Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HIGH TEMPERATURE FLOW SOLVER FOR AEROTHERMODYNAMICS PROBLEMS

OF DISSERTATION HIGH TEMPERATURE FLOW SOLVER FOR AEROTHERMODYNAMICS PROBLEMS A weakly ionized hypersonic flow solver for the simulation of reentry flow is firstly developed at the University of Kentucky. This code is the fluid dynamics module of known as Kentucky Aerothermodynamics and Thermal Response System (KATS). The solver uses a second-order finite volume approach to solve the laminar Navier– Stokes equations, species mass conservation and energy balance equations for flow in chemical and thermal non-equilibrium state, and a fully implicit first-order backward Euler method for the time integration. The hypersonic flow solver is then extended to account for very low Mach number flow using the preconditioning and switch of the convective flux scheme to AUSM family. Additionally, a multi-species preconditioner is developed. The following part of this work involves the coupling of a free flow and a porous medium flow. A new set of equation system for both free flows and porous media flows is constructed, which includes a Darcy–Brinkmann equation for momentum, mass conservation, and energy balance equation. The volume-average technique is used to evaluate the physical properties in the governing equations. Instead of imposing interface boundary conditions, this work aims to couple the free/porous problem through flux balance, therefore, flow behaviors at the interface are satisfied implicitly.
LES and experimental studies of cold and reacting flow in a swirled partially premixed burner with and without fuel modulation

In devices where air and fuel are injected separately, combustion processes are influenced by oscillations of the air flow rate but may also be sensitive to fluctuations of the fuel flow rate entering the chamber. This paper describes a joint experimental and numerical study of the mechanisms controlling the response of a swirled, complex geometry combustor burning natural gas and air. The flow is first characterized without combustion and LDV results are compared to Large Eddy Simulation (LES) data. The non-pulsated reacting regime is then studied and characterized in terms of heat release field. Finally the fuel flow rate is pulsated at several amplitudes and the response of the chamber is analyzed using phase-locked averaging and acoustic analysis. Results show that LES and acoustic analysis predict the flame dynamics in this complex configuration with accuracy when heat losses (radiation and convection) are accounted for.
Composition of Oil after Hydrothermal Treatment of Cabonate-Siliceous and Carbonate Domanic Shale Rocks

The hydrocarbon compositions of shale oils, generated from two different lithological–facial Domanic deposits of the Tatarstan Republic (Russia), were studied under hydrothermal impact with 30% of water addition in a 350 °С and CO2 environment. The samples were extracted from carbonate–siliceous rocks of the Semiluky–Mendym deposits of the Berezovskaya area, and carbonate deposits of the Dankovo–Lebedyan horizon of the Zelenogorskaya area of the Romashkino oil field. The distinctive features of rocks are in the composition and content of organic matter (OM), its thermal stability, as well as the structural-group composition of the shale oil products. The hydrothermal treatment of the rock samples increased the content of saturates and decreased the content of aromatics, resins and asphaltenes in the composition of crude oil. The decomposition of the polymer-like kerogen structure and destruction processes of high-molecular compounds, such as resins and asphaltenes, are accompanied with the formation of substances highly rich in carbons—carbenes and carboids. The contents of n-alkanes and acyclic isoprenoids increase in the composition of saturated hydrocarbons. According to the chemical classification of Al. A. Petrov, the character of the molecular mass distribution of such substances corresponds to oil type A1, which is considered paraffinic. The contents of dibenzothiophene, naphthalene and phenanthrene are increased in the composition of aromatic hydrocarbons, while the contents of tri-methyl-alkyl-benzene and benzothiophene are decreased. The increase in the aryl isoprenoid ratio (AIR = С13–С17/С18–С22) and maturity parameter (4-MDBT/1-MDBT) under the influences of hydrothermal factors indicates the increasing thermal maturity degree of the hydrocarbon system. The differences in the distribution behavior of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons—biomarkers in rocks of various lithological-facies types, which are reasoned by different conditions of initial organic matter transformation as well as under the impact of hydrothermal factors—were revealed.
Psychosocial Adjustment and Adherence to Medication in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis

Objective: This descriptive study was conducted to determine psychosocial adjustment and adherence to medication of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients in two different tertiary centers between July 2015 and November 2016. Methods: This study was completed with 54 MG patients. Data was collected using the Introductory Information Form, the Modified Morisky Scale and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale - Self-Rating Scale (PAIS-SR) in Turkish. Results: In this study, it was determined that 48.1% of the patients achieved a good level of psychosocial adjustment to MG. It was found that the patients' medication adherence (59.3%) was moderate. No statistically significant relationship was found between patients’ psychosocial adjustment to their disease and adherence to medication (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the psychosocial adjustment of MG patients to be at a good level and adherence to medication of patients was moderate. This study found that MG patients’ psychosocial adjustment does not affect their medication compliance.
Økologiske fødevarer og menneskets sundhed

