Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is implicit Level-2 visual perspective-taking embodied? Spontaneous perceptual simulation of others’ perspectives is not impaired by motor restriction

Visual perspective taking may rely on the ability to mentally rotate one’s own body into that of another. Here, we test whether participants’ ability to make active body movements plays a causal role in visual perspective taking. We utilised our recent task that measures whether participants spontaneously represent another’s visual perspective in a (quasi-)perceptual format that can drive own perceptual decision making. Participants reported whether alphanumeric characters, presented in different orientations, are shown in their normal or mirror-inverted form (e.g., “R” vs. “Я”). Between trials, we manipulated whether another person was sitting either left or right of the character and whether participants’ movement was restricted with a chinrest or whether they could move freely. As in our previous research, participants spontaneously took the visual perspective of the other person, recognising rotated letters more rapidly when they appeared upright to the other person in the scene, compared with when they faced away from that person, and these effects increased with age but were (weakly) negatively related to schizotypy and not to autistic traits or social skills. Restricting participants’ ability to make active body movements did not influence these effects. The results, therefore, rule out that active physical movement plays a causal role in computing another’s visual perspective, either to create alignment between own and other’s perspective or to trigger perspective taking processes. The postural adjustments people sometimes make when making judgements from another’s perspective may instead be a bodily consequence of mentally transforming one’s actual to an imagined position in space.
A Novel Method for Studying the Effect of Older Brothers on Sexual Orientation and Its Robustness to Stopping Rule Distortions

ABSTRACT In a recent article, Ablaza, Kabátek, and Perales describe a novel statistical methodology for studying the relation between sibship composition and sexual orientation, and they report the results of applying that methodology to a fresh sample. Research conducted for this commentary investigated whether Ablaza et al.’s method would be robust to the distorting effect of stopping rules, that is, quasi-rules that parents follow in deciding whether to have another child. Results obtained with an archived sample in which stopping rule distortion was known to be present indicated that their method probably is not robust to this particular problem. On another topic, it is argued that Ablaza et al.’s finding that older brothers increased the odds of homosexuality in women needs to be confirmed with further research, because past studies have been inconsistent in this regard. It is further argued that, even if an effect of older brothers on women’s sexual orientation is confirmed, this would not necessarily falsify the hypothesis that maternal immunization underlies the effect of older brothers on men’s sexual orientation. That hypothesis would need to be extended but not necessarily abandoned.
Photoprotection contributes to freezing tolerance as revealed by RNA-seq profiling of Rhododendron leaves during cold acclimation and deacclimation over time.

Abstract Cold acclimation (CA) and deacclimation (DA), which are often accompanied by changes in freezing tolerance (FT), carbohydrates and hormones, are crucial for winter survival, especially under global warming. Plants with weak CA and premature DA caused by warm winters and/or unseasonal warm spells can be easily injured by adverse reactions to cold. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms of FT is imperative. In this study, we used high-throughput RNA-seq to profile the CA and DA of leaves of overwintering Rhododendron “Miyo-no-Sakae” over time; these leaves do not undergo dormancy but do undergo photoprotection during CA, and they do not grow during DA. Using Mfuzz and weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we identified specific transcriptional characteristics in each phase of CA and DA and proposed networks involving coexpressed genes and physiological traits. In particular, we discovered that the circadian rhythm is critical for obtaining the strongest FT, and high expression of circadian rhythm-related genes might be linked to sugar accumulation during winter. Furthermore, evergreen leaves exhibited robust photoprotection during winter, as revealed by high values of nonphotochemical quenching, high expression of transcripts annotated as “early light-induced proteins”, loss of granum stacks and destacking of thylakoids, all of which were alleviated during DA. The strong requirement of photoprotection could be the reason for decreased abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) contents during CA, and decreases in ABA and JA contents may contribute to decreases in lignin content. Our data suggest that the molecular mechanisms of FT in overwintering leaves are unique, which may be due to the high requirements for photoprotection during winter.
The impact of acute surgical unit rostering on National Emergency Access Targets during the COVID‐19 pandemic: a single hospital experience

