Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implicit connections with nature 1

Previous research has suggested that attitudes about environmental issues are rooted in the degree to which people believe that they are part of the natural environment. Researchers have distinguished between egoistic concerns, which focus on self, and biospheric concerns, which focus on all living things. In the current paper, we argue that the type of concerns a person develops about environmental issues is associated with the extent to which the individual believes that s/he is part of nature. We argue that this connection is implicit, and exists outside of conscious awareness. Two studies are reported on the relationship between implicit connections with nature and explicit environmental concerns, and on the cognitive strategies associated with egoistic and biospheric attitudes. Study 1 reports the results from a modiﬁed Implicit Association Test (IAT) designed to measure the degree to which people associate themselves with nature. Results showed a moderate positive relationship between biospheric concerns and implicit connections with nature, and a negative relationship between implicit connections with nature and egoistic concerns. Study 2 replicated this basic effect, and also examined the test–retest (immediate, 1 week, and 4 weeks) reliability of the explicit and implicit measures. Results are interpreted within a broad model of environmental inclusion.
CCIDE_A_376195 225..233

Purpose: Bulk-fill composite resins were developed to reduce time and facilitate the restorative procedure. However, considering their recent introduction on the market and the new formulations, their performance still requires evaluation. This study aimed to evaluate Knoop microhardness (KHN), diametral tensile strength (DTS) and degree of conversion (DC) of three Bulk-Fill composite resins and a conventional one. Materials and Methods: Sixty samples (n = 15; 8 mm ø x 4 mm height) were confectioned using a mold. Filtek Bulk-Fill (FBF), Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill (TNC) and SonicFill 2 (SF2) were placed in 4 mm increments, and Filtek Z350 (FZ350) was placed in 2 mm increments. The KHN of top and bottom surfaces were tested using Knoop Hardness tester at 10 gf/10s. The DTS was tested under compressive load at 1.0 mm/min. The DC was measured by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Differences in DTS and DC were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. For KHN, Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon tests were performed at α = 0.05. Results: Top surfaces of all composite resins had higher KHN than bottom surfaces. At top and bottom surfaces, FZ350 showed higher KHN than TNC and SF2. The highest DTS was obtained by FBF, followed by FZ350 and SF2. The highest DC was obtained by SF2, the lowest one was obtained by FBF. Conclusion: From Bulk-Fill composite resins, FBF presented the best KHN and DTS results. The SF2 showed the best DC. Further studies are required to ensure whether these differences can negatively influence the behavior of in vivo restorations.
Exploring Tilly’s Theory : Violent Conflicts and Tax Revenue in Sub-Saharan Africa

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Exploring Tilly’s Theory : Violent Conflicts and Tax Revenue in Sub-Saharan Africa Alou Adessé Dama
The ethics of journalism challenged The blurring boundary between local journalism and communications

The article examines Finnish news professionals’ views on the ethical challenges that ensue from emerging and intertwining forms of local professional journalism and communications. Besides describing the current situation, the article employs data from a survey of editors-in-chief to investigate how news professionals anticipate the relationship between journalism and communications evolving in the future. Respondents perceived a blurring of the boundary between local journalism and communications. They observed economic pressures creating incentives for news media to compromise their journalistic ethics and ethical concerns arising from professional communications’ adoption of journalistic practices. Editors-in-chief maintained that the boundaries between journalism and other forms of communication are clear in their media but indistinct in other local news media outlets and in society in general. They predicted an ambiguous, even grim, future of local news media in Finland. However, local news media may have a positive future if they become distinct, attractive and relevant again to citizens.
The effect of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on self-esteem, self-concept, and social anxiety of people with social anxiety disorder

Anxiety problems are common disorders in children and later ages. People with anxiety disorders need to be treated by psychological methods. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectivness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on self-esteem, self-concept, and social anxiety of people with social anxiety disorder. The participants in this study were 30 individuals with social anxiety disorder who referred to counseling and psychotherapy centers in (experimental group: 15, control group: 15). The experimental group received 8 sessions of MBCT training, once a week for 120 minutes over 56 days and the control group received no interventions. Results of covariance analysis for the effect of MBCT treatment on self-esteem (F=32, P=0.001), self-concept (F=38, P=0.001), and social anxiety (F=48, P=0.001) showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Results of the present study showed that MBSR therapy could be useful in patients by increasing their self-esteem and self-concept and also reducing social anxiety. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 23(5) May, 2022; 1-7.
Placental ﬁ ndings in singleton stillbirths: a case-control study from a tertiary-care center in India

