Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electron scattering from H2O: Elastic scattering

Differential cross sections for elastic electron scattering from gaseous water are reported. The measurements are obtained using the relative flow method with He as the standard gas and a thin collimating aperture source of gas instead of a conventional needle source. Differential cross sections were measured at incident energies of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, and 100 eV for scattering angles ranging from 5° to 130° and integrated over angles to obtain integral cross sections. Corresponding calculations of the differential cross section are carried out using the Schwinger multichannel method, employing extensive basis sets and considering polarization and dipole-scattering effects. Whereas excellent qualitative agreement with past measurements of differential cross sections is observed, our measurements are found to be consistently in significant quantitative disagreement with these measurements. The present calculations, on the other hand, generally agree in magnitude with previous results.
Non-Verbal Interaction and Students’ Visual Engagement in Mathematics and English classes

Background: The interactions in the classroom are of particular interest to the teaching and learning processes. Objectives: This study examines nonverbal interaction in mathematics classrooms, and how different modes of nonverbal behaviour, contributed to the engagement in lessons. Design: A quantitative study. Setting and Participants: 30 randomly selected students wore mini camera-mounted eyeglasses in their mathematics and English lessons. Approximately 45 hours of video recording were made from these cameras (from a first-person’s perspective) to analyse and compare the nonverbal interaction in mathematics and English lessons. Data collection and analysis: In Google Images, we objectively searched and statistically analysed frames in which the class teachers appeared within the students’ visual field. Results: The results show that how students are visually engaged with the teacher depends on a set of proxemics. Differences were found related to visual attention both regarding the subject matter and the different proxemics of the student in relation to the teacher, pointing out that students are more visually involved with the teachers’ instructions when at a proxemic of 1.20 to 3.70 meters. Furthermore, we report differences between boys and girls and how they are visually engaged in their mathematics classrooms. Conclusions: Finally, we report how teachers pointing gestures can serve as a tool to recapture student’s visual attention in mathematics classrooms.
Dietary Modulation of the Human Gut Microbiota and Metabolome with Flaxseed Preparations

Flaxseeds are typically consumed either as whole flaxseed, ground flaxseed, flaxseed oil, partially defatted flaxseed meal, or as a milk alternative. They are considered a rich source of vitamins, minerals, proteins and peptides, lipids, carbohydrates, lignans, and dietary fiber, which have shown hypolipidemic, antiatherogenic, anticholesterolemic, and anti-inflammatory property activity. Here, an in vitro batch culture model was used to investigate the influence of whole milled flaxseed and partially defatted milled flaxseed press cake on the gut microbiota and the liberation of flaxseed bioactives. Microbial communities were profiled using 16S rRNA gene-based high-throughput sequencing with targeted mass spectrometry measuring lignan, cyclolinopeptide, and bile acid content and HPLC for short-chain fatty acid profiles. Flaxseed supplementation decreased gut microbiota richness with Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes becoming the predominant phyla. Secoisolariciresinol, enterodiol, and enterolactone were rapidly produced with acetic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid being the predominant acids after 24 h of fermentation. The flaxseed press cake and whole flaxseed were equivalent in microbiota changes and functionality. However, press cake may be superior as a functional additive in a variety of foods in terms of consumer acceptance as it would be more resistant to oxidative changes.
New species of Sticta (lichenised Ascomycota, lobarioid Peltigeraceae) from Bolivia suggest a high level of endemism in the Central Andes

﻿Abstract Six species of Sticta are described as new to science on the basis of material from Bolivia and supported by phylogenetic analysis of the fungal ITS barcoding marker. The species were resolved in all three of the clades (I, II, III) widespread and common in the Neotropics, as defined in an earlier study on the genus. Comparison with material from neighbouring countries (i.e. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) suggests that these new species may be potentially endemic to the Bolivian Yungas ecoregion. For each species, a detailed morphological and anatomical description is given. Stictaamboroensis Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking is a medium-sized green-algal species with laminal to submarginal apothecia with hirsute margins and with light to dark brown lower tomentum. Stictaaymara Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada, Flakus, Rodriguez-Flakus & Lücking is a comparatively small cyanobacterial taxon with Nostoc as photobiont, laminal, richly branched, aggregate isidia and a golden to chocolate-brown lower tomentum. The medium-sized, cyanobacterial S.bicellulata Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking has cyanobacterial photobiont, bicellular ascospores, apothecia with white to golden-brown hairs on the margins, K+ violet apothecial margin (ring around disc) and epihymenium and a white to dark brown lower tomentum. In contrast, the green-algal species, S.carrascoensis Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking is characterised by its large size, apothecia with dark brown hairs on the margins and a yellow medulla. The cyanobacterial S.catharinae Ossowska, B. Moncada, Kukwa, Flakus, Rodriguez-Flakus & Lücking forms stipitate thalli with Nostoc as photobiont, abundant, laminal to submarginal apothecia and a golden-brown lower tomentum. Finally, the cyanobacterial S.pseudoimpressula Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking produces laminal apothecia with an orange-yellow line of pruina along the margins which reacts K+ carmine-red. In addition to the six new Bolivian taxa, the cyanobacterial S.narinioana B. Moncada, Ossowska & Lücking is described as new from Colombia and it represents the closely-related sister species of the Bolivian S.aymara; it differs from the latter largely in the marginal instead of laminal isidia.
A Lesson from the Green Pass Experience in Italy: A Narrative Review

