Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eruption chronology of the Columbia River Basalt Group

The Columbia River fl ood basalt province, United States, is likely the most wellstudied, radiometrically well-dated large igneous province on Earth. Compared with older, more-altered basalt in fl ood basalt provinces elsewhere, the Columbia River Basalt Group presents an opportunity for precise, accurate ages, and the opportunity to study relationships of volcanism with climatic excursions. We critically assess the available 40Ar/39Ar data for the Columbia River Basalt Group, along with K-Ar data, to establish an up-to-date picture of the timing of emplacement of the major formations that compose the lava stratigraphy. Combining robust Ar-Ar data with fi eld Barry, T.L. , Kelley, S.P., Reidel, S.P., Camp, V.E. , Self, S. , Jarboe, N.A, Duncan, R.A. , and Renne, P.R. , 2013, Eruption chronology of the Columbia River Basalt Group, in Reidel, S.P., Camp, V.E. , Ross, M.E. , Wolff, J.A. , Martin, B.S., Tolan, T.L. , and Wells, R.E. , eds., The Columbia River Flood Basalt Province: Geological Society of America Special Paper 497, p. 45–66, doi:10.1130/2013.2497(02). For permission to copy, contact editing@geosociety.org. © 2013 The Geological Society of America. All rights reserved. on April 10, 2015 specialpapers.gsapubs. org Downloaded from
Discrete element modeling of triggered slip in faults with granular gouge: application to dynamic earthquake triggering

Recent seismological observations based on new, more sensitive instrumentation show that seismic waves radiated from large earthquakes can trigger other earthquakes globally. This phenomenon is called dynamic earthquake triggering and is well-documented for over 30 of the largest earthquakes worldwide. Granular materials are at the core of mature earthquake faults and play a key role in fault triggering by exhibiting a rich nonlinear response to external perturbations. The stick-slip dynamics in sheared granular layers is analogous to the seismic cycle for earthquake fault systems. In this research effort, we characterize the macroscopic scale statistics and the grain-scale mechanisms of triggered slip in sheared granular layers. We model the granular fault gouge using threedimensional discrete element method simulations. The modeled granular system is put into stick-slip dynamics by applying a confining pressure and a shear load. The dynamic triggering is simulated by perturbing the spontaneous stick-slip dynamics using an external vibration applied to the boundary of the layer. The influences of the triggering consist in a frictional weakening during the vibration interval, a clock advance of the next expected large slip event and long term effects in the form of suppression and recovery of the energy released from the granular layer. Our study suggests that above a critical amplitude, vibration causes a significant clock advance of large slip events. We link this clock advance to a major decline in the slipping contact ratio as well as a decrease in shear modulus and weakening of the granular gouge layer. We also observe that shear vibration is less effective in perturbing the stick-slip dynamics of the granular layer. Our study suggests that in order to have an effective triggering, the input vibration must also explore
Correlation of chlamydiatrachomatis infection with tubalblockage among infertile women attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Background: Genital Chlamydia trachomatis is a common bacterial cause of sexually transmitted infection worldwide which is associated with significant morbidity and has a great impact on human reproduction and fertility. Infertility is a major health problem in Nigeria with a prevalence of between 20, -40% compared with global prevalence of 15%. Objective: To correlate genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection with tubal blockage among infertile women and to compare with women attending family planning clinic in AKTH.Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional prospective study that was carried out among 142 women with tubal infertility attending the gynaecological clinic and 142 fertile women from family planning clinic of AKTH. Endocervical swab and blood samples were collected and tested using Eugene Chlamydial Rapid test Device and ELISA IgG Chlamydia antibody kits following manufacturer’s instruction.Results: The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibodies in infertile women was 63(44.4%) while among the family planning women is 40(28.2%) and that of the Chlamydia trachomatis antigen is 21(14.8%) in the infertile women and 7( 4.9%) in the control group. These differences were found to be statistically significant when compared (X2=8.059, P<0.05, X2=7.766, P<0.05). The prevalence of the Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibodies was highest (33.0%) among age group 25-29years; while that of the antigen was highest (39.2%) among age group 30-34 years of the study population.Conclusion: The study showed that the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection was higher among women with infertility. There is need for routine screening of Chlamydia trachomatis in sexual transmitted infection clinics to prevent infertility.
Fracture-network analysis of the Latemar Platform (northern Italy): integrating outcrop studies to constrain the hydraulic properties of fractures in reservoir models

