Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
User Experience Goals for Designing Industrial Human-Cobot Collaboration: A Case Study of Franka Panda Robot

Pleasurable user experience (UX) is an essential design target in human-technology interaction. It helps to fulfil users’ expectations and to complete tasks successfully, in both everyday life and work contexts. In the industrial context, collaborative robots (cobots) are developed to reduce users’ workload. In this context, the human workers and cobots share tasks and the workspace. Traditionally, design of such machinery has focused on functionality and safety. One approach that focuses on designing for broader aspects of pleasurable user experience is experience-driven design (EDD). EDD allows UX designers to identify and design for certain experiences using experience goals. In this study, we explored experience goals suitable for the design of human-cobot interaction. We observed and interviewed 22 participants in a laboratory setup, where they performed a collaborative task with Franka Panda cobot. As a result, we identified four prominent UX goals: fellowship and sympathy; inspiration; safety and trust; and accomplishment.
What verb-final and V2 have in common: evidence from the prosody of German restrictive relative clauses in adults and children

Abstract Theoretical accounts agree that German restrictive relative clauses (RCs) are integrated at the level of syntax as well as at the level of prosody (Brandt 1990; Gärtner 1998, 2002; Endriss and Gärtner 2005; Catasso and Hinterhölzl 2016; Sanfelici et al. 2017) in both the default verb-final and the marked verb-second variant (referred to as iV2). Both variants are assumed to show the same prosodic pattern, i. e. , prosodic integration into the main clause, and not unintegrated prosody, which would signal a sequence of two main clauses. To date strong empirical evidence for this close correspondence between prosody and syntax in RCs is missing. Findings regarding prosodic integration of verb-final RCs are not consistent, and research regarding the prosody of iV2 structures is very scarce. Using a delayed sentence-repetition task, our study investigated whether subordination is signaled by prosody in RCs in both the verb-final and the V2 variant in adults ( n = 21n=21). In addition, we asked whether young language learners ( n = 23n=23), who at the age of 3 have just started to produce embedded clauses, are already sensitive to this mapping. The adult responses showed significantly more patterns of prosodic integration than of prosodic non-integration in the V-final and the iV2 structures, with no difference between the two conditions. Notably, the child responses mirrored this adult behavior, showing significantly more patterns of prosodic integration than of prosodic non-integration in both V-final and iV2 structures. The findings regarding adults’ prosodic realizations provide novel empirical evidence for the claim that iV2 structures, just like verb-final RCs, show prosodic integration. Moreover, our study strongly suggests that subordination is signaled by prosody already by age 3 in both verb-final and V2 variants of RCs.
Technology Acceptance, Technological Self-Efficacy, and Attitude Toward Technology-Based Self-Directed Learning: Learning Motivation as a Mediator

This study explored the contribution of technology acceptance and technological self-efficacy to attitude toward technology-based self-directed learning in a sample of Chinese undergraduate students. The study also inquired into whether learning motivation mediated these associations. A total of 332 undergraduate students of college English course were enrolled to participate in questionnaires regarding their technology acceptance, technological self-efficacy, attitude toward technology-based self-directed learning, and learning motivation. Results indicated that students’ technology acceptance and technological self-efficacy were related to their attitude toward technology-based self-directed learning. The findings also indicated that learning motivation mediated the relations of technology acceptance, technological self-efficacy, and attitude toward technology-based self-directed learning. Specifically, students experiencing greater technology acceptance and technological self-efficacy showed higher attitude toward technology-based self-directed learning. This study highlighted the significance of learning motivation as a mediating mechanism illustrating relations between students’ perception of technology environments and their attitude toward technology-based self-directed learning.
A comparative study of reinforcement learning techniques to repair models

In model-driven software engineering, models are used in all phases of the development process. These models may get broken due to various editions during the modeling process. To repair broken models we have developed PARMOREL, an extensible framework that uses reinforcement learning techniques. So far, we have used our version of the Markov Decision Process (MDP) adapted to the model repair problem and the Q-learning algorithm. In this paper, we revisit our MDP definition, addressing its weaknesses, and proposing a new one. After comparing the results of both MDPs using Q-Learning to repair a sample model, we proceed to compare the performance of Q-Learning with other reinforcement learning algorithms using the new MDP. We compare Q-Learning with four algorithms: Q(λ), Monte Carlo, SARSA and SARSA (λ), and perform a comparative study by repairing a set of broken models. Our results indicate that the new MDP definition and the Q(λ) algorithm can repair with faster performance.
Fumonisin B1: A Tool for Exploring the Multiple Functions of Sphingolipids in Plants

