Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MEASUREMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF LUMINOUS AMBIENCE

This paper presents part of a multidisciplinary work with three teams: two laboratories of psychology and a laboratory of lighting/architecture. We concentrate here, within the project, on activities on luminous ambience and focus on the lighting/architecture part. The problem we studied was: How is it possible to concisely express the variety of luminous ambience qualities on the basis of a large number of light measurements? More precisely, in order to analyse the quantitative data collected from measurements, we intend to define interpretation models. The result of these interpretation models should be easily usable for further analysis and understandable by architects. Architects do not manipulate expressions such as luminance levels. In order to express their intentions for a luminous ambience, they use qualitative and descriptive expressions. On the basis on these interpretations, how can we change the existing concept of artificial lighting for a space in order to lessen energy costs, to keep a good performance of lighting and to improve the comfort and pleasantness of users? More precisely, comfort and pleasantness are closely linked to contrasts thresholds, gradual ranges of luminance and chromaticities on the interior envelope. Artificial lighting is used by the general public and designers not only to reach a sufficient level of lighting on work surfaces, but also to increase or decrease contrasts and gradual ranges of luminance and modify the colour of the light on the interior envelope in order to reach a comfortable and pleasant ambience. In that respect, we can say that the expenditure in electric energy is also due to the fraction of artificial lighting used to create comfort and pleasantness of ambience. To address these two questions, we have studied existing luminous ambience in two sites in Paris. The spaces under study were rest areas. We defined the method for light measurement on the opaque and glazed interior envelope (with luminancechroma and luxchroma meters) in mixed lighting (both natural and artificial). We interpret the measurements in terms adapted to architects. We defined the concepts for different luminous ambiences and built these modified ambiences in the sites themselves.
Male-Skewed Sex Ratio in Saltmarsh Sparrow Nestlings

Abstract. Sex ratios of adult birds are frequently skewed, but in few species is the sex ratio of offspring also skewed. Adult females, however, should modify their offspring's sex ratio and invest more in the sex with the greatest future reproductive potential. We investigated the relationship between nestlings' morphology, timing of reproduction, and sex ratios in broods of the Saltmarsh Sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus), a species with extreme levels of multiple paternity: males provide no parental care and sex ratios of adults may be highly skewed. By molecular methods, we sexed 157 nestlings from 52 Saltmarsh Sparrow nests in Connecticut over 2 years. Their sex ratio was significantly skewed toward males (59%) and did not vary with brood size, but this imbalance is insufficient to fully explain the reported skew in adults' sex ratio. Just prior to fledging, male nestlings were larger than female nestlings, which may suggest that they are more costly to produce. Survivorship is greater in nests initiated immediately after high spring tides, but we found no relationship between sex-ratio bias and the risk of tidal flooding. Female Saltmarsh Sparrows consistently produce male-skewed broods, regardless of their nests' risk of flooding, suggesting that male nestlings are a consistently better investment. The Saltmarsh Sparrow appears to be an exception to the pattern typical of birds, in which the population of adults is skewed toward males but the sex ratio of offspring is balanced. These results may help to refine future age-specific population projections for this species of high conservation concern.
The morphological development of the locomotor and cardiac muscles of the migratory barnacle goose (Branta Leucopsis)

The masses of the locomotor and cardiac muscles of wild barnacle goose goslings, from a migratory population, were examined systematically during development and their values compared to those of pre-migratory geese. Pre-flight development was typified by approximately linear increases of body, leg, and heart ventricular mass with respect to age. Flight muscle showed an exponential increase in mass. Pectoralis muscle mass was 14.2 +/- 0.3% of body mass (1297 +/- 738, n=7) in early flying goslings compared to 16.6 +/- 0.3% of body mass (2318 +/- 109 g, n = 8) in pre-migratory geese. Post-flight development was typified by stasis of leg muscle mass but hypertrophy of ventricular and pectoralis muscle mass in proportion to body mass. Ventricular mass relative to body mass showed the lowest values at 5 weeks of age (0.62 +/- 0.01%) with peak values at 1 week of age (1.04 +/- 0.04%). The latter may be associated with both the requirements of thermoregulation in these precocial, arctic breeding geese and the need to forage approximately 24 hours post-hatch. Peak Values for leg muscle mass, relative to body mass, were found at 3 weeks of age (12.7 +/- 0.36%), with lowest values in the pre-migratory geese (6.7 +/- 0.21%), while peak values for pectoralis muscle mass were expressed in the premigratory geese with lowest values at 1 week of age (0.94 +/- 0.07%). Ventricular mass was proportional to leg muscle mass up to 5 weeks of age (M(v) = 0.38 M(t)(0.68), r(2) = 0.95), but subsequent increase in ventricular mass was proportional to pectoralis muscle mass (M(v) = 0.25M(p)(0.73), r(2) = 0.81).
Mcl-1 inhibition overcomes intrinsic and acquired regorafenib resistance in colorectal cancer

