Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP): The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Degenerative Process Progression

Purpose: Retinitis Pigmentosa is a term that includes a group of inherited bilateral and progressive retinal degenerations, with the involvement of rod photoreceptors, which frequently leads to blindness; oxidative stress may be involved in the degeneration progression as proposed by several recent studies. The goal of this study is to evaluate whether circulating free radicals taken from capillary blood are related to one of the most important features of Retinitis pigmentosa that can affect frequently patients: cystoid macular oedema (CME). Materials: A total of 186 patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa (range: 25–69 years) were enrolled; all patients completed an ophthalmologic examination and SD-OCT at baseline and were divided into three subgroups according to the SD-OCT features. ROS blood levels were determined using FORT with monitoring of free oxygen radicals. Results: Test levels of free oxygen radicals were significantly increased, almost twice, in RP patients showing cystoid macular oedema and significantly increased compared to the control group. (p < 0.001). Discussion: Our findings suggest that oxidative stress may speed cone photoreceptors’ morphological damage (CMT); because long lasting oxidative stress in the RP may cause oxidative damage, with animal models of RP suggesting this is a micromolecular mechanism of photoreceptors’ (cone) death, it can be similar to cone damage in human RP eyes. The limitations of this paper are the relatively small sample, the horizontal design of the study, and the lack of data about the levels of ROS in the vitreous body.
Tele-Operation Through Apertures: Mission Impassable or Mission Undrivable?

Previous research has shown that search and rescue robots get stuck. We ask why. Perhaps operators attempt to drive through apertures larger than the robot, but too small to be driven through unhindered. If this is the case, then operators should base their decisions to enter apertures on their ability to drive the robot instead of other physical dimensions. This assumes that operators are cognizant of their abilities to drive the robot through the aperture. To test this assumption, participants viewed an image transmitted from a camera mounted on a robot and drove towards apertures of varying width. Half of the participants judged whether the robot could pass through, half judged whether they could drive the robot through. Finally, all participants attempted to drive the robot through the aperture. Results indicated that pass-ability judgments were accurate, but drive-ability judgments were not. Implications for training and interface design are discussed.
The potential and constraint of work gamification for employees’ creative performance

ABSTRACT Drawing on the affordance theory, this paper theorizes about how workplace creativity could be influenced by employees’ interaction with game design elements incorporated into work systems. To comprehensively capture possible relationships, two vital theoretical frameworks -ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) and affordance theory, were employed to provide theoretical guidance and a basis upon which propositions were established. A review of literature in the field reveals that gamified work system, through the improvement of ability-, motivation- and opportunity-enhancing practices supports dimensions including employee’s motivation and competence which are prerequisites for a creative outcome. Furthermore, contrary to the common opinion, work gamification could constrain employees’ creativity at work. Theoretically grounded in existing theories and past literature, this conceptual paper touches on unpopular discussions in the literature, opens a research avenue for further studies by providing testable propositions and recommendations for practice.
Association between Maternal Health Care and Basic Immunization Completeness in Children Aged 12–23 Months: Analysis of 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey

BACKGROUND: The coverage of complete basic immunization in Indonesia is still lower than the target stated in the 2015-2019 Ministry of Health Strategic Plan. It may be caused by several factors, one of the essential factors is maternal health services. AIM: The study aims to assess the association between maternal health services and immunization completeness in Indonesian children aged 12–23 months. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was conducted using the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey. Two-stage stratified random sampling was used to obtain representative samples from all provinces in Indonesia. The subjects of this study were mothers who had children aged 12–23 months. A total of 3,398 samples were obtained after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of complete immunization of Indonesian children aged 12–23 months was 61.4%. From multivariate analysis, we found that mothers who attend more than four antenatal care (ANC) (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.23 95% Confidence interval [CI] [2.31–4.52]), delivery by health-professionals (AOR 3.32 95%CI [2.26–4.88]), and attended postnatal care (PNC) (AOR 1.31 95% CI [1.07–1.59]) were predictors of complete child immunization. In addition, children whose mothers had a higher educational level and who live in Java-Bali were more likely to be completely vaccinated. CONCLUSION: Maternal health services, which consist of ANC services, delivery by health workers, and PNC services, were associated with the completeness of basic immunization in Indonesian children aged 12–23 months. Strategies to improve immunization coverage must be carried out by increasing the continuity of maternal health services since pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum.
Comparison of Procedural Sequences in Sedated Same-Day Bidirectional Endoscopy with Water-Exchange Colonoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Previous studies have favored esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) followed by colonoscopy as the optimal sequence in bidirectional endoscopy (BDE) with air insufflation. However, the optimal sequence in same-day BDE with WE colonoscopy is unclear. Methods: A total of 200 patients undergoing BDE with propofol sedation from May 2018 to January 2021 were randomized to either the EGD-first group (n = 100) or the colonoscopy-first group (n = 100). Results: The EGD-first group required a longer cecal-intubation time (median 16.0 min vs. 13.7 min, p < 0.001) and a lower Boston Bowel Preparation Scale score (8.5 vs. 9, p = 0.030) compared with the colonoscopy-first group. However, the EGD-first group needed a significantly lower dose of propofol (200 mg vs. 250 mg, p < 0.001) and a shorter recovery time (7 min vs. 13.5 min, p < 0.001), resulting in a shorter turnover time of the endoscopy room (39.5 min vs. 42.6 min, p = 0.004). There were no differences in the sedation-related adverse events, patients’ satisfaction scores, adenoma-detection rates, or the outcomes of EGD between the two groups. Conclusions: During propofol-sedated BDE, EGD followed by WE colonoscopy was more efficient with a shorter turnover time despite a longer cecal-intubation time (NCT03638713).
Understanding the Role of Humic Acids on Crop Performance and Soil Health

