Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN LITERASI EMERGEN ANAK TAMAN KANAK-KANAK DI DAERAH PERKOTAAN DAN PINGGIRAN

The aim of this study is to describe the development of emergent literacy in kindergarten children and to compare the development of emergent literacy of kindergarten children in the urban and sub urban area of Semarang city. In order to collect data, the Emergent Literacy developmental Test was used (part of the test was adapted from the Get Ready To Read by Whitehurst). In total, 36 children aged 4-5 years participated in the study. The results showed that kindergarten children from urban area scored higher significantly (13.188 ± 3.43) in the emergent literacy than children from sub urban area (10.00 ± 3.146; t(35) = 2.903; p = 0.003).
Assessing the Importance of Prominent Warm SST Anomalies over the Midlatitude North Pacific in Forcing Large-Scale Atmospheric Anomalies during 2011 Summer and Autumn

AbstractSets of atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) experiments are conducted to assess the importance of prominent positive anomalies in sea surface temperature (SST) observed over the midlatitude North Pacific in forcing a persistent basin-scale anticyclonic circulation anomaly and its downstream influence in 2011 summer and autumn. The anticyclonic anomaly observed in October is well reproduced as a robust response of an AGCM forced only with the warm SST anomaly associated with the poleward-shifted oceanic frontal zone in the midlatitude Pacific. The equivalent barotropic anticyclonic anomaly over the North Pacific is maintained under strong transient eddy feedback forcing associated with the poleward-deflected storm track. As the downstream influence of the anomaly, abnormal warmth and dryness observed over the northern United States and southern Canada in October are also reproduced to some extent. The corresponding AGCM response over the North Pacific to the tropical SST anomalies is simil.
FIELD ULTRASOUND EVALUATION OF SOME GESTATIONAL PARAMETERS IN 1 JENNIES 2

The aim of this study was to collect and analyze ultrasound measurements of fetal- 15 maternal structures during normal and pathological pregnancies in jennies, a livestock 16 species of growing interest. For two breeding seasons, 38 jennies of different breeds and 17 crossbreeds aged between 3 and 18 years were monitored weekly by transrectal 18 examination using a portable Esaote ultrasound (MyLab™ 30 GOLD VET) with a 5-7.5 19 MHz probe. The jennies were divided into two groups, < 250 kg and 250 kg body weight, 20 and the dates of conception and parturition/abortion were recorded to calculate pregnancy 21 length. Descriptive statistics were performed for the following variables: pregnancy length 22 and maternal-fetal parameters, (measurements of the orbit, gastric bubble, thorax, 23 abdomen, gonads, heart rate, umbilical artery velocimetry, and combined utero-placental 24 thickness). A total of 68 pregnancies were studied, 36 of which ended during the study 25 period. The average pregnancy length was 370.82 ± 16.6 days for full-term pregnancies (N 26 = 28, 77.8%) and 316.13 ± 36.6 days for abortions (N = 8, 22.2%). The season of 27 conception and fetal gender did not affect the pregnancy length. We observed that 28 pregnancy diagnosis can be determined on day 12 forward. The orbital diameter was the 29 most reliable parameter for monitoring the physiological development of the embryo and 30 fetus, and it was strongly related to the gestational age. No differences in fetal 31 development were observed in relation to the mother’s body weight. The combined utero- 32 placental thickness CUPT was not associated with the gestational age but thickness and 33 edema, frequently observed, were not associated with fetal pathologies
Temporal Variation in C, N and P of the Periphyton on the Tropical Aquatic Macrophyte Echinochloa polystachya (H.B.K.) HITCH. in Jurumirim Reservoir (São Paulo, Brazil)

