Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Registered nurse-patient communication research: An integrative review for future directions in nursing research.

AIM To explore communication research in nursing by investigating the theoretical approaches, methods, content and perspectives in research on real-time registered nurse (RN)-patient communication. DESIGN An integrative review of real-time communication between RNs and patients. DATA SOURCES Empirical research papers were searched in PubMed, CINAHL Plus and Medline. The results from the database searches were supplemented with results from manual searches in reference lists. REVIEW METHODS A total of 1369 articles published between January 1996 and December 2021 were screened, which resulted in the inclusion of 52 articles. RESULTS The integration of various theories, such as nursing or communication theories, is weak in most of the included studies. RN-patient communication appears to influence relationship building. Even when nurses strive to meet patients' needs, they often focus primarily on nursing routines and physical care. The topic of the communication varies depending on the situation and different communication styles are used. When a patient-centred approach is adopted, the interpersonal communication becomes quite symmetrical, with complementary roles of nurses and patients. Within a more asymmetric communication context, nurses dominate communication, choose topics and function as instructors. How the nurses communicated subsequently influenced the patients' communication styles and strategies. CONCLUSION Communication is multifaceted, contains different strategies and is important for building trust and facilitating patient-centred care. The importance of RNs' communication for interaction and relationship-building seems to be well established within research, but few studies focused on patients' communication with RNs. IMPACT This integrative review gives an overview of the width and depth of observational studies on RN-patient communication research. The variety of studies indicates that this area is a less well-grounded field of research. Future research is warranted to support nurses in their communication, especially regarding the exploration of patients' communication and desired communication skills in nurse-patient interactions. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution was included in this integrative review.
Evaluation of Several Satellite-Based Soil Moisture Products in the Continental US

Satellite-based soil moisture products are suitable for large-scale regional monitoring due to the accessibility. Five soil moisture products including SMAP, ESA CCI, and AMSR2 (ascending, descending, and average) were selected in the continental United States (US) from 2016 to 2021. To evaluate the performance of the products and assess their applicability, ISMN (International Soil Moisture Network) data were used as the in situ measurement. PBIAS (Percentage of BIAS), R (Pearson correlation coefficient), RMSE (Root Mean Square Error), ubRMSE (unbiased RMSE), MAE (Mean Absolute Error), and MBE (Mean Bias Error) were selected for evaluation. The performance of five products over six observation networks and various land cover types was compared, and the differences were analyzed at monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. The results show that SMAP had the smallest deviation with the ISMN data because PBIAS was around −0.13, and MBE was around −0.02 m3/m3. ESA CCI performed the best in almost all aspects; its R reached around 0.7, and RMSE was only around 0.07 m3/m3 at the three time scales. The performance of the AMSR2 products varied greatly across the time scales, and increasing errors and deviations showed from 2016 to 2020. The PBO_H2O and USCRN networks could reflect soil moisture characteristics in the continental US, while iRON performed poorly. The evaluation of the networks was closely related to spatial distributions. All products performed better over grasslands and shrublands with R, which was greater than 0.52, and ubRMSE was around 0.1 m3/m3, while products performed worse over forests, where PBIAS was less than −0.62, and RMSE was greater than 0.2 m3/m3, except for ESA CCI. From the boxplot, SMAP was close to the ISMN data with differences less than 0.004 m3/m3 between the median and lower quartiles.
The Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Its Relation to Psychiatric Disorders Among Citizens of Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

Background and aim: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional bowel disorder. Many adults worldwide have symptoms associated with IBS and are responsible for most gastroenterology visits. The aim of this study is to illustrate and analyze the prevalence of IBS among the general population in Makkah Al-Mukarramah city using the Rome IV criteria in relation to psychiatric disorders. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on Makkah citizens. The study excluded all residents in Makkah without Saudi nationality or below the age of 18. The survey was created using Google forms and shared randomly on social media. The sample size was calculated using the OpenEpi website v3.0. The online questionnaire is composed of three sections: sociodemographic data, Rome IV criteria with the Bristol Stool Scale, and lastly the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) score for stress, anxiety, and depression. Data were analyzed using SPSS software for Windows V.23, and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was obtained for selected risk factors using logistic regression. Results: Nine hundred and twenty-one individuals from Makkah city completed the survey. The overall IBS prevalence was 20.19%. The commonest subtypes of IBS were IBS-M followed by IBS-C (53.8% and 22%, respectively). In the multiple regression analysis, stress (P = <0.001, OR = 2.473) was statistically significantly associated with IBS. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of IBS among Makkah citizens is high. Stress was found to be a major risk factor for IBS.
Infrared spectra of transition objects and the composition and evolution of carbon dust

