Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gneiss Dome Formation in the Himalaya and southern Tibet

Abstract Gneiss domes in the Himalaya and southern Tibet record processes of crustal thickening, metamorphism, melting, deformation and exhumation during the convergence between the Indian and Eurasian plates. We review two types of gneiss domes: North Himalayan gneiss domes (NHGD) and later domes formed by orogen-parallel extension. Located in the southern Tibetan Plateau, the NHGD are cored by granite and gneiss, and mantled by the Tethyan sedimentary sequence. The footwall of these were extruded southwards from beneath the Tibetan Plateau and subsequently warped into a domal shape. The second class of domes were formed during displacement on normal-sense shear zones and detachments that accommodated orogen-parallel extension during the Late Miocene. In some cases, formation of these domes involved an early stage of southwards-directed extrusion prior to doming. We review evidence for orogen-parallel extension to provide context for the formation of these gneiss domes. Compilations of pressure–temperature–time–deformation data and temperature–time paths indicate differences between dome types, and we accordingly propose new terminology. Type 1 domes are characterized by doming as an artefact of post-high-temperature exhumation processes in the Middle Miocene. Type 2 domes formed in response to exhumation during orogen-parallel extension in the Late Miocene that potentially post-dates south-directed extrusion.
A Review of Geophysical Methods for Soil Structure Characterization

The growing interest in the maintenance of favorable soil structure is largely motivated by its central role in plant growth, soil ecological functioning, and impacts on surface water and energy fluxes. Soil structure pertains to the spatial arrangement of voids and solid constituents, their aggregation, and mechanical state. As a fragile product of soil biological activity that includes invisible ingredients (mechanical and ecological states), soil structure is difficult to define rigorously, and measurements of relevant metrics often rely on core samples or on episodic point measurements. The presence of soil structure has not yet been explicitly incorporated in climate and Earth systems models, partially due to incomplete methodological means to characterize it at relevant scales and to parameterize it in spatially extensive models. We seek to review the potential of harnessing geophysical methods to fill the scale gap in characterization of soil structure directly (via impact of soil pores, transport, and mechanical properties on geophysical signals) or indirectly by measurement of surrogate variables (wetness and rates of drainage). We review basic aspects of soil structure and challenges of characterization across spatial and temporal scales and how geophysical methods could be used for the task. Additionally, we propose the use of geophysical models, inversion techniques, and combination of geophysical methods for extracting soil structure information at previously unexplored spatial and temporal scales.
Cognitive behavioral therapy for a Japanese woman with olfactory reference disorder (ORD) comorbid with schizophrenia: A case study

Olfactory reference disorder (ORD) is a mental illness in which individuals overestimate their sense of smell and worry about the negative impact of odors. Little is known about its successful treatment. A new cognitive behavioral model was developed based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Using this model, this study reports a successful treatment process of a 53‐year‐old female with ORD.The patient's initial diagnosis was schizophrenia, and improvements were observed, such as the disappearance of persecutory delusions, through medication therapy. During this treatment process, it became clear that the patient's preoccupation with her own offensive body odor was not a hallucination or delusion caused by schizophrenia but rather a symptom of ORD. Within a limited 4‐week hospitalization period, high‐intensity CBT was provided by a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist. Multiple CBT techniques were employed, including case formulation to identify her beliefs, reviewing safety‐seeking behaviors, attention shift training, behavioral experiments, public opinion polls, mindfulness meditation, and exposure and response prevention.Following a seven‐sessions intensive intervention over 3 weeks, her symptoms of ORD, anxiety, and depression reduced. High‐frequency CBT practices could be beneficial in treatment of patients with severe ORD, addressing severe ORD cases, facilitating rapid improvement in both ORD symptoms and functioning.
Erosion and land use effects on soil quality and crop yield on sloping lands in Solomon Islands

