Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trends of terrestrial water storage and actual evapotranspiration in Chinese inland basins and their main affecting factors

The Chinese inland basins (CIBs) are vulnerable to global warming and human activities due to low precipitation and high potential evaporation. Terrestrial water storage (TWS) is an important component of the hydrological cycle and essential for evaluating the water resource security of the CIBs. Although some studies have focused on water storage trends in sub-basins of the CIBs, only few studies have analyzed water storage trends in the CIBs as a whole. In this study, trends and magnitudes of precipitation, TWS, and actual evapotranspiration (AET) were detected by the rank-based non-parametric Mann–Kendall test and trend magnitude method. Based on the hydrological budget of the closed inland basin, the monthly series of AET were simulated and the main factors affecting TWS changes in the CIBs and each closed basin were identified. Results showed that both precipitation and AET significantly increased in the CIBs. Precipitation decreased from the northwest and southeast regions to the central region in the CIBs. Moreover, the annual TWS in the CIBs significantly decreased mainly due to the increased AET. Approximately 60% AET increase was attributed to increased irrigation diversions. At the basin scale, similar to the CIBs, changes in AET were the predominant factor influencing changes in TWS in the Tarim basin (TRB), Turpan basin (TPB), and Hexi Corridor basin (HCB). Qiangtang Plateau basin (QPB) Qaidam basin (QDB) the increase in precipitation contributed more than 60% increase in TWS glacier melting and irrigation diversion.
Protective effects of menthol against sepsis-induced hepatic injury: Role of mediators of hepatic inflammation, apoptosis, and regeneration

Liver dysfunction in sepsis is a major complication that amplifies multiple organ failure and increases the risk of death. Inflammation and oxidative stress are the main mediators in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Therefore, we investigated the role of menthol, a natural antioxidant, against sepsis-induced liver injury in female Wistar rats. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Menthol (100 mg/kg) was given intragastric 2 h after CLP. Blood samples and liver tissues were collected 24 h after surgery. Menthol significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the sepsis-induced elevation in serum liver enzymes and improved the hepatic histopathological changes. Menthol treatment significantly (p < 0.05) decreased hepatic levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, malondialdehyde, total nitrite, and cleaved caspase-3. It restored the hepatic levels of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione. Additionally, menthol significantly (p < 0.05) increased hepatic levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2); an anti-apoptotic factor, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a biomarker of regeneration and survival. Our results showed the therapeutic potential of menthol against liver injury induced by sepsis.
Computational literacy in science education–A systematic review

Computational literacy is one of the 21st century skills–students must therefore acquire the appropriate competencies in computer science to meet the demands of 21st century society. To achieve this, teachers must be adequately trained. Furthermore, this also means that introductory computer science education concepts must also be integrated into the training of (pre-service) science teachers and anchored in the curriculum. This is particularly important because many scientific professions or research can no longer be done without basic computer knowledge and computational literacy. The central approach to educating future teachers is the university course of study. This paper aims to systematically provide an insight into which scientifically relevant publications address this issue. The essential criterion in this review is the restriction on science education or more general science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education in schools or universities. Equally important is the specification that computational literacy (informatics competencies, information literacy, computer literacy, or computational thinking) are purposefully taught or trained. Only publications in the Web of Science database were included for quality assurance. This paper investigates to what extent scientifically valid research or knowledge is available at this junction, i.e., computational literacy in science education. Thereby, we distinguish between different approaches, such as effect studies on individual aspects, isolated practical contributions with a pronounced trial-and-error character, or systematic or model-based considerations in quantitative and qualitative studies. The results show common aspects, prominent trends, and promising approaches. However, possibly existing (subject-) didactic concerns should be considered in more detail and the dual perspective role of the students as future teachers. In addition to learning basic computer skills, the ability to teach them is also essential so that the scientific education of the students can benefit from them to the required extent.
Anti-Osteoclast Effect of Exportin-1 Inhibitor Eltanexor on Osteoporosis Depends on Nuclear Accumulation of IκBα–NF-κB p65 Complex

