Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Multipurpose Radar Simulation Package: QuickBeam

The launch of the CloudSat cloud radar has provided some of the first near-global views of the threedimensional structure of clouds from space. To evaluate clouds in numerical models and compare them to the observations made by CloudSat, it is useful to have a tool that converts modeled clouds to radar returns that might be viewed by a radar system on a satellite passing over the model domain. QuickBeam is a user-friendly radar simulation package that performs this function and is freely available to the meteorological community. The workings of the simulator are briefly described and several applications of the simulator to numerical models are demonstrated.
Analisis Penggunaan Aplikasi Google Classroom Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Dalam Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang semakin pesat di era globalisasi saat ini tidak bisa dihindari lagi pengaruhnya terhadap dunia pendidikan. Salah satu model pembelajaran baru dalam dunia pendidikan yaitu model pembelajaran daring yang dilaksanakan melalui waktu yang tidak nyata (asynchronous learning) dengan google classroom. Pada pelaksanaan penggunaan teknologi dan aplikasi dalam pembelajaran mengalami banyak permasalahan diantaranya, banyak guru dan peserta didik belum sepenuhnya menguasai teknologi, kurangnya waktu bagi pendidik untuk menjelaskan materi sampai paham kepada peserta didik. , banyak pemberian tugas namun sedikit penjelasan materi, penggunaan aplikasi Google classroom masih jarang diterapkan di sekolah, padahal pengoperasiannya tergolong mudah, guru mengalami kesulitan dalam hal penilaian tugas peserta didik. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis pembelajaran daring dengan penggunaan aplikasi belajar online Google Classroom sebagai media pembelajaran. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Dalam mengumpulkan data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan wawancara kepada guru dan 10 siswa kelas 5 SDN Karangrena 01. Kesimpulan hasil dari penelitian ini adalah melalui penggunaan Google Classroom, kelas menjadi lebih aktif, literasi digital siswa meningkat, kemampuan penguasaan teknologi siswa dan guru juga mengalami peningkatan walaupun memang di awal terdapat beberapa kendala dalam pelaksanaannya.
Optoelectronic-VLSI: photonics integrated with VLSI circuits

Optoelectronic-VLSI (OE-VLSI) technology represents the intimate integration of photonic devices with silicon VLSI electronics. We review the motivations and status of emerging OE-VLSI technologies and examine the performance of OE-VLSI technology versus conventional wire-bonded OE packaging. The results suggest that OE-VLSI integration offers substantial power and speed improvements even when relatively small numbers of photonic devices are driven with commodity complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor logic technologies.
The manipulation of the streamwise vortex instability in a natural convection boundary layer along a heated inclined flat plate

Flow instabilities leading to the formation of streamwise vortices in a natural convection boundary layer over a heated inclined plate submerged in a water tank are manipulated using spanwise arrays of surface-mounted heating elements. The flow over the plate is driven by a two-ply surface heater comprised of a uniform, constant- heat flux heater and a mosaic of 32 × 12 individually controlled heating elements that are used as control actuators. Surface temperature distributions are measured using liquid crystal thermography and the fluid velocity in cross-stream planes is measured using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Time-invariant spanwise-periodic excitation over a range of spanwise wavelengths leads to the formation of arrays of counter-rotating streamwise vortex pairs and to substantial modification of the surface temperature and heat transfer. The increase in surface heat transfer is accompanied by increased entrainment of ambient fluid and, as a consequence, higher streamwise flowrate. Subsequent spanwise-periodic merging of groups of vortices farther downstream retards the streamwise increase of the surface heat transfer rate. Finally, the suppression of small-amplitude spanwise disturbances by linear cancellation is demonstrated.
Topological sensitivity analysis in fluorescence optical tomography

