Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HERITABILITY ESTIMATES OF BIRTH AND WEANING WEIGHT IN LOHI SHEEP

Thedata regarding birthweight performance of3984 Lohi lambs progeny of90rams andweaning weight recordsof 3976 Lohi lambs progeny of 89 rams were used for the heritability estimation of birth and weaning weights,respectively. The lambs had halfsib relation among themselves. The flock was raised at Livestock ProductionResearch Institute, Bahadurnagar, Okara and the collected data presents the flock performance for the period1960-90.The estimate ofheritability was worked out bythe method ofpaternal halfsib analysis byusing Harvey'sMixed Model Least Squares and Maximum Likelihood Computer Program (LSMLMW, 1990). The heritabilities ofbirthandweaning weights estimated were as0.108:t: 0.027 and0.147 ±0.034 inLohisheep, respectively.Keywords: Heritability, birth-weight, weaning-weight, Lohisheep.INTRODUCTIONPakistan supports over 64 million small ruminants,which are infact the major source oflivelihood forovera million farmers. At present, there are 23.54 millionsheep inthe country and their population isincreasingattherateof3.5percent perannum (Anon, 2003). TheLohibreed isthe biggest and most productive ofallthebreeds inthecountry. Itcomprises some 40 percent ofthe Punjab and 15 percent of the national population(Anon, 1996). The Lohi breed belongs to the irrigatedareas ofthe central Punjab but iswide-spread inotherregions of the Province. There is a wide diversity invarious production traits of this breed which suggeststhat there is a great scope for improvement ofperformance. This diversity in performance could beduetoseveral genetic andenvironmental influences.Thus, any attempt to improve economic prospects ofsheep for mutton and wool production would requirethe estimation of the extent of genetic andenvironmental sources ofvariation inthese traits. Theestimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters areessential indetermining the methods ofselection tobeemployed and in assessing the genetic gains inModel analysis ofvariance for heritability estimationestimate and 89rams having aprogeny of3976 lambswere used for the estimation of weaning weightheritability estimate. The lambs under study had thecommon sire and thus had halfsib relation amongthemselves in the flock. These animals were kept atLivestock Production Research Institute,Bahadurnagar, Okara andthe performance datafortheperiod 1960-90was utilized for the study. The estimateofheritability wasworked out bythe method ofpaternalhalfsib analysis. The method is based on phenotypicresemblance between relatives. The mathematicalmodel fortheanalysis was:Yjjk
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Potential Management With Prostaglandin E1 Analogs

Abstract Lumbar spinal stenosis is one of the most commonly diagnosed spinal disorders worldwide and remains a major cause for surgery in older adults. Lumbar spinal stenosis is clinically defined as a progressive degenerative disorder with low back pain and associated neurogenic intermittent claudication. Conservative and surgical management of lumbar spinal stenosis has been shown to be minimally effective on its symptoms. A treatment option that has not been investigated in the United States is the utilization of prostaglandin E1 analogs, which have been used primarily in Japan for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis since the 1980s. The vasodilatory and antiplatelet aggregation effects of prostaglandin E1 presumably improve symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis by increasing blood flow to the spinal nerve roots. This brief report examines the potential vascular pathology of lumbar spinal stenosis, reviews evidence on the use of prostaglandin E1 analog limaprost in Japan for lumbar spinal stenosis, and briefly discusses misoprostol as a possible alternative in the United States. The studies summarized in this report suggest that prostaglandin E1 analogs may provide benefit as a conservative treatment option for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. However, higher-quality studies conducted in the United States and comparison with other currently used conservative treatments are required before it can be recommended for routine clinical use.
LPS-Induced Endotoxemia Evokes Epigenetic Alterations in Mitochondrial DNA That Impacts Inflammatory Response

