Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microencapsulated polyphenol extracts from Georgia‐grown pomegranate peels delay lipid oxidation in salad dressing during accelerated and ambient storage conditions

Abstract Lipid oxidation is a major cause of quality deterioration in salad dressings. This study evaluated the effect of incorporating microencapsulated polyphenol extracts via spray drying from pomegranate peels (MPP) to delay lipid oxidation in Italian‐style salad dressings (ISD) during accelerated (55°C) and ambient (25°C) storage conditions. ISDs, prepared at high (5000 rpm) and low (250 rpm) shear rates conditions, were formulated with unencapsulated polyphenol extracts from pomegranate peels (PPP), MPP, and/or grape seed extract (GSE). Lipid oxidation in ISDs was evaluated by measuring peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), and TBARS, stored in accelerated and ambient conditions for 21 days and 8 weeks, respectively. Tannis in extracts were measured via HPLC‐DAD and the total hydrolyzable tannin content of PPP and MPP was 283.09 and 427.74 (mg/g extract), respectively. Condensed tannins were not detected in PPP and MPP but were found in GSE (348.53 mg/g extract). Salad dressings prepared at high shear rates had significantly (p < .05) higher emulsion stability than those homogenized at low shear rates. Mixing conditions did not affect the lipid oxidative stability of IDSs. Salad dressing stored under accelerated storage had higher lipid oxidation (higher PV, lower IV, and higher TBARS) after 21 days than IDSs stored under ambient conditions for 8 weeks. ISDs prepared with MPPP showed significantly (p < .05) lower lipid oxidation than the other ISDs at the end of the shelf life studies. Results from the accelerated storage suggested that incorporating MPP could have extended the shelf life of IDSs by 20% compared to using unencapsulated polyphenol extracts. The study demonstrated that MPP delays lipid oxidation in ISDs during storage more effectively than unencapsulated extracts. MPP may serve as a natural and effective functional food ingredient for controlling lipid oxidation in high‐lipid and acidified foods.
Cryogenic Measurement of CMOS Devices for Quantum Technologies

In this article we present the experimental characterization of active components of a standard 65 nm CMOS technology for a temperature range from 313 to 5 K, analyzing the variation of the main parameters over temperature and voltage, recovering their main parameters (threshold voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, transconductance <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$G_{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and channel conductance <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$G_{\text {DS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The measurement has been carried out wire-bonding the bare dies with the devices to a dedicated printed circuit board (PCB) that has been placed inside a dilution refrigerator. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{D}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {DS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> curves for both NMOS and PMOS transistors shows an increase of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{D}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the cryogenic regime that is more relevant for high values of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {GS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> because for lower values it is partially compensated by the variation of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {th}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Also, a kink is observed in these curves for high <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {DS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> values, caused by the bulk current generated by impact ionization at the drain combined with the increased resistivity of the frozen-out substrate. The transconductance <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$G_{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> reaches non-zero values for higher <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {GS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T$ </tex-math></inline-formula> decreases and then peaks to higher values in the cryogenic regime. In turn, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$G_{\text {DS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> increases for increasing <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, following the behavior observed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{D}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Both results are in accordance with other thermal characterizations carried out on CMOS transistors in different technologies.
Variation in Erythemal UV Dose for Indian Cities as Observed from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment Data

Variation in Erythemal UV Dose (EUVD) for five Indian cities and their expected critical limits has been studied using the data obtained from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME). The EUVD values are found to be higher and peak earlier at places located at lower latitudes than at higher latitudes. They are higher during summer / monsoon compared to winter. Seasonal variation in EUVD is more pronounced at higher latitudes compared to lower latitudes. EUVD variations show a negative correlation with solar activity and are observed to be well within the statistically calculated critical limits for these five Indian cities.
Relationship Between Permeability and Resistivity of Sheared Rock Fractures: The Role of Tortuosity and Flow Path Percolation

