Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of intermittent and continuous resistance training on proteinuria and hematuria in trained young women

Sir, Following the study of effects of endurance training on proteinuria and hematuria in untrained young females [1], we conducted an investigation surrounding the effects of resistive training (RT) on proteinuria and hematuria in 36 trained (regular practice during prior 2 years) healthy women. They aged 20–25 years (22.19 ± 1.81) with body mass index of 21.8 ± 1.51 kg/m2 and VO2max of 38.4 ± 1.54 mL/kg/min. The participants were randomly assigned into Group A (intermittent RT), Group B (continuous RT) and control Group C (each, n = 12). Two days before the RT program, the participants of Groups A and B met in a training session with the intensity of 20% of one-repetition maximum (1RM), while urine samples were obtained at pre-training1 and post-training1 (0 and 1 h) stages. A1RM is the maximum weight that can be lifted one time with proper technique, which was calculated for each movement in each trainee. The participants performed the training protocol (3 days/week) during 8 weeks with an increasing intensity rate of 5% of 1RM per week from 20 to 55%. Each session consisted of two circuits including seven 2.5-min movements consisting attempts against compression on different organs (breast, arm and foot) and lateral traction. There were 2- and 1-min resting intervals between two circuits and two movements, respectively. Indeed, the total time for each session was 65 min which included: a 10-min light warming up, RT protocol for 47 min and a cool-down exercise for 5–10 min. Group B performed each movement with a constant speed (V = one attempt per 2.5 s), continuously. Group A was asked to do each movement with different speed (2V for 10 and ½V for 20 s), intermittently. The speed of movements was controlled by a metronome. Two days after termination of training workouts, following an effort of 20% of 1RM, similar urine samples were collected as pre-training2 and post-training2 stages. Table 1 shows urinary protein levels at different stages. Table 1 Urinary protein levels of participants at different stagesa A significant increase in all urinary protein levels (mixed type, predominantly albuminuria) was observed compared to basal levels, particularly following RT program (P = 0.02, 0.001 and 0.002 for total protein, albumin and β2 microglobulin, respectively), without any significant difference between the two experimental groups (all P > 0.05). No microscopic hematuria was detected in urine samples (all in luteal phase). It seems that different types of physical training (resistive, endurance, continuous or intermittent) have no preference each other in urinary protein loss [1], however, some studies oppose this finding [2]. In addition, physical training may have a protective effect against exercise-induced hematuria in untrained and trained females. Undoubtedly, further researches regarding this issue are needed.
Dramatic increase in parathyroid hormone and hypocalcaemia after denosumab in a kidney transplanted patient

de Beus et al. report a case of a patient with immobilization-related hypercalcaemia and advanced renal insufficiency that did not respond to bisphosphonates, and after a single dose of denosumab (60 mg), a rapid and sustained decrease of the serum calcium concentration was observed with a transient hypocalcaemia which needed the introduction of oral calcium and active vitamin D to correct it [1]. Simultaneously with hypocalcaemia, the patient showed a moderate increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in blood.
Shear‐wave splitting observations in the lower Great Lakes region: Evidence for regional anisotropic domains and keel‐modified asthenospheric flow

Fast‐axis directions obtained from shear‐wave splitting analysis of core‐refracted shear waves reveal several distinct anisotropic domains in the lower Great Lakes region. We used data from 27 broadband seismograph stations extending across a low‐velocity anomaly in the lithospheric mantle. Observed splitting times vary from 0.4 to 1.4 s, with a mean of 0.7 s. A subset of the splitting vectors across a failed rift are oriented parallel to one arm of the rift zone; most others show a coherent pattern of fast directions close to the direction of plate motion, but oblique to surface tectonic belts. Within the area of the low‐velocity anomaly, our observations are most simply explained by single‐layer anisotropy induced by asthenospheric flow. Spatial variability in the direction and magnitude of splitting are consistent with a flow regime influenced by basal topology of the lithospheric keel.
Aftershock Focal Depths of the 1993 Hokkaido-Nansei-Oki Earthquake Estimated from sP Depth Phase at Small Epicentral Distances.

