Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Land Tenure Policy on the Environment in the Gambella Region

An attempt is made to investigate the consequences of land tenure policy on the environment enhancing reforestation as a means of ascertaining tenure security in the Gambella region. This paper sheds light on the acc elerated pace of deforestation in the study area and its impact on the environment. The theoretical and conceptual issues of the interrelation between reforestation, deforestation, land tenure system, and other socio-economic indicators have been given due attention in the literature review. Research methodology gives much focus on qualitative data analysis that uses ranges of data collection approaches; FGD, KII, semi-structured household interviews with the inclusion of secondary data reviews. The paper considers the effect of land tenure system on the environment and discusses the landholding system in the study area, including customary land rights among the Nuer, the Anywaa, and the Majangir. To this effect, external factors and urban expansions are addressed with the view to understanding the impact of socio-cultural practice on physical environment perception and management. A conclusion and policy implications are also discussed.
How Has the Adoption of Business Intelligence Impacted Performance of Higher Education Institutions: Empirical Evidence from Malaysia

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are lagging behind in the adoption of Business Intelligence (BI). Although the level of Business Intelligence (BI) adoption is high in large organizations, the level of BI adoption in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) is still low. There were limited studies that look at the impact of BI adoption in developing countries. This study examines how BI adoption impacts the performance of HEIs in Malaysia. This study applies resource-based theory to explore the relationship between BI adoption and performance. Data was collected through a web-form survey of 162 HEIs in Malaysia listed in the Malaysia Qualification Agency (MQA). Partial least square (PLS) structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data. The results showed that there is a significant impact on the performance of HEIs depending on their level of BI adoption. These research finding will hopefully help to encourage BI adoption among HEIs in Malaysia.
Effects of premature mandarin powder on the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of scone

The effects of premature mandarin powder (PMP) on the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of scone were investigated. Scones were prepared by adding different concentrations (0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 5%) of PMP. As the content of PMP increased, density of dough slightly increased, while pH of dough decreased. The volume of scone increased with the amount of sample increased, but the group containing 5% PMP decreased. The moisture content and Hunter L value of scone were significantly decreased with increasing levels of PMP. On the other hand, sugar content and Hunter a value of scone were significantly increased with increasing levels of PMP. The Hunter b value of scone was shown to increase with increasing content of PMP while the group containing 5% PMP decreased. The texture analysis revealed that the hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of scone were decreased with the addition of PMP. The springiness showed no significant differences between control and PMP scones. Total polyphenolics, flavonoid content, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, and reducing powder of scones significantly increased with PMP content. These results indicate that the addition of PMP to scone can improve its quality and antioxidant activities.
Democracy and Federalism in Pakistan: An Analysis of PPP Government (2008-2013)

Pakistan adopted a federal democratic system with a parliamentary type of governance. However, the political history of Pakistan reflects a deviation from parliamentary democracy and the least concern towards the institutionalization of its political system. The centralization of power, authoritarianism, the power thirst of political parties and the imbalance of civil-military relations always affected the democratic course of Pakistan. As a result of the 2008 elections, a power transition occurred from the military to the civilians. Pakistan People Party, after assuming power, restored the 1973 constitution to its original shape under the landmark 18th constitutional amendment. It reinforced parliamentary democracy and revisited federalism with complete autonomy for provinces abolishing the concurrent list. Steps were taken to ensure the independence of the judiciary and transparency of the election commission of Pakistan. This paper analyses the political and constitutional development during the PPP led government (2008-2013) and its role in establishing a viable federal democratic system based on participatory governance.
Submission to the will of God: Religion/Spirituality as a Cultural Resource of Indonesian Women Living with Cardiovascular Disease

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one killer of women. Suffering from illness causes a significant challenge for women’s day-to-day lives. Understanding the women’s experiences and descriptions of managing their illness, strategies are essential for minimizing CVDs negative consequences. AIM: This study aims to investigate cultural adjustment to CVD among women in Indonesia. METHODS: This study employed a qualitative research design with in-depth interviews. Twenty-six women who had an experience of the cardiac event participated in this study. A qualitative framework analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Five themes were identified from data analysis. These themes were (1) making meaning of the situation, (2) feeling grateful amidst suffering, (3) submission to the will of God, (4) accepting fate, and (5) getting closer to God. CONCLUSION: Spiritual and religious beliefs played an enormous role in the participants’ illness experience, irrespective of their religions. Nurses should incorporate a religious and spiritual approach to facilitate patients’ coping behaviors when providing care for the Indonesian population.
Modelling ultrafast exciton transfer in fluorene-based organic semiconductors

