Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Observations of the Structure and Evolution of Hurricane Edouard (2014) during Intensity Change. Part I: Relationship between the Thermodynamic Structure and Precipitation

AbstractThe structural evolution of the inner core and near environment throughout the life cycle of Hurricane Edouard (2014) is examined using a synthesis of airborne and satellite measurements. This study specifically focuses on the precipitation evolution and thermodynamic changes that occur on the vortex scale during four periods: when Edouard was a slowly intensifying tropical storm, another while a rapidly intensifying hurricane, during the initial stages of weakening after reaching peak intensity, and later while experiencing moderate weakening in the midlatitudes. Results suggest that, in a shear-relative framework, a wavenumber-1 asymmetry exists whereby the downshear quadrants consistently exhibit the greatest precipitation coverage and highest relative humidity, while the upshear quadrants (especially upshear right) exhibit relatively less precipitation coverage and lower humidity, particularly in the midtroposphere. Whether dynamically or precipitation driven, the relatively dry layers upshear.
Dasatinib and Trametinib Promote Anti-Tumor Metabolic Activity

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm, and despite its overall high survival rate, patients with metastatic disease or tumors that resist radioactive iodine experience a significantly worse prognosis. Helping these patients requires a better understanding of how therapeutics alter cellular function. Here, we describe the change in metabolite profiles after treating thyroid cancer cells with the kinase inhibitors dasatinib and trametinib. We reveal alterations to glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and amino acid levels. We also highlight how these drugs promote short-term accumulation of the tumor-suppressive metabolite 2-oxoglutarate, and demonstrate that it reduces the viability of thyroid cancer cells in vitro. These results show that kinase inhibition profoundly alters the metabolome of cancer cells and highlight the need to better understand how therapeutics reprogram metabolic processes, and ultimately, cancer cell behavior.
Sevoflurane Exposure in Neonates Perturbs the Expression Patterns of Specific Genes That May Underly the Observed Learning and Memory Deficits

Exposure to commonly used anesthetics leads to neurotoxic effects in animal models—ranging from cell death to learning and memory deficits. These neurotoxic effects invoke a variety of molecular pathways, exerting either immediate or long-term effects at the cellular and behavioural levels. However, little is known about the gene expression changes following early neonatal exposure to these anesthetic agents. We report here on the effects of sevoflurane, a commonly used inhalational anesthetic, on learning and memory and identify a key set of genes that may likely be involved in the observed behavioural deficits. Specifically, we demonstrate that sevoflurane exposure in postnatal day 7 (P7) rat pups results in subtle, but distinct, memory deficits in the adult animals that have not been reported previously. Interestingly, when given intraperitoneally, pre-treatment with dexmedetomidine (DEX) could only prevent sevoflurane-induced anxiety in open field testing. To identify genes that may have been altered in the neonatal rats after sevoflurane and DEX exposure, specifically those impacting cellular viability, learning, and memory, we conducted an extensive Nanostring study examining over 770 genes. We found differential changes in the gene expression levels after exposure to both agents. A number of the perturbed genes found in this study have previously been implicated in synaptic transmission, plasticity, neurogenesis, apoptosis, myelination, and learning and memory. Our data thus demonstrate that subtle, albeit long-term, changes observed in an adult animal’s learning and memory after neonatal anesthetic exposure may likely involve perturbation of specific gene expression patterns.
CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HEPATIC LYMPHOMAS: A RETROSPECTIVE SINGLE-CENTER STUDY.

BACKGROUND The incidence of hepatic lymphoma has been increasing recently and diagnosis can be challenging as clinical presentation and radiological findings are usually variable and non-specific. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to describe their main clinical, pathological and imaging characteristics and identify poor prognostic factors. METHODS A retrospective study that included all patients with histological diagnosis of liver lymphoma over a 10-year period at our center was performed. RESULTS A total of 36 patients were identified, with mean age of 56.6 years and male predominance (58%). There were three patients with primary liver lymphoma (8.3%) and 33 with secondary liver lymphoma (91.7%). The most common histological type was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (33.3%). The most common clinical manifestations included fever, lymphadenopathy, weight loss, night sweats and abdominal discomfort; three patients (11.1%) were asymptomatic. Computed tomography scan revealed heterogenous radiological patterns including a single nodule (26.5%), multiple nodules (41.2%) or diffuse infiltration (32.4%). The mortality rate during follow-up was 55.6%. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (P=0.031) and absence of treatment response (P<0.001) were significantly associated with higher mortality. CONCLUSION Hepatic lymphoma is a rare disease that may involve liver as part of a systemic disease or, less commonly, be confined to this organ. Clinical presentation and radiological findings are often variable and non-specific. It is associated with high mortality and poor prognostic factors include higher levels of C-reactive protein and absence of response to treatment.
Event-triggered remote state estimation over a collision channel with incomplete information

