Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation and quality of life in coronary artery bypass graft patients

The overall success of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is much dependent on the postoperative rehabilitation. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes should be comprehensive and multifactorial to enhance the education and quality of life of the patient. This was a quasi-experimental and longitudinal intervention study to which 18 patients who had undergone CABG surgery were referred. Two questionnaires were administered and patients participated in a 12-week exercise programme. Significant improvements were noted in waist circumference (99.7 ± 8.3 to 97.8 ± 8.8; p=0.042), body fat percentage (22.7 ± 5.3% to 20.5 ± 4.9%; p=0.000), resting systolic blood pressure (125.7 ± 13.7mmHg to 119.7 ± 8.9mmHg; p=0.000), stairs climbed (3.6 ± 3.5 flights to 5.9 ± 4.4 flights; p=0.003), duration of exercise per week (329 ± 383.7min.wk-1 to 527 ± 482.7min.wk-1; p=0.001), kilocalories expended per session (827 ± 765kcal to 1173 ± 699kcal; p=0.001), kilocalories expended per week (2 550 ± 858kcal to 3 996 ± 1 849kcal; p=0.000), chair sit-and-reach (0.7 ± 3.4cm to 1.3 ± 3.4cm; p=0.001), up and go (6.0 ± 1.3sec to 5.1 ± 1.2sec; p=0.002), chair stand (13.4 ± 2.3 to 16.2 ± 2.3; p=0.000), maximum workload (82 ± 23.0 watt to 110 ± 29.4 watt; p=0.000), maximum duration (08:35 ± 02:41min:sec to 11:57 ± 03:51min:sec; p=0.000), physical component score (38.8 ± 6.1 to 52.1 ± 4.2; p=0.000) and mental component score (49.5 ± 8.5 to 56.9 ± 3.1; p=0.002). The findings of this study support the role of CR encompassing lifestyle intervention, education and psychological support in promoting a faster recovery of health and desired performance of the CABG patient.
FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN STROKE PADA PASIEN DI RSU H. SAHUDIN KUTACANE KABUPATEN ACEH TENGGARA

ABSTRACT Stroke is the first cause of disability and the third cause of death in the world both in developed and developing countries after heart disease and cancer.Based on the result of Basic Health Research in 2013, it was found out that there was the increase of stroke prevalence per 100,000 persons in Indonesia from 830 in 2007 to 1,210 in 2013. The purpose of this analytical observational study with case-control design was to find out the correlation of the factors of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, obesity, alcohol and family history of disease on the incident of stroke in the patients at H. Sahudin General Hospital Kutacane Aceh Tenggara District. This research was observational analytic with case control design. The case population is all stroke patients who seek treatment at RSU H. Sahudin Kutacane Aceh Tenggara District. The number of samples were 45 cases and 45 controls, with case and control ratio 1: 1, so the total sample was 90 people performed by matching age and sex. Case samples were taken by purposive sampling and control samples were taken by consecutive sampling. The data obtained were analyzed through univariate and bivariate using chi square test. The result showed the factors that significantly related to the incident of stroke were hypertension (OR = 4.67; 95% CI: 1.78 – 12.23) and diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.01 – 7.04). The factors that did not significantly related to the incident of stroke were smoking, obesity, alcohol consumption and family history of disease. Expected to H. Sahudin General Hospital Kutacane should socialize the risk factors and the prevention of stroke to the patients through direct extension or various other media also adds CT-Scan facility. The community members are expected to be aware to visit the health service facility have their health checked routinely, always control their blood pressure and blood sugar level and to get accustomed to practicing health lifestyle and physical activity to prevent the stroke. Keywords: Stroke, Risk Factor
Adenosine Induces EBV Lytic Reactivation through ADORA1 in EBV-Associated Gastric Carcinoma

