Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mind the Gap: How Interspecies Variability in IgG and Its Receptors May Complicate Comparisons of Human and Non-human Primate Effector Function

The field of HIV research relies heavily on non-human primates, particularly the members of the macaque genus, as models for the evaluation of candidate vaccines and monoclonal antibodies. A growing body of research suggests that successful protection of humans will not solely rely on the neutralization activity of an antibody's antigen binding fragment. Rather, immunological effector functions prompted by the interaction of the immunoglobulin G constant region and its cognate Fc receptors help contribute to favorable outcomes. Inherent differences in the sequences, expression, and activities of human and non-human primate antibody receptors and immunoglobulins have the potential to produce disparate results in the observations made in studies conducted in differing species. Having a more complete understanding of these differences, however, should permit the more fluent translation of observations between model organisms and the clinic. Here we present a guide to such translations that encompasses not only what is presently known regarding the affinity of the receptor-ligand interactions but also the influence of expression patterns and allelic variation, with a focus on insights gained from use of this model in HIV vaccines and passive antibody therapy and treatment.
pH-sensitive doxorubicin-loaded polymeric nanocomplex based on β-cyclodextrin for liver cancer-targeted therapy

Background Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but is restricted by its poor pharmacokinetics. Herein, we exploited efficient targeted drug delivery systems and they have been found to be a worthy strategy for liver cancer therapy. Materials and methods We investigated polymeric nanoparticles which were synthesized based on host–guest interaction between β-cyclodextrin and benzimidazole. The properties of nanoparticles with regard to size/shape, encapsulation efficiency, and drug release were investigated using conventional experiments. Cell proliferation assay in vitro, cell uptake assay, and cell apoptosis analysis were used to investigate cytotoxicity, uptake, and mechanism of targeted supramolecular prodrug complexes (TSPCs)-based self-assemblies and supramolecular prodrug complexes (SPCs)-based self-assemblies. Results The pH-sensitive lactobionic acid (LA)-modified pH-sensitive self-assemblies were synthesized successfully. The results of in vitro released assay showed that the accelerated released of DOX from TSPCs-based self-assemblies with the decrease of pH value. When TSPCs-based self-assemblies were taken up by HepG2 cells, they demonstrated a faster release rate under acidic conditions and proved to have higher cytotoxicity than in the presence of LA. A mechanistic study revealed that TSPCs-based self-assemblies inhibited liver cell proliferation by inducing cell apoptosis. Conclusion The pH-sensitive nanocomplex, as liver-targeted nanoparticles, facilitated the efficacy of DOX in HepG2 cells, offering an appealing strategy for the treatment of HCC.
Thwarted Interpersonal Needs and Suicide Ideation Distress Among Psychiatric Inpatients: The Moderating Role of Criminal Associates

Psychiatric inpatients are at elevated risk of suicide, and approximately half are criminal justice-involved. Their involvement with criminal associates may be linked to increased suicide ideation distress; however, this has not been examined. This study tested main effects of, and interactions between, thwarted belongingness (TB) or perceived burdensomeness (PB), time spent with associates, and associates’ criminal involvement predicting suicide ideation distress. In our study, psychiatric inpatients (n = 139) completed assessments cross-sectionally. Results indicated that TB, PB, and associates’ criminal involvement were significantly related to greater suicide ideation distress. A significant three-way interaction indicated participants who endorsed high TB, spent more time with associates, and had associates high in criminal involvement had the greatest probability of “Extreme” suicide ideation distress. These findings suggest that spending time with criminal associates may increase suicide ideation distress more than not having social interactions. Implications and limitations of this study are discussed.
Linezolid—A Review of Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Matrices

Abstract Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing phenomenon in the world. Considering the relevance of antimicrobials for population and the reduction in the registration of new antimicrobials by regulatory agencies, proper quality control is required to minimize the spread of bacterial resistance and ensure the effectiveness of a treatment, as well as safety for the patient. The recent addition to the antimicrobial world is the oxazolidinone classes of antibiotics, especially useful to treat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. Eperezolid and linezolid (LIN) are the two members of the oxazolidinone class of antibiotics. LIN was the first oxazolidinone approved by the Food and Drug Administration. The present review focuses on the analytical methods for the assessment of LIN in pharmaceuticals and biological matrices. The critical validation parameters like the linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification are discussed for the individual method. Also the critical quality attributes like the sensitivity and the sample preparation techniques for bioanalytical methods are also discussed. Furthermore, some future trends that can be incorporated in the determination of similar drugs are also suggested.
A Formal Analysis of the NVIDIA PTX Memory Consistency Model

