Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Taxonomy and related studies on the nectrioid fungi from China

The nectrioid fungi are economically important.Taxonomic studies of the group from China at early stage and progress achieved recently were briefly reviewed,which showed a very high species diversity of the group in this country.The taxonomic studies made it possible to conduct researches on molecular systematics,as well as on DNA barcoding,of the nectriaceous fungi.As fungal natural products were concern,new compounds of potential value were discovered from an Albonectria species.
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Intestine and Protective Strategies Against Injury

The ischemia-reperfusion injury,which is called I/R,is an important problem in the surgical practices.It plays an important role in the developing of pathology,such as the small intestine transplantation,the serious infection,the wound,the shock,the cardiorespiratory functional defeat.The consequence of intestinal I/R,not only causes partial histologic lesion of intestinal mucosa,more over may cause intestinal bacteria colony shifting,changes the intestines absorption function,as well as damages to the distance organ,even leads to the multi-systems organ function defect syndrome.This article explained its mechanism and prevention measure for the past few years and hoped to provide the basis for the future clinical work.
Favorite Colors of Hummingbirds

THAT red is a highly attractive color to Hummingbirds is common knowledge among ornithologists. Any one can easily convince himself of this by experiments with red tissue paper bells, streamers of cloth hung in the bushes, or even wrapped about sticks and placed among the limbs. Coues, in' Birds of the North-west,' following Holden, tells of Hummingbirds in the Black Hills being attracted to a piece of flesh thrown into a small dead tree from a Hawk's body that was being skinned. Finding oranges and purples highly attractive to these nectarseeking birds naturally leads one to further inquiry. Living near the southern Appalachians, where we have the most remarkable mingling of biological zones in the Eastern States, I began cataloguing floral species in the vicinity of my home. About five hundred plants were tabulated of which upwards of one hundred were introductions that had become naturalized. I also ran a floral
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We thank Xu et al for their interest in our work on the role of EZH2 in lupus. We previously reported changes in T cell DNA methylation patterns that are associated with increased disease activity in lupus patients, and identified a possible role for EZH2 in inducing these pro-inflammatory epigenetic changes (1, 2). We followed this by mechanistic work in vitro that resulted in the identification of junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) as a novel important target gene dysregulated by EZH2 in lupus T cells (3).
Body Temperature in the Northern Fur Seal, Callorhinus ursinus

Statistically significant samples of the body temperature of large wild mammals are ordinarily almost impossible to obtain. In the case of the northern (Alaska) fur seal, however, a sample of almost any desired size can be secured if one uses the animals involved in the annual commercial kill. Body temperatures of fur seals are of interest not only because of the large samples available but because of the species' size (up to 600 pounds), its high degree of specialization for an aquatic mode of life, and the fact that it lives in an environment where heat stress, in the usually accepted sense, is nonexistent. For any marine mammal the problem of heat loss to the water is always acute. Even at the extreme southern limit of the northern fur seal's winter range the difference between body temperature and environmental temperature is 20°C. or more. During much of their aquatic existence many of the adults operate in waters averaging only a few degrees above zero C. The insulation of hair and blubber necessary for the maintenance of body temperature while in the water presents a considerable physiological problem when the animals participate in violent and prolonged activities on shore during the breeding season, even though their rookeries in the Pribilof Islands are characterized by almost continuous summer overcast and air temperatures rarely rising above 12°C. Acknowledgments . —This work was carried out in the Pribilof Islands during the summer of 1951 in collaboration with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service under the general sponsorship of Dr. Victor B. Scheffer. Mr. Clarence Olson and Mr. Charles H. Anderson made available the facilities of St. Paul Island and gave every possible cooperation. Mr. Karl Kenyon assisted in obtaining the temperatures from the pups and from some of the adult bulls and cows. Methods …
Corpora lutea number as related to fisher age and distribution in Maine

