Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inulin-type Fructans Protect Against High Fat-sucrose Diet-induced Gestational Diabetes Mice in Association with Gut Microbiota Regulation

Background: Inulin-type fructans have been used as prebiotics to alleviate glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. However, few studies evaluate the microbial mechanism of inulin in improving maternal metabolic status during pregnancy. Methods: We use high fat-sucrose diet-induced gestational diabetes mice as a model to study the effect of inulin-type fructans on the cecal microbiota by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results: The inulin-type fructans-supplemented diet improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorder parameters in high-fat/sucrose diet (HFD) induced gestational diabetes mice, alleviating fat accumulation and glucose intolerance. The α diversity of gut microbial community of HFD mice was reduced after inulin treatment, while the β diversity tended to return to the level of normal chow diet (NCD) mice. Interestingly, Verrucomicrobia, Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia were obviously enriched, while Dubosiella was obviously lessened after inulin treatment. Further analysis indicated that Dubosiella was positively correlated with markers of glycolipid metabolism disorders, whereas the inulin-type fructans-supplemented diet partially reversed the changes. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the inulin-type fructans-supplemented diet alleviates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders mediated by gut microbiota.
Diurnal fluctuations in vertical distribution of chemical composition in a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) sward during the season.

The quantity and quality of milk is related to the amount and quality of ingested herbage, which is a function of the chemical composition of the grass and of factors such as herbage allowance and bite depth. The objective of this study was to compare the concentrations of protein, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of two cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) at different canopy heights during the day, and during the growing season. On 17 July, 9 August and 4 September, the total aboveground biomass of two cultivars was harvested at 8:00, 15:00 and 20:30 h. The canopy was cut into layers at 5, 10 and 15 cm from ground level in the laboratory. Concentrations of protein, NDF and WSC were determined and no differences among cultivars were observed. The protein concentration did not differ during the day, but the NDF and WSC concentrations did fluctuate, NDF being higher and WSC lower in the morning compared to the evening. The protein concentration had a steep gradient with canopy height, being highest in the top layer. The WSC concentration also had a gradient with canopy height, but there was an interaction with season. In July the WSC concentration was highest in the stubble, but in September it was lowest in the stubble (0-5 cm). The largest increase in WSC concentration during the day was observed in the top layer (> 15 cm).
Tectonic evolution of the Caledonian orogeny in Scotland: a review based on the timing of magmatism, metamorphism and deformation

Abstract Classic tectonic models for the Caledonian orogeny in Scotland involve Ordovician collision of Laurentia–Midland Valley arc (Grampian orogeny), followed by middle Silurian collision of Laurentia–Baltica (Scandian orogeny) and 500–700 km of sinistral displacement along the Great Glen fault separating the Northern Highlands (Moine Supergroup) from the Grampian Highlands (Dalradian Supergroup). A review of the timing of magmatic and metamorphic rocks across Scotland allows a simpler explanation that fits with a classic Himalayan-style continent–island arc–continent collision. Late Cambrian – Early Ordovician NW-directed ophiolite obduction (Highland Border complex) coincided with the ending of stable continental shelf sedimentation along the eastern margin of Laurentia. Following collision between Laurentia and the Midland Valley arc–microcontinent in Early Ordovician time, crustal thickening and shortening led to almost continuous regional metamorphism from c. 470 to 420 Ma, rather than two discrete ‘orogenies’ (Grampian, Scandian). U–Pb monazite and garnet growth ages indicating prograde metamorphism, and S-type granites related to melting of crustal protoliths are coeval in the Grampian and Northern Highlands terranes. There is no evidence that the Great Glen fault was a terrane boundary, and strike-slip shearing post-dated emplacement of Silurian – Early Devonian granites. Late orogenic alkaline granites (c. 430–405 Ma) in both Moine and Dalradian terranes are not associated with subduction. They are instead closely related to regional alkaline appinite–lamprophyric magmatism resulting from simultaneous melting of lower crust and enriched lithospheric mantle. Caledonian deformation and metamorphism in northern Scotland, with continuous SE-directed subduction, show geometry and time scales that are comparable to the Cenozoic India–Kohistan arc–Asia collisional Himalayan orogeny.
New approach to high voltage electrodynamic drum separator. Part I : Theoretical model

Electric field has a lot of applications in technology. One of them is electrodynamic separation : electric field influences selectively granular solids of different electric moments or charges. A mathematical model of the separation process in the high voltage drum separator is presented in the paper. Particles are charged both with induction and corona phenomena: next, they are separated with field forces. The computational results are presented and analysed.
ON THE WAY FROM STRADDLED TO STRETCHED TKATCHEV ON HIGH BAR

