Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE AND PATTERN OF CIGARETTE SMOKING AMONG YOUNG ADULTS IN A RURAL COMMUNITY IN IMO STATE

: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, smoking killed more than 8 million people each year, about 80% in low-and middle-income countries such as Nigeria, now it has become a public health problem. This study assessed the prevalence cigarette smoking among youths (18-29) years in Ikperejere community, Ihitte/Uboma LGA Imo State. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 348 young adults in the rural community and data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. The study showed that about half 145(44.8%) of the respondents have smoked cigarette and majority 68(46.3%) of the respondent who had ever smoked, reported smoking their first cigarette at 16-22 years of age, followed by 52(35.4%) at 10-15 years and 27(18.4%) at 21-29 years of age. The male gender significantly increased the likelihood of smoking by 5.1 times (95% C.I: 3.0 – 8.6). The history of smoking in parent also increased the likelihood of smoking by 1.8 times (95% C.I: 1.1 – 2.8) and friends that smoke increased the likelihood of smoking by 3.4 times (95% C.I: 2.1 – 5.4). It is imperative that measures should be employed to discourage the rate of smoking and relevant interventions should be created to counteract the factors that increases the likelihood of smoking among young adults. Hence, health education is vital to make these changes among young adults.
QUALITATIVE STUDIES ABOUT CONTRACEPTION COUNSELING , CONTRACEPTION USE , UNINTENDED PREGNANCY , AND ABORTION AMONG WOMEN WITH CANCER

UNINTENDED PREGNANCY CAN DISRUPT TREATMENT AND RECOVERY for women of reproductive age with cancer. About 13% of all cancers occur in people aged younger than 50 years (American Cancer Society, 2017). Although some cancers and treatments impair fertility, many women with cancer are physically capable of conceiving. Cancerand treatmentassociated risks during pregnancy may be avoided by delaying pregnancy until treatment is complete and the woman is in remission (Laurence, Gbolade, Morgan, & Glaser, 2004; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2011). Because unintended pregnancies, including unwanted pregnancies and those occurring sooner than desired, account for about 45% of all pregnancies in the United States (Finer & Zolna, 2016), investigating unintended pregnancy is imperative among patient populations at heightened risk for health complications. Little is known about unintended pregnancy, abortion, contraception use, and contraception counseling in the context of cancer care. Describing the prevalence of contraception counseling, contraception use, abortion, and unplanned pregnancy will clarify unmet family-planning needs among women with cancer. Identifying patient preferences about contraception services is key to delivering evidence-based, patient-centered care (Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, 2013; Spring, 2007). This review investigates the experiences and perspectives of women with cancer (referring to cisgender women with a current or past cancer diagnosis in childhood or adulthood) relating to pregnancy prevention during the cancer care continuum (encompassing diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship) (Taplin et al., 2012). The review addresses the following research questions: ɐ How prevalent are unintended pregnancy and abortion among women with cancer? ɐ What are the clinical needs and preferences of women with cancer related to contraception counseling? ɐ What contraception methods are women using across the cancer care continuum?
Structural Composition and Diversity of Bacterial Communities in High- and Low-Yielding Moso Bamboo Forests.

BACKGROUND Bacterial communities play an important role in helping plants absorb nutrients, promoting plant development, and preventing diseases. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis [Carriere] J. Houzeau) has a long history of cultivation and important economic value. METHODS In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was utilized to analyze the differences in the diversity of endophytic and root zone soil bacterial communities between high-yielding (HY) and low-yielding (LY) P. edulis forests in subtropical China. RESULTS Notably, the soil conditions and bacterial communities in Yong'an (YA) and Jiangle (JL) differed, but the bacterial community structures in the root zone soil of both regions were similar with the dominant bacterial phyla composed of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Actinobacteriota. The Chao1 and Shannon indices of the root zone soil and endophytic bacterial communities in the LY were higher than those in the HY. Moreover, the bacterial community structures of HY and LY were significantly different. Notably, the relative abundances of Actinobacteriota, Myxococcota, and Cyanobacteria were higher in the HY soil samples. The bacterial community differences between the tissues and root zone soil of HY and LY indicated that healthy HY P. edulis plants were enriched with specific bacterial communities, suggesting associations between yield and both endophytic and root zone soil bacterial communities. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study provide a basis to regulate artificial bacterial communities to benefit the future cultivation of HY P. edulis.
Health Education Booklet about obligatory vaccination for mothers of under five children

