Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Casirivimab and Imdevimab for the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Background: Hospitalized patients with Covid-19 experience high mortality rates, ranging from 10-30%. Casirivimab and imdevimab (REGEN-COV) is authorized in various jurisdictions for use in outpatients with Covid-19 and in post-exposure prophylaxis. The UK-based platform RECOVERY study reported improved survival in hospitalized seronegative patients treated with REGEN-COV, but in most of the world, anti-spike monoclonal antibody therapy is currently not approved for use in hospitalized patients. Methods: In this phase 1/2/3 double-blind placebo-controlled trial, patients on low-flow or no supplemental oxygen hospitalized with Covid-19 were randomized (1:1:1) to 2.4 g or 8.0 g REGEN-COV or placebo and characterized at baseline for viral load and SARS-CoV-2 endogenous immune response. Results: 1336 patients on low-flow or no supplemental oxygen were treated. The primary endpoint was met: in seronegative patients, the LS mean difference (REGEN-COV vs. placebo) for TWA change from baseline viral load was -0.28 log10 copies/mL (95% CI: -0.51, -0.05; P=0.0172). The primary clinical analysis of death or mechanical ventilation from day 6-29 in patients with high-viral load had a strong positive trend but did not reach significance. REGEN-COV reduced all-cause mortality in seronegative patients through day 29 (RRR, 55.6%; 95% CI: 24.2%, 74%). No safety concerns were noted overall nor in seropositive patients. Conclusions: In hospitalized patients with Covid-19 on low-flow or no oxygen, REGEN-COV treatment reduced viral load and the risk of death or mechanical ventilation as well as all-cause mortality in the overall population, with the benefit driven by seronegative patients and no harm observed in seropositive patients. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04426695.)
Wideband Man-Made Radio Noise Measurements in the VHF and Low UHF Bands

Man-made radio noise measurements were conducted in a 1.16-MHz bandwidth at 112.5, 221.5, and 401 MHz at two residential and two business locations in the Boulder/Denver, Colorado, area. The measurement frequencies and bandwidth were selected using the results of a spectrum survey performed over the 104– 1060-MHz frequency range. The noise measurement data were collected as a complex baseband noise data record (consisting of six million in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) samples) every 10 minutes over a 24-hour period for each frequency and location. The data were processed to provide various statistical descriptions of the noise such as amplitude probability distributions (APDs). Median values of the antenna noise figure Fam were determined for each measurement frequency and environment type and compared to predicted values from existing man-made radio noise models. The measured values of Fam, while larger than the values predicted by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) man-made radio noise model, were still within one standard deviation of the predicted values. Further noise measurements are recommended in a greater number of locations to provide more statistically significant results.
The Ef fect of Planning , Monitoring and Evaluating as Metacognitive Strategies on the efl Writing Process

How to cite this article: Agudelo-Correa, Y. (2020). The Effect of Planning, Monitoring and Evaluating as Metacognitive Strategies on the efl Writing Process. Matices en Lenguas Extranjeras, 14(1), 86-117. https://doi.org/10.15446/male. v14n1.92465 Este trabajo se encuentra bajo la licencia Creative Commos Attribution Attribution 4.0. The Ef fect of Planning, Monitoring and Evaluating as Metacognitive Strategies on the efl Writing Process*
Risk Assessment of Trace and Undeclared Allergens in Processed Foods

