Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mosaic Pages: Big TLB Reach with Small Pages

The TLB is increasingly a bottleneck for big data applications. In most designs, the number of TLB entries are highly constrained by latency requirements, and growing much more slowly than the working sets of applications. Many solutions to this problem, such as huge pages, perforated pages, or TLB coalescing, rely on physical contiguity for performance gains, yet the cost of defragmenting memory can easily nullify these gains. This paper introduces mosaic pages, which increase TLB reach by compressing multiple, discrete translations into one TLB entry. Mosaic leverages virtual contiguity for locality, but does not use physical contiguity. Mosaic relies on recent advances in hashing theory to constrain memory mappings, in order to realize this physical address compression without reducing memory utilization or increasing swapping. This paper presents a full-system prototype of Mosaic, in gem5 and modified Linux. In simulation and with comparable hardware to a traditional design, mosaic reduces TLB misses in several workloads by 6-81%. Our results show that Mosaic’s constraints on memory mappings do not harm performance, we never see conflicts before memory is 98% full in our experiments — at which point, a traditional design would also likely swap. Once memory is over-committed, Mosaic swaps fewer pages than Linux in most cases. Finally, we present timing and area analysis for a verilog implementation of the hashing function required on the critical path for the TLB, and show that on a commercial 28nm CMOS process; the circuit runs at a maximum frequency of 4 GHz, indicating that a mosaic TLB is unlikely to affect clock frequency.
Monitoring Toxic Gases Using Nanotechnology and Wireless Sensor Networks

Human beings live and work in close proximity to dangerous gases. Chemical accidents often cause considerable damages to human lives and properties, and their short- and long-term impact on the environment can be high. Hence, diligent monitoring and management of these gases are of profound importance. In industries where chemical accidents pose potential explosions and health hazards, wired sensors are installed in strategic locations. In some industries, employees are required to carry with them portable sensing devices in addition. Still, achieving high spatio-temporal resolution is challenging, since dense deployments impede the mobility of employees, robots, or other mobile objects. In this article, we propose the use of nanotechnology and wireless sensor networks for monitoring toxic gases. Nanotechnology offers the possibility of developing gas sensors having small form-factors and high sensitivity. Wireless sensor networks enable high spatio-temporal sensing, in-network processing, and multihop communications. The article shares our experience with a wireless sensor network monitoring ammonia. The network consisted of 21 sensor nodes, four of which integrated arrays of ammonia sensors while the rest served as intermediate nodes.
ENERGY LEVELS AND SPECTRAL LINES OF QUADRUPLY IONIZED IRON (Fe v)

This paper, combining a critical compilation with new calculations, provides revised comprehensive lists of recommended energy levels, observed spectral lines, and transition probabilities in the spectrum of quadruply ionized iron (Fe v). The new level optimization made in this work is based on critically assessed uncertainties of about 2000 wavelengths previously measured with grating spectrographs. For 80% of energy levels, relative uncertainties have been reduced by a factor of three on average, compared with previously reported uncertainties. For 65% of observed lines, uncertainties of the new Ritz wavelengths are smaller than those of observed wavelengths by a factor of four on average.
HOSOYA POLYNOMIAL IN TORI

Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. (MATCH), 2002, 45, 109-122 Abstract. The Hosoya polynomial is defined as a distance-based increasing power sequence. Analytical formulas for calculating this polynomial in several classes of toroidal nets are given. The Wiener number, derived from the first derivative of the Hosoya polynomial (in x = 1), is calculable either by close formulas or by recursions.
Design of linear feedback laws for bilinear systems

Abstract A method for the design of linear state feedback laws for bilinear systems is presented. Using a Liapunov approach, a class of stabilizing feedback amplifier matrices is constructed, depending on three positive definite weighting matrices which can be selected freely. The computation of the amplifiers requires the solution, by successive approximations, of an algebraic Riccati equation for which a positive definite solution must be found. The relative magnitudes of the weighting matrices, expressed in terms of scaling factors, constitute the main design parameters. The influence of these parameters on some important dynamic characteristics of the system is analysed, thus allowing to adapt the parameter choice to the specifications of the design.
THE EXPECTATION OF RANDOM FUNCTIONALS WITH THE DIRICHLET PROCESS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

We deal with the expectation of random functionals with the Dirichlet process, using Sethuraman's representation. As an application of this expectation, we obtain the Bayes estimates of estimable parameters with the squared error loss based on the Dirichlet prior process. From the Bayes estimates, we obtain the limits of Bayes estimates, which may be used for the non-Bayesian inference. We see the differences of the limits of Bayes estimates from the corresponding U-statistics and the V-statistics, for five estimable parameters of degree two.
Towards a rare disease registry standard: semantic mapping of common data elements between FAIRVASC and the European Joint Programme for Rare Disease

