Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Age, Sex, and Breed on the Blood Biochemistry and Physiological Constants of Dogs From 4 Weeks to > 52 Weeks of Age.

Background: Blood biochemistry and reference intervals help to differentiate between healthy and ill patients as well as to provide information for the prognosis, evaluation, and monitoring of a patient; however, these intervals are often obtained from adult animals. It is essential, hence, to understand that puppies and adults are physiologically different, which justifies the need to obtain age-specific biochemical reference intervals. The aim of this research was to assess the potential effect of age, sex, breed, and interaction on routine biochemical analytes and physiological constants (body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate) in addition to establish age-specific reference intervals. In order to carry out the research, we selected 197 healthy dogs of different sex and breed classified by age: group I (4-8 wk), group II (9-24 wk), group III (25-52 wk), and group IV (>52 wk). The biochemical analysis measured the enzymatic activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides, total proteins, albumin, globulins, glucose, urea, and creatinine. Statistical analyses used the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and General Linear Model (GLM), which allows the comparison of multiple factors at two or more levels (p < 0.05). Results: The results of this study showed that ALT, total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, and body temperature levels were lower in puppies compared to adult dogs (p < 0.05) while the enzymatic activity of ALP, LDH, glucose concentration, and heart rate were higher. Moreover, in small breeds, the serum creatinine levels were lower (p < 0.05) whereas sex and interaction did not show a significant effect (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Some biochemical components evince influence by age. For this reason, this research offers specific reference intervals to help the veterinary clinician to interpret the biochemical results of puppies with accuracy.
Comparative Study of Strategic Supplementation on Enhancement of Average Milk Production of Cattle

In recent years, there has been a considerable interest in the technological interventions for enhanced livestock productivity in the Indian subcontinent, because of the increased demand for livestock products for human consumption. In India management of cows and buffaloes in villages is very poor. For the process of economic development, it is necessary that production functions should increase with the increase in milk production. Feeds and fodders are the most important inputs for milk production. About two third of the total cost of milk production is covered by the cost of feed and fodders alone (Anil Kumar and Rai, 2008) productivity potential of our livestock has not been fully exploited because of deficit feed resources and under utilization of available technologies to fill the deficiency of nutrients in their ration. For achieving the economic productivity in livestock, it is essential to enhance the feeding value of available feed resources, particularly the crop residues. The fibrous crop residues must be used in the ration of growing animals in such a way that could provide required amount of energy, protein and minerals as per International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 05 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Prevention of acute kidney injury in the clinical practice: The whole at a glance

The gradual formation and the final acceptance of a definition of acute kidney injury highlighted the importance of prevention as it contributed to the recording of its impact on the parameters of mortality, the economic burden on health systems, and the progression to chronic kidney disease. Prevention could be separated into general principles and specific clinical cases. The general principles include early diagnosis with the identification of predisposing factors and use of electronic warning and biomarker systems, adequate renal perfusion by administering fiuid and vasomotor drugs, and finally avoidance of nephrotoxicity and administration of nephroprotective drugs. More frequent clinical cases are the postoperative, and also contrast-induced acute kidney injury, which implies both assessments of contrast need and hydration depending on the level of renal function. Despite the ongoing acute kidney injury research, prevention remains the main parameter to address it and needs the utmost attention and application in clinical practice.
General Accuracy and General Error Factors in Metacognitive Monitoring and the Role of Time on Task in Predicting Metacognitive Judgments

Gutierrez et al. (2016) conducted an experiment that provided evidence for the existence of two distinct factors in metacognitive monitoring: general accuracy and general error. They found level-1 domain-specific accuracy and error factors which loaded on second-order domain-general accuracy and error factors, which then loaded on a third-order general monitoring factor. In the present study, that experiment was repeated with 170 different participants from the same population. The present study confirmed the original findings. Both studies suggest that metacognitive monitoring consists of two different types of cognitive processes: one that is associated with accurate monitoring judgments and one that is associated with error in monitoring judgments. In addition, both studies suggest domain-specific accuracy and error factors which load onto second-order domain-general accuracy and error factors. Furthermore, in this study we devised an experiment in which general accuracy and general error are treated as separate latent dimensions and found that subjects employ the same resources they use to develop accurate judgments as a “baseline” for calibrating resources necessary in erroneous judgments, but not vice-versa. This finding supports and extends previous findings which suggests that the processes involved in managing metacognitive accuracy are different from those involved in contending with metacognitive error. Future instructional interventions in metacognitive monitoring will be better focused by concentrating on improving accuracy or reducing error, but not both concurrently.
High Speed Machining

