Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of Fabrication Methods in Human Retina Regeneration

Optic nerve and retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) often cause permanent sight loss. Currently, a limited number of retinal diseases can be treated. Hence, new strategies are needed. Regenerative medicine and especially tissue engineering have recently emerged as promising alternatives to repair retinal degeneration and recover vision. Here, we provide an overview of retinal anatomy and diseases and a comprehensive review of retinal regeneration approaches. In the first part of the review, we present scaffold-free approaches such as gene therapy and cell sheet technology while in the second part, we focus on fabrication techniques to produce a retinal scaffold with a particular emphasis on recent trends and advances in fabrication techniques. To this end, the use of electrospinning, 3D bioprinting and lithography in retinal regeneration was explored.
Lake Neor reveals how mountain vegetation responded to 7000 years of hydroclimate variability in northwestern Iran

Palynological and geochemical analyses provide valuable information about modern and past climatic regimes and vegetation. The impact of climate and humans on past vegetation in the semi‐arid areas of northwestern Iran has received increased interest in the wake of warming temperatures in the Middle East. Palynological and down‐core XRF elemental abundances from a peat core from Lake Neor enabled a reconstruction of vegetational changes of the past 7000 years over the highlands of northwestern Iran. Periods of increased arboreal pollen (AP) types and high (Artemisia + Poaceae)/Chenopodiaceae ratios along with low titanium abundances, high percentages of total organic carbon, more negative δD values, and higher carbon accumulation rates suggest a relatively wet climate. These conditions have persisted during the periods 6700–6200, 5200–4450 and 3200–2200 cal a bp. The overall low AP values, substantial rise of Chenopodiaceae, high Ti abundances and low values of palaeo‐redox proxies, are all evidences of a drier climate, as has been reconstructed for the periods 6200–5200 and 4030–3150 cal a bp and the last 2200 years. An important feature of the last centuries is the increase of anthropogenic and pastoral indicator pollen types. Our results may provide basic data to predict future trends in vegetation dynamics under future climate change in western Asia.
The Effect of CSR on Company Reputation Using Intellectual Capital as a Mediating Variable

This research aimed to analyze the effect of corporate social responsibility in improving the company's reputation, both directly and through the company's intellectual capital. The population of this study were the annual reports of banking sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The researcher used purposive sampling method in this study. The total of research samples were 123 annual financial reports. To analyze the data, the researchers used Partial Lease Square (PLS) with the PLS warp application. The research findings indicated that Corporate Social Responsibility Practice positively and significantly affected to Intellectual Capital, Corporate Social Responsibility Practice positively and significantly affected to the company's reputation, Intellectual Capital positively and significantly affected to the company's reputation, and intellectual capital can be a partial mediating variable (partial mediation) among the CSR influence and the company reputation. Keywords—CSR, intellectual capital, company reputation, banking sector
EFFECTS OF SILICON AND NUTRIENT INDUCED SALINITY ON YIELD, FLOWER QUALITY, AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF GERBERA GROWN IN A CLOSED HYDROPONIC SYSTEM

Based on previous investigations indicating that silicon may be beneficial for some crop species, Si is increasingly used as a supplement in hydroponic nutrient solutions. However, no information is available regarding the response of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) to silicon. In the present study, gerbera plants grown in a closed soilless culture system were supplied with nutrient solution having either a low or a high silicon concentration (0.2 and 1.25 mM Si, respectively) in combination with either a standard or an increased nutrient concentration (1.8 and 3.2 dS m -1 , respectively). The corresponding electrical conductivity (EC) values in the drainage solution ranged between 1.9-2.2 and 3.5-3.8 dS m-', respectively. The low silicon concentration originated from the naturally contained Si in the raw water while the high Si level was attained by adding a water soluble potassium silicate compound to the nutrient solution. The EC was raised by extra addition of potassium, calcium, and magnesium sulphates and nitrates at rates resulting in the same K:Ca:Mg and NO 3 :SO 4 ratios, while maintaining identical NH4, P, and micronutrient concentrations in all treatments. The inclusion of Si in the nutrient solution resulted in a significantly higher proportion of flowers graded Class I as well as in significantly thicker flower stems. Increasing the EC in the root environment from 2.1 up to 3.8 dS m -1 resulted in a significant reduction of both the number of flowers per plant and the mean flower weight of approximately 12% and 6% respectively, regardless of Si application. The inclusion of Si in the nutrient solution resulted in significantly higher Ca and slightly lower Zn, and Cu concentrations in the leaves of gerbera, regardless of the EC level. The increase of salinity by almost doubling the K, Ca, Mg SO 4 and NO 3 concentrations in the nutrient solution resulted in higher K and N uptake but had no influence on the leaf Ca, Mg and P concentration, while those of Zn and Cu were reduced.
Molecular Docking of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme II

