Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Language Barriers on Variation and Receipt of Early State Breast Cancer Treatment: A Single Center Study at a Midwestern, Metropolitan, Safety Net Hospital

Background: Arriving at and implementing an appropriate patient centered treatment plan for early stage breast cancer requires significant dialogue between healthcare providers and patients. How language barriers affect this process has not been thoroughly explored in the literature. The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of language barrier on variation and receipt of early stage breast cancer treatment. Methods: Rates of lumpectomy, mastectomy, and contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) with or without reconstruction were compared between English speaking and Low English Proficiency (LEP) cohorts. Patients with recurrent or bilateral breast cancer, male patients, and/or known genetic mutations were excluded. Receipt of recommended treatments including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and radiation were compared between the two groups, as well as patient refusal and loss of follow-up. Regression analysis for all-cause mortality within this time period was tabulated for each group. Results: There were no significant differences between receipt of recommended treatments, patient refusal or loss of follow up between the cohorts. LEP patients had a greater proportion of lumpectomies (79.7 versus 70.7%) while 9.2% of English-speaking patients had CPM or CPM with reconstruction compared to none of the LEP patients. These trends, however, did not
Factors Influencing Intention to Purchase Using Mobile Banking with Age, Gender and Experience as Moderating Variable

This research examines the factors that influences customers to use mobile banking. In this study, the author uses quantitative research method. The total respondent use in this research are from 137 employees from University of Brawijaya. The research data and hypothesis are analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on partial least squares (PLS). The research findings indicate that intention to use mobile banking is not effected by credibility, perceived risk, trust, perceived ease of use and performance expectancy. While the moderated effects of age, gender and experience does not moderate the effects to adopt mobile banking. The higher of perceived risk, trust, perceived ease of use and performance expectancy the higher effect toward the intention to use mobile banking. While the higher credibility the lower effects toward intention to use mobile banking.
Government Size and Openness: Insights Based on Country Classifications

This study investigates the nexus between government size and openness by paying special attention to country classification. The main results of our empirical investigations show that (i) there are two government size trends meaning two different country groups exist; (ii) there is a positive relationship between trade openness and government size for the first country group, which validates the compensation hypothesis; (iii) a negative relationship between financial openness and government size is found for the second country group, which confirms the efficiency hypothesis; (iv) the effect of financial openness is nearly ten times higher than trade openness; (v) an endogenous country classification process yields better results to understand the linkages between openness and government size. In this regard our study incorporates both hypotheses and provides a uniform explanation.
Relationship of Apparent Electrical Resistivity Measured by Four-Probe Method with Water Content Distribution in Concrete

The electrical resistivity of concrete is an important value for designing electrochemical anti-corrosive methods or a durability indicator of reinforced concrete structures. It is well known that the four-probe method (the Wenner method) can be useful one for non-destructive evaluation of electrical resistivity. However, it has been pointed out that the measured results must be identified as an apparent value including the effect of water content gradient in concrete. In order to consider the engineering property of apparent electrical resistivity, this study evaluated the water content gradient dependency of the measured results by experimental approach and numerical analysis with FEM. As a result, this study explained the mechanism about the probe spacing dependency of apparent electrical resistivity of concrete with water content gradient in depth direction. Moreover, it was pointed out that the apparent electrical resistivity of concrete with water content gradient was correlated with the electrical resistivity at a depth about equal to the probe spacing, and measuring apparent electrical resistivity does not necessarily mean that the four probe method can evaluate the electrical resistivity of the immediate surface of concrete in dry conditions. In addition to this, it was recommended to compare the apparent electrical resistivities measured by several distance of the probe spacing in order to clarify the presence or absence of the effect of the water content gradient in concrete.
The Eﬀect of Aerobic Training and Caﬀeine Consumption on Lipid Proﬁle and Resting Blood Pressure in Obese Men: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Background: Overweight and obesity are dangerous factors in the incidence of many cardiovascular diseases in overweight and obese men. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the eﬀect of eight weeks of caﬀeine supplementation and aerobic training on lipid proﬁle and resting blood pressure in overweight and obese men. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 40 male volunteers aged 40 - 50 years who met the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly divided into the four groups of: (1) control, (2) caﬀeine supplementation, (3) aerobic training, and (4) training + caﬀeine supplementation. Writtenconsentwasobtainedfromallthesubjects. Groups3and4performedtrainingaccordingtothetraining protocolforeightweeksandthreesessionsperweek,andgroups2and4consumed5mg/kgcaﬀeinedaily. Datawereanalyzedusing one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test, and P value less than 0.05 was considered signiﬁcant. Results: Aerobic training as well as caﬀeine supplementation and aerobic training had a signiﬁcant eﬀect on the improvement of lipidproﬁleandmeanarterialbloodpressureinoverweightandobesemen(P ≤ 0.05), butcaﬀeinesupplementationhadnoeﬀect onanyof thelipidproﬁlevariables(i.e., LDL,HDL,CHOL,andTG)ormeanarterialbloodpressureinoverweightandobesemen(P> 0.05). Conclusions: Itseemsthataerobictrainingcanhavebeneﬁcialeﬀectsonlipidproﬁleandbloodpressureinoverweightandobese men.
Comparison of colposcopic directed biopsy and cytology in screening of pre invasive lesions and early detection of Cervical Cancer

