Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-aging efficacy of solid-state fermented ginseng with Aspergillus cristatus and its active metabolites

Aspergillus cristatus is a beneficial fungus of microbial fermented teas such as China’s Fuzhuan brick tea and Pu-erh tea, and is commonly called golden flower fungus (GFF) because its cleistothecium has a yellow millet or sand grain shape. Since natural materials fermented with GFF exhibit various physiological activities, a new active cosmeceutical ingredient was developed by solid-state fermentation of ginseng, a famous active material for healthy skin, with GFF. The extract of solid-state fermented ginseng with GFF (GFFG) exhibited potent anti-aging efficacy on the skin such as the increase of hyaluronic acid synthesis, aquaporin expression, and mRNA level of filaggrin in HaCaT keratinocyte. GFFG also inhibited the expression of MMP-1 increased by TNF-α in human dermal fibroblast. Sophisticated chromatographic and spectroscopic studies have elucidated isodihydroauroglaucin and flavoglaucin as the metabolites which were not present in ginseng extract nor GFF extract alone. Bioassay of these metabolites revealed that these compounds were part of active principles of GFFG. These results suggest that GFFG would be a potential active ingredient in anti-aging cosmeceutical products.
Elections Have Consequences: The Impact of Political Agency on Climate Policy and Asset Prices∗

I show that there is a large climate policy risk premium. The size of this premium varies over time and is larger in periods when political constraints are lax. Further, the amount and content of policymaker climate speech is correlated with voter demand for climate policies. Motivated by this empirical evidence, I develop a model combining climate finance and political economy. Policy uncertainty arises endogenously through strategic interaction between voters and the government. Equilibrium in the political system determines the risk premium around climate policy announcements. JEL Codes: G12, G14, G18, D72, D80, Q58
SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF EXTENDED STAR CLUSTERS IN DWARF GALAXY NGC 6822

We present a spectroscopic study of the four extended star clusters (ESCs) in NGC 6822 based on the data obtained with the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph on the Gemini-South 8.1 m telescope. The radial velocities derived from the spectra range from −61.2 ± 20.4 km s−1 (for C1) to −115.34 ± 57.9 km s−1 (for C4) and, unlike the intermediate-age carbon stars, they do not display any sign of systematic rotation around NGC 6822. The ages and metallicities derived using the Lick indices show that the ESCs are old (⩾8 Gyr) and metal poor ([Fe/H] ≲ −1.5). NGC 6822 is found to have both metal poor ([Fe/H] ≈−2.0) and metal rich ([Fe/H] ≈−0.9) star clusters within 15′ (2 kpc) from the center, whereas only metal poor clusters are observed in the outer halo with r ⩾ 20′(2.6 kpc). The kinematics, old ages, and low metallicities of ESCs suggest that ESCs may have accreted into the halo of NGC 6822. Based on the velocity distribution of ESCs, we have determined the total mass and the mass-to-light ratio of NGC 6822: and . It shows that NGC 6822 is one of the most dark matter dominated dwarf galaxies in the Local Group.
Combined Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Bacteria on Osmolytes and Antioxidative Parameters of Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Plant Grown in Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water

