Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of skeletal muscle injury on the expression of Laminin and its role in regeneration

Background:Laminins are high-molecular-weight proteins in the extracellular matrix; it is a major component of the basal lamina, influencing cell differentiation, migration, and adhesion. Laminin affects cell growth, besides effects in wound healing and embryonic development.Objective:The present study aims to assess the histological changes taking place during skeletal muscle healing.Methods:The Extensor digitorum longus muscle of 45 male rabbits was set as a skeletal muscle injury model and examined 3&6 weeks after initiation of injury. These animals were divided into three groups control (A) group with no injury, group (B) at 3rdpost-injury week, group (C) at 6th post-injury week. The muscle tissues were prepared and examined histologically using H&E and immunohistochemically using Laminin antibodies. Aperio image scope software is used to analyze immunohistochemical reactivity quantitatively.The degeneration and regeneration process were overlapping with each other both in time and cellular morphological changes. Early myoblast like cell appearance and new myotube formation was recorded during the 3rd week. By the end of the6th-week postoperatively, the muscle histological maturation and muscle fascicles were noticed.Results:Immunohistochemical reactivity of Laminin antibody showed an intense reactivity in the 3rd-week group while a less intense reactivity in the control and 6th-week groups’. A quantitative assessment of Laminin using Aperio soft wear showed that the 3rd-week group has an intensity of 0.724 ± 0.03 pixel, while the 6th week’s group was 0. 321 ± 0.02 pixel and the control groups was 0.293 ± 0.02 pixel. The differences were statistically significant, P-value 0.0001. Conclusion: The process of regeneration is a dynamic type where degeneration andregeneration superimposed each other.
NURADDEEN USMAN MIKO AND KHAMIS YAU

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has becomes major interesting issues over the last decades. Despite popularity and acceptance of the CSR concept over the decades by different stakeholders; again many researchers have true doubt on its validity and criticize it significance in the competitive business environment. As managers should never try to invest more amount on CSR projects due to the fact that they are only agents, therefore; they should not spend any principal (s) amount which decreases profitability. The present study tries to examine the some determinants of corporate social responsibility in the Nigerian listed conglomerates using the samples of 6 conglomerates for the 2010-2016 periods. The study adopted multiple regression in analyzing the data with the aid of STATA package. The findings reveal that ownership concentration, corporate tax and company size have positive and significant impact on CSR. The study recommended that there is need for more regulation on CSR to compel owners and managers to make and disclose expenditure of corporate social responsibility.
MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOME OF ANTEPARTUM HEMORRHAGE AT THREE TEACHING HOSPITALS IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA

BACKGROUND: Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) is an obstetric emergency contributing to a significant amount of perinatal & maternal morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the maternal and perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated by APH in Ethiopian setup. METHODOLOGY: This was a facility based cross sectional descriptive at three teaching hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Pregnant women who were diagnosed to have antepartum hemorrhage and delivered in the three hospitals from January to June, 2018 were included. Data was collected using a structured pre-tested questionnaire by interviewing participants and reviewing medical records. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23 statistical software. RESULT: There were a total of 9,643 deliveries during the study period. The prevalence of APH was 3.7% of all the deliveries. Abruptio placenta was the most frequent cause (n= 221, 2.3%). Cesarean section was the most common route of delivery (n=224, 62.5 %). The perinatal mortality rate was 158/1,000 births. Fifty four (15%) and 52 (14.5%) of the women developed postpartum hemorrhage and anemia, respectively. There was also one maternal death. CONCLUSION: The perinatal mortality, cesarean section rates, postpartum hemorrhage & anemia in APH is high in the hospitals. (The Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health; 2020; 12;12-19) 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Effects of probiotic supplementation on selected health indices among a group of competitive cyclists (effect of probiotic therapy on health indices)

