Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linear quadratic game and non-cooperative predictive methods for potential application to modelling driver–AFS interactive steering control

This paper is concerned with the modelling of strategic interactions between the human driver and the vehicle active front steering (AFS) controller in a path-following task where the two controllers hold different target paths. The work is aimed at extending the use of mathematical models in representing driver steering behaviour in complicated driving situations. Two game theoretic approaches, namely linear quadratic game and non-cooperative model predictive control (non-cooperative MPC), are used for developing the driver–AFS interactive steering control model. For each approach, the open-loop Nash steering control solution is derived; the influences of the path-following weights, preview and control horizons, driver time delay and arm neuromuscular system (NMS) dynamics are investigated, and the CPU time consumed is recorded. It is found that the two approaches give identical time histories as well as control gains, while the non-cooperative MPC method uses much less CPU time. Specifically, it is observed that the introduction of weight on the integral of vehicle lateral displacement error helps to eliminate the steady-state path-following error; the increase in preview horizon and NMS natural frequency and the decline in time delay and NMS damping ratio improve the path-following accuracy.
Seismic Analysis of Wind Turbines

An analytical model of an operating wind turbine to obtain the seismic response due to three base accelerations is presented. The model considers the flexibility of the blades in the flapping direction and the flexibility of the tower in bending and twisting. Blade aerodynamics and gyroscopic moments are included. A Vestas-V82 turbine is selected to demonstrate the methodology. The results show that only the first two tower modes in each direction (fore-aft and lateral) are mostly excited. It is found that the lateral motion of the wind turbine is more susceptible to experiencing large displacements since the aerodynamic effects are negligible in this direction. The stresses due to combined operational and seismic loads and due to extreme wind loads are less than the allowable stresses. The stresses calculated at the tower top section due to combined operational and seismic loads are larger than those due to extreme wind loads.
Numerical Analysis of Bio-Heat Transfer in a Spherical Tissue

This study use the Pennes bioheat equation in spherical co-ordinates to describe the heat transport occurring in biological tissues during magnetic tumor hyperthermai. A hybrid numberical scheme based on the Laplace transform, change of variables and the modified discretization technique in conjuncation with the hyperbolic shape functions is proposed for solving the present problem. The effects of blood perfusion, metabolism and the difference of thermophysical properties between the diseased and health tissues are explored. The accuracy of the numerical results is evidenced by comparing with the results in the literature. The metabolic heat generation rate and the blood perfusion rate practically affect the temperature rise behavior in vivo during hyperthermia treatment.
Performance Enhancement of Vertical Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor with SiGe in the δp+ Layer

The metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS)-based vertical tunnel field effect transistor (FET) on silicon has been proposed earlier and which showed gate-controlled band-to-band tunneling from the valence band in the heavily doped δp+ layer at source to the conduction band in the inversion channel. In this work, using 2D computer simulation, we further investigate the device performance enhancement with SiGe in the δp+ layer. On-current as well as threshold voltage are seen to improve considerably and meet the roadmap technology requirements. We also show that unlike the conventional MOSFET, the subthreshold swing of the vertical tunnel FET is not limited to the theoretical value of 60 mV/dec at room temperature.
Excitation Frequency Effects on the Stiffness and Damping Coefficients of a Five-Pad Tilting Pad Journal Bearing

An experimental study is performed to investigate the frequency effects of the excitation force on the linear stiffness and damping coefficients of LOP (load on pad) type five-pad tilting pad journal bearing with the diameter of 300.91 mm and the length of 149.80 mm. The main parameter of interest in the present work is excitation frequency to shake the test bearing. The excitation frequency is controlled independently, using orthogonally mounted hydraulic exciters, as follows: 1) excitation frequency ratio in the x-axis direction ν x = 0.5, 2) excitation frequency ratio in the y-axis direction ν y = 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9. The magnitude of the excitation force is controlled to make sure that the test bearing has a linear behavior during the test. The relative movement between the bearing and shaft, and the acceleration of the bearing casing are measured as a function of excitation frequency using the different values of bearing load and shaft speed. Measurements show that the variation of excitation frequency has quite a little effect on both stiffness and damping coefficients. The stiffness coefficients of the five-pad tilting pad journal bearing slightly decrease as the excitation frequency ratio increases, while the damping coefficients slightly increase with excitation frequency ratio, especially in the case of lower speed and higher load. Both direct stiffness and damping coefficients in the direction of bearing load decrease with an increase of shaft speed, but increase with the bearing load.
A dynamic point specification approach to sequencing robot moves for PCB assembly