We present a theoretical study of exciton dynamics in solutions and films of fluorene-based molecules, complemented by experimental work carried out by our colleagues at the University of St Andrews. We start by introducing the importance and relevance of such a study, and the methods we use to model ultra-fast (picoand sub-picosecond) exciton photo-physics in these systems. We then demonstrate that exciton transfer in solution of some branched star-shaped oligofluorene-based molecules arises from molecular geometry relaxation, and, at a slower time-scale, from Förster hopping between the arms. Straight oligofluorenes do not exhibit ultra-fast exciton transfer in solution. Finally, we introduce improvements to the standard line-dipole theory which we use to build a microscopic model for ultra-fast exciton dynamics in polyfluorene films. Our results show very good agreement with experiments and enable us to gain fundamental insight into the exciton transfer processes in these materials.
The Prefrontal-Hippocampal Comparator: Volition and Episodic Memory

This review describes recent research that is relevant to the prefrontal-hippocampal comparator model with the following conclusions: 1. Hippocampal area CA1 serves, at least in part, as an associative match-mismatch comparator. 2. Voluntary movement strengthens episodic memories for goal-directed behavior. 3. Hippocampal theta power serves as a prediction error signal during hippocampal dependent tasks. 4. The self-referential component of episodic memory in humans is mediated by the corollary discharge (the efference copy of the action plan developed by prefrontal cortex and transmitted to hippocampus where it is stored as a working memory; CA1 uses this efference copy to compare the expected consequences of action to the actual consequences of action). 5. Impairments in the production or transmission of this corollary discharge may contribute to some of the symptoms of schizophrenia. Unresolved issues and suggestions for future research are discussed.
New data on hemihedrite from Arizona

Abstract Hemihedrite from the Florence Lead-Silver mine in Pinal County, Arizona, USAwas first described and assigned the ideal chemical formula Pb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2F2, based upon a variety of chemical and crystalstructure analyses. The primary methods used to determine the fluorine content for hemihedrite were colorimetry, which resulted in values of F that were too high and inconsistent with the structural data, and infrared (IR) spectroscopic analysis that failed to detect OH or H2O. Our reinvestigation using electron microprobe analysis of the type material, and additional samples from the type locality, the Rat Tail claim, Arizona, and Nevada, reveals the absence of fluorine, while the presence of OH is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. These findings suggest that the colorimetric determination of fluorine in the original description of hemihedrite probably misidentified F due to the interferences from PO4 and SO4, both found in our chemical analyses. As a consequence of these results, the study presented here proposes a redefinition of the chemical composition of hemihedrite to the ideal chemical formula Pb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2. Hemihedrite is isotypic with iranite with substitution of Zn for Cu, and raygrantite with substitution of Cr for S. Structural data from a sample fromthe Rat Tail claim, Arizona, indicate that hemihedrite is triclinic in space group P1, a = 9.4891(7), b = 11.4242(8), c = 10.8155(7) Å, α = 120.368(2)°, β = 92.017(3)°, γ = 55.857(2)°, V = 784.88(9) Å3, Z = 1, consistent with previous investigations. The structure was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to R1 = 0.022 for 5705 unique observed reflections, and the ideal chemical formula Pb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2 was assumed during the refinement. Electron microprobe analyses of this sample yielded the empirical chemical formula Pb10.05(Zn0.91Mg0.02)Σ = 0.93(Cr5.98S0.01P0.01)Σ = 6.00 Si1.97O34H2. 16 based on 34 O atoms and six (Cr + S + P) per unit cell.
TAPPING BOX APPLICATION, QUALITY SERVICE, TAX KNOWLEDGE, TAX PAYER’S OBEDIENCE WITH TAX PENALTY AS MODERATING VARIABLE

This Research aims to test the impact of tapping box application, service quality, and tax knowledge on the obedience of Hotel and Restaurant tax payer with tax penalty as moderating variable at Badan Pendapatan Daerah in Denpasar. This research conducted on all Hotels and Restaurants that have tapping box application in Denpasar (141 units). Data was collected using survey method and only 100 questioners used in this research. Data was tested using moderated regression analysis. The result showed that the application of tapping box, service quality, and tax knowledge have positive impact on the obedience of Hotel and Restaurant Tax payer. Tax penalty stronger the impact of the application of tapping box, service quality, and tax knowledge on the obedience of Hotel and Restaurant Tax payer. This research give contribution about the importance of tapping box application, provided good services, knowledge about local tax, and tax penalty that could improve obedience of tax payer.
Serum magnesium levels in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2