High Speed Machining is a peer-reviewed, electronic-only journal that publishes original, high-quality research results on topics broadly related to advanced technologies and systems which allow materials to be processed at very high speeds to achieve drastic improvement in both productivity and quality at equal or lower cost. In addition to a focus on the most successful and critical application of high speed end-milling of structural components in the aerospace industry, this Journal also seeks to publish original and review articles that advance productivity and quality of conventional and non-conventional material processing technologies.
Impact of Effective Information Technology Governance on Audit Technology Performance in Ghana

The notion of Industry 4.0 significantly changed the way firms’ operate and has influenced everyday life. The rapid digitalization and emergent trend of information technology (IT) transformation in firms and ample investment in IT by Ghanaian government stimulated the importance of IT-based risks and its associated controls. In addition, technology enabled the auditing and IT-related audit methods have significance when carrying out audit tasks. This study aims to investigate the effects of IT governess effectiveness on audit technology performance in the public sector of Ghana. This study used closed-ended to collect data. An online survey admitted to record 186 responses. The findings of the study stated that top management support, IT support services, and IT committee have a positive and statistically significant influence on audit technology performance. The proposed model of the study explained 65.1% variance in the audit technology performance. The study proposes that public sector companies must strengthen IT governance by developing an appropriate IT committee and IT support services for the auditors. Besides, firms should clearly elucidate their priorities and requirements associated with technology-based training in their IT policies, and action plans to improve the utilization of audit technology.
A STUDY OF GALLERY METHOD TO INCREASE IDEA QUALITY IN CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

ii DEDICATION . iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . vii LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF FIGURES . xi Chapter One INTRODUCTION . 1 Motivation . 1 1.1 Concept Generation Techniques . 3 1.2 Discussion on the Findings from Cognitive Science Studies 1.3 Comparing Individual Ideation and Group Ideation . 5 Discussion on Group Ideation Techniques, Limitations and its 1.4 Practice . 7 Gallery Method . 10 1.5 Summary and Identification of Research Opportunities . 15 1.6 Thesis Overview . 16 1.7 Chapter Two RESEARCH GOALS AND FRAMEWORK . 20 Primary Research Objective . 20 2.1 Research Questions . 22 2.2 Research Tasks . 26 2.3 Research Framework . 27 2.4 Research Scope . 30 2.5 Chapter Three DESIGN STUDY I . 31 Overview . 31 3.1 Objective . 31 3.2 Participants . 32 3.3 Problem Statement . 34 3.4 Design Study I Procedure . 36 3.5
Human health implications of exposure to xenoestrogens from food.

This thesis aims to assess the human health impact of exposure to estrogenic compounds from the diet. A multi-disciplinary approach is taken to address various aspects of this issue. An introduction to xenoestrogens, including international research priorities, wildlife and human health effects, mechanisms of action, structure activity relationships and additivity of estrogenic effects is provided as background information. An assessment of exposure to a range of naturally occurring and synthetic estrogenic compounds found in food is derived in Chapter 2. The assessment combines new and existing data on food concentration, food consumption and serum levels for each xenoestrogen. Exposure is combined with relative estrogenic potency data from published bioassasy data to estimate risk relative to normal circulating levels of estradiol. Assuming additivity of xenoestrogens, for an average New Zealand male and for postmenopausal women, xenoestrogens in the diet contribute an additional 12-90% of estrogenicity above normal circulating levels. For a pre-menopausal female, the contribution from the diet represents in the order of an additional 2%. The level of exposure determined in this thesis would seem to be of pharmacological relevance, especially for men with low levels of estrogen and for post-menopausal women. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an important monomer used in the manufacture of epoxy resins for internal food can linings. A survey of the BPA content of a range of 80 canned foods available to the New Zealand consumer was undertaken and the results used in the exposure and risk assessments. BPA was detected in all foods analysed except soft drinks, at concentrations ranging from <10-29 μg/kg, except for individual samples of tuna, corned beef and coconut cream that were 109, 98 and 191 μg/kg respectively. None, of over 4000 individual exposure scenarios, exceeded the temporary Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) of 10 μg/kg body weight per day set by the Scientific Committee on Food in 2002. Intestinal microflora influence the bioavailability of the naturally occurring xenoestrogens genistein and daidzein that contribute significantly to total estrogenicity from the diet. The
Direct measurement of ultrasonic activity on microbial metabolism and analysis of related uncertainty

