Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Versus Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Multitrait–Multimethod Confirmatory Factor Models

This article compares maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation of the correlated trait–correlated method (CT–CM) confirmatory factor model for multitrait–multimethod (MTMM) data. In particular, Bayesian estimation with minimally informative prior distributions—that is, prior distributions that prescribe equal probability across the known mathematical range of a parameter—are investigated as a source of information to aid convergence. Results from a simulation study indicate that Bayesian estimation with minimally informative priors produces admissible solutions more often maximum likelihood estimation (100.00% for Bayesian estimation, 49.82% for maximum likelihood). Extra convergence does not come at the cost of parameter accuracy; Bayesian parameter estimates showed comparable bias and better efficiency compared to maximum likelihood estimates. The results are echoed via 2 empirical examples. Hence, Bayesian estimation with minimally informative priors outperforms enables admissible solutions of the CT–CM model for MTMM data.
Quiver representations arising from degenerations of linear series, I

We give a local characterization for when certain quiver representations in semisimple Abelian categories are semisimple, among them those arising from degenerations of linear series. This paper is the first of two, aimed to describe all the schematic limits of families of divisors associated to a given family of linear series on a one-dimensional family of projective varieties degenerating to a connected reduced projective scheme $X$ defined over any field, under the assumption that the total space of the family is regular along $X$, by means of certain quiver Grassmannians.
Modeling of near-continuum laminar boundary layer shocks using DSMC

The hypersonic flow of nitrogen gas over a double wedge was simulated by the DSMC method using two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometries. The numerical results were compared with experiments conducted in the HET facility for a high-enthalpy pure nitrogen flow corresponding to a free stream Mach number of approximately seven. Since the conditions for the double wedge case are near-continuum and surface heat flux and size of the separation are sensitive to DSMC numerical parameters, special attention was paid to the convergence of these parameters for both geometries. At the beginning of the simulation, the separation zone was predicted to be small and the heat flux values for the 2-D model were comparable to the experimental data. However, for increasing time, it was observed that the heat flux values and shock profile strongly deviated from the experiment. Investigation of a three-dimensional model showed that the flow is truly three-dimensional and the side edge pressure relief provides good agreement between simulations and the experiment.
The Effects of a Game Simulation on Muscle Activation and Knee Kinematics in Females

iii List of Tables . vi List of Figures . vii List of Abbreviations . viii Chapter 1: AIMS OF THESIS . 1 Chapter 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE . 3 Chapter 3: MANUSCRIPT . 28 References . 53
Projection techniques to update the truncated SVD of evolving matrices with applications

Updating the rank-k truncated Singular Value De-composition (SVD) of a matrix subject to the periodic addition of new rows (and/or columns) is a major computational kernel in important real-world applications such as latent semantic indexing and recommender systems. In this work we propose a new algorithm to update the truncated SVD of evolving matrices, i.e., matrices which are periodically augmented with a new set of rows (and/or columns). The proposed algorithm under-takes a projection viewpoint and builds a pair of subspaces which approximate the linear span of the sought singular vectors of the evolving matrix. We discuss and analyze two different choices to form the projection subspace, with the second approach being slower but leading to higher accuracy. Experiments on matrices from different applications suggest that the proposed algorithm can lead to higher qualitative accuracy than previous state-of-the-art approaches, as well as more accurate approximations of the truncated SVD. Moreover, the new algorithm is generally faster than other competitive approaches.
CP violation: Dalitz interference, CPT and FSI

Resonances and final state interactions (FSI) play a role in the formation of CP violation (CPV) constrained by CPT invariance. We provide a general formulation of CPV including resonances and FSI starting from the CPT constraint. Our discussion is elaborated within a simple $B$ decay model with the $\rho$ and $f_0(980)$ resonances plus a non resonant background including the $\pi\pi \to KK$ coupled amplitude. We consider few illustrative examples to show the interference patterns appearing in the CP asymmetry, namely, that from the $\rho$ resonance plus a non-resonant amplitude, and that from the interference of the $\rho$ and $f_0(980)$ resonances. We perform the fit of the CP asymmetry for the charmless three-body $B^\pm$ decay channel $B^{\pm}\to \pi^{\pm} \pi^+\pi^-$ and obtain as outcome the $B^{\pm}\to \pi^{\pm} K^+K^-$ for $\pi\pi$ channel asymmetry in the mass region below $1.6$ GeV in fair agreement with the new data LHCb data. Analogously, we also describe the CP asymmetry of the $B^\pm\to K^\pm\pi^+\pi^-$ decay, with that from the $B^\pm\to K^\pm K^+K^-$ channel obtained as output. As in the previous case, we also found agreement with LHCb experimental data.
Kink oscillations of cooling coronal loops with variable cross-section

