Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Web Reputation of Protected Areas as Tourism Destinations: a Case Study

The purpose of this study is to investigate the reasons why tourist inflows in three Italian protected areas, endowed with valuable natural and cultural heritage, are below their potential. These sites participate in the European Regional Development Project EXCOVER, that aims at developing sustainable tourism in underrated Adriatic areas. To this goal, it is important to investigate the reputation of the sites among the general public, especially in the imaginary of people who have never visited it, to understand and change what keeps tourists away. This task is brought about through a semantic analysis of online reviews, that are crucial in the construction of non-visitors’ imaginary about a destination and influence travel choices. Customers’ reviews are scraped from TripAdvisor through a code written on-purpose. Topics are modelled through an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, chosen because a consolidated theoretical model of destination reputation is still missing, so reviews are allowed to tell what is relevant to reviewers, without prior constraints. Moreover, to the exploratory aim of this study, online opinions are not considered as answers to predetermined questions, but as free instances of word-of-mouth. The resulting proxies of web reputation are compared across time and space, to get the information needed to devise effective tourism development strategies and marketing initiatives. The originality of this contribution lays in the investigation of the web reputation of protected areas still to be developed into tourism destination. Moreover, it may provide some hint useful to the formulation of a solid theoretical model of destination reputation.
Studies of the Virgo Cluster. I - Photometry of 109 galaxies near the cluster center to serve as standards

Attention is given to the technical aspects of photometric measurements of 109 galaxies near the center of the Virgo Cluster, noting various types of radii and surface brightness for about 50 E and dE galaxies in the sample that range in absolute magnitude from -20 to -12. These data are combined with data from the literature for giant E and dwarf E galaxies in the Local Group to study the systematic properties of E galaxies over a range of one million luminosities. The radial intensity profiles derived are fitted to the manifold of King (1978) models to derive model-dependent central surface brightness, core radii, and cutoff radii.
Principle and Application of Differential Spectroradiometry

Differential spectroradiometry is based on the determination and analysis of the differential spectral response of photoelectric devices in the presence of bias irradiance that can be varied with wavelength and over many orders of magnitude. The principle is described. Differential spectroradiometry is particularly suitable for the following applications that are reviewed or illustrated by some examples: determination of spectral and weighted responsivities allowing the transfer of the spectral responsivity scale to high levels of irradiance; determination of nonlinearities in the photocurrent-irradiance characteristic; non-destructive characterization of photoinduced effects.
A Universal Chung-Type Law of the Iterated Logarithm

Let X 1 , X 2 ,. , be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables. We find sequences of norming and centering constants α n and β n such that a universal Chung-type law of the iterated logarithm holds, namely, lim inf n→ ∞ max 1 ≤k≤ n S k -kβ n /α n <∞ almost surely, where S k denotes the sum of the first k of X 1 , X 2 ,. ,k ≥1. If the underlying distribution function is in the Feller class, we show that this lim inf is strictly positive with probability 1.
20 May 2013 Moore, Oklahoma, Tornado: Damage Survey and Analysis

AbstractThe tornado that affected Moore, Oklahoma, and the surrounding area on 20 May 2013 was an extreme event. It traveled 23 km and damage was up to 1.7 km wide. The tornado killed 24 people, injured over 200 others, and damaged many structures. A team of surveyors from the Norman, Oklahoma, National Weather Center and two private companies performed a detailed survey (all objects/structures) of the tornado to provide better documentation than is normally done, in part to aid future studies of the event. The team began surveying tornado damage on the morning of 21 May and continued the survey process for the next several weeks. Extensive ground surveys were performed. The surveys were aided by use of high-resolution aerial and satellite imagery. The survey process utilized the enhanced Fujita (EF) scale and was facilitated by use of a National Weather Service (NWS) software package: the Damage Assessment Toolkit (DAT). The survey team defined a “well built” house that qualified for an EF5 rating. Surve.
A novel electron spin-polarization detector with very large analyzing power

The low energy electron reflectivity from a magnetic surface depends on the relative orientation between the electron spin and the sample magnetization. This effect has been exploited for realizing a new electron spin polarization detector. As a scattering surface we have used a well ordered Fe(001)-p(1×1)O surface, which is stable against surface contamination and gives rise to very large spin dependent effects. We describe in detail the preparation in vacuum of such a target surface and show that it can be transferred in a separate system, without performance losses. The analyzing power S of the detector is given by the relative variation of its response when the target magnetization is reversed. We find extremely large S values for electrons reflected at 3–6 eV kinetic energy, with maximum above 45%, i.e., roughly 3 times better than other polarimeters presently used.
Influence of Irradiation Parameters on Structure and Properties of Oak Wood Surface Engraved with a CO2 Laser

