Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Color Developed during Carbonization of Grilled Fish by Kinetics and Computer Imaging

Samples of red sea bream (Pagrus major) were grilled under far-infrared radiation heating. The last step of grilling, namely, carbonization, was analyzed. The temperature and color CIE L*a*b* at the center of the fish surface were measured during the entire grilling process. The color that developed during the carbonization was analyzed using a kinetic model based on the reduction rate of L* values and a computer vision system (CVS). Empirical equations for estimating a* and b* values were deduced based on the calculated L* values. During the carbonization step, the L* values of the surfaces decreased slowly. The L* values appeared to reach a constant value, the magnitude of which depends on the surface temperature. The color distribution across the entire surface during the grilling process was effectively estimated using the CVS. The effect of surface temperature on carbonization was analyzed by the CVS and successfully visualized using a two-dimensional simulation model.
Epileptic EEG Classification Using Synchrosqueezing Transform with Machine and Deep Learning Techniques

Epilepsy is a neurological disease that is very common worldwide. In the literature, patient’s electroencephalography (EEG) signals are frequently used for an epilepsy diagnosis. However, the success of epileptic examination procedures from quantitative EEG signals is limited. In this paper, a high-resolution time-frequency (TF) representation called Synchrosqueezed Transform (SST) is used to classify epileptic EEG signals. The SST matrices of seizure and pre-seizure EEG data of 16 epilepsy patients are calculated. Two approaches based on machine learning and deep learning are proposed to classify pre-seizure and seizure signals. In the machine learning-based approach, the various features like higher-order joint moments are calculated and these features are classified by Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) and Naive Bayes (NB) classifiers. In the deep learning-based approach, the SST matrix was recorded as an image and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based architecture was used to classify these images. Simulation results demonstrate that both approaches achieved promising validation accuracy rates. While the maximum (90.2%) validation accuracy is achieved for the machine learning-based approach, (90.3%) validation accuracy is achieved for the deep learning-based approach.
ENTREPRENEURIAL FEATURES AND FIRM SURVIVAL: A STUDY OF SELECTED SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN IKENNE-REMO, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

igeria's economic situation remains sluggish due to drought of entrepreneurs. Globally entrepreneurs are proven Ncatalysts of economic growth and their person-factors have ripple-effects on firms' survival. Local observations and international literature consulted indicate that entrepreneurial features affect survival of SMEs. This empirical study leveraged on this information to examine effect of entrepreneurial features on survival of SMEs within Ikenne-Remo in Ogun State through primary data collection. The researchers collected data by administering validated and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to 90 randomly selected entrepreneurs in Ikenne-Remo, Ogun state, who had first-hand experience in setting up small businesses. Simple regression equations were developed and analyses conducted. It was found that there were higher positive significant associations between innovativeness and firm survival with r = 0.85, R2 =0.715, Adjusted R2= 0.360, p< 0.05 and a slightly significant relationship between firm survival and other entrepreneurial features. The paper recommended that entrepreneurs need to adopt pro-active and innovative measures for the survival of their business. Authors:
Micro tangent sets of continuous functions

Motivated by the concept of tangent measures and by H. Fürstenberg’s deﬁnition of microsets of a compact set A we introduce micro tangent sets and central micro tangent sets of continuous functions. It turns out that the typical continuous function has a rich (universal) micro tangent set structure at many points. The Brownian motion, on the other hand, with probability one does not have graph like, or central graph like micro tangent sets at all. Finally we show that at almost all points Takagi’s function is graph like, and Weierstrass’s nowhere diﬀerentiable function is central graph like.
Fuel for Working Memory: The Same Resource for Consolidation and Refreshing?

Working memory (WM) allows us to temporarily hold on to and manipulate information for ongoing cognition. WM consolidation is the process of transferring sensory information into WM. Refreshing is a recently proposed maintenance mechanism that is assumed to prevent forgetting by bringing the contents of WM into the focus of attention. Refreshing an item increases its accessibility, observable in reduced reaction times. Evidently, both consolidation and refreshing require attention. However, there is a lack of research on the interplay between consolidation and refreshing. The overall goal of the current investigation was to test whether consolidation interferes with people’s ability to refresh WM representations. In the first experiment, we demonstrated the feasibility of a simplified version of the instructedrefreshing paradigm by Vergauwe and Langerock (2017). This methodological verification was crucial for the implementation of this paradigm as part of the dual-task paradigm in the second experiment. In the second experiment, we investigated whether consolidation and refreshing utilize the same or separate resources. Critically, we manipulated whether refreshing had to be done during or after consolidation of a picture. A decreased refresh benefit should be observed during consolidation, compared to after consolidation, if both processes require the same resource, whereas no performance decrement should be evident if separate resources are used. Unfortunately, we could not properly probe the two competing hypotheses because no comparison of refresh benefits during and after consolidation was legitimate, since we did not observe a refresh benefit after consolidation. Nevertheless, we provide suggestions for methodological improvements that could be seized in future experiments.
BALANCE, AND ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE

The burgeoning literature on academic entrepreneurship primarily incorporates macrolevel ideas and tools from fields such as economics, sociology, strategy, and public policy. Most of this research focuses on institutional, economic, and demographic variables from a macro perspective, rather than examining micro processes that may be associated with academic entrepreneurship. The literature also tends to stress formal, as opposed to informal, mechanisms of academic entrepreneurship. We assert that a consideration of variousmicro-level processes is also useful for improving our understanding of academic entrepreneurship.We draw heavily on the organizational behavior literature to consider how micro processes, specifically processes associated with identity, motivation, leadership/championing, education, work-life balance, and organizational justice, may help explain scientists’ engagement in academic entrepreneurship. We present some preliminary qualitative findings that support this perspective.
Nontoxic Carbon Dots Potently Inhibit Human Insulin Fibrillation

One prevention and therapeutic strategy for diseases associated with peptide or protein fibrillation is to inhibit or delay the fibrillation process. Carbon dots (C–Dots) have recently emerged as benign nanoparticles to replace toxic quantum dots and have attracted great attention because of their unique optical properties and potential applications in biological systems. However, the effect of C-Dots on peptide or protein fibrillation has not been explored. In this in vitro study, human insulin was selected as a model to investigate the effect of C-Dots on insulin fibrillation. Water-soluble fluorescent C-Dots with sizes less than 6 nm were prepared from carbon powder and characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. These C-Dots were able to efficiently inhibit insulin fibrillation in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibiting effect of C-Dots was eve.
GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF M.26 EMLA APPLE ROOTSTOCK AS INFLUENCED BY TITANIUM FERTILIZATION

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different mode of titanium (Ti) fertilization on growth and nutrition by M.26 EMLA apple rootstock (Malus spp.) grown in three soils with diverse physical and chemical properties. Soils were taken from Warszawa, Grojec and Brzezna regions (fruit growing regions) of Poland. The experiment was carried out during 120 days in a greenhouse. The following treatments were applied: soil Ti fertilization at a rate of 2 and 4 mg Ti per plant and four- and eight-times Ti sprays at a rate of 0.5 mg Ti per plant in each spray. Titanium was applied as TiCl4. Plants unfertilized with Ti served as control. Titanium sprays increased levels of this element in leaf and stem tissues. Soil Ti applications had no effect on Ti concentrations in plant tissues except plants grown in Warszawa soil where root tissue had higher Ti status compared to those of control plants. Foliar Ti applications enhanced plant dry matter and levels of phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in leaf tissues only in Brzezna soil. Leaves of plants sprayed with Ti grown in Brzezna soil were greener and had higher concentrations of Fe2+ and chlorophyll than those of control plants. These results suggest that the primary reason for higher biomass in plants sprayed with Ti was higher leaf Fe2+ level, which enhanced chlorophyll synthesis and uptake of P, Fe, Mn, and Zn.
DCASE CHALLENGE 2020: UNSUPERVISED ANOMALOUS SOUND DETECTION OF MACHINERY WITH DEEP AUTOENCODERS Technical

In our work, we present an unsupervised anomalous sound detection framework trained on DCASE2020 audio dataset. This dataset is a subset of two datasets ToyADMOS and MIMII. We use the state of the art anomaly detection approach, deep autoencoder architecture trained on Mel-spectrograms. This architecture uses LSTM-RNN units to learn the normal condition of the machine, and is proven efﬁcient at detecting diverse machine anomalies. Our trained model on MIMII dataset achieves average result of 73.51% AUC and 57.90% pAUC, resulting in an improvement compared to the baseline system with the average results of 72.44% AUC and 57.48 pAUC. The average performance of the baseline system on ToyADMOS dataset is 75.65% AUC and 64% pAUC, where our model reaches to average of 73.21% AUC and 61.91% pAUC. Our system reaches overall average of 73.41% AUC and 59.27% pAUC on the development data set, with overall similar performance to the baseline system with average of 73.51% AUC and 59.66% pAUC.
Flow Separation Induced by Periodic Aerodynamic Interference

Abstract : Analysis of experimental surface pressure distributions on an NACA 0012 airfoil has revealed four flow states: attached, separated, borderline, and dynamically separated. The important parameters that determine the flow state are Reynolds number, reduced frequency, airfoil angle of attack, and surface condition at the leading edge. Testing was done at Re=700,000, . 5=k=6.4, and 0=alpha=18 degrees. For this flow the dynamically separated state takes the form of an alternation between attached and separated flow. It has a period that ranges from 1 to 30 times that of the unsteady perturbation. In the separated state a convected surface pressure disturbance was identified, and found to propagate downstream from a location near the leading edge at a phase speed of 1/3 to 1/2 that of the freestream velocity.
Evaluation of related news recommendations using document similarity methods

