Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 65-nm 8T SRAM Compute-in-Memory Macro With Column ADCs for Processing Neural Networks

In this work, we present a novel 8T static random access memory (SRAM)-based compute-in-memory (CIM) macro for processing neural networks with high energy efficiency. The proposed 8T bitcell is free from disturb issues thanks to the decoupled read channels by adding two extra transistors to the standard 6T bitcell. A 128 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 128 8T SRAM array offers massively parallel binary multiply and accumulate (MAC) operations with 64<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> binary inputs (0/1) and 64 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 128 binary weights (+1/–1). After parallel MAC operations, 128 column-based neurons generate 128<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 1–5 bit outputs in parallel. The proposed column-based neuron comprises 64<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> bitcells for dot-product, 32<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> bitcells for analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and 32<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> bitcells for offset calibration. The column ADC with 32<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> replica SRAM bitcells converts the analog MAC results (i.e., a differential read bitline (RBL/RBLb) voltage) to the 1–5 bit output code by sweeping their reference levels in 1–31 cycles (i.e., <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2^{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–1 cycles for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-bit ADC). The measured linearity results [differential nonlinearity (DNL) and integral nonlinearity (INL)] are +0.314/–0.256 least significant bit (LSB) and + 0.27/–0.116 LSB, respectively, after offset calibration. The simulated image classification results are 96.37% for Mixed National Institute of Standards and Technology database (MNIST) using a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) with two hidden layers, 87.1%/82.66% for CIFAR-10 using VGG-like/ResNet-18 convolutional neural networks (CNNs), demonstrating slight accuracy degradations (0.67%–1.34%) compared with the software baseline. A test chip with a 16K 8T SRAM bitcell array is fabricated using a 65-nm process. The measured energy efficiency is 490–15.8 TOPS/W for 1–5 bit ADC resolution using 0.45-/0.8-V core supply.
A New Physiology-based Objective Mental Stress Detection Technique with Reduced Feature Set and Class Imbalanced Dataset Management

With the rapid changing world of work habits, social interaction, and ambitious lifestyles of society, mental stress detection assumes much importance in maintaining good quality of life. In this respect, continuous monitoring of mental stress using physiological signals can be a good solution. In this work, a new method for mental stress detection is described using two common physiological signals, viz., electrocardiogram (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR). The statistical feature extraction from a 10 s segment was performed by wavelet packet decomposition, followed by selection of optimum features by extremely randomized tree (ERT). For uniform training of the classifier, the dataset imbalance is adjusted with adaptive synthetic minority oversampling (ADASYN) technique followed by a multi-class random forest (RF) classifier. The proposed technique was evaluated with the WeSAD dataset to detect three-levels of mental state, viz., baseline, stress and fun. The system achieved an overall accuracy, F1-score, precision and recall of 97.08%, 0.98, 0.98 and 0.99 respectively. The results outperform published work in respect of number of sensors (signals), feature set, accuracy, and segment length for detection. The proposed technique may be extended to develop a wearable healthcare system.
Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence System for the Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Chinese Community Healthcare Centers

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a Comprehensive Artificial Intelligence Retinal Expert (CARE) system for detecting diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a Chinese community population. Methods This was a cross-sectional, diagnostic study. Participants with a previous diagnosis of diabetes from three Chinese community healthcare centers were enrolled in the study. Single-field color fundus photography was obtained and analyzed by the AI system and two ophthalmologists. Primary outcome measures included the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the AI system in detecting DR and diabetic macular edema (DME). Results In this study, 443 subjects (848 eyes) were enrolled, and 283 (63.88%) were men. The mean age was 52.09 (11.51) years (range 18–82 years); 266 eyes were diagnosed with any DR, 233 with more-than-mild diabetic retinopathy (mtmDR), 112 with vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (vtDR), and 57 with DME. The image ability of the AI system was as high as 99.06%, whereas its sensitivity and specificity varied significantly in detecting DR with different severities. The sensitivity/specificity to detect any DR was 75.19% (95%CI 69.47–80.17)/93.99% (95%CI 91.65–95.71), mtmDR 78.97% (95%CI 73.06–83.90)/92.52% (95%CI 90.07–94.41), vtDR 33.93% (95%CI 25.41–43.56)/97.69% (95%CI 96.25–98.61), and DME 47.37% (95%CI 34.18–60.91)/93.99% (95%CI 91.65–95.71). Conclusions This multicenter cross-sectional diagnostic study noted the safety and reliability of the CARE system for DR (especially mtmDR) detection in Chinese community healthcare centers. The system may effectively solve the dilemma faced by Chinese community healthcare centers: due to the lack of ophthalmic expertise of primary physicians, DR diagnosis and referral are not timely.
Associations Between Genetic Polymorphisms Within Transporter Genes and Clinical Response to Methotrexate in Chinese Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Pilot Study

