Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Children’s Websites in Arabic language

The Internet is one of the most successful means of providing a rich learning environment, and children are among the most affected by that interactive atmosphere. The research adopted a descriptive approach using an evaluation card in a checklist form to evaluate general, educational content, and technical elements of Arabic- language children’s websites. The evaluation card included (17) domains and (127) items examining (20) Arabic websites for children representing the research sample. In terms of general elements, the research findings confirmed that accessibility and ease of use received the highest rating (93.33%), while continuous timeliness was the lowest (21.25%). In the elements of educational content, the written text was the highest (91.11%), while the interactivity was only (30.77%), and finally the technical elements, the written text at the highest ratings (93%), compared to video, animation and sound at the lowest rating (60.83%). Regarding the availability of key domains in the websites, technical elements received the highest percentage (71%), followed by general elements (62.58%), and the educational content elements were last (53.93%). The research main recommendations involved designing Arabic websites for children with their interests and developmental needs as well as benefiting from websites in the international settings, by avoiding the shortcomings and weaknesses revealed in the research results.
Understanding Children’s Court Processes and Decisions: Perceptions of Children and Their Families

This article presents preliminary findings regarding children’s and families’ experiences of Children’s Court proceedings in which they are participants. The findings come from a systematic review of Australian and international qualitative literature in relation to how children and their families perceive and understand these court processes. The review reveals that we know little about children’s and parents’ perspectives. However, their insights are vital so that courts can reasonably address issues and concerns, give effect to obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 1989 and foster a problem-solving, therapeutic court approach.
Quality of heavy market scrap: development of new and simple methods for quality assessment and quality improvement

Scrap is the second source of iron units of the Steel Industry used at the level of 310 Mt per year, i.e. 40% of a total Steel production of 776 Mt in 1998. This study is concerned with the definition and the present status of scrap quality in the European Union. It presents the steps that have been taken by two European Steel Producers, Usinor and Sidenor, to be in a position to monitor scrap quality on a day to day basis as a tool for their raw materials management. As such, it is a quality insurance approach. In order to go beyond the pragmatic implementation of the European Scrap Grading System (ESGS) which took place prior to the present investigation, Usinor and Sidenor have pooled together to develop robust and simple methods for monitoring scrap quality and have carried out extensive and systematic control campaigns in France and in Spain. Both a methodological grammar and a thesaurus of scrap quality, as observed on the European market in the last few years, has been produced. The methodology has been standardized and the analysis of results has been considered on a common basis.
Human leukocyte antigen-associated uveitis in Thai population: Brief review

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) has been associated with several immune-mediated diseases, malignancies and infectious diseases. Due to the HLA complexity and polymorphisms, several types of HLA have been used as the molecular markers in diagnosis. Among different ethnic groups, HLA is genetically diverse resulting in the differences of disease susceptibility. The study of HLA in Thai population will help an understanding of diseases pathogenesis and the genetic linkage leading to the development of genetic markers that are specific to Thai population. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome, HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and Behcet’s disease (BD) were found to be the major causes of non-infectious and autoimmune-related uveitis in Thai patients. Several etiologic studies in Western, European and other Asian populations reported the strong association between HLA-DR4 and VKH, HLA-B27 and AAU as well as HLA-B51 and BD. However, few in HLA-B27 and none in HLA-B51 and HLA-DR4 related uveitis study have been reported in Thailand. This briefly review discusses the association of HLA and non-infectious uveitis among populations and future research aspects for Thai populations.
Adopting IOIS in asymmetrical partnerships. Evidence from asymmetric alliances between Tunisian and European companies

Previous research in inter-organizational information systems (IOIS) is usually organized around three themes: adoption of IOIS, its impact on governing economic transactions, and its organizational consequences (Robey et al., 2008). This article aims to study the factors affecting a specific type of IOIS adoption, the one, within asymmetric strategic alliances. Drawing on qualitative research involving ten cases of asymmetric alliances between Tunisian and European companies, the present study develops a set of testable propositions that sheds light on factors affecting the adoption of IOIS within asymmetric alliances. These mainly refer to the asymmetric alliance as well as a set of technological, organizational and environmental factors.
The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 1995-97 (HUNT 2): Objectives, contents, methods and participation

