Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Survival and Reproduction of Small Hive Beetle (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) on Commercial Pollen Substitutes

Abstract An assay was developed to investigate the potential survival and reproduction of the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), when provided artificial food resources in managed European honey bee, Apis mellifera Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), colonies. Supplemental feeding was done to maintain the health of the hive, initiate comb building, expand colony numbers, and promote pollen foraging. To complement the protein requirement of honey bees, commercial pollen substitutes have been developed and are available for producers. Small hive beetles also exploit the pollen substitutes when present in the hive. Adult beetles were provided with 7 different commercial pollen substitutes and allowed to freely feed and oviposit over a period of 30 d. Beetles that survived the longest on the treatments did not necessarily produce the most larvae. The supplement Bee-Pro® supported the greatest survival, yet produced very low larval numbers. Global Patties® produced the most larvae; however, adult survival was low. This result may have been due to the larvae using all of the food resources in a short amount of time, leaving little to support adult survival. Four of the 7 treatments supported 70% or greater beetle survival for the entire assay period. This study suggests that the protein supplement needs to be readily consumed by the honey bee colony if it is to be effective for pest control. Careful selection of the amount and type of honey bee supplemental diets is important in balancing nutritional needs of bees and reducing potential problems with small hive beetles.
Propagation of Drosera rotundifolia and Drosera capensis in an in vitro Culture System

Drosera rotundifolia and Drosera capensis (Droseraceae) are carnivorous plants grown as ornamentals and sources for homeopathic medicine. The aim of this study was to optimize nutrient and growth regulator concentrations for the in vitro propagation of these species. Half strength MS medium (1/2MS) was supplemented with kinetin (0.5, 2, 5 mg/l) or 6-benzyladenine (3, 5 mg/l) and plantlets were transferred to 1/2MS with or without cytokinins. After 8 weeks rosette diameter, plant height, number of roots, root length were recorded and plants were cultured in full strength MS, 1/2MS or 1/2MS with 0.5 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid for the same period of time. Afterwards, plant characteristics (number of roots, root length, number of shoots, number of flower stalks) were assessed. For D. rotundifolia , shoot development and rosette diameter increased significantly in the medium with 0.5 mg/l kinetin and 3 mg/l 6-benzyladenine, while root development decreased. Plant growth regulator free medium was more suitable for root development than medium with α-naphthaleneacetic acid and thus supported the formation of significantly more flower stalks. For D. kinetin was for shoot the optimum medium for both shoot and root formation being MS without plant growth regulators.
Posterior and Mid-Fusiform Contribute to Distinct Stages of Facial Expression Processing

Though the fusiform is well-established as a key node in the face perception network, its role in facial expression processing remains unclear, due to competing models and discrepant findings. To help resolve this debate, we recorded from 17 subjects with intracranial electrodes implanted in face sensitive patches of the fusiform. Multivariate classification analysis showed that facial expression information is represented in fusiform activity, in the same regions that represent identity, though with a smaller effect size. Examination of the spatiotemporal dynamics revealed a functional distinction between posterior and mid-fusiform expression coding, with posterior fusiform showing an early peak of facial expression sensitivity at around 180 ms after subjects viewed a face and mid-fusiform showing a later and extended peak between 230 – 460 ms. These results support the hypothesis that the fusiform plays a role in facial expression perception and highlight a qualitative functional distinction between processing in posterior and mid-fusiform, with each contributing to temporally segregated stages of expression perception.
In vitro effect of lysophosphatidic acid on proliferation, invasion and migration of human ovarian cancer cells

