Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mycoprotein Production from Date Waste Using Fusarium venenatum in a Submerged Culture

Background and objective: Production of single cell protein has various outstanding advantages, e.g., it can be grown on waste and it is environmental friendly as it helps in upgrading agricultural wastes. In the present study, the influence of process parameters on the biomass formation (g l -1 ), protein production (% w w -1 ) and volumetric productivity (g l -1 h -1 ) of Fusarium venenatum IR372C was determined. Material and methods: The Vogel medium was used with glucose as the carbon source for pre culture cultivation and date sugar as the carbon source for production medium. In the first phase of the study, submerged fermentation was conducted in 500 ml flasks and a 3l stirred-tank bioreactor was exploited to conduct the submerged fermentation in the second phase. Plackett-Burman Design with eleven factors, i.e., date sugar concentration, NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , peptone, MgSO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , temperature, time, shake rate, inoculate age, inoculate size, pH in two levels and Response Surface Methodology with three variables, i.e., date sugar concentration, time and inoculate size were employed to determine the fermentation condition by which the maximum biomass, protein and productivity were achieved. Results and conclusion: Based on obtained results, by using the selected levels of influencing process variables, a relatively high amount of total protein ( ca . 4 g l -1 , 65.3% in the first phase using flasks and 5.5 g l -1 , 76% in the second phase by using the bioreactor, respectively) was achieved. The amino and fatty acid profiles of mycoprotein and its relatively high fiber content (6%) imply that mycoprotein could be incorporated in various types of foods as a functional ingredient. Conflict of interest All authors have declared that they don’t have any conflict of interest for publishing this research.
The impact of lattice vibrations on the macroscopic breathing behavior of MIL-53(Al)

Abstract The mechanism inducing the breathing in flexible metal-organic frameworks, such as MIL-53(Al), is still not fully understood. Herein, the influence of lattice vibrations on the breathing transition in MIL-53(Al) is investigated to gain insight in this phenomenon. Through solid-state density-functional theory calculations, the volume-dependent IR spectrum is computed together with the volume-frequency relations of all vibrational modes. Furthermore, important thermodynamic properties such as the Helmholtz free energy, the specific heat capacity, the bulk modulus, and the volumetric thermal expansion coefficient are derived via these volume-frequency relations using the quasi-harmonic approximation. The simulations expose a general volume-dependency of the vibrations with wavenumbers above 300 cm−1 due to their localized nature. In contrast, a diverse set of volume-frequency relations are observed for vibrations in the terahertz region (<300 cm−1) containing the vibrations exhibiting collective behavior. Some terahertz vibrations display large frequency differences over the computed volume range, induced by either repulsion or strain effects, potentially triggering the phase transformation. Finally, the impact of the lattice vibrations on the thermodynamic properties is investigated. This reveals that the closed pore to large pore phase transformation in MIL-53(Al) is mainly facilitated by terahertz vibrations inducing rotations of the organic linker, while the large pore to closed pore phase transformation relies on two framework-specific soft modes.
Stability and Change in Self-Reported Psychosocial Stress Among Parents of Small Children.

Results of the Longitudinal Study “Kinder in Deutschland – KiD 0–3” Psychosocial stress has a negative effect on child development. Longitudinal data on psychosocial stress in families with small children are essential to assess the families’ need for preventive measures and to expand the support offered to meet their actual requirements (1). The aim of this study was to describe the stability and change in psychosocial stress and to investigate a poten-tially negative association of parenting stress with parent-reported child development.
Pemanfaatan Arang Aktif Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Teraktivasi H3PO4 untuk Penurunan Kadar Besi (Fe), Mangan (Mn) dan Kondisi pH pada Air Asam Tambang

Acid mine drainage is water containing dissolved metals such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and other sulfate compounds. It causes various impacts such as environmental pollution, reducing soil fertility, disrupting the health of surrounding communities, and causes the corrosion of mining equipment. The adsorption method is used to reduce the concentration of heavy metals from liquid waste. Activated carbon of palm shell can be used as a heavy metal adsorbent in acid mine drainage. The research aims to determine the utilization of activated palm shell activated H3PO4for decreased levels of Fe, Mn and pH conditions in acid mine drainage. The research methods consist of carbonation process, activation, activated carbon characteristic test, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test, activated carbon adsorption test of palm shell to Fe, Mn and pH condition in acid mine drainage. It used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with one factor. The data analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan test. The result showed that activated carbon of palm shell activated H3PO4 meets the quality of active carbon characteristics in accordance with SNI 06-3730-95, the active carbon of palm shells with H3PO4 activation has a significant effect on changes in the condition of heavy metals Fe and Mn, also the pH of acid mine drainage. The result showed that the most effective H3PO4 activated carbon dose variation on the Fe parameter is 30g, the Mn parameter is 20g and the pH is 30g.
Designing Physics Learning Based on Local Potential During New Normal Era

