Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Direct, non-destructive imaging of magnetization in a spin-1 bose gas

Polarization-dependent phase-contrast imaging is used to resolve the spatial magnetization profile of an optically trapped ultracold gas. This probe is applied to Larmor precession of degenerate and nondegenerate spin-1 87Rb gases. Transverse magnetization of the Bose-Einstein condensate persists for the condensate lifetime, with a spatial response to magnetic field inhomogeneities consistent with a mean-field model of interactions. In comparison, the magnetization of the non-condensed gas decoheres rapidly. Rotational symmetry implies that the Larmor frequency of a spinor condensate be density independent, and thus suitable for precise magnetometry with high spatial resolution.
Theoretical and Experimental Optimization of O-Band Multiwavelength Mixed-Cascaded Phosphosilicate Raman Fiber Lasers

We theoretically analyze and experimentally optimize an O-band mixed-cascaded multiwavelength phosphosilicate Raman fiber laser (MRFL). The theoretical analyses show that the output power is insensitive to the variation of Raman fiber length when it exceeds the optimal length. However, the pump threshold, slope conversion efficiency, and output power of the mixed-cascaded MRFL strongly depend on the output coupling ratio of the output optical coupler. When a 1064-nm Yb3+-doped double-clad fiber laser is used to pump a section of phosphosilicate fiber (PSF) in a mixed-cascaded Raman cavity, both the Raman gains of P2O5 and SiO2 in the fiber are utilized, and multiwavelength lasing around 1320 nm with a wavelength spacing of 0.8 nm has been obtained. The different coupling output ratios and Raman fiber lengths are used to optimize the output performances of the O-band mixed-cascaded MRFL. The maximum output power of the O-band MRFL is 1.3 W with the coupling output ratio of 80% and the PSF length of 1 km. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical ones.
The Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein 3β Sequence Reveals Contrasting Parasite Populations in Southern and Northwestern Thailand

Background Malaria control efforts have a significant impact on the epidemiology and parasite population dynamics. In countries aiming for malaria elimination, malaria transmission may be restricted to limited transmission hot spots, where parasite populations may be isolated from each other and experience different selection forces. Here we aim to examine the Plasmodium vivax population divergence in geographically isolated transmission zones in Thailand. Methodology We employed the P. vivax merozoite surface protein 3β (PvMSP3β) as a molecular marker for characterizing P. vivax populations based on the extensive diversity of this gene in Southeast Asian parasite populations. To examine two parasite populations with different transmission levels in Thailand, we obtained 45 P. vivax isolates from Tak Province, northwestern Thailand, where the annual parasite incidence (API) was more than 2%, and 28 isolates from Yala and Narathiwat Provinces, southern Thailand, where the API was less than 0.02%. We sequenced the PvMSP3β gene and examined its genetic diversity and molecular evolution between the parasite populations. Principal Findings Of 58 isolates containing single PvMSP3β alleles, 31 sequence types were identified. The overall haplotype diversity was 0.77±0.06 and nucleotide diversity 0.0877±0.0054. The northwestern vivax malaria population exhibited extensive haplotype diversity (HD) of PvMSP3β (HD = 1.0). In contrast, the southern parasite population displayed a single PvMSP3β allele (HD = 0), suggesting a clonal population expansion. This result revealed that the extent of allelic diversity in P. vivax populations in Thailand varies among endemic areas. Conclusion Malaria parasite populations in a given region may vary significantly in genetic diversity, which may be the result of control and influenced by the magnitude of malaria transmission intensity. This is an issue that should be taken into account for the implementation of P. vivax control measures such as drug policy and vaccine development.
Association between global leukocyte DNA methylation, renal function, carotid intima-media thickness and plasma homocysteine in patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Preliminary evidence suggests a role for global DNA hypomethylation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic complications in CKD. The aims of this study in patients with stage 2-4 CKD were (1) to assess the association between renal function and DNA methylation, (2) to assess the association between DNA methylation and two markers of atherosclerosis [common carotid intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT)] and brachial artery endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated dilatation (BA-FMD) and (3) to examine the effect of a multi-step treatment strategy on DNA methylation. METHODS In the Anti-Oxidant Therapy In Chronic Renal Insufficiency study (ATIC-study), 93 patients with stage 2-4 CKD were included. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, the treatment group received pravastatin to which vitamin E was added after 6 months and homocysteine-lowering B-vitamin therapy after another 6 months. DNA methylation was assessed using tandem mass spectrometry. CCA-IMT and BA-FMD were assessed using B-mode ultrasonography. RESULTS At baseline, global DNA methylation was not associated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = 0.32) or with CCA-IMT (P = 0.62) or BA-FMD (P = 0.51). No effect of the treatment strategy including B-vitamin on global DNA methylation was found either in the total study group or within separate strata of homocysteine concentration and renal function. CONCLUSION In patients with stage 2-4 CKD, global DNA methylation is not associated with renal function or with CCA-IMT or BA-FMD. A treatment strategy that includes B-vitamins did not alter global DNA methylation in these patients. These data do not support the role of DNA hypomethylation in CKD-associated vascular disease in patients with stage 2-4 CKD.
Elucidation of direct competition and allosteric modulation of small‐molecular‐weight protein ligands using surface plasmon resonance methods