Fractures in subsurface reservoirs are known to have significant impacts on reservoir productivity. Quantifying their importance, however, is challenged by limited subsurface observations, and intense computations for modelling and upscaling. In this paper, we present a workflow to construct and upscale fracture models based on outcrop studies in the Latemar carbonate platform (northern Italy). Fractures were first analysed to investigate their distinct characteristics throughout different sedimentological domains; that is, slope, margin and platform interior. Several fracture models were then built to represent different domains and were used to upscale fracture-network properties. Small-scale models were preferred to the reservoir-scale ones to enable multiple realizations and various sensitivity analyses in a time-efficient manner. The fracture characteristics of the Latemar Platform vary across different sedimentological domains. This variation results in a non-homogeneous permeability field that will influence flow behaviours. Fractures in the slope domain are typically tall but low in intensity, resulting in relatively low effective permeabilities. In the platform interior, smaller sizes of fractures combined with higher intensities give rise to higher effective permeabilities. In general, fracture intensities, aperture and their intrinsic permeability would have a significant impact on the permeability field. Fracture shape and orientations are more important in affecting the connectivity.
The Impact of Soil Erosion in the Upper Blue Nile on Downstream Reservoir Sedimentation

Population growth in the Blue Nile Basin has led to fast land-use changes from forest to agricultural land, which resulted in speeding up the soil erosion processes producing highly negative impacts on the local soil fertility and agricultural productivity. The eroded sediment is transported downstream by water and sinks in the lower basin where it significantly reduces reservoir storage and irrigation canals capacity. The only effective solution to mitigate the sedimentation problem is to limit the sediment inputs from upstream by locally implementing erosion control practices. However, given the vastness and remoteness of the involved areas, this first requires the knowledge of the most critical zones. The book identifies the sources of the sediment depositing in the Lower Blue Nile Basin and quantifies the amounts involved providing essential information for the planning and implementation of any interventions aiming at reducing soil erosion. The methods used consist of extensive field work covering most of the basin, watershed, hydrodynamic and morphodynamic modelling and, for the first time, the mineralogical analysis of the sediment at the sources and sinks. The method is successful in indentifying the areas providing most of the transported sediment, where it is recommended to start with erosion control practices.
Predictors of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine among adults

Background Vaccines are an effective and ultimate solution that can decrease the burden of coronavirus disease 2019 worldwide. However, poor knowledge and unwillingness to accept this vaccine are key barriers to manage the COVID-19 pandemic in different countries including Ethiopia. Control of the pandemic will depend on the acceptance of coronavirus disease vaccine. However, there is a paucity of evidence on coronavirus disease vaccine acceptance in the study area. The current study was aimed to assess willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among adult clients attending Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji Zone, southern Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 385 study participants selected by a systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected through observation and structured questionnaires from April 10 to May 30, 2022. The collected data was cleaned and entered into EpiData 3.1 software before being exported to SPSS 25 statistical software for analysis. Bi-variable and multi-variable binary logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The strength of association was measured using AOR with 95% confidence interval and significance was declared at p- value < 0.05. Result Magnitude of willingness to accept coronavirus disease-19 vaccine was 67.5% (95%Cl: 63–72). Good knowledge [AOR = 2.07, (1.17–3.64)], history of chronic disease [AOR = 2.59, (1.4–4.78)], being a government employee [AOR = 2.35 (1.1–5)], having a favorable attitude [AOR = 14.15 (5.25–37.46)], and good adherence [AOR = 1.74 (1.02–2.97)] were factors that significantly associated with willingness to accept the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine. Conclusion Magnitude of willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine was considerable and needs to be improved. Knowledge, attitude, chronic illness, adherence, and being a government employee were factors that associated with willingness to accept the vaccine. Community awareness, advocacy, social mobilization and health education should be given at different levels.
EMISSIONS FROM A CULTIVATED MOLLISOL: OPTIMAL TIME OF DAY FOR SAMPLING AND THE ROLE OF SOIL TEMPERATURE

SUMMARY The correct use of closed field chambers to determine N 2 O emissions requires defining the time of day that best represents the daily mean N 2 O flux. A short-term field experiment was carried out on a Mollisol soil, on which annual crops were grown under no-till management in the Pampa Ondulada of Argentina. The N 2 O emission rates were measured every 3 h for three consecutive days. Fluxes ranged from 62.58 to 145.99 μμμμμ g N-N 2 O m -2 h -1 (average of five field chambers) and were negatively related (R 2 = 0.34, p < 0.01) to topsoil temperature (14 - 20 o C). N 2 O emission rates measured between 9:00 and 12:00 am presented a high relationship to daily mean N 2 O flux (R 2 = 0.87, p < 0.01), showing that, in the study region, sampling in the mornings is preferable for GHG.
U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry of host rocks to the Bastnäs-type REE mineralization in the Riddarhyttan area, west central Bergslagen, Sweden

