Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of spatial configuration management on social distancing of recreational clubhouse for COVID-19 in Penang, Malaysia

PurposeSince the appearance of COVID-19 social distancing and staying home have been recommended repeatedly by the governments for disease prevention. As the challenge continues to remain the current study seeks to examine the factors affecting social distancing through space planning and management. More specifically the current study aims to examine the appropriateness of the spatial organization and space configuration of a clubhouse with a linear plan layout in the mitigation of the spread of infections due to serious pandemic COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachFor an enhanced understanding of the impact of spatial arrangements of public spaces plan on the effective implementation of social distancing this study has used the space syntax analysis method. The MPSP clubhouse building in Penang, Malaysia was selected as the case study. The level of permeability and wayfinding were determined in the building plan and were illustrated using photoshop software to depict the interrelation between the indoor spaces and building circulation. Graphs of the depth of space were used to analyze the level of permeability and wayfinding to illustrate the possibility of social distancing in the plan.FindingsThe result of the study shows the significant role of proper plan layout design on social distancing. While clear and direct wayfinding can positively be associated with more effective social distancing, the inefficient design of user access, inappropriate locations of multiple entry and exit and indefinite directions of users' inside buildings can impose slight limitations. The average level of permeability might suggest ineffective spatial arrangement, ignoring the needs of spatial segregation. The study further found that the linear plan layouts with proper zoning and effective management strategies can be considered a proper layout to facilitate social distancing and the spread of COVID-19.Originality/valueThe current study is unique in terms of examination of the spatial configuration of linear public spaces plan layout for possible temporary adaptability to curb disease spread during the unexpected advent of a pandemic. Based on researchers' best of knowledge it is the first time that the impact of recreational space design on social distancing has been examined. The study also originally sheds light on the fact that the commonly used guideline for the social distancing of 1–2 m between 2 persons, in reality, is practically inadequate given the nature of the sports activities.
A review on solid base heterogeneous catalysts: preparation, characterization and applications

Abstract The development of suitable catalysts that have high activity, abundant efficiency, and easy recovery as well as lesser ecological contamination suitable for various industrial processes is the rising area concerning green chemical processes. In recent times, solid heterogeneous catalysts with several industrial applications have attracted widespread attention because of characteristics like simple synthesis processes, even pore size distribution, large specific surface area, and high alkalinity. Solid base catalysts include metal oxides, zeolites, supported alkali metal compounds, clay minerals, waste solid base catalysts, mesoporous solid base catalysts, etc. They can be synthesized by using precipitation, co-precipitation, sol-gel, hydrothermal, impregnation, vapor phase deposition, and sonochemical methods which are thoroughly discussed in this paper. There has been tremendous development in characterization techniques for the solid base catalysts such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Energy dispersive spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller technique, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda method, etc. which are briefly explored. Various industrial processes catalyzed by solid base catalysts dehydration, condensation, isomerization, alkylation, polymerization, hydrogenation, esterification, and amination are also discussed in this paper.
The role of civic amenities in the residential satisfaction in apartment-housing localities of Prague

This article employs the quantitative research of residential satisfaction in two localities in Prague with different civic amenities. The results show that the presence of civic amenities in the neighbourhood has a significant effect on residential satisfaction, which is comparable to the importance of the quality of housing and the perceived quality of the neighbourhood. The relationship between the presence of civic amenities and residential satisfaction is affected by differences in the perceived importance of amenities between the residents of housing estates and suburbs, and by the position of households in the household life cycle.
Bowel function of postmenopausal women: Effects of daily consumption of dried plum

ABSTRACT Calcium and vitamin D were provided to 48 postmenopausal women for 6 months and randomly assigned into control, 50 g/d dried plum, or 100 g/d dried plum groups to examine dried plum influences on bowel habits. No adverse effects of dried plum were detected, whereas pain and constipation ratings increased (p<0.05) in the control group. Pain was higher (p=0.049) at 6 months for control versus 50 g/d dried plum and lower (p=0.042) at 3 months for 100 g/d dried plum versus 50 g/d. Constipation ratings were higher for control than 100 g/d dried plum at 6 months. Dried plum in the dose of 50 or 100 g per day did not produce adverse effect and may decrease discomfort of bowel movements.
Dentine Hypersensitivity and Attrition among Young and Elderly Patients of Bruxism

