Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WEANLING PIGS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH CHLOROACETIC ACID

This study investigated the effect of chloroacetic acid on growth performance and heamatological parameters of weanling pigs. Thirty-six cross-bred weanling pigs (Landrace × Duroc) were allotted randomly to four treatment groups, with three replicates of three weanling pigs in each group. Control (T1) weanling pigs were given a standard basal diet; Treatment 2, 3 and 4 were diets of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 percents levels of inclusion of chloroacetic acid respectively. After six weeks, blood and intestinal samples were collected from one animal per replicate. Data on feed intake and weight gain were collected daily. Results showed that chloroacetic acid did improve the animal growth performance. There was a decrease in pH. There was significant differences (P<0.05) on white blood cell and mean corpuscular haemoglobin across the treatment. There was no significant difference (P<0.05) across the treatments on pack cell volume and red blood cell count. This study showed that chloroacetic acid influenced some haematological parameters, decreased the pH of the gastro- intestinal tract of the animals. Further studies will be needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the effects observed when chloroacetic acid is fed to weanling pigs.
Divergence in Relation to Geographical Origin in a World Collection of Linseed

In the present study, one hundred types of Linutn usitatissimum, drawn at random from the Institute collection and representing seven geographical regions, namely, Afghanistan, Europe, Russia, India, U.S.A. -Canada, Argentina and Australia were examined and the nature of genetic divergence estimated by multivariate analysis using Mahalanobis's D-2 statistic.
Effects of Kolaviron on the Histoarchitecture of the Ovary, Fallopian Tube and Uterus in Female Wistar Rats

This research work determined the effects of kolaviron (a methanolic extract of Garcinia kola seeds) on the histoarchitectures of ovary, fallopian tube and uterus with a view to access its relationship to infertility. A total of thirty adult female Wistar rats were used for this experiment. The animals were randomly divided into six (6) groups: A, B, C, D, E and F with five (5) animals in each group. Group A, were the control group that were given distilled water orally once daily for 14 days; Group B were given kolaviron orally at concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight once daily for 14 days; Group C were given kolaviron orally at concentration of 100 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days; Group D were given clomiphene citrate orally at concentration of 0.50 mg/kg body weight for 5 days; Group E were given kolaviron orally at concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight once daily for 14 days after which clomiphene citrate were administered at concentration of 0.50 mg/kg body weight for 5 days; Group F were given kolaviron orally at concentration of 100 mg/kg body weight twice daily for 14 days after which clomiphene citrate were administered at concentration of 0.50 mg/kg body weight for 5 days. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were anaesthesized by chloroform inhalation. The ovary, fallopian tube and uterus were removed, weghed and fixed in 10% formol saline for Haematoxylin and Eosin staining. The results showed that Relative gonads weight (f=10.700, df=5, P<0.05) were significantly difference across the groups, The histoarchitechture of the ovary showed that kolaviron ingestion by the female wistar rats (groups B and C) resulted into drastical reduction if not total absence in the number of growing follicles, while uterus and fallopian tube revealed inflammed lumen, groups A and D were normal while groups E and F had evidence recovery from distortion. It was concluded that kolaviron have adverse effects on the ovary, fallopian tube and uterus in female wistar rats and this could add to its role as infertility agent while clomiphene citrate helped in their recovery.
Perceptions and economic losses from locoweed in north - eastern New Mexico

Livestock producers and others knowledgeable about the locoweed problem in northeastern New Mexico were surveyed to obtain the production information needed to estimate economic losses from locoweed (Oxytropis/Astragalus) poisoning. A partial budgeting approach was used to estimate economic losses based on animal performance differences with increasing levels of poisoning. With current production costs and 1990-96 average beef prices, annual locoweed poisoning losses were estimated to be $75 head-1 for moderately poisoned animals, and $282 head-1 for severely poisoned animals. The most common locoweed management strategy used by northeastern New Mexico ranchers was to move animals observed eating locoweed into locoweed-free areas. Rehabilitation of these animals for an extended period before sale was found to decrease economic loss relative to immediate sale. Moderately and severely poisoned animals that are rehabilitated were estimated to gain 14% and 29% less than non-intoxicated animals. Other management options including chemical locoweed control, fencing, and locoweed aversion were found to be economically justified when relatively high locoweed infestations are anticipated. DOI:10.2458/azu_jrm_v53i4_torell
Translocated Esox lucius L. (PISCES) trigger a Triaenophorus crassus Forel (CESTODA) epidemic in a population of Salvelinus umbla (L.) (PISCES)

