Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Focal Muscle Vibration in the Recovery of Neuromotor Hypofunction: A Systematic Review

Adequate physical recovery after trauma, injury, disease, a long period of hypomobility, or simply ageing is a difficult goal because rehabilitation protocols are long-lasting and often cannot ensure complete motor recovery. Therefore, the optimisation of rehabilitation procedures is an important target to be achieved. The possibility of restoring motor functions by acting on proprioceptive signals by unspecific repetitive muscle vibration, focally applied on single muscles (RFV), instead of only training muscle function, is a new perspective, as suggested by the effects on the motor performance evidenced by healthy persons. The focal muscle vibration consists of micro-stretching-shortening sequences applied to individual muscles. By repeating such stimulation, an immediate and persistent increase in motility can be attained. This review aims to show whether this proprioceptive stimulation is useful for optimising the rehabilitative process in the presence of poor motor function. Papers reporting RFV effects have evidenced that the motor deficits can be counteracted by focal vibration leading to an early and quick complete recovery. The RFV efficacy has been observed in various clinical conditions. The motor improvements were immediate and obtained without loading the joints. The review suggests that these protocols can be considered a powerful new advantage to enhance traditional rehabilitation and achieve a more complete motor recovery.
IL-15 armoring enhances the antitumor efficacy of claudin 18.2-targeting CAR-T cells in syngeneic mouse tumor models

Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2)-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells are one of the few cell therapies currently producing an impressive therapeutic effect in treating solid tumors; however, their long-term therapeutic efficacy is not satisfactory with a short duration of response. Transgenic expression of interleukin (IL)-15 has been reported to promote T-cell expansion, survival, and function and enhance the antitumor activity of engineered T cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether IL-15 modification would increase the antitumor activity of CLDN18.2-targeting CAR-modified T (CAR-T) cells in immunocompetent murine tumor models. CLDN18.2-specific CAR-T cells with (H9 CAR-IL15) or without transgenic IL-15 expression (H9 CAR) were generated by retroviral transduction of mouse splenic T cells. In vitro, compared with H9 CAR T cells, H9 CAR-IL15 T cells exhibited better expansion and viability in the absence of antigen stimulation, with a less differentiated and T-cell exhausted phenotype; although IL-15 modification did not affect the production of effector cytokines and cytotoxic activity in the short-term killing assay, it moderately improved the in vitro recursive killing activity of CAR-T cells against CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. In vivo, H9 CAR T cells showed no antitumor activity against CLDN18.2-expressing pancreatic tumors in immunocompetent mice without lymphodepleting pretreatment; however, H9 CAR-IL15 T cells produced significant tumor-suppressive effects. Furthermore, H9 CAR-IL15 T cells exhibited greater in vivo expansion and tumor infiltration when combined with lymphodepleting preconditioning, resulting in superior antitumor activity in two murine tumor models and a survival advantage in one tumor model. We further demonstrated that recurrent tumors following H9 CAR-IL15 T-cell therapy downregulated CLDN18.2 expression, suggesting immune escape through the selection of antigen-negative cells under persistent CAR-T-cell immune pressure. In conclusion, our findings provide preclinical evidence supporting the clinical evaluation of IL-15-expressing CLDN18.2 CAR-T cells in patients with CLDN18.2-positive tumors.
Parsimonious higher order Markov models for rating transitions

We propose several parsimonious models for higher order Markov chains, applied to the study of municipal rating migrations in credit risk. In full parameterized Markov chain models, the number of parameters increases very rapidly as the order in the Markov chain grows and this can yield biased estimates when certain sequences of states are rare. For some processes, as in the case of credit ratings, this problem is accentuated because the transitions between distant states are unlikely (persistent transitions). We introduce the short and long persistence models and compare them with the full parameterized Markov chain, achieving a better fit with a lower number of parameters. Furthermore, downgrade momentum effects are found in the rating process, which are consistent with recent empirical findings.
Application of The Think Pair and Share on Writing Skills of Story Text in Class X SMA Students

This study was conducted to determine the application of the think, pair, and share models to the skills of writing saga texts. The method used when researching experimental methods is to determine the application of the think pair and share learning model in the experimental class with the ordinary learning model in the control class. Collecting data using pre-test and post-test in the control and experimental classes. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 24 application by looking at the scores obtained by the students, the normality test to determine whether the class was usually distributed, and finally, the t-test to determine the application of the think, pair, and share model to determine the students' scores. The mean score of the control class in the initial test was 77.53 and the final test was 79.97. The result of the average value of the experimental class in the initial test was 79.94 and in the final test. get 82.28. Based on the results of the normality test obtained 0.200 data indicates that the distribution is normal. The t-test obtained data 0.000 <0.05, meaning that H0 was rejected and Haa accepted, so implementing the think, pair, and share model on the skills of writing saga texts was affected.
Locomotion inside a surfactant-laden drop at low surface Péclet numbers