on 9 September 1952. She was recovered on 14 February 1953 7.2 km from the release site. Follman (1973) radiotracked five juvenile gray foxes (three females, two males) and none moved off his study areas. He suspected low gray fox densities in his area contributed to the apparent lack of dispersal. The present study suggested that dispersal starts in October and that there was a tendency for more males than females to disperse and for them to move farther.
TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILING ON TREES AFFECTED BY CITRUS BLIGHT AND IDENTIFICATION OF AN ETIOLOGICAL CONTRAST POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE DISEASE

of Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILING ON TREES AFFECTED BY CITRUS BLIGHT AND IDENTIFICATION OF AN ETIOLOGICAL CONTRAST POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE DISEASE By Eduardo Fermino Carlos August 2004 Chair: Dr. Gloria A. Moore Cochair: Dr. Kenneth S. Derrick Major Department: Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Citrus blight is an important citrus disease in Florida (USA) and São Paulo (Brazil), primarily affecting yield in adult plants and compromising maintenance of entire commercial blocks. Blight is associated with rootstock choice, but, at present, is of unknown etiology. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify differentially transcribed genes and uncover etiological contrasts under non and citrus blight conditions. Roots of healthy and blighted Rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush) rootstock supporting Valencia sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck cv. Valencia) canopy were collected from a central Florida area. Total RNA was obtained and RT-PCR was performed enriching for messenger transcripts. Subtracted cDNA libraries were created and around 140 clones were arrayed onto nylon membranes. Independent RNA sources from feeder roots of ten healthy and ten blighted trees were labeled with P33, hybridized overnight with the membranes and analyzed under an imager system. Selected clones
Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction by Vincetoxicum pumilum Decne. on HL-60 and K562 Leukemic Cell Lines

Background: Phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids have been isolated from many species of Vincetoxicum. These alkaloids show promising anti-cancer activity and are a current topic of interest. Objectives: The inhibition of cell viability by dierent extracts of V. pumilum was measured in vitro in HL-60 and K562 human leukemic cancer cell lines and in freshly-isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes as a normal cell line. Materials and Methods: Using resazurin staining, cell viability was measured. In addition, the presence of apoptotic cells was determined using propidium iodide (PI) staining of DNA fragments (sub-G1 peak). Employing western blot analysis, levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and PARP cleavage were measured. Results: The CH2Cl2 fraction of V. pumilum showed a potent dose-related inhibitory eect on cell viability. The CH 2Cl2 fraction showed IC50 values of 8.3 and 12.5 g/mL in the K562 and HL-60 cell lines, respectively. A sub-G1 peak in the flow cytometry histograms of treated cells induced by the CH2Cl2 fraction suggested an induction of apoptosis. Further, both the parent methanol extract and its CH2Cl2 sub-fraction increased the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and of cleaved PARP in the cells. Conclusions: Collectively, the V. pumilum extracts showed remarkable cytotoxic activity and merit further investigation as anti- cancer agents.
Individual Variation in the Duration of Pregnancy and Birth Date in Antarctic Fur Seals: The Role of Environment, Age, and Sex of Fetus

The duration of 506 pregnancies in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazelld) was measured 1983–1993. On average, pregnancy lasted 359 days, with a range of 340–390 days, representing 20% of the period of post-implantation fetal growth. Pregnancy was longest and birth dates latest in years associated with reduced availability of food. Sex of fetus and birth mass had no effect on the duration of pregnancy or date of birth. However, dates of parturition tended to be consistent within individuals.
Interactions between invasive ctenophores in the Black Sea: assessment of control mechanisms based on long-term observations