In the absence of guidance from public health authorities regarding food allergen thresholds, the food industry has implemented the widespread use of various forms of voluntary advisory or precautionary “may contain” labeling in an attempt to manage the risk and protect food-allergic consumers. All stakeholders (regulators, food industry, clinical researchers and food-allergic consumers) agree it is essential to address the current lack of action levels and thresholds for food allergen labeling as the ramped use of advisory labeling and lack of transparency of its use limit food choices and decrease the quality of life of allergic individuals. This study aims to build upon initial work with peanut and develop a global thresholds database for all priority food allergens. Clinical publications and unpublished clinical data were screened for data regarding objective, individual challenge data for priority food allergens. Minimal eliciting doses were found for 13 priority allergens and include over 1800 individuals from published clinical literature or unpublished clinical data. The results of this study show there are sufficient clinical data from food allergic individuals to use for risk assessment purposes and developing regulatory thresholds for several allergenic foods. Allergic populations did not vary when analyzed by age, geographic region, or gender and only slightly varied by study population and challenge material. Expert judgment must be used when developing regulatory thresholds or action levels (reference doses) and evaluating the clinical challenge methods that provide data on relevant food allergic-individuals. In order to benefit all stakeholders, clinical food challenge studies are recommended to start below 1 mg protein from the allergenic food and proceed at a log or semi-log scale dose increases,
Aerodynamic Effects of Anti-Icing Fluids on a Thin High-Performance Wing Section

The Federal Aviation Administration has worked with Transport Canada and others to develop allowance times for aircraft operating in ice-pellet precipitation based upon wind-tunnel experiments with a thin high-performance wing. These allowance times are applicable to many different airplanes. Therefore, the aim of this work is to characterize the aerodynamic behavior of the wing section in order to better understand the adverse aerodynamic effects of anti-icing fluids and ice-pellet contamination. Aerodynamic performance tests, boundary-layer surveys, and flow visualization were conducted at a Reynolds number of approximately 6.0×106 and a Mach number of 0.12. Roughness and leading-edge flow disturbances were employed to simulate the aerodynamic impact of the anti-icing fluids and contamination. In the linear portion of the lift curve, the primary aerodynamic effect is the thickening of the downstream boundary layer due to the accumulation of fluid and contamination. This causes a reduction in lift coeffi.
Building the Bridge as You Walk on It: A Guide for Leading Change

Preface.Part One: An Invitation to the Fundamental State of Leadership.1. Building the Bridge As You Walk On It.2. The Fundamental State of Leadership.3. Entering the Fundamental State of Leadership.4. Personal Revitalization.5. Becoming More Aware and Authentic.6. Transforming Others by Transforming Self.7. A New View of Leadership.Part Two: Eight Practices for Entering the Fundamental State of Leadership.8. Reflective Action.9. Authentic Engagement.10. Appreciative Inquiry.11. Grounded Vision.12. Adaptive Confidence.13. Detached Interdependence.14. Responsible Freedom.15. Tough Love.Part Three: Developing Leaders.16. The Stages of Self-Change.17. Inviting Others into the Fundamental State of Leadership.References. The Author.Index.
Cholecalciferol Supplementation Attenuates Bone Loss in Incident Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Prespecified Secondary Endpoint Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Vitamin D deficiency, persistent hyperparathyroidism, and bone loss are common after kidney transplantation (KTx). However, limited evidence exists regarding the effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bone loss after KTx. In this prespecified secondary endpoint analysis of a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated changes in PTH, bone metabolic markers, and bone mineral density (BMD). At 1 month post‐transplant, we randomized 193 patients to an 11‐month intervention with cholecalciferol (4000 IU/d) or placebo. The median baseline 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level was 10 ng/mL and 44% of participants had osteopenia or osteoporosis. At the end of the study, the median 25(OH)D level was increased to 40 ng/mL in the cholecalciferol group and substantially unchanged in the placebo group. Compared with placebo, cholecalciferol significantly reduced whole PTH concentrations (between‐group difference of −15%; 95% confidence interval [CI] −25 to −3), with greater treatment effects in subgroups with lower 25(OH)D, lower serum calcium, or higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (pint < 0.05). The percent change in lumbar spine (LS) BMD from before KTx to 12 months post‐transplant was −0.2% (95% CI −1.4 to 0.9) in the cholecalciferol group and −1.9% (95% CI −3.0 to −0.8) in the placebo group, with a significant between‐group difference (1.7%; 95% CI 0.1 to 3.3). The beneficial effect of cholecalciferol on LS BMD was prominent in patients with low bone mass pint < 0.05). Changes in serum calcium, phosphate, bone metabolic markers, and BMD at the distal radius were not different between groups. In mediation analyses, change in whole PTH levels explained 39% of treatment effects on BMD change. In conclusion, 4000 IU/d cholecalciferol significantly reduced PTH levels and attenuated LS BMD loss after KTx. This regimen has the potential to eliminate vitamin D deficiency and provides beneficial effects on bone health even under glucocorticoid treatment. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Examining Parent Adverse Childhood Experiences as a Distal Risk Factor in Pediatric Chronic Pain

