Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF AMRAZ-E GOSH (OTOLOGICAL DISEASES) AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG SECONDARY LEVEL SCHOOL CHILDREN IN THE FIELD AREA OF NIUM, BANGALORE

Preventable otological diseases/conditions have been found to be significant health problem amongst children. The most common ear problems found among school children are impacted wax, acute and chronic suppurative otitis media, hearing impairment and foreign bodies etc . The present study was a cross sectional conducted in 546 school children of either gender upto 8th standard in age group of 5-15 years for ear diseases/conditions, in three selected schools in the field area of NIUM, Bengaluru, in one year duration. A pretested and semi structured questionnaire was designed in such a manner that more information regarding demographic profile, assessment of various otological diseases/disorders and associa ted risk factors in children could be collected. The present study revealed that 352 (64.47%) were found having otological conditions. Among them otological conditions were found in 121 (34.37%) and 231 (65.62%) in age group of 5-10 and 11-15 years respectively. Out of total number of enrolled students 319 (58.42%) were girls and 227 (41.58%) were boys. Among them otological conditions were found in 212 (60.23%) girls and in140 (39.77%) in boys. In the present study otological conditions were found more in females than males and more affected children were from lower socioeconomic status. The present study showed that female gender, higher age group and lower socioeconomic status were the risk factors for various otological conditions. Further it was revealed that there was strong relationship between otological conditions and school children; it was also revealed that some risk factors, like female gender, higher age group and lower socioeconomic status are directly related to otological conditions in school children.
Bandwidth Allocation-Based Switched Dynamic Triggering Control Against DoS Attacks

This note is concerned with bandwidth allocation-based switched dynamic triggering control under DoS attacks and time delay. To prevent DoS attacks from causing open-loop unstable operation of the system with single-channel transmission, we present a primary-redundancy (PR) communication structure on the basis of limited bandwidth allocation; the correlation of communication delay bound between PR channels is introduced. To save the limited bandwidth, we propose a dynamic the event-triggered mechanism (DETM). Then, a switched delay system model is established to describe system dynamic driven by primary channel control, redundancy channel control, and unstable operation under DoS attacks. Further, by using the convex combination method, a switching law for PR channel is designed with the aim of keeping the concealment of the redundancy channel. With the switching law, a criterion of exponential stability is obtained by using piecewise Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional method. A co-design method is proposed to obtain feedback control gains, DETM parameters and switching law parameters. Finally, two simulation examples are illustrated to verify the validness of our proposed method.
Comparing Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and IOTN in Determining the Orthodontic Treatment Needs of Qazvin Students

Background: Dierent indices have been used to determine orthodontic treatment needs such as the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and the index of orthodontic treatment needs (IOTN). Objectives: The present study was carried on to compare the dental aesthetic index (DAI) and the IOTN's dental health component (DHC) in assessment of orthodontic treatment needs of 11 - 14 year old schoolchildren in Qazvin. Methods: In a cross-sectional descriptive study, 250 of 11 - 14 year old schoolchildren from two school districts of Qazvin were selected by a two-stage stratified cluster sampling method and their AC scores were determined according to the orthodontist and child's own idea. Also the subjects' DHC and DAI scores were determined according to the existing standards. The patients' demographic data were recorded by means of a questionnaire and correlations between AC's as determined by the subject and by the orthodontist, as well as scores of the DHC and the DAI, were analyzed using Spearman correlation ratio. Results: The mean of AC score as determined by the subject was 2.556, while the scores by the orthodontist were 4.308; while DHC score was 2.60 and DAI score was 26.86. The coecient of correlation between students and specialist AC, students AC and DAI, specialist AC and DHC, specialist AC and the DAI,DHC and the DAI, students AC and DHC was respectively 0.269, 0.262, 0.549, 0.506,0.794(In all cases P < 0.0001) and 0.202 (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Existence of a positive and significant relationship between the AC, the DHC and the DAI indicates their potential for determining the need for orthodontic treatment. The highest need for orthodontic treatment was determined by the AC of the specialist and the lowest need by that of the patient. Only gender of the student had a significant eect on the values of the DHC and the DAI as determined by the specialist.
Large dielectric response of 0.6PMN-0.4PZN relaxor ferroelectric ceramic for multilayer capacitors

