Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Pressure Groups and the Moral Intensity on School Administrators’ Unethical Behavior: An Evaluation According to Teachers' Opinions

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of pressure groups and moral intensity on school administrators' unethical behaviors according to teachers' opinions. The study group of the research, which is causal comparative research, consists of 313 teachers. The research data have been collected by adapting the Openness to Violation of Ethical Decision (OVED) scale. In the research, descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA with repeated measures and two-way ANOVA for factorial design have been applied. In the research, it has been found out that the school administrators’ possibility of behaving unethically varies according to the moral intensity and pressure groups. As the moral intensity decreases, it can be stated that the school administrators’ possibility of behaving unethically increases when the demand comes from bureaucratic and political pressure groups. The school administrators’ possibility of performing an unethical act with both low and high moral intensity shows a meaningful difference according to the pressure group and the level of relationship between the teacher and the administrator. School administrators’ possibility of performing an unethical act with high moral intensity shows a meaningful difference according to teacher’s gender. At the end of the study, some suggestions have been made by considering the limitations and results of the research.
Aerodynamic control of bluff body noise

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Biomechanical evaluation of movement in sport and exercise : the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences guidelines

Chapter 1: Introduction R.M. Bartlett Chapter 2: Motion analysis using video C.J. Payton Chapter 3: Motion analysis using on-line systems C.E. Milner Chapter 4: Force and pressure measurement A. Lees & M. Lake Chapter 5: Surface electromyography A. Burden Chapter 6: Isokinetic dynamometry V. Baltzopoulos Chapter 7: Data Processing & Error Estimation J.H. Challis Chapter 8: Research Methods: Sample Size and Variability Effects on Statistical Power D.R. Mullineaux Chapter 9: Computer simulation modelling in sport M.R. Yeadon & M.A. King Appendices
High-Speed Particle Image Velocimetry Measurement of Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) in a Light Duty Engine for Different Injection Strategies

It has been proven that partially premixed combustion (PPC) has the capability of high combustion efficiency with low soot and NOx emissions, which meet the requirements of increasingly restricted emission regulations. In order to obtain more homogenous combustion and longer ignition delay in PPC, different fuel injection strategies were employed which could affect the fuel air mixing and control the combustion. In the present work, a light duty optical diesel engine was used to conduct high speed particle image velocimetry (PIV) for single, double and triple injections with different timings. A quartz piston and a cylinder liner were installed in the Bowditch configuration to enable optical access. The geometry of the quartz piston crown is based on the standard diesel combustion chamber design for this commercial passenger car engine, including a re-entrant bowl shape. The severe image distortions caused by the optical piston shape are minimized through recordings of reference targets and an image dewarping algorithm. To the authors knowledge this is the first time the flow field inside such realistic re-entrant piston bowl has been mapped through high speed PIV. PRF 70 was used as fuel in these measurements. The in-cylinder flow field was evaluated and investigated with high temporal and spatial resolution to provide additional understanding of the fuel air mixing process. Formation of the vortices and turbulence enhance the air fuel interaction. The vector field of 40 consecutive cycles, mean velocity, and turbulence kinetic energy were calculated and evaluated. All the results based on PIV experiment also provide a quantitative dataset being useful for model validation of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of this PPC engine.
Measuring and simulating climatic conditions in the animal occupied zone in a door ventilated room for piglets

Climatic conditions in the animal occupied zone (AOZ) of a pig room are important for animal health, comfort and performance. Both practical measurements and numerical simulations could be used to assess the climatic conditions in the AOZ. The objective was to test the possibilities for using pig location patterns based on the real time monitoring as a thermal boundary condition in a numerical simulation model and to gain insight in the distribution of air velocity, air temperature and CO2 concentration in the AOZ. Measurements were performed in a door ventilated room for weaned piglets. Animal lying locations were recorded. The geometry of the air space including models for the pigs was constructed in AutoCad and imported in the numerical simulation program (Fluent 5). The measurements of three 1-hour periods were considered to be static situations, and are compared with numerical simulations. Measured and simulated airflow direction in the AOZ did correspond, but in air velocity magnitude there were differences. The simulations agree with measurements in a preceding study, that show that the height above the solid floor is of crucial importance for the local air velocity. Both measurements and simulations showed a tendency for decreasing pen temperature when the distance to the door increased, but the measured temperatures were in general higher than the simulated. Adding radiation heat transfer in the simulations might decrease the difference. The differences between measured and simulated CO2 concentration were relatively large, this could be caused by chosen simplifications in the simulations that influence the calculated airflow pattern and CO2 distribution, such as not including the feeders in the model and assuming homogeneous conditions in the air inlet. In the study it is proved to be possible to include boundary conditions obtained from conditions with live pigs, but some adaptations in the presented simulation model are necessary. Regarding the door ventilation system, the study confirmed that the air distribution is inhomogeneous especially at high ventilation rates. The study confirms the expectation that numerical simulation has the potential to become an important tool for designing and improving ventilation systems for livestock rooms.
Relationship satisfaction in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-national examination of situational, dispositional, and relationship factors

