Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of helmet on the prevention of maxillofacial fractures sustained during motorcycle accidents

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of half-coverage helmet use in motorcycle accidents and to investigate the difference in neuron-specific enolase serum levels in helmeted and unhelmeted person who had sustained maxillofacial fractures during motorcycle accidents. A total of 48 subjects (22 helmeted and 26 unhelmeted) sustained maxillofacial fractures were divided into three parts: upper, middle, and lower facial. All patients were scored using the Glasgow Coma Scale upon arrival at the hospital. The most prevalent maxillofacial fracture site in helmeted group was the mid-face (40.9%) and the upper-middle-lower face (26.9%) in unhelmeted group. There was no statistical significant difference between neuron-specific enolase serum levels in helmeted group (11.52 mg/ml) compared to unhelmeted group (14.49 ng/ml) (p > 0.05). Half-coverage helmets provided motorcyclists with only limited protection in the head and facial areas. Unhelmeted motorcycle riders sustained comparable injuries compared to half-coverage helmet users.
Changes in Dietary Consistency and the Epidemiological Occlusal Transition

Malocclusion is the misalignment of the human dentition and craniofacial complex. Orthodontic treatment to correct this is quite common in modern Western contexts, and has variable prevalence in other areas as well. The archaeological record stands in stark contrast, with most past humans having teeth that align well. What could cause different populations to exhibit these characteristics? There is evidence in both modern and archaeological contexts that levels of dietary masticatory stimulation during development greatly change occlusal characteristics. Additional bite force and number of chewing cycles creates a flatter Curve of Spee, greater subnasal prognathism, and increased progressive tooth wear, which together facilitate better occlusion. With dietary changes such as those seen in the Industrial Revolution, the comparatively softer food creates widespread malocclusion in the effected population. These ideas are explored in terms of archaeological and contemporary case studies. Health transitions such as this commonly coincide with major changes to subsistence style, and can help biological anthropologists better understand the experiences of those in the past.
Exosomal miR-196b-5p is a potential diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer with metachronous liver metastasis

Background: Accumulating data indicate that exosome-delivered microRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, little is known about the influence of exosomal miR-196b-5p in the liver metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: A total of 49 patients with non-liver metastases (NLM) CRC, 51 patients with synchronous liver metastases (SLM) and 50 patients with metachronous liver metastases (MLM) were enrolled and followed up in this study. Serum exosomal miR-196b-5p was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA199 levels were detected by electrochemiluminescence. Then, outcomes of overall survival (OS) of CRC patients were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Finally, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of serum exosomal miR-196b-5p, CEA and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) levels in CRC patient with liver metastases were assessed. Results: Serum exosomal miR-196b-5p was elevated in CRC patients and associated with liver metastases. Moreover, exosomal miR-196b-5p was positively correlated with CEA and CA199 in CRC patient with MLM. Additionally, CRC patients with higher levels of both serum exosomal miR-196b-5p and CEA, or both serum exosomal miR-196b-5p and CA199 showed a shorter OS. ROC analysis of serum exosomal miR-196b-5p in patients with SLM and MLM showed that the area under curve (AUC) were 0.6743 (95% CI: 0.5666–0.7820), higher than CEA [0.6294 (95% CI: 0.5197–0.7391)] and CA199 [0.5559 (95% CI: 0.4428–0.6689)], respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that serum exosomal miR-196b-5p could be a good diagnostic marker for CRC patient with MLM.
Antiviral and therapeutic uses of medicinal plants and their derivatives against dengue viruses

Dengue fever (DF) is occurring worldwide, and it has emerged as a global health threat due to high mortality and morbidity, specifically in tropical and subtropical regions. The World Health Organization has deep concerned to this disease being a large section of population affected. Around 2.5 billion peoples are at risk of dengue virus (DENV). Over 100 countries including Europe and the United states are affected due to DENV. DF is the most widespread viral disease. There are four different serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4) of DENV but now discovered DENV-5 serotype also. DENV is transmitted from person to person by the bite of infected female Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito. Unfortunately, there are no effective approved anti-dengue agents and vaccine to treat viral infection. Researchers have paid attention toward medicinal plants in search of natural compounds which can be used as anti-dengue. Therefore, our focus is on the extract of medicinal plants which may be more effective, safer, and less toxic than synthetic drugs. In the present review paper, the brief description of 35 medicinal plants which possess anti-dengue activity has been documented along with their active components. This study will be helpful to establish that natural products may have good potential source of new anti-dengue compounds.
Patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical care services provided at primary-level and secondary-level health facilities in Indonesia’s health coverage system

