Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empirical Research in Software Engineering

Software development is a highly complex and creative process. Producing software systems which fulﬁll all functional and non-functional requirements and exhibit adequate quality is challenging. Software Engineering aims to provide systematic methods and tools to overcome these challenges and improve the software development process. However, since the development of software is still an endeavor heavily based on creativity and human activities, it is diﬃcult to evaluate whether new methods, practices or tools have a positive impact or not. Empirical Software Engineering applies scientiﬁc research strategies to the ﬁeld of software engineering. These strategies are common in social and behavioral sciences, and support the evaluation of human-based activities. This paper gives an introduction into empirical strategies in software engineering, especially case studies, and how they can be used to evaluate results of research projects considering their value in practice. With an example thesis project we aim to illustrate how the theories and concepts can be applied. The paper is primarily based on the book Experimentation in Software Engineering by Wohlin et al. [36].
Type 3 Research Note 4 Title 5 Susceptibility of the legume pod borer , Maruca vitrata , to microbial control agents 6 Author ( s ) 7

51 Baseline susceptibility of Maruca vitrata to Bacillus thuringiensis and 52 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) formulations and/or isolates was assessed under 53 laboratory conditions in Taiwan, Vietnam and India. In Taiwan, Xentari (B. 54 thuringiensis subsp. aizawai) was more toxic to M. vitrata. In Vietnam, M. vitrata was 55 highly susceptible to Zitarback F.C. (B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai); it was highly 56 susceptible to the EPF formulation Luc cuong (Metarhizium anisopliae). M. anisopliae 57 isolate BCRLMa-3 was highly toxic to M. vitrata in India. 58
Determination of physiochemical characteristics and antioxidant properties of selected climacteric and Non – climacteric fruits

Fruits being fundamental nutritious sources in the human diet due to their high nutrient content and antioxidant capacity, can be classified as climacteric and non- climacteric fruits based on their ability to ripen after harvesting, where the fruits which can be ripen after being plucked are known as climacteric fruits and those which cannot be ripen after harvest are known as non– climacteric fruits. The study was carried out to analyze the antioxidant properties of selected climacteric and non-climacteric fruits and the fruits were taken from four different colors: red, yellow, purple, and green. The chosen fruits under climacteric category are Red lady papaya (Carica papaya), Mango (Mangifera indica), Madan/ Jamun (Syzigium cumini) and Ceylon olive/ Veralu (Elaeocarpus serratus) while the fruits chosen from the non - climacteric category are Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris), Pineapple (Ananus sativus), Grapes (Vitis vinifera) and Indian Gooseberry/ Nelli (Phyllanthus emblica). The DPPH scavenging activity based on IC 50 Values of the selected climacteric fruits Jamun, Red Lady Papaya, Mango, and Ceylon Olive in mg/mL are 3.45, 12.34, 15.35 and 8.49 respectively. The DPPH scavenging activity based on IC 50 Values of selected non – climacteric fruits Grapes, Watermelon, Pineapple and Indian Gooseberry are 26.78, 11.84, 0.95 and 2.62 respectively. The TSS values of the selected climacteric fruits Jamun, Red Lady Papaya, Mango, and Ceylon olive are 10.600 ± 0.529, 12.533 ± 0.416, 16.367 ± 0.404. The TSS values of selected non – climacteric fruits Grapes, Watermelon, Pineapple and Indian Gooseberry are 14.000 ± 0.500. 14.667 ± 0.611, 6.80 ± 2.95, 14.13 ±1.86, 10.467 ± 0.503 respectively.
STATISTICAL UNCERTAINTY IN DROUGHT FORECASTING USING MARKOV CHAINS AND THE STANDARD PRECIPITATION INDEX (SPI).

Droughts affect basic human activities, and food and industry production. An adequate drought forecasting is crucial to guarantee the survival of population and promote societal development. The Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) is recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to monitor meteorological drought. Using drought classification based on SPI to build Markov chains is a common tool for drought forecasting. However, Markov chains building process produce uncertainties inherent to the transition probabilities estimation. These uncertainties are often ignored by practitioners. In this study we analyze the statistical uncertainties of using Markov chains for drought annual forecasting. As a case study, the dry region of the State of Ceara (Northeastern Brazil) is analyzed, considering the precipitation records from 1911 to 2019. In addition to 100-year database (1911-2011) for Markov chain modeling and 8-year data (2012-2019) for forecasting validation, four fictional database extensions were considered in order to assess the effect of database size in the uncertainty. A likelihood ratio is used as index to assess model performance. The uncertainties assessment showed that an apparent performant Markov chain model for drought class forecasting may not be more informative than the historic proportion of drought class. Considering these uncertainties is crucial for an adequate forecasting with Markov chains.
Radiotherapy for oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a narrative review

