Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Constraints on the Component Masses of the Cataclysmic Variable WZ Sagittae

We present phase-resolved spectroscopy of the short-period cataclysmic variable WZ Sge obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope. We were able to resolve the orbital motion of a number of absorption lines that likely probe the environment near the accreting white dwarf. The radial velocities derived from simultaneous fits to 13 absorption lines indicate an orbital velocity semi-amplitude of KUV = km s-1. However, we find that the phase zero is offset from the white dwarf ephemeris by +0.1. Our offset and velocity amplitude are very similar to constraints derived from optical emission lines from the quiescent accretion disk, despite the fact that we are probing material much closer to the primary. If we associate the UV amplitude with K1, our dynamical constraints together with the published K2 estimates and the known binary inclination of i = 77 ± 2 imply 0.88 M☉ < M1 < 1.53 M☉, 0.078 M☉ < M2 < 0.13 M☉, and 0.075 < q = M2/M1 < 0.101. If we interpret the mean velocity of the UV lines [- km s-1] as being due to the gravitational redshift caused in the high-g environment near the white dwarf, we find vgrav = km s-1, which provides an independent estimate on the mass of the primary of M1 = M☉ when coupled with a mass-radius relation. Our primary mass estimates are in excellent agreement and are also self-consistent with spectrophotometric fits to the UV fluxes despite the observed phase offset. It is at this point unclear what causes the observed phase offset in the UV spectra and by how much it distorts the radial velocity signature from the underlying white dwarf.
A coherent method for detection of gravitational wave bursts

We describe a coherent network algorithm for detection and reconstruction of gravitational wave bursts. The algorithm works for two and more arbitrarily aligned detectors and can be used for both all-sky and triggered burst searches. We describe the main components of the algorithm, including the time-frequency analysis in a wavelet domain, construction of the likelihood time-frequency maps, and identification and selection of burst events.
Height pairings, exceptional zeros and Rubin's formula: the multiplicative group

In this paper we prove a formula, much in the spirit of one due to Rubin, which expresses the leading coefficients of various p-adic L-functions in the presence of an exceptional zero in terms of Nekovar's p-adic height pairings on his extended Selmer groups. In a particular case, the Rubin-style formula we prove recovers a p-adic Kronecker limit formula. In a disjoint case, we observe that our computations with Nekovar's heights agree with the Ferrero- Greenberg formula (more generally, Gross' conjectural formula) for the leading coefficient of the Kubota-Leopoldt p-adic L-function (resp., the Deligne-Ribet p-adic L-function) at s = 0.
Density-Functional Theory for Time-Dependent Systems

The response of an interacting many-particle system to a time-dependent external field can usually be treated within linear response theory. Due to rapid experimental progress in the field of laser physics, however, ultra-short laser pulses of very high intensity have become available in recent years. The electric field produced in such pulses can reach the strength of the electric field caused by atomic nuclei. If an atomic system is placed in the focus of such a laser pulse one observes a wealth of new phenomena [1] which cannot be explained by traditional perturbation theory. The non-perturbative quantum mechanical description of interacting particles moving in a very strong time-dependent external field therefore has become a prominent problem of theoretical physics. In principle, it requires a full solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for the interacting many-body system, which is an exceedingly difficult task. In view of the success of density functional methods in the treatment of stationary many-body systems and in view of their numerical simplicity, a time-dependent version of density functional theory appears highly desirable, both within and beyond the regime of linear response.
SIMULTANEOUS OBSERVATIONS OF PKS 2155−304 WITH HESS, FERMI, RXTE, AND ATOM: SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS AND VARIABILITY IN A LOW STATE

We report on the first simultaneous observations that cover the optical, X-ray, and high-energy gamma-ray bands of the BL Lac object PKS 2155−304. The gamma-ray bands were observed for 11 days, between 2008 August 25 and 2008 September 6 (MJD 54704−54715), jointly with the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and the HESS atmospheric Cherenkov array, providing the first simultaneous MeV–TeV spectral energy distribution (SED) with the new generation of γ-ray telescopes. The ATOM telescope and the RXTE and Swift observatories provided optical and X-ray coverage of the low-energy component over the same time period. The object was close to the lowest archival X-ray and very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) state, whereas the optical flux was much higher. The light curves show relatively little (∼30%) variability overall when compared to past flaring episodes, but we find a clear optical/VHE correlation and evidence for a correlation of the X-rays with the high-energy spectral index. Contrary to previous observations in the flaring state, we do not find any correlation between the X-ray and VHE components. Although synchrotron self-Compton models are often invoked to explain the SEDs of BL Lac objects, the most common versions of these models are at odds with the correlated variability we find in the various bands for PKS 2155−304.
Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES): An Earth Observing System Experiment