Purpose To investigate the associations between genetic polymorphisms within transporter genes and clinical response to methotrexate (MTX) in Chinese rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Patients and Methods A total of 100 RA patients receiving MTX were prospectively followed up for approximately 3 months to determine the clinical response based on several criteria, including European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) good and moderate response, disease activity score in 28 joint counts – erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) low disease activity (LDA), change in DAS28-ESR (ΔDAS28-ESR) and ΔDAS28-ESR >0.6. Fifty-four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within seven transporter genes, including SLC19A1, ABCB1, ABCC1~4 and ABCG2, were genotyped. Results Multivariable analysis revealed that SLC19A1 rs12659 and rs3788200, ABCC2 rs3740066, rs4148396 and rs717620 were significantly associated with EULAR good and moderate response, and ABCC2 rs3740066 and rs717620 were significantly associated with DAS28-ESR LDA, and ABCB1 rs1128503, rs4148737 and ABCC3 rs2277624, rs4148416 were significantly associated with ΔDAS28-ESR. Moreover, 12 genetic polymorphisms were found to be significantly associated with ΔDAS28-ESR >0.6. With adjustment for corresponding confounders, SLC19A1 TGAA haplotype consisting of rs1051266, rs1131596, rs12659 and rs3788200 was significantly associated with EULAR good and moderate response and ΔDAS28-ESR >0.6 compared with the most common haplotype CAGG. The ABCC2 haplotype TTT composed of rs717620, rs4148396 and rs3740066 was significantly associated with EULAR good and moderate response and ΔDAS28-ESR >0.6 compared with the most common haplotype CCC. Conclusion Our results highlight the potential of genetic polymorphisms within transporter genes, particularly SLC19A1 and ABCC2, as predictors of clinical response to MTX in Chinese RA patients.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Bath Towels Used by Students of University of Medical Sciences Ondo State

Background/Aims: Bath towels are woven pieces of fabric either cotton or cotton-polyester that are used to absorb moisture on the body after bathing. Towels are a prime location for germs, and they can be picked up by contact with wet skin. The aim of this research work is to isolate, identify, and evaluate the occurrence of bacterial contaminations from individual bath towels of students from the University of Medical Sciences Ondo and their harmful consequence to public health. Microbiological screening of seventy-two (72) bath towels from 5 of the university hostels for bacterial contamination was carried out. Methods: Bacterial isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility test were carried out using basic microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was also carried out using Mueller Hinton agar to determine the susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated. Results and conclusion: Biochemical analysis of bacterial isolates revealed a general contamination by mainly nine bacterial species associated with human nose, stomach, intestine and skin flora in decreasing frequency of occurrence: Staphylococcus aureus (38.8%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (18.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.3%), Shigella sp. (8.3%), Bacillus sp. (7.0%), Escherichia coli (4.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (4.2%), Micrococcus sp. (2.8%), Salmonella sp. (1.4%). Antibiotics susceptibility testing was carried out and recorded on each of the bacterial isolates. Most of the bacterial isolates showed resistance and susceptibility to certain antibiotics which helps in the perfect and effective choice of antibiotics if these species cause infections. Therefore, there is a need to adopt adequate measures for the regular cleaning and washing of towels, while also maintaining good personal hygienic practices to prevent the transfer and spread of pathogens from these towels and avoiding sharing of towels.
I/Q Demodulator Based Optical Camera Communications

Visible light communications achieve wireless communications using light sources such as lighting fixtures and electric signboards. The light sources need to blink at high speed to avoid flickering. However, the blinking frequency is much higher than the frame rate of the general-purpose cameras that are integrated into consumer devices such as smartphones. This paper proposes a method where the principle of the I/Q demodulator as employed in radio frequency communications is used to estimate the phase and amplitude of modulated light blinking at a sufficiently higher speed than the frame rate. This is achieved by using two cameras with slightly different exposure start timing and estimating the phase and amplitude from the pixel values of the light-emitting diode (LED) image in one frame for each camera. In contrast to the conventional method with a very short exposure time, the exposure time can be increased, resulting in higher efficiency of light capture. Additionally, we propose another configuration employing one camera and two LEDs. An experiment to verify that communication is possible with the proposed method, which achieved 200 bits/s with 60 frames per second cameras. We also confirmed the proposed methods have similar signal-to-noise ratio to bit error ratio performance.
Penerimaan Diri Korban Toxic Relationship dalam Menumbuhkan Kesehatan Mental

