Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid Intima-Media thickness in patient with type II diabetes

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a very prevalent condition determined by the infiltration of fat of liver cells. This study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between NAFLD and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) in patient with type II diabetes. This case-control study included three groups, including those with type II diabetes without NAFLD (n = 85), those with type II diabetes and NAFLD (n = 85) and non-diabetic individuals with only NAFLD (n = 85). The CIMT and the grading of the NAFLD were determined using an ultrasound B-mode. There was no significant difference between the case and control groups in term of overall mean of age (57±10 years vs. 56.9±8 years, respectively). Considering the two factors (diabetes and NAFLD) effect, with adjustment for age and gender as a confounding effect of diabetes (p = 0.01) and NAFLD (p = 0.022) on CIMT was significant. The mean right CIMT, left CIMT and overall CIMT in three different study groups of diabetic patients, according to various NAFLD grading showed no significant difference. Our findings showed a considerable association between NAFLD and increased CIMT, in which this association is not affected by the severity of fatty liver. So, immediate ultrasound screening and treatment for the patients with NAFLD are recommended to prevent CVD complications such as atherosclerosis considering early stages of fatty liver disease. © 2015 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
Evaluation of pulmonary functions in patients of type-2 diabetes mellitus

Background: The review of literature revealed conflicting documentation regarding the effect of type-2 DM (diabetes mellitus) on pulmonary functions. Some authors have reported normal pulmonary functions and even concluded that spirometry testing is not at all necessary in diabetic patients. Some studies have shown abnormal pulmonary functions in patients of DM. Moreover, the duration of DM and glycemic control have varied impact on the pulmonary functions. The present study was undertaken to resolve the conflict and also to explore the pulmonary functions in type-2 diabetics of this cross section of population. Methods: The pulmonary function tests FVC, FEV1, FEV3, PEFR and MVV were performed in 50 type-2 diabetics and 50 controls by computerized medspiror using standard laboratory methods. The data was documented statistically analyzed. By giving suitable class intervals, intra-diabetic groups were made to assess the effect of extent duration of diabetics on pulmonary function test. Results: Pulmonary functions FVC, FEV1, FEV3 PEFR and MVV were decreased in type-2 diabetes mellitus. Duration of type 2 DM was significantly associated with decrease in FVC, FEV1%, PEFR and MVV. Conclusions: Longer duration of type 2 diabetes is significantly associated with reduction in pulmonary functions FVC, FEV1%, PEFR and MVV which underlines the respiratory system as one of the target organs of type-2 diabetes mellitus.
Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus among Prison Inmates in Ghana

II DEDICATION. IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . V TABLE OF CONTENTS . VI LIST OF TABLES . IX LIST OF FIGURES . X LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . XI CHAPTER ONE . 1 3.
Abstract 15052: Cardiovascular Event Reduction Versus New-Onset Diabetes During Atorvastatin Therapy: Effect of Baseline Risk Factors for Diabetes

Background: Statins reduce cardiovascular (CV) events but increase the incidence of new-onset diabetes (NOD). We previously reported that in each of 3 large randomized trials using atorvastatin 80 mg/day, 4 risk factors were independent predictors of NOD: baseline fasting glucose >100 mg/dl, fasting triglycerides >150 mg/dl, body-mass index >30 kg/m 2 , and a history of hypertension. We sought to compare CV event reduction and NOD in 15,056 non-diabetic patients with coronary disease in the TNT (n=7,595) and IDEAL (n=7,461) trials. Methods and Results: Patients were randomized to atorvastatin 80 vs 10 mg/day (TNT) or atorvastatin 80 vs simvastatin 20-40 mg/day (IDEAL) and followed for a median of 5 years in both trials. CV events included coronary heart disease death, myocardial infarction, stroke and resuscitated cardiac arrest. High-dose atorvastatin was associated with an increased odds of NOD among participants with 2-4 risk factors (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.08-1.42, P=0.003), but not in those with 0-1 risk factors for NOD (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.77-1.22, P=0.77), when compared with low-dose atorvastatin or simvastatin ( Figure ). In contrast, high-dose atorvastatin was associated with a decreased odds of CV events regardless of the number of NOD risk factors present ( Figure ). There was a suggestive interaction between treatment and risk factor group in the prediction of NOD (P=0.07). Conclusion: Compared to low-dose statin therapy, treatment with atorvastatin 80 mg/day was not associated with an increased risk of NOD in patients with 0-1 NOD risk factors. Among patients with 2-4 NOD risk factors, atorvastatin 80 mg was associated with a 24% increase in NOD. CV events were significantly reduced with atorvastatin 80 mg regardless of NOD risk factors.
Lessons Learned from 23 Years of a Deaf Psychiatric Inpatient Unit: Part 1

