Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prandtl tip loss factor assessed

The Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is widely used for the design of wind turbine blades and predicting aerodynamic loads because of its ability to compute fast and reasonable results. However, the Prandtl tip loss factor is needed to improve the accuracy of the results near the tip. In this thesis the limitations and shortcomings of this factor are identified, by using higher fidelity methods. The results show that the Prandtl tip loss factor should be improved on the account of the radial movement of the flow and that there are four tip loss factors that outperform the others.
Improving Food Insecurity Education in Medical School Through Integrative Service Learning

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has left more than 38% of households food insecure in the United States. Improved education of food security topics in medical school can improve screening for food insecurity and improve health outcomes. The first aim of this study was to address if participation in an experiential integrative service learning program improved medical students’ understanding of food insecurity. The second aim was to compare knowledge of food insecurity between the general body of medical students and those who participated in the service learning program. Methods This was a cohort study at a large medical school in southeast Michigan in 2019–2020. We administered the Food Insecurity for Health Professionals (FISHP) survey to medical student participants; higher scores on the FISHP survey suggest higher knowledge and comfort with food security topics. We administered online Qualtrics surveys to the volunteer group before and after volunteering 12 hours at an urban farm. We also administered a one-time survey to a control group of medical students. We performed univariable and bivariable statistical analyses with StataSE 16. The study was exempted by the institutional IRB. Results Medical students in the volunteer group (n = 18) and the control group (n = 66) completed online surveys. Participants in the volunteer group had increased knowledge of food security after volunteering in the service learning program (p = .03). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean FISHP scores for the control group and the volunteer group (p = .001). Conclusion Medical student participation in an experiential integrative service learning program improved knowledge of food security topics and increased comfort discussing food insecurity with patients, compared to students who did not participate. Experiential integrative service learning may improve holistic patient care through physician recognition of food insecurity and other social determinants of health.
Student selection criteria for the study of architecture : with special reference to Iran

The underlying aim of this research is to gain a better knowledge of the relationship between the selection criteria and academic performance of the students of architecture; and the specific aim is to evaluate and improve the methods of student selection in Iranian schools of architecture. The thesis consists of three parts. The first part (Chapters 1 to 3) prepares the theoretical ground for the study. Chapter 1 introduces the general issues of student selection, and Chapter 2 presents a review of the related studies. To supplement the review, a survey was conducted to learn about the present state of affairs in a number of university schools of architecture. Describing this survey, Chapter Three reports differing views on the selection criteria and procedures, and the lack of objective knowledge on this subject. The second part (Chapters 4 to 6) is a close examination of two different student selection methods in Iran by means of a qualitative and a quantitative survey. Chapter Four describes the educational practices in Iran which form the background to the case studies. Chapter Five is a quantitative study on the relationship between selection criteria and the subsequent academic performance of the selected students. The possibility of significant non-academic differences between groups of students who were selected through two different methods, and also the predictive ability of some non-academic variables, are studied in a qualitative survey in Chapter Six. In the third part (Chapter 7) various findings of the previous chapters are brought together. It is concluded that the choice between alternative selection methods is more a matter of compromise than perfection. However, the research findings call into question some of the assumptions of the currently applied selection methods. For instance, little evidence was found to support the customary application of an identical entrance examination for all schools of architecture. Moreover, evidence was found for the noticeable relationship between the academic performance of the students and some non-academic characteristics which the rigid academic selection criteria tend to overlook. Finally, some recommendations are proposed for the improvement of selection procedures for the study of architecture in Iran.
Gamified Solutions in Healthcare - Testing Rehabilitation Games in Finland and Asia

This paper presents a comprehensive summary of the Gamified Solutions in Healthcare (GSH) research project, which is a joint research project between Turku University of Applied Sciences and the University of Turku. The goal of the project is to promote exercise, social inclusiveness and enhance quality of life, aiming at developing new services and effective activity solutions for the elderly through gamification. During the research project elderly people were included in the development and testing of games so that they could be used for more than just entertainment purposes. According to all of our tests elderly enjoy playing exergames, and digital games can be an effective way to enhance the quality of life of the elderly. In the case studies it was observed that the players where motivated while playing but motivation should also be maintained throughout the gameplay. The elderly gave overall positive feedback for the idea of using digital activity games for exercising.
STIFF: thermally safe temperature effect inversion aware FinFET based multi-core

