Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Switching from Monthly to Three-Monthly Long-Acting Injectable Paliperidone: A Survey on Subjective Satisfaction and Safety

Introduction Poor adherence to antipsychotic medication is common in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Paliperidone palmitate 3-monthly (PP3M) is the first long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic to allow for only four medication administrations per year, and although there is sufficient information available about the clinical effects, there is relatively limited insight into the subjective experience of people with lived experience. Methods This descriptive, cross-sectional survey explored patient’s satisfaction and perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages of switching from monthly to 3-monthly paliperidone while also reporting on perceived levels of safety with regard to the reducing dose regimen during the Covid-19 pandemic. Information on discontinuation and hospitalisation rates at one year was also collected from the electronic records. Results Of the 46 patients included in the study, the vast majority reported feeling satisfied (89.2%) and safer (93.5%) after switching to the three-monthly formulation. Participants highlighted several advantages of changing to PP3M, most notably convenience (93.5%), improved quality of life (58.7%), decreased stigma (39.1%) and better adherence (28.3%). Furthermore, 93.5% of respondents experienced no disadvantages, while 6.5% described worsening side effects or symptoms. In fact, only one patient discontinued PP3M at one year with the overall number of hospitalisations also reducing in the same period compared to the year before switching. Discussion Our findings add to the small, but growing, body of evidence supporting patient satisfaction and acceptance with the use of PP3M and may reinforce the use of less frequent LAIs in clinical practice to enhance individual experience and treatment persistence and decrease levels of stigmatisation.
Experimental Study of the Shaft Penetration Factor on the Torsional Dynamic Response of a Drive Train

Typical rotating machinery drive trains are prone to torsional vibrations. Especially those drive trains that comprise one or more couplings which connect the multiple shafts. Since these vibrations rarely produce noise or vibration of the stationary frame, their presence is hardly noticeable. Moreover, unless an expensive torsional-related problem has become obvious, such drive trains are not instrumented with torsional vibration measurement equipment. Excessive levels can easily cause damage or even complete failure of the machine. So, when designing or retrofitting a machine, a comprehensive and detailed numerical torsional vibration analysis is crucial to avoid such problems. However, to accurately calculate the torsional modes, one has to account for the penetration effect of the shaft in the coupling hub, indicated by the shaft penetration factor, on the torsional stiffness calculation. Many guidelines and assumptions have been published for the stiffness calculation, however, its effect on the damping and the dynamic amplification factor are less known. In this paper, the effect of the shaft penetration factor, and hence coupling hub-to-shaft connection, on the dynamic torsional response of the system is determined by an experimental study. More specifically, the damping is of major interest. Accordingly, a novel academic test setup is developed in which several configurations, with each a different shaft penetration factor, are considered. Besides, different amplitude levels, along with both a sweep up and down excitation, are used to identify their effect on the torsional response. The measurement results show a significant influence of the shaft penetration factor on the system’s first torsional mode. By increasing the shaft penetration factor, and thus decreasing the hub-to-shaft interference, a clear eigenfrequency drop along with an equally noticeable damping increase, is witnessed. On the contrary, the influence of the sweep up versus down excitation is less pronounced.
Recent Advances for Dynamic-Based Therapy of Atherosclerosis

Abstract Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which may lead to high morbidity and mortality. Currently, the clinical treatment strategy for AS is administering drugs and performing surgery. However, advanced therapy strategies are urgently required because of the deficient therapeutic effects of current managements. Increased number of energy conversion-based organic or inorganic materials has been used in cancer and other major disease treatments, bringing hope to patients with the development of nanomedicine and materials. These treatment strategies employ specific nanomaterials with specific own physiochemical properties (external stimuli: light or ultrasound) to promote foam cell apoptosis and cholesterol efflux. Based on the pathological characteristics of vulnerable plaques, energy conversion-based nano-therapy has attracted increasing attention in the field of anti-atherosclerosis. Therefore, this review focuses on recent advances in energy conversion-based treatments. In addition to summarizing the therapeutic effects of various techniques, the regulated pathological processes are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and prospects for further development of dynamic treatment for AS are discussed.
Evaluation of Young Adults' Knowledge of STIs AND HIV/AIDS in the Health Area of the Korofina-Sud-Salembougou Community Health Centre (MALI)

