Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Baby corn, green ear, and grain yield of corn cultivars

Desde que a maioria das cultivares de milho foi desenvolvida para producao de graos, existe interesse em se avalia-las quanto a producao de minimilho e espigas verder pois as cultivares superiores podem diferir, dependendo da finalidade de exploracao da cultura. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as producoes de minimilho, espigas verdes e de graos de dez cultivares (AG 405, AG 1051, AG 2060, AG 6690, AG 7575, AG 8080, DKB 333 B, DKB 435, DKB 350 e DKB 747) de milho. Dois experimentos, conduzidos na mesma epoca, em areas vizinhas e manejados de forma semelhante, foram realizados em Mossoro-RN, no delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco repeticoes. Em um deles (178.571 plantas ha-1) avaliou-se a producao de minimilho. No outro (50.000 plantas ha-1), avaliaram-se as producoes de espigas verdes e de graos. As cultivares DKB 350 e AG 8080 mostraram-se as mais produtivas em numero e peso de espigas de minimilho comercializaveis, empalhadas e despalhadas. As cultivares DKB 435 e AG 8080 mostraram-se as mais produtivas quanto aos numeros e pesos de espigas verdes comercializaveis, empalhadas e despalhadas. Nao houve diferenca entre cultivares quanto ao rendimento de graos.
“As If Neck Injuries Did Not Exist”: An Interview Study of Patients’ and Relatives’ Perceptions of Web Information on and Management of Whiplash Injuries in Sweden

Background If purposefully designed, patient information can help individuals make well-founded health care decisions. This study was initiated to improve the information on whiplash injuries found in the national health care portal Healthcare Guide 1177, operated by the Swedish government. Objective The objective of this study was to describe the thoughts of patients and relatives on (1) information about whiplash injuries presented in the portal and (2) the Swedish health care system’s management of whiplash injuries. Methods A total of 5 interviews were conducted with patients (n=10) who had experienced a whiplash injury and with relatives (n=3) of such patients. The interviews were taped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed by means of conventional content analysis. Results The following two themes emerged from the latent content analysis: (1) confidence and trust in the public health care system and (2) a disappointment with health care encounters. Conclusions We found that most of the study participants felt distress due to insufficient information; respondents perceived a discrepancy between the public health care system's authority and the information provided. The Web information on whiplash injuries may greatly impact patients' care decisions as well as their physical, mental, and social well-being. We would recommend detailed patient information on whiplash injuries, with less emphasis on psychology and more data on pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment.
The effective role of Arabic gum and/or vitamin E on kidney and liver injury induced by food flavor cinnamaldehyde in male albino rats.

Cinnamaldehyde (CNMA) as a food additive is present in low concentrations in human food.It iscommercially prepared by the condensation reaction of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde and chemically related to toxicologically more active compounds. Accordinglyattempts have been undertaken to protect the body from such toxicity as Gum Arabic(GA) which is a natural productand Vitamin E(VE) as antioxidants.To meet this goal,sixty young adult male albino rats were used to study the therapeutic role of GA and/orVEon liver and kidneyinjury induced by overdose of CNMA.Sixty rats were divided intosixgroups each comprising 10 rats: Control group orally received distilled water,fifty CNMA rats orally received dose 73.5 mg/kg b. wt. of CNMA dissolved in distilled water daily for 3 months then they were divided into:CNMA rats at zero time, CNMA group at 30 daysfollowedwithout any treatment for another 30 days as a recovery period,CNMA+GA therapeutic group orally administered GA at a dose 7.5 g/kg b. wt. daily for another 30 days,CNMA+VE therapeutic orally administered VE at a dose 1g/kg b. wt. daily for another 30 days,CNMA+mixture therapeutic group orally administered mixture of GA and VE at doses 7.5 g/kg b. wt. and 1g/kg b. wt. of GA and VE respectively daily for another 30 days.At the end of experimental period, biochemical, histological and molecular studieswere assessed. Biochemical analysis of serum showed thatinduction with CNMA without treatment revealed a significant decrease in total protein and albumin levels and a significant increase in urea, creatinine levels andserum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities, where treatment with GA or VE or especially both of them revealed marked improvement in the previous biochemical parameters compared to normal control group.The antioxidant analysis revealed a decrease inglutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and an increase in malondialdhyde (MAD) in CNMA groups, while other groups showed reverse in antioxidant level toward the normal control group. These results were confirmed with kidney histological examination and comet testfor liver tissue. The study showed thatCNMA grouprevealed marked histological lesions particularly in cortical portion of kidney. The Malpighian corpuscles lost their characteristic normal configuration and exhibited clear features of damage. On the other hand, in CNMA group a strong elevation was realized in comet percent as compared with the control group.A considerable improvement was observed in the therapeutic groups. So, the present results clearly demonstrated the effective role of GA and VE against liver and kidney injury induced by CNMA.
Expression of Mesothelial Marker Calretinin in Breast Cancer