Abstract 0.6PMN-0.4PZN solid solution ceramic was synthesized employing two stage columbite route using sintering temperature range 1000–1170 °C for calcination temperature 800 °C and 850 °C, respectively. XRD and SEM characterization revealed single perovskite phase formation in ceramic between 1050 °C to 1100 °C. The highest density upto 94% was achieved for the composition under study. The excellent dielectric properties were obtained at lower sintering temperature 1000–1100 °C. Ceramics sintered between 1000 °C–1100 °C exhibit εmax≈14000 and 24000 at 1 kHz with Tc = 51–48 °C which is near room temperature. A good correlation was obtained between dielectric properties with structure, microstructure and density. The TCC values within the limit of Z5U capacitor specification reflect ceramics of composition 0.6PMN-0.4PZN is a potential candidate for MLC.
Efficacy of single-dose rasburicase in the management of tumor lysis syndrome: a case series from a regional cancer center in western India

Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncological emergency. Rasburicase (recombinant urate oxidase) has been proven to be an effective therapy for prevention of TLS and its serious consequences in patients with hematological malignancies such as acute leukemias with high white blood cells count, Burkitt lymphoma, and lymphoblastic lymphoma with high tumor burden. The US Food and Drug Administration recommended daily dosing regimen for 5 days is unaffordable by each and every patient in developing countries such as India. Recently, the conducted studies have clearly shown a similar efficacy for a single dose of rasburicase. Herein, we report a case series of 15 patients, including children and adults with hematologic malignancies, in whom TLS was managed by a single dose of rasburicase. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of single-dose rasburicase (SDR) (0.15 mg/kg intravenous infusion over 30 min) in patients with hematologic malignancies at risk for TLS. The drug was administered in five adult and 10 pediatric patients admitted to the Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute between January 2013 and December 2014. Results: The study included 15 patients, out of which 10 were pediatric (8 male:2 female) and five were adults (5 male:0 female). Patients with hematologic malignancies having Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0–2 and at high risk or potential risk for TLS were selected. The median ages in pediatric and adult groups were 7.7 years and 32 years, respectively. The presence of hyperuricemia (plasma uric acid (UA) levels ≥7.5 mg/dl) or a diagnosis of very aggressive lymphoma or leukemia based on the World Health Organization classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms in patients was classified as high-risk. Rasburicase was administered in a single dose of 0.15 mg/kg intravenously over 30 min. Patients were evaluated by clinical examination and blood biochemical tests at frequent intervals. Plasma samples for UA were collected at baseline before rasburicase, 6–24 h post-rasburicase, 48 h post-rasburicase, and daily during treatment. The blood samples for UA during the course of treatment were collected in prechilled tubes containing heparin and immediately immersed and transported on ice. The blood samples were analyzed within 4 h of collection. Serum electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium, and phosphorous were monitored daily during this period. A single dose of rasburicase produced a rapid and sustained therapeutic effect of lowering the plasma UA levels in all the 15 patients. Renal parameters normalized within 72 h. UA levels remained below 4 mg/dl throughout the administration of chemotherapy until discharge, and none of the patients required a repeat dosing of rasburicase. Conclusion: SDR is a highly economical and clinically effective way of managing patients with TLS and could serve as an alternative to the 5-day treatment in a resource-limited country such as India.
On the Length of Post-Model-Selection Confidence Intervals Conditional on Polyhedral Constraints