Early studies have reported various electrolyte abnormalities at admission in patients with severe COVID-19. 104 out of 193 patients admitted to our institution presented with hypermagnesemia at presentation. It is believed this may be important in the evaluation of severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. This study evaluated the outcomes of hypermagnesemia in patients with COVID-19. A retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was conducted. A review of the medical literature regarding hypermagnesemia, magnesium levels in critical care illness and electrolyte abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 was performed. Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with hypermagnesemia and normomagnesemia were evaluated using descriptive statistics. Other known variables of disease severity were analyzed. 104 patients (54%) were identified with hypermagnesemia (≥2.5 mg/dL). 48 of those patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (46%, p<0.001). 34 patients required ventilator support (32%, p<0.0001). With age-adjusted logistic regression analysis hypermagnesemia was associated with mortality (p=0.007). This study demonstrates that hypermagnesemia is a significant marker of disease severity and adverse outcome in SARS-CoV-2 infections. We recommend serum magnesium be added to the panel of tests routinely ordered in evaluation of severe SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Does More Entrepreneurship Benefit Society? The Effect on Community Crime Using a Quasi-Natural Experiment

Previous research has focused on the economic effects of entrepreneurship, but little is known about how promoting entrepreneurship affects societies. Focusing on community crime as a key societal outcome, we posit that initiatives fostering new venture creation through lower barriers to entrepreneurship will reduce crime. The proposed mechanism responsible for this effect is the enhanced socio-economic integration of disadvantaged groups within the community. This mechanism is enabled through multiple channels: lowering the barriers to entrepreneurship improves labor market opportunities for disadvantaged groups as founders of their own firms and joiners of new startups, or, more indirectly, as new hires at incumbent firms. Leveraging employer-employee matched data from Portugal between 2002 and 2010 and an exogenous deregulation reform that significantly increased entrepreneurial activity, we find strong support for our theory. Reducing barriers to entrepreneurship reduces within-community crime, and this result is further amplified in communities with higher socio-economic exclusion figures. We find significant reductions in different types of crime, although the magnitude, timing, and persistence of the effects varies, which gives important insights into the different integration mechanisms at play.
Impact of the melt-albedo feedback on the future evolution of the Greenland Ice Sheet with PISM-dEBM-simple

Abstract. Surface melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet contributes a large amount to current and future sea-level rise. Increased surface melt, algae growth, debris, and dust deposition lower the reflectivity of the ice surface and thereby increase melt rates: the so-called melt-albedo feedback describes this potentially self-sustaining increase in surface melting. Here we present a simplified version of the diurnal Energy Balance Model (dEBM-simple) which is implemented as a surface melt module in the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). dEBM-simple is a modification of diurnal Energy Balance Model (dEBM), a surface melt scheme of intermediate complexity useful for simulations over centennial to multi-millennial timescales. dEBM-simple is computationally efficient, suitable for standalone ice-sheet modeling and includes a simple representation of the melt-albedo feedback. Using dEBM-simple and PISM, we find that this feedback increases ice loss until 2300 through surface warming by 60 % for the high-emission scenario RCP8.5. With an increase of 90 %, the effect is more pronounced for lower surface warming under RCP2.6. Furthermore, assuming an immediate darkening of the ice surface over all summer months, we estimate an upper bound for this effect to be +70 % in the RCP8.5 scenario and a more than fourfold increase under RCP2.6. With dEBM-simple implemented in PISM, we find that the melt-albedo feedback is an essential contributor to mass loss in dynamic simulations of the Greenland Ice Sheet under future warming.
Dowry Demand and other Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence Against Adolescent Girls: A Cross-sectional Study in India

Background: Violence against women is considered a fundamental violation of women’s human rights. According to the World Health Organization, worldwide one-third of women experience some form of intimate partner violence. The present study aims to examine the association of dowry demand and other associated risk factors with physical, sexual, or emotional violence against married adolescent girls in two major states of India by using large representative data.Methods: Understanding the lives of adolescents and young adults (UDAYA) project survey data was used for this study. The effective sample size for the study was 4893 married adolescent girls. Descriptive statistics along with bivariate analysis was performed to examine the preliminary results. For analyzing the association binary logistic regression method was used.Results: The prevalence of emotional, physical, and sexual violence was 28.6%, 22.9%, and 26.1% among married adolescent girls respectively. About 44% of married adolescent girls experienced any type of violence (emotional/physical/sexual). The prevalence of violence was significantly higher among girls who reported that dowry was demanded by their husbands (emotional-54%, physical-42.1%, sexual-39.6%, and any violence-68.4%). Results show that the likelihood of any violence was 3.66 times more likely among adolescent girls who reported that dowry was demanded by their husbands than their counterparts [OR: 3.66; CI: 3.06-4.37]. Other risk factors for intimate partner violence among adolescents included justifying wife-beating, low decision-making power, having a paid job, and longer marital duration.Conclusion: The results presented in this study suggest that policies that ensure equal inheritance and property rights for women and programs that help adolescent girls retain equal power and say in their family may be necessary to reduce their vulnerability to domestic violence.
Global boundedness for a chemotaxis-competition system with signal dependent sensitivity and loop

