Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Spread of COVID-19 following Several Interventions spanning 54 days Reflects a Restricted Movement of SARS-CoV-2 in the Population: A Case for Development of Herd Immunity?

COVID-19 is fast spreading around the globe in a highly contagious manner. In this article we have described the effect of prolonged intervention of 54 days on the growth rate of COVID-19 cases. The results showed that after sporadic volatility in percent of COVID-19 cases, the graph showed stability at ≤ 4.6% . The reduced volatility and sustained flattened curve of COVID-19 cases, along with increase in doubling time of rate of COVID-19 cases to 13 days as reported earlier (2), suggested that spread of COVID-19 was gradually slowing down in the population. Concomitant with this, number of discharged/recovered patients from COVID-19 also increased in a steady manner among population. A positive correlation between percent of COVID-19 cases & percent of recovery of patients from COVID-19 existed (R 2 = 0.246). Though the correlation between the two variables is weak, increased recovery of patients from COVID-19 with the controlled spread of COVID-19 would plausibly aid in the development of protective immunity in the population.
Formulas and Theorems for the Special Functions of Mathematical Physics

It must be difficult to write a good collection of formulas and theorems; it surely is difficult to review one. This book is not meant for reading: It quotes theorem upon theorem without proof and hardly can hold the interest of any reader. It is not meant to be used that way. Rather, I believe, it is meant to remind one of a formula with which one is already vaguely familiar and give its exact form, including the constants which one is likely to forget.
Statistical Sampling Distribution Based Predictive Neural Classifier for Disease Diagnosis

: Heart and stroke disease diagnosis is an important research in healthcare industry at an earlier stage. The heart disease and stroke prediction is enhancing in research, it becomes important to classify the features in an effective means to the readers. The combination of rough set theory with the fuzzy set is used to predict the heart disease. However, the analysis to find relevant attributes for prediction of heart disease remained unsolved. In order to improve the heart and stroke disease diagnosis, an efficient Chi Squared based Predictive Neural Classifier (CS-PNC) technique for Heart and Stroke Disease Diagnosis is developed. The main aim of the work is to construct a neural classifier model for effective diagnosis of stroke disease and heart disease by learning from the different attributes that has been extracted from the medical dataset. The CS-PNC technique consists of two stages for diagnosing the diseases at an earlier stage. Initially, the preprocessing is done using chi squared test. A chi-squared test is the statistical sampling distribution of the test when the null hypothesis is true. From that, the relevant features are extracted and reduced the irrelevant features (i.e. attributes) to perform the classification for effective disease diagnosis. The classification is performed using Predictive neural network classifier with the extracted relevant features. This helps to improve the classification accuracy for efficient disease diagnosis. Experimental results shows that the proposed CS-PNC technique obtains the better performance in terms of classification accuracy, classification time, error rate and sensitivity using heart disease dataset and stroke disease database compared with two state-of-the-art works.
and Transfusion Reactions in Patients with Cancer

reactions were reported. The incidence of overall reaction was 0.3% of all transfused units, which is significantly lower than other studies. Is a crossmatch using the indirect antiglobulin test a negative screen? Safety were the most frequently noted, constituting 51.3% and 36.7%, respectively, of total reactions. There were only 17 hemolytic reactions (four immediate and 13 delayed-type). The incidence of delayed hemolytic reactions in cancer patients is significantly lower than that reported for patients in non-oncology hospital settings. This could result from the inability of cancer patients to produce alloantibodies against blood group antigens as fre quently and efficiently as can those with non-neoplastic condi tions. (Key 1987; 87: 253-257
Identi¢cation of novel metronidazole-inducible genes in Mycobacteriumsmegmatis using a customized ampli¢cation library