In 2005, an epidemic of the pike tapeworm Triaenophorus crassus Forel, 1868 broke out in the Arctic charr (Salvelinus umbla (L. 1758)) stock of Lake Grundlsee, Austria. Besides the definitive host Northern pike (Esox lucius L. 1758), which was introduced into the lake in the 1960s, the cestode requires copepods as first and salmonid fish as second intermediate hosts. Within 2 years, the prevalence of the cestode in medium sized Arctic charr increased to almost 100% and the abundance reached a maximum of 55 cysts per fish, leading to the closure of the fishery. Such a massive infection of Arctic charr has never been reported. High pike abundance and the occurrence of a suitable copepod host facilitated the outbreak. The only first intermediate host Cyclops abyssorum praealpinus Kiefer, 1933 predominated the zooplankton community during May, when cestode coracidia hatch from eggs. Only during this infectious period, C. abyssorum praealpinus was eaten by Arctic charr (2–50% of prey organisms). Low fishing pressure on pike enabled the development of a large population that served as reservoir for T. crassus with up to 687 cestodes per fish. To contain the epidemic, 1671 pike were removed between 2008 and 2013. Infection of Arctic charr decreased to 60% and a maximum number of 16 cysts in 2013.
Molecular Evidence for the Taxonomic Status of an Undescribed Species of Dasyatis (Chondrichthyes: Dasyatidae) from Japan

Specimens of an undescribed species of Dasyatis stingray (D. sp.) were collected from Nagasaki and Kagoshima Prefectures, Japan. These specimens are more similar to D. akajei (Müller and Henle, 1841), D. laevigata Chu, 1960, and D. izuensis Nishida and Nakaya, 1988 than they are to other congeners obtained from the western North Pacific Ocean. The genetic differences among D. sp. , D. akajei, D. laevigata, D. izuensis, and two other congeneric species, D. matsubarai Miyosi, 1939 and D. kuhlii (Müller and Henle, 1841), were investigated on the basis of partial sequences (621 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. All three specimens of D. sp. that were analyzed showed identical haplotypes and formed a well-diverged clade in the phylogenetic analysis. The pairwise sequence differences between D. sp. and the five other species of Dasyatis ranged from 7.09% to 15.30%. These values almost equalled, or exceeded, the interspecific differences among the latter five species [range, 5.82% (D. akajei vs D. izuensis) to 16.43% (D. kuhlii vs D. izuensis, and D. kuhlii vs D. laevigata)]. Our findings indicate that D. sp. is a reproductively isolated and distinct species.
Length–weight relationships of fish from Madeira River, Brazilian Amazon, before the construction of hydropower plants

Summary Length–weight relationships (LWRs) are presented for 112 freshwater fish species representing 23 families and five orders captured in the Madeira River, the largest white-water river tributary of the Amazon River. The allometry coefficient (b) of the LWR (Wt = aSLb) ranged from 2.446 to 3.856 with a median value of 3.102. Eight new LWR records are presented for Amazonian species as information for FishBase. LWRs in the present study provide historical data on a and b coefficients prior to the damming of the Madeira River in November 2011, allowing comparison estimates of predicted future population parameters as influenced by human intervention.
INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN RICE- SUNFLOWER CROPPING SYSTEM ON YIELD AND NUTRIENT BALANCE SHEET