Abstract Reducing the time it lakes to place components on to printed circuit boards (PCBs) is a major robotic assembly objective. This paper explores a robot control approach featuring dynamic choice of pick-and-place points for retrieving and inserting components. In this concept, the component magazine and PCB tray both move to calculated points that minimize the overall robotic assembly time. Compared with that of another approach which employs fixed positions for retrieval and insertion, the new approach avoids robot waiting time. The same assembly sequence and component magazine assignment was used to test the difference between these two approaches. In both models, the PCB worktables and magazine are assumed to be mobile and to move at constant velocity between points. Experimental results showed that the proposed dynamic pick-and-place (DPP) approach is superior to the fixed pick-and-place (FPP) approach in nearly all cases.
Feasibility of Thermoplastic Composite Jackets for Bridge Impact Protection

The research focused on the effects of low velocity impact loading on high-strength concrete confined by a prefabricated polypropylene jacket and comparing the results with similar specimens confined by carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. In order to accomplish this, both static and dynamic load tests were performed. Concrete cylinders were used for static loading. Twelve concrete cylinders were prepared for static load testing: three were plain concrete and used as control specimens, three were wrapped with one layer of unidirectional CFRP composites, and six were confined by the polypropylene jacket. The thickness of the polypropylene wrap was machined to different thicknesses; three 3 mm and three 6 mm . The cylinders were standard (D×H) 152 mm×305 mm . Cylinders were loaded to failure in uniaxial compression using a Tinius-Olsen Universal Testing Machine. Impact testing was performed using four (D×H) 152 mm×914 mm columns. The columns consisted of one control sample; one CFRP composites.
Proposal of a SkilMate Hand and its component technologies for extravehicular activity gloves

In this study, we propose a SkilMate Hand for space extravehicular activity gloves which is equipped with devices of both a power assist and a tactile media. The paper focuses on development of component technologies for constructing a SkilMate Hand, which is proposed for recovering deteriorated haptic sensation in human hands. First, we manufacture a power assist device which compensates the bending moment exerted at a human finger joint utilizing a standing-wave-type ultrasonic motor. We plot the examined characteristics, propose a control policy of the actuators and show some control perforce in Bode plots. Second, we produce a tactile media device which is composed of a vibrotactile sensor element on the outer side and a vibrotactile display element on the inner side at the fingertips of the SkilMate Hand. Piezo-rubber is chosen to be used as a vibrotactile sensing transducer whose sensing performance is examined in the extremely high/low-temperature regions. We locate SkilMate in a wider framework of wearable intelligent machines which assist in affording such working surroundings that they can exhibit their skills in spite of their necessity for wearing special suits typical in hazardous environments. A proposal of a wearable intelligent machine such as that of a SkilMate with its concept has not been made before.
Peyzaj Parçalanmasının Siirt'in Endemik Bitkileri Üzerine Etkileri

In this study we aim to investigate the effect of fragmentation on the endemic plant species in the Siirt landscape between 2000 and 2012. Patch classes were systematically generated using CORINE land cover/land use data from 2000 to 2012. Landscape metrics were calculated using the PatchGrid plug-in that is included in the Patch Analyst programme, which works on FRAGSTATS interface. Furthermore, IUCN red list classes of endemic plant species in this landscape were evaluated. Thus, the most fragmented patch classes were coastal landscape and vineyards in 2012. MPS, NumP, and CA values for both these patch classes showed a 100% decrease. On the other hand, fruit trees and berry plantations, sparsely vegetated areas, non-irrigated arable land and natural grasslands turned into larger patches during the same period. When the relationship between endemic species and patch classes was investigated, 48% of the patch classes in which these species were found changed.
Ionizing radiation tolerance of high-performance SiGe HBT's grown by UHV/CVD

The ionizing radiation tolerance of high-performance SiGe HBTs, grown by UHV/CVD and optimized for 77 K, has been investigated for the first time. Results at both 300 K and 77 K indicate that this SiGe technology is inherently radiation tolerant without additional processing steps. Perimeter-to-area analysis show parallel shifts in the collector and base current density for total radiation doses below 1.0 Mrad(Si). Relatively minor degradation in the current gain characteristics is observed for SiGe HBTs exposed to 1.0 Mrad(Si) of Co/sup 60/ gamma radiation, indicating that the technology is robust for many applications requiring a high degree of ionizing radiation tolerance. 1/f noise measurements made pre- and post-radiation show the appearance of a generation-recombination center in some of the SiGe HBTs after a total-dose exposure to 10.0 Mrad(Si).
Cross cultural “behavioural diagnosis” examining the uptake of the MIND diet, using the COM-B model to inform an intervention.