The July 12, 1993 Hokkaido-Nansei-Oki Earthquake (MJMA = 7.8) occurred along the eastern margin of the Japan Basin and inflicted serious damage on various areas of northeastern Japan, particularly on Okushiri Island, Hokkaido. Hypocenter parameters of the main shock determined by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) are 42•‹47•ŒN, 139•‹12•ŒE and 34 km depth. Many shallow aftershocks of this event were detected and located by the seismograph network of the Observation Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions (OCPEV), Tohoku University. Focal depths of those aftershocks, however, were not well constrained by the routine locations of the OCPEV network, since those events occurred outside the network. In the present
Aurally aided visual search performance in a dynamic environment

Previous research has repeatedly shown that people can find a visual target significantly faster if spatial (3D) auditory displays direct attention to the corresponding spatial location. However, previous research has only examined searches for static (non-moving) targets in static visual environments. Since motion has been shown to affect visual acuity, auditory acuity, and visual search performance, it is important to characterize aurally-aided search performance in environments that contain dynamic (moving) stimuli. In the present study, visual search performance in both static and dynamic environments is investigated with and without 3D auditory cues. Eight participants searched for a single visual target hidden among 15 distracting stimuli. In the baseline audio condition, no auditory cues were provided. In the 3D audio condition, a virtual 3D sound cue originated from the same spatial location as the target. In the static search condition, the target and distractors did not move. In the dynamic search condition, all stimuli moved on various trajectories at 10 deg/s. The results showed a clear benefit of 3D audio that was present in both static and dynamic environments, suggesting that spatial auditory displays continue to be an attractive option for a variety of aircraft, motor vehicle, and command & control applications.
A Preliminary Report on Radiosonde Observations of the Equatorial Atmosphere Dynamics over Indonesia

Observations of the equatorial atmosphere dynamics by means of radiosondes were conducted, as a collaborative project between Japan and Indonesia, at the Watukosek observatory in East Jawa, Indonesia, for 25 days from 27 February to 22 March, 1990. Profiles of the wind velocity, temperature, pressure and humidity were obtained at 0-35km altitude with time and height resolutions of 5-7 hours and 150m, respectively. This paper gives an outline of the experiment and the background conditions of the atmosphere during the campaign period. The structure of the zonal mean winds at 10-25km was basically explained by QBO, showing westward winds of about 15m/s, while the meridional winds were fairly weak in the entire height range. The mean temperature profile indicated the tropopause to be at 17-18km altitude, with a minimum temperature of about 190K. Both wind velocity and temperature fluctuations were large indicating the manifestation of various wave activities. The relative humidity was fairly high in the lower troposphere, showing periodic fluctuations with time scales of 3-5 days in addition to the diurnal cycle.
The effects of the Southwest Indian Ocean tropical cyclones on Ethiopian drought

