Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
of Long-term risk of cardiovascular disease among type 2 diabetic patients with asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis

Objective: To investigate whether asymptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Chinese with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 2,144 Hong Kong Chinese with type 2 diabetes and without history of stroke or atrial fibrillation were recruited in 1994–1996 and followed up for a median of 14.51 years. Participants were assessed at baseline for MCA stenosis using transcranial Doppler. We performed survival analysis to assess the association between asymptomatic MCA stenosis and first CVD event, defined as ischemic stroke, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or cardiovascular death. Results: Of the 2,144 subjects, MCA stenosis at baseline was detected in 264 (12.3%). Rates of stroke, ACS and cardiovascular death per 100 were, respectively, 2.24, 2.92 and 1.11 among participants with stenosis, higher than among those without stenosis. Ten-year cumulative occurrence of stroke, ACS and cardiovascular death in subjects with MCA stenosis was 20%, 24% and 10%, respectively, higher than the corresponding values for subjects without stenosis(all P , 0.001). After adjusting for covariates, MCA stenosis was found to be an independent predictor of stroke [hazard ratio (HR) 1.40, 95%CI 1.05–1.86; Asymptomatic MCA stenosis is a risk factor for CVD in Chinese with type 2 diabetes, and detection of asymptomatic MCA stenosis by transcranial Doppler can identify diabetic individuals at high risk of future CVD. This is particularly important for diabetic individuals in Asia, where intracranial atherosclerosis is common.
Response of OH airglow emissions to the mesospheric gravity waves and its 1 comparisons with full wave model simulation at a low latitude Indian station

: 14 The quasi-monochromatic gravity wave induced oscillations, monitored using the mesospheric 15 OH airglow emission over Kolhapur (16.8°N and 74.2°E), India during January to April 2010 16 and January to December 2011, have been characterized using the Krassovsky method. The 17 nocturnal variability reveals prominent wave signatures with periods ranging from 5.2-10.8 hr as 18 the dominant nocturnal wave with embedded short period waves having wave periods 1.5-4.4 hr. 19 The results show that the magnitude of the Krassovsky parameter, viz., |η| ranged from 2.1 to 20 10.2 for principal or long nocturnal waves (5.2 to10.8 hr observed periods), and, from 1.5 to 5.4 21 for the short waves (1.5 to 4.4 hr observed periods) during the years of 2010 and 2011, 22 respectively. The phase, i.e., Ф values of the Krassovsky parameters exhibited larger variability 23 and varied from −8.1° to −167°. The deduced mean vertical wavelengths are found to be 24 approximately −60.2 ± 20 km and – 42.8 ± 35 km for long and short wave periods for the year 25 2010. Similarly, for 2011 the mean vertical wavelengths are found to be approximately −77.6 ± 26 30 km and – 59.2 ± 30 km for long and short wave periods, respectively, indicating that the 27 observations over Kolhapur were dominated by upward propagating waves. We use a full wave 28 model to simulate the response of OH emission to the wave motion and compare the results with 29 observed values. In the present report, we discuss the observed wave characteristics and cause of 30 the noted differences. studied mesospheric gravity wave activity in the
Qualitative Comparison of Geocoding Systems using OpenStreetMap Data

— OpenStreetMap is a platform where users contribute geographic data. To serve multiple use cases, these data are held in a very generic format. This makes processing and indexing OpenStreetMap data a challenge. Nominatim is an open source geocoding system that consumes OpenStreetMap data. Nominatim processes OpenStreetMap data well. It relies on predeﬁned address schemes to determine the meaning of various address elements and to discover relevant results. Nominatim ranks results by a global precomputed score. Elasticsearch is a web service on top of Lucene – a general purpose document store. Lucene searches for documents and ranks results according to a term frequency – inversed document frequency scoring scheme. In this article, Nominatim is compared to two systems populated with exactly the same data: An out-of-the-box instance of Elasticsearch, and a specialized system that builds on top of Elasticsearch, but implements a custom algorithm to aggregate house numbers on every street segment, thereby vastly reducing the index size. The three geocoding systems are throughly benchmarked with three different data sets and geocoding queries of increasing complexity. The analysis shows: Term frequency – inversed document frequency based ranking yields more accurate results, and is more robust removing the need for predeﬁned address schemes. Also, the reduced index size of the specialized system comes at a cost, which, depending on the application scenario, may be a viable option.
Determine the most powerful predictor of the body image and its association with gender and body mass index in adolescent at school age in Ahvaz, South of Iran

