Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Communication Design or Graphic Communication Design: Demystifying the Impending Controversy

The phrase ‘Graphic Design’ has been the adopted name for the branch of Visual Art that combines text, illustration and other visual elements to communicate messages. This name has reigned for decades, however, since the emergence of the digital revolution and the information age, different names have been adopted to replace the popular name graphic design. The adaptation of the new names has sparked controversy in the fraternity across the world, and these ideological positions have created confusion among people outside the profession regarding a definite name for the profession. In this paper, the researchers who are part of the fraternity and in academia sought the views and opinions of graphic design tutors in senior high schools in the Cape Coast metropolis in the Central Region of Ghana on the controversy through questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, and a total of 10 graphic design tutors were used. The data was analysed and discussed using quasi qualitative-analytical approaches. The findings revealed that, there are diverse entrenched opinions of people in the controversy which does not suggest a possibility of compromise to adopting a definite name soon. To indicate their position in the argument, the researchers employed critical thinking and inductive reasoning to examine the facts that emerged from the views of the tutors discussed, and the findings from the analytical review, and concluded on what they believe should be the appropriate name for the programme. Keywords: Graphic Design, Communication Design, Visual Communication Design and Graphic Communication Design. DOI: 10.7176/ADS/86-04 Publication date: October 31 st 2020
Cleaning and disinfection procedures in the dairy industry during COVID-19

The pandemic caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) spread to Serbia in March 2020, causing a large-scale outbreak of infection in humans and more than 200 human deaths in two months. Although data on the epidemiology, virology, clinical features, treatment and prevention of this severe respiratory syndrome (COVID-19) are still incomplete, it is certain that the main mode of transmission of the virus is from person to person, through respiratory droplets as the primary transmission route. To date, the World Health Organization has no evidence to suggest that the virus can be transmitted through food, but human infection due to direct contact with contaminated surfaces, tools, equipment and other objects cannot be excluded. The application of good hygiene and manufacturing practices is the most important control measure against this causative agent, primarily involving appropriate employee protection, continuous monitoring of movement and entry restrictions for people and means of transport, and proper targeted sanitation. The choice and use of disinfectants, mostly peroxide, ethanol and hypochlorite based compounds, ensure proper protection of people and an undisturbed production cycle in the food industry in general, and in the dairy industry in particular.
Influence of the Entrance Configuration on the Performance of a Non-Mechanical Solid Feeding Device for a Pneumatic Dryer

The solids feeder is an important component of a dryer, since it is responsible for introducing the moist material at controlled, specified rates. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of solids feeding configuration on the fluid dynamic behavior of a 53-mm-diameter vertical pneumatic conveyor with a loop of 180°, aiming at further applications in drying granular materials. A non-mechanical solid feeding system constituted by a hopper connected to an inclined pipe was applied to feed type D particles in the conveying line. This simple feeding apparatus was modified through the insertion of different flow restriction devices at the air inlet, namely a reduction nozzle and a Venturi device. This was aimed at studying how the solids flow rates and the fluid dynamics of the whole conveying line are affected by the entrance configuration and inlet devices. The use of inlet devices combined with the non-mechanical inclined valve affected significantly the performance of the valve when operating with type D particles in a pneumatic conveying line. When using inlet devices, an increase in the conveyed solid flow rates at a given air velocity was observed. The reduction nozzle yielded a range of solids loading ratios similar to that of the inclined valve with no inlet device, and introduced some pressure instabilities at the entrance region. The Venturi device allowed operation at a wider range of solids loading ratios and no pressure instability was detected in the conveying line. For the conditions investigated, neither the gas velocity nor the loading ratio affected the extent of entrance length. The inlet devices may be successfully applied to modify and improve the performance of the inclined valve as a solids feeder in pneumatic dryers.
Deliquescence, efflorescence, and supercooling of ammonium sulfate aerosols at low temperature: Implications for cirrus cloud formation and aerosol phase in the atmosphere

