Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oral and Periodontal Risk Factors of Prosthetic Success for 3-Unit Natural Tooth-Supported Bridges versus Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses

The goals of this research are: (1) to compare the survival and prosthetic success of metal-ceramic 3-unit tooth- versus implant-supported fixed dental prostheses; (2) to evaluate the influence of several risk factors on the prosthetic success of tooth- and implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FPDs). A total of 68 patients with posterior short edentulous spaces (mean age 61.00 ± 1.325 years), were divided into two groups: 3-unit tooth-supported FPDs (40 patients; 52 FPD; mean follow-up 10.27 ± 0.496 years) and 3-unit implant-supported FPDs (28 patients; 32 FPD; mean follow-up 8.656 ± 0.718 years). Pearson-chi tests were used to highlight the risk factors for the prosthetic success of tooth- and implant-supported FPDs and multivariate analysis was used to determine significant risk predictors for the prosthetic success of the tooth-supported FPDs. The survival rates of 3-unit tooth- versus implant-supported FPDs were 100% and 87.5%, respectively, while the prosthetic success was 69.25% and 68.75%, respectively. The prosthetic success of tooth-supported FPDs was significantly higher for patients older than 60 years (83.3%) vs. 40–60 years old (57.1%) (p = 0.041). Periodontal disease history decreased the prosthetic success of tooth- versus implant-supported FPDs when compared with the absence of periodontal history (45.5% vs. 86.7%, p = 0.001; 33.3% vs. 90%, p = 0.002). The prosthetic success of 3-unit tooth- vs. implant-supported FPDs was not significantly influenced by gender, location, smoking, or oral hygiene in our study. In conclusion, similar rates of prosthetic success were recorded for both types of FPDs. In our study, prosthetic success of tooth- versus implant-supported FPDs was not significantly influenced by gender, location, smoking, or oral hygiene; however, history of periodontal disease is a significant negative predictor of success in both groups when compared with patients without periodontal history.
Parametric instability of a large-amplitude nonmonochromatic Alfvén wave

The parametric instability of a finite‐amplitude Alfven wave is studied in a one‐dimensional geometry. The pump wave is an exact solution of the nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, i.e., the magnetic field perturbation has a uniform intensity and rotates in the plane perpendicular to the propagation direction, but its Fourier spectrum contains several wavelengths. The weakly nonmonochromatic regime is first studied by an analytical approach. It is shown that the growth rate of the instability decreases quadratically with a parameter that measures the departure from the monochromatic case. The fully nonmonochromatic case is studied by numerically solving the instability equations, when the phase function of the pump wave has a power‐law spectrum. Though the growth rate is maximum in the monochromatic case, it remains of the same order of magnitude also for wide spectrum pump waves. For quasimonochromatic waves the correction to the growth rate depends only on the spectral index of the phase func.
Neuroprotective effect of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide against ischemia–reperfusion injury is mediated by ferroptosis regulation via the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 pathway and the attenuation of blood–brain barrier disruption

Background Stroke is one of the most severe diseases worldwide, resulting in physical and mental problems. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide, a compound derived from celery seed, has been approved for treating ischemic stroke in China. No study has evaluated how Dl-3-n-butylphthalide affects the ferroptosis SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 signal pathway and blood–brain barrier (BBB) PDGFRβ/PI3K/Akt signal pathways in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model of ischemic stroke. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were used to develop the MCAO/R model. Our study used three incremental doses (10, 20, and 30) of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide injected intraperitoneally 24 h after MCAO/R surgery. The neuroprotective effect and success of the model were evaluated using the neurofunction score, brain water content determination, and triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride-determined infarction area changes. Pathological changes in the brain tissue and the degree of apoptosis were examined by hematoxylin and eosin, Nissl, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. In addition, pathway proteins and RNA expression levels were studied to verify the effects of Dl-3-n-butyphthalide on both pathways. At the same time, commercial kits were used to detect glutathione, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde, to detect oxidative stress in brain tissues. Results The middle dose of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide not only improved MCAO-induced brain dysfunction and alleviated pathological damage, brain inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis but also protected against ferroptosis and reduced BBB damage. These changes resulted in improved neurological function in the cerebral cortex. Conclusion We speculate that Dl-3-n-butylphthalide has a neuroprotective effect on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, which may be mediated through ferroptosis-dependent SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 signal pathway and PDGFRβ/PI3/Akt signal pathway.
Machine Learning Techniques Reveal Aberrated Multidimensional EEG Characteristics in Patients with Depression

