Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Severity of Pain in Prostate Biopsy Depends on the Biopsy Sector

BACKGROUND: The pain experienced by a patient during a prostate fusion biopsy is cumulative and can also be modulated by many factors. The aim of the study was to assess the association between the degree of pain intensity during prostate biopsy and the region of the biopted organ. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included a group of 143 patients who underwent prostate fusion biopsy under local analgesia followed by blockage of the periprostatic nerve. After a biopsy, the patients completed the original questionnaire about the pain experienced during the procedure. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in pain score between cores taken in the apex (median 5 (IQR 2–5)), medium level (median 1 (IQR 1–2)), and prostate base (median 1 (IQR 1–3)) (p < 0.001). The malignancy scale ISUP ≥ 2 (p = 0.038) and lower PSA value (r = −0.17; p = 0.046) are associated with higher pain during procedure. Biopsy time was correlated with discomfort (r = 0.19; p = 0.04). Age (p = 0.65), lesion size (p = 0.29), PI-RADS score (p = 0.86), prostate volume (p = 0.22), and the number of cores (p = 0.56) did not correspond to the pain scale. CONCLUSIONS: The apex is the most sensitive sector of the prostate. ISUP ≥ 2 and patients with low PSA levels more often indicated higher values on the pain rating scale.
Perception of herbs use in treating diabetes among patients attending specialized polyclinics of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah

Objective: Diabetes mellitus represents a major burden globally and locally. Some diabetic patients may resort to the use of herbal medicine as another approach to control their blood glucose levels. This study aims to assess the prevalence and the perception of diabetic patients toward the usage of herbs in treating diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a specialized polyclinic of the primary health care center in the National Guard hospital located in Jeddah. The questionnaire was interviewer-administered and a total of 196 diabetic patients were interviewed. Results: Of 196 patients interviewed, most (59.7%) have used herbs to treat diabetes. Cinnamon, garlic, fenugreek, and moringa were the most common herbs used by diabetic patients. Many herbal users (49.9%) reported that herbs can play a role in decreasing blood glucose levels and (48%) of herbal users prefer the use of herbs over conventional medicine in treating diabetes. Most diabetic patients (37.3%) gained their knowledge about herbs through media and the experiences of other diabetic patients and we found that the reason to use herbs the majority was to reap the benefits of the herbs (48.7%) or because of herbs on controlling diabetes and reducing diabetic complications (30.7%). Conclusion: This study concluded that herbs are commonly used among diabetic patients and the majority of patients perceive herbs as a cofactor in controlling diabetes.
The Back Muscle Surface Electromyography-Based Fatigue Index: A Digital Biomarker of Human Neuromuscular Aging?

