Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Autocorrelation Reflectivity of Mars

The seismic structure of the Martian interior can shed light on the formation and dynamic evolution of the planet and our solar system. The deployment of the seismograph carried by the InSight mission provides a means to study Martian internal structure. We used ambient noise autocorrelation to analyze the available vertical component seismic data to recover the reflectivity beneath the Insight lander. We identify the noise that is approximately periodic with the Martian sol as daily lander operations and the diurnal variation in Martian weather and tides. To investigate the seismic discontinuities at different depths, the autocorrelograms are filtered and stacked into different frequency bands. We observe prominent reflection signals probably corresponding to the Martian Moho, the olivine‐wadsleyite transition in the mantle, and the core‐mantle boundary in the stacked autocorrelograms. We estimate the depths of these boundaries as ~35, 1,110–1,170, and 1,520–1,600 km, consistent with other estimates.
The long-term effects of perceived community disorder and social stigma on depressive symptoms among adolescent school dropouts using multivariate latent growth modeling

The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term effects of perceived community disorder and social stigma on depressive symptoms among adolescent school dropouts. This study used 2–4 wave data of a Longitudinal Survey and Support Plan for Dropouts. Multivariate latent growth modeling indicated that social stigma was associated with greater number of depressive symptoms and had an indirect influence on depressive symptoms through self-esteem. In addition, perceived community disorder was related to greater number of depressive symptoms. Finally, self-esteem was negatively related to depressive symptoms and female adolescents reported more depressive symptoms than male adolescents. This study suggests that policy and social efforts are needed to reduce perceived community disorder and social stigma to prevent the depression in adolescent school dropouts.
Going back to the ballgame: memories of previous baseball experiences

ABSTRACT Research Question: The purpose of this study was to explore sport fans’ memories of previous experiences, ascertaining what fans recalled and the functions memories served. Research Methods: A qualitative research method was employed, with 18 participants participating in semi-structured interviews. Results and Findings: Results exhibited the impact of the sensory experiences, social interaction, identity, and other unique characteristics in contributing to memory, with memories serving positive social, emotional, and psychological benefits. Implications: The findings exhibit event characteristics that contribute to fans’ memory of events, and the impact of recalling these experiences, which yield positive benefits to fans and also may positively impact fans’ team-related behavior. Research Contribution: Understanding the factors that fans later recall of event experiences and the resulting positive benefits can assist both event management decisions as well as post-event communication efforts.
Maritime Education and Training in the Digital Era

As a result of technologic improvement, the shipping is rapidly changing. Digitalization and high level automation lead important changes in the operation of maritime business and subsequently the reconsideration of the role of seafarers. The shipping business becomes more technical and it demands highly skilled and specialized crew ready to embrace continuously evolving technology. The mission of the education institutes is not preparing the people for today but also for future requirements. It requires them to understand effect of digitalization on industry and adopt new programmes as well as benefits from IT technology to improve their teaching and learning methods. It is also necessary to establish a close cooperation and collaboration between industry and education institutes and evaluate missing points in the education system. A teaching system is required to rebound ability to learners to use information and understand abilities of automated systems. Traditional seafarer training is a part of applied science and focus on practical and cognitive skills. But since 1990s seafaring officer training reshaped to cover academic competencies to breed officers endowed with the ability to use highly improved technology. This study discusses how we can improve our education systems to prepare young seafaring officer for the future as well as how we can get benefits from the digitalization to appreciate our teaching and learning activities.
Researching the Impact of the Economic Crisis on Student Life in Greece

The present work explores the views of students in Greek Universities who have been impacted by the economic crisis in Greece since 2009. In the theoretical part, the economic crisis is considered a violent change that tends to be incorporated permanently into socio-economic life, affecting public expenditure in tertiary education as well as family income and expenditure. These developments harm university studies, student life, and expectations of graduates for their future. The theoretical part ends with the formulation of three research axes about the extent to which the economic crisis affects (a) the socio-economic environment and family spending, (b) students’ life at the university, and (c) students’ perception of their future. In the empirical part, a series of questions along these axes are investigated quantitatively, through descriptive statistics using a questionnaire specially constructed for this research, which addressed to students. The sample comprised 300 university students. Their views seem to primarily support the hypothesis of the negative impacts of the economic crisis on families, studies, and expectations. The study ends with suggestions for further research. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19. 7.8
A description of students’ commenting behaviours in an online blogging activity

Student-student interaction can benefit learning as well as provide a sense of community in online courses. Blogging is a common approach to provide opportunities for students to communicate with each other. This study used Social Network Analysis to depict commenting behaviour between students in an online graduate-level course. By examining the weekly interaction data, the results revealed how students’ commenting behaviours changed during the semester. Student participation and interaction in the blogging activity was influenced by the various pedagogical elements that were either directly or indirectly related to the blogging activity.
The paradox of constant oceanic plastic debris: evidence for evolved microbial biodegradation?

