Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DOUBLING FARMERS’ INCOME THROUGH CROP DIVERSIFICATION AND INTENSIFICATION UNDER FARMERS FIRST PROGRAMME

Field experiments were conducted on 40 farmers’ fields at three villages of Bagasara taluka of Amreli district during 2017-18 and 2018-19 under the Farmer FIRST Programme “Integrated Resource Management in Agriculture and Allied Fields for Stakeholders”. The technological intervention consisting of cotton + blackgram/sweet corn intercropping + enriched compost was compared with farmers’ practice i.e. sole cotton without organic manure. The results revealed that cotton + black gram/sweet corn intercropping + enriched compost significantly increased seed cotton equivalent yield to the tune of 21.78 and 55.28% over the farmer’s practice during 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively. The technology intervention registered gross income of Rs.125695 and 123943/ha, additional cost of Rs. 10000 and 21250/ha, additional net return of Rs. 12477 and 22129/ha with B:C of 2.25 and 2.04 during 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively. The technology considerably reduced EC and pH of soil as well as significantly increased organic carbon and availability of nutrients in soil as compared to initial status during both the years. Farmers’ feedbacks revealed that the technology is feasible and adoptable to increase yield and income, maintain soil fertility, insurance against vagaries of monsoon and market, efficient use of resources and fodder production for cattle.
Experience of psychoactive substance use in patients with psychiatric disorders

A dual pathology is the coexistence of a psychiatric disorder and an addiction in the same patient. Between 30 and 50% of patients currently admitted to psychiatry in Europe would suffer from a dual pathology. The interaction between two mental illnesses can lead to a different clinical picture of the clinical pictures of each of the pathologies taken separately and may require new therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study was to better understand the decompensation or relapse of a dual pathology. Based on a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach by grounded theory, adult patients hospitalized in psychiatry were asked about their subjective experience of the use of psychoactive substances. The sample consisted of sixteen patients, dependent on at least one psychoactive substance (tobacco excluded) and classified according to their psychiatric pathology: troubles of the schizophrenia spectrum, mood and personality disorders (respectively 7, 5 and 4 patients).
Overview of Production at the Mori Geothermal Field, Japan

Mori geothermal field is located in Hokkaido, northern part of Japan and has a liquid dominated reservoir. This field is characterized by its caldera, Nigorikawa Caldera, of an angular funnel shape. It was formed 12,000 years ago with a series of violent eruptions. Heat sources of the field are related to the volcanic activities. Also, major permeability of the reservoir is related to fractures associated with the formation of the caldera. Geothermal exploration in the caldera began in 1972. A 50 MWe double-flash power generation started in 1982, with 4 production wells and 4 reinjection wells. Stable steam production in this field has not been very easy. This field has experienced many types of troubles since its start of operation, e.g. CaCO3 and CaSO4 scaling in production wells, stevensite scaling in hot water pipelines and reinjection wells, return of reinjected water to producers, down flow of shallow ground water into the reservoir, resulting enthalpy decrease of the produced fluid, and resulting decline of steam production. Some of them have been solved but some of them are still not. Reassessment of the reservoir suggests that sustainable steam production from the reservoir is about 250 t/h. Current output is 20 to 25 MWe with 10 production wells and 10 reinjection wells.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELECTED PERSONAL, SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CROSSBRED CATTLE OWNERS AND THEIR KNOWLEDGE LEVEL ABOUT SCIENTIFIC DAIRY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

A study was conducted to know the relationship between personal, socioeconomic and psychological characteristics of crossbred cattle owners and their knowledge about crossbred cattle management practices. A sample of 120 respondents was selected for the study from Surat district in South Gujarat. It was found that age, education, occupation, dairy farming experience, training exposure, extension contact, organizational participation, annual income from dairy farming, mass media exposure, risk orientation, economic motivation and market orientation showed positive and significant relationship with knowledge at 0.05 level of probability. However, occupation showed negative and significant relation at 0.01 level of probability with their level of knowledge about crossbred cattle management practices.
IMPACT OF TEMPERATURE CHANGE AND DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON ON PHOTOTOXICITY OF PHOTOSENSITIZER ON CYCLOPS IN DOON VALLEY

SUNIL KUMAR, NAVEED CHOWDHARY AND RIFHAT AARA Department of Zoology, D.A. V. (P.G.) College, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India Email id: sunilkumarddn@yahoo.co.in . Manuscript Info Abstract .
Managing Life-threatening Traumatic Hemorrhage: A New Solution for a Changing world Paradigm

