Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of serum total PSA level and free-to-total PSA ratio with grade of prostate cancer in biopsy specimens

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the men older than 50 years. It is in second place after lung cancer. Although the cause of prostate carcinoma has remained unknown, but clinical and experimental observations suggested the effective role of hormonal, genetic and environmental factors. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between total serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and free PSA to total PSA ratio with prostate cancer malignancy grade in biopsy specimens, and was performed according to Gleeson criteria. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical study. In patients with prostatic carcinoma the serum level of total PSA and free PSA were measured and according to the Gleason scoring system degree of malignancy was investigated. All data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: A significant and direct relationship between free PSA/total PSA and Gleason score was found. Also, a significant correlation was observed between serum PSA level and the grade of the disease. Conclusion: Considering that prostatic carcinoma is one of cancers usually diagnosed late and since biopsy is hardly accepted by patients, with regard to the relationship between serum levels of free PSA and free PSA/total PSA ratio we can use serum level of free PSA and total PSA for diagnosis. Consequently, not only rapid and timely diagnosis of all types of cancer can have a positive impact on the healing process but also have particular effect in the treatment and reducing mortality established by this disease. Key point Considering that prostatic carcinoma is one of cancers usually diagnosed late and since biopsy is hardly accepted by patients, with regard to the relationship between serum levels of free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and free PSA/total PSA ratio we can use serum level of free PSA and total PSA for diagnosis. Consequently, not only rapid and timely diagnosis of all types of cancer can have a positive impact on the healing process but also have particular effect in the treatment and reducing mortality established by this disease. Citation Yazdani M, Baradaran A, Tamadon MR, Khodadadi S, Kabiri M, Koushki AM, et al. Association of serum total PSA level and free to total PSA ratio with grade of prostate cancer in biopsy specimens. Immunopathol Persa. 2016;2(2):e21.
Intracranial Hypotension Syndrome with Cortical Venous Thrombosis: A Rare Case

A married woman aged 31 years who was a vegetarian presented with symptoms of fever with orthostatic throbbing headache, which she had for 7 days. Lumber puncture with manometry showed a low pressure of 40 mmH2O. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed prominent bilateral symmetric pachymeningeal enhancement with prominent engorged venous sinuses suggestive of intracranial hypotension syndrome. Magnetic resonance venography showed non-visualization of the left transverse and sigmoid sinus suggestive of cortical venous thrombosis. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension, though rare is a real risk factor for cortical venous thrombosis. A high degree of suspicion is needed for a timely diagnosis.
Global Migration, Local Communities and the Absent State: Resentment and Resignation on the Italian Island of Lampedusa

This article draws on the case of the Italian island of Lampedusa to explore how global migration nurtures populist discourses at the local community level. Lampedusa, a key transitory site for migrants crossing the Mediterranean Sea to reach Europe, revealed strong concerns about the neglect of local public services and the mismanagement of migration. These concerns fed a deep sense of resentment that the islanders addressed toward the Italian state, resonating with the experiences of other communities around the world and reifying populist ideas. Based on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork, and disseminated by a film documentary, the article reveals how apparently similar global populist experiences disclose different local worries and long-term historical processes. In doing so, it unfolds the socially situated nature of Lampedusa’s populist resentment and so it contributes to a more thorough understanding of the relation between local communities and the national state as it is being reflected through debates on migration.
Efficient light-duty engine using turbulent jet ignition of lean methane mixtures

Diesel engines use diffusion-controlled combustion of a high-reactivity fuel and offer high efficiencies because they combine lean combustion with a high compression ratio. For low-reactivity fuels such as gasoline or natural gas, premixed combustion is used, which leads to lower efficiency levels as usually stoichiometric combustion is combined with lower compression ratios. Trying to apply diesel-like process parameters to low-reactivity fuels inevitably leads to problems with classical spark ignition systems as they are not able to establish robust flame propagation for such hard-to-ignite conditions. One possibility to enable fast combustion for diluted mixtures at high pressure levels is to establish ignition in a prechamber and ignite the charge of the main combustion chamber using the turbulent jets exiting the prechamber. In this study, the experimental results of a prechamber-equipped four-cylinder natural gas engine with 2 L displacement are discussed in detail. In the majority of the engine map, auxiliary fueling is used in the prechamber and a global air–fuel equivalence ratio λ is set to 1.7. At full load, a λ of 1.5 is applied without auxiliary prechamber fueling. The experiments show that such a setup is able to achieve brake efficiency levels of above 45% while maintaining peak brake mean effective pressure levels above 20 bar. At high load conditions, cylinder pressure levels at ignition timing achieve more than 80 bar and cylinder peak pressures of around 180 bars occur. The technology proved to enable robust and very fast combustion at comparably low NOx levels. A remaining challenge for the on-road use of such a technology is the reduction of the methane emissions at lean conditions.
Reflexiones críticas de la sostenibilidad como construcción políticamente correcta del desarrollo

The Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals, 2030 SDG, do not arise a real way out of the present civilizing crisis, the one that is taking place in more and more academic, social and politics scenarios. Therefore, the sustainable development speech so spread by the international organizations, government, transnational enterprises and some members from the civil society, only reflects a point of view called «appropriate politically». This is the one promoting a variety of values and postulates inherit from a modern way of thinking aimed at overriding critical conscience of the people in relation to the real causes of that crisis. Among these causes, we can mention the system of the Wild Capitalism and its consequences that come from the exacerbated consumerism and the intensive exploitation of the natural resources. To that effect, beyond the sustainable development and its goals 2030, this sustainable proposal, as a real and independent alternative, aimed at configuring a new global reality on base of healthy and harmonic relations between human beings and, human beings and nature as recognizing themselves as part of it. Because of it, it is very important to unveil the theoretical and conceptual construction of
Person-centered Care and Nursing Service Quality of Nurses in Long-term Care Hospitals

Purpose: This study investigated the correlation between person-centered care (PCC) and nursing service quality of nurses in long-term care hospitals. Methods: The subjects were 114 nurses working in 8 long-term care hospitals. Instruments for evaluating PCC and nursing service quality were used. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, two samples-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson`s correlation and Multiple regression. Results: The mean of PCC was 3.25±0.45 out of 5 and the nursing service quality was 3.87±0.40. There were significant differences in PCC in terms of age and income satisfaction, the application of their opinions, the satisfaction of hospital managers, administrators and nurse managers. There were significant differences in nursing service quality according to age, position, the satisfaction of hospital managers, administrators and nurse managers. Nurses` PCC showed a significant positive correlation with nursing service quality. Factors influencing nursing service quality included PCC, their position and age and the most influencing one was PCC. Conclusion: This study suggests that the PCC is the strongest affecting element to the quality of nursing service in long-term care hospitals. Therefore, the strategies to improve the practice of person-centered care should be carried out to enhance the quality of nursing service.
Necrotizing soft tissue infections: a clinical profile

Background: Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are a rapidly progressing fatal disorder and the prognosis of which depends on early diagnosis and management. Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out in the surgical department of Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute from August 2010 to August 2012 in 75 patients presented with NSTIs having extensive tissue necrosis. The following parameters were analyzed: demographics, infection site, laboratory findings, isolated microorganisms, antibiotics used, total hospital stays, predisposing factors, associated comorbidities and secondary management performed. Results: 75 patients with NSTIs were enrolled in this study. Youngest in this series is 3 years and oldest patient was 89 years old, with most-commonest age group being 41 to 60 years. Average age of patients is 55 years. Male: Female is in the ratio 9:1. Diabetes mellitus was seen as the common underlying disease in 20 patients. Lower limb (85%) was the most commonly affected site. Most of the patients (69) arrived with a delay in intervention of more than 3 days. Average delay in intervention from onset of symptoms of patients is 10 days. After analyzing, 26 patients were categorized in to Group 1 (survival) and the remaining 49 were into Group 2 (morbidity/mortality). In death patients Creatinine is very high 2.3 mg/dl and it is least in non-morbidity. In cases with morbidity it varies from 1.27-1.87 mg/dl. The incidence ratio of monomicrobial: polymicrobial: sterile microbial culture was 2:2:1. E. coli is the highest seen organism in monomicrobial and polymicrobial cases. Klebsiella is mostly seen in poly organism. Staphylococcus aureus is seen reasonably in polymicrobial and monomicrobial cases. Meropenem and imipenen are instituted as the most sensitive drugs with sensitivity above 90%. Most patients where managed by healing with secondary intention or split skin grafting. The average number of debridement is 1.2. The average duration of hospital stay is 26 days. 12 patients developed septicemia with multi organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) as complications. Of these three patients survived. Mortality rate was 12%. Conclusions: NSTI is a lethal disease and early diagnosis based on high index of clinical suspicion and prompt and aggressive surgical, antibiotic and supportive therapy is essential for the better prognosis and early recovery of the disease.
Incorporation of shear thickening fluid effects into computational modelling of woven fabrics subjected to impact loading: A review