In this work, the fully parabolic chemotaxis-competition system with loop \begin{document}$ \begin{eqnarray*} \left\{ \begin{array}{llll} &\partial_{t} u_{1} = d_1\Delta u_{1}-\nabla\cdot(u_{1}\chi_{11}(v_{1})\nabla v_{1}) \\& \qquad -\nabla\cdot(u_{1}\chi_{12}(v_{2})\nabla v_{2}) +\mu_{1}u_{1}(1-u_{1}-a_{1}u_{2}),\\ &\partial_{t} u_{2} = d_2\Delta u_{2}-\nabla\cdot(u_{2}\chi_{21}(v_{1})\nabla v_{1}) \\& \qquad -\nabla\cdot(u_{2}\chi_{22}(v_{2})\nabla v_{2}) +\mu_{2}u_{2}(1-u_{2}-a_{2}u_{1}), \\ &\partial_t v_1 = d_3\Delta v_{1}-\lambda_{1} v_{1}+h_1(u_{1}, u_{2}), \\ &\partial_t v_2 = d_4\Delta v_{2}-\lambda_{2} v_{2}+h_2(u_{1}, u_{2}) \\ \end{array} \right. \end{eqnarray*} $\end{document} is considered under the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition, where \begin{document}$ x\in\Omega, t>0 $\end{document} , \begin{document}$ \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^{n} (n\leq 3) $\end{document} is a bounded domain with smooth boundary. For any regular nonnegative initial data, it is proved that if the parameters \begin{document}$ \mu_1, \mu_2 $\end{document} are sufficiently large, then the system possesses a unique and global classical solution for \begin{document}$ n\leq 3 $\end{document} . Specifically, when \begin{document}$ n = 2 $\end{document} , the global boundedness can be attained without any constraints on \begin{document}$ \mu_1, \mu_2 $\end{document} .
A review on antecedents of citizen's trust in government social media services

In recent years, social media has been accepted as a practice of e-government services across the world. Unlike static government websites, social media is an interactive communication platform that helps government organizations to improve their relationship with citizens through participation and engagement. However potential values of social media cannot be displayed without addressing citizen’s acceptance and their trust to participate in government social media services. Majority of previous studies on the relationship of trust between government and public are conducted on static government websites using general technological characteristics. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the relevant articles to explore multiple antecedents or factors of citizen’s trust with a major consideration in using social media as a technology platform for e-government services. A model is proposed that identifies individual characteristics, government factors, risk factors and social media characteristics as multiple antecedents of citizen’s trust in government social media services.
WIDE GENETIC VARIABILITY WITHIN AND AMONG FAMILIES IN A GERMPLASM COLLECTION OF Jatropha curcas L. AS REVEALED BY MICROSATELLITE MARKERS

J. curcas is a species with wide potential for biofuel production. However, there are few breeding programs and little information on its genetic structure. Studies indicate that the species has narrow genetic variability. We quantify genetic variability, and decomposing it within and among 28 families of a genebank by means of microsatellite markers. Thirty-nine pairs of primers were tested, of which six were polymorphic for a total of 18 alleles, with a mean of three alleles/locus. These six markers allowed genetic variability to be estimated within and among the families through estimates of PIC (0.36), expected (He=0.44) and observed (Ho=0.48) heterozygosity, inbreeding coefficient (f=-0.03), Shannon-Wiener index (H’=0.71), and the formation of 11 clusters. Bayesian analysis classified the families in four groups. The present study was the first to portray the formation of four groups and detect high genetic variability using only accessions from outside the main center of diversity of the species. Analysis of molecular variance showed that most of the variability (92.4%) is contained within families. There was low differentiation among the families (FST=0.07). Collection of genotypes within families should be prioritized because they are where greater variability is concentrated. This strategy was used in setting up the present genebank, which prioritized the collection of more plants per family, efficiently bringing together greater variability. For the first time, the diversity statistics revealed high genetic variability to be exploited in this collection, on the contrary to most studies with J. curcas that have claimed low genetic diversity in the species.
Vaccination policy reactance: Predictors, consequences, and countermeasures

Ending the COVID-19 pandemic will require rapid large-scale uptake of vaccines against the disease. Mandating vaccination is discussed as a suitable strategy to increase uptake. In a series of cross-sectional quota-representative surveys and two preregistered experiments conducted in Germany and the US (total N = 4629), we investigated (i) correlates of individual preferences for mandatory (vs voluntary) COVID-19 vaccination policies; (ii) potential detrimental effects of mandatory policies; and (iii) interventions potentially counteracting them. Results indicate that reactance elicited by mandates can cause detrimental effects, such as decreasing the intention to vaccinate against influenza and adhere to COVID-19 related protective measures.