Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating local agricultural gross domestic product (AgGDP) across the world

Abstract. Economic statistics are frequently produced at an administrative level such as the subnational division. However, these measures may lack sufficient local variation for effective analysis of local economic development patterns and exposure to natural hazards. Agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) is a critical indicator for measurement of the primary sector, on which more than 2.5 billion people depend for their livelihoods, and it provides a key source of income for the entire household (FAO, 2021). Through a data-fusion method based on cross-entropy optimization, this paper disaggregates national and subnational administrative statistics of agricultural GDP into a global gridded dataset at approximately 10×10 km for the year 2010 using satellite-derived indicators of the components that make up agricultural GDP, i.e., crop, livestock, fishery, hunting and forestry production. To illustrate the use of the new dataset, the paper estimates the exposure of areas with at least one extreme drought during 2000 to 2009 to agricultural GDP, which amounts to around USD 432 billion of agricultural GDP circa 2010, with nearly 1.2 billion people living in those areas. The data are available on the World Bank Development Data Hub (https://doi.org/10.57966/0j71-8d56; IFPRI and World Bank, 2022).
Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Systems for Low-Voltage and High-Current Electric Mobility Applications: Review and Design Example

Along with the technology boom regarding electric vehicles such as lithium-ion batteries, electric motors, and plug-in charging systems, inductive power transfer (IPT) systems have gained more attention from academia and industry in recent years. This article presents a review of the state-of-the-art development of IPT systems, with a focus on low-voltage and high-current electric mobility applications. The fundamental theory, compensation topologies, magnetic coupling structures, power electronic architectures, and control methods are discussed and further considered in terms of several aspects, including efficiency, coil misalignments, and output regulation capability. A 3D finite element software (Ansys Maxwell) is used to validate the magnetic coupler performance. In addition, a 2.5 kW 400/48 V IPT system is proposed to address the challenges of low-voltage and high-current wireless charging systems. In this design, an asymmetrical double-sided LCC compensation topology and a passive current balancing method are proposed to provide excellent current sharing capability in the dual-receiver structures under both resonant component mismatch and misalignment conditions. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is verified by MATLAB/PSIM simulation results.
A Negative Binomial Regression Model for Accuracy Tests

Rasch used a Poisson model to analyze errors and speed in reading tests. An important property of the Poisson distribution is that the mean and variance are equal. However, in social science research, it is very common for the variance to be greater than the mean (i.e., the data are overdispersed). This study embeds the Rasch model within an overdispersion framework and proposes new estimation methods. The parameters in the proposed model can be estimated using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method implemented in WinBUGS and the marginal maximum likelihood method implemented in SAS. An empirical example based on models generated by the results of empirical data, which are fitted and discussed, is examined.
Analysis and Recognition of Voluntary Facial Expression Mimicry Based on Depressed Patients

Many clinical studies have shown that facial expression recognition and cognitive function are impaired in depressed patients. Different from spontaneous facial expression mimicry (SFEM), 164 subjects (82 in a case group and 82 in a control group) participated in our voluntary facial expression mimicry (VFEM) experiment using expressions of neutrality, anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise. Our research is as follows. First, we collected a large amount of subject data for VFEM. Second, we extracted the geometric features of subject facial expression images for VFEM and used Spearman correlation analysis, a random forest, and logistic regression-based recursive feature elimination (LR-RFE) to perform feature selection. The features selected revealed the difference between the case group and the control group. Third, we combined geometric features with the original images and improved the advanced deep learning facial expression recognition (FER) algorithms in different systems. We propose the E-ViT and E-ResNet based on VFEM. The accuracies and F1 scores were higher than those of the baseline models, respectively. Our research proved that it is effective to use feature selection to screen geometric features and combine them with a deep learning model for depression facial expression recognition.
Validating IASI Temperature and Moisture Sounding Retrievals over East Asia Using Radiosonde Observations

AbstractTemperature and moisture profiles retrieved from Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) data are evaluated using collocated radiosonde data from September 2008 to August 2009 over East Asia. The level-2 products used in this study were provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service. By using radiosonde observations as a reference, the bias and root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the temperature and water vapor profiles are obtained to examine the performance of the IASI retrievals depending on surface types and the degree of atmospheric moisture. Overall, retrievals over the land or under drier atmospheric conditions show degraded performance for both the temperature and the moisture, especially for the boundary layer temperature. It is further shown that the vertical distributions of the RMSEs and the biases of the IASI retrievals resemble the variability pattern of the radiosonde observations from the mean.
Neutral hydrogen in Seyfert galaxies

