Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Clinicopathologic Features of Filipino Primary Breast Cancer Patients with HER2 Subgroups Classified according to the ASCO/CAP 2018 Breast Cancer HER2 Testing Guidelines

Background. Guidelines for testing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were released in 2018. These guidelines were jointly developed by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) to achieve a clearer designation of breast cancer HER2 status. Clinical correlation with other factors was also considered appropriate, especially for those cases classified under ISH groups 2, 3, and 4. Objective. In this study, we examined clinicopathologic features among Filipino breast cancer patients whose HER2 status was reclassified based on the 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines. Methodology. One hundred and thirty-two (132) breast cancer cases with immunohistochemistry (IHC) equivocal results in the Medical City were enrolled from January 2017 up to December 2020. HER2 FISH results classified under groups 2, 3, and 4 were then re-evaluated for HER2-IHC status in accordance with the 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines. The relationship between clinicopathologic features and HER2 status was analyzed using the Fisher exact test. Results. Significant differences were found in histologic type, nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic rate, progesterone receptor (PR) status, and regional lymph node involvement among the reclassified ISH groups. In the conv+ group, the tumor cells did not involve the regional lymph nodes as compared to group 5, where the tumor cells were involved. The conv-group had a higher grade for nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic count, and overall Nottingham Histologic Grade than group 5. There was a significant association between progesterone receptors among the conv-group and group 1. Conclusion. Filipino breast cancer cases whose HER2 status was reclassified to negative following the 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines had statistically different clinicopathologic features from those classified as group 5.
Late Cenozoic exhumation and drainage evolution of the Central and Western Alps revealed by detrital thermochronology

Spiegel, C. , Dörr, N. , Lindow, J. & Reiter, W. (2012) Efficiency of glacial erosion examples from the Arctic, Antarctica and the Alps. 13 International Conference on Thermochronology. Guilin/China. Elfert, S. , Reiter, W. & Spiegel, C. (2011) Late Miocene exhumation history of the Lepontine Dome. Poster presentation. 7 Topo-Europe Workshop. Davos/Switzerland. Elfert S. , Reiter, W. & Spiegel C. (2011) Timing and evolution of Neogene updoming of the Lepontine Dome. Constraints through new fission track and (U-Th-Sm)/He data on apatites. Oral presentation. 10 Alpine Workshop CorseAlp 2011. Reiter, W. , Elfert, S. & Spiegel, C. (2011) Plio-Pleistocene denudation history of the Central European Alps revealed through detrital thermochronology. Poster presentation. European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011. Vienna/Austria. Elfert, S. , Reiter, W. & Spiegel, C. (2011) Doming and unroofing of the Lepontine Dome (Central European Alps). New insights from low-temperature thermochronology. Poster presentation. European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011. Vienna/Austria. Reiter, W. , Elfert, S. & Spiegel, C. (2010) Reconstructing circum-Alpine drainage evolution since the Pliocene using detrital thermochronology. Poster presentation at Thermo2010. 12 th International Conference on Thermochronology. Glasgow/UK. Elfert, S. , Reiter, W. & Spiegel, C. (2010) Interrelations between the exhumation history and the drainage evolution of the European Alps during the Neogene. Poster presentation at Thermo2010. 12 International Conference on Thermochronology. Glasgow/UK. Reiter, W. , Elfert, S. & Spiegel, C. (2009) Pliocene erosion and drainage evolution of the Alps: Constraints from Neogene sedimentary deposits. Poster presentation at the 9 Workshop Alpine Geological Studies. Cogne/Italy. Elfert, S. , Reiter, W. , Dörr, N. & Spiegel, C. (2009) Sources of Pliocene erosion of the Alps The
Black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii) population structure shifts through deep time: Management implications for southern California's northern Channel Islands

Abstract For over 10,000 years, black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii) were an important resource in southern California, first for coastal Native Americans, then beginning in the nineteenth century, as one of the state's first commercial shellfisheries. By 1993, after years of heavy fishing, rising sea surface temperatures (SST), and the spread of withering syndrome (WS), black abalone populations declined dramatically, resulting in the closure of the Alta California fishery. After nearly 25 years of management and recovery efforts, black abalone are showing signs of ecological rebound along some Channel Island shorelines. These include the presence of juvenile abalone and increasing densities, largely from data collected by Channel Islands National Park (CINP) monitoring efforts that began in 1985. In an effort to apply deeper historical perspectives to modern fisheries management and restoration, we analyzed black abalone size data from San Miguel Island at prehistoric and historical archeological sites spanning the last 10,000 years and compared these populations to those described by CINP biologists between 1985 and 2013. We found a statistically significant relationship between SST and black abalone size distributions during the ancient record, along with dramatic shifts in population size structure toward larger individuals between the nineteenth century and modern periods. A pattern of larger mean black abalone sizes was identified during warm SSTs, when compared against intervals of cooler SSTs. Synthesis and applications. Our study provides a deep historical perspective of abalone population size distributions, patterns within these distributions through time, and parallels to modern abalone populations. Our results may help managers determine whether the current (and future) size and age structure of intertidal black abalone populations around the northern Channel Islands are “natural” and healthy, measured against the 10,000 year history of black abalone fishing in southern California.
Impact of emotional intelligence in resolving clinical conflicts among postgraduate residents of surgery

