Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Safety and Efficacy of Prestige Coils for Embolization of Vascular Abnormalities: The Embo-Prestige Study

A wide variety of coils are available for vascular embolization. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new Prestige coil. We carried out retrospective analysis of a multicenter’s registry data collected between February 2022 and November 2022. The choice of embolization agent used to treat peripheral vascular anomalies was left to the investigator’s discretion. Patients for whom at least one Prestige coil was used were included in Series 1. All other patients were included in Series 2. Efficacy and safety were evaluated. Patients were followed up for one month. In total, 220 patients were included, 110 in each series. Patients included 149 men (67.7%) and 71 women (32.3%), with a median age of 62.5 years (IQR: 35.8–73). Patient ages were similar in the two series. Complete occlusion of the targeted vessel was reported in 96.4% (n = 106/110) of patients in Series 1 and in 99.7% (n = 109/110) in Series 2. Four patients experienced non-serious adverse events (1.8%, n = 4/220): one experienced back pain and one vomiting in Series 1; one patient had off-target embolization and one a puncture site hematoma in Series 2. Sixteen patients (7.2%, n = 16/220) were lost to follow up. Improvement in the patient’s general state at one month was reported in 79.0% (n = 83/105) of patients in Series 1 and in 74.7% (n = 74/99) in Series 2. Ten deaths occurred, five in Series 1 (4.8%, n = 5/105) and five in Series 2 (5.1%, n = 5/99). These deaths all concerned critically ill patients embolized for emergent arterial bleeding. In conclusion, the 1-month follow-up showed that Prestige coils, alone or in combination, are efficient and safe.
Assessment of tillage translocation and erosion by the disk plow on steepland Andisols in Costa Rica

One of the major threats to the sustainability of agriculture within the Americas is that posed by soil erosion due to the actions of rain, wind, and tillage. Soil degradation by tillage erosion is of greatest concern in regions where intensively tilled crops are grown on highly erodible landscapes. To date, very little research has been conducted on the potential for tillage erosion within intensively cultivated vegetable and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production, especially within steep mountainous agroecosystems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to measure tillage translocation and tillage erosion by the arado de disco (disk plow), an implement used across Latin America and the most common mechanized primary tillage implement used in the potato-growing volcanic highlands of Costa Rica. Our results suggest that tillage erosion is a major problem in this region. Soil movement downslope by the arado de disco was approximately twice that moved upslope, and a highly significant relationship was observed between both the mean displacement distance of the tilled layer and the mass of translocated soil and slope gradient when all up- and downslope cultivated tillage translocation plots were included in the regression analysis. When the data were separated and only those plots cultivated downslope were analyzed, the potential for tillage erosion more than doubled. If tillage operations are only conducted downslope, the rate of tillage erosion is equivalent to ~250 Mg ha−1 pass−1 (~112 tn ac−1 pass−1) from the top 5 m (16.4 ft) below a field boundary. These results show that not only is the arado de disco an erosive implement but that downslope-only cultivation is a highly erosive tillage practice—as the measured erosivity values are larger than those typically reported for implements in Europe and North America (where tillage operations are normally conducted in alternating up- and downslope directions). Our results also suggest that the variability in both speed of tillage and depth of tillage across the landscape were important factors controlling tillage translocation by the arado de disco. However, since tillage operations on the steep slopes of Volcán Irazú are typically conducted downhill, depth of tillage had a much greater effect on tillage translocation under these conditions than did speed of tillage. It is clear that a reduction in tillage erosion is necessary to reduce soil losses in this intensively cropped region of Costa Rica and for similar steepland agricultural regions in the Americas.
Improving fashion design learning outcomes by problem based learning model in Vocational High School

The background of this research problem was the low learning outcomes of students in the cognitive domain of Fashion Design course. This research aims at describing the implementation of the Problem Based Learning model to improve student learning outcomes in the Fashion Design course. The research was conducted at Vocational High School 6 Padang with the method used was Classroom Action Research (CAR). This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was divided into 2 cycles. Each cycle was divided into 4 stages: 1) Planning, 2) Implementation. 3) Observation, 4) Reflection. The research subjects used were students of Grade XI Fashion Design I at Vocational High School 6 Padang, totaling 29 students. Data collection techniques used observation, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique was carried out by quantitative and qualitative analyzing. In the first cycle, students reached the Minimum Completeness Criteria of learning outcomes as much as 55%. In the second cycle, it increased while 83% of students have reached the Minimum Completeness Criteria. Thus, it can be concluded that the implementation of Fashion Design learning by using the Problem Based Learning Model can improve student learning outcomes in grade XI Fashion Design I at Vocational High School 6 Padang.
The Effects of Commercially-Relevant Disturbances on Sleep Behaviour in Laying Hens

