Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Life satisfaction trajectories during adolescence and the transition to young adulthood: Findings from a longitudinal study of Mexican-origin youth.

Despite the importance of life satisfaction for health and well-being, there is a paucity of longitudinal studies tracking changes in life satisfaction in ethnic minority youth. In a sample of 674 Mexican-origin youth, the present research examined life satisfaction trajectories from middle (age 14) to late adolescence (age 17) and from late adolescence to young adulthood (age 21). On average, life satisfaction did not change significantly from age 14 to 17, and then decreased from age 17 to 21 (d = .30), perhaps reflecting difficulties transitioning into adult roles. Drawing on ecological systems theory, we examined both proximal (i.e., family) and distal (i.e., social-contextual) environmental factors (measured via self- and parent-reports) that may account for between-person variation in life satisfaction trajectories. Youth with more positive family environments in middle adolescence (age 14) had higher mean life satisfaction from middle adolescence to young adulthood (age 21). In contrast, youth with more negative family environments and who experienced greater economic hardship and more ethnic discrimination in middle adolescence (age 14) had lower life satisfaction during this period. Many of these factors also predicted change in life satisfaction from middle (age 14) to late adolescence (age 17), but not from late adolescence to young adulthood (age 21). This research extends the current understanding of life satisfaction during a critical developmental period in an understudied population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
The Use of Auricular Biometrics to Identify Age and Sex in Egyptian Population Sample

Determination of age and sex represents a challenging task to the forensic anthropologist and this explored the field of biometrics. Recognition using ear biometrics is promising and has received broad attention. In spite of this, no previous studies addressed this topic to identify Egyptian population traits. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of some auricular dimensions in identifying age and sex of Egyptian population sample. This study was undertaken on 426 selected healthy male and female Egyptians, aged 4–82 years. For each subject, both right and left auricular length, width, and position were measured by electronic digital caliper. The enrolled subjects were divided into six non-overlapping age groups. Statistical significant differences were found in the mean length, width, and position of both right and left auricles among the different studied age groups and between both sexes. Additionally, regression analysis revealed the following equation (for age estimation; Age (years) = - 91.884 + (19.921 x right auricular length). Moreover,all the studied measurements were significantly valid (area under the ROC curve greater than 0.6) in discriminating males from females but, the Lt auricular width showed the best accuracy (72.4 %). Finally, it could be concluded that auricular length, width, and position could be useful tools for age and sex estimation of Egyptian population.
No association of COVID-19 transmission with temperature or UV radiation in Chinese cities

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, which was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has caused 80 904 confirmed cases as of 9 March 2020, with 28 673 cases being reported outside of China. It has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), has exhibited human-to-human transmissibility and has spread rapidly across countries [1]. Although the Chinese government has taken various measures to control city-to-city transmission (e.g. shutting down cities, extending holidays) and many other countries have implemented measures (such as airport screening and testing patients who have reported symptoms), the number of cases is still increasing quickly throughout the world. There is no association of COVID-19 transmission with temperature or UV radiation in Chinese cities https://bit.ly/2UWOl7I
Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and In Vitro Toxicity towards Cancer Cells of Novel Types of Arsonoliposomes

