Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mini-Invasive Harvesting of Quadriceps Tendon Graft With Patellar Bone Block for ACL Reconstruction Using a Dedicated Harvester

Background: The selection of the type of graft used to reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remains a matter of debate. In the past, the quadriceps tendon (QT) was associated with considerable morbidity and less favorable outcomes than other grafts. Improvements in harvesting methods have decreased morbidity of the surgical procedure and led to an increase in the use of QT in recent years. Indications: The QT graft with patellar bone block is a viable option for all patients with closed physis undergoing ACL reconstruction. It is especially suitable for young and active patients who practice activities that require kneeling or athletes in which hamstrings preservation is advisable. Technique Description: A vertical mini-invasive longitudinal incision starts 1 cm proximal to the middle of the patellar pole. After dissection, the bone block is marked and detached with an oscillating saw. A drill hole is performed in the bone block to serve for the passage of a traction suture. The bone block is lifted with the help of the traction suture, and the graft is trimmed to the desired diameter. The layer between tendon and capsule is separated by blunt dissection to spare the capsule of the suprapatellar pouch. Harvesting is achieved using a dedicated QT harvester. Usually, a graft length of 8 cm is harvested. The defect in the QT is closed using a suture passer at the proximal end. Finally, the graft is prepared and calibrated according to the planned technique for ACL reconstruction. Results: There was no major intraoperative complication in the senior author's series (more than 50 patients) using the dedicated QT harvester. On rare occasions (<10% of the cases), the device opened the suprapatellar joint capsule, creating the additional need for capsular repair during defect closure. On two occasions, the graft was shorter than expected, which may have been caused by insufficient dissection or improper use of the harvester. Discussion/Conclusion: ACL reconstruction with minimally invasive QT graft harvesting methods has shown very good clinical outcomes with few complications. It can be recommended for primary and revision ACL reconstruction. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication. Graphical Abstract This is a visual representation of the abstract.
The Transport and Sedimentation of Suspended Matter and Their Seasonal Variation are Affected by Circulation and Tide Current in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

The circulation, tide and tide current in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea were relatively successfully simulated by POM (Princeton Ocean Model). Then after the governing equation of suspended matter transport was added into POM, and with due consideration of the mechanism of the sedimentation and re-suspension, the transport, dispersion, sedimentation and erosion of suspended matter affected by circulation and tide current were simulated. Simulated results on the temporal and spatial distribution of total suspended matter concentration revealed and further proved that the seasonal characteristics of suspended matter transport were: storage in summer and autumn; transport in winter and spring in the East China Seas. Shelf circulation has crucial influence on long-term suspended matter transport. The finer the grain size of suspended matter was, the farther it dispersed. The simulated distribution of surface sediment accorded with that measured; and the simulated settling velocity on the mud off Zhejiang coast is similar to the measured. The calculated result of suspended matter exchange showed that net flux of suspended matter from the Yellow Sea to the East China Sea was 5.0×107 tons every year, especially in autumn and winter; the net flux from the Bohai Sea to the Yellow Sea was 1.5×107 tons every year, about 2% of total suspended matter derived from the Yellow River.
Composite Ordovician lamprophyre (spessartite) intrusions around the Midlands Microcraton in central Britain

Abstract Lamprophyre sills and dykes of Ordovician age were emplaced within Cambrian–Lower Ordovician sedimentary rocks around the northern margins of the Midlands Microcraton. The intrusions show internal mineralogical and chemical variations indicating emplacement as multiple intrusions of co-magmatic pulses. The chemical characteristics of the lamprophyre magmas indicate formation by small-degree volatile-rich partial melting of lithospheric mantle enriched and modified by Lower Palaeozoic subduction (Th/Ta 5.3–11.6, La/Ta 29–82.3), together with a contribution from within-plate mantle source (Zr/Yc. 6) and/or mineralogically heterogeneous lithosphere, followed by varying degrees of fractional crystallization during uprise.
Navigating Hierarchical Menus Through Sound