Millions of people die from major trauma annually. 30-40% of these deaths are due to exsanguination, with nearly half dying prior to hospital arrival. When properly managed, these deaths are preventable. This paper summarizes data relating to the extent of hemorrhage as a cause of mortality in the traumatic arena. An overview of the pathophysiological steps occurring during massive bleeding and their clinical implication is presented. A variety of treatment options, both historical and current, is then discussed, including vascular occlusion methods and hemostatic dressings, along with their limitations and complications. Finally, Wound Clot, a new hemostatic gauze, is introduced, which not only requires no compression when it is applied, but allows the first responder to rapidly and effectively treat more than one casualty within seconds. Additionally, it is adaptable to a wide array of clinical applications, both traumatic and surgical, including situations where vascular occlusion methods are not practical or are contraindicated.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cancer among Pacific Islanders: A Systematic Review Study

Background: Cancer is known as one of the leading causes of mortality in both developed and developing countries, however, the majority of it is preventable if healthy lifestyles are adopted. Cancer is increasing significantly in Pacific countries but its trend and risk factors are not studied well. This systematic review is aimed to understand the prevalence and determinants of cancer in Pacific countries. Methods: This systematic review study was conducted based on Cochrane library guideline and using databases such as Medline, Cinahl, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Two coders reviewed articles which were located by using keywords such as cancer, Pacific, prevalence and risk factors. Articles included in the search were published between 1st January 2000 to 1st January 2017. Thirty-three studies were found and a data extraction sheet was made. A descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data and frequency of studies was reported using tables and figures. Results: South Pacific countries had the highest number of published articles on cancer (42.2%). The results of the study showed the majority of studies were conducted among patients (66.7%), and most studies were community based studies (70%). Twelve studies (out of 33) focused on the prevalence of cancer, which ranges from 1.3% to 87%. Smoking was reported as the more frequent risk factor (12 studies, 52%) for cancer, followed by higher BMI (7 studies, 30.4%), and alcohol consumption (5 studies, 22%). Conclusion: The results of this study showed cancer as one of the biggest health challenges for Pacific people and giving specific attention to its prevention is highly recommended. Developing different preventive strategies that focus on the factors highlighted in this study can help Pacific countries control this issue.
The PARACAPTM-Longer Electrode Life from a New Geometry, an Innovative Multilayer Coating, and Internal Cooling Fins

The 4th International Seminar on Advances in Resistance Welding November 14-16, 2006 Wels, Austria Use of a patented parabolic-shaped electrode (ParaCapTM), with a patented nano-ceramic, multi-layer coating (TriCoatTM) incorporating internal cooling fins offered longer life and reduced sticking over a comparable, industry-standard, uncoated dome style electrode on zinc coated high strength steels. Electrode tip reconditioning or dressing was performed both on the full face of the electrode as well as only on the side profile of the electrode without touching the weld surface. A factorial design matrix was constructed and carried out to test the design factors of surface coating, electrode geometry, internal cooling fins, and electrode dressing method. Results of the testing in both laboratory and production environments showed the coated ParaCapTM electrode with cooling fins and side dressing application far outlasted the conventional uncoated domed electrode with full dressing. Testing methodology was performed using the American Welding Society (AWS) life testing standards on hot dipped galvanized high strength steel with and without a multi-layer Ni/(TiCP/Ni)/Ni coating on a copper chrome zirconium alloy. The coating itself was characterized by electro-microscopy, energy-dispersive Xray analysis. Welding tests showed that the multi-layer Ni/(TiCP/Ni)/Ni coating acted as a good barrier to decrease alloying between the copper alloy and molten Zn as well as reducing the pitting (or erosion) of the electrode. In addition, the ParaCapTM was found to degrade in a predictable manner, allowing for regular and consistent current stepping. Sticking during the initial phase of the electrode life was reduced and removed any need for electrode conditioning on start-up.
Education Reforms and Adult Skills: Evidence from Estonia

Abstract This paper studies the impact of education reforms in Estonia in the 1990s on adult skills using the OECD PIAAC surveys. Estonia implemented extensive education reforms in the early 1990s throughout Estonian-speaking schools while Russian-speaking schools were exposed to less comprehensive reforms, which were implemented later. A large minority of Estonia’s population at the time was enrolled in Russian-speaking schools providing a unique opportunity to measure the impact of education reforms on literacy, numeracy and problem-solving skills among adults by comparing improvements in PIAAC performance among Estonian and Russian speakers. Difference-in-difference estimation suggests that the reforms led to an adult skill dividend of around 15 to 30 percent of a standard deviation. This translates to a wage (productivity) premium of around 5 to 12 percent.
Former carers: issues from the literature

