Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic detection of some virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from recurrent urinary tract infection patients

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are health growing problem in patients attending some hospitals in worldwide, to shed light on this subject, present study was done to detect some virulence factors of E. coli isolated from patients with recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI) This study included 130 patients with RUTI, and 50 healthy persons as a control of both genders (aged 6-70 years) attending Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital in Al-Kut/Wassite governorate and Al-Harery Teaching Hospital of specialized surgeries/Baghdad during beginning of September 2009 to end of April 2011. Intracellular bacterial communities (ICBC) (namely E.coli) was isolated from (68/130) 53% from patients with RUTI. These bacteria showed differences in response to antibiotics which was used for treatment, Ciprofloxin, Amikacin and Gentamicin provide good efficacy against E.coli isolated from patients with recurrent UTI. Results of phenotipical studies on virulence factors of E.coli the revealed that 50% of RUTI isolates produced P-fimbria, 10.3% with S-fimbria, 36.8% have Dr-fimbria, 78% have type 1 fimbria and 22.1% of them produced aerobactin and all isolates gave negative results for hemolysin production.
The Movement of Postcolonialism by Kiai Sholeh Darat Against the Dutch Colonialism (Study of Social-Religious Decolonization in Java 19th and 20th Century)

This study discusses the postcolonial movement of Kyai Sholeh Darat in fighting Dutch colonialism at the end of the 19-20 centuries. This study is interesting because so far there has been a physical resistance movement against colonial figures. This study finds Kyai Sholeh's postcolonial movement through his cultural approach. Methodologically, this research is included in the library research category to produce historical research studies based on postcolonial movements carried out by Kiai Sholeh Darat. From this it was found that the movement culture of Kiai Sholeh Darat in post-Java War 19th and early 20th century Java seen as a postcolonial spirit and identity, with evidence showing a tendency towards a series of domination colonial regime in various lines of life of the Javanese people. cultural movement Kiai Sholeh Darat reflects the identity of the postcolonial movement through movement literacy which is manifested by publishing writings in the pegon script and translating the Qur’an into Javanese as a form of resistanceagainst the colonial project that seeks to separate Java from Islam. Kyai Sholeh also carry out kyai regeneration as a form of forming religious cadres and nationalist and conducts education for the Javanese people with da'wa from village or city in Java.
Modeling of Critical Threshold of Preference for Collusion (C.T.P.C.) and Cost Structure in Tunisian Mobile Market

We present in this paper a modeling of the critical threshold of preference for collusion (C.T.P.C.) in different market structure using the interconnection fees and their marginal cost, in a Cournot competition. The objective is to compare the preference for collusion regarding this threshold in market structures and within two contexts: linear interconnection costs and quadratic ones. Collusion is more difficult in private duopoly that in a mixed one. This difficulty is increased with linear cost structure than quadratic costs. The findings we obtain from the application of our results to the Tunisian mobile market between (2002-2019) are consistent with our theoretical model.
Over‐Winter Channel Bed Temperature Regimes Generated by Contrasting Snow Accumulation in a High Arctic River

We report experimental results of near‐surface winter temperatures along and adjacent to the channel bed of a High Arctic river on Melville Island, Canada. Temperature loggers 5 cm below the ground surface in areas where the terrain suggests varying snow accumulation patterns revealed that the maximum winter difference between air and near‐surface temperatures ranged from 0 to +30°C during the winter of 2012–13, and that shallow near‐surface freezing conditions were delayed for up to 21 days in some locations. Cooling to ‐10°C was delayed for up to 117 days. Modelled temperature at the top of permafrost indicates that permafrost at locations with thick snow can be up to 8°C warmer than those with thin snow. This thermal evidence for an ameliorated surface environment indicates the potential for substantial extended microbial and biogeochemical cycling during early winter. Rapid thaw of the bed during initiation of snowmelt in spring also indicates a high degree of hydrological connectivity. Therefore, snow‐filled channels may contribute to biogeochemical and aquatic cycling in High Arctic rivers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overweight in Relation to Dental Caries in Primary and Permanent Teeth among Children Aged 7-9 years in Wassit Governorate- Iraq

