Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparison of evolutionary tracks for single Galactic massive stars

Context. The evolution of massive stars is not fully understood. The relation between different types of evolved massive stars is not clear, and the role of factors such as binarity, rotation or magnetism needs to be quantified. Aims. Several groups make available the results of 1D single stellar evolution calculations in the form of evolutionary tracks and isochrones. They use different stellar evolution codes for which the input physics and its implementation varies. In this paper, we aim at comparing the currently available evolutionary tracks for massive stars. We focus on calculations aiming at reproducing the evolution of Galactic stars. Our main goal is to highlight the uncertainties on the predicted evolutionary paths. Methods. We compute stellar evolution models with the codes MESA and STAREVOL. We compare our results with those of four published grids of massive stellar evolution models (Geneva, STERN, Padova and FRANEC codes). We first investigate the effects of overshooting, mass loss, metallicity, chemical composition. We subsequently focus on rotation. Finally, we compare the predictions of published evolutionary models with the observed properties of a large sample of Galactic stars. Results. We find that all models agree well for the main sequence evolution. Large differences in luminosity and temperatures appear for the post main sequence evolution, especially in the cool part of the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram. Depending on the physical ingredients, tracks of different initial masses can overlap, rendering any mass estimate doubtful. For masses between 7 and 20 M� , we find that the main sequence width is slightly too narrow in the Geneva models including rotation. It is (much) too wide for the (STERN) FRANEC models. This conclusion is reached from the investigation of the HR diagram and from the evolution of the surface velocity as a function of surface gravity. An overshooting parameter α between 0.1 and 0.2 in models with rotation is preferred to reproduce the main sequence width. Determinations of surface abundances of carbon and nitrogen are partly inconsistent and cannot be used at present to discriminate between the predictions of published tracks. For stars with initial masses larger than about 60 M� , the FRANEC models with rotation can reproduce the observations of luminous O supergiants and WNh stars, while the Geneva models remain too hot.
The Discrete Rado Number for $x_1 + x_2 + \dots + x_m + c = 2x_0$

For a positive integer $m$ and a real number $c$, let $R = R(m,c,2)$ denote the discrete 2-color Rado number for the equation $x_1 + x_2 + \dots + x_m + c = 2x_0$. In other words, $R$ is the smallest integer such that for any coloring of the integers ${1, 2, \dots, R}$, there exist numbers $x_1, x_2, \dots, x_m, x_0$, all with the same color, such that $x_1 + x_2 + \dots + x_m + c = 2x_0$. In this article we show that if $m \geq 2$ and $c > 0$, then $$ \begin{array}{cc} R(m,c,2) = \begin{cases} \infty & \text{for $m$ even, $c$ odd} \newline \big\lceil \frac{m}{2} \big\lceil \frac{m+c}{2} \big\rceil + \frac{c}{2} \big\rceil & \text{otherwise. } \end{cases} \end{array} $$ For real numbers $a$ and $c$, we look at the 2-color Rado number for the equation $x_1 + c = ax_0$. We show that if $a > 1$ and $c > 0$, then the 2-color continuous Rado number is $$ R_\mathbb{R}(1, c, a) = \begin{cases} \infty & \text{if $a=1$ } \newline \frac{c}{a-1} & \text{otherwise. } \end{cases} $$ From this, we will show that the discrete Rado number is $$ R(1, c, a) = \begin{cases} \frac{c}{a-1} & \text{if $ \left( a-1 \right) \mid c$} \newline \infty & \text{otherwise. } \end{cases} $$
Renormalization group equation for f(R) gravity on hyperbolic spaces

We derive the flow equation for the gravitational effective average action in an $f(R)$ truncation on hyperbolic spacetimes using the exponential parametrization of the metric. In contrast to previous works on compact spaces, we are able to evaluate traces exactly using the optimised cutoff. This reveals in particular that all modes can be integrated out for a finite value of the cutoff due to a gap in the spectrum of the Laplacian, leading to the effective action. Studying polynomial solutions, we find poorer convergence than has been found on compact spacetimes even though at small curvature the equations only differ in the treatment of certain modes. In the vicinity of an asymptotically free fixed point, we find the universal beta function for the $R^2$ coupling and compute the corresponding effective action which involves an $R^2 \log R^2$ quantum correction.
THE EGNoG SURVEY: MOLECULAR GAS IN INTERMEDIATE-REDSHIFT STAR-FORMING GALAXIES

