Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supplementary material to "Long-term fluxes of carbonyl sulfide and their seasonality and interannual variability in a boreal forest"

Abstract. The seasonality and interannual variability of terrestrial carbonyl sulfide (COS) fluxes are poorly constrained. We present the first easy-to-use parameterization for net COS forest sink based on the longest eddy covariance record from a boreal pine forest, covering 32 months over 5 years. Fluxes from hourly to yearly scales are reported, with the aim of revealing controlling factors and the level of interannual variability. The parameterization is based on the photosynthetically active radiation, vapor pressure deficit, air temperature, and leaf area index. The spring recovery of the flux after the winter dormancy period was mostly governed by air temperature, and the onset of the uptake varied by 2 weeks. For the first time, we report a significant reduction of ecosystem-scale COS flux under large water vapor pressure deficit in summer. The maximum monthly and weekly median COS uptake varied 26 and 20 % between years, respectively. The timing of the latter varied by 6 weeks. The fraction of the nocturnal uptake remained below 21 % of the total COS uptake. We observed the growing season (April–August) average net flux of COS totaling −58.0 gS ha−1 with 37 % interannual variability. The long-term flux observations were scaled up to evergreen needleleaf forests (ENFs) in the whole boreal region by the Simple Biosphere Model Version 4 (SiB4). The observations were closely simulated by using SiB4 meteorological drivers and phenology. The total COS uptake by boreal ENF was in line with a missing COS sink at high latitudes pointed out in earlier studies.
Immunotherapy for the treatment of penile intraepithelial neoplasia associated with human papilloma virus type 16 using topical imiquimod and human papilloma virus vaccination

Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) is frequently associated with human papilloma virus (HPV). Three cases of PeIN associated with HPV‐type 16 were successfully treated with topical imiquimod and concurrent HPV vaccination. Human papilloma vaccine protects against oncogenic human papilloma viruses. In New Zealand, a decline in incidence of PeIN is anticipated with the recent funding of human papilloma vaccine for boys and young men aged 9–26 years. Therefore, HPV vaccination may have a role for treatment of PeIN and prophylaxis.
In vitro radiosensitization by eribulin in human cancer cell lines

Background The objective was to to determine the radiosensitizing properties of eribulin and the potential mechanisms of radiosensitization in cervical (HeLa) and pharyngeal (FaDu) cancer cell lines. Materials and methods Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the crystal violet method. The 10% and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC10, IC50) for 24-hour drug exposure were determined. The surviving fraction at 2 Gy (SF2) and the sensitizer enhancement ratio (SER) were calculated from radiation cell survival curves in the presence or absence of eribulin. Combination index (CI) was calculated to determine if there is a true synergistic interaction between eribulin and irradiation. Cell cycle changes were assessed by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Apoptotic cells were detected by annexin V and TUNEL-assay. Results Mean IC50s and IC10s were 1.58 nM and 0.7 nM and 0.7 nM and 0.27 nM for HeLa and FaDu cells, respectively. Radiosensitization was observed in both lines with a SER up to 2.71 and 2.32 for HeLa and FaDu cells, respectively. A true synergistic effect was showed with a CI of 0.82 and 0.76 for HeLa and FaDu cells, respectively. Eribulin induced significant G2/M cell arrest and marked apoptosis. Irradiation combined with 3 nM eribulin increased the apoptotic response to radiation in Hela cells. Conclusion Eribulin shows a true in vitro radiosensitizing effect in HeLa and FaDu cells by inducing significant G2/M phase arrest. In HeLa, the enhancement radiation-induced apoptosis could be an additional mechanism of radiosensitization. Further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical benefits of concurrent eribulin and radiotherapy as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer.
How does trust affect help-seeking for Depression in Russia and Australia?

Background: Depression is a major contributor to the global burden of disease that affects more than 300 million people worldwide. Cross cultural studies find that culture influences levels of trust which can impact upon an individual’s likelihood to seek psychological help when experiencing Depression. Aims: Help seeking is essential for improved mental health outcomes. This study aims to consider how trust affects help-seeking as well as examine the differences in stigma and social distance between participants in Russia and Australia. Method: Participants consisted of two separate samples from Australian (n = 229) and Russia (n = 259) which were recruited based on a vignette of a diagnostically unlabelled psychiatric case history with Depression using a cross-cultural research design. They completed items on the level of trust in health professionals, stigma and endorsement of help-seeking. Results: Findings suggest that trust can predict the endorsement of seeking help from a psychologist. Moreover, trust was lower for participants in Russia compared to those in Australia for mental health professionals. Participants in Russia had higher levels of stigma and social distance than their counterparts in Australia. Overall, participants in Australia were more likely to seek professional help than those in Russia. Conclusions: Trust can predict the endorsement of help-seeking from mental health professionals cross culturally. Barriers to help-seeking such as stigma continue to negatively affect mental health outcomes, particularly in Russia.
16.3: Flexible Liquid Crystal Displays with Fine‐Width Polymer Walls and Self‐Assembled Monolayer Alignment

