Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oceanic Forcing of the Wintertime Low-Frequency Atmospheric Variability in the North Atlantic European Sector: A Study with the ARPEGE Model

Abstract The relationship between global sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and the North Atlantic–Europe (NAE) atmospheric circulation is investigated using an ensemble of eight simulations with the ARPEGE atmospheric global circulation model forced with prescribed SSTs over the 1948–97 period. The model mean state is first validated against NCEP reanalyses. The interannual SST-forced variability is then compared to the internal one using analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques. Both components are maximum in winter over the Northern Hemisphere and the associated potential predictability shows weak but significant values located over the Icelandic low (IL) and the Azores high (AH). The North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) is found to be the leading internal variability mode over the NAE sector as shown by principal component analysis of a control simulation with climatological SSTs. The noise imprint dominates the forced response estimated from the ensemble mean. The latter is related first to the El Nino–South.
Eye Fixations in Prediction of Recognition and Recau*

Eye fixations were recorded at viewing of picture-label stimuli presented under either recall or recogrution instructions; both retention tests were administered. Ss performed substantially better on the retention test of which they were informed, indicating differential encoding of the same stimuli in anticipation of test type. There was no correlation between recognition and recall of items, evidence that different information from the encoded stimuli was utilized in performing each test. Encoding strategies had no effect on how Ss regarded the stimuli, but viewing patterns were related to memory performance: More word fixations was associated with better verbal recall, while fewer picture fixations was associated with better recall and with better picture recognition. While it has been amply documented that recognition memory for pictures is remarkably good, little is known about the variables affecting picture memory. Recently, Loftus (1972) has presented evidence that picture recognition improves with the number of eye fixations at viewing. Furthermore, this variable appeared to underlie the effect of exposure time on recognition memory. Loftus suggested that information anout the picture is transferred to memory in discrete chunks, each corresponding to an eye fixation. The greater the number of information chunks, the greater the likelihood of correct recognition. has demonstrated that pictures are encoded into memory differently in expectation of recall than of recognition and that different information from the stimuli is used to pass each test. Ss perform better on that test, recognition or recall, for which they were prepared before viewing the stimuli, and there is virtually no correlation between recognition and recall of an item (Tversky, 1973). Ss expecting recognition access pictorial information more efficiently and those expecting recall access semantic information more efficiently, but both types of information are stored (Frost, 1972). Thus, efficacious encoding anticipates retrieval. The present experiment extends Loftus's technique to recall of pictures, as weil as recognition, in order to explore the relationships between eye fixation patterns (information chunks) and expected memory task Research under Contract F44620-67-C-0099 at the Vniversity of Oregon. The author wishes to express her appreeiation to Lois Robinson for her very devoted and enthusiastic assistance in da ta colleetion and analysis and to Charles Darley for his generous and able assistance in use of the eye camera apparatus. The author is indebted to Arthur W. Melton and to an anonyrnous reviewer for pointing to an error of interpretation in an earlier version of the paper. …
The water column as an attenuating factor of the UVR effects on bacteria from a coastal Antarctic marine environment

The effect of UVR on the viability of the culturable bacterial community fraction (CBC), and two of their isolated components (Arthrobacter-UVvi and Bizionia-UVps), was studied in the top few metres of the water column at Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica. Quartz flasks containing CBC from surface waters were exposed to solar radiation at depths of 0, 1 and 3 m. Similar experiments using UVps and UVvi isolates were performed. In some experiments interferential filters were used to discriminate photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), UV-A and UV-B. CBC from depths of 0, 10 and 30 m were also exposed to surface solar radiation. The deleterious effect of UVR was observed at the surface and at a depth of 1 m, but not at a depth of 3 m. Studies with interferential filters showed low bacterial viability values at depths of 0 and 1 m under both UVR treatments. However, under low radiation doses the effect attributed to UV-B was higher than that caused by UV-A. The surface CBC was more resistant to UVR compared with CBC from a depth of 30 m. The results showed that CBC inhabiting waters above the pycnocline (located at a depth of 5–10 m) are more efficiently adapted to UVR than are those from below the pycnocline. The impact of UVR on the marine bacterioplankton studied was only detected in the first metre of the stratified water column of Potter Cove, which has high levels of suspended particulate matter. These results support the evidence for a significant UVR-attenuating effect in the water column of this coastal Antarctic water.
Predictors of over-reporting HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in self-reported vs. biomarker data

Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) face a disproportionately high burden of HIV. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV acquisition, but adherence to PrEP among YMSM may be inadequate. Medication adherence may be assessed via biomarkers, which are expensive and invasive, or via self-report through Audio Computer Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI), which may result in over-reporting of adherence. In this paper we assess the potential of a new method of self-report, the Interactive Questionnaire System (iQS), in validly estimating true adherence rates. PrEP adherence among 167 YMSM aged 15 to 23 was measured via dried blood spot (DBS), ACASI, and iQS twice over a 24-week study period. Both ACASIand iQS-reported data revealed that over 40% of individuals self-reporting adequate PrEP adherence had DBSestimated drug levels indicating inadequate adherence. Adjusted logistic repeated measures random intercept regression analyses indicated that younger YMSM had higher odds of overreporting adherence than older YMSM – each one year increase in age was associated with 0.79 times the odds of over-reporting adherence (95% CI:0.63, 0.98; p-value=0.031), and being African American was associated with 3.22 times greater odds of over-reporting than non-African Americans (95% CI:1.51, 6.90; p-value=0.0003). These results suggest that ACASI and iQS methods of self-report significantly overestimate true PrEP adherence rates among YMSM, and that the odds of over-reporting adherence may be affected by both age and race. Contact information: Zoë Baker, Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Box 951772, Los Angeles, California 90095, zoebaker@ucla.edu, 310-382-0968, 310-206-6039 (fax). CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS: ETHICAL APPROVAL: All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. INFORMED CONSENT: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. HHS Public Access Author manuscript AIDS Behav. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2019 April 01. Published in final edited form as: AIDS Behav. 2018 April ; 22(4): 1174–1183. doi:10.1007/s10461-017-1958-4. A uhor M anscript
Ecotourism in Nicaragua

Between the years of 1990 and 2000, the number of tourists increased with more than hundred percent globally, and more than three hundred percent in Nicaragua. Further, this industry contributes to eleven percent of the gross domestic product of the world and is, from an economic point of view, regarded as one of the biggest industries worldwide. However, tourism often conveys negative secondary effects on the local environment and contributes to unfair use of local cultures for commercial purposes. To avoid this, the concept of ecotourism has evolved. Ecotourism is a type of tourism that strives to respect local communities and sustainable use of the resources. A common definition of the movement is stated by the International ecotourism society; "Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people". Ecotourism has recently been established in Datanli – El Diablo, a natural reserve located between the cities of Matagalpa and Jinotega, in the north of Nicaragua. Due to this, investigations and communications with local communities are now crucial. The goal of this thesis was to investigate possible changes in the vegetation of the cloud forest, which may be due to impacts of ecotourism. Inventories of the vegetation close to two walking trails were carried out during October to December, 2006. The surveys resulted in calculation of species richness and distribution.
The Middle Ordovician to Early Silurian voyage of the Dashwoods microcontinent, West Newfoundland; based on new U/Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological, and kinematic constraints

The Dashwoods microcontinent is an important tectonic segment in the peri-Laurentian setting of the Newfoundland Appalachians. In order to better understand the tectonic history of Dashwoods during the Ordovician Taconic orogeny, we have undertaken field mapping, microscopic studies, and U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological studies along the northern (Little Grand Lake Fault; LGLF) and western (Baie Verte Brompton Line - Cabot Fault Zone; BCZ) boundaries. Oblique-dextral ductile deformation in the BCZ occurred from late Middle Ordovician into the Early Silurian, based on the presence of a late syn-tectonic pegmatite dike (455 ± 12 Ma) and a foliated granodiorite sheet (445.8 ± 0.6 Ma). Deformation is coeval with oblique-sinistral accretion along the eastern margin of Dashwoods, which means that Dashwoods and its Notre Dame Arc had a southward translation with respect to the Laurentian margin and the then-present Iapetus Ocean during the Late Ordovician. Dextral movement along the BCZ continued after the collision of Dashwoods with the Laurentian margin. Deformation along the Little Grand Lake Fault is bracketed between 463 ± 5 Ma and 440 ± Ma. These ages combined with other geological arguments indicate that motion probably took place during the Late Ordovician to earliest Silurian contemporaneous with the southward translation of Dashwoods. A possible explanation is that the Snooks Arm arc moved independently from and faster southwards than the Notre Dame Arc with its Dashwoods infrastructure, thereby underthrusting the Dashwoods along the Little Grand Lake Fault. Our new U-Pb geochronological data, including a muscovite granite (463 ± 5 Ma), a schistose muscovite granite (459 +17/-21 Ma), and a tectonized tonalite (458 ± 20 Ma), add to the geochronological database of the voluminous second phase of the Notre Dame Arc. Additionally, in all-but-one of our U-Pb samples, inherited grains of Mesoproterozoic (circa 1.0 Ga) age have been obtained. Their regional presence fortifies the possible relationship of the Dashwoods microcontinent with the Long Range Inlier in western Newfoundland. Furthermore, it introduces a potential link with the Blair River Inlier in Cape Breton Island.
Planning and decision making about the future care of older group home residents and transition to residential aged care.

