Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cannabidiol: Bridge between Antioxidant Effect, Cellular Protection, and Cognitive and Physical Performance

The literature provides scientific evidence for the beneficial effects of cannabidiol (CBD), and these effects extend beyond epilepsy treatment (e.g., Lennox–Gastaut and Dravet syndromes), notably the influence on oxidative status, neurodegeneration, cellular protection, cognitive function, and physical performance. However, products containing CBD are not allowed to be marketed everywhere in the world, which may ultimately have a negative effect on health as a result of the uncontrolled CBD market. After the isolation of CBD follows the discovery of CB1 and CB2 receptors and the main enzymatic components (diacylglycerol lipase (DAG lipase), monoacyl glycerol lipase (MAGL), fatty acid amino hydrolase (FAAH)). At the same time, the antioxidant potential of CBD is due not only to the molecular structure but also to the fact that this compound increases the expression of the main endogenous antioxidant systems, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), through the nuclear complex erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)/Keep1. Regarding the role in the control of inflammation, this function is exercised by inhibiting (nuclear factor kappa B) NF-κB, and also the genes that encode the expression of molecules with a pro-inflammatory role (cytokines and metalloproteinases). The other effects of CBD on cognitive function and physical performance should not be excluded. In conclusion, the CBD market needs to be regulated more thoroughly, given the previously listed properties, with the mention that the safety profile is a very good one.
Formal Verification of Marzullo's Sensor Fusion Interval

We examine the problem of selecting a best value from a collection of sensor readings, and diagnosing faulty readings in such a collection. We focus on sensor interfaces that return a range of values and describe the “fusion functions” ⋂ f,n(S) of Marzullo and Ff n (S) of Schmid and Schossmaier. We use PVS formally to prove the soundness of ⋂ f,n(S) (i.e., it always contains the correct value), from which soundness of Ff n (S) also follows. Ff n (S) is generally to be preferred to ⋂ f,n(S) because it satisfies a “Lipschitz Condition” (small changes in sensor readings produce small changes in its output), and is optimal among all such functions.
A differential effective medium model for piezoelectret foams

Polymer foams with piezoelectric properties, called piezoelectrets, have recently gained interest in the acoustics and scientific community. These foams are heterogeneous materials consisting of a continuous polymer containing electrically polarized elliptical voids. The macroscopically observable piezoelectric behavior results from the unique combination of the high void-polymer elastic contrast and the void polarization. Existing modeling methods to approximate the macroscopic piezoelectric properties of these foams are elementary one-dimensional noncoupled electrostatic models. In this study, a coupled mean field microelectromechanical model has been developed as a predictive tool of the macroscopically observed piezoelectric material behavior. This technique employs Green’s function solutions of the three-dimensional (3D) stress equilibrium equations and Gauss’ Law. The result is a multiscale differential effective medium model approximating the 3D effective stiffness, dielectric permittivity, and piezoelectric coupling coefficients as a function of the constituent material properties, void shape and orientation, and deposited charge density. The model is employed to study the sensitivity of macroscopic foam behavior to various constituent material and void variables. This approach improves the approximation of the true piezoelectret behavior by capturing the influence of microscopic material structure and properties on macroscopic piezoelectric performance.Polymer foams with piezoelectric properties, called piezoelectrets, have recently gained interest in the acoustics and scientific community. These foams are heterogeneous materials consisting of a continuous polymer containing electrically polarized elliptical voids. The macroscopically observable piezoelectric behavior results from the unique combination of the high void-polymer elastic contrast and the void polarization. Existing modeling methods to approximate the macroscopic piezoelectric properties of these foams are elementary one-dimensional noncoupled electrostatic models. In this study, a coupled mean field microelectromechanical model has been developed as a predictive tool of the macroscopically observed piezoelectric material behavior. This technique employs Green’s function solutions of the three-dimensional (3D) stress equilibrium equations and Gauss’ Law. The result is a multiscale differential effective medium model approximating the 3D effective stiffness, dielectric permittivity, and pie.
Regional climate change scenarios for México

In this paper we present the regional climate change scenarios that were used for the assessment of the potential impacts in Mexico on agriculture, livestock, forestry, hydrological resources as well as on human settlements and biodiversity. Those studies were developed for the Fourth Communication of Mexico for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and coordinated by the Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera. The climate change scenarios were generated combining the models presented in the Fourth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the criteria established by the IPCC’s Task Group on Data and Scenario Support for Impact and Climate Analysis. Specifically, climate change scenarios for Mexico for the time horizons 2030 and 2050 were generated using the outputs from ECHAM5, HADGEM1 and GFDL CM2.0 models. The variables considered were monthly temperature and precipitation and the emissions scenarios A1B, A2, B2 and B1. These scenarios were generated using two spatial resolutions: low (2.5o x 2.5o), and high (5´x 5´). The corresponding databases and maps are available at the webpage: www.atmosfera. unam.mx.
Modelling Influence on Bending Behaviour Simulation of the Poly(Lactic Acid) Structures, 3D Printed

