Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“I Can Help Them Become Better Teachers, But I Can’t Help Them With Educative Teacher Performance Assessment”: Cooperating Teachers’ Knowledge and Experience of the Educative Teacher Performance Assessment in Physical and Health Education

Utilizing a thematic analysis approach, this case study investigated cooperating teachers’ (CTs) knowledge and experience of the educative Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA) in physical and health education. Participants were 14 certified physical education (PE) and/or health education CTs from a single school district in Alabama. Data were collected through one-on-one interviews; Nvivo software was employed to store, organize, and code the data, and data analysis utilized analytic induction and constant comparison techniques. Five themes emerged regarding edTPA preparation of these participants: (a) a lack of teacher training and resources, (b) receipt of informal information from teacher candidates (TCs), (c) perceptions of providing inadequate support, (d) CT experience with obtaining parental waivers and class recordings, and (e) a perceived edTPA tradeoff of increased stress for teacher development. There was a clear need in this district to: (a) better promote edTPA training opportunities, (b) consider compulsory edTPA training for CTs who supervised TCs, (c) share edTPA training handouts and resources with CTs, and (d) ensure that university faculty clearly communicate edTPA requirements to CTs.
Serum cotinine cut-points for secondhand smoke exposure assessment in children under 5 years: A systemic review

Background Serum cotinine has become the most widely used biomarker of secondhand smoke exposure (SHS) over time in all ages. The aim of this study was to review the serum cotinine cut-points used to classify children under 5 years as exposed to SHS. Methods A systematic review performed in the Pubmed (MEDLINE) and EMBASE databases up to April 2021 was conducted using as key words "serum cotinine", “tobacco smoke pollution” (MeSH), "secondhand smoke", "environmental tobacco smoke" and “tobacco smoke exposure”. Papers which assessed SHS exposure among children younger than 5 years old were included. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed. Analysis was pre-registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021251263). Results 247 articles were identified and 51 fulfilled inclusion criteria. The selected studies were published between 1985–2020. Most of them included adolescents and adults. Only three assessed postnatal exposure exclusively among children under 5 years. None of the selected studies proposed age-specific cut-points for children < 5 years old. Cut-point values to assess SHS exposure ranged from 0.015 to 100 ng/ml. The most commonly used cut-point was 0.05 ng/ml, derived from the assay limit of detection used by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Conclusions No studies have calculated serum cotinine age-specific cut-points to ascertained SHS exposure among children under 5 years old. Children’s age-specific cut-points are warranted for health research and public health purposes aimed at accurately estimating the prevalence of SHS exposure and attributable burden of disease to such exposure, and at reinforcing 100% smoke-free policies worldwide, both in homes, private vehicles and public places.
Health Care Professionals’ Experiences of Web-Based Symptom Checkers for Triage: Cross-sectional Survey Study

Background Web-based symptom checkers are promising tools that provide help to patients seeking guidance on health problems. Many health organizations have started using them to enhance triage. Patients use the symptom checker to report their symptoms online and submit the report to the health care center through the system. Health care professionals (registered nurse, practical nurse, general physician, physiotherapist, etc) receive patient inquiries with urgency rating, decide on actions to be taken, and communicate these to the patients. The success of the adoption, however, depends on whether the tools can efficiently support health care professionals’ workflow and achieve their support. Objective This study explores the factors influencing health care professionals’ support for a web-based symptom checker for triage. Methods Data were collected through a web-based survey of 639 health care professionals using either of the two most used web-based symptom checkers in the Finnish public primary care. Linear regression models were fitted to study the associations between the study variables and health care professionals’ support for the symptom checkers. In addition, the health care professionals’ comments collected via survey were qualitatively analyzed to elicit additional insights about the benefits and challenges of the clinical use of symptom checkers. Results Results show that the perceived beneficial influence of the symptom checkers on health care professionals’ work and the perceived usability of the tools were positively associated with professionals’ support. The perceived benefits to patients and organizational support for use were positively associated, and threat to professionals’ autonomy was negatively associated with health care professionals’ support. These associations were, however, not independent of other factors included in the models. The influences on professionals’ work were both positive and negative; the tools streamlined work by providing preliminary information on patients and reduced the number of phone calls, but they also created extra work as the professionals needed to call patients and ask clarifying questions. Managing time between the use of symptom checkers and other tasks was also challenging. Meanwhile, according to health care professionals’ experience, the symptom checkers benefited patients as they received help quickly with a lower threshold for care. Conclusions The efficient use of symptom checkers for triage requires usable solutions that support health care professionals’ work. High-quality information about the patients’ conditions and an efficient way of communicating with patients are needed. Using a new eHealth tool also requires that health organizations and teams reorganize their workflows and work distributions to support clinical processes.
A comparison of experimental results of soot production in laminar premixed flames

