Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formation de domaines de types "rafts" dans des vésicules unilamellaires et mécanismes physico-chimiques de l'extraction de domaines membranaires

Les membranes modeles representent un outil indispensable pour l'etude des membranes biologiques, elles ont en effet grandement contribue a leur description. Dans ce travail, nous nous sommes interesses a l'etude de la coexistence de phases liquide-ordonnee (lo) et liquide-desordonnee (ld) au sein de membranes modeles de type LUV (« Large Unilamellar Vesicle »). Nous avons cherche en premier lieu a mettre au point une methodologie permettant de detecter la formation de la phase lo et d'estimer quantitativement la fraction membranaire Φo en phase lo dans des LUVs de composition ternaire PC/SM/Chol (phosphatidylcholine / sphingomyeline / cholesterol), capable d'induire une coexistence de phase. Pour cela, les proprietes d'auto-extinction de fluorescence et de distribution selective en fonction de la phase lipidique d'une sonde fluorescente unique (C12NBD-PC) ont ete mises a profit. La deuxieme partie de notre travail a ete consacree a l'etude de la solubilisation par le detergent Triton X-100 des membranes de LUVs presentant une coexistence de phase lo/ld. Nous avons cherche a demontrer qu'il etait possible d'extraire la fraction membranaire se trouvant strictement en phase lo. Pour cela, les transitions de structure induites par l'interaction du Triton X-100 avec des LUVs a 4°C ont ete etudiees par une procedure de separation par gradient de densite. Nous avons tente d'evaluer le rapport effectif approprie detergent/lipides nous permettant d'isoler les fractions resistantes correspondant aux domaines en phase lo existant au niveau de la membrane des LUVs avant l'addition de detergent.
Generalized Bounds on the Conditional Expected Excess Return on Individual Stocks

We derive generalized bounds on conditional expected excess returns that can be computed from option prices. The generalized lower bound may serve as an expected excess return proxy for individual and basket-type assets, is conditionally tight, accounts for the entire risk-neutral distribution of returns, and outperforms existing variance-based models in out-of-sample predictions. Bounds calibrated to realized returns correspond to reasonable risk aversion and prudence. On average, expected stock returns given by the bounds decrease on even weeks of the Federal Open Market Committee cycle. Cross-sectional tests deliver a reasonable market risk premium. This paper was accepted by Haoxiang Zhu, finance.
Folding of DNA origamis

DNA based nanostructures built on a long single stranded DNA scaffold, known as DNA origamis, offer the possibility to organize various molecules at the nanometer scale in one pot experiments. The folding of the scaffold is guaranteed by the presence of short, single stranded DNA sequences (staples), which hold together separate regions of the scaffold. In this paper, we first consider simple structures made of three single-stranded oligonucleotides. Based on experimental (UV absorption) and numerical (replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations) data, we show that cooperativity is key to understand the thermodynamics of these constructions. In a second part, we derive a model of the annealing–melting properties of DNA origamis. The model captures important features such as the hysteresis between melting and annealing, as well as the dependence upon the topology of the scaffold. We also obtain temperature dependent average conformations which compare well to AFM images of quenched states of the partially folded origamis.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN ROMANIAN MEDICAL STUDENTS: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH PERSONALITY

Medical students have long been considered a population at high risk for depression and anxiety. Personality traits are important contributing factors, either increasing or decreasing the vulnerability to such emotional difficulties. We aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in Romanian medical students and we tested whether personality factors increased the risk for mental health problems among them. A sample of 315 Romanian medical students completed a series of questionnaires regarding their personality and their level of depression and anxiety. Approximately 8% of the students were identified with a severe level of depression and 9% with a severe level of anxiety. Depression and anxiety were strongly correlated. Conscientiousness negatively correlated with both depression and anxiety and neuroticism positively correlated with the two clinical symptoms. These findings highlight the need for prevention and treatment programs in medical schools, in order to effectively identify and treat at-risk medical students.
Determinants of antiretroviral therapy adherence among older adolescents living with HIV in Kenya during the transition to adult care; An observational study.

