Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Early Milestones of Team-based Learning: The Key is Sustained Practice

Background: To explore students’ perceptions of team-based learning (TBL) initial implementation in a medical school in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This descriptive study used the validated TBL-Student Assessment Instrument (TBL-SAI) to gauge students’ perception of TBL in three subscales: accountability, preference, and satisfaction. Study participants were fourth-year students at the College of Medicine in Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, studying a nine-week introductory surgery course in the academic year 2019–2020. Descriptive statistics using the mean scores were used to highlight the results. Results: Thirty-three students participated in the study. While the mean scores for the three subscales were: accountability 30 (SD 6.6) (neutral score = 24), preference 43.2 (SD 10.8) (neutral score = 48), and satisfaction 25.2 (SD 8.9) (neutral score = 27), the mean of the total questionnaires’ scores was 98.4 (SD 21.8) (neutral score = 99). Students expressed a minor level of accountability, poor preference and satisfaction, and an overall low rating of TBL activities. Conclusion: Low students’ engagement with TBL is likely attributed to their unfamiliarity with this approach and the hostility that they may experience when challenged to refrain from passive learning habits and take an active role toward their learning. Lack of the necessary skills and experience to facilitate TBL encounters and the educational climate where didactic teaching is pervasive may be other factors. Exposure to TBL may initially be associated with poor students’ perception. Perseverance, strong commitment alongside adequate institutional support are necessarily required to mitigate poor outcomes. Keywords: active learning, passive learning, team-based learning, Saudi Arabia
Success rate and ART outcome of microsurgical sperm extraction in non obstructive azoospermia: A retrospective study

Abstract Background The management of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) disease relies on microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE). Few studies have assessed the role of micro-TESE in men with NOA in our country. Objective The aim of the current study was to investigate the success rate of micro-TESE. Materials and Methods This retrospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 463 men with NOA in Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute during September 2017 through September 2019. Sperm were retrieved and frozen according to the rapid sperm freezing protocol. After preparing the oocyte of the male partner's spouse, sperms were thawed and then entered the intracytoplasmic sperm injection process. The clinical pregnancy of individuals was confirmed via ultrasound. Demographic data were extracted from medical records. Results The success rate of micro-TESE was 38% and successful fertilization, biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth were observed in 111 (85.4%), 29 (22.3%), 29 (22.3%) and 14 (10.7%) men, respectively. A significant difference was seen between the two groups, regarding age (p = 0.01). In addition, the mean follicle-stimulating hormone in men with positive micro-TESE was significantly lower than in men with negative micro-TESE (p = 0.02). Conclusion The success of pregnancy in couples with NOA managed via micro-TESE was significant. The study found that the success rate of micro-TESE was higher in older men and in those with lower follicle-stimulating hormone levels.
The effect of Long-Term Care (LTC) benefits on healthcare use

The healthcare systems of most European countries are currently operating under extreme levels of pressure. Part of this pressure is due to a rising demand for healthcare caused by an increase in comorbidities and life expectancies amongst the populations they serve. The implementation of a good system of Long-Term Care (LTC) could reduce this pressure if it promotes preventative habits and treatment adherence, or reduces age-related risks. In this study we aim to understand the role of LTC benefits in reducing healthcare use in primary and secondary care by exploring a detailed administrative database. Results show that a monthly LTC benefit of around 412 euros could reduce avoidable hospitalizations by 60% and also unscheduled "walk-in" patient visits by a half, with the majority relating to social exclusion cases. Furthermore, LTC benefits could promote preventive healthcare, improving access to healthcare services such as cataract surgery. These findings have important policy implications for the organization of the LTC and healthcare systems, suggesting that allocating resources to LTC might not only increase the welfare of LTC beneficiaries, but also help to contain the increasing costs of healthcare.
Free Cash Flow and Investment Efficiency of Listed Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