Surgical departments have been dramatically impacted by the novel coronavirus 19 (COVID‐19) pandemic, with the cancellation of elective cases and changes to the provision of emergency surgical care. The aim of this study was to determine whether structural changes made within our facility's surgical department during COVID‐19 altered National Emergency Access Target (NEAT) times and impacted on patient outcomes.
Prognostic role of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level in part-solid lung adenocarcinoma

Background Part-solid lung adenocarcinoma appears as a heterogeneous subgroup, and its surgical management is controversial. This study aimed to elucidate whether preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen, a time-honored tumor marker, can be used as a prognostic factor that contributes to its management. Methods We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with clinical-T1a-cN0M0 part-solid adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical resection between January 2011 and December 2015 at two institutions. Results Overall, 288 patients were identified. The median age was 69 years with 176 patients (61%) being female. The median follow-up time was 5.6 years. Lymph node metastases were found in 6 (15%) of 41 patients with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels, while 10 (4.0%) of 247 patients had normal carcinoembryonic antigen levels (P = 0.016). The 5-year overall survival rates in patients with normal and elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels were 96.9% and 87.2%, respectively (P = 0.006), and the 5-year relapse-free survival rates were 91.8% and 62.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). The multivariable analysis revealed that preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level was a significant prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.63–5.25, P < 0.001). Among the patients with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels, the 5-year overall survival rates in those undergoing lobar resection and segmentectomy were 87.0% and 88.9%, respectively (P = 0.59), and the 5-year relapse-free survival rates were 61.7% and 66.7%, respectively (P = 0.84). Conclusions Our data suggest that preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level appears to be an important predictor of postoperative survival outcomes in early-stage part-solid adenocarcinoma. Further studies are required to optimize management of patients with elevated preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen levels, although segmentectomy appeared acceptable in those patients.
Digital Life Coaching During Stem Cell Transplantation: Development and Usability Study

Background For patients with multiple myeloma receiving high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT), acute life disruptions and symptom burden may lead to worsened quality of life (QOL) and increased emotional distress. Digital life coaching (DLC), whereby trained coaches deliver personalized well-being–related support via phone calls and SMS text messaging, has been shown to improve QOL among SCT survivors. However, DLC has not been investigated during the acute peri-SCT period, which is generally characterized by symptomatic exacerbations and 2-week hospitalizations. Objective We launched a single-arm pilot study to investigate the feasibility of patient engagement with DLC during this intensive period. Methods We approached English-speaking adult patients with multiple myeloma undergoing autologous SCT at our center. Enrolled patients received 16 weeks of virtual access to a life coach beginning on day −5 before SCT. Coaches used structured frameworks to help patients identify and overcome personal barriers to well-being. Patients chose the coaching topics and preferred communication styles. Our primary endpoint was ongoing DLC engagement, defined as bidirectional conversations occurring at least once every 4 weeks during the study period. Secondary endpoints were electronic patient-reported outcome assessments of QOL, distress, and sleep disturbances. Results Of the 20 patients who were screened, 17 (85%) chose to enroll and 15 (75%) underwent SCT as planned. Of these 15 patients (median age 65 years, range 50-81 years), 11 (73%) demonstrated ongoing DLC engagement. The median frequency of bidirectional conversations during the 3-month study period was once every 6.2 days (range 3.9-28 days). During index hospitalizations with median lengths of stay of 16 days (range 14-31 days), the median frequency of conversations was once every 5.3 days (range 2.7-15 days). Electronic patient-reported outcome assessments (94% adherence) demonstrated an expected QOL nadir during the second week after SCT. The prevalence of elevated distress was highest immediately before and after SCT, with 69% of patients exhibiting elevated distress on day −5 and on day +2. Conclusions DLC may be feasible for older patients during intensive hospital-based cancer treatments such as autologous SCT for multiple myeloma. The limitations of our study include small sample size, selection bias among enrolled patients, and heterogeneity in DLC use. Based on the positive results of this pilot study, a larger phase 2 randomized study of DLC during SCT is underway to investigate the efficacy of DLC with regard to patient well-being. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04432818; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04432818.
Bidirectional Introgression between Mus musculus domesticus and Mus spretus

