Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combining CD4 count, CD8 count and CD4/CD8 ratio to predict risk of mortality among HIV-positive adults after therapy: a group-based multi-trajectory analysis

Introduction Previous studies have indicated different immunological recovery trajectories based on CD4 count or CD4/CD8 ratio. However, these immune indicators are interconnected, and relying solely on one indicator may lead to inaccurate estimates. Therefore, it is essential to develop a comprehensive trajectory model that integrates CD4 count, CD8 count and CD4/CD8 ratio. Methods We utilized a group-based multi-trajectory model to characterize the latent cluster of recovery based on measurements of CD4 count, CD8 count and CD4/CD8 ratio over a period of up to 96 months following ART initiation. Subsequently, we investigated the characteristics associated with trajectory groups, especially sex and age. Cox model and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were employed to assess differences in all-cause, AIDS-related and non-AIDS related mortality between trajectory groups. Results A total of 14,718 eligible individuals were followed for a median of 55 months. Longitudinal model identified four subgroups: group 1 (32.5%, low CD4 and CD4/CD8 inversion), group 2 (25.9%, high CD8 and CD4/CD8 inversion), group 3 (27.2%, slow recovery of CD4 and CD4/CD8 inversion) and group 4 (14.4%, rapid increase of CD4 and normal CD4/CD8). Immune recovery was slower in male than in female, and in elders than in youngers. Compared to group 2, group 1 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]=3.28; 95% CI 2.33-4.60) and group 3 (aHR=1.56; 95% CI 1.09-2.24) had increased risk of all-cause mortality after adjusting for other factors. Besides, group 1 (aHR=2.17) and group 3 (aHR=1.58) had higher risk of non-AIDS related mortality, and group 1 (aHR=5.92) had significantly increased risk of AIDS related mortality. Conclusion Longitudinal trajectory analysis of multiple immune indicators can be employed to guide targeted interventions among vulnerable populations in clinical practice.
The crystal structure of spiroffite

The crystal strucrure of spiroffite, Mna+Tqos, a 12.870(2),, 5.3813(5), c 11.8s8(2) A, p Sa.zz(t)', v 814.8Q) 43, C2lc, Z 4, has been solved by direct methods and refined to an R index of l.7Vo based on 1045 observed intensities measured with MoKcl X-radiation on an automated four-circle diffractometer. Site-scanering refinement, stereochemical features and electron-microprobe analysis indicate that the composition of the crystal examined corresponds closely to the ideal end-member composition. Spiroffite is isostructural with synthetic ZnT%Os. There are two distinct Ie sites occupying the 4e and 8/positions, respectively: Ia(l) is coordinated by four oxygen atoms between 1.86 and 2.10 A, all lying to one side of Te(l); Te(2) is^ coordinated by four oxygen atoms between 1.87 and 2.39 A to one side, and two oxygen atoms between 2.83 and 3.13 A to the other side of the central cation. This very asymmetric coordination is the result of stereoactive lone-pairs of electrons. The structue consists of open sheets of MnOu octahedra cross-linked into a framework by ladders of edge-sharing TeO, polyhedra. Large open channels extend through the structure along [001], and accommodate the stereoactive lone-pairs of electrons of the peripheral Te atoms. The structure of denningite, CaMnTenOro, shows a similar motif: chains of MnO6 and CaOs polyhedra are linked into a framework by chains of TeO, polyhedr4 and open channels tbrough the framework contain the stereoactive lone-pairs of electrons associated with Tea cations. The need to accommodate stereoactive lone-pairs of electrons [ps 6 im.portant influence on stnrcture topology in Te#-rich structffes.
BCD-Net: building change detection based on fully scale connected U-Net and subpixel convolution

ABSTRACT In recent decades, building change detection (BCD) algorithms have made significant progress by introducing deep learning (DL) for pixel-based change detection (CD). However, they still suffer the problem of low accuracy owing to insufficient feature extraction that is not discriminative enough. Hence, this results in poor semantic segmentation, including irrelevant change information and inconsistent boundaries. To tackle these problems, we present a novel DL-based method known as building change detection (BCD-Net) in an end-to-end manner. Our approach not only deals with the above-mentioned challenges but also significantly increases the level of accuracy. Moreover, our proposed method is inspired by full-scale U-Net3+ that uses an encoder and decoder for semantic segmentation. We modified the U-Net3+ by adding subpixel convolution layers instead of upsampling layers. BCD-Net is applied in three main parts: (1) data preparation, (2) model training/optimization of model parameters, and (3) building change detection based on tuned models. To evaluate the performance of BCD-Net, the benchmark unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and satellite imagery were employed. The BCD-Net obtained an accuracy of 98.80% accuracy with the known WHU building dataset and 94.48% on the EGY-BCD dataset. The obtained results demonstrated that the proposed BCD-Net outperformed the rest of the techniques and achieved competitive accuracy, a low rate of miss-detection, and a false alarm rate.
A Novel Technique Using Ryle's Tube for Colonic Decompression in Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, also known as Ogilvie's syndrome, involves colon dilation without mechanical obstruction. It is conventionally treated with conservative measures such as fasting, nasogastric and rectal tube placement, correction of fluids and electrolytes, and, if necessary, use of neostigmine and colonic decompression through colonoscopy. Surgical intervention may be considered in severe cases. In this report, we present a case of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction where initial conservative management failed. The patient was successfully treated using a novel rectal tube insertion technique.
Plasma Markers for Therapy Response Monitoring in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors Undergoing Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy

Simple Summary Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy is a well-established therapy for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. Therapy typically consists of four cycles administered in 8–10 week intervals, resulting in an average treatment length of 8–10 months. Given the extensive treatment length, early identification of patients with disease progression could help to optimize disease management. Blood-based biomarkers such as chromogranin A, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), or the De Ritis ratio (aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase) are continually assessed during treatment and represent a noninvasive and easily accessible source for the intratherapeutic monitoring of patients. Our exploratory analysis indicates that a considerable intratherapeutic increase in ALP may serve as a tool to identify patients who are at a higher risk of early disease progression after PRRT. If our results can be confirmed by other studies, these patients might benefit from intensified follow-up. Abstract Background: Pretherapeutic chromogranin A, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), or De Ritis ratio (aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase) are prognostic factors in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET) undergoing peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). However, their value for intratherapeutic monitoring remains unclear. We evaluated if changes in plasma markers during PRRT can help identify patients with unfavorable outcomes. Methods: A monocentric retrospective analysis of 141 patients with NET undergoing PRRT with [177Lu]Lu-DOTATOC was conducted. Changes in laboratory parameters were calculated by dividing the values determined immediately before each cycle of PRRT by the pretherapeutic value. Patients with low vs. high PFS were compared with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results: Progression, relapse, or death after PRRT was observed in 103/141 patients. Patients with low PFS showed a significant relative ALP increase before the third (p = 0.014) and fourth (p = 0.039) cycles of PRRT. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a median PFS of 24.3 months (95% CI, 20.7–27.8 months) in patients with decreasing ALP values (Δ > 10%) during treatment, 12.5 months (95% CI, 9.2–15.8 months) in patients with increasing ALP values (Δ > 10%), and 17.7 months (95% CI, 13.6–21.8 months) with stable ALP values (Δ ± 10%). Conclusions: Based on these exploratory data, a rise in plasma ALP might indicate disease progression and should be interpreted cautiously during therapy.
TIME POINT-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF TRANSIT SERVICE RELIABILITY AND PASSENGER DEMAND.

An abstract of the dissertation of Thomas Jeffrey Kimpel for the Doctor of Philosophy in Urban Studies presented May 4, 2001. Title: Time Point-Level Analysis of Transit Service Reliability and Passenger Demand Considerable effort is being expended by transit agencies to implement advanced communications and transportation technologies capable of improving transit service reliability. Improvements in transit service reliability will produce benefits for both passengers and operators. Routes characterized by unreliable service may have difficulty attracting new riders or suffer patronage declines over time. Increased wait times at stops result in higher travel costs, which ultimately influence mode choice decisions. Transit systems with poor service quality require additional fiscal resources because of higher operating and capital costs. For both transit providers and passengers, the primary issue is that there are monetary costs associated with unreliable service. This research uses archived Tri-Met Bus Dispatch System data relating to bus transit performance and passenger activity, along with socioeconomic and land use information to analyze transit service reliability and passenger demand at the time point (route-segment) level of analysis. Observations refer to individual trips summarized over 19 days for 5 radial and 2 crosstown routes. The sample was stratified by route typology and time period, with the radial peak period models further
Structure, metamorphism, and uranium-lead and argon-40/argon-39 geochronology of the Ming's Bight Group, and the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland.