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of 3AO, SKOV3 and CAOV3 human ovarian cancer cell lines. Methods: SKOV3, 3AO and CAOV3 cell lines were respectively treated with LPA. Changes in the proliferation rate of these cell lines were observed after LPA treatment. The cell lines that were not treated with LPA served as control group. Boyden chamber was used to assess cell invasion and migration capability. The expression levels of relevant cytokines related to cell migration in the supernatant of CAOV3 cell line were determined using ELISA following LPA stimulation. Results: The cell proliferation rate of human ovarian cancer cell lines was significantly accelerated after in vitro LPA treatment in a concentration-dependent fashion. Boyden chamber assay data indicate that invasion indices in 3AO and CAOV3 cell lines were significantly higher than those in untreated control cell lines (p < 0.05). However, no statistical significance was noted between 3AO and CAOV3 cell lines (p < 0.05). The expression levels of relevant cytokines in the CAOV3 cell line were significantly upregulated after LPA treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: LPA intervention in vitro accelerates cell proliferation rate and also significantly upregulates the expression levels of multiple cytokines related to cell migration in human ovarian cancer cell lines, suggesting that LPA plays a significant role in the invasion and migration of SKOV3, 3AO and CAOV3 cell lines. Keywords: Ovarian carcinoma, Tumor infiltration, Lysophosphatidic acid, Cell migration, Cytokines
Proposta de formulação contendo extrato de folhas de Eugenia involucrata e análise da atividade antimicrobiana. Proposal of a formulation containing leaves extract of Eugenia involucrata.

Eugenia involucrata, tambem conhecida como cerejeira-do-mato, e uma especie nativa do sul do Brasil. O objetivo do trabalho foi otimizar um extrato das folhas de E. involucrata , empregando turbo-extracao, e desenvolver uma emulsao, contendo o extrato, avaliando a atividade antimicrobiana. Para otimizacao do extrato foram avaliados dois fatores, determinando residuo seco e teor de compostos fenolicos. Na elaboracao da emulsao foi utilizado homogeneizador ultra turrax, e as concentracoes do extrato adicionadas a emulsao foram de 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 e 2,0%. As formulacoes foram avaliadas frente ao pH, caracteristicas visuais, tamanho de particula e polidispersao. Para o ensaio antimicrobiano foi aplicada tecnica de difusao em agar. Por meio do planejamento fatorial 3 2 do Centro de Pesquisa e Processamento de Alimentos-CEPPA, considerando os fatores polaridade do solvente e tempo de extracao, foi possivel verificar melhores resultados com o extrato obtido em solvente etanol e tempo de extracao de 3 minutos. A formulacao apresentou pH acido, sem separacao de fases, variacoes no tamanho de goticula, indicando sistema com distribuicao heterogenea e atividade antifungica . O sistema emulsionado desenvolvido, contendo diferentes concentracoes de extrato, apresentou atividade antifungica em todas as concentracoes testadas, indicando que novos estudos podem ser realizados para otimizar a formulacao desenvolvida.
Role of the SUMO pathway in Acute Myeloid Leukemias response to treatments

Differentiation therapies are a promising alternative to genotoxic-based chemotherapies in the treatment of many cancers. In particular, All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) is successfully used for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemias, a subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemias. However, its clinical efficiency is very limited in the other AML subtypes, in particular because of epigenetic repression of ATRA-responsive genes. SUMOs are a family of post-translational modifiers related to ubiquitin and their conjugation, sumoylation, to their substrate proteins regulate many processes including gene transcription. The aim of my thesis was to understand the role of sumoylation in AML responses to treatments. I showed that sumoylation represses ATRA-induced differentiation in many AML cell lines and primary patient samples, including those resistant to chemotherapies. Inhibition of sumoylation with pharmacological inhibitors or overexpression of desumoylases markedly increased their differentiation by ATRA and increasing sumoylation by overexpression of SUMO or its conjugating enzyme Ubc9 strongly reduce ATRA efficiency. Inhibition of sumoylation synergize with ATRA to arrest AML cells proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, inhibition of sumoylation primes AML cells for differentiation by facilitating the expression of master genes of the myeloid differentiation. Targeting the SUMO pathway thus constitute a promising approach to sensitize AML to differentiation therapies.
Forfeiting the founder effect: turnover defines biofilm community succession