Donnees d'observations de l'hydrogene neutre dans 91 galaxies de Seyfert ou proches du type Seyfert; la plupart ont des deplacements vers le rouge inferieur a 12 000 kms −1 . L'emission HI a ete detectee dans 39 galaxies, l'absorption HI dans 2. Pour la majorite des galaxies de Seyfert, le rapport de la masse d'hydrogene a la luminosite bleue ne differe pas des valeurs prevues pour une galaxie normale de meme type morphologique. Il y a toutefois sept cas de galaxies de Seyfert tres riches en gaz avec M H /L B >0,4
Discontinuous and Dilatant Viscosity Behavior in Concentrated Suspensions. I. Observation of a Flow Instability

The rheological dilatancy of concentrated suspensions has been studied to determine the cause of this phenomenon. If monodisperse suspensions of polymeric resins are examined, dilatant viscosity behavior is transformed into a discontinuous viscosity behavior when the volume fraction of solids is raised above 0.50. Experimental evidence is presented which supports the hypothesis that the discontinuity is caused by a flow instability in which surfaces of spheres, packed in a two dimensional hexagonal packing at low shear rates, break up into less ordered arrays of spheres. Although various techniques have been used, white light diffraction from a suspension under shear provides the most dramatic evidence of the ordered packing of the spheres and the order‐disorder transition at the instability point.
“Commenting” on Animal Cruelty: A Content Analysis of Social Media Discourse on Animal Law Enforcement in Australia

ABSTRACT Animal welfare legislation in Australia is influenced by “community expectations. ” Given a major source of publicly available information on animal welfare law is that from media articles, it is likely the information discussed online could be influencing public opinion and consequently shaping animal welfare legislation reform efforts. This study examined the social media discourse in response to news articles on animal welfare law in Australia. A content analysis was applied to Facebook comments from posts originating from a formal news agency discussing animal cruelty and penalties over a 6-month period between 1 June 2019 to 1 December 2019. All posts were screened against eligibility criteria and imported into NVivo for inductive coding. A total of 24 Facebook posts with an accumulative 1,723 comments were coded and thematically analyzed. Six primary themes were generated from the analysis: (1) failure of the court system; (2) failure of the legislation; (3) failure of the government; (4) emotive reactions; (5) risk of violence; and (6) mistrust in the media. The social media discourse was scathing of the legal system, with a particular focus on failings of the animal welfare law justice system. It is likely that this type of discourse surrounding animal law enforcement could be playing an influential role over the “expectations” influencing animal welfare legislation reform in Australia.
Metformin Treatment Reduces the Incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomized Study

Several studies have shown that rheumatologic patients can benefit from metformin, but it remains unclear whether metformin treatment is causally associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between metformin treatment and the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis. The genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10−8) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with metformin use were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). Summary statistics on RA were extracted from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was used as the determinant of the causal effects of metformin treatment on RA. Cochran’s Q was used to detect heterogeneity. Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test and MR-Egger regression were used to detect horizontal pleiotropy. A total of 34 SNPs significantly associated with metformin treatment were obtained. Thirty-two SNPs were selected as IVs after removing two SNPs for being palindromic with intermediate allele frequencies (rs11658063 and rs4930011). The IVW results showed a negative causal association between metformin treatment and RA (OR = 0.0232, 95% CI 1.6046 × 10−3 − 0.3368; p = 0.006). Meanwhile, no heterogeneity or pleiotropy was detected, indicating that the results were reliable. This study indicated a negative causality between metformin treatment and RA, indicating that the treatment of metformin can prevent the pathogenesis of RA.
Asymptotic speed of propagation of wave fronts in a lattice delay differential equation with global interaction

In this paper, we derive a lattice model for a single species in a one-dimensional patchy environment with infinite number of patches connected locally by diffusion. Under the assumption that the death and diffusion rates of the mature population are age independent, we show that the dynamics of the mature population is governed by a lattice delay differential equation with global interactions. We study the well-posedness of the initial-value problem and obtain the existence of monotone travelling waves for wave speeds c > c * . We show that the minimal wave speed c * is also the asymptotic speed of propagation, which depends on the maturation period and the diffusion rate of mature population monotonically.
The Interactive Effects of Parental Mediation Strategies in Preventing Cyberbullying on Social Media

