Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Onion yield in organic system using organic compost of swine manure

The study was carried out in Oratorios, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, with objective of evaluating the plant nutritional state, yield and nutrients extraction by onion, cv. CNPH 6400, in organic system, submitted to rates of organic compost of swine manure. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with four replications and the treatments consisted of five rates of organic compost (0, 10; 20; 30 and 60 t ha-1). The seedlings were transplanted on the 49th day after the sowing (DAS). Plants were harvested on 168 DAS and the maximum yield of marketable bulbs was 60.3 t ha-1, obtained with 43.4 t ha-1 of organic compost. The maximum yield of bulbs Class 3 was 33.346 kg ha-1, obtained with 32 t ha-1 of organic compost. In the Class 4 the yield was increasing and the Class 2 presented decreasing with the rates. The maximum yield of dry matter of bulbs was of 6.271 kg ha-1, obtained with 46 t ha-1. With 43 t ha-1 of organic compost, the export of nutrients by bulbs would be 116.65 kg ha-1 of N; 22.71 kg ha-1 of P; 117.65 kg ha-1 of K; 19.47 kg ha-1 of Ca; 8.31 kg ha-1 of Mg and 19.94 kg ha-1 of S. The application of 43 t ha-1 of organic compost is enough to obtain onion bulbs with great quality and yield. The cv. CNPH 6400 can be recommended for the organic system.
Execution of Real-time Wide Area Monitoring System with Big Data Functions and Practices

Wide Area Monitoring and Smart Automation (WAMSA), is today’s innovative research area under smart grid execution to overcome real-time protection difficulties. Modern communications and information processing technologies offer outstanding real-time benefits. The development of big data applications and satellite uplinks are rapidly changing. Several new measurement devices are being incorporated into an advanced smart grid metering infrastructure. In this process, PMUs can sense, converting signals from voltage and current into digital form under real-time wide-area monitoring systems. In modern power systems real-time applications point of view, big data analytics are playing a vital role with a rising technological concept that contains smart electricity facilities, for instance, smart power control, energy utilization, and management. Initially, it emphasized that smart grids, modern data analytics, massive-scale information control, and reliable monitoring methods with the extreme size of data. This paper summarizes the PMU setup and installation overview in the Unified Real-time Dynamic State Measurement project (URTDSM) with the Synchrophasor based wide-area monitoring system in India. The novelty of this paper is to focus on big data potential functions and practices like fault detection, transient stability, load forecasting, and power quality monitoring into real-time wide-area monitoring.
Life Cycle Assessment on the Mobility Service E-Scooter Sharing

E-scooters are controversially discussed as a new mobility alternative for cities. The rapid growth of the shared use e-scooter market has raised questions about environmental sustainability and public benefits in many cities worldwide. The high dynamics of the market and insufficient public data available about the concrete business processes of shared e- scooters are making clear statements about the ecological effects difficult. The paper aims to conduct a life cycle assessment using Berlin as an example for shared e- scooters. Based on different operating scenarios, the ecological potentials of e-scooters should be assessed in a more differentiated way. The results show how product lifetimes, swappable batteries, alternative collection logistics and charging concepts influence the greenhouse balance compared to alternative means of transport.
Determinants of market production of cooking banana in Nigeria