Although the presence of vast amounts of plastic in the open ocean has generated great concern due to its potential ecological consequences, recent studies reveal that its measured abundance is much smaller than expected. Regional and global studies indicate that the difference between expected and actual estimates is enormous, suggesting that a large part of the plastic has been degraded by either physical and biotic processes. A paradoxical observation is the lack of a trend in plastic accumulation found in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre, despite the rapid increase in plastic production and disposal. In this paper we show, using mathematical and computer models, that this observation could be explained by the nonlinear coupling between plastic (as a resource) and an evolved set of organisms (the consumers) capable of degrading it. The result is derived using two different resource-consumer mathematical approaches as well as a spatially-dependent plastic-microbial model incorporating a minimal hydrodynamical coupling with a two-dimensional fluid. The potential consequences of the evolution of marine plastic garbage and its removal are outlined.
Point-Cloud Models of Historical Barns – Spatial Discrepancies of Laser Scanning versus Robotic Total Station

This study considers the generation of virtual, 3D point-cloud models of seven deteriorating historical, agricultural barns in Bulloch County, Georgia, USA, for preservation purposes. The work was completed as a service-learning project in a course on Terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (T-LiDAR), offered at Georgia Southern University. The resulting models and fly-through videos were donated to Bulloch County Historical Society and to the Georgia Southern Museum, to make them available to the general public and future generations. Additionally, one of the seven barns was selected to be extensively measured to estimate the relative spatial accuracy of all seven resulting 3D point-cloud models, with respect to measurements completed with a highly accurate instrument. Three accurate benchmarks were established around it for georeferencing purposes. The positions of 44 points were measured in the field via an accurate, onesecond, robotic total-station (RTS) instrument. Also, the coordinates of the same points were acquired from within georeferenced and non-georeferenced point-cloud models. These points defined 259 distances. They were compared to determine their discrepancy statistics. It was observed that this process produced virtual models with an approximate maximum spatial discrepancy of one-half inch (0.5 in) with respect to measurements performed by a highly accurate RTS device. There were no substantial differences in the relative accuracies of the georeferenced and non-georeferenced models.
Clinical profile of pediatric patients with tuberculosis in a tertiary care centre in India

Each year around 8 million people worldwide develop TB. Of these 95% cases are in the developing countries. Childhood TB has been neglected in the global efforts to control TB. This neglect is because childhood TB is considered to be rarely contagious and difficult to diagnose due to less sputum production and low acid fast bacilli positivity in children. Thus the data available is usually an underestimation of the actual burden of TB in children.
Micro-economic effects of public funds on enterprises in Hungary

ABSTRACT To enhance the effectiveness of and return on public investments, using financial instruments in addition to grants has lately become an increasingly preferred policy instrument choice in Central and Eastern Europe. The paper examines the impact different financial tools bring about at a micro-level. This enables recommendations for policy-makers to be produced on the type of assistance that could be of best use to improve access to finance for micro-, small and medium-sized enterprises, and thus achieve long-term, sustainable economic growth. The analysis is based on counterfactual evaluation and difference-in-differences. The findings indicate that the use of European Union funds (both grants and financial instruments) has a beneficial influence on employment and sales. However, the results also illustrate that in order to achieve the goal of higher impact and certain productivity effects, subsidies should be allocated to the initially less productive small firms in the less developed regions. Another important outcome is that, to some extent, financing through financial instruments has more direct relevance to advanced productivity, and due to their revolving nature, they generate more positive impact on the Hungarian economy than do grants.
The Art of “iWar”: Disinformation Campaign as a Strategy of Informational Autocracy Promotion

