Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of pid controllers for glucose control in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus

The aim of this research is to develop and evaluate a novel, model-based PID control design method to achieve normo-glycemia with an artificial pancreas. A key objective is to utilize a simple, control-relevant model that can be personalized for individual subjects based only on clinical information that is readily available, such as total daily insulin (TDI). The proposed PID design method is based on the Internal Model Control (IMC) approach and a simple dynamic model that has a single adjustable parameter that is personalized based on the subject’s TDI. The proposed controller design method was evaluated in an in silico study using the UVa/Padova metabolic simulator. Ten simulated subjects were used to determine a conservative value of the single IMC design parameter. This value provided good post-prandial responses and a reasonable degree of robustness for changes of+/- 50% in the insulin sensitivity. Then ten additional subjects were simulated in a validation study that included three meals (50, 40 and 50 g CHO) during a 30 hours. The PID controllers based on the personalized models performed better than controllers based on a fixed model. For the validation study, the average amount of time that the glucose concentration was in the desired range (70-180 mg/dL) was 88% for the personalized models and 83% for the fixed models. Similarly, the average values for the 180-250 mg/dL range were 10% and 16% for the personalized and fixed models, respectively. Neither design method resulted in hypoglycemia (<60 mg/dL). Simulation studies have demonstrated that the proposed controller design method based on personalized models is practical and superior to controllers based on a fixed model
The Osteology of Infants and Children

Most archaeologists and bioarchaeologists receive little or no training in the recognition of skeletal remains of fetuses, infants, and children. Yet many research sites may contain such materials. Without a framework for identifying the bones or the excavation techniques suited to their recovery, archaeologists may often overlook sub adult skeletal remains or even confuse them with animal bones. "The Osteology of Infants and Children" fills the need for a field and lab manual on this important topic and provides a supplemental textbook for human osteology courses. Focusing on juvenile skeletons, their recovery and identification, and siding in both field and lab settings, the volume provides basic descriptions and careful illustrations of each skeletal element at varying stages of development, along with sections on differentiation from other bones and siding tips. The book offers detailed treatment of the skull and teeth, including the cranial vault and facial bones, and examines the infra cranial skeleton: vertebrae, pelvis, chest, shoulders, arms, hands, legs, and feet. A quick reference guide explains age estimation and identification templates. The illustrations are enhanced by photographs from two recent archaeology projects in Egypt, at Abydos and Dakhleh Oasis. The extensive collection of fetal and child remains from these sites provides new reference material unavailable in previous publications, making this manual an unparalleled resource in the field of physical anthropology.
MODELING TRAFFIC FLOWS AND CONFLICTS AT ROUNDABOUTS

The first modern roundabout in Kansas was constructed in Manhattan in 1997. The operation of this roundabout intersection was compared with two comparable 2-way STOP controlled intersections and with different traffic control scenarios. Traffic count data was collected with a 360-degree omnidirectional video camera. Traffic data was evaluated with the computer program SIDRA (Signalized and Unsignalized Intersection Design and Research Aide). The analysis results were statistically tested to determine which intersection(s) operated statistically better. When compared to the two comparable 2-way STOP intersections, the roundabout performed worse or the same for three of the evaluative measures: average delay, 95 percentile queue and proportion stopped. The roundabout operated better with regard to maximum approach delay, maximum proportion stopped and degree of saturation. The roundabout intersection was also evaluated under three different traffic control scenarios: two-way STOP, four-way STOP and four-way STOP with separate left turn lanes. This evaluation found the roundabout to operate better than the other alternatives with respect to all measures. Prior to roundabout construction, the intersection experienced an average of 3 traffic crashes, with at least one injury per year. Since completion in November 1997, the roundabout has experienced no reported traffic crashes.
EFEKTIVITAS SOFTWARE PEMBELAJARAN IPA TERPADU MODEL CONNECTED UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA KELAS VIII PADA TEMA ROKOK DAN KESEHATAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa software pembelajaran dan menguji efektifitasnya dalam peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada aspek konten, konteks, proses dan sikap sains siswa pada tema rokok dan kesehatan melalui software pembelajaran IPA terpadu model connected. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan tahapan define, design, dan develop. Uji coba software pada tahap develop dilakukan dengan quasy eksperiment dengan bentuk pretest-postest control group design. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar tes literasi sains dalam bentuk soal pilihan ganda, angket, LKS, lembar observasi, dan pedoman wawancara. Berdasarkan data nilai pretes dan postes dihitung nilai N-Gain (%) kemudian dianalisis secara statistik. Terhadap data tersebut juga dilakukan uji signifikansi pada taraf kepercayaan 95% dengan uji z untuk data postes dan N-Gain, serta uji U-Mann Whitney untuk data pretes. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan literasi sains secara keseluruhan untuk kedua kelas mengalami peningkatan. Kemampuan awal kedua kelas tidak berbeda secara signifikan. Setelah perlakuan, diperoleh dari hasil postes dan N-Gain bahwa antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Pada aspek konten terjadi peningkatan sebesar 50,8% untuk kelas eksperimen. Pada aspek konteks terjadi peningkatan sebesar 47,2% sedangkan untuk aspek proses dan sikap sains siswa terjadi peningkatan sebesar 59,2% dan 31,3%. Kata kunci: Software Pembelajaran, Research and Development (R&D), Literasi Sains
Incorporating Lightweight Materials in Reinforced Concrete Beams and Slabs –A Review

