Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Defining Role of Environmental Self-Identity among Consumption Values and Behavioral Intention to Consume Organic Food

Consumption values and self-identity are the essential antecedents of consumer sustainable behavior. By integrating the theory of consumption values and self-identity approach, this research explores the relationship among consumption values (functional, social, conditional, epistemic and emotional), environmental self-identity and the behavioral intention to consume organic food. The data was collected from 406 organic food consumers through a structured questionnaire in Lahore (Pakistan). Using the PLS-SEM approach, we find that conditional value, emotional value, epistemic value, and functional value quality have a significant positive influence on consumers’ behavioral intention to consume organic food. We further find that environmental self-identity significantly mediates the structural relationship between consumption values and the behavioral intention to consume organic food. Our results imply that the interventions targeting environmental self-identity are a promising way to promote sustainable consumption behavior. Our findings also have important implications for the development of the organic food market based on consumption values and self-identities.
Combining Autoclaving with Mild Alkaline Solution as a Pretreatment Technique to Enhance Glucose Recovery from the Invasive Weed Chloris barbata

Developing an optimum pretreatment condition to enhance glucose recovery assessed the potential of Chloris barbata, which is a common invasive weed in Thailand, as a feedstock for bioethanol production. Chloris barbata was exposed to autoclave-assisted alkaline pretreatment by using different sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations (1% to 4%) and heat intensities (110 °C to 130 °C) that were dissipated from autoclaving. The optimum condition for pretreatment was determined to be 2% NaOH at 110 °C for 60 min. At this condition, maximum hydrolysis efficiency (90.0%) and glucose recovery (30.7%), as compared to those of raw C. barbata (15.15% and 6.20%, respectively), were observed. Evaluation of glucose production from 1000 g of C. barbata based on material balance analysis revealed an estimated yield of 304 g after pretreatment at the optimum condition when compared to that of raw C. barbata (61 g), an increase of five-fold. Structural analysis by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the disruption of the intact structure of C. barbata and an increase in the cellulose crystallinity index (CrI), respectively. The results from this study demonstrate the efficiency of using C. barbata as a potential feedstock for bioethanol production.
Places in Information Science

Human spatial concepts, such as the concept of place, are not immediately translatable to the geometric foundations of spatial databases and information systems developed over the past 50 years. These systems typically rest on the concepts of objects and fields, both bound to coordinates, as two general paradigms of geographic representation. The match between notions of place occurring in everyday where questions and the data available to answer such questions is unclear and hinders progress in place‐based information systems. This is particularly true in novel application areas such as the Digital Humanities or speech‐based human–computer interaction, but also for location‐based services. Although this shortcoming has been observed before, we approach the challenges of relating places to information system representations with a fresh view, based on a set of core concepts of spatial information. These concepts have been proposed in information science with the intent of serving human–machine spatial question asking and answering. Clarifying the relationship of the notion of place to these concepts is a significant step toward geographically intelligent systems. The main result of the article is a demonstration that the notion of place fits existing concepts of spatial information, when these are adequately exploited and combined.
Bayesian Inference and Testing Any Hypothesis You Can Specify

Hypothesis testing is a special form of model selection. Once a pair of competing models is fully defined, their definition immediately leads to a measure of how strongly each model supports the data. The ratio of their support is often called the likelihood ratio or the Bayes factor. Critical in the model-selection endeavor is the specification of the models. In the case of hypothesis testing, it is of the greatest importance that the researcher specify exactly what is meant by a “null” hypothesis as well as the alternative to which it is contrasted, and that these are suitable instantiations of theoretical positions. Here, we provide an overview of different instantiations of null and alternative hypotheses that can be useful in practice, but in all cases the inferential procedure is based on the same underlying method of likelihood comparison. An associated app can be found at https://osf.io/mvp53/. This article is the work of the authors and is reformatted from the original, which was published under a CC-By Attribution 4.0 International license and is available at https://psyarxiv.com/wmf3r/.
Why did they cite that

We explore a machine learning task, evidence recommendation (ER), the extraction of evidence from a source document to support an external claim. This task is an instance of the question answering machine learning task. We apply ER to academic publications because they cite other papers for the claims they make. Reading cited papers to corroborate claims is time-consuming and an automated ER tool could expedite it. Thus, we propose a methodology for collecting a dataset of academic papers and their references. We explore deep learning models for ER and achieve 77% accuracy with pairwise models and 75% pairwise accuracy with document-wise models. Acknowledgements I would like to thank my advisor, Professor Jake Whitehill, for helping learn how to better approach research.
Prediction of Time to Hormonal Treatment Failure in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer with 18F-FDG PET/CT

