Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Healthy Lifestyle Among Elderly Population During Aging in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: The research explores healthy aging among elderly individuals globally and in Saudi Arabia. Factors like health services, lifestyle, and chronic diseases affecting seniors are examined. However, there is a gap in culturally relevant research, particularly in Arabic-speaking countries. This study aims to understand elderly individuals’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding healthy lifestyles for effective functional preservation in aging. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the eastern part of Saudi Arabia, specifically Al-Ahsa, from February to May 2023. The Raosoft calculator was employed to determine a sample size of at least 384 participants. The data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Regarding the associations between knowledge levels and demographics, education significantly impacts knowledge (p=0.003). Retired respondents exhibit higher knowledge (50.4%) compared to those with jobs (10.4%) (p=0.002). Smoking has a significant impact on knowledge (p=0.012). Regarding the opinions on elderly care, respondents agree on the importance of fresh fruits and vegetables (52.2%), increased protein intake (64.3%), less fat (83.5%), and regular exercise (44.3%). Supplements’ necessity is disagreed upon (95.7%). Living with family is favored (67.8%), and elderly self-management is recognized (60.9%). Significant differences are seen in fruit and vegetable consumption (p=0.001), less fat usage (p=0.000), exercise habits (p=0.000), smoking (p=0.000), and using just salt in cooking (p=0.000). Conclusion: Study findings underscore the importance of education in influencing healthy behaviors and informed choices, with education levels significantly impacting knowledge levels. Respondents’ preferences for balanced diets, exercise, and self-management reflect a positive trend toward embracing healthy aging principles. Notably, the study identifies disparities between knowledge groups in various lifestyle factors, highlighting the potential of education to drive positive changes in behaviors.
PNer: A Petri-Net-Based Model Checker for Computation Tree Logic

We develop a tool PNer, a model checker for verifying Computation Tree Logic based on Petri nets. This tool includes three parts. The first one can verify concurrent systems that are modeled by Petri nets for their properties/requirements specified by Computation Tree Logic. The second one can verify multi-agent systems that are modeled by knowledge-oriented Petri nets for their properties/requirements specified by Computation Tree Logic of Knowledge. The last one can verify real-time systems that are modeled by prioritized time-point-interval Petri nets for their properties/requirements specified by Timed Computation Tree Logic. For the first and second ones, PNer supports efficient symbolic techniques based on Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams to alleviate the state explosion problem. For the last one, PNer can quantitatively analyse time-related requirements of a real-time system, i.e., computers the minimum or maximum time bound ensuring a real-time system satisfies such a time-related requirement. In this paper we introduce PNer.
An orchestrated climate song from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and its implication on climatological processes

A climate index is a time series that quantifies the temporal evolution of a climate process in a particular region. Various climatic patterns, such as the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Arctic Oscillation, and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), have been summarized into climate indices corresponding to the respective regions; a comparison among these indices enables various further inferences. In this study, we investigated the interconnection between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans using the representative climate indices, i.e. the PDO and NAO indices, respectively. Using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and statistical analysis, it was shown that these two indices share the same long‐term oscillation phase in the low‐frequency domain, while in the high‐frequency domain, the cross‐correlation and the serial correlations of the two indices vary according to the phase of the long‐term oscillation. This implies that a certain long‐term oscillatory forcing influences both the Atlantic and Pacific regions. Three global gridded climate variables [i.e. sea‐level pressure (SLP), precipitable water (PW), and sea‐surface temperature (SST)] were studied over three different periods (i.e. the negative phase period of the long‐term oscillation centered on 1960 and the positive phase centered on 1990). The mean 11 year anomalies revealed a noticeable particular spatial pattern and opposing tendencies for these periods. Furthermore, the global spatial patterns inducing the cross‐correlation between the NAO and PDO indices and the lag‐1 auto‐correlations of the NAO index are presented. Based on the results presented in the current study, a long‐term oscillation with a 70 to 80 year cycle may exist in the Pacific and Atlantic regions simultaneously. Because the slow and cyclic long‐term oscillation can be predictable using EMD, if the same climate conditions of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans continue as the last several decades, the spatial evolution of climate variables might also be inferred according to the phase of the long‐term oscillation. Further physical study and analysis of long proxy records should help provide more conclusive results. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Renally Inappropriate Medications in the Old Population: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Adverse Outcomes, and Potential Interventions

Like most organs, the renal system decreases in function as we age. In the elderly, chronic kidney disease is common. When patients with chronic kidney disease take nephrotoxic medications, they are more likely to suffer adverse drug reactions, be hospitalized, and spend an extended period in the hospital. Calculating the renal clearance of a drug dose based on its glomerular filtration rate, or creatinine clearance, is necessary. Multiple tools are available for identifying renally inappropriate medications (RIMs). RIM prescriptions can be influenced by various factors, which vary according to the study. A higher number of medications means a higher likelihood of using RIMs. Numerous studies have investigated RIMs. The most contraindicated drug in renal insufficiency patients was a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication. A variety of interventions have been used to reduce RIM prescriptions to varying degrees of success.
Water ice sublimation-related landforms on Mars

