Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entry and sustenance strategies of dairy processing firms into supermarkets in Nairobi City County, Kenya

The growth of dairy processing firms is highly dependent on doing business with supermarkets as supermarkets are powerful actors in the dairy product value chain. This paper therefore, examines the entry and sustenance strategies used by dairy processing firms into supermarkets in Nairobi, Kenya. By way of methodology, this is a case study that conducted two rounds of sampling on a population of eleven dairy processing firms. The first round was a census to verify existence and sizes of predetermined dairy processing firms. In the second round, stratified random sampling technique was conducted to create three categories and thereafter, select dairy processing firms for inclusion in the sampling frame. Data was analyzed through thematic analysis. Findings indicate that New Product Development, distribution chains, diversification, packaging, Mergers and Acquisitions, food safety strategies, market and marketing, and products serve as important entry strategies into the supermarket chains. Organizational structure and slotting allowance were crucial sustenance strategies. Dairy processing firms experience challenges such as safety and health standards, dairy product imports, export markets, trade credit, product promotion, legal certification, supermarket private standards, supermarket own labels and market challenges. Small, medium and large dairy processing firms apply different entry and sustenance strategies and experience different challenges while doing business with supermarkets. This paper, to the best of my knowledge, is the first to explore the different entry and sustenance strategies utilised by small, medium and large dairy processing firms for purposes of gaining access and sustaining their products into supermarkets in Nairobi, Kenya.
Factors Related to Oversleeping in Korean Young Adults, with a Focus on Sociodemographic Factors

Young adults the year after high school experience changes in lifestyle and circumstances and tend to experience more oversleeping. However, there are few studies on oversleeping in young adults. This study aims to identify the sociodemographic factors related to oversleeping among young adults in Korea using nationally representative data. This study analyzed self-reported and cross-sectional data in 2016 from a sample of 1876 participants from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, which included respondents one year after high school graduation. Oversleeping was defined as sleeping 9 or more hours a day on average. Logistic regression models were analyzed to test a multivariate association between independent sociodemographic variables and oversleeping. Over one-tenth of young adults reported oversleeping. Oversleeping was associated with household income (OR = 0.99, p = 0.011) and smoking (OR = 1.52, p = 0.041). In addition, when compared to non-working college students, college students who were working (OR = 2.58, p = 0.021), non-students who were working (OR = 1.68, p = 0.048), and non-students who were not working (OR = 3.07, p < 0.001) were more likely to report oversleeping. Oversleeping among young adults was associated with major sociodemographic factors including household income (−), smoking (+), and academic and working status (+). These findings suggest the significant role of sociodemographic factors as predictors of oversleeping and emphasize the importance of examining various factors to achieve a better understanding of oversleeping in young adults.
Checklist of the marine Bryozoa from Uruguay (Southwest Atlantic)

: Knowledge of the marine bryozoan fauna of Uruguay is mostly based on scattered records found in local faunistic surveys and the taxonomic results of two oceanographic cruises to the Southwest Atlantic, but a comprehensive study has not yet been published for this area. This paper aims to compile an updated checklist, bringing together all the published information about the Uruguayan bryozoan fauna. Of the 73 recorded taxa, 30 (41%) are known only from deep waters off the Río de la Plata. Even considering undetermined species, these re- sults show the high degree of endemism as it was already shown for several other benthic groups such as Bivalvia, Ascidiacea and Pycnogonida. The absence of local taxonomists on bryozoans has resulted in the unprecedented situation that the deep-sea bryozoan fauna of Uruguay is better known than the coastal and shelf representatives of the phylum. The main conclusion of this faunal compilation is that efforts should be made to coordinate the gathering and taxonomic study of shallow and shelf bryozoan collections to bridge the present knowledge gap about the biodiversity of this important group of marine benthic invertebrates.
The effect of electronic word of mouth on online customer loyalty through perceived ease of use and information sharing

