Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of boundary shear stress distribution in open channels using flownet

An approach using flownet to calculate the boundary shear stress distribution along the wetted perimeter in a two dimensional flow is proposed. This approach is based on the assumption that the energy production balances the energy dissipation within the sub-area between two adjacent potential lines. The energy exchange induced by the large scale secondary flow cells between the sub-areas is neglected. The free water surface is used as the imaginary boundary to which the potential lines are perpendicular. The wetted cross section is mapped by orthogonal stream and potential lines. The wetted perimeter and cross section is divided into a number of segments and sub-area by the potential lines. The boundary shear stress over each boundary segment is the gravity force of the corresponding sub-area in the streamwise direction. The flownet method is applied to circular, rectangular, trapezoidal, and compound channels. The comparisons with experimental data and other analytical methods show that the flownet method estimates well the boundary shear stress distribution along the wetted perimeter, especially near the water margins and corners of the channel boundary where most of the existing analytical methods fail
Women’s Self-Care Practices Improvement Strategy regarding Post-Surgical Complications of Breast Cancer

Background: Breast cancer is a significant health problem worldwide, and a complex disease physically and psychologically. Mastectomy is not an easy decision for any woman as it leads to changes in everyday life and has significantly negative influence on those women body image. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of women's self- care practices improvement strategy regarding post-surgical complications of breast cancer. Design: AQuasi experimental research design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at Beni-Suef University Hospital at Oncology Outpatient Clinics &Surgical Department (Oncology Ward). Sample: A Convenient sample of 80 women was included in the study. Tools: Four tools were utilized for data collection; Tool I: A Structured interviewing Questionnaire sheet: which divided into two parts: Part I: socio-demographic data, Part II: A) obstetric and menstrual history B) Medical and surgical history. Tool II: Self-Care Questionnaire, Tool III: Measure of arm symptoms survey which divided into two parts. Part I: Used to assess the potential risk factors for arm lymphedema, Part II: Used to assess the severity of arm symptoms, and Tool IV: Body Image Scale. Results : There was a highly statistically significant improvement in women self-care practices regarding post-surgical complication of breast cancer at post intervention phase. Conclusion: Implementation of improvement strategy enhance women” practices regarding post-surgical complication of breast cancer. Recommendation: Increase awareness program and different educational programs should be available at the hospital to be taught to the patients to increase their satisfaction with care presented to them.
Critical Depth, Velocity Profiles, and Averaging

Open-channel hydraulics is a subset of shallow-water theory that, in turn, is a subset of hydrodynamics. The distinguishing feature of shallow-water theory is the assumption of hydrostatic pressure. One-dimensional, open-channel hydraulics goes further in that it averages the velocity in both the vertical and the horizontal directions. The derivation of the open-channel equations from the general hydrodynamics relationships displays the approximations. The hydrostatic approximation is well documented in the literature, but some confusion persists in the averaging process, a confusion that leads to erroneous definitions of critical depth, Froude number, and even Bernoulli’s equation. Critical depth must be defined so that it displays the singularities in the unsteady and steady equations of motion. Bernoulli’s equation stems from conservation of momentum and should not carry an energy correction factor for nonuniform velocity distribution. In most circumstances, the error made by neglecting momentum and energy correction factors is tertiary, smaller than errors of erroneous friction and nonhydrostatic pressure.
Existence and uniqueness of an optimum in the infinite-horizon portfolio-cum-saving model with semimartingale investments

The model considered here is essentially that formulated in the authors previous paper Conditions for Optimality in the Infinite-Horizon Portfolio-cum Saving Problem with Semimartingale Investments, Stochastics 29 (1990) pp.133-171. In this model, the vector process representing returns to investments is a general semimartingale. Processes defining portfolio plans are here required only to be predictable and non-negative. Existence of an optimal portfolio-cum-saving plan id proved under slight conditions of integrability imposed on the welfare functi nal; the proofs rely on properties of weak precompactness of portfolio and utility sequences in suitable Lp spaces together with dominated and monotone convergence arguments. Conditions are also obtained for the uniqueness of the portfolio plan generating a given returns process and for the uniqueness of an optimal plan; here use is made of random measures associated with the jumps of a semimartingale.
Epidemiologic, Genetic, Pathogenic, Metabolic, Epigenetic Aspects Involved in NASH-HCC: Current Therapeutic Strategies

Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive human cancer and is caused as consequences of chronic liver diseases. Although HCC is more common in patients with cirrhosis, there is increasing evidence that this cancer may develop in the setting of noncirrhotic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), even simple hepatic steatosis may progress to carcinogenesis development. NASH is associated with obesity, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D), which are becoming emerging risk factors for the development of HCC, as well as for cardiovascular disease. In this review, we discuss the current molecular data supporting the link between HCC and NASH, with a focus on metabolic alterations, genetic and epigenetic drivers, including current therapeutic strategies for NASH and HCC prevention and treatment. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and is the sixth most frequent cancer in the world, being the third cause of cancer-related deaths. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by fatty infiltration, oxidative stress and necroinflammation of the liver, with or without fibrosis, which can progress to advanced liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and HCC. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and diabetes exacerbates the course of NASH, which elevate the risk of HCC. The growing prevalence of obesity are related with increasing incidence of NASH, which may play a growing role in HCC epidemiology worldwide. In addition, HCC initiation and progression is driven by reprogramming of metabolism, which indicates growing appreciation of metabolism in the pathogenesis of this disease. Although no specific preventive pharmacological treatments have recommended for NASH, dietary restriction and exercise are recommended. This review focuses on the molecular connections between HCC and NASH, including genetic and risk factors, highlighting the metabolic reprogramming and aberrant epigenetic alterations in the development of HCC in NASH. Current therapeutic aspects of NASH/HCC are also reviewed.
Nonlocal vibration and instability analysis of embedded DWCNT conveying fluid under magnetic field with slip conditions consideration

In this study, vibration of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) conveying fluid placed in uniform magnetic field is carried out based on nonlocal elasticity theory. DWCNT is embedded in Pasternak foundation and is simulated as a Timoshenko beam (TB) model which includes rotary inertia and transverse shear deformation in the formulation. Considering slip boundary conditions and van der Waals (vdW) forces between inner and the outer nanotubes, the governing equations of motion are discretized and differential quadrature method (DQM) is applied to obtain the frequency of DWCNTs for clamped–clamped boundary condition. The detailed parametric study is conducted, focusing on the remarkable effects of small scale, Knudsen number, elastic medium, magnetic field, density, and velocity of conveying fluid on the stability of DWCNT. Results indicate that considering slip boundary conditions has significant effect on stability of DWCNTs. Also, it is found that trend of figures have good agreement with the previous researches. Results of this investigation could be applied for optimum design of nano/micro mechanical devices for controlling stability of DWCNTs conveying fluid under magnetic fields.
Gyrosynchrotron Emission from Anisotropic Electron Distributions

We present numerical calculations of the intensity, degree of polarization, and spectral index of gyrosynchrotron emission produced by fast electrons with anisotropic pitch-angle distributions. The anisotropy is found to affect the emission substantially. The emission intensity can change up to a few orders of magnitude at the optically thin region compared with the isotropic case. The local value of spectral index changes considerably with the anisotropy. X-mode polarization increases for loss cone distributions and decreases for beamlike distributions. Moreover, the sense of polarization can correspond to the ordinary wave mode at the optically thin region for a certain range of view angles for beamlike distributions. We discuss possible applications and observability of the effects obtained.
Spectroscopic Properties of Pr3+, Tm3+, and Ho3+ in Germanate-Based Glass Systems Modified by TiO2