The temporal variations in C, N and P concentrations of the periphyton on the natural substratum (Echinochloa polystachya) and its relationships to the water's climatological (air temperature and precipitation), hydrodynamic (water discharge and water level), physical (temperature, transparency) and chemical variables (conductivity, total suspended solids, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, silica, total phosphorus and orthophosphate) were evaluated in a lagoon at the Par-anapanema River mouth into the Jurumirim Reservoir (Sao Paulo, Brazil) from August 1993 to July 1994. An amplitude variation of 2.0 m in water level was observed. Depending on to the hydrologic conditions, the lagoon presents intermediate conditions of lentic and lotic environments. The amplitude variations in C, N and P were 14.5-52.1% C DW-1, 0.5-3.2% N DW-1, and 0.03-0.4% P DW-1, respectively. The periphyton presented a decreased protein content. The environmental trophic degree appears to be decisive in chemical periphyton composition.
Immunoglobulin A Antibody Composition Is Sculpted to Bind the Self Gut Microbiome

Despite being the most abundantly secreted immunoglobulin isotype, the reactivity of IgA antibodies towards each individual’s own gut commensal bacteria still remains elusive. By colonizing germ-free mice with defined commensal bacteria, we found the binding specificity of bulk fecal and serum IgA towards resident gut bacteria resolves well at the species level and has modest strain level specificity. IgA hybridomas generated from lamina propria B cells of gnotobiotic mice showed that most IgA clones recognized a single bacterial species, while a small portion displayed polyreactivity. Species-specific IgAs had a range of strain specificities. Given the unique bacterial species and strain composition in each individual’s gut, our findings suggest the IgA repertoire is uniquely shaped to bind our self gut bacteria.
Subtropical Mode Water in the 137°E Section

Abstract The subtropics mode water (STMW) in the North Pacific Ocean has been investigated based on the data of long-term observations along the 137°E meridian, which have been performed by the Japan Meteorological Agency since 1967 for winter and since 1972 for summer. STMW cores were identified as vertical potential vorticity minima, and examined by the use of apparent oxygen utilization as an indicator of the age of STMW. The main results can be summarized as follows. 1) A major post of the STMW appearing in the summer (or the winter) sections is the water formed in the immediately previous winter, its age being half a year (or one year). 2) Within half a year after its formation the STMW can be advected to the 137°E section only as far south as about 26°N and as far as about 23°N within one year. 3) Typical potential temperature in summer was higher than in winter, with salinity higher and potential density lower. 4) Less STMW was observed during the period of the typical large meander of the Kuroshio.
Santiaguito Volcanic Dome, Guatemala

The Santiaguito volcanic dome insouthwestern Guatemala is a multiple extrusive dome that has shown constant volcanic activity since its birth in 1922. Fourteen extrusive units are mapped. Five of these are volcanic domes; the remaining nine are lava flows which generally cling to the sides of the domes. The volume of material extruded at Santiaguito since 1922 (0.7 km 3 ) is a small fraction of the volume of pyroclastic debris from the 1902 eruption of Santa Maria (5.5 km 3 ), Santiaguito9s parent composite cone. Extrusion of the dome began in the center of the explosion crater created by Santa Maria9s 1902 activity. This crater was volumetrically much smaller (0.5 km 3 ) than the amount of material erupted during the 1902 event, and local slumping near the crater has occurred and is continuing along a series of east-trending faults. The general westward growth of the dome complex and many of the structural featureson Santiaguito are controlled by these near-vertical faults. The domes are studded with Pelean spines. Twenty-five new chemical analyses are presented, showing Santiaguito9s eruptive products to be soda-rich dacite of the calc-alkaline suite. The dome lava has differentiated quite significantly from the overwhelmingly abundant pyroxene andesite magma which makes up Santa Maria and the older volcanic rocks in the area. Trace element analyses of the lavas, along with major element data suggest a differentiation by fractional crystallization under constant or increasing PO 2 . Sr isotope determinations could not detect contamination of the lavas by radiogenic crustal material; the Sr 87 /Sr 86 ratio in Santiaguito rock averages . 7043. The Santiaguito lavas are tridymite-bearing hypersthene dacites, characterized by strongly zoned plagioclase phenocrysts and oxyhornblende. Compositional and petrographic comparisons are made with other modern volcanic domes and other Central American lavas.
The solubility of calcite and aragonite in seawater at atmospheric pressure and 34.5 0 / 00 salinity