Background: The aim of this study was to develop a “behavioural diagnosis” of factors influencing the uptake of the MIND diet in 40-55-year olds according to the COM-B model, in order to reduce the risk of cognitive decline in later life. Comparing a Mediterranean (Italy) and non-Mediterranean (Northern Ireland) country to inform an intervention. This study also sought to identify intervention functions and behaviour change techniques (BCTs) that are likely to be effective in changing MIND diet behaviour. Methods: This was a qualitative study that was used to elicit beliefs surrounding Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour (COM-B) with adhering to a diet associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline, the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND diet). This study further elaborated the COM-B components into the 14 domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to further understand behaviour. Twenty-five Northern Irish (NI) and Italian participants were recruited onto the study, to take part in either a focus group or an interview. Participants were both male and female aged between 40-55 years. Results: Thematic analysis revealed that the main barriers to the uptake of the MIND diet were; time, work environment (opportunity), taste preference and convenience (motivation). Culture (motivation), seasonal foods and lack of family support (opportunity) to be a barrier to the Italian sample only. The main facilitators reported were; improved health, memory, planning and organisation (motivation) and access to good quality food (opportunity). Cooking skills, knowledge (capability) and heathy work lunch (opportunity) being a facilitator to the Italian sample only. Five intervention functions and fifteen BCTs were identified for possible inclusion in intervention development. Conclusions: The “behavioural diagnosis” provides comparisons and valuable insight into the personal, social and environmental factors that participants report as barriers and facilitators to the uptake of the MIND diet in the two samples. More barriers to healthy dietary change were found than facilitators. There is a need for interventions that increase capability, opportunity and motivation to aid behaviour change. The “behavioural diagnosis” from this study will be used to design a behaviour change intervention using the subsequent steps from the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW).
Integration of vision and inertial sensors for industrial tools tracking

Purpose – This paper represents a hybrid Vision/INS system for tool tracking applications. The proposed system incorporates low cost MEMS sensors and low cost vision type sensors for tracking industrial tools. Vision systems alone have to deal with the problem of “line of sight” and the INS sensor alone will encounter an exponential drift, which render both systems useless for the proposed application.Design/methodology/approach – The Vision/INS system with the integration of the extended Kalman filter calculates 6D position‐orientation of a tool during its operation within the required accuracy tolerance specific to the application at hand. In this paper, a tool motion modeling approach is proposed to limit the error in an acceptable range for a short period of missing data. The motion of the tool is modeled and updated at any time that the instrument is in the camera view field. This model is applied to the estimation algorithm whenever the camera is not in line of site and the optical data is missing.F.
The Effect of Sense of Community and Self-Efficacy on Students' Higher-Order Thinking Skills In WhatsApp-assisted Physics Learning

This study aimed to determine the effect of sense of community (SC) on higher order thinking skills (HOTS), self-efficacy (SE) on higher order thinking skills (HOTS), and SC and SE on HOTS of students in learning Newton's Law of motion assisted with WhatsApp application. The sample in this research were students of class X MIPA 5 and class XI MIPA 6 with 68 students in total at SMAN 13 Bandar Lampung in the academic year 2019/2020. The research design applied in this study was a one-shot case study. Data analysis techniques using product moment correlation, simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. The results showed that there is no effect between SC on HOTS, SE on HOTS, and the effect of the combination of SC and SE on HOTS. With a correlation value 0.095, the coefficient of determination R square of 0.009 and sig 0.441> 0.05, SE on HOTS with a correlation value of 0.052, the determination coefficient of R square of 0.003 and sig of 0.674> 0.05 , and combination of SC and SE on HOTS with a correlation value of 0.114, the coefficient of determination R square of 0.013 and sig 0.653> 0.05. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that there is no effect of SC on HOTS, SE on HOTS, and effect of the combination of SC and SE on HOTS in learning physics assisted with WhatsApp application.
A Numerical Study of Inlet Geometry for a Low Inertia Mixed Flow Turbocharger Turbine

Mixed flow turbines can offer improvements over typical radial turbines used in automotive turbochargers, with regards to transient performance and low velocity ratio efficiency. Turbine rotor mass dominates the rotating inertia of the turbocharger, and any reductions of mass in the outer radii of the wheel, including the rotor back-disk, can significantly reduce this inertia and improve the acceleration of the assembly. Off-design, low velocity ratio conditions are typified by highly tangential flow at the rotor inlet and a non-zero inlet blade angle is preferred for such operating conditions. This is achievable in a Mixed Flow Turbine without increasing bending stresses within the rotor blade, which is beneficial in high speed and high inlet temperature turbine design. A range of mixed flow turbine rotors was designed with varying cone angle and inlet blade angle and each was assessed at a number of operating points. These rotors were based on an existing radial flow turbine, and both the hub and shroud contours and exducer geometry were maintained. The inertia of each rotor was also considered. The results indicated that there was a trade-off between efficiency and inertia for the rotors and certain designs may be beneficial for the transient performance of downsized, turbocharged engines.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Role of Digital Media in Spreading Covid-19 Awareness- Structural Equation Modelling based Study

