Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acceptability of telehealth-delivered rehabilitation: Experiences and perspectives of people with traumatic brain injury and their carers

Introduction Communication skills training for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their carers is recommended best practice. Delivery via telehealth could improve access to this training. This paper focuses on the acceptability of telehealth delivery of communication skills training. Methods A mixed-methods investigation of acceptability of telehealth to people with TBI and their carers was incorporated into a clinical trial. Thirty-six people with TBI (23 metropolitan and 13 regional) and their carers were recruited. Metropolitan participants were randomly allocated to telehealth or in-person intervention at a 1:3 ratio. Regional participants were allocated to telehealth. Telehealth and in-person participants were compared on retention, time to complete the programme, home practice completion and therapeutic alliance ratings. Participants completed semi-structured interviews regarding their views on telehealth, which were analysed using thematic analysis. Results There were no significant differences between telehealth and in-person participants in retention rate, time to complete the programme, degree of home practice completion or therapeutic alliance ratings. Three themes were identified: ‘telehealth delivery opens a window for access to rehabilitation in the context of my daily life’, ‘in-person delivery offers rehabilitation based on natural human interaction’ and ‘weighing telehealth against in-person delivery’. Discussion Participants found telehealth delivery acceptable, as indicated by the similarity between groups in the quantitative process measures, and as reported in interviews. Some reported a preference for in-person delivery if there had been a choice of delivery mode. Participants described characteristics of the two delivery modes which were relevant to their attitudes towards telehealth.
Voltage-dependent structural models of the human Hv1 proton channel from long-timescale molecular dynamics simulations

Significance The Hv1 voltage-gated proton channels are important for various physiological functions that include the extrusion of acid from cells, oxidative bursts in phagocytes, and immune response. A lack of structural information under physiological conditions has left many unanswered questions about the mechanism of proton conduction. We employed molecular dynamics simulations to generate structural models of the open and closed states of the channel in the presence of applied membrane potentials, without any initial assumptions on the position of the voltage sensor and without relying on homology on functional similarities between Hv1 and other voltage-sensitive proteins. We have thus provided molecular-scale insights into the mechanism of voltage-dependent activation that could inform therapeutic strategies for modulating the function of Hv1. The voltage-gated Hv1 proton channel is a ubiquitous membrane protein that has roles in a variety of cellular processes, including proton extrusion, pH regulation, production of reactive oxygen species, proliferation of cancer cells, and increased brain damage during ischemic stroke. A crystal structure of an Hv1 construct in a putative closed state has been reported, and structural models for the channel open state have been proposed, but a complete characterization of the Hv1 conformational dynamics under an applied membrane potential has been elusive. We report structural models of the Hv1 voltage-sensing domain (VSD), both in a hyperpolarized state and a depolarized state resulting from voltage-dependent conformational changes during a 10-μs-timescale atomistic molecular dynamics simulation in an explicit membrane environment. In response to a depolarizing membrane potential, the S4 helix undergoes an outward displacement, leading to changes in the VSD internal salt-bridge network, resulting in a reshaping of the permeation pathway and a significant increase in hydrogen bond connectivity throughout the channel. The total gating charge displacement associated with this transition is consistent with experimental estimates. Molecular docking calculations confirm the proposed mechanism for the inhibitory action of 2-guanidinobenzimidazole (2GBI) derived from electrophysiological measurements and mutagenesis. The depolarized structural model is also consistent with the formation of a metal bridge between residues located in the core of the VSD. Taken together, our results suggest that these structural models are representative of the closed and open states of the Hv1 channel.
Indo‐West Pacific patterns of genetic differentiation in the high‐dispersal starfish Linckia laevigata

