Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Opportunities, Challenges and Recommendations of Non-Traditional Placements for Occupational Therapy Students: A Review of The Literature

Many studies have been conducted to test the effectiveness and functionality of non-traditional placements in place of traditional clinical placements. This review aims to explore the opportunities and challenges in conducting a non-traditional placement among occupational therapy students and provide recommendations to improve the practice. The EBSCOhost search engine was used to search through three databases for articles ranging within 10 years. A secondary search was done and several additional references were found through other sources. A total of 10 articles were included in this review. The review found that many opportunities could be gained from non-traditional placements in terms of professional development, personal growth and potential role development. The challenges arise in the development of core clinical and professional skills, supervisory model and implementation of the placement. In conclusion, occupational therapy students can benefit from non-traditional placement despite the challenges in its implementation. Careful planning and proper strategies are important to mitigate challenges and thus enhance the efficiency of a non-traditional placement in students’ clinical placement.
Tahfiz Al-Qur`an Learning Management of Integrated Islamic Early Childhood Education

This research aims to describe and analyze the tahfiz Al-Qur'an learning management of Integrated Islamic Early Childhood Education. The study employed a qualitative descriptive multi-site design approach, collecting data through interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis consisted of two stages: site-specific data analysis and cross-site data analysis, using the Miles & Huberman model analysis technique. The validity of the data is examined through data triangulation. The research findings regarding the management of tahfiz Al-Qur'an learning of Integrated Islamic Early Childhood Education include: 1) Planning for tahfiz Al-Qur'an learning of Integrated Islamic Early Childhood Education is tailored based on the curriculum of each school, generally covering memorization targets, strategies, methods, learning schedules, and tahfiz Al-Qur'an programs for a specific period; 2) Implementation of tahfiz Al-Qur'an learning of Integrated Islamic Early Childhood Education can be conducted both classically and individually, by special tahfiz Al-Qur'an teachers or class teachers who also serve as memorization teachers. Generally, the stages of activities carried out are similar, including initial activities such as repetition of memorization, core activities such as adding tahfiz Al-Qur'an, and closing activities such as recalling newly memorized verses for the day, along with recitation of tashdiq and/or kafaratul majelis prayers; 3) Evaluation of tahfiz Al-Qur'an learning is conducted by tahfiz Al-Qur'an teachers in three time periods: daily evaluation, monthly evaluation, and semester evaluation. The evaluation system involves students submitting their memorization to the memorization teacher. Evaluation tools include achievement books/daily communication books, monthly report sheets, and report books for semester evaluations.
EVALUATION OF THE GROWTH OF Vibrio natriegens STRAINS IN A MEDIUM CONTAINING CHITIN DERIVATIVES AND SHRIMP SHELL HYDROLYSATE

Chitin from crustacean waste can be the future substrate for bioindustry towards the circular economy concept, especially for countries having large production of sea products like Vietnam. However, the chemical conversion of chitin into monomers implies high amounts of NaCl in a mixture with glucosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine, and acetate. Thus, a bacterial strain that can tolerate high salt concentration, and use chitin monomers as the sole carbon source such as Vibrio natriegens holds great potential in producing bioproducts from chitin derivatives. In this study, V. natriegens strains 10.3 and N5.3 isolated from Vietnam were compared with the reference strain V. natriegens DSM 759 for their growth performances in medium containing separately glucose and chitin monomers. Strain N5.3 showed the best growth rate among the 3 tested strains, exceptionally in medium containing glucosamine with nearly 1.5 times faster than strains 10.3 and DSM 759. Strain N5.3 cultured in bioreactor at 30 g/L NaCl indicated growth rate ranging from 0.614 to 0.881 h -1 in medium containing glucose, glucosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine, and shrimp shell hydrolysate. The formation of acetate was observed during the exponential growth of strain N5.3 in medium with glucose and N-acetyl glucosamine but not in medium with glucosamine or shrimp shell hydrolysate. The faster growth of all tested strains on N-acetyl glucosamine compared to glucosamine suggested metabolism of these substrates of V. natriegens similar to Eescherichia coli
The Routledge Handbook of Embodied Cognition

