Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climate change 2007 : the physical science basis : contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Foreword Preface Summary for Policymakers Technical Summary 1. Historical Overview of Climate Changes Science 2. Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and Radiative Forcing 3. Observations: Atmosphic Surface and Climate Change 4. Observations: Changes in Snow, Ice and Frozen Ground 5. Observations: Ocean Climate Change and Sea Level 6. Palaeoclimate 7. Coupling Between Changes in the Climate System and Biogeochemistry 8. Climate Models and their Evaluation 9. Understanding and Attributing Climate Change 10. Global Climate Projections 11. Regional Climate Projections Annex I: Glossary Annex II: Contributors to the IPCC WGI Fourth Assessment Report Annex III: Reviewers of the IPCC WGI Fourth Assessment Report Annex IV: Acronyms Index.
Benefits of CMM-Based Software Process Improvement: Executive Summary of Initial Results

Abstract : Data from 13 organizations were collected and analyzed to obtain information on the results of software process improvement efforts that were based on the capability maturity model (CMM). We report the cost and business value of improvement efforts, as well as the yearly improvement in productivity, early defect improvement efforts, time to market, and post-release defect reports. Case studies of improvement efforts and results in 5 organizations are summarized. We end with conclusions about the results of software process improvement (SPI) efforts. Business value, Software process assessment, Capability maturity model, Software process improvement, Empirical data.
Energy Management in Heat Treatment

This master thesis report looks into the energy usage of a modern heat treating facility at the bearing manufacturer SKF in Gothenburg. In this report background studies on heat treatment, furnace technologies and energy aspects have been performed and compiled into a theoretical base. The main body of the work has revolved around the two approach methods, interviews with experts in the field energy and heat treatment and empirical data gathering, and the outcome of this approach method. The study has covered all the stages involved in heat treatment such as pre-washing, to post washing. The type of heat treatment that has been performed in this facility has mainly been bainitic hardening. In order to compare the results an overviewing study of another bainitic hardening facility on SKF was made. The outcome of the study was that the important factors to consider when improving energy efficiency on a heat treating facility is to first of all to establish what the current situation is, and use this as a base line. Areas which are important to address to optimize the energy performance of the facility is to make sure the burners are efficient, have low surface losses, keep the utilization of the facility high and recover as much as possible of the waste heat. The most suitable way to do this is to use the waste heat from the flue gases in the pre- or post-wash. For this particular facility it was found that the most energy effective measure would be to upgrade burner to regenerative models, lower the surface temperature with 20 K, pre heat ingoing atmospheric gases with the hot outgoing atmospheric gases and finally heat exchange the flue gases with the post wash. This will lead to energy savings of about 18 %.
Optimized Dual Expander Aerospike Rocket

Abstract : Research at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) focused on designing a cryogenic dual-expander aerospike nozzle (DEAN) upper stage rocket engine to produce 50,000 pounds-force (222.4 kilo-Newtons) vacuum thrust, 464 seconds of vacuum specific impulse and a thrust-to-weight ratio of 106.5. The use of dual expander cycles improves engine reliability, maximizes efficiency, and eliminates some catastrophic failure modes. An upper stage engine with an aerospike nozzle is shorter and lighter than an equivalent performing conventional bell nozzle upper stage engine. Previous research focused on first developing a feasible closed DEAN design model and secondly expanding the model to support parametric trade and optimization studies. The current research effort used previous research as a foundation to create a reliable system level modeling tool to estimate performance, engine weight, and geometry for the DEAN concept. The model incorporated the Numerical Propulsion System Simulation (NPSSTM) software by NASA, Two-Dimensional Kinetics ? 04 (TDK? 04TM) by Software and Engineering Associates, Inc, and ModelCenterTM by Phoenix Integration. Research obtained a new DEAN design point meeting physical and reusability design constraints from model trade and optimization studies. The new design has a vacuum thrust and a thrust-to-weight ratio of 50,161 lbf (223.1 kN) and 142.2, respectively. Furthermore, the new design has a vacuum specific impulse of 430.6 seconds, failing to meet the vacuum specific impulse design goal by 33.4 seconds or 7.3%. The model used common metals, alloys, and ceramics to improve near-term anufacturability of the DEAN. Current research laid a pathway for further research to find the optimum DEAN design point meeting all the design goals including vacuum specific impulse.
Productivity in Services Twenty Years On. A Review of Conceptual and Measurement Issues and a Way Forward

Griliches’ seminal contribution on “Output measurement in the service sectors” (1992) is now more than twenty years old. The aim of this paper is to review and systematise the scholarship that has been produced since, to identify any step forward in the conceptualisation of service output, the measurement of service productivity and the account of technical change in affecting productivity in services that might have occurred. An agenda for both innovation and service scholars is proposed.
RESCALE: Review and Simulate Climate andCatchment Responses at Burrishoole -Project-Based Award, Final Summary Report

