Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Electrical Cardiometry in Paediatrics and Neonatal Anaesthesia and Intensive Care: A Narrative Review

The Role of Electrical Cardiometry in Paediatrics and Neonatal Anaesthesia and Intensive Care: A Narrative Review. Anesthesia and Critical care 4 (2022): 73-83. Abstract Invasive hemodynamic monitoring could be challenging among pediatrics, particularly infants and new-borns. This current narrative review aims to discuss and present the published literature that addresses the optimal use and validity of the electrical cardiometry (EC) device among pediatrics. This is a non-invasive continuous cardiac output and hemodynamic monitor that measures the electrical transthoracic bioimpedance. focused on PubMed (MEDLINE), Saudi Digital library (SDL), and Google Scholar database between 2010 and 2022. English language studies were Anesthesia and Critical Care to track CO changes over the time (Trend). However, EC absolute values for CO were interchangeable with the CO measurements derived from the thermodilution technique in some studies and were not interchangeable in some others. The variation in clinical conditions and surgical procedures affected the performance EC CO. In specific clinical scenarios, EC CO trend changes proved to be of extreme help during transportations and in operating rooms during PDA ligation. The EC technology is easy to use and is an addition for future developments in monitoring, particularly for the pediatric age group. More studies are recommended to improve further the precision of the absolute CO measurements and to study the impact of the EC on short- and long-term clinical outcomes. non-invasive continuous cardiac (CO)
Status of Vitamin D, Calcium and Parathyroid Hormone Levels and Hepatorenal Function in Untreated Pulmonary Tuberculosis:
A Matched Case-Control Study

10.30699/jambs.30. 139.109 Background & Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) remains an ongoing major public health problem in the world. In recent years, experimental evidenc suggests a link between TB and Vitamin (Vit) D. This study was conducted to determine serum Vit D, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and parathormone (PTH) levels in untreated pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. Materials & Methods: In this case control study, 50 outdoor PTB patients were selected with 50 gender- matched controls from April 2019 to March 2020. Controls were drawn randomly from general population. Body mass index (BMI), serum Vit D, PTH, Ca, P, Albumin (Alb), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total and direct bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels were measured in the two study groups. The results were analyzed on SPSS version 25. Results: Median [IQR] Vit D levels were 17.4 [14.0- 24.0] ng/ml in cases,and 23.0 [18.0- 27.0] ng/ml in controls (p=0.002). Median [IQR] serum corrected Ca value for the TB patients (8.91 [8.60- 9.15] mg/dL) was significantly lower than that of the healthy controls (9.60 [9.15- 9.89] mg/dL, P< 0.001). Median [IQR] PTH was 48 in TB patients [45- 52 pg/ml] and 38 in controls [28- 42 pg/ml] (p<0.0001). Conclusion: BMI and uncorrected and corrected serum Ca, P, Vit D, Alb, and both two aminotransferases levels were significantly lower and serum PTH was significantly higher in patients with TB as compared to controls.
Factors affecting the underwater phase of the swimming start

The start in swimming is crucial to performance in competition. Following the introduction of the Omega OSB11 block in 2010 saw the evolution of the kick-start, a number of studies have demonstrated that this technique is advantageous to start performance due to the increase in horizontal take-off velocity. Consequently, swimmers are now utilising this technique during competition and this evolution in technique has highlighted the need to re-evaluate swimming start literature. The swimming start is typically broken into three phases; on-block, flight and underwater, with swimmers spending the longest amount of time in the underwater phase. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the main factors that affect the underwater phase of the swimming start. To achieve this, the thesis was broken into four sections; the first section characterised the elite swimming start using the kick-start technique and identified key parameters that affect overall start performance. The second section compared three underwater trajectories used by elite swimmers and found that the fastest trajectory is a trade-off between utilising a depth that would reduce resistance while not introducing excessive vertical translation. The third section investigated the relationship between drag, velocity and depth and how it affects the underwater phase. Using the findings from the first three sections theoretical recommendations were established for the ideal underwater trajectory that elite swimmers should adopt to reduce resistance and achieve better start performances. These recommendations were then implemented in the fourth section which aimed to determine if precise quantitative biomechanical feedback could be used to train swimmers to their ideal underwater trajectory. The outcomes of this research highlight the value of a multidisciplinary approach and provide recommendations which can be used practically by coaches and sport scientists in the future to effectively improve start performances.
Assessment of Clinical and Laboratory Data among the Readmitted COVID-19 and Non COVID-19 Patients in Iran

