Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipid profiles in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Background : The aims of this study were the identification of the abnormalities in lipid profiles and the correlations between serum lipid profiles and inflammatory parameters in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods : The subjects were 50 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who have been treated in rheumatology clinic, Yeungnam University Hospital. Serum lipids and apolipoproteins were measured and compared with those of age- and sex-matched controls. In systemic lupus erythematosus group, disease activities were assessed by systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Results : All lipid profiles were within normal range but most of lipoprotein levels were higher in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus than controls. Triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein were statistically significant (p=0.001, p=0.023, and p=0.001 respectively). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were significantly increased in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with proteinuria ( 100 mg/dL/24hr) than in patients without proteinuria. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein had positive correlations and apolipoprotein A-II had negative correlation with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index. Low-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein 13 had positive correlations, high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A-II had negative correlations with erythrocyte sedimentation rate. But differences of lipid profiles according to the duration of disease and total doses of steroid were not significant. Conclusion : This study showed that triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and very-low-density lipoprotein in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were higher than controls. Total cholesterol and LDL in patients with SLE had positive correlations with disease activities.
A Numerical Study of Convection Initiation Associated With a Gust Front in Bohai Bay Region, North China

Convection initiation (CI) associated with a cold pool gust front (GF) of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) occurred in the Bohai Bay region, North China, is investigated using a real‐data, high‐resolution Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) simulation. Observations revealed that many CIs occurred successively near the GF, most of which developed significantly in both size and intensity and eventually merged with the MCS. The WRF simulation captured the general features of the CIs, GF, and MCS. Lagrangian vertical momentum budgets were conducted along the backward trajectories of air parcels within a convective cell initiated near the GF. The total vertical acceleration was decomposed into dynamic and buoyant components. The results showed that the dynamic acceleration played a decisive role for the CI, which can be further decomposed into five terms. The horizontal curvature term was rather small, with the height variation of air density almost zero. Although both vertical and horizontal extension terms played a positive role during the CI process, the vertical twisting term had the greatest contribution to the CI. This reflects the vertical tilting (to the forward of the GF) of an elevated updraft which was generated by the convergence of a forward‐tilting updraft at the GF leading edge and another airflow coming from ahead of the GF.
Low‐Latitude Calcareous Nannofossil Response in the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool Across the Eocene‐Oligocene Transition of Java, Indonesia

We reconstruct the calcareous nannofossil response to the Eocene‐Oligocene Transition (EOT)—the most significant climate transition of the Cenozoic—in the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool. Data from south central Java consist of species relative abundance counts of well‐preserved nannofossil assemblages. From the late middle Eocene to early Oligocene species biodiversity declined, with the most rapid species loss occurring across the latest Eocene rosette‐shaped discoaster extinction event (DEE; ~34.44–34.77 Ma). A decline in abundance of oligotrophic indicator taxa across the DEE indicates increased nutrient supply to the tropical surface ocean in the early stages of the EOT. The mean lith size of reticulofenestrids also increases across the DEE driven by a marked reduction in the abundance of small Reticulofenestra morphotypes (<3.5 μm). There is no preferential loss of larger Reticulofenestra cell sizes (coccoliths > 8 μm) across the EOT, indicating that coccolith size was apparently not limited by atmospheric CO2 concentrations at this time. Overall, the main phase of tropical phytoplankton ecosystem change preceded the interval of rapid Antarctic ice sheet growth and is closely associated with the biotic perturbations that define the start of the EOT. This suggests that enhancement of Southern Ocean controls on tropical ocean biogeochemistry and nutrient pathways may have played a role in triggering the transition to an icehouse climate state.
Physicochemical Characteristics Analysis of Biomass and Calorie Values of Several Types of Bamboo in Typologies of Altitude in Different Growing Sites

Bamboo plants in West Sumatra spread from the lowlands to the highlands elevation with the varieties that are very diverse and their usefulness to the community is also very diverse. Some varieties of bamboo plants in the highlands of West Sumatra are currently used by the community as a source of energy (fuel) in the agricultural processing industry. The type of bamboo that is often used as fuel is betung and buluh. There are differences in the characteristics of biomass in the three types of bamboo plants that are important to be considered as a source of biomass. Type of Betung which is grown in the highlands has an average stem height of 15 meters with the number of stems per ha approximately between 60.968 – 76,800 stems. The aim of the study was to see the physiochemical characteristics of different types of bamboo in various typologies of elevation of growing site. There are variations in the physicochemical properties of bamboo at different varieties and at different elevations of growing sites.
Effect of prescribed sea surface conditions on the modern and future Antarctic surface climate simulated by the ARPEGE atmosphere general circulation model