Arsonoliposomes (ARSL) are liposomes that incorporate arsonolipids (ARS) in their membranes. They have demonstrated significant toxicity towards cancer cells, while being less toxic towards normal cells. In this study, we sought to investigate the possibility to prepare novel types of arsonoliposomes (ARSL) by incorporating a lipidic derivative of curcumin (TREG) in their membrane, and/or by loading the vesicles with doxorubicin (DOX). The final aim of our studies is to develop novel types of ARSL with improved pharmacokinetics/targeting potential and anticancer activity. TREG was incorporated in ARSL and their integrity during incubation in buffer and serum proteins was studied by monitoring calcein latency. After evaluation of TREG-ARSL stability, the potential to load DOX into ARSL and TREG-ARSL, using the active loading protocol, was studied. Loading was performed at two temperatures (40 °C and 60 °C) and different time periods of co-incubation (of empty vesicles with DOX). Calculation of DOX entrapment efficiency (%) was based on initial and final drug/lipid ratios. The cytotoxic activity of DOX-ARSL was tested towards B16F10 cells (mouse melanoma cells), LLC (Lewis Lung carcinoma cells), and HEK-293 (Human embryonic kidney cells). Results show that TREG-ARSL have slightly larger size but similar surface charge with ARSL and that they are both highly stable during storage at 4 °C for 56 d. Interestingly, the inclusion of TREG in ARSL conferred increased stability to the vesicles towards disruptive effects of serum proteins. The active-loading protocol succeeded to encapsulate high amounts of DOX into ARSL as well as TREG-LIP and TREG-ARSL, while the release profile of DOX from the novel liposome types was similar to that demonstrated by DOX-LIP. The cytotoxicity study results are particularly encouraging, since DOX-ARSL were less toxic towards the (normal) HEK cells compared to the two cancer cell-types. Furthermore, DOX-ARSL demonstrated lower toxicities (at all concentrations tested) for HEK cells, compared to that of the corresponding mixtures of free DOX and empty ARSL, while the opposite was true for the cancer cells (in most cases). The current results justify further in vivo exploitation of DOX-ARSL, as well as TREGARSL as anticancer therapeutic systems.
Three-year post-intervention follow-up comparison of healthcare resource utilization and costs in the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study.

BACKGROUND The Lifesteyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study physical activity (PA) intervention was found to be cost-effective compared to health education (HE). However, long-term effects post-intervention are unknown. METHOD This was a secondary analysis of LIFE Study data linked to Medicare claims data (2014-2016). Participants were linked via Social Security Numbers to Medicare claims data. Utilization and cost variables were analyzed using generalized linear models with negative binomial and Tweedie distributions. Unadjusted means and 95% confidence intervals were compared by year and overall stratified. Each model compared PA vs. HE and adjusted for other baseline characteristics and stratified by study site. Additional models were stratified by baseline physical functioning assessment scores. RESULTS Of the 1,635 LIFE Study participants, 804 (53.5%) were linked to Medicare claims with an average of 33 months of follow-up time during the 3-year data linkage period. Mean outpatient (6.6 vs. 6.8), inpatient (0.40 vs. 0.40), and other utilization metrics were similar between PA and HE groups. Costs were also similar for each group and each type of service, e.g. outpatient: $2070 vs. $2093 and inpatient: $4704 vs. $4792. Regression results indicated no statistically significant differences between PA and HE groups. CONCLUSIONS While the LIFE Study demonstrated that PA reduced mobility disability in older adults and was cost-effective, it did not appear to impact long-term health care utilization costs post-trial. These findings suggest that it remains challenging to impact long-term health care costs using physical activity interventions effects.
Critical Care Admission of an HIV Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis Secondary to Pembrolizumab

Background Pembrolizumab is a checkpoint inhibitor that targets the programmed cell death-1 receptor (PD-1) and has shown to be effective against several malignancies, including lung cancer. However, life-threatening immune-related adverse events can result from these immunotherapy treatments. Case presentation. A 62-year-old man with HIV, metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung, and no previous history of diabetes presented to the emergency department with new-onset nausea, vomiting, and generalized weakness. Glucose was 1191 mg/dl, hemoglobin A1c 11%, and potassium 6.9 mEq/L. He had metabolic acidosis with a lactate of 6.6 mmol/L and anion gap of 38 mEq/L, and ketones were detected on the urinalysis. Severe diabetic ketoacidosis was diagnosed, and the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit. Additional investigations showed low C-peptide and negative anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, anti-insulin antibody, and anti-islet-antigen 2Ab antibody. After ruling out other possible etiologies, pembrolizumab was considered to be the cause of the diabetes and ketoacidosis. Conclusions Life-threatening adverse drug events associated with checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab are on the rise. We recommend to closely follow and monitor patients receiving these immunotherapies. This strategy could lead to early detection and prevention, as well as reduction of more serious life-threatening complications requiring intensive care.
A study on role of chest X-rays in children above 5 years admitted with asthma exacerbation

