Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Homeostasis and Well Being Homeostasis and Well Being

Summary: The paper suggests that maintenance of a homeostatic equilibrium provides a rationale for many actions of economic agents. Homeostatic equilibrium has physical, economic, emotional, psychological and environmental dimensions. The characteristics of this equilibrium include feelings of safety, trust, connectedness with friends, family and community, and a predictable and welcoming social and work environment. Individuals generally make decisions that help them move toward and achieve this state of equilibrium. Departure from homeostasis reduces well being and stimulates agents to take actions that will return them to a state of homeostasis. This hypothesis is tested with probit analysis using sample responses from the four waves of the World Values Surveys conducted between 1980 and 2002. Results generally support the homeostasis hypothesis. Variables that reflect departure from homeostasis such as divorce and poor health are highly significant, pointing to a reduction in well being. Variables that reflect the importance of friends, family, a trusting social and work environment have significant impacts to raise well being.
Equivalence, reversibility and symmetry properties in fork/join queueing networks with blocking

In this paper we study quantitative as well as qualitative properties of Fork/Join queueing networks with blocking (FJQN/B's). Specifically, we prove theorems regarding the equivalence of the behavior of a FJQN/B and that of its duals of a circuit-free FJQN/B, and a strongly connected marked graph. In addition, we obtain general conditions that must be satisfied by the service times to guarantee the existence of a long term throughput and its independence on the initial configuration. We also establish conditions under which the reverse of a FJQN/B has the same throughput as the original network. Last, by combining the equivalence results for duals and the reversibility results, we establish a symmetry property for the throughput of a FJQN/B.
Missouri-Specific Crash Prediction Model for Signalized Intersections

The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) provides guidance and tools to conduct quantitative safety analysis. Crash prediction models are used to estimate the expected number of crashes per year, by facility type, severity, and crash type. There are two approaches for applying the HSM crash prediction methodology to local conditions: (1) calibration of models provided in the HSM; or (2) development of jurisdiction-specific models. There are some instances in which model calibration may not be appropriate. To illustrate this case, 601 urban signalized four-leg intersections (U4SG) in Missouri were used to obtain the calibration factor, assess the quality of the calibration factor, and develop jurisdiction-specific models. For U4SG total crashes, the calibration factor for Missouri conditions was 3.98 (standard deviation, 0.13). The assessment of the calibration factor showed a disproportional difference between the observed data in Missouri and the HSM model. Thus, the calibration was deemed inappropriate and the development of Missouri-specific models was supported. The models were developed for severities Fatal and Injury (FI) and Property Damage Only (PDO) crashes. The predictor variables considered were intersection AADT, posted speed limit, signal control type, exclusive left turn lanes, exclusive right turn lanes, right turn on red prohibited, and facilities of interest within 1,000 ft from the intersection (bus stops, schools, and alcohol sale establishments). Functional forms for all predictor variables were optimized. The log-likelihood, inverse overdispersion, and Cumulative Residuals (CURE) plots showed satisfactory measures of model accuracy.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Gender and connections among Wall Street analysts

We examine how alumni ties with corporate boards differentially affect male and female analysts’ job performance and career outcomes. Connection improves men’s job performance— forecasting accuracy and recommendation impact—significantly more than women’s . Controlling for performance, connection further contributes to men’s, but not women’s, likelihood of being voted by institutional investors as “star” analysts, a marker of career success. These asymmetric effects are stronger in more opaque firms and among younger analysts, but is absent from a placebo test. Our evidence indicates that men reap higher benefits from social networks than women in both job performance and subjective evaluation.
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes Creative destruction in science ☆