Toxic relationship is one example of how then a problem that affects a person's relationship with his partner. This is usually indicated by a sense of competition from within the individual and the absence of cohesiveness. The purpose of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the self-acceptance of toxic victim relationships in fostering mental health, the author is also associated with a toxic victim case study entitled "An overview of acceptance of violence in early adults who are victims of dating violence", which includes an overview of how the attitudes and behavior of victims in accepting violence in dating and also the factors that influence it. The method in this research is descriptive research, where the researcher conducts an in-depth exploration of programs, processes, events, and activities of one or more people using a case study approach by finding a number of adult women who have experienced sexual experiences.
User Perspectives on Autonomous Driving:A Use-Case-Driven Study in Germany

Whether it will be an evolutionary development in a stepwise manner, or an Initial deployment in a small area, spreading from there to a wider space: autonomous driving has the potential to change transport and mobility in the future. To address aspects in this regard, various dimensions have to be considered – an important one of them being the user perspective. With the study at hand we explored this perspective by asking 1,000 users of the transport system in Germany in April 2014 about their attitudes and mindsets towards autonomous driving. It doing so, we introduced four different use cases on autonomous driving to the respondents to examine possible variances in perception and evaluation: Highway Pilot; Parking Pilot; Fully Automated Vehicle, which still allows a driver to take over whenever requested; and Vehicle on Demand, in the literature or the media often also referred to as “robotaxi” or “driverless car”.
Delayed Onset of Motor Blockade After Liposomal Bupivacaine Use for a Perioperative Popliteal Nerve Block: A Case Report

We present a case of a 60-year-old male who has undergone Achilles’ tendon repair with amnion augmentation on the right side. Before the surgery, liposomal bupivacaine was requested by the patient, and this was used to block the popliteal and adductor canal nerves for intraoperative anesthetic and postoperative pain control. The patient understood the benefits and risks of the regional nerve block with this medication and its off-label use. After the surgery, the patient underwent an irregular course of anesthetic, including delayed motor weakness, and became non-weight-bearing temporarily. The motor block was inconsistent and non-linear. Initially, the motor block completely resolved with a return to the sensation after three days. Then, on day four, a complete motor block developed, which resolved gradually over the next four days. After 10 days, the patient had full resolution of symptoms. He denies any pain since the surgery.
Prioritizing and Overcoming Barriers to e-Health Use among Elderly People: Implementation of the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP)

Rise in the aging population brings new challenges to modern societies. Old age is associated with several morbidities and usual issues related to health. Therefore, the provision of healthy and timely care has become the dire need to maintain their quality of life and wellbeing. The evolution of the e-health care system put pressure on societies to implement it successfully to ensure a safe and prompt provision of care services to the most vulnerable population successfully. Therefore, the provision and implementation of the e-health care system is a challenge for the health industry in terms of multi-objective decision-making. Multicriteria decision-making is a generalizable approach to making decisions with dependence and feedback and is known as an effective tool in decision-making processes, particularly in the healthcare sector. The present study aims to present an e-healthcare framework by identifying and prioritizing potential barriers towards the use of e-health by the elderly population. The analytical hierarchy process approach is adopted to calculate weights of identified potential barriers, respectively, and then rank them based on their degree of significance. The findings show that health and the ability-related barrier is ranked highest, followed by socio-environmental and attitudinal barriers. This research contributes to healthcare decision-making regarding e-health usage by implementing MCDA techniques. Our study will assist the public health practitioners and policymakers in drawing decisions on the best strategy to minimize the risks in using the e-healthcare system by the aging population, which significantly contributes to the smart healthcare system.
Common Delay Analysis Methods and Factors Influencing the Selection of Such Methods in Construction Projects in UAE

Common Delay Analysis Methods and Factors Influencing the Selection of Such Methods in Construction Projects In UAE 1 of 121 Common Delay Analysis Methods and Factors Influencing the Selection of Such Methods in Construction Projects in UAE " قرط ليلحت لا ريخأت ةعئاشلا لماوعلاو ةرثؤملا يف رايتخا لثم هذھ قرطلا يف عيراشم ءانبلا يف تاراملإا ةيبرعلا ةدحتملا " By Yazeed Fawwaz Jamal Abdelhadi Student ID number __120056__ Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MSc in Project Management
Bradycardia in Older Patients in a Single-Center Emergency Department: Incidence, Characteristics and Outcomes

