Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Note on Diversity of Aquatic Insects in Rivers of Royal Belum State Park, Perak

Royal Belum State Park is one of the oldest, protected and pristine land masses that joins hundreds of small tributaries that feed Lake Temenggor. A scientific expedition was conducted, and the diversity of aquatic insects was studied. Five rivers namely Sungai Ta Ng, Sungai Papan, Sungai Gen, Sungai Ruok and Sungai Rambutan were chosen. A kick-sampling technique was deployed to collect the aquatic insect larvae. The study recorded a total of 42 families and 61 genera of aquatic insects which Sungai Papan has the largest number of taxa recorded (18 families, 26 genera). The number of intolerant taxa (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera; EPT) in Sungai Papan was substantial (15 genera). Odonata was discovered to be the most diverse order (13 genera), followed by Ephemeroptera (10 genera) and Trichoptera (10 genera). The findings provided a concise richness of aquatic insects, which might serve as a good tool for evaluating the conservation needs of the area.
Microeconomic theory: basic principles and extensions

PART 1: INTRODUCTION. 1. Economic Models. 2. Mathematics used in Microeconomics. PART 2: CHOICE AND DEMAND. 3. Preferences and Utility. 4. Utility Maximization and Choice. 5. Income and Substitution Effects. 6. Demand Relationships Among Goods. 7. Uncertainty and Information. 8. Strategy and Game Theory. PART 3: PRODUCTION AND SUPPLY. 9. Production Functions. 10. Cost Functions. 11. Profit Maximization. PART 4: COMPETITIVE MARKETS. 12. The Partial Equilibrium Competitive Market. 13. General Equilibrium and Welfare. PART 5: MARKET POWER. 14. Monopoly. 15. Imperfect Competition. PART 6: PRICING IN INPUT MARKETS. 16. Labor Markets. 17. Capital and Time. PART 7: MARKET FAILURE. 18. Asymmetric Information. 19. Externalities and Public Goods.
An Approximate Analytical Solution of the Fractional Diffusion Equation with External Force and Different Type of Absorbent Term - Revisited

In this article Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) is applied to obtain an approximate analytical solution of a fractional diffusion equation with an external force and a reaction term different from the reaction term used by Das and Gupta (2010). The anomalous behavior of diffusivity in presence or absence of linear external force due to the presence of this force of reaction term are obtained and presented graphically.
Investigating unsteady secondary flows in a linear low pressure turbine cascade: A combined experimental and numerical study

The effects of unsteady incoming wakes on the secondary flow in a linear low pressure turbine cascade, named T106, were investigated by experiments in a high speed cascade wind tunnel and by U-RANS simulations. In this paper, results of a variety of cases with different Strouhal numbers and flow coefficients were compared and the differences analysed. The upstream incoming wakes in the experiment were generated by a wake generator and were considered in the CFD simulations likewise. The computations have been conducted using the flow solver TRACE. Time-averaged and time-accurate ensemble averaged experimental data permit the evaluation of the numerical U-RANS predictions for some of the investigated con- figurations. 3D CTA hot-wire traverses downstream the cascade permit to analyse the velocity and the turbulent flow field for the investigated configurations. Results of a newly implemented fast response total pressure probe allow to compare the relative unsteady ensemble averaged fluctuations to the CFD results downstream of the cascade.
On the Polarity of the Electric Charges on snow Crystals of the Various Shapes

Some observations in the field of cloud physics and atmospheric electricity were carried out when the author was a member of the wintering party of the 9th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition at Syowa Station, Antarctica throughout the whole year from February 1968 to January 1969. Especially, a simultaneous observation of electric charges on natural falling snow crystals, the shapes of snow crystals and electric field strength were selected from a view point of importance and interest of the charge generation in clouds. As a result, a very interesting phenomenon was found in which the electric polarity of snow crystals of dendrite, sector and plate was negative and the polarity of snow crystals of column, combination of bullets and side plane was positive. Taking into account that the temperature range of the growth of dendrite, sector and plate is roughly between -10* and -20* and that of the other three shapes of snow crystals are between -20* and -35*, it would be appropriate to assume a positive polarity of a thundercloud and other electrified clouds with solid precipitation particles. In other words, it may be considered that negative and positive charge centers in the cloud volume are located around the -15* level and the -25* to 35* level, respectively. These temperature ranges coincide with Takahashi's observation (1965) using an electric charge sonde, in which he reported that positive charged particles were observed at a temperature range between -18* and -39* and negative charged particles were present at a range between 0* and -18*.
UCE phylogenomics, biogeography, and classification of long-horned bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Eucerini), with insights on using specimens with extremely degraded DNA

