Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PATTERN OF OUT OF POCKET HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURE AND PREVALENCE OF CATASTROPHIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE IN PATIENTS ATTENDING A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN CHENNAI

Out of pocket payments (OOPs) act as a boundary to healthcare access. People fall into financial catastrophe and impoverishment due to large Out Of Pocket Payments incurred during the period of hospitalization and the consequent productivity loss. The aim of this study is to assess the pattern of out of pocket expenditure and to determine the prevalence of catastrophic healthcare in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. The current study is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among the patients of Saveetha Medical College and Hospital. 277 patients were chosen through convenient sampling. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection and the collected data was compiled and analyzed in MS Excel. While various factors such as transportation fee, laboratory fee, consultation fee, etc., have been found to determine OOPs pharmaceutical products make up most of the expenses.The prevalence of catastrophic healthcare expenditure was estimated as 37.9%. Statistically significant association between Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditure and age (p<0.001), marital status (p<0.001), occupation (p=0.001), duration of hospitalization (p<0.001), socioeconomic status (p<0.001) and financial burden due to loss of wages (p<0.001) and hospital visits in a month (p<0.001) was found. The Health financing systems should adopt prepayment mechanisms in order to reduce the out of payments and the subsequent financial catastrophe and impoverishment.
Multi-Label Chest X-Ray Image Classification via Semantic Similarity Graph Embedding

Automated multi-label chest X-ray (CXR) image classification has recently made significant progress in clinical diagnosis based on the advanced deep learning techniques. However, most existing methods mainly focus on analyzing locality visual cues from a single image but fail to leverage the underlying explicit correlations among different images for precise disease diagnosis. By contrast, an experienced radiologist expertizes in transferring knowledge from previous tasks to diagnose the present radiograph. To enable the machine like a radiologist, this paper proposes a novel Semantic Similarity Graph Embedding (SSGE) framework, which explicitly explores the semantic similarities among images to optimize the visual feature embedding for improving the performance of multi-label CXR images classification. Specifically, the proposed SSGE framework contains three main components: the image feature embedding (IFE) module, similarity graph construction (SGC) module, and semantic similarity learning (SSL) module. To realize interactive teaching and learning between visual and semantic information, the proposed SSGE framework is built on the “Teacher-Student” (semantic-visual) learning mechanism. With the guidance and supervision of the cross-image similarity graph generated by the SGC module, the SSL module leverages Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to adaptively recalibrate the multi-image feature representations extracted from the IFE module, which guarantees their semantic consistency. Furthermore, we propose a novel re-weighting strategy to learn a more optimal semantic-similarity graph for the information propagation of the GCN layers. Extensive experiments on two benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with some state-of-the-art baselines.
A New Assisted History Matching Approach for Complex Reservoirs

This article describes the integration of mathematical models (Simplex and steepest descent algorithm) with global modification (through deeply geological studies) to increase the efficiency of history matching. This method can take full advantage of the gradient-based method (fast rate of convergence) and guarantee of finding a global minimum for inverse problems. The above method is applied to the Lower Miocene reservoir at White Tiger field, a highly heterogeneous reservoir, which has been producing under a naturally edge-water mechanism. A model that covers the upper formation of White Tiger field with 27 production wells and 8 injection wells is conditioned to 23 years of production history. The new assisted history matching approach provides an excellent match between simulation results and production data.
A NEW SOYBEAN NDVI DATA-BASED PARTITIONING ALGORITHM FOR FERTILIZATION MANAGEMENT ZONING

With the broad application of management zoning, various partitioning algorithms are used for this purpose. The K-means algorithm is the most widely used method with the best performance. We proposed a model-based partitioning algorithm based on the K-means algorithm that does not need to process all the data in each computational iteration and thus is able to improve the management zoning speed. We constructed a calculation model for management zone partitioning using 2000 normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values. This model was then used to partition the next 2000 points of NDVI data acquired, and the model was updated after each 2000 NDVI values until the management zoning computation was completed for the entire field. Based on both internal evaluation indicators (the sum of squared errors (SSE) and silhouette coefficient (SC)) and external evaluation indicators (the Rand index (RI) and homogeneity), we compared the clustering performance of the two algorithms in management zone partitioning and found that when the amount of NDVI data reaches 8000 values, the proposed method achieves a management zone partition result similar to that of the conventional K-means algorithm but is faster. This advantage becomes increasingly profound as the data volume
Evaluation of 4‐(Dimethylsilyl) Butyl Ferrocene Grafted HTPB as a Burning Rate Modifier in Composite Propellant Formulation using Bicurative System