Introduction: Cancer cervix is the most common malignancy in the developing world and second most common in the world amongst women. The easy accessibility of cervix with newer screening and diagnostic procedures has rendered it a preventable disease. Colposcopic evaluation and guided biopsy is an important diagnostic step and standard of management for abnormal cytological smear. Methods: A cross sectional study of a total of 50 patients attending gynecology OPD in Gauhati Medical College and Hospital was conducted between July 2013 & June 2014. Patients between 20-60 years were included. PAP smear, Colposcopy and Colposcopic directed Biopsy were taken from the suspicious areas. Results: On cytology 24% cases (12/50) were neoplastic. On colposcopy 28% cases (14/50) were neoplastic though on histopathology 50% cases (25/50) were neoplastic. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for PAP smear was 24%, 76%, 50% and 50% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for colposcopy was 40%, 84%, 71% and 58% respectively. Conclusion: For screening and detection of cervical lesions combination of various methods should be employed which will increase diagnostic accuracy.
The October 1985 Long Outburst of U Geminorum: Revealing the Viscous Time Scale in Long Orbital Period Dwarf Novae

We examine the AAVSO light curve of U Geminorum from 1908 to 2002, with particular focus on the October 1985 outburst. This outburst was longer than any other seen in U Gem by about a factor of 2, and appears to be unique among all dwarf nova outbursts seen in systems with orbital periods longer than 3 hr in that one can measure the decay time scale during the initial slow decay. This rate is (cid:24) 26 (cid:6) 6 d mag − 1 . Using estimates of the rate of accretion during outburst taken from Froning et al., one can show that (cid:24) 10 24 g of gas was accreted onto the white dwarf during the outburst which constrains the surface density in the outer accretion disk to be (cid:24) 600 g cm − 2 . The observed time scale for decay is consistent with that expected in U Gem, given its orbital period and disk mass at the time the outburst began. The data are not of su(cid:14)cient quality to be able to ascertain a deviation from exponentiality in the decay light curve (as in the SU Ursa Majoris stars’ superoutbursts). When coupled with the viscous time inferred from the (short orbital period) SU UMa stars, the U Gem viscous time scale lends support to the standard model in which the decays in dwarf novae can either be viscous or thermal, with the ratio between them being roughly h/r where h is the vertical pressure scale height in the disk. Indeed, dwarf novae are the only systems for which one can be reasonably certain of the identi(cid:12)cation of \viscous" and \thermal" decays.
Processing of Salted Duck Eggs with Various Flavors in Mompang Village, Padang Sidempuan

The community service was conducted in Mompang Village, Padangsidimpuan District, Angkola Julu. This activity aims to increase public knowledge and produce innovations in the processing of poultry production. Eggs are one of the livestock products that are easily damaged in storage and have a fishy taste, especially duck eggs. The utilization of natural salt and spices can produce salted eggs with a variety of aromas such as soto flavor, rendang and spicy so as to reduce fishy smell and increase egg retention. This activity was attended by 22 participants. The method used was the socialization and demonstration of making various salted roasted eggs. Based on the results of organoleptic testing, making various salted eggs is quite good to reduce the fishy flavor contained in duck eggs so that it can increase the amount of consumption, with this activity can increase public knowledge about processing livestock products.
Musical language in institutions of child education: assessment of two proposals for teacher formation infantiles: evaluación de dos propuestas para formación docente