Problem solving has been a rich area for psychology. Nearly all major cognitive phenomena occur in the context of problem solving, including memory search (Hélie and Sun, 2010), analogical mapping (Gick and Holyoak, 1980), reasoning (Thibodeau and Boroditsky, 2011), association (Grabner et al. , 2009), abductive inference (Langley, Laird, and Rogers, 2009), and priming (Slepian, Weisbuch, Rutchick, Newman, and Ambady, 2010), as well as many social phenomena, such as group facilitation (Liker and Bókony, 2009) and inhibition (Diehl and Stroebe, 1987) e ﬀ ects. In a sense, problem solving provides us with a microcosm of the key issue for psychology, “ How does an organism successfully engage in goal-directed action? ” Indeed, if we had a fully worked out theory of problem solving, it would provide a foundation on which to build theories of cognition. Currently, however, psychology and cognitive science place little emphasis on problem solving as a major area in the ﬁ eld, although posing problems to organisms, typically humans, is the stock-in-trade of experimental psychologists. Most studies in psychology pose a problem to their participants, in the form of task instructions and constraints, with the hope that participants will solve the problem using the processes the researcher wishes to study. Missing from current practice is a theory (or even a reasonable hypothesis) about how an organism could con ﬁ gure itself into some novel spatio-temporal structure in a way that accomplishes a novel task. Of course, we recognize that experimental tasks might be considered graded in terms of their
Sampling Signers in Providence Island: Reflections on a Small-Scale Documentation Project

Providence Island Sign Language is an indigenous sign language of Colombia, used in the Caribbean Island of Providence (Spanish: Providencia). First described in the 1960s and 1970s, the sign language has received little follow up research. In this paper I introduce a small-scale documentation project of PISL that began in 2019 and is ongoing. I describe the aim, methods and output of this project and reflect on data collection, particularly with respect to sampling members of the language community. This paper contributes to the ongoing discussions around best practices in sign language documentation, by adding a case study focused on sampling in a micro-community sign language.
Cognitive Consequences of Perceiving Social Exclusion

Nutzungsbedingungen: Dieser Text wird unter dem "PEER Licence Agreement zur Verfügung" gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zum PEER-Projekt finden Sie hier: http://www.peerproject. eu Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Mit der Verwendung dieses Dokuments erkennen Sie die Nutzungsbedingungen an. Terms of use: This document is made available under the "PEER Licence Agreement ". For more Information regarding the PEER-project see: http://www.peerproject. eu This document is solely intended for your personal, non-commercial use.All of the copies of this documents must retain all copyright information and other information regarding legal protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the document in public. By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated conditions of use.
Characterizing infiltration and internal drainage of South African dryland soils

Surface infiltration and internal drainage properties of five soil types from arid drylands of South Africa were studied under double ring infiltrometer, rainfall simulation plots (1 m2) and instantaneous drainage plots (9 m2). Changes in soil water content during 40 minute rainfall simulation for a rainstorm with average intensity of 1.61 mm min−1 and 30 day drainage period were measured at various depths by 1.5 m long capacitance soil water measuring (DFM) probe. Different (P < 0.05) mean surface steady infiltration rate ranged from 0.05 to 4.47 mm min−1 and had a negative power relationship (R2 = 0.65) with horizon clay plus fine silt content. Power regression (R2 ≥ 86%) described rainstorm infiltration and obtained steady rates within an average time of 15 minutes. Mean total infiltrated soil water content was lowest (P < 0.05) from surface horizons with either 47.7% clay plus fine silt content or bulk density of 1.91 g cm−3 and exchangeable sodium of not less than 44 mg kg−1. Surface horizons with lower surface bulk density and total sand fraction of more than 72% had infiltrated depth and mean total infiltrated soil water content up to 40 cm deeper and 0.55 mm mm−1 greater, respectively. Drainage rate at drained upper limit calculated from the Wilcox drainage model (R2 ≤ 0.97%) was 0.2 mm day−1 or less were from underlying horizons with either clay plus fine silt of 45% or soft calcium carbonate. Higher drainage rate with accumulative drainage amount greater than 60 mm were from soil profile horizons with clay plus fine silt content of less than 20% and above unity steady infiltration rates. Rainstorm infiltration and drainage rates was shown to depend on permeability and coarseness of the respective soil surface and subsurface horizons; a phenomenon critical for harnessing rain and flood water to recharge groundwater. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
REVIEW Beyond Gaussian Statistical Modeling in Geophysical Data Assimilation

