Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finite Element Model Of A Helical Swimming Robot In COMSOL Multiphysics®

This work presents a small helical swimmer model in a low Reynolds number (Re) environment governed by the equation of motion for Stokes flow in COMSOL Multiphysics®. The entity, a few centimetres helical robot, is located inside of a pipe full of silicone oil, where the forces caused by the robot's rotation rate Ω and the axial velocity U are studied. By means of the COMSOL Multiphysics® Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Module, it is possible to implement a laminar flow in which inertial terms are neglected (Stokes flow). Within this framework, the work is divided into two independent parts: a first one in which the longitudinal motion is simulated, and a second one in which it is performed the rotation of the helix. Results are compared with the Resistive Force Theory (RFT) based on the premise that, in low Re environments, force and torque contributions caused by the robot's axial velocity U and rotation rate Ω are additive. The input flow emulates the longitudinal motion of the robot in order to obtain the drag forces caused by fluid resistance. The motion rate study uses the moving mesh to emulate the spinning of the helix. To lighten the computational cost of the model, a frozen rotor approximation is implemented to estimate the forces and torque generated by rotation. By means of this model, it is possible to study the impact of robot's geometry parameters on swimming performance, like the pitch λ, the length L and the exponential envelope. Therefore, different propeller geometry combinations have been studied in this work. From an efficiency point of view, an optimal value is obtained when λ = 7R, where R is the radius of the helix. Likewise, the linear dependence of hydrodynamics forces regarding the normalized length of the helix is verified. Finally, results reveal that the COMSOL Multiphysics® model is more appropriate than RFT in a design process, since it can estimate the robot performance, even for complex geometries, in a standalone simulation.
CHALLENGES AND COPING STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY MENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN A LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF SOUTHWESTERN STATE, NIGERIA

Introduction: Menopause is a major transitional period in women's life when menstruation stops and no longer fertile. It exists in various staging systems that can be differentiated in premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal. However, there are physical and psychological challenges faced at each stage. In Nigeria, women have high prevalence of menopausal symptoms between the 40-60 years. Some of these symptoms that are more common at menopause give rise to high concerns to provide coping strategies for them. The objective is to assess the challenges and coping strategies adopted by menopausal women in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross sectional study, 40-65 years eligible participants were selected using multi-stage sampling method. Three hundred questionnaires were administered, out of which two hundred and seventy were retrieved and analyzed using SPSS with level of P value was set at < 0.05 given response rate of 90%. Results: The mean age of the participants was 56 years + 2.11 S.D. The women in the study population were mostly married (84%) and were majorly Yoruba tribe (99%). Almost all the participants viewed menopause as a natural phenomenon. All the respondents were aware of menopause and have experienced one or more out of the twenty one pre-stated symptomatic challenges among which are vaginal dryness(40.40%), decreased sexual libido(41.1%),decreased sexual response(43.7%), joint pain/stiffness(35.95%). Coping strategies engaged by the participants included herbs (59.6%), exercise (59.6), Religious prayers (54.4%) and self medication (24.1%). Conclusion: Most of the respondents found menopause to be challenging and were able to manage using various coping strategies like the use of self medication, religious prayers and exercise which were found effective. Effective health education and promotion can help menopausal women to cope better with challenges of menopause.
Clinical Features and Outcome of Low and High Corticosteroids in Admitted COVID-19 Patients

Introduction: There is no specific anti-viral therapies for 2019 Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) infection. Here, we compared patients receiving steroids at different dosages versus no steroids in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. Methods: We retrospectively studied COVID-19 patients who received low-dose or high-dose corticosteroid therapy compared to no steroid. Results: The study period, June–August 2020, included 169 patients with COVID-19 were included and there were 39.1% female and 60.9% male with an average age of 53.1 years. The distribution of cases was as follows: high-dose 39 (23.1%), low-dose 54 (32.0%), and no steroid 76 (45.5%). Of all the patients, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission was for 31 (18.3%), nine (5.3%) required intubation, and 52 (30.8%) had no comorbidities. There is no difference in the mean age between the different groups. However, those being treated with steroid were more likely to have a high sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (0.37 ± 0.68, 0.36 ± 0.67 and 0.04 ± 0.34, for low-dose, high-dose steroid and no steroid groups, respectively (p = 0.001). Cox regression was not possible as the mortality rate was very low (3/169; 1.78%) and none of the multivariate methods would be possible. However, there was a significant difference in the hospital Length of stay (LOS) and the ICU LOS. Conclusion: Cox regression was not possible as the mortality rate was very low (1.78%) and none of the multivariate methods would be possible as the model will not converge. However, in t-test only, intubation was associated risk of mortality.
Factors that predict attitudes: contact, knowledge and ethnicity. Research on the societal stigma people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience have explored associations between autism knowledge and contact stigma, and between autism

