Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wearable Airbag System for Real-Time Bicycle Rider Accident Recognition by Orthogonal Convolutional Neural Network (O-CNN) Model

As demand for bicycles increases, bicycle-related accidents are on the rise. There are many items such as helmets and racing suits for bicycles, but many people do not wear helmets even if they are the most basic safety protection. To protect the rider from accidents, technology is needed to measure the rider’s motion condition in real time, determine whether an accident has occurred, and cope with the accident. This paper describes an artificial intelligence airbag. The artificial intelligence airbag is a system that measures real-time motion conditions of a bicycle rider using a six-axis sensor and judges accidents with artificial intelligence to prevent neck injuries. The MPU 6050 is used to understand changes in the rider’s movement in normal and accident conditions. The angle is determined by using the measured data and artificial intelligence to determine whether an accident happened or not by analyzing acceleration and angle. In this paper, similar methods of artificial intelligence (NN, PNN, CNN, PNN-CNN) to are compared to the orthogonal convolutional neural network (O-CNN) method in terms of the performance of judgment accuracy for accident situations. The artificial neural networks were applied to the airbag system and verified the reliability and judgment in advance.
Characterization of the dynamic mechanical properties of sisal fiber reinforced PET composites; Effect of fiber loading and fiber surface modification

Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is an essential procedure for characterizing the performance of composites and effectively simulate with the real-world applications. This research work aims to characterize the dynamic mechanical (DM) properties of sisal fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composites as a factor of fiber content and fiber surface modification. The effect of elevated processing temperature (>260°C) on the thermal degradation of sisal fibers is also analyzed. To study the effect of sisal fiber loading, PET composite specimens; one with 25% by weight fraction of raw sisal fiber (w/w), abbreviated as 25% RSC and the other with 40% by weight fraction (w/w) of raw sisal fiber, hereafter abbreviated as 40% RSC, were prepared by injection molding. Similarly, to analyze the impact of fiber surface modifications, PET composite samples containing 40% by weight fraction (w/w) of alkali-treated sisal, hereafter abbreviated as (40% Al-SC), and 40% by weight fraction (w/w) of a combined alkali/acetylation-treated sisal, hereafter abbreviated as (40% Al-ASC), were prepared. It was found that the fiber volume fraction and fiber surface modifications affected the DM properties of the produced composites. The improved storage module and glass transition temperature (Tg) with minimized damping has been demonstrated by increasing fiber content. With the same 40% fiber content, the composites produced from modified fibers enhanced the storage modulus and Tg values. However, with increasing temperature, the storage modulus decreased, the loss modulus increased, and the damping factor increased with composites containing higher fiber content and surface modified fibers. This indicates the low thermal stability of the sisal fiber and the interface damage at elevated temperatures.
Associations Between Negative Symptoms and Effort Discounting in Patients With Schizophrenia and Major Depressive Disorder

Abstract Deficits in goal-directed decision making and motivation are hallmark characteristics of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Studies using effort-based decision-making tasks have shown that both patients with SZ and MDD invest less physical effort in order to obtain rewards. However, how these motivational deficits relate to clinically assessed symptom dimensions such as apathy remains controversial. Using a grip-strength-based effort discounting task we assessed effort-based decision-making behavior in healthy controls (HC) (N = 18), patients with SZ (N = 42), and MDD (N = 44). We then investigated how effort discounting relates to different symptom dimensions. There were no differences in effort discounting between HC participants and patients with SZ or MDD. In addition, we did not observe a correlation between effort discounting and negative symptoms (NS) in patients with SZ or MDD. In conclusion, the current study does not support an association between effort discounting and NS in SZ or MDD. Further studies are needed to investigate effort discounting and its relation to psychopathological dimensions across different neuropsychiatric disorders.
Career Goal Profiles of Early Career Scientists: A Person-Centered Approach

Obtaining a doctorate offers various career options. This study takes a person-centered approach to identify interest profiles. Career goals (professorate, entrepreneur, etc.) were assessed at two time points (1-year interval) in a sample of doctoral students and doctorate holders from the STEM fields in German-speaking areas (NT1 = 2,077). Latent profile analysis revealed that a four-profile solution provided the best data fit: At T1, 33.0% of the participants aimed for a management position in industry, 16.9% pursued an academic career, 30.1% were interested in activities without leadership responsibilities, and 20.1% had a relatively flat career-goal profile. Latent transition analysis indicated that most changes occurred for those classified into the flat profile, while strong interest in a management career was very stable over time. Additionally, the attainment of the doctorate seemed to be a good predictor for profile membership: Doctorate holders were more likely to be clearly dedicated to an academic career.
A Case Report of Chronic Stress in Honey Bee Colonies Induced by Pathogens and Acaricide Residues

