Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The implication of multicultural education on students' learning approaches in biosciences and pharmacy courses

PurposeThe globalisation of higher education has created new challenges for educators to remain dynamic in teaching science undergraduates with diverse cultural backgrounds. The current study explores this challenge by evaluating the different personal factors among biosciences and pharmacy undergraduates that affect their learning approaches as well as to identify course-specific teaching approaches in order to determine their impacts on students' learning.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey design based on study process questionnaire (SPQ), and approaches and study skills inventory for students (ASSIST) was utilised to collect quantitative data from 129 biosciences and pharmacy undergraduates.FindingsBiosciences undergraduates adopted deep and achieving learning approaches as they progressed through the curriculum, whilst surface learners dominated the pharmacy course. Ethnicity was shown to affect the learning approaches among the undergraduates. Although male undergraduates from both courses were more competitive than the female, elder female undergraduates tend to adopt deep learning approach. Pre-university qualifications did not significantly influence the undergraduate's learning approach. The contrasting finding on the preferred teaching approaches between biosciences and pharmacy undergraduates has highlighted the importance of providing tailored teaching and learning strategies to cater different students' learning needs.Originality/valueThis study has demonstrated the combinational use of SPQ and ASSIST instruments to compare undergraduate's learning approaches with preferred teaching approaches. The current finding could support the development of teaching and learning practice among the biosciences and pharmacy undergraduates with multicultural background.
SE4ExSum: An Integrated Semantic-aware Neural Approach with Graph Convolutional Network for Extractive Text Summarization

Recently, advanced techniques in deep learning such as recurrent neural network (GRU, LSTM and Bi-LSTM) and auto-encoding (attention-based transformer and BERT) have achieved great successes in multiple application domains including text summarization. Recent state-of-the-art encoding-based text summarization models such as BertSum, PreSum and DiscoBert have demonstrated significant improvements on extractive text summarization tasks. However, recent models still encounter common problems related to the language-specific dependency which requires the supports of the external NLP tools. Besides that, recent advanced text representation methods, such as BERT as the sentence-level textual encoder, also fail to fully capture the representation of a full-length document. To address these challenges, in this paper we proposed a novel semantic-ware embedding approach for extractive text summarization, called as: SE4ExSum. Our proposed SE4ExSum is an integration between the use of feature graph-of-words (FGOW) with BERT-based encoder for effectively learning the word/sentence-level representations of a given document. Then, the graph convolutional network (GCN) based encoder is applied to learn the global document's representation which is then used to facilitate the text summarization task. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets show the effectiveness of our proposed model in comparing with recent state-of-the-art text summarization models.
A solution-state NMR approach to elucidating pMDI-wood bonding mechanisms in loblolly pine

ion but also attack lignin via electrophilic addition to its aromatic rings (Goodell et al., 1997; Hammel et al., 2002; Suzuki et al., 2006). As one consequence of the latter reaction is aryl methyl ether cleavage (Gierer et al., 1992), which would explain why brown-rotted lignin is 132 depleted in methoxyls, there is no obvious reason why the arylglycerol-aryl ether linkages that interconnect the majority of lignin subunits would not be analogously cleaved (Fig. 1; Tatsumi and Terashima, 1985). Second, it appears that brown rot fungi do not depend solely on •OH to degrade wood polysaccharides, but rather augment this system with hydrolytic enzymes (Cohen et al., 2005). If this is the case, it is unclear how the enzymes could operate without some prior ligninolysis to increase wood porosity. To address this problem, we have adopted a new technique for lignocellulose solubilization that permits, for the first time, a closer look at brownrotted lignin via 2D solution-state NMR spectroscopy. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES Reagents and fungal cultures DMSO (99%), NMI (%), hydroiodic acid (57%), phenol (recrystallized), bromine (99%), sodium thiosulfate (0.1N), acetyl bromide (99%), dioxane (99%), acetic acid, and zinc dust were supplied by Aldrich Chemical (Milwaukee, WI). Acetic anhydride (99%) was supplied by Mallinckrodt Baker. Gloeophyllum trabeum (ATCC 11539) was grown as described earlier on wafers of spruce wood (Picea glauca, 3 10 30 mm, each approximately 300 mg dry weight) that had been cut with the large face perpendicular to the grain (Suzuki et al., 2006).
Tropical Cyclone Formation within Strong Northeasterly Environments in the South China Sea

