Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Association Between School Choice and Racial/Ethnic Test Score Gaps at the District Level

The rapid expansion of charter and magnet schools is restructuring public education in the United States. Most school choice research examines the implications of choice on a localized level and the findings are mixed; in some districts, school choice improves education equity while in others it intensifies inequity. Varied findings at the local level warrant macro-level research to understand broader trends in the relationship between school choice and achievement disparities. This study examines associations between district-level charter and magnet school enrollment and white-black and white-Hispanic test score gaps from 2008-09 to 2014-15 in third through eighth grade using data from the Stanford Education Data Archive (Reardon et al., 2018) and the U.S. Department of Education’s Common Core of Data (2017). This study also examines the indirect effects of district-level white-black and white-Hispanic segregation on these associations. The most robust findings indicate that district-level charter school enrollment is associated with larger white-black test score gaps and this effect is mediated by white-black segregation. The findings also suggest that there is a significant association between magnet school enrollment and larger white-Hispanic test score gaps at the district level, but this association is not mediated by white-Hispanic segregation. Overall, this study provides critical information about macro-level associations between school choice, segregation, and test score gaps and suggests that the expansion of school choice may have negative implications for structural education equity.
Experimentally manipulating social media abstinence: results of a four-week diary study

ABSTRACT Social media use has a weak, negative association with well-being in cross-sectional and longitudinal research, but this association in experimental studies is mixed. This investigation explores whether social media abstinence leads to improved daily well-being over four weeks of time. Community and undergraduate participants (N = 130) were randomly assigned to five experimental conditions: no change in social media use, and one week, two weeks, three weeks, and four weeks abstinence from social media (i.e., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat). All participants completed a daily diary measuring loneliness, well-being, and quality of day. Results showed no main effect of social media abstinence. The duration of abstinence was not associated with change in outcomes and order of abstinence did not explain variance in outcomes. Results are consistent with trivial effects detected in large cross-sectional research, and call into question the causal relationship between social media and well-being on the daily level.
Discretionary HR practices and employee well-being

Purpose The more HRM systems invest in employees’ work life and career growth beyond legal requirements, the happier employees are. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of discretionary HR practices in promoting employee well-being as well as mechanisms underlying this effect. Design/methodology/approach The participants for the study came from retail shops of a large information technology company in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The data set collected from these participants was analyzed through multilevel structural equation modeling and bootstrapping methods. Findings The results of this study provided empirical support for the relationships between discretionary HR practices and the psychological, physical and social dimensions of employee well-being. Job crafting was found to serve as a mediator for these relationships. Abusive supervision played a role in attenuating the effects of discretionary HR practices on the dimensions of employee well-being as well as job crafting. Originality/value This inquiry extends the research stream on the HRM-employee well-being relationship by examining the predictive role of discretionary HR practices.
Examining the Impact of Social Media on the Academic Performances of Saudi Students - Case Study: Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University

undergraduate students’ academic performances and their social interpersonal skills in the Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University. Design/methodology/approach: 64 samples were collected from full-time undergraduate students studying in Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University from different colleges including Community college, College of Business Administration, College of Education, College of Engineering and College of Pharmacy. The descriptive statistics analysis was used to analyze the demographic data while inferential statistics were used in testing the research hypotheses. The results obtained from the analyses were used to interpret the outcomes. Findings: The empirical results reveal that the students enjoy meeting new friends online using social media rather than meeting in person and for this reason they spend a lot of time – addicted. It is also confirmed that the bad comments are passed easily through social media affecting other's sentiments and most of them strongly believe that all the information in social media is true and reliable and the rumors were spread easily in social media. Further, it is also confirmed that social media does not support the Learning of the students. Practical Implications: The study confirms that the students exchange learning materials through social media and it helps them to update the developments in their college/university. The students believe that through Social media they have improved their communication skills and they can communicate with anyone at any time. It is also found that some of their teachers communicate with them and encourage them to use social media but for studying only. Originality/value: The research work is of its first kind as it focuses on the impact of social media on the academic performances of the students studying in Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, which has suggested effective means for effective implementation of social media strategy.
Clinicopathological study on ameloblastoma.

