Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tanshinone IIA Inhibits miR-1 Expression through p38 MAPK Signal Pathway in Post-infarction Rat Cardiomyocytes

Tanshinone IIA is a fat-soluble pharmacologically active ingredient of Danshen, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease. Tanshinone IIA has been confirmed to suppress miR-1 and reduce the arrhythmogenesis after myocardial infarction (MI). However, the modulation mechanism is not clear. Tanshinone IIA was administrated daily for 7 days before ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and lasted for 3 months after LAD. Neonatal cardiomyocytes were exposed to 2% O2+95% N2 condition for 24 h to simulate ischemia in vivo. Protein expression was examined with Western blot and miR-1 level was quantified by Real-time PCR. Our results showed that tanshinone IIA relieved ischemia-induced injury by improving the cardiac function. This beneficial effect may due to the depression of the elevated miR-1 level in ischemic and hypoxic cardiomyocytes, which subsequently restored its target Cx43 protein. Furthermore, tanshinone IIA could inhibit activated p38 MAPK and heart special transcription factors SRF and MEF2, in ischemic and hypoxic cardiomyocytes. Pretreatment with p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580 (10 uM), significantly relieved hypoxia-induced miR-1 increment and restored its downstream target Cx43 protein expression. These data suggest that tanshinone IIA play a role in protection cardiomyocytes from ischemic and hypoxic injury. The effect is based on inhibiting miR-1 expression through p38 MAPK signal pathway. This might provide us a new target to explore the novel strategy for ischemic cardioprotection.
Adherent Raindrop Modeling, Detectionand Removal in Video

Raindrops adhered to a windscreen or window glass can significantly degrade the visibility of a scene. Modeling, detecting and removing raindrops will, therefore, benefit many computer vision applications, particularly outdoor surveillance systems and intelligent vehicle systems. In this paper, a method that automatically detects and removes adherent raindrops is introduced. The core idea is to exploit the local spatio-temporal derivatives of raindrops. To accomplish the idea, we first model adherent raindrops using law of physics, and detect raindrops based on these models in combination with motion and intensity temporal derivatives of the input video. Having detected the raindrops, we remove them and restore the images based on an analysis that some areas of raindrops completely occludes the scene, and some other areas occlude only partially. For partially occluding areas, we restore them by retrieving as much as possible information of the scene, namely, by solving a blending function on the detected partially occluding areas using the temporal intensity derivative. For completely occluding areas, we recover them by using a video completion technique. Experimental results using various real videos show the effectiveness of our method.
Hulk: Eliciting Malicious Behavior in Browser Extensions

We present Hulk, a dynamic analysis system that detects malicious behavior in browser extensions by monitoring their execution and corresponding network activity. Hulk elicits malicious behavior in extensions in two ways. First, Hulk leverages HoneyPages, which are dynamic pages that adapt to an extension's expectations in web page structure and content. Second, Hulk employs a fuzzer to drive the numerous event handlers that modern extensions heavily rely upon. We analyzed 48K extensions from the Chrome Web store, driving each with over 1M URLs. We identify a number of malicious extensions, including one with 5.5 million affected users, stressing the risks that extensions pose for today's web security ecosystem, and the need to further strengthen browser security to protect user data and privacy.
An Efficient Clustering Algorithm for Moving Object Trajectories

 Abstract— Evidence of increasing and continuous diffusion of low cost GPS devices, it is becoming the challenges to analyze the moving objects trajectory data. To analyze the moving object trajectories, there is a need for mechanism that how to effectively cluster on moving objects. Trajectory clustering has long been an important research direction on move mining, but still remains which algorithm is more effective among existing algorithms. In this paper, we propose a clustering algorithm which is based on Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). It cannot cluster data sets well with large differences in densities. We address this problem by proposed clustering algorithm which enhanced the DBSCAN by solving time consuming. Finally we evaluate an efficient trajectory clustering algorithm with real trajectory dataset by comparing with DBSCAN. Evaluation results show that proposed clustering algorithm can provide better performance and minimal error than DBSCAN.
Coupled term-term relation analysis for document clustering

Traditional document clustering approaches are usually based on the Bag of Words model, which is limited by its assumption of the independence among terms. Recent strategies have been proposed to capture the relation between terms based on statistical analysis, and they estimate the relation between terms purely by their co-occurrence across the documents. However, the implicit interactions with other link terms are overlooked, which leads to the discovery of incomplete information. This paper proposes a coupled term-term relation model for document representation, which considers both the intra-relation (i.e. co-occurrence of terms) and inter-relation (i.e. dependency of terms via link terms) between a pair of terms. The coupled relation for each pair of terms is further used to map a document onto a new feature space, which includes more semantic information. Substantial experiments verify that the document clustering incorporated with our proposed relation achieves a significant performance improvement compared to the state-of-the-art techniques.
Texture Mapping Using Surface Flattening via Multidimensional Scaling