Background & Objective: Emotional intelligence (EI) can become a vital tool for resolving clinical conflicts (CC) in surgery. The postgraduate residents focus on the technical skills and undermine the soft skills required for their better training. Our aim was to determine the EI of postgraduate resident (PGR) years one & two in General and Orthopedic Surgery. The CC in their workplace and how they use their EI to resolve these conflicts. Methods: This mixed-method study was conducted from March 10, 2019 to May 28, 2020 at Departments of General and Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore. The study was conducted in two phases 1 & 2. In Phase-1, one hundred PGR years one & two were administered the Mayor-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence test (MSCEIT) to measure EI. In phase-2, semi-structured in-depth interviews of 10 PGRs five with high and five with low EI were conducted to determine the CC and use of EI to resolve the CC at the workplace. A thematic analysis was done. Results: Out of 100 PGR, the mean EI score was 46.25±14.8 with a maximum score of 75.4, and a minimum score of 18.16 (p-value =0.775). Ninety-one (91%) have not improving EI, and 09 (09%) have considered developing EI. Five themes in four settings, including emergency, ward, elective operation theatre, and outpatient department (OPD) were determined. The emerged themes for the CC were nepotism, gender biases, burnout, lack of professionalism, and toxic culture. The following were CC management strategies: self-study, deceit, gender affinity, performing attention-attaining work, aggrieved reaction and being disgruntled when alone. Conclusion: None of the PGR was emotionally intelligent in overall grades, as well as a particular aspect of MSCEIT.
Cell proliferation controls body size growth, tentacle morphogenesis, and regeneration in hydrozoan jellyfish Cladonema pacificum

Jellyfish have existed on the earth for around 600 million years and have evolved in response to environmental changes. Hydrozoan jellyfish, members of phylum Cnidaria, exist in multiple life stages, including planula larvae, vegetatively-propagating polyps, and sexually-reproducing medusae. Although free-swimming medusae display complex morphology and exhibit increase in body size and regenerative ability, their underlying cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the roles of cell proliferation in body-size growth, appendage morphogenesis, and regeneration using Cladonema pacificum as a hydrozoan jellyfish model. By examining the distribution of S phase cells and mitotic cells, we revealed spatially distinct proliferating cell populations in medusae, uniform cell proliferation in the umbrella, and clustered cell proliferation in tentacles. Blocking cell proliferation by hydroxyurea caused inhibition of body size growth and defects in tentacle branching, nematocyte differentiation, and regeneration. Local cell proliferation in tentacle bulbs is observed in medusae of two other hydrozoan species, Cytaeis uchidae and Rathkea octopunctata, indicating that it may be a conserved feature among hydrozoan jellyfish. Altogether, our results suggest that hydrozoan medusae possess actively proliferating cells and provide experimental evidence regarding the role of cell proliferation in body-size control, tentacle morphogenesis, and regeneration.
Study of a 500-GHz Medium-Power Second-Harmonic Multiplying Gyrotron Traveling-Wave Amplifier With a Broad Frequency Range

A harmonic multiplying gyrotron traveling-wave amplifier (gyro-TWA) allows magnetic field reduction and frequency multiplication. This study presents a low-voltage, low-current, 500-GHz second-harmonic multiplying gyro-TWA that produces a medium power of ~10 W over a broad frequency range (~5 GHz). An improved harmonic multiplying gyro-TWA featuring a distributed-loss structure achieves improved amplification performance and stability. Simulation results show that the involved spurious oscillations can be suppressed by high lossy-section resistivity, long lossy section, and short copper section. A tuned magnetic field is employed to achieve broadband frequency characteristics. The output power of the amplifier is a quadratic function of the input power. With a 12-kV, 0.3-A electron beam, the frequency range of the proposed amplifier is approximately 5 GHz for a 1–50-mW input power that can be provided by a 250-GHz commercial solid-state source.
Comparison of values of crestal bone loss around dental implants: A comparative study