Soil properties were evaluated under three land use practices on sloping land on Kolombangara in Solomon Islands (lat. 5-12 ° S and long. 155-170 ° W). The land use practices include: (1) natural forest (NF), (2) current farmers shifting cultivation practice (FP), and (3) current farmers practice with topsoil removed or scalped (SC). Saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, texture, and aggregation were significantly impacted by cultivation and topsoil removal. Soil organic carbon content (SOC) was significantly low under the FP and SC treatments compared to NF treatment. The NF treatment had 2.8 times more SOC than FP treatment and 9.6 times more than SC treatment in the top 15cm depth. In the 15-30 cm depth, the SOC content in NF was 1.7 times more than FP and 6 times more than SC. High SOC content was only found in the topsoil (0-15 cm depth) and decreases abruptly with depth among all three treatments. The data also showed that the changes in the soil chemical properties had significant effect on the sweet potato yield compared to soil physical properties. Sweet potato yield was low for the SC treatment, which had significant reductions in SOC, N, P, K and CEC. After two sweet potato crops under the current farmers practice, yield was drastically reduced along with changes in soil chemical properties. Changes in soil properties impacts soil quality which made the current farmers practice unsustainable without high input. Three types o f vegetative barriers were evaluated against traditional farmer’s practice (FP) for their potential to reduce runoff on a 35 percent slope from February 1999 to April 2000. Rxmoff amount was strongly correlated with daily rainfall amount (r^ = 0.76,) and occurred in daily rainfall events exceeding 20mm. There was no significant difference in runoff between different vegetative barriers and FP which, suggest vegetative barriers used had little effect on runoff. Total runoff amount during the 15 month period for the four different treatments were 67.6 mm for FP, and 82.7 mm, 97.2mm, 76.2mm for banana (Musa nana)/heliconia (Heliconia bihai ), pineapple Ananas comosis and western cabbage(/*o/yc/
The effect of sea level rise on liquefaction vulnerability: A Case study for consideration of development on coastal plains and reclamations

The 2010-2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES) caused widespread liquefaction related damage. The extent and severity was primarily influenced by the level of earthquake shaking, soil conditions and depth to groundwater. The CES also caused ground surface subsidence and as a result the ground surface is now closer to the groundwater level, causing the land to become more vulnerable to liquefaction damage in future earthquake events. Sea Level Rise (SLR) will raise groundwater levels in low lying coastal areas. Using the Canterbury geotechnical dataset, the increases in liquefaction vulnerability from SLR are examined and the implications for future land use planning and development of low lying coastal areas with liquefaction susceptible soils is discussed. Appropriate consideration of the increased liquefaction vulnerability due to SLR will introduce a challenging balance for investors, regulators and the public, between commercially and aesthetically attractive coastal expansion, and more resilient long-term development that accounts for hazards associated with climate change.
Training Vouchers and Labour Market Outcomes in Chile

This paper evaluates the impact of the Bono Trabajador Activo, a training voucher program in Chile, on workers' labor market outcomes. Using detailed administrative datasets of the National Employment Service and the Unemployment Insurance System, we apply difference-in-difference and IV estimators to measure these effects. Our main results indicate that the voucher program has an overall negative impact on employment and earnings, particularly among individuals who expect to change economic sector. In contrast, we find that the program improves labor outcomes for females, particularly for those with lower education. The voucher program also improves employment duration and mobility across economic sectors.
MAGRes-UNet: Improved Medical Image Segmentation Through a Deep Learning Paradigm of Multi-Attention Gated Residual U-Net

Precise segmentation is vital for successful diagnosis and treatment planning. Medical image segmentation has demonstrated remarkable advances with the introduction of deep convolutional neural networks, particularly encoder-decoder networks such as U-Net. Despite their excellent performances, these methods have some limitations. First, the structure is limited in its ability to combine information because feature maps to extract valid information from the final encoding stage are incompatible at the encoding and decoding levels. Second, the approach ignores significant semantic details and does not consider different types of small-scale contextual information when segmenting medical images. Lastly, most methods employing 3D architectures to process input medical images increase the computational complexity of the model without significantly improving the accuracy. To resolve these issues, we propose a segmentation network called Multi-Attention Gated Residual U-Net (MAGRes-UNet). This network incorporates four multi-attention gate (MAG) modules and residual blocks into a standard U-Net structure. The MAG module integrates the information from all encoding stages and focuses on small-scale tumors while disambiguating irrelevant and noisy feature responses, thereby promoting meaningful contextual information. The residual blocks simplify the network training and mitigate the problem of vanishing gradients. This improves the ability of the network to effectively learn intricate features and deep representations. Moreover, our network employs the Mish and ReLU activation functions (AFs), which utilize AdamW and Adam optimization strategies to achieve enhanced segmentation performance. The proposed MAGRes-UNet method was compared with the U-Net, Multi-Attention Gated-UNet (MAG-UNet), and Residual-UNet (ResUNet) models. In addition, a statistical T-test was performed to assess the difference in model significance between the approaches. The analysis revealed that MAGRes-UNet employing Mish and AdamW provides significant performance improvement over the ReLU AF and Adam optimizer on two benchmark datasets: Multi-Class BT T1-weighted Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (T1-CE-MRI) and skin lesions HAM10000 (Human Against Machine with 10,000 training images). MAGRes-UNet using Mish and AdamW provides competitive performance over the representative medical image segmentation methods.
Spatial habitat use of young-of-the-year Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in response to changing stream discharge and population density : testing the instream flow model concept in a controlled experiment

