Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Science Teacher Questions’ Influence on the Students’ Talk Productivity: A Classroom Discourse Analysis Approach

It is still less known how teachers organize classroom dialog to foster intellectual contributions to classroom talks. The current study developed a coding scheme to clarify science teacher questions and identify how different questions affect students’ talk productivity. The participants were 28 fifth-grade students and a science teacher who conducted argument-based implementations. The verbatim transcriptions were analyzed through a systematic observation approach. The teacher elaborated on the students’ background reasoning in a metacognitive learning setting. In addition, the teacher assigned the students as co-evaluators of the credibility of the presented ideas. The teacher invited the students to re-consider their ideas’ explanatory power by displaying discrepant questions. Moreover, the students had to propose justified claims once they were requested to support their propositions with ample and proper data. The teacher used his questions to guide the students to handle basic process skills and make inferences regarding natural phenomena under consideration. The legitimating, discrepant, and justified talk questions fostered the students’ talk productivity than the eliciting, metatalk, process skills, and inference questions. Recommendations are offered around the teacher noticing term regarding the relationship between questions asked in science classrooms and students’ talk productivity.
Investigating the Relationship between Information Asymmetry and Political Communication with Investment Efficiency in Tehran Stock Exchange

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Political Communication and Information Asymmetry with the efficiency of investment in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. To achieve the above goal, two hypotheses were formulated. To test research hypotheses, a sample consisting of 109 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2014 to 2019 was selected. And a panel regression model based on composite data was used which has independent and dependent variables. The results of this study show that Political Communication has a negative and significant impact on Investment Efficiency, In contrast, Information Asymmetry has a positive and significant impact on Investment Efficiency, and this means that with increasing information asymmetry, investment efficiency increases. Therefore, political communications prefer corporate resources to pursue profitable investment options, thus altering corporate investment behaviors and reducing corporate investment efficiency. The results also show that Information asymmetry prevents investors from commenting on investment opportunities, thus allowing local managers to take advantage of profitable investment options.
“Extremely Creepy, but Nothing he did was Illegal”: Charging Patterns During Prearrest Screening

We examine an approach to case screening where prosecutors screen requests for charges before a felony arrest is made. In 2016, Franklin County prosecutors declined to authorize arrests in 17.5% of felony cases. Declination rates, however, varied widely between offense types. Prosecutors most commonly did not authorize an arrest due to insufficient evidence, no crime having occurred, or follow-up needed. Among other findings, the cases of Black defendants, as compared to White defendants, were more likely to be declined due to insufficient evidence and additional follow-up needed. We conclude that prearrest screening by prosecutors can filter out weak cases early, increasing efficiency for the prosecutor’s office, saving the government money, and minimizing the impact of a “bad” arrest on a defendant.
Prevalence, causes, and impact of self-reported vision impairment among older people in China: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

This article investigated the prevalence, causes, and impact of self-reported vision impairment among older people in China. A total of 12,910 participants aged ⩾50 years were included in this study from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) over the periods of 2011, 2013, and 2015. All data were reported by participants via a self-reported questionnaire. Distance vision was assessed by asking if they could see the face of a person on the other side of the street. Near vision was assessed by asking if they could read ordinary newspaper. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The analysis method included the χ2 – square distribution test and multiple regression analysis. This article first found that prevalence of self-reported vision impairment was much higher in rural than in urban areas; in urban areas, females had a greater chance of being affected than males, and for both sexes, it increases with increasing age. Second, some factors found are significantly associated with increased vision impairment rates, include increasing age, female gender, rural residents, elementary-level education, unmarried individuals, and non-agricultural occupations. Third, the leading cause of vision impairment was a refractive error and the most common causes of vision impairment include cataracts and glaucoma. Fourth, vision impairment was significantly associated with falls and depressive symptoms and has a negative effect on the quality of life of older Chinese. The article concluded that older people with self-reported vision impairment were relatively low and it is majorly caused by refractive error. Older people with distance vision impairment and near vision impairment were more likely to report falls and depressive symptoms in the future. In line with these findings, a couple of policy recommendations for further research were made.
Flaxseed and sunflower oil affect egg production and quality in hens exposed to stress

