Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of an AI-Supported Mobile App for Military Health in the Canadian Armed Forces

Abstract Recent developments in technology have expanded its reach and application, particularly when it comes to supporting mental health and well-being. The emergence and popularity of mental health mobile applications have created opportunities to reach those who face challenges with accessing traditional face-to-face supports such as members of the military community. Despite the increasing availability of technology-based mental health supports, perceptions toward this resource is unknown, particularly when it comes to technology that utilizes artificial intelligence (AI). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of the use of an AI-supported mental health app by the Canadian military community. This qualitative study used a combination of in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews, focus groups, and survey free-text responses. A total of 44 individuals participated in this study including military family members, veterans, health care providers working with veterans, and staff working with military families. The results have been presented in this paper as potential benefits and potential drawbacks of using an AI-supported mental health application. This information may have an important contribution to our growing understanding of how AI-supported technology is perceived through the unique experiences and lens of the military community. Understanding the various perceptions of technology will help inform the direction of expanding mental health services for a population who may be faced with geographic isolation or stigma that affect accessing mental health services. Further research is required to understand how AI-supported mental health applications can be best used with the military community.
Promoting the photocatalytic removal rate of ciprofloxacin antibiotic over carbon fiber decorated tungsten trioxide/titanium dioxide catalysts

Abstract This work aimed to enhance the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of WO3/TiO2 catalyst by decorating with carbon fibers (CF) which have excellent conductivity and uniform micropore size distribution. The carbon fiber based catalysts were prepared through a facile solvothermal technique and the as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Raman and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) techniques. The photocatalytic activities of carbocatalysts were investigated by degrading the selected antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) under day light illumination. When the amount of carbon fiber was increased from 2.5 wt. % to 9 wt. %, the photocatalytic degradation rate was almost doubled. The effects of different parameters such as carbon fiber amount, solution pH and water matrix on the catalytic performance were explored; and the effect of radical ions was investigated by adding trapping agents. The promoted activity for the carbocatalysts was assigned to the synergetic effect of adsorption/photocatalysis, electrical features of carbon fibers and reduced band gap energy.
Who Controls Criminal Law? Racial Threat and the Adoption of State Sentencing Law, 1975 to 2012

Threat theory argues that states toughen criminal laws to repress the competitive power of large minority groups. Yet, research on threat suffers from a poor understanding of why minority group size contributes to social control and a lack of evidence on whether criminal law is uniquely responsive to the political interests of majority racial groups at all. By compiling a unique state-level dataset on 230 sentencing policy changes during mass incarceration and using data from 257,362 responses to 79 national surveys to construct new state-level measures of racial differences in punitive policy support, I evaluate whether criminal sentencing law is uniquely responsive to white public policy interests. Pooled event history models and mediation analyses support three primary conclusions: (1) states adopted new sentencing policies as a nonlinear response to minority group size, (2) sentencing policies were adopted in response to white public, but not black public, support for punitive crime policy, and (3) minority group size and race-specific homicide victimization both indirectly affect sentencing policy by increasing white public punitive policy support. These findings support key theoretical propositions for the threat explanation of legal change and identify white public policy opinion as a mechanism linking minority group size to variation in criminal law.
Temporal relationship between attitude toward mathematics and mathematics achievement

ABSTRACT This study examined the temporal relationship between attitude toward mathematics and mathematics achievement among first-year secondary (i.e. middle) school students (grade 7, about 14–15 years) with a focus on sex differences in Central Uganda. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models, based on structural equation modeling, were used to analyze data which were collected through students’ questionnaires and mathematics tests at three measurement points. The proportion of variance at the class and school level was larger for the achievement measures than for the attitude measures. At these two levels, also the correlation coefficients between the two constructs were higher for boys than for girls. The study found evidence in support of the reciprocal-effects model as the best-fitting structural model within and across both sexes. Between the first and second measurement points, there was evidence for the self-enhancement model (attitude influencing achievement), while between the second and third points, the skill-development model (achievement influencing attitude) was supported.
Genomic Selection for Forest Tree Improvement: Methods, Achievements and Perspectives

