Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gingival biotype and its relation to incisors' inclination and dentopapillary complex: An in vivo study

Objectives: To study the gingival biotype and its relation to maxillary and mandibular incisor inclination and its relation to dentopapillary complex. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 consecutive patients seeking orthodontic treatment at JSS Dental College, Mysore. Gingival biotype was assessed for maxillary and mandibular incisors using a digital vernier caliper. Maxillary and mandibular incisors' inclination and position were measured using cephalometric analysis. Parameters of dentopapillary complex were recorded from the dental casts. Results: The prevalence of thin gingival biotype was 42.66% for maxillary and 39.33% for mandibular incisors. A significant association was found between mandibular incisor inclination and thin gingival biotype, whereas there was no association between maxillary incisor inclination and gingival biotype. There was a significant correlation between gingival biotype and crown length, area of papilla, area of crown, and papilla length with P = 0.001 each. Conclusion: Mandibular incisor proclination is associated with thin gingival biotype, whereas no association is found in the maxilla. The correlation between gingival biotypes and dentopapillary complex is confirmed in this study. Evaluation of gingival biotype is of paramount importance during treatment planning for orthodontic patients.
Twin Variational Auto-Encoder for Representation Learning in IoT Intrusion Detection

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) play a pivotal role in defending IoT systems. However, developing a robust and efficient IDS is challenging due to the rapid and continuing evolving of various forms of cyber-attacks as well as a massive number of low-end IoT devices. In this paper, we introduce a novel deep learning architecture based on auto-encoders that allows to develop a robust intrusion detection system. Specifically, we propose a novel neural network architecture called Twin Variational Auto-Encoder (TVAE) for representation learning. TVAE includes a variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) and an Auto-Encoder (AE) that share a common stage where the decoder of the VAE is used as the encoder of the AE. The TVAE is trained in an unsupervised manner to effectively transform the original representation of data at the input of the VAE into a new representation at the output of the AE. In the new representation space, the difference between normal and attack data is more distinguishable. A variant of TVAE, namely Twin Sparse Variational Auto-Encoder (TSVAE) is also introduced by imposing a sparsity constraint on the representation units. The effectiveness of TVAE and TSVAE is evaluated using popular IDS and IoT botnet datasets. The simulation results show that the accuracy of TVAE and TSVAE can achieve the best results on six datasets, which is higher than those of state-of-the-art AE and VAE variants. We also investigate various characteristics of TVAE in the latent space as well as in the data extraction process. Besides applications on the IoT IDS, TVAE can also be applicable to all conventional network IDSs.
The combination of berberine and evodiamine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with modulation of gut microbiota in rats

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be a manifestation of hepatic metabolic syndrome. Some studies on the pathogenesis of NAFLD by targeting gut microbiota have attracted wide attention. Previous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of berberine and evodiamine on metabolic diseases and gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, it is not known whether the combination of berberine and evodiamine (BE) can prevent the development of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD. Therefore, we aimed to explore the protective effects of BE on the development of HFD-induced NAFLD from the perspective of the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota profiles were established by high throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. The effects of BE on liver and intestinal tissue, intestinal barrier integrity, and hepatic inflammation were also investigated. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota were enriched by BE treatment, with an increase in beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, and Prevotella, and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria such as Fusobacterium and Lachnospira. In addition, BE effectively improved liver fat accumulation and tissue damage, inhibited the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, increased the contents of intestinal tight junction proteins, and decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. Consequently, BE treatment could be an effective and alternative strategy for alleviating NAFLD by modulating gut microbiota and safeguarding the intestinal barrier.
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP)‐Dependent Phosphodiesterase Inhibition Promotes Bone Anabolism Through CD8 + T Cell Wnt‐10b Production in Mice

