Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Carotenoids and Norisoprenoids as Carotenoid Degradation Products in Pandan Leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.)

Leaves from Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. , known as pandan leaves, are used as natural colorants, natural flavor, and herbal medicine in Indonesia. These leaves are sources of natural colorants, which are mostly of carotenoid origin. In addition, carotenoids can act as precursors of several aroma impact compounds such as norisoprenoids. The research objective of this study was to determine carotenoids by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography photo diode array and to determine norisoprenoids by Head Space Solid Phase Micro Extraction Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry (HS-SPME GC-MS) with the aim to promote pandan leaves as potential natural flavor and natural colorants. β-carotene and lutein were found as major carotenoids in pandan leaves. Three different norisoprenoids (α-ionone, β-ionone, and β-cyclocitral) were identified in pandan leaves along with their carotenoid precursors (α-carotene and β-carotene).
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity and crystal structure of silver and copper complexes of sulfamethazine

Silver(I) and copper(II) complexes of 4-amino-N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl) benzenesulfonamide (smz) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and infrared (IR), 1H NMR, and UV–vis spectroscopy. [Ag(smz)(pyridine)] (1) crystallizes in monoclinic system with space group P21/c and Z = 4, while [Cu(smz)2(pyridine)2]·H2O (2) crystallizes in triclinic system with space group P-1 and Z = 2. X-ray analysis revealed that silver in 1 is four-coordinate exhibiting distorted tetrahedral geometry, while copper in 2 is coordinated to six nitrogens leading to a highly distorted octahedral geometry. The molecular structures of both 1 and 2 are stabilized by N–H⋯O and C–H⋯π intermolecular and C–H⋯O intramolecular interactions. Water plays a significant role in crystal packing by forming strong N–H⋯Owater intramolecular as well as Owater–H⋯N intermolecular interactions in 2. The results of IR, UV–vis, 1H NMR spectral data and thermal analysis for 1 and 2 suggest that the binding of silver and copper to the sulfonamidic nitrogen is in agreement with the crystal structure determination. Antimicrobial activities of silver (1) and copper (2) complexes of sulfamethazine are studied by the dilution method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains. Two new transition metal (Ag and Cu) complexes of sulfamethazine with different stoichiometries and coordination environments are synthesized, characterized, and tested as antimicrobial agents.
Differential roles of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 in embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte differentiation

ABSTRACT N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has emerged as a crucial epitranscriptomic mark which regulates a broad spectrum of physiological processes including stem cell differentiation. m6A-binding YTHDF proteins have recently been proposed to mediate differentiation of leukemia cell in a redundant manner. However, whether these proteins play semblable roles in pluripotent stem cell remain largely unknown. Here, we showed the differential functions of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 in controlling the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Depletion of YTHDF3 in ESCs resulted in loss of pluripotency with accelerated expressions of marker genes involved in formation of three germ layers. Phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that loss of YTHDF1 led to dramatic impairment of cardiomyocytes (CMs) differentiation, accompanied by downregulated CM-specific genes. While, knockdown of YTHDF3 accelerated differentiation through facilitating the expressions of CM-specific gene. Notably, YTHDF3 appears to modulate cellular differentiation partially through suppression of YTHDF1, supporting the distinguishable but interrelated roles of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 in cell fate determination.
“Better dead than being mocked”: an anthropological study on perceptions and attitudes towards unwanted pregnancy and abortion in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Abstract Unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion contribute significantly to the burden of maternal suffering, ill health and death in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This qualitative study examines the vulnerabilities of women and girls regarding unwanted pregnancy and abortion, to better understand their health-seeking behaviour and to identify barriers that hinder them from accessing care. Data were collected in three different areas in eastern DRC, using in-depth individual interviews, group interviews and focus group discussions. Respondents were purposively sampled. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcriptions were screened for relevant information, manually coded and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Perceptions and attitudes towards unwanted pregnancy and abortion varied across the three study areas. In North Kivu, interviews predominantly reflected the view that abortions are morally reprehensible, which contrasts the widespread practice of abortion. In Ituri many perceive abortions as an appropriate solution for reducing maternal mortality. Legal constraints were cited as a barrier for health professionals to providing adequate medical care. In South Kivu, the general view was one of opposition to abortion, with some tolerance towards breastfeeding women. The main reasons women have abortions are related to stigma and shame, socio-demographics and finances, transactional sex and rape. Contrary to the prevailing critical narrative on abortion, this study highlights a significant need for safe abortion care services. The proverb “Better dead than being mocked” shows that women and girls prefer to risk dying through unsafe abortion, rather than staying pregnant and facing stigma for an unwanted pregnancy.
HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome c Oxidase Biogenesis and Function

