Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Historical Overview of Vascular Allograft Transplantation

There is a mix of therapeutic options for revascularisation in vascular surgery. The authors performed a literature review on the evolution of vascular allograft transplantation and its use and acceptance by vascular surgeons. This review exposed three stages: the first stage involved preliminary experimentation; the second stage was a decline in use due to long-term complications, and the third stage is its current use in special indications subject to a thorough analysis. There are few indications for the use of vascular allografts in clinical guidelines. However, there are publications of long series of case studies with variable results reflecting international use of the procedure. There is a current trend that favours its use with limited and individualised indications.
ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE METHANOLIC NUT EXTRACT ATTENUATED TESTICULAR DYSFUNCTIONS IN HIGH-FAT DIET AND STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC MALE WISTAR RATS

Background: Diabetes induces reproductive ailment and modern therapy is still unsatisfactory to combat diabetes-related reproductive impairment. This study investigated effect of Anacardium occidentale nut methanolic extract on testicular dysfunctions in high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats weighing (180 ± 20 g) were used for the experiment. Diabetes was induced with a repeated single dose of freshly prepared streptozotocin (35 mg/kgb.wt) injected intraperitoneally after fed with HFD for six weeks. The animals were randomly allotted into five groups, 8rats/group. Group I: control; Group II: diabetic control; Group III & IV: diabetic rats + low dose (100 mg/kgb.wt) and high dose (200 mg/kgb.wt) Anacardium occidentale nut methanolic extract; Group V: diabetic rats + 200 mg/kgbwp.o metformin for 28 days. Daily food and water intake with weekly body weight and fasting blood glucose were recorded throughout the experimental phase. On the last day of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, blood sample were collected and testes was harvested for biochemical assay. Results: Reproductive hormones, sperm parameters, testicular antioxidants, testicular B-cell lymphoma-2, testicular enzymes, body and weight of reproductive organs were significant (p<0.05) reduced in diabetic rats with significant (p<0.05) increase in blood glucose, insulin, sperm abnormalities, testicular caspase-3, testicular malondialdehyde (MDA), and food intake. Low dose (100 mg/kgb.wt) and high dose (200 mg/kgb.wt) Anacardium occidentale nut methanolic extract administration significantly (p<0.05) improved the testicular biochemical changes. Conclusion: Anacardium occidentale nut attenuated testicular dysfunctions and could be a novel therapy for diabetes-induced reproductive dysfunctions.
Assessment of Employees’ Perception of Workplace Diversity and its Influence on Job Satisfaction: Insights from Calgary Economic Region

Abstract The Worlds constantly changing work environment and the continual increase of multiculturalism, diversity, and inclusion have become an important issue among Human Resources practitioners and business leaders. Few studies have focused on how an employee’s perception of diversity impinges on their job satisfaction. This study quantitatively investigated how employees perceive workplace diversity and the inherent effects of such perceptions on their job satisfaction. Survey data was collected from 430 employees in the Calgary Economic region. The results showed that age is not a significant factor in employees’ perception of workplace diversity. However, their level of job satisfaction differed significantly. The results also showed that employees’ perception of workplace diversity and job satisfaction differed significantly based on sexual orientation, level of education, and ethnic origin. On the other hand, employees’ perceptions of workplace diversity and job satisfaction did not differ significantly based on gender and marital status. The study further revealed that the perception of workplace diversity programs is positively related to job satisfaction. Keywords: Workplace Diversity, Job Satisfaction, Motivation, Calgary Economic Region, Social Identity.
Method for Expanding Search Space With Hybrid Operations in DynamicNAS