This study aimed to explore the difference of teeth hypersensitivity and attrition among young and elderly patients of bruxism in Lahore. Data of 80 participants was collected using convenient sampling technique for this crossectional study. Chi-square test was used to explore the difference teeth hypersensitivity and attrition among young and elderly patients of bruxism. The results of chi-square revealed a significant difference of teeth hypersensitivity among young and elderly patients with bruxism (X 2 = 13.653, P<.001). Among young patients with bruxism, 34% had teeth hypersensitivity as compared to the elderly patients with bruxism which were 66%. Age wise significant difference was also found among patients of bruxism in terms of attrition (X 2 = 30.0, P<.001). Tooth attrition was found in 12.5% young patients with bruxism whereas in elderly patients, 87.5% of the sample was having teeth attrition. In conclusion, the age wise difference of teeth attrition and teeth hypersensitivity among patients of bruxism was to be significantly different.
On Second Order Slope Rotatable Designs under Intra-class Correlated Structure of Errors Using a Pair of Dissimilar Incomplete Block Designs

In this paper, a study of second order slope rotatable designs under intra-class correlation error structure using two suitably chosen dissimilar incomplete block designs like balanced incomplete block designs and symmetrical unequal block arrangements with two unequal block sizes are suggested. Further, we study the variance of the estimated slopes for different values of the intra-class correlation coefficient (ρ) and the distance from the centre (d) for v factors are suggested. Some illustrative examples are also suggested.
Assessment of economic profitability and soil nutrient status of Eucalyptus and Gamar based agroforestry practices in the Madhupur Sal forest of Bangladesh

The study was carried out in the Madhupur Sal forest of Bangladesh to assess the economic profitability and soil nutrient status of Eucalyptus and Gamar based agroforestry practices based on the data from July 2017 to September 2018. Four different agroforestry practices viz. Eucalyptus-Akashmoni-TeakPapaya-Ginger-Pineapple-Banana, Eucalyptus-Akashmoni-Turmeric-Banana, Gamar-Akashmoni-Acacia hybrid-Goraneem-Pineapple-Papaya-Banana and Gamar-Akashmoni-Acacia hybrid-Kalomegh along with their non-agroforestry practices (NAFPs) (except tree) having 0.2 ha plot area were selected through literature review, focus group discussion and practical observation. In order to calculate the economic profitability of respective agroforestry practices as well as NAFPs, data related to incurred cost, gross return, net return from tree and crop components, soil samples for chemical analysis were collected from each plot. The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and land equivalent ratio (LER) for each of the selected agroforestry practices were determined. The results of the study showed that all the selected agroforestry practices were more profitable than their NAFPs. The net return, BCR, and LER (707110 Tk/ha, 3.87 and 1.76, respectively) indicated that the Eucalyptus-Akashmoni-Teak-Papaya-GingerBanana-Pineapple based agroforestry practice was economically more profitable followed by Gamar-Akashmoni-Acacia hybrid-Goraneem-Pineapple-PapayaBanana, Eucalyptus-Akashmoni-Turmeric-Banana, and Gamar-AkashmoniAcacia hybrid-Kalomegh based agroforestry practices. Moreover, soil nutrient status like organic matter (%), total N (%), available P (ppm) and exchangeable K (meq/100g soil) of all of the selected agroforestry practices were mostly higher than their non-agroforestry practices. Therefore, it can be concluded that agroforestry practices are economically more profitable than the cultivation of their sole cropping systems which also helps to reduce the use of chemical fertilizer.
Diterpenoids from the wood of Podocarpus neriifolitus

Using combined chromatographic methods, three known diterpenoids, inumakiol D ( 1 ), totarol ( 2 ) and totarol-19-carboxylic acid ( 3 ) along with β -sitosterol and β -sitosterol glucoside were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the wood of Podocarpus neriifolius collected in Lam Dong province, Vietnam. Their structures were determined by MS, 1D-, 2D-NMR data analysis and comparison with published references. This is the first report of compounds 1-3 from this plant. Keywords. Podocarpus neriifolius, diterpenoid, inumakiol D, totarol, totarol-19-carboxylic.
Determining Relationships between Marbling Scores and Carcass Yield Traits of German Beef Bull Carcasses Using Video-Image Analysis at the 12th and 10th Rib Position of Longissimus Thoracis and EUROP Classification

In contrast to other international beef classification systems, the European EUROP system disregards marbling in meat quality assessment. Instead, it focuses primarily on the assessment of conformation and fat score. Due to the lack of more specific assessment, beef quality in Germany is less known than beef produced in other countries and is largely incomparable to international standards. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of video-image analysis (VIA) for the assessment of bull carcasses for the commercial beef market in Germany. Marbling scores and carcass traits of 170 carcasses were assessed at the 10th/11th and 12th/13th rib-eye sections of longissimus thoracis. Results showed that VIA is able to precisely assess marbling scores at a German cutting position with a close relation (r = 0.83) to the US position. Furthermore, carcass traits integral to the US Yield Grade, such as rib fat (mean 112 mm) and a modified trait of fat/meat ratio, were assessed at the 10th/11th rib-eye position in a process reliably corresponding to the US position (mean 98 mm). EUROP traits showed only weak relationships with marbling scores, VIA measured rib fat thickness, and carcass weights. Although complete validation of video image analysis requires further research with a higher number of test animals, VIA is a viable tool for classifying the variation of German beef carcasses more reliably during the slaughter line and it could valuably supplement EUROP classification traits.
Initial Public Offering Investment: The General Investors’ Perspective