We present the Evolution of molecular Gas in Normal Galaxies (EGNoG) survey, an observational study of molecular gas in 31 star-forming galaxies from z = 0.05 to z = 0.5, with stellar masses of (4–30) × 1010 M☉ and star formation rates of 4–100 M☉ yr−1. This survey probes a relatively un-observed redshift range in which the molecular gas content of galaxies is expected to have evolved significantly. To trace the molecular gas in the EGNoG galaxies, we observe the CO(J = 1 → 0) and CO(J = 3 → 2) rotational lines using the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA). We detect 24 of 31 galaxies and present resolved maps of 10 galaxies in the lower redshift portion of the survey. We use a bimodal prescription for the CO to molecular gas conversion factor, based on specific star formation rate, and compare the EGNoG galaxies to a large sample of galaxies assembled from the literature. We find an average molecular gas depletion time of 0.76 ± 0.54 Gyr for normal galaxies and 0.06 ± 0.04 Gyr for starburst galaxies. We calculate an average molecular gas fraction of 7%–20% at the intermediate redshifts probed by the EGNoG survey. By expressing the molecular gas fraction in terms of the specific star formation rate and molecular gas depletion time (using typical values), we also calculate the expected evolution of the molecular gas fraction with redshift. The predicted behavior agrees well with the significant evolution observed from z ∼ 2.5 to today.
ORDINARY X-RAYS FROM THREE EXTRAORDINARY MILLISECOND PULSARS: XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS OF PSRs J0337+1715, J0636+5129, AND J0645+5158

We present the first X-ray observations of three recently discovered millisecond pulsars (MSPs) with interesting characteristics: PSR J0337+1715, PSR J0636+5129, and PSR J0645+5158. PSR J0337+1715 is a fast-spinning, bright, and so-far unique MSP in a hierarchical triple system with two white dwarf companions. PSR J0636+5129 is an MSP in a very tight 96-minute orbit with a low-mass, 8 MJ companion. PSR J0645+5158 is a nearby, isolated MSP with a very small duty cycle (1%–2%), which has led to its inclusion in high-precision pulsar timing programs. Using data from XMM-Newton, we have analyzed X-ray spectroscopy for these three objects, as well as optical/ultraviolet photometry for PSR J0337+1715. The X-ray data for each are largely consistent with expectations for most MSPs with regards to the ratios of thermal and non-thermal emission. We discuss the implications of these data on the pulsar population, and prospects for future observations of these pulsars.
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE)

Received Dec 16, 2021 Revised Aug 20, 2022 Accepted Sep 12, 2022 The objective of this study was to examine the role of academic self-concept (ASC) in predicting adolescent students’ school engagement by using a cross-sectional research design. Data was collected from 278 (149 males and 129 females) Ethiopian adolescents aged 15 to 20 years old. The result of regression analysis indicated that socioeconomic status (SES) and ASC significantly contributed to the overall school engagement score and the four components of school engagement (behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and agentic engagement). Additionally, the results from hierarchical regression revealed that SES significantly moderated the relationship between ASC and school engagement (β3=1.323; ∆R2=.033, p<.01). However, gender and grade level did not significantly relate to school engagement. As conclusion, ASC is a significant personal trait that has been linked to school engagement in which students from high SES are more advantageous regardless of their gender and grade levels.
Effect of Thin-Walled Radial Sheath for Large-Bore Access On Reducing Periprocedural Radial Artery Occlusion Following Complex PCI: The REDUCE-RAO Randomized Trial