Purpose- This study aims to determine the relationship between free cash flow and investment efficiency of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Design- An accounting-based model developed by Richardson (2006) was employed to measure investment efficiency and free cash flow. The population of the study consist of all the listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Similarly, the purposive sampling technique was employed to arrive at forty-eight companies for 2008-2018. Findings- The results of the study confirm the agency theory of free cash flow. Hence, it established that there is a positive and robust relationship between free cash flow and overinvestment. Practical Implications- the findings of this study has practical implications to various group of users of financial information such as investors, policymakers and other stakeholders in the listed manufacturing sector in Nigeria. The study recommends that policymakers reduce the cost of debt, and likewise, managers should emphasize the facilitation of equity capital. Originality- To the best of the researcher's knowledge, this is the first study to examine the relationship between free cash flow and investment efficiency in Nigeria.
Needle Stick Injuries among Health Care Workers in AL-Madinah AL-Munawara Governmental Hospitals in Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND: Needle stick injuries are a dangerous occupational hazard that threatens health care workers with serious consequences in many cases. Because of inadequate reporting of these incidents, the true magnitude of the problem is unknown. The study’s aim was to investigate the epidemiology of needle stick injuries (NSIs) among health care workers in Al Madinah Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A representative sample of health care workers (n=268) were randomly selected from emergency departments of three general hospitals in Al Madinah Al Munawara for a cross-sectional study, and 219 responded to a predesigned questionnaire reflecting exposure to NSI, reporting, post-exposure reactions, and knowledge about NSIs. RESULTS: Almost one third of the participating medical professionals 70 (32%) had been exposed to stick injury during work. One half of the needles (52.9%) were blood stained. Nurses are significantly more likely to have stick injury (38.6%) followed by physicians (30.4%) if compared to laboratory technicians (13.9%) at the p-value of less than 0.05. The main purposes during injuries were drawing blood sample 33 (47.1%), injection 31 (44.3%) and suturing 23 (32.9%). Almost all injured personnel (97.1%) cleaned the injury site immediately and thoroughly. Out of the injured personnel, 50 (71.4%) reported the incident to authorities. A significantly higher proportion of physicians (91.3%) achieved above average score if compared to both lab technicians (72.2%) and nurses (76.3%) at the p-value of less than 0.05. CONCLUSION: Occupational needle stick injuries are fairly common among health care workers at Al Madinah Al Munawara’s governmental hospitals. In hospitals, deliberate efforts should be made to ensure adherence to safety guidelines governing needle stick injuries.
Preoperative vs postoperative radiotherapy in the management of rectal cancer: A systematic review

Purpose. The objective of this study is to review randomized clinical trials systematically that compare the outcomes of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy in the management of rectal cancer regarding locoregional recurrance, disease free survival and overall survival.Methods. The relevant randomized clinical trials are searched via online databases such as Pubmed, Ebsco, and Proquest. RCTs publised in English between 2000 until 2020 are selected and reviewed systematically.Result. Locoregional recurrence at 5 years was statistically lower in preoperative radiotherapy group than in postoperative radiotherapy group based on two studies. Disease free survival at 5-years was statistically higher in preoprative radiotherapy group than the postoperative one based on two studies. Overall survival at 5 years was not statistically significant between two groups for each study.Conclusion. Preoperative radiotherapy is superior to postoperative radiotherapy for controlling locoregional recurrence and disease free survival, but both are equal in overall survival.
IS RAISED SERUM MALONDIALDEHYDE IS AN INDICATOR FOR OXIDATIVE STRESS IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Objectives: Objective of our study is to measure the concentration and role of Malondialdehyde in determining the oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis patients in comparison with healthy individuals. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of physiology Gujranwala Medical College and Shalamar Medical College, Lahore. Period: From October 2016 to October 2017. Methodology: 180 patients of age 49 to 70 years of either gender. The approval for conducting experimental study was taken from ethical committee and consent information was taken from the patient on prescribed Performa. Data was analyzed on SPSS Version 23 related to study. Continuous variables were presented as mean and standard deviation like age and serum MDA concentration.Categorical variables were presented as numbers and percentages like gender. Post operative chi square test was applied and pvalue less than or equal to 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Total 180 person (n=180) of either gender were included in this study. The study group was divided into two equal groups. Group A (RA group) consists of 90 patients (n=90) based on clinically and laboratory based criteria while group B (control group) consists of 90 (n=90) normal healthy individuals. The serum MDA levels in the RA patients were 3.97±1.03 nmoles/ml and it was 1.59±0.32 nmoles/ml in control patients. The difference was statistically significant (t=20.87, p=0.001). Conclusion: The observations of our study showed statistically significant raised serum Malondialdehyde level as compared to control group which shows that raised serum MDA is an indicator of oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
MORPHODYNAMICS OF A SMALL MEANDERING RIVER IN THE AMAZON BASIN FROM LANDSAT AND UAV