High burning rate composite propellants are achieved by incorporation of fine particles of oxidizer, transition metal oxides, and liquid ballistic modifiers. However, they pose processing problems, inertness to the composition and migration related issues. To overcome such problems, an attempt was made to incorporate ferrocenyl grafted HTPB as a burning rate modifier by partly replacing HTPB from 10 % to 50 % using TDI/ IPDI bicurative system and to study their processability in terms of viscosity, mechanical, thermal, sensitivity, and ballistic properties. The data on viscosity reveal that there is a marginal enhancement in end of mix viscosity as percentage of ferrocenyl grafted HTPB increases. The mechanical data reveal that tensile strength and elastic modulus increases, whereas percentage elongation decreases compared to base composition. The results on thermal properties infer that, as the percentage of ferrocenyl grafted HTPB increases, onset decomposition temperature decreases. The impact and friction sensitivity data also envisage that sensitivity increases in comparison to base composition. The data on ballistic properties revealed that there is ca. 53 % increase in burning rate, while decrease in “n” value from 0.39 to 0.2 was obtained compared to base composition.
Linker Functionalization in MIL-47(V)-R Metal–Organic Frameworks: Understanding the Electronic Structure

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained much interest due to their intrinsic tunable nature. In this work, we study how linker functionalization modifies the electronic structure of the host MOF, more specifically, the MIL-47(V)-R (R = −F, −Cl, −Br, −OH, −CH3, −CF3, and −OCH3). It is shown that the presence of a functional group leads to a splitting of the π orbital on the linker. Moreover, the upward shift of the split-off π-band correlates well with the electron-withdrawing/donating nature of the functional groups. For halide functional groups the presence of lone-pair back-donation is corroborated by calculated Hirshfeld-I charges. In the case of the ferromagnetic configuration of the host MIL-47(V+IV) material a half-metal to insulator transition is noted for the −Br, −OCH3, and −OH functional groups, while for the antiferromagnetic configuration only the hydroxy group results in an effective reduction of the band gap.
Clinico-Histological Features of Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Renal Biopsies: A Retrospective Study

Objective: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is often first detected on a renal biopsy performed for renal manifestations. Apart from hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, there are various secondary conditions associated with TMA. This study analyzes the clinico-pathological spectrum, etiological factors and renal outcome of TMA diagnosed on renal biopsy. Material and Method: A retrospective evaluation of renal biopsies for TMA over 5.5 years was performed. Clinical and laboratory data was collected from patient records. Results: A total of 40 biopsies from 39 patients showed TMA comprising 33 native and 7 transplant biopsies. Malignant hypertension (n=13) was the most common etiology in native biopsies followed by postpartum TMA (n=7), atypical HUS (aHUS) (n=7), and lupus nephritis (n=6). TMA in transplant biopsies was due to acute rejection (n=4) and CNI toxicity (n=3). Serum creatinine was high in most patients (mean 5.6 + 2.5 mg/dl). aHUS showed the highest mean LDH levels and the lowest average platelet counts. Renal biopsies in malignant hypertension and postpartum TMA showed isolated arterial changes while aHUS and lupus nephritis showed both glomerular and arterial involvement. Postpartum TMA and aHUS had poor renal outcome requiring renal replacement therapy. Conclusion: Most postpartum TMA and aHUS had systemic features of TMA while malignant hypertension and lupus nephritis showed ‘isolated renal TMA’. This emphasizes the importance of careful evaluation of renal biopsies even in the absence of systemic features of TMA.
Impact of oil prices on profitability and investment activity of oil companies from central and eastern europe

