Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Home Storage of Medicines and Associated Factors in Iraq

BACKGROUND: In most families around the world, medicines can be used to treat chronic or acute diseases. Simple access to medicines at home has led to high drug consumption rates for self-limiting diseases. Incorrect use of these home-stocked medications may also contribute to severe health risks, increase pathogens’ tolerance, prolonged distress, increased adversity, medication reactions, and delays in seeking adequate care if misdiagnosis occurs. Nothing is known about how Iraqi people store their medicines at home. AIM: The purpose of this study is to obtain data on the prevalence and related factors of drug storage in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Diyala Province, Iraq in July 2019. A total of 200 students participated in this study. A pre-tested standardized questionnaire was used to collect data and the analysis was performed using descriptive statistical methods. All the participants (100%) enrolled reported to keep medicines at their homes. RESULTS: The average number of drug users per household is 12.32%. Refrigerators are the main storage location (65%), followed by kitchen counters (33%). The majority of stored drugs were prescribed by physicians (78.5%) and the leading source of those drugs is a private pharmacy (55.71%). The most popular medicinal products stored were analgesics (23.1%), followed by antimicrobials (antibiotics, antibacterial, and antifungal) (19.44%). Among all medicines, currently used drugs accounted for 43.34%, remaining drugs accounted for 29.78%, and reserved drugs accounted for 26.87% for future use. The most common dosage forms of these drugs are tablets (21.16%) and capsules (20.95%). Most participants (82.5%) revealed that they always check the expiration date before use, and (37%) admitted to sharing drugs with others. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of drug storage in households in the Diyala Governorate of Iraq is high because all participants keep drugs at home. Regardless of the method used, these drugs should be retained, and proper storage procedures and conditions are rarely observed. Edited by: Sinisa Stojanoski Citation: Abood SJ, Abdulsahib WK, Al-Radeef MY. Prevalence of Home Storage of Medicines and Associated Factors in Iraq. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2021 May 14; 9(E):356-363. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021. 5997
The Learning Strategy Of Islamic Education At Primary School In Implantation Of Islamic Thought Values

The implementation of learning strategies that have not been able to make students enthusiastic in participating in learning activities, is due to the lack of application of creative and innovative learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the strategies applied by religious teachers to students, to determine the effectiveness of the strategies involved in cultivating Islamic thought values at Elementary School. This type of research is descriptive research. The subject of this research is to analyze Islamic education strategies. Data collection was carried out by interview, using instruments in the form of interview guides. The data analysis technique in this study uses descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques. The results showed that the strategy of Islamic religious teachers in instilling the values of Islamic thought in students by implementing the K13 curriculum with the talking stick method and snowballing to create effective learning in order to achieve learning objectives by planning making annual programs, semester programs, learning syllabus, lesson plans, and learning evaluation. The implication of this research is to increase students' interest in learning by inviting students to be enthusiastic about learning, creating student creativity, sharing, and having the courage to convey
Using Graphic Organizers (GOs) for Developing EFL Critical Reading Skills among First Year Secondary Stage Students

The present study was carried out to develop EFL critical reading skills among first year secondary stage students through using graphic organizers. A quasi-experimental design was adopted, using an experimental group and a control one. Forty-eight students from AL-Shaheed Muhammad Ibrahim Al-Baqash Secondary School, Diarb-Negm Directorate, Sharkia, Egypt, were selected and divided into two groups; an experimental group (n=24) and a control one (n=24). A critical reading questionnaire and a pre-post critical reading test were used as instruments of the study. The researcher implemented the Graphic organizers on the experimental group while the control group was taught using the regular method. The current study was conducted through the second term of the academic year 2019-2020. Finally, the results of the study proved that Graphic organizers was effective in developing the EFL critical reading skills of first year secondary stage students.
Aloe vera and its biological activities