SARS-CoV-2 remains life-threatening human pathogen witnessed in the present world. Purpose. The key objective of this research was to incorporate a bioinformatics technique to forecast the molecular docking of the ACE2-associated SARS-CoVs nucleocapsid protein. Methods. Different bioinformatics tools were used in this study in order to compare the chemical structures with their biological behaviour at the levels of atoms and the ligand-binding affinity. This research sought to investigate new data analysis. Results. It was computed the basic 2D structure that occurs in all models, requiring ion ligand binding sites to be predicted. The highlights of the analysis and the associated characteristics are largely responsible for nucleocapsid protein and ACE2 receptor that can be further changed for improved binding and selectivity. Conclusions. The precise functional importance of protein-protein docking cannot be established. But the detection of molecular docking can aid in self-association proteins in our summary, serving as a regulatory switch for the protein’s localization.
Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate

Competition between organisms interfere in host and pathogen dynamics in ways that are dif- ﬁ cult to predict. By one side, competitors can reduce the food supply and cause nutritional stress. Such stress could further modulate the susceptibility to infection by altering immune response or metabolic rate of the host. Alternatively, competitors may trap pathogens before they reach the focal host, and therefore reduce, enhance, or have no effect on infection according to the competitor ’ s susceptibility to the infection. To better understand how competition in ﬂ uences host and pathogen interactions, we experimentally assessed the relative importance of competition for pathogens and resources on the severity of a viral disease infecting the Paci ﬁ c oyster Crassostrea gigas . We designed an open- ﬂ ow system where food enriched seawater ﬂ owed to ﬁ lter-feeding competitors (or empty controls) before being delivered to recipient oysters. We tested a range of competing species that exhibit both low (ascidians, European oysters, mussels) and high (Paci ﬁ c oysters) susceptibility to the virus. We assessed the physiological condition of the recipient oysters during acclimation, we added virus-contaminated seawater upstream of the distribution system, and we monitored host and pathogen dynamics. We found that the presence of competitors, regardless of susceptibility to the virus, indirectly reduced the infection rate of hosts by decreasing their food ingestion and growth rates. Although competitors can reduce viral particles from the seawater, this had no effect on the host population. Our data suggest that the effect of competition for food overwhelmed that of competition for pathogens, thus emphasizing the importance of considering resource availability in host and pathogen dynamics. More particularly, resource availability can have positive effects at the individual level, fostering physiological condition and growth, but negative effects at the population level, increasing magnitude of epidemics.
Stoppaniite, (Fe,Al,Mg)4(Be6Si12O36)*(H2O)2(Na,□) a new mineral of the beryl group from Latium (Italy)

This paper relates the finding of stoppaniite, a new mineral of the beryl group, at Capranica, Vico volcanic complex, Latium, Italy. Stoppaniite occurs inside the miarolitic cavities of a volcanic ejectum, as very rare, transparent, light-blue, hexagonal-prismatic euhedral crystals, up to 0.5 mm in length. It is optically uniaxial (-), and shows a weak pleochroism from colourless to very light blue. The refraction indices are: e = 1.619(3) and ω = 1.625(3); the density is: Dobs = 2.79(3) g/cm3. Dcalc = 2.811 g/cm3. Stoppaniite is hexagonal, s.g. P 6/ mcc, with a (A) = 9.397(1), c (A) = 9.202(2). Strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines (Gandolfi camera) are (d in A, intensities visually estimated): 3.278 (vS), 8.12 (S), 2.903 (S), 4.00 (m), 2.553 (mw), 1.752 (mw). The empirical crystal-chemical formula is: \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \[(Fe^{3{+}}\_{2.70}Mg\_{0.64}Al\_{0.42}Mn\_{0.06}Ti\_{0.02}Sc\_{0.02})(Be\_{6.88}Si\_{11.60})O\_{36}*2H\_{2}O(Na\_{0.94}K\_{0.02}Cs_{0.02})\] \end{document} compatible with the simplified formula: \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \[(Fe^{3{+}})\_{3}(Mg,Fe^{2{+}})Na(Be\_{6}Si\_{12}O\_{36})*2H\_{2}O,\ or\ ideally\ Fe^{3{+}}\_{4}Be\_{6}Si\_{12}O_{36}. \] \end{document} A rational classification of beryl group minerals based on the octahedral occupancy is proposed.
The Role of Garlic and Onion Extracts in Growth and Productivity of Onion under Soil Application of Potassium Humate and Fulvate

