Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 as a Blood Clotting Disorder Masquerading as a Respiratory Illness: A Cerebrovascular Perspective and Therapeutic Implications for Stroke Thrombectomy

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) as the name suggests was initially thought to only cause a respiratory illness. However, several reports have been published of patients with ischemic strokes in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The mechanisms of how SARS‐CoV‐2 results in blood clots and large vessel strokes need to be defined as it has therapeutic implications. SARS‐CoV‐2 enters the blood stream by breaching the blood‐air barrier via the lung capillary adjacent to the alveolus, and then attaches to the angiotensin‐converting enzyme II receptors on the endothelial cells. Once SARS‐CoV‐2 enters the blood stream, a cascade of events (Steps 1‐8) unfolds including accumulation of angiotensin II, reactive oxygen species, endothelial dysfunction, oxidation of beta 2 glycoprotein 1, formation of antiphospholipid antibody complexes promoting platelet aggregation, coagulation cascade, and formation of cross‐linked fibrin blood clots, leading to pulmonary emboli (PE) and large vessel strokes seen on angiographic imaging studies. There is emerging evidence for COVID‐19 being a blood clotting disorder and SARS‐CoV‐2 using the respiratory route to enter the blood stream. As the blood‐air barrier is breached, varying degrees of collateral damage occur. Although antiviral and immune therapies are studied, the role of blood thinners in the prevention, and management of blood clots in Covid‐19 need evaluation. In addition to ventilators and blood thinners, continuous aspiration and clot retrieval devices (approved in Europe, cleared in the United States) or cyclical aspiration devices (approved in Europe) need to be considered for the emergent management of life‐threatening clots including PE and large vessel strokes.
Childhood trauma and suicidal ideation among Chinese university students: the mediating effect of Internet addiction and school bullying victimisation

Abstract Aims The factors associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents have been extensively characterised, but the mechanisms underlying the complexities of the relationship between experiences of childhood trauma and suicidal ideation have been less studied. This study examined the direct effect of childhood trauma on suicidal ideation on the one hand and whether school bullying victimisation and Internet addiction mediate the association between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation on the other hand. Methods This school-based mental health survey was carried out in Qinghai Province in Northwest China in December 2019. We employed standardised questionnaires to collect sociodemographic and target mental health outcomes. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression and structural equation modelling were performed for the data analyses. Results This study included 5864 university students. The prevalence of lifetime suicidal ideation and Internet addiction were 34.7% and 21.4%, respectively. Overall, 16.4% and 11.4% of participants reported experiences of childhood trauma and school bullying victimisation, respectively. There were direct effects of childhood trauma, school bullying victimisation and Internet addiction on suicidal ideation. The total effect of childhood trauma on suicidal ideation was 0.201 (p < 0.001). School bullying victimisation and Internet addiction mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation. Internet addiction played a mediating role between school bullying and suicidal ideation. Conclusions Childhood trauma had both direct and indirect effects on suicidal ideation; these effects were mediated by school bullying victimisation and Internet addiction in Chinese university students. Elucidating these relationships will therefore be useful in developing and implementing more targeted interventions and strategies to improve the mental well-being of Chinese university students.
Growth and Pigment Content of Container-grown Impatiens and Petunia in Relation to Root Substrate pH and Applied Micronutrient Concentration

