Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On suitable experiments for demonstrating the feasibility of the beam-driven plasma neutraliser for neutral beam injectors for fusion reactors

Plasma neutralisers promise increased neutralisation efficiency of negative ion beams in neutral beam injection (NBI) beamlines compared with gas neutralisers. It has been suggested that, in the presence of an electron-confining magnetic cusp field along all neutraliser walls, the beam itself could ionise the neutraliser gas sufficiently to take advantage of this effect, avoiding the added complexity of external power coupling to the neutraliser. These predictions come from a zero-dimensional model by Surrey and Holmes (2013 AIP Conf. Proc. 1515 532) and Turner and Holmes (2019 Fusion Eng. Des. 149 111327). We have revisited and modified this model by introducing slowing-down energy distributions for stripped and Rudd electrons, including electron impact dissociation as an electron energy loss channel and taking into account dissociative recombination of molecular ions with electrons. Including the latter effect reduces the predicted plasma density by about a factor of four and the achievable neutralisation yield from ∼80% to 68% in the case of a negative deuterium ion beam with an energy of 1 MeV and a current of 40 A. With this revised model we estimate the expected performance of potential beam-driven plasma neutralisers (BDPN) on a variety of existing negative ion beam test facilities for NBI. Based on these results, we conclude that the most suitable proof-of-principle experiment would be a dedicated chamber, ideally of the same dimensions and with the same magnetic cusp configuration as a BDPN for the DEMO NBI, in which the plasma is not created primarily by the fast electrons stripped from the beam ions, but by electrons of similar current and energy emitted from biased filaments.
Observation of Therapeutic Effect of Hirudoid Ointment on Infantile Phlebitis Caused by Intravenous Indwelling Needle

To observe the therapeutic effect of hirudoid ointment on infantile phlebitis caused by intravenous indwelling needle is the objective of study. 180 children with phlebitis caused by intravenous indwelling needles were enrolled as research objects in this study. They were randomly divided into research group and control group, each containing 90 patients. Children in the control group were treated with continuous wet application of 50 % magnesium sulfate at the venous site, while children in the research group were treated with hirudoid ointment externally applied at the phlebitis site. After that, the therapeutic effects of two groups were comparatively analyzed. The overall treatment effective rate of control group was 83.33 %, while that of the research group was 95.56 %, which was significantly higher, p<0.05. The regression time, area regression rate, pain relief time and cure time of the two groups were compared. Results showed that the research group had significant advantages over the control group, p<0.05. The application of hirudoid ointment in the treatment of infantile phlebitis caused by intravenous indwelling needle can actively improve the state of the disease and improve the overall treatment effective rate, which is an effective measure, worthy of promotion and application.
Upregulated miR-206 Aggravates Deep Vein Thrombosis by Regulating GJA1-Mediated Autophagy of Endothelial Progenitor Cells

Background Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the third most prevalent vascular disease worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play regulatory roles in functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which is becoming a promising therapeutic choice for thrombus resolution. Nevertheless, the role of miR-206 in EPCs is unclear. Methods EPCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with DVT. In DVT mouse models, DVT was induced by stenosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC). The levels of miR-206 and gap junction protein alpha 1 (GJA1) in EPCs and vascular tissues of DVT mice were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were tested by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell assay, flow cytometry analysis, and in vitro tube formation assay. The levels of autophagy-related proteins as well as the level of GJA1 in EPCs and vascular tissues were evaluated by western blotting. DVT formation in vivo was observed through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of thrombus resolution markers, CD34 molecule (CD34) and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), in the thrombi was measured by immunofluorescence staining. Results miR-206 overexpression inhibited proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis and promoted apoptosis of EPCs, while miR-206 knockdown exerted an opposite effect on EPC phenotypes. Downregulation of GJA1, the target of miR-206, abolished the influence of miR-206 on EPC phenotypes. Furthermore, silencing of miR-206 suppressed the autophagy of EPCs via upregulating GJA1. miR-206 knockdown repressed thrombus formation, enhanced the homing ability of EPCs to the thrombosis site, and facilitated thrombus resolution in DVT mouse models. Additionally, miR-206 was upregulated while GJA1 was downregulated in vascular tissues of DVT mice. miR-206 knockdown elevated GJA1 expression in vascular tissues of DVT mice. The expression of miR-206 was negatively correlated with that of GJA1 in DVT mice. Conclusion miR-206 knockdown upregulates GJA1 to inhibit autophagy of EPCs and then promote EPC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, thereby enhancing EPC homing to thrombi and facilitating thrombus resolution.
Measuring the Turbosupercharger Speed of Actual Vehicle in Low Pressure Conditions

There are some problems when measuring turbosupercharger speed in actual vehicle.Two methods for mesauring the turbosupercharger speed by means of the RBF neural network and BP neural network are introduced.Accordingly,the RBF neural network and BP neural network estimation modles are set up.Compared with the bench test sample,the model errors are 2.25% and 2.27%. Meanwhile,in comparation with the BP neural network,the RBF neural network has less training times and fast convergence speed and stable result,which is more suitable for the actual vehicle turbosupercharger speed estimation.
Comparative efficacy of insecticides against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.