Allium crops and their relatives are recognized as a distinct family, the Alliaceae. Onion (Allium cepa L.) belongs to this family, which considered the most important crop grown in Egypt. The area harvested was about 63,723 (ha), while the national production was about 2304210 tons (FAO, 2018). The onion bulb contains vitamin C, protein, flavonoid and quercetin, which helps to eliminate free radicals in the human body, to inhibit low-density lipoprotein oxidation (an important reaction in atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease), to protect and regenerate vitamin E and to inactivate the harmful effects of chelate metal ions. Also, onion is a rich source of minerals like P and Ca (Fouda, 2016).
Sea Surface Temperature Variability over the Tropical Indian Ocean during the ENSO and IOD Events in 2016 and 2017

2016 and 2017 were marked by strong El Niño and weak La Niña events, respectively, in the tropical East Pacific Ocean. The strong El Niño and weak La Niña events in the Pacific significantly impacted the sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) and were followed by extreme negative and weak positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) phases in 2016 and 2017, which triggered floods in the Indian subcontinent and drought conditions in East Africa. The IOD is an irregular and periodic oscillation in the Indian Ocean, which has attracted much attention in the last two decades due to its impact on the climate in surrounding landmasses. Much work has been done in the past to investigate global climate change and its impact on the evolution of IOD. The dynamic behind it, however, is still not well understood. The present study, using various satellite datasets, examined and analyzed the dynamics behind these events and their impacts on SST variability in the TIO. For this study, the monthly mean SST data was provided by NOAA Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST). SST anomalies were measured on the basis of 30-year mean daily climatology (1981–2010). It was determined that the eastern and western poles of the TIO play quite different roles during the sequence of negative and positive IOD phases. The analysis of air-sea interactions and the relationship between wind and SST suggested that SST is primarily controlled by wind force in the West pole. On the other hand, the high SST that occurred during the negative IOD phase induced local convection and westerly wind anomalies via the Bjerknes feedback mechanism. The strong convection, which was confined to the (warm) eastern equatorial Indian Ocean was accompanied by east–west SST anomalies that drove a series of downwelling Kelvin waves that deepened the thermocline in the east. Another notable feature of this study was its observation of weak upwelling along the Omani–Arabian coast, which warmed the SST by 1 °C in the summer of 2017 (as compared to 2016). This warming led to increased precipitation in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) region during the summer of 2017. The results of the present work will be important for the study of monsoons and may be useful in predicting both droughts and floods in landmasses in the vicinity of the Indian Ocean, especially in the Indian subcontinent and East African regions.
TNF-alpha releasing capacity of the whole blood drops after open total splenectomy, but increases after partial/subtotal or minimally invasive splenectomy

Abstract Background The mechanisms that induce immunodeficiency after splenectomy remain unknown. The aim of this study was to measure the cytokine releasing capacity of the whole blood as an expression of the innate immunity after total (TS) and subtotal/partial splenectomy (S/PS) in order to assess the impact of splenectomy on the individual cytokine reactivity. Methods We prospectively collected blood before (D0) and at multiple time points after splenectomy (7 days - D7, 30 days - D30, 90 days - D90, 180 days - D180, and 360 days - D360) and measured the cytokines releasing capacity of IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-10 from whole blood under LPS stimulation which we normalized to the monocytes number. Results When analyzing all splenectomies at D0, D7 and D30, normalized ΔTNF-alpha significantly dropped after splenectomy (p = .0038) and normalized ΔIL-6 and ΔIL-10 did not significantly change. More specifically, normalized ΔTNF-alpha dropped after TS (p = .0568) and significantly increased after S/PS (p = .0388). Open surgery induced a decrease in normalized ΔTNF-alpha (p = .0970), whereas minimally invasive (MI) surgery significantly increased the normalized ΔTNF-alpha releasing capacity (p = .0178). The cytokine levels were heterogenous between pathologies at D0, and ΔIL-6 dropped mainly in cirrhotic patients after splenectomy (all underwent TS), ΔTNF-alpha dropped in immune thrombocytopenic purpura patients (all underwent TS), but increased in spherocytosis (91% underwent S/PS) after splenectomy. Conclusions Splenectomy induces a decrease of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha and if splenic parenchyma is spared and the surgery is performed MI, this change is hindered.
Deep‐Red Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes with Chromophoric N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Design, Photophysical Properties, and DFT Calculations

The synthesis of three deep-red-emitting iridium(III) complexes featuring a naphthalimide N-heterocyclic carbene ligand was investigated. The introduction of this organic chromophore onto the carbene moiety changed the character of the lowest excited state from triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer to triplet ligand centered, as corroborated by time-dependent DFT calculations. All complexes displayed a naphthalimide-based deep-red phosphorescence emission above λ = 630 nm in polymer matrix with good quantum yields (Φ ≈ 0.2) and long lifetimes.
The Correlation of Individual Factors with High Blood Pressure of Industrial Painters at a Land Transportation Manufacturing Company

