Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capability Investment Strategy to Enable JPL Future Space Missions

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) formulates and conducts deep space missions for NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration). The Chief Technologist of JPL has responsibility for strategic planning of the laboratory’s advanced technology program to assure that the required technological capabilities to enable future missions are ready as needed. The responsibilities include development of a Strategic Plan (Antonsson, E., 2005). As part of the planning effort, a structured approach to technology prioritization, based upon the work of the START (Strategic Assessment of Risk and Technology) (Weisbin, C.R., 2004) team, was developed. The purpose of this paper is to describe this approach and present its current status relative to the JPL technology investment strategy. The JPL Strategic Technology Plan divides the required technological capabilities into 13 themes. The results reported here represent the initial analysis of seven themes: In-situ Planetary Exploration Systems, Survivable Systems for Extreme Environments, Precision Flying Systems, Deep Space Communication, Planetary Protection Systems, Utilization of High Capability Computing, and Engineering Systems. The remaining six themes will be included in the study planned for FY ’06. Each theme is hierarchically decomposed into component capabilities, to a level where quantitative estimates can be ascribed. For example, in the In-Situ Exploration theme, the sub-theme of Mobility is broken down into Surface Mobility, which allows an estimate of the meters traversed per command, a specific and measurable quantity. This structure is repeated and data filled in for each mission. All of this information is analyzed using an optimization technique (Martello, S., 1990) formulated to maximize total missions technologically enabled subject to overall cost constraints. Note that capabilities are given credit only if all capabilities needed to enable a particular mission are selected for funding. The recommended investments at each area of the capability hierarchy are plotted as a function of the total budget available to the sponsor. The robustness of the investment strategy is quantitatively analyzed as a function of potential variation (the uncertainty) of the input data. In on-going work we are looking at measures for relative mission value, dependencies among missions and capability areas, and time profiles of the recommended investments.
Exploring experiences and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young racially minoritised people in the United Kingdom: A qualitative study

Within high-income-countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted people from racially minoritised backgrounds. There has been significant research interrogating the disparate impact of the virus, and recently, interest in the long-term implications of the global crisis on young people’s mental health and wellbeing. However, less work explores the experiences of young people from racialised backgrounds as they navigate the pandemic, and the specific consequences this has for their mental health. Forty young people (age 16–25) from Black, mixed and other minority backgrounds and living in London, participated in consecutive focus group discussions over a two-month period, to explore the impact of the pandemic on their lives and emotional wellbeing. Thematic analysis identified seven thematic categories describing the impact of the pandemic, indicating: deepening of existing socioeconomic and emotional challenges; efforts to navigate racism and difference within the response; and survival strategies drawing on communal and individual resources. Young people also articulated visions for a future public health response which addressed gaps in current strategies. Findings point to the need to contextualize public health responses to the pandemic in line with the lived experiences of racialised young people. We specifically note the importance of long-term culturally and socio-politically relevant support interventions. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Residual Attention as a Predictor of Pilot Performance

Sixteen student pilots performed a task combination designed to measure residual attention. Scores on this combination were correlated with performances on flight checks administered periodically during flight training. The multiple correlation between performances on the flight checks and the task combination increased as the students progressed through flight training. The usefulness of residual attention as a predictor of pilot performance is discussed.
Students’ Learning Status and Expectations with Online Distance Learning

The Covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia, from the first wave in March 2020 till to-date the third wave has disrupted all formal face-to-face learning at all levels of education. A shift in the teaching mode was necessary from face-to-face to any accessible and feasible online distance learning (ODL) platform. However, due to lack of necessary technological equipment and an unsupportive environment, students are still reluctant to adopt online distance learning, particularly in rural areas. Furthermore, little was known about the readiness of engineering students at Diploma level to experience this new mode of learning. This study looked into students' ODL learning status and their expectations for ODL educational decisions. Data was collected for three weeks in a university in the southern region of Peninsular Malaysia using online Google Forms. Data was analysed descriptively and direct quotes from the open-ended section of the questionnaire were presented to support the descriptive analysis. The data highlights the need to involve many stakeholders and properly plan the ODL instructions for effective technology-based education. The outcomes of this research will help the educators, students and the government to redesign and restructure ODL post-Covid-19 for successful teaching and learning.
Efficacy and safety of paricalcitol in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a meta-analysis

