Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Regulation of Flavivirus Infection by Hijacking Exosome-Mediated Cell–Cell Communication: New Insights on Virus–Host Interactions

The arthropod-borne flaviviruses are important human pathogens, and a deeper understanding of the virus–host cell interaction is required to identify cellular targets that can be used as therapeutic candidates. It is well reported that the flaviviruses hijack several cellular functions, such as exosome-mediated cell communication during infection, which is modulated by the delivery of the exosomal cargo of pro- or antiviral molecules to the receiving host cells. Therefore, to study the role of exosomes during flavivirus infections is essential, not only to understand its relevance in virus–host interaction, but also to identify molecular factors that may contribute to the development of new strategies to block these viral infections. This review explores the implications of exosomes in flavivirus dissemination and transmission from the vector to human host cells, as well as their involvement in the host immune response. The hypothesis about exosomes as a transplacental infection route of ZIKV and the paradox effect or the dual role of exosomes released during flavivirus infection are also discussed here. Although several studies have been performed in order to identify and characterize cellular and viral molecules released in exosomes, it is not clear how all of these components participate in viral pathogenesis. Further studies will determine the balance between protective and harmful exosomes secreted by flavivirus infected cells, the characteristics and components that distinguish them both, and how they could be a factor that determines the infection outcome.
Does later retirement change your healthcare consumption ? Evidence from France

This paper examines the causal impact of later retirement on doctor visits among the French elderly. This question is of interest since spillover effects may arise if later retirement increases healthcare expenditure. I exploit the 1993 French pension reform in a two-stage least square to deal with the endogeneity of retirement. This reform leads to a progressive increase in claiming age, cohort by cohort from 1934 to 1943. I use a two-part model to disentangle between extensive and intensive margin. I use the administrative data HYGIE to observe both healthcare consumption between 2005 and 2015 and past careers. I find that an increase in retirement by four months decreases significantly the probability to have at least one doctor visit per year by 0.815 percentage point and decreases the number of doctor visits by 1.14% between ages 67 and 75. This effect is driven by the consumption of generalist doctor visits, and tends to be stronger for the first ages of consumption observed.
Computerizing Households and the Role of Investment-Specific Productivity in Business Cycles

Advancements in computer technology have reshaped not only business operations but also household consumption. We estimate a business-cycle model disaggregating consumer IT and non-IT durable goods from the capital stock. We find that shocks to the supply of IT durables account for more than half of the variation in house- holds' real expenditure on IT durables. Furthermore, investment-specific productivity shocks drove nearly half of the rapid growth in household durable expenditures during the 2000s. Nonetheless, they have small influence over output dynamics, because unlike business investment goods, consumer durables do not add to the productive capital of the economy. The shocks become important when household IT goods are complementary to firms' capital, such as when online services are provided through consumers' smartphones.
Analisis Tradisi Melemang dalam Kajian Etnomatematika Dan Penerapannya dalam Pembelajaran Matematika

The understanding of values in mathematics learning delivered by the teachers has not touched all possible aspects. Mathematics is seen as a tool to solve practical problems in the world of science alone, thus ignoring the view of mathematics as a human activity (Soedjadi, 2007). That view is not wrong at all, both are correct and in accordance with the growth of mathematics itself. However, due to or the impact of routine mathematics teaching so far, the view that states mathematics solely as a tool becomes inappropriate in the process of education of the nation's children. It often happens that the teacher places more emphasis on teaching the tool, the teacher tells or shows the tool, how the tool is used, how the child learns to use it, without knowing how the tool was made or without criticizing why the tool is used. In fact, not a few teachers are hooked to meet the target of high test scores so that many other values that are far more important for students are forgotten. The process of mathematics education as it is very possible for children to only memorize without understanding, even though they should be able to memorize only after understanding. Based on the description above in this study, the author explains the process of how to make lemang and how to lemang in learning mathematics, so the purpose of this study is to describe and identify mathematics learning in the tradition of melemang kerinci community, namely the community of Three villages (Koto Lolo, Koto Bento, Koto Tengah) Pesisir Bukit Kota Sungai Penuh District. This type of research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach that aims to get as complete information as possible about the implementation of ethno-mathematics in mathematics learning. Data collection methods using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques, then analyzed. The results show that in the tradition of melemang there is mathematics learning in the form of: 1. Tube Elements, 2. Tube Nets, 3. Tube Area, 4. Tube Volume which is part of the material from the Education Unit Level Curriculum (KTSP), School Level First Intermediate (SMP) in class IX Semester I and 5. Social Arithmetic in class VIII Semester I so that it can be concluded that the results of the study show that there is a community tradition of conducting mathematical activities and the application of ethnomatatics as a means to motivate, stimulate students, can overcome boredom and provide new nuances in mathematics learning. This research focuses on only one object sub-study. it is expected that further research will be further developed on other types and cultural traditions of the community and be assessed in order to be more efficient and effective in their discussions (in-depth and directed).
Resolution of Summertime East Asian Pressure Pattern and Southerly Monsoon Wind in CMIP5 Multi-model Future Projections