Invasion of the carnivorous ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Black Sea in the 1980s disrupted the ecosystem, which started to recover with the arrival of the predatory ctenophore Beroe ovata in 1997. We used the results of 25 yr of field observations and experiments in the northeastern Black Sea to assess 3 hypotheses that should explain most of the population dynamics of M. leidyi and B. ovata. The first hypothesis is that since its arrival, B. ovata has controlled the period of the year during which M. leidyi was present in sizable concentrations. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that M. leidyi abundance was sizable almost yearround (spring, summer, autumn) before the arrival of B. ovata but was sizable only for a period of 1.3 to 3.1 mo (mostly summer) after its arrival. The second hypothesis is that the same sequence of predator−prey mechanisms that led B. ovata to shorten the duration of a sizable M. leidyi population occurred every year irrespective of interannual environmental variability. This is supported by the repetition of the same reproductive sequences of the 2 ctenophores yearly since 1999 despite differences in environmental factors. The third hypothesis (i.e. environmental conditions influenced the joint abundances of the 2 species) is supported by the observed covariability between the 2 species every year. Experimental and field results identified temperature, food and wind as the key factors influencing M. leidyi, which suggested that the interannual environmental variations that affect M. leidyi abundance cause proportional changes in B. ovata abundance. Some aspects of these hypotheses have been previously examined in the literature, but this is the first study in which they are assessed using a consistent set of data.
Dynamics of marine pelagic bacterial communities on the Texas-Louisiana shelf

Dynamics of Marine Pelagic Bacterial Communities on the Texas-Louisiana Shelf. (December 2006) Erin Colleen Anitsakis, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Richard A. Long Microbial community interactions within many ecosystems are still relatively unknown. Investigating links between environmental dynamics and shifting pelagic bacterial community structures on the Texas-Louisiana shelf, Eubacterial community profiles of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were generated using Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA) of the 16S rDNA and 23S rDNA intergenic spacer region. This ITS region is highly variable in both length and sequence. Community diversity was assessed by the comparison of ARISA-generated community fingerprints of samples collected from four distinct regions along the Texas-Louisiana shelf in a cross-shelf pattern on 10m, 20m, and 40m isobaths. Incubations of samples with a thymidine analog, 5-Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), allowed for the isolation and analysis of the actively growing subset within the total bacterial population. Community composition was determined through the construction of clone libraries for sequencing and putative phyla affiliation of community 16 rRNA genes. Hydrographic data were also collected for analysis of shifts in microbial community diversity correlated with a variety of influential environmental factors. ARISA profiles of Eubacterial species richness suggest strong distinction between the two communities found within Zones A and C along the Texas-Louisiana Shelf. Further analysis of salinity gradients originating from the two main fluvial sources, the Mississippi and the Atchafalaya Rivers, identified possible sources of variation between the individual communities. Whereas composition of these
Central place foraging in the European bee-eater, Merops apiaster

But de la recherche: decouvrir si la variation de la taille de la proie que les parents de M.a. donnent aux oisillons peut s'expliquer par un modele d'approvisionnement sur un site central. Le modele, dont la prediction est confirmee, prevoit que le choix de grosses proies augmente avec la distance parcourue par les parents a partir du nid jusqu'au site d'approvisionnement
Annual variation pattern of phytoplankton community at the downstream of Xijiang River

The study on population dynamics of phytoplankton was still an important basic work for ecological investigations in large rivers. Through continuous sampling at the downstream of Xijiang River in 2009, the annual variation pattern of phytoplankton community structure and its correlation with environmental factors were demonstrated in this study. During the investigation, the 245 taxonomic species ( including variant and derivative) in 7 groups were identified. The results showed that the diatom (Bacillariophyaceae) and chlorophytes were most abundant and they were 42. 44% and 34. 69% to total numbers respectively, and the Euglenophyta and Cyanobacteria were subsidiary to them. The above structure pattern was the similar to those of other large rivers in the world. 15 main species ( dominant and frequent species) were listed in table 1, but only 3 species showed both high biomass contribution and high occurrence. For all the species, Aulacoseira granulata var. granulata was the predominant one because it showed continuous dominance except for
The evolutionary history and conservation value of disjunct Bartonia paniculata subsp. paniculata (Branched Bartonia) populations in Canada

