Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive CFD Assessment of Wheat Flow in Wheat Conveying Cyclone Validation and Performance Analysis by Experimental Data

Cyclone is often used in the Industry due to its low maintenance costs, simple design, and ease of operation. This work presents both experimental and simulation evaluation on the effect of inlet velocity and mass flow rate on the performance of a wheat conveying cyclone. According to the great importance of the pressure drop and separation efficiency on the separation phenomenon in the cyclone, a comprehensive study has been conducted in this regard. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was realized using a Reynolds stress turbulence model, and particle-air interactions were modeled using a discrete phase model. The result showed a good agreement between the measured value and CFD simulation on the pressure drop and tangential velocity with a maximum deviation of 6.8%. It was found that the separation efficiency increased with inlet velocity up to 16 m s−1 but decreased slightly at a velocity of 20 m s−1. The pressure drop increased proportionally with inlet velocity. However, optimum performance with the highest separation efficiency (99%) and acceptable pressure drop (416 Pa) was achieved at the inlet velocity of 16 m s−1 and mass flow rate of 0.01 kg s−1.
Logical devices implemented using quantum cellular automata

We examine the possible implementation of logic devices using coupled quantum dot cells. Each quantum cell contains two electrons which interact Coulombically with neighboring cells. The charge distribution in each cell tends to align along one of two perpendicular axes, which allows the encoding of binary information using the state of the cell. The state of each cell is affected in a very nonlinear way by the states of its neighbors. A line of these cells can be used to transmit binary information. We use these cells to design inverters, programmable logic gates, dedicated AND and OR gates, and non‐interfering wire crossings. Complex arrays are simulated which implement the exclusive‐OR function and a single‐bit full adder.
Effect of Compaction and Moisture Content on Specific Heat and Thermal Capacity of Soils

Laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the effect of moisture content and compaction on the specific heat and thermal compacity of soils. A theoretical relation between thermal capacity and moisture content was derived and tested experimentally. Thermal capacity of moist soil was found to be a linear function of moisture content for sandy as well as clay soils. Compaction appeared to have no significant effect on specific heat of the soils. However, volumetric thermal capacity increased with moisture content.
Electricity demand with electric cars in 2030: comparing Great Britain and Spain

The effect of domestic charging of electric vehicles (EVs) on electricity demand at a national level was addressed. A study case was created to investigate how different charging regimes (i.e. control policies) and EV-uptake levels will affect the electricity demand of Great Britain (GB) and Spain in 2030. Charging rates, battery capacities, and battery and charger efficiencies were drawn from literature. Traffic patterns were acquired from the British Department for Transport and the Spanish Ministry of Public Works. Uncontrolled, dual tariff (time-based control), dynamic price (price-based control) domestic charging regimes were defined and applied to both power systems for different EV utilization levels. The results show that for low EV utilization, the GB system would be able to cope with the increased demand that EV domestic charging would create. The Spanish system would need additional generation to cover the EV charging needs. The anticipated high EV utilization would almost double peak the demand in both countries.
Unveiling the abstract format of mnemonic representations

Working memory (WM) enables information storage for future use, bridging the gap between perception and behavior. We hypothesize that WM representations are abstractions of low-level perceptual features. However, the neural nature of these putative abstract representations has thus far remained impenetrable. Here, we demonstrate that distinct visual stimuli (oriented gratings and moving dots) are flexibly recoded into the same WM format in visual and parietal cortices when that representation is useful for memory-guided behavior. Specifically, the behaviorally relevant features of the stimuli (orientation and direction) were extracted and recoded into a shared mnemonic format that takes the form of an abstract line-like pattern. We conclude that mnemonic representations are abstractions of percepts that are more efficient than and proximal to the behaviors they guide.
In silico-labeled ghost cytometry

Characterization and isolation of a large population of cells are indispensable procedures in biological sciences. Flow cytometry is one of the standards that offers a method to characterize and isolate cells at high throughput. When performing flow cytometry, cells are molecularly stained with fluorescent labels to adopt biomolecular specificity which is essential for characterizing cells. However, molecular staining is costly and its chemical toxicity can cause side effects to the cells which becomes a critical issue when the cells are used downstream as medical products or for further analysis. Here, we introduce a high-throughput stain-free flow cytometry called in silico-labeled ghost cytometry which characterizes and sorts cells using machine-predicted labels. Instead of detecting molecular stains, we use machine learning to derive the molecular labels from compressive data obtained with diffractive and scattering imaging methods. By directly using the compressive ‘imaging’ data, our system can accurately assign the designated label to each cell in real time and perform sorting based on this judgment. With this method, we were able to distinguish different cell states, cell types derived from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, and subtypes of peripheral white blood cells using only stain-free modalities. Our method will find applications in cell manufacturing for regenerative medicine as well as in cell-based medical diagnostic assays in which fluorescence labeling of the cells is undesirable.
Mercury isotopic compositions in fine particles and offshore surface seawater in a coastal area of East China: Implication for Hg sources and atmospheric transformations

