Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active User Detection and Channel Estimation for Massive Machine-Type Communication: Deep Learning Approach

Recently, massive machine-type communications (mMTCs) have become one of key use cases for 5G. In order to support massive users transmitting small data packets at low rates, grant-free (GF) access and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) have been suggested. Since each device transmits information without scheduling in the GF-NOMA systems, the device identification process, called active user detection (AUD), is required at the base station (BS). For the NOMA-based systems, the channel estimation (CE), an operation after the AUD, is a challenging task since multiple devices’ transmit signals and channels are superimposed in the same wireless resources. In this article, we propose a deep learning (DL)-based AUD and CE in the GF-NOMA systems. In our work, DL figures out the direct mapping between the received NOMA signal and the indices of active devices and associated channels using the long short-term memory (LSTM). From numerical experiments, we show that the proposed scheme is effective in handling the AUD and CE in the mMTC environments.
Neighborhood Collective Efficacy as a Culturally Responsive Resilience Process: A Longitudinal Study of African American Youth From Fragile Families

A reliance on informal supports and neighborhood relationships has its history within the African American community as a useful strategy for building and maintaining overall resilience. It is known that a history of systemic oppression gave rise to distinct cultural barriers to social services and resources, leading to a reliance on community to help foster success in the African American community. Thus, the notion of neighborhood collective efficacy (NCE) is assumed to be a valuable protective process to explore for African American youth. The current exploratory study utilizes multilevel growth curve modeling to examine the relationship between NCE and aspects of resilience over time. Findings reveal a significant, positive relationship and important implications for culturally responsive study and practice.
Torsional – flexural buckling strength of steel angles

Although structural steel angles have a wide variety of applications, they have not received attention comparable to that given to heavy shapes such as wide-flange sections. Because steel angles are singly symmetric or asymmetric, torsional-flexural buckling is an important mode of failure. The Canadian steel design practice for hot-rolled steel members (as given by CAN/CSA-S16.1-94) does not give a detailed procedure applicable to all sizes of steel angles. Some of the world codes applicable for steel angles specify torsional–flexural buckling check and plate buckling check to be considered simultaneously wherever applicable. The paper presents the results of an experimental investigation consisting of 34 hot-rolled steel angles under concentric compression (slenderness ratios between 50 and 150) failing in torsional? flexural buckling. The width to thickness ratios of test specimens ranged from 13 to 20. The results give a continuous spread of compressive strengths for practical ranges of slenderness par.
Steganography in RGB Images Using Adjacent Mean

Steganography is the practice of hiding information or data in a seemingly innocuous cover medium, such as message, file, image, audio, and video. In the past decades, many approaches of steganography in images were proposed for various applications. In social communication and the information highly exposed society, steganography requires high embedding capacity to transmit secret data efficiently. Generally, there is a trade-off between fidelity and embedding capacity. In this paper, we propose a novel and efficient data hiding algorithm in 24-bit color images with super high embedding capacity and acceptable peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) using spatial-domain-adjacent mean. In the proposed algorithm, the embedding rate is about 7.4 bits per pixel (bpp) when the PSNR is nearly 30, and the embedding rate is about 8.88 bpp when the PSNR is nearly 25. The advantage of the proposed method is no need to transform data in another domain and without training data. Experiments also demonstrate the imperceptibility under some state-of-art steganalysis. The proposed steganography provides an efficient way to transmit sensitive information in the information highly exposed society.
Organisational resilience and relational dynamics in triadic networks: a multiple case analysis

This study aims to analyse resilience and relational dynamics (competitive, cooperative and co-opetitive) within a triadic buyer–supplier–supplier context. Our central goal is to show how a buyer’s supplier–supplier relational behaviour leads to and shapes resilience of this triad. We utilised a multiple-design case approach and selected eight buyers and their suppliers from the textile industry in Turkey. By analysing a triadic context from another industry, we conducted validation analyses. Our findings showed a pattern of relationship between the resilience and the relational dynamics of a triad. Built on theory and insights from the cases, we proposed three propositions. We argued that when co-opetition prevails in a triadic context of relations, the triad resilience level is highest. In competitive relational settings the triad resilience level is lowest, and when the relational dynamics are cooperative, the triad resilience level is moderate. This study is the first to introduce and discuss organisational resilience at triadic level. Furthermore, to our knowledge, our insights from cases are among the first attempts to link three types of supplier–supplier relational dynamics to triad resilience via the use of a multiple-design case approach. Therefore, our contributions are likely to extend the organisational resilience and buyer–supplier–supplier relations research.
Damage Assessment of Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes for Performance-Based Design