Introduction: The body image focuses on how to understand, think, feel, body and appearance of the body. At the age of school and adolescence, girls and boys experience different situations, so this can affect their mental image. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the most powerful predictor of the body image and its association with gender and body mass index in adolescent at school age in Ahvaz. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic epidemiologic study that examines body image in 458 high school girls and boys and its correlation with body mass index in Ahvaz city in 2018. Sampling was done by random cluster method. The data gathering tool was a demographic questionnaire , anthropometric information check list and self-body multi-dimensional relationship questionnaire to examine the mental image of the body. Data were collected using SPSS software version 17 and descriptive statistical tests and analytical at a significant level of 95%. Results: The results of this study showed that the mean weight and grade point average were significantly higher in female sex. Three dimensions of mental image had a significant correlation with BMI, but overall, the mental image did not have a significant correlation with BMI. It was also the strongest predictor of the student's image, so that there was an inverse and significant relationship between the level of education and the score of mental image. Conclusion: The results indicated. there was no difference in body satisfaction in female and male subjects and BMI, and also there was a significant and inverse relationship between education level and mental image score.
Allogeneic NK Cells Determinants of Antileukemia Effects of

In HLA-nonidentical bone marrow transplantation, we studied the characteristics of donor NK cells, recipient leukemia cells, and the cytokine environment that predict the antileukemia effects of allogeneic NK cells. We found that the risk of relapse in pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies was best predicted by a model taking into consideration the presence of inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) on the donor’s NK cells and the absence of corresponding KIR ligand in the recipient’s HLA repertoire (a receptor-ligand model). The risk of relapse was prognosticated less precisely by the Perugia donor-recipient KIR ligand-ligand mismatch model or by a natural cytotoxicity model. In contrast to the ligand-ligand model, we found that the new receptor-ligand model was accurate when analysis was applied to patients with lymphoid malignancy. These ﬁndings corroborate our observations that the recipient’s KIR repertoire, which was derived from highly puriﬁed, HLA-disparate CD34 (cid:1) cells, resumed a donor-speciﬁc pattern within 3 mo of transplantation, but did not correlate evidently with the donor or recipient ligand repertoire. In an in vitro assay and an in vivo mouse model, human NK cell cytotoxicity toward human leukemia cells with 11q23 chromosomal rearrangement increased with the number of receptor-ligand mismatch pairs or prestimulation with IL-12 and IL-18. These ﬁndings provide new insights into the determinants of antileukemia effects of allogeneic NK cells and therapeutic strategies. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 644–650.
GENETIC VARIATIONS OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS IN PAKISTAN

: Objective : To determine the role of variants in BRCA1 gene in breast cancer development, women of Pakistani origin, diagnosed with breast cancer, were screened for variants in the BRCA1. Methods: The present study involved screening of 5000 women for breast cancer. 302 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Using Sanger sequencing, DNA extracted from peripheral blood of 100 patients was screened for disease causing variants in the BRCA1. Results: Analysis of sequenced data revealed two frame shift (Gly312Trpfs*8, Ala322Glyfs*4), six missense (p.Glu362Lys, p.Lys651Arg, p.Asp693Asn, p.Pro871Leu, p.Glu1134Lys, p.Lys1183Arg), four synonymous (p.Thr327Thr, p.Ser694Ser, p.His771His, p.Gln1135Gln), and two intronic variants (g.75407T>C, g.75401_75401delT) in the patients. Conclusion: The present investigation showed that variations in BRCA1 made substantial contribution in causing hereditary/early-onset breast cancer in Pakistani women.
Sperm Biology: Towards Understanding Global Issue of Male Infertility

With a steadily increasing world population, infertility and sub fertility have been distressed a significant proportion of humanity. The emotional impact of infertility has been described via several clinical observations. Up to half of all infertile couples, male infertility plays a critical role, and in some cases, the causes of infertility remain unknown. Recent progress towards understanding male infertility has been demonstrated that quality and quantity of spermatozoa are one of the leading causes of infertility. Since sperm’s ability to fertilize an oocyte is largelya molecular biochemical event; in-depth understanding of sperm biology could provide useful guidelines for clinicians and researchers to sustain patient’s hope. In this review, we discussed some basic events in spermatozoa that confer its ability for fertilization, which need to be understood in order to answer the global issue of male infertility.
Wing area optimization for box wing aircraft

The optimization of the wing area of a medium range box wing aircraft was carried out in this study using a multidisciplinary conceptual design/optimization approach based on gradient search algorithm and regression analysis. The methodology was also applied to a similar sized conventional cantilever wing aircraft and the result generated an optimal wing area similar to the real wing area of the cantilever aircraft considered, thereby validating the methodology.
Morrissey, Oliver (2015) Aid and domestic resource mobilisation with a focus on sub-Saharan Africa. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 31 (3-4). pp. 447-461.

