Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis and control of nonlinear vibration in inertial actuators

Proof-mass actuators are typically used to supply a secondary control force to a supporting structure for the purpose of improving its performance through active vibration control. These devices comprise a magnetic proof-mass that accelerates in response to an input current, and the resulting inertia provides a reaction force on the actuator casing and the structure itself. Due to design constraints and the need to prevent actuator damage, the displacement of the proof-mass is usually bounded by its stroke length, which is determined by the distance between the actuator end stops. If the proof-mass reaches the end of the stroke, it will collide with the end stops, thereby imparting large shocks to the supporting structure that may destabilise the closed-loop system. This phenomenon, known as stroke saturation, is strongly nonlinear and invalidates the linear Nyquist stability criterion, which significantly complicates the assessment of closed-loop stability. As an example, stroke saturation may occur when using proof-mass actuators in active car suspensions, due to large impulsive forces from the road. The aim of this thesis is to examine the dynamical behaviour of several proof-mass actuators using experimental measurements, including the effects of stroke saturation and other nonlinearities. The experimental data is used to establish a Simulink model of an inertial actuator by applying nonlinear identifcation techniques. It is found that the actuator dynamics can be represented using a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom system, where the actuator nonlinearities are modelled using various polynomial and piecewise terms. This is conformed by comparing the model results with the experimental data. Using the Simulink model, it is shown that the actuator nonlinearities significantly reduce the closed-loop gain margin by exploiting regions of potential instability that are present in the underlying linear closed-loop system. Therefore, the relationship between the actuator nonlinearities and the closed-loop stability depends on the choice of underlying linear controller, as the actuator nonlinearities tend to accentuate underlying stability issues rather than induce instability by themselves. To prevent stroke saturation from destabilising the closed-loop system, an on-off control law may be applied by implementing a knock detector and deactivating the control signal for a short time period once stroke saturation is detected. Provided that a suitable deactivation period is specified, the on-off control law is able to prevent stroke saturation from destabilising the closed-loop system, thereby increasing the closed-loop gain margin.
Long-term incubations provide insight into the mechanisms of anaerobic oxidation of methane in methanogenic lake sediments

Abstract. Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is among the main processes limiting the release of the greenhouse gas methane from natural environments. Geochemical profiles and experiments with fresh sediments from Lake Kinneret (Israel) indicate that iron-coupled AOM (Fe-AOM) sequesters 10 %–15 % of the methane produced in the methanogenic zone (>20 cm sediment depth). The oxidation of methane in this environment was shown to be mediated by a combination of mcr-gene-bearing archaea and pmoA-gene-bearing aerobic bacterial methanotrophs. Here, we used sediment slurry incubations under controlled conditions to elucidate the electron acceptors and microorganisms that are involved in the AOM process over the long term (∼ 18 months). We monitored the process with the addition of 13C-labeled methane and two stages of incubations: (i) enrichment of the microbial population involved in AOM and (ii) slurry dilution and manipulations, including the addition of several electron acceptors (metal oxides, nitrate, nitrite and humic substances) and inhibitors (2-bromoethanesulfonate, acetylene and sodium molybdate) of methanogenesis, methanotrophy and sulfate reduction and sulfur disproportionation. Carbon isotope measurements in the dissolved inorganic carbon pool suggest the persistence of AOM, consuming 3 %–8 % of the methane produced at a rate of 2.0 ± 0.4 nmol per gram of dry sediment per day. Lipid carbon isotopes and metagenomic analyses point towards methanogens as the sole microbes performing the AOM process by reverse methanogenesis. Humic substances and iron oxides, although not sulfate, manganese, nitrate or nitrite, are the likely electron acceptors used for this AOM. Our observations support the contrast between methane oxidation mechanisms in naturally anoxic lake sediments, with potentially co-existing aerobes and anaerobes, and long-term incubations, wherein anaerobes prevail.
Real-time Statistical Log Anomaly Detection with Continuous AIOps Learning

