Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of Serum Ferritin with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy and is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity. There are many serum markers known to be associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). High serum ferritin level has been associated with the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of serum ferritin levels with GDM. Materials and methods: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka, Bangladesh between February 2018 and January 2019. A total of 120 pregnant women between 18 and 35 years of age attending outdoor antenatal clinic in their second or third trimester of pregnancy were included in this study. Among them 60 diagnosed cases of GDM were consider as group A and rest 60 (Without GDM) were considered as group B. Serum ferritin concentration was measured in all of these patients. Statistical analysis of the results was obtained by using window based computer software devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-22). Results: The mean serum ferritin level was 124.1±14.7 ng/ml and 87.4±18.9 ng/ml in group A and group B respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. More than half (55.0%) patients had serum ferritin level >120 ng/ml in group A and 15(25.0%) in group B. Serum ferritin level >120 ng/ml had 3.67 (95.0% C.I. 1.58 to 8.60) times significantly (p<0.05) increase to developed gestational diabetes mellitus. There was a significant positive correlation between serum ferritin and fasting plasma glucose (r=0.445, p=0.001) in GDM patients. Similarly, a significant positive correlation between serum ferritin and 2-h after plasma glucose level following 75g oral glucose (r=0.427, p=0.001) in GDM patients. Conclusion: A significant positive association was found between GDM and maternal serum ferritin levels. JCMCTA 2022 ; 33 (1) : 154-159
SCHOOLOGY: AN ALTERNATIVE OF LEARNING APPLICATIONS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS 'WRITING SKILLS IN THE COVID 19

The research objective entitled "Schoology : an alternative of learning applications to improve students’ writing skills in the Covid 19” to is to determine the effect of Schoology online learning media on students' writing skills and to identify students' perceptions about the use of Schoology. The research method used a descriptive qualitative research. Technique in collecting the data were test, interview,questionnaire with research subject is 44 PGSD Students from Class of 2019. The content analysis method was used to analyze the data that was started from 1)data reduction, 2)data presentation, 3)drawing conclusion and verification. The results showed that 85.59% of students agreed that the use of Schoology improved their English language skills in general and 85.90% of students agreed it improved their writing skills. Perceptions of students using Schoology : 13.42% that Schoology is easy to use, 20.13% of students have an ordinary impression, 65.77% of students have the impression that is difficult to use. From their submitted task, there was improving of 40% of score and lessen writing error found.It is to be concluded that Schoology did improve writing skill because the language of instruction in Schoology was English with user friendly outlook hence force the students to study harder using and writing in English.
Analysis of the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen in a Tropical Bush-Fallow Chronosequence

The quantity of carbon (and nitrogen) that can be sequestered in soils is of particular interest to environmental scientists, ecologists, economists, and politicians amidst the changing climate, mainly driven by high levels of atmospheric carbondioxide. It seems logical, therefore, that bush fallows, which accounts for some of the largest land use in tropical environments, can maintain a reasonable store of carbon for long periods, thus the need to study and elucidate the soil nutrient status and interactions in such agro ecosystems. Soil samples were collected in 2010 (Y1) and 2011 (Y2) from six different parts of the country separated by distance of at least 60 km. Each site is characterized by a different combination of geographic features and cultural setting of the local people. A total of 540 soil samples was taken from bush fallows one to 10 years old (denoted as 1Y, 2Y, 3Y, 4Y, 5Y, 6Y, 7Y, 8Y, 9Y and 10Y, respectively), at depths of 0cm, 2cm, 10cm and 20cm. The Elementor Vario EL and TruSpec CN analyzers were used to analyze the carbon and nitrogen content of the soils, in Y1 and Y2 sampling respectively, in accordance with published procedures. The relationship between C and N was consistent at all sampling depths, with very strong correlation (r values >0.85) in all cases (Figure 2). The highest mean percentages at the 2cm depth in the Y1 samples was obtained from 5Y fallows for both C (5.35±3.15) and N (0.36±0.18), whist 9Y fallows accounted for the highest mean %C (5.48±0.94) and %N (0.44±0.02) in the Y2 samples. The largest, but negative change in %C occurred in fallow plots that were 5 6 years (mean =1.905±3.489), but reasonable increases also occurred on the 2 3 years (mean = 1.707±2.142) and 9 10 years (mean = 1.337±3.183) fallows, respectively (Figure 4). Mean %N change was highest for 2 3 years (0.140 ± 0.082) and 9 10 years (0.134 ± 0.197) fallows. The results from a one way ANOVA (Table 3) indicate a strong significant difference in overall mean %C between the study sites in the Y1 samples (F = 42.11; p <0.001) and a reasonable significant difference in the Y2 samples (F = 3.09; p < 0.05). In the case of %N, one way ANOVA show very strong significant difference between sites in both Y1 samples (F = 11.6; p < 0.001) and Y2 samples (F = 10.18; p < 0.001), respectively. The general deduction from the nature of the graphs in Figure 3, especially at the 2 cm depth, is that C increased with 5 to 6 years of fallowing and declined by 7 to 8 years of fallowing and increased again towards 10 years of fallowing. Further research should throw light on the effect of location characteristics and management regimes on C and N dynamics in fallow soils.
Vítor Constâncio: Financial regulatory reform and the economy

