Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
METAPHORS AS TRAILS OF UNIVERSITY ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTORS’ PERCEPTIONS ABOUT EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING IN TURKEY

The COVID-19 pandemic brought life to an unexpected halt, and all levels of education including higher education had abrupt changes from face-to-face teaching to emergency remote teaching to sustain the continuity of education. English preparatory schools that provide newly-enrolled university students with one-year intensive English language program are no exception with regard to emergency remote teaching. Metaphor elicitation can be one of the ways to reveal university language instructors’ subtle thoughts about emergency remote teaching. In line with this idea, this paper investigates the use of metaphors elicited from 60 university instructors from different universities in Turkey in relation to emergency remote teaching. After the analysis, 58 valid metaphors were recompiled and classified under six categories. It was identified that instructors found emergency remote teaching quite challenging and dynamic in nature while only a small number of instructors considered it a positive experience. It was also evident in the instructors’ metaphors that they felt inadequate and untrained when they had this abrupt change at first and perceived emergency remote teaching as an unreal experience. Given the fact that there can be emergency situations in the future, we should move on after taking the necessary lessons from this challenging period.
Homogeneous Velocity-Distance Data for Peculiar Velocity Analysis. III. The Mark III Catalog of Galaxy Peculiar Velocities

This is the third in a series of papers in which we assemble and analyze a homogeneous catalog of peculiar velocity data. In Papers I and II, we described the Tully-Fisher (TF) redshift-distance samples that constitute the bulk of the catalog and our methodology for obtaining mutually consistent TF calibrations for these samples. In this paper, we supply further technical details of the treatment of the data and present a subset of the catalog in tabular form. The full catalog, known as the Mark III Catalog of Galaxy Peculiar Velocities, is available in accessible on-line databases, as described herein. The electronic catalog incorporates not only the TF samples discussed in Papers I and II but also elliptical galaxy Dn-σ samples originally presented elsewhere. The relative zero pointing of the elliptical and spiral data sets is discussed here. The basic elements of the Mark III Catalog are the observables for each object (redshift, magnitude, velocity width, etc.) and inferred distances derived from the TF or Dn-σ relations. Distances obtained from both the forward and inverse TF relations are tabulated for the spirals. Malmquist bias-corrected distances are computed for each catalog object using density fields obtained from the IRAS 1.2 Jy redshift survey. Distances for both individual objects and groups are provided. A variety of auxiliary data, including distances and local densities predicted from the IRAS redshift survey reconstruction method, are tabulated as well. We study the distributions of TF residuals for three of our samples and conclude that they are well approximated as Gaussian. However, for the Mathewson et al. sample we demonstrate a significant decrease in TF scatter with increasing velocity width. We test for, but find no evidence of, a correlation between TF residuals and galaxy morphology. Finally, we derive transformations that map the apparent magnitude and velocity width data for each spiral sample onto a common system. This permits the application of analysis methods that assume that a unique TF relation describes the entire sample.
Interaction of a Plane Acoustic Wave with an Elastic Spherical Shell

The interaction of a plane acoustic step wave with an elastic spherical shell is studied. The mathematical model of the shell incorporates the effects of membrane, bending, rotatory inertia, and shear deformation. A Laplace transform with respect to the time coordinate is used in the analysis, and the transformed solution is obtained in the form of a partial‐wave expansion. By Watson's transformation, this partial‐wave expansion is then converted into a series of integrals, which are evaluated asymptotically. The origins of the reflected and diffracted wave are then identified. Evaluation of the inverse Laplace integral gives the wavefronts and the amplitudes of the shell response and the fluid pressure in the acoustic medium at the wavefronts. A comparison of the results from the membrane and the refined theories of shells is made. Besides, the transient response in a short time after arrival of the incident wave is also computed numerically in the lit region far from the shadow boundary.
A Prospective Study on the Value of Ultrasound Microflow Assessment to Distinguish Malignant from Benign Solid Breast Masses: Association between Ultrasound Parameters and Histologic Microvessel Densities