: Anomaly detection from logs is a fundamental Information Technology Operations (ITOps) management task. It aims to detect anomalous system behaviours and ﬁnd signals that can provide clues to the reasons and the anatomy of a system’s failure. Applying advanced, explainable Artiﬁcial Intelligence (AI) models throughout the entire ITOps is critical to conﬁdently assess, diagnose and resolve such system failures. In this paper, we describe a new online log anomaly detection algorithm which helps signiﬁcantly reduce the time-to-value of Log Anomaly Detection. This algorithm is able to continuously update the Log Anomaly Detection model at run-time and automatically avoid potential biased model caused by contaminated log data. The methods described here have shown 60% improvement on average F1-scores from experiments for multiple datasets comparing to the existing method in the product pipeline, which demonstrates the efﬁcacy of our proposed methods.
Azithromycin as an adjunct to subgingival professional mechanical plaque removal in the treatment of grade C periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate clinical and microbiological outcomes with the use of azithromycin as an adjunct to non-surgical subgingival professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) in the treatment of grade C periodontitis. Online database searches using high-level MeSH terms in a PICO structure were conducted along with hand-searching of relevant periodontal journals. Titles and abstracts of identified studies were independently reviewed by both authors and the full texts of studies meeting the inclusion criteria were independently reviewed. In total, 122 studies were identified through searches, of which 6 were included in the qualitative analysis and 4 in the meta-analysis. Three studies included in the meta-analysis were deemed at low risk of bias and 1 at serious risk. There were conflicting results on whether azithromycin reduced the number of subgingival pathogens or detectable subgingival Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans between the included studies. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant probing depth reduction difference in favour of azithromycin compared to the control at 3 months (weighted mean difference [WMD]=−0.39 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.66 to −0.13 mm; I2=0%) and 12 months (WMD=−1.32 mm; 95% CI, −1.71 to −0.93 mm; I2=0%). The clinical attachment level change was also statistically significant in favour of azithromycin compared to the control at 3 months (WMD=−0.61 mm; 95% CI, −1.13 to −0.10 mm; I2=71%) and 12 months (WMD=−0.88 mm; 95% CI, −1.32 to −0.44 mm; I2=0%). Based upon these results, azithromycin offers additional improvements in some clinical parameters when used in conjunction with subgingival PMPR in patients with aggressive periodontitis over control groups. These improvements appear to be maintained for up to 12 months after treatment completion. However, due to a lack of well-designed studies, the conclusions that can be drawn from the available evidence are limited. Trial Registration International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews Identifier: CRD42020168195
Curved-space Dirac description of elastically deformed monolayer graphene is generally incorrect

Undistorted monolayer graphene has energy bands which cross at protected Dirac points. It elastically deforms and much research has assumed the Dirac description persists, now in a curved space and coupled to a gauge field related to lattice strain. We show this is incorrect by using a real space gradient expansion to study how the Dirac equation derives from the tight binding model. Generic spatially varying hopping functions give rise to large magnetic fields which spoil the truncation in derivatives. In the perturbative regime, the only consistent truncation to Dirac is one with nontrivial gauge field but in flat space. One can instead fine tune the magnetic field to be small, and we derive the resulting differential condition that the hopping functions must satisfy to yield a consistent truncation to Dirac in curved space. We consider whether mechanical effects might impose this fine tuning, but find this is not the case for a simple elastic membrane model.
Economic Assessment of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) Culture with Different Stocking Density in Earthern Pond during Monsoon Season along Saurashtra Region of Gujarat Coast

Optimum use of coastal potential waste land into shrimp farming practice has given prosperity to coastal community of Rajula taluka of Amreli district. Shrimp farming in India has recorded remarkable growth in last three decades especially in coastal states. Economic assessment to shrimp farming experiment was conducted in commercial pond at Kavya Aqua Farm (Rajula) Amreli district of Saurashtra region, it’s a peninsular and southernmost part of Gujarat covering 793 hector area under shrimp farming with higher input costs in Litopenaeus vannamei farming business. The production potential and performance of the species was evaluated in low (30pc/m2) to high (80pc/m2) stocking density for 120 Days of culture in earthen pond conditions. This case study revealed that aquaculture is risky business but farmers still ponder it as a profitable venture with high status. A primary survey using structured interview was conducted with 25 shrimp producer in order to observe the following attributes: social profile, fixed cost, variable cost, yield of production, gross income and net income. At higher stocking rates (80pc/m2) has yielded better production with high count and FCR (feed conversion ratio). The present result indicates better economic return was recorded in low stocking density (30pc/m2) with low count (no of pcs/kg) at harvest. An attempt has been made to assess an economic viability of L.vannamei farming and extent of contribution towards the uplift of their socio-economic status. This study will be of immense support to encourage the farmers of other in and around areas to invest in shrimp farming business to earn better livelihood. Present shrimp farming experiment with different stocking density along with survey study revealed that for small and marginal farmers, L. vannamei farming can be made profitable by adopting lower affordable stocking rates and shrimp farming significant contribution in employment generation and infrastructure development of the coastal community and overall development of the coastal areas.
How the COVID‐19 lockdown affects social relationships in Bangladesh: A social media‐based cross‐sectional study