The factors that influence farmers' decisions to produce cooking banana for market in southeast Nigeria were examined. Data were collected from a random sample of 217 farmers through the use of a structured questionnaire. Results of the study indicate that about 80% of the farmers interviewed produce cooking banana both for household consumption and for sale. The proportion of cooking banana sold ranged from 10% to 90% with an average of 45%. Thus, cooking banana performs the dual role of providing food for the households, as well as being an additional source of cash income. Tobit regression analysis revealed that the price and the ripening stage at sale of cooking banana, as well as the presence of middlemen in the marketing chain were the most important determinants of the proportion of cooking banana planted for market. This indicates that cooking banana growers readily respond to market forces. Age and gender ownership of cooking banana also influenced the proportion of the crop planted for market. Increased involvement of wholesalers and processors in the marketing chain of the crop will probably enhance its market in the region. RESUME Cette etude a examine les facteurs qui influencent la decision du paysan de produire la banane a cuire pour le marche dans le sud-est du Nigeria. Les resultats de l'etude montrent qu'environ 80% de paysans interroges produisent la banane a cuire a la fois pour l'autoconsommation et pour la vente. La part destinee au marche varie entre 10% et 90% avec une moyenne de 45%. Ces resultats suggerent que la banane a cuire sert autant de nourriture que de source de revenu monetaire pour le paysan. Les resultats de l'analyse de regression indiquent que la decision de produire la banane a cuire pour le marche depend surtout du prix, de la presence d'intermediaires dans le circuit de commercialisation ainsi que du stade de maturation du fruit au moment de la vente. Ceci signifie que le paysan repond positivement aux forces du marche dans la production de la banane a cuire. L'âge et le sexe du proprietaire de la banane a cuire influencent egalement la proportion de la production destinee au marche. Une intervention accrue des grossistes et des transformateurs dans le circuit de commercialisation de la banane a cuire contribuerait a accroitre l'importance commerciale de cette culture dans la region. (African Crop Science Journal 2001 9(3): 537-548)
An Ultrastructural Study of Lentomonas applanatum (Preisig) N. G. (Euglenida)

ABSTRACT. Lentomonas applanatum (syn. Entosiphon applanatum Preisig) is a biflagellate, phagotrophic euglenid found in intertidal salt marshes. Lentomonas applanatum bears a superficial similarity to Entosiphon sulcatum, however, an ultrastructural study of L. applanatum revealed many features that are atypical for other described species of the genus Entosiphon. These features include number and organization of pellicular strips, construction of the feeding apparatus, nature of the flagellar transition zone and flagellar apparatus, and point of flagellar emergence. These differences show that L. applanatum is related more closely to phagotrophic genera such as Ploeotia than to E. sulcatum. The construction of the feeding apparatus and pellicle suggest that L. applanatum has retained many of the pleisiomorphic characters that were present in the earliest euglenids. The presence of similar structures in other related protists may provide important clues as to the evolution of the Euglenida.
Effect of Season on Broiler Performance and Sustainability of Broiler Production

ABSTRACT Data obtained from four different capacity housings were evaluated to analyze cultural energy and performance of broilers according to seasons. Capacities of housing were 20,000, 25,000, 30,000 and 60,000 birds per production period, and starting date on feeding was used for assignment to seasons. Accordingly, seasons were classified as winter (December through February), spring (March through May), summer (June through August), and fall (September through November). Production periods included year 2005 in which there were six production periods from each housing. Data collected consisted of starting and finishing dates of production period; number of chicks entered and broilers sold; liveweight at slaughter; carcass weight; feed consumption for starting, growing, and finishing period; labor; medication, vaccination, and disinfectant; electricity consumption; heating and cooling methods, and amount spent; distance for transportation of feed, chicks, broilers, woodshaving, limestone; and other miscellaneous expenditures. During the experimental period of 45 days, chickens received commercial broiler diet and water ad libitum. For cultural energy analysis, feed, transportation, labor, machinery, electricity, brooding, and other inputs were calculated and corresponding values for each input were obtained from literature. For analysis, it was assumed that carcass content would have 18.2% protein and 15.2% fat. Total cultural energy invested in broilers in summer was lower than in other seasons (P < 0.04). Energy input per kg live weight gain and per kg carcass of summer were lower than that of winter (P < 0.02 and P < 0.01, respectively). Summer had lower cultural energy ratio for protein energy output than winter (P < 0.01). Energy output ratio, defined as kcal input/kcal output, was better for summer than winter (P < 0.01). Results of the study show that raising broilers in summer is more sustainable than in winter and higher liveweight gain is not always more sustainable in terms of cultural energy use.
Feeding Response to Tea Saponin in Chicks Given Diet Selection

