Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
User acceptance of new technology in mandatory adoption scenario for food distribution in India.

Ubiquitous utilization of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has led the governments of various countries to use ICTs in public administration and social welfare initiatives. Direct use of e-governance technology by citizens in developing countries is hindered by lack of training, education and infrastructure. This makes it inevitable to employ intermediary users who can bridge this gap between technology use and beneficiaries. Analyzing the technology adoption behavior of intermediaries could help policy makers and designers of e-governance technologies to create devices, processes and training programs that target the factors that inhibit as well as encourage the use of ICTs among technology users. We study the effect of technology characteristics and users’ internal traits on technology satisfaction of intermediaries who are mandated by the government to use android tablets in order to provide efficient services to end-users in the Indian food security supply chain. We further translate the results into tangible recommendations in context of infrastructure, users’ traits, business performance, and technology and policy design. The research model proposes that certain technology characteristics (screen design, technology relevance and terminology) and users’ internal traits (resistance to change, technology anxiety, trust in internet and result demonstrability) influence their technology satisfaction, either directly or indirectly through UTAUT constructs. Results indicated that resistance to change, technology anxiety, trust in internet, screen design and terminology had an impact on ICT users’ technology adoption behavior. Result demonstrability and technology relevance were found to have no effect on technology satisfaction in case of mandatory use.
Cumulative Live Birth Rates Following Stimulation With Corifollitropin Alfa Compared With hp-hMG in a GnRH Antagonist Protocol in Poor Ovarian Responders

Background: Bologna criteria poor ovarian responders have a very low prognosis. Although, it has been proposed that LH supplementation could be beneficial in women with previous hypo-response to FSH. There are no studies comparing the cumulative live birth rates (LBRs) between corifollitropin alfa (CFA) and highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin (hp-hMG). Objective: To compare cumulative LBRs in Bologna poor ovarian responders undergoing ovarian stimulation with CFA followed by hp-hMG vs. hp-hMG alone in a GnRH antagonist protocol. Design: This is a retrospective cohort study. We included in total 917 poor responders fulfilling the Bologna criteria for poor ovarian response (POR) at a university-affiliated tertiary center from January 2011 until March 2017. Patients were administered either fixed daily doses of 300–450 IU of hp-hMG (group A) or a single dose of 150 μg of CFA followed by daily injections of ≥300 IU of hp-hMG from Day 8 of stimulation until the day of ovulation trigger (group B), in a fixed GnRH antagonist protocol. Results: LBRs after fresh embryo transfer (ET) were similar in group A 71/510 (14%) and B 42/407 (10%). Cumulative LBR per cycle was significantly higher in group A (16.9%) compared to group B (11.8%); (P = 0.03). However, logistic regression analysis showed no association between the type of gonadotropin administered and cumulative LBR. Only age was significantly associated with cumulative LBR (OR = 0.93, P = 0.007). Conclusion: Cumulative LBRs are similar in Bologna poor responders stimulated with CFA followed by hp-hMG compared to hp-hMG monotreatment in an antagonist protocol.
Increased Hunger, Food Cravings, Food Reward, and Portion Size Selection after Sleep Curtailment in Women Without Obesity

This study examined the effects of one night of sleep curtailment on hunger, food cravings, food reward, and portion size selection. Women who reported habitually sleeping 7–9 h per night, were aged 18–55, were not obese, and had no sleep disorders were recruited. Sleep conditions in this randomized crossover study consisted of a normal night (NN) and a curtailed night (CN) where time in bed was reduced by 33%. Hunger, tiredness, sleep quality, sleepiness, and food cravings were measured. A progressive ratio task using chocolates assessed the food reward. Participants selected portions of various foods that reflected how much they wanted to eat at that time. The sleep duration was measured using a single-channel electroencephalograph. Twenty-four participants completed the study. The total sleep time was shorter during the CN (p < 0.001). Participants reported increased hunger (p = 0.013), tiredness (p < 0.001), sleepiness (p < 0.001), and food cravings (p = 0.002) after the CN. More chocolate was consumed after the CN (p = 0.004). Larger portion sizes selected after the CN resulted in increased energy plated for lunch (p = 0.034). In conclusion, the present study observed increased hunger, food cravings, food reward, and portion sizes of food after a night of modest sleep curtailment. These maladaptive responses could lead to higher energy intake and, ultimately, weight gain.
Amplifying magnetic fields of a newly born neutron star by stochastic angular momentum accretion in core collapse supernovae