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine patient expectation and perception of pharmaceutical care services in order to measure the level of patient satisfaction provided by Indonesia’s health coverage (IHC) system. Design/methodology/approach A patient satisfaction survey was conducted at primary-level and secondary-level health facilities operating under IHC system. The assessment was performed using a closed-ended questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The patients’ point of view was evaluated based on their expectation and perception of six dimensions of the pharmaceutical care services they had received. Patient satisfaction was calculated based on the gap between their expectation and their perception. Findings A total of 602 patients participated in this research. The levels of the patients’ expectation of the pharmaceutical care services provided at primary-level health facilities range from high (3.39) to very high (3.54), whereas at secondary-level health facilities, the range was from low (2.04) to very high (3.75). This indicates that patients have a higher expectation of the provided pharmaceutical care services compared to the actual experience of the healthcare services that they received, resulting in a low value in the measurement of patient satisfaction levels. Originality/value The high level of patient expectation is an opportunity for pharmacists at both primary-level and secondary-level health facilities to continue developing pharmaceutical care services. Improving drug information service, patient counseling and reducing patient waiting time can be good ways to increase patient satisfaction within pharmaceutical care services.
The Effect of Horseback Riding Simulator on Static Balance of Cerebral Palsy

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of using a horseback riding simulation on static balance in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: This study was conducted with 30 children with cerebral palsy at levels Ι∼IV in the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), who were randomly divided into a control group and a hippotherapy group. Both the control group and the experimental group received NDT for 30 minutes per session, four times per week, for ten weeks, while the experimental group also received hippotherapy, 15 minutes per session, four times per week, for ten weeks, after the neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT). The horseback riding simulators JOBA (JEU7805, Panasonic, 일본 ) used in this study simulated actual horse movements; static balance was measured in each group before the exercise and five weeks and ten weeks after the beginning of the exercise using a pedoscan system (Diers Pedo, Germany). Results: The intergroup effects on static balance were tested, and the results showed no significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion: The horseback riding simulation exercise was shown to be effective for the static balance of children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, additional studies should be conducted with more children with CP divided according to type.
Prognostic Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Metastasis

Breast cancer treatment has improved rapidly through the years, starting from surgery, to hormonal therapy, to targeted therapy. Despite this, tumor metastasis remains the highest cause of breast cancer–related death. The current regime to deter metastasis is through adjuvant therapy, but such therapy frequently yields undesirable side effects. As such, prognostic markers for metastasis are important to stratify patients for adju- vant therapy so as to ameliorate the standard of living of patients with low metastatic potential. So far, only a few well-characterized prognostic biomarkers for metastasis are used in clinics. This chapter will cover both established and novel prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer metastasis and metastatic breast cancer prognosis. The potential of using these biomarkers as predictive biomarkers or new targeted therapy will also be discussed.
The Reproductive Ecology and Biology of the Pill-box Crab: Halicarcinus cookii (Brachyura: Hymenosomatidae) Filhol, 1885

i This study investigates the reproductive strategies of the pill-box crab, Halicarcinus cookii on the Kaikoura Peninsula, New Zealand. Various aspects essential to understanding reproductive strategies were examined including growth, population dynamics, reproductive biology and mating behaviour. H. cookii exhibits obvious sexual dimorphism such that females develop wide abdomens forming brood chambers, and males tend to grow larger than females and have larger chelipeds in relation to body size. H. cookii allocates energy into growth and reproduction in separate phases of its life cycle where growth ceases as reproductive maturity begins due to a terminal/pubertal moult. Despite the presence of ovigerous females throughout the 15 month sampling period, the population was highly seasonal, with peaks in recruitment and growth occurring primarily during the winter months and peaks in numbers of mature individuals during the summer months. Reproductive output increased with body size in H. cookii, as larger females produced more eggs and larger males transferred more sperm than their smaller counterparts. Ovaries matured prior to the terminal/pubertal moult (anecdysis) and, in multiparous females, in synchrony with brood development, allowing females to produce broods in quick succession, maximising their reproductive output in their short life span (approximately 12-18 months, 6 months as an adult). Incubation duration of broods decreased as seawater temperature increased, suggesting that temperature is the primary cause of the seasonal population cycling. Sperm storage allowed females to produce at least 4 fertilised broods without remating. Some sperm mixing in the spermathecae appeared to occur and the ventraltype structure implies last male sperm precedence. Males therefore preferentially mated with females closest to laying a new brood and guarded them longer than other females to ensure their paternity. Guarding duration varied according to the sex ratio allowing males to maximise their reproductive output.
The Association Between Migraine, Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Obesity in Women: A Case-Control Study

