Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The evolution of host specificity in liana-tree interactions

Lianas, woody climbing plants, comprise up to 40% of woody individuals and species in tropical forest. While early studies of liana-host interactions were made by Charles Darwin, the co-evolutionary relationships of lianas and their hosts remains poorly understood. This review synthesizes information from functional anatomy and morphology, ecology, floristics, and the fossil record of woody plants to explore the evolution of interactions between lianas and their hosts. Elwyn Hegarty (1991) suggested that lianas and trees do not engage in species-specific relationships; this review supports this hypothesis and suggests that lianatree interactions evolved in a diffuse, generalist fashion. Trees served as selective filters, enhancing the effectiveness of anomalous stem anatomy and anchoring mechanisms in lianas, but it is highly unlikely that lianas played much of any role in the maintenance of adaptations in trees to avoid and shed them. This is consistent with the existence of generalist liana-tree interactions in extant forests. In addition, the record of colonization of the terrestrial environment by woody plants suggests that liana-host interactions were always generalized and that any trend to establish species-specific engagement or co-evolution was interrupted by extinctions of lianas and trees. Liana diversity is lower in tropical dry forests, but liana abundance is higher there, suggesting that global change-related intensification of the dry season in many tropical forests may lead many liana species to extinction, and to the proliferation of surviving species.
Determinants of the Adoption of Mobile Learning Systems among University Students in Indonesia

Aim/Purpose This study investigates the factors that influence university students’ intentions to adopt mobile learning for their learning activities. A theoretical model is developed based on prior research incorporating constructs from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and specific mobile learning constructs, as well as the moderating effects of gender and experience. Background Mobile Learning, the use of smartphones and other mobile devices in accessing education materials, has become increasingly popular in the last decade. Despite the widespread use of smartphones by students, not many universities have adopted mobile learning in their teaching and learning activities. Methodology A paper-based questionnaire was used to collect data. A final sample of 696 student responses from five urban universities in Indonesia was used. All of the constructs in the model are measured using existing scales. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze and develop the theoretical model using Amos software. Contribution This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of mobile learning adoption as well as practice and provides guidance for university managers to successfully implement mobile learning in their universities. In particular, the study explores moderating effects due to gender and mobile learning experience and presents more complete findings based on total effects instead of only considering direct effects. Findings Perceived Enjoyment and Perceived Usefulness are the two most influencing factors in the adoption of mobile learning. Gender moderates the direct effect of learning autonomy on behavioral intention. New findings include significant correlations and causal effects involving learning autonomy, perceived enjoyThe Adoption of Mobile Learning Systems 366 ment, facilitating condition, perceived mobility, social influence, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use. Recommendations for Practitioners University managers should ensure that the students can enjoy mobile learning and also find it useful for their learning activities. Furthermore, the University has to facilitate and support the mobile learning system and infrastructure, and they also need to create a university learning environment where professors, senior students, and friends all encourage the adoption of mobile learning. Recommendations for Researchers Research on mobile learning adoption should consider the moderator effects on the factors of behavioral intention to adopt mobile learning. Different groupings within these moderators should also be examined. Future Research Additional studies may address and compare findings with respondents from rural Indonesian universities where the infrastructure and facilities are inferior to those in urban universities as well as participants from other cultural contexts.
Heat transfer coefficient measurement of LN2 and GN2 in a microchannel at low Reynolds flow (2018)

The heat transfer coefficients of single-phase fluids in the laminar flow regime have been studied for decades. However, inconsistent results are found in the literature. The common finding is that the Nusselt number is dependent on the Reynolds number in the laminar flow regime, which is contrary to laminar flow heat transfer theory. Recently, researchers indicated that axial conduction in the wall of the microchannel can affect the measurement. However, there have not been thorough studies that demonstrate consistency or lack thereof between experiment and theory. This study provides an experimental investigation on heat transfer performance of gaseous and liquid nitrogen flow through microchannels with hydraulic diameters of 110 lm and 180 lm. A model has been developed to investigate heat transfer in a microchannel from which analysis shows that the temperature profile of the fluid and wall change non-linearly along the length of the microchannel when the flow rate is low (e.g., Re < 1000). The nonlinear temperature profile conflicts with the assumption of a linear temperature profile commensurate with the traditional Nusselt number estimation method, which leads to dependency on the Reynolds number. Comparison between the experiment and numerical model of the present work validates the conclusion that the heat transfer coefficient is uniform within the laminar flow regime (Re < 2000) for
A study on hysterosalpingography findings in patients with infertility

