Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Observing Precipitation through Dual-Polarization Radar Measurements

Dual-polarization radar measurements of precipitation are primarily influenced by the size, shape, orientation, and phase of scattering hydrometeors. As a result, these measurements can serve as a tool for remote identification of hydrometeor characteristics. This paper presents an overview of the definitions, observed values, and applications of differential reflectivity (ZDR) and linear depolarization ratio (LDR) measurements. Brief examples of these measurements are given for widespread stratiform precipitation, a rapidly developing convective cell, and a severe hailstorm. The results outline the role that ZDR can play in the differentiation of rain and solid precipitation, identification of supercooled raindrops above the 0°C level, and identification of hail at the surface. LDR measurements are seen to reveal contrasts in ice-particle shape, orientation, and particle phase. These contrasts are of particular benefit toward delineation of hail regions aloft and identification of mixed-phase particle gr.
A Longitudinal Cohort Study of Adolescent Social Network Positions and Lifetime Daily Smoking and Nicotine Dependence

This study investigated the extent to which adolescent social network positions are associated with the risk of lifetime daily smoking and nicotine dependence (ND), and whether these associations differ by gender. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 6,267), this study estimated multinomial logistic regression models. An increase in in-degree nominations, out-degree nominations, and Bonacich centrality was associated with a lower relative risk of never smoking daily versus ever smoking daily. By contrast, adolescents with greater in-degree nominations, out-degree nominations, Bonacich centrality, and network reach in three steps were at decreased risk for lifetime ND. Gender-stratified models indicate that the negative association between network position and never smoking daily was driven largely by women, whereas the positive association between network position and lifetime ND was driven largely by men. Incorporating social network structural approaches into adolescent smoking prevention efforts may be beneficial.
Acidentes por escorpião no município de Colatina, Espírito Santo, no período de 2009 a 2019

Introdução: Os acidentes causados por animais peçonhentos correspondem a segunda maior causa de envenenamento no Brasil, são um importante problema de saúde pública e, em sua maioria, são ocasionados por escorpiões. Os acidentes causados pelos animais do gênero Tityus apresentam relevância para saúde pública devido a sua dispersão e adaptação em todo território nacional. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil das vítimas de acidentes e caracterizar a morbidade por escorpionismo no município de Colatina no período de 2009 a 2019. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de série de casos a partir de dados secundários oriundos do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: Ocorreram 2.122 casos de acidentes por escorpião no município. Destes, 61% foram em indivíduos do sexo masculino. A faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos foi mais acometida, representando 63% dos casos. Entre o ano de 2009 a 2019 observou-se um crescimento de 125% da taxa de incidência e 70% dos acidentes ocorreram entre os meses de julho a janeiro, destacando-se o maior quantitativo (n = 869) no período de setembro a dezembro. Conclusão: A incidência de escorpionismo teve crescimento no período analisado. Os resultados apresentados podem colaborar para a definição de estratégias e apoiar a tomada de decisão dos gestores locais na prevenção de acidentes por escorpiões.
Modeling of TiO 2-water Nanofluid Effect on Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop

This paper reports a numerical study on the force convection heat transfer and flow characteristics of a nanofluid containing water with various volume fractions of TiO2 (0.002<φ<0.02). The heat transfer coefficient (Nusselt number) and pressure drop of the nanofluid in a horizontal copper tube, under turbulent flow conditions (8000<Re<51000) with a single phase approach were investigated. The Nusselt number was enhanced with increasing the Reynolds number and nanoparticles volume fractions. Besides, with improving the heat transfer coefficient, the pressure drop was increased by using nanofluid. Modeling outcomes were compared with the experimental data. This comparison showed good agreement between the experimental data and the simulated results. In addition, two equations were developed to estimate Nusselt number and friction factor based on the dimensionless numbers. doi: 10.5829/idosi.ije. 2014.27. 02b.04
Whole-Genome Resequencing Reveals the Genetic Diversity and Selection Signatures of the Brassica juncea from the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau

Brassica juncea has adapted to diverse climate zones and latitudes, especially in the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau with the complexity and diversity of the ecological types of western China. However, the genetic variations underlying the diversity of these ecotypes are poorly known. In this study, we resequenced the genome of 193 indigenous B. juncea accessions and obtained 1.04 million high-quality SNPs and 3.23 million InDels by mapping reads to the reference genomes of B. juncea var. timuda. Phenotype, population genetic, phylogenetic and principal component analyses showed considerable genetic variation including four distinct genetic groups. Selective sweep analysis and a genome-wide association study revealed the candidate genes for seed color and fatty acid biosynthesis. The results provide a comprehensive insight into the spread and improvement of B. juncea and laya foundation for accelerating rapeseed breeding by facilitating screenings of molecular markers.
Cloud Resolving Modeling of Tropical Cloud Systems during Phase III of GATE. Part III: Effects of Cloud Microphysics