This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of flaxseed oil and sunflower oil supplementation on the production performance, egg quality, and egg sensory characteristics in laying hens under density stress. A totaly of 144 Atak-S hens were used. The animals were assigned into 2 groups as stressed and unstressed. These were allocated into three subgroups as those who were fed with basal diet, diets containing 2% sunflower oil, and 2% flaxseed oil. Density stress was applied to those in the stress group by providing an area of 357 cm2 per hen. Egg production performance, average egg weight and egg mass, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, Haugh unit, albumen height, yolk color and sensory carateristics of the eggs were measured. Flaxseed oil reduced egg production and egg mass in those who are unstressed. On the contrary, it increased egg production and egg mass in the stressed groups. Sunflower oil was found to increase the average egg weight and egg mass in all groups. It was observed that when sunflower oil was added to the diets of the stressed chickens, the yolk color index decreased. In addition, it was determined that the eggs of the nostressed hens taste better than the stressed chickens. It was determined that flaxseed oil added to the diets increased the sensory quality of the eggs in both stressed and non-stressed groups. Therefore, incorporation of flaxseed and sunflower oil into the diets of layer hens can be recommended.
Allocation of operational decisions in retail supply chains

Abstract We consider a supply chain where a single manufacturer sells multiple products via a single retailer who faces uncertain consumer demand for multiple variants in its assortment. First, we consider a model where the retailer is responsible for making assortment and stocking quantity decisions and bears the associated risks. Then, we consider a model where the retailer delegates assortment and stocking quantity decisions and the associated risks to the manufacturer. We investigate how delegation of operational decisions and associated costs impacts operational decisions and profitability of each member in the channel. Our findings suggest that delegation of operational decisions can lead to a win-win outcome for the retailer and manufacturer because delegation of operational decisions can serve as a tool to mitigate inefficiencies due to double marginalization in the channel.
The synergistic effect of probiotic and phytobiotic for improving growth performance and biological indices in broiler chickens

Application of phytobiotic, probiotic in poultry production can positive effect on performance, produce healthy protein sources for humans. In this study, the effects of one commercial probiotic, phytobiotic was evaluated on chicken performance. Totally, 300 chicks were divided into 4 groups that fed the basal diet, diet containing probiotic (Protexin), phytobiotic (AE), probiotic (Protexin) plus phytobiotic (AE) in all over the growing period. The growth indices were measured weekly, analyzed in 21, 42 days of age. At 42 days of age, blood samples were collected from all chickens. The concentration of liver enzymes, lipid profiles, antioxidant status were measured in blood samples. Results showed that the weight gain was significantly higher, FCR significantly lower in chickens received probiotic, or probiotic plus phytobiotic in comparison with chickens received phytobiotic, control chickens (p<0.05). Furthermore, addition of phytobiotic plus probiotic can significantly increase the activity of blood GPx, TAS with respect to chickens that received probiotic, phytobiotic, alone. The TG, CHL, LDL was lower, HDL was higher in chickens received phytobiotic or probiotic plus phytobiotic with comparison of chickens fed probiotic, control chickens (p <0.05). The level of AST, ALT, ALP show a significant decrease in chickens fed probiotic plus phytobiotic. In conclusion, continuous utilization of probiotic (Protexin) along with phytobiotic (Artichoke extract) in broiler diets can induce synergist effect on growth improvement, antioxidant capacity increasing, serum lipid reducing, liver function improvement in broiler chickens.
Homeland security research opportunities

Abstract Homeland security research has gone through a significant transformation since the events of September 11, 2001, and continues to evolve. This article identifies opportunities that the industrial engineering and operations research communities can seize. By drawing together insights from thought leaders in these communities, a path outlining research problems and discovery is provided that will serve to guide industrial engineering and operations research innovations and help move homeland security research forward over the next decade.
The relationship between family cohesion, family-work conflict, enrichment and psychological health of Indian police

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to test the influence of family cohesion on family-to-work conflict (FWC), family-to-work enrichment (FWE) and psychological health. The study also aims to investigate the impact of FWC and FEW on psychological health. The study uses conservation of resources theory as a theoretical base.Design/methodology/approachData came from frontline officers of Rajasthan police in India using a purposive sampling technique. The study utilizes Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling to test the proposed research model.FindingsThe findings reveal that family cohesion is a critical family resource that diminishes FWC and boosts FWE. The findings further demonstrate that FWE improves psychological health. Lastly, the study displays that FWE fully mediates the link between family cohesion and psychological health.Research limitations/implicationsThe male-dominated sample prevents evaluating gender differences in the proposed relationships. Generalizations to other cultures and contexts are limited. The findings of the study suggest that police administrators need to understand the family characteristics of officers and plan interventions to facilitate a cohesive family environment in the police.Originality/valueLittle is known about the family direction relationships (FWC and FWE) in work-family research. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to test a model of family cohesion, FWC, FWE and psychological health.
Experiences, Motivations, and Perceived Impact of Participation in a Facebook-Based Support Group for Caregivers of Children and Youth With Complex Care Needs: Qualitative Descriptive Study

