Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Initiation of in-plane shear instability under slip-dependent friction

We study the initiation of an unstable homogeneous elastodynamic inplane shear process under slip-weakening friction. We assume a linear dependency of the friction at the beginning of the slip, and we make an eigenvalue analysis in the time domain. We prove that two types of eigenvalue are possible. With the first type, the eigenvalues have a negative square and represent the wave part of the solution. With the second type, they have a positive square and lead to the dominant part of the solution. We use a classical method based on the normalization of the dominant eigenfunctions in order to give the analytical expression of the dominant part of the solution. This analysis shows that the response of the dominant part will develop on a continuous but limited spectral domain. This limit depends on the weakening of the friction and a coefficient including the ratio of P-wave velocity to S-wave velocity. We also show that the exponential growth of the dominant part is directly linked to the weakening and the S-wave velocity. Using the expression of the dominant part, we give an estimation of the time of initiation for the crack to reach the steady propagation stage. We perform numerical tests with a finite-difference method and show very good agreement between the analytical dominant part of the solution and the complete numerical solution. Finally, in our case, where the initial stress is equal to the static admissible load, we study the crack propagation and observe that the crack tips travel asymptotically at P-wave velocity after a short time of apparent P supersonic velocity. The numerical results show that the linearized dynamic description is also valid ahead the crack tips in the propagation regime.
A Multiscale Reexamination of the Pacific–South American Pattern

AbstractThe authors undertake a multiscale spectral reexamination of the variability of the Pacific–South American (PSA) pattern and the mechanisms by which this variability occurs. Time scales from synoptic to interannual are investigated, focusing on the means by which tropical variability is communicated to the midlatitudes and on in situ forcing within the midlatitude waveguides. Particular interest is paid to what fraction of the total variability associated with the PSA, occurring on interannual time scales, is attributable to tropical forcing relative to that occurring on synoptic and intraseasonal time scales via internal waveguide dynamics. In general, it is found that the eastward-propagating wave train pattern typically associated with the PSA manifests across time scales from synoptic to interannual, with the majority of the variability occurring on synoptic-to-intraseasonal time scales largely independent of tropical convection. It is found that the small fraction of the total variance with a.
An experimental investigation of the bond performance of BFRP bars with recycled-aggregate concrete of different particle sizes

Abstract The pull-out test was performed in this study to investigate the bond performance between basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars and recycled concrete. Three factors were considered: aggregate size (5–10 mm, 11–15 mm, and 16–20 mm), bond anchorage length of bars (3D, 5D, and 7D), and the recycled aggregate replacement rate (0%, 30%, 60%, and 100%). The bond–slip mechanism, failure mode, bond stress distribution, and bond–slip curves were all analysed. Based on the results, it was found that situations with a high recycled aggregate replacement rate, large aggregate particle sizes, or long bond lengths have an increased likelihood of experiencing splitting failure. As the aggregate size increases, the bond strength between the BFRP bars and the concrete would also increase, in ordinary concrete, a 22.54% increase was observed, whereas in recycled concrete, the maximum increase reached 48.20%. The effect would be more pronounced on recycled concrete compared to ordinary concrete, and it would also be more significant in specimens with BFRP bars compared to steel bars. Additionally, the optimal bond anchorage length was determined to be 5D. The bond strength exhibited a trend of decrease followed by an increase as the recycled aggregate replacement rate increased. The maximum reduction of 59.7% in bond strength was observed when the replacement rate of recycled aggregate reached 60%. Moreover, when the replacement rate of recycled aggregate increased to 100%, there was a decrease of 19.05% in bond strength compared to the specimen without recycled aggregates. Based on the experimental test data and existing models, an improved two-stage bond–slip constitutive model was proposed.
Adaptive Identification for Factor Model with Jump Processes

This paper treats the (cid:12)ltering and parameter identi(cid:12)-cation for the stochastic hyperbolic systems with jump noise processes. The physical situation of this model can be found in (cid:12)nance problem, e.g., the term structure of the bonds is a typical example. It is well-known that the (cid:12)ltering algorithm including jump processes is not possible to be a closed form like Kalman (cid:12)lter. We eliminate the jump process from the system dynamics by using one observation data and convert the system to the Gaussian frame work. After deriving the Kalman (cid:12)lter and the related likelihood function, the adaptive estimation algorithm is constructed with the aid of parallel (cid:12)ltering scheme. Some numerical exam-ples are demonstrated.
A compactification of the set of sequences of positive real numbers with applications to limits of graphs

