Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Viral Myocarditis in Mice Metabolites Regulate Type I IFNs of Acute Kynurenine Pathway - l-Tryptophan

The activity of IDO that catalyzes the degradation of tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn) increases after diseases caused by different infectious agents. Previously, we demonstrated that IDO has an important immunomodulatory function in immune-related diseases. However, the pathophysiological role of IDO following acute viral infection is not fully understood. To investigate the role of IDO in the L -Trp–Kyn pathway during acute viral myocarditis, mice were infected with encephalomyocarditis virus, which induces acute myocarditis. We used IDO-deﬁcient (IDO 2 / 2 ) mice and mice treated with 1-methyl- D,L -Trp (1-MT), an inhibitor of IDO, to study the importance of Trp–Kyn pathway metabolites. Postinfection with encephalomyocarditis virus infection, the serum levels of Kyn increased, whereas those of Trp decreased, and IDO activity increased in the spleen and heart. The survival rate of IDO 2 / 2 or 1-MT–treated mice was signiﬁcantly greater than that of IDO +/+ mice. Indeed, the viral load was suppressed in the IDO 2 / 2 or 1-MT–treated mice. Furthermore, the levels of type I IFNs in IDO 2 / 2 mice and IDO 2 / 2 bone marrow-transplanted IDO +/+ mice were signiﬁcantly higher than those in IDO +/+ mice, and treatment of IDO 2 / 2 mice with Kyn metabolites eliminated the effects of IDO 2 / 2 on the improved survival rates. These results suggest that IDO has an important role in acute viral myocarditis.
Frequency of Sleep Disorders in Children Aged 6-12 years in Tijuana Mexico

Background: Sleep disorders are a series of alterations related to the sleep process. There are disorders in all stages of sleep, at the beginning, maintenance and during the sleep-wake cycle. It is estimated that in children under five years, 30% have sleep disturbances. The consequences of lack of sleep are inability to concentrate, memory problems and deficits in neuropsychological tests. Aim: The purpose of this study is to determinate the frequency of sleep disorders in children aged 6-12 years in Tijuana Mexico. Design and Setting: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: In 380 patients in the Family Medicine Unit #27, Tijuana, Mexico; a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in patients of school age from 6 to 12 years old. We obtained general data such as age, sex, family typology and a questionnaire validated about sleep disorders named Bruni's childhood sleep disturbance scale (modified). For statistical analysis, we applied descriptive statistics; for qualitative variables frequencies and percentages were used and for quantitative variables mean and standard deviation were used. Results: A sample of 380 children, 172 women and 208 men was found. A prevalence of Global Sleep Disorder of 15.5% was found, the main affected were men with 31 cases versus 28 cases in women. Regarding the dimensions of the questionnaire, the main alteration was respiratory problems with a prevalence of 34.7% and problems in the sleep-wake transition with 31.6%. Conclusion: A prevalence higher than that reported in the world literature was observed, however when performing the definitive diagnoses the results could be lower than those found in our study.
Effects of Drying Temperature and Time on Color, Bioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity in ‘Hua Ruea’ Chili Fruit ( Capsicum annuum )

Chilies, fresh or dried, have culinary value and are rich in bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. Drying used as a postharvest preservation strategy influences the amount of bioactive compounds and therefore the effects of drying temperature and time on color, antioxidants and bioactive compounds in chili fruit cv. Hua Ruea were investigated. Fruits were dried at 60 and 90 °C at various drying times of 3, 6, 21 h and at constant weight of at 60 and 90 °C for 23 and 27 h, respectively. Samples were analyzed for color (a*, Hue angle and total color difference), bioactive compounds (capsaicin: CAP; dihydrocapsaicin: DHC; total phenolic contents: TPC, and total flavonoid contents: TFC), and antioxidant activities (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power: FRAP, ABTS and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity). Results indicated that the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities increased with drying time. These values were increased by approximately 2-fold in FRAP, TPC, TFC, CAP and DHC when compared to final drying time of the fresh fruit. The a* value and Hue angle of chilies dried at 60 °C were higher than those dried at 90 °C indicating that the darkening of chilies was influenced by the drying temperature. Moreover, TPC, TFC, CAP and DHC of chilies dried at 60°C were significantly higher than at 90 °C. These results indicated that drying temperature of 60 °C for 27 h and 90 °C for 23 h is suitable for chilies in order to maintain their physical quality and bioactive compounds and therefore providing a foundation for postharvest processing.
sensitivity of novel criteria for

