Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
To evaluate the awareness about human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine in the prevention of cervical cancer amongst the medical students: A KAP study

Cervical cancer is the fifth most common cancer in humans, the second most common cancer in women worldwide and the most common cancer cause of death in the developing countries like India. An observational, cross sectional, questionnaire based study conducted in Grant Govt. Medical College & Sir JJ Group of Hospital among 500 medical students of either sex who were either in II year or passed II year of their curriculum. 500 students participated in the study. 480 (96%) were aware of the causative agent of cervical cancer. 346(69.4%) participants were aware regarding the availability of vaccine against cervical cancer. 281(56.2%) of participants were aware that HPV Vaccine is available in India. Overall awareness regarding target population for HPV Vaccination was 138(27.6%). 319 (63.8%) participants knew by which route HPV Vaccine is administered and 187(37.4%) knew when is the vaccine most effective. Unfortunately only 30 (6%) participants were vaccinated. Most common source of information for our study population was electronic media 269(53.4%) such as internet. 398 (79.6%) participants thought most important problem is inadequate information. Only 176 (35.8%) participants thought HPV vaccine is needed for men also and 377(75.4%) participants believed that it is necessary to screen the vaccinated person also. Overall only 67.8% participants showed their acceptance for HPV vaccine. Majority of the participants were lacking knowledge about HPV vaccine in all aspects. Participants have reluctant attitude before onset of this study for this important topic & rarely do they practice it.
Expression levels and prognostic values of annexins in liver cancer

Annexins are a superfamily of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins that are implicated in a wide range of biological processes. The annexin superfamily comprises 13 members in humans (ANXAs), the majority of which are frequently dysregulated in cancer. However, the expression patterns and prognostic values of ANXAs in liver cancer are currently largely unknown. The present study aimed to analyze the expression levels of ANXAs and survival data in patients with liver cancer from the Oncomine, GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier plotter and cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics databases. The results demonstrated that ANXA1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 were upregulated, whereas ANXA10 was downregulated in liver cancer compared with normal liver tissues. The expression of ANXA10 was associated with pathological stage. High expression levels of ANXA2 and A5 were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) rate whereas ANXA7 and A10 were associated with increased OS. The prognostic values of ANXAs in liver cancer were determined based on sex and clinical stage, which revealed that ANXA2, A5, A7 and A10 were associated with OS in male, but not in female patients. In addition, the potential biological functions of ANXAs were identified by Gene Ontology functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes pathway analysis; the results demonstrated that ANXAs may serve a role in liver cancer through the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that ANXA1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A10 may be potential therapeutic targets for liver cancer treatment, and that ANXA2, A5, A7 and A10 may be potential prognostic biomarkers of liver cancer.
“The meal is an activity involving at least two people”—Experiences of meals by older persons in need of elderly care

A shift of focus on older persons’ nutrition has occurred, from focusing on nutrition status to focusing on the whole meal. There is lack of studies on how older persons experience meals. Knowledge is needed to enhance a meal with dignity and pleasure, but also to prevent deterioration in nutrition. The aim was to describe meals from the perspective of older persons in need of elderly care.
SEROFRECQUANCY OF HUMAN IMMUNO DEFICIENCY VIRUS AMONG KNOWN HEPATITIS BVIRUS INFECTED PATIENTS ATTENDING TALODIHOSPITAL, SOUTHKORDOFANSTATE, SUDAN

