Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of grapevine seeds, grape and rosehip pressing

Normal 0 false false false CS JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Calibri; mso-ansi-language:CS; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} In our experiment, we studied the antimicrobial and antioxidative effect of phytogenic additives. Three additives (grapevine seeds, grape and rosehip pressings) were selected to be monitored. The extracts about concentrations of 1:3 and 1:5 were prepared from them. The monitoring of antimicrobial properties was focused on the pathogenic bacteria Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli causing a serious disease in avian species. The bacteria were prepared in the dilutions of 10 2 , 10 4 and 10 6 . The antimicrobial effect was observed in the inhibition zones. The antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH method within the antioxidant analysis. Furthermore, the content of flavanols, hydroxycinnamic acids and the total content of polyphenolic compounds was also determined. In the monitoring of the antimicrobial effect of grapevine seeds, grape and rosehip pressings at E. coli , a reduced growth of KTJ (colony forming units) was observed in the disk area during the dilution of 10 6 and 10 4 . Reduced growth of C. perfringens at a dilution of 10 6 was noticed using the extracts of grapevine seeds and grape pressings. Low reduced growth of C. perfringens at a dilution of 10 6 was found out using rosehip pressings. In a dilution of 10 2 and 10 4 in C. perfringens and 10 2 in E. Coli, a very low increase of KTJ was observed therefore the zones of inhibition were not possible to measure. In all monitored additives, the antimicrobial effect was proved. The additives reduced the growth of pathogenic E. coli and C. perfringens. Within the antioxidant analysis, the highest antioxidant activity was found out in grapevine seeds (7.021 g.L -1 GAE), which also contained the highest content of flavanols (3000 times higher than the rosehip pressings and 300 times higher than grapevine seeds pressings ) , hydroxycinnamic acids (1000 times higher than in grape pressings and 7600 times higher than in rosehip pressings) and the total content of polyphenolic compounds (580 times higher than grape pressings and 2000 times higher than the rosehip pressings) of the monitored additives.
Flavouring Group Evaluation 33 (FGE.33)[1] - Six Tetrahydrofuran Derivatives from Chemical Groups 13, 14, 16 and 26 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food

The Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (the Panel) is asked to advise the Commission on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States. In particular, the Panel is asked to evaluate six flavouring substances in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 33 (FGE.33), using the Procedure as referred to in the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. These six flavouring substances belong to chemical groups 13, 14, 16 and 26, Annex I of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000.
Time-Resolved XAS Investigation of the Local Environment and Evolution of Oxidation States of a Fischer–Tropsch Ru–Cs/C Catalyst

Here we present a time-resolved in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation of the local chemical environment and the electronic structure of the active metal (Ru) and the promoter (Cs) present in catalysts supported over high-surface-area graphite. These catalysts were submitted to a reduction treatment under hydrogen gas and then to alternate atmospheres of Fischer–Tropsch reactants, CO/He, and H2/He atmospheres, respectively. This study reveals that Ru reduction is a complex process taking place through a two-step mechanism via an intermediate oxidation state and occurs in parallel to the Cs partial reduction. It also demonstrates a close association between Cs and Ru atoms as first neighbors. The evidence that the Ru–Cs particle morphology reverses (from flat 2D to a 3D shape with low coordination numbers) when the H2 atmosphere is changed with CO proves the strong interaction of CO with the surface of the Ru–Cs nanoparticles, a point confirmed by microcalorimetry of CO adsorption. To our know.
Synthesis of Nanosized Lu_2O_3 Powders with Different Morphologies by Solvothermal Method

The precursors of Lu2O3 with different morphologies were synthesized through solvothermal method,using water,acetone,ethanol and glycol as solvent,respectively.Then Lu2O3 powders were obtained by calcining the precursors at 400-800 ℃ for 2 h.It was found that the physical properties of the solvent had an important effect on the morphology of the final products.When the solvent was water or acetone,the final Lu2O3 powders exhibit nanorod form with a higher aspect ratio;whereas the solvent was ethanol or glycol,the final Lu2O3 powders were equiaxed nano-grains.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using the Leaf Extracts and Their Microbial Activity

Development of green nano technology is generating interest of researchers toward ecofriendly biosynthesis of nano particles. In the present study, we report the bio synthesis of aqueous stable silver nanoparticles by using argemone mexicana (darudi) and ocimum tenuiflorum (tulsi) leaf extract as both reducing and capping agents. The plant extract capped silver nanoparticles (AgNps) were found to be highly stable over a long period of time. AgNps were characterized by UV/Vis-spectroscopy, particle size analyzer (PSA), transmission electron mictroscopy (TEM) and electron diffraction (EDX). Further, the AgNps showed high antimicrobial and bactericidal activity against bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa found highly strain.
Expatriate Adjustment and Engagement with Host Country Gastronomy: Investigating The Role of Identity Projects

