Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring Negative Emotion Differentiation Via Coded Descriptions of Emotional Experience

Emotion differentiation (ED) has been defined in terms of two abilities: (a) making fine-grained distinctions between emotional experiences, and (b) describing individual emotional experiences with a high degree of nuance and specificity. Research to date has almost exclusively focused on the former, with little attention paid to the latter. The current study sought to address this discrepant focus by testing two novel measures of negative ED (i.e., based on negatively valenced emotions only) via coded open-ended descriptions of individual emotional experiences, both past and present. As part of a larger study, 307 participants completed written descriptions of two negative emotional experiences, as well as a measure of emotion regulation difficulties and indices of psychopathological symptom severity. Negative ED ability, as measured via consistency between emotional experiences, was found to be unrelated to negative ED ability exhibited via coding of language within experiences. Within-experience negative ED may offer an incrementally adaptive function to that of ED between emotional experiences. Implications for ED theory are discussed.
Repository of the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association

37 The pathogenesis of hypertension is known to involve a diverse range of contributing factors 38 including genetic, environmental, hormonal, hemodynamic and inflammatory forces, to name a few . 39 There is mounting evidence to suggest that the gut microbiome plays an important role in the 40 development and pathogenesis of hypertension. The gastrointestinal tract, which houses the largest 41 compartment of immune cells in the body, represents the intersection of the environment and the 42 host. Accordingly, lifestyle factors shape and are modulated by the microbiome, modifying the risk 43 for hypertensive disease. One well-studied example is the consumption of dietary fibers, which leads 44 to the production of short-chain fatty acids and can contribute to the expansion of anti-inflammatory 45 immune cells, consequently protecting against the progression of hypertension. Dietary interventions 46 such as fasting have also been shown to impact hypertension via the microbiome. Studying the 47 microbiome in hypertensive disease presents a variety of unique challenges to the use of traditional 48 model systems. Integrating microbiome considerations into preclinical research is crucial, and novel 49 strategies to account for reciprocal host-microbiome interactions, such as the wildling mouse model, 50 may provide new opportunities for translation. The intricacies of the role of the microbiome in 51 hypertensive disease is a matter of ongoing research, and there are several technical considerations 52 which should be accounted for moving forward. In this review we provide insights into the host-53 microbiome interaction and summarize the evidence of its importance in the regulation of blood 54 pressure (BP). Additionally, we provide recommendations for ongoing and future research, such that 55 important insights from the microbiome field at large can be readily integrated in the context of 56 hypertension.
Deposition of ultrathin AlN films for high frequency electroacoustic devices

The authors investigate the microstructure, crystal orientation, and residual stress of reactively sputtered aluminum nitride (AlN) films having thicknesses as low as 200 down to 25 nm. A two-step deposition process by the dual cathode ac (40 kHz) powered S-gun magnetron enabling better conditions for AlN nucleation on the surface of the molybdenum (Mo) bottom electrode was developed to enhance crystallinity of ultrathin AlN films. Using the two-step process, the residual in-plane stress as well as the stress gradient through the film thickness can be effectively controlled. X-ray rocking curve measurements have shown that ultrathin films grown on Mo using this technology are highly c-axis oriented with full widths at half maximum of 1.8° and 3.1° for 200- and 25-nm-thick films, respectively, which are equal to or even better than the results previously reported for relatively thick AlN films. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and fast Fourier transform analyses have confirmed strong grain .
Interim Estimates of Vaccine Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Health Care Personnel, First Responders, and Other Essential and Frontline Workers — Eight U.S. Locations, December 2020–March 2021

