Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Addressing Intersecting Social and Mental Health Needs among Transition-Aged Homeless Youth

Objective: Youth homelessness is a poorly-understood and complex social phenomenon. In this paper, we address the risk factors for homelessness in youth and underscore the unique mental health concerns that so often perpetuate the cycle of poverty and housing instability among these high-risk youth. We also discuss the gaps that exist in mental health treatment for homeless youth, and identify potential solutions to addressing the existing barriers to care. Methods: A literature review was conducted to evaluate the existing research on youth homelessness. Results: Previous studies have demonstrated high rates of trauma and subsequent mental health problems among homeless youth. Intervention studies in this population are challenging to conduct, and often have high attrition rates. The authors’ work suggests that homeless youth desire mental health services, and are especially enthusiastic about programs that address interpersonal difficulties and emotion regulation. Clinical outcome data suggest that future interventions should address trauma more directly in this population. Technology-based interventions are one potential avenue by which these needs can be addressed, and through which access to care can be maximized among homeless youth. Conclusions: Future research on homeless youth should incorporate technology-based platforms and address the mental health needs identified as most salient by youth. Proposed policy changes at local, state, and federal levels designed to facilitate addressing the disparity in access to services for this population are discussed as well.
Next-generation sequencing of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in low-incidence countries

Drug resistant tuberculosis (TB), especially multidrug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB, is still a serious problem in global TB control. Slovenia and North Macedonia are low-incidence countries with TB incidence rates of 5.4 and 10.4 in 2017, respectively. In both countries, the percentage of drug resistant TB is very low with sporadic cases of MDR-TB. However, global burden of drug-resistant TB continues to increase imposing huge impact on public health systems and strongly stimulating the detection of gene variants related with drug resistance in TB. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can provide comprehensive analysis of gene variants linked to drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the feasibility of a full-length gene analysis for the drug resistance related genes (inhA, katG, rpoB, embB) using Ion Torrent technology and to compare the NGS results with those obtained from conventional phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) in TB isolates. Between 1996 and 2017, we retrospectively selected 56 TB strains from our National mycobacterial culture collection. Of those, 33 TB isolates from Slovenian patients were isolated from various clinical samples and subjected to phenotypic DST testing in Laboratory for Mycobacteria (University Clinic Golnik, Slovenia). The remaining 23 TB isolates were isolated from Macedonian patients and sent to our laboratory for assistance in phenotypic DST testing. TB strains included were either mono-, polyor multidrug resistant. For control purposes, we also randomly selected five TB strains susceptible to first-line anti-TB drugs. High concordance between genetic (Ion Torrent technology) and standard phenotypic DST testing for isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol was observed, with percent of agreement of 77%, 93.4% and 93.3%, sensitivities of 68.2%, 100% and 100%, and specificities of 100%, 80% and 88.2%, respectively. In conclusion, the genotypic DST using Ion Torrent semiconductor NGS successfully predicted drug resistance with significant shortening of time needed to obtain the resistance profiles from several weeks to just a few days.
NEW INSIGHTS FROM THE CUMBLERLAND ANALOG INVESTIGATION: BENZOIC ACID AS THE PREFERRED PRECURSOR FOR CHLOROBENZENE DETECTED ON MARS

Introduction: The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover carries a suite of instruments which provide complementary geochemical and mineralogical data to investigate the possibility of habitable conditions throughout martian history [1]. The Cumberland (CB) drill sample from the Sheepbed mudstone in Gale Crater was analyzed by MSL instruments between sols 282-408 [2, 3] and the first evidence for an indigenous martian organic molecule, chlorobenzene, was made by the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM [4]) instrument during pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (pyr-GCMS [2]). A mineralogical analog of the Cumberland sample was created in the laboratory to aid in the understanding of the organic decomposition of precursor molecule(s) that led to the detection of chlorobenzene.
Maternal health services utilization among rural Tamang women: A cross sectional study in Nuwakot district of Nepal

