Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical Investigation of Mechanisms Underlying Oceanic Internal Gravity Wave Power-Law Spectra

We consider the power-law spectra of internal gravity waves in a rotating and stratified ocean. Field measurements have shown considerable variability of spectral slopes compared to the high-wavenumber, high-frequency portion of the Garrett–Munk (GM) spectrum. Theoretical explanations have been developed through wave turbulence theory (WTT), where different power-law solutions of the kinetic equation can be found depending on the mechanisms underlying the nonlinear interactions. Mathematically, these are reflected by the convergence properties of the so-called collision integral (CL) at low- and high-frequency limits. In this work, we study the mechanisms in the formation of the power-law spectra of internal gravity waves, utilizing numerical data from the high-resolution modeling of internal waves (HRMIW) in a region northwest of Hawaii. The model captures the power-law spectra in broad ranges of space and time scales, with scalings ω−2.05±0.2 in frequency and m−2.58±0.4 in vertical wavenumber. The latter clearly deviates from the GM76 spectrum but is closer to a family of induced-diffusion-dominated solutions predicted by WTT. Our analysis of nonlinear interactions is performed directly on these model outputs, which is fundamentally different from previous work assuming a GM76 spectrum. By applying a bicoherence analysis and evaluations of modal energy transfer, we show that the CL is dominated by nonlocal interactions between modes in the power-law range and low-frequency inertial motions. We further identify induced diffusion and the near-resonances at its spectral vicinity as dominating the formation of power-law spectrum.
Effects of soil compaction on cereal yield

This paper reviews the works related to the effect of soil compaction on cereal yield and focuses on research of field experiments. The reasons for compaction formation are usually a combination of several types of interactions. Therefore one of the most researched topics all over the world is the changes in the soil’s physical and chemical properties to achieve sustainable cereal production conditions. Whether we are talking about soil bulk density, physical soil properties, water conductivity or electrical conductivity, or based on the results of measurements of on-line or point of soil sampling resistance testing, the fact is more and more information is at our disposal to find answers to the challenges. Thanks to precision plant production technologies (PA) these challenges can be overcome in a much more efficient way than earlier as instruments are available (geospatial technologies such as GIS, remote sensing, GPS with integrated sensors and steering systems; plant physiological models, such Decisio.
Temperature-based spawning habitat selection by capelin (Mallotus villosus) in Newfoundland

The location of reproduction is a key life history trait, as it influences the bio-physical conditions that offspring experience and, thus, fitness. Capelin Mallotus villosus is a small (< 200 mm), short-lived forage fish that spawns in two habitats in coastal Newfoundland: warm beaches and cool, deep water (15–40 m). From 2009 to 2014, we investigated temperature-dependent spawning habitat use by quantifying hourly temperature at spawning sites during July within each habitat along with population-level spawning site use. Capelin did not spawn at sites with temperatures <2 C or consistently >12 C, supporting the estimated suitable spawning temperature range (2–12 C). Spawning typically occurred exclusively at beaches early in July when deep-water habitat was too cold (i.e.<2 C), and then switched to deep-water habitat later in July when beaches became too warm (i.e.>12 C). Spawning overlapped for 1–3 d in both habitats when temperatures were within suitable ranges (2011, 2013), but capelin also spawned exclusively in one habitat when temperatures remained suitable in the other. The latter suggests that other factors influence spawning habitat selection, such as conspecific egg densities and other environmental conditions. Overall, the flexible use of spawning habitats, along with wide tolerance ranges of capelin eggs to environmental conditions, are likely key adaptations to maximize fitness and stabilize population dynamics of this important forage fish species in an unpredictable environment.
Personal and Professional Readiness of In-service Teachers of English for Culturally Responsive Teaching

Article History: Purpose: The aim of this study was twofold. First, it investigated the extent to which in-service teachers of English were personally and professionally ready to carry out culturally responsive teaching (CRT). Second, it aimed to understand teachers’ perceptions of CRT. Research Method: This study was carried out in a sequential explanatory mixed methods design. Accordingly, first quantitative data were gathered in the first phase through administering CRT readiness scale. In the second phase, qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews to gain detailed insights about their perceptions. A total number of 415 in-service teachers of English participated in the quantitative phase of the study, and 12 teachers participated in the semi-structured interviews. Received: 07 Dec. 2019 Received in revised form: 03 Mar. 2020 Accepted: 20 Jul. 2020 DOI: 10.14689/ejer.2020. 88.2
Improved cyclic retention and high‐performance supercapacitive behavior of poly(diphenylamine‐co‐aniline)/phosphotungstic acid nanohybrid electrode