The southerly surface wind index over the summertime East Asia (SWI) is strengthened in the future in the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). However, the differences among the models are much larger than the ensemble average. The empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis is applied to the future changes in the East Asian surface pressure pattern responsible for the SWI. The ensemble average and five EOF modes for the pressure patterns and the associated precipitation changes are identified, and their possible sources are examined. The CMIP5 ensemble mean change in the summertime Asia Pacific surface pressure pattern possesses the char acteristics of the first to third modes. The first and second mode components contribute to the positive SWI in the future, but are cancelled mostly by the third mode component. The first mode is high surface pressure anomalies over low Asia Pacific sea surface temperature. The second mode is related to warm temperature anomalies over the Northern Hemisphere continents and the increased equatorial Pacific precipitation. The large model depen dence of the SWI is created by the third mode, which represents the weak Pacific High in northern East Asia and is characterized with suppressed vertical motions over the northern Indian and Pacific oceans. The fourth mode is the Okhotsk High. The fifth mode represents the east–west contrast of the southern East Asian surface pressure anomalies and is associated with the Northern Hemisphere ocean temperatures. The fourth and fifth modes feature the mean projection using the 10 models reproducing an accurate present-day summertime East Asian climatology. The mode-related suppressed vertical motions in global warming reflect the present-day vertical motion (i.e., precipitation) climatology; hence, the future increase/decrease in the SWI tends to be projected by models sim ulating the relatively small/large Asia Pacific monsoon precipitation over the tropical oceans, except near the mountains, in the present-day model climatology.
The potential of DNA origami to build multifunctional materials

The development of the DNA origami technique has revolutionized the field of DNA nanotechnology as it allows to create virtually any arbitrarily shaped nanostructure out of DNA on a 10–100 nm length scale by a rather robust self-assembly process. Additionally, DNA origami nanostructures can be modified with chemical entities with nanometer precision, which allows to tune precisely their properties, their mutual interactions and interactions with their environment. The flexibility and modularity of DNA origami allows also for the creation of dynamic nanostructures, which opens up a plethora of possible functions and applications. Here we review the fundamental properties of DNA origami nanostructures, the wide range of functions that arise from these properties and finally present possible applications of DNA origami based multifunctional materials.
Fraction organique de l'aérosol : Quantification et caractérisation de la fraction HUmic LIke

Les aerosols atmospheriques sont omnipresents dans l'air et jouent un role important a la fois a l'echelle globale, par leur action sur le bilan radiatif de la Terre, et a l'echelle locale, par leur impact sur la sante publique dans les zones fortement polluees. La matiere organique est l'un des constituants principaux de l'aerosol ; la complexite et l'heterogeneite de cette fraction ont jusqu'a present constitue des difficultes majeures a leur integration dans les etudes d'impact sanitaire ou climatique. 10 a 30% de la masse de cette fraction est constituee de « Humic Like Substances ». L'objectif de la these est de developper une methode fiable et efficace d'extraction et d'analyse des HULIS (HUmic LIke Substances) issus de l'aerosol atmospherique, et de determiner leurs distributions spatiales et temporelles, leurs sources majeures et leurs structures chimiques grâce a 250 echantillons collectes sur six sites urbains. L'identification des deux sources majeures des HULIS sur l'aerosol, a savoir les sources secondaires (photo-oxydation en phase aqueuse dans certains cas) en ete et les sources primaires liees a la combustion de biomasse en hiver, et ce, independamment du lieu geographique est demontree. Une difference significative de la structure chimique des HULIS provenant de ces deux sources majeures est observee : ils regroupent des composes plus aliphatiques et moins aromatiques en ete qu'en hiver, et leur teneur en groupements carboxyliques augmente de l'hiver a l'ete.
The Conflicting Links between Forecast-Confidence and Trading Propensity