The aim of this prospective investigation was to assess the association of 18F-FDG PET/CT with time to hormonal treatment failure (THTF) in men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Methods: 76 men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer recruited from 2005 to 2011 underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and were followed prospectively for THTF, defined as treatment change to chemotherapy or death. Patients who had not switched to chemotherapy were censored at the last follow-up date (median of 36 mo; range, 12–108 mo). Cox regression analyses were performed to examine the association between PET/CT measurements: sum of SUVmax, maximum SUVmax, and average SUVmax for up to 10 of the most active lesions and THTF. Survival probabilities were based on the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: 43 patients had hormonal treatment failure, and 8 died without documented treatment failure. Median THTF was 26.5 mo (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.5–46.6 mo). The THTF-free probability at 5 y was 35% ± 6%. On univariate analysis, all PET parameters, including number of lesions, were statistically significant for THTF. In a reduced multivariate model accounting for clinical variables, only sum of SUVmax (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.002–1.03; P = 0.024) and number of lesions (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.08–1.29; P < 0.001) were independently associated with THTF. When sum of SUVmax was grouped into quartile ranges, there was a significantly worse survival probability for patients in the fourth-quartile range than in the first, with a univariate hazard ratio of 6.2 (95% CI, 2.8–13.6; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Sum of SUVmax and number of lesions derived from 18F-FDG PET/CT provide independent prognostic information on THTF in men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.
Obesity Prevalence and Musculoskeletal Injury History in Probation Officers.

PURPOSE The purpose of the present investigation was to identify 1) the prevalence of overweight and obesity and 2) factors associated with previous work-related musculoskeletal injury, and physical activity levels in North Carolina probation officers. METHODS North Carolina probation officers (n=1,866) were sent a questionnaire on demographics, work history, injury history, and physical activity. A multivariable logistic regression model estimated the odds of reporting work-related musculoskeletal injury history within the past year, and multivariable ordinal logistic regression estimated the odds of reporting lower physical activity levels in the previous month. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) excluding 1.00 were deemed significant. RESULTS Complete data were available for 1,323 probation officers (70.9% completion rate; 46.5% female; mean±SD age=39.9±10.0 years). 80.8% of officers were classified as overweight and obese (body mass index [BMI]≥25kg/m), with 49.9% and 9.5% categorized as obese (BMI≥30kg/m) and severely obese (BMI≥40kg/m), respectively. Being older (1-year increase; OR=1.06; 95% CI=1.04-1.09) and severely obese (compared to normally weighted; OR=2.56; 95% CI=1.19-5.51) was associated with a greater odds of sustaining a work-related musculoskeletal injury in the past year. A higher number of years of employment (one-year increase; OR=1.03; 95% CI=1.01-1.04), being overweight or obese (compared to normal weight; OR=1.57-3.22) and being female (compared to male; OR=0.38; 95% CI=0.31-0.47) was associated with greater odds of lower physical activity levels in the previous month.The prevalence of obesity is alarmingly high in probation officers, and is associated with a greater likelihood of sustaining previous work-related musculoskeletal injury and engaging in lower amounts of PA. Public safety administrators may consider worksite exercise/diet interventions and annual physical employment standards to combat obesity.
A Method and Tool for Finding Concurrency Bugs Involving Multiple Variables with Application to Modern Distributed Systems

OF THE DISSERTATION A METHOD AND TOOL FOR FINDING CONCURRENCY BUGS INVOLVING MULTIPLE VARIABLES WITH APPLICATION TO MODERN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS by Zhuo Sun Florida International University, 2018 Miami, Florida Professor Xudong He, Major Professor Concurrency bugs are extremely hard to detect due to huge interleaving space. They are happening in the real world more often because of the prevalence of multithreaded programs taking advantage of multi-core hardware, and microservice based distributed systems moving more and more applications to the cloud. As the most common non-deadlock concurrency bugs, atomicity violations are studied in many recent works, however, those methods are applicable only to single-variable atomicity violation, and don't consider the speci c challenge in distributed systems that have both pessimistic and optimistic concurrency control. This dissertation presents a tool using model checking to predict atomicity violation concurrency bugs involving two shared variables or shared resources. We developed a unique method inferring correlation between shared variables in multithreaded programs and shared resources in microservice based distributed systems, that is based on dynamic analysis and is able to detect the correlation that would be missed by static analysis. For multi-threaded programs, we use a binary instrumentation tool to capture runtime information about shared variables and synchronization events, and for microservice based distributed systems, we use a web proxy to capture HTTP based tra c about API calls and the shared resources they access
How is implementation research applied to advance health in low-income and middle-income countries?

