Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Tool for the FACT-B (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast) Questionnaire for Measuring the Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Breast Cancer: Reliability Study

Background The most frequent malignant disease in women is breast cancer. In the metastatic setting, quality of life is the primary therapeutic goal, and systematic treatment has only a limited effect on survival rates; therefore, the concept of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and measurement of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are gaining more and more importance in the therapy setting of diseases such as breast cancer. One of the frequently used questionnaires for measuring the HRQoL in patients with breast cancer is the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B). Currently, paper-based surveys still predominate, as only a few reliable and validated electronic-based questionnaires are available. ePRO tools for the FACT-B questionnaire with proven reliability are missing so far. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the reliability of tablet-based measurement of FACT-B in the German language in adjuvant (curative) and metastatic breast cancer patients. Methods Paper- and tablet-based questionnaires were completed by a total of 106 female adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer patients. All patients were required to complete the electronically based (ePRO) and paper-based version of the FACT-B. A frequency analysis was performed to determine descriptive sociodemographic characteristics. Both dimensions of reliability (parallel forms reliability using Wilcoxon test and test of internal consistency using Spearman ρ) and agreement rates for single items, Kendall tau for each subscale, and total score were analyzed. Results High correlations were shown for both dimensions of reliability (parallel forms reliability and internal consistency) in the patients’ response behavior between paper-based and electronically based questionnaires. Regarding the reliability test of parallel forms, no significant differences were found in 35 of 37 single items, while significant correlations in the test for consistency were found in all 37 single items, in all 5 sum individual item subscale scores, as well as in total FACT-B score. Conclusions The ePRO version of the FACT-B questionnaire is reliable for patients with breast cancer in both adjuvant and metastatic settings, showing highly significant correlations with the paper-based version in almost all questions all subscales and the total score.
Activities of daily living in lower limb amputees with a bone-anchored prosthesis: a retrospective case series with 24 months’ follow-up

Background and purpose Little is known about the activities of daily living (ADL) of patients with a bone-anchored prosthesis (BAP). We aimed to objectively measure ADL without and with BAP during standard care of follow-up. Our secondary aim was to measure mobility and walking ability. Patients and methods Patients aged 18–99 years who underwent surgery for transfemoral or transtibial BAP between September 11, 2017, and February 11, 2021, were eligible for inclusion in this retrospective case series of patients with socket prosthesis. ADL was measured with a continuous recording activity monitor (hours [h]) before surgery, and at 6, 12, and 24 months with BAP. Mobility and walking ability were assessed by the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) (seconds [s]) and 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) (meters [m]), respectively. Results 48 of the 57 eligible patients provided informed consent and were included. Their age was 59 (1st quartile to 3rd quartile 51–63) years. Total daily activity before BAP was 1.6 h (0.82–2.1) and increased to 2.1 h (1.4–2.5) at 6, 2.0 h (1.5–2.7) at 12, and 2.7 h (2.0–3.3) at 24 months with BAP. Daily walking increased from 1.3 h (0.79–1.9) before BAP to 1.8 h (1.6–2.3) at 6, to 1.7 h (1.2–2.4) at 12, and 2.0 h (1.6–2.6) at 24 months. Median TUG decreased from 12 s (9.1–14) before BAP to 8.9 s (7.7–10) at 24 months. Mean 6MWT increased from 272 m (SD 92) before BAP to 348 m (SD 68) at 24 months. Conclusion Objective measurements on ADL positively changed in patients with BAP. This effect was also seen in mobility and walking ability at 24 months.
Parental effects alter the adaptive value of an adult behavioural trait

The parents' phenotype, or the environment they create for their young, can have long-lasting effects on their offspring, with profound evolutionary consequences. Yet, virtually no work has considered how such parental effects might change the adaptive value of behavioural traits expressed by offspring upon reaching adulthood. To address this problem, we combined experiments on burying beetles (Nicrophorus vespilloides) with theoretical modelling and focussed on one adult behavioural trait in particular: the supply of parental care. We manipulated the early-life environment and measured the fitness payoffs associated with the supply of parental care when larvae reached maturity. We found that (1) adults that received low levels of care as larvae were less successful at raising larger broods and suffered greater mortality as a result: they were low-quality parents. Furthermore, (2) high-quality males that raised offspring with low-quality females subsequently suffered greater mortality than brothers of equivalent quality, which reared larvae with higher quality females. Our analyses identify three general ways in which parental effects can change the adaptive value of an adult behavioural trait: by influencing the associated fitness benefits and costs; by consequently changing the evolutionary outcome of social interactions; and by modifying the evolutionarily stable expression of behavioural traits that are themselves parental effects. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.07340. 001
Studi Biologi Ikan Pari (Dasyatis sp) di TPI Tasik Agung Rembang

Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan terluas di dunia yang memiliki lebih dari 17,000 pulau, teridentifikasi ada 9,634 pulau yang belum memiliki nama. Negara ini beriklim tropis dan memiliki lima buah pulau besar yaitu Sumatra, Jawa, Kalimantan, Sulawesi dan Irian. Indonesia juga tercatat sebagai salah satu negara yang memanfaatkan sumber daya ikan bertulang rawan (hiu dan pari) terbesar di dunia. Ikan hiu dan pari yang tertangkap bisa sebagai hasil tangkap sampingan maupun sebagai tangkapan utama. Sampai saat ini informasi tentang biologi ikan pari di perairan Jawa dan wilayah lain yang diperoleh masih sedikit, sehingga hal ini menimbulkan kesulitan dalam pengelolaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biologi ikan pari dengan menghitung panjang berat dan mengetahui isi lambung ikan pari yang didaratkan di TPI Tasik Agung Rembang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian deskriptif, dimana pengambilan data dengan menggunakan sample survey method . Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan April – Mei 2013 di TPI Tasik Agung Rembang. Materi yang digunakan adalah 88 sampel Ikan Pari ( Dasyatis sp). Sampling Ikan Pari ( Dasyatis sp) dilakukan sebanyak 4 kali yaitu tanggal 13 April, 27 April, 11 Mei dan 25 Mei 2013. Analisis data berupa analisis hubungan panjang dan berat, analisis makanan dan mengetahui jenis makanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan ikan pari pada bulan April – Mei 2013 bersifat allometrik negatif yang memiliki nilai slope (b) sebesar 2,835. Komposisi isi lambung ikan pari didominasi dengan jenis makan udang yang lebih banyak, sedangkan jenis anak ikan lebih sedikit.
Regional distribution of ground temperature in the Chalk aquifer of London, UK

Abstract The distribution of subsurface temperature beneath London (with emphasis on the depth interval between 60 and 100 m below ground level) has been estimated from fluid temperature logs run in boreholes and water wells during the 1980s to the 2000s. Although the temperature distribution in the Lea Valley–New River area may have been disturbed as a result of artificial recharge–abstraction trials and operation, one can elsewhere identify a clear trend of increasing temperature from east (<11 °C) to SW (>15 °C). The observed pattern is speculatively explained by: (1) the thick Tertiary sequence and low transmissivity of the Chalk in the SW resulting in a temperature at depth compatible with that expected from conduction of the prevailing geothermal flux; (2) recharge of cooler water through Chalk–Basal Sands subcrop and down-dip towards abstraction centres in central London potentially modifying the geothermal gradient via advective processes.
Spatial patterns in zooplankton communities and stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in relation to oceanographic conditions in the sub-Arctic Pacific and western Arctic regions during the summer of 2008

CORINNE POMERLEAU1*, R. JOHN NELSON2, BRIAN P.V. HUNT3, AKASH R. SASTRI4,5 AND WILLIAM J. WILLIAMS1 1 INSTITUTE OF OCEAN SCIENCES, FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA, 9860 WEST SAANICH RD, SIDNEY, BC, CANADAV8L 4B2, UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA, 3800 FINNERTY RD, VICTORIA, BC, CANADAV8W 3N5, UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, 2329 W MALL, VANCOUVER, BC, CANADAV6T 1Z4, UNIVERSITE DU QUEBEC A MONTREAL, 405 SAINTE-CATHERINE EST, MONTREAL, QC, CANADA H2L 2C4 AND OCEAN NETWORKS CANADA, UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA, VICTORIA, BC, CANADAV8W 3N5
Photocatalytic Degradation of Single and Binary Mixture of Brilliant Green and Rhodamine B Dyes by Zinc Sulfide Quantum Dots

We present the preparation of octadecylamine-capped ZnS quantum dots from bis(morpholinyldithiocarbamato)Zn(II) complex. The complex was thermolyzed at 130 °C in octadecylamine at different times, to study the effect of reaction time on the morphological and photocatalytic properties of the ZnS quantum dots. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline phase of ZnS, while HRTEM images showed particle sizes of about 1–3 nm, and energy band gaps of 3.68 eV (ZnS–1), 3.87 eV (ZnS–2), and 4.16 eV (ZnS–3) were obtained from the Tauc plot for the ZnS nanoparticles. The as-prepared ZnS were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of brilliant green, rhodamine B, and binary dye consisting of a mixture of brilliant green-rhodamine B. The highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 94% was obtained from ZnS–3 with low photoluminescence intensity. The effect of catalytic dosage and pH of the dyes solution on the photocatalytic process shows that pH 8 is optimal for the degradation of brilliant green, while pH 6.5 is the best for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B. The degradation of the binary dyes followed the same trends. The effect of catalytic dosage shows that 1 mg mL−1 of the ZnS nano-photocatalyst is the optimum dosage for the degradation of organic dyes. Reusability studies show that the ZnS quantum dots can be reused five times without a significant reduction in degradation efficiency.
Genome-wide sequencing of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) provides insights into molecular basis of its polyphenol-rich characteristics