(AIA-01-2020-0009) Factors that predict attitudes: contact, knowledge and ethnicity. Research on the societal stigma people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience have explored associations between autism knowledge and contact stigma, and between autism knowledge and stigma (Mavropoulou & Sideridis, 2014; Gillespie-Lynch et al. 2015; Stern & Barnes, 2019; Campbell et al, 2019), with a focus on the effects of children’s autism on parents’ wellbeing and coping mechanism (Tarakeshwar & Pargament, 2001; Timmons & Ekas, 2018). Although research has examined the prevalence of autism across ethnic groups (Mandell et al, 2009; Hassam, 2012; Maenner et al, 2020), we know little about ethnic minority views of autism, particularly the experiences of autism in families from minority ethnic group backgrounds (Heer et al, 2012; Munroe et al, 2016; Fox et al, 2017; Lin et al, 2011). To mitigate societal stigma, it is important to identify the factors that contribute to public attitudes to autism. To this end, this paper examined the association between contact and knowledge with attitudes towards people with autism, particularly among Black, Asian and White ethnic groups.
The Impact of Media Coverage on Voluntary Disclosure.

I examine whether and how media coverage affects voluntary disclosure decisions. Controlling for firm characteristics including past disclosure behavior, I find that prior media coverage is positively associated with both the likelihood of issuing management guidance and the quantity of guidance issued. The relation between media coverage and guidance is stronger for articles that purely disseminate information than articles that provide additional commentary, and is strongly associated with the presence of institutional investors, consistent with the media increasing investor demand for disclosure. Firms with more media coverage are also significantly more likely to hold earnings conference calls, speak more during conference calls, and issue more press releases, which suggests that media coverage has an impact across multiple voluntary disclosure channels. My study suggests that media coverage affects the demand for public disclosure and provides new insights into the influence of the media on manager behavior. I am indebted to my dissertation committee, Thomas Lys (Chair), Beverly Walther, Ronald Dye, and Paola Sapienza for their guidance and support. I also thank Clifton Green, Danqi Hu, Andy Leone, Matt Lyle, Bob Magee, Stan Markov, Jim Naughton, Clare Wang, and workshop participants at Northwestern University for their helpful comments and suggestions. I very gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Kellogg School of Management and the Thomas Z. Lys Fellowship. Finally, I would like to thank Ravenpack for providing the data and helpful discussions (Malcolm Bain, Katrina Lim, Richard O’Connor, and Maria Quiring) for this project.
An Empirical Study of Power Supply Rejection in Ring Amplifiers

An empirical analysis of ring amplifier (ringamp) power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) is presented. A time-domain, FFT-based method of analysis is used in order to fully capture all transient, large-signal, and non-linear aspects of the conversion of supply noise into output error. Post-layout simulation results indicate that the chosen ringamp topology maintains roughly -45 dB PSRR or better across a wide range of supply ripple frequencies and amplitudes for single-ended noise injection, and better than roughly -80 dB PSRR for common-mode supply noise injection (where only the ringamp supply varies and all others are held constant). Several useful conclusions are drawn from this analysis, including insights into spectral spreading of supply noise and the relationship between PSRR and ringamp biasing condition.
Health and Nutritional Status of Sugali and Yanadi Tribes of Rayalaseema Region, Andhra Pradesh

In the present study the association of anthropometric indicators with functional ability was assessed among the Sugali (n=297) and Yanadi (n=297) tribes of Rayalaseema region, Andhra Pradesh aged >60 years in a cross sectional design. More than quarter to half of the sample from both communities was noticed with under nutrition. Nutritional anthropometry and functional ability was superior in women than men in both the groups. In both tribes indicators of anthropometry and functional ability, tend to decrease with age (p<0.05). In both males and females of Sugali tribe the mean values of Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Mobility Index (MI), Well Being (WB) tend to decrease from normal weight to underweight category (p<0.05). In Yandi males none of the functional ability indicators shown significant difference between underweight and normal weight categories, on the other hand, only ADL and MI significantly decreased in underweight category (p<0.05). Around 40 percent of the elderly reported with different health problems. In both Sugalis and Yanadis, normal weight people were 1.05 to 1.07 times better towards ADL when compared underweight people (p<0.05). Normal weight people were 1.2 times better towards MI than underweight people in both tribes. Similarly normal weight people were 1.17 times (95% CI: 1.001, 1.362) to 1.2 times (95% CI: 1.058, 1.363) better towards their WB when compared to underweight people (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study highlighted that BMI and other anthropometric indicators were significant predictors of functional ability among the elderly. Hence improving nutritional status among the elderly will be beneficial to improve the functional ability during old age.
Recent Advances In Entropy: A New Class Of Generalized Entropy

