Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Pattern of Congenital Heart Disease among Children Admitted to Al-Sadaka Teaching Hospital , Aden . Yemen ( Jan-Dec 2016 )

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) has become increasingly important in recent years that cause great mortality and morbidity in developing countries because of late diagnosis and the few centers that offer open heart surgery. The main objective of this study was to determine the clinical pattern of congenital heart disease among admitted children to Al-Sadaka Teaching Hospital, in Aden city. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted over a one year period (1st January 31th December 2016) enrolling patients of both sexes from day one of life to 14 years. Results: A total of 102 patients were included with the median age of 10 months and a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Acyanotic CHD comprised 83 (81.4%) children and cyanotic CHD 19 (18.6%). Ventricular septal defect (VSD) (31.4%) followed by Atrial septal defect (19.6%) and Patent ductus arteriosus (15.7%) were the most common acyanotic CHD; whereas Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) followed by Transposition of great arteries (10.7%, 4.9%) respectively were the commonest cyanotic CHD. There was no statistical significance on the types of CHD in both sexes. The principal clinical presentations were breathlessness, cough, fever and recurrent chest infections (58.8 %, 52.9 %, 47.1 %, and 45.1%) respectively. The majority of patients were picked up during infancy even though the norm is neonatal diagnosis. Conclusion: Acyanotic lesions with VSD and cyanotic lesions with TOF were the commonest types of CHD in children admitted to our hospital. Early recognition, diagnosis of the problem and prompt referral of children with suspicion of CHD is mandatory for better management and if possible get corrective surgery done till establishment of pediatric cardiac center in Yemen.
Comparison of outcome between total laparoscopic hysterectomy and vaginal hysterectomy in a non- descent uterus in a tertiary care hospital

Background: The origins of hysterectomy are unclear but removal of a prolapsed gangrenous uterus is mentioned by Soranus in a manuscript dated almost two thousand years ago. Berengario from Bologna is given credit for the first authentic description of the removal of the uterus through the vagina, a procedure which is dated 1517. The first abdominal hysterectomy was a subtotal hysterectomy performed by Charles Clay in Manchester 1843. The procedure was indicated by an adnexal mass that in fact was a large fibroid and the corpus of the uterus was removed. Despite the successful operation the patient died on the 15th postoperative day. Since the time of its discovery the sole indication of vaginal hysterectomy, prolapsed uterus is even now the prime indication for vaginal hysterectomy. With the fine tuning of procedure, undeniable intra-operative and post-operative advantages of vaginal route has made it now common choice of route for hysterectomy by enthusiastic and skilled gynecologists. AIM: Comparison of outcome between total laparoscopic hysterectomy and vaginal hysterectomy in a non-descent uterus in a rural hospital. Materials and Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted for a period of 1year from March 2016 to April 2017 in Rural Development Trust Hospital, Bathalapalli, Ananthapur Dist and AIMSR, Chittoor. 100 patients who have under gone TLH and NDVH were compared for time taken for surgery, intra-operative blood loss, intra operative injuries, postoperative infections and duration of hospital stay. Results: The average duration of surgery for NDVH group is 98+44.85 (mean+ 2SD) mins and TLH group is 124+ 40. 82(mean+2SD) mins, requirement for blood transfusion is 12% in NDVH group and 14% in TLH group, there was one case of ureteric injury and one case of bladder injury in both NDVH and TLH group, one case of bowel injury in NDVH group whereas in TLH none of them got bowel injury. In NDVH group there is 4% post-operative febrile morbidity and in TLH group it is 10%. The mean duration of stay in hospital NDVH group is 4.46+0.973 and in TLH group it is 4.48+0.677 days. Conclusion: NDVH is associated with less operative time and decreased intra operative complications when compared to TLH. No significant difference in the length of hospital stay, pain scale and postoperative complications or blood transfusions noted between the two groups.
Influence of the Etiological Factors for Gingival Enlargement on some Angiogenic and Inflammatory Mediators: An immunohistochemical study