Long-horned bees (Apidae, Eucerini) are found in different biomes worldwide and include some important crop pollinators. In the Western Hemisphere, Eucerini received extensive taxonomic study during the twentieth century, resulting in several revisions of its genera. In contrast, progress on eucerine phylogenetic research and the genus-level classification has been slow, primarily due to the relatively homogeneous external morphology within the tribe and the rarity of many of its species in collections. Here, we present a comprehensive phylogenetic study of Eucerini based on ultraconserved elements, including 153 species from nearly all genera and subgenera and from all biogeographic regions where they occur. Many of these specimens are from museums and were collected as far back as 1909. We discuss the challenges of working with specimens with highly degraded DNA, present insights into improving phylogenetic results for both species-tree and concatenation approaches, and present a new pipeline for UCE curation (Curation of UltraconseRved Elements—CURE). Our results show the existence of seven main lineages in Eucerini and most of the genera and subgenera to be reciprocally monophyletic. Using a comprehensive and up-to-date phylogenetic framework, we: (1) propose taxonomic changes, including a new subtribal classification and reorganized generic and subgeneric limits; (2) estimate divergence times; and (3) conduct a detailed exploration of historical biogeography of long-horned bees. We find that eucerine lineages expanded their range onto most continents only after their initial diversification in southern South America during the Eocene.
A Novel Wavelet Based Approach for Time Series Data Analysis

Time series analysis is still a very wide field of research from both a theoretical point of view as well as amongst practitioners. Among the very first tasks in the analysis procedure is the estimation of long-term trends, that is, the separation of this generally slowly evolving component from any short-term fluctuations. Usually, the trend curve, which in most cases is expected to be smooth, can be extracted by a variety of different methods. However, in many application scenarios the trend must also account for sudden changes. These sudden changes comprise of not only jumps, but also other phenomena like steep slopes and valleys. This challenge constitutes an on-going problem for traditional trend estimation methods. While established filtering techniques either fail to capture these sudden changes accurately or are sensitive to high-amplitude fluctuations, the application of parametric methods is challenging due to the generally unknown trend and the innumerable shapes that these sudden changes can assume. This thesis proposes a trend extraction approach based on wavelet methods. The new algorithm, named local linear scaling approximation (LLSA), is developed by analyzing specific wavelet coefficient step response structures and by transferring these structures onto real signals. This procedure enables the analyst to extract a trend whose smoothness is comparable to the output of linear filtering techniques, while at the same time capturing the details of sudden changes with arbitrary shapes, an area in which usually most nonlinear filters excel. Therefore, LLSA can be seen as a novel approach to bridge the gap between linear and nonlinear filters. The algorithm was developed to be applicable on homogeneous time series without any further requirements on these, and to work with only two additional input parameters, which can also be set in a heuristic manner, yielding a directly implementable and usable method.
Extrapolating Presidential State of the Nation Addresses on Sports and Physical Education: An Analysis Using Voyant Tools

Purpose – The study sought to examine the substantive declaration in six Philippine presidents’ State of the Nation Addresses (SONA) from 1987 to 2022 regarding strategic directions and action programs on the future of sports and physical education (SPE). Method – Through text analysis, the researchers selected the terms using quasi-statistics based on the following elements, included in Article IV, Section 19 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution: self-discipline, teamwork, excellence, and a healthy and alert citizenry. Results – As a result, Corazon Aquino’s SONA appears to have the most mentioned words regarding the cited themes and their synonyms based on her speech from 1987 to 1992, at a rate of 90%. However, the state and direction of Philippine SPE were not fully conveyed in most of the President s’ SONAs, but they expressed their support through declarations of programs. One of the most remarkable moments in Philippine sports was when President Duterte empowered the National Academy of Sports (NAS) as part of his SONA implications for the development of sports in the country, in which he integrated a customized sports curriculum to support young Filipino players in developing their athletic abilities. Conclusion – Hence, regardless of the President s’ SONAs, various themes and the milestones of Philippine sports in each administration since the 1987 Constitution have changed over time. Recommendations – Policy-makers and other stakeholders involved in the promotion of SPE may utilize the implications of the study to establish a comprehensive roadmap anchored on the remarkable accomplishments of previous Philippine presidents that will lay the foundation for a strong future for sports and physical education in the Philippines.
DNA Repair Inhibitors: Potential Targets and Partners for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy

The present review aims to explore the potential targets/partners for future targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) strategies, wherein cancer cells often are not killed effectively, despite receiving a high average tumor radiation dose. Here, we shall discuss the key factors in the cancer genome, especially those related to DNA damage response/repair and maintenance systems for escaping cell death in cancer cells. To overcome the current limitations of TRT effectiveness due to radiation/drug-tolerant cells and tumor heterogeneity, and to make TRT more effective, we propose that a promising strategy would be to target the DNA maintenance factors that are crucial for cancer survival. Considering their cancer-specific DNA damage response/repair ability and dysregulated transcription/epigenetic system, key factors such as PARP, ATM/ATR, amplified/overexpressed transcription factors, and DNA methyltransferases have the potential to be molecular targets for Auger electron therapy; moreover, their inhibition by non-radioactive molecules could be a partnering component for enhancing the therapeutic response of TRT.
Precursors and Outcomes of Perceived Value in B2B Banking Services: A Nomological Framework

Abstract This paper aims to test a nomological network of the precursors (perceived price, price fairness, and service quality) and the multi-dimensional outcomes (economic satisfaction and non-economic satisfaction; behavioral and attitudinal loyalty) of micro-enterprise customers’ perception of value. Structural equation modeling was used to test a research model and two rival models from data collected from 381 micro-enterprise banking customers. The results show that, by charging fair prices, banks will increase not only micro-enterprises’ positive perceptions of price and service quality, but also their perceptions of value. Positive value perceptions result in greater economic and non-economic satisfaction. This then results in loyalty in both the attitudinal and behavioral senses. Economic satisfaction should first be attained before micro-enterprise customers will be non-economically satisfied and show attitudinal loyalty before behavioral loyalty.
ChatGPT for teachers: Practical examples for utilizing artificial intelligence for educational purposes

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically ChatGPT, has the potential to revolutionize medical education by acting as an interactive virtual tutor and personalized learning assistant. It may help both teachers and students in various ways. Objective: The objective of this article is to provide practical examples of the utilization of ChatGPT for educational purposes in the context of teaching. Materials and Methods: The article presents various scenarios and applications where ChatGPT can be effectively employed by teachers. These examples are based on real-world experiences and observations, showcasing the potential of AI in enhancing educational practices. Results: The article demonstrates how ChatGPT can serve as a valuable tool for teachers in preparation of presentation slide, formulating essay-type, multiple choice, and viva questions, answering students' queries, making customized content for students according to comprehension capability, evaluation of answers, creating case vignette, plan a lesson, or create contents for blended learning. Conclusion: The findings of this article emphasize the practical implications and benefits of utilizing ChatGPT for educational purposes. Teachers who are overburdened with academic loads can take help from the program. However, teachers must use it with caution as the content created by ChatGPT may have errors or have scientific inaccuracy. Future research should focus on exploring the long-term effects and pedagogical strategies for effective implementation of ChatGPT in educational settings.
The Need for Orthodontic Therapy forChildren and Adolescents in the Health Center Mostar According to the IOTN Index

_ ABSTRACT Background: Orthodontic anomalies or malocclusions are modifications in the development of the orofacial system, caused by genetic, environmental or evolutionary factors. Methods : The purpose of the research is to determine the need for orthodontic therapy with regard to gender and age characteristics. The sample consisted of 46 children aged 10-13 and 30 adolescents, aged 14-16, who use the services of the Health Center in Mostar. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) which consists of a dental health component (IOTN-DHC) and an aesthetic component (IOTN-AC) was used. Seventy-six participants who had not previously undergone orthodontic therapy were examined. An assessment of the need for orthodontic therapy was made by two examiners across both IOTN components.
The Development of Methods for the Production of New Molecular Vaccines and Appropriate RNA Fragments to Counteract Unwanted Genes: A Pilot Study

The potential of viruses as appropriate vectors for the development of new therapeutic strategies, as well as for the design of molecular (DNA, RNA, and/or protein) vaccines via substitution of nucleotide sequences, has been proven. Among the most appropriate DNA and/or RNA fragments, members belonging to families Parvoviridae (particularly adeno-associated virus, AAV) and Poxviridae have frequently been suggested for this purpose. In previous studies, the vaccine avipoxvirus strains FK (fowl) and Dessau (pigeon) have been proven able to infect mammalian cells (as well as avian cells), and to replicate productively in a small number of them; thus, we may be able to adapt them using incubation, and in these conditions. Additionally, we have previously proved, based on AAV recombinant DNA vectors, that it is possible to transfer appropriate genes of interest via mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). In the current study, we develop methods for the application of the same vaccine avipoxviral strains, based on the AAV DNA genome recombinant constructs, to be used for gene transfer in cells, for the transfer of DNA and/or RNA fragments (for the suppression of unwanted viral and/or cellular genes), and for the production of molecular (DNA, RNA, and/or protein) anti-cancer and anti-viral vaccines. To this end, sub-populations of embryonic mammalian cells infected with the two forms of both vaccine avipoxviral strains were frozen in the presence of cryo-protector dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), subsequently thawed, and re-incubated. In most cases, the titers of the intra-cellular forms of the two strains were higher than those of their extra-cellular forms. These data were explained by the probable existence of the intra-cellular forms as different sub-forms, including those integrated in the cellular genome proviruses at a given stage of the cellular infection, and suggest the possibility of transferring nucleotide (DNA and/or RNA) fragments between cellular and viral genomes; this is due to the influence of activated fusion processes on DMSO, as well as drastic temperature variations.
A Comparison of Reading and Math Achievement for African American Third Grade Students in Montessori and Other Magnet Schools