The COVID-19 outbreak has raised several global challenges related to disease management while highlighting the need to embrace a multidimensional approach in dealing with events such as. Due to the singular features of SARS-CoV-2, an appropriate medical response was required to develop new vaccines able to tackle it effectively. Mass vaccination plans were thus promptly launched around the world. However, vaccine uptake has been coupled with growing concerns that have affected people’s willingness to get vaccinated. To promote compliance with vaccination campaigns, many governments introduced the use of vaccination certificates and immunization passports. Studies have discussed some benefits and cons coupled with the rollout of vaccine passports or certificates. This paper takes up and extends this discussion by showing the results of a mini- narrative review we undertook with the aim of critically summarizing the existing scholarly research on the Green Pass in Italy. In analyzing the 12 included records, we explored the scientific viability of this measure, as well as the concerns and criticisms it has raised and the recommendations that have been proposed to address them, as a starting point to consider how the lesson learned in the Italian context can contribute to informing future reflections and strategies in view ofanother pandemic event.
Bone-Targeting Nanoparticles of a Dendritic (Aspartic acid)3-Functionalized PEG-PLGA Biopolymer Encapsulating Simvastatin for the Treatment of Osteoporosis in Rat Models

Simvastatin (SIM) is a lipid-lowering drug that also promotes bone formation, but its high liver specificity may cause muscle damage, and the low solubility of lipophilic drugs limits the systemic administration of SIM, especially in osteoporosis (OP) studies. In this study, we utilized the bone-targeting moiety of dendritic oligopeptides consisting of three aspartic acid moieties (dAsp3) and amphiphilic polymers (poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); PEG-PLGA) to create dAsp3-PEG-PLGA (APP) nanoparticles (NPs), which can carry SIM to treat OP. An in vivo imaging system showed that gold nanocluster (GNC)-PLGA/APP NPs had a significantly higher accumulation rate in representative bone tissues. In vivo experiments comparing low-dose SIM treatment (0.25 mg/kg per time, 2 times per week) showed that bone-targeting SIM/APP NPs could increase the bone formation effect compared with non-bone-targeting SIM/PP NPs in a local bone loss of hindlimb suspension (disuse) model, but did not demonstrate good bone formation in a postmenopausal (ovariectomized) model of systemic bone loss. The APP NPs could effectively target high mineral levels in bone tissue and were expected to reduce side effects in other organs affected by SIM. However, in vivo OP model testing showed that the same lower dose could not be used to treat different types of OP.
Modelling Stock Returns with AR-GARCH Processes

Financial returns are often modelled as autoregressive time series with random disturbances having conditional heteroscedastic variances, especially with GARCH type processes. GARCH processes have been intensely studied in financial and econometric literature as risk models of many financial time series. Analyzing two data sets of stock prices we try to fit AR(1) processes with GARCH or EGARCH errors to the log returns. Moreover, hyperbolic or generalized error distributions occur to be good models of white noise distributions.
Biological Evaluation of Platinum(II) Sulfonamido Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxicity, and Biological Imaging

Platinum-based compounds are actively used in clinical trials as anticancer agents. In this study, two novel platinum complexes, (C1 = [PtCl2(N(SO2quin)dpa)], C2 = [PtCl2(N(SO2azobenz)dpa)]) containing quinoline and azobenzene appended dipicolylamine sulfonamide ligands were synthesized in good yield. The singlet attributable to methylene CH2 protons of the ligands of C1 and C2 appears as two doublets in 1H NMR spectra, which confirms the presence of magnetically nonequivalent protons upon coordination to platinum. Structural data of N(SO2quin)dpa (L1), N(SO2azobenz)dpa (L2) and PtCl2(N(SO2quin)dpa) confirmed the formation of the desired compounds. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations suggested that the excitation of L1 show quin-unit-based π⟶π∗ excitations (i.e., ligand-centered charge transfer, LC), while C1 shows the metal-ligand-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLLCT) character. L1 displays intense fluorescence from the 1LC excited state, while C1 gives phosphorescence from the 3LC state. Mammalian cell toxicity of ligands and complexes was assessed with NCI–H292 nonsmall-cell lung cancer cells. Further, C1 and C2 showed significantly low IC50 values compared with N(SO2azobenz)dpa and PtCl2(N(SO2quin)dpa). Fluorescence imaging data of both ligands and complexes revealed the potential fluorescence activity of these compounds for biological imaging. All four compounds are promising novel candidates that can be further investigated on their usage as potential anticancer agents and cancer cell imaging agents.
Subspace Methods and Equilibration in Computer Vision