This review discusses recent advances in geophysical data assimilation beyond Gaussian statistical mod- eling, in the ﬁelds of meteorology, oceanography, as well as atmospheric chemistry. The non-Gaussian features are stressed rather than the nonlinearity of the dynamical models, although both aspects are entangled. Ideas recently proposed to deal with these non-Gaussian issues, in order to improve the state or parameter estimation, are emphasized. The general Bayesian solution to the estimation problem and the techniques to solve it are ﬁrst presented, as well as the obstacles that hinder their use in high-dimensional and complex systems. Approx- imations to the Bayesian solution relying on Gaussian, or on second-order moment closure, have been wholly adopted in geophysical data assimilation (e.g., Kalman ﬁlters and quadratic variational solutions). Yet, nonlinear and non-Gaussian effects remain. They essentially originate in the nonlinear models and in the non-Gaussian priors. How these effects are handled within algorithms based on Gaussian assumptions is then described. Statistical tools that can diagnose them and measure deviations from Gaussianity are recalled.Thefollowing advanced techniques that seek to handle the estimation problem beyond Gaussianity are reviewed: maximum entropy ﬁlter, Gaussian anamorphosis, non-Gaussian priors, particle ﬁlter with an en- semble Kalman ﬁlter as a proposal distribution, maximum entropy on the mean, or strictly Bayesian in-ferences for large linear models, etc. Several ideas are illustrated with recent or original examplesthat possess some features of high-dimensional systems. Many of the new approaches are well understood only in special cases and have difﬁculties that remain to be circumvented. Some of the suggested approaches are quite promising, and sometimes already successful for moderately large though speciﬁc geophysical applications. Hints are given as to where progress might come from.
Computer Vision Techniques for Damage Assessment from High Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

by Jim Thomas Techniques in post-disaster assessment from remote sensing imagery have been studied by different research communities in the past decade. Such an assessment benefits everybody from government organizations and insurance agencies to individual home owners. This work explores the application of existing and novel computer vision algorithms for an automated damage assessment caused by windstorm. The various subproblems studied include geometric and photometric correction, rooftop recognition and change classification based on textural differences. Past work done in this area by remote sensing, geoscience, civil engineering and image processing communities had established that the problems addressed in these areas were challenging and largely unsolved. The solutions proposed in this work are strongly motivated towards building a system capable of fast, robust and fine-grained damage analysis from aerial or satellite imagery. The algorithms introduced are thoroughly evaluated and compared with previous works. The results demonstrate that this work promises higher leaps in the field of automated damage classification and provides insights into the reliability of such analysis in real world scenarios.
Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation (RACE) Tool in Detecting Large Cerebral Vessel Occlusions; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Large vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes are linked to higher mortality rates and a greater risk of long-term disability. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation (RACE) tool in detecting LVO through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across online databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, up to June 25th, 2023. Additionally, a manual search on Google and Google Scholar was performed to identify studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of the RACE scale in detecting LVO among patients with stroke symptoms. Results: Data extracted from 43 studies were analyzed. The optimal cut-off points were determined to be 3 and 4, with a sensitivity of 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78, 0.91) and specificity of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.67) for cut-off ≥3, and a sensitivity of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.84) and specificity of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.75) for cut-off ≥4. Subgroup meta-regression analysis revealed significant variations in sensitivity and specificity. RACE scale’s sensitivity was significantly higher in LVO detection in suspected stroke cases, in pre-hospital settings, prospective design studies, and when considering both anterior and posterior occlusions for LVO definition. RACE scale’s specificity was significantly higher when evaluating confirmed stroke cases, in-hospital settings, and considering only anterior occlusions for LVO definition and retrospective design studies. Notably, RACE exhibited higher sensitivity and specificity when utilized by neurologists and physicians compared to other emergency staff. Despite these variations, our study found comparable diagnostic accuracy across different conditions. Conclusion: A high level of evidence indicates that the RACE scale lacks promising diagnostic value for detection of LVOs. A sensitivity range of 0.69 to 0.86 is insufficient for a screening tool intended to aid in the diagnosis of strokes, considering the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.
Cerebral perfusion in post-stroke aphasia and its relationship to residual language abilities

