Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mental and somatic health in university students with type 1 diabetes: new results from DiaSHoT18, a cross sectional national health and well-being survey

Abstract Objectives To explore mental and somatic health, quality of life, alcohol-related problems, sleep problems, and diabetes related distress in university students with type 1 diabetes (T1D), compared to students without T1D. Further, we evaluated associations with gender, treatment modalities, and achieved metabolic control. Methods All fulltime Norwegian students aged 18–35 years pursuing higher education in 2018 (n=162.512) were invited into a comprehensive national survey on health and well-being. Students that stated having diabetes was asked further questions about their diabetes care. Results Of 49,684 participating students, 324 participants stated having T1D. Students with T1D did not show more mental or somatic health symptoms, or report a higher level of loneliness. However, T1D was significantly associated with lower quality of life (QoL). Students with good metabolic control reached the same QoL as students without T1D. Mental disorders and suicidality were associated with lacking metabolic control. The proportion of unhealthy drinking habits was generally low, and even lower in students with T1D. Sleeping patterns were generally good, but students using continuous glucose measurement were awakening more often during sleep. Females with T1D showed higher levels of diabetes related problems and distress, but good metabolic control was associated with lower diabetes distress level. Conclusions Students with T1D scored equally on most mental and somatic health scales. Their quality of life was significantly worse compared to their healthy peers. Knowledge on the impact of metabolic control, gender and the use of CSII and CGM can be valuable for the caretakers of young adults with T1D.
Phylogenetic relationships among cryptic species of the Phyllotis xanthopygus complex (Rodentia, Cricetidae)

The leaf‐eared mouse, Phyllotis xanthopygus (Waterhouse 1837) is a widely distributed sigmodontine rodent in South America, with populations ranging from central Peru to southern Argentina and Chile. Previous morphological and molecular contributions have suggested that P. xanthopygus represents a species complex. In order to characterize and disclose this cryptic species complex, we perform a molecular genetic/phylogenetic analysis of representative samples across its geographical distribution. Phylogenetic analyses were based on sequences of cytochrome‐b gene (801 base pairs; n = 114 specimens) and analysed by maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches. We also employed a Bayesian implementation of the Poisson tree processes (bPTP) as a unilocus species delimitation method. Results from our phylogenetic analyses retrieve eight well‐supported clades. Five of these clades belong to populations known as P. xanthopygus s.l. , which were paraphyletic to the closely related species P. bonariensis, P. caprinus, and P. limatus, displaying strong genetic divergences (>8%). The (bPTP) analyses recovered ten species within P. xanthopygus s.l. plus related forms (i.e. P. bonariensis, P. caprinus, and P. limatus). Our results, coupled with chromosomal and morphological evidences, support the recognition of these clades at the species level and provide a new framework to characterize the leaf‐eared mice complex. Our study highlights the importance of integrative approaches in disentangling the biodiversity of Neotropical rodents.
Multiple Object Extraction from Aerial Imagery with Convolutional Neural Networks

An automatic system to extract terrestrial objects from aerial imagery has many applications in a wide range of areas. However, in general, this task has been performed by human experts manually, so that it is very costly and time consuming. There have been many attempts at automating this task, but many of the existing works are based on class-speciﬁc features and classiﬁers. In this article, the authors propose a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based building and road extraction system. This takes raw pixel values in aerial imagery as input and outputs predicted three-channel label images (building–road–background). Using CNNs, both feature extractors and classiﬁers are automatically constructed. The authors propose a new technique to train a single CNN efﬁciently for extracting multiple kinds of objects simultaneously. Finally, they show that the proposed technique improves the prediction performance and surpasses state-of-the-art results tested on a publicly available aerial imagery dataset.
Improving the Performance of Solution-Processed Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Photovoltaic Materials by Cd2+ Substitution