Inflammatory gingival enlargement is the most common inflammatory gingival disease and is associated with multiple factors including inflammation due to bacterial plaque colonization, as aside-effect of systemic medications, prolonged orthodontic treatment, and other etiological factors. This study investigated the effect of different etiological causes of gingival enlargement; including the treatment with cyclosporine A, the plaque, and the orthodontic treatment; on the angiogenic inflammatory mediators such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), using histopathological and immune-histochemical analysis. The results of the immune-histochemical analysis of different angiogenic inflammatory mediators in the gingival enlargement samples indicated that in cyclosporine Ainduced enlargement neither of VEGF, COX-2, 5-LO, nor TNF-α were affected, while there is a remarkable general over-expression of VEGF, COX-2, and 5-LO in the parakeratinized epithelial surface, the epithelial layer, connective tissue and in the fiber bundles regions of plaque-induced enlargement gingival. Additionally, orthodontic treatment samples indicated that there is a very high expression of VEGF in the epithelial layer of gingival but not in the connective tissue nor in the fiber bundles regions with no change in COX-2, 5-LO, nor TNF-α expression. In conclusion, this report indicated that the expression of different angiogenic and inflammatory mediators in gingival enlargement is influenced by the etiological factor that initially induced this enlargement. [Abeer Gawish, Amira M. Gamal-Eldeen, Salah H.Sherif, Amany Neamat. Influence of the Etiological Factors for Gingival Enlargement on some Angiogenic and Inflammatory Mediators: An immunohistochemical study. Journal of American Science 2010;6(12):1754-1760]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org.
Resident and Fellow Section

CASE REPORT Adeline Jann, MD The Headache Institute, Department of Neurology, Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY, USA A 52-year-old right-handed Caucasian man with a history of hypertension, chronic headaches, depression, and anxiety was referred to the Headache Institute on October 13, 2011, for an evaluation of a change in his headache pattern. The patient initially developed headaches in his twenties. These headaches were of moderate severity (6/10) and described as a pressure-like sensation. The pain was always bilateral, involving the vertex, periorbital, frontal, and temporal areas. Attacks occurred 3 times a week and usually lasted 2-4 hours. The headaches would build over 30 minutes and resolve gradually. They were not preceded by any premonitory symptoms or aura but were associated with photophobia. The headaches were precipitated by emotional stress or weather changes. He had no family history of migraines. His blood pressure was well controlled on a single agent. In May 2011, the patient developed an unusual headache. While working on his computer, he was suddenly unable to see a 2-inch section in the central part of his vision in the right eye only. (He had covered and uncovered each eye to confirm that only the right eye was affected.) After 15 minutes, he developed a severe and sudden-onset headache located in the usual bilateral location, described as a throbbing and pressure-like sensation, and rated 8.5/ 10. The headache was associated with photophobia and phonophobia. Ten minutes after the headache onset, he developed right arm numbness from his shoulder to his fingers. There was no weakness, no involvement of the face or leg, nor speech or cognitive disturbances. The visual disturbance lasted for 1.5 hours, and the right arm numbness lasted for 2 hours. The headache resolved the next morning. The patient went to a local emergency department for evaluation and had a noncontrast head computed tomography, which was normal. He was admitted to that hospital for a stroke work-up. Carotid ultrasound was normal. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain without contrast showed T2 prolonged hyperintensity in the left occipital region, which was bright on diffusion imaging but had no area of corresponding increased signal on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping (Figure A). A transthoracic echocardiogram showed an ejection fraction of 55% with no abnormalities. A repeat MRI of the brain with and without contrast 1 week later showed no sequelae of the previously visualized occipital lesion (Figure B). There was a new small hyperintensity in the right corona radiata (Figure C). MRA of the neck showed normal carotid and vertebral arteries. MRA of the brain was also normal but had an anatomic variant (fetal posterior cerebral artery [PCA]). He saw a neurologist in May and was placed on aspirin and atorvastatin. A transesophageal echocardiogram in June was normal; ISSN 0017-8748 doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2012. 02119.x Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Headache © 2012 American Headache Society
Survey of Toxic Plants in Livestock at Horro Gudurru Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia

The survey was conducted from December 2013 up to April 2014 with the objective of assessing potentially poisonous plants in and around Horro Gudurru Wollega, Western Ethiopia. A total of 354 Volunteer individuals (248 livestock owners, 69 animal health practitioners and 37 traditional healers) were interviewed using separately structured questionnaires. In this study 24 toxic plant species were identified and documented during the period in the study areas. The major problems that expose the livestock to the toxic plants as complained by study participants were predisposing factors like shortage of feed (55.6%) and nutritional deficiency (24.3%). The animals are usually poisoned at the end of rainy season (58.2%) and during the dry season (24%). The most common plant parts that cause toxicosis to the livestock were whole and leaf. Among the toxic plants Medicago burweed (39.9%) , Prunus africana (16.9%) , Plantago lanceolata (14.1%) , Braken fren (10.1%) and Snowdina, polystarch (9.3%) were the most frequently complained toxic plants in the study areas. The majority of the toxic plants that cause toxicosis to the livestock were by single exposure and bovine species were found to be susceptible poisoned animals. The present survey indicates the existence of high toxic plant in the area that needs interventions to reduce livestock exposure and further research to determine the toxicogenic ingredients of the plants. Keywords: Livestock, Livestock Owners, Toxicosis, Toxic Plants, Western Ethiopia
Libyan Secondary School Students’ Metacognitive Online Reading Strategies and Their English Language Performance

This study investigates the relationship between metacognitive online reading strategies and English language performance of EFL Libyan secondary school students. It explores the use of metacognitive online reading strategies by EFL Libyan secondary school students and identifies the problems that these students encounter while reading online. This study used mixed method design, both quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interview). Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0 for quantitative data and Nvivo version 10 for qualitative data. The results showed that there is a positive significant relationship between metacognitive online reading strategies and English performance of EFL Libyan secondary school students. The study also found that the participants are moderate users of metacognitive online reading strategies and they face problems while reading online. The study suggests that teachers teach the metacognitive online reading strategies to students to improve their online reading process and help them to get the benefits of online sources in less time with less effort, which will be reflected positively in their English language performance.
CONGENITAL SACROCOCCYGEAL TERATOMAS IN CHILDREN-A PATHOLOGISTS OVERVIEW

BACKGROUND: Sacrococcygeal teratoma is the most common congenital neoplasm and accounts for 35% to 60% of all the teratomas. It has an incidence of 1 per 30,000 to 40,000 live births with an increased prevalence of 3 to 4 times in female children. Sacrococcygeal teratomas are derived from all the three germ cell layers. Majority of the cases present at birth as a visible mass in the sacrococcygeal region. Age is an important predictor of malignancy in sacrococcygeal teratoma. Early diagnosis influences clinical decision and management, providing better outcome. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate clinicopathological features of Congenital Sacrococcygeal Teratomas and grade them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analysed 25 patients with Congenital Sacrococcygeal Teratomas presenting at Department of Pathology, Paediatric referral hospital from 2006 to 2012.Cases were reviewed and graded in a manner similar to grading of Ovarian Teratomas. RESULTS: We reviewed 25 patients with congenital sacrococcygeal teratoma. There were 20 girls and 5 boys with the age ranges from 1 day to 6 years. Majority of the cases (72%) were seen in the age group below 1 month of age. There were 20 cases of mature and 5 cases of immature teratoma. The most common clinical presentation was sacrococcygeal mass in both and mature and immature teratomas. CONCLUSION: Sacrococcygeal teratomas when diagnosed at birth reveal fully differentiated tissues and are benign on histopathology. Meticulous search for immature or malignant component should be instituted as it helps in therapeutic decisions. Histopathological grading of immature tissue in sacrococcygeal teratomas does not correlate directly with prognosis.
The Relative Impacts of Planned Preemptive vs