Reversing the direction of rotation is the main issue for the flight element Tkatchev on high bar. The principles are well described. There is a lack of knowledge to apply this to motor learning. Aim of the study is to analyse an individual gymnast’s performance and support the change from straddled to stretched Tkatchev. An instrumented high bar (force measurement) was used to give the gymnast immediately feedback about the performance. The gymnast was informed about the magnitude of the force maxima during the preparatory giant swing. After 5 training sessions with 42 trails the gymnast transferred more energy (higher forces) to the bar. But this results not in a higher angular momentum during the Tkatchev flight. Possible causes for this result where discussed. The complex demands on energy transfer and precise performance are important.
Cointegration analysis of the impact of Azerbaijan and Ukraine GDPs on the trade turnover between these countries

This article studies the integration processes between Azerbaijan and Ukraine by using the indicators of the integratedness of the GDPs of these countries and of the trade turnover between them. The annual data from 1994 to 2018 are studied as the period of monitoring. All the studied time series are nonstationary, and in passing to the time series of differences, they retain only the information corresponding to short-term changes in their dynamics; while information about long-term changes in the process, contained in those levels of variables that are lost in the transition to differences, is lost. Therefore, problems of correct modelling of the corresponding time series, of which components lead to departure from stationarity, arise. The article uses the econometric methodology of the gravity modelling of the correlation between non-stationary time series. In the modelling, econometric methods, all the necessary step-by-step statistical procedures to determine the order of integratedness of the nonstationary time series, to identify the assessment of the parameters of the model and to check its adequacy and the accuracy of short-term and long-term predicted values are correctly used by applying Excel tools and the Eviews package. The departure of empirical tests from the trend is analyzed. The constructed dynamic analogue of the gravity model enables to qualitatively predict the status of integration of the foreign trade of the studied two countries. Based on the constructed model, econometrically sound recommendations that enable a dynamic analysis of effective regulation of the export and import transactions Received: August, 2020 1st Revision: February, 2021 Accepted: September, 2021 DOI: 10.14254/20718330.2021/14-3/18 Journal of International Studies S ci en ti fi c P a pe rs © Foundation of International Studies, 2021 © CSR, 2021 Elshar Orudzhev, Arzu Alizade Cointegration analysis of the impact of Azerbaijan and Ukraine GDPs on the trade . 275 between these countries by the governments to balance the mutual trade have been developed.
Feasibility of energy harvesting from vertical pedestrian‐induced vibrations of footbridges for smart monitoring applications

The present work is meant at contributing to the innovation of the current methodologies for pedestrian bridge monitoring. Specifically, the use of vibrational energy harvesters for self‐powered wireless structural monitoring of footbridges is here advanced for the first time, and a novel sensorless strategy is also proposed to survey remotely their serviceability conditions. In this perspective, comprehensive computer‐aided numerical investigations are initially conducted to obtain statistical estimates of the electrical energy generated from a composite piezoelectric cantilever beam subjected to the vertical footbridge response under the passage of walkers. In doing so, randomness related to the pedestrians' dynamics and footbridges with different modal features are taken into account. An investigation based on experimental data is finally presented. In detail, one case study is concerned with a footbridge prone to large vibrations due to quasi pedestrian–structure resonance condition while the second one deals with a stiffer footbridge experiencing low excitation levels. Ultimately, this study indicates that energy harvesting from vertical pedestrian‐induced vibrations can be a promising strategy for footbridges monitoring, and it provides useful design guidelines in this regard.
Antimicrobial Peptides-Coated Stainless Steel for Fighting Biofilms Formation for Food and Medical Fields: Review of Literature

Emerging technology regarding antimicrobial coatings contributes to fighting the challenge of pathogenic bacterial biofilms in medical and agri-food environments. Stainless steel is a material widely used in those fields since it has satisfying mechanical properties, but it, unfortunately, lacks the required bio-functionality, rendering it vulnerable to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Therefore, this review aims to present the coatings developed by employing biocides grafted on stainless steel. It also highlights antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)used to coat stainless steel, particularly nisin, which is commonly accepted as a safe alternative to prevent pathogenic biofilm development.
S-domain methods for simultaneous time and frequency characterization of electromagnetic devices

An efficient procedure is developed for simultaneously characterizing the time-domain and frequency-domain behavior of electromagnetic devices. The procedure works in the complex-frequency plane called the s-domain-and provides an analytical expression for the behavior of the device at any frequency and for any transient excitation. This analytical expression is obtained by first evaluating a reduced-order model of the poles and zeros of the device. These poles and zeros are then used to characterize the device in terms of rational polynomials in the s-domain. Two different methods for evaluating reduced-order models are presented. One is called asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE) and is combined with the finite-element method; the other is called adaptive Lanzcos-Pade sweep (ALPS) and is combined with the boundary-element method. The resulting reduced-order models provide the frequency-domain behavior of the device over a broad bandwidth. Using the Laplace transform, these reduced-order models also provide the time-domain behavior. Several numerical examples have been run using commercial electronic design automation (EDA) software to demonstrate that this solution procedure is a highly efficient and accurate way to characterize the electromagnetic performance of real-life devices.
Determine the Land-Use Land-Cover Changes, Urban Expansion and Their Driving Factors for Sustainable Development in Gazipur Bangladesh