In this paper, the effect of the GeO2:TiO2 molar ratio in glass composition on the spectroscopic properties of germanate glasses was systematically investigated. The visible luminescence bands associated with characteristic 1D2 → 3H4 (red), 5S2, 5F4 → 5I8 (green), and 1D2 → 3F4 (blue) transitions of Pr3+, Ho3+, and Tm3+ ions in systems modified by TiO2 were well observed, respectively. It was found that the luminescence intensity of glasses containing Pr3+ and Ho3+ ions increases, whereas, for Tm3+-doped systems, luminescence quenching with increasing content of TiO2 was observed. Based on Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates (x, y) analysis, it was demonstrated that the value of chromaticity coordinates for all glasses depends on the GeO2:TiO2 molar ratio. The addition of TiO2 to system compositions doped with Tm3+ ions shifts the (x, y) to the center of the CIE diagram. However, chromaticity coordinates evaluated for glasses containing Pr3+ ions move to a purer red color. Our results confirm that the spectroscopic properties of the studied glasses strongly depend on TiO2 content. Moreover, it can be stated that germanate-based glass systems modified by TiO2 can be used for optoelectronics in RGB technology as red (Pr3+), green (Ho3+), and blue (Tm3+) emitters.
Social Media and the Broadening of Social Movements: Evidence from Black Lives Matter

IZA DP No. 15812 DECEMBER 2022 Social Media and the Broadening of Social Movements: Evidence from Black Lives Matter* How do modern social movements broaden their base? Prompted by the viral video footage of George Floyd’s murder, the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement gained unprecedented scope in the spring of 2020. In this paper, we show that pandemic exposure (COVID-19 related deaths) significantly increased the take-up of social media and subsequently mobilized protesters in whiter, more affluent and suburban counties with low ex-ante probability of protesting. We exploit Super Spreader Events in the early stages of the pandemic as a source of plausibly exogenous variation at the county level and develop a novel index of social media penetration, using information from more than 45 million tweets, google searches and mobility data. We show that a one standard deviation increase in pandemic exposure increased the number of new Twitter accounts by 27% and increased protest propensity by 9 percentage points. Our results suggest that social media can be persuasive and inspire action outside of traditional coalitions. JEL Classification: P16, D7
First Documented Record of Sineancylus rosanae (Gutiérrez Gregoric, 2012) (Mollusca: Planorbidae: Ancylinae) in Southern Brazil

Abstract: Sineancylus rosanae (Gutiérrez Gregoric, 2012) is a freshwater limpet that has its apex located along midline on the anterior side of shell, different from other species of Ancylinae. Previously, it was considered a species of Laevapex in the Brazilian states of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul. Agudo-Padrón (2007) also mentioned Laevapex sp. without giving a precise locality or an image of the material in question. Therefore, it is unknown if this record was really a Laevapex species or a misidentified Sineancylus. Due to its rarity, limited distribution, and its peculiar characters, herein we provide a proper record of S. rosanae from the state of Paraná, Brazil, expanding its known distribution. A population of S. rosanae was discovered in the Ocoí River (municipality of Medianeira) attached to basalt stones in the middle of the river. The shells analyzed in this study closely fit the original description.
Morning individuals in Saudi Arabia have higher self-regulation of eating behavior compared to evening types

ABSTRACT Chronotype is a manifestation of an individual’s circadian system, which can be presented as a preference for morningness or eveningness. Evening chronotype has been linked to unhealthy dietary habits. These habits are partially from poor self-regulation of eating behavior (SREB). SREB is a goal-directed process that helps resist food temptation and achieve desired dietary outcomes. It is unclear whether chronotype is associated with SREB. This study aims to investigate the association between chronotypes and SREB. A total of 599 adults (18–50 years) enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Participants received an online questionnaire that collected sociodemographic, anthropometrics, chronotype through the validated reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) and SREB using the SREB Questionnaire. ANOVA, Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used. In adjusted models, morning types had 85% higher SREB compared to evening types (p = 0.003, OR = 1.85). Evening types found fried foods (p = 0.003), chips (p = 0.005) and French fries (p = 0.018) more tempting than morning types. These findings show a link between chronotype and SREB. Strategies focusing on SREB may help evening types improve dietary habits. Further studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms for these associations. This may have important implications for lifestyle and behavioral change policy.
Effect of substratum types on the growth of assimilators and stolons of Caulerpa okamurae (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta)

