Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Na,K‐ATPase: A murzyme facilitating thermodynamic equilibriums at the membrane‐interface

The redox metabolic paradigm of murburn concept advocates that diffusible reactive species (DRS, particularly oxygen‐centric radicals) are mainstays of physiology, and not mere pathological manifestations. The murburn purview of cellular function also integrates the essential principles of bioenergetics, thermogenesis, homeostasis, electrophysiology, and coherence. In this context, any enzyme that generates/modulates/utilizes/sustains DRS functionality is called a murzyme. We have demonstrated that several water‐soluble (peroxidases, lactate dehydrogenase, hemogoblin, etc.) and membrane‐embedded (Complexes I–V in mitochondria, Photosystems I/II in chloroplasts, rhodopsin/transducin in rod cells, etc.) proteins serve as murzymes. The membrane protein of Na,K‐ATPase (NKA, also known as sodium‐potassium pump) is the focus of this article, owing to its centrality in neuro‐cardio‐musculo electrophysiology. Herein, via a series of critical queries starting from the geometric/spatio‐temporal considerations of diffusion/mass transfer of solutes in cells to an update on structural/distributional features of NKA in diverse cellular systems, and from various mechanistic aspects of ion‐transport (thermodynamics, osmoregulation, evolutionary dictates, etc.) to assays/explanations of inhibitory principles like cardiotonic steroids (CTS), we first highlight some unresolved problems in the field. Thereafter, we propose and apply a minimalist murburn model of trans‐membrane ion‐differentiation by NKA to address the physiological inhibitory effects of trans‐dermal peptide, lithium ion, volatile anesthetics, confirmed interfacial DRS + proton modulators like nitrophenolics and unsaturated fatty acid, and the diverse classes of molecules like CTS, arginine, oximes, etc. These explanations find a pan‐systemic connectivity with the inhibitions/uncouplings of other membrane proteins in cells.
Deformable roll coating flows: steady state and linear perturbation analysis

Roll coating is distinguished by the use of one or more gaps between rotating cylinders to meter a continuous liquid layer and to apply it to a continuous flexible substrate. Of the two rolls that make a forward or reverse roll coating gap, one is often covered by a layer of more-or-less deformable elastomer. Liquid carried into the converging side of the nip can develop high enough pressure to deform the resilient cover, which changes the nip profile and thus alters the velocity and pressure field. This elastohydrodynamic coupled action is not yet well understood. Theoretical modelling has to take into account the viscous flow, the roll deformation and the free-surface effects in order to predict the flow behaviour. In this work the flow between a rigid and a deformable counter-rotating roll that shares the same angular speed is described by the lubrication approximation together with a viscocapillary model, based in the film-flow equation, for the film-split region. The deformation of the elastomer layer is modelled by Hookean springs oriented radially, which constitute a one-dimensional model. The stability of the system to transverse perturbation is analysed by examining the time-dependent response to infinitesimal disturbances in order to identify those that grow fastest. The corresponding system of equations is solved by Newton's method with first-order continuation. The relationship between coating thickness, operational parameters (loading force, gap setting, roll velocities, etc.), liquid properties and the properties of the cover is reported, as well as the critical capillary number for onset of ribbing and wavelengths of the ribbing pattern predicted by the mathematical model. The results indicate how a deformable cover may be used in order to delay the onset of ribbing for a desired coating thickness. In order to validate the theoretical predictions of the viscocapillary/Hookean spring model, the symmetric film-split flows between a pair of rigid rolls and a pair consisting of a deformable roll and a rigid one were also analysed experimentally.
Interaction in online postgraduate learning: what makes a good forum?