The author was the director or co-director of a specialty Deaf psychiatric inpatient unit for 17 of its 23 years. This program was established as a culturally affirmative mental health program. The author reflects back on what this has meant and how the unit staff struggled to create a program that was both culturally and clinically competent. In Part 1 of this two part article, the lessons learned about some unique clinical challenges are discussed. These involved the challenges of working with ASL competent deaf persons and with deaf persons with severe language dysfluency in their best language, sign. The question of whether some of the deaf clients have a unique clinical syndrome involving severe language deprivation and an array of psychosocial deficits and behavioral problems is also discussed. Part II of the article discusses lessons learned about adaption of best practices in psychiatric rehabilitation for language and learning challenged deaf persons. In Part II, the author also reviews the lessons learned about staff and program development including the need to balance cultural and clinical competence and respond skillfully to Deaffhearing cross-
Facial injuries: Triage and applying damage control principles

Facial trauma varies widely in its severity and is also frequently associated with other injuries which can make prioritisation of injuries difficult. An effective method of triage is important to ensure this. This article describes one such approach and discusses the application of damage control principles to facial injuries. Both these issues commonly impact on the management of multiply injured patients with coexisting facial injuries during the initial stages of resuscitation or soon afterwards. Understanding facial trauma is based in part, on parallels with orthopaedic trauma.
The Effects of Vocational Rehabilitation Services for People with Mental Illness

We construct a structural model of participation in vocational rehabilitation for people with mental illness. There are multiple services to choose among, and each has different effects on employment, earnings, and receipt of DI/SSI. This is the first paper to jointly estimate VR service receipt, employment outcomes, and DI/SSI receipt. We estimate large effects for most of the services implying large rates of return to vocational rehabilitation.
Pneumonia and influenza vaccination in rheumatoid arthritis patients

It is widely accepted that adult patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as well as individuals with other autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Crohn’s disease are at a heightened relative risk for developing pneumococcal pneumonia and viral influenza [1-4]. To examine this problem, Shea et al. analyzed data from 3 large healthcare claims repositories in the United States to analyze rates of pneumonia from all-causes among adults with and without 1 or more of the chronic illnesses currently listed in the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ guidelines for indicators of who should receive pneumococcal vaccination and found that rates of all-cause pneumonia among persons with autoimmune diseases, particularly RA, SLE, or Crohn’s disease were substantially greater than rates in healthy persons [1]. Based on prior studies Perry et al. also indicated that an optimal time for administering influenza, pneumococcal and human papilloma virus vaccines, as well as others was before initiating non-biologic or biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) to patients with rheumatic diseases [2]. In a more recent study, Luque Ramos et al. confirmed that the prevalence of pneumonia in Germany requiring hospitalizations were 2-3-fold greater for RA patients compared to an age and sex-matched control group [5]. This association appeared to be especially critical in areas of Germany where vaccination rates tended to be on the low side.
Ethnobotanical survey and inventory of medicinal flora in the rural municipalities of Ait Ishaq, Tighassaline, El-Hammam and Ageulmam azegza - Khenifra province, Morocco-

