Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Within Source Diversification When the Going Gets Tough: Examining Alterations to Human Service Nonprofit Funding by Levels of Government

Government increasingly relies on nonprofit organizations to deliver public services, especially for human services. As such, human service nonprofits receive a substantial amount of revenue from government agencies via grants and contracts. Yet, times of crises result in greater demand for services, but often with fewer financial resources. As governments and nonprofits are tasked to do more with less, how does diversification within the government funding stream influence government-nonprofit funding relationships? More specifically, we ask: How do the number of different government partners and the type of government funder—federal, state, or local—influence whether nonprofits face alterations to government funding agreements? Drawing upon data from over 2,000 human service nonprofits in the United States, following the Great Recession, we find nonprofit organizations that only received funds from the federal government were less likely to experience funding alterations. This helps to illustrate the economic impact of the recession on state and local governments as well as the nonprofit organizations that partner with them.
Effect of Estrogen Receptor Expression Level and Hormonal Therapy on Prognosis of Early Breast Cancer

Purpose Estrogen receptor (ER) expression in breast cancer plays an essential role in carcinogenesis and disease progression. Recently, tumors with low level (1%–10%) of ER expression have been separately defined as ER low positive (ERlow). It is suggested that ERlow tumors might be morphologically and behaviorally different from tumors with high ER expression (ERhigh). Materials and Methods Retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort database was performed. Patients who underwent curative surgery for early breast cancer and had available medical records were included for analysis. Difference in clinicopathological characteristics, endocrine responsiveness and five-year recurrence-free survival was evaluated between different ER subgroups (ERhigh, ERlow, and ER-negative [ER−]). Results A total of 2,162 breast cancer patients were included in the analysis, Tis and T1 stage. Among them, 1,654 (76.5%) were ERhigh, 54 (2.5%) were ERlow, and 454 (21.0%) were ER− patients. ERlow cases were associated with smaller size, higher histologic grade, positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, negative progesterone receptor, and higher Ki-67 expression. Recurrence rate was highest in ER− tumors and was inversely proportional to ER expression. Recurrence-free survival was not affected by hormonal therapy in the ERlow group (p=0.418). Conclusion ERlow breast cancer showed distinct clinicopathological features. ERlow tumors seemed to have higher recurrence rates compared to ERhigh tumors, and they showed no significant benefit from hormonal therapy. Future large scale prospective studies are necessary to validate the treatment options for ERlow breast cancer.
AN EVENT-BASED APPROACH TO MODELLING INTERMODAL FREIGHT SYSTEMS. IN: TRANSPORT LOGISTICS

This paper discusses intermodal system modeling from the perspective of intermodalism as an integrated transport service. The current intermodal modeling paradigms and implementations are reviewed and an innovative approach that encompasses the key technological and service related aspects of an intermodal system is proposed. Also addressed are some of the technical issues involved in embedding the proposed framework in a traditional network model. The paper has demonstrated that the event-based framework can be embedded into a traditional network model that can provide a valuable tool for modeling and evaluating the performance of intermodal systems.
Clima de seguridad laboral y conductas de seguridad en una empresa de la industria del acero en el Perú

Los trabajadores son el eje principal de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo, razón por la cual las empresas deben orientar sus esfuerzos hacia conocer cada vez más a su capital humano y lograr su toma de conciencia y participación en la gestión preventiva de la seguridad. Las variables utilizadas en la presente investigación son el clima de seguridad laboral (CLS), las conductas de seguridad (COS) y variables sociolaborales. Se verificó la fiabilidad mediante el alfa de Cronbach y las relaciones entre las variables se evaluaron con el coeficiente de Spearman, las pruebas t y ANOVA. Los principales resultados obtenidos son: 1) la fiabilidad de los constructos, 2) la verificación de la correlación significativa y positiva entre CLS y COS, 3) no se encontraron relaciones de causalidad de las variables sociolaborales con el CLS y las COS, y 4) las variables sociolaborales edad y tiempo de servicio influyen en la participación en la seguridad (PAS).
Selected Physicochemical Properties of the Soils Under Different Land Uses in Some Areas of Ethiopia