Introduction Lower levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among older adolescents as compared to adults are influenced by individual, psychosocial, and treatment-related factors. Successful transition of older adolescents into HIV adult care from paediatric & adolescent focused care requires an understanding of barriers to ART adherence. This study aimed at determining individual factors affecting ART adherence among older HIV positive adolescents transitioning to adult care. Methods Between December 2018 and January 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 82 perinatally infected adolescents aged 16-19 years in an HIV care and treatment clinic in Nairobi, Kenya. We used completed structured questionnaires and abstracted data from clinical charts. We performed multivariate logistic regression to identify factors independently associated >95% self-reported ART adherence (7-day recall). Results The study participants had a median age of 17 (IQR 16,18) on ART for a median duration of 11 years (IQR 7,13). Sixty-four per cent (52) of the adolescents reported optimal adherence was of >95%, and 15% reported missing doses for three or more months. Self -reported adherence had a high correlation with viral loads of <1000 copies ml (Kappa= 0.087). Adolescents with high self-efficacy were eight times more likely to report adherence of >95% [OR 8.1, 95% CI (2.31- 28.18)]. Once a day, dosing was also independently associated with adherence [OR 1.58, 95 %CI [0.62-4.08]. Conclusions The reduction of ART pill burden and the inclusion of assessment of ART self -efficacy may contribute to transition preparedness among adolescents.
Frugivory Specialization in Birds and Fruit Chemistry Structure Mutualistic Networks across the Neotropics

The interaction between fruit chemistry and the physiological traits of frugivores is expected to shape the structure of mutualistic seed dispersal networks, but it has been understudied compared with the role of morphological trait matching in structuring interaction patterns. For instance, highly frugivorous birds (i.e., birds that have fruits as the main component of their diets), which characteristically have fast gut passage times, are expected to avoid feeding on lipid-rich fruits because of the long gut retention times associated with lipid digestion. Here, we compiled data from 84 studies conducted in the Neotropics that used focal plant methods to record 35,815 feeding visits made by 317 bird species (155 genera in 28 families) to 165 plant species (82 genera in 48 families). We investigated the relationship between the degree of frugivory of birds (i.e., how much of their diet is composed of fruit) at the genus level and their visits to plant genera that vary in fruit lipid content. We used a hierarchical modeling of species communities approach that accounted for the effects of differences in body size, bird and plant phylogeny, and spatial location of study sites. We found that birds with a low degree of frugivory (e.g., predominantly insectivores) tend to have the highest increase in visitation rates as fruits become more lipid rich, while birds that are more frugivorous tend to increase visits at a lower rate or even decrease visitation rates as lipids increase in fruits. This balance between degree of frugivory and visitation rates to lipid-poor and lipid-rich fruits provides a mechanism to explain specialized dispersal systems and the occurrence of certain physiological nutritional filters, ultimately helping us to understand community-wide interaction patterns between birds and plants.
Z-scan determination of two-photon absorption in Ag nano-fluid prepared using y-radiation methods.

In this work the two-photon absorption (TPA) coefficients of Ag nano-fluid was measured using Z-scan technique. The Ag nano-fluid sample was prepared at 4.71×10-3 M concentrations and was radiated at different doses of γ-radiation. The conventional single beam Z-scan method with open aperture technique was used to measure the nonlinear absorption coefficient. A CW laser operated at 532 nm wavelength with output power of 40 mW was employed as the excitation source. The nonlinear absorption coefficient obtained was 5.8×10-3, 4.5×10-3 and 3.2×10-3 cm/W. The TPA processes was confirmed by optical limiting experimental data for the same laser beam excitation. The results show that the particle size gives a significant effect to the TPA coefficient.
Comparative analysis of fetomaternal outcome in antenatal women infected with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis

About one fourth of world’s population is estimated to be infected with tuberculosis. Active tuberculosis is a multiorgan disease caused by primary infection or as a reactivation of latent tuberculosis. Active tuberculosis might be primary tuberculosis or reactivation tuberculosis. Primary tuberculosis occurs when the immune system is unable to defend against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium (MTB) infection. On average 5-10 % of those infected will develop tuberculosis disease over the course of time. Pregnancy is immunocompromised state so chances of getting disease are substantially high during this period. Globally it is estimated that 216500 pregnant women have active tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is one of the leading cause of death in women of reproductive age group (15-45 years). Indirect maternal death now account for 28% of total ABSTRACT
Bio-removal Efficiency of Glyphosate by Using Indigenous Laccase Producing Fungi

This study was aimed to determine the degradation potential of indigenous fungi isolated from glyphosate contaminated soil. A total number of 10 fungal strains have been isolated and screened their tolerance level against various concentrations of glyphosate (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm). These strains were also screened for laccase activity. Only two strains 5p and 6m showed laccase activity and they are characterized, identified and selected for myco-remediation experiment. Due to its macro- and microscopic morphology of mycelia and the molecular similarity, the isolate 5p was identified as Trichoderma harzianum and the isolate 6m as Aspergillus Aiger. 1000ppm of Glyphosate disappeared rapidly in mineral salt liquid media by T.harzianum 78.1% and A.niger 87.3%. Glyphosate almost disappeared by T. harzianum 67.1 % and A. niger 67.2% in the water medium. Based on present findings, these fungal strains can be recommended as potentially effective to protect the environment from the herbicide residues.
Peran Auditor Internal dalam Pendeteksian dan Pencegahan Fraud Pada Bank Syariah di Kota Bandung