Motivated by the roles which tropospheric aerosols play in cloud formation processes and heterogeneous chemistry, low-temperature phase transitions of submicron-sized (NH4)2SO4 aerosols have been directly observed using Fourier transform infrared extinction spectroscopy. In particular, deliquescence relative humidities have been measured down to 254 K and efflorescence points to 238 K. In agreement with previous studies, it was observed that solid particles deliquesced at the thermodynamic value, whereas efflorescence of aqueous aerosols did not occur until a substantially lower relative humidity was reached. By observing the formation of spectral features due to ice, the same apparatus was used to monitor freezing of supercooled, micron-sized aerosol particles over a composition range from 0 to 49 weight percent (wt%) (NH4)2SO4. The freezing of pure water aerosols occurred at 39 deg of supercooling, i.e., at a temperature of 234 K, in good agreement with the literature value. Ammonium sulfate aerosols exhibited significantly less than 39 deg of supercooling when referenced to the equilibrium freezing line. These results indicate that ammonium sulfate aerosols will promote cirrus cloud formation in the upper troposphere at higher temperatures and lower relative humidities than previously believed.
A Sensitivity Analysis on the Impact of Regional Trade Agreements in Bilateral Trade Flows

We estimate the effect of RTAs on bilateral exports by means of a gravity model analyzing its sensitivity to different specifications and methods. RTAs generate a sizable positive effect. However, shifting to country-pair and time-varying fixed effects systematically reduces coefficients. Nevertheless, the RTA effect is consistent across methods and specifications. The RTA effect attributable to particular trade agreements displays high variability. While most RTAs increase trade, others present non-significant or negative results. We apply robustness checks to individual RTA estimates by presenting PPML time-invariant fixed effects and next to these, country-pair and time-varying fixed effects estimates. Thus, 38.2% of RTAs are positive and significant in both specifications. RTAs trade creation effects tend to prevail over trade diversion effects.
Preparation of uniform Bi2S3 nanorods using xanthate complexes of bismuth(III)

Orthorhombic Bi2S3 nanorods were synthesized via hydrothermal treatment from a novel kind of single-source precursors, the adducts of Bi(S2COR)3 [R = sec-butyl] with neutral ligands (pyridine [C5H5N] or 1,10-phenanthroline [C12H8N2]). The decomposition of the complex [Bi(S2COC4H9)3(C5H5N)2] (1) produces Bi2S3 nanorods with diameters in the range of 20−35 nm and lengths of hundreds of nanometers. The nanodispersed Bi2S3 in dichloromethane maintains a long-term stability and shows a blue shift on the optical band edge with a band gap Eg ≈ 1.67 eV. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies reveal that the Bi2S3 nanorods are oriented in a [001] growth direction.
Integrating Signals With High Sampling Rates for Transmission Line Protection in Digital Substations

Travelling wave based protection functions require significantly higher sampling rates than protection functions based on time-domain superimposed quantities or fundamental frequency phasors. Integrating these high sampling rates in digital substations leads to a significant increase of the communication load of process-level networks and causes high computational cost for centralized protection systems. This paper builds on a distributed signal processing approach, which allocates the filtering operations among standalone merging units (SAMU). In particular, the paper presents a decimation filter design to integrate signals with high sampling rates at the process-level. Thereby, signal sequences with high, medium and low sampling rates are provided according to the requirements of the respective protection function. The decimation filter structure is optimized with respect to time delay by the Remez exchange algorithm and with respect to computational cost by a multistage approach and a sparse filter design algorithm. In addition, the filter response is verified against the accuracy constraints defined in IEC 61869-6 and IEC 61869-13. The paper shows that it is feasible to distribute the filtering operations among SAMUs, while keeping the time delay below the maximum allowable processing delay of 2 ms.
Misturas binárias e ternárias de gorduras hidrogenadas e óleo de soja

