Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Selberg class of Dirichlet series: small degrees

In the study of Dirichlet series with arithmetic signi cance there has appeared (through the study of known examples) certain expectations, namely (i) if a functional equation and Euler product exists, then it is likely that a type of Riemann hypothesis will hold, (ii) that if in addition the function has a simple pole at the point s = 1, then it must be a product of the Riemann zeta-function and another Dirichlet series with similar properties, and (iii) that a type of converse theorem holds, namely that all such Dirichlet series can be obtained by considering Mellin transforms of automorphic forms associated with arithmetic groups. Guided by these ideas, consider the class S of Dirichlet series (introduced by Selberg [7]) : a Dirichlet series
Steady symmetric low-Reynolds-number flow past a film-coated cylinder

In this study, we examine a steady two-dimensional slow flow past a rigid cylinder coated with a thin layer of immiscible fluid. The Reynolds number for the external bulk flow is assumed small and flow within the film is driven by the action of the bulk fluid’s tangential viscous stress acting at the interface. Using double asymptotic expansions based on the bulk fluid’s Reynolds number and the aspect ratio of the film thickness to the cylinder’s radius, we derive the leading- and first-order equations governing the steady-state film dynamics, and obtain analytical solutions, in terms of the film thickness, for the bulk flow. We solve the governing film equations, finding that solutions feature a drained region. We briefly discuss the influence of the Capillary number and fluid viscosities, and conclude by showing how the presence of the film affects the drag on the film-coated cylinder.
Attractors for reaction-diffusion equations: existence and estimate of their dimension

In this paper, we study some questions related to attractors for two types of reaction-diffusion equations : an equation with a polynomial growth nonlinearity and systems admitting a positively invariant region. For these problems, we prove the existence of a maximal attractor which describes the long-time behaviour of the solutions and we derive estimates of its Hausdorff and fractal dimensions in terms of the data. Our results are applied to several classical equations.
Social Workers in the Stacks: Public librarians’ Perceptions and Experiences

ABSTRACT Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 librarians in order to explore their perceptions of and experiences with social workers in public libraries. All participants, regardless of the availability of social workers in libraries, reported encountering patron information needs related to social services, such as homelessness, food insecurity, unemployment, and mental and physical health needs. The majority of participants expressed the opinion that a social worker could benefit patrons by supplementing and complementing the services offered by librarians. Participants also identified potential challenges to having a social worker, including the blurring of professional boundaries, space, and scheduling issues, privacy, and confidentiality for patrons, and liability issues for the library.
Influence of Filler Particle Sizes on the Physical Properties of Bulk-Fill Composites Compared to Conventional Composites

Introduction: Filler size affects how the material is coated and finished, while filler stacking affects how strong the material is, how flexible it is, how resistant it is to wear, and how much it shrinks when it polymerizes. The purpose of this research was to compare micro-hybrid, nano-composite, and bulk-fill composites with respect to their compressive strength, diametric tensile strength, and flexural strength. Materials and methods: To organize the samples according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 4049 and American Dental Association (ADA) detail number 27, we used a custom-made Teflon mold. A total of 45 samples were used, with 15 samples in each group. The sample was mounted on a state-of-the-art general testing machine to determine its compressive strength and polar rigidity. The 3-point bowing test was used to determine flexural strength. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for quantitative analysis, followed by a post hoc test with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill, the Filtek Z350 XT nanocomposite, and the T-Econom micro-hybrid composite all had different levels of flexural and compressive strength. This difference was statistically significant. Nanocomposites have superior compressive and flexural strengths to their counterparts analyzed in the present study. Conclusion: Nano-composite combines the properties of being strong and looking good. It can be used in both front and back restorations that need to be strong enough to withstand the forces of chewing.
Status of MDR and Plasmid Profiling of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolated from milk of Bovine in Gangetic Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh

Nowadays resistance to antibiotics of β-lactam groups is expanding rapidly and is one of the latest challenges faced by scientific community due to therapeutic failure. In the present study total 180 milk samples were collected from two district of Gangetic Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh (India). Total 65 (36.11%) isolates were confirmed comprising 44 (24.4%) E. coli and 21 (11.67%) Klebsiella spp. by PCR analysis using uidA gene and 16S rRNA gene respectively, 35/180 (19.44%) isolates were confirmed as ESBL producers, constituting 12 (6.67%) E. coli and 23 (12.8%) Klebsiella spp. All ESBL positive isolates were subjected to antimicrobial resistance pattern using 17 antibiotics of 10 different classes. In this study all the isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were found 100% resistant to cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, ceftriazone and ampicillin. Both the isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. revealed different susceptibility pattern to different non-β-lactam antibiotics except aminoglycosides class of antibiotics for which both the isolates were found 100% sensitive. The multi-drug resistance pattern was assessed by using MAR index. Out of total ESBL producers, 80.0% isolates were found MDR with 78.0% E. coli and 83.0% Klebsiella spp. Overall 12 resistance pattern were observed for E. coli ranging from 5 to 12 antibiotics and 09 for Klebsiella spp. ranging from 5 to 14 antibiotics. Plasmid profiling revealed total 71.42% isolates carrying plasmids with average molecular weight ranged between 1.0 Kb to > 10 Kb and number1-4.
I Still Know What You Watched Last Sunday: Privacy of the HbbTV Protocol in the European Smart TV Landscape

