Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-Grade Phosphate Tailings Beneficiation via Organic Acid Leaching: Process Optimization and Kinetic Studies

In this paper, the beneficiation of rejected phosphate washing sludges (Ps) was investigated using acid leaching methods. Chemical analysis showed that these sludges are a low-grade ore (15.84% P2O5). The optimum milling parameters have helped to increase the P2O5 grade to 18.51%. Then, the effects of three different organic acids (acetic, lactic, and citric acid), acid concentrations, reaction temperatures, reaction times, and solid concentrations on the beneficiation of P2O5 were evaluated. Single-factor experiments indicate that with the optimal conditions: leaching for 60 min with an acetic acid concentration of 7%, a solid concentration of 25%, and a temperature of 40 °C, Ps could reach 30.1% P2O5 with a CaO/P2O5 ratio of 0.58. Taguchi experimental design, Pareto plot, desirability function, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) showed that the acid type has the most significant impact on the leaching and the optimized leaching conditions: 7% of acetic acid, a solid concentration of 30%, a reaction time of 100 min, and a temperature of 40 °C, helped to produce a Ps with 30.7% P2O5. The kinetic study showed that the leaching process was controlled by a chemical reaction, with an activation energy of 48.9 kJ/Mol, which confirms the chemical reaction’s control of the process.
Classical Enterotoxin Genes of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from the Raw Milk of Cows and Goats in Yogyakarta Indonesia

Milk is a highly nutritious food containing several essential nutrients. Consequently, it can be contaminated by pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed to analyze the genes encoding nine classical enterotoxins of S. aureus isolated from cow and goat raw milk. A total of 75 S. aureus isolates were obtained from milk samples of dairy cows (46 isolates) and Peranakan Etawa (PE) goats (29 isolates) from different farms in Yogyakarta Indonesia. Based on the cultural and biochemical properties and the 23S rRNA occurrence, all isolates could be identified as S. aureus. The seh gene was the most frequently observed in 21 isolates (45.65%) of cows, followed by the sea gene (in 8 isolates, 17.39%), the seg and the sei genes (each in 4 isolates, 8.69%). The sec is the only staphylococcal enterotoxin gene observed in S. aureus isolated from goat milk with the prevalence of 6.89%. The genes encoding four out of nine classical enterotoxins (seh, sea, seg, and sei) are commonly isolated from S. aureus in cow milk, but only sec gene can be found in the isolates from goat milk.
Genetic analysis of Sperata sarwari (Singharee) population fragmentized by Physical barriers in the Indus drainage system of Punjab, Pakistan.

Physical barriers like head works, dams barrages are main cause of fragmentation and declining of freshwater fish population in natural habitat. Present study focused on RAPD marker technique to assess the genetic variability among and between the populations of endangered sperata sarwari (Singharee) inhabited in the Indus drainage system of Punjab. Total eight populations (80 speciemen) of S. sarwari were collected from the up and downstream of four Rivers (Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi and Indus) of Punjab. Genomic DNA isolated from muscle tissue of adipose side and ten RAPD marker were used, which produced 50 scorable bands with average band ranging from 250–1050 bp which used for further genetic analysis of S. sarwari. Downstream Indus population of S. sarwari showed highest values of observed alleles (na), effected alleles (ne), Nei’s diversity (h), Shannon index (I) and polymorphism which indicated that downstream Indus population was more genetically variant. The genetic variability (0.5124) and genetic flow (0.4758) among the eight population S. sawari was observed. The up and downstream population showed the highest genetic distance (0.5738) and lowest genetic similarities (0.5634) which indicated complete isolation of Ravi population from other six population. Dendrogram showed that up and downstream Ravi population was completely isolated from the other six up and down stream population of S. sarwai. Overall results indicated that the presence of high fragmentation in River Ravi caused the destruction of habitat and decline in population of S. sarwai in the River Ravi.
Employee participation and job satisfaction in SMEs: investigating strategic exploitation and exploration as moderators

Abstract The study introduces three forms of employee participation in decision making in SMEs (work role, HR, and strategic) and tests two competing hypotheses regarding their positive and negative relationships with one aspect of employee wellbeing, namely job satisfaction. It further explores if one internal boundary condition – firms’ exploitation and exploration – moderates the three participation-satisfaction relationships. Using multilevel data collected from top managers and employees in Swedish SMEs, the results support positive connotations of participation, with work role participation having the strongest relationship with employee job satisfaction. The results additionally highlight the role of firms’ explorative orientation as an internal boundary condition for the three participation-satisfaction relationships. Specifically, the positive relationships of work role and strategic participation forms with job satisfaction were stronger under high levels of exploration. Surprisingly, participation in HR issues related negatively to satisfaction under the same conditions. The study advances HRM-SME research by discussing these findings, highlighting their implications for practitioners in SMEs, and proposing avenues for future research.
Assessment of the functional outcome of multiple discs prolapses treated with discectomy and surgical stabilization in tertiary care hospital in Salem district

