Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Density propagator for many-body localization: finite size effects, transient subdiffusion, (stretched-)exponentials

We investigate charge relaxation in the spin-less disordered fermionic Hubbard chain ($t{-}V$-model). Our observable is the time-dependent density propagator, $\Pi_{\varepsilon}(x,t)$, calculated in windows of different energy density, $\varepsilon$, of the many-body Hamiltonian and at different disorder strengths, $W$, not exceeding the critical value $W_\text{c}$. The width $\Delta x_\varepsilon(t)$ of $\Pi_\varepsilon(x,t)$ exhibits a behavior $d\ln \Delta x_\varepsilon(t) / d\ln t {=} \beta_\varepsilon(t)$, where the exponent function $\beta_\varepsilon(t){\lesssim}1/2$ is seen to depend strongly on $L$ at all investigated parameter combinations. (i) We cannot confirm the existence of a region in phase space that exhibits (genuine) subdiffusive dynamics in the sense that $\beta_\varepsilon{<}1/2$ is numerically fixed in the limit of large $L$. Instead, subdiffusion might possibly be transient, only, finally giving way to conventional diffusive behavior with $\beta_\varepsilon{=}1/2$. (ii) Similarly, we cannot confirm the existence of many-body mobility edges deep in the delocalized phase. (iii) (Transient) subdiffusion $0<\beta_\varepsilon(t)\lesssim 1/2$, coexists with an enhanced probability for returning to the origin, $\Pi_\varepsilon(0,t)$, decaying much slower than $1/\Delta x_\varepsilon (t)$. Correspondingly, the spatial decay of $\Pi_\varepsilon(x,t)$ is far from Gaussian being exponential or even slower. On a phenomenological level, our findings are broadly consistent with effects of strong disorder and (fractal) Griffiths regions.
Spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking in KTaO 3 interface superconductor

striking twofold deep inside superconducting is an intrinsic of the superconducting the mixed-parity superconducting state, an admixture of s -wave and p -wave pairing components induced by strong spin-orbit coupling. Our an nature of the pairing interaction in the superconductor, a new to clarify a delicate interplay correlation
High-mass Higgs search and combined discovery prospects at the LHC

The prospective analyses for the search of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson decaying in to ZZ ∗ → 4 leptons (4e, 4μ or 2e2μ) or WW ∗ → lνl ′ ν ′ (l or l’ = e or μ) with the ATLAS and the CMS detectors at the CERN LHC pp collider are presented. Signal and background datasets obtained with a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the detectors response are treated using a complete reconstruction chain. An evaluation of expected 95% C.L. exclusion limit in early Higgs boson searches is presented. It is showed that these two channels alone should allow for excluding the SM Higgs boson in the mass range of 140-230 GeV by the time when CMS or ATLAS collect 1 fb −1 of data at a center-of-mass collision energy of 14 TeV. An estimate of how the change of the center-of-mass energy from 14 to 10 TeV would impact the Higgs boson exclusion limits is also given.
Generalized Score Matching for Non-Negative Data

A common challenge in estimating parameters of probability density functions is the intractability of the normalizing constant. While in such cases maximum likelihood estimation may be implemented using numerical integration, the approach becomes computationally intensive. The score matching method of Hyvärinen (2005) avoids direct calculation of the normalizing constant and yields closed-form estimates for exponential families of continuous distributions over Rm. Hyvärinen (2007) extended the approach to distributions supported on the non-negative orthant, R+m. In this paper, we give a generalized form of score matching for non-negative data that improves estimation efficiency. As an example, we consider a general class of pairwise interaction models. Addressing an overlooked inexistence problem, we generalize the regularized score matching method of Lin et al. (2016) and improve its theoretical guarantees for non-negative Gaussian graphical models.
Algorithm of Barrier Objective Penalty Function