Abstract Valid inference after model selection is currently a very active area of research. The polyhedral method, introduced in an article by Lee et al., allows for valid inference after model selection if the model selection event can be described by polyhedral constraints. In that reference, the method is exemplified by constructing two valid confidence intervals when the Lasso estimator is used to select a model. We here study the length of these intervals. For one of these confidence intervals, which is easier to compute, we find that its expected length is always infinite. For the other of these confidence intervals, whose computation is more demanding, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for its expected length to be infinite. In simulations, we find that this sufficient condition is typically satisfied, unless the selected model includes almost all or almost none of the available regressors. For the distribution of confidence interval length, we find that the κ-quantiles behave like for κ close to 1. Our results can also be used to analyze other confidence intervals that are based on the polyhedral method.
Diseño óptimo de redes de riego a turnos y caracterización de su flexibilidad

En esta contribucion se presenta un algoritmo hibrido genetico-programacion no lineal para el diseno optimo de redes presurizadas de riego operando a turnos, y se implementa un indicador para evaluar la flexibilidad de los disenos resultantes del algoritmo hibrido. El objetivo principal es la minimizacion del costo economico de la red de tuberias y la evaluacion de la flexibilidad de los disenos del sistema. La investigacion considera como variables de decision la asignacion de turnos a las tomas de riego (hidrantes) y el dimensionado de las conducciones para reducir los costos de implementacion. Con los resultados de la optimizacion se analiza la flexibilidad de la red hidraulica con base en la reasignacion aleatoria de turno a los hidrantes, que simula las modificaciones susceptibles de ocurrir durante la explotacion de la red. Para validar el algoritmo, una vez calibrado, este fue aplicado al diseno de cuatro sectores de riego reales de Ecuador y Espana. Los resultados indican que los disenos obtenidos mejoran en costo y flexibilidad respecto a los encontrados con el algoritmo tradicional de la serie economica, y que la asignacion de los turnos es de suma importancia para minimizar los costos de inversion en tuberias, lo que a la vez constituye un factor determinante en la flexibilidad del sistema.
Early Results from LRF CLL4: A UK Multicenter Randomized Trial.

On behalf of the UK NCRI CLL Trials Group and the Adult Leukaemia Working Party. The CLL4 trial opened in 2/99 and closed in 10/04. 783 previously untreated patients were randomized and 6 were excluded. 12% of patients were entered from outside the UK (Argentina, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand and Russia). Median follow-up is 21 months. The male:female ratio was 2.8:1 and the distribution by Binet stages was A progressive 25%, B 45% and C 30%. One third of cases were aged <60 years, one third 70 years or over. Patients were randomized between chlorambucil (10mg/m2 x 7 days)(n=387) and fludarabine alone (FDR)(n=194) or in combination with cyclophosphamide (FC) (n=196). FDR and FC were given intravenously (IV) in the first 2 years (FDR 25mg/m2 x 5 days and FDR 25mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 250mg/m2 for 3 days). Early in 2001 oral FDR became available and the protocol was modified to allow its use: FDR 40mg/m2 x 5 days and FDR 24mg/m2 plus cyclo 150mg/m2, both for 5 days. Differences between the IV and oral formulations will be presented elsewhere in this meeting (Hillmen et al). Responses were assessed by bone marrow biopsies. Responses to treatment are summarized in the table below in 661 patients with available data. Within each age group treatment affected response (CR+nodPR v PR/NR/PD: p=0.0003 for <60 years, p<0.0002 for 60–69 years and p=0.002 for ≥70 years) with highest responses with FC and lowest with chlorambucil. The toxicities profile showed more neutropenia with FC (55%) than FDR (40%) and chlorambucil (29%) and more hospitalisations with FC and FDR. However, and as reported in ASH 2004, there were more hemolytic anemias after chlorambucil (13%) than with FDR (10%) and FC (4%). There was more nausea/vomiting and alopecia with FC than with the other regimens. Progression free survival (PFS) up to 10/04 showed fewer events with FC (O/E 0.5) than FDR (O/E 1.1) and chlorambucil (O/E 1.3); FDR+FC v Chl p<0.00005; FC v FDR p<0.0005. PFS at 3 years is chlorambucil 23%, FDR 31% and FC 62%. Analysis of survival thus far showed no differences between the three regimens. We conclude that the combination of FC is associated with a greater quality of responses, more myelotoxicity and less hemolytic anemia than FDR and chlorambucil and it could become the new standard regimen for CLL upon which future regimes will build. CLL4 has generated a wealth of prognostic information: FISH, VH mutations, expression of CD38 and ZAP-70 which will allow a better characterization of risk groups and their response to first-line therapy. Some of these analyses will be presented in this meeting (Oscier et al). | | Chlorambucil | FDR | FC | |:------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----- | ----- | | * within the first year and not assessable for response | | No. patients | 309 | 176 | 176 | | Complete Response (CR) | 8% | 15% | 37.5% | | Nodular partial response (NPR) | 18.5% | 27% | 22% | | Partial response (PR) | 42.5% | 35% | 31% | | No response/progressive disease (NR/PD) | 28% | 18.5% | 6.5% | | Died early* | 3% | 4.5% | 3% |
Assimilation of dolomite by Bushveld Magmas in the Flatreef; Implications for the origin of Ni-Cu-PGE mineralization and the Precambrian atmosphere

