Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sputtered C-Axis Inclined Piezoelectric Films and Shear Wave Resonators

Sputtered piezoelectric films are being studied for potential application to VHF through microwave frequency acoustic wave devices. This paper reports on the growth and characterization of C-axis inclined ZnO and AlN films for shear wave resonators. Orientation relationships for shear wave excitation were calculated for these films which suggest a nearly pure shear wave could be excited with films having C-axis orientation approximately 45/sup 0/ from the surface normal. At other angles, quasi-shear and quasi-longitudinal waves are excited. The well oriented ZnO or AlN films with C-axis inclined from the film normal were grown in a reactive dc planar magnetron sputtering system having an auxiliary anode structure. These films were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and BAW device measurements. The columnar structure of the C-axis crystallites, inclined from the Si substrate normal, was clearly visible in SEM. Films having C-axis inclination angles up to 45/sup 0/ and thicknesses up to 10 microns have been obtained. Composite resonators were fabricated by sputtering ZnO or AlN films onto the p/sup +/ Si membrane. Typically, these resonators exhibited Q s of about 5000 in 200 MHz to 500 MHz fundamental resonance range. Of particular interest is the temperature compensation of resonant frequency.more » Resonators having an absolute temperature coefficient of series resonant frequency of less than 1 ppM/C/sup 0/ around room temperature have been made for both ZnO/Si and AlN/Si composite structures. The temperature coefficient of the ZnO and AlN plate resonators was also measured to be -36.2 ppM/C/sup 0/ and -25 ppM/C/sup 0/ which suggested the temperature coefficient of the p/sup +/ Si membrane to be about +9 ppM/C/sup 0/ in the shear mode. « less
Cyclic Performance of Concrete-Backed Stone Masonry Walls

The seismic performance of concrete-backed stone masonry walls subject to cyclic load is experimentally evaluated. Six 1/3-scale, single-story, single-bay wall samples were tested. Three of these samples were constructed using an old construction method and the other three were constructed using a new construction method. The influence of the type of construction, applied vertical loads, and existence of dowels between the infill concrete panel and the base on the lateral resistance, ductility, energy-dissipation, stiffness degradation, and failure mechanisms were investigated. The experimental results indicate that an increase in the applied vertical load resulted in a substantial increase in both the lateral strength and stiffness of the tested samples. The type of construction had no influence on the ultimate lateral load resistance. The existence of the dowels caused the diagonal cracks to be shifted upward far from the base. Also, the dowels gave a better distribution and smaller widths for these dia.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Studies of Gas-Solid Flows in a Horizontal Pipe, Subjected to an Adiabatic Wall, Using a Variable Gas Properties Eulerian Model

Abstract In the present paper, a variable gas properties Eulerian model is employed to model the gas-solid heat transfer in a three-dimensional horizontal pipe, subjected to an adiabatic wall. The numerical model has been validated with the benchmark experimental data and other theoretical results available in the literature, and found satisfactory agreements. Moreover, the numerical heat transfer results considering the variable gas properties (i. e. density, dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat) and constant gas properties are compared. It is noticed that the variable gas properties significantly affect the heat transfer, when compared to the constant gas properties. Therefore, the consideration of constant gas properties for the prediction of heat transfer may not be suitable in gas-solid flows, subjected to an adiabatic wall. Moreover, the temperature profiles, solid volume fraction profiles, and gas-solid Nusselt number are discussed. Finally, the pressure drop prediction with respect to the solid loading ratio is studied, and found that the pressure drop slightly decreases with increasing the solid loading ratio.
Microbiota of different wine grape berries

