Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors That Affect the Likelihood of Undergoing Cosmetic Procedures Among the General Population of Western Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and aim: Cosmetic procedures are surgical and non-surgical procedures that improve and reshape body or facial structures to improve someone’s appearance, self-esteem, and confidence. In recent years, these procedures have gained more popularity, and both the number of procedures performed and the cosmetic procedure market are growing dramatically worldwide. The objective of our research is to carry out a cross-sectional investigation to assess the factors that affect the likelihood of undergoing cosmetic surgery in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this study, a descriptive, cross-sectional methodology was employed. The intended sample includes residents of Makkah, Medina, Jeddah, and Al-taif cities who are 18 years of age or older, representing the general population. Data collection was carried out through an online questionnaire created using Google Forms, which was disseminated electronically via social media platforms. The questionnaire gathered demographic information and questions that evaluate the time spent on social media, likelihood of having cosmetic surgery, cosmetic surgery experience, social media exposure, personal experience, and self-rating of attractiveness. Results: The study included a total of 507 participants, with 389 (76.7%) being female and 118 (23.3%) being male. In our sample, there was a significant correlation between the likelihood of undergoing cosmetic surgery in women who have a longer exposure to media and lower self-rating of attractiveness. For men, media exposure and previous cosmetic procedures were significantly affecting their likelihood of undergoing cosmetic procedures. Conclusions: Females who had a lower self-rating of attractiveness and a longer exposure to social media were more likely to undergo a cosmetic procedure. However, to gain a more comprehensive understanding, further research should be conducted.
MAPPING THE DISPOSSESSION: SCANDINAVIAN HOMESTEADING AT FORT TOTTEN, 1900-1930

Once Spirit Lake Dakota Reservation was opened to white homesteading in 1904, the turnover ofland from Dakota to Euro-American hands was rapid. Scandinavians, the largest foreign-born group in the state, took advantage ofthis land-taking opportunity and moved onto the reservation in great numbers, acquir­ ing approximately 25% of the land within six years. In effect, while the Scandinavians lived as neighbors with the Dakota, they also became the harbinger of the dispossession of Dakota land. Using quantitative analysis oflandownership specified in plat maps of the reservation in 1910, this article analyzes the gender and ethnicity of the landowners. Oral histories contextualize the processes of land taking and land dispossession. The article then takes stock oflandownership in 1929, finding that Dakota land­ ownership declined 50% in less than two decades.
The Influence Of Environmental Concern On Purchase Intention Is Mediated By Brand Trust And Willingness To Pay For Electric Cars

Global climate change is now one of the environmental issues that is of great concern, especially in Indonesia. One of the causes of climate change is caused by transportation. This study aims to analyze the effect of environmental concerns on brand trust, willingness to pay, and purchase intention related to electric car products in Indonesia. This study uses an associative research approach with quantitative data methods. Data was collected through distributing questionnaires to car users in Indonesia via Google Forms. The data analysis technique in this study uses Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with Smartpls 3.0 software. The results obtained in this study are a positive and significant influence for environmental concern, brand trust, willingness to pay on purchase intention, and brand trust mediates between environmental concern and purchase intention. Also, willingness to pay mediates environmental concern on purchase intention. There are also limitations in this study, such as industry limitations and a limited sampling scope. Thus, further research can examine other aspects, such as high prices, lack of charging station facilities, and limited public understanding of the benefits of electric cars.
Celebrity involvement, film destination image, place attachment, behavioral intention: the moderating role of e-word of mouth utilitarian function

ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of e-word-of-mouth utilitarian function on the relationship between celebrity involvement, place attachment, film destination image, and film tourist travel intention. Using data collected from 678 local Vietnamese tourists who perceive Phu Yen Province, Vietnam. The findings suggested that celebrity involvement positively influences film destinations and place attachment. Place attachment was the only variable positively affecting film tourists’ behavioral intention. The relationships between celebrity involvement, film destination image and film tourist behavioral intention were moderated by the e-word-of-mouth utilitarian function. The outcomes of this study provide theoretical and managerial implications for the field.
A Note on the Preferences of Sports Fans: Partisanship Versus Uncertainty of Outcome

