Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
and workaholism in employees: The role

Even though it has been over 20 years since Spence and Robbins (1992) first showed perfectionism and workaholism to be closely related, the relationship between perfectionism and workaholism is still under-researched. In particular, it has remained unclear why perfectionism is linked to workaholism. Using data from 131 employees, this study—examining self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism—investigated whether intrinsic-extrinsic work motivation could explain the positive relationship between perfectionism and workaholism. Whereas socially prescribed perfectionism was unrelated to workaholism, self-oriented perfectionism showed a positive correlation with workaholism. Furthermore autonomous (integrated and identified regulation) and controlled (introjected and external regulation) work motivation showed positive correlations. However, when all predictors were entered in a regression analysis, only self-oriented perfectionism, identified regulation, and introjected regulation positively predicted workaholism. In addition, a mediation analysis showed that identified and introjected regulation fully mediated the effect of self-oriented perfectionism on workaholism. The findings suggest that high levels of work motivation explain why many self-oriented perfectionists are workaholic.
Business Groups, Taxes and Accruals Management

This paper provides evidence that Belgian firms belonging to a business group have a lower effective tax rate (ETR) and face a less positive association between pre-tax income and ETRs than independent firms.These findings suggest that individual group members apply efficient tax planning techniques in order to minimize taxes at the group level.We hypothesize that group firms strategically adjust firm-level reported earnings levels in response to tax incentives.We find evidence consistent with this hypothesis, in that the intrinsic negative association between total accruals and operating cash flows is more (less) pronounced for group firms facing a positive (zero) marginal tax rate status, compared to independent firms.In addition, we find that a group firm s net tax-paying situation is more important in its discretionary accruals reporting decisions, compared to independent firms.Finally, we identify intra-group receivables as relevant tax-reducing accruals components.Results are robust to alternative model specifications, variable definitions and measures.
Building Teen Futures with Underwater Robotics

Preparing young Americans with science and technology skills has been on the forefront of educational reform for several years, and Extension has responded. Robotics projects have become a natural fit for 4-H clubs, with members' experiences ranging from using Lego® Mindstorms® and other "purchase and assemble" robotics kits to building and programming robots from raw materials. This article addresses one such club's impacts on educational engagement, career trajectory, and life skills development. An annotated resource list for engaging youth in building underwater robots is provided in the Tools of the Trade article "Resources for Underwater Robotics Education" in this issue of the Journal of Extension.
LJMU Research Online Reproducibility of Four Frequently Used Local Heating Protocols to Assess Cutaneous Microvascular Function

Background. Skin microvascular responses to local heating are frequently used to assess microvascular function. Several local heating protocols have been developed, all varying slightly in execution. The aim of this study was to determine the inter-day reproducibility of the four most commonly used local heating protocols in healthy young subjects. Methods. Fifteen, healthy males (28±5yrs, BMI 25±2kg/m) attended two experimental trials 2-7 days apart. During each trial, baseline and maximal thermally stimulated forearm skin responses were examined simultaneously at four sites on the dominant forearm using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). The following heating protocols were adopted: 1. Rapid 39°C (0.5°C/5s), 2. Rapid 42°C (0.5°C/5s) 3. Gradual 42°C (0.5°C/2min30s) and 4. Slow 42°C (0.5°C/5min). The coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated for absolute flux, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC; flux/mean arterial pressure, MAP) and CVC expressed as a percentage of maximal CVC at 44°C (%CVCmax) at three different time points; baseline (33°C), plateau (39/42°C) and maximal (44°C). Results. Reproducibility of baseline flux, CVC and %CVCmax was 17-29% across all protocols. During the plateau, Rapid, Gradual and Slow 42°C demonstrated a reproducibility of 13-18% for flux and CVC and 5-11% for %CVCmax. However, Rapid 39°C demonstrated a lower reproducibility for flux, CVC and %CVCmax (all 21%). Reproducibility at 44°C was 12-15% for flux and CVC across all protocols. Conclusion. This is the first study examining inter-day reproducibility across four local heating protocols. The good-to-moderate reproducibility of the Rapid, Gradual and Slow 42°C protocols support their (simultaneous) use to assess microvascular function. Using Rapid 39°C may require a greater number of subjects to detect differences within subjects.
Language Embedded Radiance Fields for Zero-Shot Task-Oriented Grasping