Cordyceps species are known to contain numerous bioactive compounds, including cordycepin. Extracts of Cordyceps militaris (CME) are used in diverse medicinal purposes because of their bioactive components. Cordycepin, one of the active components of CME, exhibits anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Cordycepin structurally differs from adenosine in that its ribose lacks an oxygen atom at the 3′ position. We previously reported that cordycepin suppresses Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) gene expression and lytic replication in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC). However, other studies reported that cordycepin induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation. Thus, it was reasonable to clarify the bioactive effects of CME bioactive compounds on the EBV life cycle. We first confirmed that CME preferentially induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation; second, we determined that adenosine in CME induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation; third, we discovered that the adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1) is required for adenosine to initiate signaling for upregulating BZLF1, which encodes for a key EBV regulator (Zta) of the EBV lytic cycle; finally, we showed that BZLF1 upregulation by adenosine leads to delayed tumor development in the EBVaGC xenograft mouse model. Taken together, these results suggest that adenosine is an EBV lytic cycle inducer that inhibits EBVaGC development.
Effects of Combined Evening Primrose Oil and Vitamin D Intake on hs-CRP, Oxidative Stress and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes

Background: The efficacy of evening primrose oil has been reported in metabolic syndrome and other diseases.The role of vitamin D has been proposed in the risk reducing of chronic diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes too. We are aware of no study that examined the effects of evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles in gestational diabetes (GDM). This study was designed to assess the effects of evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles among pregnant women with GDM. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed among 60 women with GDM. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplements (n=30) or placebo (n=30) for 6 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at study baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention to quantify biochemical variables. Results: Evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation led to a significant decrease in serum high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP ) levels (change from baseline: -1.9±4.0 vs. +0.6±2.6 μg/mL, p=0.006) and MDA (-0.8±2.1 vs. +0.6±1.5 μmol/L,p=0.005) compared with placebo. Furthermore, a significant increase in plasma NO (+2.5±3.8 vs. 1.9±8.1 μmol/L, p=0.009) and TAC levels (+84.4±174.8 vs. -36.4±143.1 mmol/L, p=0.005) was seen after evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation compared with placebo. Conclusion: Evening primrose oil and vitamin D supplementation in GDM women had beneficial effects on metabolic profiles.
Membrane-Associated, Not Cytoplasmic or Nuclear, FGFR1 Induces Neuronal Differentiation

The intracellular transport of receptor tyrosine kinases results in the differential activation of various signaling pathways. In this study, optogenetic stimulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 (FGFR1) was performed to study the effects of subcellular targeting of receptor kinases on signaling and neurite outgrowth. The catalytic domain of FGFR1 fused to the algal light-oxygen-voltage-sensing (LOV) domain was directed to different cellular compartments (plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus) in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) and pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Blue light stimulation elevated the pERK and pPLCγ1 levels in membrane-opto-FGFR1-transfected cells similarly to ligand-induced receptor activation; however, no changes in pAKT levels were observed. PC12 cells transfected with membrane-opto-FGFR1 exhibited significantly longer neurites after light stimulation than after growth factor treatment, and significantly more neurites extended from their cell bodies. The activation of cytoplasmic FGFR1 kinase enhanced ERK signaling in HEK293 cells but not in PC12 cells and did not induce neuronal differentiation. The stimulation of FGFR1 kinase in the nucleus also did not result in signaling changes or neurite outgrowth. We conclude that FGFR1 kinase needs to be associated with membranes to induce the differentiation of PC12 cells mainly via ERK activation.
Kualitas Hidup Pasien Hipertensi Rawat Jalan di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Yogyakarta Dengan Terapi Kombinasi Angiotensin Reseptor Blocker dan Calcium Channel Blocker

