Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A single-centre retrospective analysis

Background The severity of disease and mortality due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was found to be high among patients with concurrent medical illnesses. Serum biomarkers can be used to predict the course of COVID-19 pneumonia. Data from India are very scarce about predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients. Methodology In the present retrospective study of 65 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients, we retrieved data regarding clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters, and radiological grading of severity. Further, we also collected data about their hospital course, duration of stay, treatment, and outcome. Data analysis was done to compare the patient characteristics between survivor and non-survivor groups and to assess the predictors of mortality. Results The mean age of the study population was 56.23 years (SD, 12.91) and most of them were males (63%); 81.5% of patients survived and were discharged, whereas 18.5% of patients succumbed to the disease. Univariate analysis across both groups showed that older age, diabetes mellitus, higher computed tomogram (CT) severity score, and raised levels of laboratory parameters viz, D-dimer, CPK-MB (creatine kinase), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were associated with increased mortality among hospitalized patients. On multivariate analysis, elevated levels of serum D-dimer (odds ratio, 95% CI: 10.98, 1.13–106.62, p = 0.04) and LDH (odds ratio, 95% CI: 19.15, 3.28–111.87, p = 0.001) were independently associated with mortality. Conclusion Older patients, diabetics, and patients with high CT severity scores at admission are at increased risk of death from COVID-19. Serum biomarkers such as D-dimer and LDH help in predicting mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Overweight/Obesity in Adolescent School Girls: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kolkata, India

Overweight and obesity in adolescent girls are considered a leading global public health issues in recent times. There is a need to evaluate the potential socioeconomic and behavioural factors behind adolescents’ overweight and obesity in different environmental settings. The present study aims to understand the prevalence of overweight and obesity among urban adolescent school girls and to determine the association between selected socioeconomic and behavioural factors and overweight/obesity. This is a cross-sectional study using a multistage stratified cluster sampling with a sample size of 1041 adolescent girls aged 10 to 18 years from schools of Kolkata, India. Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity were 18.9% and 23.7%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher among those adolescent girls whose parents had completed higher education (49.5%) and had higher monthly per capita household expenditure (48.4%). Stepwise binary logistic regression analysis confirmed that the probability of being overweight/ obese tended to be in adolescents who slept less than 7 hours per day (p<0.001). Overweight /obesity was also higher among those children whose fathers were fatty (p=0.002), taken medicines three months before the survey (p=0.008), and watched television and mobile phones for more than 1 hour a day (p=0.039). Rapid change in modern lifestyles is seemingly decreasing sleep duration in adolescents with subsequent negative impact on their health.
Effects of Processing Limits on Computing Scalar Implicatures: Evidence from Child English and Child Mandarin

ABSTRACT Relatively late mastery of scalar implicatures has been suggested to correlate with children’s immature processing capacities, such as their limited working memory. Yet, many studies that tested for a link between children’s working memory and their computation of scalar implicatures have failed to find any correlation. One possible reason is that the children in these studies showed little individual variation in computing scalar implicatures. The present study therefore tested for an effect of working memory in younger children, who still clearly displayed difficulties with scalar implicatures and showed greater individual variation. Subjects were 4- to 7-year-old children acquiring either English or Mandarin Chinese. A covered-box task was used to investigate the computation of scalar implicatures associated with ‘some’. A digit span task was used to measure their working memory. Neither the Mandarin-speaking children nor the English-speaking children computed scalar implicatures at an adult-like level. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between children’s computation of scalar implicatures and their digit spans. These results have provided new support for a processing approach to the observed late mastery of scalar implicatures.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif menggunakan Ispring suite 10 pada Materi Reproduksi Tumbuhan untuk Mengukur Hasil Belajar

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu terbatasnya media pembelajaran yang digunakan disekolah, khususnya pada materi reproduksi tumbuhan, sehingga dilakukan penggembangan pada sebuah media pembelajaran berupa media pembelajaran interaktif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan validitas, kepraktisan dan keefektifan media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu R&D dengan model pengembangan Tessmer, yang terdiri dari beberapa tahapan diantaranya expert review dengan subjek 3 orang ahli, one-to-one evaluation dengan subjek 3 orang peserta didik kelas VIII SMP, Small group evaluation dengan subjek 10 orang peserta didik kelas VIII SMP dan Field Test dengan subjek 23 orang peserta didik kelas VIII SMP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) validitas media pembelajaran dinyatakan sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata validasi ahli media yaitu 92,82% dan ahli materi yaitu 88%; 2) kepraktisan media pembelajaran dinyatakan sangat praktis dengan persentase rata-rata kepraktisan yaitu 91,3% 3) keefektifan media pembelajaran dinyatakan efektif terkategori sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata ketuntasan yaitu 82,60%. Produk yang dikembangkan diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak positif dalam hal pengukuran hasil belajar peserta didik
The phantom effect of social media: the impact of no “likes” on politicians’ responsiveness to public opinion

