Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pressure-induced structural phase transition in transition metal carbides TMC (TM = Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt): a DFT study

Abstract First-principles calculations based on density functional theory was performed to analyse the structural stability of transition metal carbides TMC (TM = Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt). It is observed that zinc-blende phase is the most stable one for these carbides. Pressure-induced structural phase transition from zinc blende to NiAs phase is predicted at the pressures of 248.5 GPa, 127 GPa and 142 GPa for OsC, IrC and PtC, respectively. The electronic structure reveals that RuC exhibits a semiconducting behaviour with an energy gap of 0.7056 eV. The high bulk modulus values of these carbides indicate that these metal carbides are super hard materials. The high B/G value predicts that the carbides are ductile in their most stable phase.
Inter-annotator agreement in spoken language annotation: Applying uα-family coefficients to discourse segmentation

As databases make Corpus Linguistics a common tool for most linguists, corpus annotation becomes an increasingly important process. Corpus users do not need only raw data, but also annotated data, submitted to tagging or parsing processes through annotation protocols. One problem with corpus annotation lies in its reliability, that is, in the probability that its results can be replicable by independent researchers. Inter-annotation agreement (IAA) is the process which evaluates the probability that, applying the same protocol, different annotators reach similar results. To measure agreement, different statistical metrics are used. This study applies IAA for the first time to the Valencia Espanol Coloquial (Val.Es.Co.) discourse segmentation model, designed for segmenting and labelling spoken language into discourse units. Whereas most IAA studies merely label a set of in advance pre-defined units, this study applies IAA to the Val.Es. Co. protocol, which involves a more complex two-fold process: first, the speech continuum needs to be divided into units; second, the units have to be labelled. Kripendorff’s u α-family statistical metrics (Krippendorff et al. 2016) allow measuring IAA in both segmentation and labelling tasks. Three expert annotators segmented a spontaneous conversation into subacts, the minimal discursive unit of the Val.Es. Co. model, and labelled the resulting units according to a set of 10 subact categories. Kripendorff’s u α coefficients were applied in several rounds to elucidate whether the inclusion of a bigger number of categories and their distinction had an impact on the agreement results. The conclusions show high levels of IAA, especially in the annotation of procedural subact categories, where results reach coefficients over 0.8. This study validates the Val.Es. Co. model as an optimal method to fully analyze a conversation into pragmatically-based discourse units.
A Decision Support System for Corporate Tax Arrears Prediction

This paper proposes a decision support system to predict corporate tax arrears by using tax arrears in the preceding 12 months. Despite the economic importance of ensuring tax compliance, studies on predicting corporate tax arrears have so far been scarce and with modest accuracies. Four machine learning methods (decision tree, random forest, k-nearest neighbors and multilayer perceptron) were used for building models with monthly tax arrears and different variables constructed from them. Data consisted of tax arrears of all Estonian SMEs from 2011 to 2018, totaling over two million firm-month observations. The best performing decision support system, yielding 95.3% accuracy, was a hybrid based on the random forest method for observations with previous tax arrears in at least two months and a logical rule for the rest of the observations.
Quantification of solubility trapping in natural and engineered CO2 reservoirs

Secure retention of CO2 in geological reservoirs is essential for effective storage. Solubility trapping, the dissolution of CO2 into formation water, is a major sink on geological timescales in natural CO2 reservoirs. Observations during CO2 injection, combined with models of CO2 reservoirs, indicate the immediate onset of solubility trapping. There is uncertainty regarding the evolution of dissolution rates between the observable engineered timescale of years and decades, and the >10 kyr state represented by natural CO2 reservoirs. A small number of studies have constrained dissolution rates within natural analogues. The studies show that solubility trapping is the principal storage mechanism after structural trapping, removing 10–50% of CO2 across whole reservoirs. Natural analogues, engineered reservoirs and model studies produce a wide range of estimates on the fraction of CO2 dissolved and the dissolution rate. Analogue and engineered reservoirs do not show the high fractions of dissolved CO2 seen in several models. Evidence from natural analogues supports a model of most dissolution occurring during emplacement and migration, before the establishment of a stable gas–water contact. A rapid decline in CO2 dissolution rate over time suggests that analogue reservoirs are in dissolution equilibrium for most of the CO2 residence time. Supplementary material: Dissolution rate for all plots and exponential function curves for scenarios A and B are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. c.5476199 Thematic collection: This article is part of the Geoscience for CO2 storage collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection. org/cc/geoscience-for-co2-storage
Are spatial patterns of soil moisture at plot scales generalisable across catchments, climates, and other characteristics? A synthesis of synoptic soil moisture across the Mid‐Atlantic