In the South China Sea (SCS), 17% of tropical cyclones (TCs) formed in the late season (November−January) were associated with a strong northeasterly monsoon. This study explores the effects of northeasterly strength on TC formation over the SCS. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to simulate the disturbances that develop into TCs (formation cases) and those that do not (non-formation cases). Two formation (29W on 18 November 2001 and Vamei on 26 December 2001) and two non-formation (30 December 2002 and 9 January 2003) cases are simulated. To address the importance of upstream low-level northeasterly strength to TC formation, two types of sensitivity experiments are performed: formation cases with increased northeasterly flow and non-formation cases with decreased northeasterly flow. If the strength of the northeasterly is increased for the formation case, the stronger cold advection reduces the convective instability around the disturbance center, leading to the weakening of the simulated disturbance. If the strength of the northeasterly is decreased for the non-formation case, the simulated disturbance can develop further into a TC. In summary, strength of the upstream low-level northeasterly flow does affect the environmental conditions around the disturbance center, resulting in the change of TC formation probability over the SCS in the late season.
Sardines at a junction: Seascape genomics reveals ecological and oceanographic drivers of variation in the NW Mediterranean Sea

By evaluating genetic variation across the entire genome, one can address existing questions in a novel way while raising new ones. The latter includes how different local environments influence adaptive and neutral genomic variation within and among populations, providing insights into local adaptation of natural populations and their responses to global change. Here, under a seascape genomic approach, ddRAD data of 4609 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 398 sardines (Sardina pilchardus) collected in 11 Mediterranean and one Atlantic site were generated. These were used along with oceanographic and ecological information to detect signals of adaptive divergence with gene flow across environmental gradients. The studied sardines constitute two clusters (FST = 0.07), a pattern attributed to outlier loci, highlighting putative local adaptation. The trend in the number of days with sea surface temperature above 19°C, a critical threshold for successful sardine spawning, was crucial at all levels of population structuring with implications on the species' key biological processes. Outliers link candidate SNPs to the region's environmental heterogeneity. Our findings provide evidence for a dynamic equilibrium in which population structure is maintained by physical and ecological factors under the opposing influences of migration and selection. This dynamic in a natural system warrants continuous monitoring under a seascape genomic approach that might benefit from a temporal and more detailed spatial dimension. Our results may contribute to complementary studies aimed at providing deeper insights into the mechanistic processes underlying population structuring. Those are key to understanding and predicting future changes and responses of this highly exploited species in the face of climate change.
Performance Measurement and Evaluation Framework of Public Microtransit Service

This research project developed an evaluation framework and service standards for microtransit service at a metropolitan transportation authority. Microtransit provides an elevated level of service from traditional demand response, enabling more spontaneous travel and better connectivity to the fixed-route system, meaning microtransit service performance standards fit in between traditional demand response and fixed route. Microtransit neighborhood zones also serve distinct purposes depending on the operational and financial characteristics of a given zone. The purpose of this evaluation framework project was to determine the optimal performance measurement process for microtransit service. The research team developed the evaluation framework through gathering information from agency staff on current goals and objectives for microtransit, conducting an industry scan, and determining measurable metrics from available data sources. The project developed a typology of microtransit service zones, then created the evaluation framework using the performance measures applicable to agency goals. The research team conducted a final test of the framework at the six-month period of service to refine the measures as needed. Minimum standards and optimal goals were set for each performance measure based on system performance and agency goals for innovative service. The framework uses service standards and goals that are applicable to given types of neighborhood zones and distinct from baseline standards for fixed-route or other demand-responsive service. The evaluation framework can be integrated into transit agency service standards to measure the success of microtransit neighborhood zones and planning future service.
P105 Perceptions and practices of Covid-19 protective behaviors among the general public of North India: findings of a qualitative study post-lockdown