The paper presents the influence of the loading modelling on the simulation process results of the bending behaviour for 3D printed structures. The study is done on structures having different geometries of the cross section, and the type of structure is bar or tube. The materials used for 3D printing are poly(lactic) acid and poly(lactic acid) mixed with glass fibres. The simulation was carried out both based on a simple modelling (schematization) of the bending loading and a complex one. The complex modelling reproduces the bending of 3D printed structures more accurately but is also more time-consuming for the computer-aided design stage. Analysis of the study results shows that in terms of the Von Mises stresses determined by simulation, they are in line with those of the tests but with a slight advantage for the complex modelling compared to the simple one. In terms of deformations, the simulation introduces errors compared to the test results, but the source of the errors is the high elasticity of some 3D printed structures. The study also shows that the high elasticity is due to both the shape of the structure cross section and its arrangement during the bending test.
Magnetic field depression within electron holes

We analyze electron holes that are spikes of the electrostatic field (up to 500 mV/m) observed by Van Allen Probes in the outer radiation belt. The unexpected feature is the magnetic field depression of about several tens of picotesla within many of the spikes. The earlier observations showed amplification or negligible perturbations of the magnetic field within the electron holes. We suggest that the observed magnetic field depression is due to the diamagnetic current of hot and highly anisotropic population of electrons trapped within the electron holes. The required trapped population should have a density up to 65% of the background plasma density, a temperature up to several keV, and a temperature anisotropy T⊥/T∥∼2. We argue that the observed electron holes could be generated due to injections of highly anisotropic plasma sheet electrons into the outer radiation belt. These electron holes may present a source of the seed population due to transport of trapped electrons to higher latitudes and can be potentially used for distant probing of plasma properties in their source region.
Analysis of the Si IV Ultraviolet Spectra of U Sagittae

Archival IUE spectra of U Sge have been used to study hot (~105 K) circumstellar gas in this system. The observed spectra contain several UV resonance lines, of which the Si IV lines (λλ1394 and 1405) are the strongest. These lines are observed in absorption, so we must remove the photospheric absorption line contribution to the spectra in order to see the emission produced by the circumstellar gas. We have developed a robust method for creating such difference spectra from IUE data. In the observed spectra we see a variation in the line profiles and line centers with an orbital phase suggesting the presence of circumstellar gas. The residual emission seen in the difference spectra is strongest between phases ϕ=0.3 and ϕ=0.7, with a strength of up to 0.2 of the continuum flux. This is confirmed by the presence of an emission region visible in the Doppler tomogram of the λ1394 line. This is consistent with the location of an Hα "absorption zone" seen in tomograms of U Sge and U CrB, and with theoretical predictions of a high temperature accretion region.
Screening MT1-MMP Activity and Inhibition in Three-Dimensional Tumor Spheroids

Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has been shown to be crucial for tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis, and thus MT1-MMP is a high priority target for potential cancer therapies. To properly evaluate MT1-MMP inhibitors, a screening protocol is desired by which enzyme activity can be quantified in a tumor microenvironment-like model system. In the present study, we applied a fluorogenic, collagen model triple-helical substrate to quantify MT1-MMP activity for tumor spheroids embedded in a collagen hydrogel. The substrate was designed to be MT1-MMP selective and to possess fluorescent properties compatible with cell-based assays. The proteolysis of the substrate correlated to glioma spheroid invasion. In turn, the application of either small molecule or protein-based MMP inhibitors reduced proteolytic activity and glioma spheroid invasion. The presence of MT1-MMP in glioma spheroids was confirmed by western blotting. Thus, spheroid invasion was dependent on MT1-MMP activity, and inhibitors of MT1-MMP and invasion could be conveniently screened in a high-throughput format. The combination of the fluorogenic, triple-helical substrate, the three-dimensional tumor spheroids embedded in collagen, and Hit-Pick software resulted in an easily adaptable in vivo-like tumor microenvironment for rapidly processing inhibitor potential for anti-cancer use.
Easy-to-Assembly System for Decellularization and Recellularization of Liver Grafts in a Bioreactor