BACKGROUND Planning for future care after the death of parental caregivers and adapting disability support systems to achieve the best possible quality of life for people with intellectual disability as they age have been important issues for more than two decades. This study examined perceptions held by family members, group home staff and organisational managers about the future of older residents and the decisions made that a move to residential aged care was necessary. METHODS Grounded Dimensional Analysis was used to guide data collection and analysis by an interdisciplinary research team. Three sets of interviews over a period of 18 months were conducted with a family member, house supervisor and the programme manager for each of seventeen older group home residents in Victoria. For the eight people for whom it was decided a move was necessary and the six who eventually moved focussed questions were asked about the decision-making process. RESULTS While plans for lifelong accommodation in a group home proved unfounded, key person succession plans were effective. However, decisions to move to a residential aged care facility where necessary were made in haste and seen as a fait accompli by involved family members. CONCLUSIONS Although family members take seriously their mandate to oversee well-being of their older relative, they have little knowledge about their rights or avenues to safeguard untimely or inappropriate decisions being made by professionals.
COMBINED FORAMINIFERAL AND THECAMOEBIAN ENVIRONMENTAL RECONSTRUCTION FROM AN ISOLATION BASIN IN NW SCOTLAND: IMPLICATIONS FOR SEA-LEVEL STUDIES

The sedimentary sequence preserved in the isolation basin at Loch nan Corr (NW Scotland) represents a high resolution record of environmental changes over the last 9.5 ka (virtually the entire Holocene). The final isolation of the basin from the sea is recorded over a 6 m sediment sequence lasting c. 7000 years as the rock sill of the basin passes through the intertidal zone. This isolation is due to relative sea-level fall associated with isostatic rebound from the melting of the Last Glacial Maximum ice sheet. Combining faunal counts of foraminifera and thecamoebians from the same sample preparations allows an accurate reconstruction of sea-level and environmental changes at this site over the Holocene. This study shows the potential for isolation basins in mesotidal areas to provide a series of sea-level index points from a single isolation contact thus improving the ease and accuracy of sea-level reconstructions. Biostratigraphic data improve our understanding of the ecology of foraminifera in these relatively unstudied rock-enclosed lagoonal ecosystems. It seems likely that Miliammina fusca can tolerate the generally low and highly variable salinities in these lagoonal settings more readily than any other foraminiferal species.
Cold‐Water Corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep‐Sea Coral Habitats

cold-water corals: the biology and geology of deep-sea cold water corals the biology and geology of deep sea cold water corals the biology and geology of deep sea cold water corals the biology and geology of deep sea cold water corals the biology and geology of deep sea cold water corals the biology and geology of deep sea the biology, ecology and vulnerability of deep-water coral cold-water coral biodiversity a-z reefs of the deep: the biology and geology of cold-water the biology of coral reefs biology of habitats series cold water corals the biology and geology of deep sea history and research approaches cold water corals the biology and geology of deep sea cold-water or deep-sea corals institut océanographique cool corals noaa ocean explorer geo-biology of mediterranean deep-water coral ecosystems chapter 6 ecosystems and climate change springer 10.7 growth and respiration of the scleractinian cold ethnic labels latino lives identity and the politics of abstract college of charleston deep sea corals and paleoclimate: where do they live, and analysis of potential deep coral habitats within submarine kindle the biology of coral reefs biology of habitats a johnson handbook trupin grade 10 geography question paper of june teleip the biology of coral reefs (biology of habitats series) pdf historical geology pdf book best seller directories geo-biology of mediterranean deep-water coral ecosystems dsc pc1555 user manual english teleip seas for life’ bbk applied engineering geology laboratory manual jupw feature article bulletin limnology and oceanography aslo news system level test and validation of hardware software systems commentary trawling exerts big impacts on small beasts principles of internet marketing amazon s3
High temporal resolution GOES sounder single field of view ozone improvements

A new total column ozone (TCO) algorithm for Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) Sounder data has been evaluated with the collocated 17 months (May 1998 through September 1999) Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) measurements and GOES‐8 Sounder ozone retrievals. The new GOES ozone algorithm retrieves hourly TCO over the Continental United States (CONUS) to an accuracy of about 4.6% root mean square error (RMSE) as compared with previous algorithm accuracy of about 5.8%. The GOES TCO bias adjustment is also investigated and applied; both seasonal and latitudinal variations were found in the bias. Results show that bias correction is effective when applied to GOES TCO retrievals. OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) data from the Earth Observing System Aura platform were used to validate the new algorithm. Good agreement was found between OMI and GOES‐12 single field‐of‐view (SFOV) TCO. The improved GOES TCO product is now available in real‐time for various applications.
Characterization of motor patterns in isolated human colon: 7 are there differences in patients with slow transit 8 constipation ?