In order to evaluate the involvement of taste in the decreased feed intake due to tea saponin, the preference for a diet containing saponin or cholesterol was studied in chicks given diet selection. When chicks were fed the basal diet added with 1% saponin ad libitum for 4-6h, feed intake decreased within 2h and the decrease in feed intake was became severer with time. Chicks given the choice between the basal and saponin-added diets for 12h selected the basal diet exclusively during 4-12h, but there were no significant differences in feed intake between the two diets during the first 4h. Chicks preferred the basal diet to the saponin-added iet when the two-choice preference test was prolonged to 8d. However, there were large individual differences in the feeding response among chicks; some chicks selected the basal diet from the start of the test, but others needed more time to select the basal diet. These individual differences were disappeared with fixing the feeder positions rather than changing the feeder positions every day. The deleterious effect due to tea saponin did not occur when equal amounts of cholesterol were supplemented to the saponin-added iet. However, chicks did not show the special preference for cholesterol, when they were given the choice between the basal diet and a diet containing 1% cholesterol for 12h or between the basal diet and a diet containing saponin plus cholesterol at 1% levels for 8d. These results suggest hat chicks can recognize the presence of saponin, but taste is not a major determinant responsible for the depression in feed intake due to saponin.
Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting

material for a typical three-credit course. ” For the second edition (2E), the author has added a coauthor and appended  ve new chapters to the eight chapters of the 1E. The additional 170 pages should result in adequate additional material to  ll up all of the time for any three-credit course. The  rst of the new chapters is Chapter 9, “Polytomous Logistic Regression. ” It extends the logistic regression model to more than two categories, where the categories are unordered. Most of the chapter is devoted to the extension to three categories. Chapter 10, “Ordinal Logistic Regression,” provides the complementary extension to more than two ordered categories. Chapter 11, “Logistic Regression for Correlated Data: GEE,” makes the extension from dichotomous responses to correlated response situations by using the popular generalized estimating equations (GEE) methodology. The chapter looks at various correlation structures and develops score equations for each of them. Chapter 12, “GEE Examples,” presents three different case studies. The objectives in these presentations include determining odds ratios, calculating con dence intervals, doing statistical tests, evaluating different correlation structures, and comparing the GEE procedures with conventional logistic regression analysis. Chapter 13, “Other Approaches for Analysis of Correlated Data,” discusses the alternating logistic regression algorithm, conditional logistic regression, and generalized mixed models. The book continues the approach from the 1E of not interfacing any computer applications within the text. The 10-page Appendix on computer datasets in the 1E has now been extended to 55 pages of material on the use of SAS, SPSS, and STATA. Apparently these authors have not yet been converted to S-PLUS. There is more coverage for SAS than the other two packages. Computer code and outputs are included for all three packages. The book’s limited bibliography provides no reference for two principal competitors for this book; the similarly health-oriented book by Hosmer and Lemeshow (1999), reported by Ziegel (2001); and the new book by Myers et al. (2002), reviewed by Ziegel (2002), which focuses on both engineering and science applications. If the “self-learning text” approach sounds appealing, you might check out the review by Carpenter (1997) of the author’s similar effort on methods of survival analysis (Kleinbaum 1996).
Extra dimensions and nonlinear equations

Solutions of nonlinear multi-component Euler–Monge partial differential equations are constructed in n spatial dimensions by dimension-doubling, a method that completely linearizes the problem. Nonlocal structures are an essential feature of the method. The Euler–Monge equations may be interpreted as a boundary theory arising from a linearized bulk system such that all boundary solutions follow from simple limits of those for the bulk.
Home ranges of ship rats in a small New Zealand forest as revealed by trapping and tracking

