Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chorioamnionitis: An Update on Diagnostic Evaluation

Chorioamnionitis remains a major cause of preterm birth and maternal and neonatal morbidity. We reviewed the current evidence for the diagnostic tests of chorioamnionitis and how this relates to clinical practice today. A comprehensive literature search and review was conducted on chorioamnionitis and intra-uterine inflammation. Data from randomized control trials and systematic reviews were prioritized. This review highlights that sterile inflammation plays an important role in chorioamnionitis and that the current tests for chorioamnionitis including clinical criteria, maternal plasma and vaginal biomarkers lack diagnostic accuracy. Concerningly, these tests often rely on detecting an inflammatory response after damage has occurred to the fetus. Care should be taken when interpreting current investigations for the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis and how they guide obstetric/neonatal management. There is an urgent need for further validation of current diagnostic tests and the development of novel, accurate, minimally invasive tests that detect subclinical intra-uterine inflammation.
Science Arts & Métiers (SAM)

In this paper, a review of work performed in the area of force modelling in metal cutting processes is presented. Past and present trends are described and criticised to compare their relevance with current requirements. Several approaches are reviewed, such as empirical, mechanistic and analytical models. The models’ ability to predict forces, from rough machining to ﬁnish machining, is analysed
A holistic approach to Mima mound prairie restoration

Invasive winter annual grasses (IWAGs), such as ventenata and downy brome, threaten western United States ecosystems and reduce forage. While downy brome has been extensively studied, ventenata is less known although its population appears to be rapidly expanding into previously IWAG resistant habitat. In arid habitats, intact biological soil crust (biocrust) can increase IWAG resistance. However, biocrust patches also exist in semiarid habitats, such as the Inland Northwest, USA, where their effects on IWAGs are less understood. Biocrusts’ effects on ventenata are unknown and there has been little formal documentation of ventenata’s spread. Consequently, my goals were to: 1) document changes in ventenata’s population size (and other IWAGs), 2) determine how IWAG invasion relates to biocrust abundance and composition, and 3) determine habitat characteristics related to IWAG susceptibility in a semiarid Mima mound prairie at Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge (TNWR) in Cheney, WA. Mima mounds are soil aggregations underlain by basalt bedrock or alluvial gravel interspersed by intermounds with shallow soil and biocrust. I recorded changes in vascular plant species composition and IWAG stem counts in 1 m 2 plots in 2009, 2012, and 2013. Plots were randomly stratified among basalt mounds, alluvial mounds, and basalt intermounds. Biocrust composition and cover were recorded in 2012. From 2009 to 2013 ventenata abundance increased 15-fold on mounds, while other IWAGs did not change. The highest cover of ventenata and biocrust was on basalt intermounds, where other IWAGs were rare. On intermounds, biocrust diversity and lichen cover were negatively related to ventenata cover, but not moss cover. Before ventenata invasion, basalt intermounds were dominated
Beyond digital platforms: Gamified skill development in real-world scenarios and environmental variables

The goal of this study is to investigate the efficacy of gamified training programs and the influence of contextual variables on skill learning in the specific context of Saudi Arabia. Current research examines the impact of cultural and socioeconomic variables on the efficacy of gamification as a motivating tool. Moreover, it explores the use of real-world situations in skill-development initiatives, paying special attention to how such programs mesh with the aims of Saudi Vision 2030. The goal of this lofty strategy is to develop a knowledgeable and talented labor force and stimulate economic growth. Incorporating quantitative analysis helps to reveal a statistically significant and positive association between involvement and the enhancement of abilities, lending credence to the efficacy of gamified techniques. Extensive studies have also shown that a wide range of external influences have a major impact on the educational setting. Culture, social status, technical progress, and level of education are just a few examples of the many characteristics that fall under this category. They all contribute significantly to the educational setting. To effectively bridge the gap between academic ideas and their practical manifestations, it is crucial to include real-world experiences. Policymakers, educators, and organizations working to improve skill development within Saudi Arabia's specific context may gain much-needed insights from the aforementioned results.
Group B Streptococci recto-vaginal colonization, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and associated factors among pregnant women at selected health facilities of Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia

Background Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcal colonization of the gastrointestinal and genital tracts of pregnant women usually remains asymptomatic, even though it is the critical determinant of infection in neonates and young infants. It causes early and late onset of invasive Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease manifesting as septicemia, meningitis, and pneumonia. Now it is recognized as an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world including Ethiopia, where the magnitude of the problem has been little studied. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of GBS colonization and to identify associated risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among pregnant women at selected health facilities of Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia. Methodology A health-facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted at WSUCSH & Wolaita Sodo Health Center from June to August, 2022. A total of 279 pregnant women who were in ANC follow-up at 35–37 weeks of gestation were included. For GBS isolation, recto-vaginal swabs were inoculated in 1 mL Todd-Hewitt broth medium supplemented with 10 μg/mL colistin and 15 μg/mL nalidixic acid, followed by identification of isolates based on colonial morphology, gram stains, catalase reaction, and CAMP tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a modified Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. All collected data were entered in Epi info 4.6. 0.2, then transferred and tabulated using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between variables. Finally, a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results In the present study, 279 pregnant mothers, aged between 15 to 38 years with a mean of 26.5 ± 4.5 years, were included. Of all participants, the highest proportion (120) (43.01%) were housewives. The overall carriage rate of GBS was 67 (24.0%). GBS colonization showed a statistically significant association with college and above levels of maternal education [AOR = 6.610, 95% CI (1.724–25.349), p = 0.01]. High susceptibility of GBS isolate was seen with Penicillin G & Chloramphenicol (92.5%), Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone (89.6%), Vancomycin (74.62%), and Erythromycin (77%). Relatively, GBS showed high resistance to Tetracycline (88%). Conclusion and recommendation In this study, the overall prevalence of GBS colonization was 24.0%. College and above educational level was statistically significant with GBS colonization. This study aimed to draw attention to the management of Group B Streptococci in pregnant women by making GBS culture one of the routine diagnoses during ANC follow-up and to prevent infection with early detection.
Multivariate Controls on the Incidence of Glacier Surging in the Karakoram Himalaya

ABSTRACT Surge-type glaciers experience cyclic flow instabilities characterized by alternating periods of slow and fast flow. The geographical distribution of surge-type glaciers has been shown to be distinctly non-random in that they are clustered in some regions yet are completely absent from others. In order to identify factors that influence glacier surging, a number of environmental and glacial attributes were examined for an area in the Karakoram Himalaya, Central Asia. A new GIS-based glacier inventory was produced using a combination of ASTER and Landsat remotely sensed images and paper maps. A total of 150 glaciers were digitized, with 19 of these (12.6%) being classified as of surge-type. Attribute data for 10 glacial and environmental attributes were recorded either during the digitization phase or extracted automatically from the GIS. Simple data visualization techniques revealed a positive correlation between glacier surging and glacier length, area, perimeter size, average width, debris cover, and orientation. The use of univariate logit regression analysis showed that length, area, perimeter, average width, and the heaviest debris cover class showed significant correlation with surging. Multivariate logit regression techniques were employed to show that length, area, average width, and debris cover were all multicollinear, with the strongest statistically modeled relationship using the variable perimeter size. The significance of glacier perimeter on surging may be explained by an increased availability of avalanche-fed snow and debris material which may act as a mass balance proxy. The findings that glacier size (in particular length and perimeter) is most strongly related to surging are consistent with the findings of studies in a number of different regions.
The Influence of Soil Geochemistry on Nematode Distribution, Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

ABSTRACT Soils of the McMurdo Dry Valleys are among the most extreme terrestrial environments, hosting low-diversity food webs of microbes, protozoa, and metazoan invertebrates. Distribution of soil invertebrates, particularly nematodes, is related to the highly variable soil geochemistry of the valleys. Bull Pass is a glacially carved area within the McMurdo Dry Valleys where a broad range of geochemical conditions occurs along a continuous soil gradient. This site provides the opportunity to investigate how soil geochemistry controls nematode distribution on a local scale, and to establish correlations that may also be relevant at regional scales. At Bull Pass, two nematode species were present, with the dominant Scottnema lindsayae occurring in >30% of the samples. There were significant negative correlations between live nematode abundance and soil nitrate concentration and salinity, consistent with experiments showing strong salinity effects on nematode survival. A logistic regression model based on data sets from across the McMurdo Dry Valleys showed a strong negative relationship between soil salinity and the probability of live nematodes occurring. Soil chemistry and nematode distribution from the Bull Pass transect are compared with model results and suggest that the larger-scale distribution of nematodes across the McMurdo Dry Valleys may be reflected in the smaller-scale chemical and biological gradients at Bull Pass.
Submarine groundwater discharge revealed by aerial thermal infrared imagery: a case study on Jeju Island, Korea

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a global phenomenon that carries large volumes of groundwater and dissolved chemical species such as nutrient, metals, and organic compounds to coastal zones. We report the influence of SGD on the coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea, using high‐resolution aerial thermal infrared (TIR) mapping techniques and field investigations. An aircraft‐based system was implemented using a cost‐effective TIR camera for aerial TIR mapping. Ground‐based calibrations and system integration with GPS/IMU (global positioning system/inertial measurement unit) were performed for the aerial systems. The aerial surveys showed distinct low‐temperature signatures of SGD along the coasts of Jeju Island, revealing large groundwater inputs from the coastal aquifers to the ocean. Multiple aerial surveys over a range of seasons and tidal stages revealed that SGD rates dynamically affect the sea surface temperature (SST) of the coastal zone. The in‐situ measurements supported that SGD has a substantial influence on the coastal water chemistry as well as SST. Our observations highlight the extent to which aerial‐based TIR mapping can serve as a powerful tool for studying SGD and other coastal processes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Insights to Cloud Seeding for Enhancing Precipitation and for Hail Suppression

