Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Benchmarks : integrating affective and interpersonal circles with the big-five personality factors

Previous research on the Big Five personality factors has not accounted for trait variables interstitial to the factor poles. To better integrate interstitial variables with the Big Five and to provide a framework for reconciling variant versions of the 5 factors, 636 self- and peer ratings using a set of 394 trait adjectives were analyzed. Pairings of 3 factors (I, II, and IV) showed a markedly large incidence of interstitial variables. These 3 factors, referencing affective and interpersonal traits, formed a 3-dimensional space. Adjective clusters defining both factor-univocal and interstitial benchmark positikons in this space were developed. The 3 circles defined by the clusters showed appropriate circumplex characteristics when examined in an independent sample of 205 peer ratings. Two of these circles corresponded to the affective and interpersonal circles defined by personality research
Effects of mowing and removing litter on reproductive shoot modules of some plant species in abandoned meadows of Monte San Giorgio

Reproductive shoot modules have been counted in a permanent plot experiment on Monte San Giorgio (Southern Switzerland) since 1988. The 8 species presented here, including the dominant grass (Molinia arundinacea) and seven locally abundant species, two grasses (Danthonia alpina, Bromus erectus), a sedge (Carex flacca) and four forbs (Centaurea bracteata, Anthericum ramosum, Serratula tinctoria, Inula hirta) changed considerably from year to year. Mowing negatively affected cover and standing crop proportions of M. arundinacea and positively influenced the number of reproductive shoot modules of most species. Removing litter did not affect the cover of M. arundinacea but mainly increased its number of reproductive shoot modules. It is concluded that density of reproductive shoots is very sensitive to weather condi¬ tions and different treatments.
Sleep Quality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background This study aims to evaluate the sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to assess the relevance of other factors to sleep quality. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out at the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics (NCDEG) in Amman, Jordan, during the period from October 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. A total of 1,211 (540 male and 671 female) patients with T2DM were recruited. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) to assess the sleep quality with a cutoff point of PSQI ≥ 8. Participants’ demographic background data were also recorded. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 22. Results The mean age of our patients was 58.8 ± 9.74 years. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 32.67 ± 6.1 kg/m2, and mean duration of diabetes was 10.3 ± 7.38 years. The mean PSQI score was 10.2 ± 3.10. In the present study, poor sleep quality was reported in 81% of participants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that poor sleep quality was significantly associated with high HbA1c, female gender, smoking, unemployment, and insulin use. The study showed that subjective sleep quality and quantity, night sleep disturbance, and daytime dysfunction were risk factors for poor glycemic control. Conclusions In our series, patients with T2DM (81%) have poor sleep quality. Females, smokers, unemployed individuals, insulin users and patients with uncontrolled diabetes seem to be significantly at higher risk of poor sleep quality.
Small-scale orographic gravity wave drag in stable boundary layers and its impacts on synoptic systems and near surface meteorology: Orographic Gravity Wave Drag in Stable Boundary Layers

At present atmospheric models for weather and climate use enhanced turbulent drag under stable conditions, because these empirically provide the necessary momentum drag for accurate forecast of synoptic systems. The enhanced mixing (also known as the ‘long tail’), introduces drag that cannot be physically justified and degrades the score for near-surface temperature, wind and boundary-layer height, and degrades fog and frost forecasting. This study hypothesizes that the insufficient representation of small-scale orographic gravity wave drag in the stable boundary layer may explain the need for the enhanced drag formulation. Hence, we introduce a new scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting model that accounts for this drag as a superposition on the turbulent drag induced by a so-called short-tail mixing function. The latter is consistent with boundary-layer observations and large-eddy simulations. We evaluate this scheme, against a short-tail and a long-tail scheme for sixteen eight-day forecasts over the Atlantic Ocean and Europe in winter. The new scheme outperforms the shortand long-tail schemes on sea-level pressure, height of the 500 hPa field, 10 m wind and the cyclonic core pressure. Cyclonic core pressure bias is reduced by approximately 45 to 80% compared to the short-tail scheme. Sea-level pressure bias is reduced by up to 0.48 hPa (50%) over the whole domain compared to the short-tail run. The new scheme has even smaller biases than the long-tail scheme, supporting our hypothesis that small-scale gravity wave drag may explain the need for a long-tail function. Near-surface wind bias is reduced by up to 40% compared to the long-tail and up to 32% compared to the short-tail scheme, while the 2 m temperature bias is only slightly increased (19%).
Native microhabitats better predict tolerance to warming than latitudinal macro‐climatic variables in arid‐zone plants