ABSTRACT Popularity metrics, such as “likes” are key features in social media (SM). In the political sphere, politicians use popularity metrics as indicators of the extent to which opinions and agendas are widely held by the public. However, popularity metrics have an inherent potential to increase rapidly, making today’s not-so-popular content tomorrow’s potential hit. Hence the lack of popularity indices or their low values may not indicate the full popularity potential of any specific SM content. This is crucial for politicians as they aim to identify and respond to popular public opinions in their constant effort to boost and maintain public support. Considering SM’s ever-growing role in politics, and the significant portion of SM content with no popularity metrics, exploring politicians’ responsiveness to public opinion in SM with and without popularity metrics may shed light on contemporary democratic process and their impact on representation and policy making. Based on Prospect Theory of choice under uncertainty, and the lack of an anchor to base their perception of popularity on, we claim that politicians will be more responsive to public opinion content without “likes” than with “likes. ” Findings of a survey-experiment of 100 Israeli politicians support this claim. Possible implications are discussed.
COME_IN: A qualitative framework for content, meanings and intersubjectivity in free dyadic improvisations

ABSTRACT Introduction A growing body of research reflects the interest in meaningful moments in music therapeutic treatment and the client--therapist relationship; however, little insight has been given into the client’s subjective experience and the interweaving processes between a therapist and a client. Central to this initial research is the question of how dialogue as a substantial relational quality emerges and intersubjectively manifests in free, dyadic improvisations, as is typical in humanistic and/or psychodynamic approaches to music therapy practice. This paper presents the qualitative part of a mixed-methods, multi-phase feasibility study intended to develop a framework for non-clinical and clinical research. Method In a non-clinical setting with adult participants (n=9) and trained music therapists (n=8), a total of 17 free dyadic piano improvisations were recorded and verbally reflected on in semi-structured debriefing interviews. These focused on moments or time periods where one or both improvising people had the feeling that something pivotal happened between them. A qualitative summarizing content analysis of the transcribed interviews, including a selective coding process, was conducted to investigate both perspectives. Results As a two-part category system, the framework for content, meanings and intersubjectivity (COME_IN) covers (a) meanings, i.e. different intra- and interpersonal experiences indicating developments and states of relationship in dyadic improvisations, and (b) intersubjectivity, operationalized in temporal and/or content-related overlaps of subjective experiences. Discussion Showing manifold patterns of how meaning and intersubjectivity nonverbally arise between people, the framework provides a solid base for further mixed-methods analyses. Clinical studies are needed to test and refine the categories.
A rational dynamical-systems approach to plankton population modelling

Understanding the dynamics of plankton populations is of major importance since plankton form the basis of marine food webs throughout the world's oceans and play a significant role in the global carbon cycle. In this thesis we examine the dynamical behaviour of plankton models, exploring sensitivities to the number of variables explicitly modelled, to the functional forms used to describe interactions, and to the parameter values chosen. The practical difficulties involved in data collection lead to uncertainties in each of these aspects of model formulation. The first model we investigate consists of three coupled ordinary differential equations, which measure changes in the concentrations of nutrient, phytoplankton and zooplankton. Nutrient fuels the growth of the phytoplankton, which are in turn grazed by the zooplankton. The recycling of excretion adds feedback loops to the system. In contrast to a previous hypothesis, the three variables can undergo oscillations when a quadratic function for zooplankton mortality is used. The oscillations arise from Hopf bifurcations, which we track numerically as parameters are varied. The resulting bifurcation diagrams show that the oscillations persist over a wide region of parameter space, and illustrate to which parameters such behaviour is most sensitive. The oscillations have a period of about one month, in agreement with some observational data and with output of larger seven-component models. The model also exhibits fold bifurcations, three-way transcritical bifurcations and Bogdanov-Takens bifurcations, resulting in homo clinic connections and hysteresis. Under different ecological assumptions, zooplankton mortality is expressed by a linear function, rather than the quadratic one. Using the linear function does not greatly affect the nature of the Hopf bifurcations and oscillations, although it does eliminate the homoclinicity and hysteresis. We re-examine the influential paper by Steele and Henderson (1992), in which they considered the linear and quadratic mortality functions. We correct an anomalous normalisation, and then use our bifurcation diagrams to interpret their findings. A fourth variable, explicitly modelling detritus (non-living organic matter), is then added to our original system, giving four coupled ordinary differential equations. The dynamics of the new model are remarkably similar to those of the original model, as demonstrated by the persistence of the oscillations and the similarity of the bifurcation diagrams. A second four-component model is constructed, for which zooplankton can graze on detritus in addition to phytoplankton. The oscillatory behaviour is retained, but with a longer period. Finally, seasonal forcing is introduced to all of the models, demonstrating how our dynamical systems approach aids understanding of model behaviour and can assist with model formulation.
Protein PEGylation: Navigating Recombinant Protein Stability, Aggregation, and Bioactivity