Sea Change—A Marine Knowledge, Research & Innovation Strategy for Ireland 2007-2013—was launched in early 2007 and was the outcome of extensive analysis and consultation with government departments, state agencies, industry and the third-level sector. It outlines a vision for the development of Ireland’s marine sector and sets clear objectives aimed at achieving this vision, namely to: 1. Assist existing, and largely indigenous, marine sub-sectors to improve their overall competitiveness and engage in activity that adds value to their outputs by utilising knowledge and technology arising from research. 2. Build new research capacity and capability and utilise fundamental knowledge and technology to create new marine-related commercial opportunities and companies. 3. Inform public policy, governance and regulation by applying the knowledge derived from marine research and monitoring. 4. Increase the marine sector’s competitiveness and stimulate the commercialisation of the marine resource in a manner that ensures its sustainability and protects marine biodiversity and ecosystems. 5. Strengthen the economic, social and cultural base of marine dependant regional/rural communities. The Sea Change strategy was developed as an integral part of the government’s Strategy for Science, Technology and Innovation (SSTI) and the Marine Institute as the lead implementation agency is working within SSTI policy and with government departments and agencies to deliver on the Strategy. The Marine Institute managed Marine Research Sub-Programme, one of eight sub-programmes within the Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Programme of the National Development Plan 2007—2013, targets funding to meet the objectives of the Sea Change strategy
Effects of thyme powder and aqueous extract on fatty acid profile of breast meat in broiler chicks

Auswirkungen von Thymianpulver und wässrigem Extrakt auf das Fettsäureprofil von Brustfleisch bei Masthähnchen Dieser Versuch wurde durchgeführt, um die Auswirkungen von Thymian (Thymus vulgaris)-Extrakt und Thymian-Pulver auf das Fettsäureprofil des Brustfleisches bei Broilern zu bewerten. Das Experiment umfasste wässrigen Thymianextrakt (50 und 100 mg/kg Futter) und Thymianpulver (150 und 250 mg/kg Futter), die in Kombination mit dem Grundfutter (Kontrolle) verwendet wurden. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse zeigten, dass der höchste Prozentsatz an ungesättigten Fettsäuren mit höheren Mengen an Thymianpulver und Thymianextrakt zusammenhängt; der höchste Mittelwert wurde mit Thymianextrakt (100) + Thymianpulver (250) und der niedrigste mit Thymianextrakt (0) + Thymianpulver (0) erzielt. Im Allgemeinen kann in der vorliegenden Studie geschlussfolgert werden, dass die Verwendung von Thymianpulver und Thymianextrakt in der Ernährung von Ross 308 Broilern einige gesättigte Fettsäuren verringerte und ungesättigte Fettsäuren erhöhte, was bestimmte gesundheitliche Vorteile hat.
Adaptive agent-based intrusion response

A new methodology has been developed for adaptive, automated intrusion response (IR) focusing on the role of software agents in providing that response. The majority of intrusion response systems (IRSs) react to attacks by generating reports or alarms. This introduces a window of vulnerability between when an intrusion is detected and when action is taken to defend against the attack. This window of vulnerability has been reduced through an agent-based system that adaptively responds to intrusions. Multiple IDSs monitor a computer system and generate intrusion alarms. Interface agents maintain a model of each IDS based on number of false positives/negatives previously generated. It uses this model to generate an attack confidence metric and passes this metric along with the intrusion alarm to the Master Analysis agent. The Master Analysis agent classifies whether the incident is a continuation of an existing incident or is a new attack. If it is a new attack, the Master Analysis agent creates a new Analysis agent to develop a response plan to the new attack. If the incident is a continuation of an existing attack, the Master Analysis agent passes the attack confidence metric and intrusion alarm to the existing Analysis agent handling the attack. The Analysis agent analyzes an incident until it is resolved and generates a course of action to resolve the incident. To generate this course of action, the Analysis agent involves the Response Taxonomy agent to classify the attack and Policy Specification agent to limit the response based on legal, ethical, institutional, or resource constraints. The Analysis agent creates a course of action and then invokes the appropriate components of the Response Toolkit. The Analysis agents employ adaptive decision-making based on the success of previous responses. As decisions are made, the results are displayed to the user interface. This research presents a novel IR methodology that includes: response adaptation to intrusive behavior based on confidence in the intrusion detection mechanism; response adaptation to intrusive behavior based on the success of previous intrusion responses; and, synergistic support for multiple IDSs.
Existence of the $(\alpha,\beta)$-Ricci-Yamabe flow on closed manifolds

