Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expanded ACE2 dependencies of diverse SARS-like coronavirus receptor binding domains

Viral spillover from animal reservoirs can trigger public health crises and cripple the world economy. Knowing which viruses are primed for zoonotic transmission can focus surveillance efforts and mitigation strategies for future pandemics. Successful engagement of receptor protein orthologs is necessary during cross-species transmission. The clade 1 sarbecoviruses including SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 enter cells via engagement of ACE2, while the receptor for clade 2 and clade 3 remains largely uncharacterized. We developed a mixed cell pseudotyped virus infection assay to determine whether various clade 2 and 3 sarbecovirus spike proteins can enter HEK 293T cells expressing human or Rhinolophus horseshoe bat ACE2 proteins. The receptor binding domains from BtKY72 and Khosta-2 used human ACE2 for entry, while BtKY72 and Khosta-1 exhibited widespread use of diverse rhinolophid ACE2s. A lysine at ACE2 position 31 appeared to be a major determinant of the inability of these RBDs to use a certain ACE2 sequence. The ACE2 protein from R. alcyone engaged all known clade 3 and clade 1 receptor binding domains. We observed little use of Rhinolophus ACE2 orthologs by the clade 2 viruses, supporting the likely use of a separate, unknown receptor. Our results suggest that clade 3 sarbecoviruses from Africa and Europe use Rhinolophus ACE2 for entry, and their spike proteins appear primed to contribute to zoonosis under the right conditions.
Hot atom chemistry: oxygen at stepped platinum surfaces

It is a paradigm in chemistry that chemical reaction are mainly governed by thermodynamics. Within this assumption, reaction rates can be derived from transition state theory which requires a quasi-equilibrium between reactants and activated transition state complexes that is achieved through friction. However, to reach thermal equilibrium through friction takes some time. Here we show, based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction of molecular oxygen with stepped Pt surfaces, that chemical reactions in heterogeneous catalysis can occur in a non-equilibrium fashion when the excess kinetic energy upon entering the potential well of a reaction intermediate is large enough.
ASSESSMENT OF JOURNALISM STUDENTS’ WRITING PROJECTS COMPLETED INDIVIDUALLY AND IN COLLABORATION

The authors discuss the issues and benefits of collaborative writing in journalistic education, comparing the texts written by students in different conditions: in group collaboration, individually after prewriting group discussion, and individually without any collaboration. We used a survey for collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. The participants were 21 second year and 15 third-year students, who wrote 18 fiction stories for preschool children (3 were written in the collaborative writing groups of 4, where the students were allowed to choose partners for small groups; 3 in the collaborative writing groups of 4, where the students were not allowed to choose partners; 6 after prewriting group discussion, and 6 without any collaboration). 12 six-year students evaluated delivered texts. We also interviewed 12 teachers of the Department of Publishing and Editing about the collaborative writing tasks at the meeting of the Department. Teachers’ interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed. The students and teachers expressed positive attitudes towards collaborative writing, that contributes to students’ learning outcomes and prepare them for teamwork. The highest score got the texts written individually after the prewriting discussion. The stories written by the students who were allowed to choose partners in a group work gained higher scores than texts prepared in randomly created groups. The participants in the self-selected conditions reported that they enjoyed а high level of participation, sharing the workload and supportive behaviour. We also observed the evidences of unequal participation of students in collaboration in small groups where the partners were not familiar. The lowest average score got the texts written with no collaboration. So, we proved that there is a need for implementing prewriting group discussions in the learning process. It is necessary to differentiate the role of each student in collaborative writing to evaluate individual results correctly.
A Seasonal Perspective of Nosemosis; the Presence of Nosema spp. in Honeybee Colonies During Summer Months in Ankara, Turkey

Nosemosis is known as a serious disease of adult honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) caused by Nosema apis and N. ceranae which are obligate intracellular microsporidian parasites. The parasites infect the epithelial cells of honey bee ventriculum and lead to critical changes in midgut mucosa that cause digestive and metabolic disorders. Accordingly, the infestation causes the death of adult honey bees and leads to great economic losses for beekeeping industry worldwide. Seasonal patterns of nosemosis are consistent and mostly observed in the spring or autumn months, with the highest spore counts and viability. The aim of this work was to evaluate the seasonality of nosemosis in the light of previous literature and specifically investigate the presence of Nosema spp. during the summer season including June, July, and August from various locations in Ankara. Honey bee individuals were collected from 80 apiaries located in 14 different areas in Ankara. The samples were analyzed from pools of ten adult honey bees per population using digestion methods. Before analysis, the anesthesia was induced by cold (30 sec, -80 °C) on the bees. According to obtained data, 12 out of 80 (15%) sampled apiaries were infected with Nosema spp. spores. Infected apiaries were mainly located in the central and north parts of Ankara. Results show nosemosis might be detrimental to honey bee colonies and its productivity in the summer months. Therefore, the treatment might be needed when infections of Nosema spp. reach to an infectious level even in summer.
Evaluation of air leakage and its influence on thermal demands of office buildings in Madrid