With the advancement in nanotechnology, the use of nanoparticles has been enhanced dramatically in biomedical, agriculture, and industrial processes. However, the combined e ﬀ ect of nanoparticles and bacteria on plant growth in heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb)-contaminated wastewater is greatly limited. Therefore, the recent work was designed to determine the synergistic impact of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) (5-10 mg/L) and Bacillus spp. ( Bacillus cereus and Lysinibacillus macroides) on the physiological and biochemical activities of rice seedlings under heavy metal- (HM-) contaminated water. The results revealed that germination percentage (36%), root-shoot length (5.11 and 3.41cm), fresh shoot-root weight (0.05 and 0.011 g), dry shoot-root weight (0.008 and 0.009g), Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoid (5.4, 3.2mg/g, and 4.3 μ g/g), total soluble sugar (TSS) (26.44 mg/g), and total soluble protein (TSP) (21.99mg/g) content considerably reduced in the plant tissues while combined impact of bacteria and ZnO NPs alleviates HM stress in contaminated water and improved seed germination (70%), root-shoot length (9.93 and 11.82cm), fresh shoot-root weight (0.125 and 0.131g), dry shoot-root weight (0.0532 and 0.042g), Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoid (18.8, 13.9 mg/g, and 17.1 μ g/g), TSS (57.651mg/g), and TSP (47.990 mg/g) content. Lipid peroxidation induced by HM stress increased the amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBRAS) (17.321 nM/mg) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) content (14.5 μ M/g), stress markers such as glycine betaine (GB) (40.731mg/g) and proline (Pro) (38.812 μ mol/g) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, and APX) (180.87 U/mg, 450.677, 0.1066, and 0.631 μ m/ min/mg) under HM stress while the combined e ﬀ ect of ZnO NPs and bacteria reduced TBRAS (5.431nM/mg), H 2 O 2 content (2.25 μ M/g), stress markers such as GB (24.731mg/g) and Pro (18.811 μ mol/g), and SOD, POD, CAT, and APX (187.53, 194.88, 0.061, and 0.271 μ m/min/mg) contents. The present study suggested a potential role of combined impact of nanoparticles and bacteria in remediation of heavy metals from wastewater by improving plant growth.
Exploring Antimicrobial Stewardship Influential Interventions on Improving Antibiotic Utilization in Outpatient and Inpatient Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Antimicrobial stewardship interventions are targeted efforts by healthcare organizations to optimize antimicrobial use in clinical practice. The study aimed to explore effective interventions in improving antimicrobial use in hospitals. Literature was systemically searched for interventional studies through PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus databases that were published in the period between January 2010 to April 2022. A random-effects model was used to pool and evaluate data from eligible studies that reported antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions in outpatient and inpatient settings. Pooled estimates presented as proportions and standardized mean differences. Forty-eight articles were included in this review: 32 in inpatient and 16 in outpatient settings. Seventeen interventions have been identified, and eight outcomes have been targeted. AMS interventions improved clinical, microbiological, and cost outcomes in most studies. When comparing non-intervention with intervention groups using meta-analysis, there was an insignificant reduction in length of stay (MD: −0.99; 95% CI: −2.38, 0.39) and a significant reduction in antibiotics’ days of therapy (MD: −2.73; 95% CI: −3.92, −1.54). There were noticeable reductions in readmissions, mortality rates, and antibiotic prescriptions post antimicrobial stewardship multi-disciplinary team (AMS-MDT) interventions. Studies that involved a pharmacist as part of the AMS-MDT showed more significant improvement in measured outcomes than the studies that did not involve a pharmacist.
Horndeski black hole observational properties

We examine geodesics for scalar-tensor black holes in the Horndeski-Galileon non-minimal kinetic coupling framework. Our analysis shows that bound orbits may not be present within some model parameters range. Using the observational data we pose bounds on possible solution parameter values, as well as initial model parameters.
Global Current Practice Patterns for the Management of Hyphema

Purpose: Hyphema is a sequela of ocular trauma and can be associated with significant morbidity. Management of this condition is variable and can depend on individual institutional guidelines. We aimed to summarize current practices in hyphema management across ophthalmological institutions worldwide. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted across North America, Asia, South America, Africa, Europe, and Australia from August 2020 to January 2021. The survey assessed the existing practices in the management of hyphema at each institution. Results: For layered hyphema, topical steroids were routinely administered by 34 (of 36 respondents, 94.4%) institutions, of which prednisolone was the preferred choice (n = 32, 88.9%). Topical cycloplegics were used at 34 (94.4%) institutions. No institution reported routine use of antifibrinolytics. Head elevation was the most deployed procedure to promote hyphema reabsorption (n = 31, 86.3%), followed by partial bed rest (n = 21, 58.3%). The majority of institutions (n = 25, 69.4%) did not routinely pursue admission for hyphema patients, although 75.0% of institutions (n = 27) scheduled follow-up visits within 48 hours of presentation. Additionally, few institutions performed routine sickle cell trait testing for patients presenting with hyphema (n = 6, 16.7%). The decision to perform anterior chamber washout varied and was often based on intraocular pressure and the speed of hyphema resolution. Conclusion: Unanimity of international institutions on hyphema management is lacking. As it stands, many current interventions unconvincing guidelines would be beneficial in guiding decision-making on hyphema management. Additionally, areas of consensus can be used as foundations for future standard of care investigations.
Effect of potentially modiﬁable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study

