Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in yield of tomato irrigated with salty water varied by soil properties and irrigation practices: A meta-analysis

ABSTRACT It has been extensively investigated whether salt water can be used as an alternative water resource for irrigation in tomato production due to the increasing freshwater scarcity. Changes in tomato yield under salt water irrigation were variable, ranging from −96.8% to 36.2%. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed by collecting 988 paired comparisons from 69 articles to draw a quantitative summarization that there was a significant negative effect of salt water irrigation on tomato yield with a grand mean decrease of 27.8%. Compared to the control, tomato yield significantly reduced by 39.0% on average following saline water irrigation (SI), significantly higher than that under brackish water irrigation (BI). Medium soil is the most suitable place to apply salt water for irrigation. BI performed best in alkali soil, while following SI higher tomato yield was obtained in non-alkali soil. There was a trend whereby decreased soil bulk density and soil salinity led to smaller reduction in tomato yield regardless of irrigation water salinity. Applying local irrigation or discontinuous irrigation was more possible to achieve higher tomato yield under salt water irrigation. These findings can provide a reference for developing rational salt water irrigation policies in tomato production.
Sustainability awareness in the Portuguese wine industry: a grounded theory approach

ABSTRACT In order to bridge the knowledge-gap between sustainability awareness and the old world winegrowing culture, this research explores and analyses perceptions of key individuals in Portuguese wine industry regarding sustainability issues, uncovering intercultural trends, expectations and tensions. A grounded theory approach was used on collected nationwide data from semi-structured interviews with leading wine specialists. After conducting an inductive qualitative-content analysis using IRAMUTEQ software, results displayed key domains of concern rooted into three lexical macro ramifications analogous to the environmental-social-governance factors. The sector’s tendency to approach sustainability based on different strategies of action was also exposed. These are the fuse of two main strategic profiles: impact assessment versus value creation; with external exposure versus inward orientation approach. Findings may be used as a reference to wine managers and policy-makers pursuing sustainability goals. The development of a sustainability framework with guidelines is also recommended for standardized accounting and valuation principles in line with the Portuguese context.
A New Example of Explode-Decay Solitary Waves in One-Dimension

We have found a new example of the 1+1 dimensional explode-decay solitary waves. The equation is the classical Boussinesq equation written as u t =((1+ u ) v - v x x ) x , v t =( u +(1/2) v 2 ) x where subscripts represent partial derivatives. The explode-decay solitary wave solutions are expressed by the Hermite polynomials. Backlund transform and the inverse scattering transform scheme have been obtained. We have shown that the present solutions are related to the rational solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation i ψ t +ψ x x -2ψ * ψψ=0.
Medication administration errors reporting by Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses in Malaysia: A nationwide study

Aim: To determine the willingness and barriers of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)-based nurses in Malaysian hospitals in reporting medication errors. Background: Reporting incidents is important in improving patients’ safety and developing a healthy culture of learning from mistakes. Method: Three self-developed scenarios, ranging from mild, moderate to severe medication administration errors, were used to identify nurses’ willingness to report an error. A validated questionnaire assessing barriers to reporting errors was adapted. The sample size calculated was 139. All 22 NICUs in government-funded hospitals were approached. Nurses were randomly recruited and given a URL to access the online questionnaire. Results: Of 182 nurses from 15 hospitals who participated, 91.2% (n=166) were willing to report medication errors and patient safety was the main concern to report it. Among the nurses (n=16, 8.8%) who chose not to report medication errors, they were worried about getting into trouble (87.5%), information being shared with managers (56.3%), disciplinary actions and medico-legal issues (50.0%). Conclusion: Most NICU nurses were willing to report a medication error, and the barriers to the minority of them not reporting should be given attention. Implications: Reassurance by the managers for not penalizing the nurses who report an error should be emphasized in the incident reporting policy.
Do upper leg compression garments aid performance and reduce exercise-induced muscle damage in recreational marathon runners?