The present work introduces a surface plasmon resonance‐based method for the discrimination of direct competition and allosteric effects that occur in ternary systems comprising a receptor protein and two small‐molecular‐weight ligands that bind to it. Fatty acid binding protein 4, fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase and human serum albumin were used as model receptor molecules to demonstrate the performance of the method. For each of the receptor molecules, pairs of ligand molecules were selected for which either direct competition or an allosteric effect had already been determined by other methods. The method of discrimination introduced here is based on the surface plasmon resonance responses observed at equilibrium when an immobilized receptor protein is brought into contact with binary mixtures of interacting ligands. These experimentally determined responses are compared with the responses calculated using a theoretical model that considers both direct competition and allosteric ligand interaction modes. This study demonstrates that the allosteric ternary complex model, which enables calculation of the fractional occupancy of the protein by each ligand in such ternary systems, is well suited for the theoretical calculation of these types of responses. For all of the ternary systems considered in this work, the experimental and calculated responses in the chosen concentration ratio range were identical within a five‐σ confidence interval when the calculations considered the correct interaction mode of the ligands (direct competition or different types of allosteric regulation), and in case of allosteric modulation, also the correct strength of this effect. This study also demonstrates that the allosteric ternary complex model‐based calculations are well suited to predict the ideal concentration ratio range or even single concentration ratios that can serve as hot spots for discrimination, and such hot spots can drastically reduce the numbers of measurements needed for discrimination between direct competition and distinct modulation modes (neutral, positive or negative allostery). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analyzing Cost-Efficiency of Cloud Computing Applications with SimuLizar?

In cloud computing, software applications are potentially able to use only the computing resources that are minimally needed for performant operation. Because cloud providers provision such resources on a pay-per-use basis, software architects are interested in analyzing the operational costs that accrue for such applications, allowing architects to optimize for cost-eﬃciency. Current analysis approaches like Palladio focus on traditional performance metrics but lack support for cost-eﬃciency metrics. Therefore, software architects have to inaccurately estimate operational costs of their applications, potentially leading to economically unus-able applications. To tackle this problem, we integrated cost metrics into SimuLizar, a Palladio extension for analyzing cloud computing applications. Our integration allows architects to attach prices to computing resources used by software applications. In a proof-of-concept evaluation with a simple book shop, we show that our integration allows architects to analyze costs with high accuracy.
Sleep and Exertional Periodic Breathing in Chronic Heart Failure: Prognostic Importance and Interdependence

Background— Sleep and exertional periodic breathing are proverbial in chronic heart failure (CHF), and each alone indicates poor prognosis. Whether these conditions are associated and whether excess risk may be attributed to respiratory disorders in general, rather than specifically during sleep or exercise, is unknown. Methods and Results— We studied 133 CHF patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40%. During 1170±631 days of follow-up, 31 patients (23%) died. Nonsurvivors had higher New York Heart Association class, ventilatory response (&OV0312;e/&OV0312;co2 slope), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and lower peak &OV0312;o2 (all P<0.01); lower LVEF and prescription of &bgr;-blockers, and shorter transmitral deceleration time (all P<0.05). Exertional oscillatory ventilation (EOV), established by cyclic fluctuations in minute ventilation that persisted for ≥60% of exercise duration with an amplitude ≥15% of the average resting value, was significantly more frequent in nonsurvivors (42% versus 15%, P<0.01). Multivariable analysis selected AHI (hazard ratio [HR] 5.66, 95% CI 2.3 to 19.9, P<0.01), peak &OV0312;o2 (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.97, P<0.01), and &bgr;-blocker prescription (HR 0.34, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.87, P<0.05) as predictors of cardiac events. The best cutoff for AHI was >30/h. EOV was significantly related to AHI >30/h (&khgr;2 14.6, P<0.01): 78% of EOV patients showed AHI >30/h. Multivariable analysis, including breathing disorders alone (EOV, AHI >30/h) or in combination (EOV plus AHI >30/h), selected combined disorders as the strongest predictor of events (HR 6.65, 95% CI 2.6 to 17.1, P<0.01). Conclusions— In CHF, EOV is significantly associated with AHI >30/h. Although each breathing disorder alone is linked to total mortality, their combination has a crucial prognostic burden.
COMPARISONS OF MARKOV CHAIN MONTE CARLO CONVERGENCE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR BAYESIAN LOGISTIC RANDOM EFFECT MODELS

