Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gold-Diaphragm Based Fabry-Perot Ultrasonic Sensor for Partial Discharge Detection and Localization

Acoustic measurement is the most widely used non-electric method to detect partial discharge (PD) signals by detect the ultrasonic waves arisen from partial discharge. To solve the shortages of low sensitivity and susceptibility to interferences, a gold diaphragm based Fabry-Perot interferometer ultrasonic sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Its high acoustic sensitivity and directional insensitivity shows great capability for PD detection and localization. Experimental results illustrate a well acoustic response from 20 kHz to 150 kHz when standard ultrasonic signals applied. The frequency range covers the acoustic frequencies derived from PD process. The ultrasonic signals from a discharge source is measured by the proposed fiber optic sensor with difference distances and incident angles. The output shows an attenuation of 1.32 dB/m and the sensor can detect weak signals as far as 3 m. The directional deviation coefficients are less than 10% for each measuring distance which exhibits directional independence. Two localization techniques with a sensor array (four sensors) are proposed and simulations are carried out to verify them feasible. The fiber-optic ultrasonic sensor may have a great potential in stability maintenance of electrical power systems due to its low cost, compact structure, environmentally robustness and simple manufacturing.
Development of biofouling on salmon cage nets and the effects of anti-fouling treatments on the survival of the hydroid (Ectopleura larynx) (Ellis & Solander, 1786)

Biofouling has become a serious problem for farmers in the Norwegian finfish aquaculture industry in recent years; with the hydroid Ectopleura larynx dominating the fouling community in southwestern and mid-Norwegian waters. Most farmers in Norway use a combination of strategies to deal with fouling: the use of copper coated nets combined with washing, the use of copper coated nets combined with drying, and the use of uncoated nets combined with frequent washing. Concerns have been raised about the use of copper coatings on nets due to possible environmental threats. A better understanding of fouling patterns with depth and time; as well as the effectiveness of environmentally friendly treatments is needed. The aims of the study were to identify the temporal and depth variability of biofouling on salmon cage nets from a farm in mid-Norway. Additionally, the effect of drying on hydroid survival and the effects of environmentally friendly anti-fouling treatments on the survival of E. larynx were investigated. The first experiment was to look at the development of biofouling on salmon cage nets at 3 different depths (1, 5 and 10 m) over a six month period (June-November). The second experiment involved the drying of hydroid colonies at 6 different drying times to determine the shortest time needed to ensure complete mortality of hydroids. The third experiment was to determine the effects of washing and drying on the recovery of hydroid colonies, using 5 different treatments; after which hydroids were allowed to recover for a two week period and analysed. The results showed that the major fouling groups were algae, molluscs, hydroids, crustaceans and bryozoans, with hydroids becoming abundant from August onwards. Hydroids began to completely colonise the nets from 10 m in September and then completely colonized the nets at all three depths in October and November. 48 hours of air drying caused a complete mortality of hydroids. Dead hydroids shed their hydranths and cut or damaged hydroids were capable of regeneration. Nets which had hydroids removed, damaged or cut by the washing process had the highest percentage growth increase after a two week recovery period. This study demonstrated that fouling communities differ with depth and time but are driven by some ecological interactions, and that, a combination of washing and then killing of hydroids with hot water; or washing and then drying can help farmers deal effectively with fouling. Further research into the feasibility of these on an industrial scale is recommended.
Modeling hydro-climatic changes of evapotranspiration over a semi-arid river basin of India

Parametric models of actual evapotranspiration (AET) based on precipitation (P) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) are region-specific and purely climate-induced and limited to represent the hydrological water balances. Basin-averaged model parameters considering P, AET, and runoff (R) using a machine learning algorithm, ensemble regression model, is proposed. Hydrologically calibrated model parameters allowed the study of AET under alterations of water use for current and for future scenarios under climate change. The effect of climate, water, and land use changes on AET was studied for the post-change period of 2004–2014 compared to pre-change period of 1965–2003 over Krishna river basin (KRB), India. The AET has increased under climate and water use changes while there is both increase and decreases of AET under land use changes for post-change period compared to pre-change period over the basin. Severe water shortages were estimated under pronounced increase of temperature (1.29 C) compared to precipitation increase (2.19%) based on Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) projections for the period 2021–2060. Hydrologically induced AET changes were more pronounced than climate for current climate; whereas climateinduced AET changes were found to be more prominent for projected climate signals over the basin. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits copying and redistribution for non-commercial purposes with no derivatives, provided the original work is properly cited (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). doi: 10.2166/wcc.2020. 173 om http://iwaponline.com/jwcc/article-pdf/12/2/502/865560/jwc0120502.pdf er 2021 S. Rehana (corresponding author) G. Sireesha Naidu N. T. Monish U. Sowjanya Lab for Spatial Informatics, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad 500032, India E-mail: rehana.s@iiit.ac. in
Effect of botanically diverse pastures on themilk fatty acid profiles in New Zealanddairy cows

