Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AN OVERVIEW ON THE INTERFACIAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CNTS AND THE POLYMER MATRIX

Because of their nanoscale dimensions, low density, intrinsically superior mechanical properties, and remarkable electrical and thermal properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expected to be one of the most potential components for the composites. At the same time, more and more people focus on the idea of incorporating CNTs into conventional fiber reinforced polymer composites. Actually the properties of the constituent materials as well as the characteristics of the interface(s) between matrixes and fibers have impacts on the mechanical behavior of composites. The interface between fibers and matrixes has been regarded as a critical element in controlling the overall performance of conventional polymer composites. In this paper, we review recent advances about interfacial interactions between CNTs and the polymer matrix and effect of the geometrical properties of the CNTs on the interfacial behavior of epoxy/CNT composites, including length, diameter, chirality and waviness.
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CONTAINERS FORWARDING FROM MEGA-SHIPS TO DRY PORTS WITH LIMITED NETWORK CAPACITY AND TIME PERIOD DEPENDENT TRAVEL COST FUNCTION

This work investigates the impact of mega-ships on the port surrounding network and proposes a mixed integer programming model to optimize the forwarding of containers toward dry port destinations. The aim is to give a decision support for operational planning with limited capacity of both the yard and the network, with respect to the quantity of containers transferred per time unit. The model considers time dependent costs and traveling times to reduce congestion. In particular, congestion is limited by delaying departing times and exploiting the storage capacities of the nodes. As a further novel issue, the problem is modelled as a multi-period network problem where arc costs and traveling times change during specific time slots. More precisely, new linear functions are derived as tangents to the nonlinear convex components of a classical travelling time function proposed in the literature. The model is used to study the container dispatching process in a terminal which is going to be the main Italian container terminal equipped to manage mega-ship traffic.
Procalcitonin as a Guide of Antibiotics Administration in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Background: Pneumonia is one of the common infection-related death. Recently use of biomarkers in diagnostic and therapeutic approach to pneumonia has been considered. The aim of our study is to evaluate the length of antibiotic treatment, length of hospitalization and medical outcomes in procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy in patients with pneumonia. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial study with 134 hospitalized patients with the diagnosis of pneumonia were enrolled to the study and randomly divided into two groups, procalcitonin group (PCT-guided therapy) and control group (customary clinical guidelines). All patients had 14 days follow up. Data were analyzed with appropriate statistical analysis and using version 16 of SPSS statistical software. Results: Totally, the assessed patients were in the range of 18-94 years old and the mean of age in control group was 62.87 ± 19.20 years and mean age of PCT group was 58.34 ± 19.32 years. Length of antibiotic treatment in the PCT group was 3.17 days’ vs 11.38 days in the control group (P < 0.0001). Length of hospitalization in the PCT group was 4.53 days’ vs 6.75 days in the control group that was significantly reduced (P < 0.0001). In 14 days follow up all patients had not any complication and clinically improved. Conclusions: In conclusion, procalcitonin-guided antibiotic treatment in patients with acute respiratory infections effectively reduced antibiotic exposure and antibiotic side-effects while reducing the length of hospitalization and treatment duration and accordingly, decrease the expenditure of patients’ treatment and avoid antibiotic resistance.
Prescribed burning, atmospheric pollution and grazing effects on peatland vegetation composition

Peatlands are valued for ecosystem services including carbon storage, water provision and biodiversity. However, there are concerns about the impacts of land management and pollution on peatland vegetation and function. We investigated how prescribed vegetation burning, atmospheric pollution and grazing are related to vegetation communities and cover of four key taxa (Sphagnum spp., Calluna vulgaris, Eriophorum vaginatum and Campylopus introflexus) using two datasets from a total of 2,013 plots across 95 peatland sites in the UK. Non-metric multidimensional scaling and permutational multivariate analysis of variance showed differences in vegetation community composition between burned and unburned plots at regional and national scales. Analysis showed that burned sites had less Sphagnum and greater C. vulgaris cover on a national scale. On a regional scale, plots burned between 2 and 10 years ago had greater cover of invasive moss C. introflexus and less E. vaginatum than unburned sites. Livestock presence was associated with less Sphagnum and C. vulgaris, while atmospheric pollution was associated with less Sphagnum, but greater C. introflexus cover, and appeared to have more impact on burned sites. Synthesis and applications. Burning, grazing and atmospheric pollution are associated with peatland vegetation composition and cover of key species, including Sphagnum. We suggest that, to promote cover of peat-forming species, peatlands should not be routinely burned or heavily grazed. Current or historical atmospheric pollution may hinder peat-forming species, particularly on burned sites.
Analytical Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Determination of Simvastatin and Mupirocin by Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatographic Method Analitik Yöntem Geliştirme ve Validasyon İçin Eşzamanlı Tayini onun Simvastatin ve Mupirosin tarafından Ters Fazlı Sıvı Kromatografik Yöntem

