Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Natural Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Bamboo Groves in Urban Forests

Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, people in countries around the world including the United Kingdom, Denmark, Canada, and South Korea are seeking physiological and psychological healing by visiting forests as stay-at-home orders continue. NVOCs (natural volatile organic compounds), a major healing factor of forests, have several positive effects on human health. This study specifically researched the NVOC characteristics of bamboo groves. This study revealed that α-pinene, 3-carene, and camphene were observed to emit the most, and the largest amount of NVOC emitted was seen during the early morning and late afternoon within bamboo groves. Furthermore, NVOC emission was found to have normal correlations with temperature and humidity, and inverse correlations with solar radiation, PAR (photosynthetically active radiation), and wind speed. A regression analysis conducted to predict the effect of microclimate factors on NVOC emissions resulted in a regression equation with 82.9% explanatory power, finding that PAR, temperature, and humidity had a significant effect on NVOC emission prediction. In conclusion, this study investigated NVOC emission of bamboo groves, examined the relationship between NVOC emissions and microclimate factors, and derived a prediction equation of NVOC emissions to figure out bamboo groves’ forest healing effects. These results are expected to provide a basis for establishing more effective forest healing programs in bamboo groves.
Impacts of Forest Management on Beneficial Fungi Within the Intermountain West

Forest disturbance and management practices can influence fungal diversity and community composition. In forest management, fungi have traditionally been viewed as undesirable and pathogenic. However, today we realize that many beneficial fungi are crucial to our forest's health. Existing research and published literature show the importance of fungal diversity and the need to develop novel management practices that consider fungal communities. These fungal communities are imperative to the success of our forests in the face of climate change. Managers will need to adapt and work amid fungal communities for our forests to remain healthy and robust. Management practices that promote fungal diversity may be more effective in addressing issues related to climate change than traditional management. When making forest management decisions, considering fungal communities can help promote resilient forests. Impacts of Forest Management on Fungi Within the Intermountain West 3
Running head: MAV INTERVENTION FOR BURNOUT 1 Does Mindfulness-, Acceptance-, and Value-Based Intervention Alleviate Burnout?-A Person- Centered Approach

This study investigated individual differences in changes in burnout symptoms during a brief mindfulness-, acceptance-, and value-based (MAV) intervention. It also studied whether the changes in burnout were simultaneous with the changes in mindfulness skills. The role of practices and learning experiences in these changes were investigated. The participants were employees of various occupations (n = 105, 80% women, mean age = 48 years). Latent profile analysis was used to investigate the associations between burnout and mindfulness skills during the intervention and a four-month follow-up period. Six distinct profiles were found that differed in levels and changes of both burnout and mindfulness skills. Burnout was reduced and mindfulness skills increased with large effect sizes in three of the profiles (47.4% of the participants). Two profiles (31.1%) presented smaller changes in burnout but had significant increases in mindfulness skills. One profile (11.5%) did not benefit from the intervention. The obtained profiles were compared on practice quantity and frequency, practice continuation, and learning experiences. There were no differences between the profiles in the practice quantity or frequency during the intervention. However, the profiles with the most beneficial changes showed higher learning during the intervention and continued to practice more often after the intervention. These findings show that there are considerable differences in the responses to a brief MAV intervention. The investigated intervention turned out to be effective in alleviating burnout symptoms, even when the initial burnout was high. Attention should be devoted to enhancing learning and practice continuation to improve intervention outcomes.
Journal of Development Innovations Vol. 6, No. 1, 2022

1 KarmaQuest International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 2 Department of Mines and Geology, Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Supplies, Kathmandu, Nepal (Email: kumarkhadka26@gmail.com) 3 Shivam Cement Limited, Hetauda, Nepal (Email: shrestha.manish2019@gmail.com) 4 KarmaQuest International, 941 Goose River Avenue, Gloucester, Ontario, K1V 1T7, Canada (Email: santamanrai1@gmail.com) 5 Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, Ontario, Canada (Email: ambikapaudel@cmail.carleton.ca )
Comment on esd-2020-85 Anonymous