In this text, we analyze the profitability and investments trends of oil companies from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE1)over the period 2008-2019. Based on descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, and panel data analysis, we show that: (1) CEE oil companies increased profitability in the period 2008-2019; (2) in the second sub-period (2015-2019), when the oil price was lower, ROACE of CEE oil companies exceeded ROACE of global major oil and gas companies; (3) in the second sub-period investment activity continued to be relatively high; and (4) oil price had less influenceon profitability and investment activities of CEE oil companies in comparison to oil majors. It is also showed that the upstream segment is less important for CEE oil companies than for major oil companies and the contribution of upstream segment to profitability of the companies was reduced during the period of lower oil prices.
A First Evaluation of a Multi-Modal Learning System to Control Surgical Assistant Robots via Action Segmentation

The next stage for robotics development is to introduce autonomy and cooperation with human agents in tasks that require high levels of precision and/or that exert considerable physical strain. To guarantee the highest possible safety standards, the best approach is to devise a deterministic automaton that performs identically for each operation. Clearly, such approach inevitably fails to adapt itself to changing environments or different human companions. In a surgical scenario, the highest variability happens for the timing of different actions performed within the same phases. This paper presents a cognitive control architecture that uses a multi-modal neural network trained on a cooperative task performed by human surgeons and produces an action segmentation that provides the required timing for actions while maintaining full phase execution control via a deterministic Supervisory Controller and full execution safety by a velocity-constrained Model-Predictive Controller.
Estimation of Genetic Variability and Character Association for Yield Characters in Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)

Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper, 2n=22) is an important self-pollinated and short duration legume crop belonging to the family Leguminosae and sub-family Papilionaceae. India is the center of origin of black gram (Mehra et al., 2016). It is popularly known as “urd bean and mash” is an important short duration and self pollinated Kharif legume crop and is an important part of Indian diet. It is rich source of protein (25-28%), carbohydrates (62-65%), fiber(3.54.5%), ash (4.5-5.5%), oil (0.51.5%), amino acids like lysine, vitamins like thiamine, niacin, riboflavin and much needed iron and phosphorus (Sohel et al., 2016). Black gram was sown over an area of 50.31 lakh/ha and recorded a production of 32.84 lakh tonnes and yield level of 653 kg/ha in India. Where International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 02 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Effect of Infertility Clinic Nurse Communication Skills Training on Women Satisfaction

Background: Effective communications skills are necessary in each area of life, but of particular importance in the field of nursing. Communication is the process of transmitting thoughts, feelings, and facts It is an essential element of the nurse-patient relationship. Nurses are core in strengthening the health system through effective communication with women which affects their level satisfaction. Aim: to evaluate the effect of infertility clinic nurse communication skills training on women satisfaction. Methods: Research Design: quasi experimental design (pre-post training). Setting: Private infertility center (Elbasma center). Sample: A purposive sample of all nurses working in the previously mentioned center; 20 nurses evaluated by 200 women were recruited for the study. Instruments: Four instruments were used for data collection a) Two interviewing questionnaires b) Communication skills assessment instrument c) Satisfaction assessment instrument. Results: This study revealed that there was a high significant difference at nurses communication skills and women satisfaction scores pre and post the training program. Conclusion: Communication skills training program had high significant effect on improving total communication skills of nurses and women satisfaction scores. Recommendations: On- going education for infertility clinic nurses regarding communication skills and its positive effect on women satisfaction and replication of the study with large sample size to further settings.
Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 3 (TGFBR3)–Associated Membranous Nephropathy