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a vital role as a damage-associated molecular pattern in sepsis being able to shape the immune response. Since pathogen recognition receptors of innate immune cells are activated by demethylated DNA only, we set out to investigate the amount of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) in mitochondria and the extent of mtDNA methylation in a human endotoxin model. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 healthy individuals were isolated from whole blood and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 48 h. Subsequently, DNMT1 protein abundance was assessed in whole cells and a mitochondrial fraction. At the same time, methylation levels of mtDNA were quantified, and cytokine expression in the supernatant was measured. Despite increased cellular expression of DNMT1 after LPS stimulation, the degree of mtDNA methylation slightly decreased. Strikingly the mitochondrial protein abundance of DNMT1 was reduced by 50% in line with the lower degree of mtDNA methylation. Although only modest alterations were seen in the degree of mtDNA methylation, these strongly correlated with IL-6 and IL-10 expression. Our data may hint at a protein import problem for DNMT1 into the mitochondria under LPS stimulation and suggest a role of demethylated mtDNA in the regulation of the inflammatory immune response.
Fast and Purification-Free Characterization of Bio-Nanoparticles in Biological Media by Electrical Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation Hyphenated with Multi-Angle Light Scattering and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis Detection

Accurate physico-chemical characterization of exosomes and liposomes in biological media is challenging due to the inherent complexity of the sample matrix. An appropriate purification step can significantly reduce matrix interferences, and thus facilitate analysis of such demanding samples. Electrical Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation (EAF4) provides online sample purification while simultaneously enabling access to size and Zeta potential of sample constituents in the size range of approx. 1–1000 nm. Hyphenation of EAF4 with Multi-Angle Light Scattering (MALS) and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) detection adds high resolution size and number concentration information turning this setup into a powerful analytical platform for the comprehensive physico-chemical characterization of such challenging samples. We here present EAF4-MALS hyphenated with NTA for the analysis of liposomes and exosomes in complex, biological media. Coupling of the two systems was realized using a flow splitter to deliver the sample at an appropriate flow speed for the NTA measurement. After a proof-of-concept study using polystyrene nanoparticles, the combined setup was successfully applied to analyze liposomes and exosomes spiked into cell culture medium and rabbit serum, respectively. Obtained results highlight the benefits of the EAF4-MALS-NTA platform to study the behavior of these promising drug delivery vesicles under in vivo like conditions.
Performance Analysis of Hydrodynamic Pressure Finger Seal by Wall Slip Effect

Hydrodynamic pressure finger seal1 is a kind of flexible noncontact dynamic sealing device with good application potential. It relies on the ultrathin dynamic pressure film effect produced by the rotation of finger boot and rotor to realize the design of noncontact and low leakage and is suitable for high-speed dynamic sealing parts. However, under the high-speed condition, there is a wall slip effect when the gas flows in the microchannel with a thickness of about 10 μm between the finger boot and rotor, which affects the stability of the dynamic pressure air film and also affects the change of the air film bearing capacity and the leakage rate of the finger seal. Therefore, based on the theory of microflow, the interstitial flow field model of finger seal under fluid dynamic pressure is established, and its slip effect under high speed is analyzed. The results show that the slip ratio of the sealing medium temperature of 500°C and 0.1 MPa conditions reached 27.28%. When considering the slip effect of the wall surface generated by the gas under shear driving, the gas film bearing capacity decreased and the leakage rate increased. When the pressure difference between the upper and lower reaches of the seal is 0.1 MPa, and the rotor line speed is 400 m/s, the gas film bearing capacity decreases by 17.39% after considering the slip effect of the wall surface, and the leakage rate increases by 14.06%. The results provide an important reference for the structural design and leakage control of hydrodynamic finger seal.
Genetic Variability Parameters For Yield Components And Late Leaf Spot Tolerance In BC1F2 Population Of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogeaea L.)