The breeding of forest trees is only a few decades old, and is a much more complicated, longer, and expensive endeavor than the breeding of agricultural crops. One breeding cycle for forest trees can take 20–30 years. Recent advances in genomics and molecular biology have revolutionized traditional plant breeding based on visual phenotype assessment: the development of different types of molecular markers has made genotype selection possible. Marker-assisted breeding can significantly accelerate the breeding process, but this method has not been shown to be effective for selection of complex traits on forest trees. This new method of genomic selection is based on the analysis of all effects of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using a large number of molecular markers distributed throughout the genome, which makes it possible to assess the genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) of an individual. This approach is expected to be much more efficient for forest tree improvement than traditional breeding. Here, we review the current state of the art in the application of genomic selection in forest tree breeding and discuss different methods of genotyping and phenotyping. We also compare the accuracies of genomic prediction models and highlight the importance of a prior cost-benefit analysis before implementing genomic selection. Perspectives for the further development of this approach in forest breeding are also discussed: expanding the range of species and the list of valuable traits, the application of high-throughput phenotyping methods, and the possibility of using epigenetic variance to improve of forest trees.
EXPOSURE OF INFORMATION, FAMILY KNOWLEDGE OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER, AND BEHAVIORS IN IMPLEMENTING ERADICATION OF MOSQUITO NESTS IN SIDOARJO

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is an infectious disease caused by one of four dengue viruses that is transmitted by mosquitoes, especially aedes aegypti and aedes albopyctus. The occurrence of outbreaks in Indonesia caused by various factors, including an environment that is still conducive to the breeding of Aedes mosquitoes, expansion of endemic areas due to the emergence of new residential areas, minimal eradication of mosquito nests, and increased population mobilization.This correlational study uses cross sectional method where the data collection is by distributing questionnaire. The number of samples in this study were three hundred (300) respondents who were drawn using stratified random sampling technique. After the data is collected then tabulated and processed using the Spearman Rho Test with p ≤ 0.05. The statistical test results of the relationship between the level of knowledge and behavior in mosquito nests eradication using the Spearmen rho test showed that p-value = 0.882> α so that it was concluded that there was no relationship between them. While the statistical test results of the relationship between information exposure and behavior mosquito nests eradication using the Spearmen rho test found that there was no relationship between the two variables p value = 0.229> α so it was concluded that there was no relationship between them.The community must be active in seeking information about dengue hemorrhagic fever and increase their participation in eradicating mosquito nests on an ongoing basis both at home and in the surrounding environment. Keywords: Information, Knowledge, DHF, PSN Behavior
COST PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND TIME DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT BRIDGE CHAIN KARANGGENENG NAWACITA CS USING THE EARNED VALUE METHOD

Cost, quality, and time are mandatory targets of construction management; project work can be said to be successful if triple constants cost, quality, and time the construction work of the Karanggeneng Nawacita Cs Suspension Bridge is a JUDESA project APBN project and has a period of 19 weeks working days with a budget of Rp 8.213. 826.000, in the process of implementing the bridge construction, it is not free from several technical and non-technical constraints, the method earned value in this study used to determine Early Warning and integrate the concept of time and cost from the method, it earned value can be seen the progress and performance of the project with SV, CV, SPI, CPI, ECD, and EAC, from this study the results obtained ETC Rp 3.322. 492.617. ETS review of the 14th week is 39 days, and to complete the project is EAC greater than Rp 82.137. 617 of contract costs. While completing the project, EAS is 137 days, requiring additional work time for 12 days. Based on the results of the analysis conducted by the service provider must take appropriate fast action to avoid excessive over budget
Bringing Bathymetry LiDAR to Coastal Zone Assessment: A Case Study in the Southern Baltic

One of the major tasks in environmental protection is monitoring the coast for negative impacts due to climate change and anthropopressure. Remote sensing techniques are often used in studies of impact assessment. Topographic and bathymetric procedures are treated as separate measurement methods, while methods that combine coastal zone analysis with underwater impacts are rarely used in geotechnical analyses. This study presents an assessment of the bathymetry airborne system used for coastal monitoring, taking into account environmental conditions and providing a comparison with other monitoring methods. The tests were carried out on a section of the Baltic Sea where, despite successful monitoring, coastal degradation continues. This technology is able to determine the threat of coastal cliff erosion (based on the geotechnical analyses). Shallow depths have been reported to be a challenge for bathymetric Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), due to the difficulty in separating surface, water column and bottom reflections from each other. This challenge was overcome by describing the classification method used which was the CANUPO classification method as the most suitable for the point cloud processing. This study presents an innovative approach to identifying natural hazards, by combining analyses of coastal features with underwater factors. The main goal of this manuscript is to assess the suitability of using bathymetry scanning in the Baltic Sea to determine the factors causing coastal erosion. Furthermore, a geotechnical analysis was conducted, taking into account geometrical ground change underwater. This is the first study which uses a coastal monitoring approach, combining geotechnical computations with remote sensing data. This interdisciplinary scientific research can increase the awareness of the environmental processes.
Title: Controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) outcomes in Kenyan adults associated with prior history of malaria exposure and anti-schizont antibody response