Damage evolution of rectangular concrete-filled steel tube (RCFT) column and beam-column members as documented in experimental tests is presented in this paper. An experimental database was first constructed that included RCFT tests that were reported in detail in the worldwide literature. Based on the experimental data, appropriate damage states for RCFT members, connections, and frames were defined at different levels of loading. For each damage state, the performance of the specimens was documented quantitatively with the use of deformation-based damage functions, energy-based damage functions, and ductility functions developed in this work. The paper then documents how to use these damage measures to assess capacity of RCFT columns and beam-columns within the context of a performance-based design methodology.
Phytochemicals and Bioactivities of Syzygium filiformevar. filiforme

Syzygium filiforme var. filiforme is a plant variety from dicotyledonous plant family (Myrtaceae). Phytochemical studies on S. filiforme var. filiforme stem bark have successfully isolated and characterized arjunolic acid (1), alphitolic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), ursolic acid 3-methyl ester (5), β-sitosterol (6) and stigmasterol (7). The inhibitory activities against free radical, starch, and bacteria for major compounds were tested by using DPPH, α-glucosidase and minimum inhibitory and bacterial concentration assays, respectively. No promising antioxidant activity was shown on tested samples except methanolic crude extract. For antidiabetic activity, methanolic and dichloromethane crude extracts displayed potent activity compared to 1-deoxynojirimycin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) assays for antibacterial activity were evaluated on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. All crude extracts and major compounds displayed weak and no promising activities for MIC method, respectively. Meanwhile, for MBC method, hexane crude extract and compound 1 showed inhibition against B. subtilis.
Health aspects of active bodybuilders: monitoring by multidisciplinary team

ABSTRACT Preparation in bodybuilding involves high-intensity workouts and drastic feeding strategies. Little is known about health risks. Athletes (n=510, 59.8% male) were evaluated about health aspects, anthropometry, and blood pressure (BP). Chronic diseases were reported by 6,6%, but 88.9% of them did not treat; 1.9% reported hypertension, with 15.7% having high BP; and 52.5% reported the use of prohibited drugs in the last 6 months. Body mass index was 26.2±2.5 for man and 22.3±2.2 Kg/m2 for woman. Men had lower monitoring than women by physical education professionals, nutritionists, and physicians (p<0.01). Athletes are exposed to health risks factors such as lack of knowledge about diseases, high use of prohibited substances and less monitoring by professionals among men.
Mandibular protrusion: its influence on static balance

In orthodontics, so as to reduce a great anterior–posterior inter-maxillary overlap, we very often need to make the mandible move forward. To carry the mandible out, we must use a removable appliancewhich stimulates its development. This consequent move forward of the mandible has probably an effect on the head posture as well as on the body posture of the patient (Huggare and Raustia 1992). Thanks to the analysisof the centreoffootpressure (COP), we are going to consider the link between the changes in dental occlusion and the body general posture. We will more particularly focus on their downward influences.
The Role of Motivation in Mediating Competence and Teaching Style Against Accounting Understanding

Understanding of accounting has an important meaning both for students and for universities. The purpose of this research is to determine the direct and indirect effect of competency variables and teaching style on accounting understanding through motivation. This type of research is classified as a cause-and-effect research where this research was conducted at STIE Mahkota Tricom Unggul. As for the target population and sample in this study, they are active in the 2019-2020 school year, amounting to 112 people. Where the sampling technique is quota sampling. Where the sample in this study amounted to 112 respondents. Furthermore, the data collection technique used a questionnaire which was distributed to all samples. The questionnaire measurement scale uses the Likert scale. The results showed that competency had a positive and significant effect on motivation. Teaching style has a positive and significant effect on motivation. Competence has a positive and significant effect on accounting understanding. Teaching style has no effect on students' accounting understanding at STIE Mahkota Tricom Unggul. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on student accounting understanding at STIE Mahkota Tricom Unggul. Motivation has no role in mediating competence in accounting understanding. However, motivation has a role in mediating the teaching style of accounting understanding.
Structural Equation Modeling using Stata

In this tutorial, you will learn how to fit structural equation models (SEM) using Stata software. SEMs can be fit in Stata using the sem command for standard linear SEMs, the gsem command for generalized linear SEMs, or by drawing their path diagrams in the SEM Builder. After a brief introduction to Stata, the sem command will be demonstrated through a confirmatory factor analysis model, mediation model, group analysis, and a growth curve model, and the gsem command will be demonstrated through a random-slope model and a logistic ordinal regression. Materials and datasets are provided online, allowing anyone with Stata to follow along.
Modeling of manufacturing sensitivity and of statistically based process control requirements for a 0.18 μm NMOS device