The spatial variation of soil moisture over very small areas (<100 m2) can have nonlinear impacts on cycling and flux rates resulting in bias if it is not considered, but measuring this variation is difficult over extensive temporal and spatial scales. Most studies examining spatial variation of soil moisture were conducted at hillslope (0.01 km2) to multi‐catchment spatial scales (1000 km2). They found the greatest variation at mid wetness levels and the smallest variation at wet and dry wetness levels forming a concave down relationship. There is growing evidence that concave down relationships formed between spatial variation of soil moisture and average soil moisture are consistent across spatial scales spanning several orders of magnitude, but more research is needed at very small, plot scales (<100 m2). The goal of this study was to characterise spatial variation in shallow soil moisture at the plot scale by relating the mean of measurements collected in a plot to the standard deviation (SD). We combined data from a previous study with thousands of new soil moisture measurements from 212 plots in eight catchments distributed across the US Mid‐Atlantic Region to (1) test for a generalisable mean–SD relationship at plot scales, (2) characterise how landcover, land use, season, and hillslope position contribute to differences in mean–SD relationships, and (3) use these generalised mean–SD relationships to quantify their impacts on catchment scale nitrification and denitrification potential. Our study found that 98% of all measurements formed a generalised mean–SD relationship like those observed at hillslope and catchment spatial scales. The remaining 2% of data comprised a mean–SD relationship with greater spatial variation that originated from two riparian plots reported in a previous study. Incorporating the generalised mean–SD relationship into estimates of nitrification and denitrification potential revealed strong bias that was even greater when incorporating mean–SD observations from the two riparian plots with significantly greater spatial variation.
Combining PbTiO3 and SrTiO3 toward 180° ferroelectric domains

Cette these se centre sur l'etude des materiaux ferroelectriques et plus particulierement sur le PbTiO3, qui se presente sous la structure cristalline perovskite. Les ferroelectriques sont definis comme des materiaux ayant une polarisation spontanee qui doit pouvoir etre renversee par l'application d'un champ electrique. Les ferroelectriques, connus depuis 1920, ont ete tres etudies sous forme de ceramiques. C'est grâce a l'evolution et au controle de methodes de depots permettant la croissance de couches minces de qualite, que de nouvelles proprietes ont ete decouvertes. Ces avancees ont permis de mettre en evidence l'importance et le role des conditions de bords: un mauvais ecrantage de la polarisation peut entrainer la formation de domaines de polarisation opposee, appeles domaines a 180°. Ces domaines, pouvant etre observes par rayons X et microscopie a force atomique, ont des proprietes etonnantes modifiant la reponse physique du materiau – point central de ce travail.
Lightning Activity Over Chilean Territory

This work presents the spatial distribution and temporal variability of lightning activity over the continental territory of Chile by means of Thunderstorms days (Td), on the basis of 7 years (2012–2018) of lightning measurement from World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN). Td are obtained separately for the 15 geopolitical regions of Chile, reporting the higher lightning activity in the northeastern region of the country with 85 thunderstorms days per year. These values are mainly located in the mountains between 2,000 and 5,000 m.a.s.l. where extensive mining activity is located and there are electrical facilities of great importance for Chile. The Td values obtained in this study update the information presented by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1953, so far the only one available for the entire Chilean territory. From the diurnal cycle analysis, there is a marked mono‐modal behavior of lightning activity in the afternoon for latitudes between 17° S and 26° S (regions XV, I, and II) and a different behavior of lightning activity over the region between 40° S and 56° S (regions X, XI, and XII) known as Chilean Patagonia, due to special weather conditions in that area. Further more, the seasonal analysis showed that the highest lightning activity occurs in January and February and the lowest activity takes place between June and August. Once again, the Chilean Patagonia showed a different behavior because the highest activity is presented in May and August, and the lowest in September. The analysis and results presented here contribute to the knowledge of lightning activity in the region that has not been characterized before and can serve as a basis for future research to determine the behavior of this natural phenomenon.
Produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo sob salinidade da água de irrigação

O uso de águas com alto teor de sais constitui sério problema na formação de mudas e estabelecimento do maracujazeiro em diferentes áreas da região nordeste, a qual é considerada bastante expressiva na produção do maracujazeiro amarelo. Diante disso, objetivou-se com o presente estudo, avaliar a produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo em resposta a salinidade da água de irrigação. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação. Foram estudados 5 tratamentos, constituídos de cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,8; 1,6; 2,4; 3,2 e 4,0 dS m-1), distribuídos em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com 12 repetições, e uma planta por parcela, totalizando 60 unidades experimentais. O efeito dos tratamentos foram avaliados mediante análise de crescimento, das trocas gasosas e da fluorescência da clorofila a. A irrigação com água de condutividade elétrica acima de 0,8 dS m-1 afetou negativamente o crescimento do maracujazeiro cv. Redondo Amarelo aos 40 dias após a semeadura. A irrigação com água de 4,0 dS m-1 comprometeu as trocas gasosas e a fluorescência da clorofila a, além de reduzir a taxa de transporte de elétrons da mudas de maracujazeiro.
Differences in Subject-Specific Competences between Slovenian and Italian Physical Education Teachers

