Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early vascular healing after neXt-generation drug-eluting stent implantation in Patients with non-ST Elevation acute Coronary syndrome based on optical coherence Tomography guidance and evaluation (EXPECT): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background There is limited evidence about vessel wall healing response following implantation of next-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) in patients admitted with a non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). Cumulative data indicate that optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging can optimize percutaneous coronary intervention results and expedite stent endothelialization in the general population but there is lack of data in NSTE-ACS patients. Methods The EXPECT study is an investigator-initiated, prospective, randomized trial to assess early vascular healing response following next-generation DES implantation in patients admitted with NSTE-ACS based on OCT guidance and evaluation. Sixty patients are randomized at 1:1:1 ratio to OCT-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with 3-month follow-up OCT imaging (O3 group, n = 20), to angiography-guided PCI with 3-month follow-up OCT imaging (A3 group, n = 20) and to angiography-guided PCI with 6-month follow-up OCT imaging (A6 group, n = 20). The primary endpoint of the study is stent strut coverage rate at 3- or 6- month follow-up in the studied groups. The secondary endpoints of the study include OCT imaging endpoints, clinical endpoints, and molecular biology endpoints at the different time points. The clinical endpoints comprised of major cardiovascular adverse events and individual components. The molecular biology endpoints comprised of lipid levels and the levels of inflammatory indicators. Discussion The findings of the EXPECT study are anticipated to provide novel insights into vessel wall healing in NSTE-ACS population following implantation of next-generation DES, underscore the value of OCT imaging in expediting strut coverage in this setting, and explore the potential of an early discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in this population. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04375319.
The Effect of Sex on Disease Stage and Survival after Radical Cystectomy in Non-Urothelial Variant-Histology Bladder Cancer

Background: Female sex in patients treated by radical cystectomy (RC) is associated with more advanced stage and worse survival. However, studies supporting these findings mostly or exclusively relied on urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (UCUB) and did not address non-urothelial variant-histology bladder cancer (VH BCa). We hypothesized that female sex is associated with a more advanced stage and worse survival in VH BCa, similarly to that of UCUB. Materials and Methods: Within the SEER database (2004–2016), we identified patients aged ≥18 years, with histologically confirmed VH BCa, and treated with comprehensive RC. Logistic regression addressing the non-organ-confined (NOC) stage, as well as cumulative incidence plots and competing risks regression addressing CSM for females vs. males, were fitted. All analyses were repeated in stage-specific and VH-specific subgroups. Results: Overall, 1623 VH BCa patients treated with RC were identified. Of those, 38% were female. Adenocarcinoma (n = 331, 33%), neuroendocrine tumor (n = 304, 18%), and other VH (n = 317, 37%) were less frequent in females but not squamous cell carcinoma (n = 671, 51%). Across all VH subgroups, female patients had higher NOC rates than males did (68 vs. 58%, p < 0.001), and female sex was an independent predictor of NOC VH BCa (OR = 1.55, p = 0.0001). Overall, five-year cancer-specific mortality (CSM) were 43% for females vs. 34% for males (HR = 1.25, p = 0.02). Conclusion: In VH BC patients treated with comprehensive RC, female sex is associated with a more advanced stage. Independently of stage, female sex also predisposes to higher CSM.
A microfluidic system for studies of stress response in single cells using optical tweezers

In recent years there has been a growing interest in the use of optical manipulation techniques, such as optical tweezers, in biological research as the full potential of such applications are being realized. Biological research is developing towards the study of single entities to reveal new behaviors that cannot be discovered with more traditional ensemble techniques. To be able to study single cells we have developed a new method where a combination of micro-fluidics and optical tweezers was used. Micro-fluidic channels were fabricated using soft lithography. The channels consisted of a Y-shaped junction were two channels merged into one. By flowing different media in the two channels in laminar flow we were able to create a sharp concentration gradient at the junction. Single cells were trapped by the tweezers and the micro-fluidic system allowed fast environmental changes to be made for the cell in a reversible manner. The time required to change the surroundings of the cell was limited to how sharp mixing region the system could create, thus how far the cells had to be moved using the optical tweezers. With this new technique cellular response in single cells upon fast environmental changes could be investigated in real time. The cellular response was detected by monitoring variations in the cell by following the localization of fluorescently tagged proteins within the cell.
The Difference of COVID-19 Vaccination Attitude, Preventive Measures and Knowledge of SARS-COV-2 Between Diabetic Patients and Healthy Citizens in China