Abstract Introgressed variants from other species can be an important source of genetic variation because they may arise rapidly, can include multiple mutations on a single haplotype, and have often been pretested by selection in the species of origin. Although introgressed alleles are generally deleterious, several studies have reported introgression as the source of adaptive alleles—including the rodenticide-resistant variant of Vkorc1 that introgressed from Mus spretus into European populations of Mus musculus domesticus. Here, we conducted bidirectional genome scans to characterize introgressed regions into one wild population of M. spretus from Spain and three wild populations of M. m. domesticus from France, Germany, and Iran. Despite the fact that these species show considerable intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation, introgression was observed in all individuals, including in the M. musculus reference genome (GRCm38). Mus spretus individuals had a greater proportion of introgression compared with M. m. domesticus, and within M. m. domesticus, the proportion of introgression decreased with geographic distance from the area of sympatry. Introgression was observed on all autosomes for both species, but not on the X-chromosome in M. m. domesticus, consistent with known X-linked hybrid sterility and inviability genes that have been mapped to the M. spretus X-chromosome. Tract lengths were generally short with a few outliers of up to 2.7 Mb. Interestingly, the longest introgressed tracts were in olfactory receptor regions, and introgressed tracts were significantly enriched for olfactory receptor genes in both species, suggesting that introgression may be a source of functional novelty even between species with high barriers to gene flow.
Dissociation between visuospatial neglect assessment tasks and its neuroanatomical substrates: a case report

ABSTRACT Visuospatial neglect possesses significant heterogeneity in clinical features and neuroanatomical substrates. Behavioral dissociations on different neglect tasks have been reported in the past, and the investigation of their respective anatomical correlates at cortical and, to a lesser degree, subcortical levels has been attempted in stroke studies. We report a patient with a neoplasm occupying the right ventral post-central gyrus and anterior supramarginal gyrus. The patient was admitted preoperatively with dissociation on the performance of neglect tasks, showing clinical deficits in the line bisection task and clock drawing, but not on the cancelation task. The patient underwent an awake craniotomy for tumor excision. Intraoperative visuospatial mapping was employed by applying direct electrical stimulation (DES) to the supramarginal gyrus and the ventral branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF III) during the line bisection task. According to our findings, DES was ineffective at the cortical level, but it induced strong rightward bias when applied subcortically at the SLF III. By combining our preoperative and intraoperative anatomical and clinical data, we suggest that the posterior part of the SLF III might have a distinct role in the perceptual component of neglect. Our findings are discussed within the context of previous literature supporting the notion that particular behavioral features of spatial neglect are mediated by different white-matter connections.
OntoRealSumm : Ontology based Real-Time Tweet Summarization

The huge popularity of social media platforms, like Twitter, attracts a large fraction of users to share real-time information and short situational messages during disasters which belong to diﬀerent topics/categories. A summary of all the messages is required by the government organizations, agencies, and volunteers for eﬃ-cient and quick disaster response. Therefore, we propose an ontology based real-time tweet summarization ( OntoRealSumm ) for disasters which generates a summary of the tweets related to disasters with minimum human intervention. Given tweets related to a disaster, OntoRealSumm ensures fulﬁlment of the objectives related to disaster tweet summarization, such as identiﬁcation of a category of each tweet and summarization of each category considering the category importance with respect to the disaster and ensuring information coverage of each category and diversity in summary. Comparing the performance with state-of-the-art techniques on 10 disaster datasets validates the eﬀectiveness of OntoRealSumm . CCS Concepts: • Information systems → Summarizations .
Minimax Multi-Agent Persistent Monitoring of a Network System

