Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Respiratory and Pulmonary Functions of Glass Blowers

Glass manufacturing industries are growing with a rapid pace. It involves various types of task which are performed by the workers and classified as skilled task. Since the beginning of civilization, human beings have evolved their standard of living with the discovery of new elements and their combinations. One such miraculous chemical compound is glass. With the advent of time, it has evolved as one of the most widely used material and has occupied an indispensable place in our dayto-day life. Glass manufacturing sector has also witnessed tremendous changes in term of growth and expansion (Wintour, 2015). Although being informal in nature, glass industries are more diverse and less systematic in their approach; its great share in the economies cannot be undermined.
Wafer-scale van der Waals Dielectrics of Inorganic Molecular Crystals

Van der Waals (vdW) dielectrics such as hBN are widely used to preserve the intrinsic properties of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors and support the fabrication of high-performance 2D devices. This is fundamentally attributed to their dangling-bond-free surface, carrying far lower density of charged scattering sources and trap states with respect to the conventional dielectrics (SiO2 etc.). However, their wafer-scale fabrication and compatible integration with 2D semiconductors remain cumbersome, giving rise to the difficulties in scalable fabrication of high-performance 2D devices. Here we report a high-κ vdW dielectric (εr=11.5) composed of inorganic molecular crystal (IMC) Sb2O3, allowing for large-scale fabrication and facile integration via standard thermal evaporation process thanks to its particular crystal structure. Similarly, our vdW dielectric also supports remarkably improved 2D devices with respect to the typical conventional dielectric SiO2. The monolayer MoS2 field effect transistors (FET) supported by our vdW dielectric exhibits high on/off ratio (108), greatly enhanced electron mobility (from 20 to 80 cm2/Vs) and reduced transfer-curve hysteresis over an order of magnitude. Our results may open a new avenue towards compatible fabrication of vdW dielectrics using IMCs and lead to the scalable fabrication of high-performance 2D devices.
The Sierra de Juárez Complex: a new Gondwanan Neoproterozoic-early Palaeozoic metamorphic terrane in southern Mexico

ABSTRACT Proterozoic to lower Palaeozoic metamorphic sequences are exposed in southern Mexico providing an important geological record for Rodinia and northwestern Gondwana reconstructions. The Sierra de Juárez Complex (SJC) is an enigmatic basement block in southern Mexico that recorded Jurassic dextral strike-slip mylonitic deformation, likely instigated by Pangea break-up and opening of the Gulf of Mexico. However, the origin and pre-Mesozoic evolution of this block are poorly constrained. In this paper, we present the result of fieldwork, LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon geochronology, and major and trace element geochemical analyses that allow us to define the following lithological units in the SJC: (1) an anorthositic-gabbroic metamorphic unit (Viguera Suite) with protolith ages of 979–976 Ma and a thermal disturbance event at ca. 920–880 Ma; (2) a MORB-like metagabbroic unit (San Agustín Orthogneiss) with a protolith age of 441.9 ± 3.6 Ma; (3) a metamorphic supracrustal sequence (Etla Unit) that includes amphibolites and pelitic schists with maximum depositional ages of 422–414 Ma and a detrital provenance sourced in Gondwanan-type terranes; and (4) metagranitic intrusions with a protolith age of 191.9 ± 1 Ma, suspected to be syntectonic with respect to the Jurassic mylonitic event. The Silurian-Devonian San Agustín Orthogneiss and Etla Unit constitute the roots of a formerly undocumented lower Palaeozoic terrane that, together with the Viguera Suite, underwent high-pressure amphibolite facies metamorphism between 398–391 Ma, likely related to contractional tectonics. Based on these data, the SJC is proposed as a Mesoproterozoic to middle Palaeozoic crustal block with a geologic evolution coupled to NW Gondwana and a potential correlation with the Grenville-aged and peri-Gondwanan-type terranes like those currently located in southeastern Mexico, Central America, and northwestern South America.
Optical Protection Cost of Loop Free Alternates on Completely Connected IP Networks Over Optical Rings

We consider protection switching in an IP over optical network. There is IP Fast Reroute Loop-free Alternates (IP FRR LFA) at the IP layer, and protection switching at the optical layer. Our network model assumes a completely connected IP network over an optical ring network that is required to protect a predetermined fraction of network bandwidth. This model leads to analytical formulas on network protection costs which we show are accurate. We also show that network cost is at or near zero when the network is required to protect at most 33% of traffic. A cost comparison to networks using MPLS Fast Reroute (MPLS FRR) further indicates that LFA is a feasible protection mechanism.
Impact of Policy and Factor Intensity on Sustainable Value of European Agriculture: Exploring Trade-Offs of Environmental, Economic and Social Efficiency at the Regional Level