In mixed models, posterior densities are too difficult to work with directly. With the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, to do statistical inference requires the convergence of the MCMC chain to its stationary distribution. To assess convergence of Markov chain has not a specific way. Assessing convergence of Markov chain has been developed many techniques. Although increasingly popularity MCMC methods, use of MCMC convergence diagnostics is not still common. Usually, the most MCMC users address the convergence problem by applying a diagnostic means by running their samplers. That’s why in this article we discuss the problem of assessing the performance of MCMC algorithms. We compare convergence diagnostic tests to achieve target distribution. Bayesian logistic random effects models are intended to be interpreted with emphasis on mathematical expansions under these techniques. We have used a real data that wants to know what patient and physician factors are most related to whether a patient's lung cancer goes into remission after treatment outcomes and quality of life in patients with lung cancer. Our results show that convergence needs to enough time and experience.
Measuring the Adoption of DDoS Protection Services

Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks have steadily gained in popularity over the last decade, their intensity ranging from mere nuisance to severe. The increased number of attacks, combined with the loss of revenue for the targets, has given rise to a market for DDoS Protection Service (DPS) providers, to whom victims can outsource the cleansing of their traffic by using traffic diversion. In this paper, we investigate the adoption of cloud-based DPSs worldwide. We focus on nine leading providers. Our outlook on adoption is made on the basis of active DNS measurements. We introduce a methodology that allows us, for a given domain name, to determine if traffic diversion to a DPS is in effect. It also allows us to distinguish various methods of traffic diversion and protection. For our analysis we use a long-term, large-scale data set that covers well over 50\% of all names in the global domain namespace, in daily snapshots, over a period of 1.5 years. Our results show that DPS adoption has grown by 1.24x in our measurement period, a prominent trend compared to the overall expansion of the namespace. Our study also reveals that adoption is often lead by big players such as large Web hosters, which activate or deactivate DDoS protection for millions of domain names at once.
Resistance Compression Networks for Radio-Frequency Power Conversion

A limitation of many high-frequency resonant inverter topologies is their high sensitivity to loading conditions. This paper introduces a new class of matching networks that greatly reduces the load sensitivity of resonant inverters and radio frequency (RF) power amplifiers. These networks, which we term resistance compression networks, serve to substantially decrease the variation in effective resistance seen by a tuned RF inverter as loading conditions change. We explore the operation, performance characteristics, and design of these networks, and present experimental results demonstrating their performance. Their combination with rectifiers to form RF-to-dc converters having narrow-range resistive input characteristics is also treated. The application of resistance compression in resonant power conversion is demonstrated in a dc-dc power converter operating at 100MHz
Cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes. VI. Heterogeneity of cytotoxins in supernatants of mitogen-activated lymphocytes.

Two different lymphotoxins synthesized by human blood lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutin (PHA) are described. The two toxins are called alpha-LT and beta-LT relative to their elution order on gel chromatography. Their m.w. are 75,000 and 45,000 daltons, respectively. Both toxins appear as early as 7 hr after the addition of PHA, with the amount of beta-toxin exceeding that of alpha-LT initially. Both toxins are differentiated from a third toxin (adherent cell toxin, ACT) made by plastic-adherent cells without requiring mitogen-stimulation. Depletion of macrophages or B cells does not affect the synthesis of either lymphotoxin. Monospecific antisera were elicited to alpha-LT. Antisera elicited to beta-LT also neutralized alpha-LT but to a significantly lesser degree. Alpha-LT appears to be the lymphotoxin described by most other workers. Beta-LT is unstable at 37 degrees C which may explain why the low m.w. lymphotoxin has not been described previously.
Computer-Assisted Cognitive Rehabilitation of Attention Deficits for Multiple Sclerosis

Background. Although a growing body of evidence has highlighted the role of cognitive rehabilitation (CR) in the management of cognitive dysfunctions in multiple sclerosis (MS), there is still no evidence for a validated therapeutic approach. Objective. We propose a new therapeutic strategy characterized by a computer-based intensive attention training program in MS patients with predominant attention deficits. We aim to investigate the effectiveness of our rehabilitation procedure, tailored for those with impaired abilities, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods. Using a double-blind randomized controlled study, we enrolled 12 MS patients, who underwent a CR program (experimental group), and 11 age-gender–matched MS patients, who underwent a placebo intervention (control group). fMRI was recorded during the execution of a cognitive task broadly used for assessing attention abilities in MS patients (paced visual serial addition test). Results. Significant effects were detected both at a phenotypic and at an intermediate phenotypic level. After CR, the experimental group, in comparison with the control group, showed a specific enhanced performance in attention abilities as assessed by the Stroop task with an effect size of 0.88, which was associated with increased activity in the posterior cerebellar lobule and in the superior parietal lobule. Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that intensive CR tailored for those with impaired abilities affects neural plasticity and improves some aspects of cognitive deficits in MS patients. The reported neurophysiological and behavioral effects corroborate the benefits of our therapeutic approach, which might have a reliable application in the clinical management of cognitive deficits in MS.
Electromyogram amplitude estimation with adaptive smoothing window length

