Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geometry and kinematics of the Fuegian thrust‐fold belt, southernmost Andes

Published balanced structural interpretations of the Fuegian thrust‐fold belt (southernmost Andes) fail to address aspects such as basement shortening in the thrust‐fold belt or its structural connection with the central belt of the orogen. We tackle this deficiency by constructing four serial balanced cross sections based on surface geologic information, 2‐D reflection seismic lines, and well logs, which depict the first‐order structural geometry and kinematics from the thrust front to the internal thrust‐fold belt. The interpretation reveals three main tectonostratigraphic packages separated by major detachments: basement (Paleozoic‐Upper Jurassic), Cretaceous, and Paleogene, all variably involved in thrusting along strike. Minimum shortening in the Paleogene cover ranges between 16% and 43%, and significant style changes are observed across and along the thrust wedge. We show that basement thrust sheets have a major role in the construction of the thrust‐fold belt; some of them were emplaced below the thrust front during late Oligocene or early Miocene times. The kinematic evolution of the thrust‐fold belt indicates that the active detachments depended on the existence of high pore pressure to propagate forward. Our model shows that this pore pressure buildup was controlled by overburden, mean rock impermeability, and strain rate; the variable interaction among these factors controlled the propagation and style of the thrust wedge.
Phishing Website Detection Using Several Machine Learning Algorithms: A Review Paper

Phishing is one of the major web social engineering attacks. This has led to demand for a better way to predict and stop them in a commercial environment. This paper seeks to understand the research done in the field and analyse the next steps forward. This is done by focusing on what goes into the selection of proper features, from manual selection to the use of Genetic Algorithms such as ADABoost and MultiBoost. Then a look into the classifiers in use, Neural Networks and Ensemble algorithms which were prominent alongside some novel approaches. This information is then processed into a framework for cloud-based and client-based phishing website detection, alongside suggestions for possible future research and experiments that could help progress the field.
Two-Step Light Gradient Boosted Model to identify human West Nile 1 Virus infection risk factor in Chicago 2

1 Abstract 9 West Nile virus (WNV), a flavivirus transmitted by mosquito bites, causes primarily mild symptoms but 10 can also be fatal. Therefore, predicting and controlling the spread of West Nile virus is essential for public 11 health in endemic areas. We hypothesized that socioeconomic factors may influence human risk from 12 WNV. We analyzed a list of weather, land use, mosquito surveillance, and socioeconomic variables for 13 predicting WNV cases in 1-km hexagonal grids across the Chicago metropolitan area. We used a two-14 stage lightGBM approach to perform the analysis and found that hexagons with incomes above and below 15 the median are influenced by the same top characteristics. We found that weather factors and mosquito 16 infection rates were the strongest common factors. Land use and socioeconomic variables had relatively 17 small contributions in predicting WNV cases. The Light GBM handles unbalanced data sets well and 18 provides meaningful predictions of the risk of epidemic disease outbreaks.
The Relationship Between Self Efficacy and Self Regulated Learning in Students in Bukittinggi

The relationship between self-efficacy and self-regulated learning in students in Bukittinggi. This study aims to see the relationship between self-efficacy and self-regulated learning in students in Bukittinggi. The population in this study was students at 15 universities in Bukittinggi with stratified proportional random sampling technique. The data collection tool used a self-efficacy scale and a self-regulated learning scale. Data analysis technique using product moment correlation test from Karl Pearson using SPSS 16.0 for windows. The results proved that there was a positive relationship, tevident from the results of the hypothesis test obtained a correlation coefficient rxy of 0.841 and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05).
Postprandial Glucose Variability Following Typical Meals in Youth Living with Type 1 Diabetes

We explored the association between macronutrient intake and postprandial glucose variability in a large sample of youth living with T1D and consuming free-living meals. In the Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Initiative Pediatric (T1DEXIP) Study, youth took photographs before and after their meals on 3 days during a 10 day observation period. We used the remote food photograph method to obtain the macronutrient content of youth’s meals. We also collected physical activity, continuous glucose monitoring, and insulin use data. We measured glycemic variability using standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of glucose for up to 3 h after meals. Our sample included 208 youth with T1D (mean age: 14 ± 2 years, mean HbA1c: 54 ± 14.2 mmol/mol [7.1 ± 1.3%]; 40% female). We observed greater postprandial glycemic variability (SD and CV) following meals with more carbohydrates. In contrast, we observed less postprandial variability following meals with more fat (SD and CV) and protein (SD only) after adjusting for carbohydrates. Insulin modality, exercise after meals, and exercise intensity did not influence associations between macronutrients and postprandial glycemic variability. To reduce postprandial glycemic variability in youth with T1D, clinicians should encourage diversified macronutrient meal content, with a goal to approximate dietary guidelines for suggested carbohydrate intake.
Acute Effects of Loaded and Unloaded Whole-Body Vibration on Vertical Jump Performance in Karate Practitioners