Background: Individuals living in endemic areas acquire immunity to malaria following repeated parasite exposure. We sought to assess the controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) model as a means of studying naturally acquired immunity in Kenyan adults with varying malaria exposure. Methods: We analysed data from 142 Kenyan adults from three locations representing distinct areas of malaria endemicity (Ahero, Kilifi North and Kilifi South) enrolled in a CHMI study with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites NF54 strain (Sanaria® PfSPZ Challenge). To identify the in vivo outcomes that most closely reflected naturally acquired immunity, parameters based on qPCR measurements were compared with anti-schizont antibody levels and residence as proxy markers of naturally acquired immunity. Results: Time to endpoint correlated more closely with anti-schizont antibodies and location of residence than other parasite parameters such as growth rate or mean parasite density. Compared to observational field-based studies in children where 0.8% of the variability in malaria outcome was observed to be explained by anti-schizont antibodies, in the CHMI model the dichotomized anti-schizont antibodies explained 17% of the variability. Conclusions: The CHMI model is highly effective in studying markers of naturally acquired immunity to malaria. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov number NCT02739763. Registered 15 April 2016
Physical fractions of organic matter and mineralizable soil carbon in forest fragments of the Atlantic Forest

This study determined the physical granulometric fractionation evaluated the mineralizable carbon within and around forest fragments of the Atlantic Forest biome located in the state of Parana. Soil samples were collected at three three internal points of the fragments: the edge (E), the half radius (HR) and the center (CF); and one point in no-tillage system (NTS) areas around the fragments, in four replicates. The contents of total organic carbon (TOC), particulate fraction carbon (C-POM) and mineral fraction (C-MOM) were determined, and the %POM and %MOM and the stocks of POM (StockPOM) and MOM (StockMOM) were calculated, in addition to the indices: carbon stock index (CSI), lability (L), lability index (LI) and carbon management index (CMI), also evaluating CO 2 emission, daily and accumulated. The highest TOC levels were observed in the CF point. The highest C-POM contents were observed in the E and CF points of fragment 1, in the CF point of fragment 2, and the highest C-MOM contents were expressed in the CF points of both fragments. CMI showed a distinct pattern among the fragments. The NTS areas showed lower C-CO 2 emissions, with 39.8% and 28.3% less total emission compared to CF. The results of physical granulometric fractionation show the CF point favors the quality of SOM and the mineralizable carbon analysis indicated that the conversion of native areas into NTS compromises soil microbial activity.
PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA CARANGSARI DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT LOKAL

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam pengembangan Desa Wisata Carangsari di Kecamatan Petang, Kabupaten Badung. Untuk mengungkapnya digunakan analisis kualitatif dimana data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, studi literatur dan FGD (Focus Group Discussion) dengan pemerintah Kabupaten Badung, tokoh masyarakat Desa Wisata Carangsari, akademisi dan praktisi di bidang desa wisata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bentuk partisipasi masyarakat adalah consultation dengan sifat semu dan pasif, masyarakat minim partisipasi dan hanya manfaat ekonomi yang diperoleh. Faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat terbagi dalam dua faktor yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal yakni pemahaman desa wisata, badan pengelola desa wisata, sumber daya manusia dan pemetaan produk unggulan desa. Faktor eksternal yaitu kajian desa wisata, sumber dana dan program pemberdayaan masyarakat serta pemasaran. Model partisipasi masyarakat saat ini mengarah pada top down sementara model alternatif yang ditawarkan merangkai alur ide yang bangkit dari masyarakat bersama pemerintah dan akademisi dalam mengembangkan potensi lokal menjadi daya tarik wisata alam dan budaya yang dikelola oleh Badan Pengelola Desa Wisata dengan harapan mampu memberikan manfaat kesejahteraan ekonomi, revitalisasi budaya lokal dan konservasi lingkungan. Unsur kebaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah tidak semua desa wisata, masyarakatnya berpartisipasi sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi terhadap desa wisata.
Corruption and innovation: the importance of competition