Abstract Sublimation-related landforms are ubiquitous on Mars, especially at mid to high latitudes. This paper reviews the main landforms interpreted to form due to sublimation of subsurface ice on Mars. Pits, knobs and dissected terrains are classical landforms thought to form due to subsurface ice sublimation as observed with high-resolution imagery. Sublimation-related processes on Mars are strongly latitude dependent, with sublimation being increasingly important from high (>60°) to low latitudes (down to 25°) due to correspondingly higher mean annual temperatures. Equatorial regions (within 25° latitude) are mainly devoid of any sublimation-related landforms, reflecting an ice-free shallow subsurface. Mean temperatures and water vapour pressure strongly control the sublimation rate, but diffusion and water adsorption are fundamental and vary depending on the regolith porosity and composition, leading to variations in the theoretical depth at which water ice becomes stable. From a geomorphological point of view, this review highlights the importance of subsurface structure (fractures, layering) in the shaping of landforms and in the control of sublimation rates, in addition to usual physicochemical parameters.
The last glaciation of west-central Ellesmere Island, Arctic Archipelago, Canada

Locally abundant ice-marginal landforms lie in a 500 km long zone with a distal margin 10–60 km west of the margins of modern ice caps on central Ellesmere Island. Much of this drift belt, at the heads of the fiords, was deposited by the oscillating margin of a coalesced predecessor of the modern ice caps between 9000 and 7000 BP. The ice continued to retreat east of the present margin, and readvanced to its modern limit in a middle and late Holocene cooler climate. Unweathered but undated till and striations at the base of the drift suggest that the belt does not mark the western limit of central Ellesmere Island ice in the last glaciation. The limit lies an unknown distance downfiord; glaciers in the fiords may have floated. No reliable evidence was found for a complete ice cover of western Ellesmere Island and Eureka Sound in the last glaciation; nevertheless much of central and southern Ellesmere Island and Devon Island may have been glaciated by a regime that left few erosional or depositional landfo.
Examining the Effect Of Dependency Relations On Weibo Female Users' Media Anxiety

Social media's rapidly expanding influence has transformed modern communication paradigms and reshaped user experiences, bringing particular repercussions for psychological well-being. Against this backdrop, the psychological impact of social media usage, especially among female users, is emerging as a significant area of both academic interest and societal concern. Grounded in the Media System Dependency (MSD) theory, this study delved into the complex dynamics of users' dependence on social media. Within this theoretical framework, three primary dependency dimensions — understanding, orientation, and play — were identified. These were further delineated across personal and societal dimensions, yielding six distinct dependency factors: Self-understanding (SeU), Social Understanding (SoU), Action Orientation (AO), Interaction Orientation (IO), Solitary Play (SiP), and Social Play (ScP). The primary aim of this research was to discern the impact of these dependency relations on media-induced anxiety. To achieve this, a meticulously designed cross-sectional study was conducted, surveying 400 female users of Weibo, a leading social media platform. By employing the robust PLS-SEM methodology for data analysis, the study formulated and tested a set of hypotheses. The empirical findings clearly demonstrated that dependency relations significantly influence media anxiety. This research not only enriches the academic discourse on MSD in varied digital contexts but also sheds light on the intricate relationship between media dependency and the mental well-being of female Weibo users.
Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding the Workplace Violence at 250 Bedded Mohammad Ali Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh

Background: Workplace violence in healthcare settings is a serious problem worldwide and in Bangladesh. It is becoming more common worldwide, and the recent trends confirm a high prevalence of occupational violence against nurses and physicians [1]. The International Labor Office, International Council of Nurses, World Health Organization, and Public Services International defined workplace violence as using physical or nonphysical power against another person or group that could harm the victims physically, mentally, spiritually, sexually, morally, or socially. About 1.6 million people died worldwide due to workplace violence, and many more became injured or suffered from physical and nonphysical health problems [3]. Objective: The aim was to assess nurses' knowledge regarding workplace violence at 250 Bedded Mohammad Ali Hospital, Bogura. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study design used, and a sample size of 110 that was a purposive sampling technique followed those who met the inclusion criteria and assessed the nurses' knowledge regarding workplace violence. The study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2021. The instruments for data collection were a semi-structured questionnaire composed of two parts: Demographic variables and knowledge- based information on workplace violence. Results: The findings of the present study revealed that the highest age group, 40.91% were within 30-40 years, 86.36% were female, 4.55% were Muslim, 93.64% were married, and 47.27% were Diploma in nursing educational qualification among respondents. The average knowledge score of 68% was a good level of knowledge regarding workplace violence. It may be due to their cooperation. Conclusion: Workplace violence among nurses is a major problem in the workplace. It is also a common global problem, including Bangladesh. The major findings of 68% were good level of knowledge. The government plays an important role in minimizing workplace violence using different approaches.
Develop a retirement plan and stick to it

