Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Kurdish Diaspora's Use of Facebook in Shaping a Nation

This book strives to understand the use of Facebook as a social network site by the Kurdish diaspora. Accordingly, the main purpose of the book is to explore how Kurds search for and express their ethnic identity through Facebook. The Kurdish people have been suppressed by four countries—Turkey, Iraq, Iran, and Syria—for centuries and have thus been forced to cope with Turkish, Arabic, and Persian ethnic identity and forbidden to express Kurdish ethnic identity. This book reveals some of the most importance objectives and motivations behind the use of Facebook for Kurds in Norway and shows how Facebook features have been used to rekindle ties between the Kurds and to strengthen their ethnic identity. The Kurdish diaspora has been spread worldwide and the most effective way for the people to connect to each other in the diaspora is through social networking sites. Kurds in the diaspora make extensive use of social media to build ethnic identity. Kurds in the diaspora consider Facebook to be an important communication tool to strengthen their identity by discussing political issues and cultural aspects and reconnecting with friends and families they have lost contact with.
Customer satisfaction on the nursing services;A relationship among the expectation and the perceived performance and the willingness of reuse of patients on the nursing services

Purposes : The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation among Expectations, Performance-Perception, Willingness of reuse of hospital. Methods : The subjects of this study were 120 patients who were admitted in the hospitals over 1 week in Pusan. The data was collected by self-reporting questionnaires from Oct. 16th, to Nov. 5th, 2001. The data were analysed by SPSS/PC package using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : The results were as follows; 1) The mean score of Expectation was 3 and over. The highest item was 'equal treatment' and the lowest was 'safety in transaction'. 2) The mean score of Performance-Perception was 4 and under. The highest item was 'nurse' attractive appearance' and the lowest was 'equal treatment', 'kindness and etiquette'. 3) The mean score of Willingness of reuse was 3.11. 4) There was a statistical significance of the difference between Expectations and Performance-Perception. The highest difference item was 'equal treatment', and then the lowest difference item was 'working environment arrangement/order'. 5) There were statistically significant positive correlation among Expectations, Performance-Perception, and Willingness of reuse. The highest correlation was 0.89 between Performance-Perception and Willingness of reuse. Conclusions : Nursing managers have to develop nurse training programs for improving of patient's performance perception on nursing service.
The rough edges of the conservation genetics paradigm for plants

1 Small and isolated populations of species are susceptible to loss of genetic diversity, owing to random genetic drift and inbreeding. This loss of diversity may reduce the evolutionary potential to adapt to changing environments, and may cause immediate loss of fitness (cf. inbreeding depression). Together with other population size‐dependent stochastic processes, this may lead to increased probabilities of population extinction. 2 This set of processes and theories forms the core of conservation genetics and has developed into the conservation genetics paradigm. Many empirical studies have concentrated on the relationship between population size and genetic diversity, and in many cases evidence was found that small populations of plants do indeed have lower levels of genetic diversity and increased homozygosity. Although less empirical attention has been given to the relationship between low genetic diversity, fitness and, in particular, evolutionary potential, the paradigm is now widely accepted. 3 Here we present five areas of the paradigm which could be refined, i.e. the ‘rough’ edges of the conservation genetics paradigm. 4 Treating population size and isolation not as interchangeable parameters but as separate parameters affecting population genetics in different ways could allow more accurate predictions of the effects of landscape fragmentation on the genetic diversity and viability of populations. 5 There is evidence that inbreeding depression may be a genotype‐specific phenomenon, rather than a population parameter. This sheds new light on the link between population inbreeding depression and the expected increased probability of extinction. 6 Modern eco‐genomics offers the opportunity to study the population genetics of functional genes, to the extent that the role of selection can be distinguished from the effects of drift, and allowing improved insights into the effects of loss of genetic diversity on evolutionary potential. 7 Incorporating multispecies considerations may result in the generally accepted notion that small populations are at peril being called into question. For instance, small populations may be less capable of sustaining parasites or herbivores. 8 Comparative studies of endangered, common and invasive species may be a valuable approach to developing conservation biology from a phenomenological case study discipline into one investigating the general principles of what sustains biodiversity. 9 The issues discussed set an agenda for further research within conservation genetics and may lead to a further refinement of our understanding and prediction of the genetic effects of habitat fragmentation. They also underline the need to integrate ecological and genetic approaches to the conservation of biodiversity, rather than regarding them as opposites.
Bridging Academia and Industry: How Geographic Hubs Connect University Science and Corporate Technology

