Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Portfolio Disclosure on Hedge Fund Performance, Fees and Flows

This study investigates the impact of portfolio disclosure on hedge fund performance. Using a regression discontinuity design, I investigate the effect of the disclosure requirements that take effect when an investment company's assets exceed $100 million; when that occurs, a fund is required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission to submit form 13F disclosing its portfolio holdings. Consistent with the argument that portfolio disclosure reveals 'trade secrets' and also raises front running costs thus harms the funds that disclose, I find that there is a drop in fund performance (about 4 percent annually) after a fund begins filing form 13F, as well as an increase in return correlations with other hedge funds in the same investment style. The drop in performance cannot be explained by a change in the assets under management or a mean reversion in returns. Consistent with the idea that funds with illiquid holdings tend to employ sequential trading strategies, which increase the likelihood of being taken advantage of by free riders and front runners, the drop in performance is more dramatic for funds that have more illiquid holdings. In addition, I find that the incentive fees paid to fund managers are 1 percent higher when portfolio disclosure is required, which supports the hypothesis that investors' monitoring of portfolio holdings disciplines adverse risk-taking by fund managers and allows for higher convexity in the optimal compensation structure. Finally, there is a drop in flows into funds that file 13F, which suggests that hedge fund investors negatively value 13F disclosure. Overall, this study suggests that the cost of portfolio disclosure is economically large. It contributes to the policy debate over what constitutes optimal disclosure.
: a role

Aging and longevity are complex processes controlled at different levels, including genetic level. We evaluated the association of seven drug and DNA-repair gene polymorphisms with longevity in an Italian cohort. A sample of 756 subjects aged 18-98 was genotyped for CYP1A1 exon 7 A>G , GSTT1 null , GSTM1 null , GSTP A>G , XRCC1 exon 6 C>T, XRCC1 exon 9 A> G and XPC exon 15 A>C gene polymorphisms. The association between the analyzed gene polymorphisms and longevity was evaluated by dividing the sample into three age groups: 10-50, 51-85, and 86-98. We observed a significant decrease in the frequency of the GSTT1 null, GSTP G and XPC C alleles in the oldest group with respect to the youngest one and with respect to 51-85 age group. We obtained the same results also subdividing the sample into 1-85 and 86-98 age groups. The general linear model analyses confirmed a significant decreasing trend of the above mentioned alleles with age. We hypothesized that these minor alleles, being important in the sensitivity against the development of different types of cancer, may reflect a reduced life-expectancy in carrier subjects and may explain their significantly lower frequency observed among subjects belonging to oldest age group.
Advances in Water Resources

A large number of complex fluids commonly used in industry exhibit yield stress, e.g., concentrated polymer solutions, waxy crude oils, emulsions, colloid suspensions and foams. Yield stress fluids are frequently injected through unconsolidated porous media in many fields such as soil remediation and reservoir engineering, so modelling their flow through this type of media is of great economic importance. However, obtaining macroscopic laws to model non-Newtonian flow poses a considerable challenge given the dependence of the viscosity of the fluid on pore velocity. For this reason, no macroscopic equation is currently available to predict the relationship between injection flow rate and the pressure drop generated during the flow of a yield stress fluid without using any adjustable parameter. In this work, a method to extend Darcy’s equation to the flow of yield stress fluids through model unconsolidated porous media consisting of packs of spherical beads is presented. Then, the method is experimentally validated through comparison with a total of 572 experimental measurements obtained during the flow of a concentrated aqueous polymer solution through different packs of glass spheres with uniform size. An improved prediction of the pressure drop-flow rate relationship is achieved by taking into account the non-linear relationship between apparent shear rate and average pore velocity.
Variability in Macrobenthos Communities in the Valli di Comacchio, Northern Italy, a Hypereutrophized Lagoonal Ecosystem

The composition and the community structure of the macrobenthic assemblages in different habitats in the Valli di Comacchio (northern Italy, Adriatic Sea) was investigated. Nine stations in three major basins were selected and sampled quarterly from November 1997 to September 1998 for macrofauna and environmental parameters. Sampling stations were located along a gradient of macrophytic coverage and sediment texture. Data were subjected to ANOVA and multivariate analysis to discriminate between habitats, sites, and seasonality on their faunal attributes. Water variable values were typical of eutrophic areas. A total of 37 macrobenthic taxa were identified, and differences in the species complement were found between the various habitats within each site. Unvegetated habitats were generally found quite impoverished. Community structure of the macrobenthos at the most marine station was ruled by the cycle of Ulva rigida. Trophic guild analysis revealed a well structured community thriving in theRuppia -vegetated habitat. The persistence, in the marginal Ruppia -vegetated habitat, of such a well structured macrobenthic community, suggests that, notwithstanding the loss of structuring capacity of the habitat exhibited by innermost areas, this lagoonal ecosystem could be resilient enough to recover to its former ecological value.
Health and Self-Care from the Perspective of Institutionalized Adolescents