Fumonisin toxins are produced by Fusarium fungal pathogens. Fumonisins are structural analogs of sphingosine and potent inhibitors of ceramide synthases (CerSs); they disrupt sphingolipid metabolism and cause disease in plants and animals. Over the past three decades, researchers have used fumonisin B1 (FB1), the most common fumonisin, as a probe to investigate sphingolipid metabolism in yeast and animals. Although the physiological effects of FB1 in plants have yet to be investigated in detail, forward and reverse genetic approaches have revealed many genes involved in these processes. In this review, we discuss the intricate network of signaling pathways affected by FB1, including changes in sphingolipid metabolism and the effects of these changes, with a focus on our current understanding of the multiple effects of FB1 on plant cell death and plant growth. We analyze the major findings that highlight the connections between sphingolipid metabolism and FB1-induced signaling, and we point out where additional research is needed to fill the gaps in our understanding of FB1-induced signaling pathways in plants.
Bipolar Mood State Reflected in Functional Connectivity of the Hate Circuit: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Background Previous studies suggested bipolar disorder caused an aberrant alteration in the insular, putamen, and left superior frontal gyrus, which are the main components of the hate circuit. However, the relationship between the hate circuit and the pathophysiologic substrate underlying different phases of bipolar disorder remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify group differences of resting-state functional connectivity within the hate circuit in healthy controls (HCs) and bipolar patients in different mood states. Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were acquired from 54 HCs and 81 patients with bipolar disorder including 20 with bipolar mania (BM), 35 with bipolar depression (BD), and 26 with bipolar euthymia (BE). We selected bilateral insula (L.INS and R.INS), bilateral putamen (L.PUT and R.PUT), and left superior frontal gyrus (L.SFGd) as seed regions, and conducted the seed-based functional connectivity analysis to identify group differences of connectivity strength within the hate circuit. Spearman correlations were performed to evaluate the relationship between the hate circuit and manic/depressive symptoms. Results Significant group differences of connectivity strength within the hate circuit were found in links of the R.INS-L.SFGd, R.PUT-L.SFGd, and L.INS- R.PUT after false discovery rate was corrected. The BM group showed an opposite hate circuit pattern to BD, BE, and HCs. The BD group showed decreased hate circuit connectivity in the L.INS-R.PUT compared with the BE group. No significant difference was detected among BD, BE, and HCs. Furthermore, functional connectivity of the R.INS-L.SFGd and R.PUT-L.SFGd were positively correlated with manic symptoms, while the L.INS- R.PUT was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions Our preliminary findings suggest that altered functional connectivity of the hate circuit in different mood phases may be related to state markers and underpin the neuropathological basis of bipolar disorder.
Study the morphology and essential oil content in two Saturejakhuzistanica jamzad populations under Tehran climatic condition

This experiment was conducted to study the morphological features and essential oils content in two Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad populations in Tehran ecological conditions. First, seeds of two populations from the species Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad were collected from Lorestan Province, Iran. Collected seeds were evaluated to be from the correct genus and species by the help of experts in the Iranian Research Institute of forests and Rangelands. Seeds were planted in proper transplanting trays and at 8-10 leaves stage, healthy plants were transplanted in special pots and finally were moved to the main field. Plants were regularly monitored during the growing period. At full flowering stage, flowering shoots were harvested to measure their essential oil content. To do this, samples were dried under shadow in proper temperature. In laboratory, their essential oils were extracted by the method of water distillation. Results indicated that S. khuzistanica 14 had better morphological features such as plant height, branches length, stem length, leaf length / width ratio and canopy diameter than S. khuzistanica 13. However, stem length, the number of leaves, the number of branches and leaf length were higher in S. khuzistanica 13. Finally, S. khuzistanica 13 had higher shoot dry weight and essential oil content that resulted in higher essential oils yield.
MOLECULAR EVOLUTION AND PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CYTOCHROME B GENE IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SANTA ANA SPECKLED DACE (Rhinichthys osculus)

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 Distribution of Cypriniformes . 2 Rhinichthys osculus (Speckled Dace) Systematics . 4 Formation of the Geographic Features of Southern California . 6 Southern California Watersheds . 8 Phylogeography . 9 Phylogeography of Freshwater Fish . 11 Phylogeography of Cyprinidae . 14 Phylogeography of Speckled Dace . 16 Population Genetics . 18 Molecular Evolution of Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) . 20 Structure & Molecular Evolution of Cytochrome b gene . 24 Proposed Study . 28 CHAPTER TWO: MATERIALS AND METHODS Data Collection . 31 Molecular Methods . 32 Sequence Analysis . 35 Phylogeography . 36 Population Genetics . 37
Systematics and stratigraphical range of the hegetotheriids Hegetotheriopsis sulcatus and Prohegetotherium sculptum (Mammalia: Notoungulata)