Drawing on the concept of a gale of creative destruction in a capitalistic economy, we argue that initiatives to assess the robustness of findings in the organizational literature should aim to simultaneously test competing ideas operating in the same theoretical space. In other words, replication efforts should seek not just to support or question the original findings, but also to replace them with revised, stronger theories with greater explanatory power. Achieving this will typically require adding new measures, conditions, and subject populations to research designs, in order to carry out conceptual tests of multiple theories in addition to directly replicating the original findings. To illustrate the value of the creative destruction approach for theory pruning in organi- zational scholarship, we describe recent replication initiatives re-examining culture and work morality, working parents’ reasoning about day care options, and gender discrimination in hiring decisions. Signiﬁcance statement: It is becoming increasingly clear that many, if not most, published research findings across scientific fields are not readily replicable when the same method is repeated. Although extremely valuable, failed replications risk leaving a theoretical void— reducing confidence the original theoretical prediction is true, but not replacing it with positive evidence in favor of an alternative theory. We introduce the creative destruction approach to replication, which combines theory pruning methods from the field of management with emerging best practices from the open science movement, with the aim of making replications as generative as possible. In effect, we advocate for a Replication 2.0 movement in which the goal shifts from checking on the reliability of past findings to actively engaging in competitive theory testing and theory building. Scientiﬁc transparency statement: The materials, code, and data for this article are posted publicly on the Open Science Framework, with links provided in the article.
E xport C rEdit G uarantEEs and d Emand for i nsuranCE

Government financing instruments like state export credit guarantees have successfully strengthened inter­ national trade over the last ninety years. They play a significant role in promoting exports, both in highly industrialised and in developing economies (Klasen 2011). Together with private insurers, government ex­ port credit agencies (ECAs) accounted for a record 11 percent of global trade in 2013. ECAs give evi­ dence of strong support for insuring exporters against losses due to buyers’ insolvencies in export markets and political risks. This particularly applies to exports to emerging economies, where ECAs fill the gap left by private insurers or banks.
in the exclusion task: Electrophysiological evidence

One assumption underlying the use of the exclusion taskaspartof the processdissociationprocedure is that studied items are successfully excluded only when they are recollected. The present study employed event-relatedpotentials (ERPs) to demonstrate that successful exclusion does not necessarily require recollection. In two experiments, the study tasks for to-be-excluded items were identical, but the tasks employed with target items differed, giving better memory for these items in Experiment 1 than in Experiment 2. Successfullyexcluded items elicitedthe ERP signature for recollection—the left parietal old/new effect —in Experiment 2 only. These findings indicate that the subjects adopted different retrievalstrategiesin the two experiments. It is suggestedthat they made more use of source information about to-be-excluded items in the second experiment than in the first.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Late adoptions

A growing body of research suggests that a history of neglect, abuse and institutionalization can negatively affect late-adopted children’s attachment representations, and that adoptive parents can play a key role in enabling adopted children to earn secure attachments. Still, only a few studies have explored the quality of caregiver–child interaction in adoptive families. The present study aimed at verifying both the concordance of attachment in adoptive dyads (mother–children and father–children) and the relationship between attachment representations and parent–child interaction. The research involved 20 adoptive families in which the child's arrival had occurred between 12 to 36 months before the assessment, and where children were aged between 4.5 and 8.5 years. Attachment was assessed through the Adult Attachment Interview for parents and through the Manchester Child Attachment Story Task for children. The emotional quality of parent–child interaction was assessed trough the Emotional Availability Scales. Our results pointed out the presence of a relation between attachment representations of late-adopted children and their adoptive mothers (75%, K = 0.50, p = .025). In addition, we found that both insecure children and mothers showed lower levels of EA than secure ones. Some explanations are presented about why, in the early post-adoption period, child attachment patterns and dyadic emotional availability seem to be arranged on different frameworks for the two parental figures. The study involved 20 Italian adoptive families, including 60 participants, consisting of 20 late-adopted children, 20 adoptive mothers and 20 adoptive fathers, with the following inclusion criteria: international adoption; age of children between 4.5 and 8.5 years; time spent by the child in the adoptive family between 12 and 36 months; absence of special needs.
AENDO March 41/3

