Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Technology Acceptance in Turkey using Fuzzy Logic and Structural Equation Modelling

Technology is in a constant progress in the way of satisfying increasing human needs. This fact will hold true for the years to come. However, the level of adaptation to technological advancements varies greatly across countries. The pace of adjustment is directly proportional to the importance attached to and the funds allocated for this purpose. Despite the abundance of technological investments in Turkey in recent years, there are only a few studies analyzing the current level of individual interest in technology. This study therefore aims to determine the technology acceptance of Turkish people by using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) developed by Davis (1989) and to demonstrate the reasons to accept or not accept technology departing from the links between dimensions. While accomplishing this aim, Structural Equation Model (SEM) that is a highly strong multivariable analysis technique that makes possible the evaluation of latent structures like psychosocial needs, and the Fuzzy Logic Theorem that provides strong and significant instruments for the measurement of ambiguities and provides the opportunity to meaningfully represent ambiguous concepts expressed in the natural language were used. According to the findings of this study, it was determined that the perceived ease of use is more influential in people’s acceptance of technology than the perceived usefulness is. It was also found that technology acceptance does not differ significantly at the statistical significance level of 0.05 with respect to the participants’ demographic characteristics (age, gender, education level, hometown etc.). In addition, analyses performed to define the relationships between the dimensions of the TAM yielded results that highly supported the TAM. In other words, the dimensions affect technology acceptance to positive and significant degrees.
ADAPTATION OF TARAI BUFFALOES TO SEASONAL VARIATIONS AS INDICATED BY HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of seasonal change in thermal environment on Haematological parameters in Tarai buffaloes under tropical conditions. The highest mean values of maximum ambient temperature (°C) were reported in summer, followed by pre-winter and winter, while the highest values of relative humidity (%) were recorded in winter than other two seasons. The highest values of erythrocyte count, packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular heamoglobin concentration (MCHC) were recorded during winter and the lowest in summer. The erythrocyte counts, PCV and haemoglobin concentration differed significantly in all the three seasons. The mean cell volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) were significantly lesser in summer as compared to other two seasons. The total leukocyte count (TLC) was affected significantly by seasonal change in thermal environment. The lymphocyte and eosinophil number was highest in winter and neutrophils were highest in summer. The monocyte number was significantly lower in summer as compared to winter and no significant changes in basophil count was observed. It can be concluded from our study that tarai buffaloes adapt to seasonal changes by varying their haematological response.
Impact of medication therapy management (MTM) program on the clinical outcomes and the quality of life

To evaluate the impact of a medication therapy management (MTM) program on the clinical outcomes and the quality of life (QoL) of a group of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The study was conducted in a community pharmacy in Aracaju, Brazil, from February to November 2009. A quasiexperimental, longitudinal, prospective study was conducted by intervention. The group patients received medication therapy management from a clinical pharmacist. A sample of convenience was obtained for patients of both genders aged from 60 to 75 years. Monthly visits were scheduled over 10 months. At these consultations, sociodemographic, clinical data were obtained. QoL assessment was conducted using a generic instrument—the Medical Outcomes Studies 36-item Short Form Survey (SF-36®). In total, 34 completed the study. The mean ag e of the patients was 65.9 (4.7) years. In total, 117 DRPs were identified. Patients’ baseline and final evaluation measures for glycosylated hemoglobin, capillary blood glucose, blood pressure, and waist circumference were significantly different (p < 0.05). The domains of QoL assessed by the SF-36® also show s significant differences between patients’ baseline and final evaluation scores. The co-responsibility and active participation on the part of the elderly may have helped pharmacotherapy achieve its clinical and humanistic aims.
Three New Karyotypic Races of the Common Shrew Sorex Araneus (Mammalia: Insectivora) and a Phylogeny

-Three new karyotypic races of common shrew have been found in Britain: the "Aberdeen" race (northeastern Scotland); the "Oxford" race (central and northern Britain); and the "Hermitage" race (southeastern England). The karyotypes of all these races include metacentrics hi, jl and gm. Their karyotypes differ in metacentrics composed of chromosome arms k, n, o, pi q, r (Aberdeen: ko, np, qr; Oxford: kq, no, pr; Hermitage: ko only). The relationship of all 12 known karyotypic races of the common shrew ~has been examined by cladistic analysis. The results, supported by the geographic distribution of the races, suggest that there are three phylogenetic groups of common shrew (the "West European," "East European" and "Siberian" phylogenetic groups) to which 10 of the 12 karyotypic races can be ascribed (the British races belong to the West European phylogenetic group). Of the remaining two races, the Kuusijoki race in northern Scandinavia has characteristics of both the West European and East European phylogenetic groups and may have originated through hybridization, while the Valais race in Switzerland shows no close relationship to the other races. I propose that the European range of the common shrew was restricted to southern parts during the last glacial maximum and that the West European phylogenetic group spread over an area extending from southeastern to northwestern Europe at the end of the ice age. [Sorex araneus; karyotypic variation; Robertsonian races; cladistic classification; racial hybridization; glacial refugia; range expansion. ] One of the earliest detailed karyotypic surveys of a mammal was that conducted by C. E. Ford and coworkers on the common shrew (Sorex araneus) in Britain in the 1950s and 1960s (see Ford and Hamerton, 1970). Shrews were sampled from over 20 sites between northwestern Scotland and the south of England. The samples confirmed the existence of a karyotypic polymorphism of the Robertsonian type (first described in shrews by Sharman, 1956) over a wide geographic area. With respect to this polymorphism, the samples also indicated an increase in the frequency of the metacentric morphs of polymorphic arm combinations westwards and northwards
REFEREES FOR THIS ISSUE

Purpose In this study, the ICT development level of Turkey is aimed to evaluate. To this end, ICT development Index (ICTDEV-I) calculated for Turkey-wide and 12 regions from the years of 2013 to 2017 separately for each year. Then, comparative analysis and recent situation analysis are performed. Methodology Following the methodology used by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Factor Analysis is used and the Principal Component Analysis method is chosen to calculate the ICTDEV-I and to determine the weight of each indicator. FindingsThe regions are ranked according to the calculated index values. ICTDEV-I values of 12 regions are increased within five years. ConclusionWithin five years, there has not a considerable change in the index ranking of the regions, and many regions have kept their place in the index. Considering the ICTDEV-I values of the regions, while Istanbul has the highest value, the Southeast Anatolia Region has the lowest value.
Sero-prevalence of HIV-1 Among Commercial Sex Workers in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

The role of Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) in facilitating transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV is a subject of continued interest. Sex for money has varied structures across the world usually found in organized and semi-organized type of residence and in some cases as freelance. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of HIV-1 among CSWs in Abuja, FCT, Nigeria. A non-randomized, non-bias study was conducted among 400 CSWs (age brackets 16-50 years) who voluntarily consented to participate in the study. The recruitment was done in brothels, hotels and in settlement camps among 143 male sex workers (MSWs) and 257 female sex workers (FSWs). The test was carried out using Uni-Gold HIV 1/2 test kit (Trinity Biotech, Ireland) and Serocard HIV 1/2 test kit (Trinity Biotech, Ireland) using serial algorithm. 124(31%) of the CSWs tested were HIV antibody positive. Based on gender, 25(17.5%) of the MSWs were positive while 99(38.5%) of the FSWs were tested positive. Considering the age of the volunteers, those within the age brackets of 31-35 years has the highest prevalence of 41(32%) of the total positives. Male sex workers had the highest prevalence within the age bracket of 31-35 years with 9(36%) positive while the FSWs within the age brackets of 26-30 years has the highest prevalence of 35(35.4%). This study indicated that there is epidemics of HIV-1 among CSWs but higher among the FSWs. It is therefore concluded that commercial sex workers are major source of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 in Abuja.
Interest Rate And Exchange Rate In An Oil Dependent Economy: The Case Of Nigeria

We examine the long and short run impact of lending and deposit interest rates on exchange rate in Nigeria using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and annual data for the period 1981-2018. In Nigeria, there are two lending rates, i.e., prime and maximum lending rates, thus, we carry out robustness check to find out if the two interest rates have different impact on exchange rate in Nigeria. The result indicates that the relationship between lending interest and exchange rates in Nigeria is not sensitive to the type of lending interest rate used. Our findings reveal that increase in lending rate causes the Naira to depreciate significantly; making other currencies to be expensive against the Naira. However, we find that increase in deposit interest rate insignificantly appreciates the Naira against other currencies. Furthermore, we establish a negative significant relationship between GDP and exchange rate and a positive significant association between money supply and exchange rate in Nigeria. Based on our findings, we conclude that while lending interest rate, economic growth and money supply strongly influence value of the Naira against other currencies, deposit interest rate is weak in determining the rate at which the Naira is exchanged for other currencies.
p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein Content in Human Uterine Leiomyomas and Its Down-Regulation by 17β-Estradiol

p53 protein, a tumor suppressor gene product, has been reported to play a crucial role in suppressing the growth of a variety of cancer cells. However, little information is currently available regarding the content of p53 protein in human leiomyomas. The present study was conducted to elucidate the p53 protein content in human leiomyomas and its regulation by sex steroid hormones. The content of p53 protein in leiomyomas was examined by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis in comparison with that in the adjacent normal myometrium or leiomyoma specimens from GnRH agonist-treated patients. In addition, isolated human leiomyoma cells were subcultured in phenol red-free DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS for 120 h and then stepped down to serum-free conditions for an additional 72 h in the absence or presence of 17β-estradiol (E2; 10 ng/ml), progesterone (P4; 100 ng/ml), or E2 (10 ng/ml) plus P4 (100 ng/ml). The effects of sex steroids on p53 protein content in cultured leiomyoma cells were als.
Gravitropic responses of the Avena coleoptile in space and on clinostats.IV.The clinostat as a substitute for space experiments

Gravitropic responses of dark grown oat coleoptiles were measured in weightlessness and under clinorotation on earth. The tests in microgravity were conducted in Spacelab during the IML-1 mission and those on clinostats were conducted in laboratories on earth. The same apparatus was used for both kinds of tests. In both cases autotropism and gravitropic responsiveness were determined. This allowed a quantitative comparison between the plants' responses after receiving the same tropistic stimulations either in weightlessness or on clinostats. Autotropism was observed with oat coleoptiles responding in weightlessness but it did not occur on clinostats. Gravitropic responsiveness was measured as the ratio between the incremental bending response (degrees curvature) and the corresponding incremental g-dose (stimulus intensity times duration for which it was applied). Plants were tested at either of two stages of coleoptile development (i.e. different coleoptile lengths). From a total of six different kinds of critical comparisons that could be made from our tests that provided data for clinorotated vs weightless plants, three showed no significant difference between responses in simulated vs authentic weightlessness. Three other comparisons showed highly significant differences. Therefore, the validity of clinorotation as a general substitute for space flight was not supported by these results.
PERSIAN QUESTION CLASSIFICATION USING HEADWORD AND SEMANTIC FEATURES

Question classification is an important component in question answering systems. The task of question classifier is to assign a label, depending on the classification strategy, to written question in natural language. Features are essential elements to obtaining an accurate question classifier. Low accuracy at the fine-grained level is the main problem among classifiers. In this paper, in order to improve the accuracy of question classification, two new features such as question’s headword and related semantic words are introduced. If headword is correctly identified, then the accuracy of answer classification increases. On the other hand, semantic meaning of related words effects on accuracy of the answer classification for both coarse and fine grained classes. The result shows the contribution of the presented features in coarse-and fine-grained classification accuracy.
Relationships of subalpine forest fires in the Colorado Front Range with interannual and multidecadal‐scale climatic variation

Aim An understanding of past relationships between fire occurrence and climate variability will help to elucidate the implications of climate‐change scenarios for future patterns of wildfire. In the present study we investigate the relationships between subalpine‐zone fire occurrence and climate variability and broad‐scale climate patterns in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans at both interannual and multidecadal time‐scales.
PHOSPHOLIPON AS A BINDER IN THE FORMULATION OF 4- ACETOMIDOPHENOL TABLETS

Pharmaceutical manufacturing inform of liposomal delivery has one of the most important approaches to improve the cellular uptake and subsequent bioavailability of drugs and as such phospholipon was chosen as a binder and studied for its effectiveness by comparing with microcrystalline cellulose and corn starch using wet granulation method. Wet granulation method using phospholipon, corn starch and microcrystalline cellulose as a binder was employed. The compressed tablets were evaluated for the following physicochemical characteristics; general appearance, weight variation, friability, hardness, disintegration and in vitro drug release studies. The release pattern of 1% dispersion of phospholipon in water has met the USP specification, in which more than 80 % of paracetamol tablet was released at 30 minutes. The release pattern of the drug was observed to be time dependent at the duration of time used. In addition, the amount of drug released by phospholipon and corn starch at 60 minutes interval was greater than 100%. The tablets obtained in this study have an approximate average weight which is within the limit of the percentage deviation allowed by USP. The tablets showed a slight variation in diameter and thickness which is within the BP limits and hence negligible. In the present study, the observed hardness for phospholipon and MCC were within the USP specification (4 to 8 kgF), whereas for corn starch, the value were above the USP specification. The percentage friability of the MCC was similar to that of the phospholipon, whereas for corn starch, the value was lower. The disintegration time of phospholipon was found to be higher than the two formulations. The binding capacity of phospholipon at low concentration for drug delivery especially in the formulation of paracetamol tablets was assessed and found to be better than microcrystalline cellulose and corn starch. This amply justifies the current use of phospholipon as a binder in many pharmaceutical formulations.
Adult EFL Pair-work Pattern and Learners’ Perception in a University Extension Program