Increasing tax revenues in low income countries is essential to address future development finance requirements. This is particularly important for aid recipients, the focus of this paper. Theory shows that although there are many ways in which aid can have indirect effects on tax revenue, the direct effects arise because aid and tax are alternative sources of revenue and political economy factors influence the choices made by government. Aid may discourage tax effort if viewed as a politically less costly source of revenue. Under different conditions, the policies and reforms associated with aid may increase revenue, through promoting growth, encouraging more efficient tax structures or supporting reforms to tax administration. While cross-country evidence reveals no systematic pattern, country studies show that aid can be associated with administrative and efficiency reforms to increase tax revenue. The conclusion discusses how aid and donors can promote increasing domestic tax revenue.
EVALUATION OF EXISTING T-Z MODELS FOR CALICHE BASED ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF BI-DIRECTIONAL LOAD TESTS USING NVSHAFT

The difficulty in material characterization and the erratic response of cemented soil layers, such as caliche in the Las Vegas valley, creates challenges for practicing engineers to reliably predict the response of deep foundations. The focus of this paper is the numerical prediction of axial response in drilled shaft foundations, which are commonly used in infrastructure projects (i.e., bridges and tall buildings) in Las Vegas, NV. The prevalence of hard caliche layers with variation in the degree of cementation add to the complication in numerical modeling. In this study, the applicability of two existing t-z models, developed for Florida limestone and soft rock, was evaluated based on numerical simulations of three bi-directional load tests conducted at caliche-dominant sites. The corresponding top-down load tests were also simulated for further assessment. A MATLAB-based finite-difference program, NVShaft, has been used to implement the mentioned t-z models in axial load analysis. Complexity originating from drilled shaft construction and the interaction with caliche during one axial load test resulted in a stiffer predicted response compared to measure data. For the other two load tests, both t-z models produced comparable load-displacement responses. It was observed that the t-z model for Florida limestone predicted relatively stiffer responses and higher drilled shaft capacity.
Molecular characterization and phylogeny of Shiga toxin e producing Escherichia coli isolates obtained from two Dutch regions using whole genome sequencing Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Shiga toxin e producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is one of the major causes of human gastrointestinal disease and has been implicated in sporadic cases and outbreaks of diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uremic syndrome worldwide. In this study, we determined the molecular characteristics and phylogenetic relationship of STEC isolates, and their genetic diversity was compared to that of other E. coli populations. Whole genome sequencing was performed on 132 clinical STEC isolates obtained from the faeces of 129 Dutch patients with gastrointestinal complaints. STEC isolates of this study belonged to 44 different sequence types (STs), 42 serogenotypes and 14 stx subtype combinations. Antibiotic resis- tance genes were more frequently present in stx 1-positive isolates compared to stx 2 and stx 1 þ stx 2 e positive isolates. The iha, mchB, mchC, mchF, subA, ireA, senB, saa and sigA genes were signi ﬁ cantly more frequently present in eae -negative than in eae -positive STEC isolates. Presence of virulence genes encoding type III secretion proteins and adhesins was associated with isolates obtained from patients with bloody diarrhoea. Core genome phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates clustered according to their ST or serogenotypes irrespective of stx subtypes. Isolates obtained from patients with bloody diarrhoea were from diverse phylogenetic backgrounds. Some STEC isolates shared common ancestors with non-STEC isolates. Whole genome sequencing is a powerful tool for clinical microbiology, allowing high-resolution molecular typing, population structure analysis and detailed molecular characterization of strains. STEC isolates of a substantial genetic diversity and of distinct phylogenetic groups were observed in this study. M. Ferdous, CMI 2016;22:642.e1 e 642.e9 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://
Background Arelationship between the serotonin transporter gene, adverse events and onsetofmajordepressionhas

Declaration of interest None. Fundingdetailed in Acknowledgements. Serotonergic (5-HT) neurotransmission contributes to many physiological functions, including appetite, sleep, aspects of cognition and the expression of depression and anxiety. The 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) is central to the regulation of brain and peripheral serotonergic neurotransmission. A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), known as 5-HTTLPR, has been associated with depression and with risk factors for depression (e.g. neuroticism), with the short ‘s’ allele reducing the transcriptional efficiency of the serotonin promoter and leading to decreased 5-HTT expression (Lesch et al, 1996). Although a recent meta-analysis did not support a direct relationship between the 5-HTTLPR and depression onset (Anguelova et al, 2003), the ‘s’ allele was thought to increase vulnerability to adverse life events. A longitudinal cohort study (Caspi et al, 2003) which tested this gene6environment interaction hypothesis reported that participants with the s/s genotype were more likely than those with the s/l or l/l genotypes to experience DSM major depression in the presence of increasing numbers of adverse life events. We sought to replicate a gene6 environment interaction in a cohort with individualised longitudinal data for life events and onset of major depression. We also examined data for a broad range of experience of depression and putative risk factors for depression, including parental bonding and neuroticism.
Neutrophil NADPH Oxidase Activity Toxins Inhibit Human Bacillus anthracis

