Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) spending and market stock price among Jordanian service firms

Abstract In this study, the relationship of corporate social responsibility (CSR) spending and Market Stock Price was analyzed. The study sample comprised of 102 services firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) for the years 2010 to 2017. In particular, CSR spending reflects the actual CSR activities monetary contributions that are mandated to be disclosed in the firm’s income statement. This study adopted the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) to analyze the CSR spending—Market Stock Price relationship. The control variables included firm size, leverage and ownership. Based on the findings, no significant relationship exists between CSR spending and market stock price (MSP) in any direction. Added to this, control variables had no effect on MSP. However, the findings showed a significant positive effect of firm size on CSR spending and a negative effect of leverage on CSR spending, with no significant effect of ownership on the same. This study has several implications for the enhancement of the information and understanding of the firms’ Market Stock Price as it shed light on the CSR spending—Market Stock Price relationship. Moreover, the study findings contribute to literature concerning CSR practices in the context of developing nations.
Effects of peripheral nerve stimulation on paralysed upper limb functional recovery in chronic stroke patients undergoing low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy: A pilot study

Objective Upper limb paralysis, which is a sequela of stroke, limits patients’ activities of daily living and lowers quality of life. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of peripheral nerve stimulation on hemiparetic upper limb functional recovery in chronic stroke patients undergoing low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy. Methods The subjects were chronic stroke patients who participated in a two-week inpatient programme including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy. There were two groups of patients: the peripheral nerve stimulation group (11 patients who underwent peripheral nerve stimulation) and the control group (11 patients who previously participated in the same inpatient programme but without peripheral nerve stimulation, selected via propensity score matching). The peripheral nerve stimulation group had 1 h of peripheral nerve stimulation on the median and ulnar nerves during occupational therapy. The outcome measures were the Wolf Motor Function Test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and Motor Activity Log. Results Wolf Motor Function Test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and Motor Activity Log showed significant improvement after the intervention in the peripheral nerve stimulation group. Particularly, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment hand score significantly improved in the peripheral nerve stimulation group compared to that in the control group (median change: 2 versus 0; p = 0.021, r = 0.49). Conclusion The combined use of peripheral nerve stimulation with occupational therapy after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may result in a better functional recovery of in hemiparetic upper limb. Peripheral nerve stimulation with stimulation above the sensory threshold and below the motor threshold is easy to combine with occupational therapy upper limb function training and is therefore clinically useful.
A REVIEW OF ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT OF TRAUMA IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

Background: Traumatic injuries are the major destructive causes of human disability and in some situations, they could cause mortality. Preparing an appropriate procedure for the management and treatment of trauma patients is still a big challenge. Anyway, through immediate diagnosis and management of trauma patients in emergency departments mainly in trauma golden hour most appropriate outcomes could be achieved. The initial examination of trauma patients should be carried out in the trauma golden hour by most appropriate diagnosis equipment prepared in the emergency trauma care unit. Objective: The present study was performed for reviewing the most appropriate techniques and equipment of diagnosis and management of traumatic injuries. Material and Method: For obtaining the most appropriate outcomes, a comprehensive review carried out through the general medical databases of PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, databases of Cochrane Library, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database and Allied Health Literature of CINAHL on care system of patients who suffer from various kinds of trauma were searched up to March 2020. Finally, the total number of 73 articles were selected for reviewing the newest available data around the main objective of the present study. Results: Trauma patients who detected with serious injuries in their vital organs should be managed through an appropriate standardized guideline. This comprehensive guideline is categorized into fourteen critical steps that provide general information about the importance, objective, initial actions, required equipment and staff and also the overall knowledge of any step in diagnosis and management of trauma patients. Conclusion: The prepared comprehensive guideline for appropriate management of trauma patients is a precise effective method for immediate management of trauma patients in trauma care units of emergency departments. The most critical situation such as severely injured patients, airway management, protecting breathing and circulation, major neurologic problems and the difficulties with clinical examination of whole-body could be managed through following the prepared guideline.
Nutritional status and associated factors among elderly people in primary care center

