Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF QSOs AT z > 5: COMMON ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS-HEATED DUST AND OCCASIONALLY STRONG STAR-FORMATION

We present spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 69 QSOs at z > 5, covering a rest frame wavelength range of 0.1 μm to ∼80 μm, and centered on new Spitzer and Herschel observations. The detection rate of the QSOs with Spitzer is very high (97% at λrest ≲ 4 μm), but drops toward the Herschel bands with 30% detected in PACS (rest frame mid-infrared) and 15% additionally in the SPIRE (rest frame far-infrared; FIR). We perform multi-component SED fits for Herschel-detected objects and confirm that to match the observed SEDs, a clumpy torus model needs to be complemented by a hot (∼1300 K) component and, in cases with prominent FIR emission, also by a cold (∼50 K) component. In the FIR-detected cases the luminosity of the cold component is of the order of 1013 L☉ which is likely heated by star formation. From the SED fits we also determine that the active galactic nucleus (AGN) dust-to-accretion disk luminosity ratio declines with UV/optical luminosity. Emission from hot (∼1300 K) dust is common in our sample, showing that nuclear dust is ubiquitous in luminous QSOs out to redshift 6. However, about 15% of the objects appear under-luminous in the near infrared compared to their optical emission and seem to be deficient in (but not devoid of) hot dust. Within our full sample, the QSOs detected with Herschel are found at the high luminosity end in LUV/opt and LNIR and show low equivalent widths (EWs) in Hα and in Lyα. In the distribution of Hα EWs, as determined from the Spitzer photometry, the high-redshift QSOs show little difference to low-redshift AGN.
Mathematics handbook for science and engineering

Fundamentals Discrete Mathematics Algebra Geometry and Trigometry Linear Algebra The Elementary Functions Differential Calculus (one variable) Integral Calculus Sequences and Series Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) Multidimensional Calculus Vector Analysis Orthogonal Series and Special Functions Transforms Complex Analysis Optimization Numerical Analysis and Programming Probability Theory Statistics Miscellaneous Glossary of functions Glossary of symbols.
A Chlorophyll-Derived Phylloxanthobilin Is a Potent Antioxidant That Modulates Immunometabolism in Human PBMC

Phyllobilins are natural products derived from the degradation of chlorophyll, which proceeds via a common and strictly controlled pathway in higher plants. The resulting tetrapyrrolic catabolites—the phyllobilins—are ubiquitous in nature; despite their high abundance, there is still a lack of knowledge about their physiological properties. Phyllobilins are part of human nutrition and were shown to be potent antioxidants accounting with interesting physiological properties. Three different naturally occurring types of phyllobilins—a phylloleucobilin, a dioxobilin-type phylloleucobilin and a phylloxanthobilin (PxB)—were compared regarding potential antioxidative properties in a cell-free and in a cell-based antioxidant activity test system, demonstrating the strongest effect for the PxB. Moreover, the PxB was investigated for its capacity to interfere with immunoregulatory metabolic pathways of tryptophan breakdown in human blood peripheral mononuclear cells. A dose-dependent inhibition of tryptophan catabolism to kynurenine was observed, suggesting a suppressive effect on pathways of cellular immune activation. Although the exact mechanisms of immunomodulatory effects are yet unknown, these prominent bioactivities point towards health-relevant effects, which warrant further mechanistic investigations and the assessment of the in vivo extrapolatability of results. Thus, phyllobilins are a still surprisingly unexplored family of natural products that merit further investigation.
Efficient quasi-monoenergetic ion beams up to 18 MeV/nucleon via self-generated plasma fields in relativistic laser plasmas

