Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discovering New Connections: Insights From Individual and Collective Reflexivity in a Mixed Methods Study

Through intentionally engaging in reflexivity, researchers can be transparent about potential areas of social inquiry and analysis that might be subject to a priori assumptions, personal biases, and interpretations that are not rooted in the data. In the context of conducting research with others, reflexivity also includes a collective dimension in which each researcher’s positionality interacts with the others and shapes research outcomes. Fostering collective reflexivity within interdisciplinary teams enables the researchers to process conflicting perspectives, allow creative and innovative approaches to emerge, and develop a shared vision of the research concepts, methods, and outcomes. Despite its acknowledged value, the integral process of reflexivity is rarely documented in mixed methods social inquiry. In this article, we describe the process of reflexivity through individual and collective team insights gained within a mixed methods study that examined the lived experiences and perceptions of breastfeeding among African American women and their support partners. We describe three components of the reflexivity practice we engaged in: 1) Self-led; 2) Relational and team-led; 3) Methods-focused and team-led. We discuss how this process challenged, shaped, and enriched data analysis, data integration, and finally, our understanding of the research findings.
High and Low Impulsive Buying in Social Commerce: A SPAR-4-SLR and fsQCA Approach

Academic research exploring the phenomenon of impulsive buying using s-commerce platforms is scarce. Little is known about the factors and their prominence in shaping impulsive buying on s-commerce platforms. Current research explored this unexplored terrain by employing a two study research design. Using scientific procedures and rationales for systematic literature reviews (SPAR-4-SLR), study 1 identified 24 factors in four categories (social characteristics of the s-commerce platform, features of the s-commerce platform, social shoppers’ psychographic characteristics, and marketers induced factors) shaping impulsive buying tendency of social buyers. Employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, study 2 identified 12 among 24 factors as the differentiators for high and low impulsive buying. By identifying the factors and the differentiators, this study significantly advance the limited understanding of impulsive buying using s-commerce platforms. Focusing on the differentiators, brands and s-commerce firms can significantly enhance their business.
Aggregate marginal costs of public funds

In this paper, we discuss aggregate measures of marginal costs of public funds (MCF) in populations that are heterogeneous with respect to observed as well as unobserved characteristics. We first discuss how to compute MCF in selected examples of traditional (textbook) labour supply models. Next, we review two types of discrete labour supply models proposed in the literature. Subsequently, we discuss how to calculate aggregate measures of MCF for discrete labour supply models. Finally, we apply an estimated two-sector discrete labour supply model to compute MCF based on Norwegian data.
Downlink Cell-Free Fixed Wireless Access: Architectures, Physical Realities, and Research Opportunities

Recently, a new paradigm of wireless access, termed as cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), has drawn significant research interest. Its primary distinction from conventional massive MIMO aided cellular networks is the ability to eliminate the detrimental inter-cell interference (ICI), or to convert ICI, into extra power for the intended signal via a multi-cell cooperation approach originated from network MIMO. However, the information-theoretical limit of cell-free access is achieved at the expense of large network configuration overhead and high MIMO processing complexity. Because of the dynamic nature of wireless channels, the global channel state information (CSI) invoked for network MIMO quickly becomes outdated, leading to performance degradation. This article focuses on the cell-free implementation of fixed wireless access (FWA), a complementary solution to fiber-to-the-premise (FTTP) where the latter is prohibitively expensive. In particular, we discuss the centralization architectures and channel characteristics of cell-free FWA, as well as their joint implications on imperfect CSI performance. Moreover, measurement-based offline simulations show that the long coherence time (‘quasi-static’) assumption of real-world FWA channels is only valid against a completely motionless background, and, thus, it should not be used in FWA system design or performance analysis. Finally, we present new research opportunities for cell-free FWA in terms of physical infrastructure, data processing, and machine learning.
Implementing Energy Simulation as a Design Tool in Conceptual Building Design with Regression Analysis.

HYGH, JANELLE SUZANNE. Implementing Energy Simulation as a Design Tool in Conceptual Building Design with Regression Analysis. (Under the direction of Dr. Joseph DeCarolis.) Whole building energy simulation is generally used to validate designs; however, its use as a decision support tool during design—especially during early stages—has been limited. Challenges with energy simulation implementation during conceptual design include the difficulty of creating an energy model with many unspecified parameters and the amount of time required to create an energy model and generate results. Use of a simplified simulation building program provides a practical alternative, but produces less accurate results due to the simplification of the complex processes governing the interaction of a building with its environment. This work describes the development of a regression model based on iteration of a highly detailed energy simulation tool, EnergyPlus. Monte Carlo simulation based on random variations in key parameters relevant to architectural design in early stages (e.g., size, form, orientation, fenestration, materials, thermal properties) is performed to develop the data used in the regression. During conceptual design when design decisions have the most impact on the energy performance of the building, the resultant model provides quick feedback to the user on the effects of changes in these parameters on whole building heating and cooling energy consumption. In addition, sensitivity analysis of the energy simulation results provides guidance for the designer to identify better solutions within the design space. The new methodology developed in this thesis provides quantitative feedback on energy performance that can be used as a design tool without prescribing solutions that limit the creative process of design. Implementing Energy Simulation as a Design Tool in Conceptual Building Design with Regression Analysis by Janelle Suzanne Hygh A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science
Student engagement and performance: evidence from the first wave of COVID-19 in Italy

