Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Institutional Trust and Cognitive Motivation toward Water Conservation in the Face of an Environmental Disaster

The agricultural sector in general, and in Iran in particular, is a major consumer of water and now finds itself under significant pressure due to water deficiency. This study used the Protection Motivation Theory to detect reasons for the imprudent consumption of water in Iran and to further its conservation. The Theory was extended for particular application to a seriously affected water basin, the Urmia Lake Basin in Northwest Iran. The factors governing water-saving intention among farmers in the Basin were investigated. Three hundred farmers were selected through a multi-stage, clustered, random sampling method. The results of structural equation modeling illustrated that while the original model variables accounted for 58% of the variance in water-saving intention, this rate increased to 63% in the extended model when institutional trust was used as a variable. Whereas response efficacy showed itself to be the strongest determinant of water-saving intention, all factors except perceived severity were significant in both models. Furthermore, the results of a multi-group analysis revealed that the intention to adopt water conservation measures is commensurate with the distance from the water resource and proximity to the (drying) lake. The findings of the study are expected to provide important information for policymakers looking to tailor policies to work in extreme water deficiency cases like the Urmia Lake Basin.
Optical gain in InAs/InGaAs quantum-dot structures : Experiments and theoretical model

The dependence of the mode optical gain on current in InAs/InGaAs quantum-dot structures grown by the method of molecular-beam epitaxy is obtained from the experimental study of ultra-low-threshold laser diodes. The record lowest inversion threshold at room temperature was about 13 A cm-2. A theoretical model is proposed that relates the optical gain to the ground-state transitions in quantum dots. The effective gain cross section is estimated to be ~7 × 10-15 cm-2.
Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Essential Oil from Leaves and Fruits of Limoncillo (Siparuna muricata (Ruiz & Pav.) A. DC.)

Siparuna muricata is an aromatic native shrub or tree from Ecuador known as “limoncillo” or “limón de la sierra” due to its citrus odor. In this study, the chemical composition and biological activity of essential oil from the leaves and fruits of this species was determined. The essential oil was isolated by subjected to hydrodistillation. The chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The enantiomeric distribution was determined by gas chromatography using an enantioselective column. The antimicrobial activity against three Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria and two fungi was determined by the broth microdilution method. The antioxidant activity was analyzed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydryl free radical and 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical cation scavenging activity of essential oil. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect of the essential oil was measured using a spectrophotometric method. The yield was 1.2 ± 0.1 mL/kg for leaves and 1.8 ± 0.2 mL/kg for fruits. A total of 51 compounds were identified in the leaves of the essential oil and 41 in the fruits. In both cases, the chemical compositions were dominated by the group of monoterpene hydrocarbons compounds. The main compound was α-pinene with 23.22 ± 1.03% in essential oil of the leaves and limonene with 24.92 ± 1.20% in the fruits. In both essential oils, five pairs of enantiomers with different enantiomeric excesses were identified. The essential oil of limoncillo leaves presented a strong activity against the fungus Aspergillus niger (ATTC 10231) and Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus faecium (ATCC 27270) with a MIC of 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, respectively. The essential oil from fruits and leaves of Siparuna muricata presented a moderate antioxidant activity with the ABTS method with a SC50 of 775.3 ± 1.3 µg/mL and 963.3 ± 1.6 µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, the leaves essential oil reported an IC50 value of 52.98 ± 1.04 µg/mL and the fruits essential oil an IC50 value of 98.84 ± 1.04 µg/mL, which can be considered a very strong anticholinesterase activity.
How Many Magic Squares are There?

Only the crustiest of curmudgeons doesn't love magic squares. And even these sour souls know some folklore about magic squares. But how many of us know how many magic squares there are? In [3] Liang-shin Hahn posed the question: How many 4 X 4 multiplicative magic squares are there that consist of the 16 divisors of 1995. In this brief note we answer Hahn's question by establishing a natural bijection between a class of multiplicative magic squares and a class of additive magic squares (cf. [l]). A multiplicative (respectively, additive) magic square is an n X n matrix of integers in which the product (respectively, sum) of the numbers in each row, in each column and in each diagonal is the same. An additive magic square of order n is an n X n additive magic square whose entries consist of the numbers 0, 1, . , n 1. It is easy to show that the sum of the numbers in each row, in each column and in each diagonal of an additive magic square of order n is equal to (nj2Xn 1). Much is known about additive magic squares [2], while surprisingly little has been written about multiplicative magic squares. We offer the present paper as a modest remedy to this situation. Let c be the product of n distinct prime numbers. Thus, c has 2" factors. For example, 1995 is the product of four primes: 3, 5, 7, 19, and has sixteen factors: 1, 3, 5, 7, 15, 19, 21, 35, 57, 95, 105, 133,285,399,665, 1995. If n is even, let Me n be the set of all 2" 1 X 2" 1 multiplicative magic squares each of whose entries c~nsists of the 2" factors of c. Let A 11 be the set of all additive magic squares of order n. The following facts are easy to establish:
Regional climate projections for the State of São Paulo, Brazil, in the 2020 - 2050 period

