Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationships in late life from a personal communities approach: perspectives of older people in Chile

Abstract Although the literature on social capital, social support and social networks uses the concept of emotional support, studies rarely recognise nuances of the emotional relationships in late life. Using a personal communities framework, we examine the subjective meaning of family and friendship ties that form the network of emotionally close relationships of a cohort of Chilean people between 60 and 74 years of age. Chile is an interesting case to investigate personal communities, as the country is facing both a rapid process of population ageing and the consequences of abrupt socio-cultural changes triggered by a military government. We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews using personal communities diagrams that enabled study participants to reflect on what and how different types of personal ties were important to them. Data analysis included thematic analysis of interview transcripts and classification of identified personal communities using Pahl and Spencer's typology. The personal communities framework proved useful in capturing the composition of older people's networks of close relationships and in reflecting the diverse ways different ties are relevant in late life. We further developed a complementary typology based on the distinction between ‘clustered’ and ‘hierarchical’ personal communities. This complementary typology adds a cultural dimension to understand better emotional closeness in late life in a context of rapid socio-cultural changes affecting levels of social trust.
Closed-formed solutions of geometric albedos and phase curves of exoplanets for any reflection law

The albedo of a celestial body is the frac-tion of light reﬂected by it. Studying the albe-dos of the planets and moons of the Solar Sys-tem dates back at least a century [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Of particular interest is the relationship between the albedo measured at superior conjunction (full phase), known as the “geometric albedo”, and the albedo considered over all phase angles, known as the “spherical albedo” [2, 6, 7]. Modern astronom-ical facilities enable the measurement of geomet-ric albedos from visible/optical secondary eclipses [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20] and the inference of the Bond albedo (spherical albedo measured over all wavelengths) from in-frared phase curves [21, 22, 23, 24, 25] of transit-ing exoplanets. Determining the relationship be-tween the geometric and spherical or Bond albe-dos usually involves complex numerical calculations [26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32] and closed-form solu-tions are restricted to simple reﬂection laws [33, 34]. Here we report the discovery of closed-form solu-tions for the geometric albedo and integral phase function that apply to any law of reﬂection. The integral phase function is used to obtain the phase integral, which is the ratio of the spherical to the geometric albedos. The generality of the solu-tions stems from a judicious choice of the coor-dinate system in which to perform diﬀerent parts of the derivation. The closed-formed solutions have profound implications for interpreting obser-vations. The shape of a reﬂected light phase curve and the secondary eclipse depth may now be self-consistently inverted to retrieve fundamental phys-ical parameters (single-scattering albedo, scatter-ing asymmetry factor, cloud cover). Fully-Bayesian phase curve inversions for reﬂectance maps and si-multaneous light curve detrending may now be per-formed, without the need for binning in time, due to the eﬃciency of computation. We demonstrate these innovations for the hot Jupiter Kepler-7b, inferring a revised geometric albedo of 0.12 ± 0.02, a Bond albedo of 0.18 ± 0.03 and a phase integral of 1.5 ± 0.1, which is consistent with isotropic scatter-ing. The scattering asymmetry factor is 0.04±0.15, implying that the aerosols are small compared to the wavelengths probed by the Kepler space tele-scope. In the near future, one may use the closed-form solutions discovered here to extract funda-mental parameters, across wavelength, from multi-wavelength phase curves of both gas-giant and ter-restrial exoplanets measured by the James Webb Space Telescope.
Human Occupant Kinematic Response to Low Speed Rear-End Impacts

Human volunteer kinematic response to low speed rear-end collisions was investigated. Nominal 16 kph (10 mph) car-to-car impacts were conducted, using human volunteers and anthropometric dummies. The human volunteers were both male and female, aged 27 to 58 years, with various degrees of cervical and lumbar spinal degeneration (documented by MRI scan) at the time of the tests. Human volunteer response was monitored and analyzed via accelerometers and high speed film. The impacts resulted in no injury to any of the human volunteers, and no objective changes in the condition of their cervical or lumbar spines. The results indicate a minimum injury tolerance to low speed rear-end impacts for males and females with various degrees of spinal degeneration. Kinematic responses of the head, mandible, upper torso and knees are discussed in light of existing theories regarding injury causation and tolerance. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 874898.
The efficacy of visual feedback to enhance sporting performance with specific reference to field hockey