Understanding the spatial distribution of genetic diversity and its evolutionary history is an essential part of developing effective biodiversity management plans. This may be particularly true when considering the value of peripheral or disjunct populations. Although conservation decisions are often made with reference to geopolitical boundaries, many policy-makers also consider global distributions, and therefore a species’ global status may temper its regional status. Many disjunct populations can be found in the Great Lakes region of North America, including those of Bartonia paniculata subsp. paniculata, a species that has been designated as threatened in Canada but globally secure. We compared chloroplast sequences between disjunct (Canada) and core (USA) populations of B. paniculata subsp. paniculata separated by 600 km, which is the minimum distance between disjunct and core populations in this subspecies. We found that although lineages within the disjunct populations shared a relatively recent .
The Influence of Host Plant Growth Form and Phenology on the Life Strategies of Finnish Macrolepidopterous Larvae

The species numbers, seasonal pattern of species richness, and degree of food specialization of Finnish macrolepidopterous larvae on different plant growth forms was analyzed. There is a significant positive correlation between the commonness of the plant and the number of associated lepidopterous species within all plant growth forms. The number of species on trees and shrubs is higher than on forbs and grasses. On dwarf shrubs the lepidopterous species richness is quite evenly distributed throughout the growing season, but on forbs there is a tendency towards the late summer. On trees the species richness pattern varies greatly. On the trees with a short shoot-growth period the larval species pattern is skewed towards the early summer while on the trees with longer shoot-growth period the majority of macrolepidopterous larvae occur in mid or late summer. It is suggested that the quality of tree leaves along with the direct climatic factors is the central factor determining the seasonal species richness pattern of the larvae. The proportion of specialized feeders is highest in those macrolepidopterous groups where the diet mainly consists of herbs. The proportion of lepidopterous species overwintering as larvae is higher on forbs than on trees and shrubs.
Occurrence of the isopod parasite Rocinela signata (Isopoda: Aegidae) on marine fish Sparisoma frondosum (Osteichthyes: Scaridae)

This study investigated the occurrence of metazoan parasites of the parrot-fish, Sparisoma frondosum (Osteichthyes: Scaridae), captured from the coastal waters of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Using traps and motorized boats a total of 104 fish specimens were captured and their total length, body mass and gonad maturity stages were recorded. The fish samples were necropsied and the parasites encountered were carefully removed and quantified. The isopod Rocinela signata (Isopoda: Aegidae) parasitized 33.91% of fish, with a prevalence of 37.5%, a mean intensity of 2.58 and a mean abundance of 0.97 parasites per fish sampled. The site of parasitic infestation was the gill chambers of the hosts. This is the first record of R. signata parasitizing S. frondosum from the coast of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Expert Perspectives On Clinical Challenges: Expert Perspectives: Challenges in Scleroderma