Na formulacao de produtos gordurosos, e comum a mistura de oleos e gorduras, para se alcancar as especificacoes do produto final. As interacoes que ocorrem entre os triacilglicerois nas misturas promovem alteracoes nas propriedades fisicas das gorduras. Comparado as tecnicas tradicionais, os experimentos planejados poupam tempo e recursos, identificam pontos otimos verdadeiros, e permitem que os efeitos das variaveis individuais ou interacoes entre elas sejam determinados. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar interacoes que ocorrem em misturas binarias e ternarias de duas gorduras hidrogenadas (FATGILL PF38 e FATGILL PF42) e um oleo de soja, analisando suas propriedades fisicas e quimicas. Foram elaboradas 10 misturas, representadas por 3 amostras individuais, 3 misturas binarias e 4 misturas ternarias. As amostras foram analisadas quanto aos acidos graxos, indices de iodo e saponificacao, pontos de amolecimento e fusao, viscosidade cinematica, dureza e consistencia. Aplicou-se, para algumas respostas, um modelo de regressao multipla do tipo cubico especial. A analise dos resultados indicou que as interacoes entre os tres componentes nao foram significativas. A dureza dependeu apenas da gordura hidrogenada FATGILL PF42. Por outro lado, a viscosidade foi dependente dos tres componentes, enquanto os pontos de fusao e amolecimento foram decorrentes das gorduras hidrogenadas. Os coeficientes negativos para a propriedade de dureza demonstraram um efeito antagonico, caracteristico das interacoes euteticas entre gorduras. Estabeleceram-se, ainda, diagramas triangulares, onde foram indicadas curvas de nivel. Um modelo perfeito de mistura foi evidenciado para a viscosidade e pontos de amolecimento e de fusao.
A Novel Pipelined Algorithm and Modular Architecture for Non-Square Matrix Transposition

In this brief, we present a novel pipelined algorithm for transposing non-square matrices and describe the corresponding architecture for this algorithm. In particular, the architecture is composed of a series of identical cascaded basic circuits and can be controlled via a simple control strategy based on several counters. The architecture is optimal in terms of both memory and latency and it achieves the theoretical minimums. Moreover, the proposed algorithm and architecture could be easily extended to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-parallel implementations for matrix transposition. This architecture supports matrices whose rows and columns are integer multiples; it is mainly used for radix- <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2^{s} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> butterfly algorithms using matrix transpositions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed single-path architecture can reduce the computation cycles and circuit area by a factor of 9.18% and 5.87%, respectively, for a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$32\times 16$ </tex-math></inline-formula> matrix transposition computation, compared with those of a recently proposed state-of-the-art architecture for matrix transposition.
Understanding the Determinants of Young Indians Shopping Intention During Covid-19

Retail e-commerce sales in India are expected to reach $45.17 billion by 2021, and this increase in sales positively correlates with the use of mobile Internet in the country. But due to COVID-19 related measures and restrictions imposed by the authorities and the uncertainties in the market have influenced the e-commerce business. Therefore, online retailers are required to adapt the recent changes in consumer behaviour to survive in the volatile market. An extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is adopted for this study. This study analyzed 316 responses gathered from the postgraduate management students from India. Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) analysis method is adopted for model verification and analysis. The analysis of the results provides strong support for the proposed research model. Notably, the significant positive relationship between shopping attitude, shopping values and shopping intentions provide a useful insight into the Indian consumers' online shopping behaviour during COVID-19. The study provides a direction for further research in e-commerce marketing in future pandemic like situation.
Characterization of Ulva fasciata Ethanolic Extract-mediated Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of their Nephrocadiopreventive Effects in Doxorubicin-injected Wistar Rats

