Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Life history of the incense cedar scale xylococculus macrocarpae homoptera margarodidae on incense cedar in california with a description of the larvae of one of its common predators eronyxa expansus van dyke coleoptera trogositidae

Xylococculus macrocarpae (Coleman) had one generation a year on incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin) at Blodgett Forest, El Dorado County, California, at 1200 to 1550 m elevation. There were four female stages and five male stages. On small incense cedar, adult females laid eggs on the foliage in spring. Crawlers then settled on branches and middle and upper boles, where they molted to legless stages in summer. Females overwintered as legless second and third stages, and males as legless second stages and legged prepupae. In spring, male prepupae and pupae migrated lower on the bole while female adults moved to the foliage. X. macrocarpae was the most common prey under incense cedar bark during the winter months when insectivorous birds forage on the tree; the insect was especially abundant on branches and the upper and middle boles. Two hymenopterous parasitoids were reared from X. macrocarpae, the previously undescribed Parechtrodryinus xylococculi Beardsley and Gordh (Encyrtidae), and Mesopolobus sp. (Pteromalidae). The trogositid beetle Eronyxa expansus Van Dyke was a common predator, possibly restricted to the scales.
Afro-Asian cockroach from Chiapas amber and the lost Tertiary American entomofauna

Afro-Asian cockroach from Chiapas amber and the lost Tertiary American entomofauna Cockroach genera with synanthropic species (Blattella, Ectobius, Supella, Periplaneta, Diploptera and ? Blatta), as well as other insects such as honeybees, although natively limited to certain continents nowadays, had circumtropic distribution in the past. The ease of their reintroduction into their former range suggests a post-Early Miocene environmental stress which led to the extinction of cosmopolitan Tertiary entomofauna in the Americas, whilst in Eurasia, Africa and Australia this fauna survived. This phenomenon is demonstrated here on a low diversity (10 spp.) living cockroach genus Supella, which is peculiar for the circumtropical synanthropic brownbanded cockroach S. longipalpa and also for its exclusively free-living cavicolous species restricted to Africa. S. (Nemosupella) miocenica sp. nov. from the Miocene amber of Chiapas in Mexico is a sister species to the living S. mirabilis from the Lower Guinea forests and adjacent savannas. The difference is restricted to the shape of the central macula on the pronotum, and size, which may indicate the around-Miocene origin of the living, extremely polymorphic Supella species and possibly also the isochronic invasion into the Americas. The species also has a number of characteristics of the Asian (and possibly also Australian) uniform genus Allacta (falling within the generic variability of Supella) suggesting Supella is a direct ancestor of the former. The present species is the first significant evidence for incomplete hiati between well defined cockroach genera — a result of the extensive fossil record of the group. The reported specimen is covered by a mycelium of a parasitic fungus Cordyceps or Entomophthora.
Using Functional Trajectories to Track Constructed Salt Marsh Development in the Great Bay Estuary, Maine/New Hampshire, U.S.A.

A growing number of studies have assessed the functional equivalency of restored and natural salt marshes. Several of these have explored the use of functional trajectories to track the increase in restored marsh function over time; however, these studies have disagreed as to the usefulness of such models in long‐term predictions of restored marsh development. We compared indicators of four marsh functions (primary production, soil organic matter accumulation, sediment trapping, and maintenance of plant communities) in 6 restored and 11 reference (matched to restored marshes using principal components analysis) salt marshes in the Great Bay Estuary. The restored marshes were all constructed and planted on imported substrate and ranged in age from 1 to 14 years. We used marsh age in a space‐for‐time substitution to track constructed salt marsh development and explore the use of trajectories. A high degree of variability was observed among natural salt marsh sites, displaying the importance of carefully chosen reference sites. As expected, mean values for constructed site (n = 6) and reference site (n = 11) functions were significantly different. Using constructed marsh age as the independent variable and functional indicator values as dependent variables, nonlinear regression analyses produced several ecologically meaningful trajectories (r 2> 0.9), demonstrating that the use of different‐aged marshes can be a viable approach to developing functional trajectories. The trajectories illustrated that although indicators of some functions (primary production, sediment deposition, and plant species richness) may reach natural site values relatively quickly (<10 years), others (soil organic matter content) will take longer.
The Influence of Principal’s Leadership, Academic Supervision, and Professional Competence toward Teachers’ Performance

In this study, we examined the significant influence of the principal’s leadership, academic supervision, and professional competence toward teachers’ performance. We researched high school in the sub rayon 06 of Banyuasin. This research belongs to quantitative partial and simultaneous correlational. The sample was 128 teachers from SMA Negeri 1 Muara Padang, SMA Muhammadiyah Muara Padang, SMA Negeri 1 Air Saleh, SMA Bhakti Bangsa Air Saleh, and SMA Negeri 2 Muara Sugihan and we used questionnaire. We found that 1) there is significant influence between the principal’s leadership and the teachers’ performance; 2) there is significant influence between the academic supervision and the teachers’ performance; 3) there is significant influence between the professional competence and the teachers’ performance; and 4) there is a significant influence of principal’s leadership, academic supervision, and professional competence simultaneously to teachers’ performance.
Current modulation and membrane targeting of the calcium channel α1C subunit are independent functions of the β subunit

