Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Historical Role to Speed up Subsequent Negotiations

Trust negotiation (TN) is an approach to establish trust between strangers through iterative disclosure of digital credentials. Speeding up subsequent negotiations between the same negotiators is a problem worth of research. This paper introduces the concept of visiting card, and presents a historical role based trust negotiation model (HRBTN). HRBTN creates an account for the counterpart at the first negotiation. When the negotiators construct a new credential disclosure sequence in a trust negotiation, both negotiators records the roles designed to the counterpart according to the credentials disclosed in the negotiations associated with the credential disclosure sequence constructed in the negotiation in his HIB. When they conduct a new negotiation, the resource provider checks that if the requester has a role that is permitted to access the resource. If such a role exists, the negotiators can disclose credentials according to the credential disclosure sequence associated with the role, instead of recalculating them again. HRBTN speeds up subsequent negotiations between the entities that interact with each other frequently without impairing the privacy preservation.
A Single-Layer Neural Network for Parallel Thinning

A single-layer recurrent neural network is proposed to perform thinning of binary images. This network iteratively removes the contour points of an object shape by template matching. The set of templates is specially designed for a one-pass parallel thinning algorithm. The proposed neural network produce the same results as the algorithm. Neurons in the neural network performs a sigma-pi function to collect inputs. To obtain this function, the templates used in the algorithm are transformed to equivalent Boolean expressions. After the neural network converges, a perfectly 8-connected skeleton is derived. Good experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Cued Spatial Attention Drives Functionally Relevant Modulation of the Mu Rhythm in Primary Somatosensory Cortex

Cued spatial attention modulates functionally relevant alpha rhythms in visual cortices in humans. Here, we present evidence for analogous phenomena in primary somatosensory neocortex (SI). Using magnetoencephalography, we measured changes in the SI mu rhythm containing mu-alpha (7–14 Hz) and mu-beta (15–29 Hz) components. We found that cued attention impacted mu-alpha in the somatopically localized hand representation in SI, showing decreased power after attention was cued to the hand and increased power after attention was cued to the foot, with significant differences observed 500–1100 ms after cue. Mu-beta showed differences in a time window 800–850 ms after cue. The visual cue also drove an early evoked response beginning ∼70 ms after cue with distinct peaks modulated with cued attention. Distinct components of the tactile stimulus-evoked response were also modulated with cued attention. Analysis of a second dataset showed that, on a trial-by-trial basis, tactile detection probabilities decreased linearly with prestimulus mu-alpha and mu-beta power. These results support the growing consensus that cue-induced alpha modulation is a functionally relevant sensory gating mechanism deployed by attention. Further, while cued attention had a weaker effect on the allocation of mu-beta, oscillations in this band also predicted tactile detection.
A Digital Preclinical PET/MRI Insert and Initial Results

Combining Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) results in a promising hybrid molecular imaging modality as it unifies the high sensitivity of PET for molecular and cellular processes with the functional and anatomical information from MRI. Digital Silicon Photomultipliers (dSiPMs) are the digital evolution in scintillation light detector technology and promise high PET SNR. DSiPMs from Philips Digital Photon Counting (PDPC) were used to develop a preclinical PET/RF gantry with 1-mm scintillation crystal pitch as an insert for clinical MRI scanners. With three exchangeable RF coils, the hybrid field of view has a maximum size of 160 mm × 96.6 mm (transaxial × axial). 0.1 ppm volume-root-mean-square B 0-homogeneity is kept within a spherical diameter of 96 mm (automatic volume shimming). Depending on the coil, MRI SNR is decreased by 13% or 5% by the PET system. PET count rates, energy resolution of 12.6% FWHM, and spatial resolution of 0.73 mm 3 (isometric volume resolution at isocenter) are not affected by applied MRI sequences. PET time resolution of 565 ps (FWHM) degraded by 6 ps during an EPI sequence. Timing-optimized settings yielded 260 ps time resolution. PET and MR images of a hot-rod phantom show no visible differences when the other modality was in operation and both resolve 0.8-mm rods. Versatility of the insert is shown by successfully combining multi-nuclei MRI ( 1H/19F) with simultaneously measured PET ( 18F-FDG). A longitudinal study of a tumor-bearing mouse verifies the operability, stability, and in vivo capabilities of the system. Cardiac- and respiratory-gated PET/MRI motion-capturing (CINE) images of the mouse heart demonstrate the advantage of simultaneous acquisition for temporal and spatial image registration.
Structural Basis of Differential Neutralization of DENV-1 Genotypes by an Antibody that Recognizes a Cryptic Epitope

