Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-mass star formation in the Milky Way

A parallel database system includes multiple processing units and associated storage modules. To achieve even distribution of workload, rows of a table are distributed as evenly as possible across the multiple processing units using a predefined partitioning algorithm. The predefined partitioning algorithm defines groups and probabilities assigned to boundary points defining the groups. Partitioning of data is based on the boundary points and the assigned probabilities.
Effect of Tennis Expertise on Motion-in-Depth Perception at Different Speeds: An Event-Related Potential Study

Tennis experts need to extract effective visual information from a sphere in high-speed motion, in which motion-in-depth perception plays an important role. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the impact of sphere speed and tennis expertise on motion-in-depth perception by using the expert–novice task paradigm along with event-related potential (ERP) technology. The study also explored differences in behavior and electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics between tennis experts and novices. Results show that faster sphere movement led to shorter response times and a lower accuracy rate. The P1 component in the occipital–temporal region showed that the expert group activated earlier and were stronger when the sphere was far away. The latent period of P2 in the occipital region was significantly shorter in the expert group in comparison to the novice group. Faster speed led to the induction of increased P300 volatility and a significant increase in latency. The findings of the current study show that the speed of the sphere movement affects the invocation and allocation of cognitive resources in the process of motion-in-depth perception, irrespective of whether the athletes were experts or novices. There is a special effect in the process of motion-in-depth perception for experts, mainly because attention resources are invested earlier in experts rather than novices.
Assessing Helicobacter pylori motility and biofilm formation in subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials

Numerous studies have shown that subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials can alter bacterial virulence factors. This study evaluates motility and biofilm formation by H. pylori 43504 grown in subinhibitory concentrations of amoxicillin (AMX), clarithromycin (CLA), or tetracycline (TET). For the swimming and swarming motility assays, H. pylori 43504 suspensions were prepared with the strain alone or with the strain in AMX, CLA, or TET at ½ MIC. Next, the media were incubated at 37 ºC, under microaerophilia. To assess biofilm formation in the presence of one of the antimicrobials at subinhibitory antimicrobial concentrations, bacterial suspensions (109 CFU/mL) were prepared in 2.5% FBS containing AMX, CLA, or TET at ½ MIC. After incubation for 10 days, H. pylori 43504 grown in medium containing AMX, CLA, or TET at ½ MIC presented greater swimming motility and lower swarming motility than the non-treated strain. H. pylori 43504 grown in medium containing AMX, CLA, or TET at ½ MIC showed stronger biofilm production than the non-treated strain. Our results showed that AMX, CLA, or TET at subinhibitory concentrations favors H. pylori 43504 swimming motility and biofilm formation after incubation for 3 days. This may have clinical consequences and make the microorganism difficult to eradicate.
Low temperature CVD growth of WSe2 enabled by moisture-assisted defects in the precursor powder

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been proposed for a wide variety of applications, such as neuromorphic computing, flexible field effect transistors, photonics, and solar cells, among others. However, for most of these applications to be feasible, it is necessary to integrate these materials with the current existing silicon technology. Although chemical vapor deposition is a promising method for the growth of high-quality and large-area TMD crystals, the high temperatures necessary for the growth make this technique incompatible with the processes used in the semiconductor industry. Herein, we demonstrate the possibility of low-temperature growth of TMDs, using tungsten selenide (WSe2) as a model, by simply using moisture-assisted defective tungsten oxide (WO3) precursor powders during the growth of these materials. Density functional theory calculations reveal the mechanism by which moisture promotes the defect formation on the precursor crystal structure and how it dictates the reduction of the temperature of the growth. The results were compared with the standard growth at high temperatures and with a precursor mixture with alkali salts to show the high quality of the WSe2 grown at temperatures as low as 550 °C. To conclude, the work improves the understanding of nucleation and growth mechanisms of WSe2 at low temperatures and provides a useful strategy for the growth of TMDs at temperatures required for the back-end-of-line compatibility with current silicon technology.
THE SWIFT BURST ALERT TELESCOPE PERSPECTIVE ON NON-THERMAL EMISSION IN HIFLUGCS GALAXY CLUSTERS