Four years after the eruption of the financial turmoil, which quickly turned into a full-blown financial crisis after the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008, the international banking and regulatory landscape is now being changed in ways that significantly impact the future of the financial sector and the economy. The speed of the propagation of the crisis from one country to another as well as from one sector to another posed exceptional challenges for banks, regulators and supervisors alike.
Analysing Mixed Initiatives and Search Strategies during Conversational Search

Information seeking conversations between users and Conversational Search Agents (CSAs) consist of multiple turns of interaction. While users initiate a search session, ideally a CSA should sometimes take the lead in the conversation by obtaining feedback from the user by offering query suggestions or asking for query clarifications i.e. mixed initiative. This creates the potential for more engaging conversational searches, but substantially increases the complexity of modelling and evaluating such scenarios due to the large interaction space coupled with the trade-offs between the costs and benefits of the different interactions. In this paper, we present a model for conversational search -- from which we instantiate different observed conversational search strategies, where the agent elicits: (i) Feedback-First, or (ii) Feedback-After. Using 49 TREC WebTrack Topics, we performed an analysis comparing how well these different strategies combine with different mixed initiative approaches: (i) Query Suggestions vs. (ii) Query Clarifications. Our analysis reveals that there is no superior or dominant combination, instead it shows that query clarifications are better when asked first, while query suggestions are better when asked after presenting results. We also show that the best strategy and approach depends on the trade-offs between the relative costs between querying and giving feedback, the performance of the initial query, the number of assessments per query, and the total amount of gain required. While this work highlights the complexities and challenges involved in analyzing CSAs, it provides the foundations for evaluating conversational strategies and conversational search agents in batch/offline settings.
Effects of nitrogen from different sources on mycelial biomass and polysaccharide production and pellet morphology in submerged cultures of Grifola frondosa

The effects of nitrogen in the medium on the production of mycelial biomass, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), and intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) was investigated in submerged cultures of Grifola frondosa. In addition, the effects on pellet morphology were examined. The maximum production levels of mycelial biomass (2.32 g/L), EPS (1.58 g/L), and IPS (29.1 mg/L) were obtained when the nitrogen sources in the medium were yeast extract, malt extract, and peptone, respectively. Using yeast extract as the nitrogen source yielded the maximum mycelial biomass, and morphological characterization revealed a composition of 47% large pellets (fraction L), 20% small pellets (fraction S), and 33% adhesive mycelia (fraction A). The maximum circularity value and the minimum roughness value of the pellets were observed using yeast extract cultures. Both the compactness (0.53) and circularity (0.15) of the pellets were the lowest among the seven types of nitrogen sources, but the roughness (2.86) was the highest in malt extract, which was the nitrogen source that resulted in maximum polysaccharide production. The results revealed that the production levels of mycelial biomass, EPS, and IPS of G. frondosa were associated with changes in pellet morphology due to the source of nitrogen in the medium.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND SURGICAL PROFILE OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY PATIENTS SUBJECTED TO NEUROLOGICAL SURGERIES

