Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motor Responses of Lumbar Erector Spinae Induced by Electrical Vestibular Stimulation in Seated Participants

Introduction: The study of motor responses induced by electrical vestibular stimulation (EVS) may help clarify the role of the vestibular system in postural control. Although back muscles have an important role in postural control, their EVS-induced motor responses were rarely studied. Moreover, the effects of EVS parameters, head position, and vision on EVS-induced back muscles responses remain little explored. Objectives: To explore the effects of EVS parameters, head position, and vision on lumbar erector spinae muscles EVS-induced responses. Design: Exploratory, cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: Ten healthy participants were recruited. Three head positions (right, left and no head rotation), 4 intensities (2, 3, 4, 5 mA), and 4 EVS durations (5, 20, 100, 200 ms) were tested in sitting position with eyes open or closed. EVS usually induced a body sway toward the anode (placed on the right mastoid). EMG activity of the right lumbar erector spinae was recorded. Variables of interest were amplitude, occurrence, and latency of the EVS-induced modulation of the EMG activity. Results: The short-latency response was inhibitory and the medium-latency response was excitatory. Increased EVS current intensity augmented the occurrence and the amplitude of the short- and medium-latency responses (more inhibition and more excitation, respectively). EVS duration influenced the medium-latency response differently depending on the position of the head. Right head rotation produced larger responses amplitude and occurrence than left head rotation. Opposite head rotation (left vs. right) did not induce a reversal of the short- and medium-latency responses (i.e., the inhibition did not become an excitation), as typically reported in lower legs muscles. The eyes open condition did not modulate muscle responses. Conclusion: Modulation of EVS parameters (current intensity and duration of EVS) affects the amplitude and occurrence of the lumbar erector spinae responses. In contrast, vision did not influence the responses, suggesting its minimal contribution to vestibulomotor control in sitting. The lack of response reversal in sagittal plane may reflect the biomechanical role of lumbar erector spinae to fine-tune the lumbar lordosis during the induced body sway. This hypothesis remains to be further tested.
COVID-19 Charity Advertising: Identifiable Victim Message Framing, Self-Construal, and Donation Intent

Abstract We investigate the interactive effect of donors’ self-construal and frame of a persuasive message (emphasizing statistical or identifiable victims affected by COVID-19) on donation intent. Three studies featuring 1,104 participants document a positive effect of the identifiable victim (vs. statistical victims) frame on donation intent, but only for interdependent respondents and not for independent ones (study 1). This conditional positive effect of the identifiable victim frame is due to interdependents’ heightened holistic thinking style (studies 2 and 3). Findings have public significance for addressing COVID-related economic challenges. The paper concludes with theoretical contributions, practical implications, and ideas for future research.
Optical properties of [Ta2O5]1-x[TiO2]x, (x = 0.08) thin films

Abstract Thin films of [Ta2O5]1-x-[TiO2]x, with x = 0.08, were deposited on quartz substrates (for optical study) and p- type mono- crystalline silicon (100) surfaces (for structural characterization and electrical measurements) by RF magnetron sputtering of [Ta2O5]0.92-[TiO2]0.08, ceramic target, using argon as sputtering gas and oxygen as reactive gas. Films were deposited at room temperature and further annealed at 400, 500, 600 and 700 0C, at ambient atmosphere. The observed XRD patterns show that the as- deposited and annealed films have crystalline structure. The spectral transmissions of the [Ta2O5]1-x-[TiO2]x (x = 0.08) films were measured in UV-visible range. The low optical transmittance in as-deposited films may be due to the presence of unreacted tantalum along with Ta2O5 in the films. From the observed transmission spectra, refractive index, optical band gap, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, and thickness of prepared [Ta2O5]0.92-[TiO2]0.08 films, have been calculated by Swanepoel’s envelope technique.
Trace element imbalances in blood serum of Alzheimer’s disease patients