Integrated nutrient management in rice- sunflower cropping system was evaluated for yield and deviations in soil nutrient status in the sandy loamy soils of Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was conducted in 2001 and 2002 with the same set of treatments at two different places at Agricultural College Farm, Rajendranagar. The results of the study revealed that the integrated nutrient supply by partly substituting 25 per cent recommended N fertiliser equivalent with FYM to rice increased the yield of rice (4367 kg ha−1) and also the rice equivalent yield of succeeding sunflower (1878 kgha−1) consistently during two years. The mean total productivity of the system was 6214 kgha−1 while the inorganic fertilisation produced a mean of 5595 kgha−1 rice equivalent yield. The balance of nitrogen and phosphorus was negative except for phosphorus due to integration of organic sources of nutrients during second year and positive for potassium due to this nutrient management strategy in rice – sunflower cropping system.
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN JANGKA MENENGAH DAERAH (RPJMD) KABUPATEN BERAU TAHUN 2010-2015 BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DAN BIDANG KESEHATAN

This research was aims to analyze and describe Evaluation of Implementation the Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Berau Regency Year 2010-2015 of Education and Health. The focus of the research are: medium-term development plan in the field of Education and the medium-term development plan in the field of health. The research data obtained through interview, observation and documentation. The results of this study illustrate the implementation of educational programs in accordance with what is stated in the document RPJMD Berau District on 4 programs implemented according to priority.
Oxidative stress and the molecular biology of antioxidant defenses.

The oxygen paradox - biochemistry of active oxygen redox regulation by the HIV-1 TAT transcritional factor oxidative damage to DNA and its repair the antioxidative stress in eukaryotes transcriptional regulators of oxidative stress responses oxidative stress, gene expression and the aging process superoxide dismutases in bacteria and pathogen protists superoxide dismutase - studies in the yeast "saccharomyces cerevisiae" molecular genetics of superoxide dismutases in plants bacterial catalases biochemistry, molecular biology and cell biology of yeast and fungal catalases catalases in plants - gene structure, properties, regulation and expression the structure of catalases mediation of signal transduction by oxidants the oxidative burst and its roles in signal transduction and response of stressed plants the NADPH oxidase of leukocytes osicative burst-mediated defense responses in plant disease resistance gluta-thione reductase - regulation and role in oxidative stress oxidative stress in mitochondria oxygen metabolism and electron transport in photosynthesis ascorbate peroxidase and monodehydroscorbate reducatase - key enzymes for hydrogen peroxide-scavenging system in plants oxidandants, antioxidants and aging reactive oxygen and apoptosis role of "sod" in neurodegenerative disease free radicals - dietary advantages and disadvantages defense against photooxidative damage in plants air pollution and free radical protection responses of plants.
Apoptosis gene expression profiling in lens development

During lens development, epithelial cells located at the equatorial region of the lens undergo terminal differentiation to form fibre cells resulting in cell elongation and degradation of all intracellular organelles. Failure to complete this process successfully can result in cataract. This process is thought to be an attenuated form of classical apoptosis. This study was completed to give a comprehensive analysis of apoptosis genes in the developing mouse lens. Macroarrays containing 243 immobilised cDNAs with a known role in apoptosis were utilised to examine the gene expression at different developmental stages. The stages examined were postnatal day 7 and postnatal day 14. Over 100 apoptosis genes were shown to be expressed above background with 20 genes demonstrating significantly differential expression (2-fold or greater change in expression, p-value < 0.05), with highest expression at PI4. PCR confirmed expression of all the genes identified from the array results, and differential expression was confirmed for 52% of the genes. Protein expression of two selected genes, axl and mcl-1, was demonstrated using western blotting. Lens morphology was examined in transgenic mice generated to contain an extended CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene (one of the genes identified from the arrays). Morphology was compared between homozygote, heterozygote and wild-type mice. The presence of the mutated gene did not affect denucleation during lens differentiation and no statistically significant difference was seen in the dimensions of the organelle free zone (OFZ) of the wild-type and homozygote mice. A cross-species comparison was completed. Gene expression of the genes shown to be highly expressed and differentially expressed from the array results was examined in embryonic chick lenses. From the results of this part of the study expression was seen for 83% of genes. These results add to the argument that the process of differentiation is similar in both mouse and chick lenses.
An anatomical investigation of higher visual structures in the pigeon (Columba livia)

