Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘No Austrian Mother Does This to Sleep Without a Baby!’ Postnatal Acculturative Stress and ‘Doing the Month’ Among East Asian Women in Austria: Revisiting Acculturation Theories From a Qualitative Perspective

Acculturative stress is a phenomenon describing negative emotions experienced by immigrants in their socio-cultural and psychological adaptation process to the host society’s dominant culture and its population. Acculturative stress is assumed to be one the reasons for higher prevalence of postnatal depression among immigrant women compared to non-immigrant women. Theories and models of acculturation and coping strategies suggest that certain cultural orientations or behaviors could mitigate acculturative stress and postnatal depression. Nevertheless, quantitative studies applying these theories have so far revealed inconsistent results. Given this background, we ask: what can a qualitative study of immigrant women’s postnatal experiences tell us about the interrelationships between immigrant mothers’ acculturation behaviors or cultural orientations, and maternal psychological health? Particularly, we explore the postnatal experiences of Chinese and Japanese women who gave birth in Austria, focusing on their experiences and behaviors influenced by their heritage culture’s postnatal practices (zuò yuè zi and satogaeri). Theoretically, we apply Berry’s acculturation model through a focus on what we call ‘Postnatal Acculturative Stress’ (PAS). By doing so, we identify factors that prevent or mitigate PAS. Another aim of this article is to critically reassess Berry’s model in the context of postnatal care and maternal psychological health. Data were analyzed using a combination of deductive and inductive method through the application of directed content analysis and phenomenological approach. Women’s postnatal experiences were summarized as an ‘unexpected solitary struggle in the midst of dual identity change’ in four specific domains: postnatal rest and diet, social support, feelings toward significant others and identity. Preventive and mitigating factors against PAS included trust (in self and one’s health beliefs) and mutual respectful relationships with and between the significant others. The application of Berry’s acculturation model provided a useful framework of analysis. Nevertheless, the multifarious complexity involved in the process of acculturation as well as different power dynamics in the family and healthcare settings makes it difficult to draw causal relationships between certain acculturation behaviors or cultural orientations with specific health outcomes. Health professionals should be aware of the complex psychosocial processes, contexts as well as social environment that shape immigrants’ acculturative behaviors.
Evaluating the Effect of Non-cellular Bioactive Glass-Containing Scaffolds on Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in in vivo Animal Bone Defect Models

The use of bone scaffolds to replace injured or diseased bone has many advantages over the currently used autologous and allogeneic options in clinical practice. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence for non-cellular scaffolds containing bioactive glass on osteogenesis and angiogenesis in animal bone defect models. Studies that reported results of osteogenesis via micro-CT and results of angiogenesis via Microfil perfusion or immunohistochemistry were included in the review. A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus was carried out in November 2019 from which nine studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Despite the significant heterogeneity in the composition of the scaffolds used in each study, it could be concluded that scaffolds containing bioactive glass improve bone regeneration in these models, both by osteogenic and angiogenic measures. Incorporation of additional elements into the glass network, using additives, and using biochemical factors generally had a beneficial effect. Comparing the different compositions of non-cellular bioactive glass containing scaffolds is however difficult due to the heterogeneity in bioactive glass compositions, fabrication methods and biochemical additives used.
BIOCHEMICAL AND CYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF TRIMETAPHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN MAMMALIAN TISSUES

Trimetaphosphatase (TMPase) was biochemically and cytochemically investigated using rat and guinea pig tissues. TMPase was partially purified, and its activity was visualized and measured by the method of Doty et al. (J. Histochem. Cytochem. 25: 1381, 1977), using a dot-blot apparatus. TMPase was salted out in fractions of 60-80% ammonium sulfate. TMPase activity was observed in early protein fractions of Sephadex G-100 column. The molecular weight and pI of the partially purified TMPase were 130KD and 6.1, respectively. Electrophoretically, TMPase and acid phosphatase (ACPase) activities were observed in different bands. The present results clearly demonstrated that TMPase and ACPase are two different proteins. Cytochemically, the TMPase activity was elucidated using an improved method which employs cerium salt as capture agent, and the results were compared with those of the lead-based method. The incubation medium of the cerium-based method contained 20 mM acetate buffer, pH 3.9, 2 mM cerium chloride, 1 mM trimetaphosphate, 5% sucrose, and 0.00015% Triton X-100. The localization of the TMPase activity differed from that of ACPase in all tissues employed. TMPase activity was observed mainly in tubular structures. Using the cerium-based method, nonspecific precipitates were considerably reduced as compared with the lead-based method.
Expression and Significance of MyD88 in Patients With Gastric Cardia Cancer in a High-Incidence Area of China