Grasping objects by a specific part is often crucial for safety and for executing downstream tasks. Yet, learning-based grasp planners lack this behavior unless they are trained on specific object part data, making it a significant challenge to scale object diversity. Instead, we propose LERF-TOGO, Language Embedded Radiance Fields for Task-Oriented Grasping of Objects, which uses vision-language models zero-shot to output a grasp distribution over an object given a natural language query. To accomplish this, we first reconstruct a LERF of the scene, which distills CLIP embeddings into a multi-scale 3D language field queryable with text. However, LERF has no sense of objectness, meaning its relevancy outputs often return incomplete activations over an object which are insufficient for subsequent part queries. LERF-TOGO mitigates this lack of spatial grouping by extracting a 3D object mask via DINO features and then conditionally querying LERF on this mask to obtain a semantic distribution over the object with which to rank grasps from an off-the-shelf grasp planner. We evaluate LERF-TOGO's ability to grasp task-oriented object parts on 31 different physical objects, and find it selects grasps on the correct part in 81% of all trials and grasps successfully in 69%. See the project website at: lerftogo.github. io
Comparison of 4DVAR and EnKF state estimates and forecasts in the Gulf of Mexico

An experiment is conducted to compare four‐dimensional variational (4DVAR) and ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) assimilation systems and their predictability in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm). The quality of the ocean‐state estimates, forecasts, and the contribution of ensemble prediction are evaluated. The MITgcm–Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) 4DVAR (MITgcm–ECCO) and the MITgcm–Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) EnKF (MITgcm–DART) systems were used to compute two‐month hindcasts (March–April, 2010) by assimilating satellite‐derived along‐track sea‐surface height (SSH) and gridded sea‐surface temperature (SST) observations. The estimates from both methods at the end of the hindcast period were then used to initialize forecasts for two months (May–June, 2010). This period was selected because a loop current (LC) eddy (Eddy Franklin: Eddy‐F) detachment event occurred at the end of May 2010, immediately after the Deepwater Horizon (DwH) oil spill. Despite some differences between the setups, both systems produce analyses and forecasts of comparable quality and both solutions significantly outperformed model persistence. A reference forecast initialized from the 1/12° Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)/NCODA global analysis also performed well. The EnKF experiments for sensitivity to filter parameters showed enhanced predictability when using more ensemble members and stronger covariance localization, but not for larger inflation. The EnKF experiments varying the number of assimilation cycles showed enhanced short‐term (long‐term) predictability with fewer (more) assimilation cycles. Additional hindcast and forecast experiments at other times of significant LC evolution showed mixed performance of both systems, which depends strongly on the background state of the GoM circulation. The present work demonstrates a practical application of both assimilation methods for the GoM and compares them in a limited number of realizations. The overall conclusion showing improved short‐term (long‐term) predictability for EnKF (4DVAR) carries an important caveat that the results from this study are specific to a few 4DVAR and EnKF LC eddy separation experiments in the GoM and cannot be generalized to conclude the relative performance of both methods, especially in other applications. However, some of the concepts and methods should carry over to other applications.
Temi di discussione

