Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financial Education and Savings and Investment Decisions; An Analysis of the Survey of Financial Competences (ECF)

This paper is based on the results deriving from the Survey of Financial Competences (ECF) in an attempt to contribute to the improvement of financial education policy designs, and it pursues several objectives: (i) to quantify the financial knowledge of individuals, (ii) to relate this knowledge to available socio-economic characteristics, and (iii) to analyse the effect of financial education on savings and investment decision-making for a broad set of financial assets. The results reveal that financial education plays a particularly important role in the decision to acquire financial assets such as fixed income and equity securities and investment funds. Financial education determines investment decisions in which the valuation of return, risk and investment term predominate and not the decisions of saving or acquisition of assets strongly perceived as hedging products.
Determinan Agresivitas Pajak Pada Perusahaan: Kajian Pada Leverage, Likuiditas, Komisaris Independen Dan Manajemen Laba

The state loses tax revenue, especially from corporate income tax which is quite high every year, this happens because there are still many companies that are doing tax aggressiveness. This study aims to investigate whether corporate tax aggressive have a less transparent information environment. Financial complexity such as leverage and liquidity, independent commissioners, and earnings management affected tax aggressiveness. Effective tax rate (ETR) and cash effective tax rate (CETR) were used to measure tax aggressiveness. The test was conducted for manufacturing firms that were listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange during the period of 2015-2019. Panel data regression was used to test the hypothesis. The result showed that it failed to find a significant relationship between liquidity and tax aggressiveness. Independent commissioners had a negative impact on tax aggressiveness, but leverage and earning management had a positive impact on tax aggressiveness. Overall, these results important to both financial and tax regulators and other stakeholders, who have a vested interest in understanding the interaction of financial and corporate tax aggressiveness.
THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND MACROECONOMIC FORECASTING: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE SPRING 2021 SPECIAL ISSUE

Nonlinear machine learning models (such as kernel ridge regressions and random forests) perform better than linear models (such as lasso and ridge regressions) that can deal with a large number of predictors, particularly for labour market variables. A simple and effective way to estimate GDP growth’s predictive density starts by computing forecasting uncertainty using the observed past forecast errors of the forecasting method. The authors review alternative approaches to accommodate this time variation able to deal with issues caused by the extraordinary forecasting errors observed for typical macroeconomic forecasting models.
Indigenous Knowledge Management in the Modern Day Library and Information Services

Indigenous knowledge (IK) is the knowledge which exists among the people in a given community and its beneficial towards sustainable development cannot be over-emphasized because of its importance in every society . It has been observed and supported by Greyling, (2010) that academic libraries in Nigeria are not playing the leading role in the promotion of IK in the country by organizing tours to collect cultural ideas of the people for management. This paper examines Indigenous knowledge management process in four academic libraries in Lagos, Nigeria. Purposive sampling method was used to select four government owned tertiary institutional libraries in Lagos State. Cochran (1963) sample size table formula was used to determine sample size of 115 respondents from the total population (135) of the study. This study adopted descriptive survey design which make used of questionnaire and interview for data collection. The finding revealed that IK was available in the selected academic libraries and health information was the main reason for using IK in the selected academic libraries. It was also revealed that all the four academic libraries have no IK policy. The challenges facing the management of IK in the selected academic libraries are the lack of relevant ICT resources that can be used to preserve Indigenous knowledge in the libraries. The study recommended that library management should make fund available for the libraries to acquaire necessary ICT tools that can be used to preserve IK and there is urgent need for IK policy, this will serve as white papers in the promotion of IK use in the selected academic library. This study has joined in the discussion in the promotion of IK in Nigeria and it has also contributed to literature on IK development.
Quantum State Absorptions Coupled To Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Could Result In A General Explanation of TERS From Multiprobe NSOM {\&} Raman Scattering

Tip enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) amplifies the intensity of vibrational Raman scattering by employing the tip of a probe interacting, in ultra close proximity, with a surface. Although a general understanding of the TERS process is still to be fully elucidated, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) feedback is often applied with success in TERS to keep a noble metal probe in intimate proximity with a noble metal substrate. Since such STM TERS is a common modality, the possible implications of plasmonic fields that may be induced by the tunneling process are investigated and reported. In addition, TERS of a 2D resonant molecular system, a MoS2 bilayer crystal and a 2D non-resonant, lipid molecular bilayer is compared. Data with multiple excitation wavelengths and surfaces for the resonant system in the near- (TERS) and far-field regimes are reported. An interpretation based on weak coupling interactions within the framework of conventional resonance Raman scattering can explain the observed TERS enhancements. The non-resonant molecular lipid system, on the other hand, requires strong coupling for a full understanding of the reported observations.
Adsorption of simple molecules on structured surfaces