Aloe vera is used for medicinal purposes since ancient times. The botanical name is Aloe barbadensis miller. It belongs to the Liliaceae family. It is also called the healing plant or the silent healer, because of its wound and burn healing properties. Latex and gel are the two basic products of Aloe leaves. The latex and gel contain biologically active components.Polysaccharides contained in the gel of the leaf attribute most of the health benefits associated with Aloe Vera. Aloe was available as pills, ointments, jellies, sprays, drinks, etc. The important application aloe vera was wound healing, treating burns, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-cancer, anti-ulcer, protection against skin damage from x-rays, lung cancer, intestinal problems, increasing HDL, reducing LDL, reducing blood glucose in diabetics, fighting against acquired immune deficiency (AIDS), allergies, etc. The aloe vera plant, its biological properties are briefly reviewed in this article.
Heavy Metals Phytoremidiation Potential of Napier Grass Cultivated on Tannery Sludge in Bangladesh

Phytoremediation is a cost effective and eco-friendly method for cleanup of contaminated soil. This study focused on the assessment of phytoremediation potential of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and Indian mastered (Brassica juncea) yielding in tannery sludge. Initial characterization of tannery sludge showed a high concentration of chromium, lead, copper and zinc which were 6845.5±50.2, 73±2.5, 93±1.5 and 29±2.5 mg/kg, respectively. Both seeds of these plants were sown on tannery sludge kept in baskets and harvested after 8 and 12 weeks of plantation. Analysis indicated that both Napier grass and Indian mustard accumulated heavy metals in the order of Cr>Zn>Cu>Pb at different parts of these plants. Transfer factor (TF) for both plants were greater than 1 for Cu, Zn, Pb though it was less than 1 for Cr. Indian mustard accumulated highest concentration of Cr, Cu, and Pb whereas Napier grass showed highest Zn uptake and good Cr and Cu accumulation capacity. The uptake rate of Cr increased in Napier grass with the increase of plant age. Moreover, Napier grass is one of the rapid yielding tropical grasses and can retain for a longer period than Indian mustard for that attribute, it may accumulate more heavy metals than Indian mustard within its life span. Both of these plants can be used for remediating heavy metals from contaminated tannery sludge.
Peripheral talus fractures: epidemiology and short-term outcomes

Objective: To present the epidemiology and assess short-term clinical and radiological outcomes of peripheral talus fractures treated between 2013 and 2019 at a secondary hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective study based on a series of 21 cases of peripheral talus fractures. Out of these 21 cases, 11 underwent functional assessment using the ankle-hindfoot scale of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and radiological assessment after a mean period of 24.5 months. Results: Regarding the epidemiology of the 21 reported cases, the mean age was 28.7 years and 76.2% of the patients were male. The left foot was affected in 71.4% of the cases, and the most frequent type of trauma was motorcycle accident (47.6%); 23.8% of the cases had open fractures. Complete peritalar dislocation occurred in 38.0% of the cases and the most common fracture was that of the lateral process of the talus, in 42.8% of the cases. Eleven patients returned for reassessment and presented a mean AOFAS score of 80.9 points. All fractures were consolidated at the moment of assessment, and one of them progressed to subtalar and talonavicular osteoarthritis, requiring triple arthrodesis. Conclusion: The peripheral fractures studied here were caused by high-energy traumas with open fractures in one-quarter of the cases and were frequently associated with other fractures. The short-term functional outcome is good but has potential for severe complications such as stiffness and persistent pain. Level of Evidence IV, Therapeutic Studies; Case Series.
Design and analysis of RNS-based sign detector for moduli set {2^n, 2^n - 1, 2^n + 1}

Magnitude comparison, sign detection and overflow detection are essential operations of residue number system (RNS) that are used in digital signal processing (DSP) applications. Moreover, sign detection attracts significant attention in RNS as it can also be used in division and magnitude comparison operations. However, these operations are not easy to perform in RNS. So, there is a need arise to propose a computationally advanced RNS based sign detector. This paper presents an area and power-efficient sign detection circuit for modulo {2n - 1, 2n, 2n + 1} using mixed radix conversion technique. The proposed sign detector is constructed using a carry save adder (CSA), a modified parallel prefix adder and a carry-generation circuit. Based on the synthesized results using synopsys design compiler, the introduced design offers better results in terms of the area required and power consumption. Although, the speed will remain the same when compared to the recent sign detectors for the same moduli set.
Comparison of fruit quality traits of papaya (Carica papaya L.) genotypes from Shushufindi and La Joya de los Sachas, Ecuador

