Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of new generation systemic immune-inflammation markers to predict urine culture growth in urinary tract infection in children

Objective Systemic inflammation has been implicated in the development and progression of urinary tract infection (UTI). Accordingly, the aim of this study is to determine whether the white blood cell (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are useful markers to predict of urine culture growth in children with UTI. The second aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of UTI pathogens, antibiotic resistance patterns, and empirical treatment options in children diagnosed with UTI based on laboratory and clinical findings. Method The study population comprised 413 cases (positive urine culture) and 318 cases (negative urine culture) of pediatric patients with UTI. Results There was no statistically significant difference observed in the median levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet between the negative and positive culture groups. The median levels of monocytes, WBC, NLR, SII, and CRP of the patients with a positive urine culture were shown to be statistically significantly higher than the patients with a negative urine culture. The AUC value was 0.747 (0.710–0.784) for CRP with a cutoff value of 3.2, the sensitivity value was 56.4%, and the specificity value was 98.4% in terms of UTI. The AUC value was 0.733 (0.697–0.769) for SII with a cutoff value of 600, the sensitivity value was 58.4%, and the specificity value was 83.0%. The AUC value was 0.732 (0.697–0.769) for NLR with a cutoff value of 2, the sensitivity value was 57.4%, and the specificity value was 81.1%. Conclusion WBC, CRP, NLR, PLR, and SII could potentially serve as useful independent diagnostic or complementary markers for disease in children diagnosed with UTI who exhibit a positive urine culture. Escherichia coli was found to be the most common causative agent, and the commonly prescribed antibiotic was cephalosporin. However, it was observed that all identified agents of pediatric UTIs in our center exhibited high resistance to cefuroxime, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, cefixime, ampicillin, and ceftriaxone.
Development of Essential Oil-Loaded Polymeric Nanocapsules as Skin Delivery Systems: Biophysical Parameters and Dermatokinetics Ex Vivo Evaluation

Essential oils (EOs) are natural antioxidant alternatives that reduce skin damage. However, EOs are highly volatile; therefore, their nanoencapsulation represents a feasible alternative to increase their stability and favor their residence time on the skin to guarantee their effect. In this study, EOs of Rosmarinus officinalis and Lavandula dentata were nanoencapsulated and evaluated as skin delivery systems with potential antioxidant activity. The EOs were characterized and incorporated into polymeric nanocapsules (NC-EOs) using nanoprecipitation. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the ferric thiocyanate method. The ex vivo effects on pig skin were evaluated based on biophysical parameters using bioengineering techniques. An ex vivo dermatokinetic evaluation on pig skin was performed using modified Franz cells and the tape-stripping technique. The results showed that the EOs had good antioxidant activity (>65%), which was maintained after nanoencapsulation and purification. The nanoencapsulation of the EOs favored its deposition in the stratum corneum compared to free EOs; the highest deposition rate was obtained for 1,8-cineole, a major component of L. dentata, at 1 h contact time, compared to R. officinalis with a major deposition of the camphor component. In conclusion, NC-EOs can be used as an alternative antioxidant for skin care.
Slopes of Lunar Crater Size‐Frequency Distributions at Copernican‐Aged Craters

Craters on the lunar surface can provide valuable information about the timing and sequence of surface‐forming processes on the Moon. A commonly used method for age determination is the analysis of the crater size‐frequency distribution (CSFD) to which a production function (PF) is fitted that represents the size‐frequency distribution of the impactors. However, the commonly used PF of Neukum (1983) is valid for crater diameters between 10 m and 300 km. Neukum et al. (2001, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1035-0_3) revised the PF for crater diameters of 100 m–200 km. However, it is suggested to also be valid for the diameter range of 10 m–300 km as well. To assess whether we can extend a PF to craters ≤10 m in diameter, we investigated the slopes of the CSFDs of small craters formed on ejecta of young Copernican‐aged craters Giordano Bruno, Moore F, North Ray, and South Ray. A PF for smaller diameters would allow dating of young geological units, which are typically small, and would reduce the statistical error in age determinations, since smaller craters are more abundant. However, small craters are strongly influenced by geological factors, such as target properties, crater degradation, and secondary craters. For craters between 10 and 20 m we obtain a steeper CSFD slope than Neukum's proposed −3 slope (cumulative), whereas for craters ≤10 m the slope is about −3. We conclude that the PF of Neukum (1983) provides a reasonable CSFD slope for smaller craters, although it was not developed for this crater diameter range.
Plant Nutrition and Soil Fertility

designed to provide pertinent information on a variety of nutrient management, water management, and water quality issues to Extension agents, Certified Crop Advisers (CCAs), consultants, and producers. We have included 15 questions at the back of this module that will make the learning “active” as well as offer the potential for credits for CCAs in Nutrient Management (within the “Plant Nutrition” and “Soil Fertility” competency areas.) In addition, we have included a resource section of other Extension materials, books, web sites, and professionals in the field.
Climatic Signals in δ13C and δ18O of Tree-rings from White Spruce in the Mackenzie Delta Region, Northern Canada