Objectives: The proposed study is aimed towards development and validation of reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous estimation of Simvastatin and Mupirocin. Materials and methods: The chromatographic method developed is optimized for flow rate with column, solvent and buffer used, ratio of mobile phase, molarity and pH. The validation of method optimized and the forced degradation studies of both drugs (for acidic, alkaline, oxidation, heat, light, and neutral conditions) were carried out following the guidelines of the International Harmonization Conference (ICH). Results: Kromasil C-18 column (250mm X 4.6mm, 5μm) with UV detection at 224 nm and acetonitrile: phosphate buffer (30 mM) (70:30 v/v) pH 3.5, adjusted with orthophosphoric acid as mobile phase at flow rate of 1.1mL/min were found to give good resolution of Mupirocin and Simvastatin at retention times of 2.32 ± 0.008 min and 13.55 ± 0.254 min, respectively, with high accuracy (% recovery was 99.69 ± 0.82 for Mupirocin, and 101.10 ± 0.02 for Simvastatin) and linearity in the range 5-30 μg/mL (r2=0.9969 for Mupirocin and r2=0.9959 for Simvastatin). The diagnostic limit and the lower limit of determination were 0.771±0.234 and 2.338 ±0.246 μg/mL for Mupirocin, 0.595±0.282 and 1.803±0.334 μg/mL for Simvastatin, respectively. The validated method was used to understand degradation behavior of both the drugs after forced degradation studies. Conclusion: Developed method is found to be specific, sensitive, precise and accurate for the simultaneous estimation of Mupirocin and Simvastatin for combined dosage form.
Fish diversity in the Niokolo Koba National Park, middle GambiaRiver basin, Senegal

Sampling over five years (2004-2008) in Niokolo Koba National Park yielded 62 fish species from 22 families. Data are compared with records from the 1950s, yielding a conservative estimate of 73 fish species occurring in the park. Only native species are found. We compare species richness in five major habitat types (main river, tributaries, large oxbow lakes, temporary water bodies and spring pools) and thoroughly discuss putative differences observed in the fish community between the 1950s and 2000s.
Interrelationships Between Body Weight And Linear Body Measurements In Marshall Commercial Broilers Reared In Semi- Arid Zone Of Nigreia

Poultry breeders have tried to establish the relationship that exists between body weight and physical characteristics (body conformation) comprising of shank length, breast width, breast angle, keel length, neck length, back length, and thigh length as this information reflect on the feed efficiency as well as performance of the broiler birds (Kabir et al., 2008); beside this, will help breeders to organize their breeding program in order to achieve an optimum combination of body weight and good conformation for maximum economic returns (Okon et al., 1997). They also reported that the interrelationships Abstract: A total of 105 Marshall broiler Strains were used in the experiment and indices comprising of Body Weight (BW), Neck Length (NEL), Back Length (BKL), Thigh Length (THL), Shank Length (SHL), Breast Width (BRW), Body Length (BDL) and Wing Length (WNL) were measured. The predictors of body weight include NEL, BDL, SHL, BKL, THL and BRW. The results show that highly significant (p<0.001) and very good estimators were found (R 2 = 0.95, 0.95, 0.92, 0.91, 0.91, 0.90 and 0.88, respectively), demonstrating strong interrelationships between dependents and independent variables. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ) ranges from 0.88 to 0.95. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to determine the relationship between Body Weight and other Linear Body Measurements. Body weight was positive and significantly correlated (p<0.001).
Population dynamics of aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(Hemiptera: Aphididae) on different Brassica species

Present studies deal with continuous observation of aphid population on different brassica species at every fourteen days interval. Five plants were selected randomly from each plot. The top 10cm terminal portion was used for counting of aphid population. The first appearance of aphid population was found at end of December in Brassica rapa var toria, B. rapa var yellow sarson and Brassica juncea. The correlation coefficients between aphid population and abiotic factors revealed contradictory results. Except for a few instances the abiotic parameters show a low order of association with aphid population. A significant negative correlation of aphid population was found with maximum temperature in B. rapa var toria (r= -0.963**), B. rapa var yellow sarson (r= -0.877*) and B. juncea (r= -0.913*). The population dynamics study of coccinellid beetles revealed that its population increased gradually with the increase of aphid population and vice-versa. In our experiment none of the weather parameters alone was responsible for the multiplication and growth of the aphid but it is assumed that during major part of rabi season, the meteorological parameters remained conducive for the rapid multiplication of aphid.
THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF NATURAL RESOURCE DEPENDENCY IN GULF COUNTRIES