Depression has become one of the most common mental illnesses, causing serious physical and mental harm. However, there remain unclear and uniform physiological indicators to support the diagnosis of clinical depression. This study aimed to use machine learning techniques to investigate the abnormal multidimensional EEG features in patients with depression. Resting-state EEG signals were recorded from 41 patients with depression and 34 healthy controls. Multiple dimensional characteristics were extracted, including power spectral density (PSD), fuzzy entropy (FE), and phase lag index (PLI). These three different dimensional characteristics with statistical differences between two groups were ranked by three machine learning algorithms. Then, the ranked characteristics were placed into the classifiers according to the importance of features to obtain the optimal feature subset with the highest classification accuracy. The results showed that the optimal feature subset contained 86 features with the highest classification accuracy of 98.54% ± 0.21%. According to the statistics of the optimal feature subset, PLI had the largest number of features among the three categories, and the number of beta features was bigger than other rhythms. Moreover, compared to the healthy controls, the PLI values in the depression group increased in theta and beta rhythms, but decreased in alpha1 and alpha2 rhythms. The PSD of theta and beta rhythms were significantly greater in depression group than that in healthy controls, and the FE of beta rhythm showed the same trend. These findings indicate that the distribution of abnormal multidimensional features is potentially useful for the diagnosis of depression and understanding of neural mechanisms.
Digital Technology for Good: Path and Influence—Based on the Study of ESG Performance of Listed Companies in China

The relationship between digital technology and enterprise management is becoming increasingly close. Whether the application of new digital technology can guide enterprises and even the social economy to good governance is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper selects the data of listed companies from 2011 to 2020 as a sample to empirically test the impact of digital transformation on ESG performance. The methodology is as follows: (1) Using the least squares method to do the main regression test. (2) Using Heckman’s two-step method, Lag 1 and 2, instrumental variable method: two-stage regression, PSM-OLS and PSM-DID estimation, robust analysis to do endogenous treatment to ensure that the main regression test is persuasive. (3) Using mediating effect to test the mechanism of action. (4) Using the least squares method for further research. The results show that: (1) Digital transformation is conducive to ESG performance. (2) In industries with high monopolies, digital transformation is not conducive to ESG performance. (3) Further analysis shows that due to the influence of peer effect, the concept of technological goodness is transmitted through network relationships to support other enterprises in the market. This study provides a new perspective for studying the influencing factors of enterprise ESG performance and also provides a theoretical reference for enterprises to use digital technology to achieve good governance. The scope of our research, the purpose of which is to help enterprises manipulate technology better, focuses on the effect on enterprises brought by digital technology.
Non-Nutritive Sweeteners Acesulfame Potassium and Sucralose Are Competitive Inhibitors of the Human P-glycoprotein/Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (PGP/MDR1)

Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are popular sugar replacements used in foods, beverages, and medications. Although NNS are considered safe by regulatory organizations, their effects on physiological processes such as detoxification are incompletely understood. Previous studies revealed that the NNS sucralose (Sucr) altered P-glycoprotein (PGP) expression in rat colon. We also demonstrated that early-life exposure to NNS Sucr and acesulfame potassium (AceK) compromises mouse liver detoxification. Building upon these initial discoveries, we investigated the impact of AceK and Sucr on the PGP transporter in human cells to assess whether NNS influence its key role in cellular detoxification and drug metabolism. We showed that AceK and Sucr acted as PGP inhibitors, competing for the natural substrate-binding pocket of PGP. Most importantly, this was observed after exposure to concentrations of NNS within expected levels from common foods and beverage consumption. This may suggest risks for NNS consumers, either when taking medications that require PGP as the primary detoxification transporter or during exposure to toxic compounds.
Integration of transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveals sorghum roots responding to cadmium stress through regulation of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a serious threat to plant growth and human health. Although the mechanisms controlling the Cd response have been elucidated in other species, they remain unknown in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), an important C4 cereal crop. Here, one-week-old sorghum seedlings were exposed to different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 150 μM) of CdCl2 and the effects of these different concentrations on morphological responses were evaluated. Cd stress significantly decreased the activities of the enzymes peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT), and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, leading to inhibition of plant height, decreases in lateral root density and plant biomass production. Based on these results, 10 μM Cd concentration was chosen for further transcription and metabolic analyses. A total of 2683 genes and 160 metabolites were found to have significant differential abundances between the control and Cd-treated groups. Multi-omics integrative analysis revealed that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway plays a critical role in regulating Cd stress responses in sorghum. These results provide new insights into the mechanism underlying the response of sorghum to Cd.
Modified λ-Policy Iteration Based Adaptive Dynamic Programming for Unknown Discrete-Time Linear Systems

In this article, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-policy iteration (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-PI) method for the optimal control problem of discrete-time linear systems is reconsidered and restated from a novel aspect. First, the traditional <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-PI method is recalled, and some new properties of the traditional <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-PI are proposed. Based on these new properties, a modified <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-PI algorithm is introduced with its convergence proven. Compared with the existing results, the initial condition is further relaxed. The data-driven implementation is then constructed with a new matrix rank condition for verifying the feasibility of the proposed data-driven implementation. A simulation example verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Geomagnetic Estimate of Mean Paleointensity

