Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating sugarcane productivity: an approach using fuzzy logic 1

- Brazil is a benchmark in sugarcane production, with the state of São Paulo standing out as the largest Brazilian producer. However, for sugarcane suppliers and mills to sustain this activity, there is a need to improve productivity per hectare and reduce production costs. In this regard, this study aimed to propose fuzzy systems to estimate sugarcane productivity based on planted area (Area) and total cost of soil tillage (TCST) for raw material suppliers and mills. To this end, two fuzzy inference systems were constructed for the output variable (productivity) from two input variables (Area and TCST), considering ﬁ ve membership functions (very low, low, medium, high, and very high). Additionally, a survey on 42 sugarcane suppliers and 31 mills in the state of São Paulo was used for model construction. The results showed that the relationship between Area and TCST re ﬂ ects on the productivity of sugarcane suppliers and mills in distinct ways. For suppliers, an increase in productivity is observed when there is an almost negative relationship between both input variables. For mills, productivity rises when these variables ﬂ uctuate in the same direction. Therefore, the proposed method is viable and provides relevant information for conjecturing survival strategies for agents in the sugarcane energy sector.
Effectiveness of vessel monitoring systems in managing and monitoring fishing vessels in Ca Mau province, Vietnam

Since October 2017, Vietnam’s fisheries have made efforts to address the European Commission (EC)’s yellow card warning. One key factor in removing the yellow card warning was implementing a fishing vessel monitoring system (VMS) to manage and monitor fishing vessels at sea and prevent them from violating foreign waters. However, there has been limited research evaluating the effectiveness of VMS in Vietnam. To address this gap, this study focused on evaluating the use of VMS in Ca Mau province, one of the country’s dominant fisheries. The study collected primary and secondary data from 94 surveyed fishermen who were captains and owners of Ca Mau fishing vessels equipped with VMS between December 2021 and April 2022. The findings showed that 99.5% of fishing vessels were equipped with VMS, with the ZuniVN-01 equipment being the most commonly selected (39.7%), followed by Viettel S-tracking (24.2%), and BA-SAT-01 (23.5%). However, these VMS failures occurred frequently, with the most significant being disconnection for more than ten days between the VMS onboard and the local control center. Despite these failures, 96.8% of respondents believed that VMS was effective, particularly for emergency rescue functions (73.4%). The automatic transmission of the vessel’s location via GPS every two or three hours received the highest rating (78.7%) from respondents. Additionally, most fishers (68.5%) believed that the core requirements of VMS were appropriate. Based on the study’s results, practical recommendations were proposed to stakeholders to improve the effectiveness of VMS.
Word predictability, prosody, gesture and mouth movements in face-to-face language comprehension