Presents a novel technique for texture mapping on arbitrary surfaces with minimal distortion by preserving the local and global structure of the texture. The recent introduction of the fast marching method on triangulated surfaces has made it possible to compute a geodesic distance map from a given surface point in O(n lg n) operations, where n is the number of triangles that represent the surface. We use this method to design a surface flattening approach based on multi-dimensional scaling (MDS). MDS is a family of methods that map a set of points into a finite-dimensional flat (Euclidean) domain, where the only data given is the corresponding distance between every pair of points. The MDS mapping yields minimal changes of the distances between the corresponding points. We then solve an "inverse" problem and map a flat texture patch onto a curved surface while preserving the structure of the texture.
Metabolic profile in growth hormone-deficient (GHD) adults after long-term recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy.

BACKGROUND The metabolic effects of recombinant human GH (rhGH) therapy in adults are well-documented in the short term. The effects of long-term rhGH therapy beyond 5 yr on metabolic parameters are presently unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term effects of rhGH treatment on biochemical and anthropometric parameters in a large cohort of GH-deficient adults. METHODS Ninety-eight GH-deficient adult patients treated with rhGH for at least 10 yr were included (mean age, 59.4 yr; 50% female). Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, anthropometric parameters, IGF-I, and glucose were evaluated at baseline and after 5, 10, and 15 yr of treatment. In addition, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and the incidence of cardiovascular events were assessed. RESULTS Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were lower, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher during long-term rhGH replacement when compared to baseline (all P < 0.001). Both waist circumference (P < 0.001) and body mass index (P = 0.018) were significantly higher after 10 yr, as were fasting plasma glucose levels (P < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in triglycerides, waist-to-hip ratio, and blood pressure during follow-up. In the subset of patients with 15-yr rhGH treatment (n = 43), generally similar metabolic effects were found. MS prevalence was increased after 10 yr of rhGH treatment (57.1 vs. 32.7%; P < 0.001), especially in males (69.4 vs. 32.7%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Despite improvement of several cardiovascular risk factors, MS prevalence increased significantly during rhGH treatment. The effect of long-term rhGH treatment on overall cardiovascular risk profile needs to be established in a larger cohort.
Gamete-Type Dependent Crossover Interference Levels in a Defined Region of Caenorhabditis elegans Chromosome V

In certain organisms, numbers of crossover events for any single chromosome are limited (“crossover interference”) so that double crossover events are obtained at much lower frequencies than would be expected from the simple product of independent single-crossover events. We present a number of observations during which we examined interference over a large region of Caenorhabditis elegans chromosome V. Examining this region for multiple crossover events in heteroallelic configurations with limited dimorphism, we observed high levels of crossover interference in oocytes with only partial interference in spermatocytes.
Coverage preserved optimal routing protocol for improving the quality of service in wireless sensor networks

In wireless sensor network, there are many hurdles takes place in providing quality of service routing to a desired level. The majority of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks concentrates only on energy efficiency as a prime factor, and only very few approaches focus on Quality of Service (QoS). Even few protocols provides QoS routing takes traditional parameters like bandwidth, delay and jitter. This proposed protocol provides an approach in a different way such that QoS routing can be a blend of some modern metrics. A novel protocol named Coverage Preserving Routing (CPR), has been designed which provides a complete and effective coverage of the network with minimum active nodes for a expected lifetime. This coverage based routing protocol consists of three phases namely cluster head selection, node self-scheduling and optimal routing. Cluster head selection phase preserves the coverage area of the network using a coverage preserving cluster head selection algorithm. This algorithm finds the node with minimum sensitivity area in a cluster has been elected as cluster head for every round. Node self-scheduling phase takes care of off-duty eligibility nodes of a round and performs a coordinated sleeping among nodes. Optimal routing phase has been developed based on multi path routing algorithm and it finds multiple shortest paths and performs each round of routing depends upon the energy levels of the nodes. Simulation results shows that the protocol provides a better coverage of the network. The lifetime is assured due to coordinative sleeping and multi path routing to some extent.
Earthquakes Media Coverage in the Digital Age

Cet article evalue dans quelles mesures les parametres sismiques mesures par les geophysiciens permettent de predire la probabilite qu’un evenement sismique se transforme en evenement mediatique international. A partir de l’etude de plus de 117 000 resumes d’articles de presse publies en ligne au cours du premier semestre 2014 par une dizaine de revues localisees en differents points du monde, nous montrons que la mediatisation des seismes repond a une logique rendue globale par la focalisation de l’information sur un indicateur unique : la magnitude. Ces resultats sont interessants pour les geophysiciens car ils les invitent a repenser leurs strategies de communication. Ils sont interessants pour les geographes car ils suggerent que les medias en ligne tendent a homogeneiser leurs strategies de mediatisation d’evenements sismiques etrangers.
Selection of Identifiability Criteria for Total Effects by using Path Diagrams

