Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strain Partitioning and Interseismic Fault Behavior Along the Caribbean‐South American Transform Plate Boundary

We combine Global Positioning System and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data to characterize the interseismic behavior (i.e., locked or creeping), and strain partitioning for the faults along the Caribbean‐South American transform plate boundary. Interseismic strain is distributed mainly on three faults, the San Sebastian, El Pilar, and Central Range faults, but partitioning occurs across multiple faults in the west (San Sebastian and La Victoria faults) and east (Sub‐Tobago Terrane, Central Range, and South Coast faults). In northern Venezuela, slip is partitioned on the San Sebastian (16.4 ± 1.7 mm/yr) and La Victoria (4.3 ± 0.9 mm/yr) faults. In north‐eastern Venezuela, the El Pilar fault accommodates slip at a rate of 18.6 ± 1.8 mm/yr. In Trinidad and Tobago, slip is partitioned between the Sub‐Tobago Terrane (3.0 ± 0.1 mm/yr), Central Range (14.5 ± 2.0 mm/yr), and South Coast (3.0 ± 0.1 mm/yr) faults. The La Victoria, San Sebastian, the western El Pilar segment, and Sub‐Tobago Terrane faults are locked to depths of 16.2 ± 4.0 km, 7.7 ± 5.2 km, 6.7 ± 2.8 km, and 8.0 ± 0.2 km, respectively. The eastern segment of the El Pilar, the Central Range, and the South Coast faults all creep. Our new InSAR results indicate that the entire Central Range Fault is creeping. The locked western segment of this transform plate boundary is capable of producing a Mw 8 earthquake, which is a significant finding regarding seismic hazard and risk.
Geographical variability of the composition and properties of fatty acid methyl esters from Citrullus colocynthis in Tunisia

ABSTRACT Biofuels are a promising alternative to substitute petroleum-based transportation fuels and could contribute to sustainable development. This work studies the composition and properties of the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) obtained from Citrullus colocynthis, a plant that grows in arid and dry conditions. Samples from seven locations in Tunisia were collected to study the possible variability in their composition and properties to assess the performance in a combustion engine. Results show suitable properties and future studies are encouraged to assess the potential productivity at a large scale, regarding that domestication of the plant could contribute to improving its quality and productivity.
Partisan media, untrustworthy news sites, and political misperceptions

This study investigates the potential role both untrustworthy and partisan websites play in misinforming audiences by testing whether actual exposure to these sites is associated with political misperceptions. Using a sample of American adult social media users, we match data from individuals’ Internet browser histories with a survey measuring the accuracy of political beliefs. We find that visits to partisan websites are at times related to misperceptions consistent with the political bias of the site. However, we do not find strong evidence that untrustworthy websites consistently relate to false beliefs. There is also little evidence that visits to less partisan, centrist news sites are associated with more accurate political beliefs about these issues, suggesting that exposure to politically neutral news is not necessarily the antidote to misinformation. Results suggest that focusing on partisan news sites—rather than untrustworthy sites—may be fruitful to understanding how media contribute to political misperceptions.
Thirsty work: Testing the risk reduction model of mid- to late-Holocene stone points with distance decay from freshwater in northern Australia

A key tenant of risk reduction models in archaeology the world over is that changes in resource availability drove mobility increases and created a need for an extension of stone tool use life. This manuscript directly addresses the question, is retouch intensity of tools related to distance from freshwater, by using extant localities of major Gorges, Rivers and water holes in the southern Kimberley region of northern Australia. Previous research has argued that retouched stone points during the mid to late-Holocene were part of a risk minimisation strategy, within broader technological organisation models. Modelling the distance from primary water sources, in arid to semi-arid regions of the southern Kimberley, reduction intensity of points is found to increase with distance from water sources consistently. This research provides an appropriate test of existing risk minimisation models and highlights global significance for similar studies where retouch tool reduction and forager mobility are linked to environmental change.
Together We Rise: The Role of Communication and Community Connectedness in Transgender Citizens’ Civic Engagement in the United States

ABSTRACT This study examines the influences of online communication, in-person socialization, and degree of community connectedness on transgender citizens’ political participation in the United States. Drawing on the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey, we find that while demographics, socioeconomic status, and political self-efficacy contributed to individuals’ civic engagement and political campaign contribution, community connectedness was the single largest predictor of civic engagement and alone accounted for almost as much variance in the measurement of civic engagement as all demographics and socioeconomic status combined. At the same time, we found an unhypothesized mutually causal relationship between community connectedness and civic engagement, suggesting each reinforces the other. We also found evidence in-person communication with other transgender people was a larger predictor of political participation than online communication. Taken together, our results move us beyond the traditional sociodemographic or media-use predictors toward a more socially embedded perspective of civic engagement among marginalized groups, demonstrating the vital significance of connectedness to one’s identity-based community.
Impact of the Discipline of Work and the Working Environment Against the Success of the Educator

