Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Achieving Ultrahigh Cycling Stability and Extended Potential Window for Supercapacitors through Asymmetric Combination of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposite and Activated Carbon

Conducting polymers and carbon-based materials such as graphene oxide (GO) and activated carbon (AC) are the most promising capacitive materials, though both offer charge storage through different mechanisms. However, their combination can lead to some unusual results, offering improvement in certain properties in comparison with the individual materials. Cycling stability of supercapacitors devices is often a matter of concern, and extensive research is underway to improve this phenomena of supercapacitive devices. Herein, a high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor device was fabricated using graphene oxide–polyaniline (GO@PANI) nanocomposite as positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as negative electrode. The device showed 142 F g−1 specific capacitance at 1 A g−1 current density with capacitance retention of 73.94% at higher current density (10 A g−1). Most importantly, the device exhibited very high electrochemical cycling stability. It retained 118.6% specific capacitance of the starting value after 10,000 cycles at 3 Ag−1 and with coulombic efficiency of 98.06 %, indicating great potential for practical applications. Very small solution resistance (Rs, 0.640 Ω) and charge transfer resistance (Rct, 0.200 Ω) were observed hinting efficient charge transfer and fast ion diffusion. Due to asymmetric combination, potential window was extended to 1.2 V in aqueous electrolyte, as a result higher energy density (28.5 Wh kg−1) and power density of 2503 W kg−1 were achieved at the current density 1 Ag−1. It also showed an aerial capacitance of 57 mF cm−2 at current 3.2 mA cm−2. At this current density, its energy density was maximum (0.92 mWh cm−2) with power density (10.47 W cm−2).
Feto-maternal impact of altered lipid profile in pregnancy

Hypertensive disorders complicate approximately 10% of all pregnancies worldwide, with onset of symptoms in the late second or third trimester, most commonly after the 32nd week. The national incidence is reported to be 810%. Preeclampsia is one of the major cause of maternal mortality in developed and developing countries. It is also a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality and it is very strongly related to fetal growth retardation. To avoid complications, it is very important to diagnose it early, but the available tools are unable to clinch the diagnosis of preeclampsia effective in majority. Pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH) is one of the major risk factors in present day health care practice because it not only causes maternal mortality but also impaires fetal development during pregnancy.
Association of Glutathione S-transferase Genes (M1 and T1) with the Risk of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a Moroccan Population

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia, as most cancers, results from exposure to carcinogens and an impaired inherited individual capacity to eliminate xenobiotics. The present case-control study measures the relationship between glutathione S-transferase (GST) T1 and M1 null genotypes and the risk of acute myeloid leukemia. Methods: We identified the GSTT1 andGSTM1 genotypes by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in 129 acute myeloid leukemia patients and 129 controls. Results: Individuals that carried GSTT1 null had a risk of acute myeloid leukemia when compared to GSTT1 present carriers (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.63-4.80, P=0.00036). However, GSTM1 null did not influence the risk for acute myeloid leukemia (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.72-1.97, P=0.53). The combined GSTT1 null/GSTM1 present genotype showed an association with the risk for acute myeloid leukemia compared to those that carried both functional genotypes (OR: 8.85; 95% CI: 3.09-23.8, P=0.0001). The double null genotype also showed an association with the risk for acute myeloid leukemia (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.15-4.66, P=0.019). Conclusion: Both GSTT1 null and GST double-null genotypes may be risk factors for acute myeloid leukemia. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Behavioral response of white‐tailed deer to coyote predation risk

