Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal network‐aware virtual data center embedding

Recently, the virtual data center embedding (VDCE) problem has drawn significant attention because of a growing need for efficient means of data center resource allocation. By ensuring a set of virtual data center (VDC) integration requests coming from his customers, among the main concern of an infrastructure provider is the maximization of the utilization rate of data center resources and benefits. However, existing VDCE solutions mostly focus on consolidating virtual machines in a single physical data center. Therefore, in this work, we improve the consolidated targets techniques, that consider only the virtual machines integration, by the consideration of network devices and fabrics (e.g., switches and paths/links). We consider new unreleased constraints such as multiple virtual nodes of the same request co‐location, and intermediate node requirements when a virtual link is mapped. To address the above problem, in this paper, we propose a binary linear programming‐based model, called BLP‐VDCE, to solve the VDCE problem with network‐aware consideration. This model ensures a simultaneous consolidated embedding of virtual nodes and virtual links. Extensive simulations show that solving the proposed BLP‐VDCE model can efficiently embed VDC requests with a high physical resource utilization rate.
Every two-generator knot is prime

THEOREM. Every two-generator knot is prime. The proof gives conditions under which a free product with amalgamation cannot be generated by two elements. An example is given of a composite one-relator link. Let k be a tame knot in S3. Then the deficiency of 7nI(S3 k) is one. That is to say, TI(S3 -k) has a presentation in which the number of generators is one more than the number of relators, but no presentation in which the number of generators is two more than the number of relators. Thus, every one-relator knot is a two generator knot. We prove that every two-generator knot is prime by showing that a composite-knot group cannot be generated by any two of its elements. The most common examples of one-relator knots are torus knots and two-bridge knots. The knot 10132 (Rolfsen's table, [3]) is a one-relator knot which is neither a torus knot nor a two-bridge knot. The knot 946 is a prime knot which is not a one-relator knot. The link 2 2# 31 is a composite, one-relator link! The group of a composite knot can be written as a free product amalgamated over Z. In 1942, F. W. Levi proved that the minimum number of generators of a free product is the sum of the corresponding numbers of the free factors, provided this sum is 2 or infinity. In a remarkable 1943 paper [1], B. H. Neumann proved that this is true in all other cases as well. Unfortunately, no such simple result is possible for free products with amalgamation, as the example '7I(S3 22#3) shows. In this example, the free product of two two-generator groups amalgamated over Z, yields a two-generator, one-relator group. By contrast, it is easy to show that I (S331 31), a free product of two two-generator groups amalgamated over Z, yields a threegenerator, two-relator group. I would like to thank G. A. Swarup, Jon Simon, and the referee for their comments and suggestions. 1. Preliminaries. We are in the PL-category; in particular, all knots are tame. In our proof that the group of a composite knot cannot be a two-generator group, we Received by the editors March 14, 1980. Presented to the 87th meeting of the AMS in San Francisco, California, January 8, 1981. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 57MXX.
Development and validation of a new equation based on plasma creatinine and muscle mass assessed by CT scan to estimate glomerular filtration rate: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Background Inter-individual variations of non-glomerular filtration rate (GFR) determinants of serum creatinine, such as muscle mass, account for the imperfect performance of estimated GFR (eGFR) equations. We aimed to develop an equation based on creatinine and total lumbar muscle cross-sectional area measured by unenhanced computed tomography scan at the third lumbar vertebra. Methods The muscle mass–based eGFR (MMB-eGFR) equation was developed in 118 kidney donor candidates (iohexol clearance) using linear regression. Validation cohorts included 114 healthy subjects from another center (51Cr-EDTA clearance, validation population 1), 55 patients with chronic diseases (iohexol, validation population 2), and 60 patients with highly discordant creatinine and cystatin C–based eGFR, thus presumed to have atypical non-GFR determinants of creatinine (51Cr-EDTA, validation population 3). Mean bias was the mean difference between eGFR and measured GFR, precision the standard deviation (SD) of the bias, and accuracy the percentage of eGFR values falling within 20% and 30% of measured GFR. Results In validation population 1, performance of MMB-eGFR was not different from those of CKD-EPICr2009 and CKD-EPICr2021. In validation population 2, MMB-eGFR was unbiased and displayed better precision than CKD-EPICr2009, CKD-EPICr2021 and EKFC (SD of the biases: 13.1 vs 16.5, 16.8 and 15.9 mL/min/1.73 m2). In validation population 3, MMB-eGFR had better precision and accuracy {accuracy within 30%: 75.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 64.0–86.0] vs 51.5% (95% CI 39.0–64.3) for CKD-EPICr2009, 43.3% (95% CI 31.0–55.9) for CKD-EPICr2021, and 53.3% (95% CI 40.7–66.0) for EKFC}. Difference in bias between Black and white subjects was −2.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI −7.2 to 3.0), vs −8.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI −13.2 to −3.6) for CKD-EPICr2021. Conclusion MMB-eGFR displayed better performances than equations based on demographics, and could be applied to subjects of various ethnic backgrounds.
Research on ship motion characteristics in a cross sea based on computational fluid dynamics and potential flow theory