対象は, 1975年から1994年までの20年間に当科を受診し, エナメル上皮腫で治療を行った40例 (男19例, 女21例) ,1) 発生年齢のピークは30, 40歳代で平均年齢36. 7±19. 8歳であった。 2) 発生部位は上顎5例, 下顎35例で下顎が87. 5%を占めた。 3) X線所見では, X線単房性を呈する症例が18例, X線多房性が12例, X線蜂窩状が8例と, 単房性が多くみられた。 4) 病理組織分類では, 26例のfollicular pattern症例のうち, 6例に細胞亜型 (acanthomatous type4例, granular cell type1例, desmoplastic ameloblastoma1例) がみられた。 14例のplexiform pattern症例のうち, 1例にacanthomatous typeの細胞亜型がみられた。 5) 治療方法の内訳は, 「開窓療法」2例, 「腫瘍摘出・創面開放」16例, 「腫瘍摘出」10例, 「根治的切除」12例 (上顎部分切除1例, 下顎辺縁切除2例, 下顎離断9例) 。 6) 再発は5例に認められたが, 切除群には再発はみられなかった。 7) Unicystic ameloblastoma (以下UA) は, 8/40例 (20.0%) にみられた。 UA以外の症例の平均年齢41. 1±18. 4歳に比べ, 19.0±8. 5歳と若かった (p<0.01) 。 再発はみられなかった。
Geographically accessible immigration support and parenting services and child maltreatment

ABSTRACT This study explores how the geographic proximity of immigration support and parenting services affect neighborhood rates of child maltreatment using administrative data from the U.S Census and child protective services. Spatial error regression results show that neighborhoods with proximal immigration support services have lower rates of child maltreatment, while neighborhoods with proximal parenting services have higher rates of child maltreatment. Additionally, neighborhoods with higher concentrations of Hispanic and poor residents have higher rates of child maltreatment, while neighborhoods with more White and Asian residents have lower rates of child maltreatment. This study suggests that immigration support services may be child maltreatment prevention resources.
Dynamic factors and electromyographic activity in a sprint start

The aim of the study was to establish the major dynamic parameters as well as the EMG activation of muscles in a sprint start as the first derivative of sprint velocity. The subject of the analysis was block velocity, the production of force in the front and rear starting blocks, the block acceleration in the first two steps and the electromyographic activity (EMG) of the following muscles: the erector spinae muscle, gluteus maximus muscle, rectus femoris muscle, vastus medialis muscle, vastus lateralis muscle, biceps femoris muscle and gastrocnemius–medialis muscle. One international-class female sprinter participated in the experiment. She performed eight starts in constant laboratory conditions. The 3-D kinematic analysis was made using a system of nine Smart-e 600 cameras operating at a frame rate of 60 Hz. Dynamic parameters were established by means of two separate force platforms to which the starting blocks were fixed. A 16-channel electromyograph was used to analyse electromyographic activity (EMG). It was established that the block velocity depended on the absolute force produced in the front and rear starting blocks and that it was 2.84±0.21 m.s -1 . The maximal force on the rear and front blocks was 628±34 N and 1023±30 N, respectively. In view of the total impulse (210±11 Ns) the force production/time ratio in the rear and front blocks was 34%:66%. The erector spinae muscle, vastus lateralis muscle and gastrocnemius–medialis muscle generate the efficiency of the start. The block acceleration in the first two steps primarily depends on the activation of the gluteus maximus muscle, rectus femoris muscle, biceps femoris muscle and gastrocnemius–medialis muscle. A sprint start is a complex motor stereotype requiring a high degree of integration of the processes of central movement regulation and an optimal level of biomotor abilities. (Biol.Sport 26:137-147, 2009)
The nexus of corporate social responsibility (CSR), affective commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour in academia

The purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge on the implications of perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) on employee levels of commitment and citizenship behaviour (OCB) by investigating a trust-based mediational process in the context of academia. ,The research data are collected from a sample of 736 academics through a questionnaire based survey administered in different Pakistani universities. The nature of trust-based mechanism underlying the relationships between CSR, affective commitment and OCB is determined through structural equation modelling of the research data. ,The findings suggest that the perceived CSR is an important predictor of academics’ attitudes and behaviour in universities. Whilst the findings implicate the mediating role of trust in the process by which perceived CSR influences academics’ commitment, trust does not appear to mediate the perceived CSR’s relationship with OCB. ,This study utilises single-sourced and cross-sectional data, which may have resulted in common method bias. ,By furnishing evidence of the beneficial effects of perceived CSR on academics’ levels of trust, commitment and citizenship behaviour, this study provides a business case for universities’ involvement in CSR. The findings are particularly useful to academic administrators and managers who are interested in nurturing positive attitudes and behaviours amongst academic staff. ,There is a paucity of research on CSR in the academic work settings of developing countries. This is the first study to examine the trust-based microfoundation of CSR in the context of academia in Pakistan.
Respon Mahasiswa Terhadap Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inquiry Pada Mata Kuliah Pembelajaran Terpadu Melalui Program LSLC