Abstract. Owing to increase in snowfall, the Antarctic Ice Sheet surface mass balance is expected to increase by the end of the current century. Assuming no associated response of ice dynamics, this will be a negative contribution to sea-level rise. However, the assessment of these changes using dynamical downscaling of coupled climate model projections still bears considerable uncertainties due to poorly represented high-southern-latitude atmospheric circulation and sea surface conditions (SSCs), that is sea surface temperature and sea ice concentration. This study evaluates the Antarctic surface climate simulated using a global high-resolution atmospheric model and assesses the effects on the simulated Antarctic surface climate of two different SSC data sets obtained from two coupled climate model projections. The two coupled models from which SSCs are taken, MIROC-ESM and NorESM1-M, simulate future Antarctic sea ice trends at the opposite ends of the CMIP5 RCP8.5 projection range. The atmospheric model ARPEGE is used with a stretched grid configuration in order to achieve an average horizontal resolution of 35 km over Antarctica. Over the 1981–2010 period, ARPEGE is driven by the SSCs from MIROC-ESM, NorESM1-M and CMIP5 historical runs and by observed SSCs. These three simulations are evaluated against the ERA-Interim reanalyses for atmospheric general circulation as well as the MAR regional climate model and in situ observations for surface climate. For the late 21st century, SSCs from the same coupled climate models forced by the RCP8.5 emission scenario are used both directly and bias-corrected with an anomaly method which consists in adding the future climate anomaly from coupled model projections to the observed SSCs with taking into account the quantile distribution of these anomalies. We evaluate the effects of driving the atmospheric model by the bias-corrected instead of the original SSCs. For the simulation using SSCs from NorESM1-M, no significantly different climate change signals over Antarctica as a whole are found when bias-corrected SSCs are used. For the simulation driven by MIROC-ESM SSCs, a significant additional increase in precipitation and in winter temperatures for the Antarctic Ice Sheet is obtained when using bias-corrected SSCs. For the range of Antarctic warming found ( +3 to +4 K), we confirm that snowfall increase will largely outweigh increases in melt and rainfall. Using the end members of sea ice trends from the CMIP5 RCP8.5 projections, the difference in warming obtained ( ∼ 1 K) is much smaller than the spread of the CMIP5 Antarctic warming projections. This confirms that the errors in representing the Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation in climate models are also determinant for the diversity of their projected late 21st century Antarctic climate change.
Global Attribution of Runoff Variance Across Multiple Timescales

Previous findings on the relative importance of driving factors to runoff have been controversial, and the relative contribution of driving factors behind the temporal variance of runoff (Rv) still remains unquantified at a global scale. Here, we present a new framework to quantify the driving factors behind Rv globally by decomposing Rv into the temporal variance of precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (E0), total water storage change (∆S), and other factors (represented by n in Budyko equation), such as climate seasonality, land cover, and human impact, at intra‐annual, interannual, and multiannual timescales. The results reveal that P controls Rv at different timescales in most parts of the globe. P has distinctly larger impacts on Rv in humid basins at the multiannual scale, while other factors have larger impacts in arid basins. We highlight the different impacts of driving factors on Rv at multiple timescales, which contradicts previous global assessments that assess the relative importance by sensitivity.
Catalytic polymer pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis and characterisation of the formed coke

The increasing energy demand coupled with the restrictive environmental policies and decreasing reserves of light fossil fuels are contributing to the development of new alternative routes for a sustainable supply of refining and petrochemical products. The co-feeding of polymer and biomass into a petroleum refinery processing could decrease our dependence on petroleum feedstocks. In contrast to petroleum-derived feedstocks, biomass contains significant amounts of oxygen, and their conversion into liquid fuels requires oxygen removal. The direct feeding of biomass or biomass derived bio-oil in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) requires critical feasibility studies to ascertain it is workability. The use of biomass and plastic waste in a petroleum refinery is to utilise the already built and existing infrastructure for fuels and chemical production which require little capital cost investment. // Coke deposition has attracted great interest in the studies of bio-oil cracking. In catalytic cracking, a significant portion of the feedstock is converted to a carbonaceous deposit on the catalyst. It was necessary to characterise the nature of this process because of it is commercial importance. In industrial operation, carbonaceous have long been recognised as the most prevailing reason for practical zeolite catalyst deactivation leading to significant problems of great technical, economic, and environmental concerns. The coke formation reduced the number of catalytically active sites on the catalyst leading to a decrease in catalyst cavity volume and available surface area resulting in a change in the selectivity and activity of the catalyst. In a severe coking process, the reaction is interrupted with the mass transportation of reactant and product generation undesirably blocked. Coke formation in co-processing of hydrocarbons and oxygenates are generated either through oxygenate pathway or hydrocarbon pathway. // Microbalance technology based on GaPO4 crystals has shown to be effective for high-temperature operation. This result suggests that the GCM can be utilised as a highly sensitive, low-cost sensor and microscale technology to study heterogeneous catalytic process at high temperatures, as well as an in- situ device for incorporation into reactors for control and monitoring purposes. This technology would allow to measure easily and effectively the working status of catalyst and to respond instantaneously to irregularities during the chemical process such as catalyst deactivation and coking processes.
Analysis of HLA-DRB1 polymorphism for patienets with allergic rhinitis of Han people in Xinjiang