Preclinical and early clinical evidence suggest that radical radiotherapy of oligometastatic disease in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients can impact outcomes with relatively limited toxicity. Whilst data from phase 2 randomized trials suggesting an improved overall survival (OS) with this treatment is promising, it has also illustrated the heterogeneity in this patient population and treatment. Oligometastatic disease in itself comprises a broad spectrum of patients, in terms of tumor load and location, stage of the disease and treatment history. This real-life variety in patient characteristics is often reflected in studies to a certain extent, hinting to the fact that all might benefit from radical radiotherapy to limited metastatic disease, yet leaving the question unanswered as to whom the ideal candidate is. Furthermore, differences between and within studies with regards to treatment modality, timing, radiation technique, and radiation dose are substantial. Also, preclinical and early clinical trials suggest that radiotherapy can work synergistically with checkpoint inhibitors by acting as an in situ cancer vaccine, therefore the combination of these two treatments in oligometastatic patients might entail the largest benefit. Ongoing randomized controlled phase 3 trials and prospective registry trials will further elucidate the true extent of benefit of this local treatment strategy and aid in identifying the ideal patient population and therapy. The current narrative review summarizes the clinical evidence on radiotherapy for oligometastatic NSCLC and highlights the remaining unknowns.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN C- REACTIVE PROTEIN/ALBUMIN RATIO AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE ANGINA

Background: CAD is the largest contributor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and mortality rate is due in prevalence to atherosclerosis. Syntax score (SS), which is an angiographic tool used in grading the complexity of coronary artery disease (CAD), has a prognostic importance in coronary artery disease (CAD) and provides important information regarding selection of revascularization strategy. Objective: To assess the relationship between C reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), severity of coronary atherosclerosis assessed by the syntax score (SS) in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Patients and Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study conducted on 100 patients divided into two equal groups according Syntax score. All patients underwent elective percutaneous coronary angiography, and have the following: hemoglobin levels, serum creatinine, serum cholesterol, serum albumin, Creactive protein, resting 12-lead electrocardiography and Doppler – echocardiography. Results: C-reactive protein/albumin ratio was significantly higher in patients with intermediate-high SS group. In multivariate regression analysis, CAR remained an independent predictor of intermediate-high SS group together with serum Cholesterol, HDL and LDL. Conclusion: C-reactive protein/albumin ratio was more tightly associated with the complexity and severity of CAD, and was found to be an independent predictor for intermediate-high SS group.
The criminal career trajectories of domestic violence offenders

A number of studies have examined the so-called ‘cycle of abuse’, referring to the fluctuating patterns of violence and calm over time that are thought to characterise abusive relationships (eg Walker 2016). Research has also examined pathways into domestic violence offending—who starts offending and why (Chiodo et al. 2012; Lussier, Farrington & Moffitt 2009; Magdol et al. 1998). However, domestic violence research has historically neglected the broader longitudinal patterns of perpetrators’ criminal careers, and many of the longitudinal dimensions of domestic violence (eg offending frequency and versatility, patterns of escalation and de-escalation) remain poorly understood. Abstract |This study examines the officially recorded criminal careers of 2,076 domestic violence offenders and 9,925 non-domestic violence offenders in New South Wales in the 10 years following their first police proceeding.
Comparative Study between Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam-Fentanyl on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Cochlear Implantation in Sohag University Hospital

Background: Surgery of cochlear implantation is a great advance in otology for patients with deaf mutism, but it carries a great challenge to the anesthesiologist. Objective: The aim of the current work was to compare effect of bolus Dexmedetomidine infusion versus bolus Midazolamfentanyl infusion as regards; emergence agitation & recovery time, hemodynamics, postoperative pain and complication. Patient and Methods: This study included a total of 40 pediatric patients (ASA I or II), undergoing cochlear implantation, attending at Sohag University Hospital. They were randomized divided into dexmedetomidine (D) group and midazolam (M) group. Results: There was no significant difference between both groups as regard intraoperative mean blood pressure. There was a significant difference at discharge time. There was statistically insignificant decrease in heart rate (HR) in group D than M group. There was statistically significant difference at 1 min and discharge measurements. There was a highly significant difference between both groups as the time for recovery being more rapid in D group than in M group. Mask Acceptance Scale (MAS) was better within D group than M group without statistically significant difference. There was a no significant difference in emergence agitation between both groups. There was no significant difference between both groups as regard objective pain score. As regard nausea and vomiting, there was a highly significant difference between both groups. Conclusion: It could be concluded that dexmedetomidine infusion in cochlear implantation in pediatric patients was equal as midazolam-fentanyl in inducing hypotension, emergence agitation and giving post-operative analgesia. However, dexmedetomidine infusion is better as regard rapid recovery without inducing nausea and vomiting.
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER AND PROGESTERONE THERAPY IN PREVENTION OF RECURRENT PRETERM LABOR

