Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance imaging‐guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy launch with remote telemedicine international proctorship

Abstract Background COVID‐19 limitations have hindered the implementation of new technologies by preventing proctors from coming to the site. We share our first experience of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatment with an international remote online proctorship, and develop and evaluate the methodology of remote MRgFUS proctorship. Methods This single‐center, nonrandomized controlled prospective study included 94 patients: 27 with essential tremor (ET) and 67 with tremor‐dominant Parkinson's disease (PD). The coming of proctors was impossible, so we arranged for the remote participation of proctors from the United Kingdom, Spain, and Israel. A total of 38 patients (40.4%) received telemedicine‐proctored treatment (proctor group) and 56 received their treatment independently (solo group). We used the Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (CRST) for ET patients and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part III for PD patients. Results In patients with ET, success rates were 81.8% (proctor group) and 100% (solo group) (p = 0.22). CRST reduction on the treated side was 71.43% [65.83%; 80.56%] (proctor group) versus 60.87% [53.99; 79.58] (solo group) (p = 0.19). None of the patients showed worsening of tremors within 1 year. In patients with PD, the success rates were 92.6% (proctor group) and 100% (solo group) (p = 0.08). The UPDRS Part III improvement was 30.1% (proctor group) versus 39.9% (solo group) (p = 0.003). The 1‐year recurrence rate was 40% (proctor group) and 17.5% (solo group) (p = 0.04). No complications were observed at 6 months. Conclusions We developed a feasible and safe methodology for telemedicine remote online‐proctored MRgFUS treatment. No significant difference was observed between the solo and developed remote proctor protocols in terms of complication rate, effect, and long‐term results; however, UPDRS Part III improvement was better in the PD solo group. This study demonstrated that the MRgFUS international proctorship can be performed successfully remotely.
PARENTAL BREASTFEEDING BEHAVIOR AND ATTITUDE QUESTIONNAIRE

SUMMARY A validated questionnaire is required to evaluate scientifically community-based breastfeeding support and promotion. The aim of this study was to create a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure parents’ behavior and attitudes about breastfeeding. The items in the questionnaire were selected by the authors according to regular data from the professional literature, and in consultation with three pediatric lecturers at higher and secondary health education, fellow pediatricians, and parents. A working version of the questionnaire was available on the website of the For a Healthy and Happy Childhood association from February 1, 2019 to May 31, 2019. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Bjelovar General Hospital. After item analysis, 15 behavioral questions that showed good internal consistency were retained. Concerning the attitudes, principal component analysis showed a four-factor structure with 17 items explaining 46.11% of total variance. Cronbach’s alpha (0.88) indicated acceptable internal consistency. To analyze the ability of the questionnaire to differentiate parents according to the desired outcome, the χ2-test, correlation and logistic regression were used. In the study, the desired outcome was defined as exclusive breastfeeding for 5 or 6 months, as well as breastfeeding for 12 months or more. In conclusion, the final instrument is reliable and valid for collecting breastfeeding data and evaluating changes in parents’ behaviors and attitudes achieved through participation in breastfeeding promotion and support programs. The questionnaire may, in addition to the BIAKQ questionnaire, support professionals and activists involved in breastfeeding to create methodologically well-conceived programs.
A Nucleus-Targeting WT1 Antagonistic Peptide Encapsulated in Polymeric Nanomicelles Combats Refractory Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is recognized as a classic clonal myeloproliferative disorder. Given the limited treatment options for CML patients in the accelerated phase (AP) and blast phase (BP), there is an evident need to develop new therapeutic strategies. This has the potential to improve outcomes for individuals in the advanced stages of CML. A promising therapeutic target is Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1), which is highly expressed in BP-CML cells and plays a crucial role in CML progression. In this study, a chemically synthesized nucleus-targeting WT1 antagonistic peptide termed WIP2W was identified. The therapeutic implications of both the peptide and its micellar formulation, M—WIP2W, were evaluated in WT1+ BP-CML cell lines and in mice. The findings indicate that WIP2W can bind specifically to the WT1 protein, inducing cell cycle arrest and notable cytotoxicity in WT1+ BP-CML cells. Moreover, subcutaneous injections of M—WIP2W were observed to significantly enhance intra-tumoral accumulation and to effectively inhibit tumor growth. Thus, WIP2W stands out as a potent and selective WT1 inhibitor, and the M—WIP2W nanoformulation appears promising for the therapeutic treatment of refractory CML as well as other WT1-overexpressing malignant cancers.
Ingenious: emerging youth cultures in urban Australia