The biogenesis and function of eukaryotic cytochrome c oxidase or mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV) undergo several levels of regulation to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Adaptation to hypoxia and oxidative stress involves CIV subunit isoform switch, changes in phosphorylation status, and modulation of CIV assembly and enzymatic activity by interacting factors. The latter include the Hypoxia Inducible Gene Domain (HIGD) family yeast respiratory supercomplex factors 1 and 2 (Rcf1 and Rcf2) and two mammalian homologs of Rcf1, the proteins HIGD1A and HIGD2A. Whereas Rcf1 and Rcf2 are expressed constitutively, expression of HIGD1A and HIGD2A is induced under stress conditions, such as hypoxia and/or low glucose levels. In both systems, the HIGD proteins localize in the mitochondrial inner membrane and play a role in the biogenesis of CIV as a free unit or as part as respiratory supercomplexes. Notably, they remain bound to assembled CIV and, by modulating its activity, regulate cellular respiration. Here, we will describe the current knowledge regarding the specific and overlapping roles of the several HIGD proteins in physiological and stress conditions.
Experiences of Faculty Members Giving Corrective Feedback to Medical Trainees in a Clinical Setting.

INTRODUCTION Imperative to medical training is the observation and provision of feedback. In this era of competency-based medical education, feedback is one of the core components of this new model. A better understanding of the medical faculty's attitudes and experiences when providing feedback is essential. Currently, there are limited qualitative studies that have explored attitudes and experiences of faculty members when giving corrective feedback to medical trainees. METHODS To allow an in-depth exploration of this phenomenon, a hermeneutics phenomenology approach was used, by conducting semistructured interviews with 10 faculty members representing six disciplines and used thematic analysis to create data-driven codes and identify key themes through an iterative consensus-building process. RESULTS Four themes were identified by the authors. (1) Elements of effective feedback, (2) Faculty members' perception of giving corrective feedback, (3) Challenges as it relates to the assessment culture of the institution, and (4) Providing effective corrective feedback as a mutual process focused on relationship building between learners and preceptors. DISCUSSION By exploring faculty members' perceptions of providing perceived corrective feedback, we identified actionable recommendations based on the study participants' experiences, expectations, and challenges which could be addressed involving future faculty development with the focus on modifying concepts of feedback and institutional changes that will promote an attitudinal and a cultural shift.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AGAINST SALMONELLA SER. TYPHI

Salmonella ser. Typhi is common pathogenic bacteria found in the environmental reservoirs, responsible for major disease outbreaks. Prevalence of drug-resistant strains of Salmonella ser. Typhi in environment is alarming for human health. The present study aims to generate drug-resistance profiling of Salmonella ser. Typhi, isolated from potable water of Gwalior and develop an alternative antimicrobial agent. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by chemical approach and characterised by UV-visible spectroscopy and Electron Microscopy. The morphology of nanoparticles was found to be quite spherical within the size range of 20-30 nm. Synthesized AuNPs were used as antimicrobial agent against drug-resistant Salmonella ser. Typhi. Study revealed that the synthesized AuNPs were effective against Salmonella ser. Typhi. The study can further be used in development of a potential antimicrobial agent against drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria.
Modeling of EURO STOXX 50 index price returns based on industrial production surprises: basic and machine learning approach

There are a big number of researches which analyzing stock price returns. Some of them is based on fundamental analysis theory. Meanwhile other studies are based on efficient market hypotheses and financial behavior theories. However, there is not enough researches combining the characteristics of these theories into one. Such kind of researches in the scientific literature is usually referred to macroeconomic news, announcements, surprises, expectations studies. These studies examine not only the actual but also the predictive values of macroeconomic indicators announcements, normalizing them and thus creating absolutely a new surprise indicator. Purpose of this paper is modeling EURO STOXX 50 index price returns based on Industrial production surprise indicator. Empirical part shows that the best models for explaining EURO STOXX 50 index price returns was obtained at the 40 and 42 in different surprise indicator scenario. The coefficient of determination was obtained respectively 24.70% and 21,80%. Meanwhile applying machine learning method of artificial intelligence, a much more accurate models were obtained. The coefficient of determination respectively was 33,22% and 26,60%.
EaD: a Collision-free and High Performance Deduplication Scheme for Flash Storage Systems