Hypertension medication may utilize a single antihypertensive or combined antihypertensives in accordance with the patient’s condition. Hypertension medication is carried out in a lengthy period and thus can affect the patient’s quality of life. This study aims to assess the quality of life of hypertensive outpatients under combination therapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker and a calcium channel blocker at a private hospital in Yogyakarta. The research applied a prospective cohort design, where the outcome observations were made three months after medication, on patients meeting the inclusion criteria by gauging their quality of life through validated EQ5D questionnaires and a VAS method. Analysis of the quality of life used the conversion of EQ5D dimension scores into an EQ5D index score and the VAS data by calculating the mean and standard deviation. Analysis of differences in quality of life between 3 antihypertensive drug combinations employed an ANOVA test. Results show that of 58 patients, 24 received a candesartan-amlodipine combination, 9 had candesartan-diltiazem and 25 were given irbesartan-amlodipine; 74.13% were female, 34.48% were aged 51-60, and the most frequent complication was diabetes mellitus (60.34%). The quality-of-life analysis yielded an EQ5D index score of 1 in 24.14%patients and 0.796 in 13.79 % patients. The mean value from the VAS method is 66.17 with a minimum of 45 and maximum 90. The ANOVA test on the EQ5D quality-of-life index scores of the 3 drug combinations produced a sig value of p = 0.168 while the VAS method’s sig value is p = 0.433. Therefore, there was no significant difference in the quality of life of hypertensive outpatients who received candesartan-amlodipine, candesartan-diltiazem and irbesartan-amlodipine combinations.
Using ambulance data to inform violence prevention: A guide for police, public health and violence prevention partnerships

The use of ambulance data for crime reduction is a form of injury surveillance. Under this practice, data for assault-based injuries is shared with police and Community Safety Partnerships to help them identify where violent crime is taking place, which allows police to target their resources to reduce offending. This guidance is aimed at those who do not currently use ambulance data, or wish to extend their use of ambulance data.
The ethnobotany of Southern Balochistan, Pakistan, with particular reference to medicinal plants

This book is a compendium of ethnobotanical and medicinal knowledge of the Baloch people of the Balochistan Province of southwestern Pakistan. Steven Goodman, a field biologist at the Field Museum of Natural History, and Abdul Ghafoor, a botany professor at the University of Karachi in Pakistan, travelled around this arid expanse of desert and mountains, by foot and by four-wheeldrive vehicle for four months to undertake this study. They interviewed nomads and villagers about their ethnobotanical knowledge, and traditional healers about all aspects of their application of herbal medicines, following Unani and Ayurvedic medicine systems. Despite the inevitable influences of "modernization," healing traditions in the region remain viable. Following a brief introductory section, describing the project, the state of ethnobotanical knowledge, the settings of the study, and the general format, the book is divided into two major parts. Part I, Ethnobotanical Uses of Wild Plants, includes a total of 114 plants in 43 families having local usage. For each species, the family and scientific names, voucher specimen number, locality, and vernacular name are provided, along with notes on use, treatment (for medicine) and, often, comments relating to the plant and its history. Part 2, The Pharmcopoeia of Balochistan Herbalists, begins with a brief summary of the Unani and Ayurvedic Systems of medicine, followed by a description of the herbalists and herbal doctors consulted, and the interviewing methodology. It then comprises a systematic list of herbal medicine plants, totalling 56 plant species in 33 families, in a similar format to the plant of Part 1. This is a useful compendium of information, and it will serve as a good foundation for comparative research, as well as representing a valuable reference for the ethnobotany of a little known area. The index of local names will make the info:t:mation accessible to local botanists, healers and others as well, as long as they can read English. The book contains a number of excellent black and white photographs of the places and people; and a few of the plants; more illustrations would have made it more useable for local people. Perhaps it can serve as a basic source of information for a more "user-friendly" local ethnobotanical guide.
A retrospective analysis of scrub typhus meningitis in children