The authors have assessed the application of emergent constraints to estimate uncertainties in unknown climate projections. The recent increase in the application of emergent constraints in Earth Science makes this a timely issue, even more in the last year since the new ensemble of Earth system models (CMIP6) became available. Furthermore, the manuscript is very well written and structured, which made it a pleasure to read. However, the main motivation for the paper is that emergent constraints are used too literally (line 681) and “confusing to policymakers” (line 17). I do not fully share this assumption and I argue below why I think this is not the case. Overall, I have major and minor questions that would need to be resolved before a possible publication.
A SIMPLE METHOD OF CALCULATING QUEUE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRIORITY QUEUEING SYSTEMS WITH FEEDBACK

In modern telephone systems utilizing computers. the realizat.ion of a single server feedback queueing system often arises. In this paper it is assumed that an originating or transferred call to such a telephone system requires a certain number of different services before leaving the sys·tem as a completed or rejected call. Also included is the possibility that a call may be made to repeat a portion of its required services with ~ome assigned probability. This paper describes a simple method of calculating the size of the queue waiting for any particular service. The procedure is illustrated by two diverse examples.
Primary School Physical Education at the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Could Online Teaching Undermine Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Work Engagement?

This study aimed to evaluate whether primary school classroom teachers reported changes in physical education teaching self-efficacy (SE-PE) and work engagement (WE) during the first COVID-19 wave. Six-hundred-twenty-two classroom teachers filled in an online questionnaire on SE-PE and WE, referring to before and during the lockdown, and on perceived digital competence. While controlling for perceived digital competence, a mixed between-within Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (RM-MANCOVA) was performed, with a two-time (before vs. during the lockdown) and three age-categories (≤40 vs. 41-50 vs. ≥51 years) factorial design. The RM-MANCOVA revealed that perceived digital competence significantly adjusted teachers’ SE-PE and WE values (p&lt;0.001). The analysis yielded a significant multivariate main effect by time (p&lt; 0.001) and by time × age-categories (p=0.001). Follow-up univariate ANCOVA showed significant differences by time in teachers’ SE-PE (p&lt;0.001) and WE (p &lt; 0.001), with a reduction of both values from before to during the lockdown. A Bonferroni post hoc pairwise comparisons showed teachers’ SE-PE significantly decreased in all age categories (p&lt;0.001). The present findings confirm the importance of promoting SE-PE among primary school teachers, regardless of the crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Teachers’ self-efficacy and WE are essential to master the challenges of PE teaching.
ANALYSIS OF ASPECTS OF NATURE OF SCIENCE EXPRESSED BY A TEACHER IN INITIAL TRAINING IN THE CONTEXT OF A CHEMISTRY HISTORY DISCIPLINE