Genetic variation in four natural populations of the starfish Linckia laevigata from the Indo‐West Pacific was examined using restriction fragment analysis of a portion of the mtDNA including the control region. Digestion with seven restriction enzymes identified 47 haplotypes in a sample of 326 individuals. Samples collected from reef sites within each location were not significantly differentiated based on ΦST or spatial distribution of haplotypes, indicating that dispersal is high over short to moderate distances. Evidence of gene flow is further supported by the low divergence among haplotypes and the lack of any clear geographical structuring among different haplotypes in the gene phylogeny. However, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), ΦST and contingency χ2 analyses of the spatial distribution of haplotypes demonstrate the presence of significant broad scale population genetic structure among the four widespread locations examined. RFLP data are consistent with high gene flow between the Philippines and Western Australia and moderate gene flow between the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) and Fiji, but only limited gene flow between either the Philippines or Western Australia and either the GBR or Fiji. The presence of mtDNA structure contrasts with previous allozyme data which suggest that dispersal among widely separated locations is equivalent to dispersal among populations within the highly connected GBR studies. This discordance between patterns of gene flow inferred from these two markers cannot be fully accounted for by differences in effective population size for mtDNA. This might suggest that while mtDNA variation may represent contemporary patterns of gene flow, allozyme variation among populations is yet to reach equilibrium between drift and migration over the range surveyed.
Clinical application of bicylindric intraocular lens power calculation method

Purpose: To analyze the reliability of the refractive results prediction obtained in intraocular lens (IOL) calculation using bicylindric power calculation method, with the use of steep and flat keratometry readings compared with the classical mean keratometry calculation method. Methods: Fifty-seven eyes of 57 subjects who underwent cataract surgery were included in this prospective study. Optical biometry was performed with IOLMaster 700 and IOL power calculation was performed using both keratometry readings and the surgically induced astigmatism. Four weeks after surgery, subjective refraction was done. Finally, results obtained with both IOL calculation methods were compared. Results: Mean spherical equivalent using bicylindric IOL power calculation method was -0.082 ± 0.296D, and achieved mean spherical equivalent using classical IOL power method with Haigis formula was -0.088 ± 0.405D. Achieved mean spherical equivalent obtained in subjective refraction after surgery was -0.101 ± 0.265D. Linear correlation between bicylindric method spherical equivalent calculation and achieved spherical equivalent was statistically significant (r = 0.761, P < 0.001), also correlation between Haigis spherical equivalent calculation and achieved spherical equivalent was statistically significant (r = 0.339, P = 0.010). Emmetropia was achieved in 49 of 57 (85.86%) subjects and bicylindric method calculated that 49 of 57 (85.86%) of subjects would get emmetropia (P = 1.000). Classical IOL power calculation estimated that 38/57 subjects would get emmetropia (66.67%) (P = 0.026). Conclusion: The IOL power calculation including both keratometry readings and surgically induced astigmatism seems to be more accurate and provides more precision in refractive prediction than classical calculation method.
The Influence of Potato Virus Y Infection on the Ultrastructure of Pssu‐ipt Transgenic Tobacco1

We studied the effect of Potato virus YNTN (PVY) on the cell ultrastructure of control (rooted control plants [C] and control plants grafted onto control rootstock [C/C]) and transgenic Pssu‐ipt plants overproducing cytokinins (CK; rooted [T] or grafted [T/C]). The PVY infection caused visible symptoms, i.e., reduction of leaf surface and plant growth, acceleration of leaf senescence, veinal necrosis, and leaf distortion in all infected C plants; in T and C/C plants, plant age affected whether symptoms of infection occurred. Even though DAS‐ELISA proved the presence of virus coat protein in all studied plants, the symptoms of infection were never observed in T/C plants. Relative content of virus proteins in cells correlated with the stage of symptom development in infected plants. A massive accumulation of virus proteins was found in the cytoplasm of infected plants, and it was proved by immunocytochemical methods. The most prominent effect of viral infection was a decrease of volume density of starch, an increase of volume density of plastoglobuli in chloroplasts, and more abundant cores inside peroxisomes in C plants. Although virus particles were not found inside chloroplasts, they formed large aggregates adjacent to cell organelles—nuclei, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Both transgenic plants and C/C plants were less sensitive to viral infection. We concluded that not only CK overproduction but also the cultivation method of plants may influence the sensitivity of plants to biotic stress.
Performance of High-Yielding Dairy Cows Fed Liquid Whey