Introduction: Scrub typhus is a re-emerging threat worldwide and meningitis due to it is being increasingly recognised. There are few studies on paediatric patients with scrub typhus meningitis. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory profile of children admitted with scrub typhus meningitis to a hospital in eastern India along with treatment outcome. Method: This is a retrospective analysis of the hospital records from September 2015 to January 2017 of all children between 1 month to 12 years of age admitted to the Institute of Child Health, Kolkata, India, with fever, neck rigidity and evidence of both meningitis and scrub typhus. The epidemiological features, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory findings and treatment outcomes of the children were noted. Chi‑square test was used for comparing categorical variables and the student’s unpaired t‑test for comparing the continuous variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were five children with scrub typhus, with a CSF picture of meningitis during the study period. Mean duration of fever before presentation was 11.6 ± 1.8 days. The male: female ratio was 4:1 and the urban: rural ratio 1:4. The mean age was 78 ± 37.5 months. Vomiting, headache, altered sensorium and seizures were the common symptoms. Signs of meningeal irritation, pallor and lymphadenopathy were the common findings on physical examination. Conclusion: Meningitis is an uncommon complication of scrub typhus in children, only 5 cases being recorded from September 2015 to January 2017 at the Institute of Child Health, Kolkata, India. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health, 2018; 47 (1): 3-7
A study of treatment outcome of paediatric tuberculosis patients in an urban city of central India

It is an established fact that healthy children build healthy nation. Despite effective chemotherapy, control has not been achieved due to poor therapeutic practices. RNTCP has evolved to take care of this problem by using DOTS strategy. The Indian program is the first program in the world to provide paediatric patient-wise boxes for childhood TB cases. Proper management of paediatric tuberculosis is very essential for the control of tuberculosis as children also act as a source of infection within a community. Apart from monitoring and supervision of treatment, other factors also contributes in controlling the infection. This research study on treatment outcome of paediatric TB patients will definitely guide to prevent the spread of infection in the community through dedicated organised team of sincere social workers. ABSTRACT
Investigation of predictive factors in keloid formation

INVESTIGATION OF PREDICTIVE FACTORS IN KELOID FORMATION. Cherise M. Dyal. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery. Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. The literature on factors associated with keloid formation has thus far been conflicting. This study was undertaken to investigate the possible association of HLA Class I (A, B, C) histocompatabilty antigens; ABO/Rh blood groups; and patient and family medical history with the development of earlobe keloids. These factors were investigated in two groups of Black females. The keloid former group consisted of 20 patients with unilateral or bilateral earlobe keloids (the only indisputable form of keloids). The control group consisted of 20 women who had undergone earpiercing and were free of any objectionable scars. Blood samples obtained from both groups were typed for HLA haplotype and ABO/Rh blood group. All other factors were assessed by questionnaire. Factors found to occur in greater frequency in the keloid-former group and indicating increased risk for keloid formation included: possession of the HLA-A 9 (relative risk = 4.636), HLA-A 23 (9) (relative risk = 4.846), HLA-Aw 34 (relative risk = 8.200), or HLA-Cw 2 (relative risk = 6.333) antigens; history of hypertension (relative risk = 9.400) and history of infection immediately after ear piercing (relative risk = 6.667). Factors found in greater frequency in the control group and suggestive of a protective effect against the formation of keloids included: possession of the HLA-A 2 antigen (relative risk = 0.206); a positive history of non-drug allergies (relative risk = 0.327); and family history of tuberculosis (relative risk = 0.143). Differences were also found between the two groups in the age at time of ear piercing with the control group being younger (median age 4 vs. 17 years; mean age 8.54 vs. 20.58 years). These results suggest that there may be factors which can be considered to increase risk for the formation of keloids while there others maybe protective against keloid development. Further research into the predictive factors in keloid formation should be undertaken and the factors indicated in this study might serve as a basis for these future investigative efforts.
Enhanced hemostasis management strategies in cardiac surgery

Neutralisation of systemic anticoagulation with heparin in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass requires protamine administration. If adequately dosed, protamine accurately neutralises heparin and reduces the risk of postoperative bleeding. However, as its anticoagulant properties are particularly exerted in the absence of heparin, overdosing of protamine may contribute to excessive bleeding and increased transfusion requirements. This review describes the mechanisms underlying the anticoagulant properties and side effects of protamine, the impact of protamine dosing on the activated clotting time (ACT) and point-of-care viscoelastic test results, and explains distinct protamine dosing strategies in relation to haemostatic activation and postoperative bleeding.
Isolation of Alveolar Type II Cells from Adult Bovine Lung