We investigate the dynamics of a swimming microorganism inside a surfactant-laden drop for axisymmetric configurations under the assumptions of small Reynolds number and small surface Péclet number $(Pe_{s})$ . Expanding the variables in $Pe_{s}$ , we solve the Stokes equations for the concentric configuration using Lamb’s general solution, while the dynamic equation for the stream function is solved in the bipolar coordinates for the eccentric configurations. For a two-mode squirmer inside a drop, the surfactant redistribution can either increase or decrease the magnitude of swimmer and drop velocities, depending on the value of the eccentricity. This was explained by analysing the influence of surfactant redistribution on the thrust and drag forces acting on the swimmer and the drop. The far-field representation of a surfactant-covered drop enclosing a pusher swimmer at its centre is a puller; the strength of this far field is reduced due to the surfactant redistribution. The advection of surfactant on the drop surface leads to a time-averaged propulsion of the drop and the time-reversible swimmer that it engulfs, thereby causing them to escape from the constraints of the scallop theorem. We quantified the range of parameters for which an eccentrically stable configuration can be achieved for a two-mode squirmer inside a clean drop. The surfactant redistribution shifts this eccentrically stable position towards the top surface of the drop, although this shift is small.
Dysregulation of Histone Deacetylases Inhibits Trophoblast Growth during Early Placental Development Partially through TFEB-Dependent Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway

Dysregulated biological behaviors of trophoblast cells can result in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA)—whose underlying etiology still remains insufficient. Autophagy, a conserved intracellular physiological process, is precisely monitored throughout whole pregnancy. Although the exact mechanism or role remains elusive, epigenetic modification has emerged as an important process. Herein, we found that a proportion of RSA patients exhibited higher levels of autophagy in villus tissues compared to controls, accompanied with impaired histone deacetylase (HDAC) expression. The purpose of this study is to explore the connection between HDACs and autophagy in the pathological course of RSA. Mechanistically, using human trophoblast cell models, treatment with HDAC inhibitor (HDACI)-trichostatin A (TSA) can induce autophagy by promoting nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of the central autophagic regulator transcription factor EB (TFEB). Specifically, overactivated autophagy is involved in the TSA-driven growth inhibition of trophoblast, which can be partially reversed by the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) or RNA interference of TFEB. In summary, our results reveal that abnormal acetylation and autophagy levels during early gestation may be associated with RSA and suggest the potential novel molecular target TFEB for RSA treatment.
Association of Hyper-Triglyceridemic Waist Phenotype and Diabetic Vascular Complication in the Chinese Population

Background Diabetic vascular complications are the leading cause of crippling and death of diabetic patients and seriously affect patients’ quality of life. It is essential to control the risk factors contributing to vascular complications in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to examine the association between hyper-triglyceridemic waist phenotype (HWP) and the risk of vascular complication index of diabetes in T2DM patients. Methods The participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this study registered at the National Metabolic Management Center (MMC) of Beijing Luhe Hospital from June 2017 to June 2021. Data were collected by trained personnel according to the protocol. The questionnaire containing information on demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors (including alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking et al) was administered by trained interviewers. Logistic regression analysis assessing the associations between the hyper-triglyceridemic waist phenotype and vascular complication index of diabetes. In addition, the subgroup analysis was performed by age, sex, HbA1c, hypertension or not, and education level. Results After data cleaning, a total of 3221 participants with T2DM were enrolled. The median (IQR) duration of diabetes was 47.00 (3.00, 125.00) months. Compared to the participants in the Normal triglycerides level and Normal waist circumference group (NTNW), those in the Elevated triglycerides level and Enlarged waist circumference group (HTGW) have a higher risk of CKD-related vascular complications; the OR of decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and elevated urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) were 2.21 (95% CI:1.32–3.82) and 2.18 (95% CI:1.69–2.81), respectively. Moreover, compared to the participants in the NTNW group, the ORs of the decreased ankle-brachial index (ABI) and elevated Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were 2.24 (95% CI:1.38–3.80) and 1.63 (95% CI:1.28–2.06) in the HTGW group. Conclusion In summary, there was an association between hyper-triglyceridemic waist phenotype and diabetic vascular complications in the Chinese population.
STEM Effect In Problem Solving: A Meta Analysis