Abstract The nutritive value of liquid acid whey and that whey's effect on milk yield and composition, rumen, and blood metabolites were studied with 36 high-yielding cows from 1 to 147 days postpartum. Average dry matter of whey was 4.5% and pH 4.0. Intake rose from 35 to 55 liters/cow per day during the experiment. Cows balanced the reduction in concentrate intake by increasing intake of whey dry matter. There was a tendency by the whey group toward a lower milk yield during most of the lactation but a higher production of 3.5% fat corrected milk during lactation. Between 15 and 69 days postpartum the 3.5% milk yield was significantly higher for the whey-fed group. The whey-fed group had higher milk total solids, fat yield, and percentage. Protein was not different. Rumen metabolites were affected by cows drinking whey; pH and acetic and propionic acids were lower, but butyric, valeric, and lactic acids and ammonia-nitrogen were higher. Whey fed to mature dairy cows enters the rumen and not the abomasum directly. There were no differences in body weight fluctuations, conception, pregnancy, mastitis, or digestive disturbances between groups. Under conditions in Israel, feeding of liquid whey is most economical.
Sex Differences in Relationships Between Perceived Coach-Induced Motivational Climates, Basic Psychological Needs, and Behavior Regulation Among Young Swimmers

This study analyzed independent and codependent effects of task- and ego-involving motivational climates on basic psychological need satisfaction and behavioral regulation (i.e., autonomous and controlled motivation) among young athletes. Participants were young Portuguese female (n = 114) and male (n = 324) swimmers, nested within four different clubs. Participants completed a multisection survey, assessing motivational climates, basic psychological needs satisfaction, and behavioral regulation. We used polynomial regression analysis with surface response methodology to analyze the interactions between these constructs. We found that perceived task- and ego-involving motivational climates were not mutually exclusive; rather, their relationship depended on how athletes perceived coaches’ behaviors and how coaches emphasized one or both climates. Coaches who fostered both motivational climates promoted positive outcomes among male (but not female) athletes.
Phylogeny of the bee subtribe Caenohalictina Michener (Hymenoptera, Apidae s.l., Halictinae s.l.)

Gonçalves, R. B. & Melo, G. A. R. (2009). Phylogeny of the bee subtribe Caenohalictina Michener (Hymenoptera, Apidae s.l., Halictinae s.l.). —Zoologica Scripta, 39, 187–197.
Variation in left ventricular cardiac magnetic resonance normal reference ranges: systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Aims To determine population-related and technical sources of variation in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) reference ranges for left ventricular (LV) quantification through a formal systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods and results This study is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42019147161). Relevant studies were identified through electronic searches and assessed by two independent reviewers based on predefined criteria. Fifteen studies comprising 2132 women and 1890 men aged 20–91 years are included in the analysis. Pooled LV reference ranges calculated using random effects meta-analysis with inverse variance weighting revealed significant differences by age, sex, and ethnicity. Men had larger LV volumes and higher LV mass than women [LV end-diastolic volume (mean difference = 6.1 mL/m2, P-value = 0.014), LV end-systolic volume (MD = 4 mL/m2, P-value = 0.033), LV mass (mean difference = 12 g/m2, P-value = 7.8 × 10−9)]. Younger individuals had larger LV end-diastolic volumes than older ages (20–40 years vs. ≥65 years: women MD = 14.0 mL/m2, men MD = 14.7 mL/m2). East Asians (Chinese, Korean, Singaporean-Chinese, n = 514) had lower LV mass than Caucasians (women: MD = 6.4 g/m2, P-value = 0.016; men: MD = 9.8 g/m2, P-value = 6.7 × 10−5). Between-study heterogeneity was high for all LV parameters despite stratification by population-related factors. Sensitivity analyses identified differences in contouring methodology, magnet strength, and post-processing software as potential sources of heterogeneity. Conclusion There is significant variation between CMR normal reference ranges due to multiple population-related and technical factors. Whilst there is need for population-stratified reference ranges, limited sample sizes and technical heterogeneity precludes derivation of meaningful unified ranges from existing reports. Wider representation of different populations and standardization of image analysis is urgently needed to establish such reference distributions.
SOME LIME‐INDUCED CHANGES IN LAKE METABOLISM

