Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Intellectual, Emotional, Spiritual, and Adversity Intelligence After Psychoeducation Modification Among Lepers

The anxiety due to leprosy stigma makes the patient not ready to accept the disease so that it can cause psychological disorders, namely distress. Psychological disorders can affect the intellectual, emotional, spiritual, and adversity intelligence of lepers. Healing process must pay attention to physical, psychological, and spiritual aspects. One of the efforts to improve the psychosocial impact is psychoeducation. This study aims to prove differences in intellectual, emotional, spiritual, and adversity intelligence before and after psychoeducation modification intervention among lepers. This study used a Quasi Experiment approach with one group pretestposttest design. The samples consisted of 12 leper respondents. Data were analyzed statistically using the dependent T test. Based on the results of paired T test, intellectual intelligence score obtained p value=0.004, emotional intelligence score obtained p value=0.001, and spiritual intelligence score obtained p value=0.000, meaning that there were differences in intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence before and after psychoeducation modification intervention among lepers. Meanwhile, the adversity intelligence score obtained p value=0.103, meaning that there was no difference in adversity intelligence before and after the psychoeducation modification intervention among lepers. Keywords—Intellectual, Emotional, Spiritual, Adversity
Study on soybean potential productivity and food security assessment in China under the influence of the COVID-19 outbreak

The COVID-19 outbreak suddenly broke out globally in 2020 Pressure from the blockade and ban on food exports are starting to affect agricultural supply chains, it has led to a rapid rise in global food prices As many grain exporting countries announced a ban on grain exports, food security issues in China have attracted great international attention This study builds the Suitability Distribution Model and Soybean-Cereal Constraint Model to explore the relationship between soybean production potential and food security As a result, the soybean potential planting area in China is 164 3 million ha If the outbreak prevents China from importing soybeans, the soybean planting area will need to be increased by 6 9 times to satisfy the demands In the meantime, the cereal self-sufficiency rate will drop to 63 4%, which will greatly affect food security Each additional unit of soybean production will reduce 3 9 units of cereals, and 1% increase in the self-sufficiency rate of soybeans will result in a 0 63% drop in cereals It is not sustainable to sacrifice cereal to grow soybeans and to rely heavily on imports But to ensuring the cereal security, the self-sufficiency rate of soybeans is difficult to exceed 42% China still need to import more than 68% of the original import volume of soybean In the short term, the outbreak will not affect food security in China, but as soybean imports decrease, insufficient supply of soybeans will affect people's quality of life To prevent the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, China should increase soybean stocks and strengthen international cooperation in short term In the long term, increasing the self-sufficiency rate is the fundamental solution to soybean problem, and the key to increasing soybean cultivation is to make soybean cultivation profitable and to build a sustainable soybean planting chain So, China need to formulate a soybean cultivation strategy prudently
Endocannabinoid Signaling for GABAergic-Microglia (Mis)Communication in the Brain Aging

The aging brain seems to be characterized by neuronal loss leading to cognitive decline and progressively worsening symptoms related to neurodegeneration. Also, pro-inflammatory states, if prolonged, may increase neuronal vulnerability via excessive activation of microglia and their pro-inflammatory by-products, which is seen as individuals increase in age. Consequently, microglial activity is tightly regulated by neuron-microglia communications. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is emerging as a regulator of microglia and the neuronal-microglia communication system. Recently, it has been demonstrated that cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor signaling on GABAergic interneurons plays a crucial role in regulating microglial activity. Interestingly, if endocannabinoid signaling on GABAergic neurons are disturbed, the phenotypes mimic central nervous system insult models by activating microglia and leading to accelerated brain aging. Investigating the endocannabinoid receptors, ligands, and genetic deletions yields the potential to understand the communication system and mechanism by which the ECS regulates glial cells and aspects of aging. While there remains much to discover with the ECS, the information gathered and identified already could lead to the development of cell-specific therapeutic interventions that help in reducing the effects of age-related pro-inflammatory states and neurodegeneration.
Investigating the Effect of Consumer Traits on the Relative Importance of TAM Constructs in an E-Commerce Context

— This paper tests whether the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) holds for different groups of customers. In doing so, we investigate the moderating effect of eight customer traits (socio-demographics, psychographics, and prior experience) on important relationships within TAM for an online shopping context. The results show that in general TAM is quite capable of predicting customers’ online purchase intentions. For some moderators, however, the impact of a predictor is significantly different. Socio-demographics have the strongest influence on altering the relative importance of the predictors, while the moderating influence of prior online shopping experience is significant in some cases. Psychographics are found to be mostly unrelated to the extent to which TAM predictor impact purchase intentions. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Ems and gamma radiation induced mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.)