BC 1 F 2 population of four crosses was evaluated to assess their genetic parameters. A wide range of variation was observed for the eight traits. High magnitude of PCV and GCV coupled with broadsense heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean for these characters studied such as mature pods per plant, immature pods per plant, total pods per plant, mature seeds per plant, immature seeds per plant, haulm weight per plant, LLS disease score at 75 DAS and pod yield per plant in all the populations, whereas the direct crosses recorded high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean for LLS disease score at 90 DAS. So the selection may be effective for this trait in these populations. Most of the characters had low value of GCV as compared to the PCV indicating the scope for further genetic improvement. Owing to presence of wide variability, there is scope for yield improvement in these crosses.
Olfaction as a Marker for Dystonia: Background, Current State and Directions

Dystonia is a heterogeneous group of hyperkinetic movement disorders. The unifying descriptor of dystonia is the motor manifestation, characterized by continuous or intermittent contractions of muscles that cause abnormal movements and postures. Additionally, there are psychiatric, cognitive, and sensory alterations that are possible or putative non-motor manifestations of dystonia. The pathophysiology of dystonia is incompletely understood. A better understanding of dystonia pathophysiology is highly relevant in the amelioration of significant disability associated with motor and non-motor manifestations of dystonia. Recently, diminished olfaction was found to be a potential non-motor manifestation that may worsen the situation of subjects with dystonia. Yet, this finding may also shed light into dystonia pathophysiology and yield novel treatment options. This article aims to provide background information on dystonia and the current understanding of its pathophysiology, including the key structures involved, namely, the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and sensorimotor cortex. Additionally, involvement of these structures in the chemical senses are reviewed to provide an overview on how olfactory (and gustatory) deficits may occur in dystonia. Finally, we describe the present findings on altered chemical senses in dystonia and discuss directions of research on olfactory dysfunction as a marker in dystonia.
Respiratory Trajectories in Type 2 and 3 Spinal Muscular Atrophy in the iSMAC Cohort Study

Objective To describe the respiratory trajectories and their correlation with motor function in an international pediatric cohort of patients with type 2 and nonambulant type 3 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Methods This was an 8-year retrospective observational study of patients in the International SMA Consortium (iSMAc) natural history study. We retrieved anthropometrics, forced vital capacity (FVC) absolute, FVC percent predicted (FVC%P), and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) requirement. Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale (HFMS) and revised Performance of Upper Limb (RULM) scores were correlated with respiratory function. We excluded patients in interventional clinical trials and on nusinersen commercial therapy. Results There were 437 patients with SMA: 348 with type 2 and 89 with nonambulant type 3. Mean age at first visit was 6.9 (±4.4) and 11.1 (±4) years. In SMA type 2, FVC%P declined by 4.2%/y from 5 to 13 years, followed by a slower decline (1.0%/y). In type 3, FVC%P declined by 6.3%/y between 8 and 13 years, followed by a slower decline (0.9%/y). Thirty-nine percent with SMA type 2% and 9% with type 3 required NIV at a median age 5.0 (1.8–16.6) and 15.1 (13.8–16.3) years. Eighty-four percent with SMA type 2% and 80% with type 3 had scoliosis; 54% and 46% required surgery, which did not significantly affect respiratory decline. FVC%P positively correlated with HFMS and RULM scores in both subtypes. Conclusions In SMA type 2 and nonambulant type 3, lung function declines differently, with a common leveling after age 13 years. Lung and motor function correlated in both subtypes. Our data further define the milder SMA phenotypes and provide information to benchmark the long-term efficacy of new treatments for SMA.
Variation saisonnière du rythme de l'activité locomotrice de Talitrus Saltator issu de la plage de korba (Cap Bon, Tunisie)

