Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectrum and predictors of suicidal risk among incarcerated youth in a correctional facility in Kaduna, Northern Nigeria

ABSTRACT Suicide is a primary emergency for mental health professionals, a major public health problem and the most common mode of death in prisons. Although juvenile crime rates appear to have fallen since the mid-1990s, this decrease has not reduced the concern particularly in the sub-Saharan Africa where the population is predominantly youth who are also increasingly prone to vices that may lead to incarceration. To determine the spectrum and predictors of suicide risk among incarcerated youth. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Borstal Training Institution in Kaduna, North-western Nigeria between March 2018 and June, 2018. We recorded the participants’ socio-demographic details using a data collection sheet while the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Questionnaire was used to assess all the categories of adverse childhood experiences. We used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to assess for depression and suicidality in the participants. The 262 youth aged 18 years to 35 years were all males with mean age of 22.34 years (SD ±3.68). The prevalence of 40.1% (105) was obtained for suicide risk; majority were low risk (37.1%). Six (2.3%) participants had made suicidal attempts while 21 (8.0%) had lifetime attempt. Participants that were likely to make an attempt in the future were 2.7% (7) and twenty participants (7.6%) had suicidal behavior disorder. However, no current depression (OR = 3.248; P value = 0.021; 95% CI = 1.196–8.826), previous remands (OR = 0.523; P value = 0.043; 95% CI = 0.280–0.979), increasing age (OR = 1.099; P value = 0.020; 95% CI = 1.015–1.019) and having mothers with high-level jobs (OR = 0.417; P value = 0.002; 95% CI = 0.238–0.731) were the only predictors of suicide risk. Suicide risk is prevalent among incarcerated youth and proven suicide prevention strategies should be incorporated into their management.
Microscopic Analysis of the Plumulaceous Feather Characteristics of Cathartiformes and Accipitriformes in North America

Abstract. Although variation in microscopic plumulaceous (downy) feather characters is known to be useful in taxonomic identifications of birds, the conserved characters unique to most avian orders remain understudied. We examined plumulaceous feather characters (morphometric and observed pigmentation patterns [qualitative]) within three avian families (Cathartidae, Pandionidae, Accipitridae) occurring in North America that often require taxonomic identification based on incomplete or fragmentary remains. We found significant quantitative differences among these three families for measurements of barbule length, node width, average number of nodes per barbule, and internode length. We observed additional differences in pigmentation patterns and spine distribution at nodes. Differences in pigment patterns and intensity are diagnostic for distinguishing Black Vulture (Coragyps atratus) from Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura) within Cathartidae. Further observed differences of a higher percentage of spined structures present at node junctions along the length of barbules are diagnostic of Pandionidae. Within Accipitridae, pigmentation patterns and pigment intensity separate Swallow-tailed Kite (Elanoides forficatus) and White-tailed Kite (Elanus leucurus) from all other taxa; and barbule length, together with average nodes per barbule is unique to Northern Harrier (Circus hudsonius) in the families examined in this study. Although significant differences in a combination of microscopic feather characters among species were seldom observed in this study, family level differences were consistently documented. Results support the use of a suite of microscopic characters in combination with macroscopic feather features, geographic distributions, molecular methods, and other circumstantial evidence to aid in the identification of species of birds from feathers.
A framework for evaluating academic website's quality from students' perspective

As organizations have become aware of the strategic importance of websites, the trend to use websites for various purposes has increased in different domains such as education, health, government and business. However, organizations seeking to obtain benefits from their websites need to create and maintain websites that are successful in supporting the interaction and communication of the organization with their users. The main goal of this Thesis project was to design an improved website quality evaluation framework for academic websites from students’ perspective. For this purpose, an extensive study of the literature on existing quality evaluation models, essential website success factors and criteria was made to identify necessary quality factors, sub factors and criteria. A new and improved quality evaluation framework consisting of five high-level quality factors (Content, Usability, Reliability, Efficiency and Functionality), hierarchically arranged into sub quality factors and criteria was designed. The proposed framework was applied on a case study academic website (TU-Delft University website) to assess its effectiveness and at the same time to evaluate the quality of the website. It is observed from the results of the case study conducted to evaluate the proposed framework, that the new framework has a better construct of quality factors and sub factors as compared to the ISO 9126-1 evaluation model. However, further study should be conducted on some of the sub factors such as identity, authority, multiple language support and functionality. The results of evaluating the TU-Delft website showed that the website in general has a good quality of reliability and efficiency characteristics, while having moderate quality in its content, usability and functionality features.
Research output in rabbit science and production emanating from sub-Saharan Africa - implications for future research and development efforts.