Osteoporosis affects around 200 million people globally, with menopausal women accounting for the bulk of cases. In the occurrence and development of osteoporosis, a key role is played by osteoclasts. Excessive osteoclast-mediated bone resorption activity reduces bone mass and increases bone fragility, resulting in osteoporosis. Thus, considerable demand exists for designing effective osteoporosis treatments based on targeting osteoclasts. Eltanexor (Elt; KPT-8602) is a selective nuclear-export inhibitor that covalently binds to and blocks the function of the nuclear-export protein exportin-1 (XPO1), which controls the nucleus-to-cytoplasm transfer of certain critical proteins related to growth regulation and tumor suppression, such as p53, IκBα [nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor α] and FOXO1; among these proteins, IκBα, a critical component of the NF-κB signaling pathway that primarily governs NF-κB activation and transcription. How Elt treatment affects osteoclasts remains poorly elucidated. Elt inhibited the growth and activity of RANKL-induced osteoclasts in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, and Elt exerted no cell-killing effect within the effective inhibitory concentration. Mechanistically, Elt was found to trap IκBα in the nucleus and thus protect IκBα from proteasome degradation, which resulted in the blocking of the translocation of IκBα and NF-κB p65 and the consequent inhibition of NF-κB activity. The suppression of NF-κB activity, in turn, inhibited the activity of two transcription factors (NFATc1 and c-Fos) essential for osteoclast formation and led to the downregulation of genes and proteins related to bone resorption. Our study thus provides a newly identified mechanism for targeting in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Some Harmonic analysis on the Klein bottle in R n

The aim of this paper we discuss explicit series constructions for the fundamental solution of the Helmholtz operator on some important examples non-orientable conformally ﬂat manifolds. In the context of this paper we focus on higher dimensional generalizations of the Klein bottle which in turn generalize higher dimensional M¨obius strips that we discussed in preceding works. We discuss some basic properties of pinor valued solutions to the Helmholtz equation on these manifolds.
SUBJECTED TO TRAFFIC LOAD

: A method for predicting the traffic-load-induced settlement of road is presented in the paper. The behaviour of pavement-geosynthetic-subgrade systems is analysed from the viewpoint of subgrade compaction under cyclic loading. Analyses are performed for typical flexible pavements and plain strain conditions are assumed. Cohesionless ground is used as pavement subgrade. Traffic load is simulated by applying a pair of concentrated forces. The maximum values of strains in subgrade due to the first cycle of traffic load application are calculated by using a numerical method (based on the Finite Element Method). Then the selected model for compaction of soil is used to prediction of subgrade settlements under increasing load cycles. The model was formulated in terms of the cyclic stress and strain amplitudes. It is based on two constitutive equations. The first of them, formulated in a differential form, describes the compaction due to cyclic loading. The second equation describes the correlation between the cyclic shear stress and strain amplitudes. A study is conducted to determine the effect of reinforcement on the traffic-load-induced permanent deformation of road structures. It is assumed that a single geosynthetic layer is installed between subgrade and pavement. Unreinforced and reinforced road settlements are compared. Analysis results of the cases with variable parameters (subgrade properties, reinforcement stiffness, magnitude of loading) are presented.
Corporate Governance and Executive Compensation for Corporate Social Responsibility how this access benefits you. Your story matters

We link the corporate governance literature in financial economics to the agency cost perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to derive theoretical predictions about the relationship between corporate governance and the existence of executive compensation incentives for CSR. We test our predictions using novel executive compensation contract data, and find that firms with more shareholder-friendly corporate governance are more likely to provide compensation to executives linked to firm social performance outcomes. Also, providing executives with direct incentives for CSR is an effective tool to increase firm social performance. The findings provide evidence identifying corporate governance as a determinant of managerial incentives for social performance, and suggest that CSR activities are more likely to be beneficial to shareholders, as opposed to an agency cost.
on Flagellin Primary Human Macrophages Is Dependent Cutting Edge: Inflammasome Activation in

Murine NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory protein (Naip)1, Naip2, and Naip5/6 are host sensors that detect the cytosolic presence of needle and rod proteins from bacterial type III secretion systems and ﬂagellin, respectively. Previous studies using human-derived macrophage-like cell lines indicate that human macrophages sense the cytosolic needle protein, but not bacterial ﬂagellin. In this study, we show that primary human macrophages readily sense cytosolic ﬂagellin. Infection of primary human macrophages with Salmonella elicits robust cell death and IL-1 b secretion that is dependent on ﬂagellin. We show that ﬂagellin detection requires a full-length isoform of human Naip. This full-length Naip isoform is robustly expressed in primary macrophages from healthy human donors, but it is drastically reduced in monocytic tumor cells, THP-1, and U937, rendering them insensitive to cytosolic ﬂagellin. How-ever, ectopic expression of full-length Naip rescues the ability of U937 cells to sense ﬂagellin. In conclusion, human Naip functions to activate the inﬂammasome in response to ﬂagellin, similar to murine Naip5/6. full-length We demonstrate that the have a 30-fold reduction in levels of this full-length Naip transcript compared with primary macrophages. These results reveal that the differential response to cytosolic ﬂagellin between U937 cells can be explained by the
Strategies of Neuroprotection after Successful Resuscitation Strategies of Neuroprotection after Successful Resuscitation