Talitrus saltator est un Amphipode vivant dans l'etage supra-littoral des cotes mediterraneennes (cote europeen). Le rythme circadien de l'activite locomotrice de cet animal nocturne est entraine par la photoperiode naturelle (nLD). Les individus de Talitrus saltator qui ont fait l'objet de cette etude proviennent de Korba (Tunisie). Ils ont ete collectes en novembre, fevrier, mai et en juillet. Des groupes de 5 individus ont ete maintenus a une temperature constante correspondant approximativement a la temperature moyenne du jour de la collecte. L'etude de la variation saisonniere des caracteristiques des rythmes entraineur nLD et circadien {moyenne d'activite par heure et par jour, pourcentage de rythmicite, periodes en condition d'entrainement (tLD) et en condition de libre cours (tDD} a ete realisee d'une part sous la photoperiode naturelle correspondant a celle du jour de la collecte (premiere semaine) et d'autre part en obscurite continue (deuxieme semaine). Cette etude a montre que, contrairement a l'automne (debut novembre), le minimum de rythmicite et le maximum de variabilite de la periode circadienne ont ete observes en ete (mi-juillet). A l'interieur d'une meme saison une difference significative entre les deux types de periodes a ete notee uniquement en automne. Par contre, il existe une difference significative entre la periode TLD en hiver (fevrier) et celle enregistree en ete. De meme, les deux periodes circadiennes enregistrees en automne et en hiver sont significativement differentes. Ces resultats sont discutes en relation avec une adaptation saisonniere aux changements ecologiques du milieu de vie de l'animal.
Variation in Chloride Accumulation in Hybrids and Backcrosses ofVitis berlandieriandVitis viniferaunder Glasshouse Conditions

Two glasshouse trials were conducted to examine vineyard data which suggested that the action of a single dominant gene is responsible for low chloride concentrations in petioles of vines of Vitis berlandieri and V. berlandieri x V. vinifera hybrids. Both trials employed a nutrient solution technique with NaCl at a concentration of 25 m M . To an extent, the data from the trials indicated a single gene for Cl - exclusion derived from Vitis berlandieri . There was a marked segregation for high and low petiole Cl - concentrations in one pair of backcross families, MF77-13 ( V. berlandieri x Sultana) x Biancone or Koshu Sanjaku. However, the other pair of backcrosses investigated, MF78-01 ( V. berlandieri x Sultana) x Biancone or Koshu Sanjaku, did not segregate in a 1:1 ratio expected from vineyard data. This result is discussed in terms of possible incorrect classification in the vineyard due to variations in rootzone salinities and/or the action of genes derived from V. vinifera parents which may have modified the phenotypic expression of a major gene. While there was little evidence for genotypic differences in shoot Cl - concentrations being affected by genotypic differences in vine vigor, there were exceptions which raised the question of whether initial vine size affects the expression of a major gene for Cl - exclusion in short-term glasshouse trials. For example, two F1 hybrids, MF77-13 ( V. berlandieri x Sultana) and MU21-91 ( V. berlandieri x Biancone), had high petiole Cl - concentrations contrary to the assumption of a dominant gene for Cl - exclusion derived from V. berlandieri . Both of these genotypes were less vigorous than others, and it is possible that as young vines they were less tolerant of NaCl than more vigorous vines. As a result, they accumulated greater petiole Cl - concentrations than expected. The ratio of genotypic to phenotypic variance was greater for backcross families than for F1 hybrids ( V. berlandieri x V. vinifera ), which supported a segregation of a major dominant gene in the backcross generation.
Effect of Marketing Mix and Service Quality on Tourist Satisfaction

This study aims to investigate the effect of marketing mix and service quality on tourist satisfaction. The main objective of the study is divided into two sub-objectives: investigating the effect of the marketing mix on tourist satisfaction and investigating the effect of service quality on tourist satisfaction. The population in this study are all tourists visiting the Tourism Destinations in the City of Medan. Sampling using non probability sampling. Sampling of tourists in this research was determined by quota sampling of 200 respondents. Data collection techniques used in this study include interviews and provide questionnaires to the relevant parties. The technique of data analysis in this research is descriptive and multiple regression. The results of the study showed that the marketing mix and service quality variables partially and simultaneously had a significant effect on tourist satisfaction in the Tourist Destinations in the City of Medan Keywords: Marketing mix, service quality, tourist satisfaction
tudy on laser welding–brazing of zinc coated steel to aluminum alloy with a inc based filler

