Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluación del impacto en la calidad de vida de pacientes adultos rehabilitados con nuevas prótesis removibles totales

: This work was done under the current appreciation that both medicine and dentistry currently have of improving the quality of life (QL) of patients with finished treatments. The aim of this study was to research whether there was an improvement in the Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQL) on bimaxillary toothless adult patients rehabilitated with new complete dentures in a Clinic of Removable Prosthodontics in the
Who is Audited? Experimental Study of Rule-Based Tax Auditing

We employed a game-theoretic framework to formulate and analyze a number of tax audit rules, especially the lowest income reporter audited rule. We explicitly considered the auditor’s resource constraint to choose one target from a continuous type of taxpayer. We then tested the theoretical predictions in a laboratory experiment, using three audit rules: the random, cut-off, and lowest income reporter audited rules. While the cut-off rule is known to be optimal in theory, it has not thus far been examined in a controlled laboratory experimental setting. Contrary to the theory, the lowest income reporter audited rule increased average compliance behavior significantly more compared with the optimal cut-off rule and, especially, the random rule. This holds with and without controlling the subjects’ demographics and attitudes regarding tax payment. This finding is practically important because the tax authorities in most countries assign higher priority to enhancing tax compliance.
Two-dimensional topographic responses in magnetotellurics modeled using finite elements

We simulate the magnetotelluric response to two‐dimensional earth topography using finite elements. Linear interpolation of the secondary field parallel to strike over triangular elements allows accurate modeling of inclined resistivity boundaries, including topographic surfaces. To avoid discontinuities in field derivatives or resistivity, care must be taken that the nodal values of the field parallal to strike used to obtain the auxiliary secondary fields are kept within uniform earth media. The nodal locations may be shifted, but the derivatives still are evaluated at the field points of interest. Correct values may be returned at gentle breaks in slope as well as along straight surfaces. The finite‐element program is verified by comparison with the analytic transverse magnetic response of a hemicylindrical depression and with Rayleigh scattering and transmission surface results for transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarization. Agreement with the other methods generally is excellent, with t.
GIS In-Service Teacher Training Based on TPACK

Abstract This article introduces the geographic information systems (GIS) in-service teacher training, focusing on the intersection of technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) for successful implementation of GIS in the classroom. Eleven social studies teachers in Georgia learned GIS technologies, inquiry-based learning, and social studies so that they could create technology-enhanced and inquiry-based lessons using GIS technologies. This article reports participating teachers’ opinions and attitudes of the TPACK-based GIS training. It also reports useful pedagogical methods of introducing GIS technologies to students and additional support for teachers to help them use GIS in their classrooms more often.
Seismic traveltime analysis for azimuthally anisotropic media: Theory and experiment

Natural fractures in reservoirs, and in the caprock overlying the reservoir, play an important role in determining fluid flow during production. The density and orientation of sets of fractures is therefore of great interest. Rocks possessing an anisotropic fabric and a preferred orientation of fractures display both polar and azimuthal anisotropy. Sedimentary rocks containing several sets of vertical fractures may be approximated as having monoclinic symmetry with symmetry plane parallel to the layers if, in the absence of fractures, the rock is transversely isotropic with symmetry axis perpendicular to the bedding plane. A nonhyperbolic traveltime equation, which can be used in the presence of azimuthally anisotropic layered media, can be obtained from an expansion of the inverse-squared ray velocity in spherical harmonics. For a single set of aligned fractures, application of this equation to traveltime data acquired at a sufficient number of azimuths allows the strike of the fractures to be estimated. Analysis of the traveltimes measured in a physical model simulation of a reverse vertical seismic profile in an azimuthally anisotropic medium shows the medium to be orthorhombic with principal axes in agreement with those given by an independent shear-wave experiment. In contrast to previous work, no knowledge of the orientation of the symmetry planes is required. The method is therefore applicable to P-wave data collected at multiple azimuths using multiple offset vertical seismic profiling (VSP) techniques.
Modeling methane emissions from rice paddies