A set of related articles is a useful addition to the newly published news. Such news articles contain more context and background information and provide a richer experience to the reader. Currently, the work of ﬁnding related articles is often done manually by the journalists writing the news story. The process can be automatized by suggesting relevant articles based on the similarity with the new article. We compare several link recommendation methods on the news archive of popular Croatian website 24sata. Our results show that the tf-idf weighting applied to bag-of-words document representation offers better matching with manually selected links by journalist than more sophisticated approaches, such as latent semantic indexing, doc2vec, and multilingual contextual embeddings BERT and XLM-R.
Callusing and Regeneration Potential of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes Towards the Development for Salt Tolerance

The response to tissue culture of mature seeds of rice from three genotypes-PSB Rc28, PSB Rc58, and LX278--was studied to identify which genotype could be used as source of explants for future genetic transformation endeavors in improving rice yield on saline soil. Callusing ability, structure of the callus, and regeneration capability were used as bases in determining suitability. Results showed that while the three genotypes were all capable of forming calli, PSB Rc28 and PSB Rc58 were not able to sustain growth and generally differentiated roots (55.3%) or became necrotic (76.9%), respectively. LX278 was the most amenable to tissue culture, forming 78.8% of embryogenic calli. When half of this was transferred in regeneration medium, 69.8% regenerated plantlets. Among the plantlets, 48.9% developed by somatic embryogenesis and 51.1% by organogenesis. Thus, LX278 will be used as source of explant for genetic manipulation.
Repulsive forces of simple molecules and mixtures at high density and temperature

Shock wave data for liquid Ar, Xe, N2, O2, CO2, CH4, and CO have been used to test the possibility that the repulsive pair potential of these fluids scale in accordance with the ’’Law of Corresponding States. ’’ This is found to be approximately valid to a compression of about 2.5 times liquid density. The law has been applied to compressed mixtures of N2 and O2 and a theoretical prediction of the detonation velocity and pressure of liquid NO is found to be in excellent agreement with experiment.
Market Discipline in Italian Bank Bond Issues: Do Investors Price Liquidity, Funding, and Asset Risk?

The global financial crisis has clearly increased concerns about bank liquidity, funding, and asset quality, especially among European peripheral countries. These issues have prompted regulators to introduce new standards and guidelines aimed at strengthening bank soundness, improving risk management and reinforcing transparency of bank risk-taking activities. Using country-specific accounting data and bond spreads over the 2007 to mid-2014 period, we test investors’ ability to timely recognize and price bank liquidity and funding risk, as defined by Basel III, together with bank asset risk, measured through forwardand backward-looking indicators of loan risk. Our analysis focuses on the 15 largest Italian banks because in the notes to the accounts, they provide a unique insight to compute our bank risk variables. Regression estimates show strong sensitivity of bond spreads to liquidity, whereas funding risk does not seem to play a role. Interestingly, investors’ perspective on asset quality takes both a backwardand forward-looking focus. Our results provide two main contributions to the market discipline literature. First, we extend the relatively scarce studies examining market discipline in adverse market conditions, thus increasing regulators’ knowledge on its complementary role in disciplining banks and on the necessary policy interventions to enhance it. Second, we introduce novel indicators on banks’ risk profile, shedding light on investors’ ability to account for characteristics other than easy-to-observe ones.
Nigella sativa protects Kidneys against Metabolic disorders induced by high fat diet in Rats

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 2 Department of Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 3 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Branch of Sulaymaniyah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Neuroscience Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 5 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 6 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt. 7 Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
Deep reinforcement learning control of flow over rotary oscillating cylinder at low Reynolds number

We apply deep reinforcement learning to active closed-loop control of a twodimensional flow over a cylinder oscillating around its axis with a time-dependent angular velocity representing the only control parameter. Experimenting with the angular velocity, the neural network is able to devise a control strategy based on low frequency harmonic oscillations with some additional modulations to stabilize the Kármán vortex street at low Reynolds number Re = 100 leading to the drag reduction of 14%. The additional efforts are very low as the maximum amplitude of the angular velocity does not exceed 10% of the incoming flow. A detailed comparison with a flow controlled by harmonic oscillations with one frequency and a fixed amplitude are presented highlighting the necessity of a feedback loop.
Influence of water solubility of granular zinc fertilizers on plant uptake and growth