classiﬁed, FTLD was synonymous with Pick’s disease, ﬁrst described by Arnold Pick (1892) in a series of patients with ‘circumscribed atrophy’ and aphasia. The neuropathological ﬁndings in two such patients were later reported by Alois Alzheimer (1911) to include distinct argyrophilic ‘globes’ (subsequently called Pick bodies) within some neurons, and other neurons that were swollen by homogeneously argyrophilic material (Pick cells).
Bacteriological Profile of Pus and Body Fluid Isolates and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Introduction: WHO’s 2014 report on global surveillance of antimicrobial resistance revealed that antibiotic resistance is no longer a prediction for future; but a pressing concern for the present? Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Central Delhi. Study involved review of patient’s Microbiology laboratory records of bacterial isolates from pus and body fluid specimens from January to December 2012. The data was expressed as percentages and statistically analysed. Results: Laboratory record of pus and body fluid samples from 5593 patients were analysed. Age of the study group ranged from 1 month to 72 years, with mean age of 25 years. Among the study subjects, 63.6% were males, while 36.4% were females. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolate (22.3%) followed by Pseudomonas spp. (22.0%), and Klebsiella spp. (18%). Gram positive isolates were most susceptible to levofloxacin, vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin. Majority of Gram negative isolates were susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, polymyxin B and colistin. Only 7.3% isolates were susceptible to all the antibiotics tested, while 81.8% isolates were resistant to two or more class of antibiotics. Conclusion: Without an urgent and coordinated action, the world is heading towards post antibiotic era. Thus it is necessary that studies are conducted to guide the empirical use of antimicrobial agents.
A Performance Comparison of Continuous and Discontinuous Galerkin Methods with Fast Multigrid Solvers | SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing | Vol. 40, No. 5 | Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics

This study presents a fair performance comparison of the continuous ﬁnite element method, the symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method, and the hybridized discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method. Modern implementations of high-order methods with state-of-the-art multigrid solvers for the Poisson equation are considered, including fast matrix-free implementations with sum factorization on quadrilateral and hexahedral elements. For the HDG method, a multigrid approach that combines a grid transfer from the trace space to the space of linear ﬁnite elements with algebraic multigrid on further levels is developed. It is found that high-order continuous ﬁnite elements give best time to solution for smooth solutions, closely followed by the matrix-free solvers for the other two discretizations. Their performance is up to an order of magnitude higher than that of the best matrix-based methods, even after including the superconvergence eﬀects in the matrix-based HDG method. This diﬀerence is because of the vastly better performance of matrix-free operator evaluation as compared to sparse matrix-vector products. A rooﬂine performance model conﬁrms the superiority of the matrix-free implementation.
Definition and quantification of ‘ride’ during running

Abstract ‘Ride’ is a term that has been used occasionally to describe the feel of a shoe while running, yet it has never formally been defined nor have there been any suggestions of how to objectively measure ‘ride’. In this study, we proposed a definition for ‘ride’, relating to the smoothness of the transition of the foot through the stance phase of gait, and suggested that the peak velocity in the anterior–posterior direction derived from the centre of pressure would be an appropriate measure to quantify ‘ride’. Then, we used experimental evidence to advocate the appropriateness of this assessment. Thirteen participants ran over 160 metres in two pairs of shoes with different midsole compliance, and subjectively evaluated the ‘ride’ and comfort of each shoe. Centre of pressure was measured from pressure-sensing insoles and the peak velocity in the anterior–posterior direction was taken from the transition from heel to forefoot. It was found that individuals were able to perceive the ‘ride’ of a shoe and the shoe with the lower peak velocity coincided with a significantly higher rating of ‘ride’ and comfort (p < 0.001). However, it was not always the shoe with the softer midsole that had a smoother ‘ride’, as 5 out of 13 participants had a smoother ‘ride’ in the stiff midsole. Further research is required to understand why certain individuals have a smoother ‘ride’ in a compliant versus a stiff midsole. This concept could prove useful in the real world and could possibly be implemented within a shoe store to help guide the selection of a shoe.
PENGARUH INDEPENDENSI DAN KOMPETENSI AUDITOR TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT INTERNAL PADA BANK BUMN DI MEDAN