Abstract For controlling the rapid spread of COVID‐19 infections, the Bangladesh Government imposed lockdown to ensure social distancing among the mass. The study aimed to investigate the effect of COVID‐19 lockdown on social relationships among Bangladeshi nationals. A social media‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted from May 15 through June 7, 2020. The study used a survey questionnaire to ascertain the people's perception on COVID‐19 pandemic and its associated lockdown, and on how the lockdown affected their social relationships. In this study, social relationships referred to the connections between family members, friends, and relatives. Linear regression was employed to determine the predictors of social relationships. A total of 352 survey responses were collected, out of which 64.2 per cent reported that their social relationships became stronger during lockdown. Age, marital status, occupation, and financial condition exhibited significant associations with social relationships. More specifically, young through middle‐aged, married, housewives, and financially solvent people had a significant association with having strong social relationships. This study found that the COVID‐19 lockdown revealed a positive impact on the social relationships of Bangladeshis. Healthy bonding and cordial support of family and friends are understood to have helped them to mitigate their mental stress, leading to positive health implications.
Effect of Ayurveda in management of dysbiosis with special reference to Bifidobacterium in children with autism spectrum disorders

Introduction and Aim: The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder has risen in the last two decades. Disruption of homeostasis of several species and genus of bacteria in the gut termed as dysbiosis is having a pivotal role in ASD pathophysiology. Invariable correlations between the behavioral severities of ASD and dysbiosis management have been affirmed through various previous studies. Bifidobacterium make a significant species appraised well in microbial studies linked with ASD. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of Ayurveda therapies in improving Bifidobacterial abundance in Autism children. Methodology: The study took place at the VPSV Ayurveda College Kottakkal's outpatient and in-patient units where 60 children with Autism were randomized to two groups. The intervention prolonged 30 days in total, with three rounds of assessment: baseline (0th day), interim (30th day), and final (60thday). Both the test and control groups received conventional multidisciplinary therapies for 60 days and additionally, the test group was given Ayurveda poly-herbal formulations and food and lifestyle instructions for first 30 days. The result was made through GI severity index measurement and 16SrRNA sequencing. Results: After one month of intervention with poly herbal compounds of Ayurveda along with lifestyle guidelines and conventional therapies a statistically significant improvement observed in the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium in intervention group compared to control group. Conclusion: Poly herbal compounds of Vilwadi Gulika and Rajanyadi choornam along with the dietary lifestyle guidelines and multidisciplinary interventions has played a big role in improving Bifidobacteria in autistic children.
A Review of Imaging Methods to Assess Ultrasound-Mediated Ablation

Ultrasound ablation techniques are minimally invasive alternatives to surgical resection and have rapidly increased in use. The response of tissue to HIFU ablation differs based on the relative contributions of thermal and mechanical effects, which can be varied to achieve optimal ablation parameters for a given tissue type and location. In tumor ablation, similar to surgical resection, it is desirable to include a safety margin of ablated tissue around the entirety of the tumor. A factor in optimizing ablative techniques is minimizing the recurrence rate, which can be due to incomplete ablation of the target tissue. Further, combining focal ablation with immunotherapy is likely to be key for effective treatment of metastatic cancer, and therefore characterizing the impact of ablation on the tumor microenvironment will be important. Thus, visualization and quantification of the extent of ablation is an integral component of ablative procedures. The aim of this review article is to describe the radiological findings after ultrasound ablation across multiple imaging modalities. This review presents readers with a general overview of the current and emerging imaging methods to assess the efficacy of ultrasound ablative treatments.
PEMANFAATAN KULIT KAYU GEMOR (Alseodaphne sp.) DAN CANGKANG KEMIRI (Aleurites molucca) UNTUK OBAT NYAMUK ALAMI

Blood fever and Chikungunya cases in Indonesia are increasing annually. For preventing the mosquios, people use mosquito coil which is contain dangerous chemical compound. This research has successly created a natural mosquito coil with gemor bark and hazelnut fruit shell as the main material. Gemor bark is positive containing alcaloid,tanin, phenolk, flvonoid, triterpnoid and glycocydic compounds which are natural bioinsecticide. As formulation the comparison of gemor bark and hazelnut shell as follow :100% : 0 % ; 80 % : 20 % ; 65 % : 35 % ; 50 % : 50 % ; 35 % : 65% and 20 % : 80% were used. Base one random variance analysis, the best formula was the using of gemor bark in 50%, 35% and 20% of concentration. The mosquitos killing force analysis was using the LT50 for 6 days with 5 diferent concentrations. The result showed that 50 % of gemor bark was significantly influenced in the killing force. From the economic view, the producion of this coil was cheaper then the same product in the maket. Base on all the result, the research product is applicable in mass producion and safe for human health and the environment. Keywords : gemor bark , hazelnut fruit shell , mosquito coil, natural , ecofriendly
Three dimensional changes of maxillary arch in Unilateral cleft lip and palate patients following comprehensive orthodontic treatment on digital study models