The fluid‐flow properties of fractures have received increasing attention regarding the role of geofluids in the genesis of slow and fast earthquakes and recent advances in geoengineering developments. Geophysical observations are promising tools to remotely estimate crustal permeability changes; however, quantitative interpretations are limited by the rock‐physical models' paucity for fractures. This study investigated changes in permeability, resistivity, and their respective relationships at elevated stress by performing numerical simulations of different fracture models with varying fracture size, roughness, and shear displacement. Numerical results and microscopic flow analysis demonstrate that permeability–resistivity relationships are controlled by percolation and are less dependent on fracture geometric characteristics. Our finding suggests that the permeability evolution of fractures can be formulated with resistivity changes independent of both fracture size and microstructure, the trends of which can be predicted using Archie's exponent. The extension to the electro‐mechanical relationship further derives the potential applications of estimating stress changes.
Inter‐El Niño variability in CMIP5 models: Model deficiencies and future changes

Inter‐El Niño variability, which represents the diversity in spatiotemporal evolution among El Niño events, has been identified using the first two leading modes of sea surface temperature anomalies along the equator. The first mode represents the transition from El Niño into La Niña and the second mode reveals El Niño's persistence through the following spring. Here we examine the ability of models to capture inter‐El Niño variability and predict future changes due to global warming using historical and Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 simulations of phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Most CMIP5 models realistically reproduce the first mode, but three fifths of the models fail to capture the second mode, with considerable intermodel diversity. The 10 best models are therefore selected according to a measurement of pattern correlation coefficients and normalized root‐mean‐square errors with respect to reproduction of the second mode. The results aggregated from the best models indicate that the first “transition” mode will remain unchanged from the present climate to the future climate; in contrast, the second “persistence” mode changes stochastically across the CMIP5 models. Consequently, we conclude that El Niño's transition into La Niña is the most dominant characteristic of simulated inter‐El Niño variability and will remain unswayed under global warming conditions. Model deficiency in simulating El Niño's persistence is a key source of uncertainty in modeling inter‐El Niño variability, resulting in difficulty predicting how certain characteristics of El Niño events may change with global warming.
IMPACT OF CATHOLIC SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM ON HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT WITHIN RELIGIOUS WOMEN’S CONGREGATIONS IN THE NORTHERN ZONE OF TANZANIA

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the Catholic Scholarship Program for Tanzania (CSPT) on human capital development within religious Catholic Women's Congregations in Northern Tanzania. The study was guided by the question: to what extent does the implementation of CSPT enhance human capital development within religious women’s congregations? The study was anchored on: Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) Model. This study applied Convergent design under the mixed methods. The general target population for the study was 142 respondents from CSPT in the Northern Zone of Tanzania. However, this particular study comprised of: 122 religious women, 16 superiors of different congregations, 3 board of directors, and 1 executive secretary of the programme. The study sample comprised 84 respondents from whom 80 are religious women, 2 are superiors of congregations, 1 is from the board of directors, and 1 is the executive secretary of the programme. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to obtain samples for this study. Data was collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The validity and reliability of the evaluation instruments were ensured, and the instruments were pilot-tested. Quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, and means. Qualitative data on the other hand was examined through the transcription of texts, generating themes for interpretation, discussions, and arriving at conclusions. The study established that the implementation of the Catholic Scholarship Program to a great extent enhanced human capital development within religious women's congregations in the Northern Zone of Tanzania. The study concludes that CSPT is a valuable programme for religious women congregations in terms of human capital development. The study recommended that the management of CSPT should frequently monitor the participating congregations. The monitoring ensures that the beneficiaries positively enhance the development of the human capital of the congregations as envisaged by the CSPT. Article visualizations:
Impact of Sex and Genetic Variation in Relevant Pharmacogenes on the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Valsartan, Olmesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide

Drug combination therapy is the most common pharmacological strategy for hypertension management. No pharmacogenetic biomarkers for guiding hypertension pharmacotherapy are available to date. The study population were 64 volunteers from seven bioequivalence trials investigating formulations with valsartan, olmesartan and/or hydrochlorothiazide. Every volunteer was genotyped for 10 genetic variants in different transporters’ genes. Additionally, valsartan-treated volunteers were genotyped for 29 genetic variants in genes encoding for different metabolizing enzymes. Variability in pharmacokinetic parameters such as maximum concentration (Cmax) and time to reach it (tmax), the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and blood pressure measurements were analyzed as a function of pharmacogenetic and demographic parameters. Individuals with the ABCB1 rs1045642 T/T genotype were associated with a higher valsartan tmax compared to those with T/G and G/G genotypes (p < 0.001, β = 0.821, R2 = 0.459) and with a tendency toward a higher postural dizziness incidence (11.8% vs. 0%, p = 0.070). A higher hydrochlorothiazide dose/weight (DW)-corrected area under the curve (AUC∞/DW) was observed in SLC22A1 rs34059508 G/A volunteers compared to G/G volunteers (p = 0.050, β = 1047.35, R2 = 0.051), and a tendency toward a higher postural dizziness incidence (50% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.063). Sex impacted valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide pharmacokinetics, showing a lower exposure in women, whereas no significant differences were found for olmesartan pharmacokinetics.
New and confirmed chromosome counts for the Mniaceae

