Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of preparation method and roasting temperature on total polyphenol content in coffee beverages

We evaluated the differences in total polyphenol content (TPC) of beverages prepared by three methods (Hario V60, espresso and pour-over coffee) using single-origin beans roasted at four temperatures. The beans were roasted based on the degree of roasting: the lightest roasting had a final temperature of 204 °C (first roasting), a slightly darker roasting had a final temperature of 205 °C (second roasting), a dark roasting had a final temperature of 215 °C (third roasting) and the darkest roasting had a final temperature of 220 °C (fourth roasting). TPC in the beverage was highest for the Hario V60 for all temperatures, ranging from 32.0 to 46.8 mg GAE g–1 (gallic acid equivalent per 1 g of ground beans). The third roasting had the highest TPC, ranging from 34.6 to 46.8 mg GAE g–1 for all methods of preparation, whereas the content for the fourth roasting ranged from 28.6 to 32.3 mg GAE g–1. Our results indicated that the differences in TPC in the beverage depended on the preparation method (P < 0.001) and the degree of roasting (P < 0.001). The most nutritional coffee was prepared using the Hario V60 with the third roasting.
Analytic Representation of the Optimal Flow for Gravity Irrigation

The aim of this study is the deduction of an analytic representation of the optimal irrigation flow depending on the border length, hydrodynamic properties, and soil moisture constants, with high values of the coefficient of uniformity. In order not to be limited to the simplified models, the linear relationship of the numerical simulation with the hydrodynamic model, formed by the coupled equations of Barre de Saint-Venant and Richards, was established. Sample records for 10 soil types of contrasting texture were used and were applied to three water depths. On the other hand, the analytical representation of the linear relationship using the Parlange theory of infiltration proposed for integrating the differential equation of one-dimensional vertical infiltration was established. The obtained formula for calculating the optimal unitary discharge is a function of the border strip length, the net depth, the characteristic infiltration parameters (capillary forces, sorptivity, and gravitational forces), the saturated hydraulic conductivity, and a shape parameter of the hydrodynamic characteristics. The good accordance between the numerical and analytical results allows us to recommend the formula for the design of gravity irrigation.
Forecasts of Hurricanes Using Large-Ensemble Outputs

This paper describes the development of a model framework for Forecasts of Hurricanes Using Large-Ensemble Outputs (FHLO). FHLO quantifies the forecast uncertainty of a tropical cyclone (TC) by generating probabilistic forecasts of track, intensity, and wind speed that incorporate the state-dependent uncertainty in the large-scale field. The main goal is to provide useful probabilistic forecasts of wind at fixed points in space, but these require large ensembles [O(1000)] to flesh out the tails of the distributions. FHLO accomplishes this by using a computationally inexpensive framework, which consists of three components: 1) a track model that generates synthetic tracks from the TC tracks of an ensemble numerical weather prediction (NWP) model, 2) an intensity model that predicts the intensity along each synthetic track, and 3) a TC wind field model that estimates the time-varying two-dimensional surface wind field. The intensity and wind field of a TC evolve as though the TC were embedded in a time-evolving environmental field, which is derived from the forecast fields of ensemble NWP models. Each component of the framework is evaluated using 1000-member ensembles and four years (2015–18) of TC forecasts in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific basins. We show that the synthetic track algorithm generates tracks that are statistically similar to those of the underlying global ensemble models. We show that FHLO produces competitive intensity forecasts, especially when considering probabilistic verification statistics. We also demonstrate the reliability and accuracy of the probabilistic wind forecasts. Limitations of the model framework are also discussed.
Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate Sources on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Abalone (Haliotis discus, Reeve)

ABSTRACT A 16-wk feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of different types of dietary carbohydrate on growth and body composition of juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus). A total of 1,680 abalone were randomly distributed among 24 containers (70 per container) and fed one of eight diets, including seven experimental diets containing different types of carbohydrates, including dextrin (DT), glucose (GC), corn starch (CS), α-cellulose (CL), maltose (MT), sucrose (SC), and wheat flour (WF), and Undaria to compare effect of experimental diets. Water stability of the diets was measured 12, 24, and 48 h after seawater immersion. Water stability of the diets was different over all periods of time and their significant interaction was also observed. Survival was not significantly affected by diet. Weight gain and specific growth rate were greatest in abalone fed on the CL diet. Shell length, width, height, and soft body weight were greatest in abalone fed the CL diet, followed by the WF, DT, SC, CS, GC, and MT diets and Undaria. Weight gain, specific growth rate, crude protein, and crude lipid contents of the soft body of abalone fed on the experimental diets were greater than those fed on Undaria. This study shows that CL is the most effective carbohydrate source for improving growth of this species of juvenile abalone and practically applicable in formulating abalone feed.
Heritage in lockdown: digital provision of memory institutions in the UK and US of America during the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT As the impact of COVID-19 emerged in early 2020 and physical movement was restricted as a public health measure, digital media consumption behaviour changed dramatically. The accelerated move to online consumption increased the urgency for memory institutions such as museums to introduce new ways to digitally experience cultural collections. This research aimed to understand how memory institutions adapted during COVID-19 lockdowns by surveying the existing and novel digital resources that enabled access to cultural heritage organizations. The research was conducted during the UK lockdown period (April–July 2020) when we collected and analysed data from 83 heritage institutions in the UK and in the USA regarding the number, type, format, intended audience and intended aims of digital engagement opportunities they offered. The analysis evidences how different types of memory institutions responded to social need during the lockdown by supporting online visitors with resources such as educational material, live events and creative activities, and highlights where museums have acted effectively and where changed approaches are indicated.
Localization and function of small protein subunits of the cyanobacterial Photosystem II complex