Behavioral responses of prey to predation risk can affect lower trophic levels. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; hereafter deer) increase vigilance in response to coyote (Canis latrans) presence, but vigilance responses to spatiotemporal variation in coyote abundance are unknown. Therefore, we examined the relationship between deer foraging behavior and coyote abundance on two 2000-ha study areas in Georgia, USA, during 2010–2013. We used baited camera traps during fall and winter to quantify deer behavior (i.e., feeding or vigilant) and estimated coyote abundance using fecal genotyping to noninvasively mark and recapture individuals. During 2011 and 2012, coyote removals were implemented on each study area. Coyote abundance (i.e., predation risk) varied spatiotemporally and was a predictor of foraging behavior during at least one season for all sex-age classes of deer except juveniles. Adult males were more sensitive to predation risk in winter, after the breeding season, whereas adult females were sensitive to predation risk during both seasons, but more so during fall when offspring are at greater risk. Yearling males were more sensitive to predation risk than adult males, and juveniles were least sensitive to predation risk, likely because of inexperience and high energetic demands. Reproductive chronology explained sex-specific and seasonal antipredator responses to predation risk, but there was a non-linear relationship between indirect predator effects and direct predation risk for some sex-age classes. Our results suggest deer detect and respond behaviorally to variation in coyote abundance. Due to the widespread distribution of deer and their interactions at multiple trophic levels, the ecological implications of this finding may be wide-reaching.
Formal Organizations

FENELON, P. 1968. Les reliefs karstiques du Perigord. Revue Geographique des Pyrenees et du Sud-ouest 39:151-67. GUILLIEN, Y. , and J. P. LAUTRIDOU. 1970. "1. Calcaire des Charentes: Essai au gel de quelques calcaires charentais," in Reclherches de gelifraction experimentale dut Centre de Geomorphologie, pp. 7-45. Bulletin du Centre de Geomorphologie (Caen) 5. LAVILLE, H. 1975. Climatologie et clhronologie de Paleolithiqute n Perigord: Etude sedimentologique d s dep6ts en grottes et sous abris. Universite de Provence Etudes Quaternaires 4.
Bio-ecology of Indian gerbil, Tatera indica (Hardwicke) in relation to soil types

Rodents are serious vertebrate pests in agriculture as damages field crops as well as storage houses. They also threaten conservation work by their burrowing habit. Present field study was conducted in village Ladhowal, District Ludhiana and laboratory study was carried out in the Department of Zoology and Soil Science at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The soil texture observed in village Ladhowal was loamy-sand and sandy-loam soil. The mean value of organic carbon decreased with depth of soil. But the value of bulk density and particle density of loamy-sand soil increased with depth due to low organic carbon content in the lower layers that lead to less soil porosity and less infiltration rate of the soil. Due to presence of more sand content in loamy-sand soil, the water holding capacity of soil also decreased and less moisture content retained in the soil that provide suitable condition for the burrowing activity of Tatera indicain both loamy-sand and sandy-loam soils. In summer season, T. indica dig burrows deep inside soil (71.45±2.21 to 84.50±1.41cm) when mean soil temperature is around 33.83±0.72 to 34.81±0.61C and mean soil moisture is 10.12±0.77 to 13.72±0.54%, but as the weather changes from summer to monsoon, post-monsoon, winter and spring seasons, there is great fluctuations in the climate in terms of atmospheric and soil temperatures and soil moisture contents, the mean length of burrow increases and depth decreases. The rat dig burrows with more length (226.18±3.74 to 255.0±6.48 cm) in winter season when the mean soil temperature ranges from 15.32±0.26 to 17.04±0.43C and mean soil moisture is from 20.77±0.75 to 24.44±0.97% to make the burrow environment optimum for their survival. In both type of soils, during all seasons as the weather changes the rat changes the orientation of its burrows openings. During summer and monsoon seasons maximum mean orientation (%) of burrow opening was towards North-West and South-West whereas in winter season, it changes its pattern towards North-East and South-East to have optimum environment in the burrow. Open ends, blind ends and nest chambers in excavated burrows of T. indica gives non-significant results among both types of soils. The sex ratio (male: female) of trapped T. indica recorded was in favour of males in monsoon and spring seasons and in favour of females during post-monsoon and winter seasons leading to more population of gerbils with maximum weight during monsoon season. T. indica was the predominant species over Musbooduga and Bandicota bengalensiscausing damage (per acre) during pre-harvest stage of different vegetable and field crops in loamy-sand soil.
Sumatra's Endemic Crested Dragons (Agamidae: Lophocalotes): A New Species from the Bukit Barisan Range, Comments on Lophocalotes ludekingi, and Ecology