Satellite synoptic microphysical observations of the impacts of aerosols on cloud microstructure and precipitation forming processes provide us with the extent and scale of inadvertent weather modification. Intended seeding signatures are detectable at much smaller scale by the same satellite technology. Inadvertent and intended weather modification have been regarded until now mostly as independent issues. In this brief review the two are contrasted and presented as different manifestations of the same sensitivity of precipitation forming processes to the role of aerosols in the rate of conversion of cloud droplets into precipitation and the dynamic response of the clouds, which result in changes of the amount and distribution of precipitation. These considerations are applied here separately to orographic and convective clouds. It is shown that we can learn much on the potential of cloud seeding for precipitation enhancement by observing the opposite response of the clouds to inadvertent effects due to air pollution.
Time-dependent CP asymmetries in B 0 ! K 0 s 0 transitions

Y. Ushiroda, K. Sumisawa, K. Abe, K. Abe, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, D. Anipko, K. Arinstein, A. M. Bakich, E. Barberio, M. Barbero, A. Bay, I. Bedny, K. Belous, U. Bitenc, I. Bizjak, S. Blyth, A. Bondar, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, J. Brodzicka, T. E. Browder, P. Chang, Y. Chao, A. Chen, K. -F. Chen, W. T. Chen, B. G. Cheon, R. Chistov, Y. Choi, Y. K. Choi, S. Cole, J. Dalseno, M. Dash, S. Eidelman, N. Gabyshev, T. Gershon, A. Go, B. Golob, H. Ha, J. Haba, K. Hara, M. Hazumi, D. Heffernan, T. Higuchi, Y. Hoshi, S. Hou, W. -S. Hou, T. Iijima, K. Ikado, K. Inami, A. Ishikawa, H. Ishino, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, Y. Iwasaki, J. H. Kang, N. Katayama, H. Kawai, T. Kawasaki, H. R. Khan, H. Kichimi, H. J. Kim, Y. J. Kim, K. Kinoshita, P. Križan, R. Kulasiri, R. Kumar, A. Kuzmin, Y. -J. Kwon, M. J. Lee, S. E. Lee, T. Lesiak, A. Limosani, S. -W. Lin, F. Mandl, D. Marlow, T. Matsumoto, A. Matyja, S. McOnie, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, H. Miyata, Y. Miyazaki, R. Mizuk, G. R. Moloney, T. Mori, E. Nakano, M. Nakao, H. Nakazawa, Z. Natkaniec, S. Nishida, O. Nitoh, S. Noguchi, S. Ogawa, T. Ohshima, S. Okuno, Y. Onuki, H. Ozaki, P. Pakhlov, C. W. Park, H. Park, L. S. Peak, R. Pestotnik, L. E. Piilonen, Y. Sakai, N. Satoyama, T. Schietinger, O. Schneider, J. Schümann, A. J. Schwartz, R. Seidl, K. Senyo, M. E. Sevior, M. Shapkin, H. Shibuya, J. B. Singh, A. Somov, N. Soni, M. Starič, H. Stoeck, S. Suzuki, S. Y. Suzuki, O. Tajima, F. Takasaki, K. Tamai, M. Tanaka, G. N. Taylor, Y. Teramoto, X. C. Tian, K. Trabelsi, T. Tsuboyama, T. Tsukamoto, S. Uehara, K. Ueno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Usov, G. Varner, K. E. Varvell, S. Villa, C. H. Wang, Y. Watanabe, R. Wedd, E. Won, Q. L. Xie, B. D. Yabsley, A. Yamaguchi, Y. Yamashita, M. Yamauchi, L. M. Zhang, Z. P. Zhang, V. Zhilich, and A. Zupanc
Extremal Dependence between Temperature and Ozone over the Continental U.S

