Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Articulation in Taqbaylit and Tashelhit Berber

This paper deals with the form/function mapping of information structure on word-order in two Berber lects, Taqbaylit (Kabyle) and Tashelhit (Shilha). We claim that the general assumption according to which Berber should be strictly VSO is wrong, and we argue for a more cautious approach, that takes into account language variation inside Berber. We show that pragmatics trigger the emergence of (relatively stable) discourse-confi gurationality, without giving rise to a VSO>SVO shift. We compare Taqbaylit and Tashelhit in terms of information structure and word order variation, and come to the conclusion that, while there is good reason to classify Taqbaylit as discourseconfi gurational, Tashelhit is somewhat more restrictive in terms of word order fl exibility. We link those characteristics with case-marking: the distinction between free state and annexation state is more clearly a dependency-oriented phenomenon in Taqbaylit, while it corresponds more closely to a subject (or marked nominative) versus absolute case system in Tashelhit.
Perceived Authentic Leadership, Work-Related Flow, and Creative Work Behavior: Moderating Role of Organizational Structures

The present study aimed to establish the role of perceived authentic leadership in work-related flow and creativity of employees of flat and tall organizations. Additionally, moderating role of organizational structure (flat and tall) in predicting creative work behavior was also appraised. Sample (N = 1180) comprised of male and female employees (mean age = 33.24 years) working in marketing departments of banks (n = 600) and software companies (n = 580). Results showed that perceived authentic leadership positively predicted work-related flow and creative work behavior. Similarly, work-related flow also positively predicted creativity at workplace. Furthermore, relationship between perceived authentic leadership and creative work behavior was moderated by organizational structure. Results also showed that employees working in software houses (flat organization) expressed favorable perceptions and experiences of authentic leadership, work-related flow, and creative work behavior as compared to those working in banks (tall organization). Implications of the present study for employees and management were also discussed.
Bank Risk-Taking in a Small Open Economy

I develop an open economy model with banks facing foreign borrowing limits. The interaction of banks' limited liability and deposit insurance leads banks into socially excessive risk-taking, which involves credit volume and not the type of credit. The novel result is that, under a realistic calibration, a lower foreign interest rate reduces the excessive bank risk-taking. Since the foreign borrowing limit is binding, this lower rate does not boost banks' credit, but rather decreases it, since for a given capital the lower rate reduces the default probability of banks, which diminishes their risk-taking incentives. Through the same mechanism, a greater access to the international credit markets reduces the excessive risk-taking by banks. Hence, less banking regulation to achieve socially efficient risk-taking is required after a foreign rate reduction and a higher foreign borrowing limit.
Medical error: concept, characterization and management

Abstract The objective of this study is to better understand the tensions involved in the fear of making an error due to the harm and risk this would pose to those involved. This is a qualitative study based on the narratives of the experiences lived by ten acting physicians in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The concept and characterization of errors were discussed, as well as the fear of making an error, the near misses or error in itself, how to deal with errors and what to do to avoid them. The analysis indicates an excessive pressure in the medical profession for error-free practices, with a well-established physician-patient relationship to facilitate the management of medical errors. The error occurs but the lack of information and discussion often leads to its concealment due to fear of possible judgment by society or peers. The establishment of programs that encourage appropriate medical conduct in the event of an error requires coherent answers for humanization in Brazilian medical science.
DDDT_A_204135 2603..2618