This study analyzes the planform evolution of a meandering river and its tributary, the Ichilo and the Sajta rivers, located in southern part of the Amazon basin in the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia by using Landsat imagery and the processing tool RivMAP to obtain meandering metrics. The analysis is performed along 150 kilometers of the Ichilo river from years 1988 to 2018. We observe the development of cutoffs, migration rates, and bank erosion and accretion processes. Furthermore, river morphology dynamics were mapped using images acquired with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The data obtained from the UAV was processed and orthophotomosaics were created. The results for this study helps us improve the understanding of the morphodynamics of the Ichilo River, showing that neck cutoffs are main controls in the planform configuration of the river. Our study suggest that ENSO events may have affected migration rates in Ichilo River in the year 2008. Furthermore, high water level variation and the groundwater levels may have an effect on bank erosion processes. Two possible scenarios where cutoffs are expected to occur were identified. These scenarios present further changes to the ever evolving landscape of the Ichilo river.
Spatio-temporal changes in the heatwaves and coldwaves in Spain (1950-2018): Influence of the East Atlantic pattern

The Iberian Peninsula has a complex orography, which determines an important altitudinal gradient and alternation of valleys and mountains, and periodic cold/warm advections air. In the present investigation the evolution of the characteristics of heatwaves (HWs) and coldwaves (CWs) (number of events, frequency, duration, magnitude, and amplitude) was analyzed. A total of 28 homogeneous-period weather stations (1950-2018), grouped into six regions (cluster). After submitting the meteorological series to a process of homogenization and data quality control, various ET-SCI indices were estimated in order to obtain evolution trends in each climatic region. In all cases, there was an increase, often significant, in the recurrence of HW events (0.3 / 10 yrs) as well as a decrease in CW events (-0.2 / 10 yrs). In addition, the evolution of the above indices and anomalies was correlated with the evolution of the global index of the East Atlantic (EAi).
Degradation of Remazol Black dye from Aqueous Solution by Heterogeneous NH3(MoO3)3/H2O2 System

