Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From Human Resource Development to National Human Resource Development: resolving contemporary HRD challenges

Faced by past and present challenges, efforts have been made to extend the scope of Human Resource Development (HRD) to cover national level HRD issues with an emerging new paradigm of HRD research agenda, the National Human Resource Development (NHRD) as proposed by McLean and others in 2004. This paper provides a review of the literature related to HRD and NHRD, with the main purpose to critically debate the adequacy of HRD and the plausibility of NHRD in resolving contemporary HRD challenges. Through the review of related literature, a set of contemporary challenges were identified from the environment, as well as at the entry, task, validation and exit levels of HRD processes. The capability of HRD in resolving these challenges was critiqued, and it illuminated a distinction between traditional HRD (THRD) and modern HRD (MHRD). Based on the discussion, an emerging theoretical base of HRD was modelled, and the NHRD was proposed and highlighted to resolve contemporary challenges
The impacts of sodicity on soil strength

The paper describes an investigation into the relationship between the level of sodium induced at the soil surface by the evaporation of saline water and the shear strength, both immediately after salinisation and then again after leaching. The results indicate that the strength of the surface increases during salinisation in response to increasing sodicity. The increase in shear strength on leaching became apparent once the levels of sodicity had begun to exceed values currently used to identify when swelling and dispersion are likely to exert an influence on the soil structure. It was also discovered that these effects were not merely confined to the surface but existed throughout the depth of the soil. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative performance of singly salient reluctance, switched reluctance, and induction motors

Reluctance motors, both singly and doubly salient, are receiving ever increasing interest because of their low cost, rugged construction, and high performance. This is particularly true when the reluctance motors are excited by currents which are synchronized with the rotor position, as is the case in this paper. The doubly salient reluctance motor, with position-synchronised excitation, is commonly referred to as a Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). The paper compares a singly salient reluctance motor (SSRM), an SRM, and an 'off the shelf induction motor (IM). Every attempt has been made to make this comparison fair'. All three motors have the same cooling, use the same frame, have the same temperature rise, use the same air gap, and use the same steel. The paper concludes that both of the reluctance motors have superior performance to the IM and that the SRM has superior performance to the SSRM. The comparison is for D80 sized motors with a nominal top speed of 1500 rpm.
Assessment of risk factors for early-onset deep surgical site infection following primary total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, annual trend, and perioperative outcomes and identify risk factors of early-onset ( ≤90 d) deep surgical site infection (SSI) following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) for osteoarthritis. We performed a retrospective study using prospectively collected patient-level data from January 2013 to March 2020. The diagnosis of deep SSI was based on the published Centre for Disease Control/National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC/NHSN) definition. The Mann–Kendall trend test was used to detect monotonic trends. Secondary outcomes were 90 d mortality and 90 d readmission. A total of 22 685 patients underwent primary THA for osteoarthritis. A total of 46 patients had a confirmed deep SSI within 90 d of surgery representing a cumulative incidence of 0.2 %. The annual infection rate decreased over the 7-year study period ( p=0.026 ). Risk analysis was performed on 15 466 patients. Risk factors associated with early-onset deep SSI included a BMI > 30 kg m -2 (odds ratio (OR) 3.42 [95 % CI 1.75–7.20]; p<0.001 ), chronic renal disease (OR, 3.52 [95 % CI 1.17–8.59]; p=0.011 ), and cardiac illness (OR, 2.47 [1.30–4.69]; p=0.005 ), as classified by the Canadian Institute for Health Information. Early-onset deep SSI was not associated with 90 d mortality ( p=0.167 ) but was associated with an increased chance of 90 d readmission ( p<0.001 ). This study establishes a reliable baseline infection rate for early-onset deep SSI after THA for osteoarthritis through the use of a robust methodological process. Several risk factors for early-onset deep SSI are potentially modifiable, and therefore targeted preoperative interventions of patients with these risk factors is encouraged.
Therapeutics Effects and Health Benefits of the Caucasus Koumiss: A Review

Koumiss (koumyss, kumiss, kumys, kumyz, kimiz or coomy) has been popular in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and the Turkic, Mongolian, and Caucasian peoples of Russia: Altay, Bashkortostan, Buryatia, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, Kalmykia, Karachaevo-Cherkessia, Tatarstan, Tyva, Chuvashia, and Saha (Yakutia). Many countries in numerous Central Asian countries provide Koumiss therapeutic services, which are primarily provided by small and medium-sized accommodation firms that are particularly active in rural areas of those countries. Koumiss is classified as a functional food due to its nutritional and medicinal properties. Many health benefits of koumiss include high probiotic content; antibacterial and antifungal characteristics; regulation of immunity; maintenance of a healthy gastric-intestinal system; regulation of cholesterol and sugar levels; regulation of blood pressure; and induction of some important vitamins. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the health benefits of koumiss.
Invasive Multidrug-Resistant emm93.0 Streptococcus pyogenes Strain Harboring a Novel Genomic Island, Israel, 2017–2019

Invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infections have increased in Israel since 2016 as successful lineages have emerged. We report the emergence and outbreak of a multidrug-resistant S. pyogenes emm93.0, sequence type 10, among iGAS infections in Israel since 2017. This type has been observed very rarely in other countries. During this period, emm93.0 was the cause of 116 infections in Israel and became the leading type during 2018. Most of the infections were from bacteremia (75%), and most patients were male (76%). We observed infections across Israel, mainly in adults. Of note, we observed multidrug resistance for clindamycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed clonality among geographically disseminated isolates. The local emm93.0 sequence type 10 clone contained a novel genomic island harboring the resistance genes lsa(E), lnu(B), and ant (6)-Ia aph(3′)-III. Further phenotypic and genomic studies are required to determine the prevalence of this resistance element in other iGAS types.
Optimal design of force magnification frame of a piezoelectric stack energy harvester

With the rapid development of portable electrical devices, the demand for batteries to power these portable devices increases dramatically. However, the development of the battery technology is slow in energy storage capability and cannot meet such requirements. This paper proposed an optimal frame design for a kind of portable piezoelectric stack energy harvesters, with large force magnification ratio and high energy transmission ratio. Two kinds of design approaches have been studied and explored, i.e., flexure compliant mechanism math based and finite element analysis (FEA) based. Prototypes are fabricated and assembled. Experiments with both static test and dynamic test have been conducted to approve the effectiveness of the proposed design. The measured force magnification ratio of 6.13 times and 21.8 times for the first-stage harvester and the dual-stage harvester are close to the design objective of 7.17 times and 24.4 times. The designed single stage harvester can generate 20.7mW/g2 at resonance frequency of 160Hz with optimal resistance of 393Ω under 0.8g base excitation with 100gram top mass, and the dual stage harvester has power generation of 487mW/g2 at resonance frequency of 38.9Hz with optimal resistance of 818Ω under 1.94g base excitation with 100gram top mass. The proposed two-stage PZT energy harvester can be used to develop portable power regenerator to compensate the urgent battery needs in remote area for both civic and military application.
Common-Mode Voltage Reduction and Neutral-Point Voltage Control Using Space Vector Modulation for Coupled Ten-Switch Three-Phase Three-Level Inverter

Space vector pulsewidth modulation (SVPWM) provides enhanced performance for the coupled ten-switch three-phase three-level inverter (TP-TLI). However, it suffers from high common-mode voltage (CMV) and unbalanced neutral-point voltage (NPV). To solve this problem, a CMVR_SVPWM with CMV reduction and NPV control (NPVC) is proposed in this article. By using suitable vectors with lower CMVs and sequences, the amplitude of CMV is suppressed to 50% of the previous strategies for ten-switch TP-TLI. A newly control degree is explored to regular the NPV through the two pairs of newly virtualized vectors in each sector. The dwell time of each selected vector is indirectly calculated to cooperate the NPVC with the CMVR_SVPWM. By enhancing the dwell time of the desired small vector, the NPV can be balanced while maintaining the almost same output quality. The dead-time effect is analyzed, and the resulting CMV spikes is eliminated by increasing the dwell time of the vector which is less than twice the compensation time. It preferentially attempts to eliminated the CMV spikes based on volt-second balance. This minimizes the effect of the proposed compensation method on output quality. A 3-kVA experimental prototype is built up to verify the feasibility and performance of the proposed CMVR_SVPWM.
The Art Gallery Problem is ∃ℝ-complete

The Art Gallery Problem (AGP) is a classic problem in computational geometry, introduced in 1973 by Victor Klee. Given a simple polygon 풫 and an integer k, the goal is to decide if there exists a set G of k guards within 풫 such that every point p∈ 풫 is seen by at least one guard g∈ G. Each guard corresponds to a point in the polygon 풫, and we say that a guard g sees a point p if the line segment pg is contained in 풫. We prove that the AGP is ∃ ℝ-complete, implying that (1) any system of polynomial equations over the real numbers can be encoded as an instance of the AGP, and (2) the AGP is not in the complexity class NP unless NP = ∃ ℝ. As a corollary of our construction, we prove that for any real algebraic number α, there is an instance of the AGP where one of the coordinates of the guards equals α in any guard set of minimum cardinality. That rules out many natural geometric approaches to the problem, as it shows that any approach based on constructing a finite set of candidate points for placing guards has to include points with coordinates being roots of polynomials with arbitrary degree. As an illustration of our techniques, we show that for every compact semi-algebraic set S⊆ [0, 1]2, there exists a polygon with corners at rational coordinates such that for every p∈ [0, 1]2, there is a set of guards of minimum cardinality containing p if and only if p∈ S. In the ∃ ℝ-hardness proof for the AGP, we introduce a new ∃ ℝ-complete problem ETR-INV. We believe that this problem is of independent interest, as it has already been used to obtain ∃ ℝ-hardness proofs for other problems.
The Diverse Roles of γδ T Cells in Cancer: From Rapid Immunity to Aggressive Lymphoma