Background: Preterm labor (PTL) is the leading cause of perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and strongly related to the developmental and neurological disabilities later in life. Objective: To compare between calcium channel blocker and progesterone in the prevention of Preterm Labor in patients with history of recurrent spontaneous preterm labor. Patients and Methods: A comparative clinical study was done at Al-Hussein Hospital on one hundred pregnant women with history of previous spontaneous preterm labors were selected in this study, and randomly arranged into two groups: calcium channel blocker group (A), and progesterone group (B). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between all groups as regards age, parity and number of previous preterm labors, There was a statistically significant difference between the progesterone group and the calcium group as regards GA at delivery, with higher percentage of lower GA at delivery among the progesterone group (35.61 weeks) compared to the calcium group (37.11 weeks), There was a statistically significant difference between the progesterone group and the calcium group as regards mean values of birth weight with higher percentage of lower birth weight among the progesterone group (2.37 kg) compared to the calcium group (2.93 kg), There was a statistically significant difference between the progesterone group and the calcium group as regards mean values of five minutes APGAR Score with higher percentage of lower five minutes APGAR Score among the progesterone group (7.66) compared to the calcium group (8.57), There was no statistically significant difference between all groups as regards the mode of delivery. There was a statistically significant difference between the progesterone group and the calcium group as regards NICU admission with higher percentage of NICU admission among the progesterone group (40%) compared to the calcium group (17.1%), There was a statistically significant difference in different studied groups before and after progesterone administration as regards mean values of serum progesterone, There was a statistically significant difference in different studied groups before and after progesterone administration as regards mean values of serum calcium. Conclusion: The use of calcium channel blocker and progesterone reduced the rate of preterm labor, prolonged gestational age at delivery, reduced the frequency of uterine contractions, and improved the symptoms of preterm labor in women with history of recurrent spontaneous preterm labors. Calcium channel blocker was more superior on progesterone as regards prevention of recurrent preterm labor.
Managerial Performance of a Female-Owned and Home-Based Firm

IZA DP No. 13981 DECEMBER 2020 Managerial Performance of a FemaleOwned and Home-Based Firm Female entrepreneurship has been regarded as inferior to its male equivalent in terms of performance. Literature on gender differences in entrepreneurship focus mostly on showing the differences, but not much literature discusses where the differences come from, and how to mitigate them. This paper empirically examines the joint effect of female ownership and being home-based on owners’ managerial performance. We estimate the average treatment effect of female-owned and homebased firms on return on assets (ROA) using the 2007 Survey of Business Owners (SBO) micro data. From the main estimation result, the marginal effects of female ownership and home-based business are both negative. The estimated ROA gains of female ownership and home-based business are about -37.20% and -67.17%, respectively. In contrast, we find that the joint effect of female ownership and home-based business is about 39.53% ROA gain. Our finding suggests that femaleowned firms can outperform under the appropriate supporting conditions, such as if they are able to remove travel time and costs by establishing their businesses at home. JEL Classification: L25, L26, J16
Factors Associated with Genital Hygiene Behaviors in Cervical Cancer Patients in Surakarta, Indonesia

Corresponding Author: Afriza Umami Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Dóm tér 10 H-6720, Hungary Email: umami.afriza@med.u-szeged.hu Background: Maintaining genital cleanliness is essential for women since intimate organ problems can cause female tract infections. Poor genital hygiene can affect sexually transmitted infections, and therefore, it is prominent to investigate factors related to genital hygiene behaviors in women to reduce this type of infection. Purpose: This study aimed to find out the factors associated with genital hygiene behaviors in cervical cancer patients. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on cervical cancer patients in Surakarta, Indonesia, from December 2017 to February 2018. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 178 subjects using a fixed disease sampling technique that consisted of 56 cases of poor genital hygiene behaviors and 122 controls of good genital hygiene behaviors with a comparison of 1:2. The dependent variable was genital hygiene behaviors, while the independent variables were stress, exposure to social media regarding genital hygiene, environmental sanitation, husband’s education, and support. Logistic regression was employed for data analysis. Results: Genital hygiene behaviors increased with exposure to social media related to genital hygiene (OR=9.20; 95% CI=3.87 to 21.87, p<0.001), good environmental sanitation (OR=5.16; 95% CI=2.19 to 12.14, p<0.001), high husband’s education (OR=6.49; 95% CI=2.23 to 18.91, p=0.001) and support (OR=2.88; 95% CI=1.24 to 6.67, p=0.013). Women who experienced psychological problems such as stress showed decreased genital hygiene behaviors (OR=0.25; 95% CI=0.94 to 0.71, p=0.009). Conclusions: Genital hygiene behaviors in women increased with exposure to social media related to genital hygiene, adequate environmental sanitation, high husbands’ education, and support. In contrast, stress decreased women’s behaviors in practicing genital hygiene. These findings emphasize the need for women to improve genital hygiene behaviors as well as for nurses to explain how to increase women's genital hygiene behaviors.
Time series analysis using restricted Boltzmann machines and dynamic Bayesian networks