: The health of institutionalized adolescents is permeated by peculiarities that are influenced by the different contexts in which they develop. This study aimed to understand the conceptions about health and self-care elaborated by adolescents under protective measures of institutional shelter, in the light of the Bioecological model. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, based on the Bioecological Theory. Fourteen adolescent girls participated in the study. Based on the ecological insertion methodology, data were collected from a field diary, medical records, a questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews, subjected to thematic content analysis. A plurality of understandings about health and self-care was verified, which are more associated with the institutional experience than with family life and evidenced a lack of actions that support healthcare habits and autonomy of adolescents within the family unit.
Improving the Carcass Characteristics of Boiler Chickens Fed on Diets Containing the mixture Toxbond Forte

The study is conducted in Kosar's company experimental fields / Erbil to study the improvement of the carcass characteristics of broiler chickens, specifically those feeding on diets including "Toxbond Forte". The experiment lasted for 35 days and used 120 unsexed one day old chicks from Rose 308 type with an average of 42 ± 3 g per chick. The chicks were randomly classified into five treatments with three replications; each treatment had eight birds / replicate). The first treatment (T1) is called the control treatment in which the feed was without any addition, the second treatment (T2) included the addition of the compound with an average of 0.5 g / kg of feed, the third treatment (T3) included the addition of the mixture with a percentage higher than the second one, i.e. with a rate of 1 g / kg of feed, the fourth treatment (T4) included the rate of 1.5 g / kg of feed, and last treatment (T5) had the percentage of 2 g / kg of feed addition to the mixture. Results have shown that there are no big differences (p ≤ 0.05) in the relative weight of the main segments (chest and thigh piece), while the relative weight of the drumstick is significantly higher than the other treatments. Moreover, no differences have been seen for the secondary cuts, internal viscera and empty carcass weight, (p ≤ 0.05). Finally, the study has noted a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in the percentage of the net weight.
Aging Medicine and Healthcare

Background/Purpose: This study aims to investigate dependency according to Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) indices and its associated risk and protective factors among Indonesian older adults. Methods: The sociodemographic factors and health variables from the Indonesia Family Life Survey-5 (IFLS-5), the only large-scale longitudinal field survey in Indonesia, cross-sectional data of 4236 older adults aged 60 and over were
Indian Ocean Variability in the CMIP5 Multimodel Ensemble: The Basin Mode

This study evaluates the simulation of the Indian Ocean Basin (IOB) mode and relevant physical processes in models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Historical runs from 20 CMIP5 models are available for the analysis. They reproduce the IOB mode and its close relationship to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Half of the models capture key IOB processes: a downwelling oceanic Rossby wave in the southern tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) precedes the IOB development in boreal fall and triggers an antisymmetric wind anomaly pattern across the equator in the following spring. The anomalous wind pattern induces a second warming in the north Indian Ocean (NIO) through summer and sustains anticyclonic wind anomalies in the northwest Pacific by radiating a warm tropospheric Kelvin wave. The second warming in the NIO is indicative of ocean-atmosphere interaction in the interior TIO. More than half of the models display a double peak in NIO warming, as observed following El Nino, while the rest show only one winter peak. The intermodel diversity in the characteristics of the IOB mode seems related to the thermocline adjustment in the south TIO to ENSO-induced wind variations. Almost all the models show multidecadal variations in IOB variance, possibly modulated by ENSO.
Mixing of a tracer in the pycnocline