Context: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation that causes airway hyperresponsiveness. The diagnosis of asthma is mainly clinical, and chest X-rays are not required for the diagnosis or grading of severity of disease. Aim: The aim of this study is to look at the frequency of abnormalities and the pattern of abnormalities in chest X-rays done in children above 5 years admitted with acute asthma and to analyze if chest X-ray reports altered the ongoing treatment plan. Settings and Design: It was a retrospective study done in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Data were collected from case records of children above 5 years admitted with acute asthma between November 2014 and October 2017. Statistical Analysis: The statistical analysis was done using Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. Results: A total of 114 children were included in the study, and 84 (74%) had chest X-rays performed of which 88% were normal. Nineteen (22.6%) complied with standard guidelines, and the reason for performing chest X-rays in these children was the presence of focal clinical chest signs. When there were focal clinical findings, the possibility that chest X-ray would be abnormal was 47.37%. When there were no focal clinical findings, the possibility that chest X-ray would be normal was 98.46%. The sensitivity of chest X-rays with clinical correlation was 90% and specificity was 86.48%. Hence, routine chest X-rays in the standard treatment of acute asthma are not necessary, especially when there are no focal clinical findings. Conclusion: Chest X-ray is not required in the management of acute asthma in children above 5 years responding to standard treatment. Chest X-rays should be ordered in the management of acute asthma only when indicated, thereby reducing unnecessary exposure to radiation.
CONSTRUCTION OF A GROWTH CURVE FOR MAMMARY FIBROADENOMA IN THE FEMALE RAT

An empirical growth curve for mammary fibroadenomata of the female Sprague-Dawley rat has been constructed. Fibroadenomata used to construct the growth curve included 2 5 spontaneous tumors arising in normal controls and 65 radiation-induced tumors. Growth data were obtained both by measurement of external dimensions and from autopsy tumor weight. Tumor growth from 0,42 to 200 g could be represented by three (and possibly four) positive exponentials, each defined over certain limits. The growth pattern of fibroadenomata was highly variable, reflecting the degree of morphological variation both among individual fi broadenomata and within each individual tumor. Growth rates varied so widely that it was not pas sible to distinguish differences, if such exist, between (a) the growth rate of carcinomata and the 11 average" fibroadenoma; (b) the growth of secretory and nonsecretory fibroadenomata; or (c) the growth of spontaneous tumors arising in old rats and radiation-induced tumors in young rats. Neither was it possible to estimate the general growth behavior of a fibroadenoma from scoring tests on a single histological section. Suitability of other mathematical descriptions of tumor growth, particularly the Gompertzian function, to the growth of mammary fibroadenomata is discus sed. ':~Work performed under auspices of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. t Summerlin Memorial Pathology Laboratory, San Diego, California.
Impact of a Palliative Care Education Module in Patients With Heart Failure

Background: Heart failure (HF) impacts 6.2 million American adults. With no cure, therapies aim to prevent progression and manage symptoms. Inclusion of palliative care (PC) helps improve symptoms and quality of life. Heart failure guidelines recommend the inclusion of PC in HF therapy, but referrals are often delayed. Objective: Introduce PC to patients with HF and examine the impact on PC consults, readmission, mortality, and intensive care unit (ICU) transfers. Methods: Patients (n = 60) admitted with HF to an academic hospital were asked to view a PC educational module. A number of PC consults, re-admissions, mortality, and transfers to the ICU were compared among participants and those who declined. Results: Nine patients in the intervention group (n = 30) requested a PC consult (P = .042) versus 2 in the usual care group (n = 30; P = .302). There was no statistically significant difference in readmissions, mortality, or ICU transfers between groups. Conclusions: Palliative care education increases the likelihood of PC utilization but in this short-term project was not found to statistically impact mortality, re-admissions, or transfers to higher levels of care.
A Retrospective Study of Autopsy Cases Carried out in Qena, Luxor and Aswan governorates, Upper Egypt during the Period of 2008 – 2011