This paper describes the extension of the FAIRVASC rare disease ontology, with Joint Research Council Common Data Elements (CDE), and mapping to the European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases (EJP-RD) CDE ontology. We use the rare autoimmune condition ANCA vasculitis as a model disease to illustrate this. Semantic modelling of CDE for Rare Diseases over registry data is important to represent the specific concepts around these conditions. We describe the development of an ontology which facilitates the simultaneous uplift of tabular data into a common RDF format from several registries. The ontology allows the data to be integrated across the registries and increases the interoperability and standardisation among datasets, thus enhancing collaboration with external stakeholders. The ontology, therefore, creates an effective rare disease research environment which enables the disease and its impact on the patient to be investigated in an effective manner across national borders. This paper presents the methodology and road map to implement the CDE ontology for the health domain
Statistical Downscaling of Precipitation in Korea Using Multimodel Output Variables as Predictors

Abstract A pattern projection downscaling method is applied to predict summer precipitation at 60 stations over Korea. The predictors are multiple variables from the output of six operational dynamical models. The hindcast datasets span a period of 21 yr from 1983 to 2003. A downscaled prediction was made for each model separately within a leave-one-out cross-validation framework. The pattern projection method uses a moving window, which scans globally, in order to seek the most optimal predictor for each station. The final forecast is the average of six model downscaled precipitation forecasts using the best predictors and will be referred to as “DMME. ” It is found that DMME significantly improves the prediction skill by correcting the erroneous signs of the rainfall anomalies in coarse-resolution predictions of general circulation models. Although Korea’s precipitation is strongly influenced by local mountainous terrain, DMME performs well at 59 stations with correlation skill significant at the 95% con.
Thermal Mass Correction for the Evaluation of Salinity

Abstract This paper revisits the thermal mass inertia correction of Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc., (SBE4) conductivity probes for the calculation of salinity. In particular, it is shown that the standard parameters recommended for the correction method are not satisfactory for the data collected during recent campaigns at sea. A method, based on Morison et al., is proposed to determine optimal values for the correction parameters from selected datasets. Values valid for general cases are then proposed that yield significant improvements in the reduction of salinity errors that occur during the upcasts and downcasts of CTD profilers in areas with sharp thermoclines. The sources of the differences found between the recommended coefficient values and the ones proposed here are also discussed.
Dynamic Analysis of Flexible Beams Undergoing Overall Motion Employing Linear Strain Measures

A modeling method for the dynamic analysis of a eexible beam undergoing free overall motion is proposed. The overall motion is measured at a reference frame that is a rigid cross section of the beam. The elastic deformation is measured with respect to the reference frame and is expressed with deformation variables including a stretch variable. Theuseof astretch variable leadsto asimplelinear strain measure and acorrespondingquadraticstrain energy expression. In spite of the simplicity, motion-induced stiffness variation effects, which are often critically important to the dynamic analysis of e exible structures undergoing overall motion, can be captured accurately by the modeling method. To demonstrate the accuracy of the modeling method, test problems are presented and solved. The present modeling method proves to be as accurate as a nonlinear e nite element modeling method. Applicable ranges of the present modeling method are investigated through dimensional analysis and numerical study.
Composite Estimating Equation Method for the Accelerated Failure Time Model with Length‐biased Sampling Data

Length‐biased sampling data are often encountered in the studies of economics, industrial reliability, epidemiology, genetics and cancer screening. The complication of this type of data is due to the fact that the observed lifetimes suffer from left truncation and right censoring, where the left truncation variable has a uniform distribution. In the Cox proportional hazards model, Huang & Qin (Journal of the American Statistical Association, 107, 2012, p. 107) proposed a composite partial likelihood method which not only has the simplicity of the popular partial likelihood estimator, but also can be easily performed by the standard statistical software. The accelerated failure time model has become a useful alternative to the Cox proportional hazards model. In this paper, by using the composite partial likelihood technique, we study this model with length‐biased sampling data. The proposed method has a very simple form and is robust when the assumption that the censoring time is independent of the covariate is violated. To ease the difficulty of calculations when solving the non‐smooth estimating equation, we use a kernel smoothed estimation method (Heller; Journal of the American Statistical Association, 102, 2007, p. 552). Large sample results and a re‐sampling method for the variance estimation are discussed. Some simulation studies are conducted to compare the performance of the proposed method with other existing methods. A real data set is used for illustration.
Models of violently relaxed galaxies