We investigated the acute effects of different whole-body vibration (WBV) interventions on the jump height of highly trained karate practitioners. Fifteen male karate club athletes (age: 20.0 ± 3.8 years; stature: 177.3 ± 4.7 cm; body mass: 76.9 ± 11.2 kg; % body fat: 9.2 ± 4.3) performed six randomized interventions: [a] static half-squat (SHS); [b] SHS with external load at 30% of bodyweight (SHS + 30%BW); [c] WBV at frequency (f)25 Hz , and 2 mm amplitude (A) (WBV 25/2); [d] WBV 25/2 with external load of 30% of bodyweight (WBV 25/2 + 30% BW); [e] WBV at f =50 Hz, and A=4 mm (WBV 50/4) and [f] WBV 50/4 with external load of 30% of bodyweight (WBV 50/4 + 30% BW). Each intervention was performed for 5 sets at 60 seconds/set, with a rest interval of 30 seconds between sets. Countermovement jump (CMJ) data were collected at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 minutes after each preconditioning intervention. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a nonsignificant main effect of intervention [F(5, 10) = 1.44, η2 = 0.42, p = 0.29)] and a significant main effect of rest interval [F(4, 11) = 3.51, η2 = 0.56, p = 0.04)] on CMJ height. A rest interval of 4 minutes resulted in significantly higher CMJ values than a rest interval of 2 minutes (p= 0.031). In conclusion, utilizing a 4-minute rest interval irrespective of the preconditioning schemes may have potential for enhancing jumping performance among highly trained karate practitioners.
The water hyacinth problem and the biological control option in the highland lake region of the upper Nile basin: Uganda's experience

The rapid proliferation and extensive spread of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms in the highland lakes of the Nile Basin within less than 15 years of introduction into the basin in the 1980s pauses potential environmental and social economic menace if the noxious weed is not controlled soon. The water weed has spread all round Lake Victoria and, in Uganda where infes tation is mos t severe, water hyacinth estimated at 1,330,000 ton smothers over 2,000 ha of the lakeshore (August,1994). Lake Kyoga which already constantly supplies River Nile with the weed is infested with over 570 ha, while over 80% of the river course in Uganda is fringed on either side with an average width of about 5m of water hyacinth. As the impact of infestation with water hyacinth on water quality and availability, transportation by water, fishing activities, fisheries ecology, hydro-power generation etc becomes clear in Uganda, serious discussion is under way on how to control and manage the noxious weed. This paper pauses some of the questions being asked regarding the possible application of mechanical and chemical means to control the water weed.Uganda has already initiated the use of biological control of water hyacinth on Lake Kyoga with a strategy to use two weevils namely Neochetinabruchi and Neochetina eichhorniae. The strategy to build capacity and infrastructure for mass multiplication and deployment of biological control of the weevils in the field developed in Uganda by the Fisheries Research Insti tu te (FIRI) and the Namulonge Agricultural and Animal production Research Insti tute (NAARI) is proposed in outline for evaluation. Plans to deploy this strategy on lake Kyoga are under way
B Cells and Double-Negative B Cells (CD27−IgD−) Are Related to Acute Pancreatitis Severity

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an increasingly frequent disease in which inflammation plays a crucial role. Fifty patients hospitalized with AP were included and peripheral blood samples were analyzed for B and T cell subpopulations at the time of hospitalization and 48 h after diagnosis. The Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) and length of hospital stay were also recorded. A healthy control (HC) group of 15 outpatients was included. AP patients showed higher neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratios and higher percentages of B cells than the HC group. The total B cell percentages were higher in patients with moderate/severe AP than in patients with mild AP. The percentages of B cells as well as the percentages of the CD27−IgD− B cell subset decreased from admission to 48 h after admission. The patients with higher BISAP scores showed lower percentages of peripheral lymphocytes but higher percentages of CD27−IgD− B cells. Higher BISAP scores, N/L ratios, and peripheral blood B cell levels emerged as predictors of hospital stay length in AP patients. Our findings underscore the importance of early markers for disease severity. Additionally, the N/L ratio along with the BISAP score and circulating B cell levels form a robust predictive model for hospital stay duration of AP patients.
Innovating AI Leadership Education

This research to practice full paper explores a new educational framework for AI-informed leadership and evaluates its curriculum and pedagogical approach through a novel, tailored, research instrument. Artificial Intelligence continues to rapidly transform many aspects of markets, solutions, and organizational culture across companies, agencies, and institutions in the public and private sectors. Within complex organizations, AI tools, technologies, and applications inform how leaders engage in strategy-making, management, operations, human resources, and professional education. Non-technical managers and executives are increasingly expected to lead teams to implement responsible AI solutions with the promise to improve efficiency, effectiveness, productivity, profitability, and more. AI is rapidly transforming organizational culture, requiring non-technical leaders to develop AI literacy and essential skills to lead teams in implementing responsible AI solutions. In the face of AI-driven change, business leaders need to be AI literate and develop their own essential skills, knowledge, procedures, and perspectives to successfully set vision and strategy to lead teams that can leverage AI to achieve inward-facing and outward-facing business goals. This presents challenges and opportunities to develop new pedagogical approaches and measures to prepare and assess business leaders' AI leadership skills - including understanding human-AI systems in the workplace and their responsible development and ethical use. There are also cultural and organizational behavior challenges in successfully adopting these new capabilities into a global and diverse human-AI workforce at scale. To advance these, we present an innovative hands-on AI leadership curriculum, where participants learn by making and team problem-solving, for United States Air Force (USAF) leaders to learn about AI and its responsible use in human-robot teaming with autonomous robots. We contribute new measures to assess their attitudinal shifts in AI leadership with respect to culture, mindsets, and ethics. We present a pilot study to evaluate our curriculum design and pedagogical approach to foster positive shifts in our AI leadership measures.
Critical Factors in Sample Collection and Preparation for Clinical Metabolomics of Underexplored Biological Specimens

This review article compiles critical pre-analytical factors for sample collection and extraction of eight uncommon or underexplored biological specimens (human breast milk, ocular fluids, sebum, seminal plasma, sweat, hair, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid) under the perspective of clinical metabolomics. These samples are interesting for metabolomics studies as they reflect the status of living organisms and can be applied for diagnostic purposes and biomarker discovery. Pre-collection and collection procedures are critical, requiring protocols to be standardized to avoid contamination and bias. Such procedures must consider cleaning the collection area, sample stimulation, diet, and food and drug intake, among other factors that impact the lack of homogeneity of the sample group. Precipitation of proteins and removal of salts and cell debris are the most used sample preparation procedures. This review intends to provide a global view of the practical aspects that most impact results, serving as a starting point for the designing of metabolomic experiments.
Evidence for geologic processes on comets

Spacecraft missions have resolved the nuclei of six periodic comets and revealed a set of geologically intriguing and active small bodies. The shapes of these cometary nuclei are dominantly bilobate reflecting their formation from smaller cometesimals. Cometary surfaces include a diverse set of morphologies formed from a variety of mechanisms. Sublimation of ices, driven by the variable insolation over the time since each nucleus was perturbed into the inner Solar System, is a major process on comets and is likely responsible for quasi‐circular depressions and ubiquitous layering. Sublimation from near‐vertical walls is also seen to lead to undercutting and mass wasting. Fracturing has only been resolved on one comet but likely exists on all comets. There is also evidence for mass redistribution, where material lifted off the nucleus by subliming gases is deposited onto other surfaces. It is surprising that such sedimentary processes are significant in the microgravity environment of comets. There are many enigmatic features on cometary surfaces including tall spires, kilometer‐scale flows, and various forms of depressions and pits. Furthermore, even after accounting for the differences in resolution and coverage, significant diversity in landforms among cometary surfaces clearly exists. Yet why certain landforms occur on some comets and not on others remains poorly understood. The exploration and understanding of geologic processes on comets is only beginning. These fascinating bodies will continue to provide a unique laboratory for examining common geologic processes under the uncommon conditions of very high porosity, very low strength, small particle sizes, and near‐zero gravity.
Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Lung Fibrosis: From the Effect of Radiomic Features and Multi-Layer-Perceptron Mixers to Pre-Clinical Evaluation

Medical image segmentation is a crucial element of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. Segmentation maps are used to calculate imaging features, such as quantitative disease distribution and radiomic features. Since their introduction in 2015, UNets have become the state-of-the-art segmentation tools. However, since that time, many new methods for image processing have been introduced, such as vision transformers and multi-layer-perceptron-mixers (MLP-Mixers). Alongside baseline UNets, we have now investigated the application of such MLP-Mixers for medical image segmentation, as part of a CAD system for the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Furthermore, we have investigated the effect of 2D and 3D data representations on segmentation and the final CAD results. We have evaluated the performance of the baseline segmentation methods and the MLP-Mixer primary on the overall diagnostic performance of the CAD system - as well as on the accuracy of segmentation as an intermediate step. In addition to network and data representation variations, we have investigated two different techniques for selecting features, an agnostic method and an alternative approach which selects features tailored to a specific segmentation map and diagnosis task. Finally, the CAD’s performance was compared with that of four independent specialists in chest radiology. Among the 105 test cases, the diagnostic accuracy was 77.2±1.6% for the AI-approaches and 79.0±6.9% for the radiologists, indicating that the proposed systems perform comparably well to human readers in most of the cases. For the task of ILD pattern segmentation, similar results were obtained with 3D data and 2D tomography slices.
Associations between Maternal Nutritional Status, Hemodynamic Parameters, and Delivery Outcomes in Low-Risk Pregnancies: A Prospective Observational Study

Maternal nutritional status represents a pivotal predictor of pregnancy outcome. This prospective observational study investigates the associations between maternal characteristics and nutritional habits at term, hemodynamic parameters, and pregnancy outcomes. Healthy women with singleton uncomplicated pregnancies were enrolled at 36–41 gestational weeks. At enrollment, a nutritional score (0–10) was calculated in order to quantify maternal adherence to a healthy diet and lifestyle. Maternal hemodynamic parameters were assessed by using the Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM), including cardiac output (CO), systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and Smith–Madigan inotropy index (SMII). Pregnancy outcomes were recorded at delivery. Associations between maternal characteristics and nutritional score, hemodynamic parameters, and pregnancy outcomes were investigated by using multi-adjusted generalized linear models. In total, 143 pregnancies were enrolled. Pregestational body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with SVR, and negatively associated with CO and SMII. Additionally, a positive association was detected between the nutritional score and SMII. Finally, CO was positively associated with birth and placental weight, while RVS showed a negative association with birth and placental weight. This study shows that maternal derangements in nutritional status and habits are associated with a compromised hemodynamic profile at term, with additional impacts on intrauterine growth.
UnplugGamify: A Didactic Material to Support Student-Centered Unplugged Gamification

Currently, an essential challenge in education in Brazil is to promote quality education that reaches all schools in the country, even those with limited technological educational resources. With this work, we have made a contribution to the field of gamified education by creating a comprehensive didactic booklet that has been translated into Brazilian Portuguese, English, and Spanish, thereby facilitating educators to gamify their classrooms in an unplugged and personalized way. We have introduced an innovative approach to designing unplugged gamified classes, aiming to provide engaging and enjoyable learning for students. This instructional material is based on a framework of five distinct gamification designs, offering teachers a versatile toolkit to gamify their classes, even if they never had any experiences with gamification. Our resources not only serve as valuable aids but also function as guides for teachers, empowering them to gamify their classes in a manner that is both student-centric and adaptable to different contexts, an essential characteristic with the possible variations of the students and places. This booklet is the result of an intensive training course provided to 15 Brazilian teachers, even in a short period of time, training them with essential knowledge and skills. These educators gained proficiency in several key areas, including i) understanding the fundamental concept of gamification and your more common definition, profiling their students and recognizing the pivotal role this plays in designing effective gamified learning experiences for the evolution of them, ii) familiarization with the various gamification elements and their organization into the five distinct designs, and iii) crafting context-free lessons that align with each of these innovative gamification designs. In an evolving educational landscape, our work stands as a beacon, enabling educators to harness the power of gamification and create dynamic, interactive learning environments for their students. This initiative has the potential to improve the quality of education and awaken in students a curiosity that transcends traditional borders. Such a transformation in the educational landscape could have far-reaching effects, ultimately contributing to the cultivation of an innovative, engaged, and motivated future generation, which will drive progress and innovation in various contexts.
Women, Addictions, Mental Health, Dishonesty, and Crime Stigma: Solutions to Reduce the Social Harms of Stigma

British drug policies could underserve women with treatment needs, and this paper provides evidence that communication through the words and actions of professionals across drug and alcohol services, health and mental health, social work and the criminal justice sector can leave women feeling stigmatised and failed. Women live with the stigma of ‘the lying addict’; however, documents and courtroom statements provided by professionals can misrepresent women’s experiences, which exacerbates social harm. Data are drawn from feminist participatory action research, where female lived experience experts worked alongside academics to implement a qualitative study using interviews and focus groups with women using treatment services (n = 28) and an online world café with professionals working with these women (n = 9) and further professionals providing support at lived experience data collection events (n = 5). This data set is cross-referenced with one-to-one and small-group interviews with professionals in the field (n = 17) conducted by a third-sector partner. Findings establish that stigma negatively impacts the identification of treatment needs and access to timely and appropriate service delivery. Social harms to women with addictions could be significantly reduced with timely, authentic, honest, gender-informed and trauma-informed practices for girls and women using drugs and alcohol to self-medicate from traumatic experiences.