The Photosystem II complex (PSII) contains besides D1, D2, CP43, CP47 and several lumenal extrinsic proteins also a large number of small intrinsic subunits. These subunits are found in all kinds of oxygenic phototrophs and their sequences are usually highly conserved. It is assumed that the small subunits are involved in stabilization, assembly or dimerization of the PSII complex but their exact function remains largely unknown. Thus, we chose four small PSII proteins: cytochrome b-559, PsbH, PsbI and Psb28, and we studied their function and location in PSII of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. We attempted: (i) to better define the role of cyt b-559 in the assembly of PSII using various mutant strains lacking one or more PSII core protein subunits; (ii) to clarify the location of the PsbH subunit using NTA gold labelling methodology; (iii) to improve the available knowledge on function of the PsbI protein in the assembly and repair of the cyanobacterial PSII; and (iv) to confirm the presence of the Psb28 protein in PSII, to localize it and to establish its importance for the cyanobacterial PSII.
Effect of overexpression of activating transcription factor 3 on biological behaviors of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) has been identified as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer, which encourages further studies to validate the exact role of ATF3 in colorectal cancer development and progression. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of ATF3 overexpression on biological behaviors of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. A stable ATF3-overexpressed HCT116 cell line was established by transfecting HCT116 cells with lentivirus carrying a full-length of ATF3. Cell proliferation was measured with MTS and colony-formation assays, and cell migration and invasion was detected using Transwell migration/invasion assays. In addition, a sphere-forming assay was performed to assess the cancer-initiation capacity, while the gene and protein expression was quantified with qRT-PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry. ATF3 overexpression was found to suppress proliferation, migration and invasion of HCT116 cells as compared with the control cells, while down-regulation of Survivin and PCNA expression was detected in HCT116 cells at both translational and transcriptional levels, and a reduction was measured in the CyclinD1 protein expression in HCT116 cells overexpressing ATF3 than in the control cells. In addition, MMP2 and MMP9 expression was found to be down-regulated in HCT116 cells overexpressing ATF3 at both translational and transcriptional levels, and Western blotting detected up-regulation of TIMP-2 and TIMP-1 expression in HCT116 cells overexpressing ATF3 relative to the control cells. Overexpression of ATF3 resulted in reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as revealed by changes of cell morphology and altered expression of E-cadherin, Snail, Slug and Twist. Most importantly, ATF3-overexpressed HCT117 cells produced less and smaller spheres as compared with the control cells. The expression of multiple markers associated with colorectal cancer-initiation including CD24, CD133, CD166, EpCAM, EZH2 and ID1 were down-regulated in HCT116 cells overexpressing ATF3 at both translational and transcriptional levels, while lower β-catenin protein expression was detected in ATF3-overexpressed HCT116 cells relative to the control cells. The results of this study demonstrate that ATF3 overexpression inhibits colorectal cancer progression and suggest that ATF3 exhibits antitumor activity through reversing EMT and impairing cancer-initiation ability.
The nature of specific and nonspecific stimulatory effects by glycerol teichoic acid on rat and mouse splenocytes

3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part o f the material being photo­ graphed the photographer has follow ed a definite m ethod in “sectioning” the material. It is custom ary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner o f a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until com plete.
Superpixel Based Hierarchical Segmentation for Color Image

SUMMARY In this letter, we propose a hierarchical segmentation (HS) method for color images, which can not only maintain the segmentation accuracy, but also ensure a good speed. In our method, HS adopts the fuzzy simple linear iterative clustering (Fuzzy SLIC) to obtain an over-segmentation result. Then, HS uses the fast fuzzy C-means clustering (FFCM) to produce the rough segmentation result based on superpixels. Finally, HS takes the non-iterative K-means clustering using priority queue (KPQ) to reﬁne the segmentation result. In the validation experiments, we tested our method and compared it with state-of-the-art image segmentation methods on the Berkeley (BSD500) benchmark under di ﬀ erent types of noise. The experiment results show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques in terms of accuracy, speed and robustness.
A new species of Olopachys Berlese (Acari: Pachylaelapidae) from Iran with a key to the world species

