Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Survival of Lung Cancer Patients by Histopathology in Taiwan from 2010 to 2016: A Nationwide Study

Objective: Lung cancer poses a tremendous threat to the modern world. According to Taiwan’s Ministry of Health and Welfare, lung cancer took first place in total cancer deaths in 2021. This study investigated the overall lung cancer survival based on histopathology between 2010 and 2016 in Taiwan. Method: Data from 2010 to 2016 was collected from the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR). The characteristics and overall survival of 71,334 lung cancer patients were analyzed according to the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) 7th staging system. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify differences in 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival between different histopathologies of lung cancer. Results: The 1-year overall survival rate increased from 54.07% in 2010 to 66.14% in 2016. The 3-year overall survival rate increased from 26.57% in 2010 to 41.12% in 2016 in all patients. Among the histopathologies of lung cancer, 3-year overall survival of adenocarcinoma patients increased the most and largely contributed to the increased 3-year overall survival of all lung cancer patients. Conclusions: The introduction of target therapy has led to a tremendous increase in overall survival for lung adenocarcinoma patients. However, target therapy differs by histopathology. Choosing the right target therapy and determining the correct histopathology of lung cancer is a pivotal key in increasing the overall survival of patients. Together with immune therapy, the landscape of lung cancer treatments is changing.
On the benefits and limitations of Echo State Networks for turbulent flow prediction

The prediction of turbulent flow by the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms to big data is a concept currently in its infancy which requires further development. It is of special importance if the aim is a prediction that is good in a statistical sense or if the vector fields should be predicted as good as possible. For this purpose, the statistical and deterministic prediction of the unsteady but periodic flow of the von Kármán Vortex Street (KVS) was examined using an Echo State Network (ESN) which is well suited for learning from time series due to its recurrent connections. The experimental data of the velocity field of the KVS were collected by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Then, the data were reduced by Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and the flow was reconstructed by the first hundred most energetic modes. An ESN with 3000 neurons was optimized with respect to its three main hyperparameters to predict the time coefficients of the POD modes. For the deterministic prediction, the aim was to maximize the correct direction of the vertical velocities. The results indicate that the ESN can mimic the periodicity and the unsteadiness of the flow. It is also able to predict the sequence of the upward and downward directed velocities for longer time spans. For the statistical prediction, the similarity of the probability density functions of the vertical velocity fields between the predicted and actual flow was achieved. The leaking rate of the ESN played a key role in the transition from deterministic to statistical predictions.
When a Matrix and Its Inverse Are Nonnegative

In this article we prove that A and A − 1 are stochastic if and only of A is a permutation matrix. Then we extend this result to show that A and A − 1 are nonnegative if and only if it is a product of a diagonal matrix with all positive diagonal entries and a permutation matrix.
Midwives’ Risk Perception of and Preventive Behavioural Responses to COVID-19

As the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is highly contagious, application of preventive practices, such as personal protective equipment (PPE) usage and hand-washing, are crucial to prevent its spread. Evidence suggests that preventive behavioural responses to COVID-19 might be affected by risk perception. The present study aimed to assess risk perception and preventive behavioural responses among midwives and the association between them. In September 2020, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Indonesia among 421 midwives. Spearman’s correlation coefficient or Spearman’s rho (ρ) was used to identify the factors associated with risk perception and preventive behavioural responses as well as the correlation between risk perception and preventive practices. Generally, the midwives had a high-risk perception of COVID-19 infection. However, approximately 27% of the midwives did not always use PPE, and around 56% did not often wash their hands. Midwives who worked at health facilities had a higher level of risk perception of COVID-19 infection as well as adherence to preventive practices than those who worked at universities. A significant association was found between perception of risk severity and preventive practices (p < 0.05). The healthier the midwives, the higher their level of adherence to PPE and hand-washing. Older midwives tended to use PPE at any time, while those who had a chronic disease were more likely to wash their hands for at least 20 seconds more frequently. Although the midwives had a high-risk perception of the COVID-19, it is necessary to improve their preventive practices, particularly hand hygiene.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Konsep Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia Biologi SMA Dalam Bentuk Booklet Digital