Abstract Here we present the first tree-ring series (1850–2003) of stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope ratios from a high-latitude treeline site in northwestern Canada. Both δ13C and δ18O were measured at annual resolution from whole-ring α-cellulose of three white spruce trees (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) growing in the Mackenzie Delta. There is a strong positive association between δ13C and maximum summer temperatures. This relation likely results from the influence of temperature-induced drought stress on stomatal conductance. Mean summer relative humidity is also significantly correlated, inversely, with δ13C reflecting its direct influence on stomatal conductance. The δ18O record is strongly and positively correlated with early-spring to mid-summer minimum temperatures likely owing to the temperature dependence of δ18O in precipitation and uptake of this water during the growing season. Mean summer relative humidity is also significantly and inversely correlated with δ18O due to leaf water evaporative enrichment. Our δ13C and δ18O records contain a large amount of climate-driven variability indicating their considerable potential to infer past climate changes in the Mackenzie Delta region.
Deep-learning-based image super-resolution for enhanced root hair visualization and root traits analysis

The arrangement of plant roots and their overall structure, known as root system architecture (RSA), plays an important role in acquiring water and nutrients essential for plant growth and development. Moreover, the RSA demonstrates remarkable adaptability to environmental stresses, making it a central factor in plant adaptation. Root traits, including root length, root diameter, root length density (RLD), and the presence of root hairs, play a crucial role in optimizing resource utilization within the soil and enhancing productivity. In particular, root hairs play a crucial role in the overall health and functioning of plants. These microscopic, hair-like structures extend from the surface of root cells and greatly increase the root’s surface area, which accounts for approximately 70% of the total root area. The characteristics of root hairs, such as their length and density, significantly enhance soil nutrients and water uptake. Considering these advantages, it is difficult to observe root hairs in a scene with low resolution. Therefore, we proposed a study using deep learning-based image super-resolution methods as a pre-processing step that helps to reconstruct finer details and structures within the root hairs, leading to a more accurate representation of their morphology, to understand the improvement in the response of root hairs under different environmental conditions and their impact on nutrient and water uptake, models need to be evolved.
PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BUFFALOES IN PESHAWAR UNDER FARM CONDITIONS

A study was carried out to know the productive performance of buffaloes maintained at Livestock Farm of NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan. The data of buffalo herd was analyzed on the basis of daily, morning, evening and monthly milk yield as well as in different seasons of the year. The average highest and lowest milk production was found from 6-9 litres and 4-5 litres daily per buffalo. Morning yield was found slightly higher than evening during some months. The season on individual yearly basis did not show uniform pattern of highest yield trend but the comparative analysis on cumulative basis (including all seasons of all years) showed highest trend in summer (77.25 litres), followed by autumn (71.07 litres), spring (68.9 litres) and winter (63.72 litres). It was concluded from the present study that the milk production of buffaloes can be maintained at their maximum potential provided some good management practices are established at the farm e.g. deworming in regular intervals, feeding balanced ration and concentrates, ample quantity of drinking water and special care for seasonal requirement of the species both in terms of feeding and management.
The efficacy and safety of aspirin in preventing venous thrombosis in major orthopedic surgery: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: Major orthopedic surgery, including hip and knee replacement and lower extremity trauma fractures surgery, is associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), especially proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE), and is linked with high morbidity and mortality rates. Chemical anticoagulation is routinely used to prevent VTE, with previous meta-analyses reporting on the efficacy and safety of aspirin and other anticoagulants, however, opinions are divided. In the past 2 years, several large randomized controlled trials have been published, therefore, we reanalyzed aspirin efficacy and safety when compared with other anticoagulants in preventing VTE in major orthopedic surgery. Methods: Using PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases, we conducted a RCT search in August 2023. The main outcomes included VTE, proximal DVT or PE. Additional outcomes included bleeding events, wound complications, wound infections, blood transfusions, and death events. Results: In total, 17 eligible articles, involving 29,522 patients (15,253 aspirin vs 14,269 other anticoagulant cases), were included. Primary outcomes showed that VTE incidence was more high in the aspirin group when compared with other anticoagulants (risk ratio [RR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18–1.77, P = .0004) and proximal in the aspirin group the DVT and/or PE incidence was significantly higher in the aspirin group when compared with other anticoagulants (RR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.02–1.39, P = .03). No significant secondary outcome differences were identified in the aspirin group when compared with other anticoagulants (bleeding events [RR] = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.63–1.10, P = .20); wound complications (RR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.20–1.04, P = .06); wound infection (RR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.85–1.38, P = .53); blood transfusion events (RR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.84–1.19, P = 1.00) and death events (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.78–1.57, P = .55). Conclusions: Our updated meta-analysis showed that aspirin was inferior to when compared with other anticoagulants in VTE-related orthopedic major surgery, including proximal DVT and/or PE, and was more likely to form VTE. No differences between groups were identified for bleeding, wound complications, wound infections, transfusion, or death events.
Diatom fluxes in the NW Mediterranean: evidence from a 12-year sediment trap record and surficial sediments