Background: Infertility is a complex disorder with significant medical, psychological and economic problems. HSG is a commonly used investigation for evaluation of female genital of tract and the main indication for HSG is infertility. Aims and objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the structural abnormalities of the uterus and tubes in infertility women as elucidated by HSG. Material and methods: The present study was carried out at Mahaveer Hospital Indore from July 2017 to July 2018 on 90 patients. The biodata and indication for investigation and the HSG findings were obtained. The HSG films were processed on CR system and analyzed with the help of different modalities on computer software including magnification and window setting. Documentation was made and the findings were analyzed. Results: Majority of patients had primary infertility (57.7%). Most of the patients were in age group of 25 to 30 years (47.7%). 32 patients had abnormal findings in right fallopian tube. Most common abnormality was cornual block (14%). 37 patients had abnormal findings in left fallopian tube. Most common abnormality was cornual block (14%). Uterine abnormalities that were detected were filling defect 4 (4.4%), Tshape uterus 4 (4.4%), Arcuate/ Bicornuate uterus 5 (5.5%), Small Infantile uterus 1 (1.1%), Right unicornuate uterus 1 (1.1%), Irregular uterine cavity (Intrauterine adhesions) 1 (1.1%). Conclusion: HSG is a very effective method to assess tubal status. HSG still plays a significant role in the detection of tubal causes of female infertility.
Shared loci of telomere length with brain morphology, and pleiotropy in transcriptomic and epigenomic profiles of brain

Premature shortening of telomere length is observed in neuropsychiatric disorders. We tested genetic colocalization of seven and nine leukocyte telomere length (LTL) loci in two ancestry groups, European (EUR) and East-Asian (EAS), respectively (total n=60,601) with brain morphology measures for 101 region-of-interests (ROI) (n=21,821). The posterior probability (>90%) was observed for fourth ventricle, gray matter and cerebellar vermal lobules I-IV volumes. We found regulatory genes (p [≤] 2.47 x10-6) by integrating transcriptomic (EAS=4;EUR=5) and methylation data (EUR=17; EAS=4) of brain tissues using Summary-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR). The LTL SNP associations were tested for brain-based chromatin profiles using H-MAGMA (EUR=50; EAS=97; p<= 1.02 x10-6). Pathway enrichment of tissue-specific genes highlighted calcium ion transport (fetal brain) and G2/M cell cycle transition (adult brain). This study provides evidence that previously reported LTL associations with neuropsychiatric disorders could be related to a shared genetic relationship between LTL and brain structural and regulatory traits.
AMELIORATION OF PHYTOTOXICITY OF COBALT BY HIGH PHOSPHORUS AND ITS WITHDRAWAL IN TOMATO

ABSTRACT Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cv Ali vikas was grown at normal [without added cobalt (Co)] and excess Co (0.5 mM) in refined sand to see the effects of excess Co (0.5 mM) and its amelioration by high phosphorus (P). Apart from this, effect of high P (3 mM) and its withdrawal for 45 days (after 56 days of excess P supply) have also been observed on tomato physiology. The visible symptoms of excess Co appeared first in high P but were more pronounced in adequate P. In tomato, excess Co depressed the biomass, concentration of iron (Fe), chlorophyll a and b, Hill reaction activity, and activity of catalase and increased that of peroxidase, acid phosphatase, and ribonuclease along with accumulation of Co, more significantly with adequate P. High P partially ameliorated the effects of excess Co in tomato with almost no toxic effects of its own. Complete withdrawal of high P (for 14 days) improved the biomass, content of chlorophyll a and b, and Fe, and activity of catalase and reduced Co accumulation in different parts and P fractions in leaves. This also lowered the activities of peroxidase, acid phosphatase, and ribonuclease in addition to the concentration of various carbohydrate fractions which otherwise remained accumulated in leaves of tomato at excess P/excess Co treatment.
Autoimmune Encephalitis Presenting with Acute Excited Catatonia in a 40-Year-Old Male Patient with Covid-19

Acute malignant catatonia with autonomic instability developed in a previously healthy man with PCR-verified SARS-CoV-2. CT and MRI were normal, EEG showed slowing and cerebrospinal fluid showed a subtle indication of inflammation. There were no signs of pathology in other organs. 18F-FDG-PET conveyed high bilateral uptake in the striatum. While commercial tests were negative, immunohistochemical staining of mouse brain revealed anti-neuronal IgG antibodies against neuronal targets in the hippocampus, thalamus, striatum and cortex. Early treatment with plasmapheresis and corticosteroid reversed disease progression and may have prevented large-scale neurological damage. We are not aware of other types of encephalitis with such distinct pyramidal tract symptoms and raise the possibility that this may be a novel form of autoimmune encephalitis induced by infection with SARS-CoV-2.
Energy reserves of parasitoids depend on honeydew from non‐hosts