Background Despite the lack of scientific knowledge on the physiological and biomechanical effects of wearing compression garments (CGs), there has been an increase in the use of compression garments (CG) amongst endurance runners. Objectives To compare marathon race performance, post-race pain, and mid-thigh circumference in marathon runners using upper leg CGs, with runners who did not use CGs in the same marathon race. Methods The study was conducted on healthy, long-distance runners (n=18) participating in the Winelands Marathon race, Cape Town, South Africa. The CG group (n=10) participated in the race wearing upper leg CGs, while the control group (n=8) did not. Participants were tested on three occasions for various subjective markers of exercise-induced muscle damage (Visual analogue scale (VAS) pain rating score, and Likert scale for muscle pain), mid-thigh circumference for muscle swelling, and running performance (race pace). Results VAS pain ratings for hamstring (p=0.04), knee flexion (p=0.02) and hip extension (p=0.04) were significantly lower than the ratings of the control group immediately post-race and two days post-race. No statistically significant differences were detected in race performance, mid-thigh circumferences or Likert scale for determination of muscle soreness. Discussion Wearing of upper leg CGs while running a marathon race improved VAS pain ratings immediately post-race through to two days post-race. However, due to no placebo control, this beneficial effect may be psychological as opposed to a physiological effect of the CGs on muscle pain. Conclusion The use of upper leg CGs reduced subjective muscle pain in runners in the first 48 hours post-race.
Discovering the Rare Tolypella intricata
(Trentepohl ex Roth) Leonh. 1863 (Charales,
Charophyceae) in Poland

Tolypella intricata is one of the rarest charophytes from the genus Tolypella that can be found both in Poland and in Europe. Rarely found in the last 200 years, it was recently rediscovered in two localities in eastern Poland in the Lublin region. In this article, we present two new locations of T. intricata in Poland that make is a significant contribution to a closer understanding of the distribution of the biology and ecology of this species. The article provides basic information on the autecology of T. intricata together with the associated macrophyte vegetation. The morphology and ecology data are compared with the literature, along with a critical review of such information found in the literature. The results of molecular tests confirming the new position of T. intricata are also presented.
Development of E-Worksheet Based on Discovery Learning to Improve Students' Decision-Making Skill and Scientific Attitude

The goal of this study is to create an E-worksheet product based on discovery learning that will help students improve their decision-making skills and scientific attitudes. This E-worksheet was created using the 4D development methodology, which includes the processes of define, design, develop, and disseminate. Students in class XI science SMAN 6 Mataram served as test subjects for this study. The limited trial is taught in one lesson, while the wide trial is taught in two classes. The ANCOVA test, descriptive percentage techniques, and percentage of agreement were used to analyze the data. The practicality data analysis revealed that teachers and students responded with a percentage of 80 and 86.42 percent, respectively, showing that the E-worksheet evolved in the practical category. The results of the effectiveness test using the ANCOVA test obtained Fcount > Ftable (8.28 > 3.98) on decision-making skills and Fcount > Ftable (6.94 > 3.98) on scientific attitude with a significant level of 5%. The null hypothesis (H0) is rejected, which means that E-worksheet influences discovery learning to improve students' decision-making skills and scientific attitudes in grade-eleventh science students. The E-worksheet based on discovery learning is practical and successful for enhancing students' decision-making skills and scientific attitudes toward grade-eleventh science students, according to the research objectives and findings.
Malignancy risk with tofacitinib versus TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the open-label, randomised controlled ORAL Surveillance trial

