Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
prevent the growth of high-risk t(4;11) acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells engrafted into a NOD/SCID mouse model.

In this study, the efficacy of orally and parenterally administered curcumin was evaluated in non-obese diabetic̸severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice (NOD.CB17-Prkdc scid /J mice) engrafted with the human t(4;11) acute lymphoblastic leukemia line, SEM. SEM cells were injected into the tail vein and engraftment was monitored by flow cytometry. Once engraftment was observed, the chemotherapeutic potential was examined by injecting mice intraperitoneally with curcumin (5 mg̸kg body weight) dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or DMSO alone (control) every other day, or vincristine (0.5 mg̸kg body weight) 3 times per week for 4 weeks (n=16 per group). The intraperitoneal administration of curcumin did not inhibit the growth of the leukemia cells. To determine the efficacy of oral curcumin, mice were fed a control diet or a diet containing 0.5% w/w curcumin 3 weeks prior to the injection of the leukemia cells and throughout the experimental period (n=16 per group). To determine whether dietary curcumin can enhance the efficacy of a conventional chemotherapeutic agent, vincristine was injected intraperitoneally into leukemic mice fed the different diets. Dietary curcumin did not delay the engraftment or growth of leukemia cells, or sensitize the cells to vincristine. acute lymphoblastic leukemia. and hepatocarcinogenesis (11) in animal models. Dietary curcumin has been reported to inhibit the metastasis of human breast cancer to the lung in immunodeficient mice (12,13). Curcumin administered orally at 100 and 20 mg̸kg body weight has been reported to increase the survival of Balb̸c mice with erythroleukemia induced by infection with Friend murine leukemia virus
Practices of Intellectual Capital Disclosure by the Selected Firms of the Dhaka Stock Exchange Limited

: The main objective of this study is to measure the level of intellectual capital (IC) disclosure practices by the firms from different industries listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange. Actually, intellectual capital is the prime for every firm, because it runs the physical assets of a firm. This IC consists of internal capital, external capital and human capital. But these prime assets are not reported in the annual report adequately or properly. But it can be a fixed, distinguishing advantage for the firm. The Content analysis method is used in this study. An unweighted disclosure index, with 65 IC items, has been developed. The Sample covers 10% firms in 11 industries. As the source of data the corporate annual reports of the companies for the years 2019-2020 were used in this study. The average disclosure score of internal capital, external capital and human capital is 61%, 56% and 61% respectively. So, the average disclosure score of the sample companies are 59%. The regression results show that size, profit and leverage have a positive influence on intellectual capital disclosure.
PEFR IN DECANNULATION OF TRACHEOSTOMIZED PATIENTS

Introduction : The weaning of tracheostomized patients off their mechanical ventilation dependency through decannulation is often a fundamental procedure. However, it is a common occurrence for a decannulation procedure to fail. As much as there are various protocols for carrying out decannulation, none of these has been accepted as conventional. Importantly, it is useful to undertake the assessment of particular patient parameters prior to carrying out the process of decannulation. One such assessment is the measurement of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the significance of the PEFR in decannulation of tracheostomized patients. Methods : An experimental approach was carried out in this study involving 50 patients who had been tracheostomized and were due to undergo decannulation at the at King Abdul Aziz medical city in Jeddah. All the 50 patients underwent the highest peak expiratory flow rate measurement using a flow meter before decannulation was carried out. Results : Out of the 50 patients who all luckily yielded normal PEFR values, 47 underwent successful decannulation while only three was decannulation unsuccessful. The findings showed that PEFR is a significant assessment parameter that can be employed in the decannulation of tracheostomized patients. Conclusions : The flow meter is a significant device that can be used to measure PEFR in tracheostomized patients before decannulation can be carried out. Its use in the measurement of PEFR is more likely to grant critical findings that can grant guidance on the extent of success of the decannulation procedure.
Livestock Resource Potential and Constraints in Somali Regional State, Ethiopia

: Somali region state is located in the South East parts of Ethiopia and it is the second largest region among the nine regions that are found in the country. The society lives in a very fragile environment, that deficits in moisture, high ambient temperature, with extremely sandy and acidic soils that are not used for normal crop production. The Somali Regional States (SRS) is characterized by pastoral and agro-pastoral livestock production system and the livelihood of the society is entirely depending on from livestock and livestock products. The families live from the milk of their herds, the meat of animals, which is occasionally slaughtered during wholly days, grain and other food bought with money earned from the sale of small ruminants and animal products. The Somali Region is crossed by different rivers flowing in to Somali Region towards the Somali Republic that can be used for irrigation. The various types of livestock population that are found in the different area of the region is clearly described on (Table 1). Hence, the region has numerous problems and constraints that are manifested by natural, human as well as topographic factors are the bottle neck for livestock development in the region.
The Performance of a Zirconium-based Root-Filling Material with Artifact-Reduction Properties in the Detection of Artificially Induced Root Fractures Using Cone Beam CT Imaging