I present a novel mechanism to boost magnetic field amplification of newly born neutron stars in core collapse supernovae. In this mechanism, that operates in the jittering jets explosion mechanism and comes on top of the regular magnetic field amplification by turbulence, the accretion of stochastic angular momentum in core collapse supernovae forms a neutron star with strong initial magnetic fields but with a slow rotation. The varying angular momentum of the accreted gas, which is unique to the jittering jets explosion mechanism, exerts a varying azimuthal shear on the magnetic fields of the accreted mass near the surface of the neutron star. This, I argue, can form an amplifying effect which I term the stochastic omega (Sω) effect. In the common αω dynamo the rotation has constant direction and value, and hence supplies a constant azimuthal shear, while the convection has a stochastic behavior. In the Sω dynamo the stochastic angular momentum is different from turbulence in that it operates on a large scale, and it is different from a regular rotational shear in being stochastic. The basic assumption is that because of the varying direction of the angular momentum axis from one accretion episode to the next, the rotational flow of an accretion episode stretches the magnetic fields that were amplified in the previous episode. I estimate the amplification factor of the Sω dynamo alone to be ≈ 10. I speculate that the Sω effect accounts for a recent finding that many neutron stars are born with strong magnetic fields.
Imaging the Renner–Teller effect using laser-induced electron diffraction

Significance Laser-induced electron diffraction is a molecular-scale electron microscopy that captures clean snapshots of a molecule’s geometry with subatomic picometer and attosecond spatiotemporal resolution. We induce and unambiguously identify the stretching and bending of a linear triatomic molecule following the excitation of the molecule to an excited electronic state with a bent and stretched geometry. We show that we can directly retrieve the structure of electronically excited molecules that is otherwise possible through indirect retrieval methods such as pump–probe and rotational spectroscopy measurements. Structural information on electronically excited neutral molecules can be indirectly retrieved, largely through pump–probe and rotational spectroscopy measurements with the aid of calculations. Here, we demonstrate the direct structural retrieval of neutral carbonyl disulfide (CS2) in the B∼1B2 excited electronic state using laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED). We unambiguously identify the ultrafast symmetric stretching and bending of the field-dressed neutral CS2 molecule with combined picometer and attosecond resolution using intrapulse pump–probe excitation and measurement. We invoke the Renner–Teller effect to populate the B∼1B2 excited state in neutral CS2, leading to bending and stretching of the molecule. Our results demonstrate the sensitivity of LIED in retrieving the geometric structure of CS2, which is known to appear as a two-center scatterer.
Asymmetry cointegration and the J-curve: new evidence from Africa

Purpose - The purpose is to assess the asymmetric effects of exchange rate changes on the trade balance using data from African nations. Design/methodology/approach - The methodology is based on the most recent development in asymmetry cointegration and error-correction modeling. Findings - While the authors find short-run asymmetric effects in many of the countries in their sample, asymmetry cointegration yields support for the new definition of the J-curve in Algeria, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Morocco, Tanzania and Zambia. Originality/value - This is the first study that applies nonlinear ARDL approach of Shin
Derivatization of Rosmarinic Acid Enhances its in vitro Antitumor, Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Properties

On its own, rosmarinic acid possesses multiple biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective and antitumor properties, and these are the consequence of its ROS scavenging and inhibitory effect on inflammation. In this study, two quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid were prepared for the purpose of increasing its penetration into biological systems with the aim of improving its antimicrobial, antifungal, antiprotozoal and antitumor activity. The synthetized molecules, the triphenylphosphonium and tricyclohexylphosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid, exhibited significantly stronger inhibitory effects on the growth of HCT116 cells with IC50 values of 7.28 or 8.13 μM in comparison to the initial substance, rosmarinic acid (>300 μM). For the synthesized derivatives, we detected a greater than three-fold increase of activity against Acanthamoeba quina, and a greater than eight-fold increase of activity against A. lugdunensis in comparison to rosmarinic acid. Furthermore, we recorded significantly higher antimicrobial activity of the synthetized derivatives when compared to rosmarinic acid itself. Both synthetized quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid appear to be promising antitumor and antimicrobial agents, as well as impressive molecules for further research.
Lean thinking in healthcare – review and current situation in Croatia

Lean thinking was first introduced in production (mainly in the automotive) sector but its use has spread into the service sectors. Its benefits are well known worldwide and if implemented and used correctly, companies can improve their effectiveness and gain and/or maintain competitiveness. Recently, lean thinking has started being implemented and used in healthcare to accelerate flow in processes, reduce waste in processes and improve the quality of services for “users”. The main goal of the paper is to provide a literature review on lean thinking in healthcare worldwide. The review is showing the methods and trends in lean healthcare and some of the most successful implementations. Based on the presented worldwide examples, this paper will try to present a potential for the lean implementation in Croatian healthcare institutions and present potential benefits of the application. Based on the research results, this paper gives suggestions for further research on this interesting and important topic.
Risk factors for low birth weight in hospitals of North Wello zone, Ethiopia: A case-control study