Background: Co infection with human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) is common; worldwide, an estimated 10% of HIV-infected persons have chronic hepatitis B; because The incidence of traditional acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Related opportunistic infections has decreased with successful anti-HIV therapy, liver disease has emerged as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals. This study aimed to detect serofrecquancy of Human Immuno Deficiency virus among known hepatitis B virus infected patients who attending Talodi hospital, South kordofan State, Sudan. Methods: This was descriptive cross sectional study included HBV infected patients aged between (11-54) years old with mean 30.4 years old conducted in Talodi hospital, South Kordofan, State, Sudan , During the period from November 2014 to January 2015 , 90 serum samples were tested by semi quantitative enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of anti HIV1, 2, 0 antibodies, and the relations between seropositivity and other factors, eg: age , gender, positive family history of blood transfusion, duration of having hepatitis B infection, surgery, blood transfusion, and cupping, were detected. Generated data were analyzed by using SPSS program. Resuit : Out of the total 90 patients who were HBsAg positive, attending Talodi hospital, South Kordofan, State, Sudan, were included in this study, 63(70%) were males, 27(30%)were females, out of them 29(32.2%), were positive for HIV. From them 21(23.3%) were males and 8(8.9%) were females. the seropositivity of HIV had associated with risk factors of gender, positive family history, cupping, surgery, and dental surgery. This study shown statistically in significant relationship between seropositivity of HIV and the above mentioned risk factors (p>0.05). Conclusion : the seropositivity of HIV among HBsAg is high in Talodi. Further confirmation and mentoring with large scale specimen is recommended. Keywords: Serofrequency Anti-HIV, Talodi Hospital, South Kordofan State, ELISA
The Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Blood Pressure of Postmenopausal Women in Zaria, Northern Nigeria

Changes in sex hormone during the menopausal transition are thought to have an important impact on weight gain. Obesity is known to be a determinant of health and disease; especially cardiovascular diseases. We studied the waist circumference, body mass index and its correlation with the blood pressure of a sample of menopausal women in Zaria. The height (m), weight (kg), waist circumference (cm) and blood pressure (mmHg) of the women was assessed using standard methods, while the body mass index (BMI) in kg/m 2 was calculated. 165 subjects participated in the study, 77 were premenopausal women while 88 were postmenopausal women with mean ages 25.51±0.60 and 53.59±0.65 years, respectively. The subjects were selected based on some (ADD inclusion) exclusion criteria. Postmenopausal women were more likely to be overweight (mean BMI 25.96±0.53 kg/m 2 ) compared with their premenopausal counterparts (23.13±0.57 kg/m 2 ); p<0.001. The menopausal women also had a higher waist circumference (93.04±1.60 cm) as compared with the premenopausal women (78.87±1.30 cm); p<0.001. Only 73.86% of the postmenopausal women had a BMI$25 kg/m 2 whereas the prevalence of central obesity was 79%. However, there was a significant positive correlation observed between waist circumference and the body mass index (p<0.05). These findings suggest that obesity is prevalent among the menopausal women while the waist circumference was found to be a better measure in assessing obesity and thus cardiovascular risk among menopausal women in Zaria. We recommend the establishment of menopause clinics for early identification of women at risk and hence commencement of intervention.
Oral Porphyromonas Gingivalis Infection Increases Arthritis Severity and Progression.

Introduction: To determine the effect of chronic periodontal disease on immune activation during collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Materials and methods: Mice chronically infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in the oral cavity were induced for arthritis with either complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) or incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA). Mice were evaluated at 0, 30, 44, and 73 days post-gavage initiation. Periodontal disease establishment was evaluated by PCR of the oral microflora, alveolar bone loss by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and mRNA expression of Th cell responses in the gingival tissue and submandibular lymph nodes by qRTPCR. Arthritis immune activation was evaluated by collagen-II antibody responses by ELISA, protein expression of Th cell responses of serum and collagen II-reactivated splenocytes by protein array. Spleen, inguinal lymph nodes, and paws were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Arthritis development was
Rostral Middle Frontal Volumetric Differences in Bipolar Offspring versus Community Controls Offspring

Abstract. Neuroanatomical findings in the anterior limbic network in bipolar disorder (BD) adults have not been replicated in other populations such as bipolar offspring (BO). The aim of this study was to compare some brain areas volumes between BO with and without a lifetime affective disorder (AD) to a group of community control offspring (CCO). Methods: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was carried out, with multiple comparison groups. Seven subjects (11-17 years old) from the BO with AD group were compared to seven subjects from the BO without AD group and seven subjects from the CCO group (match by age, gender and Tanner stage). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed with a Philips 3 Teslas device and volumetric segmentation was performed with the Freesurfer image analysis suite. Results: A larger size was found in the right middle frontal rostral region in the BO with AD group compared to the other two groups (p = 0.041). A higher volume was also found in BO with AD group in the left pars opercularis (Cohen d = 0.63) and in the right cingulate isthmus (d = 0.53) when compared with BO without AD group, and in the right hippocampus (d = 0.53) when compared to CCO group. A smaller volume was found in the BO without AD group versus CCO group in the left anterior caudate (d = 0.6). The BO groups (with and without AD) compared to CCO have a higher volume in the right frontal pole (d = 0.52). These volumetric differences can be attributed to the condition of BO with AD.
Biometric parameters of fruits and seeds of Sesbania virgata (cav.) Pers