Inline deduplication is a popular technique to effectively reduce the write traffic and improve the space efficiency for flash-based storage. However, it also introduces computing and memory overhead to generate and store the cryptographic hash (fingerprint). Along the advent of 3D XPoint and Z-NAND technologies with vastly improved latency and bandwidth, both the computing and memory overheads are becoming much more pronounced in deduplication-based flash storage with cryptographic hash functions in use. To address these problems, we propose an ECC (Error Correcting Code) assisted deduplication approach, called EaD, which exploits the ECC property and the asymmetric read-write performance characteristics of modern flash-based storage. EaD first identifies data similarity based on the fingerprints of data chunks represented by their ECC values, thus significantly reducing the costly cryptographic hash computing and alleviating the memory space overhead. Based on the identification results, similar data chunks and their ECCs are read from the flash to perform a byte-by-byte comparison in memory to definitively identify and remove redundant data chunks. Our experiments show that the EaD approach significantly reduces the I/O latency by an average of 1.92× and 1.86×, and reduces the memory consumption by an average of 35.0% and 21.9%, compared with the existing SHA- and sampling-based deduplication approaches, respectively.
Theoretical analysis of LiBr/H2O absorption refrigeration systems

A computational model is developed for the parametric investigation of single‐effect and series flow double‐effect LiBr/H2O absorption refrigeration systems. The effects of generator, absorber, condenser, evaporator and dead state temperatures are examined on the performance of these systems. The parameters computed are coefficient of performance (COP), exergy destruction rates, thermal exergy loss rates, irreversibility and exergetic efficiency. The results indicate that COP and exergetic efficiency of both the systems increase with increase in the generator temperature. There exist different optimum values of generator temperature for maximum COP and maximum exergetic efficiency. The optimum generator temperature is lower corresponding to maximum exergetic efficiency as compared to optimum generator temperature corresponding to maximum COP. The effect of increase in absorber, condenser and evaporator temperatures is to decrease the exergetic efficiency of both the systems. The irreversibility is highest in absorber in both systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Connotation of Otological Symptom in Tempro Mandibular Joint Disorder and Vise-Versa (Clinical Comparative Original Study)

Many articles have highlighted the association between otological symptoms and TMJD. Anatomic, neurologic and emotional relationships considered the causative factors of symptom association. According to multiple published literatures otalgia can be common sign for TMJD subjects with tenderness and pain on mandibular condyle. Aims of study: The temporomandibular joint disorder may be accompanied by a series of otological symptoms such as otalgia, investigators aims here in this clinical study multiple points such as analyzing the prevalence of different symptoms of TMJD, else more to estimate the importance of cooperation between two different specialties these are maxillofacial and ENT specialties. To verify the frequency of otologic signs and symptoms with TMJ disorder and vice versa; specifying to which limit the therapeutic intervention on the articular pathology may influence the manifestations. Furthermore; authors targeting to detect the influence of proper diagnosis and selection of proper treatment plane. Emphasize the different correlation between the two specialties. Material and Method: One hundred participants are sharing in this research divided equally in to dual specialties origin, fifty patients attain private clinic of the maxillofacial surgeon and fifty participants attain private ear nose throat clinic. All of these patients are share to have temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDS) and otological symptom (OS) but they attain different specialty. Result: One hundred patients shared in TMJDS and OS analyzed according to different age groups as well as gender difference. Descriptive analyses for cases in both specialties are cleared the highest incidences are highlighted. Thirty-one to forty forming the highest age group in both specialties (38%, 30%) consequently for maxillofacial and ENT patients. Most of the mutants are females (74%) equally for both branches. Comparison between patients attain maxillofacial clinic and patients attain ENT clinic are analyzed according to age and gender in respect to symptoms, investigations, site involved, question answer. Discussion: The management of patients with TMD is a challenge, and an approach that includes dentists and oto-rhinolaryngologists is necessary to rule out, for example, otological diseases. It is imperative to understand the need for interdisciplinary management between the doctor and the dental specialist in craniofacial pain. Also try for a conservative vision in the treatment of muscular tensions of these masticatory and auditory muscles. Specialists in a single discipline cannot always individually resolve the symptoms present in a patient, without the invaluable support of multidisciplinary management. Each specialty contributes in its specific knowledge to the differential diagnosis process that guides a correct treatment plan.
Meta-Learning for Sample Reweighting using Sequence Models: A Natural Language Inference Case Study

