Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptor p75 Is Required in Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization

Background— Aging is a risk factor for coronary and peripheral artery disease. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a proinflammatory cytokine, is expressed in ischemic tissue and is known to modulate angiogenesis. Little is known about the role of TNF-α receptors (TNFR1/p55 and TNFR2/p75) in angiogenic signaling. Methods and Results— We studied neovascularization in the hindlimb ischemia model in young and old TNFR2/p75 knockout (p75KO) and wild-type age-matched controls. Between days 7 to 10 after hindlimb surgery, 100% of old p75KOs experienced autoamputation of the operated limbs, whereas none of the age-matched wild-type mice exhibited hindlimb necrosis. Poor blood flow recovery in p75KO mice was associated with increased endothelial cell apoptosis, decreased capillary density, and significant reductions in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor-2 mRNA transcripts in ischemic tissue and in circulating endothelial progenitor cells. The number of circulating.
The New Keynesian Phillips curve : an empirical assessment

The recent works of Gali and Gertler (1999) and Gali, Gertler, and Lopez-Salido (2001a) provide evidence supporting the New Keynesian Phillips curve (NKPC) for the United States and the euro area. This model posits the dynamics of in ation as being forward looking and related to real marginal costs. In this paper we examine the empirical relevance of their results for the United States. Our approach addresses several important econometric issues with the standard approaches typically used for estimation and inference in NKPC models. Using the continously-updated GMM estimator proposed by Hansen, Heaton and Yaron (1996) and the 3-step GMM estimator developed by Bonnal and Renault (2003), the empirical evidence of the New Keynesian Phillips curve is mixed. Speci cally, results are sensitive to the instruments sets, normalisation, estimators, the sample period and revisions of data. JEL Classi cation: C13, C52, E31
Connecting the nodes: migratory whale conservation and the challenge of accommodating uncertainty

As endangered, flagship species, baleen whales are at the centre of cetacean conservation efforts. Whilst successful conservation requires protection throughout a species’ range, current measures invariably focus on the whales’ more static feeding or breeding habitats. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the challenges and prospects of protecting threatened whales during their seasonal migrations. I sought to assess the appropriateness of Marine Protected Area network initiatives and sector-specific mitigations strategies for migratory whale conservation within the context of scientific uncertainty, the threat of ship-whale collisions, and regional geopolitics. To this end, I compared and contrasted data obtained from two case studies—fin whales Balaenoptera physalus in the Mediterranean Sea, and North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis off the U.S. East coast—using a transdisciplinary, qualitative research approach based on semi-structured interviews and a theoretical framework of uncertainty analysis. The results indicate that protection of migrating whales is better pursued through a narrow sectoral route with wide geographical scope, exemplified by the International Maritime Organisation, rather than governmental cross-sectoral Marine Protected Area networks, particularly in regions with high geopolitical complexity and low political will. Principle challenges to migratory whale conservation were discerned on two levels. On a species level, high ontological uncertainty—endemic dynamism and unpredictability—surrounding whale migratory behaviour render conventional, habitat-based conservation measures unsuitable, and require more creative, dynamic, and adaptive strategies. On a people level, considerable ambiguity—different ways of understanding and conceptualising the same issue or data—between individual researchers in the absence of adequate collaboration prevents the unified actions necessary for conserving a cross-boundary species. Indeed, whilst contextual parameters matter in conservation, building researcher networks to enhance collaboration amongst conservationists emerged as a pervasive theme and as a necessary tool for migratory whale conservation.
Revisiting the Stanford prison experiment, again: Examining demand characteristics in the guard orientation

ABSTRACT The day before the Stanford prison experiment began, the investigators held an orientation session for the guards in which they communicated expectations for hostile guard behavior, a flippant prisoner mindset, and the possibility of ending the study prematurely. While the study’s principal investigator has minimized the influence of this orientation, critics have speculated that it provided a “script” for guard abuse. In the present studies, participants were presented with a hypothetical prison simulation study and randomly assigned as guards to an orientation session that included these expectations (Stanford orientation) or one providing basic study information. Across three studies, participants exposed to the Stanford orientation relative to a control orientation, reported greater expectations for hostile and oppressive behavior on the part of the study’s investigator and from others and themselves as guards. The present results provide empirical support for speculation that the language of the guard orientation in the Stanford prison experiment sanctioned abuse among guards.
A Better World is Possible: Agroecology as a Response to Socio-Economic and Political Conditions in Cuba

