Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kinetics studies in heterogeneous photocatalysis. I. Photocatalytic degradation of chlorinated phenols in aerated aqueous solutions over titania supported on a glass matrix

The photocatalytic degradation of phenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol over TiO/sub 2/ (anatase) has been investigated by using three photochemical reactors. TiO/sub 2/ was used as a thin film, coating the internal surface of a glass coil (reactors I and II) or the external surface of glass beads (reactor III). The degradation of the four phenolic compounds, in a continuous recirculation mode in all three reactors, approximates first-order kinetics to near-complete degradation. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics have been modified slightly to rationalize the first-order behavior in solid-liquid reactions and to argue in favor of a surface reaction; the degradation reactions occur on the TiO/sub 2/ particle surface. In the multipass mode experiments, both reactors I and II exhibit higher degradation rates for phenol at the higher flow rates. By contrast, the greater degradation is associated with the lower flow rates in the single-pass mode experiments.
Interproximal Reduction in Orthodontics: A literature review

Copyright: ©2018 Shikha Rastogi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Abstract One of the basic principles of Orthodontics is the creation of space to facilitate tooth movement. With appropriate case selection, interproximal reduction offers the ability to safely obtain sufficient space for tooth movement without the need for extractions and without compromising slenderized teeth. ISSN 2471-657X
A Trial of Mass Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for Tuberculosis Control

n engl j med 370;17 nejm.org april 24, 2014 1661 Third, socioeconomic status is a stronger predictor of obesity among normal-weight children than among overweight children. The relative risk of becoming obese among children with lower socioeconomic status as compared with children with higher socioeconomic status was greater for normal-weight kindergartners than for overweight kindergartners. The patterns of the incidence of obesity during childhood indicate the complexities of the socioeconomic context of this health problem and the reach of the risk of obesity across the socioeconomic spectrum in the United States.
Transmission of Fertility Preferences

I study the cultural transmission of fertility preferences among second generation immigrant women observed in U.S. Censuses from 1910 to 1970. As hypothesized by [Bisin & Verdier, 2001], the transmission of preferences can be “vertical” or “horizontal”. Using a unique source documenting the variation in fertility behavior in Europe before and after the first demographic transition (1830-1970), I unpack the influence of parents (measured by source-country fertility at the time of departure from Europe) versus the influence of peers (measured by fertility of the same-age cohorts living in the source country and transmitted by same-age recent immigrants). I find that the transmission mechanism is crucially affected by the number of foreign born immigrant peers living in the same MSA. On one hand, the “vertical” channel of transmission is stronger in places where there are few newly arrived foreign born immigrant couples from the same source countries. On the other hand, fertility choices of second generation women are strongly correlated with marital fertility choices measured over peer cohorts in the source countries whenever they live in MSAs densely populated by recently arrived immigrants. JEL-Classification: J13, Z10, Z13, N30 ∗UCLA Anderson School of Management, CCPR, e-mail: andrea.di. miceli.1@anderson.ucla. edu †I am particularly grateful to Sascha Becker, Leonardo Bursztyn, Bastien Chabé-Ferret, Christian Dippel, Paola Giuliano, Erasmo Papagni, Nico Voigtländer and Romain Wacziarg for several comments and suggestions that substantially improved the paper. I also thank seminar participants at CCPR, London Business School Trans-Atlantic Conference, Population Association of America 2015 Annual Meeting and UCLA Anderson School of Management. All remaining errors are my own.
Stock Market Volatility and Macroeconomic Factor Volatility

A stock market, which is established well and huge capital is trading over here, is providing a number of opportunities of saving and investing to its investors. The main objective behind the establishment of stock market is to make an easy process for savers and borrowers, as it takes savings from different groups and provide them a stand to change these savings into successful investments. A stock market plays its key role for the reallocation of funds in multiple sectors of an economy. It works as such a stand where many variables collectively move together to make the economy of any country well groomed. The macroeconomic factors have important concerns with stocks traded in the stock market and these factors make investors to choose the stock because investors are interested to know about the factors affecting the working of stock to manage their portfolios. Abrupt variations and unusual movements of macroeconomic variables cause the stock returns to fluctuate due to uncertainty of future gains.
Structure and dynamics of carbon black‐filled elastomers