We obtained IR (5-23 microns) spectra of five carbon-rich objects in transition from the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) to the planetary nebula stage of evolution. These spectra show a variety of IR emission features due to circumstellar materials. In particular, all sources show the 6.2 and '7.7' micron bands, commonly observed in PNs and ascribed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules (PAHs). Some transition nebulae also show a strong 6-9 micron plateau characteristic for larger PAH clusters (about 400 C-atoms). A new broad feature at about 8.8 microns is present in some sources. This feature is distinctly different from the 8.6-micron PAH feature. This 8.8-micron feature may be present in the spectra of C-rich giants as well, but is not evident in PN spectra. We suggest that large amorphous carbon grains are responsible for the 8.8-micron feature. The transition objects show large spectral variations from source to source. This contrasts with C-rich PNs, which all show very similar IR spectra dominated by PAHs. These spectral variations between transition objects of similar effective temperatures cannot be due to excitation variations but imply compositional variations of the dust. Moreover, this result suggests that circumstellar dust evolves during the transition phase from red giant to PN, perhaps as a result of grain-grain collisions and shattering in the fast winds.
A variant of the Gohberg-Semencul formula involving circulant matrices

The Gohberg–Semencul formula expresses the inverse of a Toeplitz matrix as the difference of products of lower triangular and upper triangular Toeplitz matrices. In this paper the idea of cyclic displacement structure is used to show that the upper triangular matrices in this formula can be replaced by circulant matrices. The resulting computational savings afforded by this modified formula is discussed.
The radial distribution of oxygen in disk galaxies

The shape of the oxygen abundance profile is examined for seven nearby spiral galaxies in which at least 15 H II regions have been observed. The radial abundance profile for three of these galaxies has a distinct change in slope. The others show no deviation from a single scale-length exponential. This behavior is explained within the framework of the star-forming viscous disk model of galaxy evolution. A prediction is made that radial abundance profiles of noninteracting unbarred spiral galaxies change slope at the radius where the rotation curve changes from linearly rising to flat. For barred and interacting galaxies the situation is complicated by additional mixing mechanisms of the interstellar medium.
FuzzNT : Checking for Program Non-termination

Unintended non-termination of programs could lead to attacks such as Denial-of-Service(DoS). Current testing techniques are not geared to detect such errors. Towards this, we present FuzzNT, a hybrid testing technique to check non-termination of C programs by combining Coverage Guided Fuzzing (CGF) and abstract interpretation based static analysis. Given a program P and the coverage test inputs generated using CGF, P is transformed into a set of specialized programs, each of which under-approximates P. Abstract interpretation is then used to check each of these smaller programs for non-termination. The key advantage of this approach for checking non-termination is that it reuses the test case corpus created during software development and maintenance. Our preliminary experimental evaluation of FuzzNT shows highly promising results.
Abstract representations in temporal cortex support generative linguistic processing

ABSTRACT Generativity, the ability to create and evaluate novel constructions, is a fundamental property of human language and cognition. The productivity of generative processes is determined by the scope of the representations they engage. Here we examine the neural representation of reduplication, a productive phonological process that can create novel forms through patterned syllable copying (e.g. ba-mih → ba-ba-mih, ba-mih-mih, or ba-mih-ba). Using MRI-constrained source estimates of combined MEG/EEG data collected during an auditory artificial grammar task, we identified localised cortical activity associated with syllable reduplication pattern contrasts in novel trisyllabic nonwords. Neural decoding analyses identified a set of predominantly right hemisphere temporal lobe regions whose activity reliably discriminated reduplication patterns evoked by untrained, novel stimuli. Effective connectivity analyses suggested that sensitivity to abstracted reduplication patterns was propagated between these temporal regions. These results suggest that localised temporal lobe activity patterns function as abstract representations that support linguistic generativity.
Phonetics in Language Teaching

This Element explores ways in which language teachers, especially teachers of English, can benefit from knowledge of phonetics. It also offers recommendations for introducing and improving pronunciation teaching in the classroom. While hoping that this Element is useful to instructors of all languages, the majority of the examples comes from North American English (NAE) and the English language classroom. At the same time, the Element acknowledges that English language teaching is rather different from the teaching of other languages, since nowadays, most interactions around the world in English do not involve a native speaker, and use of English as a lingua franca (ELF) has become widespread. Teachers of English should be aware that their students may not want to mimic all aspects of native-speaker pronunciation; since some native-speaker patterns of speech, such as the extensive simplification and omission of sounds may not be helpful in enhancing intelligibility.
Smart Visualization of Medical Images as a Tool in the Function of Education in Neuroradiology

