Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES

In an attempt to understand and explain EFL teachers’ approaches and factors to implement a curriculum to the classroom, scholars have put forward many ideas and theories in research studies. This is to assist language teachers to different teaching pedagogies towards the curriculum and the related determinants. The current paper will initially focus on the teachers’ approaches. Then, the influential factors will be outlined. In the last part of the paper, the implications of these findings for the EFL teachers will be discussed.
Full-scale testing of an ultrasonic guided wave based structural health monitoring system for a thermoplastic composite aircraft primary structure

This paper describes the test campaign of an ultrasonic guided wave (GW) based structural health monitoring system (SHM) deployed on a full-scale stiffened panel of a thermoplastic composite horizontal stabilizer torsion box. The diagnostic capabilities of the SHM system were successfully evaluated by testing barely-visible impact damage of different severities, applied in different critical areas of the structure. The test campaign allowed the successful validation of a novel procedure to consistently and reliably design a piezoelectric transducer network. It also allowed the gathering of strong evidence that piezoelectric transducer technology has appropriate durability characteristics for real SHM applications. Finally, it enabled the study of the influence of audible structural vibrations on GW signals.
Derivation of a non-hydrostatic shallow water model; Comparison with Saint-Venant and Boussinesq systems

From the free surface Navier-Stokes system, we derive the non-hydrostatic Saint-Venant system for the shallow waters including friction and viscosity. The derivation leads to two formulations of growing complexity depending on the level of approximation chosen for the fluid pressure. The obtained models are compared with the Boussinesq models.
Evidence from Takeovers and Corporate Performance

In this article we form the simple prediction that mispricing encourages traders to collect costly information that guides managerial decisions at corporate level. Our findings support this prediction based on evidence derived from both the US market for corporate control as well as the overall variation in aggregate corporate profits. The trading activity in response to the temporary mispricing of the merging companies provides useful information that leads to the design of high-synergy deals. Such synergies are reflected in an increase in the announcement period acquirer abnormal returns and are not reversed in the long-run. At the market-wide level, our results suggest that the growth in the overall stock trading volume in response to market mispricing is associated with high future corporate profit growth. Overall, after controlling for several economic and financial conditions, the temporary mispricing in a developed and generally efficient stock market stimulates informative trading, ultimately leading to valueand performance-enhancing corporate decisions.
Cathepsin B Activity Regulation HEPARIN-LIKE GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS PROTECT HUMAN CATHEPSIN B FROM ALKALINE pH-INDUCED INACTIVATION*

It has been shown that lysosomal cysteine proteinases, specially cathepsin B, has been implicated in a variety of diseases involving tissue remodeling states, such as inflammation, parasite infection, and tumor me-tastasis, by degradation of extracellular matrix components. Recently, we have shown that heparin and heparan sulfate bind to papain specifically; this interaction induces an increase of its a -helix content and stabilizes the enzyme structure even at alkaline pH (Almeida, I. L., Rizzi, C. C. A., Ju´dice, W. A. S., and (1999) In the present work, a combination of circular dichroism analysis, affinity chromatography, cathepsin B mutants, and fluorogenic substrate assays were used to characterize the interaction of human cathepsin B with glycosaminoglycans. The nature of the cathepsin B-glycosaminoglycans interaction was sensitive to the charge and type of po-lysaccharide. Like papain, heparin and heparan sulfate bind cathepsin B specifically, and this interaction re-duces the loss of cathepsin B a -helix content at alkaline pH. Our data show that the coupling of cathepsin B with heparin or heparan sulfate can potentiate the endopeptidase activity of the cathepsin B, increasing 5-fold the half-life ( t 1 ⁄ 2 ) of the enzyme at alkaline pH. Most of these effects are related to the interaction of heparin and heparan sulfate with His 111 residue of the cathepsin B occluding loop. These results strongly suggest that heparan sulfate may be an important binding site for cathepsin B at cell surface, reporting a novel physiolog-ical role for heparan sulfate proteoglycans. influence of alkaline on a -helix structure of wild-type cathepsin a -helix structures of wild-type cathepsin given time pH 8.0 exposition; E cathepsin B a -helix content, on alkaline pH, at zero time of inactivation; K unfolding first-order of pH 8.0-induced unfolding of cathepsin B; R the residual a -helix content, independent of pH 8.0. Heparin-Sepharose Affinity Chromatography— Wild-type cathepsin B (1 m M ) dissolved in 50 m M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) was applied on a heparin-Sepharose column (3 ml) previously equilibrated at 4 °C in the same buffer. A linear NaCl gradient (0–1 M ) was used to elute the bonded material. The collected fractions were monitored by cathepsin B enzymatic activity upon substrate Cbz-FR-MCA. alkaline pH-induced dissociation
Construction of pseudobosons systems