Okologiske fodevarer er genstand for stigende forbrugerinteresse og politisk opmaerksomhed i hele den vestlige verden i disse ar. Det er i den forbindelse blevet et stadig vaesentligere tema hvorvidt okologiske fodevarer kan anses for at have saerlige sundhedsfremmende og sygdomsforebyggende egenskaber. Pa anbefaling af Det Okologiske Fodevarerad bevilgede Strukturdirektoratet i efteraret 1999 derfor midler til at fa samlet den faktuelle viden om okologiske fodevarers sundhedsmaessige betydning. Det Okologiske Fodevarerad anbefalede at denne sammenstilling af viden skulle benyttes som fundament for ivaerksaettelse af ny forskning til yderligere belysning af emnet.
Epidemiology and comorbidities of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Spain during the period 2002-2017

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune rheumatic disease that is associated with multiple comorbidities and has a significant economic impact on the Spanish health system. The objective of this study was to estimate the hospital burden of rheumatoid arthritis, its variants and their associated comorbidities. Methods: Observational descriptive study that reviewed hospital records from the CMBD. We included all hospitalizations of patients in Spain whose main diagnosis or comorbidity in the ICD-9-CM was rheumatoid arthritis during the period of 2002-2017. Results: A total of 315,190 hospitalizations with the RA code were recorded; 67.3% were in women. The mean age of the patients was 68.5 ± 13.9 years. The median length of hospital stay was 7 days (IQR 3-11 days). In 29,809 of the admissions, RA was coded as the main diagnosis (9.4%). When RA was not coded as the main diagnosis, the most frequent main diagnoses were diseases of the circulatory system (18.9%) and diseases of the respiratory system (17.4%). The hospitalization rate during the period of 2002-2017 was 43.8 (95% CI: 43.7-44.0) per 100,000 inhabitants. The total cost for the healthcare system was 1.476 million euros, with a median of 3,542 euros per hospitalization (IQR 2,646-5,222 euros). Conclusions: In Spain, the highest hospitalization rates for RA were registered within the continental climate region. The hospitalization rate of patients with RA increased during the study period, despite the decrease in the hospitalization rate when RA was the main diagnosis.
Energetic cost and balance control mechanisms in human locomotion

3. PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS 05/13-06/16 NIH Post-doctoral Associate, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Dept., Brown University, Advisor: Thomas J. Roberts, Ph.D. 04/12-04/13 NIH Postdoctoral Fellow, Integrative Physiology of Aging (T32), University of Colorado Boulder, Advisor: Roger M. Enoka, Ph.D. 01/12-04/12 Research Assistant, Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder 08/11-12/11 Biomechanics Teaching Assistant, Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder 08/08-08/11 Fellow, NASA-Harriett G. Jenkins Pre-Doctoral Fellowship Program 01/07-08/08 Biomechanics Teaching Assistant, Health and Human Performance, University of Houston 09/06-01/07 Research Assistant, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston 05/06-08/06 Intern, National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), Anthropometrics and Biomechanics Facility, NASA Johnson Space Center 01/05-05/06 Teaching Fellow, Health and Human Performance, University of Houston 10/04-01/05 Research Staff, Health and Human Performance, University of Houston 08/99-08/04 Laboratory Technical Supervisor I, Physics Department Laboratory, University of Texas at Austin
TESE DE DOUTORADO

O tema sobre a relação de cooperação Sul-Sul é de grande importância nas diversas áreas do conhecimento. Nesse caso, o objeto da tese foi o estudo sobre a Educação Profissional no contexto dessa cooperação, mais precisamente entre Brasil-Moçambique e o protagonismo dos setores empresariais brasileiros em Moçambique, no recorte temporal de 2003 a 2015. O recorte temporal corresponde aos dois mandatos presidenciais do Governo Lula (2003-2011), e aos mandatos de Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016). No segundo mandato da presidente Dilma, optamos por limitar o nosso estudo até 2015. A política externa brasileira para a África foi intensificada nos governos Lula, dando prosseguimento na expansão das relações de cooperação nos governos de Dilma Rousseff.
Fully differential current-mode third-order Butterworth VHF G/sub m/-C filter in 0.18 /spl mu/lm CMOS

The authors present a new fully differential current-mode third-order Butterworth very high frequency G m -C filter using current-mode linear transformation (CMLT) techniques. The systematic design method and procedure are developed to realise CMLT G m -C filters efficiently. A third-order Butterworth lowpass filter with 200 MHz cutoff frequency, embedded bandgap reference and bias circuit is implemented in a TSMC 0.18 mum 1P6M process. The total harmonic distortion of the proposed current-mode filter is -46.5 dB at 200 MHz with input signal 0.4 mA. Power dissipation is 16.77 mW under 1.8 V supply voltage. Its core area occupies 0.163times0.186 mm 2 . Both post-layout simulation and experimental results confirm the theoretical analysis. The proposed circuits can be extended to high-order Chebychev and elliptic filters
Deploying nanotechnology for oil and gas flow assurance: Understanding the transport and penetration of nano-particles in porous media