[1] A statistical hypothesis about Earth's magnetic field is tested against paleomagnetism by combining it with the present field to estimate mean paleointensity. The estimate uses the satellite era geomagnetic multipole power spectrum Rn, which gives the mean square magnetic induction represented by spherical harmonics of degree n averaged over the sphere of radius a = 6371.2 km. The hypothesis asserts that low-degree multipole powers of the core source field, Rnc, are distributed as chi-square with 2n + 1 degrees of freedom and theoretical expectation values {Rnc} = K(n + 1/2)[n(n + 1)]−1(c/a)2n + 4, where c is the 3480 km radius of Earth's core. The implied field is usually mainly dipolar and can be primarily axial. Amplitude K is estimated by fitting theoretical to observational spectra of degrees 1–12. The resulting calibrated expectation spectrum is summed through degree 12 to estimate expected square intensity {F2}. This sum also estimates mean square paleointensity, averaged over geologic time as well as the sphere, in so far as the present field spectrum is a fair sample of that generated in the past by core geodynamic processes. Previously, we excluded dominant degrees 1 and 2 from the fit, but not the sum, to “predict” mean paleointensity from the 1980 Magsat nondipole field. The new estimate fits all Rn of degrees 1–12 self-consistently and yields {F2} = (37.3 ± 4.3 μT)2. Expected paleointensity {F} is about 34.4 ± 4.9 μT; expected virtual axial dipole moment is about (6.51 ± 0.94) × 1022 Am2. These estimates are within the range of published paleomagnetic determinations of mean paleointensity; therefore the statistical hypothesis passes this test.
The role of HLA antigens in recurrent primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), typically characterized by diffuse podocyte foot process effacement and nephrotic syndrome (diffuse podocytopathy), is generally attributed to a circulating permeability factor. Primary FSGS can recur after transplantation where it manifests as diffuse foot process effacement in the early stages, with subsequent evolution of segmental sclerotic lesions. Previous published literature has been limited by the lack of stringent selection criteria to define primary FSGS. Although immunogenetic factors play an important role in many glomerular diseases, their role in recurrent primary FSGS post-transplantation has not been systematically investigated. To address this, we retrospectively studied a multicenter cohort of 74 kidney allograft recipients with end stage kidney disease due to primary FSGS, confirmed by clinical and histologic parameters. After adjusting for race/ethnicity, there was a numeric higher frequency of HLA-A30 antigen in primary FSGS (19%) compared to each of 22,490 healthy controls (7%, adjusted OR=2.0, P=0.04) and 296 deceased kidney donors (10%, OR=2.1, P=0.03). Within the group of transplant patients with end stage kidney disease due to primary FSGS, donor HLA-A30 was associated with recurrent disease (OR=9.1, P=0.02). Multivariable time-to-event analyses revealed that recipients who self-identified as Black people had lower risk of recurrent disease, probably reflecting enrichment of these recipients with APOL1 high-risk genotypes. These findings suggest a role for recipient and donor immunogenetic makeup in recurrent primary FSGS post-transplantation. Further larger studies in well-defined cohorts of primary FSGS that include high-resolution HLA typing and genome-wide association are necessary to refine these hereditary signals.
A correction for balancing discontinuous bed slopes in two‐dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics shallow water modeling

In this paper, a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical model for the shallow water equations (SWEs) with bed slope source term balancing is presented. The solution of the SWEs using SPH is attractive being a conservative, mesh‐free, automatically adaptive method without special treatment for wet‐dry interfaces. Recently, the capability of the SPH–SWEs numerical scheme with shock capturing and general boundary conditions has been used for predicting practical flooding problems. The balance between the bed slope source term and fluxes in shallow water models is desirable for reliable simulations of flooding over bathymetries where discontinuities are present and has received some attention in the framework of Finite Volume Eulerian models. The imbalance because of the source term resulting from the calculation of the the water depth is eradicated by means of a corrected mass, which is able to remove the error introduced by a bottom discontinuity. Two different discretizations of the momentum equation are presented herein: the first one is based on the variational formulation of the SWEs in order to obtain a fully conservative formulation, whereas the second one is obtained using a non‐conservative form of the free‐surface elevation gradient. In both formulations, a variable smoothing length is considered. Results are presented demonstrating the corrections preserve still water in the vicinity of either 1D or 2D bed discontinuities and provide close agreement with 1D analytical solutions for rapidly varying flows over step changes in the bed. The method is finally applied to 2D dam break flow over a square obstacle where the balanced formulation improves the agreement with experimental measurements of the free surface. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A C- and L-band dual-wavelength erbium-doped fibre laser for assisting four-wave mixing self-stability