At present, urbanization is a very common phenomenon around the world, especially in developing countries, and has a significant impact on the land-use/land-cover of specific areas, producing some unwanted effects. Bangladesh is a tightly inhabited country whose urban population is increasing every day due to the expansion of infrastructure and industry. This study explores the land-use/land-cover change detection and urban dynamics of Gazipur district, Bangladesh, a newly developed industrial hub and city corporation, by using satellite imagery covering every 10-year interval over the period from 1990 to 2020. Supervised classification with a maximum likelihood classifier was used to gather spatial and temporal information from Landsat 5 (TM), 7 (ETM+) and 8 (OLI/TIRS) images. The Geographical Information System (GIS) methodology was also employed to detect changes over time. The kappa coefficient ranged between 0.75 and 0.90. The agricultural land was observed to be shrinking very rapidly, with an area of 716 km2 in 2020. Urbanization increased rapidly in this area, and the urban area grew by more than 500% during the study period. The urbanized area expanded along major roads such as the Dhaka–Mymensingh Highway and Dhaka bypass road. The urbanized area was, moreover, concentrated near the boundary line of Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. Urban expansion was found to be influenced by demographic-, economic-, location- and accessibility-related factors. Therefore, similarly to many countries, concrete urban and development policies should be formulated to preserve the environment and, thereby, achieve sustainable development goal (SDG) 11 (sustainable cities and communities).
Capacitance Recovery in Neutron-Irradiated Silicon Diodes by Majority and Minority Carrier Trapping

Majority and minority carrier trapping has been studied in neutron-irradiated silicon diodes by transient junction capacitance recovery as well as by capacitance-versus-frequency and pulsed field effect techniques. After exposure to damaging radiation, trapping results in a transient time dependence of depletion layer width which may determine the survivability of depletion layer devices in a radiation environment. Majority carrier traps have been found in n-type neutron-irradiated silicon at Ec -0.36 eV and in p-type silicon at Ev + 0.30 eV. The capture cross sections for both types of traps are of the order of 10-15 cm2. Following a burst of damaging radiation, traps with unequilibrated charge exist with concentration roughly an order of magnitude larger than observed in equilibrium. These unequilibrated states relax slowly via the majority carrier band but quite rapidly when minority carriers are deliberately injected. Capacitance-voltage characteristics of neutron-irradiated junctions recovered by minority carrier injection show that recovery occurs only within a diffusion length of the metallurgical junction. Capacitance and lifetime recovery effects can be qualitatively interpreted in terms of the Gossick model for the disordered region spacecharge layer modified to include minority, as well as majority, carrier trapping. Recovery in this model is attributed to a shrinking of the disordered region space-charge layer.
Solution‐Processed Chemically Non‐Destructive Filter Transfer of Carbon‐Nanotube Thin Films onto Arbitrary Materials

Filter‐transfer methods of single‐walled carbon‐nanotube (SWNT) thin films have been widely employed to fabricate state‐of‐the‐art electronics and photonics devices with highly transparent and conductive electrodes; however, a challenge remains for all solution‐processable technologies to overcome substrates’ destruction due to their solvent incompatibility. Here, an advanced method of transferring SWNT thin films onto arbitrary material substrates by adopting chemically stable and flexible polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes is reported. Filtrated SWNT thin films on PTFE membranes (PTFE@SWNTs) press‐freely adhere to not only flat but curved substrates by their solvent‐wettability and flexibility natures, and are spontaneously transferred after low‐temperature evaporation of the wet solvents and peeling of the PTFE membrane. SWNT thin films transferred onto polyethylene terephthalate films show sheet resistance values of ≈400 Ω □−1 at ≈90% transmittance, which are drastically decreased to ≈50 Ω □−1 at ≈65% from ≈100 Ω □−1 at ≈80%. The wet solvents are suitably displaced based on solvent‐compatibility experiments with the substrates. Topically, it is demonstrated that the solvent‐wetted PTFE@SWNT can be non‐destructively placed onto a perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) substrate via the as‐displaced various organic solvents. A pre‐doping process of PTFE@SWNTs is possible by using a HNO3 aqueous solution. The HNO3‐doped SWNT thin film is successfully transferred onto the perovskite substrate.
Bayesian Seismic AVO Inversion Using a Laterally Coupled Multimodal Prior Model