Over the past century global agriculture has come to be characterized by high levels of industrial inputs, as well as increasing consolidation of land ownership and a focus on export-oriented monocrop production. In spite of its dominance, this conventional model of food production has faced growing criticism for being environmentally, socially, and economically unsustainable, and alternatives such as organic agriculture are becoming increasingly popular. The rapid growth of these alternative modes of production raises questions regarding how sustainable food systems should be defined, how they might best be implemented, and how they can contribute to the overall goals of sustainable development. Cuba is a recognized leader in the adoption of sustainable agriculture. This research examines the Cuban experience in an effort to determine how Cubans who work in the agricultural sector perceive and define agricultural sustainability, who the major actors have been in the shift away from conventional techniques, and what the future challenges and opportunities for agroecology in the country might be. In order to address these questions interviews were conducted with Cubans involved in the agricultural sector at the level of research, education, and extension, as well as with Cuban farmers. In addition, participant observation was carried out during a number of farm visits and while attending agricultural extension workshops. The results of this study demonstrate that agroecology in Cuba is based on a wide range of techniques, including polyculture, mixed farming, animal traction, organic input use, and a focus on local food networks. For many farmers, the use of agroecological techniques does not reflect a conscious choice on their part. Rather, their production
Interannual variability of the extratropical northern hemisphere and the potential vorticity wave guide

Interrannual flow variations in the extratropics are reappraised from a potential vorticity (PV) perspective. A statistical study of the patterns of PV variability on a tropopause‐transecting isentropic surface provides a compact description of, and dynamical insight into, the Pacific‐North American teleconnection and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society.
How Does Mindfulness Meditation Work? Proposing Mechanisms of Action From a Conceptual and Neural Perspective

Cultivation of mindfulness, the nonjudgmental awareness of experiences in the present moment, produces beneficial effects on well-being and ameliorates psychiatric and stress-related symptoms. Mindfulness meditation has therefore increasingly been incorporated into psychotherapeutic interventions. Although the number of publications in the field has sharply increased over the last two decades, there is a paucity of theoretical reviews that integrate the existing literature into a comprehensive theoretical framework. In this article, we explore several components through which mindfulness meditation exerts its effects: (a) attention regulation, (b) body awareness, (c) emotion regulation (including reappraisal and exposure, extinction, and reconsolidation), and (d) change in perspective on the self. Recent empirical research, including practitioners’ self-reports and experimental data, provides evidence supporting these mechanisms. Functional and structural neuroimaging studies have begun to explore the neuroscientific processes underlying these components. Evidence suggests that mindfulness practice is associated with neuroplastic changes in the anterior cingulate cortex, insula, temporo-parietal junction, fronto-limbic network, and default mode network structures. The authors suggest that the mechanisms described here work synergistically, establishing a process of enhanced self-regulation. Differentiating between these components seems useful to guide future basic research and to specifically target areas of development in the treatment of psychological disorders.
Others Sometimes Know Us Better Than We Know Ourselves

Most people believe that they know themselves better than anyone else knows them. However, a complete picture of what a person is like requires both the person’s own perspective and the perspective of others who know him or her well. People’s perceptions of their own personalities, while largely accurate, contain important omissions. Some of these blind spots are likely due to a simple lack of information, whereas others are due to motivated distortions in our self-perceptions. Perhaps for these reasons, others can perceive some aspects of personality better than the self can. This is especially true for traits that are very desirable or undesirable, when motivational factors are most likely to distort self-perceptions. Therefore, much can be learned about a person’s personality from how he or she is seen by others. Future research should examine how people can tap into others' knowledge to improve self-knowledge.
What Do You Mean by “European”? Evidence of Spontaneous Ingroup Projection

The ingroup projection model posits that group members project ingroup features onto a superordinate category. The present research aimed at isolating the cognitive underpinnings of this process. If ingroup projection is a spontaneous cognitive process, a superordinate category prime should facilitate the processing of the ingroup prototype rather than the outgroup prototype. Three studies support this hypothesis by comparing subliminal semantic priming in two different populations, an intra- versus intergroup situation, and with an ingroup prototype manipulated by changing the intergroup context. Results indicated that the superordinate category prime facilitated the processing of ingroup rather than outgroup traits (Experiment 1) and that these traits depended on the particular content of the ingroup prototype made salient by different contexts (Experiments 2 and 3). The findings indicate that the cognitive representation of the superordinate category is based on ingroup traits and that this representation is context dependent.
Production, partial purification and characterization of intracellular Azoreductase from bacterial isolates during biodecolorization of textile dye Acid Maroon V