This cross-sectional study was designed to analyse the differences between the subject-specific competences of Slovenian and Italian physical education (PE) teachers. The participants, 669 Slovenian and 484 Italian PE teachers, evaluated their professional competences with a self-administered questionnaire on a four-level Likert scale. A t-test for independent samples indicates differences in the self-evaluations of the majority of subject-specific competences between both groups. However, in almost all items, Slovenian PE teachers evaluate their competences higher. A multivariate analysis of variance, used to identify the role of some socio-demographic factors (state, gender, years of service), shows that the state has the highest impact on the differences between self-efficiency of both groups (p<0.001, Eta2=0.531). The greatest differences (Cohen's d > 0.8) are observed on those competences that relate to some of the narrower aspects of PE didactics. The reasons for the perceived differences can be found in some historical and social events, length of education, the different orientation of PE teacher education programmes, and the different responses of both countries to educational policies. The present study outcomes may aid in updating initial PE teacher training and designing a creative system of continuous professional development.
A Hybrid Supply Chain Risk Management Approach for Lean Green Performance Based on AHP, RCA and TRIZ: A Case Study

The purpose of this research work is to provide supply chain managers with a formal and generalizable approach that furnishes accurate guidelines to achieve a 2D performance integrating both Lean and Green. Despite the fact that several research works have been conducted in the framework of Lean and Green, at a conceptual level, the relationship between both paradigms is still ambiguous. Furthermore, the literature revealed a lack of relevant and generalizable approaches that explicitly demonstrate how to successfully implement Lean and Green in a relevant and integrated way. Since risks are the main obstacles disrupting performance, this research work addresses the identified gap by proposing a risk management approach (RMA) for Lean Green performance in a supply-chain context. Risk cannot be managed if not well-identified; hence, a rigorous literature investigation was conducted to define this concept in a supply-chain context. Later, risk was introduced into Lean and Green aspects. Subsequently, through a comprehensive review of previous risk identification studies, a novel classification of supply chain risks in a Lean Green context was provided. At a corporate level, risks often include several sources that cannot be treated at once. Therefore, a risk assessment analysis was performed, employing an analytic hierarchy process for its ease of use and broad adaptability. The output of this analysis provides visibility for an organization’s position toward performance goals and underlines crucial risks to be addressed. The risk treatment process was upgraded in this approach to a detailed analysis that aims at investigating the root causes behind the prioritized risks. Deployment of the approach on a corporate level revealed that treating a risk may negatively affect treating another. Indeed, thinking Lean is not necessarily Green, which stands with the fact that Lean Green supply chain challenges may outstrip classic optimization methods and techniques; therefore, its management requires innovative approaches. Thereby, our findings support the applicability and efficiency of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) in this setting. Although the case study focused on a specific company, the developed framework can be customized to fit different cases.
UHECR arrival directions in the latest data from the original Auger and TA surface detectors and nearby galaxies

The distribution of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray arrival directions appears to be nearly isotropic except for a dipole moment of order 6 × ( 𝐸 / 10 EeV ) per cent. Nonetheless, at the highest energies, as the number of possible candidate sources within the propagation horizon and the magnetic deﬂections both shrink, smaller-scale anisotropies might be expected to emerge. On the other hand, the ﬂux suppression reduces the statistics available for searching for such anisotropies. In this work, we consider two diﬀerent lists of candidate sources: a sample of nearby starburst galaxies and the 2MRS catalog tracing stellar mass within 250 Mpc. We combine surface-detector data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory until 2020 and the Telescope Array until 2019, and use them to test models in which UHECRs comprise an isotropic background and a foreground originating from the candidate sources and randomly deﬂected by magnetic ﬁelds. The free parameters of these models are the energy threshold, the signal fraction, and the search angular scale. We ﬁnd a correlation between the arrival directions of 11 . 8% + 5 . 0% − 3 . 1% of cosmic rays detected with 𝐸 ≥ 38 EeV by Auger or with 𝐸 (cid:38) 49 EeV by TA and the position of nearby starburst galaxies on a 15 . 5 ◦+ 5 . 3 ◦ − 3 . 2 ◦ angular scale, with a 4 . 2 𝜎 post-trial signiﬁcance, as well as a weaker correlation with the overall galaxy distribution. i.e. ﬁtting the data worse than the isotropic null hypothesis.
Stability of the liberal order, moral learning, and constitutional choice: an unresolved tension in James Buchanan’s political economy