Abstract Large-scale conditions during the 7-day period of Phase III of the Global Atmospheric Research Program Atlantic Tropical Experiment are used to study effects of cloud microphysics on the convecting tropical atmosphere. Two-dimensional numerical experiments evaluate the effects of extreme changes to the cloud microphysics in the cloud resolving model. The main conclusions are the following. (a) Extreme changes in cloud microphysics affect the temperature and moisture profiles in a way that approximately retains relative humidity profiles in all experiments. (b) With prescribed radiative tendencies, effects of cloud microphysics on surface processes are paramount. Extreme changes in warm rain microphysics indirectly affect the temperature and moisture profiles by modifying surface sensible and latent heat fluxes. For instance, smaller raindrops, and to a lesser degree slower conversion of cloud water into rain, result in enhanced updraft and downdraft cloud mass fluxes, a colder and drier boundary .
The investigation of the relationship between calculus students' cognitive process types and representation preferences in definite integral problems

This study focuses on the students’ cognitive process and preference of representation. We try to find an answer for that problem “How do students’ preferences of the multiple representations change in definite integral problems according to type of cognitive process”. The participants of the study are 26 undergraduate students who enrolled Calculus II course. The preferences of the student representation determined by the Representation Preferences Test and their type of cognitive process evaluated with Mathematical Process Instrument. Results show that the participants generally prefer algebraic representation. The visual type of participants’ preference tendencies are influenced by input representations.
Effects of core stability exercises on selected motor profi ciency indices and self-confi dence in teenage girl roller-skaters

Successful performance in many sports such as roller skates, often require recognition and appropriate agility, balance and self-confi dence to various situation. To achieve a high level of profi ciency and selfconfi dence, good core stability can help maximize roller skates performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of core stabilization exercises on selected motor profi ciency indexes (agility and dynamic balance) and self-confi dence in girl roller skaters. This is an experimental study. The population consists of the girls roller skaters between 14-16 years of age. Based on Solomon four group design, a total of 40 girl athletes were randomly assigned into four experiment and control groups. During 8 weeks each group received its own treatment and then all groups participated in a posttest. The experimental groups received experimental treatment during the experiment. The comparison of posttests indicated that experimental treatment (core stability training) has not signifi cant effect on the balance, agility and self-confi dence of girl roller skaters. It is, therefore, could be concluded that more intensity and duration of exercises are needed if the experimental treatment effect to increase the self-confi dence, balance and agility of participants in the study.
Some New Classes of Generalized Hermite-Based Apostol-Euler and Apostol-Genocchi Polynomials

Abstract In this paper, we introduce a new class of generalized Apostol-Hermite-Euler polynomials and Apostol-Hermite-Genocchi polynomials and derive some implicit summation formulae by applying the generating functions. These results extend some known summations and identities of generalized Hermite-Euler polynomials studied by Dattoli et al, Kurt and Pathan.
The Implementation of the Ice-Phase Microphysical Process into a Four-Dimensional Variational Doppler Radar Analysis System (VDRAS) and Its Impact on Parameter Retrieval and Quantitative Precipitation Nowcasting

AbstractThe microphysical process of a cloud-scale model used by a four-dimensional Variational Doppler Radar Analysis System (VDRAS) is extended from its original warm rain parameterization scheme to a cold rain process containing ice and snow. The development of the adjoint equations for the additional control variables related to ice physics is accomplished by utilizing the existing four-dimensional variational (4DVar) minimization framework employed by VDRAS. Experiments are conducted to examine the accuracy of the new 4DVar system with the ice physics scheme implemented and to explore the impact of the ice-phase process on numerical simulations, parameter retrievals, and the model’s quantitative precipitation nowcasting (QPN) capability.It is shown that the ice-phase microphysical process can significantly alter the kinematic and thermodynamic structure of deep convection and provide a better description of the contents of the hydrometeors. During the 4DVar minimization, using the VDRAS-predicted fre.
Assessing business process models: a literature review on techniques for BPMN testing and formal verification

