Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of administration of prostaglandin F2.ALPHA.(PGF2.ALPHA.) on the properties of sperm rich fraction of boar semen.

Semen and its sperm rich fraction was collected from two Landrace and one Landrace-Large White crossbred boars (1 to 2 years old) one hour after injection of 12mg PGF2α into rump muscles. The PGF2α treatment improved libido to some extent and caused earlier erection of the penis in one boar. The duration of ejaculation, volume of semen and the total number of sperm in the sperm rich fraction increased following the injection by 32, 28 and 44%, respectively (P<0.01). The concentration and total number of sperm in the whole ejaculates increased by 23 (P<0.05) and 34% (P<0.01), respectively. No significant difference was seen in the viability of sperm in the sperm rich fraction stored at 15 C between the PGF2α injection group and the control group.These results suggest that the main effect of PGF2α was the increase of the volume and total number of sperm in the sperm rich fraction and that those sperm rich fraction could be used for artificial insemination.
Laparoscope Assisted Embryo Transfer and Conception Rate in Farm Rambouillet Ewes

Sheep is a multi-facet utility animal reared mainly for the flesh and fibers, though it also produces some milk and has religious values too. Its contribution in the rural economy is important particularly in the mountainous areas of the country. Easy rearing under broad environmental conditions, short generation cycles and a high fecundity are the characters which need to be properly exploited to enhance the contribution of sheep in the development of Indian economy. Embryo transfer is a technique by which elite female animals are superovulated to produce embryos which are collected from uterus prior to implantation and are transplanted in to the reproductive tract of synchronized recipient females to bear gestation and give birth of offspring (Gibbons and Cueto, 2011). It is a unique tool and has opened up many possibilities in enhancing production potential International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 6 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Solar abundances from gamma-ray spectroscopy : comparisons with energetic particle, photospheric, and coronal abundances

Accelerated particle and ambient gas abundances have been derived using solar flare gamma-ray spectroscopy. The results with photospheric and coronal abundances, as well as with solar energetic particle abundances. This is the first time that the composition of accelerated particles interacting in an astrophysical source has been compared with the composition of particles escaping from the source. The analysis shows that the derived composition of the accelerated particles is different from the composition of particles observed in large proton flares; rather, it resembles the composition observed in He-3-rich flares. The analysis also suggests an ambient gas composition which differs from the composition of both the photosphere and the corona. 28 refs.
Structured models for dengue epidemiology

Dengue is a vector-borne disease. Around 2.5 billion people are thought to be at risk of infection. It is spread primarily through the Aedes aegypti mosquito, and is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. There are four distinct serotypes which co-circulate. Whilst infection from one serotype provides homologous immunity it does not provide heterologous immunity. In this thesis we use a range of modelling techniques to examine how the epidemiological dynamics of dengue are affected by immunological interaction between serotypes and age–dependent variation in the extent to which people are exposed to the mosquito population. We initially consider transmission dynamics for multi–serotype dengue infections and present a new framework for how secondary infections are modelled. We move on to consider age–structure and introduce a method to quantify differences between seroprevalence profiles when age–independent and age–dependent transmission rates are implemented. We combine these ideas and find that parameters associated with transmission of secondary infections can interact with age–structure and affect how easy it is to detect age–dependence in seroprevalence profiles. Finally we consider how age–dependent variation in the exposure people have to mosquitoes affects the probability of an epidemic and the optimal prevention strategy that should be implemented to ensure that the introduction of isolated infections does not lead to large epidemics. Our results show it is necessary to understand the underlying dynamics of dengue and implement the correct model, as dynamics can differ substantially. They also show the importance of public health strategies to ensure that all age–groups exposure to mosquitoes is as minimal as possible to decrease the risk of an epidemic. Therefore we have found relevant results that help to further understand the dynamics of dengue.
Assessment of Genetic Variability in Prolactin Gene and Its Impact on Milk Composition in Bos indicus Cattle

India is homeland and origin place of many elite cattle breeds of the world and possesses around 40 well recognized Bos indicus breeds of cattle (Anonymous, 2013) which holds great promise and potential for milk production in addition to their exemplary adaptability to tropical climate. The effective assessment of genetic variability in genes affecting the physiological pathways of milk composition traits (Agrawal et al., 2018) and incorporation of this genotypic information as fixed factor in estimation of breeding value could significantly improve the selection responses and potential values of the indigenous cattle genetic resources (Mohammed et al., 2015). Newer breeding goals especially on milk composition traits have recently gained importance following International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 6 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
J. G. Ray, N. Valsalakumar EXPERIMENTS WITH DIFFERENT RHIZOBIUM ISOLATES ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY IN GREEN GRAM