Background Low birth weight at birth is an important underlying contributor for neonatal and infant mortality. It accounts for nearly half of all perinatal deaths. Identifying predictors of low birth weight is the first essential step in designing appropriate management strategies. Hence, this study aimed to identify risk factors for low birth weight in hospitals of northeastern Ethiopia. Methods An institution based case-control study design was conducted from 10th April to 15th December 2016. Three hundred sixty mother-infant pairs (120 low birth weight babies as cases and 240 normal birth weights as controls) were included in the study. Data were collected by face-to-face interview. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were computed to examine the effect of independent variables on outcome variable using SPSS 20.0. Variables with p-value <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean (±SD) gestational age and birth weight (±SD) were 39.2 (±1.38) weeks and 2800 (±612), grams respectively. Partner’s education/being illiterate (AOR: 4.09; 95% CI 1.45, 11.50), antenatal care visit at private health institutions (AOR: 0.13; 95% CI 0.02, 0.66), having history of obstetric complications (AOR: 5.70; 95% CI 2.38, 13.63), maternal weight during pregnancy (AOR: 4.04; 95% CI 1.50, 10.84) and gravidity (AOR: 0.36; 95% CI 0.18, 0.73) were significantly associated with low birth weight. Additionally, a site for water storage and water treatment were significant environmental factors. Conclusion Maternal weight during pregnancy, paternal education, previous obstetric complication and place of antenatal follow-up were associated with low birth weight. The risk factors identified in this study are preventable. Thus, nutritional counseling, health education on improvement of lifestyle and early recognition and treatment of complications are the recommended interventions.
Characterization and Function of Two Short Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins Involved in the Immunity of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)

Peptidoglycans (PGNs) are major bacterial components recognized by the immune systems of insects and mammals. PGN recognition proteins (PGRPs) are widely distributed and highly conserved in vertebrates and invertebrates. PGRPs are a family of pattern recognition receptors that recognize peptidoglycan and regulate immune responses. In this study, we cloned two PGRP genes (BdPGRP-SA and BdPGRP-SD) from Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), which encode 192 and 196 amino acid residues, respectively. Both genes were highly expressed in adults, especially in the fat body and midgut. These two genes were up-regulated when challenged by the immune triggers, PGN-EB (Escherichia coli O111:B4) and PGN-SA (Staphylococcus aureus). The suppression of transcriptional expression of either gene by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in increased sensitivities to Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus PGNs. Suppression of BdPGRP-SA and -SD expression by RNAi resulted in weak expressions of four antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) upon injected with E. coli or S. aureus. BdPGRP-SA and -SD are involved in recognizing both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria independently to activate the downstream AMP’s response to bacterial infection.
Relative Abundance of Transcripts ( RATs): Identifying differential isoform abundance from RNA-seq

The biological importance of changes in RNA expression is reflected by the wide variety of tools available to characterise these changes from RNA-seq data. Several tools exist for detecting differential transcript isoform usage (DTU) from aligned or assembled RNA-seq data, but few exist for DTU detection from alignment-free RNA-seq quantifications. We present the RATs, an R package that identifies DTU transcriptome-wide directly from transcript abundance estimates. RATs is unique in applying bootstrapping to estimate the reliability of detected DTU events and shows good performance at all replication levels (median false positive fraction < 0.05). We compare RATs to two existing DTU tools, DRIM-Seq & SUPPA2, using two publicly available simulated RNA-seq datasets and a published human RNA-seq dataset, in which 248 genes have been previously identified as displaying significant DTU. RATs with default threshold values on the simulated Human data has a sensitivity of 0.55, a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.71 and a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.04, outperforming both other tools. Applying the same thresholds for SUPPA2 results in a higher sensitivity (0.61) but poorer FDR performance (0.33). RATs and DRIM-seq use different methods for measuring DTU effect-sizes complicating the comparison of results between these tools, however, for a likelihood-ratio threshold of 30, DRIM-Seq has similar FDR performance to RATs (0.06), but worse sensitivity (0.47). These differences persist for the simulated drosophila dataset. On the published human RNA-seq dataset the greatest agreement between the tools tested is 53%, observed between RATs and SUPPA2. The bootstrapping quality filter in RATs is responsible for removing the majority of DTU events called by SUPPA2 that are not reported by RATs. All methods, including the previously published qRT-PCR of three of the 248 detected DTU events, were found to be sensitive to annotation differences between Ensembl v60 and v87.
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide—A Neuropeptide as Novel Treatment Option for Subacute Ileitis in Mice Harboring a Human Gut Microbiota

