Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolating And Representing Processes AffectingPesticide Partitioning

We evaluated a laboratory technique to isolate intrinsic processes controlling pesticide partitioning between infiltration, runoff and sediment. The laboratory technique provided controlled test conditions and reproducible results on processes affecting partitioning of rainfall, runoff, and pesticides at the soil surface, and sediment and pesticide transport. Atrazine and chlorpyrifos half-life values determined prior to simulating rainfall from corresponding concentrations in the 0-1 cm soil layer were 30 and 10 d. Atrazine, chlorpyrifos, and 2,4-D concentrations remaining in the 0-1 cm surface layer decreased logarithmically with rainfall duration. Atrazine and 2,4-D concentrations in the 0-1 cm layer were positively correlated with those associated with splash (S), runoff (R), and sediment yield (E) (R =0.69-0.99). Relationships for all pesticide concentrations in the 0-1 cm layer and infiltration (INF) were negatively correlated. Relatively poor correlations (R =0.10-0.63) were found between chlorpyrifos and corresponding concentrations in the surface layer even though positive correlations were found between R and E (R =0.91) and E and S,. (R =0.77). Methodologies described provide a means of evaluating how changes in pesticide concentrations in the surface layer and the thickness of that layer are influenced by soil, rainfall and pesticide characteristics, and desorption kinetics affects pesticide transport by runoff.
Children’s independent mobility and relationship with open space – Studies of 12-year-olds’ outdoor environment in different residential areas

The aim of the present study is to describe 12-year-old children's use and perception of their neighbourhood. Two residential areas were investigated: an inner-city area with heavy traffic and a traffic-segregated suburb built during the late 1960s. The results show that 12-year-olds have greater independent mobility than younger children – though this is less marked among the mainly immigrant families of the suburban area, where parents express a greater need for control and a greater fear of “stranger danger”. On the other hand, fewer children are allowed to cycle in traffic in the inner-city area, due to a perceived lack of consideration on the part of motorists and a lack of (connected) cycle paths. Children in both areas point out the problems caused by traffic and by inconsiderate motorists. Other problems experienced as troublesome include noise from traffic and the underground, littering, older children who argue homeless people, drunken people and drug users.
Learning metaphors and classroom enactments: Understanding webs of association and their entailments for school mathematics

Oriented by the observation that cross-cultural comparisons of mathematics teaching have had little impact on the evolution of classroom practice, we develop the thesis that approaches to school mathematics are rooted in metaphors and sustained by associations that are language specific. We examined distinct webs of meaning for the words “learn” and “teach” in three languages: English, Czech, and Japanese. By applying a tool designed for analyzing bodily classroom (inter)activity, we aim to demonstrate that the meanings of these words are evident in practices that are readily observed in video recordings of mathematics lessons conducted in these languages. We suggest that efforts toward “transcreation” rather than “translation” are better fitted to hopes of interpreting and informing classroom practices across languages.
A Conservation Assessment of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean

This priority-setting study elevates, as a first principle, maintaining the representation of all ecosystem and habitat types in regional investment portfolios. Second, it recognizes landscape-level features as an essential guide for effective conservation planning. Without an objective framework to assess the conservation status and biological distinctiveness of geographic areas, donors run the risk of overlooking areas that are seriously threatened and of greatest biodiversity value. The lack of such an objective regional framework prompted this study, whose goals were: 1) to replace the relatively ad hoc decisionmaking process of donors investing in biodiversity conservation with a more transparent and scientific approach; 2) to move beyond evaluations based largely on species lists to a new framework that also incorporates maintaining ecosystems and habitat diversity; 3) to better integrate the principles of conservation biology and landscape ecology into decisionmaking; and 4) to ensure that proportionately more funding be channeled to areas that are of high biological value and under serious threat.
Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire in Japanese (ASBQ-J): An Adaptation and Validation Study

