Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resilience and Parental Burnout Among Finnish Parents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Variable and Person-Oriented Approaches

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, different personality characteristics may have influenced parental well-being in different ways. In the present study, we combined variable and person-oriented approaches and examined relationships between resilience, parental burnout, and perfectionism during the lockdown. We first used structural equation modeling to assess the paths between variables. We then used latent profile analysis to examine different profiles of parents based on resilience, perfectionism, and symptoms of parental burnout. Finally, we examined how these profiles differ in terms of relevant background variables. The results showed that resilience predicted parental burnout negatively even after controlling for multidimensional perfectionism. Parents’ age, children's age, children's special needs, and the increase in time spent with children due to lockdown contributed independently to burning out as a parent. Three profiles were found: a resilient profile, perfectionist profile, and burned-out profile. Resilient parents were likely to be men, older, and with less financial difficulties than parents in the other two profiles, and less likely to spend increased time with their children due to lockdown than the burned-out parents. Perfectionist parents, in turn, had older children than the burned-out parents did. These results suggest that resilience may help parents overcome burnout at times of crisis.
Institutional capacity of health care institutes for diagnosis and management of common genetic diseases - A study from a north coastal district of Andhra Pradesh

Background: In India, the genetic disease is a disregarded service element in the community health- protection system. This study aims to gauge the accessibility of services for treating genetic disorders and also to evaluate the practices on deterrence and management services in the district health system. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of selected health amenities from 454 medical officers (MO’s), 94 accredited social health activist (ASHAs) workers, 86 multipurpose health assistant-female (MPHA-F), 34 multipurpose health assistant-male (MPHA-M), 14 multipurpose health supervisors-female (MPHS-F), 10 multipurpose health supervisors-male (MPHS-M), 6 multipurpose health extension officer/ community health officer (MPHEO/CHO), 10 public health nurse (PHN), 45 lab technicians (LT’s) working in the government health sector and 254 in the private health sector, 409 nursing staff working in the government health sector and 995 in the private health sector, 15 primary health centers (PHC’s), 4 community health centers (CHC’s), 1 district government hospital (DGH), 3 referral hospitals (RH’s). From the side of private health institutions 25 corporate hospitals (CH’s), 3 medical colleges (MC’s), and 25 diagnostic laboratories (DL’s) were conducted. Results: The findings show that adequate staff was in place at more than 70% of health centers, but none of the staff have obtained any operative training on genetic disease management. The largest part of the DH’s had rudimentary infrastructural and diagnostic facilities. However, the greater part of the CHC’s and PHC’s had inadequate diagnostic facilities related to genetic disease management. Biochemical, molecular, and cytogenetic services were not available at PHC’s and CHC’s. DH’s, RH’s, and all selected medical colleges were found to have offered the basic Biochemical genetics units during the survey. In 24% of CH’s, the basic biochemical units are available and 32% (8 out of 25) of DL’s have the advanced biochemical genetics units by study. Molecular genetics units were found to be available in 28% (7 out of 25) of DL’s during the study. About 6 (24%) diagnostic centers of cytogenetic laboratories were located in the Visakhapatnam district under the private sector. Conclusion: The district health care infrastructure in India has a shortage of basic services to be provided for the genetic disorder. With some policy resolutions and facility strengthening, it is possible to provide advanced services for a genetic disorder in the district health system.
Cloning and characterization of CbHMGR and CbSQS genes in Conyza blinii

Conyza blinii H. Lév. is a traditional medicine for the treatment of bronchitis cough. Triterpene saponins (conyzasaponins) are major pharmacological components in C. blinii. Here, two C. blinii genes coding for the important regulatory enzymes of the conyzasaponins biosynthetic pathway, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) and squalene synthase (SQS), were cloned and characterized. The open reading frames of CbHMGR and CbSQS were 1740 bp and 1257 bp in length, respectively. Gene structure display server analysis revealed that there were four introns in the gDNA of CbHMGR and no intron in the gDNA of CbSQS. The analyses of their deduced amino acid sequences showed that these two genes had the typical domains shown in homologous proteins. The phylogenetic relationship between the two genes and their homologous genes were consistent with their natural evolution. The GCMS results of enzymatic activity assays showed that CbHMGR catalysed the formation of mevalonate from HMG-CoA. CbSQS catalysed the synthesis of squalene with farnesyl diphosphate as a substrate. These findings will provide a sound base for further research on the conyzasaponins biosynthetic pathway and may have applications in the synthetic biology of conyzasaponins production.
Spatial turnover of multiple ecosystem functions is more associated with plant than soil microbial β‐diversity