As part of our quest for digital biomarkers of neuromuscular aging, and encouraged by recent findings in healthy volunteers, this study investigated if the instantaneous median frequency (IMDF) derived from back muscle surface electromyographic (SEMG) data monitored during cyclic back extensions could reliably differentiate between younger and older individuals with cLBP. A total of 243 persons with cLBP participated in three experimental sessions: at baseline, one to two days after the first session, and then again approximately six weeks later. During each session, the study participants performed a series of three isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) of back extensors using a dynamometer. These were followed by an isometric back extension at 80% MVC, and—after a break—25 slow cyclic back extensions at 50% MVC. SEMG data were recorded bilaterally at L5 (multifidus), L2 (longissimus dorsi), and L1 (iliocostalis lumborum). Linear mixed-effects models found the IMDF-SEMG time-course changes more rapidly in younger than in older individuals, and more prominently in male participants. The absolute and relative reliabilities of the SEMG time–frequency representations were well compared between older and younger participants. The results indicated an overall good relative reliability, but variable absolute reliability levels. IMDF-SEMG estimates derived from cyclic back extensions proved to be successful in reliably detecting differences in back muscle function in younger vs. older persons with cLBP. These findings encourage further research, with a focus on assessing whether an IMDF-SEMG-based index could be utilized as a tool to achieve the preclinical detection of back muscle aging, and possibly predict the development of back muscle sarcopenia.
Effects of the Replacement of Dietary Fish Meal with Poultry By-Product Meal on Growth and Intestinal Health of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Simple Summary Fish meal is widely used in aquaculture feed due to its high protein content, balanced amino acid composition, and low anti-nutritional factors. However, with the development of intensive aquaculture, fish meal resources are in short supply and prices are rising. In order to ensure the sustainable development of aquaculture, it is very important to find a low-cost, high-quality protein source to replace fish meal. In this study, substituting fish meal of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) diets with poultry by-product meal was carried out. The results showed that replacing fish meal with 15% poultry by-product meal had no adverse effect on the growth of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis), and the 10% poultry by-product meal was beneficial to the growth performance, immunity, and digestive ability. Therefore, it is feasible to use poultry by-product meal as a protein source to replace fish meal in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) feed. Abstract To investigate the effect of poultry by-product meal (PBM) replacing fish meal on the growth and intestinal health of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). Four experimental diets were prepared. Fish meal was replaced by 0 (control group, PBM0), 5% (PBM5), 10% (PBM10), and 15% (PBM15) PBM. Compared to the control group, final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate were significantly increased, while feed conversion rate decreased significantly in the PBM10 group (p < 0.05). The PBM15 group significantly increased the moisture content and significantly decreased the ash content of the turtles (p < 0.05). The PBM5 and PBM15 groups significantly decreased the whole-body crude lipid (p < 0.05). The serum glucose content increased significantly in the PBM10 group (p < 0.05). The liver malonaldehyde content significantly decreased in the PBM5 group and in the PBM10 group (p < 0.05). Liver glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and intestinal pepsin activity were increased significantly in the PBM15 group (p < 0.05). The expression of the intestinal interleukin 10 (IL-10) gene was significantly down-regulated in the PBM10 group and the PBM15 group (p < 0.05), the expression of the intestinal interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and liver toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) genes were significantly up-regulated in the PBM5 group (p < 0.05). In summary, poultry by-product meal can be used as a protein source to replace fish meal in turtle feed. Based on quadratic regression analysis, the optimal replacement ratio is 7.39%.
Dimension, entropy and Lyapunov exponents

Abstract We consider diffeomorphisms of surfaces leaving invariant an ergodic Borel probability measure μ. Define HD (μ) to be the infimum of Hausdorff dimension of sets having full μ-measure. We prove a formula relating HD (μ) to the entropy and Lyapunov exponents of the map. Other classical notions of fractional dimension such as capacity and Rényi dimension are discussed. They are shown to be equal to Hausdorff dimension in the present context.
General Probability-matched Relations between Radar Reflectivity and Rain Rate

Abstract A method of deriving the relation between radar-observed reflectivities Ze and gauge-measured rain intensity, R is presented. It is based on matching the probabilities of the two variables. The observed reflectivity is often very different from the true reflectivity near the surface due to the averaging of the real reflectivity field aloft by the beam, path attenuation, and variations in the drop-size distribution (DSD) between the pulse volume and the surface. The probability-matching method (PMM) inherently accounts for all of these differences on average. The formulation of the Ze − R functions is constrained such that 1) the radar-retrieved probability density function (PDF) of R is identical to the gauge-measured PDF, and 2) the traction of the time that it is raining is identical for both the radar and for simultaneous, collocated gauge measurements. This ensures that the rain measured by the radar is equal to that observed at the gauges. The resultant Ze − R functions are not constrained t.
Perturbing an electromagnetic induced transparency within an inhomogeneously broadened transition

This paper reports on the effect a perturbing field on an electromagnetically induced transparency. The studies involve inhomogeneously broadened spin transitions of a nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond and it is observed that the transparency is unaffected, destroyed or split depending on how the perturbing field is coupled to the system. The observations are explained in terms of doubly driven inhomogeneously broadened 4-level systems.
Westward extension of North Pacific subtropical high in summer

