Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional observational study of lipid profile of cirrhosis of liver patients in a teaching hospital in North Odisha, India

Background: Lipids are essential component of biological membranes: also a part of free molecules and metabolic regulators which control cellular function and homeostasis in the body. Liver plays a central role in lipid metabolism. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification includes serum lipid profile. In the general population; global prevalence of cirrhosis from autopsy studies ranges from 4.5% to 9.5%. Deaths from cirrhosis have been estimated to increase and would make it as the 12th leading cause of death in 2020. Although several studies have been conducted on dyslipidemia in cirrhotics in developed countries, there is a paucity of data in this regard in India. Methods: This observational study was carried out amongst 60 cirrhosis patients that fulfils the inclusion and exclusion criteria and attended the medicine OPD and admitted in medicine ward of Pandit Raghunath Murmu Medical College and Hospital, Baripada, Dist. Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India from June 2018 to Jan 2019. Results: In our study we had 52 were male and 8 were female. The average age of the patients in the study was 49.62±13.59 yrs. 91.67 % of the patients were alcoholic. Abdominal distension (93.33%) and ascites (81.67%) were most common presenting complaints. Pallor was present in 65.00% cases. Splenomegaly was present in 29 (48.33%) patients of cirrhosis of liver. Renal dysfunction was present in 22 (36.67%) cases. We found decreased HDLC (<40 mg/ Dl) in 34 (56.67%) cases. Hypolipidemia, in particular decreased HDLC level is also an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and vascular events. Conclusions: From this study we can conclude that lipid abnormalities are commonly seen in patients with liver cirrhosis and screening for the same is important for intervention with appropriate therapy to prevent cardiovascular events. Further studies on lipid abnormalities in these patients and the need for treatment are recommended.
Veias do sistema porta-hepático em gansos domésticos

The intraparenchymal distribution of the hepatic portal veins in 30 domestic geese were studied. Stained Neoprene latex was injected into the isquiatic vessels, and the animals were fixed in 10% formaldehyde by immersion and intramuscular injection. The liver of geese was composed of a large right and a smaller left hepatic lobe, connected by a parenchyma bridge. The right hepatic lobe had vessels exclusively from the hepatic portal system composed by intraparenchymal distribution of the right hepatic portal vein, while the vessels of the left hepatic lobe came from the right hepatic portal vein and from small left hepatic portal veins. The right hepatic portal vein emitted the right caudal branch, which emitted a small right caudolateral branch and a large right caudomedial branch. Cranially this vein emitted right cranial and right lateral branches. The tranverse portion of the right hepatic portal vein crossed to the left hepatic lobe, emitting 1 to 6 small cranial and caudal branches to the medial area of the liver. In the left hepatic lobe, the left branch from the right hepatic vein emitted the left cranial, left lateral and left median branches. One to six left hepatic portal veins were identified arising from the left branch or from the transverse portion of the right hepatic portal vein. These vessels arose from the gizzard and pro-ventricle. In 40% of geese one proper hepatic portal vein originated from venous vessels of the gizzard and was distributed into the caudal extremity of the left hepatic isolated lobe.
Effect of shuttle breeding with rapid generation advancement on heading traits of Japanese wheat

1) Okinawa Subtropical Station, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1091-1 Maezato-Kawarabaru, Ishigaki, Okinawa 907-0002, Japan 2) Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan 3) National Agricultural Research Center for the Western Region, 6-12-1 Nishifukatsu, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 721-8514, Japan 4) National Agricultural Research Center for the Hokkaido Region, Shinsei, Memuro, Hokkaido 082-0071, Japan 5) Hokkaido Prefectural Kitami Agricultural Experiment Station, 52 Yayoi, Kunneppu, Hokkaido 099-1496, Japan 6) Present address: National Agricultural Research Center for the Hokkaido Region, Shinsei, Memuro, Hokkaido 082-0071, Japan
Prevalence and determinants of visual impairment amongst school-aged children in Southern Nigeria