Konsep Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia memiliki materi yang kompleks, melibatkan proses-proses tertentu dan saling berhubungan sehingga memerlukan bahan ajar untuk mengatasi kesulitan peserta didik. Booklet digital merupakan salah satu bahan ajar yang sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013 dan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesesuaian, kelayakan, keterbacaan, dan respon peserta didik terhadap bahan ajar konsep Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia Biologi SMA dalam bentuk booklet digital. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan yang menggunakan model 4D oleh Thiagarajan et al. [1] dengan tahapan Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate yang dimodifikasi sesuai keperluan. Subjek uji kesesuaian dan kelayakan terdiri atas 3 orang ahli. Subjek uji keterbacaan dan respon peserta didik terdiri atas 9 orang peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMA. Data diperoleh dari penilaian kesesuaian, kelayakan, keterbacaan, dan respon peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar konsep Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia Biologi SMA dalam bentuk booklet digital yang dikembangkan memperoleh nilai kesesuaian sebesar 4,61 yang tergolong sangat sesuai, memperoleh nilai kelayakan sebesar 4,71 yang tergolong sangat layak, memperoleh nilai keterbacaan sebesar 4,56 yang tergolong sangat baik dan memperoleh nilai respon peserta didik sebesar 4,58 yang tergolong sangat baik.
An Electric Wheelchair Manipulating System Using SSVEP-Based BCI System

Most people with motor disabilities use a joystick to control an electric wheelchair. However, those who suffer from multiple sclerosis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis may require other methods to control an electric wheelchair. This study implements an electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain–computer interface (BCI) system and a steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) to manipulate an electric wheelchair. While operating the human–machine interface, three types of SSVEP scenarios involving a real-time virtual stimulus are displayed on a monitor or mixed reality (MR) goggles to produce the EEG signals. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is used to classify the EEG signals into the corresponding class of command and the information transfer rate (ITR) is used to determine the effect. The experimental results show that the proposed SSVEP stimulus generates the EEG signals because of the high classification accuracy of CCA. This is used to control an electric wheelchair along a specific path. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is the mapping method that is available in the robotic operating software (ROS) platform that is used for the wheelchair system for this study.
Laminations mesures de plissage des varits hyperboliques de dimension 3

For a hyperbolic metric on a 3-dimensional manifold, the boundary of its convex core is a surface which is almost everywhere totally geodesic, but which is bent along a family of disjoint geodesics. The locus and intensity of this bending is described by a measured geodesic lamination, which is a topological object. We consider two problems: the topological characterization of those measured geodesic laminations which can occur as bending measured laminations of hyperbolic metrics; and the uniqueness problem which asks whether a hyperbolic metric is uniquely determined by its bending measured lamination.
Boundary value problem with fractional p-Laplacian operator

The aim of this paper is to obtain the existence of solution for the fractional p-Laplacian Dirichlet problem with mixed derivatives \begin{eqnarray*} &{_{t}}D_{T}^{\alpha}\left(|_{0}D_{t}^{\alpha}u(t))|^{p-2}{_{0}}D_{t}^{\alpha}u(t)\right) = f(t,u(t)), \;t\in [0,T],\\ &u(0) = u(T) = 0, \end{eqnarray*} where $\frac{1}{p} < \alpha <1$, $1<p<\infty$ and $f:[0,T]\times \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ is a Carath\'eodory function wich satisfies some growth conditions. We obtain the existence of nontrivial solution by using the Mountain Pass Theorem.
Can the center hold? Boundary actors and marginality in a community-based natural resource management network

Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) seeks to align the interests of local communities and conservation institutions. A significant challenge to this realignment is that CBNRM is often implemented in locations with colonial histories of oppression, persecution, and dispossession that have left legacies of inequity and marginalization. Social networks are one method for discerning how marginalized CBNRM actors can negotiate entitlements and agency. Through the lens of social networks, marginalization can be viewed as insufficient connectivity between the center and the periphery of the network. One possible remedy to this dysfunction are boundary actors, which are thought to be vital to connecting parts of social networks that would otherwise be poorly connected. Using social network analysis to visualize interactions between the Topnaar community and CBNRM institutional actors in Namibia’s Namib-Naukluft and Dorob National Parks, we find a number of individuals well-positioned to serve as boundary actors. Although our results suggest these individuals can be effective in sharing and translating key knowledge, supporting transfers of benefits, and enabling or negotiating entitlements, we also found that social, political, institutional, and geographic constraints limited their effectiveness. In particular, the Topnaar Traditional Authority, adopted a “neo-traditional,” top-down, gatekeeper role, while their community wanted them to be more responsive and engaged in directly addressing the communities’ problems. In general, the boundary actors were the focus of much discontent and conflict, in large part because of unclear pathways of accountability. We recommend the co-creation of boundary objects that specify responsibilities and thus reduce conflict and support effective boundary actors.
Surgical Treatment and Outcomes of Adjacent Segmental Disease by Additional Extension-fixation Decompression and Fusion without Removing Prior Fixation by Using Domino Connector