This article assesses two studies evaluating two proposals of intervention employing the language of music in the formation of teachers for Child Education. The interventions took place in public institutions of child education from distinct cities and methodologies with the objective of developing musical language in children, and simultaneously complementing the initial formation of teachers by means of relevant knowledge. Study 1 was based on the creation and application of psycho-pedagogical material, organized by a formation program plus individual support for each one of the teachers. For Study 2, a program was produced based on the Music Learning Theory by Edwin Gordon, which was applied on teachers at a school supported by researchers from a university. The results pointed at a slight improvement in the performance of teachers from Study 1 in contrast with expressive differences in the behaviors of teachers in Study 2. This work sheds light on the formation processes currently employed in child education.
Unmet supportive care needs and its relation to quality of life among adult acute leukaemia patients in China: a cross-sectional study

Background: Patients with acute leukaemia (AL) usually require prolonged periods of hospitalisation. The treatment and clinical symptoms may lead to patients’ supportive care needs (SCNs) not being met and impairs their quality of life (QoL). Studies on QoL and SCNs among AL patients are limited. This study aimed to identify the unmet SCNs and its relation to QoL of adult AL patients in China. Methods: This multicentre cross-sectional study recruited 346 participants to complete a self-developed questionnaire, detailing demographic information and disease-related variables. A 34-item Supportive Care Needs Survey (SCNS-SF34) was used to identify unmet SCNs, and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Leukaemia (FACT-Leu) questionnaire measured patients’ QoL. Results: Unmet SCN rates for the 34 items ranged from17.6% to 81.7%. Patients’ needs were high for health systems and information, but low in the sexual domain. The results reveal nine factors associated with the unmet SCNs of adult AL patients, including marital status, original residence, age, education, occupation, other diseases, chemotherapy course, disease course, and treatment stage (p <0.05). The total score of the FACT-Leu negatively correlated with the SCNS-SF34 in the physical/daily living (r = - 0.527, p <0.01), psychological (r = - 0.688, p <0.01), sexual (r = - 0.170, p <0.01), patient care and support (r = - 0.352, p <0.01), and health systems and information (r = - 0.220, p <0.01) domains. Conclusions: Adult AL patients exhibit a high demand for unmet SCNs, especially in the domain of health systems and information. There was a significant association between patients’ unmet SCNs and QoL. Future research should develop tailored interventions to address the unmet SCNs of adult AL patients, to further improve their QoL.
International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management

Purpose – Sport mega-events have received much criticism of late. However, there has been increasing awarenessofthebrand-relatedbenefitsfromhostingasportmega-event,withtheirhostingbeingadeliberatepolicyformanynations,mostnotablyamongemergingnations.OnesuchnationisSouthAfrica,whichexplicitlystateditsnationbrandingambitionsthroughthestagingofthe2010FIFAWorldCup.Throughthissinglecase,thispaperaimstoidentifytheuniquecharacteristicsofthesportmega-eventthatwereleveragedforbenefitsofnationbranding. Design/methodology/approach – An interpretivist, qualitative study explored the insights of nation brand stakeholders and experts, elicited using in-depth, semi-structured interviews ( n (cid:2) 27) undertaken two to three years after the staging of the event. Findings – Threecharacteristicsofthe2010sportmega-eventweredeemedbystakeholderstobeuniquein creating nation branding opportunities: the scale of the event that created opportunities for transformational development; the global appeal, connection and attachment of the event; and the symbolic status of the event that was leveraged for internal brand building and public diplomacy. The paper proposes that while sport mega-events provide nation branding opportunities, the extent of these benefits may vary according to the context of the nation brand with lesser-known, troubled or emerging brands seemingly having the most to gain. Originality/value – While acknowledging the critique of mega-events, this paper highlights a pertinent example of an emerging nation that leveraged the potential of a sport mega-event for nation branding gains. It extends the understanding of sport mega-events and their potential for nation branding. Many emerging risked a great deal in betting that hosting of a mega-event can be a fast-track to world recognition and reputation enhancement, and there is considerable evidence that this bet has payoffs in positive impacts on country images and reputations as producers of products and as tourism destinations.
EFL TEACHER CANDIDATES’ INNER CIRCLE ENGLISH PREFERENCES AND THE FACTORS BEHIND THEM

