Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinant of Covariance Matrix Model Coupled with AdaBoost Classification Algorithm for EEG Seizure Detection

Experts usually inspect electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings page-by-page in order to identify epileptic seizures, which leads to heavy workloads and is time consuming. However, the efficient extraction and effective selection of informative EEG features is crucial in assisting clinicians to diagnose epilepsy accurately. In this paper, a determinant of covariance matrix (Cov–Det) model is suggested for reducing EEG dimensionality. First, EEG signals are segmented into intervals using a sliding window technique. Then, Cov–Det is applied to each interval. To construct a features vector, a set of statistical features are extracted from each interval. To eliminate redundant features, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KST) and Mann–Whitney U (MWUT) tests are integrated, the extracted features ranked based on KST and MWUT metrics, and arithmetic operators are adopted to construe the most pertinent classified features for each pair in the EEG signal group. The selected features are then fed into the proposed AdaBoost Back-Propagation neural network (AB_BP_NN) to effectively classify EEG signals into seizure and free seizure segments. Finally, the AB_BP_NN is compared with several classical machine learning techniques; the results demonstrate that the proposed mode of AB_BP_NN provides insignificant false positive rates, simpler design, and robustness in classifying epileptic signals. Two datasets, the Bern–Barcelona and Bonn datasets, are used for performance evaluation. The proposed technique achieved an average accuracy of 100% and 98.86%, respectively, for the Bern–Barcelona and Bonn datasets, which is considered a noteworthy improvement compared to the current state-of-the-art methods.
Firm Resources’ Entanglement Determines ITS Absorptive Capacity: A Review Towards A New Reconceptualization

The capability of a company to absorb external information is crucial for companies, since knowledge is largely considered as a highly valuable source of competitive advantage. Accordingly, an increasing number of publications dealing with this issue have been performed. A plethora of academic works about absorptive capacity (hereinafter ACAP) indicates a need for reviewing it since there is no common agreement about a unique definition and measurement of the same. This paper, aims at shedding a new light on the state of art of absorptive capacity, offering at the same time a certain reconceptualization which may give a new insight towards a new re-dimensionalization of the ACAP construct. Such approaching is rooted in firm’s resources and capabilities, emphasizing the financial aspect, which has almost been neglected in prior researches about this issue.
Feeding and other management practices of Pulikulam cattle rearers in its native tract

© Abstract: Pulikulam cattle are native cattle breed of southern Tamil Nadu reared by the nomadic herd rearers and bull rearers. A field study was conducted to collect information on existing management practices followed by the Pulikulam cattle rearers at Pulikulam cattle breeding tract during November, 2020. A total of 60 nomadic rearers and 60 Pulikulam bull rearers were randomly selected from the breeding tract. Nomadic rearers practising grazing only, 70% of them migrate for grazing throughout the breeding tract. Grazing at hilly area was practised by 16.67 percent respondents and 13.33 percent respondents grazed at common pasture land. Sale of manure and male calves were the main source of income for the nomadic cattle rearers. Milking was practiced only in the morning time by the nomadic rearers in the Sivaganga district. Concentrate feed or mineral mixture feeding was not practised by the nomadic Pulikulam cattle rearers. It is concluded that no scientific management practices especially feeding management is in practice. Adoption of balanced feeding and supplementation with mineral mixture could improve the performance of this breed of
Effectiveness and Parental Perception of Silver Diamine Fluoride toward Treatment of Dental Caries in Primary Teeth

Abstract Aim Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is taken into account as one among the effective measures for caries arrest and prevention in youngsters, due to the fact it proffers marginally invasive but cost-effective alternative to time-commemorated restorative caries control. The study was carried out to appraise the effectiveness of SDF (38%) in arresting active carious lesions and to gauge parental perception toward the treatment of cavities with SDF in the primary teeth. Materials and methods A total of 36 children in the age range 2–10 years, having active caries lésions, based on ICDAS criteria, in primary teeth were selected following the baseline examination. After four dropouts and refusal by two patients, 30 patients were treated with 1–2 topical applications of SDF (38%). Lesions were reassessed at 1 week and 3 months taking into account to assess the color and amend inconsistency (soft/hard). Parents have been mentioned regarding features of pain or infection and have been surveyed with regard to subjective feelings regarding SDF. Results Quantitative variables have been subjected to the Chi-square test. All the 30 participants within the present study at baseline were reported to possess active caries lesion. About 80% of carious lesions were found to be arrested at first recall and 93.3% after 3 months. No occurrence of pain or infection was documented. Parental perception for simple application, taste, and esthetics became statistically significant. Conclusion: Study outcomes endorse SDF to be effective in preventing active carious lesions in deciduous dentition in youngsters, and treatment outcomes were affirmative by the parents. Clinical significance SDF has been a possible management option for a noninvasive remedy to inhibit active carious lesions in deciduous dentition without causing any psychological trauma to children. How to cite this article Shrivastava U, Barjatya K, AK BB, et al. Effectiveness and Parental Perception of Silver Diamine Fluoride toward Treatment of Dental Caries in Primary Teeth. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(6):790–794.
Development of Selection Indices for Improvement of Seed Yield and Lipid Composition in Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)