Adult parasitoids depend on sugar‐rich foods such as nectar and honeydew to meet their energy requirements and control insect pests. However, it is poorly known whether parasitoids can detect and feed on honeydew in agroecosystems, where it is the primary carbohydrate source, because this sugar source is less apparent in comparison to nectar and sometimes contains repellent compounds for parasitoids. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses were carried out to test whether Aphytis melinus DeBach (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid whose host does not produce honeydew, feeds on honeydew from non‐hosts. In addition, the correlation between the parasitoid's sugar reserves and honeydew abundance was determined. To do this, both the levels of honeydew producers and the sugar levels of individual collected parasitoids were assessed during different seasons. The overall sugar content was treated as an indicator of energy reserves and the erlose–melezitose ratio as an indicator of honeydew feeding. The data show that A. melinus fed commonly on honeydew from non‐host hemipterans. More than 50% of the female parasitoids collected in spring and summer had recently fed on honeydew and most of them showed a high sugar content. However, in autumn, when the number of honeydew producers was three times lower than in spring and summer, less than 20% of A. melinus were found to have fed on honeydew, with the average total sugar content being reduced by a factor of three. This study demonstrates that A. melinus commonly feeds on honeydew in the field, even though its host does not produce honeydew. The results also suggest that the exploitation of honeydew by A. melinus is a function of the density and species of honeydew producers.
A baseline study of the diversity and community ecology of crab and molluscan macrofauna in the Sematan mangrove forest, Sarawak, Malaysia

Baseline ecological studies of pristine mangroves are important for monitoring, management and conservation of mangrove ecosystems. Diversity, density, biomass and community structure of crab and molluscan macrofauna were studied in a near-pristine mangrove forest in Sematan, Sarawak. In each of the nine 100-m2 plots, six 15-min catching periods were used to collect crabs and three 1-m2 quadrats were sampled for molluscan epifauna. Environmental variables and vegetation were also recorded in each 100-m2 plot. Thirty-one crab species and 44 molluscan species were recorded, including a few species not previously reported from Sarawak. Crab community structure was correlated with topographical height and surface water pH and salinity. Gastropod community structure was correlated with redox potential of water at depth, topographical height, surface water pH and leaf litter. Crab community structure and species number were positively correlated with tree and seedling community structure and diversity, suggesting that the mangrove vegetation is important to the crab fauna as a habitat and food supply. Molluscan abundance was positively correlated with sapling diversity and negatively correlated with the numbers of mangrove associates and tree species. The young leaves on mangrove saplings may provide a better food source than those on mature trees or mangrove associates. The data from this study provide a valuable baseline for future use at this site and for comparison with more degraded mangrove habitats elsewhere in South-East Asia.
Evidence for the massive scale of turtle farming in China

Abstract One of the main threats to the survival of Asian turtles is the demand in China for turtles for use as food and medicine products. As the demand for turtle products escalated over the past 20 years entrepreneurs initiated commercial breeding facilities for profit. To gain a better understanding of the scale of the captive turtle trade we conducted a survey of the 1,499 large turtle farms known by branch offices of the Endangered Species Import and Export Management Office and the Provincial Forestry Bureaus. The results from the 684 respondent farms (46%) indicated that a total of >300 million turtles are sold per year and are worth c. USD 750 million. Although the bulk of these figures comprise the common Chinese softshell turtle Pelodiscus sinensis many other species are also farmed, including Critically Endangered species and even species native to North America. As 54% of known farms did not respond to our survey we suggest that the trade in captive turtles is probably a multi-billion dollar industry. This is likely considering that many Chinese turtle farms operate covertly and are thus impossible to survey. The large scale of turtle farming in China raises questions about the impact of so many threatened turtles being bred and sold for profit. Because the commercial breeding of these species is so well developed and large in scale, the deleterious impact is serious and difficult to control.
HETEROSKEDASTICITY-ROBUST TESTING FOR A FRACTIONAL UNIT ROOT

This paper shows how fractional unit root tests originally derived under stationarity can be made robust to heteroskedasticity. This is done by using existing tests nested in a regression framework and then implementing these tests using White’s heteroskedasticity consistent standard errors (White, 1980). We show this approach is effective both asymptotically and in finite samples. We also provide some evidence on the asymptotic local power of different implementations of the tests, under both homoskedasticity and heteroskedasticity.
Magnitude of Drug-resistant Enterococcus species from Intestinal Tracts of Hospitalized Pediatric Patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest, Ethiopia

Background: Multi-drug-resistant enterococci are the major source of infection as well as nosocomial spread. There is scarcity of data on drugresistant enterococci in developing country including Ethiopia. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the magnitude of drug resistant Enterococcus species from intestinal tracts of hospitalized pediatric patients at Jimma University specialized hospital.
Effects of Exercise on the Body Composition of Women