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between migraines and obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic syndrome in female migraineurs. Methods: A total of 141 female patients who experience migraines and a control group of 141 sex- and age-matched individuals who do not were enrolled in this case-control study. The migraine group was composed of patients from the Gebze Fatih Community Hospital (Kocaeli, Turkey) neurology outpatient service and the control group included hospital staff and friends who volunteered to participate. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Migraine was designated as a dependent variable. Family history of migraine, stroke, metabolic syndrome, cardiac disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus; cigarette use; alcohol consumption; and the presence of hypertension, IR, hypertriglyceridemia, low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), central obesity, metabolic syndrome; as well as homeostasis model assessment and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index results were selected as independent variables. Results: The mean waist circumference, mean height, mean weight, and central obesity were greater in the control group (p=0.009, 0.004, 0.036, and 0.015, respectively). A multivariate logistic regression model of migraine presence showed that a family history of migraine (odds ratio [OR]: 1.542, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.451-8.905; p<0.0001), family history of stroke (OR: 1.043, 95% CI: 1.214-6.633; p=0.016), and no central obesity (OR: -0.705, 95% CI: -0.290-0.843; p=0.010) were statistically significant variables in our study. Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that IR and metabolic syndrome were not associated with migraine in women. There was an inverse relationship between central obesity and migraine. Additional research with larger participant groups should be performed to further explore the complex relationship between migraine, obesity, IR, and metabolic syndrome.
Pulsatilla

appearance of a calyx. The herb contains a peculiar crystallisable principle, named anemonin, convertible into anemonic acid by the action of alkalies. Anemonin is deposited by water distilled from the fresh herb upon standing, and resembles camphor. As regards its medical properties and uses, the same authority states that we have exact knowledge. It has been employed in Germany and other parts of Europe for the relief of amenorrhcea and dysmenorrhea, and for other pur-
ANEMIA GIZI BESI PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN BANYUMAS

Iron deficiency anemia in adolescents still be a problem. If it untreated, it will continue into adulthood and contribute greatly to maternal mortality, premature birth, and low birth weight babies. The aim of this studi was to determine the risk factors on the incidence of adolescent girls iron deficiency anemia in urban and rural areas Banyumas. This study conducted with cross sectional approach to 120 sample of adolescent girls who study at the high school. Data knowledge of nutrition and body image obtained through questionnaires, consumption obtained through food recall, Hemoglobin levels with test strips, and analysis by chi square test and multiple logistic regression. The samples of the study, 70 came from urban and 50 were from rural, 92.9% of urban adolescent girls and 76% of adolescent girls in rural sample anemic. Bivariate analysis showed that factors associated with the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls in urban were protein intake and iron intake. Multivariate showed that the most factor on the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in urban was protein intake. We expected Dinas Kesehatan to have a collaboration with the Dinas Pendidikan to solve the problem of adolescent anemia
A comparative study of subcuticular and interrupted stitches for episiotomy

Background: Perineal pain is the most common complaint after episiotomy. For more than 70 years researchers have been suggesting that ‘continuous non-locking suture techniques’ for repair of the vagina, perineal muscle and skin are associated with less perineal pain than ‘traditional interrupted methods’. The objective of the present study was to compare the two techniques of episiotomy closure in patients after vaginal delivery with mediolateral episiotomy.Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asian Institute of medical sciences, Faridabad. The duration of study was from July 2017 to August 2017. Total 50 patients were selected and randomly divided in two groups. This was a prospective comparative study between continuous and interrupted suturing used for episiotomy repair.Results: Continuous suturing technique requires lesser number of suture material, needs lesser time and is associated with lesser pain experience.Conclusions: It was concluded from the present study that continuous suturing technique is more economical and causes lesser morbidity than the interrupted suturing technique.
Oral Midazolam Vs Promethazine as Pre Sedation Medication in Pediatric Dentistry