ix Introduction 1 General Background 2 Visuo-Cognitive Abilities of Birds 2 Two Major Ascending Visual Pathways 5 Functions of Early Visual Processing 7 Background for Specific Aim One 9 Functional Significance of E 9 Heterogeneity of E 10 Anterior-Posterior Organization of E 10 Internal-External Organization of E 12 Background for Specific Aim Two 14 Definition of NIL 14 NIL Connections are Reminiscent of NCM 16 Background for Specific Aim Three 17 Neuromarkers Used to Identify Visual Structures 17 Parvalbumin (PV) 17 Cytochrome Oxidase (CO) 18 ZENK 19 Rationale 22 Method 24 Subjects 24 Unilateral Lesions 24 Monocular Occlusions 25 Exposure to Live Stimulus 25 Perfusions 26 Parvalbumin and ZENK Immunohistochemistry 27 Cytochrome Oxidase Histology 27 Additional Histology 28 Parvalbumin and Cytochrome Oxidase Image Capturing and Analysis 28 ZENK Image Capturing and Analysis 30 ii Lesion Reconstructions 33 Statistical Analyses 33 Results 35 Lesion Reconstructions 35 Individual Lesion Reconstruction Cases 36 PV Immunohistochemistry 40 Individual PV Cases 41 Number of PV-ir Neurons in E 49 Density of PV-ir Neuropil in E 53 CO Histochemistry 58 Individual CO Cases 59 Density of CO Staining in E 65 ZENK Immunohistochemistry 70 Individual ZENK Cases 71 Number of ZENK-ir Neurons in NIL 82 Discussion 83 List of References 93 Appendices 102 Appendix A: A protocol for Conducting Optical Density Analysis 103 Appendix B: A New Digital Imaging Protocol for Signal Detection and Distribution 104 About The Author END PAGE
Response and carcass characteristics of male Murrah buffalo calves fed rations with different concentrate to roughage ratio.

Growth and carcass characteristics studies were conducted on 18 male Murrah buffalo calves (6-9 m; 120-150 kg) fed on diets with the concentrate to roughage rattos of 22:78 (A), 32:68 (B) and 34:66 (C) for 120 d. The ADG observed was 390.2+38.7, 479.1+56,7 and 504.2±84.6 g in A, B and C, respectively. Mean intakes of DM. DCP and TDN per rg gain in body weight were 8.65,0.576 and 4.85 (A), 8.36, 0.549 and 4.97 kg (B) and 8.31, 0.515 and 5.00 kg (C). Only the digestibilities of EE and NFE were higher in B and C than in A. Except the higher content of omental and pelvic fat and boneless carcass yield, there was no significant differences in carcass traits due to intake of more concentrate in groups B and C.
Parâmetros de estabilidade propostos por Lin e Binns (1988) comparados com o método da regressão

Os parâmetros de estabilidade propostos por Lin & Binns (1988) para rendimento de algodao em caroco foram comparados com o metodo de Eberhart & Russell (1966) que utiliza a regressao. Os ensaios foram compostos por nove cultivares em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com seis repeticoes, conduzidos pelo Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Algodao (CNPA) em 16 localidades da Regiao Nordeste, no periodo de 1991 a 1992. As comparacoes das estimativas entre os dois metodos foram efetuadas atraves da correlacao classificatoria de Spearman. As cultivares CNPA 6H e CNPA 85-241 obtiveram altas produtividades, valores de β 1 ≥ I, R 2 > 95%, baixos valores de P i e contribuiram somente com 2,1 e 3,5% do total da interacao, enquanto a CNPA Giorge I foi a mais instavel. A correlacao classificatoria de Spearman entre β 1 e P i em 1992 foi de -0,96 significativo pelo teste t (P ≤ 0,01), indicando que esses parâmetros forneceram os mesmos resultados. E vantajosa a utilizacao do P i, porque nao ha restricao sobre a independencia das variaveis, alem de indicar os materiais com desempenhos proximos do valor maximo nos diferentes ambientes testados.
PERTUMBUHAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merrill) DENGAN APLIKASI FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR (FMA) DAN KONSORSIUM MIKROBA

