Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of clinical profile and severity of P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria in a tertiary care hospital of Surat, India -

Malaria is endemic in the tropics and subtropics with highest prevalence in Africa followed by Southeast Asia. India contributes 80% of Southeast Asia malaria burden (24 million cases per year). 1 While P. falciparum is prevalent infection in Africa, P. vivax causes majority of burden in India. 2 The proportion of P. vivax and P. falciparum varies in different parts of India. 2 Most of Indo Gangetic plains and northern hilly states, north western India and southern Tamil Nadu have less than 10% of P. falciparum. In the forested area inhabited by ethnic tribes, P. falciparum is recorded as much as 30% 90%, while in the remaining area it ranges from 10% 30%. 2
PHYTOBALNEOTHERAPY ( HAY BATHS ): BETWEEN TRADITION AND MODERN MEDICINE

Italy. Courriel : fioravanti7@virgilio.it 2 Thermal Resort of Garniga Terme, Trento, Italy Phytobalneotherapy is a crenotherapic treatment consisting in immersing oneself in pools of fermenting alpine grass, to exploit its heat and rich aromatic components. The traditional expression “hay baths”, corresponding to the German “Heybaeder”, is actually inappropriate, as notes Barberi in 1993, because in reality for phytobalneotherapy only fresh grass, or perfrigerated grass to avoid desiccation [1], is used. The traditional name, although substantially incorrect, undoubtedly derives from the fact that this procedure was originally linked to haymaking practices. The expressions “grass baths” or more simply “phytobalneotherapy” seem, thus, more accurate. Bathing in fermenting alpine grass for alleviation of “joint pains” is a rather ancient practice traditionally carried out in some areas of Trentino (Italy), Alto Adige (Italy) and Austria. There is some evidence that already at the beginning of the XIX century peasants from some areas of the Dolomites, in the evenings, tired after a whole day haymaking, would lay down on a bed of freshly cut grass, and wake up in the mornings feeling perfectly refreshed and in great shape. Throughout the second half of the XIX century, such folk practice gradually begun to ascertain itself as a cure. In 1871, Dr. Lersh from Aachen in one of his writings on phytobalneotherapy, observed how at Passo degli Occhimi (near Bolzano, Italy) not just peasants during haymaking season, but all who suffered from “joint pains” would submit themselves to these grass baths [3]. Today, only Garniga Thermal Resort, near Garniga Terme (Trento, Italy), still follows the original traditional phytobalneotherapic methods [4-7]. The herbs used for the phytobalneotherapy treatments at this thermal resort come from the Bondone Mountain meadows (Trento, Italy), situated between 1200 and 1500 metres altitudes. This is a special composite blend of different herbs, and amongst the various botanical species comprising the Bondone grass, of note are the woundwort, arnica, Aaron’s beard (or great St. John’s wort), time, carline, pasqueflower, cinquefoil, blueberry, and yarrow [4-10]. Harvesting at these altitudes not only guarantees a peculiar floral mix, but also avoids finding insects such as tics and other parasites, virtually inexistent over 1200 metres above sea level. Mowed, collected and transported down to the valley, the grass is then placed in vats 50 cm thick, where, left to ferment, it develops heat thanks to its particular metabolic
The impact of research and development activity on the TFP level in manufacturing in Poland

Research background: The paper presents the issue of total factor productivity in the manufacturing industry in Poland. It has been assumed that total factor productivity (TFP) is a synthetic measure of efficiency of the production process and a measure of the impact of technical progress on the rate of economic growth. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the paper is to assess the differentiation in the level of total factor productivity (TFP) occurring among the Section C manufacturing divisions in Poland. In particular, the paper raises the issue of measuring and analysing the relationship between expenditure on research and development and the level of TFP in manufacturing divisions in Poland. Methods: In the presented research, the TFP level was determined by using the two-factor Cobb-Douglas production function, while econometric panel models were used to assess the studied relationship. Findings & Value added: The presented considerations show that manufacturing divisions in Poland are diversified in terms of total factor productivity. Generally, manufacturing divisions with high R&D intensity, i.e. divisions classified as so-called high-tech ones, are characterised by a high TFP level. The econometric analysis carried out allows us to conclude that expenditure on R&D incurred in manufacturing enterprises significantly affects the level of TFP.
Response of combined abiotic stresses on maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines and interaction among various stresses