The aim of this review is to explore existing knowledge about former carers. These are individuals who were previously unpaid carers but for whom caregiving has now ended. Research has focused on the phase of caregiving when carers are actively providing care. Thus, while there is an extensive literature about caregiving, there is limited understanding about the post-caregiving experiences of former carers. Electronic searches of major bibliographic databases found relatively little literature on ‘former’ carers but much on ‘bereaved’ carers who are by virtue of bereavement, also former carers. This review explores existing knowledge on former carers with the intention of increasing understanding about their experiences post-caregiving. It reviews the evidence to determine what impact caregiving has on carers’ lives in the post-caregiving period. Findings suggest that former carers experience high levels of psychological distress and that caregiving has a profound and long lasting impact on their lives.
EMPLOYABILITY AND HIGHER EDUCATION

This paper summarizes the main findings of a research project commissioned by the Portuguese Higher Education Regulation Agency (A3ES). Six years after the general implementation of the Bologna Process in the Portuguese Higher Education system, this research stressed how employability of tertiary education graduates has evolved and how institutions have dealt with it. Three main subjects will be focused: a) the main trends in employability of tertiary education graduates, considering different statistical sources; b) an assessment of how Portuguese higher education institutions deal with the employability of their graduates, through a virtual ethnographic analysis of their websites and interviews with students, professors and board members of a few institutions; and c) a professional associations evaluation regarding the effects of Bologna process on employability, through a questionnaire to boards members.
Sleep quality and the factors affecting the fatigue severity and academic performance of students at AJA University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Evidence shows that the majority of medical students experience some kind of sleep quality disorder, which can affect their academic performance. Increasing exposure of students to environmental and academic stresses may result in the incidence of sleep disorders and fatigue, which can consequently influence their academic efficacy. This study was conducted to determine the factors affecting sleep quality and its correlation with students’ fatigue severity and academic performance at AJA University of Medical Sciences, during 2012-2013. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, analytical study was performed on 658 students studying at all levels at AJA University of Medical Sciences. Having taken informed consent from the participants, they were selected through census sampling. The instruments for data collection comprised of demographic and academic performance questionnaires, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Fatigue Severity Scale, which were completed by the participants during the first semester, 2012-2013. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS-17 software using chi-square test and Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Sleep quality was reported to be poor in 49.2% of students. A total of 19.8% and 67.2% of students suffered from severe and moderate fatigue, respectively. The mean grade point average (GPA) of students was 16.75. The results of chi-square (for qualitative variables) and Pearson correlation coefficient (for quantitative variables) indicated a statistically significant correlation between sleep quality and age, number of units, ideological-security units, entry year, semester, academic level, major, gender, residence, living status, daily caffeine consumption, history of depression, history of stressful events and fatigue among the study participants (P = 0.001). Further, no significant relationship was found between sleep quality and weight, military drill hours, daily and nightly working hours, marital status, cigarette smoking, workout, caffeine consumption at night, different physical-psychological diseases and different kinds of anxiety (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Prevalence of poor sleep quality and fatigue is high among students of AJA University of Medical Science. Given the importance of sleep quality and quantity and their effect on academic and non-academic performance of students, favorable conditions are required to be created to provide a good sleep hygiene.
Information, Relative Performance and Technology Abandonment: Evidence from a FDA Safety Communication

This paper studies the role of relative task-specific skill in explaining the heterogeneity in technology abandonment decisions in reaction to negative information shocks. We model how physicians respond to new information regarding the effectiveness of medical technology based on their joint distribution of skills and their patients’ characteristics. We test the model’s predictions and find physicians to alter their procedural mix towards open procedures in response to negative news related to the use of minimally invasive techniques. However, this effect was nearly muted among physicians with higher relative performance on minimally invasive procedures, highlighting a key impediment to technology abandonment.
Laboratory trials to reduce egg hatching of the American grapevine leafhopper (Scaphoideus titanus) with selected insecticides.

Laboratory trials were carried out under controlled conditions (24 °C, 75% RH, 16L:8D) to evaluate the effect of six selected insecticides on egg hatching of Scaphoideus titanus Ball (Hemiptera Cicadellidae). Standardized cuttings of two-year-old Isabella (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca) canes were used as test plant material. A newly developed test cage allowed the treatment of infested canes in a vertical position and a standardized assessment of the number of S. titanus nymphs on yellow sticky traps over the whole hatching period. The six test substances etofenprox, spirotetramat, paraffin oil, azadirachtin, spirodiclofen and aluminium silicate (kaolinite) resulted in a reduction of egg hatching of S. titanus of 100%, 99%, 83%, 72%, 64% and 47% in relation to the control (water) respectively. The present study suggests that plant protection treatments against the immobile stage of S. titanus at an earlier application date (BBCH-scale 13-17) than the usually recommended one in Austria (BBCH 65-77) could effectively reduce S. titanus population at the start of the growing season and lead to an improved suppression of the vector-assisted spread of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma.
GABAA Agonist Reduces Visual Awareness: A Masking–EEG Experiment

