Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chinese Food Image Database for Eating and Appetite Studies

Modern people live in an environment with ubiquitous food cues, including food advertisements, videos, and smells. Do these food cues change people’s eating behavior? Since diet plays a crucial role in maintaining health, it has been researched for decades. As convenient alternatives for real food, food images are widely used in diet research. To date, researchers from Germany, Spain, and other countries have established food photo databases; however, these food pictures are not completely suitable for Chinese studies because of the ingredients and characteristics of Chinese food. The main goal of this research is to create a library of Chinese food images and to provide as complete a data reference as possible for future studies that use food images as experimental material. After standardized processing, we selected 508 common Chinese food pictures with high familiarity and recognizability and attached detailed classifications concerning taste, macronutrients, calories, and participants’ emotional responses to the pictures. Additionally, with food pictures as material, we conducted research on how people make dietary decisions in order to identify the variables that may affect a person’s food choices. The effects of individual perceived healthiness and palatability, gender, BMI, family income, and levels of emotional and restricted eating were examined using eating decisions based on healthiness and palatability as dependent variables. The results showed that people with low household incomes are more likely to be influenced by food taste in their dietary decision-making process, while individuals with high household incomes are more likely to consider the healthy aspects of food. Moreover, parental BMI affects what children consume, with children who have parents with higher BMIs being more prone to overlook the healthiness value of food.
Social Justice Based Teacher Practices: Leadership Roles, Problems, and Proposed Solutions

The purpose of this study is to examine teachers’ social justice-based practices, the outcomes of those practices, the leadership roles revealed in the process, and the problems experienced. The sample of the study consisted of 13 teachers who were reached through the snowball sampling method. 10 middle school and 3 primary school teachers working in three different provinces of Turkey were interviewed during the 2019-2020 school year. The data obtained were analysed through content analysis. According to the findings, social justice-based practices consisted of the stages: recognising the need, decision-making, examination of the examples, and support and evaluation. Teachers demonstrated leadership roles such as problem-solving, having a vision, developing empathy, and team building. These leadership roles enable the implementation process to begin. Issues such as bureaucratic procedures and the need for parent and teacher training were encountered during the practices. It was recommended that social justice-based training activities should be considered in teacher education and the collaboration with local authorities and relevant organisations in these practices should be supported.
Evaluation of Epstein–Barr virus expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) has been related to throat-esophageal and gastric cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of EBV in OSCC. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 48 samples recorded in the archives of the Oral Pathology Department of Isfahan Dental School with definitive diagnosis of OSCCs prepared by excisional biopsy. Samples were selected in different age groups, locations, and genders. The grade of the tumor malignancy was determined based on Annreroth's classification. The EBV expression was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The data were entered into SPSS software and statistically analyzed by t-test, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact test. Significance level was considered P < 0.05. Results: IHC staining for EBV was positive in 25 samples (52%). There was no significant relationship between EBV expression and mean age, gender, clinical feature, and grade of tumor differentiation (P > 0.05). A significant difference was observed between the EBV expression and location (P = 0.035). Furthermore, a significant difference was observed between the grade of tumor and staining intensity distribution index of EBV (P = 0.005). Conclusion: EBV expression was observed in most of the OSCCs, especially in poorly differentiated tumors. The pathogenesis of OSCCs may be related with EBV. OSCCs in buccal mucosa and floor of the mouth have more frequently of EBV expression. Future studies on the mechanisms of EBV and their role in OSCC are required with larger sample sizes.
Does Interprofessional Scenario-Based Simulation Training Change Attitudes Towards Interprofessional Learning – A Pretest-Posttest Study

Purpose To investigate readiness for interprofessional learning (IPL) among Norwegian health-care students at bachelor-, postgraduate- and master’s level, before and after participating in a one-day scenario-based simulation-training course. Participants and Methods A pretest-posttest study using readiness for interprofessional learning scale (RIPLS) was conducted with bachelor nursing students (n = 123, 4th semester), postgraduate nursing students from anesthesia, operating theatre and intensive care (n = 61, 1st semester) and medical students (n = 78, 10th semester). Results Bachelor nursing students and postgraduate nursing students scored significantly higher in the posttest on all four subscales and on the total scale. Between professions, medical students scored significantly higher on subscale 1 (teamwork and collaboration) and subscale 3 (positive professional identity) and significantly lower on subscale 4 (roles and responsibilities) in the pretest. In the posttest bachelor nursing students scored significantly higher on subscale 2 (negative professional identity) and medical students scored significantly lower on subscale 4. The internal consistency for RIPLS was acceptable, except for subscale 4. Conclusion The study indicates readiness for IPL in our sample of Norwegian health-care students. RIPLS had the ability to measure significant changes in attitudes both within each profession and between professions.
Bioinformatics Profiling and Experimental Validation of 4 Differentially-Expressed LIM Genes in the Course of Colorectal-Adenoma-Carcinoma