Purpose The Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) is an 18-item self-reported questionnaire that can be used to screen for sleep disorders in athletes and assess environmental, behavioral, and sports-related factors along with sleep disorders. This study aimed to analyze the reliability and validity of the ASBQ translated into Japanese (ASBQ-J). Patients and Methods 111 female collegiate athletes completed both the initial test and retest. Independent variables were what kind of sports they perform, level as an athlete, grade (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior), and age. The reliability of the survey was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the correlation between the total ASBQ scores and three components which were routine/environmental, behavioral, and sports factors. Results A total of 37.8% of athletes had ASBQ scores equal or less than 36 indicating good sleep. However, 19.8% of athletes scored more than 42, indicating poor sleep. Cronbach alpha was 0.62 and 0.65 for test and retest, respectively. Intraclass correlation was 0.78 (P < 0.01), indicating sufficient internal consistency and test–retest validity. Mean ASBQ scores were 38.5 ± 5.0 and 37.0 ± 6.5 for test and retest, respectively, and it was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.37). The correlation coefficients between the ASBQ-J and component scores were all statistically significant (all P < 0.01). Conclusion ASBQ-J is a reliable questionnaire for assessing sleep disorders in athletes whose primary language is Japanese.
Autonomic Responses During Acute Anterior Versus Inferior Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Autonomic responses elicited by myocardial infarction vary depending on the site of injury, but accurate assessment using heart rate variability during the acute phase is limited. We systematically searched PubMed without language restrictions throughout July 2023. We reviewed studies reporting autonomic indices separately for anterior and inferior infarcts, followed by a meta-analysis of those reporting the standard deviation of the inter-beat interval between normal sinus beats during the initial 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. Six studies were included, comprising 341 patients (165 anterior, 176 inferior infarcts), all with satisfactory scores on the Newcastle-Ottawa quality scale. The estimated average of the standardized mean difference (based on the random-effects model) was -0.722 (95% confidence intervals: -0.943 to -0.501), which differed from zero (z=-6.416, p<0.0001). This finding indicates sympathetic and vagal dominance during acute anterior and inferior infarcts, respectively, with excessive responses likely contributing to early arrhythmogenesis. Despite the amelioration of autonomic dysfunction by revascularization, infarct location should be considered when commencing β-adrenergic receptor blockade, especially after delayed procedures.
Analysis of Factors that Influence the Use of Electronic Money in Indonesia

This empirical study scrutinizes the factors influencing electronic money usage in Indonesia, focusing on financial literacy, security, user accessibility, and government support. Employing a quantitative approach with a descriptive and verificative analysis of data from 210 potential users, the research identifies financial literacy as a cornerstone for adoption, yet finds it insufficiently developed. Security concerns are highlighted as significant, with perceived vulnerabilities in e-money systems. Accessibility challenges, due to infrastructural and educational gaps, further impede e-money's widespread use. The government's role is deemed crucial but not yet fully effective in creating a supportive ecosystem for e-money. Despite the positive influence of these factors, the research concludes that the full potential of e-money is unrealized, with the study's limitations acknowledging unexplored variables that may also affect e-money's utilization in Indonesia. These insights aim to inform strategies to address these barriers and enhance e-money adoption in the Indonesian market.
Parental Home Safety Practices for Domestic Accident Prevention: How Prepared Were Parents for COVID-19 Confinement? A Cross-Sectional Study

(1) Background: Children are susceptible to home injuries. How prepared parents were to protect their children from accidents before and during the COVID-19 quarantine is uncertain. (2) Methods: We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional study in Greece between November and December 2021. We asked parents to complete an anonymous questionnaire voluntarily. Questions focused on accident-preventive measures taken at home during the COVID-19 quarantine. (3) Results: A greater proportion of parents took protective measures for a safer home before the lockdown than during the quarantine, while an interesting percentage of parents never utilized preventive measures for their children. Slightly more than half (58.6%) of parents did not seem to worry about a possible increase in domestic accidents during the quarantine. It was observed that those who had one or two children took more protective measures than those with more than two children. Older parents seemed to explain to their children how to access emergency services more often. Mothers stayed at home with the children more often, and their education affected the presence of some of the assessed measures. In our logistic regression modeling, parental concern about accidents was more related to the incidence of an accident during the pandemic and attendance at seminars. (4) Conclusions: Although the COVID-19 lockdowns disorganized family life, parents were aware of the importance of their parenting role in creating a safe environment for children, but according to the study, there is room for improvement.
A sensitive and simple RT-LAMP assay for sarbecovirus screening in bats