Coker, Robert H. , D. Brooks Lacy, Phillip E. Williams, and David H. Wasserman. Hepatic aand b-adrenergic receptors are not essential for the increase in Ra during exercise in diabetes. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 278: E444–E451, 2000. —The purpose of this study was to determine the role of direct hepatic adrenergic stimulation in the control of endogenous glucose production (Ra) during moderate exercise in poorly controlled alloxan-diabetic dogs. Chronically catheterized and instrumented (flow probes on hepatic artery and portal vein) dogs were made diabetic by administration of alloxan. Each study consisted of a 120-min equilibration, 30-min basal, 150-min moderate exercise, 30-min recovery, and 30-min blockade test period. Either vehicle (control; n 5 6) or a (phentolamine)and b (propranolol)-adrenergic blockers (HAB; n 5 6) were infused in the portal vein. In both groups, epinephrine (Epi) and norepinephrine (NE) were infused in the portal vein during the blockade test period to create suprapharmacological levels at the liver. Isotopic ([3-3H]glucose, [U-14C]alanine) and arteriovenous difference methods were used to assess hepatic function. Arterial plasma glucose was similar in controls (345 6 24 mg/dl) and HAB (336 6 23 mg/dl) and was unchanged by exercise. Basal arterial insulin was 5 6 1 mU/ml in controls and 4 6 1 mU/ml in HAB and fell by ,50% during exercise in both groups. Basal arterial glucagon was similar in controls (56 6 10 pg/ml) and HAB (55 6 7 pg/ml) and rose similarly, by ,1.4-fold, with exercise in both groups. Despite greater arterial Epi and NE levels in HAB compared with controls during the basal and exercise periods, exercise-induced increases in catecholamines from basal were similar in both groups. Gluconeogenic conversion from alanine and lactate and the intrahepatic efficiency of this process were increased by twofold during exercise in both groups. Ra rose similarly by 2.9 6 0.7 and 2.7 6 1.0 mg·kg21 ·min21 at time 5 150 min during exercise in controls and HAB. During the blockade test period, arterial plasma glucose and Ra rose to 454 6 43 mg/dl and 11.3 mg·kg21 ·min21 in controls, respectively, but were essentially unchanged in HAB. The attenuated response to the blockade test in HAB substantiates the effectiveness of the hepatic adrenergic blockade. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that direct hepatic adrenergic stimulation does not play a role in the stimulation of Ra during exercise in poorly controlled diabetes.
The Inﬂuence of Nontimber Forest Products Development on the Economic–Ecological Coordination—Evidence from Lin’an District, Zhejiang Province, China

: The inﬂuence of the nontimber forest products (NTFPs) on the coordinated economic and ecological development has received considerable attention, where the results are mixed. This study took Lin’an District in Zhejiang Province of China as an example for analysis. Using long-term (more than 40 years) data, system coupling and autoregressive distributed lag models were combined to analyze the effect of NTFP development on coordinated economic–ecological development. The results show that large-scale commercial NTFP development positively affected coordinated economic–ecological development, and a long-term stable equilibrium relationship between them existed. The degree of regional economic–ecological coupling increased from 0.05 in 1978 to 0.98 in 2019, and both area and value of NTFP had a signiﬁcant effect on the coupling degree at the 5% level. These ﬁndings indicate that NTFP development is an effective method to promote the coordinated development of the economy and ecological environment especially in mountain areas, and the government should encourage NTFP development by ecological management, strengthening policy guidance, and providing technological innovation support, etc.
the Stem Cell Antigen-1/ERK PathwayInhibiting Response to Bacteremia in Mice by Alcohol Impairs the Myeloid Proliferative