This paper evaluates the impact of the second series of Targeted Longer-Term Refinancing Operations (TLTRO2) on the amount of credit granted to non-financial private corporations and on the interest rates applied to loans in Italy, using data on credit transactions, bank and firm characteristics and a difference-in-differences approach. We find that TLTRO2 had a positive impact on the Italian credit market, encouraging medium-term lending to firms and reducing credit interest rates. While firms overall benefited from TLTRO2 irrespective of their risk category and size, we document heterogeneous treatment effects. Regarding firms’ risk category, the effects on credit quantities are larger for low-risk firms while those on credit interest rate are larger for high-risk firms. Regarding firms’ size, smaller firms benefited the most both in terms of amounts borrowed and interest rates. Furthermore, our evidence suggests that monetary policy transmission of TLTRO2 is stronger for banks with a low bad debt ratio in their balance sheets.
Sawtooth driven particle transport in tokamak plasmas

Le transport radial des particules dans les tokamaks constitue une des questions les plus cruciales pour la communaute de la fusion par con finement magnetique. En eff et, d'une part la puissance de fusion est proportionnelle au carre de la pression, d'autre part l'accumulation d'impuretes lourdes dans le coeur du plasma conduit a d'importantes pertes par rayonnement qui peuvent fi nir par causer un e ffondrement radiatif du plasma. Les dent de scie et la redistribution periodique de la temperature et de la densite de coeur qui lui est associee peuvent a ffecter signifi cativement le transport radial des electrons et des impuretes. Dans cette these, nous presentons des simulations numeriques de dents de scie utilisant un code tridimensionnel non lineaire de magnetohydrodynamique appele XTOR-2F, a n d'etudier le transport de particules pendant les dents de scie. Nous montrons que le code est capable de reproduire les structures fines de densite observees apres le crash de la dent de scie avec le diagnostic de refl ectometrie a balayage rapide sur les tokamaks Tore Supra et JET. La presence de ces structures implique la possibilite que le crash de dent de scie ne soit pas aussi effi cace que prevu pour evacuer les impuretes du coeur du plasma. Cependant, en appliquant le code aux impuretes, nous montrons que finalement le taux de redistribution est quantitativement similaire a ce qui est prevu par le modele de Kadomtsev, un resultat inattendu a priori. Nous concluons que la dent de scie est e fficace pour evacuer les impuretes du coeur du plasma.
A GENERAL LINEAR MODEL FRAMEWORK FOR TRAFFIC CONFLICTS AT UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS IN GREATER CAIRO

Combined with other data sets, the traffic conflict technique is an efficient tool for analyzing traffic safety problems at specific sites. The objectives of this paper are to identify the roadway variables that affect traffic conflicts at uncontrolled intersections in greater Cairo, and to develop mathematical models of conflict rates with the road variable. Alternative statistical methods of analysis based on the general linear model framework are discussed. This framework provides a flexible range of statistical models for representing response of mean conflict rates on design variables of interest and for selecting the distribution of conflict rates within individual classification cells. A special field survey was launched to collect data required for model calibration. Provision of some significant countermeasures for improving road safety levels are presented.
Implementing physical activity calorie equivalent (PACE) food labelling: Views of a nationally representative sample of adults in the United Kingdom

Background Nutritional labels aim to support people to make informed healthy food choices, but many people do not understand the meaning of calories on food labels. Another approach is to provide calorie information with an interpretation of what the calorie content of food means for energy expenditure, known as physical activity calorie equivalent (PACE) labelling. PACE aims to illustrate how many minutes of physical activity are equivalent to the calories contained in food/drinks. This study investigated the views of the public about the possible implementation of PACE labelling. Methods Data was obtained from a nationally representative sample of adults in the United Kingdom and collected by UK Ipsos KnowledgePanel. Panellists are recruited via a random probability unclustered address-based sampling method. 4,000 panellists were randomly invited to participate and asked to compare their views about traffic light and PACE labelling preferences and behaviour parameters. Results Data were analysed descriptively and using logistic and multinomial regression analyses. 2,668/4,000 (67%) of those invited participated. More participants preferred traffic light (43%vs33%) than PACE labelling, but more reported PACE was easier to understand (41%vs27%) and more likely to catch their attention (49%vs31%). More participants thought PACE was more likely to help them avoid high calorie food than traffic light labelling (44%vs28%). Physically active (3–4 or 5+ days/week) respondents were more likely to report PACE would catch their attention than traffic light labelling, compared with less active participants (weighted adjusted relative risk ratio = 1.42 (1.00–2.00) and 1.45 (1.03–2.05 respectively)). Perceived overweight was the most predictive factor (weighted adjusted OR = 2.24 (1.19 to 4.20)) in whether PACE was considered useful in helping people decide what to eat/buy. Conclusion The public identified value to their health in labelling food with PACE information. PACE labelling may be a useful approach to complement current approaches to food labelling.
Whole genome sequencing analysis demonstrates therapy‐induced echinocandin resistance in Candida auris isolates