Pearl has provided the back door criterion, the front door criterion and the conditional instrumental variable (IV) method as identifiability criteria for total effects. In some situations, these three criteria can be applied to identifying total effects simultaneously. For the purpose of increasing estimating accuracy, this paper compares the three ways of identifying total effects in terms of the asymptotic variance, and concludes that in some situations the superior of them can be recognized directly from the graph structure.
Maintaining connectivity among multiple agents in cyclic pursuit: A geometric approach

This paper studies the connectivity maintenance problem in linear and nonlinear cyclic pursuit, when different control gains are assigned to each agent. Feasibility/infeasibility conditions for this problem are established in both the linear and nonlinear scenarios using geometric arguments. These conditions elucidate the role played by the control gains, initial conditions and communication radius of the agents, on the connectivity of the robotic network.
Assessing the Attitudes of Urban Residents towards Improved Stove and its Contribution to the Conservation of Forest Resources in Central Ethiopia: The Case of Debre Berhan Town

Due to deforestation and land degradation, domestic energy crisis resulting from the unsustainable use of biomass energy is becoming one of serious environmental problems in Ethiopia. This study was conducted with the objectives to: (1) examine the attitudes of the urban residents towards the use of improved stoves over traditional stoves in Debre Berhan town; (2) evaluate the efforts made by the concerned bodies to introduce and distribute improved stoves; and (3) quantify the effect of the use of improved stoves over traditional stoves in reducing the problem of fuelwood shortage and ultimately its contribution to the conservation of forest resources in the surrounding area of Debre Berhan town. Closedand open-ended structured questionnaire was developed by considering socioeconomic variables. The questionnaire was administered to a total of n = 150 households. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used to analyze and interpret the data. The results revealed that there is high demand for fuelwood in Debre Berhan town because most of the households use traditional stoves for backing “injera” and bread. Unfortunately, resulting from low income and high purchasing costs, introduction and dissemination of improved stoves is not widely practiced in the town. However, majority of the respondents strongly agreed (about 55%) that they had positive attitudes towards the use of improved stove over traditional stove. The multiple linear regression model revealed that several socioeconomic variables significantly affected the attitudes of the urban residents towards ‘the use of improved stove over traditional stove’. Overall, the multiple linear regression model revealed that socioeconomic variables had significant effects on the attitudes of the urban residents towards ‘the use of improved stove over traditional stove’ (34% variance explained). Raising the awareness level of the urban residents about the significance of the use of improved stoves over traditional stoves is essential. Introducing and distributing improved stoves by various stakeholders in the town is a key to the success of the use of improved stoves over traditional stoves. The government is also required to subsidize the costs of improved stoves so that dissemination of energy efficient modern technology can be pragmatic in Ethiopia.
Redetermination of dipotassium trichloridostannate(II) chloride monohydrate

The title compound, K2[SnCl3]Cl·H2O, is the prototype of some isostructural compounds of composition M 2[SnX 3]X·H2O (M = large monovalent cation; X = halogen). In comparison with a previous study based on photographic data [Kamenar & Grdenić (1962 ▶). J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 24, 1039–1045], its crystal structure has now been redetermined using CCD-based data in order to gain more accurate values for bond lengths and angles within the [SnCl3]− anion and to locate the H atoms. The [SnCl3]− anion has a trigonal–pyramidal shape and exhibits crystallographic mirror symmetry. With the exception of the K+ ion which is located on a general position, all other atoms are situated on crystallographic mirror planes. The coordination polyhedron of the cation may be described by means of nine atoms in the form of a monocapped square antiprism with seven typical K—Cl/O distances and two additional atoms at considerably longer distances. The positions of the H atoms of the water molecule (also lying on a crystallographic mirror plane) could be determined and confirm the existence of a bifurcated O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bond to neighbouring Cl atoms.
Using a Mobile Robot to Study Locust Collision Avoidance Responses

The visual systems of insects perform complex processing using remarkably compact neural circuits, yet these circuits are often studied using simplified stimuli which fail to reveal their behaviour in more complex visual environments. We address this issue by testing models of these circuits in real-world visual environments using a mobile robot. In this paper we focus on the lobula giant movement detector (LGMD) system of the locust which responds selectively to objects which approach the animal on a collision course and is thought to trigger escape behaviours. We show that a neural network model of the LGMD system shares the preference for approaching objects and detects obstacles over a range of speeds. Our results highlight aspects of the basic response properties of the biological system which have important implications for the behavioural role of the LGMD.
Natural colloid mobilization and leaching in wettable and water repellent soil under saturated condition