The incidence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is rising. Bacterial resistance may be a natural defense of organisms, or it may result from spontaneous mutations or the acquisition of exogenous resistance genes. We grew spontaneous metronidazole-resistant Mycobacterium smegmatis mutants on solid medium cultures and employed differential expression using a customized ampliﬁcation library to analyze the global gene proﬁles of metronidazole-resistant mutants under hypoxic conditions. In total, 66 genes involved in metronidazole resistance were identiﬁed and functionally characterized using the gene role category of M. smegmatis . Overall, genes associated with cell wall synthesis, such as methyltransferase and glycosyltransferase, and genes encoding drug transporters were highly expressed. The genes may be involved in the natural drug
Faces in the mind Featural and configural face representations in perception and imagery

The following chapter reviews the literature in the field of face processing. First, different hypotheses of face processing are discussed: the holistic hypothesis, schema hypothesis and configural-featural hypothesis. In a further paragraph literature on the face inversion effect is reviewed. Then, higher cognitive functions of face processing are addressed, focussing specifically on mental imagery and mental rotation of faces. Finally, evidence from brain-imaging studies on face perception is discussed.
Left ventricular ejection time, not heart rate, is an independent 1 correlate of aortic pulse wave velocity 2

manuscript manuscript intellectual manuscript manuscript manuscript manuscript manuscript ABSTRACT 31 Several studies showed a positive association between heart rate and pulse wave velocity, a 32 sensitive marker of arterial stiffness. However, no study involving a large population has 33 specifically addressed the dependence of pulse wave velocity on different components of cardiac 34 cycle. Aim of this study was to explore the link of pulse wave velocity with heart period (reciprocal 35 of heart rate) and the temporal components of cardiac cycle such as left ventricular ejection time 36 and diastolic time, in subjects of different age. 37 Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was assessed in 3020 untreated subjects (1107 males). Heart 38 period, left ventricular ejection time, diastolic time and early-systolic dP/dt were determined by 39 carotid pulse wave analysis with high-fidelity applanation tonometry. An inverse association was 40 found between pulse wave velocity and left ventricular ejection time at all ages (<25 yrs: r 2 =0.043; 41 25-44 yrs: r 2 =0.103; 45-64 yrs: r 2 =0.079; 65-84 yrs: r 2 =0.044; ≥ 85 yrs: r 2 =0.022, p<0.0001 for all). 42 A significant (p<0.0001) negative but always weaker correlation between pulse wave velocity and 43 heart period was also found, with the exception of youngest subjects (p=0.20). A significant 44 positive correlation was also found between pulse wave velocity and dP/dt (p<0.0001). At multiple 45 stepwise regression analysis, left ventricular ejection time and dP/dt remained the only determinant 46 of pulse wave velocity at all ages, while the contribution of heart period became no longer 47 significant. Our data demonstrate that pulse wave velocity is more closely related to left ventricular 48 systolic function than to heart period. This may have methodological and pathophysiological 49 implications.
A SPATIAL-QUANTILE APPROACH.

The majority of studies on environmental justice show that groups with lower socio-economic status are more likely to face higher levels of air pollution. Most of these studies have assumed simple, linear associations between pollution and deprived groups. However, empirical evidence suggests that health impacts are greater at high-pollution concentrations. In this paper, we investigate the associations of extreme levels of particulate matter up to 10 micrometres in size (PM 10 ) and ozone with deprived conditions, children and elderly people at sub-municipal level in Mexico City, using Áreas Geoestadisticas Básicas (AGEBs) as the unit of analysis. We used spatial quantile regression to analyse the association for each quantile of the range of pollution values, while also addressing spatial autocorrelation issues. Across AGEBs, higher levels of PM 10 are signiicantly positively associated with deprived economic conditions and elderly people. These results demonstrate clear variations in the associations between PM 10 and vulnerable groups across the ranges of these pollutants. Ozone levels are positively associated with higher numbers of children. The indings relect diferences in the source and degradation of these pollutants and provide important evidence for decision-makers addressing air pollution inequalities and injustice in Mexico City and other cities.
Locally Bounded Linear Topological Spaces

