Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A low-cost TinyML model for Mosquito Detection in Resource-Constrained Environments

Yearly, more than 200 million malaria cases are recorded worldwide. Most of these cases are witnessed in less developed countries as the environments are not well-maintained, which forms breeding places for mosquitoes. Female mosquito-anopheles is responsible for malaria infection, dengue, chikungunya, and zika. Developing countries struggle to fight diseases; malaria still claims more than 400,000 lives annually. One current way to keep away anopheles mosquitoes is using commercially available electric liquid mosquito repellents, which can adversely affect the human body when used for extended periods. Furthermore, energy and sprays are wasted as they constantly work even without the presence of anopheles mosquitoes. We propose a low-cost IoT-based TinyML model that intelligently discharges the mosquito repellent when an anopheles mosquito is in the room. First, we prove the concept by exploring two lightweight deep learners with a 1D Convolution Neural Network (1D-CNN) and 2D Convolution Neural Network (2D-CNN) to classify raw sounds from mosquito wingbeats. We adopted a Leaky ReLU in building the 1D-CNN to speed up training and improve classification performance. Furthermore, we adopted batch normalization to avoid degradation and vanishing gradient problems. We implemented the experiments in an Edge impulse platform. Each of the CNN models recorded stable classification performance during the proof of concept study, while the 1D-CNN took less time and computing resources in training, validation, and testing. As we aimed to propose a low-cost solution, we evaluated the performance of the 1D-CNN-based prototype in the actual deployment by playing mosquito wingbeat sounds on a laptop which we placed next to it in intervals of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3 meters. The model showed promising results across distances and thus could be used to chase away mosquitoes in a room of small to medium size.
Self-Determination and Online Learning: A Study of Chinese Undergraduate Students in Higher Education

This study is based on Self-Determination Theory and explores the self-regulation and perceived autonomy support of Chinese college students in online learning in higher education. A mixed research method was used, including student surveys and semi-structured interviews. The participants were students studying French at a university in Guangxi, a province in southern China where the development of information technology in higher education is relatively lagging, but remote education and online learning have rapidly developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show a strong positive correlation between autonomous regulation and learning outcomes, as well as a moderate positive correlation between autonomous regulation and perceived autonomy support. There is also a strong positive correlation between controlled regulation and learning outcomes. In contrast to previous studies, it was found in interviews with students who had poor grades that their self-monitoring and levels of controlled regulation were weak, and their perceived autonomy support was also weak. They found it difficult to keep up and felt disconnected from online courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the study also found that the reason why Chinese students with good grades have high levels of both autonomous regulation and controlled regulation. These findings have important implications for the development of information technology in Chinese higher education and the improvement of self-regulation ability and perceived autonomy support for students in online education.
Denning of grizzly bears in the Yellowstone National Park area

Radiotelemetry was used to locate 101 grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) dens from 1975 to 1980; 35 dens were examined on the ground. Pregnant females denned in late October, and most other bears denned by mid-November. Duration of denning averaged 113, 132, and 170 days for males, females, and females with new cubs, respectively. Males emerged from mid-February to late March, followed by single females and females with yearlings and 2-yearolds. Females with new cubs emerged from early to mid-April. Den sites were associated with moderate tree cover (26%-75% canopy cover) on 30? -60? slopes. Dens occurred on all aspects, although northerly exposures were most common. Grizzly bears usually dug new dens but occasionally used natural cavities or a den from a previous year. Males usually dug larger dens than females with young. Eight excavated and 2 natural dens of the 35 examined dens were used for more than 1 year. Int. Conf Bear Res. and Manage. 6:111-117 The Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team has studied grizzly bears in and around Yellowstone Na? tional Park since 1973. One major objective was to identify grizzly bear habitat requirements. Grizzly bears occupy dens in the Yellowstone area for up to 6 months of each year and dens are therefore an important segment of the habitat. Intelligent man? agement decisions depend on knowing dates of den entry and emergence, general areas of denning, and site selection. We gathered data pertaining to these factors from fall 1975 through 1980. Craighead and Craighead (1972) did the original work on grizzly bear dens and denning habits in this area between 1963 and 1968. Since the completion of those studies, the Yellowstone grizzly bear pop? ulation has dispersed considerably because garbage dumps within the park have closed (Judd and Knight 1980). We acknowledge the assistance of many seasonal employees in investigating den sites, especially D. Burrup, L. Cayot, C. Hancock, C. Hunt, and H. Ihsle. M. Duffy piloted the helicopter when we marked den sites, and D. and R. Stradley piloted the planes used to gather data on den locations and denning and emergence dates. J. Beecham reviewed this manu? script.
Narrow, but not broad, spectrum resistance and disease reshape phyllosphere bacterial communities