Objectives: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; ie, exposure to abuse, neglect, household dysfunction in childhood) are associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes across the lifespan. Emerging research suggests parent ACEs also confer risk for poor child outcomes. The relation between parent ACEs and child pain in youth with chronic pain has not yet been examined. The aim of the current longitudinal study was to examine the associations among parent ACEs, parent health, and child pain, in a clinical sample of youth with chronic pain. Methods: In total, 192 youth (75.5% female, 10 to 18 y old) and one of their parents (92.2% female) were recruited from tertiary pediatric chronic pain clinics in Canada. At baseline, parents completed self-report measures of ACEs, chronic pain status, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. At a 3-month follow-up, youth completed self-report measures of pain intensity and pain interference. Results: Regression and mediation analyses revealed that parent ACEs significantly predicted parent chronic pain status and depressive symptoms, but not parent anxiety or posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Moreover, parent ACEs were not significantly related to youth pain, either directly or indirectly through parent health variables. Discussion: Findings suggest that an intergenerational cascade from parent ACEs to parent health to child pain was not present in the current sample. Further research that examines the role of parent ACEs in the development of child chronic pain, as well as other risk and resiliency factors that may mediate or moderate the association between parent ACEs and child chronic pain, is needed.
GLOBAL REACH 2018: intra‐arterial vitamin C improves endothelial‐dependent vasodilatory function in humans at high altitude

High altitude‐induced hypoxaemia is often associated with peripheral vascular dysfunction. However, the basic mechanism(s) underlying high‐altitude vascular impairments remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress contributes to the impairments in endothelial function during early acclimatization to high altitude. Ten young healthy lowlanders were tested at sea level (344 m) and following 4–6 days at high altitude (4300 m). Vascular endothelial function was determined using the isolated perfused forearm technique with forearm blood flow (FBF) measured by strain‐gauge venous occlusion plethysmography. FBF was quantified in response to acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and a co‐infusion of ACh with the antioxidant vitamin C (ACh+VitC). The total FBF response to ACh (area under the curve) was ∼30% lower at high altitude than at sea level (P = 0.048). There was no difference in the response to SNP at high altitude (P = 0.860). At sea level, the co‐infusion of ACh+VitC had no influence on the FBF dose response (P = 0.268); however, at high altitude ACh+VitC resulted in an average increase in the FBF dose response by ∼20% (P = 0.019). At high altitude, the decreased FBF response to ACh, and the increase in FBF in response to ACh+VitC, were associated with the magnitude of arterial hypoxaemia (R2 = 0.60, P = 0.008 and R2 = 0.63, P = 0.006, respectively). Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that impairments in vascular endothelial function at high altitude are in part attributable to oxidative stress, a consequence of the magnitude of hypoxaemia. These data extend our basic understanding of vascular (mal)adaptation to high‐altitude sojourns, with important implications for understanding the aetiology of high altitude‐related vascular dysfunction.
Immediate emotions and subjective stakes in risky decision-making under uncertainty

