Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Challenges in Management of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil Based on Waqf

Poverty which is a problem in all countries to make it one of the priorities of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) needs to be resolved from various aspects. In order to alleviate poverty, cash waqf is a very good alternative besides zakat. The potential of cash waqf in Indonesia is estimated to be quite large. Although there have been initiators and discourse by scientists related to the empowerment of the poor using instruments of Zakat, Alms and Endowments, the management of Waqf using Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) as a sharia financial institution to empower the poor in Indonesia is still underdeveloped. The most common problems experienced by waqf-based BMTs are related to regulations that must be used in institutions related to legal entities under OJK regulations as well as cooperatives and MSMEs, then human resources, and related to securing cash waqf communities in BMTs that are still low. the government needs to firmly provide direction in the form of regulations under the OJK as well as the Ministry of Cooperatives and MSMEs, while for human resources a continuous recruitment, training and workshop system is needed, a low understanding of the community is provided with existing stakeholders regarding waqf.
The Determinant of Foreign Direct Investment Across Provinces in Indonesia: The Role of Market Size, Resources, and Competitiveness

The paper aims to analyze the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indonesia for the period of 1990-2014, before and after the implementation of the regional autonomy policy. This study used a panel data regression technique throughout 26 province analysis units. Several important factors affecting the FDI across the provinces are considered such as market size indicators (GDP and population), resource indicators (labor force and human resources), and competitiveness indicators (electricity, road length, wages, and export). The results show that only two indicators, namely resources and competitiveness, are statistically significant in influencing the FDI inflow across the provinces. The results of this study have several important implications on public policies aimed at attracting foreign direct investments to the provinces in Indonesia. The government must pay more attention to developing and improving the infrastructure, improving the quality of human resources both in formal and non-formal education through training and skills enhancement at productive age (workforce), and determining regional wage through agreement (deliberation) between the regional governments, employers and trade unions. There is also the need for regional governments to facilitate regional exports through export promotion and export training policies for regional entrepreneurs.
Improving Company Performance through Innovation Capability and Supply Chain Integration

This research aims to analyze the improvement of company performance through innovation capability and supply chain integration as a moderating variable, especially in the earthenware industry in Kasongan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The data was taken through the distribution of questionnaires to 135 SMEs of earthenware craftsmen using proportionate stratified random sampling. The research conducted structural equation modeling to test the proposed hypotheses. The results of this research indicate that there is a significant positive effect of innovation capability on supply chain integration, and the positive effect of innovation capability and supply chain integration on company performance. So that it can be used as a reference to improve the SME ’s performance . Keywords: Company Performance, Innovation Capability, Supply Chain Integration, SMEs
A study of short term outcome of late preterm babies

Background: Late preterm babies born between 34 to <37 weeks of gestation are associated with adverse short term and long term outcomes and an increased burden on health care. Aim was to study the short term outcome of late preterm babies in comparison with term babies and to study the maternal risk factors involved in late preterm. Methods: Prospective and descriptive study was conducted on the late preterm babies born at SIMS & RC over a period of 15 months from October 2015 to December 2016. Cases included were late preterm newborns and control was term newborns. Results: Among late preterm babies, the common maternal risk factors observed was PIH in 35.3% (40/113), antepartum haemorrhage in 20.3% (23/113) and PPROM in 19.4% (22/113) of the cases. Based on gestational age, majority of them were between 35≤36 weeks in 38.9% (44/113). Based on birth weight, most of them were between 1.5-2.5 kg in 85.8% (97/113). Among gender majority of them were males in 56.6% (64/113) of the cases. Late preterm babies had more morbidities and mortality compared to term babies. The common morbidities observed were jaundice in 63.7% (72/113), feed intolerance in 28.3% (32/113), hypoglycemia in 27.4% (31/113) and sepsis in 22.1% (25/113) of the cases when compared to term babies jaundice were noted in 62% (1228/1978), sepsis in 5.7% (113/1978), hypoglycaemia in 3.4% (68/1978), respiratory distress in 3.1% (63/1978) of the cases respectively. The late preterm mortality was 1.7% (2/113) compared term mortality of 0.45% (9/1978). Overall late preterm mortality rate was 0.86% (2/2311) compared to term which was 3.89%(9/2311) of the total live births. Conclusions: This study shows morbidity and mortality was high in late preterm babies compared to term babies with significant maternal risk factors.
ENTRY BARRIERS AND FIRM DYNAMICS Evidence from the Minimum Capital Requirement in Finland Master’s Thesis