Abstract. The objective was to quantify the effect of substrate pH and micronutrient concentration on growth and pigment content for two ﬂ oricultural crop species, Petunia × hybrida ‘Priscilla’ and Impatiens wallerana ‘Rosebud Purple Magic’. A 70% peat : 30% perlite medium was amended with dolomitic hydrated lime to achieve ﬁ ve substrate pH’s ranging from pH 4.4 to 7.0. Plants were grown in 10-cm-diameter pots in a greenhouse for 4 weeks, and irrigated with a fertilizer containing (in mg · L –1 ) 210N–31P–235K–200Ca–49Mg. Micronutrients were applied using an EDTA (ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid) chelated micronutrient blend (C111), at 1×, 2×, and 4× concentrations (in mg · L –1 ) of 0.50Fe–0.25Mn–0.025Zn–0.04Cu–0.075B–0.01Mo. Petunia shoot dry mass and stem caliper decreased as substrate pH increased, whereas leaf length and width remained unchanged. The highest level of C111 resulted in higher dry mass and smaller leaf area compared with other C111 levels. Overall, substrate pH and C111 had little effect on plant size or mass for impatiens. For both species, increasing substrate pH above 5.3 resulted in a decline in chlorophyll, carotenoids, and the SPAD chlorophyll index (measured with a Minolta-502 SPAD meter) compared with the lowest three pH levels. Chlorosis was observed at pH 7 after 2 weeks of growth. Increasing C111 concentration had no effect on pigment content below pH 5.3, but increased pigment content at higher pH levels. The SPAD index was highly correlated with chlorophyll content. This research emphasizes that an acceptable range in substrate pH can vary depending on fertilizer practices, with higher micronutrient concentration compensating for lower solubility at high substrate pH.
Use of zoophytophagous mirid bugs in horticultural crops: current challenges and future perspectives.

In recent years, the use of predatory mirid bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) in horticultural crops has increased considerably. Mirid bugs are zoophytophagous predators, that is, they display omnivorous behavior and feed on both plants and arthropods. Mirid bugs feed effectively on a wide range of prey, such as whiteflies, lepidopteran eggs, and mites. In addition, the phytophagous behavior of mirid bugs can activate defenses in the plants on which they feed. Despite the positive biological attributes, their use still presents some constraints. Their establishment and retention on the crop is not always easy and economic plant damage can be caused by some mirid species. In this review, the current strategies for using zoophytophagous mirid bugs in horticultural crops, mainly Nesidiocoris tenuis, Macrolophus pygmaeus and Dicyphus hesperus, are reviewed. We discuss, six different approaches, which in our opinion, can optimize the efficacy of mirids as biocontrol agents and help expand their use into more areas worldwide. In this review (1) we highlight the large number of species and biotypes which are yet to be described and their applicability explored, (2) we present how it is possible to take advantage of the mirid-induced plant defenses to improve pest management, (3) we argue that genetic selection of improved mirid strains is feasible, (4) we explore the use of companion plants and (5) the use of alternative foods to improve the mirid bug management, and finally (6) we discuss strategies for the expansion of mirid bugs as biological control agents to other horticultural crops other than just tomatoes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The Value of Luck in the Labor Market for CEOS

It is well-known that luck increases the compensation of CEOs at their current firm. In this paper, we explore how luck affects CEOs' outside options in the labor market, and the performance of firms that hire lucky CEOs. Our results show that luck at their current firm makes CEOs move to a new firm and be appointed as both CEO and chairman. Lucky CEOs tend to match with firms subject to low analyst coverage and operating in less competitive industries. Moreover, lucky CEOs are able to obtain a higher pay at the new firm (both in absolute terms and compared to new industry peers). Finally, difference-in-differences results show that hiring lucky CEOs hurts firm performance, mostly due to a surge in operating costs and a poorer usage of corporate assets.
Management of Alternaria blight of rapeseed-mustard