Intrinsic and acquired resistance to targeted therapies is a significant clinical problem in cancer. We previously showed that resistance to regorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor for treating colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, can be caused by mutations in the tumor suppressor FBW7, which block degradation of the pro-survival Bcl-2 family protein Mcl-1. We tested if Mcl-1 inhibition can be used to develop a precision combination therapy for overcoming regorafenib resistance. Methods: Small-molecule Mcl-1 inhibitors were tested on CRC cells with knock-in (KI) of a non-degradable Mcl-1. Effects of Mcl-1 inhibitors on regorafenib sensitivity were determined in FBW7-mutant and -wild-type (WT) CRC cells and tumors, and in those with acquired regorafenib resistance due to enriched FBW7 mutations. Furthermore, translational potential was explored by establishing and analyzing FBW7-mutant and -WT patient-derived organoid (PDO) and xenograft (PDX) tumor models. Results: We found that highly potent and specific Mcl-1 inhibitors such as S63845 overcame regorafenib resistance by restoring apoptosis in multiple regorafenib-resistant CRC models. Mcl-1 inhibition re-sensitized CRC tumors with intrinsic and acquired regorafenib resistance in vitro and in vivo, including those with FBW7 mutations. Importantly, Mcl-1 inhibition also sensitized FBW7-mutant PDO and PDX models to regorafenib. In contrast, Mcl-1 inhibition had no effect in FBW7-WT CRCs. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that Mcl-1 inhibitors can overcome intrinsic and acquired regorafenib resistance in CRCs by restoring apoptotic response. FBW7 mutations might be a potential biomarker predicting for response to the regorafenib/Mcl-1 inhibitor combination.
Evaluating the statistical bases for relating receiving water impacts to effluent and ambient toxicities

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Complex Effluent Toxicity Testing Program (CETTP) investigated the relationship of ecological conditions in eight receiving water systems to toxicities in both discharged effluents and ambient receiving waters. Our evaluation of the CETTP studies showed that they included no statistical evaluation of relationships between effluent toxicity and instream effects. We found that (a) limitations in the designs for these studies prevented statistically based inferences using relationships reported between ambient toxicity and instream impacts to other sites or to other times at these sites; (b) relatively few significant correlations existed between pairs of ambient toxicity and instream community variables; (c) the CETTP method for correlating maximum ambient toxicity to maximum instream impact generally reduced correlation between pairs of variables; and (d) the CETTP method used to show percentages of “correct predictions” by laboratory toxicity projections of instream impacts was mathematically biased and inappropriate. We show that canonical correlation analysis is a potentially useful approach for evaluating relationships between matrices of laboratory toxicity and field community measures. Our results indicate that the short-term chronic test results for ambient waters can potentially provide useful information relating to biological community structure in streams where toxicity is a predominating habitat influence.
The Meaning of War and Peace for the Migrant Syrian Students at Tertiary Level in Turkey: An Art-Based Study.

The present study aimed to determine the definition of war and peace by the migrant Syrian students at tertiary level; their image of war via their artistic drawings, as well as to reveal their expectations from peace. For this purpose, the study was conducted in the 20182019 academic year with an art-based research approach, employing art as a method, a form of analysis and as an object. The participants comprised 25 Syrian students between the age range of 17-20 years old who emigrated from Syrian war zones to Turkey. The analysis of the data focused on the definitions of war and peace, Syrian students’ drawings, and their verbal expressions about the drawings that help develop an analytical framework. The findings of the study demonstrated that most of the drawings reflected real images of war and peace; the participants rendered both visual and verbal symbolizations as the main expression of their suffering during the war and longing for peace. The drawings provided clues that could help them cope with the possible traumatic incidents they could experience at the present or in the future, and preserve their identity destructed by factors out of their control.
Photodynamic Therapy for Halitosis: Could be Possible?

Halitosis is a very frequent condition characterized by an unpleasant odor related to expired air, and 80-90% of the cases originate in the oral cavity. It is a social problem that affects one-third of the population, causing a negative impact on the quality of life. The measurement of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) at the oral level is very useful for intercepting the problem. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is based on the combination of a non-toxic dye and an appropriate wavelength of visible light, which in the presence of oxygen is activated and can promote a phototoxic response. We would like to document a case of oral halitosis diagnosed and treated with photodynamic therapy using a 660 nm diode laser and phenothiazine chloride as a photosensitizer.
Predictors of Adolescent Pregnancy among School Girls Aged 15-19 Years Attending Secondary School in Hoima District, Uganda