Purpose: Adjacent segmental disease (ASDis) represents symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration causing pain or neurological deficit. Revision lumbar decompression and extended spinal fusion remain the surgical gold standard. The surgical technique removes all prior implants (pedicle screw and rods) and applies the new implant to previous surgical sites while extending fixation across adjacent segments with fusion; however, it leads to soft tissue trauma, massive blood loss, prolonged operative time, and an increased fixation cost. This study aimed to present the use of a domino connector for connecting the old rod and new rod for extension fixation without removing prior fixation as an alternative technique. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 14 patients with ASDis who underwent revision surgery with the use of a domino connector for connecting the old rod and new rod for extension fixation without the removal of prior fixation. Results: All the patients were aged 59–85 years with a mean age of 67.2 years. The mean duration of ASDis was 4.38 years postoperatively. The patients were grouped according to the modified MacNab criteria as follows: no patient in the excellent group, 12 patients in the good group, and two patients in the fair group. Conclusions: This surgical technique for treating failed back surgery syndrome reduces the extent of the surgery by employing rod connectors without prior instrument revision. It can serve as an alternative for the operative technique for treating patients with ASDis.
Design and Implementation of a Medical Question and Answer System Based on Deep Learning

Medical services play a pivotal role in people’s lives and in the national economy. Although the number of healthcare facilities is currently growing every year, there are still major problems in terms of access and pressure on the flow of people. Therefore, there is an urgent need for complementary medical services to alleviate the flow of patients and their psychological burden and to enable them to receive timely medical advice. This article designs and implements a medical Q&A system based on deep learning. We took a retrieval-based approach, using crawler technology that has been manually reviewed to build the Q&A database, and the Seq2Seq algorithm and the TF-IDF model to build the answer generation model. The medical question and answer system developed enable effective Q&A and relevant medical advice to be given. The algorithm proposed in this paper can quickly provide users with accurate answers compared to conventional search methods in real datasets.
Spatial distribution pattern of ornithophilic mosquitoes along the vertical axis in forest habitats

: The spatial and temporal distribution of hosts is crucial in determining the feeding behaviour of hematophagous insects. We explored the spatial distribution of ornithophilic mosquitoes along the vertical axis in four locations covered with forests in Sri Lanka, i.e. Hanthana forest reserve (HAN), Halgolla forest reserve (HAL), Peradeniya university park (UOP), and Gampola (GAM). Mosquitoes were collected using bird-baited traps set at different height levels; 1 m (forest floor), 3 m (understory vegetation), and 6 m (canopy level), from 6.00-10.00 p.m. in 20 sampling sessions. Mosquitoes were identified using standard taxonomic keys and DNA barcodes of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI ) gene. A total of 1212 mosquitoes belonging to 15 species and seven genera were collected and the highest numbers were reported from canopy level [HAN (219; 53.3%), HAL (93; 49.5%), GAM (136; 45.5%), and UOP (163; 51.7%)]. Culex pseudovishnui was the only species distributed evenly along the vertical axis. Although the mosquito abundance was significantly different along with three height levels, the diversity was not significantly different. Generalized feeders were common in patchy forests located close to human settlements and more specialized feeders were found close to natural forests. The findings of the study are important in understanding the interaction between ornithophilic mosquitoes with residing avifauna in each forest strata.
Synthesis, Characterisation, Theoretical NMR Calculations and Crystal Structure of the 3-methyl-1H-1,2,4?4-triazole-5-amine acetate

The condensation reaction between aminoguanidine bicarbonate with carboxylic acids led to the formation of 3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-amine (mta), 3-methyl-1H-1,2,4l4-triazole-5-amine acetate (Hmta) and 3-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-amine (pta). The compound N-(3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-yl)propan-2-imine (mpta) was obtained by reacting the mta with acetone, upon an attempt of purifying mta in this solvent. The excess of acetic acid obtained the Hmta during the preparation of mta. These compounds were characterised by infrared and multinuclear NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy, microanalysis, and melting point. To investigate the formation of possible tautomeric conformations of mta, pta and mpta in solution, a theoretical approach was used to calculate the chemical shifts of carbon 13, based on the values of magnetic shielding tensor (NMR) by MPn and DFT methods. The biological assay of the triazoles mta, pta and mpta against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium showed no activity at the highest concentration used in the experiment.
Appropriating and Exploiting Dreams as Technology in Kgašane’s Narrative of Conversion