Abstract Soot emission has been the focus of numerous studies due to the numerous applications in industry, as well as the harmful effects caused to the environment. Thus, the purpose of this work is to analyze the soot formation in a flat flame burner using premixed compressed natural gas and air, where these quasi-adiabatic flames have one-dimensional characteristics. The measurements were performed applying the light extinction technique. The air/fuel equivalence ratiowas varied to assess the soot volume fractions for different flame configurations. Soot production along the flamewas also analyzed by measurements at different heights in relation to the burner surface. Results indicate that soot volume fraction increases with the equivalence ratio. The higher regions of the flamewere analyzed in order to map the soot distribution on these flames. The results are incorporated into the experimental database for measurement techniques calibration and for computational models validation of soot formation in methane premixed laminar flames, where the equivalence ratio ranging from 1.5 up to 8.
Effect of dietary metallo-protease and Bacillus velezensis CE 100 supplementations on growth performance, footpad dermatitis and manure odor in broiler chickens

Objective This study focused on the effect of dietary metallo-protease and Bacillus velezensis CE 100 on growth performance, carcass parameters, intestinal microflora, footpad dermatitis (FPD), and manure odor in broiler chickens. Methods One hundred-ten (two-day-old Ross 308) broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five groups with two replicate pens. The dietary treatments were divided to control, metallo-protease groups (A1, added with 0.1%; A2, added with 0.2%) and B. velezensis CE 100 groups (B1, added with 0.5%; B2, added with 1.0%). Results The feed intake was decreased in A1 and B2 compared to the other group (p<0.05). The liver weight was lower in B2 than in A2 (p<0.05). The Salmonella in the cecum was decreased in A2 compared to control and A1 (p<0.05). However, the lactic acid bacteria were increased in all treatments (p<0.05). The litter moisture content was decreased in A2, B1, and B2 (p<0.05). The litter quality visual score was increased in all treatments (p<0.05). The FPD score and prevalence were reduced in all treatments (p<0.05). The (CH3)2S emission was decreased in all treatments (p<0.05). Conclusion The present study indicated that both additives improve litter quality and reduce the incidence of FPD. These findings suggest that dietary metallo-protease and B. velezensis CE 100 have the potential to improve the broiler chickens’ welfare.
Frontal asymmetry as a core feature of major depression: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Background: Frontal asymmetry plays a major role in depression. However, patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) have widespread hypofrontality. We investigated whether patients with TRD have a characteristic frontal activation pattern in functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) findings and how the frontal cortex responds to different levels of cognitive tasks. Methods: We enrolled 27 right-handed patients with TRD, 27 patients without TRD and 27 healthy controls. We used multichannel fNIRS to evaluate activation of the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and left motor area in response to 3 tasks: finger tapping, a low cognitive–load motor task; verbal fluency, a moderate cognitive–load task; and a dual task involving simultaneous finger tapping and verbal fluency, a high cognitive–load task. Results: We found significant between-group differences in left DLPFC activation for all 3 tasks. The healthy controls had cortical activation in the left motor area during finger tapping and the bilateral frontal cortex during the dual task. However, patients without TRD had right VLPFC activation during finger tapping and left DLPFC activation during the dual task. Patients with TRD had bilateral DLPFC activation during finger tapping but exhibited increased bilateral VLPFC and left motor area activation during verbal fluency and increased left motor area activation during the dual task. In healthy controls and patients without TRD, we found that the right VLPFC was positively correlated with depression severity. Limitations: Our cohort included only patients with late-onset depression. Conclusion: We found different patterns of abnormal frontal activation between patients with and without TRD. In patients without TRD, the right prefrontal cortex (PFC) was recruited during simple motor tasks. However, in patients with TRD, the bilateral PFC was recruited during simple tasks and motor cortical resources were used compensatorily during PFC-demanding complex cognitive tasks.
Enhanced design methods for pressure-actuated cellular structures

A biologically inspired concept for shape-variable structures is investigated that can be utilized for automobile, aerospace, power and architecture applications. Similar to the motion of nastic plants, the actuation principle of the energy efficient and lightweight pressure-actuated cellular structures (PACS) bases on the controlled volumetric expansion of pressurized volumes. The advantages of fluidic actuators are combined with the possibility to generate structures that deform between predefined form functions. A holistic process chain is developed in the previous work, which enables to completely design and size PACS from the idea of application and the property analysis up to the design for production of the 3d-structure. In numerical and experimental investigations the so far used basic cell geometry could be identified to cause some conceptual issues. Stress peaks and gaps at the structure’s surface, inaccuracy of deformation and limitations regarding the shape-changing potentials are thereby determined. The herein presented novel approach for the shaping of PACS cells provides relief for all of these four issues. Numerical investigations at different levels of abstraction are performed to confirm the benefits of the modified cell arrangement and the related avoidance of gaps and to evaluate the rise of deformability by at least 50%. The resulting increase of the design and operating envelopes significantly enhances the value of this concept for its applications.
CTA analysis of 482 cases of coronary artery fistula: A large‐scale imaging study