The goal of the present study was to investigate English language teacher candidates‟ Inner Circle English variety (i.e., British and American English) preferences through their language use in pronunciation, vocabulary, spelling, and grammar and to examine individuals‟ opinions on the factors affecting their English variety adoption preferences in the context of Turkey. Following the adaption of the instrument employed, the data was garnered from 158 preservice English language teachers enrolled in an English teacher education program at a state university in Turkey. Chi-square goodness-of-fit tests and descriptive statistics were conducted for the quantitative data analysis, while content analysis was used for the analysis of the qualitative data. The results indicated that English language teacher candidates exhibited a strong preference for American English with respect to pronunciation and vocabulary while neither variety had an overall prevalence for spelling and grammar. Furthermore, the factors contributing to the adoption of an English variant consisted of elements such as perceived easiness of a variety, exposure to popular culture and media, attitudes towards a particular variety, and in-class factors including teachers and materials. Following the discussion in relation to the literature, the study is concluded with pedagogical implications and suggestions for future research.
OBSERVATORIES ORIGINS DEEP SURVEY FIELDS

If the Universe is dominated by cold dark matter and dark energy as in the currently popular ΛCDM cosmology, it is expected that large scale structures form gradually, with galaxy clusters of mass M & 10M⊙ appearing at around 6 Gyrs after the Big Bang (z ∼ 1). Here, we report the discovery of 59 massive structures of galaxies with masses greater than a few times 10M⊙ at redshifts between z = 0.6 and 4.5 in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey fields. The massive structures are identified by running top-hat filters on the two dimensional spatial distribution of magnitude-limited samples of galaxies using a combination of spectroscopic and photometric redshifts. We analyze the Millennium simulation data in a similar way to the analysis of the observational data in order to test the ΛCDM cosmology. We find that there are too many massive structures (M > 7× 10M⊙) observed at z > 2 in comparison with the simulation predictions by a factor of a few, giving a probability of < 1/2500 of the observed data being consistent with the simulation. Our result suggests that massive structures have emerged early, but the reason for the discrepancy with the simulation is unclear. It could be due to the limitation of the simulation such as the lack of key, unrecognized ingredients (strong non-Gaussianity or other baryonic physics), or simply a difficulty in the halo mass estimation from observation, or a fundamental problem of the ΛCDM cosmology. On the other hand, the over-abundance of massive structures at high redshifts does not favor heavy neutrino mass of ∼ 0.3 eV or larger, as heavy neutrinos make the discrepancy between the observation and the simulation more pronounced by a factor of 3 or more.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF VEGETABLE FARMERS' AWARENESS OF SAFETY MEASURES IN PESTICIDE USE IN JERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA

This study was carried out to determine the socio-economic factors influencing awareness on pesticide use and safety measures by the vegetable farmers in Jere Local Government Area, Borno State. The specific objectives were to identify the socio-economic characteristics of vegetable farmers, determine the level of awareness on pesticide use and safety practices among vegetable farmers, and determine the factors influencing vegetable farmers' awareness on pesticide use and safety measures. A two-stage sampling technique was employed to select eighty-five vegetable farmers across thirteen wards of the local government. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for the analysis. The study revealed that most of the farmers were between the age of 26 and 35 years (36%) with the majority having household size of 6 to 10 members (44%) and farm size of less than 10 acres (61%). Majority (64%) of the farmers were aware of pesticide safety use and practices (64%). Fellow farmers were the major source of information on pesticide safety use and practices (48%). The major factors that influenced awareness among the farmers were age, household size and farm size. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers' awareness on disposal of pesticide containers, mixing of pesticides should be raised through regular workshops and symposia.
Make Your

In this paper we study the impact of the income distribution on innovation through the demand for quality goods. For simplicity, we assume that there are two types of consumers, rich and poor. The income distribution is measured by the population share of the poor and the relative income of the poor. Contrary to the literature, we assume that both are interdependent through education. The larger the income difference between the poor and the rich, the more individuals undergo education, because individuals can become rich through education. Quality goods are first invented, and then produced by oligopolists. Rich consumers have a higher willingness to pay for the better quality than the poor. Hence, the firms’ profit depends on the income distribution of consumers. We focus on the separating equilibrium, where goods of different qualities are sold to different consumers. In this equilibrium, a lower relative income of the poor is good for innovation, and a larger population share of the poor is bad for innovation.