Biodiversity — both above-and belowground — in ﬂ uences multiple functions in terrestrial ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear whether differences in above-and belowground species composition ( β - diversity) are associated with differences in multiple ecosystem functions (e.g., spatial turnover in ecosystem function). Here, we partitioned the contributions of above-and belowground β -diversity and abiotic factors (geographic distance, differences in environments) on the spatial turnover of multiple grassland ecosystem functions. We compiled a dataset of plant and soil microbial communities and six indicators of grassland ecosystem functions (i.e., plant aboveground live biomass, plant nitrogen [N], plant phosphorus [P], root biomass, soil total N, and soil extractable P) from 18 grassland sites on four continents contributing to the Nutrient Network experiment. We used Mantel tests and structural equation models to disentangle the relationship between above-and belowground β -diversity and spatial turnover in grassland ecosystem functions. We found that the effects of abiotic factors on the spatial turnover of ecosystem functions were largely indirect through their in ﬂ uences on above-and belowground β -diversity, and that spatial turnover of ecosystem function was more strongly associated with plant β -diversity than with soil microbial β - diversity. These results indicate that changes in above-and belowground species composition are one mechanism that interacts with environmental change to determine variability in multiple ecosystem functions across spatial scales. As grasslands face global threats from shrub encroachment, conversion to agriculture, or are lost to development, the functions and services they provide will more strongly converge with increased aboveground community homogenization than with soil microbial community homogenization.
Biologically effective dose of pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D, applied preplant alone or mixed with metribuzin on glyphosate-resistant horseweed in soybean

Abstract Glyphosate resistance in weed species has presented immense challenges for farmers in Ontario. The co-application of burndown plus residual herbicides provides control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed in soybean. Pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D is a premixed herbicide formulation sold under the tradename Blackhawk®. Five field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2019, 2020) in fields in southwestern Ontario to ascertain the biologically effective dose of pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D, applied alone, or mixed with metribuzin, for GR horseweed control when applied preplant to soybean. Soybean visible injury for all treatments was <15%. At 8 wk after application (WAA), the calculated doses of pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D for 50%, 80%, and 95% control of GR horseweed were 390, 1,148, and >2,108 g ha−1, respectively. The addition of metribuzin to pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D reduced the doses of pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D for 50%, 80%, and 95% control of GR horseweed to 19, 46, and 201 g ha−1, respectively. Pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D + metribuzin controlled GR horseweed by 97%, which is comparable to the current industry standards. Based on these results, pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D + metribuzin (527 + 400 g ha−1) applied preplant can be used for GR horseweed control in soybean.
The Epoch of Reionization in Warm Dark Matter Scenarios

In this paper we investigate how the Reionization process is affected by early galaxy formation in different cosmological scenarios. We use a semi-analytic model with suppressed initial power spectra to obtain the UV Luminosity Function in thermal Warm Dark Matter and sterile neutrino cosmologies. We retrace the ionization history of intergalactic medium with hot stellar emission only, exploiting fixed and mass-dependent photons escape fraction (fesc). For each cosmology, we find an upper limit to fixed fesc, which guarantees the completion of the process at z&lt;6.7. The analysis is tested with two limit hypothesis on high-z ionized hydrogen volume fraction, comparing our predictions with observational results. We then implement a blast-wave model, which explains the genesis of UV photons escape fraction in the context of feedback and co-evolution between galaxies and Active Galactic Nuclei. Including the AGNs contribution, we find that the neutral hydrogen ionization is almost complete at z&lt;7, with a weak dependence on initial gaseous ionized fraction and accretion UV spectral slope.
Prediction in HRM research–A gap between rhetoric and reality

Funding information WOA Institution: OTTO VON GUERICKE UNIVERSITAET MAGDEBURG Blended DEAL: Projekt DEAL. Abstract There are broadly two dimensions on which researchers can evaluate their statistical models: explanatory power and predictive power. Using data on job satisfaction in ageing workforces, we empirically highlight the importance of distinguishing between these two dimensions clearly by showing that a model with a certain degree of explanatory power can produce vastly different levels of predictive power and vice versa—in the same and different contexts. In a further step, we review all the papers published in three top‐tier human resource management journals between 2014 and 2018 to show that researchers generally confuse explanation and prediction. Specifically, while almost all authors rely solely on explanatory power assessments (i.e., assessing whether the coefficients are significant and in the hypothesised direction), they also derive practical recommendations, which inherently result from a predictive scenario. Based on our results, we provide HRM researchers recommendations on how to improve the rigour of their explanatory studies.
Optimal Coupler Topology for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle

Recently, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing due to the decline of oil resources and the rising of greenhouse gas emissions. However, EVs have not received full acceptance by consumers due to the limitations of the stored energy and charging problems. The dynamic or in-motion charging solution has become a suitable choice to solve the battery-related issues. Many researchers and vehicle manufacturers are working to develop an efficient charging system for EVs. In order to improve the efficiency of the dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT), the electromagnetic coupling coefficient between the two parts of the coupler must be maximized. This paper was dedicated to find the optimal topology of a magnetic coupler with the best coupling factor while taking in consideration the displacement and the misalignment of the EV. The article is introduced by developing a methodology for characterizing the electrical parameters of couplers, followed by a comparative study of different forms of coils suitable for dynamic charging of electric vehicles. The particularity of the proposed study concerned the overall dimensions, or the areas occupied by the windings of the coils remaining the same for all the chosen shapes and corresponding to the surface that is actually available under the EV. Simulation and experimental tests were carried out to validate the proposed study.
Thermal Condition and Air Quality Investigation in Commercial Airliner Cabins

Cabin air quality and thermal conditions have a direct impact on passenger and flight crew’s health and comfort. In this study, in-cabin thermal environment and particulate matter (PM) exposures were investigated in four China domestic flights. The mean and standard deviation of the in-cabin carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in two tested flights are 1440 ± 111 ppm. The measured maximum in-cabin carbon monoxide (CO) concentration is 1.2 ppm, which is under the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limit of 10 ppm. The tested relative humidity ranges from 13.8% to 67.0% with an average of 31.7%. The cabin pressure change rates at the end of the climbing stages and the beginning of the descending stages are close to 10 hPa·min−1, which might induce the uncomfortable feeling of passengers and crew members. PM mass concentrations were measured on four flights. The results show that PM concentrations decreased after the aircraft cabin door closed and were affected by severe turbulences. The highest in-cabin PM concentrations were observed in the oldest aircraft with an age of 13.2 years, and the waiting phase in this aircraft generated the highest exposures.
Oral Health Status of Special Children in Tribal Population of Southern India

Introduction: The oral health needs of intellectually disabled are complex and may be related to underlying congenital or developmental anomalies as well as the inability to receive adequate personal and professional care to maintain. This research suggests that people with Intellectually Disability such as Mental retardation, are more likely to have poor oral hygiene, periodontal diseases and high incidence of trauma and possibly more likely to have caries than people without Intellectual disability. Aim: The study aims to assess the oral hygiene status and prevalence of malocclusion among special children in tribal population of Southern India. Materials and Methods: Mouth mirror, periodontal probe, straight explorer were used to examine the children. Results: The obtained data are subjected to chi-square test to compare between demographical variables. Statistical significance was fixed at p-value <0.001. Conclusion: We hereby conclude that the maintenance of oral hygiene is difficult among mentally disabled children due to their improper level of understanding. Therefore it is also essential to enlight or to bring awareness and knowledge among the parents, caregivers, about maintaining the proper oral hygiene status and preventive measures. Keywords: Mental Retardation, Malocclusion, Dental Caries, Periodontal Diseases, Treatment Intervention.
Perceptions of fatigue and fatigue management interventions among people with multiple sclerosis: a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis

Fatigue is the most common symptom of multiple sclerosis. Evidence supports the effectiveness of fatigue management interventions for people with multiple sclerosis. This review aimed to identify how people with multiple sclerosis experience fatigue and to examine their perceptions of fatigue management interventions. The review was conducted systematically, searching the following electronic databases: AMED, CINAHL Complete, eBook Nursing Collection, ERIC, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE, APA PsycArticles, and APA PsycInfo for original peer-reviewed empirical research published in English between January 2000 and June 2020. Qualitative and mixed-methods studies that captured the perspectives of people with multiple sclerosis on their fatigue and/or their perceptions of fatigue management interventions were included. A narrative synthesis was used to synthesise the findings. A total of 23 qualitative and eight mixed-methods studies were extracted comprising a total of 662 people with multiple sclerosis (relapsing remitting n=293; secondary progressive n=129; primary progressive n=73; relapsing progressive n=3; benign n=2; fulminant n=1; type of multiple sclerosis not reported n=161). Fatigue was perceived by people with multiple sclerosis as a debilitating symptom of the condition and which they felt impacted adversely on their lives. A lack of understanding from others about multiple sclerosis fatigue was challenging for people with multiple sclerosis. People with multiple sclerosis valued the physical and psychosocial-based content of fatigue management interventions and felt fatigue management interventions enabled them to legitimise their fatigue and feel more in control of their fatigue. From the perspective of people with multiple sclerosis, fatigue is a central and debilitating feature of the everyday experience of living with multiple sclerosis. Research on the potential of fatigue management interventions to foster control for people with multiple sclerosis to help them manage their fatigue is warranted. Healthcare professionals should consider how they can empower people with multiple sclerosis to educate others about their fatigue. Some evidence being generated for practice might not be sufficiently contextualised to different forms of multiple sclerosis.
Predicting Human Intestinal Absorption Using Chromatography and Spectroscopy