Abstract The home ranges of 5 ship rats (Rattus r. rattus L.) in a small forest area near Palmerston North were determined for 7 months by concurrent cage-trapping and smoked paper tracking. Baited tracking platforms were over 20 times as effective as cage-trapping in obtaining location data, and home ranges revealed by tracking were on average 5 times the area of trap-revealed home ranges. All the rats were to some extent cage-trap shy. However, although cage-traps could not supply useful information on range boundaries or swift acknowledgment of boundary changes, centres of activity calculated from trap data were comparable with those from tracking data. Tracking rates of individuals were variable; it would be risky to assume that they accurately reflected intensity of use of any area over short periods or when rats may have been competing for baits. The rats had stable home ranges; 3 females had ranges predominantly exclusive to each other. The progressive removal of individuals from the study area eff.
Comparison of Species Composition and Richness of Fish Assemblages in Altered and Unaltered Littoral Habitats

ABSTRACT Species composition and richness of fish assemblages in altered and unaltered littoral habitats in Lake St. Clair, Michigan, differed between areas. A percid-cyprinid-cyprinodontid assemblage dominated in the unaltered area, Muscamoot Bay, which has a natural shoreline (with almost no alteration due to dredging or bulkheading), high water quality, and high species richness of aquatic macrophytes. A centrarchid assemblage dominated in the altered area, Belvidere Bay, which has a bulkheaded shoreline, many dredged areas, reduced water quality due to inputs of nutrients from a nearby river, and relatively low species richness of aquatic macrophytes. Habitat factors, species richness and abundance of aquatic macrophytes, had the most influence on fish community structure in both areas. The percid-cyprinid-cyprinodontid assemblage was significantly correlated with six species of macrophytes whereas the centrarchid assemblage was significantly correlated with only four. These patterns suggested that pr.
Movement of St. Louis encephalitis virus in the Western United States, 2014- 2018

St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is a flavivirus that circulates in an enzootic cycle between birds and mosquitoes and can also infect humans to cause febrile disease and sometimes encephalitis. Although SLEV is endemic to the United States, no activity was detected in California during the years 2004 through 2014, despite continuous surveillance in mosquitoes and sentinel chickens. In 2015, SLEV-positive mosquito pools were detected in Maricopa County, Arizona, concurrent with an outbreak of human SLEV disease. SLEV-positive mosquito pools were also detected in southeastern California and Nevada in summer 2015. From 2016 to 2018, SLEV was detected in mosquito pools throughout southern and central California, Oregon, Idaho, and Texas. To understand genetic relatedness and geographic dispersal of SLEV in the western United States since 2015, we sequenced four historical genomes (3 from California and 1 from Louisiana) and 26 contemporary SLEV genomes from mosquito pools from locations across the western US. Bayesian phylogeographic approaches were then applied to map the recent spread of SLEV. Three routes of SLEV dispersal in the western United States were identified: Arizona to southern California, Arizona to Central California, and Arizona to all locations east of the Sierra Nevada mountains. Given the topography of the Western United States, these routes may have been limited by mountain ranges that influence the movement of avian reservoirs and mosquito vectors, which probably represents the primary mechanism of SLEV dispersal. Our analysis detected repeated SLEV introductions from Arizona into southern California and limited evidence of year-to-year persistence of genomes of the same ancestry. By contrast, genetic tracing suggests that all SLEV activity since 2015 in central California is the result of a single persistent SLEV introduction. The identification of natural barriers that influence SLEV dispersal enhances our understanding of arbovirus ecology in the western United States and may also support regional public health agencies in implementing more targeted vector mitigation efforts to protect their communities more effectively.
Everyday Life Construction, Outdoor Activity and Health Practice among Urban Empty Nesters and Their Companion Dogs in Guangzhou, China