Recently, a novel neural architecture search method, which is referred to as DynamicNAS (Dynamic Neural Architecture Search) in this paper, has shown great potential. Not only can various sizes of models be trained with a single training session through DynamicNAS, but the subnets trained by DynamicNAS show improved performance compared to the subnets trained by conventional methods. Although DynamicNAS has many strengths compared to conventional NAS, it has the drawback that different types of operations cannot be used simultaneously within a layer as a search space. In this paper, we present a method that allows DynamicNAS to use different types of operations in a layer as a search space, without undermining the benefits of DynamicNAS, such as one-time training and superior subnet performance. Our experiments show that common operation mixing methods, such as convex combination and set sampling, are inadequate for the problem, although they have a structure that is similar to the proposed method. The proposed method finds, from a supernet of hybrid operations, a superior architecture that cannot be found from a single-operation supernet.
Biocatalysts for biomethanol production: Advancements and future prospects

Biomethanol, a renewable and sustainable alternative to traditional fossil-fuel-derived methanol, has garnered considerable attention as a potential solution to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on non-renewable resources. The utilization of biocatalysts in biomethanol production offers a promising avenue to achieve environmentally friendly and economically viable processes. Paper highlights the biocatalytic pathways involved in biomethanol synthesis. Particular emphasis is placed on microbial biocatalysts, such as methanogenic archaea and certain bacteria, which possess the unique capability of converting carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol through a series of enzymatic reactions. Additionally, enzyme-based systems derived from various microorganisms and genetically engineered organisms are also discussed as potential biocatalysts for biomethanol synthesis. Paper also delves into the current challenges and limitations faced in harnessing biocatalysts for biomethanol production. These challenges include substrate availability, low conversion rates, enzyme stability, and process scalability. Several strategies to address these issues are highlighted, including metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and bioprocess optimization techniques. The advantages of utilizing biocatalysts for biomethanol production are outlined. Biocatalytic routes offer the advantage of operating under mild conditions, which reduces energy consumption and minimizes the production of unwanted by-products. Furthermore, the utilization of renewable feedstocks, such as carbon dioxide captured from industrial emissions or waste streams, enhances the sustainability of the process. The final section discusses future prospects and potential research directions in the field of biocatalytic biomethanol production. Advances in biotechnology, omics technologies, and computational modeling are poised to accelerate the discovery and optimization of novel biocatalysts, thereby unlocking the full potential of biomethanol as a sustainable fuel and chemical precursor. The use of biocatalysts for biomethanol production offers an attractive approach to establish a green and circular economy. With ongoing research and technological advancements, the field holds significant promise for reducing carbon emissions and transitioning towards a more sustainable energy landscape. However, to fully realize the potential of biocatalytic biomethanol production, interdisciplinary collaboration and concerted efforts are required to address existing challenges.
Association between ambient temperature and stroke risk in high-risk populations: a systematic review

Background Significant associations exist between ambient temperature and stroke risk, but results in high cardiovascular risk populations are lacking. This systemic review summarised current evidence on ambient temperature and overall stroke risk in a high cardiovascular risk population. Methods We performed a systematic literature search across MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and GEOBASE, from inception to 3 July 2023, to identify all population-based studies. Eligible studies screened by independent reviewers recruited individuals aged 18 years and over, where minimum 80% of participants had a high cerebral vascular disease (CVD) risk profile. The primary outcomes are stroke morbidity and mortality, while the secondary outcomes are morbidity and mortality of ischaemic stroke (IS), intracranial cerebral haemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SH). Results The database searches identified 9,025 articles. After removing duplicates, 7,647 articles were screened in title and abstract to identify 380 articles for full-text screening. After the full-text screening of 380 articles by two independent reviewers, 23 articles were included in the review. Conclusion The evidence for an association between ambient temperature and stroke incidence is that lower temperatures were more likely to increase morbidity and mortality risk of both haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke in older people. Conversely, higher ambient temperature is significantly associated with intracranial haemorrhage risk, but decreased risk with IS. Higher and lower ambient temperatures consistently increase stroke risks in patients with comorbidities of congestive heart failure and dyslipidaemia. This evidence implies the need to establish clinical guidelines for preventive intervention in patients with high stroke risks during extreme ambient temperatures.
Study on the assessment of cognitive and functional status for a segment of the population during the ageing process