A kind of photonic ‘Robin Hood’ based on four-wave mixing is proposed and proved to be effective, theoretically and experimentally, in detail. Its applications for L-band dual-wavelength erbium-doped fibre (EDF) laser use are experimentally demonstrated at room temperature. The experimental results show that the conventional EDF cavity only induces a very unstable L-band laser, but the novel Robin Hood can effectively suppress the homogeneous gain in the erbium laser. By using suitable fibre Bragg gratings and stretching them, the proposed EDF laser can operate from ∼1520 to ∼1635 nm, so our dual-wavelength EDF laser can be used in lasing operation not only for the L band but also for the C band. The outstanding merits of our dual-wavelength laser are the flexible tuning and the ultrabroad spectral range of more than 115 nm. The experimental results show that the stability and uniformity of the proposed dual-wavelength laser in C-band operation are better than those for the same laser in L-band operation.
A Trade-off Between the Artistic Aesthetic Value and Market Value of Paintings With Naïve and Childlike Interest Complex

This study investigated whether there are any pathways by combining the five dimensions (i.e., naïve image, imagination, story, interestingness, artistry) of the painting with naïve and childlike interest complex that can unify a high artistic aesthetic value and a high market value of this type of painting. We applied children's ratings to measure the artistic aesthetic value and used auction prices to measure the market value of the paintings. The results are analyzed using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method to identify the relevant pathways. Our findings suggest that no pathway can achieve both high artistic aesthetic value and high market value. In some pathways, the two types of values even conflict and contradict each other. Using the principle of prioritizing artistic aesthetic value and considering market value, we advocate the adoption of pathways that both achieve high artistic aesthetic value and avoid resulting in non-high market value.
Ninety-six–hour starved peripheral blood mononuclear cell supernatant inhibited LA7 breast cancer stem cells induced tumor via reduction in angiogenesis and alternations in Gch1 and Spr expressions

Introduction The microenvironment of solid tumors such as breast cancer is heterogeneous and complex, containing different types of cell, namely, cancer stem cells and immune cells. We previously reported the immunoregulatory behavior of the human immune cell in a solid tumor microenvironment-like culture under serum starvation stress for 96 h. Here, we examined the effect of this culture-derived solution on breast cancer development in rats. Method Ninety-six–hour starved PBMCs supernatant (96 h-SPS) was collected after culturing human PBMCs for 96 h under serum starvation condition. Breast cancer stem cells, LA7 cell line, was used for in vitro study by analyzing gene expression status and performing cytotoxicity, proliferation, scratch wound healing assays, followed by in vivo tumor induction in three groups of mature female Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were treated with 96 h-SPS or RPMI and normal saline as control, n = 6 for each group. After biochemical analysis of iron, lactate, and pH levels in the dissected tumors, Ki67 antigen expression, angiogenesis, and necrosis evaluation were carried out. Metabolic-related gene expression was assessed using RT-qPCR. Moreover, 96 h-SPS composition was discovered by Nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS. Results 96 h-SPS solution reduced the LA7 cell viability, proliferation, and migration and Gch1 and Spr genes expression in vitro (p< 0.05), whereas stemness gene Oct4 was upregulated (p< 0.01). The intracellular lactate was significantly decreased in the 96 h-SPS treated group (p = 0.007). In this group, Gch1 and Spr were significantly downregulated (p< 0.05), whereas the Sox2 and Oct4 expression was not changed significantly. The number of vessels and mitosis (Ki67+ cells) in the 96 h-SPS–treated group was significantly reduced (p = 0.024). The increased rate of necrosis in this group was statistically significant (p = 0.04). Last, proteomics analysis revealed candidate effectors’ components of 96 h-SPS solution. Conclusion 96 h-SPS solution may help to prevent cancer stem cell mediated tumor development. This phenomenon could be mediated through direct cytotoxic effects, inhibition of cell proliferation and migration in association with reduction in Gch1 and Spr genes expression, angiogenesis and mitosis rate, and necrosis augmentation. The preliminary data obtained from the present study need to be investigated on a larger scale and can be used as a pilot for further studies on the biology of cancer development.
Microstrip reflectarray with QUAD-EMC element

This paper shows the performance of a reflect array using the QUAD-EMC patch as the radiating element. The phase adjustment is made at a sub-array level by tuning the length of each driven patch. Therefore, this new design uses fewer of the required phase shifter elements. The phase diagram provides the shared phase to each QUAD-EMC unit. The return loss plot of a radiating unit excited by the microstrip line is studied. The connection between the phase diagram and the return loss plot is also discussed. Experiments have shown that we can get comparable results with those obtained by controlling the phase on each individual element. Bandwidth of 23% with 1.5 dB gain variation can be achieved when built on an FR4 substrate. The cross polarization level may be improved since there is enough room to place the straight delay lines.