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan respon mahasiswa terhadap penerapan model pembelajaran inquiry pada mata kuliah pembelajaran terpadu melalui program LSLC. Program LSLC merupakan program pengembangan profesionalitas dosen dalam proses pelaksanaan perkuliahan. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini ialah bagaimana respon mahasiswa terhadap penerapan model pembalajaran inquiry pada mata kuliah pembelajaran terpadu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif yang mendeskripsikan respon mahasiswa selama proses perkuliahan mata kuliah pembelajaran terpadu dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran inquiry. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan di kelas A dan B mahasiswa PGSD Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya angkatan 2015. Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari proses plan, do, dan see. Pada tahap plan, dosen model mempersiapkan pelaksanaan proses perkuliahan dengan membuat Satuan Acara Perkuliahan, chapter design, lesson design, ringkasan materi, lembar evaluasi, dan media. Selanjutnya pada tahap do, melaksanakan perencanaan yang telah dibuat, dengan menghadirkan lima observer untuk membantu mengobservasi respon mahasiswa selama proses perkuliahan berlangsung. Tahap terakhir yaitu see, dari tahapan tersebut dosen model bersama para observer melaksanakan refleksi dengan melakukan focus group discussion untuk mendiskusikan informasi terkait respon mahasiswa selama proses perkuliahan, juga masukan-masukan yang membangun untuk dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan perbaikan proses perkuliahan selanjutnya. Proses plan, do dan see dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Siklus pertama dilaksanakan pada kelas 2015A dan siklus kedua dilakukan di kelas 2015 B. Data yang terkumpul berupa angket respon yang diisikan observer, selanjutnya dianalisis dan dideskripsikan. Hasil penelitian tentang respon mahasiswa terhadap penerapan model pembelajaran inquiry pada mata kuliah pembelajaran terpadu menunjukkan hasil yang sangat positif dari mahasiswa. Hal tersebut terlihat dari antusiasme mahasiswa dalam mengikuti setiap proses perkuliahan.
Cost of illness in outpatient visit with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Shanghai

Objectives:To assess the cost of illness for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Shanghai for estimating disease burden.Methods:To estimate the cost of illness of type 2 diabetes mellitus in terms of direct cost,direct none-medical cost and indirect cost of type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients in three secondary and tertiary in Shanghai using questionnaire interviews.Results:The number of outpatient visit per patient is 21.2 per year,and inpatient is 0.2 per capita;The direct medical cost of illness is 5 524.45 RMB,while the total cost per capita is 6 305.22 RMB, of which the direct cost make up 88.6%. The economic burden to patients with complication is 6 814.00 RMB which is higher than those who without complication.Conclusion:Efficient and appropriate intervention should be empha- sized to prevent illness,improving patient's quality of life could reduce their economic burden.
You Do What? Professional Identity in Art Therapy Students (Vous faites quoi ? Identité professionnelle des étudiants en art-thérapie)

Abstract As a field, art therapy continues to evolve as reflected by under employment and external funding opportunities. There is limited awareness of the scope of practice of art therapists by both allied professional therapists and the general public. These challenges impact the professional identity of art therapists in the field. This study sought to examine students’ identification with their professional role at an impressionable juncture midway through their postgraduate training in art therapy. As a novel part of their research curriculum, 43 students of art therapy participated in a collaborative research plan to explore their own sense of professional identity. From identifying research questions, to carrying out data collection and analysis, these students participated in all aspects of the research program. Results reflect important aspects of student art therapists’ training that strongly impact their formation of professional identity, such as practicum and supervisory experiences, the perceived fit between student strengths, values, and placement, as well as the ability to adequately address student concerns regarding future employment. These results also suggest that a collaborative research program can offer students an effective experiential way of learning research methods, leading to a deeper understanding of the process and value of research in art therapy.
Job Satisfaction Challenges Of Nurses In The Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study

Background Job satisfaction is an important factor in health care settings. This concept is not a single factor; rather, it is the product of factors such as the conditions and relationships that govern the workplace, the organizational system of employment, and social, cultural, and economic factors. Therefore, awareness of its related factors is important for medical staff including nurses in special units and nursing managers. The aim of the present study was to investigate job satisfaction challenges in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Methods This was a qualitative study using conventional content analysis approach. This study was performed in a general ICU of Amol City, Iran. Thirteen nurses employed in the ICU were recruited until data saturation was reached. Research data were collected through interviews, a focus group and field notes. Findings were analyzed using a conventional method. Results According to data analysis, 6 themes including “nursing education”, “organizational resources”, “management”, “multiple occupational stresses”, “professional performance” and “professional identity” were developed. Conclusion This study provided better and clearer understanding of job satisfaction challenges of nurses working in an ICU. The findings of this research can be helpful in developing management programs for understanding the factors affecting job satisfaction of nurses and job satisfaction promotion.
Assessing science motivation among high school students participating in a supplemental science programme: the Emerging Scholars Environmental Health Sciences Academy