The search for diffuse non-thermal, inverse Compton (IC) emission from galaxy clusters at hard X-ray energies has been underway for many years, with most detections being either of low significance or controversial. In this work, we investigate 14–195 keV spectra from the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) all-sky survey for evidence of non-thermal excess emission above the exponentially decreasing tail of thermal emission in the flux-limited HIFLUGCS sample. To account for the thermal contribution at BAT energies, XMM-Newton EPIC spectra are extracted from coincident spatial regions so that both thermal and non-thermal spectral components can be determined simultaneously. We find marginally significant IC components in six clusters, though after closer inspection and consideration of systematic errors we are unable to claim a clear detection in any of them. The spectra of all clusters are also summed to enhance a cumulative non-thermal signal not quite detectable in individual clusters. After constructing a model based on single-temperature fits to the XMM-Newton data alone, we see no significant excess emission above that predicted by the thermal model determined at soft energies. This result also holds for the summed spectra of various subgroups, except for the subsample of clusters with diffuse radio emission. For clusters hosting a diffuse radio halo, a relic, or a mini-halo, non-thermal emission is initially detected at the ∼5σ confidence level—driven by clusters with mini-halos—but modeling and systematic uncertainties ultimately degrade this significance. In individual clusters, the non-thermal pressure of relativistic electrons is limited to ≲ 10% of the thermal electron pressure, with stricter limits for the more massive clusters, indicating that these electrons are likely not dynamically important in the central regions of clusters.
Ketosis Alters Transcriptional Adaptations of Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue in Holstein Cows during the Transition Period

Simple Summary Ketosis in dairy cows is one of the common nutritional metabolic diseases during the perinatal period. We conducted the present subcutaneous white adipose tissue transcriptome-based study to investigate the pathogenesis of ketosis in dairy cows. The transcriptome results showed that the expression of PCK1 and PCK2, key enzymes of the glyceroneogenesis, was simultaneously downregulated post-partum compared to pre-partum, possibly resulting in impaired lipid storage in the adipose tissue of ketotic cows. Integrating the GO enrichment analysis and published gene expression traits, the inflammatory response biological process inhibiting PCK1 and PCK2 expression in adipose tissue may be important in the development of ketosis in dairy cows. The findings of the present study provided important clues for the therapeutic and preventive targets for ketosis. Abstract Ketosis is a common nutritional, metabolic disease during the perinatal period in dairy cows characterized by elevated blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA). In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to investigate adaptive changes in adipose tissue during the perinatal period of dairy cows. Blood and tailhead subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) were obtained from ketotic cows (Ket = 8, BHBA ≥ 1.4 mmol/L) and non-ketotic cows (Nket = 6, BHBA < 1.4 mmol/L) 21 d pre-partum and 10 d post-partum. Compared with pre-partum, decreased lipid synthesis due to down-regulation of PCK1 may be in a strong association with clinical ketosis. Simultaneously, PCK2 was downregulated in the Ket postnatally compared to its expression prenatally, and the expression of PCK2 was 2.7~4.2 times higher than that of PCK1, implying a more severe lipid storage impairment in the Ket. Moreover, compared to pre-partum, the upregulated differentially expressed genes post-partum in the Ket were enriched in the inflammatory response biological process. The higher expression of TNC (tenascin C) in the post-partum Ket relative to the Nket suggested that the adipose tissue of ketotic cows might also be accompanied by tissue fibrosis. Notably, pre-partum CD209 was higher in the Ket than in the Nket, which might be used as a candidate marker for the pre-partum prediction of ketosis. Combined with published gene expression traits, these results suggested that inflammation leads to a more widespread downregulation of the lipid synthesis gene network in adipose tissue in ketotic cows. Additionally, sWAT in post-partum cows with ketosis might also be accompanied by tissue fibrosis which could make the treatment of ketosis more difficult.
The influence of exercising on the negative emotions of high school students

Middle school students are often affected by negative emotions, which significantly harm their physical and mental health. Physical exercise may be an effective form of relief. This study discusses the alleviating effect of basketball training on high school students' bad emotions. This study recruited 62 high school students and divided them into 2 groups. The control group didn’t do any basketball-related training, and the basketball training group did regular basketball training. We gather the statistics by sending out questionnaires about whether they are training or not and their anxiety score. The statistical results show that the anxiety level of the exercise group was significantly lower than that of the control group. This showed that basketball training is an effective way to relieve the bad emotions of high school students.
Differential responses of fish assemblages to environmental and spatial factors are mediated by dispersal-related traits in Neotropical streams

The organization of species metacommunities can be controlled by local factors, such as habitat quality, landscape factors, such as land use, and spatial factors, such as stream network distances. Species within a metacommunity have different traits that may be used to understand the determinants of community structure. This study aimed to understand how changes in environmental and spatial factors affected stream fish assemblages delineated based on their dispersal-related traits, such as preferential habitat use (i.e., benthic, nektobenthic, nektonic, marginal, and surface), preference for water velocity (i.e., fast, intermediate, and slow), and body size (i.e., small, medium, and large). We sampled 18 stream reaches in a dendritic network in the Upper Paraná River basin, located in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. We used variation partitioning techniques to test the relative effects of local environmental, landscape, and spatial variables on different species groups defined according to dispersal-related traits. Environmental and spatial variables weakly explained the variation in total assemblage taxonomic composition. However, based on different functional trait groups, we found that the environment had a strong relationship with assemblage composition of nektobenthic and small fish, whereas spatial variables were most strongly associated with marginal and surface fish. Large-scale spatial variables were associated with large fish and those that prefer slow water, whereas fine-scale variables were associated with small and surface-dwelling fish. These findings help improve understanding of how functional composition of stream fish assemblages may be affected by urban development, riparian conversion, and resulting changes in local environmental conditions.
The impact of the music curriculum in China on identity development in adolescence aged between 13 and 17