In this study, a simple and facile electrochemical deposition technique was employed to fabricate fluorine‐doped tin oxide‐based polydiphenylamine‐polyaniline/phosphotungstic acid copolymer nanocomposite modified electrode (FTO/PDPA‐PANI/PTA) for high‐performance supercapacitors application. Crystalline and morphological structure and coating thickness of PDPA‐PANI/PTA nanocomposite on FTO were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscope. The fabricated nanohybrid electrode exhibits superior specific capacitance of 360 Fg−1 at 1 mA current density. The higher capacitive behavior and cyclic steadiness of FTO/PDPA‐PANI/PTA modified electrode were achieved because of the presence of tungsten in the PDPA/PANI co‐polymer nanonetworks provide efficient interaction which enhances the fast electron transfer progressions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) studies ensure the capacitive behavior of the electrodeposited nanohybrid modified electrode with a characteristic EIS semicircle in the lower frequency region. Further, a superior specific capacitance with 82% excellent capacitance retention after 1000 cycles, recommends a practical application in supercapacitor device electrodes.
Extended reionization in models beyond ΛCDM with Planck 2018 data

We provide an update on the constraints on extended reionization histories with the Planck 2018 cosmic microwave background anisotropy data. The Planck 2018 data on large angular scales improve the measurement of the E-mode polarization reionization bump at low multipoles providing the possibility to improve our previous results [1]. Using a minor modification to the original Poly-reion model [2] for the reionization history, we find that the Planck 2018 data significantly improve all our previous results: we find as optical depth of τ=0.0572−0.0075+0.0064 at 68% CL, that early onsets of reionization are strongly disfavoured, i.e. redshift when the reionization begins, zxe=0=18.18−10.89 +1.61 at 68% CL, and that reionization duration (defined between 10% and 99% reionization) is significantly reduced, i.e. ΔzReion=4.59−2.45+1.67 at 68% CL . We explore possible correlations between reionization histories and cosmological parameters, including important extensions beyond ΛCDM . We find that the degeneracy between reionization and scalar spectral index, neutrino mass sum, spatial curvature, dark matter annihilation and other non-standard models are significantly reduced.The reduction of the error bars and the degeneracies, together with the shift towards lower values of the optical depth that we observe in the Poly-reion model are mainly driven by the new low-ℓ polarization likelihood of Planck 2018 baseline based on the HFI data. This is confirmed also by the results derived without this likelihood and the ones with different alternatives to the baseline that are presented for a subset of models.
Mutations Associated with Pyrazinamide Resistance in the Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Pyrazinamide is one of the four first line drugs for treatment of tuberculosis. It has been widely accepted, that pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is correlated with mutations in the pncA gene. In the present study, pyrazinamide susceptibility was tested in 65 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by pncA gene sequencing and was then correlated with pyrazinamidase activity. 68% of the resistant isolates showed mutation in the pncA gene which was further correlated with an assay for pyrazinamidase activity.
A systematic quantitative literature review of empirical research on large-scale sport events’ social legacies

ABSTRACT The potential to realise social legacies through hosting large-scale sport events has gained saliency in policy and academic contexts over the last decade. However, social legacies, such as enhanced civic pride, social inclusion, civic engagement, and quality of life remain largely under researched. This article presents findings from a systematic quantitative literature review of academic articles which empirically investigated social legacies and were published between 2000 and 2016. Seventy-seven articles were examined to find patterns and gaps in the research. Our findings show 34 social legacy types have been examined empirically. However, empirical research on social legacies comes from a limited number of geographic contexts, and the theories and methods employed to research such legacies are also limited, suggesting opportunities for innovation in future research designs. We highlight a role for leisure studies to contribute to richer understanding of social legacies. We also call for greater intentionality by researchers to consider what constitutes social legacy and more meaningful and unique ways to research social legacies and inform practice.
Influence of Resisted Sled-Pull Training on the Sprint Force-Velocity Profile of Male High-School Athletes.

