Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Observation of Parity Nonconservation in Atomic Thallium

Parity nonconservation is observed in the 6/sup 2/P/sub 1/2/ - 7/sup 2/P/sub 1/2/ transition in thallium. Absorption of circularly polarized 293-nm photons by 6/sup 2/P/sub 1/2/ atoms in an E field results in polarization of the 7/sup 2/P/sub 1/2/ state through interference of Stark E1 amplitudes with M1 and parity-nonconserving E1 amplitudes M and E/sub p/. Detection of this polarization yields the circular dichroism delta = +(5.2 +- 2.4) x 10/sup -3/, which agrees in sign and magnitude with theoretical estimates based on the Weinberg-Salam model.
Effect of Repetition on Articulation Scores for PB Words

Naive listeners were administered PB word articulation tests under four conditions of successive repetition and three conditions of signal‐to‐noise ratio. At all three signal‐to‐noise ratios, successive repetition of test words yields slightly higher articulation scores. The major portion of improvement in scores occurs with the second presentation; third and fourth presentations have negligible effect.
Relationships Among Trajectories of Sleep Disturbance, Depression, and Antiretroviral Therapy in Persons Newly Diagnosed with HIV: A One-and-a-Half-Year Observational Longitudinal Study

Purpose Sleep disturbance is one of the most prevalent symptoms among persons living with HIV (PLWH). However, the trajectory of sleep patterns in persons newly diagnosed with HIV remains underrecognized. The current study aimed to estimate the trajectory of sleep quality and its associated factors among newly diagnosed PLWH. Patients and Methods A prospective study was conducted in the outpatient clinic of a medical center in southern Taiwan from January 2015 to December 2017. Our primary outcome was sleep quality using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI). Participants completed the questionnaire at baseline and at four follow-up interval visits: at 3–6, 6–9, 9–12 and 12–15 months. A generalized equation estimation (GEE) model was applied to analyze the relationships among poor sleep quality, depression and antiretroviral therapy among persons newly diagnosed with HIV. Results A total of 217 PLWH were included. The mean age of the sample was 29.3 years, and males (98.6%) were predominant. A total of 56.2% of HIV-infected persons were considered to have poor sleep quality at baseline. After controlling for the confounding effects of demographic characteristics, the following factors increased the risk of poor sleep quality: older age (ß= 0.07, CI: 0.03–0.11, p=0.001), level of depression (ß= 0.32, CI: 0.27–0.37, p<0.001) and detectable viral load (ß= 0.61, CI: 0.04 – 1.18, p= 0.037). However, there was no significant difference in BMI, CD4 counts, HIV viral load, disclosure status, or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that one in two persons with newly diagnosed HIV had poor sleep quality. Being older, having higher levels of depression, and having detectable HIV viral loads were identified as risk factors for developing poor sleep quality in persons living with HIV.
Permutation trellis codes

Permutation block codes combined with noncoherent detection can be used to make the transmission robust against permanent frequency disturbances and impulse noise. Permutation codes have the disadvantage of a low code efficiency as a function of the minimum distance. We extend the idea of permutation block coding to trellis coding. We give a generalized construction procedure for new trellis codes of various rates and constraint lengths using a distance preserving mapping technique. Maximum likelihood decoding of these codes can follow naturally.
Bayesian Data-Model Fit Assessment for Structural Equation Modeling

Bayesian approaches to modeling are receiving an increasing amount of attention in the areas of model construction and estimation in factor analysis, structural equation modeling (SEM), and related latent variable models. However, model diagnostics and model criticism remain relatively understudied aspects of Bayesian SEM. This article describes and illustrates key features of Bayesian approaches to model diagnostics and assessing data–model fit of structural equation models, discussing their merits relative to traditional procedures.
Experimental and Theoretical Aspects of Aluminum Expanding Laser Plasma

The formation and dynamics of aluminum laser produced plasma are experimentally and theoretically investigated. The visible emitting regions of plasma form two structures of different expansion velocities. Such behavior is in agreement with the transient current recorded by a cylindrical Langmuir probe. Using the hydrodynamic model of scale relativity theory, the plasma dynamics at different time scales are numerically and analytically analyzed.
Conditional likelihood approach for analyzing single visit abundance survey data in the presence of zero inflation and detection error