The wine grape berries share a complex microbial ecology including filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria. The microbiota reveals different physiological characteristics and depends on the grape ripening stage and the availability of nutrients with different effect on wine production. The microbiota of grape berries (n = 12) was isolated and identified in the present study. The samples were collected in September 2018. Grape berries were obtained from Vrbovo vineyard located in Slovakia. The grape berries investigated belonged to Blue Frankish, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Dornfelder, Feteasca regala, Green Veltliner, Irsai Oliver, Mūller Thurgau, Pálava, Pinot Blanc, Rhinriesling and Welschriesling varieties. The microorganisms were cultivated on Malt extract agar (MEA) at 25 °C for five days in aerobically for microscopic filamentous fungi and Tryptone Soya agar (TSA) at 37 °C for 24 – 48 h aerobically for bacteria and yeasts. Total bacterial counts on different wine grape berries ranged from 2.57 ±0.09 in Chardonnay to 4.39 ±0.21 log CFU.g-1 in Pálava. Microscopic filamentous fungi count ranged from 1.18 ±0.03 in Blue Frankish to 2.60 ±0.17 log CFU.g-1 in Welschriesling. MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper mass spectrometry was used for identification of microorganisms (bacteria and yeasts) and microscopic filamentous fungi with manuals. The most identified microscopic fungal species was Alternaria sp. , for yeasts Issatchenkia orientalis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides for bacteria.
Powering Sustainable Mobility: Roadmaps of Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles [Point of View]

In a world where environmental protection and energy conservation are growing concerns, the development of electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles has taken on an accelerated pace. The dream of having commercially viable electric and hybrid vehicles is becoming a reality. It is important that the automobile companies have both proper technical and commercialization roadmaps hand-in-hand. The company CEOs should take the lead in drawing the technical and commercialization roadmaps. This task should not just be dedicated to the R&D departments or sales departments, since this is a major project that will have major effects on the company and society. In addition to having clear objectives, the senior management should also have holistic and creative thinking to oversee the progress of the project.
The Electrification of America: The System Builders

Isaiah Berlin in The Hedgehog and the Fox quoted the Greek poet Archilochus, who wrote, "The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing. " This essay on the "Electrification of America" is about hedgehogs. Sir Isaiah describes them as those "who relate everything to a single central vision, one system less or more coherent or articulate. " Foxes, in contrast, pursue many ends, "often unrelated and even contradictory. " Berlin categorizes Dante, Plato, Lucretius, Pascal, Hegel, Dostoyevsky, Nietzsche, Ibsen, and Proust among the hedgehogs.1 I want to add Thomas Edison, Samuel Insull, and S. Z. Mitchell.
Light intensity regulates stoichiometry of benthic grazers through changes in the quality of stream periphyton

In mountain streams, light is a key factor for primary production and primary producer nutrient stoichiometry, or the relative composition of carbon (C) compared to phosphorous (P) and nitrogen (N) in primary producers. Light conditions, therefore, determine the stoichiometric quality of food available to grazers because periphyton primary producers are one of the most important food sources for grazers in stream communities. Here, one of our main goals was to analyze the stoichiometric response of macroinvertebrate grazers to different periphyton nutrient ratios that result from different light conditions. We hypothesized that the elemental imbalance between a consumer and its food source can change depending on food quality and the nutrient content of the consumer. Considering that under high light conditions photoinhibition causes low C∶nutrient ratio in periphyton, we further expected that this inhibition would result in high food quality. Thus, the gap between the food quality needs of the consumer and the quality of food would be smaller. In addition, we expected better food quality to stimulate grazer growth and, thus, increase grazer body size. To test these hypotheses, we conducted a field study and a 3-mo field experiment in which we manipulated light (unshaded and shaded treatments) in a glacier-fed, naturally canopy-free stream in the North-Patagonian Andes. In our field study and during the experiment, grazers were dominated by the stonefly Notoperla magnaspina and the mayfly Meridialaris chiloeensis. C∶P and C∶N ratios of Notoperla magnaspina did not vary significantly in response to different light intensities. In contrast, M. chiloeensis showed higher variability in elemental composition and had significantly higher C∶P and C∶N ratios under reduced light conditions tracking the differences in C content of the periphyton. We interpret the light manipulation experiments to show that the elemental imbalance between periphyton and Notoperla magnaspina increased under low-light conditions as a result of an increase in the periphyton C∶nutrient ratio. Our findings highlight the importance of light as a modulator of C fluxes in the benthic ecosystem. We conclude that light availability can play a key role in determining elemental imbalances within mountain stream food webs.
Synergy Versus Trade-Off: The Influence of National Philanthropic Environment and Industry on the Relationship Between Research and Development and Corporate Social Responsibility