The Ming's Bight Group (MBG) comprises a sequence of Late Proterozoic to Early Ordovician continental margin siliciclastic rocks of Humber Zone tectonostratigraphic affinity which is surrounded by Early Ordovician volcanic arc and ophiolitic rocks of Dunnage Zone affinity on the eastern side of a major terrane boundary (the Baie Verte-Brompton Line; BVL) on the Baie Verte Peninsula (BVP) in northwest Newfoundland. Dextral transtensional structures were observed in a single shear zone in the thesis area, and are overgrown by titanite porphyroblasts with a U-Pb age of 388 +/- 4 Ma. This shearing is tentatively correlated with a dextral transpressional shear zone exposed further west along the main trace of the BVL. Dextral transtensional structures are symmetrically developed about the MBG. To the southeast, the MBG is bounded by a thick zone of penetrative, southeast-directed, normal-sense, non-coaxial shear which initiated during peak amphibolite facies metamorphism (T ≥ 600°C; P ≥ 6 kbar), and continued to greenschist facies conditions. 40 Ar/39Ar cooling ages of 377--382 +/- 3 Ma from syntectonic hornblende in the footwall of this zone indicate extensional shearing through Middle to Late Devonian time. To the northwest, a series of narrow, high-angle, brittle-ductile, greenschist facies, dextral-normal, oblique-slip shear zones bound the MBG. 40Ar/ 39Ar muscovite cooling ages throughout the MBG cluster between 360 +/- 3 and 368 +/- 4 Ma, indicating that this deformation, and coeval rapid post-metamorphic cooling through the muscovite closure temperature, continued through to Early Carboniferous time. Based on the geometry of these extensional structures and the spatial patterns of cooling ages and cooling rates, the MBG is interpreted to be a symmetrical metamorphic core complex. These relationships indicate that the recently proposed models for Silurian extensional collapse of the Newfoundland Appalachians cannot account for rapid post-metamorphic cooling in either the MBG or FdLS. The regional transition from a deformation regime of sinistral transpression to a regime of dextral transtension is interpreted to result from a regional-scale counterclockwise rotation of the kinematic axes from northwest-southeast in the late-Early to Late Silurian, to east-west in the Late Silurian to late-Early Devonian, to southwest-northeast in the late-Early to Late Devonian, similar to that documented in other portions of the northern Appalachians. This study indicates that transpressional shear zones controlling gold mineralization on the BVP are far more widespread than previously recognized, and provides a new model which may assist future volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) exploration in the vicinity of the Rambler VMS deposits. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Frost damage measured by electrolyte leakage in subarctic bryophytes increases with climate warming

Observed climate change in northern high latitudes is strongest in winter, but still relatively little is known about the effects of winter climate change on tundra ecosystems. Ongoing changes in winter climate and snow cover will change the intensity, duration and frequency of frost events. Bryophytes form a major component of northern ecosystems but their responses to winter climate changes are largely unknown. Here, we studied how changes in overall winter climate and snow regime affect frost damage in three common bryophyte taxa that differ in desiccation tolerance in a subarctic tundra ecosystem. We used a snow manipulation experiment where bryophyte cores were transplanted from just above the tree line to similar elevation (i.e. current cold climate) and lower elevation (i.e. near‐future warmer climate scenario) in Abisko, Sweden. Here, we measured frost damage in shoots of Ptilidium ciliare, Hylocomium splendens and Sphagnum fuscum with the relative electrolyte leakage (REL) method, during late winter and spring in two consecutive years. We hypothesized that frost damage would be lower in a milder climate (low site) and higher under reduced snow cover and that taxa from moister habitats with assumed low desiccation tolerance would be more sensitive to lower temperature and thinner snow cover than those from drier and more exposed habitats. Contrary to our expectations, frost damage was highest at low elevation, while the effect of snow treatment differed across sites and taxa. At the high site, frost damage was reduced under snow addition in the taxon with the assumed lowest desiccation tolerance, S. fuscum. Surprisingly, frost damage increased with mean temperature in the bryophyte core of the preceding 14 days leading up to REL measurements and decreased with higher frost degree sums, that is, was highest in the milder climate at the low site. Synthesis Our results imply that climate warming in late winter and spring increases frost damage in bryophytes. Given the high abundance of bryophytes in tundra ecosystems, higher frost damage could alter the appearance and functioning of the tundra landscape, although the short and long‐term effects on bryophyte fitness remain to be studied.
Diversity and correlation analysis of different root exudates on the regulation of microbial structure and function in soil planted with Panax notoginseng