Table-top laser-plasma ion accelerators seldom achieve narrow energy spreads, and never without serious compromises in efficiency, particle yield, etc. Using massive computer simulations, we identify a self-organizing scheme that exploits persisting self-generated plasma electric (~TV/m) and magnetic (~10${}^{4}$ Tesla) fields to reduce the ion energy spread after the laser exits the plasma - separating the ion acceleration from the energy spread reduction. Consistent with the scheme, we experimentally demonstrate aluminum and carbon ion beams with narrow spectral peaks at energies up to 310 MeV (11.5 MeV/nucleon) and 220 MeV (18.3 MeV/nucleon), respectively, with high conversion efficiency (~5%, i.e., 4J out of 80J laser). This is achieved with 0.12 PW high-contrast Gaussian laser pulses irradiating planar foils with optimal thicknesses of up to 250 nm that scale with laser intensity. When increasing the focused laser intensity fourfold (by reducing the focusing optic f/number twofold), the spectral-peak energy increases twofold. These results pave the way for next generation compact accelerators suitable for applications. For example, 400 MeV (33.3 MeV/nucleon) carbon-ion beam with narrow energy spread required for ion fast ignition could be generated using PW-class lasers.
A review on phytoestrogens: Current status and future direction

Phytoestrogens are plant secondary metabolite that is structurally and functionally similar to mammalian estrogens, which have been shown to have various health benefits in humans. Isoflavones, coumestans, and lignans are the three major bioactive classes of phytoestrogens. It has a complicated mechanism of action involving an interaction with the nuclear estrogen receptor isoforms ERα and ERβ, with estrogen agonist and estrogen antagonist effects. Depending on their concentration and bioavailability in various plant sources, phytoestrogens can act as estrogen agonist or antagonists. Menopausal vasomotor symptoms, breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, prostate cancer, menopausal symptoms, and osteoporosis/bone health have all been studied using phytoestrogens as an additional standard hormone supplemental remedy. The botanical sources, techniques of identification, classification, side effects, clinical implications, pharmacological and therapeutic effects of their proposed mode of action, safety issues, and future directions for phytoestrogens have all been highlighted in this review.
Ionospheric Plasma Depletions at Mars Observed by the MAVEN Spacecraft

The Martian ionosphere, modulated by the solar wind from the topside and remnant crustal magnetic fields close to the surface, possesses unique structures different from Earth and Venus. Integrated observations by the plasma and magnetic field instruments onboard the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft show evidence of ionospheric plasma depletions, independent of seasonal variations at Mars. During such depletions, the density of all ionospheric ion species is reduced by more than an order of magnitude, and, at the same time, the electron temperature increases abruptly. An automated algorithm for the identification of such plasma depletions is developed. Altogether, as many as 1,125 events are identified in 8,618 orbits available from October 2014 to May 2021. A statistical investigation of these events reveals that they are more prominent on the nightside, where they seem to occur primarily in the southern hemisphere, possibly in regions with strong crustal magnetic fields. While the dayside events occur mainly at altitudes above about 250 km, nightside event altitudes are typically lower. Considering the relation between spacecraft velocity and observed event duration, we suggest that the depletions are bubble‐like structures, more elongated horizontally than vertically. A possible mechanism of their formation is discussed.
Reliability of the Coach’s Eye Goniometer Application during Squat Exercise

This study examined the test re-test, intrarater and interrater reliability of joint kinematics from the coach’s Eye smartphone application. Twenty-two males completed a 1-repetition maximum (1-rM) assessment followed by 2 identical sessions using 5 incremental loads (20, 40, 60, 80, 90% 1-rM). Peak flexion angles at the hip, knee, and ankle joints were assessed using 1 experienced practitioner and 1 inexperienced practitioner. the acceptable reliability thresholds were defined as intraclass correlation coefficient (Icc) r > 0.70 and coefficient of variation cv ≤ 10%. the test re-test reliability of peak hip and knee flexion were reliable across 20–90% 1-rM (r > 0.64; cv < 4.2%), whereas peak ankle flexion was not reliable at any loaded condition (r > 0.70; cv < 20.4%). no significant differences were detected between trials (p > 0.11). the intrarater reliability was near perfect (r > 0.90) except for peak ankle flexion (r > 0.85). the interrater reliability was nearly perfect (r > 0.91) except for hip flexion at 80% 1-rM and ankle flexion at 20% (r > 0.77). concludingly, the coach’s Eye application can produce repeatable assessments of joint kinematics using either a single examiner or 2 examiners, regardless of experience level. the coach’s Eye can accurately monitor squat depth. Participants were allowed to use their own lifting footwear.
EFFECTS OF BRAND PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS AND SELF-CONGRUITY ON REVISIT INTENTION: A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING APPROACH