This research explored and looked forward to the competencies and objectives of the feasibility of learning designs needed for the post-quarantine era of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, especially in Papua. The research method used in our study is qualitative which focuses on structural analysis to answer problems in the research found through preliminary studies. Our research sites are located in several educational institutions in Papua. The study population was all students at the elementary, junior high, high school and university levels in Papua, Indonesia. We used a sampling method in the form of a purposive sampling technique. The samples were three academic institutions; SMP N 5 Jayapura, SMA Pembangunan V Yappis, and Universitas Cenderawasih. Research instruments for collecting data were in the form of interview sheets, observation sheets, and questionnaires related to physics learning in the new normal era. The results of the study found that the physics learning design based on local potential in the new normal era can be an alternative for teaching physics concepts contextually. Students can observe the surrounding environment related to local customary culture which is indigenous science and educators represent the report in the form of a connection between the concept of science and local culture.
Photodegradation of Unmodified and Thermally Modified Wood Due to Indoor Lighting

Considering interior applications, sunlight, both direct through open window and through window glass, and artificial lighting are the main sources of radiation possessing sufficient energy to trigger photodegradation processes in wood. LED lamps, which emit mostly visible light, are becoming the dominant artificial light source in various interiors. In the present study, photodegradation of thermally modified (TM) and unmodified (UM) ash (Fraxinus excelsior), aspen (Populus tremula), and pine (Pinus sylvestris) due to exposure to UV radiation and LED lamps was evaluated and compared by analysing wood discolouration (CIELAB colour space), changes in reflectance and FTIR spectra, and formation of water-soluble components. The results show that, apart from UV radiation, LED lamps may cause considerable photodegradation of both TM and UM wood resulting in visually perceptible colour change, alteration in chemical structure and formation of water-soluble components. Improved photo-stability was observed for TM wood exposed to UV radiation, while even more changes in FTIR spectra were detected for TM than UM wood in the experiment with LED lamps. Comparing TM and UM wood, the changes due to photodegradation were quite similar for TM wood of all species while significant differences were observed in the case of UM wood.
Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Estimating PM2.5 Concentrations across Malaysia

Southeast Asia (SEA) is a hotspot region for atmospheric pollution and haze conditions, due to extensive forest, agricultural and peat fires. This study aims to estimate the PM2.5 concentrations across Malaysia using machine-learning (ML) models like Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Regression (SVR), based on satellite AOD (aerosol optical depth) observations, ground measured air pollutants (NO2, SO2, CO, O3) and meteorological parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction). The estimated PM2.5 concentrations for a two-year period (2018–2019) are evaluated against measurements performed at 65 air-quality monitoring stations located at urban, industrial, suburban and rural sites. PM2.5 concentrations varied widely between the stations, with higher values (mean of 24.2 ± 21.6 µg m−3) at urban/industrial stations and lower (mean of 21.3 ± 18.4 µg m−3) at suburban/rural sites. Furthermore, pronounced seasonal variability in PM2.5 is recorded across Malaysia, with highest concentrations during the dry season (June–September). Seven models were developed for PM2.5 predictions, i.e., separately for urban/industrial and suburban/rural sites, for the four dominant seasons (dry, wet and two inter-monsoon), and an overall model, which displayed accuracies in the order of R2 = 0.46–0.76. The validation analysis reveals that the RF model (R2 = 0.53–0.76) exhibits slightly better performance than SVR, except for the overall model. This is the first study conducted in Malaysia for PM2.5 estimations at a national scale combining satellite aerosol retrievals with ground-based pollutants, meteorological factors and ML techniques. The satisfactory prediction of PM2.5 concentrations across Malaysia allows a continuous monitoring of the pollution levels at remote areas with absence of measurement networks.
Isolation and characterization of a newly keratinase producing Bacillus sp N1 from tofu liquid waste

Keratinase is one of important industrial enzyme. The enzyme is produced by wide range of microbes. Microbial diversity offers keratinase diversity as well. Tofu liquid waste is rich with protein and a good natural environment for microorganism which produced extracellular protein hydrolases. This work reports our work on an isolation of a newly keratinase producing bacterium from tofu liquid waste. A keratinase producing bacterium was isolated in four steps: microbial enrichment using chicken feather to elevate population of keratinase producing microorganism, selection of protease producing microorganism by growing it on skim-milk agar medium following by securing colonies with proteolitic index above 3, selection of keratinase producing microorganism in chicken feather liquid medium, and selection of keratinase producing microorganism with highest keratinase activity. Species of a selected microorganism was identified base on 16S rRNA gene sequence. the isolate was identified as Bacillus sp with maximum sequence identity of 89% compare to the available sequence on the data base. Bacillus sp is capable to produce extracellular keratinase under 1% feather keratin substrate. Furthermore characterization showed that the enzyme exhibits potential ability to dehair goat skin with better dehaired surface profile.
The Effect of Fermentation and Drying Processes on Oil Absorption Capacity of Palm Fruit Mesocarp Fibre Flour