The phyllosphere is a restrictive environment for microbes, resulting in microbial communities typically dominated by select taxa with specific adaptations for success in this niche. However, biotic stress, especially from plant disease, could disrupt this environment in ways that alter the resulting phyllosphere community, with potential consequences for plant and human health. Additionally, plant disease resistance, through both broad (pattern-triggered immunity) and specific (effector-triggered immunity) resistance, could affect non-pathogenic communities directly or indirectly via effects on disease progression. Here, we tested how transgenic ETI and PTI resistance genes affected the phyllosphere communities of tomato plants in the face of infection by Xanthomonas perforans and the resulting bacterial spot disease. We found that the expression of the Bs2 transgene (ETI) had major effects on phyllosphere communities, while the EFR (PTI) transgene did not. The effect of the Bs2 resistance gene could be largely attributed to the change in disease symptoms. Diseased leaves harbored reduced bacterial diversity and reductions in major phyllosphere inhabitants (e.g. Sphinogmonas and Methylobacterium), while a limited number of bacterial genera showed increased relative abundance on diseased leaves. These results suggest that phyllosphere communities are sensitive to the direct and indirect effects of plant disease and resistance, and the consequences of these shifts for plant and human health deserve further investigation.
Blocking oligomerization is the most viable strategy to inhibit STING

Autoimmune disorders are frequently exacerbated by aberrant STING signaling. While STING inhibitors are highly sought after, no viable therapeutic strategies have been reported. When stimulated, STING undergoes a multi-step mechanism to activate downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including palmitoylation, translocation from the ER to the Golgi, and oligomerization, but it remains unclear which step(s) are strictly required and therefore should be targeted by potential STING inhibitors. Here, we comprehensively established the order and determined the necessity of each STING activation step. We find that ER-to-Golgi translocation is dispensable for downstream ISG activation, and a previously studied palmitoylation site, C91, is not required for activation in all contexts. Cysteine reactivity mapping and metabolic labeling identified a new palmitoylation site, C64, that is basally palmitoylated and required for STING activation, but is not druggable due to poor solvent accessibility. We confirm that the oligomerization step of STING activation is strictly required, and therefore developed a short peptide mimicking its natural autoinhibitory domain that effectively inhibits STING activation: a proof of concept for the first viable strategy for developing STING inhibitors.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BELANJA BANTUAN SOSIAL DAN INVESTASI SWASTA TERHADAP KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA.

Kemiskinan merupakan suatu permasalahan bangsa yang mendesak sehingga pemerintah berupaya untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut melalui kebijakan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan melalui belanja bantuan sosial dan investasi swasta. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh belanja bantuan sosial dan Investasi Swasta terhadap kemiskinan di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Ordinary Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa belanja bantuan sosial memiliki pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan begitu juga dengan Investasi Swasta memiliki pengaruh negative dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan dan secara bersama-sama Belanja Bantuan Sosial Pemerintah dan Investasi Swasta memiliki pengaruh dan signifikan terhadap Kemiskinan di provinsi Sulawesi Utara.
Numerical Simulation on the Cavitation Flow of High Speed Oblique Water Entry of Revolution Body

To explore the effects of water entry angle on the cavitation flow field of high-speed revolution body, based on the finite volume method, VOF (Volume of Fluid) multiphase model, Schnerr-Sauer cavity model, SST k-ω turbulence model, and dynamic mesh method, numerical simulation for modeling the oblique water entry of revolution body at high speed is performed. The evolution laws of cavity shape, motion characteristics, and hydrodynamic characteristics of revolution body at different water entry angles are analyzed. The results show that the numerical calculation method can effectively simulate the change of cavity shape during the water entry of the revolution body. With the increase of water entry angle, the uplift of liquid level decreases in the positive direction of the open cavity and increases in the negative direction. The angle of water entry has little effect on the velocity of the revolution body. The larger the angle of water entry, the greater the peak pressure and the faster the pressure decay at the moment of water entry.
Uumarrty: Agent Based Simulation Model of Predator Prey Interactions with a Game Theoretical Framework

