Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accelerator compiler for the VENICE vector processor

This paper describes the compiler design for VENICE, a new soft vector processor (SVP). The compiler is a new back-end target for Microsoft Accelerator, a high-level data parallel library for C++ and C#. This allows us to automatically compile high-level programs into VENICE assembly code, thus avoiding the process of writing assembly code used by previous SVPs. Experimental results show the compiler can generate scalable parallel code with execution times that are comparable to hand-written VENICE assembly code. On data-parallel applications, VENICE at 100MHz on an Altera DE3 platform runs at speeds comparable to one core of a 3.5GHz Intel Xeon W3690 processor, beating it in performance on four of six benchmarks by up to 3.2x.
Beam bundle model of human-like fingertip for investigation of tactile mechanism

We have proposed a Beam Bundle Model for modeling of a human fingertip during pushing and sliding action with friction, especially stick-to-slip transition, to overcome mentioned issues. In order to construct its three-dimensional non-homogeneous structure, we took sequence of magnetic resonant images, which bring consecutive cross-sectional layers of the human fingertip with distribution of skin, tissue, bone, and nail. Simulation results show a twofold aspect. Firstly, it can generate not only normal force distribution caused by pushing, but also response of friction force during sliding. Secondly, and more interestingly, the model dynamically produces localized displacement phenomenon on the contact area during stick-to-slip phase, which indicates how slippage erodes the contact area before the total slippage of the fingertip occurs. Finally, we investigated role of sliding mechanism acting on human fingertips' contact area in stable lifting of an object, in order to show the potential of the model in studying tactile mechanism of human and apply to robotic systems.
ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOUR AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG DISPLACED POPULATION IN TAMAN BAYU DAMAI, JOHOR

Background: Displaced population is a broad definition than encompasses refugees, internally-displaced population and relocated populations and this phenomenon can cause a lot of effect which can be economical, psycho-social, health and wellbeing. Adaptive behaviour is a compilation of social, conceptual and practical skills that a person learned to be able to play their role in daily living. This can be influenced by various factors like sociodemographic, socio-economic and physical health. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Taman Bayu Damai, Pengerang, Johor from May 2018 to June 2018 among 554 relocated population. Respondents were selected using proportionate stratified sampling based on their previous localities prior to relocation. Number of respondents for each stratum is determined to be proportionate with its size compared to the whole area and randomised. Respondents were handed a selfadministered questionnaire. The Spearman’s Correlation was used to determine correlations between continuous variables. After categorisations, Chi-Square Test of Independence was used to determine the association between the categorical variables. Finally, multiple logistic regression using Enter method was used to identify significant predictors. Result: The response rate was 92.3%. Response rate across all strata ranged from 84.3% to 97.3%. Five factors were found to be significantly associated with poor adaptive behaviour which are gender, education level, social support, marital status and monthly income. However, upon further analysis, none of these plus confounding factors was a significant predictor for poor adaptive behaviour. Conclusion: Adaptive behaviour among displaced population in Taman Bayu Damai is generally good but there is still small portion of population that still struggling. These population can be targeted to avoid further deterioration and potentially lead to mental issues. Future intervention should focus on female, lower education level, lower income, widowed and divorcees and low social support and emphasis on religious and self-empowerment programmes.
Gaining empathy for non-routine mobile device use through autoethnography

In this paper, we report on autoethnography as a method to access non-routine usage of mobile devices, such as during business trips, vacations, etc. Autoethnography, a self-study method with the researcher as participant, was employed for the evaluation of a wrist blood pressure monitor used by people with conditions such as hypertension. The findings from the study were surprising, especially with respect to the environmental and social impact on the use of the technology. Although the autoethnographic method can be disruptive for the researcher, it enables them to understand and empathize with the experiences mobile device users can face in difficult to access contexts. This method allows HCI researchers to better understand user experiences with mobile devices, including mobile medical technology, especially during non-routine times that can be difficult to study in-situ with traditional user studies.
Mycophenolic acid trough level monitoring in solid organ transplant recipients treated with mycophenolate mofetil: association with clinical outcome