Background: Maternal mortality is still a major health issue in Nepal. It is higher among disadvantaged and illiterate women living in rural areas. The major reasons for deaths are low and inequitable utilization of maternal health services. The study aims to assess the utilization of the maternal health services among mothers having under five years children of Tamang community. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used for the study. A total sample of 139 mothers having under five-year children from Tamang community were selected purposively. Participant mothers were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. The study was approved from Nepal Health Research Council and written consent was also taken from the participants prior to data collection. Data was coded, entered in Epidata 3.1v, then transferred to SPSS v20 software and analyzed. Results: The average age of the mothers was 27 years and nearly half of the mothers were illiterate. Among 92.8% of the mothers who had come for Antenatal Care (ANC) checkup, only 57.4% had completed four ANC checkups. Similarly, more than two third (70.5%) of mothers had delivered their child at health institution. On the other hand, only 51.8% of mothers had visited for PNC checkup where only 47.2% of them had 3 PNC checkups. Conclusion: The study revealed that though mothers had visited for ANC and PNC checkups, complete visits were found to be very low. It is recommended to aware the mothers and health care providers on maternal health services and its utilization.
Trade and Welfare (Across Local Labor Markets)

What are the welfare implications of trade shocks? We provide a sufficient statistic that measures changes in welfare, to a first-order approximation, taking into account adjustment in labor supply, in frictional unemployment, and in the sectors to which workers apply while allowing for arbitrary heterogeneity in worker productivity and nonpecuniary returns across sectors. We apply these insights to measure changes in welfare across commuting zones (CZs) in the U.S. between 2000-2007. We find that granting China permanent normal trade relations lowers the welfare of a CZ at the 90th percentile of exposure by 3.1 percentage points relative to a CZ at the 10th percentile; of this, approximately 65 percent is due to changes in unemployment and much of this is driven by the non-pecuniary costs of unemployment.
Thermal Stability and Compression Strength of Rigid Polyurethane/Kenaf Fibre Biocomposite Foam

Rigid palm oil-based polyurethane/kenaf fibre biocomposite foams were prepared at various amounts of kenaf fibre (i.e. 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 pphp). Effects of kenaf fibre (KF) loadings on thermal stabilities and compressive strength were investigated. The peaks detected by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) at 3,310 cm-1 (OH stretching), 1,533 cm-1 (NH bending) and 1,510 cm-1 (CN stretching) had proved the formation of urethane linkages in the system. Results from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the thermal stabilities of biocomposite foams were higher than that of control PU foam. Higher KF contents resulted in agglomeration of which reduced the rate of heat transfer throughout the system. The presence of intra-hydrogen bonds in agglomerated KF caused more heat needs to break the bonds, thus increasing the thermal stabilities. Consequently, the agglomeration of KF created stress concentration, which reduced the compression strength of the foams with respect to the control PU foam. The presence of intra-hydrogen bonding in PU chains had surpassed the agglomeration effect, thus causing just a small reduction percentage. The foams have potentials to be used in non-load bearing applications such as insulators and wall panels.
MATERIAL STUDY IN 7.8-12.4 GHZ FREQUENCY DOMAIN OF A DIVALENT LIQUID CRYSTAL

An effective permittivity study was performed, in microwave range, for a substance with thermotropic liquid crystal properties. This substance, called shortly HAB, can be isotropic or presents anisotropy, corresponding to nematic or smectic type local order, depending on the exploitation temperature range. The HAB samples were simulated using a HF and microwave computer program: HFSS (Ansoft Technologies) and the frequency evolution of the effective permittivity was determined, in 7.8 12.4 GHz domain. The theoretical Rayleigh prediction of the effective permittivity values, valuable for a single frequency, was completed with an extended semi-empirical formula, in order to illustrate the frequency evolution of this quantity and also the permittivity resonances.
Epidemiology of dyslipidemia in Korea