Book synopsis: The book documents new findings on the contribution of migrant young people to Australia’s urban life. The essays collected traces teenagers within a world of city suburbs and P plates, shopping malls and chat rooms and text messages. Proud of their migrant backgrounds, they are moving away from explicit ethnically defined cultural groups to focus on their place in contemporary Australian society. These young people through their every day activities are redefining what it means to be an Australian The book is edited by widely published cultural researchers Melissa Butcher from the University of Sydney and Mandy Thomas from the Australian National University who together worked on the GENERATE project. It is far too common for our youth to be portrayed as not belonging to our dominant or mainstream culture. In Ingenious, the editors study the kaleidoscope of influences and environments our youth move within - online networks, dance parties and more - to paint a flexible, innovative generation.
Ketone Bodies Induce Unique Inhibition of Tumor Cell Proliferation and Enhance the Efficacy of Anti-Cancer Agents

The ketone bodies, sodium and lithium salts of acetoacetate (AcAc) and sodium 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB; commonly called beta-hydroxybutyrate) have been found to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. Previous studies have suggested that lithium itself may be an inhibiting agent but may be additive or synergistic with the effect of AcAc. We previously found that sodium acetoacetate (NaAcAc) inhibits the growth of human colon cancer cell line SW480. We report here similar results for several other cancer cell lines including ovarian, cervical and breast cancers. We found that NaAcAc does not kill cancer cells but rather blocks their proliferation. Similar inhibition of growth was seen in the effect of lithium ion alone (as LiCl). The effect of LiAcAc appears to be due to the combined effects of acetoacetate and the lithium ion. The ketone bodies, when given together with chemotherapeutic agents, rapamycin, methotrexate and the new peptide anti-cancer agent, PNC-27, substantially lowers their IC50 values for cancer cell, killing suggesting that ketone bodies and ketogenic diets may be powerful adjunct agents in treating human cancers.
Effect of residence time in the reactor on the reinforcement of biochar in rubber compounds

In the present work, the effect of residence time on the production of biochar by the pyrolysis process of Pinus spp. was investigated. Biochar was produced at three different residence times in the reactor (30, 60, and 240 min). The effect of residence time on the load in the pyrolysis process was evaluated based on the rheometric, physical and mechanical properties of the elastomeric compounds. The shortest residence time, 30 min, produced a biochar with a graphitic structure (turbostratic) that was ideal for the interaction between load and elastomer and caused the least possible disturbance to the crystallization process by stretching the natural rubber, which was observed from the tensile strength, while maintaining the mechanical properties. As the residence time increased, it was observed that the more crystalline structure interfered with the crystallization process of the natural rubber when stretched, causing a decrease in tensile strength and decreasing the interaction between the load- elastomer, thus increasing the vulcanization time of the rubber. The compound was prepared using the filler with the longest residence time (NR/BIO240min).
Factors Related with Unsafe Action in Palm Oil Harvesters at PT. Priatama Riau Kebun Rupat Island