Abstract Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is an investigation to examine the role of cloud/radiation feedback in the Earth's climate system. The CERES broadband scanning radiometers are an improved version of the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) radiometers. The CERES instruments will fly on several National Aeronautics and Space Administration Earth Observing System (EOS) satellites starting in 1998 and extending over at least 15 years. The CERES science investigations will provide data to extend the ERBE climate record of top-of-atmosphere shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) radiative fluxes. CERES will also combine simultaneous cloud property data derived using EOS narrowband imagers to provide a consistent set of cloud/radiation data, including SW and LW radiative fluxes at the surface and at several selected levels within the atmosphere. CERES data are expected to provide top-of-atmosphere radiative fluxes with a factor of 2 to 3 less error than the ERBE data. Estimates of ra.
Hardness-Intensity Correlations in Magnetar Afterglows

We explore the hardness-intensity correlations observed in several AXPs and SGRs within the framework of a thermally emitting magnetar model. Using our detailed atmosphere models and taking into account reprocessing of the surface emission by the magnetosphere, we show that the hardness of the surface spectra increases with increasing temperature, and hence the changes in the effective temperatures of the outer layers of the star alone can account for the observed correlations. We conclude that the slow release of the heat deposited in the deep crust during a magnetar burst naturally accounts for the spectral changes during the afterglow. The correlations are further enhanced by changes in the structures of the magnetic currents during or following a burst. However, the additional hardening produced by scattering of the surface photons off the magnetospheric charges saturates at moderate values of the scattering optical depth.
``Anomaly'' in n = ∞ Alday-Maldacena duality for wavy circle

If the Alday-Maldacena version of string/gauge duality is formulated as an equivalence between double loop and area integrals a la arXiv: 0708.1625, then this pure geometric relation can be tested for various choices of n-side polygons. The simplest possibility arises at n = ∞, with polygon substituted by an arbitrary continuous curve. If the curve is a circle, the minimal surface problem is exactly solvable. If it infinitesimally deviates from a circle, then the duality relation can be studied by expanding in powers of a small parameter. In the first approximation the Nambu-Goto (NG) equations can be linearized, and the peculiar NG Laplacian ΔNG = Δ0−2+ plays the central role. Making use of explicit zero-modes of this operator (NG-harmonic functions), we investigate the geometric duality in the lowest orders for small deformations of arbitrary shape lying in the plane of the original circle. We find a surprisingly strong dependence of the minimal area on regularization procedure affecting the boundary terms in minimal area. If these terms are totally omitted, the remaining piece is regularization independent, but still differs by simple numerical factors like 4 from the double-loop integral which represents the BDS formula so that we stop short from the first non-trivial confirmation of the Alday-Maldacena duality. This confirms the earlier-found discrepancy for two parallel lines at n = ∞, but demonstrates that it actually affects only a finite number (out of infinitely many) of parameters in the functional dependence on the shape of the boundary, and the duality is only slightly violated, which allows one to call this violation an anomaly.
Hermite-Hadamard and Simpson-Like Type Inequalities for Differentiable Harmonically Convex Functions

A new identity for differentiable functions is derived. A consequence of the identity is that the author establishes some new general inequalities containing all of the Hermite-Hadamard and Simpson-like types for functions whose derivatives in absolute value at certain power are harmonically convex. Some applications to special means of real numbers are also given.
IL-17 in Protective Immunity to VaginalCandidiasis

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is caused by Candida albicans affects a significant number of women during their reproductive ages. Th17 cells play a major role in coordinating the host defense in oropharyngeal candidiasis. In this study we investigated the involvement of the Th17 response in an animal model of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). The present study aimed to shed light on detect concentration of the IL-17 of infected animal and control . A direct Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to quantify IL-17 concentrations in 30 infected animal with VVC and 10 control group. Rats were intravaginally inoculated with C.albicans, and vaginal lavage fluids, serum were evaluated for proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 The data suggest that IL-17, produced by vaginal cells, particularly CD4 T cells, detected in the vaginal wash and serum during the infection, reaching a maximum 14 days after the challenge.
The Las Campanas/Palomar 10,000 Kilometer Per Second Cluster Survey. I. Properties of the Tully-Fisher Relation