Objectives: Placental examination in a case of stillbirth can provide insight into causative/associated factors with fetal demise. The aim of this study was to compare placental and umbilical cord pathologies in singleton stillbirth and livebirth placentas, and to find prevalence of various associated maternal and fetal clinical factors. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at a tertiary-care center in India over a period of 20 months. About 250 women who delivered stillborn fetus ≥ 28 weeks ’ gestation and 250 maternal-age-matched controls were recruited. Sociodemographic and clinical details were noted and placental gross and microscopic examination was done. Placental ﬁ ndings were compared between stillbirth and livebirth (overall), preterm stillbirth and preterm livebirth as well as term stillbirth and term livebirth in six categories – placenta gross, cord gross, membranes gross, maternal vascular malperfusion, fetal vascular malperfusion and in ﬂ ammatory response. Prevalence of 11 maternal and fetal factors were studied in all categories of placental ﬁ ndings in both livebirth and stillbirth. Results: Placental findings in all six categories were significantly associated with stillbirths (p<0.05). The placental findings associated with stillbirth with highest odds included placental hypoplasia (OR 9.77, 95% CI 5.46 – 17.46), necrotizing chorioamnionitis (OR 9.30, 95% CI 1.17 – 73.96) and avascular villi (OR 8.45, 95% CI 3.53 – 20.25). More than half of the women with stillbirths had medical disorders (n=130, 52.0%) and the most prevalent was hypertensive disorder (n=45, 18.0%). Conclusions: Changes in placenta are associated with development of stillbirth. Therefore, antenatal in-vestigations to identify placental dysfunction should be investigated to determine whether these reduce stillbirth. Also, placental examination in a case of stillbirth can detect/diagnose many maternal/fetal conditions and thereby can help in preventing future stillbirths. normal coil index [27]. We also studied the prevalence of 11 clinical fetal and maternal factors (two fetal, nine maternal) associated with the six categories of placental ﬁ ndings: fetal – small for gestational age, gross congenital anomaly; maternal – diabetes, hypertensive disorders, thrombophilia, heart disease, autoimmune disease, prolonged labor, premature rupture of membranes, fetal distress and abruption.
An exit-centric approach to business angel investing: The effect of angels' experience and valuation on investment return

of the master’s thesis Author Oscar Björklund Title An exit-centric approach to business angel investing: The effect of angels’ experience and valuation on investment return Degree programme Mathematics and Operations Research Major Systems and Operations Research Code of major SCI3055 Supervisor and advisor Prof. Markku Maula Date 21.5. 2021 Number of pages 61+2 Language English
ICON-Sapphire: simulating the components of the Earth system and their interactions at kilometer and subkilometer scales

Abstract. State-of-the-art Earth system models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), which is too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth system. In this paper, we present the new ICON-Sapphire model configuration, which targets a representation of the components of the Earth system and their interactions with a grid spacing of 10 km and finer. Through the use of selected simulation examples, we demonstrate that ICON-Sapphire can (i) be run coupled globally on seasonal timescales with a grid spacing of 5 km, on monthly timescales with a grid spacing of 2.5 km, and on daily timescales with a grid spacing of 1.25 km; (ii) resolve large eddies in the atmosphere using hectometer grid spacings on limited-area domains in atmosphere-only simulations; (iii) resolve submesoscale ocean eddies by using a global uniform grid of 1.25 km or a telescoping grid with the finest grid spacing at 530 m, the latter coupled to a uniform atmosphere; and (iv) simulate biogeochemistry in an ocean-only simulation integrated for 4 years at 10 km. Comparison of basic features of the climate system to observations reveals no obvious pitfalls, even though some observed aspects remain difficult to capture. The throughput of the coupled 5 km global simulation is 126 simulated days per day employing 21 % of the latest machine of the German Climate Computing Center. Extrapolating from these results, multi-decadal global simulations including interactive carbon are now possible, and short global simulations resolving large eddies in the atmosphere and submesoscale eddies in the ocean are within reach.
Predicting User Satisfaction of Mobile Healthcare Services Using Machine Learning: Confronting the COVID-19 Pandemic

Outbreak of the COVID-19 leads to rapid development of the mobile healthcare services. Given that user satisfaction is of great significance in inducing marketing success in competition markets, this research explores and predicts user satisfaction with mobile healthcare services. Specifically, the current research aimed to design a machine learning model that predicts user satisfaction with healthcare services using big data from Google Play Store reviews and satisfaction ratings. By dealing with the sentimental features in online reviews with five classifiers, the authors find that Logistic regression with term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and XGBoost with Bag of words (BoW) have superior performances in predicting user satisfaction for healthcare services. Based on these results, the authors conclude that such user-generated texts as online reviews can be used to predict user satisfaction, and Logistic regression with TF-IDF and XGBoost with BoW can be prioritized for developing online review analysis platforms for healthcare service providers.
THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