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)‐dependent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors such as pentoxifylline (PTX) suppress cAMP degradation and promote cAMP‐dependent signal transduction. PDE inhibitors increase bone formation and bone mass in preclinical models and are used clinically to treat psoriatic arthritis by targeting inflammatory mediators including activated T cells. T cell activation requires two signals: antigen‐dependent CD3‐activation, which stimulates cAMP production; and CD28 co‐stimulation, which downregulates cAMP‐signaling, through PDE activation. PDE‐inhibitors consequently suppress T cell activation by disrupting CD28 co‐stimulation. Interestingly, we have reported that when CD8+ T cells are activated in the absence of CD28 co‐stimulation, they secrete Wnt‐10b, a bone anabolic Wnt ligand that promotes bone formation. In the present study, we investigated whether the bone anabolic activity of the PDE‐inhibitor PTX, has an immunocentric basis, involving Wnt‐10b production by CD8+ T cells. When wild‐type (WT) mice were administered PTX, biochemical markers of both bone resorption and formation were significantly increased, with net bone gain in the axial skeleton, as quantified by micro‐computed tomography (μCT). By contrast, PTX increased only bone resorption in T cell knockout (KO) mice, causing net bone loss. Reconstituting T cell–deficient mice with WT, but not Wnt‐10b knockout (KO) CD8+ T cells, rescued bone formation and prevented bone loss. To study the role of cAMP signaling in Wnt‐10b expression, reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and luciferase‐reporter assays were performed using primary T cells. PDE inhibitors intensified Wnt‐10b promoter activity and messenger RNA (mRNA) accumulation in CD3 and CD28 activated CD8+ T cells. In contrast, inhibiting the cAMP pathway mediators protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB), suppressed Wnt‐10b expression by T cells activated in the absence of CD28 co‐stimulation. In conclusion, the data demonstrate a key role for Wnt‐10b production by CD8+ T cells in the bone anabolic response to PDE‐inhibitors and reveal competing T cell–independent pro‐resorptive properties of PTX, which dominate under T cell–deficient conditions. Selective targeting of CD8+ T cells by PDE inhibitors may be a beneficial approach for promoting bone regeneration in osteoporotic conditions. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A Review of Event Processing Frameworks used in HEP

Today there are many different experimental event processing frameworks in use by running or about to be running experiments. This talk will discuss the different components of these frameworks. In the past there have been attempts at shared framework projects for example the collaborations on the BaBar framework (between BaBar, CDF, and CLEO), on the Gaudi framework (between LHCb and ATLAS), on AliROOT/FairROOT (between Alice and GSI/Fair), and in some ways on art (Fermilab based experiments) and CMS’ framework. However, for reasons that will be discussed, these collaborations did not result in common frameworks shared among the intended experiments. Though importantly, two of the resulting projects have succeeded in providing frameworks that are shared among many customer experiments: Fermilab's art framework and GSI/Fair's FairROOT. Interestingly, several projects are considering remerging their frameworks after many years apart. I'll report on an investigation and analysis of these realities. With the advent of the need for multi-threaded frameworks and the scarce available manpower, it is important to collaborate in the future; however it is also important to understand why previous attempts at multi-experiment frameworks either worked or didn't work.
A multi-method approach on sustainability consciousness and discount rates

: This study explores if individuals' experience and awareness of sustainable development can influence their intertemporal preferences towards longer-term views. To answer this question, we surveyed 90 professionals, assessed their Sustainability Consciousness (SC) scores, compared them to their respective discount rates obtained through an experiment, and adjusted them to subjective time perceptions. Our result showed that, even though SC psychological aspects and theoretical dimensions positively correlate with each other, no direct effect could be observed between SC and discount rates metrics. This study pioneers in applying the Brazilian Portuguese version of the SC Questionnaire and exploring the relationship between SC and short-termism at an individual level.
Long-Term Clinical Results of Percutaneous Cervical Nucleoplasty for Cervical Radicular Pain: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Purpose Percutaneous cervical nucleoplasty (PCN) is a minimally invasive treatment for cervical radicular pain due to a disc herniation. Preliminary results show equivalent patient-reported outcomes of PCN as compared to conventional anterior cervical discectomy. However, there is a paucity of long-term outcome data. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the long-term clinical results of PCN. Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent PCN at a secondary referral center between 2010 and 2014. Before surgery and five days after surgery, numeric rating scales (NRS) for arm pain and neck pain and data on complications were collected. To determine long-term follow-up outcomes, patients were sent a questionnaire booklet containing the Core Outcome Measures Index-Neck (COMI-Neck), NRS for arm pain and neck pain, Likert-scales on patient satisfaction and questions regarding the incidence of reoperations and complications. Results The baseline characteristics were collected for 158 patients. At a median follow-up of 41.5 months (interquartile range (IQR) 27.0 to 57.5), data were available for 118 patients (74.7%). At short-term follow-up, patients that underwent PCN had a mean decrease of 3.0 on the NRS for arm pain (95% CI 2.5 to 3.6) compared to baseline, while at long-term follow-up, a mean decrease of 2.8 (95% CI 1.0 to 3.6) was observed. At the long-term follow-up, 67.8% of the patients were fully recovered from all symptoms and 93.3% remained satisfied with the PCN treatment results. The reoperation rate for recurrent disc herniation was 21.4% at long-term follow-up. Conclusion PCN appears to be a safe and effective treatment at short-term and long-term follow-up of a specific selection of cervical herniated discs, with an acceptable long-term reoperation rate. These study results suggest a potential role of PCN as a less invasive treatment option for cervical radicular pain due to a soft disc herniation, before anterior cervical discectomy should be considered.
Drug-Related Hypersensitivity Reactions Leading to Emergency Department: Original Data and Systematic Review

