Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collaboration Among NGOs in Central Minnesota

Collaboration is one strategy that organizations can use to confront various challenges and innovate their programming and services. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in particular face many obstacles, including the need to meet a variety of demands with a limited number of resources. Although these organizations are increasingly turning towards collaboration to resolve these issues, it is still unclear what exactly motivates NGOs to work together. In this project, I use semi-structured interviews and a survey to investigate why NGOs collaborate in Central Minnesota. Based on a network and qualitative analysis, I identify the most important factors discussed by NGO leaders. Based on the results, trust and resource complementarity appear to play an important role in explaining collaboration in these cases.
Coca-Cola Refreshments Class 8 Diesel Electric Hybrid Tractor Evaluation: 13-Month Final Report

This 13-month evaluation used five Kenworth T370 hybrid tractors and five Freightliner M2106 standard diesel tractors at a Coca Cola Refreshments facility in Miami, Florida. The primary objective was to evaluate the fuel economy, emissions, and operational field performance of hybrid electric vehicles when compared to similar-use conventional diesel vehicles. A random dispatch system ensures the vehicles are used in a similar manner. GPS logging, fueling, and maintenance records and laboratory dynamometer testing are used to evaluate the performance of these hybrid tractors. Both groups drive similar duty cycles with similar kinetic intensity (0.95 vs. 0.69), average speed (20.6 vs. 24.3 mph), and stops per mile (1.9 vs. 1.5). The study demonstrated the hybrid group had a 13.7% fuel economy improvement over the diesel group. Laboratory fuel economy and field fuel economy study showed similar trends along the range of KI and stops per mile. Hybrid maintenance costs were 51% lower per mile; hybrid fuel costs per mile were 12% less than for the diesels; and hybrid vehicle total cost of operation per mile was 24% less than the cost of operation for the diesel group.
Effects of explant position and orientation, medium ph and nitrogen sources on micropropagation of blackberry

Composition of the medium and the explant origin are factors that interfere on success of micropropagation of Rubus species. For blackberry cultivar LochNess it was not investigated yet how the position and orientation of explant, pH levels and nitrogen source interfere on micropropagation. In this work, focused on the establishment of in vitro culture, variables were studied on R. fruticosus cv Loch Ness, such as the choice of the explants depending on their original position on the mother plant, pH level and nitrogen sources of the culture medium. For the first time in vitro on Rubus, the downward orientation (capogatto) of shoot tips explants was compared with the normal upward orientation. The highest weight and length values were recorded for the shoots proliferated from basal and nodal explants. For the initiation medium, the best multiplication rate were obtained in pH adjusted to 4.5. Shoot length was influenced by the nitrogen source; when associated with an increased light intensity, the complete substitution of ammonium by nitrate allowed results comparable with those obtained with the control medium containing both sources. The use of aminoacids did not improve the results. Apex orientation did not affect anatomical parameters or rooting rates of wild Rubus, but more efforts should be devoted on in vitro capogatto technique considering that advantages like reduction of plant growth regulators, cultivation on the same medium culture for more time and easily rooting can be established.
“Obesity in the City” – Urbanization and rising obesity rates from the viewpoint of human biology and public health

In 2007, for the first time worldwide, more people lived in urban conurbations than in rural settlement structures. This advancing urbanization has dramatically altered the living situation, the use of space, as well as human behavior along with the health situation and disease burden. This process began in Europe as early as the 19th century, while developing and emerging countries in particular are currently experiencing an increase in urbanization. The burden of disease is clearly altered by living in a confined space, by environmental pollution in urban areas, the impossibility of producing food oneself, and being lost in an anonymous crowd. Obesogenic environments represent a special problem in urban areas. A lack of physical activity, adverse dietary habits, and stressful and unsafe neighborhoods increase the risk of becoming overweight and obese in urban centers. Recently, modernization in rural areas and an adaptation to urban habits there increase the obesity rates in rural areas in high-income aswell as lowandmiddle-income countries, too.Within cities, marked spatial differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity occur. In Vienna, Austria, overweight and obesity rates during childhood and adolescence differ markedly between the individual Viennese districts. Highest overweight and obesity rates occur in districts characterized by a low socio-economic status.
Determinants of Income Diversification Strategies among Agricultural Households in the Philippines using National Survey Data