Background: The aim of the paper is to assess the cognitive and functional status of a segment of the population for a senescent age group. These assessments can help develop intervention strategies to improve the cognitive and functional status of these individuals as well as promote a healthy and active lifestyle. The assessment of cognitive and functional status in a segment of the population during senescence can identify certain problems and deficiencies in cognitive and physical functioning and can help develop physical activities to optimize the cognitive and functional state of senescent people. Objectives: To identify the cognitive and functional profile of the studied age group; Pointing out risk factors for cognitive and functional deterioration; Suggesting physical activities to improve cognitive and functional status. Methods: The recorded data helps us develop personalized aquatic programs to improve health and physical performance, tailored to the individual needs of participants, to be used over 6 months in 2024. Results: The findings suggested by the collected data, recognises a significant link between subjects' body mass index and their physical test scores. Conclusions: Analysis of the data allows us to identify risk factors, including chronic conditions, adopted lifestyle, genetic influences or other environmental conditioning, that could contribute to cognitive and functional decline in the older population.
Single-cell profiling of CD11c+ B cells in atherosclerosis

Circulating CD11c+ B cells, a novel subset of activated B cells, have been linked to autoimmunity and shown to expand with age. Atherosclerosis is an age-associated disease that involves innate and adaptive immune responses to modified self-antigens. Yet, the expression of CD11c on specific B-cell subtypes and its link to atherosclerosis are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the frequency of CD11c+ B cells in tissues in mice with aging. We observed an age-associated increase in CD11c+ B cells in the spleen and bone marrow of ApoE−/− mice, and this was associated with an increase in aortic plaque. In addition, we also utilized single-cell multi-omics profiling of 60 human subjects undergoing advanced imaging for coronary artery disease (CAD) to subtype CD11c+ B cells and determine their frequency in subjects with high and low severity of CAD. Using unsupervised clustering, we identified four distinct clusters of CD11c+ B cells, which include CD27 and IgD double negative 2 (DN2), age-associated (ABC), CD11c+ unswitched memory (USWM), and activated Naïve (aNav) B cells. We observed an increase in the frequency of both ABC B cells and DN2 B cells in patients with high CAD severity. Pathway analysis further demonstrated augmentation of autophagy, IFNg signaling, and TLR signaling in DN2 cells in high-severity CAD patients. On the other hand, an increase in the negative regulator of BCR signaling through CD72 was found in ABC cells in low-severity CAD patients. Through investigating scRNAseq of atheroma, these DN2 cells were also found to infiltrate human coronary atheroma.
Comparative Study of Efficacy of Corticosteroid Versus Analogues PRP in Chronic Plantar Fasciitis in Andhra Pradesh Population

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common pathological condition of the foot and can be a challenge for cliniciansto treat successfully.Method: Out of 60 patients 30 patients were injected corticosteroid 2ml (8 mg) along with 0.5ml of plain 2% xylocaineusing 20G wide bore needle. PRP (platelet rich plasma) was prepared from the autologous blood, drawnfromcubital vein three BD vacutainer tubes which is 2.7 ml tube that contains 0.35 ml of 3.2% of sodium citrate as an anticoagulant. Blood was centrifuged twice, first time at 1200/rpm, second time 2400 rpm. The platelets were checkedrandomly by pathologist by Neubauer’s chamber method or auto analyser. PRP was injected at tenderness site,after injecting 2% of xylocaine with 20 Gauze needle and follow-up was done for a week, 6th week, 3rd month and6thmonths and outcomes of results were noted.Results: Clinical manifestations were VAS Baseline score – 7.137 in PRP group, 7.214 was in steroid group. Baselineof AOFAS was 53 (SD±5.12) in PRP group, 54.6 (SD±3.30) in steroid group. VAS score at 6th week was 2.62 in PRPgroup, 1.94 in steroid, at 3rd month 1.94 in PRP, 2.89 in steroid group, at 6th month 1.42 in PRP and 3.79 in steroidgroup. AOFAS scores was highly significant (p<0.001) at 6th weeks, 3rd months and 6th months.Conclusion: Corticosteroid therapy is more effective for short duration relief but PRP therapy is more effectivefor long term relief.
Diffusion-Weighted MRI as a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker in Colon Tumors