Fluorescence tomography is a non-invasive imaging modality that reconstructs fluorophore distributions inside a small animal from boundary measurements of the fluorescence light. The associated inverse problem is stabilized by a priori properties or information. In this paper, cases are considered where the fluorescent inclusions are well separated from the background and have a spatially constant concentration. Under these a priori assumptions, the identification process may be formulated as a shape optimization problem, where the interface between the fluorescent inclusion and the background constitutes the unknown shape. In this paper, we focus on the computation of the so-called topological derivative for fluorescence tomography which could be used as a stand-alone tool for the reconstruction of the fluorophore distributions or as the initialization in a level-set-based method for determining the shape of the inclusions.
Oral Bioactive Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems of Remdesivir and Baricitinib: A Paradigmatic Case of Drug Repositioning for Cancer Management

Oral anticancer therapy mostly faces the challenges of low aqueous solubility, poor and irregular absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, food-influenced absorption, high first-pass metabolism, non-targeted delivery, and severe systemic and local adverse effects. Interest has been growing in bioactive self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (bio-SNEDDSs) using lipid-based excipients within nanomedicine. This study aimed to develop novel bio-SNEDDS to deliver antiviral remdesivir and baricitinib for the treatment of breast and lung cancers. Pure natural oils used in bio-SNEDDS were analyzed using GC-MS to examine bioactive constituents. The initial evaluation of bio-SNEDDSs were performed based on self-emulsification assessment, particle size analysis, zeta potential, viscosity measurement, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The single and combined anticancer effects of remdesivir and baricitinib in different bio-SNEDDS formulations were investigated in MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) and A549 (lung cancer) cell lines. The results from the GC-MS analysis of bioactive oils BSO and FSO showed pharmacologically active constituents, such as thymoquinone, isoborneol, paeonol and p-cymenene, and squalene, respectively. The representative F5 bio-SNEDDSs showed relatively uniform, nanosized (247 nm) droplet along with acceptable zeta potential values (+29 mV). The viscosity of the F5 bio-SNEDDS was recorded within 0.69 Cp. The TEM suggested uniform spherical droplets upon aqueous dispersions. Drug-free, remdesivir and baricitinib-loaded bio-SNEDDSs (combined) showed superior anticancer effects with IC50 value that ranged from 1.9–4.2 µg/mL (for breast cancer), 2.4–5.8 µg/mL (for lung cancer), and 3.05–5.44 µg/mL (human fibroblasts cell line). In conclusion, the representative F5 bio-SNEDDS could be a promising candidate for improving the anticancer effect of remdesivir and baricitinib along with their existing antiviral performance in combined dosage form.
Interpreting Low-Frequency Modes of Southern Hemisphere Atmospheric Variability as the Rotational Response to Divergent Forcing

Abstract The principal modes of Southern Hemisphere low-frequency variability have recently been calculated using a 39-yr record of 300-hPa streamfunction fields from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis dataset. The authors attempt to interpret these modes as the rotational response to some divergent forcing. For a range of mean states the linearized barotropic vorticity equation (BVE) is used to solve for the divergent wind that would generate (or at least be consistent with) the observed vorticity modes. Several of these low-frequency modes can be generated by forcing the BVE with fairly simple divergent wind fields that could easily be interpreted as resulting from anomalous tropical convection. In particular this is found to be true for streamfunction anomalies with El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), high-latitude mode, South Pacific wave, and Madden–Julian oscillation structure. The authors speculate that it may be possible to relate these calculated divergent wind fields to recently observed OLR fields and h.
MRI Volumetric Analysis of the Hypothalamus and Limbic System across the Pediatric Age Span