Tropical cyclones are one of the prominent weather systems that are generated over the tropical oceans. The cyclones that develop in the Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO) usually travel west then southwest and finally recurve to southeast, generally before reaching the East African coast. However, it is shown in this study how SWIO-tropical cyclones/depressions can indirectly affect Ethiopian weather. Using correlation and composite analyses, interannual and intraseasonal rainfall variations in Ethiopia were compared with the frequency and time of occurrence of the tropical cyclones. Years showing the consecutive occurrence of several tropical depressions over the SWIO coincide with the drought years of Ethiopia. Reciprocally, years of abnormally low frequency of tropical cyclones are associated with heavy rainfall in Ethiopia. Belg rainfall (‘small rains’, February–May) is much more influenced by the cyclonic activity than Kiremt rainfall (‘big rains’, June–September), which occurs outside the cyclonic season of the Southeast Indian Ocean. On a daily basis, rainfall activity during the Belg period is significantly reduced when a tropical depression is observed in the SWIO, before picking up again a few days later. No systematic time-lag was found between the cyclone occurrence and the decrease in daily rainfall amounts. However, at interannual time-scales, a higher (lower) frequency of tropical depressions during the months of November–January tends to be followed by abnormally low (high) Belg rainfall. One of the mechanisms suggested to explain this seasonal persistence in the frequency of tropical depressions involves sea-surface temperatures in the SWIO, from where many of the depressions originate. The atmospheric processes accounting for the teleconnection between Ethiopia rainfall and tropical depressions were examined. Monthly anomalies of upper air winds for years showing frequent occurrence of tropical depressions proved significant not only over the SWIO, but also the Northern Hemisphere above Northeast Africa. In addition to a slightly enhanced cross-equatorial flow, diverting moisture advection towards the active centre of the system, much stronger than usual equatorial easterlies in the upper troposphere and a reduced southward excursion of the subtropical jet stream result in weaker convective activity over Ethiopia. © 1998 Royal Meteorological Society
Biological mediation of the settling velocity of bed material eroded from an intertidal mudflat, the Danish Wadden Sea

Abstract The equivalent settling diameter of the eroded material from erosion experiments in situ has been examined for almost two years on a temperate, intertidal mudflat. The erosion experiments were carried by use of a portable EROMES erosion equipment. After each erosion experiment the eroded material was allowed to settle for some minutes and the settling velocity distribution and hereby equivalent settling diameters were calculated using Stoke's Law. The settling velocities were strongly dependent on the fecal pellet content of the material showing larger settling diameters with increasing contents of fecal pellets whereas velocities were not dependent on applied bed shear stress, primary grain size, dry bulk density, organic content or chlorophyll a content of the bed material. The pellets at the investigated mudflat were produced by the snail Hydrobia ulvae which lives in densities up to about 300 000 indiv. m −2 at the site. The average settling diameter for eroded material without fecal pellets was about 20 μm whereas it was about 80 μm for highly pelletized material. The pellets are eroded quite easily, but will probably not escape from the tidal basin due to the increase in settling velocities and associated increase in settling lag and scour lag. Therefore, it is argued that although H. ulvae will tend to destabilize the surface of the mudflat, the net effect with respect to the fine-grained sediment budget is probably positive due to the increase in settling velocity caused by the pelletisation by the snail. The temperature dependent ingestion by H. ulvae causes a clear seasonality in the pellet content and hereby settling velocity of the material eroded at the mudflat. This may partly explain earlier observations of seasonal variations in erosion and deposition on the mudflat.
Psychological Processes in Adapting to Dementia: Illness Representations Among the IDEAL Cohort

How people understand and adapt to living with dementia may influence well-being. Leventhal’s Common Sense Model (CSM) of Self-Regulation provides a theoretical basis for exploring this process. We used cross-sectional and longitudinal data from 1,109 people with mild-to-moderate dementia in the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life (IDEAL) cohort. We elicited dementia representations (DRs) using the Representations and Adjustment to Dementia Index (RADIX), a validated measure based on the CSM, identified groups sharing distinct DR profiles, and explored predictors of group membership and associations with well-being, and whether problem-focused coping played a mediating role in these associations. We identified four DR classes: people who see the condition as a disease and adopt a diagnostic label; people who see the condition as a disease but refer to symptoms rather than a diagnostic label; those who see the condition as part of aging; and those who are unsure how to make sense of the condition. A fifth group did not acknowledge any difficulties. “Disease” representations were associated with better cognition and younger age, while “aging” and “no problem” representations were associated with better mood and well-being. The association with well-being remained stable over 24 months. There was limited partial support for a mediating role of problem-focused coping. Variations in DRs may reflect individual differences in the psychological processes involved in adjusting to dementia. DRs provide a framework for personalizing and tailoring both communications about dementia and interventions aimed at supporting people in coping with dementia. There is a need to debate what constitutes a positive DR and how its development might be encouraged.
Influence of optical thickness variability of inhomogeneous clouds on their reflection and transmission properties