To examine the effects of substratum types on the growth of Caulerpa okamurae, sand surface and sand burial experiments were conducted. Five assimilators (erect fronds) per replicate were cultured for 15 d on the surface of three different treatments: fine sand (200 μm), coarse sand (600 μm), and no sand (control). Also, three stolons and three assimilators were buried by fine grain or coarse grain sands and incubated for 15 d. In both experiments, other culture conditions included 25°C, 30 μmol photons m-2 s-1, and 16 : 8 h L : D (light : dark). In both experiments, stolon + assimilator-, assimilator-, and stolon-weights were measured. Relative growth rates (RGRs) of stolon + assimilator weights ranged from 0.43 to 1.95% d-1 at no sand and fine sand treatment, respectively. RGRs for the weight of stolon + assimilator and new assimilators were significantly greater on the fine- and coarse sand surface than the control. In the burial experiments, RGRs of stolons (4.28% d-1 at coarse sand and 5.57% d-1 at fine sand, respectively) were significantly greater than those of assimilators (1.38% d-1 at fine sand and 1.82% d-1 at coarse sand, respectively). When stolons were buried, RGRs for assimilators were greater at the fine sand than at the coarse sand treatment. On the other hand, RGRs of buried assimilators for total frond weights and for newly produced stolons were significantly greater at the coarse sands than at the fine sands. In conclusion, C. okamurae grew well with all substrates of sands and showed better growth on fine sands than coarse ones. This result suggests that the growth of stolons and assimilators of C. okamurae is stimulated after stable attachment to the sand substrates by rhizophores. In addition, stolons showed higher growth rates than the assimilators in the sand burial states, indicating that stolons are more tolerant to low light than assimilators of C. okamurae.
Non-conventional meals and cakes in ruminants

A comprehensive review on nutritive value of non-conventional meals and cakes, viz. sal seed meal, neem cake, castor oil cake, karanj cake, rubber seed meal, guar meal and palm kernel cake, their safe levels of inclusion in ruminant diet and various processing methods for their detoxification was carried out. CP content in above feeds was well above 20% except sal seed meal (14%). Among several methods water washing, soaking, steam cooking, chemical and biological methods were the most abundantly tried by the researchers. Chemical treatment was effective in reducing toxic principles from sal seed meal (80â€“90%), neem seed cake, castor oil cake (around 100%) and karanj cake. In several cases, water washing after chemical treatment resulted in huge loss of dry matter (DM). Biological treatment with fungal culture was successful for the safe inclusion of guar meal and rubber seed cake. Thus non-conventional ingredients on detoxification hold a great promise in reducing the competition for feedstuff among human and ruminants and also in balancing ruminant ration.
Blinatumomab in Relapsed/Refractory Burkitt Lymphoma

