Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The K-theory of filtered deformations of graded polynomial algebras

Recent discoveries make it possible to compute the K-theory of certain rings from their cyclic homology and certain versions of their cdh-cohomology. We extend the work of G. Corti\~nas et al. who calculated the K-theory of, in addition to many other varieties, cones over smooth varieties, or equivalently the K-theory of homogeneous polynomial rings. We focus on specific examples of polynomial rings, which happen to be filtered deformations of homogeneous polynomial rings. Along the way, as a secondary result, we will develop a method for computing the periodic cyclic homology of a singular variety as well as the negative cyclic homology when the cyclic homology of that variety is known. Finally, we will apply these methods to extend the results of Michler who computed the cyclic homology of hypersurfaces with isolated singularities.
On a New Faster Implicit Fixed Point Iterative Scheme in Convex Metric Spaces

The purpose of this paper is to consider a new implicit iteration and study its strong convergence, stability, and data dependence. It is proved through numerical examples that newly introduced iteration has better convergence rate than well known implicit Mann iteration as well as implicit Ishikawa iteration and implicit iterations converge faster as compared to corresponding explicit iterations. Applications of implicit iterations to RNN (Recurrent Neural Networks) analysis are also presented.
Stability, gain, and robustness in quantum feedback networks (13 pages)

In this paper we are concerned with the problem of stability for quantum feedback networks. We demonstrate in the context of quantum optics how stability of quantum feedback networks can be guaranteed using only simple gain inequalities for network components and algebraic relationships determined by the network. Quantum feedback networks are shown to be stable if the loop gain is less than one--this is an extension of the famous small gain theorem of classical control theory. We illustrate the simplicity and power of the small gain approach with applications to important problems of robust stability and robust stabilization.
Cosmological parameter estimation using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)

Obtaining the set of cosmological parameters consistent with observational data is an important exercise in current cosmological research. It involves finding the global maximum of the likelihood function in the multi-dimensional parameter space. Currently sampling based methods, which are in general stochastic in nature, like Markov-Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC), are being commonly used for parameter estimation. The beauty of stochastic methods is that the computational cost grows, at the most, linearly in place of exponentially (as in grid based approaches) with the dimensionality of the search space. MCMC methods sample the full joint probability distribution (posterior) from which one and two dimensional probability distributions, best fit (average) values of parameters and then error bars can be computed. In the present work we demonstrate the application of another stochastic method, named Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), that is widely used in the field of engineering and artificial intelligence, for cosmological parameter estimation from WMAP seven years data. We find that there is a good agreement between the values of the best fit parameters obtained from PSO and publicly available code COSMOMC. However, there is a slight disagreement between error bars mainly due to the fact that errors are computed differently in PSO. Apart from presenting the results of our exercise, we also discuss the merits of PSO and explain its usefulness in more extensive search in higher dimensional parameter space.
HERSCHEL/HIFI SEARCH FOR HO AND HO IN IRC+10216: CONSTRAINTS ON MODELS FOR THE ORIGIN OF WATER VAPOR

We report the results of a sensitive search for the minor isotopologues of water, HO and HO, toward the carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch star IRC+10216 (a.k.a. CW Leonis) using the HIFI instrument on the Herschel Space Observatory. This search was motivated by the fact that any detection of isotopic enhancement in the HO and HO abundances would have strongly implicated CO photodissociation as the source of the atomic oxygen needed to produce water in a carbon-rich circumstellar envelope. Our observations place an upper limit of 1/470 on the HO/HO abundance ratio. Given the isotopic 17O/16O ratio of 1/840 inferred previously for the photosphere of IRC+10216, this result places an upper limit of a factor 1.8 on the extent of any isotope-selective enhancement of HO in the circumstellar material, and provides an important constraint on any model that invokes CO photodissociation as the source of O for H2O production. In the context of the clumpy photodissociation model proposed previously for the origin of water in IRC+10216, our limit implies that 12C16O (not 13C16O or SiO) must be the dominant source of 16O for H2O production, and that the effects of self-shielding can only have reduced the 12C16O photodissociation rate by at most a factor ∼2.
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Parenting Style-Four Factors Questionnaire (PS-FFQ)

Background. Parents are especially important for young teens, and they have a considerable impact on adolescents’ de velopment and social adaptation. One of the important factors for understanding parental influence on children’s development is the concept of “parenting style”. this was conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Parenting Style-Four Factor Questionnaire (PS-FFQ). Material and methods. The study included 992 mothers of female students in Tabriz, Iran. Construct validity was assessed by using exploratory factor analyses with varimax rotation and principal component analysis extraction method and by confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the feasibility of the measure was judged based on ceiling and floor effects. Reliability of the questionnaire was determined using internal consistency. Results. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed four factors, which included 30 of the 32 items and also accounted for 32.91% of the variance. In the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), the fit indices indicated: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.92, Tuck -er-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.90, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.04, providing a strong fit to the data. The internal consistency for the overall scale was acceptable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.70). Conclusions. The PS-FFQ provides a more comprehensive assessment of parenting styles of adolescents’ parents and may be suitable for wider use. It could also be applicable for psychologists and researchers to examine and identify parenting styles. words:
Experiences of Professionals Ensuring the Protection of Children from Violence

