Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-resolution spectroscopy and analysis of the ν3/2ν4 dyad of CF4

CF4 is a strong greenhouse gas of both anthropogenic and natural origin [D.R. Worton et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 2184 (2007)]. However, high-resolution infrared spectroscopy of this molecule has received only a limited interest up to now. Until very recently, the public databases only contained cross-sections for this species, but no detailed line list. We reinvestigate here the strongly absorbing ν3 region around 7.8 μm. New Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra up to a maximal resolution of 0.0025 cm−1 have been recorded: (i) room-temperature spectra in a static cell and (ii) a supersonic expansion jet spectrum at a 23 K estimated temperature. Following the work of Gabard et al. [Mol. Phys. 85, 735 (1995)], we perform a simultaneous analysis of both the ν3 and 2ν4 bands since a strong Coriolis interaction occurs between them, perturbing the ν3 R-branch rotational clusters around J = 20. Similarly to Gabard et al. , we also include ν4 FTIR data and microwave data in the fit. The analysis is performed thanks to the XTDS and SPVIEW programs [Ch. Wenger et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. , 251 102 (2008)]. Compared to Gabard et al. , the present work extends the analysis up to higher J values (56 instead of 32). Absorption intensities are estimated thanks to the dipole moment derivative from D. Papoušek et al. [J. Phys. Chem. 99, 15387 (1995)] and compare well with the experiment. We have produced a synthetic linelist that is included in the HITRAN 2008 and GEISA 2009 public databases. The rotational energy surfaces for the dyad are also examined in detail in order to understand the distribution and clustering patterns of rovibrational levels.
Cholestasis of pregnancy: effects on maternal and fetal outcome

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) typically occurs in late pregnancy affecting 1.5-2% pregnancies. Limited data is available regarding its fetal and maternal implications. This study aims to assess the impact of ICP on maternal and fetal outcome.Methods: A total 200 patients with pruritus in later half of pregnancy were studied over a period of 18 months out of which 135 were diagnosed as ICP. Clinical and biochemical parameters like serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and gamma glutamyl transferase was recorded. Maternal and fetal outcome was noted in the form of LSCS rate, preterm births, fetal distress and neonatal ICU admissions.Results: In this study, most common symptom was pruritus. Most of cases had onset of symptoms between 32-36 weeks. High LSCS rates were seen among cases. Intrapartum complications viz. meconium staining of amniotic fluid (57.8%), preterm delivery (11.9%), fetal distress (42.2%) were significantly higher in study population and there was high incidence of NICU admissions (49. 6% neonates) among cases mostly due to meconium aspiration and prematurity.Conclusions: ICP increases maternal morbidity and is associated with adverse perinatal outcome viz. increased risk of fetal distress, preterm births and sudden IUD at term as evidenced in this study. A timely intervention at 37-38 weeks will reduce the adverse outcomes.
Short-term load forecasting algorithm based on LSTM-DBN considering the flexibility of electric vehicle

Due to the rapid development of electric vehicles, the randomness of charging and discharging modes brings huge challenges to load forecasting. Considering the large-scale gridding of electric vehicles, a load combination forecasting algorithm is proposed in this paper which considers the flexibility of electric vehicles. Firstly, the user behaviors of electric vehicle are modeled based on Monte Carlo method. Secondly, different from traditional single forecasting models, the combination of deep belief network and long short-term memory net-work is used in order to improve the forecasting accuracy and calculation speed for the complex case. Thirdly, a dynamic weight distribution method is proposed to combine the two forecasting results. Finally, Numerical examples have been performed with the results proving that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-art significantly in load forecasting, and the combined model has a higher forecasting accuracy than traditional methods.
Investors’ Beliefs and Asset Prices: A Structural Model of Cryptocurrency Demand

We explore the impact of investors’ beliefs on cryptocurrency demand and prices using three new individual-level surveys. We find that younger individuals with lower income and education are more optimistic about the future value of cryptocurrencies, as are late investors. We then estimate the cryptocurrency demand functions using a structural model with rich heterogeneity in investors’ beliefs and preferences. To identify the model, we combine observable beliefs with an instrumental variable strategy that exploits variation in the amount of energy required for the production of the different cryptocurrencies. We find that beliefs explain a large fraction of the cross-sectional variance of returns. A counterfactual exercise shows that banning entry of late investors leads to a decrease in the price of Bitcoin by about $3,500, or approximately 30% of the price during the boom in January 2018. Late investors’ optimism alone can explain about a third of the decline.
Sparse local influence analysis