In a recent paper we have considered an explicit model of a PT-symmetric system based on a modification of the canonical commutation relation. We have introduced the so-called pseudobosons, and the role of Riesz bases in this context has been analyzed in detail. In this paper we consider a general construction of pseudobosons based on an explicit coordinate representation, extending what is usually done in ordinary supersymmetric quantum mechanics. We also discuss an example arising from a linear modification of standard creation and annihilation operators, and we analyze its connection with coherent states.
Shear modules of claysand mixtures using bender element test

Bender-element (BE) tests were conducted on clay-sand mixtures to investigate the variation of small strain-shear modulus (Gmax) with the sand content and the physical characteristics (size, shape) of the sand grains in the mixtures. Three different gradations (0.6–0.3 mm, 1.0–0.6 mm and 2.0–1.0 mm) of sands having distinct shapes (rounded, angular) were added to a low-plasticity clay with mixture ratios of 0% (clean clay), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. For the purposes of performing a correlation analysis, unconfined compression (UC) tests were also carried out on the same specimens. The tests indicated that both the Gmax and unconfined compressive strength (qu) values of the specimens with angular sand grains were measured to be lower than those with rounded sand grains, for all sizes and percentages. As the percentage of sand in the mixture increases, the Gmax values increase, while the qu values decrease. The results further suggested that the Gmax values decrease as the qu values decreases as the size of the sand grains reduces.
An Isoperimetric Inequality for Fundamental Tones of Free Plates

We establish an isoperimetric inequality for the fundamental tone (first nonzero eigenvalue) of the free plate of a given area, proving the ball is maximal. Given τ > 0, the free plate eigenvalues ω and eigenfunctions u are determined by the equation ΔΔu − τΔu = ωu together with certain natural boundary conditions. The boundary conditions are complicated but arise naturally from the plate Rayleigh quotient, which contains a Hessian squared term |D2u|2.We adapt Weinberger’s method from the corresponding free membrane problem, taking the fundamental modes of the unit ball as trial functions. These solutions are a linear combination of Bessel and modified Bessel functions.
Mittag-Leffler conditions on modules

We study Mittag-Leffler conditions on modules providing relative versions of classical results by Raynaud and Gruson. We then apply our investigations to several contexts. First of all, we give a new argument for solving the Baer splitting problem. Moreover, we show that modules arising in cotorsion pairs satisfy certain Mittag-Leffler conditions. In particular, this implies that tilting modules satisfy a useful finiteness condition over their endomorphism ring. In the final section, we focus on a special tilting cotorsion pair related to the pure-semisimplicity conjecture.
SUNLIGHT AND VITAMIN D; A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE FOR HEALTH

Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin and its synthesis in the body is dependent on multiple factors like latitude, atmospheric pollution, clothing, skin pigmentation and duration and time of exposure to sunlight. The WHO Expert Consultation5 states that in most locations of the world between 42° N and 42°S latitude there is abundant sunshine (1). This is responsible for physiological production of Vitamin D endogenously in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol present in the subcutaneous fat. Dress code, skin pigmentation, and application of sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 reduce the UVB penetration into epidermis by > 95%, thereby limiting the production of previtamin D3 by the skin. Thirty minutes of exposure of the skin over the arms and face to sunlight, without application of sunscreen, preferably between 10 am to 2 pm (as maximum ultraviolet B rays are transmitted during this time) daily is adequate to avoid Vitamin D deficiency. Casual exposure to solar radiation wavelengths 290–315 nm results in the cutaenious production of pre vitD3.1, 2). During sun exposure the UVB photons (290–315 nm) that enter the epidermis cause a photo chemical transformation of 7dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) (pro vitamin D3) to pre vitamin D3. However from the data available in the published literature, Vit D deficiency is very common in India in all the age groups and both sexes across the country (1-3).
Extreme value statistics from the real space renormalization group: Brownian motion, Bessel processes and continuous time random walks

We use the real space renormalization group (RSRG) method to study extreme value statistics for a variety of Brownian motions, free or constrained, such as the Brownian bridge, excursion, meander and reflected bridge, recovering some standard results, and extending others. We apply the same method to compute the distribution of extrema of Bessel processes. We briefly show how the continuous time random walk (CTRW) corresponds to a non-standard fixed point of the RSRG transformation.
Quantum Exchangeable Sequences of Algebras

We extend the notion of quantum exchangeability, introduced by K\"ostler and Speicher in arXiv:0807.0677, to sequences (\rho_1,\rho_2,.c) of homomorphisms from an algebra C into a noncommutative probability space (A,\phi), and prove a free de Finetti theorem: an infinite quantum exchangeable sequence (\rho_1,\rho_2,.c) is freely independent and identically distributed with respect to a conditional expectation. As a corollary we obtain a free analogue of the Hewitt Savage zero-one law. As in the classical case, the theorem fails for finite sequences. We give a characterization of finite quantum exchangeable sequences, which can be viewed as a noncommutative analogue of sampling without replacement. We then give an approximation to how far a finite quantum exchangeable sequence is from being freely independent with amalgamation.
Effect of Knowledge Transfer on Economic Sustainability With Network Strength as Moderating