Understanding species ability to withstand heat stress is paramount for predicting their response to increasing temperatures and decreasing rainfall. Arid systems are subject to climatic extremes, where plants, being immobile, live on the frontline of climate change. Our aim was to investigate whether: (1) warming tolerance [WT = the difference between a species physiological thermal damage threshold (T50) and the maximum temperature within its distribution (Thab)] for desert plants is higher at high latitudes, as has been shown for terrestrial ectotherms, and (2) if T50 of desert plants better corresponds with broad climatic indicators or species native microhabitats.
Incidence of Nasal Carriers of Staphylococcus aureus Among Undergraduate Nursing Students in the City of Belford Roxo, Brazil

DOI: 10.21276/sjmps.2018. 4.6. 4 Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium that affects humans and causes several syndromes and infections with fast evolution which can endanger the patient's life. Investigate the incidence of nasal carriers of S. aureus among graduation nursing students who attends to the hospital for at least one year. 122 samples from the nasal cavities were analyzed. The identification of the bacteria was performed by conventional bacteriological methods. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the BioMerieux Vitek system in the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Brazilian Army Biology Institute IBEx. Of the 122 examined students, 51 were carriers of S. aureus, corresponding to a prevalence of 41.8%. The results demonstrated that nursing students who attend the hospital environment are more susceptible to carry S. aureus antibiotic-resistant strains. We suggest periodic medical exams to these students for appropriated antibiotic therapy and adopt precautionary measures in order to avoid the interpersonal transmission of the bacteria in the relationship with health professionals and patients at the hospital environment.
Bio-insecticidal effects of plant extracts and oil emulsions of Ricinus communis L. (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae) on the diamondback, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) under laboratory and semi-field conditions

Objective : The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of using Ricinus communis leaf, root, seed kernel crude extracts and oil emulsion to control the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Methodology and results: The effect of different treatments of R. Communis plant extract (20%) and oil emulsion (5% and 10%) and their persistence (0, 3 and 5 days after application; DAA) on mortality and oviposition behaviour of P. xylostella were tested in laboratory and field cage experiments. In general, R. communis products have strong larvicidal effect on P. xylostella , with 100% mortality recorded on 3 rd instar larvae treated with 10% oil emulsion in both ingestion and contact toxicity tests. Aqueous extracts were significantly less toxic with the highest mortality rates (67.49 ± 1.98% and 70.86 ± 0.85%) recorded with seed kernel extract and the lowest with the root extract (53.98 ± 1.21% and 54.87 ± 1.88%), in topical toxicity and ingestion toxicity experiments, respectively. The adult emergence was significantly affected with the lowest emergence rate recorded in 5% oil emulsion, 57.72 ± 72% and 49.98 ± 0.98% in topical toxicity and ingestion toxicity tests, respectively. No significant different was noted between Dursban and aqueous extract treatments. Among emerged adults from larvae treated with oil and aqueous extracts, a 44–79% abnormal development as wings and legs deformation were observed. The sex ratio was skewed in favour of males among F1 progeny from Durban and R. communis treated insects and in favour of females in controls. In field-cage experiments, treated plants had strong larvicidal and oviposition deterrent index on P. xylostella . The oviposition deterrence index was highest with castor bean oil at a concentration of 10%. Diamondback females clearly discriminated between plants sprayed with R. communis products and those with water. Treating diamondback-infested cabbage plants with plant extracts and oil emulsions resulted in more than 59% mortality 7 DAA. Experiments on the residual effects revealed a significant decrease in larval mortality with time between the botanical application and insect release. Conclusion and application of findings: In view of the low oviposition rates, oviposition deterrent, immature mortality, and the relatively low persistence of the toxic ricin oil, it can be expected that the use of R. communis product be suitable for P. xylostella population density reduction in the field.
Short-Term Outcomes of Treatment of Open Fracture of Long Bone Using Surgical Implant Generation Network Nail at Kumi Orthopaedic Center, Uganda