Agriculture is the primary source of income for most developing countries, including Ethiopia. However, Ethiopian agriculture is under risk due to unwise use of land resources and changes in land use. In Ethiopia, land use changes such as conversion of natural forest to farming, open grazing, and homestead land are common. These activities have resulted in the degradation of agricultural soil quality and a decrease in land productivity, resulting in low agricultural production and food insecurity in the country. As a result, long-term advantages for environmental health and economic growth are provided through sustainable management of agricultural resources such as soil. As a result, Ethiopia has recently developed an interest in assessing the quality of soil resources. Understanding the impact of agro-ecosystem change on agricultural soil quality and long-term land production requires assessing soil physicochemical parameters and their implications on soil fertility. Thus, many studies have been conducted with regards to designated physicochemical properties of the soils under different land use types. Therefore, this review papers were aimed to assess selected physicochemical properties of the soils under different land use in some areas of Ethiopia. Different studies showed that soil physicochemical properties such as Soil texture (sand, silt, clay), Bulk density, Total porosity (%), OC, C: N ratio, TN, pH, CEC Ava-P, and Ava (EB: K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ ), Ava (EX; Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ ) were influenced by different land use systems. The findings of the various research revealed that the degree and direction of changes in soil attributes under various land uses reflect the long-term impact of humans on land resources, as well as the repercussions of expanding human and animal populations. In comparison to the neighboring forest and grazing area soils, the soil properties under farmed land indicated an overall trend in the direction of loss of fertility. In general, continuous cultivation has degraded greatest of the important soil physicochemical attributes of the area as compared to the uncultivated lands. Therefore, the studies have been showed that reducing the continues cultivation and the use of integrated soil fertility management could help to sustain current soil conditions and restore the country’s damaged soil qualities.
ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR EARLY MATURING AND GRAIN YIELD IN SOME BREAD WHEAT CROSSES UNDER OPTIMUM AND LATE SOWING DATES

Considerable attention is paid in the Egyptian National Wheat Research Program to develop early maturing and high yielding cultivars. Therefore, six early to moderate maturing bread wheat lines were crossed to produce three cross populations. The six populations model was used through three growing seasons from 2017/18 to 2019/20. The objective was to determine the intraand inter-allelic gene interactions controlling earliness and some agronomic traits as well as identify the best germplasm which had accumulated early maturing gene pool. Results showed that late sowing date in end of December decreased all studied traits. Both additive and dominance gene effects and variances were important in inheritance of the studied traits. Additive effects and variance were larger than corresponding dominance ones in most cases. Heritability in broad and narrow sense and expected genetic advance as percent of F2 mean were moderate to high for all the studied traits. Negative and significant phenotypic and genotypic correlation between grain yield and earliness traits were obtained. Generally, most biometrical parameters resulted from cross 2 (line 3 x line 4) and cross 3 (line 5 x line 6) were higher in magnitude compared to cross 1 (line 1 x line 2), thus, these two crosses would be used in breeding program for improving earliness and grain yield traits. INTRODUCTION Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important and strategic cereal crops worldwide. In Egypt, wheat is the main winter cereal crop used as a staple food for urban and rural societies and the major source of straw for animal feed. Considerable attention is paid in the Egyptian National Wheat Research Program to develop early maturing and high yielding cultivars. Early maturing allows to escape of environmental stresses like disease and heat in the end of growing season (Acquaah, 2012). Also, shortduration wheat varieties are often preferred by farmers for use in crop intensification. They also require fewer inputs, especially for irrigation, Egypt. J. of Appl. Sci., 35 (11) 2020 144-162
Unlicensed and unregistered vehicle project: Summary report. Report to Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads

Unlicensed driving remains a serious problem for road safety, despite ongoing improvements in traffic law enforcement practices and technology. While it does not play a direct causative role in road crashes, unlicensed driving undermines the integrity of the driver licensing system and is associated with a range of high-risk behaviours. The Queensland Transport and Main Roads (TMR) commissioned a program of research with separate components relating to different aspects of unlicensed driving. Drawing on Australian and international studies, the Unlicensed and Unregistered Vehicle (UUV) project explores the nature of unlicensed driving in Queensland, consolidates the available research evidence and identifies gaps in current knowledge relating to the driving behaviours of unlicensed drivers.
Observables

This is the extended version of a talk presented at the J.W. Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt a. M. and at the same time a preview at a forthcoming extensive publication on the same subject. It is shown that there is a common background structure for quantum and classical observables. Moreover, a contextual generalization of the notion of quantum observable is proposed.
PLUM: static parallel program locality analysis under uniform multiplexing