ABSTRACT The motion response of a ship in a cross sea is studied based on computational fluid dynamics. Firstly, according to the established numerical pool, and based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and the re-normalisation group K–ϵ turbulence model, the free surface is treated by the volume of fluid(VOF) method, and a numerical simulation method is established. The wave results obtained by the numerical simulation are compared with theoretical waves to verify the reliability of the method. Then, considering the DTMB5415 ship model, a prediction method for the ship’s motion in a cross sea is established by using an overlapping mesh and VOF technology. The influence of a cross sea on ship motion performance under different wave direction angles, different wave heights and for different periods is analyzed. In addition, a method is also established for studying the ship’s motion response based on potential flow theory, and it is found that ships sailing under superimposed waves will exhibit the phenomenon of beat vibration. Finally, by comparing the results obtained by the two methods, the consistency of the two methods is verified, which provides a strong basis for the safety assessment of ships in cross seas.
The Correlation between Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulin G Seropositivity and Plasma Homocysteine Levels in Adults

Objectives Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity is prevalent, but its correlation with homocysteine (Hcy), a biomarker of vascular risk events, is unclear. This study is aimed at exploring the correlation of H. pylori IgG seropositivity and plasma Hcy levels in adults. Methods Data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle 1999-2000. Hcy was measured by the Abbott homocysteine assay, and H. pylori IgG was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The weighted multiple logistic regression analyses with adjustments for potential confounders were conducted. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender, age, and race were performed. Results A total of 4029 subjects aged 20-85 years were included. Population prevalence of H. pylori IgG seropositivity was 44.7% in the overall population with higher prevalence found in those with older age, Mexican Americans, lower education, and lower household income. Levels of plasma Hcy were not elevated in those with H. pylori IgG seropositivity versus seronegativity (β -0.120 (-0.438, 0.199) P = 0.462). This difference was not significant after stratifying by gender and age. However, in the subgroup analyses stratified by race, a negative correlation between H. pylori seropositivity and plasma Hcy levels was observed in Mexican Americans (β -0.802 (-1.253, -0.352) P < 0.001). Conclusions H. pylori IgG seropositivity was not associated with plasma Hcy levels in the general population, but there may be a negative correlation in Mexican Americans. These findings provide new insights to advance the research of the link between plasma Hcy levels and stomach health.
Viscous dissipation in steep capillary–gravity waves