Background: Gastric cardia cancer (GCC) arises in the area of the stomach adjoining the esophageal–gastric junction and has unique risk factors. It was suggested that the involvement of Helicobacter pylori is associated with GCC from high-risk population. Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is a crucial adaptor molecule in Toll-like signaling pathway recognizing H. pylori. Its role in GCC has not been elucidated yet. In this study, our purpose is to investigate the expression and significance of MyD88 in GCC tissue. Methods: Expression of MyD88 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p105/p50 and infection of H. pylori were detected by immunohistochemistry in gastric cardia tissue. The correlation of MyD88 expression to NF-κB p105/p50 expression, H. pylori infection, and clinicopathologic characteristics in gastric cardia tissue was analyzed. The involvement of MyD88 in patient prognosis was also analyzed. Results: Our data showed that the expression of MyD88 elevated from normal mucosa to inflammation (p = 0.071). The expression of MyD88 was enhanced in GCC tissues by contrast to non-malignant cardia mucosa (p = 0.025). What's more, overexpression of MyD88 was detected in intestinal-type adenocarcinoma with inflammation. Patients with high MyD88 staining revealed a better differentiation (p = 0.02). MyD88 also positively correlated with NF-κB p105/p50 expression (p = 0.012) in cancer tissue. Expression of MyD88 was increased but not significantly in biopsies with H. pylori infection compared with non-infected biopsies. Multivariate analyses revealed lymph node metastasis but not MyD88 expression was an independent predictor for patient survival. Conclusion: These findings provide pathological evidence that upregulating MyD88 and inducing inflammation might be involved in gastric cardia carcinogenesis in high-risk population. MyD88 plays a role in gastric cardia carcinogenesis with NF-κB pathway activation. Higher MyD88 expression is not a major prognostic determinant in GCC, but it may relate to the tumor cell differentiation.
EFICIÊNCIA DE FUNGOS MICORRÍZICOS ARBUSCULARES SOBRE O CRESCIMENTO DO PORTA-ENXERTO DE PESSEGUEIRO 'ALDRIGHI' ( 1 )

EFFICIENCY OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ON GROWTH OF ‘ALDRIGHI’ PEACH TREE ROOTSTOCK This work aimed to evaluate the eficiency of four species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the vegetative growth and the nutrient contents of peach tree rootstocks (Prunus persica) cv. Aldrighi. The experiment was conducted at the Estacao Experimental Agronomica (EEA) of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Eldorado do Sul, RS, during 2004 and 2005. Four treatments of AMF inoculation strains (Acaulospora sp. Trappe, Glomus clarum Nicol. & Schenck, Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerd e Scutellospora heterogama Nicol. & Gerd.) and one with non-inoculated plants were used. A randomized block design was used, with 20 plants per plot and four replicates, totaling 80 plants per treatment. Stem height and diameter, leaf area, fresh and dry biomass of the stem and roots, nutrients and carbohidrate contents and root colonization were evaluate at 180 days after sowing. The use of AMF species benefits plant development of rootstock cv. Aldrighi, and the efficiency of AMF-plant symbiosis is variable according to the inoculated AMF species. The rootstocks inoculated with S. heterogama and G. etunicatum performed best presenting larger vegetative growth and higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium tissue contents.
Femoral Tunnel Placement Analysis in ACL Reconstruction Through Use of a Novel 3-Dimensional Reference With Biplanar Stereoradiographic Imaging