Candida auris is an emerging, multidrug‐resistant yeast, causing outbreaks in healthcare facilities. Echinocandins are the antifungal drugs of choice to treat candidiasis, as they cause few side effects and resistance is rarely found. Previously, immunocompromised patients from Kuwait with C. auris colonisation or infection were treated with echinocandins, and within days to months, resistance was reported in urine isolates. To determine whether the development of echinocandin resistance was due to independent introductions of resistant strains or resulted from intra‐patient resistance development, whole genome sequencing (WGS) single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis was performed on susceptible (n = 26) and echinocandin‐resistant (n = 6) isolates from seven patients. WGS SNP analysis identified three distinct clusters differing 17–127 SNPs from two patients, and the remaining isolates from five patients, respectively. Sequential isolates within patients had a maximum of 11 SNP differences over a time period of 1–10 months. The majority of isolates with reduced susceptibility displayed unique FKS1 substitutions including a novel FKS1M690V substitution, and nearly all were genetically related, ranging from only three to six SNP differences compared to susceptible isolates from the same patient. Resistant isolates from three patients shared the common FKS1S639F substitution; however, WGS analysis did not suggest a common source. These findings strongly indicate that echinocandin resistance is induced during antifungal treatment. Future studies should determine whether such echinocandin‐resistant strains are capable of long‐term colonisation, cause subsequent breakthrough candidiasis, have a propensity to cross‐infect other patients, or remain viable for longer time periods in the hospital environment.
The Differing Effects of Sleep on Ictal and Interictal Network Dynamics in Drug‐Resistant Epilepsy

Sleep has important influences on focal interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), and the rates and spatial extent of IEDs are increased in non‐rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In contrast, the influence of sleep on seizures is less clear, and its effects on seizure topography are poorly documented. We evaluated the influences of NREM sleep on ictal spatiotemporal dynamics and contrasted these with interictal network dynamics.
Triggers and regulation: the gut microbiome in rheumatoid arthritis

ABSTRACT Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease marked by systemic symptoms and joint degeneration. Interestingly, the development and progression of rheumatoid arthritis have been linked to the microbiome, notably the gut microbiome. Dysbiosis, an alteration in the gut microbiome, has been connected to the etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. For instance, dysbiosis increases intestinal permeability and promotes the movement of bacteria and their products, which in turn triggers and aggravates systemic inflammation. Areas covered The correlation between the gut microbiome and RA. Triggers of RA including dysbiosis. The therapeutic potential of the gut microbiome in RA due to its critical function in influencing the immune response. The fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a therapeutic strategy that involves the transfer of healthy fecal microbiota from a donor to a recipient, has produced encouraging results in the treatment of several autoimmune illnesses, including rheumatoid arthritis. Expert opinion The role of the gut microbiome in RA is critical and serves as a basis for etiology and pathogenesis, as well as having therapeutic implications. In our opinion, FMT is an excellent example of this correlation. Still, more investigations and well-designed studies are needed in order to make firm conclusions and recommendations.
Organic Agriculture and Poverty Reduction in Asia: China and India focus