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of student engagement and rapidity of completing exams on student performance before and during the first wave of COVID-19 in March 2020, examining the effect of the shift from face-to-face to online teaching and exams in a Master’s in Business Administration degree at a university in Italy. Prior literature mainly finds that student marks benefit from student engagement, but it has been unclear how COVID-19 affected this link. We find that COVID-19 reduced this benefit in the short term. Prior literature also finds that student performance benefits from passing the exam at the earliest opportunity but the effect of COVID-19-related changes on this remains unclear. We find that the link between higher exam marks and rapidity of completing exams was strengthened by COVID-19. The research contributes to the debate on costs and benefits of COVID-19 on accounting education quality. It confirms that there are disadvantages, in terms of the lower efficacy of student engagement, and advantages, in terms of higher marks from more rapid academic progress.
Palmar Arterial Arches- A Morphological Study

Arterial arches of hand are very important for orthopaedicians as well as microvascular surgeons. Variations encountered in these are so numerous that Poirier finds it difficult to establish a type. The present study was conducted in 50 upper limbs at Govt. Medical College, Amritsar to find out the pattern of arterial arches of hand. Variations are found more often in superficial palmar arch than the deep one, later being more or less constant. SPA was found to be single in 94% limbs (complete in 78%, & incomplete in 16%.) In 6% of limbs, a double SPA was encountered, proximal complete (radio ulnar in 4% & mediano-ulnar in 2%) & distal incomplete. Amongst the DPAs, all were complete but in one case (2%), it was limited upto 2nd intermetacarpal space only with no contribution further laterally. In general, it was confirmed that size of the 2 arches is inversally proportional to each other. All the variations encountered have an ontogenic basis which has been discussed along with their clinical implications.
The importance of breastfeeding guidance for puerperal women

Breastfeeding brings benefits to the health and well-being of the baby and mother, so for the act of breastfeeding to be successful, we need trained professionals to guide mothers since prenatal care and so it is necessary that health professionals are able to be at the mother's side guiding on breastfeeding, assisting in the first feedings of the newborn (NB). Its objective is to describe the importance of breastfeeding guidance for the health promotion of newborns and puerperal women. This is a descriptive cross-sectional field study, of the observational type with quantitative approach carried out in the Zona da Mata in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão. The sample population was conducted with 16 puerperal women, data collection was performed through a semi-structured questionnaire, with objective questions to collect the data and obtain the information pertinent to the research objectives. It was verified that the puerperal women need the guidance of a health professional, so that the practice of breastfeeding obtains satisfactory results, and for all doubts regarding the food taboos, the importance of breastfeeding, the correct way on the baby's handle, informing the breast-feeding room and how important is the support of family members at this time.
Shear bond strength of different luting agents to polyether ether ketone

Background: Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) was recently introduced to dentistry. However, difficulty in provision of a strong durable bond is its main drawback. Thus, precise surface treatment and use of a suitable luting agent are imperative for bonding of PEEK restorations. This study aimed to assess the effect of type of luting agent on shear bond strength (SBS) of PEEK. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 60 square-shaped PEEK samples were fabricated and sandblasted with 110 μm Al2O3 particles. The samples were then divided into four groups based on the type of cement used (n = 15): zinc phosphate cement, Panavia F2, Panavia V5, and resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) cement. After bonding, the samples were thermocycled for 5000 cycles. The SBS was measured by a universal testing machine. The surface of samples was inspected under a video measuring machine to determine the mode of failure. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test via SPSS version 24 (α = 0.05). and Methods: In this in vitro study, 60 square-shaped PEEK samples were fabricated and sandblasted with 110 μm Al2O3 particles. The samples were then divided into four groups based on the type of cement used (n = 15): zinc phosphate cement, Panavia F2, Panavia V5, and resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) cement. After bonding, the samples were thermocycled for 5000 cycles. The SBS was measured by a universal testing machine. The surface of samples was inspected under a video measuring machine to determine the mode of failure. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test via SPSS version 24 (α = 0.05). Results: RMGI did not bond to PEEK. The SBS values were 4.02 ± 2.87 megapascals (MPa) for Panavia V5, 10.84 ± 6.05 MPa for Panavia F2, and 10.50 ± 2.88 MPa for zinc phosphate. The SBS in the Panavia V5 group was significantly lower than that in the Panavia F2 (P = 0.001) and zinc phosphate (P < 0.001) groups. No significant difference existed between the Panavia F2 and zinc phosphate groups in this respect (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Panavia F2 resin cement and zinc phosphate conventional cement provided the highest bond strength to PEEK, while RMGI did not bond to PEEK.
One Antarctic slug to confuse them all: the underestimated diversity of Doris kerguelenensis