New drug entities (NDE) are constantly being developed with most of them intended for oral administration. For this reason, there is a need to estimate their absorption in order to save time and money that would be lost if the drug enters the clinical stage and is then found to exhibit poor absorption. For many years, the use of animals was the most abundant method for studying pharmacokinetics to predict parameters such as intestinal absorption. However, these methods are time consuming, and expensive as well as being ethically unfavourable. As a result, developing other methods to evaluate a drug’s pharmacokinetics is crucial. The aim of this work was to develop in vitro methods for estimation of human intestinal absorption (%HIA) to replace the use of the aforementioned, less favourable methods involving the use of animals. Among the developed methods in this thesis is a unique type of chromatography known as micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) using biosurfactants such as bile salts as a mobile phase. Furthermore, studies investigated the effect of a change in the stationary phase in addition to investigating the effect of the change in temperature on the elution of the analysed compounds. It was found that R2PRED for the developed MLC methods was in the range of 43.3 % - 91.12 %. Another developed method was a spectrophotometric method based on the use of the solubilising effects of bile salts, as well as their binding to compounds. Therefore, two spectrophotometric methods were developed, a solubilisation method and a double reciprocal method, and used in the prediction of %HIA. It was found that the solubilisation method had a better predictability for %HIA than that of the double reciprocal method where R2PRED was found to be 82.32 % and 61.90 % respectively. Finally, a permeation method was developed using the ability of NaDC to form a hydrogel under specific conditions and applying the investigated drugs in an infinite dose to the prepared hydrogels. This facilitated the determination of permeability coefficients (Kp) that were then used in the prediction of %HIA using the obtained model. The two developed permeation methods were found to have close values of R2PRED for % HIA where R2PRED of the permeation method using flow through cells was found to be 79.8 % while that of the permeation method using Franz cells was found to be 79.67 %. In summary, this work reports several unique models for the in vitro prediction of human intestinal absorption, potentially removing the need for animal testing to predict %HIA.
The effect of increased temperature and CO2 air enrichment on the nutritive value of orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) in permanent grassland

Abstract High yielding ruminant livestock require high nutritive value in forage for maintenance, growth and production. Climate change has been documented as impacting on the nutritive value of forage plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of increased temperature in combination with CO2-enhancement on the nutritive value of orchard grass (cocksfoot; Dactylis glomerata L.), as a C3 model plant, widespread in mountainous permanent grassland plant communities. Functional traits and forage quality of orchard grass were investigated both under ambient (C0T0) and under simulated, future climate conditions (C2T2) with increased temperature (+3°C) and enhanced CO2 concentration (+300 ppm) under field conditions. Plant samples were taken from each of the three growths over a period of three consecutive years and numerous functional properties and forage quality parameters were determined. Special attention was paid to the determination of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), crude protein (CP), non-protein N (NPN) and metabolizable energy (ME) as possible indicators for different climatic conditions. It is hypothesized that (i) functional traits and (ii) forage quality of orchard grass are altered by increased temperature and higher CO2 concentration. The results showed a negative impact of C2T2 compared to C0T0 on tiller height (54.4 v. 70.6 cm) and weight (2.42 v. 3.22 g) as average over cuts and years. The NPN content was lower in C2T2 (312 g/kg CP) compared to C0T0 (339 g/kg CP). In contrast, the WSC content was higher in C2T2 (90.3 g/kg DM) compared to C0T0 (82.5 g/kg DM). Both ME content and digestibility were increased in C2T2 (9.18 ME/kg DM and 68.2%) compared to C0T0 (8.86 ME/kg DM and 65.4%). Concluding, under increased temperature and enhanced CO2, both functional traits and certain nutrients and their fractions appear to change in orchard grass.
Leading in lockdown: Community, communication and compassion in response to the COVID-19 crisis

This paper examines the ways that Australian school leaders made sense of and responded to situations of crisis and uncertainty that resulted from the COVID-19 global pandemic. The paper draws on a qualitative study of the subjective experiences of eight school leaders and uses a sensemaking theoretical approach applied to crisis leadership to contribute to understanding leadership in unprecedented situations. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews undertaken in the middle of 2020. At that time participants were working through significant changes resulting from community lockdowns that required their schools to move to remote provision of education. The findings revealed these school leaders engaged in rapid processes of sensemaking and change implementation. They assessed and managed risks, relationships and resourcing in environments where usual processes of change leadership were not available to them. They reported that their attention was predominantly directed to the well-being of their communities. They noted an increase in the community leadership aspect of their role and the requirement of effective, timely and honest communication. They also demonstrated prospective sensemaking orientations in their capacity to reconfigure for a positive and productive future that could emerge from these disruptive experiences.