Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital badges: Pinning down employer challenges

Digital badges hold considerable potential for employers and recruiters, as they evidence accomplishments of skills and competencies at a more granular level than a traditional degree certificate. Badges are a validated, online graphical representation of an achievement, which is accomplished by undertaking criteria-based learning activities. Despite the established educational benefits of badges in higher education, limited research has been conducted into employer awareness, acceptance, and use of digital badges in recruitment practices. To address this research gap, a mixed method study combining quantitative and qualitative data collection was conducted before and during the COVID-19 health pandemic. Approximately 700 employers were emailed and invited to complete the initial survey and 73 responded. One of the major survey findings is that 97% of respondents were unfamiliar with the concept of digital badges. Significantly, however, despite the lack of employer awareness there was no widespread resistance to the concept of badges, but a strong appeal for further clarification of their value, credibility, and security. Analysis of the data reveals stronger partnership working, between the higher education sector and employers, is pivotal to establish effective digital credentialing systems. Recommendations for higher education institutions have emerged from this study, which aim to balance pedagogical digital badge practice with employer needs. Such synergies are crucial to address the changing skills agenda, to prepare students to thrive in physical and virtual work environments. Given the paucity of research in this field, further studies are warranted, to investigate the impact of digital badges on the employer community.
Characteristics of smartphone-based dietary assessment tools: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Smartphones have become popular in assessing eating behaviour in real-life and real-time. This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of smartphone-based dietary assessment tools, focusing on how dietary data is assessed and its completeness ensured. Seven databases from behavioural, social and computer science were searched in March 2020. All observational, experimental or intervention studies and study protocols using a smartphone-based assessment tool for dietary intake were included if they reported data collected by adults and were published in English. Out of 21,722 records initially screened, 117 publications using 129 tools were included. Five core assessment features were identified: photo-based assessment (48.8% of tools), assessed serving/ portion sizes (48.8%), free-text descriptions of food intake (42.6%), food databases (30.2%), and classification systems (27.9%). On average, a tool used two features. The majority of studies did not implement any features to improve completeness of the records. This review provides a comprehensive overview and framework of smartphone-based dietary assessment tools to help researchers identify suitable assessment tools for their studies. Future research needs to address the potential impact of specific dietary assessment methods on data quality and participants’ willingness to record their behaviour to ultimately improve the quality of smartphone-based dietary assessment for health research.
Effects of Heterogeneous Linear Polyether Segments on the Membrane Breathability of Nonionic Polyurethane

Abstract Characterizing the relationships between the water repellency and moisture permeability (breathability) of hydrophilic polyurethane and its supramolecular structure, including the phase inversion temperature in the soft phase, is unavoidable when developing intelligent, breathable textile products. In this study, a two-step technique was employed to prepare hydrophilic nonionic polyurethanes (PU) with various polyether (PE) soft segments. The hard segments of the samples were composed of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO), while the soft segments consisted of polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG), polytetramethylene glycol 1000 (PTMG), or their mixture. The relationships between the chemical and physical structure and the breathability were studied. The results showed that the samples with better separated structure between the soft and hard domains had a special microstructure of partial compatibility and simultaneously partial separation between the polyether soft and hard domains. In addition, the distribution of the mixed polyethers in the soft domains was homogeneous. The microphase structure, especially the hydrophilic ether bond content, exhibited a specific corresponding relevancy to the water resistance, moisture permeability and hydrophilicity of the PU membrane. The moisture permeability and water resistance were also directly related to their film-forming properties. Enhanced microphase separation intensified the positive effects of ether bonds on the moisture permeability, while worsened microphase separation weakened their negative influence on the water resistance/hydrophobicity.
Comparison of Changes in Incisors Inclination and Dental Arch Dimensions in Damon and MBT Systems Using Dolphin Software

Background: There is great controversy regarding the effect of MBT and Damon bracket systems on dental arch dimensions and incisor position. Objectives: We aimed to study the effects of two different brackets (MBT and Damon) on dental arch dimensions and incisors position after orthodontic treatment. Methods: In this retrospective study, the records of 20 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with MBT or Damon bracket systems were studied. All patients had class I skeletal and dental malocclusion and were treated without extraction. The patients were treated either with Damon or MBT bracket systems (n = 10). Lateral cephalograms were traced using the Dolphin software to determine the position of incisors. In addition, transverse dimensions of dental arches were measured on occlusal photographs. Fishers’ exact test, independent-test, Man-Whitney, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon were used for statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was set as significant. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, sex, and initial values of the variables studied. U1-Apog (mm), upper inter-canine, lower inter-second premolar distance showed a significant difference before and after treatment in the Damon system. However, no significant difference was observed between initial and post-treatment values in the MBT group. L1-Apog (°), IMPA (°), maxillary inter-first and second premolars, inter-canine, and mandibular inter-canine distance was higher in the Damon system after treatment compared to MBT. Changes of the upper and lower transverse dimensions of the dental arches and the incisor positional did not reveal a notable difference in the Damon and MBT systems (P > 0.05). Conclusions: There was no significant difference regarding changes in dental arches and incisor positions between the Damon and MBT systems.
Creating open source composite geocoders: Pitfalls and opportunities