Researchers have emphasized the need for teachers to develop their knowledge of nature of science. Therefore, we investigated the views about science of a pre-service teacher, for such, we identified and discussed aspects of nature of science that were expressed by her in a teaching-learning environment of History of Chemistry explicitly involving discussions about science. Based on field notes and the portfolio written by the pre-service teachers, we identified, from MoSSE v.2, the expression of 23 aspects of nature of science related to the context of the historical cases discussed in the discipline. Finally, we emphasize the need for discussions about science and about History of Chemistry to permeate pre-service teacher education, aiming at the development and mobilization of pedagogical content knowledge, and we discuss the potentials and limitations of using MoSSE v.2 as an analysis tool. ANÁLISE DE ASPECTOS DE NATUREZA DA CIÊNCIA EXPRESSOS POR UMA PROFESSORA EM FORMAÇÃO INICIAL NO CONTEXTO DE UMA DISCIPLINA DE HISTÓRIA DA QUÍMICA RESUMO: Pesquisadores têm ressaltado a necessidade de professores desenvolverem seus conhecimentos de Natureza da Ciência. Diante disso, investigamos as visões sobre Ciências de uma professora em formação inicial, para tal, identificamos e discutimos aspectos de Natureza da Ciência que foram expressos por ela em um ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem de história da química envolvendo explicitamente discussões sobre Ciências. Baseado em notas de campo e no portfólio redigido pela professora em formação, identificamos, utilizando o MoCEC v.2, a expressão de 23 aspectos de Natureza da Ciência relacionados ao contexto dos casos históricos discutidos na disciplina. Por fim, enfatizamos a necessidade de discussões sobre Ciências e sobre história da química permearem a formação inicial, visando o desenvolvimento e mobilização de conhecimentos pedagógicos de conteúdo, e discutimos as potencialidades e limitações do uso do MoCEC v.2 como ferramenta de análise. ANALYSIS OF ASPECTS OF NATURE OF SCIENCE EXPRESSED BY A TEACHER IN INITIAL TRAINING IN THE CONTEXT OF A CHEMISTRY HISTORY DISCIPLINE Palavra-chave: Natureza da Ciência; Formação Inicial; História da Química.
Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells onto Plastic Substrate Exceeding 13% Efficiency Owing to the Optimization of CH3NH3PbI3–xClx Film via H2O Additive

In this work, flexible perovskite solar cells (F-PSCs) are fabricated utilizing the device polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH3NH3PbI3–xClx/PCBM/Ag, which exhibits the optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) reaching 13.27%, superb stability against bending deformation, and advantageous stability in ambient atmosphere without encapsulation. Meanwhile, we herein confirm a fact that incorporating suitable H2O additive into the perovskite precursor solution leads to an enhanced CH3NH3PbI3–xClx perovskite quality for F-PSCs application, including the improvement of morphology and electrical properties. To better summarize the mechanism concerning how H2O additive affects the perovskite film quality, CH3NH3PbI3–xClx films are prepared by a simple one-step spinning method from a solution containing CH3NH3I, PbI2, and PbCl2 in a mixed solvent of H2O and dimethylformamide (DMF) with solely various volume ratio ranging from 0.1% to 0.9%. Through a comparative analysis, it is proposed that.
CHEMISTRY SELF-CONCEPT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS INVESTIGATED BY THE PREPARATION AND VALIDATION OF A SCALE

2 Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Física, Salvador, BA, Brasil. ABSTRACT: In this study, we present the process of developing and validating a chemistry self-concept scale for Brazilian high school students and of evaluating the configuration of the sample’s self-concept. We developed a structural model and a test that was applied to 203 students. The analysis was done using the item response theory and the classic test theory. The results indicated that the scale is valid and comprises three factors: performance, interest, and cognitive engagement. None of these factors prevail in the self-concept, which means that they all contribute equally to dimension this construct. Through this analysis, we also identified that only sex was a predictor. However, it only influenced the self-concept in the performance factor.
How to Design an Outphasing Power Amplifier with Digital Predistortion

For improving the fifth-generation mobile communication system, a highly efficient power amplifier must be designed for the base station. An outphasing amplifier is expected to be a solution for achieving high efficiency. We designed a combiner, one of the key components of the outphasing amplifier, using a serial Chireix combiner and fabricated an amplifier with a GaN HEMT, achieving 70% or more high efficiency up to 9 dB back-off power in an 800 MHz band. We also fabricated a 2 GHzband outphasing amplifier with the same design. We applied digital predistortion (DPD) to control the balance of amplifying units in this amplifier and achieved an average efficiency of 65% under a 20 MHz modulation bandwidth. key words: outphasing, Chireix combiner, power amplifier, high efficiency, predistortion
European daily precipitation according to EURO-CORDEX RCMs and high-resolution GCMs from HighResMIP