Soft armour consisting of multi-layered high-performance fabrics are a popular choice for personal protection. Extensive work done in the last few decades suggests that shear thickening fluids improve the impact resistance of woven fabrics. Shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics have been proven as an ideal candidate for producing comfortable, high-performance soft body armour. However, the mechanism of defeating a projectile using a shear thickening fluid–impregnated multi-layered fabric is not fully understood and can be considered as a gap in the research done on the improvement of soft armour. Even though considerable progress has been achieved on dry fabrics, limited studies have been performed on shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics. The knowledge of simulation of multi-layered fabric armour is not well developed. The complexity in creating the geometry of the yarns, incorporating friction between yarns and initial pre-tension between yarns due to weaving patterns make the numerical modelling a complex process. In addition, the existing knowledge in this area is widely dispersed in the published literature and requires synthesis to enhance the development of shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics. Therefore, this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current methods of modelling shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics with a critical analysis of the techniques used. The review is preceded by an overview of shear thickening behaviour and related mechanisms, followed by a discussion of innovative approaches in numerical modelling of fabrics. A novel state-of-the-art means of modelling shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics is proposed in conclusion of the review of current methods. A short case study is also presented using the proposed approach of modelling.
Basking in detected vice: Outgroup immorality enhances self-view

In the last decade, a growing body of research has revealed that morality is the most important driver of impression formation. As such, social targets lacking morality are disliked and kept at distance, while moral targets are liked and respected. Here, we investigated whether social targets lacking morality elicit positive reactions in the observer. Study 1 revealed that participants reported an enhanced self-view when confronted with an immoral (vs. moral) behavior performed by a political opponent. Study 2 revealed the key role of morality in this process, as differential perceptions of the target’s incompetence had no comparable effect on the observer self-view. Importantly, such results emerged when participants were highly identified with their ingroup. Taken together, these findings suggest that outgroup immorality can elicit positive self-related responses in the observer. Results are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications for social judgment and intergroup relations.
Warmth and Competence in Interpersonal Comparisons: The Quiz Master Paradigm through the Lens of Compensation

Research shows that the two fundamental dimensions of warmth and competence often relate negatively in intergroup stereotypes. This ‘compensation effect’ emerges in group and person perception but has never been examined in situations of interpersonal comparisons involving the self as an individual. In three experiments, we adapted the Quiz Master paradigm to create a difference of competence between two contestants. Questioners and answerers (Expt. 1 to 3) as well as observers (Expt. 2 and 3) rated both contestants on warmth and competence. Results replicated the Quiz Master pattern in that questioners appeared more competent both for observers and answerers but not for questioners (Expt. 1 to 3). As predicted, observers manifested compensation by judging answerers warmer than questioners (Expt. 2 and 3). Whereas no compensation emerged for answerers, questioners generally perceived the answerer as warmer than themselves (Expt. 2 and 3). Overall, our results suggest that although observers rely on compensation, this was not the case for members of the interaction who showed reluctance to express any self-favoring judgments. These findings constitute a first contribution to the understanding of compensation outside of intergroup relations, and more broadly of interpersonal dynamics at work in social comparison situations.
Assessment of spiritual health and its relation with perceived stress among medical students. A cross-sectional study

Background: Lack of attention to the spiritual needs among medical student’s leads to increased stress, decreased hope and spiritual isolation. Objectives:Toassessthespiritualhealth and its relation with perceived stress among medical students.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students by using self-administered questionnaire. Spiritual health was assessed by using Spiritual Health Assessment Scale (SHAS) and perceived stress was assessed by using Perceived stress scale (PSS). Results:A total of 430 students were included in the study of which 43.7% were male and 56.5% were females. The prevalence of low, moderate and high stress was 21.67%, 60.98%, 17.35% respectively. The prevalence of good, fair and poor spiritual health was 39.80%, 57.72%, 2.47% respectively. Conclusion: Majority of the students (60.98%) were having moderate stress and 57.72% were having fair spiritual health. There was significant association between perceived stress and spiritual health among medical students.
Linguistic dilemmas and chronic ambivalence in the classroom

ABSTRACT This special issue brings together papers that discuss how teachers deliberate competing institutional, pedagogical and language ideological imperatives in the multilingual classroom. It does so because research on language-in-education policy often singles out teachers who resist and transform monolingual policies, or those who ignore pupils’ multilingual resources. Such accounts usefully highlight the possibility of change or the need for intervention. But they risk overlooking the many occasions where teachers waver between both types of conduct to reconcile contrary views on language, teaching, and learning. This issue argues that teacher behaviour must be explained in relation to these contrary views rather than to one of their component parts. Thus, it puts the lens, among other things, on teachers who implement monolingual policies without disregarding the value of multilingualism; on those who take up linguistic authority in congenial fashion; or on those who respect pupils’ linguistic repertoires while setting out to improve their skills in named languages. This introduction discusses some broad tendencies in earlier work on language-in-education policy, the chronic nature of contradictions in class and the ambivalence it invites, before presenting the different contributions of the issue.
Recaída y factores de riesgo asociados en pacientes con tuberculosis en Santiago de Cuba, 2002-2008

