Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Promising Therapeutic and Preventive Properties of Anthocyanidins/Anthocyanins on Prostate Cancer

As water-soluble flavonoid derivatives, anthocyanidins and anthocyanins are the plants pigments mostly rich in berries, pomegranate, grapes, and dark color fruits. Many bioactivity properties of these advantageous phytochemicals have been reported; among them, their significant abilities in the suppression of tumor cells are of the promising therapeutic features, which have recently attracted great attention. The prostate malignancy, is considered the 2nd fatal and the most distributed cancer type in men worldwide. The present study was designated to gather the preclinical and clinical studies evaluating potencies of anthocyanidins/anthocyanins for the treatment and prevention of this cancer type for the first time. In general, findings confirm that the anthocyanins (especifically cyanidin-3-O-glucoside) indicated higher activity against prostatic neoplasms compared to their correlated anthocyanidins (e.g., delphinidin); in which potent anti-inflammatory, apoptosis, and anti-proliferative activities were analyzed. Complementary anti-prostate cancer assessment of diverse naturally occurred anthocyanidins/anthocyanins and their synthetically optimized derivatives through preclinical experiments and eventually confirmed by clinical trials can promisingly lead to discover natural-based chemotherapeutic drug options.
Pyrolysis of Sewage Sludge: Physical, Chemical, Morphological and Mineralogical Transformations

The sewage sludge (SS) use in agriculture has been limited by the Brazilian legislation to a few situations, mainly as a precautionary measure due to inorganic pollutants and pathogens. Thus, a large amount of SS has been accumulated in landfills, with no prospect of use, generating great concern for governments and society. Thermal treatment via pyrolysis has stood out as an option for SS recycling, transforming it into a carbon-rich product known as SS biochar (SSB). Biochar from SS showed good potential to be used for agricultural and environmental purposes. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of pyrolysis at 300°C on the physical, chemical, morphological and mineralogical characteristics of SSB. In general, pyrolysis increased total carbon, total nitrogen, macro and micronutrient contents, except potassium. Pyrolysis also increased heavy metals (HMs) concentration in SSB. However, HMs values remained below the maximum limits allowed according to the legislation on SS agricultural use. X-ray analysis showed that both SS and SSB present silica (SiO2) as the main mineral. Pyrolysis also increased the SS surface area (SA) and porosity. In general, results of the present study prove showed that pyrolysis is a technological alternative to enable SS use as a sustainable input in agriculture.
Coronavirus-Related Health Literacy: A Cross-Sectional Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an overabundance of valid and invalid information to spread rapidly via traditional media as well as by internet and digital communication. Health literacy (HL) is the ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply health information, making it fundamental for finding, interpreting, and correctly using COVID-19 information. A cross-sectional study of a sample of 3500 participants representative of the Italian adult population aged 18+ years was conducted in Italy in 2021. A validated HL questionnaire was employed, including sections on coronavirus-related HL, general HL, sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and respondents’ lifestyle. Of our sample, 49.3% had “excellent” levels of coronavirus-related HL and 50.7% had “sufficient” (20.7%) or “limited” (30.0%) levels. Although the overall HL-COVID level was high, many participants reported difficulties dealing with COVID-19 information; in particular, participants older than 65 years, with a low education level, living in southern regions of Italy, and with high financial deprivation. Targeted public information campaigns and the promotion of HL are required for better navigation of health information environments. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to improve HL and to prepare the general population for future emergency and non-emergency situations, confirming that HL can be considered a social vaccine.
Protein Digestion Kinetics Influence Maternal Protein Loss, Litter Growth, and Nitrogen Utilization in Lactating Sows

Body protein losses in lactating sows have a negative impact on sow and litter performance. Improving dietary amino acid utilization may limit protein mobilization. The effects of dietary protein kinetics on sow body condition loss, blood plasma metabolites, and plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and also on litter gain during lactation, were investigated in this study. In total, 57 multiparous sows were fed one of three lactation diets with the same crude protein level: low level of slow protein diet (LSP) (8% slowly degradable protein of total protein), medium level of slow protein diet (MSP) (12% slowly degradable protein of total protein), or high level of slow protein diet (HSP) (16% slowly degradable protein of total protein) in a complete block design. Our results showed that HSP sows lost the least body weight compared to MSP and LSP sows (11.9 vs. 17.3 and 13.5 kg, respectively; p = 0.01), less body protein than MSP sows (1.0 vs. 2.1 kg; p = 0.01), and tended to lose less loin muscle thickness than LSP sows (1.7 vs. 4.9 mm; p = 0.09) between Day 2 to Day 21 post-farrowing. LSP sows had greatest plasma urea level on Day 6 than MSP and HSP sows (4.9 vs. 3.6 and 3.1 mmol/L, respectively; p < 0.01) and on Day 13 (5.6 vs. 4.1 and 3.7 mmol/L, respectively; p < 0.01). HSP sows had the lowest plasma urea level at Day 20 compared to LSP and MSP sows (4.0 vs. 5.5 and 4.9 mmol/L, respectively; p < 0.01). The average plasma urea level of Days 6, 13, and 20 post-farrowing was negatively correlated with slow protein intake (r = −0.49, p < 0.01). Litter gain, milk composition, and nitrogen output to the environment did not differ significantly among the treatment groups. Therefore, the dietary protein kinetics affected mobilization of maternal reserves in multiparous sows during lactation, with a high fraction of slow protein-sparing protein mobilization.
Prevalence of pks genotoxin among hospital-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae

The pks genotoxic K. pneumoniae has recently triggered a widespread alarm. DNA damage and higher virulence have been linked to colibactin, a genotoxin expressed by the pks genomic island. Little is known about its molecular epidemiology in clinical isolates from Egypt. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and the microbiological and clinical features of pks harboring hospital-acquired K. pneumoniae isolates from Egypt. Eighty-seven hospital-acquired K. pneumoniae isolates from various specimen types were screened for pks colibactin island markers clbB, clbQ, clbA, and clbN by PCR. The pks-positive hvKp isolates were classified to one of the capsular types K1 and K2 using multiplex-PCR targeting K-serotype wzi and rmpA genes. The prevalence of pks+ strains was 27.6% (24/87). K1 capsular type, phenotypic, and genotypic hypervirulent isolates were significantly higher among pks+ strains than pks− strains (P < 0.001), while pks+ K. pneumoniae strains were found to be significantly less resistant to 8 of the antibiotic compounds tested than pks− strains. Carriage of K1 capsular type and mucoviscosity-associated rmp A gene and diabetes mellitus were identified to remain independent risk factors having a substantial association to pks-positivity by multivariate regression analysis. In conclusion, Hospital-acquired K. pneumoniae isolates in Egypt had an increased prevalence of the pks colibactin genotoxin. The significant occurrence of hypervirulent determinants in pks+ K. pneumoniae highlighted the genotoxin's possible pathogenicity combined with its distribution in several specimen types, which necessitates clinical attention and epidemic tracking.
DEVELOPING THE STATISTICAL PROBLEM POSING AND PROBLEM REFINING SKILLS OF PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS

Recent approaches to statistics education situate the teaching and learning of statistics within cycles of statistical inquiry. Learners pose questions, plan, and collect, represent, analyse and interpret data. We focus on the first step – posing statistical questions. Posing statistical questions is a critical step as questions inform the types of data collected, determine the representations used, and influence the interpretations that can be made. We report on an investigation of 158 prospective elementary teachers as they design statistical questions to support group comparisons. Support was provided through implementation of three phases of question development (think, peer-feedback, and expert-feedback). We describe the features of initial statistical questions posed, examine refinements made to statistical questions, and evaluate the effectiveness of both peer and expert feedback. Our study reveals that generating adequate statistical questions is particularly complex and requires considerable time, targeted feedback, and support. With appropriate support, in the form of peer and expert feedback provided within a three-phase question design scenario, prospective elementary teachers could generate adequate statistical questions suitable for use in primary classrooms. While this study provides compelling evidence to support the use of expert feedback, further research is required to identify the best ways to support prospective teachers in both providing and implementing peer-feedback.
What Is in Your Shark Fin Soup? Probably an Endangered Shark Species and a Bit of Mercury

Simple Summary Shark fin soup is consumed by many Asian communities throughout the world and is one of the main drivers of the demand for shark fin. The demand for shark products has seen shark populations decline by as much as 70%. The fins found in soups break down into a fibrous mass meaning that identifying the species of shark that a fin came from is impossible by visual methods. Here, we use molecular techniques to identify the species of sharks found in bowls of soup collected in Singapore. We identified a number of endangered species in the surveyed soups, and many of these species have been shown to contain high levels of mercury, a potent neurotoxin. It is highly likely that consumers of shark fin soup are consuming levels of mercury that are above safe allowable limits, and at the same time are contributing to the massive declines in global shark populations. Abstract Shark fin soup, consumed by Asian communities throughout the world, is one of the principal drivers of the demand of shark fins. This near USD 1 billion global industry has contributed to a shark population declines of up to 70%. In an effort to arrest these declines, the trade in several species of sharks is regulated under the auspices of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Despite this legal framework, the dried fins of trade-regulated sharks are frequently sold in markets and consumed in shark fin soup. Shark fins found in soups break down into a fibrous mass of ceratotrichia, meaning that identifying the species of sharks in the soup becomes impossible by visual methods. In this paper, we use DNA barcoding to identify the species of sharks found in bowls of shark fin soup collected in Singapore. The most common species identified in our samples was the blue shark (Prionace glauca), a species listed as Near Threatened on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List with a decreasing population, on which scientific data suggests catch limits should be imposed. We identified four other shark species that are listed on CITES Appendix II, and in total ten species that are assessed as Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Globally, the blue shark has been shown to contain levels of mercury that frequently exceed safe dose limits. Given the prevalence of this species in the examined soups and the global nature of the fin trade, it is extremely likely that consumers of shark fin soup will be exposed to unsafe levels of this neurotoxin.
Asexual identity development and internalisation: a scoping review of quantitative and qualitative evidence