Direct measurement of the solubility of calcite in seawater is difficult and irreproducible because of kinetic factors that inhibit the attainment of true, reversible equilibrium. To avoid this problem, the solubility product constant for calcite in seawater was determined in the present study by calculation from new measurements of the aragonite solubility product constant in seawater and the differential solubility of calcite and aragonite in carbonated distilled water. All measured equilibria were reversed, and redundant measurement of pH, P/sub CO/sub 2/, calcium concentration, and carbonate alkalinity was used as a check on the results. The resultant calculated values of K'/sub e/ = (Ca/sup + +/) (CO/sub 3//sup - -/) for 34.5 percent seawater and 1 atm total pressure are: K'/sub c/ = 5.94 +- 0.39 x 10/sup -7/ at 25/sup 0/C, K'/sub c/ = 7.98 +- 0.43 x 10/sup -7/ at 5/sup 0/C, where c refers to calcite, and units of K'/sub c/ are mol/sup 2/ l/sup -2/. The analogous measured values for aragonite in seawater are: K'/sub a/ = 8.76 +- 0.40 x 10/sup -7/ at 25/sup 0/C, K'/sub a/ = 11.4 +- 0.50 x 10/sup -7/ at 5/sup 0/C. The difference in solubility between calcite and aragonite determinedmore » is in good agreement with thermodynamic measurements of others. Recalculation, using the new K'/sub e/ data, of the state of saturation of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans from the data of Takahashi (1975) shows that the lysocline, north of 30/sup 0/S, in both oceans is found well below the saturation depth for calcite and occurs near where accelerated dissolution, based on similarly recalculated laboratory results, is to be expected. However, additional indirect determinations of calcite solubility, especially for elevated pressures, are needed to check these conclusions. « less
Aspirin for the Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism: The INSPIRE Collaboration

Background— In patients with a first unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) the risk of recurrent VTE remains high after anticoagulant treatment is discontinued. The Aspirin for the Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism (the Warfarin and Aspirin [WARFASA]) and the Aspirin to Prevent Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism (ASPIRE) trials showed that aspirin reduces this risk, but they were not individually powered to detect treatment effects for particular outcomes or subgroups. Methods and Results— An individual patient data analysis of these trials was planned, before their results were known, to assess the effect of aspirin versus placebo on recurrent VTE, major vascular events (recurrent VTE, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular disease death) and bleeding, overall and within predefined subgroups. The primary analysis, for VTE, was by intention to treat using time-to-event data. Of 1224 patients, 193 had recurrent VTE over 30.4 months’ median follow-up. Aspirin reduced recurrent VTE (7.5%/yr versus 5.1%/yr; hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51–0.90; P=0.008), including both deep-vein thrombosis (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47–0.92; P=0.01) and pulmonary embolism (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.41–1.06; P=0.08). Aspirin reduced major vascular events (8.7%/yr versus 5.7%/yr; HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.50–0.86; P=0.002). The major bleeding rate was low (0.4%/yr for placebo and 0.5%/yr for aspirin). After adjustment for treatment adherence, recurrent VTE was reduced by 42% (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40–0.85; P=0.005). Prespecified subgroup analyses indicate similar relative, but larger absolute, risk reductions in men and older patients. Conclusions— Aspirin after anticoagulant treatment reduces the overall risk of recurrence by more than a third in a broad cross-section of patients with a first unprovoked VTE, without significantly increasing the risk of bleeding. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: www.anzctr. org.au. Unique identifier: ACTRN12611000684921.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Two distinct regions of Mto1 are required for normal microtubule nucleation and efficient association with the gamma-tubulin complex in vivo