In tropics, maize is largely grown as rain fed crop in marginal areas often faces drought and waterlogging simultaneously in same season that critically affects plant growth and development. The aim of the research was to study the response of combined abiotic stresses and the interaction among various stresses on maize inbred plants. In the present study, eighty maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines were screened, for multiple abiotic stresses at the vegetative stage. All the traits, observed were severely affected, in drought x low-N stress compare to waterlogging x low-N stress. However in both the stress combinations (drought x low-N and waterlogging x low-N) chlorophyll content decreases significantly, low-N stress has synergistic effect on the maize plants. Hence the overall effect of stress combination was negative causing enhanced damage to plants. Whereas, interaction of drought x waterlogging stress showed the antagonized each other response that primarily enhanced growth parameters (leaf area, plant height and stem diameter) and it has improved the tolerant mechanism of maize plants. Therefore we concluded, the response of maize various plants exposed to combinations of stresses is depend on interaction of stresses.
Probing Emergent Semantics in Predictive Agents via Question Answering

Recent work has shown how predictive modeling can endow agents with rich knowledge of their surroundings, improving their ability to act in complex environments. We propose question-answering as a general paradigm to decode and understand the representations that such agents develop, applying our method to two recent approaches to predictive modeling -action-conditional CPC (Guo et al., 2018) and SimCore (Gregor et al., 2019). After training agents with these predictive objectives in a visually-rich, 3D environment with an assortment of objects, colors, shapes, and spatial configurations, we probe their internal state representations with synthetic (English) questions, without backpropagating gradients from the question-answering decoder into the agent. The performance of different agents when probed this way reveals that they learn to encode factual, and seemingly compositional, information about objects, properties and spatial relations from their physical environment. Our approach is intuitive, i.e. humans can easily interpret responses of the model as opposed to inspecting continuous vectors, and model-agnostic, i.e. applicable to any modeling approach. By revealing the implicit knowledge of objects, quantities, properties and relations acquired by agents as they learn, question-conditional agent probing can stimulate the design and development of stronger predictive learning objectives.
Experimental investigation of a hybrid nickel-carbon black polydimethylsiloxane conductive nanocomposite

This paper presents an experimental investigation of single and hybrid carbon black and spiky nickel-filled conductive composite to understand the synergy effect when different types and shapes of fillers are combined in a silicone polymer matrix. The electrical and mechanical properties of the conductive composites are measured under a compressive loading cycle. The results showed that the electrical properties of the hybrid conductive polymer composites have a better repeatability at low filler ratio as compared to the virgin nickel or carbon black composite. The new hybrid composite piezoresistive behavior is similar to a high filler ratio nickel composite. This study provided insights to develop a tailored conductive composite with a low mass-ratio and different morphology of fillers.
Simple and Effective Online Position Error Compensation Method for Sensorless SPMSM Drives

In low-speed sensorless control of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SPMSM), high-frequency (HF) signal injection methods are often used to estimate the rotor position by tracking the motor saliency characterized by the inductances. Cross-saturation effects caused by the load current will influence the inductances, and consequently the saliency, which will introduce position estimation error to the sensorless drive, degrading the drive performance. Such load-dependent position estimation error, which is inherent in HF signal injection sensorless methods, is difficult to be identified by the sensorless algorithm itself. This article proposes a new online method to detect and compensate the load-dependent position estimation error for SPMSM without additional devices or the knowledge of the load-dependent HF inductances. The proposed method can identify effectively the load-dependent position estimation error by simply varying the direction of the current vector. Experimental results are presented to validate the proposed solution.
Reliability and validity of a Japanese translation of the Stress Mindset Measure (SMM-J)