Enzymes play a powerful role as catalysts with high specificity and activity under mild environmental conditions. Significant hurdles, such as reduced solubility, reduced shelf-life, aggregate formation, and toxicity, are still ongoing struggles that scientists come across when purifying recombinant proteins. Over the past three decades, PEGylation techniques have been utilized to significantly overcome low solubility; increased protein stability, shelf-life, and bioactivity; and prevented protein aggregate formation. This review seeks to highlight the impact of PEG-based formulations that are significantly utilized to obtain favourable protein physiochemical properties. The authors further discuss other techniques that can be employed such as coexpression studies and nanotechnology-based skills to obtaining favourable protein physiochemical properties.
Poly-separated and ω-stable nilpotent groups

Let π be a set of primes. We will call a group π-separated if it can be decomposed as a central product of a π-torsion group of bounded exponent and a π-radicable group. It is easy to see that an abelian π-separated group can in fact be decomposed as a direct product of bounded and π-radicable factors (Lemma 1.1 below). A poly-π-separated group is one which can be obtained from π-separated groups by forming a finite series of group extensions. We will show here: Theorem 1. Every poly-π-separated nilpotent group is π-separated. The need for such a result arises in model theory in the case that π is the set of all primes, in which case we refer simply to separated and poly-separated groups. In connection with the conjecture that ω-stable simple groups are algebraic, it is useful to have a structure theory for solvable ω-stable groups analogous to the theory available in the algebraic case over algebraically closed fields. In particular the structure of nilpotent ω-stable groups is of interest, for example in connection with the known result [Zi1], [Ne] that the derived subgroup of a connected solvable ω-stable group of finite Morley rank is nilpotent. As a model-theoretic application of Theorem 1 we obtain: Theorem 2. If G is an ω-stable nilpotent group then G may be decomposed as a central product B * D with B and D 0-definable subgroups, B torsion of bounded exponent, and D radicable. In particular, B and D are ω-stable. Furthermore, ω · rk(B ∩ D) ≤ rk D. Corollary. The ω-stable groups of finite Morley rank are exactly the central products B * D of ω-stable nilpotent groups of finite Morley rank with B torsion of bounded exponent, D radicable, and B ∩ D finite. In addition to the purely algebraic Theorem 1, these results depend on Macintyre's characterization [Mac] of the ω-stable abelian groups as exactly the separated ones.
Stochastic Calculus: A Practical Introduction

CHAPTER 1. BROWNIAN MOTION Definition and Construction Markov Property, Blumenthal's 0-1 Law Stopping Times, Strong Markov Property First Formulas CHAPTER 2. STOCHASTIC INTEGRATION Integrands: Predictable Processes Integrators: Continuous Local Martingales Variance and Covariance Processes Integration w.r. t. Bounded Martingales The Kunita-Watanabe Inequality Integration w.r. t. Local Martingales Change of Variables, Ito's Formula Integration w.r. t. Semimartingales Associative Law Functions of Several Semimartingales Chapter Summary Meyer-Tanaka Formula, Local Time Girsanov's Formula CHAPTER 3. BROWNIAN MOTION, II Recurrence and Transience Occupation Times Exit Times Change of Time, Levy's Theorem Burkholder Davis Gundy Inequalities Martingales Adapted to Brownian Filtrations CHAPTER 4. PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS A. Parabolic Equations The Heat Equation The Inhomogeneous Equation The Feynman-Kac Formula B. Elliptic Equations The Dirichlet Problem Poisson's Equation The Schrodinger Equation C. Applications to Brownian Motion Exit Distributions for the Ball Occupation Times for the Ball Laplace Transforms, Arcsine Law CHAPTER 5. STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS Examples Ito's Approach Extension Weak Solutions Change of Measure Change of Time CHAPTER 6. ONE DIMENSIONAL DIFFUSIONS Construction Feller's Test Recurrence and Transience Green's Functions Boundary Behavior Applications to Higher Dimensions CHAPTER 7. DIFFUSIONS AS MARKOV PROCESSES Semigroups and Generators Examples Transition Probabilities Harris Chains Convergence Theorems CHAPTER 8. WEAK CONVERGENCE In Metric Spaces Prokhorov's Theorems The Space C Skorohod's Existence Theorem for SDE Donsker's Theorem The Space D Convergence to Diffusions Examples Solutions to Exercises References Index
Better Angry Than Afraid: The Case of Post Data Breach Emotions on Customer Engagement