Background : Transradial artery (TRA) access for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was associated with lower risks of major bleeding and vascular complications compared to transfemoral artery access. Use of large-bore ( ≥ 7-Fr) guiding catheters through TRA approach increased the likelihood of radial artery occlusion (RAO). This study aimed to investigate whether use of the thin-walled 7-Fr Glidesheath Slender, allowing PCI with large-caliber guiding catheters, is superior to standard 7-Fr Cordis sheath with respect to periprocedural RAO within 24 hours after transradial coronary intervention (TRI) in complex lesions. Methods : A prospective randomized, controlled, single-blinded (patient-blinded) trial was conducted, randomizing 504 patients with TRI for complex lesions to either 7-Fr Glidesheath Slender or conventional 7-Fr Cordis sheath. The primary outcome was defined as the incidence of periprocedural RAO with Doppler ultrasound during the first 24 hours after TRI. Results : The incidence of early RAO was 10.3% for 7-Fr Glidesheath Slender and 13.5% for conventional 7-Fr sheath ( p = 0.271). The procedural success rate for Glidesheath Slender was 92.9% and for Cordis sheath was 93.7% ( p = 0.722). There was no signficiant difference between treatment arms in terms of local hematoma and radial spasm, whereas use of the Glidesheath Slender was associated with significantly less pain during the procedure (numeric rating scale [NRS], 2.27 ± 0.75 vs. 2.45 ± 0.95, p = 0.017). The assessment of radial artery in ultrasound parameters after complex TRI was improved with Glidesheath Slender. Conclusions : Among patients with complex coronary lesions undergoing TRI, 7-Fr Glidesheath Slender was not superior to conventional 7-Fr in the prevention of periprocedural RAO within 24 hours following complex PCI, without reducing RAO occurrence. Trial Registration : NCT04748068.
A GIS-Based Model for Flood Shelter Locations and Pedestrian Evacuation Scenarios in a Rural Mountain Catchment in Romania

Shelter and evacuation-route planning represents the core of safe and efficient flood management. The methodology detailed in the present study includes an analysis of the suitability of areas for evacuation points, as well as an assessment of the degree of accessibility of those points during evacuation scenarios in small mountainous drainage basins. The analysis is based on water distribution and water-flow increase during the historic 2010 flooding of the Sucevița basin, when the discharge increased in merely 40 min. The proposed model considers the viability of pedestrian evacuation of the local population, as well as the degree of accessibility of nearby evacuation points. Thus, according to the results obtained for the mountain-based locality, 91.68% of the vulnerable population can be evacuated in 30 min, while 8.32% of the inhabitants require up to 54 min to reach an evacuation point. In the case of Marginea, located in a plateau area, the population under analysis can reach one of the evacuation points in approximately 36 min. The present study can support the implementation of non-structural flood management measures and decrease casualties through evacuation optimization.
State of mathematics and science education : schools are not equal : conversations

Mathematics and science are key areas of knowledge for development but South African performance in these areas is still of concern. This policy-related article provides a nuanced analysis of performance indicators. Using Gauteng as a case study the article examines the mathematics trends (the period 1998-2003) in participation and in particular highergrade mathematics, performance and school level quality and then identifies schools that consistently produce high quality mathematics and science results. The article then deepens the analysis by disaggregating the performance and trends according to schools categorised by previous educational departments. The article demonstrates that participation and performance is improving. However access to better learning experiences in mathematics and science is determined by access to financial resources. The article concludes with suggestions for strategies to improve the mathematics and science system. The key strategy suggested is for investment in schools which show potential to succeed and to support them to ensure that their performance increases and endures over time.
Tropical Medicinal Plant Extracts from Indonesia as Antifungal Agents against Candida Albicans.

BACKGROUND Candida albicans is responsible for a wide range of medical ailments, from harmless cutaneous to life-threatening bloodstream infections. Growing cases of antifungal-drug resistance strains of C. albicans become a rationale to explore and develop novel anti-candida agents. In this paper, we assessed the anti-candida activity of the methanolic extracts of various tropical medicinal plants from Myrtaceae, Poaceae, and Zingiberaceae, commonly used in Indonesia to treat fungal infections. METHODS Candida albicans strain ATCC 10231 was used as a subject to assess the anti-Candida activities of plant methanolic extracts through disc diffusion assay. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) were observed. RESULTS All plant extracts in this study showed antifungal activities against C. albicans. Among them, Cymbopogon citratus, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuma aeruginosa, and Zingiber officinale var. rubrum showed the lowest MIC and MFC value of 3.8 mg/mL. CONCLUSIONS The growth inhibition of C. albicans on disc diffusion assay was demonstrated by Z. officinale var. rubrum and C. longa, which were comparable to antifungal nystatin. Further investigation of the chemical constituents of the extracts and the cytotoxicity test is needed to further develop plant-derived anti-candida agents.
A STATISTICAL METHOD FOR MEASURING THE GALACTIC POTENTIAL AND TESTING GRAVITY WITH COLD TIDAL STREAMS

