Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Black and latinx adolescents’ developing understandings about poverty, inequality, and opportunity

Abstract This mixed-methods, longitudinal study utilized survey data from a sample of (primarily) Black and Latinx adolescents’ (n = 643) and qualitative interviews with a subset of adolescents (n = 39) to consider changes in adolescents’ beliefs about poverty and economic inequality throughout high school as well as the sources of their beliefs. Adolescents demonstrated significant, linear growth in their beliefs that poverty was caused by structural factors. This finding resonated with analyses of four waves of qualitative interviews in which a majority of participating adolescents shifted from citing individualistic causes to structural causes in their explanations of economic inequality and the opportunity structure in the United States. In explaining the sources of these beliefs, participating adolescents most frequently cited personal experiences, school-related experiences, and social media.
Association Between Preseason Fitness Level and Risk of Injury or Illness in Male Elite Ice Hockey Players: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Little is known about the association between physical fitness and the risk of injury or illness in ice hockey. The least-fit players may be more prone to injury and illness. Purpose: To examine the association between preseason fitness level and injury or illness risk among elite ice hockey players during the regular season. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 133 male ice hockey players in the GET League (the premier professional league in Norway) completed 8 different exercises (40-m sprint, countermovement jump, 3000-m run, squat, bench press, chin-ups, brutal bench, and box jump) at the annual 1-day preseason testing combine. During the 2017-2018 competitive season, the players reported all health problems (acute injuries, overuse injuries, and illnesses) weekly (31 weeks) using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems. Results: Overall, the players reported 191 acute injuries, 82 overuse injuries, and 132 illnesses. The least-fit tercile of players did not report more health problems (mean, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.2-3.8) compared with the most-fit (mean, 3.4; 95% CI, 2.6-4.2) or the medium-fit (mean, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9-3.5) players. The most-fit players reported more substantial health problems (mean, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.6-2.5) compared with the medium-fit (mean, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.8 -1.8) and least-fit (mean, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3) (P = .02) players. There was no association between low physical fitness and number of health problems when comparing the least-fit tercile of the players with the rest of the cohort (P > .05); however, there was an association between low physical fitness and greater severity of all health problems when comparing the least-fit tercile of players to the rest of the cohort after adjusting for time on ice per game, playing position, and age (P = .02). Conclusion: Low physical fitness was not associated with increased rate of injury or illness but was associated with greater severity of all health problems after adjusting for time on ice per game, playing position, and age.
Exploring the Relevance of Intangible Assets and Capital Structure

With the rapid development of technology, intangible assets play an increasingly important role in company nowadays. In the past, the reason why intangible assets were less used by companies as financing tools is largely because intangible assets have higher risks than tangible assets. This study focuses on publicly listed companies in Taiwan from 2013 to 2019 as the research object, and primarily explores whether intangible assets can be used as a company's guarantee, financing, and mortgage tool, and whether intangible assets will affect the composition of companies' capital structure. The empirical results showed that intangible assets have significant positive correlation with the company’s capital structure, indicating that intangible assets can be an additional choice to companies as a financing tool when companies face financial difficulties. Therefore, in the era of knowledge economy, intangible assets are like tangible assets that can be used as collateral for loans.
Detecting pulmonary oedema in lung resection patient through point‐of‐care lung ultrasonography

Postoperative pulmonary oedema is an outstanding postoperative complexity brought about by numerous etiological variables and which can be effectively recognized through careful control during the postoperative period. Lung ultrasound (LUS) was utilized for the non‐obtrusive recognition of pulmonary oedema. Semi‐quantitative visual LUS scores (visual LUS [V‐LUS]) in light of B‐lines correspond decently with pulmonary capillary pressure (PCWP) and extravascular lung water (EVLW).
The role of ethical trustworthiness in shaping trust and affective commitment in schools

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of school principal trustworthiness components (i.e., ability, integrity, benevolence) in helping shape teacher trust and affective commitment within schools. Using data from 1,026 teachers in Spain and structural equation modeling (via EQS 6.3), this study establishes how a principal’s integrity and benevolence are key in determining, both directly and indirectly (via trust in the principal), teachers’ affective commitment to their school. It also reveals that the perceived ability of a principal is not effective in generating trust or affective commitment to the school in teachers. As a contribution to the literature, these findings reveal that the ethical trustworthiness (benevolence, integrity) of principals is key in engendering trust and affective commitment to schools. Thus, to shape work environments that are high in trust and commitment, principals should focus on behaving in ways that make their integrity and benevolence manifest to their teachers.
Investigation of Medical- and Wellness Tourists of a Hungarian Spa to Explore Relationships Between Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty

Good quality services mean an advantage in competition; they help to keep old guests and to receive new ones. For a provisional enterprise, guest satisfaction is not only an objective but also an effective marketing tool, knowing that the repeated purchases and recommendations of a satisfied, loyal customer can be very effective marketing methods. But does high quality of services and satisfaction really guarantee the loyalty of spa guests? In order to receive an answer to this, we have questioned 300 Hungarian guests of Hévíz Spa in the dimensions of service quality, satisfaction and loyalty. We have evaluated the replies of 164 medical guests and 117 wellness tourists separately. The positive relationship between quality and satisfaction has been confirmed both in case of medicaland wellness tourists. In the case of medical tourism, the significant positive relationship between the loyalty dimensions of willingness to return, recommendation willingness and positive word-advertising has also been proven. In the case of wellness tourists, however, satisfaction and loyalty relations are less obvious. Regression analysis draws our attention to the key role of pleasure and satisfaction dimension, directing spa services towards providing joyful experiences! According to this research, we can also determine, that measuring customer satisfaction is not enough, as other factors affecting the loyalty of medicaland wellness tourists also have to be explored.
Human Cryptic Host Defence Peptide GVF27 Exhibits Anti-Infective Properties against Biofilm Forming Members of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex

Therapeutic solutions to counter Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria are challenging due to their intrinsically high level of antibiotic resistance. Bcc organisms display a variety of potential virulence factors, have a distinct lipopolysaccharide naturally implicated in antimicrobial resistance. and are able to form biofilms, which may further protect them from both host defence peptides (HDPs) and antibiotics. Here, we report the promising anti-biofilm and immunomodulatory activities of human HDP GVF27 on two of the most clinically relevant Bcc members, Burkholderia multivorans and Burkholderia cenocepacia. The effects of synthetic and labelled GVF27 were tested on B. cenocepacia and B. multivorans biofilms, at three different stages of formation, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Assays on bacterial cultures and on human monocytes challenged with B. cenocepacia LPS were also performed. GVF27 exerts, at different stages of formation, anti-biofilm effects towards both Bcc strains, a significant propensity to function in combination with ciprofloxacin, a relevant affinity for LPSs isolated from B. cenocepacia as well as a good propensity to mitigate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human cells pre-treated with the same endotoxin. Overall, all these findings contribute to the elucidation of the main features that a good therapeutic agent directed against these extremely leathery biofilm-forming bacteria should possess.
Educators working with infants and toddlers from low socio-economic status families

Abstract There is strong evidence that access to high quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) has a range of benefits for children’s long-term development and learning outcomes. Furthermore, ECEC has the most benefits for children who experience vulnerability, marginalisation and disadvantage (Heckman, 2008; OECD Starting Strong, 2017; National Scientific Council for the Developing Child [NSCDC], 2020). In Australia, universal measures involving funding and regulatory frameworks do not necessarily ensure inclusion of low socio-economic status (SES) children and families in ECEC. This research seeks to address the gap by exploring educators’ reflections on their role and challenges they face working in ECEC settings with low SES infants and toddlers. Deductive coding using Molla and Nolan’s (2019) classes of professional functionings was utilised with further inductive approaches to capture the specific Australian context including the National Quality Framework (Australian Children’s Education & Care Quality Authority [ACECQA], 2018) and the Early Years Learning Framework (Department of Education Employment and Workplace Relations [DEEWR], 2009). Findings showed the complexity involved in educators’ work, relating to their understandings of the issues faced by low SES families. This study aims to raise awareness of the specific needs of low SES children under three years and their families in the ECEC context. Recommendations identify the need for support targeting the workforce to increase levels of understanding, strategies and expertise.
Polymer selection impacts the pharmaceutical profile of site-specifically conjugated Interferon-α2a.

Conjugation of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to biologics is a successful strategy to favorably impact the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of the resulting bioconjugate. We compare bioconjugates synthesized by strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) using PEG and linear polyglycerol (LPG) of about 20 kDa or 40 kDa, respectively, with an azido functionalized human Interferon-α2a (IFN-α2a) mutant. Site-specific PEGylation and LPGylation resulted in IFN-α2a bioconjugates with improved in vitro potency compared to commercial Pegasys. LPGylated bioconjugates had faster disposition kinetics despite comparable hydrodynamic radii to their PEGylated analogues. Overall exposure of the PEGylated IFN-α2a with a 40 kDa polymer exceeded Pegasys, which, in return, was similar to the 40 kDa LPGylated conjugates. The study points to an expanded polymer design space through which the selected polymer class may result in a different distribution of the studied bioconjugates.
Economic Impact of Climate Change on the Implementation of Best Management Practices in the Fort Cobb Watershed