This paper presents the first formal analysis of the official memory consistency model for the NVIDIA PTX virtual ISA. Like other GPU memory models, the PTX memory model is weakly ordered but provides scoped synchronization primitives that enable GPU program threads to communicate through memory. However, unlike some competing GPU memory models, PTX does not require data race freedom, and this results in PTX using a fundamentally different (and more complicated) set of rules in its memory model. As such, PTX has a clear need for a rigorous and reliable memory model testing and analysis infrastructure. We break our formal analysis of the PTX memory model into multiple steps that collectively demonstrate its rigor and validity. First, we adapt the English language specification from the public PTX documentation into a formal axiomatic model. Second, we derive an up-to-date presentation of an OpenCL-like scoped C++ model and develop a mapping from the synchronization primitives of that scoped C++ model onto PTX. Third, we use the Alloy relational modeling tool to empirically test the correctness of the mapping. Finally, we compile the model and mapping into Coq and build a full machine-checked proof that the mapping is sound for programs of any size. Our analysis demonstrates that in spite of issues in previous generations, the new NVIDIA PTX memory model is suitable as a sound compilation target for GPU programming languages such as CUDA.
‘The Early Exposure is Really Helpful’ – Students’ Views of Participating in Communication Skills Screening

Students commence university with many hopes and dreams for their future and for most, these are realised. Health professional students must succeed in both their academic and clinical experiences. Excellent communication with their patients and colleagues on placement is necessary and particularly so for speech pathology students. This qualitative, descriptive study investigates how first- and final-year students view the screening of their communication skills in which they participate. The focus groups took place within the speech pathology department of a major Australian metropolitan university. Data were transcribed and analysed thematically. Three main themes arose: professional development, students’ cognitive and emotional responses, and the organisation of the screener. Both groups of students felt the screener was both an important part of their professional development and a way of identifying and supporting speech pathology students with communication difficulties. They valued the student-led nature of the process. Implications for the value of using a student-led communication screener to identify students with weaker communication skills early in their program and for the support of such students are discussed.
Inspiratory muscle strength affects anaerobic endurance in professional athletes

Abstract To the best of our knowledge, little is known about the role of respiratory muscle strength and endurance on athlete performance in anaerobic conditions of maximal exertion. The aim of this cross-sectional study was therefore to examine the association between the strength/endurance of inspiratory muscles in a group of 70 healthy male professional athletes (team sports) and their ventilatory and metabolic parameters at the anaerobic threshold (second ventilatory threshold; VT2) and beyond it at maximum load during the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a treadmill. Ventilatory parameters at VT2, at maximal effort, and their differences were tested for association with inspiratory muscle strength (PImax) and endurance (Tlim), measured as time to maintain inspiration at or above 80% of PImax. The difference in end-tidal oxygen tension (ΔPETO2) between VT2 and maximal effort was significantly associated with resting heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (BP), PImax, and lean body mass (LBM) (r2=0.26, p=0.016; multivariate regression analysis). The difference in carbon dioxide output (ΔVCO2) was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI), resting HR, systolic BP, and PImax (r2=0.25, p=0.022; multivariate regression analysis). Our findings suggest that it is the inspiratory muscle strength and not endurance that affects the performance of professional athletes and that it should be tested and trained systematically.
Single Depth Map Super-resolution with Local Self-similarity

Consumer depth sensors such as time-of-flight camera or Kinect have gained significant popularity in recently. However, the captured depth maps suffer from limited spatial resolution and a variety of noise, making such depth maps difficult to be directly applied in related applications. In this paper, we present a novel single depth map super-resolution method, aiming to reconstruct high-resolution depth map from its associated low-resolution depth map without any auxiliary information. Particularly, we exploit the depth local self-similarity to assist in constructing patch pairs in terms of high-resolution and low-resolution depth edge patches, and then deduce a high-resolution depth edge map via Markov model. Finally, we implement a joint bilateral filter to reconstruct the high-resolution depth map. Experimental results show that our method overcomes existing methods on the benchmark database as well as Kinect captured depth maps.
Exploring Students’ Learning Engagement in EFL Online Classroom