The basic features of the North Pacific subtropical anticyclone in summer are studied using the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis data for the period (1979-1993). It has been shown that the North Pacific subtropical high displays substantial interannual variability at its western edge. Further analysis indicates a significant relationship between the zonal variation of the subtropical high, and the variation in the intensity of atmospheric convection over the warm pool. The stronger (weaker) convection over the warm pool is associated with more eastward (westward) position of the western Pacific subtropical high. The UK Universities’ Global Atmospheric Modelling Programme General Circulation Model (UGAMP GCM) is used to examine the influence of the local SST anomalies, and the associated anomalous convection over the tropical western Pacific warm pool on the zonal displacement of the North Pacific subtropical high. The model results show that the suppressed atmospheric convection caused by lower SSTs in the warm pool results in anomalous anticyclonic circulation in lower level over the subtropical western Pacific, and westward extension of the subtropical high. The results are consistent with the composite results based on the reanalysis data, and imply the SST anomalies off-equator over the western Pacific play an important role in the zonal shift of the North Pacific subtropical high in summer. Despite the fact of good agreements in many aspects between the model simulations and composite analyses based on observation, there are some differences between the two especially in terms of upper-level extratropical circulation anomalies over East Asia.
Crack Front Propagation and Fracture in a Graphite Sheet: A Molecular-Dynamics Study on Parallel Computers

Crack propagation in a graphite sheet is investigated with million atom molecular-dynamics simulations based on Brenner{close_quote}s reactive empirical bond-order potential. For certain crystalline orientations, multiple crack branches with nearly equal spacing sprout as the crack tip reaches a critical speed of 0.6V{sub R}, where V{sub R} is the Rayleigh wave speed. This results in a fracture surface with secondary branches and overhangs. Within the same branch the crack-front profile is characterized by a roughness exponent, {alpha}=0.41{plus_minus}0.05. However, for interbranch fracture surface profiles the return probability yields {alpha}=0.71{plus_minus}0.10. Fracture toughness is estimated from Griffith analysis and local-stress distributions. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Cation trivalent tune of crystalline structure and magnetic properties in coprecipitated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

CoFe2O4, CoBi0.1Fe1. 9O4, CoLa0.1Fe1. 9O4, and CoAl0.1Fe1. 9O4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the coprecipitation method. After annealing at 700 °C for 5 h, the x-ray Diffractometer results confirm that a single phase of cobalt ferrite-based nanoparticles is obtained, which is suitable for ICDD 22-1086. The addition of Bi3+, La3+ and Al3+ ions to the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles modified the crystallite size and lattice constant. Trivalent metal cation substitution tunes the crystallite size which has also been confirmed by measuring the grains with Scanning Electron Microscope images. In the Far Transform Infra-Red curve, the addition of metal ions (Bi3+, La3+, and Al3+) to cobalt ferrite nanoparticles resulted in absorption peaks at the tetrahedral and octahedral sites without any additional absorption peaks. The VSM results showed that saturation magnetization decreased drastically in the presence of trivalent non-magnetic cations, which confirms the replacement of Fe3+ by trivalent non-magnetic cations. The kOe order of the coercive field was obtained in this experiment. The largest coercive field of the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles was obtained with the addition of La3+ ions, i.e. 3.67 kOe suggest to support both Jahn-Teller effect and strain-induced magnetism.
Planning Horizon Procedures for Machine Replacement Models with Several Possible Replacement Alternatives

This paper develops a forward algorithm and planning horizon procedures for an important machine replacement model where it is assumed that the technological environment is improving over time and that the machine-in-use can be replaced by any of the several different kinds of machines available at that time. The set of replacement alternatives may include (i) new machines with different types of technologies such as labor- and capital- intensive, (ii) used machines, (iii) repairs and/or improvements which affect the performance characteristics of the existing machine, and so forth. The forward dynamic programming algorithm in the paper can be used to solve a finite horizon problem. The planning horizon results give a procedure to identify the forecast horizon T such that the optimal replacement decision for the first machine based on the forecast of machine technology until period T remains optimal for any problem with horizon longer than T and, for that matter, for the infinite horizon problem. A flow chart and a numerical example have been included to illustrate the algorithm.
A Redshift Survey of IRAS Galaxies. II. Methods for Determining Self-consistent Velocity and Density Fields