This study determines the most cost‐effective selection and location of Best Management Practice (BMP) scenarios for farmlands to reduce soil erosion and the delivery of sediment and phosphorus to the Fort Cobb Reservoir watershed under current and future climate scenarios. Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool, detailed conservation practices (conservation tillage, contour farming, no‐tillage, and terracing) are simulated to determine crop yields, sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus loss of three crops (winter wheat, irrigated cotton, and pasture) by each land use unit (hydrologic response units) and location in the watershed. An economic model is used to determine the cost‐minimizing choice of BMP scenarios for each land‐use unit that meets 50%, 75%, and 90% reduction of sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus loads and the impact of climate change on the net return to farmers. Results indicate that the effective spatial placement of BMP scenarios is not the same under different climatic conditions. The average optimal net return to farmers ranges from 170.39 to 316.32 $/acre for all the scenarios. The shadow prices vary from 2.36 to 17.78 $/ton/acre of sediment abated. Although individual BMP scenario is effective in reducing sediment loads, combined BMP scenarios achieve higher performance. This work will help guide policymakers and farmers in decision‐making for the future regarding water quantity used and water quality downstream in the recreation area of the Fort Cobb Reservoir.
Assessing evidence accumulation and rule learning in humans with an online game

Evidence accumulation, how the brain integrates sensory information over time, is an essential component of perception and decision making. In humans, evidence accumulation is commonly modeled as a diffusion process in which noise accumulates linearly with the incoming evidence. However, recent studies in rodents have shown that during perceptual decision making, noise scales non-linearly with the strength of accumulated evidence. The question of whether nonlinear noise scaling also holds for humans has been clouded by differences in the methodologies typically used to collect and analyze human and rodent data. For example, whereas humans are typically given explicit instructions in these tasks, rodents are trained using feedback. Therefore, to evaluate how perceptual noise scales with accumulated evidence, we developed an online evidence accumulation game and nonverbal training pipeline for humans inspired by pulse-based evidence accumulation tasks for rodents. Using this game, we collected and analyzed behavioral data from hundreds of participants trained either with an explicit description of the relevant decision rule or merely with experiential feedback. Across all participants, performance was well described by an accumulation process, in which stimuli were integrated equally across time. Participants trained using feedback alone learned the game rules rapidly and used similar strategies to those who received explicit instructions. Decisions in both groups were influenced in similar ways by biases and perceptual noise, suggesting that explicit instructions did not reduce bias or noise in pulse-based accumulation tasks. Finally, by leveraging data across all participants, we show that perceptual noise during evidence accumulation was best described by a non-linear model of noise scaling, consistent with previous animal studies, but inconsistent with diffusion models widely used in human studies. These results challenge the conventional description of humans’ accumulation process and suggest that online games inspired by evidence accumulation tasks provide a valuable large-scale behavioral assessment platform to examine perceptual decision making and learning in humans. In addition, the feedback-based training pipeline developed for this game may be useful for evaluating perceptual decision making in human populations with difficulty following verbal instructions. Highlights Development and validation of an online video game to measure perceptual decision making. Humans trained using a feedback-based pipeline exhibit similar strategies and performance compared with those receiving instructions. Perceptual noise increases superlinearly with sensory evidence.
Oral Hygiene Practices and Oral Health Knowledge among Students in Split, Croatia

Background: Knowledge of oral health is a fundamental prerequisite for healthy behavior, allowing individuals to take measures to protect their overall health. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the knowledge of oral health as well as to assess the oral hygiene habits among healthcare and non-healthcare students. Methods: The study was based on a questionnaire and was conducted among 1088 students. Most of the students, 67.6% were non-healthcare students. Data were processed by Mann–Whitney or Kruskal–Wallis one-way ANOVA test. Results: The correct median score and interquartile range were 11 (9–13) for all surveyed students, 11 (9–12) for students in non-healthcare programs and 13 (11–14) for students in healthcare programs. Students did not significantly differ in the knowledge of oral health by gender (p = 0.082) but did differ by age, study program, and year of study (p ≤ 0.001). Students whose family members work in the field of dental medicine also showed better oral health knowledge (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The results showed good oral health knowledge among tested university students. However, it is important to emphasize that students who showed better knowledge more often used additional aids to maintain oral hygiene; therefore, the obtained data underline the importance of students’ further education in order to better understand and maintain oral health.
Assessment Of Service Quality And Consumer Satisfaction In A Hungarian Spa

