Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potentials of Enzyme Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Review

In this paper, the progresses of understanding of the enzymes application in hydrocarbon production from extensive experimental and field studies are reviewed. Enzyme enhanced oil recovery is an emerging method of improving oil production in an environmentally friendly way, but the mechanisms underlying this process are not clearly understood. Also, detailed studies on enzyme enhanced oil recovery applications are not readily available. From the comprehensive review carried out in this study, we observed that most of the works done on enzyme enhanced oil recovery processes were not properly detailed and the different experimental procedures adopted makes coherent understanding of the process difficult. Evident however in all the studies from the laboratory experiments and field applications, is the capacity of enzyme to improve oil production from both sandstone and carbonate rocks. Also, we have identified and highlighted the physicochemical properties of the enzymes commonly used for enhanced oil recovery and their effects on oil recovery process in order to improve the understanding of their applicability in relevant hydrocarbon reservoir. Furthermore, the challenges and future research directions for enzyme enhanced oil recovery applications have been pinpointed in this study. Having unfold the enhanced oil recovery potential of enzyme, a clarion call is thereby made for deeper studies on this emerging method of improving oil production. This study is relevant to the design and application of enzyme enhanced oil recovery process in both carbonate and sandstone reservoirs.
Persistent Inequalities: The Origins of Intergenerational Associations in Voter Turnout

We use population-wide Swedish data with information on adopted children’s biological and adoptive parents to assess the importance of prebirth factors (measured by biological parents’ voting) and postbirth socialization factors (as captured by adoptive parents’ voting) for generating intergenerational associations in voter turnout. We find that both prebirth and postbirth factors explain the parent-child similarity in turnout behavior. More importantly, we show that the conditions that strengthen the social pathways to intergenerational transmission—such as youth and exposure to consistent parental behavior—at the same time weaken the biological mechanisms and vice versa. Follow-up analyses based on US and UK samples suggest that these results are externally valid. Our findings are important for understanding how political inequality is reproduced across generations.
What determines import demand in Zimbabwe? Evidence from a gravity model

Abstract The notion of the determinants of import demand has become a major policy issue in most countries due to the persistent trade deficits being experienced and their effects on the economy. Against this backdrop, this study empirically examined the factors determining import demand in Zimbabwe using a gravity model. Forty trading partners for Zimbabwe and data for the period 2004 to 2017 were employed. The model was estimated using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) with and without fixed effects and the findings were that gross domestic product and trade openness for Zimbabwe and her trading partners had a positive impact on import demand. Furthermore, inflation and population for Zimbabwe as well as its trading partners’ and bilateral distance were found to be negatively related to import demand. More so, the study found out that dollarization has managed to increase import demand. Based on these findings, policies directed at reducing import demand should target trade openness, population and inflation level. The findings also imply that de-dollarization is an effective strategy to reduce import demand.
Academic Risk Taking Behavior in University Students: Academic Procrastination, Academic Locus of Control, and Academic Perfectionism