: The knowledge and practice of mothers is a crucial factor for better vaccination coverage. Previous studies revealed misconceptions of mothers' knowledge toward childhood vaccination. This study aimed at promoting childhood vaccination by providing knowledge about childhood vaccination through an educational booklet. Design Across-sectional study was conducted by using a convenience sampling technique on 383 mothers having children between 12 to 18 months old who admitted in Sinbelaween primary health care facilities. Data collection: Data was collected using pre-designed, pretested five questionnaires. The first three tools were used for exploring mothers' demographic characteristics, their knowledge regarding childhood vaccination as well as, their perceived practice before, during and after vaccinating their children. Moreover, the fourth and fifth questionnaires were used to explore the mothers and professional experts' opinions regarding the developed health educational booklet. Results: The study indicated that the highest percent (34.2%) of mothers were under educated which is the main reason for poor knowledge of childhood vaccination among (80.4%). Half of the studied mothers (55.6%) demonstrated unsatisfactory practices regarding their vaccination care delivered to their children. Conclusion: It is crucial to develop a health educational booklet to raise the mothers’ awareness about obligatory childhood vaccination for more knowledge gain.
Aerosol-Induced Closure of Marine Cloud Cells: Enhanced Effects in the Presence of Precipitation

The Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) V4.2 model is configured within a Lagrangian framework to quantify the impact of aerosols on evolving cloud fields. Simulations employing realistic meteorological boundary conditions are based on 10 case study days offering diverse meteorology during the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA). Cloud and aerosol retrievals in observations from aircraft measurements, ground-based Atmosphere Radiation Measurement (ARM) data at Graciosa Island in the Azores, and A-Train and geostationary satellites are in good agreement with 5 the simulations. Higher aerosol concentration leads to suppressed drizzle and increased cloud water content. These changes lead to larger radiative cooling rates at cloud top, enhanced vertical velocity variance, and increased vertical and horizontal wind speed near the base of the lower-tropospheric inversion. As a result, marine cloud cell area expands, narrowing the gap between shallow clouds and increasing cloud optical thickness, liquid water content, and the top-of-atmosphere outgoing shortwave flux. While similar aerosol effects are observed in lightly to non-raining clouds, they tend to be smaller by comparison. These results 10 show a strong link between cloud cell area expansion and the radiative adjustments caused by liquid water path and cloud fraction changes. These adjustments scale by 74% and 51%, respectively, relative to the Twomey effect. Given the limitations of traditional global climate model resolutions, addressing mesoscale cloud-state transitions at kilometer-scale resolutions or higher should be of utmost importance in accurately quantifying aerosol radiative forcing.
The Effects of Dissolved Organic Matter Derived from Agricultural Waste Materials on Phosphorus Sorption in Sandy Soils

The effect of organic matter (OM) on soil phosphorus (P) sorption is controversial, as there is still no clear answer whether organic matter inhibits or increases P sorption. Despite the great need for renewable sources of available P and OM in agricultural soils, little is known about the interaction between P and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in natural soil systems. The aim of this research was to uncover if and how soil saturation with DOM derived from different types of abundant agricultural wastes (cattle manure, horse manure, biogas digestate, compost) affects the phosphate sorption. We examined the P sorption process in control and DOM-saturated sandy soils. The results indicated that OM introduced with agricultural waste did not always reduce P sorption, but certainly had an effect on impairing P fixation, and thus, may result in potentially greater P mobility in the soil, including P availability. Among these waste materials, DOM from horse manure had the most positive effect on P mobilization; thus, horse manure—if available—is recommended for spreading on soils with low P mobility.
Knowledge about Disease and Adherence with Treatment among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

: Patients with good knowledge on diabetes and its complications seek proper treatment and care, and take charge of their health. Uncontrolled diabetes and poor diabetic patients' knowledge can lead to a high morbidity and mortality. Aim of the Study: To assess diabetic patient's knowledge about disease and adherence with treatment. Research Design: A descriptive design was utilized in this study. Setting: The study was conducted in outpatient clinic at Minia University Hospital and Minia General Hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of 72 adult Type 2 diabetes mellitus from both sexes with duration of diabetic disease more than one year and patients without comorbid disease, and without cerebrovascular accident.Tols of Data Collection: A structured Interview assessment questionnaire sheet (patient socio-demographic characteristics and medical data), Diabetes Knowledge questionnaire sheet, and Assessment Scale for Treatment Adherence. Results: Current study findings revealed that all participants (100%) had poor diabetic knowledge and the majority of them had moderate adherence to diabetic treatment. Conclusion: patients had poor knowledge about disease and the majority of them had moderate adherence to treatment. Recommendations: Nurses should emphasis to provide an educational protocol tailored to each diabetic patient and increase their awareness about the importance of diabetic education to improve adherence to treatment.
Fixed-points of interpolative Kannan type contractions in bipolar metric spaces

