Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of the Microbial Community Structures Between Healthy and Anthracnose-Infected Strawberry Rhizosphere Soils Using Illumina Sequencing Technology in Yunnan Province, Southwest of China

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. was widespread in recent years and resulted in great damage to strawberry production. Soil microbial communities were key contributors to host nutrition, development, and immunity; however, the difference between the microbial communities of healthy and anthracnose-infected strawberry rhizosphere soils remains unclear. In this study, the Illumina sequencing technique was used to comparatively study the prokaryotic and fungal community compositions and structures between healthy and anthracnose-infected strawberry rhizosphere soils in Yuxi, Yunnan Province. Both microbial community diversities and richness of anthracnose-infected strawberry rhizosphere soils were higher than those of healthy strawberry rhizosphere soils. A total of 2,518 prokaryotic and 556 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained at the 97% similarity threshold. Proteobacteria, Thaumarchaeota, and Acidobacteria were the dominant prokaryotic phyla; Ascomycota, unclassified_k__Fungi, and Mortierellomycota were the dominant fungal phyla. The relative abundances of beneficial bacterial phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, genera Streptomyces, Azospirillum, and Bacillus were significantly reduced in anthracnose-infected strawberry rhizosphere soils; the relative abundance of beneficial fungal species Trichoderma asperellum shows a similar tendency with bacterial abundance. Besides Colletotrichum, 15 other potential fungal pathogen genera and seven fungal pathogen species were identified; among the potential pathogen genera and species, eight pathogen genera and Fusarium oxysporum showed significant differences between healthy and anthracnose-infected strawberry rhizosphere soils. The results suggested that strawberry planted in this area may be infected by other fungal pathogens except for Colletotrichum spp. Our present research will provide theoretical basis and data reference for the isolation and identification of strawberry pathogens and potential probiotics in future works.
Effects of Residential Environment and Lifestyle on Atopic Eczema Among Preschool Children in Shenzhen, China

Eczema, one of the most prevalent inflammatory skin diseases among children, is potentially influenced by genetic, environmental and social factors. However, few studies have investigated the effect of residential environment and lifestyle on childhood eczema. Therefore, this study conducted a cross-sectional study based on 2,781 preschool children in Shenzhen, China, during 2015–2016. Logistic regression models were employed to analyze the associations between residential/household environment, lifestyle, dietary habits and eczema in children. The prevalence of eczema among children in Shenzhen was 24.6%. Significant associations (increased odds >50%, P < 0.05) were found between childhood eczema and the factors of using composite wood floors (adjusted OR = 1.777 for doctor-diagnosed eczema, 1.911 for eczema-like symptoms), living in a villa/townhouse (aOR = 3.102, 2.156), the presence of mold or damp stains in the child's room (aOR = 1.807, 2.279), and rarely cleaning the child's room (aOR = 1.513, 1.540). In addition, watching TV/playing computer games for more than one hour per day was significantly associated with eczema (aOR = 1.172, 1.174). Notably, we found that eating rice/pasta one to three times per week may elevate the risk of eczema-like symptoms (aOR = 1.343), which warrants further investigation. In addition, ambient air pollution, in the covariates, may also affect childhood eczema. Therefore, avoiding these adverse factors and creating a low-risk environment are crucial to prevent childhood eczema.
A Novel GMP Protocol to Produce High-Quality Treg Cells From the Pediatric Thymic Tissue to Be Employed as Cellular Therapy

Due to their suppressive capacity, the adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells (Treg) has acquired a growing interest in controlling exacerbated inflammatory responses. Limited Treg recovery and reduced quality remain the main obstacles in most current protocols where differentiated Treg are obtained from adult peripheral blood. An alternate Treg source is umbilical cord blood, a promising source of Treg cells due to the higher frequency of naïve Treg and lower frequency of memory T cells present in the fetus’ blood. However, the Treg number isolated from cord blood remains limiting. Human thymuses routinely discarded during pediatric cardiac surgeries to access the retrosternal operative field has been recently proposed as a novel source of Treg for cellular therapy. This strategy overcomes the main limitations of current Treg sources, allowing the obtention of very high numbers of undifferentiated Treg. We have developed a novel good manufacturing practice (GMP) protocol to obtain large Treg amounts, with very high purity and suppressive capacity, from the pediatric thymus (named hereafter thyTreg). The total amount of thyTreg obtained at the end of the procedure, after a short-term culture of 7 days, reach an average of 1,757 x106 (range 50 x 106 – 13,649 x 106) cells from a single thymus. The thyTreg product obtained with our protocol shows very high viability (mean 93.25%; range 83.35% – 97.97%), very high purity (mean 92.89%; range 70.10% – 98.41% of CD25+FOXP3+ cells), stability under proinflammatory conditions and a very high suppressive capacity (inhibiting in more than 75% the proliferation of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in vitro at a thyTreg:responder cells ratio of 1:1). Our thyTreg product has been approved by the Spanish Drug Agency (AEMPS) to be administered as cell therapy. We are recruiting patients in the first-in-human phase I/II clinical trial worldwide that evaluates the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of autologous thyTreg administration in children undergoing heart transplantation (NCT04924491). The high quality and amount of thyTreg and the differential features of the final product obtained with our protocol allow preparing hundreds of doses from a single thymus with improved therapeutic properties, which can be cryopreserved and could open the possibility of an “off-the-shelf” allogeneic use in another individual.
Hydrogen Peroxide Variation Patterns as Abiotic Stress Responses of Egeria densa