Research on expatriate consumer behavior suggests that expatriates can be attracted to host country gastronomy, but sometimes they also suppress themselves from engaging with it. To shed light on these inconsistencies, this study draws on cross-cultural adjustment literature and social identity theory to explore under what circumstances expatriates increase their tendency to visit restaurants offering host country cuisine. To test the proposed model, a survey was conducted among 289 expatriates living in the six countries of the Greater Middle East. The data were analyzed by means of confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression. The findings show that general adjustment is a positive predictor of more frequent visits to local restaurants. However, the findings also indicate that this relationship is conditioned by an expatriate’s identity projects which are associated with cultural integration, cosmopolitanism, and international experience. Overall, novel extensions to the literature that investigates an expatriate’s engagement with a host country’s food and gastronomy is provided.
Transport of ammonium and nitrate in saturated porous media incorporating physiobiotransformations and bioclogging

ABSTRACT The vertical transport of nitrates from fertilizer application and wastewater irrigation through the subsurface and saturated zone is of major concern to assess the vulnerability of groundwater contamination. The present study addresses the transport of nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium and nitrate in the presence of organic carbon (acetate) in a one-dimensional soil column under saturated conditions, considering the effect of adsorption and biotransformation. The soil had a neutral pH range and was classified as loamy sand, with a 0.89% organic carbon content. Batch studies revealed that sorption occurred in the order of ammonium > acetate > nitrate following a Freundlich isotherm model. Mixed heterotrophic native soil bacteria for aerobic nitrification and anoxic denitrification were developed, and the growth kinetic parameters were simulated using a Haldane inhibition model for nitrification and a Monod inhibition model for denitrification. Results from biotransformation studies suggested that denitrification was the predominant process, with significant bacterial growth and clogging of pores occurring monotonously reaching a stationary phase by 12 days. Pore-clogging phenomenon not only reduces the permeability of the soil by 5 orders of magnitude but also increases the contact time of the contaminant with the soil microbe and thereby delays the transport process and decreases the effluent ammonium and nitrate concentrations. A tailing breakthrough in a leaching study illustrates that water flux variation (0.153 and 0.509 cm/min) did not influence the transport of solutes, rather irreversible chemical bonding retains more ammonium than nitrate in the soil matrix.
Non-Modernization: Power-Culture Trajectories and the Dynamics of Political Institutions

Modernization theory is a cornerstone of much of political science, despite the mounting evidence against its predictions. We outline a theory in which the distribution of political power critically combines with political culture. We call the basic components of culture “attributes” and argue that these can be combined into larger cultural configurations. These configurations interact with the distribution of power and lead to three distinct self-reinforcing paths of political development, with very different state–society relations, institutions, and economic structures. These are paths to Despotic, Absent, and Shackled Leviathans. The role of cultural configurations is critical in legitimizing the social arrangements in each path. None of the three different paths we highlight support modernization theory. We discuss how political equilibria can change in ways critically dependent on cultural and political entrepreneurship in order to formulate and popularize new cultural configurations and institutionalize political changes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Political Science, Volume 25 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Atomic Layer Deposition and in Situ Characterization of Ultraclean Lithium Oxide and Lithium Hydroxide

We demonstrate the ultraclean atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Li2O and LiOH using lithium tert-butoxide (LiOtBu) precursor with H2O and plasma O2 as oxidants, along with conversion of Li2O and LiOH products to Li2CO3 upon CO2 dosing. Using LiOtBu and H2O results in LiOH below 240 °C and Li2O above 240 °C for otherwise identical process parameters. Substituting plasma O2 as the oxidation precursor results in a combination of Li2CO3 and Li2O products, indicating modification of the ALD reaction preventing volatilization of the C from the Li precursor. The chemistry of the films is definitively characterized for the first time with XPS utilizing an all-UHV transfer procedure from the ALD reactor. We use in situ UHV gas dosing to investigate the reaction mechanisms of ALD Li2O and LiOH with H2O and CO2 to simulate reactions upon air exposure. Lastly, we employ in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry to determine the reaction kinetics of thermal LiOH decomposition, and we report an activation energy of 112.7 ± 0.6.
Washability of E-Textiles: Failure Modes and Influences on Washing Reliability