The linear and nonlinear melt viscoelastic properties for a series of carbon black-filled polymer composites were studied. Complementary tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies were used to examine the dispersion and structural correlations of the filler particles in these composites. The low-frequency dependence of the linear viscoelastic moduli gradually changes from liquidlike behavior for the unfilled polymer to pseudosolid character for composites with more than 9 vol % carbon black filler. The plateau modulus, inferred from the linear viscoelastic response, exhibits a somewhat discontinuous change at about 9 vol % filler. On the basis of the linear viscoelastic response, we postulate that the carbon black filler forms a continuous percolated network structure beyond 9 vol % filler, considerably lower than that expected from theoretical calculations for overlapping spheres and ellipsoids. We suggest that the lower threshold for percolation is due to the polymer mediation of the filler structure, resulting from the low functionality of the polymer and, consequently, few strong polymer–filler interactions, allowing for long loops and tails that can either bridge filler particles or entangle with one another. Furthermore, the strain amplitude for the transition from linear behavior to nonlinear behavior of the modulus for the composites with greater than 9 vol % filler is independent of frequency, and this critical strain amplitude decreases with increasing filler concentration. Complementary AFM measurements suggest a well-dispersed carbon black structure with the nearest neighbor distance showing a discontinuous decrease at about 9 vol % filler, again consistent with the formation of a filler network structure beyond 9 vol % carbon black. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 39: 256–275, 2001
The role of positive psychological capital in the effect of leadership styles on organizational commitment: A study of hospitality services

This study examined the role of positive psychological capital in the effect of different leadership behaviours on organizational commitment (OC). Research was conducted at 372 five-star hotel employees operating in the Turkish Cypriot community. A conceptual model was developed including structural relationships among three leadership styles (transformational, transactional and laissez-faire), positive psychological capital and organizational commitment was tested using structural equation modelling. The findings are included after explaining the theoretical background for the variables that constitute the model. The results and conclusions are discussed and evaluated to include administrative contributions to hotels in the tourism sector.
Liquidation Strategies in a Long-Short Equity Portfolio

Trading large volumes impact the price of the traded asset which implies a cost when the position is liquidated. Because of this large investors, such as hedge funds, need estimates of the expected market impact of their positions. I suggest a model for the market impact of trading and use this model to analyze and compare different liquidation strategies. I specifically consider liquidating large fractions of a long-short equity portfolio. I consider two common liquidation strategies and compare these to another strategy I introduce in this thesis; optimized liquidation which is the solution to an optimization problem. The results show that it is possible to reduce expected market impact costs from liquidation while keeping the remaining portfolio within pre-specified risk limits.
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, AND LIFE SATISFACTION IN MEXICAN STUDENTS FORTALEZAS DEL CARÁCTER, CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS Y SATISFACCIÓN CON LA VIDA EN ESTUDIANTES MEXICANOS

The main purpose of this study was to identify the existing relationship between character strengths and life satisfaction, as well as some sociodemographic aspects related to gender differences. Both the Virtue and Strength Inventory (IVYF; Cosentino & Castro, 2008) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985) were administered to 343 undergraduate students whose primary major of study pertained to health professions. Results indicated that for Correspondencia Norma Alicia Ruvalcaba-Romero. Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Email: nruval@hotmail.com ORCID: Norma Alicia Ruvalcaba-Romero (http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-8751), Julia Gallegos-Guajardo (http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-2353), Laura N. Alfaro-Beracoechea (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9857-7339) y Gabriela Orozco-Solís (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0648-8233). 1 Universidad de Guadalajara, México. 2 Universidad de Monterrey, México. Retrieved: May 3, 2018. Aceptado: July 25, 2018. ACCIÓN PSICOLÓGICA, diciembre 2018, vol. 15, no. 2, 95-106. ISSN: 2255-1271 https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.15. 2.22207 96 women, love and gratitude are the strengths that explained 21.3 % of the variance regarding satisfaction with life, while love and social intelligence predicted 44.5 % of life satisfaction for men. Results are discussed under the light of cultural differences.
Two variants in vascular endothelial growth factor gene affect response to treatment for age-related macular degeneration in the Israeli population