Flexible liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are regarded as one of the most promising candidates to achieve flexible displays. In this paper, we proposed a novel technique to fabricate flexible LCDs combining polymer walls (PWs) and self‐assembled‐monolayer(SAM). The PWs with fine morphology and line‐width (about 20 µm) were fabricated to keep uniform cell gap and provided a larger aperture opening ratio for flexible LCDs. Alignment by alkyl trichlorosilane(TS) SAM was achieved at room temperature. In this way, general flexible substrates could be used for flexible LCDs. This work is promising for the manufacture of flexible LCDs.
The Impact of Marital Status on Work Hours: A Quantitative Study of European Labor Market from Gender Perspective

This article examines the effects of marital status to the gender gap in employment hours. This article uses linear regression analysis with data from the European Social Survey Round 8. Stata/SE 16 is used to analyze the data collected from 18 European countries to explore the research questions. Previous literatures identify some determinants of work hours such as demographic characteristics, the division of household labor, job characteristics, and country-level determinants (e.g., welfare state, work-hour regulations, family policies, part-time labor force participation etc.), but there are few studies on marital status as determinant of work hours. This article finds that there is an interaction among marital status and work hours to the different levels of gender. This article shows that there is a gender inequality in the European labor market, where men’s work hours are more than women’s work hours. Unmarried women work less hours than any other studied categories of marital status (e.g., married, divorced).
5.1: Invited Paper: Preferred LCD and OLED Luminance In Daily Tasks Is Affected By Ambient Lighting and Age

Preferred display luminance varies in relation to visual demand, image contrast, and ambient illumination. OLED is known to have a higher contrast ratio at a lower luminance output, and is more energy efficient at a lower luminance compared to LCD. To assess the preferred luminance in OLED and LCD in varied ambient lighting conditions, 48 young and older subjects were asked to perform reading, spreadsheet search, and videos viewing. They pre‐selected a preferred luminance level and then reassessed it after a 2‐min session for these tasks to arrive at a preferred luminance. Results show OLED has a lower preferred luminance compared to LCD, especially in bright viewing. Older viewers maintained a similarly higher luminance preference in dark and bright conditions, whereas young viewers preferred a lower luminance in dark viewing but not bright viewing. Conversely, pupil size was smaller in older viewers and in the bright condition. Image qualities were also better for the OLED, except brightness range and color vividness. These outcomes suggest lower OLED luminance is beneficial across age groups, ambient lighting, and task types, and can reduce energy consumption.
MANAGER’S SOCIAL INFLUENCE ON AGGRESSION MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATIONAL COMMITMENT

The purpose of this study is to investigate manager’s social influence on the relationship between aggression management and organisational commitment using cross-sectional survey. Accessible population of five manufacturing companies operating in Enugu state was surveyed. One hundred and ninety six participants completed the instrument but only one hundred and eighty two were returned and found valid for analysis. Face validity was used to determine the validity of instrument used. Cronbach α was used to determine the reliability of the instrument. Frequency distribution and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient were used to conduct the analysis. Result of the study revealed that aggression management has positive significant relationship with organisational commitment. On the other hand, manager’s social influence positively and significantly moderates the relationship between aggression management and organisational commitment. The study concludes that aggression management measured in terms of self-control and punishment enhances organisational commitment. The implication of this study is that managers, policy makers and human resource professionals should use their social influence in handling aggressive behaviour in the workplace so as to increase the commitment of their subordinates which will in turn increase profitability, growth and expansion of the organisation.
EVALUATION OF THE CLINICAL, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF INGUINAL HERNIA