The purpose of this thesis was to determine the efficacy of visual feedback for enhancing the sporting performance offield hockey players. To achieve this, the thesis was subdivided into two study areas, physical and skilled performance. The research questions for this thesis are: 1. What are the physical demands of the 'modem' female field hockey match? (Chapter 5) 2. Is the 5-m Multiple Shuttle Test (5-m MST) a reliable test for female hockey players? (Chapter 6) 3. Is the 5-m MST a valid test for determining fitness levels for female field hockey players? (Chapter 7) 4. Is a normative profile for field hockey performance established after half a season? (Chapter 8) 5. Can visual feedback be used to enhance skilled performance during competitive hockey matches? (Chapter 9) Visual feedback of sport can be used to improve our understanding of both physical and skilled performance. However, the scienti'fic efficacy of this technique is not fully understood. Therefore this thesis will aim to increase the data available on field hockey and enhance our knowledge and implementation of visual feedback. The physical demands of the 'modern' female field hockey match were determined by quantifying the displacement of the players (n = 11) every 15 seconds during a match (n = 3). The results for each match and each half Un ive rsi ty of Ca pe To wn
Validity of FAA-approved color vision tests for Class II and Class III aeromedical screening.

Abstract : All clinical color vision tests currently used in the medical examination of pilots were studied regarding validity for prediction of performance on practical tests of ability to discriminate the aviation signal colors, red, green, and white given under both day and night conditions. Those same practical tests are given to pilots with color vision deficiency who apply for a waiver of the Class II or Class III color vision standards. Subjects with varying type and degree of color vision deficiency (n=122) and subjects with normal color vision (n=120) were classified with the anomaloscope and given both practical and clinical tests. The clinical color vision tests included the American Optical Company plates (1965 and 1940 Editions), AOCHRR plates (2nd Edition), Ishihara plates (14-, 16-, 24-, and 38-plate tests), Dvorine plates, Richmond plates, Farnsworth Lantern, School of Aviation Medicine Color Threshold Tester, Titmus Tester, Titmus II Tester, OPTEC 2000 Tester, and Keystone Orthoscope/Telebinocular test. The criterion tests required naming the colors of actual signals produced by the Aviation Signal Light, with the same test procedures and viewing distances used in actual practical tests. The Farnsworth Lantern and several plate tests were the best clinical tests for predicting ability to identify the colors of aviation signals. Individuals with color vision deficiency identified signal colors better at night than during the day. Recommendations for improving the disposition criteria of some clinical tests, and for discontinuing several obsolete tests are discussed. Aviation signal lights, Color vision screening, Color vision deficiency
Asymmetric Transition Effects of the Exchange Rate on Consumer Prices in Turkey

This study examines the relationship between nominal exchange rates and consumer price index (CPI) in Turkey for the period 2003:012018:02 by using monthly data. According to the results of bound testing to cointegration under NARDL approach, CPI is found to be correlated with positive and negative exchange rate baskets in the long run. Moreover, a 1% of depreciation and appreciation in TL results in 0.24% and 0.17% increase in CPI, respectively. Therefore, the amount of increase in CPI due to rising exchange rates is greater than that of an increase due to falling exchange rates in the period studied.
Science Business: The Promise, the Reality, and the Future of Biotech

Why has the biotechnology industry failed to perform up to expectations--despite all its promise? In Science Business, Gary P. Pisano answers this question by providing an incisive critique of the industry. Pisano not only reveals the underlying causes of biotech's problems; he offers the most sophisticated analysis yet on how the industry works. And he provides clear prescriptions for companies, investors, and policy makers seeking ways to improve the industry's performance. According to Pisano, the biotech industry's problems stem from its special character as a science-based business. This character poses three unique business challenges: how to finance highly risky investments under profound uncertainty and long time horizons for R&D, how to learn rapidly enough to keep pace with advances in drug science knowledge, and how to integrate capabilities across a broad spectrum of scientific and technological knowledge bases.The key to fixing the industry? Business models, organisational structures, and financing arrangements that place greater emphasis on integration and long-term learning over shorter--term 'monetisation' of intellectual property. Pisano maintains that all industry players--biotech firms, investors, universities, pharmaceutical companies, government regulators--can play a role in righting the industry. The payoff? Valuable improvements in health care, and a shinier future for human well-being.
The impact of organizational characteristics on AMT adoption: A study of Egyptian manufacturers