Calretinin (CR) is a calcium binding protein of calmodulin superfamily, a widely used marker for mesothelial differentiation. It is also found to be expressed in breast carcinoma. Breast carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer death in women and despite new approaches and advances, it is still difficult to predict the behaviour of the tumour and its prognosis. So there is a need and struggle to identify new markers for prognosis of breast cancer. The study is aimed at evaluating the frequency of Calretinin expression in breast carcinoma and assessing the characteristics of Calretinin positive tumours. Thirty mastectomy specimen of invasive breast carcinoma were analysed histopathologically and for immunohistochemical expression of ER, PR, HER2/neu and Calretinin. In this study 93.33% (28 cases) were of invasive carcinoma, NST and 6.67% were of other subtypes. Patients less than 40 years of age showed low CR expression and patients over 40 showed high CR expression (p = 0.22). Grade 3 tumours showed high CR, grades 1 and 2 showed low CR expression. Lymph node positive cases showed high CR and lymph node negative cases showed low CR. Tumours less than 5cms in size show low CR expression and those over 5cms showed high CR expression (p = 0.38). Negative ER, PR and HER2/neu showed high CR expression. CR expression was high in 54.5% of basal-like subtype and 66.7% of HER2-enriched.CR expression was low in 50% of luminal cases. High Calretinin expression was seen in grade 3, HER2-enriched and basal-like subtypes of breast cancer which may be of considerable prognostic significance.
Intake safety of Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 and its effects on nasal and ocular symptoms associated with mites and house dust: An open-label study and a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study

Background: We previously reported that Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 (LH2171) inhibited the proliferation and secretion of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory cytokines in primary immune cells. Furthermore, in vivo administration of LH2171 has been demonstrated to suppress the incidence and development of murine rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, we evaluated whether the intake of drinkable yogurt (DY) containing LH2171 alleviated nasal and ocular symptoms of allergy to mites and house dust allergens. The safety of LH2171 was also confirmed in an independent, open-label study in 20 healthy subjects who consumed an excessive amount of LH2171.Methods: In study 1, the effect of daily intake of DY containing LH2171 for 12 weeks on nasal and ocular symptoms was evaluated in healthy men and women who tested positive for house dust or mite-specific IgE in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study. One hundred subjects were divided into two groups: subjects taking placebo DY (P group, n = 50) and subjects taking DY containing approximately 1 × 109 cells of LH2171 (LH2171 group, n = 50) daily for the 12 weeks. After excluding subjects that met exclusion criteria, data obtained from 94 subjects (LH2171 group: n = 48; P group: n = 46) were analyzed to establish LH2171 efficacy. LH2171 safety was assessed in an independent, open-label trial in 20 subjects (study 2) who consumed an excessive amount of DY containing approximately 3 × 109 LH2171 cells.Results: In study 1, the decreases in the total scores of the nasal and ocular discomfort between week 0 and week 8 in LH2171 group were significantly larger than those in P group. Additionally, the number of sneezes decreased significantly in LH2171 group compared with P group on weeks 9–12 compared to the number of sneezes at baseline. In study 2, no adverse effects of LH2171 on systolic bold pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, body weight, blood and urinalysis parameters were reported.Clinical trial registration: UMIN000027791 (study 1), UMIN000029058 (study 2). Conclusion: Daily intake of LH2171 for 12 weeks may regulate immune function and improve nasal and ocular symptoms in the subjects with mite or house dust allergy.
Reliable Detection of Interest Flooding Attack in Real Deployment of Named Data Networking

Named data networking (NDN) is a disruptive yet promising architecture for the future Internet, in which the content diffusion mechanisms are shifted from the conventional host-centric to content-centric ones so that the data delivery can be significantly improved. After a decade of research and development, NDN and the related NDN forwarding daemon implementations are now mature enough to enable stakeholders, such as telcos, to consider them for a real deployment. Consequently, NDN and IP will likely cohabit, and the future Internet may be formed of isolated administrative domains, each deploying one of these two network paradigms. The security question of the resulting architecture naturally arises. In this paper, we consider the case of denial of service. Even though the interest flooding attack (IFA) has been largely studied and mitigated through NACK packets in pure NDN networks, we demonstrate in this paper through experimental assessments that there are still some ways to mount such an attack, and especially in the context of coupling NDN with IP, which can hardly be addressed by current solutions. Subsequently, we leverage the hypothesis testing theory to develop a generalized likelihood ratio test adapted to evolve IFA attacks. Simulations show the relevance of the proposed model for guaranteeing the prescribed probability of false alarm and highlight the trade-off between detection power and delay. Finally, we consider a real deployment scenario where NDN is coupled with IP to carry HTTP traffic. We show that the model of IFA attacks is not very accurate in practice and further develops a sequential detector to keep a high detection accuracy. By considering data from the testbed, we show the efficiency of the overall detection method.
The Behavioral Ecology of Nutrient Foraging by Plants