The reflection and transmission properties of inhomogeneous clouds (or ensembles of clouds) are simulated, which is relevant for e.g., satellite remote sensing and climate modeling. One of the main cloud properties is optical thickness. Here cloud inhomogeneity is assumed to arise from cloud optical thickness variability over a certain area. A simple triangular distribution function of cloud optical thickness is used, based on observations of cloud liquid water path distribution. An accurate plane-parallel radiative transfer model is employed to study the effect of cloud optical thickness variability on the reflection and transmission properties of inhomogeneous clouds. The effect of cloud sides is neglected. Results of the reflectivity, albedo, and transmission of inhomogeneous clouds are shown. Inhomogeneous clouds have lower reflectivity and albedo, and higher transmission than homogeneous clouds with the same number of cloud particles. The ratio of average cloud optical thickness to effective cloud optical thickness, which is the optical thickness of a homogeneous cloud that has the same reflection or transmission properties, is about 1.3 for thin clouds (average optical thickness 5), and about 1.6 for thick clouds (average optical thickness 50).
Tidal Characteristics of Suspended Sediment Concentrations

Analytical theory is used to describe the tidal constituents generat~d in suspen~ed sediment con­ centrations of clay, silt, and sand eroded by M 2 and S2 tidal currents. The assocIated model mvolves only the fall velocity W" the vertical dispersion coefficient E (assumed constant), and wa~er depth.D. For Ws > 10 EID particles remain close to the bed, w~ereas for W, < 0.1 I! ID ,Particles are well mIxed ve~Ically. For Ws ~ EID, deposition occurs by advective settlIng at a rate approxImatmg (l/2)W,Cz=Q wh 7 re Cz=Q IS . theconcentratl(~n. at the bed. Conversely for E » DW s settlement is more dependent on the dispers.IOn coeffiCIent ~, A ~epOSItIOn rate -aG(G depth-averaged concentration) is derived by assuming an exponentIal decay rate e ,wIth t~plcal half-lives of 1 min to 2 h for sand and from 1 to 100 d for clay. In shelf seas, the suspended se~Iment concentration is likely to be determined by the silt-clay fraction with. ~nhanced mean and MSj Co~stItuents compared to the associated diurnal and semidiumal constituents. OppOSItIOn of the . M4 and MS4 con.stItuents at neap tide may significantly reduce the anticipated quarter-diurnal component of sedIment concentratIOns.
An Unusual Carbohydrate Conformation is Evident in Moraxella catarrhalis Oligosaccharides

Oligosaccharide structures derived from the lipooligosaccharide of M. catarrhalis show that the highly branched glucose-rich inner core of the oligosaccharide has an altered conformation compared to the most truncated tetra-glucose-Kdo lgt1/4Δ oligosaccharide structure. Addition of one residue each to the (1-4) and (1-6) chains to give the lgt2Δ oligosaccharide is the minimum requirement for this conformational change to occur. Extensive molecular modeling and NMR investigations have shown that the (1-3), (1-4), and (1-6) glycosidic linkages from the central α-d-Glcp have significantly altered conformational preferences between the two structures. For the lgt1/4Δ oligosaccharide the (1-3) and (1-4) linkage populates predominantly the syn minimum on the conformational free energy map and for the (1-6) linkage conformational flexibility is observed, which is supported by 1H-NMR T1 measurements. For the lgt2Δ oligosaccharide the unusual “(1-4)anti-ψ(1-6)gg” conformation, which could be confirmed by long-range NOE signals, is a dominant conformation in which the oligosaccharide is very compact with the terminal α-d-GlcNAc residue folding back towards the center of the molecule leading to an extensive intra-molecular hydrophobic interaction between the terminal residues. Comparing effective H-H distances, which were calculated for conformational sub-ensembles, with the NOE distances revealed that typically multiple conformations could be present without significantly violating the measured NOE restraints. For lgt2Δ the presence of more than one conformation is supported by the NOE data.
Les manifestations oculaires au cours de la pré-éclampsie sévère ou l’éclampsie au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sourô Sanou de Bobo Dioulasso