Microbial community succession is a fundamental process that effects underlying functions of almost all ecosystems; yet the roles and fates of the most abundant colonizers are poorly understood. Does early abundance spur long term persistence? How do deterministic and stochastic processes influence the roles of founder species? We performed a succession experiment within a hypersaline microbial mat ecosystem to investigate how ecological processes contributed to the turnover of founder species. Bacterial and micro-eukaryotic founder species were identified from primary succession and tracked through a defined maturation period using 16S and 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in combination with high resolution imaging that utilized stable isotope tracers to evaluate basic functional capabilities. The majority of the founder species did not maintain high relative abundances in later stages of succession. Turnover (versus nestedness) was the dominant process shaping the final community structure. We also asked if different ecological processes acted on bacteria versus eukaryotes during successional stages and found that deterministic and stochastic forces corresponded more with eukaryote and bacterial colonization, respectively. Our results show that taxa from different kingdoms, that share habitat in the tight spatial confines of a biofilm, were influenced by different ecological forces and time scales of succession.
Effects of hand-rearing on physiology and anatomy in the grey partridge

Artificial rearing may result in changes in the physiology and anatomy of gallinaceous birds. This may partially explain the poor survival of released birds. To study the effects of hand-rearing on grey partridges Perdix perdix, we measured the anatomical and physiological characteristics of 14 wild and 15 hand-reared partridges. Captive partridges were heavier, had relatively larger breast muscles but relatively lighter hearts and livers than wild birds. Wild birds had longer small intestines, longer caeca and relatively heavier gizzards than hand-reared birds. They also had higher glycogen content and cytochrome-c oxidase activity in the pectoral muscles, indicating their better flying endurance compared to hand-reared birds. The results suggest that captivity results in altered anatomical and physiological characteristics, and hand-reared partridges may therefore be poorly predisposed for an abrupt release into the wild.
Structural and functional studies on CHFR autoubiquitination

II Acknowledgements III List of tables X List of figures XI List of Abbreviations XVII Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Eukaryotic cell division and cell cycle checkpoints 2 1.1.1 The antephase checkpoint 4 1.2 Ubiquitination 5 1.2. 1 The ubiquitination pathway 5 1.2. 2 E1 ubiquitin activating enzymes 7 1.2. 3 E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzymes 7 1.2. 4 Mono-, multiand polyubiquitin chain formation 10 1.2. 5 E3 ubiquitin ligases 12 1.2. 5.1 HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases 12 1.2. 5.2 RING between RING (RBR) 12 1.2. 5.3 RING E3 ubiquitin ligases 13 1.2. 6 Deubiquitinases (DUBs) 15 1.3 Structure and function of the CHFR RING E3 ubiquitin ligase 16 1.3. 1 CHFR-mediated ubiquitination of mitotic proteins delays G2/ M transition 16 1.3. 2 A role for CHFR in the maintenance of genomic stability 20 1.3. 3 CHFR down-regulation via promoter hypermethylation and mutation in cancer cell lines and tumours 21 1.3. 4 Domain architecture 22 1.3. 4.1 The C-terminal cysteine rich domain (CRD) 24 1.3. 4.2 The N-terminal FHA domain 26 1.3. 4.3 Central RING domain 28
At the landscape level, birds respond strongly to habitat amount but weakly to fragmentation

It is usually thought that habitat fragmentation acts negatively on species survival, and consequently, on biodiversity. Recent literature challenges whether habitat fragmentation per se affects species richness, beyond the effect of habitat area. Theoretical studies have suggested that fragmentation may matter most when the amount of available habitat is small or at intermediate levels. However, a recent review suggests that the effect of fragmentation on species richness is usually positive. Here, we dissect the richness–fragmentation relationship. What is the effect size? Does it depend upon the amount of habitat cover? How do individual species respond to fragmentation?
Delayed ovarian resumption in Holstein lactating cows: association with elevated beta-hydroxybutyrate levels during early postpartum period