Abstract Trace element concentration of blood serum samples of patients afflicted with Alzheimer’s disease and controls were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. 22 elements starting from low atomic number element lithium to high atomic number element lead were covered under this study. The concentration of lithium and vanadium were measured for the first time. The concentration levels of lithium, aluminum, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, arsenic, selenium, silver, cadmium, cesium, mercury, and lead are found to be higher and the concentration levels of gallium, rubidium, and barium to be lower in the samples of the Alzheimer’s disease afflicted patients compared to controls. The difference in the concentration levels of beryllium, copper, and strontium between the specimens of Alzheimer's disease patients and controls is statistically insignificant. An attempt is made to correlate the trace element imbalance, where observed, with the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Influence of moisture on ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition of a composite containing oxidized MWCNT and TGS

Abstract This work reports experimental results for investigating the effects of residual water on phase transition in triglycine sulfate (TGS) filled with 5 wt% of oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (OMWCNTs) under a relative humidity of 90% for different storage time. A similar composite containing TGS and non-oxidized MWCNT was also synthesized for comparison. According to measured data, the moisture was well adsorbed into OMWCNT/TGS composite and resulted in the shift of phase transition point toward higher temperatures for samples stored for less than 5 days. The longer storage caused a significant drop of dielectric constant at phase transition.
Toward Effective Synergetic Effects from Graphene Nanoplatelets and Carbon Nanotubes on Thermal Conductivity of Ultrahigh Volume Fraction Nanocarbon Epoxy Composites

Utilizing synergetic effects of different fillers is an important strategy to design and develop high-performance nanocomposites. However, owing to the well-known problems such as dispersion, solution viscosity control, and so on, synergetic enhancement effects are usually offset by the defects induced by fillers in highly loaded nanocomposites. In this work, remarkable synergetic efficiency was realized in graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNT) highly loaded epoxy composites through a well-designed fabrication method. Dramatic thermal conductivity enhancement was observed in the epoxy composites with 10–50 vol% nanocarbon filler due to synergetic effects. For example, the composite with 20 vol% CNTs and 20 vol% GNPs possess a thermal conductivity up to 6.31 W/mK. This is even much higher than that of the composites with individual 50 vol % CNTs or 50 vol% GNPs. A maximum thermal conductivity 7.30 W/mK was obtained, which is 38-fold of that of the pure epoxy resin. Thermal trans.
The Routine Use of the Astrup Microequipment

The Astrup microequipment used is that described by Astrup and his co-workers (1960). In the author's laboratory it has been found convenient to collect the blood into three heparinised capillaries each containing about 0·03 ml. of blood. The pH is determined using one specimen, the second specimen is equilibrated at a PC02 tension of approximately 28 mm. Hg. and the pH then determined and then the third equilibrated at a PC02 of approximately 56 mm. Hg. before determination of pH. The value chosen to represent the non-respiratory factor has been the standard bicarbonate-thus in routine reports from the author's laboratory, pH, PC02 and standard bicarbonate are recorded. The precision of the techniques is shown in Table 1. TABLE I
Synthesis, Characterization, Weak Interactions, and 3D Crystal Structures of Two New Salts Based on Bis(1,2,5-thiadiazole-3,4-dithiolate)nickelate Anion with 4-Substituted Benzyl 4-Ethylpyridinium Derivatives

Two new salts based on [Ni(tdas)2]2− (tdas2− = 1, 2, 5-thiadiazole-3,4-dithiolate), [4FBz-4EtPy]2[Ni(tdas)2](1) and [4BrBz-4EtPy]2[Ni(tdas)2] (2), have been prepared by reaction of Na2tdas, NiCl2.6H2O, and [4RBz-4EtPy]Br([4RBz-4EtPy]+ = 4-R-benzyl-4′-ethylpyridinium, R = F(1), Br(2)), and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis, EI-MS spectra, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Two salts crystallize in different systems with the different stacking modes of the anions and the cations. The [4FBz-4EtPy]+ cations in 1 form a 1D chain through C−H···F hydrogen bonds, while the [Ni(tdas)2]2− anions form a 1D chain in 2 through intermolecular short S···S interactions. Some other intra-molecular contacts such as C−H···S, C−H···N, C–H···Ni, π···π, S···N, and S···Br weak interactions in 1 and 2 play an important role in the stacking of the molecules and give further rise to a network 3D structure.
Comparison of the time taken for subarachnoid block using ultrasound-guided method versus landmark technique for cesarean section – A randomized controlled study

