Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Diet in Acne Vulgaris and Its Complications: Clinical Study in Sulaimani Teaching Center of Dermatology

Background : Acne Vulgaris is chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous units characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, cysts, abscesses, and later on sometimes as widespread scarring. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary variables and acne vulgaris in addition to describe acne complications. Method: A cross sectional study carried out in Al-Sulimanya teaching center of dermatology for period from 1st of February to end of June, 2014 on sample of 110 acne vulgaris patients t The researcher reviewed one week recall nutritional history of each patient and asking about the effect of some dietary items on acne. The effect was defined as increased the acne nodules and/or severity. Results : Mean age of acne patients was 19±5 years and age group 15-19 years was the predominant (47.3%). Females were more than males with predominance of housewives and urban residents. Two thirds of studied patients had moderate acne and more than half of them had acne duration ? 2 years. Lipid and menstrual cycle (among females) were perceived by the patients as effective on acne vulgaris. There was significant association of effective lipid and milk with severe acne vulgaris (p<0.001). Patients with severe acne were significantly complicated than other types of acne (p=0.001). Consumption lipids, red meat and white meat by acne patients was associated significantly with complicated acne vulgaris (p<0.05). Conclusions : Lipids as perceived by acne patients may have a significant aggravating effect on severity and complications of acne. Diet had an effect on acne complications. Behavioral modification of adolescents especially regarding dietary habits and enforcement on fiber-rich diet omega3 fatty acids should be encouraged.
Do Standard-Essential Patent Owners Behave Opportunistically? Evidence from U.S. District Court Dockets

Do owners of standard-essential patents (SEPs) "holdup" companies that produce standard-compliant products? To explore this question, we use detailed information from the dockets of all U.S. patent cases filed 2010-2019 that assert or challenge SEPs to construct measures of opportunistic conduct by SEP licensors, including actions that took place before the lawsuit was filed. We find evidence of opportunistic behavior by the SEP enforcer in at least 75% of SEP assertions in court, and we analyze various factors that determine which opportunistic behaviors SEP enforcers rely on. We also show that opportunistic behavior can affect case outcomes, although the effect on settlement is ambiguous. Some behaviors increase the likelihood of a settlement, while others decrease it.
Stress Patterning and Politicking: A Study of Campaign Speeches of Selected Ibibio/English-Bilingual Politicians

: The work investigated the use of word stress and accentuation by the Ibibio/English-bilingual politicians in politics and implication of the use of the prosodic feature in the Ibibio socio-politico-cultural environment. The data for the study, recorded campaign speeches, were gathered between January and April, 2015. Word stress was analyzed based on Metrical Phonology framework propounded by Liberman & Prince (1977), and accentuation was studied with the help of a computer digitalized system –PRAAT (version 5.1.25) developed by Boersma and Weenink. The analysis showed that subjects accented both grammatical and content words in their utterances and there was a proliferation of accented syllables in the speeches –a characteristic of the native Ibibio language of the subjects. Thus the tempo of the speeches was dragged and the rhythm was mostly syllable-timed. While the conclusion therefore was that the subject do not use stress and accentuation the way native speakers do, the implication for the subjects’ performance was that subjects in some cases wanted to be down to earth with the electorates and did not want to alienate themselves even if they had the ability to be sophisticated in the language. The study recommended that researchers should no more over dwell in finding out whether the Ibibio and Nigerian speakers of English speak the language with native-like intuition or not, but in extracting the peculiar characteristics of the Nigerian English that make the language Nigerian and adoptable for both political and academic purposes.
Structure and dynamics of thin colloidal films

This thesis begins by studying the thickness of evaporative spin coated colloidal crystals and demonstrates the variation of the thickness as a function of suspension concentration and spin rate. Particularly, the films are thicker with higher suspension concentration and lower spin rate. This study also provides evidence for the reproducibility of spin coating in terms of the thickness of the resulting colloidal films. These colloidal films, as well as the ones obtained from various other methods such as convective assembly and dip coating, usually possess a crystalline structure. Due to the lack of a comprehensive method for characterization of order in colloidal structures, a procedure is developed for such a characterization in terms of local and longer range translational and orientational order. Translational measures turn out to be adequate for characterizing small deviations from perfect order, while orientational measures are more informative for polycrystalline and highly disordered crystals. Finally, to obtain an understanding of the relationship between dynamics and structure, the dynamics of colloids in a quasi-2D suspension as a function of packing fraction is studied. The tools that are used are mean square displacement (MSD) and the self part of the van Hove function. The slow down of dynamics is observed as the packing fraction increases, accompanied with the emergence of 6-fold symmetry within the system. The dynamics turns out to be non-Gaussian at early times and Gaussian at later times for packing fractions below 0.6. Above this packing fraction, the dynamics is non-Gaussian at all times. Also the diffusion coefficient is calculated from MSD and the van Hove function. It goes down as the packing fraction is increased.
The Use of Hybrid Modelling for the Optimization of the Penicillin Fermentation Process