The ecology of human language is face-to-face interaction, comprising cues, like prosody, co-speech gestures, and mouth movements. Yet, the multimodal context is usually stripped away in experiments as dominant paradigms focus on linguistic processing only. In two studies we presented video-clips of an actress producing naturalistic passages to participants whose electroencephalographic activity was recorded. We quantified each cue and determined their effect on a well-established electroencephalographic marker of cognitive load in comprehension (N400). We found that brain responses to words were affected by informativeness of co-occurring multimodal cues, indicating that comprehension relies on linguistic and non-linguistic cues. Moreover, brain responses were affected by interactions between the multimodal cues, indicating that the impact of each cue dynamically changes based on the informativeness of other available cues. Thus, results show that multimodal cues are integral to comprehension, hence, our theories must move beyond the limited focus on speech and linguistic processing.
An Internet-Based Intervention for Depression in Primary Care in Spain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Depression is the most prevalent cause of illness-induced disability worldwide. Face-to-face psychotherapeutic interventions for depression can be challenging, so there is a need for other alternatives that allow these interventions to be offered. One feasible alternative is Internet-based psychological interventions. This is the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) on the effectiveness of an Internet-based intervention on depression in primary health care in Spain. Objective Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of a low-intensity therapist-guided (LITG) Internet-based program and a completely self-guided (CSG) Internet-based program with improved treatment as usual (iTAU) care for depression. Methods Multicenter, three-arm, parallel, RCT design, carried out between November 2012 and January 2014, with a follow-up of 15 months. In total, 296 adults from primary care settings in four Spanish regions, with mild or moderate major depression, were randomized to LITG (n=96), CSG (n=98), or iTAU (n=102). Research completers at follow-up were 63.5%. The intervention was Smiling is Fun, an Internet program based on cognitive behavioral therapy. All patients received iTAU by their general practitioners. Moreover, LITG received Smiling is Fun and the possibility of psychotherapeutic support on request by email, whereas CSG received only Smiling is Fun. The main outcome was the Beck Depression Inventory-II at 3 months from baseline. Mixed-effects multilevel analysis for repeated measures were undertaken. Results There was no benefit for either CSG [(B coefficient=-1.15; P=.444)] or LITG [(B=-0.71; P=.634)] compared to iTAU, at 3 months. There were differences at 6 months [iTAU vs CSG (B=-4.22; P=.007); iTAU vs LITG (B=-4.34; P=.005)] and 15 months [iTAU vs CSG (B=-5.10; P=.001); iTAU vs LITG (B=-4.62; P=.002)]. There were no differences between CSG and LITG at any time. Adjusted and intention-to-treat models confirmed these findings. Conclusions An Internet-based intervention for depression combined with iTAU conferred a benefit over iTAU alone in the Spanish primary health care system. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01611818; https://register.clinicaltrials. gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol? selectaction=Edit&uid=U0001NPQ&ts=2&cx=gctdh2&sid=S0003KJ6 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6jbsUvUDz)
Comparing a Video and Text Version of a Web-Based Computer-Tailored Intervention for Obesity Prevention: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Web-based computer-tailored interventions often suffer from small effect sizes and high drop-out rates, particularly among people with a low level of education. Using videos as a delivery format can possibly improve the effects and attractiveness of these interventions Objective The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of a video and text version of a Web-based computer-tailored obesity prevention intervention on dietary intake, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) among Dutch adults. A second study aim was to examine differences in appreciation between the video and text version. The final study aim was to examine possible differences in intervention effects and appreciation per educational level. Methods A three-armed randomized controlled trial was conducted with a baseline and 6 months follow-up measurement. The intervention consisted of six sessions, lasting about 15 minutes each. In the video version, the core tailored information was provided by means of videos. In the text version, the same tailored information was provided in text format. Outcome variables were self-reported and included BMI, physical activity, energy intake, and appreciation of the intervention. Multiple imputation was used to replace missing values. The effect analyses were carried out with multiple linear regression analyses and adjusted for confounders. The process evaluation data were analyzed with independent samples t tests. Results The baseline questionnaire was completed by 1419 participants and the 6 months follow-up measurement by 1015 participants (71.53%). No significant interaction effects of educational level were found on any of the outcome variables. Compared to the control condition, the video version resulted in lower BMI (B=-0.25, P=.049) and lower average daily energy intake from energy-dense food products (B=-175.58, P<.001), while the text version had an effect only on energy intake (B=-163.05, P=.001). No effects on physical activity were found. Moreover, the video version was rated significantly better than the text version on feelings of relatedness (P=.041), usefulness (P=.047), and grade given to the intervention (P=.018). Conclusions The video version of the Web-based computer-tailored obesity prevention intervention was the most effective intervention and most appreciated. Future research needs to examine if the effects are maintained in the long term and how the intervention can be optimized. ClinicalTrial Netherlands Trial Register: NTR3501; http://www.trialregister. nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp? TC=3501 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6cBKIMaW1)
Highly stratiﬁed mid-Pliocene Southern Ocean in PlioMIP2

During the mid-Pliocene (3.264-3.025 Ma), atmospheric CO 2 concentrations were approximately 400 ppm and the Antarctic ice sheet was substantially reduced compared to today. Antarctica is surrounded by the Southern Ocean, which plays a crucial role in the global oceanic circulation and climate regulation. Using results from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP2), we investigate Southern Ocean conditions during the mid-Pliocene with respect to the pre-industrial period. We ﬁnd that the mean sea surface temperature (SST) warming in the Southern Ocean is 2.8 � C, while global mean SST warming 5 is 2.4 � C. The enhanced warming is strongly tied to a dramatic decrease in sea-ice cover over the mid-Pliocene Southern Ocean. We also see a freshening of the ocean (sub)surface, driven by an increase in precipitation over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica. The warmer and fresher surface leads to a highly stratiﬁed Southern Ocean, that can be related to weakening of the deep abyssal overturning circulation. Sensitivity simulations show that the decrease in sea-ice cover and enhanced warming is largely a consequence of the reduction of the Antarctic ice sheet. In addition, the mid-Pliocene geographic boundary conditions 10 are responsible for approximately half of the increase in mid-Pliocene SST warming, sea ice loss, precipitation and stratiﬁcation increase over the Southern Ocean. From these results, we conclude that a strongly reduced Antarctic Ice Sheet during the mid-Pliocene has a substantial inﬂuence on the state of the mid-Pliocene Southern Ocean and exacerbates the changes that are induced by a higher CO 2 concentration alone. This is relevant for the long-term future of the Southern Ocean, as we expect melting of the western Antarctic ice sheet in the future, an effect that is not currently taken into account in future projections 15 by CMIP ensembles.
Chromosomal assembly of the flat oyster (Ostrea edulis L.) genome as a new genetic ressource for aquaculture

The European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis L.) is the endemic species of the European coasts. Its exploitation has been reduced during the last decades, because of the appearance of two parasites that have led to the collapse of the stocks and the strong decline of the natural oyster beds. O. edulis has been the subject of numerous studies and programs in population genetics and on the presence of the parasites Bonamia ostreae and Marteilia refringens. These studies investigated the effects of these parasites mainly on immunity at the molecular and cellular levels. Several genetic selection programs especially related to resistance to the parasite have been initiated. Within the framework of a European project (PERLE 2) which aims to produce genetic lines of O. edulis with hardiness traits (growth, survival, resistance) for the purpose of repopulating natural oyster beds in Brittany and reviving the culture of this species on the foreshore, obtaining a reference genome has proved to be essential as done recently in many bivalve species of aquaculture interest. Here, we present a chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation for the European flat oyster, generated by combining PacBio technology, Illumina, 10X linked and Hi-C sequencing. The finished assembly is 887.2 Mb with a scaffold-N50 of 97.1 Mb scaffolded on the expected 10 pseudo-chromosomes. Annotation of the genome revealed the presence of 35962 protein-coding genes. We analyzed in details the transposable elements (TE) diversity in the flat oyster genome, highlight some specificities in tRNA and miRNA composition and provide first insights in the molecular response of O. edulis to M. refringens. This genome will serve as a reference for genomic studies on O. edulis to better understand its basic physiology or developing genetic markers in breeding projects for aquaculture or natural reef restoration.
Use of suboptimal control arms in randomized clinical trials of investigational cancer drugs in China, 2016–2021: An observational study

Background The use of suboptimal controls in randomized trials of new cancer drugs can produce potentially unreliable clinical efficacy results over the current standard of care and expose patients to substandard therapy. We aim to investigate the proportion of randomized trials of investigational cancer drugs that used a suboptimal control arm and the number of trial participants at risk of exposure to suboptimal treatments in China. The association between the use of a suboptimal control and concluding statistical significance on the primary endpoint was also examined. Methods and findings This observational study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of cancer drugs that were authorized by specific Chinese institutional review boards between 2016 and 2021, supporting investigational new drug applications of these drugs in China. The proportion of trials that used a suboptimal control arm and the total number of trial participants at risk of exposure to suboptimal treatments were calculated. In a randomized trial for a specific condition, a comparator was deemed suboptimal if it was not recommended by clinical guidelines published in priori or if there existed a regimen with a higher level of recommendation for the indication. The final sample included 453 Phase II/III and Phase III randomized oncology trials. Overall, 60 trials (13.2%) adopted a suboptimal control arm. Among them, 58.3% (35/60) used comparators that were not recommended by a prior guideline for the indication. The cumulative number of trial participants at risk of exposure to suboptimal treatments totaled 18,610 by the end of 2021, contributing 15.1% to the total number of enrollees of all sampled RCTs in this study. After adjusting for the year of ethical approval, region of participant recruitment, line of therapy, and cancer site, second-line therapies (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.7, 95%CI [1.2, 5.9]), adjuvant therapies (aOR = 8.9, 95% CI [3.4, 23.1]), maintenance therapies (aOR = 5.2, 95% CI [1.6, 17.0]), and trials recruiting participants in China only (aOR = 4.1, 95% CI [2.1, 8.0]) were more likely to adopt a suboptimal control. For the 105 trials with publicly available results, no statistically significant difference was observed between the use of a suboptimal control and concluding positive on the primary endpoint (100.0% [12/12] versus 83.9% [78/93], p = 0.208). The main limitation of this study is its reliance on clinical guidelines that could vary across cancer types and time in assessing the quality of the control groups. Conclusions In this study, over one-eighth of randomized trials of cancer drugs registered to apply for regulatory approval in China used a suboptimal comparator. Our results highlight the necessity to refine the design of randomized trials to generate optimal clinical evidence for new cancer therapies.
Use and perceptions of digital technology for daily life, physical activity and health information among former cardiac rehabilitation patients in Austria: A cross-sectional survey

Objective Digital health technologies offer great potential to improve access and adherence to cardiovascular disease secondary prevention measures such as regular physical activity (PA). However, the use and perceptions of digital technology (DT) among cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients are not well understood. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the use of DT in former CR patients’ daily lives, for PA and for health information; and to gain insight into patient perceptions of DT for PA, including barriers, facilitators and requested features. Methods A cross-sectional postal survey was conducted between May 2022 and January 2023. Five Austrian CR centres contacted 500 former patients who had completed a phase 2 CR programme from January 2019 onwards. One-hundred seventeen patients (mean [SD] age, 69 ± 10 years, 22% female) responded. Descriptive and thematic analyses were conducted for closed and open-ended questions, respectively. Results Results indicated high DT usage for communication and informational aspects, and to a large extent also for PA and health information seeking. Main facilitators of DT use for PA were attributed to health and behavioural monitoring. Main barriers were lack of perceived need, lack of interest and poor usability. Most frequently requested features included pulse and blood pressure measurement, step count and compatibility to other devices. Conclusions Patients generally used and perceived DT as beneficial in daily life and for secondary prevention purposes such as PA. The survey identified facilitators, barriers and feature requests, which may inform the design and implementation of digital health interventions for CR patients.
The link between Facebook addiction and depression among university students: Evidence from a lower‐middle income country