Objectives To evaluate malignancies and their associations with baseline risk factors and cardiovascular risk scores with tofacitinib versus tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods In an open-label, randomised controlled trial (ORAL Surveillance; NCT02092467), 4362 patients with RA aged ≥50 years with ≥1 additional cardiovascular risk factor received tofacitinib 5 (N=1455) or 10 mg two times per day (N=1456) or TNFi (N=1451). Incidence rates (IRs; patients with first events/100 patient-years) and HRs were calculated for adjudicated malignancies excluding non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), NMSC and subtypes. Post hoc analyses for malignancies excluding NMSC, lung cancer and NMSC included risk factors identified via simple/multivariable Cox models and IRs/HRs categorised by baseline risk factors, history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (HxASCVD) and cardiovascular risk scores. Results IRs for malignancies excluding NMSC and NMSC were higher with tofacitinib (combined and individual doses) versus TNFi. Risk of lung cancer (most common subtype with tofacitinib) was higher with tofacitinib 10 mg two times per day versus TNFi. In the overall study population, the risk of malignancies excluding NMSC was similar between both tofacitinib doses and TNFi until month 18 and diverged from month 18 onwards (HR (95% CIs) for combined tofacitinib doses: 0.93 (0.53 to 1.62) from baseline to month 18 vs 1.93 (1.22 to 3.06) from month 18 onwards, interaction p=0.0469). Cox analyses identified baseline risk factors across treatment groups for malignancies excluding NMSC, lung cancer and NMSC; interaction analyses generally did not show statistical evidence of interaction between treatment groups and risk factors. HxASCVD or increasing cardiovascular risk scores were associated with higher malignancy IRs across treatments. Conclusions Risk of malignancies was increased with tofacitinib versus TNFi, and incidence was highest in patients with HxASCVD or increasing cardiovascular risk. This may be due to shared risk factors for cardiovascular risk and cancer. Trial registration numbers NCT02092467, NCT01262118, NCT01484561, NCT00147498, NCT00413660, NCT00550446, NCT00603512, NCT00687193, NCT01164579, NCT00976599, NCT01059864, NCT01359150, NCT02147587, NCT00960440, NCT00847613, NCT00814307, NCT00856544, NCT00853385, NCT01039688, NCT02281552, NCT02187055, NCT02831855, NCT00413699, NCT00661661
Acetylation State of Lysine 14 of Histone H3.3 Affects Mutant Huntingtin Induced Pathogenesis

Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine-coding CAG repeat in the Huntingtin gene. One of the main causes of neurodegeneration in HD is transcriptional dysregulation that, in part, is caused by the inhibition of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) enzymes. HD pathology can be alleviated by increasing the activity of specific HATs or by inhibiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes. To determine which histone’s post-translational modifications (PTMs) might play crucial roles in HD pathology, we investigated the phenotype-modifying effects of PTM mimetic mutations of variant histone H3.3 in a Drosophila model of HD. Specifically, we studied the mutations (K→Q: acetylated; K→R: non-modified; and K→M: methylated) of lysine residues K9, K14, and K27 of transgenic H3.3. In the case of H3.3K14Q modification, we observed the amelioration of all tested phenotypes (viability, longevity, neurodegeneration, motor activity, and circadian rhythm defects), while H3.3K14R had the opposite effect. H3.3K14Q expression prevented the negative effects of reduced Gcn5 (a HAT acting on H3K14) on HD pathology, while it only partially hindered the positive effects of heterozygous Sirt1 (an HDAC acting on H3K14). Thus, we conclude that the Gcn5-dependent acetylation of H3.3K14 might be an important epigenetic contributor to HD pathology.
Victim-blaming and image-based sexual abuse

Image-based sexual abuse (IBSA) is a growing, global problem. This article reports on a mixed-methods, multi-jurisdictional study of IBSA across the United Kingdom, Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. Attitudes of blame and minimisation of harms among a sample of the general population (n = 6109) were analysed using two multiple regression analyses that assessed the ability of three demographic and three experiential characteristics to predict attitudes. Interviews were also conducted with 43 stakeholders and analysed thematically. Survey respondents who attributed more blame and minimised harms to a greater extent tended to be men, heterosexual, and had experienced or perpetrated more IBSA behaviours. Those who reported greater engagement in sexual self-image behaviours were also more likely to minimise harms. Interview participants suggested attitudes of blame and minimisation may be linked to broader problematic attitudes around sexual violence and sexual double standards, with women more likely to experience blame for IBSA. Our findings are of international relevance and highlight the need for multifaceted policies, education campaigns and training that challenge these attitudes.
Effect of Inclination Grooves on Axial Flow Compressor Stability: An Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study