The STEM approach to learning helps prepare students with the skills needed for the future. Concrete and real-world problems can be solved by training students in STEM education. This research aims to analyze the influence of STEM on problem-solving abilities in education. The research method used is meta-analysis. The research process begins with determining the topic, data criteria, article search, data classification, analysis, and conclusion. The topic used is STEM and problem-solving, and the data criteria used are effect sizes. Articles used in the analysis are published in Scopus-indexed journals, ERIC, DOAJ, and SINTA-accredited journals. The articles analyzed are from the years 2018-2023. The result of the study shows that the use of STEM has a significant impact, with an average effect size of 1,709. STEM education has a very large influence on problem-solving abilitie.
Key factors affecting Industry 4.0 adoption: An empirical study in Hungarian manufacturing companies

Over the past decade, Industry 4.0 technologies have spread in space and time to varying extents, this being influenced by many factors. Evaluating some of these is the main aim of this study, as they have received little attention so far. Based on the experiences of empirical research (questionnaire survey) carried out in a peripherally located, traditional industrial area of Hungary and using statistical methods, the main significance of the study is that it highlights that sectoral affiliation, the internal organisation of companies and the geographical location of their sites, as well as their social and economic environment, all contribute to the intensity of technological change.
Fabrication and Piezoelectric Characterization of Single Crystalline GaN Nanobelts

GaN nanobelts are synthesized using the chemical vapor deposition method with the catalyst of Ni. The microstructure, composition and photoluminescence property are characterized by x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectra. The results demonstrate that the single crystalline GaN nanobelts are grown with a hexagonal wurtzite structure, in width ranging from 500 nm to 2 μm and length up to 10–20 μm. Moreover, a large piezoelectric coefficient d33 of 20 pm/V is obtained from GaN nanobelts by an atomic force microscopy and the high piezoelectric property implies that the perfect single crystallinity and the freedom of dislocation for the GaN nanobelt have significant impact on the electromechanical response.
Regulation of miRNA expression by α4β1 integrin‐dependent multiple myeloma cell adhesion

The α4β1 integrin regulates the trafficking of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and contributes to MM disease progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can have both tumor suppressor and oncogenic roles and thus are key controllers of tumor evolution, and have been associated with different phases of MM pathogenesis. Using small RNAseq analysis, we show here that α4β1‐dependent MM cell adhesion regulates the expression of forty different miRNAs, therefore expanding our current view of the α4β1 involvement in MM cell biology. Specific upregulation of miR‐324‐5p and miR‐331‐3p in cells attached to α4β1 ligands was confirmed upon silencing the α4 integrin subunit, and their increased levels found to be dependent on Erk1/2‐ and PI3K‐Akt‐, but not Src‐dependent signaling. Enhanced miR‐324‐5p expression upon α4β1‐mediated MM cell adhesion aimed the hedgehog (Hh) component SMO, revealing that the miR‐324‐5p‐SMO module represents a α4β1‐regulated pathway that could control Hh‐dependent cellular responses in myeloma. Our results open new therapy research avenues around the α4β1 contribution to MM progression that deserve to be investigated.
Spectroscopic characterization of H 2 and D 2 helicon plasmas generated by a resonant antenna for neutral beam applications in fusion

A new generation of neutral beam systems will be required in future fusion reactors, such as DEMO, able to deliver high power (up to 50 MW) with high (800 keV or higher) neutral energy. Only negative ion beams may be able to attain this performance, which has encouraged a strong research focus on negative ion production from both surface and volumetric plasma sources. A novel helicon plasma source, based on the resonant birdcage network antenna configuration, is currently under study at the Swiss Plasma Centre before installation on the Cybele negative ion source at the Institute for Magnetic Fusion Research, CEA, Cadarache, France. This source is driven by up to 10 kW at 13.56 MHz, and is being tested on a linear resonant antenna ion device. Passive spectroscopic measurements of the first three Balmer lines α, β and γ and of the Fulcher-α bands were performed with an f/2 spectrometer, for both hydrogen and deuterium. Multiple viewing lines and an absolute intensity calibration were used to determine the plasma radiance profile, with a spatial resolution <3 mm. A minimum Fisher regularization algorithm was applied to obtain the absolute emissivity profile for each emission line for cylindrical symmetry, which was experimentally confirmed. An uncertainty estimate of the inverted profiles was performed using a Monte Carlo approach. Finally, a radiofrequency-compensated Langmuir probe was inserted to measured the electron temperature and density profiles. The absolute line emissivities are interpreted using the collisional–radiative code YACORA which estimates the degree of dissociation and the distribution of the atomic and molecular species, including the negative ion density. This paper reports the results of a power scan up to 5 kW in conditions satisfying Cybele requirements for the plasma source, namely a low neutral pressure, p⩽0.3 Pa and magnetic field B⩽150 G.
Impact of Standardised Patient Simulation Training on Clinical Competence, Knowledge, and Attitudes in Mental Health Nursing Education

