Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge on essential newborn care among antenatal mothers attending tertiary care hospital

Background: Globally 4 million newborn die every year before they reach the age of one month. To achieve the millennium developmental goals newborn survival is essential. Aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge of antenatal women on essential new born care and danger signs during neonatal period, to find the association of sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics with maternal knowledge level. Settings and design included descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The study enrolled 439 antenatal women by convenient sampling technique. A pretested semi structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge. Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 21 version was used to analysis the data. Chi square was calculated to find the association. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study shows that 16.7% respondents had adequate knowledge about danger signs during neonatal period. The maternal age, parity, socioeconomic status, parity had significantly associated with the maternal knowledge regarding new-born care (p<0.05). Conclusions: Majority of the ante natal mother had poor knowledge on new born care.
Studying Complex Surface Dynamical Systems Using Helium-3 Spin-Echo Spectroscopy

The aim of the present thesis is to extend the range of application of the helium-3 spin-echo (HeSE) technique to complex surface dynamical systems. A twofold approach is presented: the development of improved experimental equipment and the investigation of a series of prototypical aromatic adsorbate systems. Chapter 1 discusses the motivation for this work and compares HeSE with other techniques probing surface motion. Subsequently, an introduction to the HeSE method is given in Chapter 2, explaining the theoretical background and describing the main components of the Cambridge spectrometer as well as the principle data aquisition and interpretation methods. Chapters 3 and 4 describe the development and testing of two new pieces of equipment. MiniScat, a compact helium atom scattering apparatus, has been designed as a sample preparation facility to enable structural studies and increase the experimental throughput. A new supersonic helium beam source improves the resolution of the HeSE spectrometer by a factor of 5.5 and extends accessible timescales into the nanometre range. The dynamics of cyclopentadienyl (Cp) on Cu(111) are presented in Chapter 5. The ionically bound Cp is remarkably mobile, moving in single jumps between adjacent hollow sites over an energy barrier of 41 ± 1 meV. The data exhibit multicomponent lineshapes that allow the determination of the energy di↵erence between fcc and hcp sites of 12.3±0.3 meV in a Bayesian method probing the probability space of all data combined. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide a friction coe cient of 2.5± 0.5 ps 1. Chapter 6 shows that a physisorbed pyrrole hops between bridge sites on Cu(111). Strong lateral interactions alter the lineshapes from a predicted double exponential towards an apparent single exponential decay. First principles density functional theory calculations by Sacchi and Jenkins reveal that a large contribution to the experimentally determined apparent activation energy of 53± 4 meV arises from a site-dependence in the zero point energies, primarily of the vibrational C–H and N–H out-of-plane bending and ring torsion modes which are not directly involved in the di↵usion process. The surface dynamics of thiophene/Cu(111) are investigated in Chapter 7. Thiophene adsorbs on top sites and forms a covalent S–Cu bond. Two competing activated processes manifest themselves in a kink in the Arrhenius plot: jump di↵usion between adjacent top sites over a barrier of 59± 4 meV and rotation around the S–Cu anchor point over a barrier of 22±2 meV. In addition, vertical motion relative to the surface is observed. MD simulations of the di↵usive motion reveal an exceptionally high friction of 5± 2 ps 1.
Association of consanguineous marriages with congenital anomalies

Congenital anomalies are a major health problem all over the world; especially it is important cause ofdeaths and birth defects, chronic illness and disability in infants. The major cause of this isconsanguineous marriages. Generation of cousin marriages have significant association with congenitalanomalies Objective: To find out the association of consanguineous marriages with congenitalanomalies present at the time of birth Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at District HeadQuarter Hospital, Okara from May to August, 2018. 100 adult individuals aged between 19 to 55 years, withand without cousin marriage of both genders were consecutively enrolled. Participants were assessedthrough pre-tested questionnaire, with prior written informed consent. Unwilling married individuals andindividuals from other hospitals were not selected Results: According to results there was a significantassociation between generation of cousin marriages with congenital anomalies present at the time ofbirth , as p value was 0.002 Conclusions: Study concluded that the generation of cousin marriages hassignificant association with congenital anomalies present at the time of birth and due to cousin marriage59% of the couples had congenital abnormalities in their children and 85% had genetic disorders.
Biosystems Diversity

B. Maamar, B. Nouar, L. Soudani, M. Maatoug, M. Azzaoui, M. Kharytonov, O. Wiche, O. Zhukov 1 El Wancharissi University Center, Tissemsilt, Algeria 2 Abu Bakr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria 3 Ibn Khaldoun Tiaret University, Tiaret, Algeria 4 Ex Hall Technology, Mostaganem, Algeria 5 Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Dnipro, Ukraine 6 Institut für Biowissenschaften, Freiberg, Germany 7 Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro, Ukraine
Development and Validation of Attitude Towards Honour Killing Scale