FinFET, a non-planar device, has become the prevalent choice for chip-multiprocessor (CMP) designs due to its lower leakage and improved scalability as compared to planar CMOS devices. FinFETs are fundamentally different from conventional CMOS circuits in terms of circuit-delay vs. temperature, i.e., circuit-delay decreases in FinFET at higher temperature even in the super threshold supply-voltage regime. Such characteristic of FinFET is known as temperature effect inversion (TEI). But, a drastic increase in channel temperature may lead to an increase in leakage consumption and may accelerate the circuit aging process due to the self-heating effect (SHE). This paper introduces STIFF, which balances the upsides of TEI against the potential hazardous SHE in a FinFET based CMP. Basically, STIFF exploits online performance statistics to determine the thermal intensity of cores and local caches, and scales the supply-voltage prudentially to maintain a stable core-frequency and local-cache performance on-the-fly by exploiting TEI, while reducing the SHE. Our simulation results show that, STIFF is able to maintain a stable frequency of 3.7GHz of the cores with a small standard deviation of 0.23, while maintaining a safe temperature during execution, and it outperforms a state-of-the-art DVFS technique for the FinFET based cores. STIFF also maintains a stable access time at the local L1 caches, while ensuring thermal safety by introducing a cache access cognizant scaling of the supply voltage of the individual L1 cache-banks without any noticeable performance-loss.
Land Preservation Uptakes in the Escarpments of North-Eastern Ethiopia: Drivers, Sustainability, and Constraints

Agricultural land is an indispensable resource for agrarian communities worldwide. There is a growing awareness that the world’s arable land supplies are limited and finite. For the last five decades, the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) and other development organisations have carried out land preservation uptakes intended to curb the effects of land degradation and improve agricultural productivity through various soil and water conservation practices (SWCPs). The study assessed the sustainability, drivers, and constraints of SWCPs in Dessie Zuria and Kutaber Woredas of South Wollo. We used the exploratory case study approach, involving qualitative and quantitative methods. Catastrophic weather conditions, the presence of the soil and water conservation program, and declining soil fertility were the top drivers influencing the program’s implementation. Based on the identified farm-level indicators and views of the respondents, physical measures were more sustainable than biological and mixed methods. The prominent factors hurdling the intervention were lack of tenure security, risk of rodent infestation, and losing a sense of ownership. Training community members on the importance of land preservation, amending the existing rigid land tenure policy, incorporating indigenous SWCPs, broadening the scale and extent of community participation, and enforcing laws and bylaws are recommended for the upcoming interventions. The finding has implications for land preservation and food security actors working to scale up evidence-based sustainable land management practices to the broader area.
Critically Evaluated Spectral Data for Singly Ionized Carbon (C ii)

All available experimental data on the spectrum of singly ionized carbon have been critically analyzed. Measurement uncertainties of all published studies have been reassessed. The scope of observational data includes laboratory emission spectra of arcs, sparks, electrodeless discharges, and hollow cathode lamps recorded with grating and Fourier transform spectrometers, laboratory photoabsorption spectra, and emission spectra of planetary nebulae. The total number of observed spectral lines included in this compilation is 597. These lines participate in 972 transitions. From this list of identified transitions, we have derived a set of 414 energy levels, which are optimized using a least-squares fitting procedure. The identifications are supported by parametric calculations with Cowan’s codes. The existing tables of critically evaluated transition probabilities have been extended with our newly calculated data. The ionization energy has been derived from the newly optimized energy levels with improved precision. Data on the isotope shifts and hyperfine structure have also been compiled.
Coupling Parareal with Optimized Schwarz Waveform Relaxation for Parabolic Problems

We propose and analyse a parallel method, both in the time and space directions, that couples the Parareal algorithm with the Optimized Schwarz waveform relaxation (OSWR) method, with only few OSWR iterations in the fine propagator and with a simple coarse propagator deduced from the Backward Euler method. The analysis of this coupled method is presented for a one-dimensional advectionreaction-diffusion equation. We prove a general convergence result for this method via energy estimates. Numerical results for two-dimensional advection-diffusion problems and for a diffusion equation with strong heterogeneities are presented, to illustrate the performance of the coupled Parareal-OSWR algorithm.
Identity formation among mixed families in a conflictual society: The case of Jewish–Muslim families in Israel