: This paper reviews the structural performances of reinforced concrete beams and slabs filled with lightweight materials to identify the research gaps in the area for future research development. Data is extracted from the research works done by different researchers. It was then recomputed to analyze the effects of concrete replacement regions, geometrical properties and spacing of lightweight materials on the ultimate strength of the structural elements. The lightweight materials were found to be more effective in reducing the weight of the slab without significantly affecting its strength as compared with the beam. The lightweight materials are recommended to have round corners, spaced out and positioned at the neutral axis or the compressive region for better strength performance so that the effective strength to weight ratio exceeds 1.0.
The economic effect of the 2015 Refugee Crisis in Sweden: Jobs, Crimes, Prices and Voter turnout

The civil war in Syria has culminated in a massive refugee crisis in neighboring and Europeancountries. Millions of refugees made their way to Europe between 2014 and 2015, with morethan 160 000 arriving in Sweden alone. Little is known about the impact of this influx onvoting behavior, criminality rates, labor markets, and local price levels. By using data on theSwedish municipalities, the analysis estimates the short-run consequences of the refugeeinflow. The results are found through a dynamic difference-in-difference estimator, whichcompare municipalities in Sweden who received relatively many refugees (treated) comparedto those hosting relatively few refugees (control). The quasi-randomized allocation process ofrefugees in combination with a very high variation among the different municipalitiesrefugee-intake creates stable conditions for reliable estimations through the difference-indifferenceapproach. Regarding the labor market, the findings suggest that the treated groupshosting many refugees face higher unemployment rates and simultaneously lower wagelevels. Additionally, the result indicates that the municipalities hosting more refugees facehigher crimes committed per capita, particularly regarding assault- and fraud-related crimes.Furthermore, the results stress that the treated group meet higher vote shares in thesubsequent national election in favor of the right-wing parties and decreasing support for thecenter-right, center-left, and left-wing parties. Surprisingly, the vote share of the antiimmigrationparty SD does not correlate with refugee-influx.
Diagnostic Performance of SPECT/CT Versus Diffusion-Weighted Mri in Characterization of Indeterminate Osseous Lesions Detected on Bone Scan

Background: Characterization of solitary osseous lesions on planar bone scintigraphy (PBS) is challenging. In this pilot study, we aimed to explore the diagnostic performance of 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy using SPECT/CT in comparison to magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion-weighted imaging (MR-DWI) in patients with solitary indeterminate osseous lesions detected on PBS. Methods: This pilot study prospectively recruited 46 cancer patients who underwent PBS, with a finding of a solitary osseous lesion that was deemed indeterminate by two nuclear medicine physicians not involved in subsequent reading. A targeted SPECT/CT and MR-DWI were read independently by two nuclear medicine physicians and two radiologists, respectively, on a 5-point probability score. The final diagnosis of disease status was formulated from subsequent clinical/imaging follow-up within six months. Results: Agreement between SPECT/CT readers was 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI]:0.51-0.85) and 0.99 (95%CI:0.99-1.00) between MR-DWI readers. According to the follow-up, 16/46 patients proved to have osseous metastasis. The area under the curve (AUC) from ROC analysis was 0.79 (95%CI:0.65-93) for SPECT/CT and 0.73 (95%CI:0.57-0.89) for MR-DWI. No statistically significant difference was noted regarding sensitivity or specificity. MR-DWI was more accurate for lesions located in the appendicular skeleton (n=17; AUC=0.92,95%CI:0.68-1.0) compared to axial lesions (n=29; AUC=0.65,95%CI:0.45-0.81). The performance of SPECT/CT was comparable for both sites. Diagnostic indices from both modalities were comparable for sclerotic and non-sclerotic lesions on the CT part of SPECT/CT.Conclusions: In this exploratory report, no significant difference was seen in the overall diagnostic performance between SPECT/CT and MR-DWI for characterization of solitary indeterminate osseous lesions depicted on PBS. MR-DWI results were more reproducible; however, the overall accuracy of MR-DWI varied according to lesion site, density patterns on CT, and the primary tumor type. Such differences were less obvious with SPECT/CT.
Clothing: A Global History: Or, the Imperialists' New Clothes

