Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Job satisfaction and intentions to leave of new nurses

Turnover of newly graduated nurses is of significant concern. There are continuing reports that new graduates struggle during the transition to the work setting. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of perceived demands, control, social support and self-efficacy on the job satisfaction and intention to leave of new nurses utilising Karasek's Job Demands-Control-Support model. A cross-sectional mailed survey was used to gather data. The sample comprised 232 new nurses working in acute care in Canada. Job demands, social support from both supervisors and coworkers and self-efficacy were significantly related to job dissatisfaction, while demands and support from coworkers were related to intention to leave the job. Identifying factors that contribute to the job satisfaction and intentions to leave of new nurses is a first step in developing interventions to assist nurses who are just beginning their careers.
Path Analysis: Application of Health Belief Model on the Determinants of Clean and Healthy Behavior among Elderly with Hypertension

Background: Lifestyle or behavioral factors critically determine high blood pressure in individuals. Elderly with hypertension in Indonesia aged 55-64 years by 45.9%, 65-74 years by 57.6%, and > 75 years by 63.8%. This study aimed to examine factors affecting healthy behavior in elderly with hypertension using the health belief model. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Ngawi, East Java, from June to July 2019. A sample of 200 elderly was selected by multistage random sampling. The dependent variable was clean and healthy behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, cues to action, self-efficacy, knowledge, attitude, and access to health service. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Clean and healthy behavior was positively and directly affected by self-efficacy (b= 1.51; 95% CI= 0.29 to 2.74; p= 0.015), attitude (b= 2.37; 95% CI = 1.17 to 3.56; p<0.001) , cues for action (b = 2.48; 95% CI= 1.11 to 3.86; p <0.001), perceived susceptibility (b= 2.07; 95% CI= 0.89 to 3.26; p= 0.001), perceived severity (b= 1.76; 95% CI= 0.54 to 2.99; p= 0.005), perceived benefit (b= 1.47; 95% CI= 0.36 to 2.57; p = 0.009), and access to health services (b= 2.26; 95% CI= 1.00 to 3.53; p<0.001). Clean and healthy behavior was indirectly affected by knowledge. Conclusion: The clean and healthy lifestyle behavior of the elderly is directly affected by the perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefits, cues to act, self-efficacy, attitudes, and access to health services. Clean and healthy behavior is affected by knowledge. Keywords: clean and healthy behavior, elderly, health belief model, path analysis Correspondence : Septian Najib Imtichan. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 54176, Central Java. Email: septianimtichan@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285229799672 Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2019), 4(2): 110-120 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019. 04.02. 03
Increased Risk of Haematuria and Urinary Tract Infection in Sickle Cell Traits

Sickle cell trait is asymptomatic condition and the patients who have it generally have no complications. The patients with the sickle cell trait do not suffer from anaemia, pain crisis or haemolysis and this is because only <50% sickle shaped red cells appear in the peripheral blood. The group of countries which are affected by this condition consist of Africa, the Caribbean, the Mediterranean continent and south and central America. India and Saudi Arabia are a sickle trait prevalent zone along with the countries where the ancestral population originates from the prevalent zone. Sickle cell trait occurs in approximately 300 million people worldwide, with the highest prevalence of approximately 30% to 40% in Sub-Saharan Africa. Being long considered as a benign carrier state with relative protection against severe malaria, sickle cell trait occasionally can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality [1]. In few studies, haematuria [2] and urinary tract infection (UTI) [3]. complications were seen in patients with sickle cell traits. We evaluated 90 sickle cell trait patients who were recruited from the Haematology Outpatients Department (OPD), as well as individuals who came from other OPDs for the family screening of haemoglobinopathies. The diagnosis of the patients was done by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Bio-Rad-Variant TM Bio-Rad, CA, USA). The complete blood count and the red blood cell indices were measured by using an automated cell analyzer (SYSMEX K-4500, Kobe Japan). About 3 ml of urine sample was collected from the patients after taking their consent. The screening for haematuria and urinary tract infection was performed during the physical and clinical evaluation. A microscopic urine examination was performed for the confirmation of haematuria and urine cultures were put up h ae m at o lo g y S ec tio n
Area Efficient Self Controlled Pre Charge Free Content Addressable Memory

A self-controlled precharge free Content Addressable Memory is mainly used in speedy and high-performance searching operation. Here the precharge operation can be eliminated so that the design is preferred in the larger word length CAM to reduce the search time. In the conventional SCPF-CAM, 6T CAM is used but in the proposed method SCPF using 4T CAM is designed so the number of transistors can be reduced as compared to the conventional SCPF-CAM. The area utilised is approximately 20% reduced in this proposed design, and the power consumption also can be reduced.
Assessment of the effect of post-natal lead exposure on the hippocampus of developing Wistar rats