In the northern region of the Ecuadorian Amazon, there are papaya genotypes with acceptable production and fruit quality traits; however, they are heterogeneous. The aim of this research was to evaluate papaya genotypes for the selection of individuals through fruit quality traits. The study was carried out at the Central Amazon Experimental Station of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, located in the canton La Joya de los Sachas, Orellana Province. A completely randomized design with a different number of observations according to the number of individuals per genotype was used. The recorded variables were: fruit weight (kg), pulp weight (kg), peel weight (kg), fruit diameter (cm), fruit length (cm), pulp thickness (cm), fruit firmness (kg-f), pH, total soluble solids (°Bx), titratable acidity, and flavor ratio. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance, mean comparison tests (Tukey 95%) for dendrograms, correlation matrix, and Biplot graphs. Results showed individuals with high production (more than 50 fruits/plant) and fruits with market demanded traits for fresh consumption (fruit weight between 0.2 and ≥ 2.0 kg, and soluble solids content ≥ 11.5 °Bx). In addition, ten elite individuals were identified as they meet the dual production and fruit quality traits, and must be considered for future breeding programmes.
Umbilical herniorrhaphy with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in pigs (sus scrofa domesticus): pilot study

Objective. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of PVC on umbilical herniorrhaphy in pigs. Materials and methods. We used 16 clinically healthy pigs of both sexes, aged between 2 and 3 months, Landrace and Landrace x Pietran breeds with an average weight of 20 kg. Inclusion criteria were based on the clinical diagnosis of umbilical hernia. Herniorrhaphy was carried using PVC as a prosthetic material. The implantation of the material was made between parietal peritoneum and abdominal muscles by creating a pocket in 360°, with a depth of five centimeters. For the fixation of the bag, 35 pounds of pressure polyamide was used with “U” points in the fascio-muscular package (four stitches overall), the knots were two centimeters next to the ring, avoiding inverted edges with sustained traction. The size of the PVC bag depended on the size of the ring, but it was constantly rounded and four centimeters larger than the edge of the ring. The parameters evaluated for 15 days were temperature, edema, wound color and dehiscence, and relapse, fistula and appetite for 2 months. Results. An average local temperature of 37.5°C was obtained. Tumor halos of one centimeter at 24 hours post-surgery with involution towards the end of the evaluation. 100% of the animals healed by first intention. 87.5% did not present recurrence of the hernia. 100% did not present signs compatible with fistula or granuloma. Appetite was normal. Conclusions. During the evaluation period, PVC proved to be effective in the correction of umbilical hernias in pigs.
Board Characteristics Effect on Cost Stickiness Using Earnings Management as a Mediating Variable “Evidence from Egypt”