Random statistical variations during the IC manufacturing process have an important influence on yield and performance, particularly as technology is scaled into the deep submicron regime. A simulation-based approach to modeling the impact of these variations on a 0. 18μm NMOSFET is presented. The result of this modeling is a special Monte Carlo simulation code that can be used to predict the statistical variation of key device electrical characteristics and to determine the reduction in these variations resulting from improved process control. In addition, the level of process control needed to satisfy specified statistical targets for the NMOSFET electrical performance was analyzed. Meeting these targets requires tight control of five key parameters: the gate length (optimal statistical variation is 9% or less), the gate oxide thickness (optimal statistical variation is 5% or less), the shallow source/drain extension junction depth (optimal statistical variation is 5% or less), the channel dose (optimal .
Selection of Habitat-Enhancing Plants Depends on Predator–Prey Interactions

Shallow areas of drawdown reservoirs are often devoid of adequate fish habitat due to degradation associated with unnatural and relatively invariable cycles of exposure and flooding. One method of enhancing fish habitat in these areas is to sow exposed shorelines with agricultural plants to provide structure once flooded. It remains unclear if some plants may be more suitable than others to provide effective fish habitat. To determine the fish habitat potential of various crops, we performed a replicated tank experiment evaluating the selection of agricultural plants by prey and predator fishes with and without the presence of the other. We submerged diverse treatments of potted plants in outdoor mesocosms stocked with prey and/or predator fish and monitored selection of plant species, stem density, and stem height over 0.5-h trials. Prey fish selected the densest vegetation, and selection was accentuated when a predator was present. Predators selected the second highest stem density and were more active when prey were present. Prey schooling was increased by predation risk, suggesting that cover was insufficient to outweigh the advantages of increased group size. Our data indicate that the perception of cover quality is reciprocally context dependent on predator–prey interactions for both predator and prey. Applications of the two most selected plant treatments in this study could enhance structural habitat for both predator and prey fishes in reservoirs, adding to their already reliable functionality as supplemental forage crops for terrestrial wildlife.
The Influence of Airflow Inlet Region Modifications on the Local Efficiency of Natural Draft Cooling Tower Operation

We present the influence of the cooling tower airflow inlet region modifications at the Sostanj 4 thermal power plant on cooling tower local efficiency. Local efficiency change was estimated based on temperature fields of drift eliminators before and after the reconstruction of the cooling tower. Temperature fields were measured with thermal vision method. The local reduction of cooling tower efficiency was analyzed based on phenomenological relations of heat transfer obtained from the selected vertical segment of the cooling tower. The characteristic influence that the reconstruction had on the temperature field was detected on the circumference of the cooling tower. The efficiency reduction was the highest on the periphery of the cooling tower and in particular section it peaked at 2%, while in most part of the area it was below 0.5%. The presented measurement and analysis method enables the estimation of changes in the local efficiency of heat transfer in cooling towers.
Consumption values, anxiety and organic food purchasing behaviour considering the moderating role of sustainable consumption attitude

PurposeThis study aims to identify and describe the relationships among different consumption values, anxiety and organic food purchase behaviour considering the moderating role of sustainable consumption attitude from the viewpoint of the theory of consumption values.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a structured questionnaire survey in first-tier cities in China. A total of 344 consumers of organic foods participated in the study. Structural equation modelling and hierarchical regression analysis were employed for data analysis.FindingsThe results indicated the significant association of functional value-price, emotional value, social value and epistemic value with purchase behaviour. Anxiety had a positively significant influence on functional (quality), functional (price), emotional, social, conditional and epistemic values. In addition, the results indicated that functional (price), emotional, social and epistemic values played mediating effects in the relationships between anxiety and purchase behaviour. Moreover, sustainable consumption attitude had a positive moderating effect on functional value-price and purchase behaviour.Practical implicationsThe research not only provides novel and original insights for understanding organic consumption but also provides a reference for organic retailers to develop sales strategies and policymakers to formulate policies to guide organic consumption that are conducive to promoting sustainable consumption.Originality/valueFor the first time, this research attempts to explore the relationships among different consumption values, anxiety and purchase behaviour. It may improve the gap of inconsistency in attitude and behaviour in organic consumption, and provide a new perspective for the study of organic consumption.
A Phase I/IIa Randomized Trial Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of SNK01 Plus Pembrolizumab in Patients with Stage IV Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ex vivo activated and expanded natural killer (NK) cell therapy (SNK01) plus pembrolizumab in a randomized phase I/IIa clinical trial. Materials and Methods Overall, 18 patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and a programmed death ligand 1 tumor proportion score of 1% or greater who had a history of failed frontline platinum-based therapy were randomized (2:1) to receive pembrolizumab every 3 weeks +/− 6 weekly infusions of SNK01 at either 2×109 or 4×109 cells per infusion (pembrolizumab monotherapy vs. SNK01 combination). The primary endpoint was safety, whereas the secondary endpoints were the objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival, and quality of life. Results Since no dose-limiting toxicity was observed, the maximum tolerated dose was determined as SNK01 4×109 cells/dose. The safety data did not show any new safety signals when SNK01 was combined with pembrolizumab. The ORR and the 1-year survival rate in the NK combination group were higher than those in patients who underwent pembrolizumab monotherapy (ORR, 41.7% vs. 0%; 1-year survival rate, 66.7% vs. 50.0%). Furthermore, the median PFS was higher in the SNK01 combination group (6.2 months vs. 1.6 months, p=0.001). Conclusion Based on the findings of this study, the NK cell combination therapy may consider as a safe treatment method for stage IV NSCLC patients who had a history of failed platinum-based therapy without an increase in adverse events.
Test and Analysis of Vibration Characteristic for Asphalt Pavement Energy Harvesting