Post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) incorporates post-cardiac arrest brain injury, post- cardiac arrest myocardial dysfunction, systemic ischemia/reperfusion syndrome and the precipitating pathology. Brain injury remains the leading cause of death in the post- cardiac arrest period. One of our main goals during post-resuscitation care is to guide a proper neuroprotective strategy. We are going to summarize the tools of neuroprotec- tion in post-cardiac arrest therapy. The role of normoxia/normocapnia, normoglycemia, seizure control, sedation and pharmacologic strategies will be discussed in brief. The handling of temperature management and the management of hemodynamic variables to secure satisfactory cerebral perfusion will be worked out in details. Targeted tempera- ture management is the main tool of neuroprotection in post-cardiac arrest therapy. We are going to conclude the principles of temperature control after successful resuscita- tion pointing out its beneficial effects. This method has also several complications that are going to be discussed highlighting its hemodynamic impacts. There is no evidence about target hemodynamic parameters during post-cardiac arrest syndrome to maintain cerebral perfusion neither about the most effective hemodynamic monitoring system. We are presenting preliminary data of our study where we investigate the effect of PiCCO™ (Pulse index Continous Cardiac Output) monitoring on the outcome in this patient group.
Biochemical and Genetic Analysis of the Mitochondrial Response of Yeast to BAX and BCL-X L

The BCL-2 family includes both proapoptotic (e.g., BAX and BAK) and antiapoptotic (e.g., BCL-2 and BCL-X L ) molecules. The cell death-regulating activity of BCL-2 members appears to depend on their ability to modulate mitochondrial function, which may include regulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP). We examined the function of BAX and BCL-X L using genetic and biochemical approaches in budding yeast because studies with yeast suggest that BCL-2 family members act upon highly conserved mitochondrial components. In this study we found that in wild-type yeast, BAX induced hyperpolarization of mitochondria, production of reactive oxygen species, growth arrest, and cell death; however, cytochrome c was not released detectably despite the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction. Coexpression of BCL-X L prevented all BAX-mediated responses. We also assessed the function of BCL-X L and BAX in the same strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with deletions of selected mitochondrial proteins that have been implicated in the function of BCL-2 family members. BAX-induced growth arrest was independent of the tested mitochondrial components, including voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), the catalytic b subunit or the d subunit of the F 0 F 1 -ATP synthase,
Transformation of Regular Non-Dominated Coteries

A coterie is a family of subsets such that every pair of subsets has at least one element in common but neither is a subset of the other. A coterie $C$ is said to be non-dominated (ND) if there is no other coterie $D$ such that, for $\forall Q \in C$, there exists $Q'' \in D$ satisfying $Q'' \subseteq Q$. We introduce an operator $\sigma$, which transforms a ND coterie to another ND coterie. A regular coterie is a natural generalization of a ``vote-assignable" coterie, which is used in some practical applications. We show that any ``regular" ND coterie $C$ can be transformed to any other regular ND coterie $D$ by judiciously applying $\sigma$ operations to $C$ at most $|C|+|D|-2$ times. As another application of the $\sigma$ operation, we present an incrementally-polynomial-time algorithm for generating all regular ND coteries. We then introduce the concept of ``g-regular" function, as a generalization of availability. We show how to construct an optimum coterie $C$ with respect to a g-regular function in $O(n^3|C|)$ time. We also discuss the structures of optimum coteries with respect to a g-regular function.
The Social Influence Enhanced by the Mass Media Broadcasting in Innovation Diffusion

: Based on the Bass model and the micro-model of mass media network, we propose an agent-based threshold approach including the mutual interaction between social relationship network and mass media network. Taking the heterogeneity of individuals into account, it is found that the direct advertisement from mass media broadcasting will attract the potential adopters greatly at the beginning of innovation diffusion. In the middle of diffusion process, the previous adopters formalize a positive feedback to the potential adopters via mass media broadcasting. The social collective effect can be strongly enhanced if the potential adopter prefer to mass media broadcasting. Furthermore, it is found that the complexity of the social relationship network may postpone the social collective effect.
Green Tea Extract Suppresses NF k B Activation and Inﬂammatory Responses in Diet-Induced Obese Rats with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis 1–3