Some simple but exact general expressions are derived for the viscous stresses required at the surface of irrotational capillary–gravity waves of periodic or solitary type on deep water in order to maintain them in steady motion. These expressions are applied to nonlinear capillary waves, and to capillary–gravity waves of solitary type on deep water. In the case of pure capillary waves some algebraic expressions are found for the work done by the surface stresses, from which it is possible to infer the viscous rate of decay of free, nonlinear capillary waves. Similar calculations are carried out for capillary–gravity waves of solitary type on deep water. It is shown that the limiting rate of decay of a solitary wave at low amplitudes is just twice that for linear, periodic waves. This is due to the spreading out of the wave envelope at low wave steepnesses. At large wave steepnesses the dissipation increases by an order of magnitude, owing to the sharply increased curvature in the wave troughs. The calculated rates of decay are in agreement with recent observations.
ACCURATE LABORATORY WAVELENGTHS OF THE e3 Σ−(ν′ = 5) − X1 Σ+(ν″ = 0) BAND OF 12C16O

The forbidden singlet–triplet transitions of carbon monoxide (CO) are important in the interpretation of vacuum ultraviolet interstellar absorption spectra and in particular for the measurement of large CO column densities. Twenty rovibronic lines of the e3Σ−(ν′ = 5) − X1Σ+(ν″ = 0) band of 12C16O for which laboratory wavelengths were previously unavailable were identified in laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectra. Wavelengths were assigned to five rovibronic transitions to an average accuracy of 0.0028 Å. A further 15 lines could not be fully resolved and average wavelengths were measured for these groups of closely spaced lines. A wavelength difference of 0.011 ± 0.0028 Å between the measured wavelengths and the calculated wavelengths in the atlas of Eidelsberg & Rostas demonstrates the need for more experimental data on CO.
Multiphoton detection in superconducting nanowires: nonlinear optics in the detector

A Nth-order (N=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) interferometric autocorrelator based on superconducting nanodetectors is presented. It provides much higher sensitivity as compared to the conventional autocorrelators using all-optical nonlinearities and a temporal resolution of about 20 ps, which is limited by the quasi-particle energy relaxation time in the superconducting films. A semiclassical model is introduced to explain the nonlinear photodetection process. A comparison of sensitivity to conventional autocorrelators is also presented.
Adherence to iron and folate supplementation and associated factors among women attending antenatal care in public health facilities at Covid-19 pandemic in Ethiopia

Adhesion is the degree to which a patient complies with treatment recommendations made by a health care professional. The majority of pregnant women worldwide don’t get the recommended amounts of iron and folic acid (30 to 60 mg of iron and 400 g of folic acid/day for 6 months) pregnant women are more likely to develop iron- and folic acid deficiency anemia. For iron and folate supplementation programs to be effective in Ethiopia, adherence is a significant issue. So, this study aimed to evaluate the level and barriers preventing women receiving antenatal care from taking iron and folate supplements. A phenomenological qualitative study design was added to a facility-based cross-sectional study. The sample was established using a double population proportion formula. For the quantitative and qualitative study, 308 pregnant women and the focal points for the health facilities were chosen at random, using systematic random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. For the quantitative study, a face-to-face interviewer-guided, pre-tested structured questionnaire was used; for the qualitative study, a semi-structured questionnaire was used. Data was entered twice, cross-checked by comparing the two separate entries in Epi Data version 7.2. 2.6, and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. COR and AOR with 95% CI are used to evaluate the relationship between variables and control for confounding factors. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. All, 308 (100%) participants were involved. 56.5% of pregnant women attending an ANC clinic (95% CI: 51%–62.2%) adhered to Iron and folate supplementation. Mothers with primary education], Urban residents mothers, Mother who had four or more ANC visits, mothers who had registered for their first ANC at early gestational age, mothers who had good awareness about birth defects were independent predictors of adherence to Iron and folate supplementation. In our study, adherence to iron and folate supplementation was low relative to previous research findings. Promoting early and frequent ANC visits and improving pregnant women’s awareness of anemia and birth defects through education is necessary to increase the adherence status.
Wilson loops on M2-branes and M5-branes