Exercise is a variable component in energy turnover. Energy expenditure during exercise can be increased several-fold over resting metabolism, yet it is a rare physical conditioning program that more than doubles the 24-hour basal metabolic rate (BMR). Although many more women are currently in training for athletic competition than in years past, even those women seldom exceed a doubling of their BMR per day. Nevertheless, the potential for increasing energy expenditure is real and can, within the range of 25 to 100% above the daily resting metabolic turnover, particularly in conjunction with moderate reductions in caloric intake, effect substantial losses in body weight and fatness among girls and women. Thus, a weight reduction regimen that includes regular exercise is not only worth it from the point of view of weight and fat loss, but also because of the associated improved physical condition. Facilitating the overall energy expenditure associated wtih strenuous exercise is the relative elevation in resting energy expenditure that follows such exercise for periods as long as 15 hours. This effect may well be brought about by modification of carbohydrate substrate utilization cycles and mobilization of free fatty acids. If appetite fails to keep up with energy expenditure, a negative energy balance ensues and lipid reserves are partially depleted, thus precipitating body fat and weight loss. REGULAR EXERCISE, PHYSICAL CONDITIONING, AND TRAINING
Síndrome de Burnout: realidade dos fisioterapeutas intensivistas?

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil e a prevalência da síndrome de Burnout em fisioterapeutas intensivistas das redes públicas da cidade do Recife, comparando-os entre unidades adultas, pediátricas e neonatais. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo de corte transversal em cinco hospitais públicos portadores de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico para fatores estressantes e do Maslach Burnout Inventory (MIB) para avaliar a prevalência da síndrome. Os resultados indicaram um percentual de 48,72% de Burnout para profissionais de UTI de cuidado adulto e 47,06% para unidades pediátricas e neonatais, considerando-se nível grave em apenas uma dimensão. Foram encontrados escores elevados nos indicadores de exaustão emocional, com 56,42% em UTI adulto e 64,71% em unidades pediátricas e neonatais. O indicador despersonalização apresentou 12,82% em UTI adulto e 29,41% nas demais. Já realização profissional obteve valores de 17,65% em UTI pediátricas e neonatais e de 33,33% em cuidado adulto. A prevalência da síndrome de Burnout se mostrou elevada entre os fisioterapeutas avaliados. Diante disso, observa-se a necessidade do desenvolvimento de medidas preventivas e modelos de intervenção para que tal efeito seja minimizado.
Cutaneous Plasmacytosis treated with Tocilizumab: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Conclusions: Cutaneous and systemic plasmacytosis can affect both children and adults and presently lacks consensus statements on definitive treatment regimens. A continued consolidation of the little knowledge we have about this disease is needed, in order to uncover possible patterns of treatment efficacy, and to maintain awareness of this unusual disease in a dermatologist’s differential diagnoses.
Comparative Studies of the Yield Performance of Improved and Adapted Genotypes of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria

Background: In Southeastern Nigeria, cucumber has become a major component of the cropping system due to the overwhelming importance of its health benefits along with skin care. In the rain forest zone of southern Nigeria, three cropping cultivations of cucumber are possible per year. The first cropping can be planted from January to March in a field or greenhouse using irrigation facilities while the second can be planted from first week of May to July and third season plantings from October to December using irrigation facilities. Thus, this indicates that cucumber is an all year round field and important greenhouse vegetable in southeastern Nigeria. Unfortunately, the yield per unit area of cucumber produced in these three planting seasons is greatly low, due to the growing of unimproved cucumber varieties used by the majority of farmers. Materials and Methods: Consequently, a research study was carried out to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of some cucumber genotypes intended for cucumber production. The genotypes comprised of nine adapted and seven improved cucumber genotypes. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on agronomic traits. Results: The analysis of variance revealed superior performance in vegetative and yield attributes displayed by the improved genotypes than the local genotypes. Significant positive relationships were obtained between yield and other agronomic traits, suggesting direct and indirect contributions to yield. Conclusion: Thus, the improved genotypes can be used as source of genes for increase in total fruit yield amounting to higher productivity of cucumber. Key word: Cucumber production, improved genotypes, Southeastern Nigeria --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 17-06-2020 Date of Acceptance: 01-08-2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pricing Options under Rough Volatility with Backward SPDEs

In this paper, we study the option pricing problems for rough volatility models. As the framework is non-Markovian, the value function for a European option is not deterministic; rather, it is random and satisfies a backward stochastic partial differential equation (BSPDE). The existence and uniqueness of weak solution is proved for general nonlinear BSPDEs with unbounded random leading coefficients whose connections with certain forward-backward stochastic differential equations are derived as well. These BSPDEs are then used to approximate American option prices. A deep leaning-based method is also investigated for the numerical approximations to such BSPDEs and associated non-Markovian pricing problems. Finally, the examples of rough Bergomi type are numerically computed for both European and American options.