Abstract The local influence analysis is useful for identifying influential observations in statistical diagnostics and sensitivity analysis. However, it is often criticized for lack of a rigorous criterion to judge the influence magnitude from the elements of the main diagnostic. In this paper, a new method, call sparse local influence analysis, is proposed to detect the influential observations. We establish the connection between local influence analysis and sparse principal component analysis and propose a modified local diagnostic with sparse elements, i.e., diagnostic with very few nonzero elements. With this method, influential observations can be efficiently detected by the nonzero elements of the modified diagnostic. Two real data sets are used for illustration and simulation studies are conducted to confirm the efficiency of the proposed methodology.
Microbiological and Biochemical Analysis of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Patients Admitted in RIMS, Ranchi

Background: Since methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains are resistant to multiple antibiotics, there is a possibility of extensive outbreaks which may be difficult to control. Early detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus is important from patients and hospitals point of view. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains were obtained from admitted patients of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. The sources of isolate included pus from infected surgical wounds, infected burn wounds, conjunctival swab, aural swab, throat swab, vaginal swab, and urine for microbiological and biochemical analysis of methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Results: All the 264 cases of staphylococcal species isolated from different clinical specimens were subjected to coagulase test. It was observed that out of 264 strains of staphylococci isolated from different sites, 165 strains (62.5%) were coagulase positive and 99 strains (37.5%) were coagulase negative by tube method. Out of the 165 strains of coagulase-positive staphylococci, maximum isolation was obtained from pus 74 followed by throat swab 55, aural swab 21, vaginal 4, conjunctival swab 9, and urine 2. All the 165 cases of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus isolated from different clinical specimens were studied for hemolysis, mannitol fermentation, pigment production, and phosphatase production. Out of these 165 strains, 162 (98%) strains produced β-hemolysis on blood agar medium. Pigment production was noted in 160 (97%) of cases. Majority of strains produced characteristic golden yellow pigment on nutrient agar plate. A total of 155 (94%) strains of staphylococci fermented mannitol with the production of acid only. Phosphatase production was observed in 157 (95%) strains of pathogenic staphylococci. Conclusion: Considering the above-mentioned pathogenicity test, it was observed that coagulase test was the single most reliable test, though coagulase-negative staphylococci are sometimes pathogenic too.
Yield and Nutrient Demand and Efficiency of Eucalyptus under Coppicing Regime

Eucalyptus stands can be managed by coppicing, however, in several Brazilian regions reduced yield has been observed with harvesting successions. This reduction can be attributed to reduced nutrient availability, among other factors. This study aimed to: to assess the nutritional demand of the Eucalyptus stand under a coppice regime; the effect of fertilization on the production of wood, distribution and compartmentalization of nutrients in eucalyptus stands managed by coppice; the effect of the height and number of shoots, on the occasion of the sprouting, in the production of eucalyptus managed by coppice and to compare the productivity of high eucalyptus wood with coppice management regime. The trial was conducted for clone GG157 (Eucalyptus urophylla hybrid), in Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Oxisol), of the Cerrado region in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Trees were originally planted at the 3.8 × 2.4 m spacing and, after the first harvesting, at age 84 months, the stand was managed by coppicing. Treatments consisted of: (a) fertilization or not; (b) one, two or four poles per stump; and (c) selection of 1-, 2- or 4-m-high poles and repeated three times. Sixty months after treatment application, plots of 80 trees were used for the assessments. The gain in trunk yield with fertilization and the combination between the height of poles at the time of pole selection and number of poles left varies between 140.2% for thinning when the pole is 2 m high and maintains 1 pole per strain and 128.6% when the plants are 1 m high and maintain 1 pole per strain. Not supplying nutrients in the coppicing system leads to lower accumulation of nutrients in the tree and reductions in both wood and trunk yields. Trees in the coppicing system use nutrients for trunk production more efficiently than those in high forest. Earlier pole selection enables the best use of growth resources, resulting in increased yield. Adequate nutritional management of coppiced stands results in the maintenance or increase of yield compared to the first rotation.
Multicriteria group decision-making under uncertainty using interval data and cloud models

Abstract In this study, we propose a multicriteria group decision-making (MCGDM) algorithm under uncertainty where data is collected as intervals. The proposed MCGDM algorithm aggregates the data, determines the optimal weights for criteria and ranks alternatives with no further input. The intervals give flexibility to experts in assessing alternatives against criteria and provide an opportunity to gain maximum information. We also propose a novel method to aggregate experts’ judgements using cloud models. We introduce an experimental approach to check the validity of the aggregation method. After that, we use the aggregation method for an MCGDM problem. Here, we find the optimal weights for each criterion by proposing a bi-level optimisation model. Then, we extend the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) for data based on cloud models to prioritise alternatives. As a result, the algorithm can gain information from decision-makers with different levels of uncertainty and examine alternatives with no more information from decision-makers. The proposed MCGDM algorithm is implemented on a case study of a cybersecurity problem to illustrate its feasibility and effectiveness. The results verify the robustness and validity of the proposed MCGDM using sensitivity analysis and comparison with other existing algorithms.
On the effect of active flow control on the meandering of a wing-tip vortex