This study developed a Japanese version of the Stress Mindset Measure (SMM-J), which captures individual differences in beliefs on the nature of stress, and investigated its reliability and validity. Study 1 examined the reliability and factor structure of the SMM-J by analyzing survey data of 449 employed adults. The results revealed that the SMM-J was composed of two negatively and strongly correlated factors: harmfulness of stress and usefulness of stress. Study 2 (92 parents), Study 3 (349 undergraduates), and Study 4 (800 employed adults) examined the predictive validity of the SMM-J. The results showed that the SMM-J predicted subjective health and life satisfaction after controlling for the effects of traditional stress factors such as the amount of stress and the coping style. This result is consistent with previous studies. The importance of an appropriate stress mindset is discussed.
Detecting Human Trust Calibration in Automation: A Deep Learning Approach

INTRODUCTION Complicated automated systems are misused and disused by humans, even though the systems provide probable advantages by aiding them in satisfying their tasks (Lee & See, 2004). The misuse (over-reliance) or disuse (under-reliance) of automation was considered as trust of people to automation. For instance, the automated systems tend to be used by people who trust the system than those who do not trust that. More importantly, misuse and disuse of automation often occur when trust of operator in automation is poorly adjusted (Merrit & Ilgen, 2008). Trust calibration is the case by which the operator’s trust of automated system toward automation is adjusted based on the physical system performance and capabilities (McGuirl & Sarter, 2006). Several factors that influence trust calibration have been found, including reliability (Dzindolet et al., 2003), automation errors (Wiegmann et al., 2001), individual differences in the causal attribution of automation errors (Pop et al., 2015), and task difficulty (Madhavan et al., 2006). However, there is still a lack of studies that monitor and detect the trust adjustment of an operator in an automated system by a general quantitative model during their task. There are several reasons for this. First, studies have revealed that changed trust of an operator towards automation can be found (e.g., Dzindolet et al., 2003; Madhavan et al., 2006; Pop et al., 2015; Wiegmann et al., 2001), the adjusted trust was decided only after the task is finished. Second, several models related with prediction of human trust have been suggested mainly using discrete, self-reported behavioral measurements (e.g., Jonker & Treur, 1999) and continuous cognitive signals (e.g., Riedl & Javor, 2012). Neural correlates of trust between humans (e.g., Krueger et al., 2007) and between human and machine (e.g., Desmet et al., 2014; Goodyear et al., 2017) were also studied. But only a few studies investigated neural correlates of trust calibration in automation, in particular using electroencephalograms (EEGs) that have better temporal dynamics than other neuroimaging methods (e.g., fMRI) (e.g., de Visser et al., 2018). Finally, Deep Learning (DL) has been widely applied in many challenging domains owing to its higher success in many applications than existing machine learning. For example, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) has been showing promising performance in neuroergonomics fields (e.g., mental workload (Zhang et al., 2017), motor imagery (Yang et al., 2015)). However, there was almost no research on developing an EEG-based DL method that can detect an operator’s trust calibration in automation dynamically. One of the main goals of the present study was to propose a CNN-based framework to detect human trust calibration in automation using image features of EEG preserving spectral and spatial information. The effectiveness of the proposed framework was validated against a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Deep Neural Network (DNN).
Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of paraganglioma

Neuroendocrine tumors derived from the adrenal medulla and the adrenal gland are called pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL), respectively. PGLs are neuroepithelial cell clusters associated with sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves, and are scattered throughout the body. According to the World Health Organization, the presence of distant metastases indicates malignant PGL. Most PGLs are benign, but their high secretion of catecholamines in the blood is associated with high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and death. Further research on PGL is required to provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the genetics, clinical manifestations, benign and malignant forms, current major diagnostic methods, and progress in the treatment of PGL.
EMISSÕES OTOACÚSTICAS E MEDIDAS DE IMITÂNCIA ACÚSTICA COM TONS DE SONDA DE 226 E 1000 HZ EM LACTENTES Otoacoustic emissions and acoustic immitance measurements using 226 Hz and 1000 Hz probe tones in neonates