D.H. Hyersm has introdueed the notion of absolute value into loeally bounded linear topologieal spaees, and proved that the absolute value is upper semi-eontinuous, while J.v. Wehausenn showed that a linear topological spaee is metrizable as an F-metric if and only if it satisfies the first eountability axiom. Since every loeally bounded linear topological space satisfies the first countability axiom, it is metrizable as an F-metric. But all F-metric spaces are not neeessarily locally bounded. Henee the problem arises: what metrie spaces are equivalent to loeally bounded linear topologieal spaces ? In this paper we introduce a lower or upper semi-continuous absolute value into Ioeally bounded linear opologieal space and give a condition that the absolute value is continuous. We define F%ormed spaces and prove that they are equivalent to loeally bounded linear topological spaces.
Categorization Arabic Text Using SVM and KNN Algorithms

Content arrangement is a strategy for marking regular dialect writings with one or a few classifications from a predefined set. Two calculations, to be specific, bolster vector machine (SVM) and k-closest neighbor (KNN), are utilized to examine Arabic content order (TC). Distinctive Arabic datasets are utilized to analyze the two calculations. This examination has been intended to order extraordinary Arabic content. Result demonstrates that TC by means of the SVM calculation beats TC by means of KNN regarding all measures
Perceiving cancer-risks and heredity-likelihood in genetic-counseling: the analysis of the counselees’ recollections and interpretations of BRCA1/2-test results

Background Previous studies on the counselees’ perception of DNA-test results did not clarify whether counselees were asked about their recollections or interpretations, and only focused on patients’ own risks and not on the likelihood that cancer is heritable in the family. We tested differences and correlations of four perception aspects: recollections and interpretations of both cancer-risks and heredity-likelihood. In a retrospective study, women tested for BRCA1/2 on average 5 years ago completed questionnaires about their perception. Participants had received an unclassified-variant (n=76), uninformative (n=76) or pathogenic-mutation (n=51) result in BRCA1/2. Analyses included t-tests, correlations and Structural-Equation-Modelling.
The LSND and MiniBooNE Oscillation Searches at High Δm2

This article reviews the experimental design, analysis, and results of the LSND and MiniBooNE experiments. Their primary goal was to effect sensitive searches for neutrino oscillations in the mass region with Δm2≈1 eV2. The two experiments are complementary, so comparing their results can yield additional information with respect to models with sterile neutrinos. Both experiments obtained evidence for oscillations, and MiniBooNE also observed a νμ→νe excess. We also consider the results within the global context of sterile neutrino oscillation models. The final data sets require a more extended model than the simple single–sterile neutrino model imagined at the time that LSND drew to a close and MiniBooNE began. There are apparent incompatibilities between data sets in models with two sterile neutrinos that may be explained with variations within the systematic error. Overall, models with two (or three) sterile neutrinos seem to succeed in fitting the global data, and they make interesting predictions for.
BFKL resummation e(cid:11)ects in !

We calculate the leading order BFKL amplitude for the exclusive di(cid:11)ractive process (cid:13) (cid:3) L ( Q 21 ) (cid:13) (cid:3) L ( Q 22 ) ! (cid:26) 0 L (cid:26) 0 L in the forward direction, which can be studied in future high energy e + e (cid:0) linear colliders. The resummation e(cid:11)ects are very large compared to the (cid:12)xed-order calculation. We also estimate the next-to-leading logarithmic corrections to the amplitude by using a speci(cid:12)c resummation of higher order e(cid:11)ects and (cid:12)nd a substantial growth with energy, but smaller than in the leading logarithmic approximation.
Population with a Stable Phenotype of a Discrete T Regulatory Type 1 Cell CD55 Costimulation Induces Differentiation