—The ever-increasing popularity of Smart TVs and support for the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) standard allow broadcasters to enrich content offered to users via the standard broadcast signal with Internet-delivered apps, e.g., ranging from quizzes during a TV show to targeted ad-vertisement. HbbTV works using standard web technologies as transparent overlays over a TV channel. Despite the number of HbbTV-enabled devices rapidly growing, studies on the proto-col’s security and privacy aspects are scarce, and no standard protective measure is in place. We fill this gap by investigating the current state of HbbTV in the European landscape and assessing its implications for users’ privacy. We shift the focus from the Smart TV’s firmware and app security, already studied in-depth in related work, to the content transmission protocol itself. Contrary to traditional “linear TV” signals, HbbTV allows for bi-directional communication: in addition to receiving TV content, it also allows for transmitting data back to the broadcaster. We describe techniques broadcasters use to measure users’ (viewing) preferences and show how the protocol’s implementation can cause severe privacy risks by studying its deployment by 36 TV channels in five European countries (Italy, Germany, France, Austria, and Finland). We also survey users’ awareness of Smart TV and HbbTV-related risks. Our results show little understanding of the possible threats users are exposed to. Finally, we present a denylist-based mechanism to ensure a safe experience for users when watching TV and to reduce the privacy issues that HbbTV may pose.
Early Menopause and Risk of Fractures–A Preventable Gap

Background: Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that results in microarchitectural changes to the bone, thereby reducing its density and increasing the risk of fractures. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to examine the link between the risk of major osteoporotic fractures and hip fractures with the age of menopause onset, as well as the impact of menopause duration on fracture incidence. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Special Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Novi Sad, Serbia. The data required for meeting the study objectives were obtained from patients' medical records spanning the 2015–2018 period. The sample for the study comprised of 985 postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 yr who underwent bone mineral densitometry examination and received a FRAX score for major osteoporotic fractures and hip fractures with and without bone mineral density. The obtained FRAX scores were compared across the subjects with respect to the age of menopause onset and menopause duration. Results: The group that entered into menopause before the age of 45 had a high risk of hip fracture (OR: 1,652; 95% CI: 1,138 – 2,399; P<.01) and a higher mean FRAX score for hip fracture compared to women in whom menopause started after the age of 45 (Me=1.60 vs. 1.30, P<.004). FRAX scores were also correlated with menopause duration, and the difference between the groups with the longest (over 20 yr) and the shortest (1–10 yr) duration was statistically significant at P<. 001. Conclusion: As menopause duration could contribute to the prediction of fracture risk, its inclusion in the FRAX algorithm should be considered, while also taking into account the age of menopause onset.
Spectral behaviour of bismuth centres in different steps of the FCVD process

The behaviour of bismuth ions in silica glass free of other dopants has been studied in different steps of the furnace chemical vapour deposition (FCVD) process. Porous layers annealed and consolidated in different atmospheres, a bismuth chloride solution in acetone for porous layer impregnation, the resultant glass preform and holey fibres drawn out under various conditions have been characterised by spectroscopic techniques and X-ray diffraction. Active bismuth centres present in the preform and luminescing in the visible and IR spectral regions persist during drawing under reducing conditions, whereas drawing under oxidising conditions eliminates such centres. Annealing under reducing conditions produces absorption bands of IR-emitting bismuth centres (IRBCs) in spectra of fibres drawn out under oxidising conditions and concurrently increases the background loss. Under the annealing conditions of this study (argon atmosphere, , ), the IRBC concentration reaches a maximum and then decreases, whereas the background loss increases monotonically.
Detection and Compensation of Shadows in High Resolution Remote Sensing Images Using PCA