We study kink waves and oscillations in a thin expanding magnetic tube in the presence of flow. The tube consists of a core region and a thin transitional region at the tube boundary. In this region the plasma density monotonically decreases from its value in the core region to the value outside the tube. Both the plasma density and velocity of background flow vary along the tube and in time. Using the multiscale expansions we derive the system of two equations describing the kink oscillations. When there is no transitional layer the oscillations are described by the first of these two equations. We use this equation to study the effect of plasma density variation with time on kink oscillations of an expanding tube with a sharp boundary. We assume that the characteristic time of the density variation is much greater than the characteristic time of kink oscillations. Then we use the Wentzel-Kramer-Brillouin (WKB) method to derive the expression for the adiabatic invariant, which is the quantity that is conserved when the plasma density varies. The general theoretical results are applied to the kink oscillations of coronal magnetic loops. We consider an expanding loop with the half-circle shape and assume that the plasma temperature inside a loop decays exponentially with time. We numerically calculated the dependences of the fundamental mode frequency, the ratio of frequencies of the first overtone and fundamental mode, and the oscillation amplitude on time. We obtained that the oscillation frequency and amplitude increase and the frequency ratio decreases due to cooling. The amplitude increase is stronger for loops with a greater expansion factor. This effect is also more pronounced for higher loops. However, it is fairly moderate even for loops that are quite high.
An efficient semi-implicit immersed boundary method for the Navier–Stokes equations

The immersed boundary method is one of the most useful computational methods in studying fluid structure interaction. On the other hand, the Immersed Boundary method is also known to require small time steps to maintain stability when solved with an explicit method. Many implicit or approximately implicit methods have been proposed in the literature to remove this severe time step stability constraint, but none of them give satisfactory performance. In this paper, we propose an efficient semi-implicit scheme to remove this stiffness from the immersed boundary method for the Navier–Stokes equations. The construction of our semi-implicit scheme consists of two steps. First, we obtain a semiimplicit discretization which is proved to be unconditionally stable. This unconditionally stable semi-implicit scheme is still quite expensive to implement in practice. Next, we apply the small scale decomposition to the unconditionally stable semi-implicit scheme to construct our efficient semi-implicit scheme. Unlike other implicit or semi-implicit schemes proposed in the literature, our semi-implicit scheme can be solved explicitly in the spectral space. Thus the computational cost of our semi-implicit schemes is comparable to that of an explicit scheme. Our extensive numerical experiments show that our semiimplicit scheme has much better stability property than an explicit scheme. This offers a substantial computational saving in using the immersed boundary method. 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FIRST TRIMESTER SCREENING FOR DOWN SYNDROME

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the first trimester screening for Down syndrome (DS) in an unselected low-risk Finnish population. The study involved 4,617 women who attended screening between the 8th and 14th weeks of pregnancy in 1998-2000. They gave a blood sample for the measurement of pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG). Of these women, 3,178 also had an ultrasound examination for the measurement of fetal nuchal translucency (NT). The risk figure for every screened woman was calculated using a computerized risk figure program. The risk 1 in 250 was used as a cut-off. The subgroup of screen positives comprised 5.8% of the study group. There were 16 DS cases. The combined method (maternal age, NT and the biochemical markers) detected 77% of the affected pregnancies. NT combined with maternal age gave a detection rate of 69%. Serum markers without NT combined with maternal age found 75% of the Down's. In 49 consecutive singleton in-vitro-fertilization pregnancies, the β-hCG value was more often elevated compared to spontaneous pregnancies, increasing the false positive rate. In 67 twin pregnancies, the serum marker levels were approximately double those in singletons. Smoking reduced PAPP-A by 20% making the smokers more likely to get a positive screening result. To determine the impact of the screening on the live born incidence of DS, two historical populations were compared. The first group was screened by second trimester serum samples (β-hCG and AFP) and the second group by first trimester ultrasound examination. When detection rates were at the same level, the second trimester screening reduced the number of live born Down's children more effectively. In conclusion, the first trimester combined method (maternal age, NT, β-hCG and PAPP-A) for Down syndrome screening is efficient in an unselected low risk population. The biochemical screening is not recommended in IVF-pregnancies.
Trajectory tracking for wheeled mobile robots via model predictive control with softening constraints

In this study, model predictive control with softening constraints is applied to a non-holonomic wheeled mobile robot for trajectory tracking in the presence of external disturbances. In order to improve real-time robustness of the wheeled mobile robot, a linearised tracking error model is used to predict system behaviours. The proposed control scheme contains a feedforward controller and a feedback controller, in which both control constraints and control increment constraints are considered to achieve trajectory tracking smoothly. Finally, numerical simulations demonstrate the performances of the control scheme.
New power series inequalities and applications