Abstract. Isotopic compositions of Hg in atmospheric particles (HgPM) are probably the mixed results of emission sources and atmospheric processes. Here, we present Hg isotopic compositions in daily fine particles (PM2.5) collected from an industrial site (CX) and a nearby mountain site (DMS) in a coastal area of East China, as well as in surface seawater close to the industrial area, to reveal the roles of anthropogenic emission sources and atmospheric transformations in varying Hg isotopes. The PM2.5 samples displayed significant spatial difference in δ202Hg. For the CX, the negative δ202Hg values were similar to those of source materials and HgPM contents were well correlated with other chemical tracers, indicating the dominant contributions of local industrial activities to HgPM2.5. Whereas the observed positive δ202Hg at the DMS was likely associated with regional emissions and extended photo-reduction during transport. Δ199Hg values in PM2.5 from the CX and DMS were comparable positive. The unity slope of Δ199Hg versus Δ201Hg over all data suggests that the odd-MIF of HgPM2.5 was primarily induced by photo-reduction in aerosols. The positive Δ200Hg values with minor spatial difference were probably associated with photo-oxidation of Hg0 which is generally enhanced in the coastal environment. Total Hg in offshore surface seawater was characterized by negative δ202Hg and near-zero Δ199Hg and Δ200Hg, which are indistinguishable from Hg isotopes of source materials. Overall, industrial PM2.5 had comparable δ202Hg values but more positive Δ199Hg and Δ200Hg as compared to surface seawater. The results indicate that atmospheric transformations would induce significant fractionation of Hg isotopes, which obscures Hg isotopes of anthropogenic emissions.
Vector-controlled double-inverter-fed wound-rotor induction motor suitable for high-power drives

In this paper, the principle and the results of an experimental study concerning a new high-power inverter drive system are presented. One usual method of supplying large vector-controlled AC drives is by three-level inverters configured with 6-in 6-kV 6-kA gate-turn-off thyristors. These inverters can be adopted for drives that have ratings less than several thousand kilowatts. However, in the case of drives rated more than several thousand kilowatts, two inverters have been combined using interphase reactors. However, interphase reactors have problems of acoustic noise and high losses and, in addition, are bulky and expensive. To overcome these problems, a new configuration using a wound-rotor induction motor and two current controlled pulsewidth modulation inverters is proposed. In this configuration, the outputs of the two inverters are combined electromechanically in the machine and, as a result, novel features can be obtained.
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LARGE FLOW RATING ELECTRO- HYDRAULIC PROPORTIONAL CARTRIDGE VALVE

A kind of cartridge servo proportional valve is discussed,which can be used for controlling large flow rate with high performance.By analyzing the structure principle of the valve,the transfer function of the valve is derived.With the transfer function,some structure elements that may affect its performance are investigated.Through the numerical simulation and test study,some principles of optimality and effective methods for improving the dynamic performance of the valve are proposed. The test results conform to the results of the theoretical analysis and simulation,which proves the correctness of the study and simulation works.The paper provides theoretical basis for engineering applications and series expanding design works.
Assessment of rainfall influence over water quality effluent of an urban catchment: a data driven approach

Experience has shown the important influence of rainstorm water in the arrival of pollutants to receiving water bodies. This paper presents an identification of rain gauge stations and rainstorm variables with influence over water quality parameters such as Temperature, Conductivity, pH and COD, measured in the effluent of an urban catchment. Fourteen rainfall events registered by eight rain gauge stations within or in the proximity of the studied catchment (El Salitre Basin, Bogotá, Colombia) were analysed by the use of correlation tests and Kernel Classificatory methods. Some sensitive water quality parameters to rainfall (maximum rainfall height, mean of height, total height; during a rainstorm event) were identified (pH, temperature, conductivity and settleable solids). Correlations were significant mainly for two rain gauge stations in the proximity (about 5 km) of the effluent and two others near the eastern mountains of the city (zone with high slopes).
Diagnostics of Induction Motor Based on Spectral Analysis of Stator Current with Application of Backpropagation Neural Network

Nowadays PC computers make possible the signal characteristics by calculation. The paper presents an automatic computerized system for the diagnosis of the rotor bars of the induction motor by applying spectral analysis and backpropagation neural network. Software to recognize the current of induction motor was implemented. System of current recognition is based on a study of the frequency spectrum of stator current. The studies were conducted for two conditions of induction motor. The results of the numerical experiments are presented and discussed in the paper. The researches show that the system can be useful for protection of the engines and metallurgical equipment
Bus Bar Simulations Using the PEEC Method