Scaling problem is one of the common engineering challenges in ‘flow assurance’ in the oil and gas industry. Since mechanical or chemical treatment frequently requires sacrifice in fluid production, it is often preferable to avoid this problem, for example by conducting a scale squeeze treatment. This treatment includes an injection of scale inhibitor to hinder scale formation in the rock. Its effectiveness corresponds to its attachment lifetime in the rock formation. This is where nanotechnology has an important role for its capability to enhance the attachment of the scale inhibitor on the rock surface. The question that arises is how and where the injected nanoparticles are distributed and attached on the walls of the rock pores. It is difficult and costly to perform evaluations in pores of a rock formation in an actual oil field. Therefore developing a computer simulation is necessary. This research has successfully demonstrated a development of simulator to explore the science and engineering of nanoparticle transport in microchannels. The phenomenon in the system are explored using a combination of model experimental systems and novel Finite Element Analysis (FEA) computational simulations of fluid flow in microchannels of porous structures. The effect of the advection, diffusion, microchannel’s surface roughness and curvature variety to the nanoparticle transport in the system are investigated. It is discovered that the adsorption is encouraged by diffusion when the advection is insignificant. When advection is significant, a plenty of injected nanoparticle is needed to achieve similar adsorption in a system with diffusion domination. Nanoparticles are transported less effectively in microchannel with high curvature configuration. The density of the adsorption distribution in this type of microchannel is less uniform than in microchannel with simpler curvature. Rough surface increases the adsorption, where the distribution of nanoparticles into dead-end region in the microchannel system is governed by diffusion. The modelling framework in this thesis is versatile to use for modelling any transport that is coupled with surface phenomenon in microchannel system by changing the utilised governing equations and assumptions.
RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES FOR THE SAFETY PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF HIGHWAY APPURTENANCES

Procedures are presented for conducting vehicle crash tests and in-service evaluation of roadside appurtenances. Appurtenances covered by these procedures are (1) longitudinal barriers such as bridge rails, guardrails, median barriers, transitions, and terminals; (2) crash cushions; and (3) breakaway or yielding supports for signs and luminaires. The purpose of the procedures is to promote the uniform testing and in-service evaluation of roadside appurtenances so that highway engineers may confidently compare safety performance of two or more designs that are tested and evaluated by different agencies. These procedures are guidelines that describe how an appurtenance should be tested and evaluated; the selection of specific new, existing, or modified appurtenances for testing and evaluation, the establishment of acceptable performance criteria are policy decisions that are beyond the purview of this document. These procedures are devised to subject highway appurtenances to severe vehicle impact conditions rather than to "typical" or the more predominant highway situations. For vehicle crash testing, specific impact conditions are presented for vehicle mass, speed, approach angle, and point on appurtenance to be hit. Vehicle types considered are mini-compact, subcompact, and standard size passenger sedans, intercity and utility type buses, and tractor-trailer cargo trucks. Impact speeds range from 20 to 60 mph (32 to 97 kph), and approach angles vary from 0 to 25 deg. Three appraisal factors are presented for evaluating the crash test performance: structural adequacy, occupant risk, and vehicle after-collision trajectory. Depending on the appurtenance's function, it should contain, redirect, or permit controlled penetration of the impacting vehicle in a predictable manner to satisfy structural adequacy requirements.
Evaluation of salivary flow, level of anxiety, and quality of life among elderly patients rehabilitated with removable prostheses

Background: Complete or partial edentulous patients have difficulties performing functional tasks such as eating, chewing, and speaking, and this may affect their quality of life. The successful rehabilitation of these patients depends on emotional and psychosocial factors and on patients’ expectation regarding rehabilitation.Objectives: To examine the effect of complete or partial removable prostheses on quality of life, salivary flow, and anxiety level of wearers. Methods: Total and partial bimaxillary edentulous patients who needed rehabilitation by complete or partial removable prostheses were selected. The quality of life, salivary flow, and level of anxiety of patients were assessed using the following questionnaires: Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index, Visual Analog Scale for xerostomia, and Anxiety Inventory. The questionnaires were used at three time points: three months before the insertion of the prostheses, at the time of insertion, and three months after the insertion of the prostheses.Results: Our study cohort included more women (62.5%) than men (37.5%), with an average age of 65.25 years. The insertion of removable prostheses significantly influenced the quality of life, anxiety level, and salivary flow of its wearers, while decreasing the sensation of xerostomia.Conclusions: It was deduced that the insertion of complete or partial removable prostheses influences the quality of life, anxiety level, and salivary flow of its wearers.
Advanced LPCVD ZnO - Challenges in application for thin film solar cells and modules