Objective This study aimed to explore data associated with the characteristics, incidence, and outcomes of older patients with symptomatic bradycardia presenting to the emergency department (ED). Methods We prospectively reviewed data of all patients aged 60 years and older who visited our ED with symptomatic bradycardia during 8AM-12PM between June 4, 2018, and June 10, 2019. The outcomes were the incidence of symptomatic bradycardia and adverse events (recurrent bradycardia, rate of ED revisits, subsequent hospitalization, mortality rate, and composite outcomes) at 30 days and 180 days. Results A total of 3297 patients visited the ED. Of these, 205 patients had symptomatic bradycardia. The incidence of symptomatic bradycardia was 6.2% (205/3297). One hundred fourteen patients (55.7%) were female, and the mean age was 74.9 (SD, 9) years. One-third of bradycardia patients (80 patients [39.0%]) were admitted to the hospital, 32 of whom because of unstable bradycardia. Ten of these 32 (30%) patients died during hospitalization from causes unrelated to bradycardia. One-third of unstable bradycardia patients had dyspnea (10/32 patients [31.3%]) followed by chest pain and altered mental status, respectively. ED revisit was the most common adverse event after 30 days (10.8%) and 180 days (20.3%). End-stage renal disease with hemodialysis was associated with adverse outcomes at 30 days (odds ratio, 2.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.30–20.87). Conclusion The incidence of symptomatic bradycardia among older adults was 6.2% in one urban ED. End-stage renal disease with hemodialysis was associated with adverse outcomes at 30 days. Larger studies should confirm this association and investigate methods of minimizing adverse outcomes.
A Methodology to Develop a Distribution Transformer Model for Transient Studies

Transformers are some of the expensive components of a distribution network. Records from the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) indicate that a considerable number of failures of these transformers are caused by lightning surges. Transformer failures incur huge costs to utility suppliers like CEB. Thus the behaviour of distribution transformers under transient conditions needs to be studied and for this a transformer model is very much essential. With the help of such a model, the behaviour of distribution transformers when subjected to lightning surges can be studied. In this paper, a methodology is presented to develop a model to represent a distribution transformer under transient conditions. The validation of the model is illustrated by the calculation of parameters based on a 160 kVA, 33/0.415 kV, three phase distribution transformer. The model is simulated using PSCAD software and the output is obtained when the standard lightning waveform and chopped surge waveforms are input to the model. In order to validate the developed model, the output voltage distribution along the transformer winding is observed and compared with the results of an experiment presented in a research publication [7].
“I Have Removed My Ceiling”: Qualitative Experiences of Teachers on Their Professional Development

Gifted education in the United Arab Emirates is a nascent field that is coming into greater visibility with corresponding governmental and institutional support over the past 15 years. Massive efforts are now being strategically put in place, which includes actively training teachers to meet the government’s aim to prioritize giftedness and innovation at all levels and sectors, so that classroom pedagogies align with said initiatives to support gifted students. However, there is limited information about how teachers perceive the efficacy of the training they have received. This research aims to highlight the voices of teachers who received professional development on teaching the gifted over a 2-year period. Research findings revealed how teachers conceptualized “innovation” in their own teaching practice with the gifted, the participants’ perceptions on program impact, and the challenges faced in implementing what they have learned in their professional development.
The role of strategic flexibility in enhancing crisis management in the commercial banking sector during the COVID-19 pandemic

It is important that strategic management ensure programs flexibility and continuous assessment to deal with the changes in strategies when dealing with other crises (Taymouri, Eslami, Fadaei, Delfan, & Ghasemi, 2014). Empirical findings are still lacking, specifically in the strategic flexibility-crisis management relationship (Yawson, 2020). The primary aim of this study is to examine crisis management among the commercial banks, during the COVID-19 pandemic and to conduct an empirical examination of the relationship between strategic flexibility and crisis management. The study data was gathered using a questionnaire survey, which was distributed to 242 Jordanian commercial bank branches managers. Out of the total (242) distributed questionnaire copies, 163 were returned and considered valid for analysis. Accordingly, data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 22 and the findings indicated that strategic flexibility significantly affected crisis management dimensions, namely prior to the crisis stage/crisis plans and during the crisis stage/crisis response. The statistical results supported statistically significant differences between each pair in light of experience level and education level of managers, in a manner that differences favored the highest experience category of over 10 years and the highest category of education of Ph.D. On the basis of the results, it is recommended that Jordanian commercial banks focus on strategic flexibility when planning their strategies in order to mitigate influences on crisis management