The first results from a Tully-Fisher (TF) survey of cluster galaxies are presented. The galaxies are drawn from 15 Abell clusters that lie in the redshift range ~9000-12,000 km s-1 and are distributed uniformly around the celestial sky. The data set consists of R-band CCD photometry and long-slit Hα spectroscopy. The rotation curves (RCs) are characterized by two parameters, a turnover radius rt and an asymptotic velocity va, while the surface brightness profiles are characterized in terms of an effective exponential surface brightness Ie and scale length re. The TF scatter is minimized when the rotation velocity is measured at r=(2.0±0.2)re; a significantly larger scatter results when the rotation velocity is evaluated at ≳3 or ≲1.5 scale lengths. This effect demonstrates that RCs do not have a universal form, specified only by luminosity, as suggested by Persic, Salucci, & Stel. The scatter minimum at r=2re is interpreted in terms of a thin stellar disk plus spherical dark halo mass model. Variations in halo mass and size at fixed disk mass and size can produce extra TF scatter at arbitrary radii, but no additional scatter at the special radius r=2re provided ρh∝M. In contrast to previous studies, a modest but statistically significant surface brightness dependence of the TF relation is found, v∝L0.28I. This indicates a stronger parallel between the TF relation and the corresponding fundamental plane relations of elliptical galaxies than has previously been recognized. The scatter of the optimized TF relation decreases with increasing luminosity and surface brightness (SB), from ~ 0.75 mag for low-luminosity, low-SB objects to ≲0.35 mag for high-luminosity, high-SB objects. This effect is well described by a model in which the intrinsic TF scatter is ~0.30 mag and most of the remaining scatter is caused by rotation velocity measurement errors of ~15 km s-1 independent of rotation amplitude. Future papers in this series will consider the implications of this cluster sample for deviations from uniform Hubble flow on ≳100 h-1 Mpc scales.
Intelligibility of temporally interrupted speech with and without intervening noise

Experiments were performed to examine changes in the intelligibility of temporally interrupted sentences when white noise was introduced during the speech–free interval. In experiment 1, listeners received the test material under two conditions at five interruption rates ranging from 0.77 to 3.85 interruptions per second (ips). In one instance the speech‐free interval was silent, while in the other it was switched to noise of the same average level as the speech. Experiment 2 examined the intelligibility of the speech message as a function of signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratio. The switching rate was held constant at 1.5 ips and the S/N ratio was varied from −30 to +18 dB. Results indicated that for the particular interruption conditions selected, speech switched to noise is significantly more intelligible than speech interrupted by silence. In addition, intelligibility of the interrupted sentences in the presence of intervening noise varies with the S/N ratio.
Isomorphic Universality and the Number of Pairwise Nonisomorphic Models in the Class of Banach Spaces

We develop the framework of natural spaces to study isomorphic embeddings of Banach spaces. We then use it to show that a sufficient failure of the generalized continuum hypothesis implies that the universality number of Banach spaces of a given density under a certain kind of positive embedding (very positive embedding) is high. An example of a very positive embedding is a positive onto embedding between and for 0-dimensional and such that the following requirement holds for all and in : if , then there are constants and with and .
THE 3.3 ㎛ PAH FEATURE AS A SFR INDICATOR: PROBING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN SF AND AGN ACTIVITIES

We utilize AKARI’s slitless spectroscopic capability to detect the 3.3 „m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emission and measure star formation (SF) activity for various AKARI programs. First, we obtain 2»5 „m spectra of 20 flux-limited galaxies with mixed SED classes in order to calibrate the 3.3 „m PAH luminosity (LPAH3:3) as a star formation rate (SFR) indicator. We find that LPAH3:3 correlates with LIR as well as with the 6.2 „m PAH luminosity (LPAH6:2). The correlations does not depend on SED classes. We find that ULIRGs deviate from the correlation between PAH luminosities and LIR, while they do not for the correlation between PAH luminosities. We suggest possible eects to cause this deviation. On the other hand, how AGN activity is linked to SB activity is one of the most intriguing questions. While it is suggested that AGN luminosity of quasars correlates with starburst (SB) luminosity, it is still unclear how AGN activity is connected to SF activity based on host galaxy properties. We are measuring SFRs for the LQSONG sample consisting of reverberation mapped AGNs and PG-QSOs. This is an extension of the ASCSG program by which we investigated the connection between SB and AGN activities for Seyferts type 1s at z » 0.36. While we found no strong correlation between LPAH3:3 and AGN luminosity for these Seyferts 1s, LPAH3:3 measured from the central part of galaxies correlates with AGN luminosity, implying that SB and AGN activities are directly connected in the nuclear region.
The Effect of a Hand Washing Education Program on Knowledge, Attitude and Performance of Hand Washing in Pre-practicum Nursing Students

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hand washing education program on knowledge, attitude and performance of hand washing in pre-practicum nursing students. The study used a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental pre-post test design. A total of 50 nursing students participated in this study. The experimental group was given lecture and practice, hand washing education program, developed by researcher. Data were analysed using, ratio, Chi-square, and t-test using the SPSS/Win 21.0 software package. The results of this study ware as follows: After the intervention the experimental group showed significant increases in the attitude and performance of hand washing. In conclusion, it was shown that the hand washing education program had significant impact on attitude and performance of hand washing to the nursing students. It is necessary for continuous education to improve the knowledge, attitude and performance of hand washing on nursing students.
Correlated low‐frequency electric and magnetic noise along the auroral field lines