Methods We established a standardised case-control study of acute myocardial infarction in 52 countries, representing every inhabited continent. 15152 cases and 14820 controls were enrolled. The relation of smoking, history of hypertension or diabetes, waist/hip ratio, dietary patterns, physical activity, consumption of alcohol, blood apolipoproteins (Apo), and psychosocial factors to myocardial infarction are reported here. Odds ratios and their 99% CIs for the association of risk factors to myocardial infarction and their population attributable risks (PAR) were calculated. Findings raised quintile, hypertension
A comparative analysis of migrant health policies and practices in the US and Switzerland

4 Acknowledgements.4 Introduction.5 Background on the health policies and landscape in the US and Switzerland.7 Health in the US.7 Migrant health in the US.9 Health in Switzerland.10 Migrant health in Switzerland.12 Methods.13 Analysis.18 Access to care.18 Insurance policy for migrants in the US.18 Insurance policy for migrants in Switzerland.22 Migrant healthcare utilization and assistance-seeking behavior in the US.26 Migrant healthcare utilization and assistance-seeking behavior in Switzerland.31 Quality of care.34 Comparison of health outcomes among migrants in the US and Switzerland.34 Patient perceptions of quality of care in the US.39 Patient perceptions of quality of care in Switzerland.41 Conclusion.44 Appendix.48 Abbreviations List.48 References.49
Enhancing the Nonlinear Mutual Dependencies in Transformers with Mutual Information

The predictive uncertainty problem exists in 001 Transformers. We present that pre-trained 002 Transformers can be further regularized by em- 003 ploying mutual information to alleviate such 004 issues in neural machine translation (NMT). In 005 this paper, to enhance the representation, we 006 explicitly capture the nonlinear mutual depen- 007 dencies existing in two types of attention in 008 the decoder to reduce the model uncertainty. 009 Specifically, we employ mutual information to 010 measure the nonlinear mutual dependencies of 011 token-token interactions during attention cal- 012 culation. Moreover, we resort to InfoNCE for 013 mutual information estimation to avoid the in- 014 tractable problem. By maximizing the mutual 015 information among tokens, we capture more 016 knowledge concerning token-token interactions 017 from the training corpus to reduce the model 018 uncertainty. Experimental results on WMT’14 019 En → De and WMT’14 En → Fr demonstrate the 020 consistent effectiveness and evident improve- 021 ments of our model over the strong baselines. 022 Quantifying the model uncertainty again ver- 023 ifies our hypothesis. The proposed plug-and- 024 play approach can be easily incorporated and 025 deployed into pre-trained Transformer models. 026 Code will be released soon 1 . 027
Cycles of time : an extraordinary new view of the universe

Roger Penrose's groundbreaking and bestselling "The Road to Reality" provided a comprehensive yet readable guide to our present understanding of the laws that are currently believed to govern our universe. In "Cycles of Time", he moves far beyond this to develop a completely new perspective on cosmology, providing a quite unexpected answer to the often-asked question, 'what came before the Big Bang'? The two key ideas underlying this novel proposal are a penetrating analysis the Second Law of thermodynamics - according to which the 'randomness' of our world is continually increasing - and a thorough examination of the light-cone geometry of space-time. Penrose is able to combine these two central themes to show how the expected ultimate fate of our accelerating, expanding universe can actually be reinterpreted as the 'Big Bang' of a new one. On the way, many other basic ingredients are presented, and their roles discussed in detail, though without any complex mathematical formulae (these all being banished to the appendices). Various standard and non-standard cosmological models are presented, as is the fundamental and ubiquitous role of the cosmic microwave background. Also crucial to the discussion are the huge black holes lying in galactic centres, and their eventual disappearance via the mysterious process of Hawking evaporation.
Wage Stagnation and the Decline of Standardized Pay Rates, 1974–1991