Simple Summary The welfare of farm animals is important to the animal, farmers and consumers. Sleep is sensitive to disturbances and may be a useful tool in assessing welfare at night. The objective of this study was to look at the effects of 24 h disturbances (feed removal, increased room temperature, footpad pain) on sleep behaviour in laying hens. Sleep during lights-off comprised both slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Averaged over all nights, behaviour during lights-off consisted of 60% SWS and 12% REM sleep, with the remaining 28% attributed to being awake. During lights-off, feed removal and footpad pain had little to no effect on behaviours, while increased room temperature nearly eliminated REM sleep and reduced SWS. During lights-on, footpad pain increased the amount of time hens spent resting and in SWS, with no effects seen for feed removal or increased temperature. Global warming and subsequent increased poultry shed temperatures are likely to result in reduced sleep and welfare in on-farm laying hens, while lack of feed and footpad pain may disrupt sleep less. Abstract Ensuring the welfare of commercially kept animals is a legal and ethical responsibility. Sleep behaviour can be sensitive to environmental perturbations and may be useful in assessing welfare state. The objective of this study was to use behavioural and electrophysiological (EEG) measures to observe the effects of 24 h stressors followed by periods of no stressors on laying hen sleep behaviour, and to investigate the use of sleep behaviour as a means of welfare assessment in commercial poultry. Ten laying hens surgically implanted with EEG devices to record their brain activity over four batches were used. Hens were subjected to undisturbed, disturbed and recovery periods for 24 h. Disturbed periods consisted of either feed deprivation, increased ambient temperature (28 °C) or simulated footpad pain via injection of Freund’s adjuvant into the footpad. Sleep state was scored using behaviour data from infrared cameras and EEG data. Over all periods, hens engaged in both SWS (average 60%) and REM sleep (average 12%) during the lights-off period. Feed deprivation and footpad pain had little to no effect on sleep states, while increased ambient temperature significantly reduced REM sleep (to near elimination, p < 0.001) and SWS (p = 0.017). During the lights-on period, footpad pain increased the proportion of time spent resting (p = 0.008) and in SWS (p < 0.001), with feed deprivation or increased ambient temperature (p > 0.05) having no effect. Increasing ambient temperatures are likely to affect sleep and welfare in commercially-kept laying hens in the face of global climate change.
Simulation of radar reflectivities using a mesoscale weather forecast model

A three‐dimensional radar simulation model (RSM) using predicted fields of a nonhydrostatic mesoscale weather forecast model, the Lokal‐Modell (LM) with 2.8 km resolution, has been developed. The LM output data include the fields of the simulated hydrometeor types to study realistic cloud and precipitation fields, covering all stages of precipitation development. The RSM is able to simulate radar reflectivity measurements of any kind of radar situated within the model domain and hence allows a quick quality control of the predicted hydrometeor components. We show comparisons of simulated measurements with real measurements of a C‐band radar and an X‐band radar of a squall line at midlatitudes. Another application of the RSM is analytical studies using realistic physical structures of the atmosphere as given by the LM, e.g., the relation between three‐dimensional reflectivity fields and the surface rain rate. The RSM is a useful tool for (1) the validation, and hence improvement, of mesoscale models and (2) the estimation of some of the errors related to the determination of the surface rain rate.
Radiocarbon Ages of Soils and Charcoal in Late Wisconsinan Loess, South-Central Nebraska

Abstract The Farmdale Soil occurs below late Wisconsinan loess throughout the U.S. Midwest. At the La Sena site in the central Great Plains, humates in the Farmdale Interstadial Soil have a corrected age of 21,000 yr B.P. Humates in a buried Bt horizon and a bulk sample of overlying loess 2.5 m above the Farmdale Interstadial Soil have ages of 17,000 and 19,000 yr B.P., respectively. In the Republican River Valley Picea (spruce) charcoal is common in the lower meter of Peoria loess. Near Bloomington, Nebraska, humates from burned organic matter only 60 cm above the base of Peoria loess have a corrected age of ca. 19,000 yr B.P.
Increasing Fire Weather Potential Over Northeast China Linked to Declining Bering Sea Ice

Northeast China (NEC) is one of the most severely impacted regions by fire and biomass burning in the country. Notably, fires in this area have exhibited an increasing trend over the past decade, contrasting with the extensive pollution reduction observed in other parts of China. In this study, we combine observational data analysis and climate model simulations to demonstrate that the escalation of spring fire activities in NEC is likely induced by a decline in Bering Sea ice concentration during preceding months. This Arctic‐driven teleconnection contributes to increased temperatures and decreased precipitation in NEC through reduced vertical wind shear, anomalously northerly wind transport, and the formation of a high‐pressure center with descending airflow. These changes are conducive to fire ignition and expansion. Furthermore, this linkage may be amplified in future warmer scenarios. This mechanism holds significant implications for predicting decadal fire activity and furthering our understanding of global environmental projections.
The Sustainable Bioactive Dyeing of Textiles: A Novel Strategy Using Bacterial Pigments, Natural Antibacterial Ingredients, and Deep Eutectic Solvents