Purpose The outbreak of coronavirus disease has become an evolving global health crisis with wide-ranging implications. Clinical researches from several countries have reported greater morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 patients with diabetes. SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccines are currently the relatively effective means of prevention. The research was aimed to explore the attitudes of diabetic patients towards COVID-19 vaccine and the knowledge of COVID-19 related epidemiology and epidemic prevention. Methods This case–control study was carried out in China via online and offline surveys. Knowledge questionnaire of COVID-19 and drivers of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Scale (DrVac-COVID19S) were used to compare the difference of COVID-19 vaccination attitude, preventive measures, and knowledge of SARS-COV-2 between diabetic patients and healthy citizens. Results The diabetic patients showed lower vaccination willingness and insufficient knowledge of the transmission route and common symptoms of COVID-19. Only 60.99% diabetic patients were willing to be vaccinated. Less than half of diabetics knew the COVID-19 spread by surface touch (34.04%) or aerosol (20.57%). The common symptoms like shortness of breath/ anorexia/ fatigue/ nausea/vomiting/diarrhea (34.04%) and panic and chest tightness (19.15%) were not well comprehend too. Diabetes patients shown lower report intentions when they contact a person infected with the virus (81.56%) or have any of the disease symptoms (74.47%). Values, knowledge, and autonomy assessed by the DrVac-COVID19S scale also showed negative attitude of vaccination in patients with diabetes. Also, patient with diabetes pay less attention to national (56.03%) and international (51.77%) COVID-19 updates. The willingness to attend COVID-19 lectures (27.66%) or read information leaflets (70.92%) was low. Conclusion Vaccination is the effective available method for preventing the virus. Social and medical workers can increase the vaccination of diabetic patients through knowledge’s popularization and patient’s education based on the above differences.
Loss increase for optical fibers exposed to hydrogen atmosphere

Loss spectrum changes for optical fibers exposed to a hydrogen atmosphere in the 15-200\deg C temperature range are measured. Loss increase due to molecular hydrogen dissolved into fibers is investigated from the loss peak at 1.24 μm, and that due to hydroxyl group formation from the loss peak at 1.41 μm. The loss increase due to molecular hydrogen is fully explained by physical solubility theory and diffusion equation. The empirical formula for time, temperature, and hydrogen-pressure dependences of the loss increase due to hydroxyl group formation is evaluated from the experimental results. The loss increase at 1.3- and 1.5-μm wavelength band at room temperature are estimated.
The radio structure of Menzel 3

We present the first radio continuum images of the evolved late-type stellar object, Menzel 3 (Mz 3), made with multifrequency observations using the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The maximum resolutions attained are 1, 2, 4 and 7 arcsec. At each frequency investigated, the large-scale radio structure is reminiscent of that seen at infrared and optical wavelengths. In the highest-frequency image of resolution 1 arcsec, the radio brightness distribution is dominated by a compact core emission feature, which we attribute to the ionization of either the last exhalation of the superwind (single progenitor scenario) or to the ongoing stellar wind from a companion (binary scenario). At the higher frequencies investigated, we find that this core ionized outflow is asymmetric, optically thick and has a spectral index consistent with that of thermal emission. The mass loss rate associated with the core emission feature is 7 x 10 -5 M ○. yr -1 . We discuss this outflow and favour its origin as being due to a companion. Extending from either side of the compact core, at PA ∼ 120° with respect to the bipolar axis, we find evidence for wings of emission that may be due to the ionized inner surface of an equatorial collimating disc; this surface has dimensions 7 x 1.5 arcsec 2 (8800 x 1900 au 2 at 1.3 kpc). We suggest that this feature may be part of the circumbinary accretion disc suggested recently by Kastner et al. We measure low brightness temperatures, which we attribute to there being unresolved condensations on sub-arcsecond scales within the beam size.
Multicolour CCD surface photometry for E and S0 galaxies in 10 clusters

CCD surface photometry for 232 E and S0 galaxies is presented. The galaxies are observed in Gunn r and Johnson B, or Gunn r and g. For 48 of the galaxies surface photometry in Johnson U is also presented. Aperture magnitudes in Gunn v are derived for half of the galaxies. Galaxies in the following clusters have been observed: Abell 194, Abell 539, Abell 3381, Abell 3574, Abell S639, Abell S753, HydraI (Abell 1060), DC2345 - 28, Doradus and Grm15. The data are part of our ongoing study of the large-scale motions in the Universe and the physical background for the fundamental plane. We use a full model fitting technique for analysing the CCD images. This gives radial profiles of local surface brightness, colour, ellipticity and position angle. The residuals relative to the elliptical isophotes are described quantitatively by Fourier expansions. Effective radius, mean surface brightness and total magnitude are derived by fitting a de Vaucouleurs r(1/4) growth curve. We have derived a characteristic radius r(n) similar to the diameter D-n introduced by Dressier et al. The derivation of the effective parameters and of r(n) takes the seeing into account. We confirm the results by Saglia et al. that the effects of the seeing can be substantial. Seeing-corrected Values of the effective parameters and r(n) are also presented for 147 E and S0 galaxies in the Coma cluster. Colours, colour gradients and geometrical parameters are derived. The photometry is internally consistent within 0.016 mag. Comparison with the photoelectric aperture photometry from Burstein et al. shows a mean offset of 0.010 mag with an rms scatter of 0.034 mag. The global photometric parameters are compared with data from Faber et al., Lucey et al. and Lucey and Carter. These comparisons imply that the typical rms errors are as follows - log r(n): +/- 0.015; log r(e): +/-0.045; m(T): +/-0.09 mag; [mu](e): +/-0.16 mag. The rms error on the combination log r(e)- 0.35 [mu](e) which enters the fundamental plane is +/-0.020. Also, comparisons with data from Saglia et al. are presented. The accuracy of the absolute photometry, as well as the derived parameters, makes the data suitable for our investigations of the fundamental plane and of the large-scale motions in the Universe.
Baroclinic instability on a sphere in two‐layer models