Foraging for resources influences ecological interactions among individuals and species, regardless of taxonomic affiliation. Here we review studies of nutrient foraging in plants, with an emphasis on how nutritious and nonnutritious cues in the soil alter behavioral decisions and patterns of root placement. Three patterns emerge: (a) Plants alter root placement in response to many diverse cues; (b) species respond differently to these cues; and (c) there are nonadditive responses to multiple cues, indicating that plants exhibit complex multidimensional root foraging strategies. We suggest that this complexity calls for novel approaches to understanding nutrient foraging by plants. Resource selection functions are commonly used by animal behaviorists and may be useful to describe plant foraging strategies. Understanding such approaches may allow researchers to link individual behavior to population and community dynamics.
Sustained fecundity when phytoplankton resources are in short supply: Omnivory by Calanus finmarchicus in the Gulf of St. Lawrence

Despite low ambient concentrations of phytoplankton, Calanusjkzmarchicus sustained relatively high rates of egg production (1 l-45 eggs female 1 d-l) in the open waters of the Gulf of St. Lawrence in late June-early July. These rates were comparable to egg production rates observed in high-chlorophyll waters of the lower St. Lawrence estuary. Contrary to classical, linear food-chain models, variations in egg production of C. jinmarchicus were therefore not prcdictablc from variations in standing stocks of autotrophic cells. Egg production rates wcrc independent of the concentration of chlorophyll in situ, the abundance of autotrophic microplankton cells, in situ gut fluorescence, and the rate of ingestion of autotrophic particles. Hctcrotrophic microplankton- including ciliates and dinoflagellates presumed to bc heterotrophic-constituted a disproportionate fraction of the ration of C. finmarchicus in the open Gulf of St. Lawrence, despite their relatively low cell densities. Evidence suggests that heterotrophic microplankton frequently provided a prey resource sufflcicnt for net lipid synthesis as well as for egg production. For several decades the dominant view in marine zooplankton ecology has been that population growth of suspension-feeding copepods is governed by fluctuations in the availability of phytoplankton, principally larger autotrophic diatoms and dinoflagellates. Variability in the abundance and composition of autotrophic cells has been translated into variability in ingestion, growth, and fecundity of planktonic metazoans in models of simple linear food chains. Even recent models (Marra and Ho 1993) have taken this perspective. The development of predictive indices for population growth of planktonic copepods, thus, has focused narrowly on the role of phytoplankton and assumed a nearly instantaneous translation of ingested cells into somatic growth and fecundity. More recently, as the structure and dynamics of pelagic microbial food webs have be
Comparison of RIPASA and Alvarado score in diagnosing acute appendicitis

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common cause of abdominal pain and can be difficult to diagnose, especially during its early stages. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis is based on clinical history, examination combined with investigations. The purpose of this study is to compare between the RIPASA score and Alvarado score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The aim of the present study was to compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of Alvarado and RIPASA score.Methods: The cases for the study will be sourced from cases admitted in SVMCH and RC, Puducherry during the period of November 2016 to June 2018.Results: Out of the 144 patients in our study 133 patients were diagnosed with acute appendicitis as per HPE report.As per our study, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV of RIPASA and Alvarado scoring system is 96.2%, 57.1%, 97.7% and 44.4%; 81.9%,85.7%, 95.1% and 20% respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of RIPASA score is 94.3 as compared to 82.1 of Alvarado score.Conclusions: The RIPASA scoring system is a promising and has good sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy when compared to Alvarado scoring for Asian Population.RIPASA scoring system is an easy and reliable, cost effective diagnostic tool which reduce negative appendicectomy rates and the expensive radiological investigations for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
Effects of Gemfibrezil on Triglyceride Levels in Patients With NIDDM

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— After 8 wk of placebo stabilization, 442 patients from 46 study centers were randomized to double-blind treatment; in a designated 2:1 ratio, 295 received gemfibrozil and 147 received placebo for 20 wk. The primary end point was plasma TG; secondary end points were TC, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and HbAlc. No baseline differences were noted between groups in sex, age, weight, type of diabetic therapy, fasting plasma levels of TGs, HbAlc, or C-peptide. About two-thirds received oral hypoglycemic drugs, one-third insulin.
Economic Consequences of High Public Debt: Evidence from Three Large Scale DSGE Models