Background: Visual impairment among school children is relatively common and research provides evidence for integration of comprehensive eye care into school health programmes. Aim: To determine the prevalence and determinants of visual impairment in school-aged children in Southern Nigeria. Setting: School aged children from 10 public and private-owned schools in Cross River State, Southern Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study used a multistage random sampling technique to select 2418 school children aged 6–17 years. Comprehensive eye examinations were performed on the study. The logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to test hypotheses. Results: Of the 2418 school children selected, 2110 (87%) were assessed. The prevalence ‘of uncorrected, presenting and best corrected visual acuity of 0.3 (20/40) or worse in the better eye’ was 7.3%, 7.2% and 0.19%, respectively. Errors of refraction were the cause of the impairment in 198 (70.7%; 63.5–76.0) eyes with reduced vision, followed by glaucoma suspects 38 (19.2%; 13.8–24.8), amblyopia (3.0%; 1.1–6.4) and corneal opacity 3 (1.5%; 0.3–4.3). The major and independent predictors of visual impairment were age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.97, 95% 1.45–2.67), high socio-economic status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.68, 95% 1.36–2.09) and female gender (AOR 1.35, 95% 1.00–1.88). Conclusion: The common causes of visual impairment in school-aged children are avoidable, and are mostly because of uncorrected refractive error, which could reflect inadequate refractive error services in the area.
REGENERATION IN THE HYDROZOA

1. This article reviews the present state of knowledge on regeneration in the Hydrozoa and some of the problems related to it. The available data derived from descriptive and experimental studies are confined to only a few genera (Hydra, Tubularia, Cordylophora, Corymorpha, Campanularia, Pennaria). Without enumerating all possible types of regeneration, a number of the most significant cases are examined from various points of view.
Primary Dormancy and Seedling Emergence of Black Nightshade (Solanum nigrum) and Hairy Nightshade (Solanum physalifolium)

Abstract Variation in primary dormancy among populations of black nightshade and hairy nightshade collected on two dates was investigated. In addition, emergence characteristics of both species were studied during 2 yr with several populations and soil disturbance regimes. Results revealed a variation in the level of primary dormancy among populations and collection dates in black nightshade. However, fresh seeds of hairy nightshade showed no or negligible germinability, indicating a deeper level of dormancy. Emergence was higher in black nightshade than in hairy nightshade in both years, but with significant differences among populations. In addition, various categories regarding the soil temperature requirements for seedling emergence were found within seed batches. This enables the species to extend their emergence timing and therefore escape from climatic extremes or weed control operations. This information can be used to improve weed management strategies by timing weed control measures to larger seedling flushes. Nomenclature: Black nightshade, Solanum nigrum L. , SOLNI; hairy nightshade, Solanum physalifolium Rusby, SOLSA.
FLORAE MALESIANAE PRECURSORES XXI NOTES ON MALAYSIAN AND SOME S.E. ASIAN CYPERACEAE VII2

Although Clarke saw the type of Scirpus erectus Poir. in the Paris Herbarium he misapplied the name to a quite different species occurring in Madagascar, S. and E. Asia, and tropical Australia. Herein he was followed by Ridley, Merrill, Backer, and others. It has now generally been accepted that the correct name of this species is Scirpus juncoides Roxb. and that the name Scirpus erectus Poir. does not belong to its synonymy. After having examined the type of S. erectus I am convinced that the question was admirably cleared up by Chermezon (see Arch. Bot. 4, 1931, 26, and also in Humbert, Fl. Madag., fam. 29, 1937, 149). Scirpus erectus is much nearer to the European S. supinus L. than to S. juncoides Roxb. It differs from S. supinus by the larger spikelets, the larger, more distinctly mucronate glumes, the bristly appendage of the connective, the bifid style, and the larger, biconvex, only faintly wavyridged, elliptic or suborbicular nuts. It is an African species extending from the Mediterranean region through tropical Africa to Madagascar and Mauritius. There can be no doubt that Isolepis uninodis Delile is conspecific with Scirpus erectus Poir. Delile’s description is very accurate: “epis cylindriques, ovoides-lanceoles . ecailles ovales, aigues . deux stigmates . graine lenticulaire, transversalement rugueux vers les bords. ” The differences with Scirpus supinus are clearly indicated: “ses graines [du S. supinus] sont ovoides-cuneiformes, trigones, ridees transversalement sur toute leur surface; ses styles sont trifides. ” Moreover, Delile’s excellent figure leaves no doubt whatever on the identity of his species.
Características quantitativas da carcaça de cordeiros deslanados Morada Nova em função da relação volumoso:concentrado na dieta