Introduction: The use of lead-based paint in the manufacturing process on land transportation production contributed to the decline of ambient air quality. The amount of lead level in the painting area exceeded the allowed Threshold Limit Value (TLVs). Excessive lead exposure will provoke the escalation of blood lead levels. Even in a small amount, a lead will cause cardiovascular disorder inside the human's body and raise blood pressure. The research aims to analyze the correlation between environmental factors and individual factors of industrial painters with high blood pressure. Methods: The research used a quantitative method and a cross-sectional design. It involved the whole industrial painters and administration workers at the Internal Control Division. Samples were taken from 20 workers determined using simple random sampling. Independent variables were air lead level, age, healthy family history of hypertension, nutritional status, caffeine consumption, and smoking frequency. Dependent variables were blood lead level and blood pressure. The data obtained from laboratory tests and questionnaires were analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test. Results and Discussion: Correlations were proven to exist between lead level in the work environment and lead level inside the painters’ blood (p = 0.663). Family history of hypertension (p = 0.016) and nutritional status (p = 0.031) were correlated to the Blood Lead Levels (BLLs), whereas BLLs (p = 1.000), age (p = 0.158), caffeine consumption habit (p = 1.000), and smoking frequency (p= 0.663) were not correlated to the blood pressure. Conclusion : The work environment's lead level was correlated with BLLs but did no correlate with blood pressure. Family history of hypertension and nutritional status were the individual factors that correspond with high blood pressure in industrial painters.
Indonesian teachers’ emotional exhaustion and commitment to teaching: A correlational study

Basilius R. Werang a *, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Musamus, Jl. Kamizaun, Merauke 99611, Indonesia, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2675-2887 Seli Marlina Radja Leba , Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Musamus, Jl. Kamizaun, Merauke 99611, Indonesia, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1240-4515 Anak Agung Gede Agung , Faculty of Educational Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Jl. Udayana No. 11, Buleleng, Bali 81116, Indonesia, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-6613 Mozes Markus Wullur , Faculty of Educational Sciences, Universitas Manado, Jl. Raya Tondano, Koya, Tondano Selatan, Minahasa, Manado 95618, Indonesia, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7213-8979 Berlinda Setyo Yunarti , Catholic College of Santo Yakobus, Jl. Missi 2, Kelurahan Mandala, Merauke 99600, Indonesia, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9090-8933 Sandra Ingried Asaloei , Faculty of Administrative Sciences, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Jl. Kampus Unsrat, Kelurahan Bahu, Malalayang, Manado 95115, Indonesia, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-5178
Risk of Violence among Nurses in Emergency Departments at Baghdad City Hospitals: The Mediating Role of the Work Environment

Background: Workplace violence is a problem of international healthcare among the workers in alldepartments of the healthcare systems, but more severe at the emergency departments.Nurses in theemergency departments are working on the front lines of violence. This study aims to examine risk ofviolence among nurses in the emergency departments and to find out the association between nurses’ age,years of working in nursing, years of working in emergency departments, work hours, violent events bypatients, violent events by coworkers, likelihood of exposure to violence in the future, work environment,intention to leave the job, and risk of violence.Method: A descriptive predictive study design has been carried out.A non-probability (convenience) sampleof (380) nurses from the emergency departments of (12) hospitals in Baghdad city center were selected toparticipate in the study.Data were collected through a self-report instrument that includesnurses socio-demographic data, theemployment data, general information about the violent events, Intention to Leave the Job Scale, Riskof Violence Scale, Violent Events by Patient Scale, Violent Events by co-workers Scale, Likelihood ofExposure to Violence in the Future Scale and the Nursing Work Environment Scale. The data were analyzedusing the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.The study results revealed thata half of the nurses described the risk of violence they can expose to in theworkplace as average. There is a statistically significant inverse correlation between nurses’ age, years ofexperience in nursing, years of experience in EDs and their exposure to violent event by the coworkers, andrisk of violence. The researcher concluded that the younger the nurses, the less the experience they have innursing, the less the experience they have in the EDs, the greater the exposure to violence by coworkers, andrisk of violence.
An exploratory study on the aspects of vocabulary knowledge addressed in EAP textbooks

Supporting information None Abstract Vocabulary knowledge, which plays an important role in foreign or second language (L2) learning, involves a range of aspects such as form and meaning, grammatical functions, or word parts. Little research, however, has investigated how aspects of vocabulary knowledge are addressed in L2 textbooks. This study aims to fill that gap by examining the aspects of vocabulary knowledge that English for Academic Purposes (EAP) textbooks pay attention to. To that end, four EAP textbooks of upper-intermediate and advanced levels were investigated. A total of 873 vocabulary activities were identified and analysed based onNation (2013) and Brown’s (2011) frameworks. Results show that grammatical functions, associations, and word parts receive the most attention in the EAP textbooks while written form, constraints on use, and spoken form receive the least attention. The findings also demonstrate variations among the EAP textbooks in their amounts of attention to different aspects of word knowledge.