Cahill, MJ, Oliver, JL, Cronin, JB, Clark, K, Cross, MR, Lloyd, RS, and Lee, JE. Influence of resisted sled-pull training on the sprint force-velocity profile of male high-school athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-Although resisted sled towing is a commonly used method of sprint-specific training, little uniformity exists around training guidelines for practitioners. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of unresisted and resisted sled-pull training across multiple loads. Fifty-three male high-school athletes were assigned to an unresisted (n = 12) or 1 of 3 resisted groups: light (n = 15), moderate (n = 14), and heavy (n = 12) corresponding to loads of 44 ± 4 %BM, 89 ± 8 %BM, and 133 ± 12 %BM that caused a 25, 50, and 75% velocity decrement in maximum sprint speed, respectively. All subjects performed 2 sled-pull training sessions twice weekly for 8 weeks. Split times of 5, 10, and 20 m improved across all resisted groups (d = 0.40-1.04, p < 0.01) but did not improve with unresisted sprinting. However, the magnitude of the gains increased most within the heavy group, with the greatest improvement observed over the first 10 m (d ≥ 1.04). Changes in preintervention to postintervention force-velocity profiles were specific to the loading prescribed during training. Specifically, F0 increased most in moderate to heavy groups (d = 1.08-1.19); Vmax significantly decreased in the heavy group but increased in the unresisted group (d = 012-0.44); whereas, Pmax increased across all resisted groups (d = 0.39-1.03). The results of this study suggest that the greatest gains in short distance sprint performance, especially initial acceleration, are achieved using much heavier sled loads than previously studied in young athletes.
A Principal Components Analysis of Grid Differentiation Measures

Abstract Many different cognitive differentiation measures have been developed since the foundation of Personal Construct Psychology in 1955. A relatively small number of studies have explored the component structure of these measures. This study aims to expand this particular area in order to help clarify how to best measure cognitive differentiation. Using a community sample of 898 adults, five distinct repertory grid measures of cognitive differentiation (percentage of variance accounted by the first factor -PVAFF, Intensity, Bieri’s index, functionally independent construction -FIC- and Ordination) were explored through Principal Components Analysis. A 2-factor solution was found. Factor 1 (PVAFF and Intensity) accounted for the multivariate measures explaining 55.1% of the variance. Factor 2 (Bieri and Ordination) accounted for the sum-based measures and explained 24.8% of the variance. FIC loaded moderately on both factors. The need for concurrent validity studies of differentiation measures is pointed out. It is also proposed that cognitive differentiation may not be unitary and may thus require more than one index to be correctly measured.
Deseos, Creencias y Oportunidades en la toma de decisiones de estudiantes secundarios en tránsito a la universidad. Acciones y reacciones en torno a la implementación del puntaje ranking

This study addresses school choice and migration processes of students from academically demanding public schools, in comparison to students from schools with a different profile, in the context of the recently implemented high-school ranking score in the Single Admission System (SUA) of the Council of Rectors (CRUCH), between 2013 and 2014. The work addresses the interactive dimension that underlies the implementation of public policies, referring to the experience of students who, in the transition from secondary to higher education, become actors who make decisions within the framework of a new regulatory scenario. Through interviews with school leaders and students at this juncture, the research approaches a critical case in which student experience is analysed based on their desires, beliefs and opportunities, by means of the Hedstrom’s DBO model (Desires, Beliefs & Opportunities). The analysis showed that the model performs in terms of its illustrative capacity. However, it is not exhaustive regarding the phenomenon, as new elements emerged that need to be addressed to perform an appropriate analysis.
An inertial piezoelectric rotary actuator characterized by the motion without rollback

Rollback happens to most inertial piezoelectric actuators due to the forward and backward bending of bimorphs in a driving cycle. An inertial piezoelectric rotary actuator with two asymmetrically clamped bimorphs working in phase is proposed in this study to eliminate rollback. The electrical in-phase connection of the two bimorphs gives the actuator two steps in a driving cycle but a reduced load capacity. Comsol software is used for modal analysis and a series of experiments were carried out to study the output performance of the actuator. Experiment results indicated that the actuator can work stably at two steps per cycle without rollback in all working conditions. The minimum angular displacement was 7.4 μrad under the signal of 15 V, 1 Hz without load. With the application of a bias unit, the actuator can drive a 460 g load which is comparable with other inertial piezoelectric actuators. In a word, the in-phase connection of two asymmetrically clamped bimorphs can eliminate rollback, which provides a new idea for the research of precise actuators without rollback.
Analysis of lower urinary tract disease of dogs