Background LIM domain proteins play crucial roles in tumors by interacting with diverse proteins. However, their roles in the course of colorectal mucosa-adenoma-carcinoma remain unclear. This study aimed to depict their dynamic expression profiles and elucidate their potential functions in this transition course. Material/Methods Differentially-expressed LIM proteins (DELGs) in paired adenomas, carcinomas, and mucosae were identified using the GEO dataset (GSE 117606) and validated by immunohistochemistry using our tissue microarray. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, WGCNA, module-trait analysis, and KEGG enrichment were conducted. The correlation of DELGs expression levels with immune infiltration was assessed using the ESTIMATE package and TISCH database. The role of DELGs of interest was validated using cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays. Results Four DELGs were identified – LMO3, FHL1, NEBL, and TGFB1I1 – all of which were of significance in prognosis. Module-trait correlation and KEGG enrichment revealed their involvement in cancer-related signaling. Immunohistochemistry showed gradual downregulation of LMO3 but upregulation of NEBL in the mucosa-adenoma-carcinoma sequence. The opposite expression patterns were observed for FHL1 and TGFB1I1 in tumor epithelium and mesenchyme. High expression levels of the DELGs were correlated with increased infiltration of NK, NKT, and macrophages, except for NEBL. Importantly, LMO3 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon epithelial cells. Conclusions This study identified 4 differentially-expressed LIM genes – LMO3, FHL1, TGFB1I1, and NEBL – and revealed they were involved in the mucosa-adenoma-carcinoma sequence via regulating cancer-related pathways, influencing epigenetic field, or affecting immune infiltration. Our findings provide new insights into the roles of LIM proteins in the course of mucosa-adenoma-carcinoma.
Psychiatric Disorders and Genotoxicity Following Primary Metal on Polyethylene Total Hip Arthroplasty and Their Correlation to Cobalt/Chromium Levels

Introduction Hip arthroplasty (HA) using implantable metal components is among the commonest orthopedic interventions. However, it can be followed by several complications following corrosion and the release of metal ions. Several studies proved that damaged genomic DNA may contribute to the pathophysiology of mental disorders. Aim The current work aims to evaluate the psychiatric disorders in metal on polyethylene hip arthroplasty (MOP-HA) patients and its correlation to cobalt/chromium (Co/Cr) levels and genotoxicity. Methods The work was a longitudinal follow-up study including 34 adults with unilateral primary MOP-HA meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Preoperatively, 6, 12-months-postoperatively, patients were examined for cognitive impairment using mini-mental-state-examination (MMSE), depression using major-depressive-inventory (MDI), and blood samples were collected for estimation of Co/Cr, detection of genotoxicity by single-cell-gel-electrophoresis (comet assay) and serum 8-hydroxy-2’–deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Results Cognitive impairment was reported in 18.5% and 14.8% at 6-months, and 12-months postoperative, respectively. Depressive disorder was recorded in 22.2% at 6-months and 14.8% at 12-months postoperative. The marginal homogeneity tests proved a non-significant difference. There was a non-significant difference in preoperative, 6-months, 12-months postoperative MMSE, and MDI scores. There were significantly increased Co/Cr levels at 6-months postoperative. The levels decreased at 12-months postoperative, however, still significantly higher than preoperative values. There was a significant increase in serum 8-OHdG and the levels were positively correlated to cobalt levels at both 6 and 12-months-postoperative. There was a non-significant difference among preoperative, 6-months, and 12-months postoperative comet assay measurements. Conclusion From previous findings, we can conclude that will-functioning MOP hip arthroplasty can induce increased ion levels and positively correlated increase in biochemical markers of genotoxicity (8-OHdG).
Subliminal Emotional Faces Elicit Predominantly Right-Lateralized Amygdala Activation: A Systematic Meta-Analysis of fMRI Studies