In this study, we evaluate a set of high-resolution (25-50 km horizontal grid spacing) Global Climate Models (GCMs) from the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP), developed as part of the EU-funded PRIMAVERA project, and the EURO-CORDEX Regional Climate Models (RCMs) (12-50 km horizontal grid spacing) over a European domain. It is the first time that an assessment of regional climate information using ensembles of both GCMs and RCMs at similar horizontal resolutions has been possible. The focus of the evaluation is on the distribution of daily precipitation at 50km scale under current climate conditions. Both the GCM and RCM ensembles are evaluated against highquality gridded observations in terms of spatial resolution and station density. We show that both ensembles outperform GCMs from the 5th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), which cannot capture the regional-scale precipitation distribution properly because of their coarse resolutions. PRIMAVERA GCMs generally simulate precipitation distributions within the range of EURO-CORDEX RCMs. Both ensembles perform better in summer and autumn in most European regions, but tend to overestimate precipitation in winter and spring. PRIMAVERA shows improvements in the latter by reducing moderate-precipitation rate biases over Central and Western Europe. The spatial distribution of mean precipitation is also
Bayesian Optimistic Optimisation with Exponentially Decaying Regret

1: while True do 2: Set vmax = −∞ 3: for h = 0 to min(depth(Tp), hmax(p)) do 4: Among all leaves (h, j) of depth h, select (h, i) ∈ argmax(h,j)∈Lf(ch,j) 5: if f(ch,i) ≥ vmax then 6: Expand node (h, i) by adding m children (h+ 1, ij) to tree Tp 7: Evaluate all m functional values f(ch+1,ij ), where (h+ 1, ij) are children of (h, i) 8: Update vmax = f(ch,i) 9: Update p = p+ 1 10: end if 11: end for 12: end while
Progressive-Scale Blackbox Attack via Projective Gradient Estimation

In Appendix A, we show a summary of our theoretical results, compare it with related work, and demonstrate the complete proofs. In Appendix B, we visualize the key characteristics for improving the gradient estimator, and formally justify the existence of the optimal scale. In Appendix C, we show how the target models, i.e., the models we attacked in the experiments, are prepared. In Appendix D, we include more details about our PSBA-PGAN, such as the architecture and training of the projection model, the detailed algorithmic description of the progressive scaling procedure, and the implementation details. In Appendix E, we show additional quantitative experimental results and ablation studies. Finally, in Appendix F, we randomly sample a few original and attacked image pairs to demonstrate the efficiency of our attack compared with other baselines.
Closed-Circuit Television: Its Role in Reducing Burglaries and the Fear of Crime in Sheltered Accommodation for the Elderly

This article discusses an initiative that used closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems to protect elderly people from burglary. The cameras were installed in "sheltered accommodation. " These are buildings specifically designed for the elderly who, the police had found, were particularly vulnerable. They were easily deceived into admitting burglars onto the premises, allowing them to bypass existing security systems. They were also poor witnesses, who failed to identify burglars when they were caught. The police were convinced that many of the burglars committing these offenses had previous convictions and would therefore be deterred by the presence of cameras. The CCTV system aimed at deterrence, through the use of dummy cameras and warning notices, and at offender detection, through the use of concealed cameras. During the period of the evaluation, recorded burglary rates and levels of fear reduced significantly and there were several arrests in which film was used in evidence.
Learning to Look Inside: Augmenting Token-Based Encoders with Character-Level Information

Commonly-used transformer language models depend on a tokenization schema which sets an unchangeable subword vocabulary prior to pre-training, destined to be applied to all downstream tasks regardless of domain shift, novel word formations, or other sources of vocabulary mismatch. Recent work has shown that"token-free"models can be trained directly on characters or bytes, but training these models from scratch requires substantial computational resources, and this implies discarding the many domain-specific models that were trained on tokens. In this paper, we present XRayEmb, a method for retrofitting existing token-based models with character-level information. XRayEmb is composed of a character-level"encoder"that computes vector representations of character sequences, and a generative component that decodes from the internal representation to a character sequence. We show that incorporating XRayEmb's learned vectors into sequences of pre-trained token embeddings helps performance on both autoregressive and masked pre-trained transformer architectures and on both sequence-level and sequence tagging tasks, particularly on non-standard English text.
SignalGP-Lite: Event Driven Genetic Programming Library for Large-Scale Artificial Life Applications