Abstract. The Antarctic marine environment, although rich in life, is predicted to experience rapid and significant effects from climate change. Despite a revolution in the approaches used to document biodiversity, less than one percent of Antarctic marine invertebrates are represented by DNA barcodes and we are at risk of losing biodiversity before discovery. The ease of sequencing mitochondrial DNA barcodes has promoted this relatively ‘universal’ species identification system across most metazoan phyla and barcode datasets are currently readily used for exploring questions of species-level taxonomy. Here we present the most well-sampled phylogeny of the direct-developing, Southern Ocean nudibranch mollusc, Doris kerguelenensis to date. This study sampled over 1000 new Doris kerguelenensis specimens spanning the Southern Ocean and sequenced the mitochondrial COI gene. Results of a maximum likelihood phylogeny and multiple subsequent species delimitation analyses identified 27 new species in this complex (now 59 in total). Using rarefaction techniques, we infer more species are yet to be discovered. Some species were only collected from southern South America or the sub-Antarctic islands, while at least four species were found spanning the Polar Front. This is contrary to dispersal predictions for species without a larval stage such as Doris kerguelenensis. Our work demonstrates the value of increasing geographic scope in sampling and highlights what could be lost given the current global biodiversity crisis.
Analysis, Anti-Analysis, Anti-Anti-Analysis: An Overview of the Evasive Malware Scenario

Malicious programs are persistent threats to computer systems, and their damages extend from financial losses to critical infrastructure attacks. Malware analysis aims to provide useful information to be used for forensic procedures and countermeasures development. To thwart that, attackers make use of anti-analysis techniques that prevent or difficult their malware from being analyzed. These techniques rely on instruction side-effects and that system's structure checks are inspection-aware. Thus, detecting evasion attempts is an important step of any successful investigative procedure. In this paper, we present a broad overview of what anti-analysis techniques are being used in malware and how they work, as well as their detection counterparts, i.e., the anti-anti-analysis techniques that may be used by forensic investigators to defeat evasive malware. We also evaluated over one hundred thousand samples in the search of the presence of anti-analysis technique and summarized the obtained information to present an evasion-aware malware threat scenario.
Perceptions of Older People with Cognitive Impairment, Caregivers, and Professionals about ehcoBUTLER (Tablet Health Care Platform): A Qualitative Focus Group Study

EhcoBUTLER is a tablet platform mainly aimed at the elderly with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to promote their well-being and health. The main objective of this study was to explore the perceptions and feedback level of the ehcoBUTLER potential users and stakeholders to improve its development. Through this exploration, the secondary objective was to contribute to the development of software/apps that promote their integral health. Focus groups were conducted (13 elderly with MCI, 13 with dementia, 12 caregivers, 11 professionals). The content and feedback level were analyzed. Participants liked the appearance of ehcoBUTLER, would like to use it, and were mainly interested in the emotional, healthy lifestyle, cognitive, and ergonomic tools. It is necessary to have prior training, more intuitive/customizable apps, low-price/free, offline/USB content, and add other activities/features. EhcoBUTLER is well-oriented to meet the needs and preferences of potential users. However, improvements in its usability, accessibility, and sustainability are needed. The participants’ perspectives provided a comprehensive view to improve ehcoBUTLER, so that in the future, it can benefit the elderly to be active agents in their health; support caregivers in their role and to have a respite; and professionals to have a multi-intervention platform. The present findings can contribute to the development of tablet software/apps that promote the integral well-being of this population.
How Local Contexts Matter for Local Immigrant Policies

There is a dearth of studies comparing the relative explanatory power of several major theories related to policy support for immigrants specifically in the context of local policies (as opposed to those at the state and national levels) and related to immigrant settlement and attraction (as opposed to welfare or legal benefits). By testing alternate explanations of local immigration policy, the analysis contributes to the development of theory related to policymaking in this area. Based on a national survey of municipalities across the US there is little evidence that racial threat theory limits local immigrant supportive policies. However, the policy determinants differ by the type of immigrant attraction and support policy examined.
Adjective clauses in the -er suffix of occupation definitions in online dictionaries