Introduction: Many studies have examined values of crestal bone loss according surgical techniques, time of implant placement (immediate post-extraction or after alveolar socket healing), platform switching or convectional platform, surface of the implant, functional loading (immediate or delayed), etc. Methods: This study analyzed a total of 443 dental implants on 115 images: 161 Bredent blueSKY dental implants and 282 Ritter spiral dental implants. All images were taken at the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Sarajevo: before implantation and after 1 year of functional loading. Crestal bone loss was measured on the mesial and distal side of each implant from the coronal portion of the abutment to the noticeable margin of the alveolar bone. Results: There is statistically significant differences between Bredent blueSKY and Ritter spiral dental implants regarding mesial (p < 0.001, df = 441, tstat = −64.22) and distal (p < 0.001, df = 441, tstat = −151.21) bone losses. Conclusion: Platform switching dental implants showed more bone loss on the mesial and distal side of implant than dental implants with conventional platform.
Efficacy and safety of steroids for chronic subdural hematoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid, blood, and blood breakdown products between the brain’s arachnoid and dura mater coverings. While steroids have been explored as a potential treatment option, their efficacy and safety remain uncertain. This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to assess the impact of steroids on CSDH management, including mortality, recurrence, complications, and functional outcomes. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search in major electronic databases up to June 2023, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and Interventions. Inclusion criteria encompassed adult patients with CSDH, the use of steroids as monotherapy or adjuvant therapy, and clearly defined outcomes. Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies meeting these criteria were included in the study. Results: The initial search yielded 4315 articles, with 12 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Our findings indicate a non-significant trend toward reduced mortality with steroids in combination with standard care (Odds ratios [OR] = 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20–2.18). However, substantial heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 70%). Sensitivity analysis, excluding influential studies, suggested a potential increased mortality risk associated with steroids (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 0.87–2.48). Steroids showed a possible benefit in reducing the recurrence of CSDH (OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.20–1.67), but with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 89%). No clear advantage of steroids was observed in terms of functional outcomes at three months (modified Rankin scale scores). Furthermore, steroids were associated with a significantly higher incidence of adverse effects and complications (OR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.48–3.17). Conclusion: Steroids may have a potential role in reducing CSDH recurrence but do not appear to confer significant advantages in terms of mortality or functional outcomes. However, their use is associated with a higher risk of adverse effects and complications. Given the limitations of existing studies, further research is needed to refine the role of steroids in CSDH management, considering patient-specific factors and treatment protocols.
GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION FROM CEMETERIES CASES OF STUDY

This paper presents a study of special interest because up to now there are no publications in Portugal, which investigate the impacts of physical, chemical and microbiological groundwater contamination caused by cemeteries. The question of the potential risk for adverse impact of cemeteries on ground and superficial water has never received enough attention in our country. However, this risk may exist when cemeteries are placed in groundwater areas that are vulnerable to contamination. In order to reduce the risk, planning for new cemeteries should evaluate geological and hydrogeological aspects, which constitutes a gap in the Portuguese legislation. This and other considerations about Portuguese legislation concerning cemeteries have been discussed. This work reports a study that was carried out between September 2000 and September 2001, in three different areas to understand the risk of groundwater contamination from cemeteries placed in different lithology, hydrogeology and geographic areas: Querenca and Luz de Tavira located in Algarve and Seixas located in Minho. Several tests were conducted every two months: physical, chemical and bacteriological variables were analysed in several bored wells placed in the area of cemeteries. The physical-chemistry variables analysed were: temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, nitrites, nitrates, ammonium ion, chloride, oxidizability, total phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, hardness, sulphates, sodium, potassium, total zinc, total lead and TOC. The microbiological indicators analysed were: total and fecal coliform, fecal streptococcos, heterotrophic bacteria (22oC and 36 oC), clostridia and proteolytic bacteria. Additionally the geophysics in the area around Querenca cemetery was studied. The results from Querenca were not conclusive with respect to determining the influence of cemetery contamination on groundwater, despite the fact that high levels of chemical and bacteriological contamination were detected in all the bored wells sampled. Since it is a karst aquifer and due to the existence of many septic tanks in the area, this can mask the impact from the cemetery. Although, there are indications that the closest sampling point from the cemetery must be under the influence of the cemetery, specially with shallow groundwater after periods of precipitation. The analysis from the cemetery water of Luz de Tavira and Seixas had higher levels of bacteriological (both cemeteries) and physical-chemical values (Luz de Tavira) than the water from other sampling points further away from the cemetery, which indicated the impact from these cemeteries on groundwater quality.
Equations for estimating the above-ground biomass of Larix sibirica in the forest-steppe of Mongolia