The work investigates the effects of CO2 laser parameters (laser power and raster density) on wood mass loss in oak wood and impacts on its morphology, chemical structure, and surface properties (colour and hydrophilicity). The energy amount supplied onto the wood surface with a laser beam under different combinations of the irradiation parameters was expressed through a single variable—total irradiation dose. The mass loss was confirmed as linear-dependent on the irradiation dose. With the mass reduction, the roughness was enhanced. The roughness parameters Ra and Rz increased linearly with the mass loss associated with the increasing irradiation dose. The FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectroscopy also detected chemical changes in the main wood components, influencing primarily the wood colour space. Conspicuous discolouration of the engraved wood surface was observed, occurring just at the minimum laser power and raster density. The additional increasing of laser parameters caused a novel colour compared to the original one. The detected dependence of wood discolouration on the total irradiation dose enables us to perform targeted discolouration of the oak wood. The engraved surfaces manifested significantly better wettability with standard liquids, both polar and non-polar, and higher surface energy values. This guarantees appropriate adhesion of film-forming materials to wood. Identification of the changes in wood surface structure and properties, induced by specific CO2 laser-treatments, is important for obtaining targeted discolouration of the wood surface as well as for the gluing or finishing of the surfaces treated in this way.
Forecasting Solar Cycle 24 using the relationship between cycle length and maximum sunspot number

The parameters characterizing a solar cycle are its length and its maximum sunspot number. There is a good negative correlation (correlation coefficient is −0.661) between the length of a solar cycle and the maximum monthly smoothed sunspot number of the next cycle. This suggests that the length is an important parameter in determining the variations of solar activity. Using this relationship, I forecast lower solar activity in Cycle 24 than in Cycle 23.
Compression of pulses during their amplification in the field of a focused counterpropagating pump pulse of the same frequency and width in media with electrostriction nonlinearity

Efficient compression of focused ∼0.9-ns pulses of a miniature Nd:YAG laser to less than 60 ps is experimentally obtained at their interaction with counterpropagating pulses of the same carrier frequency and width in CCl4. In this case, electrostriction interaction (amplification) begins not from the level of spontaneous-scattering noise; therefore, the counterpropagating pulses can be compressed at pump pulse energies below the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) threshold energies. When counterpropagating seed pulses are used, the energy and temporal stability of compressed pulses are several times higher, and their time jitter is smaller than that for SBS compression from the level of spontaneous-scattering noise.
PATH ANALYSIS OF THE COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE

Path analysis was applied to data collected in a social survey on the community response to traffic noise along a trunk road in Tokyo. The data were collected from more than 390 female residents by means of a questionnaire. A path model was developed for the causal relation of the noise annoyance, dissatisfaction with living environment, and the wish of the respondents to move to the antecedent variables, including noise levels, personal factors, and noise effects. The strongest effect on annoyance was for the noise level, followed by interferences with daily activities. The model explains 43% of the variation in annoyance. The dissatisfaction with the living environment and wish of respondents to move depended strongly on noise annoyance, but other factors should also be considered, as only 33% and 19% of their variation, respectively, could be explained by the model.
New similarity reductions of the Boussinesq equation

Some new similarity reductions of the Boussinesq equation, which arises in several physical applications including shallow water waves and also is of considerable mathematical interest because it is a soliton equation solvable by inverse scattering, are presented. These new similarity reductions, including some new reductions to the first, second, and fourth Painleve equations, cannot be obtained using the standard Lie group method for finding group‐invariant solutions of partial differential equations; they are determined using a new and direct method that involves no group theoretical techniques.
Velocity field statistics in homogeneous steady turbulence obtained using a high-resolution direct numerical simulation

Velocity field statistics in the inertial to dissipation range of three-dimensional homogeneous steady turbulent flow are studied using a high-resolution DNS with up to N=10243 grid points. The range of the Taylor microscale Reynolds number is between 38 and 460. Isotropy at the small scales of motion is well satisfied from half the integral scale (L) down to the Kolmogorov scale (η). The Kolmogorov constant is 1.64±0.04, which is close to experimentally determined values. The third order moment of the longitudinal velocity difference scales as the separation distance r, and its coefficient is close to 4/5. A clear inertial range is observed for moments of the velocity difference up to the tenth order, between 2λ≈100η and L/2≈300η, where λ is the Taylor microscale. The scaling exponents are measured directly from the structure functions; the transverse scaling exponents are smaller than the longitudinal exponents when the order is greater than four. The crossover length of the longitudinal velocity struct.
Detection of an orbiting gas disk in the Red Rectangle