ABSTRACT The availability of simple, inexpensive assays for coronavirus (CoV) detection is critical for conducting animal surveillance studies to prevent new zoonotic epidemics. We have previously developed a colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans using respiratory samples. In this study, we improved and extended the application of this assay to detect other sarbecoviruses in bats. Twenty-four and twenty-one out of 838 oral and alimentary samples collected during 2017–2019 were sarbecovirus-positive by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and our colorimetric RT-LAMP assay, respectively. PCR and Sanger sequencing of the partial spike (S) gene in the S1 subunit region and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene of the 21 sarbecovirus-positive samples showed that they were all closely related to bat SARS-related coronavirus HKU3. A green fluorescent nucleic acid stain, SYTO9, was also added for real-time quantification and evaluated in the colorimetric RT-LAMP assay. We observed a positive correlation (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.77, P < 0.0001) between the time to positivity in the colorimetric RT-LAMP assay and cycle threshold (Ct) values in qRT-PCR assay, suggesting that our assay allows quantitative analysis of viral load in samples. This easily performed, highly sensitive, and specific colorimetric RT-LAMP assay could facilitate mass screening for sarbecoviruses in bats and other animal populations. It will be particularly useful for field studies without sophisticated laboratory equipment and expertise. IMPORTANCE We report the application of a colorimetric and fluorescent reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay to facilitate mass screening for sarbecoviruses in bats. The assay was evaluated using a total of 838 oral and alimentary samples from bats and demonstrated comparable sensitivity and specificity to quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), with a simple setup. The addition of SYTO9, a fluorescent nucleic acid stain, also allows for quantitative analysis. The scalability and simplicity of the assay are believed to contribute to improving preparedness for detecting emerging coronaviruses by applying it to field studies and surveillance. We report the application of a colorimetric and fluorescent reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay to facilitate mass screening for sarbecoviruses in bats. The assay was evaluated using a total of 838 oral and alimentary samples from bats and demonstrated comparable sensitivity and specificity to quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), with a simple setup. The addition of SYTO9, a fluorescent nucleic acid stain, also allows for quantitative analysis. The scalability and simplicity of the assay are believed to contribute to improving preparedness for detecting emerging coronaviruses by applying it to field studies and surveillance.
Management guidelines for IUCN category V protected areas : protected landscapes/seascapes

Protected Landscapes (IUCN Protected Area Category V) are lived-in working landscapes. In the past, there has been a tendency to see them as a rather Eurocentric approach to protected areas but increasingly the category is being designated in other parts of the world, including in a number of developing countries. The Guidelines include sections on the background and on the planning of such areas, and chapters on the principles, policies, process and the means for their management. The text includes more than 20 case studies from more than 15 countries in every region of the world.
Co-creation of human papillomavirus self-sampling delivery strategies for cervical cancer screening in rural Zimbabwe: nominal group technique

Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling is recommended for cervical cancer screening, particularly among women who do not participate in or have access to current screening methods offered in Zimbabwe. Key stakeholder involvement is critical in co-creating acceptable delivery strategies for implementing HPV self-sampling to ensure demand and facilitate uptake by the target population. The main objective of this study was to engage key stakeholders in co-creating acceptable HPV self-sampling delivery strategies for cervical cancer screening in rural Zimbabwe. Methods We invited key stakeholders and employed a nominal group technique (NGT) for data collection. We employed the NGT to (1) identify barriers to access and utilisation of available cervical cancer screening services and (2) co-create delivery strategies for HPV self-sampling. The workshop included 8 participants (women n = 4, health workers n = 2 and policymakers n = 2). Quantitative data was gathered by ranking ideas and qualitative data were collected from participant group discussions and analysed thematically. The results of the ranking exercise were fed back to the participants for comments. Results The most significant barriers to accessing and utilising current cervical cancer screening services by women were: Inadequate information and education on cervical cancer, lack of resources and funding for cervical cancer programmes, long distances to nearest health facilities, and low perceived personal risk of cervical cancer. Key stakeholders recommended enhanced education and awareness, results notification, linkage to care, community-based self-sampling, and the choice of sampling devices as potential HPV self-sampling delivery strategies. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the utility of the NGT for reaching a consensus. Using the NGT, we established priority delivery strategies for HPV self-sampling cervical cancer screening. Adequate education and awareness, early results notification, choice of sampling device and community-based self-sampling were crucial to HPV self-sampling screening in rural Zimbabwe. The proposed delivery strategies can guide the development of guidelines for designing and implementing an HPV self-sampling intervention. We recommend a study to determine women's most preferred HPV self-sampling delivery strategies before implementing the intervention.
Evaluating Cardiovascular Changes After a Single Yoga Session: A Retrospective Study

Aim and objective: This retrospective review of clinical data was done at the School of Yoga Therapy (SYT) (formerly Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education and Research (CYTER)) of Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) to determine the cardiovascular (CV) effects of a single yoga session in patients of different medical conditions as well as in normal subjects. Methods: Data of 6026 patients (3962 female, 1880 male, and 184 transgender) who attended yoga therapy sessions at SYT. Heart rate (HR), systolic (SP) and diastolic pressure (DP) had been recorded using non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) apparatus Participants were undergoing appropriate yoga therapy protocols as per their condition while normal subjects had a general schedule of practice. Results: There were statistically significant reductions (p<0.001) in all the studied CV parameters following the yoga session. Conclusion: There is a healthy reduction in HR, BP, and derived CV indices following a single yoga session. A similar study published earlier in 2013 from SYT (formerly CYTER) has been done with a larger population, and the effect of Yoga therapy on different medical conditions is proved yet again.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS DURING SHEARING PROCESS OF SANDSTONE UNDER DIFFERENT WATER CONTENTS