Tenera specie of oil palm fruits were fermented, dried, ground and sieved to obtain palm mesocarp fibre (PMF) flour. The effect of fermentation temperature, fermentation pH, fermentation mass and fermentation time as well as drying temperature and drying time on oil absorption capacity (OAC) was examined. Results obtained showed that the highest value of OAC obtained in the study was 51% at the experimental conditions of fermentation temperature (40oC), pH (5.0), fermentation time (5 days), fermentation mass (60g), drying temperature (45oC) and drying time (30 minutes). The result of the study also showed that fermentation and drying increased the moisture, crude protein and crude carbohydrate contents of the PMF while reducing crude fat and crude fibre contents of the PMF flour. Fermentation and drying processes proved to be useful tools in altering the nutritional content of the PMF flour produced.
Assessing the Cultivability of Bacteria and Fungi from Arable Crop Residues Using Metabarcoding Data as a Reference

This study combined culture-dependent (strain isolation plus molecular identification) and culture-independent (metabarcoding) approaches to characterize the diversity of microbiota on wheat and oilseed rape residues. The goal was to develop a methodology to culture microorganisms with the aim of being able to establish synthetic crop residue microbial communities for further study, i.e., testing potential interactions within these communities and characterizing groups of beneficial taxa that could be used as biological control agents against plant pathogens. We generated community-based culture collections. We adapted the isolation strategy to the potential differences in the spatial and temporal distribution of diversity between bacteria and fungi. We performed (i) a high-throughput isolation from few samples with no a priori for bacteria and (ii) a low-throughput isolation from several samples with a priori—i.e., morphotype selection—for fungi. Although isolation using a single medium did not allow us to characterize the microbiome as precisely as metabarcoding, the bacterial diversity (158 ASVs, 36 genera) was relatively higher than the fungal diversity (131 ASVs, 17 genera) known to be limited by competition for growth on non-selective solid media. Isolation and metabarcoding provided consistent and complementary information: they revealed several common but also specific ASVs, leading to close microbial community profiles of the most abundant fungal and bacterial taxa in residues. Finally, by empirically comparing the different profiles, we assessed the cultivability of the most abundant fungal and bacterial taxa obtained in metabarcoding.
On two-weight inequalities for Hausdorff operators of special kind in Lebesgue spaces

Russia, Moscow Abstract In this paper, we establish necessary and suﬃcient conditions on monotone weight functions for the boundedness for Hausdorﬀ operators of special kind in weighted Lebesgue spaces. In particular, we get similar results for important operators of harmonic analysis which are special cases of the Hausdorﬀ operators. The weights are illustrated by examples at the end of
Socioeconomic status and digital inequality: lessons from Cote D’Ivoire

ABSTRACT This study investigates the problem of digital inequality from a socioeconomic perspective by examining if socioeconomic status moderates the impacts of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on Internet use continuance in a developing country context. The study sheds empirical light on the context of Internet use continuance by demonstrating that mere access to Internet-capable or Internet-connected personal computational devices is not a sufficient precondition for continued Internet use. Rather, Internet Use Continuance is a function of broader economic factors among them socioeconomic status, communal influence, and government influence. The study also reveals that the effect of subjective norms on Internet use continuance differs across socioeconomic groups. Therefore, policymakers ought to consider using specific and targeted mechanisms in bridging digital inequality, particularly in developing country contexts.
Application of Fuzzy Logic to Evaluate the Economic Impact of COVID-19: Case Study of a Project-Oriented Travel Agency

The aim of the study is to create a performance evaluation controlling model to evaluate the performance of tourism enterprises as a function of the economic effects of COVID-19. As a result of the significant change in demand resulting from the economic environment, expectations and cyclicality caused by the pandemic, the assessment of organization performance has become subjective. Under these changed environmental conditions, most of the methods used by tourism companies to evaluate performance are not effective enough. In our research, we illustrated a controlling model based on fuzzy logic through a case study. By applying the model, it becomes possible to evaluate project-oriented tourism organizations according to different standardized norms. Our model considers the subjectivity derived from measurability and goal setting. We point out that the performance of organizations operating in the tourism industry significantly influenced by COVID-19 can be subjectively assessed during the pandemic period and thus depends on the analytical context. By evaluating the performance of tourism organizations along internal organizational goals, more relevant information content and more informed managerial decision support can be achieved.
Estimation of aerator air demand by an embedded multi-gene genetic programming