The present study aimed at developing a valid and reliable scale for assessing attitudes towards honour killing in Pakistan. The scale was developed in three phases; item pool generation, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. The initial item pool was generated form in-depth interviews with professionals (i.e., lawyers, journalists, psychologists, religious scholars, police officials, and social activists) and perpetrators in jail. In order to validate the initial 19 item scale, 459 adults, within the age range of 18-60 years were recruited from the Federal capital city and other cities of Punjab by using convenient sampling technique. For validation of the factor structure, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was run using Maximum Likelihood (ML) extraction method and promax rotation method. The analysis yielded two factors (affirmation and deterrents of honour killing) that accounted for 32% variance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was carried out to validate the factor structure explored through EFA. An independent sample of 695 adults was recruited for confirmatory study. Results of CFA indicated a good model fit for the final scale comprising 17 items. The Cronbach alpha coefficients for the two factors were . 79 and . 61, respectively. The convergent and discriminant validity of the final scale was also determined using the Gender Role Attitude Scale (Anila & Ansari, 1992) and Extremism Scale (Gilani & Altaf, 2005.
THE IMPACT OF MULTIPLE DIRECTORSHIPS OF AUDIT COMMITTEE DIRECTORS ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM FRANCE

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between Audit Committee MultipleDirectorships and earnings management. Precisely, we empirically investigate the effect of the multiple directorships held by audit committee directors on the level of earnings management of listed French companies. Our investigation has been achieved on a sample of 88 non financial French listed firms that belong to the SBF 120 index, for the financial year 2008. The results suggest that the accumulation of several outside directorships by audit committee members may lead to a higher degree of earnings management, as measured by the magnitude of discretionary accruals. Therefore, our findings show that audit committee can’t provide effective monitoring of earnings management when its members held many additional outside directorships.
Stress and Coping Status among Caregivers of Major Psychiatric Patients

Caregivers play an important role for the treatment and wellbeing of the psychiatric patients. Constant caregiving role exert stress on the caregiver which is usually handled by them. is cross-sectional study aimed to assess the level of stress and coping status among conveniently selected 171 care givers of major psychiatric patients at National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Dhaka. Data was collected by the pre-tested semi-structure questionnaire blended with perceived stress and coping scale through face to face interview. Average coping status was found in most of the (70%) care givers; good coping status was found in more than one "fth (21%) of the caregivers and few (02%) caregivers had poor coping status. Stress and coping status was found (p<0.05) signi"cantly related. is study "nds the perceived stress among all the caregivers under study population; where high level of stress were perceived by more than three fourth of the caregivers and moderate to low level of stress were perceived by most of the caregivers. Caregiver-centric interventions, services and programs are recommended to plan and implement so that they should not compromise their caregiving work.
A large body of the literature affirms the scholarly interest in children’s independent mobility (CIM) — the freedom of children to travel around their own neighborhood without adult accompaniment

The decline of children’s independent mobility (CIM) is now a global concern. This study aims to identify the determinants of the territorial range (TR) of CIM, i.e., the geographical distance between home and places where children are allowed to wander. TR for both discretionary and nondiscretionary trips is studied based on data collected through a questionnaire survey, travel diary, and mapping of travel routes. The study sample was comprised of 151 children 9-14 years of age from Dhaka, Bangladesh. Built environment (BE) data were collected/derived through walkability audits of children’s walking routes and spatial analyses. Children’s TR was regressed by BE, sociodemographics, and perceptual factors. Three multiple regression models were estimated: overall TR, discretionary TR, and nondiscretionary TR. Results showed that children had a longer TR for nondiscretionary trips (664.14 m) compared to discretionary trips (397.9 m). Discretionary TR was largely explained by angular step-depth, street connectivity and the condition of the walking environment of the taken routes. In contrast, angular step-depth, the presence of commercial and retail land uses and the condition of the walking environment were found to be significant predictors of nondiscretionary TR. Children’s perception of social and physical dangers and their satisfaction with tree coverage in the neighborhood also influenced their TR. The findings can inform measures to be taken to expand TR in the urban environment.
Evaluation of Effects of Electronarcosis Stunning on Broiler Chickens’ Welfare and Meat Quality

1 Philadelphia University Center, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; 2 Londrina State University, Agricultural Sciences Center, Graduate Program in Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. *Corresponding author: Rafael Carvalho, rafael.carvalho@uel.br
Baby Bonus, Fertility, and Missing Women

This paper presents novel causal evidence on the eﬀects of pro-natalist ﬁnancial incentives on babies. I exploit rich spatial and temporal variation in cash transfers provided to families with newborn babies and the universe of birth, death, and migrant registry records in South Korea. I ﬁnd that the total fertility rate in 2015 would have been 3% lower without the cash transfers. The selection of working mothers into childbearing decreased gestational age, leading to an overall reduction in birth weight, but no change in early-life mortality. The cash transfers had an unintended consequence of correcting the unnaturally male-skewed sex ratio.
ANALYSIS OF HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN NIGERIA