Based on the independent development of meso-shear test equipment for coal rock and PCI–2 acoustic emission detection analysis system,acoustic emission features of sandstone with different saturation degrees of 0%,50% and 100% during shearing process are studied;and the relationship between evolution law of acoustic emission signal and cracking and extension of sandstone is discussed.The results show that acoustic emission activity is associated with the whole shearing process of sandstone.The acoustic emission activity is not obvious and acoustic emission signal is comparatively small before the shear stress peak value,but after it the acoustic emission signal leaps.With the increase of water content,the shear strength reduces,and the leap point of acoustic emission signal appears in advance successively.Under different moisture states,the peak value of acoustic emission events rate always appears lag the time that the shear stress reaches its peak.With the saturation degree of 0%,the surface crack of sandstone appears after the shear stress peak and the acoustic emission activity is the most intense;the cumulative acoustic emission events at failure is the most,that is,the cumulative damage is the biggest.But with the saturation degrees of 50% and 100% the surface crack of sandstone appears before the shear stress peak,the cumulative acoustic emission events at failure is comparatively less,and the cumulative damage is smaller.
Diversity and richness of bird species in newly formed habitats of Chandoli National Park in Western Ghats, Maharashtra State, India

The study of bird species diversity and richness in newly formed habitats of Chandoli National Park in Western Ghats (now declared as international heritage), Maharashtra State, India was carried out in early wet and dry seasons. Since richness and diversity of bird species are good indicators of the ecosystem quality, this paper focused on providing some information on the abundance, diversity and activities of various bird species occurring in Chandoli National Park. To this aim, line transect survey was used to generate data for ecological analysis. Birds observed incuded resident, migratory and palearctic species. A total of 151 species representing 15 orders and 45 families were recorded from September 2009 to August 2011, and a high value calculated for the Simpson’s Index of Diversity (0.8291) indicated a marked richness and diversity of bird species in the area under examination.
Marine Pollution at Northeast of Penang Island

Oceans cover large area of earth surface and it is important for humans to protect from pollution. Malaysia has large marine areas which consist of islands, coastal and sea areas which are facing pollution problem due to the rapid urbanization and industrialization. This study investigated sources of marine pollution occurred at area near a reclamation project at the northeast of Penang Island. Three locations were chosen for water sampling which included Sg. Fetes, North Tanjung Tokong and Gurney Drive. Experiments were conducted to investigate the parameters namely Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), the presence of Coliform and E. coli, nitrate nitrogen, Total Phosphorus (TP) and turbidity. Visual observation during the site visit was also recorded. Laboratory results show that Gurney Drive is the most polluted location compared to other sampling points as it received flows from the existing island. The highest COD was 550 mg/L recorded at Gurney Drive followed by 290 mg/L at Sg. Fetes and 187 mg/L at North Tanjung Tokong. This study shows that the marine pollution was contributed from various sources with different impacts and resulted from the discharge from the existing mainland itself. Thus, pollution input should be controlled and mitigated for better water quality in the future.
Lung Involvement in Adult T-Cell Lymphoma Diagnosed Using Bronchoscopic Cryobiopsy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

The diagnosis of pulmonary lymphoma using small tissue samples is difficult and often requires surgical procedures; thus, a less invasive sampling method is desirable. Moreover, pulmonary involvement in adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) is often difficult to diagnose, especially in cases without characteristic flower cells. Here, we present the case of a 78-year-old man, in whom pathological examination of the transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimen did not reveal malignant findings; therefore, transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in combination with endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) was used to diagnose ATL based on the pathological findings. A literature review identified 18 cases of pulmonary lymphomas diagnosed using TBLC. Among the 19 cases, including our own, 16 cases were of B-cell lymphoma (84.2%), and the present case is the first case of ATL diagnosed using TBLC. Eighty percent of the cases underwent a biopsy (more than two samples) of the middle or lower lobe and were diagnosed without major complications. EBUS was used with TBLC in three cases to identify the location of the pulmonary lesions. In the present case, EBUS was also useful for avoiding vascular biopsy. Although large-scale prospective studies are required to establish precise guidelines for diagnosing pulmonary lymphomas using TBLC, our case report and review contributes to a deeper understanding of the diagnosis of rare diseases.