Learners’ dictionaries are often intended to assist students with distinct proficiency levels. However, few studies have shown how dictionaries with different intended users were compared. This paper aimed to compare and contrast adjective clauses in -er suffix occupation definitions in two online dictionaries. Data, consisting of 33 occupation words with the suffix -er, such as ‘barber’ and ‘waiter’, were collected from the online Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDOCE) and the online Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (OALD) using purposive sampling. The data were analysed using syntactic analysis, focusing on the components of adjective clauses. The results showed the head noun of the adjective clauses differed; LDOCE used pronouns most frequently (80.6%), while OALD used noun phrases only (100%). The relative pronoun ‘who’ was used more frequently in LDOCE (48.4%) and ‘whose’ in OALD (62.5%). Transitive verbs were used the most in LDOCE (48.4%), but in OALD, it was linking verbs (57.9%). The additional information that affected the length of the adjective clauses was longer in OALD compared to LDOCE. The study results provide pedagogical implications for English learning-teaching by utilizing online dictionaries. English teachers and learners are encouraged to integrate dictionaries into the learning-teaching activities.
IL-21/IL-21R Regulates the Neutrophil-Mediated Pathologic Immune Response during Chlamydial Respiratory Infection

IL-21/IL-21R was documented to participate in the regulation of multiple infection and inflammation. During Chlamydia muridarum (C. muridarum) respiratory infection, our previous study had revealed that the absence of this signal induced enhanced resistance to infection with higher protective Th1/Th17 immune responses. Here, we use the murine model of C. muridarum respiratory infection and IL-21R deficient mice to further identify a novel role of IL-21/IL-21R in neutrophilic inflammation. Resistant IL-21R−/− mice showed impaired neutrophil recruitment to the site of infection. In the absence of IL-21/IL-21R, pulmonary neutrophils also exhibited reduced activation status, including lower CD64 expression, MPO activity, and neutrophil-produced protein production. These results correlated well with the decrease of neutrophil-related chemokines (KC and MIP-2), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), and TLR/MyD88 pathway mediators (TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88) in infected lungs of IL-21R−/− mice than normal mice. Complementarily, decreased pulmonary neutrophil infiltration, activity, and levels of neutrophilic chemotactic factors and TLR/MyD88 signal in infected lungs can be corrected by rIL-21 administration. These results revealed that IL-21/IL-21R may aggravate the neutrophil inflammation through regulating TLR/MyD88 signal pathway during chlamydial respiratory infection.
SCREENING CACAO GERMPLASM FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE

Received for publication on March 04, 2022. Accepted on April 04, 2022. 5 DOI:10.21757/0103-3816.2022v34n1p5-18 *Corresponding author: raulrenevalle@hotmail.com 1Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, km 16, Highway BR 415, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil; 2Cacao Research Center (CEPEC), km 22, Highway BR 415, 45600-919, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil; 3Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Aquenta Sol, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
Hemostatic Achievement After Introduction of Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Multiple Trauma: A Case Study

Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is indicated for patients with severe respiratory failure who cannot be managed with a ventilator. We report a case of severe chest trauma with an injury severity score of 66, in which hemostasis was achieved after VV-ECMO. A 29-year-old male patient sustained a fall injury from a 4-m cliff. The fall resulted in significant traumatic cerebral hemorrhage, bilateral pulmonary contusion, hemothorax, pelvic fracture, and limb fracture. During transcatheter arterial embolization, the patient continued to bleed from the left lung and showed progressive hypoxemia. In addition, the patient was unable to maintain tidal volume and experienced hypercapnia, and thus, VV-ECMO was introduced, followed by a thoracotomy to stop the bleeding. On the third day of hospitalization, the patient was weaned off VV-ECMO, and on day 35, he was transferred to a rehabilitation hospital for recovery. VV-ECMO may serve as a “bridge” until hemostatic maneuvers for severe chest trauma are completed and may contribute to help ensure adequate respiration.
Microleakage of five separated nickel-titanium rotary file systems in the apical portion of the root canal

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of apical microleakage following the fracture of five types of nickel–titanium rotary file systems (ProTaper Universal, Mtwo, RaCe, Revo-s, HeroShaper) in the apical one-third of the canal. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory experiment, 49 mandibular premolars were collected and randomly divided into seven groups. Root canal treatment was performed by five different rotary file systems with different cross-sections. All files, except in the control groups, were scratched at the 3-mm end by a handpiece. After separation of the apical end of the file in the root canal, the apical seal was measured, using the fluid infiltration technique. Data were analyzed in SPSS, using one-way ANOVA and Tamhane's T2 tests at P < 0.05. Results: The Hero Shaper and RaCe files showed the highest (3.14 μL/min) and the lowest (2.51 µL/min) rates of microleakage over time, respectively. There were significant differences between the Hero Shaper and RaCe files and between Hero Shaper and ProTaper files in terms of microleakage (Tamhane's T2 tests, P < 0.05) Conclusion: The presence of a separated file and its cross-section type affects the apical microleakage.