Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous phosphates of Nordvik, North Siberian Basin

Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous calcite-rich phosphate (fluor/hydroxy apatite) concretions in the North Siberian basin (Nordvik) have been analysed. Their mineralogical and geochemical (major, trace and rare earth element) characteristics are presented in a sedimentological context. Low oxygen conditions prevailed along large parts of the seafloor of this wide epicontinental sea. In the Nordvik region this, in combination with slow and very fine-grained clastic sedimentation, and high algal production, resulted in the formation of phosphatic concretions. The concretions mainly consist of microcrystalline to ultracrystalline apatite and calcite, with traces of sphalerite, pyrite, kaolinite, quartz and albite. The clastic composition of the concretions is comparable with the surrounding Nordvik shales. Dysoxic–anoxic conditions in the last precipitating pore-water phases (early diagenetic) are reflected in enrichments in, for example, vanadium, uranium and the rare earth elements in the concretions.
Effect of an Integrated Clinical Pharmacist on the Drivers of Provider Burnout in the Primary Care Setting

Purpose: As the prevalence of provider burnout continues to increase, it is critical to identify interventions that may impact provider satisfaction, such as an integrated clinical pharmacist. This study aimed to assess the perceived effect of pharmacist integration on primary care provider satisfaction and drivers of provider burnout in the primary care setting. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with 11 questions across 4 domains was distributed to primary care providers in a large integrated health system. Results: Of 295 providers invited to take the survey, 119 responded (40% response rate). Most providers had worked with a pharmacist for at least 2 years and utilized them weekly or daily. At least 87% of provider respondents strongly agreed or somewhat agreed that the integrated clinical pharmacist reduced their workload by working directly with patients and non-provider staff, improved overall medication use, helped patients meet health goals and quality measures, and overall helped them to effectively manage their panel of patients. Providers found greater meaning in work through the presence of the clinical pharmacist, which allowed them more time to focus on professionally fulﬁlling aspects of their work and helped them feel less emotional exhaustion. Overall, 91% of providers were extremely satisﬁed with the clinical pharmacy service. Conclusions: These ﬁndings may be used to justify the expansion of clinical pharmacy services in primary care to practice areas experiencing problems with 4 speciﬁc drivers of provider burnout: workload and job demands, efﬁciency and resources, meaning in work, and social support and community at work. ( J Am Board Fam Med 2021;34:553–560.)
Pregnancy outcomes in aquaporin-4–positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

Objective: To investigate the association between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and pregnancy outcome. Methods: An international cohort of women with aquaporin-4 antibody–positive NMOSD and ≥1 pregnancy was studied retrospectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate whether pregnancy after NMOSD onset was associated with an increased risk of miscarriage (cohort of 40 women) or preeclampsia (cohort of 57 women). Results: Miscarriage rate was higher in pregnancies after NMOSD onset (42.9% [95% confidence interval 17.7%–71.1%] vs 7.04% [2.33%–15.7%]). Pregnancies conceived after, or up to 3 years before, NMOSD onset had an increased odds ratio of miscarriage (7.28 [1.03–51.6] and 11.6 [1.05–128], respectively), independent of maternal age or history of miscarriage. Pregnancies after, or up to 1 year before, NMOSD onset ending in miscarriage were associated with increased disease activity from 9 months before conception to the end of pregnancy, compared to viable pregnancies (mean annualized relapse rate 0.707 vs 0.100). The preeclampsia rate (11.5% [6.27%–18.9%]) was significantly higher than reported in population studies. The odds of preeclampsia were greater in women with multiple other autoimmune disorders or miscarriage in the most recent previous pregnancy, but NMOSD onset was not a risk factor. Conclusions: Pregnancy after NMOSD onset is an independent risk factor for miscarriage, and pregnancies conceived at times of high disease activity may be at increased risk of miscarriage. Women who develop NMOSD and have multiple other autoimmune disorders have greater odds of preeclampsia, independent of NMOSD onset timing.
Infrared thermography in applied road climatological studies