Mixed families offer a unique opportunity to explore the interrelated aspects of identity such as religion, ethnicity, and nationalism. In Israel, intermarriages of Muslims and Jews are particularly interesting because the complex tensions between these identities are intertwined with the national conflict between Israelis and Palestinians. However, such mixed families have rarely been studied. The purpose of this study is to identify the ways in which mixed families construct their identities in the context of a conflictual society. It is based on ethnographic work conducted among 16 Jewish–Muslim families. Findings indicate two patterns of identity formation: single identity, in which one spouse transitions to the other spouse’s culture, and hybrid identity, in which each spouse takes part in the other’s religious and cultural practices. This article demonstrates how socioeconomic status affects the choices that mixed families make in the process of identity formation in the context of a conflictual society.
Brain Activity in Rats Exposed to Short-Term External Electrical Fields

The effects of external electric fields (EEF) on brain activity in anesthetized rats were studied. The field strengths used, 9 kV/m and 5 kV/m, both D.C. and A.C. (60Hz) were in the range of those measured beneath current overhead transmission lines. Brain activity was monitored from surface electrodes and from electrodes stereotaxically implanted in the posterior-lateral portion of the hypothalamus. It was found that 9 kV/m and 5 kV/m EEF's both D.C. and A.C. brought about statistically significant changes in hypothalamic activity, however, the effects were bi-directional, (i.e. increases and decreases). Only seven of the 60 animals exposed showed changes in the EEG recorded with surface electrodes. The data clearly indicate that (1) anesthetized animals do respond to a change in the external electric field around them, (2) the hypothalamus may contain special electro-receptors that, in turn, may alter various other physiological processes, and (3) the data indicates the need for further research to help government agencies to establish more adequate safety guidelines.
Representative task design in cricket batting

In recent years researchers have argued that in order to fully understand perceptual cognitive expertise in sports, representative tasks must be used to preserve the tightly coupled links between perception and action that experts exploit. Previously, tasks have been considered as representative or not, with little evidence existing to indicate the degree to which a task is representative enough. This thesis primarily aimed to investigate experimentally representative tasks in cricket batting and the degree to which a laboratory-based task of cricket batting was able to represent batters’ emergent perceptuo-motor behaviour for perceiving bowlers’ delivery length. A secondary aim was to re-evaluate perceptuo-motor behaviours thought to contribute to skilled performance and their development. In chapter 2 skilled batsmen’s foot movements were recorded in response to balls bowled to a range of lengths under in situ and video-based laboratory conditions. Kinematic analyses quantified decision-making skill and movement scaling. Analyses revealed the laboratory condition to have a high degree of fidelity. Skilled batter’s Foot movements were reliably replicated and differences were found compared to a novice group. In chapter 3, response mode, occlusion condition and skill level were compared on the representative laboratory test developed in chapter 2. Analyses identified that skilled performance was only aided by maintaining coupled responses under occluded conditions, whilst no differences were observed under un-occluded conditions. Skilled performers were also shown to possess greater anticipation skills compared with novices under both coupled and un-coupled conditions. In Chapter 4, the effects of manipulating information present in situ, through simulated ball flight, and fully simulated training aids were compared in a novel experimental paradigm. Skilled batsmen faced deliveries across a range of lengths from a bowler (in situ), from a bowling machine (simulated ball flight) and from a ProBatter simulator (fully simulated action and ball flight). Results showed that simulated ball flight condition resulted in foot movements that were closer to in situ than the fully simulated condition, suggesting that if present, the link between bowling action and ball flight needs to be tightly coupled. These results demonstrate for the first time that representative tasks must not be considered unilaterally as representative or not, but instead the degree of representativeness should be quantified and evaluated against the expert behaviour under investigation. Determination of the degree of representativeness would allow researchers to apply findings to the performance environment with greater knowledge of their potential impact.
Analysis of one-way and two-way street configurations on urban grid networks

ABSTRACT In this paper, we study traffic behavior on three different street configurations: one-way streets, two-way streets, and two-way streets with prohibited left turns. This study is novel because it employs three assignment and simulation methods to evaluate the networks under different conditions: analytical formulations, a Static Traffic Assignment algorithm, and a microsimulation software with a Dynamic Traffic Assignment. In general, the study reveals that two-way networks provide the shortest distance traveled but they are severely penalized by restrictions in capacity at the intersections. One-way networks offer the longest travel distances but have intersections with very high capacity. They perform better in congested scenarios. Finally, two-way networks with prohibited left turns provide the best compromise between distance travelled and intersection capacity, making them suitable for many different scenarios. Their main weakness is the lack of route redundancy that can lead to large travel times when networks are congested.
Covid-19 – An Unexpected Journey. Exploring Metaphorical Representations of Covid-19 among the medical professionals