A patch of sulfur hexafluoride was released in May 1992 in the eastern North Atlantic on an isopycnal surface near 300 m depth and was surveyed over a period of 30 months as it dispersed across and along isopycnal surfaces. The diapycnal eddy diffusivity K estimated for the first 6 months was 0.12±0.02 cm2/s, while for the subsequent 24 months it was 0.17±0.02 cm2/s. The vertical tracer distribution remained very close to Gaussian for the full 30 months, as the root mean square (rms) dispersion grew from 5 to 50 m. Lateral dispersion was measured on several scales. The growth of the rms width of the tracer streaks from less than 100 m to approximately 300 m within 2 weeks implies an isopycnal diffusivity of 0.07 m2/s at scales of 0.1 to 1 km, larger than expected from the interaction between vertical shear of the internal waves and diapycnal mixing. Teasing of the overall patch, initially about 25 km across, into streaks with an overall length of 1800 km within 6 months supports predictions of exponential growth by the mesoscale strain field at a rate of 3±0.5 × 10−7 s−1. The rms width of these streaks, estimated as 3 km and maintained in the face of the streak growth, indicates an isopycnal diffusivity of 2 m2/s at scales of 1 to 10 km, much greater than expected from internal wave shear dispersion. The patch was painted in, albeit streakily, by 12 months, confirming expectations from analytical and numerical models. Homogenization of the patch continued during the subsequent 18 months, while the patch continued to spread with an effective isopycnal eddy diffusivity on the order of 1000 m2/s, acting at scales of 30 to 300 km.
Influence of temperature and salt concentration on the salt weathering of a sedimentary stone with sodium sulphate

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate how the ambient temperature and salt concentration affect the salt decay of a sedimentary stone. Samples of a detritic limestone which have experienced cycles of accelerated ageing at 5, 25 (room temperature, RT) and 50 °C with brines which had different sodium sulphate concentration were analysed. The weight of the samples and of the pieces fallen off during the cycles was monitored. The results show that the damage is more important at 5 °C than at RT. The samples at 50 °C were intact at the end of the experiment. Second, the size of the pieces fallen from the samples is significantly smaller for low temperatures: at 5 °C, the decay produces a fine powder; at RT, the pieces fallen off are of millimetre to centimetre scale. The weathering patterns are therefore different at these two temperatures: fine crumbling at 5 °C; coarse crumbling and contour scaling at RT. The salt uptake seems quite similar for a given concentration whatever the temperature. The decay also seems to be of a different kind for each concentration at RT: crumbling at low concentration, contour scaling at high concentration. Crystallization seems to take place deeper inside the porous network of the stone when the concentration of salts in the brine is higher, that is to say when the brine viscosity is higher.
Soil erosion and redistribution on cultivated and uncultivated land near las bardenas in the central Ebro river Basin, Spain

The semiarid regions of Spain, including the central part of the Ebro River basin, are under threat due to desertification. Severe erosion, as a result of poor land management, has led to degradation of the soil resource, and there is a clear need for quantitative erosion rate data to evaluate the problem. This study aimed to examine the potential for using caesium-137 to identify the patterns and rates of soil erosion and redistribution within this semiarid environment. Samples for the determination of caesium-137 were collected from uncultivated slopes and cultivated valley floor sites near the head and outlet of a small representative basin in the Las Bardenas area. The measured patterns of caesium-137 mobilization, redistribution and export provide a semiquantitative indication of the variation in erosion within the study site. Calibration of the caesium-137 measurements, taking account of the differing behaviour of radiocaesium on cultivated and uncultivated land, allows estimation of the actual rates of erosion and deposition involved. The results show (1) the erosion rates on the cultivated land (1.6–2.5 kg m−2 yr−1) are typically more than five times those seen on the uncultivated land (0.2–0.4 kg m−2 yr−1), and (2) erosion on the uncultivated land is significantly less severe at the head of the basin than at the outlet. Study of the vegetation cover suggests that lower growing shrubs and grasses may be more effective in reducing erosion in this environment than trees.
Scales and structures of large lake eddies

Observations of currents and near‐surface temperatures from Lake Superior reveal a surprisingly rich field of eddies that extended throughout the water column and were present throughout the lake and during all seasons. Despite their ubiquity, the lake eddies have previously gone unreported in the literature. These observations of the eddy velocities and surface temperatures suggest that we have to revise our conceptual understanding of the vertical and horizontal transport mechanisms within large lakes to take into account persistent mesoscale turbulence.
Early Pliocene change of deposition style in the Cape Basin , southeastern Atlantic