The intention of the whole project is to discover and analyze the impact of work discipline, work environment on the performance of teachers in SD Negeri at Plakat Tinggi District. This mode of analysis shall be quantified in the explanatory statement. The sample in the research comprised of 59 respondents using the sampling procedure in the form of a survey (questionnaire). The findings indicate that: 1) there is a serious impact of work discipline on the quality of teachers; 2) there is a serious influence of the work environment on the performance of teachers; 3) there is a noticeable impact between work discipline and the work environment on the quality of teachers.
A comparative study of 6-week and 12-week Radiographic Union Scores for HUmeral fractures (RUSHU) as a predictor of humeral shaft non-union

Background Non-union in non-operatively managed humeral shaft fractures are associated with significant morbidity. Hence, developing a robust system that could help with early diagnosis is important. We aimed to evaluate the validity of the Radiographic Union Score for HUmeral fractures (RUSHU) at 6 weeks (RUSHU-6) and test whether a RUSHU at 12 weeks (RUSHU-12) would be a better predictor of non-union. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all non-operatively managed humeral diaphyseal fractures from 2012 to 2018. Statistical analysis was used to determine the cut-off RUSHU-12 and evaluate the effect of RUSHU-6 and RUSHU-12 on non-union prediction. Results In sum, 32 patients had radiographs at 6 weeks post-injury, 27 of which also had radiographs at 12 weeks. A RUSHU cut-off of 9 was the best predictor of non-union at 12 weeks. Only RUSHU-12 had a statistically significant influence predicting non-union (P = 0.011) and there was a significant correlation (P = 0.003) between score progression from RUSHU-6 to RUSHU-12 and the development of non-union. Discussion A RUSHU-12 of <9 and a low score progression between 6 and 12 weeks suggest superior predictive value in determining the likelihood of non-union. Further validation in the form of a large multicentred study is however required.
Computational Chemical Study of Pigment of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) Rind Extract as Dye Compound in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)

The electronic transition processes of α-mangostin and β-mangostin as dye compounds in DSSC and their ability to transfer electrons to semiconductors have been studied in theory. The research was carried out computationally using the NwChem application. The methods used are Density Functional Theory (DFT) for structure optimization and Time-Dependent DFT (TD-DFT) for electronic transitions. The results showed that the energy of HOMO β-mangostin was lower that it was more stable or easier to form bonds with semiconductors. Likewise, its LUMO energy is lower than α-mangostin that it is easier to inject electrons into the semiconductor. The energy difference of HOMO-LUMO β-mangostin is smaller than α-mangostin. This shows that β-mangostin is more easily excited or more efficient in exciting solar energy to convert it into electricity. This is consistent with the molecular spectra where λmaxβ-mangostin is at a higher wavelength. Orbital analysis shows electron injection of α-mangostin and β-mangostin into the semiconductor via double O atoms in each molecule. The injection is influenced by the bond length, where the bond length of α-mangostin to TiO2 is smaller than that of β-mangostin to TiO2.
Towards Automatic Fake News Detection in Digital Platforms: Properties, Limitations, and Applications

Digital platforms, including social media systems and messaging applications, have become a place for campaigns of misinformation that affect the credibility of the entire news ecosystem. The emergence of fake news in these environments has quickly evolved into a worldwide phenomenon, where the lack of scalable fact-checking strategies is especially worrisome. In this context, this thesis aim at investigating practical approaches for the automatic detection of fake news disseminated in digital platforms. Particularly, we explore new datasets and features for fake news detection to assess the prediction performance of current supervised machine learning approaches. We also propose an unbiased framework for quantifying the informativeness of features for fake news detection, and present an explanation of factors contributing to model decisions considering data from different scenarios. Finally, we propose and implement a new mechanism that accounts for the potential occurrence of fake news within the data, significantly reducing the number of content pieces journalists and fact-checkers have to go through before finding a fake story.
Relative navigation technique with constrained GNSS data for formation‐flying CubeSat mission, CANYVAL‐C

