Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Oblique Distal Osteotomy of the Fifth Metatarsal for Bunionette Correction

Background: Bunionette is a common foot disorder, and several types of corrective surgery have been described. With the popularization of minimally invasive surgeries, the forefoot region has become a suitable area for this type of technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of oblique distal osteotomy of the fifth metatarsal adapted for a percutaneous approach. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 31 consecutive tailor’s bunion patients who underwent operative correction on a total of 42 feet between 2017 and 2019 after failure of conservative treatment. Clinical outcomes such as pain (visual analog scale [VAS]), function (American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society [AOFAS] Lesser Toe Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Scale scoring system), personal satisfaction, and complications were evaluated. Radiographic aspects were also examined. Shapiro and Mann-Whitney statistical tests were conducted. The average age of the patients was 69.5 years, and the average follow-up was 13.1 months. Results: After the operative procedure, there was a decrease of 6.6 points on the VAS for pain (P < .001) and an increase of 34.9 in the AOFAS score (P < .001). Radiographic correction was achieved for both the fifth metatarsophalangeal angle (P < .001) and the intermetatarsal angle (P < .001), which showed decreased values. There was 1 case of superficial infection and 2 cases of nonunion (asymptomatic). A large majority of patients regarded the procedure outcome as satisfactory. Conclusion: This percutaneous oblique distal osteotomy of the fifth metatarsal for bunionette deformity produced improvements in pain and function and a high rate of satisfaction, with a low incidence of complications and a high capacity for correcting the deformity. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.
Establishment and Survival of Different Legume and Grass Species and Cultivars at a Limestone Quarry in Greece

The establishment and survival of different legume and grass species and cultivars under various mulching practices at a limestone quarry was studied. The mulching treatments applied were: a) bare soil, b) bentonite, c) bentonite-straw, and d) asphalt-straw. Significant differences were found among species and cultivars, growing on different treatments, as far as plant growth and survival were concerned. Seed germination was higher on bentonite-straw and asphalt-straw than on bentonite but plant' survival at the end of the growing season was higher on bentonite. Among the legume species Trifolium repens and among the grass species Lolium perenne had better establishment than the other species tested at all treatments, as they had a higher seed germination rate—30.2% and 29.2%, respectively. However, at the end of the growing season Lotus corniculatus, Agropyron desertorum, and particular cultivars of Trifolium subteranneum, and Dactylis glomerata had a higher survival rate than the other species. The aforementioned species are characterized by drought resistance and it seems that they could be used for the restoration of limestone quarries, especially in semi-arid areas, where revegetation is obstructed mainly due to lack of water.
Thrombectomy Technique Predicts Outcome in Posterior Circulation Stroke-Insights from the STAR Collaboration.

BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials evaluating mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke predominantly studied anterior circulation patients. Both procedural and clinical predictors of outcome in posterior circulation patients have not been evaluated in large cohort studies. OBJECTIVE To investigate technical and clinical predictors of functional independence after posterior circulation MT while comparing different frontline thrombectomy techniques. METHODS In a retrospective multicenter international study of 3045 patients undergoing MT for stroke between 06/2014 and 12/2018, 345 patients had posterior circulation strokes. MT was performed using aspiration, stent retriever, or combined approach. Functional outcomes were assessed using the 90-d modified Rankin score dichotomized into good (0-2) and poor outcomes (3-6). RESULTS We included 2700 patients with anterior circulation and 345 patients with posterior circulation strokes. Posterior patients (age: 60 ± 14, 46% females) presented with mainly basilar occlusion (80%) and were treated using contact aspiration or ADAPT (39%), stent retriever (31%) or combined approach (19%). Compared to anterior strokes, posterior strokes had delayed treatment (500 vs 340 min, P < .001), higher national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) (17.1 vs 15.7, P < .01) and lower rates of good outcomes (31% vs 43%, P < .01). In posterior MT, diabetes (OR = 0.28, 95%CI: 0.12-0.65), admission NIHSS (OR = 0.9, 95%CI: 0.86-0.94), and use of stent retriever (OR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.11-0.62) or combined approach (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.12-1.01) vs ADAPT were associated with lower odds of good outcome. Stent retriever use was associated with lower odds of good outcomes compared to ADAPT even when including patients with only basilar occlusion or with successful recanalization only. CONCLUSION Despite similar safety profiles, use of ADAPT is associated with higher rates of functional independence after posterior circulation thrombectomy compared to stent retriever or combined approach in large "real-world" retrospective study.
Ruta graveolens and rutin, as its major compound: investigating their effect on spatial memory and passive avoidance memory in rats