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of comprehensive orthodontic treatment on palatal area, volume, inter-canine and inter-molar width in patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP) using scanned models of the maxillary arch. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary setting. PATIENTS: Two hundred and ten plaster study models of 70 patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (Study group SG) and Control Group (n = 70) were scanned using Maestro 3D Dental scanner. The study groupwas further divided into subgroups; Subgroup I: treated with orthodontic treatment only (non-surgical), Subgroup II: patientsmanaged with combined orthodontics and orthognathic surgery (either maxillary advancement or maxillary distraction), Subgroup A: age >14 years and Subgroup B: age <14 years. INTERVENTIONS: Comprehensive orthodontic and Orthosurgical treatment MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pre- and post-treatment scanned maxillary models of the study group were compared for palatal area and volumeand intercanine and intermolar width. The palatal dimensions of post-treatment scanned models were also compared to that of the control group. RESULTS: The Palatal area and volume, intercanine and intermolar width were significantly higher in the post-treatment as compared to pre-treatment study models (P < 0.01). The measurements ofthe maxillary arch were significantly higher in the control group compared to the post-treatment measurements of the study group. The increase in palatal area and volume was greater in Subgroup I and A compared to Subgroup II and B patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: The 3-Dimensional palatal dimensions in UCLP group improved after orthodontic treatment but were still not comparable to the normal subjects. The patients with age >14 years showed more improvement in the maxillary arch.
Wind farm control technologies: from classical control to reinforcement learning

Wind power plays a vital role in the global effort towards net zero. A recent figure shows that 93GW new wind capacity was installed worldwide in 2020, leading to a 53% year-on-year increase. The control system is the core of wind farm operations and has an essential influence on the farm’s power capture efficiency, economic profitability, and operation and maintenance cost. However, the inherent system complexities of wind farms and the aerodynamic interactions among wind turbines cause significant barriers to control system design. The wind industry has recognized that new technologies are needed to handle wind farm control tasks, especially for large-scale offshore wind farms. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the development and most recent advances in wind farm control technologies. It covers the introduction of fundamental aspects of wind farm control in terms of system modeling, main challenges and control objectives. Existing wind farm control methods for different purposes, including layout optimization, power generation maximization, fatigue load minimization and power reference tracking, are investigated. Moreover, a detailed discussion regarding the differences and similarities between model-based, model-free and data-driven wind farm approaches is presented. In addition, we highlight state-of-the-art wind farm control technologies based on reinforcement learning—a booming machine learning technique that has drawn worldwide attention. Future challenges and research avenues in wind farm control are also analyzed.
N-acetylcysteine Ameliorates Vancomycin-induced Nephrotoxicity by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the in vivo and in vitro Models

Background: Oxidative stress-related apoptosis is considered as the key mechanism implicated in the pathophysiology of nephrotoxicity with vancomycin (VCM) therapy. We evaluated the possible effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on VCM-induced nephrotoxicity and the underlying mechanism. Methods: VCM-induced nephrotoxicity was established using HK-2 cells and SD rats and observed by measuring cell survival, kidney histological changes, renal function and kidney injury related markers (KIM-1 and NGAL). Oxidative stress, renal cell apoptosis and the involved signaling pathways were also evaluated. Results: In model rats, NAC could protect against VCM-induced acute kidney injury with histological damage, renal dysfunction, and increased Cre and BUN levels. In HK-2 cells, VCM-induced decreased cell viability was restored by NAC. In addition, increased expression of caspase-3, KIM-1 and NGAL suffering from VCM was also reversed by NAC in vivo and in vitro. NAC inhibited ROS production, decreased cell apoptosis by decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 expression in HK-2 cells and regulated oxidative stress indicators in the kidney by decreasing GSH, SOD and CAT activity and increasing MDA levels. Furthermore, NAC could effectively reverse VCM-associated increased P38 MAPK/JNK phosphorylation. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that NAC had a protective effect against nephrotoxicity from VCM by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis via P38 MAPK/JNK.
Assessment of health and safety management on construction sites in Kenya: a case of construction projects in Nairobi County

The construction industry is an important part of the economy in many countries and is often seen as a driver of economic growth especially in developing countries. Owing to its relatively labour intensive nature, construction works provide opportunities for employment for a wide range of people skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled. Despite its importance, construction industries are considered risky with frequent accidents rates and ill health problems to workers, practitioners and end users. However, knowledge on how health and safety risks are managed on public construction sites in Kenya is limited. This study therefore, aims to find out the current practice of health and safety management on public construction sites in Nairobi County, Kenya, A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in randomly selected public construction sites. Questionnaires were used for collection of qualitative and quantitative data from contractors and workers on public construction sites. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. The study concludes that the most common cause of injuries is tools and equipments, slips and over extortion respectively, with fire explosion and electricity and transport trailing the list, the management teams were commitment toward implementing the safety measures. Training influences the implementation health and safety measures