This thesis explores the interrelations between the design characteristics of activity-based offices, users’ perceptions of them, and users’ sense of coherence. The goal is twofold: (i) contribute to conceptualizations of healthy activity-based offices and (ii) facilitate practical use of the sense of coherence theory for office designers. Most research into healthy offices has focused on harmcausing factors (pathogenic aspects) while overlooking the health-promoting design characteristics in activity-based offices (salutogenic aspects). This thesis is a response to the call for a paradigm shift and explores the particular design characteristics of activity-based offices that promote health, drawing on the salutogenic approach and sense of coherence theory. The thesis builds on a literature review and two mixed methods case studies on activity-based offices. Drawing on the sense of coherence framework, three types of design characteristics were identified: (i) those that promote a clear understanding of office environments, (ii) those that enhance users' access to relevant resources, and (iii) those that evoke meaning for users to cope with stressors. These characteristics and the perceptions of them are interrelated meaning that they can have multiple impacts on users’ sense of coherence. The findings also highlighted temporal changes in users’ perceptions, indicating that novelties of the new office wore off and the initial problems observed in the office environment worsened. Moreover, activity-based offices were not always perceived as intended because of suboptimal design solutions and contextual factors. In conclusion, there are no definitive answers to how to design healthy activity-based offices. Activity-based offices are complex environments and consist of many interacting aspects including the design characteristics, individuals’, and their work-related prerequisite as well as organization-related factors that influence users’ perceptions and their sense of coherence. The framework developed in this thesis may contribute to better-informed discussions about designing for sense of coherence. The thesis suggests that healthy activity-based offices should be viewed as a "moving project" that develops over time through experimentation and adaptation, with management’s involvement. Thus, a healthy activity-based office provides users resources and opportunities to codesign an environment that enables them (i) build meaningful social relationships, (ii) manage visual and acoustic distractions, (iii) read and understand workspaces, and (iv) receive support from management in their daily work.
Answer to Referee comment 1 on “Circulation timescales of Atlantic Waters in the Arctic Ocean determined from anthropogenic radionuclides”

This manuscript uses measurements of two long-lived artificial radionuclides (129I and 236U) together with idealized transport models to analyze the tracer transport in the surface and in the mid-depth Atlantic water in the Arctic Ocean. It is shown that analysis of the pair of radionuclides enables the time scales and pathways of the transport, and role of lateral mixing, to be constrained. The paper is well written, contains interesting new results, and I think is suitable for publication in Ocean Science after only a few relatively-minor revisions (see below).
Tomographic Approach for Universal Tactile Imaging With Electromechanically Coupled Conductors

In this paper, we propose a novel, low-cost, and universal tactile sensing technology for imaging pressure distribution using a tomographic approach with conductors. In particular, we focus on the fact that pressure is related to the contact resistance between two conductive objects. The sensor comprises driving and probing conductors, which are electromechanically coupled. The system solves an inverse problem for estimating electrical boundary conditions using the voltage sets from electrodes on the border of the probing conductor. The sensing system successfully estimates the pressure distribution, contact location (error rate: 5.68 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 2.78%), and local pressure (error in the range 0.0269 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ -$</tex-math></inline-formula>0.0509 N/mm<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math></inline-formula> for a maximum pressure of 0.50 N/mm<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math></inline-formula>). Finally, tactile imaging by sheet- and finger-type sensors are demonstrated as practical applications of the developed sensor.
PRBM_A_259712 1997..2010

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in autonomic, motor, and sensory impairments that can compromise mental health. Guidelines directing the management of mental health following SCI presently address clinical anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, substance use disorders, and suicide. However, evidence suggests that perhaps as many as 70% of individuals with SCI do not develop a clinically diagnosable mental health disorder. Therefore, the authors contend that understanding non-clinical cognitive and psychological aspects of adjustment post-SCI is paramount and that the application of this knowledge to the formulation of adjustment-enhancing interventions is crucial. To assist with this endeavour, we examine existing mental health guidelines targeting SCI, and present a narrative review of research on the under-represented topics of adjustment, coping, grief, and resilience. We include mild cognitive impairment, which reflects a common factor that can compromise adjustment. Loss and stress trigger processes of adjustment, coping, grief, and resilience. SCI involves loss and stress triggering these processes, arguably without exception. Our study applied a narrative review methodology searching Google Scholar and PsychInfo databases for terms adjustment, coping, grief, resilience, and cognitive impairment. Qualitative studies and quantitative studies were selected to capture bottom-up and top-down perspectives. Reference lists of retrieved papers were searched as appropriate. Reviewed literature suggested that existing guidelines concerning mental health following SCI neglect positive processes of adjustment and suggest this neglect contributes to a deficitsbased view of mental health following SCI. Research into “positive” or adjustment-enhancing processes is mostly cross-sectional, heterogenous, and poorly positioned to inform future guideline-development. Researchers should achieve consensus over the operationalisation of essential processes and overcome a fixation with “outcomes” to better inform management of mental health
Is the Electronic Market the Way Forward to Overcome Market Failures in Agriculture?

Endemic market failures with infrastructural bottlenecks compounded by excessive regulation and vested interests stifle agricultural markets and farm incomes in developing countries. Electronic market is the new initiative of the central government to overcome these problems. This paper examines the performance of these markets through analysing primary data from 856 farm households in six states along with secondary data. It argues that adequate physical infrastructure is crucial even for the functioning of the electronic market and that other related policy measures are needed to have a significant improvement in agricultural marketing. The results indicate that farmers obtained a 3.75 percent higher prices in these markets vis-a-vis the prices received before selling to these markets. This is significant as it comes in the background of plummeting prices by 8.34 per cent in the manual transactions. One measure of successful electronic market is higher price realization in manual transactions and this has not happened due to the miniscule share of eNAM transactions. On the whole, the exclusion of resource poor and illiterate farmers, lack of related infrastructure including short-term credit in regulated markets and insignificant penetration of electronic market transactions do not inspire confidence on its ability to help overcome market failures.
Strategic Interactions in Environmental Regulation Enforcement: Evidence from Chinese Provinces

This paper studies whether Chinese provinces set strategically their environmental stringency when faced with interprovincial competition for mobile capital. Using Chinese provincial data and spatial panel econometric models, we find that Chinese provinces do engage in this kind of strategic interaction, particularly among those with similar industrial structure. Furthermore, we haven’t found evidence of asymmetric responsiveness suggested by the race to the bottom theory. Finally, the one-sided fiscal decentralization is likely to strengthen the strategic behavior. These empirical results call for a skeptical attitude towards China’s decentralization of environment policy implementation as well as its fiscal arrangements.
MS-CLIP: M ODALITY -S HARED C ONTRASTIVE L ANGUAGE -I MAGE P RE - TRAINING

Large-scale multimodal contrastive pretraining has demonstrated great utility to support high performance in a range of downstream tasks by mapping multiple modalities into a shared embedding space. Typically, this has employed separate encoders for each modality. However, recent work suggest that transformers can support learning across multiple modalities and allow knowledge sharing. Inspired by this, we investigate how to build a modality-shared Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training framework (MS-CLIP). More specifically, we question how many parameters of a transformer model can be shared across modalities during contrastive pre-training, and rigorously study architectural design choices that position the proportion of parameters shared along a spectrum. We observe that a mostly unified encoder for vision and language signals outperforms all other variations that separate more parameters. Additionally, we find that light-weight modality-specific parallel adapter modules further improve performance. Experimental results show that the proposed MS-CLIP outperforms vanilla CLIP by 13% relatively in zero-shot ImageNet classification (pre-trained on YFCC100M), while simultaneously supporting a reduction of parameters. In addition, our approach outperforms vanilla CLIP by 1.6 points on a collection of 24 downstream vision tasks. Furthermore, we discover that sharing parameters leads to semantic concepts from different modalities being encoded more closely in the embedding space, facilitating the learning of common semantic structures (e.g., attention patterns) across modalities.
Fat solenoidal attractors

We study dynamical systems generated by skew products T:S1×ℝ→S1×ℝ T(x,y) = (ℓx,λy + f(x)) where ℓ⩾2, 1/ℓ<λ<1 and f is a C2 function on S1. We show that the SBR measure for T is absolutely continuous for almost every f.
Teaching control theory: a selection of methodology based on learning styles •

This research results from the need to establish a connection between educational methodologies and students’ learning styles so that students can understand concepts with a high level of abstraction, such as control concepts. For this, definitions for learning, learning styles and active educational methodology from an engineering perspective were proposed. Then, a review of the literature on the use of learning styles in engineering, specifically in the area of systems control, is also presented. Finally, a methodology with a laboratory approach, integrating active methodologies and a learning style model, to teach control concepts was proposed