Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perinatal and Developmental Outcomes of Teenage Pregnancy: An Analysis of a 10-year Period in a Local Region in Hong Kong

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy accounts for 11% of births worldwide. It is associated with poorer perinatal and developmental outcomes when compared to their adult counterparts. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a Hong Kong regional hospital, comparing the perinatal outcomes between babies delivered to teenage mothers aged below 20 years and those delivered to mothers aged between 20 and 34 years. Risk factors which may affect developmental outcomes were also analysed. Results: Teenage pregnancy was associated with more preterm deliveries (<37 weeks) (p<0.001), more babies with low birth weight (p<0.001) and more babies who were small for gestational age (p=0.015). They also had significantly higher odds of delivering preterm babies when compared to adult mothers (aORs 9.309, 95% CI 1.918 to 45.173, p=0.006). Amongst the teenage pregnancy cases, those with prior CCDS follow-up had significantly higher number of children with developmental delay (p=0.017). Conclusions: Teenage pregnancy is associated with adverse neonatal outcomes, which may be due to biological immaturity, poor socio-economic status or a combination. Developmental delay is often found in children of teenage mothers. It is essential to identify risk factors to provide social support and education so that children will be able to cope with their everyday activities better.
Child work and cognitive development: Results from four low to middle income countries

We study the impact of child work on cognitive development in four Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries. We advance the literature by using cognitive test scores collected regardless of school attendance. We also address a key gap in the literature by controlling for children's complete time allocation budget. This allows us to estimate effects of different types of work, like chores and market/farm work, relative to specific alternative time‐uses, like school or study or play/leisure. Our results show child work is more detrimental to child development to the extent that it crowds out school/study time rather than leisure. We also show the adverse effect of time spent on domestic chores is similar to time spent on market and farm work, provided they both crowd out school/study time. Thus, policies to enhance child development should target a shift from all forms of work toward educational activities.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS

While there is strong empirical evidence linking engagement, achievement, and school behavior, very little is known on factors of individual differences, which influence student engagement and second language (L2) writing. In this study, the researchers hypothesized that mindset, which is a learner’s psychosocial attitude or belief that impels or inhibits academic work, intervenes between the relationship of student engagement and L2 writing. To test this, the researchers collected data from 216 ESL students in an engineering University in Manila, who accomplished two measures for student engagement and mindset and a reflective essay writing task for L2 writing. Results corroborate previous observation that cognitive engagement, psychological engagement, and growth mindset are associated with better L2 writing outcomes. With mindset as an intervening variable, the researchers found that ESL students with high engagement and a growth mindset, i.e., one’s ability can improve with right intervention and effort, had highest scores in L2 writing as well. Students with a fixed mindset, i.e., one’s ability will not improve regardless of intervention or effort, received the lowest L2 writing scores regardless of their levels of engagement. It is therefore suggested that L2 writing teachers endorse a growth mindset and promote a growth-supportive atmosphere in the ESL classroom. Edward Jay M. Quinto (corresponding author) Associate Professor, School of Social Sciences and Education, Mapúa University, Manila, Philippines Tel: +639178795806 Email: ejmquinto@mapua.edu. ph
KOREAN JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS

Although accuracy is among the common dimensions of L2 performance that is investigated in the majority of task-based research, a limited range of measures—usually the number of error-free units or number of total errors per unit—are used to measure this feature. The present study attempted to conduct an in-depth analysis of the specific types of errors that are more susceptible to task closure and increases in task complexity. The written performance of 45 Korean learners of English was examined, and errors were divided into six major categories. It was found that increasing task complexity led to significantly greater numbers of noun ending errors and article errors. A significant interaction between task complexity and task closure was also found on the number of lexical errors. Findings are interpreted in terms of Skehan’s (1996, 1998) Trade-Off Hypothesis, the nature of the tasks, and participants’ L2 proficiency level. Received: Jan. 25, 2021 Revised: March 15, 2021 Accepted: March 25, 2021
Understanding Agri-Food Traceability System User Intention in Respond to COVID-19 Pandemic: The Comparisons of Three Models