In industry, improvement of existing production processes is a key activity. For complex biological processes, such as large-scale fermentations, this is not an easy task. Because of its complexity, process optimization is often accomplished by means of trial and error. The scientific way of using process models is less commono The main reason is limited knowledge about the process under consideration. Moreover, many processes suffer fromacomplex nonlinear dynamics, which cannot easily be translated into mathematical equations without undesirable model simplifications. Model-based optimization is attracti ve since itcan significantly reduce the number of experiments necessary to obtain process improvements as compared to the experimental trial-and-error approach. Process models can be improved by incorporating more relevant knowledge about the process. Hybrid modelling is a relatively new approach to quickly implement all available knowledge into a well-performing software [1]. Hybrid models combine mathematical models, rule-based knowledge as well as information hidden in process data via artificial neural networks (ANNs). After learning from process data, ANNs are particularly powerful in describing the nonlinear relationships between process parameters. Thus, ANNs are taken as a key component in hybrid models in order to describe parts of the process which are difficult to account for by mathematical models. Also, they can be used to compensate for the errors in the mathematical model. In this study, we discuss the application of hybrid modelling to improve the penicillin fermentation process.
Comparative analysis of the codon usage patterns in two closely related Marsupenaeus species based on comparative transcriptomics

Background: Marsupenaeus japonicus, a major commercial shrimp species in the world, has two cryptic or sibling species, Marsupenaeus japonicus and Marsupenaeus pulchricaudatus. Due to the lack of genomic information, little is known about the correlations among codon usage bias, gene expression, and evolutionary trends in Marsupenaeus orthologs.Results: Using the CodonW 1.4. 2 software, we performed the codon bias analysis of two Marsupenaeus species transcriptomes. The average contents of GC and ENc were 51.61% and 52.1 for VI (M. japonicus), 51.54% and 52.22 for VII (M. pulchricaudatus), respectively. Parity Rule 2 (PR2) plot analysis showed that purines (A and G) were used more frequently than pyrimidines (C and T) in two Marsupenaeus species. The average ENc value was 52.1 and 52.22 for M. japonicus and M. pulchricaudatus, respectively. Overall, orthologous genes that underwent positive selection (ω > 1) had a higher correlation coefficient than that experienced purifying selection (ω < 1). In M. japonicus, the relationships were highly significant positive about Axis 1 and A3, T3 and ENc (p < 0.01). However, all relationships in M. pulchricaudatus were the opposite. We determined 12 and 14 optimal codons for M. japonicus and M. pulchricaudatus, respectively. Two Marsupenaeus species had 31 different codon pairs. The results of multi-species clustering based on codon preference were consistent with traditional classification. Conclusions: We characterized the codon usage patterns of the two Marsupenaeus species and the evolutionary trends in Marsupenaeus orthologs, which provides new insights into the genetic divergence and the phylogenetic relationships of two Marsupenaeus species.
Estimating risk factors for three negative outcomes in pregnant women admitted to the Centre de Références et Urgences Obstétricales (CRUO) and their neonates in Port-au-Prince, Haiti between January 2013 and June 2018

Background The prevalence of (pre-)eclampsia in pregnant women in Haiti is high and access to maternal health services is scarce. Limited evidence exists around negative maternal and neonatal outcomes in Haitian women and their offspring. We describe the patient profile of women admitted to an obstetric emergency hospital in Port-au-Prince between January 2013 and June 2018 and the estimated risk factors for maternal death, stillbirth and low birthweight (LBW). Methods We calculated frequencies of age groups, singleton vs. multiple pregnancies, delivery procedures and antenatal care (ANC) services for all maternal admissions. We estimated the associated risk between these factors and the three negative outcomes by calculating odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. We adjusted for an interaction between delivery procedure and pregnancy category in the regression models for maternal death and stillbirth. Results We included 31,509 women and 24,983 deliveries and documented 204 (0.6%) maternal deaths (648/100,000 women giving birth), 1,962 (7.9%) stillbirths and 11,008 (44.1%) LBW neonates. 34.9% of all admissions (n = 10,991) were women with (pre-)eclampsia. Maternal death was more likely in women with complicated pregnancies and/or deliveries and women with (pre-)eclampsia when undergoing a C-section compared to women with uncomplicated vaginal deliveries (OR 4.8; CI 1.7–13.8 and OR 2.3; CI 1.5–3.6 respectively). Stillbirth was more likely in women ≥ 35 years compared to women 20–34 years in complicated pregnancies and/or deliveries (OR 1.3; CI 1.1–1.6) and (pre-)eclampsia (OR 1.4; CI 1.2–1.7). C-sections in women with a complicated pregnancy and/or delivery and women with (pre-)eclampsia reduced the risk of stillbirth (OR 0.7; CI 0.6–0.9 and OR 0.3; CI 0.2–0.3 respectively). Not attending ANC was associated with a higher risk of stillbirth (OR 4.8; CI 3.6–6.6) and LBW (OR 1.4; CI 1.1–1.9) for women with complicated pregnancies and/or deliveries. Conclusion Maternal mortality in high-risk pregnancies in CRUO is higher than the national estimate of 529 per 100,000 deliveries. Attendance of ANC services is associated with a decrease in adverse neonatal outcomes including LBW and stillbirth. We recommend that access to maternal and neonatal healthcare facilities in Port-au-Prince is improved.
Analysis of Public Service Professionalism at the Department of Population and Civil Registration Ambon City