Purpose Applying the parental mediation theory, this study investigates the main effects and interactive effects of three parental social media strategies, ie, active mediation, restrictive mediation, and non-intrusive inspection, on cyberbullying among teenagers. A matched child-parent survey was conducted with 642 secondary-school students aged 13–18 and their parents in China. Results The results showed that active mediation was negatively associated with both cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. Restrictive mediation was not significantly associated with cyberbullying. Non-intrusive inspection was positively associated with cyberbullying perpetration but not associated with cyberbullying victimization. Moreover, the two-way interaction between active and restrictive mediation as well as the three-way interaction between the three parental mediation strategies significantly affected cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Specifically, the combination of high-level active mediation and non-intrusive inspection with low-level restrictive mediation was the most effective strategy for preventing cyberbullying. Conclusion This finding significantly contributes to the parental mediation literature and provide theoretical guidelines for parental intervention to prevent cyberbullying among teenager.
Accuracy of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring—Single Centre Observational Study and Literature Review

Intracranial hypertension and adequacy of brain blood flow are primary concerns following traumatic brain injury. Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is a critical diagnostic tool in neurocritical care. However, all ICP sensors, irrespective of design, are subject to systematic and random measurement inaccuracies that can affect patient care if overlooked or disregarded. The wide choice of sensors available to surgeons raises questions about performance and suitability for treatment. This observational study offers a critical review of the clinical and experimental assessment of ICP sensor accuracy and comments on the relationship between actual clinical performance, bench testing, and manufacturer specifications. Critically, on this basis, the study offers guidelines for the selection of ICP monitoring technologies, an important clinical decision. To complement this, a literature review on important ICP monitoring considerations was included. This study utilises illustrative clinical and laboratory material from 1200 TBI patients (collected from 1992 to 2019) to present several important points regarding the accuracy of in vivo implementation of contemporary ICP transducers. In addition, a thorough literature search was performed, with sources dating from 1960 to 2021. Sources considered to be relevant matched the keywords: “intraparenchymal ICP sensors”, “fiberoptic ICP sensors”, “piezoelectric strain gauge sensors”, “external ventricular drains”, “CSF reference pressure”, “ICP zero drift”, and “ICP measurement accuracy”. Based on single centre observations and the 76 sources reviewed in this paper, this material reports an overall anticipated measurement accuracy for intraparenchymal transducers of around ± 6.0 mm Hg with an average zero drift of <2.0 mm Hg. Precise ICP monitoring is a key tenet of neurocritical care, and accounting for zero drift is vital. Intraparenchymal piezoelectric strain gauge sensors are commonly implanted to monitor ICP. Laboratory bench testing results can differ from in vivo observations, revealing the shortcomings of current ICP sensors.
A computer vision approach for analyzing label free leukocyte trafficking dynamics on a microvascular mimetic

High-content imaging techniques in conjunction with in vitro microphysiological systems (MPS) allow for novel explorations of physiological phenomena with a high degree of translational relevance due to the usage of human cell lines. MPS featuring ultrathin and nanoporous silicon nitride membranes (µSiM) have been utilized in the past to facilitate high magnification phase contrast microscopy recordings of leukocyte trafficking events in a living mimetic of the human vascular microenvironment. Notably, the imaging plane can be set directly at the endothelial interface in a µSiM device, resulting in a high-resolution capture of an endothelial cell (EC) and leukocyte coculture reacting to different stimulatory conditions. The abundance of data generated from recording observations at this interface can be used to elucidate disease mechanisms related to vascular barrier dysfunction, such as sepsis. The appearance of leukocytes in these recordings is dynamic, changing in character, location and time. Consequently, conventional image processing techniques are incapable of extracting the spatiotemporal profiles and bulk statistics of numerous leukocytes responding to a disease state, necessitating labor-intensive manual processing, a significant limitation of this approach. Here we describe a machine learning pipeline that uses a semantic segmentation algorithm and classification script that, in combination, is capable of automated and label-free leukocyte trafficking analysis in a coculture mimetic. The developed computational toolset has demonstrable parity with manually tabulated datasets when characterizing leukocyte spatiotemporal behavior, is computationally efficient and capable of managing large imaging datasets in a semi-automated manner.
Global mode analysis of a pipe flow through a 1:2 axisymmetric sudden expansion