: This article focuses on reflections on the impact of the creation of a music curriculum on the development of young people's identity in a Chinese context. What is worth thinking about in this issue is the meaning of music for human beings and its impact on mental health? What is the significance of having a music programme for students and how does the music programme contribute to the development of young people's identity in the field of psychology? This study will be divided into three parts to discuss, what are the characteristics of the music curriculum for 13–17-year-olds in China? And how does the Chinese music curriculum affect the identity development of young people? And at the end of the article, recommendations are given for readers' reference.
Chemical Inhomogeneities and Pulsation

Major improvements in models of chemically peculiar stars have been achieved in the past few years. With these new models it has been possible to test quantitatively some of the processes involved in the formation of abundance anomalies and their effect on stellar structure. The models of metallic A (Am) stars have shown that a much deeper mixing has to be present to account for observed abundance anomalies. This has implications on their variability, which these models also reproduce qualitatively. These models also have implications for other chemically inhomogeneous stars such as HgMn B stars which are not known to be variable and {lambda} Booetis stars which can be. The study of the variability of chemically inhomogeneous stars can provide unique information on the dynamic processes occurring in many types of stars in addition to modeling of the evolution of their surface composition.
Vibrations and stability of columns subjected to a certain type of generalised load

A classification of loading of cantilever columns regarding the way of load application has been established. Natural vibration frequency against the applied load and stability of two columns under the generalised load of the first kind have been investigated numerically. The influence of some geometrical parameters of the loading head as well as the concentrated mass fixed at the end of column upon both the eigenvalue curves and the divergence critical load were analysed. Some numerical results of eigenfrequency have been confirmed by an experiment performed on two constructed stands.
Emitting solitonized laser beams to boost the negative energy density of squeezed regions of the vacuum

There are two main approaches to generate the negative energy density (NED) in the literature. The Casimir effect and the squeezed vacuum. The possibility of the latter approach is qualitatively reviewed in this paper. It is proposed that the soliton theory may give remarkable contributions to generate and separate the NED out of the quantum vacuum. By applying the wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) method on the solitonized laser beams which give rise the squeezed regions of the vacuum, it is shown the solitons' properties can be useful to the chosen approach.
Face Threatening Act and Gender Bias in Manggarain Marriage Proposal, Indonesia

This study aimed to describe and analyze the spokesmen's politeness strategies and gender bias in their utterances when making a marriage proposal in Manggarai, Indonesia. This study was under the philosophy of interpretivism with the employment of descriptive qualitative design. Six spokesmen in three different marriage proposals were the main source of data. Since the researchers were participant observers, relevant data notes were taken. To support the observation data, the researchers conducted interviews and documentation studies. Dwelling pragmatic theory, the obtained data were analyzed through some stages: data reduction, data display, and drawing a conclusion. It is discovered that on record without redressive consisting of positive and negative type is predominantly used as a strategy followed by redressive and off the record. In addition, gender bias was found in the use of the figurative language of metaphor, simile, and symbolism in the spokesmen’s utterances. In order to have effective and meaningful interpersonal relationships and communication, it is, therefore, crucial that we understand what to say and how to say it.
Phenotyping COPD Patients with Emphysema Distribution Using Quantitative CT Measurement; More Severe Airway Involvement in Lower Dominant Emphysema