Alveolar type II (ATII) cells play a key role as part of the distal lung epithelium, including in the innate immune response and as self‐renewing progenitors to replace alveolar type I (ATI) cells during epithelial regeneration. Their secretion of surfactant protein helps maintain homeostasis and exerts protective, antimicrobial properties. ATII cells remain difficult to study, partly due to inefficient and expensive isolation methods, a propensity to differentiate into ATI cells, and susceptibility to fibroblast contamination. Published methods of isolation often require specialized technology, negatively impacting the development of in vitro models of disease, including bovine tuberculosis. Presented here is a simple and cost‐effective method for generation of bovine primary ATII cells. These cells exhibit an ATII phenotype in 2D and 3D culture and are conducive to further study of the role of ATII cells in bovine respiratory diseases. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Characterisation of flowmotion in healthy controls and type 2 diabetes

Flowmotion, the rhythmic oscillation of blood flow across a tissue, optimises nutrient delivery at rest and during states of increased metabolic demand. Five known factors influence flowmotion patterns across a tissue, each distinguishable by their rate of input; cardiac, respiratory, myogenic, neurogenic and endothelial components. In disease states such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), flowmotion is thought to be altered and may contribute to dysregulated metabolism. The aim of this thesis was to characterise flowmotion in healthy controls and T2D participants. Flowmotion was investigated in healthy controls and T2D participants at rest, and following endogenous insulin release in response to a 50g oral glucose challenge (OGC). The effect of a resistance training (RT) intervention in T2D participants was also assessed. Total blood flow to the forearm was measured using 2D-ultrasound and skeletal muscle perfusion was measured with contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEU). Microvascular blood flow in the skin and subcutaneous tissue (skin+SC) of the forearm was examined using a combined Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) and tissue oxygenation probe. Spectral analysis (wavelet transformation) was performed on the data to characterise the individual contributions of the five factors known to influence flowmotion. Type 2 diabetics exhibited differences in total blood flow, skin+SC LDF flux and skin+SC flowmotion compared to healthy controls at rest. Flowmotion was altered in response to the OGC in healthy controls, without changes in total flow and skin+SC LDF flux. In contrast, flowmotion and skin+SC LDF flux were unaltered in response to OGC in T2D, while total blood flow to the forearm increased. In the T2D group, a 6-week RT intervention partially restored skin+SC flowmotion. In response to OGC skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion was reduced in healthy controls, but not in T2D participants. In contrast, skin+SC microvascular perfusion did not change in response to OGC in either group, indicating skin+SC flowmotion may not represent flowmotion in skeletal muscle. The CEU technique, used to determine skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion, was adapted to investigate flowmotion within skeletal muscle. In anaesthetised rats, skeletal muscle flowmotion patterns were measured with both the LDF and the newly adapted CEU techniques. An α-adrenoceptor antagonist, which inhibits the neurogenic component of flowmotion, was used to compare the two techniques. Both the LDF and CEU methods detected the inhibition. In addition, the CEU method enable identification of different flowmotion patterns within specific fibre types. In conclusion, these studies demonstrate dysfunction in blood flow and flowmotion in T2D. They also highlight a difference in skin+SC and skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow in response to OGC. The newly adapted CEU technique will allow more informative assessment of flowmotion in skeletal muscle, facilitating future research into its role in regulation of muscle metabolism.
Determination of Prevalence of Filariasis by Rapid Card Test in a Tertiary Care Centre of North India

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a disease that spreads by mosquito vector and it can be presented as severe lymphoedema, hydrocele and elephantiasis (Taylor et al., 2010). It is a chronic debilitating disease mainly caused by the parasites Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. The transmission of disease is by various species of mosquitoes from the genera Anopheles, Aedes, Culex, Mansonia and Ochlerotatus. The list of various infectious International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 02 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com