Bareskrim Polri has named two BJB Syariah Bank officials in Bandung City as suspects in a fictitious credit case worth Rp 548 billion. This is one of the big cases that has tarnished Islamic banking, especially in the city of Bandung. The purpose of this research is to conduct a deeper study of the role of internal auditors in detection and prevention of fraud at Islamic Banks in Bandung City. The research method used is descriptive analysis and verification with the type of survey. The independent variable used is the role of the internal auditor. Meanwhile, fraud detection and prevention is used as the dependent variable. The population of this research is all Islamic Banks in Bandung City. The sampling technique used random sampling in order to obtain a sample of 60 Islamic Bank employees in the city of Bandung. The data analysis used was correlation coefficient analysis, determination and hypothesis testing. The role of the Internal Auditor affects Fraud Detection by 26.72%. Meanwhile, the role of the Internal Auditor has an effect on Fraud Prevention by 43.16%.
Genetic diversity, population structure and ancestral origin of KwaZulu-Natal native chicken ecotypes using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers

Abstract South African native chicken breeds are no exception to the declining of local domestic breeds that has long been recognised and found associated with the commercialisation of breeding in domestic animals. The aims of the study were: (i) to provide a comprehensive view of genetic variation in four KwaZulu-Natal indigenous chicken populations (Jozini, Newcastle, Pietermaritzburg, and Port Shepstone), and (ii) to estimate the extent of differentiation of the village populations from three conserved South African indigenous pure breeds (Potchefstroom koekoek, Ovambo, and Venda) by genotyping individuals at 19 autosomal microsatellite loci. Finally, (iii) new information to the history of KwaZulu-Natal indigenous chicken populations was made available by exploring their phylogenetic relationship and their possible maternal origin through the mitochondrial DNA. The results suggested noticeable genetic diversity within and between ecotypes with clear sub-structuring between them. The indigenous populations had high genetic diversity (observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.61 in Pietermaritzburg to 0.70 in Jozini) while conserved populations showed considerable within population inbreeding coefficient (from 0.01 in Potchefstroom koekoek to 0.18 in Ovambo). Median-joining network analyses indicated the dominance of haplogroup E suggesting a likely Southeast Asia and/or Indian subcontinent origin. The presence of haplogroup B and C not only emphasises multiple maternal origin but also highlights genetic introgression of local chickens with commercial genotypes. These results highlighted the importance of local breeds as a genetic reservoir; moreover, the conservation of local breeds may play an important role in the local economy as a source of high-quality products for consumers. Highlights The genetic variation and differentiation of KwaZulu-Natal indigenous chicken populations and pure South African chicken breeds is investigated. The village populations showed a noticeable genetic variability with clear sub-structuring between them. The results can be used to improve a sustainable breeding and conservation programs to control possible genetic dilution with commercial genotypes.
Triterpene Saponins from Nigella sativa L.

Three known triterpene glycosides were isolated from the MeOH extract of dried and powdered seeds of Nigella sativa. The structures of the compounds were established as 3-O-[b-D-xylopyranosyl- (1 \to 3)-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 \to 2)-a -L-arabinopyranosyl]- 28-O-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 \to 4)-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 \to 6)- b-D-glucopyranosyl]-hederagenin (1), 3-O-[a -L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1 \to 2)-a-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-[a -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 \to 4)- b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1\to 6)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-hederagenin (2), and 3-O-[b-D-xylopyranosyl- (1\to 3)-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1\to 2)-a- L-arabinopyranosyl]-hederagenin (3) by means of chemical and spectral methods. Compound 2 was isolated for the first time from the genus Nigella.
“It’s none of your business”: Adolescents’ reasons for keeping secrets about their engagement in problem behaviors

Although parental knowledge of youth behavior is associated with less adolescent engagement in problem behaviors, many adolescents keep their engagement in various activities secret from their parents. However, less research has examined why youth keep secrets about their engagement in problematic activities. The current study examined adolescents’ reasons for keeping secrets from their parents regarding their engagement in problematic and multifaceted behaviors (alcohol use, risky cyber behaviors, problematic peer associations, and romantic behaviors), as well as the role of parental rules and youth age and gender on adolescents’ secrecy reasons. Participants were 161 parent-adolescent dyads (Adolescent Mage = 14.42, SD = 1.73, range = 12–18, 82% white, 60% female). The current study utilized a sample of adolescents who reported both engaging in the specific behavior and reported keeping secrets from their parents regarding their engagement in the behavior. Results demonstrate that adolescents’ reasons for secrecy differed across various forms of problematic and multifaceted behaviors. Additionally, both individual characteristics (adolescent gender and age) and parental rules (parent and teen report) were associated with adolescents’ secrecy reasoning. However, the pattern of these associations varied depending on the type of behaviors adolescents were keeping secret from their parents.
Understanding Online Consumer Behavior and eWOM Strategies for Sustainable Business Management in the Tourism Industry

Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) has been widely used by most consumers on different digital platforms. This review aimed to obtain further insights into online consumer behavior through social networking sites and online reviews sites to help tourism businesses develop sustainable eWOM strategies. To this end, an exploratory study was developed to analyze available literature on eWOM strategies and online consumer behavior. The systematic literature review analysis focused on the following two main topics: (i) tourism and (ii) eWOM. The scientific database, Web of Science, was used to collect relevant literature on the subject. The search terms “Tourism” and “eWOM” were used. Searching the database, Web of Science, yielded a total of 124 articles; upon application of different filters, a total of 14 studies were included in the final dataset. The results of the present study provide new insights into consumer behavior for social sciences and businesses for the adoption of sustainable strategies to increase the influence of eWOM on the tourism industry.
Neighbourhood Characteristics and Residential Satisfaction: A Study of Greater Mumbai City

This study assesses the level of residential satisfaction and its major determinants in different housing typologies of Greater Mumbai City using primary data collected from 450 households in five different housing typologies (i.e., high-rise buildings, old colonies, chawls, slums and slum-rehabilitated buildings). For analysis of data, Bi-virate tables, One-way ANOVA test, Pearson correlation and OLS regression were done. Results indicate that despite being proximate to one another, the housing typologies have different levels of satisfaction with their dwellings. Slum and chawl neighbourhood shows low residential satisfaction compared with other housing types. The OLS regression exhibits that duration of residence, family type, household ownership and household congestion are significant determining factors for residential satisfaction. Housing development should direct the designing of houses to culturally fit for the community people living in them. The study recommends finding out more ways to make dwelling places, especially slums, Slum rehabilitated houses and chawls more satisfying for sustainable development.
Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Freshwater Blenny Salaria fluviatilis (Asso, 1801) in Asi River (Hatay, Turkey)

In this study, a total of 109 specimens (57 female and 52 male) of Salaria fluviatilis were captured by tulle net and scooped net between October 2017 and March 2018 from the Asi River system, Turkey. The length-weight relationship was W =0.0013L 3.054 (r²= 0.967) for both sexes with isometric growth. The values of the exponent b of the length-weight relationships (LWRs) were 3.055 for females and 3.052 for males. The b values for females, males, and both sexes were not significantly different from 3.0 (P>0.05). Fulton condition factor (CF) was calculated 1.3955±0.034 for females, 1.4495±0.042 for males and 1.4212±0.027, for both sexes. Estimations of LWRs and CF for both sexes of S. fluviatilis , captured from Asi River, were provided for the first time. Asi River (Hatay, Turkey). Marine Science and Technology Bulletin , 10(1): 54-61.
Evaluation of Nordmann–Dortet–Poirel Test as a Rapid and Direct Method of Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Urinary Tract Infections

Background & Objective(s): Antimicrobial resistance due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production is a major public health issue. Its rapid detection is critical for early appropriate antibiotic use to prevent treatment failure, especially in cases of septicemia requiring appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy within the first few hours, thereby decreasing the mortality rate. Rapid detection is also important to spare the use of carbapenems, which, if used as a first-line drug in antibiotic policies, may lead to the emergence and spread of carbapenemases. We evaluated the Nordmann–Dortet–Poirel (NDP) test as a rapid method to detect ESBL producers directly from urine samples from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infections (SUTIs). Furthermore, we determined the clinical and economic outcomes of using NDP test results to guide
Islamic labeled firms: Revisiting Dow Jones measure of compliance

Billions of dollars, across 131 countries, are invested in Islamic law-compliant funds that are often promoted as consistent with the spirit and overall objectives of Islam (Maqasid Al-Sharia), thereby indicating they are more socially responsible, less risky, and less prone to failure. The empirical results of this study indicate that Shariah-compliant firms identified by the Dow Jones do not have higher corporate social responsibility (CSR) scores, lower risk, or lower likelihood of failure than noncompliant firms. We address endogeneity using the instrumental variable (IV) approach and selection bias using propensity score matching. Our results are similar when using the Dow Jones Islamic Market World, the Financial Times Stock Exchange Islamic Index, and the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation indices and when using CSR scores provided by multiple databases. We create an index to measure compliance with Islamic law that overcomes several flaws in the binary measures currently employed in the industry. This index can help Shariah-compliant funds to fulfill their promise by constructing portfolios that are both compliant with Islamic rulings and consistent with the spirit and objectives of Islam in being more socially responsible, less risky, and less prone to failure.