Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Mitochondrial Cytb Gene, Phylogeny and Phylogeography of Protected Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) from Serbia

Once a widespread and common species across the region of southeast Europe, the Griffon vulture is now confined to small and isolated populations across the Balkan Peninsula. The population from Serbia with 290 couples represents its biggest and most viable population that can serve as an important reservoir of genetic diversity from which the birds can be used for the region’s reintroduction or recolonization programs. To estimate the level of genetic diversity, the mitochondrial Cytb gene from 58 unrelated birds sampled during the marking in the nests was sequenced and compared to the homologous Griffon vulture sequences available in publicly accessible online databases. Phylogeographic analysis based on Cytb sequences showed that the most frequent haplotype is found in all Griffon vulture populations and that each population possesses private haplotypes. Our data suggest that the Griffon vulture population from Serbia should be used as a source population for restocking and reintroduction programs in the region. The observed genetic differentiation between the populations from the Iberian and Balkan Peninsulas suggest that the introduction of foreign birds from remote populations should be avoided and that birds from indigenous or neighboring populations, if available, should be used instead.
When Private Beats Public: A Flexible Value-Added Model with Tanzanian School Switchers

Despite the increasing popularity of private secondary education in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the return. In this paper, I estimate a private school learning premium in Tanzania, using administrative exam records for 635,000 students. I compare secondary school students with their primary school classmates who achieved the same primary school exam scores and control for peer effects and unobserved ability. On average, private schools improve exam scores by 0.54 of a standard deviation in 2 years. A regression discontinuity design suggests that the effect is causal, and subject-specific estimates are all positive but higher for mathematics relative to Kiswahili and English.
Rates and predictors of disengagement and strength of engagement for people with a first episode of psychosis using early intervention services: a systematic review of predictors and meta-analysis of disengagement rates

Disengagement is a problem in early intervention for psychosis services; identifying predictors is important to maximise mental-health care. To establish the average disengagement rate, time to disengage and predictors of disengagement or strength of engagement. Papers were identified from 5 databases and citation searches; chosen if they reported dis/engagement in early intervention services, discarded if they didn’t give a clear definition of disengagement. The studies were rated for quality and a systematic review identified predictors of engagement; meta-analysis established the average disengagement rate. Meta-regression evaluated associations between disengagement and year of study or length of follow up. 26 papers were reviewed comprising over 6800 participants, Meta-analysis of 15 eligible cohorts found that the average disengagement rate was 15.60% (95% confidence intervals 11.76%-20.45%), heterogeneity was considerable, important to note when reporting as a global average. Higher disengagement rates were associated with earlier studies and length of follow up; causal factors are unclear due to the lack of data and complex interaction between clinical and methodological issues. Robust predictors of disengagement were substance use, contact with the criminal justice system, medication non-adherence and lower symptom severity. Disengagement rates declined although the cause is not clear partly due to methodological variation, we suggest a guide for defining disengagement. Underpinning reasons for disengagement could include people who struggle to engage (substance users), don’t want to engage (medication non-adherence) or feel they don’t need to engage (lower symptomology). Future research should focus on minority status, education/employment during treatment and digital technologies.
A Pilot Study of a New Testing Method for Spatial Abilities Evaluation

A new study on spatial visualization abilities based on the Space Imagination Test (TPP) has been conducted in international cooperation between Poland and Slovakia. The goal of this study was not only to provide and analyze the levels of spatial skills of Polish and Slovak engineering students at technical universities but also to provide a validation of the test itself. The TPP-test has been developed in frame of the project VEGA 1 , which was granted by the Slovak Ministry of Education in 2000/2002. The test results have been statistically eval- uated and conclusions formulated.
The kinetic Alfvén-like nature of turbulent fluctuations in the Earth's magnetosheath: MMS measurement of the electron Alfvén ratio

The Kinetic Alfvén-like nature of turbulent fluctuations in the Earth’s magnetosheath: MMS measurement of the electron Alfvén ratio O.W. Roberts,1 Y. Narita,1 R. Nakamura,1 Z. Vörös,1, 2 and D. Verscharen3 1)Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, 8010, Austria 2)Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, Sopron, 9400, Hungary. 3)Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, RH5 6NT, UK
Cultivating & leveraging quilters’ harmonious passion

ABSTRACT A qualitative study explores the motivations that underlie quilters’ passion for their hobby and their strategic ramifications for bolstering faltering retailers. The researchers joined “passport”-carrying quilters and conducted interviews at several stores participating in a “Shop Hop” in Southeastern United States. Responses revealed the interviewees were driven by affective, altruistic, cognitive, creative, esteem, historical, health, social, and utilitarian motivations. Marketing strategies appealing to the identified motivations are proposed to aid retailers challenged by current market conditions.
Topology simulation and contact mechanics of bifractal rough surfaces*