Abstract Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.), an important subtropical fruit in the family Sapindaceae, is grown in more than 10 countries. Longan is an edible drupe fruit and a source of traditional medicine with polyphenol-rich traits. Tree size, alternate bearing, and witches' broom disease still pose serious problems. To gain insights into the genomic basis of longan traits, a draft genome sequence was assembled. The draft genome (about 471.88 Mb) of a Chinese longan cultivar, “Honghezi,” was estimated to contain 31 007 genes and 261.88 Mb of repetitive sequences. No recent whole-genome-wide duplication event was detected in the genome. Whole-genome resequencing and analysis of 13 cultivated D. longan accessions revealed the extent of genetic diversity. Comparative transcriptome studies combined with genome-wide analysis revealed polyphenol-rich and pathogen resistance characteristics. Genes involved in secondary metabolism, especially those from significantly expanded (DHS, SDH, F3΄H, ANR, and UFGT) and contracted (PAL, CHS, and F3΄5΄H) gene families with tissue-specific expression, may be important contributors to the high accumulation levels of polyphenolic compounds observed in longan fruit. The high number of genes encoding nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) and leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase proteins, as well as the recent expansion and contraction of the NBS-LRR family, suggested a genomic basis for resistance to insects, fungus, and bacteria in this fruit tree. These data provide insights into the evolution and diversity of the longan genome. The comparative genomic and transcriptome analyses provided information about longan-specific traits, particularly genes involved in its polyphenol-rich and pathogen resistance characteristics.
Numeric Databases for Chemical Analysis

Databases for use with analytical chemistry instrumental techniques are surveyed, with attention to existing databases and collection efforts now underway, as well as needs for new data-bases. Collections of spectra for use in NMR, infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectroscopy are described. Using mass spectral databases as an example, a critique is presented of automated quality control procedures used to evaluate individual spectra in large collections; the kinds of problems which have been en-countered in using these procedures are discussed. Finally, a brief critical review is presented covering the application of computers to the identification of unknown compounds using spectral data-bases; again, algorithms used with mass spectrometry are taken as the example. Ongoing work at NIST with the NIST/EPA/MSDC Mass Spectral Database is concerned with many of these problems; recent developments are described.
Putting perception into action with inverse optimal control for continuous psychophysics

Psychophysical methods are a cornerstone of psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience where they have been used to quantify behavior and its neural correlates for a vast range of mental phenomena. Their power derives from the combination of controlled experiments and rigorous analysis through signal detection theory. Unfortunately, they require many tedious trials and preferably highly trained participants. A recently developed approach, continuous psychophysics, promises to transform the field by abandoning the rigid trial structure involving binary responses and replacing it with continuous behavioral adjustments to dynamic stimuli. However, what has precluded wide adoption of this approach is that current analysis methods do not account for the additional variability introduced by the motor component of the task and therefore recover perceptual thresholds that are larger compared to equivalent traditional psychophysical experiments. Here, we introduce a computational analysis framework for continuous psychophysics based on Bayesian inverse optimal control. We show via simulations and previously published data that this not only recovers the perceptual thresholds but additionally estimates subjects’ action variability, internal behavioral costs, and subjective beliefs about the experimental stimulus dynamics. Taken together, we provide further evidence for the importance of including acting uncertainties, subjective beliefs, and, crucially, the intrinsic costs of behavior, even in experiments seemingly only investigating perception.
Working conditions and health behavior as causes of educational inequalities in self-rated health: an inverse odds weighting approach

Objective: Using a novel mediation method that presents unbiased results even in the presence of exposure–mediator interactions, this study estimated the extent to which working conditions and health behaviors contribute to educational inequalities in self-rated health in the workforce. Methods: Respondents of the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in 16 countries were selected, aged 50–64 years, in paid employment at baseline and with information on education and self-rated health (N=15 028). Education, health behaviors [including body mass index (BMI)] and working conditions were measured at baseline and self-rated health at baseline and two-year follow-up. Causal mediation analysis with inverse odds weighting was used to estimate the total effect of education on self-rated health, decomposed into a natural direct effect (NDE) and natural indirect effect (NIE). Results: Lower educated workers were more likely to perceive their health as poor than higher educated workers [relative risk (RR) 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37–1.60]. They were also more likely to have unfavorable working conditions and unhealthy behaviors, except for alcohol consumption. When all working conditions were included, the remaining NDE was RR 1.30 (95% CI 1.15–1.44). When BMI and health behaviors were included, the remaining NDE was RR 1.40 (95% CI 1.27–1.54). Working conditions explained 38% and health behaviors and BMI explained 16% of educational inequalities in health. Including all mediators explained 64% of educational inequalities in self-rated health. Conclusions: Working conditions and health behaviors explain over half of the educational inequalities in self-rated health. To reduce health inequalities, improving working conditions seems to be more important than introducing health promotion programs in the workforce.
Properties of M components from currents measured at triggered lightning channel base