The prevalence of coronary artery fistula (CAF) based on coronary angiography has been reported. However, with the popularity of coronary computerized tomography angiography (CTA), CAFs have been found more and more by chance. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of CAFs detected by coronary CTA, and to explore the differences in the size of fistulas, the number of complicated aneurysms, and fistulas among different types.
Phase coding of spatial representations in the human entorhinal cortex

The grid-like activity pattern of cells in the mammalian entorhinal cortex provides an internal reference frame for allocentric self-localization. The same neurons maintain robust phase couplings with local field oscillations. We found that neurons of the human entorhinal cortex display consistent spatial and temporal phase locking between spikes and slow gamma band local field potentials (LFPs) during virtual navigation. The phase locking maintained an environment-specific map over time. The phase tuning of spikes to the slow gamma band LFP revealed spatially periodic phase grids with environment-dependent scaling and consistent alignment with the environment. Using a Bayesian decoding model, we could predict the avatar’s position with near perfect accuracy and, to a lesser extent, that of heading direction as well. These results imply that the phase of spikes relative to spatially modulated gamma oscillations encode allocentric spatial positions. We posit that a joint spatiotemporal phase code can implement the combined neural representation of space and time in the human entorhinal cortex.
ETS-related Gene (ERG) is Differentially Expressed in Dermatofibroma (Fibrous Histiocytoma) as Compared With Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans and Hypertrophic Scars: A Pilot Immunohistochemical Study

Immunohistochemical staining can be of great utility in differentiating various cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms, particularly when the histomorphologic appearance of the lesions is inconclusive. Nuclear staining for ETS-related gene (ERG), a highly sensitive endothelial cell marker, has seldom been studied in the context of cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms. Little is known about its specificity for vascular differentiation. In this pilot study, immunohistochemical analysis for ERG was performed on 15 dermatofibromas (DF), 10 keloids, and 9 dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) tumors. Consistent nuclear expression of ERG was found in DF [100% (15/15) of the lesions demonstrated >50% labeling of tumor cells with moderate to strong intensity]. However, ERG expression was largely absent in DFSP [89% (8/9) of the lesions demonstrating <50% labeling staining, generally of mild intensity] and hypertrophic scars-keloids [80% (8/10) without expression]. On the basis of the results of this pilot study, immunohistochemical staining for ERG may prove useful in helping to differentiate DF from DFSP and hypertrophic scars in the context of partial biopsy sampling. If replicated in a larger number of samples, this finding could mitigate the use of costly sequencing panels and potentially avoid unnecessary reexcisions in certain contexts.
Genetic clinicians' confidence in BOADICEA comprehensive breast cancer risk estimates and counselees' psychosocial outcomes: A prospective study

Counseling for familial breast cancer focuses on communicating the gene test result (GENE) to counselees, but risk prediction models have become more complex by including non‐genetic risk factors (NGRF) and polygenic risk scores (PRS). We examined genetic clinicians' confidence in counseling and counselees' psychosocial outcomes, using the BOADICEA risk prediction tool with different categories of risk factors as input. A prospective observational study in Dutch, French and German genetic clinics was performed including 22 clinicians, and 406 of 460 (88.3%) eligible cancer‐unaffected women at high breast cancer risk assessed at pre‐test and 350 (76.1%) at post‐test. We performed multilevel analyses accounting for the clinician, and counselees' characteristics. Overall, risk estimates category by GENE versus GENE+ NGRF, or GENE+NGRF+PRS differed in 11% and 25% of counselees, respectively. In multilevel analyses, clinicians felt less confident in counseling when the full model provided lower breast cancer risks than GENE (i.e., in 8% of cases). Older counselees expressed higher breast cancer risk perception and worries about the hereditary predisposition when the full model provided higher breast cancer risks than GENE only. Genetic clinicians appear confident with breast cancer risk comprehensive models, which seem only to affect perceptions of older counselees.
Perospirone augmentation of escitalopram in the treatment of an adolescent sophophobia (fear of learning) patient