Much of the current user experience navigating digital information relies on visual displays. Providing auditory alternatives enables access for visually impaired and blind users. The current study evaluated hierarchical navigation in a novel spatialized auditory interface compared to a screen reader and visual navigation mode. Past studies suggest that spatialized audio may provide performance improvements. Sixteen participants navigated menu structures of varying depth / breadth to select a target item with three different interface styles (spatial audio, screen reader, and visual). Time-to-completion, errors, and SUS scores were compared across interfaces. Results showed that spatial audio was significantly slower, more error prone, and less usable than the other conditions. However, the problems of spatial audio might be overcome with simple changes in the interaction mode and optimization of display space. Our experience shows that designers must solve the problem of auditory clutter and spatial selection to achieve usable auditory navigation.
KONYA İLİ BESİ SIĞIRI İŞLETMELERİNİN YAPISAL ANALİZİ

Bu arastirma, Konya ilinde 36 adet besi sigirciligi isletmesindeki 39 adet bagli durakli ve 17 adet serbest sistemde planlanmis toplam 56 adet barinakta yurutulmustur. Ildeki isletmelerin genel ozellikleri ve isletmelerde bulunan barinaklarin yapisal ozellikleri incelenerek hayvan yetistiriciligine uygunlugu arastirilmistir. Sonuc olarak, isletmelerin onemli bir bolumunun arazi varligi 1 ha’dan kucuktur. Serbest sistem barinaklarin genellikle 1998 ve sonrasi insa edilmelerine ragmen, planlama yonunden yetersiz olduklari belirlenmistir. Dinlenme alani yerlesim sikligi, serbest sistem barinaklarin % 62.50’sinde 2-6 m 2 /hay. ; gezinme alani yerlesim sikligi, barinaklarin % 53.33’unde 5 m 2 /hay. degerinin altindadir. Yemleme uzunlugu ise serbest sistem barinaklarin buyuk bolumunde 0.60 m’nin uzerindedir. Genel olarak, bagli durakli barinaklarin yapi ve planlama yonunden yetersiz oldugu ve son yillarda isletmelerin serbest ve serbest durakli sistem barinaklarda yetistiricilige yoneldikleri gozlemlenmistir.
First results on low‐latitude E and F region irregularities obtained using the Gadanki Ionospheric Radar Interferometer

A 30 MHz radar has recently been established at Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E; 6.5°N magnetic latitude) to make unattended observations of the ionospheric field‐aligned irregularities (FAI). This radar, called the Gadanki Ionospheric Radar Interferometer (GIRI), has been designed to have scanning capability of 100° in the east‐west plane perpendicular to Earth's magnetic field and interferometry/imaging system to study drifts and spatial distribution of plasma irregularities at both large and small scales. In this paper, we present the first results on the E and F region FAI made using the scanning capability of the GIRI. Daytime observations of E region FAI show type 2 echoes with velocities predominantly upward northward (downward‐southward) at altitudes >100 km (<100 km) and westward (eastward) in the forenoon (afternoon) with signature of tidal wind field. F region irregularities show bottom‐type, bottomside and plume structures with close resemblance to those observed over the magnetic equator. Observations made with the east‐west scanning capability have been used to study the origin, evolution, and drift of the FAI for the first time from Gadanki. Eastward drifts are estimated to be 90–210 m s−1 during 20–24 LT. Upward velocity as large as 500 m s−1 has been observed in the initial phase of the plume structures. Intriguingly, downward velocity as large as 60 m s−1 has also been observed in the plumes, displaying descending pattern, observed in the early evening hours. These results are presented and discussed in the light of current understanding of low‐latitude plasma irregularities, and future prospects of GIRI are outlined.
The role of inter-organizational collaboration within innovation strategies: towards a portfolio approach

Within the innovation literature, inter-organizational collaboration is being advanced as instrumental for improving the innovative performance of firms. In addition inter-organizational collaboration can be instrumental for addressing the multiple requirements innovation strategies entail. At the same time large scale empirical evidence for such a relation is scarce. Within this paper we examine whether evidence can be found for the idea that inter-organizational collaboration supports the effectiveness of innovation strategies. Multivariate and Tobit analyses of data on Belgian manufacturing firms, collected by means of the CIS survey (n=221), reveals a positive relationship between inter-organizational collaboration and innovative performance. Moreover the fmdings reported here suggest the relevancy of adopting a portfolio approach towards inter-organizational collaboration.
The Ceres, South Africa, earthquake of September 29, 1969