PURPOSE: to assess the results found in Immittance measurements using 226 Hz and 1000 Hz in neonates without Hearing Loss Risks Indicators (HLRI) and to correlate them to Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TOAEs) and also to study Acoustic Reflex using 226 Hz probe tones. METHODS: assessments of 52 full - term neonates, being 26 males and 26 females on an age group from 11 to 51 days of life. Anamnesis, Meatoscopy, EOAT, Tympanometry using 226 and 1000 probe tones and Ipsilateral Acoustic Reflex Research were performed. For statistical analysis of the data the following tests were applied: Wilcoxon Test and McNemar, Mann-Whitney Test, Test Qui-Square and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. RESULTS: data were analyzed regardless gender and ears. In relation to TOAEs, (78.8%) were found. The found tympanometric curves using 226 Hz probe tone were: A (55.8%), D (40.4%) and Ar (1%), B (2.9%); and the found ones using 1000 Hz probe tone were: A (74%), D (1%), B (14,4%) and Blocked (10.6%). According to p - value, there was a relation between Tympanometric and general reproductivity. On the sample, 81.7% of the ears indicated presence of Acoustic Reflex. CONCLUSION: tympanometric curve using 1000 Hz probe tone showed to be more adequate for detecting changes in the middle ear than 226 Hz probe tone, changes in the middle ear had influence on amplitude by frequency band and general reproductivity of TOAEs. Acoustic Reflex using 226 Hz probe tone was present in most of the neonates without HLRI.
Cultivable marine fungi from the Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard and their antibacterial activity

ABSTRACT During a research cruise in 2016, we isolated fungi from sediments, seawater, driftwood, fruiting bodies, and macroalgae using three different media to assess species richness and potential bioactivity of cultivable marine fungi in the High Arctic region. Ten stations from the Svalbard archipelago (73–80 °N, 18–31 °E) were investigated and 33 fungal isolates were obtained. These grouped into 22 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) using nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) with acut-off set at 98% similarity. The taxonomic analysis showed that 17 OTUs belonged to Ascomycota, one to Basidiomycota, two to Mucoromycota and two were fungal-like organisms. The nuc rDNA V1-V5 regions of 18S (18S) and D1-D3 regions of 28S (28S) were sequenced from representative isolates of each OTU for comparison to GenBank sequences. Isolates of Lulworthiales and Eurotiales were the most abundant, with seven isolates each. Among the 22 OTUs, nine represent potentially undescribed species based on low similarity to GenBank sequences and 10 isolates showed inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria in an agar diffusion plug assay. These results show promise for the Arctic region as asource of novel marine fungi with the ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties.
Psychological Mind-Set and Student Success: The Importance of Internal Locus of Control in Students Who Overachieve

Improving student success outcomes such as persistence and graduation rates remains a priority for higher education institutions, scholars, and advocates. Recent scholarly work argues for more qualitative work in this area to develop a deeper understanding of the issue and to identify more effective ways to increase college completion rates across all populations. This study examines student success by focusing on an understudied population in the literature: overachievers. We define overachievers as students who matriculate in the lowest quartile of an institution’s standardized test score range but are selected and persist as honors students after their first collegiate semester. This phenomenological study highlights the prevalence of a strong internal locus of control among overachievers. Using Bean and Eaton’s student success model as a framework, we explore how our participants operationalized an internal locus of control to achieve academic success in college and consider how higher education institutions can promote this mind-set and its related practices among students on their campuses.
The impact of seasonal change on river water quality and dissolved metals in mountainous agricultural areas and risk to human health