We introduce the Minimum Entropy Method, a simple statistical technique for constraining the Milky Way gravitational potential and simultaneously testing different gravity theories directly from 6D phase-space surveys and without adopting dynamical models. We demonstrate that orbital energy distributions that are separable (i.e., independent of position) have an associated entropy that increases under wrong assumptions about the gravitational potential and/or gravity theory. Of known objects, “cold” tidal streams from low-mass progenitors follow orbital distributions that most nearly satisfy the condition of separability. Although the orbits of tidally stripped stars are perturbed by the progenitor's self-gravity, systematic variations of the energy distribution can be quantified in terms of the cross-entropy of individual tails, giving further sensitivity to theoretical biases in the host potential. The feasibility of using the Minimum Entropy Method to test a wide range of gravity theories is illustrated by evolving restricted N-body models in a Newtonian potential and examining the changes in entropy introduced by Dirac, MONDian, and f(R) gravity modifications.
Macroplastic Transport and Deposition in the Environs of Pulauan River, Dapitan City, Philippines

Plastic pollution is an emerging threat in the riverine ecosystem that affects the marine ecosystem. The Philippines, being an archipelago, is heavily dependent on its marine ecosystem. It is also considered the largest emitter of plastic via rivers. Despite this, limited field studies have been conducted to validate this finding, which is mainly based on numerical models. In this study, we determined the prevalence of macroplastics in Pulauan River, Dapitan City by observing the plastic flux and further comparing the morning and afternoon flux. Macroplastic collection was also performed to compare the plastic densities of three stream areas: upstream, midstream, and downstream. Results show that macroplastic flux in the morning (304 items/h) was significantly higher than in the afternoon (91 items/h). The correlation of macroplastic flux and flow velocity was determined to be positive – suggesting that as macroplastic flow velocity increases, plastic flux tends to increase. Macroplastic collection results showed that upstream density (0.074 items/m2) is significantly lower than midstream (0.559 items/m2) and downstream (0.473 items/m2) densities. This shows that the nearer the area is to the river mouth, the more susceptible it is to plastic litter deposition. The composition of the macroplastic litters observed and collected was attributed to the influences of human activities (aquaculture, fishing, and residential) – where food packaging, plastic bags, and plastic fragments are the top three most abundant. Due to the limitations of this study, there is a need to investigate further the different factors on the transportation and deposition of macroplastic litters in Pulauan River that can help to avoid threats in the aquaculture sector, for which the river is known.
Impact of e-government maturity on public servants’ job satisfaction

While most e-government literature focuses on citizen satisfaction, that of public servants is widely ignored. The purpose of this study is to test the impact of e-government maturity level on public servants’ job satisfaction. Factors shaping the maturity level of e-government were investigated as well as those contributing to government employees’ satisfaction. Government employees working at Palestinian ministries were the target group of this study. They were the closest to the strategic use of e-government facilities. A questionnaire was designed and distributed via e-mails to a random sample of 159 employees; the survey questionnaire was divided into three parts. A 5-point Likert scale was adopted in this study. SPSS v26 was used to test the study hypotheses. The results reveal a significant impact of e-government maturity on the job satisfaction of public servants (R2 = 0.386, p = 0.000). Moreover, all dimensions of e-government maturity have a positive impact on job satisfaction. The results show the impact of e-government maturity dimensions on job satisfaction as follows: internal efficiency (R2 = 0.254, p = 0.000), external efficiency (R2 = 0.343, p = 0.000), good governance (R2 = 0.364, p = 0.000), and leadership (R2 = 0.261, p = 0.000). The findings also show no differences in job satisfaction levels among public servants due to demographic characteristics.
Photo‐z performance for precision cosmology