Many effects of climate change, currents and tectonics on sedimentary deposition can be detected in seismic reflection patterns. To unravel the influence of these different forces on sediments of the southwest African margin, we established a seismostratigraphy, tied to the drilling results from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 175 Sites 1081–1087. Three depositional regions are distinguished for the Cape Basin: In the Northern and Middle Cape Basin, continuous high-amplitude reflectors characterize the upper acoustic sequences, indicating a strong, and probably climate-related, alternation in deposited matter, as well as an undisturbed deposition accompanied by high sedimentation rates due to enhanced upwelling. In the Middle Cape Basin, large reflection-free zones indicate the presence of gas. In contrast, in the Southern Cape Basin, less upwelling-related deposition restricted the thickness of sedimentary layers. Low-amplitude reflectors and slump scarps indicate a permanent reallocation of accumulated matter by mass movements on the steeper slope of the southern margin. A prominent feature in the sequences of the Northern and Middle Cape Basin is a marked increase in seismic reflection amplitudes since the Early Pliocene (ca. 4.4 Ma) in correspondence to a rise of cyclicity in reflector strength. We suggest a reorganization in the depositional system associated with enhanced upwelling as a consequence of the closure of the Central American Sea-way. The upwelling system probably became more susceptible to short pulse variations (∼10 k.y.) in climate and currents. With it the composition of deposited matter severely changed, which in turn is documented in the high-amplitude reflectors.
Diagnosis and treatment of common infectious diseases in severely ill sub-Saharan African patients

Background In sub-Saharan African countries with large numbers of HIV positive tuberculosis (TB) patients, the high proportion of smear-negative pulmonary TB (SNTB) and extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) continues to contribute to a delay in TB diagnosis and treatment. Information about the clinical management of individuals with presumptive TB in this setting is however limited. We evaluated the TB diagnostic process of adult patients with presumptive TB in a referral hospital in Mozambique according to the 2007 WHO recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of SNTB and EPTB in HIV prevalent and resource-poor settings. Methods This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study, using medical records of patients admitted in June and July 2009. Results Overall, 514 patient records were screened, providing 234 presumptive TB patients. There were 70 deaths (29.9%). The evaluation of danger signs was never complete. HIV status was known for 175/234 (74.8%) patients, 140 (80.0%) of whom were HIV-positive. A sputum smear microscopy (SSM) result was obtained for 59/234 (25.2%) patients. SSM results were positive in 8/59 (13.6%) patients. Chest radiography was done in 150/234 (64.1%) patients and 103 were abnormal (68.7%). A total of 66 patients (28.2%) received TB treatment. Conclusion The TB diagnostic process in this Mozambican hospital remained largely incomplete according to the WHO recommendations and few patients with presumptive TB were identified as TB patients. Deficiencies as described should prompt reconsideration of WHO guideline implementation with an emphasis on health
An emergency response‐type rainfall‐runoff‐inundation simulation for 2011 Thailand floods

A devastating flood disaster occurred in Thailand in 2011. In case of such large‐scale flooding, it is important to predict the dynamics of inundation on a near real‐time basis for safe evacuation. To predict widespread inundation, where both rainfall‐runoff from surrounding mountains and rainfall on floodplains contribute to the event, this paper applied a rainfall‐runoff‐inundation (RRI) model to the entire Chao Phraya River basin (160 000 km2). Near real‐time simulation was conducted for emergency responses with globally available dataset including satellite‐based topography (HydroSHEDS derived from SRTM) and rainfall (TRMM 3B42RT) during the disaster. Post‐flood simulation was also carried out with more local information. The RRI model was found capable of representing the peak inundation extent with an acceptable accuracy and correctly predicting a 1‐month lasting inundation in the lower part of the basin. On the other hand, the prediction overestimated the river discharge by 40% and the inundation water level by 2 m mainly due to the neglect of the evapotranspiration effect. The post‐flood simulation improved its accuracy by up to 10% for river discharges and 1 m for peak inundation water levels, but it did not lead to better agreement of flood extents with those based on the remote sensing. Further study is recommended to improve accuracy for modelling of spatial extent of flooding. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis with different input suggested what information should be prioritised for emergency response‐type flood simulations.
Annual sea level variations in the southern tropical Indian Ocean from Geosat and shallow-water simulations

Sea level variations in the Indian Ocean north of 20°S are analyzed from Geosat satellite altimeter data in 1987–1988. These observed variations are compared with numerical simulations from a reduced-gravity model forced by observed winds over the same period. The first complex empirical orthogonal function of observed and simulated variations is an annual signal. For this signal, observations and simulations are highly correlated in both time and space. Off-equatorial sea level variations propagate westward and poleward as Rossby waves. The strongest annual variations occur in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean. The maximum amplitude (∼12 cm) is located at about 90°E, 12°S, although the wind stress curl is weak there and east of it. The signal propagates from the eastern boundary to the southwest across almost all the basin.