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between overweight and dental caries in primary and permanent teeth among Iraqi children aged 7-9 years of both genders in Wassit Governorate . The sample was collected during a period started from 1/ September to 1/November 2010. The weight and height of children were measured using Electronic Body Scale and BMI was calculated to each child in this study. In the present study, it was found that percent of overweight and obesity was 6% and it increased with age. Results showed the mean of DMFT for overweight children was (1.4±1.38) while for normal weight children was (1.29±1.42) and the mean of dmft for overweight children was (4.52 ± 2.51) compared to (4.27 ± 2.56) for normal weight school children. In addition, it was found that prevalence of dental caries in overweight children was 100% and 60% for primary and permanent dentitions, respectively and the prevalence in normal weight was 92.8% and 53.6% for primary and permanent dentitions, respectively. Statistical analysis showed no significant association between overweight and dental caries in primary and permanent teeth. It was concluded that overweight school children had higher mean dental caries scores( DMFT and dmft) and higher prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth than normal weight school children but there was no significant association between overweight and dental caries prevalence and severity.
Fluvial history of the Vecht-Amstel area in the Holocene: Interdisciplinary collaborations, controversies and progress

The history of the Amstel and Vecht rivers in the central part of the Netherlands during the Holocene has been debated for a considerable time (Bos et al., 2009; De Bont, 1994, 2000, 2008; De Bont & Kleij, 2012; De Gans, 2011; De Gans & Bunnik, 2011, 2012). Many publications in different disciplines have made their contribution to solve issues such as initiation and cessation of river flow, different and opposing river flow directions, and different chronologies.
Skills and Cities: Implications of location preferences of highly educated workers for spatial development of metropolitan areas

Creative industries have become fundamental in signalling the economic wellbeing of cities and urban regions. Workers who are attracted to the sector tend to have strong preferences when it comes to the neighbourhoods they want to live in, with factors such as job availability and urban amenities playing a large part in their decision. Skills and Cities analyses these factors and looks at the implications for urban and regional policy across a range of European cities. Drawing conclusions from the Netherlands and Scandinavian cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, this book sheds new light on the debate about the importance of jobs and urban amenities for attracting high-skilled employees. This edited collection brings together international literature and individual residential experiences from different cities, presenting policy simulations and highlighting the differences between urban and suburban groups. Subsequent chapters discuss the location preference and settlement process of international migrants and students in an attempt to understand what it is that attracts highly-skilled workers to a particular area. This book concludes by expertly drawing together the key issues surrounding the residential behaviour of highly educated workers and students. This collection will be of interest to researchers and policy makers in urban planning, as well as Postgraduate students researching housing preferences.
Integration of Ethnomathematics Teaching Materials in Mathematics Learning in Elementary School

Objective: This research serves as a preliminary study to outline the framework and projection of ethnomathematics studies, particularly concerning the integration of ethnomathematics into mathematics curriculum and the development of mathematics learning objectives using an ethnomathematical approach. Method: The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology involving identifying, evaluating, and interpreting relevant literature on the research topic. Results: The findings reveal that the ethnomathematical approach effectively enhances students' understanding of mathematics. Students exhibit higher motivation and satisfaction with mathematics learning when connected to their local culture. Novelty: This research shows that the ethnomathematics approach facilitates the development of teachers' competencies in integrating cultural elements into mathematics education. Both teachers' recommendations and research findings support the inclusion of ethnomathematics in mathematics curricula both directly in developing learning tools and materials and in curriculum policies. Additionally, there is potential for technology applications to support ethnomathematics learning, enabling students to study mathematics independently. In conclusion, integrating ethnomathematics holds significant potential in improving students' mathematical understanding, connecting mathematics with local culture, and motivating students to learn mathematics more enjoyable and relevantly.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regrading Cholera Outbreaks in IlalaMunicipality of Dar Es Salaam Region, Tanznia

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding cholera outbreaks and measure socio cultural practices that influence cholera outbreaks in Ilala Municipality in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania. Study design: A cross sectional study was conducted in Ilala municipality in Dar es Salaam city. Methods: The study population was obtained using multistage sampling technique. One ward was sampled and within the ward 10 hamlets (administrative cluster consisting of 10 households) were randomly selected. All households within the hamlets were included into the study sample. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data concerning knowledge, attitudes and practices about cholera and factors influencing cholera occurrence within household settings. Information collected included the number of families and number of people in one house, availability of toilet facilities and number of toilets in one house. The research project was cleared by the ethical clearance committee of the Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Informed consent was obtained from each consenting participant. Results: Three hundred and ten (310) respondents were included in the study of whom 186 (59.9%) were females and 124 (40.1%) were males aged between 18 and 84 years. The proportion of respondents with good knowledge of cholera in the study was 85%. The study revealed that the main practices associated with cholera occurrence among respondents with high level of knowledge in Ilala by water source were: use of piped water 84.3%, water from deep wells 88.3% and shallow wells 71.4%. The distribution of respondents by low knowledge and water source were: piped water 15.7%, shallow well 28.6% and deep well 11.7%. The proportions of respondents by low knowledge and water quantity were: adequate water 13.6% and inadequate water 18.3%. About 14% of the respondents with low level of knowledge of cholera drink water from wells without boiling while 31.8% drink unboiled piped water and wash their hands in a common container 21.6%. Furthermore the proportion of respondents with positive attitudes towards cholera prevention in this study was 97.4%. Conclusion and recommendations: The hygienic practices concerning cholera prevention were lagging behind knowledge and attitudes. A range of specific interventions are likely to be necessary for the control of cholera in this population. Misconceptions about transmissibility of cholera that cholera cannot be transmitted through cow’s dung, young children stool and chicken faeces need to be addressed.
Basic Characteristics of Shale Gas in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in the Upper Yangtze Region:Taking Nangao Section in Danzhai as an Example