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the potential association between gene variation and the response of Israeli patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) to treatment. Materials and Methods: The study sample included 100 patients with AMD. One eye per patient was analyzed. The medical files were reviewed for demographic, systemic and ocular data, and measurements of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and central retinal thickness (CRT) at each visit were recorded. Treatment consisted of intravitreal bevacizumab alone (1.25 mg) or followed by ranibizumab (0.5 mg) in the event of no initial response to bevacizumab, at 3 months intervals. Blood was collected from each patient, and genotyping for eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (vascular endothelial growth factor A [VEGFA] rs3025039, rs2010963, rs699947; complement factor H rs800292; age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 rs10490924; high-temperature requirement A-1 rs11200638; and pigment epithelium-derived factor rs9913583, rs1136287) was performed by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. A favorable treatment response was defined as an improvement or no change in logMAR BCVA and a reduction in CRT by optical coherent tomography. Results: The study group consisted of 54 male and 46 female patients mean 77.6, mean follow-up 40.43 months. Vision improved in 70 patients. A correlation with BCVA was noted for two of the polymorphisms studied, vascular endothelial growth factor A rs2010963 and rs699947. The correlation with BCVA was stronger than the correlation with CRT. There was no difference in mean follow-up time between responders and non-responders, and no association between age at disease onset and the genetic variants identified. Conclusion: Identification of the gene variants VEGFA rs2010963 and rs69994 in Israeli patients with AMD may help to predict their response to treatment. Furthermore, such investigations are important to aid clinicians in selection of the preferred treatment.
THE EFFECT OF LOMBARD SPEECH MODIFICATIONS IN DIFFERENT INFORMATION DENSITY CONTEXTS

Speakers adapt their speech to increase clarity in the presence of background noise (Lombard speech) [1, 2]. However, they also modify their speech to be efficient by shortening word duration in more predictable contexts [3]. To meet these two communicative functions, speakers will attempt to resolve any conflicting communicative demands. The present study focuses on how this can be resolved in the acoustic domain. A total of 1520 target CV syllables were annotated and analysed from 38 German speakers in 2 white-noise (no noise vs. -10 dB SNR) and 2 surprisal (H vs. L) contexts. Median fundamental frequency (F0), intensity range, and syllable duration were extracted. Our results revealed effects of both noise and surprisal on syllable duration and intensity range, but only an effect of noise on F0. This might suggest redundant (multi-dimensional) acoustic coding in Lombard speech modification, but not so in surprisal modification.
Completion of the isomorphous Ln(trensal) series

The CeIII, PrIII, NdIII, GdIII and YbIII complexes of the heptadentate ligand 2,2´,2´´-tris(salicylideneimino) triethylamine, H3trensal (in its trianionic form), have been synthesized and characterized structurally by X-ray crystallography. These five [Ln(trensal)] structures complete a rare isomorphous and isostructural series of lanthanoid complexes in the trigonal P–3c1 space group with a ≈ 13.1 and c ≈ 16.5 A
Indonesian Journal of Social Research