Among several forms of infectious diseases, tuberculosis (TB) cannot be exempted. Even though the treatment of TB is free in Nigeria, the costs incurred by most patients do not reveal the significance of free treatment, and this affects the behavioral pattern of TB patients as a result of the numerous visits of patients to the hospital during the treatment of TB which may or may not yield their expected result. The objective of this study is to examine the behavior of TB patients towards seeking help for their health conditions. The study focused on Kwara and Kebbi States, Nigeria. The findings revealed that most of the Tuberculosis patients were more likely to search for treatment and seek medical advice from secondary health facilities, and they sought treatment first at the out-patient services. The out-patient services are among the secondary health facilities. It is therefore recommended that there is a need for health stakeholders (private and public) to ensure primary health coverage for all patients to prevent the exclusion of certain persons from treatment. This is referred to as inclusiveness.
Juvenile-onset Open-Angle Glaucoma at the University Teaching Hospitals - Eye Hospital, Lusaka Zambia

Purpose: To demonstrate the socioeconomic, demographic and clinical characteristics associated with patients of juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) at the University Teaching Hospitals Eye Hospital (UTHs - EH). Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey for Juvenile Open Angle Glaucoma (JOAG) conducted at the UTHs - EH in, Lusaka, Zambia from January to December 2013. All participants aged between 18 and 39 years had a full ocular examination after capturing demographic and socioeconomic information. The ocular examination includedvisual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) and cup disc ratio (CDR) and tests performed were central corneal thickness (CCT) and visual fields. Severity was graded based visual field (VF) in the worse eye using the advanced glaucoma intervention study score. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, stratified by age group and gender, wasused to determine the association between demographic factors and JOAG and between clinical factors and JOAG.Results: Of the 1625 patients recruited for the study, 309 were POAG patients. Of the 309 POAG patients, 140 aged 20 to 39 years old had bilateral JOAG. The distribution of the 140 participants was 98 (70.9%) females and 42 (29.4%) males. Thirteen (9.3 %) were aged 20 – 24 years, 29 (20.7%) 25 – 29 years, 44 (31.4%) 30 – 34 years, and 54 (38.6%) 35 –39 years. The mean age of the patients was 25.1 ± SD 8.7 years. The prevalence of JOAG was 8.6% (140/1625) distributed as 2.6% (95% CI 1.3, 3.9) males and 6.0% (95% CI 4.7, 9.2) females. There was a female preponderance of (71.2% vs. 28.8%; OR 2.98, 95% CI 2.3, 6.7, p=0.021). Eighty-five (60.7%) had complained of poor vision and 24 (17.1%) of eye pain. However, 24 (17.1%) presented with no definite symptoms. Patients with a positive family history presented 3.7 years earlier (P = 0.034, CI; 1.37-7.9) compared to those without a family history. Lower socioeconomic status (Odds ratio [OR] 3.5, P = 0.013, CI: 1.2-17.2), and higher IOP (OR 6.7, P = 0.002, CI: 2.6-21.8) were associated with severe glaucomatous visual field defects. High myopia (-6.47 ± 5.00 Diopters) was present in 70.9% of patients. The patients with myopia also had a severe elevation of IOP of (35.8 ±18.5 mmHg). Conclusions: The study found a high prevalence of JOAG at 8.6%. The patients with JOAG presented late with advanced disease and high IOP. Clinical, socioeconomic, and demographic factors are contributory to the severity of JOAG among JOAG patients. Recommendation: Early detection of cases during eye health care outreach programmes such as school and community screening of children and adults could be of great benefit in creating awareness, d ema n d , e a r l y d e t e c t i o n a n d p r omp t commencement of treatment. Glaucoma should no longer be considered a condition of the people aged 40 years and above.
STUDIES ON THE SELF PURIFICATION OF RIVER CHAMBAL FROM NAGDA INDUSTRIAL AREA TO GANDHISAGAR DAM, MANDSOUR DISTRICT MADHYA PRADESH