Abstract With the use of a concordance and a mitochondrial tree–morphological character congruence approach, we show that recently discovered populations of Lophocalotes represent a new species. Like its only known congener, the new species occurs only on Sumatra in montane forests above 1000 m. The new species differs from L. ludekingi in having more gulars, ventrals, and subdigital lamellae; in having males with a lower nuchal crest not supported by an arched flap of skin and white gular markings; and in having females with cream buccal epithelia. These agamids are slow-moving, arboreal, generalist predators and lay 2–6 eggs, multiple times per year. Lophocalotes exhibits pronounced sexual dimorphism. Interestingly, coloration of the buccal epithelium is sexually dichromatic in the new species. The recently described nematode Spinicauda sumatrana infected most hosts in our sample, and parasite load increased with snout-to-vent length. Lophocalotes is closely related to Dendragama and Pseudocalotes and shares two derived characters with Pseudocophotis sumatrana: a prehensile tail and reduced keels on the subdigital lamellae.
The effect of pre-graze mowing on milk production of dairy cows grazing grass–herb–legume pastures managed under contrasting spring defoliation regimes

Strategies to increase herbage dry-matter (DM) production are sought for dairy systems. One proposed strategy is tactical spring defoliation with greater pre-grazing herbage mass and higher post-grazing heights. However, there are concerns over the effects of these strategies on herbage quality, DM intake and milk production. Irrigated, diverse pastures in Canterbury, New Zealand, containing perennial ryegrass, white clover, chicory, plantain and lucerne, were managed over two grazing rotations in spring under normal (grazed to 3.5 cm) or lax management (grazed to 5 cm, allowing early ryegrass seedhead development before normal grazing at anthesis ‘late control’). On the third grazing rotation, a milk production study was conducted. Thirty-six, mid-lactation spring calving Friesian × Jersey dairy cows were allocated to nine groups of four cows and randomly allocated to three replicates of the following three treatments: (1) normal grazing (Norm), (2) lax grazing of standing herbage (Lax) and (3) lax grazing with pre-graze mowing of herbage (Mow). Cows were offered a daily herbage allocation of 30 kg DM/cow above ground level, with milk production measured over 8 days. Pastures managed under lax management had higher pre-grazing herbage mass (4149 kg DM/ha) than did pastures managed under normal management (3105 kg DM/ha), but all treatments had similar metabolisable energy (~12.26 MJ ME/kg DM). Daily milksolid (MS) production tended to be lower (P = 0.07) for cows grazing pastures managed under Lax and Mow (2.34 and 2.24 MS/cow.day respectively) than with Norm (2.43 MS/cow.day). Although there was no difference in daily MS production between mowing and greater pre-graze herbage mass, switching from a high to low grazing residual managed by either grazing or mowing in late spring is likely to have a negative impact on milk production.
IMPACT OF A HIGH OIL AND PROTEIN ON AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND OVERALL SEED COMPOSITION IN SOYBEAN