This study explores the relationship between financial literacy, behavior and attitude, and retire- ment savings decisions. Members of a South African tertiary institution’s retirement fund were sur- veyed and multistage multivariate regression and mediation analyses showed that developing and conforming to a retirement plan positively influenced financial attitude and behavior. This indicates that interventions should focus on the specific behaviors which drive retirement planning, rather than financial literacy in isolation. Use of formal tools such as consulting with a financial planner also increases the relative risk of successful retirement planning. This presents a tangible and linear approach towards improved financial behavior.
EEG Changes during Propofol Anesthesia Induction in Vegetative State Patients Undergoing Spinal Cord Stimulation Implantation Surgery

Objective: To compare the EEG changes in vegetative state (VS) patients and non-craniotomy, non-vegetative state (NVS) patients during general anesthesia with low-dose propofol and to find whether it affects the arousal rate of VS patients. Methods: Seven vegetative state patients (VS group: five with traumatic brain injury, two with ischemic–hypoxic VS) and five non-craniotomy, non-vegetative state patients (NVS group) treated in the Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University International Hospital from January to May 2022 were selected. All patients were induced with 0.5 mg/kg propofol, and the Bispectral Index (BIS) changes within 5 min after administration were observed. Raw EEG signals and perioperative EEG signals were collected and analyzed using EEGLAB in the MATLAB software environment, time–frequency spectrums were calculated, and EEG changes were analyzed using power spectrums. Results: There was no significant difference in the general data before surgery between the two groups (p > 0.05); the BIS reduction in the VS group was significantly greater than that in the NVS group at 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 4 min, and 5 min after 0.5 mg/kg propofol induction (p < 0.05). Time–frequency spectrum analysis showed the following: prominent α band energy around 10 Hz and decreased high-frequency energy in the NVS group, decreased high-frequency energy and main energy concentrated below 10 Hz in traumatic brain injury VS patients, higher energy in the 10–20 Hz band in ischemic–hypoxic VS patients. The power spectrum showed that the brain electrical energy of the NVS group was weakened R5 min after anesthesia induction compared with 5 min before induction, mainly concentrated in the small wave peak after 10 Hz, i.e., the α band peak; the energy of traumatic brain injury VS patients was weakened after anesthesia induction, but no α band peak appeared; and in ischemic–hypoxic VS patients, there was no significant change in low-frequency energy after anesthesia induction, high-frequency energy was significantly weakened, and a clear α band peak appeared slightly after 10 Hz. Three months after the operation, follow-up visits were made to the VS group patients who had undergone SCS surgery. One patient with traumatic brain injury VS was diagnosed with MCS-, one patient with ischemic–hypoxic VS had increased their CRS-R score by 1 point, and the remaining five patients had no change in their CRS scores. Conclusions: Low doses of propofol cause great differences in the EEG of different types of VS patients, which may be the unique response of damaged nerve cell residual function to propofol, and these weak responses may also be the basis of brain recovery
A pipeline between producer and consumer prices in Ghana: A Policy Issue

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">As prices have grown at their fastest pace in recent times, inflation has become a key concern for the macro-policy environment. In many jurisdictions, consumer prices have typically formed the basis for price stability policies. Notwithstanding, producer prices remain an important channel and must be closely watched. We utilise data on Ghana and investigate the causal links between consumer and producer inflation and assess the necessity to include producer inflation target in the monetary policy rule. Our VECM and Granger causality analyses show that consumer and producer prices exhibit very stable long-term relationship and short-term gaps between the two tend to normalise over time. The relationship between consumer and producer prices has not been a one-sided lag structure, even though producer prices lead more than lag consumer prices. We conclude that Bank of Ghana’s monetary policy design that does not distinguish between consumer and producer inflation is less problematic at the moment. </span></p>
Study of the Structural, Morphological, Strength and Shielding Properties of CuBi2O4 Films Obtained by Electrochemical Synthesis

In this research, the formation processes of CuBi2O4 films were examined using atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis methods. The films were synthesized through electrochemical deposition from sulfuric acid solutions at a potential difference of 3.5 V. The duration of film growth was set to between 10 and 90 min to assess the possibility of controlled film growth and preserve the stability of their structural properties during growth over an extended period. An analysis of the data obtained by X-ray diffraction revealed that the resulting film samples are highly ordered structures with a tetragonal CuBi2O4 phase. The results of the connection between the thickness of CuBi2O4 films and strength properties depending on the time of film deposition were obtained. The results of the shielding efficiency of low-energy γ-quanta using CuBi2O4 films were obtained.
Devonian Eustatic Events in the Western United States and Their Biostratigraphic Responses