Abstract Zinc (Zn) fertilizer application has increased during the past three decades. This increase has created the need for more information regarding the availability and agronomic effectiveness of Zn containing fertilizers because differences of opinions exist relating the relationships between Zn water solubility and plant availability. Plant availability of eight commercialized Zn fertilizer materials having different water solubilities was measured under greenhouse conditions. Corn (Zea mays L.) plants were grown for 40 days in a soil (loamy, mixed, mesic arenic Ustollic Haplargid) amended with lime to two pH's: 6.3 and 7.4. To evaluate the effect of pH, some Zn fertilizers were used at both soil pH levels while all Zn fertilizers were used in the pH 7.4 soil. The experimental design was a factorial combination of pH, Zn fertilizers, and Zn rates of 0,2.1,4.2,8.4 mg Zn kg−1 soil. Dry matter production and Zn uptake increased significantly when the soil pH decreased from 7.4 to 6.3. The highest dry .
Herbicide transport on wind-eroded sediment

Although wind erosion is a pervasive soil degradation problem on the semiarid Canadian prairies, few studies have been conducted on wind-eroded sediment as an environmental pathway for herbicide transport. An experiment was conducted on a clay loam soil at Lethbridge, AB, in 1993 to 1994, to examine wind-eroded sediment as a transport mechanism for two soil-incorporated [trifluralin (2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-trifluoromethylaniline) and triallate (S-2,3,3-trichloroallyl diisopropylthiocarbamate)] and four surface-applied herbicides [diclofop [(±)-2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid], bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile), mecoprop {(±)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid), and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)]. The concentrations of diclofop and bromoxynil in sediments decreased with increasing capture height, with the 100-cm height having significantly lower concentrations (diclofop, 627 μg kg -1 ; bromoxynil, 70 μg kg -1 ) than the 10-cm height (didofop, 1132 μg kg -1 ; bromoxynil, 231 μg kg -1 ). This implies that these herbicides were primarily associated with larger soil particles captured closer to the soil surface. For the soil-incorporated herbicides, concentrations were significantly higher in the surface soil (0-2.5 cm) than in the wind-eroded sediment, whereas concentrations of surface-applied herbicides were generally higher in wind-eroded sediment than in surface soil. Overall wind erosion losses (expressed as a percent of amount applied) of the two soil-incorporated herbicides (1.5%) were about three times lower than those of the four surface-applied herbicides (average loss, 45%). The results demonstrate the potential hazard of environmental transport of herbicides on wind-eroded sediment and its associated implications for off-site air and water quality.
Sensory and chemical characteristics of trans-resveratrol-fortified wine

Background and Aims: trans-Resveratrol (tR) is a grape-derived polyphenolic that is believed to confer considerable health benefits to humans. Its concentration in wine, however, is highly variable, and thus direct fortification of wine with tR has been proposed to create a high-value, health-promoting wine product. This study determines the sensory and chemical characteristics of tR fortified white and red wine. Methods and Results: Riesling and Cabernet Sauvignon wines were enriched with 20 mg/L and 200 mg/L tR. Basic chemical and sensory indicators of wine quality, trans- and cis-resveratrol concentrations, and antioxidant capacity were assessed at bottling and at 6, 18, 31, 44 and 58 weeks post-bottling. tR concentrations in bottled wine remained relatively stable throughout the 58-week period of this study. In addition, tR-enriched wines had a significantly higher antioxidant capacity compared with control wine, and Cabernet Sauvignon fortified at both tR concentrations had greater colour intensity. Basic chemical indicators of wine quality were not affected by tR fortification, and sensory changes were minimal, with higher bitterness intensity in Riesling fortified at 200 mg/L tR the most consistent finding. Conclusions: tR is relatively stable in wine during bottle aging, and tR enrichment up to 200 mg/L results in minimal change to wine quality, particularly with red wine. Significance of Study: This is the first study to investigate the chemical and sensory characteristics of tR-enriched wines. Results indicate that these products may have considerable potential for the functional food market.
Effect of evaporation temperature on the quality of colloidal crystals at the water-air interface

Three-dimensional assemblies of 230 nm polystyrene (PS) colloidal particles were prepared on the suspension surface by evaporating the water in which the particles were suspended. The assembled colloidal particles were then transferred from the water surface onto a glass substrate by simple evaporation and sedimentation. In this study, we analyzed the structures of the colloidal assemblies formed at evaporation temperatures of 30, 40, 60, and 90 °C. At 30 °C, the rate of particle sedimentation is faster than the rate of crystallization on the water surface. Consequently, the PS particles randomly stack on the glass substrate before forming nuclei on the water surface. At higher evaporation temperatures, on the other hand, the rate of crystallization on the water surface exceeds the sedimentation rate, leading to an improvement in the quality of the resulting colloidal crystal. However, crystalline quality diminishes at evaporation temperatures greater than 60 °C because the high crystal growth rate leads .