We calculate configuration energies of stringlike membranes in M2- and M5-brane spaces. In the near horizon approximation these backgrounds reduce to ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{4}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{S}^{7}$ and ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{7}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{S}^{4}$ spaces and the dual theories are supersymmetric $SU(N)$ gauge theories, in accordance with the AdS/CFT correspondence. In this case the stringlike configuration energy is identified with the quark and antiquark energy interaction in the dual theories. Far from the horizon the dual theory is more involved but anyhow we were able to calculate the stringlike configuration energy. For limiting regimes we find simpler solutions for which some potentials exhibit a confinement behavior while others are nonconfining.
The IR-colour–mass-loss relation of carbon-rich, dust-driven superwinds and a synthetic ($\vec J$–$\vec K$, $M_{\bf Bol}$) diagram

We derive relations between mass-loss rates and IR-colours (J-K, H-K, K-L, L-M and K-(12)) for the carbon- rich, dust-driven stellar winds of extreme tip-AGB objects by applying a maximum-likelihood procedure to a representative set of 50 self-consistent, pulsating wind models. The J-K index shows the largest mass-loss related IR excess, which is consistent with observations. All synthetic IR-colours depend, in addition, on the luminosity of the individual model star. Consequently, the superwind mass-loss rates may be determined from observation by log u M = −8.20 +0.156 (J-K) −0.463 MBol ,f orJ-K > 4. As a case study for the interpretation of IR photometric data, we quantify the collective and individual tip-AGB mass-loss of the solar neighbourhood stellar population by means of a matching synthetic stellar sample, its IR properties and its present-day mass-loss distribution. The synthetic stars are generated on a grid of evolution tracks with a consistent mass-loss description (see Schroder et al. 1999; Wachter et al. 2002) and an IMF and SFR found in the local stellar population (Schroder & Sedlmayr 2001). The display of the tip-AGB starsin a (J-K, MBol) diagram could be compared directly withobservations once appropriate data become available. On a basis of 1.4 million stars brighter than MV = 4.0, our synthetic present-day sample includes 5067 giant stars with B-V > 1.4, and the collective mass-loss rate is 5.0 × 10 −4 Myr −1 . There are 20 carbon-rich supergiants with an IR excess of J-K > 4.0 and a mass-loss rate well in excess of 10 −6 Myr −1 , including 10 dust-enshrouded, extreme tip-AGB stars with J-K > 6.0, seen in their short-lived (≈30000 yrs) superwind phase with u M > 10 −5 Myr −1 . They produce about 50% of the collective mass-loss of the whole sample.
Influence of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction on vortex states in magnetic nanodisks

Curling magnetic vortices with chiral rotation sense and polarity of the core magnetization can exist in magnetic circular nanostructures. Broken mirror symmetry at surfaces/interfaces of magnetic nanostructures induces chiral Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions which may strongly affect the magnetic properties. Using a micromagnetic approach, we investigate the influence of these chiral interactions on the vortex states in magnetic nanodisks. We calculate numerically the shape, size, and stability of the vortices in equilibrium as functions of magnetic field and the material and geometrical parameters. As a result, under the influence of the chiral magnetic interactions vortices of opposite chirality should have different sizes. We provide detailed numerical analysis of this effect, which can be applied to measure the strength of the induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya coupling in magnetic thin film elements.
Spatial unmasking and attention related to the cocktail party problem

Although there are several factors causing “cocktail party effect” after more than half a century of research, the major one is considered to be the spatial separation of the target signal and the interferer. This paper will overview developments of the improvement of performance resulting from the directional separation of the target signal from interferers when listening in a field or through headphones. The basic assumption concerning the cocktail party effect is that there are one or more interfering sound sources in addition to the target signal source. In this situation it is important to remember the selective attention effect, which attenuates the interfering sound by concentrating the attention on a specific signal. Pitch of sound is the simplest cue for selective attention; however, spatial information can also be one. The latter half of this review discusses the effect of spatial filtering and an attention filter on the frequency domain.
Characteristics of the 18-tube NM64-type Daejeon neutron monitor in Korea