Violence leaves long-lasting scars on children's lives and protecting children from violence remains an important and pressing issue for researchers, public policy makers and public service professionals. This article aims to reveal the experiences of professionals who ensure the protection of children from violence. The following tasks have been set: first, to define a theoretical approach to the practical protection of children from domestic violence; second, to determine the peculiarities of ensuring the protection of children from violence by means of analysis of the experience of specialists. The study used semi-structured interviews. The research in municipality N revealed that various specialists from state and non-governmental institutions are involved in the process: psychologists, child protection specialists, social workers, social educators, employees of medical institutions, mobile teams, police representatives and children's day care centers. The study results showed that one of the most significant positive aspects of ensuring the protection of children from post-reform violence is an established case management position and having a mobile team. The following advantages of providing mobile team support tools have emerged: identifying the initial difficulties of family members and a thorough, in-depth analysis of the problem across a wide range of areas of life; intensive involvement of professionals in assisting the family and the child. The study highlighted the main work challenges that professionals have to overcome: quality assurance at work, emotional experiences at work, the need for psychological support, the ability to manage stressful situations, working with problem adolescents, parental aggression and the reluctance of children and parents to accept help. There are various obstacles in implementing the assistance plan for professionals (unopened investigation, lack of services and availability of services) and therefore it is necessary to find ways to overcome these obstacles.
Optimizing cosmic shear surveys to measure modifications to gravity on cosmic scales

We consider how upcoming photometric large scale structure surveys can be optimized to measure the properties of dark energy and possible cosmic scale modifications to General Relativity in light of realistic astrophysical and instrumental systematic uncertainities. In particular we include flexible descriptions of intrinsic alignments, galaxy bias and photometric redshift uncertainties in a Fisher Matrix analysis of shear, position and position-shear correlations, including complementary cosmological constraints from the CMB. We study the impact of survey tradeoffs in depth versus breadth, and redshift quality. We parameterise the results in terms of the Dark Energy Task Force figure of merit, and deviations from General Relativity through an analagous Modified Gravity figure of merit. We find that intrinsic alignments weaken the dependence of figure of merit on area and that, for a fixed observing time, a fiducial Stage IV survey plateaus above roughly 10,000deg2 for DE and peaks at about 5,000deg2 as the relative importance of IAs at low redshift penalises wide, shallow surveys. While reducing photometric redshift scatter improves constraining power, the dependence is shallow. The variation in constraining power is stronger once IAs are included and is slightly more pronounced for MG constraints than for DE. The inclusion of intrinsic alignments and galaxy position information reduces the required prior on photometric redshift accuracy by an order of magnitude for both the fiducial Stage III and IV surveys, equivalent to a factor of 100 reduction in the number of spectroscopic galaxies required to calibrate the photometric sample.
Paving the way for increased e-health record use: elaborating intentions of Gen-Z

ABSTRACT This paper presents the determinants of personal e-health records adoption by the Gen-Z population and reveals barriers to use. Gen-Z members are one of the most prominent users of digital health services that have an influence on older generations’ technology adoption but have often been overlooked in scholarly research. A survey of 1,000 Gen-Z university students based on modified UTAUT was used to address this research gap. The analysis revealed the vital role of social influence in paving the way for higher adoption among Gen-Z. Moreover, significant influences of performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, and e-health literacy on behavioural intentions were detected. Effort expectancy was found to be insignificant in impacting Gen-Z’s intentions to adopt electronic health record systems. Moreover, privacy concerns acted as a barrier to adoption, yet the offsetting effect of users’ trust in health systems was shown to be instrumental in overcoming such privacy-related barriers.
Legendre symmetry and first order phase transitions of homogeneous systems

In this work we give a characterisation of first order phase transitions as equilibrium processes on the thermodynamic phase space for which the Legendre symmetry is broken. Furthermore, we consider generalised theories of thermodynamics, where the potential is a homogeneous function of any order $\beta$ and we propose a (contact) Hamiltonian formulation of equilibrium processes. Indeed we prove that equilibrium corresponds to the zeroth levels of such function. Using these results we infer that the description in equilibrium of first order phase transitions is possible only when the potential is a homogeneous function of order one, unless a generalised Zeroth Law is postulated in order to allow for equilibrium between sub-parts of the system at different values of the intensive quantities. Finally, we show the example of the Tolman-Ehrenfest effect.
Two-Stage Stochastic Optimization Model for Multi-Microgrid Planning