Abstract Context There are numerous pharmacological activities for Ruta graveolens and its bioactive constituent, rutin, on learning and memory. Objective This study aimed to examine the effect of R. graveolens and rutin on memory in rats. Materials and methods In this study animals were treated with the hydroalcholic extract of R. graveolens and rutin by IP injection for 10 days. Behavioural and biochemical tests as well as HPLC analysis and antioxidant activity of extract have been evaluated. Results R. graveolens extract and rutin significantly increased learning and improved spatial memory, as well as secondary latency; moreover, there were significant increases in the serum and brain antioxidant capacity as well as the level of TBARS in serum and brain tissues. Results also showed that R. graveolens has significant DPPH radical scavenging effect (IC50: 159.17 ± 1.56 μg/mL). The HPLC analysis of extract showed that caffeic acid (19.92 ± 0.01), rutin (40.15 ± 0.01), and apigenin (0.84 ± 0.01) mg/g of dry extract are the main components of the extract. Discussion and conclusion Regarding the effects of R. graveolens extract and rutin on animal brain cells, memory function, and learning, additional studies, including clinical trials, might be beneficial in producing natural supplementary drugs from this herb.
Comparison of 15N2 and acetylene reduction methods for the measurement of nitrogen fixation by Baltic Sea cyanobacteria

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare nitrogen fixation rates by cyanobacteria measured by acetylene reduction and 15N2, fixation. The effect of environmental stress on the theoretical conversion factor 4 (mol C2H2 per mol N2 reduced) between the methods was studied experimentally in cultures and in field samples from the open Baltic Sea. Axenic and non-axenic laboratory cultures of Nodularia spumigena Mertens (strain BY1). Nodularia sphaerocarpa Bornet et Flahault (strain HKVV) and Aphanizomenon cf. flos-aquae Ralfs ex Bornet et Flahault (strain TR183) isolated from the Baltic Sea were used to test the effect of salinity and NH4+ concentration. The conversion factor was 0.6–4.8 for Nodularia spumigena. 2.6–11.0 for Nodulorio sphaerocarpa and 1.0–15.5 for Aphanizomenon. Changes in salinity and NH4+ concentrations did not affect the conversion factors. but the conversion factor varied among cyanobacterial strains and growth phases. The effect of sample concentration and light level on the conversio.
Aroma-Active Compounds in Skipjack Tuna Sauce

Volatile compounds in skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelanis) viscera (STV) and tuna sauce (TS) made from STV were analyzed by vacuum simultaneous distillation−solvent extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/olfactometry and aroma extract dilution analysis. Predominant odorants in STV were lipid-derived compounds, such as (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal (stale/peanut-like), (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal (cucumber-like), (E,E)-2,4-decadienal (fatty/rancid fat-like), (E)-2-nonenal (stale, bitter), and (Z)-4-heptenal (fishy/rancid), and unidenified compounds having grassy, fresh fish-like odors. In contrast to STV, potent odorants in TS were mostly thermally generated compounds such as 3-(methylthio)propanal (baked potato-/soy sauce-like), dimethyl trisulfide (cooked cabbage-like), and 3-methylbutanal (dark chocolate-like). Additional potent odorants in TS were (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, (E)-2-nonenal, phenylacetaldehyde (honeysuckle-like), and two unidentified compounds having nutty, baked potato-, vitamin-, and cooked rice-li.
Neutrophilic, Microaerophilic Fe(II)-Oxidizing Bacteria are Ubiquitous in Aquatic Habitats of a Subtropical Australian Coastal Catchment (Ubiquitous FeOB in Catchment Aquatic Habitats)

We examined the abundance and distribution of neutrophilic, microaerophilic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) in aquatic habitats of a highly weathered, subtropical coastal catchment where Fe biogeochemistry is of environmental significance. Laboratory cultivation and microscopy indicated that stalked Gallionella and sheathed Leptothrix-like FeOB were present in microbial mats associated with a circumneutral-pH, groundwater seep and streambank surface sediment, whereas unicellular FeOB were widespread in surface and subsurface waters, including a seep, shallow stream and estuary-adjacent groundwater. Direct Gallionella-specific PCR detected dominant bacterial members related to Sideroxydans paludicola (95% sequence identity, SI) and Gallionella capsiferriformans (96% SI) in the seep microbial mat. TGGE analysis indicated that the most common FeOB in water enrichment cultures were related to S. lithotrophicus (96% SI). The ubiquity of FeOB in Poona catchment aquatic habitats suggests bacterial Fe(II) oxidation is integral to catchment Fe biogeochemistry.
Analysis of the current status of pelvic floor dysfunction in urban women in Xi'an City.