This paper investigates the stochastic event-triggered remote state estimation problem over a collision channel. The remote estimator does not have the knowledge of the measurement in the case of collision and the origin of the data packet in the case of successful transmission, resulting in the non-Gaussianity of the estimation process in the two cases. By using a commonly used Gaussian approximation method, the posterior distribution of the system state is proved to be a mixture of two Gaussians and a mixture of three Gaussians in the cases of collision and successful transmission, respectively. Then an approximate minimum mean squared error estimator with adaptive weights is proposed, and the weights convexly combine the estimates for the possible transmission situations. Moreover, the proposed estimator is also shown to be conventional forms under three extreme situations. Finally, numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed estimator based on the incomplete information.
NACA 0015 Wing Pressure and Trailing Vortex Measurements

Abstract : A NACA 0015 semispan wing was placed in a low-speed wind tunnel, and measurements were made of the pressure on the upper and lower surface of the wing and of the velocity across the vortex trailing downstream from the tip of the wing. Pressure data were obtained for both 2D and 3D configurations. These data feature a detailed comparison between wing tips with square and round lateral edges. A two-component laser velocimeter was used to measure velocity profiles across the vortex at numerous stations behind the wing and for various combinations of conditions. These conditions include three aspect ratios, three chord lengths, a square- and a round-lateral tip, presence or absence of a boundary-layer trip, and three image plane positions located opposite the wing tip. Both pressure and velocity measurements were made for angles of attack of 4 deg less then or equal to alpha less then or equal to 12 deg and for Reynolds. numbers of 1 x 10 deg less then or equal to Re less then or equal to 3 x 10 deg. The addition of a round-lateral edge to the wing Up was found to eliminate the secondary vortex near the wing Up, but had little effect on the downs characteristics of the trailing vortex. The increase in wing lift near the Lip because of the presence of the trailing vortex was evident in the surface pressure, but was not captured by circulation-box measurements. The circumferential velocity within the vortex was found to reach free-stream values and produce core rotational speeds as high as 44,000 rpm. The streamwise velocity within the viscous wake that is shed from the wing was observed to form islands of peak velocity in the spiraling sheet that feeds into the trailing vortex.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan, Kepercayaan, dan Citra Koperasi Terhadap Kepuasan Anggota

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuaasan anggota koperasi, mengetahui pengaruh kepercayaan terhadap kepuasan anggota koperasi, dan mengetahui pengaruh citra koperasi terhadap kepuasan anggota koperasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Sumber data penelitian diperoleh dari angket yang diberikan pada pengurus dan anggota koperasi gapoktan sumber tani. Subjek penelitian adalah adalah anggota koperasi gapoktan sumber tani sedangkan objek penelitiannya adalah kualitas pelayaanan, kepercayaan, dan citra koperasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif. Statistik deskriptif merupakan teknik analisis statistik statistik yang cara menganalisisnya dengan cara cara mendeskripsikan dan menggambarkan data dari data-data yang sudah terkumpul. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah ada pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara kualitas pelayanan, kepercayaan, dan citra koperasi terhadap kepuasan pelanggan.
Ketamine and the Disinhibition Hypothesis: Neurotrophic Factor-Mediated Treatment of Depression

Ketamine is a promising alternative to traditional pharmacotherapies for major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, and other psychiatric conditions that heavily contribute to the global disease burden. In contrast to the current standard of care medications for these disorders, ketamine offers rapid onset, enduring clinical efficacy, and unique therapeutic potential for use in acute, psychiatric emergencies. This narrative presents an alternative framework for understanding depression, as mounting evidence supports a neuronal atrophy and synaptic disconnection theory, rather than the prevailing monoamine depletion hypothesis. In this context, we describe ketamine, its enantiomers, and various metabolites in a range of mechanistic actions through multiple converging pathways, including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) inhibition and the enhancement of glutamatergic signaling. We describe the disinhibition hypothesis, which posits that ketamine’s pharmacological action ultimately results in excitatory cortical disinhibition, causing the release of neurotrophic factors, the most important of which is brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF-mediated signaling along with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) subsequently give rise to the repair of neuro-structural abnormalities in patients with depressive disorders. Ketamine’s efficacious amelioration of treatment-resistant depression is revolutionizing psychiatric treatment and opening up fresh vistas for understanding the underlying causes of mental illness.
Spirituality bestowing self-transcendence amid COVID-19 through slow fashion

ABSTRACT We proposed and tested a conceptual model exploring how (i) COVID-stress evokes spirituality; (ii) COVID-stress and spirituality engender positive attitude toward the different dimensions of slow fashion (i.e. equity, authenticity, functionality, localism, and exclusivity) as a symbol of self-transcendence and (iii) spirituality mediates the relationships between COVID-stress and the different dimensions of slow fashion. We conducted an online survey in Amazon Mechanical Turk (n = 317) and analyzed the data through structural equation modeling. (i) COVID-stress positively influences spirituality; (ii) both COVID-stress and spirituality positively influence attitude toward slow fashion in terms of equity, authenticity, localism, and exclusivity; (iii) spirituality mediates the relationships between COVID-stress and all the dimensions of slow fashion except for functionality. Due to the fast-changing situations amid the pandemic and the uneven severity of the pandemic globally, a cross-sectional study may have limited the scope for capturing nuances of retail consumer behavior. In summary, we suggest that the consumption of slow fashion apparel as a symbol of self-transcendence may help consumers cope with COVID-stress in the hope of building spiritual ties with a higher power through the process of ethical consumption amid the pandemic.
Multiple-Symbol Differential Detection for Spatial Modulation

Approximately 3 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) loss is always paid with conventional Differential Spatial Modulation (DSM) as compared to coherent Spatial Modulation (SM). In this paper, a Multiple-Symbol Differential Detection (MSDD) technique is proposed for DSM systems to mitigate the loss due to differential detection. The new scheme can greatly narrow the 3 dB performance gap by extending the observation interval for differential decoding. The technique uses maximum-likelihood sequence detection instead of traditional symbol-by-symbol detection, and is carried out on the slow, flat Rayleigh fading channel. A generalized decision metric is derived for an observation interval of arbitrary length. It is shown that for a moderate number of symbols, MSDD provides approximately 1.5 dB performance improvement over the conventional differential detection. In addition, a closed-form pairwise error probability and approximate bit error probability (BEP) are derived for multiple-symbol differential spatial modulation. Results show that the theoretical BEP matches well the simulated one. The BEP is shown to converge asymptotically with the number of symbols in the observation interval to that of the differential scheme with coherent detection.
Comparing public school teachers’ attitudes toward stuttering in Bosnia & Herzegovina and Egypt

ABSTRACT Primarily, this study explored attitudes toward stuttering of public school teachers in two countries, Bosnia & Herzegovina (B&H) (n = 125) and Egypt (n = 58), in order to identify differences in stuttering attitudes, that may exist between the two samples. Secondarily, it compared teacher attitudes from B&H and Egypt with stuttering attitudes of non-teacher samples from these two countries as well as from teacher and non-teacher samples from other European and Middle Eastern countries. All samples utilized the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes – Stuttering (POSHA – S). Comparing mean ratings, teachers from B&H held significantly more positive (accurate and sensitive) stuttering attitudes than Egyptian teachers on a majority of POSHA – S items and summary scores. Lack of knowledge and geo-cultural differences between B&H and Egypt are likely major factors in explaining the differences observed. Teachers’ attitudes were no more positive than the attitudes of the public or parents in either country. They also confirmed a pattern from previous research showing more positive attitudes in European samples than Middle Eastern samples. Educating teachers about stuttering will contribute to creating a more favorable school environment for children who stutter.
Expression profile of interleukin-6, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α in women with breast cancer and their association with clinicopathological parameters

Introduction Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, representing a major public health burden. Therefore, there is a need to identify circulating biomarkers for the early detection of BC and to facilitate the diagnosis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) are biomarkers involved in the initiation and progression of this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of these molecules and to find a possible correlation with the clinicopathological parameters of patients with BC from western Algeria. Material and methods We evaluated the serum levels of IL-6, 4-HNE, and HIF-1α by ELISA technique and compare them in different age groups and BC molecular subtypes, and then correlated them with clinicopathological parameters. Results Our study revealed a significant increase in 4-HNE (p < 0.05), and a negative correlation (p < 0.05) was found between IL-6 serum levels and lymph node count, but not (p > 0.05) between 4-HNE, HIF-1α and lymph node count. No significant correlation (p > 0.05) was found between IL-6, 4-HNE, HIF-1α , and Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grade. Furthermore, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in serum levels of IL-6, 4-HNE, and HIF-1α in the different age groups and molecular subtypes of BC. Conclusions The data obtained show that the presence of lipid peroxidation (4-HNE) is a marker of oxidative stress, and that IL-6 is a good prognostic factor due to its negative effect on the number of lymph nodes. Furthermore, age and BC molecular subtypes do not influence the serum concentrations of IL-6,4-HNE, and HIF-1α.
A Retrospective Study of Epidemiological Correlations of Food, Drug and Chemical Poisoning in Al-Baha, Western Saudi Arabia

