Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Optimisation of a Moving-Iron Linear Permanent Magnet Motor for Reciprocating Compressors using Finite Element Analysis

The paper describes design and optimisation of a tubular moving-iron linear permanent magnet motor for reciprocating compressor using finite element. The four leading design parameters are optimised individually. To validate the process reaches an optimal design, two leading parameters are varied simultaneously. This is due to one parameter may influence other parameters. The linear motor is aimed to produce 88.5 W output power which is enough to operate household refrigerator compressor system. To reduce material and manufacture cost, Strontium Ferrite and soft magnetic composite are used in this design. Index Terms – Permanent Magnet Machines, Soft Magnetic Composite, Finite Element Analysis, Linear Motor
In vivo Evaluation of Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Oral Delivery of Nevirapine

Nevirapine is a highly lipophilic and water insoluble non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Lymphoid tissue constitutes the major reservoir of HIV virus and infected cells in HIV-infected patients. Self-emulsifying drug delivery system, using long chain triglycerides, is a popular carrier of drugs due to their ability to transport lipophilic drugs into the lymphatic circulation. However, HIV/AIDS patients experience a variety of functional and anatomical abnormalities in gastrointestinal tract that result in diarrhoea and nutrient malabsorption. Medium chain triglycerides are readily absorbed from the small bowel under conditions in which the absorption of long chain triglycerides is impaired. Therefore, nevirapine self-emulsifying drug delivery system containing medium chain fatty acid, caprylic acid and a solubilizer, Soluphor® P (2-pyrrolidone) was developed and found to be superior to the marketed conventional suspension with respect to in vitro diffusion and ex vivo intestinal permeability. This self-emulsifying drug delivery system has now been further investigated for in vivo absorption in an animal model. The contribution of caprylic acid and Soluphor® P on in vivo absorption of nevirapine was also studied in the present study. The bioavailability of nevirapine from self-emulsifying drug delivery system, after oral administration, was 2.69 times higher than that of the marketed suspension. The improved bioavailability could be due to absorption of nevirapine via both portal and intestinal lymphatic routes. The study indicates that medium chain or structured triglycerides can be a better option to develop self-emulsifying drug delivery system for lipophilic and extensively metabolised drugs like nevirapine for patients with AIDS-associated malabsorption.
An electromyography-driven central pattern generator model for robotic control application

Central pattern generator (CPG) models have been designed at abstract levels of the rhythm phenomena and widely applied in robot control. The robot controlled with a CPG model is hard to perceive and respond to the motion intention coming from human beings. A new CPG model driven by surface electromyography (sEMG) was presented in this paper to manipulate robots more favorably without loss of their autonomous capability. The CPG model was designed based on an echo state network (ESN) which was a large, random, recurrent neural network. The frequency modulating from inputs to outputs was researched in this study. It was illustrated that ESNs could learn and generalize the frequency transition pattern. The flexion and extension motion of forearms and the sEMG at biceps and triceps muscles were sampled as the teacher signals to train the CPG model. The prediction error of the trained model was analyzed carefully and the model output was applied to control a rehabilitation exoskeleton. Finally, the future work was discussed on the model structure optimizing.
Dynamic spectrum access for multi-type buyers in cognitive radio networks

In this paper, we establish a game theoretic framework of the auction based dynamic spectrum access for multitype buyers (i.e., the secondary users that have different risk preferences) in cognitive radio networks where the auction mechanisms of the primary user are parameterized and can be adaptively designed. We design the utility functions of the multitype secondary users. The proposed game is a discrete game having at least one mixed or pure strategy Nash equilibrium. Based on the concept of learning automata, we propose a distributed algorithm to learn the Nash equilibrium of the proposed game with limited feedback information and prove its convergence to the Nash equilibrium of our proposed game with properly designed utility function. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm is efficient and can achieve much higher performance than the traditional fixed auction mechanism schemes and the random algorithm.
Database Architecture Evolution: Mammals Flourished long before Dinosaurs became Extinct

The holy grail for database architecture research is to find a solution that is Scalable & Speedy, to run on anything from small ARM processors up to globally distributed compute clusters, Stable & Secure, to service a broad user community, Small & Simple, to be comprehensible to a small team of programmers, Self-managing, to let it run out-of-the-box without hassle. In this paper, we provide a trip report on this quest, covering both past experiences, ongoing research on hardware-conscious algorithms, and novel ways towards self-management specifically focused on column store solutions.
Improvement of critical current densities in SmBa2Cu3Oy, films with BaHfO3 nano-rods using low temperature growth technique