On a smooth closed Riemannian manifold, we show short time existence of smooth solutions to the $(\alpha,\beta)$-Ricci-Yamabe flow, which is a natural generalization of the Ricci flow and the Yamabe flow. We also establish some long time existence theorems for the closed $(\alpha,\beta)$-Ricci-Yamabe flow by estimating its curvatures.
Assessment of computer dispatch technology in the Paratransit Industry. Final report

The document explores how computer dispatch technology can improve the efficiency of dispatching shared-ride vehicles on a real time basis. The document investigates the current operating capabilities of such systems, their costs and economic benefits, their suitability for specific transit applications, and future technological directions for computer dispatch. The study found such systems were not inexpensive, averaging about $1 million for a company with 300 taxis. However, requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act were expected to increase the demand for such applications. The current focus of the industry is on technology and a variety of hardware and software improvements: smart cards, automatic vehicle location, real-time scheduling for shared rides, integrated reporting and billing, and graphic displays of service areas with relative passenger and vehicle locations.
Results of Large-Scale Testing on Effects of Anti-Foam Agent on Gas Retention and Release

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of River Protection’s Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) will process and treat radioactive waste that is stored in tanks at the Hanford Site. The waste treatment process in the pretreatment facility will mix both Newtonian and non-Newtonian slurries in large process tanks. Process vessels mixing non-Newtonian slurries will use pulse jet mixers (PJMs), air sparging, and recirculation pumps. An anti-foam agent (AFA) will be added to the process streams to prevent surface foaming, but may also increase gas holdup and retention within the slurry. The work described in this report addresses gas retention and release in simulants with AFA through testing and analytical studies. Gas holdup and release tests were conducted in a 1/4-scale replica of the lag storage vessel operated in the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Applied Process Engineering Laboratory using a kaolin/bentonite clay and AZ-101 HLW chemical simulant with non-Newtonian rheological properties representative of actual waste slurries. Additional tests were performed in a small-scale mixing vessel in the PNNL Physical Sciences Building using liquids and slurries representing major components of typical WTP waste streams. Analytical studies were directed at discovering how the effect of AFA might depend on gas composition andmore » predicting the effect of AFA on gas retention and release in the full-scale plant, including the effects of mass transfer to the sparge air. The work at PNNL was part of a larger program that included tests conducted at Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) that is being reported separately. SRNL conducted gas holdup tests in a small-scale mixing vessel using the AZ-101 high-level waste (HLW) chemical simulant to investigate the effects of different AFAs, their components, and of adding noble metals. Full-scale, single-sparger mass transfer tests were also conducted at SRNL in water and AZ-101 HLW simulant to provide data for PNNL’s WTP gas retention and release modeling. « less
The Behavior of a Thread-Bar Grouted Anchor in Soils from Local Strain Monitoring

International standards discourage the use of grouted anchors with a fixed length exceeding 10 m. However, grouted anchors with a fixed length between 10 and 20 m are frequently used in Italy to transfer high loads to ground with poor geotechnical properties. This paper presents the results of investigation tests on an anchor with a length of 36 m, of which 18 m is fixed, sloping 40° from the horizontal; the anchor is comprised of a reinforced thread-bar which was instrumented with strain gauges and founded in nonhomogeneous ground, a sand deposit followed by marly clay. The test aimed at investigating the progressive mobilization of the shear strength along the foundation. The results indicate a very low shear strength offered by the sand, probably disturbed by the drilling, and an unusually fast mobilization of the shear strength in the marly clay at the deep end of the anchor. The results are particularly useful to identify the reasons for the observed poor performance of the grouted anchor. In particular, the study once again made it clear how important the influence of the execution details on reaching the expected load capacity may be, and likewise the practice of investigation tests on suitably instrumented test anchors.
Developing Competency Model For The Project Manager In The Libyan Construction Industry

Managers are more likely to perform better or to stay longer in their position if their personal characteristics meet the requirements of the position. The importance of project manager’s competency to construction derived from the nature of changing business circumstances of the industry. Developing the requisite competency on project manager is to ensure efficient performance that will bring to successful of a project. PEAKS framework was adapted and applied in order to determine the competency of the construction project managers within the Libyan construction industry. Two objectives which are following (i) to identify the construction project manager’s perceptions on the level of importance of the competencies against their personality; and (ii) to determine the level of competencies of construction project managers were proposed to be achieved. Quantitative approach was implemented in this study whereby 50 questionnaires were sent out. However, of these, only 41 questionnaires were returned and analyzed. As result, it can be concluded that our project managers today are at the high level of competent.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ ANXIETY AND SPEAKING SKILL AT STKIP KUSUMA NEGARA JAKARTA (A survey research first semester academic year 2018/2019)