Since its inception, a core principle of sports economics has been the claim that fans desire balanced competition—the so-called Uncertainty of Outcome Hypothesis (UOH). While this idea has intuitive appeal, it runs counter to the equally obvious importance of partisanship in shaping fan interest in sporting contests. The absence of a well-accepted theoretical basis for the UOH, coupled with a lack of compelling empirical evidence in support of it, suggests important gaps in the literature. This paper takes a step toward addressing the former need by offering a contest utility function, based on standard Cobb-Douglas preferences, which embodies both partisanship and a demand for competitive balance. The model is used to derive a willingness-to-pay function for game tickets and an expression for aggregate attendance. Findings from the empirical literature are discussed in light of the analysis.
Site fidelity of Icelandic Greylag Geese between winters

Britain supports almost the entire Icelandic population of Greylag Geese Anser anser in winter and has a special responsibility for the conservation of these birds. To facilitate the successful management of this population, the aim of this analysis was to ascertain the degree of site fidelity on the wintering grounds in relation to age and sex. Observations of marked Icelandic Greylag Geese suggest that most Greylag Geese are faithful to a region from one winter to the next. No significant differences were found according to age or sex groups. In the light of a recent major shift in the distribution of Icelandic Greylag Geese wintering in Scotland, these results are surprising as they provide evidence of a high level of site fidelity in the non‐breeding season.
Electokinetic dewatering of clay slurries as engineered soil covers

Le courant continu produit le mouvement des particules d'argile en suspension dans l'eau. Au moment de la formation de la structure du sol, le courant produit en plus le mouvement de l'eau a l'interieur du squelette du sol. Les phenomenes sont connus comme etant de l'electrocinetique. Cette etude examine la faisabilite de l'utilisation de la technique d'extraction d'eau par electrocinetique pour fabriquer des couvertures de sols pour la prevention du drainage des acides sur les sites miniers. L'on discute les aspects tels que la vitesse de sedimentation, la permeabilite electro-osmotique, les reactions electrochimiques, le renversement de la polarite, le courant intermittent, la duree de traitement, la qualite de l'eau recueillie, et la consommation d'energie. Les resultats demontrent que le traitement electrocinetique reduit les teneurs en eau de deux boues d'argile naturelle a leurs limites de liquidite en moins de 30 h. La consommation d'energie de l'extraction d'eau par electrocinetique est regie par les proprietes du sol et le temps de traitement.
Terrestrial layering: An economical propagation technique for certain tropical woody species

Various regeneration modes of Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel. and Combretum micranthum G. Don, two species which are economically important and widespread in West African stripped bushes and fallows, are being studied in Burkina Faso and Niger. Production following natural seeding is most of the time compromised by climatic factors. Very often however, roots are produced by low branches of elder trees in continuous contact with the soil during the short wet season. The rate of this ‘tip-layering method’ (terrestrial layering) changes according to the species, the micro-topography and type of land cultivation. Terrestrial layering is increased by plagiotropic branches, especially on steep slopes. Various traumatisms, such as broken branches, camber arcures, soil recovering by sediment, can stimulate it. Given these first empirical results, it would be interesting to test the of induction terrestrial layering, particularly in these two species (in order to apply it afterwards to other species). This mode of propagation allows the genetic potential to be preserved and tree density as well as the production of wood and woodland co-products to be increased at a very low cost. In semiarid areas, this ‘revegetalisation’ method using vegetative propagation through terrestrial layering in particular, seems cheaper and much more time-saving than other techniques such as artificial seeding or planting, for instance. Moreover, it is replicable, in keeping with the habits of local communities.
An Empirical Appraisal of Electronic Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions within Online Shopping in South Africa