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan memberikan bukti bahwa indepensi dan kompetensi auditor berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit penelitian ini berbentuksurvey research yang menggunakan kuisioner untuk mengumpulkan data yang diperlukan . kuisioner di bagikan kepada auditor di 3 bank bumn di kota medan dengan jumlah auditor 90 orang kuisioner di bagikan sebanyak 90 kuisioner dan yang kembali sebanyak 90 kuision . kualitas data yang di hasilkan dari penggunaan instrumaen penelitian dievaluasi dengan uji validitas dan reabilitas . hipotesis di uji dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda . hasil penelitian ini menerima independensi, kompetensi auditor berpengaryh terhadap kualitas audit Karena kualitas audit sangat penting untuk menjamin bahwa pofesi auditor memenuhi tanggung jawab kepada perusahaan dengan menagakkan etika yang tinggi.
Plasma puri cation is associated with reduced in ammation factors and down-regulation of lipid metabolic and ER stress proteins in patients with hyperlipidemia

Xiao Meng Zhang Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Yan Hong Gu Shanghai Pudong Hospital Hao Deng Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Zheng Quan Xu The First A liated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University Ze Yuan Zhong Division of Orthopedic, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Hui Min Jin (  hmjgli@163.com ) Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Xiu Hong Yang Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University
MODULATION OF AFLATOXINS TOXICITY IN RATS BY ETHANOLIC POMEGRANATE PEEL ( Punica granatum.L ) EXTRACT

This work was conducted to investigate the effect of ethanolic pomegranate peels (PP) extract on liver and kidney structure and function in rats experimentally exposed to different doses of aflatoxins (AFS). An experiment was conducted for 6 weeks, 36 male rats were divided into 6 groups (6 rats in each). G 1 served as vehicle treated control, G 2 received PP extract via gavage (50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) daily). G 3 received AFS via gavage (1 mg/kg b.w.) twice/week. G 4 received AFS via gavage (2 mg/kg b.w.) twice/week. G 5 received AFS twice/week (1 mg/kg b.w.) + (PP) extract daily (50 mg/kg b.w.). G 6 received AFS twice/week (2 mg/kg b.w.) + (PP) extract daily (50 mg/kg b.w.). Liver enzymes (Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT), Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)), Total Protein (TP), albumin and renal biochemical parameters (creatinine, urea and uric acid) were estimated in serum at 3 rd and 6 th week post treatment , while pathological examination of liver and kidney was performed at the end of experiment. Result demonstrated that both aflatoxins administrated levels caused elevation in AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea and uric acid and a decrease in TP and albumin in dose and time dependant manner, while synergistic administration of PP extract and AFS resulted in limitation of the negative effects of AFS on the tested parameters especially with low AFS dose and longer time. Pathological examination revealed that the severity of damage in liver and kidney correlated with aflatoxins , doses. While PP extract administration was able to protect liver and kidney against low AFS dose and minimize the damage of liver and kidney induced by high AFS dose.
Breast cancer screening in and mutation carriers after risk reducing salpingo-oophorectomy

Background: Breast cancer screening is offered to BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers from the age of 25 years because of their increased risk of breast cancer. As ovarian cancer screening is not effective, risk-reducing salpingho-oophorectomy (RRSO) is offered after child bearing age. RRSO before menopause reduces the breast cancer risk as well as breast density. It can be questioned whether after premenopausal RRSO, the intensive breast cancer screening program needs modification. Methods: We evaluated the effectiveness of breast cancer screening by clinical breast examination (CBE), mammography and MRI in a population of 88 BRCA1 and 51 BRCA2 mutation carriers who had RRSO before the age of 52. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each screening modality. Results: During 422 women years, 14 breast cancers were diagnosed; 2 prevalent, 10 screen detected and 2 interval breast cancers (12 in BRCA1 and 2 in BRCA2 mutation carriers). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for the combined screening were 85.7%, 97.6%, 30.0% and 99.8%, respectively. No tumors were found with CBE, MRI had a sensitivity of 60.0% and mammography of 55.6%. Off all the tumors, 60% were node positive. Discussion: Effectiveness of CBE and mammography was comparable to earlier findings. MRI screening seemed less effective than earlier findings. After RRSO, the breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers is still high enough to justify intensive breast cancer screening with MRI and mammography.
Cardiopulmonary Effects of Laparoscopic Ovariectomy of Variable Duration in Cats

Objective To evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of low-pressure (6 mmHg) peritoneal insufflation of varying duration in healthy cats during ovariectomy (OVE). Study Design Prospective, randomized study. Animals Female cats (n = 24). Methods After anesthesia induction, cats had short (Short LAP; n = 8) or long duration (Long LAP; n = 8) laparoscopic ovariectomy, or Open OVE (Open; n = 8) for comparison. Hemodynamic and pulmonary measurements were recorded after induction of anesthesia (T0), 5 minutes after abdominal insufflation had reached 6 mmHg of pressure (T1), after the 2nd ovary had been resected (T2), after abdominal decompression (T3), and at the end of anesthesia, after abdominal closure (T4). Hemodynamic and pulmonary variables were compared between groups. Results Low-pressure abdominal insufflation caused cardiopulmonary changes in cats. At T1 and T2, Long LAP and Short LAP caused a significant change in PvCO2 and RC when compared with Open. During T3, RC was lower only in Long LAP. At T2, there was decrease in SV, but not CO for Long LAP when compared with Open. Conclusions Duration of insufflation was associated with worsening of negative cardiopulmonary effects; however, these effects were reversible and resolved by the end of the procedure.
M OLECULAR P HYLOGENY OF L IVING X ENARTHRANS AND THE I MPACT OF C HARACTER AND T AXON S AMPLING ON THE P LACENTAL T REE R OOTING .

Extant xenarthrans (armadillos, anteaters and sloths) are among the most derived placental mammals ever evolved. South America was the cradle of their evolutionary history. During the Tertiary, xenarthrans experienced an extraordinary radiation while South America remained isolated from other continents. The 13 living genera are relicts of this earlier diversification and represent one of the four major clades of placental mammals. Sequences of the three independent protein-coding nuclear markers a 2B adrenergic receptor (ADRA2B), breast cancer susceptibility (BRCA1), and von Willebrand Factor (VWF) were determined for 12 of the 13 living xenarthran genera. Comparative evolutionary dynamics of these nuclear exons using a likelihood framework revealed contrasting patterns of molecular evolution. All codon positions of BRCA1 were shown to evolve in a strikingly similar manner, and third codon positions appeared less saturated within placentals than those of ADRA2B and VWF. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of a 47 placental data set rooted by three marsupial outgroups resolved the phylogeny of Xenarthra with some evidence for two radiation events in armadillos and provided a strongly supported picture of placental interordinal relationships. This topology was fully compatible with recent studies dividing placentals into the Southern Hemisphere clades Afrotheria and Xenarthra and a monophyletic Northern Hemisphere clade (Boreoeutheria) composed of Laurasiatheria and Euarchontoglires. Partitioned likelihood statistical tests of the position of the root, under different character partition schemes, identified three almost equally likely hypotheses for early placental divergences: a basal Afrotheria, an Afrotheria + Xenarthra clade or a basal Xenarthra (Epitheria hypothesis). We took advantage of the extensive sampling realized within Xenarthra to assess its impact on the location of the root on the placental tree. By resampling taxa within Xenarthra, the conservative Shimodaira-Hasegawa likelihood based test of alternative topologies was shown to be sensitive to both character and taxon sampling.
Broadband beam shaping using two cascaded diffractive optical elements with different sizes of effective phase region

