Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influences Of System Affiliation, Size, And Location On Bioterrorism Preparedness Among Florida Hospitals

In the event of a bioterrorist attack, emergency departments are considered the first line of response for all acute levels of care. This study focused on hospital emergency departments in Florida and the activities, policies, and procedures involved in preparing for a bioterrorist attack. Hospital size, location, and system affiliation were related to attaining these levels, and their impact was assessed. Through a cross-sectional survey design, the physical properties of the 77 hospitals (i.e. facilities, equipment, communication systems, etc.), and the social characteristics of the organizations (managerial functions including: planning, training, financial, and environmental characteristics) were examined. One-way analysis of variance and t-tests revealed that bed size was a significant predictor of mean levels of preparedness. In addition, although more hospitals are conducting training activities, a disconnect between plans and communications of said plans still exists along with many deficiencies still needing to be corrected. Study limitations are discussed and important policy implications are presented. Suggestions for improving preparedness levels and implementing new policies include: conducting training exercises, developing community ties and mutual aid agreements, and using information technology with detection of an event and communication of the information garnered from these efforts.
Ethnicizing the republic: the strange career of the concept of republican citizenship in Israel

ABSTRACT The scholarship on republicanism has moved away from perfectionist and communitarian to neo-Roman interpretations of the tradition, but the scholarship on citizenship in Israel has taken a different turn: republican citizenship has come to be identified with an unusual, ethnicized conception of it, sometimes described as ‘ethnorepublicanism’. This article critically discusses the ethnicization of the concept of republican citizenship in Israel Studies. The first part reconstructs how the concept of ethnorepublican citizenship, originally used to criticize the unequal status of Palestinian citizens in Israel, has morphed into an ideological justification of unequal citizenship. The second part argues that ethnorepublicanism rejects the republican commitment to the equal liberty of citizens and thus constitutes a perverse form of republicanism. The development of Israeli ethnorepublicanism illustrates the worrying potential of republican citizenship to be integrated into agendas of exclusionary nationalism and calls for further work on republicanism in multi-ethnic societies.
Factors influencing eruption time of first deciduous tooth.

305 ISSN Online 0719-2479 www.joralres. com © 2019 [E pu b a he ad of pr int ] Abstract: Introduction: Deciduous teeth play an important role in proper growth. Tooth eruption is a complicated process in which different mechanisms are involved. Early or delayed tooth eruption depends on different factors, with the impact of some already established. There are apparent controversy regarding the effect of some factors on time of the first deciduous tooth eruption among the conducted studies. The current study aimed to evaluate factors affecting the time of the first deciduous tooth eruption. Materials and Methods: One hundred and sixty eligible infants referring to the healthcare centers of Tabriz, Iran, were randomly selected; the demographic data including weight and height at birth, head circumference, mother’s age and level of education, birth rank in the family and type of feeding were recorded, in addition to the time of the first deciduous tooth eruption. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 by ANOVA and t test.Results: Out of 54.1% female and 45.9% male participating infants, 78.3% had normal weight at birth. Results showed a significant relationship between weight at birth and timing of the first deciduous tooth eruption, among the evaluated factors. Conclusions: Although no significant relationship was observed between gender, type of feeding, mother’s level of education and birth rank in the family, and time of the first deciduous tooth eruption, there was a significant relationship between the weight at birth and the timing of the first deciduous tooth eruption. Infants with higher or lower abnormal weight at birth had delayed deciduous tooth eruption.
Explanation of household car ownership with proximity to train stations : Quantification of household car ownership with proximity to train stations and a determination where parking standards in urban areas can be improved in the Netherlands

In the Netherlands, parking standards are one of the factors that form a barrier to the development of housing. High building costs, in combination with the number of required parking places, result in less housing development than required or planned (REBEL, 2016). Although public transport is one of the explaining factors of a mismatch of parking standards and car ownership; there still lacks a quantification of the effect of proximity to train stations on car ownership in the Netherlands. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the influence of train stations on household car ownership to develop recommendations to improve parking standards in urbanised residential areas in the Netherlands. So, the main research question is the following: What is the influence of proximity to train stations on household car ownership, and how can this relationship be used to improve parking standards in urbanised residential areas in the Netherlands?
Race, Gender, and Homelessness Stigma: Effects of Perceived Blameworthiness and Dangerousness

ABSTRACT Males and black persons are overrepresented among the homeless population and experience differential trajectories in homelessness and access to services. However, research has not fully examined the extent to which the race and sex of homeless persons affect stigmatizing responses toward them. Drawing on stigma and attribution theories and using data from experimental vignettes administered to a sample of public university students (n = 195), we examine the effects of the race and gender of homeless persons on perceptions of blameworthiness, dangerousness, and social distance. We find that black and male homeless persons are perceived as more dangerous, but not more blameworthy. Both perceived dangerousness and blameworthiness are associated with increased desired social distance. Also, we find that subjects who are more politically conservative desire greater social distance from homeless persons because they consider them more blameworthy and more dangerous.
26 The prognosis in palliative care ii (PIPS2): recruitment data collected during the first year of a multi-centre, prospective, observational cohort study

