Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PATTERN AND DETERMINANTS OF PUERPERAL PYREXIA AMONG POSTNATAL WOMEN AT THE ALEX EKWUEME FEDERAL UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, ABAKALIKI, SOUTHEAST, NIGERIA

Background: Puerperal pyrexia is generally accepted among clinicians as a sign of infection that must be determined and managed to prevent adverse sequelae associated with underlying cause. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, pattern, predisposing factors and aetiologic agents of puerperal pyrexia at the Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Southeast, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study of all cases of women that had puerperal pyrexia at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki over a 4-year period. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Results: During the study period, there were 203 cases of puerperal pyrexia and 12,902 deliveries. The incidence of puerperal pyrexia was 15.7 cases per 1000 deliveries. Most of the women 82(40.4%) were aged between 2732 years, grandmultipara (43.8%) and unbooked (69.5%). Common risk factors included prolonged rupture of membranes (78.3%), prolonged labour (71.9%) and caesarean section (55.7%). Surgical wound infection was the commonest cause(39.9%) of puerperal pyrexia. The commonest complication of puerperal infection is septicaemia (43.4%). Maternal death attributable to postpartum infection was 3.9%. Conclusion: Puerperal pyrexia is a preventable and treatable condition, however, timely recognition and early treatment of underlying cause is important in other to avert maternal morbidity and mortality associated with it. Adoption of universal aseptic technique in the care of patients will reduce the incidence of wound infection.
Asymptotic Reverse Waterfilling Algorithm of NRDF for Certain Classes of Vector Gauss–Markov Processes

The existence of an optimal reverse-waterfilling algorithm to compute the nonanticipative rate distortion function (NRDF) for time-invariant vector-valued Gauss–Markov processes with a mean-squared-error distortion has been an open question since the pioneering work of Tatikonda et al. on stochastic linear control over a communication channel, in 2004. In this article, we derive strong structural properties on the time-invariant multidimensional Gauss–Markov processes that allow for an optimization problem that can be computed optimally via a reverse-waterfilling algorithm. Moreover, we propose an elegant optimal iterative scheme that computes this reverse-waterfilling algorithm. We show that the specific scheme operates much faster than any existing algorithmic approach that solves the same problem optimally and is also scalable. Finally, using our new results, we derive for the first time a nontrivial analytical solution of the asymptotic NRDF using a correlated time-invariant 2-D Gauss–Markov process.
Growth Performance Characteristics of Holstein Friesian Calves Fed

The study was conducted to determine the effects of feeding by early or late bloom cut hay from meadows on the growth performance of female Holstein Friesian calves. For this purpose, a total of 12 female Holstein Friesian calves at 8-10 months of ages were fed for 129 days. The cutting time of the meadow hay had significant (P<0.01) influence on the growth performance and feed efficiency ratio parameters in favour of the early cutting practice. Total weight gain of the calves fed early cut hay was 17.5 kg greater than that of calves given late cut hay. The amount of early cut hay consumed per kg weight gain was 1.725 kg lower than that of late cut fed per kg weight gain. It was concluded that the early bloom cutting stage for meadow hay production could be suggested for providing better growth performance and feed efficiency ratio of female Holstein Friesian calves raised in the Region of Eastern Anatolia.
A rationale for the use of aspartame as a sugar substitute in the possible reduction of dental caries

According to the epidemiological model, dental caries (dental decay) results from the interaction between three primary factors (tooth, bacteria, and substrate), and secondary factors (saliva, oral hygiene, and diet ) . The experimental evidence in support of oral bacteria and a suitable local substrate as prerequisites for dental caries is overwhelming. Although there is discrepancy as to how and which microorganisms produce carious lesions , it is generally accepted that caries cannot occur without bacteria. Consequently, dental decay have been demonstrated to be a transmissible and infectious disease caused by oral bacteria. The evidence incriminating the fermentable carbohydratessimple sugarsas the most important caries-promoting component of food have accumulated from the results of epidemiological studies and animal research making possible the understanding of the relationship between sucrose consumption and its cariogenicity. Oral microorganisms are able to metabolite most dietary sugars and fermentable carbohydrates to produce organic acids in sufficient concentrations as to initiate the process of tooth demineralization. Evidence suggest that although all common sugars are cariogenic, sucrose can, in some conditions, be more so than other sugars. In spite of the essential role of sucrose in foods, the search for sugar substitutes was initiated long time ago. Initially as a response to the needs of diabetic patients, alternative sweeteners now serve many purposes. Dental research have indicated that sucrose substitution in a variety of foods ingested in modern society would be effective in reducing dental decay. This report describes the rationale for the use of aspartame, an intense sweetener, in the prevention of tooth decay. The conclusions of this report indicate that aspartame does not promote tooth decay; however, most of the data available on its non-cariogenic properties are based on "in vitro' experiments, and the results are conflicting at times. Although complete replacement of sucrose by aspartame is unlikely to occur due to its limited chemical and physical properties, the use of aspartame in certain food products may contribute to promote dental health by reducing the consumption of more cariogenic sugars. In addition, aspartame provides the consumer with alternatives to sucrose. Further clinical studies on the non-cariogenic properties of aspartame, as well as potential applications of this intense sweetener in food products, are to be
Enolase 1 differentially contributes to cell transformation in lung cancer but not in esophageal cancer