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine how corruption affects the prevalence of product and process innovation by firms.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses firm-level data from the 2012–2016 Business Environment Enterprise Performance Surveys and utilizes a conditional mixed process model to address endogeneity concerns, taking bribery as a measure of corruption.FindingsThe study shows that measures of bribery are positively and robustly associated with innovation but mainly for firms reporting many competitors. The results are stronger for firms reporting more obstacles. Both findings support the inference that bribes facilitate innovation by allowing firms to evade regulatory obstacles.Originality/valueThe current research on corruption's effect on innovation restricts the association to be uniform across the sample, but this study shows that the impact depends on the degree of competition faced by a firm. In addition, the data used in this study cover 30 economies in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, and thus contributes to determining the effects of anticorruption practices in emerging countries.
Unterschiede in der Kastendetermination zwischen den Hummelarten Bombus hypnorum und Bombus terrestris / Differences in the Caste Determination between the Bumblebee Species Bombus hypnorum and Bombus terrestris

In colonies of Bombus hypnorum reared in captivity all intermediate body sizes between worker and queen are produced, the body size being determined by the amount of food for the larvae. Queens are produced, if the larvae are fed sufficiently. In captivity queens are produced at every time of the colony development, if one worker has to feed only two larvae in the maximum. In experiments where queens founded a colony together with workers, the larvae of the first brood also developed into queens. In Bombus terrestris the castes are more differentiated. Workers have a maximal body size and there are no intermediate sizes to the queen size. Larvae are determined alternatively to be workers or queens in the first 3½ days of the development. Experiments with fences show that the queen produces a pheromon which inhibits the workers from rearing new queens. Workers are not able to pass the inhibiting factor from one to another. The inhibition by the queen terminates near the end of the colony development.
The Performance Comparison of a Dual-Ridge Horn Antenna and a Planar Monopole Antenna in the Microwave Breast Cancer Detection

Detection of the breast cancer tumors at an early stage is very crucial for a successful treatment. Microwave measurement systems have gained attention for this aim over the past decades. This paper, firstly mentions the main techniques used for breast cancer detection. Then the microwave measurement system is introduced and the advantages of using microwaves in detection are given. After that, some simulation and experimental studies are presented to detect tumors. The main purposes of these measurements are demonstrating a simple microwave breast cancer detection system and comparing the performances of the previously designed and proposed planar monopole antenna (PMA) to a dual-ridge horn (DRH) antenna in the system. These antennae are ultra-wideband (UWB) and directional. They have a narrow beamwidth and stable directional pattern in the interval of 3-10 GHz. For the measurements, a material with a low dielectric constant to represent the healthy tissue and another material with a high dielectric constant to represent the tumor are used. The return loss results show that the reflection differences for the case of presence and absence of tumor are more apparent in the PMA measurements than the DRH measurements. Hence, according to the results of this study, the performance of the compact-sized PMA is better than the DRH with a larger size. INDEX TERMS Breast cancer, microwave measurement, scattering parameters, ultra-wideband antenna.
Trade-Offs between Sugarcane Straw Removal and Soil Organic Matter in Brazil

Environmental benefits from bioenergy production derived from sugarcane crop residues (straw) can be lost by soil organic matter depletion resulting from excessive straw removal rates from fields. Soil organic carbon stock is the core for sustaining soil health, supporting nutrient cycling, and sequestering carbon dioxide. To find out that how much sugarcane straw can be removed from the field to produce bioenergy without changes in soil C concentrations, we investigated effects of straw removal rates (total, moderate, and no removal of sugarcane straw) on soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in an Oxisol and an Ultisol in southeastern Brazil for two years. Soil C and N fractions were affected by increased rates of straw removal at the second year. In the Oxisol, total straw removal decreased labile and microbial-C by ~30% and soil C stock by 20% compared to no straw removal. No removal decreased microbial-N and total N stock by ~15% and ~20%, respectively. In the Ultisol, no straw removal resulted in increases in C stock by >10% and labile and microbial-C by ~20% related to total straw removal. Total straw removal showed more microbial-N (~10%) and total-N stock (~25%) compared to no straw removal. The moderate straw removal intensity (i.e., 8 to 10 Mg ha−1 of straw) may control the straw-C release to soil by straw decomposition. This study suggests that excessive straw removal rates should be avoided, preventing SOM depletion and consequently, soil health degradation. Moderate straw removal seems to be a promising strategy, but long-term soil C monitoring is fundamental to design more sustainable straw management and bioenergy production systems.