Objective: to investigate the sociodemographic and surgical profile of neuro-oncology patients subjected to neurological surgeries. Method: a descriptive and retrospective study with a quantitative approach, conducted during a five-year period (2014-2018) in a hospital with 236 beds, which is a reference in cancer treatment in the state of Pará. The data were collected from September to December 2019 and analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Results: the profile was characterized by the age group of 41 to 50 years old (30.8%; n=20) and by individuals with complete elementary school (44.6%; n=29). They were subjected to elective surgeries (87.7%; n=57), considered clean (95.4%; n=62), and large (96.9%; n=63). The main complications were surgical site infection (10.7%; n=8) and tumors located in the encephalus (60%; n=39). Conclusion: the paper contributed to delineate the profile of the population served by the hospital, enabling the expansion of debates aimed at improving hospital planning and at refining the quality of the health services and of the Nursing assistance. DESCRIPTORS: Nursing Care; Oncology Nursing: Neurological Surgery; Surgery; Epidemiological Profile. dx.doi. org/10.5380/ce.v26i0. 71826 Cogitare enferm. 2021, v26:e71826 1Universidade do Estado do Pará. Belém, PA, Brasil. PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO Y QUIRÚRGICO DE PACIENTES NEURO-ONCOLÓGICOS SOMETIDOS A CIRUGÍAS NEUROLÓGICAS RESUMEN: Objetivo: investigar el perfil sociodemográfico y quirúrgico de pacientes neuro-oncológicos sometidos a neurocirugías. Método: estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado en un hospital con 236 camas de referencia en cáncer en el estado de Pará durante un período de cinco años (2014-2018). Los datos se recolectaron entre septiembre y diciembre de 2019 y fueron analizados por medio de estadística descriptiva. Resultados: el perfil incluyó personas pertenecientes al grupo etario de 41 a 50 años (30,8%; n=20) y con enseñanza primaria completa (44,6%; n=29). Fueron sometidos a cirugías electivas (87,7%; n=57), consideradas limpias (95,4%; n=62) y de gran magnitud (96,9%; n=63). Las principales complicaciones que se hicieron presente fueron infección de la herida quirúrgica (10,7%; n=8) y tumores localizados en el encéfalo (60%; n=39). Conclusión: el trabajo contribuyó para delinear el perfil del público atendido por el hospital, viabilizando la ampliación de debates que tenga como objetivo mejorar la planificación hospitalaria y perfeccionar la calidad de los servicios de salud y de la asistencia de Enfermería. DESCRIPTORES: Atención de Enfermería; Enfermería Oncológica; Neurocirugía; Cirugía; Perfil Epidemiológico. Jamilly Nunes Moura1 Mary Elisabeth de Santana1 Ingrid Magali de Souza Pimentel1 Maria da Conceição Nascimento Freitas1 Jamil Michel Miranda do Vale1 Suelen Gaia Epifane1 Lucimário Valente Ferreira1 Cogitare enferm. 2021, v26:e71826
Learning to Compose Behavior Primitives for Near-Decomposable Manipulation Tasks

: An effective way for robots to tackle complex tasks is to leverage their 1 existing behavioral repertoires and apply them to new settings. Compositional 2 reasoning is a powerful means to achieve this goal, allowing a robot to pool to-3 gether existing primitive behaviors and compose them to solve a wide range of 4 tasks. Guided by this insight, we present a reinforcement learning framework in 5 which the agent is equipped with a pre-built library of manipulation primitives 6 that achieve simple yet versatile behaviors. These primitives serve as the building 7 blocks to scaffold complex manipulation tasks. Our model employs heteroge-8 neous primitives at varying levels of abstraction to model realistic tasks that fol-9 low a near-decomposable structure. On a suite of simulated robotic manipulation 10 tasks, we demonstrate that our approach can solve tasks substantially more effec-11 tively than existing approaches. Throughout this process, we discover and quan-12 tify the intrinsic compositional structure of tasks, and highlight that our method is 13 amenable to effective transfer to new tasks. 14
COPD_A_296472 579..589

1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; 2Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; 3Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Background: Statins have, due to their anti-inflammatory properties, been suggested to potentially improve chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcomes. We aimed to investigate the effect of statins on time to first exacerbation and all-cause mortality in highrisk COPD outpatients. Methods: All outpatients with COPD seen at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark in 2016 were identified and followed for 3.5 years in this retrospective, registry-based cohort study of time to first acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) or death. AECOPD was defined as a rescue course of oral corticosteroid and/or hospital admission. The association was estimated using time-varying crude and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: The cohort comprised 950 COPD outpatients, mean (SD) age 71 (11) years, and FEV1 44% predicted (IQR 33%; 57%). The annual exacerbation rate was 0.88 (1.68) and 211 patients (22%) had a history of hospital admission for AECOPD in the 12 months prior to index date. Three hundred and ninety-three patients (41.4%) were defined as statin users, with 131 (33.3%) having filled the first prescription for statin after index date. Statin use was not associated with reduced risk of AECOPD. When stratifying for moderate and severe exacerbations in a sub-analysis in the same model, statin use did not have an increased HR for exacerbation of either severity (HR = 1.02 (95% CI 0.85to 1.24; p = 0.811) and HR = 1.07 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.29; p = 0.492) respectively). Statin use was not associated with allcause mortality (HR 1.05 (95% CI, 0.75 to 1.47, p = 0.777)). Conclusion: We did not find any association between statin use and risk of AECOPD or allcause mortality. The result adds to the evidence that an aggressive approach with statin treatment upfront is not beneficial in COPD, unless prescribed according to current guidelines for cardiovascular diseases.
Adsorption of Pharmaceuticals from Water and Wastewater Using Nonconventional Low-Cost Materials: A Review