1. Introduction. 2. The Rules of Dress. 3. Redressing the Old World. 4. First Colonialisms. 5. The Production, care and distribution of clothing. 6. The Export of Europe. 7. Reclothed in Rightful Minds: Christian missions and clothing. 8. Re-forming the body: reforming the mind. 9. The Clothing of Colonial Nationalism. 10. The Emancipation of Dress. 11. Engendered Acceptance and Rejection. 12. Conclusion
International Dictionary of Public Management and Governance

The planning and placement of advertising media is a multibillion dollar business that critically impacts advertising effectiveness. The new edition of this acclaimed and widely adopted text offers practical guidance for those who practice media planning on a daily basis as well as those who must ultimately approve strategic media decisions. Full of current brand examples, the book is a "must-read" for all who will be involved in the media decision process on both the agency and client side. Its easy-to-read style and logical format make it ideal for classroom adoption, and students will benefit from the down-to-earth approach and real-world business examples. Key changes in the Fourth Edition include:* A better grounding in the role of media in an advertising and marketing plan today, with a new first chapter on the changing role of media planning in agencies today * Increased coverage of communication planning * Added focus on the importance of media strategy early on in the book through a new chapter * A new chapter on evaluating media vehicles, filled with up-to-date examples * Separate chapters for video and audio media (instead of lumping them together in broadcast). This creates a more in-depth discussion of radio in particular * A new chapter on search engine marketing and a thorough revision of the chapter on online display advertising to address the increased emphasis on digital media * A new chapter on gaming, and many new examples of the latest digital media, with an emphasis on social media, and a new framework for analyzing current and future social media * A new chapter on international advertising * A new chapter on campaign evaluation. An online instructor's manual with PowerPoint slides and sample test questions is available to adopters.
Effect of resveratrol administration on ovarian morphology, determined by transvaginal ultrasound in patients with PCOS

Background High rate of anovulation in PCOS is associated with lack of development a dominant follicle. Intake of resveratrol has been associated with improved ovarian morphology in vitro and in animal PCOS model, but this finding has not been confirmed in randomized trials.Methods We randomly assigned 41 patients with PCOS, but without evidence of major medical disorders and who was not taking confounding medications including insulin sensitizers and steroids to received 1000 mg capsules containing resveratrol or matching placebo daily for up to 3 months. Transvaginal ultrasound examination was used to evaluate ovarian morphology.Results Resveratrol therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with significantly higher rate of improvement in ovarian morphology (resveratrol group: 5 no polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), 8 bilateral and 6 unilateral and placebo group: 10 bilateral and 7 unilateral, (p= 0.02)). Women who received resveratrol had more dominant follicle than who received placebo with a significant reduction in ovarian volume (p<0.05). However, the number of antral follicles per ovary (FNPO) and stromal area were not significantly altered (P>0.05). Conclusions This study offered the novel therapeutic approach of resveratrol administration for PCOS women.
Down to the wire : studies in the diffusion and regulation of telecommunications technologies

In recent years, regulators and businesses have struggled to keep pace with an onslaught of new technologies that has dramatically changed the world's telecommunications networks. This book gathers together research intended for those who must grapple with these changes -- the people who must decide whether and how to deploy new telecommunications technologies, and those who must regulate the technologies. The research is divided into three sections focusing on the past, present and future of telecommunications innovations. The first section, Lessons from the Past, examines what lessons concerning adoption and regulation can be learned by studying the diffusion of recent telecommunications technologies. The second section, Decision Making with Respect to Diffusing Technologies, examines possible improvements to the decision-making processes used by companies and regulators in the face of limited information and dynamic markets. The final section, Public Policy and Future Diffusion, examines public policy implications for future technologies.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Forensic Odontology among Undergraduate Dental Students

Aim : The aim of the study is to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and practice of forensic odontology among undergraduate dental students. Methodology: The data was collected through a questionnaire which contained 15 close-ended questions shared through online platform. And circulated amongst undergraduate dental students through online platform, all data were completely filled and statistical analysis was done. Result: The results of this study show that Interns were the group with the most Knowledge about Forensic Odontology ( p =0.0004). 75% of the Interns scored >90 and contrastingly, around 30% of the IV, III, II and I years scored >90. Conclusion : This study divulges that there was adequate knowledge and awareness of forensic odontology amongst the Interns and very few of other group students (I, II, III and IVyear) have adequate knowledge and awareness regarding forensic odontology. Although the significance of maintenance of dental records are established, it has not been practiced among the students.
The Political Landscape of the U.S. Twitterverse