This paper presents a Two Stage stochastic Programming (TSSP) model for the planning of Multi-Microgrids (MMGs) in Active Distribution Networks (ADNs). The model aims to minimize the total costs while benefiting from interconnections of Microgrids (MGs), considering uncertainties associated with electricity demand and Renewable Energy Sources (RESs). The associated uncertainties are analyzed using Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) and probability distribution functions (pdfs). The model includes long-term purchase decisions and short-term operational constraints, using Geographical information Systems (GIS) to realistically estimate rooftop solar limits. The planning model is used to study the feasibility of implementing an MMG system consisting of 4 individual Microgrids (MGs) at an ADN in a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The results show that the TSSP model tends to be less conservative than the deterministic planning model, which is based on simple and pessimistic reserve constraints, while performing faster than a simple Stochastic Linear Programming (SLP) algorithm, with higher accuracy.
Magnon Kerr Effect in a Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics System

We experimentally demonstrate magnon Kerr effect in a cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system, where magnons in a small yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere are strongly but dispersively coupled to the photons in a three-dimensional cavity. When the YIG sphere is pumped to generate considerable magnons, the Kerr effect yields a perceptible shift of the cavity central frequency and more appreciable shifts of the magnon modes. We derive an analytical relation between the magnon frequency shift and the drive power for the uniformly magnetized YIG sphere and find that it agrees very well with the experimental results of the Kittel mode. Our study paves the way to explore nonlinear effects in the cavity QED system with magnons.
THE COMPOSITION OF INTERSTELLAR GRAINS TOWARD ζ OPHIUCHI: CONSTRAINING THE ELEMENTAL BUDGET NEAR THE DIFFUSE-DENSE CLOUD TRANSITION

We investigate the composition of interstellar grains along the line of sight toward ζ Ophiuchi, a well-studied environment near the diffuse-dense cloud transition. A spectral decomposition analysis of the solid-state absorbers is performed using archival spectroscopic observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope and Infrared Space Observatory. We find strong evidence for the presence of sub-micron-sized amorphous silicate grains, principally comprised of olivine-like composition, with no convincing evidence of H2O ice mantles. However, tentative evidence for thick H2O ice mantles on large (a ≈ 2.8 μm) grains is presented. Solid-state abundances of elemental Mg, Si, Fe, and O are inferred from our analysis and compared to standard reference abundances. We find that nearly all of the Mg and Si atoms along the line of sight reside in amorphous silicate grains, while a substantial fraction of the elemental Fe resides in compounds other than silicates. Moreover, we find that the total abundance of elemental O is largely inconsistent with the adopted reference abundances, indicating that as much as ∼156 ppm of interstellar O is missing along the line of sight. After taking into account additional limits on the abundance of elemental O in other O-bearing solids, we conclude that any missing reservoir of elemental O must reside on large grains that are nearly opaque to infrared radiation.
Black magic session of concordance: Regge mass spectrum from Casson's invariant

Recently, there had been a great deal of interest in obtaining and describing of all kinds of knots in links in hydrodynamics, electrodynamics, non Abelian gauge field theories and gravity. Although knots and links are observables of the Chern-Simons (C-S) functional, the dynamical conditions for their generation lie outside of the scope of the C-S theory. The nontriviality of dynamical generation of knotted structures is caused by the fact that the complements of all knots/links, say, in S^3 are 3-manifolds which have positive, negative or zero curvature. The ability to curve the ambient space thus far is attributed to masses. The mass theorem of general relativity requires the ambient 3-manifolds to be of non negative curvature. Recently, we established that, in the absence of boundaries, complements of dynamically generated knots/links are represented by 3-manifolds of non negative curvature. This fact opens the possibility to discuss masses in terms of dynamically generated knotted/ linked structures. The key tool is the notion of knot/link concordance. The concept of concordance is an adaptation of the concept of cobordism to knots and links. The logic of implementation of the concordance concept to physical masses results in new interpretation of Casson's surgery formula in terms of the Regge trajectories. The latest thoroughly examined Chew-Frautschi (C-F) plots associated with these trajectories demonstrate that the hadron mass spectrum for both mesons and baryons is nicely described by the data on the corresponding C-F plots. The physics behind Casson's surgery formula is similar but not identical to that described purely phenomenologically by Keith Moffatt in 1990. The developed topological treatment is fully consistent with available rigorous mathematical and experimentally observed results related to physics of hadrons
Diffuse radio emission in MACS J1752.0+4440