Four office buildings in Madrid have been analysed at two different levels: air leakage tests and mathematical modelling. In this way real ELA, and the instantaneous and mean infiltration values have been determined, as well as its effects on the heating and cooling demands. This process highlighted different recurring building pathologies, which, although only tested in this small simple, lead to belief this could be a clear picture of the current situation.
CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR OVERSATURATED TRAFFIC

Recently, a dynamic traffic control system designated as dynamic intersection signal control optimization ~DISCO! has been developed. DISCO considers the entire fundamental diagram of traffic flow, which is essential for controlling congested and transient traffic. As a dynamic model, DISCO works with time-variant traffic patterns and derives dynamic timing plans. In this study, we applied DISCO to a congested network in Hong Kong and studied the various control strategies enabled by DISCO. The results showed that DISCO outperformed the existing plans by 30- 40% in overall delay reductions. DISCO performed best under the most flexible control scheme of variable-green no-cycle strategy, given a good initial solution for the algorithm. Nevertheless, even good fixed-time plans can produce remarkable results.
Understanding main causes of nitrogen oxide fumes in surface blasting

Post-blast nitrogen oxide fumes (NOx) from surface blasting activities have become an important operational issue in Australian Coal mines. Post-blast fumes are a direct product of the detonation process which can be easily identified as the resultant yellow to orange post-blast clouds. There is general agreement that the conditions leading to fumes are associated with fuel deficiencies or incomplete detonation of the explosive product. From a practical perspective this can be due to one or a combination of factors such as explosive product characteristics, confinement effects, ground conditions, inappropriate blast design parameters, explosive product selection, on-bench practices and potential contamination of explosive product in the blasthole. This paper presents the preliminary results of a project funded by the Australian Coal Association Research Program (ACARP). The main objective of this project is to gain a better understanding of the principal causes of post-blast fumes at the operational level so that incidences can be minimised. Results from a comprehensive literature review, an industry survey and analysis of newly established blast registers have indicated that an appropriate matching of product to ground is essential to minimise fume incidences. For this to occur there must be a clear understanding of the potential impact of the characteristics of key components in any given product formulation and ANFO/Emulsion blends. Analysis has confirmed the impact of confinement and ground conditions as well as the potential contamination of product with fine drill cuttings near the stemming region. Trends associated with increases in the likelihood of fume incidences from long sleep times were identified but could not be entirely confirmed with the available data. The analysis on overburden blasts showed that it is fair to assume that the likelihood of high level fume incidences may increase when a product is slept for >10 days and that decisions to have product sleeping for longer periods should be supported by a good understanding of the product characteristics and ground conditions (geology and hydrogeology). Further work is required to build capabilities to verify on-bench product specifications and characteristics including the ability to measure in hole density changes, product moisture, verify AN/Emulsion blending ratios and undertake a more through characterisation of ground conditions. It is also important to extend the range of measurement systems to evaluate the performance of the detonation process in situ. To that end the authors have embarked in the development of instrumentation to better understand the impact of changing characteristics of explosive products in situ; a brief description and preliminary results from this research effort are also discussed in this paper.
Influence of Cold-TRP Receptors on Cold-Influenced Behaviour

The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, TRPA1 and TRPM8, are thermo-receptors that detect cold and cool temperatures and play pivotal roles in mediating the cold-induced vascular response. In this study, we investigated the role of TRPA1 and TRPM8 in the thermoregulatory behavioural responses to environmental cold exposure by measuring core body temperature and locomotor activity using a telemetry device that was surgically implanted in mice. The core body temperature of mice that were cooled at 4 °C over 3 h was increased and this was accompanied by an increase in UCP-1 and TRPM8 level as detected by Western blot. We then established an effective route, by which the TRP antagonists could be administered orally with palatable food. This avoids the physical restraint of mice, which is crucial as that could influence the behavioural results. Using selective pharmacological antagonists A967079 and AMTB for TRPA1 and TRPM8 receptors, respectively, we show that TRPM8, but not TRPA1, plays a direct role in thermoregulation response to whole body cold exposure in the mouse. Additionally, we provide evidence of increased TRPM8 levels after cold exposure which could be a protective response to increase core body temperature to counter cold.
Safety of Weekly Primaquine in Glucose 6 Phosphatase Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficient Children