In this paper different types of entropies have been discussed with their mathematical expressions and conditions. Shannon entropy, αorder entropy, Alpha/Beta order entropy, residual entropies, past entropies, weighted entropies and quantile based entropies have been studied in this paper. Some new entropies have been derived by introducing hazard rate as an information function in Shannon (1948), Renyi (1961), Havrda & Charvart (1967) and Tsallis (1988). These new entropies gives higher results as compare to the Renyi, Havrda & Charvat and Tsallis entropies when alpha less than 1. Keywords— Entropy; Residual entropy; Past entropy; weighted entropy; quantile based entropy
Variable tree rooting strategies are key for modelling the distribution, productivity and evapotranspiration of tropical evergreen forests

Abstract. A variety of modelling studies have suggested tree rooting depth as a key variable to explain evapotranspiration rates, productivity and the geographical distribution of evergreen forests in tropical South America. However, none of those studies have acknowledged resource investment, timing and physical constraints of tree rooting depth within a competitive environment, undermining the ecological realism of their results. Here, we present an approach of implementing variable rooting strategies and dynamic root growth into the LPJmL4.0 (Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land) dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) and apply it to tropical and sub-tropical South America under contemporary climate conditions. We show how competing rooting strategies which underlie the trade-off between above- and below-ground carbon investment lead to more realistic simulation of intra-annual productivity and evapotranspiration and consequently of forest cover and spatial biomass distribution. We find that climate and soil depth determine a spatially heterogeneous pattern of mean rooting depth and below-ground biomass across the study region. Our findings support the hypothesis that the ability of evergreen trees to adjust their rooting systems to seasonally dry climates is crucial to explaining the current dominance, productivity and evapotranspiration of evergreen forests in tropical South America.
The Influence of Endogenous Factors on Entrepreneurial Success 
Among Youths in Masvingo Urban, Zimbabwe

This study sought to establish the influence of endogenous factors on entrepreneurial success among youths. The study adopted a quantitative correlational research approach. The population of the study comprised of 420 youth entrepreneurs in Masvingo Urban. A sample of 201 respondents was drawn from the population using a random sampling technique. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The study found that the level of education, management skills, previous entrepreneurial experience, cultural background and the personal characteristics, attributes, skills, and attitudes of the youth entrepreneurs influenced their entrepreneurial success. The level of education, entrepreneurial training and the requisite technical skills also helped the youth entrepreneurs to grow their businesses. The cultural background was found to have an influence on the youth entrepreneurial success. The study recommended that availability of funds, coupled with training and enhancement of entrepreneurial skills by government agencies has the potential to improve the entrepreneurial activities.
Vrije Universiteit Brussel A 3D-Printed Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Monolith For Flue- and Biogas Separations by Adsorption: Influence of Flow Distribution and Process Parameters

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Partial information decomposition reveals that synergistic neural integration is greater downstream of recurrent information flow in organotypic cortical cultures

The directionality of network information flow dictates how networks process information. A central component of information processing in both biological and artificial neural networks is their ability to perform synergistic integration–a type of computation. We established previously that synergistic integration varies directly with the strength of feedforward information flow. However, the relationships between both recurrent and feedback information flow and synergistic integration remain unknown. To address this, we analyzed the spiking activity of hundreds of neurons in organotypic cultures of mouse cortex. We asked how empirically observed synergistic integration–determined from partial information decomposition–varied with local functional network structure that was categorized into motifs with varying recurrent and feedback information flow. We found that synergistic integration was elevated in motifs with greater recurrent information flow beyond that expected from the local feedforward information flow. Feedback information flow was interrelated with feedforward information flow and was associated with decreased synergistic integration. Our results indicate that synergistic integration is distinctly influenced by the directionality of local information flow.
An improved version of the generalized correlation of critical heat flux for the forced convective boiling in uniformly heated vertical tubes.