ABSTRACT Background Previous research has shown that immediate emotions and cognitive processing of the stakes of outcomes influence decision-making under uncertainty. The effect of perceived beneficial stakes and different types of immediate emotions on decision-making is an important topic that has received little attention in the literature. This study investigated the effects of trait anxiety and anticipatory emotions (fear, sadness, excitement and comfortability) on the perception of thee stakes of outcomes and behavioral intentions. Method Participants from the community completed a task measuring anticipatory emotions and their perceived stakes of risky and beneficial outcomes in a range of uncertain situations. Trait anxiety was also measured. Results Results revealed that anticipatory emotions (except for sadness), trait anxiety and subjective stakes all demonstrated significant associations with risky behavioral intention in uncertain situations. Anticipatory emotions, but not trait anxiety, had stable effects on stake perceptions. However, trait anxiety moderated the effect of excitement on risky behavioral intention. In addition, positive emotions (comfortability and excitement) and beneficial stakes demonstrated consistent effects in the decision-making process. Conclusions The current study sheds light on future immediate-emotion-based interventions for deficits in uncertain decision-making.
Construction and Validation of a Predictive Nomogram Based on Ultrasound for Lymph Node Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in the Cervical Central Region

Abstract To establish and validate a nomogram for predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in the cervical central region. This retrospective study included 287 PTC patients with 309 nodules treated from December 2018 to May 2020 at our hospital. The cohort was divided randomly into a training set and a testing set according to a 7:3 ratio. The training set contained 216 nodules, and the testing set contained 93 nodules. The nomogram was developed using the training set, and the data of the testing set were used to validate the performance of nomogram. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomogram were determined by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve. The study showed multifocality, thyroid lesion size, and American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) score were significantly independently associated with LNM in the cervical central region. In the testing set, the calibration curve showed that the nomogram had good discrimination with a C-index of 0.775 (95% confidence interval, 0.680–0.869) and adequate calibration (P = 0.808). By decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve analysis, the nomogram was shown to have a satisfactory net benefit between thresholds of 0.40 and 0.75. The nomogram can be used for predicting LNM of PTC in the cervical central region and may provide valuable guidance for planning the surgical treatment of PTC patients.
Age-dependent effects on infectivity and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection: results from nationwide contact tracing data in Greece

Abstract Background Understanding the factors that affect the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 remains important to keep transmission low and maximize the health benefits of vaccination. We assessed the factors associated with the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 based on contact tracing data. Methods From 1 October to 9 December 2020, 29,385 laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases (index cases, i.e. the first identified laboratory-confirmed cases or with the earliest symptom onset in a setting) and 64,608 traced contacts were identified in Greece. We assessed the prevalence of symptoms in cases, calculated secondary attack rates and assessed factors associated with infectivity and susceptibility to infection. Results There were 11,232 contacts secondarily infected (secondary attack rate: 17.4%, 95% CI:17.0–17.8). Contacts aged 0–11 and 12–17 years were less susceptible to infection than adults 65 years or older (odds ratio (OR) [95% CI]: 0.28 [0.26–0.32] and 0.44 [0.40–0.49], respectively). Index cases aged 65 years or older were more likely to infect their contacts than other adults or children/adolescents. The odds of infection [95% CI] were higher in contacts exposed within the household (1.71 [1.59–1.85] vs. other) and in cases with cough (1.17 [1.11–1.25] vs. no cough). There was an interaction between the age of the index and the age of the contact with contacts 65 years or older having a higher probability of infection when exposed to cases of similar age than to children. Conclusions Our findings highlight the role of age and age mixing in infectivity and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Precautions are necessary for individuals 65 or older as they have higher infectivity and susceptibility in contact with their peers.
Health Information Needs of Young Chinese People Based on an Online Health Community: Topic and Statistical Analysis