Humic acids (HA) are organic molecules that play essential roles in improving soil properties, plant growth, and agronomic parameters. The sources of HA include coal, lignite, soils, and organic materials. Humic acid-based products have been used in crop production in recent years to ensure the sustainability of agriculture production. Reviewed literature shows that HA can positively affect soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, including texture, structure, water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, pH, soil carbon, enzymes, nitrogen cycling, and nutrient availability. This review highlights the relevance of HA on crop growth, plant hormone production, nutrient uptake and assimilation, yield, and protein synthesis. The effect of HA on soil properties and crops is influenced by the HA type, HA application rate, HA application mode, soil type, solubility, molecular size, and functional group. This review also identifies some knowledge gaps in HA studies. HA and its application rate have not been tested in field experiments under different crops in rotation, nitrogen fertilizer forms, sites and climatic conditions. Furthermore, HA chemical and molecular structures, their water and alkaline soluble fractions have not been tested under field experiments to evaluate their effects on crop yield, quality, and soil health. The relationship between soil-plant nutrient availability and plant nutrient uptake following HA application should also be further studied.
High-light inhibition of two submerged macrophytes in a shallow water experiment

Abstract The negative effects, caused by high light, on algae, terrestrial and marine aquatic plants are well documented; those negative effects on freshwater submerged plants are, however, not well known. We determined the negative effects of two common submerged species, Myriophyllum spicatum and Vallisneria natans, on their growth and reproduction in a shallow water experiment along an irradiance gradient. Our results highlighted that the plant mass, relative growth rate and shoot height of V. natans and M. spicatum, and root mass and root length:root mass of M. spicatum and leaf mass and shoot height:shoot mass of V. natans were significantly negatively affected in shallow water with high-light regime (>50 % of full light). While the ramet number of the two species was stimulated by from 20.0 to 36.4 %, and root length, root:shoot, chlorophyll (a:b), chlorophyll (a + b), leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the two studied macrophytes were not significantly impacted by light. Our results indicated that the high-light inhibition of plant growth was greater on the shoots than on the roots of the plants, although these effects were significantly different between the two studied submerged species and among the measured traits. Accordingly, we should avoid negative effects caused by high light to improve the performance of submerged species when we conduct submerged aquatic vegetation restoration programmes in eutrophic lakes.
Anti-cariogenic & Cytotoxic Activity of Red Sandal (Pterocarpus santalinus) Ethanolic Extract

Introduction: Pterocarpus santalinus, with the common names red sanders, red saunders, red sandalwood, Rakt Chandan, and saunderswood, is a species of Pterocarpus endemic to the southern Eastern Ghats mountain range of South India. This tree is valued for the rich red colour of its wood.The use of ethanolic extract is a cost-effective way to produce a quality extract from a large volume of plants.Pterocarpus santalinus has a characteristic anti-cariogenic and cytotoxic activity.This study aimed to find the Anti cariogenic and cytotoxic activity of Pterocarpus santalinus (Red sandal) ethanolic extract preparation. Materials and Methods: The anticariogenic activity was done by using agar well diffusion technique and the cytotoxic activity was done by Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay. Pterocarpus santalinus were purchased commercially from an herbal health centre, in Chennai. The obtained powder Pterocarpus santalinus stored in an airtight container. 5 gram of powder is mixed with 50 ml of ethanol and kept in the orbital shaker for 72 hours , after it has boiled in a heating mantle at 62- 70 degree c for 5-10 min. The extract is filtered using whatman filter paper 1.The filter extract again contracted using heating mantle. Results: The extract shows very good anticariogenic and cytotoxic activity of P.santalinus ethanolic extract by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay. Conclusion: The Anti-cariogenic and cytotoxic activity of Pterocarpus santalinus ethanolic extract preparation was effective.
Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai dalam Melayani Masyarakat

Kinerja pelayanan publik menjadi hal yang penting dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada pengguna jasa. salah satu hal yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat pendidikan pegawai sebagai sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan sejauh mana tingkat pendidikan (x) pegawai berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai (y) dalam melayani masyarakat di kantor kecamatan Kampar Kiri Hulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan survei lapangan. 40 orang secara sukarela sebagai responden dengan tingkat respon 80%. Hasil uji regresi yang diperoleh adalah tingkat pendidikan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai sebesar 38%. Dalam penelitian ini juga digunakan beberapa variabel pemoderasi seperti pangkat atau jabatan pegawai, masa kerja, dan pengalaman pelatihan sehingga mempengaruhi hasil yang diperoleh.
Influences of Propranolol on outcomes of severely adult burn patients.