The quantification of methane (CH4) emissions from global rice paddies is still highly uncertain. The extrapolation of CH4 release rates from point measurements to regional level or empirically correlating methane emission rates with a few factors (e.g., temperature and rice primary production) is unlikely to yield reliable results. Reducing the uncertainties in estimates of current CH4 emission and predicting its future change require a process model to simulate CH4 emissions from various paddyland environments. CH4 emission is an ecosystem process closely coupled to plant growth and soil organic matter decomposition. In this study a methane emission model was developed based on supplies of carbon substrate for methanogens by rice primary production and soil organic matter degradation, direct environmental controls on methanogenesis, and the balance between CH4 production and consumption by methanotrophic oxidation. A validation of the model indicated its reasonable ability to calculate CH4 emission rates and their seasonal variations. The model, when coupled with supporting data sets, would complement spatial and dynamic analysis of CH4 emissions from rice paddies in the framework of climate-plant-soil interactions.
Seismic wave velocities in the uppermost mantle beneath New Zealand

The extent of lateral inhomogeneity in the uppermost mantle beneath New Zealand has been studied by mapping the variation of Pn and Sn velocities. Ten regions of constant structure were required to model the distribution of velocities, which range from 7·4 km/s and 3· 95 km/s for Pn and Sn respectively, beneath the central North Island, to 8· 7 km/s and 4· 8 krn/s beneath Nelson. It is suggested that the regions partition the uppermost mantle according to whether its constituents are ultramafic or mafic and according to the concentrations of open cracks and melt.
NEW PHYLLOLEPIDS (PLACODERM FISHES) FROM THE MIDDLE-LATE DEVONIAN OF SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA

Abstract Phyllolepid placoderms from the Devonian Boyd Volcanic Complex on the south coast of New South Wales are described as Cobandrahlepis petyrwardi, gen. et sp. nov., and Yurammia browni, gen. et sp. nov. Both are more primitive than other described phyllolepids in retaining a posterior dorsolateral plate in the trunk armor. Cobandrahlepis resembles Placolepis Ritchie, 1984, in the shape of the nuchal plate in the skull, and Austrophyllolepis Long, 1984, in the more lateral position of the sensory groove on the paranuchal plate. Yurammia, gen. nov., differs from all other phyllolepids in lacking ridged ornament on the dermal bones. These new taxa add to the diversity of early members of the order Phyllolepida from East Gondwana, before the appearance of the genus Phyllolepis in the Northern Hemisphere during the last stage of the Late Devonian (Famennian). Phyllolepid placoderms, only recorded from non-marine deposits, have a unique disjunct distribution in both time and space between the Southern and Northern hemispheres. They document a major dispersal event indicating continental connection between Gondwana and Laurussia near the Frasnian–Famennian boundary, at about the time of the Late Devonian mass extinction.
A pesca amadora recreativa de caniço na praia do Cassino, RS: necessidade de informações ecológicas aliada à espécie alvo

Cassino’s Beach is one of the most popular surf casting recreational fishing ground of southern Brazil and king-fish (Menticirrhus spp) is the preferential target. This paper describes the profile of the fishermen that use Cassino’s Beach. The dada analyzed came form 446 survey questionnaires collected monthly from 1999 to 2001 along of 22 km (from the Jetties of Rio Grande to the Altair ship). The king-fish were the target fish, representing 89.9% of the intention of casting and they were the most abundantly caught species (79.9%). It is estimated that during summer catches range from 1 to 2.5 ton of king-fish, and more than 50% of them are not fully grown and developed sexually. Our results suggest the need of more studies in order to improve ecological information about this special fishery and to preserve the environment.
Development of a website support intervention for families after sudden cardiac death