Studies of fruit and seed biometrics are an important tool for the characterization of seed vigor and viability. In addition, it also contributes to the knowledge of the reproductive process, provides subsidy for seedling production and helps in understanding the process of natural regeneration. Thus, this work was developed with the objective of evaluating the biometry of fruits and seeds of Sesbania virgata collected in the city of Vitoria da Conquista - BA. The study was conducted at the State University of Southwest of Bahia. One hundred mature fruits were collected from ten matrix trees of Sesbania virgata , randomly, to perform the biometry. The evaluated characteristics were: length, width and thickness measured in the median line of fruits and seeds with the aid of a digital caliper. The data were submitted to descriptive analysis, obtaining the respective means, median, fashion and standard deviation. There were changes in the morphological characteristics of the fruits and the seeds of Sesbania virgata collected in the city of Vitoria da Conquista-BA, being important to carry out new studies with the species.
IL-7 Responses In Th17 Cells Are Dysregulated During HIV Infection

ii Acknowledgements.iii List of Abbreviations.vii List of Figures.viii List of Tables.ix Chapter 1: Introduction.1 1.1 The innate and adaptive immune system.1 1.2 CD4+ T cells: development and functions.2 1.3 The roles of Th17 cells.4 1.4 Th17 cell development and the intestinal microenvironment.5 1.5 Th17 cell phenotype and plasticity.6 1.6 Consequences of HIV infection.9 1.7 Non-AIDS complications and implications of Th17 cells.10 1.8 Mechanisms underlying Th17 cell apoptosis during HIV infection.11 1.9 IL-7 biology and homeostatic responses.12 1.1. 0 HIV infection and IL-7 responses.13 1.1.1 Hypothesis.15 1.1.2 Rationale.15 1.1.3 Statement of objectives.16 Chapter 2: Materials and Methods.17 2.1 Study participants.17 2.2 PBMC isolation and cell culture.17 2.3 CD4+ T cell isolation.17 V 2.4 Th17 cell enrichment.18 2.5 Measuring expression of surface markers.20 2.6 Gating strategies.20 2.7 Measuring expression of intracellular IL-17A.21 2.8 Measuring phosphorylation of STAT5.22 2.9 Measuring expression of Bcl-2.23 2.1. 0 Measuring Th17 cell proliferation.23 2.1.1 Data and statistical analysis.24 Chapter 3: Results.25 3.1 Characterizing the phenotype of Th17 cells.25 3.2 Th17 cells express CD127.29 3.3 Th17 cells are responsive to IL-7.35 3.4 Th17 cell frequencies are reduced in PBMCs but maintained in total CD4+ lymphocytes HIV-infected, HAART-treated subjects.44 3.5 Sorted cells are primarily representative of Th17 cells in both HIV-infected, HAART-treated individuals and uninfected individuals.49 3.6 CD127 is not downregulated on Th17 cells from HIV-infected, HAARTtreated subjects.53 3.7 Th17 cells from HIV-infected, HAART-treated subjects exhibit altered responses to IL-7.56 3.8 Conclusions.65 Chapter 4: Discussion.66 4.1 Limitations of defining and purifying Th17 cells.66 4.2 Sorting Th17 cells by magnetic separation.66 VI 4.3 IL-17A expression in Th17 cells.68 4.4 Expression of Th17-associated surface markers.69 4.5 Characterization of IL-7 responses in Th17 cells from healthy individuals.70 4.6 Characterization of IL-7 responses in Th17 cells from HIV-infected, HAART-treated subjects.72 4.7 Potential causes of impaired Th17 cell proliferation.75 4.8 Overview.76 References.78 Appendices.96 Supplementary figures.96 Curriculum vitae.100
Treatment of Esophagogastric Anastomotic Leak and Bronchomediastinal Esophageal Fistula with a Deltopectoral Flap and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: A Case Report