Visual Abstract Abstract Key Points TGF-β receptor 3 (TGFBR3) staining identifies a novel type of membranous nephropathy (MN). TGFBR3-associated MN is enriched in patients with membranous lupus nephritis with similar characteristics as exostosin 1/2- and neural cell adhesion molecule 1–associated MN. Identification of TGFBR3-associated MN should alert the clinician to evaluate for underlying autoimmune disease. Background Membranous lupus nephritis (MLN) comprises 10%–15% of lupus nephritis and increases morbidity and mortality of patients with SLE through complications of nephrotic syndrome and chronic kidney failure. Identification of the target antigens in MLN may enable noninvasive monitoring of disease activity, inform treatment decisions, and aid in prognostication, as is now possible for idiopathic MN caused by antibodies against the phospholipase A2 receptor. Here, we show evidence for type III TGF-β receptor (TGFBR3) as a novel biomarker expressed in a subset of patients with MLN. Methods Mass spectrometry was used for protein discovery through enrichment of glomerular proteins by laser capture microdissection and through elution of immune complexes within MLN biopsy specimens. Colocalization with IgG within glomerular immune deposits from patients and disease controls was evaluated by confocal microscopy. Immunostaining of consecutive case series was used to determine the overall frequency in MN and MLN. Results TGFBR3 was found to be enriched in glomeruli and coimmunoprecipitated with IgG within a subset of MLN biopsy specimens by mass spectrometry. Staining of consecutive MN cases without clinical evidence of SLE did not show TGFBR3 expression (zero of 104), but showed a 6% prevalence in MLN (11 of 199 cases). TGFBR3 colocalized with IgG along the glomerular basement membranes in TGFBR3-associated MN, but not in controls. Conclusions Positive staining for TGFBR3 within glomerular immune deposits represents a distinct form of MN, substantially enriched in MLN. A diagnosis of TGFBR3-associated MN can alert the clinician to search for an underlying autoimmune disease.
Effect of Hormonal Treatment and Mulching on Fruit Drop and Quality in Mango

An experiment was laid out to assess the effect of hormonal treatment and mulching on fruit drop and quality in cvs. Mallika, Amrapali and Dashehari of mango at the experimental farm Bhota of IBES Neri, Hamirpur, during the years 2010-2012. Eight treatments, viz., T1&T2: 2, 4-D (20 and 40ppm), T3&T4: NAA (25 and 50ppm), T5: 2, 4-D (20ppm) + Black polythene mulch, T6:NAA (25ppm) + Black polythene mulch, T7: Black polythene mulch, and T8: Control, were applied during the last week of April at the pea stage of fruit development in the years 2011 and 2012. Observations were recorded on marked panicles at monthly intervals until harvest. All the hormonal treatments, mulching and combination thereof, showed significant reduction in fruit drop in all the three cultivars under study. Fruit retention at harvest in cvs. Amrapali, and Mallika and Dashehari was maximum (5.95, 9.5 and 8.3%, respectively) with T5 (2, 4-D 20ppm + Black polythene mulch) which was statistically at par with T1 (2, 4-D 20ppm), T7 (Black polythene mulch) and T2(2, 4-D 40ppm). Effect of treatments on TSS content was non-significant. Highest TSS content (14.5°B) was noted in cv. Dashehari which was significantly higher than in Mallika (11.7°B) or Amrapali (11.4°B). Titratable acidity was significantly low in all the treatments than that in untreated plants. Highest acidity (0.53%) was recorded in Control. 'Dashehari' recorded the highest (0.63%) acidity, followed by Mallika (0.49%) and Amrapali (0.46%).
DeSI: A Decentralized Software-Defined Network Architecture for Internet Exchange Points

Applications of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) to the Internet Routing hold great promises for supporting the ever-growing performance requirements of Internet applications. The inherent centralization of these SDN approaches on the Internet routing comes with the following concerns: 1) privacy, the operators are reluctant to share private routing information, 2) separation of responsibilities, the Internet eXchange Point (IXP) running the centralized controller is involved in the routing and forwarding at too many levels, and 3) scalability, the growing number of IP prefixes routed on the Internet (i.e., hundreds of thousands) pose extremely high requirements at both the control- and data-planes, e.g., several minutes for policy compilations and a large number of forwarding rules, in SDN. In this paper, we propose DeSI to apply SDN at IXPs by considering the above concerns. We break this centralization by devising an SDN-enabled IXP architecture in which each member connects to an SDN-enabled IXP through its SDN controller and SDN switches, thus tackling privacy, scalability, and separation of concerns issues. To spur adoption, we introduce an expressive, yet simple, language to configure the routing policies of the members. Our evaluation shows that DeSI needs n times fewer forwarding table entries for an IXP in which n is the number of IXP members. DeSI also gives the possibility of slowly migrating to the SDN-enabled IXPs.
Profile of Patients with Ear, Nose, and Throat Foreign Bodies on Emergency Room, RSUD Dr. Soetomo in 2018