Background and Aims: Spinal anesthesia is the regional technique preferred for cesarean section and is usually administered using the traditional landmark technique. Ultrasonography of the spine appears to be helpful in locating the puncture site and increasing the success rate. The primary objective of this study was to assess the use of ultrasonogram in locating the lumbar interspinous space for spinal anesthesia in laboring parturients brought for elective cesarean section. Material and Methods: Sixty parturients scheduled to undergo elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were included in this prospective randomized controlled trial, after obtaining the institutional ethical clearance. In Group I, 30 patients received spinal anesthesia by landmark technique and in Group II, 30 patients underwent ultrasound-guided spinal anesthesia. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 17 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA) for Microsoft windows. Results: The time taken for spinal in Group I was longer than in Group II (62 ± 18s; 41 ± 11s; P = 0.0001). The number of attempts of needle insertion was significantly less in Group II (group I 1.86 ± 1.04: group II 1.06 ± 0.25). However, the total preparation time (28 8.30 ± 92 vs 804.73 ± 77; P = 0.0001) was more in the ultrasound-guided than in the landmark group. The patients had better satisfaction in group II. Conclusion: Preprocedural ultrasound is a useful tool for successful lumbar puncture in parturients as it minimizes the number of attempts of needle insertion and provides better patient satisfaction.
Impact of COVID-19 on oral and maxillofacial surgery practice in India: A national survey

Study Design: The Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted oral and maxillofacial (OMF) surgeons' practice globally. We implemented a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey among the OMF surgeons of India. Objective: The objectives of the study were (1) gathering data among the maxillofacial surgeons in terms of their occupational exposure and access to adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) and (2) to estimate how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the practice of OMF surgeons in India. Materials and Methods: Complete responses of 178 OMF surgeons were included in the study. Descriptive and analytic statistics were computed. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Binary logistic regression models were created to assess the predictors of the impact of the COVID-19. Results: Out of the 178 respondents of the study, most (37.1%) were following their hospital's guidelines. Most had access to adequate PPE (89.9%), whereas 93.8% had COVID-19 testing available. One hundred and thirty-three (74.7%) surgeons were involved in teleconsultation. Ninety-two (51.7%) and 166 (93.3%) were involved in elective surgery and emergency surgeries, respectively. Median outpatient department cases and number of surgeries done per week reduced by 73.9% and 66.7% (P < 0.001), respectively. Most surgeons (86%) experienced that cost of treatment had increased during the COVID. Over 75% were afraid to get infected with COVID, whereas 44.9% were anxious to lose the income. More than 56% of the OMF surgeons reported a fall in income and 94% reported decreased productivity in academic research. Most surgeons (93.8%) believed that COVID had a positive impact on human behavior in terms of hand hygiene. Conclusion: The impact of COVID-19 among OMF surgeons has adversely affected clinical practice, personal lives, and academic productivity and has catalyzed an exponential increase of telemedicine. Future surveys should capture the long-term impact of COVID-19.
A randomized comparison of epidural, dural puncture epidural, and combined spinal-epidural without intrathecal opioids for labor analgesia