From the shadow region properties,a new algorithm of shadow detection and compensation based on principal component analysis(PCA) is proposed for high resolution remote sensing images.The ratio between the original blue band and the first principal component is computed.Shadow and non-shadow regions are segmented using the histogram-thresholding method.A morphological algorithm is used to produce an accurate shadow mask,and a dilation operation is performed to find the surrounding homogeneous region of a shadow. Each shadow region is matched to its adjacent homogeneous region to achieve shadow compensation.Finally, image smoothing and inverse PCA transformation are performed on the compensated image.Experimental results show that the algorithm is effective.
Maxillary Transverse Dimensions in Subjects with Impacted Canine Compared with Normal Subjects using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Introduction: One of the many causes of maxillary canine impaction is the mechanical obstruction by a small maxillary arch. By introducing Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) to the orthodontic field, studying such a relation became possible and accurate. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the maxillary transverse dimensions between subjects with impacted maxillary canines and normal subjects using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Methods: Cone-beam computed tomographic images of 60 adults were acquired. They were grouped into three groups of 20 each: buccal canine impaction, Palatal canine impaction and a control group. The width of the maxilla was measured skeletally, dentally and alveolar in each group using Dolphin software program. Results: the skeletal width of the maxilla was similar among study groups and control ones. It was found that there was a statistically significant difference between canine impaction groups and control group regarding the premolar width and the premolar alveolar width. As for the molar width and the molar alveolar width, there was no statistically significant difference between them. Conclusion: Premolar dental and alveolar widths of the maxillary arch were significantly smaller in palatal canine impaction subjects than in subjects with buccal impactions or normal subjects. Skeletal, molar dental and molar alveolar widths of maxilla had non-significant difference between canine impaction and normal subjects.
Home-based childhood injury prevention Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Purpose: to describe the home-base child injury prevention factors and practices by Saudi households in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Design and sample: A cross sectional sample of mothers that have pre-school children. The sample size was 678 families with socioeconomic (crowding index) status brake down similar to the city of Jeddah. Data collection consisted of surveying mothers in their home about safety equipment usage and practices related to burns, falls, poisoning, electrocution, and street accidents. Statistical methods used included descriptive, chi-square between injury factors and reported accident, and regression to test the degree of contribution of the injury factors and demographic to perceived mortality risk. Results : factors exposing households to fire and burn safety practices were fire alarm at 15.7% followed by smoking in bed and matches within reach of children at 18.5% and 20.4% respectively. Factors exposing to falls were presence of unsafe steps at 28.8%, unsafe bathing area at 51.5%, and small rugs not fixed to the floor at 36.3%. Electrical plugs not safely covered were a common practice. Mothers also reported that they mostly adhered to street safety practices. The sampled mothers have also reported that 20.2% of them had experienced a child injury requiring a doctor or an emergency room attention. Conclusion :
Velocity shear generation of solar wind turbulence

The authors use a two-dimensional, incompressible MHD spectral code to establish that shear-driven turbulence is a possible means for producing many observed properties of the evolution of the magnetic and velocity fluctuations in the solar wind and, in particular, the evolution of the cross helicity ({open_quotes}Alfvenicity{close_quotes}) at small scales. They find that large-scale shear can nonlinearly produce a cascade to smaller scale fluctuations even when the linear Kelvin-Helmholtz mode is stable and that a roughly power law inertial range is established by this process. While the fluctuations thus produced are not Alfvenic, they are nearly equipartitioned between magnetic and kinetic energy. The authors report simulations with Alfvenic fluctuations at high wave numbers, both with and without shear layers and find that it is the low cross helicity at low wave numbers that is critical to the cross helicity evolution, rather than the geometry of the flow or the dominance of kinetic energy at large scales. The fluctuations produced by shear effects are shown to evolve similarly but more slowly in the presence of a larger mean field and to be anisotropic with a preferred direction of spectral transfer perpendicular to the mean field. The evolution found is similar to thatmore » seen in some other simulations of HMD turbulence, and thus seems in many respects to be an instance of a more generic turbulent evolution rather than due to specific conditions in the solar wind. 75 refs., 18 figs.« less
A derivation of the rules of voice‐leading from perceptual principles

The tradition rules of voice‐leading in Western music are elucidated using empirically established perceptual principles. Six core principles are shown to account for the majority of traditional rules of voice‐leading given in music theory texts. The pertinent principles include the principle of dissonant spread, the principle of tonal fusion, the pitch proximity principle, and the pitch comodulation principle. These principles are treated as axioms in a formal system from which the traditional rules of voice‐leading are derived. All of the major rules of voice‐leading are derived—including such arcane rules as avoid doubling the leading‐tone, and when approaching an octave by similar motion, ensure that one part moves by diatonic step. In the process of the derivation, several novel rules arise that are not found in treatises on voice‐leading. For these novel rules, computer‐based score analysis show that composers do indeed write in a manner consistent with these additional rules.
Self-reported Xylazine Experiences: A Mixed Methods Study of Reddit Subscribers