In this case report, we analyze the possible causes of the poor health status of a professional Apis mellifera iberiensis apiary located in Gajanejos (Guadalajara, Spain). Several factors that potentially favor colony collapse were identified, including Nosema ceranae infection, alone or in combination with other factors (e.g., BQCV and DWV infection), and the accumulation of acaricides commonly used to control Varroa destructor in the beebread (coumaphos and tau-fluvalinate). Based on the levels of residues, the average toxic unit estimated for the apiary suggests a possible increase in vulnerability to infection by N. ceranae due to the presence of high levels of acaricides and the unusual climatic conditions of the year of the collapse event. These data highlight the importance of evaluating these factors in future monitoring programs, as well as the need to adopt adequate preventive measures as part of national and international welfare programs aimed at guaranteeing the health and fitness of bees.
Quality Assurance, Safety and Acceptability of Odourless Fufu Flour Produced from White and Yellow-Flesh Cassava using NSPRI-Technology

Fufu is one of the major fermented cassava food product widely consumed in Nigeria. Due to several unhygienic methods of preparation and objectionable odour, this study was carried out to investigate the nutritional, cyanide, rheological and microbial properties of odourless fufu flours produced from white and yellow flesh cassava using Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI) Technology and sensory properties of smooth dough prepared from the reconstituted flours. The results showed that both white and yellow odourless fufu has safe moisture content (4.34 to 7.21%). It was also observed that white and yellow odourless fufu had an improved pasting properties with pasting temperature and viscosity of (71.85C to 75.23C and 3088cp 3797cP), The Cyanide content and microbial analysis of both flours were within the safe range with no coliform bacterial present. The sensory evaluation from panelists showed that white odourless fufu had a better overall acceptability despite yellow flesh having higher ascorbic acid and T. carotenoid content. From the study, it can be concluded that the cyanide content, microbial load of the processed flour samples using NSPRI technology were at a safe level. Which makes it safe for consumption and the level of moisture content of the flours would make the flours suitable for long term storage.
Synergistic Activity of Lupinifolin in Combinations with Antibiotics Against Staphylococcus aureus.

Background and Objective: Antibacterial resistance is one of the top global public health problems. The use of natural substances, which can enhance the antibacterial activity of currently used medications, is a promising alternative to oppose antibacterial resistance. The pharmacological activities of lupinifolin, a prenylated flavanone isolated from stems of Derris reticulata Craib. , against growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus have been previously documented. Nonetheless, interactions between lupinifolin and other antibacterial agents have not been determined. This study aimed to investigate the effects of lupinifolin in combinations with some antibacterial agents, specifically ampicillin, cloxacillin or vancomycin, against S. mutans, Methicillin-Sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Materials and Methods: The checkerboard assay was performed to determine the antibacterial activity of lupinifolin plus the testing antibacterial agents. The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) was calculated to indicate the interaction between lupinifolin and the antibacterial agent tested. Results: Lupinifolin exerted the synergistic activity when using in combination with ampicillin or cloxacillin against MSSA with the FICIs of <</u>0.5. The potential synergistic effect was also observed with lupinifolin plus ampicillin or cloxacillin against MRSA. However, the combination of lupinifolin plus vancomycin resulted in no interaction against MRSA. The combined effects of lupinifolin and ampicillin or cloxacillin against S. mutans were somewhat ambiguous with the borderline values of FICI of 0.5156 and 0.5625, respectively. Conclusion: Lupinifolin potentially plays a role as an antibacterial intensifier against some pathogenic gram-positive bacteria, particularly MSSA and MRSA. Nonetheless, further experiments are required to explain the precise mechanism of synergy.
Autonomy-Supportive Classroom Climate in Mixed-Grade Classes in a Japanese Elementary School

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an autonomy-supportive classroom climate on intrinsic motivation in mixed-grade classes. A total of 398 children (eight to twelve years old) in a Japanese elementary school participated in a questionnaire study with two measurement occasions. Path analysis revealed that perceived autonomy-supportive classroom climate was related to perceived active participation structure, which, in turn, was related to intrinsic motivation. The effects of perceived autonomy-supportive classroom climate on intrinsic motivation were mediated by the perceived active participation structure. These relationships did not vary with the children’s grades. These results suggest that an autonomy-supportive classroom climate promotes children’s intrinsic motivation in mixed-grade classes.
FIRST MEASUREMENT OF INTERFERENCE FRAGMENTATION ON A TRANSVERSELY POLARIZED HYDROGEN TARGET