The aim of this paper is to present several new inequalities for power series with real coefficients by using a Young-type inequality for sequences of complex numbers and a trace inequality for positive operators. In addition, some applications for special functions such as polylogarithm and for elementary functions are presented and also an application in information theory, namely a refinement of Singh’s inequality, is given. Mathematics Subject Classification: 26D20
COVID-19 in Renal Transplant Recipients: Case Series and a Brief Review of Current Evidence

By April 26, 2020, infections related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected people from 210 countries and caused 203,818 reported deaths worldwide. A few studies discussed the outcome of COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients. This short series demonstrates our experience in managing COVID-19 disease in renal transplant patients in the absence of strong evidence. We report 8 cases of kidney transplant recipients infected with COVID-19 (median age = 48.5 years; range = 21–71 years), including 4 males and 4 females. The most frequently associated comorbidity was hypertension. The most common presenting features were fever and cough. The main radiological investigation was a portable chest X-ray. Other common features included lymphopenia, high C-reactive protein, and a very high ferritin level. Overall, 1 patient was managed as an outpatient, the remaining 7 required hospital admission, 1 of them referred to the intensive therapy unit. Management included supportive treatment (intravenous fluid therapy, monitoring renal function, and symptomatic treatment with or without ward-based oxygen therapy depending on oxygen saturation) and discontinuation of the antiproliferative immunosuppressive drugs. Seven patients recovered and discharged home to self-isolate. One patient required intensive care treatment and mechanical ventilation. Supportive treatment could be sufficient for the management or to be tried first. We also found that short hospital stay with self-isolation on discharge reduces the burden on the health service and protect the staff and the public.
VL-LTR: Learning Class-wise Visual-Linguistic Representation for Long-Tailed Visual Recognition—Supplemental Materials

Table A1: Summary of notations used in the paper. Notation Meaning I = {Ii}Ni=1 A batch of N image samples T = {Ti}Ni=1 A batch of N text samples M Number of anchor sentences per class Evis(·) Visual encoder Elin(·) Linguistic encoder E i Embeddings of image Ii E i Embeddings of text Ti Si,j Cosine similarity of E i and E T j 〈 E , G 〉 Cosine similarity of E and G Lccl Class-wise contrastive loss Lvis Class-wise contrastive loss for images Llin Class-wise contrastive loss for texts Ldis Distillation loss Lpre Pre-training loss Lrec Recognition loss
Estrogen Receptor (cid:1) : Expression Profile and Possible Anti-Inflammatory Role in Disease

Estrogen receptor (ER) (cid:1) agonists have been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory properties in inflammatory disease models. The objective of this study was to determine whether ER (cid:1) agonists affect in vitro and in vivo preclinical models of asthma. mRNA expression assays were validated in human and rodent tissue panels. These assays were then used to measure expression in human cells and our characterized rat model of allergic asthma. ERB-041 [7-ethenyl-2-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-ol], an ER (cid:1) agonist, was profiled on cytokine release from interleukin-1 (cid:1) -stimulated human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells and in the rodent asthma model. Although ER (cid:1) expression was demonstrated at the gene and protein level in HASM cells, the agonist failed to have an impact on the inflammatory response. Similarly, in vivo, we observed temporal modulation of ER (cid:1) expression after antigen challenge. However, the agonist failed to have an impact on the model endpoints such as airway inflammation, even though plasma levels reflected linear compound exposure and was associated with an increase in receptor activation after drug administration. In these modeling systems of airway inflamma- tion,
NOAH: A CSP-based language for describing the behaviour of coupled models

Scientists in many fields rely on computational simulations that are built from a collection of separate, inter-communicating single models (e.g. Earth System Models often consist of single models of the ocean, atmosphere and land processes); these simulations are called coupled models. Coupled models allow scientists to simulate richer scientific phenomena than is possible by running single models alone. Scientific interest is typically focused on the investigation served by a coupled model, rather than the complex and inadequately supported software engineering activity of constructing it. In response to this lack of support, a coupling methodology called the Flexible Coupling Approach (FCA) has been developed at the University of Manchester together with a tool that implements this approach, the Bespoke Framework Generator (BFG). Whilst being adequate for a large class of coupled models (e.g., many Earth System Models), the BFG is unable to handle coupled models with complex behavioural requirements (in terms of the scheduling and inter-communication of single models). To capture these more complex expressions of behaviour, this paper introduces NOAH, a domain-specific language that is implemented in the formalism Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP), and which is used by a new implementation of the FCA, called the CSP-based Framework Generator (CFG). NOAH is introduced through two example coupled models which have complex behavioural requirements. NOAH represents the first attempt to bring the advantages of using formal descriptions of coupled models to application scientists, providing a language in which to specify coupled model behaviour precisely and the ability to check that a coupled model is deadlock free using tools such as the Failures-Divergence Refinement (FDR) model checker. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Journal of Gynecological Oncology