1 The β subunits of voltage‐sensitive calcium channels facilitate the incorporation of channels into the plasma membrane and modulate calcium currents. In order to determine whether these two effects of the β subunit are interdependent or independent of each other we studied plasma membrane incorporation of the channel subunits with green fluorescent protein and immunofluorescence labelling, and current modulation with whole‐cell and single‐channel patch‐clamp recordings in transiently transfected human embryonic kidney tsA201 cells. 2 Coexpression of rabbit cardiac muscle α1C with rabbit skeletal muscle β1a, rabbit heart/brain β2a or rat brain β3 subunits resulted in the colocalization of α1C with β and in a marked translocation of the channel complexes into the plasma membrane. In parallel, the whole‐cell current density and single‐channel open probability were increased. Furthermore, the β2a isoform specifically altered the voltage dependence of current activation and the inactivation kinetics. 3 A single amino acid substitution in the β subunit interaction domain of α1C (α1CY467S) disrupted the colocalization and plasma membrane targeting of both subunits without affecting the β subunit‐induced modulation of whole‐cell currents and single‐channel properties. 4 These results show that the modulation of calcium currents by β subunits can be explained by β subunit‐induced changes of single‐channel properties, but the formation of stable α1C‐β complexes and their increased incorporation into the plasma membrane appear not to be necessary for functional modulation.
How does the Chinese government improve connectivity in water governance? A qualitative systematic review

ABSTRACT This article presents a qualitative systematic review of English-language academic articles on approaches adopted by the Chinese government to overcome fragmentation and disconnection in water governance. We find that the Chinese government has deployed technical, institutional and discursive instruments, ranging from ‘hard’ to ‘soft’ ways, to improve connectivity between different administrative levels, functional agencies and territorially based units. Although these approaches are conducive to reconciling conflicts, boosting collaboration and bridging gaps in interjurisdictional, cross-level and cross-sectoral interactions, they also have unexpected implications for cost-effectiveness, practicality and sustainability.
Effects of the Bulk Fe2O3 Concentration on the Controlled Solidification of “Fe2O3”–CaO–SiO2 Liquids in Air

The solidification of "FeO"-CaO-SiO liquids in air at a controlled cooling rate of 2.0 K/s for a range of FeO concentrations in the bulk has been investigated. The compositions investigated were selected such that the bulk compositions were within the hematite primary phase field and had a CaO/SiO ratio of 3.46 wt/wt. Non-equilibrium phase assemblages were formed for all bulk compositions investigated. Specifically, the silico ferrite of calcium (SFC) phase was not formed on cooling. The microstructures and proportions of the phase assemblages formed were found to vary with the FeO concentration in the bulk.
Comparison of mitochondrial and cytosolic tRNA nucleotidyltransferases from Triticum aestivum

Here we report the partial purification and characterization of wheat mitochondrial ATP (CTP):tRNA nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.25). Our purification scheme involves ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on anion-exchange, hydroxyapatite, and affinity columns. Our results indicate that the enzyme is stable over a broad range of temperatures with highest activity at 37°C. High activity is seen at alkaline pH with a maximum at pH 9. The enzyme exhibits maximal activity in the presence of 10 mM MgCl2 and is inhibited by (at least) 100 mM NaCl. We also show that a second form of this enzyme exists in the wheat cytosolic fraction. This enzyme shares many features with the mitochondrial enzyme but differs from the mitochondrial enzyme in its elution profile from hydroxyapatite and in its response to manganese.Key words: tRNA nucleotidyltransferase, wheat, mitochondria.
Evaluation of a Codesign Method Used to Support the Inclusion of Children With Disability in Mainstream Schools

Codesign is increasingly used for health research and service improvement. Codesign combines generative and exploratory methods, enabling collaboration between service end users and researchers as equal partners. The aim of this study was to evaluate a codesign method used to design an online education package about inclusive education for children with disability in mainstream schools. The study design was a multiple methods evaluation informed by participatory and transformative research paradigms, incorporating design sciences and public service approaches. A governance committee supported the process. The codesigners (n = 12) included teachers, teacher assistants, parents, and allied health professionals. Process and outcome evaluation data were used; data collected were from verbatim transcripts of codesign workshop discussions (n = 11), documents, Self-Report Level of Participation Surveys, and individual interviews (n = 11). Thematic and descriptive analysis methods were used to describe the codesign processes, experiences, and outcomes. The key processes were identifying the issues through storytelling, voicing frustrations, being vulnerable, sharing insider knowledge, challenging other people’s roles, and deliberation and decision-making. Codesigners’ experiences and outcomes identified strengths and challenges in the method. A conceptual model is presented demonstrating interrelationships between processes, subprocesses, and codesigners’ experiences and outcomes. Codesign involves multiple, interrelated processes that support deliberation and creative design. Skills and resources are required to effectively facilitate what can be a meaningful, creative, and social process.
Reflection in higher music education: what, why, wherefore?