Introduction: STIs have a profound impact on sexual and reproductive health worldwide. The risks of transmission are linked to age and sexual behaviour. The aim of this study was to assess young adults' knowledge of STIs/AIDS in order to prevent the risks. Materials and Method: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional qualitative study of 170 randomly selected people in the health area of the Korofina-Sud and Salembougou community health centre (ASACOKOSSA). Results: The most common STIs were HIV (98.8%), urinary tract infections (92.9%), gonorrhoea (88.2%), genital mycoses (87.7%), syphilis (77.6%) and papillomavirus (74.7%). Although condoms, fidelity and abstinence were known as means of protection in 58.8%, 32.9% and 13.5% respectively, erroneous knowledge existed and risky behaviour was adopted. Conclusion: The family was far from being a place for sex education for young single people. Awareness-raising initiatives seemed to be needed to help parents talk to their unmarried young adults about sexuality, so that they could pass on the right information.
Analgesic effect of sacral erector spinae, penile and caudal block after hypospadias surgery: A randomized single blind controlled trial

ABSTRACT Background Hypospadias surgery is associated with acute postoperative pain needing long-term analgesia. Regional anaesthesia is commonly used with general anaesthesia (GA). We aim to compare sacral erector spinae plane block (ESPB) caudal and penile blocks in pain management following hypospadias surgery. Patients and methods This randomized controlled single blind trial was established on 132 pediatric cases aged from 1 to 5 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II, planned for hypospadias surgery. Cases were classified into three equal groups; group C: received caudal block (CB) (1 ml/kg bupivacaine 0.25%, maximum 20 ml), group P: received penile block (0.1 ml/kg bupivacaine 0.5%, maximum 2.5 ml) and finally, group E: received ultrasound guided sacral bilateral ESPB (1 mL/kg 0.25% bupivacaine, maximum 20 ml). The blocks were done after GA induction and before the surgical incision. Results Time to 1st rescue analgesia was significantly delayed in groups C and E than group P (P < 0.001) and was insignificantly different between groups C and E. Total pethidine consumption was significantly lower in groups C and E than group P (P = 0.003, and 0.028, respectively). FLACC scores were significantly lower in groups C and E than group P at 4, 6, 8 and 12 h (p < 0.05) and were insignificantly different between groups C and E. Penile engorgement was insignificantly different among the three groups. Conclusion Both ESPB and CB had better pain control and lower opioid consumption compared to penile block, but CB is associated with incidence with penile engorgement and hypotensiveness than other techniques.
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Young Adults (18–25 Years) in Mozambique

The life course development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the undergoing epidemiological transition in Mozambique highlight the importance of monitoring the cardiovascular risk profile in young adults. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of CVD risk factors in a population aged 18–25 years living in Mozambique. A total of 776 young adults from a nationally representative sample were evaluated in 2014/2015 following the World Health Organization’s STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. Current smoking was the most prevalent among rural men (10.8%, 95%CI: 6.3–17.8), and drinking was most prevalent among urban men (38.6%, 95%CI: 29.3–48.8). The proportion of young adults not engaging in at least 75 min of vigorous physical activity per week ranged between 14.5% in rural men and 61.6% in urban women. The prevalence of being overweight/obese and hypertension were highest among urban women (21.6%, 95%CI: 14.7–30.6) and urban men (25.2%, 95%CI: 15.9–37.6), respectively. Education >8 years (vs. none) was independently associated with lower odds of being a current smoker, and increased monthly household income was associated with increased odds of low levels of physical activity. This study shows that important CVD risk factors are already common in the young adult population of Mozambique.
Explainable Learning: Implicit Generative Modelling during Training for Adversarial Robustness

We introduce Explainable Learning ,ExL, an approach for training neural networks that are intrinsically robust to adversarial attacks. We find that the implicit generative modelling of random noise, during posterior maximization, improves a model's understanding of the data manifold furthering adversarial robustness. We prove our approach's efficacy and provide a simplistic visualization tool for understanding adversarial data, using Principal Component Analysis. Our analysis reveals that adversarial robustness, in general, manifests in models with higher variance along the high-ranked principal components. We show that models learnt with ExL perform remarkably well against a wide-range of black-box attacks.
On Variance Adjustment in Tree-Ring Chronology Development