International marketing research has demonstrated that research and development (R&D) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are firm capabilities that can lead to competitive advantages in the international marketplace. A synergy versus trade-off dilemma on the R&D–CSR relationship has emerged as an important topic in the literature. The synergy approach suggests a positive link between R&D and CSR, whereas the trade-off approach suggests a negative link. The authors employ the resource-, institution-, and industry-based views to clarify this dilemma by examining two moderators at the country and industry levels. The authors envision that home-country national philanthropic environment (NPE) influences whether managers should take synergy or trade-off approach because NPE reflects the institutional pressures for firms to be more philanthropic. Further, because research finds that CSR differs between manufacturing and service firms, this industry categorization is hypothesized to moderate the effects of NPE on the R&D–CSR relationship. Estimating a hierarchical linear model with a sample of 888 firms across 15 countries, the authors show that in high-NPE countries, there is an R&D–CSR synergy, and in low-NPE countries, there is a trade-off. Furthermore, these relationships are relevant only within service industries rather than manufacturing industries.
HOT MIX RECYCLING EVALUATION IN WASHINGTON STATE. FINAL REPORT

The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) has completed construction of twenty-four hot-mix recycle projects as of January, 1985. At the beginning of this study there were sixteen completed projects that were to be examined. Evaluation of the laboratory and pavement performance data shows that WSDOT's initial two projects, Renslow to Ryegrass (1977) and Yakima River to West Ellensburg Interchange (1978), are still performing very well. Although the other fourteen projects have been constructed only within the last two and a half years, the early data indicate equally promising results. Because of the impressive pavement performance exhibited by the recycled pavements, together with hot-mix recycle benefits such as conservation of natural resources, feasibility of construction, and its cost advantage over new ACP, hot-mix recycling has become an attractive addition to the WSDOT paving program.
The Suppression of a R2R3-type LoMYB gene damaged the anther dehiscence in lily

Background Lilies are the widely cultivated cut flowers worldwide, while lily anthers carry a large amount of colored pollen dispersed easily to stain petals that makes serious problems for commerical sales. Improving pollen pollution in lily is one of the major goals of lily breeding.Results In this study, we identified a putative R2R3 MYB transcription factor LoMYB from oriental lily ( Lilium sp. ‘Siberia’). LoMYB mainly expressed in anther wall during the late stages of lily anther development. Suppression of LoMYB by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in lily led to a failure of the anthers to dehisce. Induction of LoMYB in DEX:: LoMYB transgenic Arabidopsis by spraying dexamethasone (DEX), caused the rosette leaves turning yellow and the inflorescences becoming procumbent and infertile. And the induced genes in Arabidopsis include developmental programmed cell death (PCD) and secondary wall biosynthesis (SWB) related genes. These results suggested that MYB regulated anther dehisce possibly through promoting the PCD and SWB processes in cells.Conclusions Our results demonstrated the indispensable role of LoMYB in lily anther dehisce, discovered LoMYB participated in PCD and SWB regulatory processes, and provide a possibility of using LoMYB silencing to produce anther-indehicent lilies.
CAN EFFECTIVE PARENTING REDUCE ANGER AMONG ADOLESCENTS? AN EVIDENCE-BASED LITERATURE REVIEW