In the present study, various groove casing treatments were evaluated under a high-speed subsonic axial flow compressor using experimental and numerical simulation methods. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of inclination of grooves on compressor stability and performance. The potential flow mechanisms were also evaluated. Three different inclination grooves were designed in this study: grooves with no inclination, grooves with 30 degrees upstream inclination and grooves with 30 degrees downstream inclination. Similar effect of the grooves on the compressor stability and efficiency was observed under experimental and numerical analyses. The grooves with no inclination, 30 degrees upstream inclination and 30 degrees downstream inclination enhanced stall margin by 6.08%, 8.74% and 3.03%, respectively. The peak efficiency losses of the three types of grooves were 1.62%, 0.94% and 2.33%, respectively. Tip flow field analyses demonstrated that the radial transport effect caused by grooves effectively reduced tip loads and alleviated tip blockage. This explains why the grooves enhanced the compressor stability. The radial transport effect was enhanced, and a larger stall margin improvement was obtained when grooves inclined upstream were applied. The tip flow loss was the dominant loss observed after grooves were applied on the compressor. The grooves with upstream inclination markedly reduced the tip flow loss, indicating that they exhibited the lowest effect on reducing compressor efficiency compared with the other types of grooves.
Revisiting the 3-4 April 1974 Super Outbreak of Tornadoes

Abstract The Super Outbreak of tornadoes over the central and eastern United States on 3–4 April 1974 remains the most outstanding severe convective weather episode on record in the continental United States. The outbreak far surpassed previous and succeeding events in severity, longevity, and extent. In this paper, surface, upper-air, radar, and satellite data are used to provide an updated synoptic and subsynoptic overview of the event. Emphasis is placed on identifying the major factors that contributed to the development of the three main convective bands associated with the outbreak, and on identifying the conditions that may have contributed to the outstanding number of intense and long-lasting tornadoes. Selected output from a 29-km, 50-layer version of the Eta forecast model, a version similar to that available operationally in the mid-1990s, also is presented to help depict the evolution of thermodynamic stability during the event.
A Reliability of Active and Passive Knee Joint Position Sense Assessment Using the Luna EMG Rehabilitation Robot

Joint position sense (JPS) is the awareness of joint location in space, indicating accuracy and precision of the movement. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the reliability of active and passive JPS assessment regarding the knee joint. This was carried out using the Luna EMG rehabilitation robot. Further analysis assessed whether the examination of only the dominant site is justified and if there are differences between sites. The study comprised 24 healthy male participants aged 24.13 ± 2.82 years, performing sports at a recreational level. Using the Luna EMG rehabilitation robot, JPS tests were performed for the right and left knees during flexion and extension in active and passive mode, in two separate sessions with a 1-week interval. Both knee flexion and extension in active and passive modes demonstrated high reliability (ICC = 0.866–0.982; SEM = 0.63–0.31). The mean JPS angle error did not differ significantly between the right and left lower limbs (p < 0.05); however, no between-limb correlation was noted (r = 0.21–0.34; p > 0.05). The Bland–Altman plots showed that the between-limb bias was minimal, with relatively wide limits of agreement. Therefore, it was concluded that the Luna EMG rehabilitation robot is a reliable tool for active and passive knee JPS assessment. In our study, JPS angle error did not differ significantly between left and right sides; however, the slight asymmetry was observed (visible in broad level of agreement exceeding 5° in Bland–Altman plots), what may suggest that in healthy subjects, e.g., active athletes, proprioception should always be assessed on both sides.
Ray tracing propagation modeling for future small‐cell and indoor applications: A review of current techniques