Introduction: In scientific reports from recent years, a significant relationship is clearly indicated between the intestinal microbiota and chronic diseases, and the role of selected probiotic strains is emphasized not only in maintaining good health, but also in achieving optimal physical fitness among athletes. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of supplementation with multi-strain probiotics on selected health indices among professional road cycling competitors. Material and methods: The study group comprised cyclists aged 18-26 (N=26), randomly assigned to 2 subgroups: experimental (n=13) and control (n=13), who were administered a multi-strain probiotic or a placebo for 4 months. The experiment was a double-blinded, randomised trial. Assessment of health status, within the context of analysing selected values of haematological and biochemical indices of the blood, urine and faeces, was performed before the examination, after 1 month, 3 months and following completion of the experiment. Results: The 16-week intervention of supplementation with a probiotic preparation was associated with a change in some biochemical blood indices of the studied men. Decreases in the concentration of total protein and alkaline phosphatase were found. The applied 4-month supplementation did not affect the levels of haemoglobin, glucose, keratin kinase or total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides. Probiotic supplementation contributed to inhibiting the growth of intestinal pathogenic bacteria, simultaneously influencing the growth of selected strains of symbiotic bacteria. The changes in the values of the indices measured before and after the end of the experiment and between the groups, were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The assessed blood indices in both subgroups were within the reference ranges, both before starting the probiotic/ placebo and after the supplementation period. The demonstrated changes in the index values suggest a beneficial effect of the probiotic preparation on the composition of the faecal microbiota.
Brain Re-irradiation for Recurrent Glioblastoma .... Is It Justified?

Background: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV brain tumour with high recurrence rate despite maximum treatment including surgical resection, concurrent chemo-radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. In recurrent tumours, there is no standard treatment available. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients with recurrent GBM who presented to our department in the period between Jan 2017 to Dec 2018 and received reirradiation after tumour recurrence. Data were collected from patient medical records to assess DFS, OAS and toxicity. Results: Totally, 33 patients were enrolled. All cases were re-irradiated to a total dose of 30 Gy in 15 fractions. The overall survival and progression-free survival were significantly better in younger patients with good performance status and small tumour size. Only 2 cases (6.1%) developed deterioration of neurological symptoms. Conclusion: Brain re-irradiation is a feasible and safe treatment option in patients with recurrent GBM. Original Research Article Abozeed et al.; IRJO, 3(1): 1-8, 2020; Article no.IRJO. 55449 2
The Value of Virginity, Prevalence of Premarital Sex, and Vulnerability to Reproductive Health Risks among Young People in Wolaita Sodo town

This research investigates the value of virginity, prevalence of premarital sexual practices, and vulnerability to reproductive health risks among the youth in Wolaita Sodo town. Youth learning both in the primary schools (382) and higher education institution (384) were selected using probability proportionate to size sampling technique. Institutional-based descriptive and explanatory research designs were used in the study. Using a survey method, quantitative data were collected by structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze and present data. Young people in Wolaita Sodo town were found to have a high value to virginity. It is also found that 18.2% of primary school students reported that they engaged in premarital sexual practice which is lower than the rate found among the University students (33.2%). Out of the respondents who reported to have had premarital sex, 38% of primary school students and 59.8% of University students disclosed that they have sexual relationships only with a single partner whereas 20% of primary school students and 19.5% of University students reported that they have five and above life-time sex partners. In addition, primary school students have been found to be better in terms of engaging in less risky premarital sexual practices compared to their University students counterparts (59.8% to 62% in regular condom use; 56% to 55.2% in undertaking HIV testing before engaging in sexual practices, respectively). While being female (r=.181, P<.01), never married (r=.174, P<0.01), and coming from an urban area (r=187, P<0.01) are positively associated to value of virginity, being female is negatively associated to premarital sexual experience (r=-.429, P<0.01). With relatively low level of premarital sexual practices, regular condom use, and better experience of undergoing voluntary HIV testing before sexual intercourse, youth in Wolaita Sodo town are less vulnerable to reproductive health risks. But, the finding regarding the presence of more than one life-time sexual partners among the respondents may enhance their vulnerability to various reproductive health risks.
The Effect of Fertigation and Foliar Application of Seaweed’s Bio Stimulant on Banana Yield

In order to shed light on the effect of the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) bio stimulant on the banana fruit, foliar application (Fo), fertigation(F1) and a mix of both interventions (M) were done during 2018-2019 season on banana plants grown in South Lebanon compared with control (Ctrl). The period between flowering and harvest, the bunch weight, the weight and dimensions of fruit, were measured during the study. The results showed that the shortest period between flowering and harvest was observed on samples treated through foliar application (Fo), less with fertigation and then the mix of both (M). Those treatments were very effective in stimulating the weight of bunch and length of fruit, while a significant increase in the weight of fruit was noticed when both applications were done together (M). All treated modalities showed better performance compared with control. There was no difference in the diameter of fruit between all treatments. Therefore, the application of eco-friendly seaweed-based bio stimulant would be beneficial for the time of harvesting, and the size of banana fruits.
Tactics of Influence and Deinfluentization, Personality and the Personal Sense of Power Among Polish Managers