This study evaluated the influence of Propranolol on outcomes of severely adult burn patients. A randomized controlled trial was on 124 patients who were divided into two groups: Control group (A) received conventional treatment, study group (B) was treated with Propranolol.The result indicated that, along the time, the heart rate of the study group steadily decreased and was significantly lower than that of the control group (90.24 ± 11.51 vs. 101.43 ± 13.69 bpm; p < 0,01 at 28th-day afterburn). From the 7th day onward afterburn, the body temperature of both groups decreased and the temperature was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Hematological parameters, mean arterial pressure, complication rate and treatment time were not remarkably different between the two groups (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in mortality between groups (19.35% vs 17.74%; p > 0.05).
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi E-Learning IAIN Madura dalam Meningkatkan Efisiensi Belajar Mahasiswa di Masa New Normal

Di masa new normal, IAIN Madura menerapakan proses menggunakan aplikasi e-learning dalam meningkatkan daya efisiensi belajar mahasiswa sesuai dengan kondisi saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi proses belajar mahasiswa prodi PGMI Fakultas Tarbiyah di IAIN Madura di masa new normal melalui aplikasi e-learning. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yang menginterpretasi sebuah fenomena yang ada disekitarnya dimaknai sebagai sebuah naturalistik. Jenis penelitiannya deskriptif yang menggambarkan sebuah fenomena yang sebenarnya Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya efisiensi proses belajar mahasiswa di masa new normal menggunakan aplikasi e-learning IAIN Madura yang mempermudah dalam absensi, memahami materi pada setiap pertemuan perkuliahan, mengetahui tugas dari dosen, mempercepat akses menyetor tugas dan mengetahui hasil atau nilai dari tugas tersebut secara cepat dan tepat sesuai kemampuan masing-masing mahasiswa. Implikasinya, mampu mengetahui manfaat adanya e-learning IAIN Madura yang digunakan mahasiswa dalam meningkatkan efisien belajarnya di masa new normal.
SSR Loci Analysis in Transcriptome and Molecular Marker Development in Polygonatum sibiricum

To study the SSR loci information and develop molecular markers, a total of 435,858 unigenes in transcriptome of Polygonatum sibiricum were used to explore SSR. The distribution frequency of SSR and the basic characteristics of repeat motifs were analyzed using MISA software, and SSR primers were designed by Primer 3.0 software and then validated by PCR. Moreover, the gene function analysis of SSR Unigene was obtained by Blast. The results showed that 112,728 SSR loci were found in the transcriptome of Polygonatum sibiricum, which distributed in 435,858 unigenes with a distribution frequency of 25.86%. Mo-nucleotide and Di-nucleotide repeat were the main types, accounted for 83.83% of all SSRs. The repeat motifs of A/T and AC/GT were the predominant repeat types of Mo-nucleotide and Di-nucleotide, respectively. A total of 113,305 pairs of SSR primers with the potential to produce polymorphism were designed for maker development. One hundred and fifty-four of the 500 randomly selected primers not only produced fragments with expected molecular size but also had high polymorphism, which could accurately separate the tested varieties. The gene function of unigenes containing SSR was mostly related to the molecular function of Polygonatum sibiricum. The SSR markers in transcriptome of Polygonatum sibiricum show rich type, strong specificity, and high potential of polymorphism, which will benefit the candidate gene mining and marker-assisted breeding. The developed markers can also provide technical methods for molecular identification of intraspecific species of Polygonatum Mill. and maker-assisted breeding of superior varieties of Polygonatum Mill.
Turbulent exchange of momentum and carbon dioxide of a Sitka spruce plantation