The aim of the present study is to describe pharmacological characteristics of drug-related allergies and anaphylaxis leading to the emergency department (ED). An 8-year post hoc analysis on the MEREAFaPS Study database was performed (2012–2019). Subjects who experienced drug-related hypersensitivity leading to an ED visit were selected. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the reporting odds ratios (RORs) of drug-related allergies and anaphylaxis adjusting for sex, age classes, and ethnicity. In addition, a systematic review of observational studies evaluating drug-related hypersensitivity reactions leading to ED visits in outpatients was performed. Out of 94,073 ED visits, 14.4% cases were drug-related allergies and 0.6% were anaphylaxis. Females accounted for 56%. Multivariate logistic regression showed a higher risk of drug-related allergy among males and all age classes < 65 years, while a higher risk of anaphylaxis was observed for females (ROR 1.20 [1.01–1.42]) and adults (ROR 2.63 [2.21–3.14]). The systematic review included 37 studies. ED visits related to allergy and anaphylaxis ranged from 0.004% to 88%, and drug-related allergies and anaphylaxis ranged from 0.007% to 88%. Both in our analysis and in primary studies, antibacterials, analgesics, and radiocontrast agents were identified as the most common triggers of hypersensitivity.
Smallmouth yellowfish, Labeobarbus aeneus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), as a potential new definitive host of the invasive parasite Atractolytocestus huronensis (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea) from common carp: example of recent spillover in South Africa?

Atractolytocestus huronensis Anthony, 1958 has been co-introduced with its cyprinid host Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, common carp, to several continents. This cestode was only recently (2012) detected in South Africa and occur in two major river systems. In Africa, A. huronensis has only been reported from C. carpio . During routine parasitological surveys in the Vaal River system in central South Africa, unidentified cestodes were recorded from common carp at several localities. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, alongside genetic characterisation, they were identified as A. huronensis , greatly expanding the distribution of this parasite in the upper reaches of the Vaal River system and indicating rapid spread in the system. Thereafter, in November 2020, more caryophyllidean cestodes were detected infecting native smallmouth yellowfish, Labeobarbus aeneus (Burchell, 1822) just below the Vaal Dam wall. They were also morphologically and genetically identified as A. huronensis , indicating a possible new definitive host and spillover from carp. However, only juvenile worms (up to late stage 4) were detected in L. aeneus , suggesting a paradefinitive or accidental infection. Their pathological effect on the intestine of L. aeneus mimicked that described in acute infections in common carp, with damage limited to the intestinal epithelium and no prominent ulcerations. This apparent mild infection of an indigenous host needs to be monitored. The spillover to L. aeneus appears to be recent as no caryophyllidean cestodes were collected from this host species at the same locality and season the previous year, nor at any of the other well studied sites in the Vaal River system. Chronic infection of L. aeneus may still develop and indicate that the near threatened largemouth yellowfish, Labeobarbus kimberleyensis (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1913), may be at risk as well.
The hidden safety net: wild and semi-wild plant consumption and dietary diversity among women farmers in Southwestern Burkina Faso

ABSTRACT Mainstream development thinking suggests that increasing agricultural production will increase wealth and lead to improved diets. However, in Burkina Faso, even better off rural areas are still experiencing widespread nutrition insecurity. Wild plants play a key role in rural diets and serve as a nutritional safety net. This research investigates the use of wild plants for dietary diversity among women rice farmers and their households in southwestern Burkina Faso. We use data collected through semi-structured interviews with 131 women over the 2016–2020 period. We find that wild foods are important for dietary diversity, especially for poor households.
Analyzing Citations to Software by Research Area: A Case Study of MATLAB

ABSTRACT Citation analysis can uncover ways to apply the use of software in different research synergies. A cited reference search on MATLAB in the Web of Science database retrieved 6,873 citing articles from 2000 to 2020. These articles were analyzed by research areas to reveal the use of MATLAB in unexpected subject-specific disciplines. The VOSviewer software tool was used to generate and analyze keyword co-occurrence clusters by research area. The study found that MATLAB not only holds applications in the Technology and the Physical Sciences disciplines but also extends to the Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Social Sciences, and Arts & Humanities.
Apps, Agents, and Improvisation: Ensemble Interaction with Touch-Screen Digital Musical Instruments