Due to the rise of media technology and the abundance of Social Media platforms, healthcare awareness and information gathering are simple, easy, and efficient. This study also aims to investigate the role of Social Media to obtain Coivd-19 information and updates. The researcher used the cross-sectional study design and selected a sample of n= 265 respondents from Islamabad, Pakistan. Further, to validate the phenomenon, the researcher developed and tested the self-structured model using Structural Equation Modelling. The SEM analysis involved Internal consistency assessments, Coefficients of Determination R2, and Path Analysis. Findings indicated a strong significant relationship between Social Media, Ease of Access (p≥ .000), Ease of Use (p≥ .011), Internet Availability (p≥ .013), and Information Acceptance (p≥ .042). Thus the results revealed a significant role of Social Media to spread Covid-19 awareness reinforcing positive healthcare attitudes among the public. Therefore, the researcher suggests more studies on the proposed research model, to scrutinize the role of the Social Media infodemic during the Coronavirus outbreak.
On the properties of some systems that distort signals — II

In this paper we study the recoverability of square-integrable bandlimited signals (with arbitrary frequency) bands) that are distorted by a freguency-selective time-variable nonlinear operator and subsequently are bandlimited to the original bands. The distortion operator characterizes a very general class of systems containing linear time-invariant elements and a single time-invariant nonlinear element. The subseguent bandlimiting of the system's output signals can be thought of as being due to transmission through a channel that performs filtering. Our principal result asserts that, under certain conditions that are satisfied by many realistic systems, it is possible to uniquely determine the bandlimited input to the system from a knowledge of the bandlimited version of the output, in spite of the intermediate distortion which generally produces signals thal are not bandlimited to the original frequency bands. We show that the input signal can be determined by a stable iteralion procedure in which the approximating functions converge to their limit at a rate that is at least geometric.
Designing protective structures at archaeological sites Criteria and environtnental design tnethodology for a proposed structure at Lot's Basilica, Jordan

Abstract This paper sheds light on the need to assess the efficacy and performance of protective structures at archaeological sites according to design criteria derived from various elements in heritage management processes. The paper also focuses on the use of architectural design methodologies that essentially correspond to physical conservation requirements at archaeological sites. The paper, in effect, introduces climatic approaches to the design of protective structures at archaeological sites. It further illustrates the value of computer-based environmental simulation and modeling tools in the design phase of projects. Despite their limitations, these tools help guide design processes, and generally indicate future conservation effectiveness and performance of protective enclosed structures at archaeological sites.
Modeling Community Recovery from Earthquakes

This paper sets out the foundations for developing robust models of community recovery from earthquake disasters. Models that anticipate post-disaster trajectories are complementary to loss estimation models that predict damage and loss. Such models can serve as important decision support tools for increasing community resilience and reducing disaster vulnerability. The paper first presents a comprehensive conceptual model of recovery. The conceptual model enumerates important relationships between a community's households, businesses, lifeline networks, and neighborhoods. The conceptual model can be operationalized to create a numerical model of recovery. To demonstrate this, we present a prototype computer simulation model and graphical user interface. As the model is intended for decision support, it is important to involve potential users in model development. We conducted a focus group involving Puget Sound, Washington, area disaster management practitioners to elicit local insight about community recovery and model development needs, using the prototype as stimulus. Important focus group issues included potential model inputs, useful recovery indicators, potential uses of recovery models, and suitable types of software systems.
Catalytic communities in Rio: virtual and face-to-face communities in developing countries

in fighting the digital divide. Particularly aware of the usefulness of the Internet within these areas are the city’s community leaders, those residents of low-income communities who voluntarily develop local programs to benefit their neighborhoods. They attend government and NGO events where Web site addresses are given out and where they hear of funding made available through applications online. These teasers attract curiosity regarding the Web. Despite this, use of the Internet by community leaders—those residents most likely to use the Internet to benefit a collective group— is generally low. This is in part because leaders tend to be adults for whom information technology is not as intuitive as it might be for younger community residents. This is also because of the busy nature of the lives of community leaders, who are unlikely to use a new tool unless they have become convinced of its practical use. Community leaders are unlikely to visit a community Internet center as most community residents who access them do—to partake in the Web as a source of entertainment. On the other hand, community leaders have all heard of the Internet and understand in a general sense what