We studied growth substrate temperature dependent morphologies of BaHfO3 (BHO) nano-rods for SmBa2Cu3Oy, (SmBCO) films with BHO fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. The morphology of BHO nano-rods within the SmBCO matrix could be controlled by changing substrate temperatures adoping a Low Temperature Growth (LTG) technique. Using the LTG technique, we could fabricate SmBCO films showed c-axis orientation even at low substrate temperature during deposition without a degradation of superconducting properties, which is one of the most advantages of the LTG technique. In this study, we found an optimal morphology of the BHO nano-rods and the morphology was fine, straight and various growth directions. The BHO nano-rods were more effective to improve the Jc in a magnetic field than other morphologies of the BHO nano-rods.
Oppenheim conjecture for pairs consisting of a linear form and a quadratic form

Let Q be a nondegenerate quadratic form and L a nonzero linear form of dimension d > 3. As a generalization of the Oppenheim conjecture, we prove that the set {(Q(x), L(x)): x ∈ Z d ) is dense in R 2 provided that Q and L satisfy some natural conditions. The proof uses dynamics on homogeneous spaces of Lie groups.
Generalized Bandwidth Adaptive System for Multimedia Transmission in Multi-Cell Wireless Networks

In this paper, a novel system, which adapts a bandwidth by dynamic extracting the excess bandwidth not only from one cell but also from other cells in the cellular wireless networks, is presented. The proposed system manages the multimedia sessions to redistribute the new QoS parameters values in case of notable changes or network starvation. The performance analysis shows that our proposed system impacts the old trials and decreases the drop probability of new and handoff calls in multicell wireless networks.
On-demand grid application tuning and debugging with the NetLogger activation service

Typical grid computing scenarios involve many distributed hardware and software components. The more components that are involved, the more likely it is that one of them may fail. In order for grid computing to succeed, there must be a simple mechanism to determine which component failed and why. Instrumentation of all grid applications and middleware is an important part of the solution to this problem. However, it must be possible to control and adapt the amount of instrumentation data produced in order to not be flooded by this data. We describe a scalable, high-performance instrumentation activation mechanism that addresses this problem.
Evolutionary conservation of the egr‐1 immediate‐early gene response in a teleost

Immediate‐early gene expression is a key part of a neuron's response to behaviorally relevant stimuli and, as a result, localization of immediate‐early gene expression can be a useful marker for neural activity. We characterized the immediate‐early gene egr‐1 (also called zif268, NGFI‐A, krox‐24, ZENK) in the teleost Astatotilapia (Haplochromis) burtoni. We compared the A. burtoni egr‐1 predicted protein sequence to that of other vertebrates, characterized its gene expression time course, and localized its induced expression throughout the brain. The A. burtoni egr‐1 predicted protein shared putative functional domains with egr‐1 of other vertebrates and shared 81% sequence similarity with zebrafish and 66% with mouse. We identified distinct mammalian and teleost inserts rich in serine residues within one activation domain, suggesting convergent responses to selection pressures to increase the number of serine residues in this region. Functionally, we found that A. burtoni egr‐1 gene expression peaked near 30 minutes after pharmacological stimulation and thereby displayed the transient expression above basal levels characteristic of egr‐1 expression in birds and mammals. Finally, we observed distinct patterns of egr‐1 gene induction in the brain by natural and pharmacological stimuli. Unstimulated males had very low expression levels of egr‐1, whereas males stimulated by their normal environment showed higher levels of expression specific to particular brain regions. Males injected with a glutamate receptor agonist also had region‐specific induction of egr‐1 expression. We conclude that the egr‐1 immediate‐early gene response is evolutionarily conserved and will, therefore, be useful for identifying functional neural responses in nontraditional model species. J. Comp. Neurol. 481:220–232, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fuzzy wavelet packet based feature extraction method for multifunction myoelectric control

The myoelectric signal (MES) is one of the Biosignals utilized in helping humans to control equipments. Recent approaches in MES classification to control prosthetic devices employing pattern recognition techniques revealed two problems, first, the classification performance of the system starts degrading when the number of motion classes to be classified increases, second, in order to solve the first problem, additional complicated methods were utilized which increase the computational cost of a multifunction myoelectric control system. In an effort to solve these problems and to achieve a feasible design for real time implementation with high overall accuracy, this paper presents a new method for feature extraction in MES recognition systems. The method works by extracting features using Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) applied on the MES from multiple channels, and then employs Fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm to generate a measure that judges on features suitability for classification. Finally, Principle Components Analysis (PCA) is utilized to reduce the size of the data before computing the classification accuracy with a multilayer perceptron neural network. The proposed system produces powerful classification results (99% accuracy) by using only a small portion of the original feature set.
Right Ventricular Response to Intensive Medical Therapy in Advanced Decompensated Heart Failure