Decellularization of organs creates an acellular scaffold, ideal for being repopulated by cells. In this work, a low-cost perfusion system was created to be used in the process of liver decellularization and as a bioreactor after recellularization. It consists of a glass chamber to house the organ coupled to a peristaltic pump to promote liquid flow through the organ vascular tree. The rats’ liver decellularization was made with a solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The recellularization was made with 108 mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and cultivated for seven days. The decellularized matrices showed an absence of DNA while preserving the collagen and glycosaminoglycans quantities, confirming the efficiency of the process. The functional analyses showed a rise in lactate dehydrogenase levels occurring in the first days of the cultivation, suggesting that there is cell death in this period, which stabilized on the seventh day. Histological analysis showed conservation of the collagen web and some groups of cells next to the vessels. It was possible to establish a system for decellularization and a bioreactor to use for the recellularization method. It is easy to assemble, can be ready to use in little time and be easily sterilized.
Rosette formation by Plasmodium vivax gametocytes favors the infection in Anopheles aquasalis

Plasmodium vivax is a public health problem and the most common type of malaria outside sub-Saharan Africa. The capacity of cytoadhesion, rosetting, and liver latent phase development could impact treatment and disease control. Although the ability to P. vivax gametocyte develop rosetting is known, it is not yet clear which role it plays during the infection and transmission process to the mosquito. Here, we used ex vivo approaches for evaluate the rosetting P. vivax gametocytes capacity and we have investigated the effect of this adhesive phenotype on the infection process in the vector Anopheles aquasalis mosquito. Rosette assays were performed in 107 isolates, and we have observed an elevated frequency of cytoadhesive phenomena (77,6%). The isolates with more than 10% of rosettes have presented a higher infection rate in Anopheles aquasalis (p=0.0252). Moreover, we found a positive correlation between the frequency of parasites in rosetting with the infection rate (p=0.0017) and intensity (p=0.0387) in the mosquito. The disruption of P. vivax rosette formation through mechanical rupture assay confirmed the previously findings, since the paired comparison showed that isolates with disrupted rosettes have a lower infection rate (p<0.0001) and intensity (p=0.0003) compared to the control group (no disruption). Herein we have demonstrated for the first time a potential effect of the rosette phenomenon on the infection process in the mosquito vector An. aquasalis, favoring its capacity and intensity of infection, thus allowing the perpetuation of the parasite cycle life.
TURBULENT HEATING OF A PLASMA

Results of investigations of anomalous absorption of large amplitude electromagnetic waves in a plasma are presented. The energy absorption observed is connected with excitation of small scale instabilities by the electron current. It was previously shown that a large amplitude electromagnetic wave moving across a magnetic field experiences strong attenuation which cannot be explained by collision losses. Some new experiments are described which confirm the role of collective motions in the dissipation of the energy of a wave in a plasma. The electron temperature is determined, the dependence of the absorption on the angle between the magnetic field and the direction of propagation of the wave is elucidated, and the possibility of collisionless ion heating is discussed. Since this type of plasma heating is connected with the development of small scale instabilities, the term turbulent'' heating is proposed to designate this method of heating. (auth)
Reliability of Single Perforator Based Free Anterolateral Thigh Flap Reconstruction among Children with Post Traumatic Limb Defects

Aim: To evaluate reliability of anterolateral thigh flap based on a single perforator in pediatric population for lower limb post traumatic defects. Study design: Retrospective cross sectional study Place and duration of study: Pediatric plastic surgery department of the children hospital & university of child health science, Lahore from January 2018 to January 2022. Methodology: After approval from ethical review board, 50 patients who underwent a free Alt flap reconstruction were included in this retrospective analysis. All flaps for lower limb post traumatic raised on a single perforator were included and reliability of flap was assessed for technical feasibility, outcomes and safety. Data was entered and analysed in SPSS ver: 21.0 and presented as frequency and percentages. Results: Mean age was 8.2±3.45 years 64% were males.96% had undergone road traffic accident (4% burn). Lower limb was affected in majority of patients 80% (upper limb 20%). 78% of patients were discharged at 10th post-operative day and 8% had partial flap loss. Conclusion: We concluded in this studyfree tissue transfer of anterolateral thigh flap based on a single perforator in children for covering large defects is a reliable method with good safety margin and minimal complication rate. Keywords: Anterolateral thigh flap, single perforator, pediatric population, free flap, free tissue transfer, perforator flap reliability
An approximation algorithm for Stackelberg network pricing