Botanically diverse pastures are commonly used in New Zealand to reduce the ruminant environmental impact by reducing the methane production from the rumen digestion. In order to evaluate the effects diverse pasture species have on the milk fatty acid profile seventy-two lactating Friesian-Jersey crossbred dairy cows were used in a randomised block design with two replicates of six treatments. Six different pasture mixtures were fed at a daily allowance of approximately 15 kg DM/cow/day. The mixtures were categorised as either a simple or a diverse pasture. The simple mixtures all contained white clover with the addition of either a standard diploid perennial ryegrass (RG), a diploid high sugar ryegrass (HS) or tall fescue (TF). The three diverse mixtures included each of the simple mixtures with the addition of either chicory, plantain, prairie grass and red clover (RGD), chicory, plantain and big trefoil (HSD), or chicory, plantain, prairie grass and lucerne (TFD). Milk samples were collected and the fatty acid profile was analysed using Fatty Acids Methyl Esters (FAME) analysis. The proportion (g/100g of milk fat fatty acids) of linoleic and linolenic acid increased while the proportion of cis-9, trans-11 C18:2 (CLA) decreased in milk from cows grazing the diverse pastures compared to cows fed the simple pastures. These changes were probably associated with a shift in the rumen microbial population or rumen metabolic routes caused by several secondary metabolites present in some plants, e.g. herbs and legumes. As a consequence the lipolysis and biohydrogenation decreased, resulting in an increased rumen outflow of linoleic and linolenic acid. These assumptions are based on the reported effects of secondary metabolites on rumen methanogenesis. The results of this study suggest that it is possible to change the milk fatty acid profile through inclusion of diverse plant species in the pastures which provides opportunities to change the fatty acid composition to become more beneficial from a human health perspective.
Identification of Fungal Pathogens of Mango and Soursop Fruits Using Morphological and Molecular Tools and Their Control Using Papaya and Soursop Leaf and Seed Extracts

Fruit and vegetable products are susceptible to the attack of fungi during postharvest handling. Chemical fungicides are the most commonly used technique to control fungal diseases. However, an alternative product is the use of plant extracts, which have been reported in in vitro and in vivo conditions. The objective of this investigation was to identify one of the main pathogens of mango and soursop fruits using morphological and molecular tools as well as to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory effect of papaya and soursop leaf and seed extracts. Two pathogens were isolated and identified by their morphological and molecular characteristics from mango and soursop fruits. We obtained extracts from leaves and seeds of soursop and papaya using five solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, acetone, ethanol, methanol, and water) through the ultrasound-assisted extraction technique at a frequency of 35 kHz and 160 W for 14 min. In vitro evaluations of the extracts were performed using the Kirby–Bauer technique. The extracts with the highest percentage of inhibition were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using standardized techniques of colorimetry and spectrophotometry. Furthermore, we determined the content of total phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, and saponins. As a result, we identified the pathogens as Colletotrichum fructicola and Nectria haematococca. Aqueous extracts (water as a solvent) showed a higher percentage of inhibition of both pathogens compared with the other extracts. Furthermore, the aqueous extract of papaya leaf was the most effective among all extracts. The aqueous papaya leaf extract exhibited a percentage of inhibition of 49.86% for C. fructicola and 47.89% for N. haematococca. The aqueous extracts of papaya leaf and seed (AqEPL and AqEPS) presented the greatest amount of metabolites (except anthraquinones and coumarins). The aqueous soursop leaf extract (AqESL) presented the greatest amount of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids (219.14 ± 8.52 mg GAE/L, 159.84 ± 10 mg GAE/g dm and 0.13 ± 1.12 × 10−4, respectively). The aqueous soursop seed extract (AqESS) had the highest saponin content with 1.2 ± 0.1 mg QSES/g dm and the papaya leaf accusative extract (AqEPL) had the highest alkaloid content (6.413 ± 1 × 10−3 mg AE/g dm) compared with the other extracts. The AqESS had a lower content of secondary metabolites (sterols, alkaloids, and saponins), while AqESL showed no presence of alkaloids and coumarins.
Prevention of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Human Kidney Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Context: Using the marginal and expanded criteria organs increases the risk of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), which remains unavoidable concerning issue after kidney transplantation (KT). While numerous trials have tested novel pharmaceutical approaches on animal models, little attempt has been made to assess the reproducibility of those results in the human setting. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and abstract existing prophylactic strategies performed to reduce the risk of IRI after KT in human clinical trials. Evidence Acquisition: A comprehensive search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index Expanded to detect relevant clinical trials until January 1, 2019. Two independent reviewers assessed the study eligibility, abstracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias. The prevention strategies in the included studies were categorized by one urologist. The fixed or random-effects model was selected based on the level of heterogeneity between studies in each category. The Cochran Q-test and I2 statistics were used to quantify the level of heterogeneity. The risk ratio (RR) of the delayed graft function (DGF) was calculated as the summary effect size of the primary outcome. Results: A total of 33 randomized controlled trials (31,334 patients) were categorized into seven groups based on the preventive hypotheses. Significant effects on DGF were observed in favor of the machine perfusion organ storage (RR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.7 to 0.76; I = 0%) and use of antioxidant agents (RR = 0.6; 95% C = 0.46 to 0.78; I = 33%). There were no significant effects by innate inhibitors (RR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.6 to 1.23; I = 58%), anti-inflammatory agents (RR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.62 to 1.19; I = 0%), calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) (RR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.3 to 1.49; I = 76%), conditioning (RR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.59 to 1.16; I = 16%), and donor management techniques (RR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.64 to 1.2; I = 57%). Conclusions: This review supports the use of machine perfusion organ storage and administration of antioxidant agents. However, the clinical application of innate inhibitors, anti-inflammatories, CCBs, conditioning, and donor management techniques needs further investigations in large scales (PROSPERO number: CRD42019132985).
Histopathological study of ovarian tumors in a tertiary care center