Methods are presented for deriving the density field and the resulting linear-theory velocity field from an all-sky redshift survey of IRAS galaxies. The luminosity function of IRAS galaxies is measured using a maximum-likelihood technique independent of density inhomogeneities. Within its range of validity, it is found to be in excellent agreement with previously published luminosity functions. Self-consistent solutions for the true spatial positions of the IRAS galaxies are found, given their redshifts and peculiar velocities. The ambiguity inherent in triple-valued regions is overcome either by sufficient smoothing, or by using prior information from peculiar velocity maps obtained independently. 57 refs.
Pengembangan Buku Cerita Bergambar Konsep Keliling dan Luas Daerah Persegi Panjang untuk Siswa Kelas IV SD

Pelajaran Matematika bertujuan untuk membekali siswa dalam membantu memecahkan masalah kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu aspek untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan dan pemahaman materi Matematika adalah aspek intelektualitas, sehingga siswa memerlukan sumber belajar yang dapat memudahkannya menerima materi. Oleh karena itu, penting sekali penyediaan bahan bacaan untuk memudahkan siswa menerima materi, menarik perhatian dan memotivasi siswa untuk belajar. Namun, berdasarkan studi pendahuluan di SD Negeri Karsanagara, penggunaan bahan bacaan berupa buku cerita bergambar sebagai sumber belajar masih kurang maksimal, begitupun ketersediaan buku cerita bergambar pembelajaran Matematika khususnya materi geometri belum banyak dikembangkan, guru hanya mengandalkan buku paket saja sebagai sumber belajar bahkan tidak diberikan contoh konkret dari bangun datar. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengembangkan buku cerita bergambar pada pokok bahasan keliling dan luas daerah persegi panjang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan identifikasi kebutuhan awal pengembangan buku cerita bergambar di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar, mendeskripsikan rancangan buku cerita bergambar, mendeskripsikan implementasi buku cerita bergambar dan mendeskripsikan produk akhir buku cerita bergambar. Produk penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk kegiatan belajar mengajar di sekolah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Design Based Research (DBR). Tahapan DBR meliputi tahap identifikasi dan analisis masalah untuk kebutuhan awal pengembangan, merancang produk buku cerita bergambar, melakukan uji coba buku cerita bergambar, dan menghasilkan produk akhir buku cerita bergambar setelah dilakukannya refleksi produk. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli dan uji coba yang disertai perbaikan dari data responden, sebagian besar aspek kelayakan telah memenuhi kriteria baik, sehingga buku cerita bergambar layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
Sequence Reconstruction Under Single-Burst-Insertion/Deletion/Edit Channel

Motivated by applications in modern storage devices such as DNA storage and racetrack memories, we study the sequence reconstruction problem which involves two important issues. One is determining the maximum intersection size between two error balls. The other is designing reconstruction codes in which each transmitted sequence can be reconstructed from a given number of noisy reads with redundancy as small as possible. In this paper, we focus on channels that introduce single-burst-insertion/deletion error. We fully determine the maximum intersection size between two burst-insertion/deletion balls for both fixed-length and variable-length models. Then we characterize a pair of sequences when their burst-insertion/deletion balls have intersection of a certain size. Using these characterizations, we design reconstruction codes for all values $N$ of the number of noisy reads and analyze their lower bounds. In addition, we extend our results to the burst-edit channel.
Physiological and Transcriptomic Evaluation of Drought Effect on Own-Rooted and Grafted Grapevine Rootstock (1103P and 101-14MGt)