The HERMES experiment has measured for the first time single target‐spin asymmetries in semi‐inclusive two‐pion production using a transversely polarized hydrogen target. These asymmetries are related to the product of two unknowns, the transversity distribution function and the interference fragmentation function. In the invariant mass range 0.51 GeV < Mπ+π− < 0.97 GeV the measured asymmetry deviates significantly from zero, indicating that two‐pion semi‐inclusive deep‐inelastic scattering can be used to probe transversity.
Energy-Efficient Retrofit Measures (EERM) in Residential Buildings: An Application of Discrete Choice Modelling

Cross-country evidence on the adoption of energy-efficient retrofit measures (EERMs) in residential buildings is critical to supporting the development of national and pan-European policies aimed at fostering the energy performance upgrade of the building stock. In this light, the aim of this paper is to advance in the understanding of the probability of certain EERMs taking place in eight EU countries, according to a set of parameters, such as building typology, project types, and motivation behind the project. Using these parameters collected via a multi-country online survey, a set of discrete-choice (conditional logit) models are estimated on the probability of selecting a choice of any combination of 33 EERMs across the sampled countries. Results show that actions related to the building envelope are the most often-addressed across countries and single building elements or technology measures have a higher probability of being implemented. The modelling framework developed in this study contributes to the scientific community in three ways: (1) establishing an empirical relationship among EERMs and project (i.e., retrofit and deep retrofit), (2) identifying commonalities and differences across the selected countries, and (3) quantifying the probabilities and market shares of various EERMs.
Understanding the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Behavior of the CO2/CH4 Gas Mixture within the Porous Zirconium Terephthalate UiO-66(Zr): A Joint Experimental and Modeling Approach

A combination of experimental (gravimetry, microcalorimetry, and quasi-elastic neutron scattering) measurements and molecular modeling was employed to understand the coadsorption of CO2 and CH4 in the zirconium terephthalate UiO-66(Zr) material from both the thermodynamic and kinetic points of view. It was shown that each type of molecules adsorb preferentially in two different porosities of the material, that is, while CO2 occupy the tetrahedral cages, CH4 are pushed to the octahedral cages. Further, a very unusual dynamic behavior was also pointed out with the slower molecule, that is, CO2, enhancing the mobility of the fast one, that is, CH4, that contrasts with those usually observed so far for the CO2/CH4 mixture in narrow window zeolites where the molecules are most commonly diffusing independently or slowing-down the partner species. Such behavior was interpreted in light of molecular simulations that evidenced a jump type mechanism involving a tetrahedral cages–octahedral cages–tetrahedral cages s.
Generating graphs randomly

Graphs are used in many disciplines to model the relationships that exist between objects in a complex discrete system. Researchers may wish to compare a network of interest to a “typical” graph from a family (or ensemble) of graphs which are similar in some way. One way to do this is to take a sample of several random graphs from the family, to gather information about what is “typical”. Hence there is a need for algorithms which can generate graphs uniformly (or approximately uniformly) at random from the given family. Since a large sample may be required, the algorithm should also be computationally efficient. Rigorous analysis of such algorithms is often challenging, involving both combinatorial and probabilistic arguments. We will focus mainly on the set of all simple graphs with a particular degree sequence, and describe several different algorithms for sampling graphs from this family uniformly, or almost uniformly.
A Wideband mmWave Antenna in Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging With Tall Vertical Interconnects for 5G Wireless Communication

A novel fan-out wafer-level packaging (FOWLP) technology with double-sided redistribution layers (RDLs) and tall copper vertical interconnects is described. The design of a dual-polarized magnetoelectric (ME) dipole antenna based on this new packaging technology is presented. It is shown that the antenna with a size of $10\times10$ mm2 achieves good impedance matching and a stable radiation pattern over a wide bandwidth from 25 to 43 GHz, which can cover most of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks in different countries. The measurement results demonstrate that the antenna is well suited for FOWLP technology and can be used for phased-array modules in 5G wireless communication systems.
Addictive Use of Social Media and Motivations for Social Media Use Among Emerging Adult University Students

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine motivations for social media use (social connectedness, entertainment, social recognition, information) and its relationship with the addictive use of social media among emerging adult university students. Method: In this quantitative study, data were collected from emerging adult university students (N = 446) who completed The Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and the Scale of Motives for Using Social Networking Sites (SMU-SNS). Results: The findings showed a moderately strong, positive relationship between addictive use of social media and social connectedness and social recognition motivations. The findings also revealed that females and on-campus students more frequently experience the addictive use of social media than males and off-campus students. Conclusion: The findings from this study provided broad support for the notion that there are significant results that it may still be important to explore a further understanding of the link between the addictive use of social media and different motivations for social media use.
Demographic factors and turnover intentions of teachers’ in public secondary schools in Kenya