Purpose We explored the differences in clinical manifestations of COPD patients regarding emphysema distribution along with evidence of airway involvement in chest computed tomography (CT) scans. Patients and Methods The patients were divided into three groups according to the emphysema distribution: the upper dominant (UD), lower dominant (LD), and homogeneous (HD) groups. Airway wall thickness was quantitatively measured and the presence of bronchiectasis and/or bronchial wall thickening (BE/BWT) was visually assessed. Baseline characteristics including the evidence of airway involvement and long-term outcomes were compared among the three groups. Non-severe patients of each group were first treated with 3 months of ICS/LABA combination after 2 weeks of wash-out period and lung functions before and after the treatment were compared. Results Of the 425 patients, 141 were in the UD, 107 in LD, and 177 in HD. The LD had more severe airway obstruction with lower emphysema index (EI) than the UD (LD vs UD; FEV1, 49.5–14.9 vs 54.6–16.5; EI, 21.0 [IQR: 14.0–33.1] vs 26.3 [IQR: 15.8–39.0]). The LD showed thicker airways (higher WA% and Pi10) and more severe air trapping (higher RV and RV/TLC) than UD. A larger proportion of patients in LD had BE/BWT (35.5% in LD vs 11.3% in UD). In LD, more patients experienced acute exacerbations and the time to first exacerbation was shorter than UD. Non-severe patients in LD treated with 3 months of ICS/LABA combined inhalers showed a notable reduction of RV than UD (LD vs UD; −531.1–936.5 vs −86.5–623.5). Conclusion The LD showed a more prominent airway involvement than UD, which may cause more frequent exacerbations and a marked reduction of RV after the ICS/LABA combination treatment in LD. Phenotyping of the COPD patients using quantitatively measured emphysema distribution would be useful for predicting treatment response and exacerbation.
Psychometric properties of the attention network test in Iranian children and adults

Introduction: The attention system can be divided into alerting, orienting, and executive control networks. The validation of attention measurement tools is important in psychology. The present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Adult Attention Network test and Children Attention Network test. Methods: A total of 184 children (6-9 years old) and 184 adults (44-20 years old) were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method, and the attention network test was performed on them. Cronbach's alpha was used for validity analysis, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare groups. Analyzes were performed using SPSS-24 software. Results: Findings showed that Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the test was the total attention network of adults (0.88), and its dimensions were alerting dimension (0.80), orientation dimension (0.79), and executive control dimension (0.84). Cronbach's alpha was also obtained for the whole children's test (0.82) and each of the subscales, including alerting (0.70), orienting (0.70), and executive control (0.76). There was no significant difference in the children's attention test scores in the three dimensions of alerting, orienting, and executive control between girls and boys and men and women. There is no significant difference between the children's attention network test scores in the dimension of orienting and executive control in different age groups. Nevertheless, there is a significant difference between different age groups in alerting and total attention network test. Conclusion: The current study's findings concluded that the adult and child attention network test has acceptable validity and can be used as a tool in psychological research.
1-Propyl-4(5)-Methylimidazole Isomers for Temperature Swing Solvent Extraction

Temperature swing solvent extraction (TSSE) utilizes an amine solvent with temperature-dependent water solubility to dissolve water at a lower temperature to concentrate or crystallize the brine and the phases are separated. Then, the water in solvent mixture is heated to reduce water solubility and cause phase separation between the solvent and water. The solvent and de-salted water phases are separated, and the regenerated solvent can be recycled. Issues with current TSSE solvents include the high solvent in water solubility and the high solvent volatility. This project used the highly tunable platform molecule imidazole to create two 1-butylimidazole isomers, specifically 1-propyl-4(5)-methylimidazole, to test their effectiveness for TSSE. The imidazoles take in more water than their current state-of-the-art counterparts, but do not desalinate the product water and dissolve in water at higher concentrations. Thus, while imidazoles make intriguing candidates for TSSE, further work is needed to understand how to design imidazoles that will be useful for TSSE applications.
Understanding and reducing dispersed fixed-delay interferometric data for extrasolar planet searches

of Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy UNDERSTANDING AND REDUCING DISPERSED FIXED-DELAY INTERFEROMETRIC DATA FOR EXTRASOLAR PLANET SEARCHES By Julian Christopher van Eyken December 2007 Chair: Dr. Jian Ge Major: Astronomy The dispersed fixed-delay interferometer represents a new instrument concept for high-precision radial velocity surveys for extrasolar planets. A combination of an interferometer in series with a medium resolution spectrograph, it has the potential for performing multi-object surveying down to faint magnitude limits, where previous radial velocity techniques have been limited to observing only one target at at time. The sample of relatively bright stars that can quickly be surveyed using traditional radial velocity techniques with current technology is becoming exhausted, and the radial-velocity planet discovery rate is beginning to level out. Because of the large sample of extrasolar planets needed to perform statistical analyses to be able to understand aspects of planetary formation and evolution, such a multi-object instrument represents the next logical step in instrumentation for extrasolar planet research. As a useful by-product, the instrument has the potential to provide simple measurements of the projected rotational velocities of stars. The development of this instrument has necessitated the development of new data reduction procedures to efficiently and reliably turn the raw data into meaningful results, and a careful consideration of precision levels and sources of error. This in turn has required fleshing out a detailed understanding of the physical principles of the instrument. The single-object Exoplanet Tracker installed at Kitt Peak National Observatory and the multi-object W. M. Keck Exoplanet-Tracker at Apache Point Observatory are the first