La pré-éclampsie sévère est un problème de santé publique. L'atteinte oculaire est une de ses nombreuses complications. Le but de notre travail était de décrire les atteintes oculaires chez les patientes présentant une pré-éclampsie et/ou éclampsie afin de contribuer à leur meilleure prise en charge. Il s'est agi d'une étude transversale descriptive à collecte prospective allant du 1er novembre 2013 au 31 juillet 2014, chez les patientes ayant souffert de pré-éclampsie sévère/éclampsie. Nous avons inclus 127 patientes dans notre étude. La moyenne d’âge des patientes de notre étude était de 26,37 ans (ET= 6,8 ans), avec des extrêmes de 15 et 40 ans. Les tranches d’âge les plus représentées étaient celles de 26 à 30 ans avec 29,1% des cas et celle des 15 à 20 ans avec 25,2%. Le diagnostic de pré-éclampsie sévère a été retenu dans 69,3% des cas. Les primigestes représentaient 40,9% de la population. Les troubles visuels à type de phosphènes ont été observés chez 33,1% des patientes. Nous avons noté un courant granulaire conjonctival dans 41,7%, des lésions du segment postérieur chez 32,3% des patientes. Ces résultats ont été discutés par rapport à la littérature, et nous notons plus de cas d'atteinte rétinienne. Nous n'avons pas trouvé de lien statistiquement significatif entre la tension artérielle à l'admission et le stade de la rétinopathie hypertensive. Les complications oculaires de la pré-éclampsie sévère sont très fréquentes et souvent ignorées. Les atteintes rétiniennes sont fréquentes mais de bon pronostic.
Improving Marketable Quality of Tomato: a Simulation of Shipping Conditions in Ghana

Aim:The study assessed the influence of a sequence of anticipated hazard elements (impact, compression, vibration) and shipment conditions on marketable quality under varying temperatures and ripeness stages. Study Design: The vibration test simulates a truck operating at highway speed and determines the ability of shipp ing units to withstand vertical and compression forces resulting from stacking during transport. Storage at 30∫C depictedambient conditions;15 and 20∫C are optimum temperatures for ripening; and pink and light -red ripeness depict
Identifying related journals through log analysis

Motivation: With the explosion of biomedical literature and the evolution of online and open access, scientists are reading more articles from a wider variety of journals. Thus, the list of core journals relevant to their research may be less obvious and may often change over time. To help researchers quickly identify appropriate journals to read and publish in, we developed a web application for finding related journals based on the analysis of PubMed log data. Availability: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/IRET/Journals Contact: luzh@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Multistage moisture transport into the interior of northern Mexico during the North American summer monsoon

The summertime sources and transport pathways of water vapor into the interior of southwestern North America are examined in a high‐resolution mesoscale model simulation. A complex multi‐stage transport pathway is associated with a pronounced diurnal cycle of deep convection and low‐level wind systems. Daytime thermal pumping of moisture from the Gulf of California towards the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) leads to widespread, deep convection. At night, land surface and atmospheric cooling generate drainage flows down both sides of the SMO. A nocturnal, low‐level jet forms above the western foothills and transports moisture north into the Sonoran Desert. Moist air draining to the east mixes with onshore flow from Gulf of Mexico and flows into the northern Chihuahuan Desert. The diurnal flow of moisture up and down the SMO and the formation of nocturnal, low‐level jets transport moisture into the core regions of the NA monsoon in NW Mexico.