Introduction More accurate methods of prognostication are likely to lead to improvements in the quality of care of patients approaching the ends of their lives. The Prognosis in Palliative care Scales (PiPS) predict survival in terms of ‘days’, ‘weeks’ or ‘months’ and have been shown to perform as well as, or better than Clinician Estimates of Survival (CES). 1 Aims a) To validate PiPS in a new cohort of patients and b) to evaluate the accuracy of other prognostic tools.2,3 Methods This is a national, multi-centre, prospective, observational cohort study, aiming to recruit 1780 patients via palliative care services (PCS). Eligible patients have advanced, incurable cancer who have recently been referred to PCS. Patients with or without capacity are included in the study. The primary outcome is the accuracy of PiPS predictions and the difference in accuracy between these predictions and the CES. The secondary outcomes include the accuracy of predictions by the Palliative Prognostic Score, Palliative Prognostic Index, Palliative Performance Scale, and the Feliu Prognostic Nomogram compared with actual patient survival and CES. Results Within 10 months of recruitment, 5699 patients were screened across 27 recruiting sites. Of those, 1608 were approached to participate in the study and 940 were recruited (812 patients with and 128 patients without capacity). Updated recruitment figures and a breakdown of the reasons for ineligibility, inability to approach patients and refusal to consent will be presented. Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility of recruiting large numbers of participants to a prospective palliative care study. References . Gwilliam B, Keeley V, Todd C, Roberts C, Gittins M, Kelly L, Barclay S, Stone P. Prognosticating in patients with advanced cancer-observational study comparing the accuracy of clinicians’ and patients‘ estimates of survival. Ann Oncol2013;24(2):482–488available from: PM:23028038. Kim ES, Lee JK, Kim MH, Noh HM, Jin YH.Validation of the prognosis in palliative care study predictor models in terminal cancer patients. Korean J Fam Med2014;35(6):283–294available from: PM:25426276 . Stone PC, Lund S. Predicting prognosis in patients with advanced cancer. AnnOncol2007;18(6):971–976available from: PM:17043092
Intermolecular Interactions in Molecular Organic Crystals upon Relaxation of Lattice Parameters

Crystal structure prediction is based on the assumption that the most thermodynamically stable structure will crystallize first. The existence of other structures such as polymorphs or from counterenantiomers requires an accurate calculation of the electronic energy. Using atom-centered Gaussian basis functions in periodic Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations in Turbomole, the performance of two dispersion-corrected functionals, PBE-D3 and B97-D, is assessed for molecular organic crystals of the X23 benchmark set. B97-D shows a MAE (mean absolute error) of 4 kJ/mol, compared to 9 kJ/mol for PBE-D3. A strategy for the convergence of lattice energies towards the basis set limit is outlined. A simultaneous minimization of molecular structures and lattice parameters shows that both methods are able to reproduce experimental unit cell parameters to within 4–5%. Calculated lattice energies, however, deviate slightly more from the experiment, i.e., by 0.4 kJ/mol after unit cell optimization for PBE-D3 and 0.5 kJ/mol for B97-D. The accuracy of the calculated lattice energies compared to the experimental values demonstrates the ability of current DFT methods to assist in the quest for possible polymorphs and enantioselective crystallization processes.
Epoxy resin/cyanate ester composites containing DOPO and wollastonite with simultaneously improved flame retardancy and thermal resistance

Flame-retardant epoxy (EP) resin/cyanate ester (CE) composites were prepared with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) and wollastonite (Wo). The combustion behavior of the flame-retardant EP/CE composites was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, and cone calorimeter tests. It is found that the EP/CE composite containing 7 wt% DOPO and 3 wt% Wo (sample 7DO/3Wo/EP/CE) exerts the best flame retardancy (LOI 35.5% and UL-94 V-0 rating). The peak heat release rate and total heat release of sample 7DO/3Wo/EP/CE increase slightly, while total smoke release decreases about 14% compared with the EP/CE composite containing 10 wt% DOPO (sample 10DO/EP/CE). Thermal studies indicate that the glass transition temperature and temperature at 5% mass loss of sample 7DO/3Wo/EP/CE are higher than that of sample 10DO/EP/CE. Moreover, the mechanical properties of EP/CE composites were investigated.
Farmers' willingness to purchase crop insurance: evidence from wheat and raspberry sectors in Serbia