This thesis concerns the making and performing of music with new digital musical instruments (DMIs) designed for ensemble performance. While computer music has advanced to the point where a huge variety of digital instruments are common in educational, recreational, and professional music-making, these instruments rarely seek to enhance the ensemble context in which they are used. Interaction models that map individual gestures to sound have been previously studied, but the interactions of ensembles within these models are not well understood. In this research, new ensemble-focussed instruments have been designed and deployed in an ongoing artistic practice. These instruments have also been evaluated to find out whether, and if so how, they affect the ensembles and music that is made with them. Throughout this thesis, six ensemble-focussed DMIs are introduced for mobile touch-screen computers. A series of improvised rehearsals and performances leads to the identification of a vocabulary of continuous performative touch-gestures and a system for tracking these collaborative performances in real time using tools from machine learning. The tracking system is posed as an intelligent agent that can continually analyse the gestural states of performers, and trigger a response in the performers’ user interfaces at appropriate moments. The hypothesis is that the agent interaction and UI response can enhance improvised performances, allowing performers to better explore creative interactions with each other, produce
Long non-coding RNA FEZF1-AS1 promotes rectal cancer progression by competitively binding miR-632 with FAM83A

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) forebrain embryonic zinc finger protein 1 antisense RNA1 (FEZF1-AS1) was recently identified as an oncogenic gene in several types of tumors. The biological function of FEZF1-AS1 in rectal cancer progression, however, remains unknown. In the present study, we discover that FEZF1-AS1 is significantly upregulated in rectal cancer tissues and cells. Knocking down of FEZF1-AS1 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and tumorigenesis in vivo. Furthermore, FEZF1-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-632, resulting in the suppression of family with sequence similarity 83, member A (FAM83A). Overall, our findings reveal that FEZF1-AS1/miR-632/FAM83A axis plays an oncogenic role in rectal cancer progression, suggesting that it may be a novel therapeutic target for rectal cancer.
Social outbreak and its association with insomnia and daytime sleepiness in Chile

ABSTRACT Objectives: To associate the effects of the social outbreak with insomnia and daytime sleepiness according to the distance from the riots. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study; a non-probabilistic sampling was carried out at a national level. The Google Forms tool was used; a document was submitted using a national database. The instrument consisted of four sections: socio-demographic data, biopsychosocial symptoms, insomnia severity index (ISI), and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the zero-inflated negative binomial model. Results: Of a total of 2,532 surveyed people, 29% were male; 43% was younger than 30 years old. The 50% of the sample suffers from sleepiness and 71% shows some type of insomnia. The marginal effects of the zero-inflated negative binomial model show that women, people aged 51 or older, who are neither studying a healthcare degree nor working in the healthcare sector, that are exposed to 4 or more hours per day to the news and that live in areas near or very near the riots, have significantly higher ISI (marginal effect 1.356, SE 0.381, p-value 0.000) and ESS scores (marginal effect 0.693, SE 0.320, p-value 0.030). To live/work in rioting areas has the greater marginal effect compared to other determinants. Finally, neither employment status nor educational level are associated with significant effects in the aforementioned scales. Conclusion: The riots occurred during the social outbreak of October 2019 in Chile had an effect on insomnia and daytime sleepiness. Particularly, to live/work in rioting areas has the greater marginal effect compared to other determinants.
Free vibration analysis of all round clamped thin isotropic rectangular plate by Ritz Direct Variational Method

This paper developed polynomial comparison functions for the free vibration analysis of clamped thin rectangular plates using the Ritz Direct Variational Method. The polynomials were derived systematically from a predefined formula, which could generate any number of trial functions for any set of plate’s classical boundary conditions. The method was implemented by means of a Mathematica computer programme developed by the authors. The frequency parameters so obtained agreed excellently with those available in the literature. The numerical values of the frequency parameters increased with the aspect ratio irrespective of the mode considered. In addition, the study showed that the more the number of polynomial coordinate functions in the shape function, the better the accuracy of the results. The convergence study corroborated the fact that a one-term approximation yields sufficient accuracy. The convergence was best for square plates, even though acceptable percentages of convergence were obtained for the other side ratios.
Design of Digital Data Selectors on FPGA in a Laboratory Environment

In this paper introduced the basics of designing digital devices on the field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The article describes the process of creating a digital combinational device using the laboratory board Altera UP2. The design of the device on multiplexers and demultiplexers of various types was carried out. The article considers the use of mega-functions, as well as the basics of their creation for the implementation of a digital data processing and transmission system. It also shows the process of configuring megafunctions using the auto-create manager. In the computeraided design system Quartus II, the research and programming of the created device was carried out. This technique for creating digital data selectors based on various types of devices can be used for education in the laboratory and creating optimized devices of this type.