Problem Durumu ve Arastirmanin Amaci: 21. yy.da egitim, modern toplumlarda bireylerin kendilerini gelistirebilmeleri ve toplum icinde nitelikli bireyler olarak var olabilmeleri icin onemli bir aractir. Egitim bireylere atilgan, sorumluluk sahibi ve realist dusunebilen kisiler olmalari yolunda destek saglarken, nitelikli egitim yasantisi akademik basariyi da beraberinde getirir. Toplumun ileriye ivme kazanmasinda tek basina yeterli olarak gorulmese de akademik basari egitim kurumlarinin en temel hedefleri arasindadir. Akademik basari ile iliskili oldugu dusunulen bircok degisken bulunmaktadir. Egitim yasantilari sonucu elde edilmesi planlanan kazanimlar degerlendirildiginde bir takim belirsizliklerin varligindan soz etmememiz mumkun olamaz. Bu belirsizlikler karsisinda kisilerin aldigi pozisyonun onlarin basarilari uzerinde rol oynayacagini soyleyebiliriz. Bu baglamda akademik basariya kisileri goturecek degiskenlerden biri olarak risk almanin onemine vurgu yapilabilir. Bu calismanin amaci universite ogrencilerinin akademik basarilari uzerinde onemli bir yer sahibi oldugu dusunulen akademik risk alma davranislarini akademik erteleme, akademik kontrol odagi ve akademik mukemmeliyetciligin ne derecede yordadigini incelemektir. Arastirmanin Yontemi: Bu calisma, universite ogrencilerinin akademik risk alma davranislarini akademik erteleme, akademik kontrol odagi ve akademik mukemmeliyetciligin ne derecede yordadigini incelemek amaciyla yapilan, iliskisel tarama modelinde betimsel bir calismadir. Iki ya da daha fazla sayidaki degisken arasinda birlikte degisimin varligini ve derecesini belirlemeyi amaclayan calismalar iliskisel tarama modeli arastirmalardir (Kuzu, 2005). Katilimcilar: Bu arastirmanin calisma grubunu, Turkiye’nin Guney bolgesinde yer alan bir Universitenin 2018-2019 bahar doneminde 4 buyuk fakultesinde (Egitim Fakultesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakultesi, IIBF ve Muhendislik Fakultesi) ogrenim gormekte olan 507 ogrenci olusturmustur. Bu ogrencilerin 351’i kadin (%69,2), 154’u erkektir (%30,4). Iki ogrenci cinsiyetini belirtmemistir. Katilimcilarin yas araligi 18 ile 33 arasinda degismekte olup, ortalamasi 20,73’tur (SS=1,84). Bununla birlikte katilimcilarin 151’i birinci sinif (%29,8), 123’u ikinci sinif (%24,3), 171’i 3. sinif (%33,7) ve 60’i da 4. sinif (%11,8) ogrencilerinden olusmaktadir. Yine iki ogrenci sinif duzeyini belirtmemislerdir. Calisma gurubunun belirlenmesinde kolay ulasilabileni ornekleme yontemi kullanilmistir.
Role of Islamic Micro Finance in Alleviating Poverty in Bangladesh: A Study on RDS of IBBL

The goal of this study is to determine the role of Islamic microfinance in alleviating poverty, a study on RDS (Rural Development Scheme) of the Islamic Bank Bangladesh Limited. The study employed interview method, descriptive statistics, T-test, Chi-squared test, and multiple regression analysis to investigate a total of 328 samples (RDS borrowers). The sample has been purposefully selected for the study from two districts of Rajshahi division of Bangladesh. The results of our study indicate that in any category having an income level of more than 5001 to 10000, after access to the RDS scheme of IBBL, overall, 72% of respondent’s income increased. In the case of impact analysis of the program on poverty alleviation, the results of the statistical analysis (regression model) revealed that there is a significant impact of the Rural Development Scheme (RDS) on poverty alleviation (P-value-0.000).
The role of corporate governance in emerging market: Tax avoidance, corporate social responsibility disclosures, risk disclosures, and investment efficiency

This study aims to examine the effect of tax avoidance, corporate social responsibility disclosures, and risk disclosures on investment efficiency. This study also examines the role of corporate governance in the association between tax avoidance, corporate social responsibility disclosures, risk disclosures, and investment efficiency. This study uses multiple linear regression with panel data. The sample uses 43 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Securities Exchange from 2014 up to 2017 so that the total sample in this study amounted to 172 firm-years. The result suggests that tax avoidance is negatively associated with investment efficiency. However, corporate social responsibility disclosures and risk disclosures do not affect investment efficiency. Furthermore, another result suggests that corporate governance failed to moderate the effect of tax avoidance on investment efficiency. Besides, corporate governance can weaken the negative influence of corporate social responsibility disclosures on investment efficiency as well as corporate governance drives the negative effect of risk disclosures on investment efficiency.
EFFECT OF USING ECHINACEA PURPUREA, NIGELLA SATIVA AND CHICORIUM INTYBUS IN DAIRY GOATS’ DIET ON MILK PRODUCTION AND QUALITY: 2- EFFECT ON DIGESTIBILITY, SOME BLOOD PARAMETERS AND MILK PRODUCTION AND QUALITY