E-textiles, hybrid products that incorporate electronic functionality into textiles, often need to withstand washing procedures to ensure textile typical usability. Yet, the washability—which is essential for many e-textile applications like medical or sports due to hygiene requirements—is often still insufficient. The influence factors for washing damage in textile integrated electronics as well as common weak points are not extensively researched, which makes a targeted approach to improve washability in e-textiles difficult. As a step towards reliably washable e-textiles, this review bundles existing information and findings on the topic: a summary of common failure modes in e-textiles brought about by washing as well as influencing parameters that affect the washability of e-textiles. The findings of this paper can be utilized in the development of e-textile systems with an improved washability.
Characterization and Distribution of Soils at Lambir Hills National Park in Sarawak, Malaysia, with Special Reference to Soil Hardness and Soil Texture

For the rehabilitation of the degraded and abandoned land in the tropical area, it needs to define the various characteristics of remaining natural forests. This work was done to find out a physical hazard for root elongation of plant at Lambir Hills National Park, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia, with special reference to soil hardness and soil texture. Furthermore, soil moisture and soil temperature were monitored at the hill ridge and at the valley to show their annual fluctuation. Soil physico-chemical properties at the hill ridge and the valley were also investigated. At the hill ridge, well-developed soils with a deep solum were found. Organic matter content was high only at the surface horizon (0-5 cm) where a root mat develops. Although soil moisture content fluctuated significantly, the soil was dry throughout the monitoring period. On the other hand, at the valley, soil moisture content was relatively stable even after the frequent rainfall. The small particles and nutrients at the valley have been brought by the continuous water and eroded particles supply from surroundings. Based on the topographical investigation, the study area was roughly divided into 3 categories: 1) Steep slope area : Soil and vegetation status may be often affected and modified by the land slide or soil erosion. Soil texture was sandy loam, loamy sand, or loam. Gravelly materials often appeared in the subsurface layer at the depth of 20-40 cm, which are hard for root to penetrate into. This layer can be regarded as the one with physical hazard against root penetration. 2) Gentle slope area : Soil and vegetation status are relatively stable for a long time. Soil texture was light clay or heavy clay. Transported clayey materials were accumulated to a depth below 20 cm, and/or the in-situ weathering in the deeper part could have occurred because of the relatively stable topography. 3) Ridge area : Although soil and vegetation status looks stable in view of topography, moisture condition much fluctuated. Soil texture was clay loam or sandy clay loam, which was the middle range between that of a steep slope area and a gentle slope area. The physical hazard in the soil might not be found, but the rates of root elongation and plant growth may be slow since the soil is prone to be dry.
A Comparison of Virulence of Three Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Genotypes (a, b, and d) in Pigs Singularly Inoculated with PCV2 and Dually Inoculated with PCV2 and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

The aim of this study was to compare the virulence of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) genotypes in dually inoculated pigs with both three genotypes (a, b, and d) of PCV2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-2 (PRRSV-2) versus pigs singularly inoculated with the same three PCV2 genotypes (a, b, and d). Differences in this comparison were found in PCV2 viremia levels, lung and lymphoid lesion severity, and the amount of PCV2 antigen within the lymphoid lesions. Regardless of PCV2 genotypes, pigs that were dually inoculated with PCV2/PRRSV had significantly higher clinical scores, less average daily weight gain, higher levels of PCV2 viremia, and more severe lug and lymphoid lesions compared to pigs singularly inoculated with PCV2. Among the dually infected pig groups, pigs infected with PCV2d/PRRSV-2 had significantly higher levels of PCV2 viremia, more severe lung and lymphoid lesions, and more PCV2-positive cells within lymphoid lesions compared to pigs dually inoculated with PCV2a/PRRSV-2 and PCV2b/PRRSV-2. The results of this study demonstrated significant differences in the virulence among dual inoculation of PCV2a/PRRSV-2, PCV2b/PRRSV-2, and PCV2d/PRRSV-2. A significant difference in the virulence among PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d single-inoculated pig groups was not found with respect to the levels of PCV2 viremia and production of PCV2-associated lymphoid lesions.
High pressure visualisation of liquid oxygen and cryogenic hydrogen combustion under an imposed acoustic field