The underutilised grain legume bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) has the potential to contribute significantly to nutritional security. However, the lack of commercial cultivars has hindered its wider adoption and utilisation as a food source. The development of competitive cultivars is impeded by (1) lack of systematic data describing variation in nutritional composition within the gene pool, and (2) a poor understanding of how concentrations of different nutritional components interact. In this study, we analysed seed lipid and protein concentration and lipid composition within a collection of 100 lines representing the global gene pool. Seed protein and lipid varied over twofold with a normal distribution, but no significant statistical correlation was detected between the two components. Seed lipid concentration (4.2–8.8 g/100 g) is primarily determined by the proportion of oleic acid (r2 = 0.45). Yield and composition data for a subset of 40 lines were then used to test selection parameters for high yielding, high lipid breeding lines. From five selection indices tested using 15 scenarios, an index based on the seed number, seed weight, and oleic acid yielded a >50% expected increase in each of the mean values of seed number, pod dry weight, seed dry weight, and seed size, as well as an expected 7% increase in seed lipid concentration.
Information and Communication Technologies for Agricultural Knowledge Management in India

Agriculture is the mainstay of Indian economy. There are two faces of the agricultural knowledge management. At one end, the basic and scientific research generated huge database of agricultural knowledge, but it did not reach most of the farmers due to one or other reasons. On the other side, the farmers are also having their own knowledge database generated over the period of time, adopted biologically and socially. Hence, agriculture sector is suffering from low productivity. In this context, authors urge to have the integration of these two knowledge domains for its effective utilization and application. With the advent of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) based tools, the creation, storage and dissemination of this knowledge among various stakeholders is possible in a very short span. The present article explores the role of ICTs in agricultural knowledge management, its prospects and challenges for adoption of ICTs in Indian agriculture.
Low-Voltage Implementation of Neuromorphic Circuits for a Spike-Based Learning Control Module

Recent brain emulation engines have been configured using thousands of neurons and billions of synapses. These components make a significant impact on the whole system in terms of power consumption and silicon area. In this work, several upgraded neuromorphic circuits are used to configure an efficient and compact spike-based learning control module that is capable of operating under ultralow-voltage supplies offering a low energy consumption per spike. In this way, a conductance-based silicon neuron is developed using the simplest highly efficient analog circuits. Moreover, an upgraded winner-take-all (WTA) circuit is used to form a low-voltage multi-threshold current comparator to determine whether to increase or decrease the synaptic weight. Other components such as low-speed amplifier, differential pair integrator (DPI)-based synapse, and weight update controller are designed such that they properly operate under a 0.5V supply voltage. Simulation results in TSMC 0.18 $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process show an energy consumption of 2.5 pJ for the upgraded learning control module, while its stop-learning mechanism improves the performance of the system by avoiding overfitting.
Association between Covid-19 preventive behaviors and health literacy,　information-evaluation, and decision-making skills in Japanese adults.

BACKGROUND Health literacy is important for the prevention of COVID-19. Research in Japan shows that health literacy is related to skills in evaluating information and decision making (not necessarily limited to health information). Such basic skills are important, particularly when individuals encounter new health issues for which there is insufficient evidence. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the extent to which COVID-19 preventive behaviors were associated with health literacy and skills in evaluating information and making decisions. METHODS An online questionnaire survey was conducted using a Japanese Internet research company. A total of 3,914 valid responses were received. The measures comprised eight items on COVID-19 preventive behaviors, health literacy items (European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire), five items on information evaluation, and four items on the decision-making process. Pearson correlations between these variables were calculated. Multivariate analyses were also conducted using COVID-19 preventive behavior score as a dependent variable. RESULTS COVID-19 preventive behaviors were significantly correlated with health literacy, information evaluation, and the decision-making process (.23, .24, .30, respectively). The multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the standardized regression coefficients for each were . 11, . 13, and . 18; the highest value was for decision-making skills. CONCLUSIONS Although comprehensive health literacy is necessary for COVID-19 preventive behaviors, the skills to evaluate a wide range of information and to make appropriate decisions are no less important. Opportunities for people to acquire these skills should be available at all times. CLINICALTRIAL
Post-COVID-19 among Iraqi Population: Symptoms and Duration