Evolutionary game theory boasts a rich history of application in the study of phenotypic evolution and behavioral strategies. Complementing this, agent-based modeling offers a powerful simulation framework that allows for explicit modeling and parameterization of individual agents within a virtual environment. The agent-based modelling approach empowers ecologists and evolutionary biologists to accurately model highly complex and dynamic systems. Leveraging these methodologies, we developed the agent-based model Uumarrty, which integrates concepts from game theory to investigate the evolution of behavioral phenotypes. Our model embraces essential game theoretical principles, including pay-offs, mixed versus pure strategies, and optimal behavioral strategies, seamlessly within the agent-based framework. Furthermore, we introduced a novel metric called the Nash score, which serves as an analog of the evolutionarily stable strategy within our agent-based environment. With this innovative approach, researchers gain a versatile tool to comprehensively explore optimal behavioral strategies and assess their evolutionary stability. To demonstrate the efficacy of our model, we applied it to a predator-prey system involving kangaroo rats and rattlesnakes. By examining various factors such as differing foraging gains by kangaroo rats, varying strike success of rattlesnakes by microhabitat, and the influence of introducing a second predator, we gained valuable insights into the evolution of microhabitat preferences within this predator-prey system.
Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa SMP dalam Pembelajaran Menggunakan Model Penemuan Terbimbing (Discovery Learning)

Salah satu tujuan pembelajaran matematika di SMP adalah agar siswa memiliki kemampuan memahami konsep matematika. Penerapan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dalam proses pembelajaran matematika merupakan salah satu alternatif pemilihan model yang dapat menambah kemampuan pemahaman konsep serta mendapat respon positif dari siswa. Model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing berakhir dengan proses siswa menemukan konsep materi yang dipelajari dan menyimpulkan sendiri temuannya berdasarkan kemampuan pemahamannya sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika dan respon siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika menggunakan model penemuan terbimbing ( discovery learning) . Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 17 Banjarmasin yang berjumlah 29 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, tes dan angket. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan statistika deskriptif yaitu: mean (rata-rata) dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan model penemuan terbimbing ( discovery learning ) secara keseluruhan berada pada kategori baik dan respon siswa cenderung setuju terhadap pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan model penemuan terbimbing ( discovery learning)
Looking for Trouble

This paper presents a method for mining potential troubles or obstacles related to the use of a given object. Some example instances of this relation are (medicine, side effect) and (amusement park, height restriction). Our acquisition method consists of three steps. First, we use an un-supervised method to collect training samples from Web documents. Second, a set of expressions generally referring to troubles is acquired by a supervised learning method. Finally, the acquired troubles are associated with objects so that each of the resulting pairs consists of an object and a trouble or obstacle in using that object. To show the effectiveness of our method we conducted experiments using a large collection of Japanese Web documents for acquisition. Experimental results show an 85.5% precision for the top 10,000 acquired troubles, and a 74% precision for the top 10% of over 60,000 acquired object-trouble pairs.
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai

Abstract : The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of competence variables and emotional intelligence on employee performance. The research method used is quantitative research method. The population in this study is the employee of Education and Culture Office of Kuningan Regency with the number of 97 people. Sampling technique used is a sampling technique saturated, so that all members of the population sampled as many as 97 people. Data retrieval technique using questionnaire with scale measurement instrument using a likert scale. Data analysis techniques used using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and significant influence both partially and simultaneously, between the competence variable and emotional intelligence on the performance of employees. Keyword : Competency; Emotional Intelligence; Employee Performance Abstrak. : Tujuan peneltian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel kompetensi dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja pegawai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Pegawai Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Kuningan dengan jumlah sebanyak 97 orang. Teknik penarikan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik sampling jenuh, sehingga seluruh anggota populasi dijadikan sampel yaitu sebanyak 97 orang. Teknik penarikan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala pengukuran instrumen mengunakan skala likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan menggunkan analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan baik secara parsial maupun simultan, antara variabel kompetensi dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja pegawai. Kata Kunci : Kompetensi; Kecerdasan Emosional; Kinerja Pegawai
UST Research Online UST Research Online

We hypothesize that managers use stock splits to attract more uninformed trading so that market makers can provide liquidity services at lower costs, thereby increasing investors’ trading propensity and improving liquidity. We examine a large sample of stock splits and ﬁnd that, consistent with our hypothesis, the incidence of no trading decreases and liquidity risk is lower following splits, implying a decline in latent trading costs and a reduced cost of equity capital. Further, split announcement returns are correlated with the improvements in both liquidity levels and liquidity risk. Our analysis suggests nontrivial economic beneﬁts from liquidity improvements, with less liquid ﬁrms beneﬁting more from stock splits.
FETCH-AND DURATION-LIMITED NATURE OF SURFACE WAVE GROWTH INSIDE TROPICAL CYCLONES AND MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF HURRICANE WIND SPEED USING DOMINANT WAVE PARAMETERS