A unique design method of two cascaded diffractive optical elements (DOEs) with different sizes of effective phase region to modulate broadband beam is presented with consideration of single production material and low relief height on DOE. The iterative algorithm to calculate the relief heights on these DOEs is introduced at first. Where after, a broadband beam at wavelength from 500nm to 600nm propagates through the designed DOEs and is focused on the target plane in the simulation part. The shaping results demonstrate the excellent shaping ability of this unique design method. The shaping system proposed in this paper is significant for nonmonochromatic light modulation and has many applications such as graphic encryption, three-dimensional color display and multi wavelength division multiplexing.
JAC 49/2 pp. 387-389

In a recent survey of British medical microbiologists, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was voted one of the most important emergent multidrug-resistant pathogens. As well as causing bacteraemias, S. maltophilia has been reported to be responsible for many different organ-specific infections and is an important cause of respiratory tract colonization in young adults with cystic fibrosis. S. maltophilia isolates are resistant to many clinically useful antibiotics, with -lactam resistance being mediated through two -lactamases, L1 and L2, whose expression is induced when cells are exposed to -lactam antibiotics. Little is known about the mechanism(s) used to regulate L1 and L2 expression, so the experiments presented in this report were designed to investigate the regulation of L1 and L2 expression in S. maltophilia by isolating mutants in which L1 and L2 expression were altered.
Multi-modality Therapies for Advanced Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type (SCCOHT): Three Case Reports and Literature Review

Background Small-cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare but highly undifferentiated, aggressive malignancy that primarily affects young women. Due to the early onset, unclear familial history, and vague presenting symptoms, most SCCOHT patients present with advanced disease and have a very poor prognosis. Although several therapeutic regimens have been proposed, there is no consensus on the optimal strategy. Case presentation We described three cases of advanced-stage SCCOHT treated with cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy with or without immune checkpoint blockade treatment. The patients showed different survival rates. Given the almost universal mortality of advanced SCCOHT during long-term follow-up, we believe these cases highlight the importance of prompt diagnosis as well as early, aggressive, and combined modality treatment of SCCOHT. We also believe that improved therapies could result in more young patients surviving SCCOHT.
Effect of existing building on tunneling-induced ground movements

The goal of this thesis is to assess the influence of an existing structure on tunneling-induced ground movements. This is accomplished through 2D numerical simulations that are compared with similar prior studies reported by Potts and Addenbrooke (1997). The current study uses the Plaxis finite element code together with the Hardening Soil (HS and HSS) family of constitutive models in order to represent the undrained shear behavior of clay. Input parameters of the HS and HSS models were calibrated for the case of London Clay and compared with results of Potts and Addenbrooke (1997) who used a non-linear elastic model (PJ model). Results have clearly indicated that the choice of soil model has an important influence on the prediction of greenfield ground settlement. The HSS model with the selected set of stiffness parameters provides a reasonable fit with the PJ model and matches closely the greenfield settlement trough expected from empirical models. Numerical analyses are carried out to evaluate the effects of the self-weight, and equivalent elastic bending and axial stiffness of a surface building on tunneling-induced ground movements. For the case of a weightless building, design modification factors for bending and axial stiffness are consistent with results promulgated in Potts and Addenbrooke (1997). For the self-weight scenario, the current analyses indicated that neglecting this factor in the analyses can result in nonconservative estimate of modification factors for deflection ratio and horizontal strain. It is therefore suggested that the effect of building weight cannot be neglected when the boundary effect of building stiffness on the ground is used as a tool to reduce the estimated values of greenfield settlement trough or deflection ratio and horizontal strain of existing buildings in a building damage assessment.