Buchanan mentions at several points in his oeuvre the necessary role for a constitutional attitude. This attitude is both explanatory and evaluative; it explains why citizens value liberty but also highlights one of the necessary conditions for the stability of a free society. We argue that Buchanan’s idea of a ‘constitutional attitude’ is extremely relevant, though underdeveloped. Firstly, it remains an open question what exactly a constitutional attitude means in practice and it is unclear what kind of institutions would foster it. Secondly, we believe that the success of his constitutional political economy project depends on some account of moral learning. Although Buchanan stresses the individual aspect of the process of self-constitution, he doesn’t take sufficient account of how the institutional environment and our social relationships structure this process. We discuss to what extent a broadly neo-Aristotelian account of moral learning can provide a more robust foundation for Buchanan’s ideas.
Inferring the Shallow Layered Structure at the Chang’E‐4 Landing Site: A Novel Interpretation Approach Using Lunar Penetrating Radar

The current paper investigates the shallow layers of the lunar regolith at the Chang’E‐4 landing site. Four layers between 0 and 10 m were identified using lunar penetrating radar. Based on these outputs, a revised stratigraphic model is suggested for the post‐Imbrian ejecta at the Von Kármán crater. The layers were previously unseen due to the smooth boundaries between them. The revised model was inferred using an advanced hyperbola‐fitting scheme. Applying conventional hyperbola‐fitting to non‐homogeneous media results in errors and inaccuracies that are often wrongly assumed to be negligible. We propose a novel hyperbola‐fitting scheme that is, not constrained to homogeneous media and can be applied subject to any arbitrary one‐dimensional permittivity distribution. Via this approach, we can estimate the permittivity profile of an investigated area and detect layered structures that were previously transparent to electromagnetic waves due to the gradational dielectric properties at their interfaces.
Public perception on COVID-19 vaccination intention

To resolve the health crisis caused by coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the Indonesian government is trying to implement a mandatory vaccination policy for all Indonesians. It was just that the success of this policy is largely determined by acceptance preceded by the public intention to be vaccinated, in which public perception plays a major role in determining intention. This research, therefore, aimed to evaluate and examine the role of perceived risk, benefit, and susceptibility on the COVID-19 vaccination intention. By using a cross-sectional approach, this quantitative study involved 98 participating respondents who were determined by the purposive sampling method. The results of this study finally found and proven that perceived risk (coefficient β=0.290 and T-value 2.456 with p-value=0.011), perceived benefits (β= 0.394 and T-value 3.873 with p-value=0.000), and perceived susceptibility (β=0.233 and T-value 3,230 with p-value=0.001) had a positive and significant effect on the COVID-19 vaccination intention.
THE INFLUENCE OF EXTENSION WORKER CHARACTERISTICS, MOTIVATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE ON PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKER ON IMPLEMENTATION OF SERASI PROGRAM IN TANJUNG LAGO SUBDISTRICT REGENCY OF BANYUASIN SOUTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA

Serasi Program (Selamatkan Rawa Sejahterahkan Petani) is one of the programs carried out to optimize swamp land so that rice production can increase. One of the areas that implements the Serasi program in 2019 is Banyuasin precisely in Tanjung Lago Sub-district. Extension becomes a resource that bridges information from the Government to farmers. The purposes of this study are: (1) Measure the performance of agricultural extension in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, (2) Analyze the influence of extension characteristics on the performance of agricultural extension workeron the implementation of the Serasi program in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, (3) Analyze the influence of motivation on the performance of agricultural extension in the implementation of the Serasi program in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, (4) Analyze the influence of the organization's climate on agricultural extension performance in the implementation of the Serasi program in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict. This research was conducted in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, Banyuasin Regency. Data collection is conducted from February to April 2021. The sample number of 108 people consisting of 9 field agricultural extension workers (PPL) and 99 farmers was determined through multistage sampling. PPL is taken by census from PPL in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict involved in the Serasi Program. Farmer samples were taken randomly from Gapoktan in 9 PPL assisted villages, 11 farmers each. The data in the analysis uses variable indicator measurement methods and statistical analysis using Smart PLS version 3.0. The results showed: (1) the performance of extension workers in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict has an average score of 46.06 with an very good category; (2) The karaterikstic factor of extension has a positive and significant effect on the performance of agricultural extension (3) Motivational factors positively and significantly affect the performance of agricultural extension (4) The organization's climate factors positively and significantly affect the performance of agricultural extension.