A numerical method to generate bifractal surfaces due to a modification of the slope of the power spectral density function in the low- or high-frequency range is proposed. The method has been applied to simulate real surfaces of Ginkgo Biloba leaf scanned at two different magnifications by matching the corresponding experimental power spectral densities. Slight differences have been found in the statistical distributions of the asperity heights and curvatures for the lowest magnification that had marginal influence on the frictionless normal contact response of the surface. For highest magnification, however, the statistics of the simulated numerical surface were quite different from those of the real one, leading also to a significant difference in the normal contact results.
Critical Comparative Analysis of Measurement Based Centralized Online Voltage Stability Indices

In this paper, a detailed qualitative & quantitative comparative analysis of measurement based centralized voltage stability monitoring approaches using Thevenin equivalent is presented. These methods typically utilize the state estimation output, making them easily implementable at the control centers. The metrics for comparison are defined in terms of computation resources required, accuracy of identifying the critical loading point, critical contingency screening, and robustness to noise. These performance metrics are relevant for practical implementation and are presented on the IEEE 300 bus system and the MATPOWER 2383-bus system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic qualitative & quantitative comparison between various measurement based voltage stability methods using these performance metrics. The results will guide the utilities and operators about possible trade-offs between the various methods for large systems, enabling them to make an informed decision on the specific method to use for their needs.
Applying Science Process Skills in Understanding Chemical Equilibrium Through Experiment

Students from Teachers College coming from various regions causes variations in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor level. Some of them have a difficulty that leads to misconception in understanding the content in chemistry, particularly on chemical equilibrium. One of the ways to comprehend that content is by conducting experiments. This study aims to apply science process skills in understanding chemical equilibrium through the experiment method. This research also helps students in their experiments in which their ability is shaped to reach the level of application. Through experiment method, science process skill will develop and give a good response in giving action both in cognitive comprehension and ineffective as well as psychomotor level. The research method used is pre-experimental with a One-Group Pre-Post test Design. The result showed N-gain was 0.7, which classified high categories and science process skills showed good categories. The final result of this research was that students would be able to understand chemical equilibrium better by applying science process skills with an experiment.
SEISMIC PERFORMANCE AND ENGINEERING APPLICATION OF A SERIES OF RC SHEAR WALLS WITH CONCEALED BRACING

A new type of RC Shear wall with concealed bracing is proposed and systemically investigated. Firstly, twenty-two 1:3 scale low-rise specimens, four 1:3 scale mid-rise specimens and seven 1:4 scale coupled specimens are designed and the experimental research on seismic behavior under cyclic loading is carried out. Shaking table tests of two 1:8 scale models of RC shear wall structure with and without concealing bracings are carried out. Secondly, on the basis of these tests, mechanical models and seismic design methods of the shear walls are proposed. Finally, the significant effects on improving the seismic performance of structure is verified by applying the shear wall with concealed bracing in some buildings.
Operational experiences with inertial response provided by type 4 wind turbines

The need for inertial response provided by wind turbines (WTs) has been discussed in the industry for more than five years now. Yet, as of today only very few grid codes include specific requirements. Hence, the number of wind farms in commercial operation using such frequency control features is low, and knowledge of the real capabilities and limitations of inertial response from WTs is limited. The objective of this article was to summarise and to assess two years of operational experience with inertial response provided by type 4 WTs installed in a 138 MW wind farm in the Canadian province of Quebec. In order to put the topic into context, existing and anticipated future grid code requirements in respect to inertial response as well as related performance criteria were summarised. Data from high-frequency measurement devices recorded at various operating conditions and grid situations was downloaded and processed. The actual performance was compared with the expected characteristics for each of the measurements, which allowed identifying areas for further development. Results of dynamic simulations demonstrated that the methodology and the models used for frequency control studies need to be improved.
An Evaluation of Proximal Caries Managements among Practitioners in Mosul City.