In this paper, we argue that research on the everyday life of older people needs to move beyond anthropocentrism because non-human support contributes to the diversity of their social networks. We elaborate this argument by examining how companion dogs are involved in the urban empty-nest family in Guangzhou (an aging and highly urbanized city in China), the building of multispecies kinships by urban empty nesters in later life and improving the health of urban empty nesters. Participatory observations and 20 in-depth interviews were combined to assess the association between dog ownership and the reconstruction of later life. Specifically, we focus on the co-disciplined pursuit of outdoor activities by urban empty nesters and their companion dogs; this pursuit represents a shared leisure practice that maintains multispecies kinship and is a creative way for older individuals to improve their happiness and physical functioning. This paper provides a relational and reflective understanding of the interaction between the urban empty nesters and companion dogs and the implications of this interaction in the urban leisure space.
Illusory gender-equality paradox, math self-concept, and frame-of-reference effects: New integrative explanations for multiple paradoxes.

Gender-equality paradoxes (GEPs) posit that gender gaps in math self-concepts (MSCs) are larger-not smaller-in countries with greater gender equality. These paradoxical results suggest that efforts to improve gender equality might be counterproductive. However, we show that this currently popular explanation of gender differences is an illusory, epi-phenomenon (485,490 students, 18,292 schools, 68 countries/regions). Between-country (absolute) measures of gender equality are confounded with achievement and socioeconomic-status; tiny GEPs disappear when controlling achievement and socioeconomic-status. Critically, even without controls GEPs are not supported when using true gender-gap measures-within-country (relative) female-male differences, that hold many confounds constant. This absolute/relative-gap distinction is more important than the composite/domain-specific distinction for understanding why even tiny GEPs are illusory. Recent developments in academic self-concept theory are relevant to GEPs and gender differences, but also explain other, related paradoxes. The big-fish little pond effect posits that attending schools with high school-average math achievements leads to lower MSCs. Extending this theoretical model to the country-level, we show that countries with high country-average math achievements also have lower MSCs. Dimensional comparison theory predicts that MSCs are positively predicted by math achievements but negatively predicted by verbal achievements. Extending this theoretical model, we show that girls' low MSCs are due more to girls' high verbal achievements that detract from their MSCs than to their low math achievements. In support of the pan-human wide generalizability of our findings, our cross-national results generalize over 68 country/regions as well as multiple math self-belief constructs (self-efficacy, anxiety, interest, utility, future plans) and multiple gender-equality measures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Diversity of fungal endophytes in some medicinal plants of Himachal Pradesh, India

Fungal endophytes were isolated from surface sterilised leaf segments of five medicinal plants collected from Mandi district, Himachal Pradesh, India. A total of 373 fungal strains belonging to 15 fungal genera and 18 species, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. clavatus, A. variecolor, Penicillium chrsogenum, Alternaria alternata, Curvularia lunata, Haplosporium sp. , Phoma sp. , Nigrospora sp. , Colletotrichum sp. , Cladosporium sp. , Stemphylium sp. , Fusarium sp. , Geotrichum sp. , Phomopsis sp. , Trichoderma sp. , Rhizopus sp. and some sterile mycelium were isolated from all the plants. The relative frequency, isolation rate and colonisation rates of endophytes were used to study the endophytic diversity. The results showed that the highest colonisation rate (93.05%) was observed in Adhathoda vasica, while it was 91.66% in Ocimum sanctum, 85% in Viola odorata, 82.81% Cannabis sativa and lowest (61.11%) in Withania somnifera. Moreover, reading the richness and diversity of the endophytic fungi, the highest was obtained for O. sanctum, W. somnifera and C. sativa having eight species each, while lowest (6 and 4) was obtained from A. vasica and V. odorata, respectively. As the role of endophytic organisms in defensive mechanisms of plants is now well established, the present study is an important step to find new and interesting endophytes among the medicinal plants.
Geographical ecology of South American desert small mammals: consequences of observations at local and regional scales

Five major drylands in South American display very low levels of faunal similarity. The remarkable consistency of faunal structure, however, suggests that it may be possible to extend earlier conclusions based only on the mammal fauna of the Altiplano and the Atacama Desert to all of South America's arid lands.