St. Berchmans College, India Beneficial roles of certain symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria such as Rhizobium on seed germination, growth, plant health, and yield of Green Gram are well known. Isolation of new strains of the bacteria from wild or other cultivated pulse species to inoculate legume crops has become an important strategy to improve the efficiency of Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. In order to find out a suitable Rhizobium strain to be applied along with Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in Green Gram, an experiment was carried out to examine the influence of six different isolates of the bacteria from widely different species of peas. Positive influences or effectiveness of these Rhizobium isolates on growth parameters and yield of Green Gram were examined in pot culture growth conditions. There were seven sets of pots including the control and six treatments, each set with eight replications each. Growth parameters such as root dry weight, shoot dry weight, total dry weight, total leaf area and total chlorophyll were analyzed at twenty day intervals till the final harvest on the sixtieth day. All the Rhizobium isolates tested were able to nodulate Green Gram, but the maximum positive influence on growth and yield of the crop was observed in treatment with a Rhizobium isolate from Phaseolus multiflorus, which was identified as the most suitable Rhizobium strain for Green Gram.
Tackling the jelly web: Trophic ecology of gelatinous zooplankton in oceanic food webs of the eastern tropical Atlantic assessed by stable isotope analysis

Gelatinous zooplankton can be present in high biomass and taxonomic diversity in planktonic oceanic food webs, yet the trophic structuring and importance of this “jelly web” remain incompletely understood. To address this knowledge gap, we provide a holistic trophic characterization of a jelly web in the eastern tropical Atlantic, based on δ13C and δ15N stable isotope analysis of a unique gelatinous zooplankton sample set. The jelly web covered most of the isotopic niche space of the entire planktonic oceanic food web, spanning > 3 trophic levels, ranging from herbivores (e.g., pyrosomes) to higher predators (e.g., ctenophores), highlighting the diverse functional roles and broad possible food web relevance of gelatinous zooplankton. Among gelatinous zooplankton taxa, comparisons of isotopic niches pointed to the presence of differentiation and resource partitioning, but also highlighted the potential for competition, e.g., between hydromedusae and siphonophores. Significant differences in spatial (seamount vs. open ocean) and depth‐resolved patterns (0–400 m vs. 400–1000 m) pointed to additional complexity, and raise questions about the extent of connectivity between locations and differential patterns in vertical coupling between gelatinous zooplankton groups. Added complexity also resulted from inconsistent patterns in trophic ontogenetic shifts among groups. We conclude that the broad trophic niche covered by the jelly web, patterns in niche differentiation within this web, and substantial complexity at the spatial, depth, and taxon level call for a more careful consideration of gelatinous zooplankton in oceanic food web models. In light of climate change and fishing pressure, the data presented here also provide a valuable baseline against which to measure future trophic observations of gelatinous zooplankton communities in the eastern tropical Atlantic.
Modelling Survival and Establishment of Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, in the Great Lakes Basin

V RÉSUMÉ . VI GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 1.0 BIOENERGETICS MODELLING OF POTENTIAL GROWTH AND CONSUMPTION BY GRASS CARP IN THE GREAT LAKES . 2 ABSTRACT . 2 INTRODUCTION . 2 METHODS . 3 The model . 3 Parameterization . 5 Simulation . 7 Sensitivity analysis . 8 RESULTS . 9 Model sensitivity . 14 DISCUSSION . 15 Uncertainties . 17 Interpretation . 18 CONCLUSION . 19 2.0 EVALUATING THE NET REPRODUCTIVE VALUE OF GRASS CARP IN THE GREAT LAKES FOR POTENTIAL ESTABLISHMENT . 19 INTRODUCTION . 19 METHODS . 20 Estimating the net reproductive value . 20 Parameter values . 22 Age of reproductive maturity . 23 Management Scenarios.24 Matrix population modeling . 25 RESULTS . 26 Estimating the net reproductive value . 26 Age of reproductive maturity . 26 Management scenarios . 27 Matrix population model . 28 DISCUSSION . 28 3.0 SIMULATION OF OVERWINTER SURVIVAL OF FIRST-YEAR GRASS CARP CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLA IN THE GREAT LAKES BASIN . 30 ABSTRACT . 30 INTRODUCTION . 30 METHODS . 32 RESULTS . 36
Analysis of Pastoralists’ Perception of and Response to Climate Variability in Malumfashi Local Government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria

The study examined the perception of pastoralists towards climate change and variability. Data were collected via structured questionnaire administered to 200 pastoralists randomly selected from twelve communities in the study area. Trend analysis of temporal changes in rainfall and temperature covering a period of eighteen years (2000 2018) was conducted and compared with pastoralists’ perception of climate variability. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the data obtained from the survey using a 5-point Likert Rating Scale. The results showed that 56% of the respondents perceived an increase in temperature and 46% observed a decrease in rainfall volume and a change in the timing of rains. Poor performance of animals and physical growth (24%) as well as reduction in forage yield (40%) were identified as major consequences of climate change. The pastoralists identified deforestation, overgrazing of farmlands and act of God as the causes of climate change. The pastoralists responded to these changes through increased nomadism, improvement of fodder production and preservation, boring of more wells and livelihoods diversification. Their local intelligence and indigenous knowledge also come to play in dealing with these environmental challenges. It is apparent that the pastoralists have a role to play on issues of climate change. Therefore, designing feasible adaptation programmes such as advanced pasture preservation practices, enhanced water harvesting development, monitoring, dissemination, and publishing of climate data periodically would enhance the adaptive capacity of pastoralists to the negative impact of climate change in the study area.
Mutual interference reduces offspring production in a brood‐guarding bethylid wasp

Parasitoids have the potential to suppress populations of their hosts and thus may play an important role in influencing the temporal and spatial dynamics of pest arthropods. Behavioural interactions between foraging females, collectively constituting ‘mutual interference’, can reduce host suppression. We use laboratory microcosms to assess the prevalence and consequences of mutual interference behaviour in a bethylid wasp, Goniozus nephantidis (Muesebeck) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), which is known to brood guard and to engage in agonistic contests for individual hosts and which is also an agent of biological pest control. We hold host and parasitoid numbers constant and vary the degree of female–female contact that can occur. Mutual interference is manifest in a considerable reduction in the number of offspring produced when females are not fully isolated from each other, due to effects operating at the early stages of offspring production. This mutual interference may contribute towards the limited degree of host population suppression achieved when some species of bethylids are deployed as agents of biological pest control and also has clear potential to influence the efficiency of mass rearing of parasitoids prior to field release.
Winter and spring survival of radio-tagged gray partridge in North Dakota

I studied survival of 100 radio-tagged gray partridge (Perdix perdix) in North Dakota from winter to the beginning of nesting during 1985-87. Radio transmitters appeared to cause significant mortality among captured partridge (34%) during the first week postrelease, after accounting for mortality expected from other sources. Survival of partridge living >7 days posttrapping (n=55) from early January to 1 May was 38%. The major source of mortality after the first week was raptor predation. A Cox's proportional hazards analysis revealed that body mass (P=0.003) and sex (P=0.04) were significantly related to probability of survival. Partridge weighing ≥400 g had higher survival (50%) than those weighing <400 g (20%). Females had greater survival (59%) than males (19%)
Young Children's Ability to Identify the Sources of Their Beliefs.

Young children's ability to understand which experiences led to a belief was investigated in 3 studies. Three-, 4-, and 5-year-olds learned about the contents of a toy tunnel in three different ways : they saw the contents, were told about them, or felt them. Immediately after each trial, children were asked to state what was in the tunnel and also how they knew about the contents of the tunnel.
Effects of different rates of manure application on methane emission and crop yield in aman rice

An experiment was set up to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer on CH4 emission and yield of Aman rice. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 6 treatments and 3 replications in the experimental field of Environmental Science at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to November, 2013. The six treatments were recommended doses of inorganic fertilizer (NPKS), compost @ 10 tha, 20 tha, 30 tha, 50 tha and control. Air samples were collected from the different plots treated by different rates of fertilizers by the modified closed-chamber method. Samples were analyzed to determine the concentration of CH4 gas by gas chromatograph equipped with a Flame Ionization Detector (FID) at Central Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University. CH4 emission is influenced by compost fertilizer application. The highest CH4 emission (1655.71kg haseason) and second highest CH4 emission (1260.29kg haseason) were found from higher rates of compost applications 50 tha and 30 tha,respectively. The lowest CH4 emission (789.12kg ha season) was found from control plot. Compost fertilizer application significantly affected the plant yield contributing parameters such as tillers and effective tillers hill, number of panicle, grain number panicle, grain yield ha, biological yield ha and harvest index percentages. The highest grain yield (5.8 tha) and biological yield (13.37 tha) were found from 20 tha. The highest tiller hill (16.31) and harvest index (43.94) were found from compost @ 50 tha (T6). The lowest effective tiller hill (10.07), panicle length (10.03 cm), grain yield (4.51 tha) and biological yield (11.58 tha) were found from control plot. From the result in respect of rice yield and methane emission, compost @ 20 tha (T4) was better than other treatment.
Application of Local Fractional Homotopy Perturbation Method in Physical Problems