Geocoding, the process of converting a street address into a pair of coordinates that facilitate mapping, is a perennial challenge for researchers. Both technical and practical barriers exist to geocoding itself and creating reproducible workflows that string multiple geocoders together (so‐called “composite” geocoders). This article presents a suite of open‐source tools designed to standardize American addresses and geocode them. These tools culminate in a composite geocoder for the city of St. Louis, Missouri, which serves as a proof‐of‐concept for developing sophisticated geocoding processes. We test this geocoder on a data set of 1,822 homicides for St. Louis between 2008 and 2018, comparing the results of our tools to a range of commercial providers. We find varying levels of efficiency and accuracy across the available commercial platforms and demonstrate that our in‐house tools provide high positional accuracy with significant efficiency increases.
Naturalization in African states: its past and potential future

ABSTRACT The existing literature on the grant of citizenship by naturalization largely focuses on the experience of Europe and the immigrant-founded states of the Americas and Australasia. This article considers the African experience. It sets out the comparative law on naturalization, and the limited information that exists on the implementation of these rules in practice, noting that formal naturalization is rare in all countries in the continent. The article argues that amendments to the rules on naturalization are mainly performative, rather than aiming at any broader public policy outcome. Although there have been some important initiatives by some states to reach out to particular groups excluded from citizenship, these are rare. Yet public attitudes to acquisition of citizenship by foreigners are more open than the practice. Historically, integration of foreigners into the citizen body has happened largely through local processes of certification of identity. New efforts to strengthen identification systems in Africa may well make these processes more closed, and also make the difficulty of formal naturalization more visible.
THE EFFECT OF CLASSROOM CLIMATE ON STUDENT ACADEMIC MOTIVATION MEDIATED BY ACADEMIC SELF – EFFICACY AT HANOI LAW UNIVERSITY

Learning strateries and efforts have popularly recognized academic motivation as the driving force of student academic performance. The present study examines the direct and indirect effect of classroom climate on student academic motivation at the tertiary level. A sample population of 119 freshmen from Hanoi Law University was approached to respond to a questionnaire. The result shows that classroom climate positively affects student academic motivation and that the relationship is significantly mediated by academic self-efficacy. Particularly, the findings indicate that a favourable classroom climate can effectively improve student academic motivation, the planned and fair classroom climates effectually build students’ self-efficacy in their learning. This study highlights the indispensable and pivotal role that a planned, cohesive, and fair classroom climate plays in motivating students to learn. Moreover, it provides references for policymakers, school administrators, and lecturers in building a positive and healthy classroom climate.
Liquefaction Phenomena Induced by the 26 November 2019, Mw = 6.4 Durrës (Albania) Earthquake and Liquefaction Susceptibility Assessment in the Affected Area

On 26 November 2019, an Mw = 6.4 earthquake struck the central-western part of Albania. Its impact comprises secondary earthquake environmental effects (EEE) and severe building damage within the Periadriatic and the Tirana Depressions. EEE comprised mainly liquefaction phenomena in coastal, riverine, and lagoonal sites of the earthquake-affected area. From the evaluation of all available earthquake-related data, it is concluded that liquefaction sites are not randomly distributed within the affected area but are structurally and lithologically controlled. The affected areas are distributed within NW–SE striking zones formed in graben-like syncline areas with NW–SE trending fold axes. These graben-like areas are bounded by NW–SE striking marginal thrust faults and are filled with geological formations of Neogene to Quaternary age. These NW–SE striking zones and structures coincide with the NW–SE striking seismogenic thrust fault of the November 2019 earthquake as it is derived from the provided fault plane solutions. An approach for liquefaction susceptibility assessment is applied based on geological and seismological data and on liquefaction inventory. From the comparison of the compiled liquefaction inventory and the susceptibility maps, it is concluded that the majority of the observed liquefaction has been generated in very high and high susceptible areas.
Interaction of International Sharia Stock Indices, Exchange Rates and Gold Prices against Jakarta Islamic Index (JII)