The amount of cosmic radiation entering Earth’s atmosphere is determined by, and is therefore an indicator of, the level of solar activity. As solar activity approaches a maximum, the importance of monitoring cosmic rays and researching their effects and our dose levels increases. The aim of this study was to install the NM64 neutron monitor and to measure its characteristics by using two different methods: analyzing the barometric coefficient and observing the diurnal variation. A neutron monitor was installed for the first time in Korea at the Korea Research Institute of Standard Science in 2011 with a rigidity cutoff of 11.2 GV. The barometric coefficient and the diurnal variation were analyzed with data for the interval Dec. 1–31, 2011. A reliable barometric coefficient was determined, −0.6557 ± 0.0044%/hPa, and the diurnal variation was observed. The Daejeon neutron monitor worked correctly, given that the diurnal variation was hard to observe when the variation was small (in this case, less than 1%).
Species-Level Characterization of the Microbiome in Breast Tissues with Different Malignancy and Hormone-Receptor Statuses Using Nanopore Sequencing

Unambiguous evidence indicates that microbes are closely linked to various human diseases, including cancer. Most prior work investigating the microbiome of breast tissue describes an association between compositional differences of microbial species in benign and malignant tissues, but few studies have examined the relative abundance of microbial communities within human breast tissue at the species level. In this work, a total of 44 breast tissue samples including benign and malignant tissues with adjacent normal breast tissue pairs were collected, and Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing was employed to assess breast tissue microbial signatures. Nearly 900 bacterial species were detected from the four dominant phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The bacteria with the highest abundance in all breast tissues was Ralstonia pickettii, and its relative abundance increased with decreasing malignancy. We further examined the breast-tissue microbiome composition with different hormone-receptor statuses, and the relative abundance of the genus Pseudomonas increased most significantly in breast tissues. Our study provides a rationale for exploring microbiomes associated with breast carcinogenesis and cancer development. Further large-cohort investigation of the breast microbiome is necessary to characterize a microbial risk signature and develop potential microbial-based prevention therapies.
Time resolved annealing studies of single neutron irradiated avalanche photodiodes

The dark count rate of avalanche photodiodes was used to monitor single neutron created damage and annealing. The experiments achieve a maximum time resolution of 10 ms. Irradiations are carried out at different temperatures between 5/spl deg/C and 25/spl deg/C. Monotonic forward annealing after the neutron interaction was observed with two distinct decay times of 75 ms and 725 ms, respectively. Stepwise forward annealing was observed after this initial period. For some cases reverse stepwise annealing on a time scale up to 30 minutes was detected. The monotonic annealing is discussed in connection with the motion of vacancies in the damage region. The stepwise annealing is suggested to be related to single defect configuration changes.
APTIDÃO FÍSICA RELACIONADA À SAÚDE EM ESCOLARES DE BAIXO NÍVEL SOCIOECONÔMICO DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMBÉ/PR

The aim of this study was to analyze the fitness level related to health in 11-12 year-old school children of low social and economical status in the city of Cambe in a sample of 108 boys and 127 girls. Body mass (BM), height and skinfold thickness (SFT) measures were used to determine the body mass index (BMI) and the sum of subscapular and triceps skinfold thickness. The sit-and-reach, extension and bending of the arms (EBA) in suspension in a bar, modified sit-up and 9-minute walk/run tests, were used to check levels of motor performance. The girls presented better results on the BM, height and SFT variables compared to boys in terms of anthropometric analysis. On the other hand, boys presented better results in the motor performance variables, compared to girls. However, the girls were superior to boys on the sit-and-reach test. Upon confronting these results with the figures established by AAPHERD (1988), it was evidenced that in all tests the sample was considered below the ideal criteria, except on the EBA test in which both genders presented results above the proposed ones.