The purpose of this research is to know whether there is any correlation between students’anxiety and speaking skill at STKIP Kusuma Negara Jakarta, first semester academic year 2018/2019.This research used quantitative method and the design was correlational research. The sample of this research consists of 25 students. The data of the students’anxiety were collected by using the questionaire which was adopted from foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale Horwitz et.at FLCAS, while the data of students’speaking skill were collected by using speaking test. In this research, researcher has two variables, independent variable which variable students’anxiety and dependent variable consists of students’ speaking skill.The researcher use SPSS program, before doing the analysis the data normality was tested by using Kolmogorf-Smirnov test to see if the population was distributed normal. The result of this research concluded that there is significant correlation between variable (X) students’anxiety and variable (Y) speaking skill. Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.001 < 0.05. It means that students who have higher speaking skill, they was influenced by anxiety. The value of correlation coefficient is -0.629 <0.5. It means that there is negative correlation between students’anxiety and speaking skill. If the students’anxiety is high so speaking skill is low and if the students’anxiety is low so speaking skill is high.
The Derivation of Gear Transmission Error from Pitch Error Records

The effect of pitch errors on the transmission error of a gear pair has been much studied. In particular, it has been thought that, if pitch error alone is present, the frequency spectrum of the corresponding transmission error will have no components either at the tooth contact frequency or any of its harmonics. This result is here examined, and it is concluded that it is invalid. It is shown that, in general, tooth contact harmonics of significant amplitudes will exist.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE VELOCITY FOR VAULT RUNS IN ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS FOR THE LAST DECADE

The last decade in gymnastics is affected by two revolutionary changes. The introductions of the new vaulting table replacing the former vaulting horse and the 2006 code of points for the evaluation of the competition exercises with an unlimited system removing the maximum value of 10 points are unprecedented large changes in the history of gymnastics. Using competition analysis of the world championships 1997 and 2007 the development on the apparatus vault focused on the running velocity (laser velocity measuring) is described. The main results are: For Yurchenko vaults 2007 women are as fast as men. There has been an important increase in vault run speed since 1997 for men and women. There is one remarkable exception: On Yurchenko vaults men are as fast as ten years before and there is no effect of the new vault table.
EMBANKMENT-DAM BREACH PARAMETERS.

The study used data from 43 embankment-dam failures to develop equations that predict breach formation model parameters. These data include the failure mode, embankment characteristics, reservoir conditions at the time of failure, geometry of the final breach, and the time taken to form the breach. Regression equations were developed to predict (1) the average width of a trapezoidal breach, (2) the average side-slope factor of a trapezoidal breach, and (3) the breach formation time.
Emotionally Engaged Learners Are More Satisfied with Online Courses

Research on massive open online courses (MOOCs) has tended to focus on outcome indicators valued in traditional higher education settings, particularly achievement and completion. This study highlights the differences between MOOCs and credit-bearing university courses and shifts this focus to an alternative outcome indicator—learner satisfaction. In this study, engagement is identified as an important antecedent of learner satisfaction and is conceptualised and operationalised as a multidimensional construct. This study built three regression models to identify the relative importance of behavioural, cognitive, emotional, and social engagement for learner satisfaction after controlling for personal characteristics unrelated to the criteria of good teaching. The analysis showed that engagement explained approximately 20% of the variance in learner satisfaction with MOOCs. Emotional engagement was more influential for predicting learner satisfaction than cognitive engagement and behavioural engagement. Social engagement had no significant effect on learner satisfaction. Demographics (age, education level, and origin) and motivation were of limited utility in predicting learner satisfaction with MOOCs, accounting for 4% and 2% of variance, respectively. Based on research findings, the article presents the following propositions: (1) configure the MOOC teaching and learning environment in a way that enhances emotional engagement; (2) statistically adjust for age, education level, origin, and motivation when interpreting learner satisfaction results; and (3) monitor the level of emotional engagement and implement educational interventions to provide support for emotional disengagers.
CAP-PILE-SOIL INTERACTION OF BORED PILE GROUPS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATION ENGINEERING, SAN FRANCISCO, 12-16 AUGUST 1985

This paper analysed some results of systematic field tests on bored pile group in the non-dense sandy soil and found that cap-pile-soil interaction, under certain conditions, affects "settlement-hardening" and "settlement-softening" in the side resistance of piles; the pile cap brings "weakening effect" to the side resistance and "strengthening effect" to the point resistance. Whether the pile spacing is large or small and the cap is touching the ground or separated from the ground "block failure" does not occur. On the basis of these, a method, in which the cap-pile-soil interaction is considered, for calculating vertical ultimate bearing capacity of a pile group is proposed. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 287689. (TRRL)