Mendóza-López C.I. , Del-Angel-Caraza J., Quijano-Hernández I.A. & Barbosa-Mireles M.A. 2017. Analysis of lower urinary tract disease of dogs. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(11):1275-1280. Hospital Veterinario para Pequeñas Especies, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Jesús Carranza 203, Col. Universidad, CP 50130, Toluca, Mexico. E-mail: dlangel@uaemex.mx Lower urinary tract diseases (LUTD) include different conditions that affect the urinary bladder, urethra and prostate. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of different related diseases, to characterize the population affected, and to determine risk factors in dogs. The clinical cases were diagnosed with LUTD through physical examination, and clinical laboratory and imaging studies. Male dogs had a greater predisposition to present a LUTD. Dogs from 3 months to 18 years with a median of 8 years were affected, and the most affected breeds were Poodle, Labrador, German shepherd, Schnauzer, Cocker Spaniel and Chihuahua. The LUTD presented with the following frequencies: bacterial urinary tract infection 34.02%; micturition disorders 22.68%; urolithiasis 20.61%; prostatic disease 14.43%; traumatic problems 8.24%. Sixty-seven per cent of the cases were specific diseases, such as uncomplicated and complicated bacterial urinary tract infections, urinary retention of neurologic origin and silica urolithiasis.
Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes in Swine Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: July 24, 2017 October 03, 2017 October 28, 2017 November 21, 2017 The drug resistance was investigated in swine clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in East China, and the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes was detected by PCR and sequencing. Among 53 clinical E. coli isolates, 47 (88.7%) isolates exhibited resistance to one or more antimicrobial agents, with the greatest resistance in norfloxacin (69.8%) and ciprofloxacin (67.9%) and the lowest resistance in amikacin (17.0%). In total, aac(6’)-Ib, qnr and qepA were detected in 10 (18.9%), 10 (18.9%) and 1 (1.9%) of 53 E. coli isolates. The 10 qnr-positive isolates include 5 for qnrB and 5 for qnrS, whereas no qnrA and qnrD were detected. Noteworthy, 90% (9/10) aac(6’)-Ib-positive isolates were the cr variant allele. The fact that, none resistance gene was detected in some isolates with severe drug resistance, suggests that there may be other potential genes or mechanisms mediating it. ©2017 PVJ. All rights reserved
C-reactive protein interactions with cellular membranes and supported lipid bilayers

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a serum protein that binds to damaged membranes and initiates the complement immune response. Different forms of CRP are thought to alter how the body responds to inflammation and the degradation of foreign material. Despite knowing that a modified form of CRP(mCRP) binds to downstream protein binding partners better than the native pentameric form, the role of CRP conformation on lipid binding is yet unknown. In this work, three main assays were performed to characterize how conformation affects CRP-membrane interactions. The first assay utilized supported lipid bilayers that mimic the plasma membrane of apoptotic cells. The results show that CRP interactions vary with protein conformation, lipid composition, and membrane shape and that the mechanism by which CRP recognizes damaged membranes depends on the combination of all three. The second assay focused on CRP interactions with cellular membranes by using induced apoptosis in MES-SA cells to characterize how CRP recognizes damaged cellular membrane. Monitoring the disassociation of pCRP to mCRP on apoptotic cell membrane with a fluorescent RNA aptamer that specifically binds mCRP but not pCRP allowed for quantitative analysis. Thirdly, a fluorescence quenching assay was utilized to characterize CRP conformational states using 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS), a fluorescence probe that binds to the hydrophobic regions of a protein. The unfolding of CRP using different denaturants was assessed using tryptophan fluorescence assay. Urea-EDTA, Guanidine-HCl, and iii SDS with heat were used to perturb the pentameric state. All treatments give rise to a monomeric state in native PAGE experiments. As revealed by ANS fluorescence, treatment with 2.5M GndHCl, 3 or 6 M urea, or 0.01% SDS caused hydrophobic portions of CRP to be exposed. Based on this data, we conclude that the two forms of CRP studied here have different mechanisms of action.
Assessment of genetic variability for yield and attributed traits among rice doubled haploid (DH) lines in semi-arid zone Sudan

Anther culture is one of the biotechnology tools using for quick recovery of fixed breeding pure lines in rice. The development of new rice varieties is highly dependent on genetic diversity in desirable agronomic traits. Therefore, this study aimed to identify potential genotypes having the characters of Tongil-type and to study suitable traits of tested Double Haploid (DH) lines which can be applied in breeding program. Twenty advanced DH lines along with one local check were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during autumn seasons of 2017 and 2018. All evaluated genotypes exhibited a wide and significant variation in the twelve measured traits. The highest heritability related with high genetic advance was recorded for the number of tillerplant-1, biomass yield, plant height, and grain yield. Genotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance were recorded for number of tillersplant-1 and plant height in both seasons. Moreover, there was a highly significant and positive correlation of grain yield with number of panicle per m2 (0.76), number of filled grain per panicle (0.71), number of tillersplant-1 (0.69), panicle weight (0.45) and biological yield (0.45). Based on productive tillers number, number of filled grainspanicle-1, number of panicle per m2, biological yield and grain yield, the lines KF323819, KF323895, KF323826, KF323893, KF323847, KF323855 and KF323885 were high potential could be considered as a new type of aerobic rice in Sudan. In additions, hybridization of these high yielding could be used to achieve higher heterosis among the genotypes and developing reliable selection indices for improvement rice breeding programs. Key words: Double haploid, anther culture, yield components, broad sense heritability and path coefficient analysis.