1. Research Scholar, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, SHUATS, Prayagraj. 2. Assistant Professor, School of Development Studies, IIHMR University, Jaipur, Rajasthan. 3. Assistant Professor (Senior Grade), Department of Human Development and Family Studies, SHUATS, Prayagraj. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 30 June 2020 Final Accepted: 31 July 2020 Published: August 2020
FcγRIIB-I232T polymorphic change allosterically suppresses ligand binding

FcγRIIB bindings to its ligand suppress immune cell activation. A single-nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) change, I232T, in the transmembrane (TM) domain of FcγRIIB loses its suppression function, which clinically associates with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Previously, we reported that I232T tilts FcγRIIB’s TM domain. In this study, combining with molecular dynamics simulations and single-cell FRET assay, we further revealed that such tilting by I232T unexpectedly bends the FcγRIIB’s ectodomain towards plasma membrane to allosterically impede FcγRIIB’s ligand association. We then used single-cell biomechanical assay to further find out that I232T also reduces two-dimensional in-situ binding affinities and association rates of FcγRIIB interacting with its ligands by three-folds. This allosteric regulation by a SNP provides an intrinsic molecular mechanism for functional loss of FcγRIIB-I232T in SLE patients.
Air-Blast Effects on Structural Shapes of Finite Width

In blast engineering, many designs begin with simplified hand procedures with the loading parameters determined based upon a reflective surface of infinite size. Individual structural members such as columns have finite widths and should be considered as finite surfaces for blast loading calculations. A study was performed to investigate the effect of finite flange width on blast loadings on structural components. The diffraction of a blast wave around the leading edges of the cross section and the propagation of rarefaction waves from the leading edges to the column centerline leads to a more rapid reduction in reflected pressure than that of an infinite surface: a process that is widely known as clearing. A series of analyses were performed using the computational fluid dynamics code Air3d. Peak reflected pressures are not changed by the "finiteness" of the section, although the reflected impulse can be substantially reduced by clearing. For a given charge mass, held constant for a range of stand-off distances, R, impulse is approximately proportional to 1/R when considering an infinite surface. If clearing is considered, the reflected impulse is still proportional to 1/R, but can be 50% lower than the value computed for an infinite surface, which has significant implications for blast resistant design of structural components.
Time-domain (FE/FDTD) technique for solving complex electromagnetic problems

A hybrid finite element finite-difference time-domain (FE/FDTD) technique for solving complex electromagnetic problems is presented. The method combines the computational simplicity of the structured FDTD scheme with the versatility as well as flexibility of the finite-element method (FEM) and enables us to accurately model curved geometries and those with fine features. Numerical results that illustrate the accuracy of the method are included.
Modeling and Optimizing the Size of the Power Conditioning Unit for Photovoltaic Systems

Photovoltaic (PV) systems, grid-connected or stand-alone, use the power conditioning unit (PCU) to optimize the energy transfer from the PV generator to the user load by using the maximum power point tracker, and also to invert, regulate, and wave shape the power between the components of the system. To study and optimize this system, different PCU models are applied. In this work different empirical models of the PCU have been set up. The purpose of this investigation is to verify the possibility of the PCU application to this system and study the different mathematical energy efficiency models. All these models have been simulated and compared with a typical real system to show which one is better. The second part of the paper includes the optimal size of the PCU with the PV system and also an application comparison between two possible locations for varied geographical latitudes, in Kassel/Germany (middle Europe) and Cairo/Egypt (North Africa).
Regular yoga exercises and quality of life in women with low back pain - a pilot study