Bacillus anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax, is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium. B. anthracis virulence is ascribed mainly to a secreted tripartite AB-type toxin composed of three proteins designated protective Ag (PA), lethal factor, and edema factor. PA assembles with the enzymatic portions of the toxin, the metalloprotease lethal factor, and/or the adenylate cyclase edema factor, to generate lethal toxin (LTx) and edema toxin (ETx), respectively. These toxins enter cells through the interaction of PA with speciﬁc cell surface receptors. The anthrax toxins act to suppress innate immune responses and, given the importance of human neutrophils in innate immunity, they are likely relevant targets of the anthrax toxin. We have investigated in detail the effects of B. anthracis toxin on superoxide production by primary human neutrophils. Both LTx and ETx exhibit distinct inhibitory effects on fMLP (and C5a) receptor-mediated superoxide production, but have no effect on PMA nonreceptor-dependent superoxide production. These inhibitory effects cannot be accounted for by induction of neutrophil death, or by changes in stimulatory receptor levels. Analysis of NADPH oxidase regulation using whole cell and cell-free systems suggests that the toxins do not exert direct effects on NADPH oxidase components, but rather act via their respective effects, inhibition of MAPK signaling (LTx), and elevation of intracellular cAMP (ETx), to inhibit upstream signaling components mediating NADPH oxidase assembly and/or activation. Our results demonstrate that anthrax toxins effectively suppress human neutrophil-mediated innate immunity by inhibiting their ability to generate superoxide for bacterial killing. The Journal of Immunology, 2006, 176: 7557–7565.
Serum Cortisoland 11-Deoxycortisolby LiquidChromatography: ClinicalStudiesand Comparisonwith Radioimmunoassay

We describe a liquid-chromatographic procedure for separating and measuring cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol in serum. We quantitated these steroids in patients who were undergoing various tests of pituitary and (or) adrenal function and compared the results with those obtained by two radioimmunoassays done in two different laboratories. Results of 48 tests done in 37 functionally normal humans are presented. Cortisol values for sera collected in the morning as determined by liquid chromatography were values for 11-deoxycortisol were the same by both in general without further study of each system, they suggest that LC is a more accurate method than RIA in various clinical situations.
Quantum criticality with dynamical mean-field theory

Quantum phase transitions in strongly correlated electron materials are one of the most intriguing phenomena in condensed matter physics. In fact, the rich phase-diagrams of these systems usually allow for the presence of several quantum phase transitions. At the same time, a comprehensive theoretical description of the quantum critical properties of correlated electrons has been not fully developed yet. For one of the most fundamental model in solid state physics, the 3D Hubbard model, quantum critical behaviour appears to violate the conventional Hertz-MillisMoriya theory. This unexpected finding has been ascribed to the presence of specific features on the Fermi surface (FS), such as Kohn points and/or lines. In this is the case, the correct description of 3D correlated metal should be already accessible by means of Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT) calculations. DMFT, in fact, preserves the information about the FS geometry and correctly captures temporal fluctuations, crucial for the description of quantum criticality. The main aim of this work is to test the hypothesis that DMFT treatment is sufficient to describe the quantum critical behaviour of 3D correlated metals, without resorting to more advanced (and much heavier! ) quantum many-body schemes. Our DMFT results for the hole-doped 3D-Hubbard model have allowed to determine the location of the quantum-critical point of the magnetic transition and to highlight promising trends for the associated quantum critical exponents.
RF–Chain Selection for Energy and Spectral Efﬁciency Maximisation in Hybrid Beamforming under Hardware Imperfections

The next generation wireless communications requires reduced energy consumption, increased data rates and better signal coverage. The millimetre wave frequency spectrum above 30 GHz can help fulﬁl the performance requirements of the next generation mobile broadband systems. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can provide performance gains to help mitigate the increased path loss experienced at mmWave frequencies compared to microwave bands. Emerging hybrid beamforming architectures can reduce the energy consumption and hardware complexity with the use of fewer Radio-Frequency (RF) chains. Energy efﬁciency is identiﬁed as a key ﬁfth generation (5G) metric and will have a major impact on the hybrid beamforming system design. In terms of transceiver power consumption, deactivating parts of the beamformer structure to reduce power typically leads to signiﬁcant loss of spectral efﬁciency. Our aim is to achieve the highest energy efﬁciency for the millimetre-wave communications system while mitigating the resulting loss in spectral efﬁciency. To achieve this, we propose an optimal selection framework which activates speciﬁc RF chains that amplify the digitally beamformed signals with the analogue beamforming network. Practical precoding is considered by including the effects of user interference noise, and hardware impairments in the system modelling.