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound (US) microflow assessment in distinguishing malignant from benign solid breast masses as well as the association between US parameters and histologic microvessel density (MVD). Materials and Methods Ninety-eight breast masses (57 benign and 41 malignant) were examined using Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) before biopsy. Two radiologists evaluated the quantitative and qualitative vascular parameters on SMI (vascular index, morphology, distribution, and penetration) and CEUS (time-intensity curve analysis and enhancement characteristics). US parameters were compared between benign and malignant masses and the diagnostic performance was compared between SMI and CEUS. Subgroup analysis was performed according to lesion size. The effect of vascular parameters on downgrading Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4A masses was evaluated. The association between histologic MVD and US parameters was analyzed. Results Malignant masses were associated with a higher vascular index (15.1 ± 7.3 vs. 5.9 ± 5.6), complex vessel morphology (82.9% vs. 42.1%), central vascularity (95.1% vs. 59.6%), penetrating vessels (80.5% vs. 31.6%) on SMI (all, p < 0.001), as well as higher peak intensity (37.1 ± 25.7 vs. 17.0 ± 15.8, p < 0.001), slope (10.6 ± 11.2 vs. 3.9 ± 4.2, p = 0.001), area (1035.7 ± 726.9 vs. 458.2 ± 410.2, p < 0.001), hyperenhancement (95.1% vs. 70.2%, p = 0.005), centripetal enhancement (70.7% vs. 45.6%, p = 0.023), penetrating vessels (65.9% vs. 22.8%, p < 0.001), and perfusion defects (31.7% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001) on CEUS (p ≤ 0.023). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of SMI and CEUS were 0.853 and 0.841, respectively (p = 0.803). In 19 masses measuring < 10 mm, central vascularity on SMI was associated with malignancy (100% vs. 38.5%, p = 0.018). Considering all benign SMI parameters on the BI-RADS assessment, unnecessary biopsies could be avoided in 12 category 4A masses with improved AUCs (0.500 vs. 0.605, p < 0.001). US vascular parameters associated with malignancy showed higher MVD (p ≤ 0.016). MVD was higher in malignant masses than in benign masses, and malignant masses negative for estrogen receptor or positive for Ki67 had higher MVD (p < 0.05). Conclusion US microflow assessment using SMI and CEUS is valuable in distinguishing malignant from benign solid breast masses, and US vascular parameters are associated with histologic MVD.
Fully nonlinear three-dimensional convection in a rapidly rotating layer

Fully nonlinear three-dimensional convection in a rotating layer is studied for large Taylor numbers. In this regime, the leading order nonlinearity arises from the distortion of the horizontally averaged temperature profile. As a result, steady rolls, squares, hexagons, triangles, and a pattern called patchwork quilt all have identical Nusselt numbers. A similar degeneracy is present in overstable convection with six patterns having identical time-averaged Nusselt numbers and oscillation frequencies. These results are obtained via an asymptotic expansion in the Taylor number that determines, for each Rayleigh number, the time-averaged Nusselt number and oscillation frequency from the solution of a nonlinear eigenvalue problem for the vertical temperature profile. A number of other patterns are determined by a weakly nonlinear analysis that cannot be extended into the fully nonlinear regime by the present methods, but these patterns are necessarily unstable.
A Novel Approach for Modeling Mixed Convection Film Boiling for a Vertical Flat Plate

A numerical model is developed to study mixed convection film boiling over a vertical flat plate. The integral form of conservation equations for each phase along with the appropriate interface conditions due to phase change is transformed into ordinary differential equation (ODE)-form. The length scale used in the model is based on Rayleigh–Taylor instability wave at the liquid–vapor interface. The heat transfer associated in the process is assessed and results are validated successfully for different available experimental results for natural convection and mixed convection film boiling. The mixed convection film boiling is characterized in terms of relevant nondimensional parameters for each phase.
Criticality of the ``critical state'' of granular media: Dilatancy angle in the Tetris model