Background: Earlier studies focused on description of clinical presentations of patients in the acute phase of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recently, records have emerged that some patients continue to suffer from symptoms related to COVID-19 after the acute phase of infection. Yet, there is no clear definition for this condition, and different terminology has encompassed such as “post-acute COVID-19 syndrome”, “post-COVID syndrome” and “long COVID”. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of Post-COVID-19 symptoms among the adult population in Baghdad city. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 341 Iraqi adults during the period from January to February 2021. All participants are confirmed and recovered cases of COVID-19. An online self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire includes information about socio-demographic characteristics, presence of co-existing conditions, details about COVID-19 infection, in addition to frequency, type, and duration of symptoms. Results: The results showed that the mean age of the participants was 30.41 years old and females represented about 65.1% of them. They suffer more frequently from symptoms of depression (6.7%), anxiety (6.2%), and peripheral neuropathy (6.2%) after 12 weeks after the acute phase. Feeling of fatigability was the most frequent symptom mentioned by (12.3%) of the patients that persist for more than 3-4 weeks beyond recovery followed by cognitive impairment in (11.7%) and loss of taste and/or smell in about (11.4%) of them. Conclusion: The majority of the patients suffered from persistent symptoms of COVID-19 following recovery, some of these symptoms continue for more than 3-4 weeks whereas others persist for longer than 12 weeks.
Efect of sowing dates and seed rates of flax intercropped with sugar beet on productivity of both crops and competitive relationships

The aim of intercropping flax on sugar beet is to increase the cultivated area with flax due to widely cultivated area of sugar beet. So, a field experiment was carried out to study the effect of various sowing dates and seed rates of flax intercropped with sugar beet on yield, quality and economic evaluation. The main-plots were assigned to three sowing dates of flax intercropped with sugar beet and the sub-plots were allocated to four seed rates of flax. The results show that sowing date of flax after 35 days from sowing (DFS) sugar beet resulted in the highest values of sugar beet yields and quality. Maximum values of flax straw and seed yields resulted from sowing flax after 21 DFS sugar beet. Intercropping sugar beet with flax at 12.5% from recommended seed rate on top sugar beet terraces attained the most elevated values of sugar beet yield and quality. Sowing flax at 50% from recommended rate resulted in the best values of flax technical and fruiting zone length, also straw and seed yield/hectare. The maximum yield and economic return of both crops were obtained from sowing flax at 12.5% from recommended rate after (21 or 35) DFS sugar beet.
Live streaming funerals: constructing togetherness and belonging in the mediatization era

ABSTRACT Live streaming has become an increasingly popular phenomenon in recent years and has turned private weddings and funerals into ‘public rituals’ online. This article examines how transition services reinforce collective identity and negotiate meanings via livestreaming-mediated communication. Based on ethnographic data from the French Hmong community, this article illustrates how does the diasporic and marginalized community translate transition moments to solidarity through this mediatization of rituals. This article suggests that exploring the emotionality of livestreaming in diasporic groups can illuminate the mechanism of identity-making in the mediatization era.
Epithelial and Neural Cadherin in Mammalian Fertilization: Studies in the Mouse Model

Successful mammalian fertilization requires a well-orchestrated sequence of molecular events leading to gamete fusion. Since this interaction involves Ca2+-dependent adhesion events, the participation of the Ca+2-dependent cell-cell adhesion proteins Epithelial (E-cad) and Neural (N-cad) cadherin is envisaged. We have previously reported the expression of E-cad and N-cad in human gametes and showed evidence of their involvement in sperm-oocyte adhesion events leading to fertilization. To overcome ethical limitations associated with the use of human gametes in fertilization-related studies, the mouse has been selected worldwide as the experimental model for over 4 decades. Herein, we report a detailed study aimed at characterizing the expression of E-cad and N-cad in murine gametes and their involvement in murine fertilization using specific antibodies and blocking peptides towards both adhesion proteins. E-cad and N-cad protein forms, as well as other members of the adhesion complex, specifically β-catenin and actin, were identified in spermatozoa, cumulus cells and oocytes protein extracts by means of Western immunoblotting. In addition, subcellular localization of these proteins was determined in whole cells using optical fluorescent microscopy. Gamete pre-incubation with anti-E-cad (ECCD-1) or N-cad (H-63) antibodies resulted in decreased (p < 0.05) In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) rates, when using both cumulus-oocytes complexes and cumulus-free oocytes. Moreover, IVF assays done with denuded oocytes and either antibodies or blocking peptides against E-cad and N-cad led to lower (p < 0.05) fertilization rates. When assessing each step, penetration of the cumulus mass was lower (p < 0.05) when spermatozoa were pre-incubated with ECCD-1 or blocking peptides towards E-cad or towards both E- and N-cad. Moreover, sperm-oolemma binding was impaired (p < 0.0005) after sperm pre-incubation with E-cad antibody or blocking peptide towards E-cad, N-cad or both proteins. Finally, sperm-oocyte fusion was lower (p < 0.05) after sperm pre-incubation with either antibody or blocking peptide against E-cad or N-cad. Our studies demonstrate the expression of members of the adherent complex in the murine model, and the use of antibodies and specific peptides revealed E-cad and N-cad participation in mammalian fertilization.
Determinants of Risk Management Adoption in Organisations and Supply Chains