The using of chemical fertilizer in soybean cultivation had created negative impact for environment.To decrease of it, the utilization of biological fertilizer in soybean cultivation can increase thegrowth and production of soybean. The objective of the research was to know the growth andproduction of soybean with application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and microbeconcortium. This research was conducted at Jalan Setiabudi Kelurahan Simpang SelayangKecamatan Medan Tuntungan on April-July 2013, used factorial randomized block design with twofactors. The first factor was application of AMF (0, 20, 40 g per plant). The second factor wasapplication of microbe concortium (0,5,10,15 g per kg of seed). Parameters observed were plantheight, stem diameter, infection degree of AMF, weight of nodules and number of effectivenodules. The result showed that application of AMF increased plant height 6 weeks after plant(WAP), stem diameter, infection degree of AMF. The application of microbe concortium increasedplant height 6 WAP, stem diameter, infection degree of AMF. Interaction both of treatmentincreased plant height 2 WAP, weight of nodules and number of effective nodules.Keywords : soybean, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, microbe concortium
NW Mediterranean anchovy fisheries

SUMMARY: The present study describes the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) fishery, the fleet involved in its exploitation, and the basic biological parameters, to provide more accurate information on the exploitation rate of the North Western Mediterranean stocks. We have compiled studies that deal with its assessment and have compared results from different methodologies. Anchovy biomass has been estimated by acoustics and egg production methods, both being direct methods but with a lack of fisheries information that integrates the exploitation variable on the anchovy resource (fishing mortality). We have analyzed the landings of six major ports in the NW Mediterranean Sea (Castello, Barcelona, Port de la Selva, Sete, Savona and Sestri-Levante) obtained length frequencies and applied a Length Cohort Analysis so that preliminary results are given in order to state the exploitation rate. Results show no growth overexploitation but in order to prevent recruitment overfishing, seasonal closures during autumm and winter would be advisable. These would take into account the first maturity size that appears larger than catch’s mean sizes in order to ensure at least one spawning season for most of the individuals.
Differential Sensitivity of Mammalian Cell Lines to Non‐Thermal Atmospheric Plasma

In vitro experiments demonstrated a differential sensitivity to non-thermal atmospheric plasma among three mammalian cell lines. The highest proliferation rates, osteoblast cells (MG63) were the most sensitive; Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO), with the lowest proliferation rate, were the least sensitive; and colon cancer cells (SW480) were in between. Apoptosis was found to increase in all cell lines and at all levels of exposure in comparison to the controls. Cells grown in batch cultures, following plasma exposure, demonstrated similar trends of decreasing proliferation rates and ATP concentrations as exposure time increased. The investigation demonstrated that plasma exposure increases the propensity of surviving cells to adhere to surfaces. SEM and fluorescence studies showed that plasma-exposed cells exhibited better cell spreading and cell adhesion.
Evaluation of Challenges in the Diagnosis of Spinal Injury Complicated with Trauma

Introduction: Spinal injury is often complicated with severe and multiple traumatic injuries. However, a diagnosis of Spinal injury can be difficult without available neurological findings. We examined spinal injury patients with trauma and investigated challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Patients and Methods: Of 8,154 cases with trauma that presented to our center between October 01, 2012 to September 30, 2015, 118 were spinal injury. Of these 118 cases of spinal injury, neurological findings were not obtained in 19 cases. Here, we investigated the reasons for being unable to diagnose these cases as spinal injury. Result: In all 19 cases, we were unable to obtain neurological findings due to disturbance of consciousness. Disturbance of consciousness was due to shock in 8 cases, head injury in 4 cases, patient psychiatric background in 3 cases, hypothermia in 2 cases, out of hospital cardiopulmonary arrest in 3 cases, and intoxication in 1 case. Diagnosis of vertebral fracture and spinal injury was obtained by computed tomography images at the first medical examination in 17 of the 19 cases. In 1 case not diagnosed at the first medical examination, disturbance of consciousness was due to accidental hypothermia and shock. Paralysis was observed after consciousness recovery, and spinal cord injury was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: In the emergency room, attention should be given to patients with disturbance of consciousness and severe multiple injuries to consider a diagnosis of spinal injury.