Purpose: This research demonstrates the impact of board characteristics on the cost stickiness of companies in various Egyptian industries, and how the earnings management perspective will increase the cost stickiness through managerial decisions that are mainly directed to reflect a better estimate for their firm' performance and earnings by adjusting resources costs. Design/methodology/approach: The ordinary least squares (OLS) used to investigate the behavior of selling, general and administrative cost, and the influence of board characteristics (corporate governance mechanisms: board size, board independence, and CEO duality) to reduce cost stickiness using earnings management as an intermediary variable and firm size and financial performance as control variables in a sample of 41 Egyptian active publicly traded companies. Data is obtained from the financial statements published between 2015-2019 and the multiple linear regression equations utilized to analyze the data; the board characteristics variables are identified from the section of governance in the annual reports. E.mail: nevinesobhy2@hotmail.com1 E.mail: msamy@msa.edu. eg 2 Dr. Nevine Sobhy Abdel Megeid; Dr. Mohamed Samy ElDeeb Board Characteristics Effect. 2 Findings: Findings indicate that corporate governance has a control ability over the board of directors, which in turn has an inverse effect on cost stickiness which tends to increase if management is willing to disclose optimistic earnings forecast about firm’ future performance. The board independence, large board size, and the absence of CEO duality have a positive impact on the efficient monitoring and reduction of earnings management. The statistical results showed that effective corporate governance can reduce cost stickiness, as well as its strong effect on mitigating earnings management. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of the research is that it covers only five years of annual financial reports in testing the hypotheses. In addition, the authors used only four proxies for the board characteristics (corporate governance mechanisms: board size, board independence, and CEO duality). Originality: The research's main contribution is to be among the few papers that test the cost stickiness in Egypt as an emerging economy concerning the board characteristics through taking into consideration the earnings management effect as a mediating variable.
Role of Initial Crack Tip Shape, Plastic Compressibility and Strain Softening on Near-Tip Stress-Strain State in Fatigue Cracks during Simulation of a Finite Deformation based Elastic-Viscoplastic Constitutive Model

This paper deals with the effect of initial crack tip shape, plastic compressibility, and strain softening on near-tip stress-strain fields for a mode I crack subjected to fatigue loading under plane strain and small scale yielding. A finite strain-based elastic-viscoplastic constitutive equation with bilinear hardening and hardening-softening-hardening hardness functions is taken up for simulation. It is observed that plastic compressibility and strain softening have a significant impact on crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) and tip propagation. Furthermore, it has been viewed that the initial shape of a crack tip can significantly influence both the CTOD and the crack tip extension for the bilinear hardening material; however, with identical conditions for the hardening-softening-hardening material, the initial crack tip shape affects the fatigue crack growth much lesser though the CTOD is influenced considerably. In comparison to the crack growth in the plastically incompressible hardening-softening-hardening solids, the variation of the crack growth (with respect to the tip curvature radius) is more and peculiar in the corresponding plastically compressible solid. To explain and to get a better insight of the crack tip deformation, the near-tip plastic strain and hydrostatic stress have been illustrated.
The influence of board interlocking on debt capital cost

Revista de Contabilidade e Organizações José Éliton dos Santosa,b Corresponding author: Tel. +55 (82) 31941150 E-mail: eliton.santos@ifal.edu. br (J. É. dos Santos) Instituto Federal de Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca. AL 110, Senador Arnon de Melo Arapiraca/AL 57700000, Brazil. www.rco. usp.br Journal of Accounting and Organizations Copyright © 2021 FEA-RP/USP. All rights reserved.
Reliability-based optimal design of water distribution networks

Maintaining network loops, and hence attaining acceptable system reliability, has been a challenge in the optimal design of water distribution networks. Aimed at a possible solution to the problem, this paper has two objectives: to introduce a new reliability-based optimal design formulation and a model, and to examine the effect of specifying minimum allowable pipe sizes during least-cost designs on system reliability. System reliability is estimated using the minimum cut-set method, but instead of using the mechanical failure probabilities of pipes, weighted failure probabilities are calculated by considering the ratio of the actual supply to demand. One of the salient features of this study and the new reliability-based design model in particular, is that a pressure-driven network simulation model is used to determine the actual supply at each demand point when a component fails. A simplified two-loop network is used to illustrate the performance of the new model and to study the effect of specifying minimum allowable pipe sizes. The results obtained show that the new model preserves loops and results in a system with better reliability; and, if appropriate, minimum allowable pipe sizes are specified in the least-cost design, a required reliability can be attained with a reasonably low cost.
Effect of the use of flaked maize in diets with reduced metabolic energy on performance, egg quality, and serum parameters in layer quails