Background: The femoral-sided anatomic footprint of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been widely studied during the past decades. Nonanatomic placement is an important cause of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) failure. Purpose: To describe femoral tunnel placement in ACLR through use of a comprehensive 3-dimensional (3D) cylindrical coordinate system combining both the traditional clockface technique and the quadrant method. Our objective was to validate this technique and evaluate its reproducibility. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: The EOS Imaging System was used to make 3D models of the knee for 37 patients who had undergone ACLR. We designed an automated cylindrical reference software program individualized to the distal femoral morphology of each patient. Cylinder parameters were collected from 2 observers’ series of 3D models. Each independent observer also manually measured the corresponding parameters using a lateral view of the 3D contours and a 2-dimensional stereoradiographic image for the corresponding patient. Results: The average cylinder produced from the first observer’s EOS 3D models had a 30.0° orientation (95% CI, 28.4°-31.5°), 40.4 mm length (95% CI, 39.3-41.4 mm), and 19.3 mm diameter (95% CI, 18.6-20.0 mm). For the second observer, these measurements were 29.7° (95% CI, 28.1°-31.3°), 40.7 mm (95% CI, 39.7-41.8 mm), and 19.7 mm (95% CI, 18.8-20.6 mm), respectively. Our method showed moderate intertest intraclass correlation among all 3 measuring techniques for both length (r = 0.68) and diameter (r = 0.63) but poor correlation for orientation (r = 0.44). In terms of interobserver reproducibility of the automated EOS 3D method, similar results were obtained: moderate to excellent correlations for length (r = 0.95; P < .001) and diameter (r = 0.66; P < .001) but poor correlation for orientation (r = 0.29; P < .08). With this reference system, we were able to describe the placement of each individual femoral tunnel aperture, averaging a difference of less than 10 mm from the historical anatomic description by Bernard et al. Conclusion: This novel 3D cylindrical coordinate system using biplanar, stereoradiographic, low-irradiation imaging showed a precision comparable with standard manual measurements for ACLR femoral tunnel placement. Our results also suggest that automated cylinders issued from EOS 3D models show adequate accuracy and reproducibility. Clinical Relevance: This technique will open multiple possibilities in ACLR femoral tunnel placement in terms of preoperative planning, postoperative feedback, and even intraoperative guidance with augmented reality.
ANTARCTIC AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS AS HABITATS FOR PHYTOPLANKTON

1. The Southern Ocean is a large‐scale, relatively homogeneous upwelling ecosystem whose phytoplankton apparently grows suboptimally over much of its area. By contrast there is a wide variety of freshwater habitats in the Antarctic and in some of these phytoplankton growth efficiency is very high. The two habitats share similar temperature and irradiance regimes, but differ markedly in availability of inorganic nutrients, in grazing pressure and in the time‐ and space‐scales on which various physical processes act.
The residual blood content of meat—A review

There seems to be no unequivocal experimental evidence to support the widely held view that the efficiency of bleeding out of slaughter animals affects the eating or keeping qualities of meat. Neither are the effects of different slaughter procedures on bleeding efficiency clear, due partly to confusion over the relationship between the residual blood content of meat and the amount of blood lost at slaughter and partly to differences in the methodology used by various authors. As yet no really accurate and specific technique for determining whole blood in meat has been described.
Aerial–ground collaborative 3D reconstruction for fast pile volume estimation with unexplored surroundings