Field experiments were conducted during 2007–08 to 2009–10 crop seasons to identify effective and economic fungicides and resistant genotypes for the management of Alternaria blight caused by Alternaria brassicae (Berk) Sacc. and Alternaria brassicicola (Schw.) Wiltshire. Three sprays of Quintal (Iprodione 25% + Carbendazim 25%) @ 0.2% with disease intensity, 24.44 and Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC), 399.40 resulted in highest disease reduction followed by 0.15% concentration of the same fungicide with 27.33% disease intensity and 545.25 AUDPC. The next effective fungicide was Tilt (Propiconazole 25 EC) @ 0.1% and 0.075%, respectively. Maximum yield of 1433.33 Kg/ha and test weight of 6.09g were also recorded with Quintal (0.2%) followed by Tilt (0.1%), respectively. These treatments avoided maximum loss 35.46% and 32.32%, respectively. Three sprays of Propineb (Antracol 70 WP) @ 0.2% recorded benefit-cost ratio of 8.58 proved most economical. Genotypes NUDB-26-11, HNS-004, ONK-1, PHR-2 proved resistant and genotypes DMH-1, EC-339000, PBN-2004-1, Kiran, GSL-1, EC-338997 proved moderately resistant against Alternaria blight. As an friendly management, the extracts of ten plants species were found effective in inhibiting the growth of the pathogen in vitro, and degree of inhibition varied from 33.20 to 67.60% at 5% and 48.90 to 77.80% at 10% concentration, respectively. Maximum inhibition (77.80%) was recorded with leaf extract of Eucalyptus sp. , followed by leaf extract of Dhatura (72.20%) and bulb extract of garlic (64.40). Eucalyptus also inhibited spore germination up to 100% at both the concentration proved most fungitoxic against the pathogen, followed by Tulsi (92.60%) and Garlic (76.10%) at 10% concentration.
Evaluation of a Text Messaging Intervention to Support Self-Management of Diabetes During Pregnancy Among Low-Income, Minority Women: Qualitative Study

Background Given the growing burden of diabetes in underserved communities and the complexity of diabetes self-management during pregnancy, the development of interventions to support low-income pregnant women with diabetes is urgently needed. Objective This study aims to develop and pilot test a theory-driven curriculum of SMS text messaging for diabetes support and education during pregnancy. Methods This was a prospective pilot investigation of a novel SMS text messaging intervention offered to pregnant women with pregestational or gestational diabetes mellitus and publicly funded prenatal care. Prior work yielded a conceptual model of diabetes self-management barriers and support factors in this population, which was used to guide curriculum development along with health behavior theories. Participants received three supportive or educational one-way text messages per week during pregnancy. In-depth semistructured interviews were performed at study exit to solicit feedback on the program. Narrative data were analyzed using the constant comparative technique to identify themes and subthemes. Results Participants (N=31 enrolled and n=26 completed both interviews) consistently reported that SMS text messaging provided enhanced motivation for diabetes self-care, reduced diabetes-related social isolation, increased perceived diabetes-associated knowledge, enhanced comfort with the health care team, and reduced logistical burdens of diabetes during pregnancy. Participants requested enhanced interactive and customizable features in future intervention iterations. Conclusions Pregnant women with diabetes who were enrolled in this pilot study of an SMS text messaging curriculum for diabetes support described enhanced motivation, knowledge, and comfort with diabetes self-care activities as a result of the health education intervention. The next steps include enriching the interactive features of the intervention and investigating the effect of the intervention on perinatal outcomes.
Genetic divergence for yield attributing traits in the Rabi sorghum germplasm

Mahalanobis D 2 statistics was used to assess the divergence among the 45 rabi sorghum landraces, 13 advanced breeding lines and 4 popular cultivars. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the 7 traits studied. The 62 genotypes were grouped into 15 clusters where cluster I was the largest comprising of 41 genotypes followed by cluster III with 7 genotypes and cluster XI with 2 genotypes. The inter cluster distance was maximum between cluster XIII and XIV followed by cluster XIV and XV, cluster XII and XV, cluster XII and XIII and cluster V and XIV. Based on the inter cluster distance and per se performance, the elite variety Phule Anuradha, the landraces RSV 1426, SSRG 147, Pusegaon local and the advanced breeding line RSV 1420 can be utilized in breeding programmes as potential parents for crop improvement. Seed yield contributed maximum to divergence (31.84 %) followed by plant height (20.62 %) and days to 50% flowering (14.38 %).
Blood Flow Restriction Exercise: Effects of Sex, Cuff Width, and Cuff Pressure on Perceived Lower Body Discomfort

Narrow cuffs cause less discomfort than wide cuffs immediately following elbow flexion exercise in combination with blood flow restriction, possibly due to a balling up effect of the bicep underneath the cuff. In this study, we sought to examine the impact of cuff width, sex, and pressure on perceived discomfort in the quadriceps, following knee extensions. One hundred participants completed three separate experiments. In Experiment 1, we compared participants’ discomfort at rest after using a 5 and a 12 cm cuff. In Experiment 2, we compared the discomfort from these two cuffs after four sets of exercise. In Experiment 3, we used the same exercise protocol as in Experiment 2, but we compared the discomfort between a 12 cm cuff inflated to an inappropriate pressure and a 12 cm cuff inflated to the recommended pressure. We found no sex differences in Experiments 1 and 3. In Experiment 1, the narrow cuff had higher discomfort (16 vs 12 AU). In Experiment 2, men reported higher discomfort than women, with no discomfort differences related to cuff width, though narrow cuffs were most preferred. In Experiment 3, cuffs inflated to a pressure intended for narrow cuffs were associated with higher discomfort, and participants preferred to use it less. In summary, we found no strong evidence for discomfort differences due to cuff width. There was some indication that participants preferred narrow cuffs with pressures inflated to the recommended relative pressure. Muscle shape may influence how cuff width affects discomfort.
Immunological and Histopathological Effect of Plant Extract on Schistocerca Gregaria

The desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk) is one of the serious pests attacking vegetables and wide varieties of other field crops in Egypt and other different countries.The present study was also extended to conduct the insecticidal effect of the most potent extracts Citrullus colocynthis, and Guayacum officinalis extract post formulation on S. gergaria larvae. The present study has been conducted to investigate the effect of plant extract on differential and total haemocyte counts and midgut histopathologiocal changes of S. gregaria Four types of haemocytes were characterized; prohaemocytes (PRs), plasmatocytes (PLs), granulocytes (GRs) and oenocytoids (OEs). The percentage of PRs decreased in insects fed on leaves treated with Citrullus colocynthis, and Guayacum officinalis plant The percentage of PLs increased, while the percentage of GRs decreased in all tested insects treated. The percentages of oenocytoids (OEs) increased in insect fed treated compared with control. Results indicated that THCs of insects fed on leaves treated significantly decreased in all insects treated. also, showed highly histopathological disturbances in the midgut and body wall cells of this pest. Among the most recorded observations are vacuolation, destruction of the cells.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG promotes M1 polarization in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages by activating TLR2/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathway.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is increasingly applied in functional food products and acts as a probiotic model in nutritious and clinical studies. Increasing evidences have revealed the immune modulation of LGG on macrophages. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of LGG on macrophage polarization of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). BMDMs were treated with 108 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml LGG for 1.5, 3, and 6 hr. Results showed that LGG obviously upregulated the mRNA expression of M1-associated cytokines (p < .05), including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), whereas had no effect on the expression of M2-associated markers (p > .05), including arginase 1 (Arg1), mannose receptor, and chitinase-like protein 3 (YM1). Furthermore, LGG markedly increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12p40, cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], and interferon-γ [IFN-γ]) (p < .05) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-4, and transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β]) (p < .05). In addition, we also found that TLR2/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathway was required for LGG-induced M1 macrophage polarization and M1-related cytokines expression. Together, these findings demonstrate that probiotic LGG facilitates M1 polarization of BMDMs, suggesting that LGG may have an immunotherapeutic potential in regulating the host defense against pathogen invasion.
Understanding immunopathological fallout of human coronavirus infections including COVID‐19: Will they cross the path of rheumatologists?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is the biggest pandemic of our lifetime to date. No effective treatment is yet in sight for this catastrophic illness. Several antiviral agents and vaccines are in clinical trials, and drug repurposings as immediate and alternative choices are also under consideration. Immunomodulatory agents like hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as well as biological disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) such as tocilizumab and anakinra received worldwide attention for treatment of critical patients with COVID‐19. This is of interest to rheumatologists, who are well versed with rational use of these agents. This brief review addresses the understandings of some of the common immunopathogenetic mechanisms in the context of autoimmune rheumatic diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and COVID‐19. Apart from demographic comparisons, the role of type I interferons (IFN), presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and finally mechanism of action of HCQ in both the scenarios are discussed here. High risks for fatal disease in COVID‐19 include older age, metabolic syndrome, male gender, and individuals who develop delayed type I IFN response. HCQ acts by different mechanisms including prevention of cellular entry of SARS‐CoV‐2 and inhibition of type I IFN signaling. Recent controversies regarding efficacy of HCQ in management of COVID‐19 warrant more studies in that direction. Autoantibodies were also reported in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) as well as in COVID‐19. Rheumatologists need to wait and see whether SARS‐CoV‐2 infection triggers development of autoimmunity in patients with COVID‐19 infection in the long run.
AGO Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Locally Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer: Update 2020.

Nina Ditsch a Michael Untch b Cornelia Kolberg-Liedtke c Christian Jackisch d David Krug e Michael Friedrich f Wolfgang Janni g Volkmar Müller h Ute-Susann Albert i Malgorzata BanysPaluchowski j Ingo Bauerfeind k Jens-Uwe Blohmer c Wilfried Budach l Peter Dall m Ingo Diel n Eva Maria Fallenberg o Peter A. Fasching p Tanja Fehm q Bernd Gerber r Oleg Gluz s Volker Hanf t Nadia Harbeck u Jörg Heil v Jens Huober g Hans H. Kreipe w Thorsten Kühn x Sherko Kümmel y Sibylle Loibl z Diana Lüftner A Michael Lux B Nicolai Maass C Volker Moebus D Christoph Mundhenke C Tjoung-Won Park-Simon E Toralf Reimer r Kerstin Rhiem F Achim Rody G Marcus Schmidt H Andreas Schneeweiss v Chistine Solbach I Erich-Franz Solomayer J Elmar Stickeler K Christoph Thomssen L Isabell Witzel h Achim Wöckel i Marc Thill M
Effects of an International Tournament on Heart Rate Variability and Perceived Recovery in Elite Water Polo Players

Abstract Botonis, PG, Smilios, I, Platanou, TI, and Toubekis, AG. Effects of an international tournament on heart rate variability and perceived recovery in elite water polo players. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2313–2317, 2022—The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of an international tournament participation in vagal-related heart rate variability and perceived recovery among elite water polo players. Nine elite water polo players participated in an intensified training week (pretournament) and then traveled abroad to take part in an international tournament including 3 high-competitive matches during a 4-day period. Internal workload was measured after training or competition. Morning, postwakening natural logarithm of the root mean square of successive differences (lnRMSSD) and measures of perceived recovery were obtained pretournament and daily during the tournament. Logarithm of the root mean square of successive differences was also measured 30 minutes after the completion of each match of the tournament. Logarithm of the root mean square of successive differences was suppressed after the first match (p = 0.03, d = −0.75), compared with the first morning of the tournament, rebounded the following morning (p = 0.03, d = 0.87), and remained unaltered until the third match. In the last morning of the tournament, LnRMSSD was higher compared with the first postmatch measurement (p = 0.002, d = 1.57) and tended to be higher than pretournament (p = 0.09, d = 0.81). Perceived recovery and internal workloads were lower in the tournament days compared with pretournament (p < 0.001, d = 2.0 and p < 0.001, d = 14.0, respectively). In conclusion, heart rate variability may stabilize and progressively increase by the end of a tournament, as compared with a pretournament training period, reflecting an enhanced parasympathetic reactivation may be due to the reduced training load. By contrast, perceived recovery was suppressed indicating that other factors may also influence the overall recovery of the players.