Present investigation has been undertaken to study the induction of mutation by individual and combination treatments of EMS and gamma rays in three diverged genotypes of grasspea viz. Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local. Combination treatments caused the more biological damage (lethality, injury and sterility) followed by gamma rays and EMS alone. The LD50 dose of gamma rays for Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local corresponded to 590 Gy, 630 Gy and 539 Gy respectively. Above 0.5% EMS for Nirmal and Biol-212 and above 1% EMS in case of Berhampur Local was found to be lethal. Average total mutation frequency of three varieties together was highest (6.32 %) in gamma radiation followed by both EMS and combination treatment (5.8%). The most efficient dose/concentration of gamma rays and EMS were found to be 400 Gy and 0.5% EMS respectively. Mutagenic efficiency increases and effectiveness decreases with increasing concentration of EMS but the consequence was showed almost inverse relationship in case of gamma rays. Overall, irrespective of genotypes, gamma rays and EMS respectively were found to be most efficient and effective mutagen.
Radiation-Induced Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Retinal Alterations in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the early neurovascular alterations of the retina in radiation encephalopathy (RE) patients with normal-ranged visual acuity after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Fifty-five RE patients and 54 healthy age-matched subjects were enrolled in this retrospective cross-sectional case–control study. The best corrected visual acuity (LogMAR) of the included eye should not be more than 0. The vessel density and thickness of different locations in the retina were acquired automatically using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The data were then compared between the RE patients and the controls. The location included the whole retina, the superficial vascular plexus (SVP)/the ganglion cell complex (GCC), the deep vascular plexus (DVP), and the choroid in the macular area, as well as the inside disc and peripapillary area in the optic nerve head (ONH). The risk factors in OCTA retinal impairments were analyzed using a backward multiple linear regression. The relationships between mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) in the visual field (VF) and the OCTA parameters were also analyzed in RE patients. Results: The vessel density of the GCC was significantly reduced in RE patients compared with controls (p = 0.018), and the reductions were mainly shown in the parafoveal (p = 0.049) and perifoveal fields (p = 0.006). The thickness of the GCC was correspondingly reduced (whole image GCC mean thickness: p = 0.044; parafoveal thickness: p = 0.038; perifoveal thickness: p = 0.038). In addition, the sub-foveal choroidal thickness (p = 0.039) was also reduced in RE patients. The vessel density of the GCC (R2 = 0.643) and DVP (R2 = 0.777) had a significant positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and had a significant negative correlation with age (GCC: HDL-C, β = 29.89, p = 0.005; ApoA1, β = 78.92, p = 0.002; age, β = −0.886, p = 0.001; DVP: HDL-C, β = 40.09, p = 0.003; ApoA1, β = 62.65, p = 0.013; age, β = −1.31, p = 0.001). The vessel density of the GCC also had a significant negative correlation with apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (β = −32.18, p = 0.006). In the VF, MD had a significant positive correlation with the vessel density inside disc (R2 = 0.241, β = 0.304, p = 0.045), whereas PSD showed a significant negative correlation with the vessel density inside disc and the average GCC thickness, respectively (R2 = 0.437; vessel density inside disc, β = −0.358, p = 0.004; average GCC thickness, β = −0.510, p < 0.001). Conclusion: With the aid of OCTA, we found that neurovascular alterations of the retina may exist in RE patients with normal-ranged visual acuity. Herein, we suggest the implementation of OCTA to assist ophthalmologists in the early detection and consistent monitoring of radiation-related eye diseases to avoid delayed diagnosis.
Extrinsic stochastic factors (solute partition) in gene expression inside lipid vesicles and lipid-stabilized water-in-oil droplets: a review

Abstract The encapsulation of transcription–translation (TX–TL) machinery inside lipid vesicles and water-in-oil droplets leads to the construction of cytomimetic systems (often called ‘synthetic cells’) for synthetic biology and origins-of-life research. A number of recent reports have shown that protein synthesis inside these microcompartments is highly diverse in terms of rate and amount of synthesized protein. Here, we discuss the role of extrinsic stochastic effects (i.e. solute partition phenomena) as relevant factors contributing to this pattern. We evidence and discuss cases where between-compartment diversity seems to exceed the expected theoretical values. The need of accurate determination of solute content inside individual vesicles or droplets is emphasized, aiming at validating or rejecting the predictions calculated from the standard fluctuations theory. At the same time, we promote the integration of experiments and stochastic modeling to reveal the details of solute encapsulation and intra-compartment reactions.
Bat Community and Roost Site Selection of Tree-Dwelling Bats in a Well-Preserved European Lowland Forest