ABSTRACT Background: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is widely and successfully used in immunosuppressive regimens for the prophylaxis of organ rejection following transplantation. Conventionally, it is administered at a fixed dose without serial measurements of plasma concentrations of mycophenolic acid (MPA), the active metabolite. Recently, there has been an increased interest in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of MMF therapy to optimize the benefit/risk index of the drug. Predose trough samples of MPA are considered most convenient and economic, thereby allowing an increased use of TDM in the transplant setting. However, the added value of TDM for MMF therapy is still under debate. Objective: This paper reviews (based on a systematic PubMed and EMBASE search, 1995–June 2006) the current evidence of the usefulness and clinical relevance of MPA trough level monitoring during MMF therapy in solid organ transplantation. Findings and conclusions: Based on data available in the public domain, the contribution of MPA trough level monitoring during MMF therapy in solid organ transplant recipients remains unproven. Available studies have limitations and report conflicting results. There is a lack of prospective randomized trials, particularly in pediatric renal transplant recipients and in cardiac and liver transplantation. While there is a suggestion that there may be a relationship between efficacy and MPA trough levels, the majority of studies showed no correlation between MPA plasma concentrations and adverse effects. Based on current evidence, the adherence to presently recommended target ranges for MPA troughs in solid organ transplantation cannot assure an improved clinical outcome with MMF therapy. Whether MPA trough level monitoring leads to improved efficacy and less toxicity is currently subject to a large randomized trial; final results are eagerly awaited.
Analysis of Authentication and Key Establishment in Inter-generational Mobile Telephony

Second (GSM), third (UMTS), and fourth-generation (LTE) mobile telephony protocols are all in active use, giving rise to a number of interoperation situations. Although the standards address roaming by specifying switching and mapping of established security context, there is not a comprehensive specification of which are the possible interoperation cases. Nor is there comprehensive specification of the procedures to establish security context (authentication and short-term keys) in the various interoperation scenarios. This paper systematically enumerates the cases, classifying them as allowed, disallowed, or uncertain with rationale based on detailed analysis of the specifications. We identify the authentication and key agreement procedure for each of the possible cases. We formally model these scenarios and analyze their security, in the symbolic model, using the tool Prove if. We find two scenarios that inherit a known false base station attack. We find an attack on the CMC message of another scenario.
Premature infants: analysis of serum during the first seven weeks.

Serum values were determined on 60 premature infants whose birth weights ranged from 1500 to 1750 gm. At 1 week of age each infant was placed into one of six categories and given a feeding schedule according to a predetermined formula sequence and arrangement. Three formulas varying in mineral, caloric, and protein concentrations were used. Analyses for sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide, phosphorus, total protein, albumin, calcium, and urea nitrogen were carried out on blood drawn at 1, 3, 5, and 7 weeks of age. A comparison of levels during the same age period among the experimental groups was made.
Automatic cruise system for water quality monitoring

The range of unit fixed-point measurement on water quality monitoring system is limited, and the cost for multipoint measurement is high. In order to solve these problems, the automatic cruise system for water quality monitoring was designed. Sage-Husa adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm was adopted to correct the error in GPS positioning. The boat was equipped with ship control module, water quality parameters acquisition module, power-supply module, GPS module and GPRS-DTU packet data transmission module. An Android application was developed so that individual users can use smartphone to communicate with the boat at all time and places. The results show that the boat can basically cruise in the set route to monitor the water quality. In a 4 m2 aquatic plants areas, the dissolved oxygen monitored in different time were about 10.2%, 8.5% and 8.3%, respectively, higher than other areas, and the pH values were 4.1%, 3.8% and 3.7% higher than those in other waters, which shown that plants photosynthesis released oxygen consumption of carbon dioxide will affect the dissolved oxygen content and pH value. This system can widen the measurement range, and lower the measuring cost that can be widely used in the water quality monitoring in aquaculture and river management. Keywords: water quality monitoring, GPS, automatic cruise, Android mobile client DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe. 20181104.2658 Citation: Zhu C Y, Liu X Q, Chen H L, Tian X. Automatic cruise system for water quality monitoring. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(4): 244-250.
Retrieving Soybean Leaf Area Index from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Analysis of RF, ANN, and SVM Regression Models

Leaf area index (LAI) is an important indicator of plant growth and yield that can be monitored by remote sensing. Several models were constructed using datasets derived from SRS and STR sampling methods to determine the optimal model for soybean (multiple strains) LAI inversion for the whole crop growth period and a single growth period. Random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machine (SVM) regression models were compared with a partial least-squares regression (PLS) model. The RF model yielded the highest precision, accuracy, and stability with V-R2, SDR2, V-RMSE, and SDRMSE values of 0.741, 0.031, 0.106, and 0.005, respectively, over the whole growth period based on STR sampling. The ANN model had the highest precision, accuracy, and stability (0.452, 0.132, 0.086, and 0.009, respectively) over a single growth phase based on STR sampling. The precision, accuracy, and stability of the RF, ANN, and SVM models were improved by inclusion of STR sampling. The RF model is suitable for estimating LAI when sample plots and variation are relatively large (i.e., the whole growth period or more than one growth period). The ANN model is more appropriate for estimating LAI when sample plots and variation are relatively low (i.e., a single growth period).
Volume-related weight gain as an independent indication for renal replacement therapy in the intensive care units