Eighteen lambs averaging initial body weight (BW) of 15 kg were allotted to six groups of three animals (one lamb per diet) and were fed diets with following forage:concentrate ratios (F:C): 1) 40F:60C; 2) 55F:45C; or 3) 70F:30C. Lambs of each group were slaughtered when the animal fed the diet with the highest concentrate level reached 25 kg of BW. Animals were slaughtered after 16 h of fasting (feed and water). After obtaining the slaughter body weight (SBW), animals were anesthetized by electric discharge and killed by bleeding of the carotid arteries and jugular veins. Blood was then collected and weigthed. Soon after evisceration, skin, head and extremities of the fore and rear members were removed. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) was emptied, weighted and the value added to that of blood to obtain the empty body weight (EBW), which was calculated by subtracting SBW from GIT + blood weights. The carcasses were weighted and stored at 4°C within a 24-hours period. The empty body (EBW), hot carcass (HCW) and cold carcass weights (CCW) were all used to calculate the biological (BY), hot carcass (HCY) and cold carcass yields (CCY) as well as the weight loss by cooling process (CWL). The carcass was divided in five cuts (leg, loin, ribs, shoulder clod and neck) that were weighted for calculation of cut yields. The leg was dissected in muscle, bone and fat, and weights of these tissues were expressed in absolute weight and in percentage of leg weight. The muscle:bone and muscle:fat ratios, index of leg muscularity (ILM) and the loin eye area (LEA) were also calculated. Increasing dietary concentrate from 30 to 60% increased not only hot and cold carcass yields but also biological yield. The increasing levels of concentrate in the diet showed no effect on the percentage of leg muscle. However, it was observed an increase in both fat deposition and rib eye area.
It is Good to be Eaten by a Bear: Effects of Ingestion on Seed Germination

Abstract Fruits and their seeds are ingested by many carnivores, but few studies have quantified the effect of ingestion by carnivorous consumers on seed germination. Here, we examine effects of bear frugivory on the germination of three fruit-producing species. Specifically, we compare germination of gut-passed seeds to that of seeds mechanically-extracted from fruits and seeds that remained within fruits. For all species, germination in the mechanically-extracted and gut-passed treatments exceeded that of the whole fruit treatment. Our results suggest that for these three species, passage through the digestive tract of a bear positively influences germination by removing seeds from pulp, but that gut-passage per se does not increase germination success.
Photostimulation of seed germination during soil tillage

SUMMARY We conducted intensively replicated field experiments in the Willamette Valley. Oregon, USA, in order to study the role of light in triggering seed germination during soil tillage. We found that the normal practice of cultivating agricultural land during daytime can increase germination of buried seed populations between 70 and 400 above the levels recorded following nighttime cultivations. Experimental reduction of the irradiance under the tillage implements during daytime cultivation decreases the number of dicotyledonous seedlings emerged. while strong artificial illumination (>300μmol m−2 s−1; 400–800nm) of the soil surface under the implements during nighttime tillage significantly increases seedling densities. These results suggest that the enhancement of seed germination caused by daytime tillage, compared with nighttime tillage, is due to light that penetrates into the soil during the actual disturbance. The detection by the seeds of this very short exposure to sunlight requires a high photosensitivity. which provides an adaptive‘purpose’for the evolution of the very-low-fluence response mechanism in phytochrome-controlled seed germination. Seedling emergence induced by nighttime control tillage was considerable in some experiments. suggesting that light perceived by seeds after cultivation or other microenvironmental factors affected by tillage may be important in triggering germination in disturbed soil.
Dynamics of the Gibraltar Arc System: A Complex Interaction Between Plate Convergence, Slab Pull, and Mantle Flow