Background: Low back pain affect up to 80% of people in the modern world at some point in their lives, creating high rates of activity limitation, work absence, impaired quality of life, and the need for medical care. To assess the functional outcome of patients with multiple discs prolapses treated with discectomy and surgical stabilization.Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted in the orthopedics department of Vinayaka missions Kirupananda Variyar medical college, Salem for two years between August 2019 and July 2020. A total of 30 patients presenting with lumbar disc herniation with radiculopathy and neurological deficits were included in the study. The diagnosis was confirmed by doing an X-ray and MRI of the lumbosacral spine. Patients were followed up for 6 months and the nature of the pain was assessed post-operatively using the Japanese orthopedic association system scoring for low back pain. It ranges from 0-15. Score 0 is the worst pain and 15 is normal.Results: The mean Japanese association score for low back pain was 7.2 before the surgical procedure and it was 12 after the procedure and the difference was found to be statistically significant. Among the postoperative complications, 4 patients developed failback syndrome and 1 patient had implant failure.Conclusios: Relief of radicular pain was associated with subjective satisfaction with the surgery among our study population, as evidenced by the decrease in radicular pain and the subjective satisfaction with the operation.
Model to Optimize the Decision Making on Processes in IT Departments

The objective of this article is the definition of an algorithm aimed to settle the sequence of implementation of Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) processes that should be followed in the technology departments for its proper management. The mathematical model presented solves the question of the best ITIL process to implement by using an optimization function that considers the objectives and restrictions given by the company. This model is the basis for an iterative greedy algorithm proposed that generates the optimal sequence of ITIL processes to implement. The algorithm has been proven in a company with satisfactory results: the proposed sequence of implementation allowed the company to properly manage the IT department as well as get close to competitors based on the objectives and restrictions reported by the company. The novelty of this contribution relies on the design of an algorithm to generate an optimal and specific sequence of ITIL processes to implement in the IT department of a company, as the previous solutions relied on generic sequences or required external consultants to get their opinion and so did not have a mathematical basis.
Z,E-Isomerism in a Series of Substituted Iminophosphonates: Quantum Chemical Research

Esters of iminophosphonic acids (iminophosphonates, or IPs), including a fragment, >P(=O)-C=N, can be easily functionalized, for instance to aminophosphonic acids with a wide range of biological activity. Depending on the character of the substitution, the Z- or E-configuration is favorable for IPs, which in turn can influence the stereochemistry of the products of chemical transformations of IPs. While the Z,E-isomerism in IPs has been thoroughly studied by NMR spectroscopy, the factors stabilizing a definite isomer are still not clear. In the current work, density functional theory (DFT, using M06-2X functional) and ab initio spin-component–scaled second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (SCS-MP2) calculations were carried out for a broad series of IPs. The calculations reproduce well a subtle balance between the preferred Z-configuration inherent for C-trifluoromethyl substituted IPs and the E-form, which is more stable for C-alkyl- or aryl-substituted IPs. The predicted trend of changing activation energy values agrees well with the recently determined experimental ΔG≠298 magnitudes. Depending on the substitution in the aromatic moiety, the Z/E-isomerization of N-aryl-substituted IPs proceeds via two types of close-in energy transition states. Not a single main factor but a combination of various contributions should be considered in order to explain the Z/E-isomerization equilibrium for different IPs.
Brokers, Social Networks, Reciprocity, and Clientelism

Although canonical models of clientelism argue that brokers use dense social networks to monitor and enforce vote buying, recent evidence suggests that brokers can instead target intrinsically reciprocal voters and reduce the need for active monitoring and enforcement. Combining a trove of survey data on brokers and voters in the Philippines with an experiment-based measure of reciprocity, and relying on local naming conventions to build social networks, we demonstrate that brokers employ both strategies conditional on the underlying social network structure. We show that brokers are chosen for their central position in networks and are knowledgeable about voters, including their reciprocity levels. We then show that, where village social networks are dense, brokers prefer to target voters who have many ties in the network because their votes are easiest to monitor. Where networks are sparse, brokers target intrinsically reciprocal voters whose behavior they
Mapping Emerging and Legacy Outlets Online by Their Democratic Functions—Agonistic, Deliberative, or Corrosive?

