Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Borel Complexity of Isomorphism for Some First Order Theories

Title of dissertation: THE BOREL COMPLEXITY OF ISOMORPHISM FOR SOME FIRST-ORDER THEORIES Richard Rast, Doctor of Philosophy, 2016 Dissertation directed by: Professor Michael C. Laskowski Department of Mathematics In this work we consider several instances of the following problem: “how complicated can the isomorphism relation for countable models be? ” Using the Borel reducibility framework from [4], we investigate this question with regard to the space of countable models of particular complete first-order theories. We also investigate to what extent this complexity is mirrored in the number of back-andforth inequivalent models of the theory, denoted I∞ω(T ). We consider this question for two large and related classes of theories. First, we consider o-minimal theories, showing that if T is o-minimal, then ∼=T is either Borel complete or Borel. Further, if it is Borel, then it is exactly equivalent to one of the following: ∼=1, ∼=2, or (36,=), with a, b ∈ ω. All values are possible, and we characterize exactly when each possibility occurs. Further, in all cases Borel completeness implies λ-Borel completeness for all λ. Much of this portion appeared in [21] and extends work from [25], which itself builds upon [15]. Second, we consider colored linear orders, which are (complete theories of) a linear order expanded by countably many unary predicates. We discover the same characterization as with o-minimal theories, taking the same values, with the exception that all finite values are possible except two. We characterize exactly when each possibility occurs, which is similar to the o-minimal case. Additionally, we extend Schirrman’s theorem from [26], showing that if the language is finite, then T is א0-categorical or Borel complete. As before, in all cases Borel completeness implies λ-Borel completeness for all λ. This work appeared in [20] and builds heavily on [24]. The Borel Complexity of Isomorphism for Some First-Order Theories
Further decay results on the system of NLS equations in lower order Sobolev spaces

The initial value problem of a system of nonlinear Schrodinger equations with quadratic nonlinearities in two space dimensions is studied. We show there exists a unique global solution for this initial value problem which decays like $t^{-1}$ as $t\to +\infty$ in $\mathbf{L}^\infty (\mathbb{R}^2)$ for small initial data in lower order Sobolev spaces.
Tri Dasa Mega

Indonesia possesses numerous potential sites for nuclear power plant development. A fast and comprehensive radiological consequences analysis is required to conduct a preliminary analysis of radionuclide release into the atmosphere, including source terms estimation. One simplified method for such estimation is the use of the Relative Volatility approach by Kess and Booth, published in IAEA TECDOC 1127. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a simple and comprehensive tool for estimating the source terms of planned nuclear power plants to facilitate the analysis of radiological consequences during site evaluation. Input parameters for the estimation include fuel burn-up, blow-down time, specific heat transfer of fuel to cladding, and coolant debit, using 100 MWe PWR as a case study. The results indicate a slight difference in the calculated release fraction compared to previous calculations, indicating a need to modify the Relative Volatility method for high-fuel burn-up implementation.
Modification of Drag-reduced Flow by dosing water from the wall - Investigation of Turbulent Structure by PIV-

Experimental investigation of modified drag-reduced channel flow by covering the near-wall region with pure water was carried out. To modify the near-wall turbulent structure of drag-reduced channel flow of surfactant solution, the wall-dosing apparatus, in which pure water is supplied from the porous surface of the channel wall into the viscoelastic bulk flow, was used. By covering the near-wall region with water, drag reduction rate is slightly enhanced, compared with the viscoelastic channel flow without water dosing. We examined the mechanism of this enhancement of drag reduction and the change of the turbulent structure by water dosing from instantaneous velocity fields captured by PIV. The decomposition of Cf shows that viscoelastic stress decreases largely while Reynolds shear stress increases, which causes drag reduction to be enhanced. Moreover, characteristic turbulent structures were observed in the instantaneous velocity fields. In the near-wall region of this flow, the feature as usually reported in Newtonian fluid wall turbulence was observed and dosed water acts as a promoter of turbulence, which destabilize the flow of the viscoelastic fluid. On the other hand, away from the wall the feature is the one usually observed in drag-reduced flow and dosed water acts as a passive scalar because the mean concentration of dosed water is too small to destabilize the viscoelastic flow.
Clomipramine: An Antiobsessive Drug

In the past decade, various investigators have attempted to find new pharmacological agents for the treatment of obsessive disorders. Of these, the drug which has attracted attention and has been most promising is clomipramine. This paper attempts to review the usefulness of clomipramine in the treatment of obsessive disorder. Accidentally, it was discovered that clomipramine was effective in alleviating obsessive symptoms in depressed patients by a Spanish psychiatrist, Lopez-Ibor. Initial studies carried out mainly on patients with major depression reported that obsessive symptomatology benefited with clomipramine therapy. A number of uncontrolled and controlled studies confirmed the efficacy of this drug in obsessive neurosis. The drug improves the obsessive symptoms. Discontinuation of the drug is followed by a relapse. The efficacy, dosage, duration and side effects of treatment with clomipramine are discussed in this paper.
Literature Study: Analysis of the Relationship Between Age and the Incidence of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Maternity Mothers

Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide with an incidence of 5 – 10 percent of all deliveries. Data shows a downward trend in maternal mortality in Indonesia in 1991 from 390 to 230 in 2020 per 100,000 live births. Maternal mortality is an important concern because being one of the indicators of health status and the success of health development, the reduction in maternal mortality rate is also a target in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the SDGs, the target of reducing the maternal mortality rate is 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. The preliminary study found cases of postpartum hemorrhage with risk age less than 20 years as many as 90 people (6.2 percent), bleeding with age more than 35 years as many as 40 people (2.7 percent). The purpose of this study was to conduct a literature study on the relationship between maternal age and postpartum hemorrhage. This study used 13 national journals obtained through Google scholar and Garuda (Digital Referral Guard). Based on the results of the study, 10 journals stated that there was a significant relationship between maternal age and postpartum hemorrhage, while 3 other journals showed that there was no significant relationship between maternal age and postpartum hemorrhage.
The Potential Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Medical Malpractice Claims from Diagnostic Errors in Radiology in New York

Executive Summary This report provides an exploration of the potential impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on medical malpractice claims, with a focus on one specialty (radiology) and one state (New York). The discussions in this report are targeted to actuaries who are interested in developing a method to quantify the potential impact of AI to their own medical malpractice portfolio or to their own work. The research aims to:
Is the EITC as Good as an NIT? Conditional Cash Transfers and Tax Incidence

The EITC is intended to encourage work. But EITC-induced increases in labor supply may drive wages down. I simulate the economic incidence of the EITC. In each scenario that I consider, a large portion of low-income single mothers' EITC payments is captured by employers through reduced wages. Workers who are EITC ineligible also see wage declines. By contrast, a traditional Negative Income Tax (NIT) discourages work, and so induces large transfers from employers to their workers. With my preferred parameters, $1 in EITC spending increases after-tax incomes by $0.73, while $1 spent on the NIT yields $1.39. (JEL H22, H23, H24, H31, J22)
Screening Rules for Convex Problems

We propose a new framework for deriving screening rules for convex optimization problems. Our approach covers a large class of constrained and penalized optimization formulations, and works in two steps. First, given any approximate point, the structure of the objective function and the duality gap is used to gather information on the optimal solution. In the second step, this information is used to produce screening rules, i.e. safely identifying unimportant weight variables of the optimal solution. Our general framework leads to a large variety of useful existing as well as new screening rules for many applications. For example, we provide new screening rules for general simplex and $L_1$-constrained problems, Elastic Net, squared-loss Support Vector Machines, minimum enclosing ball, as well as structured norm regularized problems, such as group lasso.
Study of Various Stochastic Differential Equation Models for Finance

Stochastic Calculus has been widely used for modeling financial variables such as asset prices, derivative price as well as portfolio allocation since it was introduced by Robert Merton into the study of finance in 1990. Unlike deterministic models such as ordinary differential equation models, we begin with study in the form of continuous-time stochastic processes instead of a unique solution for each appropriate initial condition. This study consists of two parts. The first part of the research focuses on option pricing, including European option pricing and American option pricing. Option pricing is one of the predominant concerns in the financial market. Developed from the classical Black-Scholes option pricing formula, we start exploring Jump-diffusion models with stochastic volatility in order to explain numerous empirical phenomena such as large and sudden movements in prices, heavy tails, volatility clustering, the incompleteness of markets, the concentration of losses in a few large downward moves. Different from the Black-Scholes framework, we use jump-diffusion to describe the price dynamics for European options. The market of the model is allowed to be incomplete; that is, it is not possible to replicate the payoff of every contingent claim by a portfolio, and there are several equivalent martingale measures. The general equilibrium framework method is used as a unique martingale measure to deal with the option pricing in an incomplete market. As for the American option, we use the minimal martingale measure and consider the switch of asset prices with jump diffusion and stochastic volatility, and obtain the Radon-Nikodym derivative and a linear complementarity problem
Computational imaging with diffractive optics

Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) have been studied extensively in optics for decades, but have recently received a lot of renewed interests in the context of computational imaging and computational display because they can drastically reduce the size and weight of devices. However, the inherent strong dispersion is an obstacle that limits the use of DOEs in full spectrum imaging, causing unacceptable color fidelity loss in the captured or reconstructed images. Despite the benefits of facilitating compact form factors, DOEs have sufficient degrees of freedom that one can manipulate to encode the desirable light modulation functionality. In this dissertation we theoretically and experimentally investigate the practicability of introducing numerical optimization into the design procedure of optics, to enable a variety of diffractive optics subject to different application scenarios. Regarding imaging applications, we first validate the practicality of introducing diffractive-refractive hybrid elements as simplified optics in conventional computational imaging. We re-implement a cross-channel based deconvolution to correct the chromatic aberration. The full fabrication cycle of photolithography technique is developed, serving as the basis for all designs. Then, the desirable focal powers in both spectral and spatial domain are encoded onto the DOEs. Precisely, we develop the diffractive achromat that balances the focusing contributions in full visible spectrum. The color fidelity can thus be well preserved. Meanwhile, we develop the encoded lenses that provide focus tunable imaging ability and multi-focal sweep imaging compromise. The trade-off light loss and residual aberrations are tackled by a deconvolution step. In addition, we extend the design paradigm from image capture to image display, where the holograms of visualization of multiple narrowband spectra are en-
The effect of crop geometry on growth characters narration to yield of hybrid castor

A field experiment was carried out during August 2016 to February 2017 at Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, to study the growth parameters and yield of castor hybrid (YRCH 1). The soil of experimental field was sandy clay loam and experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD), comprised of eight treatments were replicated thrice viz., G1 150 × 120 cm (5,555 plants ha), G2 120 × 120 cm (6,944 plants ha), G3 120 × 90 cm (9,259 plants ha), G4 120 × 60 cm (13,888 plants ha), G5 90 × 90 cm (12,345 plants ha), G6 90 × 60 cm (18,518 plants ha), G7 90 × 45 cm (24,691 plants ha) and G8 75 × 75 cm (17,777 plants ha). Growth parameters such as number of nodes, node girth and number of branches plant were more under wider spacing of 150 × 120 cm and 120× 120 cm respectively. Plant height and node length were influenced by closer spacing of 75× 75 cm. Days to 50 per cent flowering shohwed that 150 x 120 cm spacing recorded more number of days to flowering as compared narrow crop geometry. Among the different plant geometry, significantly maximum seed and oil yield was realized with spacing of 120 × 120 cm, which provides favorable environment for better growth characters leads to higher seed and oil yield in hybrid castor as compared to closer spacing.
Dynamical Systems Modeling to Identify a Cohort of Problem Drinkers with Similar Mechanisms of Behavior Change

One challenge to understanding mechanisms of behavior change (MOBC) completely among individuals with alcohol use disorder is that processes of change are theorized to be complex, dynamic (time varying), and at times non-linear, and they interact with each other to influence alcohol consumption. We used dynamical systems modeling to better understand MOBC within a cohort of problem drinkers undergoing treatment. We fit a mathematical model to ecological momentary assessment data from individual patients who successfully reduced their drinking by the end of the treatment. The model solutions agreed with the trend of the data reasonably well, suggesting the cohort patients have similar MOBC. This work demonstrates using a personalized approach to psychological research, which complements standard statistical approaches that are often applied at the population level.
The Distribution and Function of Number in Azeri

In this dissertation, I study the distribution of number in Azeri within the ExoSkeletal model of Borer (2005a). I adopt the Exo-Skeletal model’s assumption that number marking is a syntactic rather than a lexical process. Following Borer (2005a), I assume that, in order to be counted, nouns need to be individuated by means of a functional category Div◦. In Borer’s model, plural markers and classifiers are argued to be generated in DivP. However, unlike Borer, I propose that the plural marker in Azeri is not an individuator. Instead, it solely marks plurality. Under my proposal, individuation in Azeri is morphologically null. Moreover, I argue that classifiers do not belong to the category of individuators either and their function is to unitize the individuated object. Therefore, I consider classifiers in Azeri to be generated on a cluster head where they contribute to a group formation process. The generation of the plural marker and the classifier on heads other than division derives the conclusion that the individuation in Azeri is morphologically null. Furthermore, I investigate the interpretation of number in the verbal domain, i.e. in TP, in the presence of the viewpoint aspect in both telic and atelic contexts. I argue that the singular interpretation of the Azeri bare noun is linked to the projection of AspQ, where the specific interpretation of the bare noun arises under the effect of the perfective aspect. The presence of AspQ yields a telic interpretation of the event structure, and the DP in the specifier of AspQ is the subject of quantity (Borer, 2005a). Moreover, according to Borer, number ambiguous nouns are generated in atelic structures where AspQ is absent. In this case, the DP does not have to be the subject of quantity and the availability of quantity on the DP remains optional. Nevertheless, (non-)specific interpretation of the noun in telic and atelic contexts in Azeri, I argue to be due to the impact of the viewpoint aspect.
Ultra-wideband radar reflectivity of a drone in millimeter wave band