Current and future weak-lensing surveys will rely on photometrically estimated redshifts of very large numbers of galaxies. In this paper, we address several different aspects of the demanding photo-z performance that will be required for future experiments, such as the proposed ESA Euclid mission. It is first shown that the proposed all-sky near-infrared photometry from Euclid, in combination with anticipated ground-based photometry (e.g. PanStarrs-2 or DES) should yield the required precision in individual photo-z of σ z (z) ≤ 0.05(1 + z) at I AB ≤ 24.5. Simple a priori rejection schemes based on the photometry alone can be tuned to recognize objects with wildly discrepant photo-z and to reduce the outlier fraction to ≤0.25 per cent with only modest loss of otherwise usable objects. Turning to the more challenging problem of determining the mean redshift (z) of a set of galaxies to a precision of |Δ | ≤ 0.002(1+z) we argue that, for many different reasons, this may be best accomplished by relying on the photo-z themselves rather than on the direct measurement of (z) from spectroscopic redshifts of a representative subset of the galaxies, as has usually been envisaged. We present in Appendix A an analysis of the substantial difficulties in the latter approach that arise from the presence of large-scale structure in spectroscopic survey fields. A simple adaptive scheme based on the statistical properties of the photo-z likelihood functions is shown to meet this stringent systematic requirement, although further tests on real data will be required to verify this. We also examine the effect of an imprecise correction for Galactic extinction on the photo-z and the precision with which the Galactic extinction can be determined from the photometric data itself, for galaxies with or without spectroscopic redshifts. We also explore the effects of contamination by fainter overlapping objects in photo-z determination. The overall conclusion of this paper is that the acquisition of photometrically estimated redshifts with the precision required for Euclid, or other similar experiments, will be challenging but possible.
Health beliefs and coping strategies regarding premenstrual syndrome among health college students at Qassim University

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is considered as a cyclic late luteal phase disorder of the menstrual period in which affected women daily living activities and their quality of life which recognized as a series psychological and physical indicators such as grief, anxiety, psychological disturbances, decreased daily living activities, fatigue, altered dietary habits, and sleep pattern disturbances. Aim : to identify health beliefs and coping strategies regarding Premenstrual syndrome among health college students at Qassim University . Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive research design was used for carried out this study on Convenience sampling from all available students at the healthy colleges aged 18-25 years old from 2 nd to 4 th levels (239) female students from Medicine , Nursing , Pharmacy Applied medical sciences Medical rehabilitation and Dentistry at Qassim university . The data was collected by using 3 self-administered tools to collect data as follows ; First tool: includes socio-demographic data contained 11 questions ; Second tool: it measures the health beliefs of premenstrual syndrome contained 25 questions ; Third tool is to measures coping strategies for premenstrual syndrome it contained 33 questions.
Radiosurgery for cerebral cavernous malformations

Objective: A cavernous malformation (CM) is a type of an abnormally large collection of “low-flow” vascular channels without brain parenchyma intervening between the sinusoidal vessels; these occult lesions on transfemoral catheter angiograms were formerly known as “cryptic” vascular lesions. In this review, we briefly describe the overall characteristics of cerebral CMs and summarize radiosurgical methods and results of radiosurgery as treatment for CMs. Methods: The incidence, definition, and natural history of cerebral CMs are described. The principal issues of CMs are recurrent bleeding and seizures. These issues are compared to the radiosurgical interventions for CMs.Results: The rebleeding rates of CMs after radiosurgery is difficult to compare directly with untreated lesions because treated lesions are innately more vulnerable to rebleeding. Seizure outcomes after radiosurgery are also not easily estimated because of the various lesion locations; nevertheless, radiosurgery is an important treatment option for CMs in eloquent areas.Conclusion: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for CM has been effectively and widely used in recent years. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging and radiosurgery, as well as better studies of this condition’s natural history, are increasingly supporting the role of SRS as a complementary tool in CM treatment. More research is needed.