The objective of this article is to present climate projections for the 2020–2050 period for several climate variables for the State of São Paulo, considering two scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. These projections were based on four climate models (HadGEM2-ES, MIROC5, CanESM2, and BESM) with downscaling of 20 km improved by the CPTEC/INPE Eta Regional Climate Model. Nine variables related to air temperature and rainfall were selected, and the deviation between the observed period (1961–1990) and the projected period (2020–2050) was calculated for the two RCP scenarios for each model and selected variable. Then, the highest and lowest values of the deviations were selected, which represent the maximum and minimum deviations projected for each cell. With this, we obtained the widest range between the possible trends of the four models compared for each variable analyzed in the state of São Paulo. The models used for the two RCP scenarios show the warming of the atmosphere, which tends to be less intense on the shoreline due to the control exerted by the ocean, and greater in the northwest region of the state, furthest from the Atlantic. A reduction in the Cold Spell Duration Index (CSDI) and an increase in the Warm Spell Duration Index (WSDI) is projected, with these trends increasing from south to north of the state. Considering the precipitation, no consensus between the trends of the models used in this study was found, with projections of both increase and decrease in annual total variables and in related extreme indices. Among the different projected trends, the reduction in precipitation is the worst scenario to be faced, given the essential aspect of water. The indicators related to intense precipitation (R95p and RX5day) showed a wide range between the maximum and minimum values projected in the analyzed scenarios, and the increase of these indicators deserves particular attention, since the increase in intense precipitation is a potential trigger of disasters, such as landslides, floods, and accelerated erosion. The results, given their relevance, were applied to the Ecological-Economic Zoning (ZEE) of the State of São Paulo, a technical and political planning instrument that establishes guidelines for land use and management, considering the environmental characteristics and socioeconomic dynamics of different regions of the state.
Two-degree-of-freedom Controllers for Double Integrating Systems with Time Delay and Unstable First Order plus Time Delay Systems with an Integrator

Abstract In this paper, design of two-degree-of-freedom Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller for Double Integrator with Time Delay systems and Unstable First Order plus Time Delay systems with an Integrator is proposed. The robustness of the proposed controller for uncertainty in model parameters is evaluated considering one parameter at a time using Kharitonov's theorem. The stability region for all model parameters is evaluated for the proposed controller and compared with the controllers designed by recently reported methods. The proposed controller is applied to various transfer function models and the performance comparison of the proposed controller is made with the PID controllers designed by recently reported methods to show the efficiency of the proposed controllers.
Understanding Consumers’ Acceptance Intention to Use Mobile Food Delivery Applications through an Extended Technology Acceptance Model

The rapid growth of the domestic food delivery market has led to intense market competition as the use of delivery applications has grown quickly. This study explored the variables of personal innovativeness, trust, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and intention to use such applications by testing the extended technology acceptance model (ETAM). By using Google Forms, data were collected from 10 May 2022 for a period of two weeks from Koreans who have experience using mobile food delivery applications. A total of 296 responses were used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that personal innovativeness had a positive effect on perceived ease of use. Trust was found to positively affect perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. The variables perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness significantly influenced intention to use food delivery applications. This current research study provides practical implications by suggesting that ease of use with food delivery applications deserves further consideration. It was shown to be a key factor in increasing the intention to use such applications and can help to influence the creation of strategies to enhance continuous usage.
Spatial Coherence in the Wake of a Flat Plate

Spatial coherence of the streamwise velocity fluctuation was measured in the wake of a flat plate in a wind tunnel. The measurements were made in the context of determining the role of wavenumber resonance in quadratic interactions among resonant frequency modes. Frequency domain results show that sum-interaction modes targeted by coupled mode pairs are spatially coherent. This suggests that spatial coherence measurements can be combined with bispectral measurements to determine mode energy transit and direction.
Ferromagnetic multifilamentary Fe and Ni wires with high coercive fields produced by powder metallurgy processing