심혈관계질환은 전세계적으로 가장 많은 사망의 원인으로 전 세계적으로 연간 1,700만 명이 심혈관계질환으로 사망하 며, 이는 전체 사망의 30%에 달하는 수치이고 앞으로도 계 속 증가할 것이라고 한다[1,2]. 다행히 소득수준이 높은 선 진국에서는 심혈관계질환 사망률이 감소하기 시작하였으나, 저개발 또는 개발도상국가에서는 심혈관계질환이 빠르게 증 가하고 있기 때문에 전세계적으로는 심혈관계질환의 규모는 계속 증가할 것으로 예상된다[2,3]. 통계청 사망원인통계자료를 근거로 한 과거 30년간 우리 나라 심뇌혈관계질환 사망률 변화를 보면 관상동맥질환으로 인한 사망은 사망원인통계가 작성되기 시작한 1983년 이후 로 지속적으로 증가하여, 2012년 관상동맥질환 사망률은 남 자는 10만 명당 31명, 여자는 10만 명당 27명에 이르렀다 [4]. 다행히 뇌혈관질환으로 인한 사망은 2000년 이후로 감 소하기 시작하여 2012년 뇌혈관질환 사망률은 남자는 10만 명당 49명, 여자는 10만 명당 53명 정도이다[5]. 심혈관계질 환의 유병률과 발생률은 국가통계자료가 부족하여 그 추세 를 파악하기 어렵지만, 여러 문헌을 종합하면 전체 심혈관 계질환의 유병률은 증가하고 있으며, 발생률은 질병의 종류 한국인 이상지질혈증의 역학
Using trajectory analysis to test and illustrate microsimulation outcomes

We propose a new data- driven way of testing and visualizing dynamic microsimulation outcome data. The proposed statistical methodology is based on trajectory analysis ( Nagin, 1999 ), which can be used to identify several sub- populations from a population measured longitudinally. We briefly introduce the statistical basis of trajectory analysis and discuss its use in the context of microsimulation. Finally, we report our results from the Finnish microsimulation model ELSI ( Tikanmäki et al., 2014 ; Tikanmäki et al., 2015 ) to illustrate the possibilities and benefits of this technique. Trajectory analysis is available in many statistical software packages (e.g., SAS, R, Stata and Mplus). We conclude that trajectory analysis is a useful tool for investigating microsimulation outcomes.
Why Do the Maximum Intensities in Modeled Tropical Cyclones Vary Under the Same Environmental Conditions?

In this study w e explored why the different initial tropical cyclone structures can result in different steady‐state maximum intensities in model simulations with the same environmental conditions. We discovered a linear relationsh ip between the radius of maximum wind (rm) and the absolute angular momentum that passes through rm (Mm) in the model simulated steady‐state tropical cyclones that rm = aMm+b. This nonnegligible intercept b is found to be the key to making a steady‐state storm with a larger Mm more intense. The sensitivity experiments show that this nonzero b results mainly from horizontal turbulent mixing and decreases with decreased horizontal mixing. Using this linear relationship from the simulations, it is also found that the degree of supergradient wind is a function of Mm as well as the turbulent mixing length such that both a larger Mm and/or a reduced turbulent mixing length result in larger supergradient winds.
Does a business-like approach to diversity in nonprofit organizations have a chilling effect on stakeholders?

Despite widespread commitment to promoting diversity in the nonprofit sector, increasing diversity poses a continued challenge for many nonprofits. Even nonprofits with explicit diversity statements often struggle to diversify their organizations. One potential impediment to achieving diversity may result from the framing and communication of diversity values within nonprofits. We evaluate the reactions of hypothetical stakeholders to two forms of diversity framing â€“ instrumental and moral frames â€“ focusing on potential divergence amongst racial-minority and White perspectives. Experiment 1 demonstrates that Black and Latino participants feel marginally more dehumanized and anticipate racial minorities will feel more devalued in an organization espousing the moral (compared to instrumental) diversity frame. In contrast, Whites feel less valued, more dehumanized, and perceive organizations as less authentically dedicated to diversity when viewing an organization that espouses the instrumental (compared to moral) frame. Experiment 2 extends these results demonstrating that Whites who are particularly concerned about their place in future job markets are more likely to feel devalued by instrumental frames to diversity. We discuss how these results diverge from existing findings of similar frames applied to business, rather than nonprofit, contexts. These findings extend our understanding of the implications of outcome-oriented versus moral frames within nonprofit organizations as well as informing understanding of how diversity frames may offer divergent signals to underrepresented and non-underrepresented stakeholders.
Black sheep are not black in Wikipedia: Comparing descriptions of perpetrators in the language version of the perpetrator in-group to other (out-group) language versions