| The aim of this study was to assess the preventive effects of Ulva fasciata (U. fasciata) ethanolic extract and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized by this extract against nephrocardiototoxicity caused by doxorubicin in male Wistar rats. Biosynthesized AgNPs were also characterized and the constituents of U. fasciata ethanolic extract were identified. To assess the renocardiopreventive effects, male Wistar rats were orally treated with of U. fasciata ethanolic extract and its biosynthesized AgNPs (100 mg/kg body weight; 3 times/week) concurrently with intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (2.5 mg /kg body weight three days/week) for 6 weeks. Renocardiopreventive effects of U. fasciata extract and AgNPs/U. fasciata were manifested by decrease in the elevated serum levels of kidney biomarkers (creatinine, urea and uric acid) and the elevated serum activities of cardiac enzymes (CK-MB, AST and LDH) together with the improvement of kidney and heart bioindicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system as well as kidney and heart histological changes; the AgNPs/U. fasciata was more effective. In conclusion, U. fasciata extract and AgNPs/U. fasciata, which is more potent, could have preventive effect against doxorubicin-induced renocardiotoxicity in Wistar rats and this effect could be mediated, at least in part, via enhancement of the antioxidant defense system.
Stokes–Einstein violation and fragility in calcium aluminosilicate glass formers: a molecular dynamics study

A series of classical molecular dynamics simulations of calcium aluminosilicate (CAS) (CaO–Al2O3)1–x(SiO2)x melts with varying silica content x, along the CaO/Al2O3 concentration ratio R = 1, have been performed for the purpose of studying (i) the evolution of fragility with silica content and (ii) the temperature and composition evolution of self-diffusion coefficients, viscosity and α-relaxation times. Our results indicate a decrease in the fragility of the CAS systems along R = 1 from calcium aluminate to pure silica. It is found that upon cooling, the Stokes–Einstein relation breaks down at a temperature significantly higher than the critical temperature of the mode-coupling theory TC for all compositions and also above the melting point.
Myrmecology, Gender, and Geography: changing demographics of a research community over thirty years

Diversity is a driving force of innovation and creativity in scientific research. Therefore, supporting and maintaining diversity is a priority within academic communities. Gender is an important but understudied aspect of diversity in most scientific fields, including entomology. Women remain underrepresented in paid academic positions, despite the fact that nearly half of earned PhDs in science are awarded to women. With the goal of documenting contemporary demographic patterns and highlighting generational change in the global myrmecological community, we examined author gender ratios and publication rates over the past three decades, both globally and by country affiliation. Approximately one third of authors publishing about ants during 2008 2017 were women, which is similar to reported rates of their representation in other scientific fields. Over the past three decades, the total number of researchers studying ants has increased and the proportion of women authors in myrmecology has risen from 17.6% in 1987 to 27.7% in 2017. Despite this increase in representation, women publish fewer papers than men, both cumulatively and annually. This gender-specific publication gap has not diminished over the past decade. Only five women rank among the 50 authors with the greatest number of publications during the past decade. Representation of women varied among the 105 countries with which myrmecology publications were associated, and women were underrepresented in nearly all. In the 10 countries with the greatest numbers of authors and highest numbers of publications, none had a gender-ratio biased towards women. Overall, these findings describe a myrmecological community that has grown significantly over thirty years, with an increasing proportion of women. Although this trend suggests a rising generation of myrmecologists that is more gender diverse than ever before, continued lack of parity in representation of women and their productivity are areas of concern. Further examination of these issues will inform our understanding the composition of the myrmecologist community. This data-based approach is a first step toward dismantling barriers and ensuring equity for members of all genders in our next generation of researchers.
Electron Mobility and Longitudinal Diffusion Coefficient in High-Density Gaseous Xenon