We previously developed a panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against Dengue virus (DENV)-1, of which few exhibited inhibitory activity against all DENV-1 genotypes. This finding is consistent with reports observing variable neutralization of different DENV strains and genotypes using serum from individuals that experienced natural infection or immunization. Herein, we describe the crystal structures of DENV1-E111 bound to a novel CC′ loop epitope on domain III (DIII) of the E protein from two different DENV-1 genotypes. Docking of our structure onto the available cryo-electron microscopy models of DENV virions revealed that the DENV1-E111 epitope was inaccessible, suggesting that this antibody recognizes an uncharacterized virus conformation. While the affinity of binding between DENV1-E111 and DIII varied by genotype, we observed limited correlation with inhibitory activity. Instead, our results support the conclusion that potent neutralization depends on genotype-dependent exposure of the CC′ loop epitope. These findings establish new structural complexity of the DENV virion, which may be relevant for the choice of DENV strain for induction or analysis of neutralizing antibodies in the context of vaccine development.
Composite CDMA—a statistical mechanics analysis

Code division multiple access (CDMA) in which the spreading code assignment to users contains a random element has recently become a cornerstone of CDMA research. The random element in the construction is particularly attractive as it provides robustness and flexibility in utilizing multi-access channels, whilst not making significant sacrifices in terms of transmission power. Random codes are generated from some ensemble; here we consider the possibility of combining two standard paradigms, sparsely and densely spread codes, in a single composite code ensemble. The composite code analysis includes a replica symmetric calculation of performance in the large system limit, and investigation of finite systems through a composite belief propagation algorithm. A variety of codes are examined with a focus on the high multi-access interference regime. We demonstrate scenarios both in the large size limit and for finite systems in which the composite code has typical performance exceeding those of sparse and dense codes at equivalent signal to noise ratio.
neurological disorders : a public health approach Alcohol-related polyneuropathy

Chronic food defi cits affect about 792 million people in the world (1). Malnutrition directly or indirectly affects a variety of organ systems including the central nervous system (CNS). A number of nutritional conditions are included in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, such as protein–energy malnutrition, iodine defi ciency, vitamin A defi ciency, and iron defi ciency anaemia. Over 15% of the disabilityadjusted life years (DALYs) lost globally are estimated to be from malnutrition (2). This section focuses on neurological disorders associated with malnutrition. In addition, it touches briefl y on the ingestion of toxic substances in food or alcohol, as these also contribute to neurological disorders. Most of the malnutrition-related neurological disorders can be prevented and therefore they are of public health concern. Raising awareness in the population, among leaders and decision-makers and in the international community is important in order to adopt an appropriate health policy.
Diagnosis of Realistic Defects Based on the X-Fault Model

Defects not described by conventional fault models are a challenge for state-of-the-art fault diagnosis techniques. The X-fault model has been introduced recently as a modeling technique for complex defect mechanisms. We analyze the performance of the X-fault diagnosis for a number of defect classes leading to highly complex circuit behavior on electrical level. Experiments performed using accurate resistive- bridge and interconnect-open simulators demonstrate the superiority of X-fault diagnosis over traditional methods.
PIM-SSM within DiffServ-aware MPLS traffic engineering

Nowadays Service Providers (ISP) are more interested in deploying new traffic engineering (TE) methods offered by Multiprotocol Label Switching Traffic Engineering (MPLS-TE) path-oriented forwarding technology. The attractiveness of this technology is encouraged by the possibility to deploy better forwarding performance, constrained based routing restricted by the network resources and Quality of Services (QoS), faster and more predictable recovery capabilities revealed in case of topology changes than conventional hop by hop routed IP networks. More and more ISPs aware by the presence of the MPLS domain search further to outperform their existent network by adding multicast traffic distribution streams capabilities in order to offer superior quality services such as IP multimedia multicast transmission without affecting customer's service level agreement (SLA) expressed through QoS, but instead to improve it. This paper, presents a solution for IP multicast distribution using PIM-SSM protocol with differentiated services (DiffServ) within MPLS-TE. The collected results for IP multicast traffic in the presence of DiffServ QoS applied to network resources are compared in order to prove the advantages offered by the DiffServ aware LSP of the MPLS-TE forwarding mechanism.
NASA Five-Ball Fatigue Tester—Over 20 Years of Research

This paper reviews, from both a technical and a historical perspective, the results of research conducted using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration five-ball fatigue tester. The test rig was conceived by W. J. Anderson in late 1958. The first data were generated in March 1959. Since then a total of approximately 500 000 test hours have been accumulated on a group of eight test rigs which are capable of running 24 h a day, 7 days a week. Studies have been conducted to determine the effect on rolling element fatigue life of contact angle, material hardness, chemistry, heat treatment and processing, lubricant type and chemistry, elastohydrodynamic film thickness, deformation and wear, vacuum, and temperature, as well as hertzian and residual stresses. A correlation was established between the results obtained using the five-ball tester and those obtained with full-scale rolling element bearings.
Towards high performance software teamwork