Esophagogastric anastomotic leaks with inflammatory involvement of the trachea-bronchial tree is one of the most difficult complication after esophagectomy. We report a case of anastomotic leak with a huge fistula connecting the esophagus, posterior mediastinum, and left main bronchus. The condition was successfully treated with a deltopectoral flap, T-tube drainage, and hy-perbaric oxygen therapy. Based on our preliminary experience, we believed that HBO therapy could be considered to be included in the treatment of tracheo-esophageal fistula, especially when the lesion is large or complicated and difficult to treat completely with conventional interventions.
A 10-Year Retrospective Study on the Success or Failure Factors of Implanted Teeth Treated by Some Dental Clinic

Objective: This study evaluated the 10-year implant survival rate based on patient characteristic factors and implant-related factors among the various factors associated with implant survival and observed. Methods: From December 1, 2007 to December 30, 2017, 200 patients who underwent implant surgery in some dental clinic (Busan, Korea) were studied. Results: Of 390 implants to 200 people, 14 failed, indicating an implant survival rate of 96.4% and a cumulative implant survival rate of 90.5%. In the implant characteristic factor, in relation to the survival rate according to the jaw, dentition, the upper anterior and upper posterior (p=0.03) and the upper anterior and lower posterior (p=0.001) were verified as influencing factors (p ＜ 0.05). Another element that influences the implant survival rate was a diameter of <3.75 mm and of 3.7-4.5 mm (p<0.05). Survival data demonstrated that 57.14% of implants failed in 11 patients within 1 year of the implantation. Finally, the study showed the levels of correlation between the patient characteristic factors and implant characteristic factors; the factors that showed the highest correlation were the duration of survival and implant failure, followed by the correlation between the implant sites and duration of survival and that between the implant sites and implant failure (p ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Among the various factors involved in the survival of implants, sex and implant survival periods, jaw, dentition and implant diameters have been verified as factors affecting survival rates.
Clinical feasibility of optical coherence elastography for tumour margin assessment in breast-conserving surgery

Incomplete excision of malignant tissue is a major issue in breast-conserving surgery, with typically 20 30% of cases requiring a second surgical procedure arising from postoperative detection of an involved margin. We report advances in the development of a new intraoperative tool, OCME, for the assessment of tumor margins on the micro-scale. We demonstrate an important step by conducting whole specimen imaging in intraoperative time frames with a wide-field scanning system acquiring mosaicked elastograms with overall dimensions of ~50 × 50 mm, large enough to image an entire face of most lumpectomy9 specimens. This capability is enabled by a wide-aperture annular actuator with an internal diameter of 65 mm. We demonstrate feasibility by presenting elastograms recorded from freshly excised human breast tissue, including from a mastectomy, lumpectomies and a cavity shaving. ©2016 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (110.4500) Optical coherence tomography; (170.0170) Medical optics and biotechnology.
FECAL CALPROTECTIN AND CRP AS BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN PREDICTING INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Background & Aims: The routinely used clinical activity indices alongside systemic markers of inflammation as white blood count (WBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), have low sensitivity and specificity in the discrimination between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). These limitations emphasize the need for a sensitive and specific non-invasive marker of bowel inflammation. The aim of the study was to evaluate fecal calprotectin (FC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as biochemical markers in predicting IBD activity in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Patients & Methods: The study included 50 patients with UC aged ranged from 12-74 years. All patients were subjected to full colonoscopy. Ileum was visualized. Each of 5 colonic segments was assessed using endoscopic component of the Mayo score. Colonic biopsies were taken from the suspected lesions for histopathological studies. Blood and stool samples were performed for both CRP and calprotectin respectively.Results: Patients with mild activity had mean age 43.2, mean calprotectin 207.46, and mean C-reactive protein was 11.37. While in moderate to severe group, the mean age was 42.5, mean calprotectin 729.85 and mean CRP was 29.38. Fecal calprotectin (FC) cut off 47.5, sensitivity 84.6%, and specificity 54% and C-reactive protein cut off 7, sensitivity 84%, and specificity of 50% in prediction of moderate to severe activity of IBD.Conclusions: Serial measurements of FC and CRP could be recommended for patients with UC to assess disease activity, induction and maintenance of remission, response to treatment, and recurrence of activity. Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); Fecal calprotect in (FC); C-reactive protein (CRP); Activity.
Hubungan Kadar Zinc dan Pola Asuh Ibu dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia 2 – 5 Tahun di Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Pasaman

