Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Open Tourism Space on Regional Development Through Supply Chain Management in Panatapan Danau Toba Area Simalungun, Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the influence of open space tourism on regional development, both through visitor satisfaction, image or destination image, and visitor interest and loyalty (intention and loyalty). This research was conducted in several Panatapan spots as open-air tourist spaces in Simalungun Regency, with a total of 313 respondents. The data sources used are primary and secondary data obtained through questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis used in this study uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 tools. The results of the study show the importance of developing open space in an effort to build a tourism image, tourist satisfaction, visitor interest and loyalty, in supporting regional development in Simalungun District.
Macroeconomic Determinants of Innovation: Evidence from Asian Countries

Innovation is fundamental to the process of an economy’s growth and is crucial for its survival in today’s dynamic world. Investing in innovation, therefore, is a requisite for developing and developed countries alike. The innovation revolution has been as manifesting as the Industrial Revolution. Yet, its patterns are unevenly distributed. While some regions have witnessed a phenomenal growth in the level of patenting activity, other regions have shown a decline in the innovative output. With this backdrop, the present article analyses various institutional and macroeconomic variables that impact the level of innovation for a set of 15 Asian countries. Using two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) technique on a panel dataset for the period 2008–2017, the study examines the determinants of macroeconomic indicators on the level of innovation (as measured by the country’s patenting activity). The econometric results indicate that institutional quality, education and trade openness influence innovation favourably. Further, foreign direct investments have a negative impact on the level of innovation. A key finding of emerging from the analysis is the U-shaped relationship between financial development and innovation. Based on the results, the article concludes from a broad policy perspective.
A wavelet based time-frequency descriptor for automatic classification of acoustic signals of fishes

Fishes are capable of emitting sounds for diverse purposes, which can be recorded through microphone sensors. This work aims to develop a methodology for automatic classification of fishes through their acoustic signals by applying pattern recognition techniques. Fish sounds are preprocessed and segmented automatically to extract each call. These calls are parametrized using local wavelet acoustic pattern (LWAP) and approximation coefficients obtained using wavelet decomposition, to yield useful information for classification. Three machine learning algorithms: discriminant analysis (DA), k- nearest neighbors (k-NN) and support vector machines (SVM) are used for the fish call identification. Syllables are identified with accuracies of 84, 89 and 56 percentages for DA, k-NN and SVM classifiers.
Impact of Age, Duration and Control of Diabetes on Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy among Sudanese Diabetic Patients in Khartoum, Sudan- 2016: Hospital based Cross-Sectional study

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders in which there is high blood sugar level over a prolonged period. It occurs either when insufficient insulin is produced by the pancreas or the body cells not responding properly to the insulin it produces. Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the major complications of Diabetes that may lead to permanent blindness. This study aimed to reveal the impact of age, duration and control of Diabetes on risk of Diabetic Retinopathy for the purpose of prevention and control of this disorder. This was a hospital based crosssectional study conducted among 251 participants in the period between February and April 2016. Data were collected using a closed ended, adjusted and administered questionnaire and then were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18.0. 0. The study was estimated at 95% confidence level. 36% of the study group age was between 55-64 years. The majority have had diabetes for more than 20 years (28%) with 44% of them were with poor diabetes control. Diabetic patients of age between 55 and 64 were more affected with diabetic retinopathy. The study revealed that longer duration and poor control of diabetes were strongly associated with diabetic retinopathy.
Highly Efficient Deep Intelligence via Multi-Parent Evolutionary Synthesis of Deep Neural Networks

Machine learning methods, and particularly deep neural networks, are a rapidly growing field and are currently being employed in domains such as science, business, and government. However, the significant success of neural networks has largely been due to the increasingly large model sizes and enormous amounts of required training data. As a result, powerful neural networks are accompanied by growing storage and memory requirements, making these powerful models infeasible for practical scenarios that use small embedded devices without access to cloud computing. As such, methods for significantly reducing the memory and computational requirements of high-performing deep neural networks via sparsification and/or compression have been developed. More recently, the concept of evolutionary deep intelligence was proposed, and takes inspiration from nature and allows highly-efficient deep neural networks to organically synthesize over successive generations. However, current work in evolutionary deep intelligence has been limited to the use of asexual evolutionary synthesis where a newly synthesized offspring network is solely dependent on a single parent network from the preceding generation. In this thesis, we introduce a general framework for synthesizing efficient neural network architectures via multi-parent evolutionary synthesis. Generalized from the asexual evolutionary synthesis approach, the framework allows for a newly synthesized network to be dependent on a subset of all previously synthesized networks. By imposing constraints on this general framework, the cases of asexual evolutionary synthesis, 2-parent sexual evolutionary synthesis, and m-parent evolutionary synthesis can all be realized. We explore the computational construct used to mimic heredity, and generalize it beyond the asexual evolutionary synthesis used in current evolutionary deep intelligence works. The efficacy of incorporating multiple parent networks during evolutionary synthesis was examined first in the context of 2-parent sexual evolutionary synthesis, then generalized to m-parent evolutionary synthesis in the context of varying generational population sizes. Both experiments show that the use of multiple parent networks during evolutionary synthesis allows for increased network diversity as well as steeper trends in increasing network efficiency over generations. We also introduce the concept of gene tagging within the evolutionary deep intelligence framework as a means to enforce a like-with-like mating policy during the multi-parent evolutionary synthesis process, and evaluate the effect of architectural alignment during multi-parent evolutionary synthesis. We present an experiment exploring the quantification of network architectural similarity in populations of networks.
Assessing the Importance of Tree Cover Threshold for Forest Cover Mapping Derived from Global Forest Cover in Myanmar