The study is aimed to test the structural relationship between brand personality dimensions, selfcongruity (i.e., actual and ideal self-congruity) and revisit intention. Brand personality was conceptualised as a five-dimensional construct including sincerity, excitement, competence, sophistication, and ruggedness. When Chinese outbound tourists perceived various personality traits of destination brand, it might influence their revisit intentions to Glasgow, UK. The current study proposed that self-congruity exerted mediating effects between five dimensions of brand personality and revisit intention. Structural equation modelling was applied to confirming the hypothesis testing. Findings of current study suggested that only two dimensions (sincerity and excitement) had an indirect impact on revisit intention through ideal self-congruity. Furthermore, this study contributed to the extant literature by partially confirming self-congruity theory in the setting of Glasgow tourism. Research findings are also beneficial to destination marketing organisations (DMOs) in their efforts to make Glasgow destination attract more repeated Chinese tourists.
Firms Attributes and Financial Performance of Quoted Conglomerates Companies in Nigeria

The study examined the effect of firms specific attributes and financial performance of quoted conglomerates companies in Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced through the published annual reports of the sampled companies for the period under review 2015-2021. Panel data extracted were analysed using multiple regression technique after conducting series of robustness checks to ascertain validity. Findings from the study reveal that firm size has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. While liquidity has positive and insignificantly effect on financial performance, on the other hand leverage has a negative but insignificantly effect on financial performance. The study recommends that management should try as much as possible to increase their total asset level as this will serve as a guarantee in generating future economic benefit. Management should also watch out for their leverage level so as to keep it at optimum point, because leverage level negatively influence performance for conglomerate firms in Nigeria based on the findings of these study, within the period under review
A 60-Year-Old Woman with a 6-Week History of Shortness of Breath and Intermittent Chest Pain Due to Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Disease Undetected by Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) and Diagnosed by Ventilation-Perfusion Imaging

Patient: Female, 60-year-old Final Diagnosis: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease with pulmonary hypertension Symptoms: Chest pain • dry cough • reduced exercise tolerance • shortness of breath Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Cardiology • Pulmonology Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) is the persistent occlusion of pulmonary arteries resulting from 1 or more thrombo-emboli. Its presentation is often non-specific, with exertional dyspnea and fatigue, yet if left undiagnosed risks of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and right-sided cardiac failure can ensue. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) imaging are most commonly utilized for investigating CTEPD. This report is of a 60-year-old woman with a 6-week history of breathlessness and intermittent chest pain due to CTEPD, undetected by CTPA and diagnosed by V/Q imaging. Case Report: A 60-year-old woman presented with a 6-week history of breathlessness, intermittent chest pain, and reduced mobility. Her past medical history included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary sarcoidosis, and obesity. Screening tests for infective and ischemic cardiac etiologies were unremarkable. A calculated Wells score was 6, making CTEPD the main differential diagnosis, and she was commenced on therapeutic dose anticoagulation. A CTPA performed on day 2 of admission showed no evidence of acute thromboembolic pulmonary disease or CTEPD. Instead, V/Q scintigraphy on day 6 revealed a perfusion mismatch in the right lung apex, consistent with CTEPD. The patient improved clinically and was discharged on long-term apixaban. Conclusions: A negative CTPA does not necessarily exclude CTEPD. The sensitivity of CTPA for CTEPD is lower than that of V/Q imaging, and can hence lead to false-negative results, as this case highlights. When there is a high clinical suspicion for CTEPD but a negative CTPA study, V/Q imaging should always be undertaken.
Modeling the influence of individual differences on knowledge hiding

