Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antecedents and consequences of perceived fan participation in the decision making of professional European football clubs

ABSTRACT Research question: Several studies suggest that involving fans in the running of their favorite clubs is a relevant matter. This research defines the construct of perceived fan participation in decision making and explores the construct’s antecedents and consequences. Research methods: This research applies a sequence of exploratory and confirmatory methods and uses the German football league Bundesliga as the empirical context. Based on in-depth interviews with 33 football fans, this research defines perceived fan participation and develops a framework of the construct’s antecedents and consequences. Two studies (N = 237 and N = 834) validate the framework and examine its relationships using confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modeling. Results and findings: I define fan participation as a perception of the degree of collective influence that the fans have on their favorite club’s decisions and decision-making processes. The findings suggest that perceived fan recognition, perceived transparency in managerial decisions, and perceived goal congruence between fans and managers positively influence fans’ participation perceptions. The consequences of the construct include acceptance of management decisions, reduced feelings of estrangement from the club and positive extra-role behavior. Implications: I introduce the construct of perceived fan participation and initiate a theory-building process by providing a framework of the construct’s antecedents and consequences. Managers can derive both factors that influence fans’ participation perceptions and important consequences of the concept from the framework.
Heating and Eruption of a Solar Circular-ribbon Flare

We studied a circular-ribbon flare, SOL2014-12-17T04:51, with emphasis on its thermal evolution as determined by the differential emission measure (DEM) inversion analysis of the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly instrument on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Both temperature and emission measure start to rise much earlier than the flare, along with an eruption and formation of a hot halo over the fan structure. In the main flare phase, another set of ribbons forms inside the circular ribbon, and expands as expected for ribbons at the footpoints of a postflare arcade. An additional heating event further extends the decay phase, which is also characteristic of some eruptive flares. The basic magnetic configuration appears to be a fan–spine topology, rooted in a minority-polarity patch surrounded by majority-polarity flux. We suggest that reconnection at the null point begins well before the impulsive phase, when the null is distorted into a breakout current sheet, and that both flare and breakout reconnection are necessary in order to explain the subsequent local thermal evolution and the eruptive activities in this confined magnetic structure. Using local DEMs, we found a postflare temperature increase inside the fan surface, indicating that the so-called EUV late phase is due to continued heating in the flare loops.
Mental Distress in Rural Areas of Indonesia

Background: There is a higher prevalence of mental distress in rural areas compared to urban areas in Indonesia. The rural areas of Indonesia have various socio-demographic and sophisticated cultural characteristics, but less exposed to foreign cultures. Thus, the study about the prevalence, associated factors, and predictors of mental distress in rural areas is necessary.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the population's status and related factors of mental distress in rural areas in Indonesia.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to achieve the aims of the study. An Indonesian version of the Self-Rated Questionnaire, consisting of 20 items, was used to measure mental distress status of population in rural areas in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A number of 872 records were included and analyzed using both univariate and bivariate analyses in this study.Results: The prevalence of mental distress in this population was 6%. The correlated factors of mental distress were age (χ2=6.93, p=0.01), gender (χ2=0.07, p=0.03), occupation (χ2=0.26, p=0.02), housing dimension (χ2=5.45, p=0.02), and illness status (χ2=0.01, p<0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of mental distress in rural areas of Indonesia is relatively lower than that of the national level. Future mental health programs may be focused on improving mental health on the elderly, male, vulnerable workers, overcrowded housing, and people who got a chronic illness.
Endophytic fungi found in association with Bacopa monnieri as potential producers of industrial enzymes and antimicrobial bioactive compounds

This study aimed to screen the endophytic fungal species of ethano-medicinal plant Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell for their ability to produce antimicrobial substances against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Endophytes were also screened for their ability to produce amylase, cellulase, protease and lipase to evaluate their ecological role within the host plant. Twenty-six endophytes were isolated and seventeen were identified. All the isolated endophytes exhibited amylolytic activity. Lipolytic, cellulolytic, proteolytic activity was shown by 98, 28 and 31% isolates, respectively. Similarly, all the endophytes (100%) exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against K. pneumonia, while seventeen endophytes (89.5%) were active against S. aureus. Fourteen endophytes (78.9%) showed significant antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis and C. albicans. Eleven (57.8%), nine (50%), four (21%) endophytes were active against S. typhimurium, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively.
In Vitro Bioactivity and Cell Biocompatibility of a Hypereutectic Bioceramic