ABSTRACT In this paper, an algorithm of barrier objective penalty function for inequality constrained optimization is studied and a conception–the stability of barrier objective penalty function is presented. It is proved that an approximate optimal solution may be obtained by solving a barrier objective penalty function for inequality constrained optimization problem when the barrier objective penalty function is stable. Under some conditions, the stability of barrier objective penalty function is proved for convex programming. Specially, the logarithmic barrier function of convex programming is stable. Based on the barrier objective penalty function, an algorithm is developed for finding an approximate optimal solution to an inequality constrained optimization problem and its convergence is also proved under some conditions. Finally, numerical experiments show that the barrier objective penalty function algorithm has better convergence than the classical barrier function algorithm.
Asteroseismic analysis of the pulsating subdwarf B star KIC 11558725: an sdB+WD system with divergent frequency multiplets and mode trapping observed by Kepler

We analyse the full Kepler short cadence data set of the pulsating subdwarf B star KIC 11558725. KIC 11558725 is in an sdB+WD binary system with a period of 10.05 d and is known to be subsynchronously rotating. From the full data set, we detected 245 pulsation frequencies, mostly in the gravity (g-) mode region, but some in the pressure (p-) mode region as well. We are able to identify 142 of these pulsations as ≤ 2 modes and 27 as = 6 modes. Frequency splittings in the gand p-mode regions indicate that KIC 11558725 is a solid-body rotator with a rotation period of ∼44 d. The = 6 multiplets do not show a constant splitting, with the splitting increasing over the course of the observations. Multiplet structure constrains the inclination of the pulsation axis to be greater than ∼80◦. KIC 11558725 also displays mode trapping in two regions of its asymptotic sequence.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF DEPRESSION IN THE ELDERLY NURSING HOME RESIDENTS IN SAUDI ARABIA

PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF DEPRESSION IN THE ELDERLY NURSING HOME RESIDENTS IN SAUDI ARABIA Running Head: Elderly nursing home residents and depression. Saira Saeed AlQahtani, Rakan Saeed Alqahtani, Sadeem Saeed Alqahtani, Mohammad Almadani MBBS, Medical Resident, Email: sayra92@me.com. Phone number: +966504777600. 2 Ph.D Student, Email: rakann2300@gmail.com. Phone number: +966537777816 3 BSPS, Pharmacist, Email: sa.deemsa@hotmail.com. Phone number: +966537777815 Medical Resident, Email: Dr.al_madani@hotmail.com. Phone number: +966552999909 Article Received: July 2021 Accepted: July 2021 Published: August 2021
Description of the minimizers of least squares regularized with l 0-norm . Uniqueness of the global minimizer

We have an M × N real-valued arbitrary matrix A (e.g. a dictionary) with M < N and data d describing the sought-after object with the help of A. This work provides an in-depth analysis of the (local and global) minimizers of an objective function Fd combining a quadratic data-fidelity term and an l0 penalty applied to each entry of the sought-after solution, weighted by a regularization parameter β > 0. For several decades, this objective has attracted a ceaseless effort to conceive algorithms approaching a good minimizer. Our theoretical contributions, summarized below, shed new light on the existing algorithms and can help the conception of innovative numerical schemes. To solve the normal equation associated with any M-row submatrix of A is equivalent to compute a local minimizer û of Fd. (Local) minimizers û of Fd are strict if and only if the submatrix, composed of those columns of A whose indexes form the support of û, has full column rank. An outcome is that strict local minimizers of Fd are easily computed without knowing the value of β. Each strict local minimizer is linear in data. It is proved that Fd has global minimizers and that they are always strict. They are studied in more details under the (standard) assumption that rank(A) = M < N. The global minimizers with M-length support are seen to be impractical. Given d, critical values βK for any K 6 M− 1 are exhibited such that if β > βK, all global minimizers of Fd are K-sparse. An assumption on A is adopted and proved to fail only on a closed negligible subset. Then for all data d beyond a closed negligible subset, the objective Fd for β > βK, K 6 M − 1, has a unique global minimizer and this minimizer is K-sparse. Instructive small-size (5 × 10) numerical illustrations confirm the main theoretical results.
FRB 121102 casts new light on the photon mass