Since December 2019 Covid-19 has spread throughout the world at a dangerously fast pace and soon become a global pandemic. The virus, which is often talked about metaphorically, is the most frequently discussed subject nowadays. Many linguists have investigated the metaphorical conceptualizations of the virus;nevertheless, no research is available on the conceptualization of Covid-19 among doctors. Hence, the present paper investigates the metaphorical conceptualization of Covid-19 among medical professionals. Furthermore, the paper compares the doctors' conceptualizations of the virus to those of laypeople (office workers) and offers a detailed elaboration on the differences in metaphor usage in two sample groups.
Designing of Podcast Ubiquitous Technology-Based for Developing some English Language Skills and User Collaboration

The design of podcast in electronic environments to develop English language skills is one of the innovative trends. Hence, the Ubiquitous of the technology-based learning is an endeavor due to the availability of mobile devices and smart phones of various types among students on campus. Yet, the dilemma lies in shortage of activating them to achieve the students’ academic factors. It is very difficult either for the lack of skills of the learners themselves or for the absence of teachers’ skills in designing and employing these technologies to benefit from them on the university campus. The difficulties are crystalized in the lack of specialists in educational technology, as it requires an understanding of design standards, models and strategies of teaching within these environments. For this goal, integration between researches in such disciplines seems necessary. Regarding the weakness of academic skills among the students themselves, this may be due to students' preoccupation with technological tools that are not related to the development of their academic performance. Consequently, specialists from faculty members in universities should guide students to benefit from e-learning environments professionally and personally from such environments such as ubiquitous learning and podcasting for developing academic skills such as English language skills associated with speaking. The environment should be linked to improving user collaboration to interact with the provided content to achieve the greatest possible benefit from such environments in which the performance of learners must be documented. In effect, the research aims at identifying the mechanisms of Designing of Podcast Ubiquitous Technology-Based, and measuring the impact of this design on the development of some English language skills, which were challenged in the research with the skill of speaking due to its close association with voice podcasting. This has been illustrated in the student achieving the following skills (Good pronunciation, choosing words to express the situation, organizing the content of the dialogue, choosing the appropriate time to speak, choosing the appropriate pauses, and a good conclusion). In addition, it aims at identifying the extent to which the design of Designing of Podcast Ubiquitous Technology-Based. In addition, it provides opportunities for students to achieve high collaboration, which was described in the research with user collaboration. The following set of skills are such as (the student's collaboration in linking the course content, the student's collaboration in the course's learning activities and tasks, and the student's collaboration in helping others in the environment) and these skills represent aspects of the learner's personality in electronic environments.
Post-acute health care burden after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study

Background: The post-acute burden of health care use after SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. We sought to quantify the post-acute burden of health care use after SARS-CoV-2 infection among community-dwelling adults in Ontario by comparing those with positive and negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving community-dwelling adults in Ontario who had a PCR test between Jan. 1, 2020, and Mar. 31, 2021. Follow-up began 56 days after PCR testing. We matched people 1:1 on a comprehensive propensity score. We compared per-person-year rates for health care encounters at the mean and 99th percentiles, and compared counts using negative binomial models, stratified by sex. Results: Among 531 702 matched people, mean age was 44 (standard deviation [SD] 17) years and 51% were female. Females who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a mean of 1.98 (95% CI 1.63 to 2.29) more health care encounters overall per-person-year than those who had a negative test result, with 0.31 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.56) more home care encounters to 0.81 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) more long-term care days. At the 99th percentile per-person-year, females who tested positive had 6.48 more days of hospital admission and 28.37 more home care encounters. Males who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had 0.66 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.99) more overall health care encounters per-person-year than those who tested negative, with 0.14 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.21) more outpatient encounters and 0.48 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.60) long-term care days, and 0.43 (95% CI −0.67 to −0.21) fewer home care encounters. At the 99th percentile, they had 8.69 more days in hospital per-person-year, with fewer home care (−27.31) and outpatient (−0.87) encounters. Interpretation: We found significantly higher rates of health care use after a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test in an analysis that matched test-positive with test-negative people. Stakeholders can use these findings to prepare for health care demand associated with post-COVID-19 condition (long COVID).