Twenty Damascus lactating goats weighting 29.2 ± 1.96 Kg LBW (2.5 – 3 years old) were used in this experiment which randomly divided into five groups. Control group (G1) was fed basal diet, G2 was fed the basal diet mixed with 4g/h/d Echinacea purpurea, G3 was fed basal diet mixed with 8g/kg Echinacea purpurea, G4 was fed 7.5 g/h/d Nigella sativa and G5 was fed 10 g/h/d Cichorium intybus for 98 days. The results showed that rumen parameters (pH – TVFA’s and ammonia) tend to increase significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in basal diet mixed with 4g/h/d Echinacea purpurea (G2). Nutrient digestibilities (DM, OM, EE, CP and CF) tend to increase in treated groups when compared with the control group. Using medicinal plants lead to improve milk production in treated groups than control group, where the milk production values were 1345.4, 1718.4, 1516.8, 1363.3 and 1380.0 g/h/d for G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively. Regarding to milk composition, milk fat % in the treated groups was slightly higher than the control group, but total protein % in milk was lower in G3, G5 and G4 compared with G2 and G1.The values of total protein percent were 2.89, 2.93, 2.77, 2.52 and 2.57 %, respectively for G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5. Using Echinacea purpurea effectively decreased somatic cells count (SCC) in G2 and G3, also adding Nigella sativa and Cichorium intybus to the lactating goats’ diets tend to decrease SCC. The obtained values of SCC were 608.1, 64.3, 96.7, 179.0, and 105.2*103 CFU for G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively. Total microbial count was affected by adding Echinacea purpurea and Nigella sativa, where G2 recorded the lowest count followed by G3 then G4 (5.17, 5.18 and 5.38, respectively). Also, G2 and G3 recorded the lowest count of Staphylococci count and St. auraus count than G5, G4 and G1. The results indicated that using Echinacea purpurea, Nigella sativa and Cichorium intybus as additives in the dairy goats’ diets tend to improve nutrient digestion coefficient also increase milk quantity and quality.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Termites (Macrotermes bellicosus) on the Performance of Broiler Chickens

Eight weeks feeding trails were conducted with 120 broiler chickens at poultry production unit of the Department of Animal Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. The aim is to determine performance characteristics of broilers fed termite supplemented diet (Macrotermes bellicosus) at starter and finisher stage. A commercial diet was compared with two other diets; fishmeal diet and termite supplemented diet. Each of the three treatments was replicated four times, with ten chicks per replicate in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Broilers were fed regularly throughout the period of the experiment. Results of Carcass evaluation showed significant (P˂0.05) difference in weight of broiler parts like; breast, drum stick and liver, but there was no significant (P˃0.05) difference in back, thigh, wings and gizzard in all treatment diets. Other parts; feet, head, and spleen showed significant (P˂0.05) difference. But neck, heart, lungs, intestine and crop shows no Original Research Article Shindi et al.; AJRAVS, 4(1): 1-6, 2019; Article no.AJRAVS. 50326 2 significant (P˃0.05) difference in their weights. Proximate analysis showed no significant (P˃0.05) difference in nutrient composition in all the treatment diets, only ash showed significant (P˂0.05) difference in fishmeal. Mineral composition showed significant (P˂0.05) difference in almost all treatment diets except in phosphorus, copper and zinc. It was concluded that termite supplemented diet can successfully and economically replace fishmeal as protein source in the diets of broilers without deleterious effect on their health and carcass quality.
Statistical Downscaling of Daily Temperature and Rainfall Data from Global Circulation Models, in Borkena River Catchment, Ethiopia