Plasma wave and plasma measurements from the Dynamics Explorer 1 (DE 1) spacecraft are used to investigate an intense broadband spectrum of low-frequency, < 100 Hz, electric and magnetic noise observed at low altitudes over the auroral zones. This noise is detected by DE 1 on essentially every low-altitude pass over the auroral zone and occurs in regions of low-energy, 100 ev to 10 keV, auroral electron precipitation and field-aligned currents. The electric field is randomly polarized in a plane perpendicular to the static magnetic field. Correlation measurements between the electric and magnetic fields show that the perpendicular (∼ north-south) electric field fluctuations are closely correlated with the perpendicular (east-west) magnetic field fluctuations and that the Poynting flux is directed downward, toward the earth. The total electromagnetic power flow associated with the fluctuations is large, approximately 108 W. Two general interpretations of the low-frequency noise are considered: first, that the noise is produced by static fields imbedded in the ionosphere and, second, that the noise is due to Alfven waves propagating along the auroral field lines. For the static interpretation the ratio of the magnetic to electric field strengths at the base of the ionosphere is determined by the Pedersen conductivity, B/(µ0E) = Σp, whereas for the Alfven wave interpretation it is determined by the Alfven index of refraction, cB/E = nA. Measurements show that the magnetic to electric field ratio decreases rapidly with increasing height. This height dependence is in strong disagreement with the static model if the magnetic field lines are assumed to be equipotentials (E∥ = 0). At present, no satisfactory model is available for comparison with the data if an electrostatic potential drop is assumed to exist along the magnetic field (E∥ ≠ 0). The Alfven wave model is in good agreement with the general form of the height dependence of the magnetic to electric field ratio but disagrees in certain details. The cB/E ratio tends to decrease with increasing frequency and is usually somewhat larger than the computed value of the Alfven index of refraction. Some of these difficulties could be accounted for by reflections at the base of the ionosphere or propagation at large angles to the magnetic field (kinetic Alfven waves). For both the static model and the Alfven wave model the source must be located at high altitudes, since the average Poynting flux is always directed downward, even at radial distances up to 2 RE.
Medicinal Plants Used in Paediatric Health Care in Namungalwe Sub County, Iganga District, Uganda

Background: An ethnobotanical study was carried out in Namungalwe Sub County, Iganga District Eastern Uganda, to document medicinal plant species used in disease management among children. Methods: Ethnobotanical data was collected through interviews with households and key informants, Focus Group Discussions and the Snow ball technique. This was complemented by field observations and photography. Results: A total of 61 plant species and one mushroom species, Termitomyces microcarpus were reported to be used as medicinal plants used in the disease management among children. These species belonged to 36 families and 58 genera. The most commonly mentioned medicinal plant species were Vernonia amygdalina Delile , Chenopodium opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D. J.Koch & Ziz and Albizia corialia (Schum. & Thonn.) Benth. Most of the medicinal plant species belonged to the family Leguminosae (29.7%). The most commonly used plant life forms for peadiatric health care were herbs (45.2%), and leaves (53.1%) were the most used plant parts. Most of the medicines were prepared as decoctions. Malaria and diarhoea were the most frequently occurring ailment among children. Conclusion: There is diversity of traditional knowledge on medicinal plants used in the management of ailments among children in the study area. Mothers and other care takers in homes are the custodians of this knowledge.
A POD‐based ensemble four‐dimensional variational assimilation method

In this paper, a POD-based ensemble four-dimensional variational data assimilation method (referred to as PODEn4DVar) is proposed on the basis of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and ensemble forecasting techniques. The ensemble forecasts are conducted to obtain the model perturbations (MPs) and their corresponding observation perturbations (OPs). Under the assumption of the linear relationship between the MPs and the OPs, the POD transformation is applied to the OP space rather than the MP space directly, which substantially decreases the computational costs. The optimal MP and its corresponding OPs is thus represented by the transformed MP ensemble and their related OP orthogonal base vectors to fit the 4-D observation innovations in the assimilation window. Further, the implementation of the forecast model ensemble update is successfully implemented by replacing the single 4-D observation innovation with the ensemble of innovation vectors. The feasibility and effectiveness of the PODEn4DVar are demonstrated in an idealized model with simulated observations. It is found that the PODEn4DVar is capable of outperforming both 4DVar and the EnKF under both perfect and imperfect-model scenarios with lower computational costs compared with EnKF.
Dynamics of Coupled Quantum Spin Chains.

Static and dynamical properties of weakly coupled antiferromagnetic spin chains are treated using a mean-field approximation for the interchain coupling and exact results for the resulting effective one-dimensional problem. Results for staggered magnetization, N{acute e}el temperature, and spin wave excitations are in agreement with experiments on KCuF{sub 3}. The existence of a narrow longitudinal mode is predicted. The results are in agreement with general scaling arguments, contrary to spin wave theory. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. }