Comprehensive forest cover mapping is essential for making policy and management decisions. However, creating a forest cover map from raw remote sensing data is a barrier for many users. Here, we investigated the effects of different tree cover thresholds on the accuracy of forest cover maps derived from the Global Forest Change Dataset (GFCD) across different ecological zones in a country-scale evaluation of Myanmar. To understand the effect of different thresholds on map accuracy, nine forest cover maps having thresholds ranging from 10% to 90% were created from the GFCD. The accuracy of the forest cover maps within each ecological zone and at the national scale was assessed. The overall accuracies of ecological zones other than tropical rainforest were highest when the threshold for tree cover was less than 50%. The appropriate threshold for tropical rainforests was 80%. Therefore, different optimal tree cover thresholds were required to achieve the highest overall accuracy depending on ecological zones. However, in the unique case of Myanmar, we were able to determine the threshold across the whole country. We concluded that the threshold for tree cover for creating a forest cover map should be determined according to the areal ratio of ecological zones determined from large-scale monitoring. Our results are applicable to tropical regions having similar ecological zones.
Psychosocial Aspects of School Age Children with Thalassemia Major in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf

Abstract: Background:Thalassemia major is a prevalent hereditary disease in Mediterranean region, the assessment of physical aspect of school age children, especially in those with chronic illness such as thalassemia is particularly important. Objectives: Objective of study toassess psychosocial aspects of school age children with thalassemia major.And found out the magnitude association between psychosocial aspects and their demographic characteristics and their clinical characteristics. Methodology: A Non Probability "purposive" sample of (100) school age children with thalassemia major and their parents are included in the present study. The study was conducted from period of September 2nd 2014 to August2nd2015 inAl Najaf Al Ashraf ⁄ Al-Zahra Maternal and Child Teaching Hospital / Thalassemia center. Researcher constructed special questioner to achieve objectives of the present study. Validity of the study instrument was determined through the panel of experts and the reliability of the study questionnaire was determined through Alpha correlation coefficient was computed for the determination of the internal consistency reliability which was α = 0.87 for the standardized alpha of the internal scale of the assessment of child psychosocial aspects and α= 0.91 for standardized Alpha of the internal scale of the assessment of parents proxy information. Data analyses through use descriptive (frequency and percentage) and inferential statistical analysis procedures (t-test , chi squire, and P- value) were used to data analysis. Results: The present study results indicated that there was a significant relationship between thalassemia major and their psychosocial aspects. Also non-significant differences between child and their parent'sresponses regard to the overall psychosocial aspects. Conclusions:. The study concluded that the majority of the study sample of thalassemic children had negative impact on psychosocial aspects.In addition, the emotional domain is the most affected one, followed by the social domain, and then the school domain. Recommendations:The study recommends that a psychologist and sociologist in the center thalassemia is a must be present to help in providing a link between patients, school, the families, and the physicians.And health oriented by mass media in providing information to population about thalassemia and other inherited diseases. Key words:Thalassemia major; school age children, psychosocial aspects.
Medication Use Evaluation In Diabetes Mellitus In A Secondary Health Care Facility