Pharmaceuticals are environmental contaminants that have been widely detected in aquatic media. In this review, the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the environment, its major causes, and implications along with effective procedures for their removal from contaminated water have been studied. Adsorption stands out as a promising treatment method, since it offers advantages such as lower energy consumption and simpler operation conditions in comparison to other tertiary treatments. Although commercial activated carbon is extensively studied as an adsorbent of pharmaceuticals, its large-scale application is limited by the high costs. Therefore, different nonconventional low-cost materials have been investigated and adsorbents based on clays, biochars, chitosan, agricultural and industrial wastes, and metal–organic frameworks have been addressed in many studies for pharmaceuticals uptake from water and wastewater. This article reviews key publications on this subject, discussing adsorption performance in ter.
A Study on the Spectrum of Neonatal Intestinal Obstruction in a Tertiary Care Centre

Original Research Article Neonatal intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency requiring intervention in newborn. This study was conducted amongst 40 diagnosed cases of neonatal intestinal obstruction admitted in the department of general surgery and paediatric medicine of North Bengal Medical College and Hospital during the study period. 1 out of every 156 neonates admitted in this hospital during the study period was a case of neonatal intestinal obstruction. There was a male preponderance with a male-female ratio of 3:1 (p<0.0001). 15% of neonates suffered from prematurity. Gestational age varied from 32 weeks to 42 weeks. 70% of neonates were below 2.5 kg at presentation (p=0.0003). Majority of neonates (55%) presented within 7 days of birth (p=0.3711). Most of the cases of anorectal malformations, intestinal atresia and meconium ileus presented within first week of birth while rest presented after 7 days. 45% of the neonates suffered from anorectal malformation, 25% suffered from Hirschsprung disease while 22.5% suffered from intestinal atresia. Other causes were malrotation and meconium ileus. Amongst anorectal malformations, high anomalies were commoner than low anomalies in this study (p<0.0001). Abdominal distension, failure to pass meconium within 24 hours, vomiting, constipation, absent anal opening was the common symptoms at presentation. There were 17.5% cases of complications following surgery for intestinal obstruction and majority of them were due to superficial wound infections. The mortality rate in our study was 12.5% and highest cases of mortality were seen in cases of intestinal atresia.
Distributed summer air temperatures across mountain glaciers : 2 climatic in the south-east Tibetan Plateau : temperature sensitivity and 3 comparison with existing glacier sizedatasets 4 5

24 Near-surface air temperature (Ta) is highly important for modelling glacier ablation, though its 25 spatio-temporal variability over melting glaciers still remains largely unknown. We present a new 26 dataset of distributed Ta for three glaciers of different size in the south-east Tibetan Plateau during 27 two monsoon-dominated summer seasons. We compare on-glacier Ta to ambient Ta extrapolated 28 from several, local off-glacier stations. We parameterise the along-flowline climatic sensitivity of 29 Ta on these glaciers to changes in off-glacier temperatures (referred to as temperature sensitivity) 30 and present the results in the context of several available distributed on-glacier datasets around 31 the world. ClimaticTemperature sensitivity decreases rapidly up to 2000-3000 m along the down32 glacier flowline distance. Beyond this distance, both the Ta ofon the Tibetan glaciers and global 33 glacier datasets show a slower decrease of climatic sensitivity.little additional cooling relative to 34 the off-glacier temperature. In general, observationsTa on small glaciers (with < 1000 m flowline 35 distance) aredistances < 1000 m) is highly sensitive to temperature changes outside the glacier 36 boundary layer. The climatology of a given region can influence the general magnitude of this 37 climatictemperature sensitivity, though no strong relationships are found between along-flowline 38 climatictemperature sensitivity and mean summer temperatures or precipitation. The terminus of 39 some glaciers remain associated withare affected by other warm air processes that increase 40 climatictemperature sensitivity (such as divergent boundary layer flow, warm up-valley winds or 41 debris/valley heating effects) which are evident only beyond ~70% of the total glacier flowline 42 distance. Our results therefore suggest a strong role of local effects in modulating 43 climatictemperature sensitivity close to the glacier terminus, although further work is still 44 required to explain the variable presencevariability of these effects for different glaciers. 45
The Effect of Work-Related Attitudes on Turnover Intention in Public Higher Education Institution: The Case of Arba Minch University, Ethiopia

For any organization, the most important challenge is to retain a talented workforce. In order to retain a talented workforce, it is very important to identify factors that affect the intention of employees to leave. Thus, this study examines the effect of work-related attitudes on turnover intention in terms of academic staff context. 334 academic staff were selected as a sample using a stratified random sampling technique. The study was an explanatory design and the required data was collected through adopted questionnaires from prior studies. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. To do so the statistical packaging for social science (SPSS) version 20 was utilized. The descriptive result indicates that the participant’s level of work-related attitudes was low whereas their level of turnover intention was high. Moreover, the results obtained through T-test and ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in the level of turnover intention based on selected demographics and thus have a varying effect on turnover intention. According to the multiple regression results, the best predictor of turnover intention was affective commitment and the insignificant predictor was continuance commitment.