Simple Summary γδ T cells play important roles in cancer immunity. Their rapid activation and cytotoxic nature make them promising candidates for use in cell-based immunotherapies; however, under certain conditions, they can induce pro-tumour functions. Furthermore, upon transformation, γδ T cells can develop into aggressive lymphomas with a poor prognosis and no curative therapeutic options. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of our current knowledge on the complex roles of γδ T cells in cancer. We discuss their anti- and pro-tumour functions in both solid and blood cancers, highlighting the key subsets involved and their potential utility in anti-cancer immunotherapy. We also discuss the mechanisms of γδ T-cell transformation, summarising the resulting γδ T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma entities and their genetic and molecular profiles, as well as current and future treatment strategies. Abstract γδ T cells are unique players in shaping immune responses, lying at the intersection between innate and adaptive immunity. Unlike conventional αβ T cells, γδ T cells largely populate non-lymphoid peripheral tissues, demonstrating tissue specificity, and they respond to ligands in an MHC-independent manner. γδ T cells display rapid activation and effector functions, with a capacity for cytotoxic anti-tumour responses and production of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ or IL-17. Their rapid cytotoxic nature makes them attractive cells for use in anti-cancer immunotherapies. However, upon transformation, γδ T cells can give rise to highly aggressive lymphomas. These rare malignancies often display poor patient survival, and no curative therapies exist. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of γδ T cells in immune surveillance and response, with a particular focus on cancer immunity. We summarise the intriguing dichotomy between pro- and anti-tumour functions of γδ T cells in solid and haematological cancers, highlighting the key subsets involved. Finally, we discuss potential drivers of γδ T-cell transformation, summarising the main γδ T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia entities, their clinical features, recent advances in mapping their molecular and genomic landscapes, current treatment strategies and potential future targeting options.
Thinking about sustainability in Theatre for Development projects: my experience of how the politics of funding shapes TfD practice

ABSTRACT This article examines the complexity of embedding the element of sustainability to foster successful TfD practice. I recount my own experience as a TfD practitioner in western Uganda, where, in spite of my effort to execute a sustainable TfD project, I was let down by insufficiency of funds resulting from the high handedness of the funders of my project. I argue that in order to implement a successful TfD project, there should be shared action and understanding between the practitioner and the development funders on issues pertaining to the ethics of practice and the extent of the resources needed.
Adherence to Treatment and Its Relationship with Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Article type: Original article Background and Aim: Adherence to treatment is of utmost importance for the management of patients with cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to determine the degree of adherence to treatment and its relationship with anxiety and depression in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with cardiovascular disease admitted to teaching hospitals in Qom, Iran in 2016. One hundred sixteen patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected via the convenience sampling method. Data collection instruments included demographic information form, Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale, as well as Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive tests and linear regression analysis. Results: Based on the obtained results, about half of the patients (49.1%) scored lower than average in adherence to treatment. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that among the variables included in the univariate model (P<0.15), depression (P=-0.26; β = 0.047) and body mass index (BMI) (P=0.22; β = 0.26) were significantly correlated with treatment adherence. Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of the current study, patients' adherence to a medication regimen was associated with depression and BMI. Psychological problems, especially depression, deserve assiduous attention as important determinants of treatment adherence. Article History: Received: 17 January 2021 Revised: 23 February 2021 Accepted: 23 February 2021
A Social Interpolation Model of Group Problem-Solving

How do people use information from others to solve complex problems? Prior work has addressed this question by placing people in social learning situations where the problems they were asked to solve required varying degrees of exploration. This past work uncovered important interactions between groups' connectivity and the problem's complexity: the advantage of less connected networks over more connected networks increased as exploration was increasingly required for optimally solving the problem at hand. We propose the Social Interpolation Model (SIM), an agent-based model to explore the cognitive mechanisms that can underlie exploratory behavior in groups. Through results from simulation experiments, we conclude that "exploration" may not be a single cognitive property, but rather the emergent result of three distinct behavioral and cognitive mechanisms, namely, (a) breadth of generalization, (b) quality of prior expectation, and (c) relative valuation of self-obtained information. We formalize these mechanisms in the SIM, and explore their effects on group dynamics and success at solving different kinds of problems. Our main finding is that broad generalization and high quality of prior expectation facilitate successful search in environments where exploration is important, and hinder successful search in environments where exploitation alone is sufficient.
Production management model integrating the principles of lean manufacturing and sustainability supported by the cultural transformation of a company