The dilatancy angle describes the propensity of a granular medium to dilate under an applied shear. Using a simple spin model (the Tetris model) which accounts for geometrical ``frustration'' effects, we study such a dilatancy angle as a function of density. An exact mapping can be drawn with a directed percolation process which proves that there exists a critical density ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c}$ above which the system expands and below which it contracts under shear. When applied to packings constructed by a random deposition under gravity, the dilatancy angle is shown to be strongly anisotropic, and it constitutes an efficient tool to characterize the texture of the medium.
The Effect of Profitability, Board Size, Woman on Boards, and Political Connection on Financial Distress Conditions

Abstract This research proves the consistency of Agency Theory as a solution to explain the role of the influence of profitability, board size, woman on board, which is divided into two, namely woman on board of commissioner and woman on board of directors, as well as political connections to financial distress. Panel data from these variables were obtained from companies listed in LQ-45 in 2017–2021 which were then analyzed with a quantitative approach through the regression analysis of Ordinary Least Squares, Fixed Effects, Random Effects, and Robust, which was carried out simultaneously. The results of this analysis have a higher level of accuracy compared to partial testing. The first finding explains that the Profitability Ratio has a negative effect on financial distress, the second finding explains that board size has a positive effect on financial distress, the third finding explains that woman on board of commissioner has no effects on financial distress, however, the fourth finding explains that woman on board of director has a positive effect on financial distress, while the fifth finding explains the political connection has no positive effect to financial distress. Panel data-based research through simultaneous testing can be considered for principals in appointing agents to manage the company. Simultaneous analysis of panel data is a new breakthrough in research testing with more detailed results.
Advances in highly active one-carbon metabolism in cancer diagnosis, treatment and drug resistance: A systematic review

Study background objectives Cancer poses a significant health concern as it is incurable. Every year, research on how to treat and eradicate this chronic condition is done. This systematic review will unmask the recent developments concerning highly active 1C metabolism with regard to cancer diagnosis, treatment, and drug resistance. The significance of this study is rolling out evidence-based evidence on the importance of one-carbon metabolism in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Methods Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were reviewed from five electronic databases – EMBASE, Scopus Review, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed. Outcomes from the eight studies were analyzed to paint a picture of the topic in question. While the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis’ (PRISMA) protocol guided the initial literature search, The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach informed quality assessments of the eligible studies. Conclusion Since its emergence in the 1980s, 1C metabolism has been investigated and broadened to capture essential aspects of cancer treatment, diagnosis, and drug resistance. The review found that metabolites like folic acid could be used to detect different types of cancer. The metabolic pathways could induce tumorigenesis and DNA methylation, hence drug resistance. Systematic review registration https://inplasy.com/projects/, identifier INPLASY2022110099.
Attaining Consonance in Arbitrary Scales

A digital computer was used to synthesize a scale of tones with fundamentals 18 oct apart; each tone had nonharmonic partials separated by 18 oct or multiples thereof. When sounded together, two tones separated by an even number of 18‐oct intervals were more consonant than two tones separated by an odd number of 18‐oct intervals. The scale synthesized is one example of many possible unconventional scales that can exhibit consonance and dissonance.
Comparing Crowdfunding Mechanisms: Introducing the Generalized Moulin-Shenker Mechanism