The baroclinic instability problem is studied for various two-layer zonal velocity profiles on a sphere for both quasi-geostrophic (P) and modified-geostrophic (L) models, the latter containing nongeostrophic advection of temperature. Critical amplitudes for instability and other properties for the rigid rotation profile are obtained for a wide range of values of the static stability, and results of previous studies on the sphere are related and shown to be mutually consistent. Critical amplitudes are also obtained for some jet profiles, and unstable midlatitude jet profiles with values of the static stability and shear representative of the atmosphere are studied in detail. In particular it is found for the latter that heat fluxes (in the L model) are larger in the lower layer than in the upper, and that their equatorward components (at high and low latitudes) are small; also, there are no growing modes with large equatorial flows as found for the rigid rotation profile. A simple hypothesis which relates the pattern of momentum fluxes to the β-plane stability criterion, and is consistent with all known results, is proposed. The results, particularly growth rates and stream functions, are compared with those of simplified and multilevel models. For the most unstable mode the differences between the two-layer and multilevel results are not as large as might be expected on the basis of previous studies, and reasons for this are stated.
Longitudinal leaky surface waves for high frequency SAW device applications

Longitudinal leaky surface waves with a phase velocity of 6700 m/s and low propagation loss on lithium tetraborate (LBO) are reviewed. Moreover, the dispersion properties of longitudinal leaky surface waves propagating under the periodic Al strip grating on LBO are described theoretically and experimentally, for applications of the mode to the high frequency SAW devices. The theoretical method is based on Floquet's theorem using space harmonics as an orthogonal function set. It is found that the propagation loss at the lower edge of the first Bragg stopband for shorted gratings is relatively low. The parameters used in the electrical equivalent circuit model for designing the SAW filters, are obtained from the calculated dispersion curves. A 1.5 GHz SAW filter using the mode has been designed and fabricated for the filter of the global positioning system (GPS). A low loss SAW filter can be obtained easily without submicron fabrication techniques, by using the longitudinal leaky surface waves on LBO.
Atmospheric-turbulence-effects correction factors for the laser range equation

The capability to detect an optical target using laser illumination is typically assessed using an equation commonly referred to as the laser range equation. In practice, however, the laser range equation often produces unreliable predictions when compared to actual results under field conditions. The lack of accuracy is due in large part to the failure of the range equation to account for the effects of atmospheric turbulence on the illuminating laser beam. Retrodirective reflections from a corner cube and a simple lens-mirror system, used as a surrogate for a lens-detector optical system, were studied using near-infrared laser illumination. Each optic was tested under a variety of atmospheric conditions in order to assess the effect of atmospheric turbulence on the returned power. Using established theory, a corrective term for use in the laser range equation that accounts for turbulence-induced beam spreading is developed and compared to experimental results. Additionally, a method for correcting the lab-measured optical cross section of a focused optical system in order to account for the defocusing effects of turbulence is developed. With these corrective terms, the laser range equation was modified to provide accurate return-power predictions under varied atmospheric conditions.
Mobility edge in aperiodic Kronig-Penney potentials with correlated disorder: Perturbative approach

It is shown that a nonperiodic Kronig-Penney model exhibits mobility edges if the positions of the scatterers are correlated at long distances. An analytical expression for the energy-dependent localization length is derived for weak disorder in terms of the real-space correlators defining the structural disorder in these systems. We also present an algorithm to construct a nonperiodic but correlated sequence exhibiting desired mobility edges. This result could be used to construct window filters in electronic, acoustic, or photonic nonperiodic structures.
Neural Surface Antibodies and Neurodegeneration: Clinical Commonalities and Pathophysiological Relationships