Pair-work patterns demonstrated by English language learners were being identified as 1) collaborative, 2) dominant/dominan t, 3) dominant/passive, and 4) expert/novice. Related studies reported that collab r tive pattern was the most beneficial and yet pair work activity might not nec essarily be helpful and effective in a language classroom. The present study explored the dyadic patterns and learners’ perception via pair work. Fifty adults from beginni g level English conversation classes were examined over an 8-month period. Learners were randomly paired up to work on in paired tasks during which their dialogues were r ecorded. In addition, questionnaire and interviews were conducted to reflect their perc eptions on pair work and its influence on L2 learning. Results showed that colla b r tive pattern were prevalent in adult learners and a passive/passive pattern which would change to a collaborative one over time was found. More importantly, learners rep orted that they would adjust their roles to fit in and to achieve the required task—on e would shift from a dominating role to an active partner in response to a more collabor tive context that facilitates learning. This inferred that even a passive partner was able to partly contribute and that further explained an identified active/passive (l ss active) interaction pattern rather than a dominant/passive one among adult EFL learners. In terms of comments on paired task, all participants claimed it useful in L2 learning and 90% of them credited the improved confidence to pair work activ ity. The researcher proposed three adult EFL pair-work patterns that revealed the popu lation’s distinct features.
Seasonal variation in marine growth of sea trout, Salmo trutta, in coastal Skagerrak

Sea trout (Salmo trutta) originating from small coastal streams can be found at sea throughout the year, in contrast to conspecifics from larger rivers, which typically spend the autumn and winter in fresh water. Such an extended marine stay has been observed in coastal Skagerrak. We studied the seasonal variation in marine growth of Skagerrak sea trout based on scale increment patterns and body lengths of 563 individuals captured at sea. Growth, measured as increased body length, was rapid during summer while there was no evidence for continued growth during autumn and winter. Growth decreased with increasing age of the fish. Our results suggest that coastal Skagerrak is an important feeding area for sea trout during summer, and that an extended marine stay during autumn and winter may have trade-off benefits other than somatic growth. Alternative benefits might be increased winter survival and decreased migratory costs of juvenile fish.
Disturbance, Habituation, and Management of Waterbird Colonies

-This Commentary presents a critique of studies of effects of human disturbance on breeding colonial waterbirds, including a recent review by Carney and Sydeman (1999). It challenges the mind-set that the effects of disturbance are always adverse, and the resulting management principle that disturbance should be minimized. I argue that many studies do not withstand critical scientific scrutiny, and that published papers and reviews systematically overstate the adverse effects of human disturbance. I propose definitions of the terms "disturbance", "habituation" and "tolerance", as well as classifications of types of disturbance and types of effect. Contrary to prevailing opinions, there is little scientifically acceptable evidence that human disturbance causes substantial harm to terns (Sterna spp.), gulls (Larus spp.) or herons (Ardeidae), although it is likely that sporadic incidents of harassment and vandalism are under-reported. Convincing evidence of adverse effects has been presented for several other species and groups of species; most well-documented cases have been early in the nesting cycle and/or mediated by diurnal avian predators. Although there are no formal studies of habituation, many or most colonial waterbirds can become extremely tolerant of repeated human disturbance. I recommend that, where appropriate, waterbird colonies should be managed for multiple uses (including research, education, and recreation) by deliberately promoting habituation. Although many field biologists are careful to investigate the effects of their activities and are successful in minimizing them, others appear insufficiently aware of the potential for harm, so that there is a need for more complete guidelines and better training.
The relationship between spoilage and Listeria monocytogenes contamination in bagged and wrapped big bale silage

A farm-scale trial to compare the effectiveness of polythene bags and wrapping of big bale silage was monitored for Listeria monocytogenes contamination. There was no significant difference between the level of L. monocytogenes found in wrapped and bagged big bale silage, but the work confirmed that big bale silage is prone to contamination by Listeria organisms, and that the degree of Listeria contamination could be significantly reduced by the removal of obviously spoiled material prior to feeding.
Endophytes as alternative paclitaxel sources exploiting biodiversity for the improvement of natural product-based drug discovery

Endophytes, microorganisms that colonize internal tissues of all plant species, create a huge biodiversity with yet unknown novel natural products, presumed to push forward the frontiers of drug discovery. Next to the clini-cally acknowledged antineoplastic agent, paclitaxel, endophyte research has yielded potential drug lead compounds with antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, insulin mimetic, anti-neurodegenerative and immunosuppressant properties. Furthermore, while being implicated in livestock neurotoxicosis, some endophyte-produced alkaloids have been shown to display insecticidal activity. The endophyte-host relationship is postulated to be a ‘balanced antagonism’. Moreover, the plausibility of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) hypothesis is taken into account. Knowledge of the genetic background of endophytic natural product biosynthesis is discussed on the basis of loline alkaloids, ergopeptines, lolitrems and maytansinoids. The current dynamic progress in genomics will contribute to a better understanding of endophytic microbes and to further exploiting them as a source of pharmaceutically relevant compounds.