Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
At Work in a Pandemic: Black Workers’ Experiences of Safety on the Job

Race and labor scholars have argued that precarious, dangerous work, along with the work of social reproduction, has long been disproportionately placed on Black workers. This research examines how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted essential in-person workers differently by race. Using data collected from approximately 8,000 respondents in five survey waves, we find that Black essential and in-person workers were far more likely to experience safety concerns on the job than white workers, from inadequate sick leave and protective gear in the early pandemic to customers who refused to mask in later months. This pattern extended to stress off the job, where Black workers were more likely to have experienced food, childcare, and housing insecurities. Black workers were also more likely to be interested in unionization. These findings point to distinct ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has collided with Black workers’ struggle for economic inequality and amplified existing patterns of labor market inequality.
A SYN Flood Attack Detection Method Based on Hierarchical Multihead Self-Attention Mechanism

Existing SYN flood attack detection methods have obvious problems such as poor feature selectivity, weak generalization ability, easy overfitting, and low accuracy during training. In the paper, we present a SYN flood attack detection method based on the Hierarchical Multihad Self-Attention (HMHSA) mechanism. First, we use one-hot encoding and normalization to preprocess traffic data. Then the preprocessed traffic data is transmitted to the Feature-based Multihead Self-Attention (FBMHA) layer for feature selection. Finally, we use data slices to determine the features of the preprocessed traffic data under time series by passing the preprocessed traffic data into the Slice-based Multihead Self-Attention (SBMHA) layer. We tested the proposed method on different datasets. The experimental results show that compared with other works, our method presents better in feature selection and higher detection accuracy (even up to 99.97%).
Nurses' Anxiety Levels in the Covid-19 Isolation Room

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the medical team, including nurses, have struggled in isolation rooms, helping patients. Isolation rooms pose a greater risk than regular treatment rooms and direct contact can increase the risk of infection. Nurses’ anxiety may be high; they may be worried not only about the risk of transmitting Covid-19 to themselves, but also to their families at home, especially for those who are in vulnerable groups. This study aimed to identify the anxiety level of nurses in the Covid-19 isolation room at Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Hospital. This was a descriptive observational study conducted from May 25 - June 3, 2021 with 16 nurses. The nurses’ anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale Questionnaire. The results showed that 13 nurses (81.25%) in the Covid-19 isolation room had mild anxiety levels. Keywords: anxiety, nurse, Covid-19, isolation room
The Impact of Educational Intervention Based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model on Healthy Lifestyle in Women of Reproductive Age in Iran

Background Lifestyle is one of the most important factors affecting women’s health. Women’s quality of life and health depends on their health-promoting behaviors and lifestyles. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of an educational intervention based on Pender model on healthy lifestyle in women of reproductive age in Iran. Methods This randomized controlled trial study was carried out in women of reproductive age in Iran, from August to December 2019. The samples were divided into experimental (n = 120) and control (n = 120) groups. 6 training sessions were provided for the experimental group. The questionnaire consisted of several items including socio-demographic characteristics, health-promoting lifestyle profile-II (HPLP-II), self-efficacy, social support and constructs of Pender’s health promotion model. SPSS-18 software has been applied for statistical analysis. Results The mean age of the experimental group was 31.88±7.624 years and for the control group was 30.33±6.89 years. There was no statistically significant relationship between demographic variables such as marital status, education, employment status, age and body mass index with lifestyle in women. Lifestyle in women had a statistically significant relationship with the structure prior health-related behavior (p < 0.001). The score of women in structures of prior health-related behavior, perceived benefits, commitment to action, and social support increased after educational intervention (p < 0.001). Conclusion Findings showed that educational intervention based on Pender health promotion model has increased the score of healthy lifestyle in women. Therefore, planning and performing educational interventions to improve health promotion behaviors based on this model is essential.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Melalui Model Project Based Learning (PjBL)

This study aims to determine the effect of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model through the manufacture of bioplastic preserves on the creative thinking skills of class X students at SMA Negeri 1 Lebong Utara. The method used in this research is Quasi Experiment with Pretest-posttest Control Group Design. The results showed that the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model through bioplastic preserves could improve students' creative thinking skills with a value of 95 and an average of 79.19%. In conclusion, there is an effect of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model through the manufacture of bioplastic preserves on the creative thinking skills of class X students at SMA Negeri 1 Lebong Utara. Keywords: Creative Thinking, Skills, PjBL
Matting of Natural Image Sequences using Bayesian Statistics