Abstract:Montessori programs are expanding in public schools, serving a large proportion of African American students. Although recent Montessori research has focused on diverse public school populations, few studies have examined outcomes for African American students at the lower elementary level. This quasi-experimental study compares reading and math achievement for African American third grade students in public Montessori and other magnet schools in a large, urban district in North Carolina. Scores from end-of-grade state tests of reading and math are compared using a multivariate analysis of covariance. No significant difference in math scores was identified, but students in Montessori schools scored significantly higher in reading. This suggests that Montessori lower elementary instruction may be beneficial for African American students.
Leukopenia in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a single-center cohort of kidney transplant candidates with post-transplantation follow-up

ABSTRACT Background Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has occasionally been associated with lower peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts. This study aimed to investigate the peripheral blood cell counts in a large cohort of kidney transplant recipients before and after kidney transplantation and its potential impact on post-transplant outcomes. Methods This was a retrospective study with long-term follow-up data of 2090 patients who underwent a first kidney transplantation in the Leuven University Hospitals, of whom 392 had ADPKD. Results In total, 2090 patients who underwent a first kidney transplantation in the Leuven University Hospitals were included, of whom 392 had ADPKD. Both pre- and post-transplantation, ADPKD patients had significantly lower total WBC counts, and more specifically lower neutrophil, lymphocyte and eosinophil counts compared with the non-ADPKD patients. This observation was independent of potential confounders such as level of inflammation, smoking habit, vitamins and pre-transplant medication. Overall survival and kidney transplant survival were significantly better in ADPKD vs non-ADPKD transplant recipients and a longer time to first infection was observed. However, no association between blood cell counts and outcome differences was found. Conclusions In conclusion, this large single-center study reports a strong and independent association between ADPKD and lower peripheral WBC counts both before and after kidney transplantation. Considering the role of inflammation in disease progression, further investigation into the role of WBC in ADPKD is needed.
Short-term prediction of extreme sea-level at

We have designed a machine-learning method to predict the occurrence of extreme sea-level at the Baltic Sea coast with lead times of a few days. The method is based on a Random Forest Classifier and uses sea level pressure, surface wind, precipitation, and the prefilling state of the Baltic Sea as predictors for daily sea level above the 95% quantile at seven tide-gauge stations representative of the Baltic coast. 5 The method is purely data-driven and is trained with sea-level data from the Global Extreme Sea Level Analysis (GESLA) data set and from the meteorological reanalysis ERA5 of the European Centre for Mid-range Weather Forecasting. These records cover the period from 1960 to 2020 using one part of them to train the classifier and another part to estimate its out-of-sample prediction skill. The method is able to satisfactorily predict the occurrence of sea-level extremes at lead times of up to 3 days and to identify 10 the relevant predictor regions. The sensitivity, measured as the proportion of correctly predicted extremes is, depending on the stations, of the order of 70%. The proportion of false warnings, related to the specificity of the predictions, is typically as low as 10 to 20%. For lead times longer than 3 days, the predictive skill degrades; for 7 days, it is comparable to a random skill. The importance of each predictor depends on the location of the tide gauge. Usually, the most relevant predictors are sea level pressure, surface wind and prefilling. Extreme sea levels in the Northern Baltic are better predicted by surface pressure 15 and the meridional surface wind component. By contrast, for those located in the south, the most relevant predictors are surface pressure and the zonal wind component. Precipitation was not a relevant predictor for any of the stations analysed. The Random Forest classifier is not required to have considerable complexity and the computing time to issue predictions is typically a few minutes. The method can therefore be used as a pre-warning system triggering the application of more sophisticated algorithms to estimate the height of the ensuing extreme sea level or as a warning to run larger ensembles with 20 physically based numerical models. 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2023-21 Preprint. Discussion started: 21 March 2023 c © Author(s) 2023. CC BY 4.0 License.