BACKGROUND: The limited practical placement opportunities in mental health care often induce uncertainty among nursing students. To ameliorate this, simulation training, especially with standardized patients (SPs), is employed to promote clinical competence, allowing students to navigate the complexities associated with mental health nursing, including stigma and stereotypes. OBJECTIVE: This systematic literature review primarily aims to explore and synthesise the studies in simulation education research conducted related to the effects of SPs on clinical competence, knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate pre-registration mental health nursing students. METHODS: following the systematic literature review approach, a comprehensive search was conducted across five electronic databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus. The PICO model guided the identification of search terms. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) evaluated study quality. RESULTS: Ten studies were included, all examining the impact of SP simulations on undergraduate nursing students. Of these, five evaluated confidence and anxiety levels, while two assessed competence and satisfaction. Other aspects such as motivation, preparation, knowledge, communication skills, and critical thinking were examined individually. The collective results indicate SP simulation as a potentially efficacious strategy for enhancing competencies in graduate nursing education. CONCLUSION: Across all studies, SPs in simulation methods exerted a positive influence on mental health nursing education, bolstering students' preparation for clinical practice by reducing anxiety and fostering confidence, competence, knowledge, and communication skills. However, limitations including insufficient supervision, small sample sizes, homogenous samples, and absence of control groups were present in all studies. Future research should address these issues to fortify evidence supporting the use of SPs in mental health nursing education. RECOMMENDATIONS: Further robust, experimental research with larger sample sizes and validated assessment tools is needed to corroborate these findings and explore the effects of SP simulations on a wider array of learning outcomes.
Cross sections of low energy (p,γ) and (p,n)-reactions on selenium isotopes for the astrophysical γ-process

The cross sections of the proton radiative captures Se(p, γ)Br, Se(p, γ)Br, and Se(p, γ)Br as well as the threshold Se(p, n)Br and Se(p, n)Br reactions have been measured in the astrophysical relevant energy range (up to 3.6 MeV) using the Kharkiv and Debrecen Van de Graaff accelerators and thin targets of enriched selenium isotopes. The activation technique using high resolution gamma spectrometry of reaction products was applied to determine the cross sections of the above reactions. Astrophysical S-factors and reaction rates were derived from the experimental values of the cross sections. The experimental data are compared with the earlier measurements if available and with the statistical theory predictions using the NON-SMOKER computer code with the standard parameter set. Good agreement was found in general.
An entrainment model for lazy turbulent plumes

An entrainment model for lazy turbulent plumes is proposed, the resulting solutions of the plume conservation equations are developed and the implications for plume behaviour are considered and compared with the available experimental data. Indeed, the applicability of the classic solutions of the conservation equations subject to source conditions that produce lazy plumes, i.e. those with suitably high source Richardson number, contains an essential weakness: the underlying assumption of a constant entrainment coefficient. While entrainment models prescribing the dependence of the entrainment coefficient on the local Richardson number have been proposed for forced plumes, corresponding formulations for lazy plumes have not until now been considered. In the context of saline plumes, the model is applied directly. For hot gaseous plumes, we use a modified definition of buoyancy flux to recover a constant buoyancy flux in a non-stratified environment, despite the specific heat varying with the temperature. After a brief review of existing forced-plume formulations of entrainment, a power-law variation is adopted for the lazy plume. The plume equations are solved for the parameter $0\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D714}<1$ , where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ denotes the exponent of the power law. The cases of pure plumes and lazy plumes are then analysed in more detail; to the best of our knowledge this represents the first modelling of variable entrainment for lazy plumes. Specifically, it is shown that classic plume theory is recovered for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}=0$ , while for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}=1/5$ the plume equations may be solved using usual functions (notably polynomials) only. The results of the models for these cases are very similar, which advocates the idea of selecting systematically $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}=1/5$ , instead of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}=0$ , for cases where the effect of variation of entrainment is weak, since the new model leads to simple calculations. In the case of very lazy plumes, it is shown that, provided that a relevant value of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ is chosen, the new model reproduces the available experimental results well.
Experimental Investigation on Churning Power Loss of Splash Lubricated Worm Gear

Churning power losses are a complex phenomenon that produces critical power losses when considering the splash lubrication of gear units. This article describes the method to investigate the churning power loss in a worm gearbox. A particular test rig was designed and fabricated to experiment on single start worm gear incompletely submerged in an oil bath. The direct torque measurement technique was used to determine the churning power losses. Experiments have been conducted to determine the impact of a variety of operating conditions on churning power losses, including worm speeds, gear immersion depth, lubricant temperatures, and lubricant type (mineral and synthetic). It was found that the churning losses were significantly affected by the worm shaft orientation, speed of gear, and the depth of immersion (static head). The lubricant's temperature is more essential than the type of lubricant in terms of churning power loss.