Event-driven genetic programming representations have been shown to outperform traditional imperative representations on interaction-intensive problems. The event-driven approach organizes genome content into modules that are triggered in response to environmental signals, simplifying simulation design and implementation. Existing work developing event-driven genetic programming methodology has largely used the SignalGP library, which caters to traditional program synthesis applications. The SignalGP-Lite library enables larger-scale artificial life experiments with streamlined agents by reducing control flow overhead and trading run-time flexibility for better performance due to compile-time configuration. Here, we report benchmarking experiments that show an 8x to 30x speedup. We also report solution quality equivalent to SignalGP on two benchmark problems originally developed to test the ability of evolved programs to respond to a large number of signals and to modulate signal response based on context.
Multi-objective Conflict-based Search Using Safe-interval Path Planning

This paper addresses a generalization of the well known multi-agent path finding (MAPF) problem that optimizes multiple conflicting objectives simultaneously such as travel time and path risk. This generalization, referred to as multi-objective MAPF (MOMAPF), arises in several applications ranging from hazardous material transportation to construction site planning. In this paper, we present a new multi-objective conflict-based search (MO-CBS) approach that relies on a novel multi-objective safe interval path planning (MO-SIPP) algorithm for its low-level search. We first develop the MO-SIPP algorithm, show its properties and then embed it in MO-CBS. We present extensive numerical results to show that (1) there is an order of magnitude improvement in the average low level search time, and (2) a significant improvement in the success rates of finding the Pareto-optimal front can be obtained using the proposed approach in comparison with the previous MO-CBS.
Scrutinizing GW-Based Methods Using the Hubbard Dimer

Using the simple (symmetric) Hubbard dimer, we analyze some important features of the GW approximation. We show that the problem of the existence of multiple quasiparticle solutions in the (perturbative) one-shot GW method and its partially self-consistent version is solved by full self-consistency. We also analyze the neutral excitation spectrum using the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) formalism within the standard GW approximation and find, in particular, that 1) some neutral excitation energies become complex when the electron-electron interaction U increases, which can be traced back to the approximate nature of the GW quasiparticle energies; 2) the BSE formalism yields accurate correlation energies over a wide range of U when the trace (or plasmon) formula is employed; 3) the trace formula is sensitive to the occurrence of complex excitation energies (especially singlet), while the expression obtained from the adiabatic-connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem (ACFDT) is more stable (yet less accurate); 4) the trace formula has the correct behavior for weak (i.e., small U) interaction, unlike the ACFDT expression.
Conductance of a dissipative quantum dot: Nonequilibrium crossover near a non-Fermi-liquid quantum critical point

Gu Zhang,1, 3, ∗ E. Novais,2, † and Harold U. Baranger1, ‡ Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, U.S.A. Centro de Ciı́ncias Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andrè, SP 09210-580, Brazil Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany (Dated: 30 September 2021; accepted version of manuscript published as Phys. Rev. B 104, 165423 (2021))
Quantum controllability on graph-like manifolds through magnetic potentials and boundary conditions

We investigate the controllability of an infinite-dimensional quantum system: a quantum particle confined on a Thick Quantum Graph, a generalisation of Quantum Graphs whose edges are allowed to be manifolds of arbitrary dimension with quasi-δ boundary conditions. This is a particular class of self-adjoint boundary conditions compatible with the graph structure. We prove that global approximate controllability can be achieved using two physically distinct protocols: either using the boundary conditions as controls, or using time-dependent magnetic fields. Both cases have time-dependent domains for the Hamiltonians.