Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Readiness to quit smoking among smokers in substance use treatment: associations with stress, substance use severity, relapse concerns and gender

ABSTRACT Smoking prevalence among individuals in substance use treatment remains higher than in the general population. Given that many smokers in substance use treatment are reluctant to quit smoking, it is important to understand the factors that impede smokers’ readiness to quit. The current study used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial involving 60 adult smokers receiving substance use treatment to investigate relations between the severity of substance use problems (SSUP), perceived stress (PS), concerns about relapse (i.e., concerns that quitting smoking would hurt one’s recovery process (CR)), and readiness to quit smoking. This study also investigated moderating roles of concerns about relapse and gender. Regression analyses showed a significant main effect of concerns about relapse on readiness to quit in the next 30 days, but no effect for either severity of substance use problems, perceived stress, or the SSUPxCR interaction. There were significant interaction effects between PS and both gender and CR. Among men and those with lower concerns about relapse, higher perceived stress was significantly associated with lower readiness to quit. Findings suggest that psychoeducation to alleviate concerns that quitting smoking could limit substance use recovery could be beneficial. Stress management interventions may be especially beneficial to men.
Comparing Electron Precipitation Fluxes Calculated From Pitch Angle Diffusion Coefficients to LEO Satellite Observations

Particle precipitation is a loss mechanism from the radiation belts whereby particles trapped by the Earth's magnetic field are scattered into the loss cone due to wave‐particle interactions. Energetic electron precipitation creates ozone destroying chemicals which can affect the temperatures of the polar regions, therefore it is crucial to accurately quantify this impact on the Earth's atmosphere. We use bounce‐averaged pitch angle diffusion coefficients for whistler mode chorus waves, plasmaspheric hiss and atmospheric collisions to calculate magnetic local time (MLT) dependent electron precipitation inside the field of view of the Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites (POES) T0 detector, between 26–30 March 2013. These diffusion coefficients are used in the BAS Radiation Belt Model (BAS‐RBM) and this paper is a first step toward testing the loss in this model via comparison with real world data. We find the best agreement between the calculated and measured T0 precipitation at L* > 5 on the dawnside for the >30 keV electron channel, consistent with precipitation driven by lower band chorus. Additional diffusion is required to explain the flux at higher energies and on the dusk side. The POES T0 detector underestimates electron precipitation as its field of view does not measure the entire loss cone. We demonstrate the potential for utilizing diffusion coefficients to reconstruct precipitating flux over the entire loss cone. Our results show that the total precipitation can exceed that measured by the POES >30 keV electron channel by a factor that typically varies from 1 to 10 for L* = 6, 6.5, and 7.
High Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Serious Renal Insufficiency in Patients with Lupus Nephritis.

BACKGROUND Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most serious complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a promising predictor and prognostic factor. An increased NLR is associated with a poor prognosis of several inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the value of NLR in the diagnosis and pre-assessment of the disease severity of LN. METHODS This retrospective study included 88 patients with LN, 51 SLE patients without kidney involvement, 79 patients with primary chronic nephritis (CN), and 52 healthy controls (HC). The differences among these four groups and diagnostic value of NLR for patients with LN were evaluated. RESULTS The NLR of patients with LN before treatment was significantly higher than that of the other three groups. NLR positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP), complement 3(C3), C4, and serum creatinine (SCr) (CRP: r=0.337, p=0.007; C3: r=0.222, p=0.042; C4: r=0.230, p=0.035; SCr: r=0.408, p<0.0001) but negatively correlated with total serum IgG (r=-0.226, p=0.041). The level of NLR increased with the severity of renal dysfunction NLR (area under the curve: 0.785, 95% CI: 0.708-0.862) was useful for the diagnosis of LN, and its optimal cut-off value was 5.44 (sensitivity: 65.9%, specificity: 86.3%). CONCLUSIONS NLR would be useful for the diagnosis of LN and reflects the severity of renal dysfunction Therefore, evaluating NLR before treatment could help clinicians to identify potential renal involvement in patients with SLE and distinguish LN from CN.
Competitors' envy, gamers' pride: An exploration of gamers' divergent behavior

Cheating in games has existed since the beginning of video games. The landscape of gaming and cheating has changed profoundly with its migration to the online environment. This study aims to investigate the unethical behavioral intention of online gamers. The Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Comparison Theory is used to develop a comprehensive framework to understand gamers' cheating intention. This study employs a quantitative approach to collect data from 404 gamers using a random sampling technique. Results show that attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, hedonic motivation, and benign envy influences gamers' online cheating intention. Online cheating intention was found to influence online cheating behavior positively. Looking at the moderating effect of ethical judgment, this study revealed that ethical judgment dampens the positive relationship between attitude, benign envy, and perceived behavioral control on gamers' online cheating intention. This study is the first to explore the impact of different types of envy on divergent gaming behavior. It contributes to the literature by generating insights into an under‐researched area of divergent online gaming behavior.
Artificial Intelligence-Aided Minimum Reactive Power Control for the DAB Converter Based on Harmonic Analysis Method