OF DISSERTATION IMPACT OF A HIGH OIL AND PROTEIN ON AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND OVERALL SEED COMPOSITION IN SOYBEAN New soybean lines have been developed with significantly higher oil, protein + oil and higher meal protein. These soybeans contain a VgD1 gene (highly active acylCoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, DGAT from Vernonia galamensis (VgDGAT1A) produces much higher oil synthesis and accumulation activity in soybean. Soybean with active DGAT from Vernonia galamensis (VgDGAT1A) has active TAG biosynthesis relative to other DGATs including from soybeans and Arabidopsis. DGATs catalyze the final step of TAG synthesis: DAG (diacylglycerol) + acyl-CoA  TAG + CoASH (Coenzyme A is notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle). A thorough analysis of the major components in VgD1 lines, especially those of nutritional or anti-nutritional value including what else changed (decreased); and what remained at normal levels was conducted. A field study was conducted in Spindletop and Princeton KY, reviled no reduction in yield nor protein, and about 4 % (DW) more oil was obtained in Princeton and 2% (DW) in Spindeltop. No consistent reduction in the other seed composition.VgDGAT1A soybean lines indicated noticeably early maturation compared to the parental line. This is associated with higher expression of the flowering genes FT2 (FLOWERING LOCUS T2) and FT5 (FLOWERING LOCUS T5), for the high oil lines. A single recessive mutation in soybean (MIPS) myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase, confers a seed phenotype of increase inorganic phosphate (Pi) crossed with high oil lines expressing a DGAT from Vernonia galamensis (VgDGAT1A) (VgD). The oil and protein were maintained compart to VgD. VgD X MIPS (VM), had 21.2, and 22 % oil in 2015, and 23.3 and 24.0 oil in 2016, and protein 46, 49 in 2015, and 37 and 39 % in 2016. Phosphate results suggesting the cross MV is still segregating for MIPS and more selection and planting are needed. Measurement of seed phosphate levels is an established technique for screening for low phytate mutants but to date, it has not been performed non-destructively from single soybean seeds. A protocol was developed greatly reducing the sample size thereby reducing the cost and time and saving a generation in the selection of low phytate mutant seeds based on the high Pi phenotype. Genotyping single seeds are useful in breeding and genetics while maintaining high germination rates. Nondestructive single-seed genomic DNA extraction protocols using 12 mg cotyledon tissue with a modified cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) technique and a commercial seed DNA extraction kit using 1 mg cotyledon tissue were developed for dry soybean seeds and cross-verified with leaf DNA analysis.
Systematic morphological profiling of human gene and allele function reveals Hippo-NF-κB pathway connectivity

We hypothesized that human genes and disease-associated alleles might be systematically functionally annotated using morphological profiling of cDNA constructs, via a microscopy-based Cell Painting assay. Indeed, 50% of the 220 tested genes yielded detectable morphological profiles, which grouped into biologically meaningful gene clusters consistent with known functional annotation (e.g., the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK cascade). We used novel subpopulation-based visualization methods to interpret the morphological changes for specific clusters. This unbiased morphologic map of gene function revealed TRAF2/C-REL negative regulation of YAP 1/WWTR1-responsive pathways. We confirmed this discovery of functional connectivity between the NF-κB pathway and Hippo pathway effectors at the transcriptional level, thereby expanding knowledge of these two signaling pathways that critically regulate tumor initiation and progression. We make the images and raw data publicly available, providing an initial morphological map of major biological pathways for future study.
The Genetic and Epigenetic Basis Involved in the Pathophysiology of ASD: Therapeutic Implications

The prevalence of autism has increased in an exponential way in the past few years. Many monogenetic mutations as well as copy number variants and single nucleotide polymorphisms have been associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), a large pro‐ portion of which occur in genes associated with synaptogenesis and synaptic function. However, the increase in appearance of genetic alterations does not explain the etiol‐ ogy of an elevated number of ASD cases. Recent research is now focusing on the role of environmental/epigenetic factors, which by themselves and/or in combination with classical genetic factors, may be the root cause of a large number of ASDs. In this chap‐ ter we review the current literature regarding the epigenetic changes involved in ASD, including their possible mechanisms of action such as oxidative stress, altered fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA methylation and histone methylation (via the one‐carbon metabolism cycle), histone variants, and ATP‐dependent chromatin remodeling. We discuss possible new biochemical markers related to autism as well as new lines of research for therapeutic targets.
The Relationship Between Food Rules and Childhood Obesity in Rural and Non-Rural Families