Back pain symptoms are one of prevailing disfunctions that determine lowering quality of life and functioning in work environment becoming not only a health problem, but also a social problem in developed countries. In available literature yoga exercises are more and more indicated as a method of leveling low back pain. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of 8-week yoga exercises on quality of life and back pain symptoms by it’s location and intensity in women with normal and excessive body weight. Twenty seven women completed both surveys (preliminary and evaluation), and systematically took part in yoga exercises for 8 weeks. The duration of a single yoga class was 45-60 minutes long. Yoga exercise program required attending to a conducted yoga classes (ashtanga yoga, yin yoga, hatha yoga, vinyasa yoga and yoga for hips and spine), at least twice a week for two months. After 8 weeks 92,59% of participants of program declared noticeable reduce in back pain intensity related to yoga exercises (including 22,22% of complete pain relief). Pain in the lumbar region of the spine was still dominating after 8 weeks (55,56%). It was observed that the majority of the SF-36 health domains scores increased values after 8-week yoga program, what could be related to the reduce of back pain intensity. After 8-week yoga program decrease in mean values of body mass were observed, however these changes were not statistically significant. Two-month yoga intervention may be recommended as a complementary physiotherapeutic method in low back pain treatment as well as to improve the quality of life for women. The relationship between yoga and prevention of obesity requires further research on larger group and the impact of obesity phenotypes is needed to be investigated.
Thermodynamic performance simulation of a twin-screw multiphase pump

Abstract A twin-screw pump is a positive displacement pump widely used in various applications such as the petroleum, shipbuilding and foodstuff industries. It can pump some special fluids, such as multiphase fluids and non-Newtonian fluids, which cannot be boosted by other kind of pumps. Profile generation, rotor geometry characteristics and mathematical models to predict the backflow within twin screw multiphase pumps are presented in this paper. On the basis of this analysis, the fundamental equations are provided to simulate the working process of the pump. Also presented is a discussion on the relationship between the slippage rate and the differential pressure, suction pressure, gas void fraction and the rotor rotational speed. In order to verify the mathematical model, performance data of a prototype multiphase pump are measured and the pressure generation process is recorded by using a signal analyser. From the comparison between the simulation result and experimental data, it is shown that the model can simulate the working process of a twin-screw multiphase pump successfully.
Modal pushover procedures for seismic evaluation of reinforced concrete structures: using new nonlinear single degree of freedom systems

This study performs a pushover procedure called Modified-UMRHA for seismic analysis of a reinforced concrete structure, based on the UMRHA (uncoupled modal response history analysis) procedure proposed by Chopra and Goel. The objective is to investigate three approaches for setting up nonlinear single degree of freedom systems drawn from modal pushover curves. These curves are obtained using a non-adaptive load pattern equal to the consistent mass matrix times the modal shape. These approaches are applied on the 14-storey Grenoble City Hall studied in the framework of the ARVISE French research program. The results obtained from the Modified-UMRHA using different proposed nonlinear single degree of freedom systems are compared with those from a rigorous nonlinear response history analysis. Cette étude présente une procédure de pushover nommée Modified-UMRHA pour l’analyse sismique des structures en béton armé, basée sur la procédure UMRHA proposée par Chopra et Goel. L’objectif est d’examiner trois approches se distinguant par la définition de systèmes non linéaires à un degré de liberté à partir des courbes de modal pushover. Ces courbes sont obtenues en utilisant un chargement non adaptatif égal à la matrice de masse consistante multipliée par la déformée modale. Ces approches sont appliquées sur un bâtiment de 14 étages, l’Hôtel de Ville de Grenoble étudié dans le cadre du programme de recherche ARVISE. Les résultats obtenus de la procédure Modified-UMRHA en utilisant différents systèmes non linéaires à un degré de liberté, sont comparés avec ceux issus de l’analyse non linéaire dynamique rigoureuse.
THE INTERACTION OF DRIVING SPEED, STEERING DIFFICULTY AND LATERAL TOLERANCE WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO AGRICULTURE

Abstract The paper describes an experiment designed to test an index of tracking difficulty for agricultural driving tasks as an analogy to Fitts' Index of Movement Difficulty. The proposed index is defined as a function of the ratio of vehicle width to tolerance available. The results suggest that while the original proposal had some merit a better index may be one in which the dominant term is the reciprocal of the maximum heading angle error.