The formation of the Platreef in the northern limb of the Bushveld Complex remains unresolved, as does the stratigraphic correlation of the northern limb to that in the wider Bushveld Complex. This is largely due to intense contamination by country rocks modifying the stratigraphy. However, the Flatreef, located down-dip of the Platreef, is relatively less contaminated and offers an opportunity to evaluate the potential correlation between the different limbs of the Bushveld Complex.The present study, focussing on 2 drill cores intersecting the Flatreef (UMT081 and UMT094), has utilised geochemical, isotopic and geochronological data to characterise the Flatreef. Modelling the Flatreef using Mg-Nd-O isotopes indicates that the lower portions of the Flatreef in particular have been affected by contamination. The upper portions have been much less affected, showing important lithological and compositional similarities to the UCZ of the WBC. The present study has also provided the first high-precision U-Pb single-zircon geochronology data for the Flatreef, with ages of purported Merensky Reef overlapping with those of the WBC. In addition, the geochronological data show that the Bastard and UG2 reefs are younger than their hangingwall rocks, supporting a model of out-of-sequence sill emplacement in the Flatreef. The origin of PGE mineralization in the Flatreef remains less clear. Well mineralized sills such as the Bastard Reef imply sulphides were entrained in magmas prior to emplacement. However, elevated grade where the northern limb intrudes dolomitic floor rocks suggests contamination by calcareous sediments and mineralization are linked. In addition, it is likely that the assimilation of calcareous sediments by Flatreef magmas in addition to devolatization of calcareous sediments and dolomites in the wider metamorphic aureole of the Bushveld Complex released significant volumes of CO2 into the Precambrian atmosphere and potentially played a role in the global Shunga Event, whose age coincides with that of the Bushveld Complex.
On the Possibility of Testing the Weak Equivalence Principle Using Cosmological Data Sets

The Equivalence Principle (EP) is the most fundamental concept of Einstein’s General Relativistic theory of gravity (GR) which currently serves as the leading theory in modern cosmology governing the dynamical evolution of the universe. Following the observations of the seemingly accelerating expansion of the universe there is a consensus for models assuming the existence of a theoretical “dark energy” component. There is an unsettling rift between the prediction of this component from quantum field theoretical arguments and the value inferred from observations of the expansion rate, causing tension regarding the validity of GR as an accurate theory of cosmological modelling. Since the EP is an integral part of GR, there is precedence for providing more thorough tests of its implications. Currently, the conviction in the EP is mostly based on rigorous tests performed within the confinements of our galactic vicinity. As such, it is an interesting proposition to investigate the EP on a grander scale, where the e↵ects of cosmology can be considered, to possibly further our understanding on these issues. In this thesis we investigate the possibility of testing the EP using spectral lag data of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) combined with Shapiro time delay data inferred from the large-scale matter distribution of the universe. We motivate a model for the cosmological Shapiro delay that is described by the gravitational potential fluctuations of the large-scale structure. We show that a decisive test requires a detailed description of these fluctuations on the full line-of-sight (LoS) between the source and the observer. Although our data in this work lacks the quality to put new constraints on EP violation, our test is promising for future generation sky surveys.
Keeping mum: The mediation of military conflict in the everyday mothering of middle-class Israeli Palestinian and Jewish women