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a large impact on various aspects of life, but questions about its effects on close relationships remain largely unanswered. In the present study, we examined perceived changes in relationship satisfaction at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic by using an international sample of 3,243 individuals from 67 different countries, mostly from Italy, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. In April and May 2020, participants responded to an online survey that included questions about relationship satisfaction, their satisfaction before the pandemic, other relationship aspects (e.g., shared time), special circumstances (e.g., mobility restrictions), and enduring dispositions (e.g., insecure attachment). A decline in time shared with one’s partner was most strongly associated with perceived decreases in relationship satisfaction, resulting in a different pattern of findings for cohabiting and non-cohabiting individuals. Among the most influential moderators were anxious and avoidant attachment. The findings offer insights into both aggravating and protecting factors in couples’ responses to pandemic-related stressors.
Predictive value of statistical models

A review is given of different ways of estimating the error rate of a prediction rule based on a statistical model. A distinction is drawn between apparent, optimum and actual error rates. Moreover it is shown how cross-validation can be used to obtain an adjusted predictor with smaller error rate. A detailed discussion is given for ordinary least squares, logistic regression and Cox regression in survival analysis. Finally, the splitsample approach is discussed and demonstrated on two data sets.
Clinical Variants and Evaluation of Clinical Severity of Guillain Barre Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal

Background Guillain Barre Syndrome(GBS) is an acute, frequently severe, and fulminant polyradiculoneuropathy that is autoimmune in nature. Our aim is to evaluate the grading of disability and outcome among different variants of GBS. Methods All consecutive patients recruited prospectively in the study were of age ≥16 years and were being admitted in department of Neurology of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from 2016 March to 2017 February. All demographic, historical and clinical data were collected. Nerve conduction study, cerebrospinal fluid analysis along with clinical features were evaluated to assess the diagnostic certainty of Brighton Criteria. Overall disability sum score (ODSS) and GBS disability score were assessed in all patients. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Boards. Results A total of 46 patients were included: male patients being predominant (70% vs 30%), mean age= 36.5±16.2, range = 16 - 80 years. Thirty-two patients (70%) were an axonal variant, acute motor axonal neuropathy being more common (18 patients), and 14 patients were acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy. Fourteen patients (30%) were demyelinating type, out of which 11 patients had both motor and sensory features, and only 3 patients were pure motor demyelinating type. Axonal variants were found to have higher ODSS during nadir (p=0.024) and discharge(p=0.004), and also higher GBS disability score during nadir (p=0.012) and discharge (p=0.021). Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) had higher GBS disability score than acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) at nadir (p=0.034) and discharge (p=0.039). Conclusions Axonal neuropathy variants are predominant among the Nepalese population and are clinically severe than demyelinating variants. Further, prospective study of longer duration to include larger number of patients will be needed.
TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES: EXPERIENCES, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS

Focusing development around transit facilities has become a significant way to improve accessibility, support community and regional goals of enhancing the quality of life, and support the financial success of transit investment. The experiences of a new generation of transit systems highlight the powerful role that transit investments play in channeling urban development. Benefits attributable to transit-oriented development (TOD) initiatives include improved air quality, preservation of open space, pedestrian-friendly environments, increased ridership and revenue, reduction of urban sprawl, and reorientation of urban development patterns around both rail and bus transit facilities. Today, many transit systems and communities across the country are participating in TOD programs. TOD participants range from small local and intercity bus systems with community-related services to large local and intercity rail systems with numerous projects. Increasingly, transit agencies are looking at programs and analyzing real-estate competitiveness to solicit developer interest. This report defines TOD and joint development and offers insight into the various aspects of implementing TOD, including political and institutional factors; planning and land-use strategies, benefits, and impacts; fiscal considerations and partnerships; and design challenges and considerations. The report focuses on TOD and joint development and practice; the level of collaboration between various partners (e.g., the development community, financial partners, planning and land-use agencies, and government entities); the impacts of TOD and joint development on land values; the potential benefits of TOD; and successful design principles and characteristics. This report will be helpful to transit agencies, the development community, and local decision makers considering TOD.
MASKED GENOTYPE 6 OF BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS IS FOUND IN COLOMBIAN CATTLE