: In this paper, we introduce (𝜆, 𝛼) -interpolative and (𝜆, 𝛼, 𝛽) -interpolative Kannan type contractions and establish some fixed-point theorems in bipolar metric spaces. Additionally, these theorems expand and apply a number of intriguing findings from metric fixed-point theory to the bipolar metric setting
The Effect of Nurses’ Disaster Management Training Program on their Knowledge and Attitudes

: Disasters have a potential of producing mass casualties thereby, straining the health care systems, which need to be prepared for an unusual increase in workload. Aim: to determine the effect of nurses’ disaster management training program on their knowledge and attitudes, in critical care units at Alexandria Main University Hospital. Methods: a quasi-experimental, interventional research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at Alexandria Main University Hospital; in all critical care units (N=4), namely: First, Second Third and Fourth Units. Subjects: All nurses were included (N = 66). Tools: The data was collected through self-administered questionnaire encompassing two tools: Tool (I): Disaster Management Knowledge Questionnaire. Tool (II): Disaster Management Attitudes Questionnaire. A demographic characteristics questionnaire was developed. Results: Statistically significant differences were found immediately after and after three months from attending the training program regarding total nurses’ knowledge and its three domains of disaster management. Moreover, significant improvements were found for total nurses’ attitudes regarding disaster management at immediately after and after three months from attending the training program. Conclusion: nurses’ disaster management training program had highly statistically significant differences on their knowledge and attitudes, between before, immediately after and after three months from training program, in critical care units at Alexandria Main University Hospital. Recommendations: implementing training programs for all health care providers to extend their awareness about disaster management. Also, conducting nursing research in disaster in order to provide information to make evidenced-based decisions regarding disaster management practice and education.
GENDER AND EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION AS DETERMINANTS OF TEACHERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

: This study investigated the attitude of teachers in secondary school towards assessment for learning in Rivers State as determined by certain demographic characteristics such as educational qualification and gender. The study was guided by two research questions and two corresponding null hypotheses. The study used the ex-post facto research design, with a sample of 498 teachers drawn through a multistage sampling technique from all the teachers in Rivers State. The researcher-designed instrument was used for data collection which was adequately assessed for validity and reliability, the reliability yielded a coefficient of 0.721 using split half. The data for the study were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for the research questions, while independent sample t-test and ANOVA were used for testing the hypotheses where necessary. The result of the study showed that educational qualification significantly determines their attitude towards assessment for learning. Conversely, the study showed that gender did not significantly determine their attitude towards assessment for learning. On the basis of the result, it was recommended that in-service training be provided for all teachers so that they can appreciate and implement assessment for learning in their classroom instruction.
A combined analytic signal and Euler method (AN-EUL) for automatic interpretation of magnetic data

We present a new automatic method of interpretation of magnetic data, called AN-EUL (pronounced “an oil”). The derivation is based on a combination of the analytic signal and the Euler deconvolution methods. With AN-EUL, both the location and the approximate geometry of a magnetic source can be deduced. The method is tested using theoretical simulations with different magnetic models placed at different depths with respect to the observation height. In all cases, the method estimated the locations and the approximate geometries of the sources. The method is tested further using ground magnetic data acquired above a shallow geological dike whose source parameters are known from drill logs, and also from airborne magnetic data measured over a known ferrometallic object. In both these cases, the method correctly estimated the locations and the nature of these sources.
Opportunities for Trinational Governance of Ecologically Connected Habitat Sites in the Gulf of Mexico

Biological connections throughout the Gulf of Mexico region pervade waters of the United States, Mexico, and Cuba. Identification of important high-biodiversity habitats and the species that utilize such uncommon habitats in the Gulf of Mexico provides a scientific basis for cooperative international marine conservation and policy. A combination of a compatibility analysis of existing national marine policies and ecosystem-based marine spatial planning would improve management of transboundary living marine resources based on biophysical characteristics of the large marine ecosystem. Goals of such a science-based governance approach are to enhance the understanding of connectivity elements and processes, to map distribution of habitats with high biodiversity, to minimize discontinuity among national marine policies, and to maximize coordinated international protection. The proposed outcome is the design and implementation of an international network of marine protected areas to conserve shared transboundary living marine resources of the Gulf of Mexico. Existing conditions in the Gulf of Mexico region support an enterprise to design several alternatives for an international network of marine protected areas for joint consideration by policy decision-makers from the United States, Mexico, and Cuba. The same model combining science and policy could apply to other transboundary large marine ecosystems.
Barriers and enablers of patient and family centred care in an Barriers and enablers of patient and family centred care in an Australian acute care hospital: Perspectives of health managers Australian acute care hospital: Perspectives of health managers