The problem of separating a non-rectangular foreground image from a background image is a classical problem in image processing and analysis, known as matting or keying. A common example is a film frame where an actor is extracted from the background to later be placed on a different background. Compositing of these objects against a new background is one of the most common operations in the creation of visual effects. When the original background is of non-constant color the matting becomes an under determined problem, for which a unique solution cannot be found. This thesis describes a framework for computing mattes from images with backgrounds of non-constant color, using Bayesian statistics. Foreground and background color distributions are modeled as oriented Gaussians and optimal color and opacity values are determined using a maximum a posteriori approach. Together with information from optical flow algorithms, the framework produces mattes for image sequences without needing user input for each frame. The approach used in this thesis differs from previous research in a few areas. The optimal order of processing is determined in a different way and sampling of color values is changed to work more efficiently on high-resolution images. Finally a gradient-guided local smoothness constraint can optionally be used to improve results for cases where the normal technique produces poor results.
The Application of Liquid Biopsy Techniques in High-Risk Population for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system and has a 5-year overall survival rate of 14.1%. Many HCC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, and thus early screening is essential for reducing the mortality of HCC. In addition to commonly used detection indicators such as serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3) and abnormal prothrombin (protein induced by vitamin K absence II, PIVKA-II), liquid biopsy techniques have been demonstrated to have diagnostic value in HCC detection. Compared with invasive procedures, liquid biopsy can detect circulatory metabolites of malignant neoplasms. Liquid biopsy techniques can detect circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, circulating RNA and exosomes and have been used in the early screening, diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of HCC. This paper reviews the molecular biological characteristics and application of different liquid biopsy techniques, and aim to highlight promising biomarkers that may be feasible options for early-stage HCC evaluation to improve early screening in populations at high risk for HCC.
Study on the Guidance of Platelet Inhibition Rate Detected with Thrombelastogram in Antiplatelet Therapy for Acute Non-Cardiogenic Stroke

Objective: To investigate the application value of thrombelastogram (TEG) in the detection of platelet inhibition rate for antiplatelet therapy for acute non-cardiogenic stroke. Methods: A total of 100 patients with ischemic non-cardiogenic stroke were selected for this study from September 2020 to October 2021. Patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 50 cases for each group. Before and after 1 week of antiplatelet drug treatment, the platelet inhibition rate in the experimental group was measured with arachidonic acid (AA) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) by TEG; no platelet inhibition rates detection was conducted for the control group. The dose and type of drugs were adjusted for the experimental group according to the platelet functions and medication based on the clinical experience conducted for the control group. The neurological deficits of the discharged patients were scored with NIHSS score, mRS score, stroke recurrence, hemorrhage, and other events were followed up at the 3rd month of discharge. Results: In the experimental group, the inhibition rates of AA and ADP were significantly higher than those before treatment (both P < 0.05). After treatment, the inhibition rates of AA and ADP in dual antiplatelet patients were higher than those of monoclonal antiplatelets (both P < 0.05). The NIHSS score at discharge and the mRS score at the 3rd-month-follow-up in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (both P < 0.05). The incidences of stroke recurrence and hemorrhage events in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of a thrombelastogram in the detection of platelet inhibition rate to guide antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute non-cardiogenic stroke reduces the recurrences of cerebral infarction and the risk of hemorrhage and improves patients’ clinical prognosis.
The organization in pollengrains of some early conifers

The in situ pollen grains of Lebachia piniformis (Schloth. pars) Florin, Lebachia hypnoides (Brongn.) Florin, Ernestiodendron filiciforme (Schloth.) Florin, Walchianthus crassus Florin and W. cylindraceous Florin show a monosaccus which girdles the central body leaving its proximal and distal faces free from the saccus. A two-lipped, linear suture along the longer equatorial axis is mostly borne by the broader, bladder-free and evidently the proximal face. The distal face bears a broad sulcus usually lined by two folds lying across the longer equatorial axis in polar view of the flattened specimens. Saccus is distally inclined. This organization is shown to be different from that in the pollen grains of Cordaitales.
Factors Affecting Proper Self-Medication Behavior of Gastritis Drugs