さきに著者の一人が提出した限界熱流束の無次元整理には,その後の研究により,いくつか改訂すべき問題点の存在が明らかにされた. 本報では,特に同一の実験装置,試験管によって,各種の特性範囲をカバーする系統的な実験を遂行,そのデータによって前記の問題点を検討した. その結果,さきの無次元整理が改訂され,しかも,たまたま,新しい無次元整理は以前のものに比べ非常にすっきりした形に整理された.
Epidemiology of Homicide in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Empirical research investigating older adult homicide is sparse and rarely accumulated for greater insights. This systematic review and meta-analysis quantifies the prevalence and characteristics of homicide victimization among older adults (65 years and older) compared with younger adults (18–64 years). Method: We searched Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane, Criminal Justice Abstracts, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published before December 31, 2018 (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews registration: CRD42017054536). Included were English-language, original, peer-reviewed studies describing the homicide of older adults. Excluded were studies not meeting age criteria, residence as an institution, or with insufficient outcome variables. The review included 39 studies; 17 were included in the meta-analysis. Data were extracted via open access or from study authors. Heterogeneity was assessed through study-level random effects estimates. Results: Pooled homicide rates per 100,000 population were 2.02 (95% CI [1.23, 3.33]) for older adults (n = 35,325) and 3.98 (95% CI [2.42, 6.53]) for younger adults (n = 607,224; rate ratio = .51, 95% CI [0.37, 0.70], p < .001). Proportion estimates for older adults: victim female 46.3%, location home 71.4%, offender familiar 25.2%, compared to stranger, 24.2%, motive argument 36.1%, compared to felony 30.8%, and weapon firearm 24.5%. Older adults were significantly different to younger adult victims (p = <.001) for female (OR = 2.5, 95% CI [2.02, 3.10]), home (3.87, 95% CI [3.45, 4.35]), stranger (1.81, 95% CI [1.66, 1.98]), argument (0.33, 95% CI [0.28, 0.39]), felony (2.78, 95% CI [2.58, 2.99]), and firearm (0.38, 95% CI [0.36, 0.40]). Conclusions: Homicide against older adults differs from younger adults and warrants specific research and tailored prevention strategies.
Social media influencers can be used to deliver positive information about the flu vaccine: findings from a multi-year study

Abstract Large-scale digital flu vaccine campaigns have experienced difficulty increasing vaccination coverage among African Americans and Hispanics, and are routinely inundated by negative responses from vaccine opponents. A digital campaign employing user-generated content from social media ‘micro’ influencers who are predominantly followed by African Americans and Hispanics was implemented during the 2018–19 and 2019–20 flu seasons to disseminate positive information about the flu vaccine. At the time, this constituted the largest influencer-driven health campaign focused on these communities in the United States. Comments on posts were qualitatively coded to determine content perceptions among those exposed to posts. Digital metrics were also analyzed. During Year 1, posts reached 9 million+ social media users and generated 64 612 likes or shares, and 1512 responses. In Year 2, posts reached 8 million+ users and generated 155 600 likes or shares, and 3122 responses. Around 94% of public responses to posts were positive, suggesting this is a promising strategy to communicate health information and could shift social norms, particularly for heavily debated topics such as vaccination. This strategy represents a more community-led and participatory approach than most large-scale vaccination campaigns have attempted, with immediate applicability to communications about the COVID-19 vaccine.
Wide-spectrum photodetector constructed on a centimeter-scale flexible SnSe2 film using a new one-step strategy

Two-dimensional (2D) materials attached with flexible substrates enable possibilities to apply their superior properties to the rapidly increasing demand for foldable displays and wearable biosensors in the internet-of-things technology. However, previous two-step strategy to construct the flexible devices, namely first obtaining 2D materials elsewhere and then transferring them onto flexible substrates, can cause huge problems, including irreversibly undermining the device performance and limiting the material size. Here we propose a new one-step strategy (other than the liquid phase processing and low temperature synthesis methods), namely directly depositing appropriate 2D materials onto flexible substrates, which involves no transferring and can maintain the crystal quality and properties to the greatest extent. More importantly, this strategy in principle has no limit in the film size, hence removing a main obstacle for the practical use of flexible films, such as complex logic operations and large-area optoelectronic applications. Using this strategy, a centimeter-scale SnSe2 film is directly grown on polydimethylsiloxane, which is characterized as a uniform, out-of-plane oriented and semiconducting film that is robust to deformations. Based on the film, a flexible photodetector is fabricated and distinct photoresponse to a broad spectrum of light (405–830 nm) is observed, with remarkable technical parameters.
The effect of (Cornus mas L.) fruit extract on liver function among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver: A double‐blind randomized clinical trial

This double‐blind randomized clinical trial aimed to investigate impact of Cornus mas L. fruit extract (CMFE) on liver function in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fifty patients were randomly assigned into the CMFE and placebo groups to receive 20 ml of the extract or placebo for 12 weeks, respectively. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, cytokeratin 18 (CK‐18) levels, and steatosis and fibrosis scores were examined before and after the intervention. Although, a significant decrease was observed in CK‐18 levels among the CMFE group (288.80 ± 85.40 vs. 235.66 ± 60.38; p = .001) after 12 weeks, no significant difference was found between the two groups. Moreover, a significant increase in fibrosis score in the placebo group (8.20 (6.35–9.40) vs. 8.40 (7.70–13.00); p = . 03) as well as a significant difference in this marker (CMEF: 7.64 (6.30–8.25); placebo: 8.40 (7.70–13.00); p = . 02) and its changes (CMEF: 0.60 (−1.00–1.07); placebo: 0.80 (−0.25–3.95); p = . 02) were found between the groups after 12 weeks. No significant effect was noted on other variables. Therefore, consuming CMFE might have some beneficial effects on liver function markers in NAFLD. However, more studies are required in this area.