The aim of this study was to identify and explore organisational barriers to, and enablers of, patient and family centred care within an Australian acute care hospital from the perspective of that hospital’s management staff. A qualitative study, incorporating purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews was undertaken in a 215-bed metropolitan acute care public hospital in Sydney, Australia. Fifteen health managers from a broad range of professional groups, including Medicine, Nursing, Allied Health and non-clinical services were interviewed. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, and analysed for key themes using the Framework Approach. The key barriers to patient and family centred care were: i) staffing constraints and reduced levels of staff experience, ii) high staff workloads and time pressures, iii) physical resource and environment constraints and iv) unsupportive staff attitudes. The key enablers of patient and family centred care were: i) leadership focus on patient and family centred care, ii) staff satisfaction and positive staff relations, iii) formal structures and processes to support patient and family centred care, iv) staff cultural diversity and v) health professional values and role expectations. This study provides an understanding of the factors that restrict and enhance patient and family centred care specific to an Australian acute care hospital setting. Implementation of strategies targeted at these factors may help the study site, and potentially other hospitals in similar settings, to improve patient and family centred care. In turn, this may lead to improved outcomes for patients, families, staff and healthcare organisations.
Geospatial Considerations for a Multiorganizational, Landscape-Scale Program

Geospatial data play an increasingly important role in natural resources management, conservation, and science-based projects. The management and effective use of spatial data becomes significantly more complex when the efforts involve a myriad of landscape-scale projects combined with a multiorganizational collaboration. There is sparse literature to guide users on this daunting subject; therefore, we present a framework of considerations for working with geospatial data that will provide direction to data stewards, scientists, collaborators, and managers for developing geospatial management plans. The concepts we present apply to a variety of geospatial programs or projects, which we describe as a “scalable framework” of processes for integrating geospatial efforts with management, science, and conservation initiatives. Our framework includes five tenets of geospatial data management: (1) the importance of investing in data management and standardization, (2) the scalability of content/efforts addressed in geospatial management plans, (3) the lifecycle of a geospatial effort, (4) a framework for the integration of geographic information systems (GIS) in a landscape-scale conservation or management program, and (5) the major geospatial considerations prior to data acquisition. We conclude with a discussion of future considerations and challenges.
Pharmacokinetics of Two Nanoemulsion Formulations of Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Rats

The use of Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) has increased in recent years. Given that the oral absorption of cannabinoids in oil formulations is typically slow and variable, nanoemulsions may be an improved delivery vehicle. Therefore, we characterized the pharmacokinetics (PK) in Sprague-Dawley rats following the administration of three different oral formulations containing 10 mg/kg Δ8-THC: a translucent liquid nanoemulsion, a reconstituted powder nanoemulsion, and a medium chain triglyceride (MCT) oil solution for comparison. Δ8-THC was also administered intravenously at 0.6 mg/kg. Plasma samples were quantified for Δ8-THC and two metabolites, 11-hydroxy-Δ8-THC (11-OH-Δ8-THC) and 11-carboxy-Δ8-THC (COOH-Δ8-THC). Non-compartmental PK parameters were calculated, and a PK model was developed based on pooled data. Despite a smaller median droplet size of the translucent liquid nanoemulsion (26.9 nm) compared to the reconstituted powder nanoemulsion (168 nm), the PK was similar for both. The median Tmax values of Δ8-THC for the nanoemulsions (0.667 and 1 h) were significantly shorter than the median Tmax of Δ8-THC in MCT oil (6 h). This resulted in an approximately 4-fold higher Δ8-THC exposure over the first 4 h for the nanoemulsions relative to the MCT oil solution. The active 11-OH-Δ8-THC metabolite followed a similar pattern to Δ8-THC. The non-compartmental bioavailability estimates of Δ8-THC for the nanoemulsions (11–16.5%) were lower than for the MCT oil solution (>21.5%). However, a model-based analysis indicated similar bioavailability for all three oral formulations. These results demonstrate favorable absorption properties of both nanoemulsions, despite the difference in droplet sizes, compared to an MCT oil formulation.