This study examined the trend and quantum of research output in all aspects of rabbit science and production emanating from sub-Saharan Africa, with emphasis on their relative contributions to the development of viable and sustainable smallholder rabbit units. The hypothesis was that a high proportion of research works in rabbit science and production is not client-based and, therefore, has poor uptake or adoption rate by the preponderant smallholder rabbit units in the region. The objectives of the study were: to examine the trends in scientific research outputs in all aspects of rabbit science and production and to assess the contributions of Research & Development (R&D) in rabbit science and production that are oriented towards smallholder units. Publications were sourced from journals, conference proceedings, bulletins, technical reports and grey literature from 1990 to 2007. Data recorded from each publication included names of authors, year of publication, country of origin, area of publication. Each publication was categorized based on the following criteria: basic or applied research, on-station versus on-farm research, unior multi-disciplinary, or conducted with external collaboration or funding. An index of possible applicability of research findings was used to classify the papers. In all, a total of 115 publications were sourced from the literature for the period covered by the study. Results showed that over 80% of the publications were basic research output, unidisciplinary in nature, and were conducted under on-station conditions, while about 10% of the research studies had some form of foreign collaboration through technical support and/or funding. Publications in journal papers accounted for 88% of the publications, while the rest were from Conference Proceedings (mainly World Rabbit Congresses) and other reports. The index of potential applicability of research output showed that over two-thirds (or 68%) of all the research results needed further trials to adapt the technologies to existing conditions of backyard rabbits units. Strategies for a new research agenda to boost R&D efforts to promote smallholder rabbit production are discussed.
The Type of Feedback Provided Can Affect Morphological Rule Learning of Young Children

ABSTRACT The acquisition of a new morphological rule can be influenced by numerous factors, including the type of feedback provided during learning. The present study aimed to test the effect of different feedback types on children’s ability to learn and generalize an artificial morphological rule (AMR). Two groups of eight-year-olds learned to judge and produce repeated and new (generalization) items representing the AMR during ten training sessions. One group (n = 7) received only corrective feedback, that is, heard “the correct answer is … ” after each incorrect answer, whereas the other group (n = 8) received corrective feedback following verification feedback, that is, heard “incorrect, the correct answer is … . ” Performance in terms of accuracy and reaction times was compared to that of an additional eight-year-old group (n = 8) from a previous study who received only verification feedback, that is, heard “incorrect” following each incorrect answer. The data analysis that was conducted for all three groups (N = 23 total), with ten observations for each child revealed that corrective feedback improved implicit learning of the AMR and in some cases also allowed generalization to new items. The combination of verification and corrective feedback, however, yielded the best performance in generalizing the AMR, possibly by stimulating both implicit and explicit processes. These preliminary findings suggest that corrective feedback, and even more so combined corrective+verification feedback, can enhance procedural and declarative learning processes of young school-age children. Future studies may be necessary to test this inference in a larger group of school-age children, and across ages.
Analysis of the Possibility to Detect Road Vehicles via Bluetooth Technology

As road traffic networks become more congested and information systems are implemented to manage traffic flows, real-time data gathering becomes increasingly important. Classic detectors are placed in one point of the network and are able to provide information only from that area. As useful as this is, it lacks the big picture of the routes the vehicles usually travel. There are applications developed to help individuals make their way into the road network, but these are no solutions that deal with the cause of traffic; rather, they counteract the effects. It becomes obvious that a proper management system, with knowledge of all the relevant aspects will better serve all travelers. The detection solution proposed in this paper is based on Bluetooth detectors. This system is able to match detected devices in the road network, filter the results, and generate a vehicle count that is proved to follow RADAR detection results.
Distinct representation of cue-outcome association by D1 and D2 neurons in the ventral striatum’s olfactory tubercle

Positive and negative associations acquired through olfactory experience are thought to be especially strong and long-lasting. The conserved direct olfactory sensory input to the ventral striatal olfactory tubercle (OT) and its convergence with dense dopaminergic input to the OT could underlie this privileged form of associative memory, but how this process occurs is not well understood. We imaged the activity of the two canonical types of striatal neurons, expressing D1 or D2 type dopamine receptors, in the OT at cellular resolution while mice learned odor-outcome associations ranging from aversive to rewarding. D1 and D2 neurons both responded to rewarding and aversive odors. D1 neurons in the OT robustly and bidirectionally represented odor valence, responding similarly to odors predicting similar outcomes regardless of odor identity. This valence representation persisted even in the absence of a licking response to the odors and in the absence of the outcomes, indicating a true transformation of odor sensory information by D1 OT neurons. In contrast, D2 neuronal representation of the odor-outcome associations was weaker, contingent on a licking response by the mouse, and D2 neurons were more selective for odor identity than valence. Stimulus valence coding in the OT was modality-sensitive, with separate sets of D1 neurons responding to odors and sounds predicting the same outcomes, suggesting that integration of multimodal valence information happens downstream of the OT. Our results point to distinct representation of identity and valence of odor stimuli by D1 and D2 neurons in the OT.
Highly Efficient Piezoelectrets through Ultra-Soft Elastomeric Spacers