Aim: To assess the Safety of weekly Primaquine in Glucose 6 Phosphatase Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient children, for radical treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria Study Design: cross sectional study Place and Duration: Pediatrics Out Patient Department, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hyderabad from 11 January 2018 to 31st August 2019 (total 20 months’ duration) Methodology: A sample of 40 patients was studied during study period. Male children between 4 years to 12 years of age having confirmed vivax malaria were included in the study. If G6PD result showed decreased level of G6PD level then, they were enrolled for study. MP was checked by thick and thin slide method. 5 ml blood was taken in anticoagulant bottle for G6PD, liver function test, creatinine, complete blood count, and reticulocyte count tests. Haemoglobin < 7 g/dL, reticulocyte count > 4, SGPT > 80, G6PD Level < 60% of normal and creatinine > 1.2 was considered significant. Treatment was given with Artemether and Lumefantrine for 3 days while Primaquine, 0 . 75 mg base/kg body weights once a week was given for 8 weeks. Patients were followed at OPD initially on 3rd day of therapy then every week for 8 weeks for any hemolysis. Results: There was no hemolysis during the first week and 8 weeks after therapy. Most common side effect was abdominal pain 4 (10%). Mean hemoglobin was 11.8mg/dl. Plasmodium vivax was negative on 3rd day of therapy, it was also negative on 8 week of therapy. Reticulocyte count, Liver function test, creatinine were also normal on 8 weeks of therapy. Conclusion: Primaquine 0.75mg//kg/week for total eight weeks is highly effective for the radical cure of Plasmodium vivax in G6PD deficient children. There is no recurrence of Plasmodium vivax after 8 weeks of therapy. We found this regimen safe as there was no hemolysis demonstrated in children.
Buyer-supplier relationships in advanced manufacturing technology acquisition and implementation : a study in Malaysia

This thesis reports the results of research into the connections between transaction attributes and buyer-supplier relationships (BSR) in advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) acquisitions and implementation. It also examines the impact of the different patterns of BSR on performance. Specifically, it addresses the issues of how the three transaction attributes; namely level of complexity, level of asset specificity, and level of uncertainty, can affect the relationships between the technology buyer and suppler in AMT acquisition and implementation, and then to see the impact of different patterns of BSR on the two aspect of performance; namely technology and implementation performance. In understanding the pohenomena, the study mainly draws on and integrates the literature of transaction cost economics theory,buyer-supplier relationships and advanced manufacturing technology as a basis of theoretical framework and hypotheses development.data were gathered through a questionnaire survey with 147 responses and seven semi-structured interviews of manufacturing firms in Malaysia. Quantitative data were analysed mainly using the AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) package for structural equation modeling and SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) for analysis of variance (ANOVA). Data from interview sessions were used to develop a case study with the intention of providing a richer and deeper understanding on the subject under investigation and to offer triangulation in the research process. he results of the questionnaire survey indicate that the higher the level of technological specificity and uncertainty, the more firms are likely to engage in a closer relationship with technology suppliers.However, the complexity of the technology being implemented is associated with BSR only because it is associated with the level of uncertainty that has direct impact upon BSR.The analysis also provides strong support for the premise that developing strong BSR could lead to an improved performance. However, with high levels of transaction attribute, implementation performance suffers more when firms have weak relationships with technology suppliers than with moderate and low levels of transaction attributes. The implications of the study are offered for both the academic and practitioner audience. The thesis closes with reports on its limitations and suggestions for further research that would address some of these limitations.
Prediction of Robot Grasp Robustness using Artificial Intelligence Algorithms