The study of mission history is seldom reported through imaginative literature, drama in particular, and dreams as a technique to justify conversion into Christianity. This article is based on a literary work, Kgašane, named after a Molobedu kinsman who is credited with sowing the seeds of Christianity in Bolobedu and the establishment of the Medingen Mission station of the Berlin Missionary Society. The article examines how the writer, Makwala, uses dreams as a divine revelation; an agency used to convert Kgashane. Though fictional, the narrative concerns itself with a factual tale that has dominated the Lutheran Church in the Northern Transvaal. The dreams represent various instances of multivocality and heteroglossia that this article hopes to unravel. The article uses an Afrocentric approach to the study of dreams, with touches of Jung as part of the theoretical framework. The design of the article is qualitative, using purposively selected literary works as secondary data. The choice of the work, Kgašane, is informed by the topical nature of its content within the Berlin Missionary Society and its application as the first written narrative to explain the story of a local martyr within the Medingen Mission.
Novel Blue-Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Ternary Complexes with β-Diketonate with Fluorinated Phenylimidazole for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

In this study, the one-pot synthesis of two novel Pt(II) β-diketonate compounds, viz. Pt(tpim)(O^O) (1) and Pt(mtpim)(O^O) (2) (tpim = 1-([1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl]-2′-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazole, mtpim = 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(5′-methyl-[1,1′:3′, 1″-terphenyl]-2′-yl)-1H-imidazole, and O^O = acetylacetonato) was achieved. Both compounds had a distorted square-planar geometry without direct intermolecular Pt(II)…Pt(II) interactions, which was attributed to the bulky terphenyl group of the C^N chelate as well as strong intermolecular Pt(II)---H(terphenyl/imidazole) interaction. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited bright sky-blue-phosphorescent emission with a λmax = 490 nm and photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of 0.50 and 0.47, respectively. The time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations revealed that the electronic transitions of both compounds were attributed to the combination of intra-ligand charge transfer [ILCT, π(phenylimidazole)–π*(terphenyl)] and ligand-to-ligand charge transfer [LLCT, π(acac)–π*(terphenyl)], in addition to a contribution from the metal-to-ligand charge transfer [MLCT, Ptd–π*(terphenyl)]. Compounds 1 and 2, as the dopants, and 3′-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,1′-biphenyl(mCBP):9-(3'-Carbazol-9-yl-5-cyano-biphenyl-3-yl)-9H-carbazole-3-carbonitrile(CNmCBPCN), as the mixed host, were used to fabricate multilayer phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. Compound 1 doped in the emissive layer at a 10% doping level demonstrated a maximum current efficiency of 21.7 cd/A at 100 cd/m2.
FDA-Approved Inhibitors of RTK/Raf Signaling Potently Impair Multiple Steps of In Vitro and Ex Vivo Influenza A Virus Infections

Influenza virus (IV) infections pose a burden on global public health with significant morbidity and mortality. The limited range of currently licensed IV antiviral drugs is susceptible to the rapid rise of resistant viruses. In contrast, FDA-approved kinase inhibitors can be repurposed as fast-tracked host-targeted antivirals with a higher barrier of resistance. Extending our recent studies, we screened 21 FDA-approved small-molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs) and identified seven candidates as potent inhibitors of pandemic and seasonal IV infections. These SMKIs were further validated in a biologically and clinically relevant ex vivo model of human precision-cut lung slices. We identified steps of the virus infection cycle affected by these inhibitors (entry, replication, egress) and found that most SMKIs affected both entry and egress. Based on defined and overlapping targets of these inhibitors, the candidate SMKIs target receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-mediated activation of Raf/MEK/ERK pathways to limit influenza A virus infection. Our data and the established safety profiles of these SMKIs support further clinical investigations and repurposing of these SMKIs as host-targeted influenza therapeutics.
Ponzano-Regge model revisited II: Equivalence with Chern-Simons

We provide a mathematical definition of the gauge fixed Ponzano-Regge model showing that it gives a measure on the space of flat connections whose volume is well defined. We then show that the Ponzano-Regge model can be equivalently expressed as Reshetikhin-Turaev evaluation of a colored chain mail link based on D(SU(2)): a non compact quantum group being the Drinfeld double of SU(2) and a deformation of the Poincare algebra. This proves the equivalence between spin foam quantization and Chern-Simons quantization of three dimensional gravity without cosmological constant. We extend this correspondence to the computation of expectation value of physical observables and insertion of particles.