Data movement has a significant impact on program performance. For multithread programs, this impact is amplified, since different threads often interfere with each other by competing for shared cache space. However, recent de facto locality metrics consider either sequential execution only, or derive locality for multithread programs in an inefficient way, i.e. exhaustive simulation. This paper presents PLUM, a compiler solution for time-scale locality analysis for parallel programs. Experiments demonstrate that the prediction accuracy is 93.97% on average. PLUM is the first tool that analyzes data locality for parallel programs during compile time; in addition, it provides an approach for efficiently studying the representative interleaving pattern for parallel executions.
The effect of increased heat integration on the cost for producing DME via black liquor gasification

Black liquor gasification is currently being developed as an alternative technology for energy and chemical recovery at chemical pulp mills. Substituting the recovery boiler with a black liquor gasification plant coupled to motor fuel production at a future market pulp mill will change the mill’s mass and energy balance from a surplus of both bark and electricity to a deficit. This study investigates the effect, on mass and energy balances and economy, of increased heat integration when a black liquor gasification plant producing DME is introduced to a kraft market pulp mill. By integrating the evaporation plant, the largest steam consumer at a pulp mill, with other parts of the mill and increasing the number of evaporation effects the need for live steam in the evaporation plant can be reduced by more than 50%. As a consequence, the mill’s need for external biomass decreases by 62%. At the same time, however, the need for external electricity increases by 35%. The additional operating cost, compared to a conventional mill with a recovery boiler, is dependent on the assumed biomass and electricity prices and the ratio between these prices. When a relatively low price ratio is assumed, the additional operating cost increases by approximately 2% when increased heat integration is considered. But when a relatively high ratio between the biomass and electricity prices is considered, increased heat integration decreases the additional operating cost by approximately 4%. The additional investment cost, compared to investing in a new recovery boiler, decreases by 10%. The cost for producing DME decreases by 1-5% depending on the assumed ratio between the biomass and electricity prices when increased heat integration is considered.
Production and cost of harvesting, processing, and transporting small-diameter (≤5 inches) trees for energy.

Dense, small-diameter stands generally require thinning from below to improve fire-tolerance. The resulting forest biomass can be used for energy production. The cost of harvesting, processing, and transporting small-diameter trees often exceeds revenues due to high costs associated with harvesting and transportation and low market values for forest biomass. Productivity and cost were evaluated in a whole-tree harvesting system on four fuel-reduction thinning treatment units in Arizona. Thinning required removal of trees less than 5.0 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH). Time studies were applied to evaluate the harvesting productivities and costs. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the effects of different variables on costs. Simulations along with break-even analysis were used to examine the economic feasibility of using forest biomass for energy. Harvest productivity for each machine in the system ranged from 2.31 to 39.32 bone dry tons per productive machine hour (BDT/PMH). Harvest system costs including transportation for 36 miles or less averaged $55.27 per bone dry ton. Hauling cost represented the largest component (47.24%) of the total cost. Close to market operations, reduced off-highway hauling, shortened skidding distance, increased harvest tree size, and improvement in system balance could significantly reduce cost. Below the market value of $40 per bone dry ton for hog fuel, breaking even or realizing profit would remain difficult. Other values, such as reducing fire risks, preventing smoke pollutions, and creating renewable energy sources, should increase the attractiveness of harvesting forest biomass for energy.
Prognostic significance of SDF-1 in colorectal cancer depends on CD8+ T-cell density

Background: Since colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common malignancies, a tremendous amount of studies keep taking place in this field. Over the past 25 years, a notable part of the scientific community has focused on the association between the immune system and colorectal cancer. A variety of studies have shown that high densities of infiltrating CD8+ T cells are associated with improved disease-free and overall survival in colorectal cancer (CRC). Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a protein that regulates leukocyte trafficking and is variably expressed in several healthy and malignant tissues. There is strong evidence that SDF-1 has a negative prognostic impact on colorectal cancer (CRC). However, based on a significant correlation of SDF-1 and CD8+ T cells in a previous study (r=0.53, p<0.0001), we hypothesized that the prognostic significance of SDF-1 in CRC could depend on the immune microenvironment. Therefore, we explored the combined prognostic significance of SDF-1 expression and CD8+ T cell density in a large CRC collective. Methods: We analyzed a tissue microarray (TMA) of 613 patient specimens of primary CRCs by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the expression of SDF-1 by tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and CD8+ T-cells. Besides, we analyzed the expression of SDF-1 at the RNA level in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort (TCGA). Results: We found that the the combined high expression of SDF-1 and CD8+ T-cell infiltration shows a favorable 5-year overall survival rate (66%; 95%CI=48–79%) compared to tumors showing a high expression of CD8+ T-cells only (55%; 95%CI=45–64%; p=0.0004). High expression of SDF-1 and CD8+ T-cells infiltration was significantly associated with a favorable prognosis also in a validation group (p=0.016). Univariate and multivariate Hazard Cox regression survival analysis considering the combination of both markers revealed that the combined high expression of SDF-1 and CD8+ T cells was an independent, favorable, prognostic marker for overall survival (HR=0.34, 95%CI=0.17–0.66; p=0.002 and HR=0.45, 95%CI=0.23–0.89; p=0.021, respectively). In a spearman’s correlation analysis from the TCGA cohort, SDF-1 also correlated significantly with CD8+ T cells (r=0.28). Conclusions: SDF-1 high /CD8 high density represents an independent, favorable, prognostic condition in CRC, most likely due to an effective antigen-specific immune response.
Recikliranje čestica korunda - abrazivno trošenje između dva tijela od polimernih kompozita na temelju otpada