Azoreductase is an important enzyme for the reduction of the azo linkage of dye during the biodecolorization process. In the present study, the production of intracellular azoreductase from bacterial cultures Enterobacter dissolvens AGYP1 (ED) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa AGYP2 (PA) was achieved during biodecolorization of synthetic textile dye Acid Maroon V. When compared with PA, the enzyme activity of ED was 2.31 times greater. The partial purification of azoreductase revealed specific activity of the dialyzed enzyme 51.72 U mg-1 protein (ED) and 33.06 U mg1 protein (PA). Methyl Red served as the best substrate for the azoreductase enzyme with superior activity at optimal pH 7 and temperature 30 °C. 75-80% of azoreductase enzyme activity was maintained when Mg+2 and Ca+2 were present. The azoreductase activity was considerably increased with NADH as the most suitable electron donor. The kinetic study showed consequent Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and maximal velocity (Vmax) values of 50 μM and 2222 U ml-1 (ED) and 250 μM and 1000 U ml-1 (PA), respectively
Effectiveness of an Audience Response System in Teaching Pharmacology to Baccalaureate Nursing Students

It has been proposed that students' use of an audience response system, commonly called clickers, may promote comprehension and retention of didactic material. Whether this method actually improves students' grades, however, is still not determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a lecture format utilizing multiple-choice PowerPoint slides and an audience response system was more effective than a lecture format using only multiple-choice PowerPoint slides in the comprehension and retention of pharmacological knowledge in baccalaureate nursing students. The study also assessed whether the additional use of clickers positively affected students' satisfaction with their learning. Results from 78 students who attended lecture classes with multiple-choice PowerPoint slides plus clickers were compared with those of 55 students who utilized multiple-choice PowerPoint slides only. Test scores between these two groups were not significantly different. A satisfaction questionnaire showed that 72.2% of the control students did not desire the opportunity to use clickers. Of the group utilizing the clickers, 92.3% recommend the use of this system in future courses. The use of multiple-choice PowerPoint slides and an audience response system did not seem to improve the students' comprehension or retention of pharmacological knowledge as compared with those who used solely multiple-choice PowerPoint slides.
Financial Development , Entrepreneurship , and Job Satisfaction

This paper shows that utility di¤erences between the self-employed and employees increase with nancial development. This e¤ect is not explained by increased pro ts but by an increased value of nonmonetary bene ts, in particular job independence. We interpret these ndings by building a simple occupational choice model in which nancial constraints may impede the creation of rms and depress labor demand, thereby pushing some individuals into self-employment for lack of salaried jobs. In this setting, nancial development favors a better matching between individual motivation and occupation, thereby increasing entrepreneurial utility despite increasing competition and so reducing pro ts. Keywords: Financial development; entrepreneurship; job satisfaction. JEL codes: L26, J20, O16. Sincere thanks to Abhijit Banerjee, Andrew Clark, Erik Lindqvist and Jörgen Weibull for very helpful discussions. I have also bene ted from comments by two Referees, Cedric Argenton, Tore Ellingsen, Fabrice Etilé, Justina Fischer, Thibault Fally, Peter Haan, Andrew Oswald, Thomas Piketty, Asa Rosen, Giancarlo Spagnolo; and from several seminar presentations. Financial support from Région Ile-de-France and from the Fédération Bancaire Française Chair in Corporate Finance is gratefully acknowledged. yUniversity Paris Dauphine. E-mail: milo.bianchi@dauphine.fr 1 ha ls hs -0 06 70 03 1, v er si on 1 14 F eb 2 01 2 Author manuscript, published in "Review of Economics and Statistics 94, 1 (2012) 273-286"
Effect of manures and fertilizers on growth and fruit yield of acid lime cv. Kagzi (Citrus aurentifolia Swingle).

cid lime (Citrus aurentifolia Swingle)belongs to family Rutaceae, is one of the most important citrus fruit as a major source of vitaminC and acitic acid grown throughout the world (Souci et al., 2000). In India, it is being grown in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and Gujarat in a total area of 9,87,000 ha from which about 96,38,000 MT of production is obtained annually (Anonymous, 2010). It is grown in tropical, sub-tropical and temperate parts of the world. In Gujarat, total area under kagzilime cultivation is 39,189 ha with total production of 4,09,134 MT. The main kagzi lime growing districts are Mehsana, Bhavnagar, Anand and Ahmedabad in Gujarat. Mehsana is a leading district for kagzi lime cultivation with 10,000 ha area and production of about 91,000 tonnes. (Anonymous, 2011).
Local structural determination of N at SiO2/SiC ( 000 1 ¯ ) interfaces by photoelectron diffraction

Nitridation effectively reduces the density of defects and improves the performance of SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. Photoelectron spectroscopy and diffraction can characterize the amorphous SiO2/SiC ( 000 1 ¯ ) interface with nitridation treatment by oxidation in a N2O-containing atmosphere. The N 1s spectra indicate that N covers about 1/3 of the monolayer, and the N atoms are bonded to the Si atoms. Forward focusing peaks (FFPs) appear in the photoelectron diffraction patterns in the direction of the surrounding atoms around the excited atom. The similarity between the sixfold symmetric N 1s FFP pattern and the C 1s pattern strongly suggests that the majority of N atoms are located at C sites in the topmost layer of the 4H-SiC substrate where N bonds to three Si atoms. The local strains of the atomic arrangement around the N atoms are quantitatively evaluated by analyzing the FFP patterns corresponding to the third-nearest neighbor Si atoms.
SemMT: A Semantic-based Testing Approach for Machine Translation Systems