The photon mass, m γ , can in principle be constrained using measurements of the dispersion measures (DMs) of fast radio bursts (FRBs), once the FRB redshifts are known. The DM of the repeating FRB 121102 is known to < 1%, a host galaxy has now been identiﬁed with high conﬁdence, and its redshift, z , has now been determined with high accuracy: z = 0 . 19273 ( 8 ) . Taking into account the plasma contributions to the DM from the Intergalactic medium (IGM) and the Milky Way, we use the data on FRB 121102 to derive the constraint m γ (cid:2) 2 . 2 × 10 − 14 eVc − 2 (3 . 9 × 10 − 50 kg). Since the plasma and photon mass contributions to DMs have different redshift dependences, they could in principle be distinguished by measurements of more FRB redshifts, enabling the sensitivity to m γ to be improved.
A STUDY OF THE TIME VARIATION OF BRANS-DICKE PARAMETER (ω)

The explicit dependence of the dimensionless Brans-Dicke (BD) parameter ( ) upon time and also upon the equation of state (EoS) parameter (γ) has been determined, by solving BD field equations for a space of zero curvature and also the wave equation for the scalar field (φ). Empirical expressions of the scale factor and the scalar field have been used for this purpose. Dependence of the present value of the BD parameter ( ) upon a parameter controlling the time variation of the scalar field has been obtained and shown graphically. Time variation of the BD parameter, for different values of the EoS parameter, characterizing cosmological eras, has been depicted graphically.
Paths counting on simple graphs: from escape to localization

The "path counting" (PC) vs "random walks" (RW) on graphs of some specific topology is considered. The difference between PC and RW, first described and studied in [1] for star-like graphs, deals with distinct normalizations of elementary steps: for PC any step enters in the partition function with the weight one, while for RW the step probability is normalized. For uniform graphs, PC and RW differ only by the global normalization constant. However, for inhomogeneous graphs the distinction between PC and RW is crucial and for PC the "entropic" path localization could occur, as pointed out in [1]. In our work the consideration of the localization phenomenon is proposed for trees with a "heavy" root, and the corresponding untypical behavior of the partition function at the critical point is studied. We have shown that the localization transition is topology-dependent and could occur even for graphs with the constant vertex degree. The emergence of localization is supported by the analysis of the spectrum of the graph adjacency matrix.
Stochastic Assume-Guarantee Contracts for Cyber-Physical System Design

We present an assume-guarantee contract framework for cyber-physical system design under probabilistic requirements. Given a stochastic linear system and a set of requirements captured by bounded Stochastic Signal Temporal Logic (StSTL) contracts, we propose algorithms to check contract compatibility, consistency, and refinement, and generate a sequence of control inputs that satisfies a contract. We leverage encodings of the verification and control synthesis tasks into mixed integer optimization problems, and conservative approximations of probabilistic constraints that produce sound and tractable problem formulations. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach on three case studies, including the design of controllers for aircraft power distribution networks.
Explanation of liquid-jet atomization cascades via vortex dynamics

Temporal instabilities of a planar liquid jet are studied using direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with level-set (LS) and volume-of-fluid (VoF) surface tracking methods. $\lambda_2$ contours are used to relate the vortex dynamics to the surface dynamics at different stages of the jet breakup, namely, lobe formation, lobe perforation, ligament formation, stretching, and tearing. Three distinct breakup mechanisms are identified in the primary breakup, which are well categorized on the parameter space of gas Weber number ($We_g$) versus liquid Reynolds number ($Re_l$). These mechanisms are analyzed here from a vortex dynamics perspective. Vortex dynamics explains the hairpin formation, and the interaction between the hairpins and the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) roller explains the perforation of the lobes, which is attributed to the streamwise overlapping of two oppositely-oriented hairpin vortices on top and bottom of the lobe. The formation of corrugations on the lobe front edge at high $Re_l$ is also related to the location and structure of the hairpins with respect to the KH vortex. The lobe perforation and corrugation formation are inhibited at low $Re_l$ and low $We_g$ due to the high surface tension and viscous forces, which damp the small scale corrugations and resist hole formation. Streamwise vorticity generation - resulting in three-dimensional instabilities - is mainly caused by vortex stretching and baroclinic torque at high and low density ratios, respectively. Generation of streamwise vortices and their interaction with spanwise vortices produce the liquid structures seen at various flow conditions. Understanding the liquid sheet breakup and the related vortex dynamics are crucial for controlling the droplet size distribution in primary atomization.
High-sensitivity double-parameter sensor based on the fibre-tip Fabry–Pérot interferometer