People often evaluate in-group members, who deviated from socially accepted norms, more harshly than outgroup members who performed the same misconduct. The present paper investigates whether or not this so-called Black Sheep Effect also occurs in Wikipedia – a context that operates on strong nonevaluative norms and is the result of collaboration among diverse authors. To this end we conducted automatic text analyses for articles about N = 149 perpetrators (e.g., homicidal maniacs, terrorists, serial killers) and compared the relative use of negative emotion words (and anger, in particular) in in-group and out-group articles. With a Bayesian approach we found no support for the Black Sheep Effect, but much more support for the null-hypothesis.
Multi-level Contextual 3D CNNs for False Positive Reduction in Pulmonary Nodule Detection

Objective: False positive reduction is one of the most crucial components in an automated pulmonary nodule detection system, which plays an important role in lung cancer diagnosis and early treatment. The objective of this paper is to effectively address the challenges in this task and therefore to accurately discriminate the true nodules from a large number of candidates. Methods: We propose a novel method employing three-dimensional (3-D) convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for false positive reduction in automated pulmonary nodule detection from volumetric computed tomography (CT) scans. Compared with its 2-D counterparts, the 3-D CNNs can encode richer spatial information and extract more representative features via their hierarchical architecture trained with 3D samples. More importantly, we further propose a simple yet effective strategy to encode multilevel contextual information to meet the challenges coming with the large variations and hard mimics of pulmonary nodules. Results: The proposed framework has been extensively validated in the LUNA16 challenge held in conjunction with ISBI 2016, where we achieved the highest competition performance metric (CPM) score in the false positive reduction track. Conclusion: Experimental results demonstrated the importance and effectiveness of integrating multilevel contextual information into 3-D CNN framework for automated pulmonary nodule detection in volumetric CT data. Significance: While our method is tailored for pulmonary nodule detection, the proposed framework is general and can be easily extended to many other 3-D object detection tasks from volumetric medical images, where the targeting objects have large variations and are accompanied by a number of hard mimics.
Characterisation of Andrographolide in Andrographis Paniculata under Different Cultivation Conditions

The trend in the practical uses of herbal medicine has gained increasing momentum in recent years. One of the trends includes the use of the andrographolide-containing Andrographis paniculata, which is a herb that is traditionally used as medicine. There are not many studies have investigated the cultivation of this plant. The aim of this study is to develop a standard of procedure for cultivating Andrographis paniculata using the fertigation technique. A total of 6 treatments in 2 growth medium compositions were studied; treatments T1, T3, and T5 in Cocopeat-RHA (70:30) and treatments T2, T4, and T6 in 100 % cocopeat. 3 magnesium compositions of 10 ppm (T1 and T2), 50 ppm (T3 and T4), and 70 ppm (T5 and T6) in nutrient solution were also studied. Treatments T1, T3, and T5 showed the potential for better growth quality with a maximum plant height of 32.51 cm, 32.51 cm, and 31.75 cm. The andrographolide content was comparable with controls 1 and 2 (0.67-0.70 µg/mL). In higher magnesium compositions of the nutrient solution, the dry herb yield of T5 and T6 decreased from 2.4 g to 1.6 g and 2.4 g to 1.2 g. The T3 and T5 treatments exhibited a higher yield than T4 and T6 based on a comparison of dry herb yield. The incorporated fertigation technique showed an on-par quantity of andrographolide yield to that of conventional techniques (0.67-0.70 µg/mL) although it showed an advantage of overcoming the cleanliness problem faced in this study. Hence, the T3 standard of procedure was deemed the best, as it gave better plant growth quality with a maximum plant height of 31.75 cm, a maximum number of leaves (141 total count), a good dry herb yield of 2.2 g, and better andrographolide content 0.7 µg/mL. The fertigation technique incorporated with the combined Cocopeat-RHA medium and 50 ppm magnesium composition in the nutrient solution is suggested for the cultivation of Andrographis paniculata.
1Generalise: 1Spatial’s new automatic generalisation platform

