Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phase transitions and Raman scattering spectra of TlGaSe2

In this work we examined the phase transitions in the ternary thallium chalcogenide TlGaSe2 by studying the temperature dependence of the Raman spectra with the aid of confocal microscopy. The unpolarized Raman scattering spectra of TlGaSe2 single crystals were measured over the temperature range 78- 300 K (which includes the range of the successive phase transitions) in the frequency region of 50 – 300 cm-1. The Raman spectra exhibited 12 lines at 300 K, but the number of lines rose to 17 at 78 K. In the temperature interval between 107 K and 120 K, where the phase transitions take place, the temperature dependence of the phonon frequencies showed discontinuities for several of the Raman lines.
Do International Capital Flows, Institutional Quality Matter for Innovation Output: The Mediating Role of Economic Policy Uncertainty

The determinants of innovation output in empirical literature were extensively investigated by considering diverse sets of variables. Still, the impact of economic policy uncertainty on innovation output is yet to unleash. To mitigate the existing research gap, the study investigated the association between EPU and innovation output, considering a panel of 22 countries over 1997–2018. The study employed a dynamic panel quantile regression and system-GMM specification causality test for discovering elasticity and directional association both in the long-run and the short-run. Study findings disclosed negative statistically significant effects running from EPU to innovation output except innovation measured by R&D. Moreover, institutional quality and FDI exposed positive and statistically significant association with innovation output. In terms of directional causality, unidirectional causality running from EPU and FDI to innovation output was established, whereas bidirectional causality was established between institutional quality and innovation output.
Statistical Analysis and Machine Learning Prediction of Fog-Caused Low-Visibility Events at A-8 Motor-Road in Spain

This work presents a full statistical analysis and accurate prediction of low-visibility events due to fog, at the A-8 motor-road in Mondoñedo (Galicia, Spain). The present analysis covers two years of study, considering visibility time series and exogenous variables collected in the zone affected the most by extreme low-visibility events. This paper has then a two-fold objective: first, we carry out a statistical analysis for estimating the fittest probability distributions to the fog event duration, using the Maximum Likelihood method and an alternative method known as the L-moments method. This statistical study allows association of the low-visibility depth with the event duration, showing a clear relationship, which can be modeled with distributions for extremes such as Generalized Extreme Value and Generalized Pareto distributions. Second, we apply a neural network approach, trained by means of the ELM (Extreme Learning Machine) algorithm, to predict the occurrence of low-visibility events due to fog, from atmospheric predictive variables. This study provides a full characterization of fog events at this motor-road, in which orographic fog is predominant, causing important traffic problems during all year. We also show how the ELM approach is able to obtain highly accurate low-visibility events predictions, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.8, within a half-hour time horizon, enough to initialize some protocols aiming at reducing the impact of these extreme events in the traffic of the A-8 motor road.
Capillary Pressure in Fractured Porous Media

Presentation of a phenomenological model for fracture capillary pressure in which the fracture faces are assumed to be covered with cones, each of which contacts the tip of an opposite cone. Cones in contact at the tip represent both roughness and aperture of a fracture surface. The solution to the Young-Laplace equation of capillarity is used to relate fracture capillarity to saturation. The computed results show a porous-medium behavior for fracture capillary pressure. The validity of this model has been confirmed by experiments
An Experimental Factor Analysis Study Using SAW and TOPSIS to Select and Rank Organic Agriculture Cities in Turkey

The agriculture sector supports Turkey’s GDP portfolio economically and helps establish a sustainable labor force. Turkey has certain competitive advantages in terms of the organic production of agricultural goods like figs and hazelnuts. We conduct a factor analysis using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods combined with a 3-level set (export volume, export value, and adequacy rate) to rank 32 candidate cities of Turkey where organic agriculture activities should be given more emphasis to support overall production and export rates. 18 different sets of importance values were used for this purpose and their combinatorial effects on candidate cities were analyzed. The factor analysis results show that the cities Izmir, Aydin, Adiyaman, Gaziantep, Agri, Mus, and Van have the highest potentials among all Turkish cities in both methods, while Sanliurfa also shows high potential for organic agriculture in the TOPSIS method.
Religion: Interrelationships and Opinions in Children and Adolescents. Interaction between Age and Beliefs