Unlike other helper T cells, the costimulatory ligands responsible for Tregulatory type 1 (Tr1) cell differentiation remain undeﬁned. Understanding the molecular interactions driving peripheral Tr1 differentiation is important because Tr1s potently regulate immune responses by IL-10 production. In this study, we show that costimulation of human naive CD4 + cells through CD97/CD55 interaction drives Tr1 activation, expansion, and function. T cell activation and expansion was equipotent with CD55 or CD28 costimulation; however, CD55 costimulation resulted in two IL-10–secreting populations. Most IL-10 was secreted by the minor Tr1 population (IL-10 high IFN- g 2 IL-4 - , <5% cells) that expresses Tr1 markers CD49b, LAG-3, and CD226. This Tr1 phenotype was not restimulated by CD28. However, on CD55 restimulation, Tr1s proliferated and maintained their differentiated IL-10 high phenotype. The Tr1s signiﬁcantly suppressed effector T cell function in an IL-10–dependent manner. The remaining (>95%) cells adopted a Th1-like IFN- g + phenotype. However, in contrast to CD28-derived Th1s, CD55-derived Th1s demonstrated increased plasticity with the ability to coexpress IL-10 when restimulated through CD55 or CD28. These data identify CD55 as a novel costimulator of human Tr1s and support a role for alternative costimulatory pathways in determining the fate of the growing number of T helper populations. This study demonstrates that CD55 acts as a potent costimulator and activator of human naive CD4 + cells, resulting in the differentiation of a discrete Tr1 population that inhibits T cell function in an IL-10–dependent manner and maintains the Tr1 phenotype upon restimulation. The
Localized Components Analysis of Shape Variation

Localized Components Analysis (LoCA) is a new method for describing surface shape variation in an ensemble of objects using a linear subspace of spatially-localized shape components. In contrast to earlier methods, LoCA optimizes explicitly for localized components and allows a ﬂexible trade-off between localized and concise representations, and the formulation of locality is ﬂexible enough to incorporate properties such as symmetry. We demonstrate the application of LoCA to the detection of shape differences associated with sex, disease state, and species
On the superselection sectors of fermions

We classify elementary particles according to their behaviour under the action of the full inhomogeneous Lorentz group. For fundamental fermions, this approach leads us to delineate fermions into eight basic families or `types', corresponding to the eight simply connected double covering groups of the inhomogeneous Lorentz group (the `pin' groups). Given this classification, it is natural to ask whether or not fermion type determines a superselection rule. It is also important to determine what observable effects fermion type might have; for example, can the type of a given fermion be determined by laboratory experiments? We address these questions by arguing that if multiple fermion types really did occur in nature, then it would be mathematically equivalent and also much simpler to think of the different types as being different states of a {\it single} particle, which would be a particle which lived in the direct sum of Hilbert spaces associated with the different particle types. In the language of group theory, these are pinor supermultiplets. We discuss the possible experimental ramifications of this proposal. In particular, following work of J. Giesen, we show that the symmetries of the electric dipole moment of a particle would be definitely affected by this proposal. In fact, we show that it would be possible to use the electric dipole moment of a particle to determine the type. We also present an argument that M-theory may provide the mechanism which selects a {\it unique} pin bundle.
Inﬂuence of Water on the Oxidation of NO on Pd / TiO 2 Photocatalysts

: Two series of new photocatalysts were synthesized based on modiﬁcation with Pd of the commercial P25 photocatalyst (EVONIK ® ). Two techniques were employed to incorporate Pd nanoparticles on the P25 surface: photodeposition (series Pd-P) and impregnation (series Pd-I). Both series were characterized in depth using a variety of instrumental techniques: BET, DRS, XRD, XPS, TEM, FTIR and FESEM. The modiﬁed series exhibited a signiﬁcant change in pore size distribution, but no di ﬀ erences compared to the original P25 with respect to crystalline phase ratio or particle size were observed. The Pd 0 oxidation state was predominant in the Pd-P series, while the presence of the Pd 2 + oxidation state was additionally observed in the Pd-I series. The photoactivity tests were performed in a continuous photoreactor with the photocatalysts deposited, by dip-coating, on borosilicate glass plates. A total of 500 ppb of NO was used as input ﬂow at a volumetric ﬂow rate of 1.2 L · min − 1 , and di ﬀ erent relative humidities from 0 to 65% were tested. The results obtained show that under UV-vis or Vis radiation, the presence of Pd nanoparticles favors NO removal independently of the Pd incorporation method employed and independently of the tested relative humidity conditions. This improvement seems to be related to the di ﬀ erent interaction of the water with the surface of the photocatalysts in the presence or absence of Pd. It was found in the catalyst without Pd that disproportionation of NO 2 is favored through its reaction with water, with faster surface saturation. In contrast, in the catalysts with Pd, disproportionation took place through nitro-chelates and adsorbed NO 2 formed from the photocatalytic oxidation of the NO. This di ﬀ erent mechanism explains the greater e ﬃ ciency in NO x removal in the catalysts with Pd. Comparing the two series of catalysts with Pd, Pd-P and Pd-I, greater activity of the Pd-P series was observed under both UV-vis and Vis radiation. It was shown that the Pd 0 oxidation state is responsible for this greater activity as the Pd-I series improves its activity in successive cycles due to a reduction in Pd 2 + species during the photoactivity tests.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REAMED AND UNREAMED INTRAMEDULLARY INTERLOCKING NAILING IN COMPOUND FRACTURES OF SHAFT OF TIBIA