Etude des proprietes de modeles spheriques auto-gravitants derives de 2 fonctions de distribution qui incorporent la physique de la relaxation violente. Les modeles de Stiavelli M. et Bertin G. (1985, Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 217) sont examines en detail et compares avec la loi R 0.25 de Vaucouleurs. Une famille de modeles generes a partir d'une fonction de distribution possedant une dependance differente du moment cinetique est egalement examinee. Dans les 2 cas consideres, les solutions avec des temperatures positives et des temperatures negatives sont etudiees
Perturbation properties for abstract evolution equations of fractional order

We investigate the abstract evolution equation of fractional order Dau = au, a > 0, where Da is the Caputo fractional derivative of order a and A is an unbounded closed operator in a Banach space X. Some perturbation properties are presented, generalizing known facts about Co-semigroups and cosine operator functions.
Some asymptotic properties of a two-dimensional periodogram

The two-dimensional periodogram has been proposed as an estimator of the spectral density of a real, homogeneous, random field defined over a regular lattice on the plane. In the present paper, results pertaining to the asymptotic distributional properties of such a periodogram are obtained. These results generalize some of the work of Hannan (1960), Walker (1965) and more directly Olshen (1967a,b) concerning asymptotic theory for the periodogram of a stationary time series. Although extension of asymptotic theory for one-dimensional periodograms to a parallel theory for two-dimensional periodograms is not completely straightforward (one runs into problems akin to the problems encountered in extending the theory of one-dimensional trigonometric series to two dimensions), further extensions to asymptotic theory for p-dimensional periodograms (p > 2) is easily accomplished by an obvious mimicry of the definitions, theorems and proofs for the two-dimensional case. Since the notation required for the p-dimensional case is rather cumbersome, we have chosen to give results only for two-dimensional periodograms.
Suppression of Auger recombination in arsenic‐rich InAs1−xSbx strained layer superlattices

Room-temperature pump-probe transmission experiments have been performed on an arsenic-rich InAs/InAs1-xSbx strained layer superlattice (SLS) above the fundamental absorption edge near 10 mu m, using a ps far-infrared free-electron laser. Measurements show complete bleaching at the excitation frequency, with recovery times which are found to be strongly dependent on the pump photon energy. At high excited carrier densities, corresponding to high photon energy and interband absorption coefficient, the recombination is dominated by Auger processes, A direct comparison with identical measurements on epilayers of InSb, of comparable room-temperature band gap, shows that the Auger processes have been substantially suppressed in the superlattice case as a result of both the quantum confinement and strain splittings in the SLS structure, In the nondegenerate regime, where the Auger lifetime scales as tau(aug)(-1)=C1Ne2, a value of C-1 some 100 times smaller is obtained for the SLS structure. The results have been interpreted in terms of an 8x8 k . p SLS energy band calculation, including the full dispersion for both k in plane and k parallel to the growth direction. This is the strongest example of room-temperature Auger suppression observed to date for these long-wavelength SLS alloy compositions and implies that these SLS materials may be attractive for applications as room-temperature mid-IR diode lasers. (C) 1996 American institute of Physics.
Assessment of two‐equation turbulence modelling for high Reynolds number hydrofoil flows

This paper presents an evaluation of the capability of turbulence models available in the commercial CFD code FLUENT 6.0 for their application to hydrofoil turbulent boundary layer separation flow at high Reynolds numbers. Four widely applied two‐equation RANS turbulence models were assessed through comparison with experimental data at Reynolds numbers of 8.284×106 and 1.657×107. They were the standard k–εmodel, the realizable k–εmodel, the standard k–ωmodel and the shear‐stress‐transport (SST) k–ωmodel. It has found that the realizable k–εturbulence model used with enhanced wall functions and near‐wall modelling techniques, consistently provides superior performance in predicting the flow characteristics around the hydrofoil. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generic Consistency of the Break-Point Estimator Under Specification Errors

This paper considers the asymptotic behavior of the break-point estimator when some or all of the variables in a structural-break model are misspecified. An obvious example is misspecifying a linear model as a log--log model. The results given here cover a large number of data transformations, including transformation of the independent variables, dependent variable and transformation of both variables at the same time. The true data generating process can be stationary or non-stationary. I establish a useful result that, under some relatively weak assumptions, the break point can always be consistently estimated regardless of how a structural-break model is misspecified. The asymptotic behavior of the SupWald test under model misspecification is studied. Simulations and empirical evidence are also provided. Copyright Royal Economic Society, 2003
Semiparametric Estimation of Average Treatment Eects under Exogeneity: A Review