Objectives: To describe a novel technique for characterizing beam hardening artifact (BHA) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT); and to evaluate the influence of the Zirconiumbased (Zr) root filling material using CBCT in the detection of artificial root fractures (RF). Material and Methods: The palatal root canals of three phantom teeth were root-filled and subjected to CBCT imaging. The light and dark components of the BHA were quantified. 176 mandibular premolar teeth were divided between Zr and GP. RFs were induced in 44 teeth of each group. All samples were subjected to CBCT images. The images were evaluated by 6
The Policy Recommendations Improving Lecturers'working Motivation At Public Universities In Vietnam

In 2021, the complicated situation of the Covid-19 epidemic had seriously affected all aspects of life. In particular, the pandemic has harmed the education industry. Besides, the role of the academic staff is critical, which determines the quality of higher education. However, each university has different educational goals and requirements, training professions, and occupations with unique characteristicsalike.Moreover, motivating the teaching staff is an essential task of university leaders. This article presents the survey results on creating motivation for academic staff at public universities in Vietnam. The survey used a combination of questionnaires for800 lecturers at public universities in Vietnam. The results showed that five factors affect the work motivation of lecturers: income, job characteristics, training and promotion opportunities,relationship with colleagues, and work environment. Based on the results, the authorshadthe policy recommendations improved lecturers' working motivation at public universities in Vietnam in the following years.
Heterologous expression of a plastid EF-Tu reduces protein thermal aggregation and enhances CO<sub>2</sub> fixation in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) following heat stress

Heat stress is a major constraint to wheat production and negatively impacts grain quality, causing tremendous economic losses, and may become a more troublesome factor due to global warming. At the cellular level, heat stress causes denaturation and aggregation of proteins and injury to membranes leading to alterations in metabolic fluxes. Protein aggregation is irreversible, and protection of proteins from thermal aggregation is a strategy a cell uses to tolerate heat stress. Here we report on the development of transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum) events, expressing a maize gene coding for plastidal protein synthesis elongation factor (EF-Tu), which, compared to non-transgenic plants, display reduced thermal aggregation of leaf proteins, reduced heat injury to photosynthetic membranes (thylakoids), and enhanced rate of CO2 fixation after exposure to heat stress. The results support the concept that EF-Tu ameliorates negative effects of heat stress by acting as a molecular chaperone. This is the first demonstration of the introduction of a plastidal EF-Tu in plants that leads to protection against heat injury and enhanced photosynthesis after heat stress. This is also the first demonstration that a gene other than HSP gene can be used for improvement of heat tolerance and that the improvement is possible in a species that has a complex genome, hexaploid wheat. The results strongly suggest that heat tolerance of wheat, and possibly other crop plants, can be improved by modulating expression of plastidal EF-Tu and/or by selection of genotypes with increased endogenous levels of this protein.
Sexuality and fertility of young women suffering from breast cancer

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor among women in the world. In Poland, it is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women between the age of 25 and 44. The course of the disease in young women is more aggressive. As a result more aggressive anti-cancer therapies are used. BC treatment is associated with the occurrence of numerous adverse effects and long-term complications. Among them, sexuality and fertility disorders deserve special attention in the group of young patients. The aim of this study is to review on the occurrence of sexual dysfunction and fertility disorders among young patients suffering from BC. The impact of BC treatment on the occurrence of these disorders has been analyzed. This review emphasizes also possible methods of sexual dysfunction and potential options of fertility protection which may be used in women who want to get pregnant after the end of the treatment. This review is based on available data from medical publications and guidelines from 1987 to 2019, addressing issues of sexuality and fertility in young patients with breast cancer. Young patients suffering from BC experience a variety of sexuality and fertility disorders. Sexual dysfunction includes among others: reduced libido, dyspareunia and difficulty in reaching an orgasm. The reason of the deterioration of the quality of sexual life is complex. Among the emotional factors, the most important role is played by changes in appearance, such as hair loss or breast amputation. Organic causes include dryness or loss of vaginal elasticity. The risk of fertility disorders is primarily associated with the use of cytotoxic drugs, causing premature ovarian failure and inducing amenorrhea. Chemotherapeutic agents with the highest risk of gonadotoxicity are alkylating drugs. Oncofertility is a branch of medicine combining oncology and reproductive medicine. Fertility protection of women who desire bearing a child after treatment is possible thanks to various methods of preservation. These include cryopreservation of embryos and oocytes, ovarian suppression with the use of GnRH analogs, ovarian transposition, freezing and transplantation of ovarian tissue. The most recommended method is embryo cryopreservation at present. Available data suggest no increased risk of cancer recurrence due to pregnancy in women after BC treatment.
Effects of Board Structure on Firm Performance: A Comparison between Consumer Discretionary and Material Industries in Sri Lanka