PurposeTesting business processes is crucial to assess the compliance of business process models with requirements. Automating this task optimizes testing efforts and reduces human error while also providing improvement insights for the business process modeling activity. The primary purposes of this paper are to conduct a literature review of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) testing and formal verification and to propose the Business Process Evaluation and Research Framework for Enhancement and Continuous Testing (bPERFECT) framework, which aims to guide business process testing (BPT) research and implementation. Secondary objectives include (1) eliciting the existing types of testing, (2) evaluating their impact on efficiency and (3) assessing the formal verification techniques that complement testing.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used is based on Kitchenham's (2004) original procedures for conducting systematic literature reviews.FindingsResults of this study indicate that three distinct business process model testing types can be found in the literature: black/gray-box, regression and integration. Testing and verification approaches differ in aspects such as awareness of test data, coverage criteria and auxiliary representations used. However, most solutions pose notable hindrances, such as BPMN element limitations, that lead to limited practicality.Research limitations/implicationsThe databases selected in the review protocol may have excluded relevant studies on this topic. More databases and gray literature could also be considered for inclusion in this review.Originality/valueThree main originality aspects are identified in this study as follows: (1) the classification of process model testing types, (2) the future trends foreseen for BPMN model testing and verification and (3) the bPERFECT framework for testing business processes.
Prediction of Combination Tones in the Cochlea Model by Different Non-Linear Functions

Combination tones (CT) phenomena have been known for three centuries and are one of the fundamental features associated with the cochlea’s non-linearity. CT are characterized by a perceived tone at frequency 2 1 2 f f − , when two sine waves ( and ) are introduced simultaneously. According to psychophysical measurements, CT level grows linearly with increase in primary tones level. Physiological experiments demonstrated linear growth of CT in low levels, and saturation in high primary tones level. CT phase behavior revealed a monotonic decrease with primary tones level increase according to both psychophysical and physiological measurements. 1 f
OSCILLATIONS OF FIRST ORDER LINEAR DELAY DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS

In the last few decades the oscillation theory of delay differential equations has been exten-sively developed. The oscillation theory of discrete analogues of delay differential equations hasalso attracted growing attention in the recent few years. The reader is referred to [1]-[11],[14]-[18], [20]-[35] and the references cited therein. In particular, the problem of establishing sufﬁ-cient conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the delay difference equation(1.1) ∆x
Family and Spousal Support Are Associated with Higher Levels of Maternal Functioning in a Study of Iranian Postpartum Women

Postpartum maternal functioning is a multidimensional concept defined as how a woman manages her daily activities and emotional health after giving birth. This study aimed to determine the predictors of postpartum maternal functioning. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 564 women within one to four months after giving birth (with registered medical records in health centers of Tabriz, Iran) from 2020–2021. The participants were selected based on the cluster sampling method, and data were collected using a standard questionnaire inclusive of sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics, obstetric history, and Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF). The adjusted general linear model was employed to estimate the effect of each independent variable (sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics) on the dependent variable (maternal functioning). The mean total score of maternal functioning was 93.1 (±SD = 14.8) out of 120. Based on the adjusted generalized linear model (GLM), “spouse support” and “family support” were strong predictors of maternal functioning. The total score of maternal functioning in women with moderate (B: −4.44; 95% CI: −7.71 to −1.17; p < 0.001) and low (B: −4.77; 95% CI: −8.90 to −1.47; p < 0.001) spousal support was significantly lower compared to women who received a high level of spousal support. Additionally, this score in women with moderate (B: −5.22; 95% CI: −8.56 to −1.87; p < 0.001) and low (B: −3.90; 95% CI: −7.31 to −0.48; p < 0.001) family support was significantly lower compared to women who received a high level of family support. Study results suggest that receiving support from both a spouse and family members can improve maternal functioning.
Shallow Seismicity in the Long Beach–Seal Beach, California Area

Seismicity can help to locate fault zones that are often difficult to characterize in densely populated urban areas. In this study, we use three dense nodal arrays consisting of thousands of sensors to detect and locate seismic events in the Long Beach–Seal Beach area of California. Small events can be detected at sufficient signal-to-noise levels during the night, when urban noise is relatively low. We detect and locate >1000 events with ML below 2. Most of the located events are clustered at very shallow depth (0–2 km). The results support previous suggestions that the shallow Newport-Inglewood fault is a wide splayed fault in this area. The seismicity pattern also compares well with some newly identified faults from reflection seismic surveys. The shallow events, which elude detection by the regional seismic network, underscore the complex nature of the faults and their seismic hazard.
Interest Point Detectors and Descriptors for IR Images : An Evaluation of Common Detectors and Descriptors on IR images