In typical subduction systems, plate convergence is subperpendicular to the trench. The Gibraltar Arc System is exceptional, with its narrow subduction arc oriented N‐S and laterally “squeezed” by the NNW‐SSE tectonic convergence between Nubia and Iberia. The extent to which the slab is still coupled to the surface and how it interacts actively with the surrounding mantle is a matter of ongoing debate. Here, we analyze new densely spaced GPS data, together with crustal and mantle observations, to better understand the slab kinematics, plate dynamics, and mantle flow. In light of previous and current research, we find that subduction below the Gibraltar Arc is currently in the middle of a disruption process, with parts of it already detached and others yet coupled to the surface. In particular, the slab seems to be detached to the north of the Gibraltar Strait, with a small portion still attached to the surface or in the process of detaching below the western Betics. South of Gibraltar, the slab is still coupled to the overriding plate, although the subduction seems to be very slow or stopped. Flow of mantle material around the detached portions of the slab causes most of the surface uplift and a positive residual topography anomaly. Our findings show that the interplay between slab dynamics, mantle flow, and plate convergence explains much of the observed residual topography, surface motion, seismicity, and mantle structure.
QUALITY CHANGES IN ICE‐STORED TROPICAL WIRE‐NETTING REEF COD (EPINEPHELUS MERRA)

The sensory, bacteriological and biochemical qualities of tropical wire-netting reef cod (Epinephelus merra) stored in melting ice were studied. The total bacterial load in immediately iced (II) fish was 10 6 cfu/g on the 17th day of storage. The histamine formers were 10 1 cfu/g on the initial day, whereas the total lactics was 10 1 cfu/g on the third day. The total coliforms decreased from MPN 35 to 0 per gram, while the anaerobic sulfite reducers did not exhibit any consistent trend. The fish delayed for 6 h before icing or delayed iced (DI) fish exhibited bacterial loads of 10 6 cfu/g on the third day, while the total lactics ranged from 10 1 to 10 2 cfu/g and the histamine formers ranged from 10 2 to 10 4 cfu/g. The total coliforms declined and the anaerobic sulfite reducers increased over a period of 5 days. The pH and hypoxanthine increased during the storage. Both the total volatile base nitrogen and trimethylamine nitrogen attained the maximum limit of acceptability at the end of the storage. The fatty acid content was 0.17% as oleic acid even on the 17th day in II fish. The II fish exhibited a longer shelf life (17 days) when compared to the shorter shelf life (3 days) exhibited by the DI fish.
Yield and Nutritive Value of Forage Bermudagrasses Grown Using Subsurface Drip Irrigation in the Southern High Plains

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ) for- ages are potential alternatives to traditional row cropping in the Southern High Plains. Early per- sistence of certain bermudagrass selections and economic potential and nutritive value of known, improved cultivars in semiarid West Texas are uncertain. A 2-yr study was conducted to evalu- ate hay productivity and nutritive value of 10 cultivars and two selections of bermudagrass grown with subsurface drip irrigation. Grasses were irrigated with 312 mm of water from 1 May through 31 August in 2002 and 2003. Precipita- tion amounts during the growing season (May- September) were 195 and 184 mm for 2002 and 2003, respectively. 'Tifton 85' yielded the highest total annual biomass (20.4 Mg ha −1 ) and resulted in high irrigation water use effi ciency (IWUE; 65.2 kg ha −1 mm −1 ). 'World Feeder' and 'Macho' performed poorly with respect to yield when compared with the other 10 grasses. Although Tifton 85 exhibited high acid detergent fi ber (ADF; 349 g kg −1 ) and low total nonstruc- tural carbohydrates (TNC; 93 g kg −1 ), in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) was greatest (622 g kg −1 ) when contrasted with the mean of all other cultivars. Yields were similar for sprigged and seeded types. Results indicate that several bermudagrass cultivars maintained high yields and adequate nutrition 2 yr after establishment and, based on IWUE, may be an economically sound alternative to the existing cotton (Gossy- pium hirsutum L.) monoculture in the region.
Exploitation of Wood Waste of Pinus spp for Briquette Production: A Case Study in the Community of San Francisco Pichátaro, Michoacán, Mexico