Background Caregivers of children and youth with complex care needs (CCNs) often require considerable support to ensure the well-being of their families. Social media present an opportunity to better support caregivers through computer-mediated communication for social support. Peer-to-peer (P2P) support groups are a way in which caregivers are accessing needed support; however, the experiences of caregivers who use these groups and the perceived impact that participation has on caregivers of children and youth with CCNs are not known. Objective This study aimed to explore the experiences of caregivers of children and youth with CCNs who use a Facebook-based P2P support group to communicate, understand their motivations to use the group, and investigate its perceived impact on knowledge of programs and services and sense of community belonging among caregivers. Methods A qualitative descriptive design was used to explore the experiences and perceived impact of a Facebook-based (Meta Platforms) P2P support group for caregivers of children and youth with CCNs in New Brunswick, Canada. The group was launched on the web in October 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, and resulted in 108 caregivers joining the group. A web-based survey was distributed, and semistructured interviews were conducted in February 2021 with a subsample of members. Thematic analysis was used to identify and report patterns related to caregivers’ experiences and perceived impacts of participation. Results A subsample of members in the Facebook group completed the web-based survey (39/108, 36.1%) and interviews (14/108, 12.9%). A total of 5 themes emerged from the interviews: safe space, informational support and direction, web-based connection with peers, impact on knowledge of programs and services, and degree of community belonging. Participants reported joining the group to obtain geography-specific information support and connect with peers. Many participants reported an improvement in their knowledge of programs and services and felt connected to the community; however, the short observation period and diversity among the caregiver population were cited as barriers to community belonging. Conclusions Social media present an important opportunity to facilitate the exchange of support between patients and caregivers in an accessible and curated environment. Findings from this study suggest that involvement in web-based, geography-specific P2P support groups can influence perceived knowledge of services and resources and sense of community belonging among caregivers of children and youth with CCNs. Furthermore, this study provides insight into the experiences and motivations of caregivers of children and youth with CCNs who participate in a private social media environment.
H1299R Variant in Factor V and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as the loss of two or more pregnancies, affecting approximately 1 to 3% of women worldwide. Scientific data highlight a possible correlation between thrombophilic genetic variants and RPL. H1299R variant in the factor V gene would lead to an increased thrombotic risk associated with frequent miscarriages. However, the data are often conflicting, making this an interesting question for further investigations by evaluating genotype-phenotype correlations to improve the clinical management and genetic counseling of couples. A systematic review and meta-analysis will follow the preferred reporting elements for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P). The Pubmed (MEDLINE) and Embase (OVID) databases will be explored to identify suitable articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria are: (a) H1299R genotyping with clear data reported, referred to as Heterozygous (Het) and/or Homozygous (Hom); (b) articles written in English; (c) analyses of only RPL female patients having at least two or more previous pregnancy losses and compared with a control group. This analysis will present selected scientific evidence, addressing the questions concerning the association between the H1299R variant and RPL, hoping to clarify this still unresolved issue. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022330077.
The Business Ownership Patterns of Undocumented Immigrants in the United States: An Exploratory Study

When debating the effect of undocumented immigrants on the economy, scholars often presume that undocumented immigrants are wage laborers rather than business owners. This study imputes the legal status of Mexican and Central American immigrants (MCAs) in the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) between 1996 and 2008 to evaluate how legal status affects business ownership patterns. From 1996 to 2008, the SIPP asked a series of questions about business ownership and migration history that make it uniquely suited to an investigation of undocumented MCA business owners. Instrumental variables regressions reveal that undocumented immigrants had a lower likelihood of owning a business than documented immigrants, but undocumented and documented business owners derived similar incomes from their businesses. A lack of legal status may hold back potential entrepreneurs. MCA business owners of both legal statuses clustered into similar low-paying, low-growth industries, however, so regardless of legal status, there are likely limits to how much business ownership can promote economic mobility among MCAs. All told, scholars should do more to acknowledge the existence of undocumented immigrant business owners, measure their impact on the economy, and examine their influence on immigrant incorporation patterns.
Affective professional commitment and accounting ethics principles: examining the mediating role of the code of ethics