Recently there has been a surge in econometric work focusing on estimating average treatment eects under various sets of assumptions. One strand of this literature has developed methods for estimating average treatment eects for a binary treatment under assumptions of exogeneity or unconfoundedness, also known as selection on observables. This assumption requires that given a set of covariates systematic dierences in outcomes between treated units and control units with the same values for these covariates are attributable to the treatment. The recent econometric literature has considered estimation and inference under weaker assumptions than typically considered in the earlier literature, in particularly by avoiding distributional and functional form assumptions, and has established eciency bounds. Various approaches to semiparametric estimation have been proposed, including estimating the unknown regression functions, matching, methods using the propensity score including weighting and blocking, and combinations of these approaches. In this paper I will review the state of this literature and discuss some of the unanswered questions, focusing in particular on the practical implementation of these methods, the plausibility of this exogeneity assumption in economic applications, the relative performance of the various semiparametric estimators when the key assumptions (unconfoundedness and overlap) are satisfied, alternative estimands such as quantile treatment eects, and alternative methods such as Bayesian inference.
It’s Déjà Vu All Over Again: Using Multiple-Spell Discrete-Time Survival Analysis

Multiple-spell discrete-time survival analysis can be used to investigate the repeated occurrence of a single event, or the sequential occurrence of disparate events, including: students’ and teachers’ entries into, and exits from, school; childrens’ progress through stages of cognitive reasoning; disturbed adolescents’ repeated suicide attempts; and so forth. In this article, we introduce and illustrate the method using longitudinal data on exit from, and reentry into, the teaching profession. The advantages of the approach include: (a) applicability to many educational problems; (b) easy inclusion of time-invariant and time-varying predictors; (c) minimal assumptions—no proportional-hazards assumption is invoked and so the effects of predictors can vary over time within, and across, spells; and (d) all statistical models can be fit with a standard logistic regression package.
Theoretical and computational aspects of scattering from rough surfaces: one-dimensional perfectly reflecting surfaces

Abstract We discuss the scattering of acoustic or electromagnetic waves from one-dimensional rough surfaces. We restrict the discussion in this report to perfectly reflecting Dirichlet surfaces (TE polarization). The theoretical development is for both infinite and periodic surfaces, the latter equations being derived from the former. We include both derivations for completeness of notation. Several theoretical developments are presented. They are characterized by integral equation solutions for the surface current or normal derivative of the total field. All the equations are discretized to a matrix system and further characterized by the sampling of the rows and columns of the matrix which is accomplished in either coordinate space (C) or spectral space (S). The standard equations are referred to here as CC equations of either the first (CC1) or second kind (CC2). Mixed representation, or SC-type, equations are solved as well as SS equations fully in spectral space. Computational results are presented f.
Empirical Correction of XBT Data

AbstractThe authors use a collocation method between XBT and CTD/Ocean Station Data (OSD; including bottle cast and low-resolution CTD) from World Ocean Database 2005 (WOD2005) to statistically correct the XBT fall rate. An analysis of the annual median bias on depth shows that it is necessary to apply a thermal correction, a second-order correction on the depth, as well as a depth offset representing measurement errors during XBT deployment. Data were separated into several categories: shallow and deep XBTs and below or above 10°C of vertically averaged ocean temperatures (in the top 400 m). Also, XBT measurements in the western Pacific between 1968 and 1985 were processed separately because of large regional biases. The estimated corrections deviate from other published estimates with some large variations in time of both linear and curvature terms in the depth corrections, and less time variation of the temperature correction for the deep XBTs. This analysis of heat content derived from corrected XBTs .
Radar Refractivity Retrieval: Validation and Application to Short-Term Forecasting

Abstract This study will validate the S-band dual-polarization Doppler radar (S-Pol) radar refractivity retrieval using measurements from the International H2O Project conducted in the southern Great Plains in May–June 2002. The range of refractivity measurements during this project extended out to 40–60 km from the radar. Comparisons between the radar refractivity field and fixed and mobile mesonet refractivity values within the S-Pol refractivity domain show a strong correlation. Comparisons between the radar refractivity field and low-flying aircraft also show high correlations. Thus, the radar refractivity retrieval provides a good representation of low-level atmospheric refractivity. Numerous instruments that profile the temperature and moisture are also compared with the refractivity field. Radiosonde measurements, Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometers, and a vertical-pointing Raman lidar show good agreement, especially at low levels. Under most daytime summertime conditions, radar refractivi.