Background: Medico-legal autopsies are done on request by the police for investigating sudden, suspicious and unnatural deaths. It is done to establish a cause and manner of death. Manner of death could be classified according to the circumstances of death to; unnatural manners e.g. (homicidal, accidental, suicidal), naturally or unidentified.Objective: To identify the epidemiological profile and characteristics of death in medico-legal autopsies in Qena, Luxor and Aswan governorates. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive statistical analysis of the medico-legal autopsies conducted at Qena, Luxor and Aswan governorates, during the period from 2008 to 2011. Results: Total number of medico-legal autopsies performed during the study period was 511 cases. Homicidal cases were 57.34%, accidental cases were 16.83%, 12.72% were suicidal, 4.89% were natural deaths, and manner of death was not identified in 8.22% of autopsies. Most of the homicidal victims were males representing 79.9% of homicidal deaths, 73.3% of accidental deaths and 47.7% of suicidal deaths. Age groups of 21-30 year and 31- 40 years accounted for 26.62% and 21.72% of the deaths respectively. Firearm, blunt and stab injuries were the main recorded injuries representing 34.44%, 13.31%, and 12.72% respectively. The Chest was the target of firearm and stab wounds while the head was the target of blunt trauma. Asphyxial deaths represented 8.61 % of all deaths. drowning represented 34.1% of asphyxial deaths. Poisoning was the cause of death in 12.13% of autopsies and 80.65% of poisoning deaths were caused by hair dye. Conclusion: High incidence of homicidal firearm mortality in these districts. High incidence of homicidal death was recorded in males and it was mainly due to firearm, stab and blunt trauma while suicide showed a higher incidence in females ,especially using hair dyes. Males committed suicide by more violent methods; hanging, ligature strangulation and firearms.
Impact of Body Image Perception on Weight Status: A Refuelling of Non-communicable Disease in Urban South African Zulu Women: Not Just Calipers, Tapes and Scales

The purpose of this study was to determine Zulu women ’ s perceptions of their body image relative to weight status attending a noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) clinic in South Africa. A cross-sectional exploratory study design was used and included 328 (91%) Zulu women who were sampled systematically. The women were subjected to anthropo- metric measurements and engaged the Stunkard ’ s body image figures to determine perception. The study showed that 61% of the sample was in the 40 – 59 age strata. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 37 kg/m 2 ( (cid:1) 9.41 kg/m 2 ) with over 90% being overweight or obese. A discrepancy between Zulu women ’ s perceived body image and actual (BMI) existed in all weight status categories with overweight and obesity demonstrating the widest variations (p < 0.000). Women perceived themselves to be thinner than their actual BMI. More than 99% associated an underweight body image to one with disease. Diabetes mellitus (72%) was the most frequent NCD encountered. Only 23% with this condition correctly perceived their body image. It was shown that the negative impact of preferring a larger body image in Zulu women with preexisting NCD ’ s could be refueling their existing comorbidities.
Beyond Early Adversity: The Role of Parenting in Infant Physical Health.

OBJECTIVE Although ample evidence indicates that child health is compromised by early adversity (e.g., abuse and poverty), less is known about the contribution of parenting in low-stress contexts to child health, especially in infancy. This longitudinal study extends previous research on early adversity to ask the question: Does quality of parental care predict infant health in a low-risk community sample? METHOD Participants were 187 healthy mothers and their full-term infants (86 girls) from the Netherlands, followed from birth to age 1. Home observations of mothers' behavior were conducted during a naturalistic task (bathing session) when infants were 5 weeks old. Trained researchers interviewed mothers about the infants' health and prescribed antibiotic use every month for 12 months. Infant health problems were categorized into 4 domains according to the International Classification of Primary Care to capture a range of outcomes: respiratory, digestive, skin, and general illnesses and symptoms. RESULTS Controlling for health-related covariates (e.g., maternal smoking and breastfeeding), maternal sensitivity predicted reduced rates of infant respiratory symptoms and skin conditions and marginally lower prescribed antibiotic use over the first year. Maternal behavior was unrelated to infant digestive and general illnesses. CONCLUSION Even in the absence of adversity, quality of maternal care may have implications for the development of physical health, beginning as early as the first year of life. That such findings emerge in a low-risk sample helps rule out potential confounders and underscores the importance of parenting for physical and psychological health outcomes.
OXIDATIVE STRESS CORRELATES WITH CLINICAL MEASUREMENTS OF SARCOPENIA IN COPD