We report the discovery of large-scale diffuse radio emission in the galaxy cluster MACS J1752.0+4440 (z = 0.366). Using Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) observations we find that the cluster hosts a double radio relic system as well as a 1.65 Mpc radio halo covering the region between the two relics. The relics are diametrically located on opposite sides of the cluster centre. The NE and SW relics have sizes of 1.3 and 0.9 Mpc, respectively. In the case of an isolated binary merger event, the relative sizes of the relics suggest a mass ratio about 2:1. We measure integrated spectra of −1.16 ± 0.03 for the NE relic and −1.10 ± 0.05 for the SW relic. We conclude that this cluster has undergone a violent binary merger event and the relics are best explained by particles (re)accelerated in outwards travelling shock waves. The spectral indices suggest that the relics trace shock waves with Mach numbers (M) of around 3.5–4.5. These relatively high Mach numbers derived from the radio spectral index are comparable to those derived for a few other recently discovered relics. This implies that merger shocks with M > 3 are relatively common in cluster outskirts if our understanding of diffusive shock acceleration is correct.
NEUTRINO-DRIVEN EXPLOSION OF A 20 SOLAR-MASS STAR IN THREE DIMENSIONS ENABLED BY STRANGE-QUARK CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEUTRINO–NUCLEON SCATTERING

Interactions with neutrons and protons play a crucial role for the neutrino opacity of matter in the supernova core. Their current implementation in many simulation codes, however, is rather schematic and ignores not only modifications for the correlated nuclear medium of the nascent neutron star, but also free-space corrections from nucleon recoil, weak magnetism, or strange quarks, which can easily add up to changes of several 10% for neutrino energies in the spectral peak. In the Garching supernova simulations with the Prometheus-Vertex code, such sophistications have been included for a long time except for the strange-quark contributions to the nucleon spin, which affect neutral-current neutrino scattering. We demonstrate on the basis of a 20 M ⊙ ? > progenitor star that a moderate strangeness-dependent contribution of g a s = − 0.2 ? > to the axial-vector coupling constant g a ≈ 1.26 ? > can turn an unsuccessful three-dimensional (3D) model into a successful explosion. Such a modification is in the direction of current experimental results and reduces the neutral-current scattering opacity of neutrons, which dominate in the medium around and above the neutrinosphere. This leads to increased luminosities and mean energies of all neutrino species and strengthens the neutrino-energy deposition in the heating layer. Higher nonradial kinetic energy in the gain layer signals enhanced buoyancy activity that enables the onset of the explosion at ∼300 ms after bounce, in contrast to the model with vanishing strangeness contributions to neutrino–nucleon scattering. Our results demonstrate the close proximity to explosion of the previously published, unsuccessful 3D models of the Garching group.
EXPLORING THE PROPERTIES OF MILLIARCSECOND RADIO SOURCES

Cosmological applications of the “redshift—angular size” test require knowledge of the linear size of the “standard rod” used. In this paper, we study the properties of a large sample of 140 mas compact radio sources with flux densities measured at 6 and 20 cm, compiled by Gurvits et al. Using the best-fitted cosmological parameters given by Planck/WMAP9 observations, we investigate the characteristic length lm, as well as its dependence on the source luminosity L and redshift lm = lLβ (1 + z)n. For the full sample, measurements of the angular size θ provide a tight constraint on the linear size parameters. We find that cosmological evolution of the linear size is small ( ∣ n ∣ ≃ 10 − 2 ) ? > and consistent with previous analysis. However, a substantial evolution of linear sizes with luminosity is still required (β ≃ 0.17). Furthermore, similar analysis done on sub-samples defined by different source optical counterparts and different redshift ranges seems to support the scheme of treating radio galaxies and quasars with distinct strategies. Finally, a cosmological-model-independent method is discussed to probe the properties of the angular size of milliarcsecond radio quasars. Using the corrected redshift—angular size relation for the quasar sample, we obtained a value of the matter density parameter, &OHgr; m = 0.292 − 0.090 + 0.065 ? > , in the spatially flat ΛCDM cosmology.
CONNECTING THE DOTS: ANALYZING SYNTHETIC OBSERVATIONS OF STAR-FORMING CLUMPS IN MOLECULAR CLOUDS

In this paper, we investigate the extent to which observations of molecular clouds can correctly identify and measure star-forming clumps. We produced a synthetic column density map and a synthetic spectral-line data cube from the simulated collapse of a 5000 M☉ molecular cloud. By correlating the clumps found in the simulation to those found in the synthetic observations, clump masses derived from spectral-line data cubes were found to be quite close to the true physical properties of the clumps. We also find that the “observed” clump mass function (CMF) derived from the column density map is shifted by a factor of ∼3 higher than the true CMF, due to projection of low-density material along the line of sight. Alves et al. first proposed that a shift of a CMF to higher masses by a factor of three can be attributed to a star formation efficiency of 30%. Our results indicate that this finding may instead be due to an overestimate of clump masses determined from column density observations.