Objective: To develop content for the website component of COPE-SCD: an online community supporting families after sudden cardiac death (SCD) and assess its acceptability. Methods: Based on topics from codesign focus groups, website content was drafted, and readability of language assessed. SCD family members were recruited from the Genetic Heart Disease Clinic, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney. Demographic and psychological measures were collected at baseline. Think aloud interviews were conducted to assess the website with questions mapped to theoretical framework of acceptability. Results: Fourteen webpages were created under six menu options. Topics range from information on SCD, genetic testing, grief and loss and family stories. Average Flesch-Kincaid school grade reading score was 8.75. Six individuals participated in a think aloud analysis and interview. Fifty percent were female, and all university educated. Median time since death was three years (range 1-5 years). Participants provided feedback about aesthetics, technical issues, and content. Interview responses were mapped to the theoretical framework of acceptability. Conclusion: Participants found the website a helpful resource, and acceptable when considering the theoretical framework of acceptability. Practice implications: This website fills a current gap in the care of families after SCD; more work is needed to assess effectiveness.
On the wave age dependence of wind stress over pure wind seas

[1] Data from five recent field campaigns are selected for pure wind sea, deep water, and fully rough flow conditions. The combined data set includes a wide range of wave ages, with high variability in both friction velocity and wave phase speed. These data, which are expected to follow Monin-Obukhov similarity scaling, are used to investigate the influence of wave age on wind stress. The relationship between the dimensionless roughness and inverse wave age is found to be zo/σ = 13.4 (u*/cp)3.4, where zo is the surface roughness length, σ is the standard deviation of the surface elevation, u* is the friction velocity, and cp is the wave phase speed at the peak of the spectrum. This relationship, which represents a significant dependence of roughness on wave age, was obtained using a procedure that minimizes the effects of spurious correlation in u*. It is also shown to be consistent with the wave age relationship derived using an alternate form of the dimensionless roughness, namely, the Charnock parameter zog/u*2, where g is the gravitational constant.
The Triassic stratigraphic succession of Nakhlak (Central Iran), a record from an active margin

Abstract An important, 2.4 km-thick Triassic succession is exposed at Nakhlak (central Iran). This succession was deformed during the Cimmerian orogeny and truncated by an angular unconformity with undeformed Upper Cretaceous sediments. This integrated stratigraphic study of the Triassic included bed-by-bed sampling for ammonoids, conodonts and bivalves, as well as limestone and sandstone petrographic analyses. The Nakhlak Group succession consists of three formations: Alam (Olenekian–Anisian), Bāqoroq (? Upper Anisian–Ladinian) and Ashin (Upper Ladinian). The Alam Formation records several shifts from carbonate to siliciclastic deposition, the Bāqoroq Formation consists of continental conglomerates and the Ashin Formation documents the transition to deep-sea turbiditic sedimentation. Petrographic composition has been studied for sandstones and conglomerates. Provenance analysis for Alam and most of the Ashin samples suggests a volcanic arc setting, whereas the samples from the Bāqoroq Formation are related to exhumation of a metamorphic basement. The provenance data, together with the great thickness, the sudden change of facies, the abundance of volcaniclastic supply, the relatively common occurrence of tuffitic layers and the orogenic calc-alkaline affinity of the volcanism, point to sedimentation along an active margin in a forearc setting. A comparison between the Triassic of Nakhlak and the Triassic succession exposed in the erosional window of Aghdarband (Koppeh Dag, NE Iran) indicates that both were deposited along active margins. However, they do not show the same type of evolution. Nakhlak and Aghdarband have quite different ammonoid faunal affinities during the Early Triassic, but similar faunal composition from the Bithynian to Late Ladinian. These results argue against the location of Nakhlak close to Aghdarband.
Some Notes Concerning the Dynamics of Noncommutative Solitons in the M(atrix) Theory as well as in the Noncommutative Yang--Mills Model

We consider a pair of noncommutative solitons in the noncommutative Yang–Mills/M(atrix) model. In the case when the solitons are separated by a finite distance their “polarisations” do not belong to orthogonal subspaces of the Hilbert space. In this case the interaction between solitons is nontrivial. We analyse the dynamics arisen due to this interaction in both naive approach of rigid solitons and exactly as described by the underlying gauge model. It appears that the exact description is given in terms of finite matrix models/multidimensional mechanics whose dimensionality depends on the initial conditions. The results are being generalised to the case of interacting solitons with arbitrary “polarisations”.
New pantolestids (Mammalia, Eutheria) from the late Paleocene (late middle Tiffanian) Roche Percée local fauna, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