Additional elements in the Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) absorber layers can play a crucial role in improving the performance of thin film solar cells. In this paper, a significant performance enhancement of CZTSSe thin film solar cells was achieved by the partial substitution of the Zn2+ cation with Cd2+. A small amount of Cd2+ can be successfully incorporated into the host lattice of CZTSSe to form a homogeneous Cu2Zn1–xCdxSn(S,Se)4 (CZCTSSe) alloy material. We demonstrated that the crystal growth and the band gap of CZCTSSe thin films are affected by the Cd doping level. Additionally, the impact of Cd content on the space-charge density (Nc-v) and the depletion width (Wd) of CZCTSSe solar cells was systematically investigated. By this cation substitution approach, the power conversion efficiency of the solar cells based on the CZCTSSe absorber was successfully increased from 5.41 to 8.11% for the optimal composition (x = 5%).
Blockchain-Enhanced Fair Task Scheduling for Cloud-Fog-Edge Coordination Environments: Model and Algorithm

The cloud-fog-edge hybrid system is the evolution of the traditional centralized cloud computing model. Through the combination of different levels of resources, it is able to handle service requests from terminal users with a lower latency. However, it is accompanied by greater uncertainty, unreliability, and instability due to the decentralization and regionalization of service processing, as well as the unreasonable and unfairness in resource allocation, task scheduling, and coordination, caused by the autonomy of node distribution. Therefore, this paper introduces blockchain technology to construct a trust-enabled interaction framework in a cloud-fog-edge environment, and through a double-chain structure, it improves the reliability and verifiability of task processing without a big management overhead. Furthermore, in order to fully consider the reasonability and load balance in service coordination and task scheduling, Berger’s model and the conception of service justice are introduced to perform reasonable matching of tasks and resources. We have developed a trust-based cloud-fog-edge service simulation system based on iFogsim, and through a large number of experiments, the performance of the proposed model is verified in terms of makespan, scheduling success rate, latency, and user satisfaction with some classical scheduling models.
Nanosized titanium dioxide seed priming enhances the salt tolerance of the ornamental and medicinal plant Paeonia suffruticosa

Paeonia suffruticosa is a popular ornamental and medicinal plant it is vulnerable to saline stress. To find an effective seed treatment for P. suffruticosa under salt stress, the present study explored the effects of nanosized titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) priming on the germination, growth and physiological response of P. suffruticosa under salt stress. The seeds were primed with different concentrations of nano-TiO2 for either 48 h or 72 h in a growth chamber. The germination characteristics, activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase enzymes, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll content, lateral root number, and seedling biomass were evaluated. The results indicated that treatment with 2, 10, and 100 mg·L nano-TiO2 significantly reversed the adverse effects of salinity stress on P. suffruticosa seed germination and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, the number of lateral roots and the content of chlorophyll in seedlings, thereby increasing seedling dry weights P. suffruticosa of when primed for 48 h. Nano-TiO2 priming for 72 h increased the Pn of P. suffruticosa seedlings, while priming for 48 h decreased Pn or had no significant effect. The findings suggest that priming seeds with 2, 10, or 100 mg·L nano-TiO2 is an effective method for enhancing seed germination and early seedling growth in P. suffruticosa under salt stress.
Police-Public Relations: Interpretations of Policing and Democratic Governance

“The public” is a central concept in the legitimization of modern policing. Yet the definition of “the public” and the meaning of “public-oriented policing” have changed over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries with great variations between countries. This essay critically analyses the dichotomy which has often been established between police-public relations in AngloAmerican contexts, as the model of public-oriented “democratic policing”, as opposed to police public relations in continental Europe. With examples from Britain, US, France and Germany across the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this essay makes two key points: first, that interpretations by historians and police scholars of the nature of police-public relations have been fundamentally influenced by sympathies or antipathies of the political regime they served; secondly, that the positive appreciation among scholars for the principles behind the AngloAmerican ideal of police-public relations have often been accepted uncritically. Instead examples from France and Germany open wider questions about the impact of democratization on police-public relation, the consequences of locally organized police on evenhanded and responsive policing, and the influence of military features in policing on violence in policepublic relations.
The Language of Instruction Dilemma in Ghana: Making a Case for the Various Ghanaian Languages