Background Viral diseases such as bovine leukosis are a major cause of health problems associated with economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide. The prevalence of bovine leukosis ranges between 4% and 90%, and this disease is considered endemic. The etiological agent is bovine leukemia virus (BLV). Ten BLV genotypes have been reported based on analysis of complete or partial envelope gene sequences, of which genotype 1 is the most prevalent. However, the genetic variability of BLV variants circulating in Colombia remains unexplored. Therefore, in the present study, we analyzed blood samples collected from 289 cows distributed in 75 farms across the country. PCR amplification of env, gag and tax gene segments was performed. The obtained amplicons were sequenced and then subjected to phylogenetic analyses. Results A total of 62% of the cows present at 92% of the farms were BLV-positive. Genotype 1 was exclusively detected by env and gag gene segments when analyzed using previously reported primers. However, tax gene analysis revealed circulation of genotype 6 variants, which were also detected based on env gene analysis with newly designed primers. These results indicate that current genotyping approaches based on partial env sequencing may bias BLV genetic variability approaches and underestimate the diversity of the detected BLV genotypes. Conclusions This report is the first molecular and epidemiological study of BLV conducted in Colombia and contributes to the global epidemiology of the virus; it also reinforces the great impact of BLV on the country’s livestock and thus is a useful resource for farmers and government entities.
(g−2)e,μ
 in an extended inverse type-III seesaw model

There has been a long-standing discrepancy between the experimental measurements of the electron and muon anomalous magnetic moments and their predicted values in the Standard Model. This is particularly relevant in the case of the muon $g-2$, which has attracted a remarkable interest in the community after the long-awaited announcement of the first results by the Muon $g-2$ collaboration at Fermilab, which confirms a previous measurement by the E821 experiment at Brookhaven and enlarges the statistical significance of the discrepancy, now at $4.2 \sigma$. In this paper we consider an extension of the inverse type-III seesaw with a pair of vector-like leptons that induces masses for neutrinos at the electroweak scale and show that one can accommodate the electron and muon anomalous magnetic moments, while being compatible with all relevant experimental constraints.
Theory of Mind: Autism and Typical Developmental

The ability to mentalize that is to understand and manipulate other people’s behavior in terms of their mental states, is a major factor in successful social interactions. Specific impairments of mentalizing in both developmental and acquired disorders suggest that this ability depends on a dedicated and circumscribed brain system. Functional imaging studies implicate medial prefrontal cortex and posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS) as components of this system. Mentalizing capacities are acquired in first attachment relationships, they are the basis of empathy (i.e the consciousness and sharing of other’s mental states). The lack of mentalization is the consequence of the failure of parental reflective capacities and of dysfunctions of attachment and family relationships. Research evidenced that these conditions are correlated with the development of insecure attachment, psychiatric
The endangered Himalayan Red Panda: first photographic evidence from its westernmost distribution range

An endangered species, the Himalayan Red Panda Ailurus fulgens is one of the most iconic and sought-after species in the world. Although a symbolic species of the Himalayas, it is threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and poaching. The data collection was carried out in accordance with the Red Panda community-based monitoring protocol. Threats to the Himalayan Red Panda within the study area are reported based on key informant interviews and direct field observation. This paper provides new evidence for the presence of Himalayan Red Pandas beyond their previously-known westernmost limit (81.687778°E) across its distribution range. An average encounter rate of 0.92 signs/km was recorded from the surveyed community forests. Trees were the most preferred substrates used for defecation. Extensive resource collection, poaching, overgrazing and forest fires are identified as some of the most significant threats. In general, the study contributes to the conservation of the Himalayan Red Panda in western distribution ranges.
Adsorption Characteristics of Crystal Violet Dye by Different Types of Hydrogels

The four types of hydrogels using acrylamide(AM) and isopropylacrylamide(NIPAM) as monomer,methylene-bis-acrylamide(MBA) and inorganic nanoclay lithium magnesium silicate hydrate(LMSH) as chemical and physical cross-linker,respectively,were prepared by free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution.The results show that,comparing with hydrogels cross-linked by MBA,the polyAM and polyNIPAM hydrogels using LMSH as physical cross-linking agent presents higher swelling ratios and lots of pore.The adsorption amount of crystal violet(CV) on polyAM and polyNIPAM hydrogels increases 5-8 times.In terms of adsorption and using effect,polyNIPAM hydrogel cross-linked by LMSH is the best choice for removing CV dye.
Tax Compliance and Digitalization of Nigerian Economy: The Empirical Review