This study introduces and verifies a relative navigation technique for two Cube-Sats in formation flying as part of the CANYVAL-C mission. Because the mission requires precision and robustness subject to restricted computational complexity, the technique employs an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and raw GNSS data to achieve relative navigation. The relative navigation technique is composed of two parts: parameter-tuning using an Adaptive Kalman Filter (AKF) in a ground station, and the application of the adaptively determined parameters to allow onboard EKF. Based on Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulations (HILS), the relative positioning error of the EKF with adaptively determined parameters ranged from 10 to 20 cm on each axis (3 σ ) and satisfied the mission requirement of 1 m. The simulations confirm that the technique yields reliable relative navigation and a realistic error covariance without imposing a computational burden on the Cube-Sat, as well as reduces the time required for parameter tuning.
Postoperative ileus: A pharmacological perspective

Postoperative ileus (POI) is a frequent complication after abdominal surgery. The consequences of postoperative ileus can be potentially serious such as bronchial inhalation or acute functional renal failure. Numerous advances in peri‐operative management, particularly early rehabilitation, have made it possible to decrease postoperative ileus. Despite this, the rate of prolonged postoperative ileus remains high and can be as high as 25% of patients in colorectal surgery. From a pathophysiological point of view, postoperative ileus has two phases, an early neurological phase and a later inflammatory phase, to which we could add a ‘pharmacological’ phase during which analgesic drugs, particularly opiates, play a central role. The aim of this review article is to describe the phases of the pathophysiology of postoperative ileus, to analyse the pharmacological treatments currently available through published clinical trials and finally to discuss the different research areas for potential pharmacological targets.
Effect of fattening period on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and economic traits of Holstein steers

Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different fattening periods on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, and economic traits of Holstein steers. Sixty Holstein steers (8.0 ± 0.28 months old) with an average body weight (BW) of 231.88 ± 2.61 kg, were randomly allocated to five different fattening period treatments: 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 months (n = 12 in each treatment group). Final BW and average daily gain (ADG) did not differ among the treatment groups during the early fattening period. At the late stage of the fattening period, the final BW of steers in the 24-month treatment group (812.84 kg) was greater (p < 0.05) than that of steers in the 20-month treatment group (750.39 kg). During the same period, steers in the 20- and 21-month treatment groups had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) ADG than those in the 22-month treatment group. The highest ADG (1.36 kg/day) was found in the 20-month treatment group (1.36), followed by the 21- (1.33 kg/day), 22- (1.22 kg/day), 23- (1.21 kg/day), and 24- (1.14 kg/day) month treatment groups. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased as the fattening period increased, and the FCR was 12.88% lower in the 20-month treatment group than in the 24-month treatment group. However, no significant differences were detected in back-fat thickness, loin area, marbling score, and chemical characteristics (water, crude protein, and crude fat content) among the treatment groups. The composition of fatty acids including C18:0, C18:1, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, and poly-unsaturated fatty acids did not differ among the experimental groups. As the fattening period increased, production costs increased, resulting in a decrease in gross income. The gross income for steers in the 24-month treatment group was 35.8% and 23.5% lower than that for steers in the 20- and 21-month treatment groups, respectively. Taken together, the best performance, including the ADG, FCR, and gross income, was obtained when the fattening program of the Holstein steers lasted 20 months.
Evaluating Storage and Effective Moduli of In Situ Polymerised and Melt Extruded PA6 Graphite (G) Composites

Four PA6/graphite (G) composites systems were made. Two using in situ polymerisation equivalent in mixing strain and two systems melt extrusion of equivalent processing strain. The effective modulus of the carbons, room temperature storage modulus and storage modulus at 80⁰C were evaluated. The composite/unfilled PA6 ratios at E25 and that at E80 for the in situ polymerised system IG 40/10 are 1.37 and 1.63, respectively. For the in situ polymerised system IG 20/20, the same were 1.96 and 2.28, respectively. For the melt-extruded systems, G 100/6 had the best E25 ratio of 1.67 and E80 of 2.03, whereas the same for G 200/3 system were respectively 1.87 and 2.64. While the better storage modulus properties exhibited by IG 20/20 in the in situ polymerised system is associated with a better filler connectivity network that enhanced heat dissipation. The better values shown in the G 200/3 melt-extruded system is associated with the lesser extrusion, which significantly reduced the tendency to thermal decay. Effective modulus for the in situ polymerised systems IG 40/10 and IG 20/20 were 7.5GPa and 8.9GPa while that of melt-extruded systems G200/3 and G100/6 tallied at 8.2 GPa.
Gender composition of ownership and management of firms and the gender digital divide in Africa