We investigate the problem of optimally observing a finite set of targets using a mobile agent over an infinite time horizon. The agent is tasked to move in a network-constrained structure to gather information so as to minimize the worst-case uncertainty about the internal states of the targets. To do this, the agent has to decide its sequence of target-visits and the corresponding dwell-times at each visited target. For a given visiting sequence, we prove that in an optimal dwelling time allocation the peak uncertainty is the same among all the targets. This allows us to formulate the optimization of dwelling times as a resource allocation problem and to solve it using a novel efficient algorithm. Next, we optimize the visiting sequence using a greedy exploration process, using heuristics inspired by others developed in the context of the traveling salesman problem. Numerical results are included to illustrate the contributions.
Momentum distributions of cosmic relics: Improved analysis

We solve coupled momentum-dependent Boltzmann equations for the phase space distribution of cosmic relic particles, without resorting to approximations of assuming kinetic equilibrium or ne-glecting backscattering or elastic interactions. Our method is amendable to precision numerical computations. To test it, we consider two benchmark models where the momentum dependence of dark matter distribution function is potentially important: a real singlet scalar extension near the Higgs resonance and a sterile neutrino dark matter model with a singlet scalar mediator. The singlet scalar example shows that the kinetic equilibrium may hold surprisingly well even near sharp resonances. However, the integrated method may underestimate the relic density by up to 40% in extreme cases. In the sterile neutrino dark matter model, we studied how the inclusion of previously ignored elastic interactions and processes with initial state sterile neutrinos could aﬀect the nonthermal nature of their resulting distributions. Here the eﬀects turned out to be negligible, proving the robustness of the earlier predictions.
Inhomogeneous solutions in f(T,B) gravity

In this paper, we explore the possibility to find exact solutions for Teleparallel Gravity (TG) of the type of spherically symmetric Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi (LTB) dust models. We apply to the LTB metric the formalism of Teleparallel Gravity in its extension to [Formula: see text] models, which can be seen as the analagous from the Schwarzschild solution in General Relativity. An exact LTB solution is obtained which is compatible with a specific [Formula: see text] model whose observational constraints are cosmologically viable in a standard spatially flat Robertson–Walker geometry.
The far-infrared/radio correlation for a sample of strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxies detected by Herschel

We investigate the radio-far infrared (FIR) correlation for a sample of 28 bright high-redshift (1 ≲ z ≲ 4) star-forming galaxies selected in the FIR from the Herschel-ATLAS fields as candidates to be strongly gravitationally lensed. The radio information comes either from high sensitivity dedicated ATCA observations at 2.1 GHz or from cross-matches with the FIRST survey at 1.4 GHz. By taking advantage of source brightness possibly enhanced by lensing magnification, we identify a weak evolution with redshift out to z ≲ 4 of the FIR-to-radio luminosity ratio qFIR. We also find that the qFIR parameter as a function of the radio power $L_{1.4\, \rm GHz}$ displays a clear decreasing trend, similarly to what is observed for optically/radio selected lensed quasars found in literature, yet covering a complementary region in the $q_{\rm FIR}-L_{1.4\, \rm GHz}$ diagram. We interpret such a behavior in the framework of an in-situ galaxy formation scenario, as a result of the transition from an early dust-obscured star-forming phase (mainly pinpointed by our FIR selection) to a late radio-loud quasar phase (preferentially sampled by the optical/radio selection).
A Spectral Survey of CH3CCH in the Hot Molecular Core G331.512-0.103