In order to contribute to the enhancement of plant biodiversity and traditional phytotherapy of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) in Morocco, an ethnobotanical study was carried out over the different stages of vegetation in rural villages of Ait Ishaq, El-Hammam, Tighassaline and Ageulmame Azegza within the province of Khenifra. By using 200 question cards, an ethnobotanical field investigation were conducted during the two months May-April 2014, which focus on probabilistic, stratified and random sampling technique. The computerization of collections in database form is a way of testing the traditional knowledge, for a better description, valorisation and preservation of local pharmacopoeia pragmatically. It also helped to identify and verify the information discrepancies and so highlight the confusion in the identity of the plants in their mode of use and in ways of practicing traditional medicine. The study of medicinal flora has identified 71 medicinal species divided into 37 families and 61 genuses, with a prevalence of lamiaceae (13), and asteraceaes (9). The results of this study showed that the leaves are the most used part. Moreover, the majority of the remedies are prepared in decoction. On the diseases treated plan, the digestive affections are the most affections cured with a rate of 23,92%, followed by the metabolic affections (14,12%). The dose is still random, as 95.39% of the surveyed population use the medicinal herbs with no precise amounts. This study allowed to inventory the medicinal flora of the province of Khenifra, then to gather the maximum of informations concerning the therapeutic uses of the medicinal herbs practiced by the population.
Evaluation of fear of injections and its association with avoidance of dental treatment

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the intensity of needle phobia and to evaluate the different dimensions of fear of dental injections to help provide better care to the patients. Materials and Methods: A simple random technique was used and 250 adult patients above 18 years of age were selected who attended outpatients Department of Operative Dentistry, Baqai Dental College. A modified form of the structured questionnaire used by Milgrom et al. was generated. The items were scored based on the 5-point traditional Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Data were analyzed for descriptive analysis (mean, standard deviation) using the software SPSS version 19. Association of gender with fear of dental injections was evaluated using Chi-squared test (P = 0.05). Results: There was a statistically significant difference in fear of dental injections among male and female subjects. The most fearful aspect of dental injection was found to be fear of cross-infection. Fears associated with local anesthesia, for example, inadequate numbness, adverse reaction, and trouble in breathing or swallowing were the least common fears reported by the patients. Conclusion: This study highlighted that understanding the nature and extent of patients′ fear of injection is important for dentists to expand their knowledge of the association of fear of dental needles for the impact on the treatment outcome and reluctance of the patients intervene.
THE MAJOR CAUSES FOR CONDEMNATION OF MEAT IN N.S.W.

Summary The main causes for condemnation of meat in the year 1959 at the State Abattoir, Homebush, N.S. W. for cattle, pigs, sheep and calves are recorded. Diseases and conditions which are seen only occasionally have been omitted. A variable amount of the meat passed for human consumption may subsequently be condemned due to postmortem changes. This is not recorded. The incidence of certain diseases is, where possible, compared with previous records to show the position in regard to disease control. Records have been maintained of tuberculosis to show the incidence in the various lymph nodes of the body and of eye cancer to show the incidence in the various breeds of cattle.
Giant-Cell Tumors of Bone (Osteoclastoma)