Abstract. The Mniaceae is one of the largest families of mosses, with more than 75 species worldwide, and is one of the most studied families with respect to chromosome numbers, pairing, structural features, and early or late disjunction. In the 1940s a pathbreaking cytotaxonomic study of haploid-diploid species pairs set the stage for further research that explored allopolyploidy, m-chromosomes, and karyology. Here we report chromosome numbers, examined in the course of our studies of allopolyploidy in several genera, for five species of Cinclidium, two of Cyrtomnium, eight of Plagiomnium, one of Pseudobryum, and eight of Rhizomnium and compare our results to earlier published reports. In contrast to most previous studies, we made multiple counts from different geographical regions within the ranges of the species. Five of our 24 counts represent firsts for these species: Cinclidium alaskanum (n = 6 + m), C. minutifolium (n = 6 + m), Plagiomnium curvatulum (n = 12), P. tezukae (n = 6) and Rhizomnium appalachianum (n = 6 + m). Because there have been major changes in the taxonomic treatment of species of Mniaceae beginning with an important revision of the family in 1968, it is critical to attach correct names to earlier reports of chromosome numbers. Moreover, a number of reports based on misidentifications have necessitated reexamination of the original specimens. Finally, we attempt to relate our observations of chromosome karyotypes to recent discoveries based on whole genome sequencing of selected moss species and point out why such studies of the Mniaceae may prove particularly insightful.
Comparing migration experiences of Venezuelan women and girls: a mixed-method, cross-sectional analysis of refugees/migrants in Ecuador, Peru and Brazil

Over the past decade, geopolitical turmoil in Venezuela has resulted in the displacement of 7.1 million people, resulting in a migration and refugee crisis.This current cross-sectional, mixed-method research, which is focused on women and girls, examines differences in Venezuelan refugee/migrant demographics, migration characteristics, experiences and perceptions across nine locations in Ecuador, Peru and Brazil.A total of 9116 Venezuelan refugees/migrants shared 9339 migration experiences. Respondents in Brazil had been displaced for less time, reported more extreme poverty, perceived that they had received more support from the host community, and had more positive migration experiences. In contrast, respondents in Peru had been displaced for longer, were more likely to share experiences of insecurity/violence, perceived that they had not received adequate support and were more likely to report that the migration experience was negative. Respondents in Ecuador tended to provide more moderate responses somewhere between those from Brazil and Peru with one exception being around the impact of COVID-19, which they perceived more negatively.It is critical to recognise that Venezuelan refugee/migrant populations are not homogenous and that their experiences, needs and priorities vary by location of settlement and migration route. From these findings, we recommend more open regularisation policies for Venezuelan nationals in Ecuador and Peru in addition to improved socioeconomic integration in accordance with the Quito Process. Sharing of successful models from other contexts may prove helpful.
Correlation of Pulp Calcification and Cardiovascular Conditions: A Literature Review

The pathophysiology of calcified dental pulp is considered to be comparable to that of calcified atheroma in the artery. These calcified masses are small nodular which is seen more often in the coronal pulp region than in the radicular pulp. This is generally more common in the elderly population and usually corresponds to increasing age. Calcifications are also found in the brain, breast, arteries, and kidneys. There is a link between pulp calcification and cardiovascular problems. It is commonly assumed that individuals suffering from cardiovascular diseases have a higher risk of calcification in the pulp. The use of radiography as a quick means of detecting cardiovascular disease is possible. The pulp calcification process is usually triggered by the osteoblastic process. The process is identified by the presence of an osteoid matrix, which is built down by odontoblast cells in the pulp’s peripheral portions, culminating in the production of tissue that is comparable to dentine. This review will look at pulp calcifications from all angles, including their mechanism, clinical considerations, radiographic features, and management, and also to determine if there is a link between pulp calcification and cardiovascular problems.
Skin Biopsy as a Diagnostic Tool for Synucleinopathies