The implementation of risk management (RM) increases the value of firms, reduces the cost of debts, increases profits and improves decision making. However, the debates on what determines RM adoption are still unresolved due to limited evidence of RM adoption in industrial settings. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a conceptual framework of the determinants that influence the adoption of RM. It has been found that two factors, the perception of risk management and risk perception, have often been neglected in prior research. Thus, this paper extends the existing literature by introducing these factors to the framework of RM adoption. It is suggested that future case studies can be conducted to examine the significance of these two factors.
Response of soils properties and archaea community to saline-sodic soils under long-term rice-based cropping system

ABSTRACT Understanding the soil microbiology and physico-chemistry may contribute to efficient land utilization. A 10-year field experiment was conducted in Songnen Plain, China. High-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR of 16S rRNA and methyl coenzyme M reductase A (mcrA) genes were performed to investigate the dynamic changes in archaeal community following long-term rice planting. Ten-year rice planting significantly decreased soil salinity and alkalinity, including pH (7.6%), electrical conductivity (23.9%), sodium absorption ratio (33.1%), and exchangeable sodium percentage (33.5%) and significantly increased soil organic carbon (70.5%) and mineral nutrient concentrations. Rice planting increased α-diversity, and reshaped the archaea community structure of saline-alkali soil. The archaea community compositions during the 10-year period were divided into three stages: 1) shift in abundance from ammonia-oxidizing archaea to methanogenic archaea, 2) methanogenic archaea (e.g. genera Methanosarcina, Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium, Methanocella, Methanomassiliicoccus) established superiority, and 3) methanogenic archaea genes copy numbers increased and the community became stable. Redundancy analysis showed that the decrease in pH caused by long-term flooding was the main factor responsible for the changes in archaea community structure. The results highlighted that the rice planting could be a beneficial approach for maintaining ecological stability and reclaiming severe saline-alkali soil.
Using National Incident-Based Reporting System data to assess agency differences in clearance rates: a recommendation for law enforcement

ABSTRACT The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) disaggregates crime clearances into crimes cleared by arrest and crimes cleared by exceptional means. This feature is an improvement to the Summary Reporting System and allows law enforcement agencies to perform cross-jurisdiction comparisons of their clearance practices and investigative performances. This study uses sexual assault clearance rates to demonstrate a method of cross-jurisdiction comparison, which can be used to improve agency practices. Findings show much variability in sexual assault clearance rates across agencies, but most of this variation is explained by agency use of clearance by exceptional means. Further, no single agency characteristic examined here explained variability in exceptional clearance rates. Finally, there was additional agency variation in the offense type used to clear a sexual assault by arrest. The article concludes with a discussion of the importance of NIBRS for advancing law enforcement research and practice and the need for greater attention to data quality in NIBRS.
Utilising police knowledge and skills: Experiences from police practitioners studying a police specific degree

This article presents preliminary findings from a longitudinal study contributing to the current debate about police education and professionalising the police in England and Wales. The findings in this article are taken from a survey administered in 2016 to third-year students enrolled in a policing degree. Surveys were distributed to police officer students in the last year of their degree programme asking for their perceptions of the degree, their organisation's support for their learning and how they felt that learning was utilised in their workplace. Supplementary to the survey, interviews were conducted with the students after their graduation in 2018. The research findings suggest that students perceived the benefits of obtaining a degree-level qualification as fundamentally important to their professional development and personal decision-making at work. Early support initially received for study leave purposes, rarely extended beyond this practical provision. The extent to which police organisations valued the learning from the degree was perceived to be lacking. Senior-ranked students were more likely to be able to use and promote their newly acquired skills and knowledge in the workplace compared with lower-ranked students. Such findings may inform scholars’ and practitioners’ continued evaluation of police education reforms in England and Wales.