Enolase transforms 2-phospho-D-glycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate during glycolysis. The human enolase (ENO) family comprises three members named ENO3, which is restricted to muscle tissues, ENO2, which is neuron- and neuroendocrine tissue-specific, and ENO1, which is expressed in almost all tissues. ENO1 is involved in various types of human cancer, including retinoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma and gastric cancer. Furthermore, ENO1 enhances cell transformation in numerous cancer cell lines. It has been reported that ENO1 is involved in various activities that are detrimental to cell transformation, including apoptosis and differentiation. However, a few studies demonstrated that ENO1 can be down- or upregulated in various types of lung cancer, which suggests that ENO1 has an ambiguous role in the development of lung cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the differential influences of ENO1 on various types of cancer, and to clarify the role of ENO1 in lung cancer in particular. Western blotting was performed to assess ENO1 protein expression levels in lung cancer and esophageal cancer tissues. Furthermore, exogenous ENO1 was overexpressed in cell lines derived from various tissues and single cell proliferation, flowcytometric analysis, and western blotting were performed to determine the cell proliferation rate, cell transformation status, cell cycle progression and the expression of cell cycle regulators, such as cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and survival factors, such as MAPK and AKT. The results demonstrated that ENO1 was upregulated in collected panels of lung cancer tissues, but not in esophageal cancer tissues. In addition, overexpression of ectopic ENO1 promoted cell proliferation and survival in lung cancer cell lines, which was not the case in other cells, including an esophageal cell line. Furthermore, mechanistic analyses revealed that ENO1 enhanced cell proliferation by accelerating G1 progression and upregulating G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), and improved cell survival by upregulating p38 in the MAPK cascade and increasing p-AKT in the AKT cascade, in particular in lung cancer cell lines. Overall, the results from the present study demonstrated that ENO1 may contribute to the development of lung cancers, but not esophageal cancers.
The comparison between the socio-demographic characteristics and the problematic internet use between gamblers and non-gamblers among university students (eng)

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences between the socio-demographic characteristics and the problematic internet use (PIU), and between problem and pathologic gamblers (PPG) and non-problem gamblers (NPG). Method: The study was administered to 299 Near East University psychology students in April-May 2015. The questionnaire includes a sociodemographic form, South Oaks Gambling Screening Scale (SOGS) and Problematic Internet Usage Scale (PIUS). Descriptive, chi-square, t-test and Pearson correlation statistical methods were used. Results: According to the study more than half of the PPG participated in gambling on the Internet. Moreover, men tended to gamble more than women. It is also found that single and high income level participants are gambling more frequently. Students attending university for more than 5 years were found to have more PPG. However, this study shows that problem and pathological gambling is seen more prevalent among students who have high income level. In this study, it is illustrated that the highest frequency of gambling occurs at casinos (77.7%), which is followed closely by betting offices (70.8%). It is also observed that gambling on games such as horseracing and dog-racing were seen higher in people with PPG. Discussion: PIU has been seen as one of the leading causes of PPG. These studies showed that university students who had PIU were more prone to PPG problems. In order to prevent the inter-related problems of PPG and PIU, effective public health policies, awareness and consciousness programs are needed.
National autonomy or transnational solidarity ? The use of 5 multiple geographic frames to politicize EU trade policy during 6 the GATS and TTIP negotiations 7

14 The article contributes to our understanding of how trade is politicized and how activists manage the tensions between 15 multiple collective action frames in a complex political context. When viewed alongside the Brexit referendum and 16 Trump’s US Presidency, it is easy to see the 2013-2016 campaign against a European Union-US Transatlantic Trade and 17 Investment Partnership as a further example of an apparently growing populist ‘nationalism’. Yet, in the European 18 context – where campaigning was most visible – there was in fact extensive reliance on, and re-iteration of, a 19 transnational ‘European’ frame, with antecedents in the 1999-2006 campaign against General Agreement on Trade in 20 Services negotiations. As the article argues, transnational campaigning operates within a nexus of multiple, and 21 sometimes conflicting, geographic frames. In both campaigns discussed here, activists typically engaged with the wider 22 public via the national context and, sometimes, with allusions to ‘national autonomy’. However, their activism was 23 dependent upon a frame espousing ‘transnational solidarity’. Developed over time, this structured their transnational 24 relations with other groups and more full-time activists. 25
Slash Helps Protect Seedlings From Deer Browsing

