Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Bio-Efficacy of Newer Molecules of Insecticides against Leafhopper, Emposca (Distantasca) Terminalis in Yard Long Bean, Vigna Unguiculata Subsp. Sesquipedalis

1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Shivamogga, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga577225, India 2 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Shivamogga, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga577225, India 3 Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shivamogga, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga577225, India
Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 among Pakistani residents: information access and low literacy vulnerabilities.

Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has accentuated the need for speedy access to information. Digital divide and socio-demographic disparity create an information hiatus and therefore unhealthy practices with regard to dealing with COVID-19, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Aims We assessed knowledge, attitudes, practices and their determinants regarding COVID-19 in Pakistan during March-April 2020. Methods 905 adults ≥18 years (males and females) participated: 403 from a web-based survey; 365 from an urban survey; and 137 from a rural survey. Frequency of adequate knowledge, attitudes and practices for the three populations was determined based on available global guidelines. Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined factors of adequacy of knowledge, attitudes, practices, and association of knowledge with attitudes and practices. Results Mean age of the participants was 33.5 (+ SD 11.1) years, 51% were females. More females and young adults (18-30 years) participated in the web-based survey. The urban survey and web-based survey participants had significantly higher adequate knowledge (2-7 times) and practices (4-5 times) towards COVID-19. Adequate knowledge had a significant influence on healthy attitudes and practices for COVID-19, after adjustment for covariates. Overall, two-thirds of the population had high levels of fear about COVID-19, which was highest among the rural survey population. Conclusion Substantial gaps exist in adequate knowledge, attitudes and practices, particularly among rural populations, and underscores the variation in access to information according to level of education and access to the internet. Thus, a comprehensive, contextually congruent awareness raising strategy is urgently needed to confront COVID-19 among these populations.
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SUGAR BEET AS AFFECTED BY PLANTING PATTERN, DENSITY AND SOME WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS

Two filed trails were conducted during two successive winter seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 to study the effect of two planting pattern, i.e. ridges, 55cm. width with planting on one side / ridge and terraces, 110cm. width with planting on both sides of the terrace, five weed control treatments, i.e. hand hoeing twice at 30 and 50 days from planting, Harness 84% EC at the rate of 750 cm. 3 as preemergence, Razor golde96% EC at the rate of 500 cm. 3 as post emergence, Harness 84% EC followed by hand hoeing, one month later and razor golde96% EC followed by hand hoeing, one month later and three planting spaces, i.e. 20,25 and 30cm. between hills on growth, yield and its components as well as quality of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) variety Belino. A split-split plot design with four replications was used. The obtained results could be summarized as follows: 1Planting pattern did not exhibit significant effect on dry weight of total leaved weeds. While hand hoeing twice at 30 and 50 days from planting gave the lowest dry weight of total leaved weeds in the first season(224.33g/m 2 ), while herbicide (Razor golde 96% EC ) at rate of 500 cm. 3 as post emergence followed by hand hoeing one month later gave the best treatment(89.88g/m 2 ) in second season. In first season, 25cm. between hills recorded marked decreased in dry weight of total leaved weeds (844.75g/m 2 ) compared with 20 and 30 cm. hillspacing. 2Planting pattern had highly significant effect on root fresh weight (g/p) as well as root length and diameter (cm.) in the first season. Planting on ridges surpassed planting on terraces in all traits except
Uncertainty Estimation with Deep Learning for Rainfall-Runoff Modelling

Abstract. Deep Learning is becoming an increasingly important way to produce accurate hydrological predictions across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Uncertainty estimations are critical for actionable hydrological forecasting, and while standardized community benchmarks are becoming an increasingly important part of hydrological model development and research, similar tools for benchmarking uncertainty estimation are lacking. This contributions demonstrates that accurate uncertainty predictions can be obtained with Deep Learning. We establish an uncertainty estimation benchmarking procedure and present four Deep Learning baselines. Three baselines are based on Mixture Density Networks and one is based on Monte Carlo dropout. The results indicate that these approaches constitute strong baselines, especially the former ones. Additionaly, we provide a post-hoc model analysis to put forward some qualitative understanding of the resulting models. This analysis extends the notion of performance and show that learn nuanced behaviors in different situations.
Force Frequency effect in square quartz crystals