Introduction: Ovary is a complex structure and its neoplasms show a wide spectrum of histological types and clinical behavior. The present study was done with the aim of studying the histopathological pattern of ovarian tumors in women of various age groups. Ovarian tumors represent about 30% of all cancers of the female genital system. Ovarian tumor is the seventh leading cause of cancer death. Ovarian tumors are often difficult to detect until they are advanced in stage or size, as symptoms are vague and insidious. An accurate and early diagnosis of malignant lesions will go a long way in the optimal management of these cases. Aims and Objectives: To determine the frequency of different histological types of ovarian tumors in a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study included 150 cases of histopathologically proven ovarian tumors, reported in the Sree Mookambika Institute of medical sciences, over a one and half year period (January 2018 to June 2019). These were classiﬁed according to the WHO classiﬁcation of ovarian tumors. Clinical presentation of the patients was analyzed from archived case records. Results: Of 150 cases of ovarian tumors, 138 masses were unilateral (92%) and 12 were bilateral (8%). Benign neoplastic lesions were 58.7%, and malignant was 2%. In benign neoplastic, the most common neoplasm was serous cystadenoma followed by mucinous cystadenoma In malignant, the current study had 2 cases of mucinous cystadenoma with borderline malignancy and 1 case was serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma Conclusion: A more detailed prospective study include genetic profiling, to establish the reason for this low incidence of malignant lesions
Effect of Maternal Folate Deficiency on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, and Serum Parameters of Broiler Offspring

In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of maternal folate deficiency on the production performance and serum parameters of broiler offspring. The 120 healthy female broilers (30-week-old) were randomly allotted into two groups. The groups were either fed a basal diet supplemented with 2.0 mg/kg folate (NF) or basal diet (FD). The experiment lasted 12 weeks, and 120 fertilized eggs were collected from each group for hatching. In total, 80 chicks were selected from each group and fed under the same conditions. No significant difference was observed in the average daily feed intake, average daily gain, and feed to gain ratio of 21- and 42-day-old broilers between NF and FD groups (P>0.05). Moreover, slaughter performance of 21- and 42-day-old broiler offspring were not affected by the maternal FD. The subcutaneous fat thickness at the age of 21 days increased significantly by maternal FD (P<0.01); however, there was no significant difference between the two groups at 42 days of age (P>0.05). Similarly, no significant differences were detected in the intermuscular fat width, lipid percentage in the liver, breast muscle, and thigh muscle between the NF and FD groups at 21- and 42-days of age (P>0.05). Serum concentrations of MTHFR, DHFR, LEP, IGF2, LPL and HCY in the 21-day-old broilers were not affected by maternal FD (P>0.05), but those of HSL at 21 days of age was enhanced by maternal FD (P<0.05). These findings indicated that maternal folate deficiency had no influence on production performance, slaughter performance, most fat traits of 21- and 42-day-old broiler offspring, and serum parameters of 21-day-old broiler offspring except HSL.
Synthesis and characterization of copper oxide nanoparticles using Brassica oleracea var. italic extract for its antifungal application