Natural resources serve as useful inputs and vital raw materials for domestic industries, which stimulate and secure sustained economic growth and development. However, the notion that the richness of natural resources can be translated into a curse rather than a blessing has long been an overarching topic of research for both academics and policymakers. Natural resources wealth has noticeable socioeconomic and political impacts that vary among resource-rich countries. Given the importance of the Gulf Countries and their dependency on income from natural resources, this study examines the economic impacts of natural resource dependency by taking per capita GDP and total factor productivity as dependent variables. This study applied the autoregressive distributed lag and error correction model by using time-series data from 1984 to 2014. The results indicate that, in the long-run, dependency on natural resources has a positive impact on per capita GDP in Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates, but the relationship is insignificant in Kuwait. Then, it is found that natural resource dependency shows a positive impact on TFP in Saudi Arabia and a negative impact in Kuwait, while the relationship is insignificant in the case of United Arab Emirates.
GEOMAGNETIC PULSATIONS AND TUNGUSKA-1908 PHENOMENON

Although already 100 years have passed after the Tunguska event, the scientific community is still far from clear understanding of what happened in Siberia on 30 June, 1908. It is generally accepted that the Tunguska event resulted from the catastrophic disruption of a comet or an asteroid. Nevertheless there is no common agreement that the meteor really existed. In this report a new concept for solution for the Tunguska-1908 phenomenon is presented. For the Tunguska event we assumed correlations between the phenomena of the solar eclipse on 28 June, 1908 and ULF-pulsations which prof. L. Weber registered in Kiel (Germany) from 27 till 30 June, 1908. In addition scientists observed magnetic vortical structures on the Sun at this time. According to a hypothesis by R. Dicke (1964), the Sun possibly emits scalar waves in a long-range, i.e., zero-mass chargeless, scalar fields. In a context of the Tunguska phenomenon, we discuss a possibility of existence of scalar waves and a variation of the gravitational constant during solar eclipses. On the other hand, there is a significant coherence between magnetic variations and fluctuations in tides. In the beginning of 20th century a big bump in the secular evolution of the Moon's longitude was observed. We performed reconstructive computer calculations of a lunisolar gravitational tide for the Tunguska-epicentre in Siberia for 30 June, 1908 and found that the time of the tide (outflow) coincides exactly with the registered time of the explosion at this geographic location on June 30, 1908. Anomalous gravitational tide could lead to changes in the terrestrial magnetic dipole and to trigger the tectonic activity. Eastern Siberia, where the explosion had occurred on 30 June, 1908 is the field of protokimberlite pipes. The epicentre of the Tunguska-explosion is the 248 Myr-old volcanic crater that associates with the mantle plume, i.e., a hotspot. We argue that the Tunguska-1908 event was most probably a tectonic explosion of the kimberlite paleovolcano initiated by solar-lunar gravitational phenomena, but not an encounter of the Earth with a fragment of an asteroid or a comet. The correct solution for the Tunguska event has a fundamental significance in our understanding of the lunisolar activity and the origin of magnetic fields.
Characterization of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici isolates derived from an unusual wheat stem rust outbreak in Germany in 2013

An unusual stem rust infestation occurred in German wheat fields in summer 2013. This study analysed 48 isolates derived from 17 Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) samples and six races were identified: TKTTF, TKKTF, TKPTF, TKKTP, PKPTF and MMMTF. Infection type and genotypic data confirmed that none of these races belonged to the TTKS (Ug99) race group. German isolates of race TKTTF are phenotypically different to the ones responsible for the stem rust epidemic in Ethiopia in 2013–2014. Forty isolates were genotyped using a custom SNP array. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these 40 isolates represented two distinct lineages (clade IV and clade V). Thirty-eight isolates clustered into clade IV, which previously was defined by Ethiopian isolates of race TKTTF. Race TKKTP is of special concern due to its combined virulence to stem rust resistance genes Sr24, SrTmp and Sr1RSAmigo. The vulnerability to race TKKTP in US and international winter wheat was confirmed as 55% of North American and international cultivars and breeding lines resistant to race TTKSK (Ug99) became susceptible to TKKTP. Races identified in Germany in 2013 confirmed the presence of virulence to important resistance genes that are effective against race TTKSK. This information should be useful for breeders to select diverse and effective resistance genes in order to provide more durable stem rust resistance and reduce the use of fungicides.
Adsorption of High Chromium Concentrations from Industrial Wastewater Using Different Agricultural Residuals

Hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) is a toxic material used in many industries such as tanneries and electroplating industries. Most of the previous researches studied the removal of chromium at lower concentrations up to 600 mg/L but did not tackle the behavior at higher concentrations, which resemble the real concentration of studied tanneries effluents. The present research is a comparative study of different agricultural low cost adsorbents in the removal of high Chromium concentration from industrial wastewater up to 1000 mg/L, compared to a commercial activated carbon. The tested adsorbents are (Banana Waste (BW), Sawdust (SD), Phragmites Australis (PA), Sugarcane Bagasse (SCB), Pea pod peels (PPP) and Rice straw (RS)). The materials were chemically pretreated with acid-alkali except BW was treated with acid only, to improve adsorbent metal binding capacity. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Chromium concentration and temperature on the removal efficiency of Chromium from wastewater. The experiments were conducted in two sets, one for lower concentration (25-50-100-200-400) mg/L and the other for higher concentration (600-800-1000) to simulate the concentration of Chromium in tannery industry effluents. At 1000 mg/L initial concentration, BW achieved the optimum removal efficiency of 73.28% at pH = 3, adsorbent dosage = 25 g/L and contact time of 3 hours with the adsorption capacity was 39 mg/g. For SD at pH=2, 3 hours contact time, 10 g/L dosage, and 30C the removal ratio was 64.83% and the adsorption capacity was 86.30 mg/g. The equilibrium data for various agricultural adsorbents was being tested with various adsorption isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin. At low concentrations, AC, BW, PA and SCB follows Freundlich isotherm model while SD follows Langmuir isotherm model. At higher concentrations, BW, SD, PA follows Langmuir isotherm while SCB follows Tempkin isotherm model. To evaluate the mechanism of Cr adsorption on different adsorbents, Pseudofirst-order and Pseudo-second-order equations were used. The adsorption process follows Pseudo-second-order for all adsorbents, which confirms the chemisorption of Cr (VI) on different adsorbents.
Environmental Impact Assessment of Thai Banana Supply Chain

The research of this study was to assess the environmental impact of banana supply chain in Thailand in accordance with the recommendations of the international standards ISO 14040 and 14044. The scope of this study was to determine banana supply chain located at Pathumthani province, Thailand with the production performance in 2018. One kilogram of banana plantation and Six hundred gram of banana product was used to the functional unit for farm and industrial sections, respectively. The seven clarifications including climate category, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, human toxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, and fossil depletion of Thai banana supply chain was calculated. The results presented that the business to business of environmental impact category of banana plantation were the human toxicity from benzene consumption. The reason was partly that the long distance from farm to industry from the transportation. For the environment impact of banana product in the industry process, the result showed that the human toxicity was the main environmental impact from banana plantation as main raw material and electricity consumption in the ripening process. Hence, the alternative energy of fuel consumption and the reduction of banana waste should be proposed for the appropriate approach environmental impact reduction in Thai banana supply chain.
Alleviating health risks associated with rainwater harvesting

Perceived and real public health risks associated with the quality of water from alternative water sources and supply systems, such as rainwater harvesting (RWH) and grey water reuse, continue to restrict their uptake in many countries. One option to alleviate these health risks is to treat alternative water to potable standard at the point of use (POU) as opposed to the point of supply, as undertaken in centralised systems. This paper presents the results of three international empirical field trials of a novel POU RWH treatment device. The results indicate that where the harvested rainwater did not contain elevated levels of pesticides or physico-chemical determinands, the POU device was able to reduce levels in outlet water to meet UK, EU and World Health Organization potable standards. Regarding microbiological determinands, such as total viable counts and coliforms, and microbial pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Legionella spp. , the device achieved reduction to potable standard and full .
A Modified Anchor Free Localization Technique for Wireless Sensor Network

INTRODUCTION: A novel anchor-free localization technique for a single-hop wireless sensor network is proposed, which is based on internode distances only. The average of the internode distances is mainly used to localize the reference node in the proposed algorithm. Average localization error is used as the main performance metric. The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces localization error as compared with conventional localization techniques with respect to node density variation and network size. OBJECTIVES: To find the location of the randomly deployed sensor nodes. METHODS: An anchor free localization method is used to find the location of the deployed sensor nodes. RESULTS: Location error is comparatively less in the proposed strategy. CONCLUSION: For single-hop wireless sensor networks using inters node distance, a novel anchor free localization technique is presented