Objectives Pre- and post-sedation effect of oral Midazolam to promethazine in2-6 yrs old fearful children for dental treatment Methods This randomized clinical trial was carried out on a group of 26 children aged 2-6 years referred to the dental school due to their fear and multiple dental needs. Patients were selected from ASA I or II classification and scored 1 in Frankl Behavior scale. Each patient was scheduled for two subsequent visits to receive one of the two pre medications before IV sedation. Each patient served as self-control and randomly assigned to either group A: receiving Midazolam oral as premed in 1 st visit or group B: receiving Promethazine oral as the premed in 1 st visit. Six hour NPO was instructed prior to sedation visit. Monitoring vital signs were conducted at every 15 minutes starting with base line before any drug administration. Sedation score was recorded using Houpt Sedation scale. Post sedation problems were recorded by operator. Data were analyzed using Student t test and Kruskal Wallis. Results No significant difference was noted between the patient perceptions at the two different visits. Children did not show a significant difference on symptoms such as Crying, Movement, Sleep and overall behavior in two visits at the first 15 minutes of sedative injection. Post-operative complications were having no significant difference. Lower sickness and vomiting were reported following promethazine intake. Conclusion Promethazine seems to be as effective and as acceptable premedication as Midazolam in pediatric dentistry.
Comparative Study of Three Sedative Techniques During Shock Wave Lithotripsy.

Background: Many authors found that dexmedetomidine is an effective, safe drug for sedation during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Dexmedetomidine is a lipophilic α2- agonist ,which sedates patients by reducing sympathetic activity and the level of arousal ,thus patients lie calmly in beds but are easily roused to full consciousness. In the present study, the sedative, haemodynamics, and respiratory effects, and recovery time of dexmedetomidine and dexmedetomidine/fentanyl combination were compared to one of the commonly used sedative analgesic regimen (midazolam/fentanyl) in patients undergoing lithotripsy. Methods: Sixty ASA I - II patients undergoing (ESWL) were divided into three equal groups and were randomized to receive either dexmedetomidine (dex group), dexmedetomidine fentanyl combination (dex/fentanyl group) or midazolam fentanyl (midazolam/fentanyl group) . In dex group: Initial loading dose of dex 1 μg/kg was infused for 10 min followed by continuous infusion 0.1-0.7 μg/kg/h. In dex/fentanyl group, initial dose of 1 μg/kg dex was infused over 10 min followed by continuous infusion 0.1-0.7 μg/kg/h. At the same time, fentanyl infusion started 1 μg/kg over 10 min. In midazolam/fenatnyl group, midazolam 0.05 mg/kg and fentanyl 1 μg/kg were infused over 10 min followed by continuous infusion of normal saline. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and respiratory rate were recorded. Pain intensity was evaluated with a visual analog scale. Depth of sedation was monitored using Ramsay sedation score (RSS). Recovery time, rescue analgesic and sedative were recorded. Results: In all groups, no significant changes in oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were observed. In dex and dex/fentanyl groups there was a significant decrease in heart rate and mean arterial pressure during and post procedure. Supplemental fentanyl was required in 80% of patients in dex group to achieve a satisfactory level of analgesia (vs. 25% of patients in dex/fentanyl group and 40% of patients in midazolam/fentanyl group). Also 70% of patients in dex group received rescue midazolam vs. 15% in dex/fentanyl group and 20% in midazolam/fentanyl group. Time to home readiness was longer in dex,and dex/fentanyl groups than in midazolam/fentanyl group(80, 75, and 44 min), respectively. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine alone does not appear to be suitable for sedation in patients undergoing ESWL. Combination of dexmedetomidine with fentanyl can be used safely and effectively for sedation and analgesia during ESWL, so it could be an alternative to conventional midazolam/fentanyl regimen but it is associated with longer recovery time.
Potentiating Effects of Malnutrition on Child Mortality: Epidemiologic Evidence and Policy Implications

The physiological synergism between malnutrition and infection has been recognized for some time, its implications have not been addressed in current child survival policies and programmes. A recent analysis of 28 epidemiologic studies of the malnutrition-mortality relationship concluded that the relationship is consistent across diverse world populations; a significant effect exists of mild to moderate malnutrition (MMM), as well as of severe malnutrition; and the effect is not simply due to confounding by socioeconomic factors or inter-current illness. In addition, evidence supports the hypothesis that malnutrition and infection have multiplicative effects on child mortality, not the additive effects implicitly assumed. An empirically based model suggests that by potentiating infection, malnutrition accounts for 56% of child deaths, 83% of which are due to MMM. These estimates are far higher than conventional figures that do not take account of potentiation and MMM.