Nowadays, Thailand is entering an aging society. There are many health problems of the elderly. One of the important problems is the problems from the deterioration of the body related to nutritional status. This study is aimed to explore nutritional status and the prevalence of malnutrition including related factors among the elderly in Primary Care Center. The subjects in this study are 250 elderly people living in the area of responsibility of Wat Phraya Tikaram Primary Care Center, selected by simple random sampling. The data are collected by interviewing the sample groups in the community. From December 2019 to January 2020 by using the Mini nutritional assessment®. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis by stepwise method. In totally 250 elderly people, 104 people are at risk of malnutrition or equal to 41.6% and 26 people, equal to 10.4%, are classified as malnutrition. Exercise, activities of daily living, body mass index, underlying disease, age and the presence of residents are the significant factor related to malnutrition among the elderly.
Early versus Delayed Phacoemulsification and Intraocular Lens Implantation for Acute Primary Angle-Closure

Purpose To compare the effects of early phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (phaco/IOL), delayed phaco/IOL after initial laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI), and conventional LPI alone in patients with acute primary angle-closure (PAC). Methods Patients with acute PAC were included in the study, and those with secondary glaucoma, prior ocular trauma, or other ocular diseases and those who had undergone ocular surgeries previously were excluded. Patients were categorized into three groups: Group A, which underwent primary phaco/IOL after acute PAC; Group B, which underwent LPI initially after acute PAC, followed by phaco/IOL within 6 months; and Group C, which underwent LPI alone. The IOP control success at 12 months as well as changes in ocular characteristics and the number of antiglaucoma medications used after the treatment among the groups were evaluated. Results Eighty-one eyes were included in the study: 24 eyes in Group A, 23 eyes in Group B, and 34 eyes in Group C. The linear mixed model analysis demonstrated considerable IOP control in Groups A and B. Visual acuity, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and angle width improved significantly in Groups A and B, but not in Group C. The number of antiglaucoma medications used was significantly higher in Group C than in Groups A and B. Conclusions Patients who underwent phaco/IOL had better IOP control, improved vision, deeper ACD, and wider angle and required less antiglaucoma medications than those who underwent LPI alone. Performing phaco/IOL weeks to months after the initial LPI did not appear to adversely affect outcomes compared with those of early phaco/IOL.
Greener and Leaner: Lower Energy and Water Consumption, and Reduced Work Orders, in Newly Constructed Boston Public Housing

The Boston Residential Investigation on Green and Healthy Transitions (BRIGHT) Study is focused on quantifying the effects of redeveloping public housing developments into new buildings with improved energy performance and indoor environmental quality. This report presents an analysis of utility consumption and work order requests at Old Colony and Washington-Beech, two redeveloped housing sites in Boston, Massachusetts. We compare the consumption of electricity, natural gas, and water, as well as work order data, from 2012–2014 to development-wide baseline data from 2006–2009. We found that despite the higher number of electric appliances in the new apartments (e.g., air conditioning and ranges), electricity consumption decreased 46% in Old Colony and nearly 30% in Washington-Beech when compared to the baseline data. Natural gas used for space heating decreased by more than 70% at both sites; and water use decreased by nearly 56% at Old Colony and nearly 30% at Washington-Beech. Work order categories that directly influence the residents’ quality of life, such as pests, mold, windows and plumbing decreased by more than 50% in both renovated sites. In combination with previous documentation of health improvements in the redeveloped sites, these results provide further evidence of the magnitude of benefits from updating public housing infrastructure using green design principles.
MitosisNet: End-to-End Mitotic Cell Detection by Multi-Task Learning

Mitotic cell detection is one of the challenging problems in the field of computational pathology. Currently, mitotic cell detection and counting are one of the strongest prognostic markers for breast cancer diagnosis. The clinical visual inspection on histology slides is tedious, error prone, and time consuming for the pathologist. Thus, automatic mitotic cell detection approaches are highly demanded in clinical practice. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end multi-task learning system for mitosis detection from pathological images which is named “MitosisNet”. MitosisNet consist of segmentation, detection, and classification models where the segmentation, and detection models are used for mitosis reference region detection and the classification model is applied for further confirmation of the mitosis regions. In addition, an integrated multi-patch reference scheme and a novel confidence analysis strategy are introduced for improving overall detection performance during testing. The proposed system is evaluated on three different publicly available datasets including MITOSIS 2012, MITOSIS 2014, and Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) datasets. The experimental results demonstrate state- of-the-art performance compared to the existing methods and the proposed approach is fast enough in order to meet the requirements of clinical practice.
Explaining Support for Political Violence: Grievance and Perceived Opportunity