In vegetation management, understanding the condition of submerged plants is usually based on long-term growth monitoring. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulate in organelles under environmental stress and are highly likely to be indicators of a plant’s condition. However, this depends on the period of exposure to environmental stress, as environmental conditions are always changing in nature. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the most common ROS in organelles. The responses of submerged macrophytes, Egeria densa, to high light and iron (Fe) stressors were investigated by both laboratory experiments and natural river observation. Plants were incubated with combinations of 30–200 μmol m–2 s–1 of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity and 0–10 mg L–1 Fe concentration in the media. We have measured H2O2, photosynthetic pigment concentrations, chlorophyll a (Chl-a), chlorophyll b (Chl-b), carotenoid (CAR), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) concentrations of leaf tissues, the antioxidant activity of catalase (CAT), ascorbic peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), the maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv Fm–1), and the shoot growth rate (SGR). The H2O2 concentration gradually increased with Fe concentration in the media, except at very low concentrations and at an increased PAR intensity. However, with extremely high PAR or Fe concentrations, first the chlorophyll contents and then the H2O2 concentration prominently declined, followed by SGR, the maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv Fm–1), and antioxidant activities. With an increasing Fe concentration in the substrate, the CAT and APX antioxidant levels decreased, which led to an increase in H2O2 accumulation in the plant tissues. Moreover, increased POD activity was proportionate to H2O2 accumulation, suggesting the low-Fe independent nature of POD. Diurnally, H2O2 concentration varies following the PAR variation. However, the CAT and APX antioxidant activities were delayed, which increased the H2O2 concentration level in the afternoon compared with the level in morning for the same PAR intensities. Similar trends were also obtained for the natural river samples where relatively low light intensity was preferable for growth. Together with our previous findings on macrophyte stress responses, these results indicate that H2O2 concentration is a good indicator of environmental stressors and could be used instead of long-term growth monitoring in macrophyte management.
The Effect of Virtual Human Rendering Style on User Perceptions of Visual Cues

Introduction: Virtual humans have expanded the training opportunities available to healthcare learners. Particularly, virtual humans have allowed simulation to display visual cues that were not previously possible in other forms of healthcare training. However, the effect of virtual human fidelity on the perception of visual cues is unclear. Therefore, we explore the effect of virtual human rendering style on the perceptions of visual cues in a healthcare context. Methods: To explore the effect of rendering style on visual cues, we created a virtual human interface that allows users to interact with virtual humans that feature different rendering styles. We performed a mixed design user study that had undergraduate healthcare students (n = 107) interact with a virtual patient. The interaction featured a patient experiencing an allergic reaction and required trainees to identify visual cues (patient symptoms). The rendering styles explored include a 3D modeled virtual human and an AI generated photorealistic virtual human. Visual cues were applied using a Snapchat Lens. Results: When users are given a frame of reference (users could directly compare symptoms on both rendering styles), they rated the realism and severity of the photorealistic virtual human’s symptoms significantly higher than the realism of the 3D virtual human’s symptoms. However, we were unable to find significant differences in symptom realism and severity ratings when users were not given a frame of reference (users only interacted with one style of virtual humans). Additionally, we were unable to find significant differences in user interpersonal communication behaviors between the 3D and photorealistic rendering styles. Conclusion: Our findings suggest 1) higher fidelity rendering styles may be preferred if the learning objectives of a simulation require observing subtle visual cues on virtual humans and 2) the realism of virtual human rendering style does not necessarily affect participants’ interpersonal communication behaviors (time spent, questions asked).
The Osteoinductivity of Calcium Phosphate-Based Biomaterials: A Tight Interaction With Bone Healing