Scientists believed the outbreak of COVID-19 could be linked to the consumption of wild animals, so food safety and hygiene have become the top concerns of the public. An agri-food traceability system becomes very important in this context because it can help the government to trace back the entire production and delivery process in case of food safety concerns. The traceability system is a complicated digitalized system because it integrates information and logistics systems. Previous studies used the technology acceptance model (TAM), information systems (IS) success model, expectation confirmation model (ECM), or extended model to explain the continuance intention of traceability system users. Very little literature can be found integrating two different models to explain user intention, not to mention comparing three models in one research context. This study proposed the technology acceptance model (TAM), technology acceptance model-information systems (TAM-IS) success, and technology acceptance model-expectation confirmation model (TAM-ECM) integrated models to evaluate the most appropriate model to explain agri-food traceability system during the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire was designed based on a literature review, and 197 agri-food traceability system users were sampled. The collected data were analyzed by partial least square (PLS) to understand the explanatory power and the differences between the three models. The results showed that: (1) the TAM model has a fair explanatory power of continuance intention (62.2%), but was recommended for its’ simplicity; (2) the TAM-IS success integrated model had the best predictive power of 78.3%; and (3) the system providers should raise users’ confirmation level, so their continuance intention could be reinforced through mediators, perceived value, and satisfaction. The above findings help to understand agri-food traceability system user intention, and provide theoretical and practical implications for system providers to refine their system design.
Inosine Triphosphate Pyrophosphatase (ITPase): Functions, Mutations, Polymorphisms and Its Impact on Cancer Therapies

Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPase) is an enzyme encoded by the ITPA gene and functions to prevent the incorporation of noncanonical purine nucleotides into DNA and RNA. Specifically, the ITPase catalyzed the hydrolysis of (deoxy) nucleoside triphosphates ((d) NTPs) into the corresponding nucleoside monophosphate with the concomitant release of pyrophosphate. Recently, thiopurine drug metabolites such as azathioprine have been included in the lists of ITPase substrates. Interestingly, inosine or xanthosine triphosphate (ITP/XTP) and their deoxy analogs, deoxy inosine or xanthosine triphosphate (dITP/dXTP), are products of important biological reactions such as deamination that take place within the cellular compartments. However, the incorporation of ITP/XTP, dITP/dXTP, or the genetic deficiency or polymorphism of the ITPA gene have been implicated in many human diseases, including infantile epileptic encephalopathy, early onset of tuberculosis, and the responsiveness of patients to cancer therapy. This review provides an up-to-date report on the ITPase enzyme, including information regarding its discovery, analysis, and cellular localization, its implication in human diseases including cancer, and its therapeutic potential, amongst others.
Is There a Link between Vomeronasalitis and Aggression in Stable Social Groups of Female Pigs?

Simple Summary The vomeronasal organ plays a key role in intraspecific animal behavior since it is able to detect pheromones. Induced and spontaneous lesions of this structure have been previously associated with various social behavior alterations in animals. In cats, the inflammation of this organ, named vomeronasalitis, has been associated with the presence of aggression towards other cats. The aim of this study was to describe this pathology in farm pigs and to evaluate if it is associated with social alterations as described in cats. Our study showed that farm pigs can be affected by the inflammation of the vomeronasal organ and that the pigs with this alteration present an increased number of skin lesions induced by fights with other pigs. These results open an interesting perspective that links the alteration of this organ to the presence of aggressive behaviors in farm animals, which implicates an important issue in animal welfare. Abstract The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a bilateral chemosensory structure strongly involved in animal behaviour, thanks to its sensory epithelium (VNSE) that detects pheromones. Experimental VNO lesions can impair social, reproductive and maternal behaviour, while feline spontaneous vomeronasalitis has been associated with aggression. This study aimed to describe vomeronasalitis in farm pigs and explore its association with intraspecific behavioural alterations. Using 38 six-month-old pigs, the skin lesion score based on Welfare Quality® protocols was obtained during the fattening period. The seventy-six VNOs from these pigs were stained in haematoxylin-eosin for histological examinations. VNSE inflammation was classified considering its intensity. Skin lesions data were compared to vomeronasalitis. There were 34% of pigs that showed unilateral VNSE inflammation, while 66% were bilaterally affected. The mean ± SD number of skin lesions/animal was 4.4 ± 2.82, and 34% of pigs scored 1 (moderately wounded animals) at least once during the fattening period. Statistical analysis showed an association between bilateral vomeronasalitis and skin lesion score (p < 0.05) and between bilateral moderate vomeronasalitis and skin lesions number (p < 0.01). This is the first report linking vomeronasalitis to social life in farm animals. Considering the role of social life in animal welfare, our data opens a research field linking pathology to animal behaviour.
A Gain-of-Function Mutation on BCKDK Gene and Its Possible Pathogenic Role in Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolism

BCKDK is an important key regulator of branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase complex activity by phosphorylating and so inactivating branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenases, the rate-limiting enzyme of the branched-chain amino acid metabolism. We identified, by whole exome-sequencing analysis, the p.His162Gln variant of the BCKDK gene in a neonate, picked up by newborn screening, with a biochemical phenotype of a mild form of maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). The same biochemical and genetic picture was present in the father. Computational analysis of the mutation was performed to better understand its role. Extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations showed that the described mutation leads to a conformational change of the BCKDK protein, which reduces the effect of inhibitory binding bound to the protein itself, resulting in its increased activity with subsequent inactivation of BCKDC and increased plasmatic branched-chain amino acid levels. Our study describes the first evidence of the involvement of the BCKDK gene in a mild form of MSUD. Although further data are needed to elucidate the clinical relevance of the phenotype caused by this variant, awareness of this regulatory activation of BCKDK is very important, especially in newborn screening data interpretation.
Comparing Survivors of Cancer in Population-Based Samples With Those in Online Cancer Communities: Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study

Background Most Western countries have websites that provide information on cancer and the opportunity to participate in online cancer communities (OCCs). The number of patients with cancer that participate in these OCCs is growing. These patients are relatively easy to approach for research purposes. Objective The objective of this study is to determine the differences and similarities between survivors of cancer in population-based samples and survivors participating in OCCs who use the internet in relation to their illness. Methods In 2017, we drew a sample of 539 population-based patients and 531 OCC patients. The population-based patients were sent a paper-based questionnaire, and the OCC patients were sent the same questionnaire on the web. In the questionnaire, we asked patients about their sociodemographics, internet use, sources of information, media use, and wishes regarding future internet use for health care–related purposes, and the effect of internet use on their health care consumption. Results The response rate of population-based internet users was 47% (233/496), and that of the OCC group was 40.3% (214/531). The OCC group had a significantly higher education level (P<.001), was younger (P<.001), had more survivors that were employed (P<.001), and attached greater importance to the internet (171/214, 79.9% vs 126/233, 54.1%; P<.001) and fellow survivors (107/214, 50% vs 60/233, 25.8%; P<.001). Compared with the population-based group, the OCC group reported more intensive internet use immediately after diagnosis, during treatment, and during follow-up (P<.001 in each case). There were similarities in terms of the relative importance that survivors attach to the various sources of information, the topics on which they seek information, and their wishes for future eHealth possibilities. The OCC group reported a greater need to participate in a web-based class or chat with others (92/214, 43% vs 44/233, 18.9%). Conclusions We conclude that survivors who are members of an OCC are not representative of survivors of cancer in general. There are significant differences in sociodemographic characteristics, internet use during their treatment journey, internet search frequency during their cancer journey, and participation wishes. Using web-based information and communication can support shared decision-making and may facilitate the active participation of patients during their treatment. For research purposes, it is important to take the bias in OCC groups into account.
Abdominal Tuberculosis (Study of 50 cases)

Background: The incidence of abdominal tuberculosis is increasing. Preoperative diagnosis continues to be the biggest challenge. Diagnosis is established only after histopathological examination. The modes of presentation and therapeutic options need to be assessed. Objectives: To study the patterns of presentations, the extent of organ involvement and therapeutic options. Materials and methods: Fifty histopathologically proven cases of abdominal tuberculosis were studied. In addition, epidemiologic data, clinical patterns of presentation, diagnostic and various surgical options, including outcomes, were studied. Results: The mortality in the study was 8%. The disease was commonly seen in 21 to 40 years old and commonly seen in females. HIV positivity, anaemia and hypoproteinaemia were associated with poor outcomes. Four types of presentations were observed. Diagnostic laparoscopy enabled early histopathological diagnosis of biopsy specimens. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment Surgery is a signiﬁcant adjunct in diagnosing and managing complications. Patients presenting with perforative peritonitis had a poor prognosis Conclusion: Critical evaluation of chronic abdominal pain is essential. Supportive evidence such as the history of TB or contact with a patient suffering from TB is highly suggestive of abdominal tuberculosis. Radiological tests are highly suggestive but not diagnostic. Diagnostic laparoscopy enables tissue diagnosis. Chemotherapy accompanied by surgical intervention for complications is the mainstay of treatment.
Video SAR Moving Target Tracking Using Joint Kernelized Correlation Filter