Background: The SIGN (Surgical Implant Generation Network) intramedullary nail is commonly used to treat fractures of long bones i.e.; femur, tibia and humerus. This study was undertaken to evaluate the short-term outcomes of treatment of open fracture of long bone using SIGN nail at Kumi Orthopaedic Center, Uganda. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 564 surgical cases of patients who had been treated with SIGN nail at Kumi Orthopaedic Center using the SIGN Online Surgical Database (SOSD) from 2010 to March 2018. We extracted data on patients who had been treated with SIGN nail for open fractures of long bones with at least one followup. Extracted data was analyzed using SPSS and prevalence was calculated as the percentage of cases with open fractures of long bones divided by the total number cases treated using SIGN nail at Kumi Orthopaedic Center. Results: A total of 55 open fractures of long bones were extracted from the SOSD. 35 cases met the inclusion criteria for this study. Prevalence of long bone open fractures was 9.4%. 74.3% of these cases were male while 25.7% were female. Their mean age was 34.7 years. 60% of the open fractures were Gustilo IIIa, 14.3% were Gustilo I, 14.3% were Gustilo II while 11.4% were Gustilo III. The mostly affected bone was the tibia at 51.4% with the femur taking up 48.6%. Mean time of skin closure was 11.5 days. 88.6% had no infection while 11.4% contracted infections. 2.9% of the cases resulted in non-union. 85.7% of the cases had knee flexion greater than 90 degrees whereas 14.3% could not flex the affected knees beyond 90 degrees. There were no deformities in 100% of the cases. Conclusion: Treating open fractures of long bones using SIGN nail has relatively good short-term outcomes.
Evaluation of results of minimally invasive per cutaneous surgeries in management of calcaneal fractures

<h3> </h3><p><strong>Background:</strong> To analyze the outcome percutaneous surgeries in fractures of the calcaneum. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 20 patients admitted in a tertiary care center in Ahmedabad were followed up from admission to until 2 years post operatively and functional outcomes in them following operative intervention were analyzed using AOFAS and Maryland scoring system. <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of patients have excellent or good outcome following percutaneous surgery in fractures of the calcaneum. The results were evaluated for 22 people with intraarticular calcaneum fractures using the Maryland foot score and AOFAS score. The mean AOFAS score was 86. There were 6 excellent, 12 good and 4 fair results. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Percutaneous fixation in fractures of the calcaneum is a middle path in treatment of calcaneum fracture having the benefit of better reduction of ORIF plating and lesser soft tissue injury or chances of infection of conservative management. </p>
Treatment of drug-resistant chronic schizophrenics with an association of neuroleptics and the calcium antagonist nimodipine

Summary Nimodipine was administered at the daily dose of 90 mg po, for 30 days, to ten chronic undifferentiated schizophrenics, eight men and two women, aged 31-35 years, maintained on previously longlasting neuroleptic treatments. In five patients, a placebo period of 15 days preceded the administration of the drug. Monitoring of psychiatric symptomatology by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) revealed significant nimodipine-induced improvement. However, the Andreasen Rating Scale for Positive Symptoms (SAPS) showed favourable effects only in the five patients who had not received placebo, while in the others both SAPS and the Andreasen Rating Scale for Negative Symptoms (SANS) showed no significant effect of therapy. The Tardive Dyskinesia Scale revealed no improvements of neurological symptoms after either placebo or drug treatment. Measurement of plasma MHPG concentrations revealed no significant changes induced by either placebo or nimodipine, while HVA plasma levels showed a trend toward decrease, and prolactin a trend toward increase, after nimodipine.
Early life history of the tautog Tautoga onitis in the Mid-Atlantic Bight