Although sustainable development is a topic broadly discussed in the literature in relation to existing policy stimulus, a holistic approach to the implementation of sustainability in agriculture—for which there are three dimensions (economic, social and environmental)—is still missing. A regional approach, which averages the entire EU region, could therefore be useful in the long term for recommending directional guidelines for the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of key groups of CAP instruments and factor intensity on the three above-mentioned aspects of sustainability in the 2004–2017 period, with the assumption that they are all reciprocally related. This goal was achieved by measuring sustainability using the modified sustainable value approach combined with frontier-based nonparametric assessment and applying structural equation modelling, including multilevel random intercept. This research highlights trade-offs between environmental, economic and social efficiency and checks the impact of the EU CAP schemes on the sustainability of environmental, economic, and social dimensions in agriculture. Despite common indications of trade-offs, particularly between economic performance and eco-efficiency, our study shows that in the long term, such feedback has not occurred in any EU regions. Moreover, there are positive interactions between all three dimensions of sustainability from a cross-sectional perspective. The analysis of the impact of CAP subsidies proves that the current system of agri-environmental, set-aside and rural development payments has been effective in the long term, although broader implementation of environmental schemes in regions with lower labour productivity may negatively affect social sustainability.
Relationship between Cardiopulmonary Bypass Time, Platelet Count, Fibrinogen, ROTEM Measurements, Antithrombin Level, and Bleeding Amount during Cardiovascular Surgery and Intensive Care Unit Stay: A Observational Study

Purpose:Hemoglobin levels after a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are easily estimated; however, decreased fibrinogen and platelet levels before and after CPB are difficult to predict because of the adsorption and consumption. We hypothesized that fibrinogen levels, platelet count, and measurements by ROTEMTM may decrease in proportion to CPB time; moreover, we compared the perioperative blood loss by conducting a observational study. Methods:A total of 160 patients were enrolled and divided into three groups depending on the CPB time: < 2, 2–3, and >3 h. Blood samples were obtained at four time points, i.e., baseline, CPB start, CPB end, and intensive care, and platelet counts, ROTEM, fibrinogen, and antithrombin were measured. Results:A total of 74 patients were included in the <2 h, 63 in the 2–3 h, and 23 in the >3 h groups.No difference was observed in the platelet counts and fibrinogen between each group while weaning CPB, whereas the amplitude 10 min of EXTEM A10, FIBTEM A10, and antithrombin in the >3 h group were lower than those in the other groups. Furthermore, blood loss and each transfusion component were higher in the >3 h group than those in the other groups.Conclusions:The longer the CPB times, the greater perioperative bleeding loss and transfusion, particularly if >3 h, due to decreased (EXTEM A10 and FIBTEM A10) represented by ROTEMTM.Trial registration: This trial is registered with University hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Center, https://www.umin. ac.jp/. (ID: UMIN000017412) on May 5, 2015.
Public governance, agility and pandemics: a case study of the UK response to COVID-19

The UK government’s leaders initially believed that it was among the best-prepared governments for a pandemic. By June 2020, the outcome of the collision between the government’s initial confidence, on the one hand, and the aggressiveness and virulence of COVID-19, on the other, was evident. The UK had one of the worst COVID-19 mortality rates in the world. This article explores the UK government’s response to COVID-19 from a public administration and governance perspective. Using factual information and statistical data, it considers the government’s preparedness and strategic decisions, the delivery of the government response, and public confidence in the government. Points for practitioners Possible lessons for testing through application include: Use the precautionary principle to set planning assumptions in government strategies to create the possibility of government agility during a pandemic. Use central government’s leadership role to facilitate and enable local initiative and operational responses, as well as to take advantage of local resources and assets. Choose smart government responses that address tensions between the goal of saving lives and other government goals, and beware choices that are unsatisfactory compromises.
Effects of Learning Process and Self-Efficacy in Real-World Education for Sustainable Development