This study aims to investigate the global pattern of social media disinformation dissemination among regimes. We assume that autocracies adopting Internet censorship and spreading disinformation online to domestic population are more probable to apply Internet disinformation to attack their neighboring democracies than neighboring autocracies for their geopolitical interests. The autocracy promotion hypothesis is confirmed by the database integrated from the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Digital Society Project (DSP) dataset (2000~2018) released in 2019. We also integrated socio-economic variables from different data sources from 137 countries to test the other hypotheses of domestic conditions facilitating the spread of Internet disinformation. Our empirical evidences show that democracies with a neighboring autocracy that adopted higher degree of Internet capacity would expose to higher risk suffering from foreign disinformation than other countries. In addition, the lower educational level of population, and the greater Internet coverage increase the possibility of disinformation campaign from abroad.
Atomic Data for Plasma Spectroscopy: The CHIANTI Database, Improvements and Challenges

CHIANTI is an atomic database and software package for modeling emission lines and continua from hot astrophysical plasmas. It is freely available to all researchers and has been widely used in the Heliophysics and Astrophysics communities for almost 25 years. In this review, we summarize the properties of the current version of the database and give an overview of the relevant atomic processes. We also discuss progress towards a complete implementation of collisional-radiative modeling, simultaneously solving for atomic level and ion populations for individual elements.
Phenology, leaf area index and grain yield of rainfed wheat influenced by organic and inorganic fertilizer.

Phenology, leaf area index and grain yield are the most important traits affected by fertilizer under rainfed condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various levels of inorganic fertilizers (NPK) in combination with organic fertilizer in the form of farmyard manure (FYM) on phenology, leaf area index and grain yield of wheat under rainfed condition. Wheat variety Haider-2000 was planted during 2003-2004 and 2004-05 under rainfed condition at Cereal Crops Research Institute Pirsabak, KPK in randomized complete block (RCB) design with split plot arrangement replicated four times. Four levels of FYM (0, 15, 30 and 45 t ha) were allotted to main plots, while nine combinations of NPK (0, 40-30-30, 40-30-60, 40-60-30, 40-60-60, 80-3030, 80-30-60, 80-60-30 and 80-60-60 kg NPK ha) were allotted to sub plots. Different levels of NPK and FYM alone or in combination had significant effect on tillers m, days to 50% heading, days to maturity, leaf area index, plant height and grain yield. Maximum tillers m (330), days to 50 % heading (117), days to maturity (151.1), plant height (82.4) and grain yield (2505 kg ha) were recorded at 80-60-60 kg NPK ha. Maximum leaf area index (2.50) was recorded at 80-60-30 kg ha, while minimum leaf area index (2.23) was found at low level of 40-30-30 kg NPK ha. Farmyard manure at 45 t ha produced maximum tillers m (318), while maximum grain yield (2470 kg ha) was recorded at 30 t FYM ha. It is concluded that both inorganic and organic fertilizers alone or in combination increased grain yield and other parameters of wheat, however maximum grain yield was recorded at 80-60-60 kg NPK ha and 30t FYM ha.
Weed community trajectories in cereal and willow cultivations after termination of a willow short rotation coppice

According to guidelines for willow short rotation coppice (SRC), weeding is needed during establishment, while weed populations which develop later under a well-established willow canopy do not require control. However, farmers are concerned that weeds which develop in SRC may result in long-lasting weed infestations in succeeding crops after SRC termination. We assessed the effects of two SRC-termination methods (with shallow and deep soil cultivation) on the development of the weed flora in a cereal system (CS) and in SRC during six seasons. Richness, ground cover, life-cycle strategy and composition of the weed species, and their environmental requirements (inferred from Ellenberg index) were evaluated. SRC-termination method had no effect on the weed community trajectories in the succeeding SRC and CS. However, cropping system and growing season had significant impacts on species richness, ground cover and composition of the weed flora. Differences in weed communities over time and between cropping systems were related to the impact of cropping systems on factors such as light, soil moisture, nitrogen level, and soil reaction, as inferred from the Ellenberg index. After termination of the old willow cultivation, the weed flora of the SRC and CS rapidly diverged and approached the weed flora characteristic for old willow stands and non-weeded old cereal plot, respectively. We conclude that willow stands can be converted, regardless of termination method, either into willow or cereal cultivations without additional risk of weed infestations other than those specific for their respective cropping systems. Furthermore, willow cultivations in agriculture contribute to floristic diversity at the landscape scale.
Post-Cold War sanctioning by the EU, the UN, and the US: Introducing the EUSANCT Dataset