This study aims to analyze the effect of leadership style, motivation and discipline to employee performance. This research was conducted at the Nakhdatul Ulama University Cirebon. The samples in this study were all employees, amounting to as much as 40 respondents. This study is a quantitative research and analysis methods of data using multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that the variables of leadership style, motivation and discipline significantly influence employee performance. In partial motivation does not significantly affect the performance of employees while variable leadership style and discipline significantly affect the performance of employees at a significance level of less than 0.05 or 5%.
Improved Glycemic Control With a Digital Health Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Retrospective Study

Background Traditional lifestyle interventions have shown limited success in improving diabetes-related outcomes. Digital interventions with continuously available support and personalized educational content may offer unique advantages for self-management and glycemic control. Objective In this study, we evaluated changes in glycemic control among participants with type 2 diabetes who enrolled in a digital diabetes management program. Methods The study employed a single-arm, retrospective design. A total of 950 participants with a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) baseline value of at least 7.0% enrolled in the Vida Health Diabetes Management Program. The intervention included one-to-one remote sessions with a Vida provider and structured lessons and tools related to diabetes management. HbA1c was the primary outcome measure. Of the 950 participants, 258 (27.2%) had a follow-up HbA1c completed at least 90 days from program start. Paired t tests were used to evaluate changes in HbA1c between baseline and follow-up. Additionally, a cluster-robust multiple regression analysis was employed to evaluate the relationship between high and low program usage and HbA1c change. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate the difference in HbA1c as a function of the measurement period (ie, pre-Vida enrollment, baseline, and postenrollment follow-up). Results We observed a significant reduction in HbA1c of –0.81 points between baseline (mean 8.68, SD 1.7) and follow-up (mean 7.88, SD 1.46; t257=7.71; P<.001). Among participants considered high risk (baseline HbA1c≥8), there was an average reduction of –1.44 points between baseline (mean 9.73, SD 1.68) and follow-up (mean 8.29, SD 1.64; t139=9.14; P<.001). Additionally, average follow-up HbA1c (mean 7.82, SD 1.41) was significantly lower than pre-enrollment HbA1c (mean 8.12, SD 1.46; F2, 210=22.90; P<.001) There was also significant effect of program usage on HbA1c change (β=–.60; P<.001) such that high usage was associated with a greater decrease in HbA1c (mean –1.02, SD 1.60) compared to low usage (mean –.61, SD 1.72). Conclusions The present study revealed clinically meaningful improvements in glycemic control among participants enrolled in a digital diabetes management intervention. Higher program usage was associated with greater improvements in HbA1c. The findings of the present study suggest that a digital health intervention may represent an accessible, scalable, and effective solution to diabetes management and improved HbA1c. The study was limited by a nonrandomized, observational design and limited postenrollment follow-up data.
CHARACTERIZATION OF SODIUM ALGINATE BASED FILMS

Sodium alginate (NaAlg) hydrogels cross-linked with calcium ions (Ca2+) are widely employed in industrial applications like food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries [1–3]. In this work we examined changes in the material properties of NaAlg hydrogel films when are cross-linked with different calcium chloride (CaCl2) concentrations. Chemical interactions were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to assess possible ionic binding between the Ca2+ and the NaAlg chains. The morphology changes were evaluated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides information on surface structure and roughness for the sample films. The results obtained show that the properties of the NaAlg hydrogel films are dependent on CaCl2 concentration. This study may provide a hopeful solution for food, pharmaceutical or tissue engineering applications.
Cellular interaction of PEGylated PLGA nanospheres with macrophage J774 cells using fl ow cytometry