presented in Auster (1989). Both juvenile and adult tautog are dependent on habitats with structure or cover, which presumably aids in protection from predators (Olla et al. 1974 and 1979, OlIa and Studholme 1975). Tautogs typically become quiescent at night, resting in association with some type of shelter (Olla et al. 1974). Smaller fish (subadults <25 cm) may range only a few meters from that shelter during daytime activity, while larger individuals (adults >30cm) cover a broader area for foraging, returning to the same general shelter area at night (Olla et al. 1974). Declining water temperatures in the fall trigger an offshore migration of adults (age 4 +). An increase in schooling behavior and night activity also occurs (Olla et al, 1980), perhaps related to migratory activity. Laboratory studies indicate that adults attain a dormant state at temperatures <5°C. Juveniles (age 2-3) also become torpid in winter, but they remain inshore, either partially buried or in close proximity to structure (Olla et al, 1974). In spring and summer adults return to inshore habitats. On hard-bottom reefs off Maryland
Effects of a diet high in resistant starch on fermentation end‐products of protein and mucin secretion in the colons of pigs

The fermentation of protein in the hindgut of humans and animals is associated closely with the host health. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of long-term intake of a diet high in resistant starch (RS) on the fermentation end-products of protein and mucin secretion in the colons of pigs. Thirty-six Duroc × Landrace × Large White growing barrows were randomly allocated to corn starch (CS) and raw potato starch (RPS, high in RS) groups. Pigs in the CS group were offered a corn–soybean-based diet, while pigs in the RPS group were put on a diet in which 230 g/kg (growing) or 280 g/kg (finishing) purified CS was replaced with purified RPS during a 100-day trial. At the age of 170 days, the digesta and mucosa samples from the colons of pigs were collected for the chemical and gene expression analysis. Results showed that long-term intake of RPS diet increased crude protein and mucin contents in the colons of pigs (p < 0.05), and decreased total amino acids, ammonia-nitrogen, tryptamine, tyramine, branched-chain fatty acid, phenol, cresol, indole, and skatole concentrations (p < 0.05) when compared with the CS diet. Real-time PCR assay showed that RPS diet up-regulated the expression of mucin genes MUC4, MUC5AC, and MUC12 in the colons of pigs (p < 0.05). These results suggest that long-term intake of RS diet may improve the hindgut health by increasing the mucin secretion and reducing the harmful fermentation of protein although causing more nitrogen losses in pigs.
Characterization of HIV specific T cell responses during acute and early HIV-1 subtype C infection

It is not known what kind of T cell immunity is required to be effective at containing viral replication and abating HIV-1 disease progression. While most studies have examined HIV-1 specific T cell responses in chronic infection, consideration of how these responses evolve during acute and early stages of HIV-1 infection and their influence on viral set point and the course of disease represent important information for understanding potential vaccine induced T cell immunity. To this end, a cohort of 53 individuals identified during acute HIV-1 subtype C infection was followed over the first year of infection to: a) determine whether the magnitude and breadth of HIV-1 specific T cell responses at 3 month post infection were correlated with viral set point at 12 months, b) characterize the hierarchy of HIV-1 specific T cell responses and associated temporal patterns of responses related with viral set point and disease progression, c) study the impact of the polyfunctional nature of CD8+ T cell profiles during acute/early HIV-1 infection that provide for selection of CTL escape mutations, and d) study the dynamics and kinetics of plasma mediators of apoptosis (Fas, TNF-RII and TRAIL) during acute/early HIV-1 infection and associate with viral set point and disease progression. Comprehensive T cell recognition patterns across the complete HIV-1 subtype C proteome were measured using the IFN-γ ELISPOT assay. The polyfunctional nature of CD8+ T cells was measured by simultaneous analysis of IFN-γ, TNF-α, MIP-1β, IL-2, perforin and CD107 using polychromatic flow cytometry. Plasma levels of apoptosis mediators-Fas, TNF-RII and TRAIL were assessed using ELISA. The magnitude and breadth of IFN-γ ELISPOT responses at 3-months post infection were correlated with
Identification and Expression of Skinning Injury-responsive Genes in Sweetpotato

ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. differential gene expression, postharvest physiology, vegetable breeding, Ipomoea batatas ABSTRACT. Skinning injury in sweetpotatoes (Ipomoea batatas) is responsible for significant postharvest loss resulting from storage diseases and weight loss. Unfortunately, there is no report on the genes involved in wound healing of sweetpotato and a better understanding will facilitate improved breeding strategies. An annealing control primer (ACP) system was used to identify genes expressed after skinning injury of sweetpotato cultivar LA 07-146 storage roots. Using 20 ACPs, 63 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Functional annotation of the DEGs revealed that genes previously shown to respond to dehydration, those involved in wounding response, and the lignin and suberin biosynthesis pathways were induced in response to skinning. Expression analysis of 18 DEGs through quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that DEGs involved in lignin and suberin pathways were up-regulated after 8 and 12 hours of skinning. Other genes showed up- or down-regulation in their transcript abundance depending on the time the storage root was sampled after intentional skinning. The genes up-regulated in response to skinning may be useful to identify expression markers for screening sweetpotato lines tolerant to skinning injury in breeding programs. Sweetpotato is a genetically complex clonal crop with in- compatibility that presents a bottleneck in backcrossing desirable traits into otherwise superior cultivars. Breeding programs thus rely on open-pollinated, mass selection techniques to improve the mean performance of successive generations for important traits (Jones et al., 1986). This successful approach, begun in the late 1930s, has surmounted many obstacles limiting industry growth. Nevertheless, sweetpotato breeding programs in Asia rely on biparental crossing to generate a breeding population. Breeding programs have consistently pursued the following goals: 1) higher storage root yield; 2) storage roots with a consistent spindle-like shape and attractive smooth skin; 3) field and storage disease resistance; 4) long-term storage quality; 5) good culinary attributes; and 6) insect resistance (Collins and Hall, 1992). Reducing labor inputs is a more abstract goal today and implies further mechanization in pro- duction. Developing a cultivar that can withstand the rigors of bulk harvesting builds on these goals; skinning resistance is a prerequisite. Our strategy is to screen for and breed for cultivars with a more durable skin, which can resist skinning, cosmetic desic- cation at wound sites, and fresh weight loss. This combination would lessen loss and allow for a more roughly handled storage
Assessment of Levels of Knowledge towards Hormonal Related Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Qurayyat, Northern Saudi Arabia

Background: Continued exposure to sex hormones such as estrogen is a critical risk for subsequent breast cancer. Thus the present study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge towards hormonal related breast cancer risk factors in Qurayyat, Northern Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This descriptive study included 737 Saudi volunteers living in the city of Qurayyat, Northern Saudi Arabia. For females, only those agreeing to participate in the breast self-examination workshop were included, and non-respondents were included in the questionnaire. Results: For the question apropos “Inheritance as a risk factor for BC,” 405/607 (66.7%) females signposted certainly “Yes,” as well as, 70/130 (54%) males signposted certainly “Yes. ” The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were not statistically significant, but the level of knowledge was relatively higher among females OR (95% CI) = 1.4321 (0.9597 to 2.1370), P = 0.0786. “Are early puberty and late menopause risk factors for breast cancer? ” No statistical significant differences were eminent between males and females, OR (95% CI) = 0.8878 (0.5932 to 1.3287), P = 0.5629. Conclusion: Saudi women are enthusiastically willing to raise their knowledge and awareness of breast cancer prevention and control. Although women have greater knowledge about breast cancer risk factors compared to men, still some gaps need to be filled.