The development of a wing-tip vortex of a rectangular, square-tipped wing having a NACA 0012 airfoil at a chord Reynolds number $Re_{c_{w}}=2\times 10^{5}$, under the effect of synthetic jet actuation, was experimentally studied. Five control configurations were considered: case C1 with momentum coefficient $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}=0.001$ and actuation frequency $F^{+}=0.075$; case C2 with $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}=0.001$ and $F^{+}=0.15$; case C3 with $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}=0.001$ and $F^{+}=0.3$; case C4 with $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}=0.001$ and $F^{+}=0.6$; and case C5 with $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}=0.001$ and $F^{+}=1.2$. Under the most effective configuration, case C3, the vortex was stretched and appeared to be diffuse with a nearly 40 % decrease in the peak circumferential velocity and 50 % decrease in the core axial vorticity. The vortex core radius largely broadened suggesting that the lower-frequency control configuration allowed the synthetic jet to travel larger distances into the vortex bringing turbulent structures within its core resulting in increased mixing and subsequently a more diffuse vortex.
Moss communities of xeric calcareous habitats in the southeastern United States: An assessment of compositional variation and distance decay

Abstract. Moss floras of xeric calcareous habitats were studied at field sites in Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee and Kentucky. At each site, one study area was established, including open glade and wooded margin. A species inventory and a community composition investigation were conducted at each study area. Community composition was analyzed for ground-dwelling (soil and rock) and corticolous communities. Ground-dwelling communities were sampled with quadrats, and corticolous communities were sampled by examining trees along the margins. Presence/absence data from the complete species lists from the five sites were used to calculate Jaccard similarity indices among pairs of sites. The frequencies of species occurring in community samples were used to calculate Bray-Curtis similarity indices for ground-dwelling margin and corticolous communities. Jaccard and Bray-Curtis similarities were used in regression analyses to explore their relationship with geographic distance and climatic factors. The total number of species found at each 1 ha study area ranged from 32 to 35. Part of the flora at each site consisted of species common elsewhere in the region, but there were also species commonly associated with calcareous substrates, such as Pleurochaete luteola, Weissia jamaicensis, Orthotrichum strangulatum, Schistidium rivulare and Hyophila involuta. Regression analyses of pairwise similarities and geographic distances showed a strong non-linear correlation between distance and the Jaccard similarities, a somewhat lower correlation between distance and the Bray-Curtis similarities from ground-dwelling margin communities, and little correlation between distance and corticolous community compositions. Multiple regression analyses suggested significant correlations between community variation and temperature and in most cases weaker correlations with precipitation. Our results were notable in that the ground-dwelling community subset exhibited a pronounced distance decay but the corticolous subset did not. This finding suggests that in bryophytes characteristics associated with habitat fragmentation and substrate type have important effects on beta diversity.
Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Accumulation of Anthocyanins and other Flavonoids in Cowpea Pod (Vigna unguiculata L.).

As an important vegetable crop of the legume family, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) is grown widely for tender pod with good taste and nutrition. The purple cowpea pods attract more attention mainly for the eye-catching color and health-promoting ingredients. Initially, two major anthocyanins (delphinidin 3-O-glucosid and cyanidin 3-O-Glucoside) and nine kinds of flavonoids (most are quercetin-based flavonol glycosides) with large quantities were separated and identified from purple cowpea pod by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. To study systematically, two representative cowpea cultivars with drastic difference in anthocyanin accumulation were further analyzed by the integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics. A total of 56 differentially accumulated metabolites and 4142 differentially expressed genes were identified, respectively. Based on the comprehensive analysis of multi-omic data, it was shown that VuMYB90-1, VuMYB90-2, VuMYB90-3, VuCPC, VuMYB4, and endogenous bHLH and WD40 proteins coordinately control anthocyanin and flavonoid accumulation via transcriptional regulation of structural genes in purple cowpea pod.
North American Clovis Point Form and Performance: An Experimental Assessment of Penetration Depth

ABSTRACT In Late Pleistocene North America colonizing hunter-gatherers knapped and used Clovis fluted projectile points. During their expansion the size and shape of Clovis points changed significantly. Archaeologists know that cultural drift contributed to this variation, but is it possible that this single source could alone generate so much variation so quickly? We present the first of several experimental studies exploring whether Clovis size and shape variation results in performance differences, focusing here on how deeply different Clovis point forms penetrate a target. Our ballistics experiment demonstrates that seven different Clovis point forms penetrated the same target with different effectiveness. Even after tip cross-sectional perimeter is accounted for, there are significant differences in penetration depths between two of the point types. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that Clovis people in different times and places may have chosen specific attributes to provide them with a selective functional advantage.
Protective Role of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. in Brain Disorders; A New Window