Difenthiuron 50 WP @ 50 g a.i. ha−1 proved most effective in managing the aphids incidence and realizing higher yield of mustard (10.70 q ha−1) followed by thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 25 g a.i. ha−1 (10.53 q ha−1) and acetamiprid 25 SP @ 40 g a.i. ha−1 (10.12 q ha−1). Treatments viz. imidacloprid 200 SL @ 50 g a.i. ha−1 and betacyfluthrin 25 SC @ 25 g a.i. ha−1 were comparatively less effective in reducing the pest population and they were statistically equally in realizing the yield of mustard but superior to achook 0.15 EC @ 800 g a.i. ha−1 (8.68 q ha−1) and dimethoate 30 EC @ 400 g a.i. ha−1 (8.85 q ha−1).
Phosphorus limitation in low nitrogen lakes in New Zealand

ABSTRACT Lakes on volcanic soils of the North Island of New Zealand, compared to north temperate lakes, have low total nitrogen:total phosphorus (TN:TP) ratios, low dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations during summer stratification, and have positive chlorophyll a responses to N additions more frequently than to P in nutrient enrichment bioassays. This response has resulted, in some cases, to the imposition of N loading caps on some lake catchments, in contrast to nutrient management in north temperate lakes focused more on P management. To explore this possible difference in limiting nutrients, a suite of nutrient status indicators based on measurement of ambient seston stoichiometry and metabolic activity, which have been widely used in north temperate lakes, were applied to 8 lakes on volcanic terrain with previously reported N limitation. These nutrient status measurements were previously calibrated to inform whether in situ phytoplankton are growth-rate limited and, if so, which nutrient is limiting growth rate. In austral summer 2015, all 8 lakes showed indications of P limitation, and P limitation was more extreme, pervasive, and persistent (among samplings) than N limitation. Indications of N limitation were not observed without contemporaneous evidence of P limitation, but P limitation was frequently observed without evidence of N limitation. One lake, Rotorua, was not strongly nutrient limited, and phytoplankton were likely growing at or near optimum growth rates. In this study the commonly used TN:TP ratio was a poor predictor of which nutrient was potentially limiting in situ phytoplankton.
Malaysian ESL Students’ Perceptions on the Usability of a Mobile Application for Grammar Test: A Case Study of ESL Undergraduates in Universiti Sains Malaysia

With the proliferation of mobile technologies nowadays, English language educators and instructors globally are increasingly looking into the potential of mobile learning as pedagogical practice to teach the language, including as a tool to test students’ grammatical ability. However, users’ perception on the usability of such advanced approach in education is critical to a successful mobile learning implementation. While there is a considerable enthusiasm for incorporating mobile technologies in English language education, there is a paucity of research evidence about whether mobile-based test is perceived as usable by English language students in Malaysia. The purpose of this paper is to examine Malaysian English as a Second Language (ESL) students’ perception on the usability of a mobile application for grammar test; namely MyGrammarTest (MyGraTe) App. The App was developed by a mobile learning research team from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) who studied the development of an intelligent mobile learning tool that can map grammar learning content to their learning style preferences. Upon successful development, the MyGraTe App prototype was piloted on a group of undergraduate students who undertook ESL courses in USM. Then, a questionnaire consisting of items adapted from the System Usability Scale (SUS) by Brooke (1986) was distributed to respondents to gain input on the perceived usability of the App. Findings from this study provide several important insights on the usability of mobile applications as learning support tools for English language learning, specifically in testing students’ grammatical ability. Keywords: mobile learning; mobile application; MyGraTe; English grammar test; System Usability Scale DOI: http://doi.org/10.17576/3L-2016-2201-10
Single-shot mid-infrared incoherent holography using Lucy-Richardson-Rosen algorithm

In recent years, there has been a significant transformation in the field of incoherent imaging with new possibilities of compressing three-dimensional (3D) information into a two-dimensional intensity distribution without two-beam interference (TBI). Most of the incoherent 3D imagers without TBI are based on scattering by a random phase mask exhibiting sharp autocorrelation and low cross-correlation along the depth. Consequently, during reconstruction, high lateral and axial resolutions are obtained. Imaging based on scattering requires an astronomical photon budget and is therefore precluded in many power-sensitive applications. In this study, a proof-of-concept 3D imaging method without TBI using deterministic fields has been demonstrated. A new reconstruction method called the Lucy-Richardson-Rosen algorithm has been developed for this imaging concept. We believe that the proposed approach will cause a paradigm-shift in the current state-of-the-art incoherent imaging, fluorescence microscopy, mid-infrared fingerprinting, astronomical imaging, and fast object recognition applications.
Cost-Effective Structural Anti-Ram Security Barriers: New Design, Computer Modeling and Test Validation