Public services by local government officials are currently required to be carried out professionally is a tough task to improve the expected quality. In reality, the service quality has not been satisfactory, including at the Ambon City Population and Civil Registry Service (Hereinafter known as DISDUKCAPIL). This research aims to analyze and explain the description of how the quality of public services in this department, and the dimensions of employee service professionalism, are determinants of support and obstacles. The number of informants in this research was 11 people. The research data were collected through interview techniques, observation and documentation, and analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The findings of this research indicate that the level of service quality in the field of population administration at the research location is in quite good condition. This is a contribution from several dimensions of the professionalism of employees' work.
Macroalgae as an Alternative Source of Nutrients and Compounds with Bioactive Potential

The consumption of macroalgae has increased in occidental countries, favored by the excellent nutritional properties of their food products and the bioactive properties attributed to them. The present work aims to analyze the nutritional values, the composition in fatty acids, organic acids and carotenoids of several macroalgae species: Codium tomentosum; Himanthalia elongata; Laminaria ochroleuca. ; Saccharina latissima; Undaria pinnatifida; Porphyra sp. and Palmaria palmata. Furthermore, the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were assessed. Regarding the composition of the macroalgae, the levels of proteins (which ranged between 6 and 30 g/100 g of dry weight (DW)) and the low levels of lipids (below 1 g/100 g DW for all the species) stand out. In the case of carotenoids, lycopene and chlorophyll a were detected in all samples. Regarding antioxidant activity, OxHLIA assay was employed. EC50 values varied between 1.7 and 650 µg/mL for L. ochroleuca and P. palmata. H. elongata presented the greatest antibacterial potential (0.5–2 mg/mL) while L. ochroleuca showed the best antifungal effects (2–4 mg/mL). These species have good nutritional values and present interesting bioactivities. Thus, the incorporation of this macroalgae into the daily diet could provide nutritional and health benefits to the consumers. In addition, they could be used as a source of compounds for the nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
Exploring many body interactions with Raman spectroscopy

Many-body interactions are cornerstones of contemporary solid state physics research. Especially, phonon related interactions such as phonon-phonon coupling, spin-phonon coupling and electron-phonon coupling constantly present new challenges. To study phonon related many-body interactions, temperature dependent Raman spectroscopy is employed. Firstly, a new design and construction of a Raman microscope aimed at high collection eciency, positional and thermal stability is discussed. The application of the home-built Raman microscope is shown in the context of two types of novel materials; Cr2Ge2Te6 (spin-phonon coupling) and Bi2Te3-xSex (phonon-phonon coupling). Cr2Ge2Te6 is one of the rare class of ferromagnetic semiconductors and recent thermal transport studies suggest the spin and lattice are strongly coupled in its cousin compound Cr2Si2Te6. In this work, the spin-phonon coupling in Cr2Ge2Te6 has been revealed in multiple ways: we observed a split of two phonon modes due to the breaking of time reversal symmetry; the anomalous hardening of an additional three modes; and a dramatic enhancement of the phonon lifetimes. It is well-known that the phonon-phonon interaction plays a signicant role in determining the thermal transport properties of thermoelectrics. A comprehensive study of the phonon dynamics of Bi2Te3-xSex has been performed. We found that the unusual temperature dependence of dierent phonon modes originates from both cubic and quartic anharmonicity. These results are consistent with the resonance bonding mechanism, suggesting that the resonance bonding may be a common feature for conventional thermoelectrics. In the Raman spectra of Bi2Te2Se, the origin of the extra Raman feature has been debated for decades. Through a temperature dependent Raman study, we were able to prove the feature is generated by a Te-Se antisite induced local mode. The anomalous linewidth of the local mode as well as the anharmonic behavior were explained through a statistical analysis. Then, a wavelet transform and data clustering based spike-removal algorithm is proposed to resolve the erroneous spikes caused by cosmic rays in Raman spectra. Data sets from real measurements were analyzed to demonstrate the capability of the algorithm. Finally, the results of a minor project are presented. Thin lms of the high dielectric material SrTiO3 grown via a new method on silicon(100) are studied by ellipsometry. The results suggest that two layers of SrTiO3 are formed during the growth.
Role of vitamin d levels in rheumatoid arthritis and its correlation with disease severity