A spectral survey of methyl acetylene (CH3CCH) was conducted toward the hot molecular core/outflow G331.512-0.103. Our APEX observations allowed the detection of 41 uncontaminated rotational lines of CH3CCH in the frequency range between 172 and 356 GHz. Through an analysis under the local thermodynamic equilibrium assumption, by means of rotational diagrams, we determined T exc = 50 ± 1 K, N(CH3CCH) = (7.5 ± 0.4) × 1015 cm2, X[CH3CCH/H2] ≈ (0.8–2.8) × 10−8, and X[CH3CCH/CH3OH] ≈ 0.42 ± 0.05 for an extended emitting region (∼10″). The relative intensities of the K = 2 and K = 3 lines within a given K-ladder are strongly negatively correlated to the transitions’ upper J quantum number (r = −0.84). Pure rotational spectra of CH3CCH were simulated at different temperatures, in order to interpret this observation. The results indicate that the emission is characterized by a nonnegligible temperature gradient with upper and lower limits of ∼45 and ∼60 K, respectively. Moreover, the line widths and peak velocities show an overall strong correlation with their rest frequencies, suggesting that the warmer gas is also associated with stronger turbulence effects. The K = 0 transitions present a slightly different kinematic signature than the remaining lines, indicating that they might be tracing a different gas component. We speculate that this component is characterized by lower temperatures and therefore larger sizes. Moreover, we predict and discuss the temporal evolution of the CH3CCH abundance using a two-stage zero-dimensional model of the source constructed with the three-phase Nautilus gas-grain code.
FNETS: Factor-adjusted network estimation and forecasting for high-dimensional time series

We propose FNETS, a methodology for network estimation and forecasting of high-dimensional time series exhibiting strong serial- and cross-sectional correlations. We operate under a factor-adjusted vector autoregressive (VAR) model which, after accounting for pervasive co-movements of the variables by {\it common} factors, models the remaining {\it idiosyncratic} dynamic dependence between the variables as a sparse VAR process. Network estimation of FNETS consists of three steps: (i) factor-adjustment via dynamic principal component analysis, (ii) estimation of the latent VAR process via $\ell_1$-regularised Yule-Walker estimator, and (iii) estimation of partial correlation and long-run partial correlation matrices. In doing so, we learn three networks underpinning the VAR process, namely a directed network representing the Granger causal linkages between the variables, an undirected one embedding their contemporaneous relationships and finally, an undirected network that summarises both lead-lag and contemporaneous linkages. In addition, FNETS provides a suite of methods for forecasting the factor-driven and the idiosyncratic VAR processes. Under general conditions permitting tails heavier than the Gaussian one, we derive uniform consistency rates for the estimators in both network estimation and forecasting, which hold as the dimension of the panel and the sample size diverge. Simulation studies and real data application confirm the good performance of FNETS.
Multi-Level Second-Order Few-Shot Learning

We propose a Multi-level Second-order (MlSo) few-shot learning network for supervised or unsupervised few-shot image classification and few-shot action recognition. We leverage so-called power-normalized second-order base learner streams combined with features that express multiple levels of visual abstraction, and we use self-supervised discriminating mechanisms. As Second-order Pooling (SoP) is popular in image recognition, we employ its basic element-wise variant in our pipeline. The goal of multi-level feature design is to extract feature representations at different layer-wise levels of CNN, realizing several levels of visual abstraction to achieve robust few-shot learning. As SoP can handle convolutional feature maps of varying spatial sizes, we also introduce image inputs at multiple spatial scales into MlSo. To exploit the discriminative information from multi-level and multi-scale features, we develop a Feature Matching (FM) module that reweights their respective branches. We also introduce a self-supervised step, which is a discriminator of the spatial level and the scale of abstraction. Our pipeline is trained in an end-to-end manner. With a simple architecture, we demonstrate respectable results on standard datasets such as Omniglot, mini–ImageNet, tiered–ImageNet, Open MIC, fine-grained datasets such as CUB Birds, Stanford Dogs and Cars, and action recognition datasets such as HMDB51, UCF101, and mini–MIT.