Stunting is a short body condition based on height according to age (TB / U) whose standard deviation is less than -2 and -3 from the z-score calculation of the WHO child growth standard table. Stunting is an irreversible growth disorder due to inadequate nutrition and recurring infections during the first 1000 days of life. Indicators of chronic malnutrition that occur in a long time so that stunting in children under five, especially at the age of 2-5 years stunting will be clearly visible and is one indicator of chronic nutritional status that can provide an overall picture of the disorder in the past. The causes of stunting are lack of nutrition, infectious diseases, poor parenting, poor environmental sanitation and low health services. Zinc deficiency can cause impaired growth and decreased immunity. One of the biomarkers used is the analysis of hair zinc levels because it can describe chronic zinc levels in the past so it is appropriate to measure zinc levels in the stunting condition which is a long-standing condition of malnutrition. The croos sectional research design was carried out in the Panti District of Pasaman Regency and the West Sumatra Regional Health Laboratory in June to July 2019. The study sample were mothers and children aged 2-5 years as many as 60 people divided into two groups which are stunting and normal children, taken by proportional stratified simple random sampling. Zinc levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) while parenting used questionnaires. Statistical test using Mann Whitney test and Chi Square. The results showed the mean zinc levels in stunting children 154.70 (9-387) µg / g and zinc levels in normal children 241.00 (60-933) µg / g with p = 0.018. parental feeding (p = 0.009), hygiene parenting (p = 0.034). health care parenting (p = 0.017), psychosocial stimulation parenting care (0,000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant association between zinc levels and parenting with the incidence of stunting.
Estrogen Receptors, Progesterone Receptors and their Correlation with respect to HER-2/neu Status, Histological Grade, Size of Lesion, Lymph node Metastasis, Lymphovascular Involvement and Age in Breast Cancer patients in a hospital in north India

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer overall (1.4 million cases, 10.9%) and ranks 5 th as cause of death (458,000. 6.1%). The present study was aimed to find the pattern of expression of ER, PR, HER-2/neu and to correlate ER, PR status with respect to various clinicopathlogical factors like HER-2/neu over expression, histological grade, tumor size, lymphnode metastasis, lymphovascular invasion and age of the patient. Materials and Methods : Data from 139 patients was collected and correlation of ER, PR status with various clinicopathological factors was analysed. Results : Mean age at diagnosis was 48.5 years, 56.8% cases being ? 50years of age. Tumor size ranged from 1 to 12 cm. Most lesions (57.5%) were>2 to 5 cm in size. The predominant morphology was Infiltrating Duct carcinoma-NOS (90.6%). Majority of cases presented as grade II(46.7%) lesions and lymph node involvement was seen in 66.9%. 49.6% cases were ER+, 49.6% cases were PR+, and HER-2/neu was positive (3+) in 15.8% cases. Older patients were mostly ER+PR+. Low grade tumors were mostly ER+PR+ as compared to high grade tumors. HER-2/neu status revealed an inverse association with hormone receptor positivity. No correlation was found between hormone receptor positivity and lymph node metastasis. Lymphovascular involvement was noted more in hormone negative ER-PR- tumors. Conclusion : ER and PR expression in our patients was found to be comparable to the studies done in Indian subcontinent, but lower than studies done in west, but triple negative breast cancer prevalence was relatively higher in our study (34.5%). Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 7(3) 2016 28-34