Many rivers are affected by man-induced regulations of stream-flow. The effects of these on the instream biota have been studied widely and it is generally accepted that assessment tools for the management of regulated rivers are of vital importance. In particular predictive instream habitat models like the Physical Habitat Simulation Model (PHABSIM) have become popular for this purpose with users world-wide. These models predict discharge-related changes in instream habitat availability for target species by modelling the hydraulic geometry of the river reach on the one and the microhabitat preferences of the species on the other side. Despite their popularity, validation studies for this approach have met many difficulties which are mostly related to the biological part of the model, the habitat preference curves. A review of these studies undertaken here reveals that very little information has been published on two main assumptions of the mOdels: 1. The habitat preference of a species is independent of stream discharge 2. The habitat preference of a species is independent of the species population density Most validation studies are undertaken in field situations. As such they frequently have had problems relating to sampling the microhabitat use consistently, a lack of experimental control and variations in other secondary variables. It was thus decided to conduct controlled experiments in a large indoor flume. Young-of-year Atlantic salmon (Sa/mo sa/aT) caught in a nearby stream were stocked into poolriffle sequences, landscaped within a natural substrate, in observation areas of 3.6 metres length and 1 metre width. Microhabitat use of fish was recorded at three different discharges within a 15-fold discharge variation. It was found that the mean column velocity preference of the juvenile salmon, calculated by the standard method, varied largely, mainly due to a shift of preference for low water velocities. "Weighted usable area" (WUA) calculations,
Softlifting in College: Cheating or Forgiving

Softlifting in higher education occurs due to the academic community's requirements and the convenience of accessing and downloading software through internet platforms. This research aims to investigate the impact of ethics sensitivity, moral ethics, perceived risk, perceived benefits, and habit on the intention to engage in softlifting. The study employed quantitative research through distributing questionnaires to accounting students at private universities in Surabaya. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The findings reveal that ethics sensitivity, moral ethics, perceived risk, and habit have a negative and significant influence on the intention to engage in softlifting. On the other hand, perceived benefits have a positive and significant effect on softlifting intention. Incorporating ethical and moral values as research variables is an essential ethical consideration for those involved in software piracy, which adds originality to this study. This research emphasizes the importance of effective socialization and education against using pirated software or engaging in softlifting within the university environment. Furthermore, it underscores the responsibility of university management to provide legal software to students, which serves as a practical contribution to the overall issue.
Profitability and dividend policy: How does free cash flow explain this relationship?

Purpose – This study aims to examine the possible explanations for the inconsistency between profitability and dividend policy association. It also aims to carefully investigate the explanations of the free cash flow regarding the profitability-dividend policy relationship while specifying the shape of the moderating variables.Design/methodology/approach –This study uses LQ45-listed enterprises as research sample and adopt hierarchical moderating analysis as our methods. This study also uses 10-year observations from 2012-2020 with 170 firm-years observations represented by 17 companies.Findings – The results showed a positive association between profitability and dividend policy, suggesting that higher profit was capable of inducing firms to provide more dividend payments for the stockholders. Furthermore, increasing free cash flow strengthened the profitability-dividend policy relationship and it play a role as a pure moderator between both variables. Research limitations/implications – As this study use LQ45 sample firms, the interpretation from the research funding should be carefully made and generalizations should be done with caution. Also, current study does not include managerial characteristics as potential factors to influence dividend policy due to data limitation. Practical implications – This study provide implication for managers by suggesting that the free cash flow condition of a company may be essential for deciding dividend payout policy when firms can create good profitability. Firms need to maintain its fee cash flow level to gain benefit as a driver to create favorable dividend policy for stockholders. Originality/value – This study adds essential contribution to the moderating role literature by distinguishing the type of moderating role of free cash flow on the relationship between dividend policy and profitability. In addition, this study also incorporates hierarchy regression analysis which is different from prior similar study.
Monitoring of Fecal Pollution in Fresh Water and Soil of Abbis Area, East of Alexandria, Egypt