Prior research suggests that conscious face processing occurs preferentially in right hemisphere occipito-parietal regions. However, less is known about brain regions associated with non-conscious processing of faces, and whether a right-hemispheric dominance persists in line with specific affective responses. We aim to review the neural responses systematically, quantitatively, and qualitatively underlying subliminal face processing. PubMed was searched for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) publications assessing subliminal emotional face stimuli up to March 2022. Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analyses and narrative reviews were conducted on all studies that met ALE requirements. Risk of bias was assessed using the AXIS tool. In a meta-analysis of all 22 eligible studies (merging clinical and non-clinical populations, whole brain and region of interest analyses), bilateral amygdala activation was reported in the left (x = −19.2, y = 1.5, z = −17.1) in 59% of studies, and in the right (x = 24.4, y = −1.7, z = −17.4) in 68% of studies. In a second meta-analysis of non-clinical participants only (n = 18), bilateral amygdala was again reported in the left (x = −18, y = 3.9, z = −18.4) and right (x = 22.8, y = −0.9, z = −17.4) in 56% of studies for both clusters. In a final meta-analysis of whole-brain studies only (n=14), bilateral amygdala was also reported in the left (x = −20.2, y = 2.9, z = −17.2) in 64% of studies, and right (x = 24.2, y = −0.7, z = −17.8) in 71% of studies. The findings suggest that non-consciously detected emotional faces may influence amygdala activation, especially right-lateralized (a higher percentage of convergence in studies), which are integral for pre-conscious affect and long-term memory processing.
Eco-Stoichiometric Characteristics of Rhizosphere and Bulk Soils of Smilax china L. along Vertical Zone Spectrum of Fanjing Mountain

To explore the correlations between nutrients and stoichiometric characteristics in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of understory Smilax china L. in forest ecosystems at different altitudes and to clarify the rhizosphere effect of understory vegetation in forest ecosystems and its response strategy to altitude, providing a theoretical basis for better forest ecological environment protection and high-quality development in Fanjing Mountain. Understory Smilax china L. at four different altitudes were selected, with the differences and influencing factors of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) mass fractions and stoichiometric ratios in their rhizosphere and bulk soils analyzed. The average mass fractions of total C, total N and alkali-hydrolyzed N in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of Smilax china L. at different altitudes were 224.43 and 181.55 g·kg−1; 9.56 and 6.81 g·kg−1; and 648.19 and 600.70 g·kg−1, respectively. The rhizosphere effect of Smilax china L. was significant at altitudes of 500 m and 1000 m but became not so prominent with the rise of altitude. The C:N ratio in the rhizosphere and bulk soils ranged from 19.51 to 39.75 and the C:P ratio ranged from 225.29 to 543.05. C accumulation is greater than N accumulation in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of Smilax china L. , and both present P limitation. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the mass fractions and eco-stoichiometric ratios of soil nutrients, the P limitation in Fanjing Mountain forest ecosystem is commonly seen and should be addressed.
Micro-shear bond strength of different surface treatments on a polymer infiltrated ceramic network

Background: Polymer infiltrated ceramic networks, or hybrid ceramics, are a combination of infiltrating polymerizable organic monomers into a pre-sintered porous ceramic matrix. In addition to having good mechanical properties, the polymer infiltrated ceramic network must comply with the possibility of adequate bonding to the resinous cement. The surface conditioning of this hybrid material must be carefully considered due to its organic composition and ceramic network. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of hydrofluoric acid and a self-etching ceramic primer, under two different application times, on the bond strength of a polymer infiltrated ceramic network. Methods: Blocks of a polymer infiltrated ceramic network were cut to obtain sheets, and these were randomized into five groups. For the group termed AAS, airborne-particle abrasion with Al 2O 3 (aluminum oxide) of 50µm was used. For groups HF2 and HF6, hydrofluoric acid was used for 20 and 60 seconds respectively, and for the groups MB2 and MB6, a self-etch ceramic primer was applied for 20 and 60 seconds respectively. A silane was applied to the groups AAS, HF2, and HF6 after the treatment. After 24-hour storage in distilled water, a micro-shear bond strength test was performed using a universal mechanical testing machine. All samples were evaluated in a stereomicroscope at 40x and 50x to determine the type of failure. Results: The highest and lowest values of bond strength were reported by groups MB6 and AAS, respectively. Groups HF2, HF6, MB6, and MB2 did not report statistically significant differences. The predominant failure pattern was a mixed failure. Conclusions: With the limitations of the present investigation, the treatments of self-etching ceramic primer and hydrofluoric acid followed by silane were reported to be statistically equal at 20 and 60 seconds.
Can You Sleep? – Effect of Retrospective Recall of Child Maltreatment on Sleep Parameters and the Mediating Role of Psychological Distress Among Students of Two German Universities

Purpose Child maltreatment may be linked with long-term sleeping disorders and limited coping with stress. Yet, the potential relationships are only marginally studied. Patients and Methods Based on a sample of young adults (n = 312) this study aims at exploring the effects of child maltreatment and the experience of threat to personal safety and life in childhood on sleep disturbances in early adulthood. Data were collected at the two study sites, Ulm University and Bielefeld University, by an online survey. For both risk factors, child maltreatment and the experience of threat to personal safety and life in childhood, a direct impact on sleep disturbances and an indirect path via psychological distress were tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Results In these models, the direct path to sleep disturbances turned out to be significant for the experience of threat to personal safety and life (Path C: b = 0.18, p = 0.013), but not for child maltreatment (Path C: b = 0.05, p = 0.491). However, the current level of psychological distress was found to have a mediating effect on sleep disturbances for both risk factors, thereby confirming indirect significant effects. Conclusion Considering that the etiological pathway of child maltreatment on sleeping disturbances is mediated via psychological distress, this provides a venue to test in future research whether stress reduction interventions can reduce the negative consequences of child maltreatment on sleep disorders.
A Significant Tornado in a Heterogeneous Environment During VORTEX-SE