Statistical downscaling models for temperature and precipitation in Borkena River Catchment, have been developed and applied to calculate the changes in historic, current and future climate changes. Projected changes in precipitation and temperature were analyzed using the outputs from GCMs and stations data (1976-2005) which were collected from 4 observed meteorological stations (predictand) and downscaling using SDSM version 4.2. 9a. The study investigated how these changes in temperature and precipitation might translate into changes in livelihoods of people and other biophysical components using impact assessments. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the statistical downscaling methods in estimating monthly average rainfall and temperature, in line with this it was also conducted to project the future climate situation of Borkena River catchment (Ethiopia). Accordingly, the results revealed that both temperatures (maximum and minimum) showed an increasing trend. The result of future temperature from SDSM for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 show increased rate on annual basis except 202s for RCP4.5. The maximum increasing value will occur for RCP8.5 in the 2020s and 2080s with a value of 1.85°C and 2.82°C for minimum and maximum temperature respectively. Downscaled precipitation results of future time interval of this study indicated decreased precipitation value for both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 on annual basis. This, may increase water availability stresses in the study area. Therefore, this facilitate the decision makers to incorporate climate change scenarios for devising sustainable strategies, including: water harvesting technologies, supplementary irrigation, using improved seeds, which can tolerate moisture stresses, afforestation and reforestation programs, and soil and water conservation techniques. Moreover, crop diversifications, agricultural extension services access, related strategies, and measures are highly recommended for climate change resiliencies.
Positive Psychology Interventions to Improve Wellbeing and Health Behaviour Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review and Meta-analyses

The aim of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of positive psychological interventions (PPIs) to improve well-being and health behaviour adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Medline, PsycINFO, the Cochrane register, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were systematically searched to find relevant studies until January 2020. The primary outcome was reduction in risk factors of cardiovascular disease including HbA1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure along with improvement in positive affect, optimism, self-efficacy, and health behaviour adherence such as diet, exercise and medication. The secondary outcomes were reduction in depression, anxiety and stress. A random-effect model was used to compare group effect size at post-test. We identified a total of 11 studies (N=1594 participants) with substantial variability in the interventions. Overall, the results provide evidence that multi-component PPIs have a small but significant effect on positive affect, optimism, health behaviour, self-care and BMI. Further, the review demonstrates that PPIs can be effective in the reduction of anxiety and stress symptoms. However, studies included in this review are heterogenous due to methodological variation, therefore, in future more studies across a wide range of PP interventions needs to be included in order to validate the findings and for conclusive evidence.
DESIGN OF INDUSTRIAL BIOMETHANE DIGESTER ATTACHED WITH UPGRADING AND STORAGE UNITS

The recent rise in energy demand to support industrialization and civilization is resulting in increased stress on conventional energy sources. Faced with the accompanying problem of climate change, research in renewable energies, especially their commercialization, has never been more important. Biogas production is a major renewable energy source. The rabbit wastes could not be completely used in biogas production as a result of certain restrictions are related with it, prevalent among these are the increase hydraulic retention time, low both gas production and calorific value this could be essentially attributed to the lower biodegradability of this wastes. So, efforts are required to take off its constraint in order to spread this technology and fully commercialized. This research focused on the design and construction of an integrated geometrical system to produce, purify, and store methane that can be implemented in commercial-size models in general and for rabbit farms especially. The results showed that the highest methane production recorded was 241.73 l/kgOTS for a three-time agitation rate of rabbit droppings. The methane concentration in the raw biogas was 57.5, 62.5 and 67.5%. The calorific values of purified biogas reached a high of 33.35 kJ/l. The methane content increased by 37.39% after undergoing the upgrading process at a constant gas pressure of 8.53 mbar and a methane proportion in the raw biogas of about 67.5%.
Superficial hardening improvement of nano and micro composite Al TiC