Experimental investigations into combustion instability were undertaken using a rectangular subscale combustion chamber. High speed optical diagnostics were used to observe flame-acoustic interactions. A sector wheel was used to produce an acoustic field with time varying amplitude. The acoustic field under investigation is the first transverse mode with a velocity anti node located in the central combustion zone under observation by high speed optical diagnostics. Increased combustion product emission was observed near to the face plate for periods of high amplitude excitation. Combustion zones with high emission were convected downstream as excitation amplitudes decreased. During phases of increasing amplitude an increase in emission intensity at the mixing border between dense oxygen and cryogenic hydrogen was observed. This provides visual confirmation of increased mixing efficiency due to high amplitude transverse velocities in the vicinity of the injection plane.
Using Slit-Lamp Images for Deep Learning-Based Identification of Bacterial and Fungal Keratitis: Model Development and Validation with Different Convolutional Neural Networks

In this study, we aimed to develop a deep learning model for identifying bacterial keratitis (BK) and fungal keratitis (FK) by using slit-lamp images. We retrospectively collected slit-lamp images of patients with culture-proven microbial keratitis between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019 from two medical centers in Taiwan. We constructed a deep learning algorithm consisting of a segmentation model for cropping cornea images and a classification model that applies different convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to differentiate between FK and BK. The CNNs included DenseNet121, DenseNet161, DenseNet169, DenseNet201, EfficientNetB3, InceptionV3, ResNet101, and ResNet50. The model performance was evaluated and presented as the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curves. A gradient-weighted class activation mapping technique was used to plot the heat map of the model. By using 1330 images from 580 patients, the deep learning algorithm achieved the highest average accuracy of 80.0%. Using different CNNs, the diagnostic accuracy for BK ranged from 79.6% to 95.9%, and that for FK ranged from 26.3% to 65.8%. The CNN of DenseNet161 showed the best model performance, with an AUC of 0.85 for both BK and FK. The heat maps revealed that the model was able to identify the corneal infiltrations. The model showed a better diagnostic accuracy than the previously reported diagnostic performance of both general ophthalmologists and corneal specialists.
Removal of Tannin from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption onto Treated Coal Fly Ash: Kinetic, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Studies

The study investigated the performance of tannin adsorption on treated coal fly ash. The adsorption capacity of coal fly ash could be enhanced through appropriate pretreatment by acid. There was an apparent increase of tannin adsorption when fly ash dosage changed from 0 to 20 g/L. The adsorption isotherm data fitted to Freundlich and Langmuir models. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption processes presented a two-stage pattern, a rapid adsorption process followed by a slow adsorption process. The adsorbed amount of tannin was higher at 20 °C than other temperature levels. The thermodynamic studies indicated the adsorption of tannin onto fly ash was exothermic in nature and the entropy of the system decreased during adsorption process. The removal efficiency of tannin adsorption onto fly ash decreased when NaCl concentration ranged from 0 to 0.4 mol/L.
STATUS UNSUR-UNSUR BASA (Ca2+ , Mg2+, K+, and Na+) DI LAHAN KERING MADURA

Objective of this research was to examine the content of base cations (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , and Na + ) in soil of dry land in Madura. The methode applied was survei research in four regencys. At every location 8 to 9 composite soil samples from 0 to 20 cm depth were taken. These samples were then air dried and sieved to pass 2mm diameter for analysis of the cation content by means of flamefotometer for K + , and Na + and tetration method for Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ . Data were then analyzed based on the standart content of cations in soil from Pusat Penelitian Tanah (1993). Result showed that base saturation was high to very high class meaning the soil was rich in base cations, however the Ca/Mg/K ration was not ideal. Exchangeable Ca was low to very high; exchangeble Mg was low to high. While exchangable monovalent cations were evry low to low. The low exchangable K was diadvantage as this cation was needed by plant in great number. Therefore, the main consideration in plant production was to keep the K concentration at certain level that was high enough to fullfill the plant need through fertilizer input. While low exchangable Na was advantages as this cation could create problem to disturb the physiology process in the plant and to reduce soil agregation when its concentration in soil was high.
Universal scaling of dielectric response of various liquid crystals and glass-forming liquids

Abstract We present a new generalized scaling relationship accounting both for the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity data. The generalized scaling procedure has been successfully used for various relaxation processes in liquid crystals (4-bromobenzylidene-4′-pentyloxyaniline, 4-bromobenzylidene-4′-hexyloxyaniline, 4′-butyl-4-(2-methylbutoxy)-azoxybenzene, 4-ethyl-4′-octylazoxybenzene), and in glass-forming liquids (glycerol, propylene carbonate, salol, cresolphthalein-dimethylether). As it is shown, one obtains common master-curve for liquid-like phases (isotropic liquid, cholesteric, nematic, smectic A), solid-like phases (smectic B, conformationally disorder crystal) and supercooled liquid phase.