UWB radar in millimeter wave band (79GHz) can provide very high range resolution since it can occupy a wider band than quasi-millimeter wave band (24/26GHz). This letter proposes the use of a millimeter wave UWB radar for drone detection and experimentally investigates the reflection characteristics of a typical drone in the millimeter wave band compared with that in the quasi-millimeter wave band. First, the drone’s radar cross section (RCS) is clarified. Next, radar echo characteristics for a flying drone are discussed. As a result, we have confirmed that the RCS in the millimeter wave band is larger than that in the quasi-millimeter wave band and the echoes from the rotors, which are a unique feature of drone, can be observed.
Genetic Potential of Tropically Adapted Exotic Maize (Zea mays L.) Heat-Tolerant Donor Lines in Sub-Tropical Breeding Programs

Breeding for heat stress tolerance became a priority in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), as projections are showing an increase in frequency, duration, and severity. In this study, 14 heat stress tolerant-donor lines (HSTDLs) sourced from CIMMYT-India (males) were crossed with 15 locally adapted elite lines (females) developed within the CIMMYT-Zimbabwe maize-breeding program using the North Carolina Design II mating scheme. The resultant 175 single crosses were evaluated alongside five commercial hybrids and adjacent to the trial of parental lines used in the crosses across two locations representing heat stress and optimal environments in Zimbabwe. The design II analysis showed significant (p < 0.01) general combining ability (GCA) effects for exotic heat donor lines and specific combining ability (SCA) effects on grain yield under heat stress, optimal conditions, and across locations; demonstrating additive and non-additive genetic inheritance of grain yield. High Baker’s ratios observed in this study indicate predominance of additive over non-additive gene effects. Three exotic HSTDLs, namely CAL14138, CAL152, and CAL1440, exhibited significant (p < 0.001) and positive GCA effects under heat stress conditions. The results imply that these exotic lines could serve as valuable genetic resources for introgression of heat tolerant alleles into local maize populations for accelerated yield genetic gains. Single crosses, DJ265-15 × VL1018816 and DJ267-9 × CAL1440, exhibited positive and significant (p < 0.01) and (p < 0.05) SCA effects for grain yield under heat stress conditions, respectively. These crosses can be used for further breeding and can contribute to grain yield performance under heat stress conditions. The exotic HSTDLs, CAL14138, CAL152, and VL109126 showed superior per se performance under heat, optimal conditions, and across environments. Overall data demonstrate the potential of exotic HSTDLs for improving the adaptation of maize to heat stress in sub-tropical breeding programs.
The Relationship between Preservice Teachers’ Attitudes towards Statistics and Their Research Anxiety

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between preservice teachers’ attitudes towards statistics and their research anxiety. The population of the study consisted of the students of a public university in Turkey who were studying at the Guidance and Psychological Counseling, and the Preschool Education programs. From this population, 257 participants were sampled for this research based on scale sampling method. In order to determine the attitudes and the anxiety of the participants towards statistics and research, two separate scales were to the participants. The scale of attitudes towards statistics consisted of 33 items, which assessed five subscales. The scale of research anxiety consisted of 12 items measuring a single factor. The data were analyzed through independent samples t-test and correlation analyses. The study results suggested that the female preservice teachers had more positive attitudes towards statistics than the male preservice teachers. On the other hand, the male preservice teachers’ research anxiety levels were lower than the female preservice teachers. Moreover, the attitudes and the anxiety levels showed significant differences based on the departments of the preservice teachers in favor of the Guidance and Psychological Counseling department. Finally, a positive correlation found between the research anxiety and the attitudes towards statistics levels of the participants.
Significance of Th17 and Treg in Treatment Efficacy and Outcome in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia represents a malignant proliferation of lymphoid cells blocked at an early stage of cell differentiation. It is the most common cancer occurring in children. Despite favorable prognosis, the survival rate of patients with poor treatment response or relapse remains dismal. The interaction between leukemic cells and the tumor immune microenvironment is pivotal in mediating tumor progression. In this study we evaluated associations between Treg and Th17 lymphocytes and the clinical presentation of ALL pediatric patients to validate their value in monitoring treatment outcome. The peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirates from 35 pediatric patients with ALL and 48 healthy control subjects were selected for the experiment. We demonstrated the numbers of Th17 lymphocytes and Tregs were increased in the bone marrow of ALL patients at the moment of diagnosis compared to the healthy control group, with the latter significantly decreasing during the course of ALL treatment. Patients with lower Th17 were found to demonstrate higher risk of blasts prevalence in bone marrow at day 33. ALL patients with lower WBC demonstrated higher frequency of Tregs. In summary, we identified a significant role of Th17 and Treg lymphocytes in ALL of pediatric patients and their contribution to disease-related parameters.