The adsorption of molecules on structured surfaces was studied using ab initio density-functional theory. The adsorption of H 2 and CO on the rather open Pd(210) surface is characterized and the corresponding binding energies and geometries are determined in the first part of this thesis. In contrast to low-index Pd surfaces, a molecular H 2 adsorption state is found to be stabilized by the presence of atomic hydrogen on the surface. The second part of this thesis is concerned with the chemical properties of pseudomorphic platinum multilayers on the Ru(0001) surface. The chemical reactivity as a function of the layer thickness is examined using the adsorption of atomic and molecular oxygen as well as carbon monoxide. The reactivity of the surface is changed by about the same magnitude through both the compression of the Pt multilayers as well as the direct interaction of the ruthenium substrate with the first two Pt layers.
Mitigation Effects of Vitamin C and E Against Copper Toxicity in Broiler Chickens, With Reference to Biochemical, Genotoxicity and Pathological Studies

Copper (Cu) is necessary for biological utility, nevertheless when existing in abundance; it can produce plentiful injurious impacts. This enquiry was carried out to explore the efficiency of individual or combined doses of vitamin C (Vit C) and vitamin E (Vit E) in ameliorating some biochemical, genotoxicity and pathological changes in the liver of copper sulphate (CuSO 4 )-intoxicated chickens. One hundred- one day old broiler chicks were haphazardly divided into 5groups of 20 chicks each. The broilers were fed on basal diet only (control, gp.1 ) or supplemented with 300 mg CuSO 4 /kg diet (Cu, gp.2 ), CuSO 4 + 250 mg Vit C /kg diet (Cu+ Vit C, gp.3 ), CuSO 4 +250 mg Vit E /kg diet (Cu+ Vit E, gp.4 ) and both vitamins C + E (Cu+ Vit C+ Vit E, gp.5 ) for six weeks. The results displayed that CuSO 4 - intoxicated birds (gp.2) had significantly ( p<0.05 ) dwindled body weight, gain and feed consumption with increased feed conversion rate from week 2 till the 6 th week compared with control group. Serum aminotransferases (ALT, AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly ( p<0.05 ) augmented in CuSO4- exposed group (gp.2) with significantly ( p<0.05 ) drop in serum total protein (TP), albumin, globulins, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to control. Concomitantly, histopathological and DNA changes were perceived in liver of CuSO 4 -intoxicated birds. Co-supplementation of Vit C, and Vit E single-handedly or incorporation to CuSO 4 -intoxicated chickens displayed an enhancement in performance traits and abovementioned changes, especially with those given combination of vitamins. From the extant enquiry, it could be established that supplementation of vitamin C and E were beneficial for alleviation the harmful effects of CuSO 4 on performance and other studied parameters in broiler chickens.
An Investigation of Preservice Teachers’ Academic Self-Efficacy and Academic Motivation

The purpose of this study is to determine the academic self-efficacy and motivation levels of preservice teachers and to investigate these cognitive aspects in terms of various variables. The participants of the current study consist of 621 preservice teachers studying at Necmettin Erbakan University Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education in 2020-2021 academic year. The study adopted a single survey model. Research data were collected using Academic Self-Efficacy Scale and Academic Motivation Scale. Independent sample T-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that the academic self-efficacy and academic motivation levels of the preservice teachers were high; academic self-efficacy did not reveal any significant difference according to gender and year of study variables. It was found out that the academic motivations of the participants revealed significant differences according to gender, year of study, academic achievement, and career expectation variables.
Effect of Space Configurational Attributes on Social Interactions in Urban Parks

Urban parks are one of the most common spaces for social interactions in modern cities. The design of park spaces, especially space configuration, has significant influences on people’s social behaviors in parks. In this study, the associations between space configurational attributes and social interactions were investigated using space syntax theory. An observation analysis of social behaviors was carried out in two urban parks in Beijing, China. Nine space configurational attributes, including depth to the gate, depth to the main road, connectivity, normalized angular integration (NAIN), and normalized angular choice (NACH) with three radii, were calculated using a segment model. The variance analysis and regression analysis reveal the strong joint effect of space type, space scale factors, and space configurational attributes on social interaction behaviors in parks. The personal interaction group contained 23% of the total observed people involved in social interactions. Pathway length, zone area, and NACH-10K (NACH with a radius of 10,000 m) are positively associated with the number of people involved in personal interactions. For the social interaction group (77% of the total observed people), the space scale and depth to main city road were found to have a positive and negative influence on social interaction intensity.
Going Online! Use and Effectiveness of Online Mode of Instruction in the Teaching of English Language