FORESTERS and landowners in the northern and eastern states are vitally concerned with the destructive browsing of forest r egenera. tion by large numbers of whitetailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus). Attempts to prevent overpopulations of deer have been made through legislatiYe and administrative measures with varying success, but more direct methods of reducing or eliminating browsing damage are also being sought. Many foresters concerned with the deer problem have noticed that hardwood slash often seems to protect some seedlings enough so they can grow up out of reach of deer, whereas outside the slash, welldeveloped seedlings may be scarce or absent. In 1923 Pearson (6) noted that '' brush tends to discourage g razing '' ( of domestic livestock ) . Clepper ( 2) observed in 1936 that loppings had been used successfully to protect planted seedlings from deer in Pennsylvania. Little and Somes (5) found that pitch pine reproduction in the slash of a cutover area in southern New Jersey suffered less damage from deer browsing than reproduction m slash-free spots. On the basis of observations such as these, the Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters has discontinued its requirem ent for lopping of tops in state forest timber sales, except along certain roads. To obtain more precise information as to whether or not slash protects seedlings from deer browsing-and if it does, to what extent-the Northeastern Forest Experiment Station made a study in
Volleyball Technopaths in Senegal ( About 69 lesions collected from 63 players )

Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology DANTEC Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal *Corresponding Author: Badara Dembélé, Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology DANTEC Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Received date: January 24, 2020; Accepted date: January 31, 2020; Published date: February 10, 2020. Citation: Dembélé. B. , Mayaki A.H. , Daffé M. , Diouf. A.B. , Dia. R. , Sarr L. et al, (2020) Volleyball Technopaths in Senegal . J. Orthopaedics and Surgical Sports Medicine, 3(1): Doi: 10.31579/2641-0427/023 Copyright: © 2020 Dembélé. B, This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of The Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
A retrospective study of the clinical, histopathological, and direct immunofluorescence spectrum of immunobullous disorders

Context Immunobullous disorders are a heterogenous group of dermatoses with a variety of frequently changing manifestations. They have remarkable impact on the patients and their family, and have severe economic consequences. The diseases have been the subject of intensive investigation in recent years. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical spectrum of immunobullous disorders and to analyze the correlation between clinical, histopathological, and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) diagnosis in immunobullous disorders of the skin. Patients and methods This cross-sectional, descriptive, chart-based, retrospective study was conducted on 91 clinically suspected immunobullous disorder patients who attended the Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, between 1 January 2015 and 31 October 2016. Results In 91 cases of suspected immunobullous disorders (50 male and 41 female), bullous pemphigoid was the most common condition (46.15%), followed by pemphigus vulgaris (18.68%) and pemphigus foliaceus (10.98%). Of the 91 patients, histopathological diagnosis was positive in 67 (73.62%) patients and DIF was confirmatory in 55 (60.44%) patients. Conclusion We recommend that clinical, histopathological, and DIF features be taken into consideration to arrive at final diagnosis in immunobullous disorders, as these methods may not be diagnostic individually in each and every case.
Abstractive Summarization with Combination of Pre-trained Sequence-to-Sequence and Saliency Models

Pre-trained sequence-to-sequence (seq-to-seq) models have significantly improved the accuracy of several language generation tasks, including abstractive summarization. Although the fluency of abstractive summarization has been greatly improved by fine-tuning these models, it is not clear whether they can also identify the important parts of the source text to be included in the summary. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of combining saliency models that identify the important parts of the source text with the pre-trained seq-to-seq models through extensive experiments. We also proposed a new combination model consisting of a saliency model that extracts a token sequence from a source text and a seq-to-seq model that takes the sequence as an additional input text. Experimental results showed that most of the combination models outperformed a simple fine-tuned seq-to-seq model on both the CNN/DM and XSum datasets even if the seq-to-seq model is pre-trained on large-scale corpora. Moreover, for the CNN/DM dataset, the proposed combination model exceeded the previous best-performed model by 1.33 points on ROUGE-L.
Policy Teaching via Environment Poisoning: Training-time Adversarial Attacks against Reinforcement Learning

We study a security threat to reinforcement learning where an attacker poisons the learning environment to force the agent into executing a target policy chosen by the attacker. As a victim, we consider RL agents whose objective is to find a policy that maximizes average reward in undiscounted infinite-horizon problem settings. The attacker can manipulate the rewards or the transition dynamics in the learning environment at training-time and is interested in doing so in a stealthy manner. We propose an optimization framework for finding an \emph{optimal stealthy attack} for different measures of attack cost. We provide sufficient technical conditions under which the attack is feasible and provide lower/upper bounds on the attack cost. We instantiate our attacks in two settings: (i) an \emph{offline} setting where the agent is doing planning in the poisoned environment, and (ii) an \emph{online} setting where the agent is learning a policy using a regret-minimization framework with poisoned feedback. Our results show that the attacker can easily succeed in teaching any target policy to the victim under mild conditions and highlight a significant security threat to reinforcement learning agents in practice.
Large, Tunable Valley Splitting and Single-Spin Relaxation Mechanisms in a 
Si
/
Six
Ge1−x
 Quantum Dot