The paper examined the effect of digitalization of economy on tax compliance in Nigeria. The researcher adopted the survey strategy and use structured questionnaire to collect data. The data was sourced from the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS)in AkwaIbom State. The data was collected from the entire population of the staff at the FIRS, which was forty (40). The simple percentage, descriptive statistics, and linear regression techniques were used to analyze the data. The results suggest that tax compliance is negatively influenced when economy is digitalised. It is therefore recommended that the government of Nigeria should consider developing tax policy that would aid taxing e-transactions, tax education and including taxation of e-transactions in the tax laws. Doing so would likely improve tax compliance and thus boost digital transactions contribution to government revenue. models. Multi-sided platforms, as exacerbating challenges
Experimental research on truck driver's safety in frontal collision

The Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association Inc. (JAMA) has been working to promote crash safety measures and to evaluate the crash safety performance of heavy-duty trucks. The Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI) has been studying these issues at the request of JAMA. The "Guidelines for Frontal Crash Test of Heavy-duty Trucks" were formulated as a first step. Furthermore, crash tests of the latest heavy-duty trucks based on the guidelines were conducted. Equipped with the latest safety systems, each truck met all the judgements of the guidelines. For further improvement of safety performance, it is necessary to study the specific causes of truck occupant injuries. Numerous truck driver fatalities have been caused in Japan by frontal collisions, in which the truck driver is often injured in the chest and the abdomen by the steering wheel. However, no evaluation techniques for such chest and abdominal injuries have yet been established. Moreover, truck drivers are often trapped in the truck cab in collisions. Therefore, JARI has started evaluation of chest and abdominal injuries. Improvements in rescue performance were also studied beginning in 1999. Attempts were made in such injuries to measure the deflection of the sternum in more detail. Better rescue performance was examined by interviews with rescue teams. For the covering abstract see ITRD E111577.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION GYPSUM

As a result of sulfur oxides (SOx) emissions control for power plants burning lignite or sulfur coals, 18,000,000 Mg (20 million tons) of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum are generated annually in the United States. One application under which the material is being considered for use is in road base-subbase construction. Presented in this paper is a summary of the physical and chemical characterization, the radiological and leachate analysis, and the mechanical properties of FGD gypsum. Preliminary laboratory data indicate that cement stabilized FGD gypsum mixtures should perform satisfactorily in road base-subbase construction. However, further laboratory and field data are needed to fully understand and evaluate the properties of these materials.
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF INVERTED ANGLE AND T-TYPE SIDE LONGITUDINALS IN TANKERS

This paper presents the results of a comparative experimental study on the fatigue performance of two types of side longitudinal stiffeners in tankers. One is an inverted angle stiffener supported by a soft-toed web stiffener with a soft-toed backing bracket. The other is a T-type stiffener supported by a flat bar web stiffener without a backing bracket, as an alternative to the angle type stiffener. Six full-scale structural models (three for each type) were tested under fully-reversed constant amplitude cyclic loading, resulting in fatigue lives ranging between about 5x10(4) and 2x10(6) cycles. Crack growth data as observed on the surface are presented and discussed. Finite element analyses were also conducted to evaluate the two types of longitudinals based on calculated hot spot stress. Overall, the T-type longitudinal stiffener showed superior fatigue performance.
The determinants of career decisions of Air Force pilots

Abstract : The present study analyses the individual career decisions of Air Force pilots. The inability of the Air Force to retain adequate numbers of qualified pilots in recent years motivated this study. This thesis presents a model of career choice based upon individual utility maximization. The individual is assumed to maximize his utility between continuing as an Air Force pilot and moving to the private sector. Private sector employment may be in either the airline industry or some other segment of the economy. A utility-maximizing choice is made in each discrete time period. The data used in the estimation of this model comes from officer personnel records for pilots who began service between 1968 and 1972. Their individual characteristics were combined with the appropriate economic factors in each year to model their choices. An error components specification with an equicorrelated correlation matrix was used to estimate a multivariate probit model. Likelihood ratio tests with an independent multivariate probit model conclusively rejected the independent probit model. The results of the estimations are consistent with the theoretical model presented. The rate of airline hires has a negative effect on retention. The real wage level of Air Force pilots and their pay in relation to civilian pilots has a positive effect on the rate of retention and the individual probability of remaining in the Air Force. The rate of unemployment also has a positive effect on the probability of remaining in the Air Force. (Author)