Messenger RNA (mRNA) BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccines have been shown to be effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 in randomized placebo-controlled Phase III trials (1,2); however, the benefits of these vaccines for preventing asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) infection, particularly when administered in real-world conditions, is less well understood. Using prospective cohorts of health care personnel, first responders, and other essential and frontline workers* in eight U.S. locations during December 14, 2020-March 13, 2021, CDC routinely tested for SARS-CoV-2 infections every week regardless of symptom status and at the onset of symptoms consistent with COVID-19-associated illness. Among 3,950 participants with no previous laboratory documentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, 2,479 (62.8%) received both recommended mRNA doses and 477 (12.1%) received only one dose of mRNA vaccine. † Among unvaccinated participants, 1.38 SARS-CoV-2 infections were confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) per 1,000 person-days. § In contrast, among fully immunized (≥14 days after second dose) persons, 0.04 infections per 1,000 person-days were reported, and among partially immunized (≥14 days after first dose and before second dose) persons, 0.19 infections per 1,000 person-days were reported. Estimated mRNA vaccine effectiveness for prevention of infection, adjusted for study site, was 90% for full immunization and 80% for partial immunization. These findings indicate that authorized mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are effective for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of symptom status, among working-age adults in real-world conditions. COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for all eligible persons.
In silico characterization of mutations circulating in SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 has recently emerged as a pandemic that has caused more than 2.4 million deaths worldwide. Since the onset of infections, several full-length sequences of viral genome have been made available which have been used to gain insights into viral dynamics. We utilised a meta-data driven comparative analysis tool for sequences (Meta-CATS) algorithm to identify mutations in 829 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from around the world. The algorithm predicted sixty-one mutations among SARS-CoV-2 genomes. We observed that most of the mutations were concentrated around three protein coding genes viz nsp3 (non-structural protein 3), RdRp (RNA-directed RNA polymerase) and Nucleocapsid (N) proteins of SARS-CoV-2. We used various computational tools including normal mode analysis (NMA), C-α discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) and all-atom molecular dynamic simulations (MD) to study the effect of mutations on functionality, stability and flexibility of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins including envelope (E), N and spike (S) proteins. PredictSNP predictor suggested that four mutations (L37H in E, R203K and P344S in N and D614G in S) out of seven were predicted to be neutral whilst the remaining ones (P13L, S197L and G204R in N) were predicted to be deleterious in nature thereby impacting protein functionality. NMA, C-α DMD and all-atom MD suggested some mutations to have stabilizing roles (P13L, S197L and R203K in N protein) where remaining ones were predicted to destabilize mutant protein. In summary, we identified significant mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes as well as used computational approaches to further characterize the possible effect of highly significant mutations on SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Association between case signalment and disease diagnosis in urinary bladder disease in Australian cats and dogs

Urinary bladder diseases are common in dogs and cats; however, there is little published work on urinary bladder disease in Australian pets. We identified pathology records of Australian dogs and cats with urinary bladder tissue submitted to the University of Queensland Veterinary Laboratory Service during 1994–2016 (n = 320). We described the proportion of bladder diseases in dogs and cats, and applied the less-commonly used logistic regression procedure to quantify associations between signalment variables and disease diagnosis that were evident using descriptive statistics alone. After preliminary analysis, both species were combined because of similar results. Spayed/castrated animals were 74% less likely to be diagnosed with cystitis compared with intact animals. Animals 4–11 y old were also at lower risk of being diagnosed with cystitis compared with younger or older animals. Male animals were at increased risk of neoplasia compared to females, which contrasts with reports from North America and Europe. There was increased risk for developing neoplasia with progressive age, with up to 20 times higher odds in the > 11-y age group. Logistic regression modeling provided unique insight into proportionate morbidity of urinary bladder diseases in Australian dogs and cats.
The EMS Modified Early Warning Score (EMEWS): A Simple Count of Vital Signs as a Predictor of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests

Abstract Objective: For patients at risk for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) after Emergency Medical Services (EMS) arrival, outcomes may be mitigated by identifying impending arrests and intervening before they occur. Tools such as the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) have been developed to determine the risk of arrest, but involve relatively complicated algorithms that can be impractical to compute in the prehospital environment. A simple count of abnormal vital signs, the "EMS Modified Early Warning Score" (EMEWS), may represent a more practical alternative. We sought to compare to the ability of MEWS and EMEWS to identify patients at risk for EMS-witnessed OHCA. Methods: We conducted a retrospect analysis of the 2018 ESO Data Collaborative database of EMS encounters. Patients without cardiac arrest before EMS arrival were categorized into those who did or did not have an EMS-witnessed arrest. MEWS was evaluated without its temperature component (MEWS-T). The performance of MEWS-T and EMEWS in predicting EMS witnessed arrest was evaluated by comparing receiver-operating characteristic curves. Results: Of 369,064 included encounters, 4,651 were EMS witnessed arrests. MEWS-T demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.79 − 0.80), with 86.8% sensitivity and 51.0% specificity for MEWS-T ≥ 3. EMEWS demonstrated an AUC of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.73 − 0.75), with 81.3% sensitivity and 53.9% specificity for EMEWS ≥ 2. Conclusions: EMEWS showed a similar ability to predict EMS-witnessed cardiac arrest compared to MEWS-T, despite being significantly simpler to compute. Further study is needed to evaluate whether the implementation of EMEWS can aid EMS clinicians in anticipating and preventing OHCA.
Taxonomic Characterization and Microbial Activity Determination of Cold-Adapted Microbial Communities in Lava Tube Ice Caves from Lava Beds National Monument, a High-Fidelity Mars Analogue Environment.