Abstract The Pantolestidae are an extinct family of mammals known principally from the early Paleocene to late Oligocene (from approximately 64 to 30 million years ago) of North America and Europe. Although never particularly abundant, pantolestids are relatively well represented in the Eocene and Oligocene, with several taxa known from exceptionally well-preserved skulls and postcranial material. The early evolutionary history of the group, however, similar to that of many contemporaneous mammals, remains comparatively poorly known. The current study reports on several previously undescribed pantolestids from the early late Paleocene (late middle Tiffanian, Ti4) Roche Percée local fauna, Ravenscrag Formation, of southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada. Aatotomus placochton n. gen. n. sp. resembles the enigmatic pantolestid Paleotomus in having sectorial premolars with well-developed crests and tall, sharp molar trigonids, but differs principally in possessing narrow molar talonids. Besseocetor krausei n. sp. shares numerous similarities with B. thomsoni and B. septentrionalis but differs in being considerably smaller and less robust. Palaeosinopa reclusum n. sp. , the oldest species of Palaeosinopa yet discovered, reveals a unique combination of primitive and derived pantolestid features, and supports previous suggestions of a close evolutionary relationship between Palaeosinopa and Bessoecetor. The new taxa document an unusually high diversity of pantolestids in the Tiffanian of western Canada and provide important new knowledge to the evolutionary history of this group during the Paleocene.
SPTAN1/NUMB axis senses cell density to restrain cell growth and oncogenesis through Hippo signaling

The loss of contact inhibition is a key step during carcinogenesis. The Hippo–Yes-associated protein (Hippo/YAP) pathway is an important regulator of cell growth in a cell density–dependent manner. However, how Hippo signaling senses cell density in this context remains elusive. Here, we report that high cell density induced the phosphorylation of spectrin α chain, nonerythrocytic 1 (SPTAN1), a plasma membrane–stabilizing protein, to recruit NUMB endocytic adaptor protein isoforms 1 and 2 (NUMB1/2), which further sequestered microtubule affinity–regulating kinases (MARKs) in the plasma membrane and rendered them inaccessible for phosphorylation and inhibition of the Hippo kinases sterile 20–like kinases MST1 and MST2 (MST1/2). WW45 interaction with MST1/2 was thereby enhanced, resulting in the activation of Hippo signaling to block YAP activity for cell contact inhibition. Importantly, low cell density led to SPTAN1 dephosphorylation and NUMB cytoplasmic location, along with MST1/2 inhibition and, consequently, YAP activation. Moreover, double KO of NUMB and WW45 in the liver led to appreciable organ enlargement and rapid tumorigenesis. Interestingly, NUMB isoforms 3 and 4, which have a truncated phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain and are thus unable to interact with phosphorylated SPTAN1 and activate MST1/2, were selectively upregulated in liver cancer, which correlated with YAP activation. We have thus revealed a SPTAN1/NUMB1/2 axis that acts as a cell density sensor to restrain cell growth and oncogenesis by coupling external cell-cell contact signals to intracellular Hippo signaling.
Factors Affecting Carotid Artery Stenosis in the Elderly Living at High Altitudes