Abstract The aim of this paper is to describehow infrared thermography is used to analyse variation in road surface temperature during clear calm nights. Having knowledge of surface temperature variations along road stretches makes it possible to give an accurate survey of the risk of local slipperiness. The infrared equipment used is an Agema 870-system arranged on various kinds of platforms, stationary, car- and helicopter-mounted. Several factors are of importance in causing surface temperature variations, such as screening from the sun, variation in traffic intensity and construction materials of the road. This article reviews the influence of these factors on road surface temperature and how various platforms could be used to conduct detailed recordings. Sun screening by road rock cuts causes shadow patterns resulting in surface temperatures which are low when compared with sun exposed areas. Height and orientation of the screening object determine the intensity of the surface temperature difference.
Magnetic field fluctuation features at Swarm's altitude: A fractal approach

The European Space Agency's Swarm mission provides a qualitatively new level of observational geomagnetic data, which allows us to study the spatial features of magnetic field fluctuations, capturing their essential characteristics and at the same time establishing a correlation with the dynamics of the systems responsible for the fluctuations. Our study aims to characterize changes in the scaling properties of the geomagnetic field's spatial fluctuations by evaluating the local Hurst exponent and to construct maps of this index at the Swarm's altitude (∼460 km). Since a signal with a larger Hurst exponent is more regular and less erratic than a signal with a smaller one, the maps permit us to localize spatial structures characterized by different scaling properties. This study is an example of the potential of Swarm data to give new insights into ionosphere‐magnetosphere coupling; at the same time, it develops new applications where changes in statistical parameters can be used as a local indicator of overall magnetospheric‐ionospheric coupling conditions.
Peripheral polyneuropathy in patients receiving long-term statin therapy Invited Editorial / Davetli Editöryal Yorum

Although drug-induced neuropathies (DIN) are not very common, they are one of the main reasons of peripheral neuropathies. [1] DIN cause to sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunctions depending on the type of the peripheral nerve involvement. As significant recovery could be observed after discontinuation of the causal agent drug, early diagnosis is important. However, symptoms of DIN are usually seen after months or years of exposure. [2] Therefore, defining the causal relationship between the drugs and long term side effects like drug-induced peripheral neuropathies is not easy always, and commonly missed. Electrodiagnostic tests are the most important methods to confirm tthe peripheral neuropathy. [3] We classify the type of neuropathy, the location and severity of the nerve injury by electroneuromyography (ENMG).
A randomized controlled trial testing a virtual perspective-taking intervention to reduce race and SES disparities in pain care

We conducted a randomized controlled trial of an individually-tailored, virtual perspective-taking intervention to reduce race and socioeconomic (SES) disparities in providers’ pain treatment decisions. Physician residents and fellows (n=436) were recruited from across the United States for this two-part online study. Providers first completed a bias assessment task in which they made treatment decisions for virtual patients with chronic pain who varied by race (Black/White) and SES (low/high). Providers who demonstrated a treatment bias were randomized to the intervention or control group. The intervention consisted of personalized feedback about their bias, real-time dynamic interactions with virtual patients, and videos depicting how pain impacts the patients’ lives. Treatment bias was re-assessed one week later. Compared to the control group, providers who received the tailored intervention had 85% lower odds of demonstrating a treatment bias against Black patients and 76% lower odds of demonstrating a treatment bias against low SES patients at follow-up. Providers who received the intervention for racial bias also showed increased compassion for patients compared to providers in the control condition. Group differences did not emerge for provider comfort in treating patients. Results suggest an online intervention that is tailored to providers according to their individual treatment biases, delivers feedback about these Corresponding author: Adam Hirsh, PhD, 402 N Blackford St., LD124, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Phone: (317) 274-6942, Fax: (317) 274-6756, athirsh@iupui.edu. HHS Public Access Author manuscript Pain. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 October 01. Published in final edited form as: Pain. 2019 October ; 160(10): 2229–2240. doi:10.1097/j.pain. 0000000000001634. A uhor M anscript
Complex hydraulic interactions between compartmentalized carbonate aquifers and heterogeneous siliciclastic successions: a case study in southern Italy