Martian lava tube caves resulting from a time when the planet was still volcanically active are proposed to contain deposits of water ice, a feature that may increase microbial habitability. In this study, we taxonomically characterized and directly measured metabolic activity of the microbial communities that inhabit lava tube ice from Lava Beds National Monument, an analogue environment to martian lava tubes. We investigated whether this environment was habitable to microorganisms by determining their taxonomic diversity, metabolic activity, and viability using both culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. With 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we recovered 27 distinct phyla from both ice and ice-rock interface samples, primarily consisting of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi. Radiorespiration and Biolog EcoPlate assays found these microbial communities to be metabolically active at both 5°C and -5°C and able to metabolize diverse sets of heterotrophic carbon substrates at each temperature. Viable cells were predominantly cold adapted and capable of growth at 5°C (1.3 × 104 to 2.9 × 107 cells/mL), and 24 of 38 cultured isolates were capable of growth at -5°C. Furthermore, 14 of these cultured isolates, and 16 of the 20 most numerous amplicon sequences we recovered were most closely related to isolates and sequences obtained from other cryophilic environments. Given these results, lava tube ice appears to be a habitable environment, and considering the protections martian lava tubes offer to microbial communities from harsh surface conditions, similar martian caves containing ice may be capable of supporting extant, active microbial communities.
Prevalence of Micronutrient Deficiency after Bariatric Surgery

Introduction: While vitamin deficiency after bariatric surgery has been repeatedly described, few studies have focused on adequate micronutrient status. In this study, we examine the prevalence of vitamin and micronutrient deficiency for the first 3 years after surgery. Methods: Out of 1,216 patients undergoing surgery, 485 who underwent postoperative follow-up in an outpatient clinic between 2010 and 2019 were included in this evaluation (76.9% women, mean age 42 ± 12 years, mean BMI: year 1, 33.9 ± 19.2; year 2, 29.7 ± 8.7; year 3, 26.2 ± 4.0). Weight and cardiovascular risk factors as well as ferritin, vitamin B12, folic acid, 25-OH-vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, copper, and selenium were evaluated. Deficits were defined as follows: ferritin <15 µg/L, vitamin B12 <197 pg/mL, folic acid <4.4 ng/mL, 25-OH-vitamin D <75 nmol/L, vitamin A <1.05 µmol/L, vitamin E <12 µmol/L, zinc <0.54 mg/L, copper <0.81 mg/L, and selenium <50 µg/L. All patients underwent dietary counselling and substitution of the respective deficits as appropriate. Results: One year after bariatric surgery, 485 patients completed follow-up. This number decreased to 114 patients in year 2, and 80 patients in year 3. Overall, 42.7% (n = 207) underwent sleeve gastrectomy, 43.7% (n = 211) Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass, and 13.9% (n = 67) gastric banding. The following deficits were found (year 1/2/3): ferritin, 21.6/35.0/32.5%; vitamin B12, 14.3/1.8/6.3%; folic acid, 29.7/21.6/15.3%; 25-OH-vitamin D, 70.8/67.0/57.4%; vitamin A, 13.2/8.9/12.8%; vitamin E, 0%; zinc, 1.7/0/1.5%; copper, 10.4/12.2/11.9%; selenium, 11.1/4.3/0%. Conclusion: As seen in other studies, the follow-up frequency decreased over the years. Despite intensive substitution, the extent of some deficiencies increased or did not improve. These results suggest reinforcing measures to motivate patients for regular follow-up visits, considering closer monitoring schedules, and improving supplementation strategies.
Determinants of content marketing effectiveness: Conceptual framework and empirical findings from a managerial perspective

Content marketing has gained momentum around the world and is steadily gaining importance in the marketing mix of organizations. Nevertheless, it has received comparatively little attention from the scientific community. In particular, there is very little knowledge about the effectiveness, optimal design and implementation of content marketing. In this study, the authors conceptualize content marketing as a set of activities that are embedded in and contingent on the specific organizational context. Based on this framework, the authors empirically investigate the context features determining content marketing effectiveness from a managerial perspective, using primary data collected from senior marketers in 263 organizations from various sectors and across different size categories, conducting multiple regression analysis. The empirical results indicate that clarity and commitment regarding content marketing strategy and a content production in line with the organization’s target groups’ content needs as well as normative journalistic quality criteria are context factors associated with higher content marketing effectiveness. The outcomes also reveal that regularly measuring content marketing performance and using the data obtained as guidance for improving content offerings positively influence content marketing effectiveness, as do structural specialization and specialization-enabling processes and systems. The insights provided in this study could offer important theoretical contributions for research on content marketing and its effectiveness and may help practitioners to optimize the design and implementation of content marketing initiatives.
Vitrification of pure liquid water