Valley splitting is a key figure of silicon-based spin qubits. Quantum dots in Si/SiGe heterostructures reportedly suffer from a relatively low valley splitting, limiting the operation temperature and the scalability of such qubit devices. Here, we demonstrate a robust and large valley splitting exceeding 200 $\mu$eV in a gate-defined single quantum dot, hosted in molecular-beam epitaxy-grown $^{28}$Si/SiGe. The valley splitting is monotonically and reproducibly tunable up to 15 % by gate voltages, originating from a 6 nm lateral displacement of the quantum dot. We observe static spin relaxation times $T_1>1$ s at low magnetic fields in our device containing an integrated nanomagnet. At higher magnetic fields, $T_1$ is limited by the valley hotspot and by phonon noise coupling to intrinsic and artificial spin-orbit coupling, including phonon bottlenecking.
ClusterVO: Clustering Moving Instances and Estimating Visual Odometry for Self and Surroundings

We present ClusterVO, a stereo Visual Odometry which simultaneously clusters and estimates the motion of both ego and surrounding rigid clusters/objects. Unlike previous solutions relying on batch input or imposing priors on scene structure or dynamic object models, ClusterVO is online, general and thus can be used in various scenarios including indoor scene understanding and autonomous driving. At the core of our system lies a multi-level probabilistic association mechanism and a heterogeneous Conditional Random Field (CRF) clustering approach combining semantic, spatial and motion information to jointly infer cluster segmentations online for every frame. The poses of camera and dynamic objects are instantly solved through a sliding-window optimization. Our system is evaluated on Oxford Multimotion and KITTI dataset both quantitatively and qualitatively, reaching comparable results to state-of-the-art solutions on both odometry and dynamic trajectory recovery.
ER = EPR revisited: On the Entropy of an Einstein-Rosen Bridge

We propose a new link between entropy and area: an eternal black hole with an ER bridge with cross-section $A$ can carry a macroscopic amount of quantum information, or be in a mixed state, with entropy bounded by $S \leq A/4G_N$. We substantiate our proposal in the context of AdS3 and JT gravity, by using the Island prescription and replica wormhole method for computing the black hole entropy. We argue that the typical mixed state of a two sided black hole takes the form of an entangled `thermo-mixed double' state with only classical correlations between the two sides. Our result for the von Neumann entropy of a post-Page time two-sided black hole is smaller by a factor of two from previous answers. Our reasoning implies that black hole quantum information is topologically protected, similar to the information stored inside a topological quantum memory.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: stellar population correlates with stellar root-mean-square velocity Vrms gradients or total-density-profile slopes at fixed effective velocity dispersion σe

Galaxy properties are known to correlate most tightly with the galaxy effective stellar velocity dispersion σe. Here, we look for additional trends at fixed σe using 1339 galaxies (M* ≳ 6 × 109 M⊙) with different morphologies in the MaNGA (DR14) sample with integral-field spectroscopy data. We focus on the gradients (γrms ≡ σ(Re/4)/σe) of the stellar root-mean-square velocity ($V_{\rm rms} \equiv \sqrt{V^2 + \sigma ^2}$), which we show traces the total mass density gradient γtot derived from dynamical models and, more weakly, the bulge fraction. We confirm that γrms increases with σe, age, and metallicity. We additionally find that these correlations still exist at fixed σe, where galaxies with larger γrms are found to be older and more metal-rich. It means that mass density gradients contain information of the stellar population which is not fully accounted for by σe. This result puts an extra constraint on our understanding of galaxy quenching. We compare our results with galaxies in the IllustrisTNG hydrodynamical simulations and find that, at fixed σe, similar trends exist with age, the bulge fraction, and the total mass density slope but, unlike observations, no correlation with metallicity can be detected in the simulations.
Computing the renormalization group flow of two-dimensional 
ϕ4
 theory with tensor networks

We study the renormalization group flow of $\phi^4$ theory in two dimensions. Regularizing space into a fine-grained lattice and discretizing the scalar field in a controlled way, we rewrite the partition function of the theory as a tensor network. Combining local truncations and a standard coarse-graining scheme, we obtain the renormalization group flow of the theory as a map in a space of tensors. Aside from qualitative insights, we verify the scaling dimensions at criticality and extrapolate the critical coupling constant $f_{\rm c} = \lambda / \mu ^2$ to the continuum to find $f^{\rm cont. }_{\rm c} = 11.0861(90)$, which favorably compares with alternative methods.