Crop insurance is widely acknowledged to be a valuable instrument contributing to sustainability of agriculture by reducing the risks associated with crop production and by stabilizing farmers’ income. Despite the importance of the agricultural sector for the Serbian economy, level of crop insurance development is low. Therefore, there is a need to identify which characteristics most affect a farmer’s decision regarding whether or not to use this type of insurance. In this study, a sample of 255 farmers producing wheat and raspberry in the regions of Vojvodina and Sumadija and Western Serbia were interviewed using structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using the binomial logistic regression to ascertain the effects of selected socio-economic and risk perception variables on the likelihood that farmer plans to purchase crop insurance. Farmer’s willingness to purchase crop insurance was found to be significantly inﬂuenced by age, farm size, income and perceived level of risk.
Reconciling early-outbreak estimates of the basic reproductive number and its uncertainty: framework and applications to the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak

A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged as a global threat in December 2019. As the epidemic progresses, disease modellers continue to focus on estimating the basic reproductive number R0—the average number of secondary cases caused by a primary case in an otherwise susceptible population. The modelling approaches and resulting estimates of R0 during the beginning of the outbreak vary widely, despite relying on similar data sources. Here, we present a statistical framework for comparing and combining different estimates of R0 across a wide range of models by decomposing the basic reproductive number into three key quantities: the exponential growth rate, the mean generation interval and the generation-interval dispersion. We apply our framework to early estimates of R0 for the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, showing that many R0 estimates are overly confident. Our results emphasize the importance of propagating uncertainties in all components of R0, including the shape of the generation-interval distribution, in efforts to estimate R0 at the outset of an epidemic.
Repositioning postnatal care in a high HIV environment: Swaziland.

Recognizing the need to improve the care and follow up of mothers and infants in the postnatal period the Swaziland Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW) with support from the Horizons Program of Population Council the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) Basics Support for Institutionalising Child Survival (BASICS) and the Central Statistics Office (CSO) carried out an operations research project to reposition postnatal care (PNC) within the context of a high HIV environment. The objectives of the study were to determine if changes to the sexual and reproductive health guidelines on postnatal care would result in the timely and quality provision of key components of essential maternal and newborn care in the postnatal period increase utilization of postnatal care services among all postpartum (PP) women and improve the care and follow up of HIV-positive postpartum women and their infants. The study confirms that the introduction of an improved postnatal package with revised timing and content provides key components of maternal newborn and HIV care and increases the utilization of services among postpartum women and their infants. Postpartum women were three times more likely to attend PNC within one week of delivery post-intervention. An assessment of the quality of care during client-provider interactions for all postpartum women demonstrated a fourfold increase in the proportion that included all aspects of care: maternal and newborn health counseling for HIV family planning and improved provider-client relationships. Facilities are prepared to provide new postnatal care package. Health provider knowledge increased in several areas. More information was given to pregnant women during late pregnancy about the postnatal period. Women and their babies received better postnatal care. A higher proportion of postpartum women were breastfeeding post-intervention. The strong PMTCT program maintained a high proportion of women testing for HIV and receiving ART. More women? s partners were testing for HIV and sharing their results. There was an increased use of care and support services by HIV-positive postpartum women and their infants. More women were asked about family planning by health care providers. The new postnatal package was well received by clients. Providers were receptive to new postnatal package. Sustaining new PNC package requires addressing barriers. (Excerpts)
“PREVALENCE OF ISOLATED HYPERTENSION AMONG ELDERLY PATIENTS ATTENDING PERIPHERAL HEALTH CENTRE OF TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF INDIA.”

Background: In this modern era, chronic non communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major global health challenge with numerous grave complications on the human body. Old age population tends to carry risk of almost all kind of diseases including non communicable diseases. Hypertension is one of biggest well known risk factor for many of non-communicable diseases usually found in the outdoor patients. Method: This cross sectional study was undertaken to provide the data on the Prevalence & Pattern of hypertension amongst patients who were aged 60 years & above and who attended the Out Patients Department of the Rural Health & Training Centre of tertiary care hospital of Chandigarh city of India. Results: Majority of patients belonging to age group 60-69 years were found to be diastolic hypertensive (24.46%). Majority of male patients were found to be diastolic hypertensive (28.43%) (P< 0.05). More of less same trend was found among female patients. Conclusion: Hypertension was found to be highly prevalent among the outdoor elderly patients of Rural Health & Training Centre of Chandigarh, India. This study warrants the need of an early detection of hypertension, which can be accomplished by a periodic screening of the people. Keywords: Hypertension; Elderly; India.
On three new species of jumping spiders of the genera Habrocestum Simon, 1876, Stenaelurillus Simon, 1886 and Tamigalesus Żabka, 1988 (Araneae, Salticidae) from Sri Lanka