Background: Factors affecting carotid artery stenosis have been generally investigated. However, considering the protective effect of altitude, studies on elderly individuals at high altitudes are few. Our aim is to investigate the systematic adaptive changes caused by high-altitude exposure through the causes of carotid artery stenosis. Materials and methods: Carotid Doppler ultrasound was performed on 250 patients over the age of 50 years. The patients' age, gender, height, weight, smoking history, place of residence, and presence of comorbidities were questioned. Those with diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and coronary disease were excluded from the study. Those who did not reside at high altitudes were excluded from the study. One hundred and thirty-five patients were included in the study. Carotid artery Doppler findings and biochemical parameters were recorded. Factors affecting stenosis in the carotid arteries were compared. Results: In our study, the factors affecting carotid stenosis were determined to be age, gender, presence of plaque, plaque type, and mean carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). The mean CIMT of the patients was calculated as 0.71±0.14 mm. The mean CIMT measurement level was significantly higher in patients with plaque in the carotid artery (p<0.05). According to receiver operating characteristic curves, CIMT values higher than 0.72 mm increase plaque and stenosis formation in the common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) in elderly people living at high altitudes (p<0.05, area under the curve [AUC]: 0.71-0.83). Conclusions: The most important factors affecting carotid stenosis in individuals living at high altitudes are age, gender, CIMT, plaque, and plaque type. When soft plaques were detected, the risk of stenosis was found to be higher than in calcific plaques. Additionally, the number of factors affecting stenosis was greater on the left (ICA). This suggests that the left carotid system is more vulnerable. It can be said that in elderly individuals living at high altitudes, a CIMT higher than 0.72 mm is a cutoff value in the presence of plaque and stenosis in the carotid arteries.
Alveolar epithelial regeneration in the aging lung

Advancing age is the most important risk factor for the development of and mortality from acute and chronic lung diseases, including pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. This risk was manifest during the COVID-19 pandemic, when elderly people were disproportionately affected and died from SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. However, the recent pandemic also provided lessons on lung resilience. An overwhelming majority of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, even those with severe disease, recovered with near-complete restoration of lung architecture and function. These observations are inconsistent with historic views of the lung as a terminally differentiated organ incapable of regeneration. Here, we review emerging hypotheses that explain how the lung repairs itself after injury and why these mechanisms of lung repair fail in some individuals, particularly the elderly.
The Role of Meteorin-Like Peptide and Asprosin in Colon Carcinoma

Introduction: Colon cancer is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal system cancers on a global scale. Common colonoscopy tests have reduced the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). Although nutrition, microorganisms, and their metabolites are related to colon cancer, the exact mechanism of CRC is still not clear. For this reason, it is of great importance to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of colon oncogenesis. Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively with samples obtained from the laboratory of Firat University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology. A total of 30 patient samples were used. The control group consisted of healthy colon tissues from the same patients, and the other group consisted of colon carcinoma tissues from the same patients. Tissue samples of both groups were evaluated immunohistochemically with meteorin-like (METRNL) peptide and Asprosin. Results: The immunoreactivity of METRNL was found to be lower in colon carcinoma tissues than in healthy colon tissues (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.08 ± 0.03, respectively). Asprosin immunoreactivity was found to be higher in colon carcinoma tissues than in healthy colon tissues (0.4 ± 0.07 and 1.08 ± 0.15, respectively). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was observed that there was a significant difference between healthy colon tissue and colon carcinoma tissue in terms of METRNL and Asprosin expression. Both proteins might be involved in the molecular mechanism of colon carcinoma. This situation is important in terms of diagnosis.
Methane-driven late Pleistocene δ13C minima and overflow reversals in the southwestern Greenland Sea

A core transect across the southwestern Greenland Sea reveals coeval events of extremely negative planktic and benthic δ 1 3 C excursions between 40 and 87 ka. The most pronounced event, event 1, began at peak Dansgaard-Oeschger stadial 22 (85 ka) with a duration of 18 k.y. During this episode, incursions of Atlantic Intermediate Water caused a bottom-water warming of up to 8 °C. The amplitude, timing, and geographic pattern of the δ 1 3 C events suggest that this bottom-water warming triggered clathrate instability along the East Greenland slope and a methane-induced depletion of δ 1 3 C D I C (DIC-dissolved inorganic carbon). Since δ 1 3 C event 1 matches a major peak in atmospheric CH 4 concentration, this clathrate destabilization may have contributed to the rise in atmospheric CH 4 and thus to climate warming over marine isotope stage 5.1.