In this investigation, force-frequency effect in a square AT-Cut quartz resonator is studied. Based on the force-frequency effect, by insertion of diametrical forces, the natural frequency of thickness shear vibration mode in AT-Cut quartz resonators is changed. This criterion is of importance in designing quartz resonators and force sensors. In this paper, the frequency change of a square AT-Cut quartz crystal subjected to a pair of opposing forces on different points of its edge is studied experimentally. Also, the force-frequency effect in the square crystal is modeled by a previously developed mathematical-FEM model. The accuracy of the model is verified by the experimental results. Then, the model is applied for evaluating the force frequency effect in the AT-Cut crystal, and the frequency shifts in different loading configurations are obtained. The new loading configurations are produced by moving the loading points along the edges, and by rotating the edges of the crystal around its thickness axis. Also the distributed loading tests are performed on the crystal. Based on this, the loading configurations with maximum and minimum frequency shifts are obtained. Moreover, the design of quartz crystal force sensors having high sensitivity and also the crystal oscillator with high-frequency stability are discussed.
Short-term C and N dynamics in a soil amended with pig slurry and barley straw: a field experiment

Interactions between animal slurries and crop residues can impact on soil N availability during decomposition. Our objective was to study the short-term decomposition of pig slurry and barley straw incorporated alone or in combination. A field experiment was conducted on a sandy loam unamended (control) or amended with 60 m3 ha–1 pig slurry (PS) or 4 Mg ha–1 barley straw (BS), or both (PSBS). Surface CO2 and N2O fluxes, soil water content and temperature, microbial biomass C, and NO3− and NH4+ contents were monitored during 28 d in the 0- to 20-cm soil layer. Large CO2 fluxes occurred during the first 4 h of the experiment in slurry-amended plots that were attributed to carbonate dissociation when slurry was mixed to the soil. Specific respiration activity (ratio of CO2-C fluxes-to-microbial biomass C) was increased in slurry-amended soils for the first 7 d, likely due to the rapid oxidation of volatile fatty acids present in slurry. After 28 d, 26% more C had been evolved in PSBS than the sum of C releas.
Crystallography (Electron Backscatter Diffraction) and Chemistry (Electron Probe Microanalysis) of the Avian Eggshell

Biomineralized structures are often used as indicators of environmental conditions in which they have grown. This study investigates the distribution of two trace elements, Mg and Na, commonly used in these environmental proxies, in the eggshells of seven different avian species to investigate the behavior of these elements in a mineralized system produced in a constant temperature environment where salinity is also strictly controlled. We used electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) in conjunction with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) to examine the eggshell structure to establish possible relationships between the crystallographic structures and the trace element distribution within each specimen as well as between species. A universal trend between species can be established for crystallographic structure and trace element distribution with some exceptions. Mg and Na vary across the eggshell profile in a carbonate system produced in a constant temperature environment, with links to crystallography r.
Cellulose nanocrystals extracted from okra fibers in PVA nanocomposites

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were extracted from okra bahmia (Abelmoschus Esculentus) bast fibers and inserted in differ- ent tenors (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt %) as the reinforcement of a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix. The extraction of cellulose was carried out in a two-step procedure: the first chemical treatment led to the production of holocellulose by the gradual removal of lignin, while the subsequent sulphuric acid hydrolysis process allowed obtaining cellulose nanocrystals in an aqueous suspension. The disper- sion of CNC in the composite appeared effective at low cellulose content (1 wt %), while it presented more problems for higher con- tents. However, a 5 wt % cellulose content proved ideal to promote a direct mechanical interaction between the PVA and cellulose structures. Thermal analysis demonstrated that the presence of okra did not have a large effect on glass transition temperature, while it sensibly modified the melting temperature of the PVA matrix, as well as the crystallization temperature, due to the nucleating action of the nanofillers. FTIR spectroscopy performed during the exposure to UV light underlined that no oxidative reactions occur after a short-time exposure and that a longer irradiation times are required to produce oxidation on neat matrix and PVA/CNC nanocomposites. The results confirmed that the presence of CNC does not affect the stability of the neat PVA matrix to the photode- gradation after UV irradiation. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 128: 3220-3230, 2013
A Blood Pressure Check and Percutaneous Oxygen Saturation Measurement Improved Patient Safety in Dental Treatment