Language plays a significant role in the development of every nation. It mirrors the culture of every society and also reflects the social realities of every nation. It is not surprising, therefore, that every nation goes extra miles in an attempt to keep their languages from sinking. Every nation that gives her culture a priority would therefore put in every effort to develop their native languages. However, there appears to a higher level of reluctance concerning the efforts by concerned stakeholders to promote the indigenous languages of Ghana. This reluctance could be attributed to the prestigiousness attached to the study and use of the English language in the Ghanaian educational system. In light of this, the Ghanaian languages have been despised by many. The common rationale for this despicable attitude towards the local languages is that it has been misconstrued by many stakeholders as unfit for promoting academic excellence. In this paper, however, it is argued, based on research findings, that instruction in the various Ghanaian languages must be given the necessary consideration to accelerate the academic performance of students. To achieve this, the paper recommends that teachers must make complementary use of both English and the Ghanaian languages to facilitate learning at the Junior High Level.
Chitinozoans of a composite section of Upper Llandoverian to basal Lower Gedinnian sediments in northern Leon, Spain. A preliminary report,

Chitinozoans occur through most of the well-exposed section of Upper Llandoverian to Ludlovian (or possibly basal Lower Gedinnian) rocks of the Cantabrian Mountains in nor/hem Leon, Spain. Chitinozoan assemblages of three sections, which, together, are representative of this lime interval, are analyzed, and the ranges of the most common taxa are illustrated within this section. A major change in the chitinozoan assemblage composition occurs in the basal part of the ironbearing San Pedro Formation. The assemblage below this break (Upper Llandoverian and younger, but older than Ludlovian, according to sparse and poorly preserved marine megafossils) comprises abundant, relatively large chitinozoans of the genera Conochitina and Cyathochitina, and few Angochitina and Ancyrochitina. Many of these taxa are similar to forms previously described from the Sahara, Southem France and the Baltic region. The younger assemblage (of Ludlovian, and possibly basal Lower Gedinnian age) is characterized by the occurence of abundant small species of the genera Desmochitina, Angochitina, Ancyrochitina, and Plectochitina. This younger assemblage is quite similar ta assemblages described from the Sahara.
Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development

The concept of rural vitality often used to describe the rural areas as specific areas that are of particular significance not only for the region but also the country as a whole. Depending on the objectives investigated there are different indicators used to evaluate the vitality – one of them – rural residents social portrait. Purpose of the research is to identify the impact of changes of social portrait of rural residents on rural vitality. In this study, the indicators of general censuses of 2001 and 2011 were used to assess the social portrait of rural residents. The results showed that changes of social portrait of rural residents had both positive and negative trends on rural vitality. As positive trends should be mentioned rising higher grade educated, multilingual population, a rapidly improving life and living conditions in the rural areas compared with the townspeople. The trends adversely affected the vitality of rural areas are: depopulation, the growing share of elderly in the structure of the rural population, declining rural population’s entrepreneurship, decline of number of income sources and continued growth in the share of persons living of wage labor.
Toxic Effects of Binary Mixtures of Heavy Metals on the Growth and P Removal Efficiencies of Alcaligenes sp.