The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term, short-term and causal relationship between the World Islamic Stock Index, Exchange Rates and Gold Prices on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). The analysis tool used is the Vector Autoregression (VAR) method if the data is stationary at the level. If the data is not stationary at the first difference level, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method is used. The results of the stationary test show that the research data is stationary at the first difference level so it is continued for the VECM model. VECM analysis results in the long term The Dow Jones Islamic Market Index Europe (DJIEU), The US Dow Jones Islamic Market Index (IMUS) and gold prices have a significant negative effect on The JII. The Dow Jones Islamic Market Index Japan (DJIJP) has a significant positive effect on JII. The results of VECM analysis in the short term IMUS index, DJIJP and gold prices have a significant positive effect on JII. The Impulse Response Function (IRF) results show that JII fluctuates with shock to achieve stability. The average time needed to achieve stability is after the 14th period. Then the results of the Forecasting Error of Variance Decomposition (FEVD) analysis starting from the 50th period show that JII has an effect of 96 percent, IMUS affects JII by 3.36 percent, DJIEU 2.72 percent, Gold 0.65 percent, DJIJP 0.10 percent, Exchange rate 0.052 percent and DJIM25 0.028 percent.
Effects of Knowledge and Reflection in Intrapersonal Deliberation

Deliberation is not a black box. In this paper, we look at intrapersonal deliberation, a process different from interpersonal deliberation. In particular, we examine two variables, i.e. knowledge access and reflection, looking at their effects on attitudes, attitude certainty, and willingness to express opinions. A between-subjects 2×2 factorial experimental study (N = 83) shows that both knowledge access and reflection could serve as 'double-edged swords' in deliberation. Knowledge access changed attitudes towards a milder position while reduced willingness to express opinions in public. Meanwhile, reflection increased perceived attitude correctness, which might have a mixed implication for deliberation. Further theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Enhancing the Discovery of Chemistry Theses by Registering Substances and Depositing in PubChem

Chemical substances from theses are not widely accessible as searchable machine-readable formats. In this article, we describe our workflow for extracting, registering, and sharing chemical substances from the University of Alabama theses to enhance discovery. In total, 73 theses were selected for the project, resulting in about 3,000 substances registered using the IUPAC International Chemical Identifier and deposited in PubChem as either structure-data files or Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System notations. In addition to substances being deposited in PubChem, an archive copy was also deposited in the University of Alabama Institutional Repository. The PubChem records for the substance depositions include the full bibliographic reference and link to the thesis full text or thesis metadata when the full text is not yet available. Excluding mixtures, we found that 40% of the shared substances were new to PubChem at the time of deposition. We conclude this article with a detailed discussion about our experiences, challenges, and recommendations for librarians and curators engaged in sharing chemical substance data from theses and similar documents.
E- FAWATEERcom Adoption in Jordan : A Proposed Frame Work User Perspective

This paper discusses whether E- FAWATEERcom Adoption in the Jordan. By utilizing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), the paper proposes a framework on the antecedents of E- FAWATEERcom. The proposed framework could give significant practical insight and implication to E- government authorities worldwide that implement E- FAWATEERcom, especially the Jordanian authorities.
From Waste to Product: Circular Economy Applications from Sea Urchin

The classic linear economy model based on extraction, processing, production and waste no longer seems to be functional in a world where natural resources are starting to run out. For these reasons, the aim of this study is to analyse the transition from a linear system to the circular economy, providing an example of reuse of sea urchin waste for the creation of new eco-sustainable products. From a comprehensive literature review, it is provided a framework of all the properties deriving from marine collagen and other inedible parts of the sea urchin. Thanks to its characteristics, marine collagen is a valid support for production of biomedical devices, dermal implants, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. To make their core business effective, companies should not consider only the financial perspectives but also the social and environmental aspects. Therefore, this work aims at analysing these three frameworks using the Triple-Layered Business Model Canvas, which is a useful tool to support the creative exploration of sustainable and innovative business models. The reuse of sea urchin waste is a clear example of how a circular economy model can be adopted for companies to be successful. Through this virtuous model, they can be projected towards a green economy based on a more eco-sustainable vision.
The Integrated Physics Learning E-Module with Pancasila Character Values in Work and Energy Subjects as Solution to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Ability and Independence: Is It Effective?