The development of internet information technology has encouraged the presence of various application platforms that can be used for multiple needs. One application that is very widely used socially is the social media application. Through social media applications, users can share information according to their needs. The use of the internet also supports the use of streaming technology that makes it easier to carry out activities to watch movies online. The availability of information technology facilities and infrastructure makes it easier for people to get films. This study aims to study the influence of electronic worth of mouth on online customer loyalty through information sharing, perceived ease of use, and intention to use. This study collected data using questionnaires as many as 378 respondents of streaming technology users obtained from the spread of 1237 questionnaires, which means a response rate of 30.55%. Data analysis uses the partial least square technique to test the study's hypothesis. The results showed that electronic word of mouth directly affects perceived ease of use, intention to use, and information sharing. Perceived ease of use is based on the intention to use, information sharing, and customer loyalty. Information sharing directly affects the intention to use and online customer loyalty. The results also showed that intention to use impacts increasing customer loyalty. In addition to direct influence, the study's results showed that electronic worth of mouth indirectly affects online customer loyalty through information sharing, perceived ease of use, and intention to use. This research enriches the field of technology acceptance model with perceived ease of use, intention to use, and information sharing. Contributions to the theory of marketing behavior are related to electronic word of mouth and online customer loyalty. A practical contribution to companies engaged in the cinema and internet technology infrastructure providers is to sustainably apply streaming technology as a form of business that society uses.
Osteohistology and taphonomy support social aggregation in the early ornithischian dinosaur Lesothosaurus diagnosticus

Lesothosaurus diagnosticus is a small ornithischian dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic Massospondylus Assemblage Zone of the upper Elliot Formation of the Karoo Basin of South Africa and Lesotho. The Early Jurassic age, comparatively large sample size, and multiple growth stages of Lesothosaurus make it an excellent taxon for investigating the plesiomorphic condition of ornithischian growth. Here, we examine the osteohistology of an ontogenetic series of Lesothosaurus diagnosticus using multiple limb elements to assess the maximum body size, life history, growth dynamics and potential for sociality in one of the earliest‐branching ornithischian dinosaurs. We found that Lesothosaurus grew rapidly during early and mid‐ontogeny (as shown by its highly vascularized woven‐parallel complex) with its growth rate decreasing between 2–4 years of age, possibly indicating the onset of reproductive maturity. However, an external fundamental system, indicating a cessation in growth, could not be confirmed in any of the individuals studied, suggesting that at 6 years of age, this taxon was still not fully grown. The presence of multiple individuals of varying ontogenetic stages in a monodominant bone bed strongly suggests that it lived in multigenerational herds, indicating that, along with the Venezuelan Laquintasaura venezuelae, social behaviour developed very early in ornithischian evolutionary history.
Influence of ‘Lactobacillus serum’ on the growth of Amaranthus hybridus and some soil chemical properties under screen house conditions

The potentials of lactic acid bacteria serum, termed as ‘Lactobacillus (LB) serum’, in enhancing soil nutrient availability and supplies for the growth of Amaranthus hybridus and some chemical properties of soil were investigated at the screen house of the Department of Soil Science, University of Benin. Three application rates of the serum were adopted, consisting of 3 mL (3,000 L.ha-1), 5 mL (5,000 L.ha-1), and 0 ml (0 L.ha-1), and represented as treatment. Amaranthus hybridus was transplanted into pots containing 2 kg of 2 mm sieved air-dried soil. Each treatment was replicated seven times to give a total of 21 pots that were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments were applied twice a week starting from the 2nd week after transplanting. The plant growth indices measured were number of leaves, plant height and plant biomass. The results showed that serum positively influenced the number of leaves and plant biomass (4.333 kg to 4.830 kg) compared to the control (3.901 kg). However, the highest value of the plant biomass was found in the 3 mL (3,000 L.ha-1) treated pots, while the microbial colonies of bacteria in soil after serum application were sustained when compared with the control but at a reduced population for Bacillus subtilis. The application of LB. serum slightly improved the soil total organic carbon (320.0 g.kg-1 to 352.0 g.kg-1) and nitrogen (3.102 g.kg-1 to 3.325 g.kg-1) as against, 64.00 g.kg-1, and 0.639 g.kg-1 in the control respectively.
Neutral Beam Coupling with Plasma in a Compact Fusion Neutron Source

