Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast Computation of Highly Oscillatory ODE Problems: Applications in High-Frequency Communication Circuits

The paper demonstrates symmetric integral operator and interpolation based numerical approximations for linear and nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with oscillatory factor x′=ψ(x)+χω(t), where the function χω(t) is an oscillatory forcing term. These equations appear in a variety of computational problems occurring in Fourier analysis, computational harmonic analysis, fluid dynamics, electromagnetics, and quantum mechanics. Classical methods such as Runge–Kutta methods etc. fail to approximate the oscillatory ODEs due the existence of oscillatory term χω(t). Two types of methods are presented to approximate highly oscillatory ODEs. The first method uses radial basis function interpolation, and then quadrature rules are used to evaluate the integral part of the solution equation. The second approach is more generic and can approximate highly oscillatory and nonoscillatory initial value problems. Accordingly, the first-order initial value problem with oscillatory forcing term is transformed into highly oscillatory integral equation. The transformed symmetric oscillatory integral equation is then evaluated numerically by the Levin collocation method. Finally, the nonlinear form of the initial value problems with an oscillatory forcing term is converted into a linear form using Bernoulli’s transformation. The resulting linear oscillatory problem is then computed by the Levin method. Results of the proposed methods are more reliable and accurate than some state-of-the-art methods such as asymptotic method, etc. The improved results are shown in the numerical section.
“Fiddling with Threads”: Craft-based Textile Activities and Positive Well-being

Abstract Craft-based textile activities such as knitting, crochet, tatting, and lace making have provided challenges, physical and mental stimulation, creative outlets, and social interaction for generations. The role of craft and the relationship between craft and maker vary across cultures, geographic groups, and gender. However, a common thread is that craft practitioners are often emotionally invested in these activities and many continue to make through all stages of life and into old age. Given the ageing of the global population, activities that can be carried out by people with reduced mobility and increasing physical or mental limitations as a result of ageing, and which can promote healthy ageing and positive well-being, are now becoming increasingly important. Existing research has established a link between creativity and health and well-being. But, it is only recently that multidisciplinary research involving arts and crafts, social science, and medical and health scholars and practitioners has begun to show the importance of activities, such as craft textiles, for positive well-being. The relationship between craft activities, creative engagement, mental and physical stimulation, social interaction, self-esteem, and, therefore, positive well-being has been insufficiently explored. This article reports findings of a study of lace makers at the Lace Study Centre at the Powerhouse Museum, Sydney, Australia, that examined how craft activities contribute to well-being in a variety of ways. This research, which focused on female practitioners, found that craft-based textile activities and associated social practices provide insights into the individual and societal importance of “everyday creativity” for promoting positive well-being and general good health.
An Experimental Investigation of the Three-Dimensional Flow Within Large Scale Turbine Cascades

A detailed experimental investigation of the three-dimensional subsonic flow was carried out in a typical nozzle and impulse configuration of plane turbine cascades with a chord length 0.5 m. Flow parameters were measured within the passage and behind the cascade using a five-hole probe. Pressure distribution measurements and flow visualization were made on blade surfaces and side walls. Flow measurements were taken in endwall and airfoil boundary layers for both types of cascades. The influence of the aspect ratio, the inlet side wall boundary layer and the position of traversing planes on aerodynamic characteristics and losses is discussed.Copyright © 1986 by ASME
Exploring Airbnb Host Wellbeing and Host-Guest Conflicts in Network Hospitality

Despite a plethora of studies examining hosting experiences of Airbnb guests, the wellbeing of hosts has received limited attention. Drawing on both top-down and bottom-up theories of wellbeing, we explore the different ways in which Airbnb enhances or diminishes host wellbeing using a multidimensional lens (material, relational and subjective wellbeing). Data is collected from in-depth interviews with twenty-two Airbnb hosts. We also identify tensions and conflicts in the host-guest relationship using the three interactional hospitality domains of commercial, social and private. Through a deductive process, we find that participating in Airbnb both enhances and diminishes the material, relational and subjective aspects of wellbeing for hosts. Inductively, we find that a lack of territorial boundaries in shared accommodation contribute to conflicts that reduce wellbeing. This exemplifies a tension that exists in the private-commercial domain of network hospitality provision. We provide implications for peer-to-peer accommodation providers on developing the managerial skills of hosts, and helping hosts set realistic expectations around hosting to reduce the conflicts and tensions that arise from the intersectionality of the various Airbnb hospitality domains in such a way that the wellbeing of hosts is enhanced.
Fostering Teachers’ Multicultural Competence for Chinese Ethnic Minority Education: An Analysis of Teacher Education Programmes, Syllabuses and Teacher Educator Perceptions