Poisoning is a common and severe problem worldwide. Due to significant growth in the agricultural, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries over the past few decades, poisoning risks have increased with the use of food, chemicals, and medicines everywhere in the world, especially in Saudi Arabia. Advanced information on acute poisoning patterns is critical for the effective management of poisoning events. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of patients with various patterns of acute poisoning, caused by food, drugs, and chemicals, that were reported to the Department of Toxicology and Poison Center at King Fahad Hospital and the Poison Center in Al-Baha Province, Saudi Arabia. The study also examined the relationship between demographic characteristics, including age, toxin type, and geographical distribution, and poisonings in Baha Province. This retrospective cross-sectional analysis included 622 poisoning cases. The data were collected from 2019 to 2022 and it was found that out of 622 instances, 159 had food poisoning, with more men than females sick (53.5% male and 46.5% female), 377 had drug poisoning (54.1% males and 45.9% females), and 86 had chemical poisoning (74.4% males and 25.6% females). This study found that the most prevalent agents implicated in acute poisoning were medicines, particularly analgesics and antipsychotic drugs. Food poisoning was the second most common acute poisoning, affecting largely males followed by female patients. Finally, chemical poisoning involved acute poisoning, with most cases involving methanol and household items including the strongest bleaches (chlorines) (Clorox®, Oakland, CA, USA). Insecticides and pesticides were also secondary sources of chemical poisoning. Additional research revealed that the incidence of food, chemical, and drug poisoning was highest in children aged 1–15 years (food poisoning, n = 105, 66%; drug poisoning, n = 120, 31.8%); patients aged 11–20 years had the highest incidence of chemical poisoning (n = 41, 47.7%). Most poisoning incidents among youngsters are caused by easy access to drugs at home. Implementing strategies to enhance public awareness and limit children’s access to drugs would contribute considerably to decreasing the community’s burden of this problem. The findings of this study suggest that Al-Baha should improve its education regarding the rational and safe use of drugs and chemicals.
Hostile interpretation as a transdiagnostic factor for cooccurring anxiety in boys with aggressive behavior problems

Manychildrenwithaggressivebehaviorproblemsalsosuffer from anxiety. This cooccurrence may perhaps be explained by transdiagnostic factors. Identifying these factors seems crucial,astheymaybeimportanttargetstotreatthesecooc-curring problems effectively. This two-study paper investigates whether hostile interpretation of others’ intentions is a transdiagnostic factor for cooccurring aggression and anxiety problems, examining two samples of boys in middle childhood. We assessed boys’ aggression and anxiety using teacher-report in Study 1 ( N = 84, M age = 10.10), and parent-report in Study 2 ( N = 115, M age = 10.55). In both studies, we assessed hostile interpretation using vignettes describing ambiguous provocations by peers. Both studies revealed a strong association between aggression and anxiety problems, underscoring the necessity to examine factors that can explain this cooccurrence. However, in neither study was this association reduced when we added hostile interpretation to the model
All-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Temperature Response of Poly(glycidyl ether)s with Oligooxyethylene Side Chains Terminated with Alkyl Groups

Recently, experimental investigations of a class of temperature-responsive polymers tethered to oligooxyethylene side chains terminated with alkyl groups have been conducted. In this study, aqueous solutions of poly(glycidyl ether)s (PGE) with varying numbers of oxyethylene units, poly(methyl(oligooxyethylene)n glycidyl ether) (poly(Me(EO)nGE)), and poly(ethyl(oligooxyethylene)n glycidyl ether) (poly(Et(EO)nGE) (n = 0, 1, and 2) were investigated by all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, focusing on the thermal responses of their chain extensions, the recombination of intrapolymer and polymer–water hydrogen bonds, and water-solvation shells around the alkyl groups. No clear relationship was established between the phase-transition temperature and the polymer-chain extensions unlike the case for the coil–globule transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). However, the temperature response of the first water-solvation shell around the alkyl group exhibited a notable correlation with the phase-transition temperature. In addition, the temperature at which the hydrophobic hydration shell strength around the terminal alkyl group equals the bulk water density (TCRP) was slightly lower than the cloud point temperature (TCLP) for the methyl-terminated poly(Me(EO)nGE) and slightly higher for the ethyl-terminated poly(Et(EO)nGE). It was concluded that the polymer-chain fluctuation affects the relationship between TCRP and TCLP.