Andreas Baranowski 1 Ludwig Schlemmer Katharina Förster Ekaterina Slotina Tim Mickan Sebastian Truffel Anja Klein Stefan G Mattyasovszky Alexander Hofmann Ulrike Ritz Pol M Rommens 1Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; 2Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics 1, Westpfalz-Medical Centre Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany Background: After a trauma, exuberant tissue healing with fibrosis of the joint capsule can lead to posttraumatic joint stiffness (PTJS). Losartan and atorvastatin have both shown their antifibrotic effects in different organ systems. Objective: The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the influence of losartan and atorvastatin on the early development of joint contracture. In addition to joint angles, the change in myofibroblast numbers and the distribution of bone sialoprotein (BSP) were assessed. Study design and methods: In this randomized and blinded experimental study with 24 rats, losartan and atorvastatin were compared to a placebo. After an initial joint injury, rat knees were immobilized with a Kirschner wire. Rats received either losartan, atorvastatin or a placebo orally daily. After 14 days, joint angle measurements and histological assessments were performed. Results: Losartan increased the length of the inferior joint capsule. Joint angle and other capsule length measurements did not reveal significant differences between both drugs and the placebo. At cellular level both losartan and atorvastatin reduced the total number of myofibroblasts (losartan: 191±77, atorvastatin: 98±58, placebo: 319±113 per counting field, p<0.01) and the percentage area of myofibroblasts (losartan: 2.8±1.8% [p<0.05], atorvastatin: 2.5±1.7% [p<0.01], vs control [6.4±4%], respectively). BSP was detectable in equivalent amounts in the joint capsules of all groups with only a trend toward a reduction of the BSPstained area by atorvastatin. Conclusion: Both atorvastatin and losartan reduced the number of myofibroblasts in the posterior knee joint capsule of rat knees 2 weeks after trauma and losartan increased the length of the inferior joint capsule. However, these changes at the cellular level did not translate an increase in range of motion of the rats ́ knee joints during early contracture development.
Exchange rate f luctuat ions and the margins of expor ts

This paper examines the relationship between exchange rate fluctuations and New Zealand export performance. To isolate the impact of the exchange rate, as opposed to contemporaneous (and related) fluctuations in New Zealand’s economic performance or overseas market characteristics, we focus on bilateral export relationships at the firm level and control for both time-invariant country characteristics and changes in aggregate economic conditions. We examine two key margins of export adjustment – the probability of exporting (the extensive margin) and the average value of exports per firm (the intensive margin) – and distinguish between impacts on market incumbents and new or potential entrants. Finally, we specifically take account of the potential for interaction between the level and volatility of the exchange rate to affect exporting, as implied by theories of exchange rate hysteresis. JEL Classification: D22; F14; F31
EFFECT OF INVENTORY CONTROL MANAGEMENT ON THE OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SUGAR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN KENYA: A CASE OF NZOIA SUGAR COMPANY

Inventory management and determining of optimal inventory level have a vital role in the point of the productivity of firms’ operations especially for the firms which operate on manufacturing industry. This study has a vital importance because of several reasons. There are limited numbers of studies relevant to discrete components of inventory performance and financial performance of many processing companies Inventory control management is the activity that organizes the availability of the items to the customer. It coordinates the purchasing, manufacturing and distribution functions to meet the market needs. The outcome of the study is a set of recommendations and a framework that would help in improving the performance of Nzoia Sugar Company and the entire sugar manufacturing sector in Kenya. The findings revealed that the variables had a significant effect on operational performance. In particular to determine the effect of Inventory management technique, Inventory cost and Computerized Inventory management on operational performance in sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya.
Evaluation of The Effects of ELF-EMF on Oxidative Parameters in Brain, Liver and Heart Tissues

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prospective effects of continuous and intermittent extremely lowfrequency magnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) in brain, heart, and liver tissues. The experiments performed on 18 guinea pigs were divided into three groups (n= 6 for each group). 50 Hz of 1.5 mT a magnetic field was used for exposure. Experimental groups were exposed for 4 h/day either continuously or intermittently (2h on/ 2h off/ 2h on) EMF for a period of 7 days. MDA, NO and GSH levels were determined by spectrophotometric methods. The intermittent exposure was increased GSH levels whereas that was reduced MDA levels in the brain when compared to control and continuous exposure groups. GSH concentrations of both experimental groups were found to be elevated in the liver. In the liver and heart, NO levels were increased by the continuous exposure in both administration groups, however, intermittent exposure has reduced NO levels in the both of the experimental groups. Results of this study indicated that the responses of various tissues to magnetic field exposures differed according to intensity and exposure duration of magnetic fields.
The distributional impact of tax and benefit systems in six African countries