A Bayesian seismic amplitude versus offset (AVO) inversion scheme with a laterally coupled prior model for porosity, water saturation, and volume of clay is proposed. A 2-D section and a 3-D volume of an oil reservoir are studied. The oil reservoir is considered at the initial state, which entails gravitationally induced bimodality in the water saturations along vertical traces. A selection Gaussian random field (S-GRF) prior model, capable of representing this bimodality, is specified for porosity, water saturation, and volume of clay. The S-GRF is specified to have lateral correlation, which may reduce the impact of trace-unique signal errors in the seismic AVO data on the inversion results. The likelihood model is linear and Gaussian, for which the S-GRF prior model is conjugate; hence, the posterior model is also an S-GRF. The form of the posterior distribution is therefore known and its parameter values can be analytically computed. Real seismic AVO data from the 2-D section and the 3-D volume are inverted and the results appear to be reliable along validation wells and represent a geologically plausible reservoir design. Furthermore, a notable variance reduction in the laterally coupled posterior model relative to an alternative posterior model without lateral coupling is achieved.
Providing Data Insights to Suppliers for Product Development: Incentive Analysis of an E-Tailer

Many suppliers invest in product development for market expansion via product development efforts. However, not all suppliers have accumulated market information, which is a critical factor for efficient product development that helps suppliers know consumer preferences better. Being aware of this, some e-tailers (e.g., JD.com) provide market information and data insights for their suppliers, which improves the latter’s product development efficiency. Supported by the market information, the market potential of suppliers’ products can be enlarged and their pricing power may be strengthened, which affects e-tailers from both positive and negative aspects. Based on these observations, we investigate an e-tailer’s incentive to share market information to its suppliers by formulating the tradeoffs among market expansion, product development efficiency, and suppliers’ pricing decisions. We find that the e-tailer prefers sharing market information with its suppliers when the latter’s product development efficiency is high, or the product development efficiency is high but the efficiency improvement rate is high.
Do Board of Commisioners Characteristic and International Environmental Certification Affect Carbon Disclosure? Evidence from Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the characteristics of the board of commissioners and international environmental certification on the disclosure of carbon emissions. Populations of this study are financial and non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2015 and 2019. Panel data regression is employed to analysis data that collected from annual reports and sustainability reports of the sample companies. The results show that size of board of commissioners and the proportion of independent commissioners have a negative effect on the disclosure of carbon emissions. Gender diversity of the board of commissioners has a positive effect on the disclosure of carbon emissions, while nationality diversity and international environmental certification have no effect on the disclosure of carbon emissions
Access to technological and financial resources for SME innovation

Editorial: The contributions to this special issue of the International Journal of Technology Management are all based on selected papers presented at the European Conference on Management of Technology held at Aston University, Birmingham, UK in June 1995. This conference was held on behalf of the International Association for Management of Technology (IAMOT) and was the first of the association’s major conferences to be held outside North America. The overall theme of the conference was ‘Technological Innovation and Global Challenges’. Altogether more than 130 papers were presented within four sub-themes and twenty seven topic sessions. This special issue draws on papers within five difference topic sessions: ‘Small firm linkages’; ‘The global company’; ‘New technology based firms’; ‘Financing innovation’; ‘Technology and development’. Together they cover a wide range of issues around the common question of accessing resources for innovation in small and medium sized enterprises. They present a global perspective on this important subject with authors from The Netherlands, Canada, USA, Ireland, France, Finland, Brazil and UK. A wide range of subjects are covered including the move away from public support for innovation, the role of alliances and networks, linkages to larger enterprises and the social implications associated with small enterprise innovation in developing countries.
AIRCRAFT CONCEPTUAL DESIGN USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS

Nomenclature Aircraft design is a complex multidisciplinary process to determine aircraft configuration variables that satisfy a set of mission requirements. It is very hard for aircraft designers to foresee the consequences of changing certain variables. Furthermore, conventional optimization processes are limited by the type and number of parameters used, resulting in sub-optimal designs. The objective of this research is to test the functionality and implementation of a multidisciplinary aircraft conceptual design optimization method using an adaptive genetic algorithm (GA), as a feasible alternative to the existing sizing and optimization methods. To illustrate the approach the algorithm is used to optimize a medium range commercial aircraft, with takeoff weight as an optimization goal, subjected to constraints in performance and geometric parameters. Adaptive and traditional formulations for the handling of constraints by the GA are tested and compared. Results show the ability of the adaptive GA to unbiased search through the design space of aircraft conceptual designs, leading to more viable aircraft configurations than the traditional GA approach at reduced timeframes, with a lower cost than current aircraft design optimization procedures.