Power in organizations creates interpersonal settings and lays the ground for designating individual roles and positions of superiors and subordinates. In such a context, influence tactics are situationspecific behaviors used to change the behavior of others and achieve organizational goals. The notion that power and influence can be based on personal or positional variables was used to design the framework of the present studies intended to describe how traitand state-like variables are related to influence tactics and deinfluentization. The subjects were 250 Polish managers. Study 1 (n = 250) was undertaken to collect data about the influence tactics of Polish managers to fill the void in information in the field of social psychology in organizations. In Study 2 (n = 104) we correlated influence tactics with the personal sense of power. The results proved that the perception of having the ability to exert power over others was positively related to rational persuasion, apprising, and pressure. In Study 3 (n = 69) we investigated the relationships of influence tactics and deinfluentization with the Big Five and directiveness. The results showed that Neuroticism was positively correlated with pressure, legitimating, and coalition, but negatively with rational persuasion and consultation. Extraversion was positively correlated with rational persuasion, so was Conscientiousness. Agreeableness was negatively related to coalition. Directiveness was in a positive relation with pressure but correlated negatively with personal appeals. Deinfluentization positively correlated with Agreeableness and negatively with directiveness.
Remineralization of a Dystric Ferralsol Using Basalt and Tephra Dusts, Effective Microorganisms Manure and NPK 20-10-10 for Radish (Raphanus sativus) Production in Bamougoum (Cameroon Western Highlands)

1. Department of Geology, Higher Teacher Training College Bambili, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box. 39, Bambili, Cameroon 2. Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box. 222, Dschang, Cameroon 3. Departmentment of Mining and Mineral Engineering, National Higher Polytechnic Institute, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box. 39, Bambili, Cameroon 4. Department of Biology, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box. 39, Bambili, Cameroon
Users Acceptance of E-Government System in Sintok, Malaysia: Applying the UTAUT Model

E-government services have become a vital tool to provide citizens with more accessible, accurate and high-quality services and information. E-government system provides an efficient dissemination of information to people and eases people to communicate directly with government services. The utilization of ICT through e-government enhancing efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery in the public sector. The system is regarded as one of the vital elements to be a developed country. The application of e-government indicates the readiness and ability of the nation utilizing technology within public administration periscope. Although the Malaysian government has introduced e-government for many years, its acceptance still not very high. Therefore, this paper studies the key factors of Malaysian citizens’ in Sintok, Kedah, a semi- rural area on approval on e-government services based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and the Use of Technology (UTAUT Model). The survey data was collected from 83% respondents to measure people understanding and awareness toward e-government system. The results show that there is an excellent understanding among Malaysian towards e-government system.
Awareness and Utilization of Reproductive Rights Among the Women of Reproductive Age in Kapan VDC, Nepal

The awareness and utilization of reproductive right and health is not satisfactory in developing countries including Nepal. This study aimed to assess the awareness and utilization of reproductive rights among women of reproductive age having at least one child. Descriptive study was conducted among 101 married women of reproductive age having at least one child and residing in Kapan VDC, Ward No. 1, Kathmandu, during the year 2010 by using non-probability purposive sampling method and semistructured Nepali interview questionnaires through home visits. Of the total 101 respondents, most of them (26.5%) were of age group 35-39 years (mean age=33 years) from different ethnic groups and religions. Most were simply literate (38.6%). Of the total, 68.3% were aware of reproductive right with commonest response being family planning (30.4%). The percentages of aware respondents towards sex education, right marriage age, ideal pregnancy age, proper birth spacing and safe abortion were 59.4%, 83.2%, 98.0%, 99.0% and 66.3%, respectively. Furthermore, 38.6% got sex education (51.2% in proper age), 34.6% got married at the right age, 56.4% conceived at right age (29.7% on own will), 78.2% of them utilized any family planning methods of which 35.6% of respondents decided themselves for family planning and 77.2% maintained proper birth spacing. Moreover, 43.6% respondents did abortion due to no desire of child (36.4%) and 34.1% decided themselves for abortion. Furthermore, 65.3% respondents did ≥4 ANC visits, 52.5% delivered at health institution, 53.5% respondents did proper PNC visits with 70.3% respondents deciding themselves for PNC. The associations between awareness and utilization for Family Planning, ANC visit, PNC visit and abortion right were statistically significant (p<0.05) except for institutional delivery. Awareness and utilization of reproductive rights in the study population is higher with significant statistical associations. Similar studies in large scale are necessary for generalization of the results.
Examining stakeholder involvement in the evaluation process for program improvement