Introduction Specific interactions between root exudates and soil microorganisms has been proposed as one of the reasons accounting for the continuous cropping obstacle (CCO) of Panax notoginseng. However, rotation of other crops on soils planted with P. notoginseng (SPP) did not show CCO, suggesting that root exudates of different crops differentially regulate soil microorganisms in SPP. Methods Here, we investigated the microbial community structure and specific interaction mechanisms of the root exudates of the four plant species, P. notoginseng (Pn), Zea mays (Zm), Nicotiana tabacum (Nt) and Perilla frutescens (Pf), in SPP by static soil culture experiment. Results The results showed that the chemical diversity of root exudates varied significantly among the four plant species. Pn had the highest number of unique root exudates, followed by Nt, Zm and Pf. Terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and phenolic acids were the most abundant differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in Pn, Nt, Zm and Pf, respectively. However, lipids were the most abundant common DAMs among Zm Nt and Pf. Pn root exudates decreased the relative abundance of bacteria, but increased that of fungi. While specific DAMs in Pn enriched Phenylobacterium_zucineum, Sphingobium_yanoikuyae, Ophiostoma_ulmi and functional pathways of Nucleotide excision repair, Streptomycin biosynthesis, Cell cycle-Caulobacter and Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, it inhibited Paraburkholderia _caledonica and Ralstonia_pickettii. However, common DAMs in Zm, Nt and Pf had opposite effects. Moreover, common DAMs in Zm, Nt and Pf enriched Ralstonia_pseudosolanacearum and functional pathway of Xylene degradation; unique DAMs in Zm enriched Talaromyces_purcureogeneus, while inhibiting Fusarium_tricinctum and functional pathways of Nucleotide excision repair and Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; unique DAMs in Pf enriched Synchytrium_taraxaci. Discussion The core strains identified that interact with different root exudates will provide key clues for regulation of soil microorganisms in P. notoginseng cultivation to alleviate CCO.
The Appeal of Media Populism: The Media Preferences of Citizens With Populist Attitudes

Although a growing body of literature points to the particular media diet of populist voters, we know too little about what specific media preferences characterize citizens with populist attitudes. This study investigates to what extent citizens with anti-establishment and exclusionist populist attitudes are appealed to attitudinal-congruent media content. We collected survey data using a nationally representative sample ( N = 809), and find that citizens’ preferences for media content are in sync with their populist attitudes. Beyond having a tabloidized and entertainment-based media diet, populist voters self-select media content that actively articulates the divide between the ‘innocent’ people and ‘culprit’ others. These findings provide new insights into the appeal of different types of media populism among citizens with populist attitudes on different dimensions.
Investigating the Inﬂuence of Artiﬁcial Intelligence on Business Value in the Digital Era of Strategy: A Literature Review

: For organizations, the development of new business models and competitive advantages through the integration of artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) in business and IT strategies holds considerable promise. The majority of businesses are ﬁnding it difﬁcult to take advantage of the opportunities for value creation while other pioneers are successfully utilizing AI. On the basis of the research methodology of Webster and Watson (2020), 139 peer-reviewed articles were discussed. According to the literature, the performance advantages, success criteria, and difﬁculties of adopting AI have been emphasized in prior research. The results of this review revealed the open issues and topics that call for further research/examination in order to develop AI capabilities and integrate them into business/IT strategies in order to enhance various business value streams. Organizations will only succeed in the digital transformation alignment of the present era by precisely adopting and implementing these new, cutting-edge technologies. Despite the revolutionary potential advantages that AI capabilities may promote, the resource orchestration, along with governance in this dynamic environment, is still complex enough and in the early stages of research regarding the strategic implementation of AI in organizations, which is the issue this review aims to address and, as a result, assist present and future organizations effectively enhance various business value outcomes.
Data Journalism: A Systematic Literature Review

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the conceptual, theoretical, and methodological trends and gaps in data journalism research by conducting a systematic literature review of 102 articles published in English in SSCI-indexed communication journals. The review revealed that the majority of the literature focused on empirical investigations of data journalism practice, with weak conceptual and theoretical foundations and limited methodological diversity. Additionally, the authors and topics examined were predominantly from the Global North, which makes it challenging to generalize the findings to different contexts and scales. However, recent larger-scale studies incorporating the Global South offer hope for deepening the data journalism discussion.
Strategies for Addressing Indigenous Education Dropout

The issue of indigenous education dropout among the indigenous community has deep roots, despite various efforts being made. These efforts include educational assistance such as transportation allowances, pocket money for primary and secondary school students, dormitory personal needs, fees, and school uniforms for Standard 1 and Form 1 students. Similarly, there are initiatives like the Education Incentive Scheme (SBGP) managed in collaboration with the Department of Orang Asli Development (JAKOA), aimed at encouraging indigenous students to pursue higher education. However, the education dropout issue among the indigenous at the secondary school level not only hinders educational progression but also makes it difficult for the younger generation of this community to secure better employment due to the lack of required minimum qualifications. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to explore strategies for addressing indigenous education dropout in Sungai Siput, Perak. Through semi-structured interviews and purposive sampling, the researcher conducted interviews with several teachers, parents, and indigenous community members in the district of Sungai Siput, Perak. Additionally, direct observations were made in schools, homes, and indigenous villages to reinforce the interview data. The study findings outlined strategies in the context of efforts needed by various parties to address indigenous educational dropout. The results indicate that addressing indigenous education dropout requires the involvement of various parties, establishing culturally responsive education, developing indigenous community educational recovery, and enhancing teacher training and professional development in indigenous schools. This study has important implications for addressing the issue of educational dropout among indigenous students from various angles.