Due to the pandemic era, the Indonesian government proposes all schooling through online learning, including learning English. The study of students' engagement in EFL online learning is scarce in Indonesia. The aim of this study investigates students' engagement in EFL online classrooms in a vocational school, Indonesia through a descriptive survey. The obtained data were analysed, drawing upon the Online Student Engagement Scale (OSE) proposed by Dixson (2015). The scale includes four categories: behaviour, emotion, involvement, and cognitive on students' engagement while learning English online. The researchers used a questionnaire and video document observation to gather information. The researchers distributed a questionnaire to 33 respondents via WhatsApp Group (WAG) class, and only twenty-three of them gave it back. Then, the researchers obtained video document observation in EFL online class learning from a voluntary EFL teacher. The results showed that using an online language learning platform in the learning process can give EFL students significant learning involvements. A further implication of this study was revealed teachers should explore effective online EFL learning techniques that include assessments.
SHARIA MARKETING MIX: A MODEL OF DIGITAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF ZAKAT

Zakat institutions make a variety of new innovations and accelerations in terms of management strategies to improve zakat management. Getting support from Government Regulations and DSN MUI Fatwa regarding the use of IT is certainly a motivation for zakat institutions to increasingly actively develop technology-based services. IT is one of the main focuses of the marketing strategy to increase muzaki's interest in distributing zakat through online zakat services. But in the middle of the community it seems that the presence of digital zakat services still requires a long process of obtaining 'postioning'. In addition, the use of technology must also be more careful, especially because of the negative impact it has. Sharia marketing mix offers strategy management based on sharia principles which in its development is dominated by contemporary fiqh studies. The research aims to provide a literature review on the collaboration of sharia marketing mix and digital marketing zakat. An interesting study considering there are still few studies that reveal a combination of both. Sharia marketing mix present offers management strategies that conventional marketing mix lacks. The results of the literature review state that sharia marketing mix has a special advantage in filtering the negative impact of the use of technology compared to the marketing mix which has been widely used by companies, financial institutions and non-banks.
Education and Cognition in Middle Age and Later Life: The Mediating Role of Physical and Cognitive Activity.

OBJECTIVES Although educational attainment is related to cognitive function in later life, little is known about the mechanisms involved. This study assessed the independent mediating effects of two behavioral variables, physical and cognitive activity, on the association between educational attainment and cognitive function and change. METHODS Data were derived from the three waves of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Predictors (educational attainment) were from the 1995 baseline, mediators (physical and cognitive activities) were from the 2004 wave, and outcomes (cognitive function) were from the 2004 and 2013 waves. Conditional process modeling was applied using PROCESS in SPSS. RESULTS There were both direct and indirect effects of educational attainment on level and change of executive function (EF) and episodic memory (EM). Physical activity and cognitive activity were both significant mediators for cognitive level. For mediators of change, however, cognitive activity was significant for EF and physical activity was significant for EM. DISCUSSION Physical and cognitive activity are discussed as possible factors for protecting against cognitive decline in later life. The findings have implications for advancing supportive policies and practices related to maximizing the benefits of education and physical and cognitive activities for cognition in middle age and later life.
Evaluation of TT-Based Local PWV Estimation for Different Propagation Velocities

Local pulse wave velocity (PWV) for a common carotid artery (CCA) is usually estimated using a transmit time (TT) method based on time fiduciary points at the feet of the pulse waves. However, the shape of pulse wave is affected because the propagation velocity (PV) and amplitude of the reflected wave changes with vascular wall elasticity. We assess the performance of the TT-based local PWV estimation for different PVs with four timing methods, i.e. the maximum value of the second derivative (M2D), the intersecting tangent (IT), the 20% threshold (TH20) and the maximum value of the first derivative (M1D) methods, for time fiduciary point detection. The wall distension waveforms propagating along a segment of CCA are modelled by a synthesization of the estimated incident and reflected waves for different PVs. The performance of the estimation based on the four methods is evaluated by measuring relative errors (REs). The results show that for the PVs below 6 m/s, the M2D, IT and TH20 methods exhibit good precision with REs less than 11%; for the PVs over 6 m/s, the M2D method is the most accurate than other three methods for the PWV estimation. The M2D method is the most suitable for the PWV estimation under a wide range of PV conditions. It may provide us with useful suggestions for improving the PWV estimation in clinical measurements.
The Role of Health Literacy in Family Planning Use among Senegalese Women