The multicultural characteristics of students belonging to ethnic minorities in China pose challenges for teachers. Teacher competence in dealing with culturally diverse students has been extensively discussed in international scholarship and referenced by Chinese researchers, but there is limited empirical research on how teacher education programmes in China respond to this challenge and theoretical discussions. Based on content analysis on teacher education programmes and syllabuses, as well as expert interviews with four teacher educators at two teacher education institutions, this study investigates how the cultivation of multicultural competence is incorporated into teacher education programmes, and the external forces that shape it. Drawing on international scholarship on teachers’ multicultural competence and Cochran-Smith’s framework on external forces influencing multicultural teacher education practices, I argue that the cultivation of teachers’ multicultural competence for their future work in ethnic minority education is, to a great extent, missing from teacher education programmes. Furthermore, what pre-service teachers’ competence covers, and the external forces that influence how teacher education plays out in practice, are influenced and somewhat determined by the large social, economic and political context as well as the agenda for educational reform in China.
Thwarted Belongingness Hindered Successful Aging in Chinese Older Adults: Roles of Positive Mental Health and Meaning in Life

Aging of population has brought great challenges to many regions throughout the world. It has been demonstrated that interpersonal relationship is closely related to the experiences of aging for older adults. However, it still remains unknown how and under what conditions thwarted belongingness links to successful aging. This study examined the relationship between thwarted belongingness and successful aging and tested the mediating role of positive mental health and the moderating role of meaning in life. Community-dwelling older adults (n = 339) aged 60–75 years recruited in Chongqing, China completed self-measures of thwarted belongingness, successful aging, meaning in life, and positive mental health. Correlation analyses showed that successful aging was associated with less thwarted belongingness, better positive mental health, and higher levels of meaning in life. Positive mental health was found to totally mediate the negative effect of thwarted belongingness on successful aging. Moderated mediation analyses further revealed that two components of meaning in life (present of meaning and search for meaning) attenuated the indirect effect of thwarted belongingness on successful aging via positive mental health. This study highlights the protective roles of positive mental health and meaning in life and addressed cultural aspects in the process of successful aging among Chinese older adults.
Profile of Chromosomal Alterations, Chromosomal Instability and Clonal Heterogeneity in Colombian Farmers Exposed to Pesticides

Pesticides are a group of environmental pollutants widely used in agriculture to protect crops, and their indiscriminate use has led to a growing public awareness about the health hazards associated with exposure to these substances. In fact, exposure to pesticides has been associated with an increased risk of developing diseases, including cancer. In a study previously published by us, we observed the induction of specific chromosomal alterations and, in general, the deleterious effect of pesticides on the chromosomes of five individuals exposed to pesticides. Considering the importance of our previous findings and their implications in the identification of cytogenetic biomarkers for the monitoring of exposed populations, we decided to conduct a new study with a greater number of individuals exposed to pesticides. Considering the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate the type and frequency of chromosomal alterations, chromosomal variants, the level of chromosomal instability and the clonal heterogeneity in a group of thirty-four farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides in the town of Simijacá, Colombia, and in a control group of thirty-four unexposed individuals, by using Banding Cytogenetics and Molecular Cytogenetics (Fluorescence in situ hybridization). Our results showed that farmers exposed to pesticides had significantly increased frequencies of chromosomal alterations, chromosomal variants, chromosomal instability and clonal heterogeneity when compared with controls. Our results confirm the results previously reported by us, and indicate that occupational exposure to pesticides induces not only chromosomal instability but also clonal heterogeneity in the somatic cells of people exposed to pesticides. This study constitutes, to our knowledge, the first study that reports clonal heterogeneity associated with occupational exposure to pesticides. Chromosomal instability and clonal heterogeneity, in addition to reflecting the instability of the system, could predispose cells to acquire additional instability and, therefore, to an increased risk of developing diseases.
Multimodal MRI Image Decision Fusion-Based Network for Glioma Classification