Nonlinear phenomena have important effects on applied mathematics, physics, and issues related to engineering. Most physical phenomena are modeled according to partial differential equations. It is difficult for nonlinear models to obtain the closed form of the solution, and in many cases, only an approximation of the real solution can be obtained. The perturbation method is a wave equation solution using HPM compared with the Fourier series method, and both methods results are good agreement. The percentage of error of uðx, tÞ with α = 1 and 0:33, t=0.1 sec, between the present research and Yong-Ju Yang study for x ≥ 0:6 is less than 10. Also, the % error for x ≥ 0:5 in α = 1 and 0:33, t=0.3 sec, is less than 5, whereas for α = 1 and 0:33, t=0.8 and 0.7 sec, the % error for x ≥ 0:4 is less than 8.
Explaining Sudden Incumbent losses: Evidence from Ghana’s Election

Original Research Article Since the emergence of constitutional governance in the fourth Republic, Ghana has undergone several elections successfully with peaceful political turnovers. Each sitting president for the past years has served two successful terms of office. However, in the 2016 general election, the incumbent president suffered a huge defeat to the main opposition party in an attempt to seek for reelection. The results through the use of expert interview and content analysis showed that poor performance of the incumbent government especially with regards to economic issues may be the main reasons for the outcome whiles ethnicity played little roles in relative terms.
Not only size matters: limits to the Law of Three Consonants in French phonology

Grammont’s (1914) influential Law of Three Consonants (LTC) states that French schwa is obligatorily pronounced in any CC_C sequence to avoid three-consonant clusters. Later works have shown that schwa presence is also sensitive to the nature of the consonants involved, at least at the word and phrase levels. However the LTC is still generally considered as accurate under its original formulation to describe schwa-zero alternations at the stem level. The goal of the paper is to test whether the LTC should be relaxed even in this context. The paper presents two studies using judgment data to compare the behavior of schwa in derived words (stem-level phonology) and in inflected words (word-level phonology). The results of the two studies show that the nature of consonants involved in the CC_C sequence plays a role at both stem and word levels. Moreover, the same phonotactic asymmetries among consonant clusters are found in both contexts. The data therefore support a weaker version of the stem-level vs. word-level divide than what is usually assumed for French. This conclusion is strengthened by the results of a modeling study showing that a constraint-based grammar with the same phonotactic constraints across stem- and word-level phonologies provides a better fit to the judgment data from Study 1 and Study 2 than a grammar with different phononotactic constraints in the two morphosyntactic domains. The paper also replicates a number of earlier findings on the role of morphosyntactic domains, clash avoidance, and dialectal variation in schwa-zero alternations.
Perceived Benefits and Barriers to Participation in Exercise among Jordanian University Students

Insufficient physical activity is a risk factor for many non-communicable diseases, therefore; the purpose of this study is to examine university students’ perceived exercise benefits and barriers. This cross-sectional descriptive study used Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale to examine perceived benefits and barriers to exercise among a convenience sample of 517 university students in Jordan. Participants reported significantly higher perceived barriers to exercise than perceived benefits from exercise. The most important perceived barrier to exercise was “I am too embarrassed to exercise”. Moreover, “I will live longer if I exercise” and “exercising increases being accepted by others” were the most important perceived benefits from exercise. Students’ age was negatively correlated with perceived barriers to exercise. Unemployed students perceived more benefits from exercise than employed students. Physical activity promotion programs should assist university students to overcome perceived barriers, and further highlight the health benefits of exercise. Abstract
Demonstration of Nutrifarms for Year Round Nutrition Security among Farm Families

Household gardening is an age-old practice to supply a diverse range of fruit and vegetables to the home, but its potential has yet to be fully exploited. Targeted interventions to optimize household garden production and consumption practices show great potential to reduce malnutrition. Household gardening, emphasizes synergistic components of gardening, nutrition and health. For poor people, household garden produce can make a critical contribution to the household diet and provide several other benefits, particularly for women. Questions increasingly are being raised about agriculture‟s contribution to nutrition and health. The experiences of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bagalkot shows that a small garden, if managed well, can produce enough vegetables, and the micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) contained therein, to nourish a family of four year-round. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 6 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com