Abstract Widespread land clearing for agriculture activities, urbanisation, development of hotels and residential areas has rapidly altered the land use in highland areas. These scenarios have continuously degraded the quality of river water in the area and consequently increased the risk of adverse health effects. This study investigated the impact of seasonal change on river water quality and dissolved metals in mountainous agricultural areas and the risk to human health and well-being. Water quality samples were collected from 28 sampling stations along Bertam River, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia during the wet season (September 2017) and dry season (March 2018) in which the physicochemical parameters, including temperature, conductivity, pH, turbidity, DO, salinity, TDS, and TSS were measured. The concentrations of Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn were tested via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the overall mean concentration of all studied metals was significantly higher during the wet season compared to the dry season and the mean concentrations of dissolved metals were higher in the downstream area compared to the upstream area. Accordingly, this study confirmed that the potential sources of pollution in river water originated from agriculture activities related to landslides, land clearance, and soil erosion. The health risk for non-carcinogenic metals in adults and children was found to be within an acceptable level. However, the carcinogenic risk was significant for Cd among adults (male: 3.05 × 10−3, female: 2.97 × 10−3) and children (4.91 × 10−3).
Employees’ Turnover Behaviour of Secretary Firms in Malaysia

Over the years, company secretaries in Malaysia play increasing role and responsibilities due to changing corporate environment that focuses more on money laundering issues and good corporate governance. As a legally named officer in a company, the company secretary is relied upon to play compliance and advisory role. Digitalization also means that company secretaries, who are assigned as e-lodger of all statutory submissions to the Companies Commission of Malaysia, will assume full and sole responsibility to verify all information submitted to the Registrar. While increasing employees turnover rate has become a concern to all corporate entities, professional service based industry such as company secretaries rely heavily on the consistency of services provided. This study attempts to understand organizational behaviour of employees in secretary firms and to identify the most relevant factors contributing to turnover behaviour. This paper uses quantitative methods on samples collected from company secretary firms in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, and models the causal relationship between organizational commitment, perceived organizational support and job satisfaction towards turnover intention. In conclusion, this study finds that job satisfaction and perceived organizational support are two important factors to turnover intention, while organizational commitment is not an important predictor. Furthermore, study shows that improving an employee’s commitment level to the professional industry, such as pursuing membership and qualification with professional company secretary bodies, can reduce turnover behavior significantly.
Midbrain periaqueductal grey modulation trigeminal nociception : relationship to migraine.

Clinical evidence suggests that the midbrain periaqueductal grey (PAG) may play a major role in the headache component of migraine. Genetic studies indicate that migraine may be a calcium channelopathy, but it is unknown in which parts of the brain the channel dysfunction might occur. If affected by a channel dysfunction, such as the P/Q-type abnormalities in familial hemiplegic migraine, brainstem or midbrain regions that modulate nociception might be regions of dysfunction. Therefore, their study might offer insight into the basic neurobiology of migraine. Using the techniques of in vivo electrophysiology and fas immunohistochemistry in an experimental animal model of trigemi no vascular nociception, the studies described in this thesis examine: i. The specific regions of the PAG which functionally modulate trigeminovascular nociception ii. What effect the blockade of P/Q-type calcium channels in the PAG has on trigeminal nociceptive activity iii. Which nuclei in the medulla and pons are involved in PAG modulation of trigeminovascular activity The results demonstrate the ventrolateral region of the PAG (vlPAG) most specifically inhibits trigeminal nociception. The structures in the brainstem that comprise the nociceptive modulatory circuits and their associated autonomic components are involved to varying degree in integrating the modulation of and response to trigeminal nociception by the PAG. P/Q-type calcium channel blockade in the PAG facilitates trigeminal nociception. These studies support a role for the PAG in migraine headache and suggest a functional mechanism by which it could contribute to migraine pathophysiology.