Background India has a high COVID-19 burden. The Indian government responded to the pandemic by mandating its population to adhere to certain Protective Measures (PMs). Compliance to these PMs depends on the acceptability and adaptability of the general public to these PMs. However, there is a dearth of studies on this issue. Our study aimed to explore the perceptions and practices of COVID-19 related PMs among the general public in four districts of North India. Methods The qualitative study was done in four administrative districts (Lucknow, Etawah, Patna and Darbhanga) in North India. All study districts had COVID-19 confirmed active cases at the time of data-collection. Participants in this study were healthy caregivers of under-five children, admitted for pneumonia, in a tertiary care hospital as part of ongoing study. Inclusion criteria was (i) child hospitalized in tertiary care hospital for pneumonia but presently discharged (ii) availability of telephone/mobile with caregiver and (iii) consent to participate. Audio in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted. Respondents were purposefully selected to represent both genders and two education groups (i) Below Primary Education Group ( 5 years education). This ensured variability and heterogeneity in the population being studied. Data was managed using Atlast Ti. Conventional content analysis was used. Results From July-Sep 2020, 60 IDIs were conducted; 36.6% (22/60) respondents were females and 26.6% (16/60) had below-primary education. Respondents concurred that most people in their society flouted the recommended PMs. The reasons for poor/non-compliance with PMs were: perceived poor susceptibility to illness, perceived less severity of COVID-19 and low perceived benefits of complying with PMs. Perceived severity of disease played a key role in shaping attitude and practices related to adherence of PMs. Most people believed that COVID-19 often had less severe outcome and is thus less fatal. The lack of direct experience with the disease also attenuated this belief and made them under-estimate the risk due to it. Social stigma associated with the disease caused many to hide the contagion and spread it rapidly. Respondents shared that many people in society ‘hide’ the disease due to fear of discrimination that was common for COVID-19 positive patients. In addition, respondents opined that COVID-19 is less prevalent in rural areas and among the less educated population. Most respondents were aware of the recommended PMs and opined that these must be followed, however subjective norms, social norms and behavioural intentions negatively impacted compliance. Conclusion Since there was poor community perception of susceptibility to COVID-19 as well as poor perceived severity, the community did not understand the benefits of applying to PMs. Therefore, future health communication strategies must take these into account to increase the possibility of success.
Language comprehension may depend on who you are: how personality traits and social presence seemingly modulate syntactic processing

ABSTRACT Although it has been scarcely investigated, personality might help shape language comprehension during social interaction. The aim is to investigate how differences in personality might affect morphosyntactic processing and whether it may be affected by social presence. In a correctness judgement task, participants read sentences that were correct or contained a morphosyntactic error, either while alone or in the mere presence of a confederate. Participants’ NEO-FFI personality inventory scores were used to analyse behavioural, and event related potential data. Neuroticism and Extraversion interacted with error rate and reaction time, while Conscientiousness only interacted with reaction time. A weak N400-like component to morphosyntactic anomalies was triggered for introverts in the social presence condition, compared to a LAN in the alone one, while a LAN was triggered in both conditions for extraverts. Whereas higher Conscientiousness was related to a stronger LAN and a weaker P600 component, lower Conscientiousness reflected the opposite pattern.
Recent Perspectives and Upcoming Directions in Molecular Diagnosis of Malaria: A Systematic Review

Background: Malaria remains a global leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The absence of effectivevaccines is still the vital hindrance to the management and elimination of malaria. From that standpoint,accurate laboratory diagnosis could be the right hand for disease management. Objective: This reviewintended to assess the recent perspectives and upcoming directions in molecular diagnosis of malaria.Methods: This review was conducted by using internet searching tools where 35 published papers wereretrieved from the credible online publishers and among them, 27 papers that satisfy the inclusion criteriawere profoundly reviewed.Results: Among the 27 articles, 22(81.48 %) papers focus on contribution of PCR based-method in malariadiagnosis, 4(14.8%) report on comparison between polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and other moleculartechniques, 7(30%) emphasize on advantages and disadvantages of PCR, 4(14.8%) represent relationshipamong PCR and LAMP, 3(11%) discuss the most promising molecular diagnostic tools, 5(18%) focus oncomparative designs of different PCR methods, whereas 1(3.7%) emphasizes on parasite density and 2(7%)on pigment containing monocyte.Conclusion: This review conclude that microscopy remains the gold standard method for malaria diagnosisand speciation in limited resource settings but also molecular based-methods provide significant alternativeswith superior sensitivity and specificity.
An Analysis of Surface Ocean Currents from HF Radar Measurements in the Bali Strait and the Flores Sea, Indonesia

Analyze Surface Ocean Currents (SOCs) with one year of HF Radar data (2018-2019) for each season to determine the characteristics of the SOC direction and speed of the crossing route and its control factors carried out in the Bali Strait and the Flores Sea. Method of data analysis by computing the SOC speed and direction of the zonal and meridional components. The results showed that the SOC pattern in the Bali Strait affects the season where its speed in the DJF season is lower than the JJA season. Moreover, the SOC direction in the Bali Strait is dominant towards the south due to the influence of bathymetry. Meanwhile, the SOC pattern in the Flores Sea has a random pattern every season for the influence of topography in the form of small islands that influence the SOC dominant pattern. Furthermore, the SOC characteristics on the Bali Strait crossing route throughout the month are divided into two patterns: random on the eastern side of East Java Island and dominant towards the south on the west side of Bali Island with a maximum speed of 83 cm/s. Meanwhile, the crossing route in the Flores Sea is random, with a maximum speed of 32 cm/s. Whereas, based on the normal cross-correlation method, the SOC control factors in the Bali Strait tend to be influenced by tides, while the factors in the Flores Sea are less influential based on the distribution of zonal and meridional currents of HF Radar.
PEMBUATAN ARANG CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN PROSES TOREFAKSI. (Preparation of Palm Kernel Shell Charcoal Using Torrefaction Method)