Objective: Japan is one of the most super-aged societies in the world. Dental treatment is risky for older people, both because they are more likely to have systemic diseases and because dental treatment is stressful. This study investigated how patient safety during dental treatment was affected by promoting the practice of measuring blood pressure and arterial blood oxygen saturation before and after dental treatment. Methods: We promoted the claiming of patient safety management fees from the health care insurance system in Japan that requires dentists to perform a blood pressure check and a percutaneous oxygen saturation measurement before and after dental treatment. We used a 4-step promotion with 355 dentists in a dental hospital over a 32-month period. Data about the number of claims for all types of patient safety management fees was obtained from the electronic dental health record system. Results: The monthly average number of claims for the two types of patient safety management fees significantly increased during the promotion period in all patients and in patients with diseases related to patient safety management fees. Claims for fees for sharing medical information between dentists and medical doctors in the health care insurance system were significantly higher during the promotion period than during the no promotion period. Conclusion: The promotion increased the number of claims for patient safety management fees and improved the patient safety management environment through the exchange of referral documents between dentists and medical doctors and screening for diseases in patients using vital signs.
Comparative Evaluation of Sealing Ability and Marginal Adaptation of Furcation Repair Materials: An in vitro Study

The present study was undertaken for evaluating the sealing ability of furcation repair materials GC Fuji VII, MTA Plus and Biodentine. Diagnosis of iatrogenic perforation requires a combination of symptomatic findings in clinical observations. Perforations can be defined as mechanical or pathological communications between the root canal system and the external tooth surface. Study was conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Himachal Dental College, Sundernagar, Himachal Pradesh, India. Fifty five sound mandibular molars with non fused and well developed roots were used for the study. The specimens were examined using SEM which is maintained approximately 15Kv and 10-6 Torr under high vacuum condition. Specimen imaging were done by secondary electrons using a secondary electron detector. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) pictures, MTA plus shows the minimum marginal gap of 2.17 micrometers, followed by Biodentine 5.55 micrometers and GC FUJI VII 8.00 micrometers. The most important factors determining the success of a perforation repair procedure are the location of the perforation; time elapsed between the occurrence of the perforation and repair, the ability of the material to seal the perforation and the biocompatibility of the repair material. In our study, MTA Plus showed minimum leakage compared to GC FUJI VII and Biodentine. The minimum microleakage as observed in MTA Plus group might be attributed to its superior marginal sealing ability resulting from its hydrophilic properties and formations of an inter facial layer. Biodentine also provides a good seal almost similar to that of MTA Plus when used as a furcation repair material. GC Fuji VII showed significantly more leakage and gap formation than Biodentine and MTA Plus.
Aggression and Depression among Orphanages resident Children

Background: aggression and depression are common problems among children in orphanages. Occur in the form of disobedience, anger, verbal hostility and self blame, and affected on academic achievement, less concentration and cause withdrawal from society. The aim of these study aim was to assess aggression and depression among orphanages' resident children. Sample & setting: A descriptive cross sectional design was selected in carrying out this study on a sample of 97 orphan child residing 5 orphanages; Epnaty, Phagr El Eslam, El Safa. El Amal and Tahsin El Seha Shelters). Tools: the main tools used for data collection were; aggression scale and depression scale. The results of the present study revealed that 29.9% of orphans children had depressive symptoms and 35.1% had aggressive symptoms. Additionally, males had more depressive symptoms than females, while females had aggressive symptoms more prevalent than males. Physical aggression was recorded among 20.0% of orphans children having depression and a total aggression was recorded among 20.6% of orphans children having depression. It can be concluded that females orphans were more aggressive than males and male ones were more depressive than females. Increased aggression and depression among orphans was related to increase time spent in orphanage. The study recommended that health educational programs should be given to caregivers in orphanages and teachers regarding how to deal appropriately with those children.
REMEMBERING OR WRITING? IMPLICATIONS OF SELF-DISTANCING IN THE REFLECTION OF NEGATIVE EVENTS

Although many studies indicate that self-distancing facilitates adaptive self-reflection, it is necessary to examine the variables in the adaptive self-reflection process further to determine whether it will produce the same profile when the self-reflection is done through writing. As such, this study aims to examine a) whether the induction to remember from an actor's perspective and from an observer‘s perspective has the same implications as the induction to write using the first-person pronouns and using own-name in facilitating adaptive self-reflection, and b) whether adaptive self-reflection through writing has the same profile as adaptive self-reflection through remembering (thinking). Two quasi-experimental studies (N=428) conducted in this research found that self-distancing was the only variable that differed significantly when we induced the actor's perspective and the observer's perspective (study 1), but the variables of self-distancing, emotional reactivity, and reconstruing differed significantly when self-reflection was conducted through writing manipulation using the firstperson pronouns and using own-name. It was also found that adaptive selfreflection through writing (study 2) had a stronger correlation in the negative direction between self-distancing and emotional reactivity, recounting, avoidance, and in the positive direction with the variables of reconstruing, memory age, and perceived resolution, which meant that writing about negative experiences better facilitates adaptive self-reflection than just remembering. We also analyzed the intervening variables to see the direct or indirect relationship between key variables.
Quantitative analysis of defect formation in cadmium telluride during high energy electron irradiation