The present investigation aims to study the improvement of the composite surface hardness by air abrasive jet polishing (AJP) of SiO2 particles. The experiments were conducted by synthesizing Al-TiC composites through melting the aluminum at 850°C and added TiC gradually for 10 minutes to the liquefied aluminum with different sizes and ratios (300-500 nm and 100-200 μm) and (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt.%) respectively of TiC. The molten Al-TiC was poured to a previously prepared sand mould. The hardness improvement for pure Aluminum, Almicro-TiC and AlnanoTiC composites were 7%, 11%, and 15% respectively. The obtained results demonstrate the importance of superficial hardening of composites Al-TiC by impact of the SiO2 air jet and show that the surface hardness improvement is greatest for the nanocomposites compared with microcomposite and pure matrix material.
Labor market integration of refugees to the United States:

We investigate whether entrepreneurs in the network of refugees – from the same country of origin – help their labor-market integration by hiring them in their businesses. We analyze the universe of refugee cases without U.S. ties who were resettled in the United States between 2005 and 2010 (around 96,000 refugees). Since the U.S. location of cases without U.S. ties is chosen by resettlement agencies as a function of individual characteristics we observe and control for, our results cannot be driven by refugees sorting into specific labor markets. We also address threats to identification due to unobserved characteristics of the labor market of placement. We find that the probability that the refugee is employed 90 days after arrival is positively a↵ected by the number of business owners in his network, but negatively a↵ected by the number of those employed. This suggests that network members who are entrepreneurs hire refugees in their business, while network members working as employees compete with refugees consistent with refugees complementing the former and substituting for the latter.
Competition among Banks and Its Psychological Effect on Employee Retention and Supply Chain Management in Indonesia

The prime objective of this study is to examine the psychological effect of competition among banks on employee retention with the moderating effect of supply chain management. The population of the study was based on Indonesian banks. All the employee; managerial and non-managerial were selected as the respondents of the current study. Two hundred eight questionnaires were used to conduct a survey among Indonesian banks. Data were analyzed through structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by using Partial Least Square (PLS) as a statistical tool. It is found that bank competition has a significant psychological effect on employee retention through employee satisfaction and employee stress. Increase in bank competition increases the level of employee's stress and decreases employee performance. Moreover, a decrease in employee stress and bank competition has the potential to increase employee satisfaction which causes to increase employee retention. Therefore, the current study has significant implications for literature and banking industry.
Chemical control of field dodder in alfalfa

Parasitic flowering plants have recently come into focus of research interests as a result of their notable expansion and increasing damage that they are causing in agricultural fields. Damage caused by field dodder in alfalfa crops mainly includes reduced yield of fresh biomass and considerable decrease in seed production. Effective control of field dodder in alfalfa crops necessarily includes a number of preventive measures and procedures, as well as chemical control. The effectiveness of glyphosate, propyzamide, imazethapyr and diquat herbicides in controlling field dodder in alfalfa crops was tested in trials conducted in 2011. Pot and field trials were set up in an experimental field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad (location Rimski Sancevi) and in a private field at Popovici (vicinity of Mladenovac). In pot trials, two glyphosate application rates (288 and 360 g a.i. ha) achieved the highest effectiveness of 95% and 97.5%, respectively. Both application rates of propyzamide (1500 and 2000 g a.i. ha) had weak effectiveness (85% and 87%, respectively), while imazethapyr (150 g a.i. ha) was the weakest herbicide with 80% efficacy. In field trials at both locations, diquat (450 g a.i. ha) showed the best efficacy in controlling field dodder in alfalfa. The efficacy of all other treatments was weaker at Popovici with the following survival rates of field dodder plants: 25% (glyphosate, 288 g a.i. ha), 15% (glyphosate, 360 g a.i. ha), 79% (propyzamide, 1500 g a.i. ha), 70% (propyzamide, 2000 g a.i. ha) and 72% (imazethapyr, 150 g a.i. ha). At the location Rimski Sancevi, the same treatements resulted in around 1% remaining field dodder plants in alfalfa crop. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 46008 i br. TR 31043]