Aims: To evaluate the diagnostic methods, preparation techniques and restorative materials used by dentists in Mosul City for the management of proximal carious lesions. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire sheet with numerous items were distributed randomly among 150 dentists (specialists and non–specialists) working in Mosul City. The sheets were collected and the data were analyzed. Results: The results revealed that there are several differences in performing specific steps of proximal caries diagnosis and the treatment among the dentists involved. Conclusions: The conclusions of this study indicated that the variations among dental practitioners in managing proximal caries refer to the role of the continuing dental education. Dentists are in need to be in contact through meetings ,lectures and training courses with the recent and up–to–date advancement in dentistry.
PREFERENCE TEST OF THE WEIGHTED SHOES

The purpose of this study was to use paired comparison approach to test the weighted shoe preference of the subjects. Forty subjects were recruited to put on five different weighted shoes and choose the preferred one after completing four paired comparisons. During the test, subjects were blind of any information from the shoes. The results showed that thirty-two (80%) out of the forty subjects preferred Shoe D or E, which centre of mass was close to the rear end of the shoe. Significant difference was found in shoe preference between the males and females (? 24=10.500, p=.033), while was not found between the lighters and heaviers (? 24=5.583, p=.233). The mechanism of the gender effect on the preference decision are unclear. The results of the weighted shoe preference test could be applied to athlete training or rehabilitation shoe design to be comfortable for the users.
The Impact Of Auditorâ€™s Independence On Audit Quality: A Theoretical Approach

Audit Quality is an audit conducted in accordance with auditing standards generally acceptable that can detect and report material misstatements in the financial statements include disclosure relating either caused by an error / fault or fraud, is able to provide assurance of internal control, and is able to provide going concern warnings. audit quality is affected by the auditor's independence. The more independent an auditor then increasing audit quality.
Conjoint trajectories of couples’ marital and parental conflictual behaviors and later-life mental, physical, and relational health

Conflictual marital and parental relationships mutually reinforce each other generating family-level stress. The cumulative experiences of stressful family conflictual circumstances (a family-level construct of family conflictual circumstances (FCC), based on marital and parental conflictual behaviors) affect a couple’s well-being. The present study, utilizing longitudinal data of 370 couples in enduring marriages and a person-centered approach, examined: a) the existence of heterogeneous groups of couples with FCC trajectory patterns, b) whether individual and contextual factors are associated with FCC trajectory patterns, and c) differential later-life health and relational consequences of these groups. We identified four heterogeneous groups of couples with distinct FCC trajectory patterns in the early middle years (from 1990 to 1994; approximately age 40 for both husbands and wives). Personal (neurotic vulnerability) and contextual factors (family financial hardship) influenced the development of the FCC trajectories, and FCC trajectory patterns were consequential for spouses’ later mental, physical, and relational health (2001). Two features of the longitudinal synchrony in FCC trajectory patterns (severity and synchrony) were utilized to explain the differential impacts of the trajectory patterns on spouses’ later health and relational outcomes.
A Post‐Phaseout Retrospective Reassessment of the Global Methyl Bromide Budget

Methyl bromide is a stratospheric ozone‐depleting substance with both natural and anthropogenic sources. The global budget of methyl bromide has never been fully understood as evidenced by the significant budget gap between the bottom‐up source estimates and calculated atmospheric losses. Atmospheric methyl bromide levels have declined significantly since Phase‐out under the Montreal Protocol began in 1999, and the atmosphere appears to have reached a new steady state during the past five years. Here, we reassess the global methyl bromide budget utilizing the 25‐year record of atmospheric methyl bromide measurements from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Global Monitoring Laboratory global flask network and a zonal 6‐box coupled global ocean/atmosphere model. Model inversions were used to estimate the total emissions required to account for the observed atmospheric methyl bromide levels. From 1995 to 2019, global land‐based emissions (natural and anthropogenic) declined from about 120 to 85 Gg y−1 and net ocean emissions increased from −5 to +5 Gg y−1. There remains an imbalance between the bottom‐up estimates of terrestrial sources and the inversion result. Based on the timing, magnitude, and spatial distribution of the imbalance we partition it into (a) a persistent or time invariant source located primarily in the tropics, and (b) a smaller time‐varying component that scales with the anthropogenic source during phase‐out. We hypothesize that the persistent source is likely natural and the time variant component is an artifact resulting from a slight underestimation of anthropogenic emissions.
Hair Shedding Evaluation for Alopecia: A Refined Wash Test