For reward-based crowdfunding, we introduce the strategy-proof Generalized Moulin-Shenker mechanism (GMS) and compare its performance to the prevailing All-Or-Nothing mechanism (AON). Theoretically, GMS outperforms AON in equilibrium profit and funding success. We test these predictions experimentally, distinguishing between a sealed-bid and a dynamic version of GMS. We find that the dynamic GMS outperforms the sealed-bid GMS. It performs better than AON when the producer aims at maximizing funding success. For crowdfunding in practice, this implies that the current standard of financing projects could be improved upon by implementing a crowdfunding mechanism that is similar to the dynamic GMS. ∗We thank Matthew Ellman, Peter Katuščák, Laura Razzolini, Sebastian Schweighofer-Kodritsch, and seminar participants at the CREED lunch seminar, the ESA world meeting, the TIBER workshop, the BEAM-ABEE workshop, the Tinbergen Institute PhD Lunch Seminar, the CBESS-CeDExCREED Meeting, the Experimental Finance conference, the Verein für Socialpolitik conference, the KIT-Paris-ZEW Workshop on Market Design, LISER and the European University Institute for very useful comments and suggestions. Financial support from the Research Priority Area Behavioral Economics of the University of Amsterdam is gratefully acknowledged. †Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; andrej.woerner@econ.lmu. de ‡University of Amsterdam and Tinbergen Institute; onderstal@uva.nl §University of Amsterdam and Tinbergen Institute; schram@uva.nl
Obliquely Rotated Principal Components: An Improved Meteorological Map Typing Technique?

Abstract A detailed analysis of obliquely rotated principal components as a map typing technique was performed. This type of transformation does not constrain orthogonality of the vectors, allowing the components or map types the freedom to better reflect the original data set. Meteorological map types of sea level pressure, with previously known configurations, were utilized to ascertain the advantages and disadvantages of unrotated, orthogonally rotated and obliquely rotated components. The consequences of rotating varying numbers of components also were explored to determine the robustness of the two classes of rotations. Map types of sea level pressure for June through August 1971–1975 were generated and utilized successfully to stratify precipitation events which occurred during project METROMEX. The obliquely rotated principal components were shown to be 1) superior to other rotational methods in retrieving input fields of synoptic scale data and, 2) less likely to distort the map types when an inco.
Molecular Characterization and Identification of Grasshopper Pests of Rice Inferred From Mitochondrial COI Gene Sequences

Oryza sativa (L.) is one of the world’s most important crop providing staple food for nearly half of the global population. Rice is subjected to considerable damage by a number of grasshoppers. The accurate identification of pest species is a crucial step for the appropriate application of control measures. Molecular characterization and DNA barcoding of grasshopper pests of rice was performed in the present research work. Six species of grasshopper pests were identified from different paddy fields using COI gene sequences. Among the sequences the A+T content (64.2%) was higher than the G+C (35.8%) content. The interspecific genetic distance ranged between 13 and 34%. The haplotype analysis of Conocephalus exemptus showed highest (110) mutated sites among the analyzed species. Both the Maximum likelihood and Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree construction showed two distinct clades of short-horned and long-horned grasshoppers. C. exemptus was found in another monophyletic group. Our results demonstrate that DNA barcoding is likely to be a powerful tool for identifying and understanding grasshopper evolution. Bangladesh J. Zool. 50 (2): 217-229, 2022
Impact of Survival Swimming Experience on Positive Emotions, Self-Efficacy, and Safety Behaviors among Swimming Club Members in Korea

Background: We aimed to analyze the influence survival swimming experience on positive emotions, self-efficacy, and safety behaviors among swimming club members in Korea. Methods: A total of 205 adult men and women involved in swimming clubs in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas of Korea were surveyed via convenience sampling from 2021–22. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data related to positive emotions, self-efficacy, and safety behaviors. Frequency analysis, Cronbach's α, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modelling were performed. Results: Survival swimming experience had a positive effect on positive emotions (P<0.05), self-efficacy (P<0.05), and safety behaviors (P<0.05). Positive emotions did not have a positive effect on self-efficacy; however, they were found to have a positive effect on safety behaviors. Conclusion: Positive emotions, self-efficacy, and safety behaviors can be improved via survival swimming experience. Successful experiences with survival swimming could promote self-efficacy and safety behaviors, highlighting the importance of survival swimming education. Therefore, proficiency should be emphasized when attempting to increase the effectiveness of survival swimming education. To achieve this outcome, developing diverse survival swimming programs for each level of proficiency is necessary to ensure adequate transmission of knowledge.
A new error indicator for the analysis of waveguiding structures by the adaptive finite-element method