Purpose: Literature is scarce regarding volumetric measures of limbic system components across the pediatric age range. The purpose of this study is to remedy this scarcity by reporting continuous volumetric measurements of limbic system components, and to provide consistent stratification data including age-related trajectories and sex-related differences in the pediatric age range in order to improve the recognition of structural variations that might reflect pathology. Methods: In this retrospective study, MRI sequences of children with normal clinical MRI examinations of the brain acquired between January 2010 and December 2019 were included. Isotropic 3D T1-weighted were processed using FreeSurfer version 7.3. Total brain volume and volumes of the limbic system including the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, anteroventral thalamic nucleus, and whole thalamus were assessed. Parcellated output was displayed with the respective label map overlay and images were visually inspected for accuracy of regional segmentation results. Continuous data are provided as mean and standard deviation with quadratic trendlines and as mean and 95% confidence intervals. Categorical data are presented as integers and percentages (%). Results: A total of 724 children (401 female, 55.4%), with a mean age at time of MRI of 10.9 ± 4.2 years (range: 1.9–18.2 years), were included in the study. For females, the total brain volume increased from 955 ± 70 mL at the age of 2–3 years to 1140 ± 110 mL at the age of 17–18 years. Similarly, the total brain volume increased for males from 1004 ± 83 mL to 1263 ± 96 mL. The maximum volume was noted at 11–12 years for females (1188 ± 90 mL) and at 14–15 years for males (1310 ± 159 mL). Limbic system structures reached their peak volume more commonly between the 13–14 years to 17–18 years age groups. The male cingulate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, and anteroventral thalamic nucleus reached peak volume before or at 9–10 years. Conclusion: This study provides unique age- and sex-specific volumes of the components of the limbic system throughout the pediatric age range to serve as normal values in comparative studies. Quantification of volumetric abnormalities of the limbic system on brain MRI may offer insights into phenotypical variations of diseases and may help elucidate new pathological phenotypes.
Ultraviolet and Optical Observations of Hen 1213, Hen 1341, and Hen 1761

We present UV observations of the symbiotic stars Hen 1213, Hen 1341, and Hen 1761, made almost simultaneously with optical observations during 1995; previous optical observations were made during 1987 and 1991. The UV spectrum of Hen 1213 was badly affected by background radiation, and only a rough description of the spectrum could be given here; for this reason, only the observations of Hen 1341 and Hen 1761 are discussed. They have the typical spectra of symbiotic stars, with a late giant component, with many emission lines superimposed. It is found that for both objects the reddening determined from He II λ1640/He II λ4686 is smaller than that obtained from the Balmer decrement, including optical depth effects. Hen 1341 does not show important variations for the three observing periods. Hen 1761 shows P Cygni profiles for He II λ4686 and He I λ4471, with expansion velocities of the order of 900 and 600 km s-1, respectively. The 1991 observations give the lower temperature of the hot component with the larger size of the nebula and the lowest He contents. Rough estimates indicate that the hot component of Hen 1761 is smaller and less luminous than that of Hen 1341.
High‐order time integrators for front‐tracking finite‐element analysis of viscous free‐surface flows

This paper proposes implicit Runge–Kutta (IRK) time integrators to improve the accuracy of a front‐tracking finite‐element method for viscous free‐surface flow predictions. In the front‐tracking approach, the modeling equations must be solved on a moving domain, which is usually performed using an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) frame of reference. One of the main difficulties associated with the ALE formulation is related to the accuracy of the time integration procedure. Indeed, most formulations reported in the literature are limited to second‐order accurate time integrators at best. In this paper, we present a finite‐element ALE formulation in which a consistent evaluation of the mesh velocity and its divergence guarantees satisfaction of the discrete geometrical conservation law. More importantly, it also ensures that the high‐order fixed mesh temporal accuracy of time integrators is preserved on deforming grids. It is combined with the use of a family of L‐stable IRK time integrators for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations to yield high‐order time‐accurate free‐surface simulations. This is demonstrated in the paper using the method of manufactured solution in space and time as recommended in Verification and Validation. In particular, we report up to fifth‐order accuracy in time. The proposed free‐surface front‐tracking approach is then validated against cases of practical interest such as sloshing in a tank, solitary waves propagation, and coupled interaction between a wave and a submerged cylinder. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Combined Impact of Hand-Arm Vibration and Noise Exposure on Hearing Sensitivity of Agricultural/Forestry Workers—A Systematic Literature Review