In this thesis, I evaluate the effects of the minimum capital requirement on firm dynamics in Finland. Specifically, I look at the number, survival and employment growth of entrant firms. I also explore the dynamics of incumbent firms and overall employment. I find evidence that lowering the minimum capital requirement causes an increase in the number of limited companies created and a net increase in the number of jobs created by young limited companies. The effect is potentially very large, though significant uncertainty remains over the magnitude. As for the effects on incumbents and total employment, the evidence is inconclusive. The minimum capital requirement is a regulation that obliges the founder(s) of a limited company to invest at least a certain amount towards the share capital of their firm. As such, it serves as a potential barrier for new entrepreneurs, especially considering the fact that most limited companies are founded using the minimum required amount of capital. Recent research has noted a declining trend in entry rates and the economic contribution of young firms across the developed world, and this thesis also provides descriptive evidence that suggests Finland is experiencing similar trends. Policy makers may look to the lowering of entry barriers as a response to such trends. Perhaps as an example of this, the minimum capital requirement has indeed been recently removed entirely in Finland, with an explicit goal of easing the setting up of businesses. With this in mind, I look at the effects of two previous reforms in the minimum capital requirement. Between its introduction in 1980 and removal in 2019, the minimum capital requirement went through two major alterations: first an increase from 15 000 Finnish markkas to 50 000 Finnish markkas in 1997 and then a decrease from 8 000 euros to 2 500 euros in 2006 (after a conversion from 50 000 mk to 8 000 €). Comparing industries that I expect to have been more affected by the reforms to those industries for which I expect the effects to be relatively small, I estimate that the latter reform led to the creation of roughly a thousand new limited companies per year in 2007-2017 with little drop in average performance, but find no evidence for any effects of the former reform. There might be several reasons for the conflicting results, for instance data limitations in case of the 1997 reform and potential confounding factors inflating the estimates of the 2006 reform. However, some of the descriptive evidence shows patterns that are strongly suggestive of the existence of an effect in both cases. Overall, the evidence suggests that lowering entry barriers, at least the minimum capital requirement, is a potential tool for increasing employment, though there might be other negative effects for instance on productivity or the protection of consumers and debtors that are not explored here. Furthermore, it alone is unlikely to turn around the trend of falling entry rates and economic contribution of entrants.
The Latest Improvements in SURFEX v8.0 of the Safran-Isba-Modcou
Hydrometeorological Model over France

Abstract. The Safran-Isba-Modcou (SIM) hydrometeorological system was developed and put into operations at Meteo-France in the early 2000's. SIM application is devoted to water resource monitoring, and therefore can help monitoring drought or forecasting flood risks over French territory. This complex system combines three models: SAFRAN analysis of near-surface meteorological variables, ISBA land surface model which aims at computing surface fluxes at the interface with the atmosphere and soil variables, and finally MODCOU a hydrogeological model which calculates river discharges and groundwater level evolutions. SIM model was improved first by reducing the SAFRAN infrared radiation bias, then by using the more advanced multi-layer diffusion surface scheme of ISBA to have a more physical representation of the surface and soil processes. At the same time more accurate and up-to-date input databases for vegetation, soil texture and orography were used and finally in mountainous areas a subgrid representation of the orography using elevation bands was adopted as well as the possibility to add a reservoir to represent the effect of aquifers in mountains. SIM model was run for a 60y period from 1958 to 2018. The present paper describes the changes and demonstrates that the SIM new version performs better than the previous one by comparing a set of selected simulations to measurements of daily streamflow and observations of snow depths.
1.5 years of TROPOMI CO measurements: Comparisons to MOPITT and ATom