Abstract Online postgraduate courses for professionals often use discussion forums to promote engagement and interaction. Equivalency theorem suggests that student-student interaction may increase satisfaction but is not necessary for achieving desired learning outcomes. Therefore, costs, as well as benefits, should be ascertained. We used data from student feedback and interviews to assess the perceptions of part-time postgraduate distance learners, and analyze their views of the role, benefits, and drawbacks of discussion forums. The aim was to assess forum efficacy in the context of the specific needs of these learners, to inform forum use and design. Thematic analysis revealed complex interactions between student context and experience, forum design and management. Structurally tweaking forums to control engagement may be particularly ineffective, stimulating unhelpful grade-focused participation and highlighting forum opportunity costs. The study revealed the importance of designing and managing forums, with direct reference to their costs and benefits for specific student groups.
Game Theoretic Analysis of Voting in Committees

In this chapter we adopt the axiomatic approach in order to find (new) voting procedures to committees that are immune against deviations by coalitions of voters. We shall now describe our approach. Let G be a committee and let A be a finite set of m alternatives, m [greater-or-equal, slanted] 2. Our problem is to find a social choice function F that will enable the members of G to choose one alternative out of A. We insist that F will have the following properties. (i) F should be Paretian, monotonic, and preserve the symmetries of G;(ii) the power structure induced by F should coincide with G;(iii) for each profile RN of (true) preferences of N (i.e., the set of members of G), F(RN) should be the outcome of a strong Nash equilibrium (in the strategic game specified by F and RN). Let, again, G be a committee and let A be a set of m alternatives, m [greater-or-equal, slanted] 2. The pair (G, A) is called a choice problem. A social choice function that satisfies the foregoing three criteria (i)-(iii), is called a strong representation of (G, A). If G is weak, that is, G has a vetoer, then (G, A) has a strong representation for every value of m. If G does not contain a vetoer, then there exists a natural number [mu](G) [greater-or-equal, slanted] 2 (the capacity of G), such that (G, A) has a strong representation if and only if 2 [less-than-or-equals, slant] m [less-than-or-equals, slant] [mu](G). A family of algorithms, called feasible elimination procedures, produces a strong representation to any choice problem (G, A) whenever such a representation exists. Feasible eliminations procedures produce all the strong representations of symmetric committees.
Isotopic abundance variations in interstellar HCN

A study of the relative abundances of the rare isotopic species H/sup 12/C/sup 15/N and H/sup 13/C/sup 14/N has been made in six dense molecule clouds through observations of the 3.5 mm wavelength rotational transitions. The data indicate that in all sources the (HC/sup 15/N)/(H/sup 13/CN) integrated line-intensity ratio is smaller than that implied by terrestrial isotopic abundances. The excitation of HCN is discussed with special attention to the conditions which permit accurate abundance determination even when optical depths are large. We make a quantitative estimate of the line saturation and find this to be a small effect for the present measurements. There appears to be at least a factor of 6 between the average ratio for the sources in the galactic disk and that for two sources associated with the galactic center. This result is discussed in terms of increased nuclear processing in the galactic center region.
MISMO FIELD EXPERIMENT IN THE EQUATORIAL INDIAN OCEAN

The Mirai Indian Ocean cruise for the Study of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO)-convection Onset (MISMO) was a field experiment that took place in the central equatorial Indian Ocean during October–December 2006, using the research vessel Mirai, a moored buoy array, and landbased sites at the Maldive Islands. The aim of MISMO was to capture atmospheric and oceanic features in the equatorial Indian Ocean when convection in the MJO was initiated. This article describes details of the experiment as well as some selected early results. Intensive observations using Doppler radar, radiosonde, surface meteorological measurements, and other instruments were conducted at 0°, 80.5°E, after deploying an array of surface and subsurface moorings around this site. The Mirai stayed within this buoy array area from 24 October through 25 November. After a period of stationary observations, underway meteorological measurements were continued from the Maldives to the eastern Indian Ocean in early December. All observatio.
Complete and defective agreement in Kutchi