Two dense biphasic ceramics, with a hypereutectic composition of 30 wt % CaSiO3–70 wt % Ca3(PO4)2, were synthesized by a solid-state reaction of homogeneous pressed combinations of previously synthesized synthetic CaSiO3 and Ca3(PO4)2 powders. The objective was to produce a dense structure to generate large enough in situ pores for the ceramic to be used in tissue engineering. To develop such a structure, two grain sizes of CaSiO3 were used (63–100 µm and 100–150 μm) and some of their properties were studied in vitro, as they are relevant for tissue engineering. X-ray diffraction analysis, μ-Raman spectroscopy, diametrical compression test, and scanning electron microscopy with elemental mapping showed a coarse-grained homogeneous microstructure for the materials, which consisted of wollastonite (α-CaSiO3) and tricalcium phosphate (α-Ca3(PO4)2), with adequate mechanical properties for implantation. In vitro bioactivity was evaluated in simulated body fluid (SBF) by exploring a hydroxyapatite (HA)-like formation. The results showed that tricalcium phosphate grains dissolved more preferentially than those of wollastonite, but not fast enough to leave a pore before the surface was coated with an HA-like layer after soaking only for three days. Biocompatibility was evaluated by in vitro cell experiments, which showed cell proliferation, adhesion, and spreading on the ceramic surface. This ceramic is expected to be used as a bone graft substitute.
Toward best practice framing of uncertainty in scientific publications: A review of Water Resources Research abstracts

Uncertainty is recognized as a key issue in water resources research, among other sciences. Discussions of uncertainty typically focus on tools and techniques applied within an analysis, e.g., uncertainty quantification and model validation. But uncertainty is also addressed outside the analysis, in writing scientific publications. The language that authors use conveys their perspective of the role of uncertainty when interpreting a claim—what we call here “framing” the uncertainty. This article promotes awareness of uncertainty framing in four ways. (1) It proposes a typology of eighteen uncertainty frames, addressing five questions about uncertainty. (2) It describes the context in which uncertainty framing occurs. This is an interdisciplinary topic, involving philosophy of science, science studies, linguistics, rhetoric, and argumentation. (3) We analyze the use of uncertainty frames in a sample of 177 abstracts from the Water Resources Research journal in 2015. This helped develop and tentatively verify the typology, and provides a snapshot of current practice. (4) We make provocative recommendations to achieve a more influential, dynamic science. Current practice in uncertainty framing might be described as carefully considered incremental science. In addition to uncertainty quantification and degree of belief (present in ∼5% of abstracts), uncertainty is addressed by a combination of limiting scope, deferring to further work (∼25%) and indicating evidence is sufficient (∼40%)—or uncertainty is completely ignored (∼8%). There is a need for public debate within our discipline to decide in what context different uncertainty frames are appropriate. Uncertainty framing cannot remain a hidden practice evaluated only by lone reviewers.
Light and scanning electron microscope investigations on the structure of the proventriculus in Melanogryllus desertus ( Pallas ) ( Orthoptera : Gryllidae )

This study was carried out between the years 2005 and 2008 in the Invertebrate Culture and Research Laboratory at Ege University, Turkey. In this work, we aimed to investigate the proventriculus morphology of Melanogryllus desertus using light and scanning electron microscopy. The general morphology of the proventriculus resembles other Gryllidae species in that sclerotized appendices are arranged in six internal rows. Structurally, sclerotized appendices are composed of a middle tooth and two lateral teeth, both adorned with denticles rounded in shape. Although four middle denticles are found in general, their numbers vary to as many as five or six. In addition, there are sclerotized lobes and sclerotized partitions among sclerotized appendices, and they are densely setose.
Platinum Group Metal-Free Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Applications in Microbial Fuel Cells

Scientific and technological innovation is increasingly playing a role for promoting the transition towards a circular economy and sustainable development. Thanks to its dual function of harvesting energy from waste and cleaning up waste from organic pollutants, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) provide a revolutionary answer to the global environmental challenges. Yet, one key factor that limits the implementation of larger scale MFCs is the high cost and low durability of current electrode materials, owing to the use of platinum at the cathode side. To address this issue, the scientific community has devoted its research efforts for identifying innovative and low cost materials and components to assemble lab-scale MFC prototypes, fed with wastewaters of different nature. This review work summarizes the state-of the-art of developing platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) catalysts for applications at the cathode side of MFCs. We address how different catalyst families boost oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in neutral pH, as result of an interplay between surface chemistry and morphology on the efficiency of ORR active sites. We particularly review the properties, performance, and applicability of metal-free carbon-based materials, molecular catalysts based on metal macrocycles supported on carbon nanostructures, M-N-C catalysts activated via pyrolysis, metal oxide-based catalysts, and enzyme catalysts. We finally discuss recent progress on MFC cathode design, providing a guidance for improving cathode activity and stability under MFC operating conditions.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE INDEPENDENT HISTORIES OF THE HUMAN Y CHROMOSOME AND THE HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL CHROMOSOME