Household income diversification is a critical pathway to improve the living standard of agricultural households. It is the process by which households actively seek to increase the number of income-generating activities. This study sought to describe the prevalence and patterns of income diversification among agricultural households and to identify the factors related to the degree of income diversification. The study applied a quantitative research design using a cross-sectional survey from the Philippine Statistics Authority. The fractional response regression model was used to determine the factors affecting income diversification. Results revealed that most of the household samples have two income sources. Most come from agricultural labor, crop farming, and gardening. Factors related to income diversification are sex, age, education, family size, being married, agricultural income, access to credit, cash support, access to electricity and water, access to information and communication, and vehicle ownership.
Multi-objective micro-grid planning by NSGA-II in primary distribution system

The paper proposes a two-stage multi-objective micro-grid (MG) planning in a primary distribution system. In the first stage, the optimal region for micro-grid is identified by the loss sensitivity factor. In the second stage, a Pareto-based non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is proposed to determine locations and sizes of a specified number of distributed generator units (DGs) within MG. A fuzzy decision making analysis is used to obtain the final trade off optimal solution. The proposed methodology is tested on 33-bus radial and 69-bus closed-loop distribution systems. Test results indicate that NSGA-II is a viable planning tool for practical MG system and useful contribution of MG in improving distribution system performance. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Penetration of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Deep Carious Lesions of Human Permanent Teeth: An In Vitro Study

Background When silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is used in conjunction with conservative caries removal in deep carious lesions, the distribution depth of silver is critical for safety and effectiveness. Objective The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of selected caries removal on silver penetration when 38% SDF is applied to deep carious lesions in permanent teeth. Methods Extracted permanent teeth with caries extending to the inner third of the dentin were used (N = 18). The periphery of the carious lesion was completely removed to the dentinoenamel junction (DEJ). In group A (n = 9), no further removal of carious tissue was performed, leaving necrotic dentin inner to the DEJ, whereas in group B (n = 9) superficial necrotic dentin was completely removed until leathery, slightly moist, reasonably soft dentin remained. SDF was applied for 3 minutes in both groups. Microcomputer tomography (micro-CT) and field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS) were used to measure mineral density and silver distribution. The silver penetration depth/lesion depth (PD/LD) ratio was calculated for each sample. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare differences between the two groups. Results The micro-CT analysis showed that the PD/LD ratios of group B (1.07–2.29) were marginally greater than those of group A (1.00–1.31). However, a statistically significant difference was not observed (pvalue = 0.5078). When stratified by remaining dentin thickness (RDT), the PD/LD ratios of group B were still greater than those of group A only when RDT was >500 µm. The FESEM-EDS analysis indicated that silver particles precipitated throughout the entire thickness of the carious lesions. Conclusion Applying SDF on a deep carious lesion and leaving the necrotic dentin pulpally did not affect silver penetration. However, the extent to which silver penetrates the remaining dentin beneath the lesions is dependent on the amount and characteristics of that dentin.
Anopheline species (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Maracá Ecological Station, Roraima State, Brazil

Anopheline species were sampled in different ecotones at Maracá Ecological Station and in Cantá municipality, both in Roraima State, Brazil, in June 2016. Nine species were recorded. Six species belong to the subgenus Nyssorhynchus and three species to the subgenus Anopheles. The most abundant species collected were Anopheles triannulatus s.l. , Anopheles nuneztovari s.l. and Anopheles oswaldoi species B. The remaining species had frequencies lower than 10%. While A. triannulatus s.l. was the most frequent and the most widely distributed species in the studied area, Anopheles darlingi Root, the main malaria vector in the Brazilian Amazon region, was captured in two different ecotones and in low frequency. Our findings suggest that the risk of malaria outbreaks at Maracá Ecological Station may be low. This study also describes the first record of Anopheles costai Fonseca & Ramos in Maracá Ecological Station, Roraima State, increasing the distribution range of this taxon.
Novel boriding technique of low-carbon steel weldments

Boriding is considered one of the essential surface treatments for carbon steels during the last decades. The conventional methods of boriding are subjected to many limitations due to the sophisticated setup and the time-consuming treatment. Therefore, less complex methods and less time consumption are the main research objectives past couple of years. This research suggests an enhanced boriding surface treatment technique for low carbon steel. The advantages of the proposed method include the reduction of boriding process time through the development of new boron rich compounds which consequently eliminates the need of specially designed furnaces. The illustrated outputs reveal promising results without sacrificing the physical properties. The proposed technique was carried out experimentally. Depth of penetration and microhardness were measured and compared with results from previous literature. Some trials have shown 35 µm depth of penetration of boron layer at 30 min treatment time associated with micro-hardness up to 2388 HV.
Dual-Band Millimeter Wave Microstrip Patch Antenna with StubResonators for 28/38 GHz Applications