On 1 March 2016, an EF2 tornado occurred near Birmingham, AL, and was examined as part of VORTEX-SE. The boundary-layer environment near the tornadic supercell was heterogeneous in space and unsteady in time, with what typically would be considered an excellent proximity sounding. In this case, however, the proximity sounding severely underestimated the CAPE. SPC mesoanalyses substantially underestimated the CAPE and wind shear as well. Tornadogenesis occurred near a weak, frontogenetical thermal boundary, where evaporation from antecedent light showers had also increased dewpoint values. A local maximum in surface dewpoint (and instability), and a local maximum in helicity both existed near the region of frontogenesis. As a QLCS moved into the region of higher CAPE air, part of it became supercellular. Tornadogenesis occurred near the local maximum in surface dewpoint.
Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen-like 1 and Fibrinogen-like 2 Proteins, and Their Effects

Fibrinogen (Fg) and its derivatives play a considerable role in many diseases. For example, increased levels of Fg have been found in many inflammatory diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and cancer. Although associations of Fg, Fg chains, and its derivatives with various diseases have been established, their specific effects and the mechanisms of actions involved are still unclear. The present review is the first attempt to discuss the role of Fg, Fg chains, its derivatives, and other members of Fg family proteins, such as Fg-like protein 1 and 2, in inflammatory diseases and their effects in immunomodulation.
Renal Amyloidosis: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Profile in Adults from One Nephrology Center

Background Renal amyloidosis is one of the main differential diagnoses of nephrotic proteinuria in adults and the elderly. The aim of this study with the most important series in our country is to contribute to the epidemiological, clinical, and etiological study of the renal amyloidosis. Methods In a retrospective study carried out between 1975 and 2019, 310 cases of histologically proven and typed renal amyloidosis were selected for this study. Results There were 209 men and 101 women with a mean age of 53.8 ± 15.4 years (range, 17–84 years). Of the 310 cases, 255 (82.3%) were diagnosed with AA renal amyloidosis and 55 (17.7%) with non-AA amyloidosis. Infections were the main cause of AA amyloidosis, and tuberculosis was the most frequent etiology. The period from the onset of the underlying disease to diagnosis of the renal amyloidosis was an average of 177 months. The most frequent manifestations at the time of diagnosis were nephrotic syndrome (84%), chronic renal failure (30.3%), and end-stage renal disease (37.8%). After a medium follow-up of 16 months (range, 0–68 months), mortality occurred in 60 cases. Conclusions Given the high frequency of AA amyloidosis in our country, awareness of the proper management of infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases remains a priority in reducing the occurrence of this serious disease.
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Adipose Tissue Derived Stem Cells, and Cellular Stromal Vascular Fraction on the Repair of Acute Anal Sphincter Injury in Rats

Background: Anal sphincter incontinence (ASI) can cause a serious decline in the quality of life and can cause a socioeconomic burden. Studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have significant therapeutic effects on ASI, but the cost and risk of MSC harvest limit their further application. In contrast, adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSC) and cellular stromal vascular fraction (CSVF) as stem cell sources have multipotency and the advantage of easy harvest. Objective: Here we aim to investigate the effects of ADSC and CSVF on treating ASI and compare them to that of bone marrow MSC. Methods: Bone marrow MSC, ADSC, and CSVF were obtained and labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP), and CSVF was labeled with DIL. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 5 groups. Four groups were injected with 0.2 mL phosphate buffer saline (PBS), 1 × 107/0.2 mL of MSC, ADSC, or CSVF, respectively, after model establishment. The control group received no treatment. The repair was assessed by anal functional tests and immunostaining on day 5 and day 10 after injection. Results: MSC, ADSC, and CSVF significantly promoted tissue repair and the recovery of muscle contraction and electromyographic activity in ASI. The generation of myosatellite cells by injected MSC, ADSC, and CSVF was found in the wounded area. On day 5, CSVF showed highest therapeutic effect, while on day 10, MSC and ADSC showed higher therapeutic effects than CSVF. When comparing the effects of MSC and ADSC, ADSC was slightly better than MSC in the indexes of anal pressure, etc. Conclusion: ADSC and CVSF are alternative stem cell sources for ASI repair.