Background and Aims: Dural puncture epidural (DPE) has been shown to improve labor analgesia over epidural (EPL), with fewer side effects than a combined spinal-epidural (CSE). However, there is some debate regarding the superiority of DPE over EPL and CSE. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of EPL, DPE, and CSE without intrathecal opioids on the epidural local anesthetic (LA) consumption and occurrence of side effects in early labor. Material and Methods: We randomly assigned parturient to one of the 3 groups; EPL, DPE, or CSE. EPL and DPE groups received a 10 mL loading dose of 0.1% bupivacaine with fentanyl 2 μg/mL. CSE group received intrathecal 2.5 mg bupivacaine (without opioids). Labor analgesia was maintained in all patients via patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA). The primary outcome was the mean hourly consumption of epidural LA. Results: The mean hourly consumption of epidural LA anesthetic was significantly lower in CSE (9.55 mL), compared with the EPL (11 mL), and DPE (10.5 mL), P < 0.01; but no significant difference was seen between EPL and DPE. Compared with EPL and DPE, CSE achieved faster time to complete analgesia defined as a numeric rating pain scale (NRPS) ≤1 and sensory block, lower NRPS in the first hour and higher frequencies of complete analgesia. There were no differences between groups in terms of physician top-up boluses, the occurrence of side-effects, mode of delivery, Apgar scores, and maternal satisfaction. Conclusion: Compared with EPL and DPE, CSE without intrathecal opioids, had a less epidural LA consumption, faster onset of analgesia, with no difference in the incidence of side effects. Trial Registration: This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov (NCT03980951).
Knowledge and awareness of dental implants as a treatment choice in the adult population in North India: A hospital-based study

Background: Implantology is an emerging field of science, although there are not many subjects who opt for this treatment modality. Replacement of missing or lost teeth with dental prostheses supported by oral implants has been accepted and received positive evaluations from patients who have undergone implant treatment. Today, implant-supported restorations can be considered the treatment of choice from the perspective of occlusal support, preservation of adjacent teeth, and avoidance of a removable partial denture. Currently, dental implants are widely accepted as a prosthetic treatment of completely or partially edentulous patients. This led to widespread acceptance and popularity of dental implants within the dental professional community. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and awareness of dental implants in residents of Uttarakhand. Materials and Methods: A total population of 500 subjects were randomly selected and evaluated based on filled questionnaire responses. Results: A low level of knowledge was observed on analyzing the filled responses among the studied population. Conclusion: General public should be made aware on dental implants as treatment modality along with the focus on increasing the cost feasibility.
Comparative evaluation of analgesic efficacy of buprenorphine transdermal patch and fentanyl patch in management of postoperative pain after arthroscopic lower limb surgery: A randomized controlled trial

Background and Aims: Transdermal opioids are newer modality in use for the control of postoperative pain, because of its noninvasiveness, longer duration of action, sustained blood levels, and with minimal side effects. The study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of analgesia of buprenorphine patch 10, 20 μg·h-1 and fentanyl patch 25 μg·h-1 for relief of pain in the postoperative period in patients undergoing arthroscopic lower limb surgeries. Materials and Methods: It was a randomized, double-blinded, prospective study in which adult patients undergoing lower limb arthroscopic surgery were randomly segregated into three groups. In Group 1 (fentanyl patch 25 μg·h-1), Group 2 (buprenorphine patch 10 μg·h-1), and Group 3 (buprenorphine patch 20 μg·h-1), transdermal patches were applied 12 h prior to surgery. Mean NRS score, total rescue analgesic requirement, drug-related adverse effects, and hemodynamic status were evaluated till 72 h in the postoperative period. Results: Out of 175 screened patients, 150 patients were finally analyzed. Baseline characteristics were the same among all the three groups. Median NRS score was lowest in Group 3 [P value < 0.05 at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after surgery (Kruskal Wallis test). The total consumption of postoperative rescue analgesic diclofenac was the lowest in Group 3 as compared to other groups without any significant increase in adverse events. Conclusions: In arthroscopic lower limb surgery, buprenorphine patch (20 μg·h-1) applied 12 h prior to surgery is an effective postoperative analgesic and it is not associated with any significant adverse effects.
The interaction of alpha-mangostin and its derivatives against main protease enzyme in COVID-19 using in silico methods