Purpose: This study analysed the determinants of firms’ adoption and utilisation of digital technologies in Africa, with specific attention to the gender structure of firms’ ownership and management, in the interest of closing the gender digital divide. Design/methodology/approach: Logistic and Poisson regression techniques were used to analyse firm-level data from the World Bank’s Enterprise Survey in 48 African countries for the period 2006–2019. Findings/results: (1) Representation: The descriptive analysis shows very low representation of women in the ownership and management of firms in Africa. Whilst just over a quarter of the firms were partly women-owned, less than 10% are majority- or all-women-owned and only 12% have women as a top manager. The results are a comparison of firms according to gender composition. (2) Adoption: The regression estimates suggest that firms that are partly women-owned are more likely to adopt digital technologies, but all-women-owned and firms with women as top managers are less likely to adopt digital technologies for their business activities. These results on the adoption of digital technologies remained consistent with the results on utilisation of digital technologies for business activities. (3) Utilisation: Partly women-owned or women-led firms are less likely to use digital technologies for business activities such as using the Internet for research and placing orders. However, these firms are more likely to use e-mail for business communication. Partly women-owned firms are more likely to use digital technologies more intensively, whilst the opposite was observed for majority- or fully women-owned and women-led firms. Practical implications: This study highlights the need for initiatives focussed on developing women in Africa’s knowledge and use of digital technologies in business. Based on the results, women are urged to enhance their skills in this domain. This may present greater opportunities in terms of employment of women to increase women’s representation. Originality/value: The article contributes to knowledge on the nexus between gender digital divide and gender inequality in ownership and management of firms. The results may also inform initiatives to narrow the digital divide in Africa.
In-Band SCS Reduction of Microstrip Phased Array Based on Impedance Matching Network

A novel method to reduce in-band scattering cross section (SCS) of a phased array while maintaining high radiation performance is proposed in this article, by using a special impedance matching network. The optimum load impedance curves of a phased array element are theoretically analyzed according to the antenna scattering mechanism first, and they are approximated by an impedance matching network cascaded to the element afterward. Then, an E-plane <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times32$ </tex-math></inline-formula> linear microstrip array antenna operating in 8–10 GHz is designed to validate the proposed idea, and a parallel <italic>RLC</italic> circuit is adopted to match the optimum element impedance curves in the operating band, whose <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C$ </tex-math></inline-formula> values are determined by minimum mean square error criterion. Practically, the <italic>RLC</italic> circuit is implemented simply by strip lines with open-circuited and short-circuited shunt stubs, as well as an impedance transformer. According to numerical and experimental studies, the proposed array antenna features an obvious in-band SCS reduction (SCSR) of typically above 6 dB compared to its conventional counterpart without the impedance matching network, while maintaining high radiation, aperture efficiencies, and reflection coefficient around −10 dB.
Finding Self Among Others: Navigating the Tensions Between Personal and Social Identity

Personal and social identity are critical for entrepreneurs. However, tensions arise in entrepreneurial experiences due to the independence underlying personal identity and embeddedness underlying social identity. In this qualitative study, we explore how novice and experienced entrepreneurs navigate these tensions. We find that novice entrepreneurs are focused on discovering their personal identity via broad interactions within social groups. Experienced entrepreneurs devote more time to their ventures and less time in social groups but they value the targeted collaborations within these social groups. We discuss the mechanisms that underlie the paradox between centrality and salience of personal and social identity.
Responsive leadership within professional learning networks for sustainable professional learning

ABSTRACT After outlining the central role of leadership for individual and interorganisational learning in sustainable Professional Learning Networks (PLN), this article describes Austria’s professional learning environment and professional learning (PL) within this changing field. In order to meet urgent institutional requests for sustainable PL, new organisational responses are needed. The authors highlight the implications of the notion of responsiveness, framing it as resulting from interorganisational practices such as PLNs and as ensuring sustainable organisational leadership capabilities within PLNs. After describing the two levels of the study (meso and micro), the findings, which are based on two case studies in Austrian schools, show that the role played by PLNs in challenging professional learning environments is blurry. The discussion shows that these case studies have extended the single-level approach deployed in previous studies. The article concludes by highlighting the specific leadership role that is required within PLNs in order to establish responsiveness, change routines and thus enhance professional learning.
Smart specialization: a spontaneous four-step process in the mixed Arab–Jewish region of Haifa and Nazareth

ABSTRACT Smart specialization is studied in the Arab–Jewish region of Haifa and Nazareth, with a focus on high-tech ventures created by Arab entrepreneurs. We find that not only did smart specialization occur under these complex conditions, but also it was spontaneous. It began with the sharing of entrepreneurial knowledge held by Jewish entrepreneurs through social networks set up by grassroots organizations. Policy initiatives in support of this process followed, helping to reshape the region’s socioeconomic structure. Therefore, we argue that smart specialization followed a four-phase process: a pre-phase of knowledge transfer between the two communities, followed by Foray’s three phases .