Abstract The coupled transport of pollutants that are adsorbed to colloidal particles has always been a major topic for environmental sciences due to many unfavorable effects on soils and groundwater. This laboratory column study was conducted under saturated moisture conditions to compare the hydrophobic character of the suspended and mobilized colloids in the percolates released from a wettable subsoil and a water repellent topsoil. Both soils with different organic matter content were analyzed for wettability changes before and after leaching using sessile drop contact angles as well as water and ethanol sorptivity curves, summarized as repellency index. Hydrophobicity of the effluent suspensions was assessed using the C18 adsorption method. Water repellency level of the repellent soil decreased after leaching but remained on a lower level of water repellency, while, the wettable soil remained wettable. The leached colloids from the repellent soil were predominantly hydrophilic and the percentage of the hydrophobic colloid fraction in the effluent did not systematically changed with time. Total colloid release depended on soil carbon stock but not on soil wettability. Our results suggest that due to the respective character of transported colloids a similar co-transport mechanism for pollutants may occur which does not depend explicitly on soil wettability of the releasing horizon, but could be more affected by total SOM content. Further studies with a wider range of soils are necessary to determine if the dominant hydrophilic character of leached colloids is typical. Due to the mostly hydrophilic colloid character we conclude also that changes in wettability status, i.e. of wettable subsoil horizons due to the leachate, may not necessarily occur very fast, even when the overlaying topsoil is a repellent soil horizon with a high organic matter content.
Group-theoretic Algorithms for Multiphoton

Introduction and Background WignerD-functions are the matrix elements of the representations of finite group SU(n) of n × n special unitary matrices. Wigner D-functions of SU(2) group elements are used in nuclear, atomic and molecular physics [1–3]. In the Standard Model of particle physics, SU(2), SU(3) and SU(6) D-functions are used to describe transformations that preserve global or local symmetries [4–6]. Recently, SU(n) transformations have been the subject of considerable interest because of the BosonSampling problem. The output from an n-channel passive optical interferometer affecting a SU(n) transformation on indistinguishable single-photon pulse inputs is computationally hard classically subject to conjectures [7–9]. The action of three-channel optical interferometers on partially distinguishable single-photon inputs is best described by SU(3) D-functions [10–12]. D-functions of SU(2) group elements are well studied and tabulated [13]. SU(3) D-functions in a weight basis can be calculated as products of SU(2) Wigner Dfunctions [14, 15]. D-functions in the weight basis, which connect eigenstates of the weight-basis elements of su(n), su(n − 1) . su(2) Lie algebras, are especially suitable for studying permutational symmetric Bosonic systems. D-functions in the GelfandTsetlin basis for su(n) algebras can be constructed [16,17] but these functions lack the manifest permutational symmetries that arise in physical systems like BosonSampling interferometers.
A novel methodology for large-scale daily assessment of the direct radiative forcing of smoke aerosols

Abstract. A new methodology was developed for obtaining daily retrievals of the direct radiative forcing of aerosols (24h-DARF) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) using satellite remote sensing. Simultaneous CERES (Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System) shortwave flux at the top of the atmosphere and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Spectroradiometer) aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals were used. To analyse the impact of forest smoke on the radiation balance, this methodology was applied over the Amazonia during the peak of the biomass burning season from 2000 to 2009. To assess the spatial distribution of the DARF, background smoke-free scenes were selected. The fluxes at the TOA under clean conditions (Fcl) were estimated as a function of the illumination geometry (θ0) for each 0.5° × 0.5° grid cell. The instantaneous DARF was obtained as the difference between the clean (Fcl (θ0)) and the polluted flux at the TOA measured by CERES in each cell (Fpol (θ0)). The radiative transfer code SBDART (Santa Barbara DISORT Radiative Transfer model) was used to expand instantaneous DARFs to 24 h averages. This new methodology was applied to assess the DARF both at high temporal resolution and over a large area in Amazonia. The spatial distribution shows that the mean 24h-DARF can be as high as −30 W m−2 over some regions. The temporal variability of the 24h-DARF along the biomass burning season was also studied and showed large intraseasonal and interannual variability. We showed that our methodology considerably reduces statistical sources of uncertainties in the estimate of the DARF, when compared to previous approaches. DARF assessments using the new methodology agree well with ground-based measurements and radiative transfer models. This demonstrates the robustness of the new proposed methodology for assessing the radiative forcing for biomass burning aerosols. To our knowledge, this is the first time that satellite remote sensing assessments of the DARF have been compared with ground-based DARF estimates.