The research was conducted to determine the effects of substituting raw maize with flaked maize in diets containing different levels of metabolic energy on the performance, egg quality, and serum parameters of layer quails. In the experiment, 120 female quails at ten weeks of age were randomly allocated to six treatment groups with four replicates, each consisting of five quails. The quails were fed six diets, with two forms of maize (raw or flaked) and three metabolic energy levels (2750, 2825 or 2900 (control) kcal/kg) during a ten-week trial. Compared with the control group, reducing the metabolic energy level of the diet to 2750 kcal/kg negatively affected egg production (P < 0,01), egg mass (P < 0,01), feed conversion ratio (P < 0,01), and serum cholesterol concentration (P < 0,05). Eggshell thickness decreased significantly in the group receiving 2750 kcal/kg metabolic energy in the diet, and the yolk b* value increased significantly (P < 0,01). The use of flaked maize in the diets significantly increased egg production (P < 0,05), egg mass (P < 0,05), eggshell thickness (P < 0,05), and yolk L* value (P < 0,01) and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio (P < 0,05) and b* value of the yolk (P < 0,05). Although the effects of the interactions of the metabolic energy levels and forms of maize on the egg yolk b* value were significant (P < 0,01), this effect was not significant for the other parameters. The results indicate that layer quails can be fed diets containing 2825 kcal/kg metabolic energy and that replacement of raw maize with flaked maize in the diet positively affects performance and egg quality.
First fluconazole-resistant Candida auris isolated from fungal otitis in Iran

Background and Purpose: Candida auris, as a new characterized pathogenic yeast, has attracted remarkable attention in the recent decade due to its rapid global emergence and multidrug resistance traits. This unique species is able to cause nosocomial outbreaks and tolerate adverse conditions; however, it has been mostly misidentified by conventional methods. Case report: This report aimed to describe the first fluconazole-resistant case of C. auris otitis in an immunocompetent patient in Iran. The isolate showed minimum inhibitory concentration of ≥ 32 μg/ml for fluconazole; however, the patient was treated with topical clotrimazole and miconazole with no recurrence. Conclusion: This was the second strain of C. auris isolated from otitis in Iran which was fluconazole-resistant, unlike the first Iranian isolate.
The impact of relative and absolute income on subjective well-being in Brazil’s Greater ABC Paulista Region

In this study, our main goal is to shed light on the connections between the subjective well-being (SWB) and income (both in their relative and absolute forms) of individuals living in Brazil’s Greater ABC Paulista Region. In addition to concepts, the theoretical framework underlying the SWB context, as explained by income, encompasses studies that underscore the link between SWB and income inequality. We used two explanatory variables – absolute and relative income (the latter being absolute income divided into ten income groups) – and we employed four other variables to compose the SWB construct. We obtained the data for the sample from a socio-economic survey of the Greater ABC Paulista Region. We carried out the analysis via descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM) based on the partial least squares (PLS) technique. Our findings showed a weak relationship between SWB and both types of income, but the global quality indicators revealed that the model is of good quality.
INCOME AND EATING HABITS OF HYPERTENSIVE PEOPLE RENDA E HÁBITO ALIMENTAR DE PESSOAS HIPERTENSAS INGRESOS Y HÁBITOS ALIMENTICIOS DE LAS PERSONAS HIPERTENSAS

Objective: to verify an association between income and eating habits of hypertensive people in Health Multicenter (Multicentro de Saúde in Portuguese) in the city of Salvador, Bahia. Method: cross-sectional study with 221 hypertensive patients. Sociodemographic and eating habits data were collected through interviews and a standardized instrument from July to December 2017. Bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square test. The level of statistical significance adopted was 5%. Results: predominance of consumption of vegetables (69.1%) and fruits (57.6%) less than five days/week, and use of salt substitute products (69.6%) by people with an income of less than one minimum wage; statistically significant associations were found (p=0.027, p=0.003, p=0.043, respectively). Conclusion: the association between income and eating habits of hypertensive people showed that those with income lower than a minimum wage consumed fruits and vegetables less frequently and used salt substitute products.