Powder metallurgy processed multifilamentary Cu‐Fe, Cu‐Ni, and Nb‐Ni ferromagnetic composite wires were fabricated with a relatively high coercive field Hc at room temperature. Compacts of Cu‐36 wt. % Fe, Cu‐36 wt. % Ni, and Nb‐36 wt. % Ni powders were reduced in cross section to produce ferromagnetic multifilamentary materials. Nominal areal reduction ratios of 108 for Cu‐36 wt. % Fe and 104 for Nb‐36 wt. % Ni and Cu‐36 wt. % Ni resulted in values of Hc ∼195 Oe, 94 Oe, and 77 Oe, respectively. A final 300 °C anneal of the Cu‐36 wt. % Fe composite gave Hc ∼460 Oe. The average ferromagnetic fiber diameters are estimated to be 100–1000 A for the Fe fibers and are about 1 μm for the Ni fibers.
Feasibility of Using Wearables for Home Monitoring during Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer—Results from the OncoWatch 1.0 Study

Simple Summary Wearables such as consumer smartwatches allow the home monitoring of, e.g., heart rate and physical activity, which may play a role in the clinical care of patients with cancer. Patients with head and neck cancer often experience side effects when they receive curatively intended radiotherapy and optimization of symptom monitoring is wanted. In general, the research on wearables for clinical care and symptom monitoring is limited but evolving. Prior studies have primarily used wrist-worn activity trackers and not the more advanced smartwatches. In the OncoWatch 1.0 study, we investigated the feasibility of using a smartwatch for monitoring heart rate and physical activity. Although adherence to using the smartwatch was lower than expected, we successfully established and tested a secure data setup and identified key elements to be considered in future studies. Abstract Background: Consumer wearables allow objective health data monitoring, e.g., of physical activity and heart rate, which might change over a cancer treatment course. Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) receiving radiotherapy (RT) with curative intent typically experience side effects such as pain, decreased appetite, and dehydration, which may lead to hospitalizations. Therefore, health data monitoring could be important to understand a patient’s condition outside the hospital. The OncoWatch 1.0 study investigated the feasibility of using smartwatches for patients with HNC receiving RT. Methods: This study was a prospective, single-cohort feasibility study. The inclusion criteria were patients ≥ 18 years of age who planned to receive curatively intended radiotherapy for HNC. Consenting patients were asked to wear a smartwatch during RT and until two weeks after the end of RT. The primary endpoint was adherence. The secondary endpoints were data acquisition and variations in heart rate and physical activity. Results: Ten patients were included, with a median age of 62 years and eight males. The adherence rate for wearing the watch >12 h/d over the study period was 31%. The data acquisition rate was 61%. Conclusions: Although the primary endpoint was not reached, new knowledge has been established, including the secure data setup and key points that need to be addressed in future studies.
Intrinsic Therapeutic Link between Recuperative Cerebellar Con-Nectivity and Psychiatry Symptom in Schizophrenia Patients with Comorbidity of Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract Components of metabolic syndrome might be predictors of the therapeutic outcome of psychiatric symptom in schizophrenia, whereas clinical results are inconsistent and an intrinsic therapeutic link between weaker psychiatric symptoms and emergent metabolic syndrome remains unclear. This study aims to reveal the relationship and illustrate potential mechanism by exploring the alteration of cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) in schizophrenia patients with comorbidity metabolic syndrome. Thirty-six schizophrenia patients with comorbidity of metabolic syndrome (SCZ-MetS), 45 schizophrenia patients without metabolic syndrome (SCZ-nMetS) and 39 healthy controls (HC) were recruited in this study. We constructed FC map of cerebello-cortical circuit and used moderation effect analysis to reveal complicated relationship among FC, psychiatric symptom and metabolic disturbance. Components of metabolic syndrome were significantly correlated with positive symptom score and negative symptom score. Importantly, the dysconnectivity between cognitive module of cerebellum and left middle frontal gyrus in SCZ-nMetS was recuperative increased in SCZ-MetS, and was significantly correlated with general symptom score. Finally, we observed significant moderation effect of body mass index on this correlation. The present findings further supported the potential relationship between emergence of metabolic syndrome and weaker psychiatric symptom, and provided neuroimaging evidence. The mechanism of intrinsic therapeutic link involved functional change of cerebello-cortical circuit.
On the Heat Equation with Nonlinear and Nonlocal Boundary Conditions

Abstract This paper deals with some theoretical results concerning a heat equation with certain nonlinear and nonlocal boundary conditions. An equivalent system of nonlinear Volterra integral equations is set up and the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the original problem are demonstrated on [0, ∞) through the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the Volterra integral equation system. In addition, the asymptotic behavior of the solution as t → 0 and t → ∞ is obtained and other properties of the solution, e.g., monotonicity, are investigated.
Effect of Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Exposure on Vitreous Metabolites-Rodent Study