The neuropeptide Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is well-known for its important functions in immunity and inflammation. Data regarding anti-inflammatory properties of PACAP in the intestinal tract are limited, however. In our present preclinical intervention study we addressed whether PACAP treatment could alleviate experimental subacute ileitis mimicking human gut microbiota conditions. Therefore, secondary abioitic mice were subjected to human fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and perorally infected with low-dose Toxoplasma gondii to induce subacute ileitis on day 0. From day 3 until day 8 post-infection, mice were either treated with synthetic PACAP38 or placebo. At day 9 post-infection, placebo, but not PACAP treated mice exhibited overt macroscopic sequelae of intestinal immunopathology. PACAP treatment further resulted in less distinct apoptotic responses in ileal and colonic epithelia that were accompanied by lower T cell numbers in the mucosa and lamina propria and less secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in intestinal ex vivo biopsies. Notably, ileitis-associated gut microbiota shifts were less distinct in PACAP as compared to placebo treated mice. Inflammation-ameliorating effects of PACAP were not restricted to the intestines, but could also be observed in extra-intestinal including systemic compartments as indicated by lower apoptotic cell counts and less pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in liver and lungs taken from PACAP treated as compared to placebo control mice, which also held true for markedly lower serum TNF and IL-6 concentrations in the former as compared to the latter. Our preclinical intervention study provides strong evidence that synthetic PACAP alleviates subacute ileitis and extra-intestinal including systemic sequelae of T cell-driven immunopathology. These findings further support PACAP as a novel treatment option for intestinal inflammation including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
Weak units, universal cells, and coherence via universality for bicategories

In a polycategory or multicategory, the existence of enough cells that satisfy certain divisibility properties (representability) induces a coherent algebraic structure on the category of single-input, single-output cells. This was used by Hermida to produce a new proof of strictification for monoidal categories; working with the poly-bicategories of Cockett, Koslowski, and Seely, it could be extended to strictification for bicategories. While the basic strategy seems generalisable, no full strictification is possible for higher-dimensional categories, seemingly due to problems with cells that have degenerate, strictly lower-dimensional boundaries. It was conjectured by C. Simpson that a semi-strictification excluding weak units may be possible. In this article, we introduce a notion of regular poly-bicategory, where 2-cells with degenerate boundaries are barred, and show that we can recover the coherent structure of a bicategory through a different construction of weak units, inspired by the Saavedra units of J. Kock. We prove that the existence of these weak units is equivalent to the existence of 1-cells satisfying lower-dimensional divisibility properties, and study the relation between preservation of units and preservation of divisible cells by a morphism. Then, we introduce merge-bicategories, a variant of poly-bicategories which admits a natural monoidal closed structure, giving access to higher morphisms. We derive equivalences between morphisms, transformations, and modifications of representable merge-bicategories and the corresponding notions for bicategories. Finally, we prove a semi-strictification theorem for representable merge-bicategories with a choice of composites and units. This is meant as a first step towards a proof of C. Simpson's conjecture; we sketch higher-dimensional analogues of most constructions involved.
The Link Between Creativity, Cognition, and Creative Drives and Underlying Neural Mechanisms

Having a creative mind is one of the gateways for achieving fabulous success and remarkable progress in professional, personal and social life. Therefore, a better understanding of the neural correlates and the underlying neural mechanisms related to creative ideation is crucial and valuable. However, the current literature on neural systems and circuits underlying creative cognition, and on how creative drives such as motivation, mood states, and reward could shape our creative mind through the associated neuromodulatory systems [i.e., the dopaminergic (DA), the noradrenergic (NE) and the serotonergic (5-HT) system] seems to be insufficient to explain the creative ideation and production process. One reason might be that the mentioned systems and processes are usually investigated in isolation and independent of each other. Through this review, we aim at advancing the current state of knowledge by providing an integrative view on the interactions between neural systems underlying the creative cognition and the creative drive and associated neuromodulatory systems (see Figure 1).
Treatment of bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with systemic insecticides for the management of Cerotoma arcuata (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation has great agricultural and food importance, but this crop production is generally affected by severe infestations of Cerotoma arcuata (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the northern region of Brazil. An alternative for leaf beetle control is the use of physiological insecticides acting in the initial phase of plant growth, through pre-sowing seed treatment. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of systemic insecticides, based on thiamethoxam, imidacloprid and fipronil, on the germination performance of bean seeds, and to verify the efficacy of these insecticides on the control of C. arcuata . The research was carried out in two stages. Initially, under laboratory conditions, the influence of the insecticides on the germinating power of seeds was evaluated through the following parameters: germination, emergence, electrical conductivity and dry mass of the aerial part. In the field, the efficacy of the insecticides on the plant stand, number of insects per plant and level of foliar damage at 21 and 28 days of planting were evaluated. The insecticides investigated did not affect the germinating power of seeds when compared to the control. Regarding field results, there was a lower incidence of C. arcuata and less leaf damage to plants from seeds treated with systemic insecticides, showing greater crop protection in the period studied.