We present interferometric maps of CO emission in the Red Rectangle, a well known protoplanetary nebula. The CO emission is found to arise from a relatively thin equatorial disk, extending about 5 �� in the direction perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the optical nebula. The velocity dispersion of the emission clearly increases towards the center, in a pattern significantly coincident with that expected for a Keplerian velocity field. Modeling of the CO maps confirms that the emitting gas is probably rotating around the central star(s), with a Kepler-like velocity distribution (at least in the central re- gions) that would correspond to a central mass ∼0.9 M� . Other possible explanations to the observations are discussed, but are found to be unlikely. Our models also suggest that the density and temperature increase towards the center roughly proportion- ally to the inverse radius. The asymmetry observed in the line profile and intensity distribution (the red part being stronger) can be explained by self-absorption if, superimposed to the rotation velocity, there is a low radial expansion at a velocity of about 0.4 km s −1 , at least in the outer disk regions. This is the first probable detection of a gas disk in Kepler-like rotation around a post-AGB star.
Nursing Students' Narrative Text Writing Improvement with Animation Video

The purpose of this study was to determine if the animation video can enhance students' narrative writing skills at Universitas Borneo Tarakan. This research employed Classroom Action Research as its methodology (CAR). In this study, there were 21 of the sample. An observation checklist, an interview, and a writing test were used in this study. In this study, there were two success criteria. First, students should get at least a 75.0 on their writing assignments. Second, class participation and instructor engagement must both total 80. In this study, the researcher did the analysis of the data using a combination of different methods. Quantitative data analysis was used to evaluate the results of the written tests, while qualitative data analysis was used to evaluate the results of the observation checklist and interviews. This study found that the use of animated videos led to a rise in students' writing scores between the first and second cycles of instruction. Attendance at the first meeting was 33%, and at the second it was at 57%. The attendance rates for the first and second meetings of the second cycle were 52% and 76%, respectively. The outcome of the observation checklist demonstrates the improvement, which can also be seen for itself. Based on the checklist of observable behaviors, it was clear that the training had been effective. From what we can gather from the interviews, using animation videos in the classroom is beneficial and makes both teachers and students happy. The results of this study suggest that having students practice their writing skills with the aid of animated videos can help them achieve better results.
Electron impact multiple ionisation of multiply charged krypton ions

Absolute cross sections for double ionisation of Krq+ ions (q=1,. . ., 4) and for triple ionisation of Krq+ ions (q=1, 2) in single collisions with incident electrons have been measured by using a dynamic crossed-beams technique. Electron energies ranged from below threshold up to 1000 eV for Kr2+ and up to 700 eV for the other charge states. With increasing q the cross sections for double ionisation are determined by an increasing relative contribution of single ionisation of the 3d subshell and subsequent autoionisation. The authors' data for double ionisation of Kt4+ are in good agreement with measurements of Pindzola et al. (1984). For electron energies about 300 eV triple ionisation appears to be dominated by ionisation-double-autoionisation contributions from the 3p and 3s subshells. Between threshold and about 200 eV, however, the observed cross sections sigma q,q+3 seem to be due to direct multiple-electron processes.
Evaluation on the quality of Malaysian refined palm stearin

The quality of Malaysian palm stearin was monitored through a twelve-month survey in 2018, by participation of palm oil refineries and oleochemical plants from Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak. Quality parameters requirement as listed in the Palm Oil Refinery Association of Malaysia (PORAM) specification such as moisture, impurities, free fatty acids, slip melting point, peroxide value and iodine value were determined. Other identity characteristics analyses as detailed in the palm stearin specification namely Malaysian Standard MS 815:2007 and Codex Alimentarius CXS 210-1999 documents were also analyzed, which were apparent density, refractive index, fatty acids composition, triacylglycerols, etc. Results obtained from this survey indicated that the quality of Malaysian palm stearin complied with the requirements specified in MS 815:2007 and Codex CXS 210-1999 documents. The iodine value determined was ranged from 28 g I2/100 g oil to 48 g I2/100 g oil, with 60.9% of the palm stearin tested were in the range of 30 g I2/100 g oil to 35 g I2/100 g oil. Meanwhile, some deviations are found in the average of parameter such as refractive index, apparent density, slip melting point, oleic and palmitic acids of the palm stearin produced. These deviations could be due to the improvement in current fractionation technologies causing less olein entrainment in stearin products, which resulted of harder stearin fraction in the sample itself, giving a more representative reading of the parameters.
Acquaintance stalking victim experiences of work interference, resource loss, and help-seeking