This study examined the effect of post-natal lead exposure on the hippocampus of developing Wistar rats. Nine pregnant Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups of three rats each, consisting of a control Group 1 which received distilled water and experimental Groups 2 and 3 orally administered with 60 and 90 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate, respectively. The pups of the experimental Groups 2 and 3 were exposed to lead acetate via lactation from dams that were administered lead acetate from post-natal day (PND) 1 - PND 21. On PND 22, all the pups were weighed, and then euthanized. The brains of the pups were excised, weighed; lead deposit was quantified and fixed in Bouin’s fluid. The results revealed a significant (p 0.05) decrease in brain weight, significant increase(p<0.05) in brain somatic index (BSI), significant increase(p<0.05) in lead deposition, weak staining for Nissl substance and distortion in cytoarchitecture of the hippocampus of Wistar rat’s pups exposed to lead acetate compared to the control. Post-natal exposure to lead acetate via lactation caused an increase in lead deposition, decrease in body weight and distortion in the cytoarchitecture of the hippocampus of developing Wistar rats. Key words: Lead acetate, hippocampus, post-natal, lactation.
Comparison of The Effect of Topical Bromfenac With Nepafenac in Maintaining Mydriasis During Cataract Surgery

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of prophylactic administration of topical nepafenac (0.1%) and bromfenac (0.09%) in maintaining mydriasis during cataract surgery. Methods: This was a randomized, double masked comparison study involving adult cataract patients given topical NSAIDs (nepafenac or bromfenac) or carboxymethylcellulose (control) prior to cataract surgery. Horizontal and vertical diameters of pupil were measured before and after surgery and the mean values were compared across the three groups. Results: The decrease in pupil size was more significant in group A (control) as compared to that in group B (nepafenac) and in group C (bromfenac) (p < 0.001). The decrease in pupil size was not significant in group B as compared to that in group C (p < 0.70). Mydriasis during surgery was well maintained in groups B and C as compared to group A. Conclusion: Both nepafenac (0.1%) and bromfenac (0.09%) given one day prior to the surgery are effective in maintaining pupil size during the cataract surgery but the less frequent dosing of bromfenac can be of advantage in improving the patient compliance.
Valvular heart disease in older adults: evolving technology to meet the needs of aging patients

Valvular heart disease is associated with aging and the incidence is increasing as the population ages. Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation represent the majority of valvular disease in older adults. Severe valvular disease is associated with the development of heart failure, arrhythmia and death. Unfortunately, medical therapy is ineffective for the treatment of severe symptomatic valvular disease. As a result of advances in surgical techniques and catheter-based technologies, older adults who were once deemed ‘too old/sick’ are now being offered definitive treatment. However, the presence of comorbidities and frailty in the elderly make patient selection difficult and prediction of overall response to therapy less reliable compared with younger patients. In the elderly, goals of therapy may differ, with an emphasis placed on quality of life, functionality, maintaining independence and palliation of severe symptoms rather than increased longevity. We review the epidemiology and treatment approaches .
Using Routine Health Data to Assess Health Outcomes in the Transitional Care Period for Individuals Diagnosed with a Long-Term Condition in Childhood or Young Adulthood

Clinical guidelines surrounding transition from paediatric to adult health services are based on qualitative research. This study assessed whether routine datasets could provide empirical evidence for the need of transitional health care. Health outcomes were analysed for individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or cancer in childhood (under 15 years) or young adulthood (15 to 29 years) with up to 35 years of follow-up time, including mortality in the Yorkshire Register of Diabetes in Children and Young People (YRDCYP) using death certification data, HbA1c levels and hospitalisations for individuals receiving Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) therapy in the Leeds Children and Young People’s Diabetes Service (LCYPDS) and hospitalisations in the Yorkshire Specialist Register of Cancer in Children and Young People (YSRCCYP) using hospital episode statistics. Analysis from the YRDCYP showed evidence for higher mortality during the transitional care period due to diabetic ketoacidosis. Individuals diagnosed with T1D during the transitional care period (15 to 29 years) had higher mortality rates compared with those diagnosed in childhood. CSII therapy for T1D was found to significantly reduce HbA1c values for up to 4 years in the LCYPDS, indicating it is an effective treatment option for managing T1D during the transitional care period. In the YSRCCYP, a previous mental health admission increased the odds of an A&E attendance and non-attendance to an outpatient appointment. There was evidence of poorer adherence during the transitional care period compared with younger age groups. Attending an outpatient appointment increased the odds of an inpatient admission by 50%, suggesting that missing an outpatient appointment could lead to less opportunity for referral for an inpatient admission. Previous research into transition focused on ages under 25 years. This study showed that individuals over this age should not be overlooked. Sociodemographic factors should also be considered for targeted interventions.
Motivation and Stages of Change Among Drug Addicts in Drug Abuse Treatment Programs