Objective: Deficiency of Vitamin D has been linked in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 1 and multiple sclerosis. Deficiency of vitamin D has been associated with high susceptibility of the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and also with increased disease activity in patients with RA. The objective of this study was to evaluate the status of vitamin D in patients with RA, assess the correlation between serum level of Vitamin D and disease severity.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, comparative study conducted on 100 participants, 50 cases of RA and 50 healthy controls, all in the age group of 18–75 years. Serum Vitamin D levels were measured and compared in cases and controls.Results: Ninety two percent patients belonging to the RA group were Vitamin D deficient, whereas only twenty four percent belonging to the control group had Vitamin D deficiency. There was a significant inverse correlation between serum Vitamin D levels and RA disease severity. The mean serum Vitamin D levels were 34.36ng/ml,32.25±0.395ng/ml, 22.70±4.787ng/ml and 16.41±2.911ng/ml in the remission, low disease activity, moderate disease activity, and high disease activity groups, respectively.Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are more common in patients with RA. In this study Vitamin D deficiency was related to RA patients with older age, RA with female gender and a higher degree of RA activity.
An Empirical Analysis of the Socioeconomic and Demographic characteristics influencing Birth Certification in Nigeria

Background: Promoting birth certification is instrumental to achieving target 16.9 of the Sustainable Development Goals: legal identity for all by 2030. However, limited research has investigated the determinants of birth certification of children in the sub-Saharan African context. This study analyzes the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with the birth certification of children under-five years in Nigeria. Methods: The study employed three rounds of the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey involving 79487 children (0-4 years) in Nigeria. Birth certification was defined as whether a parent/caregiver had a child’s birth certificate at the time of the interview. Ordinary least squares and multilevel logistic regression models established the relationships between the socioeconomic and demographic factors and birth certification. Results: Children under-five years who had a skilled attendant at birth, at least one vaccination, and maternal access to prenatal visits had about 25.6%, 60.5% and 35.0% higher odds of having their births certified. Children born to more educated mothers and fathers had 1.023 and 1.012 times the odds of birth certification. Children from average and rich households also had 13.2% and 34.2% higher odds of birth certification, respectively. Conversely, child age, higher birth order, longer birth intervals, polygyny, having at least two dead siblings, father being employed in a low skilled job, living far from a registration center and in a poor community are risk factors for birth certification. Maternal age at birth and paternal has non-linear, albeit weak effects on birth certification. Being large at birth, bank account ownership were also significant predictors of birth certification. Mixed effects were noted for religion, ethnicity and region. Finally, no significant effects were noted for gender, maternal occupation and rural residence. Conclusions: The findings identify several socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with birth certification suggesting possible risks with improving birth certification in Nigeria. Access to health care and higher socioeconomic backgrounds are significant protectors of and distance to registration centers as obstacles to birth certification for children in Nigeria. Public policy strategies should encourage the use of health care services and also increase the number of registration centers in Nigeria.
Security Design for Private Acquisitions

We consider the security design problem of an acquirer with value-add capacity for a target firm. The target firm has a single owner with private information about the suitability of his firm for the value-add plan. The parties disagree about the magnitude of the acquirer's value-add. The acquirer's offer consists of a mix of cash and securities. Although the acquirer can choose any monotone limited liability security, we show that, under general conditions, the only security she employs is non-recourse debt provided by the seller. The cash-debt mix depends on the degree of both information asymmetry and disagreement.
PENGARUH DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO DAN FIRM SIZE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN RETURN ON EQUITY SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX (JII) PERIODE 2016-2018

The Study investigated the influence of Debt to Equity Ratio and Firm Size on Firm Value with Return On Equity as intervening variables in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) in 2016-2018. This study uses two independent variables that Debt to Equity Ratio and Firm Size. The dependent variables used in this study is the Company Value with indicators of Price to Book Value. While the intervening variable used in this study is Return On Equity. The result showed that there was a positive and significant effect Debt to Equity Ratio on Return On Equity. There was a negative and not significant Firm Size on Return On Equity. Debt to Equity Ratio has no significant effect on Firm Value. Firm Size has no significant effect on Firm Value. There wasa positive and significant effect Return On Equity on Firm Value. Return On Equity is mediating the effect of Debt to Equity Ratio on Firm Value (Partial Mediation). Return On Equity is mediating the effect of Firm Size on Firm Value (Partial Mediation).