The Partial Element Equivalent Circuit (PEEC) is an integral equation based full-wave approach for the solution of combined circuit and electromagnetic problems in the time and the frequency domain. The method is fast and efficient and can be applied to different classes of problem s in power electronics system design, antennas modeling, and printed circuit board simulation. This paper presents PEEC usage in simulating a system of parallel bus bars used in distributing the DC-link power in a medium voltage frequency converter. Using PEEC simulations with non-uniform meshing, the impedance of a complete bus bar structure has been simulated. The results of PEEC simulations compare very well with measured values.
Queryable Compression on Time-evolving Web and Social Networks with Streaming

Time-evolving web and social network graphs are modeled as a set of pages/individuals (nodes) and their arcs (links/relationships) that change over time. Due to their popularity, they have become increasingly massive in terms of their number of nodes, arcs, and lifetimes. However, these graphs are extremely sparse throughout their lifetimes. For example, it is estimated that Facebook has over a billion vertices, yet at any point in time, it has far less than 0.001% of all possible relationships. The space required to store these large sparse graphs may not fit in most main memories using underlying representations such as a series of adjacency matrices or adjacency lists. We propose building a compressed data structure that has a compressed binary tree corresponding to each row of each adjacency matrix of the time-evolving graph. We do not explicitly construct the adjacency matrix, and our algorithms take the time-evolving arc list representation as input for its construction. Our compressed structure allows for directed and undirected graphs, faster arc and neighborhood queries, as well as the ability for arcs and frames to be added and removed directly from the compressed structure (streaming operations). We use publicly available network data sets such as Flickr, Yahoo! , and Wikipedia in our experiments and show that our new technique performs as well or better than our benchmarks on all datasets in terms of compression size and other vital metrics.
Neurophysiological Verbal Working Memory Patterns in Children: Searching for a Benchmark of Modality Differences in Audio/Video Stimuli Processing

Exploration of specific brain areas involved in verbal working memory (VWM) is a powerful but not widely used tool for the study of different sensory modalities, especially in children. In this study, for the first time, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate neurophysiological similarities and differences in response to the same verbal stimuli, expressed in the auditory and visual modality during the n-back task with varying memory load in children. Since VWM plays an important role in learning ability, we wanted to investigate whether children elaborated the verbal input from auditory and visual stimuli through the same neural patterns and if performance varies depending on the sensory modality. Performance in terms of reaction times was better in visual than auditory modality (p = 0.008) and worse as memory load increased regardless of the modality (p < 0.001). EEG activation was proportionally influenced by task level and was evidenced in theta band over the prefrontal cortex (p = 0.021), along the midline (p = 0.003), and on the left hemisphere (p = 0.003). Differences in the effects of the two modalities were seen only in gamma band in the parietal cortices (p = 0.009). The values of a brainwave-based engagement index, innovatively used here to test children in a dual-modality VWM paradigm, varied depending on n-back task level (p = 0.001) and negatively correlated (p = 0.002) with performance, suggesting its computational effectiveness in detecting changes in mental state during memory tasks involving children. Overall, our findings suggest that auditory and visual VWM involved the same brain cortical areas (frontal, parietal, occipital, and midline) and that the significant differences in cortical activation in theta band were more related to memory load than sensory modality, suggesting that VWM function in the child's brain involves a cross-modal processing pattern.
The Role of Design in Product-Service Organisations

Amid claims that we live in a service economy, the distinction between manufacturing and services is blurred. Many manufacturers have made a product-service transition, whereby services are integrated with products, to meet demand for access to the benefits, but not the risks of ownership of products. Many aspects of this transition and the product-service offerings which result require investigation, principally the relationship with design. Design itself is a concept open to many interpretations and studies of it have been hampered by the lack of an accepted theoretical framework. This research makes three main contributions, firstly it develops a theoretical framework for studying design and comparing organisations based on a proposed classification of design activities. Next it investigates the implications of a product-service transition, to add a three stage model of product-service development to the theoretical framework. Finally it uses the theoretical framework to explore the role of design in a large, product-service organisation and compares the findings to literature to position the theoretical contributions. The research follows an abductive strategy, moving back and forth between the theoretical and empirical domains. The overall research topic is reduced to three sub-topics, allowing three sets of research questions to be investigated. Studies of design, product-service implications and the role of design in product-service organisations are presented, utilising literature reviews and qualitative case studies. The research argues that design capabilities enable a product-service transition but a reconfiguration of design capabilities may be required as products are designed for multiple customers. Meanwhile, the customer-facing units described in the literature were found to act as a buffer, shielding designers from customer pressures and integrating customer requirements. For managers, this research highlights the considerations and implications of a product-service transition, while it has contributed articles to the academic literature and raises further research topics.
Predictors of Blood Transfusion for Endoscopic Assisted Craniosynostosis Surgery