Jas Bahadur Gurung* Abstract This study aims to explore the views of general investors on their IPO investments in the primary market. Using a judgemental sampling, the views of 109 general investors who actively participated in the primary market has been employed in the study from Pokhara City. The study revealed that banking and finance followed by hydropower are the most preferred sectors of buying common stocks in the primary market with the expectation of long term returns. There is a significant different perception on both risk and return from IPO investment between male and female investors. The study also found that government’s policy announcements followed by the size of the firm that issues IPOs are the major determinants of IPO return and risk among investors. Increasing paid up capital for business expansion is the important reason for issuing IPOs by the companies while creating exit route for existing shareholders is the least.
A Brief Overview on Preparation of Self-Healing Polymers and Coatings via Hydrogen Bonding Interactions

Self-healing coatings or materials have received significant importance in paint, coating, and other industries, as well as in academia, because of their capability to extend materials service life, improving protection, and ensuring sustainability. This review article emphasizes significant advances accomplished in the preparation and properties of intrinsic self-healing materials exclusively based on hydrogen bonding interactions, with possible applications in coatings and adhesives. The main topic of discussion in this review article is the preparation, healing conditions, healing efficiency, and mechanical property recovery after healing. The last part of the review discusses the conclusions and outlook of self-healing materials.
Assessing vulnerability for inhabitants of Dhaka City considering flood-hazard exposure

Global flood hazard is gradually increasing. Though it is impossible to avoid them, losses and damage of hazards (e.g., floods, cyclones, and earthquakes) could be efficiently reduced by reducing household vulnerability with appropriate measures. This study aims to quantitatively measure the household vulnerability of flood hazards as a mitigation tool. It also proposed a unique approach to quantify flood-hazard household vulnerability, and shows its application in the flood prone city of Dhaka as an example case. Data were collected from both slum and non-slum areas to cover the entire urban habitat, and to compare their level of flood vulnerability. A total of 300 households were surveyed by structured questionnaire on the basis of five factors (economic, social, environmental, structural, and institutional) of flood vulnerability. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to measure individual household vulnerability scores by using the relative weightage of variables and indicators with proper standardisation. Analytical results demonstrated that 63.06% slum and 20.02% non-slum households were highly vulnerable to floods. In addition, this paper determined and assessed responsible factors for household flood vulnerability in Dhaka. For structural vulnerability, results exhibited that 82% of slum households were highly vulnerable, and 95.3% of non-slum households were moderately vulnerable. Socially, 67.3% of slum and 78.7% of non-slum households were moderately and low-vulnerable. The majority of slum and non-slum households (84% and 59.3%, respectively) showed high and moderate vulnerability with respect to economic vulnerability. Moreover, 69.3% of slum and 65.3% of nonslum household institutional vulnerability levels were high. Of slum inhabitants, 63.3% were environmentally at high risk, and 78% of non-slum habitats were in the low-vulnerability category. However, as an effective tool to measure location-specific vulnerability, it is applicable for the measuring vulnerability of other cities in the world with proper customisation. On the basis of this study, future research could be conducted with more factors, variables, and indicators of human vulnerability to natural or artificial hazards/disasters. Future work may provide a better reflection of the vulnerability status of single/multiple hazard(s)/disaster(s).
Knowledge of family planning and contraceptive use among indigenous women in Dinajpur, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

Extreme fertility rate and hence high population growth rate are among the leading economic and social problems challenged by the developing world. Increased level of poverty and decreased life expectancy has an association with the high population growth rate. Though Bangladesh's population growth rate is decreasing gradually but its trend is not so downward. Similarly, in indigenous people in Bangladesh, the population growth rate is average compare to the national growth rate. Contraception is unique among medical interventions in the breadth of its positive outcomes. It is an active way of family planning (FP) and fertility control and therefore very essential in endorsing maternal and child health. Decreasing the number of maternal deaths by 40% over the past 20 years and merely by reducing the number of unintended pregnancies in the developing countries has been cut by increasing use of contraception. A large number of European women aged 15-49 years old were estimated to be in danger of unintended pregnancy and almost half of the total pregnancies in the United States were unintended despite the availability of a wide variety of effective contraceptive methods. In every year, almost 230 million births were averted by using ABSTRACT
Quality of Nursing Care in Saudi Arabia: Are Empathy, Advocacy, and Caring Important Attributes for Nurses?

Background: The examination of the literature indicates that practicing nurses are barely engaged in developing enhancement programs for quality nursing care. There are numerous studies on the value of nursing care, but none offers ways of assessing the value of care provided by nurses. Identifying the essence of quality nursing care can facilitate effective enhancement approaches. It was prudent to explore the relationship between advocacy, caring, and empathy in delivering quality nursing care.Purpose: This study aimed to comprehend the views of Saudi Arabian nurses on how empathy, advocacy, and caring act as measurements of quality of nursing care.Methods: A qualitative investigative, descriptive design was used to explore the advocacy, empathy, and caring from the viewpoints of practicing nurses. Twenty-one general and specialized medical care nurses from King Saud Medical City in Saudi Arabia were recruited through purposive sampling. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews that were recorded, written out, and subjected to thematic analysis.Results: The findings have led to the establishment of quality Saudi nursing care with the identification of core themes: empathy, advocacy, and caring. The findings of this study elevate the understanding of the quality of nursing care in the Saudi context.Conclusion: The participants aver that patient advocacy, empathy, and care are parts of the characteristics of nursing profession. These characteristics aid in listening and comprehending patients’ perspectives. Following the findings, it is suggested to provide training to the nurses to overcome the challenges faced by nurses in reflecting empathy.
Prevalence of Canine Impaction among Saudi Population at Al Qassim Area in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background: One of the most reported dental problems is a tooth impaction which is defined as the infraosseous position of the tooth after the estimated time of eruption [1]. Thus, the most notable tooth impaction is canine impaction which is a frequently encountered clinical problem. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of impacted canines among Saudi people from the 5-year period of 2013-2018 in Al Qassim area in the KSA. Methodology: A retrospective research designed was utilized in the study. A retrospective study simply means to “look back” in the past and usually done by obtaining data from medical records of the targeted population with common characteristics [2]. Results: This 5-year study covered year 2013 to 2018. In this study, there were 1500 who seek dental health in King Fahd Specialist Hospital. Thus, out of these clients, only 89 were identified with cases of impacted canine using the OPG with a prevalence rate of 5.9 %. In addition, it was found that out of 89 patients identified, the patients have impacted canines in different locations: maxillary, mandible, right side and left side. It was found that there were 187 impacted teeth in different locations among 89 clients affected. There were 48 cases (25.7%) of impacted canines on the right side while 64 cases (34.2%) were reported on the left side of the total group. Moreover, impacted maxillary canine were 68 cases (36.4%) and mandibular impacted canine were only 7 cases (3.7%) of the total group. Conclusion: The early detection and treatment approach of impacted canines among affected individuals is vital in order to prevent different problems that may arise during impaction of canine teeth. Awareness, early detection, proper diagnostic test and multiple treatment approaches are needed to prevent different sequelae due to canine impaction.
Nutrient and Organic Carbon Losses, Enrichment Rate, and Cost of Water Erosion

Soil erosion from water causes loss of nutrients and organic carbon, enriches the environment outside the erosion site, and results in costs. The no-tillage system generates increased nutrient and C content in the topsoil and, although it controls erosion, it can produce a more enriched runoff than in the conventional tillage system. This study was conducted in a Humic Cambisol in natural rainfall from 1997 to 2012 to quantify the contents and total losses of nutrients and organic C in soil runoff, and to calculate the enrichment rates and the cost of these losses. The treatments evaluated were: a) soil with a crop, consisting of conventional tillage with one plowing + two harrowings (CT), minimum tillage with one chisel plowing + one harrowing (MT), and no tillage (NT); and b) bare soil: one plowing + two harrowings (BS). In CT, MT, and NT, black oat, soybean, vetch, corn, turnip, and black beans were cultivated. Over the 15 years, 15.5 Mg ha of limestone, 525 kg ha of N (urea), 1,302 kg ha of P2O5 (triple superphosphate), and 1,075 kg ha of K2O (potassium chloride) were used in the soil. The P, K, Ca, Mg, and organic C contents in the soil were determined and also the P, K, Ca, and Mg sediments in the runoff water. From these contents, the total losses, the enrichment rates (ER), and financial losses were calculated. The NT increased the P, K, and organic C contents in the topsoil. The nutrients and organic C content in the runoff from NT was greater than from CT, showing that NT was not a fully conservationist practice for soil. The linear model y = a + bx fit the data within the level of significance (p≤0.01) when the values of P, K, and organic C in the sediments from erosion were related to those values in the soil surface layer. The nutrient and organic C contents were higher in the sediments from erosion than in the soil where the erosion originated, generating values of ER>1 for P, K, and organic C. The value of the total losses of nutrients in the form of triple superphosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, and urea and limestone by water erosion was higher in CT than in NT. For triple superphosphate, the cost of erosion losses was 29 % higher in NT than in CT, while in urea and limestone, the effectiveness of NT in reducing costs was 65 and 50 %, respectively.