What explains support for violence against the state? The surge in survey-based studies in (former) conflict areas has improved our understanding of the determinants of armed conflict. Yet, the potential interaction between grievances and political opportunity structure has received little attention in microlevel studies. Integrating common arguments from the civil war literature with the political behavior tradition, this article argues that perceived political efficacy, a central component of the political opportunity structure, moderates the association between individual and group grievance and people’s support for political violence. It represents a first individual-level test of the argument that perceived political opportunity structure and grievances combine to explain internal armed conflict. Using original survey data from Guatemala, Nepal, and Northern Ireland (2016), we find robust empirical evidence that support for violence increases with perceived grievance and decreases with political efficacy; and some evidence of an interaction between the two.
Sodium alendronate loaded poly(l-lactide- co-glycolide) microparticles immobilized on ceramic scaffolds for local treatment of bone defects

Abstract Bone tissue regeneration in critical-size defects is possible after implantation of a 3D scaffold and can be additionally enhanced once the scaffold is enriched with drugs or other factors supporting bone remodelling and healing. Sodium alendronate (Aln), a widely used anti-osteoporosis drug, exhibits strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption performed by osteoclasts. Thus, we propose a new approach for the treatment of bone defects in craniofacial region combining biocompatible titanium dioxide scaffolds and poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles (MPs) loaded with Aln. The MPs were effectively attached to the surface of the scaffolds’ pore walls by human recombinant collagen. Drug release from the scaffolds was characterized by initial burst (24 ± 6% of the drug released within first 24 h) followed by a sustained release phase (on average 5 µg of Aln released per day from Day 3 to Day 18). In vitro tests evidenced that Aln at concentrations of 5 and 2.5 µg/ml was not cytotoxic for MG-63 osteoblast-like cells (viability between 81 ± 6% and 98 ± 3% of control), but it prevented RANKL-induced formation of osteoclast-like cells from macrophages derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as shown by reduced fusion capability and decreased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b activity (56 ± 5% reduction in comparison to control after 8 days of culture). Results show that it is feasible to design the scaffolds providing required doses of Aln inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, reducing osteoclast activity, but not affecting osteoblast functions, which may be beneficial in the treatment of critical-size bone tissue defects.
Spatial and temporal development of subsidised crop insurance in Hungary

Farmers face a variety of risks, of which the most important is the production risk arising from the unpredictable nature of weather and other uncertainty factors. This paper describes the expansion in space and time of subsidised crop insurance in Hungary, particularly the government-subsidised all-risk insurance scheme. The empirical analysis was based on insurance data and utilised area from the period 2012-2016. Firstly, Moran’s I index was applied to examine the spatial pattern of insurance use. The index shows a significant neighbourhood effect with respect to location in both the total of all subsidised, and the all-risk schemes. Secondly, using the dynamic spatial autoregressive model, the authors found that the level of insurance take-up is determined by the previous year’s level, as well by production structure (i.e. arable v. fruit v. vegetable crops) and farm size. There is no statistically-significant effect of production structure and farm size on the take-up of all-risk insurance. The high level of fruit production in Hungary discourages farmer participation in the subsidised insurance scheme, implying that further refinement of the two-scheme risk management system is necessary.
Analyses of chromosome number, nuclear DNA content and RAPD profile in three morphotypes of Pandanus fascicularis Lam.

Pandanus fascicularis Lam. is a dominant species in the coastal vegetation of India. Owing to the aromatic principle hydro-distilled from the male inflorescences for the perfume industry, the plant is a major bioresource of Ganjam coast, Orissa. Variations in plant morphology, somatic chromosome complements, 4C nuclear DNA content, RAPD and phytochemical profiles were analysed in three morphotypes: wild spinous, spineless and ketaki types. All had a chromosome number of 2n = 60. Both intra- and inter-morphotype chromosomal mosaicism (2n = 56 to 64) was evident. There were clear differences in the 4C-DNA content in the three morphotypes, namely 6.0 ± 1.71 pg (= 5 793.55 Mbp) in spinous, 7.41 ± 2.0 pg (= 7 156.74 Mbp) in spineless and 10.24 ± 2.6 pg (= 9 883.12 Mbp) in ketaki types. The 4C-DNA content of the ketaki type was significantly higher (p =0.05) than that of spinous as well as spineless types. Somatic metaphase chromosome numbers agreed with the basic chromosome number, x = 30. Phytochemical profiling indicated a clear distinction between the spinous and ketaki types. RAPD analysis placed the three morphotypes in two clusters: spinous and spineless types vs. ketaki. Taxonomically, the biosystematics and molecular phylogeny imply that the ketaki morphotype deserves the status of a subspecies or variety, if not a species, in the genus Pandanus, perhaps warranting a nomenclatural revision.
Adolescents' Attitude toward HIV/AIDS Prevention in Yogyakarta