Introduction: Despite the numerous adolescent pregnancy prevention interventions implemented, Uganda has persistently had a high prevalence of adolescent pregnancy (25%) for the last ten years. This study sought to identify the predictors of adolescent pregnancy among adolescent girls aged 15-19 years in school. Methods: A cross sectional study design was used. Data was collected from 988 girls aged 15-19 years attending secondary school from twenty secondary schools in August 2019 using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and inferential analysis was done using SPSS. Results: The factors that that were associated with adolescent pregnancy at bivariate analysis were religion, school section (day scholar or boarding) category, ever been pregnant, ever had an abortion, sexual behavior and ever used family planning. At multivariate analysis, school section (day scholar or boarding) category and sexual behavior of the school girls were statistically significant. A higher proportion of the school girls in the boarding section got pregnant (3.6%) compared to girls who were day scholars (1%). Conclusion: The adolescent school girls in the boarding section and those with risky sexual behavior had the highest likelihood of getting pregnant. School based interventions should be intensified to address the SRH needs of girls in school.
Epiphytic bryophytes in Canarian subtropical montane cloud forests : the importance of the time since disturbance and host identity

The aim of this study was to determine the short- and medium-term effects of forestry practices on epiphytic bryophyte communities growing on whole trees of three host species (Erica arborea L., Laurus novocanariensis Rivas-Mart., Lousa, Fern. Prieto, E. Dias, J.C. Costa & C. Aguilar, Myrica faya Aiton) in subtropical montane cloud forests on La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). Specifically, we investigated differences in temporal and spatial shifts of species composition and richness of phylogenetic groupings among host species. The most common harvest method in the study area is clear-cutting. Four different postharvest successional stages (8, 15, 25, and 60 years after harvest) were studied. Temporal bryophyte species turnover varied according to host species. Most of the later-successional bryophytes with narrower ecological requirements had low abundances on L. novocanariensis; this host experienced a gradual increase of epiphytic richness along the chronosequence. Temporal changes for E. arborea and M.
Growth inhibition and colony formation in the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa induced by the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

In a tropical reservoir, the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii are the dominant species, with changes in dominance throughout the year. Since allelopathy has been suggested as a factor that could promote or stabilize harmful algal blooms, we investigated potential allelopathic effects of C. raciborskii on M. aeruginosa. Microcystis aeruginosa was exposed to exudates of a C. raciborskii monoculture and exudates of mixed cultures of both species. Significant growth inhibition of M. aeruginosa was observed only when it was exposed to exudates from the mixed culture with high proportion of C. raciborskii. This result suggests that the production of growth inhibitors seems to depend on stress (competition) and on the density of the producer species. In contrast to the control, M. aeruginosa formed colonies when exposed to filtrates of mixed cultures. As far as we know, this is the first report on colony induction resulting from the interaction between cyanobacteria. Our results suggest that compounds produced by C. raciborskii may induce defense mechanisms in M. aeruginosa. Our results also indicate specificity in this interaction, since another strain of M. aeruginosa showed different responses.
OCCURRENCE OF TWO DISTINCT TOMATO SPOTTED WILT VIRUS SUBGROUPS IN SOUTHERN ITALY

A fragment of the NSM gene of naturally occurring Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) isolates recovered in Apulia (southern Italy) from different cultivated and wild plant species was amplified by RT-PCR. The resulting 670 bp amplicon was cloned, sequenced and compared with available NSM sequences of other tospoviruses. The primary nucleotide sequence was 94.3 to 100% identical in all the Apulian TSWV isolates and had a 94-99% identity with TSWV-BR01, TSWV-L3, TSWV-JP, TSWV-A and TSWV-D. With other tospoviruses, sequence identity was in the range of 81-83% with Tomato chlorotic spot virus and Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus and, 74-79% with Groundnut ring spot virus, Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus and Impatiens necrotic spot virus, 53-55% with Iris yellow spot virus, Peanut bud necrosis virus and Watermelon silver mottle virus. The phylogenetic tree showed three primary branches departing from the bulk of all NSM sequences; all the TSWV sequences clustered in two subgroups, denoted A-like and D-like, clearly distinct from the other tospoviruses. The inclusion in a group of any of the Apulian isolates of TSWV was apparently not determined by the year, the place or the host from which they were recovered. The A-like isolates clustered with TSWV-A, an isolate that was able to overcome host and pathogen-mediated resistance in tomato whereas the remaining six isolates clustered with TSWV-D, an isolate that did not overcome these forms of resistance. A simple and rapid procedure based on RT-PCR followed by enzymatic digestion was developed to identify isolates of the two subgroups.
Teaching Effectiveness and Physical Education: Data from systematic observation