Many computer vision problems (e.g. the estimation of the fundamental matrix, pure parameters or camera calibration as well as the factorization method) belong to the class of subspace problems which are well-known in signal processing. They essentially consist in dividing a vector space into a lower dimensional data space and an orthogonal error space, based on the information available from a set of measurement vectors. This can be formulated as a rank reduction problem on a perturbed measurement matrix. Considering explicitly the ‘subspace estimation’ nature of a given problem is very often the first step to obtain much better estimates of the sought entities (lower variance, reduced or eliminated bias, .) and often a direct (non-iterative) solution is possible. Besides that, it is crucial to consider the structure of the noise in the given measurements in detail. This dictates the correct error metric which is one of the most important characteristics of the optimization problem to be solved. We begin this paper by examining the error structure of the point correspondences used for two-view motion analysis. Then we introduce the method of equilibration which ensures that this error structure is considered correctly for performing a subspace analysis. Subsequently, we describe the application of subspace methods to four different computer vision problems in order to show their potential for designing better algorithms. With the theoretical background given in this paper, it becomes obvious that the discussed problems must be considered as subspace problems in order to obtain reliable and precise results. While the problems of fundamental matrix estimation, camera calibration and factorization are regarded on a more global scale, the estimation of the pure parameters or plane homography in two-view analysis is examined in more detail. These results are related to a paper recently presented on a workshop [MUE99b] specially devoted to statistical techniques in image analysis. The motivation for presenting these mathematical tools is given by the conviction that practically useful vision algorithms can only be designed on the basis of a full comprehension of the algebraic and statistical nature of the given problem. The authors hope that the present report constitutes an advancement towards this goal.
FarmConners wind farm flow control benchmark – Part 1: Blind test results

Abstract. Wind farm flow control (WFFC) is a topic of interest at several research institutes and industry and certification agencies worldwide. For reliable performance assessment of the technology, the efficiency and the capability of the models applied to WFFC should be carefully evaluated. To address that, the FarmConners consortium has launched a common benchmark for code comparison under controlled operation to demonstrate its potential benefits, such as increased power production. The benchmark builds on available data sets from previous field campaigns, wind tunnel experiments, and high-fidelity simulations. Within that database, four blind tests are defined and 13 participants in total have submitted results for the analysis of single and multiple wakes under WFFC. Here, we present Part I of the FarmConners benchmark results, focusing on the blind tests with large-scale rotors. The observations and/or the model outcomes are evaluated via direct power comparisons at the upstream and downstream turbine(s), as well as the power gain at the wind farm level under wake steering control strategy. Additionally, wake loss reduction is also analysed to support the power performance comparison, where relevant. The majority of the participating models show good agreement with the observations or the reference high-fidelity simulations, especially for lower degrees of upstream misalignment and narrow wake sector. However, the benchmark clearly highlights the importance of the calibration procedure for control-oriented models. The potential effects of limited controlled operation data in calibration are particularly visible via frequent model mismatch for highly deflected wakes, as well as the power loss at the controlled turbine(s). In addition to the flow modelling, the sensitivity of the predicted WFFC benefits to the turbine representation and the implementation of the controller is also underlined. The FarmConners benchmark is the first of its kind to bring a wide variety of data sets, control settings, and model complexities for the (initial) assessment of farm flow control benefits. It forms an important basis for more detailed benchmarks in the future with extended control objectives to assess the true value of WFFC.
PERAMIVIR AND RELATED IMPURITIES IN RAT PLASMA AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES (BIOANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION BY LC-MS/MS)

Objective: New LC-MS/MS method for the estimation of Peramivir and its associated substances was developed and validated Methods: Optimized (Developed) method includes gradient elution of peramivir and its related substances with a flow of 1 ml/min and waters X-bridge C18 column of dimensions 150 mmx4.6 mm, 3. 5µ. 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile were used as the mobile phase. Sarilumab was used as an internal standard. 40 min run time was used to separate peramivir and its related substances. Results: The calibration curve was linear in the concentration percentage range from 10%-200% of Peramivir and its related substances. The calibration charts plotted were linear with a regression coefficient of R2>0.999. Accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effect and stability results were found to be within the suitable limits. A Simple and efficient method was developed and utilized in pharmacokinetic studies to see the investigated analyte in body fluids. Conclusion: This application denotes all parameters such as accuracy, precision, recovery, stability etc, which are in good agreement with the USFDA guidelines and are effectively applied to the investigation of the pharmacokinetic studies in rat plasma.
A Qualitative Study on Barriers to E-Commerce Technologies Uptake by Informal Manufacturing Micro and Small Enterprises in Harare