The scope of this work is to identify the relation that exists between the alterations of the bacterial metabolism and the exposition to an ultrasonic field (O'Leary et al. 1997, Piyasena et al. 2003, Brujan2004). To made this relation quantifiable they will be used repeatable and reproducible metrological methods. To obtain this result the research will be centred on 3 specific goal: 1. To realise a measurement of the ultrasonic field, generated by an ultrasonic bath, using an hydrophone calibrated specifically with the wavelengths applied (Canney et al. 2008). 2. To choose a method, through uncertainty evaluation, to expose microbes to the ultrasonic field without an excessive alteration of the generated acoustic pressure. 3. To find a method to measure bacterial viability, represented by the planktonic growth and the biofilm development, after exposure to the ultrasounds. Studying the relationship between the bacteria metabolism and ultrasonic exposure it will be possible to identify novels and more precise methods to treat bacterial colonizations. This result will be in fact useful in various fields where the bacterial presence, and in particular biofilm development, is today an unresolved problem. At the same time this research will put the basis for many further studies that will be realized applying the same methods with different bacterial species, ultrasounds exposition conditions or ultrasonic devices
Influence of Fiber Volume and Fiber Length on Thermal and Flexural Properties of a Hybrid Natural Polymer Composite Prepared with Banana Stem, Pineapple Leaf, and S-Glass

There is more demand for natural fiber-reinforced composites in the energy sector, and their impact on the environment is almost zero. Natural fiber has plenty of advantages, such as easy recycling and degrading property, low density, and low price. Natural fiber’s thermal properties and flexural properties are less than conventional fiber. This work deals with the changes in the thermal properties and mechanical properties of S-glass reinforced with a sodium hydroxide-treated pineapple leaf (PALF) and banana stem fibers. Banana stem and pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) were used at various volume fractions, i.e., 30%, 40%, and 50%, and various fiber lengths of 20 cm, 30 cm, and 40 cm with S-glass, and their effects on the thermal and mechanical properties were studied, and their optimum values were found. It was evidenced that increasing the fiber volume and fiber length enhanced the flexural and thermal properties up to 40% of the fiber volume, and started to decrease at 50% of the fiber volume. The fiber length provides an affirmative effect on the flexural properties and a pessimistic effect on the thermal properties. The PALF S-glass combination of 40% fiber load and 40 cm fiber length provides maximum flexural strength, flexural modulus, storage modulus, and lowest loss modulus based on hybrid Taguchi grey relational optimization techniques. PALF S-glass hybrid composite has been found to have 7.80%, 3.44%, 1.17% higher flexural strength, flexural modulus, and loss modulus, respectively, and 15.74% lower storage modulus compared to banana S-glass hybrid composite.
Intercity Passenger Rail: Implications for Urban, Regional, and National Mobility

Recent policy and regulatory actions by the U.S. government have revived interest in intercity passenger rail among transportation planners, policymakers, and the general public. As part of a fully integrated multimodal intercity corridor, passenger rail can provide a number of measurable impacts on urban, regional, and national mobility. This research examines these impacts using the Milwaukee-Chicago Hiawatha Service intercity passenger rail route as a case study. In addition to providing competitive travel times with automobile travel and frequent daily service, rail passengers can also seamlessly connect to airline service via a station at the Milwaukee airport. Two data sources—an on-board survey of Hiawatha Service passengers and a more detailed survey of air-rail transfer passengers at the Milwaukee airport—were used to identify the mobility impacts of rail service. If the rail service did not exist, most Hiawatha Service passengers would travel via personal vehicle, which indicates that the Hiawatha Service is providing congestion relief for the highways parallel to the route. The airport link allows for sustainable ground access to the Milwaukee airport and also extends the market area for the airport into the Chicago region, providing those residents with greater choices in air travel. The findings of this project provide unique insight into the mobility impacts of intercity passenger rail and can be used by state department of transportation rail planners and other public agency staff to develop rail service plans and administer state passenger rail programs throughout the U.S.
EVALUATION OF AN EXPERIMENTAL DATA SET TO BE VALIDATION DATA FOR CFD FOR A VHTR