This paper assesses the effects of public policies on income taxes and benefits in six African countries. The comparative analysis focuses on the distribution and composition of incomes and assesses the effect of these policies on inequality and poverty. The results are based on newly developed microsimulation models for Ethiopia, Ghana, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zambia. They highlight differences in tax and benefit systems among these African countries, show the extent (or lack) of support available for different population sub-groups, and disentangles the redistributive impact of various income components.
A cervoid tooth from the lower Miocene Nakamura Formation of the Mizunami Group in Kani City, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan

We describe an isolated right lower third molar (M3) of Cervoidea (Ruminantia, Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from the lower Miocene Nakamura Formation (ca. 19 Ma) of the Mizunami Group, Kani City, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. This specimen is distinguished from M3 of a palaeomerycid species Amphitragulus minoensis, which is the only named cervoid species that has been recorded in the Mizunami Group, in having smaller molars, the strong external postprotocristid, opening posterior cristids between the postentocristid and the posthypocristid. In having these characteristics, it is comparable to M3 of a cervid species Dicrocerus tokunagai from the lower Miocene of northeastern Japan and Dicrocerus or lagomerycine cervids from the lower/middle Miocene of China.
Reasons for Whistleblowing : A Qualitative Study 1

Whistleblowing has become a commonly encountered concept in recent times. Negative behaviors and actions can be experienced in any organization, and whistleblowing, as a communication process, is a kind of ethical behavior. Whistleblowing is the transmission of an unfavorable situation discovered in the organization to either internal or external authorities. An examination of the reasons for the employee’s whistleblowing is important for a better understanding of this concept; hence, this research focuses on the reasons for whistleblowing. In addition, the reasons for avoiding whistleblowing were also investigated. This research, which is designed as a qualitative study, is based on the phenomenological approach. Interviews were conducted with open‐ended, semi‐structured interview form in the study. The research was conducted on 20 teachers, 12 administrators, and 7 inspectors. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method. As a result of the research, the individual, organizational and social reasons for whistleblowing have been differentiated. Among the individual reasons for whistleblowing are the considerations of protecting and gaining interests. Organizational reasons include business ethics and the expectation of subsequent promotion. Social reasons encompass social benefits, social justice, and religious belief. Reasons for avoiding whistleblowing vary based on retaliation and worry. This research is considered important because as it is believed to be the first qualitative research to approach the reasons for whistleblowing. The results of this research have revealed gaps in the understanding of this area for future studies.
Evaluation of the implementation effect on strengthening routine immunization service in minority areas of Guizhou Province

Objective To evaluate the implementation effect on strengthening routine immunization service strategies in the minority areas of Guizhou Province.Methods Before and after implementing the strategies,the cohort study was applied to investigate the coverage rate of routine immunization by asking the child's guardians and checking immunization certificate and card,to understand the guardian's' knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP) on Expanded Programme on Immunizations(EPI) by questionnaire in the counties of Jianhe,Taijiang,Luodian and Changshun.Results After carrying out the strategies,the coverage rate of routine immunization,baby's delivery rate in hospitals and guardians KAP knowing rate on EPI increased on varying extent.Conclusion To train again and again to the EPI staffs at the grass-roots level,supervise constantly the work at the grass roots level and,strengthen the cooperation with correlative departments as well as develop pertinent propagandizing activities are effective strategies for strengthening routine immunization service in the minority areas.
NDT_A_221010 3231..3245

