Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Adaptive Learning Rate on the Accuracy of Neural Networks

Learning rates in gradient descent algorithms have significant effects especially on the accuracy of a Capsule Neural Network (CNN). Choosing an appropriate learning rate is still an issue to date. Many developers still have a problem in selecting a learning rate for CNN leading to low accuracies in classification. This gap motivated this study to assess the effect of learning rate on the accuracy of a developed (CNN). There are no predefined learning rates in CNN and therefore it is hard for researchers to know what learning rate will give good results. This work, therefore, focused on assessing the effect of learning rate on the accuracy of a CNN by using different learning rates and observing the best performance. The contribution of this work is to give an appropriate learning rate for CNNs to improve accuracy during classification. This work has assessed the effect of different learning rates and came up with the most appropriate learning rate for CNN plant leaf disease classification. Part of the images used in this work was from the PlantVillage dataset while others were from the Nepal database. The images were pre-processed then subjected to the original CNN model for classification. When the learning rate was 0.0001, the best performance was 99.4% on testing and 100% on training. When the learning rate was 0.00001, the highest performance was 97% on testing and 99.9% on training. The lowest performance observed was 81% accuracy on testing and 99% on training when the learning rate was 0.001. This work observed that CNN was able to achieve the highest accuracy with a learning rate of 0.0001. The best Convolutional Neural Network accuracy observed was 98% on testing and 100% on training when the learning rate was 0.0001. Keywords—CNN; ConvNet; learning rate; gradient descent
The Role of ultrasound in evaluation of antenatal complications related to previous Cesarean section

Background: Pregnant females with prior Cesarean section (CS) are at risk of multiple complications that depend on the number of previous CS. Problems of placenta are the most common complications related to previous CS. Ultrasound (US) is requested for routine screening obstetric examination in all patients. Purpose: The aim of the study is to highlight the risks of repeated CS on the future pregnancy and the severity of elective CS, hoping to decrease this trend specially if not indicated. Also, to show the helpful role of US in detection of these complications during antenatal period. Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 100 pregnant females. Patients attended for sonographic examination at the radiology department of Belbeis general hospital with history of previous CS during the period between December 2018 till February 2020. All patients were scanned by US. Results: 51 patients proved to have complications related to previous CS and diagnosed by US. The complications included Placenta Previa (PP), Intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR), Oligohydramnios, breech presentation and preterm labor. Placental problems were the commonest complication discovered in patients with repeated CS. Conclusion: Repeated CS is a risk factor for multiple complications expected to occur in the new pregnancy and US is accurate in detecting these complications.
The effect of virtual instrument system laboratory to enhance technological literacy and problem-solving skills among junior high school students

This study aims at analyzing the effect of the Virtual Instrument System Laboratory (Vis-Lab) to enhance technological literacy and problem-solving skills among junior high school students. This type of research can be categorized as Quasi-experimental research with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The subjects of this study were the seventh-grade students in one of the junior high schools in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The research instrument consisted of pretest and posttest on technological literacy and problem-solving skills. The data analysis technique used N-Gain analysis, prerequisite test, hypothesis testing with MANOVA, and effect size. Based on the MANOVA test, the Sig. value of 0,000 <α (0.05) indicated that there was a gap in the students’ technological literacy and problem-solving skills between the control and the experimental class. The use of VIS-Lab learning media enhanced the ability of technological literacy by 9.0% for the experimental class and 2.1% for the control class respectively. Meanwhile, the effective contribution to the use of VIS-Lab learning media was 36.5% for the experimental class and 4.73% for the control class. It means that the use of VIS-Lab learning media contribute effectively to improving the ability of technological literacy and problem-solving.
Ecological Responses of Macroinvertebrates to an In-Stream Ecosystem Restoration Technique in a Tropical Stream in Eastern Uganda