Context: Research indicates that software quality, to a large extent, depends on cooperation within software teams [1] Since software development is a creative process that involves human interaction in the context of a team, it is important to understand the teamwork factors that influence performance. Objective: We present a study design in which we aim to examine the factors within software development teams that have significant influence on the performance of the team. We propose to consider factors such as communication, coordination of expertise, cohesion, trust, cooperation, and value diversity. The study investigates whether and to which extent these factors correlate with a performance of the team. In order to capture a variety of relevant teamwork factors, we created a new model extending the work of Hoegl and Gemuenden [2] and Liang et al. [3] Method: The study is based on quantitative research by means of an online questionnaire. We invited more than 20 software development teams in the Netherlands to participate in our team performance assessment, evaluating the teamwork and performance of the team. Based on an average team size of five people, one would therefore expect at least 100 participants in total. Also, product stakeholders will be asked to give their independent assessments of the performance of the team. Expected result: By analyzing the correlation between teamwork factors and team performance, we expect to gain a deeper understanding of how teamwork factors influence team performance. We also expect to validate the implemented extensions of teamwork model with respect to earlier work. Conclusion: Software teamwork factors are important to understand. In order to get a better understanding of the role of teamwork factors, this study should be conducted.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus Serovar O3:K6 as Cause of Unusually High Incidence of Food-Borne Disease Outbreaks in Taiwan from 1996 to 1999

ABSTRACT The occurrence of food-borne disease outbreaks in Taiwan increased dramatically in 1996, and the incidence has since remained elevated. This increase in outbreaks is correlated with a high rate of isolation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which caused between 61 and 71% of the total outbreaks for the period 1996 to 1999. By serotyping, 40 serovars were identified from 3743 V. parahaemolyticus isolates, of which O3:K6 was the most frequently detected. The O3:K6 serovar could have emerged in Taiwan as early as October 1995 and at that time accounted for only 0.6% of the V. parahaemolyticusinfections. This level increased suddenly to 50.1% in 1996 and reached a peak (83.8%) in 1997. Comparison of the outbreak profiles for the etiology groups indicates that the high incidence of food-borne disease outbreaks during 1996 to 1999 can be attributed to the extraordinarily high O3:K6 infections. In 1999, the O3:K6 serovar was still prevalent, and accounted for 61.3% of all V. parahaemolyticus infections. Due to its extraordinarily high infection frequency and its capability to spread globally, this organism needs to be intensively monitored internationally.
Understanding nursing practice in stroke units: a Q-methodological study

Abstract Purpose: Nurses represent the largest professional group working with stroke-survivors, but there is limited evidence regarding nurses’ involvement in post-stroke rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to identify and explore the perspectives of nurses and other multidisciplinary stroke team members on nurses’ practice in stroke rehabilitation. Method: Q-methodological study with 63 multidisciplinary stroke unit team members and semi-structured interviews with 27 stroke unit team members. Results: Irrespective of their professional backgrounds, participants shared the view that nurses can make an active contribution to stroke rehabilitation and integrate rehabilitation principles in routine practice. Training in stroke rehabilitation skills was viewed as fundamental to effective stroke care, but nurses do not routinely receive such training. The view that integrating rehabilitation techniques can only occur when nursing staffing levels were high was rejected. There was also little support for the view that nurses are uniquely placed to co-ordinate care, or that nurses have an independent rehabilitation role. Conclusions: The contribution that nurses with stroke rehabilitation skills can make to effective stroke care was understood. However, realising the potential of nurses as full partners in stroke rehabilitation is unlikely to occur without introduction of structured competency-based multidisciplinary training in rehabilitation skills. Implications for Rehabilitation Multidisciplinary rehabilitation in stroke units is a cornerstone of effective stroke care. Views of stroke unit team members on nurses’ involvement in rehabilitation have not been reported previously. Nurses can routinely incorporate rehabilitation principles in their care. Specialist competency-based stroke rehabilitation training needs to be provided for nurses as well as for allied health professionals.
Blockchain abstract data type: poster

This paper is the first to specify blockchains as a composition of abstract data types all together with a hierarchy of consistency criteria that formally characterizes the histories admissible for distributed programs that use them. The paper presents as well some results on implementability of the presented abstractions and a mapping of representative existing blockchains from both academia and industry in our framework.
Never Dried Cotton Fibers Have a Circular Cross Section

The shape of the fiber in the cotton boll just before natural dehydration was studied by different preparation techniques. The results all pointed to the fact that never dried fibers have a circular cross section. Therefore, a simple observation of never dried fibers on equatorial optical plane provides a correct evaluation of basic dimensional parameters such as section diameter and wall thickness.
FDTD- based TTEM Cell field distribution