Natural Language Inference (NLI) (Bowman et al., 2015; Williams et al., 2018) is a sequence modeling task on the critical path to natural language understanding (NLU). The task itself can be expressed simply, reducing down to a simple 2 or 3-way classiﬁcation problem: given a premise (e.g., “the doctor near the actor danced”) and a hypothesis (e.g., “the doctor danced”), predicted whether or not the premise 1) entails, 2) contradicts, or 3) is neutral to the given hypothesis — in this case, the answer is (1), “the doctor near the actor danced” entails that “the doctor danced. ” However, since its inception, NLI has been plagued with problems (Gururangan et al., 2018; McCoy et al., 2019; Belinkov et al., 2019); critically, models trained on various NLI datasets often learn brittle, spurious correlations, or overﬁt to artifacts of their training datasets, hurting generalization to standard validations sets, let alone more challenging out-of-distribution challenge sets. This problem is partially due to poor quality of crowdsourced data, as workers often generate examples that are simple or that are heavily biased, a result of using simple heuristics to produce label examples (e.g., adding the word “not” to a premise to build a “contradiction” example). Despite this, NLI remains to be a critical testbed for evaluating sequence modeling architectures and existing natural language understanding models, and solving (or even slightly improving the robustness of models trained on NLI) would not only bring us one step closer to better natural language understanding, but would give us a better means of calibrating existing general-purpose language models
BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF VEGETABLES WASTES AND DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL BREAD

The present study aimed at evaluating nutritional potential and antioxidant activity of the extracts derived from vegetable wastes such as carrot pomace, onion upper bulbs, and peels from garlic, tomato & potato. Proximate composition, minerals profiling and antioxidants activity as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) were estimated, and phenolics characterization was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our results suggest that vegetable wastes such as peel and pomace, may be exploited as carriers of proteins, fiber, calcium, potassium, iron and zinc. Phenolics screening demonstrated presence of total hydroxybenzoic, hydroxylcinammic acids and catechin albeit anthocyanins and total flavonols were inadequately present in tomato pomace. Maximum total phenolics contents and DPPH activity were observed in HCl/MeOH extracts of tomato and garlic peels, respectively. Product development data suggest incorporating onion peel’s extracts in wheat flour to not elicit a significant change in bread composition. Likewise, supplementation of onion peel powder (OPP) and extracts @ 6% and 1.5%, respectively improved color and textural properties of supplemented bread. Contextualizing the challenges of food insecurity and food industry waste management, our results confirmed that vegetable wastes, with improved nutritional profile and increased antioxidant potential, may be used for the preparation of value-added food products.
Personality, Parental Behavior, and Attachment to Close Friends

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between young women’s personality traits, perceived parental behavior of their parents, and the dimensions of attachment to close friends. Results generally indicated significant effects of personality traits and parental behavior on attachment to close friends. More specifically, agreeableness was a negative predictor of attachment anxiety, and neuroticism was a positive predictor of the same attachment dimension. Both agreeableness and extraversion were negative predictors of attachment avoidance. Parental behavior was predictive for attachment avoidance in close friendship, while there were no effects of parental behavior on attachment anxiety. Mothers’ supportiveness and restrictive control were negative predictors of attachment avoidance, whereby fathers’ support was a positive predictor of this attachment dimension. The results imply the importance of both personality and parental behavior as determinants of attachment to close friends and also suggest the need for further research of specific associations within the context of these broad theoretical constructs.
Z-Curve.2.0: Estimating Replication Rates and Discovery Rates

This article introduces z-curve.2. 0 as a method that estimates the expected replication rate (ERR) and the expected discovery rate (EDR) based on the test-statistics of studies selected for significance. Z-curve.2. 0 extends the work by Brunner and Schimmack (2019) in several ways. First, we show that a new estimation method using expectation-maximization outperforms the kernel-density approach of z-curve.1. 0. Second, we examine the coverage of bootstrapped confidence intervals to provide information about the uncertainty in z-curve estimates. Third, we extended z-curve to estimate the number of all studies that were conducted, including studies with non-significant results that may not have been reported, solely on the basis of significant results. This allows us to estimate the EDR; that is, the percentage of significant results that were obtained in all studies. EDR can be used to assess the size of the file-drawer, estimate the maximum number of false positive results, and may provide a better estimate of the success rate in actual replication studies than the ERR because exact replications are impossible.