We describe and analyze the previously undocumented verbal agreement system of Kutchi (Indo-Aryan). We argue that Kutchi instantiates a novel type of split ergativity. First, it exhibits an aspect split in that agreement in non-perfective clauses behaves on a par with agreement in intransitive perfective clauses, in stark contrast to transitive perfective clauses. A striking property of Kutchi is that these asymmetries manifest themselves in the richness of agreement. In the former configurations, the verb agrees with the subject for person, number and gender. In the latter, on the other hand, agreement is systematically defective and reliable fails to cross-references certain φ-features. In addition to this aspect split, Kutchi displays a person split: While the verb normally agrees with the subject, it surprisingly fails to do so in transitive perfective clauses with a 1st person subject. Instead, it is the object that triggers agreement in these configurations, likewise in a defective manner. We will argue that these agreement asymmetries are syntactic in nature rather than morphological. Our analysis builds on, and extends, previous work by Laka (2006) and Coon (2010).
Monotone σ‐Complete RC‐Groups

An RC‐group is a unital group G with a distinguished compression base with respect to which G satisfies the Rickart projection and general comparison properties. We prove that a monotone σ‐complete RC‐group is a union of subgroups each of which is a lattice‐ordered Dedekind σ‐complete RC‐group.
Linking Climate Sensitivity of Plant Phenology to Population Fitness in Alpine Meadow

Timings of phenological events have been paid more attention in facing of climate change. However, little is known how shifts of phenological events are associated with variations of vegetative and reproductive periods which could further link to population fitness over time. We compiled an observational data set including timings of four phenological events, height, and population aboveground biomass of 12 plant species across five sites in alpine meadow on Tibetan Plateau spanning 1988–2006. Our time‐series data revealed timings of budburst and flower budding are more sensitive to climate warming than timings of fruit ripeness and leaf senescence. Some species showed advances of budburst and/or flower budding, and others did not show any response. We also found advance of budburst was correlated with lengthening of vegetative and activity period, and advance of flower budding was correlated with shortening of vegetative and lengthening of reproductive period. Furthermore, negative relationship was found between budburst shifts and aboveground biomass suggesting advance of budburst is beneficial to population fitness over time under warming. Our spatial‐data showed lengthening vegetative period due to budburst advance was correlated with increase of aboveground biomass as comparison the species pairs in a warm‐wet site with that in a cold‐dry site. Prolonging reproductive period due to flower budding advance was correlated with increase of aboveground biomass as comparison the species pairs in a warm‐dry site with that in a cold‐wet site. Our study suggests linking phenology to population fitness is helpful to better understanding diverse responses of phenological events to climate changes.
Linear and nonlinear interactions between a columnar vortex and external turbulence

The structure of initially isotropic homogeneous turbulence interacting with a columnar vortex (with circulation Γ and radius σ), idealized both as a solid cylinder and a hollow core model is analysed using the inhomogeneous form of linear rapid distortion theory (RDT), for flows where the r.m.s. turbulence velocity u0 is small compared with Γ/σ. The turbulent eddies with scale Γ are distorted by the mean velocity gradient and also, over a distance Γ from the surface of the vortex, by their direct impingement onto it, whether it is solid or hollow. The distortion of the azimuthal component of turbulent vorticity by the differential rotation in the mean flow around the columnar vortex causes the mean-square radial velocity away from the cylinder to increase as (Γt/2πr2)2 (Γx/r)u20, when (r − σ) > Γx, but on the surface of the vortices ((r − σ) < Γx) where 〈u2r〉 is reduced, 〈u2z〉 increases to the same order, while the other components do not grow. Statistically, while the vorticity field remains asymmetric, the velocity field of small-scale eddies near the vortex core rapidly becomes axisymmetric, within a period of two or three revolutions of the columnar vortex. Calculation of the distortion of small-scale initially random velocity fields shows how the turbulent eddies, as they are wrapped around the columnar vortex, become like vortex rings, with similar properties to those computed by Melander & Hussain (1993) using a fully nonlinear direct numerical simulation. A mechanism is proposed for how interactions between the external turbulence and the columnar vortex can lead to non-axisymmetric vortex waves being excited on the vortex and damped fluctuations in its interior. If the columnar vortex is not significantly distorted by these linear effects, estimates are made of how nonlinear effects lead to the formation of axisymmetric turbulent vortices which move as result of their image vorticity (in addition to the self-induction velocity) at a velocity of order u0tΓ/σ2 parallel to the vortex. Even when the circulation (γ) of the turbulent vortices is a small fraction of Γ, they can excite self-destructive displacements through resonance on a time scale σ/u0.
Comment on "Spin crossover in (Mg,Fe)O : A Mossbauer effect study with an alternative interpretation of x-ray emission spectroscopy data"