Extant research on data breach events primarily focus on the information technology lapses and delayed financial outcomes with less emphasis on the behavior of consumers. Essentially, current research prioritizes the “what” of data breaches, largely ignoring the question of “why. ” Our research seeks to fill a gap in the research design of prior studies on data breaches and customer behaviors by considering the customer emotions of anger and fear. While prior research has focused on anger due to its contagious nature, our results demonstrate that fear is the most influential emotion leading to changed behavior and/or lower revisit intentions. This article employs text and sentiment analysis of consumer responses to a data breach event to determine emotional response and revisit intentions. We find that angry customers may vent but will return with no meaningful change in their behavior. Unlike prior research, we also focus on fear and find that fearful customers retreat and disengage, behaving differently from angry customers. Managerial implications of this research illustrate the need to address fearful customers differently after a data breach to avoid reduced firm interactions and withdrawal behavior as opposed to merely reducing anger in the media as hitherto suggested.
Biomedical Polyurethanes for Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery Systems: A Brief, Comprehensive Review

With the intensive development of polymeric biomaterials in recent years, research using drug delivery systems (DDSs) has become an essential strategy for cancer therapy. Various DDSs are expected to have more advantages in anti-neoplastic effects, including easy preparation, high pharmacology efficiency, low toxicity, tumor-targeting ability, and high drug-controlled release. Polyurethanes (PUs) are a very important kind of polymers widely used in medicine, pharmacy, and biomaterial engineering. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable PUs are a significant group of these biomaterials. PUs can be synthesized by adequately selecting building blocks (a polyol, a di- or multi-isocyanate, and a chain extender) with suitable physicochemical and biological properties for applications in anti-cancer DDSs technology. Currently, there are few comprehensive reports on a summary of polyurethane DDSs (PU-DDSs) applied for tumor therapy. This study reviewed state-of-the-art PUs designed for anti-cancer PU-DDSs. We studied successful applications and prospects for further development of effective methods for obtaining PUs as biomaterials for oncology.
Computation of stochastic observables in electromagnetic interaction theory : applications to electromagnetic compatibility

The objective of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is to ensure the peaceful coexistence and the proper functioning of electronic devices in their environment. To this end, EMC designers need to understand and model interactions between electromagnetic fields and material systems. However, the accuracy, the validity and the usefulness of the models established by EMC designers depends on their knowledge of the configuration that they are modeling. Such knowledge cannot always be guaranteed due to an excessive complexity or variability or an insufficient characterization of the configuration. The present thesis addresses this issue via a stochastic approach, which assesses the effect of parametric uncertainties on the response variables of numerical models employed in EMC.
Partnership status and satisfaction with work–life balance

ABSTRACT Does entering a romantic relationship enhance or detract from employees’ work–life balance (WLB)? While different theoretical predictions can be made about how being in a relationship contributes to employees’ satisfaction with WLB, the literature lacks a robust investigation into this question. Using longitudinal data from Germany (n = 609; k = 2,358), this research examined if and how transitions in and out of non-marital relationships over six years relate to employees’ varying levels of satisfaction with WLB. Results showed that employees were less satisfied with WLB when they were romantically partnered (vs. unpartnered), which contrasts previous cross-sectional findings. In an additional study (N = 779) validating the first study’s measures using a similar sample, and comparing partnered vs. unpartnered employees cross-sectionally, we found that partnered individuals feel more, not less, satisfied with WLB. Taken together, these findings suggest caution in interpreting the effects of time-varying variables in cross-sectional studies. When examined longitudinally, taking on a partner role was related to reduced satisfaction with WLB, highlighting the need to attend to the variability in needs and challenges unmarried individuals face in work–life interface research.