By taking advantage of FDTD with Murpsilas 2 order absorbing boundary condition, this paper made specific analysis on the field distribution of the principal part of TTEM cell. The relationship among the dimension of EUT (equipment under test) and the evenness of field distribution and the characteristic impedances are given. This can provide theoretical basis for the design of TTEM cell.
An elementary language construct for parallel programming

Current programmig practice, whether in procedural, functional or other types of languages, is strongly orientated to producing programs which are essentially sequential in nature. Procedural programmers make frequent use of loop structures (e.g. FOR and WHILE statements), while functional programmers use raw recursion instead. Neither of these mechanisms can be easily compiled into parallel code. It is suggested that there may be considerable advantages in avoiding the use of loop structures in procedural languages and raw recursion in any type of language. Instead, programs could be written using a general divide-and-conquer construct which is typically just as easy to use, but allows easy parallel implementation. A number of simple examples are given to show how this could be done and to provide evidence that the idea is not quite as outrageous as it may seem at first sight.
The transistor laser

A research team at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has developed a new, more powerful kind of device, called the transistor laser. The transistor puts out both electrical signals and a laser beam, which can be directly modulated to send optical signals at the rate of 10 billion bits per second. With some further modification, the transistor laser will eventually send a staggering 100 billion bits per second or more. Instead of using relatively slow wires to connect chips stacked together in packages, transistor lasers can be used as optical interconnects, which would let data flow instantaneously to and from memory chips, graphics processors, and microprocessors. There is much work ahead, but unlike the host of self-assembling, blue-sky nanotechnologies currently being touted as the next big thing in optoelectronics, transistor lasers do not need an entirely new fabrication infrastructure for further development or even to go into production.
Steady Shock Waves in Composite Materials

In a previous paper, the present authors [ I ] utilized concepts from the Theory of Interacting Continua to derive a generalized set of conservation equations (i.e., the Hugoniot relations) across a steadily propagating disturbance in multi-phase mixtures. The regime of interest was limited to that wherein the constituents materials have no shear strength, and may be treated as compressible fluids. Steady shock waves were, a priori, assumed to exist, and any chemical changes in the constituents were not considered. In the Theory of Interacting Continua, the geometrical arrangement of the various constituents is not explicitly considered, but is implicit in the selection of the interactions between the constituents. These interactions are modeled as body forces and energy transfer processes influencing the motion of the constituents. It is through these interactions that the final state behind a shock front is achieved. In the present work, we correct certain errors in the energy interaction terms reported earlier [ 1 ] . The influence of these corrected interaction terms on the Hugoniot relations is discussed. For convenience, attention is limited to binary composites. The basic limitation in the theory is that it considers only those materials where the volume fraction of a constituent is the same as the surface area fraction of that component (in the direction of wave propagation). This includes laminated composites in which the direction of wave propagation is parallel to the laminates, as well as the case of macroscopically isotropic mixtures (particulate composites).
Tacrolimus pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics: influence of adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) and cytochrome (CYP) 3A polymorphisms

Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant used after organ transplantation, has a narrow therapeutic range and its pharmacokinetic variability complicates its daily dose assessment. P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), encoded by the adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) and the cytochrome (CYP) 3A4 and 3A5 enzymes appears to play a role in the tacrolimus metabolism. In the present study, two different renal transplant recipient groups were used to examine the influence of ABCB1 and CYP3A polymorphisms on the daily tacrolimus dose and several pharmacokinetic parameters. In total 63 Caucasian renal transplant recipients divided into 26 early [median (range) of the days since transplantation – 16 (3–74)] and 37 late [median (range) of the days since transplantation – 1465 (453–4128)] post‐transplant recipients were genotyped for ABCB1 and CYP3A polymorphisms. The pharmacokinetic parameters of tacrolimus were determined for all renal transplant recipients and correlated with their corresponding genotypes. A significant difference in allele frequencies of the CYP3A4*1B (P = 0.028) and CYP3A5*1 (P = 0.022) alleles was observed between the early and late post‐transplant recipient groups. Significantly higher dose‐normalized trough levels (dnC0), dose‐normalized area under the curve (dnAUC0−12), and dose‐normalized maximum concentration (dnCmax) were observed for carriers of the CYP3A5*3 variant allele in both renal transplant patient groups. Except for the daily tacrolimus dose (P = 0.025) no significant differences were observed for carriers of the CYP3A4*1B variant allele. Neither the individual ABCB1 polymorphisms nor the ABCB1 haplotypes were associated with any pharmacokinetic parameter. We noticed that patients carrying a CYP3A5*1 allele require a twofold higher tacrolimus dose compared with homozygous carriers of the CYP3A5*3 variant allele to maintain the target dnAUC0−12. Therefore, genotyping for the CYP3A5*3 variant allele can contribute to a better and more individualized immunosuppressive therapy in transplant patients.