More than 111 million people worldwide have been affected by the COVID-19 outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2. The main therapeutic target of COVID-19 is main protease (Mpro). It plays a key role as an enzyme in the SARS-CoV-2 replication and transcription. In this case, the alpha-mangostin potentially has antiviral activity against Mpro by inhibiting this enzyme. Nevertheless, the alpha-mangostin has low solubility and a lack of information about alpha-mangostin activity against the SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study is to describe the molecular interactions and identify the pharmacokinetics profile between alpha-mangostin and its derivatives. in silico study was conducted by pharmacokinetics and toxicity prediction, molecular docking simulation, and Lipinski's rule of five. FKS9 has a Gibbs free energy value of-10.5 kcal/mol with an inhibition constant of 36.45 μM and an interaction with amino acid His41 residue. Its human intestinal absorption and Caco-2 values were 95.13% and 47.71% while the plasma protein binding and blood-brain barrier values were 96.66% and 6.99%. FKS9 also has no mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. FKS9 as an alpha-mangostin derivative had the best interaction with the Mpro enzyme and its pharmacokinetic profiles was identified.
Does an autogenous demineralized dentin (ADDM) graft has the ability to form a new bone?

Aim: This aimed to evaluate a new bone formation and to provide a single-stage treatment, i.e., extraction of tooth followed by autogenous dentin demineralized (ADDM) graft in the same extraction socket (ES) – for adult patients who require tooth extraction. Materials and Methods: Two hundred teeth extractions were performed to investigate the efficacy of ADDM graft in the formation of new bone. After demineralization of dentin graft parameters such as exposure of graft, any signs of infections/pus/exudates, pain, and bone density were evaluated. Results: On follow-up, exposure of graft was recorded in five sockets at 1 month and infection was recorded in four sockets. Pain was significantly high at postoperative day 1 and least with 3rd and 6th months. There was a highly significant bone formation (P < 0.01, 0.05) in the ES group at various time intervals, while there were no significant differences in the adjacent bone group. Conclusion: Using ADDM graft in providing a single-stage treatment plan, i.e., extraction of tooth followed by autogenous demineralized dentin graft in the same ES in adult patients – is an alternative for the immediate reconstruction of alveolar bone defects to facilitate the future prosthesis. It also saves the cost of other graft materials which are commercially available in market for the patient and also reduces the infective dental waste globally.
Standardization of Leonurus sibiricus L. aerial part and capillary electrophoresis quantitative analysis of its leonurine content

The quality parameters of Leonurus sibiricus L. aerial part crude drugs were evaluated. Fifteen crude drugs were collected from various locations throughout Thailand. The transverse section of the stem of L. sibiricus showed quadrangular character highlighted the ribs with angular collenchyma. The epidermis was uniseriate with abundant glandular trichomes distribution. Prismatic calcium oxalate prisms were found in the stem medullary parenchyma. The histological character of crude drug powder showed bordered pitted vessel, fragment of fiber, glandular trichome, prism crystal, spiral vessel, starch granule, and stomata. The loss on drying, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, and moisture contents should be not more than 8.18, 15.28, 4.04, and 8.91 g/100 g dry weight, whereas ethanol and water-soluble extractive values should be not less than 7.67, and 17.21 g/100 g of dry weight, respectively. Leonurine in the crude drugs were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with photodiode array detector. The ethanolic extraction performed by Soxhlet apparatus yielded 18.86 ± 4.09 g/100 g dry weight. The electropherogram detected at 277 nm showed the migration time of leonurine at 6.2 min. The developed CE was found to be valid for leonurine quantification in L. sibiricus ethanolic extract. The contents of leonurine in 15 crude drugs ranged from 0.79 to 4.23 mg/g with the average of 2.38 ± 1.10 mg/g dry weight. This study established the pharmacognostic specification of L. sibiricus crude drug in Thailand with special reference to a bioactive compound, leonurine. CE was beneficial technique for the analysis of leonurine in L. sibiricus aerial parts.