Three new species of litter-dwelling jumping spiders, Habrocestum liptoni sp. nov., Stenaelurillus ilesai sp. nov., and Tamigalesus fabus sp. nov. are described from Sri Lanka. In addition, T. munnaricus is redescribed based on the new material from Sri Lanka.
Photosynthesis, Ecological Stoichiometry, and Non-Structural Carbohydrate Response to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition and Phosphorus Addition in Chinese Fir Forests

Phosphorus (P) deficiency in soil affects plant growth and primary production. Accelerated nitrogen (N) deposition can cause ecological carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry imbalance and increase the degree of relative P deficiency in the soil. However, it remains unclear how N deposition affects P uptake and C:N:P stoichiometry in coniferous timber forests, and whether P addition diminishes the effect of N-induced P limitation on plant growth. From January 2017 to April 2018, we investigated the effects of nine different N and P addition treatments on 10-year old trees of Chinese fir, Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. Our results demonstrated that N and P additions at a high concentration could improve the photosynthetic capacity in Chinese fir by increasing the chlorophyll content and stimulating the photosynthesis activity. The C:N:P stoichiometry varied with the season under different N and P addition treatments, indicating that N addition at a moderate concentration could diminish the effect of the P limitation on the growth of Chinese fir. The soluble sugar content in the leaves displayed more stable seasonal variations, compared with those of starch. However, the non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) content in the leaves did not vary with the season under both P and N addition treatment. The data suggested that N and P combination treatment at moderate concentrations promoted carbon assimilation by accelerating the photosynthetic rate. Thus, our results provide new insights into the adaptation mechanisms of coniferous timber forest ecosystems to the effects of N deposition under P deficiency and can help to estimate the ecological effects of environmental changes linked to human management practices.
Intranasal Versus Intravenous Naloxone in Opium Poisoning in Children, A Pilot Study

Background: Opioid poisoning is a common and fatal poisoning in children in our country. Objectives: This study was designed to compare the effects of intranasal (IN) dribbling with intravenous (IV) injection of naloxone in opioid poisoning in Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Methods: This is a prospective, clinical trial study performed on children between the ages of one to 13 years with opioid poisoning from April 2018 to April 2019 compared to IN naloxone 0.01 mg/kg dribbling versus Intravenous naloxone 0.01 mg/kg injection. Patients with nasal congestion, severe poisoning and co-ingestion were excluded. The main outcomes included GCS, response time, respiratory rate, and O2 saturation. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (IR.SBMU.RETECH.REC.1397.258) and was registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir) (IRCT20180226038869N1). Results: A total of 44 patients (22 IV and 22 IN) with a mean age of 38.2 ± 28.8 months in IV and 36.8 ± 19.7 months in the IN naloxone group, 14 methadone and eight opium poisoning in IV and 13 methadone and nine opium poisoning in the IN group. The male/female ratio was 14/8 in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in RR, GCS, and O2 saturation before naloxone administration. The IV and IN groups had similar average increases in RR, O2 saturation and GCS after naloxone administration. There was a significant difference in the time of response between the two groups (P < 0.008), 3.9 ± 3 minutes in IV group and 5.9 ± 2.9 minutes in the IN group. No complications were observed in this study. Conclusions: This study showed that Intranasal naloxone is safe, effective, and a well-tolerated needleless method for opioid poisoning in children. Although the time to response was longer in the IN groups, if we add the time needed for IV catheter insertion it seems that the IN route is faster.
Historicizing Race, Ethnicity, and the Crisis of Citizenship in Sudan and South Sudan

Abstract:This article critically outlines the discursive construction of racial and ethnic identities in Sudan and South Sudan, arguing its legacy is essential to understand the entanglement of state-formation, nationalism, citizenship, and political violence in both countries. Race and ethnicity were central to the colonial, nationalist, and postcolonial projects of inventing the "North" and the "South" as self-contained entities, and the politicization of race and ethnicity after independence is largely a product of "Orientalizing" cultural differences through colonial administrative rules and postcolonial policies.
#Ebola: Tweeting and Pinning an Epidemic

ABSTRACT The Ebola outbreak that started in 2014 had infected 28,652 people and taken more than 11,325 lives by spring 2016. Along with this infectious disease pandemic, a pandemic of fear surfaced, especially on social media platforms. Yet little is known about the types of communications, the larger ecological context, and the associated risk perception factors that were present in the social media discussion. This study focused on the social media platforms Twitter and Pinterest and analyzed tweets and pins through the lens of a risk communication theory, the Risk Perception Model, as well as a health behavior theory, the Health Belief Model. Large differences were found in the presence of risk perception variables and health behavior variables between the two platforms, and recommendations for public health practitioners to address fear, anger, and attitudinal biases related to Ebola are included.