Purpose – This research seeks to empirically explore and examine the impact of organizational characteristics, i.e. firm size, type of production system, organizational design and type of ownership, on advanced manufacturing technology (AMTs) adoption in the Egyptian industrial sector; and to identify the similarities and dissimilarities of the nature of AMT adoption in Egypt compared to different contexts.Design/methodology/approach – The analysis was based on a survey of 200 Egyptian manufacturing firms where 61 relevant responses were received (response rate of 30.5 percent). Findings – The need for adopting AMTs is likely to be greater when companies are larger and their marketing strategy involves a combination of make to order and make to stock products.Practical implications – Improving work force' skills through enhancing training programs is important for the successful implementation of AMTs.Originality/value – The current study presents the state of the art of AMT adoption in Egypt. So, it will .
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF AN ORIGIN-DESTINATION SURVEY

THE FIELD THEORY OF LAND USE AND THE MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE IS AN ATTEMPT TO SIMULATE EXISTING PATTERNS OF MOVEMENT AND TO PREDICT FUTURE PATTERNS OF MOVEMENT WITHIN URBAN AREAS. IN THREE PREVIOUS STUDIES, IN WHICH ONLY WORK TRIPS HAVE BEEN SIMULATED, THE THEORY HAS YIELDED RESULTS WHICH HAVE BEEN AT LEAST CONSISTENT WITH THE RESULTS OF CORRESPONDING ORIGIN AND DESTINATION SURVEYS. IN 1957 AND O-D SURVEY WAS MADE OF THE CEDAR RAPIDS-MARION , IOWA AREA. EVERY SEVENTH HOUSEHOLD WAS INTERVIEWED, AND AN EXTERNAL CORDON WAS ESTABLISHED. THE RESULTS OF THIS SURVEY COMBINED WITH LAND USE AND TRAVEL TIME DATA WERE USED TO CREATE A GRAVITY MODEL OF THE AREA. AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO SIMULATE BY MEANS OF THE FIELD THEORY THE WORK-TRIP PATTERN FOUND BY THE O-D SURVEY OF CEDAR RAPIDS. WHEN IT WAS FOUND THAT THE RESULTS OF THE THEORY DID NOT, IN GENERAL, COMPARE FAVORABLY WITH THE RESULTS OF THE SURVEY, BOTH SETS OF DATA WERE EXAMINED IN CONSIDERABLE DETAIL IN AN EFFORT TO FIND THE CAUSE OR LOCATION OF THE MAJOR DISCREPANCIES. THE WORK TRIPS AND CBD TRIPS FOUND BY THE SURVEY ARE EXAMINED AND THE CONCLUSION REACHED THAT THE THEORY PREDICTS A MORE LOGICAL PATTERN OF MOVEMENT THAN THAT REPORTED BY THE SURVEY. APPARENTLY ILLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE SURVEY ARE POINTED OUT, AND THE QUESTION OF WHETHER THE THEORY MAY NOT BE MORE ACCURATE THAN THE SURVEY IS RAISED. THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE EXPECTED PROBABILITY OF ERROR OF SUCH A SURVEY IS NOTED. DATA FROM THE GRAVITY MODEL ARE PRESENTED, BUT NOT COMMENTED UPON.
Preference indices for shrubs browsed by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in northeastern Mexico

deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in northeastern Mexico Índices de preferencia de arbustivas ramoneadas por el venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) en el noreste de México Juan E. Segura-Carmona; Hugo Bernal-Barragán; Rogelio Carrera-Treviño; Humberto Ibarra-Gil* Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Agronomía, Campus de Ciencias Agropecuarias. General Francisco Villa s/n, Ex Hacienda el Canadá, C.P. 66054 Gral. Escobedo, N.L. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Agropecuarias. General Francisco Villa s/n, Ex Hacienda el Canadá, C.P. 66054 Gral. Escobedo, N.L. *Corresponding author: hibarra_gil@hotmail.com Cell phone:8115316631
Influence of Surgical Nurses’ Information Behaviour on Surgical Patients’ Pain Relief in Teaching Hospitals in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Surgical patients need prompt and adequate pain relief after surgery. This required surgical nurses’ need to acquire and use information to facilitate pain relief. The ability of surgical nurses’ to seek and use pain management information would enhance patients’ pain relief. Based on this assumption, the study investigated influence of nurses’ information behaviour on surgical patients’ pain relief in teaching hospitals in Port Harcourt. The study adopted survey design. A total sample of 786 drawn from the population of 3854 included 152 surgical nurses, 317 surgical patients, and 317 medication charts of the surgical patients using Krejcie and Morgan table. Multistage sampling technique was applied to select the participants. A validated questionnaire which was partly adapted, and medication charts audit checklist were used for data collection. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the constructs ranged from 0.74 to 0.90. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Findings revealed that nurses’ information behaviour components (Adj. R2 = 0.146, (F(2.143) =13.362, p<0.05) had significant positive relative influence on surgical patients’ pain relief. Nurses information behaviour ( R 2 = 0.144, β = 0.380, p <0.05, significantly influence surgical patients’ pain relief F (1,144) = 24.253, p< 0.05). Findings revealed that surgical nurses’ information behaviour was very good, average weighted mean (M = 3.46). Further findings showed that surgical patients’ level of pain relief was very high (M = 1.75). The study concludes that nurses’ information behaviour improved surgical patients’ pain relief in teaching hospitals in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study recommends that surgical nurses should improve on their information seeking and use behaviour to maintain pain relief among surgical patients.
Screening hypoxia-related genes as prognostic biomarkers and modeling the individualized prognostic predictor in hepatocellular carcinoma

Background Hypoxia closely relates to malignant progression and appears to be prognostic for outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our research aims to mine the Hypoxic related genes (HRGs) on the role of clinical prognosis in HCC. Moreover, we construct and define a model of prognostic predictor (PP) to estimate and improve prognosis of HCC patients.Results 37 differentially expressed HRGs were obtained. It contained 28 up-regulated and 9 down-regulated genes. After the univariate Cox regression model analysis, we obtained 27 prognosis-related HRGs. Of these, 25 genes were risk factors for cancer and 2 genes were protective factors. The PP was composed of the 10 key genes (HDLBP, SAP30, PFKP, DPYSL4, SLC2A1, PGK1, ERO1A, LDHA, ENO2, TPI1), and significantly divided patients of HCC into high- and low-risk groups according to overall survival (OS) ( P <0.001). We got the Area Under Curve(AUC) value of risk score calculated by PP was 0.777, which much bigger than other clinical parameters. Besides, PP was verified as an independent prognosis-related parameter (in univariate analyse, HR=1.484, 95% CI=1.342–1.642, P<0.001; in multivariate analyse, HR=1.414, 95% CI=1.258–1.588, P <0.001). Finally, the application of PP in clinic was concluded that the higher the patient's risk score, the higher the corresponding tumor stage and T stage, and the patient's prognosis was poor.Conclusions This study provides hypoxic related molecular targets for the therapeutic intervention. In addition, an individualized prognostic predictor was constructed to predict prognosis for HCC patients .
Team Software Process (TSP)