The European Union, the United Nations, and the United States frequently use economic sanctions. This article introduces the EUSANCT Dataset—which amends, merges, and updates some of the most widely used sanctions databases—to trace the evolution of sanctions after the Cold War. The dataset contains case-level and dyadic information on 326 threatened and imposed sanctions by the EU, the UN, and the US. We show that the usage and overall success of sanctions have not grown from 1989 to 2015 and that while the US is the most active sanctioner, the EU and the UN appear more successful.
Physiological criteria of functional fitness and determinants of physical work capacity of highly skilled wrestlers

Background and Study Aim. The objective of the work is to study the key factors of highly skilled wrestler fitness structure determining the level of their functional state and physical work capacity at the stage of maximum realization of individual capacities. Material and methods. 45 highly skilled wrestlers aged 19-27 years, members of the national teams of Ukraine in freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling were examined. 27 athletes of student age (19-24 years-old), among them were 23 students and postgraduate. Instrumental research methods were used to record indices of functional fitness (FF) and physical work capacity of wrestlers while performing a specialized test with throws of a partner and a block of testing physical loads on a bicycle ergometer. Results. It was revealed that among factors determining the structure of wrestlers' fitness, the integral factor of FF general level (31.13% of the total variance) has the greatest impact on the variability of physical work capacity indices of athletes. Increase in skill level of wrestlers is associated with decreased time of performing throws in a specialized test, increased relative values of lactate power, O2-debt, general level of FF, O2 consumption per 1 kg of body mass. Improvement of wrestler FF structure along with an increase in their skill level is characterized by higher contribution of FF integral parameters (anaerobic power, mobility of physiological reactions, FF general level) to the manifestation of physical work capacity. It was revealed that the general level of FF of wrestlers is characterized by the following ratio of key factors (relative to model values of elite athletes): anaerobic power - 52.6 ± 4.9%, aerobic power - 52.8 ± 4,1%, mobility - 80.4 ± 5.3%, economy - 43.3 ± 3.0%. In the course of studies, mathematical models of the key factors of wrestler FF structure associations with the level of special work capacity, skill level and weight category have been developed. Modeling allowed to specify the criteria and develop scales for assessing special physical work capacity level, differentiated according to skill level and weight category groups of highly skilled wrestlers. Conclusions. The findings reflect the crucial role of anaerobic energy supply mechanisms in the manifestation of high special work capacity in wrestling. Improvement of wrestler FF structure along with the increase of their skills is characterized by a decrease in the number of key functional parameters determining the level of physical work capacity during testing with loads that model specific activity of highly skilled wrestlers. This, along with body functions economization, is one of the important criteria for improving FF structure of the combat athletes.
Biomaterial strategies for improved intra-articular drug delivery.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint degenerative disease that has become one of the leading causes of disability in the world. It is estimated that OA affects 50 million adults in the U.S.A. Currently, there are no FDA-approved treatments that slow OA progression and its treatment is limited to pain management strategies and life style changes. Despite the discovery of several disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) and promising results in pre-clinical studies, their clinical translation has been significantly limited because of poor intra-articular (IA) bioavailability and challenges in delivering these compounds to tissues of interest within the joint. Here, we review current OA treatments and their effectiveness at reducing joint pain, as well as novel targets for OA treatment and the challenges related to their clinical translation. Moreover, we discuss intra-articular (IA) drug delivery as a promising route of administration, describe its inherent challenges, and review recent advances in biomaterial-based IA drug delivery for OA treatment. Finally, we highlight the potential of tissue targeting in the development of effective IA drug delivery systems. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Conflict Resolution Style and Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Among Young Adults Who are Dating

This study aims to empirically examine the correlation between conflict resolution style and romantic relationship satisfaction among young adults who are dating. This study involved 200 young adults as participants. The adapted and modified Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) and Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II (ROCI-II) were used to measure the constructs. The results of the analysis using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation showed that the four dimensions of conflict resolution style weresignificantly correlated with romantic relationship satisfaction. Integrating, obliging and compromising were positively correlated with romantic relationship satisfaction and dominating was negatively correlated, while avoiding was notsignificantlycorrelatedwith romantic relationship satisfactio