We introduce compactification results on the set of sequences of positive real numbers: under the continuum hypothesis, one can find a totally ordered set of sequences whose elements can be used as test sequences to capture every possible asympthotic growth, perhaps along a subsequence; this behaviour mimics the statement that, in a compact set of $\mathbb{R}$, every sequence has a convergent partial subsequence. These compactification results allows us to unify two notions of convergence for graphs into a single graph-convergence notion, while retaining the property that each sequence of graphs have a convergent partial subsequence. These convergent notions are the Benjamini-Schramm convergence for bounded degree graphs, regarding the distribution of r-neighbourhoods of the vertices, and the left-convergence for dense graphs, regarding the existence, for each fixed graph $F$, of a limiting probability that a random mapping from $F$ to $\{G_i\}$ is a graph homomorphism.
Cycle Partition of Dense Regular Digraphs and Oriented Graphs

Magnant and Martin~\cite{PathCover} conjectured that every $d$-regular graph on $n$ vertices can be covered by $n/(d+1)$ vertex-disjoint paths. Gruslys and Letzter~\cite{GruslysLetzter} verified this conjecture in the dense case, even for cycles rather than paths. We prove the analogous result for directed graphs and oriented graphs, that is, for all $\alpha>0$, there exists $n_0=n_0(\alpha)$ such that every $d$-regular digraph on $n$ vertices with $d \ge \alpha n $ can be covered by at most $n/(d+1)$ vertex-disjoint cycles. Moreover if $G$ is an oriented graph, then $n/(2d+1)$ cycles suffice. This also establishes Jackson‘s long standing conjecture~\cite{JacksonConjecture} for large $n$ that every $d$-regular oriented graph on $n$ vertices with $n\leq 4d+1$ is Hamiltonian.
Two‐dimensional multichannel bandpass filter bank with improved fractional bandwidth and selectivity

This letter presents a six‐channel bandpass filter bank created on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with improved bandwidth and frequency selectivity on the lower band. Through SIW square cavities and slant slots, a two‐dimensional multichannel bandpass filter bank with a transmission zero constructed with the SIW orthogonal resonant modes is produced. The substrate integrated square cavity approach is used to achieve the propagation of the two orthogonal‐oriented transverse electric modes, TE102 and TE201, which resonate on the same frequency and bandwidth, depending on the location of the feed ports. The bandwidth could be altered by the coupling matrix synthesis and coupling windows. Better transmission and bandpass responses are produced in each channel when the feed ports and coupling gaps are positioned and appropriately adjusted. However, a pair of slot lines are imprinted along each cavity's designated diagonal to guarantee better isolation while attaining an increased fractional bandwidth. A 3 × 3 array of six bandpass filters with a center frequency of 8.65 GHz has been built, simulated, and measured to establish the suggested technique. Low insertion loss, high return loss, high isolation, an improved fractional bandwidth, and a compact device were the proposal's advantages.
Smoked-breaded restructured products from minced Cayman yacare meat, Brazilian Pantanal

Residues from Cayman farming processing are usually designated to animal feed. Due to its high nutritional value, the use of those residues as restructured products in human alimentation can beneficial as another source of revenue to alliagator farmers. In this study was evaluated composition and acceptance of a smoked-breaded restructured product (nuggets) elaborated with minced Cayman yacare meat. The product was submitted to two smoking processes to further enhance palatability (liquid and powder smoke). The products are composed in 61.30% moisture, 18.27% crude protein, 10.32% total lipids, 2.54% mineral matter and 7.85% carbohydrates, with no difference between the treatments. Colorimetry showed an average red intensity (a*) 17.85, and a yellow intensity (b*) 23.75, with an average luminosity (L*) 51.94 between the two smoking methods. Score for sensory parameters were all above 7 on a hedonic scale 1 to 9, and for purchase intent, the score was 4, whose scale used was 5 points. With these results, the analysed product is considered to have high market potential. In conclusion, the product developed was well accepted and with high nutritional value that can used as an alternative to meat generated in Cayman yacare deboning process.
Dynamo action and magnetic activity during the pre-main sequence: Influence of rotation and structural changes

Abstract During the PMS, structure and rotation rate of stars evolve significantly. We wish to assess the consequences of these drastic changes on stellar dynamo, internal magnetic field topology and activity level by mean of HPC simulations with the ASH code. To answer this question, we develop 3D MHD simulations that represent specific stages of stellar evolution along the PMS. We choose five different models characterized by the radius of their radiative zone following an evolutionary track, from 1 Myr to 50 Myr, computed by a 1D stellar evolution code. We introduce a seed magnetic field in the youngest model and then we spread it through all simulations. First of all, we study the consequences that the increase of rotation rate and the change of geometry of the convective zone have on the dynamo field that exists in the convective envelop. The magnetic energy increases, the topology of the magnetic field becomes more complex and the axisymmetric magnetic field becomes less predominant as the star ages. The computation of the fully convective MHD model shows that a strong dynamo develops with a ratio of magnetic to kinetic energy reaching equipartition and even super-equipartition states in the faster rotating cases. Magnetic fields resulting from our MHD simulations possess a mixed poloidal-toroidal topology with no obvious dominant component. We also study the relaxation of the vestige dynamo magnetic field within the radiative core and found that it satisfies stability criteria. Hence it does not experience a global reconfiguration and instead slowly relaxes by retaining its mixed poloidal-toroidal topology.
Prevalence of psychological violence in young people in the south of Spain: Implications for prevention

