Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Black Men’s Intimate Partner Violence Victimization, Help-Seeking, and Barriers to Help-Seeking

Guided by hegemonic masculinity and intersectionality theories, this descriptive, exploratory study examined Black men’s intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization experiences, subsequent help-seeking decisions, and barriers to help-seeking. To begin exploring Black men’s experiences, two research questions guided this study: (a) What are Black men's experiences of IPV-related help-seeking? (b) What barriers do Black men face when seeking IPV-related help and support? A total of 54 Black men participated in an online survey on their IPV experiences via the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Overall, the men who participated in this study experienced relatively low levels of minor and severe physical and sexual violence victimization, as well as lower levels of coercive controlling violence in comparison to nationally representative data, suggesting this sample comprises men who experience situational couple versus coercive controlling violence. All but one participant utilized at least one help-seeking strategy. Informal strategies were most commonly utilized, whereas legal strategies were least commonly utilized. The degree to which participants perceived each strategy as helpful was quite variable, such that staying with friends or family was the most helpful strategy yet 47.8% found it unhelpful. The most common help-seeking barriers (e.g., wanting to solve the problem on their own) overlap with hegemonic masculinity and Black men’s experiences with formal and legal systems, relating less to the internalized and anticipated stigma subscales created for women. Broadly, this study helps illustrate the need for researchers to focus on developing measures and interventions tailored to Black men and their experiences.
Raising the bar for lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes

Abstract Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are broadly categorized as lower- and higher-risk with lower-risk dominated by cytopenias and higher-risk plagued by the risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The management of MDS utilize a risk-adapted approach aimed at ameliorating cytopenias in lower-risk MDS (LR-MDS) and preventing AML transformation in higher-risk MDS. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative intent therapy in higher-risk MDS; however, it is not routinely recommended in LR-MDS in view of unfavorable risk/benefit ratio. Therefore, the goal of treatment in LR-MDS is aimed at improving the transfusion burden and health related quality of life. Currently, erythropoiesis stimulating agents (recombinant erythropoietin), erythroid maturation agents (luspatercept), disease modifying agents (lenalidomide) and hypomethylating agents are the agents of choice in the treatment of LR-MDS. This review will discuss the current treatment standards, meaningful clinical outcomes, and emerging therapies in LR-MDS.
Controlled release of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug from a photocurable polymeric calcium phosphate cement

Abstract In this research, a photocurable composite based on tetracalcuim phosphate ceramic and, hydroxyethyl methacrylate-modified poly(acrylic-maleic acid) was developed and studied as a potential drug delivery system for bone defects. Different concentrations (5, 10 and 20 wt. %) of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Indomethacin, were loaded on to the composite and its release behavior was investigated in phosphate buffered solution during 504 h. The obtained release data were fitted by both power law (Peppas) and Weibull equations. The composites were also characterized after different soaking periods using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transforming infrared spectroscopy. The results of XRD and SEM analyses revealed the formation of nanosized needle/flake-like apatite crystals on the composites surfaces; however, better apatite formation was observed for the composites loaded with higher amounts of Indomethacin. The morphological observations and quantitative estimations revealed that the loaded composites were gradually degraded in the phosphate-buffered saline. Moreover, a controlled release of Indomethacin was found from the composites in which a higher drug concentration led to a more drug level as well as sustained release profile. In drug release modeling, better regression coefficient was obtained from the Weibull equation, compared to the power law, meaning that the Weibull equation suggests a better description of the indomethacin release from the composites during the whole period of the test. In conclusion, the photocurable composite with apatite formation ability can be successfully used for the controlled release of indomethacin as an anti-inflammatory drug in bone defects.
Evaluating Performance of Circular Staplers Using Comparative Test Methods for Evidence-Based Surgery

Background Circular stapler anastomosis is a common surgical procedure. Despite technological advancements, anastomotic leak remains a postoperative concern. Assessment of new technologies is impeded by variations in test methods and analysis, precluding outcome reproducibility and direct comparisons of results across studies. The development of robust and reproducible preclinical test methods is critical to accelerating stapling technology advancements. Methodology Leak pressure, staple line perfusion and security, and device removal force were quantified for triple-row (Tri-staple EEA, TriEEA) and double-row staplers (Echelon Circular Powered, ECP). Leak and perfusion testing were performed in vivo. Device removal force and staple line security testing were performed with synthetic medium using an Instron. Data were analyzed using unpaired student’s t-test or Kruskal-Wallis test, with statistical significance defined as P < . 05. Results Leak pressure was 73% higher in TriEEA vs ECP (P = .016). TriEEA staple line failure force was lower than ECP at 40 and 50 mmHg (P = .001 and P = .023, respectively). Perfusion to the staple line was higher (148%) for TriEEA than for ECP (P = .003) and the force required to remove the device from its stapled anastomosis was 78% lower for TriEEA than for ECP (P < .001). Discussion/Conclusions This report addresses a primary limitation in stapling research by presenting novel methodologies which enhance clinical relevance and provide sufficient detail for reproduction by independent investigators. These methods are applied to a comparison between triple-row and double-row staplers to demonstrate utility of new test methods in assessing key technology design features.
Antibiograms of field and hospital acquired equine neonatal bacterial fluid cultures in the Midwestern United States: 149 samples (2007‐2018)