Introduction: Work accidents can be caused by unsafe action factors in the field, such as not wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), not following work procedures, and not following work safety regulations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors related to unsafe actions (unsafe behavior) in oil palm harvesters at PT Priatama Riau. Methods: This is an observational study. The study population consisted of 111 workers in the plantation harvester section. The research sample was calculated using the Slovin formula for as many as 86 workers. The independent variables consisted of OHS knowledge, attitudes, education, length of working period, age, OHS supervision, and OSH training. The dependent variable was Unsafe Action (unsafe behavior). Essential information was obtained through meetings, perceptions, and polls. The information collection instruments used in this study were survey sheets, agenda sheets, and cameras for documentation. Data analysis consisted of univariate and bivariate analyses. Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-squared statistical test. Results: The factors related to unsafe action/unsafe behavior in oil palm harvesters were sex, years of service, knowledge, attitudes, OHS supervision, OHS training, and unsafe conditions. Conclusion: Judging from the factual test as a whole or together, the factors of tenure, gender, attitude, knowledge, OSH supervision, OSH training, work equipment, and unsafe conditions are related to Unsafe Actions.
Spatial and temporal variations in the age structure of Arctic sea ice

Spatial and temporal variations in the age structure of Arctic sea ice are investigated using a new reverse‐chronology algorithm that tracks ice‐covered pixels to their location and date of origin based on ice motion and concentration data. The Beaufort Gyre tends to harbor the oldest (>10 years old) sea ice in the western Arctic while direct ice advection pathways toward the Transpolar Drift Stream maintain relatively young (≤5 years) ice in the eastern Arctic. Persistent net losses (−4.2% yr−1) in extent of ice >10 years old (10+ year age class) were observed during 1989–2003. Since the mid‐1990s, losses to the 10+ year age class lacked compensation by recruitment due to a prior depletion of all mature (6–10 year) age classes. Survival of the 1994 and 1996–1998 sea ice generations reestablished most mature age classes, and thereby the potential to increase extent of the 10+ year age class during the mid‐2000s.
Impacts of Mn Content and Mass Loading on the Performance of Flexible Asymmetric Solid-State Supercapacitors Using Mixed-Phase MnO2/N-Containing Graphene Composites as Cathode Materials

MnO2/nitrogen-containing graphene (x-NGM) composites with varying contents of Mn were used as the electrode materials for flexible asymmetric solid-state supercapacitors. The MnO2 was a two-phase mixture of γ- and α-MnO2. The combination of nitrogen-containing graphene and MnO2 improved reversible Faraday reactions and charge transfer. However, excessive MnO2 reduced conductivity, hindering ion diffusion and charge transfer. Overloading the electrode with active materials also negatively affected conductivity. Both the mass loading and MnO2 content were crucial to electrochemical performance. x-NGM composites served as cathode materials, while graphene acted as the anode material. Operating by two charge storage mechanisms enabled a synergistic effect, resulting in better charge storage purposes. Among the supercapacitors, the 3-NGM1//G1 exhibited the highest conductivity, efficient charge transfer, and superior capacitive characteristics. It showed a superior specific capacitance of 579 F·g−1, leading to high energy density and power density. Flexible solid-state supercapacitors using x-NGM composites demonstrated good cycle stability, with a high capacitance retention rate of 86.7% after 2000 bending cycles.
Statistical Analysis for Speaker Recognition Evaluation With Data Dependence and Three Score Distributions

The speaker recognition evaluation is conducted in a framework in which three score distributions and two decision thresholds are employed, and the statistic of interest is an average of the two weighted sums of the probabilities of type I and type II errors at the two thresholds correspondingly. And data dependence caused by multiple use of the same subjects exists ubiquitously in order to generate more samples because of limited resources. Under such circumstances, statistical analysis is carried out. First, the standard error (SE) of measure is estimated using the nonparametric three-sample two-layer bootstrap algorithm on a two-layer data structure constructed after dataset optimization due to data dependence, based upon our prior rigorous statistical research in ROC analysis on large datasets with data dependence. Second, only based on such SEs, can the one-classifier and two-classifier significance testing in statistics be carried out to provide quantitative information in terms of the significance level, i.e., p-value, while dealing with evaluation and comparison of classifiers. In comparison, the positive correlation coefficient must be taken into account, which is computed using a synchronized resampling algorithm; otherwise, the likelihood of detecting the statistical significance of difference between the performance levels of two classifiers can be wrongly reduced.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE TIME HEADWAYS