Over the years, service quality has been a topic that has continued to garner a lot of interest. This study sought to appraise electronic service quality, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions in online shopping in South Africa. A unique conceptual model was developed to investigate the factors that led to customer loyalty, positive word-of-mouth, and ultimately repurchase intention toward goods online. This study aims to determine the influence of e-service quality on customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions in online shopping in South Africa. Non-probability sampling was used to select the participants. A structured questionnaire, based on the conceptual model, was developed and distributed online. A total of 307 usable response questionnaires were collected, and descriptive and regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 27. The major findings indicate that customer satisfaction and positive word of mouth are closely associated. The implication is that marketing practitioners should pay more attention to customer behavior after receiving services.
Fire and Erosion: Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Post-Fire Rehabilitation Treatment, Contour-Felled Logs

Recent fires have renewed interest in the effect of fire on flooding, sedimentation and effectiveness of various mitigation techniques. Erosion is a natural process occurring at varying rates and scales depending on soil type, topography, vegetation, climate and type of disturbance. Erosion rates in a forest environment are generally small except when the ground surface is disturbed by human or natural causes. First year surface erosion rates after wildfire can vary from 0.1 to greater than 110 Mg ha -1 yr -1 , often decreasing by orders of magnitude in subsequent years. Wildfires may consume the forest floor, leaving the soil surface exposed to raindrop impact and overland flow. Additionally, wildfires may leave the soil surface in a water repellent condition, reducing infiltration and increasing overland flow. These highly erosive conditions are temporary, because natural and artificial revegetation occur within first two years after the fire. To control this erosion and flooding potential, post-fire rehabilitation treatments such as contour-felled logs, have increased in use during the last decade. The 1998, 3240-ha Twenty Five Mile Creek fire on the Wenatchee National Forest, WA provided an opportunity to monitor year-round runoff and erosion from two zero-order watersheds. One watershed (11 ha) was burned-only, the other watershed (9 ha) was burned and contour-felled logs with the capacity to trap 2.3 Mg ha -1 were used for a post-fire rehabilitation treatment. Runoff and sediment were measured by 0.3 m H-flumes with attached sediment traps for each watershed. First year results indicate that erosion can be easily triggered by small rain events. Two summer thunderstorm events, produced only 7-mm of rain each but caused 0.3 Mg ha -1 and 0.7 Mg ha -1 of sediment to leave the contour-felled log watershed whereas the storms did not effect the burned-only watershed. An 11-mm thunderstorm event in August caused 0.1 Mg ha -1 of sediment to leave the contour-felled log treated watershed and 0.5 Mg ha -1 on the burned-only watershed. By the end of the first year, 1.1 Mg ha -1 of sediment left the contour-felled log treated watershed and the contour-felled logs trapped 2.1 Mg Ha -1 indicating a trap efficiency of 66 percent whereas the burned-only watershed had 0.7 Mg ha -1 leave the watershed. Thus the contour felled log treated watershed had more erosion but the storms did not effect each watershed equally even though they were only 1 km apart. The data to date, however, have not shown any reduction in sedimentation leaving the hillslope from the contourfelled logs treated watershed.
Ecological implications of flow-mediated scour events for sockeye salmon alevins (Oncorhynchus nerka)

ii Preface . iv Table of contents . v List of figures.vi Acknowledgements . vii Dedication. viii 1 Introduction . 1 1.1 Flow and stream geomorphology . 2 1.2 Biological responses to floods . 4 1.3 Salmonids . 6 1.4 Environmental impacts on developing sockeye salmon.10 1.5 Sockeye salmon in the Okanagan River, BC . 12 2 Methods and materials . 16 2.1 Simulated elevated discharge experiment . 18 2.1.1 General methods.18 2.1.2 Trials.8 2.2 Bury experiment . 20 2.3 Statistical analysis.21 2.4 Supplementary experiments.23 3 Results . 24 3.1 Simulated elevated discharge experiment . 24 3.2 Bury experiment . 27 4 Discussion . 31 4.1 Simulated elevated discharge experiment . 31 4.2 Ability to rebury after dislodgement.33 4.3 Remaining questions.35 4.4 Implications and management . 36 References . 36 Appendix A.45 A.1 Predator avoidance experiment.45 A.2 Exogenous feeding experiment.46
Mapping the low salinity Changjiang Diluted Water using satellite‐retrieved colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the East China Sea during high river flow season