BACKGROUND: This study was initiated to quantitatively evaluate the effects of five heavy metals on the growth and P removal efficiencies of Alcaligenes sp. , known as the Phosphorus Accumulating Organisms (PAOs). It was cultivated in the batch system with five heavy metals, such as Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni, added in single and binary mixtures, respectively. METHODS AND RESULTS: IC50 (half of inhibition concentration of bacterial growth) and EC50 (half of effective concentration of phosphorus removal Efficiencies) were used to quantitatively evaluate the effects of heavy metals on the growth and phosphorus removal Efficiencies of Alcaligenes sp. In addition, Additive Index Value (A.I.V.) method was used to evaluate the interactive effects between Alcaligenes sp. and heavy metals. As a result, as the five heavy metals were singly added to Alcaligenes sp. , the greatest inhibitory effects on the growth and P removal efficiencies of each bacteria was observed in the cadmium (Cd). In the binary mixture treatments of heavy metals, the treatments of lowest IC50 and EC50 were the Cd + Cu treatment. Based on the IC50 and EC50 of the binary mixtures of heavy metals treatments, most interactive effects between the heavy metals were found to be antagonistic. CONCLUSION: Based on the results obtained from this study, it appears that they could provide the basic information about the toxic effects of the respective treatments of single and binary mixtures of heavy metals on the growth and P removal efficiencies of Alcaligenes sp. through further study about the characterization of functional proteins involved in toxic effects of heavy metals.
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from patient’s urine

Introduction: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are a clinical threat that may cause nosocomial as well as community-acquired infections. E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are among the most common Gram-negative bacilli causing urinary tract infections. This study investigated certain molecular characteristics of phenotypically proved ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Materials and Methods: This study includes a total of 64 community and hospital-acquired Enterobacteriaceae suspected to produce ESBLs using routine antimicrobial susceptibility test. Identification of species of Enterobacteriaceae was done by the API 20E identification system. ESBL production was detected by double disk synergy test (DDST) followed by detection of the encoding genes by PCR using primers for bla-TEM, bla-CTX-M1, bla-CTX-M2, bla-SHV and bla-PER genes. Results: The identity of confirmed isolates was 40 E.coli and 24 Klebsiella pneumonie. Out of these, 49 isolates were positive for ESBLproduction by DDST. Fifty seven isolates were proved to produce ESBLs using PCR. The bla-TEM, bla-CTX-M1 and bla-PER were the most prevalent ESBL genes (45.3%, 45.3% and 34.375%; respectively). Conclusion: The double disk synergy test showed sensitivity of 82.5% compared to PCR. The study showed high prevalence of ESBLs in E. coli and K. pneumonie isolates from urine specimens with bla-TEM, bla-CTX-M1 and bla-PER as the predominant detected genes.
Examining Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) as Artificial Coarse Aggregates in Concrete

This study aims to examine the effect of recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) artificial aggregate as a substitute for coarse aggregate on the compressive strength and flexural strength, and the volume weight of the concrete. PET plastic waste is recycled by heating to a boiling point of approximately 300C. There are five variations of concrete mixtures, defined the percentage of PET artificial aggregate to the total coarse aggregate, by 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. Tests carried out on fresh concrete mixtures are slump, bleeding, and segregation tests. Compressive and flexural strength tests proceeded based on ASTM 39/C39M-99 and ASTM C293-79 standards at the age of 28 days. The results showed that the use of PET artificial aggregate could improve the workability of the concrete mixture. The effect of PET artificial aggregate as a substitute for coarse aggregate on the compressive and flexural strength of concrete is considered very significant. The higher the percentage of PET plastic artificial aggregate, the lower the compressive and flexural strength, and the volume weight, of the concrete. Substitution of 25, 50, 75, and 100% of PET artificial aggregate gave decreases in compressive strength of 30.06, 32.39, 41.73, and 44.06% of the compressive strength of the standard concrete (18.20 MPa), respectively. The reductions in flexural strength were by respectively 19.03, 54.50, 53.95, and 61.00% of the standard concrete's flexural strength (3.59 MPa). The reductions in volume weight of concrete were by respectively 8.45, 17.71, 25.07, and 34.60% of the weight of the standard concrete volume of 2335.4 kg/m
Assessment of soil characteristics in different land-use systems in Gandhinagar, Gujarat