Niutitang Formation is one of the most potential strata for exploration in the upper Yangtze platform,therefore,we select Nangao section as an example in Danzhai county of Guizhou Province.Through various analytical methods such as field survey,thin section identification,geochemical analysis,X-ray diffraction mineral analysis,porosity measurement,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observation and isothermal adsorption methods,studies on Niutitang Formation shale gas characteristics including geology,geochemistry,reservoir and adsorbed gas content were performed.Furthermore,the correlation between organic matter and mineral association was discussed,as well as the controlling factors of gas adsorption.For the section in the lower part,it is composed by mudstone deposited in deep-water environment while in the upper part it is silty shale and/or calcareous siltstone deposited in shallow-water shelf environment.Characteristic trace element ratio shows that black shale was formed in the depositional environment of oxygen reduction with obvious characteristics of hot water sedimentation.The black shale is characterized by the occurrence of type-I kerogen.The TOCvalues range from 0.38%to 15.31%,with an average of 5.2%. RO values range from 1.60%to 4.15%,with an average of 2.8%. The mineral composition of black shale is predominantly clay minerals(e.g.illite and chlorite),quartz,feldspar,barite,and gypsum.Quartz content is relatively high with an average of 53%,and decreases upwards in the section.Quartz content is too high or too low,which are not conducive to the enrichment of organic matter,and only when the quartz content of between 36.4%and 71.9%it has positive correlation with TOCvalues.Clay content is relatively low and increases upwards with an average of 34%,but it is negatively correlated with TOCvalues,which is opposed to the quartz′s.There are a few carbonate minerals near the top of the section.The porosity of black shale and siliceous rocks in the lower section ranges from 0.99%to 4.66% with an average of 2.39%,and the density ranges from 1.99g/cm3 to 2.62g/cm3 with an average of 2.47g/cm3.Four types of pores are present in the shale,such as interparticle pores,intraparticle pores,fracture pores and organic-matter pores.The first two are more common in gas shale.The adsorption isotherm experiments suggest that adsorbed gas in black shale is from 1.71m3/t to 2.62m3/t with an average of 2.33m3/t,which indicate a strong adsorption capacity.The adsorption ability of Nangao shale and TOCshows positive correlation, however,shale and Tmaxshow negative correlation.TOCcontent is also positively correlated with nanopore distribution frequency.This study shows that,TOCcontent,quartz content,and nanopore distribution play leading roles in influencing the adsorption capacity of gas in the Nangao shale.
Radial variation of sulfur and oxygen ions in the Io plasma torus as deduced from remote observations by Hisaki

The Io plasma torus, situated in the Jovian inner magnetosphere (6–8 Jovian radii from the planet) is filled with heavy ions and electrons, a large part of which are derived from Io's volcanos. The torus is the key area connecting the primary source of plasma (Io) with the midmagnetosphere (>10 Jovian radii), where highly dynamic phenomena are taking place. Revealing the plasma behavior of the torus is a key factor in elucidating Jovian magnetospheric dynamics. A global picture of the Io plasma torus can be obtained via spectral diagnosis of remotely sensed ion emissions generated via electron impact excitation. Hisaki, an Earth‐orbiting spacecraft equipped with an extreme ultraviolet spectrograph Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroscope for Exospheric Dynamics, has observed the torus at moderate spectral resolution. The data have been submitted to spectral analysis and physical chemistry modeling under the assumption of axial symmetry. Results from the investigation are radial profiles of several important parameters including electron density and temperature as well as ion abundances. The inward transport timescale of midmagnetospheric plasma is obtained to be 2–40 h from the derived radial profile for the abundance of suprathermal electrons. The physical chemistry modeling results in a timescale for the outward transport of Io‐derived plasma of around 30 days. The ratio between inward and outward plasma speed (~1%) is consistent with the occurrence rate of depleted flux tubes determined using in situ observations by instruments on the Galileo spacecraft.
Governance Performance of Muslim and Non-Muslim Countries