In this study, we offer a novel approach to research on migration reporting by focusing on the argumentative substance prevalent in different online outlets. Taking German refugee policy as our case in point we map the role that moral, ethical–cultural, legal, and pragmatic argumentations play within journalistic, partisan, and activist outlets; and how these coincide with incivility and impoliteness. Using dictionary-based content analysis on a data set of 34,819 articles from thirty online news outlets published between April 10, 2017, and April 10, 2018, we find that legacy mainstream media, partisan media, and activist media perform vastly different functions for the larger public sphere. We observe that human rights activist media perform an advocatory function by making the moral case for refugees, whereas corrosive partisan media at the fringe—particularly within the contra-refugee camp—often present opponents as inherently illegitimate enemies. Implications for public sphere theory and directions for future research on emerging and legacy media are discussed.
The Impact of Tax Knowledge, Tax Morale, Tax Volunteer on Tax Compliance

This study analyzes tax knowledge, tax morality, tax volunteers as well as tax compliance with the aim of measuring the influence of tax knowledge, tax moral and tax volunteers against tax compliance. The role of tax volunteers is important in tax understanding to increase tax compliance. Using the Slovin formula, the number of samples were taken as much as 100 samples of the total population in which there are 63,099 individual taxpayers. A Likert scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) was used as the study questionnaire. The test was conducted by using Partial Least Square (Smart PLS). This study showed that taxpayer compliance was significantly affected by tax knowledge, tax moral and tax volunteers. Given the importance of tax volunteer factors in increasing tax understanding and tax compliance, so the role of tax volunteers is indispensable. Tax moral is also an important factor that improves tax compliance. These meaningful results are really helpful in order to understand more about the challenges of taxpayer compliance improvement. These results also provide advanced stuffy on different tax subjects, in addition to the theoretical and social relevance, as well as the fact that study related to moral and tax volunteers is still very little. Keywords—tax knowledge, tax moral, tax volunteer, tax
Obtaining Ejaculates through Operant Conditioning of the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)

Background: The golden eagle, Aquila chrysaetos is one of the 65 species of birds of prey found in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. It has been estimated that the world population is 250 thousand specimens. The operant conditioning to obtain ejaculates of A. chrysaetos is described and to contribute to assisted reproduction protocols in captivity.Methods: In the reproductive season, the procedure was performed twice a week on 5 adult birds, in order to obtain ejaculates.Result: The study lasted 17 weeks, in which 160 contacts were made in total. It was possible to obtain 20 ejaculates, which were obtained from 3 birds. 4% success was achieved in obtaining ejaculates. Additionally, behaviors of clinical utility for diagnosis, care and well-being were conditioned in birds. The above should be considered in assisted reproduction programs, since, as demonstrated by the results of this study, not all the birds provide sufficient ejaculates, for which reason, the evaluation of the individuals that present the greatest advance in operant conditioning to include them in assisted reproduction programs.
Employer event communication and hospitality workers’ resilience during the COVID-19 crisis: the role of core beliefs examination and family support

Purpose Hospitality is one of the industries severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic It is vital to comprehend how to help the workforce in this service sector grow resilient through such a crisis This paper aims to unpack the role of employer event communication in promoting hotel workers' resilience Design/methodology/approach The data were garnered from 462 hotel workers who were on unpaid leave or layoff during the hotel shutdown Findings The results unfolded the positive link between employer event communication and hotel workers' resilience, for which core beliefs examination served as a mediation mechanism Family support was found to moderate the effect of employer event communication on core beliefs examination Practical implications The findings indicate to hospitality organizations that in face of a crisis such as the COVID-19, their employee resilience can be activated if they implement event communication activities They should further realize that their support should go hand in hand with family support in fueling employee resilience from the crisis Originality/value This study advances the understanding of how and when to promote resilience among hotel workers during a pandemic crisis
Board diversity and firm risk-taking in the tourism sector: Moderating effects of board independence, CEO duality, and free cash flows

This study examines the effect of board diversity on risk-taking for tourism firms and analyzes the moderating effect of board independence, CEO duality, and free cash flows in this proposed relationship. Using a composite index of board diversity and a sample of tourism firms from the US hotel, restaurant, and airline industries, we find that greater board diversity leads to lower risk-taking, measured in standard deviation of return on assets. Moreover, we report that the risk-reduction effect of board diversity is more profound when tourism firms have less board independence and less free cash flows for investments. When board diversity is decomposed into relation-oriented and task-oriented diversity attributes, we find that only the task-oriented diversity is influential in reducing firm risk-taking for tourism firms. Akin to main analysis, the board independence and free cash flows are significant moderators of the relationship between task-oriented diversity and firm risk-taking.
Binocular dynamics of accommodation, convergence, and pupil size in myopes.