The present study reports an examination of the Hg transportation along Chambal river into Gandhisagar reservoir. For this purpose, samples along 300 kms stretch of river Chambal were collected at study sites of significance during the year1992-1994 and attempts were made to assess theheavy metal toxicant inputs into Gandhisagar reservoir. The selected study sites were Nagda, Basai and Gandhisagar dam site. For this purpose, the concentration of Hg in the different trophic levels in the selected three study sites were subjected to analysis. The result indicates that the river Chambal has a great ability to purify the mercury concentrations. The present study suggested that the impact of contamination at Nagda undergoes self-purification and get reduce in a distance of about 100 kms. The present study suggests that the allochonthonous inputs of toxicants occurred along river Chambal in the form of additions of runoff water containing fertilizer and herbicides, inputs of factories and other possible sources are the reason for pollution. At Nagda study site the higher concentration of mercury is due to the waste discharge from Gwalior Rayon and Silk Manufacturing Ltd. At Basai the Hg levels were low when compared to Nagda and it may due to the self purification which involves the breakdown of organic substances through the activity of micro-organisms, oxidation of contaminants and the bottom topography of river. The Hg concentrations in macrophytes and fish at GS Dam site area were slightly higher when compared to Basai and this may be due to the impoundment of the river. The bioaccumulation of Hg in Gandhisagar fish population is ranging up to a not safe level for human consumption in the case of Mystus seenghala. This may be due to size, weight, fish species and physicochemical characteristics of the respective environment. The capacity of self-purification is an important indicator of the health of the river and act as one of the indicators in regulating the discharge standards. The present study suggests that level of Hg in the fishes of Gandhisagar reservoir is at non-toxic level.
ASSESSMENT OF CASSAVA PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES USAGE AMONG RURAL WOMEN IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA

1 Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria 2 Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria ABSTRACT. Technology usage has been identified as a major driver of increased productivity, waste management and economic efficiency. However, there seems to be some barriers to technology usage among rural women cassava processors Nigeria. This study therefore analysed the characteristics and constraints to technology usage among rural women processors in Ifelodun local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. A two-stage sampling technique was used to randomly select 120 respondents from six districts, namely Igbaja, Idofin, OkeOde, Omupo, Ora and Share. Primary data were used for the study and the data were collected by means of an interview schedule. Descriptive statistical tools, such as precision counts, frequencies and percentages, were used in analysing the data, while Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The findings revealed the level of usage of cassava processing among rural women in the study area is moderately high. Major constraints to the adoption of cassava processing technologies includes: high cost of machines and maintenance, low level awareness and training, as well as inadequate finance. PPMC analysis showed that educational level and cassava processing experience was significantly related to the usage of improved cassava processing technologies in the study area with p≤ 0.05. Based on findings, training and effective monitoring by relevant stakeholders, adequate financing, sensitization and enlightenment campaigns will further boost cassava processors knowledge and attitude towards cassava processing technologies and automatically increase usage by the respondents.
An Insight into Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Decoupling: Evidence from Pakistan

The study aims to examine what causes firms to engage in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Decoupling. It also highlights the intensity of the firms to be involved in decoupling of firms’ actual from claimed CSR practices. The study hypothesizes a significant association between CSR decoupling and its various antecedents. The documented antecedents are coercive isomorphism, monitoring mechanism, firm reputation, resource slack, and firm advertising intensity. Based on Institutional Theory and Stakeholder Theory, the present study accounts for the gap between firms’ actual CSR efforts and its professed CSR while also highlighting the factors and conditions under which firms overstate and misrepresent their CSR activities. The sample of the study includes 200 non-financial Pakistani firms listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) with a time frame ranging from 2010 to 2018. The model under study is tested using common effects regression. The study findings reveal that non-financial firms operating in Pakistan are highly engaged in CSR decoupling. Also, coercive isomorphism, monitoring mechanisms and firm reputation are significantly associated with CSR decoupling.
Evaluation of the Results of Therapeutic Management of Patients Treated Endovascularly for Cerebral Aneurysm

Introduction. Intracranial aneurysm is the most common type of brain vascular defects. Their treatment is based on excluding vascular malformation from circulation. Endovascular methods are being performed more and more often. Aim. Evaluation of the results of therapeutic management of patients treated endovascularly for cerebral aneurysm. Material and Methods. The study involved 49 patients with a diagnosed brain aneurysm qualified for endovascular treatment (embolization, stent). Standardized research tools were used: GCS, H&H, GOS, SWF. The examination was carried out twice on one patient: on the day of admission and discharge from the ward. The collected material was statistically processed. Results. Most of the respondents were women — 74%. Almost 61% of patients had non-cracked aneurysm. In 41% embolization was performed, and in 39% embolization with a stent. The aneurysm site was associated with the GCS score at discharge χ2(8) = 15.64; p < 0.05; V = 0.40. Marital status was associated with SWF in the assessment 2: χ2(9) = 19.18; p < 0.05; V = 0.36. The state of consciousness of the patients had no significant impact on the scope of their functioning: GCS Z = 0.42; p = 0.675 and SWF Z = 0.40; p = 0.689. Conclusions. The clinical condition of patients with cerebral aneurysm varies depending on the stage of treatment, admission mode and type of aneurysm. Only the professional situation and marital status of the examined persons influenced the functional state and the final assessment of patients’ treatment. (JNNN 2020;9(1):3–11)