Background & Objective: Hospital readmissions are common and expensive. Identifying the patients who are at high risk of readmission can decrease readmission cases. Hence, in the present study, the clinical characteristics, biomarker results, and Computed Tomography (CT) criteria of all the readmitted patients were assessed. Materials & Methods: Data of 98 readmitted patients to the Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran were reviewed from December 22, 2019 through June 20, 2020. We classified the readmitted patients into three groups: patients (1) without COVID-19 symptoms, (2) with suspected COVID-19, and (3) with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Results: Our data revealed that the frequency of gender was significantly different between the groups (with higher frequency in men). The duration between the two admissions was significantly low in the confirmed COVID-19 group. Ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were more common in confirmed COVID-19 group. High levels of CRP, and ESR were detected in the confirmed COVID-19 group. During the first admission, the WBC count was significantly lower in the confirmed COVID-19 group, the RBC count and hemoglobin level were significantly higher in both first and second admissions in the confirmed COVID-19 group. Most of the patients had bilateral lung lesions and ground glass opacities (GGO) in their CT Scans in the second admission. Conclusion: Our data suggested that the older men and ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus had a high risk of hospital readmission in COVID-19. The confirmed COVID-19 group showed a shorter time to be readmitted.
Assessment of Patient Experiences in an Academic Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Introduction Patient continuous assessment is an important component of patient-centered healthcare systems and requires the identification of the services and resources of these systems to ensure patient satisfaction. This study aimed to determine the factors that affect patient satisfaction, identify patients' unmet health care and informational needs, and suggest measures to fill these gaps in healthcare systems. Methods A cross-sectional study included 235 patients who were admitted to the medical ward of an educational tertiary healthcare center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between June-September 2016. A self-administered questionnaire based on the Arabic version of the "échelle de qualité des soins en hospitalisation" or the quality of care in hospitalization scale (ESQ-H) consisting of two subscales that measured their satisfaction with the services received was offered to the study participants. We analyzed the data to identify factors associated with patient dissatisfaction using IBM SPSS® Statistics Version 21.0. Results The patients included 145 males (61.7%) and 90 females (38.3%). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.933 for the questionnaire. In the subscale associated with the quality of the medical information patients received, three independent variables were associated with higher patient satisfaction: planned patients' hospital stay (p<0.001), patients' health improvement (p<0.001), and patients' overall life satisfaction (p<0.001). In the subscale associated with patients' relationship with medical staff and the daily routine of the medical ward, four independent variables were significant: male gender (p=0.007), patients, if the hospital stay was planned (p=0.009), improvement of patients' health (p<0.001), and patients' overall life satisfaction (p=0.006). Conclusion Patients' satisfaction level was "very good" with the medical information subscale and "excellent" with the relationship subscale. We found that although patients were satisfied with some aspects of their health care, other aspects required more attention; hence, the resolution of patients' unmet health care and informational needs should be prioritized by stakeholders to improve patient satisfaction. Furthermore, the patients should be informed about what they can expect during their upcoming hospital stay, their overall life satisfaction should be considered, and patients with issues related to their life satisfaction should be appointed a social worker.
INFLAMMATORY REACTION AGINST MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM INFECTION IN BROILER

This study was carried out to investigate the Inflammatory reaction in broiler chicken after experimental infection with Mycoplasma gallisepticum(MG) , which were evaluated by using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) to measure pro inflammatory cytokines and IgG. one hundred day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into five groups 20 birds each group, all groups except group 5 (control) were infected at two weeks old with 0.2ml of 106 cfu/bird of local MG ,groups treated as follows: Group1 : infected Intravenous( I.V) with MG isolate. Group2: : infected Intraocular (I.O) ,Group3: infected Intranasal (I.N),Group4: : infected Intratracheal (I.T) infection, Group5: were not: infected with MG isolate. Blood samples were collected at 1,2,3and 4 weeks post infection to measure Interleukin 1(IL1),Tummer necrosis factor (TNF),Interferon gamma( IFG) used ELISA, also IgG was measure ELISA test at 2,3and 4 weeks after infection . The results of Serological test showed the infected groups with MG revealed significant increase in the levels of IL-1, IFG, TNF (pro inflammatory cytokines) and IgG production compared with control group ,the group 4( I.T) had higher level of these pro-inflammatory cytokines and Immunoglobulins more than other infected groups in all period post infection. From these result, it was concluded that the local isolate of Mycoplasma gallisepticum has the ability to in induce inflammatory reaction in infected broiler chicken.
Correlation between Serum Levels of Calprotectin with Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Background & Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease defined by chronic synovitis and progressive joint destruction. This study investigated calprotectin as a serological marker in the hope of establishing an adequate means of diagnosing RA and following up on patients. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study included 32 RA patients who were referred to the rheumatology clinic of Baqiyatallah Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from 2019 to 2020. Clinical examinations and requested laboratory tests was performed. The final visit was placed after a year with the same method as the initial visit. Disease activity was assessed by Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS-28) for 28 joints which is assessable by ESR or CRP and data were analyzed by SPSS 20 version. Results: changes over time were significant in both (P=0.00 and P=0.00), and a significant relationship was found between the quantitative scores of the two forms of DAS-28 (P<0.000). Calprotectin did not show any significant correlation with either form of the DAS-28 quantitatively. Ahead of logistic regression analysis on the after one-year C-reactive protein based DAS-28 data, patients with cured disease or low disease activity were combined into one group. Accordingly, calprotectin was able to predict RA activity level to some extent (P=0.06), though a more efficient prediction was achieved when erythrocyte sedimentation rate and calprotectin were applied together (P=0.03). Conclusion: ESR and calprotectin did not show good power in predicting disease activity individually but they could have significantly high prediction potency combined.
Asynchronous Teleophthalmology for Monitoring Glaucoma Patients in a Rural German Region: A Retrospective Observational Pilot Study

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created an escalating need for limiting in-person examination and potential viral exposure. Under these circumstances, teleophthalmology allows ophthalmologists to continue providing care to patients while ensuring their safety and that of the medical staff. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess patient satisfaction with an asynchronous teleconsultation for glaucoma patients in a rural German area. Secondary endpoints were patient adherence and the need to change the therapeutic regime. Methods: This retrospective, observational, and monocentric study included 50 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (n = 49) and ocular hypertension (n = 1) requiring medication to lower intraocular pressure (IOP). Only patients with well-controlled diseases were included, and a brief questionnaire was evaluated, which was completed one year after the baseline visit. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), IOP measurements, visual fields, optical coherence tomography images of the optic nerve head, ultra-widefield photographs of the fundus, and photographs of the anterior segment of the eye were taken at each visit by an experienced optometrist. Results: Of the 50 patients included, the mean number of follow-up visits in this observation period was 4.4. No patient was lost to follow-up, and there were a total of nine missed follow-up visits (but not lost to follow-up). No patients required a change in their treatment regime during the observational period. Regarding patient-focused assessment, the majority of patients were satisfied or very satisfied with teleconsultation in general. Conclusion: Asynchronous teleophthalmology is a promising option and effective means to monitor glaucoma patients. The majority of teleophthalmology patients were satisfied with their teleconsultation and adhered to the follow-up schedule. However, prospective trials with a larger number of patients and a more focused examination on specific patient populations are required. Further trials should also focus on the aspect of cost-effectiveness.
Knowledge, attitude and practice based survey on intracoronal bleaching among undergraduate dental students

Introduction: Intracoronal bleaching is a simple, useful procedure for restoring the colour of discoloured root - filled teeth that are not extensively restored. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, awareness and perception on intracoronal bleaching among undergraduate dental students. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted among 100 undergraduate dental students through a self administered questionnaire. The responses were collected, tabulated in excel sheets and analysed using SPSS software. Chi square test was used to analyze the level of knowledge on intracoronal bleaching among dental students in different years of study with statistical significance of P< 0.05. Results: The 4th year undergraduate dental students had high knowledge on intracoronal bleaching compared to others. 60.3 % of the participants were aware of the intracoronal bleaching with the p value of 0.002, which is statistically significant. Conclusion: This study concludes that the undergraduate dental students have a good knowledge and awareness on intracoronal bleaching and its techniques.
Komitmen Afektif dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Kepemimpinan Autentik sebagai Mediasi