One of the learning resources chosen to solve problems related to the low critical thinking ability and students' independence is modules. This research aims to reveal the effectiveness of an integrated physics learning e-module with Pancasila character values in work and energy subjects to improve students' critical thinking ability and independence. This research used a pre-experimental design with a pretest- post-test control group design. This design involved a total of 70 students from class X MIPA at SMA N 1 Kasihan with an average age of 15-16 years old. These research subjects were selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study were used to test techniques, namely the critical thinking ability test and questionnaire techniques. The data collection instrument used a test instrument for essential thinking ability and student independence questionnaires. The data analysis technique used was the n-gain analysis, Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) test, and effect size analysis by calculating the value of Cohen's f. This research indicates that the integrated physics learning e-module with Pancasila character values in work and energy subjects effectively improves students' critical thinking ability and independence.
If You Don’t Believe in God, Do You at Least Believe in Aristotle? Evaluations of Religious Outgroup Members Hinge upon Moral Perceptions

ABSTRACT Religious people tend to believe atheists are immoral. Although some work suggests that atheists themselves agree, such findings could also reflect symmetric ingroup bias in the moral domain, where atheists likewise view religious targets as untrustworthy and immoral. We examined how American religious and atheist participants rated the morality of atheist and religious targets and assessed a potential intervention: learning that targets adhere to a moral code. Across three studies, both religious and nonreligious participants demonstrated clear ingroup favoritism, rating ingroup targets more moral than outgroup targets. However, this ingroup bias was reduced when participants learned the target adheres to a warm and coherent moral system rooted in philosophy and concern for others. These findings extended beyond evaluations to downstream social consequences such as distancing. Such findings challenge arguments that atheists view themselves as immoral and point the way forward toward reducing religious ingroup bias.
Strategic Environmental Assessment: Current Status, Practices and Challenges in Bangladesh

Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is an appraisal device of policies, plans, and programs and has evolved from an alternative of environmental impact assessment (EIA) to a potential environmental policy integration tool in national policy planning. Bangladesh has likewise rendered SEA in its environmental evaluation framework to consider environmental and social outcomes of policies, plans, and programs(PPPs), but the practice and current situation of SEA in Bangladesh is unknown to all. Considering this crisis the study was carried out to analyze the present status of SEA as well as to find out the constraints for successful SEA implementation in Bangladesh as an approach to integrate environmental considerations in the PPPs. The data were collected through multiple methodological techniques including document review as well as survey by standard questionnaire and key informant interviews (KIIs) with different stakeholders of the various backgrounds of Bangladesh related to policymaking. The study showed that SEA first appeared in Bangladesh in 2006 with the support of the World Bank as a donor agency and the first SEA was done in Bangladesh on the Dhaka metropolitan development plan in 2007. But through the enactment of the National Environmental Policy 2018, SEA gained formal status in the country. Now, This study also revealed that most of the organizations (government and non-government) i.e. 55.77 percent never practice SEA whereas only 15.38 percent of organizations of Bangladesh practice SEA on regular basis, and 28.85 percent of organizations practiced partially for assessing SEA in their proposed PPPs. A diverse list of constraints such as lack of political will, lacking awareness of SEA, inadequate finance, weak enforcement of environmental law, and inadequate knowledge of the implementation of SEA in PPPs were identified. Therefore, awareness building, capacity development, and proper training on SEA in Bangladesh are urgently needed.
Surface Integrity Investigation to Determine Rough Milling Effects for Assessment of Machining Allowance for Subsequent Finish Milling of Alloy 718

The planned material volume to be removed from a blank to create the final shape of a part is commonly referred to as allowance. Determination of machining allowance is essential and has a great impact on productivity. The objective of the present work is to use a case study to investigate how a prior rough milling operation affects the finish machined surface and, after that, to use this knowledge to design a methodology for how to assess the machining allowance for subsequent milling operations based on residual stresses. Subsequent milling operations were performed to study the final surface integrity across a milled slot. This was done by rough ceramic milling followed by finish milling in seven subsequent steps. The results show that the up-, centre and down-milling induce different stresses and impact depths. Employing the developed methodology, the depth where the directional influence of the milling process diminishes has been shown to be a suitable minimum limit for the allowance. At this depth, the plastic flow causing severe deformation is not present anymore. It was shown that the centre of the milled slot has the deepest impact depth of 500 µm, up-milling caused an intermediate impact depth of 400 µm followed by down milling with an impact depth of 300 µm. With merged envelope profiles, it was shown that the effects from rough ceramic milling are gone after 3 finish milling passes, with a total depth of cut of 150 µm.