Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Cognitive Styles in Online Courses and Personality Traits among Iranian Male and Female EAP Students

In today’s world, online education and digital learning are increasingly evolving and are on the agenda of many organizations. The study aimed to uncover the relationship between holistic/analytic cognitive style in online courses and big five personality traits among Iranian male and female English for Academic Purposes students. In this correlational research, the participants were selected via convenience sampling, and there were 100 students (50 male and 50 female) whose ages ranged between 20 and 26. They were senior students of executive management. For obtaining the essential data about students’ personality type and learning style, the researcher used the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI: Form M) and the Learning Style Inventory-version 3 (LSI3). These instruments are designed to identify the individual characteristics of students. The MBTI and the LSI3 were distributed at the end of the semester, and the data were analyzed by SPSS using the related statistical tests. Findings showed a statistically significant relationship among the variables under the study, specifically the extroversion factor, which was an influential personality type in online learning. Thus, it is necessary to pay full attention to each student’s characteristics, style, and personality traits to find the best teaching method.
T Tool Use

Tools and other utilitarian artifacts pervade humans’ lives. They have played such a pivotal role in theories of human evolution that tool use has traditionally been considered a behavioral indicator of complex and flexible cognition. While this early promise has long triggered and maintained keen scientific interest for the study of tool use in nonhuman animals, it may also have revived some naïve anthropomorphic and even anthropocentric biases, particularly when studying species that are evolutionarily close to humans. It is noteworthy that not all cases of tool use necessarily imply high levels of cognitive sophistication, and we should not automatically attribute some of our psychological characteristics to other tool-using species, just because tools are part of our human identity. In fact, tool use is a broad functional category of behaviors that includes a wide range of actions directed to various objects, and whose cognitive substrates may differ substantially between species. Among the species-specific factors underlying the expression of tool use, ecological stimuli, social influences, psychological traits (e.g., cognitive processes and motivational determinants), and anatomical features differentially contribute to engaging in the use of objects as tools. First, definitions of tool use – following a list of relatively consensual criteria – and description of some of its variants are provided. Then, the main ingredients that allow the expression of tool use across taxonomic groups, distinguishing between extrinsic factors (e.g., stimuli from the physical and social environments) and intrinsic factors (e.g., psychological processes and anatomical features), are reviewed. Focusing on the proximate causes of tool use (i.e., mainly mechanisms) may help generate further inquiries about its ultimate consequences (i.e., its adaptive nature). Indeed, the challenges associated with longitudinal designs and correlational tests between tool use and individual fitness benefits make it extremely difficult to unequivocally demonstrate the adaptive value of tool use, as measured by increased survival rate and reproductive success. Following the “design-feature argument,” in which the detailed structure of a given behavior is matched against the requirements of its hypothesized function, one way to circumvent the lack of evidence for the fitness-enhancing value of tool
Historical Perspectives of Canadian Children’s Picture Books: an Empirical Study of Canadian Literacy Practices and the Canadian Identity

This paper contributes to dialogues about children’s literature and literacy research by looking at how representations of print-literacy have been contextualized in 250 Canadian picture books published across a forty-year period. This study’s quantitative analysis asks how authors and illustrators represent literacy events and how these representations may/may not play a role in constituting Canada’s norms around literacy. New Literacy Studies perspectives are employed as theoretical and analytic frameworks. Results suggest that, to some extent books do reflect Canadian’s structured routines, inclusivity, and shape how Canadians portray themselves. Literature intervenes in our lives, affirming our ideologies and reflecting our beliefs.
HLA Association with Multiple Sclerosis in South-Eastern of Iran

Introduction: Investigation of the HLA_DRB1 alleles frequency between Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients in Kerman city, south-eastern of Iran, the association of rs3135388, tagging gene polymorphism of HLA_DRB1*15, with multiple sclerosis and comparing HLA_DRB1*11, the most frequent allele in this population, with HLA_DRB1*15, the most related allele to MS disease. Methods: DNA samples were extracted and amplified by PCR with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) for the HLA-DRB genes, using HLA SSP DRB Typing Kit. Based on HLA typing results, Samples having HLA_DRB1*15 were amplified with (PCR-SSP); rs3135388 primers, tagging gene for HLA_ DRB1 *15 polymorphism, then PCR product was digested by specific restriction enzyme for rs3135388, Cla I, Results: Our findings indicated that HLA_DRB1*11 was the most frequent allele followed by HLA_DRB1*15. HLA_DRB1*15 allele was more frequent in females compared to the males, while there was no significant correlation between HLA_DRB1*11 and gender. Also, HLA_DRB1*15 was more related to disease severity based on Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) results. The rs3135388 T allele was more frequent in the MS group compared to the controls. Conclusion: HLA_DRB1*15 is most probably related to MS disease with T allele as the most common polymorphism among the MS patients.
Performance of Public Universities in Pakistan: Mediating Role of Cultural Factors