Contemporary time necessitated the use of advanced, scientific and digital technologies to take forward the teaching-learning process uninterrupted, making teaching online effective, cheap, convenient, and an alternative to traditional classes. It has been a drastic change that revolutionised English Language classes. Unprecedented levels of digitalisation in the field of education cropped up many logistical and pedagogical problems. This research paper attempts to look into these problems through a survey, analysing the different perspectives and approaches of individual teachers in developing and evaluating language skills, developing primers and ICT tools, and using them for effective, pleasurable online language teaching-learning, making classes student-centred. It also analysed the scope of making online and traditional classrooms supplementary and complementary to each other. Certainly, there is a need for better infrastructure, training, connectivity, integration of Augmented and Virtual Reality to provide experiential learning and to cope up with emerging challenges
Energetic Electron Precipitation Induced by Oblique Whistler Mode Chorus Emissions

Energetic electron acceleration and precipitation in the Earth's outer radiation belt are highly associated with wave‐particle interactions between whistler mode chorus waves and electrons. We perform test particle simulations to investigate electrons interacting with parallel and oblique chorus emissions with maximum amplitude 2.1 nT and 370 pT at L = 4.5. We build up a database of Green's functions, which are treated as results of the input electrons interacting with one chorus emission. The loss process of electrons caused by consecutive chorus emissions in the outer radiation belt are traced by applying the convolution integrals of distribution functions and the Green's functions. Oblique chorus emissions lead to more electron precipitation than parallel chorus emissions in the range 370 pT–2.1 nT. By checking the resonance condition and resonant energies, we find that electrons are difficult to be scattered into the loss cone directly by Landau resonance. We propose a two‐step precipitation process for oblique chorus emissions that contributes to more electron loss: (a) Through Landau resonance interaction with a chorus emission, electrons at high pitch angles are effectively accelerated in the parallel direction, and their pitch angles become lower. (b) The electrons bounce back toward the equator, and they are pushed into loss cone through nonlinear scattering due to cyclotron resonance with another chorus emission. The combination of Landau resonance and cyclotron resonance by oblique chorus emissions results in a higher precipitation rate than the single cyclotron resonance by purely parallel chorus emissions.
Robust Efficient Hybrid Pre-Coding Scheme for mmWave Cell-Free and User-Centric Massive MIMO Communications

Millimeter-wave cell-free and user-centric massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems are promising, due to the reliable ultra-high data rate services. Thus, it is a significant issue to design low-complexity hybrid precoders. In this paper, a simplified sum-mean-square-error (SMSE) is used to design hybrid precoders, based on the array gain and spatial macro-diversity. Then, a heuristic hybrid pre-coding scheme is proposed, with two analog design algorithms that are with or without the knowledge of statistical information. The influence of the imperfect state information of beams is theoretically analyzed, from the instantaneous and ergodic aspects, verifying the robustness of the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that our proposed low-complexity hybrid precoder can be easily realized with acceptable bit error rate (BER) and sum-rate performances, especially when the total transmit power is small.
Fabrication of Polyindole-Coated Zinc Ferrite Particles and Their Dual Rheological Response Under Magnetic and Electric Fields

ZnF<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/polyindole (PIn) core/shell particles were synthesized using a solvothermal method followed by an oxidative polymerization process. The synthesis was relatively simple, and the ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> core was found to have suitable magnetic properties as a magnetorheological (MR) particle. The ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/PIn particles had a uniform and spherical morphology with their saturation magnetization of 42.59 emu/g. Field emission transmission electron microscopy was used for characterization. The ZnF<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/PIn particles were suspended in silicone oil at 5 vol.% for electrorheological/MR (E/MR) fluid preparation. Steady shear and dynamic tests were performed under each magnetic and electric field by a rotational rheometer to analyze the dual-responsive rheological properties of the ZnF<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/PIn-based E/MR fluid. Under a magnetic field, the power-law exponents of both dynamic and elastic yield stresses were observed to be 1.0, while their ER response was observed directly from optical microscope.
Residual Chlorine Decay In Water Distribution Network