The present analysis was carried out at one of the most important medical tourism service providers, the Hévíz Spa and St. Andrew Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases. The institution provides spa services in two locations: in the medicinal lake of Hévíz and in the 7 pools of the pool spa. The present research carried out a single cross-sectional survey of the service quality and consumer satisfaction both in the lake and in the pool bath. Altogether 300 consumers were surveyed between 27 February and 31 March 2017. The questionnaire included the double list of questions of the SERVQUAL method, about performance and importance of various factors. The customers of the two service locations significantly differ: while the customers of the medicinal lake are mainly guests paying for themselves, 70% of the customers in the pool bath are patients supported by the National Health Insurance Fund. The results of the survey (with 4.64 as the average grade of quality on a 5 – point scale) reflects the high service quality of the spa. Although the difference between the guests and the patients in the evaluation of the importance of various quality factors was not proven, there is a tendency of different ranking of the importance factors and the service quality factors (i.e. reliability, assurance, empathy, responsiveness, tangibles). The graphical representation of the values and importance made it possible to identify the quality factors that require urgent improvement, in order to provide better service quality for both the patients and the guests. Analysis of variance proved that the patients supported by the National Health Insurance Fund were more satisfied at both locations than guests paying for themselves. The high level of patient satisfaction is a very useful fact for the Hévíz Spa, because the level of satisfaction positively affects recommendations. This positive word of mouth promotion is highly valuable considering the fact, that the legislation in Hungary does not allow the promotion of health services.
MICROGREENS AS A FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT OF THE HUMAN DIET: A REVIEW

The alarming growth of chronic diseases is a major problem in Europe, and current data suggest an even greater burden in the future. Although genetic predispositions remain important determinants in the development of certain disorders, the appropriate diet can considerably minimize the risk of many diseases. Many plant species do, in fact, have health-promoting properties due to their high levels of physiologically active chemicals. Glucosinolates, vitamins, tocopherols, saponins, tannins, and other polyphenols have been shown to have beneficial impacts on human health, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, kidney, and Alzheimer's disease prevention. A new plant category known as microgreens has evolved as a rich source of vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and physiologically active chemicals against these backdrops. Microgreens could have 10 to 100 times more effective phytochemical concentrations than adult equivalents. Furthermore, they are environmentally cultured in regulated environments with no dirt, harmful residues, or excessive water use. However, existing limitations include uncertain methods of action, varying bioaccessibility, and a paucity of published clinical research. Indeed, microgreens could be a viable new food source for people who are interested in consuming healthy diets.
Validation of a quantitative measure for meaning in parenthood among Chinese mothers in Hong Kong

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to validate the Meaning in Parenthood Questionnaire (MPQ) among Chinese mothers in Hong Kong. Based on the data collected from 854 Chinese mothers, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to examine the factor structure of the scale. The internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the scale were also examined. EFA yielded a twofold factor structure (i.e. presence of meaning and search for meaning in parenthood) with ten items, which was supported by the CFA and explained 62.1% of the total variance. The Cronbach’s alpha indicates a satisfactory reliability of MPQ-Presence and MPQ-Search subscales (i.e. .788 and .883, respectively). The construct validity of both MPQ-Presence and MPQ-Search subscales were established by their significant correlations with parental efficacy and life satisfaction. The MPQ as a reliable and valid scale can enable researchers and practitioners to measure meaning in parenthood.
“Dietitians May Only Have One Chance”—The Realities of Treating Obesity in Private Practice in Australia

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are the leading contributors to non-fatal burden of disease in Australia. Very low energy diets (VLEDs) comprising of meal replacement products (MRP) effectively induce substantial weight loss in people with obesity, yet they are rarely used as a first line treatment. Dietitians in private practice are perfectly placed to administer treatments for obesity; however, little is known about the preferred interventions used or their attitudes to incorporating VLEDs and MRPs into their treatments for overweight and obesity. Methods: This study used descriptive qualitative methods to explore accredited practicing dietitians’ (APDs’) perspectives and practices regarding obesity and obesity interventions, including the use of VLEDs and MRPs. Qualitative in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 dietitians who had experience in private practice and in treating obesity. Transcribed interviews were analysed thematically using the technique of template analysis. Results: In the context within which dietitians’ practice was found to be a barrier to using evidence-based practice (EBP) for obesity treatment, four overarching themes were found. These were: (1) patient-centred care is the dietitians’ preferred intervention model; (2) VLEDs promote weight loss in specific situations; (3) systemic barriers constrain effective dietetic practice and equitable access to all, and (4) successful outcomes are predicated on working outside of systemic barriers. Conclusion: Dietitians in private practice are well placed and able to provide life-enhancing and evidence-based treatments for overweight and obesity and associated chronic disease in the community. However, systemic barriers need to be addressed to provide equitable access to effective care irrespective of socio-economic status.