Channel base currents from triggered lightning were measured at the NASA Kennedy Space Center, Florida, during summer 1990 and at Fort McClellan, Alabama, during summer 1991. An analysis of the return stroke data and overall continuing current data has been published by Fisher et al. [1993]. Here an analysis is given of the impulsive processes, called M components, that occur during the continuing current following return strokes. The 14 flashes analyzed contain 37 leader-return stroke sequences and 158 M components, both processes lowering negative charge from cloud to ground. Statistics are presented for the following M current pulse parameters: magnitude, rise time, duration, half-peak width, preceding continuing current level, M interval, elapsed time since the return stroke, and charge transferred by the M current pulse. A typical M component in triggered lightning is characterized by a more or less symmetrical current pulse having an amplitude of 100–200 A (2 orders of magnitude lower than that for a typical return stroke [Fisher et al., 1993]), a 10–90% rise time of 300–500 μs (3 orders of magnitude larger than that for a typical return stroke [Fisher et al., 1993]), and a charge transfer to ground of the order of 0.1 to 0.2 C (1 order of magnitude smaller than that for a typical subsequent return stroke pulse [Berger et al., 1975]). About one third of M components transferred charge greater than the minimum charge reported by Berger et al. [1975] for subsequent leader-return stroke sequences. No correlation was found between either the M charge or the magnitude of the M component current (the two are moderately correlated) and any other parameter considered. M current pulses occurring soon after the return stroke tend to have shorter rise times, shorter durations, and shorter M intervals than those which occur later. M current pulses were observed to be superimposed on continuing currents greater than 30 A or so, with one exception out of 140 cases, wherein the continuing current level was measured to be about 20 A. The first M component virtually always (one exception out of 34 cases) occurred within 4 ms of the return stroke. This relatively short separation time between return stroke and the first M component, coupled with the observation of Fisher et al. [1993] that continuing currents lasting longer than 10 ms never occur without M current pulses, implies that the M component is a necessary feature of the continuing current mode of charge transfer to ground.
Impact of sea ice

Sea ice extent is a very variable indicator of Arctic changes. Year-to-year variability in the record of satellite observations is high compared to the long term trend. During the period of satellite observations, the year with the largest minimum ice extent was as recent as 1996. Sea ice extent increased from the 1995 value by almost 2 million km, an area that rivals the record reduction from the summer of 2006 to the summer of 2007. The increase in 1996 was due to a persistent low pressure anomaly over the central Arctic Ocean in July and August. Sea ice motion was out of the low pressure anomaly and sea ice stored in the central Arctic Ocean was distributed over the whole Arctic Ocean (Haas and Eicken, 2001). On the other hand, the dramatic decline in 2007 was at least in part forced by a persistent SLP distribution with a high pressure center over northern Canada and a low pressure center over Siberia. This pressure distribution was responsible for a large atmospheric heat transport from the North Pacific into the Arctic. It might also have triggered an increased flow of warm Pacific near surface waters into the Chukchi Sea and further over the Chukchi Cap and into the Beaufort Sea. Furthermore, the meridional winds from the Pacific to the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean contributed to sea ice drift from the eastern into the western Arctic.
Estimating the thickness of the free gas zone beneath Hydrate Ridge, Oregon continental margin, from seismic velocities and attenuation

Recent Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) results in the Oregon accretionary prism and on the Blake Ridge indicate that the zone containing free gas beneath the hydrate-bearing near-surface sediments is considerably thicker than previously thought. In this paper, we present results from travel time inversion of refracted seismic waves that show very low ( 100 in the “normal” accretionary complex sediments west of Hydrate Ridge. These results suggest that refraction seismic techniques are a powerful way to constrain the depth to which free gas is present in sediments beneath the hydrate stability zone. Defining the extent of the free gas zone is an important factor for estimating the total volume of gas present and for evaluating its impact on slope stability and potential contribution to global climate change.
Neonatal and Long-Term Consequences of Fetal Growth Restriction

Background: Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) is one of the most common noxious ante-natal conditions in humans, inducing a substantial proportion of preterm delivery and leading to a si-gnificant increase in perinatal mortality, neurological handicaps and chronic diseases in adulthood. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the postnatal consequences of FGR, with a par-ticular emphasis on the long-term consequences on respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological struc-tures and functions. Result and Conclusion: FGR represents a global health challenge, and efforts are urgently needed to improve our understanding of the critical factors leading to FGR and subsequent insults to the deve-loping organs.