The exposure to blue and white Light emitting diodes (LED) light leads to damage in the visual system with short-term LED light exposure. Chronic exposure, adaptive responses to light, and self-protective mechanisms against LED light exposures need to be explored, and it would be essential to understand the repercussions of LED radiation on vitreous metabolites. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were used in this study, divided into four groups (n = 6 in each group). Three experimental groups of rats were exposed to either blue, white, or yellow LED light for 90 days (12:12 light-dark cycle routine) with uniform illumination (450–500 lux). Standard lab settings were used to maintain control rats. Vitreous fluids were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). PLS-DA analysis indicated significant the separation of m metabolites among groups, suggesting that LED exposure induces metabolic reprogramming in the vitreous. Amino acids and their modifications showed significant alterations among groups which included D-alanine, D-serine (p < 0.05), lysine (p < 0.001), aspartate (p = 0.0068), glutathione (p = 0.0263), taurine (p = 0.007), and hypotaurine. In chronic light exposure, the self-protective or reworking system could be depleted, which may decrease the ability to compensate for the defending mechanism. This might fail to maintain the metabolomic structural integrity of the vitreous metabolites.
On a coefficient problem for bi-univalent functions

The function f(z) will be called bi-univalent if both f(z) and f-'(z) are univalent in I zI < 1; f(z) will be said to belong to oiff (i) f(z) CS and (ii) there exists a function g(z) ES such that f(g(z)) =g(f(z)) = z in some neighborhood of the origin. Z. Nehari remarked1 that if 4(Z) =4lz+02z2+ . and i,V(z) lZ +V/2Z2 + * *, with 41, =41, are two functions mapping the open unit circle onto a schlicht domain containing the open unit circle, then the function
Underestimation of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania infantum in an Endemic Area of the Mediterranean Basin (Balearic Islands)

Leishmaniasis is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. In the Mediterranean basin, leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania infantum and transmitted by bites of sandflies of the genus Phlebotomus, with the dog as the main reservoir host. The most common form is cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), although visceral cases also occur. The aim of this study was to assess the underestimation of CL in an endemic Mediterranean region. Thus, a retrospective study was performed on all CL cases diagnosed and treated in the Dermatology Service of Manacor Hospital (Majorca, Balearic Islands), and the data obtained were compared with those of local government epidemiological bulletins for the same period. The different clinical presentations were compiled, and data related to sex, age, and lesion type and number were analyzed. The results reveal a clear sub-notification, which indicates that the real incidence of human CL in this area is unknown.
Virtual Reality in the Rehabilitation of Cognitive Impairment after Stroke

Virtual reality (VR) is seen by some as a tool that may greatly improve, or even revolutionize cognitive rehabilitation. VR offers distinct advantages compared to classic rehabilitation using paper-and-pencil or computer-based training, such as immersion, the feeling of presence, embodiment of virtual players, ecological and multisensory stimulation. We here review recent clinical studies examining the effects of VR training in patients with stroke-induced cognitive deficits. Several trials reported evidence that VR training improves general cognition compared to standard cognitive training. However, the evidence remains controversial, as some of these studies had a high risk of bias. Regarding mood, there is some indication that immersive training improves depression scores in stroke patients, but the number of studies examining mood changes is very low. Finally, in the domain of spatial cognition the development of specific intervention techniques such as virtual prism adaptation provide avenues for clinical interventions, though well-controlled clinical trials are lacking. Together, the available evidence suggests that VR has the potential to improve rehabilitation particularly in domains requiring repetitive training in an immersed, ecological setting, or when a mismatch between body frames and the environment is created. Controlled clinical studies are required to examine the specific advantages of VR compared to classic interventions.
Association of Advanced Lipoprotein Subpopulation Profiles with Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Plasma lipoproteins exist as several subpopulations with distinct particle number and size that are not fully reflected in the conventional lipid panel. In this study, we sought to quantify lipoprotein subpopulations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to determine whether specific lipoprotein subpopulations are associated with insulin resistance and inflammation markers. The study included 57 patients with T2DM (age, 61.14 ± 9.99 years; HbA1c, 8.66 ± 1.60%; mean body mass index, 35.15 ± 6.65 kg/m2). Plasma lipoprotein particles number and size were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Associations of different lipoprotein subpopulations with lipoprotein insulin resistance (LPIR) score and glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA) were assessed using multi-regression analysis. In stepwise regression analysis, VLDL and HDL large particle number and size showed the strongest associations with LPIR (R2 = 0.960; p = 0.0001), whereas the concentrations of the small VLDL and HDL particles were associated with GlycA (R2 = 0.190; p = 0.008 and p = 0.049, respectively). In adjusted multi-regression analysis, small and large VLDL particles and all sizes of lipoproteins independently predicted LPIR, whereas only the number of small LDL particles predicted GlycA. Conventional markers HbA1c and Hs-CRP did not exhibit any significant association with lipoprotein subpopulations. Our data suggest that monitoring insulin resistance-induced changes in lipoprotein subpopulations in T2DM might help to identify novel biomarkers that can be useful for effective clinical intervention.