Abstract We have proposed an ultra-compact double polymer-capped Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI), which could be used for simultaneously measuring refractive index (RI) and temperature with low cross sensitivity. The designed and fabricated FPIs have double polymer layers which were fabricated by step-curing ultraviolet photoresist (SU-8) and polydimethylsiloxane on the end face of a traditional single-mode fibre. Three samples were fabricated with different Fabry–Pérot cavity lengths. Experimental results show that the double polymer structure has higher temperature and RI sensitivities than single-layer structure. About 689.68 pm/°C (based on the wavelength shift) in the temperature range of 20–75 °C and −147.04 dB/RIU (based on peak intensity measurement) in the RI range of 1.335–1.355 were measured, respectively. Moreover, the compact structure, high temperature sensitivity and low cross-sensitivity of the FPI make it suitable for integration such as biomedical and microfluidic sensor probe.
Non-parametric Kernel-Based Estimation of Probability Distributions for Precipitation Modeling

The probability distribution of precipitation amount strongly depends on geography, climate zone, and time scale considered. Closed-form parametric probability distributions are not sufficiently flexible to provide accurate and universal models for precipitation amount over different time scales. In this paper we derive non-parametric estimates of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of precipitation amount for wet time intervals. The CDF estimates are obtained by integrating the kernel density estimator leading to semi-explicit CDF expressions for different kernel functions. We investigate kernel-based CDF estimation with an adaptive plug-in bandwidth (KCDE), using both synthetic data sets and reanalysis precipitation data from the island of Crete (Greece). We show that KCDE provides better estimates of the probability distribution than the standard empirical (staircase) estimate and kernel-based estimates that use the normal reference bandwidth. We also demonstrate that KCDE enables the simulation of non-parametric precipitation amount distributions by means of the inverse transform sampling method.
Revisiting dissipative motion of a spinning heavy symmetric top and rise of the top by friction

We have studied dissipative motion and the rise of a heavy symmetrical top with a hemispherical peg. In this work, the fixed point of the top is the center of the peg, which is different from existing models. We have studied motion by considering the pure slipping condition. Numerical solutions have given similar results with the experiment and the rise of the top.
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

An agrivoltaic system is a combination of solar power generation and crop production that has the potential to increase the value of land. The system was carried out at a 25-kW photovoltaic (PV) power plant located at the Asian Development College for Community Economy and Technology (adiCET), Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Thailand. The growth and yield of bok choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis L.) and the solar power output were investigated and compared with the control. Moreover, the efficiency of the agrivoltaic system was evaluated. The results indicated that the average intensity of solar radiation of 569 W/m2 was obtained. The highest power generation was recorded in the PV with crop production of 2.28 kW. Furthermore, the control plot of crop production at 35 days provided higher growth than bok choy plots under solar panels of 2.1 cm in plant height, 6 in leaf number, 2.2 cm in leaf length and 0.2 cm in leaf wide. High-yield of bok choy was also obtained in the control plot of 17.31 kg. Although the yield of bok choy is extremely low, possibly because of light intensity, crop cultivation under solar panels could reduce the module temperature to less than the PV control of 0.18 °C, resulting in increased voltage and power generation by around 0.09 %. Therefore, an agrivoltaic system is another option for increasing revenue and land equivalent ratio in solar power plants focusing only on electricity generation. However, suitable crops for the space under PV panels should be investigated further.
Trustworthy artificial intelligence and the European Union AI act: On the conflation of trustworthiness and acceptability of risk