Acknowledgements The lead consultant and primary author of this report was Daniele Giovannucci; the lead evaluator for this evaluation was Paolo Silveri in collaboration with Lea Joensen. The Office of Evaluation (OE) of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) is grateful to the select group of eminent scientists and experts, members of the Scientific Committee, that have thoroughly reviewed the methodology and the work: The design and oversight of the thematic evaluation owes much to the ongoing efforts of the members of the In both China and India, a notable group of distinguished luminaries in the field offered their support and guidance. Principal Researchers The case studies were conducted by experienced researchers that, in their field, rank among the leading professionals in each country. In many cases they have been important contributors in their countries to the existing domestic rules and policies for organic and eco-friendly agriculture. Their diverse backgrounds and in-depth knowledge provided useful insights beyond their case study analyses. The principal researchers were: We extend our sincere appreciation to each of the case study projects that graciously shared their time and experience. The studies are available from the Office of Evaluation (evaluation@ifad.org): The reports on Asian countries other than China and India provided useful further insight into the current situation of organics in the region. These were provided by: Several agencies collaborated with the evaluation in the field or in the research and dissemination of
Ostracoda in the Earth Sciences

Illustration of ostracods. Ostracods and palaeoceanography (R.H. Benson). The importance of ostracods in biostratigraphic analysis (J.-P. Colin, F. Lethiers). Chronoecology, a non-taxonomic application of ostracods (D. van Harten). Palaeobathymetry on the continental shelf based on examples using ostracods from the Gulf of Alaska (E.M. Brouwers). Ostracods and sea-level changes: case studies form the Quaternary of North and South Carolina, U.S. Atlantic coast (T.M. Cronin). Determining Late Neogene and Quaternary palaeoclimates and palaeotemperature regimes using ostracods (J.E. Hazel). Ostracoda and palaeogeography (R.C. Whatley). Ostracods and palaeosalinity reconstruction (J.W. Neale). Ostracods and the transition between fresh and saline waters (P. Carbonel). The use of ostracods to reconstruct continental palaeoenvironmental records (P. De Deckker, R.M. Forester). Stable isotopes from lacustrine Ostracoda as tracers for continental palaeoenvironments (G.S.Lister). Amino acid racemization in fossil non-marine ostracod shells: a potential tool for the study of Quaternary stratigraphy, chronology, and palaeotemperature (W.D. McCoy). Sediment transport detected from the analysis of ostracod population structure: an example from the Alaskan continental shelf (E.M. Brouwers). Population structure of ostracods: Some general principles from the recognition of palaeoenvironments (R.C. Whatley). Applications of ostracods in quantitative geology (R.C. Reyment). Appendix. Genus and species index. Subject and locality index.
From past to present: Exploring COVID-19 in Qatar’s hemodialysis population across Omicron dominant and pre-Omicron periods

COVID-19 carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants have been identified since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aimed to compare the incidence and outcomes of the COVID-19 Omicron dominant period versus other pre-Omicron period in hemodialysis patients. In this observational, analytical, retrospective, nationwide study, we reviewed adult chronic hemodialysis patients between March 1, 2020, and January 31, 2022. Four hundred twenty-one patients had COVID-19 during the study period. The incidence of COVID-19 due to the Omicron dominant period was significantly higher than other pre-Omicron period (30.3% vs. 18.7%, P<0.001). In contrast, the admission rate to ICU was significantly lower in the Omicron dominant period than in the pre-Omicron period (2.8% vs. 25%, P<0001) but with no significant difference in ICU length of stay. The mortality rate was lower in the Omicron dominant period compared to the pre-Omicron period (2.4% vs. 15.5%, P<0.001). Using multivariate analysis, older age [OR 1.093 (95% CI 1.044–1.145); P<0.0001] and need for mechanical ventilation [OR 70.4 (95% CI 20.39–243.1); P<0.0001] were identified as two independent risk factors for death in hemodialysis patients with COVID-19. In Conclusion, the COVID-19 Omicron variant had a higher incidence and lower morbidity and mortality than pre-Omicron period in our hemodialysis population.