Piezoelectrets are artificial ferroelectrics that are produced from non-polar air-filled porous polymers by symmetry breaking through high-voltage-induced Paschen breakdown in air. A new strategy for three-layer polymer sandwiches is introduced by separating the electrical from the mechanical response. A 3D-printed grid of periodically spaced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) spacers and air channels was sandwiched between two thin fluoroethylene propylene (FEP) films. After corona charging, the air-filled sections acted as electroactive elements, while the ultra-soft TPU sections determined the mechanical stiffness. Due to the ultra-soft TPU sections, very high quasi-static (22,000 pC N−1) and dynamic (7500 pC N−1) d33 coefficients were achieved. The isothermal stability of the d33 coefficients showed a strong dependence on poling temperature. Furthermore, the thermally stimulated discharge currents revealed well-known instability of positive charge carriers in FEP, thereby offering the possibility of stabilization by high-temperature poling. The dependences of the dynamic d33 coefficient on seismic mass and acceleration showed high coefficients, even at accelerations approaching that of gravity. An advanced analytical model rationalizes the magnitude of the obtained quasi-static d33 coefficients of the suggested structure indicating a potential for further optimization.
Effectiveness of 2-Dose Vaccination with mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Hospitalizations Among Immunocompromised Adults — Nine States, January–September 2021

Immunocompromised persons, defined as those with suppressed humoral or cellular immunity resulting from health conditions or medications, account for approximately 3% of the U.S. adult population (1). Immunocompromised adults are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes (2) and might not acquire the same level of protection from COVID-19 mRNA vaccines as do immunocompetent adults (3,4). To evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) among immunocompromised adults, data from the VISION Network* on hospitalizations among persons aged ≥18 years with COVID-19-like illness from 187 hospitals in nine states during January 17-September 5, 2021 were analyzed. Using selected discharge diagnoses,† VE against COVID-19-associated hospitalization conferred by completing a 2-dose series of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine ≥14 days before the index hospitalization date§ (i.e., being fully vaccinated) was evaluated using a test-negative design comparing 20,101 immunocompromised adults (10,564 [53%] of whom were fully vaccinated) and 69,116 immunocompetent adults (29,456 [43%] of whom were fully vaccinated). VE of 2 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was lower among immunocompromised patients (77%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 74%-80%) than among immunocompetent patients (90%; 95% CI = 89%-91%). This difference persisted irrespective of mRNA vaccine product, age group, and timing of hospitalization relative to SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) B.1. 617.2 (Delta) variant predominance in the state of hospitalization. VE varied across immunocompromising condition subgroups, ranging from 59% (organ or stem cell transplant recipients) to 81% (persons with a rheumatologic or inflammatory disorder). Immunocompromised persons benefit from mRNA COVID-19 vaccination but are less protected from severe COVID-19 outcomes than are immunocompetent persons, and VE varies among immunocompromised subgroups. Immunocompromised persons receiving mRNA COVID-19 vaccines should receive 3 doses and a booster, consistent with CDC recommendations (5), practice nonpharmaceutical interventions, and, if infected, be monitored closely and considered early for proven therapies that can prevent severe outcomes.
O whatsapp como ferramenta educativa de participación e de aprendizaxe da lingua galega e a súa didáctica