Interest point detectors and descriptors are the basis of many applications within computer vision. In the selection of which methods to use in an application, it is of great interest to know their performance against possible changes to the appearance of the content in an image. Many studies have been completed in the field on visual images while the performance on infrared images is not as charted.This degree project, conducted at FLIR Systems, provides a performance evaluation of detectors and descriptors on infrared images. Three evaluations steps are performed. The first evaluates the performance of detectors; the second descriptors; and the third combinations of detectors and descriptors.We find that best performance is obtained by Hessian-Affine with LIOP and the binary combination of ORB detector and BRISK descriptor to be a good alternative with comparable results but with increased computational efficiency by two orders of magnitude.
Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet Score in Pregnancy and the Incidence of Asthma at 4 Years of Age: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Several scoring methods for the Mediterranean diet, which is considered as a healthy diet, are available, but studies that have compared more than one of these scores are rare. In addition, the applicability of Mediterranean diet scoring has not been sufficiently examined outside of Mediterranean regions. We collected data on the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and the incidence of type 1 allergies in offspring from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Using multiple Mediterranean diet scoring methods, we analyzed the effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet in pregnancy on the allergies of the offspring. Overall, 46,532 pairs of mothers and children were analyzed. In Japan, a high adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy was associated with a lower incidence of asthma in the offspring (odds ratio: 0.896, 95% confidence interval: 0.835, 0.962). Furthermore, we found that the selection of the Mediterranean diet scoring method and the setting of the reference value significantly altered the results. Our findings suggest that an appropriate selection of scoring methods and a reference value for food items are important to analyze the effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet inside and outside of Mediterranean regions.
Why is ozone in South Korea and the Seoul metropolitan area so high and increasing?

Abstract. Surface ozone pollution in South Korea has increased over the past 2 decades, despite efforts to decrease emissions, and is pervasively in exceedance of the maximum daily 8 h average (MDA8) standard of 60 ppb. Here, we investigate the 2015–2019 trends in surface ozone and NO2 concentrations over South Korea and the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA), focusing on the 90th percentile MDA8 ozone as an air quality metric. We use a random forest algorithm to remove the effect of meteorological variability on the 2015–2019 trends and find an ozone increase of up to 1.5 ppb a−1 in April–May, while NO2 decreases by 22 %. Global 3-D atmospheric chemistry model simulations including recent chemical updates can successfully simulate surface ozone over South Korea and China as well as the very high free-tropospheric ozone observed above 2 km altitude (mean 75 ppb in May–June) and can reproduce the observed 2015–2019 emission-driven ozone trend over the SMA including its seasonality. Further investigation of the model trend for May, when meteorology-corrected ozone and its increase are the highest, reveals that a decrease in South Korea NOx emissions is the main driver for the SMA ozone increase. Although this result implies that decreasing volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions is necessary to decrease ozone, we find that ozone would still remain above 80 ppb even if all anthropogenic emissions in South Korea were shut off. China contributes only 8 ppb to this elevated South Korea background, and ship emissions contribute only a few parts per billion. Zeroing out all anthropogenic emissions in East Asia in the model indicates a remarkably high external background of 56 ppb, consistent with the high concentrations observed in the free troposphere, implying that the air quality standard in South Korea is not practically achievable unless this background external to East Asia can be decreased.
“Sex Should Not Be Part of the Lives of Persons with Disabilities, but They Are Human Beings Too”: Perceptions of Healthcare Providers and Factors Affecting Service Delivery in Ghana

Persons with disabilities (PwDs) constitute about 16% of the global population and face many challenges in every society, including access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. The attitudes of healthcare providers (HPs) exert a major influence on PwDs accessing sexual and reproductive healthcare (SRH). A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of HPs towards PwDs and SRH delivery in Ghana’s Ashanti region. Quantitative data analysis indicated that overall, 82% of HPs had received information on disability-related issues and had relatively positive attitude towards PwDs, which varied across sub-scales of the Attitude Towards Disability score and associated with their sociodemographic characteristics. HPs faced several challenges in SRH services delivery to PwDs, which included a lack of funding and training, and inadequate staff. Inductive thematic analysis of the qualitative data revealed eight overarching themes. The findings revealed that HPs had prejudice about the mental and sexual health abilities of PwDs. Inadequate skill set, inadequate resources, and limited funding were major challenges identified. Nonetheless, compassion and benevolence towards PwDs, improvision, economic and educational support, awareness creation, and referrals were strategies adopted to overcome these challenges. Mandatory training of HPs is recommended to ensure improved SRH service delivery to PwDs. Future research could explore the perceptions and coping strategies of PwDs.