The geochronology of felsic metavolcanic rocks hosting the Bastnas-type rare earth element (REE) mineralization in the Riddarhyttan area in the Bergslagen region, Sweden, was investigated using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Th-Pb on zircon and monazite. U-Pb data from four host rock samples yield dates of 1899 ± 4 Ma (MSWD=2.2), 1910 ± 5 Ma (MSWD=3.2), 1911 ± 6 Ma (MSWD=3.2) and 1916 ± 4 Ma (MSWD=1.4). These dates are interpreted as igneous crystallization ages and indicate that several localities with felsic metavolcanic rocks hosting the REE-mineralization are 5 to 10 Myr older than previously known in this part of the Bergslagen region. These dates together with available published geochronology data for metavolcanics in Bergslagen suggest that magmatism might either have formed a continuum or that it was episodic between 1920 to 1876 Ma. A 1824 ± 7 Ma (MSWD=1.2) date for a population of monazite in one of the felsic metavolcanic rocks is temporally correlated with a nearby granite, where variably discordant zircon yield a 1822 ± 10 Ma (MSWD=1.7) date. The monazite and granite dates are overlapping, suggesting that at least part of the monazites in the felsic metavolcanic rocks might have crystallized or recrystallized due to heat and fluids from emplacement and crystallization of granite intrusions during the presumed late Svecokarelian phase (c. 1.85-1.78 Ga) of regional metamorphism and ductile deformation. Further geochronological work is required to assess the temporal and geological relationship with the 1820 Ma granite magmatism and the monazite (re-)crystallization. The geochemical characteristics of the metavolcanic rocks are assessed using whole rock (WR) data in conjunction with mass-balance calculations based on the isocon method. The results imply that the felsic metavolcanic rocks hosting the REE-mineralization are mostly consisting of a variably altered rhyolite precursor. WR chemistry data show that geochemical differences among the samples are not the result of fractional crystallization processes. REE patterns are similar to those presented by numerous authors for the Svecofennian volcanic and subvolcanic suite of intrusive rocks (1.91-1.89 Ga) and as stated by earlier workers comparable with those found in a normal to mature, active continental margin. Isocon analyses, using Al2O3, Zr and Hf as immobile elements, indicate that few of the geochemical signals in the felsic metavolcanic rocks are of primary, igneous, origin and instead significant mass gain ranging from +27% to 139% suggests that multiple elements have been gained (e.g. SiO2; MgO, K2O; Co; Eu and Fe2O3) or lost (Pb; Ni; Zn; Na2O; CaO; Th and U) during chemical alteration processes. (Less)
Hospital admission is associated with disability and late musculoskeletal pain in individuals with long COVID

Background The acute clinical repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been widely studied. However, the possible late repercussions of long COVID have not yet been well defined in the literature. Objectives To identify the presence of pain and musculoskeletal disability in patients with Long COVID and also to identify predictive factors for pain intensity in this population. Methods In this cross-sectional and retrospective observational study individuals with Long COVID symptoms were included. It was collected musculoskeletal disability measures, data from patient-related outcome measures and variables from a COVID-19 outpatient service database. Associations and sub-group analyses were performed considering the variables pain, disability and hospitalization. Linear regression was performed to identify predictive factors for pain intensity in Long COVID patients. Results We evaluated 195 patients and most of them (57%) presented musculoskeletal pain in one area of the body. Pain sub-group presented worse disability indices and worse clinical course during hospitalization. Hospitalized patients presented worse disability indices comparing to non-hospitalized. Significant correlations were found between pain and days of non-invasive oxygen support (r = 0.21; p = 0.003); days in intensive care unit (r = 0.22; p = 0.002) and days in invasive mechanical ventilation (r = 0.35; p = 0.001). Hospitalized individuals showed a higher chance of presenting late musculoskeletal pain (OR = 1.42: 95%CI 1.09–2.04). Days in intensive care unit (β = 0,234: P = 0,001) and days in invasive mechanical ventilation (β = 0.764: P = 0.001) were predictors of pain intensity [F(2,192) = 18.559; R2 = 0.231; p = 0.001]. Conclusion Individuals with Long COVID presented musculoskeletal pain and disability. Hospitalized patients showed a greater chance of having musculoskeletal pain. Days in intensive care unit and days in invasive mechanical ventilation were predictors of late musculoskeletal pain intensity.
Preliminary studies on the relationships between dissolved oxygen and environmental factors in the cage culture area of Zhelin Bay

Based on investigation data in July, 1998,this paper deals with variations of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the waters of cage culture area of Zhelin Bay,and the relationships between DO and other environmental factors. It was observed that DO concentrations were 3 08~7 86mg/L (average of 5 30), DO concentrations(average of 4 44) in culture area,(average of 4 65) in high tide and (average of 4 67)at bottom,were lower than those(average of 6 12) in control area,(average of 5 71)in low tide and when tide set at the surface (average of 5 69). Multiple regression shows that pH and temperature are the important factors affecting the variations of DO (followed by salinity, COD, and nutrient salts) and that they have significant correlation with DO. Preliminary results indicate that DO concentration is positively related to distance from culture area ( P 0 02), but negatively correlated to sulfide content and PO 4 P content ( P 0 05) of surface sediments.
SPM: A Fast and Scalable Model for Predicting Snow/No-Snow