Se hizo un estudio descriptivo y transversal de los 36 pacientes con recaidas por tuberculosis en la provincia de Santiago de Cuba desde el 2002 hasta el 2008, para caracterizarles segun algunas variables clinicoepidemiologicas. Se observo que las recaidas tuvieron una tendencia ascendente, fundamentalmente en el municipio de Santiago de Cuba, con preponderancia en el sexo masculino, el grupo etario de 60 anos y mas, las personas solteras y los que tenian nivel escolar primario y condiciones economicas regulares o malas. Se evidencio una inadmisible demora entre la fecha de inicio de los sintomas y la confirmacion del diagnostico, por lo que se recomendo mantener como prioridades la vigilancia y el control del Programa Nacional de Tuberculosis en la comunidad, de manera que permita disminuir la prevalencia de recaida por esta enfermedad en el territorio A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 36 patients with relapses due to tuberculosis in Santiago de Cuba province from 2002 to 2008, to characterize them according to some clinical and epidemiological variables. It was observed that relapses had an upward tendency, mainly in Santiago de Cuba municipality, with predominance in male sex, in the age group of 60 years and over, single people and those that had primary school level and middling or bad economic status. An inadmissible delay was evidenced between the date of beginning of the symptoms and the confirmation of the diagnosis, thus recommending to maintain as priorities the surveillance and control of the National Program of Tuberculosis in the community, so that it allows to reduce prevalence of relapses due to this condition in the territory
Grade three(3) pupils preparedness for the read on course(ROC): a case of selected basic schools in Chingola district of Zambia

xiv CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.0. Overview.1 1.1. Background.1 1.2. Statement of the problem.3 1.3. Purpose of the study.4 1.4. Objectives of the study.4 1.5. Research questions.5 1.6. Significance of the study.5
Prevalence of antenatal vulvovaginal candidiasis: our experience

Background: The objective of our study is to determine the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis and influence of maternal age, parity or trimester on its occurrence among pregnant women, attending the antenatal clinic in our teaching hospital. It helps us to understand the magnitude of the problem in our region and to implement the necessary treatment modalities to reduce the preterm births attributed to vaginal candidiasis. Methods: It was a hospital based prospective study over a period of six months. High vaginal swabs were collected from the pregnant patients after getting consent and sent for culture. Candida positive cases were noted and results were analysed. Results: A total of 200 high vaginal swabs were collected and reported in our study. Among them 108 swabs were positive for Candida growth (54%) and 92 swabs were negative for growth (46%). Culture positive patients clinical details were analyzed and statistical significance was noted (based on age group, parity and trimester). Conclusions: Our study concluded that candidiasis is more prevalent in pregnant women but there was no statistical significance in occurrence of vaginal candidiasis among various age groups, parity or trimester. Hence it is better to screen all the patients in I/ early II trimester in order to find out and treat positive cases early to prevent preterm births attributed to vaginal candidiasis.
Use of DEXA Scan in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Comparative Analysis of Pulmonary Hypertension with GOLD classification Versus BODE Index in COPD

Background: Osteoporosis, sarcopenia, pulmonary hypertension are common with COPD. There are only few studies which have evaluated the relationship of these co-morbidities with COPD severity.Aim: To study osteoporosis in terms of bone mineral density (BMD) and sarcopenia in terms of fat free mass index (FFMI) with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA); and their relation with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%). To study relation of pulmonary hypertension (PH) with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and BODE index in COPD.Materials and Methods: In 30 stable COPD patients, BMD and FFMI were calculated with DEXA scan. Two groups of FEV1 ? 50% and FEV1<50% and three groups of BODE index <5, 5-6 and ? 7 were compared with PH severity.Results: All patients had low BMD (33% osteopenia & 66% osteoporosis) and 83.3% had sarcopenia. Chi-square test to assess the significance of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in relation to FEV1 groups was statistically insignificant (p value=0.88). 5/7 had normal pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and 2 had mild PH in group I i.e. FEV1 ? 50%, whereas in group II i.e. FEV1<50 %, 2 had normal PAP; 15, 3 and 2 had mild, moderate and severe PH respectively. Binary logistic regression to assess PH in relation to FEV1 and BODE index showed odds ratio for FEV1 ? 50% statistically significant (p value= 0.016). Conclusion: Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are very common in COPD in Indian population but there is no correlation with FEV1. Though BODE index is a good prognostic indicator, FEV1 is more likely to correlate with severity of PH than BODE index.