Biomass functions were established to estimate above-ground biomass of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) in the Altai Mountains of Mon- golia. The functions are based on biomass sampling of trees from 18 different sites, which represent the driest locations within the natural range of L. sibirica. The best performing regression model was found for the equations y = (D 2 H)/(a+bD) for stem biomass, y = aD b for branch biomass, and y=aD b H c for needle biomass, where D is the stem diameter at breast height and H is the tree height. The robustness of the biomass functions is assessed by comparison with equations which had been previously published from a plantation in Iceland. There, y=aD b H c was found to be the most significant model for stem and total above-ground biomasses. Applying the equations from Iceland for estimating the above-ground biomass of trees from Mongolia resulted in the underesti- mation of the biomass in large-diameter trees and the overestimation of the biomass in thin trees. The underestimation of thick-stemmed trees is probably attributable to the higher wood density, which has to be ex- pected under the ultracontinental climate of Mongolia compared to the Fund project: Field work was funded by the Asian Research Center (ARC) based in the National University of Mongolia (Ulan Bator) The work was done in association with the project "Forest regeneration and biodiversity at the forest-steppe border of the Altai and Khangai Moun- tains under contrasting developments of livestock numbers in Kazakh- stan and Mongolia" funded by the Volkswagen Foundation The online version is available at http://www.springerlink. com euoceanic climate of Iceland. The overestimation of the biomass in trees with low stem diameter is probably due to the high density of young growth in the not systematically managed forests of the Mongolian Altai Mountains, which inhibits branching, whereas the plantations in Iceland are likely to have been planted in lower densities.
Suspended sediment supply dominated by bank erosion in a low-gradient agricultural watershed, Wildcat Slough, Fisher, Illinois, United States

The relative contributions from potential sediment sources to the suspended load of the Wildcat Slough, a headwater tributary in central Illinois, are estimated as a proxy for understanding sediment and nutrient transport in low gradient, intensively managed watersheds. Sediment and nutrient fluxes from agricultural areas to rivers have led to nitrate (NO3) concentrations that exceed US Environmental Protection Agency water quality standards and phosphorus (P) concentrations that promote algal growth, decreasing water quality across the state of Illinois. This study assesses contributions to the sediment load as a function of land use and channel morphology in Wildcat Slough, a low gradient, intensively managed 61.3 km2 (23.67 mi2) watershed in the Upper Sangamon River Basin of central Illinois, United States. Land use is dominated by row crop agriculture. Potential sediment sources include row crop fields, forest, floodplains, river banks, pastures, and grasslands. The majority of the stream is constrained within a deep, channelized ditch fed by tile drains. However, in the lowermost reaches, Wildcat Slough freely meanders and has established fluvial features including point bars and cut banks. A suite of tracers (delta carbon 13 [δ13C], phosphorus [P], magnesium [Mg], manganese [Mn], and carbon [C]) differ significantly between the potential sediment sources. An unmixing model uses the concentrations of the tracers in source samples and in suspended sediment collected during high discharge events to estimate the relative contribution from each source to the suspended load. The majority of suspended sediment was sourced from channel banks (40% to 65%) and forest (35% to 55%) with very little derived from the agricultural uplands (10% or less). The lack of sediment from uplands signifies a disconnect between the uplands and the channel, reflecting the low relief of the uplands and the dominance of tile drains in routing water to the channel. These findings suggest that efforts to limit the sediment-born nutrient load should focus on near-channel areas in meandering reaches. Best practices in similar landscapes may include installation of a buffer between meandering channel reaches and fertilized land, or limiting fertilizer application near channel banks, to diminish the inputs to the nutrient load via natural channel migration.
Fostering Participant Health Knowledge and Attitudes: An Econometric Study of a Chronic Disease-Focused Online Health Community

Abstract Health consumers are increasingly participating in consumer-to-consumer (C2C) online health communities (OHCs) to receive health-related support and to provide assistance and support to others. However, questions remain as to how individual OHC participants are affected by the relationships they have established within an OHC and how the content exchanged between OHC participants impacts individual-level health knowledge and attitudes. To address these open questions, we develop a model that integrates participant network position (i.e., structural social capital) in an OHC, informational and emotional support exchange, and downstream individual-level health knowledge and attitudes. Based on a panel dataset collected from nine chronic disease-focused discussion boards within an OHC platform, we find that structural social capital is indeed a significant antecedent to social support exchange within an OHC and, interestingly, that social support provisioning (i.e., proactively aiding others) has a stronger effect than social support receipt on health literacy and health attitude improvement.