The textile industry stands as a prominent contributor to global environmental pollution, primarily attributable to its extensive reliance on synthetic dyes, hazardous components, and solvents throughout the textile dyeing and treatment processes. Consequently, the pursuit of sustainable textile solutions becomes imperative, aimed at replacing these environmentally unfriendly constituents with biobased and bioactive pigments, antibacterial agents, and, notably, natural solvents. Achieving this goal is a formidable yet indispensable challenge. In this study, the dyeing ability of the crude gel prodigiosin, produced by non-pathogenic bacteria Serratia plymuthica, was investigated on various multifiber fabrics at different conditions (temperature and pH) and by using salts and alternative mordants (the conventional Ferrous Sulphate (FeSO4) and a new bio-mordant, L-Cysteine (L-Cys)). Additionally, a novel gel-based Choline chloride (ChCl)/Lactic acid (LA) (1:2) deep eutectic solvent (DES) dyeing medium was studied to replace the organic solvents. Nylon fabrics dyed with 3.0% over the weight of the fiber (owf) L-Cys at pH = 8.3 had improved color fastness to washing, while the gel-based ChCl/LA (1:2) DES dyebath provided a better color fastness to light. Moreover, nylon fabrics under these conditions exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). In conclusion, the utilization of the crude gel-based prodigiosin pigment demonstrates a distinct advantage in dyeing textile materials, aligning with the growing consumer demand for more eco-friendly and sustainable products. Additionally, the application of the natural reducing agent L-Cys, previously untested as a bio-mordant, in conjunction with the use of gel-based DES as a dyeing medium, has showcased improved colorimetric and antibacterial properties when applied to nylon that is dyed with the crude gel prodigiosin pigment.
Slope, aspect, and phosphogypsum effects on runoff and erosion.

The effect of slope, aspect (windward vs. leeward), and phosphogypsum (PG) application on rain amount, runoff, and erosion from a Grumusol soil (Typic Chromoxerert in Israel) was measured in small field plots (1 by 1.5 m) exposed to natural rainstorms. The amount of effective rain on the slopes, as measured with small rain gauges with orifices in a plane parallel to the slope, increased slightly on the windward aspect as slope increased to ∼58% and decreased thereafter. On the leeward aspect, the amount of effective rain dropped steadily to half of the meteorological rain at a slope of 100%. The amount of runoff was not affected by slope on the windward aspect but decreased sharply on the leeward aspect as slope increased. PG releases electrolytes into the percolating and runoff water, prevents dispersion of the particles at the surface, stabilizes the soil structure, and reduced soil erosion. PG applied at 5 Mg ha⁻¹ reduced runoff to about 25% of that in the control and reduced soil loss to 1 to 3% of that in the control. The dramatic effect of PG on erosion increased with slope steepness. This work was supported by US-Israel CDR Project no. C7-036.
Comparison of regional and at‐site approaches to modelling probabilities of heavy precipitation

Several approaches to estimating distributions of precipitation extremes are compared by means of simulation experiments, and their applications into observed data in the Czech Republic are evaluated. Regional frequency models, which take into account data in fixed or flexible ‘regions’ when fitting a distribution at any site, lead to estimates with much smaller errors compared to a single‐site analysis, and efficiently reduce random and climatologically irrelevant variations in the estimates of the model parameters and high quantiles. The region‐of‐influence (ROI) methodology with a built‐in regional homogeneity test is recognized as a useful approach, with the model based on proximity of sites outperforming the Hosking–Wallis regional frequency analysis. Comparison of estimates of the return period of a heavy precipitation event on 24 June 2009, which triggered a disastrous local flash flood, illustrates that the at‐site analysis leads to unrealistic and extremely uncertain estimates that strongly depend on whether or not a single outlying observation is involved in the sample, while all regional methods yield return periods in the same order of several hundreds of years, notwithstanding whether the 2009 data are included in the sample. The ROI method may be found useful for modelling probabilities of other meteorological variables, extremes of which are strongly influenced by sampling variability, and may also represent an efficient tool for ‘smoothing’ random variations in the estimates of model parameters and high quantiles of precipitation in high‐resolution regional climate model simulations. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Analysis of Multiuser Diversity Gain Achieved by MIMO Systems Through User Scheduling Based on Limited Feedback in Dense Cellular Networks