To solve the “wicked problems” of sustainability, education for sustainable development (EfSD) that raises the young generation to become change agents is necessary. For this purpose, fieldtrips that educate students in the real world about other stakeholders are effective, but since sustainable issues do not have clear solutions, cooperative learning (CL) in which students learn from each other is useful. The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence of the learning process on learning outcomes and their influence on learning objectives in real-world EfSD using CL. A hypothesis model consisting of seven hypotheses was set up, and a questionnaire survey of high school students who participated in the real-world EfSD was conducted. Results of the structural equation modeling of data from 2441 respondents supported all seven hypotheses. Implicit learning as a learning process promotes knowledge acquisition as a learning outcome, while explicit learning enhances self-efficacy. Although knowledge acquisition promotes citizenship development as the learning objective of EfSD, self-efficacy does not promote citizenship development. Self-efficacy affects knowledge acquisition more than implicit learning. This study contributes to EfSD research by clarifying the difference in the effects of the learning process.
Modified View of Energy Budget Diagram and Its Application to the Kuroshio Extension Region

The nonlocality of eddy–mean flow interactions, which appears explicitly in the modified Lorentz diagram as a form of the interaction energy, and its link to other estimation methods are revisited, and a new formulation for the potential enstrophy is proposed. The application of these methods to the Kuroshio Extension region suggests that the combined use of energy analysis with other methods, including the potential enstrophy diagram, provides more comprehensive understandings for the eddy–mean flow interactions in the limited region. It is shown that the interaction energy is transported from the nearshore and upstream regions to the downstream region in the form of the interaction energy flux, causing acceleration of the Kuroshio Extension jet in the downstream region. The potential enstrophy diagram indicates that the eddy field decelerates (accelerates) the jet in the nearshore (downstream) region, which is a consistent result with the energy analysis. It turns out that the interaction potential enstrophy flux is radiated from a region of the eddy kinetic energy maximum toward the upstream region, which is the opposite direction from the interaction energy flux. The interaction potential enstrophy flux that originated from this eddy kinetic energy maximum region also convergences near the center of the northern recirculation gyre of the Kuroshio Extension region and tends to stabilize the structures of the recirculation gyre. Together with the energy analysis that indicates the eddy field accelerates the northeastern part of the recirculation gyre through the local interactions, the present analyses support the arguments on the eddy-driven northern recirculation gyre.
Male meiotic recombination rate varies with seasonal temperature fluctuations in wild populations of autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa

Meiosis, the cell division by which eukaryotes produce haploid gametes, is essential for fertility in sexually reproducing species. This process is sensitive to temperature, and can fail outright at temperature extremes. At less extreme values, temperature affects the genome‐wide rate of homologous recombination, which has important implications for evolution and population genetics. Numerous studies in laboratory conditions have shown that recombination rate plasticity is common, perhaps nearly universal, among eukaryotes. These studies have also shown that variation in the length or timing of stresses can strongly affect results, raising the important question whether these findings translate to more variable field conditions. Moreover, lower or higher recombination rate could cause certain kinds of meiotic aberrations, especially in polyploid species—raising the additional question whether temperature fluctuations in field conditions cause problems. Here, we tested whether (1) recombination rate varies across a season in the wild in two natural populations of autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa, (2) whether recombination rate correlates with temperature fluctuations in nature, and (3) whether natural temperature fluctuations might cause meiotic aberrations. We found that plants in two genetically distinct populations showed a similar plastic response with recombination rate increases correlated with both high and low temperatures. In addition, increased recombination rate correlated with increased multivalent formation, especially at lower temperature, hinting that polyploids in particular may suffer meiotic problems in conditions they encounter in nature. Our results show that studies of recombination rate plasticity done in laboratory settings inform our understanding of what happens in nature.
Detection of Legionella pneumophila and Legionella dumoffii Biochemically in Water Samples in Baghdad City, Iraq

Background: Legionellae can be isolated from various sources of water. Legionella pneumophila istransmitted via contaminated water and caused many diseases like pneumonia; lungs abscesses and fever.Objectives: Isolation and identification of L. pneumophila from environmental samples; study the factorsthat affect the frequency of L. pneumophila; and some oxidizing substances on their growth.Materials and Method: A total of one hundred water samples were collected from Cooling tower; Watertanks; Tap water and Swab from inner tap water. All samples were cultured on Buffered charcoal yeast extract(BCYE) agar and Buffered charcoal yeast extract (BCYE) broth to isolate Legionella pneumophila andLegionella dumoffii. Effect of pH; temperature; chlorine; Iron and effect of soluble zinc on L. pneumophilagrowth were studied.Results: The isolates gave positive results for the tests of catalase, oxidase, gelatin degradation, nitratereduction and beta-lactamase. Iron; Soluble Zinc; Chloride; Calcium hardness (CaCO3); Turbidity and silverwere ? 3ppmas; 1-3 ppmas; 0.2-0.5 ppm; 600 ppm; ? 0.3 and 3 ppmas respectively. The distribution of L.pneumophila in the water samples were studied.Conclusion: FatalL. pneumophila may be transmitted by drinking contaminated water and led to deathbecause they caused pneumonia.
Challenges and Opportunities in Cucumber Seed Production