This paper examines the characteristics of implementation research (IR) efforts in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) by describing how key IR principles and concepts have been used in published health research in LMICs between 1998 and 2016, with focus on how to better apply these principles and concepts to support large-scale impact of health interventions in LMICs. There is a stark discrepancy between principles of IR and what has been published. Most IR studies have been conducted under conditions where the researchers have considerable influence over implementation and with extra resources, rather than in ‘real world’ conditions. IR researchers tend to focus on research questions that test a proof of concept, such as whether a new intervention is feasible or can improve implementation. They also tend to use traditional fixed research designs, yet the usual conditions for managing programmes demand continuous learning and change. More IR in LMICs should be conducted under usual management conditions, employ pragmatic research paradigm and address critical implementation issues such as scale-up and sustainability of evidence-informed interventions. This paper describes some positive examples that address these concerns and identifies how better reporting of IR studies in LMICs would include more complete descriptions of strategies, contexts, concepts, methods and outcomes of IR activities. This will help practitioners, policy-makers and other researchers to better learn how to implement large-scale change in their own settings.
Voltage-gated sodium channel intron polymorphism and four mutations comprise six haplotypes in an Aedes aegypti population in Taiwan

Background Knockdown resistance (kdr) to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and pyrethroids is known to link amino acid substitutions in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) in Aedes aegypti. Dengue fever primarily transmitted by Ae. aegypti is an annual public health issue in Taiwan. Accordingly, pyrethroid insecticides have been heavily used for decades to control mosquito populations in the summer and autumn. In Taiwan, an Ae. aegypti population with two VGSC mutations, V1016G and D1763Y, was described previously. Methodology/Principal finding Aedes aegypti (G0) were collected in Tainan and Kaohsiung in southern Taiwan. The VGSC gene polymorphisms of the kdr mutations and the intron flanked by exons 20 and 21 were verified. The first generation offspring (G1) were used to measure the resistance level to cypermethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide currently used in Taiwan. In addition to V1016G and D1763Y, we describe two new mutations, S989P and F1534C, which have not been reported in Taiwan. Moreover, we also identify two types (groups A and B) of introns between exons 20 and 21. Intriguingly, the kdr mutations S989P, V1016G and D1763Y are strictly located on the haplotype harboring the group A intron, whereas F1534C links to the group B intron. When those data were taken together, we proposed the following six haplotypes for VGSC genes in Taiwan today: (i)S989-intron A-V1016-F1534-D1763, (ii)S989-intron A-V1016G-F1534-D1763, (iii)S989P-intron A-V1016G-F1534-D1763, (iv)S989-intron A-V1016G-F1534-D1763Y, (v)S989-intron B-V1016-F1534-D1763 and (vi)S989-intron B-V1016-F1534C-D1763. Triple heterozygous mutations of either S989P/V1016G/F1534C or V1016G/F1534C/D1763Y can be found in one single Ae. aegypti mosquito. The proportions of the VGSC mutations were relevant to cypermethrin resistance. Notably, the presence of S989P and V1016G in the population could be a helpful reference to predict the resistance level to cypermethrin. This is the first study to demonstrate the coexistence of four kdr mutations in a population of Ae. aegypti. Conclusions/Significance Four kdr mutations (S989P, V1016G, F1534C and D1763Y) and two intron forms (Group A and B) were commonly found in local Ae. aegypti populations in Taiwan.
Fatigue, Physical and Functional Mobility, and Obesity in Pediatric Cancer Survivors

Background Survivors of childhood cancer are prone to an increased risk of chronic issues such as cardiovascular disease, fatigue, weight-related problems, and emotional disturbances. Objective This study utilized the biopsychosocial model to examine the hypothesis that greater depression and lower mobility would be significantly associated with greater fatigue and higher body mass index in survivors of childhood cancer. Methods Data were analyzed for 144 children treated and followed up for an oncology condition at a southeastern academic medical center. Voluntarily, children completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 1.0, and parents completed the Family Symptom Inventory as part of a brief annual psychosocial screening battery. Height and weight were collected by a clinic nurse prior to questionnaire completion. Results Hierarchical linear regression showed that shorter time since diagnosis (β = −.154, P < .05), greater child-reported depression (β = .396, P < .01), and lower mobility (β = .427, P < .01) significantly predicted greater fatigue (adjusted R2 = 0.54). Older age (β = .262, P < .01) and not receiving chemotherapy (β = −.209, P < .05) significantly predicted higher body mass index (adjusted R2 = 0.051). Conclusions Findings showed that fatigue tends to improve over time after treatment but may be predicted by greater depression symptoms and lower mobility in recent survivors of childhood cancer. Implications for Practice For survivors of childhood cancer with higher levels of fatigue, treating symptoms of depression and maximizing physical and mobility may be of clinical value. With the impact of psychological and social factors not yet understood in pediatric cancer survivors, weight status in recent survivors of childhood cancer is likely a complex interaction between biological and treatment factors.
End user nonmalicious, counterproductive computer security behaviors: concept, development, and validation of an instrument