Densely populated cities in the world are facing serious health concerns vectored by insects and other arthropods. The same has been true for Multan, where Leishmaniasis has become a regularly reported disease. A total of 203 patients were reported from OPD of Civil Hospital, Multan in 2015. For the study, a cross sectional survey was conducted in Multan city. Total 496 household-respondents were selected by using the simple random sampling technique. Respondents included 73.4%, 26.2% and 0.4% males, females and she-males, respectively, whose knowledge about the vector of the disease was very poor and only 2.4% told that the disease was vectored by an insect, but no one could tell the name (sand fly). The data so collected is thus considered of significant importance as it would be utilized in management programs against the disease and its vector sand fly.
Journal of Gynecological Oncology

Purpose: To investigate the potential effects of chemotherapy on pain empathy in breast cancer patients and the neural correlates in an Event-Related Potentials (ERP) study. Methods: Twenty-two breast cancer patients were evaluated with a pain empathy task during recording of ERP before and after chemotherapy. Pictures depicting people in pain or in neutral emotions were presented to the participants, who were to determine whether the person felt pain (pain task) or to identify the affected side of the body part (laterality task). Primary Outcome: Compared to the baseline (before chemotherapy), patients showed lower scores in empathic concern and higher scores in personal distress on the Chinese version of Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI-C) after chemotherapy. In both pain and laterality tasks, there was no significant differences in the response time before and after chemotherapy. However, patients showed a lower accuracy rate after than before chemotherapy. Further, the peak amplitude of N1 and P2 was significantly higher and lower, respectively, after as compared to before chemotherapy. Results: The results suggested pain empathy impairment in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients. The deficits may be related to altered N1and P2 components of the ERP.
Ramanujan's Lost Notebook: Part I

In the spring of 1976, George Andrews of Pennsylvania State University visited the library at Trinity College, Cambridge, to examine the papers of the late G.N. Watson. Among these papers, Andrews discovered a sheaf of 138 pages in the handwriting of Srinivasa Ramanujan. This manuscript was soon designated, "Ramanujan's lost notebook. " Its discovery has frequently been deemed the mathematical equivalent of finding Beethoven's tenth symphony.This volume is thefourthof fivevolumes thatthe authors plan to write on Ramanujans lost notebook.In contrast to thefirst three books on Ramanujan's Lost Notebook, the fourth book does not focus on q-series. Most of the entries examined in this volume fall under the purviews of number theory and classical analysis. Several incomplete manuscripts of Ramanujan published by Narosa with the lost notebook are discussed. Three of the partial manuscripts are on diophantine approximation, and others are in classical Fourier analysis and prime number theory. Most of the entries in number theory fall under the umbrella of classical analytic number theory. Perhaps the most intriguing entries are connected with the classical, unsolved circle and divisor problems.Reviewfrom the second volume:"Fans of Ramanujan's mathematics are sure to be delighted by this book. While some of the content is taken directly from published papers, most chapters contain new material and some previously published proofs have been improved. Many entries are just begging for further study and will undoubtedly be inspiring research for decades to come. The next installment in this series is eagerly awaited. "- MathSciNetReview from the first volume:"Andrews and Berndt are to be congratulated on the job they are doing. This is the first step.on the way to an understanding of the work of the genius Ramanujan. It should act as an inspiration to future generations of mathematicians to tackle a job that will never be complete. "- Gazette of the Australian Mathematical Society
Tensor representation of magnetostriction for all crystal classes

A systematic representation of the fourth-order magnetostriction tensor for all crystal classes is presented, based on the formalism proposed by Walpole (Proc R Soc Lond Ser A 1984; 391: 149–179). This representation allows the general, unconstrained case, as well as the case in which the magnetostrictive strain is assumed to be isochoric, to be studied. The knowledge of the fourth-order magnetostriction tensor enables the stress-free magnetostrictive strain tensor as well as the scalar strain in a given direction to be calculated.
Iberian Plio‐Pleistocene biochronology: micromammalian evidence for MNs and ELMAs calibration in southwestern Europe

A multivariate biochronological analysis of the Plio‐Pleistocene Iberian rodent fossil record is presented. Among more than 300 fossil sites, 49 sites have been selected. The ordination of the fossil sites selected from the Iberian Peninsula has been achieved by the appearance event ordination method. After calibration of this ordination with geochronological dates at some of the localities, numerical dates are proposed for all the localities studied. Hence, mammal fossil sites non‐datable by other means (palaeomagnetism, radiometric dating, etc.) have been dated with a relatively high degree of confidence. Final results allow dating of boundaries between the Plio‐Pleistocene European Land Mammal Ages (ELMAS) or the Mammal Neogene (MN) units. These boundaries agree with previous studies using magnetostratigraphical calibration of these scales. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.