A field experiment was conducted to examine the ecological responses of macroinvertebrates to an in-stream ecosystem restoration technique called woody debris introduced in a stream in different arrangements to show how they (woody debris) affected the macroinvertebrate ecology, specifically assemblage composition and biometrics in River Nabongo. The experiment was carried out in two heterogeneous stream environments i.e., i) in a riffle found in the middle reaches of the river at a higher altitude and ii) a pool in the lower altitude and reaches of the river. Each of these two treatments had a control plot for comparison purposes. Four macroinvertebrate sampling campaigns were launched in experimental sites from September 2019 to April 2021. All restoration structures had more macroinvertebrates than control and pre-treatment sites. The introduction of simple structures at the riffle site led to an increase in collector-filterers from 9-128 individuals, while at the pool site all the structures increased macroinvertebrates by 1151 individuals. Taxon richness was highest in the complex plot with 14±0.41 which significantly differed from the rest of the sampling plots at P<0.05. The relative abundance of taxa at the pool site varied significantly from one sampling plot to another at P<0.05 with the highest mean abundance registered in complex and simple structures having 61.3±0.10 and 23.5±0.11 respectively. It was concluded that complex woody debris structures increase the diversity, abundance and richness of aquatic macroinvertebrates by providing hard substrates for colonization by algae and microorganisms on which macroinvertebrates feed. We recommended that other researchers should study the impact of other in-stream ecosystem restoration techniques such as floating islands, constructed wetlands, D-deflectors, a comparison of which with restored woody debris will enable ecologists to choose the most suitable technique to apply at different stream points.
Impact of Bank-Specific, Corporate Governance and Environmental Factors on Bank Efficiency and Profitability in Pakistan

The study aims to investigate the impact of bank-specific, board structure, gender diversity, and environmental factors on bank efficiency and profitability in Pakistan by taking a sample of seventeen commercial banks for the period 2013-2018. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and return on assets (ROA) are used as a proxy to measure bank efficiency and profitability. Panel estimation techniques and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) are used to conceptualize the research framework and to test the hypotheses. The findings indicate a negative relationship of non-performing loans, advances, level of involvement of women into other committees, and CSR index with ROA; while more presence of women on board reveals a positive and significant impact on ROA that is consistent with critical mass theory. However, CEO duality shed a positive impact on technical efficiency; while bank size signifies an inverse relationship with ROA and technical efficiency. Moreover, deposit influences ROA positively; while board size finds a positive and significant relationship with ROA and technical efficiency. The findings are important for various stakeholders as they can efficiently take their decision-making to better understand the factors influence bank performance. This study recommends future researchers do the same research by inculcating a larger sample size.
COPD_A_321541 2523..2531

Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan Purpose: In performing surgery for lung cancer, emphysema is a risk factor related to postoperative respiratory complications (PRC). However, few studies have addressed the risk of radiological emphysematous volume affecting PRC. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emphysematous volume as measured on 3-dimensional computed tomography and PRC. Patients and Methods: We reviewed 342 lung cancer patients undergoing lobectomy between 2013 and 2018. The percentage of low attenuation area (LAA%) was defined as the percentage of the lung area showing attenuation of −950 Hounsfield units or lower. Preoperative factors including age, sex, body mass index, smoking index, respiratory function, tumour histology, and LAA% were evaluated. PRC included pneumonia, atelectasis, prolonged air leakage, empyema, hypoxia, ischemic bronchitis, bronchopleural fistula, and exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia. Uniand multivariable analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between independent clinical variables and postoperative adverse events. Results: Median LAA% was 5.0% (range, 0–40%) and PRC was observed in 50 patients (14.6%). Patients who presented with PRC showed significantly high LAA% compared to those without complications (median: 8.1% vs 3.8%; p < 0.001). Based on univariable analysis, age, sex, smoking index, percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1.0 %), histology, and LAA% were significant predictors for PRC. Multivariable analysis revealed higher LAA% as a significant risk factor for PRC (odds ratio = 1.040; 95% confidence interval, 1.001–1.080; p = 0.046). Conclusion: In addition to respiratory function with spirometry, LAA% can be used as a predictor of PRC.
Sectoral Analysis of the Participation of the Public and Private Agents in the Production Activities in Egypt: An Efficiency Perspective

This study aims at examining the efficiency of the participation of the public and private agents in the production process in different productive sectors of the Egyptian economy during the period 2003-2018. The study utilized the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), also known as the Composed Error model, to determine the efficiency of a production function that consists of labor and capital, as inputs, and the generated value-added by the two productive economic agents, as outputs. The study found differentiated results across the productive sectors regarding the relative weights of the public and private agents and the efficiency of their technical performance, on the one hand, and the returns and contributions of labor and capital factors by the two economic agents in the productive sectors, on the other hand. The relative weak contribution of the public agents in the agriculture sector is commensurate with the low efficiency of their technical performance, and the sector is dominated by the private agents, which are relatively technically more efficient. Despite the technical performance of the private and public agents is almost equivalent in both the mining and manufacturing sectors; however, the public agents dominate the mining sector, while the private agents dominate the manufacturing sector. Regarding the services sector, the private agents perform with a relatively high level of technical efficiency and dominate the sector. In general, the study found that the relative weights of the public and private agents in different productive sectors in Egypt are, to a large extent, commensurate with their level of technical efficiency.
Phyllomedusa 17-2.indd