Paul A. Hwang, Xiaofeng Li, Biao Zhang, and Edward J. Walsh Remote Sensing Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA GST, NOAA/NESDIS, College Park, MD, USA School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Jiangsu Research Center for Ocean Survey and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Physical Sciences Division, NOAA/ Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
Investigation of seismic activity and subsurface structure under tectonic and anthropogenic settings

of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Guoqing Lin. No. of pages in text. (106) To study interaction of tectonics and earthquakes, we need to address two fundamental questions, Earth's internal structure and the cause of triggered/inhibited seismicity. Highresolution seismic velocity models and analyses of high-precision relocated earthquake have proven to provide useful information from global to regional scale. In areas of active tectonics and/or anthropogenic activities, the stress heterogeneity could largely result from lateral and vertical variation of structure in local scale, which accounts for the non-uniform earthquake distribution. We have mainly conducted two regional studies in Puerto Rico, the plate boundary zone, and the active Coso geothermal field. By inverting for three-dimensional velocity model and relocating earthquakes, we find out the active seismicity in the southwestern island of Puerto Rico and the seismic quiescence in the north could be separated by a high velocity body underneath the Great Southern Puerto Rico Zone dipping to the north. Beneath the Coso geothermal field, our results reveal an anomalous low velocity zone corresponding to the ductile behavior at depths from 6 to 12 km. We suggest that the pervasive melts are not likely to exist in the upper crust and the identified magmatic system could be frozen, felsic, with the inclusion of water. In Coso, by thorough analyses of spatiotemporal distribution of earthquakes, we present a novel observation that the geothermal field is less susceptible to remote triggering than the surrounding areas. Combining with the observations of an abrupt drop of background seismicity with respect to the geothermal operation, the continuous net production rate, the strong subsidence for the reservoir, we imply that the absence of remote triggering could result from loss of pore pressure accompanying the long-term loss of pore fluid. This phenomenon has also be recognized in the Salton Sea geothermal field, which share similar tectonic and anthropogenic settings as the Coso geothermal field. Our results have also shown that the geothermal production process has altered the stress orientation by adding more normal-faulting components. To further understanding how the stress state and failure conditions are affected by the anthropogenic activity, it is necessary to conduct systematic case studies in different areas with presence of both natural and induced earthquake and include other studies such as independent stress measurements, hydraulic response to stress, and structure of faults and fractures.
Digitalization and entrepreneur’s gender: Evidence for Spanish SMEs in the service and retail sectors.

This study investigates the role of the entrepreneur’s gender on digitalization strategies undertaken by SMEs in the service and retail sectors. Specifically, we aim at testing how the gender of the entrepreneur may affect investment in software and equipment related to information and communication technologies (ICT). We use a sample of 1,041 Spanish businesses and estimate a bivariate probit model for these two decisions, controlling for other entrepreneurial and business characteristics. Results indicate a higher probability of male entrepreneurs to invest in software and ICT equipment, as compared to women. Furthermore, we find that entrepreneurial risk-taking and business’ innovation capabilities are important drivers for engaging in these two digitalisation strategies, regardless of the gender of the entrepreneur, and that entrepreneurial proactiveness is especially important for women entrepreneurs, since the positive impact of entrepreneurial proactiveness on the probability to engage in digitalisation strategies is stronger in women-led businesses. This study provides new empirical evidence on the role of entrepreneur’s gender in SMEs regarding their digitalisation strategies.
Descent into chaos : how the war against Islamic extremism is being lost in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia

Since 9/11, the war in Afghanistan and the invasion of Iraq, the West has been fighting a 'War on Terror', through force and through the building of new societies in the region. In this clear and devastating account, with unparalleled access and intimate knowledge of the political players, "Descent into Chaos" chronicles our failure. Having reported from central Asia for a quarter of a century, Ahmed Rashid shows clearly why the war in Iraq is just a sideshow to the main event. Rather, it is Pakistan, Afghanistan, and the five Central Asian states that make up the crisis zone, for it is here that terrorism and Islamic extremism are growing stronger. Documenting with precision how intimately linked Pakistan is with the Taliban and other extremist movements, while remaining the US' main ally in the region, Rashid brings into focus the role of many regional issues in supporting extremism, from nuclear programmes to local rivalries, ineffectual peace-keeping to tyrannical rulers. For Rashid, at the heart of the failure in Iraq is the US' refusal to accept the need to build nations. Ambitious and urgent, analyzing events, policies and personalities across the largest landmass in the world, "Descent into Chaos" chronicles with chilling accuracy why Islamic extremism is now stronger than ever.