The study was undertaken to measure the variational change in residual chlorine decay in water distribution network. A total of 900 water sample were collected at different period of the day for one month, from different ten water sample locations at water stand taps, at the study area in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. The effect of various Pipe diameter, water sample point distance, change in chlorine concentration with time on residual chlorine and regression model of residual chlorine as a function of dosage, pipe diameter and temperature were investigated. First order decay equation was used to model and analyst the variational change in residual chlorine concentration. It was observed that, the residual chlorine concentration decreases as pipe diameter increases. The loss of chlorine in water was found to be smaller in larger pipe diameter. The residual chlorine concentration decreases as distance increases. A linear relationship was observed to exist between residual chlorine concentration and change in chlorine concentration with time. Furthermore, from the regression model, the R square value, been the coefficient of correlation of the regression, shows that, for morning period 87%, afternoon period 85% and night period 73% of the total variation of the chlorine concentration at the water stand taps was accounted for by dosage, temperature and pipe diameter. This research offers several options and robust approach in addressing chronic water supply in Cross River State and as a guide in planning, simplifying approaches in predicting residual chlorine in pipe of varying diameter and strategizing proper dosing approach for water treatment plant to attain a desirable and durable residual chlorine at water stand taps.
Effect of Alkylimidazolium Ionic Liquids on the Corrosion Inhibition of Copper in Sulfuric Acid Solution

The effects of three newly synthesized alkylimidazolium based ionic liquids:1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4),1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([HMIM]HSO4),and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([OMIM]HSO4),on the corrosion inhibition of copper in 0.5 mol · L-1 H2SO4 solution were investigated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.All the measurements show that these alkylimidazolium ionic liquids are excellent inhibitors for copper in sulfuric acid media and the effectiveness of these inhibitors decreases as follows:[OMIM]HSO4 [HMIM]HSO4 [BMIM]HSO4 at the same concentration.Potentiodynamic polarization studies indicate that the three inhibitors are mixed type inhibitors and that both the cathodic and anodic processes of copper corrosion are suppressed.The electrochemical impedance results were evaluated using an equivalent circuit in which two constant phase elements (CPE) were offered for these systems with two time constants.Changes in impedance parameters (charge transfer resistance and double layer capacitance) with the addition of the inhibitors also suggest that these imidazolium based molecules act by adsorbing at the copper/solution interface.The adsorption of these imidazolium based compounds on the copper surface in an acidic solution is found to fit the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.Thermodynamic calculations reveal that the adsorption of inhibitors on the metal surface occurs by a physisorption-based mechanism involving a spontaneous process.
Molecular dynamics of methane adsorption in shale

ABSTRACT In this paper, the supercritical gas molecule adsorption characteristics of methane in shale are quantitatively described by using the lattice theory. The results show that the methane adsorption capacity predicted by this theory is high, with the average absolute error 0.003 3 mmol·g−1. There is a near-linear positive relationship between the adsorption potential between methane and the solid surface (ϵs) and the experimental temperature. The value of the average potential between the adsorbate molecules (ϵa) is distributed in −0.841–1.791 kJ·mol−1, and the absolute value of ϵa is significantly smaller than the absolute value of ϵs, indicats that the potential energy between the adsorbate molecules is significantly smaller than that between the adsorbate molecules and the pore surface of shale. When the temperature is relatively low (T = 308.55 K), the value of ϵs/ϵa is 7.5 times; with the increases of the temperature, the magnification will gradually decrease and keep stabilize (3.37 times).
Evaluation of knowledge in the field of proper skin care and exacerbating factors in patients with psoriasis

Introduction Psoriasis is one of the most common dermatological diseases. It is characterized by a chronic course with periods of exacerbations and remissions. The recurrent nature of the disease and the influence of environmental factors on its course require the patients not only to be treated but also to have knowledge of prophylaxis and proper skin care. Aim Obtaining information on the level of knowledge of patients suffering from psoriasis in the field of triggering factors and proper skin care. Material and methods A total of 130 patients with psoriasis participated in the study. The research tool was the author’s questionnaire addressed to patients. Results Research has shown that the main source of knowledge for people with psoriasis was the Internet (85%). Only 17% obtained information about the disease from medical personnel. The respondents were aware of the negative impact of only some environmental factors, such as: injuries (63%), stimulants (77%), stress (95%), and infections (69%). Most subjects attributed the therapeutic effect to brine baths (74%). Usually the patients were aware of the oiling (85%) and moisturizing (33%) effects of emollients on psoriatic lesions. Only 46% of the respondents obtained a positive test result. Demographic variables correlated with the level of knowledge. Conclusions The knowledge of psoriasis patients about exacerbating factors and proper skin care is insufficient.