Ecology of Sceloporus gadsdeni (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae) from the central Chihuahuan Desert, Mexico. Populations of Sceloporus cyanostictus Axtell and Axtell, 1971 from southwestern Coahuila have been described as a new species, Sceloporus gadsdeni Castañeda-Gaytán and Díaz-Cárdenas, 2017. Sceloporus cyanostictus is listed as Endangered by the IUCN Red List due to the decline in its habitat and its limited distribution. The subdivision of S. cyanostictus into two species further reduces the range and population size of each taxon, thereby posing a possible threat to the conservation status of each species. We describe here the sexual dimorphism, growth, age, population structure, sex ratio, density, and thermal ecology of S. gadsdeni to supplement the available information for one these two species. Males are larger than females, and when both sexes reach maturity after 1.1 yr, they have snout–vent lengths of about 60 mm. Population structures in the spring and summer are similar, and differ from those in the fall. The sex ratio is male-biased and varies seasonally. Population density varies from 29 to 124 individuals/ha. Mean body temperature is 32.1°C and mean preferred body temperature is 32.7°C. Sceloporus gadsdeni is a thermoregulator that has high thermal accuracy (db = 0.02) and optimal thermal efficiency (E = 0.98) in an environment with suboptimal thermal quality during September. The data suggest that S. gadsdeni is a sexually dimorphic species that has early sexual maturity, relatively slow growth, variable population density, and effective thermoregulation.
A study to determine smartphone addiction among nursing students at a private healthcare university college in Malaysia

Background: In the era of advancement of digital technology, individuals are empowering to take control of their future. Despite smartphone usage's advantages and positive impact, the unlimited usage of smartphones for social needs and communications leads to smartphone addiction. Smart addiction is considered a form of technological addiction. This study aims to determine the level of smartphone addiction among nursing students at Private Healthcare University College. Method: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative design using convenient sampling. A self-administered Smartphone Addiction Scale questionnaire with close-ended items of questions were distributed to 159 selected diploma nursing students. Results: The study results show high smartphone addiction 126 (58.95%) among nursing students of Private Healthcare University College. Besides, the nursing students spent excessive time on a smartphone, particularly on social networks. However, there was no significant relationship found between smartphone addiction and selected sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusion: This study has provided an initial insight into smartphone usage among nursing students at Private Healthcare University College and suggest that they are more vulnerable to smartphone addiction. Therefore, university management, parents, and students themselves need to take the initiative to free them from smartphone addiction. KEY WORDS: Smartphone Usage, Smartphone Addiction, Unlimited Usage, Nursing Students.
EFFECT OF MINERAL, BIO FERTILIZATION, HUMIC ACID AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ON SUGAR BEET

Two field experiments were conducted during 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons to study the effect of three mineral nitrogen fertilizer levels i.e., 60, 90 and 120 kg N/fed and four biofertilization (without biofertilization, rhizobactrein, phosphorein and dual inoculation) and three foliar spraying levels with humic acid (water as a control, 12 and 24 g/l) on yield and its attributes of sugar beet variety Kawemira. The experimental design was a split-split plot in RCBD with three replications where mineral nitrogen fertilizer, biofertilization and foliar spraying with humic acid were allocated in the main, sub and sub-sub plots, respectively. Results indicated that mineral nitrogen fertilizer and biofertilization with foliar spraying with humic acid had significant positive effect on yield, yield components and quality traits. The heaviest root fresh weight (2.17 kg/plant), root yield (39.77 t/fed) and gross sugar yield (7.13 t/fed) (fed= feddan= 4200 m 2 ) were obtained by the highest level of mineral nitrogen fertilizer (120 kg N/fed), with application the mixture of rhizobactrein+ phosphorein as biofertilization with the highest concentration of foliar sprayed with humic acid (24 g/l). The results of regression analysis of yield and its attributes clarified that, there were four traits i.e. sucrose %, root yield, root length and root fresh weight in the first season, while in the second season, the same traits except root length were significantly (P ≤ 0.001) contributed to variation in gross sugar yield.
WEIGHTED MOSTAR INDICES OF CERTAIN GRAPHS