ABSTRACT A new species, Olopachys masani sp. nov. (Mesostigmata: Pachylaelapidae), is described based on adult female and male specimens collected from soil in Guilan province, northern Iran. Two identification keys are provided, one for all known species of Olopachys, and the other for species recorded from Iran. Collection details for pachylaelapid mites associated with citrus orchards in Guilan province Iran are also provided. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A6C51443-0B15-4DC3-A428-A3E247306990
Fertility parameters and Ca:P ratio of postpartum surti buffaloes having inactive ovaries.

Total 18 post-partum acyclic buffaloes were randomly divided into three equal groups consisting 6 surti buffaloes in each group viz., T 1 , T 2 and control (T 3 ) group. The buffaloes in T 1 group were treated with 5ml of inj. Buserelin acetate (20 μg, GnRH analogue, I/M route); the buffaloes in T 2 group were treated with 5ml of inj. Buserelin acetate (20 μg, GnRH analogue, I/M route) + [inj. Vit. AD 3 E preparation (5 ml, I/M route) + inj. Toldimphos sodium preparation (15 ml, I/M route)] and the buffaloes in T 3 group were kept as anoestrus control. Number of animals responded to the treatment were 6, 6 and 4 in T 1 , T 2 and control (T 3 ) groups, respectively. The service period and treatment to oestrus induction interval and conception rate of the inactive ovarian condition of surti buffaloes in T 1 (71.17±4.42; 12.67±1.11days and 100%) and T 2 (70.83±3.80; 12.33±1.11 days and 100%) treatment groups differed significantly (p<0.05) from T 3 control (94.50±5.43; 30.75±3.95 days and 66.66 %) groups. It was observed that service period in the GnRH treated (T 1 and T 2 ) groups has been minimized up to 23 to 24 days i.e. one cycle earlier in treatment groups than that of control (T 3 ) group. However, slightly lower service period and oestrus induction interval in days was found in T 2 group as compared to T 1 group, which might be attributed to the influence of exogenous inorganic phosphorus and vitamins along with GnRH given to the animals in T 2 group. The serum Ca:P ratio of acyclic surti buffaloes under study in different treatment and control groups at different time intervals was found to be ranging from 1.61:1 to 1.72:1. The ratio of serum Ca:P should be between 1.5:1 and 2.5:1 for efficient reproduction in dairy bovines.
Cross-State Comparison of Income and Vehicle-Ownership Effects on Household Mobility

The study investigated the effects of income and vehicle ownership on household mobility (measured as trip frequency, miles traveled, and transit use) across states on the basis of the 2017 National Household Travel Survey. Bayesian multilevel (or random-effect) regression models were developed to include state-policy variables and overcome the concern of small sample sizes in some household strata. The analysis results indicated that household income levels were positively associated with vehicle ownership and mobility; however, extremely high-income households were not necessarily more likely than high-income households to own more vehicles. Owning at least one vehicle was the norm for most households, except under two conditions: when the household income was extremely low or when the state transit level of service (LOS) was high. Moreover, states with a high transit LOS exhibited similar household mobility as long as households had similar income levels and vehicle ownership rates; by contrast, household mobility in states with a low transit LOS was relatively varied. Fully equipped (at least one vehicle per driver) and car-light households (having more drivers than vehicles) exhibited a similar trip frequency number; however, the vehicle miles traveled of car-light households were significantly shorter, especially in states with a high transit LOS. These results suggest that the mobility benefits of being fully equipped are more limited than we had anticipated. Transit services can affect household vehicle ownership and mobility only when being provided above a certain LOS.
The fauna of freshwater calanoid copepods in Japan in the early decades of the 21st Century: Implications for the assessment and conservation of biodiversity