Stalking victimization, regardless of victim–stalker relationship, has been associated with negative consequences including high fear levels, mental health problems, and resource losses. Much of the research on stalking has focused on (ex)partner stalking victim experiences and consequences; however, many women are stalked by acquaintances. This is one of the first studies to examine acquaintance stalking victims who did (n = 140) and who did not (n = 222) experience negative work consequences from stalking victimization. Results found that just over half of the acquaintance stalking victims indicated the stalker was someone from work or school. Overall, many acquaintance stalking victims regardless of work losses experienced work interference, although those with work losses experienced increased work interference and job performance problems. Additionally, stalking victims with negative work consequences experienced more stalking threats, life interference, more non-work-related resource losses, and had higher stalking-related fear levels than victims without work losses. Regardless of group, stalking victims lost an average of nine different resources other than work losses, and resource losses were associated with current negative mental health symptoms and help-seeking. Help-seeking, outside of friends or family, even though they endured stalking for an average of almost 2 years, was low for all of the victims. However, acquaintance stalking victims with work losses sought help from more sources on average. Implications from this study suggest that safety at work should be a primary concern for all types of stalking victims, and workplace policies should consider stalking as a separate category of victimization.
A COMPARISON OF OBSERVATIONS WITH MAIN-SEQUENCE EVOLUTIONARY MODELS.

A comparison of four-color observations, transformed to the (log g - log ) plane, with new theoretical isochrones for the composition (Y,Z = 0.2, 0.04) shows good agreement between theory and observation in the range from 0.5 to I x i0 years. Ages are derived for seven open clusters which are in accord with previous estimates. Key words: four-color photometry-open clusters- isochrones- cluster ages
Susceptibility of interconfiguration-fluctuation compounds

We present a simple model for the magnetic susceptibility of rare-earth compounds which exhibit interconfiguration fluctuations (ICF). It is shown that the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of several ICF Yb compounds can be fitted quantitatively, assuming an energy separation E/sub ex/ between the two configurations and an intrinsic lifetime tau due to the 4f-shell-- conduction-electron interaction. With the parameters E/sub ex/ and tau obtained from such fits it is possible to predict the temperature dependence of the valence. (AIP)
Reflection and refraction of elastic waves on a plane interface between two generally anisotropic media

A unified approach to the study of reflection and refraction of elastic waves in general anisotropic media is presented. Christoffel equations and boundary conditions for both anisotropic media in coordinate systems formed by incident and interface planes, rather than in crystallographic coordinates, are considered. Consideration of wave propagation in an acoustic‐axis direction is included in the general algorithm, so results can be obtained both generally and for planes of symmetry, including planes of isotropy. General features of the numerical results are discussed. Energy conversion coefficients are shown to satisfy reciprocity relations which are formulated. It is much more natural to consider intensity–conversion ratios, rather than amplitude–conversion ratios, showing the important role of ray (rather than wave‐vector) directions in describing phenomena such as grazing angles. In particular, it is shown that the incident wave vector for grazing incidence may be greater or less than 90°: The domain.
3D finite volume simulations of dense granular flow inside rotating cylinders

Granular materials are widely diffused in industry as well as in nature, but a reliable and effective description of their motion is still at a rather early stage of development. Among the benchmark problems of granular dense flow, the rotating drum is one of the most challenging, yet intriguing and technologically relevant. In proper ranges of operating conditions, granular materials inside rotating drums display a continuum motion near their free surface. The motion of those discrete systems has been studied both experimentally and through Discrete Element Method (DEM) numerical simulations; however, it can also be regarded as the flow of a continuum medium, thus allowing a continuum mechanics approach. In this thesis, we solve the continuum dynamic equations by adopting the visco-plastic JFP constitutive model (Jop et al., Nature 441, 727-730, 2006) for the stress tensor, and study the continuous flow of dry grains inside axially rotating cylinders through 3D Finite Volume simulations (FVM). We investigate the effect of the ratio D/dp between the diameters of cylinder and particles, of the aspect ratio of the cylinder AR=width/diameter, of the angular velocity omega, and of the slip between drum wall and particles. Numerical results are found to quantitatively agree with experimental results from different authors, and also catches some distinctive features of the drum flow of granular materials, such as, e.g., the existence of axial components of the surface velocity, or the differences of the flow fields near the lateral wall and at the center plane, ect. Our simulations demonstrate that the basic physics of the dense granular flow is captured by the simple JFP model, and that continuum mechanics can be used to get a physical insight in granular dense state phenomenology. CFD simulations may then be of help to rationalize the broad wealth of experimental results with these materials.