Abstract Sixteen deepening events, of which 11 were eustatic, and six regressive episodes, of which 3 were eustatic, acted as primary controls on Devonian sedimentation and biotic changes in the Western United States. Many stratigraphic unit boundaries, especially within limestone sequences, resulted from the eustatic rises, and widespread unconformities were produced by eustatic falls. Eustatic efficacy evidently was a highly significant control on bio-events and caused diversity changes, macrofaunal biofacies shifts, and local and worldwide extinctions. An Early Devonian (pesavis Zone) regression, which is here considered as the first intra-Devonian eustatic fall, dramatically changed brachiopod biofacies (also called faunal realms). Late Devonian eustatic falls just before the close of the Frasnian and Famennian Stages presaged worldwide extinctions in conodonts and macrofaunas.
Reflecting on literacy and numeracy progress measures for Māori, Pasifika, New Zealand Pākehā and Other ethnicities for the period 2012-2014 at Waikato Institute of Technology (Wintec)

In this report, we outline the data-processing we undertook to replicate the TEC’s (2012) LNAT algorithm for calculating statistically significant reading and numeracy gain for students in the institute’s Student Data Return (SDR) files for the period 2012-2014. Using the Pre/Post Score category coding, we selected these students from the full data set referred to in Sub-report 1 (Greyling, 2015a) on patterns of LNAT use at the institute for the period 2011-2014. Our main aim, however, was to use a repeated measures analysis which required a time-intensive process of coding to convert the data sets 1 and 2 (See Sub-report 1) (Greyling, 2015a) into a multivariate layout (Kinnear & Gray, 2011: 22-23; Tredoux, 2002: 317). Using Reder’s (2012) view that significant literacy development occurs over a period of approximately 5 to 6 years, we then argued that time lapse could be used as a variable in the calculations. We reasoned that somehow the time in between initial and progress assessments could be used to differentiate between learners with short (say, semester-long) and longer periods of exposure (say, 18 months under the sequence concept) to literacy development (which would also be affected by natural growth and a host of other variables). We argued that we could work with a proportion of a base period, and to this end, we selected two periods (scenario 1 = 4 years; and scenario 2 = 5 years) that fell within Reder’s (2012) claim of 5-6 years as a realistic period to record LN development; and another which was the optimum period suggested by Reder (2012), plus 1 year (scenario 3 = 7 years). These were the denominators in the fraction, with numerators representing the time lapse between assessments. Then, for each scenario, we modified the TEC (2012) algorithm to include the term (expressed as a proportion of gain score required to achieve statistically significant gain). Our results showed that for a 5-year base period, approximately 70% of students could be deemed to have achieved statistically significant gain. This approach, we concede, is contentious, and was labelled a contestable form of statistical extrapolation by the second reviewer of the research. We report the details, and remain convinced that somehow time lapse should be accommodated in LNAT progress calculations. Alternatively, we recommend that a Gain Index for different course durations and TEC funds be developed, based on 5 years of longitudinal data available in the LNAT.
Anthocyanin-Rich Butterfly Pea Petal Extract Loaded Double Pickering Emulsion Containing Nanocrystalline Cellulose: Physicochemical Properties, Stability, and Rheology

Butterfly pea petal extract (BPE)-loaded water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions were fabricated using nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) as a hydrophilic stabilizer and polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) as a hydrophobic emulsifier. The impact of different concentrations of NCC and PGPR in different phase proportions on the emulsion formation, rheology, and stability of an anthocyanin-loaded (pH ≈ 7.0) emulsion was investigated. The mean droplet size of the emulsions increased as the NCC concentration increased, while color intensity (greenness) decreased as the PGPR and NCC concentrations increased. A microscopic examination confirmed that the NCC nanoparticles stabilized the inner W1/O phase, whereas the excess concentration of non-adsorbing NCC nanoparticles was suspended in the continuous aqueous phase. The rheological results showed that robust emulsion networks were formed when the NCC concentration increased. A network structure between the droplets and the development of the NCC network during the continuous phase were attributed to a gel-like behavior. Over the course of seven days, the emulsions with a higher proportion of NCC remained stable, as in samples 3%P-%N, 5%P-2%N, and 5%P@1%N, the total anthocyanin content decreased from 89.83% to 76.49%, 89.40% to 79.65, and 86.63% to 71.40%, respectively. These findings have significant implications for the accurate formulation of particle-stabilized double emulsions for anthocyanin delivery with higher stability.