We examined the total diatom flux and species composition, total coccolith flux and total mass flux collected with a sediment trap between October 1993 and January 2006 in the northeastern entrance of the Gulf of Lions (North Western Mediterranean). The average daily diatom and coccolith fluxes (3 x 10(7) valves m(2) d(1) and 6.1 x 10(8) coccoliths m(2) day(-1), respectively) are comparable in magnitude with previously reported data sets in other high productivity areas of the Western Mediterranean. The temporal particle flux pattern reflected the variations in surface oceanographic conditions and primary productivity, which showed strong annual cycling. Highest diatom, coccolith and total mass fluxes always occurred during the winter-spring transition, while minima were observed during summer. Changes in the diverse diatom communities reflected the water column conditions throughout the record. The intensity of the diatom winter-spring blooms seemed to be enhanced in those years with intense and cold winds during winter, whereas years with low winter wind stress were liable to be less productive for diatoms. Coccolith fluxes exhibited a more stable interannual pattern than diatom fluxes. Significant discrepancies were found between the sediment trap and surficial sediment diatom assemblages.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of Niphotrichum japonicum provides new insights into heat stress responses in mosses

With a diversity of approximately 22,000 species, bryophytes (hornworts, liverworts, and mosses) represent a major and diverse lineage of land plants. Bryophytes can thrive in many extreme environments as they can endure the stresses of drought, heat, and cold. The moss Niphotrichum japonicum (Grimmiaceae, Grimmiales) can subsist for extended periods under heat and drought conditions, providing a good candidate for studying the genetic basis underlying such high resilience. Here, we de novo assembled the genome of N. japonicum using Nanopore long reads combined with Hi-C scaffolding technology to anchor the 191.61 Mb assembly into 14 pseudochromosomes. The genome structure of N. japonicum’s autosomes is mostly conserved and highly syntenic, in contrast to the sparse and disordered genes present in its sex chromosome. Comparative genomic analysis revealed the presence of 10,019 genes exclusively in N. japonicum. These genes may contribute to the species-specific resilience, as demonstrated by the gene ontology (GO) enrichment. Transcriptome analysis showed that 37.44% (including 3,107 unique genes) of the total annotated genes (26,898) exhibited differential expression as a result of heat-induced stress, and the mechanisms that respond to heat stress are generally conserved across plants. These include the upregulation of HSPs, LEAs, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging genes, and the downregulation of PPR genes. N. japonicum also appears to have distinctive thermal mechanisms, including species-specific expansion and upregulation of the Self-incomp_S1 gene family, functional divergence of duplicated genes, structural clusters of upregulated genes, and expression piggybacking of hub genes. Overall, our study highlights both shared and species-specific heat tolerance strategies in N. japonicum, providing valuable insights into the heat tolerance mechanism and the evolution of resilient plants.
Differences in Burnout Aspects in Croatian Nursing Students – A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Burnout syndrome is a growing concern among nursing students, potentially impacting their academic success and future professional performance. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of burnout syndrome in Croatian nursing students and examine the associations between burnout and demographic features (age, gender, year of study, part-time or full-time study). Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with 423 nursing students from the University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Rijeka. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI); MBI human services survey was used to assess burnout levels. Results: Nursing students at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Rijeka, experienced higher burnout levels than those at the University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb (χ2 = 10.214, ss = 2, p = 0.006). Significant associations were found between burnout levels and age, gender, year of study, and enrolment status. Specifically, younger students, female students, and full-time students reported higher levels of emotional exhaustion (EE). 2nd-year students reported lower EE than their first and 3rd-year peers. Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of recognizing and addressing the unique needs and stressors faced by different subgroups of nursing students. Tailored interventions and support systems are essential for alleviating burnout and promoting well-being in nursing students. Further research, including longitudinal studies, is required to better understand burnout progression and to inform the development of effective strategies for reducing burnout in nursing education.
Pregnancy and Inflammatory Rheumatological Diseases: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study