The Team Software Process (TSP)SM (Team Software Process and TSP are service marks of Carnegie Mellon University.) guides engineering teams in developing software-intensive products. Early experience with the TSP shows that its use improves the quality and productivity of engineering teams while helping them to more precisely meet cost and schedule commitments. The TSP is designed for use with teams of 2–20 members, and the larger multi-team TSPmSM (Multi-team Team Software Process and TSPm are service marks of Carnegie Mellon University.) process is designed for teams of up to about 150 members. While TSP versions are planned for larger projects, they are not available at the time of this writing. This article describes the TSP and how it was developed. Starting with a brief background discussion of software quality, the article provides an overview of the basic elements of teamwork. It then describes the relationships among the TSP, PSPSM, (The Personal Software Process and PSP are service marks of Carnegie Mellon University.) and CMM® (Capability Maturity Model and CMM are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.) process improvement initiatives. The article also describes how the TSP was developed, the TSP process structure, launching a TSP team, the TSP teamworking process, and the issues and methods for introducing the TSP. The article concludes with a review of TSP experience, current status, and trends. Keywords: team software process (TSP); software quality; teamwork; structure; teamworking process; quality; TSP experience; TSPintroduction
Effect of Surgery on The Prognosis of Stage ⅢB non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

For patients with stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the current recommended immunotherapy maintenance treatment after concurrent chemoradiotherapy is not demonstrated whether such patients can be benefit from surgical treatment. We collected clinical data from patients with stage IIIB NSCLC from the surveillance, epidemiological, and final results (SEER) databases. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the effect of surgical treatment on the survival of stage IIIB NSCLC. We use surgery as a variable to divide into surgical and non-surgical groups. Between the two groups, only age is different (p = 0.017), and there is no significant difference at race (P = 0.531), gender (P = 0.051), tumor primary site (P = 0.385), tumor differentiation grade (P = 0.103), T stage (P = 0.094), and N stage (P = 0.071). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that gender, tumor differentiation, stage and primary site had an effect on overall survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the median survival time of stage IIIB NSCLC in the surgical group (13 months, 95% CI (7.400 to 18.600 months)) was higher than that in the non-surgical group (3 months, 95% CI (2.482 to 3.518 months)) was significantly prolonged by 10 months (P < 0.001). The Cox proportional hazard modelled analysis showed that the overall survival of stage IIIB NSCLC was 2.395 times the 95% CI (1.77 to 3.241 months) for the non-surgical group (P < 0.001). We conclude that some patients with stage IIIB NSCLC who can tolerate surgery may benefit from surgery.
Forest Harvesting Productivity and Cost in Maine: New Tools and Processes

The forest industry is a capital intensive business and therefore high efficiency in management and forest operations is a must. Maine has millions of acres of forest stands with tree diameters smaller than 30 cm. The harvest productivity in such stands is low compared to stands with larger diameter trees. A recent harvest productivity study in Maine identified operational constraints for whole tree harvest systems, but efforts to improve active harvest operations by implementing experimental system configurations would be expensive and time consuming. A common practice to reduce costs and time consumption of research projects is to develop simulation models and implement new ideas within them. We developed a production efficiency model that leverages an agentbased modeling approach to investigate the effectiveness of different experimental equipment configurations and technical improvements within the communication of harvesting equipment. The model is based on the interaction of two common forest machines (grapple skidder and stroke delimber) and incorporates empirical cycle time estimates from research in Maine. Four scenarios have been developed to investigate baseline conditions, two GPS/GIS improvements, and the use of two grapple skidders. The goal of this paper is to document a new agent based model that investigates the effectiveness of experimental harvesting system changes and to investigate the effect of hardwood component on machine idle time and productivity. Results showed that system productivity was affected by skidding distance, bunch spacing, and removal
ICT Curriculum Transformation of Mathematics in Primary Schools

Integral calculus is often taught in high schools to students aged fifteen or older. The project described in this paper investigates the possibility of introducing these concepts and capabilities to students aged 10 to 12 years using computer based algebra system software. At the end of the programme, the students attempt a test based on first year engineering degree calculus examinations. The results clearly show that properly structured programmes utilising appropriate technology can impart the required knowledge and skills to students, even at ages below the target range. In addition, the paper compares the performance of students in four Australian states in their understanding and skill in the handling of the more complicated application questions, with a trend indicating that students from urban schools are outperforming their peers in rural schools. Females also demonstrated better skills at solving real world problems contrary to published data.