Innovative firms rely increasingly on academic science, yet they exploit only a small fraction of all academic discoveries. Which discoveries in academia do firms build upon? We posit that hubs play the role of bridges between academic science and corporate technology. Tracking citations from patents to approximately 10 million academic articles, we find that hubs facilitate the flow of academic science into corporate inventions in two ways. First, hub-based discoveries in academia are of higher quality and are more applied. Second, firms—in particular young, innovative, science-oriented ones—pay disproportionate attention to hub-based discoveries. We address concerns regarding unobserved heterogeneity by confirming the role of firms’ attention to hub-based science in a set of 147 simultaneous discoveries. Importantly, hubs not only facilitate localized knowledge flow but also extend the geographic reach of academic science, attracting the attention of distant firms. This paper was accepted by Ashish Arora, entrepreneurship and innovation.
Benoît Cœuré: The international dimension of the ECB's asset purchase programme

Yet, in a world of integrated financial markets, purchase programmes do not only have domestic effects. This has been recognised by policymakers in the past. For example, there has been a lively debate about the effects of the Federal Reserve’s purchase programmes on financing conditions in emerging market economies. [2] However, less attention has been paid to this aspect in the case of the euro area – that is, the international spillovers of the ECB’s asset purchase programme (APP).
Early Resolution of Uncertainty: Evidence from Equity Options

We offer evidence that exposures to consumption growth, expected consumption growth, and consumption volatility are significantly priced in the cross-section of delta-hedged option and straddle returns. Consumption growth and expected consumption growth command a positive risk premium, whereas consumption volatility commands a negative risk premium. In a representative-agent economy with recursive preferences, our results suggest that investors prefer early resolution of uncertainty. Our results further suggest that consumption risk exposures provide rational foundations for well-known relations between option moneyness or idiosyncratic underlying-stock volatility and the cross-section of delta-hedged option or straddle returns.
Essays on Efficiency of Reorganization Process : A Life Cycle Approach

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of firms (n = 60) that have interrupted their reorganisation proceedings under Finnish Company Reorganization Act (comparable to Chapter 11 in Bankruptcy Act in the USA) during the period 1 June 2008–31 May 2009. Cluster analysis is applied to estimate the differences in characteristics of interrupted firms. The results show that the firms are statistically significantly different in terms of prefiling financial ratios. There are also some statistically significant differences in non-financial characteristics among the groups. Overall, the empirical evidence is consistent with a view that the interruptions are primarily caused by inefficient reorganisation proceedings.
Ezrin Protein Non-expression and Prognosis of Patients with Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma

To investigate the significance of Ezrin protein expression in prognosis of squamous cell lung carcinoma,immunohistochemistry for Ezrin protein was done in 96 patients with squamous cell lung carcinoma.Additionally,the correlation between Ezrin expression and the clinicopathological features of squamous cell lung carcinoma,and the relationship between prognostic factors and patient overall survival was also analyzed.The results showed that,Ezrin protein expression in 40 cases of squamous cell lung carcinoma(41.67%) was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues(91.67%),and Ezrin non-expression rate were positively correlated with tumor size,pathologic stage,and differentiation;Ezrin non-expression rate emerged as a significantly independent hazard factor(HR: 0.292,95%CI: 0.141-0.606,P=0.001) for overall survival in squamous cell lung carcinoma as well as the pathologic stage,and metastasis.Therefore,Ezrin non-expression predicts a poor prognosis in the squamous cell lung carcinoma.
Nutritional strategies to improve nitrogen efficiency and reduce nitrogen excretion of lactating dairy cows