1. A series of eighty-five cases of giant-cell tumors of bone studied in the course of the last twenty years is reviewed. Comparative clinical, roentgenographic, pathological, and systematic histochemical studies have been carried out. 2. The clinical and pathological findings confirm the necessity of treating these tumors as an entity, because they are neoplastic processes capable of progressive growth, recur in a large percentage of cases, and, in 7 to 15 per cent of cases become transformed into sarcomata. They may produce metastases without visible malignant transformation. The so-called variants, which in general have a favorable prognosis, are easily distinguishable from true giant-cell tumors. 3. With the exception of a few rare cases showing a frankly malignant microscopic structure, there was no evident correlation between the histological appearance and the clinical and roentgenographic features. For this reason, grading of this neoplasm is now considered of little value. It is sufficient to establish a diagnosis of true giant-cell tumor to justify complete resection of the lesion. This diagnosis can be made by aspiration biopsy. 4. I believe that the giant cell derives from the mononuclear cell of the stroma and is thus of mesenchymal origin. I think that it is formed not only by agglutination and conglomeration of these cells, as is maintained by the majority of writers, but also by repeated division of the stromal-cell nuclei, without corresponding cytoplasmic division. This is probably accomplished by amitosis or nuclear segmentation, which has been observed in tissue cultures. 5. Systematic histochemical investigations of normal tissues, true giantcell tumors, and many bone lesions and extra-osseous lesions, which are characterized by the richness of multinucleated giant cells, were done. The giant cells in these tissues have a very similar histochemical behavior. A close physiological and histogenetic relationship is thus established between normal osteoclastic and chondroclastic giant cells and those of giant-cell tumor. 6. Giant cells are characterized by an abundance of acid phosphatase, betaglucuronidase, and succinic dehydrogenase; the absence of alkaline phosphatase; and the presence in their cytoplasm of non-glycogen carbohydrates, principally acid mucopolysaccharides, and complex lipids. The stromal cells of giant-cell tumors do not generally show enzymatic reactions, nor do they possess glycogen, mucopolysaccharides, or glycolipids in significant amounts. 7. Histochemical study is of no diagnostic value when differentiating the giant-cell tumor from its so-called variants.
Prostate Cancer Screening Did Not Reduce Deaths from the Disease in a Large Randomized Trial

Setting and participants. 76,693 men aged 55 to 74 years in 10 U.S. study centers were randomly assigned to receive screening or usual care as determined by their regular physician. Patients in the screening arm were offered annual PSA testing for 6 years and DREs for 4 years, and all results were sent to patients’ health care providers. If the DRE was abnormal or if PSA was > 4.0 ng/mL, additional diagnostic testing was recommended and determined by the patient and his health care provider. Patients were excluded if they had a history of prostate, colorectal, or lung cancer or were undergoing current cancer treatment. The exclusion criteria were changed somewhat in 1995 to exclude any participants who had a PSA test in the 3 years prior to enrollment.
Fibroblast growth factor-2, chemoresistance and colorectal cancer

Fibroblast growth factor offers cytoprotection to SW620 colonic cancer cell line exposed to 5-Fluorouracil. SG Prabhudesai, S Rekhraj, G Roberts, M Seckl, AW Darzi, P Ziprin. BASO-ACS Joint Scientific Conference, London, September 2007. Fibroblast growth factor-2 reduces the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy in SW620 colorectal cell line. SG Prabhudesai, S Rekhraj, G Roberts, M Seckl, AW Darzi, P Ziprin. Association of Surgeons, Great Britain & Ireland (ASGBI) Annual Meeting, 'A First Class Service', Manchester, 18 -20 April 2007.
Survey of Environmental Health Status of the Selected Military Centers, 2013

Hossein Masoumbeigi 1 Norouz Mahmoudi 2 Mojtaba Sepandi 3 Ghader Ghanizadeh 4* Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. MSc Student, Student Research Committee and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health school, Baqiyatalla University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Targeted Intravenous Busulfan Combined with Fludarabine (tBuFlu) as Conditioning Prior to Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant: Early Results of Low Treatment Related Mortality.