BACKGROUND Female pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), a common disease affecting women, has attracted a significant amount of attention in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in recent years. Pelvic floor disorders can induce urinary incontinence, vaginal prolapse and other dysfunction, which seriously affect the quality of life of patients. This study aimed to analyze the current status of PFD in urban women in Xi'an City. METHODS A total of 1300 women in the urban area of Xi'an City were selected based on a multi-stage sampling method. A face-to-face questionnaire survey and gynecological examination were carried out, and the prevalence rates of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and PFD were calculated, Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors of PFD in urban women in Xi'an City. RESULTS The effective questionnaire recovery rate was 76.69% (997/1,300). The number of patients with SUI, POP, and SUI combined POP were 124 (55.11%), 64 (28.44%) and 37 (16.44%), respectively, and the prevalence of PFD was 22.57% (225/997). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of PFD in women with vaginal delivery, delivery times ≥2, menopause or prolonged labor was higher than that in women with cesarean section, delivery times of 1, no menopause, or no prolonged labor (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence rate of PFD in urban women in Xi'an City cannot be ignored, especially women who have experienced vaginal delivery, delivered ≥2 children, menopause, or prolonged labor. It may be necessary to prioritize these women so as to actively prevent and control PFD.
MinION Sequencing of colorectal cancer tumour microbiomes—A comparison with amplicon-based and RNA-Sequencing

Recent evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiome in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. In this study we compare MinION sequencing with meta-transcriptomics and amplicon-based sequencing for microbiome analysis of colorectal tumour tissue samples. DNA and RNA were extracted from 11 colorectal tumour samples. RNA-Sequencing, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and MinION genomic sequencing was carried out and resulting data used as input for taxonomic classification using Kraken2. Taxonomic concordance between the three platforms at different taxonomic levels was tested on a per sample basis. The average number of reads per sample using RNA-Sequencing was more than 129 times that generated using MinION sequencing. However, the average read length of MinION sequences was more than 13 times that of RNA or 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. 16S sequencing was less informative beyond the genus level, and both RNA-Sequencing and MinION sequencing could detect more phyla and genera in the same samples, compared to 16S sequencing. Long-read sequences generated using MinION sequencing can compensate for low numbers of reads for bacterial classification. MinION sequencing can discriminate between bacterial strains and plasmids and shows potential as a tool for microbiome sequencing of colorectal cancers in a clinical setting.
Faculty development in the COVID‐19 pandemic: So close ‐ yet so far

Conceptual advances in faculty development are broadening to emphasize the importance of relationships and social networks to faculty learning.1 In-person events traditionally provide a venue for these relationships to develop and sustain. The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic forced the rapid acceptance of online platforms as the only approach for faculty interpersonal connection. Within these virtual only conditions, a faculty development intervention was quickly created for a cohort of dispersed teaching faculty that could harness the power of relationships and social networks for faculty support and learning about the program's new format (online) and additional content (student stress).
Cerebral Hemodynamics Are Not Affected by the Size of the Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Introduction: Although patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has been implicated to play a role in the development of cerebral ischemia and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) through a cerebral steal phenomenon, there is conflicting data on the impact of PDA size on cerebral blood flow (CBF). Cerebral autoregulation is the brain’s innate protective mechanism to maintain constant CBF despite changes in blood pressure, and it is unclear if it is influenced by PDA hemodynamics. Objective: To delineate the relationship between PDA size and CBF velocity (CBFv) in premature infants. Methods: 113 premature infants born at 23–29 weeks’ gestation had echocardiograms performed during the first week after birth to evaluate for PDA. The infants were divided into 3 groups according to PDA size: none-to-small, moderate, or large. All infants had continuous recordings of umbilical artery blood pressure (ABP) and CBFv during the first week after birth. Critical closing pressure (CrCP) was calculated from ABP and CBFv tracings. Diastolic closing margin (DCM), defined as diastolic blood pressure minus CrCP, was calculated as a marker for the risk of developing IVH. Results: Infants with a large PDA (n = 16) had the lowest ABP across all phases of the cardiac cycle (systole [p = 0.003], mean [p = 0.005], and diastole [p = 0.012]) compared to infants with a moderate (n = 19) or none-to-small PDA (n = 78). Despite blood pressure being different, systolic, mean, and diastolic CBFv were not different across groups. Cerebral autoregulation, as measured during systole, was intact regardless of the PDA size. CrCP and DCM were also not different across groups. Conclusions: In this cohort, CBFv and cerebral autoregulation during systole were not influenced by PDA size. Intact cerebral autoregulation may play a role in maintaining CBFv regardless of PDA size and differences in ABP.
Prevalence of Gastroıntestınal Helmınth Parasıtes (GIHP) of dogs presented at the Unıversıty of Nıgerıa Veterınary Teachıng Hospıtal (UNVTH) between 1994-2002