Aftershocks following the Ceres earthquake of September 29, 1969, (Magnitude 6.3) were monitored using a number of portable seismic recording stations. Earthquakes of this magnitude are rare in South Africa. The event occurred in a relatively densely-populated part of the Republic, and resulted in nine deaths and considerable damage. Accurate locations of some 125 aftershocks delineate a linear, almost vertical fault plane. The volume of the aftershock region is 3 × 9 × 20 km3 with the depth of the aftershocks varying from surface to 9 km. Aftershocks following the September event had almost ceased when another large earthquake (Magnitude 5.7) occurred on April 14, 1970. Following this event, the frequency and magnitude of aftershocks increased, and they were located on a limited portion of the same fault system delineated by the September 29th aftershocks. Previously-mapped faults do not correlate simply with the fault zone indicated by the aftershock sequence.
The geographical dimension of income inequality in Greece: evolution and the ‘turning point’ after the economic crisis

ABSTRACT This paper analyses the geographical variations in income level and income inequality in Greece over a long time period allowing comparisons between pre- and during the economic and fiscal crisis periods. The analysis is based on a novel database that includes individual micro-data of declared and taxable income aggregated at municipal level over the period 2002–14. Results indicate that economic crisis and fiscal reforms changed substantially both inter- and intra-municipal/interpersonal income inequalities. The geographies of income inequality are subject to the period of analysis, type of municipality and level of income. The geographies of inequality question the fairness and inclusiveness of the implemented reforms during the recession.
High-pressure metamorphism of the Zermatt-Saas ophiolite zone, Switzerland

Within the Zermatt–Saas ophiolite zone of the western Alps a record of polystadial high-pressure metamorphism is well preserved. Early blueschist assemblages, retained as inclusions in garnets, were succeeded by eclogitic assemblages which in some rocks contained lawsonite, kyanite, talc and chloritoid. These eclogitic assemblages formed by prograde reaction from the early blueschists. Subsequently, reaction of these eclogites with a mixed H2O-CO2, vapour phase led to the replacement of kyanite by paragonite and the partial replacement of omphacite-garnet paragenses by assemblages containing glaucophane, paragonite and ankerite. High-pressure, eo-alpine metamorphism took place under conditions of 550–600°C and 17.5–20 kbar. Values of aH2O between 0.55 and 1 are high enough to accommodate equilibration with a water-rich vapour phase under the highest-grade conditions. The presence of such a fluid phase is locally indicated by the presence of quartz-rich veins containing omphacite and kyanite. This vapour phase was absorbed during retrogression. Later, rehydration is limited to areas close to albite veins, tectonic contacts and bodies of metasediment. The metamorphic conditions determined for the Zermatt-Saas zone are compatible with those suggested for over- and under-lying units. These conditions, and the P–T path inferred by comparing the reaction histories with a petrogenetic grid for the system Na2O-CaO-MgO-A12O3-SiO2-H2O, suggest that metamorphism occurred during subduction to depths of between 60 and 70 km and subsequent exhumation during the Alpine orogeny.
Regional tectonics significance of the Late Silurian Xibiehe Formation in central Inner Mongolia,China

The Late Silurian Xibiehe Formation is a molasse deposition of shallow marine facies in central region of Inner Mongolia.Xibiehe Formation widely unconformites on ophiolitic melange,arc-island volcanic rocks,Caledonian granite and back-arc basin flysch deposition.The unconformabale relationship reveals the complex relationship between the regional structure,which is the evidence of the continental crust accrationary in central Inner Mongolia happened during Caledonian.The Xibiehe Formation has a similar regional tectonics significance to the Old Red Sandstone in the Europe area.
Variability and trends of downward surface global solar radiation over the Iberian Peninsula based on ERA‐40 reanalysis