The sedimentary sequences containing lithologic units with low permeability represent hydrogeologic systems, which, as of now, have been little studied despite their diffusion worldwide. A hydrogeologic study, aimed to assess the main factors controlling the groundwater flow dynamics in such systems and their hydraulic interactions with nearby carbonate aquifers, has been carried out in Longano (Isernia, Southern Italy).
Supersaturation and evasion of CO2 and CH4 in surface waters at Mer Bleue peatland, Canada

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) concentrations and evasion rates were measured in surface waters draining Mer Bleue peatland (Ontario, Canada) between spring and autumn 2005. All sites exhibit a consistent pattern of supersaturation throughout the year, which is broadly related to hydrological and temperature changes between spring snowmelt and autumn freezing. Both measurements and estimates of CO2 and CH4 evasion from open water to the atmosphere suggest that parts of the catchment (including beaver dams) are significant degassing hot spots. We present data showing how vertical gaseous carbon fluxes compare with lateral carbon fluxes and make an initial estimate of the importance to the overall carbon budget of CO2 and CH4 evasion to the atmosphere from water surfaces at Mer Bleue. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Instability and liquefaction of granular soils under undrained and partially drained states

An experimental investigation of the initiation of instability (liquefaction) in saturated sand under partially drained conditions is presented. The domain of stress space in which this instability develops is identified under various degrees of drainage, and its relationship to the zone of instability observed under undrained shear is explored. It is shown that partially drained conditions may render sand unstable that would otherwise be stable in a completely undrained state. Extremely small void ratio increases that cannot be regarded as physical loosening of sand, if sand is partially drained, contribute to instability. Implications of the findings are discussed in practical problems of liquefaction.Key words: sand, liquefaction, undrained, partially drained, instability, triaxial test.
A Systematic Review of Behavioral Interventions to Decrease ng After Surgery

Objective: The aim of this study was to summarize strategies to reduce postsurgical opioid prescribing at discharge. Summary Background Data: Current practices for the prescription of opioids at discharge after surgery are highly variable and often excessive. We conducted a systematic review to identify behavioral interventions designed to improve these practices. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO until December 14, 2018 to identify studies of behavioral interventions designed to decrease opioid prescribing at discharge among adults undergoing surgery. Behavioral interventions were defined according to the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) taxonomy. We assessed the risk of bias of included studies using criteria suggested by Cochrane EPOC and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Of 8048 citations that were screened, 24 studies were included in our review. Six types of behavioral interventions were identified: local consensusbased processes (18 studies), patient-mediated interventions (2 studies), clinical practice guidelines (1 study), educational meetings (1 study), interprofessional education (1 study), and clinician reminder (1 study). All but one study reported a statistically significant decrease in the amount of opioid prescribed at discharge after surgery, and only 2 studies reported evidence of increased pain intensity. Reductions in prescribed opioids ranged from 34.4 to 212.3 mg morphine equivalents. All studies were found to have medium-tohigh risks of bias. Conclusions: We identified 6 types of behavioral strategies to decrease opioid prescription at discharge after surgery. Despite the risk of bias, almost all types of intervention seemed effective in reducing opioid prescriptions at discharge after surgery without negatively impacting pain control.
Breakthrough moments: Yoshiki Sasai’s discoveries in the 3 rd dimension