Employees' engagement in nonmalicious, counterproductive computer security behaviors (CCSB) poses a threat to organizations' information systems (IS) resources and assets. In order to understand CCSB, there is a need to propose theoretical foundations to research the phenomenon and to offer useful tools to help organizations assess such behaviors in their particular contexts. Relevant instruments that systematically measure or assess workers' participation in CCSB remain underdeveloped. This study proposes an instrument to assess engagement in CCSB. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed three subscales of CCSB, that is, “careless use of IS resources,” “procrastinating carrying out required IS actions,” and “improper use of IS resources. ” The instrument's relevance to research and practice is discussed and directions for future research are outlined.
Comparative Study on Skin and Hair Follicles Cycling between Inner Mongolia and Liaoning Cashmere Goats

The cycling of skin and hair follicles of Arbas and Liaoning cashmere goats has been researched. The results show that the epidermis stratum basale cell starts rooting in March, the secondary hair follicles begin reconstructing at the same time. The hair follicles enter anagen from August to September, most of them enter catagen in December. Their telagen period is from February to March. The time, in which the hair follicles of the two goats enter anagen, and its duration, are different. Moreover, except for width of the primary hair follicles bulb, other characteristics of the Arbas cashmere goat are much more obvious than those of the Liaoning cashmere goat, but all characteristics of the secondary hair follicles are contrary. The differention is remarkable in most months. The depth, density, S/P and breadth of hair follicles and the period of growth are factors that have an effect on the production of cashmere.
Chitosan Hydrogel Beads Supported with Ceria for Boron Removal

In this study, a chitosan hydrogel supported with ceria (labelled Ce-CTS) was prepared by an encapsulation technique and used for the efficient removal of excess B(III) from aqueous solutions. The functionalisation of chitosan with Ce(IV) and the improvement in the adsorptive behaviour of the hydrogel were determined by SEM-EDS, FTIR, XRD, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) analyses and discussed. The results demonstrate that Ce-CTS removes boric acid from aqueous solutions more efficiently than either cerium dioxide hydrate or raw chitosan beads, the precursors of the Ce-CTS biosorbent. The maximum adsorption capacity of 13.5 ± 0.9 mg/g was achieved at pH 7 after 24 h. The equilibrium data of boron adsorption on Ce-CTS fitted the Freundlich isotherm model, while the kinetic data followed the Elovich pseudo-second-order model, which indicated that the process was non-homogeneous. The dominant mechanism of removal was the reaction between boric acid molecules and hydroxyl groups bound to the ceria chelated by chitosan active centres. Due to its high efficiency in removing boron, good regeneration capacity and convenient form, Ce-CTS may be considered a promising biosorbent in water purification.
Ambient effects on photogating in MoS2 photodetectors

Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are ideal candidates for ultrathin optoelectronics that are flexible and semitransparent. Photodetectors based on TMDs show remarkable performance, with responsivity and detectivity higher than 103 AW−1 and 1012 Jones, respectively, but they are plagued by response times as slow as several tens of seconds. Although it is well established that gas adsorbates such as water and oxygen create charge traps and significantly increase both the responsivity and the response time, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here we study the influence of adsorbates on MoS2 photodetectors under ambient conditions, vacuum and illumination at different wavelengths. We show that, for wavelengths sufficiently short to excite electron-hole pairs in the MoS2, light illumination causes desorption of water and oxygen molecules. The change in the molecular gating provided by the physisorbed molecules is the dominant contribution to the device photoresponse in ambient conditions.
Animal models of mucositis: critical tools for advancing pathobiological understanding and identifying therapeutic targets

Purpose of review Mucositis remains a prevalent, yet poorly managed side effect of anticancer therapies. Mucositis affecting both the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract predispose to infection and require extensive supportive management, contributing to the growing economic burden associated with cancer care. Animal models remain a critical aspect of mucositis research, providing novel insights into its pathogenesis and revealing therapeutic targets. The current review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current animal models used in mucositis research. Recent findings A wide variety of animal models of mucositis exist highlighting the highly heterogenous landscape of supportive oncology and the unique cytotoxic mechanisms of different anticancer agents. Golden Syrian hamsters remain the gold-standard species for investigation of oral mucositis induced by single dose and fractionated radiation as well as chemoradiation. There is no universally accepted gold-standard model for the study of gastrointestinal mucositis, with rats, mice, pigs and dogs all offering unique perspectives on its pathobiology. Summary Animal models are a critical aspect of mucositis research, providing unprecedent insight into the pathobiology of mucositis. Introduction of tumour-bearing models, cyclic dosing scheduled, concomitant agents and genetically modified animals have been integral in refining our understanding of mucositis.