Second language acquisition (SLA) researchers contend that focus on form (FonF) instruction plays a pivotal role in the course of language acquisition. Focus on form (FonF) instruction is learner-centered and is consistent with the learner’s internal syllabus. There has been an ongoing query in the literature as to whether focus on form should occur prior to error commitment or be reactive to the actual errors of the learners during the task. In this regard, this study tried to explore the effectiveness as well as the relative impacts of planned preemptive vs. delayed reactive focus on form on lexical resource of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ oral production in meaningoriented interviews. The study adopted a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design including two experimental groups, each receiving a distinct treatment during the whole semester. The participants of the study were a total of 19 upper-intermediate adult all-female students. Paired-samples t-test and independent-samples t-test were utilized to evaluate and compare the differing effects of the two treatments respectively. The findings of the study demonstrated that both types of form-focused instructions are conducive to learners’ oral production lexical resource. One of the interesting findings of the present study was that preemptive focus on form can be planned in advance on the basis of teachers’ experience, which can lead to a blurred dichotomy between planned and incidental focus on form.
Processing and Assessment of Quality Characteristics of Corn-peanut Flakes

Proximate composition, anti-nutritional compounds and sensory quality attributes of flakes based on corn and peanut for possible use as ready to eat food. The product takes were prepared as per the standard protocol from corn peanut blends in the ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30. The analysis of flakes revealed significant differences among different blends. On basis of sensory evaluation the flakes prepared from germinated corn flour: roasted peanut flour of (80: 20) attained highest overall acceptability score (8.57±0.01) and it contained 9. 94 ±0.04 % crude fat, 16.24 ±0.04 % crude protein, 2.56 ±0.01% crude fibre, 3.12±0.02% ash, 64.27±0.07% carbohydrate content and 2.92±0.01 mg/100g β-carotene. The results obtained in this study also showed that flakes prepared from germinated corn flour: roasted peanut flour of 80: 20 contained 14.60±0.01 mg/100g calcium, 0.86±0.01 mg/100g zinc and 0.73±0.01 mg/100g iron.
Clinical characteristics of perivascular space and brain CT perfusion in stroke-free patients with intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis of different extents

Background This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of perivascular space (PVS) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in stroke-free patients with intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis of different extents. Methods Two hundred and twenty-two patients received carotid artery ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cranial computed tomography angiography (CTA) and computed tomography perfusion (CTP). PVS was scored. The extents of intracranial and extracranial arteriosclerosis were evaluated based on the scores of intracranial and extracranial arteriosclerosis. CTP was done to determine the CBF in the region of interest (ROI). The risk factors of vascular disease were assessed in patients with and without PVS. The relationship between PVS and CBF was evaluated among patients with different scores of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis. Results The incidences of intracranial atherosclerosis and extracranial carotid plaque were higher in PVS patients. Subjects with intracranial and/or extracranial arteriosclerosis also had a higher incidence of PVS as compared to controls. The score of intracranial and/or extracranial arteriosclerosis was positively related to the score of basal ganglia PVS. Patients with intracranial and/or extracranial arteriosclerosis had lower CBF as compared to controls. The CBF was negatively associated with the intracranial and/or extracranial arteriosclerosis and the PVS score. Conclusions The incidence of PVS in patients with intracranial and extracranial arteriosclerosis is higher than in patients without arteriosclerosis. The extent of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis is related to PVS, especially the basal ganglia PVS. The decreased CBF may be associated with the occurrence of PVS.
Data Mining Techniques for Mining Query Logs in Web Search Engines