: he study examines and compares the relationship between board structure and firm performance, using data obtained from 40consumerdiscretionary and 40materials sector companies in Sri Lanka. In this study there are four variables of board structure used: board size, female directors’ ratio, independence directors’ ratio and director’s experience. The purpose of this study is to analyse the effectiveness of board structure and its influence on firm performance in both industries from a comparative perspective to see whether industry classification matters. The statistical analysis provides evidence that there are strong differences in the board size between consumer discretionary and materials sector whereas there is still a lack of female directors in highest-level positions either consumer discretionary or materials industry. The results also reveal that a significant and positive relationship between board size and ROA of consumer discretionary sector companies. For materials sector companies, board structure variables are positively related to ROA and ROE. These findings suggest that a difference between consumer discretionary and materials sector is smaller than might have been expected based upon the differences in the level of industry operations.
PLANTS DEFICIENT

Potassium is important in the growing of fine tobacco. Not only is it the nutrient removed from the soil in the greatest quantity, but it is essential for the vigorous growth of the plant (3). Potassium is also more important than any other element in producing good combustion of the dried leaf (1) and is necessary for choice aroma (5). This value of potassium to the finished tobacco product has a curiously paradoxical aspect, for it has long beeln assumed that much of the importance of this element to any plant lay in its relation to carbohydrate synthesis or translocation. But the type of tobacco grown in the Connecticut Valley is low in carbohydrates, especially starch. Consequently, there is a special interest in the problem of the relationship of potassium to the formation of starch in tobacco plants. It was the aim in this study, as in much recent work, to test the leaves soon after the effects of potassium deficiency had been definitely established but well before the plant had died from lack of this element. From preliminary trials with tobacco, it appeared that seedlings started in soil, transplanted to sand, and treated with a nutrient solution, could be grown normally with the usual elongation of the internodes; or that similar plants, treated in a like manner except for the absence of potassium, would show evidence of a lack of this element during the latter part of the vegetative period. Methods Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacurm, var. Rosenberg) 2 was germiniated and grown in quantity in sandy soil until the seedlings were about two inches tall with four small leaves, from 9 to 15 weeks depending upon the season.
Cross bridge-dependent activation of contraction in cardiac myoﬁbrils at low pH

Cross bridge-dependent activation of contraction in cardiac myoﬁbrils at low pH. Am. J. Physiol. 276 ( Heart Circ. Physiol. 45): H1460–H1467, 1999. —Striated muscle contracts in the absence of calcium at low concentrations of MgATP ([MgATP]), and this has been termed rigor activation because rigor cross bridges attach and activate adjacent actin sites. This process is well characterized in skeletal muscle but not in cardiac muscle. Rigor cross bridges are also thought to increase calcium binding to troponin C and play a synergistic role in activation. We tested the hypothesis that cross bridge-dependent activation results in an increase in contractile activity at normal and low pH values. Myoﬁbrillar ATPase activity was measured as a function of pCa and [MgATP] at pH 7.0, and the data showed that, at pCa values of $ 5.5, there was a biphasic relationship between activity and [MgATP]. Peak activity occurred at 10–50 µM MgATP, and [MgATP] for peak activity was lower with increased pCa. The ATPase activity of rat cardiac myoﬁbrils as a function of [MgATP] at a pCa of 9.0 was measured at several pH levels (pH 5.4–7.0). The ATPase activity as a function of [MgATP] was biphasic with a maximum at 8–10 µM MgATP. Lower pH did not result in a substantial decrease in myoﬁbrillar ATPase activity even at pH 5.4. The extent of shortening, as measured by Z-line spacing, was greatest at 8 µM MgATP and less at both lower and higher [MgATP], and this response was observed at all pH levels. These studies suggest that the peak ATPase activity associated with low [MgATP] was coupled to sarcomere shortening. These results support the hypothesis that cross bridge-dependent activation of contraction may be responsible for contracture in the ischemic heart.
Impact of Internal Factors on Profitability of Deposit Money Banks