Typical electromyogram (EMG) amplitude estimators use a fixed window length for smoothing the amplitude estimate. When the EMG amplitude is dynamic, previous research suggests that varying the smoothing length as a function of time may improve amplitude estimation. This paper develops optimal time-varying selection of the smoothing window length using a stochastic model of the EMG signal. Optimal selection is a function of the EMG amplitude and its derivatives. Simulation studies, in which EMG amplitude was changed randomly, found that the "best" adaptive filter performed as well as the "best" fixed-length filter. Experimental studies found the advantages of the adaptive processor to be situation dependent. Subjects used real-time EMG amplitude estimates to track a randomly-moving target. Perhaps due to task difficulty, no differences in adaptive versus fixed-length processors were observed when the target speed was fast. When the target speed was slow, the experimental results mere consistent with the simulation predictions. When the target moved between two constant levels, the adaptive processor responded rapidly to the target level transitions and had low variance while the target dwelled on a level.
Compiler optimizations for processors with SIMD instructions

To achieve maximum efficiency, modern embedded processors for media applications exploit single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions. SIMD instructions provide a form of vectorization where a large machine word is viewed as a vector of subwords and the same operation is performed on all subwords in parallel. Systematic usage of SIMD instructions can significantly improve program performance. With C becoming the dominant language for programming embedded devices, there is a clear need for C compilers that use SIMD instructions whenever appropriate. However, SIMD instructions typically require each memory access to be aligned with the instruction's data access size. Therefore an important problem in designing the compiler is to determine whether a C pointer is aligned, i.e. whether it refers to the beginning of a machine word. In this paper, we describe our SIMD generation algorithm and present an analysis method which determines the alignment of pointers at compile time. The alignment information is used to reduce the number of dynamic alignment checks and the overhead incurred by them. Our method uses an interprocedural analysis which propagates pointer alignment information in function bodies and through function calls. The effectiveness of our method is supported by experimental results which show that in typical programs the alignments of about 50p of the pointers can be statically determined. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SmartRabbit: A Mobile Exergame Using Geolocation

This paper presents SmartRabbit and how the location-based games concepts were used in the development of this game. SmartRabbit is a mobile running game where players compete using a smart phone with GPS. This game was developed to show how a player's location can be used to create exergames and encourage people to practice exercises.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK TERHADAP KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH DI PULAU PANGGANG, KELURAHAN PULAU PANGGANG, KECAMATAN KEPULAUAN SERIBU UTARA, PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Penduduk terhadap Kebutuhan Air Bersih di Pulau Panggang, Kelurahan Pulau Panggang, Kecamatan Kepulauan Seribu Utara, Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu, Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2012. Dengan metode kuantitatif, populasi penelitian adalah semua ibu rumah tangga yang telah 5 tahun atau lebih berdomisili di Pulau Panggang, yang tesebar pada wilayah 3 wilayah RW yaitu 535 responden. Sampel penelitian diambil secara proposiaoal sebanyak 10 % dari populasi ini yaitu sebanyak 54 responden. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan untuk mandi penduduk Pulau Panggang menggunakan air sumur dengan volume air 101 liter/orang/hari, kebutuhan untuk mencuci pakaian menggunakan air sumur dengan volume air 3,5 liter/orang/hari, mencuci alat dapur menggunakan air sumur dengan jumlah air 2,9 liter/orang/hari, untuk memasak menggunakan air dari reverse osmosis dengan volume air 4,4 liter/orang/hari, untuk minum penduduk menggunakan air kemasan dengan volume 1,7 liter/orang/hari, dan untuk berwudhu penduduk menggunakan air sumur dengan volume 36 liter/orang/hari. Rata-rata kebutuhan air penduduk adalah 149,5 liter/orang/hari. Hasil proyeksi pertumbuhan jumah penduduk dari tahun 2012-2017 menunjukan bahwa pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk memiliki pengaruh terhadap kebutuhan air bersih dalam segi kuantitas dengan asumsi bila pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk yang semakin meningkat dapat menyebabkan pemakaian air bersih juga meningkat. Keysword: Kebutuhan Air Bersih; Pertumbuhan Penduduk; Pulau Panggang