Current methods to correct for detection error require multiple visits to the same survey location. Many historical datasets exist that were collected using only a single visit, and logistical/cost considerations prevent many current research programs from collecting multiple visit data. In this paper, we explore what can be done with single visit count data when there is detection error. We show that when appropriate covariates that affect both detection and abundance are available, conditional likelihood can be used to estimate the regression parameters of a binomial–zero‐inflated Poisson (ZIP) mixture model and correct for detection error. We use observed counts of Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla) to illustrate the estimation of the parameters for the binomial–zero‐inflated Poisson mixture model using a subset of data from one of the largest and longest ecological time series datasets that only has single visits. Our single visit method has the following characteristics: (i) it does not require the assumptions of a closed population or adjustments caused by movement or migration; (ii) it is cost effective, enabling ecologists to cover a larger geographical region than possible when having to return to sites; and (iii) its resultant estimators appear to be statistically and computationally highly efficient. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expert consensus on indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for thoracoscopic lung resection (The Version 2022)

The use of the white-light thoracoscopy is hampered by the low contrast between oncologic margins and surrounding normal parenchyma. As a result, many patients with in situ or micro-infiltrating adenocarcinoma have to undergo lobectomy due to a lack of tactile and visual feedback in the resection of solitary pulmonary nodules. Near-infrared (NIR) guided indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging technique has been widely investigated due to its unique capability in addressing the current challenges; however, there is no special consensus on the evidence and recommendations for its preoperative and intraoperative applications. This manuscript will describe the development process of a consensus on ICG fluorescence-guided thoracoscopic resection of pulmonary lesions and make recommendations that can be applied in a greater number of centers. Specifically, an expert panel of thoracic surgeons and radiographers was formed. Based on the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations, the consensus was developed in conjunction with the Chinese Guidelines on Video-assisted Thoracoscopy, and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines on the management of pulmonary lesions. Each of the statements was discussed and agreed upon with a unanimous consensus amongst the panel. A total of 6 consensus statements were developed. Fluorescence-guided thoracoscopy has unique advantages in the visualization of pulmonary nodules, and recognition and resection of the anterior plane of the pulmonary segment. The expert panel agrees that fluorescence-guided thoracoscopic surgery has the potential to become a routine operation for the treatment of pulmonary lesions.
Nonparametric estimation of the conditional survival function for bivariate failure times

This paper discusses the nonparametric estimation of the conditional survival function for bivariate failure time data in the presence of dependent censoring. We use local polynomial smoothing techniques to obtain a simple estimator of the conditional survival function and investigate its asymptotic properties. Several censoring structures are considered. The proposal is compared to an existing alternative by simulation and illustrated with two real data sets. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 41: 439–452; 2013 © 2013 Statistical Society of Canada
The Impact of Time on Learning Outcomes: Lessons from the Delivery of High School Mathematics Curriculum in Ghana

A student’s productive learning time is proportional to the length of time they spend working during their lessons. However, it is important to remember that the issues with educational time are not just about optimizing “in-school time. ” The study is prompted by the time spent in school and how it impacts students learning outcomes in core mathematics, considering two different year groups for the May/June 2013 West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE-standardized examination written by Anglophonic countries of West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and the Gambia)). The study compares students’ learning outcomes in the May/June 2013 WASSCE. The study uses a descriptive survey design and conveniently collected data from 10 Senior High Schools (SHSs) in the Central Region of Ghana. The results of the study showed no statistically significant difference in core mathematics grades between students who spent four years and those who spent three years in SHS. Thus, time is not the sole determinant of a student’s learning outcome, as has been suggested by some studies.
Identification and Validation of RELN Mutation as a Response Indicator for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Melanoma and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Remarkable clinical benefits in several advanced cancers are observed under the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) agents. However, only a smaller proportion of patients respond to the treatments. Reelin (RELN) is frequently mutated in the cancer genome. In this study, the RELN mutation association with ICI treatment efficacy in melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was elucidated. Data from 631 melanoma and 109 NSCLC patients with both ICI treatment data and pre-treatment mutational profiles were collected. In addition, from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project, we also obtained both tumors to explore the immunologic features behind RELN mutations. Melanoma patients with RELN mutations exhibited a favorable ICI survival benefit when compared with wild-type patients (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51–0.87, p = 0.003). A higher response rate was also noticed in RELN-mutated patients (38.9% vs. 28.3%, p = 0.017). The association of RELN mutations with a preferable immunotherapy outcome and response was further confirmed in NSCLC. Further exploration demonstrated that favorable immunocyte infiltration and immune response signaling pathways were found in patients with RELN mutations. In this study, RELN mutations were identified to connect with a better immune microenvironment and an improved ICI efficacy in melanoma and NSCLC, which provides a potential biomarker for immunological feature evaluation and immunotherapeutic outcome prediction at the molecular level.
What-clefts with adjectives in English: A corpus-based analysis