A dual band monopole antenna with triangle stubs operated at 28/38 GHz applications is introduced. The introduced dual band antenna is used for next 5G applications. The introduced antenna is designed on a Rogers RT 4003 with height h = 0.203 mm, dielectric constant ɛr = 3.55 and over dimensions of 12×12×0.237 mm3. The simulated results show that the presented design has two bands, the first one is from 25.9 to 30.4 GHz and the second is from 36.4 to 40.2 GHz with peak gain of 4.54 dB, 4.21 dB in the first and second frequencies respectively. The simulated radiation efficiency for the first and second frequencies is 94% and 96.6%, respectively. There are some small discrepancies between simulated and measured findings due to the fabrication and measurement equipment.
AP-AMPJ210069 1067..1087

How long will this article be remembered? How long will people reference it in their conversations, and for how many years will other authors cite its findings in their own works? A community’s attention to a cultural object decays as time passes, a process known as collective forgetting. Recent work models this decay as the result of two different processes. One linked to communicative memory—memories sustained by human communication—and the other linked to cultural memory—memories sustained by the physical recording of content. Collective forgetting has significant impacts on communities, yet little is known about how the collective forgetting dynamic changes over time. Here, we study the temporal changes of collective memory and attention by focusing on two knowledge communities: inventors and physicists. We use data on patents from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and physics papers published by the American Physical Society (APS) to quantify those changes over time. The model enables us to distinguish between two branches of forgetting. One branch is short-lived, going directly from communicative memory to oblivion. The other branch is long-lived, going from communicative memory to cultural memory before going on to oblivion. The data analysis shows an increase in the forgetting rate for both communities as the amount of information in each of them grows. That growth of information forces knowledge communities to increase their selectivity regarding what is stored in their cultural memory. These findings confirm the forgetting as annulment hypothesis and show that knowledge communities can slow down collective forgetting and improve selectivity processes.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding HIV and AIDS among High School Learners in South Africa

Globally, millions are infected with HIV/AIDS, and more than half of them are adolescents aged between 12-25 years. Inadequate knowledge, negative attitudes, and risky practices are major barriers to HIV/AIDS prevention. This study seeks to establish the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HIV/AIDS among high school learners in South Africa. Data were collected from a randomly selected sample of 422 learners from two high schools using pre-tested questionnaires. Data were analysed using SPSS version 16. Participants had good HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and practice levels, however, misconceptions about transmission, negative attitudes, and risky behaviour or practices were also found. Knowledge was associated with age, social status, and sources of information. Attitudes were associated with gender, age, race, social status and sources of information. Practices were associated with age, race, social class, and sources of information (p = < 0.05). Sex education (life orientation) in school and HIV/AIDS awareness programs in communities need to be intensified in order to rectify misconceptions, negative and discriminatory attitudes, unsafe and risky practices, as schools and healthcare workers were found to be the main source of HIV/AIDS information.
HEAMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ONE HUMP CAMELS (Camelusdromedarius

Camels are regarded as the ship of the desert, being used for transporting humans and their goods. They are also raised for milk, meat, hides and wool. Normal haematological values are important as disease health status. Haematological parameters of one were determined in this study. 60 one selected in sokoto and their blood haematological parameters[Packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb),white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, eosinophils, Basophils, monocyte, lymphocyte, mean corpuscular volume (MC (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)]. For all the parameters, only neutrophils and MCV values showed significant variation between sexeswith male camels having higher values than females. There is va values for all the parameters between sexes except Basophils, Monocyte and Lymphocyte. Base on the results of this study, the values were similar in both sex except in neutrophils and mean corpuscular volume indicating insignificant ef of the haematological parameters.
PRBM_A_340322 2181..2195