Grapevines worldwide are grafted onto Vitis spp. rootstocks in order to improve their tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, the response of vines to drought is the result of the interaction between the scion variety and the rootstock genotype. In this work, the responses of genotypes to drought were evaluated on 1103P and 101-14MGt plants, own-rooted and grafted with Cabernet Sauvignon, in three different water deficit conditions (80, 50, and 20% soil water content, SWC). Gas exchange parameters, stem water potential, root and leaf ABA content, and root and leaf transcriptomic response were investigated. Under well-watered conditions, gas exchange and stem water potential were mainly affected by the grafting condition, whereas under sever water deficit they were affected by the rootstock genotype. Under severe stress conditions (20% SWC), 1103P showed an “avoidance” behavior. It reduced stomatal conductance, inhibited photosynthesis, increased ABA content in the roots, and closed the stomata. The 101-14MGt maintained a high photosynthetic rate, limiting the reduction of soil water potential. This behavior results in a “tolerance” strategy. An analysis of the transcriptome showed that most of the differentially expressed genes were detected at 20% SWC, and more significantly in roots than in leaves. A core set of genes has been highlighted on the roots as being related to the root response to drought that are not affected by genotype nor grafting. Genes specifically regulated by grafting and genes specifically regulated by genotype under drought conditions have been identified as well. The 1103P, more than the 101-14MGt, regulated a high number of genes in both own-rooted and grafted conditions. This different regulation revealed that 1103P rootstock readily perceived the water scarcity and rapidly faced the stress, in agreement with its avoidance strategy.
Metacognitive Feelings as a Source of Information for the Creative Process: A Conceptual Exploration

Philosophers and psychologists have debated the wisdom of using feelings as a source of information when making decisions. While not trying to solve this debate, a complementary approach is to examine how metacognitive feelings are used when generating, evaluating, and selecting ideas to solve creative problems and whether their use leads to accurate idea evaluation and selection. Hence, this conceptual article aims to explore how metacognitive feelings are used to evaluate and select creative ideas. Interestingly, while metacognitive feelings come from the perceived ease or difficulty of generating solutions to creative problems, these feelings also inform the decision to continue generating ideas or stop. Metacognitive feelings are then an integral part of the creative process of generating, evaluating, and selecting ideas. The present article briefly reviews the history of metacognitive feelings as examined in metamemory, meta-reasoning, and judgment formation in social psychology, before discussing their implications and potential for understanding the creative process. The article ends by positing directions for future research.
Overcoming Barriers to Wound Healing in a Neuropathic and Neuro-Ischaemic Diabetic Foot Cohort Using a Novel Bilayer Biodegradable Synthetic Matrix

Diabetes-related foot ulceration presents an increasing risk of lower limb amputation globally, driving the search for new treatment technologies. Our single-centre prospective observational study reports on the impact of bilayer biodegradable synthetic matrix technology (NovoSorb® BTM) on the healing and amputation rates of a diabetic foot ulceration cohort. Consecutive patients with a diabetes-related foot ulceration treated with NovoSorb BTM, between December 2019 and October 2021, were followed for 12 months. Complete wound healing and amputation outcomes were observed. Amputation risk was stratified using the Wound, Ischaemia and foot Infection (WIfI) classification system. Study outcomes were compared with recently published meta-analysis data to evaluate the impact of the synthetic matrix. In total, 25 NovoSorb BTM applications to 23 wounds in 22 patients were observed. Complete wound healing was observed in 15 of the wounds, 3 retained chronic wounds, 3 required minor amputation and 2 required major limb amputation. Further, 12-month WIfI amputation risk analysis saw 18 patients stratified to WIfI stage 4, 4 to WIfI stage 3 and 1 to WIfI stage 1. Our observed 12-month major amputation rates were 11.1% (n = 2) for stage 4 and 0% for stages 3 and 1. Our early experience suggests that NovoSorb BTM is a safe and effective treatment for moderate to severe diabetes-related foot ulceration. While larger-scale data are required, NovoSorb BTM may represent a promising new addition to the armamentarium of clinicians, who strive to achieve limb salvage in this complex cohort of patients.