Abstract Background Contemporary data reflecting local pathogens and their antibiograms is necessary to select empirical antimicrobial therapy for equine neonates. Hypothesis/Objectives Describe bacterial isolates associated with equine neonatal infection and their antibiograms in the Midwestern United States. An increase in gram‐positive infection and antibiotic resistance compared to previous literature was expected. Animals Data from 149 fluid samples from 133 foals <30 days of age submitted for bacterial culture between January 2007 and December 2018. Methods A retrospective evaluation of equine neonatal fluid cultures was performed. Fluid submission type, bacterial culture and antibiogram, empirical antibiotic treatment, and foal outcome was included. Isolate susceptibility to individual antimicrobials and combination protocols relevant to equine practice were recorded. The effect of recorded variables on foal survival was evaluated using Fisher's exact or chi‐squared tests. Results Ninety bacterial isolates (78 aerobes and 12 anaerobes) were identified and gram‐positive organisms predominated (n = 50/90, 56%). Greater than 70% of aerobic isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and all penicillin/aminopenicillin and aminoglycoside combinations. Seventy‐seven (n = 81/105) percent of foals survived. Survival was associated with a negative fluid culture and was not associated with empirical antimicrobial choice. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Gram positive and anaerobic isolates associated with equine neonatal fluid cultures exceed that of previous reports. Historical empirical antimicrobial choices for equine neonatal infection in the Midwestern United States are supported by local antibiogram results.
Gender, life events, and mental well-being in emerging adulthood

Background: Emerging adulthood is a critical period of life involving many life transitions that may generate stress and compromise health and mental well-being. Aims: To know the most frequent life events of women and men in emerging adulthood, analyzing also the relevance that such stressors have on their psychological well-being and life satisfaction. A second aim is to determine the relevance of age, educational level, most frequent life events, coping styles, and perceived social support as risk and protective factors for well-being. Method: The sample consisted of 2,000 individuals from the general Spanish population (55% women), aged between 18 and 29, who were assessed using five questionnaires and scales measuring life events, coping styles, life satisfaction, psychological well-being, and social support. Results: The findings showed that 90% of the sample had experienced one or more life events during the previous year and that a higher number of life events experienced over the past year was associated with lower mental well-being. Multiple regression analyses made clear that, although some events experienced in the previous year (namely, family conflicts and change in the relationship with parents) were associated with lower women’s and men’s well-being, the most important determinants of well-being in either gender were coping styles; however, some predictors of women’s well-being proved different from those of men. In the case of women, family and intimate partner conflicts predicted lower life satisfaction and psychological well-being was lower in the case of family conflicts. As for men, work or academic life events predicted lower life satisfaction. Conclusion: These research findings are relevant for the design of programs and strategies to improve mental well-being in emerging adulthood.
ON A MOTION OF A SOLID BODY IN A VISCOUS FLUID. TWO-DIMENSIONAL CASE.

Abstarct. In this paper we investigate a two-dimensional problem on a motion of a solid body in a bounded contaner filled by a viscous fluid. The main assumption making possible to prove the global existence of a generalized solution is that the boundaries of the body and of the contaner are curves of the class C 2 . We show that in this case the body hits the wall with zero speed and does not move during touching.
On the integer solutions of exponential equations in function fields