The present study was aimed to investigate body condition, hepatic insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF binding protein (BP)-1 and growth hormone receptor (GHR) mRNA abundance and specific energy metabolites in association with delayed ovarian resumption in Holstein lactating cows. Of 10 cows studied, 5 cows had normal ovarian resumption (NR group), whereas the remaining 5 cows had delayed ovarian resumption (AB group) within 7 wks after calving. No significant differences in mean BW and BCS between the two groups were observed (P > 0.05). In addition, mean hepatic IGF-1, IGFBP-1 and GHR mRNA abundance of the NR and AB groups was not significantly different (P > 0.05). Mean non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels of the two groups were elevated, particularly at 1 wk after calving, but no significant differences between the two groups were observed (P > 0.05). In contrast, differences in mean beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels between the NR and AB groups were significant (P = 0.047) and mean BHB levels at 3 and 5 wks after calving of the AB group were higher than those of the NR group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the effects of BW, BCS, hepatic IGF-1, IGFBP-1 and GHR mRNA abundance and NEFA levels were not observed, but a degree of negative energy balance (NEB), indicated by the elevated BHB levels during the early postpartum period, was associated with the occurrence of delayed resumption of ovarian activity in the Holstein lactating cows.
Molecular Regulation of Muscle Protein Synthesis at Rest and Following Endurance Exercise

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether protein consumption after endurance exercise modulates postprandial fraction-specific muscle protein synthesis. In crossover trials, eight trained men received a primed continuous infusion of L-[ring-H5]phenylalanine to measure changes in myofibrillar (MyoPS) and mitochondrial (MitoPS) protein synthesis in response to 20g of egg protein with 50 g carbohydrates at rest and after 1 h of treadmill running at 70%VO2peak. Muscle biopsies were obtained while fasted and at 0, 1 and 5h after beverage ingestion to determine Myo/MitoPS (LC/MS/MS) and intracellular signaling (Western blotting/immunofluorescence). We demonstrate that MitoPS is uninfluenced by feeding and exercise whereas MyoPS is primarily nutrient sensitive over a 5h postprandial period at rest and after endurance exercise, which may be underpinned in part by enhanced mRNA translational capacity mediated through an increase in 4E-BP1 phosphorylation and secondary to an increase in mTOR/Rheb colocalization and reciprocal decrease in TSC2/Rheb colocalization.
Methane production increases with warming and carbon additions to incubated sediments from a semiarid reservoir

Abstract Methane production (MP) in aquatic systems is positively related to temperature and trophic state. Global warming and eutrophication are predicted to potentiate MP in freshwater reservoirs. The simultaneous impact of rising temperature and carbon and nutrient additions on MP were examined in a tropical semiarid hydropower reservoir. Sediments cores from 3 locations (profundal, littoral, and intermediate) with differing water depth were sectioned and slurries incubated at 20, 30, and 40 °C with or without additions of carbon, nitrogen, or phosphorus, or all combined. Maximal MP (4.2 μmol g DW−1 d−1), occurred under carbon addition, and mean MP was about twice as high than in the control, independent of temperature. The effect of carbon additions manifested differently at the 3 locations, with enhancement of MP greater in upper sediment layers of the profundal location and in deeper layers (4–8 cm) of littoral and intermediate locations. Without carbon addition, MP was slower and positive effects of warming were more frequent, especially in littoral. These results suggest that the combined effect of warming and land use changes, principally on carbon loads, will increase the MP and methane emissions potential in this semiarid reservoir. Differences in effects are linked to location in the reservoir.
Environmental Impact of Metals Leaching Generated from Long Term Coal Ash Disposal Placement of more than 10 Years Periods

In this paper, we describes the impact of long-term coal ash disposal. Constraints of coal ash waste utilization are the main reason the wastes ended at ash disposal facility for long periods of time generated an environmental impact. The impact is observed based on comparison of several variables such as leaching ratio (LR) values of each environmental component. Leaching potential was completed by calculated LR values and the relationship between the variables through correlation analysis. The largest leaching potential are as follows impact source > waste > disposal > soil. Therefore order of pH as acidity level is reversed when compare to its leaching potential value (pH coal Pb > Cr > Mo > Cu > Zn > Li > Co> V > B > Ni > Cd.
Does the oscillation of the water volume of the reservoir influence in the same way in fish diet