The current trend of secularization seems to be leading to a gradual withdrawal of religion from public spaces. However, in an increasingly internationalized world, it is becoming more and more important to study the roles of religion and religiosity and their potential in relation to dialogue and social conflicts and tensions. Education is a vital field within which to address this religious issue and create an educational dialogue in order to promote coexistence. By following a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, based on a quasi-experimental methodology with a social–analytical character, our aim is to assess the existing connections between religion, interrelation and opinion in Spanish children and adolescents. Special attention is paid to the interaction between age and beliefs. We carried out our study with the use of a questionnaire distributed to eleven secondary schools, with students aged between 11 and 16 years old, in three regions of southern Spain (Andalusia, Ceuta, and Melilla) characterized by high religious diversity and multiculturalism. The multivariate analysis carried out in this study identifies the effects of variance on the influence of age and religion, highlighting the interaction between the two. It is observed that the youngest students are those who express their opinions about religion the least, while those belonging to younger age groups and majority religions are those who express a greater religious coexistence, with Muslims externalizing their religious condition the most.
WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT USING WATER QUALITY INDEX: A CASE OF THE RAY RIVER, VIETNAM

Received: 18/4/2021 The Ray River is a critical surface water system which serves for domestic, industrial and agricultural activities running through Dong Nai province, and Ba Ria Vung Tau province, located in Southeast region in Vietnam. The water quality of the river has increasingly gained attention among scholars due to seriously threatened by effluents from diverse activities such as recreational area, domestic activities, industrial zone and pig farming, as well as fertilizers and pesticides from agricultural activities. In this study, we aim at evaluation of the surface water quality in the Ray River using water quality index (WQI) proposed and at determination of crucial parameters among 13 physicochemical ones. These include temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonium (NH4-N), nitrate (NO3-N), nitrite (NO2N), phosphate (PO4-P), total suspended solids (TSS), iron (Fe), permanganate index (CODMn), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total coliform. Sampling was carried out four period of times (March, June, October, and December) in 2019, in two different seasons, dry season and rainy season, at 10 locations spreading from upstream to downstream of the river. As a result, the water quality at the M2, M3 (in dry season) and M2, M9, M10 (in rainy season) locations were found to be the most polluted. Water quality index in dry season was significantly higher than that in the rainy season. Thus, water quality assessment is significant for better control and management of the surface water environment in Vietnam. Revised: 14/5/2021
MANAGING YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES OF TRITICALE IN A DEFICIT IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH METHANOL FOLIAR APPLICATION

Triticale is mainly grown for feed grain and biomass production for thatching straw and general human use. A combined analysis with a factorial layout in the two years of 2016 and 2017 with five replications was used to evaluate the yield and yield components of triticale under different methanol concentrations and irrigation managements in Isfahan, Iran. Irrigation treatments consisted of irrigation on the basis of 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% crop water requirements, and methanol treatments as foliar application on the basis of 15% methanol concentration, 30% methanol concentration and control treatment (0%). Methanol application influence on one hundred grain weight was significant. The maximum plant height, number of tillers, Leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), one hundred grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index and protein content were achieved in irrigation on the basis of 100% crop water requirement. The maximum plant height, number of tillers, LAI, LAD, one hundred grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index and protein were obtained in 2017. Foliar methanol application with 15% concentration obtained the maximum plant height, LAI, LAD, one hundred grain weight, biological yield, soil plant analytical development (SPAD) and protein percentage. The results of this experiment suggest that methanol can aid in alleviating the effects of drought stress on triticale in the climatic condition of Isfahan. It is concluded that triticale cultivars performed better in 2017, with 15% concentration of methanol application and irrigation on the basis of 100% crop water requirement.
Vegetation and Residence Time Interact to Influence Metabolism and Net Nutrient Uptake in Experimental Agricultural Drainage Systems

Agricultural drainage networks within the Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB) have potential to attenuate nutrient loading to downstream aquatic ecosystems through best management practices. Nutrient uptake (nitrogen, phosphorus), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and denitrification rates were estimated using a combination of sensor measurements and hourly discrete samples for dissolved nutrients and gases at three hydraulic residence times (2, 4, and 6 h) in three vegetated and three unvegetated ditches. We also measured vegetation and soil nutrient content. GPP and ER were significantly higher in vegetated drainages and increasing hydraulic residence time increased respiration rates. Shorter hydraulic residence times were associated with increased uptake rates for both N and P, and vegetation increased N uptake rates in all hydraulic residence time (HRT) treatments. Vegetation and sediment assimilated N and P over the course of the experiment. Overall, our experimental results demonstrate the strong role of emergent vegetation in nutrient retention and removal processes in agricultural drainage ditch networks.
A Generic Brain Trauma Computer Framework to Assess Brain Injury Severity and Bridging Vein Rupture in Traumatic Falls

Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) have been a major cause of morbidity and mortality for many years. The Organ Trauma Model (OTM) is a state of the art computer model, available to scientific community, which can calculate the threat to the life via white and grey matter brain injury severity level based on Peak Virtual Power (PVP), founded on the 2nd law of thermodynamics. The OTM model has however assumed, based on previous literature, that bridging veins rupture when the grey matter maximum principal strain exceeds 25.5%. This assumption does not permit to locate the vein tear as well as quantify the blood loss, which defines the injury severity. A 10-pair bridging vein shell computer model was devised, using published material properties and geometrical data connecting the grey matter to the dura, and defined a maximum principal strain to rupture of 15%. This bridging vein model was then tested in the case of a fall and correctly predicted the location of tear, as well as how many veins were damaged, suggesting that it is possible, with more validation cases, to link the number of damaged veins to the AIS level. This bridging vein model is a novel concept model which is showing a plausible response in direct linear impact and could be a good candidate for EuroNCAP pedestrian head strike against the vehicle, as well as helmet safety performance assessment. It has however not yet been validated in angular acceleration motions, hence more testing will be required in due course.
How to ensure control of cooperative vehicle and truck platoons using Meaningful Human Control

Vehicle cooperation, not vehicle automation, will yield the greatest benefits on road traffic. However, satisfactory human control over platoons of cooperative vehicles still has a large number of uncertainties and issues to be addressed. This paper aims to address these broader issues of control over a cooperative vehicle platoon by focussing on a truck platooning system as a case example, and taking the perspective of Meaningful Human Control (MHC) as control concept. MHC goes further than mere operational control as it addresses issues that exist in current system designs, and proposes improvements based on a novel and more encompassing set of conditions for control. These issues are addressed in regard to the vehicles and their Operational Design Domains (ODD), the role and ability of the drivers (both leading and following) and how these exist in regard to their road environment. We conclude that current advances are making progress, but that from a MHC perspective, issues still remain for the operational and tactical implementation of truck platoons and cooperative driving that need to be addressed in regard to ODDs and drivers. Furthermore, consideration of responsibility and liability aspects is required that stretches beyond nominal appointment thereof, as this does not satisfy important ethical and societal standards. This is demonstrated in the paper through two hypothetical cases focussing on issues on a system level and one further analysis which is focussed on the role of the driver in the platooning system.
Models of Resonant Wave‐Particle Interactions

Radiation belt electrons are strongly affected by resonant interactions with cyclotron‐resonant waves. For broad band, small amplitude waves the interactions are well described by quasi‐linear diffusion in pitch angle and energy, but coherent, large amplitude waves such as strong whistler mode chorus call for a different treatment. The standard nonlinear framework reduces the problem to that of a classical pendulum. This picture has generally been confirmed by many numerical simulations, but recent studies have uncovered additional, complex behavior, not captured by the pendulum model, for particles with low pitch angle. We show that avoiding a commonly made approximation leads to a more general but still tractable “second fundamental model” Hamiltonian, which involves not one but two regions of phase trapping. We analyze its phase portraits in detail, and perform representative test particle simulations with slowly changing parameters. We find that the trajectories encompass traditional phase bunching and phase trapping as well as additional behavior best understood using the new model.
Welfare-Dependent Refugees?: Evidence from County Welfare Management System Data in Western New York

Abstract This study tests an assumption of refugee resettlement policy: Refugees are dependent on welfare. Using administrative data from a county government, we compare the probability of receiving welfare for an extended time between refugees and citizens. We use receiving state-funded welfare benefits as an indicator of long-term reliance on welfare, as families lose eligibility for federally-funded benefits after 60 months on welfare. Logit regressions find that refugees are significantly less likely to receive state-funded welfare than citizens, controlling for family head’s characteristics and family composition. Analysis results discredit public fears of long-term fiscal burden from refugees’ welfare dependency.
Substratos comerciais e adubo de liberação lenta (NPK 14-14-14) na produção de porta-enxerto de cajueiro.

O conteudo e apresentado em oito capitulos: 1 - Resumo; 2 - Abstract; 3 - Introducao; 4 - Material e metodos; 5 - Resultados e discussao; 6 - Conclusoes; 7 - Agradecimentos; 8 - Referencias.
Effects of Nitrate on Denitrifying Phosphorus Removing and the Process Control

Based on the characteristics of low carbon source of municipal wastewater in the southern regions, this paper studied the effects of different concentration and addition mode of nitrate on denitrifying phosphorus removal with nitrate as electron acceptor,and it was specially studied that the control strategy with on-line monitoring V(ORP)and pH.The experiments showed that the higher or lower concentration of nitrate in anoxic phase can lower simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal.In order to achieve good and stable simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal over time,the concentration of nitrate should be in a proper range.With on-line monitoring V(ORP)and pH,there would be a turning point in pH when nitrate was used up and phosphorus uptake ended,if nitrate wasn't enough.When phosphorus uptake ended with nitrate enough,there was a plat in pH.So pH can reflect the condition of phosphorus uptake and denitrifying in anoxic phase and can be used to optimize and control denitrifying phosphorus removal processes.While there wasn't any characteristic point in V(ORP)to infer the condition of phosphorus uptake and denitrifying in anoxic phase,V(ORP)can't be the controlling parameter in denitrifying phosphorus removal processes.The addition mode of nitrate couldn't affect the efficiency of simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal,but it was favorable to advance denitrification rate and decrease accumulation of nitrite along with addition number of frequency increasing and continuous addition with low concentration nitrate especially.
An Evaluation Framework for the Dual Contribution of Action Research: Opportunities and Challenges in the Field of Operations Management