In this case report, an adolescent boy with sophophobia (fear of learning) is reported. Although psychoeducation about the condition was helpful to the patient, there was only a limited effect on his symptoms. Psychotropic treatment with escitalopram was initiated. He showed gradual improvement with this treatment, and there was only a limited effect on his symptoms. Hence, the patient was referred for psychotherapy, although he was unable to attend sessions. Augmentation with perospirone resulted in significant improvement. Research about pharmacological approaches to treat childhood and adolescent phobias is limited and requires further investigation.
Breast augmentation under local anesthesia with intercostal blocks and light sedation

Abstract Introduction This study of breast augmentations performed under local anesthesia with intercostal blocks and light sedation describes the outcomes and evaluates benefits and complications. Method From December 2005 until August 2019, 335 women consecutively underwent bilateral breast augmentation procedures. The anesthetic protocol consisted of an initial intravenous bolus of 1 mg midazolam and 0.25 mg alfentanil preoperatively. In 2017, this was changed to 2–4 mg midazolam intramuscularly, 1 mg midazolam intravenously, and 2.5 µg sufentanil intravenously. Intercostal blocks were injected at the midaxillary line into the intercostal spaces two to seven. The operating field was infiltrated with tumescent local anesthesia. Retrospective data extraction from patients’ medical charts was done, registering demographics, dosage of anesthesia, surgical characteristics, complications, and reoperation rates. Results Two hundred and eighty-one women underwent primary augmentation and 54 had implant replacement. The most common complications included suboptimal cosmetic results, asymmetry, and healing-related problems. The overall rate of reoperation was 16.1% within an average follow-up period of 2 years, ranging from 0 to 12.5 years. The majority of the reoperations were due to cosmetic reasons. The change in anesthetic regime was associated with a significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased need for supplementary medication with no increased risk of complications. Conclusion Breast augmentations in local anesthesia with intercostal blocks and light sedation can be performed safely and can serve as an alternative to procedures in general anesthesia.
Parental beliefs about positive affect and parental depressive symptoms predicting parents' positive emotion socialisation in India

Emerging literature examines implications of parental socialisation of positive affect (PA) for children's socio‐emotional functioning, though little is known about predictors of parental PA socialisation behaviours in diverse families around the world. Based on the literature that suggests that parental cognitions (Okagaki & Bingham, 2005) and their own mood state contribute to their parenting (Dix & Meunier, 2009), we examined two parent‐related factors (parental beliefs regarding PA and depressive symptoms) as predictors of parental responses to their adolescents' PA in an urban middle‐class sample of mothers and fathers from India (N = 267; 40.4% mothers). Parents completed measures of their PA‐related beliefs, depressive symptomatology, and their responses to adolescents' PA at two‐time points, 5 months apart. Parental PA‐related beliefs showed low stability and depressive symptoms showed moderate stability across time. There were concurrent bivariate associations between parental PA‐related beliefs and their socialisation behaviours, though these relations did not hold in multivariate path analyses across time. Parental depressive symptoms at T1 inversely predicted family savouring at T2 and positively predicted dampening at T2. These findings provide the first line of evidence indicating that parental cognitions and their own mood contribute to their emotion‐related parenting behaviours in India.
Early DNR in Older Adults Hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Initial Pandemic Surge

The role of early Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) in hospitalized older adults (OAs) with SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. The objective of the study was to identify characteristics and outcomes associated with early DNR in hospitalized OAs with SARS-CoV-2. We conducted a retrospective chart review of older adults (65+) hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York, USA, between March 1, 2020, and April 20, 2020. Patient characteristics and hospital outcomes were collected. Early DNR (within 24 hours of admission) was compared to non-early DNR (late DNR, after 24 hours of admission, or no DNR). Outcomes included hospital morbidity and mortality. Of 4961 patients, early DNR prevalence was 5.7% (n = 283). Compared to non-early DNR, the early DNR group was older (85.0 vs 76.8, P < .001), women (51.2% vs 43.6%, P = .012), with higher comorbidity index (3.88 vs 3.36, P < .001), facility-based (49.1% vs 19.1%, P < .001), with dementia (13.3% vs 4.6%, P < .001), and severely ill on presentation (57.9% vs 32.3%, P < .001). In multivariable analyses, the early DNR group had higher mortality risk (OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 2.10–4.11), less hospital delirium (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.40–.77), lower use of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV, OR: 0.37, 95% CI: .21–.67), and shorter length of stay (LOS, 4.8 vs 10.3 days, P < .001), compared to non-early DNR. Regarding early vs late DNR, while there was no difference in mortality (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.85–1.62), the early DNR group experienced less delirium (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: .40–.75), IMV (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29–.96), and shorter LOS (4.82 vs 10.63 days, OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.30–.41). In conclusion, early DNR prevalence in hospitalized OAs with COVID-19 was low, and compared to non-early DNR is associated with higher mortality but lower morbidity.