We have analyzed TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) carbon monoxide (CO) data acquired between November 2017 and March 2019 with respect to other satellite (MOPITT, Measurement Of Pollution In The Troposphere) and airborne (ATom, Atmospheric Tomography mission) datasets to better understand TROPOMI’s contribution to the global tropospheric CO record (2000 to present). MOPITT and TROPOMI are two of only a few satellite instruments to ever derive CO from solar-reflected radiances. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand how these two datasets compare. Our results indicate that TROPOMI CO retrievals over land show excellent agreement with respect to MOPITT: relative biases and their SD (i.e., accuracy and precision) are on average −3.73%± 11.51%, −2.24%± 12.38%, and −3.22%± 11.13% compared to the MOPITT TIR (thermal infrared), NIR (near infrared), and TIR+NIR (multispectral) products, respectively. TROPOMI and MOPITT data also show good agreement in terms of temporal and spatial patterns. Despite depending on solar-reflected radiances for its measurements, TROPOMI can also retrieve CO over bodies of water if clouds are present by approximating partial columns under cloud tops using scaled, model-based reference CO profiles. We quantify the bias of TROPOMI total column retrievals over bodies of water with respect to colocated in situ ATom CO profiles after smoothing the latter with the TROPOMI column averaging kernels (AKs), which account for signal attenuation under clouds (relative bias and its SD= 3.25%± 11.46 %). In addition, we quantify enull (the null-space error), which accounts for differences between the shape of the TROPOMI reference profile and that of the ATom true profile (enull = 2.16%± 2.23 %). For comparisons of TROPOMI and MOPITT retrievals over open water we compare TROPOMI total CO columns to their colocated MOPITT TIR counterparts. Relative bias and its SD are 2.98%± 15.71 % on average. We investigate the impact of discrepancies between the a priori and reference CO profiles (used by MOPITT and TROPOMI, respectively) on CO retrieval biases by applying a null-space adjustment (based on the MOPITT a priori) to the TROPOMI total column values. The effect of this adjustment on MOPITT and TROPOMI biases is minor, typically 1–2 percentage points. Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 4842 S. Martínez-Alonso et al.: 1.5 years of TROPOMI CO: comparisons to MOPITT and ATom
Internet Banking Internationally and in Greece. The Determinants of its Adoption.

This project is co-funded by the European Social Fund and national resources Abstract Internet banking is a distribution channel, which is increasingly being adopted by bank customers worldwide. However, this channel has not yet been exploited by Greek bank customers as could have been. Greeks, together with other nations, have been rather laggard in adopting it as well as in using other innovations, such as the Internet, which is unbreakably connected with the use of Internet banking. Nevertheless, there are positive future prospects regarding the adoption of Internet banking, even in countries like Greece. The topic of Internet banking is gaining more and more the interest of researchers worldwide. In their effort to understand what affects the adoption of Internet banking, they have applied a large range of models in different countries and environments. A widely accepted model that has been proved to be facilitating research on adoption of Information Technology is Davis’s Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). TAM has been extensively applied in the context of Internet banking, either in its primary or in modified forms. A modified TAM is suggested in the present work too, as a tool to examine the adoption of Internet banking. More specifically, the proposed tool examines the direct or indirect influence of constructs of the original TAM, such as “perceived usefulness” and “perceived ease of use”, along with that of later additions to the model (i.e. “perceived credibility”) or other contributive constructs (e.g. “innovativeness”, “satisfaction with banking channels”), on the bank customers’ intentions towards the use of Internet banking. This model has been developed aiming to facilitate the investigation of web-experienced bank customers’ intentions to adopt Internet banking.
Correlated racing evidence accumulator models

Many models of response time that base choices on the ﬁrst evidence accumulator to win a race to threshold rely on statistical independence between accumulators to achieve mathematical tractability (e.g., Brown & Heathcote, 2008; Logan et al., 2014; Van Zandt et al., 2000). However, it is psychologically plausible that trial-to-trial ﬂuctuations can cause both positive correlations (e.g., variability in arousal, attention or response caution that aﬀect accumulators in the same way) and negative correlations (e.g., when evidence for each accumulator is computed relative to a criterion). We examine the eﬀects of such correlations in a racing accumulator model that remains tractable when they are present, the log-normal race (LNR Heathcote& Love,2012). We ﬁrst show that correlations are hard to estimate in binary choice data, and that their presence does not noticeably improve model ﬁt to lexical-decision data (Wagenmakers et al., 2008) that is well ﬁt by an independent LNR model. Poor estimation is attributable to the fact that estimation of correlation requires information about the relationship between accumulator states but only the state of the winning accumulator is directly observed in binary choice. We then show that this problem is remedied when discrete conﬁdence judgments are modelled by an extension of Vickers’ (1979) “balance-of-evidence” hypothesis proposed by Reynolds et al. (submitted). In this “multiple-threshold race” model conﬁdence is based on the state of the losing accumulator judged relative to one or more extra thresholds. We show that not only is correlation well estimated in a multiple-threshold log-normal race (MTLNR) model with as few as two conﬁdence levels, but that it also resulted in clearly better ﬁts to Ratcliﬀ et al.’s (1994) recognition memory data than an independent mode. We conclude that the MTLNR provides a mathematically tractable tool that is useful both for investigating correlations between accumulators and for modelling conﬁdence judgments.
Is There a Trade-off between Child Quantity and Child Quality? A Case Study of Children in Rural Terengganu, Malaysia