Simple Summary Adenomas may be mistaken for a malignant tumor during colonoscopy. Patients with confirmed colon tumors during colonoscopy underwent a Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) investigation using a 3.0 Tesla unit. We aimed to assess the usefulness of quantitative, diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) in colon tumors, in which accurate staging is becoming increasingly important, with new and more personalized treatment options. The endpoint was the surgically resected tumor specimens the mucinous colon tumors was classified based on T2 weighted images. We observed a significantly higher degree of restricted diffusion in colon carcinomas compared to adenomas. However, this difference was less pronounced in cases of mucinous-producing tumors. Abstract Purpose: To assess the use of quantitative diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) as a diagnostic imaging biomarker in differentiating between benign colon adenoma, early, and advanced cancer of the colon, as well as predicting lymph node involvement, and finally comparing mucinous-producing colon cancer with adenomas and non-mucinous colon cancer. Method: Patients with a confirmed tumor on colonoscopy were eligible for inclusion in this study. Using a 3.0 Tesla MRI machine, the main tumor mean apparent diffusion coefficient (mADC) was obtained. Surgically resected tumor specimens served as an endpoint, except in mucinous colon cancers, which were classified based on T2 images. Results: A total of 152 patients were included in the study population. The mean age was 71 years. A statistically significant mADC mean difference of −282 × 10−6 mm2/s [−419–−144 95% CI, p < 0.001] was found between colon adenomas and early colon cancer, with an AUC of 0.80 [0.68–0.93 95% CI] and an optimal cut off value of 1018 × 10−6 mm2/s. Only a small statistically significant difference (p = 0.039) in mADC was found between benign tumors and mucinous colon cancer. We found no statistical difference in mADC mean values between early and advanced colon cancer, and between colon cancer with and without lymph node involvement. Conclusion: Quantitative DW-MRI is potentially useful for determining whether a colonic tumor is benign or malignant. Mucinous colon cancer shows less diffusion restriction when compared to non-mucinous colon cancer, a potential pitfall.
Multi Objective Prioritized Workflow Scheduling Using Deep Reinforcement Based Learning in Cloud Computing

Workflow Scheduling is a huge challenge in cloud paradigm as many number of workflows dynamically generated from various heterogeneous resources and task dependencies in each workflow varies from each other. Therefore, if a workflow with more number of dependencies is not scheduled onto an appropriate Virtual Machine i.e. with low processing capacity which leads to delay in executing workflows and it results in increase of makespan, cost, energy consumption. In order to effectively schedule complex workflows i.e. with more task dependencies, we propose a novel multi objective workflow scheduling algorithm using Deep reinforcement Learning. Initially, priorities of all workflows calculated based on their dependencies and then calculated priorities of VMs based on electricity cost at datacenters to map workflows onto precise VMs. These priorities are fed to scheduler which uses Deep Q-Network model to dynamically schedule tasks by considering both priorities of tasks and VMs. Extensive simulations carried out on workflowsim by considering realtime scientific workflows (Montage, cybershake, Epigenomics, LIGO). Our proposed MOPWSDRL compared against existing state of art approaches i.e. Heterogeneous Earliest First Deadline, Cat Swarm Optimization, Ant Colony Optimization. Results revealed that our proposed MOPDSWRL outperforms existing state of art algorithms by minimizing makespan, energy consumption.
Observation of large enhancement in energy-storage properties of lead-free polycrystalline 0.5BaZr0.2Ti0.8O3–0.5Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3 ferroelectric thin films