1School of Business, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai, Of China Purpose: Literature shows that it is a paradox whether employees can achieve performance in telework, especially during COVID-19. Our aim is to clarify the relationship between telework and employees’ job performance through a moderated mediation model. Methods: This study employed two-wave surveys with the aim of reducing the potential risk of common method bias. The 1309 participants of the survey were mainly employees who used telework during COVID-19, and they were mostly in positions such as product design and scheme planning. SEM was used to test the hypotheses. Results: Results from two-wave surveys of 1309 Chinese employees indicated that telework positively influenced job performance via job crafting. That is, job crafting played a mediating role between telework and job performance. And performance-prove goal orientation positively moderated the relationship between telework and job crafting but performance-avoid goal orientation negatively moderated the relationship between them. Conclusion: This study shows that telework can improve job performance through job crafting in COVID-19, in response to the paradox implied in the literature. In addition, we use COR theory to explain the role of performance goal orientation and job crafting in telework. We add these variables to the theoretical framework of COR theory, thereby enriching the theoretical research from the COR theory perspective.
Evaluation of wind farm efficiency and wind turbine wakes at the Nysted offshore wind farm

Here, we quantify relationships between wind farm efficiency and wind speed, direction, turbulence and atmospheric stability using power output from the large offshore wind farm at Nysted in Denmark. Wake losses are, as expected, most strongly related to wind speed variations through the turbine thrust coefficient; with direction, atmospheric stability and turbulence as important second order effects. While the wind farm efficiency is highly dependent on the distribution of wind speeds and wind direction, it is shown that the impact of turbine spacing on wake losses and turbine efficiency can be quantified, albeit with relatively large uncertainty due to stochastic effects in the data. There is evidence of the ‘deep array effect’ in that wake losses in the centre of the wind farm are under-estimated by the wind farm model WAsP, although overall efficiency of the wind farm is well predicted due to compensating edge effects. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF QUALITY OF CLOTHING PRODUCTS: A LESSON FOR THE BUSINESS SECTOR ARISING FROM CZECH EVIDENCE

The paper assesses the perception of clothing products’ quality using two independent samples of Czech respondents answering a questionnaire. It fills the current research gap in revealing how the quality of clothing products is currently perceived by different sociodemographic groups and whether other factors neglected previously (e.g., type of store, store’s trade name, etc.) contribute to the perceived garment quality. The results show that age plays an important role in assessing some of the parameters by which people define whether garments are quality garments. This demographic criterion also influences the intensity of quality consideration when people buy a product, but no statistically significant dependence was found for the intensity of quality consideration when people buy a clothing product. These and other papers’ results may help companies in the clothing industry, and the related sectors better comprehend how different categories of people determine garment quality. Implications for Central European audience: Businesses active in the apparel and fashion industries may better understand the current preferences of Czech customers regarding their clothing quality perceptions. The results could also be useful for managers in other countries of the Central-European region.
Islamic Branding, Viral Marketing, Online Consumer Review, and Purchasing Decision: The Mediating Role of Purchase Intention

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic branding, viral marketing, and online consumer reviews on purchasing decisions on e-commerce Shopee with purchase intention as an intervening variable. This study uses quantitative methods with primary data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires. The data collection technique used the purposive sampling technique with the number of respondents as many as 96 respondents. The data analysis used includes instrument tests, statistical tests, classical assumption tests, and path analyses. Based on the test results show (1) Islamic branding has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. (2) Viral marketing has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. (3) Online consumer reviews have a negative and insignificant effect on purchasing decisions. (4) Purchase intention has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. (5) Purchase intention can mediate Islamic branding on purchasing decisions. (6) Purchase intention is not able to mediate viral marketing on purchasing decisions. (7) Purchase intention is not able to mediate online consumer reviews of purchasing decisions.
ONLINE PAYMENT OPTIONS AND CONSUMER TRUST: DETERMINANTS OF E-COMMERCE IN AFRICA

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of online payment options and consumer trust on the awareness and perception of e-commerce in Africa. A five-construct model was developed and empirically tested utilizing the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique to probe answers for the variables under study. 760 professionals and college students who reside in Somalia responded to our online questionnaire, then 744 clean responses were selected after removing uncompleted answers. The study results determined that the availability of locally popular payment options such as mobile payment in Africa affects the level of awareness and public perception towards e-commerce. Moreover, the current global online payment options overlook the local technologies popular in Africa. Also, consumer trust was found to be a good determinant of the awareness and perception of e-commerce in the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). This paper finds that including more payment options would make a difference in Africa. It also shows that low consumer trust could be solved if consumers are given assurances for their online financial transactions. This paper contributes to the existing literature proving that various online payment options and consumer trust can be strong determinants of e-commerce, even in LDCs such as Somalia. Also, it added a new value to the current understanding of the impact of both awareness and perception of e-commerce on the propensity for online shopping by finding contradictory results in our research context.