Soil is a source of food and habitation for all terrestrial organisms and provides innumerable ecosystem services. However, it is a finite resource as it is not renewable on a human time scale. Land-use change drastically alters soil characteristics and increased soil carbon emissions. In this study, an effort has been made to assess soil characteristics in different land-use classes of Gandhinagar district, Gujarat. Land-use land cover classification was done using digital interpretation method and 9 classes were mapped. Stratified random sampling approach was adopted to obtain composite samples from 4 sites in 6 out of 9 land-use land cover classes from increasing depths of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm. Soil quality was assessed by testing pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, available phosphorous, potassium, and total nitrogen. It was found that vegetation class contained most fertile soil. The agriculture closely followed vegetation while urban showed least amount of soil organic carbon and other nutrients. Vegetation showed highest carbon and potassium levels while nitrogen and phosphorous were equally high in vegetation and agriculture class. Tree cover and the nature of land-use were crucial factors affecting soil health.
Food Deserts or Food Swamps? Using Geospatial Technologies to Explore Disparities in Food Access in Windsor, Canada

Access to healthy, varied and affordable foods has a great impact on individual dietary patterns and diet-related health outcomes. Consequently, there is an increasing interest in identifying food deserts areas with poor access to supermarkets or other food retailers that provide a wide range of healthy and affordable food. Using geographic information systems (GIS), this study examines geographic accessibility to both supermarkets and fast food outlets, and explores their relationship with neighbourhood socioeconomic and zoning characteristics to identify food deserts and food swamps in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. The results show that access to supermarkets and fast food outlets varied by neighbourhoodlevel socioeconomic deprivation in Windsor, with socioeconomically disadvantaged areas having better food access than advantaged areas. Consistent with previous findings in other Canadian cities, this study finds that food swamps were more prevalent than food deserts in Windsor. To cite this article: Luo, X. (2020). Food Deserts or Food Swamps? Using Geospatial Technologies to Explore Disparities in Food Access in Windsor, Canada. International Journal of Librarianship, 5(1), 78-1097 https://doi.org/10.23974/ijol.2020. vol5.1. 161 To submit your article to this journal: Go to https://ojs.calaijol. org/index.php/ijol/about/submissions/ INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIBRARIANSHIP, 5(1), 78-107. ISSN: 2474-3542 Food Deserts or Food Swamps? Using Geospatial Technologies to Explore Disparities in Food Access in Windsor, Canada
miR-1283 Contributes to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Development of Hypertension Through the Activating Transcription Factor-4 (ATF4)/C/EBP-Homologous Protein (CHOP) Signaling Pathway

Background Hypertension-related microRNA(miR)-1283 and its target gene, activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4), can regulate vascular endothelial dysfunction. This study aimed to explore whether miR-1283 prevents hypertension through targeting ATF4. Material/Methods Transcriptome sequencing was performed after overexpression or inhibition of miR-1283 in human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECs). After miR-1283 was overexpressed or inhibited in HAECs, ATF4+/− and wild-type mice were induced with a high-salt diet. We detected the expression of ATF4, C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), BH3-interacting domain death agonist (BID), Bcl-2, Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BIM), Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL-X), and caspase-3 by PCR and western blotting. We detected the changes of vasoactive substances including nitric oxide (NO), endothelin 1 (ET-1), endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), thrombin (TM), and von Willebrand factor (vWF) by ELISA. Results Compared with that of the miR-1283- inhibited group, NO was higher in the miR-1283 overexpression group, while the expression of ET-1, EPCR, TM, and vWF were lower. Similarly, compared with that of the miR-1283 inhibited group, the expression of ATF4, CHOP, BID, BIM, and caspase-3 in the miR-1283 overexpression group was downregulated, while the expression of BCL-2 and BCL-X was upregulated (P<0.05). In vivo experiments showed the lack of ATF4 gene could prevent hypertension in mice induced by high-salt diet and protect endothelial function. Conclusions The mechanism of regulating blood pressure and endothelial function of the miR-1283/ATF4 axis was related to inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell apoptosis through the ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway. Therefore, the miR-1283/ATF4 axis may be a target for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.