We report the results of the global mode analysis to characterize the onset of unsteadiness in a circular pipe flow through an axisymmetric sudden expansion of inlet-to-outlet diameter ratio of d/D=0.5. We find that the axisymmetric state becomes linearly unstable at a significantly higher critical Reynolds number than the one reported in previous experimental works. This unstable global mode corresponds to an oscillatory bifurcation with wavenumber |m|=1 located at the end of the recirculation region.
Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy Changes Serum Composition as Detected by Thermal Liquid Biopsy and Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Simple Summary Considering thermal liquid biopsy (TLB) as a potential secondary test after fecal immunochemical test positivity (FIT+), the aim of this work was to study possible interferences of colonoscopy bowel preparation on TLB outcome on a retrospective study. TLB parameters together with fluorescence spectra and other serum indicators (albumin and C-reactive protein) confirmed the statistically significant differences between normal colonoscopy patients with and without bowel preparation, revealing the distorting effect of bowel preparation on serum composition and discrimination of disease status. The diagnostic capability of other liquid-biopsy-based methods might also be compromised. Blood extraction after bowel preparation for colonoscopy should be avoided. Abstract (1) Background: About 50% of prescribed colonoscopies report no pathological findings. A secondary screening test after fecal immunochemical test positivity (FIT+) would be required. Considering thermal liquid biopsy (TLB) as a potential secondary test, the aim of this work was to study possible interferences of colonoscopy bowel preparation on TLB outcome on a retrospective study; (2) Methods: Three groups were studied: 1/514 FIT(+) patients enrolled in a colorectal screening program (CN and CP with normal and pathological colonoscopy, respectively), with blood samples obtained just before colonoscopy and after bowel preparation; 2/55 patients from the CN group with blood sample redrawn after only standard 8–10 h fasting and no bowel preparation (CNR); and 3/55 blood donors from the biobank considered as a healthy control group; (3) Results: The results showed that from the 514 patients undergoing colonoscopy, 247 had CN and 267 had CP. TLB parameters in these two groups were similar but different from those of the blood donors. The resampled patients (with normal colonoscopy and no bowel preparation) had similar TLB parameters to those of the blood donors. TLB parameters together with fluorescence spectra and other serum indicators (albumin and C-reactive protein) confirmed the statistically significant differences between normal colonoscopy patients with and without bowel preparation; (4) Conclusions: Bowel preparation seemed to alter serum protein levels and altered TLB parameters (different from a healthy subject). The diagnostic capability of other liquid-biopsy-based methods might also be compromised. Blood extraction after bowel preparation for colonoscopy should be avoided.
Fundamental Frequency of a Rhomboidal Plate with all Edges Clamped

Natural transverse vibrations of rhomboidal plates with all edges clamped are considered in this paper by the method which was used by Trefftz in the buckling problem of square plate. As numerical examples, fundamental frequencies of rhomboidal plates for several inner angles are calculated. Conversency of the solution becomes worse as the inner angle goes apart from 90°C, but all numerical results calculated here are considered to be within accuracy required for practical purposes, and they can be checked by experiment.
Do green practices and green image promote consumers’ participation in social network sites (SNS)?

ABSTRACT This study attempts to understand how green practices and green brand image affect trust, affective commitment, and active participation in social network sites (SNS). Using social exchange theory, social identity theory, and halo effect, the study proposes that green practices and green image will influence relational variables (trust and affective commitment) and active participation in SNS. The data collection was done from members of an online survey panel. We analyzed the data with SmartPLS 4. The study finding shows that green practices have a positive impact on green brand image. Green practices and green brand image are found to positively influence trust, affective commitment, and active participation in SNS. The study finds that affective commitment fully mediates the relationship between trust and active participation in SNS, highlighting the important role of affective commitment in spreading positive word-of-mouth.
Xenogenic Implantation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Using a Novel 3D-Printed Scaffold of PLGA and Graphene Leads to a Significant Increase in Bone Mineralization in a Rat Segmental Femoral Bone Defect

Tissue-engineering technologies have the potential to provide an effective approach to bone regeneration. Based on the published literature and data from our laboratory, two biomaterial inks containing PLGA and blended with graphene nanoparticles were fabricated. The biomaterial inks consisted of two forms of commercially available PLGA with varying ratios of LA:GA (65:35 and 75:25) and molecular weights of 30,000–107,000. Each of these forms of PLGA was blended with a form containing a 50:50 ratio of LA:GA, resulting in ratios of 50:65 and 50:75, which were subsequently mixed with a 0.05 wt% low-oxygen-functionalized derivative of graphene. Scanning electron microscopy showed interconnected pores in the lattice structures of each scaffold. The cytocompatibility of human ADMSCs transduced with a red fluorescent protein (RFP) was evaluated in vitro. The in vivo biocompatibility and the potential to repair bones were evaluated in a critically sized 5 mm mechanical load-bearing segmental femur defect model in rats. Bone repair was monitored by radiological, histological, and microcomputed tomography methods. The results showed that all of the constructs were biocompatible and did not exhibit any adverse effects. The constructs containing PLGA (50:75)/graphene alone and with hADMSCs demonstrated a significant increase in mineralized tissues within 60 days post-treatment. The percentage of bone volume to total volume from microCT analyses in the rats treated with the PLGA + cells construct showed a 50% new tissue formation, which matched that of a phantom. The microCT results were supported by Von Kossa staining.