On etudie le nombre de solutions entieres d'equations exponentielles a plusieurs variables sur les corps de fonctions. On developpe une methode qui, dans certains cas, permet de remplacer des bornes exponentielles par des bornes polynomiles. Puis, on demontre un resultat de comptage (Thm.1) des points entiers ou des termes exponentiels deviennent lineairement dependants sur le corps des constantes. On fournit plusieurs applications aux equations (Cor. 1) et aux estimations du nombre de valeurs ou certaines paires de suites recurrentes lineaires coincident (Cor. 2). En particulier, on ameliore sensiblement (Cor. 3) des bornes recentes pour le nombre de solutions entieres (m, n) de l'equation G m (P(X) = c m,n G n (X), ou G n est une suite recurrente lineaire de polynomes et c m,n appartient au corps des constantes. Enfin (Cor. 4), on estime le nombre de solutions d'une equation en S-unites a deux variables sur un corps de fonctions, en ameliorant les bornes connues.
Ultrasensitive Circulating Tumor DNA Pilot Study Distinguishes Complete Response and Partial Response With Immunotherapy in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

PURPOSE Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been validated across multiple indications in the adjuvant and surveillance settings. We evaluated whether targeted digital sequencing (TARDIS) may distinguish a partial response (PR) from a complete response (CR) among patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eligible patients had mRCC that yielded a PR or CR to ICI therapy. Peripheral blood was obtained at a single time point for ctDNA analysis. TARDIS was used for quantification of average variant allele fractions (VAFs). Our primary objective was to determine the association between VAFs and depth of response (PR v CR). A secondary objective was to determine whether VAFs were associated with disease progression. RESULTS Twelve patients were analyzed, nine of whom achieved a PR (75%). Patients received either nivolumab monotherapy (50%) or nivolumab plus ipilimumab (50%). ctDNA analysis incorporated an average of 30 patient-specific mutations (range, 19-35); average coverage depth was 103,342 reads per target. TARDIS quantified a significant difference in VAFs between PR and CR (median, 0.181% [IQR, 0.077%-0.420%] v 0.007% [IQR, 0.0%-0.028%], respectively [P = .014]). Of the 12 patients in the series, six patients demonstrated radiographic progression subsequent to ctDNA assessment. Patients who progressed on subsequent scans had significantly higher ctDNA than those who maintained their response (median, 0.362% [IQR, 0.181%-2.71%] v 0.033% [IQR, 0.007%-0.077%], respectively [P = .026]). CONCLUSION In this pilot study, TARDIS accurately differentiated PR from CR among patients with mRCC receiving immunotherapy, and also prospectively identified patients at risk for subsequent progression. Given these findings, we envision subsequent studies that validate these results and investigate the utility of this assay to discern appropriate candidates for discontinuation of immunotherapy.
A multi-parameter data-assimilation approach for wave prediction in coastal areas

ABSTRACT This work describes an approach based on the successive correction method for assimilating in situ measurements in the high-resolution computational domain of a wave-modelling system based on the spectrum concept. Its objective is to improve the wave predictions in the nearshore and in the vicinity of the harbours. The coastal environment targeted is the western side of the Black Sea, but similar approaches can be developed for any nearshore area where in situ wave measurements are available. A wave modelling system based on the simulating waves nearshore (SWAN) model was implemented for the entire sea basin. On the western side, a higher-resolution computational domain was nested in the large area. Wave measurements from the Gloria drilling unit were considered for the assimilation procedure. For several boundary points of the last computational domain, corrections of the main wave parameters were performed which take into account the measured values. In this case, only the significant wave height and peak period were assimilated, but the wave direction and the directional spreading can be also assimilated as a further computational step. Considering these corrected values, parametric boundary conditions are used to force the model. As a result, the wave-prediction system becomes more reliable.
Are narcissistic CEOs good or bad for family firm innovation?

Despite anecdotal evidence showing that some CEOs possess narcissistic personality traits, research on this individual characteristic is still lagging behind. Though the literature has established that narcissistic CEO traits may affect firm performance, it is not clear whether they act as constructive or destructing forces in family firms. This is particularly important given family firms’ attention towards the preservation of socioemotional wealth. A question thus arises: Can family firms benefit from narcissistic CEOs or should they avoid appointing individuals with this personality trait? Our analysis of unique data from Italian CEOs – collected through a survey and a psychometric test – reveals that CEO narcissism is lower in family firms, and among family CEOs. Nevertheless, in family firms, more narcissistic CEOs tend to exploit greater innovation opportunities by fostering higher top management teams strategic decision comprehensiveness. Our findings advance our understanding of narcissism in leadership positions, highlighting its importance for family firms’ innovation and providing meaningful contributions for research on CEO personality, family business and innovation, as well as for practitioners.
Topological Ramsey spaces, associated ultrafilters, and their applications to the Tukey Theory of ultrafilters and Dedekind cuts of nonstandard arithmetic.