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by oxidative stress and inﬂammatory responses that exacerbate liver injury. The objective of this study was to determine whether the antioxidant and antiinﬂammatory activities of green tea extract (GTE) would protect against NASH in a model of diet-induced obesity. Adult Wistar rats were fed a low-fat (LF) diet or high-fat (HF) diet containing no GTE or GTE at 1% or 2% (HF+2GTE) for 8 wk. The HF group had greater ( P # 0.05) serum alanine (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferases and hepatic lipids than the LF group. Both GTE groups had lower ALT and hepatic lipid than the HF group. In liver and epididymal adipose, the HF group had lower glutathione as well as greater mRNA and protein expression of TNF a and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and NF k B binding activity than the LF group. Compared to the HF group, the HF+2GTE group had greater glutathione and lower protein and mRNA levels of inﬂammatory cytokines in both tissues. NF k B binding activities at liver and adipose were also lower, likely by inhibiting the phosphorylation of inhibitor of NF k B. NF k B binding activities in liver and adipose ( P # 0.05; r = 0.62 and 0.46, respectively) were correlated with ALT, and hepatic NF k B binding activity was inversely related to liver glutathione ( r = 2 0.35). These results suggest that GTE-mediated improvements in glutathione status are associated with the inhibition of hepatic and adipose inﬂammatory responses mediated by NF k B, thereby protecting against NASH. J. Nutr. 142: 57–63, 2012.
Cytotoxic Effect of Alkaloid Fractions from Ethanolic Extract of Ficus septica Burm. f. Leaves on T47D Cell Lines and Their Alkaloids Profile

Cancer is a disease associated with uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells (American Cancer Society, 2014). The abnormal cells are characterized with an alteration in cell differentiation and cell communication with its extracellular environment (Pusztai et al., 1995). With its characteristics, cancer has become one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. According to a World Health Organization (WHO) global report, number of new cancer cases reached 14.1 million, and 8.2 million for cancer-related deaths in 2012 (Ferlay et al., 2013). Therefore, looking at this high numbers, numerous attempts have been done in order to discover new treatment for cancer. The attempts include studies on chemotherapy agents from medicinal plants. Previous study reported that alkaloid compounds in Awar-awar (Ficus septica) are potential as a cytotoxic agent (Wu et al., 2002; Lansky et al., 2008). Ethanolic extract of Ficus septica Burm. f. leaves exhibited a cytotoxic effect on human T47D breast cancer cell line with IC50 value of 13.0 μg/mL (Pratama, 2010). The
Defining relations of certain infinite-dimensional groups

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Cognitive Restructuring and Problem-Solving Therapies on Psychological WellBeing of In-School Adolescents from Father-Absent Families in Ekiti State

Psychological well-being is vital to in-school adolescents to function well academically and in the society. This study, therefore, was designed to determine the effects of cognitive restructuring (CR) and problem-solving (PS) therapies on psychological well-being (PW) of in-school adolescents from father-absent families in Ekiti State, Nigeria. A pre-test, post-test, control group, experimental design was adopted. Three secondary schools were randomly selected from three local government areas in each senatorial district which constitute Ekiti State. A total of 166 participants were distributed into two experimental groups and a control group using a simple random sampling technique. Participants in the experimental groups 1 and 2 were exposed to ten (10) weeks training on Cognitive Restructuring (CR) and Problem Solving (PS) therapies respectively while the control group was exposed to a talk on communication skill. Instrument used was Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-Being (α = 0.84). One hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data were subjected to simple percentages and Scheffe Post hoc. There was a significant main effect of treatment on psychological well-being (F [2;140] =7.60; partial, η 2 =0.20) of in-school adolescents from father-absent families. Psychological well-being of participants exposed to CR increased more ( =164.46) significantly than those exposed to PST ( =145.39) and control ( =102.72) groups. Based on the findings it was recommended that, school counselling and developmental psychologists should utilise these strategies to improve the psychological well-being of in-school adolescents.
Directed-Job Match with Heterogeneity∗

Matching process involves three stages of selection: application, candidates selection and job acceptance. In traditional matching models all three stages are assumed random, while in the directed-search literature only the first stage is generally assumed ‘directed’. This paper develops a job-matching model where all three selection stages are directed, by introducing heterogeneous preferences of firms and workers. Both firm-level and aggregate matching functions are derived, which in a comparison with random-matching models reveals that the coordination failure problem is worse under heterogeneous directed-match when the number of vacancies is small, but is better when it is large. Furthermore directed-search limits friction when the market consists of fewer but larger firms. JEL Classification: J41, J64