The properties of vehicle time headways are fundamental in many traffic engineering applications, such as capacity and level of service studies on highways, unsignalized intersections and roundabouts. The operation of modern vehicle-actuated traffic signals is based on the measurement of time headways in the arriving traffic flow. In addition, the vehicle generation in traffic flow simulation is usually based on some theoretical vehicle time headway model. The procedures presented here give a scientific foundation to identify and estimate statistical models for vehicle time headways and to test the goodness-of-it fit. It is shown that the statistical methods in the analysis of vehicle headways should be thoroughly revised following the guidelines presented here.
Does the Brain Drain Effect Really Exist? A Meta-Analysis

Smartphones have become an indispensable part of everyday life. Given the current debate about the use of smartphones in classrooms and schools, it seems appropriate to examine their effects on aspects of cognitive performance in more detail. Ward and colleagues not only demonstrated the negative effect of smartphones on cognitive performance but also showed that the mere presence of these devices can have this effect—this is known as the Brain Drain effect. In the present article, a meta-analytic approach was adopted in order to verify these findings. Here we show a significant overall negative effect of smartphone use and presence. In a database search we identified 22 studies with a total of 43 relevant effects that could be assigned to the categories “memory”, “attention”, and “general cognitive performance”. A subgroup analysis suggests that not all cognitive domains are equally affected by the negative effect of smartphones. The heterogeneity of the effects reinforces this finding. The nationality of the test subjects or the origin of the studies was identified as a further key variable. Our findings also indicate that the distracting effect of smartphones varies on the area studies and further research is necessary. In view of the present research results, it seems important that people in general, and especially children and adolescents in schools and classrooms, learn how to deal with the distracting potential of smartphones.
Dried urine spot method for detection of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in resource-limited settings: a proof of concept study

Background Among the challenges in schistosomiasis surveillance and mapping surveys is the lack of a sensitive diagnostic method especially in low transmission setting. Currently, the WHO recommends the use point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (Schisto POC-CCA) tests for surveillance and mapping of intestinal schistosomiasis. However, Schisto POC-CCA test has its drawbacks, one of which is the timely availability of test kits. One approach to overcoming this challenge is to develop a low-cost sampling method that allows for the collection and transport of urine specimens even in resource-limited settings. Objective To develop a simple and efficient method for the collection and detection of Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) CCA using urine spotted onto filter paper. Methodology To develop a dried urine spot (DUS) method, various dried matrix extraction parameters were tested and optimized using predesigned steps. The parameters include the size of filter paper (determined by the number of punches), volume of solvents, and type of solvent. Moreover, we optimized the incubation conditions (time and temperature). Urine and stool specimens to conduct the experiments were collected from volunteer fishermen in Mwanza and this project staff. Data were entered into the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20 for analysis. Results The optimal results were obtained when the procedure was run under the following conditions: Five punches of filter paper containing DUS were dissolved in 150 µl of distilled water and incubated at room temperature for 24 hours in an Eppendorf tube. More than 93% of the assays performed under these conditions produced results that were either comparable to or significantly better than the standard method. Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility of collecting urine specimen (DUS) using filter paper and detecting Schistosoma CCA from DUS specimen using the Schisto POC-CCA cassette test.
Multi-Clinical Factors Combined with an Artificial Intelligence Algorithm Diagnosis Model for HIV-Infected People with Bloodstream Infection