Machine translation has wide applications in daily life. In mission-critical applications such as translating official documents, incorrect translation can have unpleasant or sometimes catastrophic consequences. This motivates recent research on testing methodologies for machine translation systems. Existing methodologies mostly rely on metamorphic relations designed at the textual level (e.g., Levenshtein distance) or syntactic level (e.g., the distance between grammar structures) to determine the correctness of translation results. However, these metamorphic relations do not consider whether the original and translated sentences have the same meaning (i.e., Semantic similarity). Therefore, in this paper, we propose SemMT, an automatic testing approach for machine translation systems based on semantic similarity checking. SemMT applies round-trip translation and measures the semantic similarity between the original and translated sentences. Our insight is that the semantics expressed by the logic and numeric constraint in sentences can be captured using regular expressions (or deterministic finite automata) where efficient equivalence/similarity checking algorithms are available. Leveraging the insight, we propose three semantic similarity metrics and implement them in SemMT. The experiment result reveals SemMT can achieve higher effectiveness compared with state-of-the-art works, achieving an increase of 21% and 23% on accuracy and F-Score, respectively. We also explore potential improvements that can be achieved when proper combinations of metrics are adopted. Finally, we discuss a solution to locate the suspicious trip in round-trip translation, which may shed lights on further exploration.
Cataclysmic Variables from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. III. The Third Year

This paper continues the series that identifies new cataclysmic variables found in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We present 36 cataclysmic variables and one possible symbiotic star from Sloan spectra obtained during 2002, of which 34 are new discoveries, two are known dwarf novae (BC UMa and KS UMa), and one is a known cataclysmic variable identified from the Two-Degree Field survey. The positions, colors, and spectra of all 37 systems are presented, along with follow-up spectroscopic/photometric observations of 10 systems. As in the past 2 yr of data, the new SDSS systems show a large variety of characteristics based on their inclination and magnetic fields, including three eclipsing systems, four with prominent He II emission, and 15 systems showing features of the underlying stars.
The DIVING3D Survey - Deep IFS View of Nuclei of Galaxies

Abstract The DIVING3D Survey (Deep Integral Field Spectrograph View of Nuclei of Galaxies) aims to observe, with high signal/noise and high spatial resolution, a statistically complete sample of southern galaxies brighter than B = 12.0 The main objectives of this survey are to study: 1) the nuclear emission line properties; 2) the circumnuclear emission line properties; 3) the central stellar kinematics and 4) the central stellar archaeology. Preliminary results of individual or small groups of galaxies have been published in 18 papers.
Models and algorithms for addressing travel time variability: Applications from optimal path finding and traffic equilibrium problems

Optimal path finding problems under uncertainty have many important real-world applications in various science and engineering fields. In this study, we propose an adaptive α-reliable path finding problem, which is to adaptively determine a reliable path with the minimum travel time budget required to meet the user-specified reliability threshold. The problem is formulated as a chance constrained model, where the chance constraint describes the travel time reliability requirement under a dynamic programming framework. The properties of the proposed model are explored to examine its relationship with the stochastic on-time arrival (SOTA) path finding model. A discrete-time solution algorithm is developed to find the adaptive α-reliable path. Convergence of the algorithm is provided along with numerical results to demonstrate the proposed formulation and solution algorithm.
Determinant Analysis Of Credit Distribution In Regional Development Bank In Indonesia

This study uses the cross-section of time series data from 2011-2020 and Regional Development Banks in Indonesia. The method used in this study is the panel data regression method with the Fixed Effect GLS approach. Econometric analysis using panel data regression models to identify the variables that affect lending. This study aims to analyze the effect of Capital, Profitability, Bank Health, and Inefficiency on lending at Regional Development Banks. The analysis results show that simultaneously the independent variables significantly affect the dependent variable. Furthermore, partial Return On Assets positively and substantially affects lending at Regional Development Banks in Indonesia.
CENTER FOR POLICY RESEARCH – Spring 2004

This paper examines trends in parental time in selected industrialized countries since the 1960s using time-use survey data. Despite the time pressures to which today’s families are confronted, parents appear to be devoting more time to children than they did some 40 years ago. Results also suggest a decrease in the differences between fathers and mothers in time devoted to children. Mothers continue to devote more time to childcare than fathers, but the gender gap has been reduced. These results are observed in several countries and therefore suggest a large global trend towards an increase in parental time investment with their children.