Using new establishment-by-occupation microdata, we show that the use of discretionary wage setting significantly expanded in the 1970s and 1980s. Increasingly, wages for blue-collar workers were not standardized by job title or seniority but instead subject to managerial discretion. When establishments abandoned standardized pay rates, wages fell, particularly for the lowest-paid workers in a job and for those in establishments that previously paid above market rates. This shift away from standardized pay rates, in context of a broader decline in worker bargaining power, accelerated the decline in real wages experienced by blue-collar workers in the 1980s. (JEL J31, J33, J52, M52, O33)
Unification in One Dimension

A physical theory of the world is presented under the unifying principle that all of nature is laid out before us and experienced through the passage of time. The one-dimensional progression in time is opened out into a multi-dimensional mathematically consistent flow, with the simplicity of the former giving rise to symmetries of the latter. The act of perception identifies an extended spacetime arena of intermediate dimension, incorporating the symmetry of geometric spatial rotations, against which physical objects are formed and observed. The spacetime symmetry is contained as a subgroup of, and provides a natural breaking mechanism for, the higher general symmetry of time. It will be described how the world of gravitation and cosmology, as well as quantum theory and particle physics, arises from these considerations.
Exact analytical solutions for ADAFs

We obtain two-dimensional exact analytic solutions for the structure of the hot accretion flows without wind. We assume that the only non-zero component of the stress tensor is $T_{r\varphi}$. Furthermore we assume that the value of viscosity coefficient $\alpha$ varies with $\theta$. We find radially self-similar solutions and compare them with the numerical and the analytical solutions already studied in the literature. The no-wind solution obtained in this paper may be applied to the nuclei of some cool-core clusters.
Influence of temperature on growth and development of 1 dictyostelid slime moulds and its implication on the evolution 2 of cold-tolerance 3

Environmental temperature is a major determinant of microbial life. Dictyostelids are soil amoebae 18 capable of multicellular social behaviour upon starvation. They inhabit in a variety of environments 19 from the tundra to the tropics, but how they have adapted to environmental temperature remains 20 largely unknown. In this study, the effects of temperature on the growth and multicellular 21 development of 36 dictyostelid species (58 strains/isolates) were examined. More than half of the 22 species showed maximal growth and normal development at 28 ℃ or above, whereas some could 23 grow and develop at 4 ℃ , or even at 0 ℃ . Many of the isolates examined were from areas with 24 temperatures far lower than their preferred range over a large part of the year. There was a 25 significant correlation between thermal characteristics and phylogeny. Over 150 known dictyostelid 26 species are divided into several taxonomic groups. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated that cold- 27 tolerance evolved independently in major clades, most prominently in group 4 (genus Dictyostelium 28 according to the new classification by Sheikh et al .), which contains many species that are often 29 found in subarctic regions. These results suggest that ancestors that have acquired cold-tolerance 30 expanded their ranges into cooler areas where they could proliferate and develop during summer 31 and survive the severe winter.
The SNO+ experiment

The SNO+ experiment is located 2 km underground at SNOLAB in Sudbury, Canada. A low background search for neutrinoless double beta ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay will be conducted using 780 tonnes of liquid scintillator loaded with 3.9 tonnes of natural tellurium, corresponding to 1.3 tonnes of $^{130}$Te. This paper provides a general overview of the SNO+ experiment, including detector design, construction of process plants, commissioning efforts, electronics upgrades, data acquisition systems, and calibration techniques. The SNO+ collaboration is reusing the acrylic vessel, PMT array, and electronics of the SNO detector, having made a number of experimental upgrades and essential adaptations for use with the liquid scintillator. With low backgrounds and a low energy threshold, the SNO+ collaboration will also pursue a rich physics program beyond the search for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay, including studies of geo- and reactor antineutrinos, supernova and solar neutrinos, and exotic physics such as the search for invisible nucleon decay. The SNO+ approach to the search for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay is scalable: a future phase with high $^{130}$Te-loading is envisioned to probe an effective Majorana mass in the inverted mass ordering region.
OGLE ATLAS OF CLASSICAL NOVAE. II. MAGELLANIC CLOUDS