Abstract In its AI Act, the European Union chose to understand trustworthiness of AI in terms of the acceptability of its risks. Based on a narrative systematic literature review on institutional trust and AI in the public sector, this article argues that the EU adopted a simplistic conceptualization of trust and is overselling its regulatory ambition. The paper begins by reconstructing the conflation of “trustworthiness” with “acceptability” in the AI Act. It continues by developing a prescriptive set of variables for reviewing trust research in the context of AI. The paper then uses those variables for a narrative review of prior research on trust and trustworthiness in AI in the public sector. Finally, it relates the findings of the review to the EU's AI policy. Its prospects to successfully engineer citizen's trust are uncertain. There remains a threat of misalignment between levels of actual trust and the trustworthiness of applied AI.
Theory of ground states for classical Heisenberg spin systems I

We formulate part I of a rigorous theory of ground states for classical, finite, Heisenberg spin systems. The main result is that all ground states can be constructed from the eigenvectors of a real, symmetric matrix with entries comprising the coupling constants of the spin system as well as certain Lagrange parameters. The eigenvectors correspond to the unique maximum of the minimal eigenvalue considered as a function of the Lagrange parameters. However, there are rare cases where all ground states obtained in this way have unphysical dimensions $M>3$ and the theory would have to be extended. Further results concern the degree of additional degeneracy, additional to the trivial degeneracy of ground states due to rotations or reflections. The theory is illustrated by a couple of elementary examples.
Comparison Study Between PD-NOMA and SCMA

In this paper, the performance and system complexity of the candidate multiple access (MA) techniques for the next generation of cellular systems, namely, power domain nonorthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) and sparse code multiple access (SCMA), are investigated. To this end, for each MA technique, a resource allocation problem considering heterogeneous cellular networks is formulated. We apply successive convex approximation method to each problem and obtain their solutions. Simulation results show that SCMA-based system achieves better performance than PD-NOMA-based one at the cost of more complexity.
Experimental Study of the Francis Turbine Pressure Fluctuations and the Pressure Fluctuations Superposition Phenomenon Inside the Runner

The pressure fluctuations in both the rotating runner and the other fixed components in a model Francis turbine under various loads were experimentally measured by means of onboard measuring equipment in the runner and data storage device on the shaft in this study. Large pressure fluctuation were observed under both small guide vane opening and large guide vane opening conditions. Flow separation at the blade suction surface led to large pressure fluctuations for small guide vane openings, the unsteady flow around the inlet on the blade pressure side led to large pressure fluctuations for large openings. The pressure fluctuations correlation between the runner and other components of the turbine, mainly the draft tube, was analyzed in detail for both small guide vane opening (12°) and large guide vane opening (30°). The results show that the pressure fluctuations in the runner space increased by the superposition of draft tube vortex rope pressure fluctuations and runner inter blade vortices pressure fluctuations, resulting in much larger pressure fluctuations in the runner space than in other components.
CO2 Laser Marsupialization for Internal and Combined Laryngocele

Abstract Introduction Laryngocele is an air-filled dilatation of the laryngeal saccule that can be classified according to its extent (internal, external, or combined) and contents (laryngocele or laryngopyocele). To date, there is no consensus on the best treatment for laryngocele. Objective The present study aims to demonstrate for the first time the effectiveness of CO2 laser marsupialization for internal and combined laryngoceles. Methods A retrospective study was accomplished in our ENT Clinic of the University Hospital, from 2010 to today, recruiting patients according to strict criteria. All patients had internal or combined laryngocele/laryngopyocele treated with CO2 laser marsupialization. Results A total of 15 patients were enrolled for a total of 17 laryngoceles; 66.67% of the patients were males and the mean age was 54.4 (±14.12) years old. Internal laryngoceles accounted for 64.71% of the total, and only 7 cases were laryngopyoceles. At the 3-year follow-up, no signs of recurrence were found. Conclusion CO2 laser marsupialization is efficacious in the treatment of laryngocele or laryngopyocele, both internal and combined, in terms of efficiency, safety, and fast postoperative recovery, without need for tracheotomy or open surgery.