Original scientific paper Recycling of all materials should be supported by modern society. Material recycling is one of the most important ways of dealing with waste. One of material recycling possibilities is an inclusion of waste into primary matrices. A suitable ratio and a combination of waste particles influence in a positive way mechanical properties of the material in which they are dispersed and they decrease its price. An example of the mentioned material recycling is a dispersion of corundum waste particles in the polymeric matrix. The combination of these types of matrix and filler gives birth to new polymeric particles composite creates a qualitatively brand new material. As most important characteristics of the polymeric particle composites, one often lists resistance to abrasive wear, hardness, impact resistance and strength and, last but not least, their cost. This article deals mostly with the two-body abrasive wear resistance and hardness of polymeric particle composites with the waste Al2O3 as filler and two-component epoxy matrix.
Familiarity and Desire to Perceive Medical Education Courses among School Students in India- A Pilot Study

The number of dentist serving the rural areas is relatively low and the practice of seeking general physicians for dental treatments can still be evident in areas where dental services are not accessible. But it is unclear whether students from suburban regions prefer to pursue dentistry as their first choice of preference. Hence, the present study was aimed to find the interest in dentistry among the aspiring school students, to evaluate if the existing exams remain a challenge, from choosing a medical course, and also to assess if the emergence of COVID-19 has actually increased the popularity of traditional medicines. A survey questionnaire with 16 questions was shared through online media to 200 school students both in urban and suburban regions after validation for this pilot study. After consent to participate, the responses collected were tabulated and statistically analyzed. It was observed that only 64% (urban) and 73% (suburban) were aware of dentistry with a slight increase in student’s choice for traditional medicine courses over allopathic medicine (40% urban, 48% suburban) post pandemic. Within the limitations of this study it is evident that school students are less aware of various dentistry courses, and access to training for the exams can motivate the number of students seeking admission to dentistry courses.
An experimental investigation into the effect of mill orientation angle on reabsorption factor.

The effect of mill orientation angle on reabsorption was investigated through a laboratory experiment using the C.R. Murry Experimental Milling Facility. With the blanket feeding in the vertically upward direction, a 20% reduction in measured reabsorption was consistently observed. A MILSIM model of this scenario predicted a 2.2 unit increase in 'Juice percent Juice' extraction and an 8.8 unit reduction in final bagasse moisture content for a five-mill train.
Transfer transitions : predictive models of entering transfer student academic success at Ball State University

THESIS TITLE: Transfer Transitions: Predictive Models of Entering Transfer Student Academic Success at Ball State University STUDENT: Charles Raymond Clausen DEGREE: Master of Arts in Student Affairs Administration in Higher Education COLLEGE: Teachers College DATE: May, 2014 PAGES: 79 Tinto’s (1993) Theory of Individual Departure from Institutions of Higher Education conceptualized the decision making process students navigate when committing to institutions of higher education and persisting to graduation. Transfer students are gaining the attention of administrators and policy-makers because of the high level of transfer activity in higher education. Many of these students face a uniquely difficult transition when moving from one institutional environment to another. The phenomenon, known as transfer shock, is the overall integration and adaptation difficultly that transfer students face (Hills, 1965). Since previous institution cumulative grade point average (GPA) is a criterion used in transfer admissions decisions, it was studied. Six-year graduation totals were also observed in the study because they indicates student commitment to their institution and goals toward graduation. The purpose of this study was to examine Ball State University entering transfer students and how to predict post-transfer GPA and six-year graduation based on previous institution cumulative grade point average, age, sex, previous institution type, and BSU college. Regression analysis was used to make predictive models for post-transfer GPA and six-year graduation using the observed variables (i.e., previous institution cumulative GPA, age, sex, previous