This study focused on finding out the major barriers inhibiting the uptake of e-commerce by manufacturing Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in Harare, Zimbabwe. E-commerce is one of the major forces to business success, hence small businesses should implement e-commerce systems so as to compete with their bigger counterparts. It has the prospective to increase productivity and effectiveness in many facets of the business operations. Several developing countries across the globe have since started to put critical attention on e-commerce. However, the majority of MSEs in developing nations are still oblivious of the importance of e-commerce in enhancing their business processes, improving their customer base, retaining existing customers and ensuring better customer relationship management (CRM). The sample of the study consisted of 10 participants from metal fabricators and furniture manufacturers operating at Mbare-Magaba area and Glenview Area 8 Home Industry Complex. Data was collected using semi structured in-depth interview questions and data was analysed using content analysis. The findings show that informal MSEs face several barriers that include: high cost of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) equipment and gadgets, incompatibility with business operations, lack of ICTs infrastructure support by the government, accessibility challenges, lack of education and awareness about e-commerce and cultural and trust issues.
Proteomic Analysis Identifies Molecular Players and Biological Processes Specific to SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Endothelial Cells

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been responsible for the severe pandemic of acute respiratory disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), experienced in the 21st century. The clinical manifestations range from mild symptoms to abnormal blood coagulation and severe respiratory failure. In severe cases, COVID-19 manifests as a thromboinflammatory disease. Damage to the vascular compartment caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been linked to thrombosis, triggered by an enhanced immune response. The molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial activation have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to identify the proteins correlated to the molecular response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, which might help to unravel the molecular mechanisms of endothelium activation in COVID-19. In this direction, we exposed HUVECs to SARS-CoV-2 and analyzed the expression of specific cellular receptors, and changes in the proteome of HUVECs at different time points. We identified that HUVECs exhibit non-productive infection without cytopathic effects, in addition to the lack of expression of specific cell receptors known to be essential for SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. We highlighted the enrichment of the protein SUMOylation pathway and the increase in SUMO2, which was confirmed by orthogonal assays. In conclusion, proteomic analysis revealed that the exposure to SARS-CoV-2 induced oxidative stress and changes in protein abundance and pathways enrichment that resembled endothelial dysfunction.
The Effect of Intangible Asset Value, Sustainable Growth Rate, Return on Equity, and Dividend Payout Ratio on Company Market Value

Purpose: This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of intangible asset value, sustainable growth rate, return on equity, and dividend payout ratio on the company's market value with firm age, firm size, and industry classification as control variables. Methodology: The research sample this time is 20 manufacturing companies. The method used in this study is panel data regression with model feasibility testing, this study uses the Fixed Effect Model as the best model in the study. Findings: The test results before and after using the control variables found that the variable value of intangible assets and dividend payout ratio had a significant positive effect on the market value of the company. Meanwhile, the variables of sustainable growth rate and return on equity do not affect the company's market value both before and after using the control variable. Novelty: This study continues previous research by using a different population, adding independent and control variables and using the manufacturing sector.
Understory Clearing in Open Grazed Mediterranean Oak Forests: Assessing the Impact on Vegetation

Over recent years, rural abandonment and climate change have challenged grazed wooded landscapes in Mediterranean mountain regions. Fire hazard management procedures such as grazing, prescribed burning, or mechanical clearing must be adjusted to the new socioeconomic and environmental situation and according to the context and circumstances of each territory. This study contributes to adjusting vegetation management techniques in response to low grazing pressure by evaluating the combined effect of mechanical clearing and grazing on the structural and floristic dynamics of understory vegetation in the open-grazed Mediterranean oak forests of northern Portugal. To this end, three treatments were established: mechanical clearing with grazing, mechanical clearing without grazing, and grazing without clearing (the control). The floristic inventories were carried out using the point quadrat method, and the structure was evaluated using line transects. Herbaceous biomass was determined by destructive methods. This study shows that mechanical vegetation clearing effectively reduces phytovolume and, thus, fire hazards. However, for its effects to endure, it must be combined with subsequent grazing, which does not always occur. No consistent pattern was found in the floristic dynamics of the shrub-grassland mosaic (species richness and diversity) related to shrub-clearing or grazing over the short term (24 months).