Lead-free 0.5BaZr0. 2Ti0.8O3–0.5Ba0. 7Ca0.3TiO3 (BZT–BCT) thin films were deposited on Pt(1 1 1)/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The optimal ferroelectric response with a high saturation polarization Ps ~ 110 µC cm−2, remnant polarization Pr ~ 32.5 µC cm−2 along with a coercive field of 0.18 MV cm−1 was observed from the P–E hysteresis loops under an applied frequency of 1 kHz. A giant recoverable energy-storage density of 93.52 J cm−3 at an applied electric field ~3.47 MV cm−1 was observed. The optimized BZT–BCT thin films exhibited a high dielectric constant with a low dielectric loss at room temperature like their bulk counterpart (high dielectric constant (Ɛ ~ 121 81)) and low dielectric loss (tan δ ~ 0.01–0.03) properties. OPP-PFM images revealed switchable ferroelectric distinct polarization contrasts on the application of a ±12 V dc voltage on the conductive tip at room temperature. Observed enhanced dielectric, ferroelectric and energy density properties of BZT–BCT thin films are useful for next generation electrical energy storage applications.
Hatching success and growth of Snakehead (Channa lucius Cuvier, 1831) larvae and fry at different pH levels

Snakehead (Channa lucius Cuvier, 1831) is a species of potential aquaculture interest in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. However, their optimum environmental conditions have yet to be determined. This study aims to study the hatching success and larval and fry growth of C. lucius at six pH levels (5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, and 8.0). Two consecutive experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 focused on incubating eggs and nursing the yolk sac larvae, and was carried out in aquariums. The monitoring included incubation time (IT), hatching rate (HR), and deformation rate of the newly hatched larvae (DR). Larvae were also collected daily during nursing for growth determination. In Experiment 2, four-day-old fry after hatching from experiment 1 were reared in plastic tanks with live feeds for 30 days. Growth was checked every ten days, while survival rate (SR) and coefficient of variation (CV) were determined at the end of the experiment. pH 5.5–8.0 was favorable for incubation, larvae, and fry, as assessed through good indicators of IT, HR, DR, and larval length and weight growths, as well as length and weight growths, SR, and CV of fry. Furthermore, the lowest DR (0.33%) was at pH 5.5, while except for pH 7.0, the shortest IT (41.1 h) significantly differed from that at higher pH levels (p < 0.05), and the highest larval growth parameters were at pH 5.5–6.0; meanwhile, pH 5.5–6.5 supported a better life for fry, as showed by the significantly higher growth parameters (p < 0.05) and SR and CV improvements in fry after 30 rearing days. Overall, pH 5.5–8.0 was suitable for the early stages of C. lucius, in which pH 5.5–6.0 was better for incubation and larval growth and pH 5.5–6.5 was better for fry development.
Cognitive Profiles Stratified by Education Using Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Freezing of Gait

Purpose Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with freezing of gait (FOG) may present with complex and heterogeneous cognitive profiles. Owing to limited access to comprehensive neuropsychological battery in ordinary clinical practice, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is likely to be easily available cognitive data for comparisons among studies. This study aims to explore the cognitive profiles stratified by education using MoCA in PD patients with FOG. Patients and Methods PD patients with FOG (FOG+, n = 52) and without FOG (FOG-, n = 71) were included in our study. MoCA items were categorized into five subsections (attention/working memory, executive function, episodic memory, language, and visuospatial function) referring to previously published criteria. Cognitive assessments were compared based on five subsections between groups stratified by three education levels (0–6 years, 7–12 years, and >12 years). The association of cognitive measurements with FOG were analyzed using binary logistic regression models with adjustment for variables. Results The total scores and subscores of each subsection of MoCA were similar between two groups of each education level. Further detailed analysis showed that a composite measure labeled “Attention/working memory-Composite” (abbreviated to Attention-C), consisting of the scores of four items (target detection task, serial sevens, digit forward and backward, and sentence repetition), were lower significantly in FOG+ group compared with FOG- group in patients with education year ≤6 years. The significant association of Attention-C with FOG held true when controlling for disease duration, but not for H-Y stage, MDS-UPDRS III, HAMA, and HAMD. Conclusion Overall, our findings gave a hint that Attention-C derived from MoCA might be a potential factor associated with FOG in PD patients with lower education level (education year ≤ 6 years), which will need to be validated in future studies.