SUMMARY Cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe involves the interacting proteins Mto1 and Mto2, which are thought to recruit the γ -tubulin complex ( γ -TuC) to prospective microtubule organizing centers. Mto1 contains a short amino-terminal region (CM1) that is conserved in higher eukaryotic proteins implicated in microtubule organization, centrosome function and/or brain development. Here we show that mutations in the Mto1 CM1 region generate mutant proteins that are functionally null for cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation and interaction with the γ -TuC (phenocopying mto1 Δ ), even though the Mto1-mutant proteins localize normally in cells and can bind Mto2. Interestingly, the CM1 region is not sufficient for efficient interaction with the γ -TuC. Mutation within a different region of Mto1, outside CM1, abrogates Mto2 binding and also impairs cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation and Mto1 association with the γ -TuC. However, this mutation allows limited microtubule nucleation in vivo, phenocopying mto2 Δ rather than mto1 Δ . Further experiments suggest that Mto1 and Mto2 form a complex (Mto1/2 complex) independent of the γ -TuC and that Mto1 and Mto2 can each associate with the γ -TuC in the absence of the other, albeit extremely weakly compared to when both Mto1 and Mto2 are present. We propose that Mto2 acts cooperatively with Mto1 to promote association of Mto1/2 complex with the γ -TuC.
Convalescent plasma for adults with acute COVID-19 respiratory illness (CONCOR-1): Study protocol for an international, multicenter, randomized, open-label trial

Background: Convalescent plasma has been used for numerous viral diseases including influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome and Ebola virus; however, evidence to support its use is weak. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus responsible for the 2019 global pandemic of COVID-19 community acquired pneumonia. We have undertaken a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Methods: CONCOR-1 is an open-label, multicenter, randomized trial. Inclusion criteria include: patients >16 years; admitted to hospital with COVID-19 infection; receiving supplemental oxygen for respiratory complications of COVID-19; and, availability of blood group compatible CCP. Exclusion criteria are: onset of respiratory symptoms more than 12 days prior to randomization; intubated or planned for intubation; and previous severe reactions to plasma. Consenting patients will be randomized 2:1 to receive either approximately 500 mL of CCP or standard of care. CCP will be collected from donors who have recovered from COVID-19 and who have detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies quantified serologically. The primary outcome is intubation or death at Day 30. Secondary outcomes include ventilator free days, length of stay in intensive care or hospital, transfusion reactions, serious adverse events, and reduction in SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Exploratory analyses include patients who received CCP containing high titre antibodies. A sample size of 1200 patients gives 80% power to detect a 25% relative risk reduction assuming a 30% baseline risk of intubation or death at 30 days (two-sided test; α =0.05). An interim analysis and sample size re-estimation will be done by an unblinded independent biostatistician after primary outcome data are available for 50% of the target recruitment (n= 600). Discussion: This trial will determine whether CCP will reduce intubation or death non-intubated adults with COVID-19. The trial will also provide information on the role of and thresholds for SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and neutralization assays for donor qualification.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04348656; registered 16 April 2020; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04348656? term=NCT04348656&draw=2&rank=1
Thermodynamics of mantle minerals - II. Phase equilibria

P>We complete the development and description of a thermodynamic method for the computation of phase equilibria and physical properties of multiphase mantle assemblages. Our previous paper focused on the computation of physical properties. In this paper, our focus shifts to the phase equilibria. We further develop our theory to specify the ideal and excess contributions to solution properties and derive properties of multiphase assemblages. We discuss our global inversion strategy for determining the values of the free parameters in our theory and compare inverted parameter values with expectations based on scaling arguments. Comparisons between our method and experimental phase equilibria data encompass the pressure-temperature regime of Earth's mantle. Finally, we present applications of our method that illustrate how it may be used to explore the origins of mantle structure and mantle dynamics. Continuing rapid advances in experimental and theoretical petrology and mineral physics have motivated an expansion of the scope of our model via the addition of several new phases, and of the soda component: an appendix lists all parameters in our model and references to the experimental and theoretical studies that constrain them. Our algorithm for global minimization of the Gibbs free energy is embodied in a code called HeFESTo, and is detailed in a second appendix.
Modeling of the stability of highly inclined boreholes in anisotropic rock formations

Un modele mathematique des contraintes entourant un sondage pratique dans des roches anisotropes est utilise pour simuler la rupture du sondage (simulation ANISFRAC) et son effondrement (simulation ANISCOLL). Il est applique a la determination de la deformation d'un sondage vertical et des directions de la fracture dans la paroi du sondage
Quartz dissolution and silica deposition in hot-dry-rock geothermal systems