Records of 908 and 739 dogs investigated for Gastro-intestinal Helminth Parasite (GIHP) at the University of Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital, UNVTH for the periods 1994-2002 and 1985-1993 respectively were studied to determine the type of GIHP commonly encountered, the influence of Age, Season, Sex, Breed, Environment (Residence) and Study Time Interval on their prevalence. Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis and Dipylidium caninum accounted for 135 (14.87%), 67 (7.38%) and 17 (1.87%) respectively between 1994-2002 187 (25.30%), 104 (14.07%) and 77 (10.42%) respectively between 1985-1993. There was a strong association between the age-group, breed, study time interval and environment (residence) respectively with the Prevalence while the variation in sex and season was not significant (P>0.05). The Public Health importance of these GIHP of dogs are discussed and recommendations to facilitate similar retrospective studies are made. KEY WORDS: Gastrointestinal, Helminths, Dog, Ancylostoma, Toxocara, Dipylidium Nigerian Veterinary Journal Vol.25(1) 2004: 21-25
Chromosomal Evolution of Bromeliaceae

This paper presents the chromosomal number of 18 species of Bromeliaceae occurring in Brazil, which belong to the Neoregleia, Cryptanthus, Canistropsis, Canistrum, Hohenbergia, Orthophytum and Witrockia genera. The results display the 2n=50 diploid number for the majority of the species, 2n=34 for the Cryptanthus species and 2n=100 for Orthophytum amoenum. B chromosomes were observed in Hohenbergia pennae. This is the first register for 14 species and the new counting for Neoregelia carolinae, Neoregelia cruenta, Canistropsis microps and Cryptanthus beuckeri. The chromosomal counting in this work agree with the basic number x=25 for the majority of the species and x=17 for the Cryptanthus ones.
Estrogen regulates the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in differentiated airway epithelial cells

There is marked sexual dimorphism in the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Here we report that estrogen can regulate the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a key component for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell entry, in differentiated airway epithelial cells. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms by which sex steroids regulate SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.
Thrombus NET content is associated with clinical outcome in stroke and myocardial infarction

Objective To investigate whether immune cell composition and content of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in relation to clinical outcome are different between acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we performed histologic analysis and correlated results with clinical and procedural parameters. Methods We retrieved thrombi from patients with AIS (n = 71) and AMI (n = 72) during endovascular arterial recanalization and analyzed their immune cell composition and NET content by immunohistology. We then associated thrombus composition with procedural parameters and outcome in AIS and with cardiac function in patients with AMI. Furthermore, we compared AIS thrombi with AMI thrombi and differentiated Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classifications to address potential differences in thrombus pathogenesis. Results Amounts of leukocytes (p = 0.133) and neutrophils (p = 0.56) were similar between AIS and AMI thrombi. Monocytes (p = 0.0052), eosinophils (p < 0.0001), B cells (p < 0.0001), and T cells (p < 0.0001) were more abundant in stroke compared with AMI thrombi. NETs were present in 100% of patients with AIS and 20.8% of patients with AMI. Their abundance in thrombi was associated with poor outcome scores in patients with AIS and with reduced ejection fraction in patients with AMI. Conclusion In our detailed histologic analysis of arterial thrombi, thrombus composition and especially abundance of leukocyte subsets differed between patients with AIS and AMI. The presence and amount of NETs were associated with patients' outcome after AIS and AMI, supporting a critical impact of NETs on thrombus stability in both conditions.
Measuring Inflammatory Foot Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Development and Validation of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Foot Disease Activity Index–5

Omission of foot joints from composite global disease activity indices may lead to underestimation of foot and overall disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and under‐treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement properties of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Foot Disease Activity Index–5 (RADAI‐F5), a newly developed patient‐reported outcome measure for capturing foot disease activity in people with RA.
Search for multiple myeloma risk factors using Mendelian randomization.

The etiology of multiple myeloma (MM) is poorly understood. Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of multiple phenotypes can be exploited in a Mendelian randomization (MR) phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to search for factors influencing MM risk. We performed an MR-PheWAS analyzing 249 phenotypes, proxied by 10 225 genetic variants, and summary genetic data from a GWAS of 7717 MM cases and 29 304 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) per 1 standard deviation increase in each phenotype were estimated under an inverse variance weighted random effects model. A Bonferroni-corrected threshold of P = 2 × 10-4 was considered significant, whereas P < . 05 was considered suggestive of an association. Although no significant associations with MM risk were observed among the 249 phenotypes, 28 phenotypes showed evidence suggestive of association, including increased levels of serum vitamin B6 and blood carnitine (P = 1.1 × 10-3) with greater MM risk and ω-3 fatty acids (P = 5.4 × 10-4) with reduced MM risk. A suggestive association between increased telomere length and reduced MM risk was also noted; however, this association was primarily driven by the previously identified risk variant rs10936599 at 3q26 (TERC). Although not statistically significant, increased body mass index was associated with increased risk (OR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.99-1.22), supporting findings from a previous meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Our study did not provide evidence supporting any modifiable factors examined as having a major influence on MM risk; however, it provides insight into factors for which the evidence has previously been mixed.