Calcium phosphate (CaP)-based bioceramics are the most widely used synthetic biomaterials for reconstructing damaged bone. Accompanied by bone healing process, implanted materials are gradually degraded while bone ultimately returns to its original geometry and function. In this progress report, we reviewed the complex and tight relationship between the bone healing response and CaP-based biomaterials, with the emphasis on the in vivo degradation mechanisms of such material and their osteoinductive properties mediated by immune responses, osteoclastogenesis and osteoblasts. A deep understanding of the interaction between biological healing process and biomaterials will optimize the design of CaP-based biomaterials, and further translate into effective strategies for biomaterials customization.
Parametric Design of Hip Implant With Gradient Porous Structure

Patients who has been implanted with hip implant usually undergo revision surgery. The reason is that high stiff implants would cause non-physiological distribution loadings, which is also known as stress shielding, and finally lead to bone loss and aseptic loosening. Titanium implants are widely used in human bone tissues; however, the subsequent elastic modulus mismatch problem has become increasingly serious, and can lead to stress-shielding effects. This study aimed to develop a parametric design methodology of porous titanium alloy hip implant with gradient elastic modulus, and mitigate the stress-shielding effect. Four independent adjustable dimensions of the porous structure were parametrically designed, and the Kriging algorithm was used to establish the mapping relationship between the four adjustable dimensions and the porosity, surface-to-volume ratio, and elastic modulus. Moreover, the equivalent stress on the surface of the femur was optimized by response surface methodology, and the optimal gradient elastic modulus of the implant was obtained. Finally, through the Kriging approximation model and optimization results of the finite element method, the dimensions of each segment of the porous structure that could effectively mitigate the stress-shielding effect were determined. Experimental results demonstrated that the parameterized design method of the porous implant with gradient elastic modulus proposed in this study increased the strain value on the femoral surface by 17.1% on average. Consequently, the stress-shielding effect of the femoral tissue induced by the titanium alloy implant was effectively mitigated. Graphical Abstract
MRI-Based Risk Assessment for Incomplete Resection of Brain Metastases

Object Recent studies demonstrated that gross total resection of brain metastases cannot always be achieved. Subtotal resection (STR) can result in an early recurrence and might affect patient survival. We initiated a prospective observational study to establish a MRI-based risk assessment for incomplete resection of brain metastases. Methods All patients in whom ≥1 brain metastasis was resected were prospectively included in this study (DRKS ID: DRKS00021224; Nov 2020 – Nov 2021). An interdisciplinary board of neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists evaluated the pre- and postoperative MRI (≤48h after surgery) for residual tumor. Extensive neuroradiological analyses were performed to identify risk factors for an unintended STR which were integrated into a regression tree analysis to determine the patients’ individual risk for a STR. Results We included 150 patients (74 female; mean age: 61 years), in whom 165 brain metastases were resected. A STR was detected in 32 cases (19.4%) (median residual tumor volume: 1.36ml, median EORrel: 93.6%), of which 6 (3.6%) were intended STR (median residual tumor volume: 3.27ml, median EORrel: 67.3%) - mainly due to motor-eloquent location - and 26 (15.8%) were unintended STR (uSTR) (median residual tumor volume: 0.64ml, median EORrel: 94.7%). The following risk factors for an uSTR could be identified: subcortical metastasis ≥5mm distant from cortex, diffuse contrast agent enhancement, proximity to the ventricles, contact to falx/tentorium and non-transcortical approaches. Regression tree analysis revealed that the individual risk for an uSTR was mainly associated to the distance from the cortex (distance ≥5mm vs. <5mm: OR 8.0; 95%CI: 2.7 – 24.4) and the contrast agent patterns (diffuse vs. non-diffuse in those with distance ≥5mm: OR: 4.2; 95%CI: 1.3 – 13.7). The preoperative tumor volume was not substantially associated with the extent of resection. Conclusions Subcortical metastases ≥5mm distant from cortex with diffuse contrast agent enhancement showed the highest incidence of uSTR. The proposed MRI-based assessment allows estimation of the individual risk for uSTR and can help indicating intraoperative imaging.
Sea cucumbers: a Malaysian heritage

This book was written with the specific objective of addressing the information deficiency on sea cucumbers and gamat found in Malaysian coastal waters. Most of the data presented here are based on the results of scientific studies and publications by the author together with other researchers and students under his supervision either directly or indirectly. They are also the fruits of hardship that the writer experienced during his journey of discovery, which began with his initial study of holothuroids in Sabah in early 1983. The author raises the problem of confusion in species identification and suggets several new methods in order to resolve it. The book also discusses the involvement of sea cucumber and gamat-based industries including suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors in efforts to highlight the benefits of this marine creature as a food source and therapeutic ingredients. The development of such industries will definitely support local fisherman by providing them with extra sources of income apart from creating valuable job opportunities for other groups. The author, who is a consultant for one of the companies involved, also describes some of the difficulties faced by producers. It is the author's hope that this small book will be useful to researchers, related agencies, as well as sea cucumber and gamat producers and manufacturers in a concerted endeavour industries related to this natural marine heritage.
Embedding in Shawi narrations: A quantitative analysis of embedding in a post-colonial Amazonian