: This Study examined the impact of internal factors on profitability of banks in Sub Saharan (SSA) as its key objective. Specific objectives are evaluation of the impact of: board composition with more nonexecutive directors, employee productivity and capital base on return on assets of the banks. Panel data for the period 2004-2016 on selected banks from six SSA countries were used. The data were analyzed with panel data multiple regression technique under Fixed Effects model as indicated by Hausman test. Findings revealed among others that the three independent variables have positive significant impact on return on assets. Also, the three variables indicate positive significant correlation with the return on assets while employee productivity exhibits equally positive significant relationship with board composition. The Study therefore, concludes that internal factors have positive significant impact on the profitability of deposit money banks in SSA. Based on the conclusion, it is recommended among others that deposit money banks in SSA should compose their board of directors in such a mix that ensures that number of nonexecutives directors is more than executive directors and that they should put in place measures to motivate their employees for greater productivity which leads to higher profitability.
Imaging subcellular localization, interactions and delivery of Agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence proteins in planta

Agrobacterium tumefaciens can genetically transform plants by transferring a piece of DNA into the host cell. To facilitate the transformation process, in addition the virulence proteins VirD2, VirD5, VirE2, VirE3 and VirF are translocated into the plant cell. In this Chapter several characteristics of these virulence proteins were studied in planta to complement the observations made in yeast as described in Chapters 2 and 3. Upon expression of YFP-VirE2 in Arabidopsis protoplasts we observed filaments similar to those found in yeast. These filaments were disrupted by addition of the microtubule depolymerization reagent oryzalin. It has been shown that in a yeast two hybrid assay VirE3 interacts with the plant specific general transcription factor pBrp and the importin Impα-4 (García-Rodríguez et al ., Nucleic Acids Res. 2006, 34:6496). With a Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assay we validated this interaction by showing that, similarly as in yeast, in Arabidopsis protoplasts VirE3 interacts with pBrp and Impα-4. In Chapter 3 the translocation of virulence proteins from Agrobacterium to yeast was visualized. Using the split GFP system, we visualized the delivery of virulence proteins VirD2, VirD5, VirE2 and VirF into the cells of tobacco leaves.
Neuroprotective Effects of A Novel Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibitor, 2-{3-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl] propyl}-4(3H)-quinazolinone (FR255595), in an in vitro Model of Cell Death and in Mouse MPTP Model of Parkinson’s Disease

The massive activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) by DNA-damaging stimuli, such as exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS), can lead to cell injury via severe, irreversible depletion of the NAD and ATP pool, and PARP-1 inhibitors have been expected to rescue neurons from degeneration in a number of disease models. We have recently identified FR255595 (2-{3-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl] propyl}-4(3H)-quinazolinone) as a novel and potent PARP-1 inhibitor through structure-based drug design and high throughput screening. This compound potently inhibited PARP activity with an IC 50 value of 11nM and was orally active and highly brain penetrable. Here we show that prevention of PARP activation by FR255595 protects against both ROS-induced cells injury in vitro and MPTP-induced nigrostriatal dopaminergic damage in an in vivo Parkinson’s disease (PD) model. In cell death models in vitro , exposure of hydrogen peroxide induced cell death with PARP overactivation in PC12 cells and SH-SY5Y cells, and pre- and post-treatment with FR255595 (10 -9 M to 10 -5 M) significantly reduced PARP activation and cell death. In mice MPTP model, MPTP (20mg/kg, i.p.) intoxication lead to PARP activation and cell damage in the nigro-striatal dopaminergic pathway, which was significantly ameliorated by oral administration of FR255595 (10-32 mg/kg), both in the substantia nigra and in the striatum via marked reduction of PARP activation, even with delayed-treatment. These findings clearly indicate that the novel PARP-1 inhibitor FR255595 exerts neuroprotective effect through its potent PARP-1 inhibitory actions in PD model, suggesting that the drug could be an attractive candidate for several neurodegenerative disorders including PD. cell nuclear extracts as described above. PARP activation was determined by PARP-1 enzyme assay using nuclear extracts as a mixture of PARP-1 enzyme and nicked DNA. Polymer Western blots: Western blot analysis of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymer was performed using PC12 cells lysates. Samples containing 20mg protein were loaded, separated on a 5-20% of polyacrylamide gel and transferred to a nitrocellurose membrane. The membrane was incubated with anti-poly (ADP-ribose) polyclonal antibody and stained with Ponceau S (0.1%) to confirm equal loading and transfer. After blocking of nonspecific sites by a 10% of non-fat dry milk in PBS for 30 min, membranes were incubated with rabbit anti-poly (ADP-ribose) polyclonal antibody. Bands were visualized by chemiluminescence.