Worldwide species density of bats is highest in forests ecosystems. European primeval forests are now reduced to a few small and isolated patches because almost all forests are subject to management. Therefore, knowledge about bats in ancient and near-natural forests in Europe is scarce. In the well-preserved forest stands of the Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park in Belarus we studied the bat community (1), the presence of maternity colonies and their preference in tree roost selection (2) and parameters of roosts used by forest dwelling bats (3). By mist-netting surveys, we identified 13 bat species and acoustic data suggested the presence of another three species. We detected 15 maternity colonies of seven bat species by radio-tracking reproductive females and 40 tree roosts within the forest. Roosts of Barbastella barbastellus, Pipistrellus pygmaeus and Plecotus auritus were almost exclusively behind the loose tree bark of decaying trees, or within narrow crevices. Myotis nattereri and Nyctalus leisleri showed a preference towards hollows (e.g., woodpecker-made cavities) within oak trees (Quercus robur). Our study shows that all tree-dwelling bat species are highly dependent on natural processes within forests that allow the formation of roost sites. Therefore, we strongly support that the natural aging process of trees, as well as the consequences of natural disturbance (e.g. through weather), should be permitted. This should extend beyond the protected zones of National Parks. In contrast, sanitary cuttings decrease the habitat's suitability for forest-dwelling bats. Finally, our results indicate that the forest complex of Belovezhskaya Pushcha and Białowieża is one of the most important bat areas in Europe.
Life table and predation rate of Typhlodromus bagdasarjani (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on Eotetranychus frosti (Tetranychidae) on apple leaves

ABSTRACT The life history and predation rate of Typhlodromus bagdasarjani Wainstein & Arutunjan feeding on nymphal stage of Eotetranychus frosti (McGregor) (Tetranychidae) were determined at 25 ± 1°C, 60 ± 10% relative humidity (RH), and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (light:dark) on apple leaves. Typhlodromus bagdasarjani successfully completed development, oviposition, and survival on this prey. The developmental durations of egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, and all immature stages were 2.27, 1.08, 2.31, 2.19, and 7.85 days for females, respectively. The adult longevity in females and males were 49.58 and 33.77 days, respectively, also females laid a total of 40.81 eggs on E. frosti. The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rates of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) were 17.68 female offspring, 0.158, and 1.171 day−1, respectively. The predation rates of pre-adult and adult on E. frosti were 24.35 and 452.48 prey for females and 16.50 and 104.59 for males, respectively. Also, the predation rate increased from pre-oviposition to oviposition periods and reduced in the post-oviposition phase. The net predation rate (C0) and transformation rate (Qp) of T. bagdasarjani were 252.08 and 14.26 preys, respectively. Our findings suggest that T. bagdasarjani can successfully complete its life cycle on E. frosti and have excellent potential for biological control agent of this pest species.
In plain sight: Bacular and noseleaf morphology supports distinct specific status of Roundleaf Bats Hipposideros pomona Andersen, 1918 and Hipposideros gentilis Andersen, 1918 (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae)

The taxonomic status of Andersen’s Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros pomona (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) and its relationship with the taxa assigned to it has been confusing. Knud Andersen described H. pomona (based on specimens from southern India) and H. gentilis (based on specimens from Myanmar) in 1918. Subsequently, the latter taxon was included under the former as a subspecies. Owing to disjunct distribution, it was speculated that these two taxa are distinct. Discovery of the type material and additional vouchers of both taxa in the National Collection of Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata allowed detailed comparison. Based on the morphological, craniodental and bacular characters, we establish the distinctness of these taxa. A redescription of H. pomona Andersen, 1918 is provided.
Microwave-assisted boration of potato starch

Granular potato starch was successfully borated with boric acid and sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax) in a microwave-assisted solid state reaction. Products of starch boration reached (dependently on the conditions of the process) the maximal value of the degree of esterification (DE) equal to 0.27 when boric acid was applied, and 0.18 when borax was used. DTA, TG, DTG and FT-IR methods revealed that boration of starch provided boron esters or borate complexes. High-pressure size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), DSC and X-ray diffraction showed that although the boration of starch caused changes in its macrostructure, the thermal stability of borated starch was enhanced even by 20 °C when compared with native product, with larger stability exhibited by complexes than by esters. The thermal stability of the borated starch increased with an increase in DE. After modification, granularity of starch was retained, as was indicated by the scanning electron microscopy.
The role of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation in alpine plants facing climate change