Introduction In the past few years, a number of map production systems using a high degree of automated generalisation have been built. This was made possible by all the efforts made during the past two decades in researching the domain of automated generalisation, and in taking some of these research ideas into commercial or open source systems. Chapter 11 of (Burghart et al 2014) describes the main successes achieved in the domain of automated generalisation in various national mapping agencies. See also (Regnauld et al 2013),(Stoter et al 2013) and (Maugeais 2011) for more information on systems in place at Ordnance Survey GB, The Dutch Kadaster and IGN France. These systems all process high resolution topographic data and create derived data at around 1:25-50k scales, sometimes also producing Digital Landscape Models along the way.
The roles of top management and users in strategic IS planning: a perspective of SMEs

Research on the strategic Information Systems (IS) planning is typically concentrated on large firms. However, the outcomes of this research may not be sufficient to adequately apply to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Responding to the limited body of work in SMEs with respect to strategic IS planning, this research aims to fill the gap in the body of literature. Having limited resources available, financially and technically, strategic IS planning is getting more crucial for SMEs. Prior work suggests that a high level of internal competencies such as IT leadership by the owner or the top management of the firm are important for progressive IT development to take place in SMEs. Having said that IS is getting paramount for firm’s survival to optimize IS effectively, it is incumbent to investigate the factors influencing strategic IS planning amongst the SMEs. This study contributes to research and practice by providing indepth insights into the IS planning processes in SMEs with a particular focus on the roles of top management and users. Researchers can use these results, which are somewhat different from larger organizations, to revise IS planning phases.
Effects of a Self-Affirmation Intervention on Grades in Middle School and First-Year College Students

Stereotype threat has been shown to negatively affect grades in school for underrepresented minority students. Interventions aimed at buffering stereotype threat have been developed with the goal of reducing racial achievement gaps. The self-affirmation intervention has been found to positively impact grades for potentially threatened students; however, recent results examining its efficacy have been mixed. This study tested the effect of the self-affirmation intervention on grades for two samples: (1) at-risk Latino middle school students; and (2) diverse first-year college students. Cognitive ability, perceived control, self-efficacy, belonging, and stress were also tested as potential moderators. We found no evidence of intervention effects and no moderation, suggesting that more research should be conducted before this intervention is implemented more broadly. Lisa Hayes Leah Zinner Justin Wise John Carton Oglethorpe University Journal of Articles in Support of the Null Hypothesis Vol. 16, No. 1 Copyright 2019 by Reysen Group. 1539–8714
FINAL REPORT ISN-CAEN FELLOWSHIP

My project is focused on studying the relationship between the neurotransmitter GABA, acting through its GABAB receptors, and the neuropeptide kisspeptin in the regulation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal endocrine axis in mammals. My project utilizes a knockout mouse model, the GABAB1 receptor subunit knockout mouse (GABAB1KO), which has yet to be used to study regulation of GnRH and kisspeptin and therefore provides a novel and powerful approach.
Competition in Local Banking Markets and the Influence of Rival Proximity

This paper analyzes the competitive behavior of Austrian banks with no or only one rival branch within their local home markets (municipalities). For that, we examine the association of several bank-level indicators, calculated for the period 1999-2014, with characteristics of the community and the nearest contestant. While it can be observed that competition measures, at least on average, do not vary tremendously across bank cohorts, rival proximity plays a differential role: monopolists exhibit larger mark-ups with increasing rival distance, whereas competition is strengthened in more remote duopolistic markets. Together with the observation that certain market features affect conduct as well, our results give rise to several policy recommendations.