This study aims to examine the effect of knowledge transfer on sustainability in the agricultural sector in Boyolali district and examine the effect of network strength as a moderating variable in the influence of knowledge transfer on economic sustainability. The data were conducted through a survey using a questionnaire with purposive sampling to 119 heads of farmer group cooperatives in Boyolali district, with a questionnaire level of 98 percent. This study applied a hierarchcal regression to test the research model used. The results show that knowledge transfer has significant influence on economic sustainability in the agricultural sector. Finding knowledge in the context of the agricultural sector in Boyolali district has a relationship that is not in line with economic sustainability. While knowledge sharing carried out positively affects on economic sustainability. The power of knowledge sharing in influencing sustainability is largely determined by the strength of the network they have.
Determinantal point processes and fermions on complex manifolds: Bulk universality

Determinantal point processes on a compact complex manifold X are considered in the limit of many particles. The correlation kernels of the processes are the Bergman kernels associated to a a high power of a given Hermitian holomorphic line bundle L over X. It is shown that the defining random measure on X of the process, describing the particle locations, converges in probability towards a pluripotential equilibrium measure, expressed as a Monge-Ampere measure. Its smooth fluctuations in the bulk are shown to be asymptotically normal and the limiting variance is explicitly computed. A scaling limit of the correlation functions is shown to be universal and expressed in terms of (the higher dimensional analog of) the Ginibre ensemble. This setting applies in particular to normal random matrix ensembles and multivariate orthogonal polynomials. Relation to phase transitions, direct image bundles and tunneling of ground state fermions in strong magnetic fields (i.e. exponentially small eigenvalues of the Dolbeault Laplacian) are also explored.
Dose Paraquat Poisoning With Hemoperfusion

* Corresponding Author: Soraya Mohammadian, MD. Address: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Tel: +98 (41) 35498260 E-mail: smohammadian01@yahoo.com Paraquat (PQ), as an herbicide, is mostly used by farmers, especially in the north-west of Iran. Easy access to PQ is the reason for PQ intoxication in farm ers. However, poisoning with PQ is rare. Most of the PQ-poisoned patients ingest it deliberately and following a suicidal attempt. PQ poisoning treatment has a poor outcome; only a small dose of slightly more than 10 mL PQ could be harmful and damage lungs forever. Under the conditions of no specific clinical feature, proper history, and diagnostic test, diagnosis is usually difficult. The ingestion of PQ in toxic doses could be fatal, destroying the lungs, kidney, heart, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and other organs. To remove PQ from the blood and intoxicants, one of the best recommendations is Hemo perfusion (HP), as an extracorporeal method. In this case report, according to our treatments, early management of high lethal dose PQ poisoning, especially with HP could reduce the morbidity and mortality rates. A B S T R A C T
Money and the Natural Rate of Interest: Structural Estimates for the U.K., the U.S., and the Euro Area

In this paper, we look at the role of money in a general framework that encompasses three competing environments: the New Keynesian model with separable utility and static money demand; the nonseparable utility variant with habit formation; and the New Keynesian model modi ed to allow for adjustment costs for holding real balances. The last two models imply a forward-looking character of real money balances, that conveys on money an important role as a monetary policy indicator. We distinguish between these alternative speci cations by conducting a structural econometric analysis for the U.S., the euro area, and the U.K. FIML estimates con rm the forward-looking character of money demand. Using these estimates we nd that, in response to preferences and technology shocks, money incorporates useful information regarding future variations in the natural interest rate. Universidad de Valencia, Bank of Spain and CEPR, and Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis and CEPR, respectively. Emails: javier.andres@uv.es; davidl@bde.es; and edward.nelson@stls.frb. org, respectively. We thank Andrew Blake, Ali Dib, Chris Erceg, Luca Guerreri, Andy Levin, and seminar and workshop participants at the Bank of Canada, Bank of Spain, Federal Reserve Board, CEMFI (MadMac) and the 2004 EEAESEM for helpful comments and conversations, and Thomas Westermann for help in obtaining data. Jason Buol and Justin Hauke provided research assistance. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as those of the Bank of Spain, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, or the Federal Reserve System.
Variation of the canonical height for a family of polynomials

A theorem of Tate asserts that, for an elliptic surface E/X defined over a number field k, and a section P of E, there exists a divisor D on X such that the canonical height of the specialization of P to the fibre above t differs from the height of t relative to D by at most a bounded amount. We prove the analogous statement for a one-parameter family of polynomial dynamical systems. Moreover, we compare, at each place of k, the local canonical height with the local contribution to the height relative to D, and show that the difference is analytic near the support of D, a result which is analogous to results of Silverman in the elliptic surface context.
Global and Local Trends Affecting the Experience of US and UK Healthcare Professionals during COVID-19: Twitter Text Analysis