Background Rheumatic diseases pose risks to pregnant women, leading to complications like preterm birth, congenital heart block, and pregnancy loss. These diseases are expected to deteriorate during pregnancy and further in the postpartum period. The impact of these diseases on the pregnancy will add further burden on the patient, fetus, physician, and healthcare system. Advances in diagnosis and treatment have improved outcomes making them similar to that of healthy women, but close follow-up in a multidisciplinary clinic is essential. The objective of this study is to study the outcome of pregnancy in women with rheumatological disease and the behavior of the disease during pregnancy. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to compare the outcomes of pregnancy across three rheumatological diseases: Sjogren syndrome (SS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from 2016 to 2021. A total of 128 pregnancies in 107 women with rheumatological diseases were included in this study. Pregnancy measures and outcomes were investigated by assessing maternal health, fetal health, and pregnancy complications, specifically maternal disease activity, medications to control the disease, infection, preterm birth, birth weight, abortions/stillbirths, mode of delivery, bleeding, preeclampsia, congenital heart block, and neonatal lupus. Results There were 55 patients with RA (63 RA pregnancies), 44 with SLE (54 SLE pregnancies), and eight with primary SS (11 SS pregnancies). In most of the pregnancies (n= 108; 95.58%), the patients were in clinical remission before pregnancy. Lupus nephritis, which was in remission before pregnancy, has been reported in nine (16.67%) out of 54 SLE pregnancies. Vaginal delivery was the most common mode of delivery (n=87; 67.97%). On the other hand, there were 38 cesarean sections (29.69%). Rheumatological disease flares occurred in 10 pregnancies (7.87%). One hundred and twenty-two live births were delivered. Preterm infants were born in 25 pregnancies (20.16%), and 16 (13.22%) of the newborns needed neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care. Interestingly, congenital heart block (CHB) was found in five (12.2%) neonates out of 41 anti-SS-related antigen A (anti-SSA) positive mothers; one of those five died from heart block. Eleven neonates were delivered with positive serology, and five were diagnosed with neonatal lupus. Conclusion The outcome of pregnancy in patients with rheumatological disease is favorable. A multidisciplinary team approach and close clinical follow-up are the cornerstone for such success. A small dose of prednisolone (5 mg or less) is safe and will not have a negative impact on maternal or fetal health. CHB is a concern for pregnant women with positive anti-SSA.
Palynology of Late Miocene to Pliocene Agbada Formation, Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria

A B S T R A C T A palynological study of forty ditch-cutting samples from CHEV-2 well drilled offshore in the Niger Delta showed that the sediments were mainly deposited during the Miocene age. Palynological assemblage was dominated by pollen and spores with rare occurrence of dinoflagellate cysts. The stratigraphic ranges of Retitricolporites irregularis , Psilatricolporites crassus , Echitritricolporites spinosus , Zonocostites ramonae , Foveotricolporites crassiexius , Monoporites annulatus, Psilatricolporites operculatus , Multiareolites formosus , Podocarpus milanjianus and some other marker species were used to demarcate five informal palynogical zones in the study area.
An Empirical Model of Barotropic Atmospheric Dynamics and Its Response to Tropical Forcing

Abstract A linear empirical model of barotropic atmospheric dynamics is constructed in which the streamfunction tendency field is optimally predicted using the concurrent streamfunction state as a predictor. The prediction equations are those resulting from performing a linear regression between tendency and state vectors. Based on the formal analogy between this model and the linear nondivergent barotropic vorticity equation, this empirical model is applied to problems normally addressed with a conventional model based on physical principles. It is found to qualitatively represent the horizontal dispersion of energy and to skillfully predict how a general circulation model will respond to steady tropical heat sources. Analysis of model solutions indicates that the empirical model’s dynamics include processes that are not represented by conventional nondivergent linear models. Most significantly, the influence of internally generated midlatitude divergence anomalies and of anomalous vorticity fluxes by hi.