A climate study of the incidence of downward surface global solar radiation (SSRD) in the Iberian Peninsula (IP) based primarily on ERA‐40 reanalysis is presented. NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and ground‐based records from several Portuguese and Spanish stations have been also considered. The results show that reanalysis can capture a similar inter‐annual variability as compared to ground‐based observations, especially on a monthly basis, even though annual ERA‐40 (NCEP/NCAR) values tend to underestimate (overestimate) the observations with a mean relative difference of around 20 W m–2 (40 W m–2). On the other hand, ground‐based measurements in Portuguese stations during the period 1964–1989 show a tendency to decrease until the mid‐1970s followed by an increase up to the end of the study period, in line with the dimming/brightening phenomenon reported in the literature. Nevertheless, there are different temporal behaviours as a greater increase since the 1970s is observed in the south and less industrialized regions. Similarly, the ERA‐40 reanalysis shows a noticeable decrease until the early 1970s followed by a slight increase up to the end of the 1990s, suggesting a dimming/brightening transition around the early 1970s, earlier in the south and centre and later in the north of the IP. Although there are slight differences in the magnitude of the trends as well as the turning year of the dimming/brightening periods, the decadal changes of ERA‐40 fairly agree with the ground‐based observations in Portugal and Spain, in contrast to most of the literature for other regions of the world, and is used in the climatology of the SSRD in the study area. NCEP/NCAR reanalysis does not capture the decadal variations of SSRD in the IP. The results show that part of the decadal variability of the global radiation in the IP is related to changes in cloud cover (represented in ERA‐40).
Examination of thrombolytic and anticoagulant activities of puri�ed �brinolytic enzyme extracted from Cochliobolus hawaiiensis under solid state fermentation

Cochliobolus hawaiiensis Alcorn AUMC 8606 was chosen from the screened twenty fungal species as the potent producer of �brinolytic enzyme on skimmed-milk agar plates. The greatest enzyme yield was attained when the submerged fermentation (SmF) conditions were optimized, and it was around (39.7 U/mg protein). Moreover, Upon optimization of �brinolytic enzyme production under solid state fermentation (SSF), the maximum productivity of �brinolytic enzyme was greatly increased recorded a bout (405 U/mg protein) on sugar cane bagasse. The yield of �brinolytic enzyme by C. hawaiiensis under SSF was higher than that of SmF with about 10.20 fold. The puri�cation procedures of �brinolytic enzyme caused a great increase in its speci�c activity to 2581.6 U/mg protein with an overall yield of 55.89%, 6.37 puri�cation fold and molecular weight of 35kDa. Maximal activity was recorded at pH 7 and 37 o C. The enzyme showed the highest a�nity towards Fibrin, with V max of 240 U/ml and an apparent Km value of 47.61 mmol. Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ moderately induced �brinolytic activity, while Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ greatly suppressed the enzyme activity. The produced enzyme is categorized as serine protease and non metalloprotease due to the great suppression in its activity by using phenylmethylsulfonyl �uoride and thylenediamine-tetraacetat, respectively. The puri�ed �brinolytic enzyme showed e�cient thrombolytic and antiplaetlet aggregation activities by completely prevention and dissolution of the blood clot which con�rmed by microscopic examination and amelioration of blood coagulation assays. These �ndings suggested that the produced �brinolytic enzyme is a promising agent in management of blood coagulation disorders
E�cacy and Safety Pro�le of PD-1 Inhibitors Versus Chemotherapy in the Second-line Treatment of Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Purpose: PD-1 inhibitors have emerged as the new standard of care for second-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. There have been lots of research lately concerning the topic. A comprehensive assessment of the e�cacy and safety pro�le between PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy is warranted. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched systematically until May 1 st , 2022. We extracted data on e�cacy and safety and calculated the pooled HRs and RRs with 95%CI using randomized-effect or xed-effect models. A subgroup analysis was applied to explore the factors modifying the response to PD-1 inhibitors. All data were statistically analyzed by R 4.1. 2. Results: A total of 5 studies involving 1,970 patients were included in our meta-analysis. PD-1 inhibitors group could attain greater overall survival bene�t (HR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.66-0.81, P < 0.001) and nearly favorable progression-free survival (HR = 0.89, 0.76-1.04, P = 0.13). TRAEs (RR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.64-0.91, P = 0.004) and level 3-5 TRAEs (RR = 0.40, 95%CI 0.32-0.49, P < 0.001) were signi�cantly diminished in PD-1 inhibitors groups. Among all modifying factors, PD-L1 combined positive score was positively associated with the patient’s overall survival. Conclusions: This analysis suggests that PD-1 inhibitors exhibited better survival outcomes and safety pro�les than standard-of-care chemotherapy. High levels of PD-L1 combined positive scores was associated with an enhanced response to PD-1 immunotherapies with regard to overall survival.
Minimum dietary diversity and consumption of ultra-processed foods among Brazilian children 6-23 months of age