Aim : To evaluate the fish feeding and to establish the preferential and secondary items of their diets, in order to determine the trophic guilds and to associate possible trophic structure variations in function of the water volume in Umari reservoir, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazilian semiarid. Methods: The fish were captured quarterly between February and November of 2013, with gill nets with different meshes, being the apparatuses exposed at 5:00 p.m. , with removal at 5:00 p.m. The food items were identified using stereoscopic and optical microscopes and evaluated through the Feeding Index (IAi), being the results of this procedure used in food similarity analysis. The volume of the items was orderly in NMDS and the time differences were tested in PERMANOVA. Results: A total of 734 individuals belonging to 11 species were sampled, being analyzed a total of 258 stomachs and eight intestines. From the IAi values used in the trophic similarity analysis, the species were classified into five trophic guilds: detritivorous, insectivorous, malacophagous, carcinophagous and piscivorous. Conclusion: The oscillation in the water volume of the reservoir had influenced the diet of the insectivorous, malacophagous and carcinophagous guild, and not for the detritivorous category, which demonstrates that the water volume variations of the reservoir do not influence in the same way, the diet of the local ichthyofauna.
Erratum to “Decreased Phosphorylation and Increased Methionine Oxidation of α-Synuclein in the Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A Knockout Mouse”

On page 4 of this published article an error in Figure 2(a) has occurred. Accordingly, Figure 2(a) has been replaced with a corrected version of the figure as shown below. Figure 2 Phosphorylation of α-synuclein in MsrA−/− and wild-type (WT) brain extracts. (a) Tris-soluble and Urea-soluble brain extracts (40 μg protein) of both mouse types were prepared as described in Section 2. These extracts .
Phytoplankton response to fish-induced environmental changes in a temperate shallow pond-type lake

Abstract Since 1967, the temperate, shallow, pond-type Lake Warniak has been subjected to different biomanipulation methods including the introduction of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. , grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.), silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Val.), and bighead carp, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (Richardson) and then their removal in an effort to control macrophytes and phytoplankton. Recently, pilot stocking with predatory fish, particularly pike, Esox lucius L. , has also been conducted. Hence, an examination of the long-term response patterns of phytoplankton to multiple fish-induced stressors was undertaken. In recent years, Chara domination (2000-2004) has helped to stabilize a clear-water state, high/good ecological status, and meso-eutrophic conditions. After the disappearance of Charales in 2004, the rapid, unstable changes in phytoplankton biomass, structure, and biodiversity suggested a shift toward a turbid-water state. As a result, the phytoplankton assemblages changed from those dominated by cryptophytes Y+X2+X1+LO (2000-2004) through those dominated by cyanobacteria K (2005-2008), dinoflagellates LO+Y (2009-2011), and cryptophytes Y+LO+F+X2 (2012), to those dominated by diatoms D+K+P+A (2013-2014) with representative taxa that occur in nutrient-rich and/or nutrient-poor water bodies. The 1967-2014 changes indicated that four periods, two with clear-water state and two with turbid-water state, alternately, one after the other, resulted from different fish pressure. Higher autochthonous fish biomass was usually accompanied by lower phytoplankton biomass. In contrast, the introduction of Cyprinidae fish had a stimulating effect on summer phytoplankton dominated by cyanobateria. Among the nutrients, only phosphorus played an important role.
Genetic diversity analysis in tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) germplasm lines

An experiment was conducted to examine the magnitude of genetic diversity and characters contributing to genetic diversity among 81 tossa jute genotypes. Cluster analysis based on Euclidean squared distances and wardâ€™s method, the genotypes were grouped into ten distinct clusters. Analysis reveals that stick weight contributes maximum to the phenotypic diversity (65.52%) followed by green weight (13.64%) and fibre yield (10.10%). Among the clusters Cluster IX recorded highest mean fibre yield (19.91g) followed by Cluster VII (18.94g) and these clusters also recorded high mean values for plant height, basal diameter, green weight and stick weight. The highest inter- cluster distance was 186.80 (between clusters II and X) followed by 161.26 (between clusters IV and X), indicating the wide genetic diversity among these clusters. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster II (20.34) and the lowest in cluster X (3.17). The average inter-cluster distances were higher than the average intra-cluster distances, which shows the presence of wide genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters than those of the same cluster. The first two principal components, whose Eigen values are greater than one, accounted for 74% of the total variation among the five characters. The information obtained from diversity analysis is useful in planning further breeding programme for tossa jute improvement.