Video synthetic aperture radar (ViSAR) has been found very useful for the surveillance of ground moving targets. The target energy can be utilized for ground moving target tracking, while the dynamic shadows of moving targets enable an alternative tracking approach. However, neither of these two approaches can stand alone to provide reliable target tracking. The smeared shadow and energy both degrade the tracking performance when the target is maneuvering. A moving target tracking framework based on the joint kernelized correlation filter (JKCF) has been developed. Based on the feature training of JKCF, the target is tracked by combining its shadow in the sequential SAR imagery and the corresponding energy in the range-Doppler (RD) spectra. Aiming at the problems of tracking drift and collapse, interactive processing is adopted to enhance the target positioning and feature update based on the confidence assessment. By cooperating with the initialization and feature update strategy, the tracking success rate and precision can be improved significantly.
DYADIC ANALYSES OF THEDIVISION OF DOMESTIC LABOR:COMPETENCES,PREFERENCES AND MEN’S GOODWILL

The persistence of a distinctly gendered division of domestic labor in Western societies remains puzzling. Beyond standard economic and normative explanations, more recent approaches emphasize affective, cognitive, and incorporated aspects of housework and the production, reproduction, and negotiation of gendered expectations via social interactions. However, the relevant indicators for these more implicit mechanisms are not routinely included in social surveys. Based on a unique set of items and a representative sample of heterosexual couples (N=1,396) from pairfam data (German Family Panel) (wave 10), we contribute to this research by analyzing the mutual effects of both partners’ enjoyment, quality standards, and reciprocally perceived competencies on the division of domestic labor. An actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) is applied, which is adequate methodologically to model the partner dyad. Both an actor’s own and their partner’s assessments of competences and preferences – and particularly men’s attributes and perceptions – prove to be powerful and statistically significant predictors of the division of domestic labor. The results contribute quantitative evidence on processes of doing and undoing gender in context.
Real Economy Effects on Consumption-Based CAPM

The consumption-based capital asset pricing model (CCAPM) is an attractive research field in finance, and extant studies have examined the impacts of different factors towards traditional CCAPM, intending to improve the model from the practical perspective. In this paper, we comprehensively scrutinize the real economy effects on the CCAPM by comprising expenditure on durable, expenditure on non-durable goods, services, and real estate four factors. Our study pays great attention to the real economy effect on the CCAPM based on two types of portfolios. By employing both time-series and cross-sectional analysis, our empirical results suggest that the real economy factors can help traditional CCAPM to produce better asset pricing results. Particularly, incorporating the real estate component into the CCAPM model can improve its explanation power on the stock market risk. Our results are potentially useful for investors, portfolios managers and policy makers towards the CCAPM.
Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 Ditinjau dari Karakteristik Individu dan Sikap Masyarakat

Covid-19 sudah dikategorikan sebagai pandemi global. Covid-19 merupakan jenis virus yang baru sehingga banyak pihak yang tidak tahu dan tidak mengerti cara penanggulangan virus tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik individu dan sikap terkait pencegahan Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 1.170 orang dan dipilih dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibantu dengan program google form. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa mayoritas responden dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja (90,90%), mempunyai status bekerja (56,00%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (69,30%), memiliki sikap positif terhadap pencegahan covid-19 (99,15%) dan mempunyai perilaku yang baik terhadap pencegahan covid-19 (90,20%). Hasil uji chi-square menunjukan nilai p antara jenis kelamin, umur, status pekerjaan, dan sikap terkait pencegahan Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 adalah 0,000, 0,306, 0,605 dan 0,066. Kesimpulannya adalah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19. Namun, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, status pekerjaan, dan sikap terkait pencegahan Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19.
Nutraceuticals and Physical Activity as Antidepressants: The Central Role of the Gut Microbiota

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental illness. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiota play an essential role in regulating brain functions and the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases, including MDD. There are numerous mechanisms through which the gut microbiota and brain can exchange information in a continuous, bidirectional communication. Current research emphasizes the interexchange of signals influenced by the gut microbiota that are detected and transduced in information from the gut to the nervous system involving neural, endocrine, and inflammatory mechanisms, suggesting a relationship between oxidative stress and the pathophysiology of MDD via the hyperactivation of inflammatory responses. Potential sources of inflammation in the plasma and hippocampus of depressed individuals could stem from increases in intestinal permeability. Some nutraceuticals, such as specific probiotics, namely psychobiotics, polyphenols, carotenoids, butyrate, and prebiotics, have been demonstrated to exert an antidepressant activity, but most of them need to be metabolized and activated by gut microorganisms. By inducing changes in the gut microbiota composition, physical exercise might also exert a role in alleviating depression-like symptoms. The mutual relationships among nutraceuticals, exercise, and depression will be discussed, and the potential role of the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target to treat depression will be explored.