Abstract: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and consumption of ultra-processed foods in children 6-23 months of age according to sociodemographic variables. Three indicators of complementary feeding of 4,354 children from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) were built based on a questionnaire about food consumption on the day before the interview: MDD, consumption of ultra-processed foods, and MDD without the consumption of ultra-processed foods. The prevalence and 95%CI were calculated, stratified by macroregion; race/skin color, education and work status of the mother or caregiver; enrollment in the Brazilian Income Transfer Program; household food security; sanitation; and child enrollment in daycare/school. The overall prevalence of MDD was 63.4%, with lower prevalences among children who lived in the North Region (54.8%), whose mothers or caregivers had 0-7 years of education (50.6%), and lived under moderate or severe food insecurity (52.6%). Ultra-processed foods were consumed by 80.5% of the children, with the highest prevalence in the North Region (84.5%). The prevalence of MDD without ultra-processed foods was 8.4% and less prevalent among children with black mothers or caregivers (3.6%) and among those whose mother or caregiver had 8-10 years of education (3.6%). The most frequently consumed food groups from the MDD indicator were grains, roots and tubers (90.2%), dairy products (81%) and those from ultra-processed food were sweet or salty cookies/crackers (51.3%) and instant flours (41.4%). The ubiquitous presence of ultra-processed foods in the diets of Brazilian children and the low frequency of diversified foods, especially among the most vulnerable populations, indicate the need to strengthen policies and programs to ensure adequate and healthy infant nutrition.
Early detection and correlation of tear fluid inflammatory factors that influence angiogenesis in premature infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity

Purpose: To measure the levels of inflammatory factors in tear fluid of pre-term infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: The cross-sectional pilot study included 29 pre-term infants undergoing routine ROP screening. Pre-term infants were grouped as those without ROP (no ROP; n = 14) and with ROP (ROP; n = 15). Sterile Schirmer's strips were used to collect the tear fluid from pre-term infants. Inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, MCP1 (Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1; CCL2), RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Secreted; CCL5), and soluble L-selectin (sL-selectin) were measured by cytometric bead array using a flow cytometer. Results: Birth weight (BW) and gestation age (GA) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in pre-term infants with ROP compared with those without ROP. Higher levels of RANTES (P < 0.05) and IL-8 (P = 0.09) were observed in the tear fluid of pre-term infants with ROP compared with those without ROP. Lower levels of tear fluid IL-6 (P = 0.14) and sL-selectin (P = 0.18) were measured in pre-term infants with ROP compared with those without ROP. IL-8 and RANTES were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the tear fluid of pre-term infants with stage 3 ROP compared with those without ROP. Tear fluid RANTES level was observed to be inversely associated with GA and BW of pre-term infants with ROP and not in those without ROP. Furthermore, the area under the curve and odds ratio analysis demonstrated the relevance of RANTES/BW (AUC = 0.798; OR-7.2) and RANTES/MCP1 (AUC = 0.824; OR-6.8) ratios in ROP. Conclusions: Distinct changes were observed in the levels of tear inflammatory factors in ROP infants. The status of RANTES in ROP suggests its possible role in pathobiology and warrants further mechanistic studies to harness it in ROP screening and management.