Studies published in the last decade identified skin biopsies as a promising source of material for detecting alpha-synuclein (αSN). Alpha-synuclein gets deposited in the skin of patients with synucleinopathies, and therefore, a skin biopsy can be used to diagnose and confirm these diseases histopathologically. A skin biopsy can also be helpful for studies focusing on the nature of αSN deposits. The most important aspects of a biomarker are sensitivity, specificity, and technical feasibility. The potential for a skin biopsy to become the clinical tool of choice as a reliable biomarker for diagnosing synucleinopathies appears to be high, with consistently high sensitivity (>80%) and specificity approaching 100%. The review aims to provide an overview of the factors impacting skin biopsy's sensitivity, specificity, and feasibility in detecting dermal αSN deposits.
Precursory signals associated with the interannual variability of the Asian summer monsoon

Abstract In this work, the interannual variability of the Asian summer monsoon is studied by analyzing outputs of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project integration using the Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheres general circulation model. The main effort is devoted to exploring and understanding precursory signals associated with the interannual variability of the Asian monsoon and deciphering possible physical mechanisms responsible for the signals. It is found that strong precursory signals of highly anomalous Asian summer monsoon appear over the subtropical Asian region during the previous winter-spring seasons. Prior to a strong summer monsoon, the westerlies over subtropical Asia are weaker than normal, and vice versa. Dynamically consistent changes are found in other fields such as atmospheric temperature, geopotential height, and surface temperature. These precursory signals seem to have a barotropic structure in the troposphere. They exist over a broad region and last for two to three seasons.
An Exploration of English as a Lingua Franca Communication: A Case Study of How English is Used as a Lingua Franca among Non-native Speakers for Mutual Understanding in an International Golf Tournament Operation in Thailand

To study the success of an international event handling in Thailand with a focus on the area of mutual communication, this paper aimed to shed light on how English is used as a lingua franca among the local Thai working team and the organizer team who are non-native speakers from different language backgrounds to achieve their mutual understanding and efficaciously execute works in the context of an international golf tournament operation staged in Thailand. Included in the study are lingua franca communication perceptions held by the interlocutors. Additionally, this study explored communication barriers in internationalinteractions, and finally investigated strategies adopted and practiced throughout the event operation period. Using the framework of qualitative analysis research design, this study explored and described how the event working personnel used English as a lingua franca (ELF) to communicate with one another who do not share a first language (L1) background by conducting semi-structured interviews with the 10 participants. The data was then analyzed to see their perceptions, communication barriers and how they overcame non-understanding when there was a breakdown in mutual intelligibility. The findings suggested the organizer team’s perceptions towards English communication were positive whereas lack of confidence was found among the local Thai working team when dealing with lingua franca interactions. The lingua franca encounter participants perceived that terminologies used in the working field, limited vocabulary and word choices, grammar points and various accents might disrupt their communication. In order to achieve mutual intelligibility of both parties, the participants applied various communication strategies such as simplifying word choices or sentences, repeating words or statements, cross-checking and using body language. Finally, this case study would give some indications and guidelines for further research in an area of English usage in international business settings, particularly in the Thai context.
Developing a model of work duration under the influence of risk events in the implementation of life cycle contracts for large energy construction projects

Projects implemented under life cycle contracts have become increasingly common in recent years to ensure the quality of construction and maintenance of energy infrastructure facilities. A key parameter for energy facility construction projects implemented under life cycle contracts is their duration and deadlines. Therefore, the systematic identification, monitoring, and comprehensive assessment of risks affecting the timing of work on the design and construction is an urgent practical task. The purpose of this work is to study the strength of the influence of various risks on the duration of a project implemented on the terms of a life cycle contract. The use of the expert assessment method allows for identifying the most likely risks for the design and construction phases, as well as determining the ranges of deviations from the baseline indicator. Using the obtained expert evaluations, a model reflecting the range and the most probable duration of the design and construction works under the influence of risk events was built by the Monte-Carlo statistical method. The results obtained allow monitoring and promptly detecting deviations in the actual duration of work from the basic deadlines set in the life cycle contract. This will give an opportunity to accurately respond to emerging risks and build a mutually beneficial relationship between the parties to life cycle contracts.