Objectives: Xylazine is an alpha-2 agonist increasingly prevalent in the illicit drug supply. Our objectives were to curate information about xylazine through social media from People Who Use Drugs (PWUDs). Specifically, we sought to answer the following: 1) what are the demographics of Reddit subscribers reporting exposure to xylazine? 2) is xylazine a desired additive? and 3) what adverse effects of xylazine are PWUDs experiencing? Methods: Natural Language Processing (NLP) was used to identify mentions of "xylazine" from posts by Reddit subscribers who also posted on drug-related subreddits. Posts were qualitatively evaluated for xylazine-related themes. A survey was developed to gather additional information about the Reddit subscribers. This survey was posted on subreddits that were identified by NLP to contain xylazine-related discussions from March 2022 to October 2022. Results: 76 posts mentioning xylazine were extracted via NLP from 765,616 posts by 16,131 Reddit subscribers (January 2018 to August 2021). People on Reddit described xylazine as an unwanted adulterant in their opioid supply. 61 participants completed the survey. Of those that disclosed their location, 25/50 (50%) participants reported locations in the Northeastern United States. The most common eoute of xylazine use was intranasal use (57%). 31/59 (53%) reported experiencing xylazine withdrawal. Frequent adverse events reported were prolonged sedation (81%) and increased skin wounds (43%). Conclusions: Among respondents on these Reddit forums, xylazine appears to be an unwanted adulterant. PWUDs may be experiencing adverse effects such as prolonged sedation and xylazine withdrawal. This appeared to be more common in the Northeast.
Metallic-line and Hα radial velocities of seven southern Cepheids : a comparative analysis

New metallic-line and Hα velocity curves have been produced for seven southern Cepheids. A comprehensive comparison is made between these data and those of previous observers and also with other Cepheids having similar periods. Use is made of the line bisector method to derive the velocity information and also to investigate asymmetries in the Hα lines. These bisectors provide a consistent approach to the analysis of spectroscopic data of Cepheids and will enable more quantitative studies of the structure of Cepheid atmospheres. This will in turn enable more reliable radii and hence distances to be deduced and a better use of Cepheids to establish the distances to nearby galaxies
Economic and social determinants of health disparities in India: A systematic review of sleep literature

Among multiple determinants affecting sleep health, there is people socioeconomic status (SES), a multidimensional concept of an individual's social, economic and ecological position associated to public health inequalities at different levels. No systematic review on the relation between SES and sleep health has been previously conducted in India. Following Prisma protocol, seven articles were selected. Findings revealed that all studies were cross-sectional. The combined number of participants is N=12,746 participants, composed of 81.15% of adults (n=10,343), 10.56% of children (n=1346) and 8.29% of adolescents (n=1057). The smallest sample was N=268 and the larger was N=7017. The socioeconomic determinants the most reported by authors were perceived SES/composite indices, education, income and employment/occupation. The most reported sleep disturbances were obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), insomnia, restless legs syndrome (RLS) and sleep quality. Higher SES (specifically high education and high income) was associated on one hand in adults, with insomnia and a lower risk for OSA; and on the other hand, in adolescents, with poor quality of sleep and shorter sleep duration. Unemployment was significantly associated with insomnia and risk for pediatric OSA (specifically maternal employment). These findings are coherent with the conceptual socioeconomic model of sleep health published by Etindele Sosso et al. and one previous ecological model of sleep published by Grandner et al., both explaining the relationship between SES and sleep disparities. More studies on the subject and more longitudinal research are necessary to support public health programs related to sleep health disparities in India.
Effect of the olive leaf extract in chronic spinal cord injury model: an experimental research

Introduction: Posttraumatic myelopathy is defined as a spinal cord injury (SCI) that results in varying degrees of motor and sensory deficits. The degree of ‘secondary damage,’ which is caused by a variety of cellular, molecular, and biochemical cascades is linked to the outcome of SCI. According to research, the beneficial effects of oleuropein and its derivatives have been linked to radical scavenging/antioxidant actions and anti-inflammatory effects. Materials and Methods: This study was divided into six groups: control negative (sham-operated) group, control positive 1 and 2 (early chronic and chronic), treatment groups 1, 2, and 3 (prophylactic, concomitant, and late). Olive leaf extract (OLE) given dose was 350 mg/kg body weight. Blood was taken from the left corotic artery before the animals were terminated, seromarker assessment, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of IL-6, TNF-α, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and assessment of functional motoric outcome before the animal was terminated. Results: Chronic spinal cord compression increased serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and decreased serum level of BDNF. OLE 350 mg/kg body weight decreased serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and increased functional motoric outcome, especially in prophylactic and concomitant therapy. Discussion: These findings indicate that OLE may be effective in protecting chronic SCI model. Conclusion: Oleuropein has a potential effect to reduce the IL-6 and TNF-α in rabbit model of SCI, and the BDNF value risen after the administration of Oleuropein.