The second Nord-Trondelag Health Study in 1995-97 (HUNT 2) was partly a follow-up study of HUNT 1, conducted in 1984-86. HUNT 2 comprised, however, a larger scientific program. The large amount of information collected from each participant, and the large number of participants in a wide age range covering an entire county population, make HUNT one of the largest health studies ever performed. This paper describes the survey covering persons aged 20 years and older. In total, 66.7% of men (n=30,860) and 75.5% of women (n=35,280) participated, the highest participation was in age group 60-69 and the lowest among the young and the elderly. Data collected from several questionnaires and with blood and urine samples and various clinical measurements, some of them in sub-samples of the study population, comprise a huge database for research. All data for each person are linked, and data are also linked to various health registries; all data handling being supervised by The Data Inspectorate and The Regional Ethical Committee. Procedures for data access are established, and more than 100 researchers are currently working on HUNT data. A large number of scientific papers in various disciplines are published, among them 15 doctoral theses (June 2003). The research potential of the HUNT biobank is still not fully exploited, but initiatives are taken. In line with other population based studies both in Norway and abroad, there was a decline in participation rate from HUNT 1 to HUNT 2 (16.9%). This has raised concern about the validity of future population based health studies. However, the good local and national network and the support from the population, make up a good platform also for future health studies in Nord-Trondelag.
The Impact of Tourism on Business Development in Mountain Regions: A Case Study

Purpose: The article examines the potential of touristic and recreational resources of the mountain of Ajara (Georgia) and the territorial organization of tourism development dynamics on the basis of a sustainable system in the region. Design/methodology/approach: In order to achieve the study outcomes, the priorities of tourism development in study region under the rational nature management conditions were defined by means of quantitative and qualitative indicators of traditional methods, sociological studies, balanced theory and the coordination failure theory. Findings: The paper covers the resource potential existing in the region, which might be involved in tourism business development and is confirmed in businesses’ structural adjustment in an attempt to increase the efficiency of social-economic development. Practical implications: On the background of worsened the ecological and social-economic condition in the region, the ways solving the existing issues are grounded by rational nature management methodology. Originality/Value: On the basis of lack of land, the existence of ecological problems and seasonal unemployment of labor on the basis of assessment of natural and resource potential of the region the efficiency of businesses’ structural adjustment and tourism perspectives are shaped and proposed.
Innovative Service Delivery and Competitive Advantage of Small Scale Hotels in Nigeria: The Moderating Role of Opportunity Connectedness

The global hospitality sector entered 2017 with a strong appetite for growth. Building on momentum gained in the previous years, renewed investor confidence and pent-up demand for trades propelled growth within the global lodging sector, fuelling an increase in transaction activities and worldwide improvements in hotel operations. Global tourism statistics indicate that the sector had created over $2 trillion US businesses, accounting for 11.3% of world consumption in 1997. Its direct contribution to GDP in 2016 was USD2, 306 billion (3.1% of GDP). This is forecasted to rise by 3.8% to USD2, 394.2 billion in 2017. Furthermore, the number of hotel units in the graded accommodation sector grew by 26% between 2005 and 2016, mainly in the USA. While strong post-recession gains appear to be cooling off, the hotel sector is projected to sustain strong 6% growth throughout2018, setting up the industry to hit a record-breaking $170 billion in gross bookings (Eurostat, 2017; Ting, 2017; Dakung & Maimako, 2016; World Tourism Statistics, 1997). With the 2012 Olympic Games, London remains a strong hotel market. Munich and Moscow‟s hotel markets continue to be top performers, experiencing high percentage competitiveness in hotel values compared to other European markets in 2013. For instance, Moscow is achieving an average of US$344,355 per room, well above the European average of US$240,307 over the past year (Roth & Fish bin, 2014). To increase their presence in high-growth markets, the international hotel chains are increasingly venturing into Africa. These international hotel chains‟ development pipeline in Africa is in Nigeria, with a total of 49 hotels and 7,470 rooms (Dakung & Maimako, 2016; Ward, 2013). This has led to the nation‟s tremendous economic growth in the hospitality industry especially in the early 2000.
Railways and Manufacturing Productivity in Italy after Unification

This paper contributes to the debate on the effects of transport infrastructure endowment on productivity by adding a historical perspective. This allows us to address the issue in a proving ground where the effects of the existing stock of infrastructure are negligible. At the time of unification, the Kingdom of Italy initiated a large infrastructure project to build railways. We find that railways had a positive effect on manufacturing productivity over the period 1871–1911. Railways also had strong spillover effects in neighboring provinces so that provinces that started with a higher endowment of railways benefited more than those who were newly endowed.
Feasibility Study of Ultrasonic De-Icing Technique for Aircraft Wing Ice Protection