Governance refers to the processes and structures implemented by organizations to ensure that they operate effectively, responsibly, and in accordance with legal and ethical standards. It encompasses the systems and practices by which organizations are directed, controlled, and held accountable. Governance is a critical aspect of various sectors, including business, government, non-profit organizations, and other institutions. This paper studied two groups of Muslim and Non-Muslim countries by comparing their governance performances using several indicators of Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) within 2015 to 2019. The objectives are: (1) to evaluate the performance of Muslim world nations compares to the non-Muslim counterparts in terms of governance and related issues; (2) to deduce the implication for policy, in order to improve the performance of economic and governance indicators in countries. In general, the results show that in several indicators, Muslim-based countries have advantages over non-Muslim countries. However, on several other governance indicators, Muslim countries are relatively behind. Therefore, in the future, governance in Muslim-based countries needs to be improved to make it better.
Fishery parameters and population dynamics of silver croaker on the Xingu river, Brazilian Amazon

The study analyzed the fishery parameters and population dynamics of the silver croaker, Plagioscion squamosissimus, and its exploitation status, before the damming of the Xingu River by the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam. Silver croaker was caught throughout the year, with a total production of 239 tons. Estimated Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) was 14.16 kg.fisher-1.day-1. The mean price paid to the fishers for a kilogram of silver croaker ranged from US$1.89 to US$3.28. Mean longevity estimated was 7.68 years. The total mortality (Z) was calculated at approximately 1.44 year-1, natural mortality (M) was 0.76 year-1, fishery mortality (F) was 0.68 year-1, and the current exploitation rate (E) was 0.47 year-1. The study highlights the importance of P. squamosissimus as a fishery resource in the Xingu region and provides important insights for the development of future fishery management strategies and conservation of the species stocks.
Impact of Arctic Land Fast-Ice Growth on Subsea Ground Freezing

A conceptual thermodynamic model of seasonal freezing of water column and underlying layer of bottom sediments, which is based on the solution of heatand mass transfer equations in saline porous media, was elaborated. This model uses two distinct methods, simulating phase transitions in water and ground layers. Using realistic atmospheric forcing observed at Tiksi Polar Station during the cold season (October-May) 2009-10, land fast-ice and subwater ground freezing was simulated in the Buor-Khaya Bay (coastal region of the Laptev Sea). Model simulations showed that the distinguished feature of ice formation at shallow depths (<3m) is a stabilization of ice thickness caused by sub-ice layer salinization. Salinity increase in these zones exceeds an order of magnitude in comparison with the initial salinities (i.e. before freezing) and reaches ~800 psu. Convective mixing, induced by fast-ice growth, formed uniform sub-ice water layer that remains at the freezing point temperatures. As a consequence of contact of the ground with cold and saline waters, ice formation starts in the bottom sediment layer. In spite of multiple simplifications the model showed relatively good agreement with experimental data obtained by bottom drilling at the Laptev Sea shelf. INTRODUCTION Despite several studies of Arctic sub-sea permafrost (e.g., Khimenkov and Brushkov 2003, Osterkamp et al. 1989, Zhigarev 1997), the problem of seasonal freezing of sub-water ground is far from its solution. It is believed that this process starts after complete freezing of the water layer. Thus, possibility of the sub-sea permafrost formation at depths, which exceeds the thickness of fast ice, is often ignored, despite a number of the opposite facts. In this paper we describe a conceptual, one-dimensional, thermodynamic model of sub-water permafrost formation. This model uses two distinct methods, simulating phase transitions in water and sediment layers: frontal (classic) method was implemented for the fast-ice growth, and phase transition in temperature range was used in the ground layer. Consideration of the heat transfer within the adjacent layers as a single process distinguishes this model from its analogues for separate media. MODEL DESCRIPTION Freezing of sea water, which contacts with semi-infinite layers of air and water-saturated unfrozen soil, is considered (Figure 1a). Ice formation in the water layer is simulated as the classical (frontal) Stefan problem with prescribed snow accumulation at the upper surface of growing sea ice (Bogorodskii et al. 2010). The freezing of porous water in the ground layer is POAC’15 Trondheim, Norway Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions June 14-18, 2015 Trondheim, Norway
Brucella Spondylitis: Current Knowledge and Recent Advances

The most prevalent zoonotic disease is brucellosis, which poses a significant threat for worldwide public health. Particularly in endemic areas, spinal involvement is a major source of morbidity and mortality and can complicate the course of the disease. The diagnosis of Brucella spondylitis is challenging and should be suspected in the appropriate epidemiological and clinical context, in correlation with microbiological and radiological findings. Treatment depends largely on the affected parts of the body. Available treatment options include antibiotic administration for an adequate period of time and, when appropriate, surgical intervention. In this article, we examined the most recent data on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and management of spinal brucellosis in adults.