Introduction In dendrochronology it is common practice to create a mean-value function as the best estimate of the trees’ signal at a site. This averaging process helps eliminate noise particular to individual trees and cores thereby increasing the signal quality. The variance of the meanvalue function, however, depends upon the number of series averaged together and their interseries correlation (Wigley et al. 1984). As the number of single series rarely remains constant in dendrochonological or more generally climatic investigations, simple averaging routinely produces changes in variance that are solely a by-product of changes in the number of series. This issue extends into a wide variety of fields; relevant examples from global change studies include the construction of instrumental averages with diminishing numbers of stations and spatial representativity back in time (Jones et al. 1999), averages of proxy networks for climate reconstruction (Esper et al. 2002), and in the construction of individual tree-ring chronologies (e.g., Esper et al. 2005, this volume). Osborn et al. (1997) theoretically provided and experimentally tested a correction procedure to eliminate variance changes resulting from changing sample replication. The basic correction centers around the use of the effective independent sample size, Neff, which considers the sample replication at every time and the mean interseries correlation (hereafter, rbar) between the samples. This is defined as:
Radiation effects on turbulent natural convection in optically thick participating fluids using direct numerical simulation

ABSTRACT We performed a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the turbulent natural convection between two parallel plates at a Rayleigh number of Ra = 8.0 × 106, focusing on the turbulent natural convection affected by radiation in an optically thick fluid . When the effects of the radiation were considered, the flow structure and temperature distribution in the channel changed as the optical thickness of the fluid increased. The effects of the radiation on the turbulent natural convection were clearly explained by the turbulence statistics from the DNS results.
The Inversion Capped ABL of the Winter Monsoon over the East China Sea during AMTEX

The observed thermodynamic structure of the winter monsoon ABL during the air-mass transformation experiment is studied with a simple steady-state inversion model, taking into account the effects of large-scale subsidence, turbulent mixing, advection and radiative cooling. The model output provides the heights of cloud base and inversion, the profiles of static energy and mixing ratio and also the vertical profiles of the turbulent fluxes. The results of this steady-state model are in accordance with observations and other computations, and indicate, that the main processes are included into the model. The strong dependence of the results on some of the input parameters is shown by a sensitivity test.
Occurrence and Patterns of Enterotoxin Genes, spa Types and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Staphylococcus aureus in Food and Food Contact Surfaces in Singapore

Staphylococcus aureus contamination of food and food contact surfaces is a public health concern given its virulent and antimicrobial-resistant properties worldwide. In this study, a total of 181 MSSA isolates were analyzed for SE genes, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and spa types. Overall, 24.9% of isolates were positive for SE gene detection, with sea being the most prevalent classical SE (18.8%). The most predominant sample sources for SE gene contamination were hand swabs for sea (6/48), meat dishes for seb (3/14) and seafood dishes for sec (2/24). Antimicrobial resistance was also observed at relatively high frequencies for the clinically important antibiotics penicillin G and ampicillin (both 54.7%), followed by tetracycline (14.9%) and azithromycin (8.8%). In addition, characterization of spa types revealed spa type t5078 to be the most predominant (40.3%), with significant associations between spa types t127 and t5521 and the sea gene. This study offers insights into the enterotoxin gene and antimicrobial resistance profiles of S. aureus in cooked or ready-to-eat food to inform future surveillance and epidemiological studies.
Enhancing Grey Wolf Optimizer With Levy Flight for Engineering Applications

Since Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) first introduction, it continues to be used extensively today, owing to its simplicity, easy handling, and applicability to a wide range of problems. Although there are many different GWO variants in the literature, the problem that the GWO produces early convergence and inefficient results have still continued to emerge in their variants. In order to overcome the drawbacks of the GWO, the GWO integrated together with Levy Flight (LFGWO) is proposed. In order to demonstrate the overall performance of the LFGWO, experiments are conducted using the 23 standard benchmark functions and 10 composition functions of CEC 2019 compared with the other eight state-of-art algorithms. The 28 out of 33 average and 27 out of 33 standard deviation values obtained by LFGWO are all less than those obtained by the other eight optimization algorithms, which verified and demonstrated the performance, stability, and robustness of the LFGWO. The extensibility test with different scales of dimensions 50, 100, 300, and 500, is undertaken by comparing LFGWO with GWO and IGWO to assess the dimensional influence on problem consistency and optimization quality. Moreover, the performance of the LFGWO has also been tested on five real-world problems and infinite impulse response (IIR) challenging model identification, experimental results and statistical tests demonstrate that the performance of LFGWO is significantly better than the other compared algorithms, and the LFGWO is capable of solving real-world problems.
Visual Acuity Prior to Cataract Surgery and Risk of Retinal Detachment – A Population-Based Study