: Predicting the quality of the robot end-effector grasp quality during an industrial robot manipulator operation can be an extremely complex task. As is often the case with such complex tasks, Artificial Intelligence methods may be applied to attempt the creation of a model - if sufficient data exists. The presented dataset uses a publicly available dataset, consisting of 992632 measurements of position, torque, and velocity - for each of the three joints of three fingers of the simulated end-effector. The dataset is first analyzed and pre-processed to prepare it for model training. The duplicate values are removed from the dataset, as well as the statistical outliers. Then, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) machine learning algorithm is applied to 80% of the data contained in the dataset, using the Grid Search algorithm to determine the best combination of MLP hyperparameters. As the dataset consists of torque, velocity, and speed measurements for separate joints and fingers of the tested end-effector the testing is performed to see if a subset of the inputs may be used to regress the robustness of the given grip. The normalization of the dataset is also applied, and its effect on the regression quality is tested. The results, evaluated with the coefficient of determination, show that while the best model is achieved using all the possible inputs, a satisfactory result can be obtained using only velocity and torque.The results also show that the normalization of the dataset improves the regression quality in all the observed cases.
Epidemiological Profile of Deaths in Children Aged 0 to 59 in the Pygmy Community. Case of the Manono and Ankoro Health District of Tanganyika Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Introduction: Mortality and even morbidity are among the indicators of the efficiency of a health system. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study on mortality among children aged 0 - 59 in the pygmy community with the aim of reducing mortality in this age group. This study covered two years, i.e. 2014 and 2015. Results: The overall hospital mortality rate is 39.9%; 2014 saw many deaths (77.9%) compared to 2015 (22.1%); Newborns whose age is between 0 and 28 were more concerned by death donations 47.7%, followed by those aged between 1 and 11 months (30.2%) and finally those whose age is included between 12 and 59 months (22.1%). Conclusion: Reducing mortality among children aged 0 - 59 is a major asset for nation building.
Automotive SPICE in Practice: Surviving Implementation and Assessment

Automotive SPICE is a framework for designing and assessing software development processes. If implemented effectively, it leads to better processes and better product quality. It also helps to improve the cooperation among complex supply chains and between globally distributed development and engineering centers. Automotive SPICE has been derived from the ISO/IEC 15504 standard, also known as SPICE. It has been developed under the Automotive SPICE initiative by the consensus of several major car manufacturers such as Audi, BMW, Ford, Fiat, Daimler, Porsche, Volkswagen, and Volvo. Today, Automotive SPICE has become a standard in the international automotive industry. This book is written as a guide to help the reader understand and interpret the requirements of this standard and to implement Automotive SPICE in a real world application environment. It is written for engineers, practitioners, managers, and project managers who need practical guidance in applying or implementing the Automotive SPICE framework in his/her company. Important topics, such as traceability, functional safety (IEC 61508), and the relationship between Automotive SPICE and CMMI are given particular attention. This book is a definite must for practitioners involved in implementing Automotive SPICE in process improvement programs; a welcome aid for any assessor looking for clear, consistent, and constructive rating guidelines; and an invaluable resource for anyone concerned with engineering development processes in the automotive industry.
Florence Nightingale and Responsibility for Healthcare in the Home

The focus for this article is the approach taken by the famous British nurse and public health reformer Florence Nightingale (1820–1910) to responsibility for care, with particular reference to healthcare as practised in the home. It begins by examining Nightingale’s involvement as a young woman in ‘Lady Bountiful’ style upper-class charitable health visiting in the period before 1850. It goes on to consider the district nursing model designed by Nightingale and William Rathbone in the 1860s as an attempt to adapt this localised model of charitable care to the demands of industrial Victorian cities. The final section broadens the lens to examine Nightingale’s views on religious vocations in care work and the state’s expanding role in regulating the nursing profession. Nightingale’s ideal vision of care combined multiple elements: attachment to a local community, a sense of religious vocation, and the scalability and fundraising of national or governmental organizations.
Feelings of closeness toward Asian Americans: an analysis of African Americans and Black Caribbeans

Abstract Using data from a national sample, I examine Blacks’ feelings of closeness toward Asians in the United States. More specifically, I explore the following: (1) perceived closeness toward Asians, (2) correlates of perceived closeness, and (3) ethnic and national/cultural origin differences in perceived closeness. Results show that feelings of closeness toward Asians are rather similar between African Americans, Jamaicans, Haitians, Spanish-speaking Caribbeans, Trinidadians, and other English-speaking Caribbeans. Ethnic subgroup regression analyses reveal several interesting findings. Only among African Americans, everyday discrimination was negatively associated with feelings of closeness toward Asians. Living in the Northeast was positively correlated with perceived closeness toward Asians. Living in the Midwest, being married, financial strain, and higher educational attainment were correlates of closeness toward Asians only among Black Caribbeans. For Blacks overall, having immigrated to the United States more than 20 years ago was positively correlated with feelings of closeness toward Asians compared to native-born Blacks. While being female and everyday discrimination decreased feelings of closeness, positive Black group evaluation and higher religiosity levels increased feelings of closeness. Considering the growing diversity within the Black population in the United States to assess Black-Asian relations, these findings identify several correlates of their felt closeness toward Asians. These results can improve our understanding of Black-Asian relations more broadly, which is especially crucial given the unique dynamic between these two racial groups and ongoing perception of Black-Asian conflict.