Hegetotheriidae is one of the most advanced clades within the endemic South American placental Order Notoungulata. The species Hegetotheriopsis sulcatus Kramarz & Paz, 2013 differs from all other known hegetotheriids in having a peculiar combination of cranial and dental features, some of them shared with Archaeohyracidae (sister group of Hegetotheriidae). A previous cladistic analysis supported H. sulcatus as the earliest diverging hegetotheriid. Nevertheless, a more recent analysis, based on a different data matrix, concluded that this species is an advanced form within the family, with the little-known Prohegetotherium sculptum Ameghino, 1897 (late Oligocene) being the most basal taxon. Here we present a revision of the concept and the content of P. sculptum based on a re-examination of the type specimens. We find that this material exhibits several dental and cranial characters not recognized in all previous studies; we conclude that no specimen other than the types can be assigned to P. sculptum, and that all the synonymies previously proposed (i.e. P. shumwayi and P. crassus) are unfounded. A new cladistic analysis, combining characters from the two aforementioned analyses, confirms the position of H. sulcatus as the earliest diverging hegetotheriid. The taxon was originally described based on remains from early Miocene deposits in central and northern Patagonia (Sarmiento, Chichinales and Cerro Bandera formations). Here we report new material from the late Oligocene of Cabeza Blanca (central Patagonia), and reassign other material previously attributed to Prohegetotherium from presumably equivalent levels at Quebrada Fiera (central West Argentina). These remains extend the occurrence of H. sulcatus back to the late Oligocene, and fill an important gap of the early record of Hegetotheriidae.
Combination of Image and Location Information for Snake Species Identification using Object Detection and EfficientNets

Snake species identiﬁcation based on images is important to quickly treat patients suﬀering from snake bites using the correct antivenom. The SnakeCLEF 2020 challenge, which is part of the LifeCLEF research platform, is focused on this task and provides snake images and associated location information. This paper describes the participation of the FHDO Biomedical Computer Science Group (BCSG) in this challenge. The implemented machine learning workﬂow uses Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN) for object detection, various image pre-processing steps, EﬃcientNets for classiﬁ-cation as well as diﬀerent methods to fuse image and location information. The best model submitted before the challenge deadline achieved a macro-averaging F 1 -score of 0.404. After the expiration of this deadline, the results could be improved up to a macro-averaging F 1 -score of 0.594.
Neighbourhood climate resilience: lessons from the Lighthouse Project

The Lighthouse Project (2017–2018) explored the role that faith-based organizations (FBOs) might play as resilience hubs for climate-related stresses and extreme weather emergencies in disadvantaged urban environments of three cities. This paper discusses the role that public health played in these initiatives and makes an appeal for more participatory, community-engaged public health in light of the persistent gaps in its approach to equitable climate change preparedness. Pilots were initiated in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA): Brampton’s Emergency Managers offered pre-selected FBO volunteers specialized training to be part of the city’s emergency response in establishing FBO sites as emergency muster stations. An environmental organization in Hamilton explored how its existing networks could rally around a local social resilience challenge, and a community organizer in Toronto undertook network building to support mostly newcomer populations in one inner-city neighbourhood. All pilots used a mix of cold calling, workshops, municipal presentations, and participation in local programming and public events. Two convened local working groups. By the end of the pilot, Brampton’s Emergency Management Office had made one contractual relationship with an FBO and its volunteers. In Hamilton, a multi-stakeholder network emerged to support the climate preparedness of agencies serving local vulnerable populations. In Toronto, a residents’ working group was established to address neighbour well-being and emergency response in one apartment tower. Work in all three communities is ongoing. Multi-stakeholder support for community organizations and local volunteers can enable partnerships in neighbourhood-level climate resilience—before, during and after extreme weather events. Public Health, while not typically top-of-mind as a key ally in this work, is well positioned to make a contribution. Consistent with place-based approaches, an emergent community development design enabled community animators to catalyze collaborations to suit the on-the-ground realities of each site.
In situ and in vitro estimation of mineral release from common feedstuffs fed to cattle