Absorption coefficients of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) [ag(λ)] were measured and relationship with salinity was derived in the East China Sea (ECS) during summer when amount of the Changjiang River discharge is large. Low salinity Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) was observed widely in the shelf region and was considered to be the main origin of CDOM, resulting in a strong relationship between salinity and ag(λ). Error of satellite ag(λ) estimated by the present ocean color algorithm could be corrected by satellite‐retrieved chlorophyll data. Satellite‐retrieved salinity could be predicted with about ±1.0 accuracy from satellite ag(λ) and the relation between salinity and ag(λ). Our study suggests that satellite‐derived ag(λ) can be an indicator of the low salinity CDW during summer.
Management of Pelagic Fisheries in the North East Atlantic: Norwegian Spring Spawning Herring, Mackerel, and Blue Whiting

ABSTRACT This paper gives an overview of sustainability and management of the straddling stock fisheries for Norwegian spring spawning herring, mackerel, and blue whiting. These stocks are harvested by coastal states and distant water fishing states (DWFS). Because multiple states access these stocks, reaching agreements on management has posed challenges, and some agreements have unravelled. For the blue whiting, the fishing industry itself played a major role in facilitating an agreement. A general lesson learned is that changes in fish migrations and stock distribution may destabilize international agreements. JEL Codes: Q22, Q34, Q57, Q58.
Analysis of anthropometric and physical performance variables in U-17 soccer players

Introduction Soccer is considered a multifaceted collective sport, and to reach an elevated level, players must have moderate to high power, good agility, joint flexibility and muscle development. Also, players must be able to generate high torques during fast movements, which implies the development of different capacities, understood as multifactorial preparation. The objective was to analyse the effects of training (aerobic and continuous) on the leg power, fatigue levels, speed, agility, body fat, muscle mass and bone mass of these players. Methods Seventy-two soccer players, male and under 17, from 4 teams participated. The teams performed 3 times a week training sessions of about 60–90 min each. Informed consent requests were given to their parents for authorisation to participate in this investigation. Data was collected in two different time points, about ten months apart. Specific tests were performed for each variable: the vertical jump with Bosco System for leg power, the T-Test for agility, the linear sprint test for speed and the RAST test for fatigue levels. A precision Tanita scale was used for the anthropometric tests such as body fat, muscle mass and bone mass. Statistical procedures were applied through the Wilcoxon test to compare the two time points of evaluation. Results Improvements were found between evaluations regarding the level of anthropometric and physical fitness variables. Conclusions The implemented training improved all the analysed variables with significant statistical values for leg power, speed, bone mass, muscle mass and fat mass.
Rapid anthropogenic changes in CO2 and pH in the Atlantic Ocean: 2003–2014

The extended multilinear regression method is used to determine the uptake and storage of anthropogenic carbon in the Atlantic Ocean based on repeat occupations of four cruises from 1989 to 2014 (A16, A20, A22, and A10), with an emphasis on the 2003–2014 period. The results show a significant increase in basin‐wide anthropogenic carbon storage in the North Atlantic, which absorbed 4.4 ± 0.9 Pg C decade−1 from 2003 to 2014 compared to 1.9 ± 0.4 Pg C decade−1 for the 1989–2003 period. This decadal variability is attributed to changing ventilation patterns associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation and increasing release of anthropogenic carbon into the atmosphere. There are small changes in the uptake rate of CO2 in the South Atlantic for these time periods (3.7 ± 0.8 Pg C decade−1 versus 3.2 ± 0.7 Pg C decade−1). Several eddies are identified containing ~20% more anthropogenic carbon than the surrounding waters in the South Atlantic demonstrating the importance of eddies in transporting anthropogenic carbon. The uptake of carbon results in a decrease in pH of ~0.0021 ± 0.0007 year−1 for surface waters during the last 10 years, in line with the atmospheric increase in CO2.
Robotic Skins With Integrated Actuation, Sensing, and Variable Stiffness