Linghong Guo Fuqing Zhou 1 Ning Zhang Hongmei Kuang Zhen Feng 1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China Purpose: Alcohol dependence (AD) is a relapsing mental disorder, typically occurring with concurrent tobacco misuse. Studies have reported disruption of the structural connectivity between hemispheres in the brain of individuals with AD. However, alterations in interhemispheric interactions and the specificity of frequency bands in individuals with AD remain unknown. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) allows examination of functional interactions between mirrored interhemispheric voxels. Here, we use VMHC to investigate homotopic connectivity in AD and alcohol and nicotine co-dependence (AND) subjects. Patients and methods: VMHC and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) in 24 AD, 30 AND, and 35 sex-, age-, and education-matched healthy control (HC) subjects were calculated for different frequency bands (slow-5, slow-4, and typical bands). Results: Individuals with AD demonstrated significantly reduced VMHC in bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL) and increased VMHC in bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG) compared to that in HCs in the typical and slow-4 bands; higher VMHC in the MFG was positively correlated with the dependence-severity score. In all bands of the VMHC analysis, no significant differences were found between the AND and other groups. Subsequent seedbased FC analysis demonstrated all regions with abnormal VMHC exhibited altered FC with its counterpart in the contralateral hemisphere in the typical and slow-4 frequency bands. The FC value between bilateral CPL within AD subjects negatively correlated with alcohol intake. Conclusion: Our findings provide further evidence of the role of disruptions within the brain circuitry supporting cognitive control in the development of AD. Alterations in neural activities in the CPL and MFG might be a biomarker of dependence severity in AD patients as assessed using clinical questionnaire and features. Because of the frequency specificity in VMHC, we must consider frequency effects in future AD functional magnetic resonance imaging studies.
CMAR_A_228926 10609..10621

Fubiao Ni * Hengjie Tang* Cheng Wang* Hewei Zhang 1 Chenlei Zheng Ning Zhang Bicheng Chen Linxiao Sun 1 1Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People’s Republic of China
Pain Levels in Female Patients with Fibromyalgia an d Affecting Factors

Purpose: This study aims to determine factor affecting and p ain levels the female patients with fibromyalgia. Material and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted between 15.05. 2 01 and 15.09. 2015 with 104 female participants who had bee n diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Socio-demographic characteristics were measured by a questionnaire wh il a quantitative pain scale ranging from 0 to 10 (0=No Pain, 10= Severe Pain) was administered in order to de ermine pain levels. After ethical board approval was granted, the data were analyzed using descriptive s atistics, one-way ANOVA, independent-samples t-tes and Pearson correlation. Findings: Research patients had a mean age of 38,87 ± 9,95. Demographic characteristics and the percentages of respondents in them were as follows: elementary sch ool graduation, 48,1%; unemployment, 66,3%; middleincome, more than 50%; overweight/obesity, 51,9% (1 0 obese patients); non-smokers/ex-smokers, 63,5%. Besides, 31,7% of fibromyalgia patients were suffer ing also from another disease and 37,5% had been di ag osed fibromyalgia at least for five years. Almost all pa tients were experiencing pain and the mean pain lev el was 5,62±2,15. The findings indicated no effects of edu cation, income, and smoking status of female patien t with fibromyalgia on their pain levels (p>0,05). On the other hand; unemployment, comorbidity, extended fam ily, overweight/obesity, and the duration of disease (fi ve and more years) were found to have statistically significant effect on higher levels of pain (p<0,05). Age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and marital duration have statis ically significant weak positive relationship with pain le vel (p<0,05). Conclusion: The findings evinced that almost all patients were suffering from pain and age, employment status, family type, BMI, overweight/obesity, marital durat ion, and disease duration effect pain levels.
Investigating University Students’ Preferences for Mode of Delivery