Abstract Stroke alters blood flow to the brain resulting in damaged tissue and cell death. Moreover, the disruption of cerebral blood flow (perfusion) can be observed in areas surrounding and distal to the lesion. These structurally preserved but suboptimally perfused regions may also affect recovery. Thus, to better understand aphasia recovery, the relationship between cerebral perfusion and language needs to be systematically examined. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate (i) how stroke affects perfusion outside of lesioned areas in chronic aphasia and (ii) how perfusion in specific cortical areas and perilesional tissue relates to language outcomes in aphasia. We analysed perfusion data from a large sample of participants with chronic aphasia due to left hemisphere stroke (n = 43) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 25). We used anatomically defined regions of interest that covered the frontal, parietal, and temporal areas of the perisylvian cortex in both hemispheres, areas typically known to support language, along with several control regions not implicated in language processing. For the aphasia group, we also looked at three regions of interest in the perilesional tissue. We compared perfusion levels between the two groups and investigated the relationship between perfusion levels and language subtest scores while controlling for demographic and lesion variables. First, we observed that perfusion levels outside the lesioned areas were significantly reduced in frontal and parietal regions in the left hemisphere in people with aphasia compared to the control group, while no differences were observed for the right hemisphere regions. Second, we found that perfusion in the left temporal lobe (and most strongly in the posterior part of both superior and middle temporal gyri) and inferior parietal areas (supramarginal gyrus) was significantly related to residual expressive and receptive language abilities. In contrast, perfusion in the frontal regions did not show such a relationship; no relationship with language was also observed for perfusion levels in control areas and all right hemisphere regions. Third, perilesional perfusion was only marginally related to language production abilities. Cumulatively, the current findings demonstrate that blood flow is reduced beyond the lesion site in chronic aphasia and that hypoperfused neural tissue in critical temporoparietal language areas has a negative impact on behavioural outcomes. These results, using perfusion imaging, underscore the critical and general role that left hemisphere posterior temporal regions play in various expressive and receptive language abilities. Overall, the study highlights the importance of exploring perfusion measures in stroke.
The Prostate

Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland The Quinism Foundation, White River Junction, Vermont Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
Sphere Face Model: A 3D Morphable Model with Hypersphere Manifold Latent Space

3D Morphable Models (3DMMs) are generative models for face shape and appearance. However, the shape parameters of traditional 3DMMs satisfy the multivariate Gaussian distribution while the identity embeddings satisfy the hypersphere distribution, and this conflict makes it challenging for face reconstruction models to preserve the faithfulness and the shape consistency simultaneously. To address this issue, we propose the Sphere Face Model(SFM), a novel 3DMM for monocular face reconstruction, which can preserve both shape fidelity and identity consistency. The core of our SFM is the basis matrix which can be used to reconstruct 3D face shapes, and the basic matrix is learned by adopting a two-stage training approach where 3D and 2D training data are used in the first and second stages, respectively. To resolve the distribution mismatch, we design a novel loss to make the shape parameters have a hyperspherical latent space. Extensive experiments show that SFM has high representation ability and shape parameter space's clustering performance. Moreover, it produces fidelity face shapes, and the shapes are consistent in challenging conditions in monocular face reconstruction.
Dynamic neutron imaging of solute transport and ﬂuid ﬂow in sandstone before and after mineral precipitation

Advances in micro-scale imaging techniques, such as X-ray microtomography, have provided new insights into a broad range of porous media processes. However, direct imaging of ﬂow and transport processes remains challenging due to spatial and temporal resolution limitations. Here, we investigate the use of dynamic three-dimensional neutron imaging to image ﬂow and transport in Bentheim sandstone core samples before and after in-situ calcium carbonate precipitation. First, we demonstrate the applicability of neutron imaging to quantify the solute dispersion along the interface between heavy water and a cadmium aqueous solution. Then, we monitor the ﬂow of heavy water within two Bentheim sandstone core samples before and after a step of in-situ mineral precipitation. The precipitation of calcium carbonate is induced by reactive mixing of two solutions containing CaCl2 and Na2CO3, either by injecting these two ﬂuids one after each other (sequential experiment) or by injecting them in parallel (co-ﬂow experiment). We use the contrast in neutron attenuation from time-lapse tomograms to derive three-dimensional ﬂuid velocity ﬁeld by using an inversion technique based on the advection-dispersion equation. Results show mineral precipitation induces a wider distribution of local ﬂow velocities and leads to alterations in the main ﬂow pathways. The ﬂow distribution appears to be independent of the initial distribution in the sequential experiment, while in the co-ﬂow experiment, we observed that higher initial local ﬂuid velocities tended to increase slightly following precipitation. These ﬁndings suggest that neutron imaging is a promising technique to investigate dynamics processes in porous media.