The kinetics of quartz dissolution control the produced fluid dissolved silica concentration in geothermal systems in which the downhole residence time is finite. The produced fluid of the Phase I, Run Segment 5 experimental Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal system at Fenton Hill, NM, was undersaturated with respect to quartz in one pass through the reservoir, suggesting that the rate of granite dissolution governed the outlet dissolved silica concentration in this system. The literature data for the rate of quartz dissolution in water from 65 to 625/sup 0/C is correlated using an empirical rate law which is first order in quartz surface area and degree of undersaturation of the fluid. The Arrhenius plot (ln k vs T/sup -1/) is linear over eight orders of magnitude of the rate constant, verifying the validity of the proposed rate expression. Carefully performed quartz dissolution experiments in the present study duplicated the literature data and completed the data base in the temperature range from 150 to 250/sup 0/C. Identical experiments using crushed granite indicate that the rate of quartz dissolution in the presence of granite could be as much as 1 to 2 orders of magnitude faster than the rates observed in the puremore » quartz experiments. A temperature dependent HDR reservoir model incorporates the quartz dissolution rate law to simulate the dissolved silica behavior during the Fenton Hill Run Segment 5 experiment. For this low-permeability, fracture-dominated reservoir, the assumptions of one-dimensional plug flow through a vertically-inclined rectangular fracture and one-dimensional rock heat conduction perpendicular to the direction of flow are employed. These simplifications lead to an analytical solution for the temperature field in the reservoir. « less
‘We are not eating our own food here’: food security and the cash economy in Eastern Uganda

In this paper we explore changes in agriculture and provisioning in Bunyole County, located in Tororo District on Uganda's eastern border. Since the 1980s parts of the region have experienced a ‘rice boom’ based on the cultivation of paddy rice in irrigated schemes and seasonal swamps. During the same period, the cultivation of cotton, the traditional cash crop, has declined precipitously. Many households in the region are no longer self‐sufficient in food, and food security is a common concern. Drawing both on anthropological field studies in contrasting parts of Bunyole County (1992–3 and 2001–2), as well as long‐term field research in Bunyole that started in 1969, we examine changes in farming systems and land use, in the gender‐based division of labour in family production, and in the interdependence of families and individuals as expressed in social exchange. We trace the increasing importance of trade in food crops of all sorts and in particular the significance for the local rice economy of an emerging year‐round market for agricultural labour. Finally we examine the developing and changing discourse about ‘food’—as a commercial, a nutritional and a symbolic commodity—and the corresponding discourse about ‘money’. We see food security—at household level and in regions—as an outcome of the strategic actions of individuals. However, we also argue that local debates about food security reflect a changing relationship between ‘food’ and ‘money’—a change that involves both social and productive relationships. In eastern Bunyole these changes are expressed in terms of the new rice economy but, we suggest, the changes are more fundamental, and can be seen in many parts of Uganda. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Petrogenesis of diabase from accretionary prism in the southern Qiangtang terrane, central Tibet: Evidence from U–Pb geochronology, petrochemistry and Sr–Nd–Hf–O isotope characteristics

The Bangong–Nujiang suture (BNS) between the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes is an important boundary and its petrogenesis is controversial. Diabase from the accretionary prism in the southern Qiangtang terrane yields a zircon U–Pb age of 181.3 ± 1.4 Ma. All the diabases show tholeiitic basalt compositions, gentle enrichment patters of light rare earth elements (REE), variable enrichment in incompatible element concentrations (e.g. Th and Rb), and no anomaly in high field strength elements (e.g. Nb and Ta), similar to that of enriched mid‐ocean ridge basalt (E‐MORB). They have relatively homogeneous whole rock Nd (εNd(t) = 7.3–9.1) and zircon Hf–O isotopic compositions (εHf(t) = 14.8–16.1, and δ18O = 4.57–6.12‰), possibly indicating melting of the depleted mantle and no significant crustal contamination during the petrogenesis. The element variations suggest that the diabases were formed by plume–ridge interaction at a mid‐ocean ridge within the Bangong–Nujiang ocean.