Soft robots are often designed to accomplish a single function and cannot be repurposed for other tasks. In an effort to create multi-functional robots, researchers have proposed robotic skins, which are flexible, planar substrates with embedded actuation and sensing that can be applied to different soft bodies. By “roboticizing” otherwise inert bodies from their surface, robotic skins can be repurposed to create bespoke soft robots as needed. However, current robotic skins are unable to support their own structure and can only attain a single function in the absence of a host. Here, we present a variable stiffness robotic skin (VSRS), a concept that integrates stiffness-changing capabilities, sensing, and actuation into a single, thin modular robot design. Reconfiguring, reconnecting, and reshaping VSRSs allows them to achieve new functions both on and in the absence of a host body. We demonstrate how a single set of skins with PneuFlex-style pneumatic actuators, a geometrically-patterned polyethylene terepthalate (PET) jamming membrane, and liquid metal-based capacitive sensors can operate as closed-loop locomotion robots while being able to support weight during locomotion, as well as stiffen to hold complex shapes. To highlight the generality of the concept and illuminate the design space, we also test a second embodiment with McKibben actuators and a woven-mesh jamming membrane that can be reconfigured to serve in a manipulation context. We see VSRSs having application as adaptable linkages in larger robots, smart reconfigurable garments, and reconfigurable active structures, thereby allowing the robotic system to adapt to time-varying task requirements.
Energy and climate change in China

Abstract This paper examines future energy and emissions scenarios in China generated by the Integrated Assessment Model WITCH. A Business-as-Usual scenario is compared with five scenarios in which greenhouse gases emissions are taxed, at different levels. The elasticity of China's emissions is estimated by pooling observations from all scenarios and comparing them with the elasticity of emissions in OECD countries. China has a higher elasticity than the OECD for a carbon tax lower than US$50 per ton of CO2-eq. For higher taxes, emissions in OECD economies are more elastic than in China. Our best guess indicates that China would need to introduce a tax equal to about US$750 per ton of CO2-eq in 2050 to achieve the Major Economies Forum goal set for mid-century. In our preferred estimates, the discounted cost of following the 2°C trajectory is equal to 5.4 per cent and to 2.7 per cent of GDP in China and the OECD, respectively.
Patient-Related Factors Predicting Stent Thrombosis in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions

Over the past four decades, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) safety and efficacy have significantly improved, particularly with the advent of the drug-eluting stent (DES). First-generation DESs reduced in-stent restenosis rates and targeted lesion revascularization; however, safety issues emerged, due to high incidences of stent thrombosis (ST) linked to death, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization. Second-generation DESs were developed to overcome these issues, reducing late-thrombotic-event risk while maintaining anti-restenosis efficacy. Nevertheless, ST still occurs with second-generation DES use. Stent thrombosis etiology is multifaceted, encompassing lesion-, patient-, procedural-, and stent-related factors. Overall, most early-stent-thrombosis cases are linked to procedural and patient-related aspects. Factors like premature discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy, resistance to clopidogrel, smoking, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, reduced ejection fraction or undertaking coronary angioplasty for an acute coronary syndrome can increase the risk of stent thrombosis. The aim of this study is to assess patient-related factors that potentially heighten the risk of stent thrombosis, with the objective of pinpointing and addressing modifiable contributors to this risk. By focusing on both patient- and procedure-related factors, a multifaceted approach to coronary revascularization can help minimize complications and maximize long-term benefits in managing ST.