2 Abstract: From several decades, weather prediction is a vital application in meteorology and has been one of the most scientifically and technologically challenging problem across the globe. Therefore, it is important to have an accurate model for predicting the snow/no-snow occurrence across various regions. In this paper, we present a novel and robust Snow Prediction Model (SPM) for the prediction over twenty one international locations across the world. The proposed model evaluates various performance measures such as accuracy, precision, sensitivity, dice and specificity and the results are compared with various decision tree and non- decision tree algorithms such as Decision Stump, Random Tree, LAD Tree, SLIQ decision tree and Naive Bayes. With this analysis, the proposed methodology gives an outstanding result when compared with the existing models. The SPM provides an average accuracy of 87.14 % in the prediction of snow/no-snow.
Investigating the predictive relations between self-efficacy and achievement goals on procedural and conceptual science learning

Abstract Self-efficacy and achievement goals represent two extensively researched motivational factors in education and have been related to numerous academic outcomes. However, little is known about how they relate to different types of problem-solving. Furthermore, while prior work has found these motivational factors are related, less work has examined them over time, during learning, and controlling for prior knowledge. The current study investigated the relations between these motivational constructs and procedural and conceptual problem-solving in middle school science. Sixth-grade science students’ self-efficacy and achievement goals were surveyed along with procedural and conceptual problem-solving before and after instruction. Results revealed students’ self-efficacy was positively correlated with both procedural and conceptual posttest performance. However, controlling for prior knowledge, self-efficacy only predicted conceptual performance. No relations were found between achievement goals and procedural or conceptual problem-solving. Additionally, results found that changes in mastery-approach goals were positively related to changes in self-efficacy beliefs.
Tailoring activated carbons based cocoa pods lignocellulosic materials for Reactive blue 19 adsorption: optimization, adsorption isotherm and kinetic investigation

The present study reports on the performance of activated carbons derived from cocoa pods impregnated with H 3 PO 4 (CCCP) and ZnCl 2 (CCCZn) on the removal of Reactive blue 19 from a simulated wastewater. Central composite design, including three factors namely temperature ( X 1 ), concentration of the activating agent ( X 2 ) and time ( X 3 ) of calcination were used to optimize the production conditions. From the analysis of variance, the most significant variable was the calcination temperature. For CCCP activated carbon, optimum conditions were found as follows: X 1 : 600°C, X 2 : 0.3 M and X 3 : 88 min and for CCCZn, they were 600°C, 0.5 M, and 120 min. The experimental values of iodine number for the both activated carbons were 476.25 and 495.53 mg/g for CCCZn and CCCP, respectively. It was observed that the experimental values obtained were much closer to those predicted by the model. The functional groups on the prepared activated carbons were determined from Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and confirmed using Boehm’s titration. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the presence of amorphous phases in both activated carbons. The scanning electron microscopy images of both activated carbons showed that the activation stage produced extensive external surfaces with quite irregular cavities and pores. CCCP and CCCZn showed a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 435.32 and 430.66 m 2 /g, respectively. Non-linear regression analysis showed that, equilibrium data were best described by the Freundlich model for CCCP and Dubinin–Radushkevich for CCCZn. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption of Reactive blue 19 was better described by the pseudo-second-order model for CCCP, and the Elovich models CCCZn.
Students’ Argumentative Ability in the Graduate Thesis Introductions

The research aimed to explore the students’ argumentative ability in their thesis introduction and to explore the most difficult moves for students in their thesis introduction. Students’ argumentative ability refers to the way students write their thesis introductions by following swales’ pattern (1990). Swales’ Pattern consist of three moves, establishing a research territory, establishing a niche, and occupying the niche.This research used a Descriptive Quantitative Method. The sample of this research were graduate students thesis from the Graduate Program of English Language Education at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar who completed their studies in 2021. The total sample was sixteen graduate students thesis. The procedure of this research was collected by analysing the students’ thesis introduction by using a rubric.The results of research found that 1) Students’ argumentative ability in the graduate thesis introductions was good which the students wrote their introduction by claiming the importance of the research (move 1 step 1), reviewing items of previous research (move 1 step 2), indicating a gap (move 2 step 2) and outlining the purposes (move 3 step 1). 2) The most difficult moves for students were move one step two (reviewing items of previous research), and move two step one (indicating a gap). It was identified based on the lowest score got by the students in each move. Therefore, it can be concluded that in writing thesis introductions, the students from Graduate Program of English Language Education at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar who completed their studies in 2021 followed Swales’ Pattern (1990).