SUMMARY The objective of the current study was to quantify the dry matter (DM) digestibility, and total ash (TA) and mineral release from 12 concentrate and 12 forage feedstuffs commonly fed to cattle using in situ and in vitro methods. Concentrate and forage feedstuffs were incubated in the rumen of ruminally cannulated beef bulls at eight different time points. Two different trials were conducted for concentrates and forages, with maximum incubation time of 72 and 120 h, respectively. The residue from samples incubated for 24 h were treated with pepsin and hydrochloric acid to simulate abomasum digestion in vitro. The initial and residual samples after in situ and in vitro incubations were measured. An asymptotic model was adopted for estimating solubility of minerals, disappearance rate of DM, and TA. Correlations between feedstuff contents and mineral release were evaluated. Residual samples from rumen fermentation after 24 h were incubated in simulated abomasal conditions and mineral release was measured. Cluster analysis was performed to group feedstuffs in relation to TA release. Large variability was observed between concentrate and forage feedstuffs for all constituents analysed. Large variability was observed for the effective ruminal degradation of TA and individual mineral release. When feedstuffs were clustered according to the immediately soluble fraction (‘a’), the insoluble by potentially releasable fraction (‘b’) and the release rate of ‘b’ (‘kd’,/h) estimates of TA ruminal release, four groups were identified. From group ‘1’ to group ‘4’, an increase in the soluble fraction and a reduction in both moderate releasable fraction and release rate was observed. Neutral detergent fibre content had a negative correlation with mineral release in the rumen, while mineral content had a positive correlation. These results demonstrate that mineral solubilization in the digestive tract is not the limiting factor for mineral absorption from the feedstuffs tested.
Spatial Distribution and Location of Natural Organic Matter on Sediment Particles by Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis and the Development of a New Persistent Organic Pollutant–Sediment Kinetic Desorption Model

Natural organic matter (NOM) has long been shown to be the dominant factor in determining equilibrium and kinetic processes during sorption and desorption phenomena in sediment and soil experiments. Although several models have been suggested for predicting these processes, few offer mechanistic interpretations because the spatial location of organic matter on sediment particles is unknown. This investigation manually examined sediment particles from multiple locations, containing varying concentrations of NOM, using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy to determine the types of particles present by categorizing them as individual particles, aggregates, and “other” (detritus, algae, etc.). These types of particles were subsequently analyzed for their elemental composition, specifically the spatial location of carbon. By creating a carbon map of each particle, this investigation has determined that organic matter tends to occur in 2 forms: large aggregates or dispersed across individual sediment particles. These findings were then used to propose a more mechanistically sound mathematical model for pollutant desorption phenomena, assigning the traditional labile kinetic release component to the dispersed NOM spread randomly across sediment particles and the nonlabile kinetic release component to diffusion from densely packed NOM aggregates. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:323–332. © 2020 SETAC
Response of single and co-inoculation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth, flowering and nutrient content of chrysanthemum

A pot experiment was conducted in the screen-house of Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the two successive seasons of 2011-12 and 2012-13 to investigate the potential effect of different strains of Bacillus (BS1- SYB101, BS2- SB155 and BS3- SB127), Pseudomonas (PS1- WPS73, PS2- CPA152 and PS3-P20) and their combination on growth, flowering and nutrient content of chrysanthemum. Strains of Bacillus and Pseudomonas significantly influenced the observed parameters of chrysanthemum. Maximum plant height and number of branches per plant were recorded in plants inoculated with PS2 strain of Pseudomonas (CPA152) and BS3 strain of Bacillus (SB127) in both the years. The minimum number of days taken to bud initiation, days for first flowering from bud initiation and days taken for 50% flowering were recorded in plants inoculated with PS2 strain of Pseudomonas (CPA152) and BS3 strain of Bacillus (SB127). The maximum flower size was noticed with PS3 strain of Pseudomonas (P20) in the first year whereas, in second year, the response of Pseudomonas strains was found non-significant. Among Bacillus strains, the plants inoculated with BS3 (SB127) recorded maximum flower size. Maximum flower yield/plant was recorded in plants inoculated with PS2 strains of Pseudomonas (CPA152) and BS3 strains of Bacillus (SB127). The N content of plant was recorded maximum with PS2 (CPA152) and PS3 (P20) strains of Pseudomonas and BS3 (SB127) strains of Bacillus, whereas, P content of plant was noticed maximum with PS3 strains of Pseudomonas (P20) in the first year, while it was found non-significant in second. The response of Pseudomonas strains to K content of plant was found non-significant in both years, while K content of plant was influenced significantly by Bacillus strains. Key words: Chrysanthemum, PGPR, rhizosphere bacteria, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, nutrient content.