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) Provinsi Riau dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah komitmen afektif berpengaruh terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) dan mengetahui apakah kepemimpinan autentik menjadi mediasi pada pengaruh komitmen afektif terhadap OCB. Populasi penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti adalah seluruh pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) dilingkungan Sekwan Provinsi Riau. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 196 orang dan yang dijadikan sampel sebanyak 132 orang. Analisa data penelitian ini menggunakan descriptive dan explanatory survey, sebagai alat analisis digunakan Struktural Equational Model yang diproses dengan software SmartPLS2. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa komitmen afektif berpengaruh terhadap organizational citizenship behavior pegawai Sekretariat DPRD Provinsi Riau dan kepemimpinan autentik memediasi pengaruh komitmen afektif terhadap organizational citizenship behavior pegawai Sekretariat DPRD Provinsi Riau.
Classification of Knot Defect Types Using Wavelets and KNN

Automatic defect classification methods are important to increase the productivity of the forest industry. In this respect, classification is also an important component of a pattern recognition system. Well designated classification algorithm will make recognition process more efficient and productive. Quality control is one of the most important steps among the applications that use classification. There are various techniques which are available in order to check quality of wooden material. However, display based quality control of wooden materials is still stands as a hard process. Although there are quality control methods, there are quality control problems because of the classification depending on the person’s eyestrain. We aim the reduction of labor costs. Also, we aim to achieve a more accurate and reliable way to make automatic quality classification. In this article, we proposed a method for quality control of wood material. In order to determine quality control of wooden material, knot detection algorithm which is developed using image processing techniques. This knot detection algorithm consists of several steps. These steps are morphological preprocesses in the knot preprocessing step, knot features obtained from Wavelet Moment (WM) in the feature extraction step, k nearest neighbor method (KNN) classification technique in the classification step. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eie. 22.6. 17227
Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of understorey biomass in semi-arid woodlands of south-eastern Australia

When managing grazing pressure for conservation, understanding forage dynamics is essential. In south-eastern Australia, ongoing grazing is inhibiting regeneration in several semi-arid woodland communities. Western grey kangaroos ( Macropus fuliginosus (Desmarest, 1817)) have been identified as a key component of total grazing pressure. They are thought to switch from grass to lower-quality browse, including tree seedlings, when grass biomass falls below 400 kg ha −1 . One static threshold may not adequately capture the spatial and temporal hazard associated with kangaroo grazing, and this study aimed to explore how grassy biomass varies across a case-study landscape. Understorey biomass and species composition data were collected in the field on seven occasions between December 2016 and May 2019. We used Generalised Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) to describe the influence of environmental and herbivory variables on total (live and dead) understorey, live understorey, and grass (live and dead) biomass. Canopy cover showed the strongest influence on understorey biomass, with more biomass found in open sites than in woodland. Understorey biomass levels were lowest in summer and autumn. Grass biomass, in particular, fell below the 400 kg ha −1 forage-switch threshold in wooded areas during this time. We anticipate that an increased understanding of understorey biomass dynamics will inform managers as to when and where to focus management efforts to promote regeneration and sustained recovery of these semi-arid woodlands. Results of this study suggest that conducting management efforts before the summer/autumn decline in understorey biomass, particularly in woodlands, is critical in reducing the browsing risk to seedlings.
Association of HLA-DR1, HLA-DR13, and HLA-DR16 Polymorphisms with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-Analysis

Objectives The principal purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association between HLA-DRB1 (HLA-DR1, HLA-DR13, and HLA-DR16) polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility. Methods We searched published case-control studies on the association between HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility from PubMed and Web of Science databases. The pooled ORs with 95% CIs were utilized to estimate the strength of association of HLA-DR1, HLA-DR13, and HLA-DR16 polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility by fixed effect models. We also performed sensitivity analysis, trial sequential analysis, Begg's test, and Egg's test in this meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall analysis showed that HLA-DR1 and HLA-DR13 polymorphisms were associated with a decreased risk of SLE (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65-0.90, P < 0.01; OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.50-0.68, P < 0.01), and HLA-DR16 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of SLE (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.24-2.33, P < 0.01). In subgroup analysis of ethnicity, the results were as follows: HLA-DR1 polymorphism in Caucasians (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.58-0.98,P = 0.04) and North Americans (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42-0.96,P = 0.03); HLA-DR13 polymorphism in Caucasians (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.82,P < 0.01) and East Asians (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.34-0.57,P < 0.01); and HLA-DR16 polymorphism in East Asians (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.71-4.03,P < 0.01). Conclusions This meta-analysis showed that HLA-DR1 and HLA-DR13 are protective factors for SLE, and HLA-DR16 is a risk factor. Due to the limitations of this meta-analysis, the association between HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility needs to be further researched before definitive conclusions are proved.