In a recent paper, Kantor et al. presented M\"ossbauer spectroscopy data on the pressure dependence of the Fe spin state in ${\mathrm{Mg}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}\mathrm{O}$ [Phys. Rev. B 73, 100101(R) (2006)] and found that the transition was completed at significantly higher pressures than what had been found by x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) studies. In order to account for the discrepancy, the authors reanalyzed the XES spectra using a simple spectral decomposition and achieved good agreement for the two types of data. In this paper, we show that the proposed alternative analysis of the XES spectra is inadequate, prove that previous XES work had correctly identified the low-spin state at the highest pressures, and provide a complete reanalysis of the XES data.
ESTIMATING OF SOME BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND YIELD PER RECRUIT FOR FISHERY MANAGEMENT OF GREY MULLET, Mugil cephalus IN BARDWILL LAGOON

Biological parameters provide fundamental information for re-stocking in fisheries. Growth, mortality and yield per recruit of Grey mullet (Mugil cephalus ) were studied in Bardawill lagoon. A total of 961 specimens (12.8 to 49.8 cm total Length and 28 to 1222 gm total weight), were collected from April to December, 2015. Age was determined by scales where age groups 0 to 6 years. Growths in length and weight at the end of each year were calculated as 21, 28.5, 33.8, 37.4, 40.7 and 43.9 cm for the 1, II, III, IV, V and VI year of life respectively. The relationship between length and weight was W= 0.0108*L 2.963 . The growth parameters of von Bertalanffy equation were calculated as (L∞= 52.19 cm, K = 0.261 year -1 and t 0 = -0.9698 year). Growth performance index (φ′ = 2.85). Mortality rates were 0.7425 yr −1 , 0.3681 yr −1 and 0.3744yr −1 for total, natural and fishing mortality respectively. The currently exploitation rate E = 0.504. The length at first capture (L c ) was 27.5 (1.898 year). The results of age at first capture and the current exploitation rate indicated that the small fish were caught at higher fishing effort level. The current mesh size should be increased in order to increase the t c to 2.5 year which achieves the highest yield at current fishing effort. Thus, the current effort of M. cephalus should be stabilized at increase of t c to 2.5 year and if possible should be reduced. So, fishers must searching for a way to catch fish bigger than 31 cm with no increase in fishing effort but must reduce of fishing effort. Also, adjustment work in the mesh size of fishing nets to catch fish larger than 31 cm (fish at mature stage).
Colpophyllia natans From Tobago, a Novel Paleoclimate Archive for Reconstructing Sea Surface Temperature in the Tropical Atlantic

Massive, long‐lived Siderastrea and Diploria corals are species commonly used for sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructions in the North Atlantic. However, they are rarely found to exceed 200 years in age. Thus, it is imperative to continuously develop alternative taxa for paleoreconstructions. Colpophyllia natans, a highly populous tropical North Atlantic coral, are known to grow large colonies, potentially containing environmental records spanning several hundreds of years. However, its low density and complicated architecture poses a challenge in extracting climate signals from this coral. This study presents the first monthly‐resolved climate calibration of Colpophyllia natans and validates its utility as a new paleoarchive, relative to Siderastrea siderea. Linear regressions of monthly and interannual coral Sr/Ca with instrumental SST reveal robust, significant relationships (p < 0.05), indicating that microsampling along a single thecal wall of C. natans allowed for robust climate reconstructions. Additionally, both corals capture similar SST variations (t‐test, p ≥ 0.05), which allowed for the generation of a single, composite interspecies SST record that correlates with instrumental SST even more strongly (p < 0.0001) than the individual corals. Mean annual and boreal summer interspecies SST correlate significantly with North Atlantic SST indices (p < 0.05), demonstrating the ability to capture regional, long‐term SST trends in the North Atlantic. Spatial correlation maps of boreal winter interspecies SST to instrumental SST and geopotential height anomalies reveal coherent spatial patterns linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation. Our findings suggest that Colpophyllia natans has enormous potential as a new paleoclimate archive for reconstructing temporal and spatial SST variability in the tropical Atlantic.
Client-therapist temporal congruence in perceiving immediate therapist self-disclosure and its association with treatment outcome