Accurate prediction of amino acids (AA) reaching the intestine is imperative if reduction in N excretion by dairy cows is to be achieved through nutrition strategies. Provision of feed amino acids to the metabolizable supply is dependent on the rumen degradability of protein sources and their digestibility in the intestine. In the first experiment, we hypothesized that milk production and composition could be maintained and dietary crude protein (CP) decreased to improve efficiency of N utilization through selection of highly intestinally digestible rumen undegradable protein (RUP) and supplementation of Met. Sixty cows in their fourth week of lactation were assigned to four diets for 12 weeks in a balanced randomized block design. Diets differed in estimated digestibility RUP (high vs. low), CP concentration (17 vs. 18.3%), and supplementation of Met in rumen degradable and undegradable forms. Diets contained equal concentrations of net energy for lactation (NEL), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ash. Maintaining the higher concentration of dietary RUP while increasing metabolizable protein (MP) concentration through higher intestinal digestibility of RUP (HiCP-HiDRUP), and decreasing dietary CP and supplementing Met (LoCP-HiDRUP + Met) increased milk yield and component production over the control (HiCP-LoDRUP). Both higher digestibility of the RUP source and supplemental Met were necessary to maintain milk production when reducing CP in the diet. Supplemental
Creative Corporate Culture and Innovation

We identify creative companies by means of a textual analysis that hinges on the competing values framework. We show that a creative corporate culture is an important driver of innovation, as measured by the number of patents as well as the patents’ importance as captured by patents’ citations and market values. A portfolio of creative companies earns significantly positive annual four-factor alphas. We quantify potential biases that could be induced by the omission of relevant variables by formally examining coefficient movements after inclusion of controls.
Do Detail and Its Verifiability Serve as Indicators of Strategy Effectiveness and as Sources of Credibility in Voluntary Qualitative Disclosure?

This article examines whether detail and its verifiability serve as indicators of strategy effectiveness and provide sources of credibility in voluntary qualitative disclosure. In an archival study, utilizing a difference-in-difference research design, we find that firms that introduce customer retention strategy disclosures with verifiable detail are more effective at retaining customers than are firms that introduce disclosures with nonverifiable detail. In contrast, we find no significant difference between the performance of firms that initiate disclosures with verifiable detail and that of firms that initiate disclosures with no detail. In an experimental study, we find that customer retention strategy disclosures that include either verifiable or nonverifiable detail are perceived to be more credible than disclosures that provide no detail. In combination, we infer it is the verifiability of detail that predicts strategy effectiveness consistent with the disclosure, despite detail invoking perceived credibility in such disclosure.
Bloggers at Crossroads: An Exploration of Bloggers’ Adaptation to Post-Revolution Tunisia

BLOGGERS AT CROSSROADS: AN EXPLORATION OF BLOGGERS’ ADAPTATION TO POST-REVOLUTION TUNISIA Nicolas Laflamme Advisor: University of Guelph, 2018 Dr. Janine Clark This thesis examines the extent to which bloggers’ have adapted their practices and behaviors after the Revolution in Tunisia. This inductive qualitative research merged two bodies of literature (digital politics’ literature and Sociologie des usages’ literature) in order to build an innovative theoretical framework and three exploratory categories of analysis: i) change of bloggers’ profile, ii) change of the platform and the use of ICTs, and iii) change of the targeted audience. Indeed, this paper argues that bloggers adapted to the new political and media environment by questioning their individual motivation to express online and their writing style, by maximizing their use of digital new platforms following their potentials for content production and diffusion, and by partially adjusting their practices to their audience’s needs and expectations.
Financial Literacy at WPI: An Investigation into the Current State and Recommendations for Educational Improvement

Financial literacy is important because it leads to better financial decision making, but has been severely lacking in college students due to poor or nonexistent high school education. Our goals were to find the current state of WPI student financial literacy and to determine whether past education has been effective, as well as finding the optimal educational method for WPI students. These goals were accomplished by surveying and interviewing WPI undergraduates, graduates, alumni, and professionals in the field of finance. We then synthesized all of our collected data and drew conclusions and offered recommendations for the improvement and maintenance of the current programs in order to foster a better financial literacy educational program.
Graduate unemployment and unemployability in Kenya: transforming university education to cope with market demands and the lessons for Africa

The graduate labour market has changed considerably. There are more and more university graduates experiencing difficulties in entering the graduate labour market. The greatest challenge for graduates in this era will be to develop themselves to become employable. Any university seeking relevance today must produce graduates who would employ people rather than searching for employment. This study has looked at best practices from around Africa and also the national manifestations of graduate unemployment. Using as example three innovative practices in Kenyan universities, the study concludes that there are a lot of opportunities available in Kenya through which universities could forge partnerships for purposes of addressing the graduate unemployability situation. It stresses on the need to develop graduate development and employment programs; introduction of the skills training and employment placement programs; micro and small enterprise development and commitment of the government through budgetary provisions for youth entrepreneurship and particularly targeting graduates.
Education and Social Trust in Transitional China