The study of multivariate time series is considered an important and complex topic, since these are commonly used to represent the evolution of a set of variables across a time frame. This representation is done through a wide range of methods, of which dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) are one of the most popular. These methods can be applied to model a given dataset and predict future values based on past observations, but tend to overlook hidden relationships that are present along the time frame and that can help identify some key bonds between variables that shape their evolution. The usage of methods that accept and model these hidden relationships can be seen as a possible extension to these algorithms. A novel approach is developed where a series of DBNs is generated for the task of classiﬁcation, but in which the data is pre-processed by restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs), a non-directed and stochastic method used to retrieve intra-temporal relationships present across the given time frame, represented by hidden units. The developed method is validated and the impact of using RBMs evaluated, primarily on artiﬁcial datasets and later on real data. The pre-processing of the data is shown to be successful in modeling the variable relationships present, bringing an advantage over the non-processed counterpart when the complexity between feature relationships increases. The obtained results are analyzed, some proposals are made for possible future improvements along with suggested scenarios where a pre-processing of the data by non-directed methods should be of beneﬁt.
Music Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine Attenuates the Depression-Associated Breast Cancer Development in MMTV-PyMT Mice and Clinics

Background: Depression is a mental illness that disturbs an individual’s health, which exacerbates the development of BC and reduces the quality of an individual’s life. Objective: To investigate the impacts of Traditional Chinese Medicine Music (TCMM) intervention on the depressed BC mouse model and explore the potential underlying mechanisms. Methodology: The intervention of TCMM and its impact on the body weight, tumor size, tumor weight, and behavioral tests were conducted in Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) induced MMTV-PyMT mice. Furthermore, CMSinduced oxidative stress-related Thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1) was also determined using western blot. A clinical trial was conducted to validate the effect of stress-related TRX-1 during the intervention of TCMM. Results: The outcome of the study showed that mice under the environment of TCMM significantly reduced the breast tumor size, tumor weight, and behavioral changes. TRX-1 was significantly increased in the CMS-induced BC mice which were attenuated by the intervention of TCMM. More interestingly, plasma TRX-1 was also significantly reduced using the intervention of TCMM in BC patients. Conclusion: Based on the experimental and clinical findings, we strongly suggest that TCMM therapy could decrease CMS-induced tumor development in the breast and improves the quality of life in depressed BC individuals. Furthermore, the relationship between TRX-1 and TCMM has to be investigated, which is now underway.
Nurses’ Emotional Intelligence and Stress at Workplace during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Egypt

COVID-19 has brought much stress to healthcare workers in globe. Nursing is one of the main occupations with a high level of stress. This paper aims to examine the association between nurses’ emotional intelligence (EI) and stress at workplace during COVID-19 pandemic. The four domains of EI (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relation management) were linked to nurses’ stress at workplace. Data were collected from 268 nurses at Egyptian healthcare institutions, between August and December 2020. The research findings indicated that Egyptian nurses show a moderate level of EI competencies, and experience a high level of stress at workplace, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A negative relationship between each of the four components that define EI and nurses’ stress and workplace was also existed. Research implications and directions for future research are presented.
First molecular evidence of an invasive agricultural pest, Drosophila suzukii, in the diet of a common bat, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, in Belgian orchards

Bats are major consumers of arthropods, including many agricultural pest species, and can thus reduce and prevent crop damage. However, few, if any, data is available on the potential role of bats in pest control in central Europe. Evidence that bats prey upon locally important pest species would be an important first step to demonstrate their value to local farmers and facilitate conservation measures. In this pilot study, we used a DNA metabarcoding approach to investigate the diet composition of common pipistrelles and brown long-eared bats captured in orchards in Belgium. We show that the spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii), one of the most harmful pest species in this region, was part of the diet of common pipistrelles. This pest species was recorded in one of the five samples from common pipistrelles. Our results indicate that bats can be valuable assets for biological pest suppression in West-European orchards, thus setting a path for future studies.