This paper aims to investigate the what-cleft construction with adjectives and establish its structural, semantic, and distributional features by adopting frame semantics and usage-based construction grammar, exploiting the data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), and applying quantitative corpus-based methodology. To this end, the author extracts the occurrences of the What be ADJ be-construction from a large corpus of naturally-occurring data, determines its structural, semantic, distributional, and discourse-functional properties, and identifies adjectives that are strongly associated with the construction in question. The paper makes a significant contribution to a growing body of literature on the what-cleft construction by conducting a qualitative and quantitative analysis of one of its variants, a grammatical pattern with adjectives that has not been hitherto investigated in much detail.
Galois Correspondences for Hopf Bigalois Extensions

Abstract LetHbe a Hopf algebra with bijective antipode over a commutative ringk. A rightH-Galois extension ofkis a rightH-comodule algebraAsuch thatk = Aco Hand a certain canonical mapA ⊗ A → A ⊗ His a bijection. We investigate Galois connections for Hopf–Galois extensions that can be formulated with the help of an additional Hopf algebraLover whichAis also a leftL-Galois extension ofk, and anL-H-bicomodule—such an additional Hopf algebra always exists and is unique up to isomorphism. The Galois connection between quotient coalgebras and left modules ofLandH-subcomodule algebras ofAinduces a bijection between those quotients over whichLis faithfully coflat, and those subalgebras over whichAis faithfully flat. As a consequence, the lattices of Hopf subalgebras ofLandHover which these are faithfully flat are isomorphic.
Power and Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Trials with Multiple Primary Variables

This article proposes a method of power and sample size calculation for confirmatory clinical trials, with the objective of showing superiority for all multiple primary variables, assuming normality of the variables. Since one sided t-statistics are used to evaluate statistical significance, the power is calculated based on a Wishart distribution. A Monte Carlo integration is used to calculate the expectation of conditional power, conditioned on Wishart variables, where random numbers are generated using the Bartlett's decomposition. Numerical examples revealed that the required sample size decreases with increases in the correlation coefficient, although the dependency is not large when the correlation coefficient is negative or when the effect sizes, on which power is calculated, are far different between variables. A SAS program (version 9.1) for the proposed method is provided in the Appendix.
X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet emission from the coronae of Capella

coronae of the binary, consistent with the upper limits derived from Fe XXI ,N eIX and Mg XI line ratios. Previous estimates of the electron density based on Fe XXI should be considered as upper limits. We construct emission measure distributions and compare the theoretical and observed spectra to conclude that the coronal material has a temperature distribution that peaks around 4‐6 MK, implying that the coronae of Capella were significantly cooler than in the previous years. In addition, we present an extended line list with over 100 features in the 5‐24 A wavelength range, and find that the X-ray spectrum is very similar to that of a solar ‐
Cryptic population structure at the northern range margin of the service tree Sorbus domestica

Climate change has aroused interest in planting warm- and drought-adapted trees in managed forests and urban areas. An option is to focus on tree species that occur naturally, but have centers of distribution in warmer and drier areas. However, in order to protect the species pool of genetic diversity, efforts of planting and promotion should be informed by knowledge on the local genetic diversity. Here, we studied the macro- and micro-scale population genetic structure of the rare European fruit tree Sorbus domestica at its northern range margin, in western Switzerland. New microsatellite data were combined with published data from across the European distribution of the species. Analyses revealed the presence of mainly one of two species-wide ancestral clusters, i.e., the western European cluster, with evidence that it consists of two cryptic sub-clusters. Average pairwise FST of 0.118 was low across the range, and only allelic richness was reduced in the northern margin compared to more southern and southeastern areas of Europe. Based on our finding of considerable genetic diversity of the species in western and northern Switzerland, we suggest that a national propagation program should focus on collecting seeds from natural, high-density tree stands and propagate locally. More generally, our study shows that rare tree species in marginal areas of their distributions do not necessarily have low genetic diversity or heightened levels of inbreeding, and in those cases probably need no assisted migration in efforts to propagate them.
New Metformin–Citric Acid Pharmaceutical Molecular Salt: Improving Metformin Physicochemical Properties

Crystal engineering and, more specifically, the development of multicomponent materials has become an effective technique to rationally modify important physicochemical properties of solids, such as solubility and thermal stability. In this work, in order to overcome some of the problems that metformin has as a pharmaceutical, a new metformin base salt with citric acid (MTF–CIT) has been developed, which improves the thermal stability and solubility (two-fold) compared to metformin base (MTF). A complete characterization of the new crystalline form through PXRD, DSC, SCXRD, and FT–IR was conducted to ensure the purity of the new phase and provide a comprehensive view of its physicochemical behavior, thus correlating the improvement in stability and solubility with the crystal structure. The MTF–CIT salt crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c1 spacegroup with z′ = 1. Intermolecular interactions found in MTF–CIT structure and simulated crystal morphology suggest a steric protection effect on the metformin ion that leads to the enhancement of stability in several orders of magnitude compared with MTF, as well as an improvement in solubility due to the exposition of polar groups in the biggest facets, making this new multicomponent salt a promising pharmaceutical solid.
Elemental abundance analyses with DAO spectrograms – IX. The metallic-lined stars 15 Vulpeculae and 32 Aquarii