Enhancement of stem cell Ag-1 (Sca-1) expression by myeloid precursors promotes the granulopoietic response to bacterial infection. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. ERK pathway activation strongly enhances proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. In this study, we investigated the role of Sca-1 in promoting ERK-dependent myeloid lineage proliferation and the effects of alcohol on this process. Thirty minutes after i.p. injection of alcohol, mice received i.v. challenge with 5 3 10 7 Escherichia coli for 8 or 24 h. A subset of mice received i.v. BrdU injection 20 h after challenge. Bacteremia increased Sca-1 expression, ERK activation, and proliferation of myeloid and granulopoietic precursors. Alcohol administration suppressed this response and impaired granulocyte production. Sca-1 expression positively correlated with ERK activation and cell cycling, but negatively correlated with myeloperoxidase content in granulopoietic precursors. Alcohol intoxication suppressed ERK activation in granulopoietic precursors and proliferation of these cells during bacteremia. Granulopoietic precursors in Sca-1 2 / 2 mice failed to activate ERK signaling and could not increase granulomacrophagic CFU activity following bacteremia. These data indicate that Sca-1 expression promotes ERK-dependent myeloid cell proliferation during bacteremia. Suppression of this response could represent an underlying mechanism for developing myelosuppression in alcohol-abusing hosts with severe bacterial infection. The Journal of Immunology , 2012, 188: 000–000. Phospho-speciﬁc ﬂow cytometry the study of intracellular signal- ing events at the single cell level. To investigate intracellular signaling mechanisms, we developed a phospho-speciﬁc ﬂow cytometry protocol for analyzing intracellular ERK signaling in distinct stages of myeloid and granulocyte lineage development. After 8 h E. coli challenge, bone marrow was collected and RBCs in the bone marrow sample were lysed with Purescript RBC lysis solution (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) as previously de- scribed (10). Thereafter, nucleated bone marrow cells were ﬁxed and permeabilized according to the previously reported protocol, with some modiﬁcations (26). Nucleated cells were washed in 1 3 PBS after RBC lysis. Cells were ﬁxed immediately with 1.5% paraformaldehyde for 10 min. Fixed cells were washed twice with staining buffer (PBS plus 0.5% BSA plus 0.1% NaN 3 ). A mixed panel of biotinylated anti-mouse lineage markers (CD3 ε [clone 145-2C11], CD45/B220 RA3-6B2], CD11b/ CD18 clone M1/70], Gr1 clone RB6-8C5], or TER119) or isotype control Abs (clones A19-3, R35-95, A95-1; BD Bio-sciences) were then incubated for 20 min at PE-con- jugated streptavidin (BD Biosciences; 10 m g/ml) and anti–Sca-1 (Ly6A/E, clone D7; BD then added
Genetic Analysis of Drosophila Class I Myosin Genes in Left-Right Asymmetric Development

*Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-1500, Japan § Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan †Gene Network Laboratory, Structural Biology Center, National Institute of Genetics, and Department of Genetics SOKENDAI, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
Improving Bivariate Ranked Set Sampling with Application to Chi-Square Control Chart

Ranked set sampling (RSS) is useful for data collection if observations can be ranked cheaply without actual measurement. RSS has been studied widely but not enough, especially in case of collecting independent interested variables by using multivariate ranked set sampling. There are many problems in the sample selection for this case. One important problem is called “Incomplete Ranked Set Sampling (InRSS)”, which causes bias in estimating mean. Hence, in this study, modified incomplete ranked set sampling (M-InRSS) is proposed for dealing with InRSS in one cycle bivariate RSS for independent bivariate normal distribution. Analytical results reveal that problems of bias and mean square error (MSE) in InRSS can be solved by using M-InRSS. Moreover, how to apply M-InRSS to chi-square control chart is shown with the numerical example of bivariate chi-square control chart based on M-InRSS. The results show that the charts based on M-InRSS are better than based on SRS. ______________________________
Functional Residual Capacity and expired CO 2 levels during stabilization of preterm infants at birth