The present study was designed to explore motivations among drug addicts in treatment by assessing stages of change and coercion experienced when seeking or participating in treatment. This study entailed the use of measures based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change and the development of a self-report instrument to assess individuals ' perceived coercion from external factors that were involved in their decisions to enter drug abuse treatment . Coercion was defined as a condition under which individuals were forced by some external factors (such as events, authorities or significant others) to comply with a demand that conflicted with their personal beliefs and interests. Perceived coercion that an individual experiences is believed to have direct influence over one 's commitment to treatment , length of stay in treatment and treatment outcome; however these factors have not yet been explored nor taken into consideration in research. Subjects were 230 clients recruited from three drug addiction treatment settings: detoxification center, outpatient methadone maintenance, and residential . In Section 1 of the study, a self-report instrument to assess perceived coercion was developed. The inventory consisted of two scales: Relevance and Helpfulness. Reasonable reliability and internal validity were demonstrated. In addition, the reliability and internal validity of the measures based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change were examined. The instruments were shown to be reasonably successful in adapting to the drug addict population in the current investigation. In Section 2, two approaches to establish stages of change among drug addicts in treatment were compared. One was the use of a discrete stage algorithm and the other was using cluster analysis of the Stages of Change Questionnaire. The two approaches involved staging individuals into subgroups through a discrete versus continuous manner . Multivariate and univariate analyses of variance, and discriminant function analysis were used to test the external validity of the stages of change against the decisional balance measures for being in treatment and quitting drugs. The approach using cluster analysis was shown to yield more appropriate stages of change subgroups.
Frequency and Associated Factors of Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease in Khartoum State

Background: Autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson disease is a frequent and disabling complication, with an estimated prevalence of 47% and has a significant impact on the patient’s quality of life. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to determine the frequency of autonomic dysfunction among Sudanese Parkinson patients and identify possible risk factors attribute to develop autonomic dysfunction and to assess the extent to which the progression of dysautonomia affects activities of daily living, health-related quality of life. Methods: In this descriptive perspective, cross-sectional hospital-based study, 51 patients were studied using standardized questionnaire including history and clinical examination. Results: A total of 51 patients have been examined: male to female ratio 1.5:1; mean age 55 ± 5 years; Parkinson disease duration, 7 ± 2 years. 47% of the patients had one or more symptoms of autonomic dysfunction with mean age 59 ± 10. Constipation and bloating were the most common symptoms where sweating abnormality was the least symptoms to observe. The symptom of autonomic dysfunction has been worse with disease progression in 50% of the patients and 47% of the patients reported that both motors and autonomic dysfunction symptoms were causing disability than autonomic dysfunction symptoms alone. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that autonomic dysfunction is not only common in Parkinson Disease, but it increases in severity with increasing disease stages. Older age with long disease duration was also considered along with advanced disease stages strong factors determining the presence of autonomic dysfunction. The study recommends that symptoms of autonomic dysfunction survey be a routine aspect of the evaluation of Parkinson disease patients, especially with advanced age.
The Rationale for Extracorporeal Therapies in Sepsis