The co-occurrence of heat waves and pollution events and the resulting high mortality rates emphasizes the importance of the co-occurrence of pollution and temperature extremes. Through the use of extreme value theory and other statistical methods ozone and temperature extremes and their joint occurrence are analyzed over the United States during the summer months (JJA) using Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) measurement data and simulations of the present and future climate and chemistry in the Community Earth System Model (CESM1) CAM4-chem. Three simulations using 5 CAM4-chem were analyzed: the Chemistry Climate Model Initiative (CCMI) reference experiment using specified dynamics (REFC1SD) between 1992-2010, a 25-year present-day simulation branched off the CCMI REFC2 simulation in the year 2000 and a 25-year future simulation branched off the CCMI REFC2 simulation in 2100. The latter two simulations differed in their concentration of carbon dioxide (representative of the years 2000 and 2100) but were otherwise identical. A new metric is developed to measure the joint extremal dependence of ozone and temperature by evaluating the spectral dependence of their 10 extremes. Two regions of the U.S. give the strongest measured extreme dependence of ozone and temperature: the northeast and the southeast. The simulations do not capture the relationship between temperature and ozone over the northeast but do simulate a strong dependence of ozone on extreme temperatures over the southeast. In general, the simulations of ozone and temperature do not capture the width of the measured temperature and ozone distributions. While on average the future increase in the 90th percentile temperature and the 90th percentile ozone slightly exceed the mean increase over the continental U.S., in 15 many regions the width of the temperature and ozone distributions decrease. The location of future increases in the tails of the ozone distribution are weakly related to those of temperature with a correlation of 0.3. 1 Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. , https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-1033 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discussion started: 30 November 2017 c © Author(s) 2017. CC BY 4.0 License.
Unlocking the potential of big data through open innovation on strategic foresight: An empirical analysis

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of Big Data on strategic foresight in the presence of open innovation as a (mediating variable) in the companies of the therapeutic industry and the medical supplies sector in Amman the capital city of Jordan. Out of the (121) companies making up the total of such companies, the study focused on (18) industrial companies that had more than (100) employees in total, however only (11) of those have consented to take part in the study. The study population consisted of (271) employees occupying different jobs (general manager, deputy general manager, unit manager, department manager). Due to the limited size of the population, the entire number of employees were included as participants using the comprehensive survey technique, and the number of returned and validated questionnaires for analysis were (259), representing (95.5%) of the total. In order to determine the study problem, pilot structured interviews were used in a sample of the mentioned companies. The questionnaire was employed as the key tool to measure the study variables through data collection, and the descriptive and inferential statistics methods were used to analyze the collected data, through calculations of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test and half-segmentation, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and the structured equation model using SMART PLS3 for hypothesis testing. The study culminated in several results, the most important of which was evidence that open innovation played a partial mediating role in the relationship between big data and strategic foresight in the companies of the therapeutic industries and medical supplies sector. Accordingly, a set of recommendations were put forward, the most important of which is to increase investment in big data in the companies due to its importance in foreseeing the future. As well as applying open innovation practices and strengthening strategic foresight practices due to its important role in avoiding extensive losses and seizing new opportunities. Highlighting the need to pay attention to open innovation practices that generate ideas and help to have strategic foresight.
Electroconvulsive seizures regulate various stages of hippocampal cell genesis and mBDNF at different times after treatment in adolescent and adult rats of both sexes

Electroconvulsive therapy, a fast-acting option for treatment-resistant depression, is modeled at the preclinical level through the induction of electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) in rodents. Recent studies from our group proved sex- and age-differences in the antidepressant-like response elicited by ECS in rats; while an antidepressant-like response was observed in male adolescent and adult rats (although with greater efficacy in adulthood), the same parameters rendered inefficacious in females of any age. To better understand the potential sex differences taking place at the molecular level that might be mediating these behavioral disparities, we evaluated the impact of a repeated treatment with ECS (95 mA for 0.6 s, 100 Hz, 0.6 ms) in adolescent and adult rats of both sexes. Several hippocampal markers of neuroplasticity, commonly regulated by most antidepressants, such as those of neurogenesis (cell proliferation, neurogenic differentiation, long-term cell survival) or mBDNF and associated signaling (e.g., mTOR and ERK1/2) were evaluated at different time-points after treatment (1-, 8-, 15- and up to 30-days post-treatment). The main results demonstrated that ECS improved the survival rate of new cells born in the dentate gryus before treatment. Moreover, ECS increased cell proliferation and neurogenic differentiation at different times post-treatment, paired with persistent increases in mBDNF, observed long after treatment. In general, effects were different for each sex and varied with the age of the animal (adolescent vs. adulthood). The present study is the first-one to demonstrate that such persistent molecular changes induced by ECS in hippocampus, some of them observed up to 30-days post-treatment, also occurred in female rats and adolescence. Although these molecular changes could not justify the lack of ECS efficacy described by these same parameters of ECS in female rats (vs. male rats), they proposed certain beneficial effects common to both sexes, and age periods studied, opening the avenue for further studies. Based on these neurochemical effects, ECS should have displayed similar efficacies for both biological sexes. Therefore, the reason behind these disparities should be further explored to better translate efficacious treatments specific and/or personalized for each sex to the clinic.