Terrorist attacks became a major threat to the safety, security, and economy of our nation in the last few years. The Attacks against important facilities could have different techniques; however the main source of ground attacks is the application of excessive amount of energy to the designated facility through a vehicle intrusion and/or a blast. In the current research, a new approach of using steel-structure barriers is presented. Several new structural anti-ramming barriers are designed and analyzed using nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA). In this new design, commercial steel-structural components were used in order to reduce the manufacturing cost. These new steel-structure security devices have proven an excellent capability to sustain severe impacts by spreading substantial amount of the impact energy throughout the entire structure and the supporting soil/concrete. In the current research, three anti-ramming bollard systems, for K4, K8 and K12 impact conditions, were presented. The bollard systems were made of commercial steel unites connected together to produce the entire bollard structure. The FE modeling and simulation results of the bollard systems were presented in details in this paper. The FEA for the K4 bollard was validated by comparing the simulation results with the actual test results. The FE simulation results correlated very well with the actual test results. The steel-structure barriers could have much less shallow foundation to account for the in-city utility restrictions. It also has the advantage of easier and faster installation minimizing the required digging and installation time inside the city. The design could also be modified to account for different threat levels and different sites’ restrictions.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Gender Differences in Cyberbullying Victimization From a Developmental Perspective: An Examination of Risk and Protective Factors

Although a growing number of studies have examined the underlying mechanisms of cyberbullying victimization, less is known about the gender differences in developmental nature of cyberbullying victimization. This study aims to examine (1) developmental pathways of cyberbullying victimization by gender, and (2) gender differences in the risk and protective factors. Relying on longitudinal data of Korean youth, we found three latent trajectories for girls and four subgroups for boys. In general, results found somewhat different developmental patterns of cyberbullying victimization by gender. Also, results showed both gender similarities and differences in predictors. Peer support was the only consistent factor across boys and girls and there were gendered predictors as well. Implications for practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Damavand Earthquake of 2020 the Mainshock or an Alarm for Disaster for the Capital of Iran

Corresponding Author: Hadi Jarahi Department of Geosciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Tehran, Iran Email: hadijarahi@gmail.com Abstract: On 7 May 2020, the Damavand earthquake with magnitude 5.1 occurred at 55 km east of Tehran city, which has a population of over 15 million people. This earthquake caused a seismic hazard for the capital of Iran. In this study, this earthquake was assessed to understand whether it will cause any seismic disaster. There is a doubt about the dip of the earthquake fault because the hypocenter position, as well as the aftershocks, correspond to the surface outcrop of the Mosha fault. However, according to the declared slope for this fault, the epicenter of the earthquake should be located in a belt parallel to the fault and at a distance of 3 to 10 km. The significant observation of this study is that the Damavand earthquake was produced by the Mosha fault according to the information of the focal mechanism. The slope of the fault in this study was estimated to be 90 degrees. By the findings of this study, the seismic hazard of the city of Tehran was thus investigated. The results exhibit that the city is under seismic risk. Therefore, we can suggest that we should take precautions against a possible devastating earthquake.
Detection of atomoxetine and its metabolites in the urine by thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry

The aim of the study was the detection of atomoxetine and its biotransformation products in the urine under TLC screening conditions and identification of the metabolites using mass spectrometry method. Materials and methods. The volunteer’s urine samples after taking a single therapeutic dose of atomoxetine (2 capsules of 60 mg each of Strattera®) were studied. Sample preparation included diluting acid hydrolysis followed by the native compound and metabolites extraction with chloroform from the saturated solution of ammonium sulfate at pH of 11–12. Thin-layer chromatography studies of the extracts were carried out in 18 mobile phases including those proposed by The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists for general drug screening, and those widely used in forensic toxicological studies. The color reactions were carried out using a range of chromogenic reagents. A Varian 1200 L mass spectrometer (Netherlands) equipped with a dual quadrupole mass analyzer was applied for analysis of the eluates from chromatograms. Identification was undertaken at the direct introduction of the sample into the ion chamber, electron-impact ionization (70 eV), and full ion scanning mode. Results. The spot of the native drug on the chromatogram was identified by the Rf, value. Two atomoxetine biotransformation products were identified by the molecular weights that correspond to the molecular ion peaks in the mass spectra. Conclusions. Atomoxetine and its biotransformation products were detected in the urine under TLC screening conditions and identified using mass spectrometry method. Chromatographic mobility of the native compound, hydroxyatomoxetine, and dihydroxyatomoxetine in the TLC screening systems as well as the results of their visualization using chromogenic reagents applied for toxicological drug screening in the systematic toxicological analysis have been determined.
Enhanced CNN Model for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Classification Based on Proteomic Data