Great concern is currently assigned to monitor the environmental conditions at Abbis and its satellite villages, east of Alexandria City, Egypt that suffer severe fecal pollution arising from the lack of sanitary sewerage system. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the bacteriological quality of water and soil at Abbis area (Villages no. 7 and 8) and some physicochemical characteristics of the water bodies. Results revealed that pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, biodegradable organic matter and chemical oxygen demand exceeded their permissible limits. The total viable bacterial count ranged between 1.0 x10 and 6.2 x10 CFU/ml in water samples and from 7.1x10 to 8.0 x10 CFU/g in soil samples. Total coliforms in the water of the less polluted sites recorded <300 cell/100 ml and in the highly polluted sites recorded >1800 cell/100 ml. However, all soil samples were heavily contaminated with total coliforms (>1800 cell/100 g). Fecal coliforms in the water samples ranged from 5 to 350 cell/100 ml. For soil, half of soil samples showed very high density of fecal coliforms (>1800 cell/100 g) and the rest showed fecal coliforms in the range of 35-1600 cell/100 g. Some correlations were detected among the tested water parameters at the study area and most of the sampling sites were similar. According to the European and Egyptian current standards, the bacteriological analyses confirmed the results of the physicochemical characterization where most of the selected sites were highly polluted.
Prefrontal engagement predicts the effect of museum visit on psychological well-being: an fNIRS exploration

Recent research suggests that museum visits can benefit psychological well-being by reducing symptoms of stress and anxiety. However, these reported relaxing effects remain inconsistent between studies. Shedding light on the underlying cerebral mechanisms of museum visits might support a better understanding of how it affects psychological well-being. This study aimed to investigate the prefrontal engagement evoked by artwork analysis during a museum visit and to determine if these prefrontal substrates are associated with the museum’s effect on psychological well-being in older adults. Nineteen adults aged between 65 and 79, toured a Baroque-style exhibit at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts for approximately 20 minutes while equipped with a near-infrared spectroscopy system measuring the prefrontal cortex’s hemodynamic activity. For each painting, participants received the instruction to either (1): analyze the painting and produce a personal interpretation of its signification (analytic condition) or (2) visualize the painting without any specific thoughts (visualization condition). Questionnaires measuring stress, anxiety, and well-being were administered before and after the visit. Sixteen older women (71.5 ± 4 years) were included in the analyses. Results showed that, at the group level, the analytic condition was associated with an increased activation pattern in the left ventrolateral prefrontal region, typically related to attentional processes (not observed in the visualization condition). The activation associated with the analytic condition predicted pre-/post-visit reductions in self-reported anxiety and stress in the sample of older women. These observations suggest that the level of engagement of attentional processes during artwork analysis may play a major role in the effect of a museum’s visit on self-reported symptoms of anxiety.
Relationship between the South China Sea summer monsoon onset and tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific

This study investigated the relationship between the onset date of the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) and tropical cyclone (TC) genesis over the western North Pacific (WNP). The inter‐annual WNP TC genesis numbers in May is significantly negatively correlated with the onset date of the SCSSM for the epoch of 1979–2015. In the early (late) onset SCSSM years, more (less) TCs tend to be generated. The monsoon trough would enter the WNP earlier in the early SCSSM years and its easternmost location would extend to the east of 140°E. This process would enhance the barotropic eddy energy conversions, which would convert more mean kinetic energy into eddy kinetic energy and supply more energy for TC genesis in the WNP in May. A predicted early (late) onset of the SCSSM might correlate with more WNP TC genesis in May.
THE ROLE OF BUSINESS STRATEGY IN MODERATING THE EFFECT OF ESG PERFORMANCE ON FIRM VALUE

Background: The sustainability issue has become a global conversation both in society and especially in the business world. Climate change, social crises, and environmental issues pose threats to the global economy, especially for developing countries with weaker infrastructures compared to developed nations, thus necessitating sustainable practices, one of which is through ESG disclosure.Objective: This study aims to empirically examine the influence of ESG performance on firm value with business strategy using Miles & Snow's typology (1978) as a moderator.Research Methodology: This study uses unbalanced panel data regression with fixed effects using robust standard error to prevent bias in testing the formulated hypotheses. The population in this study consists of non-financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2018 to 2022, with a sample of 194 companies. The data collection method utilizes purposive sampling. Data is analyzed using the panel data regression method.Research Findings: The results of this study show that ESG performance has a significant negative impact on firm value. Furthermore, this research finds that business strategy can moderate the relationship between ESG performance and firm value, where it strengthens the negative relationship between ESG and firm value. Additional analysis reveals that the defender strategy weakens the negative relationship between ESG and firm value. Meanwhile, the other two strategies are unable to moderate the relationship between ESG and firm value.Originality/Novelty of Research: This is a study examining the influence of ESG on firm value with business strategy as a moderator in the non-financial sector companies in Indonesia listed on the BEI using data from 2018 to 2022