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the longitudinal influence of gender, age, education level, organizational tenure and emotional intelligence on three dimensions of knowledge hiding over time. Design/methodology/approach A longitudinal study using two-wave data sets of 390 employees in Chinese enterprises was conducted to build fixed, continuous and interacting models for investigating the effects of individual differences on the processes of knowledge hiding over time. Findings This research uncovered the changing relationships of individual differences on knowledge-hiding behaviors over time, such that age correlates with rationalized hiding in the interacting model, indicating younger employees are less likely to choose rationalized hiding when facing situation changes; and education level, organizational tenure and emotional intelligence moderate knowledge hiding over time, implying individuals with better education, longer tenure and higher emotional intelligence tend to exhibit more rationalized hiding behaviors rather than evasive hiding and playing dumb behaviors at Time 2. Originality/value One of the novel contributions of this study is that it tests the longitudinal effect of individual differences on knowledge hiding, providing a vertical perspective, and thereby contributing to the body of knowledge in knowledge management. The study also constructs fixed, continuous and interacting models to measure the covering longitudinal influences, thus making the research original.
A Comparison between the Effect of Heat Treatment and Plasma on the Wear Activities and Corrosion Resistance of Ni-B Electroless Coating with AISI 4340 Steel

The study the hardness, wear corrosion resistance of as-coating, heat treatment and plasma-nitriding of Ni- B electroless coatings was deposit on 4340 steel. After the procees of coating, samples were plasma-nitriding in percentage hydrogen/nitrogen ratio (50%), in the temperature 400°C, at 4 hours were compared with heat treatment. characterization by of FESEM, XRD, microhardness, Corrosion Resistance and surface roughness measurements. Microhardness was show highest hardness of 1050 HV was obtained for Ni-B plasma-nitriding formula whereas the greatest hardness of 800 HV was become for sample of Ni-B heat treated. Ni-B coating is used in the enhancement of properties of the corrosion of AISI 4340 steel is due to the thickness of electroless deposition, which is uniform, and the cold of Ni-B coating to act as an active barrier between corrosion media and metal, it should be noted that the value of Ecorr is less negative and the rate of corrosion and Icorr is lower on the plated sample than on the uncoated sample. The rate of the wear for samples is decrement by plasma-nitriding with deposition time at (4h) and the temperature 400°C. Rate of wear for the materials depends not just into condition of wear test, but also with several properties of material and features as topography, hardness and friction coefficient.
Optimization of Port Layout to Determine Greenhouse Gas Emission Gaps

Ports are of great strategic importance for a country. Nowadays, compliance with environmental requirements is required, forcing the migration towards clean energies. Therefore, it is necessary for emerging ports, as those in developed countries, to incorporate in their policies the use of electric power in the machinery that moves containers in the terminals. To learn how the problem is addressed in other countries, an extensive bibliographic review is presented. Then, the energy policies and criteria of a group of ports in an emerging country and a European port are studied. Subsequently, in order to determine the gaps between the ports investigated, the layout of the cargo yard of each of the terminals is optimized; the emissions of co2 and other ghg gases are calculated; and finally, the decrease in emissions when switching from diesel to electricity is estimated. The strategic and operational gaps related to energy management between the emerging and developed countries are discussed. It is concluded that research is needed to investigate how these initiatives impact the city and improve other sustainable aspects.
Closing The Digital Gender Gap In Indonesia Through The Roles And Initiatives Of Civil Society Organizations