Background The elevated calcium and phosphorus levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis may increase the risk of all-cause mortality. Paricalcitol, as a new vitamin D receptor activator (VDRA), seemed to be effective in reducing the calcium and phosphorus levels. Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of paricalcitol with other VDRAs in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science database were systematically reviewed. Selection criteria Studies that focused on the use of paricalcitol for hemodialysis patients were eligible for inclusion. Data collection and analysis Two independent investigators performed the literature search, data extraction, and assessment of methodological quality. The outcomes were expressed with standard mean difference (SMD), HR, or risk ratio (RR) with 95% CI. Results Thirteen studies involving 112,695 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Among these studies, four studies were cohort studies and nine studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). For cohort studies, they were regarded as being of high quality; for RCTs, only one was classified as being at low risk of bias; and the remaining eight studies were at being unclear risk of bias. Compared with other VDRAs, paricalcitol significantly improved the overall survival (HR =0.86, 95% CI: 0.80, 0.92; P<0.001) and reduced the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (SMD =−0.53, 95% CI: −0.90, −0.17; P=0.004). Paricalcitol offered similar effect with other VDRAs in the control of calcium (SMD =0.32, 95% CI: −0.04, 0.67; P=0.078) and phosphorus (SMD =0.06, 95% CI: −0.26, 0.37; P=0.727) levels. However, the serum change in calcium phosphate product was greater in the paricalcitol group than in the other VDRA group (SMD =2.13, 95% CI: 0.19, 4.07; P=0.031). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (RR =1.02, 95% CI: 0.93, 1.12; P=0.674). Conclusion Paricalcitol was crucial in reducing the mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Moreover, both paricalcitol and other VDRAs were effective in control of the serum iPTH, calcium, and phosphorus levels. Given the potential limitations in this study, more prospective large-scale, well-conducted RCTs are needed to confirm these findings.
From Design Fiction to Design Friction: Speculative and Participatory Design of Values-Embedded Urban Technology

Abstract This paper discusses the results of the Designing Policy project, which engages current debates about urban technology through the creation of a visual toolkit and a series of workshops. The workshops were held in Chicago, New York, and Boston during 2012–2013 with funding from the Urban Communication Foundation. The purpose of the project was three-fold: (1) to open up the “black box” of urban technology in order to reveal the politics embedded in city infrastructures; (2) to move beyond discussions of urban problems and solutions, and towards a more conceptual future-oriented space; and (3) to explore the use of design methods such as visual prototypes and participatory design. This article introduces the concept of design friction as a way of understanding the ways in which conflicts, tensions and disagreements can move complex socio-technical discussions forward where they can be worked out through material engagement in hands-on prototyping.
Leadership and Six Sigma project success: the role of member cohesiveness and resource management

The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether the effect of leadership on Six Sigma project success (PS) may be mediated by member cohesiveness (MC). The second objective was to examine whether the impact of MC on PS was moderated by resource management. The effects of the project manager's leadership styles and MC on PS were also investigated in this research. To address the primary aims, a survey was used to measure the project manager's leadership styles, MC and the overall success of Six Sigma projects. The analyses suggest that MC may serve as a mediator between leadership and PS. The results also indicate that resource allocation has a moderating effect on the relationship between MC and PS.
Analyses of TID Induced Back Channel Threshold Voltage Shift of NMOS/SOI

A new approach to model the total ionizing dose (TID) induced back channel threshold voltage shift in SOI NMOS transistors was presented. Using a 2D finite element simulation, the trapped charge density in the buried oxide of SOI NMOS resulting from irradiating was analyzed. The model derives from the Radiation-Induced parasitic MOSFET created at the back of the buried oxide . A comparison of the theoretical and experimental results have been obtained for different radiation doses.The agreement between experimental and simulated curves is excellent.
Delivering Construction Education Programs through the Distance Mode: Case Study in Australia

AbstractDistance learning has gone through rapid expansion over the years. Statistics have shown that online enrollment has accounted for 25.3% of total enrollment in degree-granting postsecondary institutions in the United States by the end of 2008. Much has been discussed about the factors contributing to the success of distance courses. However, the design and delivery of distance learning construction programs (DLCPs) should not be overlooked, considering the characteristics of the construction industry and the construction discipline. Central Queensland University (alternatively known as CQ University) has offered DLCPs exclusively by the distance mode since 1990. From more than 20 years of experience, the university has identified a list of factors that can affect the success of DLCPs, including curriculum design, interface design, interactive delivery, and learning communities. It seems that these factors can adequately support the development of DLCPs by bridging the transition process, enhancing .
A State of the Art - Review on Abrasive Water Jet Machining Process