Background: In different places diverse studies have shown different patterns of drug utilization in diabetes. Objectives: To assess the pattern of anti-diabetic drug utilization in a secondary health facility in Benin City. Methods: The study was a retrospective cross sectional descriptive study conducted using patients' case files from the out patient records department of Central Hospital, Benin City. Results: A total of 87 (58.3%) patients had a co-morbidity, of which hypertension 85(55.6%) was the most frequently occurring. The mean FBS (238.97±120.25 mg/dl) of the patients at first diagnosis was significantly higher than that at last visit to the clinic (172.17±98.66 mg/dl) P<0.01. There was how ever no difference in the initial and last-visit blood pressures of the patients (P>0.05). Metformin was the most frequently prescribed anti-diabetic medication 124 (81.0%). This was followed by glibenclamide 107 (69.9%) and glimepiride. The newer oral anti-diabetic medications were scantily prescribed. Acarbose, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone were prescribed once each (0.7%) in combination with other oral anti-diabetic medications. Nateglinide and pioglitazone were also prescribed once (0.7%) as monotherapy. At the patients' last visit, more of the prescriptions included metformin 126 (82.3%), and glimepiride 32 (20.9%), b ut less of glibenclamide 98 (64.1%). Acarbose 8 (5.2%), pioglitazone 1 (0.7%) and rosiglitazone 1 (0.7%) still remained the oral anti-diabetic medications of the newer classes prescribed. Conclusion: This study showed that metformin, glibenclamide and glimepiride were the most frequently prescribed anti-diabetic drugs in the health facility studied. There was a statistically significant decrease in patients' FBS but not blood pressure.
Structural, electronic, magnetic and thermoelectric properties of inverse Heusler alloys Ti2CoSi, Mn2CoAl and Cr2ZnSi by employing Ab initio calculations

ABSTRACT The inverse Heusler alloys such as Ti2CoSi, Mn2CoAl and Cr2ZnSi were studied in the framework of density functional theory using FP-LAPW linearised augmented plane wave method in order to determine the different physical properties such as structural, electronic, magnetic and thermoelectric. The generalised gradient approximation (GGA) was used to treat the exchange–correlation energy and the Beck-Johnson (mBJ) approach was used to calculate the electronic properties. In all studied compounds, the stable type Hg2CuTi was energetically more favourable than Cu2MnAl type structure. The results show that two compounds (Ti2CoSi and Mn2CoAl) are both ferromagnetic (FM) while Cr2ZnSi is antiferromagnetic (AFM). The compounds Ti2CoSi and Mn2CoAl have a total magnetic moment of 3 and 2 μB, respectively, whereas the Cr2ZnSi alloy has a total magnetic moment equals zero. The Ti2CoSi, Mn2CoAl and Cr2ZnSi compounds exhibit half-metallic (HM) character with 100% spin polarisation at the Fermi level. Finally, the semi-classical Boltzmann theory implicit in the BoltzTraP code was used to calculate the electronic transport coefficients such as thermal and electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the factor of merit.
Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis in gene expression data

The datasets from microarray experiments enables the measurement of gene expression profile of in cells. Statistical models maybe used for classify the samples into various physiological categories based on the gene expression profile. However gene classification as a domain of research is not straight-forwad due to some inherent properties of the data; mainly multidimensionality and the noise. The thesis studied three aspects of gene expression analysis. That is dimension reduction, classification of the expression profiles and described the variability of the gene expression data due to the covariates like age and gender. The dataset used in the thesis is the GEO dataset GSE34105 . Principle Component Analysis and Eigen-R methods were applied to dissect the overall variation. Subsequently a linear discriminant classifier was built and the effect of the number of principal components retained on the accuracy of the linear discriminant classifier was assessed using the leave-one-out cross-validation approach. All the data analysis was done in R 3.0. 1 and R 2.6. 2 and the relevant packages. The first three components accounted for a cumulative 33.34 % of the total variance (23.26 % , 6.02 % and 4.06 % respectively). The error rate of the linear discriminant classifier systematically increased at the number of retained principal components increased from three to seventy (6 % to 33 %). In our study the age explained 0.8 % of the variance, the disease condition 26.5 % and gender only 1.59 %. The accuracy of the linear discriminant classifier was highly dependent on the number of principal components retained. The error rate increased systematically from 6 % to 33% when the components retained were increased from 3 to 70. The fact that the first few principal components explained a large proportion of the variance suggests that there were only a few genes that accounted for the signiffcant amount of the variance.This aligns with the knowledge that only a few number of genes present relevant attributes and that the gene expressed data comes with presence of noise which can be termed as technical and biological distortions of the data. In conclusion the proper understanding of the variability of gene expression data is key to making proper biological conclusions. The appreciation of the contribution of the variability contributed to other biological factors is important in the study design.
Dietary Patterns of Children during the First Year of Life: A Cohort Study —Dietary Patterns of Children