Myeloablative doses of intravenous busulfan in combination with fludarabine have been employed as conditioning before hematopoietic cell allografts with reduced treatment-related toxicity and mortality. In this report, we describe the early results of a targeted busulfan pharmacokinetic dosing strategy (tBuFlu) used in combination with fludarabine before either related or unrelated grafts We treated 43 pts with tBuFlu prior to allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The median patient age was 48 (range 22–67) years. Patient diagnoses included AML (8 de novo, 6 with prior MDS, and 2 treatment related), MDS (6 pts), MF (5), NHL (5 pts), ALL (4 pts), CML (3 pts), CLL (2), MM (1) and PNH (1). Three patients had received a prior autologous HCT. Donors were HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1 matched siblings (24), matched unrelated donors (13), or unrelated donors mismatched for one HLA antigen (3), one HLA allele (2), or two HLA alleles (1). Fludarabine 40 mg/m2 was given intravenously daily for four days, with each infusion followed immediately by intravenous busulfan. The dose of busulfan for days 1 and 2 was 130 mg/m2. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed after the first infusion of busulfan; in 41 pts, the goal was to adjust busulfan doses for days 3 and 4 to achieve an average targeted Css level of 800–1000 ng/ml. Levels were drawn incorrectly in 4 of these pts and doses were not changed. Twenty-five (61%) pts had their doses adjusted, increased by 42% (± 28%) in 18 and decreased by 27% (± 14%) in 7, while 12 pts had Css within the desired range without adjustment. Patients received tacrolimus and standard doses of methotrexate for GVHD prophylaxis, with the exception of three patients treated with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil or cyclosporine and prednisone. Engraftment occurred in 41 (95%) pts. Median day to ANC > 500/uL was 16 days, range (range 12–28); median day to platelet count > 20,000/uL untransfused was 18 days (range 8–45). Thirteen (52%) of 25 pts followed for at least 100 days experienced acute GVHD requiring treatment. Two pts have died of transplant-related complications (aplasia and suspected fungal pneumonitis), and 4 pts have failed to achieve remission or have relapsed. Median follow-up is 115 days (range 17–361 days). The 100-day K-M estimate of survival for the whole cohort is 94%, and event-free survival 86%. The 100-day mortality in this study compares well with the 100-day mortality reported to the IBMTR for patients with AML, ALL, MDS, and CML transplanted from either HLA-matched siblings or unrelated donors. These preliminary results indicate that tBuFlu is a promising myeloablative regimen that can be utilized in older patients with low early treatment-related mortality. We plan to escalate the busulfan dose based on targeted Css to explore a potential dose-response relationship and improve control of malignancy.
Epidemiology of Genito-Urinary Tumors in Qatar (From a paper read in the 2nd Congress of Qatar Cancer Society

A retrospective review of genito-urinary tumors examined histopathologically in Qatar during the period 1998-2004 showed bladder cancer to be the most common followed by prostate, renal, testicularrenal pelvis and urethral tumours in order of decreasing prevalence. The apparent increasing annual prevalence of some tumors is discussed and the findings are compared with those reported from neighbouring countries and in literature from the West.
Performance of ultrasound in evaluating patients with obstructive jaundice

Poster: "ECR 2013 / C-1730 / Performance of ultrasound in evaluating patients with obstructive jaundice" by: "Y. H. A. Tsang, K. C. H. Lau, L. M. F. Tee, E. Kan; Hong Kong/CN"
Epidemiology of Use of a Traditional Spirit "Sodabi" in the General Population of Togo

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the profile of sodabi consumption in the Togolese population. This transverse descriptive study was conducted over a nine month period from June 9, 2013 to March 9, 2014, throughout the five regions of Togo. Findings demonstrated a clear profile of 2388 sodabi drinkers. 1672 (70.02%) men and 716 (29.98%) women. Prevalence was 62.45% in the population studied. Mean age was 35.3 years. Almost all subjects interrogated (98.48%) were togolese nationals. The study included the following ethnic and regional groups, the Kabye-Tem ethnic group (43.59%) and the Paragourma-Akan groups (23.50%) were the most represented among the subjects interrogated. More than a third (25.67%) of subjects interviewed was unemployed with a higher unemployment rate in the Maritime region and Lome Commune (37.16%). Most of the people interrogated (49.66%) were living as couples (married or cohabiting). 4.06% of subjects drank sodabi only. 51.40% of drinkers abused sodabi (40.59% men against 10.81% women). The prevalence of noxious alcohol use was high (12.35%) among unemployed participants. 25.51% of drinkers visited drinking establishments once a week and 22.10% almost every day. The euphoric effect of alcohol (45.23%) and friendly atmosphere (19.39%) of the drinking establishment were the main reasons for attendance (64.62%). Of the damage caused by the abuse of sodabi, 39.26% of subjects showed somatic or neurological complications and 60.74% psychological and psychiatric complications. Updating these data seems necessary, because combating excessive drinking is one of the main objectives of current togolese public health policy.