Accounting ethics emerged as a significant socio-economic issue due to the recent frauds that eroded the public trust in financial statements and in accountants who prepare them. Therefore, ethical behaviour in business must be indorsed. This article examines the effect of affective professional commitment of accountants on their perception of importance of accounting ethics principles application with the mediation of the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants by ISEBA. As in other vocations, some professional accountants have an innate sense of morality but the others should be advised to consult the Code of Ethics. This explains the direct and indirect (with the Code of Ethics as the mediator) relationship between affective professional commitment and the accounting ethics principles application. According to our findings, accountants with higher levels of affective professional commitment are more likely to perceive the importance of accounting ethics principles. Application of the five fundamental accounting ethics principles (integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, confidentiality and professional behaviour) should be promoted while consulting the Code of Ethics should be supported in order to decrease unethical behaviour of the professional accountants.
The Importance of Lake Emergent Aquatic Vegetation for Estimating Arctic‐Boreal Methane Emissions

Areas of lakes that support emergent aquatic vegetation emit disproportionately more methane than open water but are under‐represented in upscaled estimates of lake greenhouse gas emissions. These shallow areas are typically less than ∼1.5 m deep and can be detected with synthetic aperture radar (SAR). To assess the importance of lake emergent vegetation (LEV) zones to landscape‐scale methane emissions, we combine airborne SAR mapping with field measurements of vegetated and open‐water methane flux. First, we use Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle SAR data from the NASA Arctic‐Boreal Vulnerability Experiment to map LEV in 4,572 lakes across four Arctic‐boreal study areas and find it comprises ∼16% of lake area, exceeding previous estimates, and exhibiting strong regional differences (averaging 59 [50–68]%, 22 [20–25]%, 1.0 [0.8–1.2]%, and 7.0 [5.0–12]% of lake areas in the Peace‐Athabasca Delta, Yukon Flats, and northern and southern Canadian Shield, respectively). Next, we account for these vegetated areas through a simple upscaling exercise using paired methane fluxes from regions of open water and LEV. After excluding vegetated areas that could be accounted for as wetlands, we find that inclusion of LEV increases overall lake emissions by 21 [18–25]% relative to estimates that do not differentiate lake zones. While LEV zones are proportionately greater in small lakes, this relationship is weak and varies regionally, underscoring the need for methane‐relevant remote sensing measurements of lake zones and a consistent criterion for distinguishing wetlands. Finally, Arctic‐boreal lake methane upscaling estimates can be improved with more measurements from all lake zones.
Relationship between sustainability reporting and firm’s value: Evidence from Vietnam

Abstract Recent sustainability reporting (SR) has been of particular interest to stakeholders in developed countries but has begun to be studied in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between SR and firm value (FV) of non-financial firms listed on the Vietnamese stock exchange. The authors used the combined method to measure the level of SR disclosure according to GRI standards of 360 enterprises in the period 2015–2019. The research results have revealed a positive relationship between SR and FV when measuring the SR by the aggregate indicator and components such as the general indicators, the economic dimension and the environmental and social dimensions. The research results suggest some recommendations to increase awareness and improve SR publication, which will help businesses add value.
Multi-task Gaussian process upper confidence bound for hyperparameter tuning and its application for simulation studies of additive manufacturing

Abstract In many scientific and engineering applications, Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a powerful tool for hyperparameter tuning of a machine learning model, materials design and discovery, etc. Multi-task BO is a general method to efficiently optimize multiple different, but correlated, “black-box” functions. The objective of this work is to develop an algorithm for multi-task BO with automatic task selection so that only one task evaluation is needed per query round. Specifically, a new algorithm, namely, Multi-Task Gaussian Process Upper Confidence Bound (MT-GPUCB), is proposed to achieve this objective. The MT-GPUCB is a two-step algorithm, where the first step chooses which query point to evaluate, and the second step automatically selects the most informative task to evaluate. Under the bandit setting, a theoretical analysis is provided to show that our proposed MT-GPUCB is no-regret under some mild conditions. Our proposed algorithm is verified experimentally on a range of synthetic functions. In addition, our algorithm is applied to Additive Manufacturing simulation software, namely, Flow-3D Weld, to determine material property values, ensuring the quality of simulation output. The results clearly show the advantages of our query strategy for both design point and task.