Foreign bodies in the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) is a common emergency case found in the emergency room. On 2016, it was found that 689 patients admitted to RSUD Dr. Soetomo’s emergency room due to foreign bodies on their ear, nose, or throat. This study aims to determine the profile of patients with foreign bodies on their ear, nose, or throat that admitted to Emergency Room, RSUD Dr. Soetomo in 2018. This type of research was a retrospective study using medical records of patients. The total of patients in this study was 802 patients. It was found that the most common foreign bodies was found on ear with 342 cases (42.64%), followed by nose with 265 cases (33.04%), and lastly throat with 195 cases (24.31%). The most common patients age group was 0-10 years with 376 cases (46.88%), followed by patients with age group more than 50 years with 93 cases (11.60%). There were more males patients with 445 patients (55.49%) rather than women with 357 patients (44.51%). The most common foreign bodies on ear was cotton with 173 cases (50.58%). The most common foreign bodies on nose was bead with 137 cases (51.70%). The most common foreign bodies on throat was fish bone with 166 cases (85.13%). The standard procedure for patients with foreign bodies was with extraction, extra procedure may be needed according to the condition of patients. Most of the patients showed no complication after the treatment. Keywords: foreign bodies; the ear, nose, and throat (ENT), profile of patients
Don’t Wait, Communicate: Rural School Counselors and Disaster Mental Health

This study explored rural school counselors’ experiences regarding their preparation and response to natural disasters. Using descriptive phenomenology, we examined the perspectives of 10 school counselors and identified four themes that captured their experiences: (a) the need for disaster mental health training, (b) the value of rural community collaboration, (c) the influence of multiple roles, and (d) personal reactions to disaster response. We provide implications and recommendations about expanding crisis training to include disaster mental health.
Influence of varieties and spacing on growth characters of sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.)

The investigation was undertaken at B.B.A. University, Lucknow (UP) during rabi season of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to study the influence of varieties and spacing on growth characters of sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italic Plenck). Four varieties viz. V1- Pusa Broccoli KTS-1, V2-Palam Kanchan , V3-Palam Vichitra , V4-Palam Samridhi and four spacings viz.- S1- 60x45 cm, S2 - 60×30 cm, S3 - 45×45 cm, S4 - 45×30 cm were evaluated in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The results revealed that the variety Pusa Broccoli KTS-1 showed the highest plant height (66.7 and 66.2 cm), stem diameter (3.5 and 3.5 cm),plant spreading (E-W and N-S) (61.3, 62.5 and 54.2, 55.3 cm), leaves per plant (23.7 and 23.9), length of leaves (51.1 and 51.1cm) and width of leaves (30.3 and 30.6 cm). Spacing of 60x45 cm produced significantly highest values of plant height (67.3 and 68.4 cm), stem diameter (3.4 and 3.4 cm), leaves per plant (24.3 and 24.5), length of leaves (51.9 and 52.0 cm) and width of leaves (31.0 and 31.2 cm). The lowest values of these growth characters were recorded under spacing of 45x30 cm. The interaction effect between variety Palam Vichitra and spacing of 60x45 cmshowed significant beneficial effect on growth parameters viz.- plant height (68.3 and 68.8 cm), stem diameter (3.5 and 3.6 cm), plant spreading (E-W and N-S) (64.1 and 68.1 and 54.5 and 55.6 cm), leaves per plant (24.7 and 24.9), length of leaves (52.7 and 52.5 cm) and width of leaves (31.3 and 31.3 cm) in sprouting broccoli.
Effect of Levels of Boron and Molybdenum on Growth and Yield of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

Black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) is one of the most important crop grown in India. It is consumed in the form of ‘dal’ (whole or split, husked and unhusked) or parched. It is chief constituent of ‘papad’. It is used as nutritive fodder specially for mulch cattle and also used as green manuring crop. It adds 42 kg N ha'1 in soil. It posses deep root system which binds soil particles and thus, prevent erosion.