Chemical graph theory is a mixture of chemistry and mathematics both play an important role in chemical graph theory. Chemistry provides a chemical compound and graph theory transform this chemical compound into a molecular graph, which are associated with some numerical values these values are known as topological indices. In this study we consider the weighted modification of new bond-additive Mostar indices that appear to provide quantitative measures of peripheral shapes of molecules. We have computed the Additively Weighted Mostar Index and Multiplicatively Weighted Mostar Index for Conical and Generalized gear graph.
Evaluation of generalized extreme value and Gumbel distributions for estimating maximum daily rainfall

Extreme rain events can cause social and economic impacts in various sectors. Knowing the risk of occurrences of extreme events is fundamental for the establishment of mitigation measures and for risk management. The analysis of frequencies of historical series of observed rain through theoretical probability distributions is the most commonly used method. The generalized extreme value (GEV) and Gumbel probability distributions stand out among those applied to estimate the maximum daily rainfall. The indication of the best distribution depends on characteristics of the data series used to adjust parameters and criteria used for selection. This study compares GEV and Gumbel distributions and analyzes different criteria used to select the best distribution. We used 224 series of annual maximums of rainfall stations in Santa Catarina (Brazil), with sizes between 12 and 90 years and asymmetry coefficient ranging from -0.277 to 3.917. We used the Anderson–Darling, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS), and Filliben adhesion tests. For an indication of the best distribution, we used the standard error of estimate, Akaike’s criterion, and the ranking with adhesion tests. KS test proved to be less rigorous and only rejected 0.25% of distributions tested, while Anderson–Darling and Filliben tests rejected 9.06% and 8.8% of distributions, respectively. GEV distribution proved to be the most indicated for most stations. High agreement (73.7%) was only found in the indication of the best distribution between Filliben tests and the standard error of estimate.
EXTENDED TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL AND CUSTOMER’S ADOPTION OF MOBILE MARKETING IN THE TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRYOF TANZANIA

This study examines the factors influencing customer’s adoption of mobile marketing in the telecommunications industry of Tanzania. It applied perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) as a major construct of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and extended it with the perceived online negotiation (PON) construct in predicting the mobile marketing adoption in the Telecommunications industry of Tanzania. A survey strategy was employed in data collection, by administering structured questionnaires and collected data from five (5) municipalities in Dar es Salaam using multi-stage sampling on 406 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using multiple linear regression technique. Findings indicated that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use havesignificant and positive influence on the adoption of mobile marketing. while perceived online negotiation (PON) does not influence the adoption of mobile marketing. With these findings, telecommunication companies should improve their business strategies by implementing user-friendly mobile marketing platforms and services that cater to customers' needs with minimal effort.
Assessment of Trace Metal Concentrations in Three Seafood Deep-Sea Fished Caught in the Moroccan Atlantic

The investigation within the framework of this study was carried out on three marine species fished off in Moroccan coasts, namely: a fish, the sole (Solea Vulgaris), a cephalopod, the cuttlefish (Sepia Officinalis) and a crustacean, the pink shrimp (Parapenaeus Longirostris). The aims of this study were assessing the level of concentration in these three marine species, of three metallic trace elements: lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) and giving a reflection on the way in which Moroccan deep-sea fishing professionals can join a food safety management system to ensure the safety of their product and promote their competitiveness. Sampling was carried out at the port of Agadir city after landing of the deep-sea fishing boats which operate beyond 10 nautical miles, offshoring the seabed of Agadir for pink shrimp (Parapenaeus Longirostris), and in Dakhla city offshore for sole (Solea Vulgaris) and cuttlefish (Sepia Officinalis). Trace metal analysis was performed on individual muscles belonging to the three species. The results of the conducted investigations show that the Pb content varies between 0.01 ppm and 0.27 ppm in Solea Vulgaris; between 0.015 ppm and 0.16 ppm in Sepia Officinalis and between 0.022 ppm and 0.38 ppm for Parapenaeus Longirostris. For Cd, the concentrations vary between 0.0047 ppm and 0.050 ppm in Solea Vulgaris; between 0.0025 ppm and 0.254 ppm in Sepia Officinalis and between 0.0065 ppm and 0.11 ppm in Parapenaeus Longirostris. Concerning Hg, the contents vary between 0.0006 ppm and 0.075 ppm in Solea Vulgaris; between 0.0008 ppm and 0.05 ppm in Sepia Officinalis and between 0.0016 ppm and 0.09 ppm in Parapenaeus Longirostris. It appears from this study that the metal contents detected at the level of the three species of seafood investigated are below the regulatory thresholds. These results can be considered as the first basis for validating the control measure linked to the absence of metallic contamination of the three species in the sites studied.
RMHP_A_317735 3701..3709

1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Surgery Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China