The article examines how Israeli Palestinian and Jewish middle-class mothers mediate military conflict to young children, through silence and talk. This mediation is underpinned by dissonance between the mandate to protect children from the adult world and to ready them for it, and between the idea of children as individuals and conflict as collective engagement. The article explores the discourses and practices used for managing this twofold dissonance, including differences in the privilege of silence for Palestinian and Jewish mothers.
Bitcoin Spot and Futures Market Microstructure

We study Bitcoin (BTC) trading at the CME and four settlement spot exchanges that transact $146 million per day in the BTC/USD pair. Spot market median trade sizes are under $1,300 but exceed $18,000 on the CME. Bid-ask spreads average 0.0298%. Trade sizes of over $1 million move markets by less than 1%. 2.5% of trades and 15.5% of cancellations on Coinbase take place within 50 milliseconds. Bid-ask spreads exceed 0.8% for only 226 seconds. Most executions trade-through better quotes, with estimated losses of $36 million. The CME leads price discovery. BTC leads ETH price adjustment.
Effect of acid neutralizer toothpaste on salivary pH in a group of Egyptian children: A randomized controlled pilot study

Aim or purpose: Dental caries is a preventable disease that affects the quality of life and overall health. Cariogenic carbohydrates are the main cause. Proper toothbrushing with toothpaste helps in caries prevention. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of acid neutralizer toothpaste and regular toothpaste on salivary pH in a group of Egyptian children. Materials and methods: Twenty children with mixed dentition were randomly allocated either to the control or test group. Saliva samples were collected from each child for baseline pH measurement using pH meter. Children were instructed to drink 200ml of juice and saliva samples were collected. They brushed their teeth with either Colgate maximum cavity protection with sugar acid neutralizer toothpaste® (test group) or the Colgate total toothpaste® (control group) then saliva samples were collected again. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: For both groups, there was a drop in pH levels after drinking juice. The mean pH value dropped from 6.90±0.29 to 6.78±0.43 for the test group and from 7.01±0.38 to 6.88±0.59 for the control group. After brushing, the mean pH values elevated for both groups. The mean pH for the test and control groups was 7.24±0.28 and 7.26±0.30 respectively after brushing. There was a statistically significant difference between the pH levels within each group before and after brushing. However, there was no statistically significant difference between both groups. Conclusion: Toothbrushing after drinking juice results in elevation of the pH level which may be helpful in reducing dental caries.
The Feasibility of a Telehealth Exercise Program Aimed at Increasing Cardiorespiratory Fitness for People After Stroke

Background: Accessing suitable fitness programs post-stroke is difficult for many. The feasibility of telehealth delivery has not been previously reported. Objectives: To assess the feasibility of, and level of satisfaction with home-based telehealth-supervised aerobic exercise training post-stroke. Methods: Twenty-one ambulant participants (≥ 3 months post-stroke) participated in a home-based telehealth-supervised aerobic exercise program (3 d/week, moderate-vigorous intensity, 8-weeks) and provided feedback via questionnaire post-intervention. Session details, technical issues, and adverse events were also recorded. Results: Feasibility was high (83% of volunteers met telehealth eligibility criteria, 85% of sessions were conducted by telehealth, and 95% of participants rated usability favourably). Ninety-five percent enjoyed telehealth exercise sessions and would recommend them to others. The preferred telehealth exercise program parameters were: frequency 3 d/week, duration 20-30 min/session, program length 6-12 weeks. Conclusion: The telehealth delivery of exercise sessions to people after stroke appears feasible and may be considered as a viable alternative delivery means for providing supervised exercise post-stroke.