ABSTRACT Individuals who do not experience sexual attraction and adopt an asexual identity are the focus of increasing amounts of psychological and sociological research. A scoping review was conducted to identify current knowledge of asexuality and components of asexual identity development and internalisation that emerge within literature. Findings from 29 articles were analysed and formed into themes that best describe the key events and sense-making processes underlying identity development, such as coming-out, the reactions of others and how asexuals interpret their identity. These findings indicate that heteronormativity and compulsory sexuality play a role in how individuals internalise their asexuality, which in turn, shapes their identity development. Despite this, considerable gaps in the literature concerning partner relationships, stigmatisation, isolation and the impact that this has on asexuals’ wellbeing continue to exist. Thus, future research should examine the challenges faced by asexuals such as identity development within a heteronormative and allonormative context and the resources available to ameliorate them.
PEMBERDAYAAN PARTISIPATIF DALAM MEMBANGUN KEMANDIRIAN EKONOMI DAN PERILAKU WARGA MASYARAKAT (Studi Pada Bank Sampah Wargi Manglayang RT 01 RW 06 Kelurahan Palasari Kecamatan Cibiru Bandung)

Implementation of participatory empowerment in the Bank's Trash Wargi Manglayang interesting to study because the condition is something that is relatively new on the empowerment skill of rubbish, empowerment activities that survive, understanding and skills of people who are still lacking, the utilization of natural resources, and still needs to be studied and given input in accordance with the main task and has not done much study on the participatory empowerment Waste Bank. The aim of research is to know about the implementation, achievement of results in building economic independence and behavior of citizens and mentoring. This study is based on the concepts and theories that the concept of community empowerment, independence, empowerment in terms of PNF, participatory, and the concept of Trash Bank. This study used a qualitative approach using qualitative descriptive method of the case. Data collection techniques used are observation, interview, and documentation study. The subjects included nine people consisting of the Bank's management Garbage, citizens and local authorities, as well as triangulation were performed on Waste Bank expert teams. Results of the study, among others; 1) the implementation of which has been running well characterized by the participation of community members in planning activities, socialization and meetings, implementation, extension and training, as well as participation in activities Waste Bank; 2) achievement of the results indicate the occurrence of a change of economic independence of citizens can be seen from the increase in revenue from savings garbage and the garbage processing business of craft; 3) the change in behavior of residents can be seen from the activities of people who are no longer dispose of waste, protecting the environment, depositing garbage and participation in social activities and Development; and 4) facilitation undertaken manager has done characterized by facilitation, strengthening, protection and support. From the results of research on participatory empowerment in building economic independence and the behavior of residents can be concluded already well under way which can be demonstrated by the participation of citizens, economic change characterized by an increase in revenue and have a business, the change of behavior of citizens towards the trash and has done mentoring by managers.
Langerhans Cells, T Cells, and B Cells in Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Leukoplakia

Although oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral leukoplakia (LPL) have different pathogenetic profiles, both may involve chronic inflammation. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the inflammatory cell profiles of OLP and LPL. The inflammatory cell infiltrates in patients with OLP and LPL were analyzed for the presence of Langerhans cells (LCs; CD1a), T cells (CD3), and B cells (CD20), as well as for the proliferation marker Ki-67. Biopsied specimens from patients with OLP (N = 14) and LPL without dysplasia (N = 13) were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies directed against CD1a, CD3, CD20, and Ki-67, followed by quantitative analyses. A significant increase in the number of CD3+ cells and CD20+ cells was found in the submucosa of OLP, as compared to LPL (p < 0.01). Likewise, the number of CD3+ cells was significantly higher in the epithelium of OLP than of LPL (p < 0.05). No differences were found in the expression of Ki-67 and the number of CD1a+ cells between the two groups. Although an immune response is elicited in both conditions, there are differences at the cellular level between OLP and LPL. A more robust immune activation involving T cells and B cells is seen in OLP. The role of B cells in OLP needs to be further elucidated. Although the number of B cells in LPL is low, their role in the inflammatory response cannot be ruled out.
Assessment of the shoreline evolution using the CORONA declassified images. A case study in the north of Ilia prefecture, Peloponnese, Greece