Robert W. Carter, FMS Foundation, 877 Marshall Rd, Waterloo, NY 13165, USA, rcarter@FMSFound.org Stephen S. Lee, Statistical Science Department, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA, stevel@uidaho.edu John C. Sanford, FMS Foundation, 877 Marshall Rd, Waterloo, NY 13165, USA, rcarter@FMSFound.org ABSTRACT The existence of a literal Adam and Eve is hotly debated, even within the Christian body. Now that many full-length human Y (chrY) and mitochondrial (chrM) chromosome sequences have been sequenced and made publicly available, it may be possible to bring clarity to this question. We have used these data to comprehensively analyze the historical changes in these two chromosomes, starting with the sequences of people alive today, and working backwards to the ancestral sequence of the family groups to which they belong. The analyses of the chrY and chrM histories were done separately and in parallel. Remarkably, both analyses gave very similar results. First, the pattern displayed in both datasets supports a massive expansion of the human lineage, with multiple new branches forming from closelyrelated individuals. Second, for both chromosomes, the mutation rate along each branch has not been the same through time. Third, both phylogenetic trees display a starburst pattern that centers around specific historical individuals, nearly all of whom lived in the Middle East. Fourth, we can know with a very high degree of confidence the actual sequences of the historical individuals that gave rise to each branch in both family trees. Fifth, within a reasonable margin of error we can approximate the sequence of Y chromosome Adam/Noah and Mitochondrial Eve. Sixth, given a few reasonable assumptions, we can estimate the time to Y Chromosome Adam/Noah and Mitochondrial Eve. Both individuals lived less than 10,000 years ago, which is most consistent with a biblical timeframe. Lastly, recurrent mutations are extremely common, and many of them are associated with epigenetic CpG sites, meaning mutation accumulation is not free of environmental influence and many mutations may have accumulated in different lineages in parallel. The genetic evidence strongly suggests that Y Chromosome Adam/Noah and Mitochondrial Eve were not just real people, they were the progenitors of us all. In this light, there is every reason to believe that they were the Adam/Noah and Eve of the Bible.
A rumble in the dark: signatures of self-interacting dark matter in supermassive black hole dynamics and galaxy density profiles

We explore for the first time the effect of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) on the dark matter (DM) and baryonic distribution in massive galaxies formed in hydrodynamical cosmological simulations, including explicit baryonic physics treatment. A novel implementation of supermassive black hole (SMBH) formation and evolution is used, as in Tremmel et al., allowing us to explicitly follow the SMBH dynamics at the centre of galaxies. A high SIDM constant cross-section is chosen, σ = 10 cm2gr−1, to amplify differences from CDM models. Milky Way-like galaxies form a shallower DM density profile in SIDM than they do in cold dark matter (CDM), with differences already at 20 kpc scales. This demonstrates that even for the most massive spirals, the effect of SIDM dominates over the adiabatic contraction due to baryons. Strikingly, the dynamics of SMBHs differs in the SIDM and reference CDM case. SMBHs in massive spirals have sunk to the centre of their host galaxy in both the SIDM and CDM run, while in less massive galaxies about 80 per cent of the SMBH population is off-centred in the SIDM case, as opposed to the CDM case in which ∼ 90 per cent of SMBHs have reached their host’s centre. SMBHs are found as far as ∼9 kpc away from the centre of their host SIDM galaxy. This difference is due to the increased dynamical friction time-scale caused by the lower DM density in SIDM galaxies compared to CDM, resulting in core stalling. This pilot work highlights the importance of simulating in a full hydrodynamical context different DM models combined to the SMBH physics to study their influence on galaxy formation.
Are Intermediary Constraints Priced?