Flight in icing conditions brings significant safety risks due to aircraft aerodynamic performance reduction, stability and controllability deterioration, failures, mechanical damages. For reliable operation in icing conditions active antiicing/de-icing systems are needed, which entail at the present time considerable on-board power consumption, additional weight, installation or maintenance difficulties and other drawbacks. Moreover, a lot of incidents still appear due to inflight icing. Nowadays, it is a high demand for efficient and reliable de-icing techniques. Recent studies presented hybrid and non-thermal in-flight ice protection methods with potentials to be more advantageous, including ultrasonic de-icing technique. In this paper, the feasibility study with semi-hard lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ultrasonic Langevin-type transducer was carried out. The theoretical model explaining ice detaching mechanism with applied ultrasonic guided wave propagation theory was described. The verifying experiment was conducted to prove feasibility of de-icing. Prospects for further research were given. Keywords—aircraft wing de-icing; ultrasonic de-icing; ice protection system; piezoelectric transducer
Hop distance–based bandwidth allocation technique for elastic optical networks

Elastic optical networks (EON) have emerged as a solution to the growing needs of the future internet, by allowing for greater flexibility, spectrum efficiency, and scalability, when compared to WDM solutions. EONs achieve those improvements through finer spectrum allocation granularity. However, due to the continuity and contiguity constrains, distant connections that are routed through multiple hops suffer from increased bandwidth blocking probability (BBP), while more direct connections are easier to form. This paper proposes HopWindows, a novel method that strategically allocates bandwidth to connections based on their hop distance. This new algorithm applies masks that control the range of frequency slots (FSs) allocated to each n‐hop connection. Furthermore, a new network metric is introduced, the normalized bandwidth blocking probability (normalized BBP). Utilization of this metric ensures increased fairness to distant connections. Extended simulation results are presented which indicate that the proposed HopWindows method achieves a superior performance over the well‐known FirstFit algorithm. The proposed algorithm may achieve a decrease in bandwidth blocking probability of up to 50%.
Investigating social networks of older Singaporean learners: a mixed methods approach

ABSTRACT Lifelong learning is regarded as an important channel in promoting active engagement in later life for aging societies. While most studies depict older learners as a group resilient to engaging in lifelong learning, few have addressed the impacts of their social networks on their participation. Drawing on the nationwide lifelong learning program in Singapore, the study explores the extent older Singaporean adults’ social networks influence their involvement in learning courses and illustrates how those networks matter to their motivations. A mixed methods approach consisting of two network instruments (Name Generator and Position Generator) and in-depth interviews based on 30 older Singaporeans (between 50 and 79 years old) were employed. The findings demonstrated that primary family members (spouse and children) were key discussants for older learners, but the narratives showed only children were key supporters. For female learners, husbands’ support could be limited. Such a gender difference was revealed in overlap networks among couples, with male learners receiving greater positive support from their wives. Furthermore, the results showed that single or widowed learners had more non-kin members and diverse network resources, which reflect in their discourses of being highly motivated and active in spreading news of courses. To conclude, the study delivered deeper understandings of how diverse social contexts influence older learners’ motivations. Future research shall continue to focus on variations of network characteristics and network resources to improve the understanding of how significant others and accessible network resources provide social support or opportunities for older learners.
Knowledge and awareness of Breast & Cervical cancer among women aged 15 to 35

In both the developed and the developing world, Breast & Cervical cancer are the most common cancers among women. It has become a high risk for the Asian women. In Bangladesh the number of breast & cervical cancer patients is increasing day by day. The aim of our study was to evaluate the knowledge practice and preventive measures of breast & cervical cancer among the general women in Bangladesh. This study is done by collecting data among women aged 1535 (n=360) containing different questions and then those data was analyzed by using Microsoft excel. Majority of them were educated (35%). Heard about breast cancer (77%) & about cervical cancer (72%). Risk factors knowledge in my study, majority of the participants 92.90% recognized genetic factor, followed by 81.29% recognized oral contraceptive use. 80.64% recognized alcohol consumption Majority of population (n=360 ) said that mass media (65.28 %) is the largest source from where they get an information of breast & cervical cancer. Majority of them know about the treatment method of both type of cancer ,where 35.83% chose surgical, 8.61% chose radio therapy,26.67% chose chemotherapy. Among them majority of participants identified genetic factor(92.90 %), 50.96% recognized smoking, 76.12% recognized radiation to the chest, 80.64% recognized alcohol consumption, 81.29% recognized oral contraceptive use, as a risk factor of breast cancer and 89.70% of the participants said family history, 91.17% know about hormonal contraception use as risk factor for cervical cancer. In addition, 41.67 % heard of breast self exam knowledge and only 19.16% of the population said they heard about PAP test which is done for cervical cancer screening test. In this study, findings showed that knowledge & awareness and practice of Breast & Cervical cancer in Bangladesh is still inadequate among women both illiterate and literate. The present situation can become more devastating if early attention is not given. Thus, more educational programs, conferences, public awareness program should be designed to provide comprehensive information and awareness on breast & cervical cancer as it is an alarming issue.
The financial burden of imaging tests conducted in the emergency department of a teaching hospital: a brief report