Objective: To identify the dietary patterns of children during the first year of life. Methods: This is a longitudinal study of children born between September 2004 and April 2005 residing in Diamantina, MG, Brazil. Data were collected from children who were six, nine and twelve months of age. Data were collected at their homes using a questionnaire that included a socioeconomic and demographic profile of the family. Information on diet was obtained using 24 hour food recall. Principal Component Analysis was used to identify the dietary patterns. Results: Three dietary patterns were identified and denominated “Porridge”, “Pap” and “Family Food”. The most common dietary pattern was composed of milk, sugar and fortified flour and was negatively correlated with breastfeeding. The second dietary pattern was composed of tubers, vegetables and fruits. The third dietary pattern consisted of cereal, meat, beans and tea; this pattern was repeated at different ages, with some variation at the sixth month when artificial drinks were included and meat and tea were excluded. Conclusion: There was some variation in the dietary patterns of children; however, porridge was used predominantly in all studied ages. Information on dietary patterns may be useful for evaluating and redirecting food and nutrition policies.
Ion‐Neutral Collision Frequencies for Calculating Ionospheric Conductivity

Molecular oxygen collides with its first positive ion in the Earth's ionosphere. The collision frequency of this particle pair is used to calculate the electric conductivity of the ionosphere. However, for this parental pair there are two collision types, resonant and nonresonant, and the selection of the collision type has differed among previous studies in calculation of conductivity. In the present study, we clarify that the nonresonant collision is physically essential for this pair because the relevant temperatures are low. That is, the peak of the ionospheric conductivity occurs at altitudes between 100 and 130 km, where the temperatures of ions and neutral particles are usually lower than 600 K, and for these temperatures nonresonant collisions are dominant. The collision frequency would be underestimated by 30% if the resonant collision was assumed at an altitude of 110 km (where the temperature is 240 K). The impact of this difference on the conductivity is estimated to be small (3%), primarily because molecular nitrogen is much more abundant than molecular oxygen. Although we have confirmed that the nonresonant collision is essential, we also include the resonant type, primarily in case of possible elevated temperature events. A set of ion‐neutral collision frequency coefficients for calculating the conductivity is summarized, including other particle pairs, in the Appendices. Small corrections to the traditional coefficients are made.
An Exploration of Conferences Between a Preservice and Inservice Teacher About Mathematical Discourse

Abstract Teacher preparation programs in the US have addressed complex teaching practices, like mathematical discourse, by engaging preservice teachers in the practice of teaching. This qualitative study reports on the nature of conferences about the discourse between an elementary education preservice-inservice pair participating in a model that integrates university coursework and field experiences. The findings show that the pair focused on student learning about mathematics and discourse, ways to orchestrate discourse, and communication formats. They further evaluated and justified their ideas and interacted in ways where they shared authority. Promising aspects of the model and directions for future research are discussed.
Herpes zoster - is there a need for new treatment recommendations?

Background/Aim. The reactivation of the varicella zoster virus results in herpes zoster. Acyclovir is currently recommended over 7 to 10 days for herpes zoster treatment and should be started within 72 hours of rash eruption. This study analyses whether a therapy delay and/or shorter courses of treatment are associated with adverse outcomes. Methods. We identified 292 patients treated at the Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases in Belgrade for herpes zoster in a five-years period. The data on these patients were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, the ? 2 test, the Mann-Whitney U-test and the multiple logistic regression analysis. Results. The average time from rash eruption to the first dose of acyclovir was 4.07 ? 2.64 days. The patients received acyclovir for 6.83 ? 2.45 days. Seventy-one patients had disseminated herpes zoster, 100 had cranial nerve involvement, 86 had complications other than postherpetic neuralgia and one patient died. In cases where therapy was delayed there was no significant association with complications (? 2 = 0.031; p = 0.86). Our logistic regression model was not able to predict who was treated less than 7 days. An association between the HZ complications and abbreviated acyclovir regimens was not demonstrated (? 2 = 1.109; p = 0.326). We conducted the PubMed search on February 1st, 2017 and found no proof for the need to apply at least 7 days of acyclovir therapy for herpes zoster in the studies that have been published so far. Conclusion. We were unable to prove an association between therapy delay and unfavorable outcomes. The same was true for shorter than recommended acyclovir courses.
Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Delirium in Intensive Care Units as Detected by the CAM-ICU

Purpose: Screening of delirium using delirium assessment tools could promote delirium detection, however, there is lack of report about regular delirium assessment in Korea. This study was intended to describe the prevalence and related risk factors of delirium in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) data which were evaluated by nurses in ICUs was obtained through retrospective chart review. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and stepwise logistic regression. Results:Delirium was evaluated in 125 patients. The incidence rate of deliriumwas 27.2%with a high prevalence of hypoactive delirium compared to hyperactive delirium (61.8 vs. 38.2%). Those with delirium were older, had hypertension, stayed longer in hospital, receiving ventilator support, had more number of catheters, had low serum protein and albumin level. Delirium incidence also varied according to diagnosis. Age, diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease, and application of ventilator were the significant risk factors for the incidence of delirium. Conclusion: Routine delirium screening is important for early detection of delirium. Identification of high-risk group and running delirium prevention programs could improve early recognition of delirium in ICU.