Purpose Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, with varying degrees of aggressiveness and prognosis. Accurate glioma classification is very important for treatment planning and prognosis prediction. The main purpose of this study is to design a novel effective algorithm for further improving the performance of glioma subtype classification using multimodal MRI images. Method MRI images of four modalities for 221 glioma patients were collected from Computational Precision Medicine: Radiology-Pathology 2020 challenge, including T1, T2, T1ce, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI images, to classify astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and glioblastoma. We proposed a multimodal MRI image decision fusion-based network for improving the glioma classification accuracy. First, the MRI images of each modality were input into a pre-trained tumor segmentation model to delineate the regions of tumor lesions. Then, the whole tumor regions were centrally clipped from original MRI images followed by max–min normalization. Subsequently, a deep learning-based network was designed based on a unified DenseNet structure, which extracts features through a series of dense blocks. After that, two fully connected layers were used to map the features into three glioma subtypes. During the training stage, we used the images of each modality after tumor segmentation to train the network to obtain its best accuracy on our testing set. During the inferring stage, a linear weighted module based on a decision fusion strategy was applied to assemble the predicted probabilities of the pre-trained models obtained in the training stage. Finally, the performance of our method was evaluated in terms of accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), etc. Results The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 0.878, an AUC of 0.902, a sensitivity of 0.772, a specificity of 0.930, a PPV of 0.862, an NPV of 0.949, and a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.773, which showed a significantly higher performance than existing state-of-the-art methods. Conclusion Compared with current studies, this study demonstrated the effectiveness and superiority in the overall performance of our proposed multimodal MRI image decision fusion-based network method for glioma subtype classification, which would be of enormous potential value in clinical practice.
Marine Natural Products: A Promising Source of Environmentally Friendly Antifouling Agents for the Maritime Industries

Biofouling in the marine environment refers to an unwanted build-up of marine organisms on subsea surfaces including harbor docks, hulls of ships and offshore installations. The first stage of marine fouling occurs as a microbial biofilm which forms via the aggregation of bacterial, algal, and fungal cells. This biofilm provides a favorable substrate for the larval settlement of larger organisms such as mussels, barnacles and hard corals which accumulate to uncontrollable extents, causing issues for the maritime industries. Since the ban of tributyltin (TBT) in 2008 by the International Maritime Organisation, alternative antifouling agents have been used such as algaecides and copper-based coatings. Recent studies are showing that these can accumulate in the marine environment and have toxic effects against non-target species. Marine microbes and invertebrates are known to be prolific producers of bioactive molecules, including antifouling active compounds. These compounds are often produced by marine organisms as a means of chemical defense to deter predators and prevent fouling of their own surfaces, making them a promising source of new antifouling agents. This article discusses the effects of biofouling on the maritime industries, the environmental dangers of currently used antifouling compounds and why natural products from marine organisms could be a source of environmentally friendly antifouling agents.
Linking Multi-Layer Dynamical GCN With Style-Based Recalibration CNN for EEG-Based Emotion Recognition

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based emotion computing has become one of the research hotspots of human-computer interaction (HCI). However, it is difficult to effectively learn the interactions between brain regions in emotional states by using traditional convolutional neural networks because there is information transmission between neurons, which constitutes the brain network structure. In this paper, we proposed a novel model combining graph convolutional network and convolutional neural network, namely MDGCN-SRCNN, aiming to fully extract features of channel connectivity in different receptive fields and deep layer abstract features to distinguish different emotions. Particularly, we add style-based recalibration module to CNN to extract deep layer features, which can better select features that are highly related to emotion. We conducted two individual experiments on SEED data set and SEED-IV data set, respectively, and the experiments proved the effectiveness of MDGCN-SRCNN model. The recognition accuracy on SEED and SEED-IV is 95.08 and 85.52%, respectively. Our model has better performance than other state-of-art methods. In addition, by visualizing the distribution of different layers features, we prove that the combination of shallow layer and deep layer features can effectively improve the recognition performance. Finally, we verified the important brain regions and the connection relationships between channels for emotion generation by analyzing the connection weights between channels after model learning.
Characterizing Emotion Recognition and Theory of Mind Performance Profiles in Unaffected Siblings of Autistic Children

Emotion recognition skills and the ability to understand the mental states of others are crucial for normal social functioning. Conversely, delays and impairments in these processes can have a profound impact on capability to engage in, maintain, and effectively regulate social interactions. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the performance of 42 autistic children (Mage = 8.25 years, SD = 2.22), 45 unaffected siblings (Mage = 8.65 years, SD = 2.40), and 41 typically developing (TD) controls (Mage = 8.56 years, SD = 2.35) on the Affect Recognition (AR) and Theory of Mind (TOM) subtests of the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment Battery. There were no significant differences between siblings and TD controls. Autistic children showed significantly poorer performance on AR when compared to TD controls and on TOM when compared to both TD controls and unaffected siblings. An additional comparison of ASD, unaffected sibling and TD control subsamples, matched on full-scale IQ, revealed no group differences for either AR or TOM. AR and TOM processes have received less research attention in siblings of autistic children and remain less well characterized. Therefore, despite limitations, findings reported here contribute to our growing understanding of AR and TOM abilities in siblings of autistic children and highlight important future research directions.
Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Beef Quality—A Review