The Alpine landscape is characterized by great spatial and temporal heterogeneity, to which plants may have adapted constitutively (i.e. genetically) or via adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Additionally, the Alpine biota is currently facing the effects of ongoing climate change. In this context, the main aim of this Thesis was to investigate the adaptive potential of Alpine plants when facing climate change, by studying their capacity to respond plastically to environmental changes and the extent to which populations are locally adapted. A first experiment assessed the plastic responses of alpine species in key functional traits to manipulated warming and drought. We found that alpine species induced considerable shifts in their flowering phenology in response to warming and drought, and seemed to adequately follow ongoing changes. However, the phenological plasticity in flowering phenology was constrained in high- relative to low-elevation species, reflecting their specific adaption to short growing seasons at high elevation. In other key functional traits (i.e. SLA, biomass allocation to belowground or reproductive structures), high elevation species harbored the same potential for phenotypic plasticity as their low elevation congeners, globally suggesting a high capacity to respond to ongoing climate changes. A second experiment, relying on reciprocal transplantations of populations across their original field sites in the Swiss Alps, was designed to investigate the extent of local adaptation in two Alpine species. Strong evidence was found for local adaptation in Poa alpina, and the patterns of local adaptation were trait-dependent and followed different spatial scales. In contrast, little evidence for local adaptation was found in populations of Geum reptans, suggesting a lack of divergent selection across glacier forelands, the typical habitat of this species. The combination of our results i.e. the simultaneous occurrence of genetic population differentiation (i.e. local adaptation) and adaptive plastic responses to changes in environmental conditions, suggest that the adaptive potential of Alpine species is maintained and may buffer against ongoing climate change. However, the question remains whether natural selection can keep pace with the speed of ongoing changes.
Seasonal variation on diet of juvenile Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 (Ladyfish) in the Parnaiba River Delta

Aim: Identify seasonal variations in the diet of juvenile living in the estuary of the Parnaíba River Delta. Methods: Food items were identified through analysis of stomach contents, and later submitted to analysis by regular methods for Frequency of Occurrence (FO), Frequency Numerical (FN), Gravimetric Frequency (FW) and Relative Importance Index (IRI). Results: Juvenile diet of Elops saurus that inhabit the lagoons in the Parnaíba delta was composed in order decreasing of importance by Osteichthyes (Teleostei), Insecta and Crustacea in addition to Polychaeta and Nematoda. It was also observed a high frequency of occurrence of fragments of plastics in the diet. In the rainy season, 17 items were recorded in the diet, whereas in the dry season only 7 items were present. Relative Importance Index showed high presence of the Teleostei fish (69.93%) on diet of E. saurus during the rainy season, whereas during the dry period the insects of the families Corixidae (43.25%) and Dysticidae (39.16%). Conclusions: With the study it was possible to identify that juvenile are piscivorous in the rainy season when there is a higher availability of prey in the environment and insectivores in the dry season when it reduces the supply of food, indicating feeding flexibility to environmental alterations.
Sustainable Food System in the European Union

Food lies at the heart of our lives. It is vital for our survival, and links us to our natural and social environment in a unique way. But our food system is unsustainable. How can we ensure future food security without treating people unfairly or leaving them behind? Food systems have complex social, economic and ecological components, and radical transformation is needed to make them sustainable. This report from SAPEA lays out the science on how that transition can happen in an inclusive, just and timely way. he global demand for food will increase in the future. To meet this demand, it is not enough simply to increase productivity in a sustainable way. We also need to change from linear mass consumption to a more circular economy — which will mean changing our norms, habits and routines. The evidence shows that this kind of behaviour change needs to happen collectively, not just individually. So we need joined-up governance at local, national and international levels. Food systems also contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. This can be addressed by reducing waste or directing it back into the supply chain. A mix of different measures will be most effective. The evidence shows that taxation is one of the most effective ways to modify behaviour. Accreditation and labelling schemes can also have an impact. Meanwhile, reform of European agriculture and fisheries policies offer great opportunities to develop resilience and sustainability. But there is not yet enough evidence to know for sure exactly what works in practice, so the steps we take should be carefully evaluated, and trade-offs anticipated.
Aluminium Fluoride induced changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence, antioxidants and psb A gene expression of Brassica juncea cultivars

ABSTRACT In present study, the effects of combined Aluminium and Fluoride (AlF) stress on chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant system and psb A gene expression are first time reported in four Brassica juncea cultivars (CS-14, Pusa-Tarak, Bio-902 and Laxmi). Each cultivar was exposed to soil supplemented with AlF (0, 50 + 25, 100 + 50 and 150 + 75 mgkg−1). Lowest decline in the chlorophyll content, saturating photosynthetically active photon flux density, maximum apparent electron transport rate and effective quantum yield (PSII) under AlF was observed in Pusa-Tarak followed by CS-14, Bio-902 and Laxmi. The improved performance of the cultivar Pusa-Tarak under AlF stress was accompanied by an increase in proline level and enzymes activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. However, significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity was observed in cultivar Laxmi. We also observed that AlF inhibits psb A gene expression to a lesser extent in tolerant cultivar Pusa-Tarak in comparison to susceptible cultivar Laxmi.