Aims: The pollution of the environment by organic dyes in water is a matter of great concern. Wastewater containing dyes is difficult to treat by conventional wastewater treatment methods such as coagulation, ozonation, biological treatment, etc. This is why the implementation of an effective method by not generating pollutants secondary is necessary. The objective of this work is to study the degradation of remazol black, an azo dye, by the coupling of hydrogen peroxide - molybdenum oxide nanoparticle. The nanoparticles were synthesized by the aqueous sol-gel method using a reflux assembly. Study Design: Random design. Methodology: The nanoparticles were synthesized by the aqueous sol-gel method using a reflux assembly and then characterized by X-ray diffraction and using software origin to determine the particles size by Scherrer's formula. The influence of hydrogen peroxide, molybdenum oxide and hydrogen peroxide / molybdenum oxide coupling, and the degradation kinetics of remazol black were studied. We also studied the influence of the pH of the solution, the mass of molybdenum nanoparticles and the concentration of remazol black on the dye degradation process. Results: The results showed that the synthesized oxide is ammonium molybdenum trioxide NH3(MoO3)3) with a hexagonal structure and size 22.79 nm. The study of the catalytic effect revealed a degradation rate of 17%, 0.83% and 42% respectively for H2O2, NH3(MoO3)3 and the coupling NH3(MoO3)3/H2O2. The study also showed that the degradation of remazol black by the couple NH3(MoO3)3 /H2O2 is better at pH = 4 and for a mass of nanoparticles of 400 mg. This degradation kinetics are pseudo 1st order. In addition, the degradation rate decreases when the concentration of remazol black increases. The efficiency of the coupling (NH3(MoO3)3 / H2O2 showed at ambient temperature, that it was possible to remove about 60% of the initial color of remazol black from the water in a batch reaction. Conclusion: The reflux method makes it possible to synthesize molybdenum nanoparticles. The molybdenum oxide hetero-Fenton process is effective in removing remazol black dye from water.
AN INTELLIGENT MODEL BASED ON DEEP TRANSFER LEARNING FOR DETECTING ANOMALIES IN CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS

Context. The problem of detecting anomalies from signals of cyber-physical systems based on spectrogram and scalogram images is considered. The object of the research is complex industrial equipment with heterogeneous sensory systems of different nature. Objective. The goal of the work is the development of a method for signal anomalies detection based on transfer learning with the extreme gradient boosting algorithm. Method. An approach based on transfer learning and the extreme gradient boosting algorithm, developed for detecting anomalies in acoustic signals of cyber-physical systems, is proposed. Little research has been done in this area, and therefore various pre-trained deep neural model architectures have been studied to improve anomaly detection. Transfer learning uses weights from a deep neural model, pre-trained on a large dataset, and can be applied to a small dataset to provide convergence without overfitting. The classic approach to this problem usually involves signal processing techniques that extract valuable information from sensor data. This paper performs an anomaly detection task using a deep learning architecture to work with acoustic signals that are preprocessed to produce a spectrogram and scalogram. The SPOCU activation function was considered to improve the accuracy of the proposed approach. The extreme gradient boosting algorithm was used because it has high performance and requires little computational resources during the training phase. This algorithm can significantly improve the detection of anomalies in industrial equipment signals. Results. The developed approach is implemented in software and evaluated for the anomaly detection task in acoustic signals of cyber-physical systems on the MIMII dataset. Conclusions. The conducted experiments have confirmed the efficiency of the proposed approach and allow recommending it for practical use in diagnosing the state of industrial equipment. Prospects for further research may lie in the application of ensemble approaches based on transfer learning to various real datasets to improve the performance and fault-tolerance of cyber-physical systems.
Study of genetic divergences using mahalanobis d analysis in black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) germplasm

The present experiment was conducted at Research cum Instructional Farm of SGCARS Kumhrawand, Jagdalpur, Bastar (C.G.). The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications. Crop was grown proper spacing 30×10cm during Kharif 2019. The study was undertaken on the 82 black gram genotypes along with two checks (Indira Urd Pratham and T.U. 942) to study the D analysis. Eighty two genotypes of black gram were used to study the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence using Mahalanobis’s D Statistics. The data for thirteen important quantitative traits were recorded. D analysis grouped genotypes into eight clusters. Among the eight clusters formed, cluster I was found to be largest group consisting of 19 genotypes followed by cluster IV having 18 genotypes, cluster V 11 genotypes, cluster II 9 genotypes, both cluster VII and VIII have 7 genotypes, cluster III 6 genotypes and cluster VI have 5 genotypes respectively. The average intra-cluster distance between the genotypes was maximum for the cluster VII (2.898) and minimum for clusters VIII (2.331), have been recorded. The highest inter-cluster distance was noted between clusters VIII and cluster II (6.706). The genotypes was eight different grouped in these clusters indicate their diverse nature. Number of pods per plant followed by Days to 50 per cent flowering and Pod length maximum per cent contribution towards total divergence among the genotypes. The study provides scope for selection, further subsequent utility of the genotypes in future crop improvement programmes.
THE ROLE OF ANNOTATED LOGICS IN AI: A REVIEW PAPER