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest tumors, with just around nine percent of those diagnosed surviving for more than five years after diagnosis. A significant part of the poor result may be attributed to late detection. However, the illness is identified at an initial phase. While growths remain quite tiny and manageable, five-year existence rates can rise to as high as seventy percent. Because of this, there is a huge clinical demand for the creation of a non-invasive examination targeted at the earliest identification of PDAC, which has the ability to recover the current prospects of patients. Considering the grim future for pancreatic cancer, new strategies for early detection and prevention must be developed as rapidly as feasible. Researchers have revealed that proteomics technology is effective in discovering important biomarkers for early-stage pancreatic cancer, according to recent research. One of the most challenging difficulties is recognizing and collecting physiologically relevant information from the huge quantity of data collected when it comes to proteome profiling. Because of the tremendous complexity of proteomics datasets and the fact that they typically have minuscule sample numbers, it is vital to apply non-classical statistical approaches for data processing. Deep learning models are more effective; few efforts have lately made to identify PDAC, but the models are not developed successfully. This paper used an enhanced Convolution neural network (CNN) model to classify pancreatic decease at different stages accurately to clinical correction. The model has effective results compared to existing models.
The Analysis of Dynamics Characteristic for JJ454/49-H Type Ocean Dynamics Derrick

This article is based on large scale finite-element analysis software ANSYS,to analyze structural dynamics properties of JJ454/49-H type of ocean dynamics derrick and the derrick free vibration characteristics(frequencies and vibration patterns) was obtained.Ocean waves on the derrick to test response prove the dynamics properties and the basic theoretical calculations of the structure consistent.Secondly th e author analyzes marine derrick structural response to cycle vibration in the condition of the normal work load,ascertains the response of the stability with load changes over time and the rule of that structure in response to changes in the frequency,draws the conclusion about the identity of the resonance,which may be used as a good reference for marine derrick to optimize the design,safety evaluation and verification intensity.
LYSIMETER STUDIES ON LEACHATE GENERATION-STATE OF ART

Increase in population, industrialization and urbanization has led to the generation of thousands of tons of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) daily. The disposal of solid waste by open dumping or in landfill is the most common practice in developing countries. Main problem by this activity is generation of leachate and if not properly managed results in various environmental problems. Lysimeters have been widely applied to simulate landfills in the study of leachate generation. In this paper an attempt has been made to take stock of working of lysimeter and work carried out by researchers across the globe. A case study to investigate the effect of age of MSW on leachate contents has been attempted. Age of MSW is found to play an important role in affecting leachate concentration. The concentrations of various contents of leachate except pH were increased with the passing of time till the 30 days, and then decreases in last 10 days. However decrease in leachate pH with time has been observed, and is attributed to formation of fatty acids due to degradation of carbohydrates. IndexTerms: MSW, Landfill, Lysimeter, Leachate characteristics.
Food Insecurity in Portugal during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prevalence and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics

Introduction: The current worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has been having a considerable impact not only on health but also on the economy of societies, emphasizing food insecurity as a significant public health concern. Aim: The objective of this study was to characterize the scenario of food insecurity in Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic and explore its related sociodemographic characteristics. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, using data from an online survey, performed from November 2020 until February 2021, including 882 residents aged 18 years or older in Portugal. Data on sociodemographics and food security status were collected, the latter was evaluated using the United States Household Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models were performed (covariates: education, household income perception, and the working status during the COVID-19 pandemic). The odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results: Most participants were women (71.3%), with a mean age of 36.8 years (SD 11.0). Food insecurity prevalence was 6.8%. Less-educated individuals (≤12 years of schooling; OR 2.966; 95% CI 1.250–7.042), and those who were and remained unemployed since the beginning of the pandemic (OR 2.602; 95% CI 1.004–6.742) had higher odds of belonging to a food-insecure household, regardless of education, working status during the COVID-19 pandemic, and household income perception. Moreover, lower odds of belonging to a food-insecure household were observed among those reporting a comfortable household income (OR 0.007; 95% CI 0.001–0.062) than those who perceived their household income as insufficient, independently of education and the working status during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: These findings highlight the population groups that are at a greater risk of food insecurity during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Effective public health strategies should be developed aiming to address food insecurity during this crisis, especially among the higher risk groups.