The smart visualization of medical images (SVMI) model is based on multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) data sets and can provide a clearer view of changes in the brain, such as tumors (expansive changes), bleeding, and ischemia on native imaging (i.e., a non-contrast MDCT scan). The new SVMI method provides a more precise representation of the brain image by hiding pixels that are not carrying information and rescaling and coloring the range of pixels essential for detecting and visualizing the disease. In addition, SVMI can be used to avoid the additional exposure of patients to ionizing radiation, which can lead to the occurrence of allergic reactions due to the contrast media administration. Results of the SVMI model were compared with the final diagnosis of the disease after additional diagnostics and confirmation by neuroradiologists, who are highly trained physicians with many years of experience. The application of the realized and presented SVMI model can optimize the engagement of material, medical, and human resources and has the potential for general application in medical training, education, and clinical research.
Stress, anxiety, depression and long COVID symptoms

ABSTRACT Background The development of depression and anxiety symptoms during long COVID may partly result from the biopsychosocial effects of COVID-19 that impact mental health, rather than from the infection alone. Aim The present study examined the association of anxiety, depression, stress, and psychological distress levels with sociodemographic factors and symptom severity during and three months after the acute phase of COVID-19. Methods This cross-sectional study included 119 participants with a positive SARS-CoV-2 qPCR test. Three months after the acute phase of infection, participants completed an online survey to collect clinical information and sociodemographic data, followed by completion of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scales. Results During and after infection, fatigue was the most frequently reported symptom. After the acute phase of COVID-19, substantial numbers of participants presented moderate to severe psychological distress (28.5%), severe to extremely severe depression (26.05%), and severe to extremely severe stress (31.09%). Female patients presented higher stress scores than males, while individuals who reported having lost a loved one presented high psychological distress, anxiety, and depression. The presence of physical symptoms after COVID-19 and other factors such as being a woman, being married, having children, or living with someone who suffers from a disease increased vulnerability to depression, stress, and anxiety. Conclusions There are psychological consequences for survivors of COVID-19 associated with sociodemographic factors. Clinical strategies are needed to provide mental health care for individuals with long COVID symptoms.
Proteasome Dysfunction Leads to Suppression of the Hypoxic Response Pathway in Arabidopsis

Proteasome is a large proteolytic complex that consists of a 20S core particle (20SP) and 19S regulatory particle (19SP) in eukaryotes. The proteasome degrades most cellular proteins, thereby controlling many key processes, including gene expression and protein quality control. Proteasome dysfunction in plants leads to abnormal development and reduced adaptability to environmental stresses. Previous studies have shown that proteasome dysfunction upregulates the gene expression of proteasome subunits, which is known as the proteasome bounce-back response. However, the proteasome bounce-back response cannot explain the damaging effect of proteasome dysfunction on plant growth and stress adaptation. To address this question, we focused on downregulated genes caused by proteasome dysfunction. We first confirmed that the 20SP subunit PBE is an essential proteasome subunit in Arabidopsis and that PBE1 mutation impaired the function of the proteasome. Transcriptome analyses showed that hypoxia-responsive genes were greatly enriched in the downregulated genes in pbe1 mutants. Furthermore, we found that the pbe1 mutant is hypersensitive to waterlogging stress, a typical hypoxic condition, and hypoxia-related developments are impaired in the pbe1 mutant. Meanwhile, the 19SP subunit rpn1a mutant seedlings are also hypersensitive to waterlogging stress. In summary, our results suggested that proteasome dysfunction downregulated the hypoxia-responsive pathway and impaired plant growth and adaptability to hypoxia stress.
Reconfiguration of distribution system through two minimum-current neighbour-chain updating methods

This study presents a new two-stage heuristic algorithm for loss-reduction reconfiguration of radial electrical distribution system. In the first stage, which is a close-all-switch technique and based on successively opening the minimum-current branches, the algorithm determines a feasible solution for the switch configuration. The second stage uses a neighbour-chain updating process (NCUP), which periodically updates each open switch of the configuration with its best neighbourhood switches. Depending on applicability of the circular mechanism on NCUP, two methods are utilised. The results of applying the proposed methods on five standard hypothetical or practical test networks demonstrate their excellent performance in obtaining best-known solutions in a systematic manner.
Influence of the Alcohols on the ZnO Synthesis and Its Properties: The Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Activities