Objective To investigate the association of HLA-DRB1 alleles and artemisia pollen allergic patients of han people in xinjiang.Methods By using PCR-SSP(sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction),we tested fifty Han people with allergic rhinitis with hypersensitivity to artemisia pollen in xinjiang.The control group included fifty Han people in the region.Results The frequencies of HLA-DRB111 were higher in the han group with allergic rhinitis(9%)than in the relative control group(2%)(P0.05). The other alleles frequencies had no significant differences in the allergic rhinitis group and in the control group.Conclusion The investigation indicated that HLA-DRB111 might be associated with the han patients with allergic rhinitis.
Successful midlife aging in a changing work environment: A model of midlife adaptation

Given that midlife workers make up an increasingly larger portion of the workforce today, it is imperative that researchers investigate how current changes ini the I work environment are impacting individuals in their ' midlives. Thus, the paper's focus was on a systematic examination of the work adaptation process of midlife workers. The goal of the paper, was to construct a model of midlife work adaptation that depicts a basic framework outlining coping processes by which midlife adults use to approach changes identified in the current midlife context that challenge them cognitively, physically, and emotionally. The model's fit was tested using archival data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) survey. The first conclusion of the study was that the absence of stress does predict successful midlife aging in a changing work environment. The second conclusion was that comparative resources increase the likelihood of a context absent of stressful effects present in the current context of midlife. Lastly, it was concluded that comparative resources predicts successful midlife aging in a changing work environment. The study's findings indicate that comparative resources in midlife, both external and internal, do play a very significant role in adaptation
The Effect of Orange Peel Essential Oil on Postpartum Depression and Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: Mothers are vulnerable to mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, in the 6-week postpartum period after delivery. Objectives: This study was performed to determine the potential effect of orange peel essential oil on postpartum depression and anxiety. Patients and Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial consisted of 96 postpartum women. Qualified samples were assigned to intervention and control groups using randomized blocking. The intervention group drank a glass of water containing 10 drops of orange peel essential oil, and the control group drank a glass a water containing 10 drops of placebo, 3 times a day, after each meal for 8 weeks. The subjects completed depression and anxiety questionnaires before and after the intervention. A general linear model was used to analyze the data. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and depression and anxiety scores before and after the intervention (P > 0.05). At the end of the 8th week, the mean depression score (standard deviation [SD]) was 6.7 (4.7) in the orange peel essential oil group and 6.7 (4.9) in the placebo group (P = 0.956). The mean state anxiety score was 47.6 (3.8) in the orange peel essential oil group and 48.4 (4.1) in the placebo group (P = 0.197). The mean trait anxiety score was 45.6 (3.5) in the orange peel essential oil group and 45.9 (3.8) in the placebo group (P = 0.726). Conclusions: Orange peel essential oil did not reduce postpartum depression and anxiety.
How Sudden, Intense Energetic Electron Enhancements Correlate With the Innermost Plasmapause Locations Under Various Solar Wind Drivers and Geomagnetic Conditions

In this report, the relationship between innermost plasmapause locations (Lpp) and initial electron enhancements during both storm and nonstorm (Dst > −30 nT) periods are examined using data from the Van Allen Probes. The geomagnetic storms are classified into coronal mass ejection (CME)‐driven and corotating interaction region (CIR)‐driven storms to explore their influences on the initial electron enhancements, respectively. We also study nonstorm time electron enhancements and observe frequent, sudden (within two consecutive orbital passes) <400‐keV electron enhancements during quiet periods. Our analysis reveals an incredibly cohesive observation that holds regardless of electron energies (~30 keV–2.5 MeV) or geomagnetic conditions: the innermost Lpp is the innermost boundary of the initial energetic electron enhancements. Interestingly, the quantified energy‐dependent relationship of the sudden, intense energetic electron enhancements, with respect to the innermost Lpp, also exhibit a very similar trend during both storm and nonstorm periods. In summary, the goal of this report is to provide a comprehensive quantification of this consistent relationship under various geomagnetic conditions, which will also enable better forecast and specification of energetic electrons in the inner magnetosphere.
Absenteeism and accidents in a dangerous environment: Empirical analysis of underground coal mines.