Behavior is one of the important factors in health problems. Efforts to improve health behavior in a community can include increasing public awareness and independence in the accuracy of self-medicating. The accuracy that needs to be considered includes appropriate symptoms, indications, dosage, route of administration, alert for side effects and follow-up. Gastritis is an inflammation of the mucosal tissue in the stomach which is characterized by pain in the pit of the stomach. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge and attitudes on the appropriate self-medication behavior of gastritis medication in Kauman Village, Srengat District, Blitar Regency. This was quantitative research with a descriptive observational approach. A questionnaire was used to collect the data which were analyzed using the Chi-square test. According to the findings, knowledge significantly affected the self-medication behavior (p = 0.015), as did attitudes (p < 0.001). Keywords: self-medication, gastritis medicine, health behavior
Time-data tradeoff for the sparse and cosparse regularizations of physics-driven inverse problems

We investigate the computational performance of the sparse vs cosparse regularizations applied to physics-driven inverse problems, relative to the amount of measurements. Our results show that, despite nominal equivalence of the two models in the given context, the analysis-based optimization benefits from an increase in the volume of available data, while the synthesis one does not.
The Effect of COVID-19 on the Perioperative Course of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Poland: The Estimation of Perioperative Prognosis and Neural Network Analysis in 243,515 Cases from 2020 to 2021

COVID-19 causes thromboembolic complications that affect the patient’s prognosis. COVID-19 vaccines significantly improve the prognosis for the course of the infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of patient characteristics, including COVID-19 vaccinations, on perioperative mortality in acute coronary syndrome in Poland during the pandemic. We analyzed the data of 243,515 patients from the National Registry of Invasive Cardiology Procedures (Ogólnopolski Rejestr Procedur Kardiologii Inwazyjnej [ORPKI]). In this group, 7407 patients (21.74%) had COVID-19. The statistical analysis was based on a neural network that was verified by the random forest method. In 2020, the most significant impact on prognosis came from a diagnosis of unstable angina, a short period (<2 h) from pain occurrence to first medical contact, and a history of stroke. In 2021, the most significant factors were pre-hospital cardiac arrest, female sex, and a short period (<2 h) from first medical contact to coronary angiography. After adjusting for a six-week lag, a diagnosis of unstable angina and psoriasis were found to be relevant in the data from 2020, while in 2021, it was the time from the pain occurrence to the first medical contact (2–12 h) in non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and the time from first contact to balloon inflation (2–12 h) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The number of vaccinations was one of the least significant factors. COVID-19 vaccination does not directly affect perioperative prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Recognition and Processing of Visual Information after Neuronavigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Session

Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a method of noninvasive and painless stimulation of the nervous system, which is based on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. Over the past twenty years, the TMS technique has been deployed as a tool for the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as in the treatment of mental disorders (e.g., depression). Methods: We tested the inhibitory effects of repetitive TMS (rTMS) on reaction times to militarily relevant visual stimuli amidst distractors and on accompanying blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 20 healthy people. rTMS was applied over the visual cortices, V1, on both hemispheres with the inhibitory theta burst paradigm with the intensity of 70% of the active motor threshold fMRI in 20 healthy people. Results: Analysis of the reaction time to visual stimuli after using TMS to the V1 visual cortex revealed an increase in the number of incorrect recognitions, and the reaction time was from 843 to 910 ms. In the subgroup of participants (n = 15), after the stimulation, there were significant reductions of BOLD signal in blood flow within V1 cortices. Conclusions: The studies of reaction times after the rTMS revealed the inhibitory effect of rTMS on the reaction times and recognition performance of significant (military) objects in the visual field.
Sensitivity of Three Patient-Specific Quality Assurance Systems to MLC Aperture Errors With Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy

Purpose: To compare the sensitivity of ArcCHECK (AC), portal dosimetry (PD), and an in-house logfile-based system (LF) to multileaf collimators (MLC) aperture errors and the ability to identify these errors. Methods and Materials: For 12 retrospective original head and neck volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans, MLC aperture errors of ± 0.4mm, ± 1.2mm, ± 2mm, and ± 3mm were introduced for each plan, resulting in 96 plans with errors. AC, PD, and LF were used for the gamma evaluation at 3%/3mm, 3%/2mm, and 2%/2mm criteria. Gradient analysis was used to evaluate the sensitivity to MLC aperture errors. The area under the curve (AUC) obtained from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability to identify MLC aperture errors and dose errors, and the optimal cut-off value to identify the error was obtained. Results: The gamma pass rate (%GP) of LF had the smallest descent gradient as the MLC error increases in any case. The descent gradient of PD was larger than AC, except for the case at the 2%/2mm criteria. For the 3%/3mm criteria, the MLC aperture errors that can be perfectly identified by AC, PD, and LF were ± 3mm, ± 2mm, and ± 1.2mm, respectively, and the average percent dose error (%DEs) of dose metrics in targets that can be perfectly identified were 4% to 5%, 3% to 4%, and 2% to 3%, respectively. For the 3%/2mm criteria, the errors that AC, PD, and LF can perfectly identify were the same as the 3%/3mm criteria. For the 2%/2mm criteria, AC can perfectly identify the MLC error of ± 2mm and the %DE of 3% to 4%. PD and LF can identify the MLC error of ± 1.2mm and the %DE of 2% to 3%. Conclusion: Different patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) systems have different sensitivity and recognition abilities to MLC aperture errors. Institutions should formulate their own customized %GP limits based on their PSQA process through ROC or other methods.
Diurnal Preference and Correlates of Multidimensional Perfectionism, Type-D Personality, and Big Five Personality Traits

This study examined the extent to which the dimensions of the five-factor model, Type-D personality, and multidimensional perfectionism were associated with a diurnal preference in the general population. A sample of (N = 864) individuals completed the measures of diurnal preference, multidimensional perfectionism, Type-D personality, and the Big Five traits. A correlational analysis determined that agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, organization, and personal standards were independently related to morningness. In contrast, negative affect, social inhibition, Type-D personality, and perfectionistic doubts and concerns, as well as an increased perception of critical parental evaluation, were independently related to eveningness. After accounting for the shared variance amongst the personality traits, only negative affect, conscientiousness, organization, personal standards, and parental perception were significantly associated with diurnal preference. The current outcomes offer further insight into the relationship between personality and diurnal preference. Here, we observed greater reports of adaptive personality traits in relation to morningness, whereas negative affect and perceived parental evaluation and criticism were related to eveningness. As the first study to examine the relationship between Type-D personality, multidimensional perfectionism, and diurnal preference, the current outcomes should be considered preliminary.
Gender Differences in the Effects of BMI on School Bullying and Victimization in China: Comparing Normal Weight, Underweight and Overweight Secondary School Students

Weight-related school bullying and victimization have become important public health issues among adolescents around the world. This study aims to examine gender differences in the effects of Body Mass Index (BMI) on school bullying and victimization among secondary school students. This study conducted a survey among 2849 adolescents—1393 girls (48.9%) and 1456 boys (51.1%). The students were between 12 and 18 years of age and were recruited from ten secondary schools in 2019 in Suqian City in China. The study showed that overweight boys were more likely to bully others and be bullied by peers compared to normal weight boys. In contrast, overweight girls reported less bullying than normal-weight girls. No significant relationship was found between overweight and victimization among female students. The implications for comprehensive sexuality education practices are also discussed.
Conventionality Governed Logical Metonymy

I propose an account of logical metonymywhich is governed by lexical speci cation of usage conventions Extended corpus analysis is presented in favor of this proposal The data indicates an extremely narrow range of use of metonymic constructions suggesting that previous approaches which assume that this type of metonymy is a productive phenomenon constrained by a few rules fail to recognize its fundamental restrictedness I propose instead that properties speci ed in the semantic component of individual lexical items will determine whether and how those items participate in metonymy constructions
Becoming TikTok Famous: Strategies for Global Brands to Engage Consumers in an Emerging Market

This study examines the effects of content characteristics (i.e., informational and emotional characteristics), language, and nonverbal information on social media engagement (SME; i.e., likes, shares, and comments) in the context of global brands operating in an emerging market and implementing TikTok as a tool for social media marketing. The data set comprised 680 posts, 1,527,340 likes, 58,529 shares, and 18,743 comments collected from global smartphone brands’ TikTok accounts specifically targeting Indonesian consumers. The findings confirm that informational content mainly generates higher SME than emotional content. English and code-switched languages generally improve SME, whereas nonverbal information mostly has no significant effects. Furthermore, English and code-switched languages mainly have negative moderating effects on the relationship between content characteristics (both informational and emotional characteristics) and SME. Theoretically, this study provides a preliminary understanding of effective SME enhancement strategies for global brands targeting consumers on TikTok in emerging markets. Practically, the results of this research can provide guidelines for global brands engaging with consumers in emerging markets. These insights can also assist global brands in creating TikTok-famous content.