Background—Right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction is a strong predictor of adverse outcomes in heart failure, yet quantitatively assessing the impact of therapy on this condition is difficult. Our objective was to compare the clinical significance of changes in RV echocardiographic indices in response to intensive medical treatment in patients admitted to the hospital with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Methods and Results—Serial comprehensive echocardiography was performed in 62 consecutive patients with ADHF, and adverse events (death, cardiac transplantation, assist device, heart failure rehospitalization) were prospectively documented. RV peak systolic strain was assessed using speckle-tracking longitudinal strain analysis as the average of the basal, mid-, and apical segment of the RV free wall. Other conventional parameters of RV function (RV fractional area change, RV myocardial performance index, tricuspid annular peak systolic excursion, and tissue Doppler peak tricuspid annular systolic velocity) were measured for comparison. In our study cohort [left ventricular ejection fraction, 26±10%; cardiac index, 2.0±0.6 L/(min · m2)], overall mean RV peak systolic strain was −14±4% at baseline and −15±4% at 48 to 72 hours (P=0.27). Among all the RV functional indices measured, only RV peak systolic strain at 48 to 72 hours was associated with adverse events (P=0.02). In particular, improvement in RV peak systolic strain after intensive medical treatment was associated with lower adverse events in this patient population (26% versus 78%; hazard ratio, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.84; P=0.02). Conclusion—Dynamic improvement in RV mechanics in response to intensive medical therapy was associated with lower long-term adverse events in patients with ADHF than in patients not showing improvement.
Nonlinear charge movement in mammalian cardiac ventricular cells. Components from Na and Ca channel gating [published erratum appears in J Gen Physiol 1989 Aug;94(2):401]

Intramembrane charge movement was recorded in rat and rabbit ventricular cells using the whole-cell voltage clamp technique. Na and K currents were eliminated by using tetraethylammonium as the main cation internally and externally, and Ca channel current was blocked by Cd and La. With steps in the range of -110 to -150 used to define linear capacitance, extra charge moves during steps positive to approximately -70 mV. With holding potentials near -100 mV, the extra charge moving outward on depolarization (ON charge) is roughly equal to the extra charge moving inward on repolarization (OFF charge) after 50- 100 ms. Both ON and OFF charge saturate above approximately +20 mV; saturating charge movement is approximately 1,100 fC (approximately 11 nC/muF of linear capacitance). When the holding potential is depolarized to -50 mV, ON charge is reduced by approximately 40%, with little change in OFF charge. The reduction of ON charge by holding potential in this range matches inactivation of Na current measured in the same cells, suggesting that this component might arise from Na channel gating. The ON charge remaining at a holding potential of -50 mV has properties expected of Ca channel gating current: it is greatly reduced by application of 10 muM D600 when accompanied by long depolarizations and it is reduced at more positive holding potentials with a voltage dependence similar to that of Ca channel inactivation. However, the D600-sensitive charge movement is much larger than the Ca channel gating current that would be expected if the movement of channel gating charge were always accompanied by complete opening of the channel.
Crystal structure and substrate specificity of plant adenylate isopentenyltransferase from Humulus lupulus: distinctive binding affinity for purine and pyrimidine nucleotides

Cytokinins are important plant hormones, and their biosynthesis most begins with the transfer of isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to the N6-amino group of adenine by either adenylate isopentenyltransferase (AIPT) or tRNA–IPT. Plant AIPTs use ATP/ADP as an isopentenyl acceptor and bacterial AIPTs prefer AMP, whereas tRNA–IPTs act on specific sites of tRNA. Here, we present the crystal structure of an AIPT–ATP complex from Humulus lupulus (HlAIPT), which is similar to the previous structures of Agrobacterium AIPT and yeast tRNA–IPT. The enzyme is structurally homologous to the NTP-binding kinase family of proteins but forms a solvent-accessible channel that binds to the donor substrate DMAPP, which is directed toward the acceptor substrate ATP/ADP. When measured with isothermal titration calorimetry, some nucleotides displayed different binding affinities to HlAIPT with an order of ATP > dATP ∼ ADP > GTP > CTP > UTP. Two basic residues Lys275 and Lys220 in HlAIPT interact with the β and γ-phosphate of ATP. By contrast, the interactions are absent in Agrobacterium AIPT because they are replaced by the acidic residues Asp221 and Asp171. Despite its structural similarity to the yeast tRNA–IPT, HlAIPT has evolved with a different binding strategy for adenylate.
High Coverages of Hydrogen on a (10,0) Carbon Nanotube

The binding energy of H to a (10,0) carbon nanotube is calculated at 24, 50, and 100% coverage using the AM1 and ONIOM approaches. Several different bonding configurations are considered for the 50% coverage case. Using the ONIOM approach, the average C−H bond energy for the most stable 50% coverage and for the 100% coverage are 57.3 and 38.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Considering the size of the bond energy of H2, these values suggest that it will be difficult to achieve 100% atomic H coverage on a (10,0) nanotube. The 50% coverage, which appears favorable, corresponds to about 4% by weight storage of H.
Experiments in speaker normalisation and adaptation for large vocabulary speech recognition