Abstract. A valuable archive of multiresolution imagery covering the period from 1960 to 1980 has been declassified by the United States of America (USA) government on February 22, 1995, and became available for sharing to the scientific community. This imagery is part of USA’s top-secret program with the codename “CORONA” that ran since the Cold War. We tried to assess the accuracy of the declassified datasets and estimate if they can be used in synergy with classical aerial photos to estimate the future shoreline position. Furthermore, their contribution to estimating the shoreline’s long-term changes using statistical tools such as the linear regression rate was examined. Two elongated coasts located in the Pinios and Andravida/Kyllini Municipalities located in the north of Ilias Prefecture, Peloponnese, Greece, were used as test sites. Two models were used that compared the actual and the forecasted. The results show that erosion prevails in the coastal area of the Pinios and Andravida/Kyllini municipalities with a mean EPR rate ranging from −0.16 to −0.43 m / y and from −0.18 to −0.31 m / y according to the actual and the forecasted models, respectively. Moreover, the respective maximum erosion rates are −1.15 and −1.57 m / y (actual model) and −2.04 and −1.89 m / y (forecasted model), whereas the maximum accretion rates are +0.76 and +1.02 m / y (actual model) and +1.68 and +2.00 m / y. The declination of the CORONA declassified imagery ranges from 2.63% to 6.62% in the Andravida/Kyllini territory and from 6.53% to 22.38% in the Pinios area. These results were cross-validated, using the R-squared rates, the root mean square error, and the mean annual error (MAE) statistical techniques. The MAE presented a better correlation as it provided equal rates (0.31 m / y) for both of the EPR datasets.
Readiness to Implement Evidence-Based Practices in Public Elementary Schools: Findings from a National Survey of Teachers

P ublic elementary schools support children’s behavioral and social development in addition to providing their education, and they do so for students with a diverse set of needs (Allensworth et al., 2011). The quality of practices used by teachers and school staff is of critical importance in meeting those needs. Elementary schools are also important because students’ experiences there predict their subsequent academic performance and adult outcomes, such as employment, criminality, and interpersonal stability (Berkowitz et al., 2017; Hernandez, 2011; Jones, Greenberg, and Crowley, 2015). Given the importance of public elementary schools, there is a long history of initiatives promoting their effectiveness, one of which is the increasing emphasis on the use of evidence-based practices (EBPs) by elementary school teachers (Gross, 2016). School-based EBPs are practices that have been shown through rigorous research to improve targeted student outcomes when delivered by teachers or other professionals in the education setting (Slavin, 2002; Thomas and Pring, 2004). Numerous education scholars have recognized that research on EBPs should inform educational policies and practices C O R P O R A T I O N
Mechanical Pruning of ‘Clemenules’ Mandarins in Spain: Yield Effects and Economic Analysis

Pruning is one of the most expensive tasks in citrus production, and its mechanization could increase the productivity and competitiveness of citrus farms. The effect of mechanical pruning on yield depends on the variety, crop condition, and location; among other factors. The ‘Clemenules’ mandarin variety is one of the most important ones; therefore, the aim of this work was to study the effects of twelve pruning strategies on ‘Clemenules’ yield over four years, and to conduct an economic analysis. These strategies included fully manual pruning, annual alternation of mechanical/manual pruning, mechanical pruning with manual follow-up, and fully mechanical pruning with different types of cuttings. The results showed that pruning strategies affected the yield and fruit size in some years of the study but not when the four years overall are considered. Strategies that annually alternated mechanical pruning with manual pruning had higher yields than the fully mechanical approaches, and similar yields to the manual and control (no pruning) strategies. Furthermore, although the mechanical pruning costs per hectare were as minimum two times less than those with manual pruning, higher net value was achieved with the manual pruning approach followed by alternate annual mechanical/manual pruning. In conclusion, after four years of study, the pruning strategy with the best global results for ‘Clemenules’ mandarin was that which involved annually alternating mechanical (topping and one-sided hedging) and manual pruning. This strategy allows maintaining regular tree dimensions without dry branches inside.
Initiation of breeding programs for three species of Corymbia: Introduction and provenances study

The objective of this study was to establish populations to start the breeding program of three species of Corymbia that are not widely planted in Brazil yet. To this end, basic density, bark content and growth of seedlots/provenances were evaluated three years after planting. The experiments consisted of 14 treatments for Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata (CCV), 15 for C. maculata (CM), and five for C. henryi (CH). The species exhibited high survival, indicating adaptation to the Cwa climate while average coefficients of determination of seedlots exhibited intermediate values. The CCV from the Richmond Range (28o 55’ S) exhibited the highest productivity. The mean annual increment was low (22 to 26 m3ha-1), but the basic density (573 to 613 kg m-3) was high compared to the standard for eucalypts in Brazil. The bark content was close to 15% and varied between and within species.