With the aim of reducing the reactive power for the dual-active-bridge (DAB) converter, this letter proposes an artificial intelligence (AI) aided minimum reactive power control scheme based on the harmonic analysis method. Specifically, as an advanced algorithm of the deep reinforcement learning (DRL), the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) is used to train an agent off-line. During the training of DDPG algorithm, the three-phase-shift (TPS) modulation is adopted and the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) constraints are considered. Thus, the trained agent of the DDPG which likes an implicit function, can provide optimal control strategies for the DAB converter in real-time with the minimum reactive power and soft switching performance in the continuous operation range. Finally, experimental results validate the feasibility and correctness of the proposed AI based optimized method.
Influence of polymorphisms in the vascular endothelial growth factor gene on allograft rejection after kidney transplantation: a meta-analysis

Background: Reported associations of allograft rejection in kidney transplant patients with VEGF single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been inconsistent between studies, which prompted a meta-analysis to obtain more precise estimates. Methods: Using the PICO elements, kidney transplant patients (P) were compared by genotype data between rejectors (I) and non-rejectors (C) in order to determine the risk of allograft rejection (O) attributed to the VEGF SNPs. Literature search of four databases yielded seven articles. To calculate risks for allograft rejection, four SNPs were examined. Using the allele-genotype model we compared the variant ( var) with the wild-type ( wt) and heterozygous ( var- wt) alleles. Meta-analysis treatments included outlier and subgroup analyses, the latter was based on ethnicity (Indians/Caucasians) and rejection type (acute/chronic). Multiple comparisons were corrected with the Bonferroni test. Results: Five highly significant outcomes (P a < 0.01) survived Bonferroni correction, one of which showed reduced risk for the var allele (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45-0.82). The remaining four indicated increased risk for the wt allele where the chronic rejection (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.36-3.24) and Indian (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.13-1.84) subgroups were accorded susceptibility status. Conclusions: Risk associations for renal allograft rejection were increased and reduced on account of the wt and var alleles, respectively. These findings could render the VEGF polymorphisms useful in the clinical genetics of kidney transplantation.
Rhodobacter ruber sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater pond

Strain CCP-1T, isolated from a freshwater pond in Taiwan, is characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain CCP-1T are Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and form dark red colored colonies. Growth occurs at 20–40 oC, at pH 6.5-9 and with 0-0.5% NaCl. Strain CCP-1T contains bacteriochlorophyll a, and shows optimum growth under anaerobic condition by photoheterotrophy, but not by photoautotrophy. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicates that strain CCP-1T is closely related to species within the genus Rhodobacter (93.9–96.2% sequence similarity), Haematobacter (96.3%) and Xinfangfangia (95.5–96.2%). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and based on up-to-date bacterial core gene set (92 protein clusters) reveal that strain CCP-1T is affiliated with species in the genus Rhodobacter. The average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization identity between strain CCP-1T and Rhodobacter species are 71.3–76.3%, 70.4–77.9% and 21.4–23.2%, respectively, supporting that strain CCP-1T is a novel species of the genus Rhodobacter. The DNA G + C content is 66.2%. The predominant fatty acid is C18:1ω7c and the major isoprenoid quinone is Q-10. The polar lipids have phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, two uncharacterized aminophospholipids and two uncharacterized phospholipids. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic properties and phylogenetic inference, strain CCP-1T should represent a novel species of the genus Rhodobacter, for which the name Rhodobacter ruber sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCP-1T (= BCRC 81189T = LMG 31335T).
The unrealized potential of community science to support research on the resilience of protected areas

To remain effective into the future, protected areas must be resilient to change. Evaluating the resilience of protected areas requires data across large spatial and temporal scales, which has proven to be a strength of community science in conservation research. Here, we assess the contributions of community science to different topics of protected area research and identify gaps where community science can be used more effectively. We performed a literature search aimed at capturing the research on resilient protected area design and management, then used Latent Dirichlet Allocation to model the topics represented in this corpus. Once topics were established, we searched for evidence of community science being used in each publication. Our analysis showed that there are five main areas of focus in resilient protected area research: biodiversity, climate change, connectivity, resources and ecosystem services, and social governance. We found limited evidence in the literature of community science directly assisting research in these areas. Community science has proven effective for extensive and cost‐effective data collection in other situations; therefore, we recommend ways in which conservation managers and researchers can incorporate community science in the design and management of resilient protected areas.
Microplastic evacuation in fish is particle size‐dependent