ABSTRACT Reflective practice is seen as a method for professional growth and lasting learning outcomes, but what this means in the context of Higher Music Education (HME) has not received sufficient attention. This paper explores how reflection is ontologised and justified as part of performing musicians’ education. The data utilised derive from a comprehensive project investigating how processes of academisation affect HME across Europe. Findings from the Swedish sub-study, comprised of fourteen leaders and teachers at four academies of music, demonstrate how reflection is discursively constructed; as based on language and cognition; as embodied, and as ‘purely’ musical. These ideas concerning the qualities and characteristics of reflection interact and provide basis for three forms of justification: reflection for artistic knowledge development; reflection for individual success in the profession; and reflection over the role of musicianship in relation to society.
Evaluation of Microbial Load, Formation of Odorous Metabolites and Lipid Stability during Wet Preservation of Nannochloropsis gaditana Concentrates

Wet preservation of algae allows us to bridge the time period between algae harvest and processing while avoiding the costs and nutritional losses associated with algae drying. This study aimed to identify suitable storage conditions for the wet preservation of Nannochloropsis gaditana concentrates. The impact of storage temperature, time and the way of closing the storage recipient was evaluated using a full factorial design. The effect of acetic acid addition was tested for one storage condition. Storage temperature was the main factor determining the microbial count and had a vast impact on the formation of odorous metabolites. Storage at 20 °C in closed recipients led to rapid O2 consumption, accumulation of malodorous short-chain fatty acids above their odor thresholds, and the production of H2S and methanethiol. These odorous metabolites were not formed or to a much lower extent during 4 °C and 8 °C storage in closed recipients. Acetic acid supplementation (50 mM) suppressed the formation of short-chain fatty acids during 8 °C storage in unsealed recipients and reduced the aerobic microbial count and the number of yeasts and molds by approximately one log unit after 14 days. Yet, acetic acid addition also induced lipid hydrolysis and decreased chlorophyll levels when algae were stored for more than one week. This study demonstrated that temperature control is needed and that acetic acid addition is a promising approach when N. gaditana concentrates are stored for less than one week.
Adoption of Digital Banking Technology and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya

Commercial banks play a leading role in the economic development of a country and this role of can be achieved only if the banks are stable. Digital banking technology has thus emerged as a way through which the commercial banks can be able to improve their financial performance by enhancing retail and corporate banking activities. From the inception of digital banking, banks have improved their networks in areas of deposits, withdrawals and other banking activities. However, despite the innovative ideas in digital banking, there still exists gaps as some banks still fail and face imminent collapse. The objective of this study was to establish how digital banking technology innovations affects the financial performance of commercial banks. The study took a descriptive survey design and was driven by three objectives namely; determining the effect of access to digital banking technology, turnaround time and digital banking technology costs on financial performance. This study was anchored on financial intermediation theory, innovation diffusion theory and modern economics theory. A questionnaire was used to collect primary data over a target population of 42 commercial banks in Kenya. The study involved a census of the commercial banks in Kenya as at September 2018 and encompassed collection of data through self-administered questionnaires targeting the finance and IT managers of the banks in their headquarters in Nairobi. The data collected was analysed using a descriptive method. The responses were tabulated, coded and processed by use of a computer statistical package for social scientists. The findings of the study were analysed and presented using statistical methods including pie charts and bar graphs and frequency tables. From the findings and summary, the study concluded that the ease of access to digital banking through digital-banking technology innovations had a positive influence on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study also concludes that the turnaround time of digital banking technology innovations had a positive impact on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya with many of the banking institutions recording high amount of deposits and improved loan values thus creating an opportunity of increasing their customer base.
Trochosira polychaeta: a colonial diatom from the late Cretaceous exhibiting two contrasting chain-linking mechanisms and a wide range of preservation

The fossil species Trochosira polychaeta Strelnikova, exhibits a wide range of preservational states that has led to contrasting interpretations with regard to its resting stage or vegetative cell status. Within shallow-buried, well-preserved diatomites from the Alpha Ridge of the Arctic Ocean, a continuum of dissolution effects is documented and a vegetative cell status is clearly indicated. The chains are formed by a central linking process, but complex marginal structures also constitute a complementary linking mechanism. The double linkage may have supported the integrity of the colonial chains and provided a mechanism for enhanced nutrient uptake. The presence of two distinct types of linking might also represent a stage in a transition from the Cretaceous, when central linking structures were common, through the Cenozoic to the modern, with more common linking through marginal structures.
Preliminary Evidence of a Barrier Effect of a Railroad on the Migration of Mongolian Gazelles