Background The internet has been widely accessible and well accepted by young people; however, there is a limited understanding of the internet usage patterns and characteristics on issues related to health problems. The contents posted on online health communities (OHCs) are valuable resources to learn about youth's health information needs. Objective In this study, we concurrently exploited statistical analysis and topic analysis of online health information needs to explore the distribution, impact factors, and topics of interest relevant to Chinese young people. Methods We collected 60,478 health-related data sets posted by young people from a well-known Chinese OHC named xywy.com. Descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis were applied to find the distribution and influence factors of the information needs of Chinese young people. Furthermore, a general 4-step topic mining strategy was presented for sparse short texts, which included sentence vectorization, dimension reduction, clustering, and keyword generation. Results In the Chinese OHC, Chinese young people had a high demand for information in the areas of gynecology and obstetrics, internal medicine, dermatology, plastic surgery, and surgery, and they focused on topics such as treatment, symptoms, causes, pathology, and diet. Females accounted for 69.67% (42,136/60,478) and young adults accounted for 87.44% (52,882/60,478) of all data. Gender, age, and disease type all had a significant effect on young people's information needs and topic preferences (P<.001). Conclusions We conducted comprehensive analyses to discover the online health information needs of Chinese young people. The research findings are of great practical value to carry out health education and health knowledge dissemination inside and outside of schools according to the interests of youth, enable the innovation of information services in OHCs, and improve the health literacy of young people.
Virtual anatomy and point‐of‐care ultrasonography integration pilot for medical students

Despite its significant clinical use, there is no standardized point‐of‐care ultrasonography (POCUS) curriculum in undergraduate medical education. As Covid‐19 abruptly mandated the use of virtual education, instructors were challenged to incorporate and improve POCUS education within these new constraints. It was hypothesized that integrating POCUS into anatomy via brief video lessons and a subsequent interactive virtual lesson would lead to an objective understanding of POCUS concepts, improved understanding of the corresponding anatomy, and subjective improvement of student confidence with POCUS. A cross‐sectional descriptive study assessed first‐year medical students' perspectives and performance before and after the interventions (n = 161). The intervention was split into two parts: (1) three optional 10‐minute POCUS videos that reinforced anatomy concepts taught in the laboratory sessions, and (2) a subsequent two‐hour interactive virtual session reviewing POCUS and anatomy concepts. Students completed a knowledge and confidence assessment tool before and after the interactive session. Survey responses (n = 51) indicated that 94% of students felt the optional videos improved their understanding of POCUS and were educationally valuable. One half of medical students (50%) indicated that the demonstrations improved their anatomy understanding. Initial self‐reported confidence was low after the optional video lessons, despite an average score of 58% on the knowledge assessment (n = 130). However, confidence increased significantly along with an increase in score performance to 80% after the interactive session (n = 39, P < 0.01). Results suggest that the virtual integration pilot enhanced student learning of both anatomy and POCUS.
Pregnancy outcomes and anxiety in nulliparous women

Abstract Objective To examine pregnancy outcomes in women with treated and untreated anxiety in a well-characterized cohort. Study Design Secondary analysis of the NuMoM2b study, a prospective multi-center cohort of nulliparous women. Anxiety was assessed at 6 weeks 0 days − 13 weeks 6 days using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T). Women were divided into three groups: anxiety and medical treatment, anxiety and no medical treatment, and no anxiety (controls). The primary outcome was a composite of preterm birth, small for gestational age infant, placental abruption (clinically diagnosed), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounding variables. Results Among 8293 eligible women, 24% (n = 1983) had anxiety; 311 were treated medically. The composite outcome (preterm birth, small for gestational age infant, placental abruption, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) occurred more often in women with untreated anxiety than controls (28.6% vs 25.9%, p=.02), with no difference between treated anxiety and controls (27.7% vs 25.9%, p=.49). After adjustment for confounders, including controlling for depression, there were no differences in the primary outcome among groups. Untreated anxiety remained associated with increased odds of neonatal intensive care unit admission. Conclusion Anxiety occurred in almost a quarter of nulliparas. There was no association between treated or untreated anxiety and our primary outcome of adverse pregnancy outcomes after adjustment for confounders. However, neonates born to women with untreated anxiety were at increased risk for NICU admission.