Green synthesis has emerged as a reliable, sustainable and ecofriendly protocol for synthesizing a wide range of nanomaterials and hybrid materials. In this paper, we report the synthesis of Copper oxide nanoparticles by a simple biological route using the extract of Brassica oleracea var. italic and copper (II) acetate as the metal precursor. The synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, FESEM, EDAX, and XRD techniques. UV –Visible analysis shows a characteristic peak around 220 nm for copper oxide nanoparticles. FTIR spectroscopy was used to characterize various capping and reducing agents present in the plant extract responsible for nanoparticle formation. The surface morphology was characterized using FESEM. The EDAX and XRD pattern suggested that prepared copper oxide nanoparticles were highly pure. The average particle size was calculated as 26 nm using the XRD technique. Further, the nanoparticles were found to exhibit the highest antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Candida Albicans.
The Role of the Leu28Pro Polymorphic Marker of the APOE Gene in Progression Diabetic Nephropathy

The aim o f this study was to study 129 patients with type 2 diabetes and 110 healthy people to determine whether the Leu28Pro polymorphic markers o f the APOE gene are associated with the development o f diabetic nephropathy (DN). Patients in the main group: 65 patients with a disease duration o f up to 10 years, without diabetic nephropathy (33 patients) and with diabetic nephropathy (32 patients), 64 patients with diabetes lasting more than 10-20 years, with no diabetic nephropathy (31 patients) and diabetic nephropathy (33 patients). Genotyping was carried out by polymerase chain reaction. The study showed that the association o f the Pro allele and the Leu/Pro genotype o f the ENOS3 gene play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the studied Uzbek nation.
Learning Spectral-Spatial Prior Via 3DDNCNN for Hyperspectral Image Deconvolution

Hyperspectral image (HSI) deconvolution is an ill-posed problem aiming at recovering sharp images with tens or hundreds of spectral channels from blurred and noisy observations. In order to successfully conduct the deconvolution, proper priors are required to regularize the optimization problem. However, handcrafting a good regularizer may not be trivial and complex regularizers lead to difficulties in solving the optimization problem. In this paper, we use the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to decompose the optimization problem into iterative subproblems where the prior only appears in a denoising subproblem. Then a 3D denoising convolutional neural network (3DDnCNN) is designed and trained with data for solving this problem. In this way, the hyperspectral image deconvolution is then solved with a framework that integrates the optimization techniques and deep learning. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method with several blurring settings in both quantitative and qualitative comparisons.
Isolation and identification of the hemorrhagic septicemia pathogen from Amur sturgeon, Acipenser schrenckii

Summary A strain of bacteria was isolated from the spleen tissue of moribund Amur Sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) which suffered from a hemorrhagic septicemia disease. An experimental infection model was established fulfilling the Koch’s postulate. In the initial artificial infection test and the regressive infection test the typical disease symptoms were experimentally reproduced by intraperitoneal injection with isolated bacterium suspension. These symptoms were identical with those observed in naturally infected fish. The result of the infection test showed the lethal dose that killed 50% of the exposed individuals (LD50) was 1.17 × 107 cfu ml−1. Considering the results of the Gram’s staining, VITEK Bacterial Automatic Identification System, sequencing of 16S rDNA gene and phylogenetic analysis, the isolated pathogen was identified as Aeromonas hydrophila. The test on the susceptibility to antibiotics revealed that the isolated pathogen was sensitive to sensitive to Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, etc., and were resistant to Ampicilin, Sulbactam, Cefazolin, etc.
Physical characteristics and match performances in women’s international versus domestic-level football players: a 2-year, league-wide study

ABSTRACT Objective This study examined the role of physical qualities and physical match performances in distinguishing between elite performance levels in women’s football. Methods Over a two-season period (2016–2017), a league-wide study was conducted in which physical qualities and match external loads were collected in all players (n = 220) competing in the National Women’s Soccer League (NWSL) in the USA. During the first week of each pre-season, the standing broad jump, 30 m sprint, and the 30–15 intermittent fitness test were conducted under standardized conditions. In each competitive league fixture (3,268 individual match observations), 10 Hz GPS data were collected in all players who completed full matches and playing position was categorized. Total distance, and the distances covered above high (≥12.5 km h–1), very-high(≥19.0 km h–1), and sprinting velocities (≥22.5 km h–1) were used to quantity match physical performances. Players were further categorized as international (INT) or domestic-level (DOM) players according to their country’s squad selections during each season. Results There were few meaningful differences between INT and DOM players for either physical qualities or physical match performances. Conclusion Whilst physical qualities and match performances may impact upon performance outcomes, they generally do not distinguish between performance levels in elite women’s football.