You are consulted to evaluate a 56‐year‐old woman with known Raynaud's phenomenon, finger swelling of several; months’ duration, and new hypertension with a blood pressure of 160/100 mm/Hg. She also reports progressive shortness of breath. Physical examination reveals telangiectasias, sclerodactyly, and proximal skin sclerosis (thick shiny skin on the chest and upper arms), and bibasilar crackles are found on chest examination. Laboratory tests reveal evidence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and elevation of the serum creatinine level (previously normal), and chest computed tomography shows evidence of ground‐glass opacification in both lower lung fields.
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We are writing in response to a recent article by Nishino and colleagues, who reported low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) levels in parallel with an increased body mass index (BMI) in narcoleptic patients. These findings confirmed earlier preliminary results of studies by this group and of others. Moreover, Nishino and colleagues reported that narcoleptic patients display increased CSF levels of leptin, a fat cell–derived hormone signaling to the brain the size of the adipose tissue. This finding was in contrast to an earlier study of leptin levels in narcoleptic patients published by our group in 2000, which was not mentioned by Nishino and colleagues in their article. In our study, we did not find a significant difference in CSF leptin levels between a group of patients with narcolepsy and control patients. However, we had controlled for the most important factors influencing leptin levels, ie, BMI and gender. Nishino and colleagues took into account neither the increased BMI of their narcoleptic patients nor the higher percentage of females in this group (50.0% compared with 38.2% in the control group) when analyzing the leptin levels. Because both an increased BMI and female gender go along with substantially increased leptin production, it is not justified to conclude from the data presented by Nishino and colleagues that there is an increased disease-related production of leptin in narcolepsy. In contrast, the results of our group suggest that, albeit not in the CSF, narcoleptic patients display considerably reduced leptin levels in plasma. Although this finding deserves independent confirmation, it suggests that the deficiency in hypocretins associated with narcolepsy might be accompanied by a more complex alteration of the regulation of body weight, also involving altered leptin production in the adipose tissue. After this letter was accepted for publication, we found that in a recent study, Kok and colleagues (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:805–809) replicated our finding of reduced leptin plasma levels in patients with narcolepsy. Moreover, they reported a reduced amplitude of the circadian rhythm of the levels of this peptide.
Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrizhal Fungi Inoculation on Glomalin, Growth and Rice Yield

TITLE : EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRIZHAL FUNGI INOCULATION ON GLOMALIN, GROWTH AND RICE YIELD. The aim of this study was to measure the glomalin production, growth and yield of rice in upland rice fields. The research used Completely Randomized Design with four treatments: two sterilization levels (no sterilisatio and with sterilization) and two levels of mycorrhizae inoculation ( no mycorrhizae and with mycorrhizae). Mycorrhizae (5 g/pot) was inoculated before planting rice seeds. The results showed that Glomalin Total (GT) and Glomalin easily extracted (GEE) were higher in mycorrhizae inoculation, increased by 16% and 20% in non-sterile soil and 25% and 11% in sterile soil compared to non-mycorrhizae inoculation. The content of the GT ranged from 4.95 to 9.74 mg/g soil and GEE 0.99 to 2.78 mg/g soil. Plant height, tillers number and the grain yield was increased by mycorrhizae inoculation significantly. Soil sterilization could reduce the effectiveness of mycorrhizae inoculated.
Publishing trends for the Cycadales, the most threatened plant group

Trends in published cycad research within various fields of study were determined using proceedings from international conferences on cycad biology and Google Scholar to access the primary literature. Both search methods indicated that phylogeny, systematics and ecology are strongly represented in recent cycad literature, while there is a need for more research in horticulture and pathology, reviews and clarification of correspondence between current and discontinued species designations.
Structure-related properties of sweetpotato critically impact the textural quality of fried chips

This study sought to define what attributes of sweetpotatoes are most critical to textural qualities of their fried chips for effective selection of specialty cultivars. It compared texture-predicting fracturability of fried chips prepared from either structurally intact or disrupted slices of 13 cultivars; analyzed major attributes of these sweetpotatoes, including starch contents and properties, dry matter contents, and structure-related penetration resistances (measured using an adapted penetration test); and evaluated correlational relationships between these attributes of sweetpotatoes and fracturability of fried chips. The study found that lower dry matter (<22.6% F.W.) and starch contents (<10% F.W.), and lower gelatinization temperatures of starch in sweetpotatoes generally resulted in a more favorable fracturability (lower peak break force) of fried chips. However, contrary to potato, total dry matter content is not the sole determinant of textural qualities of fried sweetpotato chips; instead, structure-related attributes of sweetpotatoes appear to have a greater impact. Partial structural disruptions of sweetpotato slices by blanching effectively improved fracturability of fried chips in all analyzed cultivars, and by ~40% in eight of the 13 cultivars. Furthermore, the degree of structural penetrability of sweetpotatoes, as indexed by penetration resistances, showed very significant correlations with fracturability of fried chips. Key words: Sweetpotato chips, fracturability, puncture test, structure-related attributes, dry matter content, starch.