The aim of this paper is to analyze the dual contribution of action research (AR) both for research as well as business practice, and how this methodology puts into practice a win-win collaboration between researchers and practitioners. In order to get this, we define three specific objectives: first, we develop an evaluation framework to assess the contribution of AR methodology for research and practitioners in the field of management. Second, we use this framework to evaluate the dual contribution of AR in the specific field of operations management (OM) through a systematic literature review, which allows to analyze a set of 62 papers. Third, we identify opportunities and challenges to enrich the dual contribution of AR studies in OM. Main findings show that the evaluation framework developed represents a tool that may be useful to assess the dual contribution of any study based on AR in the field of management. Besides, the analysis of AR in the field of OM highlights that most of the papers identified are focused on “theory building” (research) and “implementation” (practice) as there are studies that have used AR to develop contributions based on “theory testing” and “theory elaboration,” and also in terms of “diagnosis” and “proposals. ” Finally, this study signals that, with the aim to assure research rigor and relevance of practitioners’ contribution of AR studies, it is relevant to give one step ahead and to develop actions such as the use of AR as a metamethodology, to highlight those relevant findings in the whole AR cycle and to develop tools and mechanisms that strengthen its dual contribution, in terms of both research and practice.
The Evaluation of Experimental Variables for Sustainable Virtual Road Safety Audits

This paper evaluates experimental variables for virtual road safety audits (VRSAs) through practical experiments to promote sustainable road safety. VRSAs perform road safety audits using driving simulators (DSs), and all objects in the road environment cannot be experimental variables because of realistic constraints. Therefore, the study evaluates the likelihood of recommendation of VRSA experimental variables by comparing DSs experiments and field reviews to secure sustainable road safety conditions. The net promoter score results evaluated “Tunnel”, “Bridge”, “Underpass”, “Footbridge”, “Traffic island”, “Sign”, “Lane”, “Road marking”, “Traffic light”, “Median barrier”, “Road furniture”, and “Traffic condition” as recommended variables. On the contrary, the “Road pavement”, “Drainage”, “Lighting”, “Vehicle”, “Pedestrian”, “Bicycle”, “Accident”, and “Hazard event” variables were not recommended. The study can be used for decision making in VRSA scenario development as an initial effort to evaluate its experimental variables.
The Selection of Talent: Experimental and Structural Evidence from Ethiopia

We study how search frictions in the labor market affect firms’ ability to recruit talented workers. In a field experiment in Ethiopia, we show that an employer can attract more talented applicants by offering a small monetary incentive for making a job application. Estimates from a structural model suggest that the intervention is effective because the cost of making a job application is large, and positively correlated with jobseeker ability. We provide evidence that this positive correlation is driven by dynamic selection. In a second experiment, we show that local recruiters underestimate the positive impacts of application incentives. (JEL J23, J24, J31, J64, O15)
Measured lives in educational psychology

Why is the work of educational researcher John Hattie’s work so popular today? This is the question we will try to answer in this paper. Based on a very large empirical database, Hattie calculates the effects of numerous educational interventions and factors influencing student achievements. Despite documented methodological flaws in his work, Hattie’s work keep attracting the attention of policy makers, teachers and educational researchers all over the world. We propose to understand the popularity of Hattie’s work in relation to the ongoing debate about the legitimation of schooling – using Habermas’ (1976) work Legitimation Crisis as point of departure. Our claim is that Hattie is offering a theoretical synthesis of effective teaching as a way to legitimize modern schooling. However, there are a number of problems with this synthesis, most notably that it does not include the pupils’ intentions for participating.
Finite‐time leader–follower consensus control of multiagent systems with mismatched disturbances

We study the robust finite‐time leader–follower output consensus problems for second‐order multiagent systems (MASs) with mismatched disturbances. For mismatched disturbance, the mismatched disturbance observer is used for each follower to estimate the mismatched disturbance in finite time. Then a backstepping control protocol is constructed via Lyapunov finite‐time stability theorem, and we can prove that the output consensus tracking with strong robustness can be reached for the considered MAS in finite time if the communication topology includes a directed spanning tree, where the leader is the root. Finally, we use two simulation examples to illustrate the correctness of the theoretical results.