Abstract While finance studies suggest that forecast-confidence motivates trading, the experimental findings regarding the confidence-trading links are inconclusive and statistically weak. Attempting to bridge the gap, we modify the standard interval forecasting task to measure forecast-confidence more directly. The adapted task is utilized to test the confidence-trading correlations at the attitudinal level and in specific scenarios. The attitudinal test surprisingly reveals that forecast-confidence negatively correlates with the inclination to churn one’s stock portfolio, although confidence in profitability indeed boosts the willingness to trade particular stocks. The attitudinal correlation is endogenous, brought by opposite personality and competence effects on confidence and trading.
COVID-19: how much unemployment was caused by the shutdown in Germany?

ABSTRACT This paper evaluates the short-term labour market impact of the COVID-19 containment measures in Germany. By assessing the treatment effect on unemployment via difference-in-difference estimation, we find that 60% of the considerably increased inflows from employment into unemployment in April 2020 were due to the shutdown measures. Disentangling further, we find that the hiring margin accounted for additional 82% of the unemployment effect coming from the separations margin. In sum, the shutdown measures increased unemployment in the short run by 117,000 persons.
Institutions, the social capital structure, and multilevel marketing companies

Abstract In multilevel marketing companies (MLMs), member-distributors earn income from selling products and recruiting new members. Successful MLMs require a social capital structure where members can access and mobilize both strong and weak social ties. Utah has a disproportionate share of MLM companies located in the state and a disproportionate number of MLM participants. We argue that Utah's dominant religious institutions have led to the emergence of a social capital structure, making MLMs particularly viable. Utah is the most religiously homogeneous state; roughly half its population identifies as members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The LDS Church's institutions foster a social capital structure where (almost all) members have access to and can leverage social capital in all its forms. LDS institutions encourage members to make meaningful social connections characterized by trust and reciprocity with other church members in local neighborhoods and across the world.
Solvent effects on guanidinium-anion interactions and the problem of guanidinium Y-aromaticity

We have calculated the complexes formed by guanidine/guanidinium and HCl/Cl−, HNO3/NO3− and H2SO4/HSO4− both in the gas and aqueous Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM) phase to understand the effect that solvation has on their interaction energies. In the gas phase, the cation–anion complexes are much more stable than the rest; however, when PCM-water is considered, this energetic difference is not as large due to the extra stabilization that the ions suffer when in aqueous solution. All the complexes were analyzed in terms of their AIM and NBO properties. In all cases, water solvation seems to “dampen” those properties observed in the gas phase. The values of Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS)(1) and NICS(2) indicate a huge influence of the proximity of the carbon atom for short distances; thus, the 3D NICS values on the van der Waal isosurfaces have been used to evaluate the possible Y-aromaticity of the guanidinium system. The isosurface in this system is more similar to cyclohexane than to benzene as indication of poor aromaticity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of large scale demonstration of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) improved variety JG-11 under CFLD programme in Vijayapur district

Frontline demonstration of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) was aimed to improve the production after bringing new variety in to cultivation in Vijayapur district of Karnataka. Studies were carried out to assess yield and economics of a new variety, JG-11 at the farmer’s field under cluster front line demonstration (CFLD) for two years (2018-19 to 2019-20). Among two varieties JG-11 recorded significantly higher yield (11.55 q ha) as compared to the local variety A-1 (8.45 q ha). Similar trend was observed for growth and yield parameters. The highest gross returns and BC ratio of Rs. 51447 ha and 2.06, respectively were realized with JG-11 variety as compared with local variety A-1.
Trends, opportunities and scope of libraries during Covid-19 pandemic

The whole world is suffering with COVID-19 pandemic, every institution, industry and public domain has been affected with the Coronavirus. In this pandemic situation, libraries have been the gateways of relevant information and knowledge for conducting research and development on the related subject areas. The Library and Information services started to gain importance by providing researchers the opportunity to explore medical and scientific research, while prevention of the disease. This Article brought out recent technological advancements and preventive measures taken in order to enhance the knowledge of library professionals to promote library resources and services. Keywords: Library resources, Information technology, COVID-19 Pandemic, Preventive measures, Library services.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Bitter Gourd: A Review