Comparative study of Reamed and Unreamed Intramedullary Interlocking Nailing in Compound Fractures of Shaft Tibia”. ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Whether to ream the compound tibia fractures witle intramedullary interlocking nailing or not has been an eternal debate. So we have conducted a study to compare the functional outcomes, rate of infection and time needed for union in reamed and unreamed interlocking nailing on open tibia fractures. METHODOLOGY: This study was carried out as a prospective, comparative study. 100 patients with open fractures of tibial shaft admitted in our hospital between June 2011 and January 2013 were enrolled in the study. Patients outside the age group of 20-50years of age, severely ommuniated fractures and fractures classified under Gustilo Anderson type IIIb and IIIc were excluded. 100 fractures were divided into two groups (reamed nailing and unreamed nailing) n=50 in each with simple randomization technique. Evaluation in the form of radiological union was done with serial x-rays and functional grading according to Klemm & Borner’s criteria for tibial shaft fractures was done at the end of 6 months. RESULTS: Average fracture healing time was 16-20 weeks in both in undreamed nailing radiologically. Also, differences in rates of clinical union, clinical outcome, time for weight bearing and complication in both groups were not significant. Post-operative infection was found in 5 cases in reamed group and 3 cases in unreamed group. CONCLUSION: There are no clear indications or contraindications or advantage/disadvantage to favour either reamed or unreamed nailing over each other. Fracture union, functional outcome and rate of complications are similar in both groups.
A Novel Alcohol-Sensitive Position in the NMDA Receptor GluN2A Subunit M3 Domain Regulates Agonist Affinity and Ion Channel Gating

Abundant evidence supports a role for NMDA receptor inhibition in the behavioral actions of ethanol, but the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We recently found that clusters of five positions in the third and fourth membrane-associated domains (M3 and M4) at the intersubunit interfaces form putative sites of alcohol action. In the present study, we found that one of these positions, GluN2A(F636), can strongly regulate ethanol sensitivity, glutamate potency, and apparent desensitization: ethanol IC 50 values, peak (I p ) and steady-state (I ss ) glutamate EC 50 values, and steady-state to peak current ratio (I ss :I p ) values differed significantly among the mutants tested. Changes in glutamate affinity among the various mutants were not attributable to agonist trapping due to desensitization, as glutamate peak EC 50 values were correlated with values of both steady-state EC 50 and I ss :I p . determined in selected mutants could be altered up to four-fold, but did not account for changes in ethanol sensitivity. Ethanol sensitivity was significantly correlated with glutamate EC 50 and I ss /I p values, but the changes in ethanol IC 50 among mutants at this position do not appear to be secondary to changes in ion channel kinetics. Substitution of the isomeric amino acids leucine and isoleucine had markedly different effects on ethanol sensitivity, agonist potency, and desensitization, which is consistent with a stringent structural requirement for ion channel modulation by the side chain at this position. Our results indicate that GluN2A(F636) plays an important role in both channel function and ethanol inhibition in NMDA receptors.