Hand-arm vibration (HAV), which potentially causes vibration white finger (VWF), and occupational noise are serious issues in the agricultural and forestry industries. Generally, agricultural workers operate as single-family/small businesses and thus are exempted from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations/laws for noise and HAV otherwise applicable to other industries in general. The agricultural/forestry sectors are at increased risk as working hours are longer than a typical 8-h work shift putting them at greater risk of hearing loss. The study was conducted to assess the possible association between hearing sensitivity on combined exposure to noise and hand-arm vibration. A systematic literature review was conducted on exposure to noise and HAV in the agricultural/forestry sector and the resulting impacts on hearing. The peer-reviewed articles in English were searched with 14 search words in three databases of PubMed, Ergo Abstracts, and Web of Science without any filter for the year for fully available article text. The database literature search resulted in 72 articles. Forty-seven (47) articles met the search criteria based on the title. Abstracts were then reviewed for any relationship between hearing loss and hand-arm vibration/Raynaud’s phenomenon/VWF. This left 18 articles. It was found that most agricultural workers and chainsaw workers are exposed to noise and VWF. Hearing is impacted by both noise and aging. The workers exposed to HAV and noise had greater hearing loss than non-exposed workers, possibly due to the additive effect on temporary threshold shift (TTS). It was found that VWF might be associated with vasospasm in the cochlea through autonomous vascular reflexes, digital arteries narrowing, vasoconstriction in the inner ear by noise, ischemic damage to the hair cells and increased oxygen demand, which significantly affects the correlation between VWF and hearing loss.
End-to-end optimization of chemical-electric orbit-raising missions

A simple analytic multistage model is presented for combined chemical-electric orbit-raising missions. Expressions for transportation rates and optimum electric specific impulse are derived for two-stage, three-stage, variable-efficiency, and tank-limited missions of up to 100 days duration. The optimum electric specific impulse is shown to depend strongly on the specific impulse of the chemical thruster. A low-thrust-trajectory optimization model is combined with launch-vehicle performance data to derive end-to-end optimized three-dimensional chemical-electric orbit-raising profiles to geostationary orbit. Optimized profiles are derived for the Sea Launch, Ariane 4, Atlas V, Delta IV, and Proton launch vehicles. Optimum electric orbit-raising starting orbits and payload mass benefits are calculated for each vehicle. The mass benefit is shown to be between 6.1 and 7.6 kg/day with two SPT-140 thrusters, or up to 680 kg for 90 days of electric orbit raising. The optimized profiles are combined with the analytic model to a create simple parametric performance model describing multiple launch vehicles. The model is a good tool for system level analysis of electric orbit-raising missions and is shown to match calculated performance to within 13%.
Analysis of sound absorption of tuck spacer fabrics to reduce automotive noise

Textiles are widely used in the automotive industry to provide both comfort to the passengers and an aesthetic appearance to the automotive interior. They can also be used to reduce automotive interior noise, which can make automotive travel safer and more comfortable. Knitted fabrics are used widely in automotive upholstery; however, the sound absorbency of a single layer of a knitted fabric is inadequate for the reduction of automotive interior noise. This paper investigates the sound absorbency of a novel knitted spacer fabric, which can be used in automotive upholstery and has the potential for greater sound absorbency than a conventional plain knitted fabric and its derivatives. The spacer fabric is modelled as a porous sound absorber and its sound absorbency is studied with regard to its structural parameters.
Phloroglucinol Inhibits Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cytotoxicity in C2C12 Murine Myoblasts through Nrf-2-Mediated Activation of HO-1