The present study shows the prevalence of psychological violence received across ten dimensions in young people aged 18 to 25 years (55.8% female) and the perception of severity, in order to design more effective dating violence prevention programs. We used a sample taken in southern Spain of 771 people. The instrument used was an adaptation of Perceived Gender Violence Scale (VGP), a perception of dating violence scales towards women through 47 behaviours. It was adapted to assess psychological violence received in men and women, maintaining psychometric properties from original (α > .94) and a factor analysis without rotation resulting in a KMO-Barlett . 94. The results show that 84.4% of women and 80.2% of men have received some type of psychological violence behaviour from their last partners. The most frequent are Affective indifference (67.7%), Discrediting (51.8%) and Control (50.6%), followed by Emotional manipulation and Sexual pressure. Differences were found by age, with more frequent at the age of 20 years old. Differences were found by sex in the type of psychological violence received, but the most important predictor variables were having a current partner (β = 17.7; p < .001; R2 = .07): where women with a partner perceive a lower level of violence received. The data suggest that it is necessary to incorporate these behaviours to be developed as contents in prevention programs; the research provides the most frequent behaviors.
Bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization for strut-and-tie modelling of three-dimensional structural concrete

ABSTRACT This article presents a method for the automatic generation of optimal strut-and-tie models in reinforced concrete structures using a bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization method. The methodology presented is developed for compliance minimization relying on the Abaqus finite element software package. The proposed approach deals with the generation of truss-like designs in a three-dimensional environment, addressing the design of corbels and joints as well as bridge piers and pile caps. Several three-dimensional examples are provided to show the capabilities of the proposed framework in finding optimal strut-and-tie models in reinforced concrete structures and verifying its efficiency to cope with torsional actions. Several issues relating to the use of the topology optimization for strut-and-tie modelling of structural concrete, such as chequerboard patterns, mesh-dependency and multiple load cases, are studied. In the last example, a design procedure for detailing and dimensioning of the strut-and-tie models is given according to the American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318-08 provisions.
Numerical investigation of the bubble growth in horizontal rectangular microchannels

ABSTRACT To explore the mechanism of flow boiling in microchannels, the processes of a single-vapor bubble evaporating and two lateral bubbles merging in a 2D microchannel are investigated. The temperature recovery model based on volume of fluid method is adopted to perform the flow boiling phenomena. The effects of wall superheat, Reynolds number, contact angle, surface tension, and two-bubble merger on heat transfer are discussed. Wall superheat dominates the bubble growth and is roughly proportional to wall heat flux. The update of velocity and temperature fields’ distribution in the channel increases with increasing inflow Reynolds number, which improves the wall heat flux markedly. Besides, the area of thin liquid film between the wall and the bubble is enlarged by reducing the contact angle, thus, expanding the wall heat flux several times compared with the single-phase cross section. However, variation of surface tension (0.0589, 0.1 N/m) is found to be insignificant.
Penalized weighted least absolute deviation regression

In a linear model where the data is contaminated or the random error is heavy-tailed, least absolute deviation (LAD) regression has been widely used as an alternative approach to least squares (LS) regression. However, it is well known that LAD regression is not robust to outliers in the explanatory variables. When the data includes some leverage points, LAD regression may perform even worse than LS regression. In this manuscript, we propose to improve LAD regression in a penalized weighted least absolute deviation (PWLAD) framework. The main idea is to associate each observation with a weight reﬂecting the degree of outlying and leverage eﬀect and obtain both the weight and coeﬃcient vector estimation simultaneously and adaptively. The proposed PWLAD is able to provide regression coeﬃcients estimate with strong robustness, and perform outlier detection at the same time, even when the random error does not have ﬁnite variances. We provide suﬃcient conditions under which PWLAD is able to identify true outliers consistently. The performance of the proposed estimator is demonstrated via extensive simulation studies and real examples.
Mitigation Strategies in Colloquial Conversations: A Contrastive Approach in European, Cuban, Mexican, Argentinian and Chilean Spanish