Palm kernel shells are biomass resulted from photosynthesis of chlorophyls, working as solar cells that absorb sunlight energy, then converting carbon dioxide with water into a material containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The material is in solid form and can be converted into coconut shell charcoal. In the implementation of this research, coconut shell charcoal is made by coconut shell torrefaction process. From the process of coconut shell torrefaction, the average auction yield is 38.20% (the last temperature of the torrefaction process is 3480C, when the oil palm shells no longer smoke and the residence time is 105 minutes). Observation on the temperature and the residence time of coconut shell restriction on the smoke condition of the resulted palm oil charcoal shaping that occurs, as an indicator, it is known that the palm oil charcoal shaping process follows the typical graph of biomass stages with torrefaction process shown in Figure 1 as followed: heating stage, drying stage, post-drying stage, torrefaction stage and cooling stage. K eywords : palm kernel shells, torrefaction, palm kernel shells charcoal ABSTRA K . Cangkang kelapa sawit merupakan biomassa yang terbentuk dari hasil fotosintetis butir-butir hijau daun, bekerja sebagai sel surya yang menyerap energi sinar matahari, kemudian mengkonversi karbon dioksida dengan air menjadi suatu material yang mengandung karbon, hidrogen dan oksigen. Material tersebut dalam bentuk padatan dan apabila dikonversi dapat menjadi arang cangkang kelapa sawit. Pada pelaksanaan penelitian ini, arang cangkang kelapa sawit dibuat dengan proses torefaksi cangkang kelapa sawit. Dari proses torefaksi cangkang kelapa sawit diperoleh rendemen pengarangan rata-rat a adalah 38,20% (suhu terakhir proses torefaksi adalah 348 0 C , pada saat cangkang k ela p a sawit tidak lagi mengeluarkan asap dan waktu tinggal pengarangan adalah 105 menit). Dari hasil pengamatan temperatur dan waktu tinggal pengarangan cangkang kelapa sawit terhadap kondisi asap proses pengarangan cangkang sawit yang terjadi, sebagai indikator, diketahui bahwa proses pembentukan arang cangkang kelapa sawit mengikuti Grafik Tipikal Tahapan Pengarangan Biomassa Dengan Proses Torefaksi yang tertera pada Gambar 1, yaitu tahapan heating, tahapan drying, tahapan post drying, tahapan torrefaction dan tahapan cooling. Ka t a kunci : cangkang kelapa sawit, torefaksi, arang cangkang kelapa sawit,
High Prevalence of Rectal Chlamydia trachomatis Infection With the Same Genotype as Urogenital Infection in Female Outpatients in Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics in China

Abstract Background Little is known about rectal Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection in outpatients attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in China. In this study, we aimed to explore the clinical and epidemiologic features of rectal CT infection in this population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending STD clinics in Tianjin and Guangxi provinces of China from June 2018 to August 2020. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were developed to explore the association of different risk factors for urogenital and rectal CT infection. Results The prevalence of urogenital and rectal CT was 11.2% (154/1374) and 4.9% (68/1377), respectively. The rectal CT prevalence among female and male patients was 7.8% (60/767) and 1.3% (8/610), respectively. The most common genotype in urogenital CT–positive samples was genotype E (29.9%), while the most common genotype among rectal CT–positive samples was genotype J (23.4%). More than 85% (52/60) of women infected with rectal CT were co-infected with urogenital CT. About 90.0% (36/40) of women shared similar genotypes between rectal and urogenital samples. Females and patients infected with urogenital CT were deemed to be at an increased risk for rectal CT infection. A high proportion of rectal CT infection had concurrent urogenital CT infection, especially in women, and most of the co-infections were shared among the same genotypes. Conclusions It would be prudent to encourage awareness and introduce detection tests and treatment strategies for rectal CT infection particularly in female patients visiting STD clinics in China.
Sub-chronic Toxic Effects of Tartrazine on The Heart and Brain of Adult Male Albino Rats and The Protective Effect of Vitamin E

Background: Tartrazine is the most widely employed dye in food stuffs, medicines as well as cosmetics. Objective: This study aimed to assess oral sub-chronic toxicity of tartrazine on the body weight, heart and brain of adult male albino rats using biochemical and histological studies and to evaluate the potential protection function of