62 63 The patterns of motor activity that exist in isolated full length human colon have not 64 been described. Our aim was to characterize the spontaneous motor patterns in 65 isolated human colon and determine if these patterns are different in whole colons 66 obtained from patients with slow transit constipation (STC). The entire colon 67 (excluding the anus), was removed from patients with confirmed STC and mounted 68 longitudinally in an organ bath approximately 120cm in length, containing oxygenated 69 Krebs’ solution at 36 o C. Changes in circular muscle tension were recorded from 70 multiple sites simultaneously along the length of colon, using isometric force 71 transducers. Recordings from isolated colons from non-STC patients, revealed 72 cyclical motor complexes (CMCs) in 11 of 17 colons, with a mean interval and half 73 duration of contractions of 4.0 ± 0.6min and 51.5 ± 15s, respectively. In the remaining 74 6 colons, spontaneous irregular phasic contractions occurred without CMCs. 75 Interestingly, in STC patients robust CMCs were still recorded, although their CMC 76 pacemaker frequencies were slower. Intraluminal balloon distension of the ascending 77 or descending colon evoked an ascending excitatory reflex contraction, or evoked 78 CMC, in 8 of 30 trials from non-STC (control) colons, but not from colons obtained 79 from STC patients. In many control segments of descending colon, spontaneous 80 CMCs consisted of simultaneous ascending excitatory and descending inhibitory 81 phases. In summary, CMCs can be recorded from isolated human colon, in vitro, but 82 their intrinsic pacemaker frequency is considerably faster in vitro compared with 83 previous human recordings of CMCs in vivo. The observation that CMCs occur in 84 whole colons removed from STC patients suggests that the intrinsic pacemaker 85 mechanisms underlying their generation and propagation are preserved in vitro, 86 despite impaired transit along these same regions in vivo.
Effect of Horizontal Component Definition on the Characterization of Vertical Ground Motions: Application to Eastern Canada

In this article, ground motions recorded on rock sites in eastern Canada are studied in order to characterize their vertical acceleration components. Emphasis is placed on the sensitivity of vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratios to: (i) inter-component intensity correlations and (ii) the use of geometric mean horizontal components at each site instead of considering them individually. Four different definitions of horizontal components are investigated. Vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratios are compared with the findings of other researchers. We illustrate how the results can be used to evaluate vertical acceleration demands on rock sites in eastern Canada.
TRADITIONAL FARMING PRACTICES AND WASTEWATER IRRIGATION FARMING IN PERIURBAN, ZAMBIA

Studies on urban and peri urban agriculture in Zambia have not adequately tackled issues pertaining to farming practices in wastewater irrigation farming. The investigated the farming practices in relation to heavy metal contaminated wastewater irrigated farming at two peri urban areas in Zambia. The method comprised observation of crop cultivation activities at field plots located at intervals along transects established in the stratified land zones at the two study sites namely New Farm in Mufulira and Chilumba Gardens in Kafue. The results revealed that farming practices were characterised by traditional land management farming practices and traditional multiple cropping systems which were influenced by a combination of agro ecological factors as well as availability of heavy metal contaminated wastewater which has the potential to contaminate soils and crops. The farming practices were based on adaptation of traditional production systems to peri-urban wastewater irrigation farming which confirmed the results from other developing countries.
A Concise Compilation of Petrologic Information on Possibly Pristine Nonmare Moon Rocks

Ansrn.q. cr To facilitate systematic study of the surviving compositionally pristine (endogenously igneous) rocks of the ancient lunar crust, a compilation has been generated of all likely samples, along with key information on the petrologic characteristics and chemistry of each sample. The compilation includes 260 samples. Besides information related to the likelihood of each sample being truly pristine (i.e., mainly its texture and siderophile element abundances), information is compiled on mineral content, listing major phases present as well as basic information on mineral compositions, on size (expressed as mass), and on whether a reasonably comprehensive chemical analysis has been published. The compilation also classifies the samples into seven categories of confidence in the pristine composition of the samples, reflecting an estimation of the relative likelihood that each arguably pristine sample is in fact pristine. For many purposes, it is crucial to avoid inclusion of polymict rocks in a data base. On petrologic diagrams such as a plot of average Mg' [Mg' : 100 x molar Mg/(Mg + Fe)] in a low-Ca mafic silicate vs. average An content in plagioclase, rocks in the top three categories of the confidence in pristine character appear distinctly bimodal in composition, with roughly half belonging to a ferroan suite characterized by high An despite relatively low Mg'. When samples of low to moderate pristine character are included, the bimodality appears less distinct. Sample mass can also be important. With a data base restricted to samples more massive than I g, there is a clear distinction in feldspar content and bulk density between ferroan and nonferroan (Mgsuite) rocks, such that only the ferroan-suite rocks are likely to have formed as flotation cumulates. With a data base including smaller samples, the same basic pattern is seen, but only in a blurred form, as the two rock types show considerable overlap in their modal feldspar contents.