We consider the problem of maximizing the revenue raised from tolls set on the arcs of a transportation network, under the constraint that users are assigned to toll‐compatible shortest paths. We first prove that this problem is strongly NP‐hard. We then provide a polynomial time algorithm with a worst‐case precision guarantee of ${{1 \over 2}\log_2 m_T+1}$, where mT denotes the number of toll arcs. Finally, we show that the approximation is tight with respect to a natural relaxation by constructing a family of instances for which the relaxation gap is reached. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 46(1), 57–67 2005
A 1-Week Comprehensive Foam Rolling Intervention Program Can Improve Knee Pain but Not Muscle Function and Range of Motion in Patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty

We investigate the effect of a 1-week comprehensive foam rolling (FR) intervention program on knee pain, range of motion (ROM), and muscle function in patients with TKA.Thirty patients with TKA were randomly allocated to FR (n = 15) or control (n = 15) groups. The control group received only regular physical therapy. Patients in the FR group performed the FR intervention in addition to their regular physical therapy twice daily from postoperative weeks two to three (60 s × 3 repetitions × 2 times/day × 6 days: total = 2160 s). Pain score, knee flexion and extension ROM, muscle strength, walking function, and balance function were measured before and after the FR intervention. From the second to third postoperative weeks, there were significant improvements in all variables, and the reduction in pain score at stretching was significantly greater in the FR group (−26.0 ± 1.4; p < 0.05) than in the control group (−12.5 ± 1.9). However, there was no significant difference in changes in the other variables except for the pain score at stretching between FR and control groups. A 1-week comprehensive FR intervention program in patients with TKA could reduce pain scores at stretching without a synergistic effect on physical function, i.e., walking speed, balance function, and muscle strength of the knee extensors muscles.
Secukinumab for the Treatment of Psoriasis in Pediatrics: Patient Selection and Acceptability

Abstract Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic, systemic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease affecting 1% to 5% population worldwide. In one-third of patients, the first symptoms of PsO manifest in childhood, with a mean age of nine years. Psoriasis in children under 16 years of age constitutes 4% of dermatological problems in this age group. Chronic inflammation of the skin observed in PsO is associated with a development of potentially serious comorbidities, including psoriatic arthritis, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, depression and anxiety. It is reported that among children with psoriasis between 5 and 16 years of age health-related quality of life is reduced by 30.5%. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial in pediatric psoriatic patients to avoid future complications and stigmatization. Treatment for psoriasis consists of a range of topical medications, phototherapy and non-biologic and biologic systemic therapies. Approved biologics for PsO in pediatric patients include etanercept, adalimumab, ustekinumab, ixekizumab and secukinumab. Secukinumab, a recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody targeting IL-17A, was approved by the EMA (2020) and FDA (2021) in pediatric patients above 6 years of age for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis who are candidates for systemic therapy. This review discusses the selection and acceptability of secukinumab in children with psoriasis.
Neuromagnetic signals associated with number comparison task

Summary form only given. The question of the neural organizations of mathematical thinking is a highly debated topic. Lesion and functional imaging studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or positron emission tomography (PET) have identified a number of brain regions involved in arithmetic processes. However, both PET and fMRI remain currently limited by the speed to observe the changes in brain activity. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) can reveal the time course of brain activity with high temporal resolution. As a first step towards understanding the neural organization of number-processing, the present study attempted to specify the brain regions involved in a simple number-processing task, number comparison task, by MEG measurement.
High Pressure Studies of the Raman‐Active Phonons in Carbon Nanotubes

We report high pressure Raman studies on as-prepared, purified, and solubilized single-walled and aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The pressure dependence of radial (R) and tangential (T) vibrational bands in these samples is measured and compared with the results from other studies. In single-walled nanotubes, an abrupt drop in the intensity of these bands is seen near 2 GPa, indicative of a phase transition. Experiments on single (unbundled) tubes reveal a ≈10 cm—1 upshift of the R band relative to its frequency in bundled tubes. This is opposite to the predictions of calculations that include the intertube van der Waals interaction only and is explained by the changes in the electronic band dispersion driven by tube–tube interactions. Surprisingly, the pressure dependence of the R and T bands in unbundled tubes is very similar to that seen in bundled tubes, which indicates that the changes in the electronic band structure might significantly influence the pressure dependence.
A heuristic UTD slope diffraction coefficient for rough lossy wedges

Heuristic wedge diffraction coefficients for computing propagation path loss over finitely conducting earth are extended to include slope diffraction, with the assumption that propagation of energy through the wedge is negligible. The slope diffraction terms for the lossy wedge are obtained in an analogous manner as for the perfectly conducting case, except that special care must be taken with the factor multiplying the incident field for grazing incidence. Results given show that the slope diffraction term produces continuous results that behave reasonably when compared with results for perfectly conducting wedges. >