The purpose of this work is to study the dynamics of the accommodative response as a function of the subject's refractive error, as a first step in determining whether an anomalous accommodative function could affect emmetropization or trigger myopia progression. A secondary goal was to establish potential relationships between the speed of accommodation and other parameters in the accommodation process. Parameters related to the speed and amplitude of accommodation, convergence, miosis, and change in high-order aberrations were measured during the accommodative process for 2.8 D demand in 18 young healthy subjects (mean age 25.0 ± 4.7 years) with a range of refractive errors between 0 and -7.5 D (spherical equivalent). Measurements were performed in real time (25 Hz) with an open-view binocular Hartmann-Shack (HS) sensor using a GPU-based processing unit. Correlation coefficients were calculated between refractive error and each computed variable. Additionally, the speed of accommodation was correlated with all the other parameters in the study. Correlation coefficients with refractive error had non-zero values for several parameters of the accommodative response but p-values were higher than 0.05 except in two cases: with pupil miosis speed (R = -0.49, p = 0.041) and with lag of accommodation (R = -0.57, p = 0.014). Additionally, correlation values with p-value < 0.05 were found between accommodation speed and convergence duration (R = 0.57, p = 0.014), convergence speed (R = 0.48, p = 0.044), and pupil miosis amplitude (R = 0.47, p = 0.049). We did not find strong evidence of a link between myopia and altered dynamics of the accommodation process. Only miosis speed was found to be correlated to refractive error with p < 0.05, being slower for myopes. On the other hand, increased lag of accommodation tends to be associated to larger refractive errors. Additionally, our data suggests that the faster the accommodation, the faster and longer the convergence and the larger the pupil miosis.
Political Connections, Industry Entry Choice and Performance Volatility: Evidence from China

ABSTRACT Based on dataset of Chinese listed manufacturing firms over the period 2008–2019, we examine the effect of the choice of industry entry as a mediating factor between political connections and firm performance volatility. The empirical results suggest that politically connected firms have more performance volatility, and political connections increase the likelihood of entering an emerging industry of national strategic importance or subject to entrance regulations. We further find that this choice leads to performance volatility at politically connected firms. Moreover, development of the institutional environment can reduce the effectiveness of political connections.
Circulating Tumor Cell Is a Clinical Indicator of Pretransplant Radiofrequency Ablation for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Introduction It is of great significance to confirm reliable indicators for the guidance of pretransplant radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aim to investigate whether circulating tumor cell (CTC) status is a clinical indicator for RFA before liver transplantation (LT) in HCC patients. Method CTC analyses were measured in 79 HCC patients. Clinical outcomes including progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared and analyzed between patients with and without pretransplant RFA. Result Forty-two patients were detected as CTC-positive and 18 patients received pretransplant RFA. Recurrence was correlated with CTC count (P=0.024), tumor number (P=0.035), liver cirrhosis (P=0.001), Milan criteria (P=0.003), and University of California San Francisco (UCSF) criteria (P=0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that patients with CTC-positive had a lower PFS rate (P=0.0257). For CTC-positive patients, the PFS rate of the pretransplant RFA group was significantly higher than the non-pretransplant RFA group (100% vs. 46.7%, P=0.0236). For CTC-negative patients, both PFS rate and OS rate were similar and without significant differences. In multivariate analysis, pretransplant RFA was the independent factor for PFS (P=0.025). Conclusion Pretransplant CTC status can guide the administration of pretransplant RFA in HCC patients which can improve PFS in CTC-positive HCC patients.
Chasing a pot of gold: an analysis of emerging recovery-oriented addiction policies in Flanders (Belgium) and The Netherlands

Abstract Following the paradigm shift to recovery in the Anglophone world, recovery is also gaining momentum in drug policy and practice in Flanders (Belgium) and the Netherlands. Since the meaning of recovery is being debated internationally, broadening the assessment of how the recovery framework is applied in policy discourse and how it is implemented in various international contexts is imperative. This comparative policy analysis aims to assess similarities and differences in addiction recovery vision, implementation, and evaluation in Flanders and the Netherlands. The thematic analysis draws upon a triangulation of different data collection methods: a focus group (n = 14) and interviews (n = 21) with key figures in the addictions field, followed by analyses of relevant policy documents (n = 9). Our findings show that a holistic vision of addiction recovery is endorsed in both countries. Although differences in policy development occurred (i.e. centrally driven in Flanders versus ‘bottom-up’ in the Netherlands), similar challenges emerged concerning recovery-oriented addiction policies. While policymakers in Flanders and the addiction sector in the Netherlands strongly proclaim recovery, structural implementation, dedicated funding, and systematic evaluation of recovery-oriented policies are lacking. This study suggests that systematic inclusion of experts by experience and aligning government and practice level funding and policies are crucial.