Fast and accurate pile volume estimation is a very important basic problem in mining, waste sorting, and waste disposing industry. Nevertheless, for rapid changing or badly conditioned piles like stockpiles or landfills, conventional approaches involving massive measurements may not be applicable. To solve these problems, in this work, by utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned ground vehicles equipped with a camera, we propose a collaborative framework to estimate volumes of free-formed piles accurately in short time. Compensating aerial- and ground views enable the reconstruction of piles with steep sides that is hard to be observed by single unmanned aerial vehicle. With the help of red-green-blue image sequences captured by unmanned aerial vehicles, we are able to distinguish piles from the ground in reconstructed point clouds and automatically eliminate concave on the ground while estimating pile volume. In the experiments, we compared our method to state-of-the-art dense reconstruction photogrammetry approaches. The results show that our approach for pile volume estimation has proved its feasibility for industrial use and its availability to free-formed piles on a different scale, providing high-accuracy estimation results in short time.
Opioid Consumption After Arthroscopic Meniscal Procedures and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background: Procedure-specific opioid-prescribing guidelines have the potential to decrease the number of unused pills in the home without compromising patient satisfaction. However, there is a paucity of data on the minimum necessary quantity to prescribe for outpatient orthopaedic surgeries. Purpose: To prospectively record daily opioid use and pain levels after arthroscopic meniscal procedures and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) at a single institution. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 95 adult patients who underwent primary arthroscopic knee surgery (meniscectomy, repair, or ACLR) were enrolled. Patients with a history of opioid dependence were ineligible. Daily opioid consumption and Numeric Rating Scale pain scores were collected through an automated text-messaging platform starting on postoperative day 1 (POD1). At 6 weeks or at patient-reported cessation of opioid use, final survey questions were asked. Patients who failed to complete data collection were excluded. Opioid use was converted into “pills” (oxycodone 5-mg equivalents) to facilitate comparisons and clinical applications. Factors associated with high and low opioid use were compared. Results: Of the 95 patients enrolled, 71 (74.7%) were included in the final analysis. Of these, 40 (56.3%) underwent meniscal surgery and 31 (43.7%) underwent ACLR. After outpatient arthroscopic meniscectomy or repair, the total median postdischarge opioid use was 0.3 pills (oxycodone 5-mg equivalents), with 75% of patients consuming 3.3 or fewer pills (range, 0-19 pills). For ACLR, the median postdischarge consumption was 7 pills (75th percentile, 23.3 pills; range, 0-41 pills). Almost one-third of patients (32.3%) took no opioids after surgery (3 ACLR, 20 meniscus). All meniscus patients and 71% of ACLR patients ceased opioid consumption by postoperative day 7. Conclusion: Opioids may not be necessary in all patients, particularly after meniscal surgery and in comparison with ACLR. For patients requesting opioids for pain relief, reasonable prescription quantities are 5 oxycodone 5-mg pills after arthroscopic meniscal procedures and 20 5-mg pills after ACLR. Slowing the current opioid epidemic and preventing future crises is dependent on refining prescribing habits. Clinicians should strongly consider patient education regarding expected pain as well as pain management strategies.
Comparison of fasting gastric volume using ultrasound in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in elective surgery: An observational study

Background and Aims: Gastroparesis despite standard fasting in diabetic patients may increase the aspiration risk. This study aimed to compare fasting gastric volume (GV) of diabetic with non-diabetic patients scheduled for elective surgery using USG. Methods: This prospective observational study included 53 diabetic and 50 non-diabetic patients aged >18 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status I-III having similar fasting intervals. Before induction, using standard gastric scanning protocol, qualitative and quantitative assessments of gastric antrum in supine and right lateral decubitus (RLD) positions were performed with a curved array probe. USG grade, cross-sectional area (CSA) of the antrum and GV were calculated. The gastric antrum was classified as Grade 0, 1 or 2, signifying empty antrum, fluid in RLD position only and antral fluid in both supine and RLD positions, respectively. Results: In supine position, CC and AP diameters were 1.96 ± 0.41 cm and 0.9 ± 0.57 cm in control group and 2.28 ± 0.50 cm and 1.39 ± 0.44 cm in diabetic group, respectively. In RLD, CC was 2.28 ± 0.57 cm and AP was 1.24 ± 0.42 cm in control group as compared to CC 2.54 ± 0.56 cm and AP 1.82 ± 0.56 cm in diabetic group. The CSA of 2.57 ± 1.19 cm2 and 3.73 ± 1.61 cm2 in diabetic were significantly higher (P = 0.001) than 1.41 ± 0.55 cm2 and 2.30 ± 1.18 cm2 of control, in supine and RLD positions, respectively. GV was 4.20 ± 22.26 ml in control group and 9.15 ± 25.70 ml in diabetic group. Conclusion: Diabetic patients have higher gastric antral cross-sectional area and gastric volumes as observed by gastric ultrasound than the non-diabetic patients.
Comparative evaluation of 2% turmeric extract with nanocarrier and 1% chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis: A pilot randomized controlled clinical trial