Purpose To analyze preoperative visual acuity before cataract surgery regarding the risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after cataract surgery. Methods The preoperative visual acuity in an observational cohort study of patients undergoing cataract surgery in Skåne, southern Sweden, during 2015–2017 was analyzed with data retrieved from the Swedish National Cataract Register. This was then cross-referenced with patients undergoing surgery for retinal detachment at the Skåne University Hospital in Lund from 2015 to 2020. The main outcome was the risk–benefit ratio of measuring preoperative visual acuity before cataract surgery and the risk of RRD. Results The mean visual acuity in the whole study group (N=58,624), expressed as LogMAR, was 0.40 ± 0.32 (SD). In the group with RRD (n=298), the mean visual acuity was 0.44 ± 0.36 (p=0.07). In the subgroups of RRD, those aged <60 years 0.49 ± 0.44 (p=0.07), aged <60 years and axial length (AL) >25 mm 0.42 ± 0.38 (p=0.68), and in those aged <60 years, AL >25 mm and male sex 0.44 ± 0.39 (p=0.53). However, there is considerable variations in visual acuity of the various groups and in the high-risk group with RRD aged <60 years with AL>25 mm, 15% had a visual acuity of 0.8 or better in the operated eye. Conclusion There must be strong indications for performing cataract surgery in those with a high risk of retinal detachment, and the patient must be given adequate information on the risk of retinal detachment.
Interpreting argumental n-words as answers to negative wh-questions

This paper aims to provide an explanation of the lexical characterisation and final semantic interpretation associated with isolated argumental n-words in Question-Answer pairs in Negative Concord languages, namely Catalan and Spanish. We argue that there are two competing lexical variants of n-words in these languages: a polarity variant and a negative existential quantifier variant. Accessibility to these two lexical characterizations of n-words is correlated with one of the two possible final interpretations of isolated argumental n-words when used as fragment answers to negative wh-questions. Following a Structured Meaning approach to the semantics of Question-Answer pairs, we present a new analysis of n-words as focus constituents with respect to background wh-questions according to which a final single negation reading can only be inferred from n-words conceived as indefinite polarity items, whereas a Double Negation reading is inferred from negative quantifiers.
‘Running during the Covid-19 lockdown: reshuffling the pedestrian order’

Abstract In ordinary circumstances, many scholars take for granted the fact that pedestrians are mostly walkers, probably because they perceive runners as constituting a marginal population to whom they pay little attention. However, at the early stage of the coronavirus pandemic, runners became the focus of heated controversies. Could locked-down people be allowed to run for their health and mental wellbeing, or was the egoistic pleasure of runners unacceptable at such a time that called for solidarity? Given their increased exhalation, did runners pose a threat to walking pedestrians? This paper addresses these issues, based on a collection of 1,638 messages posted on an online forum, on the topic ‘Is it irresponsible to go running at this time? ’ during the French lockdown and the subsequent weeks. The analysis of this material shows how walkers and runners became wary of each other because the other might be infected. The repetition of this experience led people to question their respective behaviors and identities, their right to occupy the public space and the meaning of their practice. It also led them to value part of it, such as the connection with nature – the Covid-19 experience thus contributed to reshuffle the pedestrian order.
On Maximal Homogeneous 3-Geometries—A Polyhedron Algorithm for Space Tilings

In this paper we introduce a polyhedron algorithm that has been developed for finding space groups. In order to demonstrate the problem and the main steps of the algorithm, we consider some regular plane tilings in our examples, and then we generalize the method for 3-dimensional spaces. Applying the algorithm and its computer implementation we investigate periodic, face-to-face, regular polyhedron tilings in 3-spaces of constant curvature and of the other homogeneous 3-geometries, too. We summarize and visualize the most important results, emphasizing the fixed-point-free space groups which determine 3-dimensional manifolds.
Effect of sit-to-stand-based training on muscle quality in sedentary adults: a randomized controlled trial

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of sit-to-stand (STS) training programs with 5 vs. 10 repetitions on muscle architecture and muscle function in sedentary adults. Sixty participants were randomly assigned into three groups: five-repetition STS (5STS), 10-repetition STS (10STS), or a control group (CG). Participants performed three sets of five or 10 repetitions of the STS exercise three times per week for 8 weeks. Before and after 8 weeks, all groups performed ultrasound measures to evaluate muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), and fascicle length (FL), and the five-repetition STS test to estimate the relative STS power and muscle quality index (MQI). After 8 weeks, both experimental groups improved MQI (40–45%), relative STS power (29–38%), and MT (8–9%) (all p < 0.001; no differences between the 5STS vs. 10STS groups). These improvements in both groups resulted in differences regarding the CG, which did not present any change. In addition, only the 5STS group improved PA (15%; p = 0.008) without differences to the 10STS and CG.This suggests that STS training is time-effective and low-cost for improving muscle function and generating adaptations in muscle architecture.