The main objective of the current research is to assess the mediating role of organisational cultural between entrepreneurial orientation, structural factor and performance of public universities. The contribution of universities in the development of any country is an undeniable fact. The previous studies emphasised on such aspects, as structural factors that affect universities performance but the role of cultural factors have been ignored. The current study explores cultural factors as mediating variable between structural factors, entrepreneurial factors and performance of public universities. The current research applied a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. We developed, through an in-depth desktop research, a questionnaire that was distributed by mailed/postal survey to the randomly selected 415 respondents working in Pakistani public universities. The collected data was analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) with the help of SmartPLS 3.2. 7, a widely used data analytical tool. Out study finds that cultural factors significantly mediate the relationship between structural factors, entrepreneurial factors and performance of public universities. The university management at different level is expected to enhance competencies of conducting high quality teaching, research and contribution to wider society through utilisation of scarce resources and creating a congenial cultural environment to maximize outcome from the available strength and opportunities and overcome the weakness and challenges. The findings and recommendations are expected to add value to the current body of literature in the higher education and particular value addition will be for the Pakistani universities.
The Yield Curve as a Predictor of Economic Activity in Mexico: The Role of the Term Premium

This paper analyzes whether there exists a relationship between the slope of the yield curve and future economic activity in Mexico for the period 2004-2019. In particular, we evaluate whether such relationship depends on the term premium. For this purpose, we estimate a threshold model in which the relationship between the yield spread and future economic activity, measured as either output growth or the probability of a contraction, depends on whether the term premium is above or below an estimated threshold. The main results indicate that the slope of the yield curve seems to anticipate the behavior of economic activity only when the term premium is above a threshold. Our results also suggest that the slope of the yield curve has predictive power over the probability of facing a contraction in the future only when the term premium is above a threshold. The estimated value for such threshold depends on the forecast horizon and the measure of economic activity.
Early childhood caries among premature children enrolled in WIC: A retrospective case - Controlled study

Purpose: To investigate the association between premature birth and Early Childhood Caries (ECC) experience, while secondarily evaluating factors that may influence development of caries. Methods: Data collected from patients enrolled at the University of Iowa’s Infant Oral Health Program consisted of prenatal history, child’s demographics, neonatal history, oral hygiene, dietary habits, and clinical findings (visible plaque, enamel defects, and caries). Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were utilized (alpha=0.05). Results: Four hundred and ninety eight randomly matched premature and full-term subjects were included (mean age=21 months [range: 6-71 months]; 51.4% males and 38.9% African Americans). Bivariate analysis revealed no significant differences existed regarding cavitated and non-cavitated caries experience between full-term and premature subjects. Additionally, compared to their counterparts, premature subjects were more likely to eat cariogenic snacks between meals (P=0.028), drink cariogenic beverages >2 times per day (P=0.027), not have their teeth brushed daily (P<0.001), and less likely to have seen a dentist (P=0.04). Logistic regression analysis showed that showed number of teeth present (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.10-1.39 ; P<0.001) and visible plaque on maxillary incisors (OR=5.69, 95% CI: 2.22-14.55; p<0.001) to be significantly associated with ECC in premature subjects. Conclusions: While there was no evidence that prematurity was associated with ECC, premature subjects had cariogenic dietary behaviors and high-risk oral hygiene behaviors.
Geon3D: Benchmarking 3D Shape Bias towards Building Robust Machine Vision

Human vision, unlike existing machine vision systems, is surprisingly robust 1 to environmental variation, including both naturally occuring disturbances (e.g., 2 fog, snow, occlusion) and artiﬁcial corruptions (e.g., adversarial examples). Such 3 robustness, at least in part, arises from our ability to infer 3D geometry from 4 2D retinal projections—the ability to go from images to their underlying causes, 5 including the 3D scene. How can we design machine learning systems with such 6 strong shape bias? In this work, we view 3D reconstruction as a pretraining method 7 for building more robust vision systems. Recent studies explore the role of shape 8 bias in the robustness of vision models. However, most current approaches to 9 increase shape bias based on ImageNet take an indirect approach, attempting to 10 instead reduce texture bias via structured data augmentation. These approaches 11 do not directly nor fully exploit the relationship between 2D features and their 12 underlying 3D shapes. To ﬁll this gap, we introduce a novel dataset called Geon3D, 13 which is derived from objects that emphasize variation across shape features that 14 the human visual system is thought to be particularly sensitive. This dataset enables, 15 for the ﬁrst time, a controlled setting where we can isolate the effect of “3D shape 16 bias” in robustifying neural networks, and informs more direct approaches to 17 increase shape bias by exploiting 3D vision tasks. Using Geon3D, we ﬁnd that 18 CNNs pretrained on 3D reconstruction are more resilient to viewpoint change, 19 rotation, and shift than regular CNNs. Further, when combined with adversarial 20 training, 3D reconstruction pretrained models improve adversarial and common 21 corruption robustness over vanilla adversarially-trained models. This suggests that 22 incorporating 3D shape bias is a promising direction for building robust machine 23 vision systems. 24
Hydroxyapatite deposits of the hand and wrist: a diagnosis not to be ignored

Hydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease (HADD) of the hand and wrist is rare but can cause acute inflammatory syndromes that mimic infectious arthritis. These symptoms, which rapidly resolve with systemic anti-inflammatory drugs, are a source of diagnostic errors and inappropriate treatment. It is of crucial importance to make the diagnosis in order to avoid iatrogenic surgical management. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and radiographic signs and the key features on which diagnosis depends. Treatment effectiveness and the course of the disease were also examined. Between 1992 and 2008, 12 patients consulted for an isolated acute local inflammatory syndrome of the hand or wrist, which was accompanied by a unique radiographic picture of calcific density. All patients were reassessed clinically and radiographically with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. All patients had presented with acute local inflammatory syndromes. Nine patients had edema and 8 had swelling and erythema. No patient had fever. The course was favorable in 11 patients and one patient required surgery. No patient had a recurrence at the mean final follow-up of 90 ± 64 months. The symptoms associated with hydroxyapatite crystal deposits suggest septic arthritis with acute joint inflammation. The radiological appearance is characteristic and corrects the diagnosis. Oral anti-inflammatory treatment gives more rapid spontaneous improvement, with complete and long-lasting resolution.
Gastrointestinal development of male and female domestic canary (Serinus canaria) in the starter and grower periods

The nutritional requirements of domestic canary (Serinus canaria) for life is determined by one of the roles of gastrointestinal organs. Thus, the evaluation of the development of canary gastrointestinal organs of males and females needs to know. The research method used was an observational survey with purposive sampling. The study used forty-eight canaries divided into two groups (twenty-four males and twenty-four females). Each group was taken a sample of six birds discontinue every month for four months. One-way ANOVA analyzed data at 95% confidence level. An Independent t-Test was used to see differences in gastrointestinal development between the two groups. A correlation test was used to determine the relationship between body weight with the development of gastrointestinal. The results showed that proventricular weight, ventricular weight, liver weight, small intestine weight, jejunum length, and ilium length for the two groups were significantly different between data collection times (P<0.05). The development of proventriculus, ventriculus, liver, small intestine, duodenum was significantly different (P<0.05) between the two groups. The growth in body weight correlates with the development of all gastrointestinal organs. Thus, it is concluded that the weight and size of the gastrointestinal organs increases with canaries age and gastrointestinal development differs between male and female groups.
Wet-Spun Continuous Graphene Films

Macroscopic assembled, self-standing graphene and graphene oxide (GO) films have been demonstrated as promising materials in many emerging fields, such as Li ion battery electrodes, supercapacitors, heat spreaders, gas separation, and water desalination. Such films were mainly available on centimeter-scale via the time- and energy-consuming vacuum-filtration method, which seriously impedes their progress and large-scale applications. Due to the incompatibility between large-scale and ordered assembly structures, it remains a big challenge to access large-area assembled graphene thick films. Here, we report for the first time a fast wet-spinning assembly strategy to produce continuous GO and graphene thick films. A 20 m long, 5 cm wide, well-defined GO film was readily achieved at a speed of 1 m min–1. The continuous, strong GO films were easily woven into bamboo-mat-like fabrics and scrolled into highly flexible continuous fibers. The reduced graphene films with high thermal and moderate electrical conduc.
Milk production and lactation length of F2 Anglo Nubian × Etawah grade does

Goat milk has many benefits that resulted in increasing its consumption. A study was carried to evaluate total milk production and lactation length of F2 Anglo Nubian (AN) × Etawah Grade (PE) crossbred does in different lactation numbers. There were thirty-eight does of F2 AN × PE used in this study. All does were raised in IRIAP laboratory pens and the same feeding system and management. Daily single hand milking data were collected for total milk production per lactation of the first-third lactation between the year 2018–2019. The data were analyzed using a linear model from the SAS program including lactation numbers as a source of variation. Results had shown that lactation numbers significantly affected total milk production and lactation length (P<0.05). The first lactation of AN × PE does perform the lowest milk production and lactation length while the thirds showed the highest. The milk production and lactation length increased as lactation numbers increasing. It can be concluded that total milk production and lactation length were affected by lactation numbers. This study might be used as a consideration in improving milk production of crossbred goats using AN goats.
Liquid smoke characteristic from coconut shell and rice husk