Consciousness can be manipulated in many ways. Here, we seek to understand whether two such ways, visual masking and pharmacological intervention, share a common pathway in manipulating visual consciousness. We recorded EEG from human participants who performed a backward-masking task in which they had to detect a masked figure form its background (masking strength was varied across trials). In a within-subject design, participants received dextromethorphan (a N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist), lorazepam (LZP; a GABAA receptor agonist), scopolamine (a muscarine receptor antagonist), or placebo. The behavioral results show that detection rate decreased with increasing masking strength and that of all the drugs, only LZP induced a further decrease in detection rate. Figure-related ERP signals showed three neural events of interest: (1) an early posterior occipital and temporal generator (94–121 msec) that was not influenced by any pharmacological manipulation nor by masking, (2) a later bilateral perioccipital generator (156–211 msec) that was reduced by masking as well as LZP (but not by any other drugs), and (3) a late bilateral occipital temporal generator (293–387 msec) that was mainly affected by masking. Crucially, only the intermediate neural event correlated with detection performance. In combination with previous findings, these results suggest that LZP and masking both reduce visual awareness by means of modulating late activity in the visual cortex but leave early activation intact. These findings provide the first evidence for a common mechanism for these two distinct ways of manipulating consciousness.
Technological developments in processing Australian mineral sand deposits

Almost all Australian mineral sand deposits are placer deposits, with the major commercial deposits located in four provinces along the east, west, and south coasts and in ancient basins in the southeast of the country. The development of new technology for mineral separation and its adaption to changes in the mineralogy of the deposits are discussed. Also, a summary is given of novel processing conditions developed to lower the levels of impurity elements (in particular manganese and radionuclides) in the heavy minerals, and to remove gangue minerals to obtain the maximum value from the deposits. The extensive, but still undeveloped, fine-grained Murray Basin deposits will require unique flotation conditions and roasting processes to produce marketable heavy mineral concentrates. The numerous potential novel processes that have been proposed for these deposits are discussed.
Biology and life table of Stethorus tridens fed Tetranychus bastosi on physic nut.

This study provides information about the life cycle of the predator Stethorus tridens Gordon (Coleoptera Coccinellidae), and its potential to control the pest Tetranychus bastosi Tuttle, Baker et Sales (Acari Tetranychidae). Life table parameters of S. tridens fed T. bastosi infesting physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) were evaluated. The mean life cycle of S. tridens was 12.35 days and mean longevity was 57.1 days, with an average of 101.1/female. The life table parameters of S. tridens were: specific fertility came to a maximum of 2.49 eggs; survival probability: 0.92%; net reproduction rate: 53.05 individuals; average generation time: 17.09 days; intrinsic rate of growth: 0.23 females/day; finite rate of increase: 1.26 individuals/female; and population doubling time: 2.98 days. These results indicate that S tridens develops successfully when fed T. bastosi on J. curcas.
SAMIR GRIMES1, MOULOUD BENABDI2, NADHERA BABALI1,3, WAHID REFES1, NAWAL BOUDJELLAL-KAIDI1 and HALIMA SERIDI4

The “Introduced” species of the Algerian coast remain the most undocumented issue in the Mediterranean Sea. Only few studies have been dedicated to Introduced species due to the lack of taxonomists. In-depth research on introduced species along the Algerian coast should provide new data that could explain the spreading mechanisms in the southwestern part of the Mediterranean basin, particularly near the Alboran Sea. Introduced species and other related research, the outcome of which is expected in the next few years, is in progress in the southwestern Mediterranean basin. The aim of this work is to provide an inventory of available data pertaining to marine species “introduced” in Algerian waters, whether these species were introduced intentionally or accidentally. The large number of introduced species records covers the period from 1834 to December 2017. Seventy “Introduced” species have been recorded along the Algerian coast, composed of true aliens (55.7%), range expanding species (25.7 %), cryptogenic species (15.7%) and vagrant species (2.9%), with a clear dominance of fish (38.57%) and macroalgae (30%). Approximately 348 introduction events have been reported; 64.9 % of them belong to macroalgae and one sighting out of two is made in the central region. The distribution and the status of introduced species in Algeria were evaluated. In total, 20% of the Introduced species can be considered as established along the Algerian coast, in particular the macrophyta, Codium fragile and Ulva lactuca as well as the cryptogenic species, Oculina patagonica, while Asparagopsis armata, A. taxiformis and Caulerpa cylindracea are considered as invasive.