Background: Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are on the frontline of fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent reports have indicated that, in addition to facing an increased risk of being infected by the virus, HCPs face an increased risk of suffering from emotional difficulties associated with the pandemic. Therefore, understanding HCPs’ experiences and emotional displays during emergencies is a critical aspect of increasing the surge capacity of communities and nations. Methods: In this study, we analyzed posts published by HCPs on Twitter to infer the content of discourse and emotions of the HCPs in the United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK), before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The tweets of 25,207 users were analyzed using natural language processing (NLP). Results: Our results indicate that HCPs in the two countries experienced common health, social, and political issues related to the pandemic, reflected in their discussion topics, sentiments, and emotional display. However, the experiences of HCPs in the two countries are also subject to local socio-political trends, as well as cultural norms regarding emotional display. Conclusions: Our results support the potential of utilizing Twitter discourse to monitor and predict public health responses in emergencies.
Direct Power Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generator Using Extended Power Theory Under Unbalanced Network

This paper proposes a novel direct power control (DPC) method for the doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) power control system. The proposed DPC method is based on extended power theory rather than conventional instantaneous power theory. The proposed method calculates the rotor reference voltage based on the principle of deadbeat power control. Then, it synthesizes the rotor reference voltage using space vector modulation (SVM). As a result, the switching frequency is constant, and satisfactory control performance is achieved under both balanced and unbalanced network conditions. This technique achieves the control target of ensuring a constant stator-side active power, constant extended reactive power, and sinusoidal stator currents without power compensation terms or other measures under unbalanced network conditions. Different from other DPC-SVM methods, the phase-locked loop block is eliminated and the whole structure of the control system is simple and easy to use. No parameter needs to be tuned in the proposed method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by the presented simulation and experimental results on a 1.5-kW laboratory DFIG control system.
Global regularity for some classes of large solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations

In previous works by the first two authors, classes of initial data to the three-dimensional, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations were presented, generating a global smooth solution although the norm of the initial data may be chosen arbitrarily large. The main feature of the initial data considered in one of those studies is that it varies slowly in one direction, though in some sense it is "well-prepared" (its norm is large but does not depend on the slow parameter). The aim of this article is to generalize that setting to an "ill prepared" situation (the norm blows up as the small parameter goes to zero). As in those works, the proof uses the special structure of the nonlinear term of the equation.
Stein's Method and Stochastic Orderings

A stochastic ordering approach is applied with Stein's method for approximation by the equilibrium distribution of a birth-death process. The usual stochastic order and the more general s-convex orders are discussed. Attention is focused on Poisson and translated Poisson approximations of a sum of dependent Bernoulli random variables, for example, k-runs in independent and identically distributed Bernoulli trials. Other applications include approximation by polynomial birth-death distributions.
Sub-Riemannian and sub-Lorentzian geometry on $\SU(1,1)$ and on its universal cover

We study sub-Riemannian and sub-Lorentzian geometry on the Lie group SU(1, 1) and on its universal cover CSU(1, 1). In the sub-Riemannian case we find the distance function and completely describe sub-Riemannian geodesics on both SU(1, 1) and CSU(1, 1), connecting two fixed points. In particular, we prove that there is a strong connection between the conjugate loci and the number of geodesics. In the subLorentzian case, we describe the geodesics connecting two points on CSU(1, 1), and compare them with Lorentzian ones. It turns out that the reachable sets for Lorentzian and sub-Lorentzian normal geodesics intersect but are not included one to the other. A description of the timelike future is obtained and compared in the Lorentzian and sub-Lorentzain cases.
Sur la dualite et la descente d'Iwasawa

Nous developpons - en nous appuyant sur l'exemple concret des unites cyclotomiques et du groupe de classes en theorie d'Iwasawa cyclotomique de nouveaux outils pour une etude generale de la descente et de la codescente, dans l'optique de comparer ces deux points de vue duaux. Si A = (A n ) est un « systeme normique » (i.e. une collection de modules galoisiens avec donnees supplementaires), attache a une extension de Lie p-adique fixee d'algebre d'Iwasawa A, nous montrons principalement qu'il existe un morphisme naturel R lim A n → RHom A (RHom Zp (lim A n , Z p ), A) lequel peut. etre muni d'un cone fonctoriel mesurant a la fois le defaut de descente (pour les A n ) et. celui de codescente. Grâce a un raffinement de la dualite de Poincare, on aboutit a une relation eclairante entre les deux. Nous detaillons comment les resultats connus du cadre cyclotomique s'integrent dans cette etude, et donnons des generalisations au cas des Zp-extensions multiples.