Application of hydrated lime to bog and other dystrophic lakes is thought to stimulate production at several trophic levels. It enhances the medium for plant growth by increasing: the rate of remineralization of plant nutrients ( Hasler and Einsele 1948) ; the depth of the euphotic zone (Hasler et al. 1951) and the supply of available carbon dioxide (Hasler et al. 1951, Waters 1957, Waters and Ball 1957). In addition, phosphate should be conserved in the trophogenie layer as a result of the removal of iron from suspension. The consequences of phosphate removal by ferric-iron complexes are discussed by Einsele ( 1938)) Ohle ( 1937a) and Mortimer ( 1941, 1942). Lakes treated with lime have not responded uniformly owing, perhaps, to the differences in the nature of the lakes and method of treatment. Hasler et al. (1951) and Johnson and Hasler ( 1954) have enlarged the euphotic zone in several instances although the latter workers and Waters (1957) were unable to clear some lakes. Large applications of hydrated lime result in plankton blooms and probably are induced by the momentary release of phosphorus (Waters). But whether the increase in plant production is transferred to all trophic levels is questionable. Johnson and Hasler report no increase in production of rainbow trout following an increase in standing crop of plankton. However, Waters and Ball show an increase in plankton and growth rate of yellow perch. This paper considers some of the direct effects of lime on lake metabolism. A lake previously treated with apparent success was used to test the result of treatment on lake dystrophy and the distribution of iron and phosphorus. Because of its possible significance in achieving and maintaining
On the identity of Herbertus borealis (Jungermanniopsida: Herbertaceae), with notes on the possible origin of H. sendtneri

Abstract The assumed European endemic Herbertus borealis differs from the closely related Holarctic species H. aduncus and H. stramineus by the convex vitta, a strongly asymmetrical leaf lamina and the dorsal lobes being much broader than the ventral ones. The latter character recurs in Asian H. delavayi and tropical American H. acanthelius. Phylogenetic analyses of nrITS sequences resolve H. borealis from the British Isles in a robust monophyletic lineage with H. delavayi from Bhutan whereas H. acanthelius is placed in a separate clade. Based on the molecular topology and morphological comparisons we propose to lower H. borealis to a synonym of H. delavayi. Accessions of H. dicranus from Africa and Asia are placed sister to a robust clade with H. delavayi, H. stramineus and H. aduncus. A sequence of H. giraldianus is nested within H. dicranus, supporting an earlier view that a synonym of the polymorphic H. dicranus is at hand. Herbertus sendtneri from Malaysia is placed sister to a clade with H. sendtneri accessions from Austria, the Azores and tropical America in a robust sister relationship. Based on this topology we deduce an Asian origin of H. sendtneri.
Changing Educational Differentials in Female Sterilization.

CONTEXT Female surgical sterilization is widely used in the United States. Educational differentials in sterilization are large, but poorly understood. Improved understanding of these differences is important to ensure that all women have access to the full range of contraceptive methods. METHODS Data from the National Survey of Family Growth (1973-2015) from 8,100 women aged 40-44 were used to describe trends in sterilization and other contraceptive methods by educational attainment. Demographic standardization was employed to examine how compositional changes in marital status and age at first birth contribute to aggregate changes in sterilization prevalence. RESULTS In 1982, women with a high school diploma and those with at least a bachelor's degree reported similar levels of sterilization use (38% and 32%, respectively), but by 2011-2015, prevalence had declined to 19% among college-educated women and had increased to 44% among those with a diploma. The trend among college graduates was largely attributable to delayed fertility; all other things being equal, if their age at first birth had not increased, the prevalence of sterilization would have declined by approximately 3% instead of 14% between 1982 and 2002. Increased use of sterilization among women with a high school diploma was only weakly related to changes in birth timing and marital status. CONCLUSIONS Among women with a high school diploma, elements other than childbearing and marital status-such as contraceptive preferences and access-appeared to influence their contraceptive behavior. Sterilization differentials between high school and college graduates may reflect or exacerbate other socioeconomic disparities that affect women's health and well-being.
Effects of plant spacing on broccoli yield and hollow stem in Alaska