The methods for vitrifying pure liquid water are reviewed: jet‐freezing of water/oil emulsions, vitrification of thin water layers on an electron‐microscope specimen grid, high‐pressure jet‐freezing and rapid cooling of aerosol droplets on a cryoplate. The first three need a liquid cryomedium for heat transfer in contrast to the last one. Small sample size in at least one dimension, with a diameter in the μm range or even less, is essential for vitrification. Vitrified liquid water has been characterized by electron and X‐ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and by differential thermal analysis warm‐up curves. These properties are compared with those of amorphous solid water prepared by deposition of the vapour.
Micro‐sized Si‐C Composite with Interconnected Nanoscale Building Blocks as High‐Performance Anodes for Practical Application in Lithium‐Ion Batteries

The emerging markets of electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) generate a tremendous demand for low-cost lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy and power densities and long cycling life. [ 1–4 ] The development of such LIBs requires development of low cost, high energy-density cathode and anode materials. Conventional anode materials in commercial LIBs are primarily synthetic graphite-based materials with a capacity of ∼ 370 mAh/g. [ 5 ] Improvements in anode performance, particularly in anode capacity, are essential to achieving high energy densities in LIBs for EV and PHEV applications. Silicon has been intensively pursued as the most promising anode material for high-energy-density LIBs because of its high specifi c capacity ( > 3500 mAh/g) and abundance. [ 6 ] Despite its high capacity, Si suffers from fast capacity fading caused by its large volume change ( > 300%) during lithiation/delithiation and the serious issues stemming from this volume change, e.g., unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and disintegration (cracking and crumbling) of the electrode structure. [ 7 , 8 ] The development of Si-C nanocomposites (e.g., nanowires, nanotubes, or nanoparticles) has been widely studied. [ 9–18 ] These nanocomposites proved to be an effective method of improving capacity and cycling stability, since nano-sized Si can alleviate fracture during volume changes and the contact between Si and carbon can maintain electrical contact and improve conductivity of the nanocomposites. However, practical application of nano-sized Si materials in LIBs is diffi cult. First, achieving a high tap density is important for fabrication of high-energy LIBs for EVs and PHEVs, because it offers a high volumetric energy density. Unfortunately, the tap density of nano-sized materials is generally low, which in turn holds down their volumetric capacity. [ 19 ] Furthermore, preparation of nano-sized Si either requires chemical/physical vapor deposition or involves complicated processes, leading to costly, low-yield synthesis that is diffi cult to scale up to practical levels. [ 20–22 ] To date, the abundance of Si has not been fully capitalized upon due to lack
Duration of cytopenias with concomitant venetoclax and azole antifungals in acute myeloid leukemia

Venetoclax (VEN) combined with the hypomethylating agent (HMA) azacitidine improves survival in patients aged ≥75 years with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). VEN and HMA treatment can result in prolonged and often profound neutropenia, and this warrants antifungal prophylaxis. Azole antifungals inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4, the primary enzyme responsible for VEN metabolism; this results in VEN dose reductions for each concomitant antifungal. Limited clinical data exist on outcomes for patients treated with VEN, an HMA, and various azoles.
Changing the narrative for hearing health in the broader context of healthy living: a call to action

Abstract Objective To discuss the steps necessary to facilitate hearing health care in the context of well-being and healthy living Design Common themes among the articles in this special supplement of the International Journal of Audiology were used to identify issues that must be addressed if audiology is to move from being hearing-focussed to taking a holistic perspective of hearing care in the context of healthy aging. These are discussed within the context of other published literature. Results and conclusions Three needs were identified: (i) Increased interdisciplinary education to raise awareness of the interplay between hearing and health. (ii) Increased emphasis on counselling education in audiology programs so that audiologists are equipped with the knowledge, competence and confidence to provide counselling and emotional support to their patients, beyond care. (iii) Redefinition of therapeutic goal setting and hearing outcomes to include aspects of well-being, so that audiologists can capture and patients realise that that good hearing outcomes can have a direct positive impact on a person’s quality of life that extends beyond their improved ability to hear. It was emphasised that each of these needs to be considered within the context of the audiologists’ scope of practice and audiologists’ well-being.