The Web is the biggest repository of documents humans have ever built. Even more, it is increasingly growing in size every day. Users rely on Web search engines (WSEs) for finding information on the Web. By submitting a textual query expressing their information need, WSE users obtain a list of documents that are highly relevant to the query. Moreover, WSEs store such huge amount of users activities in query logs. Query log mining is the set of techniques aiming at extracting valuable knowledge from query logs. This knowledge represents one of the most used ways of enhancing the users search experience. The primary focus of this work is on introducing the data mining techniques for mining query logs in web search engines and showing how search engines applications may benefit from this mining.
Novel prognostic nomograms for female patients with breast cancer and bone metastasis at presentation

Background There is a paucity of literature about prognostic evaluation for patients with breast cancer (BC) and bone metastasis at presentation. To date, little is known about how to accurately predict the prognosis of BC patients with bone metastasis at presentation. Thus, an accurate prediction tool of prognosis in this population is urgently needed. Our goal is to construct novel and prognostic nomograms for BC patients with bone metastasis at presentation. Methods We searched Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for BC patients with bone metastasis at presentation between 2010 and 2016. Multivariate analysis was performed to obtain significantly independent variables. Then, novel prognostic nomograms were constructed based on those independent predictors. Results Tumor grade, histological type, primary tumor size, tumor subtype, surgery, chemotherapy and number of metastatic organs except bone were recognized as significantly independent variables of both overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Then those significant variables were integrated to construct nomograms for 3- and 5-year survival. Calibration plots for the 3- and 5-year survival in training and validation sets showed that the prediction curve was close to a 45 degree slash. The C-indices of OS in training and validation cohorts were 0.705 and 0.678, respectively. Similar results were observed for CSS in training and validation cohorts. Conclusions Our proposed nomograms can effectively and accurately predict the prognosis of BC patients with bone metastasis at presentation, which provide a basis for individual treatments for metastatic lesions.
Pharmacogenetics in Epilepsy Treatment-A Predictor of Therapeutic Efficacy

Inter-individual differences in response to antiepileptic drugs in the form of reduced efficacy or drug toxicity are the major problems in the treatment of epilepsy. Moreover, adverse drug reactions are a major cause of concern because of fatal risk to patient’s life accompanied with loss of substantial amount of money. Considerable interest has been developed among researchers in digging out the association of genetic variants with a particular treatment/drug variation. A few candidate gene studies and genome wide association studies have focused on gene variants involved in metabolism, transport and target receptors leading to antiepileptic drug variation. Pharmacogenetics promises to predict and prescribe the right drug to the right patient in right doses to maximize the therapeutic benefit and to minimize the adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs. Translation of pharmacogenetics into clinical practice would result into development of an exclusive system of prescribing antiepileptic drugs based on genetic analysis. The concept of ‘one dose fits for all’ has to be replaced with ‘Individual genotype responsible for drug response’. The diagnosis and decision making process in the form of personalized medicine in epilepsy would precise the drug dosage in epileptic patients with optimization and rationalization of epilepsy therapy.
Duration of Endometrial Preparation and Essure Hysteroscopic Sterilization Placement Success

Study Design: An institutional review board (IRB) approved retrospective cohort study of all women who underwent hysteroscopic sterilization from August 2003 to April 2010 in an urban academic center in Chicago, Illinois was performed. Exclusion criteria included insufficient or incomplete data. Variables including Essure placement success, type and duration of endometrial preparation, demographic factors and hysterosalpingogram (HSG) occlusion rates were compared using chi-square and co-relational analyses.
Case study: New evidence of a piriformis variant inserting onto the hip joint capsule

In this case study we present new evidence of a piriformis muscle variant inserting onto the hip joint capsule similar to that described by Tubbs and Salter. The variant was also atypical in that it originated medial to the first anterior sacral foramina and therefore obscured the union of the S1 nerve root and lumbosacral trunk. We believe this is the first instance that this variant has been noted.