Abdominal wall hernias are frequently encountered in surgical practice accounting for 15% - 18% of all surgical procedures. Worldwide, more than 20 million hernias are operated per year. Lifetime risk of developing inguinal hernia is 15% - 27% in men and 3% in women. Itscommonly performed general surgical procedure that constitute more than 95% of all groin hernia repairs. However, in developing countries, quite a considerable percentage of it is not repaired or delayed repaired and that lead to a higher incidence of morbidity and mortality. Objective: To evaluate the clinical, epidemiological profile and associated risk factors for inguinal hernia. Methodology: This observational study was conducted among 100 patients during March 2019 to March 2020 who admitted in the surgery department of a General Surgeryfor inguinal hernia surgery. All the study subjects were examined and their clinical and epidemiological profiles studied, tabulated and analyzed. Results: Among the 100 patients, most of them (94%) were men with an age of 57.02 Â± 12.87, farmer (36%) by occupation.61% patients were in low sacio-ecenomic status. Most of the patients (60%) were in the age group of 40-60 years followed by less than 30 years (21%). on query regarding symptoms of inguinal hernia, all of them (100%) complaints of groin swelling. more than half of the patients complaints of groin pain and sensation of heaviness in groin. On clinical examination, right sided, left sided, bilateral hernias were found in 49%, 45% and 6% study patients respectively. Direct hernias, indirect, pantaloons hernias were seen in57%, 30%, 7% study patient respectly. Most of hernias (81%) were reducible and were incomplete (88%). Most of the patients (75%) presented late to the health care center due to the lack of awareness of the disease and were initially treated by homeopath medicine. During query about risk factors for inguinal hernia, 46% patients were more than 50 years of age and 26% patients were smoker. Total open procedure was 93% and laparoscopic hernia repairs were done only in 7% patients. Conclusion: In this study, we found that male are more affected than male. Right sided and direct hernia is more common. Most of the patients from low socio-ecenomic condition and main risk factors are old age, smoking, lifting heavy objects prostatism and constipation. Most common hernia repair procedure were Lichtensteinsprocedure.
Why Chinese travelers use WeChat to make hotel choice decisions: A uses and gratifications theory perspective

ABSTRACT WeChat, a Chinese multi-purpose messaging, social media, and mobile payment app, is an emerging social media platform that has been integrated into the daily lives of Chinese people, including travel. However, despite the growing proliferation of WeChat, surprisingly, little attention has been paid to the gratifications obtained by Chinese travelers when using WeChat in travel-related decision-making. Adopting the well-grounded Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT), this exploratory research paper aims to address this void in prior literature and identify why and how Chinese millennial travelers use WeChat to make hotel choice decisions. Findings stemmed from the semi-structured interviews using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling approaches with eighteen WeChat users reveals that hotel choice decisions through WeChat are influenced by various social, process, and content gratifications. As indicated in our findings, hotels in China should be aware of gratifications obtained by travelers in stimulating them to utilize WeChat in the hotel selection process. Further, our study contributes to extant UGT literature by emphasizing that it has specific relevance and should be given more prominence within tourism, hospitality, and social media literature.
In-vitro Anti-inflammatory Activities of Extract of the Leaves of Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre

Aim: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre leaf. Study Design: Red blood cell Membrane stabilization, anti-lipoxygenase and proteinase inhibitory activities of the extracts were assayed in-vitro as a measure of anti-inflammatory potential of Sphenocentrum jollyanum leaf. Methodology: Aqueous, ethanol extracts and the secondary metabolites were extracted using standard techniques. Inhibitory effect of the extracts on erythrocytes membrane stabilization, trypsin and lipoxygenase ( in vitro ) were used to assess anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf. The reactions were performed in triplicates and changes in optical density of test samples and control were measured using a 96-well micro plate reader Spectra Max 384 plus (Molecular Devices, USA) and inhibition were calculated. Results: The result of extraction showed that the aqueous and tannin rich extract has the highest yield of 27.50 and 12.00 grams of the crude and secondary metabolites rich extracts respectively. The aqueous extract and saponin rich faction demonstrated the highest dose dependent erythrocyte membrane stabilizing potential among the crude and secondary metabolites rich extracts. It was also observed, that the aqueous extract exhibited a significant (P>0.05) dose dependent lipoxygenase inhibitory activities with IC 50 of (637 μg/ml) when compared with other extracts. It was observed in the proteinase inhibitory assay, that the ethanol and tannins rich fraction exhibited the maximum inhibitory potential with IC 50 (840 and 1810 μg/m) among the crude and factions respectively. However, the standard drugs demonstrated the strongest anti-inflammatory activities in all the assays.
Abundance and Distribution of the Forest Cockroaches in Different Algerian Ecosystems

Forests have many insect species that are unique to biodiversity and play a crucial role in the functioning of ecosystems. Forest cockroaches are the best example of forest litter insects, which also help decompose fallen leaves. The composition of the Blattoptera fauna can vary from one region to another, depending on the habitat and numerous biotic and abiotic factors In order to study the diversity, abundance, and distribution of forest cockroaches in different Algeria ecosystems, we have selected four sites from three Wilayas: Senalba (Djelfa), Ain achir (Annaba), Seraidi (Annaba), and Lehnaya (El-taref). These sites are classified into two distinct forest groups (Pinus halepensis and Quercus canariensis). In all areas, the samples were collected each month manually, starting from April 2019 until March 2020. We have collected 1231 individuals of cockroaches and describe eight species from all locations: Loboptera ovolobata (Bohn, 1991), Loboptera decipiens (Germar, 1817), Ectobius kervillei (Bolivar, 1907), Dziriblatta nigriventris (Chopard, 1936), Dziriblatta stenoptera (Chopard, 1937), Phyllodromica zebra (Rhen, 1903), Dziriblatta sp. (Chopard, 1936) and some Ectobius (Stephens, 1835) specimens have not yet been identified. With 51% L. decipiens was the most abundant species, followed by L. ovolobata with 27%. Despite that, the number of larvae was substantially higher than the number of adults in all forests examined. However, the abundance and biodiversity of cockroaches in the Djelfa forest were greater than those of the other woods. This study made it possible to characterize the diversity and dynamics of cockroach species populations in different Algerian ecosystems according to diverse Mediterranean forests.
Impact of gender on access to finance in developing countries