We examine the sum rate of multiple-input multiple-output broadcast channels in which the locations of base stations (BS) and users follow independent homogeneous Poisson point processes. Each BS schedules appropriate users for spatial multiplexing based on partial channel state information provided by users. In this scenario, we develop a suitable channel quality information (CQI) for user scheduling, which attains a nearly optimal multiuser diversity gain. Using the proposed CQI, we determine the growth rate of the sum rate achieved with limited feedback in densely populated cellular environments. In comparison to the single-cell scenario, the growth rate is slightly diminished due to inter-cell interference caused by the dense BS topology. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that the gap in net sum spectral efficiencies achieved through user scheduling with the proposed CQI remains significantly large, even within dense cellular networks, provided that each BS can employ the optimal number of feedback bits. Thus, we also investigate the optimal feedback rate that maximizes the net sum spectral efficiency.
Compressibility of porous rocks: Part I. Measurements of Hungarian reservoir rock samples

Pore volume compressibility is one of the physical properties of a reservoir that must be specified in many reservoir-engineering calculations. In the presented research, the effect of compact pressure, temperature and porosity on compressibility was investigated. A total of twenty-two different cores were tested: five limestone, one friable sandstone, fourteen medium to hard sandstone, and two very dense sandstone. Core samples were placed in the test cell and subject to compacting pressure up to 10,000 psi. Runs were made at room temperature and at 52°C for limestone samples.Although there were some publications concerning measurement and study of the effect of pressure and temperature on pore volume compressibility of reservoir rocks, nothing has been published about compressibility of Hungarian reservoir rocks, except of the work of Tóth and Bauer (1988). The present study showed pore volume compressibility data for different Hungarian fields. The result of the study at high temperature (52°C) shows that pore compressibility increases with increasing temperature.
Local time influence in single‐satellite radio occultation climatologies from Sun‐synchronous and non‐Sun‐synchronous satellites

[1] The sampling error of Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) derived temperature climatologies is computed over a representative time span of 2 years and compared for Sun-synchronous and non-Sun-synchronous Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. The main focus lies on the sampling error's local time component, which is caused by incomplete sampling of the diurnal cycle and which depends on the geometry of the satellite orbits. The Sun-synchronous satellite MetOp (Meteorological Operational European weather satellite) and the non-Sun-synchronous satellite CHAMP (Challenging Minisatellite Payload), both carrying GPS RO instruments on board, serve as representative cases. For the Sun-synchronous satellite MetOp the local time component remains constant during the whole observation period such that the magnitude of the local time errors in monthly mean or longer-term mean RO climatologies is generally lower than ±0.1 K. Except for potential long-term effects of global warming on the diurnal cycle, which might require calibration, this small local time component is stable on decadal timescales and is mainly positive in the Northern Hemisphere and at low latitudes, whereas it is mainly negative in the Southern Hemisphere. These features are attributable to a slight orbit-determined asymmetry in local time sampling. The typical (temporally stable) local time error of an annual mean MetOp climatology resolved into 18 zonal bands amounts to ∼0.04 K. For the non-Sun-synchronous satellite CHAMP the local time error component in monthly mean RO climatologies is also small (up to about ±0.15 K) but more variable (about zero mean) at middle and high latitudes. At low latitudes it results in sinusoidally varying positive and negative deviations with a several-months period, resulting from the local time drift of the satellite. The magnitude of local time errors is slightly larger compared to MetOp since the monthly averaging period is too short for CHAMP to entirely sample a diurnal cycle; a longer averaging period further decreases CHAMP's local time component. An annual mean climatology resolved into 18 zonal bands shows for CHAMP a typical local time residual error component of ∼0.03 K. The overall evidence is that even with single RO satellites, monthly climatologies of high accuracy (sampling error <0.3 K) with the local time component being a minor part (<0.1 K to 0.15 K) can be obtained.
Impact of grid resolution on the integrated and distributed response of a coupled surface–subsurface hydrological model for the des Anglais catchment, Quebec

Digital elevation models (DEMs) at different resolutions (180, 360, and 720 m) are used to examine the impact of different levels of landscape representation on the hydrological response of a 690‐km2 catchment in southern Quebec. Frequency distributions of local slope, plan curvature, and drainage area are calculated for each grid size resolution. This landscape analysis reveals that DEM grid size significantly affects computed topographic attributes, which in turn explains some of the differences in the hydrological simulations. The simulations that are then carried out, using a coupled, process‐based model of surface and subsurface flow, examine the effects of grid size on both the integrated response of the catchment (discharge at the main outlet and at two internal points) and the distributed response (water table depth, surface saturation, and soil water storage). The results indicate that discharge volumes increase as the DEM is coarsened, and that coarser DEMs are also wetter overall in terms of water table depth and soil water storage. The reasons for these trends include an increase in the total drainage area of the catchment for larger DEM cell sizes, due to aggregation effects at the boundary cells of the catchment, and to a decrease in local slope and plan curvature variations, which in turn limits the capacity of the watershed to transmit water downslope and laterally. The results obtained also show that grid resolution effects are less pronounced during dry periods when soil moisture dynamics are mostly controlled by vertical fluxes of evaporation and percolation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.