Vegetables play a vital role to meet food and nutritional security as they are more productive (per unit time and land area) than other crops. India is the second largest producer of vegetables in the world after China; with the production of 187.47mt and an area of 10.43mha [NHB, 2018 (1 st advance estimate)]. In India, the average vegetables productivity (17.96 t/ha) is much lower than other countries [China: 23.34 t/ha; USA: 32.5 t/ha (FAO, 2012)]. Per capita land resources (0.121ha) in India, due to population pressure, are shrinking, therefore, it is need of hour to ensure the higher production and productivity. India is blessed with diverse agro-climates, making it possible to grow a wide array of vegetables; of these cucurbitaceous vegetables with a number of edible species are the largest among the vegetable kingdom. It consists about 130 genera and 900 species including cucumber, bitter gourd, bottle gourd, ridge gourd, sponge gourd, ash gourd, snake gourd, squash, etc. The genus Cucumis contains nearly 40 species including three important ones (C. Sativus L [Cucumber], C. melo L [Cantloupe] and C. anguria L [West International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 01 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Covid-19 and Older Adults

The objective of this review article is to narrate the health considerations of older adults during COVID-19. Soon there will be more elderly people than youth, and more people at an alarming age than ever before. The proportion of older people and the life expectancy are growing worldwide as well. It is expected that the number of people aged 65 or older will rise from an estimated 524 million in 2010 to almost 1.5 billion in 2050, with much of the increase in developing countries. The most vulnerable category to Coronavirus (COVID-19) and those with chronic underlying medical conditions are older adults aged 65 or older. As a result of disruptions to social activities, communication, and assistance, the COVID-19 crisis is likely to have a significant impact on both the mental and physical outlook of older individuals. Since the start of the COVID19 pandemic and the pressure of lockdown measures, abuse against older adults has increased severely. Recommendation to ensure appropriate nursing care for the elderly based on facts, the demands of an ageing population, transparency, and social welfare, COVID-19 needs to be interpreted as a wakeup call. In order to generate global preparedness and to protect older adults, older people need complicated health care in the form of urgent and joint intervention, often because of several steps, a strong public health response is required Sometimes, due to numerous morbidities. This increased pressure on health-care delivery systems poses a problem for everyone and can trigger a crisis if not explicitly addressed.
Cooperative acoustic navigation of underwater vehicles without a DVL utilizing a dynamic process model: Theory and field evaluation

This paper reports the theoretical development and at‐sea field evaluation of a novel combined underwater acoustic communication and navigation system, known as cooperative acoustic navigation (CAN), for underwater vehicles (UVs) utilizing a second‐order dynamic plant model of the submerged UVs. The present state‐of‐the‐art in CAN is to utilize one‐way travel‐time acoustic modem telemetry together with purely kinematic, constant‐velocity plant process models. We term this approach CAN‐KIN. At present, CAN‐KIN is utilized with an on‐board bottom‐lock Doppler velocity log (DVL) providing frequent, high‐accuracy velocity corrections. However, DVLs are relatively expensive, have significant power requirements, can be physically large, and have limited acoustic bottom‐lock range, which restricts their use to a maximum of 25–420 m above the sea floor. In this study, we investigate the utility of a second‐order dynamic UV plant process model in CAN of UVs equipped with an acoustic modem, attitude, and depth sensors, but lacking a DVL, and a surface ship equipped with an acoustic modem and global positioning system. We term CAN utilizing a dynamic model CAN‐DYN. This paper reports results from at‐sea field trials conducted in the Chesapeake Bay with the Johns Hopkins University Iver3 UV. These experimental results indicate the submerged UV position estimate from CAN‐KIN is poor and even unstable in the absence of DVL velocity observations. These field experimental results also show that CAN‐DYN performs well without a DVL. Our results suggest CAN‐DYN without a DVL does not exhibit instability as does CAN‐KIN without a DVL, performs similarly to CAN‐KIN with a DVL, and outperforms DVL‐based dead reckoning. Additionally, we report an experimental evaluation of the effect of adding (relative) velocity corrections in the form of acoustic range‐rate observations to CAN utilizing a dynamic model without a DVL. We conclude that the addition of infrequent velocity observations, such as those provided by acoustic range rate, does not appear to improve the performance of CAN‐DYN without a DVL.