Introduction: There is evidence that Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a systemic disease that increases reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), causing oxidative stress (OS). ROS/RNS induce damage in a cellular structure such as muscle fibers, producing muscle weakness and sarcopenia, impairing functionality and quality of life. Objective: To analyze and compare oxidative stress biomarkers between apparently healthy individuals and subjects with COPD, establishing associations with clinical measurements of sarcopenia. Methods: Thirty-nine subjects with COPD (69±7 years; 41% female; FEV1: 49±13% pred) and thirty-five apparently healthy individuals for the control group (CG) (69±7years; 43% female; FEV1: 98±16% pred) were included. All individuals were evaluated for blood analysis, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure (MIP and MEP, respectively), gait speed (GS), handgrip strength (HGS), quadriceps strength (QS), skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Sarcopenia criteria were established according to the European working group on sarcopenia in older people. Investigation of OS biomarkers was conducted via analysis of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase dismutase activity (CAT), sulfhydryl group (SH), nitric oxide metabolites (NOX) and total radical trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP). Results: COPD subjects showed higher levels of antioxidant activity, SH, PON1 and SOD; P<0.02 for all, in comparison to CG. In COPD, TRAP showed positive correlation with FFMI (r=0.5), SMMI (r=0.5), QS (r=0.64) and HGS (r=0.51); P<0.05 for all). AOPP showed positive correlation with FFMI (r=0.43), SMMI (r=0.52), HGS (r=0.5), MIP (r=0.59) and MEP (r=0.46); P<0.05 for all). Variation in FFMI and GS were explained by TRAP and BMI (R:0.80 and R:0.51). TRAP was the only determinant of QS (R:0.43; P=0.004). SMMI was explained by TRAP, AOPP and BMI (R:0.51; P=0.0004). The cutoff points TRAP≤ 850 μM trolox and AOPP≤65 μM/l were associated with risk of sarcopenia (OR: 8.3; 95% CI:1.372-49.6 and OR:14; 95% CI: 2.251-87.05, respectively; P<0.05 for both). Conclusion: COPD subjects showed higher levels of antioxidant activity and more sarcopenia prevalence when compared to apparently healthy individuals. Clinical measurements of sarcopenia were correlated with OS biomarkers, being TRAP and AOPP highly associated with sarcopenia outcomes in this population.
Clinically significant pseudophakic cystoid macular edema after bag-in-the-lens implantation.

PURPOSE To determine the incidence of clinically significant pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CSPME) after phacoemulsification using the bag-in-the-lens intraocular lens (BIL IOL) implantation technique and to examine the influence of associated risk factors, both ocular and systemic. SETTING Monocentric, Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium. DESIGN Retrospective. METHODS This study included 1 077 first-operated eyes of 1 077 adults who underwent phaco-emulsification cataract surgery using the BIL IOL implantation technique between January 2013 and December 2015. RESULTS The 3-month incidence of CSPME in the subgroup without risk factors was 0% (95% CI, 0.0-0.0). The 3-month incidence of CSPME in the subgroup with risk factors was 2.8% (95% CI, 1.3-4.3). The 3-month incidence of CSPME in the total group of 1077 patients was 1.4% (95% CI, 0.6-2.1). The risk factors most significantly associated with CSPME included diabetes (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.37; 95% CI, 1.5-19.3; P = .019), exudative age-related macular degeneration (HR: 121; 95% CI, 36.1-409; P < .001), and macular traction (HR: 6.47; 95% CI, 1.9-22.1; P < .009). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of CSPME was zero in eyes without risk factors. The incidence was consistent with previous reports in the literature regarding the lens-in-the-bag IOL implantation technique in eyes with risk factors. This indicates that the BIL IOL implantation technique is a safe procedure and does not confer a higher risk for developing cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery compared with the lens-in-the-bag IOL implantation technique, despite the requirement of a primary posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis.