Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adequate Antenatal Care Visits among Tribal Women in Bangladesh

Bangladesh Abstract: Maternal mortality is a global concern, and peaks in developing countries. Adequate antenatal care services (ANCs) are indispensable for the survival of both the mother and the fetus. A global phenomenon leads us to the idea that aboriginal communities are socially more disadvantaged than non-tribal communities worldwide. Hence, the scholarship determines the association of socio-economic standing and adequate use of ANC facilities by Bangladeshi tribal women. This study is a quantitative study using a convenient sampling method. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to obtain data on married women (n=556) between the ages of 15–49 who had children aged one year or under. The data were analyzed using the SPSS (version 20) S/W. Associations were developed using Chi-square testing and regression analysis was used in this research. Significance was determined at p-value <0.10. Results show that only 29.9% of pregnant tribal women sought ANC services, of which 13.5% visited a hospital for ANC services four times or more during pregnancy. A significant association between religion, age at first marriage, and family planning with adequate ANC services was observed. This study concludes that women’s education, occupation, state of economy, residence location, and distance from healthcare facilities all positively influence the adequate use of ANC services. Thus, upgrading socioeconomic status, decentralization of health facilities, strengthening family planning program and ensuring educational opportunities for women are recommended for adequate consumption of ANC services.
Anti-proliferative Efficiency of Pulsed Electric Field Treated Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Extracts on Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Our work includes the study of synergistic efficiency of turmeric crude extracts and electrical pulses on breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 (an Estrogen Receptor alpha positive, weakly invasive, luminal epithelial-like). We assessed the bioactive compounds present in this extract by qualitative phytochemical screening tests. The antioxidant, phenolic and anticancer activity of untreated and pulsed extracts were analyzed quantitatively. Here, ethanolic turmeric crude extracts were extracted by using conventional method and are subjected to varying electric field from 2.5 to 7.5 kV/cm with constant pulse interval and pulse duration as 100 ms and 100 µs, respectively, by using ECM830 Electroporator. Effect of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) on antioxidant, phenolic and anticancer activity of turmeric extract was studied and compared with the untreated extract. Antioxidant and phenolic activity were obtained by using DPPH assay and Folin–Ciocalteu Method respectively, in which the PEF treated extracts showed significantly higher activity than the untreated extracts. Electric pulses of high intensity, low duration (EP1 = 200 V/cm, 100 µs, 8 pulses) and low intensity high duration (EP2 = 500 V/cm, 20 ms, 8 pulses) are used in this study. Cell viabilities were measured after 24, 48 and 72 h of treatment. The results indicate cell viabilities of 19.41% (raw extract), 14.75% (pulsed extract), 13.28% (pulsed extract + EP1) and 9.982% (Pulsed extract + EP2) after 72 h of treatment for 1000 µg/ml concentration. This shows the potential of the synergistic effect of electric pulses+pulsed turmeric extracts as it achieved more cell death and hence, this treatment can be used as an effective treatment to treat breast cancer without any side effects.
Two‐agent scheduling with linear resource‐dependent processing times

This paper considers a two‐agent scheduling problem with linear resource‐dependent processing times, in which each agent has a set of jobs that compete with that of the other agent for the use of a common processing machine, and each agent aims to minimize the weighted number of its tardy jobs. To meet the due date requirements of the jobs of the two agents, additional amounts of a common resource, which may be in discrete or continuous quantities, can be allocated to the processing of the jobs to compress their processing durations. The actual processing time of a job is a linear function of the amount of the resource allocated to it. The objective is to determine the optimal job sequence and resource allocation strategy so as to minimize the weighted number of tardy jobs of one agent, while keeping the weighted number of tardy jobs of the other agent, and the total resource consumption cost within their respective predetermined limits. It is shown that the problem is NP ‐hard in the ordinary sense, and there does not exist a polynomial‐time approximation algorithm with performance ratio unless P=NP ; however it admits a relaxed fully polynomial time approximation scheme. A proximal bundle algorithm based on Lagrangian relaxation is also presented to solve the problem approximately. To speed up convergence and produce sharp bounds, enhancement strategies including the design of a Tabu search algorithm and integration of a Lagrangian recovery heuristic into the algorithm are devised. Extensive numerical studies are conducted to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
Postoperative mastoid cavity problems: a tertiary care centre experience

In 1873, Von Troltsch suggested that Schwartze’s simple mastoidectomy needed to modified to reduce persistent otorrhoea after initial surgery. Von Bergmann applied the term ‘radical’ to any procedure in which posterior and superior canal walls were removed. Bondy described a modification of this radical procedure in which superior and part of posterior wall were removed without disturbing intact tympanic membrane, ossicles or tympanic cavity. Introduction of tympanoplastic techniques by Zollner and Wullstein directed attention to reconstruction of sound conducting apparatus of middle ear and led to emergence of modified radical mastoidectomy (MRM).
Detection of Malicious Primary User Emulation Based on a Support Vector Machine for a Mobile Cognitive Radio Network Using Software-Defined Radio

Mobile cognitive radio networks provide a new platform to implement and adapt wireless cellular communications, increasing the use of the electromagnetic spectrum by using it when the primary user is not using it and providing cellular service to secondary users. In these networks, there exist vulnerabilities that can be exploited, such as the malicious primary user emulation (PUE), which tries to imitate the primary user signal to make the cognitive network release the used channel, causing a denial of service to secondary users. We propose a support vector machine (SVM) technique, which classifies if the received signal is a primary user or a malicious primary user emulation signal by using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and Rényi entropy of the energy signal as an input to the SVM. This model improves the detection of the malicious attacker presence in low SNR without the need for a threshold calculation, which can lead to false detection results, especially in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) where the threshold is more difficult to estimate because the signal limit values are very close in low SNR. It is implemented on a software-defined radio (SDR) testbed to emulate the environment of mobile system modulations, such as Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK) and OFDM. The SVM made a previous learning process to allow the SVM system to recognize the signal behavior of a primary user in modulations such as GMSK and OFDM and the SNR value, and then the received test signal is analyzed in real-time to decide if a malicious PUE is present. The results show that our solution increases the detection probability compared to traditional techniques such as energy or cyclostationary detection in low SNR values, and it detects malicious PUE signal in MCRN.
Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of life‐history variability for a south‐western cutthroat trout

A major goal in conservation is to preserve diversity across scales of biological organisation, from genetics to meta-communities. High genetic diversity promotes species resiliency through adaptive capacity (Healey, 2009), while ecological resiliency benefits from the direct relationship between species and functional diversity (Peterson, Allen, & Holling, 1998). Life-history trait expression represents an important source of diversity that can affect persistence of populations (Jager, 2001; Lande, 1988; Schindler et al., 2010) by stabilising populations subject to stochastic environmental conditions (Healey, 2009; Hutchings & Myers, 1994; Moore, Yeakel, Peard, Lough, & Beere, 2014). For example, asynchronous population dynamics among subpopulations in response to heterogeneous environmental conditions can improve resilience of an entire meta-population (Reed, Schindler, & Waples, 2011; Schindler et al., 2010). The extent to which habitat alterations and a changing climate may eliminate available habitats (e.g. loss of river main stems for mobile fish life-history forms, Williams, Haak, Neville, & Colyer, 2009) may exacerbate the extirpation risk for many species. This includes the loss of stabilising properties that accompany diverse life-history trait expression common in healthy populations Received: 5 August 2019 | Revised: 4 July 2020 | Accepted: 6 July 2020 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12567
Impact of the Climate Matters Program on Public Understanding of Climate Change

Climate Matters is a localized climate change reporting resources program developed to support television (TV) weathercasters across the United States. Developed as a pilot test in one media market in 2010, it launched nationwide in 2013; in the autumn of 2019 more than 797 weathercasters were participating in the program. In this paper we present evidence of the impact of the Climate Matters program on Americans’ science-based understanding of climate change. We analyzed three sets of data in a multilevel model: 20 nationally representative surveys of American adults conducted biannually since 2010 (n = 23 635), data on when and how frequently Climate Matters stories were aired in each U.S. media market, and data describing the demographic, economic, and climatic conditions in each media market. We hypothesized that 1) reporting about climate change by TV weathercasters will increase science-based public understanding of climate change and 2) this effect will be stronger for people who pay more attention to local weather forecasts. Our results partially support the first hypothesis: controlling for market-level factors (population size, temperature, political ideology, and economic prosperity) and individual-level factors (age, education, income, gender, and political ideology), there is a significant positive association between the amount of Climate Matters reporting and some key indicators of science-based understanding (including that climate change is occurring, is primarily human caused, and causes harm). However, there was no evidence for the second hypothesis. These findings suggest that climate reporting by TV weathercasters, as enabled by the Climate Matters program, may be increasing the climate literacy of the American people.
DNA Barcoding and Identification of Medicinal Plants in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Authentication of medicinally important plants is essential for increasingly demands of herbal remedies worldwide. DNA barcoding technology is currently gaining importance as a reliable tool for plant species identification, although one barcode gene is not enough in the exceptions. Short sequence diversity of standardized specific coding gene regions of rbcLa and matK of plastid genome together with noncoding ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) marker is used as barcode to compare and differentiate plant species. The success of obtaining sequences of the 29 analyzed plants distributed in 21 families using three different barcode genes rbcLa, matK and ITS2 were 97%, 79% and 75% respectively. Multiple sequence alignment confirmed the medicinal plants at species level by 89.28%, 86.32% and 60.86% obtained through rbcLa, ITS2 and matK barcodes sequences respectively. The genetic distance between sequence pairs (GD) and percentage identity (PI) is compared to analyze the plant identity at species level. The phylogenic trees constructed to show the relatedness and distance of the analyzed plants in the history of evolution by the analysis of richness of clades. The construction of DNA barcode library of desert medicinal plants is an introductory research arena in Kingdom of Bahrain in helping the routine identification of plants, and developing guidelines for detection of adulterants in herbal medicines as well as protection of biodiversity.
Multiple foci of commitment and employee silence: A role theory perspective

Voice enhances whereas employee silence compromises organizational effectiveness and efficiency. We assert that individuals with different foci of commitment vary in their conceptualization of voice behaviors as integral to their roles, which in turn, influences voice behaviors. Integrating silence and voice literatures under the overarching framework of role theory, we investigated the mediating role of voice role conceptualization in the relationship between multiple foci of commitment and employee silence and whether this mediation was moderated by perceptions of organizational politics. Data collected from 437 working adults from United States and China were used to test our moderated mediation model. Results indicated support for mediation and moderated mediation for the team commitment and silence relationship through its impact on voice role conceptualization, controlling for career commitment, and organizational commitment. We discuss implications of results for theory and practice, and offer suggestions for future research.
White Demographic Anxiety and Support for Torture of Terrorism Suspects

Abstract In this study I use a survey experiment to test whether the prospect of White demographic decline affects attitudes toward treatment of terrorism suspects. I find that when White subjects are informed that Whites are projected to become a demographic minority in the United States by 2060 they are more likely to approve of the use of torture on terrorism suspects. In contrast, White subjects who are informed that Whites are expected to remain a demographic majority through 2030 are not. I also find that the effect of White decline salience on support for torture of terror suspects is mediated through a heighted perception of threat due to terrorism.
No Evidence of Within-Domain Moral Licensing in the Environmental Domain

Several studies have suggested that people might be less likely to engage in proenvironmental behavior subsequent to their prior engagement in proenvironmental behavior. We have conducted a preregistered replication of one such recent study of within-domain licensing in the area of environmental protection. Our replication was extended with an analysis of self-perception as a potential mediator of licensing and environmental attitude as its moderator. The results of our web-based experiment (N = 1,765) show that recollection of past proenvironmental behavior does not diminish subsequent support of a proenvironmental energy policy or proenvironmental intention, and that environmental attitude does not moderate licensing. We only found some evidence of an indirect effect of recollection on subsequent policy support and proenvironmental intention, mediated by self-perception; the pattern of mediation is, however, inconsistent with the licensing theory. We have not replicated the licensing effect observed in the original study.
Solubility and availability of mieroraitrients in relation to phosphorus fertilization.

Availability of B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn in relation to excesses of Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ was studied with sour orange seedlings as indicators for induced interactions created in 19 different soils. To separate the effect of the carrier from that due to phosphorus, Ca(H₂PO₄)₂, H₃PO₄, KH₂PO₄, and NH₄H₂PO₄ sources were also used in a separate experiment. Chemical analyses of water extracts from the latter experiment provided the solubility data as controlled by excesses of P. Regardless of sources, excess P resulted in acute Cu deficiency; and in the case of acid soils, reduced uptake of B and Zn usually followed excess P fertilization. Excessive P fertilization of acid soils resulted in increased Mn and Mo uptake, whereas in alkaline soils excessive P reduced the availability of Mo. Solubility of Mn, B, and Mo Paralleled uptake data. Cu and Zn Solubilities were increased by excessive P fertilization. Mechanisms pertinent to the various P interactions are discussed with the major emphasis placed on P-Cu antagonism.
Ageing in place together: older parents and ageing offspring with intellectual disability

Abstract Limited research has been conducted about ageing in place among older parents who co-habit with their ageing offspring with intellectual disability (ID). This study aims to explore which older parents would choose ageing in place together with their ageing offspring with ID instead of moving and what factors are associated with this choice. A face-to-face interview was conducted using the ‘housing pathways’ framework with older parents (⩾60 years) co-habiting with their ageing offspring with ID (⩾40 years) from two local authorities in Taiwan. In total, 237 families completed our census survey between June and September 2015. The results showed that 61.6 per cent of the participants would choose ageing in place with their ageing offspring with ID, while 38.4 per cent of the participants would stay in their previous place without their disabled children, move in with their other children or move to a nursing home. Logistic regression analyses revealed that parents who preferred ageing in place together with their offspring with ID were more likely to own a house (‘personal control’), have higher levels of life satisfaction (‘self-esteem’) and satisfaction with their current community (‘self-identity’), and have a lower level of social support than parents who chose another option. To meet the needs of older parents and their ageing offspring with ID, care and housing transitions should be considered as part of long-term care policy.
Computational Prediction of the Epitopes of HA1 Protein of Influenza Viruses to its Neutralizing Antibodies