ABSTRACT This paper studies the effect of female ownership on access to finance on a broad panel of developing countries. We find that female owners generally face more credit constraints compared to their male counterparts, however, such constraints are lower for women-owned firms that have an experienced senior management. We further show that with better institutional and policy environment in a country, women-owned firms face fewer credit constraints. Our findings remain robust when tested across a sample of small and medium enterprises (hereinafter SMEs) and other sensitivity tests.
Fractional order PID sliding mode control for speed regulation of permanent magnet synchronous motor

This paper proposed a fractional order PID sliding mode control (FOSMC-PID) for speed regulation of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Fractional calculus has been incorporated in sliding mode controller (SMC) design to enhance chattering suppression ability. However, the design of fractional sliding surface is crucial to ensure that speed tracking accuracy is not jeopardized. The proposed controller is designed with a fractional order PID sliding surface, which balances the characteristics of sliding surface with PI or PD structure in terms of robustness and dynamic performance of the controller. By simulation, speed tracking is proven to be faster and more robust with the proposed controller compared to SMC with integer order. Both integration and derivative terms in the surface design outperform FOSMC-PI and FOSMC-PD in terms of disturbance rejection and chattering. Experimental validation proves the advantage of the proposed controller in terms of robustness.
Practical Colorimetry of 3‐Nitro‐1,2,4‐Triazol‐5‐One

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 Abstract: A field ready colorimetric method of quantifying the concentration of aqueous 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), several orders of magnitude below its environmental toxicity level, has been developed. The test allows for the immediate evaluation of the level of contamination in aqueous solution without the need for analytical equip-ment such as high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The observed colours have been explained by the different NTO species present over the range of pH; these observations are supported by modelling and experimental results.
The Impact of Academic Titles of Board Member and Directors Over the Performance of Companies Traded at B3

Previous studies show that the academic qualification of directors affects the performance and risk of companies. However, such evidence is based on a restricted set of information regarding the academic background and scientific output of directors. In this paper we investigate whether the academic titles of directors and board members impact the performance of publicly traded companies. The sample comprises 133 non-financial companies, from 2010 to 2018, consolidating information extracted from the financial exchange and the Lattes platform. Our results show that academics are more common on large boards of publicly controlled companies. Overall, the estimation results do not provide convincing evidence for the impact of academics over corporate performance. However, particularly, we see that only the presence of doctors with degrees obtained abroad affects positively the profitability and negatively the risk of the studied companies. Other academic attributes of the board impacted companies’ risk but not their profitability.
Do masks matter? Consumer perceptions of social media influencers who wear face masks amid the COVID‐19 pandemic

Abstract The rapid spread of COVID‐19 brought about an increased use of face masks among the general public. Focusing on disposable surgical masks in particular, this article examines consumer perceptions of and intentions toward social media influencers who wear such masks amid the pandemic. Drawing on the theory of product symbolism, this research experimentally demonstrates that masked (vs. unmasked) influencers remind consumers of highly competent healthcare professionals, leading in turn to greater competence inferences about and more favorable behavioral intentions toward these influencers. Additional analysis demonstrates that this effect might not hold for other groups of professionals who are considered relatively competent at the outset and/or whose profession is less reliant on external cues. Overall, this research suggests that apart from curtailing the spread of the pandemic, mask wearing might prove beneficial to certain groups of professionals, such as social media influencers, who have traditionally struggled to establish credibility. In a broader context, this research establishes mask wearing as a new form of nonverbal communication that warrants further examination.
Supporting educator well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case study of leadership in early childhood education and care organisations

The goal of this qualitative study was to understand the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on early childhood educators’ well-being in Australia and to identify strategies for supporting educator well-being throughout this crisis. Data were gathered using a multi-site case study with five Senior Managers or CEOs of early childhood education and care organisations. Using elite interviews, participants were asked how the pandemic impacted educator well-being and what strategies their organisations implemented to support educator well-being. Guided by a phenomenological framework, thematic analysis was used to interpret the interviews. Participants reported that educator well-being was negatively impacted by exposure to physical risk, fear and anxiety, financial stress and feelings of betrayal. Participants reported supporting educator well-being through crisis-planning, increased and focused communication, support for physical safety, well-being resources and programmes, and advocacy for and recognition of educators’ contributions to society. Implications for critical incident planning in ECEC are discussed.