Sepsis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients and is responsible for much healthcare expenditure. The mortality rate remains high despite investment into combating the condition, although much is now known about its pathophysiology and mediators. Recent treatment guidelines have reinforced the importance of early goal-directed therapy, and drotrecogin alfa (activated) has been shown to be an effective adjunctive therapy. Extracorporeal blood purification techniques offer a possible new approach, although the clinical benefits that have been claimed are probably secondary to the efficient elimination of septic mediators. Although limited in number and design, animal and human studies of extracorporal therapies have produced promising results. The rationale for the use of these techniques is sound, but large well-conducted studies are required to demonstrate their validity in sepsis. Advances in
A study comparing the effect of Glimepiride and Glibenclamide on Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem. It is worldwide & a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Glibenclamide and Glimepiride are widely used second generation sulfonylurea antidiabetic drugs. Both Glibenclamide and Glimepiride stimulate release of insulin from pancreatic acinar cells, by blocking an ATP-sensitive potassium channel. Therefore we evaluated the effect of Glimepiride and Glibenclamide on glycosylated haemoglobin in patients of type II diabetes mellitus. Aims & Objective: (1) To find out the demographic profile of type II diabetes mellitus. (2) To find out the effect of Glimepiride and Glibenclamide on glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in type II diabetes mellitus Patients. (3) To compare the effect of Glimepiride and Glibenclamide on glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) among the two study groups. Material and Methods: A prospective, randomized, open, parallel group study was carried out in patients attending OPD of Medicine department MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (MMIMSR), Mullana, Ambala. 50 patients were randomly assigned into groups A & group B. In Group A (n=25) Glibenclamide (5-15 mg/day) & in Group B (n=25) Glimepiride (1-6 mg/day) was administered for a period of 24 weeks. Data analyzed by Student’s “t”- test. Results: It was found that prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus is more common among the male patients There was a significant reduction in glycosylated haemoglobin score (p0.05) between the two groups. Conclusion: Glibenclamide and Glimepiride lowered glycosylated haemoglobin to a similar degree without significant difference between the two groups.
CD200 Suppresses the Natural Killer Cells and Decreased its Activity in AcuteMyeloid Leukemia Patients

Immunosuppression is greatly involved in tumor escape from immune surveillance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Being an immunosuppressive molecule, CD200 is upregulated in some hematological malignancies. CD200 also represents an independent prognostic factor in AML. In the present study, we assessed the influence of CD200 expression level in AML cases by flow cytometry on natural killer (NK) cell activity and evaluate its prognostic implications. In this study it was reported that CD200high patients showed a reduction in the frequency of activated NK cells (CD56dim) compared with CD200low patients. Survival analysis showed that the patients with CD200High expression had significantly shorter OS (median, 18 months) than the patients with CD200Low expression (median, 25 months) (P = 0.0188) with hazard ratio of 0.4860 (95%CI: 0.2261–1.0447). Interferon-γ level was highly expressed in AML cases with CD200low when compared to CD200high (P>0.0001*). Generally, our findings suggest that CD200 overexpression suppresses NK cell antitumor response in AML patients and hence increased risk relapse in AML patients.
Study on Zoonotic Metacestodes of Cattle Slaughtered at Bahir Dar Municipal Abattoir, Northwest Ethiopia

A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2010 to March 2011 to estimate the prevalence of the major metacestodes of cattle slaughtered at Bahir Dar municipal abattoir. Out of 465 randomly selected slaughtered cattle, 12 (2.58%) and 148 (31.8%) were infected with Cysticercus bovis and Hydatid cyst, respectively. The prevalence of Cysticercus bovis was significantly different between castrated and uncastrated cattle. However, there was no significant difference for the prevalence of Cysticercus bovis among the different origins and management systems (p>0.05). There was also no marked difference in the prevalence of hydatid cyst in cattle among the different origins (p>0.05). In contrast, the difference in the prevalence of the hydatid cyst between the different management system was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Similarly, the prevalence of hydatid cyst was statistically significant between castrated and uncastrated cattle (p<0.05). Regarding organ distribution, tongue and masseter muscle were the most frequently infected organ with Cysticercus bovis. Whereas, lungs took the highest proportion among the other organs infected with hydatid cyst. The viability test of the metacestodes of cattle showed that 33.9 % of Cysticrecus bovis and 20% of the examined hydatid cyst were viable. In a nut shell, the finding of the present study reflects a visible reduction in the prevalence of Cysticercus bovis from the previous years and still a higher prevalence in hydatid cyst. Therefore, serious attention should be given by various stake holders to break the life cycle of both metacestodes and hence reduce their impact on the public health.
A comparative study of teacher directed and self directed methods of teaching clinical skills to undergraduate nursing students

The undergraduate nursing degree has within its curriculum a practical component that enables students to gain the skills required to function effectively in the clinical setting. These skills are often taught in the laboratory setting using a structured teacher directed approach. This study used a ‘post-test only’experimental design to compare clinical skills acquisition (both cognitive and psychomotor) of students participating in two different teaching-learning modalities: (i) teacher directed; and (ii) self directed learning. The sample consisted of 59 year 2 nursing students enrolled in the acute care subject. The results demonstrated that, although students acquired a variety of skills by participation in either method of teaching-learning, those who undertook self directed learning showed a higher level of competency. The reasons for this difference require further investigation.