This paper examines techniques for speaker normalisation and adaptation that are applied in training with the aim of removing some of the variability from the speaker independent models. Two techniques are examined: vocal tract normalisation (VTN) which estimates a single "vocal tract length" parameter for each speaker and then modifies the speech parameterisation accordingly and speaker adaptive training (SAT) which estimates Gaussian mean and variance parameters jointly with a speaker specific set of maximum likelihood linear regression (MLLR) based transformations. It is shown that VTN is effective for both clean speech and mismatched conditions and that the further improvements obtained by applying MLLR in testing are essentially additive. Detailed results from the use of SAT show that worthwhile improvements over using MLLR with standard speaker independent models are obtained.
A new distributed state estimation technique for power networks

The paper develops a new distributed state estimation technique for power networks. This distributed state estimator aims to provide the same optimal estimate as the centralized one via a small amount information exchange between neighbors, which are physically in parallel with the partition of power networks. Moreover, we show that the distributed state estimator converges to the optimal estimate in a finite number of iterations depending on the size of the abstract graph. Both rigorous analysis and simulations are provided to show the correctness.
Integrating Wikipedia and Facebook Context into Collaborative E-Brainstorming

This paper presents an application for collaborative brainstorming on shared digital displays that integrates online content to help create new ideas during the brainstorming process. The brainstorming application links ideas under discussion to their best matched Wikipedia pages, suggests related ideas for deeper discussion based on items “pinned” on the whiteboard, and recommends a broader scope of new ideas based on users’ experiences and expertise, as derived from their social networking profiles. The software system for this application is described, including its idea recommendation engine and UI component. Experimental tests evaluating the application in the context of real users are presented.
Tubulin tyrosination is a major factor affecting the recruitment of CAP-Gly proteins at microtubule plus ends

Tubulin-tyrosine ligase (TTL), the enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue to α-tubulin in the tubulin tyrosination cycle, is involved in tumor progression and has a vital role in neuronal organization. We show that in mammalian fibroblasts, cytoplasmic linker protein (CLIP) 170 and other microtubule plus-end tracking proteins comprising a cytoskeleton-associated protein glycine-rich (CAP-Gly) microtubule binding domain such as CLIP-115 and p150 Glued, localize to the ends of tyrosinated microtubules but not to the ends of detyrosinated microtubules. In vitro, the head domains of CLIP-170 and of p150 Glued bind more efficiently to tyrosinated microtubules than to detyrosinated polymers. In TTL-null fibroblasts, tubulin detyrosination and CAP-Gly protein mislocalization correlate with defects in both spindle positioning during mitosis and cell morphology during interphase. These results indicate that tubulin tyrosination regulates microtubule interactions with CAP-Gly microtubule plus-end tracking proteins and provide explanations for the involvement of TTL in tumor progression and in neuronal organization.
Next-generation VariationHunter: combinatorial algorithms for transposon insertion discovery

Recent years have witnessed an increase in research activity for the detection of structural variants (SVs) and their association to human disease. The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies make it possible to extend the scope of structural variation studies to a point previously unimaginable as exemplified by the 1000 Genomes Project. Although various computational methods have been described for the detection of SVs, no such algorithm is yet fully capable of discovering transposon insertions, a very important class of SVs to the study of human evolution and disease. In this article, we provide a complete and novel formulation to discover both loci and classes of transposons inserted into genomes sequenced with high-throughput sequencing technologies. In addition, we also present ‘conflict resolution’ improvements to our earlier combinatorial SV detection algorithm (VariationHunter) by taking the diploid nature of the human genome into consideration. We test our algorithms with simulated data from the Venter genome (HuRef) and are able to discover >85% of transposon insertion events with precision of >90%. We also demonstrate that our conflict resolution algorithm (denoted as VariationHunter-CR) outperforms current state of the art (such as original VariationHunter, BreakDancer and MoDIL) algorithms when tested on the genome of the Yoruba African individual (NA18507). Availability: The implementation of algorithm is available at http://compbio.cs.sfu.ca/strvar.htm. Contact: eee@gs.washington. edu; cenk@cs.sfu.ca Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Threshold Analysis of Adjusted Counter-Based Broadcast in MANETs

The broadcasting protocol can dramatically affect the performance of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). Proper use of a counter-based scheme can reduce the number of rebroadcasts and hence reduce the chance of contention and collision among neighbouring nodes. While most previous studies have used a fixed counter-based threshold value irrespective of node/network status, this research argues that one-hop neighbourhood information could be used to dynamically estimate more suitable threshold values of the traditional counter based at a given node. This is done based on locally available information and without requiring any assistance of distance measurements or exact location determination devices. Our simulation results show that the new dynamic scheme provides good performance levels compared to the existing solutions.