FNS-ST is a fusion neutron source project based on a spherical tokamak (R/a = 0.5 m/0.3 m) with a steady-state neutron generation of ~1018 n/s. Neutral beam injection (NBI) is supposed to maintain steady-state operation, non-inductive current drive and neutron production in FNS-ST plasma. In a low aspect ratio device, the toroidal magnetic field shape is not optimal for fast ions confinement in plasma, and the toroidal effects are more pronounced compared to the conventional tokamak design (with R/a > 2.5). The neutral beam production and the tokamak plasma response to NBI were efficiently modeled by a specialized beam-plasma software package BTR-BTOR, which allowed fast optimization of the neutral beam transport and evolution within the injector unit, as well as the parametric study of NBI induced effects in plasma. The “Lite neutral beam model” (LNB) implements a statistical beam description in 6-dimensional phase space (106–1010 particles), and the beam particle conversions are organized as a data flow pipeline. This parametric study of FNS-ST tokamak is focused on the beam-plasma coupling issue. The main result of the study is a method to achieve steady-state current drive and fusion controllability in beam-driven toroidal plasmas. LNB methods can be also applied to NBI design for conventional tokamaks.
STELLAR RADIAL VELOCITIES IN THE OLD OPEN CLUSTER M67 (NGC 2682). I. MEMBERSHIPS, BINARIES, AND KINEMATICS

We present results from 13776 radial-velocity (RV) measurements of 1278 candidate members of the old (4 Gyr) open cluster M67 (NGC 2682). The measurements are the results of a long-term survey that includes data from seven telescopes with observations for some stars spanning over 40 years. For narrow-lined stars, RVs are measured with precisions ranging from about 0.1 to 0.8 km s−1. The combined stellar sample reaches from the brightest giants in the cluster down to about 4 mag below the main-sequence turnoff ( V = 16.5 ? > ), covering a mass range of about 1.34 M ⊙ ? > to 0.76 M ⊙ ? > . Spatially, the sample extends to a radus of 30 arcmin (7.4 pc in projection at a distance of 850 pc or 6–7 core radii). We find M67 to have a mean RV of + 33.64 ? > km s−1 (with an internal precision of ±0.03 km s−1) well separated from the mean velocity of the field. For stars with ≥ 3 ? > measurements, we derive RV membership probabilities and identify RV variables, finding 562 cluster members, 142 of which show significant RV variability. We use these cluster members to construct a color–magnitude diagram and identify a rich sample of stars that lie far from the standard single star isochrone, including the well-known blue stragglers, sub-subgiants and yellow giants. These exotic stars have a binary frequency of (at least) 80%, more than three times that detected for stars in the remainder of the sample. We confirm that the cluster is mass segregated, finding the binaries to be more centrally concentrated than the single stars in our sample at the 99.8% confidence level (and at the 98.7% confidence level when only considering main-sequence stars). The blue stragglers are centrally concentrated as compared to the solar-type main-sequence single stars in the cluster at the 99.7% confidence level. Accounting for measurement precision, we derive an RV dispersion in M67 of 0.80 ± 0.04 km s−1 for our sample of single main-sequence stars, subgiants and giants with V ≤ 15.5 ? > . When corrected for undetected binaries, this sample yields a true RV dispersion of 0.59 − 0.06 + 0.07 ? > km s−1. The radial distribution of the velocity dispersion is consistent with an isothermal distribution within our stellar sample. Using the cluster RV dispersion, we estimate a virial mass for the cluster of 2100 − 550 + 610 ? > M ⊙ ? > .
Correlation of Matrisome-Associatted Gene Expressions with LOX Family Members in Astrocytomas Stratified by IDH Mutation Status