The very high temperature reactor (VHTR) has been c hosen as the concept for the next generation nuclear plant (NGNP), supported by the U. S. Depart ment of Energy. There are two basic designs for the VHTR: a prismatic design and a pebble-bed desig n. In the prismatic design, the coolant (helium) exits the core into a lower plenum as jets. The hel ium then turns 90° and flows toward the exit duct around cylindrical support posts. Safety analysis b y computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is desired to determine the level of mixing of the jets and check for hot spots. Experimental data were taken in a scaled model of a slice of the lower plenum of a pr ismatic VHTR. Numerical investigations have been made using CFD to determine if the data are suitabl e for validation. This paper provides the findings of the investigations including results for a modif ied version of the flow field. The investigations include a determination of the extent of the comput ational domain needed, the best outlet boundary condition to use, the accuracy of the inlet data, a pplication of several turbulence models and the search for the cause of an instability that causes large random excursions of flow variables. It is fo und that the inlet data measured by PIV are not suffici ently accurate and that the instability is apparent ly caused by the presence of the first inlet jet which impinges on a recirculation zone.
Remote assessment of army tactical river crossing sites using LIDAR imagery

Abstract : Tactical river crossings present impediments to Army units on the move because they require specialized procedures and equipment as well as more detailed planning and control than normal operations. A crossing site's suitability is highly dependant on riverbank geography. Commanders with accurate riverbank data can increase the speed of crossing operations, both by quickly and accurately determining appropriate sites and by minimizing the amount and type of equipment carried forward to effect the crossings. A previous study examined how conventional terrain analysis would be used to determine suitable crossing sites. In that study, there was a 16% acceptable site selection rate for remotely determined crossing sites. The most common problem, which was not detectable using conventional techniques, was that bank slope was too steep for vehicles to traverse. This study looks at using a Light Distance and Ranging (LIDAR) digital elevation model (DEM) to improve acceptable site selection rate. LIDAR data were collected at the sites identified in the previous study and inspected to see if the DEM would provide the information and resolution necessary to improve crossing site identification. The DEM was compared to selected onsite surveys and visual information collected previously to identify discrepancies. The LIDAR DEM analysis looked at 18 potential sites and resulted in an 88% acceptable site selection rate.
Characteristics of the Dental Pulp and Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells of the Yucatan Miniature Pig

Miniature pigs have been considered as a recommended large animal model for biomedical research. Mesenchymal stem cells offer promising potential for tissue regeneration. Recent studies have suggested that dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) may provide more reliable strategies for the treatment of dental diseases using a cell-based tissue engineering approach. The aim of this study was to isolate and compare the characteristics of the DPSCs and PDLSCs of a miniature pig breed to the DPSCs and PDLSCs of a domestic farm pig breed. Stem cells of the DP and PDL were obtained from a male Yucatan miniature pig (nine months old) and a male domestic farm pig breed (six months old). The cell morphology, surface stem cell marker expression, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation ability were evaluated. Under a light microscope, the DPSCs and PDLSCs of the miniature pig breed had morphologies similar to those of the domestic farm pig breed. The proliferation of PDLSCs in both animals showed no significant differences, except on day five, whereas the proliferation of DPSCs was significantly higher in the miniature pig breed. However, the osteogenic abilities of the DPSCs and PDLSCs from the miniature pig breed were significantly lower compared to the domestic farm pig breed. This observation emphasizes the need for the breed-specific optimization of an osteogenic differentiation culture protocol for Yucatan miniature pig DPSCs and PDLSCs before application to cell-based therapy for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Functional movement disorder gender, age and phenotype study: a systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis of 4905 cases

Functional movement disorder (FMD) is a common manifestation of functional neurological disorder presenting with diverse phenotypes such as tremor, weakness and gait disorder. Our current understanding of the basic epidemiological features of this condition is unclear. We aimed to describe and examine the relationship between age at onset, phenotype and gender in FMD in a large meta-analysis of published and unpublished individual patient cases. An electronic search of PubMed was conducted for studies from 1968 to 2019 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Individual patient data were collected through a research network. We described the distribution of age of onset and how this varied by gender and motor phenotype. A one-stage meta-analysis was performed using multilevel mixed-effects linear regression, including random intercepts for country and data source. A total of 4905 individual cases were analysed (72.6% woman). The mean age at onset was 39.6 years (SD 16.1). Women had a significantly earlier age of onset than men (39.1 years vs 41.0 years). Mixed FMD (23.1%), tremor (21.6%) and weakness (18.1%) were the most common phenotypes. Compared with tremor (40.7 years), the mean ages at onset of dystonia (34.5 years) and weakness (36.4 years) were significantly younger, while gait disorders (43.2 years) had a significantly later age at onset. The interaction between gender and phenotype was not significant. FMD peaks in midlife with varying effects of gender on age at onset and phenotype. The data gives some support to ‘lumping’ FMD as a unitary disorder but also highlights the value in ‘splitting’ into individual phenotypes where relevant.