This study describes the exploitation of wood waste (Pinus spp.) in the form of sawdust and shavings generated during the production of furniture and artisanal items in a community in the state of Michoacán, western Mexico. A process is described to densifying this raw material, to produce solid-type biofuel briquettes that can be used to satisfy the need to generate low-power heat for residential sectors. Briquette production involved six stages: (a) gathering samples of sawdust and shavings from artisanal workshops in the community; (b) proximal characterization of the samples; (c) elaborating the briquettes; (d) physicochemical characterization of the briquettes; (e) evaluation of the physical-thermal combustion of the briquettes; and (f) an economic evaluation of briquette production to determine viability. Finally, we performed a comparative analysis of the energy, economic, and environmental indicators of the briquettes produced and conventional pine and oak firewood (Pinus spp., Quercus spp.) in the study community. The results show the viability of using biomass residues to make briquettes, which are efficient, economic and easy to make and use.
Species richness and community predictability in coral reef fish faunas

Etude critique de l'indice de similarite utilise par Gladfelter et coll. (ibid., 61, 1156-1168) et modifie d'apres la formule de Schoener (ibid., 49, 704-726). Application aux poissons d'Enewetak et St Croix (distribution de frequence des categories d'abondance)
On the use of the Weibull distribution in modeling and describing diameter distributions of clonal eucalypt stands

Weibull distributions have been widely used to describe tree stem diameter distributions. However, there is a scarcity of studies that suggest the best Weibull formulation. The parameters of the Weibull distribution are usually predicted by either the parameter prediction method (PPM) or the parameter recovery method (PRM), although other methods have been proposed. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of eight Weibull formulations and compare methods of parameter prediction to describe diameter distributions of clonal eucalypt stands in Brazil. Data originated from remeasurements of 56 plots at ages 3, 5, and 6 years. Weibull distributions were fitted using the maximum likelihood method and evaluated in a goodness-of-fit indicators ranking. The right-truncated two-parameter formulation showed the best results and was used to evaluate the methods of parameter prediction. Stand attributes showed a strong relationship with shape and scale parameters. Regression models were developed and resulted in accurate estimates using PPM. PRM used a growth and yield system to estimate the stand attributes, followed by the moment-based method. The modified cumulative distribution function regression (CDFR) approach was also evaluated, and it presented the poorest results. Although the PPM showed excellent results, PRM is recommended in older stands with inventory because it implicitly promotes compatibility among stand attributes.
Morphological, Physicochemical and Structural Characteristics of Oxidized Barley and Corn Starches

Barley starch was oxidized to different levels and the morphological, physicochemical and structural of the resultant oxidized barley starch were determined and compared with oxidized corn starch at the same oxidation level. The amylose content in oxidized starches decreased with increasing oxidation level, and the extent of decrease was similar for both starch types. No evidences of alteration in morphology and X-ray diffraction pattern were noted after oxidation. The crystallinity of barley starch increased with increasing oxidation but corn starch displayed a reduced crystallinity at 5% NaOCI. The onset and peak gelatinization temperatures of oxidized starches as measured by differential scanning calorimetry showed a slight increase up to 3% NaOCI and then decreased at 5% NaOCI, whereas gelatinization enthalpy gradually decreased with increasing oxidation level. The melting temperature of retrograded oxidized starches increased with increasing oxidation. Both amylose and amylopectin were degraded during oxidation, but a higher degradation in both components as determined by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) was noted for barley starch than for corn starch. Results of amylopectin chain-length distribution showed that the proportions of A and B1 chains significantly increased while that of B2+ chains significantly decreased. These results suggest that differences in the structure of barley and corn starches affected their responses to oxidation. Barley starch seemed to be more susceptible to oxidation with more significant reduction in pasting temperature, viscosity, and molecular size than corn starch.
The Responses of Stomatal Density to CO2 Partial Pressure

The work reported here aims at a closer simulation of altitude, by testing the sensitivity of stomatal density to changes in CO 2 partial pressure, at a fixed mole fraction. The possibility that plants growing at different altitudes and, therefore, CO 2 partial pressures, may differ genetically in their stomatal response to CO 2 , is also investigated