In this work, we have used a new method to predict the epitopes of HA1 protein of influenza virus to several antibodies HC19, CR9114, BH151 and 4F5. While our results reproduced the binding epitopes of H3N2 or H5N1 for the neutralizing antibodies HC19, CR9114, and BH151 as revealed from the available crystal structures, additional epitopes for these antibodies were also suggested. Moreover, the predicted epitopes of H5N1 HA1 for the newly developed antibody 4F5 are located at the receptor binding domain, while previous study identified a region 76-WLLGNP-81 as the epitope. The possibility of antibody recognition of influenza virus via different mechanism by binding to different epitopes of an antigen is also discussed.
Two new species and one new record of Kretzschmaria (Ascomycota, Xylariales) from Iran

Kretzschmaria hedjaroudei and Kretzschmaria iranica are described as new species based on collections from dead wood in northern Iran and on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogenetic data. Kretzschmaria hedjaroudei is phylogenetically close to Kretzschmaria deusta, from which it differs in its stromatal morphology, ascospore size and the size of the apical apparatus. Kretzschmaria iranica is similar to Kretzschmaria pavimentosa, but distinguishable by smaller ascospore size. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined matrix of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear rDNA and of α-actin (ACT1) gene sequences strongly support their status as two distinct new species within the genus Kretzschmaria. Moreover, Kretzschmaria zonata, a species previously only known from tropical countries, is encountered for the first time in Iran.
Multi-Step Solar Irradiance Forecasting and Domain Adaptation of Deep Neural Networks

The problem of forecasting hourly solar irradiance over a multi-step horizon is dealt with by using three kinds of predictor structures. Two approaches are introduced: Multi-Model ( MM ) and Multi-Output ( MO ). Model parameters are identified for two kinds of neural networks, namely the traditional feed-forward (FF) and a class of recurrent networks, those with long short-term memory (LSTM) hidden neurons, which is relatively new for solar radiation forecasting. The performances of the considered approaches are rigorously assessed by appropriate indices and compared with standard benchmarks: the clear sky irradiance and two persistent predictors. Experimental results on a relatively long time series of global solar irradiance show that all the networks architectures perform in a similar way, guaranteeing a slower decrease of forecasting ability on horizons up to several hours, in comparison to the benchmark predictors. The domain adaptation of the neural predictors is investigated evaluating their accuracy on other irradiance time series, with different geographical conditions. The performances of FF and LSTM models are still good and similar between them, suggesting the possibility of adopting a unique predictor at the regional level. Some conceptual and computational differences between the network architectures are also discussed.
Drinking “Green”: What Drives Organic Wine Consumption in an Emerging Wine Market

The global fever for wine demands concerted endeavors for understanding determinants of wine consumers’ purchase decisions. Applying the cognitive appraisal theory, this study aims to identify factors that motivate Chinese consumers to purchase organic wines by incorporating consumers’ values (i.e., health consciousness), cognitive evaluations (i.e., social trust), and affective references (i.e., positive emotion) into the conceptual model. Moreover, the moderating effect of product familiarity on the conceptual model is examined. A multistage data collection via multiple sample techniques was employed. A total of 1,745 responses were collected in a 2-year duration from all 33 Provincial Level Administrative Units in China. The findings confirm the significant role of the three antecedents on consumers’ purchase intention of organic wines, regardless of their product familiarity level. It is also found that the relative importance of the three antecedents to consumers’ purchase intention show different patterns for consumers with varying levels of product familiarity. Implications of the study are drawn based on the study findings.
Photosynthesis‐driven methane production in oxic lake water as an important contributor to methane emission

Recent discovery of methane (CH4) production in oxic waters challenges the conventional understanding of strict anoxic requirement for biological CH4 production. High‐resolution field measurements in Lake Stechlin, as well as incubation experiments, suggested that oxic‐water CH4 production occurred throughout much of the water column and was associated with phytoplankton especially diatoms, cyanobacteria, green algae, and cryptophytes. In situ concentrations and δ13C values of CH4 in oxic water were negatively correlated with soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations. Using 13C‐labeling techniques, we showed that bicarbonate was converted to CH4, and the production exceeded oxidation at day, but was comparable at night. These experimental data, along with complementary field observations, indicate a clear link between photosynthesis and the CH4 production‐consumption balance in phosphorus‐limited epilimnic waters. Comparison between surface CH4 emission data and experimental CH4 production rates suggested that the oxic CH4 source significantly contributed to surface emission in Lake Stechlin. These findings call for re‐examination of the aquatic CH4 cycle and climate predictions.