Very few studies on absenteeism have examined its consequences. Most studies have focused on its causes. Our study examined the effects or consequences of absenteeism on accidents. Data were gathered from production crews in five underground coal mines. A unique data set was created that traced on a daily basis the absence event, the company's policy on replacement, and the occurrence of an accident. The concept of familiarity was introduced to explain the impact of absenteeism on accidents. The basic data showed that absenteeism increased the chances for accidents in certain categories of unfamiliarity. Implications for manpower policy and absentee research are discussed. This article examines empirically the relation between absenteeism and accidents. The basic question is What effect does absenteeism have on the number of accidents? A unique data set from underground coal mining crews is used to examine this question. Our analysis differs from most for at least three reasons. First, we focus on the consequences, rather than causes of absenteeism. A current review of the absenteeism literature would show that most of the literature (cf. Steers & Rhodes, 1984) is concerned with identifying predictors of absenteeism. There are very few studies on the effects of absenteeism on behavior (Goodman & Atkin, 1984). Second, of the existing studies of consequences of absenteeism, most focus on the financial costs of absenteeism (Goodman & Atkin, 1984). Our study examines a largely unresearched, but very important, consequence of absenteeism—safety or accidents. Third, our motivation is policy relevance: If there is a relation between absenteeism and accidents, then it may be possible to modify manning strategies to reduce accidents. Thus, this research may have theoretical significance as well as practical implications for reducing accidents.
Drought characteristics and its impact on changes in surface vegetation from 1981 to 2015 in the Yangtze River Basin, China

Located in the subtropical monsoon climate area of China, the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) had been frequently affected by drought events recently. Based on standardized precipitation evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI), the characteristics of drought in the YRB and the influence of drought on vegetation in different seasons were investigated by maximum correlation (Rmax) between 1981 and 2015. The results showed that: (a) Droughts occurred frequently but had no obvious regularity in the YRB from 1981 to 2015. The drought intensity in autumn and winter were slightly higher than that in spring and summer. The autumn droughts in Sichuan Basin were the most serious, followed by the spring droughts in the middle and lower reaches of the YRB; (b) Annual SPEI series at 102 stations exhibited a downward trend and 72 stations exhibited an upward trend. There was no station showing a significant downward trend and two stations showing a significant upward trend. There was a drying trend in autumn and winter, and a wetting trend in spring and summer. The eastern area of the YRB shows a more arid trend in spring and autumn, as well as in the southwest in winter; (c) 90% of YRB showed a significant positive correlation (p < .05) between SPEI and EVI during the growing season (March–October), and the vegetation was more sensitive to short‐term and medium‐term drought. However, there were spatial and seasonal differences in the impact of drought on vegetation. Different types of land cover had different responses to droughts. Grasslands and croplands were more sensitive to droughts, grasslands at low elevation was dominated by short‐term droughts, while at high elevation was influenced by medium‐long‐ and long‐term droughts. Croplands and woodlands were more vulnerable to short‐term droughts.
Constraining Uncertainties in CMIP5 Projections of September Arctic Sea Ice Extent with Observations

In agreement with observations, Earth system models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) simulate a decline in September Arctic sea ice extent (SIE) over the past decades. However, the spread in their twenty-first-century SIE projections is large and the timing of the first ice-free Arctic summer ranges from 2020 to beyond 2100. The uncertainties arise from three sources (internal variability, model uncertainty, and scenario uncertainty), which are quantified in this study for projections of SIE. The goal is to narrow uncertainties by applying multiple diagnostic ensemble regression (MDER). MDER links future projections of sea ice extent to processes relevant to its simulation under present-day conditions using data covering the past 40 years. With this method, we can reduce model uncertainty in projections of SIE for the period 2020–44 by 30%–50% (0.8–1.3 million km2). Compared to the unweighted multimodel mean, the MDER-weighted mean projects an about 20% smaller SIE and an earlier near-disappearance of Arctic sea ice by more than a decade for a high–greenhouse gas scenario. We also show that two different methods estimating internal variability in SIE differ by 1 million km2. Regardless, the total uncertainties in the SIE projections remain large (up to 3.5 million km2, with irreducible internal variability contributing 30%) so that a precise time estimate of an ice-free Arctic proves impossible. We conclude that unweighted CMIP5 multimodel-mean projections of Arctic SIE are too optimistic and mitigation strategies to reduce Arctic warming need to be intensified.