The population of classical novae in the Magellanic Clouds was poorly known because of a lack of systematic studies. There were some suggestions that nova rates per unit mass in the Magellanic Clouds were higher than in any other galaxy. Here, we present an analysis of data collected over 16 years by the OGLE survey with the aim of characterizing the nova population in the Clouds. We found 20 eruptions of novae, half of which are new discoveries. We robustly measure nova rates of 2.4 ± 0.8 yr−1 (LMC) and 0.9 ± 0.4 yr−1 (SMC) and confirm that the K-band luminosity-specific nova rates in both Clouds are 2–3 times higher than in other galaxies. This can be explained by the star formation history in the Magellanic Clouds, specifically the re-ignition of the star formation rate a few Gyr ago. We also present the discovery of the intriguing system OGLE-MBR133.25. 1160, which mimics recurrent nova eruptions.
Quantum critical behavior of semisimple gauge theories

We study the perturbative phase diagram of semisimple fermionic gauge theories resembling the Standard Model. We investigate an $SU(N)$ gauge theory with $M$ Dirac flavors where we gauge first an $SU(M{)}_{L}$ and then an $SU(2{)}_{L}\ensuremath{\subset}SU(M{)}_{L}$ of the original global symmetry $SU(M{)}_{L}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}SU(M{)}_{R}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1)$ of the theory. To avoid gauge anomalies we add leptonlike particles. At the two-loop level an intriguing phase diagram appears. We uncover phases in which one, two or three fixed points exist and discuss the associated flows of the coupling constants. We discover a phase featuring complete asymptotic freedom and simultaneously an interacting infrared fixed point in both couplings. The analysis further reveals special renormalization group trajectories along which one coupling displays asymptotic freedom and the other asymptotic safety, while both flowing in the infrared to an interacting fixed point. These are safety free trajectories. We briefly sketch out possible phenomenological implications, among which an independent way to generate near-conformal dynamics \`a la walking is investigated.
Revisiting double Dirac delta potential

We study a general double Dirac delta potential to show that this is the simplest yet still versatile solvable potential to introduce double wells, avoided crossings, resonances and perfect transmission (T = 1). Perfect transmission energies turn out to be the critical property of symmetric and anti-symmetric cases wherein these discrete energies are found to correspond to the eigenvalues of a Dirac delta potential placed symmetrically between two rigid walls. For well(s) or barrier(s), perfect transmission (or zero reflectivity, R ( E ) ) at energy E = 0 is non-intuitive. However, this has been found earlier and called the ‘threshold anomaly’. Here we show that it is a critical phenomenon and we can have 0 ≤ R ( 0 ) < 1 when the parameters of the double delta potential satisfy an interesting condition. We also invoke a zero-energy and zero curvature eigenstate ( ψ ( x ) = Ax + B ) of the delta well between two symmetric rigid walls for R ( 0 ) = 0 . We resolve that the resonant energies and the perfect transmission energies are different and they arise differently.
Resolving B — CP puzzles in QCD factorization

Within the framework of QCD factorization (QCDF), power corrections due to penguin annihilation can account for the observed rates of penguin-dominated two-body decays of $B$ mesons and direct $CP$ asymmetries ${A}_{CP}({K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})$, ${A}_{CP}({K}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})$, ${A}_{CP}({K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0})$ and ${A}_{CP}({\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})$. However, the predicted direct $CP$-violating effects in QCDF for ${B}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$, ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\eta}$, ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\eta}$ and ${\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ are wrong in signs when confronted with experiment. We show that subleading $1/{m}_{b}$ power corrections to the color-suppressed tree amplitude due to spectator scattering or final-state interactions will yield correct signs for aforementioned $CP$ asymmetries and accommodate the observed ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ and ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ rates simultaneously. Implications are discussed.