Ethanol is used as a precursor during the growth of zinc oxide (ZnO) by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). By adding ethanol, the surface of the deposited ZnO layer is flattened and its roughness is decreased about sevenfold. The layers become increasingly stressed and their resistivity grows significantly. The present work proposes an explanation for the observed behavior based on the catalytic decomposition of ethanol at the ZnO surface and on the growth of selected crystal planes. By using ethanol for the last 10 % of the total ZnO layer growth only, sheet resistance is maintained and roughness is slightly decreased. The results indicate that such LPCVD ZnO bilayers could be a promising method to modify the ZnO surface morphology before cell deposition, thus providing an alternative to argon plasma treatment, which is typically reported to improve solar cell parameters such as open-circuit voltage and fill factor. The introduction of an advanced LPCVD boron-doped ZnO (ZnO:B) into the production line at Bosch Solar Thin Film in Erfurt, Germany, is presented. Here the ZnO:B is deposited with a LPCVD production tool on 1.1 × 1.3m glass substrates. Early results on a laboratory scale of this advanced transparent conductive oxide (ATCO) type were published by Ding et al. [1,2]. For an ATCO, they combined a highly doped ZnO:B seed layer with a low-doped ZnO:B bulk layer. Compared to a standard ZnO:B (Std-TCO), which is homogeneously doped across the total layer thickness, the ATCO possesses enhanced optical and electrical properties. Comparing the ATCO with the Std-TCO, equal in layer thickness (1800nm) and sheet resistance (16 to 17Ω), the ATCO possesses slightly better transmittance. Furthermore, the ATCO showed 37 % haze, which is 3 to 5 % absolute more haze compared to the Std-TCO. After ATCO optimization, a complete micromorph solar module was fabricated, incorporating this new advanced LPCVD ZnO:B layer as the front electrode. An initial module power of 153.7Wp was achieved. Here the unit Wp indicates that the module was tested under standardized test conditions. The power output was determined at 25 °C with a light illumination power of 1000W/m. The light spectrum was adjust to be equivalent to an terrestrial solar spectrum with an air mass 1.5 characteristic. For the first time the present work introduces a novel degradation effect of the ZnO, which is observed for ZnO layers deposited on commercially available soda-lime glass. When an electric field is applied, the potential induced anodic degradation causes a
Handbook of Research on Pedagogical Innovations for Sustainable Development

Education is a key component for progress in both the developed and developing world. It is imperative that society has access to new strides made in the area of sustainability so that current global challenges are resolved. Handbook of Research on Pedagogical Innovations for Sustainable Development brings together case study examples in the fields of sustainability, sustainable development, and education for sustainable development. This book will be an essential reference for educators, teachers, trainers at all levels of education, sustainable development practitioners, education policy makers, and the public at large.
Principles, criteria and indicators: applying Ockham’s Razor to the people-forestry link

This concept paper addresses those elements in the people-forest interface which we perceive as critical to sustainable forest management, based on our own training and experience, as well as two field tests of the conceptual framework (in Kalimantan and Cte dOIvoire ). Initially, we define our use of important terms, like sustainability, well being/needs, and people; and make clear some of our assumptions. We briefly allude to four pertinent conceptual and policy issues, including the role of people in relation to the forest; the significance of maintaining cultural diversity; the relationships among cultural integrity, culture change, and stakeholder participation; and finally, policy issues pertaining to land use, population, and peopleOs participation. The body of the paper discusses two principles, each with three associated criteria. An appendix lists principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers found useful in our field tests. We conclude briefly by describing future research plans, focused on refining our definitions of stakeholders, testing the importance of intergenerational access to resources and peopleOs participation in sustainable forest management, and testing the applicability of such criteria and indicators for community forestry contexts.
Natural Rail Hazards: Detection Technology Evaluation

The main objective of this review was to provide the railway industry with a critical assessment of available or potential real-time track hazard detection technologies together with the tools to critique future technologies as they are developed. This project dealt primarily with those technologies identified at the Kananaskis Workshop on Slide and Washout Hazards. In the first part of the review the technologies identified were entered into a ranking matrix (interactive Excel© spreadsheet) according to identified priorities, the most important of which was real-time capability. A total of 26 technologies were identified and ranked. Issues such as technology maturity, potential and applicability were addressed. In the second part of the review, two highly ranked technologies, ground-based radar interferometry and fiber optics, were selected for a more critical evaluation. The evaluation was done at a level consistent with a pre-feasibility level program. The main goal was to evaluate the different technologies on a per rail meter (i.e., the alignment along the length of the railway track) baseline according to their ability to satisfy specific requirements. A proposal from the fiber-optic technology company is also presented.