Laser welding–brazing (LWB) technique with CW Nd:YAG laser was used for lap joining of zinc coated steel (DP600) with aluminum alloy (AA6016) using a filler wire composed of 85% Zn and 15% Al. LWB was performed with varying laser power, brazing speed, and wire feed speed. The microstructure and composition analyses of the brazed joints were examined using SEM and EDS while the mechanical properties were measured in the form of micro-hardness and tensile strength. The thickness of reaction
Characterization of carbofuran bound residues and the effect of ageing on their distribution and bioavailability in the soil of a sugar beet field in north-western Morocco

This study was undertaken to investigate distribution, fractionation, bioavailability and remobilization characteristics of bound soil-aged carbofuran and the effect of ageing in clay soil in a typical field of sugar beet at Loukkos in northwest Morocco. Results indicate that initially there were high levels of bound residues (BR) in the humin fraction, which decreased with incubation time and ageing of the BR. While in the fulvic and humic acid fractions, the amount of BR increased with the ageing of the BR and occurred predominantly (60%) in the fulvic acid fraction. The possibility of the mineralization and release of BR with ageing was studied using fresh soil and an incubation period of 90 days. The results indicate that the ageing of the residues have a great influence on the remobilization and mineralization rates of carbofuran BR; 9.45 to 14.90% of the total BR was released as extractable residues, and 1.95 to 4.15% was mineralized depending on the age of the residues in soil and the soil-aged carbofuran BR. The incorporation of the residues in the humin fraction is considered to be a threat to the environment. On the other hand, the clear prevalence of residues in the fulvic and humic acid fractions, may have an important effect on their bioavailability and movement in soil. Moreover, the re-extractability of BR could pose a potential environmental risk. Consequently, the BR remobilized must be taken into account when assessing for registration processes the environmental risk of pesticides persisting in soils.
In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 Bioactive Compounds and Determination of their Bioprotective Effects on Nutritional Components of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can synthesize antimicrobial compounds (AMCs) with nutritional and bioprotective properties in crops and food products. In the current study, AMCs of Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 were evaluated to control fungal spoilage in maize grains. On maize grains treated with 75%–100% (v/v) concentrated AMCs, no fungal growth was observed even after 72 h of Aspergillus flavus inoculation. Proximate analysis of treatments A1 (raw grains), A2 (A. flavus inoculated grains) and A3 (A. flavus + AMCs inoculated grains) revealed that moisture was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) high in A2 than A3 and A1. Meanwhile, protein, fat, fiber and ash contents were significantly decreased in A2 compared to A1 and A3. Moreover, β-carotene contents were not statistically different between A1 and A3, while in A2 it was significantly decreased. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of 2-oxopropanoic acid, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, propanedioic acid and butanedioic acid, which also showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl and ester-groups along with organic and fatty acids, thereby indicating their participation in inhibitory action. Furthermore, the AMCs were found to be a good alternative to chemical preservatives, thereby not only preserving the nutritive qualities but increasing the shelf life as well.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE ALGAL FLORA (CHLOROPHYTA) OF FRESH WATERS OF DISTRICT SWAT. N.W.F.P., PAKISTAN

In this study 138 Chlorophycean species belonging to 56 genera, 25 families and 9 orders were recorded. Among these 74 species (53.6%) belong to 22 genera and 7 families of order Chlorococcales. Four species (3%) belong to 3 genera and 1 family of order Cladophorales. Three species (2.2%) belong to 3 genera and 3 families of order Chaetophorales. One species (0.7%) belong to 1 genus and 1 family of order Sphaeropleales. Two species (1.5%) belong to 2 genera and 1 family of order Oedogoniales. Fourteen species (10.2%) belong to 8 genera and 3 families of order Tetrasporales. Eight species (5.8%) belong to 4 genera and 3 families of order Ulotrichiales. Eleven species (8%) belong to 7 genera and 3 families of order Volvocales. Twenty one species (15%) belong to 6 genera and 3 families of order Zygnematales. The maximum 74 species (53.6%) belong to order Chlorococcales, followed by Zygnematales with 21 species (15%) and 1 species (0.7%) from order Sphaeropleales.