The results of an evaluation should be used for the envisioned goal and the evaluation process and/or outcomes should be used in practice and decision making. This article presents research whose objective was to establish the extent to which stakeholder involvement in evaluations impacts the utilization of evaluation findings for program improvement. Guided by the pragmatic paradigm and supported by the Utilization-Focused Evaluation Model and Knowledge Use Theory, the researchers assumed a descriptive and correlational design using mixed methods. The sample size for this study was 232 project staff from Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Kisumu Central Sub-County, Kenya. To analyse qualitative data, the open-ended responses from key informant interviews were recorded and coded appropriately for further analysis for themes through content analysis and comparative analysis. Frequencies and percentages were calculated to describe the basic characteristics of the quantitative data. To ensure the validity and reliability of the research instruments, pilot testing was conducted. Cronbach’s alpha at α = 0.908 was attained as the reliability coefficient of the pre-test instruments. Tests of statistical assumptions were carried out before data analysis to avoid invalidation. A hypothesis was tested at the α = . 05 level of significance and was rejected. The findings demonstrate that there is a significant relationship between stakeholder involvement in evaluations and the utilization of evaluation results. This research, therefore, reinforces literature and helps to understand the ways in which stakeholder involvement in evaluations influences the utilization of evaluation results. It informs the evaluation field of study, fills gaps in the evaluation use literature, and contributes to the appreciation of factors that predict and enhance the utilization of evaluation results © 2020 by the authors. Licensee SSBFNET, Istanbul, Turkey. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Quantifying location error to define uncertainty in volcanic
mass flow hazard simulations

Abstract. The use of mass flow simulations in volcanic hazard zonation and mapping is often limited by model complexity (i.e. uncertainty in correct values of model parameters), a lack of model uncertainty quantification, and limited approaches to incorporate this uncertainty into hazard maps. When quantified, mass flow simulation errors are typically evaluated on a pixel-pair basis, using the difference between simulated and observed (actual) map-cell values to evaluate the performance of a model. However, these comparisons conflate location and quantification errors, neglecting possible spatial autocorrelation of evaluated errors. As a result, model performance assessments typically yield moderate accuracy values. In this paper, similarly moderate accuracy values were found in a performance assessment of three depth-averaged numerical models using the 2012 debris avalanche from the Upper Te Maari crater, Tongariro Volcano as a benchmark. To provide a fairer assessment of performance and evaluate spatial covariance of errors, we use a fuzzy set approach to indicate the proximity of similarly valued map cells. This fuzzification of simulated results yields improvements in targeted performance metrics relative to a length scale parameter, at the expense of decreases in opposing metrics (e.g. less false negatives results in more false positives) and a reduction in resolution. The use of this approach to generate hazard zones incorporating the identified uncertainty and associated trade-offs is demonstrated, and indicates a potential use for informed stakeholders by reducing the complexity of uncertainty estimation and supporting decision making from simulated data.
Cytogenetic effects of Naphthalene Acetic Acid and Benzylaminopurine in Meristematic Cells of Onion Roots

This study aimed to investigate the cytogenetic effects of two plant plant growth regulator as, naphthalene acetic acid(NAA)and benzylaminopurine(BAP)in root meristematic cells of onion.The categories of mitotic index rate , as well as, chromosomal aberrations and types of metaphase disturbance were comparatively analyzed after germinated the onion in different concentrations of each hormone.Both hormones stimulated cell division and have aneugenic potential by acting as spindle posion via disturbed the correct separation of chromosomes to the opposite cell poles.The highest percentage of irregular cell shape was induced by five ppm of NAA.The treatments of BAP appeared a dose – response for increasing the percentage of extended cells.All treatments increased the percentage of chromosomal abnormalities above the control group.The most dominant phenotypes of abnormalities were binucleate cells, ghost cells, vacuolated nuclei, necrosis and extended cells, which reflected the toxicity of phytohormones leading to cell death.The most dominant cytological irregularities were c-mitosis, diagonal cells, bridges at ana-telophase, chromosomal breaks and stickness which indicates clastogenic potential of these hormones.Abnormalities induced reflected the action of stimulators on the spindle apparatus such as c-metaphase, laggards chromosomes and multipolar of ana-telophases.All treatments changed the percentage of mitotic index such decreased by NAA or increased by BAP in relation to control.The decline in mitotic index reflected the inhibition of DNA synthesis. Prophase cells declined, meanwhile metaphase and anaphase cells were increased in relation to control.It can be concluded that phytohormones caused toxic effects on the eukaryotic cells via induced different types of irregular mitosis as shown in this study.