Attempts to identify specific therapies to reverse acute kidney injury (AKI) have been unsuccessful in the past; only modifying risk profile or addressing the underlying disease processes leading to AKI proved efficacious. The current thinking on recognizing AKI is compromised by a "kidney function percent-centered" viewpoint, a paradigm further reinforced by the emergence of serum creatinine-based automated glomerular filtration reporting over the last two decades. Such thinking is, however, grossly corrupted for AKI and poorly applicable in critically ill patients in general. Conventional indications for renal replacement therapy (RRT) may have limited applicability in critically ill patients and there has been a relative lack of progress on RRT modalities in these patients. AKI in critically ill patients is a highly complex syndrome and it may be counterproductive to produce complex clinical practice guidelines, which are labor and resource-intensive to maintain, difficult to memorize or may not be immediately available in all settings all over the world. Additionally, despite attempts to develop reliable and reproducible biomarkers to replace serum creatinine as a guide to therapy such biomarkers failed to materialize. Under such circumstances, there is an ongoing need to reassess the practical value of simple measures, such as volume-related weight gain (VRWG) and urine output, both for prognostic markers and clinical indicators for the need for RRT. This current paper reviews the practical utility of VRWG as an independent indication for RRT in face of reduced urine output and hemodynamic instability.
A Risk-Evaluation Assisted System for Service Selection

With the rapid adoption of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), increasingly more application-level services are developed through composing service components offered by different service providers. While such application development mode offers advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness and flexibility, application developers cannot understand or deal with risks potentially resulting from vulnerabilities within composed services due to non-transparency of the service providers. Furthermore, some of the vulnerabilities in practice are deeply hidden in dependency structures underlying composed services, thus making even the service providers fail to know the vulnerabilities. This paper proposes a risk-evaluation assisted service selection system, called Risk Evaluation-as-a-Service(or REaaS), which aims to assist application developers to understand vulnerability risks hidden within alternative services when the developers at first attempt to adopt their applications. In particular, for a given application developer's service selection requirement, REaaS produces a ranking list based upon vulnerability risks of alternative services to serve as a guideline regarding which service has the lowest potential risks (e.g., Bugs) for this application deployment. REaaS achieves this goal through the following three steps: 1) generating a package dependency graph for each alternative service, 2) assigning threat-degrees to packages in each dependency graph, and 3) analyzing each dependency graph and evaluating service-risk of each service. We have built a REaaS prototype and used real case study to demonstrate the practicality of REaaS.
Automatic Question Generation from Sentences

Question Generation (QG) and Question Answering (QA) are some of the many challenges for natural language understanding and interfaces. As humans need to ask good questions, the potential benefits from automated QG systems may assist them in meeting useful inquiry needs. In this paper, we consider an automatic Sentence-to-Question generation task, where given a sentence, the Question Generation (QG) system generates a set of questions for which the sentence contains, implies, or needs answers. To facilitate the question generation task, we build elementary sentences from the input complex sentences using a syntactic parser. A named entity recognizer and a part of speech tagger are applied on each of these sentences to encode necessary information.We classify the sentences based on their subject, verb, object and preposition for determining the possible type of questions to be generated. We use the TREC-2007 (Question Answering Track) dataset for our experiments and evaluation.
Flexible, highly scalable, object-based wavelet image compression algorithm for network applications

The authors propose a highly scalable image compression scheme based on the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) algorithm. The proposed algorithm, called highly scalable SPIHT (HS-SPIHT), adds the spatial scalability feature to the SPIHT algorithm through the introduction of multiple resolution-dependent lists and a resolution-dependent sorting pass. It keeps the important features of the original SPIHT algorithm such as compression efficiency, full SNR scalability and low complexity. The flexible bitstream of the HS-SPIHT encoder can easily be adapted to various resolution requirements at any bit rate. The parsing process can be carried out on-the-fly without decoding the bitstream by a simple parser (transcoder) that forms a part of a smart network. The HS-SPIHT algorithm is further developed for fully scalable coding of arbitrarily shaped visual objects. The proposed highly scalable algorithm finds applications in progressive web browsing, visual databases and especially in image transmission over heterogeneous networks.
A 24-transistor static flip-flop consisting of nors and inverters for low-power digital vlsis