Annotated Logics are a category of non-classical logics that have recently appeared from a historical point of view. They are a type of paraconsistent, paracomplete and non-alethic logic. With the rapid development of AI and Automation and Robotics, more and more theory and techniques were coined to support the various issues that the themes were presenting. This expository work explores how to deal directly with conflicts (contradictions) and paracompleteness directly, without extra-logical devices. Support is given by the paraconsistent annotated evidential logic Et. Some applications are discussed.
OPTIMIZATION OF MILLET-LEGUME BASED COMPOSITE FLOUR, ITS RHEOLOGY AND USE AS PRO-HEALTH INGREDIENT IN BAKERY INDUSTRY

Modern day lifestyle and eating habits have significantly contributed to several health disorders and calls for inclusion of healthy ingredients in bakery industry. Dietary modification is suggestive of protecting against diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. Amongst them Diabetes Mellitus is one of five leading causes of deaths and debilitating disease in the world. With these serious health repercussions in mind, the present research intends to develop a functional composite flour comprising millets and legumes as a healthy bakery ingredient and also exploit its nutritional benefits in diabetes diet management. With extensive literature review, foxtail millet, pearl millet, finger millet and Bengal gram were chosen to understand the health benefits on diabetes patients over refined flour. Mixture Optimal (Custom) Design of Design Expert, v.11 was used for the statistical analysis. For the experimental design, the composite flour components (Foxtail millet, Pearl millet, Finger millet and Bengal gram) were the variables while the functional properties i.e., Water absorption capacity (WAC), oil absorption capacity (OAC), swelling power (SP), foaming capacity (FC), foaming stability (FS) and bulk density (BD) were the responses. The optimised flour with 20 % wheat flour was tested for dough characteristics using Brabender. Optimization with mixture optimal custom design resulted in six different solutions. Amongst them the best solution with highest desirability was selected which was foxtail millet (49.65%,), finger millet (10%), pearl millet (10%) and Bengal gram (10.35%) with desirability of 0.864. The ANOVA, R2 and R2 adjusted values for WAC, OAC, SP, FC and BD showed that the composite flours were statistically significant whereas FS model was not fit implying no significant effect of any composite flour ingredient on FS. Farinograph confirms that the optimised composite flour is high-quality strong flour. Composite flour with accepted functiona
What doesn’t kill you doesn’t make you stronger: Parasites modify interference competition between two invasive amphipods

We used a freshwater amphipod-microsporidian model (Ponto-Caspian hosts: Dikerogammarus villosus and D. haemobaphes, parasite: Cucumispora dikerogammari) to check whether parasites affect biological invasions by modulating behaviour and intra- and interspecific interactions between the invaders. We tested competition for shelter in conspecific and heterospecific male pairs (one or both individuals infected or non-infected). In general, amphipods of both species increased their shelter occupancy time when accompanied by infected rather than non-infected conspecifics and heterospecifics. Infected amphipods faced lower aggression from non-infected conspecifics. Moreover, D. villosus was more aggressive than D. haemobaphes and more aggressive towards conspecifics vs. heterospecifics. In summary, infection reduced the intra- and interspecific competitivity of amphipods, which became less capable of defending their shelters, despite their unchanged need for shelter occupancy. Dikerogammarus haemobaphes, commonly considered as a weaker competitor, displaced by D. villosus from co-occupied locations, was able to compete efficiently for the shelter with D. villosus when microsporidian infections appeared on the scene. This suggests that parasites may be important mediators of biological invasions, facilitating the existence of large intra- and interspecific assemblages of invasive alien amphipods.