The purpose of the present study, which was part of a research project entitled “Development, testing and implementation of systematic observation/assessment tools for the teaching effectiveness of physical education teachers”, was to evaluate the elementary physical educators’ teaching practices and to examine the possible influence of teacher’s gender and school grade on them. The teaching practices of 40 PE teachers (19 males and 21 females) were observed and evaluated via the general assessment framework of the Presidential Decree (P.D.) 152/2013; a rubric that the Greek Ministry of Education released for the assessment of all school teachers. The P.D 152/2013 was adapted, clarified and tested for the PE subject and consists of three categories, seven criteria and 26 indicators of teaching effectiveness, described on four performance levels (Incomplete, Sufficient, Very Good, Excellent). Multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant main effects a) of teacher gender on the criterion “Interpersonal relationships and expectations” in favour of males, and b) of teaching grade on the criteria “Interpersonal relationships and expectations”, “Classroom organization” and “Instructional activities and Educational materials” where participants appeared more effective in upper grades. It seems that the teacher gender and the school grade play an important role on different factors of effective teaching in PE and should be taken into account in the development and implementation of teacher training programs. This research was implemented through the Operational Program "Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning" and is co-financed by the European Union (European Social Fund) and Greek national funds.
PHYTOSEIULUS RIEGELI DOSSE ALS PRÄDATOR EINIGER SCHADMILBEN AUS DER TETRANYCHUS URTICAE‐GRUPPE

Die Entwicklung und Eiablage von Phytoseiulus riegeli sind stark temperatur‐ und nahrungsabhängig. Bei optimalen Temperaturbedingungen, 25 und 30° C, legen die Weibchen im Durchschnitt pro Tag 4 Eier und verzehren dann etwa 30 Eier oder 24 Milbenstadien von Tetranychus cinnabarinus oder T. dianthica. Entscheidend für die Eizahl ist die Futtermenge, nicht die Futterart. Durch ein Überangebot an Nahrung lässt sich keine Steigerung der Eiablage bewirken. Die Gesamtentwicklungsdauer liegt zwischen 3 und 5 Tagen, sie ist also kürzer als die der Schadmilbenart.
An evaluation of biological and conventional pig selection indices

Summary. Two biological and 4 conventional pig selection indices were compared. The biological indices were lean meat growth (LGRTH) and lean meat feed conversion (LFCR). The conventional indices included average daily gain (ADG) and back fat measured at the P2 site (FP2) as criteria (index OF), or as in OF but with the addition of feed conversion ratio (FCR) as a selection criterion (index BTS). Also, using the same criteria as in BTS and OF, restricted indices were derived setting the genetic change in FP2 at zero (indices BTS.FP2 and OF.FP2). The correlated response in average daily feed intake (ADI) was calculated for all indices. The application of all indices resulted in variable, but desirable, predicted genetic changes in ADG, FCR and FP2. The correlated response in AD1 was positive, except for BTS and LFCR, where it was zero and negative, respectively. The correlations among all indices were high (r L 0.7) except for those restricting FP2. It is concluded that conventional selection indices have advantages over biological indices because they more easily enable the monitoring of changes in the components of overall merit and updating of breeding objectives.
Edge Effects and Interactions with Environment in Cocoa

SUMMARY In trials of seedling cocoa in Ghana, biases in the estimates of yield and tree size arising on the perimeters of experiments and on the interfaces of unguarded plots were strongly correlated, characteristic of progenies and stable across environments, but were inconsistent for black pod losses. No variate showed progeny × site interactions, but those of Caribbean yield data were interpreted by principal components analysis. The results show that 25-tree plots may be used for initial tests of new varieties and, as long as the environmental variation does not exceed that of the Ghanaian trials, at single sites.
Bat-parasitic Cimex species (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) on the Balkan Peninsula, with zoogeographical remarks on Cimex lectularius Linnaeus

The description of a new Cimex species, C. emarginatus, and first records of bat-parasitic Cimex species on the Balkan Peninsula, are presented. The rarity of the findings and possible reasons for the absence of Cimex lectularius on bats in the Mediterranean area are discussed.
Efficacy of Spinosad and Neem Products Against Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guen.) of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2009–2010 at SHIATS, Allahabad (U.P.) to compare the efficacy of insecticides, Spinosad and neem products against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, (Leucinodes orbonalis Guen.) which reveled that Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.01% was found most effective and showed (09.84%) shoot infestation, per cent fruit infestation (06.87% on number basis and 07.35% on weight basis) and increasing yield of brinjal fruit (239.30 q/ha). Whereas, Carbaryl 50 WP @ 0.2% and Endosulfan 35 EC @ 0.05% were also found effective in reducing per cent infestation shoot and fruit infestation and increasing yield. Amongst neem products NSKE 5% was found to be superior in terms of efficacy and yield. However, the increment cost benefit ratio (ICBR) showed that the application of Quinalphos 25 EC @ 0.05% was economically most viable treatment (1:67.86) followed by Endosulfan 35 EC @ 0.05% (1:66.19).