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the second leading cause of death in adolescent groups in the world. In Indonesia, the rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescents increases annually. Yogyakarta, well-known as the education city, has the highest number of HIV/AIDS cases in the productive age group of 20–29 years old, which means that they have been already infected with HIV since teen age. This study aimed to determine the influential factors that affect adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. The study was an analytic survey research with a cross-sectional design. Stratified random sampling was applied to select a sample size of 128 respondents of class XI at Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta Senior High School in 2017. Data were taken by using questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression. The results revealed that most of the respondents received information on HIV/AIDS from media (47.7%), have a good knowledge level (82%), and support the prevention of HIV/AIDS (96.9%). The source of information and knowledge level had a statistically significant relation with adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. Knowledge level is the most influential factor to adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention (p value = 0.006, PR = 1.199; 95% confidence interval = 1052–1367).
Caracterización de la infección por Helicobacter pylori en niños y adolescentes en un servicio ambulatorio

Introduccion: la infeccion por Helicobacter pylori es muy comun, particularmente en los paises en vias de desarrollo, y juega un rol importante en la enfermedad acido peptica. Objetivos: conocer la prevalencia y algunos datos clinico epidemiologicos, describir los hallazgos endoscopicos (gastritis eritematosa, nodular y ulcera duodenal), y relacionarlos con los hallazgos histologicos; describir la asociacion entre los grados histologicos de la gastritis cronica y la positividad de la prueba de ureasa rapida y la presencia de Helicobacter pylori segun histologia, asi como identificar la relacion de los pacientes con gastritis cronica antral y ulcera duodenal por Hp, con la edad. Metodos: se realizo un estudio tipo descriptivo prospectivo durante 3 anos se hizo una encuesta de sintomas a pacientes y/o padres y examen fisico. Se realizo panendoscopia, previo consentimiento informado, y 2 biopsias de mucosa antral para prueba de ureasa rapida, asi como estudio histopatologico (hematoxilina-eosina y Giemsa) para determinar el grado de gastritis y presencia de Helicobacter pylori segun sistema Sydney. Se demostro la infeccion por uno de los metodos. Resultados: se seleccionaron 196 pacientes entre 7-18 anos (media 14,6) de 471 (41,6 %). El 53 % era del sexo femenino, y el 59,7 % tenia entre 10 y 14 anos. Por endoscopia, el 49,5 % tenia gastritis eritematosa antral, el 36,8 % gastritis nodular astral, y el 13,7 % ulcera duodenal con gastritis asociada. Con antecedentes familiares de ulcera peptica estuvo el 29,6 %, con epigastralgia el 85,2 %, con acidez el 46,4 %, con vomitos el 21 % y con nauseas el 16,3 %. En relacion con el tiempo de evolucion al diagnostico, predomino el grupo de mas de un ano (24,5 %), seguido del de 4-6 meses (22,4 %). Todos presentaron gastritis cronica de diferentes grados: ligera (34,7 %), moderada (37,2 %) y severa (28,1 %), con Helicobacter pylori por ureasa rapida 83,2 % y 93,4 % por histologia, con coincidencia de ambos metodos en 150 (76,5 %). Se observo presencia de nodulos linfoides en 41,8 %. Conclusiones: la infeccion por Helicobacter pylori es frecuente en ninos y adolescentes, causa lesiones inflamatorias gastroduodenales, en particular, gastritis nodular antral. Se encuentra una asociacion importante del Helicobacter pylori por ambos metodos diagnosticos. Se recomienda seguimiento por biopsia, en especial, a los que continuan con infeccion cronica y presenten nodulos linfoides, por el riesgo de presentar linfoma gastrico de celulas B del tejido linfoide asociado a mucosa (linfoma MALT), si no se consigue la erradicacion del Helicobacter pylori .