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is an important vegetable crop belongs to family Cucurbitaceae. It is locally known as Bitter Melon, Karela, Maiden apple and Balsam pear etc. Being an important contributor of vitamins and minerals particularly iron, phosphorus and ascorbic acid, bitter gourd ranks first among other cucurbits (Singh et al., 2012). The fruit contains two alkaloids viz., momordicin and cucurbitacin. A hypoglycemic principle called “charantin” has been isolated which is used for the treatment of diabetes (Raman and Lau, 1996). Due to increasing awareness about the nutritional and anti-diabetic value of bitter gourd, its demand has been increased both in domestic and international market. It has been identified as one of the potent vegetable for export by Agricultural Processed Food Products and Export Development Authority (APEDA) next to onion and okra in India. For any planned breeding programme aimed to improve yield potentials of crops, it is necessary to obtain adequate information on the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance present in the population (Singh et al., 2017). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 7 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Effect of chlorination on estrogenicity in chlorinated treated effluent

Effluents from sewage treatment plants can be discharged into rivers with estrogenic contaminants at levels sufficient to induce adverse reproductive and fertility developments in humans and wildlife. Of great concern in recent years are the estrogenic activities of chlorinated by-products (CBPs) in effluents. Simplified cell proliferation tests using the human estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 ATCC breast cancer cells (E-SCREEN) were performed to investigate the influence of chlorination on the estrogenicity in effluents. It was found that the increase of chlorine dosages from 0 mg/L to 4 mg/L led to the decrease of total content of estrogenic activity: the 17β-estradiol equivalent concentration (EEQ) from 22.40 to 8.35 ng/L. However, the increase of contact time from 10-30 minutes increased EEQ from 14.04 to 29.97 ng/L. Furthermore, increasing TOC level using humic acid from 5 mg/L to 15 mg/L in effluents correspondingly resulted in an increase of EEQ from 19.69-27.20 ng/L; it was thus confirmed that chlorination of humic acid could produce estrogenic by-products.
Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship: Implications for Venture Creation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution

This article explores the ways artificial intelligence (AI) may impact new venture processes, practices and outcomes. We examine how such technology will augment and replace tasks associated with idea production, selling, and scaling. These changes entail new ways of working, and we consider implications for the organizational design of entrepreneurial ventures. While AI can enhance entrepreneurial activities, liabilities stem from this technological leverage. We advance a research agenda that draws attention towards negative social and economic implications of AI, particularly for more traditional small firms at risk of disintermediation in an AI economy.
Is Audit Committee Equity Compensation Related to Audit Fees?*

Section 301 of SOX implicitly assumes that audit committees can independently determine audit fees. Critics of Section 301 have questioned this assumption, in particular, and the efficacy of Section 301, more generally. In response, the SEC issued a concept release in 2015 calling for public disclosure of the process that audit committees follow for determining auditor compensation. Motivated by these calls and the widespread use of stocks and options to compensate firms’ independent directors, we examine the relation between equity compensation granted to audit committee members and audit fees. Using a sample of 3,685 firm-year observations during 2007-2015, we find a negative relation between audit committee equity compensation and audit fees, consistent with larger equity pay inducing audit committee members to compromise independence by paying lower audit fees. These findings are robust to controlling for endogeneity, firm size, alternative measures of equity compensation, alternative samples, and an alternative treatment of extreme values. We further show that larger equity compensation is associated with lower earnings quality. We also find that the negative effect of equity compensation on audit fees is stronger when city-level audit market competition is high. However, this negative relation disappears when (1) firms face high litigation risk, (2) auditors have stronger bargaining power, (3) the audit committee includes a high proportion of accounting experts, and (4) auditors are industry experts. Our results are relevant to regulators and investors.
Elevated levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with bladder cancer depending on a tumor stage

Bladder Cancer (BC) is a common disease worldwide. Chronic inflammation is one of the key mechanisms for the development of BC. This study enrolled 40 patients. Preoperative plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12β, TNF-α and IFN-γ were determined by ELISA. In our study, we observed diverse changes in the levels of cytokines in patients with BC Stage I, II, III and IV. The levels of IL-1β was increased for stage I, stage II, and stage III. The level of TNF-α was increased for stage II, stage III, stage IV. The levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12β were increased in patients with stage III and IV only. The levels of IFNγ declined for stage II, stage III and stage IV with the lowest levels in patients with Stage IV. In our study, we investigated alteration in levels of Th-1 and Th-2-like cytokine profile, but some deficiency in Th1status discovered in patients with BC.