Among all the social media, Facebook is the most popular social networking site among students. That raises a chance of excessive Facebook usage being a form of addiction to hamper students' mental health. The primary goal of this study was to find the association of Facebook addiction with the depression level of university students during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Adverse event following immunization or vaccination in children in Minas Gerais: 2015 to 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe adverse event following immunization or vaccination in children in Minas Gerais: 2015 to 2020, resulting from immunization errors in children from zero to nine years old. Methods: An ecological, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, based on event notifications available in the National Immunization Program Information System. Results: Among the 39,903,277 doses of immunobiologicals in children aged zero to nine, administered in the state of MG, 3,259 events of types of immunization errors were recorded, around 0.008% of the total and, of these, 91.86% did not result in adverse events and 56.02% were children under one year of age. The most frequent diagnosis was application outside the recommended age (29.12%). Among the manifestations, 71.91% were local and systemic, with fever being the most common (40.85%). Conclusion: The study demonstrated that immunization errors were rare and that most of them were not associated with adverse events, which reinforces the safety of the immunization process. This undoubtedly raises reflection on the need and relevance of continuing education for health professionals.
Prion Protein Overexpression in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs) Effectively Protected Rodent Kidney Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Enhancing ATP/Mitochondrial Biogenesis—Role of ADMSC Rejuvenation and Proliferation

Background: We tested the hypothesis that overexpression of cellular-prion-protein in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PrPCOE-ADMSCs) effectively protected the kidney against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rat. Methods: Part I of cell culture was categorized into A1(ADMSCs)/A2(ADMSCs+p-Cresol)/A3(PrPCOE in ADMSCs)/A4 (PrPCOE in ADMSCs+p-Cresol). Part II of cell culture was divided into B1(ADMSCs)/B2[ADMSCs+lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]/B3(PrPCOE in ADMSCs)/B4(PrPCOE in ADMSCs+LPS). Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 50) were equally categorized into groups 1 (sham-operated-control)/2 (IR)/3 (IR+ADMSCs/6.0 × 105 equally divided into bilateral-renal arteries and 6.0 × 105 intravenous administration by 1 h after IR)/4 [IR+PrPCOE-ADMSCs (identical dosage administered as group 3)]/5 [IR+silencing PRNP -ADMSCs (identical dosage administered as group 3)], and kidneys were harvested post-day 3 IR injury. Results: Part I results demonstrated that the cell viability at 24/48/72 h, BrdU uptake/number of mitDNA/APT concentration/mitochondrial-cytochrome-C+ cells and the protein expressions of ki67/PrPC at 72 h-cell culturing were significantly higher in PrPCOE-ADMSCs than in ADMSCs (all P < 0.001). The protein expressions of oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX2/NOX4/oxidized protein)/mitochondrial-damaged (p22-phox/cytosolic-cytochrome-C)/inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/IL-6)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP) biomarkers were lowest in A1/A3 and significantly higher in A2 than in A4 (all P < 0.001). Part II result showed that the protein expressions of inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/IL-6)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP) biomarkers exhibited an identical pattern of part I among the groups (all P < 0.001). The protein expressions of inflammatory (p-NF-κB/IL-1ß/TNF-α/MMP-9)/oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized-protein)/mitochondrial-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/p22-phox)/apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3/cleaved-PARP/mitochondrial-Bx)/autophagic (beclin-1/ratio of LC3B-II/LC3B-I)/fibrotic (Smad3/TGF-ß) biomarkers and kidney-injury-score/creatinine level were lowest in group 1, highest in group 2, significantly higher in group 5 than in groups 3/4 (all P < 0.0001). Conclusion: PrPCOE in ADMSCs rejuvenated these cells and played a cardinal role on protecting the kidney against IR injury.
Immunological mechanisms of tolerance: Central, peripheral and the role of T and B cells

T and B cells are key components of the adaptive immune system. Through their immune properties and their interactions with other immune cells and cytokines around them, they build a complex network to achieve immune tolerance and maintain homeostasis of the body. This is achieved through mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance, both of which are associated with advantages and disadvantages. For this reason, the immune system is tightly regulated and their dysregulation can result in the subsequent initiation of various diseases. In this review, we will summarize the roles played by T cells and B cells within immune tolerance with specific examples in the context of different diseases that include allergic disease. In addition, we will also provide an overview on their suitability as biomarkers of allergen-specific immunotherapy.