As technology advances, understanding the mechanism behind hybrid nontraditional processes is prerequisite for its effective commercial application. To enhance the versatility of Abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) process a comprehensive study of previous work is necessary. Researchers investigated the AWJM process from different point of view and concluded a number of remarks regarding the different aspect of the process. Widely scattered technical information are collated and explicitly presented in this paper. Findings from different works are broadly classified in modeling, parametric study and optimization. As one main benefit of using AWJM is that it is capable to machine almost all types of materials, so materials used for experimental works are also highlighted. A number of possible future scopes in this field of study are added in conclusion of this paper.
Fixed pitch rotor performance of large horizontal axis wind turbines

Experimental fixed pitch wind turbine performance data is presented for both the DOE/NASA Mod-0 and the Danish Gedser wind turbines. Furthermore, a method for calculating the output power from large fixed pitch wind turbines is presented. Modifications to classical blade element momentum theory are given that improve correlation with measured data. Improvement is particularly evident in high winds (low tip speed ratios) where aerodynamic stall occurs as the blade experiences high angles of attack.
Comparison of Outcomes Postoperation between Straight Leg Raising Test Negative and Positive Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation

Background: Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy is used increasingly in patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation. There is little knowledge on the related factors including SLR test influencing the operation. Therefore, we designed this prospective study to explore the relevant factors influencing postoperative effect of PTED surgery.Methods: Consecutive patients with LDH who came to our hospital from August 2015 to September 2016 and received PTED surgery. 4 kinds of scales including VAS (lumbar/leg), ODI and JOA were measured and reassessed at 1 day, 3 months, 6 months, 12months and 36 months after the PTED to assess their surgical outcomes. Results: All the patients had successful surgery. ODI and VAS (lumbar/leg) decreased in all patients and groups. And there was a statistically significant difference in each postoperative follow-up compared with that before surgery in every visit. In addition, the increase of JOA in postoperation was statistically significant compared with that before surgery. And, there is statistically significant difference between the three subpopulations (patients with SLR Positive (0°-30°), SLR Positive (31°-60°) and SLR Negative (61°-) in the changes of the scores of VAS(leg), ODI and JOA. However, there is no statistically significant difference between the three subpopulations (patients with SLR Positive (0°-30°), SLR Positive (31°-60°) and SLR Negative (61°--RRB- in the changes of the score of VAS(lumbar). Conclusions: PTED showed great effect on treating patients with lumbar disc herniation. And the main scale score such as VAS(leg). ODI and JOA showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the three subpopulations treated by PTED. Patients with SLR negative may get greater benefit from PTED.
Bioclimatic Design Principle a Solution to Thermal Discomfort in Minna Residences, Niger State Nigeria

Residential buildings are places where people find themselves to be for a better part of their day. For a lot of individuals, this should serve as a comfort zone but is being defeated by a number of factors that range from construction materials choices, inappropriate design concept to suite building location, lack of consideration of existing site features, micro climate of the building location and improper orientation of building. From the simple random sampling in Niger State Nigeria drawn from Dutsen Kura, Tunga and Chanchaga in Minna, it was deduced from the study by administering 25 questionnaires in Dutsen Kura, 14 in Chanchaga and 15 in Tunga that 49% of residents are uncomfortable in their homes during the day, while the rest 26% find it to be fair while 24% say it is good. The aim of this paper is to determine ways in which thermal comfort can be achieved in houses within Minna. The methodology adopted was both structured survey and observation. It was deduced that bioclimatic design through the use of readily available materials can reduce the effect of heat gain into the building, incorporation of natural landscape, and micro climate of the environment will be considered. It is recommended that individuals in their various capacities adopt such design principles in order to have a serene, energy efficient and less polluted environment. Keywords: Bioclimatic Design, Local Materials, Thermal Comfort.
Comparison of the forecasting accuracy of neural networks with other established techniques

A comparison of the forecast accuracy of artificial neural networks is made to other more established forecasting methodologies. Eight different types of forecasts were developed on a daily basis for five months and results analyzed. The MAPE (mean absolute percent error) was computed for each model. The series being forecast was the total system load for the Puget Sound Power and Light Company. The performance of the neural nets was disappointing with all but one of the other techniques outperforming them. Although the neural nets did not do well in this competition, this may be caused by a lack of forecasting experience by the neural net developers rather than limitations in the abilities of nets themselves. Forecasts made with neural nets using the same inputs showed dramatic improvements but the performance was still not as good as the best regression forecast. <<ETX>>
The biological effects of electromagnetic fields

The effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on different biological systems has been studied with variable results. Biological effects of these fields have been systematically measured in procaryotic organisms that have proven to be reproducible bioassays. Alfalfa sprouting experiments measured the amount of sprouting enhanced by the calcium resonance frequency. Alfalfa seeds sprouted in an incubator at an elevated temperature of 34 degrees C, subjected to the calcium resonance frequency, showed less stress than the control. The controls dried up instead of sprouting while the seeds placed in the fields continued to grow for up to 7 days. A diatom motility assay measured the response of this organism when exposed to an electromagnetic field on an agar plate with various millimolar concentrations of calcium. The organisms that glided and left a countable trail were tallied in a total of a hundred individuals. These experiments showed a 30% increase in the number of diatoms moving when exposed to the fields as compared to the control. However, apparently due to genetic variability in populations of this organism, the results were variable. The Ames Salmonella reversion assay was used to test for DNA damage, error prone repair, misrepair, and subsequent backmutation or reversion caused by the fields. When tested in electromagnetic fields at various frequencies, Salmonella appeared to show a biological response. This response was not robust but some statistical significance was seen. Escherichia coli strain, GE94, a lacZ fusion to a recA promoter can be used as a bioassay system for DNA damage and other physiological stresses such as inhibition of DNA replication. This fusion allows the cell to respond to a DNA damaging compound or physical process that inhibits replication. The cell produces β-galactosidase proportional to the amount of physiological stress which includes DNA damage. The E. coli experiments performed in the electromagnetic fields showed no enhancement of growth and a variable production of β-galactosidase depending on the field exposure. Experiments were performed on bacteria which were calcium depleted to add extra stress to the system. The results of these experiments showed a weak response with some statistical significance. THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
Redox Status and Muscle Pathology in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Insights from Various Rat Hindlimb Muscles

Due to atrophy, muscle weakness is a common occurrence in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The majority of human studies are conducted on the vastus lateralis muscle—a muscle with mixed fiber type—but little comparative data between multiple muscles in either rodent or human models are available. The current study therefore assessed both muscle ultrastructure and selected redox indicators across various muscles in a model of collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Only three muscles, the gastrocnemius, extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and soleus, had lower muscle mass (38%, 27%, and 25% loss of muscle mass, respectively; all at least P < 0.01), while the vastus lateralis muscle mass was increased by 35% (P < 0.01) in RA animals when compared to non-RA controls. However, all four muscles exhibited signs of deterioration indicative of rheumatoid cachexia. Cross-sectional area was similarly reduced in gastrocnemius, EDL, and soleus (60%, 58%, and 64%, respectively; all P < 0.001), but vastus lateralis (22% smaller, P < 0.05) was less affected, while collagen deposition was significantly increased in muscles. This pathology was associated with significant increases in tissue levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in all muscles except the vastus lateralis, while only the gastrocnemius had significantly increased levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and antioxidant activity (FRAP). Current data illustrates the differential responses of different skeletal muscles of the hindlimb to a chronic inflammatory challenge both in terms of redox changes and resistance to cachexia.
INTENTION TO ADOPT BIG DATA IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: A BRAZILIAN PERSPECTIVE

ABSTRACT Big data applications have been remodeling several business models and provoking strong radical transformations in supply chain management (SCM). Supported by the literature on big data, supply chain management, and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), this study aims to evaluate the variables that influence the intention of Brazilian SCM professionals to adopt big data. To this end, we adapted and validated a previously developed UTAUT model. A survey of 152 supply chain respondents revealed that facilitating conditions (e.g., IT infrastructure) have a high influence on their intention to adopt big data. However, social influence and performance expectancy showed no significant effect. This study contributes to the practical field, offering valuable insights for decision-makers considering big data projects. It also contributes to the literature by helping minimize the research gap in big data in the Brazilian context.
Establishing Mine Water Supply Network Physical Model Based on the Abnormal Similar Theory

It’s necessary to establish a perfect dust water supply system according to Coal mine safety regulations. In order to do researches on the reliability of mine dust water supply network, this paper deduces the similarity number of flow rate and pressure under the condition of abnormal similarity, and establish the physical model of mine water supply network according to the gravity similarity criterion at first in lin-nan mine as the background. Monitor the running status of the whole network, measure the flow rate and pressure of the monitoring stations, and then contrast the experiment result and EPANETH simulation result with the data of the original network. The results show that physical model meets gravity similarity under the condition of abnormal similarity, which provides the experimental basis for the follow-up research on mine water supply network.