Objective: Each imaging technique has a special application and usage, and should be used in the right situation. Physicians choose the type of imaging technique by considering the type of tissue and the benefits and disadvantages of the imaging method as well as its financial burden on the patient. The aim of this study was to estimate the cost of imaging tests performed in the emergency department (ED) of an educational hospital and determine their financial burden on both the patients and the healthcare system of the country. Methods: This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional single-center study was conducted in Shohadaye Tajrish, an educational hospital, during one year. The study population consisted of all patients who had undergone some type of imaging (CT scan, ultrasound, radiography, magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) in the ED. The information was collected using a predesigned checklist. The costs of a variety of imaging methods for patients referred to the ED were calculated using different types of accounting units and PACS system. Results: The number of patients who visited the ED of the studied hospital during a one year period was 63507. The total cost of performing different types of imaging methods in the studied center throughout the one-year target period was 44018695695 Rials (≃$US 423745) (59.27% of which was spent on CT scan, 16.09% on ultrasound, 13.75% on plain radiography and 10.87% on MRI). Conclusion: According to the collected data, the total cost of radiology was 44018695695 Rials. The highest cost was related to CT scan modality, and the lowest belonged to MRI.
Guideline Use in Asthma Management in Primary Care Settings: A Systematic Review

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that is characterized by reversible airway obstruction due to hyper-responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree. The condition disproportionately affects male children, females, and the aged globally, and its prevalence keeps rising despite being a preventable condition in terms of relapse. Most asthmatic patients receive care in primary care settings. Various health agencies have developed asthma management guidelines to improve the quality of asthma care; however, in some cases, adherence to these guidelines is substandard. The overarching aim of this study was to determine whether primary care providers manage asthma in line with the available guidelines. A qualitative systematic review was conducted by searching for journal articles published between 2005 and 2016 relating to guideline use in primary care management of asthma. Twenty-nine primary studies evaluating adherence to asthma management guidelines were included. The collected data were analyzed through thematic data analysis techniques, and various themes emerged with regard to the research questions. Generally, the findings suggest that there is a mismatch between what is needed by patients/caregivers and what is currently provided by primary care providers (PCPs) in primary care settings and that asthma management guidelines are only partially followed or not used. Emerging themes were classified into 3 main categories: physician-, patient-, and institution-related barriers. The study provides recommendations on how adherence to asthma management can be improved. Guideline Use in Asthma Management in Primary Care Settings: A Systematic Review
Is Music Therapy Effective At Reducing Pain In Fibromyalgia Patients

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective evidence based medicine (EBM) review is to determine whether or not music therapy is effective at treating pain in fibromyalgia patients. STUDY DESIGN: This is a systematic review of three primary studies that were peer-reviewed published between the years of 2013-2016. DATA SOURCES: Two randomized control trials and one cross-control study evaluating if music therapy is affective at treating pain in fibromyalgia patients. Data sources obtained for this review were found using PubMed Database. OUTCOMES MEASURED: The outcome measured was the effectiveness of music therapy at reducing pain in fibromyalgia patients. Outcomes were measured via the verbal rating scale and visual analog scale. RESULTS: The studies by Alparslan et al and Onieva-Zafra et al found that music therapy was effective at reducing pain in fibromyalgia patients when compared to a control group that underwent no intervention. In the study by Garza-Villarreal et al patients experienced a reduction in pain following music therapy as opposed to the control group listening to white noise who did not experience a reduction in pain. Statistical significance (p<0.05) was found in the reduction of pain in the intervention group for all three studies. CONCLUSIONS: All studies evaluated in this EBM review showed that music therapy can be effective at treating pain in fibromyalgia studies.
African American Student Persistence at a Predominantly White Institution

Persistence in college among African American students continues to remain low compared to persistence among White students. Often, the focus in examining this issue has been on institution-wide retention efforts, which can ignore socio-cultural elements that can influence the decisions of individual students to persist at an institution; however, persistence may rely on a combination of institutional factors and socio-cultural elements. The purpose of this article is to present findings from a research project that highlight institutional factors and socio-cultural elements that influence the persistence of African American students at a predominantly White institution. The findings from focus groups with African American students suggest that they persist despite a “cold” campus climate and ongoing experiences with racism and prejudice at Southern State University [pseudonym].