Purpose The aim of this study is to establish a refined wash test (RWT) and explore the characteristics of daily shedding hair parameters in normal individuals and patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) or telogen effluvium (TE). Materials and Methods Chinese subjects diagnosed as normal, AGA or TE were enrolled. For the RWT procedure, the subjects were asked to pre-wash their hair 24 hours before the first collection, then to wash and rinse their hair with flowing water above a sink covered with a piece of filtering cloth. All hairs entrapped in the filtering cloth were air dried and collected. This “wash-and-collect” process was repeated for 3 consecutive days with a 24 ± 2 hour interval. Collected hairs were counted manually, and hair diameter was measured by videodermoscope. Number and diameter of daily shedding hairs and percentage of vellus and terminal hairs were analyzed. Results A total of 176 subjects participated in and completed the study. Shedding hair number during daily shampooing was 27.9 ± 12.2, 52.2 ± 28.5 and 125.5 ± 62.7 hairs in normal, AGA and TE participants, respectively, and the differences between each two of the three groups were all statistically significant. Diameter of shedding hairs was 76.9 ± 9.0 μm, 60.0 ± 9.5 μm and 82.7 ± 9.2 μm in normal, AGA and TE, respectively. Along with advancement of AGA severity, shedding hair number was generally increased, while hair diameter decreased. The percentage of vellus hairs in AGA was significantly higher than in the normal and TE groups (8.3 ± 6.6% vs 1.0 ± 1.6% and 1.0 ± 1.0%). The combination of shedding hair number and percentage of vellus hairs had a high diagnostic confidence (AUC = 0.957) to diagnose AGA from normal. Shedding hair number alone showed high confidence to diagnose TE from normal (AUC = 0.999). Conclusion The non-invasive, easy-to-use RWT established in this study is a valuable tool to evaluate daily shedding hairs, which may be useful in diagnosis, dynamic monitoring of disease progression and treatment efficacy.
The acquisition of speech categories: beyond perceptual narrowing, beyond unsupervised learning and beyond infancy

ABSTRACT An early achievement in language is carving a variable acoustic space into categories. The canonical story is that infants accomplish this by the second year, when only unsupervised learning is plausible. I challenge this view, synthesising five lines of developmental, phonetic and computational work. First, unsupervised learning may be insufficient given the statistics of speech (including infant-directed). Second, evidence that infants “have” speech categories rests on tenuous methodological assumptions. Third, the fact that the ecology of the learning environment is unsupervised does not rule out more powerful error driven learning mechanisms. Fourth, several implicit supervisory signals are available to older infants. Finally, development is protracted through adolescence, enabling richer avenues for development. Infancy may be a time of organising the auditory space, but true categorisation only arises via complex developmental cascades later in life. This has implications for critical periods, second language acquisition, and our basic framing of speech perception.
The Impact of Digitalization on Firms’ Business Models. Opportunities and Limitations for Digital Leader

Digital innovations are often disruptive and result in a radical organizational change. To overcome this barrier and remain competitive, companies need to transform their business and adapt towards the new customer and market requirements. Especially with the new possibilities arising from Digitalization, Big Data, Internet of Things, and Industry 4.0 firms need to embrace new technological innovations, reflect on their current strategy, and explore new business opportunities systematically at early stages. To understand the impact of digitalization on firms' business models as well as the role of a digital leader in the business model innovation process, a twofold literature review has been conducted using Scopus as the database. The literature reviews have shown that digitalization has a big influence on companies' business models and forcing them to a digital transformation. To be successful in this changing process, dynamic capabilities as well as a digital leader with certain characteristics are playing an important role. Furthermore, a direct and indirect impact of the digital leader on the business model innovation has been identified. This paper contributes to a more precise and comprehensive understanding of business model innovation, digital transformation, and digital leadership, and proposes future avenues for research.
The Role of Homeless Shelter Workers: A Study of Staff Serving Homeless Veterans

This study examines how shelter workers who serve formerly homeless veterans perceive their experiences and performances related to their workplace. Previous research shows that perceived social support is strongly related to self-efficacy, work morale, and job satisfaction among workers. Interviews administered to homeless shelter workers reveal how they engage in daily tasks and recognize support systems at work. Results show that homeless shelter workers experience positive outcomes associated with their profession while they feel significant challenges and confrontations posed by clients. Acknowledging the critical role of the homeless shelter workforce in addressing veteran homelessness, this study emphasizes the importance of offering effective staff trainings. To support the homeless shelter workforce and develop its capacity, organizational effort should focus on promoting social support and protecting staff well-being.
A study on the socio-economic characteristics of contract and non-contract broiler farmers

The present study was intended to probe into the economic aspects of contract broiler farming relevant to the changes that have taken place in Chittoor district. Three stage sampling technique was followed for the selection of the ultimate broiler farms. The ultimate sample constituted 75 contract and 75 non-contract broiler farms. The percentage of family workers on the contract broiler farms was 67.83, while the same on non-contract broiler farms was 30. Greater percentage of non-contract farmers had college education compared to contract farmers. The assets on contract farms was value at Rs. 5,02,447 while the value of the same in non-contract farms was Rs. 7, 74, 744. The proportion of family labour on contract farms was 67.8 per cent, while the same on non-contract farms was 30 per cent only in respect of contract broiler farms the total costs per 1000 birds varied from Rs. 3,221 to Rs. 3,252 for the five batches with an average of Rs. 3,231. In the case of non-contract broiler farms, the total costs per 1000 birds varied from Rs.41,296 to Rs.46,042 for five batches with an average of Rs.43,801.