Tumor cell infiltrative ability into surrounding brain tissue is a characteristic of diffusely infiltrative astrocytoma and is strongly associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness. Collagens are the most abundant ECM scaffolding proteins and contribute to matrix organization and stiffness. LOX family members, copper-dependent amine oxidases, participate in the collagen and elastin crosslinking that determine ECM tensile strength. Common IDH mutations in lower-grade gliomas (LGG) impact prognosis and have been associated with ECM stiffness. We analyzed the expression levels of LOX family members and matrisome-associated genes in astrocytoma stratified by malignancy grade and IDH mutation status. A progressive increase in expression of all five LOX family members according to malignancy grade was found. LOX, LOXL1, and LOXL3 expression correlated with matrisome gene expressions. LOXL1 correlations were detected in LGG with IDH mutation (IDHmut), LOXL3 correlations in LGG with IDH wild type (IDHwt) and strong LOX correlations in glioblastoma (GBM) were found. These increasing correlations may explain the increment of ECM stiffness and tumor aggressiveness from LGG-IDHmut and LGG-IDHwt through to GBM. The expression of the mechanosensitive transcription factor, β-catenin, also increased with malignancy grade and was correlated with LOXL1 and LOXL3 expression, suggesting involvement of this factor in the outside–in signaling pathway.
Dynamic D2D Multihop Offloading in Multi-Access Edge Computing From the Perspective of Learning Theory in Games

In a D2D-enabled MEC system, devices cooperate in task computation by relaying tasks to servers or providing computation capabilities for users. We investigate how nodes choose the roles to join in the offloading process in a dynamic environment, where mobile devices forming a tree-like multihop network can play relays and intermediate executors earning corresponding economic utility. By mathematically modeling the multihop computation offloading, we formulate the task-flow constrained network-wide utility maximization problem as a potential game. Based on the properties of the potential game, we prove the existence of Nash equilibrium and propose two learning-based algorithms, i.e., myopic best response (MBR-CO) and stochastic learning-based computation offloading (SL-CO), to find the equilibrium point in a distributed manner. Theoretical and simulation results show that MBR-CO is dominant in static scenarios, and SL-CO achieves a high utility and stable performance in dynamic scenarios.
Incidence of Hospitalisation and Emergency Department Visits for Pneumococcal Disease in Children, Adolescents, and Adults in Liguria, Italy: A Retrospective Analysis from 2012–2018

Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in young children and older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of hospitalisation and emergency department (ED) visits in relation to episodes of pneumococcal disease (PD) following the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) into the Liguria region of Italy. Between 2012 and 2018, episodes of all-cause pneumonia (80,152), pneumococcal-specific pneumonia (1254), unspecified pneumonia (66,293), acute otitis media (AOM; 17,040), and invasive PD (IPD; 1788) were identified from in-patient claims, ED and hospital discharge records, and the Liguria Chronic Condition Data Warehouse. In children < 15 years of age, pneumococcal pneumonia-related hospitalisations decreased from 35 to 13 per 100,000 person-years during the study period (p < 0.001); this decrease is potentially related to PCV use in children. All-cause pneumonia hospitalisations remained stable, whereas IPD hospitalisations increased and AOM hospitalisations decreased. In adults, hospitalisations for all-cause pneumonia increased from 5.00 to 7.50 per 1000 person-years (+50%; p < 0.001). Pneumococcal and unspecified pneumonia hospital admissions increased significantly during the study period, considerably affecting those ≥ 65 years of age. IPD hospitalisations varied across all age groups, but a significant change was not observed. Despite pneumococcal vaccination, substantial burden remains for PD in children and adults in Liguria, Italy.
Topics in Longshore Currents