Applied for the first time to mobile radio propagation modeling at the beginning of the nineties, ray tracing is now living a second youth. It is probably the best model to assist in the design and planning of future short‐range, millimeter‐wave wireless systems, where the more limited propagation environment with respect to UHF frequencies allows to overcome traditional high‐CPU time limitations while the higher operating frequency makes ray‐optics approximations less drastic and allows to achieve an unprecedented level of accuracy. An overview of ray tracing propagation modeling is given in this paper, with a special attention to future prospects and applications. In particular, frontiers of ray‐based propagation modeling such as extension to diffuse scattering, multidimensional channel characterization, multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) capacity assessments, and future applications such as real‐time ray tracing are addressed in the paper with reference to the work recently carried out at the University of Bologna.
A nonstandard discretization method for Lotka–Volterra models that preserves periodic solutions

Three discretization schemes are applied to the Lotka–Volterra competition models with an interior fixed point. The local dynamics of these discrete-time models near the interior fixed point are analysed. One of the discrete models shows dynamical consistency with the continuous model in the sense that it produces periodic solutions when the continuous model does posses periodic solutions while the other two discrete models produce solutions which either spiral into or out of the fixed point. The discrete model derived from Kahan's discretization method preserves Hopf bifurcations in the continuous model.
New Mitogenome Features of Philopotamidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) with Two New Species of Gunungiella

Simple Summary The cosmopolitan family of Philopotamidae Stephens 1829 currently includes 26 genera and more than 1500 extant species, and is represented by three subfamilies, Paulianodinae, Chimarrinae and Philopotaminae. In past studies, the genus Gunungiella Ulmer 1913 has been subordinate to the subfamily Philopotaminae. The new species in this study provided additional distribution data to the genus and also provided mitogenome data support for evolutionary lineage studies. Abstract A total of 14 individuals of Philopotamidae, from China, were examined. Six species in four genera, including two new species of the genus Gunungiella, were recognized. Their COI barcode sequences were extracted, mitogenomes were sequenced, assembled and analyzed. All of these sequences were used to further reveal the phylogenetic relationships of the family Philopotamidae. In addition, two new species: Gunungiella wangi n. sp. , Gunungiella flabellata n. sp. were described and illustrated.
Behavioral effects of a low molecular weight peptide fraction from Phaseolus vulgaris in rats

Seminal studies stated that bean proteins are efficient neuronal tracers with affinity for brain tissue. A low molecular weight peptide fraction (<3kDa) from Phaseolus vulgaris (PV3) was previously reported to be antioxidant, non-cytotoxic, and capable of reducing reactive oxygen species and increasing nitric oxide in cells. We evaluated the effects of PV3 (5, 50, 100, 500, and 5000 µg/kg) on behavior and the molecular routes potentially involved. Acute and chronic PV3 treatments were performed before testing Wistar rats: i) in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) to assess the anxiolytic-like effect; ii) in the open field (OF) to evaluate locomotion and exploration; and iii) for depression-like behavior in forced swimming (FS). Catecholaminergic involvement was tested using the tyrosine hydroxylases (TH) enzyme inhibitor, α-methyl-DL-tyrosine (AMPT). Brain areas of chronically treated groups were dissected to assess: i) lipid peroxidation (LPO); ii) carbonylated proteins (CP); iii) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymatic activities. Neuronal nitric oxide synthases (nNOS) and argininosuccinate synthase (ASS) protein expression was evaluated by western blotting. Acute treatment with PV3 increased the frequency and time spent in the EPM open arms, suggesting anxiolysis. PV3 increased crossing episodes in the OF. These PV3 effects on anxiety and locomotion were absent in the chronically treated group. Acute and chronic PV3 treatments reduced the immobility time in the FS test, suggesting an antidepressant effect. TH inhibition by AMPT reverted acute PV3 effects. PV3 decreased LPO and CP levels and SOD and CAT activities, whereas nNOS and ASS were reduced in few brain areas. In conclusion, PV3 displayed central antioxidant actions that are concomitant to catecholaminergic-dependent anxiolytic and antidepressant effects.