The paper reviews the economic risks associated with regimes of high public debt through DSGE model simulations. The large public debt build-up following the 2009 global financial and economic crisis acted as a shock absorber for output, while in the recent and more severe COVID19-crisis, an increase in public debt is even more justified given the nature of the crisis. Yet, once the crisis is over and the recovery firmly sets in, keeping debt at high levels over the medium term is a source of vulnerability in itself. Moreover, in the euro area, where monetary policy focuses on the area-wide aggregate, countries with high levels of indebtedness are poorly equipped to withstand future asymmetric shocks. Using three large scale DSGE models, the simulation results suggest that high-debt economies (1) can lose more output in a crisis, (2) may spend more time at the zero-lower bound, (3) are more heavily affected by spillover effects, (4) face a crowding out of private debt in the short and long run, (5) have less scope for counter-cyclical fiscal policy and (6) are adversely affected in terms of potential (long-term) output, with a significant impairment in case of large sovereign risk premia reaction and use of most distortionary type of taxation to finance the additional debt burden in the future. Going forward, reforms at national level, together with currently planned reforms at the EU level, need to be timely implemented to ensure both risk reduction and risk sharing and to enable high debt economies address their vulnerabilities. JEL Classification: E62, H63, O40, E43
The impacts of biologically induced micro-environments on biodiversity in a dry Mediterranean grassland

Background: Many dryland plant communities are characterised by scattered shrubby vegetation. In such dry ecosystems, individual shrubs modify the local micro-environment and affect the surrounding plant community. Aims: The present study was conducted in a dry Mediterranean grassland community, with scattered shrubs, to determine the impacts of biologically induced micro-environments on the surrounding plant community. Methods: The plant community was sampled at four distances in four micro-environments, defined by cardinal compass directions (north, south, east and west) to assess vegetation composition near individual shrubs and at increasing distances from them. To quantify the impact of shrubs on surrounding species composition, we used a rarefaction approach in addition to alpha and beta diversity and cover parameters. Also, the productivity–diversity relationship was investigated. Results: We found significant micro-environment differences in non-shrub communities in terms of vegetation, bare ground and litter cover, above-ground biomass, species richness and Shannon diversity index. The diversity–productivity relationship was best fit by unimodal and linear models. Rarefaction analysis accumulated more species in the west aspect than in the other aspects. Beta diversity values for consecutive distances were significantly higher than the farthest distances. Conclusions: These findings suggest that shrubs create micro-environments and influence plant community characteristics according to distance and aspect, and therefore add to the complexity and biodiversity of the system; by creating diverse microhabitats they contribute to enhanced plant diversity.
ROLE OF EPHEDRINE INFUSION IN SPINAL ANAESTHESIA INDUCED HYPOTENSION

Background: Spinal anaesthesia is commonly used during caesarean deliveries. In most of the cases hypotension is a common clinical problem after spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery. Severe hypotension can lead to maternal and/or foetal morbidity. This study aimed to see the effect of ephedrine infusion in spinal anaesthesia induced hypotension. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Maternal and child health centre (MCH), Department of Anaesthesia, PIMS, Islamabad for 6 months. One hundred admitted or referred women who were undergoing caesarean section were included in the study. The patients were randomized to receive either preload crystalloids or co-load plus ephedrine infusion during spinal anaesthesia. The study outcome was judged as frequency of hypotension in the two groups. Results: The mean age of patients in group I (colloid crystalloid ± ephedrine infusion) was 29.4±3.7 years whereas in group II (preload crystalloids) it was 28.9±3.6 years. The frequency of hypotension was significantly higher (56%) in group II as compared to group I (16%) (p<0.001). Hypotension was significantly associated with group II (p<0.001). Additional ephedrine bolus was given to more patients (54%) in group II compared to group I (8%). Conclusion: Crystalloid co-load plus ephedrine results in less frequencies of hypotension than preload crystalloids.
Managing Innovation and Entrepreneurship Capability to Improve Marketing Performance

This study aims to confirm the basic theoretical and empirical models that are built based on theories related to the capability of innovation, the ability to isolate product marketing, entrepreneurial ability, excellence in positioning the cultural attributes of a specific region and marketing performance. This research begins with exploratory research and used purposive sampling method. The population in this study is the batik industry with a scale of MSMEs with criteria in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2008, which sells its products on the domestic market. The unit of analysis is managers of SME’s batik in several regions in Central Java. This result of the research found innovation capability has a positive effect on marketing performance and regiocultural attribute positioning advantage. Entrepreneurship capability positively influences marketing performance and regiocultural attribute positioning advantage. Regiocultural attribute positioning advantage has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance.