Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of Next-Generation Sequencing to Support the Diagnosis of Familial Interstitial Pneumonia

Familial interstitial pneumonia (FIP) is defined as idiopathic interstitial lung disease (ILD) in two or more relatives. Genetic studies on familial ILD discovered variants in several genes or associations with genetic polymorphisms. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features of patients with suspected FIP and to analyze the genetic variants detected through next-generation sequencing (NGS) genetic testing. A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients followed in an ILD outpatient clinic who had ILD and a family history of ILD in at least one first- or second-degree relative and who underwent NGS between 2017 and 2021. Only patients with at least one genetic variant were included. Genetic testing was performed on 20 patients; of these, 13 patients had a variant in at least one gene with a known association with familial ILD. Variants in genes implicated in telomere and surfactant homeostasis and MUC5B variants were detected. Most variants were classified with uncertain clinical significance. Probable usual interstitial pneumonia radiological and histological patterns were the most frequently identified. The most prevalent phenotype was idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonologists should be aware of familial forms of ILD and genetic diagnosis.
On cyclic vectors of the backward shift

The forward shift operator U ( that is, multiplication by the independent variable) on the space H of the unit circle has been much studied. In particular it is known that a vector ƒ is cyclic (that is, spans H) if and only if it is an outer function; that every invariant subspace is cyclic; and that two vectors generate the same invariant subspace if and only if they have the same inner factor (see [l , Chapter 5]). Much less is known about the adjoint operator U* (the backward shift). The only published result seems to be in [2] where it is shown as a by-product of another investigation that a transcendental entire function is a cyclic vector for U*. The problem of describing the cyclic vectors for U* was also posed by D. E. Sarason at the Conference on Analytic Functions, held in Lexington, Kentucky, in May 1965. Both Helson and Sarason have a number of unpublished results on this problem ; in particular several of the following theorems were known to them. In this note we indicate some of the results that we have obtained ; full details will appear elsewhere. Let C denote the set of functions in H of the unit circle that are cyclic vectors of U* ; let N denote the set of noncyclic vectors.
The Role of Communication in the Quality of Relationships for Biological Children in Adoptive Families

Recent literature reveals the multifaceted experiences of the biologically related children of parents in adoptive families, or adoptive siblings. Adoptive siblings report a range of positive and negative experiences related to adoption. Some adoptive siblings describe their families as fractured or broken after adoption while others describe adoption as bringing their families closer together. Because of the range of experiences expressed, the current study examines specific factors to determine what is related to or affects adoptive sibling’s view of their family relationships. Results of this study revealed that no specific family factors were significantly related to adoptive sibling’s views; however, adoptive siblings who reported being in families that talked openly and honestly about their thoughts and feelings reported increased family connection and satisfaction and increased sibling closeness with their adopted sibling. These findings elicit further understanding of the adoptive sibling experience and include clinical implications for supporting adoptive families post-adoption.
Core-Pedestal Plasma Configurations in Advanced Tokamaks

Abstract Several configurations for the core and pedestal plasma are examined for a predefined tokamak design by implementing multiple heating/current drive (H/CD) sources to achieve an optimum configuration of high fusion power in a noninductive operation while maintaining an ideally magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stable core plasma using the IPS-FASTRAN framework. IPS-FASTRAN is a component-based lightweight coupled simulation framework that is used to simulate magnetically confined plasma by integrating a set of high-fidelity codes to construct the plasma equilibrium (EFIT, TOQ, and CHEASE), calculate the turbulent heat and particle transport fluxes (TGLF), model various H/CD systems (TORIC, TORAY, GENRAY, and NUBEAM), model the pedestal pressure and width (EPED), and estimate the ideal MHD stability (DCON). The TGLF core transport model and EPED pedestal model are used to self-consistently predict plasma profiles consistent with ideal MHD stability and H/CD (and bootstrap) current sources. In order to evaluate the achievable and sustainable plasma beta, varying configurations are produced ranging from the no-wall stability to with-wall stability regimes, simultaneously subject to the self-consistent TGLF, EPED, and H/CD source profile predictions that optimize configuration performance. The pedestal density, plasma current, and total injected power are scanned to explore their impact on the target plasma configuration, fusion power, and confinement quality. A set of fully noninductive scenarios are achieved by employing ion-cyclotron, neutral beam injection, helicon, and lower-hybrid H/CDs to provide a broad profile for the total current drive in the core region for a predefined tokamak design. These noninductive scenarios are characterized by high fusion gain (Q ~ 4) and power (Pfus ~ 600 MW), optimum confinement quality (H98 ~ 1.1), and high bootstrap current fraction (fBS ~ 0.7) for Greenwald fraction below unity. The broad current profile configurations identified are stable to low-n kink modes either because the normalized pressure β is below the no-wall limit or a wall is present.
Prevalence of Second Root and Root Canal in Mandibular and Maxillary Premolars Based on Two Classification Systems in Sub-Population of Northern Region (Saudi Arabia) Assessed Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT): A Retrospective Study

The objective of this paper is to assess the prevalence of a second canal in maxillary and mandibular premolars based on two classification systems of root canal morphology using Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. A total of 286 CBCT scans from the archive of the Radiology department of a hospital were assessed for the presence of a second canal in maxillary and mandibular premolars. The canal configuration and its assessment was undertaken using Vertucci and Ahmed’s classification. A Chi-square test was used to test the significance of the difference between gender and age. A total of 286 premolars were examined (217 mandibular premolars and 69 maxillary premolars); of these, 173 teeth (60.5%) were from males and 113 were from females (39.5%). Some 62% of maxillary left first premolars had two roots, followed by maxillary right first premolars (47%), and then maxillary left second premolars (30%) and maxillary right ones (27%), respectively. Type IV Vertucci were seen in maxillary premolars, while type I were ordinarily seen in the included mandibular premolars. Surprisingly, Vertucci type III was only found in mandibular left first premolars at a frequency of 2%. One orifice with two separate canals and two orifices of two distinct canals with two portals of exit were predominantly noticed with maxillary first premolars (2 FP B1 P1) in 73% and 81%, respectively, followed by (1 FP 2) 19%. The prevalence of a second canal in maxillary and mandibular premolars was low in the investigated premolars in comparison to the premolars that had just one root and canal, as assessed based on Vertucci and Ahmed’s root canal system classification.
Novel Mutations Associated with N-Gene Target Failure in SARS-COV-2 Genome in Iran, Case Series

Precision tracking and monitoring viral genome mutations are critical during a viral pandemic such as COVID-19. As molecular assays for diagnosing numerous infectious agents are being developed, RT-PCR is still deployed as the gold standard for detecting SARS-CoV-2. Despite its proofreading capability, SARS-CoV-2, like other RNA viruses, adopts several changes in its genome. If these mutations, especially deletions, occur in the target areas of primers and probes, they will hinder molecular detection methods from identifying the given gene. The authors describe the cases in which, despite the lack of the N gene detection, the ORF1ab gene was discovered with a relatively low cycle of threshold (Ct). Following sequencing, changes were discovered in the annealing region of the forward and reverse primers and probes used in the SARS-CoV-2 detection kit. Among the most significant mutations is a large deletion of 15 nucleotides in the N gene, which has never been seen in prior variants. This highlights the importance of persistent monitoring of hypervariable regions in the SARS-CoV-2 genome through sequencing and updating the molecular detection kits during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Use of Cluster Analysis by Partitioning around Medoids (PAM) to Examine the Heterogeneity of Patients with Low Back Pain within Subgroups of the Treatment Based Classification System

Background: Current evidence in low back pain (LBP) focuses on population averages and traditional multivariate analyses to find the significant difference between variables. Such a focus actively obscured the heterogeneity and increased errors. Cluster analysis (CA) addresses the mentioned shortcomings by calculating the degree of similarity among the relevant variables of the different objects. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the agreement between the treatment-based classification (TBC) system and the equivalent 3 cluster typology created by partitioning around medoids (PAM) analysis. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a convenient sample of 90 patients with low back pain (50 males and 40 females) aged 20 to 65 years was included in the study. The patients were selected based on the 21 criteria of 2007 TBC system. An equivalent 3 cluster typology (C3) was applied using PAM method. Cohen’s Kappa was run to determine if there was agreement between the TBC system and the equivalent C3 typology. Results: PAM analysis revealed the evidence of clustering for a C3 cluster typology with average Silhouette widths of 0.12. Cohen’s Kappa revealed fair agreement between the TBC system and C3 cluster typology (Percent of agreement 61%, Kappa=0.36, P<0.001). Selected criteria by PAM analysis were different with original TBC system. Conclusion: Higher probability of chance agreement was observed between two classification methods. Significant inhomogeneity was observed in subgroups of the 2007 TBC system.
Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities

Abstract Messenger RNA (mRNA) holds great potential in developing immunotherapy, protein replacement, and genome editing. In general, mRNA does not have the risk of being incorporated into the host genome and does not need to enter the nucleus for transfection, and it can be expressed even in nondividing cells. Therefore, mRNA‐based therapeutics provide a promising strategy for clinical treatment. However, the efficient and safe delivery of mRNA remains a crucial constraint for the clinical application of mRNA therapeutics. Although the stability and tolerability of mRNA can be enhanced by directly retouching the mRNA structure, there is still an urgent need to improve the delivery of mRNA. Recently, significant progress has been made in nanobiotechnology, providing tools for developing mRNA nanocarriers. Nano‐drug delivery system is directly used for loading, protecting, and releasing mRNA in the biological microenvironment and can be used to stimulate the translation of mRNA to develop effective intervention strategies. In the present review, we summarized the concept of emerging nanomaterials for mRNA delivery and the latest progress in enhancing the function of mRNA, primarily focusing on the role of exosomes in mRNA delivery. Moreover, we outlined its clinical applications so far. Finally, the key obstacles of mRNA nanocarriers are emphasized, and promising strategies to overcome these obstacles are proposed. Collectively, nano‐design materials exert functions for specific mRNA applications, provide new perception for next‐generation nanomaterials, and thus revolution of mRNA technology.
Acute Relaxation Response Induced by Tibetan Singing Bowl Sounds: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The prevalence of anxiety has increased dramatically due to COVID-19, so effective preventive interventions are welcome. The main objective of our study was to compare the acute relaxation response (RR) induced by Tibetan singing bowl (TSB) sound-based treatment against progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and a control waiting list group (CWL) in a single treatment session in an adult nonclinical anxious population. In this cross-sectional randomized control trial, 50 participants selected based on high state anxiety were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups. Pre/post self-reported anxiety, electroencephalographic activity (EEG), and heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded at baseline (T1), minute 15 (T2), minute 30 (T3), and minute 45 (T4). The TSB group showed significant reductions in alpha power (from T2 to T4) and increased HRV (from T3 to T4) compared with the PMR and CWL groups. Moreover, TSB and PMR both showed significant reductions in self-reported anxiety compared with CWL, with this effect being more evident in the TSB group. We concluded that a single session of TSB treatment was able to induce a more evident psychological/physiological relaxation response compared with PMR and CWL. TSB could be a relevant acute intervention in stressful situations or crisis intervention and while waiting for conventional interventions.
In Vitro Effectiveness of Soft Contact Lens Solutions Available on the Dutch Market against Acanthamoeba Species

Acanthamoeba keratitis is almost universally associated with contact lens (CL) use. Until today, however, CL solution manufacturing protocols lack testing of anti-amoebic activity. This study investigates the effectiveness of CL solutions available on the Dutch market against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Sixteen CL solutions were tested: 13 multiple purpose solutions (MPS), 2 hydrogen peroxidase solutions (HPS) and 1 povidone-iodine-based solution (PIS). The Spearman–Karber (SK) log reduction method and an XTT colorimetric assay were used to evaluate the effectiveness at the manufacturer’s minimum recommended disinfection time (MMRDT) and after eight hours. At the MMRDT, one MPS showed an SK mean log reduction (MLR) of >3.0 against A. castellanii trophozoites. Two additional MPS and both HPS reached this threshold after eight hours. The SK MLR values for A. polyphaga trophozoites were between 1 and 3 at all time points. Using the XTT colorimetric assay, only HPS 1 showed >99.9% reduction (equivalent to 3 log reduction) in metabolic activity of A. castellanii trophozoites after eight hours. For A. polyphaga, both HPS and PIS showed a metabolic reduction of >99.9% after eight hours. Cysts were resistant against all solutions. We conclude that following the manufacturer’s guidelines, few solutions provide sufficient effectiveness against Acanthamoeba trophozoites and none against cysts. The results underline the importance of adequate hygiene when handling CLs.
Beach Forest Communities of San Agustin, Romblon with Notes on Coastal Threats

The coastal plains of the Philippines were among the first sites opened for human settlement. However, the sprouting of communities has displaced beach forests and mangrove swamps. The growing intensity and frequency of weather disturbances brought by changing global climate highlight beach forests' critical role as bio-shields for vulnerable coastal communities. Unfortunately, beach forests continue to disappear due mainly to conversion into human settlements and wanton harvesting for fuel wood and medicinal plant parts. Currently, no study has been conducted on the beach forest communities in San Agustin, Romblon; thus, this study was conceptualized. A survey was conducted in all barangays of San Agustin, and species identification was made. A total of 38 species of beach forest plants belonging to 21 families were identified. The municipality of San Agustin has a species richness of 3.99, Shannon diversity index of 2.53, Simpson dominance index of 8.73, and Evenness index of 0.70. Cabolutan had the highest species richness among the barangays, while Binonga-an had the highest diversity and dominance index. The relatively high abundance of Cocos nucifera denotes that these areas were subjected to anthropogenic activities. Erosion, garbage, seawall, road widening, and infrastructure developments for beach resorts and summer houses were the five major coastal threats recorded in the beach forest areas around San Agustin, Romblon. These data can serve as a reference for different conservation activities to protect and enhance the current status of the beach forest of San Agustin, Romblon.
Assessment of knowledge of ASHA workers regarding MCH services and practices followed by mothers – A field study

Background: Accredited social health activist (ASHA) workers act as a “bridge” between rural people and health service outlets and play a central role in achieving national health and population policy goals. According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) V (2019–2021) data, infant mortality rate (IMR) is still high in rural areas (32.4 per 1000 live births) in Punjab, compared to urban areas (20.1). Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is also high (129 per lakh), according to sample registration system (SRS) 2016–2018 data. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at RHTC, Bhadson, we assessed the knowledge of ASHA workers regarding maternal and child health (MCH) services and their provision by them to their beneficiaries (mothers with children aged 0–6 months). Out of the total 196 ASHA workers, 72 were selected randomly to assess their knowledge, while 100 beneficiary mothers were interviewed face to face to assess the services provided by the ASHA workers. Results: Almost 65.2% of ASHA workers were above 35 years of age. Majority of the ASHA workers (40/72) replied that average weight gain in pregnancy is 10 kg. Very few, that is, 17 (23.6%), ASHA workers knew that breastfeeding should be started within the first hour after delivery of the baby. Counseling regarding nutrition, birth preparedness, institutional delivery, and birth registration was given by ASHA workers to 75%–85% of mothers. There was statistically significant improvement in the practices by mothers with the counseling given by ASHA workers regarding pre-lacteal feed, utilization of family planning methods, and delaying early bathing. Conclusions: The study concludes that ASHA workers have good knowledge regarding various aspects of antenatal period, but when it comes to postnatal period and care of the newborn, there are some lacunae. These aspects of newborn care need to be reinforced into the refresher trainings of the ASHA workers.
Oscillator strengths for IR rovibrational transitions of CO

Abstract We have solved the nuclear Schrodinger radial equation to derive wavefunctions and rovibrational energy levels of the carbon monoxide molecule 12 C 16 O in its ground electronic state X 1 Σ + at a spectroscopic accuracy. We then calculated the dipole matrix elements for transitions involving vibrational quantum numbers up to v = 15 and rotational quantum numbers up to J = 200. Calculations were carried out for the fundamental (Δ v = 1) and the three first overtone (Δ v = 2, 3, 4) bands. For the transition matrix elements there is typically a 10% difference from previous results due to recent values of the dipole moment function. This gives a significant 20% difference for the absorption oscillator strengths which are computed for this set of 21 600 lines.
Actively Open-Minded Thinking and Its Measurement

Actively open-minded thinking (AOT) is measured by items that tap the willingness to consider alternative opinions, sensitivity to evidence contradictory to current beliefs, the willingness to postpone closure, and reflective thought. AOT scales are strong predictors of performance on heuristics and biases tasks and of the avoidance of reasoning traps such as superstitious thinking and belief in conspiracy theories. Nevertheless, AOT is most commonly measured with questionnaires rather than performance indicators. Questionnaire contamination becomes even more of a danger as the AOT concept is expanded into new areas such as the study of fake news, misinformation, ideology, and civic attitudes. We review our 25-year history of studying the AOT concept and developing our own AOT scale. We present a 13-item scale that both is brief and accommodates many previous criticisms and refinements. We include a discussion of why AOT scales are such good predictors of performance on heuristics and biases tasks. We conclude that it is because such scales tap important processes of cognitive decoupling and decontextualization that modernity increasingly requires. We conclude by discussing the paradox that although AOT scales are potent predictors of performance on most rational thinking tasks, they do not predict the avoidance of myside thinking, even though it is virtually the quintessence of the AOT concept.
Assessment of the effectiveness of ventilation for gas turbine generator set safety

Increasing global warming problems appeal to the employment of clean power generation machineries such as gas turbines. Gas turbine is gas-fired engine which is usually enclosed in an acoustic enclosure for higher reliability and lower operating noise. However, it may face the risk of fuel gas accumulation inside the package which can be extremely dangerous. For the safety of a gas turbine generator set, proper ventilation system is crucial to prevent it from danger by diluting the potential leaked gas. Inspired by the significance of ventilation, this paper aims to present and propose study for the assessment of the effectiveness of ventilation for gas turbine packages in worst-case gas leak. A 2 MW ZK2000 gas turbine was chosen for the study. Method of assessment was introduced and numerical studies by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) were adopted, including both transient and steady state analysis. Aiming to figure out the conditions for worst-case gas leak, the location of leak that may cause the most dangerous gas accumulation was obtained by identifying the poorly ventilated regions within the enclosure. After that, the leak rate was estimated that just to trigger the gas detector at the ventilation outlet according to ISO 21789. Worst-case gas leak simulations were performed in cold engine situation because of the possibility analysis of gas leak. The results at standard conditions show great compliance with the limited value in the code thus indicates that the capability of the current ventilation design. Effect of dilution was studied with various ambient temperatures and ventilation flow rates. One of the key findings is that the flow uniformity has the major impact on enhancing dilution of gas cloud. Structures improvements within enclosure and operation instructions were suggested for the safety of gas turbine unit in the event of gas leak.