This dissertation makes contributions to the areas of combinatorial set theory, the model theory of arithmetic, and the Tukey theory of ultrafilters. The main results are broken into three parts. In the first part, we identify some new partition relations among finite trees and use them to answer an open question of Dobrinen; namely, "for n < ω, are the notions of Ramsey for Rn and selective for Rn equivalent? " We show that for each n < ω, it is consistent with ZFC that there exists a selective forRn ultrafilter which is not Ramsey for Rn. In the second part, we extend results of Blass concerning Dedekind cuts associated to ultrafilter mappings from p-point and weakly-Ramsey ultrafilters to ultrafilter mappings from Ramsey for R1 ultrafilters. Blass associates to each ultrafilter U on a countable set X and each function g with domain X a Dedekind cut in the model of arithmetic given by the ultrapower ω/g(U). We characterize, under the continuum hypothesis, the cuts obtainable from an ultrafilter mapping from a Ramsey forR1 ultrafilter. We also show that the only cut obtainable for ultrafilter mappings between p-points, which are Tukey reducible to a given Ramsey for R1 ultrafilter, is the standard cut consisting of equivalence classes of constant sequences. These ii results imply new existence theorems for various special kinds of ultrafilters. In final part of the dissertation, we extend results of Dobrinen and Todorcevic concerning the canonical Ramsey theory of R1 to the space H given by forming the product of the spaceR1 with itself. These results imply new existence theorems for initial Tukey structures of nonprincipal ultrafilters. These results shed light on the following open question of Dobrinen concerning the Tukey theory of ultrafilters, "what are the possible initial Tukey structures for ultrafilters on a countable base set? " In particular, we show for the first time that it is consistent with ZFC that the four-element Boolean algebra appears as an initial Tukey structure.
Synergistic Integration of Deep Neural Networks and Finite Element Method with Applications for Biomechanical Analysis of Human Aorta

Motivation: Patient-specific finite element analysis (FEA) has the potential to aid in the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases by providing accurate stress and deformation analysis in various scenarios. It is known that patient-specific FEA is time-consuming and unsuitable for time-sensitive clinical applications. To mitigate this challenge, machine learning (ML) techniques, including deep neural networks (DNNs), have been developed to construct fast FEA surrogates. However, due to the data-driven nature of these ML models, they may not generalize well on new data, leading to unacceptable errors. Methods We propose a synergistic integration of DNNs and finite element method (FEM) to overcome each other’s limitations. We demonstrated this novel integrative strategy in forward and inverse problems. For the forward problem, we developed DNNs using state-of-the-art architectures, and DNN outputs were then refined by FEM to ensure accuracy. For the inverse problem of heterogeneous material parameter identification, our method employs a DNN as regularization for the inverse analysis process to avoid erroneous material parameter distribution. Results We tested our methods on biomechanical analysis of the human aorta. For the forward problem, the DNN-only models yielded acceptable stress errors in majority of test cases; yet, for some test cases that could be out of the training distribution (OOD), the peak stress errors were larger than 50%. The DNN-FEM integration eliminated the large errors for these OOD cases. Moreover, the DNN-FEM integration was magnitudes faster than the FEM-only approach. For the inverse problem, the FEM-only inverse method led to errors larger than 50%, and our DNN-FEM integration significantly improved performance on the inverse problem with errors less than 1%.
Early-life environmental effects on mitochondrial aerobic metabolism: an experimental brood size manipulation in wild great tits

Parental care (including postnatal provisioning) is a major component of the offspring’s early-life environment. In avian species, the number of chicks in the nest and subsequent sibling competition for food are known to affect chick’s growth, leading in some cases to long-lasting effects for the offspring. Because of its central role in converting energy, variation in the offspring’s mitochondrial metabolism could be an important pathway underlying variation in growth patterns. Here, we performed a brood size manipulation in great tits (Parus major) to unravel its impact on offspring’s mitochondrial metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in red blood cells. We investigated the effects of brood size on chicks’ growth and survival, and tested for long-lasting effects on juvenile mitochondrial metabolism and phenotype. As expected, chicks raised in reduced broods had a higher body mass compared to enlarged and control groups. However, mitochondrial metabolism and ROS production were not significantly affected by the treatment either at chick or juvenile stages. Chicks in very small broods were smaller in size and had higher mitochondrial metabolic rates. The nest of rearing has a significant effect on nestling mitochondrial metabolism, yet variation in mitochondrial metabolism at the early-life stages are not associated with survival chances. The contribution of the rearing environment in determining offspring mitochondrial metabolism emphasizes the plasticity of mitochondrial metabolism in changing environments. Further studies would be needed to closely investigate what are the major environmental cues affecting the offspring mitochondrial metabolism during the growth period.