In copepods, morphologically‐indistinguishable but genetically‐different cryptic species complexes are frequently found, such as the Acanthodiaptomus pacificus complex that is commonly found in Japanese lakes and ponds. In the present study, the fauna of Japanese freshwater calanoid copepods were extensively reexamined using molecular techniques, and the autecology of each calanoid species was deduced based on the molecular identifications. Specimens were collected throughout Japan, identified by their morphological diagnostic characteristics, and then sequenced for the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mtCOI). In total, 13 species were found in the present study, and in most cases, only one species was collected from each waterbody. The A. pacificus complex occurred not only in high mountain lakes and pools of mountain moors but also in water bodies on low‐altitude plains. The occurrence of the other species was restricted to low‐altitude waterbodies, which were mostly man‐made irrigation ponds. Heliodiaptomus nipponicus and Neutrodiaptomus formosus, which are endemic to Japan, were found only in irrigation ponds, indicating that artificial waterbodies are currently indispensable to maintain the diversity of Japanese freshwater zooplankton. The results of mtCOI sequencing revealed the existence of putative cryptic species complexes such as Neutrodiaptomus formosus in Japan, and Neodiaptomus schmackeri, Sinodiaptomus sarsi, Heliodiaptomus kikuchii, and Eurytemora affinis across their Asian range. It is thus strongly recommended that any outcome of the freshwater zooplankton monitoring programs always be supplemented with DNA sequences in order to render that outcome sound and reliable also for future studies.
TED-TALK: A SUPPLEMENT MATERIAL TO PROMOTE STUDENTS’ AUTONOMY IN LISTENING

This paper explores the use of TED (technology, Entertainment, and Design) Talk in promoting students’ learning autonomy and enhancing English learners’ listening skill, especially in ESL. This research uses mixed method; qualitative descriptive to find out students learning autonomy and students’ perception on the use of TED-Talk, and quantitative descriptive to find out students’ listening score improvement. The respondents of the study are students who were taking the English for Business course even semester of the 2019/2020 academic year at the Indonesian Technocrat University (UTI). The data were gathered through questionnaires and test. The results show that students’ learning autonomy is increasing in terms of learner control, critical reflection, motivation, and information literacy. By using TED-Talk, it is also shown that students’ listening score is increasing even though just slightly. Furthermore, it is found that students’ perception toward the use of TED-Talk is also positive. It gives the good implication in the future that they will continue using it as their additional learning material in listening. The consistence of students’ autonomy in learning will significantly improve students’s comprehension level. Keywords: autonomy, listening, students’ perception, supplement materials, TED-talks
A Typological Concept to Predict the Nitrogen Release from Organic Fertilizers in Farming Systems

The prediction of nitrogen (N) mineralization or immobilization in organic fertilizers is an important tool to optimize fertilizer use, especially in intensive agricultural systems. Our aim was to derive a model to predict the N mineralization/immobilization from readily available information on the properties of organic fertilizers in farming practice. On the basis of a literature review, a characterization of organic fertilizers was performed, revealing a large variance in fertilizer properties within the defined categories and subcategories. A partial linear model was derived and used for the prediction of N mineralization/immobilization based on the type of fertilizer and the carbon (C) to organic nitrogen (Norg) ratio. Depending on the previously defined category, a strong mineralization (e.g., plant- and animal-based commercial fertilizers) or a predominant immobilization (e.g., compost and slurries) was detected. For a total of seven main categories and their subcategories, individual models were developed. This work shows that the mineralization properties of organic fertilizers can be sufficiently predicted through a simple classification into a fertilizer category and through the C to Norg ratio.
A Compact Four Transistor CMOS-Design of a Floating Memristor for Adaptive Spiking Neural Networks and Corresponding Self-X Sensor Electronics to Industry 4.0

Abstract In this work we present, in the context of the transition from amplitude to robust spike domain sensing and electronics, a floating memristor. It can be used to construct memristor SNNs used for noise-robust conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion and manufactured using leading-edge technologies with more ’cranky’ devices, low-voltage, low power, and minimal area on-chip. Also, this supports both machine learning as well as the self-x properties in advanced sensor electronics system for industry 4.0. The proposed memristor has less design complexity and a higher number of resistance levels as compared to other existing memristors. The proposed CMOS memristor is designed using AMS 0.35 μm CMOS technology and Cadence design tools. Its layout occupies an area of 70 μm × 85 μm. The simulation shows the performance of the proposed floating memristor emulator in the temperature range (-40 °C to 85 °C) and Monte-Carlo simulation.
Performing the ‘good tenant’

Abstract Renters in homeowner societies like Australia, the United States and United Kingdom occupy a complex moral landscape, maligned for failure to achieve homeownership but pivotal to the value of investment properties. Identification of ‘good’ and ‘risky’ tenants is an important landlord practice. We investigate how tenants conceptualise and perform the ‘good tenant’ through research with 36 single older women renting in greater Sydney, Australia: a cohort on the margins of secure housing. The good tenant demonstrates responsibility through paying rent on time and property stewardship (reporting repairs, making home). However, these practices are made necessary and risky through limited tenure security. The emotional and financial risks attending performances of the good tenant drive paradoxical relations; a good tenant is also acquiescent and silent, not reporting property repairs or lapsed leases to avoid rent increases and/or evictions. Variegated performances of the ‘good tenant’ reflect cultural property norms and valorize the investment function of housing yet could also productively unsettle tenant-landlord relations.