Simple Summary 20–40% of patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) have relapsing or refractory (r/r) disease, and standard treatment for such patients is poorly established. An unexplored treatment option is the bispecific T-cell engager blinatumomab, as used for the treatment of r/r and minimal residual disease (MRD) positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). So far, data on the use of blinatumomab in r/r BL are limited. In this retrospective multi-center case series, we investigated blinatumomab treatment in nine patients with r/r BL after 1–3 previous therapy lines. Data on safety and efficacy were collected. No high-grade (≥grade 3) adverse effects (AEs) occurred, and use of blinatumomab was found to be safe. The best response to blinatumomab and survival data varied considerably among patients, but with five from nine patients responding, blinatumomab seems to have activity in patients with r/r BL. Our data suggest that blinatumomab could be further explored in r/r BL. Abstract In patients with relapsed/refractory Burkitt lymphoma (r/r BL), overall survival (OS) is poor, and effective therapies and evidence for the best therapy are lacking. The monoclonal antibody blinatumomab may represent a novel option. However, only limited data on the use of blinatumomab in r/r BL are so far available. This multi-center, retrospective case series investigated nine patients with r/r BL treated with blinatumomab. The safety of blinatumomab was assessed with respect to frequency and severity of adverse effects (AEs) infections, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity. Progression-free survival (PFS), OS and overall response rate (ORR) were analyzed to assess efficacy. No AEs > grade 2 occurred, and AEs were generally treatable and fully reversible. The best response to blinatumomab was complete remission in 3/9 patients and partial remission in 2/9, whilst 4/9 presented with progressive disease. Median PFS and OS were 2 and 6 months, respectively, ranging from 5 days to 32 months and 11 days to 32 months, respectively. Blinatumomab treatment was a successful bridging treatment to stem cell transplantation in 3/9 patients. The response to blinatumomab varied widely, and only one patient survived longer term, but activity in patients with r/r BL was evident in some patients, with its use being safe, warranting its prospective investigation.
Statistics of turbulence subgrid-scale stresses: Necessary conditions and experimental tests

Some thoughts are presented regarding the question: when can a subgrid‐scale model yield correct statistics of resolved fields in a large‐eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flow. The filtered Navier–Stokes equations are used to find necessary conditions on the statistical properties of the modeled subgrid‐scale stress tensor, for statistical equivalence between a ‘‘real’’ and a modeled (via LES) turbulent velocity field. When trying to formulate sufficient conditions, an unclosed hierarchy of expressions is obtained, essentially due to the ‘‘turbulence problem’’ of the resolved scales of motion. Experimental (statistical a priori) testing of subgrid‐scale models is performed, based on single‐probe measurements in grid turbulence and on several key assumptions. Three versions of the eddy‐viscosity model are considered: constant eddy viscosity, subgrid kinetic energy, and the usual Smagorinsky eddy viscosity. Measured joint moments between filtered velocity and real or modeled subgrid scale stresses show th.
Response of Faba Bean to Foliar Spraying with Chelated Iron under different Nitrogen Fertilization Treatments in Sandy Soils

: Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons at El-Qasasin district in Ismailia Governorate to study the effect of four nitrogen fertilization treatments namely 20, 40, 60 and 40 Kg N/fad plus spraying with 1% urea as well as three concentrations of chelated iron (12.5% Fe) as foliar spraying namely tap water (control), 750 and 1500 ppm on yield, its components and quality of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) Nubaria 3 variety in sandy soils of Ismailia Governorate. Plant height, number of branches and pods per plant, seeds number per pod, weight of pods and seeds per plant, hundred seed weight, seed and straw yields per fad as well as seed crude protein percentage of faba bean were significantly increased by raising nitrogen fertilization rate up to 60 Kg N/fad, which also exceeded significantly the treatment of 40 Kg N/fad plus spraying with 1% urea. Increasing chelated iron concentration as foliar spraying up to 1500 ppm statistically increased all aforementioned characters. The interaction between nitrogen fertilization treatments and foliar spraying with chelated iron affected significantly all aforementioned characters. The highest values of these characters produced from faba bean plants received 60 Kg N/fad and sprayed with 1500 ppm chelated iron.
Perceptions of Professional Growth: A Mathematics Teacher Educator in Transition

To meet the need for reform in mathematics teacher preparation courses, two cycles of changes made in an elementary mathematics methods course are presented. Using action research, teaching approaches were developed, implemented, and evaluated as a meaningful way to continue my professional development. Results suggested that I improved my teaching practices and focused more on teaching tasks that engaged my students to “think like teachers. ” Three critical components of teacher preparation courses are identified that are important for teacher educators to acknowledge when implementing change: (a) using reflective verbal and written communication, (b) establishing a collaborative mathematical community, and (c) focusing on a narrower selection of mathematical content.