1. The pollution of aquatic systems with microplastics (MPs) affects marine and freshwater fish species worldwide. However, little is known about the size-dependent retention time of these inert particles. To approach this question, the retention time of MP particles was examined in two freshwater fish species with distinct differences in gastrointestinal morphology: rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) with a true stomach, and stomachless common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ). 2. A special diet was developed that contained environmentally relevant concentrations of MPs with sizes ranging from 20 to 1,000 µ m. The two species were exposed to three different concentrations and numbers of retained particle were determined up to 72 hr after administration. 3. The results revealed significant differences in retention time between large and small MP particles in
What makes a child musical? conceptions of musical ability in childhood

ABSTRACT Tests of musical ability in children have relied on diverse conceptions of what musical abilities are. Recent investigations suggest that such conceptions can be seen as socially constructed and differ between cultures, sub-groups, and individuals. Based on a previous study on conceptions of adult musical ability, we designed a questionnaire targeting musical behaviours of 3–6-year-old children. 922 German adults who regularly spend time with children assessed how often a musical child would show these behaviours. Principal component analysis revealed four components of childhood musical ability: musical communication, enthusiasm and motivation, analytical understanding of music, and musical abilities in a narrow sense. The importance assigned to the components differed depending on musical expertise: Participants with higher expertise rated analytical music skills as significantly less important. Results suggest that ecologically valid tests of musical ability in childhood should cover a wide range of skills and observable behaviours.
Marketers Project Their Personal Preferences onto Consumers: Overcoming the Threat of Egocentric Decision Making

This research explores how marketers can avoid the so-called “false consensus effect”—the egocentric tendency to project personal preferences onto consumers. Two pilot studies show that most marketers have a surprisingly strong lay intuition about the existence of this inference bias, admit that they are frequently affected by it, and try to avoid it when predicting consumer preferences. Moreover, the pilot studies indicate that most marketers use a very natural and straightforward approach to avoid the false consensus effect in practice, that is, they simply try to “suppress” (i.e., ignore) their personal preferences when predicting consumer preferences. Ironically, four subsequent studies show that this frequently used tactic can backfire and increase marketers’ susceptibility to the false consensus effect. Specifically, the results suggest that these backfire effects are most likely to occur for marketers with a low level of preference certainty. In contrast, the results imply that preference suppression does not backfire but instead decreases the false consensus effect for marketers with a high level of preference certainty. Finally, the studies explore the mechanism behind these results and show how marketers can ultimately avoid the false consensus effect—regardless of their level of preference certainty and without risking backfire effects.
Delineation of Dew Formation Zones in Iran Using Long-Term Model
Simulations and Cluster Analysis

Abstract. Dew is a non-conventional source of water that has been gaining interest over the last two decades, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. In this study, we performed a long-term (1979–2018) energy balance model simulation to estimate dew formation potential in Iran aiming to identify dew formation zones and to investigate the impacts of long-term variation in meteorological parameters on dew formation. The annual average of dew occurrence in Iran was ~ 102 days, with the lowest number of dewy days in summer (~ 7 days) and highest in winter (~ 45 days). The average daily dew yield was in the range of 0.03–0.14 L/m2 and the maximum was in the range of 0.29–0.52 L/m2. Six dew formation zones were identified based on cluster analysis of the timeseries of the simulated dew yield. The distribution of dew formation zones in Iran was closely aligned with topography and sources of moisture. Therefore, the coastal zones in the north and south of Iran (i.e., Caspian Sea and Oman Sea), showed the highest dew formation potential with 53 and 34 L/m2/year, whereas the dry interior regions (i.e., central Iran and the Lut Desert), with the average of 12–18 L/m2/year had the lowest potential for dew formation. Trend analysis results revealed a significance (p
Effects of Radiant Heat and Frictional Abrasion on Thermal Protective Performance of Clothing Against High Pressurized Steam

This study focused on changes in protective performance of steam protective clothing after exposure to conditions such as thermal radiation and frictional abrasion. Totally eight radiation conditions varying on exposure duration and times, four types of abrasion scenarios with different friction cycles and three different combined treatments were designed. Results demonstrated that any increase in radiant exposure duration or exposure times would lead to an initial increase and then a following decrease in the steam protective performance. However, the steam protective performance seemed relatively immune to the friction cycles. When thermal radiation and frictional abrasion acted together, interactions between them existed and their specific interaction highly depended on the distribution of heat exposure duration and friction cycles. Findings of this study provided insight into factors influencing steam protective performance, and could be an aid in developing high performance materials or guidelines for use and maintenance of protective clothing.
Engineering Poly(lactide)–Lignin Nanofibers with Antioxidant Activity for Biomedical Application

Biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA)–lignin composites are considered to be promising renewable plastic materials toward a sustainable world. The addition of lignin to PLA may assist to combat the oxidative stress induced by PLA as biomaterials. In this study, PLA–lignin copolymers with various contents of alkylated lignin (10–50%) were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. The molecular weight of such copolymers ranged from 28 to 75 kDa, while the PLA chain length varied from 5 to 38. These PLA–lignin copolymers were further blended with poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and fabricated into nanofibrous composites by electrospinning. The PLLA/PLA–lignin nanofibers displayed uniform and bead-free nanostructures with fiber diameter of 350–500 nm, indicating the miscibility of PLLA and lignin copolymers in nanoscale. Unlike bulk materials, incorporation of PLA–lignin copolymers did not enhance the mechanical properties of the nanofibrous composites. Antioxidant assay showed that the lignin copolymers and PLLA/PL.
Aeration performance of weirs

The concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the waters of rivers and streams is very important to the quality and existence of aquatic life. Hydraulic structures increase the amount of DO in a river system, even though the water is in contact with the structure for only a short period of time. The same quantity of oxygen transfer that normally would occur over several kilometres in a rivet can occur at a single hydraulic structure. The primary reason for this accelerated oxygen transfer is that air is entrained into the flow in the form of a large number of air bubbles which greatly increase the surface area available for mass transfer. Plunging overfall nappes from weirs are a particular instance of this, and the aeration properties of such structures have been studied widely in the laboratory and field over a number of years. This paper looks at the aeration performance of weirs having different cross-sectional geometry. It is demonstrated that the aeration efficiency of the triangular notch weir generally is better than for the other weirs.
Adoption of AI-empowered industrial robots in auto component manufacturing companies

Abstract The usage of AI-empowered Industrial Robots (InRos) is booming in the Auto Component Manufacturing Companies (ACMCs) across the globe. Based on a model leveraging the Technology, Organisation, and Environment (TOE) framework, this work examines the adoption of InRos in ACMCs in the context of an emerging economy. This research scrutinises the adoption intention and potential use of InRos in ACMCs through a survey of 460 senior managers and owners of ACMCs in India. The findings indicate that perceived compatibility, external pressure, perceived benefits and support from vendors are critical predictors of InRos adoption intention. Interestingly, the study also reveals that IT infrastructure and government support do not influence InRos adoption intention. Furthermore, the analysis suggests that perceived cost issues negatively moderate the relationship between the adoption intention and potential use of InRos in ACMCs. This study offers a theoretical contribution as it deploys the traditional TOE framework and discovers counter-intuitively that IT resources are not a major driver of technology adoption: as such, it suggests that a more comprehensive framework than the traditional RBV should be adopted. The work provides managerial recommendations for managers, shedding light on the antecedents of adoption intention and potential use of InRos at ACMCs in a country where the adoption of InRos is in a nascent stage.
COPING WITH TEST SITUATIONS AND EXAM PERFORMANCE AMONG STUDENTS

This study examined whether there were statistically significant differences in the level of expression of certain stress coping strategies during exam-taking among students. What was also tested was the correlation of coping strategies with the satisfaction with one’s performance on the written exam, and also whether certain exam coping strategies and satisfaction with one’s performance could be statistically significant predictors of the grade students obtained on the exam. The sample included 111 students (28 male and 83 female) attending the second year of the Pedagogical Faculty in Vranje. Before the written exam, the students completed the α scale from the KON6 test battery, which served as a measure of anxiety. The main idea in applying this scale was to assess whether students appraised the upcoming exam as a source of stress. Immediately after they finished the exam, they were given the Coping with test situation scale. In the end, the students were asked to rate how satisfied they were with their performance on the previously completed written exam. The results of ANOVA with repeated measures have shown that there was a statistically significant difference regarding the level of expression of certain stress coping strategies during the exam, where the most prominent was the problem-focused one. Satisfaction with one’s performance on exam was in the statistically significant negative correlation with emotion-focused and imagination/distraction coping strategies. Statistically significant predictors of students’ grades proved to be the satisfaction with their own test performance and imagination/distraction coping strategy. Although the results indicated that the problem-focused coping strategy is the most prominent one, the imagination/distraction coping strategy is the one that had the most influential negative impact on the exam performance.