Aims: Alzheimer disease and epilepsy are two of the central nervous system (CNS) disorders that not only affect the quality of life of patients but also of family members and caretakers. Remedies for these illnesses are available in allopathic medicines but not without side effects. Herbal products are being investigated for these ailments. Protective role of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. was assessed in this study. Study Design: Laboratory based randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration of Study: Conducted in Pharmacology Department of University of Karachi, between March 2018 and April 2018. Original Research Article Abbas et al.; JPRI, 32(13): 131-140, 2020; Article no.JPRI. 59445 132 Methodology: Mice and rats were divided in three groups, control, 2% and 4% F. vulgare groups, each containing 10 rodents. Control group was fed standard rodent diet, whereas, study groups were given 2% and 4% F. vulgare seeds (crushed) incorporated in standard rodent diet. Epilepsy model was made for mice and Alzheimer disease study was done using rats and passive avoidance test. Results: Lower incidence of seizures and mortality in both study groups as compared to control in epilepsy model and memory retaining effect in both treated groups in Alzheimer disease model was recorded with statistical significance. Conclusion: Clinical studies should be conducted to validate the protective role of this herb in
Expansion of intrahepatic lymphocytes expressing PD-1 and bcl-2 in chronic hepatitis C: correlation with the disease progression

Background Programmed death-1 (PD-1) plays an important role in balancing antiviral immunity. Recently, PD-1 has been shown to induce immune exhaustion of T cells in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Immune exhaustion and apoptosis are responsible for viral persistence. Little information is available regarding the correlation between PD-1 and antiapoptotic proteins, such as bcl-2. Aim The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between PD-1 and bcl-2 in liver tissue of patients with CHC infection and histological characteristics of disease progression. Methods This study was conducted on 91 CHC patients and 20 healthy control participants. Immunohistochemistry was performed on liver tissue sections using antibodies against PD-1 and bcl-2. Immunohistochemical results were correlated with demographic, laboratory, and histopathological findings. Results Age and sex did not reveal significant association with either PD-1 or bcl-2. Transaminases, platelets, and prothrombin time showed significant association with PD-1 and bcl-2. PD-1, and bcl-2 demonstrated significant correlation with necroinflammatory activity (P<0.000 and <0.000, respectively) and fibrosis (P=0.001 and <0.000, respectively). Neither PD-1 nor bcl-2 has shown significant correlation with steatosis. There was a strong significant negative correlation between PD-1 and bcl-2 (r=0.723, P⩽0.000). Conclusion Intrahepatic PD-1 is conversely inter-related to bcl-2 with a pivotal role in disease severity and progression.
An Emotion-Aware Learning Analytics System Based on Semantic Task Automation

E-learning has become a critical factor in the academic environment due to the endless number of possibilities that it opens for the learning context. However, these platforms often suppose to increase the difficulties for the communication between teachers and students. Without having real contact between teachers and students, the former finds it harder to adapt their methods and content to their students, while the students also find complications for maintaining their focus. This paper aims to address this challenge with the use of emotion and engagement recognition techniques. We propose an emotion-aware e-learning platform architecture that recognizes students’ emotions and attention in order to improve their academic performance. The system integrates a semantic task automation system that allows users to easily create and configure their own automation rules to adapt the study environment. The main contributions of this paper are: (1) the design of an emotion-aware learning analytics architecture; (2) the integration of this architecture in a semantic task automation platform; and (3) the validation of the use of emotion recognition in the e-learning platform using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) methodology.
Modified likelihood root in high dimensions

We examine a higher order approximation to the significance function with increasing numbers of nuisance parameters, based on the normal approximation to an adjusted log‐likelihood root. We show that the rate of the correction for nuisance parameters is larger than the correction for non‐normality, when the parameter dimension p is O(nα) for α<12 . We specialize the results to linear exponential families and location–scale families and illustrate these with simulations.
A mixed nitrogen diet and compartmentalized utilization for Mycobacterium tuberculosis replicating in host cells: results of a systems-based analysis

Nitrogen metabolism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is crucial for the survival and virulence of this pathogen inside host macrophages but little is known about the nitrogen sources acquired from the host or their route of assimilation. Here we performed a systems-based analysis of nitrogen metabolism in intracellular Mtb and developed 15N-Flux Spectral Ratio Analysis (FSRA) to probe the metabolic cross-talk between the host cell and Mtb. We demonstrate that intracellular Mtb acquires nitrogen from multiple amino acids in the macrophage including glutamate, glutamine, aspartate, alanine, glycine and valine, with glutamine being the predominant nitrogen donor. Each nitrogen source is uniquely assimilated into specific intracellular pools indicating compartmentalised metabolism. This was not observed for in vitro-grown Mtb indicating that there is a switch in nitrogen metabolism when the pathogen enters the intracellular environment. These results provide clues about the potential metabolic targets for development of innovative anti-tuberculosis therapies.