This paper compares the pragmatic mitigation strategies used by speakers of five geographic varieties of Spanish: European, Cuban, Mexican, Argentinian and Chilean Spanish. Mitigation can be understood as a pragmatic strategy arising from face-protection needs that seeks to reduce possible adverse effects on the satisfactory progress of communication. The data are drawn from the Ameresco corpus of colloquial conversations, and the analysis includes four kinds of parameters: linguistic, pragmatic, and socio-situational. The study explores the functions and frequency of use of mitigation, speakers’ and hearers’ exposure to social and relational risks, the degree of their commitment in interaction, and the most productive resources observed in each variety. The results show convergences and divergences in the use of mitigation in these geographical areas, providing a picture of dialectal and sociolectal patterns here. The study concludes that mitigation varies according to the priorities of face needs in each speech community.
Thickening the border: a transnational sovereign assemblage and the privatization of sovereignty

Australia, the United States, and the European Union enact bordering mechanisms to armor themselves against people who seek asylum transferring the burden of enforcement and containment to countries from the Global South. This configuration reinscribes a regime of limited mobility for certain subjects that reproduces a neocolonial order. The measures developed by these regions to keep people who seek asylum away from their territories thicken the border by effectively creating an overarching transnational sovereign zone that is not country-specific but rather an assemblage of Western countries’ buffer zones. Although the result is a fairly monolithic barrier for refugees, this assemblage is not homogeneous in structure but is instead composed of differently balanced, dyadic relations between countries, heterogeneous dehumanizing narratives prevalent among domestic publics, externalization measures, confinement practices, and other deterrence mechanisms, with different degrees of reach and success. Using a transnational feminist lens and a Critical Border Studies framework, this article shows how the border externalization measures that uphold this assembly rely on public-private partnerships that governments establish with private corporations; and agreements with third countries. The privatization of sovereignty then become the necessary conditions to exercise transnational sovereignty.
A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF NON-ACCOUNTING STUDENTS PERCEPTION TOWARDS INTRODUCTORY ACCOUNTING COURSE AMONG PRIVATE INSTITUTION IN SABAH

The introductory accounting course is mostly covered at undergraduate level as one of the core courses in many business degree programmes for both public and private institution in Malaysia. This research came to the attention of the researcher due to the studentâ€™s poor performance, repeats and pre-conceive accounting as difficult and unattainable. The aim of this paper is to examine the perception of non-accounting students in introductory accounting course among private institution. A study was carried out covering 244 students from 8 different private institution in Sabah. The study focused mainly on aspects of program structure, assessment and external factor. Our preliminary descriptive findings suggest that the criteria of program structure have no effect towards their perception of introductory accounting course. Meanwhile for the assessment factor, time allocated during final examination, assessment which need to be matched with the course outcome and marks allocated address no impacts against their perceived perceptions. Yet, a small number of students strongly agree with the statement that the language/terms used in the questions are not understandable, the format of exam question do not consistent with the past year exam and exam questions are not clearly structured. External factors of family, facilities, transportation and relationship problems revealed no importance. The non-accounting student perceived these external factors to be insignificant in influencing their decision whether accounting course is acceptable or not in their learning environment. However, a big number of students perceived financial problems to be an important factor. Finally, results revealed that students are generally still in favour with the assessment and program structure of introductory accounting course.
The impact of hypoxia-inducible factors in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases: a link through cell metabolism

Kidneys are sensitive to disturbances in oxygen homeostasis. Hypoxia and activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway alter the expression of genes involved in the metabolism of renal and immune cells, interfering with their functioning. Whether the transcriptional activity of HIF protects the kidneys or participates in the pathogenesis of renal diseases is unclear. Several studies have indicated that HIF signaling promotes fibrosis in experimental models of kidney disease. Other reports showed a protective effect of HIF activation on kidney inflammation and injury. In addition to the direct effect of HIF on the kidneys, experimental evidence indicates that HIF-mediated metabolic shift activates inflammatory cells, supporting the HIF cascade as a link between lung or gut damage and worsening of renal disease. Although hypoxia and HIF activation are present in several scenarios of renal diseases, further investigations are needed to clarify whether interfering with the HIF pathway is beneficial in different pathological contexts.
Implementation of Work Discipline in the HERO Division (Head of Rengasdengklok Representative Office) of PT Telkom Karawang

This study aims to determine the application of work discipline at PT. Telkom Karawang Hero Hero Division (Head of Rengasdengklok Representative Office) as well as knowing the factors that cause employee discipline to decrease, and knowing the implementation that must be carried out at PT. Telkom Karawang Division Hero Hero (Head of Rengasdengklok Representative Office). This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews. Sources of data used in this study are primary and secondary data. data analysis technique used is data reduction and data display. The results of this study are the implementation carried out at work at PT. Telkom Karawang Hero Division (Head of Rengasdengklok Representative Office) is good enough, but it is undeniable that there are still employees who are not disciplined with regulations. This can be seen from the factors that reduce employee discipline, namely the lack of a leadership role in motivating employees, While the implementation that must be done is to optimize the leadership role in motivating employees, supervision is also given every day and compensation or rewards can be given to employees so that the level of employee discipline increases and produces optimal performance.