In this article, we provide the ﬁ rst quantitative account of the frequent use of embedding in Shawi, a Kawapanan language spoken in Peruvian Northwestern Amazonia. We collected a corpus of ninety-two Frog Stories (Mayer 1969) from three different ﬁ eld sites in 2015 and 2016. Using the glossed corpus as our data, we conducted a generalised mixed model analysis, where we predicted the use of embedding with several macrosocial variables, such as gender, age, and education level. We show that bilingualism (Amazonian Spanish-Shawi) and education, mostly restricted by complex gender differences in Shawi communities, play a signi ﬁ cant role in the establishment of linguistic preferences in narration. Moreover, we argue that the use of embedding re ﬂ ects the impact of the mestizo 1 society from
Measurement of the Quality of Financial Accounting Information Systems through Top Management Support and Leadership Effectiveness

: Researchers previously conducted research on top management support and leadership and in information systems. This study aims to examine the influence of top management support and effective leadership on the quality of financial accounting information system. Surveys are conducted on 270 respondents in 76 ministries and institutions of the Republic of Indonesia. The respondents are the users of financial accounting information systems. Data is collected by using questionnaires. For data analysis we applied the SEM-PLS Software. The results indicate that top management support and effective leadership have significant influence on quality of financial accounting information system.
CORE PHYSICS CHARACTERISTICS AND ISSUES FOR THE ADVANCED HIGH-TEMPERATURE REACTOR (AHTR)

Graphite-coated nuclear fuel has traditionally been used for high-temperature reactors that are cooled with high-pressure helium gas. A next-generation, high-temperature reactor concept is being developed that utilizes the same graphite-coated fuel and graphite moderator as helium-cooled reactors, but uses low-pressure liquid fluoride salt as the primary coolant. The Advanced High-Temperature Reactor (AHTR) combines attractive features of gas-cooled reactor fuel, liquid-salt reactor coolant, and liquid-metal-cooled facility design to yield a reactor concept with exceptional safety and economic features. A physics viability study for the AHTR was completed recently, which concluded that there are no fundamental physics barriers with the concept. The study also identified a number of engineering challenges and future research and development needs. As part of the viability study, an initial analysis of the reactor core physics performance was performed, including coolant reactivity effects, fuel burnup cycle length, and transient behaviors. Considerable attention was given to the coolant void reactivity feedback effects, which are highly dependent on salt composition and core geometry. The coolant void coefficient ranges from negative for lighter element salts such as lithium fluoride and beryllium fluoride, to substantially positive for heavier element salts such as sodium fluoride and zirconium fluoride. Due to the large thermal inertial of the graphite-moderated core and coolant pool, and the excellent passive decay heat removal characteristics of the system, temperature transients appear to be very slow and relatively benign. Detailed results of the physics analyses and future development needs will be presented.
Effects of a Ceiling Fan Ventilation System and THI on Young Limousin Bulls’ Social Behaviour

Simple Summary Natural and anthropogenic factors have accelerated climate change. The frequency and intensity of summer heat waves with hot temperature and high humidity are increasing in temperate regions due to global warming. Heat might be very stressful for beef cattle reared in intensive indoor systems, impairing their health and welfare, and practical solutions should be developed and tested for its mitigation. The ceiling fans used in this study are able to slightly modify Limousin beef cattle behaviour, suggesting potential positive effects on animal welfare when ventilation systems are used during the whole heat stress period. Indeed, the number of hours with high temperature humidity index values could determine cumulated stress mainly modifying the animals’ behaviour. Abstract The study investigated the relationship between the temperature humidity index (THI) and the behaviour of 24 young fattening Limousin bulls reared in two farms in Tuscany, Italy. In each farm, six animals were undergone to ceiling fans (switched on at THI values up to 72), and six animals represented the control group. The trial lasted three days for two consecutive weeks in August 2020. Behavioural observations were conducted using scan sampling technique and eating, ruminating, drinking, resting and other social activities were registered every 5 min, from 9.30 am to 4.00 pm. Two different microclimatic conditions were evaluated to assess the effect of the ventilation system: normal (THI < 78) and alert (THI ≥ 78) conditions. Results showed that the ventilation system had significant effects increasing inactivity and lying down compared to control groups and decreasing eating and drinking activities. THI alert condition caused a significant decrease in eating and an increase in lying down behaviours. Ventilation system did not influence the animals’ cleanliness. The ceiling fans’ efficiency in changing the behaviour of young fattening bulls was demonstrated but further studies are needed to assess the ventilation system effects, especially during longer heat stress periods.