galegoA proposta educativa que se presenta e unha experiencia practica levada a cabo no curso academico 2016/2017 na materia “Lingua galega e a sua didactica” de primeiro curso do grao en Educacion Primaria da Facultade de Ciencias da Educacion da Universidade da Coruna. Consiste na creacion dun grupo de Whatsapp ao inicio de curso en que figure tanto o alumnado como o profesorado da materia e no que os participantes aceptan como norma tacita o uso do galego co obxectivo de consolidar a sua praxe en lingua galega e de motivar e implicar o alumnado na materia. A sua implementacion permitiu verificar as posibilidades pedagoxicas que ofrece a aplicacion na area da didactica das linguas para ambos os colectivos: ao alumnado o grupo concedelle mais un foro para mellorar a sua competencia linguistica e, ao tempo, fomenta o interese pola materia ao ser abordada nunha linguaxe en que se sente comodo, polo que tamen participa con maior profusion; a docente permitelle ter un maior volume de informacion para avaliar o alumnado e paliar as limitacions temporais dunha materia cuadrimestral ao non restrinxir a aprendizaxe ao horario academico, o que tamen posibilita diluir as fronteiras entre a educacion formal e non formal. EnglishThe educational proposal shown in this project is a practical experience carried out during the academic year 2016/2017 in the subject “Galician language and its teaching” of the first course of Primary Education degree in the faculty of Educational Sciences at the University of A Coruna. It consists on the creation of a WhatsApp group at the beginning of the course where it is included the students as well as the professor of the subject and where the participants accept as a tacit rule the use of Galician language with the objective of consolidating their praxis in Galician language and motivating and involving the students in the subject. Its implementation allowed to verify the pedagogical possibilities offered by the application in the area of language teaching for both groups: for the student body the group is, above all, a forum to improve their linguistic competence and, at the same time, it increases their interest on the subject as it is addressed in a language which they feel comfortable with. Therefore, they also take part more frequently; for the teacher it allows to have a higher volume of information to evaluate the students and reduce temporary limitations in a four-month subject, as it does not restrict the learning to the academic schedule, which makes also possible to reduce the limits between conventional and non-conventional education.
Selecting a Green, Agile and Industry 4.0 Supplier With the Fuzzy-Swara-Bwm Integrated Method

Businesses establish supply chains in order to continue their activities. Choosing the suppliers to take part in these supply chains poses many challenges in rapidly changing conditions. Environmental concerns in the public, competitive market structures, and developing technological opportunities affect the decision-making processes. Different criteria are taken into consideration instead of traditional criteria such as cost and service. In this study, green, agile, and Industry 4.0 dimensions and the criteria under these dimensions are defined. According to these, the problem of selecting the supplier that responds to the expectations of the markets and enables them to increase their competitiveness was discussed. Fuzzy SWARA and fuzzy BMW methods were applied in an integrated way to solve the supplier selection problem under these three dimensions. A real case study was also presented. In the study, the results obtained by creating different scenarios were compared and sensitivity analysis was made. The results obtained show that the hybrid method developed in this study is effective in supplier selection problems. As a result of the study, the most important evaluation dimension is "agile" and the most important criterion is "delivery speed".
An Evaluation of the Hygiene Practices of Polish Street Food Vendors in Selected Food Trucks and Stands

Today, street food vending is becoming a dynamically developing food industry in Europe, including Poland. Lifestyle changes and socioeconomic factors, especially among young consumers, make it a convenient food alternative, even in countries without this tradition. The aim of the study was to evaluate hygiene conditions and practices in selected street food facilities in Poland. The study was carried out in accordance with an observation checklist developed on the basis of the hygienic requirements of the European Union. The study covered 550 randomly selected street food vendors in Poland in 10 cities. The hygiene of street food outlets was assessed in three aspects: ensuring proper production conditions, hygiene of production and distribution, and hygiene of personnel. The evaluation of street food outlets showed that the level of hygiene was not fully acceptable. A small percentage of the examined objects satisfactorily fulfilled the requirements of the production conditions, production and distribution hygiene, and staff hygiene. The proposed hygienic checklist for quick daily monitoring of street food outlets can be used to perform internal and external inspections. It seems that specific codes of conduct for European street foods facilities are necessary.
THE STUDY OF TRUNK MECHANICAL AND NEUROMUSCULAR BEHAVIORS

OF THESIS THE STUDY OF TRUNK MECHANICAL AND NEUROMUSCULAR BEHAVIORS Low back pain (LBP) is a common ailment in the United States, affecting up to 80% of adults at least once in their lifetime. Although 90% of LBP cases are considered nonspecific, recent studies show that abnormal mechanics of the lower back can be a major factor. One method of assessing the lower back mechanical environment is through perturbation experiments. An intensive literature review of perturbation systems was used to select and develop a system for the Human Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Lab (HMBL). Following construction, individuals with high/low exposure to day-long physical activity were assessed to quantify daily changes in their lower back mechanics and determine whether complete recovery occurs during overnight rest. Despite significant decrease in maximum voluntary contractions (MVC), intrinsic stiffness of the high exposure group remained constant following day-long physical activity. The final component of this Master’s project is devoted to the design of a wobble chair system for study of trunk stability. Development of the perturbation system and wobble chair are hoped to facilitate future research aimed at a better understanding of trunk mechanical and neuromuscular behaviors to prevent and treat LBP in the future.