The digital gender gap is still a big, unseen problem in Indonesia. The government alone will not be able to close this gap, and it needs support from the private sector and the role of civil society. This study aims to explore and determine Civil Society Organizations’ (CSOs) role in closing the digital gender gap in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach, this research collected data and information through interviews and focus group discussions with CSO representatives who have long been advocating for various vulnerable groups of women in Indonesia. Multiple literatures and reports related to the digital gender divide were also reviewed. An important finding in this study is the description and exploration of the various roles of CSOs in digital assistance to women and vulnerable groups through a wide range of programs such as (1) advocating for women’s rights, (2) promoting digital literacy, (3) fulfilling the Rights to Sexual and Reproductive Health, (4) protecting women victims of violence, (5) public policy oversight, (6) encouraging women’s public/political participation, (7) securing recognition of marginalized groups, (8) women’s economic empowerment, and (9) environmental sustainability campaigns. The results of this research indicate that CSOs have directly or indirectly contributed to increasing the capacity of individual women and groups they engage with. The various digital mentoring roles performed by CSOs have helped women and other vulnerable groups to become more confident, thereby increasing their participation in the public sphere, mainly through the use of ICT/the internet.
How similar is the stellar structure of low-mass late-type galaxies to that of early-type dwarfs?

We analyse structural decompositions of 500 late-type galaxies (Hubble $T$-type $\ge 6$) from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S$^4$G), spanning a stellar mass range of about $10^7$ to a few times $10^{10}$ M$_\odot$. Their decomposition parameters are compared with those of the early-type dwarfs in the Virgo cluster from Janz et al. They have morphological similarities, including the fact that the fraction of simple one-component galaxies in both samples increases towards lower galaxy masses. We find that in the late-type two-component galaxies both the inner and outer structures are by a factor of two larger than those in the early-type dwarfs, for the same stellar mass of the component. While dividing the late-type galaxies to low and high density environmental bins, it is noticeable that both the inner and outer components of late types in the high local galaxy density bin are smaller, and lie closer in size to those of the early-type dwarfs. This suggests that, although structural differences between the late and early-type dwarfs are observed, environmental processes can plausibly transform their sizes sufficiently, thus linking them evolutionarily.
An International Study of Correlates of Women’s Positive Body Image

Positive body image (PBI) has received attention in the recent research literature. Despite this, its role in daily functioning in different cultural contexts, particularly its potential relationship with academic outcomes, is still lacking. This study aimed to offer an international perspective on the association between PBI and body mass index (BMI), perceived academic achievement, and educational aspirations, as well as the mediating role of self-esteem. A cross-national study was conducted in eight European countries with a total of 2653 female university students. Participants completed an online survey measuring PBI (conceptualized as body appreciation), self-esteem, perceived academic achievement and aspirations, and body mass index (BMI). Results revealed differences in PBI between countries (low magnitude). PBI correlated negatively with BMI in all national groups (low-to-moderate magnitude). Mediation analysis showed that self-esteem mediated the association between PBI and academic variables. Findings from this study suggest that building students’ self-esteem and PBI can be a suitable way to boost academic success.
Predictive mean matching imputation of semicontinuous variables

Multiple imputation methods properly account for the uncertainty of missing data. One of those methods for creating multiple imputations is predictive mean matching (PMM), a general purpose method. Little is known about the performance of PMM in imputing non‐normal semicontinuous data (skewed data with a point mass at a certain value and otherwise continuously distributed). We investigate the performance of PMM as well as dedicated methods for imputing semicontinuous data by performing simulation studies under univariate and multivariate missingness mechanisms. We also investigate the performance on real‐life datasets. We conclude that PMM performance is at least as good as the investigated dedicated methods for imputing semicontinuous data and, in contrast to other methods, is the only method that yields plausible imputations and preserves the original data distributions.
Small Ball and Discrepancy Inequalities

This is a comprehensive set of notes on the ArXiV paper math.CA/0609815 by Dmitry Bilyk and the author. The focus of that paper is a new inequality for sums of hyperbolic Haar functions in three variables, extending a famous result of J Beck from 1987. This is an improvement on what is known as the Small Ball Conjecture. In this paper, that result is proved, in a more leisurely fashion and additional remarks. In addition, background material is gathered together, including a complete proof of the necessary Harmonic Analysis; a summary of known results on the Small Ball inequality; Irregularities of Distribution; the relationship with conjectures in Approximation Theory and Probability Theory.