Yoshiki Sasai pioneered the organoid field with his idea of mimicking embryonic development in 3D. We shine a spotlight on his seminal work describing how the innate ability of embryonic stem cells to self-organize into layers and grow in a polarized fashion fosters their appropriate differentiation and response to morphogens. As Hans Clevers highlighted in 2016, the use of the term “organoid” witnessed a revival in recent years and acquired a new meaning. In the past four decades, “organoids” were mainly used in classic developmental biology experiments in the effort to study organogenesis by cell dissociation-reaggregation experiments. Now the term refers to three-dimensional (3D) aggregates obtained from embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and tissue-specific adult stem cells (aSCs), implying an organized system where undifferentiated cells develop in a coordinated fashion. Yoshiki Sasai pioneered this new conceptualization.
Variability of the Atlantic inflow to the Nordic Seas and its causes inferred from observations of sea surface height

[1] We investigate the potential to use sea surface height observed with satellites and tide gauges to explore and to estimate the variability of volume transport of Atlantic water to the Nordic Seas. It is shown that the variability of the Atlantic inflow to the Nordic Seas over the Iceland Faroe Ridge (Faroe Current) primarily responds to an oceanic regime dominated by steric height changes in the interior Nordic Seas. In contrast, variations in the Norwegian Atlantic Slope Current measured at the Svinoy section are largely driven by direct wind forcing. Using linear regression analysis, volume transports anomalies were successfully modeled from the leading modes of altimeter-derived sea surface height and reconstructed back in time using sea surface height observations from tide gauges. The reconstructions explain 22% and 38% of the observed variability in the Faroe and Svinoy currents, respectively. For the Svinoy Current, the reconstruction indicates that the volume transport variability is typically of the order ± 1 Sv. High inflow around 1983 and low inflow around 1987 coincide with times when respectively warm and cold anomalies passed through the system.
App-Based Versus Standard Six-Minute Walk Test in Pulmonary Hypertension: Mixed Methods Study

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic disease of the pulmonary vasculature that can lead to heart failure and premature death. Assessment of patients with PAH includes performing a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in clinics. We developed a smartphone app to compute the walked distance (6MWD) indoors, by counting U-turns, and outdoors, by using satellite positioning. Objective: The goal of the research was to assess (1) accuracy of the indoor 6MWTs in clinical settings, (2) validity and test-retest reliability of outdoor 6MWTs in the community, (3) compliance, usability, and acceptance of the app, and (4) feasibility of pulse oximetry during 6MWTs. Methods: We tested the app on 30 PAH patients over 6 months. Patients were asked to perform 3 conventional 6MWTs in clinic while using the app in the indoor mode and one or more app-based 6MWTs in outdoor mode in the community per month. Results: Bland-Altman analysis of 70 pairs of conventional versus app-based indoor 6MWDs suggests that the app is sometimes inaccurate (14.6 m mean difference, lower and upper limit of agreement: –133.35 m to 162.55 m). The comparison of 69 pairs of conventional 6MWDs and community-based outdoor 6MWDs within 7 days shows that community tests are strongly related to those performed in clinic (correlation 0.89), but the interpretation of the distance should consider that differences above the clinically significant threshold are not uncommon. Analysis of 89 pairs of outdoor tests performed by the same patient within 7 days shows that community-based tests are repeatable (intraclass correlation 0.91, standard error of measurement 36.97 m, mean coefficient of variation 12.45%). Questionnaires and semistructured interviews indicate that the app is usable and well accepted, but motivation to use it could be affected if the data are not used for clinical decision, which may explain low compliance in 52% of our cohort. Analysis of pulse oximetry data indicates that conventional pulse oximeters are unreliable if used during a walk. Conclusions: App-based outdoor 6MWTs in community settings are valid, repeatable, and well accepted by patients. More studies would be needed to assess the benefits of using the app in clinical practice. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04633538; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04633538 (JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021;9(6):e22748) doi: 10.2196/22748
A partially preserved last interglacial estuarine fill: Narrawallee Inlet, New South Wales