Liquid smoke is the condensation result of wood pyrolysis. It contains lots of compounds formed by the constituent pyrolysis process such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Lignin can be used to produce organic acids, phenols, carbonyl that become the compound of natural antibiotics, antioxidants, antibiotics, disinfectants, or as biopesticides and food preservation. Those compounds have different proportions such as type, wood moisture and pyrolysis temperature. This research uses a completely random design with three repetitions. The treatments were liquid smoke raw materials source: P0 = coconut shell, P1 = rice husk and P2 = coconut shell + rice husk (50:50). The parameters measured include pH, yield (%), total acid (%), polyphenols (%) and flavonoids (ppm). The result of this research on the production of liquid smoke that is produced by various raw materials shows: Various raw materials influence the performance of pyrolysis equipment, liquid smoke chemical and physical qualities. Based on this research, Liquid smoke from coconut shell has a percentage yield of 3.23% polyphenol 1.14%, total acid 0.54% and flavonoid 1.06 ppm. Liquid smoke from coconut shell and Liquid smoke maker very potential to be developed and produce, also partiularly to reach a higher temperature.
Organic Diallyl-n-Sulfide (Dn-S) inhibited the glycogenolysis pathway and heart failure of heat-stressed laying hens

Heat stress causes a decrease in metabolic and immune function, thus resulting in decreased production. Natural extracts such as the active compound diallyl-n-sulfide (Dn-S) are one strategy to overcome the adverse effects of heat stress. One hundred and fifty female laying hens, with a mean bodyweight of 1191.38±25.54 g, aged 11 weeks, were used in this experiment to study Dn-S’s impact from garlic on the metabolite profile of the glycogenolysis pathway and heart failure in laying hens. The sample of laying hens was divided into five treatment groups, each with 25 samples and the Dn-S from garlic isolated by distillation technique. The study was carried out with three types of experimental treatment, groups with a zone temperature of heat stress (38°C) and without Dn-S, heat stress (38°C) and 100 μL Dn-S/sample, heat stress (38°C) and 1125 μL Dn-S/sample, respectively. Based on the results of the study, it shows that heat stress causes an increase in the rate of glycogenolysis. It appears that the administration of 200 μL Dn-S effectively reduces the rate of glycogenolysis and can maintain a normal heart condition. It was concluded that heat stress in laying hens could be avoided by administering diallyl n-sulfide (Dn-S) from garlic. Dn-S has an essential role in preventing changes in the osmotic pressure of body fluids. Overall, it can cope with the metabolic and physiological changes associated with heat stress.
Identification and association of polymorphism in THOC5 gene with fatty acid composition in Indonesian sheep

THO Complex 5 (THOC5) gene involves in lipid and fatty acid metabolism. The aim of this study was to analyse polymorphism of THOC5 gene and its association with fatty acid composition in sheep. A total of 120 rams at the age 12 month with the average body weight of 25–30 kg was used for identification of gene polymorphism using Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). 83 rams, representative from different genotypes of sheep were used for association study using a General Linear Model (GLM). The results identifed polymorphism in the THOC5 gene. The THOC5 gene showed two genotypes: CC and CT genotype. Association analysis revealed that THOC5 (g.68234589 C>T) was significantly (P<0.05) associated with fatty acid composition including unsaturated fatty acid: palmitoleic acid (C16:1), and saturated fatty acid: stearic acid (C18:0). The CC genotype was associated with higher level of unsaturated fatty acid and lower level of saturated fatty acid, while the CT genotype was vice versa. This result indicates that THOC5 gene (g.68234589 C>T) may contribute to fatty acid composition in sheep, as well as this polymorphism could be used as a candidate to select sheepmeat with high unsaturated fatty acid and low saturated fatty acid.
Ternary organic photodetectors based on pseudo-binaries nonfullerene-based acceptors

The addition of a third component to a donor:acceptor blend is a powerful tool to enhance the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells. Featuring a similar operating mechanism, organic photodetectors are also expected to benefit from this approach. Here, we fabricated ternary organic photodetectors, based on a polymer donor and two nonfullerene acceptors, resulting in a low dark current of 0.42 nA cm−2 at −2 V and a broadband specific detectivity of 1012 Jones. We found that exciton recombination in the binary blend is reduced in ternary devices due to the formation of a pseudo-binary microstructure with mixed donor–acceptor phases. With this approach a wide range of intermediate open-circuit voltages is accessible, without sacrificing light-to-current conversion. This results in ternary organic photodetector (TOPD) with improved Responsivity values in the near-infrared. Moreover, morphology analyses reveal that TOPD devices showed improved microstructure ordering and consequentially higher charge carrier mobilities compared to the reference devices.