ABSTRACT Motivation to learn science plays an important role in the persistence, achievement, and career aspirations of students studying science, technology, engineering and math (STEM). Several studies have focused on how supplemental summer programmes build science motivation in undergraduate STEM students, but few studies have focused on how such programmes build motivation in high school students. This study assessed how the Emerging Scholars Environmental Health Sciences Academy, a supplemental summer science programme for public high school students in Louisiana, Alabama, and Florida in the southern United States, influenced participants’ science motivation, as measured by the Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQII). The SMQII assesses five motivation factors for learning science: intrinsic motivation, self-determination, self-efficacy, career motivation, and grade motivation. Participants (n = 45) completed the SMQII before and after completing the academy, which allowed students to learn, apply, and experience environmental health science. Results indicated a statistically significant increase in motivation to learn science among participants, particularly for self-determination and career motivation. Inquiry-based learning, individual mentoring, and exposure to environmental health careers may explain why the academy was effective in positively influencing participants’ self-determination and career motivation. Finally, practical lessons learned for implementing a supplemental science programme for high school students are provided.
Experiment of the alteration of vascular and endogenous vascular endothelial growth factor in the survival process of the reverse-flow axial skin flap

Objective To investigate the survival mechanisms of the reverse-flow flap. Methods Rectangle skin flaps based on the deep circumflex iliac vessel( DCIV), which comprised the adjacent territory based on the posterior intercostal arteries(PIA),were designed and elevated on the rat's right dorsum . The flaps were served as the reverse-flow flaps model. The survival area, the vessels redistribution, the change of pedicle vessel's caliber, and VEGF immunohistochemistry were evaluated immediately, and on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th day after operation respectively. Results All flaps survived. Blood supplied by DCIV flowed to the distal and refluxed to the proximal through the vascular anastomosis between the two territories. The direction of blood flow in the distal territory run in a reversed pattern after operation. VEGF immunohistochemistry was negative immediately after operation. The caliber of vascular anastomosis and DCIV became obviously wider and the number of vascular anastomosis became conspicuously more 1 day after operation than that before operation, meanwhile, VEGF immunohistochemistry became active. All data reached to the peak 3 days after operation. On the 7th day, the vasculature of the flap became similar to that of the conventional axial flap and the caliber of DCIV decreased, VEGF immunohistochemistry became negative. Conclusion The survival mechanism of the reverse-flow axial skin flap was the increased number and dilated caliber of vessels. In the end,the new vasculature of the flaps were similar to the conventional axial flaps. Endogenous VEGF play an important role in this process.
HIGH RISK BEHAVIOR AND PRACTICE OF LIVESTOCK AND MEAT INDUSTRY EMPLOYEES REGARDING CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN NUR COUNTY, NORTHERN IRAN

Background and purpose: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral disease. In Iran human cases of the disease were reported in some regions including Nur County (Mazandaran Province, northern Iran). Therefore, this study investigated high risk behavior of people involved in meat industry and animal husbandry in different districts of Nur County. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in 314 livestock and meat industry workers including shepherds and animal keepers, butchers, slaughters, chefs, veterinary physicians and veterinary staff to monitor their high risk behaviors regarding CCHF from July to December 2012 in Nur County. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square and binary regression test at 0.05 significance level. Results: Two hundred eighty nine individuals were interviewed and filled out the questionnaire with an average age of 43.7 ± 14.4 of whom 84.4% were male. Odds ratio (OR) of high risk practices including slaughtering and contact with fresh flesh and blood of livestock of males compared with females was 3.35 (OR = 3.35, CI 95%: 1.73-6.47). High risk individuals living in rural and mountainous areas of Baladeh had significantly longer history of contact with livestock and had more high risk behaviors including slaughtering and contact with fresh flesh and blood of livestock, eating raw liver, and removing ticks from animals' body or squashing them with unprotected hand (P < 0.001). Lack of protective clothing in high risk individuals in highland areas (OR = 9.24, CI 95%: 2.66-32.13) and Baladeh district (OR = 9.80, CI 95%: 2.78-34.53) was significantly higher than the rest of the studied areas. Conclusion: The results clearly showed extensive high risk practice in individuals involved in livestock in Nur County. Such behaviors and lack of management programs may increase the occurrence and epidemics of CCHF in the region especially in West of Mazandaran Province where current CCHF cases are reported.
Narcissism and social motives: Successful pursuit of egosystem goals boosts narcissism

ABSTRACT We investigated the links between grandiose narcissism (agentic and communal) and social motives (social egosystem vs. social ecosystem). In Study 1, agentic narcissism was positively associated with egosystem (self-serving) motives, and was negatively associated with ecosystem (prosocial) motives, as assessed by explicit and more behavioral means. The pattern for communal narcissism was more complex, depending on mode of assessment. Striving for egosystem (vs. ecosystem) goals interacted with longitudinal goal-attainment to predict increases in agentic narcissism over 30 days. Study 2 replicated this interaction pattern in a longitudinal experiment, which randomly assigned participants to pursue either egosystem or ecosystem goals during one semester. We conclude that grandiose narcissism is associated with social goals that can maintain or even further augment narcissism.