Abstract : The momentum equation governing mean longshore currents on straight beaches is a balance of forcing from the momentum transfer of the oscillatory wave motion, turbulent momentum transfer (mixing), and bottom stress. Of these, the wave's contribution is well understood, but the remaining two are not, principally due to the complicated hydrodynamics of the surf-zone. Addressing the bottom stress term, a longshore current model is developed which includes a modification of the bottom stress due to the effects of breaking-wave induced turbulence. A one-dimensional turbulent kinetic energy equation is used to model this breaking-wave induced turbulence, producing a spatially varying bottom friction coefficient. The modeled longshore current cross-shore profiles show improved agreement with field observations. In a second bottom stress study, vertical profiles of mean longshore currents are examined using field data obtained with vertically stacked electromagnetic current meters with the goal of measuring the bottom stress and its associated drag coefficient. The profiles are observed to become vertically uniform whenever the ratio of wave height to depth exceeds 0.3, indicating that nearly all of the waves passing a given location are breaking. Finally, horizontal turbulent momentum transfer (mixing) is examined for the case of shear instabilities of the longshore current.
A Cluster of Class 0 Protostars in Serpens: An IRAS HIRES Study

We present new 12, 25, 60, and 100 μm high-resolution-processed (HIRES-processed) IRAS images of the nearby Serpens star-forming cloud core at FWHM resolutions of ~30''-1'. We use HIRES-processed point-source models of the IRAS emission to derive new flux values and flux upper limits for all the protostellar candidates in the Serpens core. Our fluxes (and flux upper limits) determine the spectral energy distributions necessary to derive the dust temperature, circumstellar mass, bolometric luminosity, and evolutionary status of each protostellar candidate. Remarkably, we find all five sources studied by Hurt, Barsony, & Wootten, FIRS 1, SMM 4, S68N, SMM 3, and SMM 2, to share the defining characteristics of class 0 protostars, the short-lived (a few times 104 yr), earliest observable protostellar stage. We can also set an upper limit of 8 L☉ on the preoutburst bolometric luminosity of the recently discovered “FU Ori” source in this region.
Deep Maxout Network for human action and abnormality detection using Chronological Poor and Rich Optimization

ABSTRACT Human activity recognition targets to discriminate the various human actions depending on the size, shape and posture exhibited by the humans while performing a particular action. Video-based human action detection easily understands the actions and behaviours of humans in the video sequences. Therefore, it has a part in various applications, like human-machine interaction and healthcare domains. However, human activity recognition in a complex environment leads to poor performance and low accuracy, and it remains a challenging task in human action recognition using video sequences. To overcome such limitations, a Chronological Poor and Rich Optimisation (CPRO)-based Deep Maxout Network is developed for effective human movement and abnormality recognition. The CPRO is devised by integrating the chronological concept into Poor and Rich Optimisation. In the feature extraction process, the features include Histogram of Oriented Gradients, Local Gradient Pattern and hierarchical skeleton are digging out. Moreover, human action and abnormality detection are done utilising Deep Maxout Network trained by the proposed CPRO. The proposed scheme reveals superior results with respect to evaluation measures, such as accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.954, 0.958 and 0.960, respectively.
The Framework for and Analysis of Good Corporate Governance Scoring in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs): The Substance of Government Policy on Corporate Management

The current study aims to develop the framework for corporate governance and to assess the corporate governance scoring trend based on R-MBU/2012 in publicly traded SOEs. The study adopts mixed qualitative-quantitative methods. The qualitative method is based on grounded theory and interpreted by way of constructivist approach, whereas the quantitative method uses the technique of descriptive statistics. The data were obtained from R-MBU/2012; the sample consists of 18 SOEs listed on the Indonesia stock exchange. The results identify the relationship between variabilities in the roles of shareholders, the General Meeting of Shareholders, Board of Commissioners (BOC), Board of Directors (BOD), corporate commitment and culture, and information disclosure as the determining indicator of the level of good corporate governance implementation. Five banking companies, 2 manufacturing companies, and 3 companies in service industry are all scored ‘very good’ for the implementation of good corporate governance. However, other companies scored ‘good’, ‘fair’, and ‘poor’, respectively