Context: Nanoparticles, owing to their smaller size, penetrate regions inaccessible to other delivery systems, such as periodontal pockets. Thus, the present study aimed to comparatively evaluate efficacy of 2% curcumin with nanocarrier and 1% chlorhexidine gel as a local drug delivery (LDD) in the treatment of periodontal pockets. Materials and Methods: Forty-five chronic periodontitis patients with pocket depth 5–7 mm in two or more teeth were selected. Full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) was done for all patients followed by random allocation to the three treatment groups, namely SRP group (Group 1), 2% curcumin with nanogel (Group 2), and 1% chlorhexidine gel (Group 3). Clinical parameter assessment and microbiological analysis of subgingival plaque samples for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and Tannerella forsythia (Tf) was done at baseline, 21st day, and 45th day. Results: The results showed that when the two LDD agents were used as an adjunct to SRP in chronic periodontitis, there was an improvement in all clinical parameters. Evaluation of microbiological parameters also showed a significant reduction in Aa, Pg, and Tf levels. Comparison of 2% turmeric extract with a nanocarrier system with 1% chlorhexidine gel showed that both the agents had a comparable antibacterial effect on the three selected periodontopathic bacteria. Conclusion: The present study showed that both the LDD agents showed an effective improvement of clinical and microbiologic parameters. 2% curcumin delivered with a nanocarrier system showed results comparable to chlorhexidine gel and hence shows promising future as an LDD agent in the treatment of periodontal pockets.
A survey on the awareness of interrelationship of periodontal disease and systemic health among Mahe population

Background: Systemic health is the fundamental right of any individual, and it cannot be attained or maintained without oral health. Oral cavity is the gateway and the mirror of health. This link is often ignored. This lack of understanding of the correlation between oral and systemic health often leads to the poor systemic health because of the poor oral status. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the awareness among the general public about periodontal diseases and its impact on systemic health. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire with 15 questions including general awareness about periodontitis and its impact on systemic health were given to patients and were asked to select their preferred option of yes, no, and don't know. The awareness of the individuals was categorized based on their educational qualification, age, and gender as well. Results: The results obtained showed increased awareness among females, postgraduates, and 35–50 years group of individuals according to their category of gender, education, and age group, respectively. Conclusion: There is always a strong influence of oral health on systemic well-being. This link among the two is often ignored and overlooked. Oral health upholds the overall well-being of the patient. Further studies need to be conducted on large scale population and camps need to be conducted to increase the awareness among the general public of periodontal diseases and their systemic impact.
Exploring the Therapeutic Benefits of Pranayama (Yogic Breathing): A Systematic Review

Background: Pranayama (yogic breathing) has demonstrated numerous beneficial health effects. At present, there are no systematic reviews evaluating the beneficial health effects of pranayama alone as a practice. Aim: The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review about the beneficial health effects of pranayama. Methods: Data were obtained using a stepwise search process by searching the online PubMed, Web of Science, and SciVerse Scopus databases using keywords. Controlled clinical trials in humans, using “Pranayama” as an intervention with an appropriate control group and evaluating health-related outcomes were selected for inclusion. Results: Initial database searching indicated 669 potentially eligible articles, of which 18 studies satisfying the inclusion/exclusion criteria were selected. All were controlled trials, of which 13 were randomized and 1 was a crossover study. Number of participants ranged from 16 to 160, and the duration of pranayama practice varied from 4 days to 6 months. Studies demonstrated a significant effect on cardiorespiratory functions, in patients with bronchial asthma, with the improvement of pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, and respiratory function measurements. Furthermore, reduction in the frequency of attacks, severity, and medication requirement was also observed, with improved quality of life (QOL). In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, symptom, activity, and impact scores were improved. QOL improvement was also noted in cancer patients. Conclusions: Available evidence on pranayama indicates physiological and psychological benefits. Beneficial effects were mostly observed in patients with respiratory diseases such as bronchial asthma. It also helped those with cancer and cardiovascular disease. However, further high-quality randomized trials are required to provide definitive evidence.