Background: Preterm newborns often need respiratory support at birth for lung liquid clearance and aeration. Previous studies provided tidal volume range during breathing and positive pressure ventilation (PPV) at birth, but little is known how efficient these are in lung recruitment and establishing gas exchange. Aim was to measure tidal volume, functional residual capacity (FRC) changes and gas exchange during respiratory support at birth. Methods: T he following measurements were performed: 1) expired tidal volumes (Vte (mL/kg)) using respiratory function monitoring, 2) changes in FRC (AU/kg) per breath using Respiratory Inductance Plethysmography (bands placed around rib cage (RC) and abdomen (AB)), 3) expired CO 2 ( ECO 2 ) using a volumetric CO 2 monitor. For respiratory support a T-piece resuscitator and mask were used with PIP 25 cmH 2 O and PEEP 5 cmH 2 O. Data was analyzed during sustained inflation (SI), PPV and breathing on CPAP. Results: 15 infants were included. Vte for inflations, inflations with breathing and breathing were significantly different (4.4 (2.5-8.6) vs. 8.8 (5.7-11.4) vs. 5.7 (3.3-9.8); p<0.0001)). Breathing led to the highest ECO 2 , while during PPV ECO 2 was higher when breathing coincided (32 (23-38) vs. 20 (13-25) vs. 2 (3-11) mm Hg; p<0.0001). Little change in FRC occurred during the SI, PPV and breathing measured at the RC. In contrast, there was FRC gain at the AB during the SI, PPV, but most with breathing. Conclusion: While Vte during breathing was lower compared to PPV, breathing was most effective in gas exchange and FRC gain than PPV.
Part A Long-term effects of acromegaly on joints and bone

OBJECTIVE: Arthropathy is an invalidating complication of acromegaly, of which the prognosis and determinants are currently unknown in treated acromegaly. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate radiographic progression of arthropathy over a mean follow-up period of 2.6 years and determinants of outcome in patients with long-term well-controlled acromegaly. METHODS: In a prospective cohort study we studied 58 patients (mean age 62 years, women 41%) with controlled acromegaly for a mean of 17.6 years. Radiographic progression of joint disease was defined by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) classification as a 1-point increase in joint space narrowing (JSN) or osteophyte scores on radiographs of the hands, knees, and hips obtained at the first study visit and after 2.6 years. Potential risk factors for progression were assessed. RESULTS: Progression of osteophytes and JSN was observed in 72% and 74% of patients, respectively. Higher age predisposed for osteophyte progression. Patients with biochemical control by somatostatin (SMS) analogs had more progression of osteophytosis than surgically cured patients (OR=18.9, p=0.025), independently of age, sex, BMI, baseline insulin-like growth factor-1
INCREASING SALINITY TOLERANCE OF EGGPLANT UNDER RAS SUDR CONDITIONS

The field experiment was carried out during the two summer successive seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the Experimental Station of Desert Research Center, at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Government, on White Balady eggplant to compare between the effect of saline irrigation water at levels of 3500 and 4500 ppm, with the effect of some compound applications (Algreen and Mega pour were applied as foliar spray in concentration of 2.5 cm 3 /h. and 0.75 cm 3 /L. respectively) also, they were added as soil addition at rate of 1.5L. and 0.8L. /Fed. respectively, after 3, 6 and 9 weeks from transplanting, while the Unisal was applied as soil addition before transplanting at rate of 4 L. /Fed. , as well as, control treatment compound. The obtained results indicated that level saline irrigation water at 3500 ppm level showed increment in growth characters when compared to 4500 ppm saline irrigation water level. The same trend was observed with yield and its components (total yield, number and weight of fruits/plant, average fruit weight, diameter and length). Also, N, P, K and chlorophyll values showed the same line of previous characters, while, Fe (in fruits), Na and Cl (in leaves) contents were increased with saline irrigation water at 4500 than 3500 ppm level. The application of the tested compounds enhanced plant growth, yield and its components, N, P, K and chlorophyll values in plant leaves than control treatment. On the other hand Na, Cl and Fe content were increased in plant leaves and Fe value in fruits were the highest in control treatment than compound treatments. The best growth characters, heaviest yield and the best characters of yield components, as well as the highest values of N, P, K and chlorophyll content and the lowest values of Fe (in fruits), Na and Cl content (in plant leaves) were recorded with saline irrigation water at level 3500 ppm and Algreen compound followed by Mega pour both applied as foliar spray.