The potential to produce broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. spp. Italica Plenck 'Green Valiant' and 'Emperor') at high latitudes was evaluated by measuring yield, head size and incidence of hollow stem in plantings at two sites and eight spacings. The maximum yield of individual heads for fresh market was obtained at a spacing of 45 × 30 cm using single plant transplants. At this spacing, yields for Green Valiant and Emperor were 18.3 and 15.0 MT ha−1, respectively. Broccoli heads small enough to be used for processing were obtained at a spacing of 45 × 40 cm using two plants per transplant plug with yields of 21.4 MT ha−1 for Green Valiant. These yields were compared with published studies and it was concluded that there was no effect of latitude on broccoli yields or head weights. The incidence of hollow stem was low in Alaska and occurred in Green Valiant planted at wide spacings. Only plants that produced heads with the largest mean weights and mean diameters exhibited hollow stem. The use of multiple pla.
Staphylococcus aureus, antibiotic resistance, and the interaction with human neutrophils.

Significance: Staphylococcus aureus is among the leading causes of bacterial infections worldwide. The high burden of S. aureus among human and animal hosts, which includes asymptomatic carriage and infection, is coupled with a notorious ability of the microbe to become resistant to antibiotics. Notably, S. aureus has the ability to produce molecules that promote evasion of host defense, including the ability to avoid killing by neutrophils. Recent Advances: Significant progress has been made to better understand S. aureus-host interactions. These discoveries include elucidation of the role played by numerous S. aureus virulence molecules during infection. Based on putative functions, a number of these virulence molecules, including S. aureus alpha-hemolysin and protein A, have been identified as therapeutic targets. Although it has not been possible to develop a vaccine that can prevent S. aureus infections, monoclonal antibodies specific for S. aureus virulence molecules have the potential to moderate the severity of disease. Critical Issues: Therapeutic options for treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are limited, and the microbe typically develops resistance to new antibiotics. New prophylactics and/or therapeutics are needed. Future Directions: Research that promotes an enhanced understanding of S. aureus-host interaction is an important step toward developing new therapeutic approaches directed to moderate disease severity and facilitate treatment of infection. This research effort includes studies that enhance our view of the interaction of S. aureus with human neutrophils.
PREMATURE CHROMOSOME CONDENSATION OF THE KARYOGAMY‐BLOCKED SPERM PRONUCLEUS IN THE FERTILIZATION OF FUCUS DISTICHUS (FUCALES, PHAEOPHYCEAE) 1

Mitosis of egg and sperm pronuclei of Fucus distichus subsp. evanescens (C. Agardh)Powell was examined by fluorescence and electron microscopy when migration of the sperm pronucleus and, as a result, karyogamy were blocked by colchicine treatment after plasmogamy. Chromosome condensation was obsewed in both pronuclei Microspectrophotometric studies after staining the nuclei with mithramycin A clearly showed that DNA synthesis ocurred in the egg pronucleus but not in the sperm pronucleus. This means that chromosomes condensed prematurely in the sperm pronucleus (premature chromosome condensation). In some cases, the egg chromosomes became arranged on a metaphase plate, whereas the sperm chromosomes lay scattered near the egg pronucleus. Immuno fluorescence microscopy using anti‐β‐tubulin antibody confirmed that a normal spindle was formed at the egg pronucleus. A pair of centrioles existed at the two poles of this spindle. The sperm nuclear membrane disappeared, and microtubules radiated to the sperm chromosomes from one pole of the egg spindle.