The flavor, quality, and composition of beef changes with the cattle diet regimen. The quality of meat varies, and that variability is determined by both individual and environmental factors: age, breed, live weight, fatness degree, plane of nutrition, and concentrate/roughage ratio. The strategy for the rearing and feeding of cattle for slaughter should therefore aim at reducing the saturated fatty acid content and increasing the polyunsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid levels. Many diseases in humans, like atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, are associated with dietary fat, and their development process could take a year, the results of which can be a shorter life and its lower quality. The objective of this review was to describe the factors affecting the meat quality and fatty acid profile of the intramuscular fat of European cattle fed various diets.
CTLA-4 Facilitates DNA Damage–Induced Apoptosis by Interacting With PP2A

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) plays a pivotal role in regulating immune responses. It accumulates in intracellular compartments, translocates to the cell surface, and is rapidly internalized. However, the cytoplasmic function of CTLA-4 remains largely unknown. Here, we describe the role of CTLA-4 as an immunomodulator in the DNA damage response to genotoxic stress. Using isogenic models of murine T cells with either sufficient or deficient CTLA-4 expression and performing a variety of assays, including cell apoptosis, cell cycle, comet, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence staining analyses, we show that CTLA-4 activates ataxia–telangiectasia mutated (ATM) by binding to the ATM inhibitor protein phosphatase 2A into the cytoplasm of T cells following transient treatment with zeocin, exacerbating the DNA damage response and inducing apoptosis. These findings provide new insights into how T cells maintain their immune function under high-stress conditions, which is clinically important for patients with tumors undergoing immunotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy.
Diagnoses of Antarctic Inland Water Cycle Regime: Perspectives From Atmospheric Water Vapor Isotope Observations Along the Transect From Zhongshan Station to Dome A

Water stable isotopes are crucial for paleoclimate reconstruction and water cycle tracing in Antarctica. Accurate measurement of atmospheric water vapor isotopic composition of hydrogen and oxygen is required urgently for understanding the processes controlling the atmosphere–snow interaction and associated isotope fractionation. This study presents in situ real-time measurements of water vapor isotopes along the transect from Zhongshan Station to Dome Argus (hereafter Dome A) in East Antarctica for the first time. The results reveal that the surface vapor stable isotopes of δ18O and δ D showed a gradual decreasing trend in the interior plateau region with the distance away from the coast, with significant δ18O-temperature correlation gradient of 1.61‰°/C and δ18O-altitude gradient of –2.13‰/100 m. Meanwhile, d-excess gradually arises with elevation rise. Moreover, the spatial variation of vapor isotopic composition displays three different characters implying different atmosphere circulation backgrounds controlling the inland water cycle; it can be divided as the coastal steep area below 2,000 m, a vast inland area with an elevation varied between 2,000 and 3,000 m, and high central plateau. Thirdly, observed high inland Antarctica water vapor d-excess quantitatively confirms stratosphere air intrusion and vapor derived from low latitudes by Brewer–Dobson circulation. Finally, the diurnal cycle signals of interior area water vapor isotopes δ18O, δ D, and air temperature highlighted the substantial domination of the supersaturation sublimation/condensation effect in inland, and this suggests that fractionation occurs during sublimation and vapor–snow exchanges should no longer be considered insignificant for the isotopic composition of near-surface snow in Antarctica.
Effects of a 6 Week Yoga Intervention on Executive Functioning in Women Screening Positive for Adult ADHD: A Pilot Study

Purpose Little is known about the effects of yoga training in adults with ADHD symptoms. This pilot study sought to determine the feasibility and selected psychological effects of 6 weeks of yoga training in women screening positive for adult ADHD compared to a wait-list control group. Methods A randomized trial was conducted with 32 adult women (18–24 years) who volunteered after screening positive for adult ADHD as assessed by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Participants were randomized to 6 weeks of Bikram yoga training or to a wait-list control group. The yoga intervention consisted of two 90-min classes per week. Multilevel models were used to test hypothesized interactions of yoga-induced improvements compared to controls across time (baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks). The primary outcomes assessed inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and working memory using the NIH Toolbox. Separate models with trait mindfulness, trait anxiety and expectations for change in either attention or working memory as covariates tested whether these variables mediated the changes in the three measures of executive function. Secondary outcomes included mood, perceived functional impairment and motivation for, and hyperactivity during, the cognitive tests. Results No adverse events were observed. Attendance averaged 91.7% among the 69% of the sample that did not dropout. No significant Group X Time interactions were found for any of the psychological outcomes and the null executive function findings were unchanged when including the covariates. Conclusion Six-weeks of yoga training twice per week is potentially feasible for women experiencing ADHD symptoms, but an exercise stimulus of this duration and magnitude yields no beneficial cognitive or mood outcomes.