Health communication has contributed to an increase in family planning use through education and mass media as a means to increase health literacy. In this research, we investigate health literacy as an auxiliary component of health communication. We test the validity of the Health Literacy Skills Framework by examining the correlation of health literacy indicators to family planning use among Senegalese women in the 2014 Demographic Health Survey. We found that increased family planning use was most strongly associated with hearing family planning messages through television and radio. Other health literacy indicators, including access to printed family planning messaging, textual literacy, and knowledge of ovulatory cycles did not strengthen family planning use, even when performing a subgroup analysis of women who could read. The implications are that the Health Literacy Skills framework can measure health literacy’s ability (assessed through proxy indicators of health literacy) to predict modern family planning use among Senegalese women and that audio and visual health literacy measures are most strongly associated with increased family planning use.
FightHPV: Design and Evaluation of a Mobile Game to Raise Awareness About Human Papillomavirus and Nudge People to Take Action Against Cervical Cancer

Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection globally. High-risk HPV types can cause cervical cancer, other anogenital cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer; low-risk HPV types can cause genital warts. Cervical cancer is highly preventable through HPV vaccination and screening; however, a lack of awareness and knowledge of HPV and these preventive strategies represents an important barrier to reducing the burden of the disease. The rapid development and widespread use of mobile technologies in the last few years present an opportunity to overcome this lack of knowledge and create new, effective, and modern health communication strategies. Objective This study aimed to describe the development of a mobile app called FightHPV, a game-based learning tool that educates mobile technology users about HPV, the disease risks associated with HPV infection, and existing preventive methods. Methods The first version of FightHPV was improved in a design-development-evaluation loop, which incorporated feedback from a beta testing study of 40 participants, a first focus group of 6 participants aged between 40 and 50 years and a second focus group of 23 participants aged between 16 and 18 years. Gameplay data from the beta testing study were collected using Google Analytics (Google), whereas feedback from focus groups was evaluated qualitatively. Of the 29 focus group participants, 26 returned self-administered questionnaires. HPV knowledge before and after playing the game was evaluated in the 22 participants from the second focus group who returned a questionnaire. Results FightHPV communicates concepts about HPV, associated diseases and their prevention by representing relationships among 14 characters in 6 episodes of 10 levels each, with each level being represented by a puzzle. Main concepts were reinforced with text explanations. Beta testing revealed that many players either failed or had to retry several times before succeeding at the more difficult levels in the game. It also revealed that players gave up at around level 47 of 60, which prompted the redesign of FightHPV to increase accessibility to all episodes. Focus group discussions led to several improvements in the user experience and dissemination of health information in the game, such as making all episodes available from the beginning of the game and rewriting the information in a more appealing way. Among the 26 focus group participants who returned a questionnaire, all stated that FightHPV is an appealing educational tool, 69% (18/26) reported that they liked the game, and 81% (21/26) stated that the game was challenging. We observed an increase in HPV knowledge after playing the game (P=.001). Conclusions FightHPV was easy to access, use, and it increased awareness about HPV infection, its consequences, and preventive measures. FightHPV can be used to educate people to take action against HPV and cervical cancer.
Actively targeted nanocarriers for drug delivery to cancer cells

ABSTRACT Introduction: Progressive breakthroughs in nanomedicine have been instrumental for the clinical translation of actively targeted drug-delivery approaches. Besides storing large payloads of drugs within the nanoparticle core, the conjugation of targeting moieties confers specific targeting ability to the nanoplatforms. In this respect, clinical results suggest that actively targeted nanocarriers can exhibit an overall improved antitumor efficacy, minimizing off-target toxicity. Areas covered: This review article summarizes the advances in active targeting of nanocarriers to cancer cells. Specifically, we discuss the various types of nanocarriers, describe the receptors that are frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, and discuss how this approach can be used to improve clinical outcomes. We particularly focus on ongoing clinical trials of actively targeted nanoparticles that are yet to be clinically approved. Expert opinion: Further investment in active targeting will likely pose clinical benefits. We envisage a future requiring the use of longitudinal measures in the clinical setting to profile the patients that are likely to benefit from actively targeted nanocarriers. At the preclinical stage, a complete picture of intratumoral barriers combined with a quantitative approach of the intratumoral fate of nanomaterials will be instrumental in defining more effective strategies to improve their clinical translation.