Violations of no-arbitrage conditions measure the shadow cost of intermediary constraints. Intermediary asset pricing and intertemporal hedging together imply that the risk of these constraints tightening is priced. We describe a “forward CIP trading strategy” that bets on CIP violations shrinking and show that its returns help identify the price of this risk. This strategy yields the highest returns for currency pairs associated with the carry trade. The strategy’s risk substantially contributes to the volatility of the stochastic discount factor, is correlated with both other near-arbitrages and intermediary wealth measures, and appears to be consistently priced across various asset classes.
Human Memory and Recall: Bridging the Gap between Encoding and Recall of Information

This article/packet includes a proposal that presents that the student is intending to conduct the research on memory encoding by including research questions, a purpose statement, and a problem statement so to give an outline of why such a subject should be researched and/or studied. The literature review is presented secondly as it gives detailed information into the subject of memory, although it summarizes previously published research. Data on Time Decay, certain genes involved in memory encoding, and even experiments replicated from previous researchers are included as well. Lastly, peripheral documents are included as they tie the entire packet together such as the chosen journal publication criteria, the letter to the editor of the journal the author has chosen, and the actual article itself.
Betting on capital gains: housing speculation in Auckland, New Zealand

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine housing speculation in Auckland, New Zealand, the second most unaffordable market in the world. Design/methodology/approach The study considers rental property purchases from 2002 to 2016 within the Auckland region. The authors apply a simple cash flow model that emulates the before-tax investment calculations used during purchasers’ due diligence. From this model, the authors determine whether purchases involved speculation on capital gains or not and the authors estimate the degree of speculation at the transaction level. Findings The authors find that housing speculation in Auckland is endemic and its housing market is a politically condoned, finance-fuelled casino with investors broadly betting on tax-free capital gains. Social implications Although political leaders have decried that the “speculation-driven housing bubble in Auckland is a social and economic disaster”, the government’s main anti-speculation tool – the Income Tax Act’s intention test – sits idle and inoperable. By holstering this key policy tool, politicians foster housing speculation and use residential property investment to buttress New Zealand’s asset-based welfare system. Originality/value The authors develop novel methods to objectively distinguish speculators from genuine investors, measure the speculative pressure applied by individual rental property purchasers and outline an evidence-based approach to operationalise New Zealand’s currently impotent anti-speculation tool, the intention test.
Sticky cost behavior in selling, general, and administrative costs in Indonesian manufacturing companies

Cost response to decreasing activity is often smaller compared to rising costs when there is an increase in activity volume. The phenomenon of the cost response is often referred to as sticky cost behavior. This study aimed to determine whether there was sticky cost behavior in selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) costs of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The observation period was in 2015-2017. The sample used was 258 manufacturing companies selected by using a purposive sampling technique. The type of data used was panel data using quantitative methods in the form of stationary with panel data regression tests with the Generalized Least Square (GLS) model. We found that there was no sticky cost behavior in the SG&A costs of manufacturing companies in Indonesia. This study implies that decision making on a scale of activity in a company is difficult to predict. JEL Classification: C33, G30, J39 How to Cite: Lusiana, & Kristianti, I. (2020). Sticky cost behavior in selling, general, and administrative costs in Indonesian manufacturing companies. Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan, 24(2), 214-224. DOI : https://doi.org/10.26905/jkdp.v24i2. 3195
Governing Infrastructure Networks for a Low Carbon Economy: Co-Evolution of Technologies and Institutions in UK Electricity Distribution Networks

This paper analyses efforts to promote innovation in the UK energy networks sector. Using a case study approach, we chart the co-evolution between technologies and institutions in electricity distribution networks since the introduction of privatization and market liberalization over twenty years ago. It is observed that as a result of macro level institutional dynamics, innovation has become an increasingly important policy and regulatory goal. However, efforts to promote radical and architectural innovation, such as the transition to a smart grid, face significant barriers at the firm and sector levels. It is argued that changes are required to the formal and informal institutions which govern the sector in order to promote a more coherent relationship between technological and institutional change, leading to a productive innovation system which allows firms to collaborate across the electricity value chain and develop inter-firm/cross sector innovation partnerships.
Optimized Schwarz Methods for Anisotropic Diffusion with Discrete Duality Finite Volume Discretizations

We introduce a new non-overlapping optimized Schwarz method for anisotropic diffusion problems. Optimized Schwarz methods take into account the underlying physical properties of the problem at hand in the transmission conditions, and are thus ideally suited for solving anisotropic diffusion problems. We first study the new method at the continuous level, prove its convergence using energy estimates, and also derive convergence factors to determine the optimal choice of parameters in the transmission conditions, both for the case of unbounded and bounded domains. We then present a discretization of the algorithm using discrete duality finite volumes, which are ideally suited for anisotropic diffusion on very general meshes. We prove a new convergence result for the discretized optimized Schwarz method using energy estimates, and then study its convergence numerically using parameters obtained from the continuous analysis. We find that the predicted optimized parameters work very well in practice, and that for certain anisotropies which we characterize, our new bounded domain analysis is important.