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD RULES AND CHILDHOOD OBESITY IN RURAL AND NON-RURAL FAMILIES ANNA VENJOHN 2020 Background: Childhood obesity is continuing to rise, leading to long-term health consequences. Research shows that rural populations have higher rates of childhood obesity. There is a lack of research on how the home environment may affect this health disparity. Parents often enforce food rules to control their child’s eating habits, but the difference between the rural and non-rural populations in enforcing these rules is unknown. Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine if there is a significant difference in food rules between rural and non-rural school-aged children, and if these differences correlate to BMI categories. Methods: Secondary cross-sectional data analysis from N=127 3, 4, and 5 grade children at a rural and non-rural school. The children provided anthropometric and survey data. They were measured for weight and height to gather BMI data and screened for dietary data, specifically food rule data, using the Block Kids Food Screener. Results: There was a significant difference in mean BMI percentile between rural and non-rural populations, with 43.6% of the rural population falling in the overweight or obese BMI category compared to 20% of the non-rural population. There was no significant correlation between specific food rules and BMI percentile. The non-rural group had an average of 6.28 of the 14 food rules while the rural group had an average of 3.81, p = . 0005. In rural populations, rules about not eating sweet snacks and fried foods are significantly less likely to be perceived by the children when compared to non-rural populations. “Rural” status was a significant predictor of BMI percentile for only one of the food rules, but it was significant for all of the food rules when Overweight/Obese weight status was the outcome of interest. There was a significant positive association between rules around limiting portion sizes at meals and BMI percentiles when controlling for the relationship between rural status and BMI. When overweight/obese was the outcome, there was a positive association between rules around only having fruit for dessert and not having sweet snacks, even when controlling for the relationship between rural status and weight category. Conclusion: This study found correlations between specific food rules, the rural population, and weight categories. Rural families have less family food rules than nonrural families, and childhood obesity was more highly associated with the rural population. Specific rules were associated with higher child weight, but it is unknown when these rules were put into place in the home environment. Research in rural areas is just as important as research in non-rural areas if improving the health of children is the
Evaluation of Farm-made and Commercial Tilapia Diets for Small-scale Hapa Production of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) in Ghana

Aims: To evaluate a farm-made and commercial tilapia diets for small-scale production of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ), the most cultured fish in Ghana. Study Design: Completely randomized design. Methodology: A 30% crude protein (CP) farm-made diet, ARDECFEED was formulated and prepared using locally available ingredients. The two most commonly used commercial fish diets (RAANAN, 30% CP and COPPENS, 34% CP) by small-scale fish farmers were also selected for the study. The feeding trial was conducted in net hapas of dimension 5.0 × 2.0 × 1.2 m installed in a 0.2 hectare earthen pond. O. niloticus with an initial mean weight of 22.8 ± 2.1 g were stocked at a density of 2 fish m -2 and fed at 4 to 3% body weight three times a day including weekends for 140 days. At the end of the period, growth performance, feed utilization and cost-effectiveness of each dietary treatment were determined. Results: The final mean weights of O. niloticus for the various dietary treatments were 140.3 ± 23.4, 187.6 ± 42.1 and 148.3 ± 25.4 g for ARDECFEED, RAANAN and COPPENS respectively. That of RAANAN was significantly higher ( P = .03) than those fed with the other diets. There was no significant difference ( P = .67) in specific growth rate among dietary treatments. The highest survival (100.0%) was observed in fish fed with RAANAN whilst the least (86.67%) occurred in those fed with COPPENS. However, there were no significant differences among dietary treatments. In terms of cost effectiveness, the farm-made diet was more profitable than the commercial ones, with COPPENS being the least profitable. Conclusion: The farm-made diet, ARDECFEED has the best prospects based on growth performance, nutrient utilization and economic returns.
Home Range and Habitat Affinity of the Singing Vole on the North Slope of Alaska

ABSTRACT A species' use of space provides insight into fundamental resource requirements and population dynamics. Here we investigate how microhabitat features and intraspecific interaction contribute to space use by the singing vole (Microtus miurus) on arctic tundra. We used mark-recapture of singing voles to estimate home range using a kernel density estimator. To assess intraspecific interactions, regions within home ranges were classified as “exclusive” or “shared” based on overlap among individuals. The spatial distribution of singing vole encounters was analyzed in conjunction with multivariate hierarchical cluster analysis of vegetation cover to assess microhabitat affinity. “Shared” regions within home ranges were used more than expected based on proportional availability. We observed significant affinities for microhabitats at both the scale of individual home ranges and of the singing vole population. Our results suggest that heterogeneity in microhabitat features and social interactions are important factors in structuring singing vole space use. These results have implications for the impact of singing vole activity on tundra plant communities and for the resilience of the singing vole and other arctic microtine rodents to stochastic climatic conditions.