Abstract: Blood loss is a main cause of morbidity after craniofacial procedures. The purpose of this study is to identify the incidence and predictors for transfusion of blood products in the endoscopic assisted strip craniectomy population. Data was prospectively collected from a single-center multi-surgeon cohort of 78 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic assisted strip craniectomy for craniosynostosis between July 2013 and December 2020. The authors reviewed patient and treatment characteristics and outcomes. Of the 78 patients, 26 patients were transfused yielding an overall rate of transfusion of 33%. The most common fused suture was sagittal (n = 42, 54%) followed by metopic (n = 15, 19%), multiple (n = 10, 13%), coronal (n = 7, 9%) and finally lambdoid (n = 4, 5%). On univariate analysis, patients’ weight in the transfusion cohort were significantly lower than those who did not receive a transfusion (5.6 ± 1.1 versus 6.5 ± 1.1 kg, P = 0.0008). The transfusion group also had significantly lower preoperative hemoglobin compared to the non-transfusion group (10.6 versus 11.1, P = .049). Eleven percent patients admitted to step-down received a transfusion, whereas 39% of patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit received a transfusion (P = 0.042). On multivariate analysis, only higher patient weight (operating room [OR] 0.305 [0.134, 0.693], P = 0.005) was protective against a transfusion, whereas colloid volume (OR 1.018 [1.003, 1.033], P = 0.019) predicted the need for a transfusion. Our results demonstrate that endoscopic craniosynostosis cases carry a moderate risk of transfusion. individuals with lower weight and those that receive colloid volume are also at elevated risk.
EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF BIHAR HAIRY CATERPILLAR, SPILOSOMA OBLIQUA WALK. (LEPIDOPTERA: ARCTIIDAE) IN BLACK GRAM (VIGNA MUNGO L.)

An experiment was conducted at Institute of Agriculture (Palli Siksha Bhavana) farm, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal during the summer season of 2008 to study on the evaluation of insecticides for the management of bihar hairy caterpillar (Spilosoma obliqua Walk.) in black gram. Insecticides used in the experiment were azadirachtin 1500ppm @3ml/l, endosulfan 35EC @ 300g a.i/ha, triazophos 40 EC @ 250g a.i/ha, thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 40g a.i/ha, e-cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 40g a.i/ha, indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 75g a.i/ha and imidacloprid17.8 SL @ 30g a.i/ha. Two sprays of insecticides were applied at fifteen days interval. The most effective insecticide in controlling the borers was triazophos followed by e-cyhalothrin. Per cent reduction of hairy caterpillar over untreated plot after final sprays was followed this order of efficacy: triazophos (90.64%) >e-cyhalothrin (83.71%) >indoxacarb (78.76%) >endosulfan (69.53%) >imidacloprid (62.31%) > thiamethoxam (57.40%). Azadirachtin was found to be least effective in controlling of hairy caterpillar. Highest cost benefit ratio (1:21.69) was observed in triazophos 40 EC @ 250g a.i/ha. KEY WORDS Black gram Bihar hairy caterpillar Triazophos Lambda-cyhalothrin Cost benefit ratio.
Single-Cell Sequencing of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveals Cell Interactions and Cell Heterogeneity in the Microenvironment

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main histological subtype of liver cancer, which has the characteristics of poor prognosis and high fatality rate. Single-cell sequencing can provide quantitative and unbiased characterization of cell heterogeneity by analyzing the molecular profile of the whole genome of thousands of single cells. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify novel prognostic markers for HCC based on single-cell sequencing data. Methods Single-cell sequencing of 21 HCC samples and 256 normal liver tissue samples in the GSE124395 dataset was collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The quality-controlled cells were grouped by unsupervised cluster analysis and identified the marker genes of each cell cluster. Hereafter, these cell clusters were annotated by singleR and CellMarker according to the expression patterns of the marker genes. Pseudotime analysis was performed to construct the trajectory of cell evolution and to define hub genes in the evolution process. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used to explore the potential regulatory mechanism of hub genes in HCC. Next, the differential expression of hub genes and the correlation of the expression of these genes with patients’ survival and diagnosis were investigated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Results A total of 9 clusters corresponding to 9 cell types, including NKT cells, hepatocytes, endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, EPCAM+ cells, cancer cells, plasma cells (B cells), immature B cells, and myofibroblasts were identified. We screened 63 key genes related to cell differentiation through trajectory analysis, which were enriched in the process of coagulation. Ultimately, we identified 10 survival-related hub genes in the TCGA database, namely ALDOB, APOC3, APOH, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, GC, HRG, LINC01554, PDK4, and TXN. Conclusion In conclusion, ALDOB, APOC3, APOH, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, GC, HRG, LINC01554, PDK4, and TXN may serve as hub genes in the diagnosis and prognosis for HCC.