A spillway discharging a high-speed flow is susceptible to cavitation damages. As a countermeasure, an aerator is often used to artificially entrain air into the flow. Its air demand is of relevance to cavitation reduction and requires accurate estimations. The main contribution of this study is to establish an embedded multi-gene genetic programming (EMGGP) model for improved prediction of air demand. It is an MGGP-based framework coupled with the gene expression programming acting as a pre-processing technique for input determination and the Pareto front serving as a post-processing measure for solution optimization. Experimental data from a spillway aerator are used to develop and validate the proposed technique. Its performance is statistically evaluated by the coefficient of determination (CD), Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (NSC), root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Satisfactory predictions are yielded with CD = 0.95, NSC = 0.94, RMSE = 0.17 m3/s and MAE = 0.12 m3/s. Compared with the best empirical formula, the EMGGP approach enhances the fitness (CD and NSC) by 23% and reduces the errors (RMSE and MAE) by 48%. It also exhibits higher prediction accuracy and a simpler expressional form than the genetic programming solution. This study provides a procedure for the establishment of parameter relationships for similar hydraulic issues.
Economic Feasibility of Solar Irrigation Pumps: A Study of Northern Bangladesh

Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in the world. With a total population of around 165 million, the country has constantly been facing food security challenges and other problems. Therefore, increasing food production is one of the feasible solutions to this challenge, and proper agricultural land use for food production bears critical importance. Ad o pting sustainable irrigation systems and viable technologies would be vital for ensuring efficient use of agricultural land in Bangladesh to safeguard the country's food security. Solar irrigation pumps (SIPs) can be a reliable option in this regard. However, B angladesh has experienced a prolonged growth rate of SIP installation in the last decade. The country has set a target to install 10000 SIPs by the year 2027, albeit it is a tiny share of the 1.57 million conventional irrigation pumps operating in the country . This s tudy aims to investigate the economic feasibility of the SIPs operating in the northern region of Bangladesh in terms of estimating financial feasibility and environmental benefits . The study is mainly based on primary data collected from the users of SIPs from two Upazilas of Dinajpur and Rangpur districts. A total of 14 SIPs , categorized into large, medium, and small pumps , are selected randomly from the available SIPs in the study areas. The financial analysis reveals that small SIPs are the most profitable option (20% IRR) for investment. Large SIPs are moderately profitable (10% IRR), and their profitability can be improved (10.50% IRR) by introducing additional uses of solar energy. However, medium SIPs are the worst (5% IRR) option for investment. In the study areas, large and medium SIPs are designed for the 'fees for service model', and small SIPs are designed for the 'fees for ownership model'. It is found that the 'fees for ownership model' is more profitable than the 'fees for service model'. Moreover, the net environmental benefit for all SIPs is found almost equal to the given subsidy for installing them . Also , the net environmental benefit per kilowatt peak (kWp) is highest for the small SIPs. This paper recommends that additional use (e.g., husking, grinding, supply excess electricity to grid, and so on) of solar energy can improve the profitability of investment on SIPs . Further, the government should continue giving grants for installing SIPs and promote 'fees for ownership model' ( small SIPs ) for personal use . It would speed up the dissemination rate of SIPs and help increase the country's agricultural production and improve the environmental conditions.
Effects of Natural Rehabilitation of Degraded Land by Exclosure on Selected Soil Physicochemical Properties in Eastern Ethiopia

The use of exclosure for ecological restoration has become an increasingly vital approach to reversing degraded lands. Its effectiveness in restoring degraded lands could be varied with differences in climate, vegetation type and soil properties. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of exclosure on the selected physical and chemical properties of the soil. A six-year-old exclosure and adjacent open land with the same history of land-use types were selected. Soil samples were randomly collected from 0–20 and 20–40 cm depths of each land-use type and measured for texture, soil moisture content (SMC), bulk density (BD), soil organic carbon (SOC), available phosphorus (Av.P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), electrical conductivity (EC) and pH contents. The highest SMC, SOC and Av.P and the lowest BD values were measured from the exclosure. SMC, SOC and Av.P increased by 73, 51 and 55%, respectively, while BD decreased by 31% as compared to the open land. CEC, EC and pH were also influenced positively compared with the adjacent open land. The funding indicates exclosure had a positive effect on the restoration of soil nutrients, which are essential to promote vegetation growth and thereby minimize soil erosion.