This study aims to investigate the effect of demographic factors on the turnover intentions of teachers in public secondary schools in Murang’a county Kenya. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: To investigate the association between age and education and turnover intentions; to establish the association between gender and turnover intentions; to determine the association between tenure and turnover intentions and to establish the association between educational level and turnover intentions. The study was guided by the Social exchange and Organization equilibrium theories. This study was a cross-sectional study and adopted descriptive and explanatory research designs. The target population was 3752 Teachers Service Commission (TSC) teachers in 304 public secondary schools in Murang’a county Kenya. The study thus used multi-stage random to select a sample size of 400 teachers and 40 schools. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data. Data were analyzed using cross-tabulation and Pearson Chi-square statistics. The study findings indicated that age has a significant association with turnover intentions while employee tenure, gender, and educational level have no significant association with turnover intentions. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee SSBFNET, Istanbul, Turkey. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Triggering Factors in Patients Diagnosed Urticaria

Background: Urticaria is a skin disease that is common in all societies and characterized by itchy and edematous plaques that appear suddenly and disappear spontaneously within the same day. Urticaria that lasts for less than six weeks is called acute, while urticaria that lasts longer and can last for years is chronic. While antihistamines are preferred in the first place in treatment, other treatment options may be considered according to the treatment response. In addition to diagnosis and treatment, it is essential to identify and eliminate triggering factors. Common triggers include physical triggers, foods, medicines, fatigue, stress, infections, smoking, dust, pollen and the premenstrual period. Materials and Methods: In our study, the files of 145 patients who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic between 1 January 2019 and 1 September 2020 were retrospectively scanned. Results: Ninety-one (62.7%) of the patients were female, 54 (37.2%) were male. Average age was 38.9. While triggering factors are seen in 62 (42.7%) of the patients; dermographism was seen in 37 (25.5%) of the patients. Trigger factors were common in women and between the ages of 20 and 40. Physical triggers were the most common triggers, followed by foods and drugs. Conclusion: Urticaria is a dermatological emergency affecting the patient’s quality of life. Therefore, success in treatment is very important. Finding and removing triggering factors besides pharmacological treatment will significantly improve the patient’s quality of life.
Accounting Conservatism, Information Asymmetry and Cash Holdings

This paper focuses on explore the association between accounting conservatism and cash holding through a mediating effect of information asymmetry (IA) for Egyptian firms listed in EGX 100 within the period between 2013 -2018 through 124 firms with 703 firm-observations. The results indicates that (1) conservatism doesn’t have an enormous effect on information asymmetry, (2) information asymmetry doesn’t have a serious effect on cash holding, (3) there’s not any mediation role of information asymmetry within the relationship between conservatism and cash, (4) conservatism effect a negatively on cash holding.
Spatial patterns of urbanisation in Sub-Saharan Africa: A case study of Uganda

ABSTRACT Sub-Saharan Africa is rapidly urbanising. This urbanisation may contribute to socio-economic development as more people participate in the urban economy. Nevertheless, rapid urbanisation is not always sustainable. Primary cities often grow fast, leaving secondary towns lagging behind with weaker economies. Viable strategies for sustainable urbanisation may therefore also need to focus on developing secondary towns. Nevertheless, very few studies, hitherto, have assessed the (relative) importance of secondary towns in urbanisation process in Sub-Saharan Africa. We aim to address this gap by studying the patterns and explanatory factors of urban population growth in Uganda. Based on a longitudinal analysis of population rank-size distribution, we show that the population distribution gap between secondary towns and the primary city is widening. Nevertheless, statistical analyses further indicate that secondary towns with above 50 000 inhabitants have the highest population growth rates. This indicates that future investments should aim at upgrading socio-economic infrastructures in secondary towns.
Measurement of Zakat Impact on Baitul Maal Hidayatullah: Evidence from Indonesia

Zakat is the third pillar of Islam that must be fulfilled by every Muslim who has a sufficient amount of zakat. The purpose of zakat management is to increase the benefits of zakat in creating social welfare and poverty alleviation. This study aims to measure the impact of zakat on the welfare of mustahiq using the Center of Islamic Business and Economic Studies (CIBEST) model. The research sample consisted of mustahiq households who received zakat funds from the Baitul Maal Hidayatullah Amil Zakat Institute (LAZ BMH). Measuring the impact of zakat using the CIBEST model includes both material and spiritual aspects. The primary data were collected using a questionnaire. The results of the study found that the mustahiq household welfare index value increased by 11.5 per cent. In terms of material, productive zakat succeeded in reducing material poverty by 11.5 per cent. However, the zakat assistance provided does not have a significant effect on poverty alleviation. In the spiritual aspect, productive zakat can maintain mustahiq's spiritual stability. Therefore, as a form of accountability, both vertically and horizontally, to Allah SWT, the impact of zakat must be increased from both material and spiritual aspects.