In this paper, we propose a low-power circuit-shared static flip-flop (CS2FF) for extremely low power digital VLSIs. The CS2FF consists of five static NORs and two inverters (INVs). The CS2FF utilizes a positive edge of a buffered clock signal, which is generated from a root clock, to take data into a master latch and a negative edge of the root clock to hold the data in a slave latch. The total number of transistors is only 24, which is the same as the conventional tri-state buffer based flip flop (TBFF) used in the most standard cell libraries. SPICE simulations in 0.18-μm standard CMOS process demonstrated that our proposed CS2FF achieved clock-to-Q delay of 17.4 ns, setup time of 5.91 ns, hold time of 1.17 ns, and power dissipation of 15.4 nW at 1-MHz clock frequency and 0.5-V power supply. The physical design area increased by 21% and power dissipation was reduced by 26% compared with those of conventional TBFF. Our proposed CS2FF can operate at 0.347 V with extremely low power of 6.61 nW, 33% less than that of TBFF.
Deformation control of rheological food dough using a forming process model

A approach to forming control using a forming process model of rheological food dough is presented. Manipulative operations of rheological objects can be found in many industrial fields such as the food industry and the medical product industry. For example, automatic operations of rheological objects such as food dough are eagerly required in food industry. Since food dough deforms during operation processes, it is necessary to estimate their deformation for the automatic operations. We propose a forming control of rheological food dough using a forming process model. First, an extensional forming system of food dough is developed. Second, we examine the deformations of actual food dough. Third, we propose a forming process model consisting of the expansion, part and the residual part. Finally, we propose forming control using forming process model and demonstrate the validity of the proposed forming control experimentally.
Mechanism of cooperative behaviour in systems of slow and fast molecular motors.

Two recent theoretical advances have described cargo transport by multiple identical motors and by multiple oppositely directed, but otherwise identical motors [M. J. Muller, S. Klumpp and R. Lipowsky, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , 2008, 105(12), 4609-4614; S. Klumpp and R. Lipowsky, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , 2005, 102(48), 17284-17289]. Here, we combine a similar theoretical approach with a simple experiment to describe the behaviour of a system comprised of slow and fast molecular motors having the same directionality. We observed the movement of microtubules by mixtures of slow and fast kinesin motors attached to a glass coverslip in a classic sliding filament assay. The motors are identical, except that the slow ones contain five point mutations that collectively reduce their velocity approximately 15-fold without compromising maximal ATPase activity. Our results indicate that a small fraction of fast motors are able to accelerate the dissociation of slow motors from microtubules. Because of this, a sharp, highly cooperative transition occurs from slow to fast microtubule movement as the relative number of fast motors in the assay is increased. Microtubules move at half-maximal velocity when only 15% of the motors in the assay are fast. Our model indicates that this behaviour depends primarily on the relative motor velocities and the asymmetry between their forward and backward dissociation forces. It weakly depends on the number of motors and their processivity. We predict that movement of cargoes bound to two types of motors having very different velocities will be dominated by one or the other motor. Therefore, cargoes can potentially undergo abrupt changes in movement in response to regulatory mechanisms acting on only a small fraction of motors.
Anaerobic Survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Pyruvate Fermentation Requires an Usp-Type Stress Protein

ABSTRACT Recently, we identified a pyruvate fermentation pathway in Pseudomonas aeruginosa sustaining anaerobic survival in the absence of alternative anaerobic respiratory and fermentative energy generation systems (M. Eschbach, K. Schreiber, K. Trunk, J. Buer, D. Jahn, and M. Schobert, J. Bacteriol. 186:4596-4604, 2004). Anaerobic long-term survival of P. aeruginosa might be essential for survival in deeper layers of a biofilm and the persistent infection of anaerobic mucus plaques in the cystic fibrosis lung. Proteome analysis of P. aeruginosa cells during a 7-day period of pyruvate fermentation revealed the induced synthesis of three enzymes involved in arginine fermentation, ArcA, ArcB, and ArcC, and the outer membrane protein OprL. Moreover, formation of two proteins of unknown function, PA3309 and PA4352, increased by factors of 72- and 22-fold, respectively. Both belong to the group of universal stress proteins (Usp). Long-term survival of a PA3309 knockout mutant by pyruvate fermentation was found drastically reduced. The oxygen-sensing regulator Anr controls expression of the PPA3309-lacZ reporter gene fusion after a shift to anaerobic conditions and further pyruvate fermentation. PA3309 expression was also found induced during the anaerobic and aerobic stationary phases. This aerobic stationary-phase induction is independent of the regulatory proteins Anr, RpoS, RelA, GacA, RhlR, and LasR, indicating a currently unknown mechanism of stationary-phase-dependent gene activation. PA3309 promoter activity was detected in the deeper layers of a P. aeruginosa biofilm using a PPA3309-gfp (green fluorescent protein gene) fusion and confocal laser-scanning microscopy. This is the first description of an Anr-dependent, anaerobically induced, and functional Usp-like protein in bacteria.