Phloroglucinol is a class of polyphenolic compounds containing aromatic phenyl rings and is known to have various pharmacological activities. Recently, we reported that this compound isolated from Ecklonia cava, a brown alga belonging to the family Laminariaceae, has potent antioxidant activity in human dermal keratinocytes. In this study, we evaluated whether phloroglucinol could protect against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in murine-derived C2C12 myoblasts. Our results revealed that phloroglucinol suppressed H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage while blocking the production of reactive oxygen species. We also found that phloroglucinol protected cells from the induction of apoptosis associated with mitochondrial impairment caused by H2O2 treatment. Furthermore, phloroglucinol enhanced the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) as well as the expression and activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). However, such anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective effects of phloroglucinol were greatly abolished by the HO-1 inhibitor, suggesting that phloroglucinol could increase the Nrf2-mediated activity of HO-1 to protect C2C12 myoblasts from oxidative stress. Taken together, our results indicate that phloroglucinol has a strong antioxidant activity as an Nrf2 activator and may have therapeutic benefits for oxidative-stress-mediated muscle disease.
Coupling of Surface Skimming Bulk Waves with a Multistrip Coupler

The observations of Yen, Lau and Kagiwada suggest that surface skiming bulk waves (SSBW) are strongly coupled by multistrip couplers (MSC) on lithium tantalate. We report results of a detailed investigation of MSC performance as a function of frequency and number of coupling strips. results, while supporting strong coupling, show that 100% power transfer is not achieved. This is attributed to unequal strength of symmetric and antisymmetric modes as measured at the output transducers. Our
Depression representations on the most popular Russian-language YouTube channels

This article analyzes the mental health discourse on the most popular Russian-language channels on YouTube. The main research focus is depression representations. In total 345 videos were examined, issued since 2015 and till 2021. Using theoretical thematic analysis, the content creator types are identified, and these types are compared in terms of their portrayals of depression. The findings demonstrate that the most popular Russian-language content was made by (1) specialists on mental health, (2) influencers and celebrities, (3) documentalists, and (4) experientialists. The channels of popular science, those with TV recordings, religious, esoteric, and artistic channels were found to be watched less, despite also featuring mental health. The results regarding depression representations showed that most content creators describe depression as an illness. Additionally, the depression portrayals from the contemporary, popular Russian-language YouTube channels generally correspond with contemporary medical perspectives on depression, and the authors discussed depression using words and collocations from the medical discourse. Therefore, it could be assumed that the Russian-language representations of depression on this platform are based on the medical explanatory model of depression and are highly medicalized. The paper contributes to studies of mental health discourse reception across cultures and media, as well as the literature on depression representations.
Investigation of Stress Intensity Factors for an Interface Crack in Multi-Interface Materials Using an Interaction Integral Method

A new interaction integral formulation is derived for obtaining mixed-mode stress intensity factors (SIFs) of an interface crack with the tip close to complicated material interfaces. The method is a conservation integral that relies on two admissible mechanical states (actual and auxiliary fields). By a suitable selection of the auxiliary fields, the domain formulation does not contain any integral related to the material interfaces, which makes it quite convenient to deal with complicated interface problems. The numerical implementation of the derived expression is combined with the extended finite element method (XFEM). According to the numerical calculations, the interaction integral shows good accuracy for straight and curved interface crack problems and exhibits domain-independence for material interfaces. Finally, an interfacial fracture problem is investigated for the representative centrosymmetric structure formed by two constituent materials.
Exact analysis of the bending of wide beams by a modified elastica approach

Classical beam models do not account for partial restraint of anticlastic bending and are therefore inherently inaccurate. This article proposes a modification of the exact Bernoulli–Euler equation which allows for an exact prediction of the beam's deflection without the need of two-dimensional finite element calculations. This approach offers a substantial reduction in the computational effort, especially when coupled with a fast-solving schema like the circle-arc method. Besides the description of the new method and its validation, this article offers an insight into the somewhat disregarded topic of anticlastic bending by a short review of the published theories and a selection of representative numerical results.