Objective: This study aimed to examine the birth type preferen ces of university students from different departments. Method: The universe of the study, which was designed in escriptive and cross-sectional type, consisted of female students staying in a dormitory in Tokat cit y (n=215). No selection procedure was employed; ins tead, students who accepted to participate in the survey w re included in the study (n=188). The data were c olle ted using a questionnaire form developed by the researc h rs to identify some socio-demographic characteris tics of the students and their thoughts related to their de l very mode preferences. The data analyses were pe rformed using IBM-SPSS 20 software package. Findings: It was found that more than half of the students who participated in the study were born on a normal delivery and that they mostly heard about normal de livery type in their circles. The majority of the s tudents stated that women who had a normal delivery did not experience any problems (50.0%), however, that tho se who had cesarean delivery had problems (28.7%). It was determined that more than half of the students would choose normal delivery when they gave birth (85.1%) and that the reason for this preference was that t hey thought the vaginal delivery was healthy for the mo ther and infant (62.2%). It was found in the study that 67.0% of the students thought have 1 or 2 children, 59.6% wanted the delivery to be performed by a physician , and that 49.5% were afraid of giving birth. When the studen ts’ preferences for delivery mode is compared to th e birth type they were born on and the most common type of birth they heard about in their circles, a statisti cally significant relationship was found. Accordingly, i t was determined that normal birth was significantl y preferred both by students who were born on a normal delivery (p = 0.000; p <0.05) and who frequently heard abou t the normal mode of delivery in their circles. (p = 0.00 2; p <0.05). Conclusion: It was found that the majority of the students st udying in different departments at the university were born on a normal delivery and that the birth t ype preferences of these students would be a normal delivery in the future. Additionally, the delivery mode pref erences of the students who often heard about norma l deliveries in their circles would also be a normal delivery in the future.
IMPACT OF FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ON INDIAN EQUITY MARKET

Equity market in India has evolved over time with the market practices and conditions generally reflecting the policies put in place. This paper focuses on the impact of Foreign Institutional Investors’ trading behavior on Indian Equity market by using the data obtained from the SEBI statistical reports i.e., FIIs investments during the period 2002-2012 and also analyzes the impact on India’s leading exchanges’ indices such as Sensex and CNX Nifty. The findings reveal that there is positive moderate relation among Net FIIs Investments and Sensex, Nifty returns. FIIs have great impact on Indian Equity market.
Effect of Production Year on Log Sale Prices: Example in Artvin, TURKEY

Calismanin amaci: Bu calismada, Turkiye’de acik artirmali satislara konu edilen tomruklarin satis fiyatlari uzerinde uretim yilinin etkisi belirlenmistir. Calisma alani: Calisma Artvin Orman Bolge Mudurlugu’nde gerceklestirilmistir. Materyal ve yontem: Artvin Orman Bolge Mudurlugu’ne bagli devlet orman isletmeleri tarafindan 2008 ve 2009 yillarinda uretilen ve 2009 yilindaki acik artirmali satislarda satilan toplam 83 adet ucuncu sinif normal boy tomruk (ladin, goknar ve saricam) partisine ait verilerden istifade edilmistir. Temel sonuclar: Mann-Whitney U Testi sonuclarina gore farkli yillarda (2008 ve 2009) uretilen tomruk partilerinin ortalama satis fiyatlari arasinda 2009 yili lehine istatistiksel acidan anlamli bir fark oldugu anlasilmistir. Bu sekilde satildigi yildan onceki yil icinde uretilen urunlerin fiyat seviyelerinin dusuk gerceklesmesi, devlet orman isletmeleri icin gelir kaybi potansiyeli olusturmaktadir. Nitekim bu kayip ucuncu sinif normal boy tomruk partileri icin satis gelirlerinin %20’sine karsilik gelmektedir. Arastirma vurgulari: Soz konusu satis geliri kaybini ortadan kaldirmak icin devlet orman isletmeleri duzeyinde piyasanin mevcut durumunun cok yonlu olarak degerlendirilmesine, uretim ve satis programlarinin / planlarinin piyasa talep ve beklentileri dikkate alinarak hazirlanmasina ihtiyac vardir. Tomruk Satis Fiyati, Uretim Yili, Gelir Kaybi, Artvin Orman Bolge Mudurlugu