Following from previous papers of this study we present elemental abundance analyses of the sharp-lined bright Am stars 15 Vul and 32 Aqr. The values derived using fine analysis techniques are found using the stellar parameters, effective temperature and surface gravity, determined using optical-region spectrophotometry and Balmer line profiles as well as with the procedures of Moon & Dworetsky and of Lane & Lester. The latter star is a more extreme Am star than the former star. We also discuss possible ways to improve these analyses
Free Lattices Generated by Partially Ordered Sets and Preserving Bounds

A construction of the free lattice generated by a partially ordered set P and preserving every least upper bound (lub) and greatest lower bound (glb) of pairs of elements existing in P has been given by Dilworth (2, pp. 124-129) and, when P is finite, by Gluhov (5). The results presented here construct the free lattice FL generated by the partially ordered set P and preserving (1) the ordering of P (2) those lub's of a family of finite subsets of P which possess lub's in P
Entrepreneurial traits and innovation

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Improved geospatial analysis of shoreline modification using a weighted‐average‐based novel formulation

This study presents a novel weighted‐average method (WAM) that captures the detailed nuances of shoreline change patterns over long and short periods by considering shorelines belonging to five different time frames. Using the WAM, the average shoreline modification for the longer period (136 years with intervals of ~34 years) and for the shorter period (annual changes over a period of 5 years) have been calculated for the 9 km stretch of the Kollam coast in Kerala, India. Historically, Kollam has been a prominent seaport on the Malabar Coast of India and was extensively mapped due to its importance for political, strategic, and trade reasons. The coastal information available in these older maps is unique as there are no comparable data for the coastline of that period that can be used to assess changes along the coast. The WAM demonstrated the efficacy of the historical maps as pivotal reference points. It reliably captured the different shoreline activities (i.e., growing, stable, and receding regions) of natural and anthropogenic origins within the study area, and the findings are consistent with results obtained by using the linear regression rate (LRR) and the end point rate (EPR) methods. This work presents both qualitative and quantitative analyses to evaluate shoreline change using various statistical and mathematical methods. The findings should serve as baseline information for coastal management, notably mitigating coastal hazards—whether of natural or anthropogenic origin—which could result in the enhancement of ecosystem services for coastal communities.
Retinal disease classification based on optical coherence tomography images using convolutional neural networks

Abstract. The challenges in today’s medicine are progressively more related to the application of artificial intelligence and supervised learning techniques. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technology used to obtain high-resolution cross-sectional images of the retina. The layers within the retina can be differentiated and retinal thickness can be measured to facilitate early detection and diagnosis of retinal diseases and conditions. This research paper is aimed at exploring different possibilities of applying deep learning, specifically convolutional neural networks in retinal diseases. During the research, several different architectures—AlexNet, VGG, Inception, and residual network, were evaluated, and the convolutional neural network that proved to be the most successful in the classification was based on the Inception architecture. Hyperparameter tuning was applied as the main method to find the most optimal solution. The key contributions of this research refer to the analysis of different architectures that can be applied in the classification of retinal diseases based on OCT images, as well as the evaluation of the test set obtained by comparing different models with different hyperparameters. This research yielded the best results obtained with Inception1, when training by means of the root mean square propagation optimizer with a batch size of 32, learning rate of 1e − 6, momentum of 0.99, and L2 regularization rate of 0.001. This model achieved an accuracy of 0.95528. In the conclusion of the paper, the advantages of the proposed and implemented solutions were discussed, and a proposal for further improvements was proposed.
Kidney Allograft Dysfunction Due to John Cunningham (JC) Virus Nephropathy

John Cunningham (JC) polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (JC-PVAN) is a rare cause of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PVAN). Although BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a relatively proven common infection post kidney transplantation, JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) infection and its impact on graft function have been less studied. Here, we report a case of a deceased donor kidney transplant recipient who was diagnosed with allograft dysfunction due to JC-PVAN six years after transplantation. JC viremia resolved after a reduction in immunosuppression and treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG); however, she developed an acute cellular rejection with moderate fibrosis resulting in chronic kidney disease in the allograft.