An adaptive finite-element method for the analysis of waveguiding structures based on the error at each inner edge of the mesh is presented. The error indicator is based on the fulfillment of the divergence Maxwell equations. The adaptation of the unknowns to the field distribution allows better accuracy in the propagation constant, maintaining a low computational cost. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 27: 361–366, 2000.
Mothers' knowledge, practice, and attitudes toward vitamin D deficiency among children in the Qassim region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Vitamin D comes in two forms: ergocalciferol (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3). This study aimed to assess mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward vitamin D deficiency among children. We collected data using a self-administered online questionnaire to gather information about the characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and reported practices of 800 Saudi Arabian mothers regarding vitamin D deficiency. The mean age of participants was 31.2±4.76, and 8% had a university education. When it came to household income, the majority (90.1%) reported that they had enough money. Participants who attended training courses, employed mothers, total practice, and total attitude had a significant favorable effect on knowledge, with a p-value of less than 0.01. Employed mothers, training course attendees, total practice, and overall attitude had a significant favorable effect on mothers' practice, with a p-value of less than 0.01**. More than half of the mothers who participated in the study had an inadequate level of understanding. Less than two-thirds of those surveyed noted the deficient practice. Two-thirds of the moms who participated in the study had a negative attitude toward vitamin D deficiency. There was a strong positive correlation between total knowledge, total attitude, and total practice-related vitamin D deficiency.
Quantum-Electrodynamics Based on Self-Energy

We review the basic principles and results of a formulation of quantum-electrodynamics based on the self-energy of the electron, rather than quantized fields. The applications include relativistic spontaneous emission rates, the effect of cavities on Lamb-shift, spontaneous emission and Casimir-Polder forces. We also review the relativistic two-body equations including radiative processes with applications to hydrogen, muonium and positronium spectra.
Dynamics of early type galaxies. I. The rotation curve of the elliptical galaxy NGC 4697

The rotation curve, up to 0/sup prime/. 6 from the center, has been derived from Ca ii H and K lines for the elliptical galaxy NGC 4697. A maximum seems to be reached at 15'' with 65 km s$sup -1$. The same galaxy has been investigated by means of photographic photometry in the B system. The luminosity profile follows the r$sup 1$/$sup 4$ law, and the mean ellipticity is 0.4. The total apparent magnitude is B=10.30 mag, and the corresponding absolute magnitude reaches M/subB/=20.5 magn assuming a distance of 14.8 Mpc. The spatial velocity curve and the light density profile are derived. Mass and angular momentum have been computed on the hypothesis that the mass-to-light ratio is constant through the galaxy, leaving it as a free parameter. Under several assumptions it is found that the angular momentum of the elliptical NGC 4697 is lower than that of a spiral of comparable mass by a factor 5 to a factor 30, when the mass-to-light ratio varies from 5 to 50. (AIP)
Information source and tourist expenditure: evidence from Sarawak, Malaysia

ABSTRACT Travel information is omnipresent. Yet, the relationship between the source of travel information and tourist expenditure remains underexplored. To address this gap, the present study examines how the source of travel information used by tourists, both pre-trip and in-destination, impacts on tourist expenditure. Using survey data collected from tourists who visited Sarawak, Malaysia prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, this study is among the first of its kind to investigate the role of information source on tourist expenditure in a developing tourism destination. The study reveals that tourists who used travel agencies/tour operators and magazines/newspapers prior to their visit are likely to spend more across all expenditure categories. While in destination, tourists tend to use the internet to find the best prices on various activities, leading to significantly lower expenditure across most categories. These findings have important implications for tourism policy makers and tour operators in developing tourism destinations, empowering them with insights to formulate targeted advertising and marketing communication strategies.