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials are used in various health-related applications, from antimicrobial textiles to wound dressing composites and from sunscreens to antimicrobial packaging. Purity, surface defects, size, and morphology of the nanoparticles are the main factors that influence the antimicrobial properties. In this study, we are comparing the properties of the ZnO nanoparticles obtained by solvolysis using a series of alcohols: primary from methanol to 1-hexanol, secondary (2-propanol and 2-butanol), and tertiary (tert-butanol). While the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles is successfully accomplished in all primary alcohols, the use of secondary or tertiary alcohols does not lead to ZnO as final product, underlining the importance of the used solvent. The shape of the obtained nanoparticles depends on the alcohol used, from quasi-spherical to rods, and consequently, different properties are reported, including photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities. In the photocatalytic study, the ZnO obtained in 1-butanol exhibited the best performance against methylene blue (MB) dye solution, attaining a degradation efficiency of 98.24%. The comparative study among a series of usual model dyes revealed that triarylmethane dyes are less susceptible to photo-degradation. The obtained ZnO nanoparticles present a strong antimicrobial activity on a broad range of microorganisms (bacterial and fungal strains), the size and shape being the important factors. This permits further tailoring for use in medical applications.
LABORATORY ASSESSMENT OF SOME POTATO GENOTYPES WITH POTENTIAL RESISTANCE TO LATE BLIGHT DISEASE (PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS)

Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) of potato is considered one of the most devastating plant diseases in the world. Most cultivated potatoes are susceptible to this disease. To NIRDPSB Brasov thirteen potato genotypes (leaves and tubers) were evaluated in laboratory conditions for phenotypic scoring against late blight. Isolates were collected from the greenhouse and inoculated with a complex race of late blight differentials (R1-R11). The best results both at the leaf and tuber level were obtained with the genotypes Sasa (R3) x Rustic (Cl1), Agria x Rustic (Cl 1), Sasa x Fribel and Sasa x Florice which provided a durable source of resistance and can be used in a future breeding program. Instead, the genotypes Sasa (R6) x Orchestra, Sasa (R8) x Orchestra, Sasa (R3) x Orchestra, Sasa (R7) x Orchestra showed sensitivity to the action of the pathogen.
Clinical Epidemiology of Mothers with COVID-19 Hospitalized in Ardabil Province

Background: Pregnancy and childbirth do not increase the risk of COVID-19 infection, but the clinical complications and worsening are more severe than in non-pregnant women. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical epidemiology of mothers with COVID-19 hospitalized in Ardabil province. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the medical records of 20193 women of childbearing age from March 2020 to August 20 were reviewed. Gestational age, cause of hospitalization, the trend of disease and pregnancy, and possible and non-obstetric complications were evaluated. Data were analyzed by using statistical tests in SPSS version 21. Results: In this study, 9942 childbirths were performed, of which 5965 cesarean sections, 3977 normal deliveries, 6990 preterm deliveries, and 72 women had stillbirths. Also, 73 (0.73%) pregnant women had early symptoms of COVID-19. The highest age range was 25 - 30 years, mostly in the first pregnancy (41.9%) and the third trimester of pregnancy (61.6%) and with symptoms of persistent dry cough, shortness of breath, fever, muscle pain, chills, decreased arterial oxygen saturation and they were dizzy. Among all infected mothers, 20.5% had a preterm delivery, and 8.2% had a stillbirth. 0.36% of mothers with symptoms and 0.46% of mothers were PCR positive Conclusions: Pregnant women do not show clinical periods, and the result is comparable to non-pregnant women of childbearing age when infected with SARS-CoV-2. 0.3% of pregnant mothers were infected, which is not a high rate. Complications of pregnancy, such as preterm delivery and IUFD, are more common in involved pregnant women.
Understanding violent extremism: Risk and protective factors in a jihadi male detainee population in the Netherlands

In recent years, the number of detainees confined for terrorism-related offenses has increased worldwide and across Europe. To understand the factors related to terrorism and its underlying motives, this study provides insights into violent extremism by assessing risk- and protective factors based on the Violent Extremism Risk Assessment-2R (VERA-2R) in 121 male jihadist residents in Dutch terrorism wings. Retrospective analyses of primary source data showed that one-third of the target group is strongly connected to ideologies justifying violence. The social context of the study sample was also related to violent extremism, whereas support from family members emerged as the most often observed protective factor. The current findings suggest that including meaningful risk and protective factors of detained male jihadists may benefit risk management strategies in prevention, intervention, and policy practices related to violent extremism.