The objective of this paper is to examine whether the hypothesis of the child quantity-quality trade-off developed by (3] and [4] is borne out by data from a developing country. In particular, this paper tests whether child quantity has a negative impact on child quality (i.e. child’s education) using a sample of children data from a recent survey of 2500 households in rural areas in Terengganu, Malaysia. Like previous empirical studies, this study employs an instrumental variable method in a system of two equations, where child quantity is instrumented by an exogenous variation in fertility, namely gender sameness of the first two-born children. In the baseline estimation as well as in a series of robustness check, our key findings are that there is a positive yet insignificant impact of child quantity on child quality. Accordingly, we take these results as weak evidence against the child quantityquality trade-off. Keywords-child quantity; child quality; trade-off; fertility; human capital; gender sameness.
The Influence of Corporate Governance and Company Size on the Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility in Basic and Chemical Industrial Companies Listed on BEI

In their operational activities, manufacturing companies process raw materials into finished goods. Residues of production or what is often called waste can cause water, soil and air pollution. This requires Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) towards the community and the government. The definition of CSR according to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCD) is the company's ongoing commitment to act ethically and contribute to the economic development of internal parties or the wider community, at the same time as improving the living standards of its employees and the entire family. In many cases, social responsibility has not been adhered to properly and normally by the company. The results of evaluations of social impacts indicate that many conflicts and problems are left by the residuals of the company's production. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of corporate governance and company size on CSR disclosure. The present study was conducted at the Basic and Chemical Industrial Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Stages of the study began by collecting data on companies needed in this study. Furthermore, the data obtained will be analyzed using the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis method. The results of the study indicate that corporate governance and company size have no effect on CSR disclosure both simultaneously and partially. Furthermore, the research will be expanded by analyzing other factors that influence CSR or analyzing certain items of CSR that are the most disclosed by companies.
Finnish technology-intensive growth firms: individual capabilities during high-growth and internationalization

Author: Samu-Pekka Vilkki Title: Finnish technology-intensive growth firms: individual capabilities during high growth and internationalization Subject: International Business and Entrepreneurship Type of degree: Master’s degree Time of publication: 2020 Number of pages: 48 Growth companies have been current topic for a few decades especially in the field of technological innovations and ventures. Global markets and escalating speed of new innovative solutions has provided an environment for new ventures to be born globals or to internationalize rapidly. Internationalization and even more naturally global operational environment enables companies to grow faster than previously and this has attracted new start-up companies into the markets. This study covers the topic of high growth, born globals and internationalization in technology companies from employee capability perspective. The research of this study answers questions of what kind of key capabilities and skills are required from employees in growth companies and how these skills and capabilities are developed. Also, impacts of high growth on employees is covered in this study. The research setting was built on Finnish technology-intensive growth firms. In total, five HR and management level representatives were interviewed on their company’s views on research questions. The data from interviews was transcribed and analyzed by using content analysis method. Theme mapping was used to create logical structures within the phenomenon. The main finding from the results was that high growth companies within the technology industry rely on their employees to be in personal responsibility of developing new skills. Company participation on developing skills and capabilities comes often in latter stage of high growth when HR structures are created. Entrepreneurial attitude and learning capabilities are the most important features of a growth company employee within this
OP-GBEV180059 1088..1103

The world’s smallest fishes belong to the genus Paedocypris. These miniature fishes are endemic to an extreme habitat: the peat swamp forests in Southeast Asia, characterized by highly acidic blackwater. This threatened habitat is home to a large array of fishes, including a number of miniaturized but also developmentally truncated species. Especially the genus Paedocypris is characterized by profound, organism-wide developmental truncation, resulting in sexually mature individuals of <8 mm in length with a larval phenotype. Here, we report on evolutionary simplification in the genomes of two species of the dwarf minnow genus Paedocypris using whole-genome sequencing. The two species feature unprecedented Hox gene loss and genome reduction in association with their massive developmental truncation. We also show how other genes involved in the development of musculature, nervous system, and skeleton have been lost in Paedocypris, mirroring its highly progenetic phenotype. Further, our analyses suggest two mechanisms responsible for the genome streamlining in Paedocypris in relation to other Cypriniformes: severe intron shortening and reduced repeat content. As the first report on the genomic sequence of a vertebrate species with organism-wide developmental truncation, the results of our work enhance our understanding of genome evolution and how genotypes are translated to phenotypes. In addition, as a naturally simplified system closely related to zebrafish, Paedocypris provides novel insights into vertebrate development.