Purpose Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HA-ART) can effectively suppress the disease process in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), opportunistic infections, mainly bloodstream infections (BSI), are still the main cause of death in people living with HIV. There is no effective diagnostic strategy for HIV-infected people with BSI. This study aimed to develop an AI diagnostic model with high sensitivity to improve the early detection of HIV-infected people with BSI. Patients and Methods This study retrospectively analyzed the 40 clinical factors of 498 HIV-infected people (171 with BSI positive and 327 with BSI negative) who admitted to Wenzhou Central Hospital from September 2014 to July 2021. This study used the hospital information management system to collect the clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging examination results, and clinical diagnosis of the two groups. The diagnostic results of all patients were in line with the diagnostic criteria of the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of AIDS (2021 Edition), and the BSI diagnosis was in line with the diagnostic criteria of sepsis and bacteremia in Practical Internal Medicine (13th Edition). On this basis, various risk prediction models were established by combining 8 artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in the training set and validating the diagnosis performance in the testing set. The model with the best diagnostic performance was selected as the final diagnostic model. Results The clinical characteristics of HIV-infected people with BSI are atypical, and the pathogens in this area are mainly fungi. Ten risk factors were selected: low level of hemoglobin, CD4+T cell and platelets, high level of lactate dehydrogenase and blood urea nitrogen, splenomegaly, without ART treatment, strip shadow, nodular shadow, and shock. The combination of the ten risk factors, age, gender and the “svmRadial” model can identify the HIV-infected people with BSI from the HIV-infected people without BSI with an area under the curve of 0.916 and a sensitivity and specificity of 0.824 and 0.855, respectively. Conclusion The model showed excellent performance in diagnosing HIV-infected people with BSI. Internal and external validation showed that the diagnosis model had high clinical application value.
An Australian Phanerozoic timescale

Section One: Overview. 1.1: Introduction. 1.2: The Phanerozoic Timescale. 1.3: Biochronology. 1.4: Isotopic Geochronology. 1.5: Magnetostratigraphy. 1.6: Numerical Callibration of Major Phanerozoic Boundaries. Section Two: Explanatory Notes on Biostratigraphic Charts. 2.1: Cambrian. 2.2: Ordovician. 2.3: Silurian. 2.4: Devonian. 2.5: Carboniferous. 2.6: Permian. 2.7: Triassic. 2.8: Jurassic. 2.9: Cretaceous. 2.10: Cainozoic. 2.11: Quaternary Foraminifera Biostratigraphy. Section Three: Bibliography
The Burden of Skin Cancers in Saudi Arabia Through 2011-2022

Introduction Skin cancers are classified into melanoma and non-melanoma or keratinocyte cancers. No recent data are found about the epidemiology of skin cancers in Saudi Arabia. The current study aims to determine the burden of skin cancer in the last 11 years from 2011 to 2022. Methods Patients who were diagnosed with any type of skin cancer were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis was conducted based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Different variables like age, type of cancer, type of lesions, and treatment approach used were measured. Results A total of 91 patients were diagnosed with skin cancers during the study period. The head and neck were the most common sites for skin cancers. Only 4/91 cases reported invasive melanoma. Both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (34/91) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (28/91) were found to be the most reported skin cancers. Other cancers including mycosis fungoides (MF) (10/91), Kaposi’s sarcoma (6/91), and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) (5/91) were also detected. The rest of the detected tumors were rarely detected. Aggressive CD4+/CD4+/CD8+ MF was more prevalent than CD3+/CD4+/CD8- MF cancer cases. CD34+ /S100- DFSP cancers were evident in most of the DFSP cases. Human herpes virus 8 was detected in all Kaposi’s sarcoma cases and all of them were HIV-confirmed cases. Surgical treatment was the most frequently used approach to treat skin cancers, followed by phototherapy (9.9%), surgical/radiotherapy (5.5%), surgical/chemotherapy (4.4%), chemotherapy (3.3%), and then chemoradiotherapy immunotherapy (1.1%). Conclusion The incidences of SCC and BCC are relatively high in comparison to other types of skin cancers with the surgical intervention being most frequently used.
A NEW EVALUATION OF EARLIER PUNCHING SHEAR TESTS

In this article a new evaluation has been made of the results of 233 separate punching shear tests carried out during 14 pervious investigations. From these results, three very simple empirical expressions have been derived that enable the strength in punching shear of footings and slabs with or without separate shearing reinforcement in the form of inclined bars, stirrups or "shear heads" to be estimated. An example is given of the application of the expressions. /TRRL/