The search for superior production performance has been used by companies to overcome competition in the current global economic scenario. Efficient manufacturing connected to environmental initiatives provides a company with favourable conditions for maintaining uniform and continuous improvement in its competitive performance, while providing operational versatility to respond quickly to volatile markets. As production is one of the most expensive areas for a company, many organisations have sought a new management model for their production system that provides substantial productivity gains, cost saving opportunities and higher customer satisfaction. This study proposes a model of production management and an implementation method integrating the principles of lean manufacturing and sustainability, supported by cultural transformation at the company. Its objective was to achieve productivity gains and improvements on customer satisfaction, as well as develop the ability to provide quick responses to market changes in a globalised economy. The implementation of the proposed model should be gradual, initially addressing fundamental principles, and should operate simultaneously with, and in the same environment as, workforce development and organisational transformation initiatives, to create sustainable improvements.
Insights into Corrosion Inhibition Behavior of a 5-Mercapto-1, 2, 4-Triazole Derivative for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution: Experimental and DFT Studies

A triazole heterocyclic compound namely 3-(4-ethyl-5-mercapto-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl)-1-phenylpropanone (EMTP) was examined for its corrosion protection of mild steel (MS) against 1 M hydrochloric acid medium using gravimetric techniques. EMTP exhibited excellent corrosion protection performance at low and high concentrations towards MS in HCl solution. Comparison of corrosion protection performance of EMTP and its parent triazole and temperature effects of on inhibition efficacy were also studied. EMTP has potential corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution with the highest protection efficacy of 97% at 303 K. The weight loss findings implied that EMTP protects the metal surface corrosion through the creation of a protective layer at the surface mild steel–corrosive solution interface. The inhibitive efficacy increases with the increase of inhibitor concentration and decreases with increased temperature. The adsorption of EMTP on the surface of MS follows Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm process. DFT method was conducted on EMTP molecule to calculate the quantum chemical parameters and to determine the relationship between the molecular structure of EMTP and protection performance. The molecular parameters, such as energy gap and frontier molecular orbital (highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)), and the absolute electronegativity (χ) value from inhibitor molecules to unoccupied d-orbital of iron atoms on the mild steel surface were also determined and correlated with protection efficiency. The theoretical findings revealed that the protection performance of EMTP increased with the increase in HOMO energy, and the nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms are most probable positions for bonding through giving electrons to the d-orbital of iron atoms on the mild steel surface.
Burnout syndrome assessment among Spanish oral surgery consultants: A two populations comparative pilot study

Background The professional Burnout Syndrome (BOS) or Burnout is considered a professional disease made up of three interrelated dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal fulfillment). BOS has been documented to most severely affect the healthcare professions, especially dentists. On the other hand, its appearance has been documented at an early age, during dental training. However, there are no studies that analyze its incidence in professionals dedicated to Oral Surgery and Implantology, determining the age of onset and related factors. Material and Methods The modified Maslach questionnaire was carried out anonymously among the professors and students of the Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology at the Complutense University of Madrid. A total of 36 participants were enrolled in this study and the results of the modified Maslach Questionnaire were established into four groups [1st year (n=6), 2nd year (n=6), 3rd year (n=6) postgraduate students and clinical teachers (n=18)]. The following variables were recorded: Age, sex, years of experience, weekly hours of work, dedication on weekends and scope of work. The statistical analysis performed included Pearson's correlation, analysis of variance, Student's t-test, F-Anova, Chi-Square and Gamma correlation. Statistical Significance of the tests was established of p≤0.05. Results 36 questionnaires were analyzed, of which 22.2% (n = 8) presented BOS, and 77.8% (n = 28) a medium risk of suffering it. The mean values and standard deviation of emotional exhaustion (7.50 ± 2.43; 9.83 ± 4.12; 15.83 ± 6.21; 30.22 ± 7.86), depersonalization (5.50 ± 1.23; 50 ± 3.27; 11.33 ± 1.75; 17.56 ± 4.13), low personal fulfillment (39.67 ± 3.72; 39.33 ± 2.34; 43.17 ± 3, 55; 37.33 ± 5.51) and professional burnout (54.33 ± 2.66; 61.67 ± 2.88; 70.33 ± 5.43; 85.11 ± 9.05) in the four groups respectively. A significant association was found in the appearance of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, years of experience, weekly work hours and the work environment. Conclusions BOS is a disease that can appear from 30 years of age, after 5 years of professional experience and when there is a clinical consultation of 40 hours a week. Oral Surgery and Implantology seems to be a risk activity for the manifestation of depersonalization. Key words:Burnout syndrome, oral surgery, dental implants, students, clinical teachers, dental education.