Our knowledge of the global carbon budget is at present insufficient to predict reliably the possible consequences of rising CO 2 levels on the climate and on ecosystems. Attempts to close the global carbon budget have indicated that a major sink for CO2 may exist in the boreal forests of the northern hemisphere, (Tans et al., 1990). This thesis reports on field experiments which were undertaken to investigate the turbulent exchange of mass, energy and momentum in a northern hemisphere coniferous forest, with special attention to the exchange of carbon dioxide. The eddy covariance technique was used to measure mass, energy and momentum fluxes above and within a Sitka spruce, (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Can. ), plantation in South West Scotland. The forest had a mean height, h, of 15 m, was densely planted and unthinned. Measurements were made at heights of 1.2h, 0.7h and 0.1 h, where the heights within the canopy corresponded to the lower canopy crown and the dead branch trunkspace, respectively. The upper canopy was found to be efficient at attenuating momentum, with momentum fluxes at 0.7h being only 2 3 % of those at 1.2h. Spectral slopes of velocity and scalar quantities were considerably steeper than expected from Similarity theory indicating a more rapid dissipation of larger scale motions than above the canopy. Evidence was found to support the existence of large, intermittent and energetic structures dominating the turbulent exchange in the forest. Eularian integral tife scales for streamwise (L a) and vertical (Lw) velocities were calculated at 1.2h as h and 0.2h, respectively. A momentum quadrant analysis indicated that 50 % of momentum flux, 21 47 % of CO2 flux and 23 44 % of sensible heat flux at 1.2h was accounted for by events with instantaneous momentum fluxes greater than four times the mean value, which occurred only 5 12 % of the time. Diurnal cycles of CO 2, heat and radiation fluxes are presented for the forest system. The dependence of CO 2 flux into the forest system on photosynthetically active photon flux, Ip, vapour pressure deficit and air temperature was examined for a warm, sunny day and an overcast day. The main controlling environmental variable during the warm sunny period was found to be Ip, no strong dependence with vapour pressure deficit or air temperature was found. The response of net CO 2 flux into the forest system to Ip, for both data sets, was found to be well represented by a rectangular hyperbola. Curves fitted to the data predicted quantum requirements of 43 and 23 photons (molecule CO2 fixed) 1 , dark respiration fluxes of 0.12 and 0.17 mg M-2 s-1 , saturation net influxes of 1.3 and 1.2 mg rn 2 s and compensation points of 130 and 104 l.tmol rn 2 s 1 for sunny and overcast periods, respectively.
Effect of Different Levels of Constructivist Scaffolding within E-Content on Undergraduate Students’ Mastery of Learning and their Attitudes towards it

This research investigates the effect of different levels of constructivist scaffolding within e-content on undergraduate students’ mastery of learning and their attitudes towards it. The research sample involves three experimental groups, each group having thirty (30) students. The first group (Group 1) studied e-content with simple constructivist scaffolding, the second group (Group 2) studied e-content with intermediate constructivist scaffolding, the third group (Group 3) studied e-content with intensive constructivist scaffolding. The results indicate that the third group of students, who studied design skills with intensive scaffolding, scored higher than the other two groups; they achieved 85% proficiency. Though the differences are not statistically significant, the students in the other two groups did not achieve the same proficiency percentage (85%). The results further reveal that the students in the first and third groups had more positive attitudes than the students in the second group.
Data driven modeling of photonic data

Photonic data can be used to characterize the biochemical composition of samples and often in a non-destructive and label-free manner. To utilize these label-free measurements for applications like diagnostics or analytics, data driven modeling is utilized to translate photonic data into higher-level information. In this contribution, two scenarios of data driven modeling will be presented. We will present the translation of nonlinear multi-contrast images into diagnostic information like tissue types, disease types, and histopathological stainings. Additionally, we will demonstrate deep learning as tool for the extraction of the imaginary part of the third-order susceptibility of spectral CARS measurements.
Childhood maltreatment and the menopause transition in a cohort of midlife New Zealand women

Abstract Objective Knowledge surrounding the link between childhood adversity and reproductive outcomes at midlife is limited. The present study examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment (childhood sexual abuse [CSA], childhood physical punishment [CPP]), and menopause status at age 40. Methods Data were gathered from female members of the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a longitudinal birth cohort of 1,265 individuals (630 females) born in Christchurch, New Zealand in 1977. Menopause status was defined by categorizing the female cohort at age 40 as either: 1) premenopausal, or 2) peri/ postmenopausal. Retrospective reports of CSA (<16 y) and CPP (<16 y) were obtained at ages 18 and 21 years. Results The analysis sample comprised n = 468 women with data recorded on both their menopause status at age 40 and history of maltreatment (<16 y), of whom 22% (n = 104) were classified as peri/postmenopausal. A statistically significant association was found between and severity of CSA and menopause status, but not between CPP and menopause status. The association with CSA was robust to control for both childhood confounding factors (<16 y) and intervening adult factors (18-40 y) associated with the menopause transition. In the fully adjusted model, women who had experienced severe CSA involving attempted/completed sexual penetration had twice the rate of entering peri/postmenopause compared with those who reported no CSA (39.0% vs 18.8%). Conclusions Severity of CSA exposure was associated with earlier menopausal transition in this female cohort. These findings are consistent with the emerging literature on the long-term health and developmental impacts of CSA.