Abstract Objective: Immediate therapist self-disclosure (Im-TSD) can be a powerful intervention. When engaged in judiciously, it can provide clients with a unique opportunity to explore their interpersonal relationship in real time. Relational theories suggest that for Im-TSD to be effective, both client and therapist must have temporally congruent perceptions of its occurrence. The present study examined (a) whether clients and therapists are temporally congruent in their session-by-session ratings of Im-TSD; and (b) whether this congruence is associated with therapy outcomes. Method: After each session, clients (n = 102) and therapists (n = 60) at a university-based clinic indicated whether Im-TSD was present during the session. Before each session, clients self-reported their functioning. They rated session quality after each session. Results: Therapists’ ratings of their Im-TSD tended to be temporally congruent with their clients’ Im-TSD ratings. Greater temporal congruvdence was associated with greater improvement over time in clients’ experience of the session as helpful, but not with changes in clients’ functioning. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of establishing a stronger temporal congruence of Im-TSD ratings between therapists and clients to further improve clients’ experiences in treatment. The findings’ implications are discussed as well as situations in which temporal congruence may not be beneficial.
How Does Learner-Centered Education Affect Madrasah Teachers' Pedagogic Competence?

Various studies illustrate that pedagogical competence is studied more psychologically in the learning process but has not revealed the strengthening of project-based learning in madrasa teacher learning. This study analyze whether increasing the use of project-based learning (PBL) by madrasah edago teachers in Indonesia improves the pedagogic competence of madrasah teachers in learning. This type of research is experimental and uses a quasi-experimental method. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. The technique used to analyze the data is descriptive qualitative analysis, quantitative and statistical inferential. The subjects of this study are teachers from these madrasas who teach one of the four core subjects of Islamic religious education in total of 139 teachers. The result of the study is that the pedagogic competence of madrasah teachers is only considered a determinant of the teaching practice of Islamic religious education. However, we found that the pedagogic competence of madrasah teachers can be positively influenced by the increased use of PBL in learning. Among the madrasah teacher pedagogic competence subscales, PBL positively relates to student engagement and teaching and learning. Analysis using student data shows that students’ positive responses to Islamic religious education learning practices can mediate the relationship between PBL and the pedagogic competence of madrasa teachers. This research has implications for developing the PBL model in improving the pedagogic competence of madrasa teachers in learning Islamic religious education.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease burden: doing better at getting better

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is classified as a multigenic, multifactorial, and heterogeneous neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory disease that slays especially upper and lower motor neurons controlling voluntary muscle activity. After the insurgence that is characterized by typical symptoms such as weakness in the limbs and muscle twitches, the disease rapidly evolves into progressive muscle atrophy, paralysis, and lastly death occurring by respiratory failure usually within 2–4 years of diagnosis. ALS is now understood as a multisystem and broadspectrum motor neuron disease largely variable in presentation and outcomes, also showing extra-motor deficits such as extrapyramidal, t h a l a m i c , c e re b e l l a r, a n d s e n s o r y n e r ve abnormalities, in addition to comorbid cognitivebehavioral instabilities and psychiatric symptoms. Approximately 15% of ALS patients are also reported suffering from frontotemporal dementia. Concomitant immunological irregularities and gut dysbiosis are often observed. The autonomic nervous system is also involved in the disease, since patients die of sudden death when they lose their ability to compensate for cardiorespiratory arrest. It clearly emerges that a disease like ALS impacts multiple systems throughout the body, and it is not just a neurological disorder.