The purpose of this paper is to explore the vibration characteristic of asphalt pavement with various structures for harvesting mechanical energy via finite element analysis (FEA) and analytic model. Part of energies in asphalt pavement caused by mechanical vibration can be harvested by piezoelectric transducers. In order to get more energy from pavement, the sensitivity of structure parameters such as thickness, modulus, mass and stiffness are analyzed by using semi-rigid asphalt pavement as an example. Finite element model and analytic model are established in the analysis, which are calibrated by field measurement and laboratory test. The results show that the vibration frequency of typical semi-rigid asphalt pavement is between 10 Hz and 20 Hz, which is far lower than frequency of typical piezoelectric transducers. The fundamental frequency of asphalt pavement decreases with increasing thickness and mass of surface, base and subbase. However, the fundamental frequency is increase with the modulus and stiffness of subgrade, the increment is about 23 Hz/10 MPa and 0.7 Hz/10⁶ (N/m).
Psychometric Properties of the Multidimensional Temperance Scale in Adolescents

Recent research has shown the relevance of measuring the virtue of temperance. The present study tested a multidimensional and second-order structure scale to assess temperance using a sub-scale of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for Youth (VIA-Youth). Scale properties were tested using data from a sample of 860 adolescents aged from 12 to 18 years old (M = 14.28 years, SD = 1.65). The sample was randomly split into two subsamples for model cross-validation. Using the first sample, we assessed scale dimensionality, measurement invariance, and discriminant and concurrent validity. A second sample was used for model cross-validation. Confirmatory factorial analysis confirmed the fit of one second-order factor temperance virtue model, with the dimensions of forgiveness, modesty, prudence, and self-control. The results indicate scale measurement equivalence across gender and stage of adolescence (early vs. middle). Latent means difference tests showed significant differences in forgiveness, modesty, and self-regulation by gender, and modesty according to adolescence stage. Moreover, the scale showed discriminant and concurrent validity. These findings indicate that this scale is helpful for assessing temperance in adolescents and suggest the value of temperance as a multidimensional and second-order construct.
Intention to quit smoking according to smoking preferences and perceptions of electronic cigarettes among university students in South Korea

Abstract This study aimed to alleviate unhealthy smoking habits among university students and provide the basic data necessary for public health-oriented approaches such as developing regulations and policies on electronic cigarettes by analyzing the relationship between university students’ smoking preferences, perceptions of electronic cigarettes, and intention to quit smoking. This study involved 567 college students and conducted frequency and chi-squared analyses of the general characteristics, smoking preferences, and perceptions of electronic cigarettes. This study also performed logistic regression analysis to analyze the relationship between intention to quit smoking stratified by smoking preferences and the perceptions about electronic cigarettes. SPSS version 25.0 was used for data analysis. This study showed that electronic cigarette smokers were approximately 6.4 to 10.8 times more likely to think that electronic cigarettes positively affect smoking cessation attitude than nonsmokers. This study showed that regular cigarette smokers were approximately 1.7 to 2.2 times and other smoker 3.3 to 3.9 times more likely to think that electronic cigarettes positively affect smoking cessation attitude than nonsmokers. Those who perceived harmless to the human body, capable of reducing the frequency of smoking, and less harmful than tobacco were approximately 2.6 to 2.9, 11.6 to 12.8, and 3.3 to 3.7 times more likely have intention to quit smoking, respectively. Regular health education, advertising awareness of health hazards, and public health science-oriented approaches and policies for smoking cessation support services are needed to create awareness on electronic cigarettes among university students.