Abstract: Much remains to be learned about how anthropogenic structures affect migration in large mammals. We examined the potential influence of the international railroad in Mongolia on migration in Mongolian gazelles (Procapra gutturosa). We examined gazelle movements and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) on both sides of the railroad. The tracked gazelles never crossed the railroad, despite movements that mainly followed the railroad in winter and higher NDVI values on the opposite side. It is likely that the railroad had a barrier effect on gazelle migration because it split the gazelles' habitat. Our results, although based on an extremely small sample, have utility in indicating approaches that might be useful for examining migration in ungulates.
Clarification of the systematic position of Hippophae goniocarpa (Elaeagnaceae)

New information on (1) Hippophae goniocarpa Y.S. Lian et al. ex Swenson et Bartish and (2) H. goniocarpa ssp. litangensis (Lian et X.L. Chen ex Swenson et Bartish) Lian et K. Sun from China is provided and illustrated. Based on morphological characters and distribution, H. litangensis Y.S. Lian et X.L. Chen ex Swenson et Bartish is re-described as a subspecies. H. goniocarpa (including ssp. litangensis) is a distinct species and should be placed in Section Gyantsensis of Hippophae, although it has been suggested that sspp. litangensis and goniocarpa are the result of hybridization between H. rhamnoides ssp. sinensis and H. neurocarpa ssp. neurocarpa, and H. rhamnoides ssp. yunnanensis and H. neurocarpa ssp. stellatopilosa, respectively. The type subspecies of H. goniocarpa is distributed in Songpan and Hongyuan Counties of Sichuan Province and Qilian County of Qinghai Province, at 3500–3750 m, whereas ssp. litangensis is found only in Jiawa, Litang County, Sichuan Province at c. 3700 m. A key including the four taxa of sect. Gyantsensis is provided. © 2003 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2003, 142, 425−430.
Stroke Rehabilitation: A Role for the New Technologies?

Background: Stroke is a disease of the central nervous system caused by the reduction or interruption of a vessel on the brain. The prevalence of stroke consequences, not only physical but also psychological and social, tend to increase in the years after stroke, being rehabilitation the most important part of the process. With the emergence of new technologies, stroke rehabilitation benefited from important improvements. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the role of new interventions on the rehabilitation of stroke patients with hemiplegia and body asymmetry. Results: Standard therapy, Bobath concept, Induced Constraint Movement Therapy, Mirror Therapy, Force Plate Feedback, Virtual Reality and Robot Therapy are described and the evidence supporting each approach is presented. Based on the studies mentioned above, the new approaches that have been more studied and shown more results are the Virtual Reality and the Robot Therapy. Conclusion: In summary, these studies reveal that the new therapeutic approaches should be used as a complement of the standard therapy.
Management Innovation and Open Innovation: For and Towards Dialogue

The fields of open innovation (OI) and management innovation (MI) have been tended to be studied separately and have very little discussion with each other. This is paradoxical for two reasons. First, the work on OI has clearly demonstrated the importance of the organizational and managerial dimension but does not identify the MIs that could promote this openness and its processes. The question of “how to organize and manage the I? ” remains wide open. Second, while OI paradigm has been primarily mobilized for technological innovations, a few rare works have shown interest in MI. However, knowledge of its effects on MI remains limited and fragmented. The aim of this article is therefore to bring these two literatures closer together, to place them in dialogue in order to respond to their mutual shortcomings. We show that the reconciliation of these two fields can be a source of reciprocal contributions and enrichment. JEL Codes: O36, O31, O30
Prototyping the Li-Fi System Based on IEEE 802.15.7 PHY.II.1 Standard Compliance

By using Visible Light Communication (VLC), in contrast to radio waves, the secure connection can be established more efficiently since the visible light could not radiate through most solid objects. VLC has been applied for many use cases, one of them is Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi). With LiFi, internet access is no longer using conventional RF spectrum as employed in Wi-Fi technology but apply visible light. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a Li-Fi on a System on Chip (SoC) with a low-cost discrete analog front end (AFE). We used ZYBO Zynq-7000 as a digital signal processing, 8 Watt yellow-colored high-brightness LED (HBLED) for downlink transmitter, and 3 Watts infrared LED (IR LED) for uplink transmitter. Our system is developed compliant with the IEEE 802.15. 7 standard, i.e. PHY II.1. According to the result, our Li-Fi system makes the PC/Laptop connected to any internet sources with a maximum speed up to 500 kb/s, and the maximum optical channel distance (range between the light source and the light receptors) is about 110 cm with two lenses.