Autoimmune encephalitis and neurodegenerative disorders share several clinical features, including behavioural and psychiatric manifestations, cognitive impairment, sleep and movement disorders. Therefore, it is not surprising that autoimmune encephalitis is one of the main differential diagnoses of rapidly progressive dementia. However, more chronic presentations of autoimmune disorders have been reported and can lead to the misdiagnosis of a neurodegenerative disease. On the other hand, antibodies against neuronal proteins, such as those directed against NMDAR, can occur during established neurogenerative disorders, and their role in this context is still unclear. They might be simple bystanders or modify the disease course and phenotype. Indeed, autoimmune encephalitis can leave long-term cognitive sequelae and specific antibodies to neuronal surface antigens are associated with clinical and pathological neurodegenerative features. Here we review the link between these antibodies and neurodegeneration. In particular we discuss: (a) the possibility that autoimmune encephalitis presents as a neurodegenerative disease, identifying the red flags that can help in the differential diagnosis between antibody-mediated and neurodegenerative disorders; (b) the occurrence of antibodies against neuronal surface antigens in patients with neurodegenerative disorders and their possible role in the disease course; and (c) the long-term cognitive and neuroradiological changes associated with autoimmune encephalitis, as well as the biomarkers that can help to predict the cognitive outcome. Finally, we review the clinical and pathological features of IgLON5 antibodies-related encephalitis, a unique model of the relationship between antibodies and neurodegeneration.
A numerical model of gravity wave breaking and stress in the mesosphere

The stresses generated by breaking gravity waves in the mesosphere are calculated with a numerical model of steady vertically propagating gravity waves that includes wavelength dependent radiative dissipation and turbulent viscosity and conduction. The principal findings are (1) waves do not break for |ū - c| values ≲20 m s−1 as radiative damping prevents wave amplitude growth with altitude for short vertical wavelengths; (2) the downward heat flux due to turbulence of breaking waves and turbulent heating through loss of wave energy could severely affect the global radiative energy balance; and (3) predicted zonal deceleration for steady breaking waves is stronger than required by Apruzese et al. (1982) for the mean circulation. Gravity wave breaking may be an intermittent process; otherwise, gravity wave stresses would produce an adiabatic mesosphere with a zonal mean velocity close to the phase speed of the breaking wave. Diffusive transport of constituents and potential temperature by breaking gravity wave turbulence is shown to be important. In the cases of nitric oxide and atomic oxygen the vertical eddy diffusion coefficients are shown to be sensitive functions of their respective chemical loss rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere.
Wavelet decomposition and reconstruction using arbitrary kernels: a new approach

In a previous paper, we presented a method to design perfect reconstruction filters using arbitrary lowpass filter kernels and presented fast filters with compression performance surpassing the well-known 9/7 biorthogonal filters. This paper improves the results obtained by Polyak and Pearlman (see Proc. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Santa Barbara, CA, vol.1, p.660-63, 1997), presenting filters comparable in compression performance and faster than the biorthogonal 10/18 filters. Furthermore, we combine our approach with the lifting and prediction schemes similar to the ones discussed by Said and Pearlman (see IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, vol.5, p.1303-10, 1996) in deriving the SS-P filters and later extended by Sweldens (see Appl. Comput. Harm. Anal., vol.3, no.2, p.186-200, 1996), thus obtaining integer to integer transforms whose performance is comparable to one of the S+P filters. At this stage, our algorithms are, however considerably slower. In any case it seems that the flexibility of our method shows some promise to serve as a basis for finding new integer to integer filters.
Editorial Policy Statement on the Control of Numerical Accuracy

A professional problem exists in the computational fluid dynamics community and also in the broader area of com­ putational physics. Namely, there is a need for higher stan­ dards on the control of numerical accuracy. The numerical fluid dynamics community is aware of this problem but, although individual researchers strive to control accuracy, the issue has not to our knowledge been addressed
Relativistic Fluid Mechanics

fluid mechanics may be characterized as a theory that describes the state of a fluid by means of five functions of at most four independent variables. The latter variables are of two kinds: three variables determining a point in a three­ dimensional Euclidean space and a fourth one labeling absolute time on some sta ndard universal clock. The five functions, the dependent variables of the theory, are also of two kinds: three of them are kinematic variables, vi (i = 1,2,3), the
An Efficient Estimator of the Mean in a Two-Stage Nested Model

To estimate the mean in a two-stage nested model one would usually use a weighted average of the group sample means with the weights summing to one. Among all those with nonrandom weights we find the estimator that maximizes the minimum possible efficiency. It is found to perform very well in comparison with other estimators that have been proposed.
On the number of arithmetic formulas

For each positive integers n, let g(n) be the number of arithmetic expressions evaluating to n and involving only the constant 1, additions and multiplications, with the restriction that multiplication by 1 is not allowed. We consider two arithmetic expressions to be equal if one can be obtained from the other through a repeated application of the commutative and associative properties. We give an algorithm to compute g(n) and prove that $\log(g(n)) = \beta n + O(\sqrt{n})$, as n → +∞, where β ≔ log(24)/24.