Measurements of the mobility and longitudinal diffusion coefficient of electrons under external electric fields were performed in high-density gaseous xenon at room temperature. The xenon density and reduced electric field ranges were from 2.55 ×1020 to 1.73 ×1021 cm-3 and from 0.027 to 0.19 Td, respectively. The electron transport parameters of the density-normalized mobility, density-normalized longitudinal diffusion coefficient, and the ratio of the longitudinal diffusion coefficient to the mobility were found to increase with increasing density for reduced electric fields at around 0.04 Td. This result indicates the density-dependent variation of the effective momentum-transfer cross section for electron–atom scattering. It was also found that the density-dependent variations are different depending on the electron transport parameters, which can be attributed to the difference in parameter sensitivity to the momentum-transfer cross section.
Characterization and evolution of spearfishing in Madeira archipelago, Eastern Atlantic

Data obtained from licenses of spearfishers and surveys conducted in 2004 and 2017 allowed for the analysis, for the first time, of the practice of spearfishing in the Madeira archipelago. Only a small percentage of the population practices spearfishing, mostly local young men. Most of them practice the activity with a partner throughout most of the year and along most of the island's coastal areas, although preferentially along the North and Southeast coast. Results show how, in recent years, despite the population of spearfishers decreasing, the abundance in the annual catch potentially increased, probably due to the higher investment of time in this activity. It has been observed that many fishers complement their catches with manual collecting of invertebrates. Overall, 40 teleost fishes and also 4 crustaceans and 8 molluscs were identified. The most frequently captured fish species were parrotfish and white seabream, while limpets were the most collected invertebrates in both selected periods.
Rule-based Text Normalization for Malay Social Media Texts

Malay social media text is a text written on social media networks like Twitter. Commonly, this text comprises non-standard words, filled with dialects, foreign languages, word abbreviations, grammatical neglect, spelling errors, and many more. It is well known that this type of text is difficult to process due to its high noise and distinct text structure. Such problems can be resolved using rigorous text normalization, which is critical before any technique can be implemented and evaluated on social media text. In this paper, an improved normalization method towards Malay social media text was proposed by converting non-standard Malay words using a rule-based model. The method normalizes common language words often used by Malaysian users, such as non-standard Malay (like dialect and slangs), Romanized Arabic, and English words. Thus, a Malay text normalizer was proposed using a set of rules that extend across different domains of natural language processing (NLP) and is expected to address the challenges of processing Malay social media text. This study implements the proposed Malay text normalizer in a Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging application to evaluate the normalizer’s performance. The implementation demonstrates a substantial improvement in the POS tagging efficiency over several pre-processing stages, with an improvement of accuracy up to 31.8%. The increase of accuracy in the POS tagging indicates two main points. First, the Malay text normalizer’s rules improve the performance of a Malay text normalizer on social media text. Second, our proposed Malay text normalizer has successfully improved the POS tagging percentage and demonstrates the importance of normalized pre-processing in any NLP application.
Transfer of Metals from Soil to Crops in an Area near a Coal Gangue Pile in the Guqiao Coal Mine, China

A field survey was conducted to investigate the metal contamination in coal gangue, soils, and crops (rice and soybeans), and to evaluate the possible health risks to the local population through food chain transfer near a coal gangue pile in the Guqiao Coal Mine, China. Contamination levels of zinc, lead, cadmium, and copper in coal gangue, soils, and crops were measured, and bio-accumulation factors from soil to crops were determined; the health risks were calculated accordingly. Results showed that both coal gangue and soil contained high levels of cadmium (0.15 mg kg−1and 0.20 mg kg−1) exceeding the background value of the soil. The lead soil concentration was low (9.99 mg kg−1), but lead in rice (0.38 mg kg−1) exceeded the maximal permissible limit of 0.2 mg kg−1. For some tissues of crops studied, there was a significant correlation between the bio-accumulation factor values and the corresponding soil metal concentrations that were best described by a power equation. Oral intake of zinc, cadmium, and copper through crops posed no health risk to local residents, although hazard indices for rice (0.87–2.88) and soybeans (0.06–0.09) suggested that ingestion of rice grains was unsafe for human health. Therefore, rice was inappropriate to be planted in the soil surrounding this coal mine.