ABSTRACT Prior research suggests that Twitter users in the United States are more politically engaged and more partisan than the American citizenry, who are generally characterized by low levels of political knowledge and disinterest in political affairs. This study seeks to understand this disconnect by conducting an observational analysis of the most popular accounts on American Twitter. We identify opinion leaders by drawing random samples of ordinary American Twitter users and observing whom they follow. We estimate the ideological leaning and political relevance of these opinion leaders and crowdsource estimates of perceived ideology. We find little evidence that American Twitter is as politicized as it is made out to be, with politics and hard news outlets constituting a small subset of these opinion leaders. Ordinary Americans are significantly more likely to follow nonpolitical opinion leaders on Twitter than political opinion leaders. We find no evidence of polarization among these opinion leaders either. While a few political professional categories are more polarized than others, the overall polarization dissipates when we factor in the rate at which the opinion leaders tweet: a large number of vocal nonpartisan opinion leaders drowns out the partisan voices on the platform. Our results suggest that the degree to which Twitter is political has likely been overstated in the past. Our findings have implications about how we use Twitter and social media, in general, to represent public opinion in the United States.
ANALISIS SPASIAL DAN FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA CEDERA KEPALAAKIBAT KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS PADA PENGENDARA SEPEDA MOTORDI WILAYAH KABUPATEN SLEMAN

Backgground: Traffic accident is an incident that occurred when a vehicle collide another vehicle and may result in injury or death. Road accident constitudes a major worldwide health problem, every year, worldwide estimates 50 million people were injured or got disability and 1.2 million people were killed due to accidents. (WHO, 2004). Objective : To identify related factor in head injury due to accidents among motorcycle rider in Sleman Yogyakarta, and identify accident prone areas. Method : This research was case control study, the subjects were 208 samples consisted of 104 respondents in the case group, and 104 respondents in the control group. The study was conducted in Sardjito Hospital, RSUD Sleman, I and II PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, and Bethesda Hospital. The instruments were questionnaire and GPS for mapping. Data analysis used chi square and logistic regression. Result : The analysis showed that there were correlation between driving license ownership and head injury (p 0.002, OR:2,54) significantly, using SNI helmet (p 0.011, OR:2.07), using safety rope (p 0,000, OR:2,93), locking rope behaviour was the most influenced factor in head injury incident. There were some accidents prone location, and the most was Kaliurang street, there was a grouping case of accidents causing head injury which were on Kaliurang 3th-7th km street. Conclusion : There were correlations between using SNI helmet, using safety rope, driving license ownership with head injury incidency. There were level of density and clustering cases in Kaliurang street, especially in Kaliurang 3th-7th street.
Embracing Your Potential

The drive to be #1 in a professional field or on a playing field is a powerful source of motivation for many people. Others place a higher priority on becoming a better person. Embracing Your Potential explains how to achieve excellence and balance in both the public/performance and personal/experiential domains of life. Both inspirational and practical, Embracing Your Potential shares the wisdom of elite athletes, performers, and people in highly demanding jobs. The book also features 30 exercises that can help readers discover their essential needs and motives and make meaningful, lasting changes to enrich their lives and boost their performance.
Mound Breakwaters under Wave Attack

Research on rubble mound breakwaters when confronted with waves. The rapport covers the flow characteristics and mound stability under regular waves and under oblique wave attack. The authors find a formula for rough, permeable slopes, flow characteristics under the action of a regular wave train by a function of the type. Furthermore they conclude that the distribution of flow characteristics in sea state can be obtained on the basis of interaction curves and joint probability density function of wave heights and periods. The conclusions on the mound stability of breakwaters are: -Stability conditions of an undefined, rough, permeable slope are governed by the stability function. -The stability function depends only on Iribarren's number. -Randomness can be accounted for by using confidence bands for the stability function. -For each type of armour unit, an optimum slope of maximum stability exists. The greater the interlocking among armour units the steeper the optimum slope and the more peaked the stability maximum. -Given a rubble mound breakwater a minimum sea state exists which produces a significant failure probability. If a sea state is presented which is the same or higher than this minimum, failure of the structure is only a question of the duration of the sea state. Conclusions on the characteristics and stability of rubble mound breakwaters under oblique wave attack: -There is a dangerous lack of experimental data on the subject. -Run-up and run-down under small oblique incidence of waves (angle lower than 45 degrees) are function of Ir.cos(theta). For higher incidence angles the hypothesis is unreliable. -The stability of steep slopes under oblique wave attack is not worse than under perpendicular wave incidence. For milder slopes the opposite may be true. -The failure of probability of a rubble mound breakwater under a sea state with oblique incidence, can be calculated by taking into account the breaking limit, the interaction curve and a joint distribution of wave heights and periods.