Amino acid racemization and radiocarbon dating of fossil molluscs from a composite estuarine valley fill, Narrawallee Inlet, New South Wales, indicates that the sequence formed in response to two glacio‐eustatic sea‐level highstands. The lower portion of the valley fill is of last interglacial age (oxygen isotope substage 5e) and is disconformably overlain by Holocene sediments. Both units were deposited under estuarine conditions. The results add to the limited body of geochronological evidence for Pleistocene marginal marine deposits in southern southeast Australia and extend the known occurrence of Late Pleistocene remnants. The sequence also permits an assessment of the preservation potential of some estuarine facies and provides stratigraphic information that may be used to account for the variety of estuary infill states along the New South Wales south coast.
Optimizing Surveillance for South American Origin Influenza A Viruses Along the United States Gulf Coast Through Genomic Characterization of Isolates from Bluewinged Teal (Anas discors)

Optimizing Surveillance for South American Origin Influenza A Viruses Along the United States Gulf Coast Through Genomic Characterization of Isolates from Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors) A. M. Ramey, P. Walther, P. Link, R. L. Poulson, B. R. Wilcox, G. Newsome, E. Spackman, J. D. Brown and D. E. Stallknecht 1 US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK, USA 2 Department of Population Health, Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA 3 US Fish and Wildlife Service, Texas Chenier Plain Refuge Complex, Anahuac, TX, USA 4 Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Baton Rouge, LA, USA 5 City of Beaumont Wastewater Treatment Plant, Beaumont, TX, USA 6 Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Athens, GA, USA
Increases in the Flux of Carbon Belowground Stimulate Nitrogen Uptake and Sustain the Long-term Enhancement of Forest Productivity under Elevated Co 2

The earth's future climate state is highly dependent upon changes in terrestrial C storage in response to rising concentrations of atmospheric CO 2. Here we show that consistently enhanced rates of net primary production (NPP) are sustained by a C-cascade through the root-microbe-soil system; increases in the flux of C belowground under elevated CO 2 stimulated microbial activity, accelerated the rate of soil organic matter decomposition and stimulated tree uptake of N bound to this SOM. This process set into motion a positive feedback maintaining greater C gain under elevated CO 2 as a result of increases in canopy N content and higher photosynthetic N-use efficiency. The ecosystem-level consequence of the enhanced requirement for N and the exchange of plant C for N belowground is the dominance of C storage in tree biomass but the preclusion of a large C sink in the soil.
Risk Preferences Are Not Time Preferences

Risk and time are intertwined. The present is known while the future is inherently risky. This is problematic when studying time preferences since uncontrolled risk can generate apparently present-biased behavior. We systematically manipulate risk in an intertemporal choice experiment. Discounted expected utility performs well with risk, but when certainty is added common ratio predictions fail sharply. The data cannot be explained by prospect theory, hyperbolic discounting, or preferences for resolution of uncertainty, but seem consistent with a direct preference for certainty. The data suggest strongly a difference between risk and time preferences. (JEL C91 D81 D91)
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES RISK PREFERENCES OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN RELATION TO GENDER, COGNITIVE SKILLS, SOFT SKILLS, AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS

Corresponding author: Anya Samek, anyasamek@gmail.com. We thank the Kenneth and Anne Griffin Foundation, the Hymen Milgrom Family Foundation and the National Institutes of Health grant #DK114238 for funding this research. Andreoni also acknowledges financial support from the National Science Foundation, Grant SES-165895. We thank Illinois School District 170, Harvey District 152, Crete Monee CUSD 201U, and Matteson District 159 for accommodating our research project. For excellent research assistance, we thank Edie Dobrez, Kristin Troutman, Rui Chen, Kevin Sokal, Katie Auger, Clark Halliday, Joe Seidel, Tarush Gupta and research assistants at the Becker Friedman Institute at the University of Chicago and the Behavioral and Experimental Economics (BEE) research group at the University of Southern California. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Synoptic climatology; methods and applications

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