Abstract Single crystlas of cadmium telluride have been irradiated in a high energy electron microscope. During exposure to the electron beam, extended defects which are interstitial type dislocation loops are created. The influence of experimental parameters on the loops characteristics has been investigated. Chemical Reaction Rate Theory has been developed in order to account for the kinetics of loop growth. In this way the elementary processes and their corresponding activation energies have been identified. It has been shown that the migration energy is modified around point defects and that, as a consequence, the interstitial-interstitial agglomeration energy Ei is different from the intersitial-vacancy annihilation energy Ev , = 0.35 eV, Ev = 0.25 eV. The comparison between experimental and theoretical data has shown that small clusters are not stable and the dissociation energy of an atom from a low size aggregate is Ed = 1.1 eV. The effects of surfaces have been considered and two different treatm.
Analysis of an Adversarial Approach to Blind Source Separation

—Here, we analyze the adversarial network proposed in [5], named Anica, to solve the problem of independent component analysis (ICA). Guided by a discriminator of independence, a linear autoencoder can learn to codify the observations into estimates of their independent components. This study establishes the conditions for convergence of Anica and proposes a blind criterion to select the best training epoch. Additionally, having JADE and FastICA as benchmarks, we analyze its performance by varying the number of samples and sources, and the noise variance. The obtained results indicate that Anica has a signiﬁ-cant potential of extension to more general scenarios.
The Perplexing Problem of Resistant Hypertension - Evaluation and Treatment

Hypertension (HT) is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and ranks as a leading cause of disability worldwide. [1] In many patients, it remains poorly controlled and above the goal defined in various guidelines. [2] A smaller percentage of patients suffers from resistant HT, defined as the failure to reduce the systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (BP) below 140 mmHg and 90 mmHg, respectively, despite the use of three or more anti-HT agents in optimal (best tolerated) doses. These must include an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), a calcium channel blocker, and a thiazide/thiazide-type –diuretic. [3,4] As stated in the guidelines, home or ambulatory BP measurements should be used to confirm inadequate BP control and one needs to exclude pseudoresistant HT and secondary HT to establish the diagnosis of resistant HT. [3,4] When using such a strict definition, the overall incidence of true resistant HT is about 10%. [3,4] However, as per the recent American College of Cardiology (ACC)/ Heart Association (AHA) guidelines published in 2017, Stage 1 HT is defined as a systolic BP between 130 and 139 mmHg and/or a diastolic BP between 80 and 89 mmHg. [5] As the AHA statement defines resistant HT as failure to achieve target BP, if one was to follow these guidelines rather the than the ESC-ESH guidelines, prevalence of resistant HT would be Abstract
Household expenditures in Brazil: A non-parametric analysis using panel data

Food expenditures, mainly in low-income families, have a substantial weight in the household budget, deserving special attention. The estimation of the Engel curves, relating the share of food in total household expenditure to income levels, is relevant for public policy design, both for poverty reduction (e.g. cash-transfer programs) and to agribusiness decisions, (e.g. definition of retail prices of food). In this paper we apply parametric and non-parametric methods to pseudo-panel data from four Brazilian household expenditure surveys, for six product groups (food, housing, transportation, education, health and clothing). The use of panel data allows to control for unobserved characteristics. In addition, nonparametric methods allow to verify if the function is adequately specified according to the nature of the data and its functional form. We estimate alternative models, including fixed effects and non-parametric panel data estimators. The results for the mean values of non-parametric estimates are not different compared to fully parametric estimations. However, in different percentiles, the non-parametric estimates of household expenditures and household components, the independent variables, produced different impacts on the share spent by households on each consumption group. We also concluded that non-parametric methods with controls for the unobserved characteristics of household heads in panel data produced similar results to those of non-parametric methods that follow a cross-sectional data structure. For the fully parametric models, very similar coefficients of the independent variables were also found between cross-sectional (pooled) and panel data (fixed effects) for six consumption goods analyzed.
Review on Important Extrinsic Determinants on Turnover Intention

This study identifies possible extrinsic sources that generate dissonance and finds important decision variables that may improve information systems (IS) professionals' level of satisfaction. A logit model presents four important factors that produced significant impacts on the formulation of turnover intention: the level of satisfaction, the level of fitness, amount of managerial input (freedom, job variety), and amount of nonmonetary output (career progress opportunities, chance to learn). Both job satisfaction and level of fitness are considered as intermediate variables that link input variables to turnover intention.