It is commonly held that education generates higher trust in others. In this article we consider how education might affect trust in transitional China where sociopolitical risks are widespread. We adopt an instrumental variable approach utilizing China’s two educational reforms––the Compulsory Education Law (1986) and the University Enrollment Expansion (1999)––as IVs. Analyzing data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies, we show a causal negative effect of education on trust in China. We also show education and risk awareness interact to shape trust: the negative effect of risk awareness on trust is stronger among the better educated. Taken together, the findings not only contribute to a recent debate on whether modernization has an erosive impact on social cohesion in China, but they also shed light on how education might affect trust differently across sociopolitical contexts.
Higher education at the crossroads: an overview paper

The Australian Government is undertaking a comprehensive review of the higher education sector to ensure that Australia’s higher education institutions are best placed to contribute to the nation’s future. This overview paper outlines the expectations of higher education and sets out some of the characteristics of the current system, the challenges the system faces and a number of the key issues that affect higher education. It raises a number of questions that are intended to inform the debate and invites comments and submissions on the issues it raises as well as on other issues relating to higher education. Included as attachments are: Background and statistics; Main policy developments of the last thirty years; Some different national structures of higher education; Diversity and performance of Australian universities.
ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: COMPONENTS AND ORGANIZATIONAL MECHANISMS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT

ABSTRACT Purpose: The objective of this study is to understand how the process of absorptive capacity (ACAP) is developed, by analyzing the behaviors and abilities of a group of companies, their routines and processes and the mechanisms of learning and knowledge governance. The companies operate in the metal mechanics sector and they are based in the southern region of Brazil. Originality/value: The relevance consists of the operationalization of component elements and in the development of organizational mechanisms of dynamic capacity (Meirelles & Camargo, 2014), as means of ACAP development (Wang & Ahmed, 2007) in organizations belonging to the metal mechanics sector. Design/methodology/approach: It is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive empirical research, carried out by a multiple case study. It seeks to investigate in detail three organizations of the metal mechanics sector, by analyzing the procedures, resources, mechanisms, and systems, which makes it possible for them to develop absorptive capacities. Content analysis was performed in order to analyze the data. Findings: The researched companies develop absorptive capacity through some behaviors and abilities, such as relationship capacity, learning capacity, and people’s training capacity, and through routines and processes, especially information search routines, market monitoring routines and risk management. Finally, the researched companies develop absorptive capacity by learning mechanisms and knowledge governance, such as researches, information exchange among clients, suppliers and other companies.
Economic Freedom of North America 2022

Economic Freedom of North America measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. It includes a subnational index for comparison of individual jurisdictions (provincial/state and municipal/local governments) within the same country, and an all-government index for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. For the subnational index, Economic Freedom of North America employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. In the case of the all-government index, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
Understanding the wine tourism experience: The roles of facilitators, constraints, and involvement

Understanding the wine tourism experience is indispensable to the development of a wine tourism destination. This study tested an integrated model to obtain a better understanding of the wine tourism experience. The proposed model included both perceived wine tourism facilitators and constraints to examine their effects on wine tourism experience and tested the moderating role of involvement in these effects. Using Chinese outbound wine tourists in Australia as the study sample, this study identified that winery fame, interpersonal facilitators, and local attractions are three facilitating factors, while personal language and transportation barriers and time and information barriers were the perceived constraining factors. Both interpersonal facilitators and local attractions positively affected wine tourism experience; however, winery fame negatively influenced wine tourism experience. The study found that involvement moderated the effects of facilitators/constraints on wine tourism experience. For high-involvement wine tourists, the effect of local attractions is pronounced, while interpersonal facilitator negatively influences their wine tourism experience. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
The influence of institutional context on corporate social responsibility disclosure: a case of a developing country

ABSTRACT In this paper, we examine the influence of the institutional environment on the adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD) in Libya. In doing so, we use isomorphism as a neo-institutionalist theoretical construction that explores whether institutional factors act as pressures for CSRD practices. Using a qualitative method, the findings show that, despite managers perceive some coercive, mimetic and normative pressures interplay to influence CSRD, the revision of the firms’ laws and policies and the establishment of CSRD regulations and monitoring institutions should be established and undertaken to improve accounting disclosure. The results propose important implications for adapting CSRD for firms and policy-makers in developing countries.