Purpose: To assess the interaction between nanospheres composed with D,L-lactide/glycolide copolymer (PLGA) and J774 cells using different particulate formulations and determine suitable formulations for polymeric nanospheres having reduced uptake by macrophage cells. Methods: The polymeric nanospheres were prepared by the emulsion solvent diffusion method with PLGA and polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated PLGA (PEGylated PLGA). The interaction of polymeric nanospheres with J774 cells was evaluated with fl ow cytometry. Results: The surface properties of PEGylated PLGA nanospheres were changed by altering the molecular weight of PEG or the PEGylated PLGA formulation. When PEGylated PLGA nanospheres were incubated with J744 cells, a signifi cantly lower fl uorescence emission intensity from 1,1’-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3’,3’-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) incorporated in the particle was detected than was the case for non-coated nanospheres. These results indicate that PEGylated PLGA nanospheres showed less affi nity with J774 cells than non-coated ones do. Conclusion: The present study suggested that the molecular weight of PEG or the content of PEGylated PLGA was a factor in preparing PLGA nanospheres with reduced uptake by macrophage cells.
Experimental Study of a Dual-Fuel Generator Set Operating on Diesel Fuel Direct Injected and Hydrous Ethanol Fumigation at Different Loads

The sizable global use of fossil energy and the worries about harmful emissions to the environment and human health have led investigations focused on using renewable fuels. Ethanol seems to be a desirable renewable fuel due to availability and significant production. The ethanol fumigation in compression ignition engines has been explored as a possible solution to enhance efficiency and decrease harmful and pollutant gases. This study investigates the effects of a generator set running on directly injected diesel fuel containing 7% biodiesel in volume and port fuel injected hydrous ethanol in different loads. The experiments were carried out in a diesel engine with specific loads, and the ethanol substitution rate ranged from 9% to 52% by energy. Results showed a significant decrease up to 61% in smoke opacity. An improvement of about 9.7% at 7.0 kW in global thermal efficiency was observed. Nevertheless, the other loads' efficiency deteriorated, resulting in a maximum decrease of about 14.6% at 4.0 kW. The total specific fuel consumption increased when ethanol was used, whereas the exhaust gas temperature decreased. The lowest NOX emissions found was 290 ppm at 6.0 kW and an ethanol energy ratio of 21%, although an increase in CO emissions was observed.
Growth performance effect of dietary fish meal quality in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate three fish meal sources added to diets for the shrimp, Fishmeal quality is major important consideration for the aquatic animals especially shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, however, it varies widely depending on raw material sources and processing methods. A tenweek feeding trial was conducted using six formulated diets to examine effects of fishmeal quality on growth performance, protein digestibility in Litopenaeus vannamei. Each test diet was fed four times daily to four groups of shrimp with an average initial weight of 2 g shrimp -1. The shrimp fed D-1 (FM1) and d-2 (FM-2) feed attained high body weight, specific growth rate with the best feed conversion ratio (FCR). Growth of shrimp fed D-3,4 (FM-3 & 4) was less than D-1 (FM-1) because containing diets were inferior to those of FM-1 fed group. The d-5 (FM-5) diet-fed group showed the slowest growth and feed utilization efficiency than all the other groups.
Influence of Particle Shape on Filtration Processes

The influence of particle shape on filtration processes was investigated. Two types of particles, including spherical polystyrene latex (PSL) and iron oxide, and perfect cubes of magnesium oxide, were examined. It was found that the removal efficiency of spherical particles on fibrous filters is very similar for corresponding sizes within the range of 50–300 nm, regardless of the fact that the densities of PSL and iron oxide differ by a factor of five. On the other hand, the removal efficiency of magnesium oxide cubic particles was measured, and found to be much lower than the removal efficiency for the aerodynamically similar spheres. Such disparity was ascribed to the different nature of the motion of the spherical and cubic particles along the fiber surface, following the initial collision. After touching the fiber surface and before coming to rest, the spherical particles could either slide or roll compared to the cubic ones, which could either slide or tumble. During tumbling, the area of contact between the particle and the fiber changes significantly, thus affecting the bounce probability, whilst for the spheres, the area of contact remains the same for any point of the particle trajectory. The extra probability of particle bounce by the cubes was derived from the experimental data. The particle kinetic energy was proposed to be responsible for the difference in removal efficiency of particles with alternative shapes, if all other process parameters remain the same. The increase in kinetic energy is shown to favor the increase of the bounce probability.