Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Weighted Parabolic Triebel Spaces of Product Type. Fourier Multipliers and Pseudo-Differential Operators

The aim of the paper is a detailed study of the boundedness properties of Fourier multipliers and pseudo-differential operators on weighted parabolic Triebel spaces of product type. We prove estimates for Fourier multipliers of Hörmander-Michlin-Marcinkiewicz type on weighted and unweighted Triebel spaces, L-spaces and vector-valued L-spaces. The same method is then applied to obtain estimates for pseudo-differential operators in several generalizations of the Hörmander class SJU * their adjoints. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification (1985 Revision): 46E35, 47G05, 42B15, 35S05. 0. Introduction This paper is concerned with a detailed study of the boundedness properties of Fourier multipliers and pseudo-differential operators on Triebel spaces. The underlying Euclidean space R carries a product structure IR = IR x . x fR" where each factor is provided with a parabolic distance function £. Moreover, we consider ^^-weights which are compatible with this structure. For the special case where each Qt is the Euclidean metric see R. Fefferman/Stein [19]. The theory of unweighted isotropic Triebel spaces is represented in the monograph by Triebel [60]. Extensions to spaces of product type are in Triebel [57] and for weighted spaces see Qui [44] and Kokilashvili [25]. Recently there are extensions to parabolic spaces by Yamazaki [63] and Seeger [52] which improve earlier results by Stöckert/Triebel [55]. All these approaches to Triebel spaces are based on a generalization due to Peetre [43] of a maximal technique by C. Fefferman/Stein [18]. We use instead a simpler pointwise estimate.
Emergency gastrointestinal tract operation associated with cytomegalovirus infection

Purpose Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common in immunocompromised patients. Enterocolitis caused by CMV infection can lead to perforation and bleeding of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which requires emergency operation. We investigated the demographics and outcomes of patients who underwent emergency operation for CMV infection of the GI tract. Methods This retrospective study was conducted between January 2010 and December 2020. Patients who underwent emergency GI operation and were diagnosed with CMV infection through a pathologic examination of the surgical specimen were included. The diagnosis was confirmed using immunohistochemical staining and evaluated by experienced pathologists. Results A total of 27 patients who underwent operation for CMV infection were included, 18 of whom were male with a median age of 63 years. Twenty-two patients were in an immunocompromised state. Colon (37.0%) and small bowel (37.0%) were the most infected organs. CMV antigenemia testing was performed in 19 patients; 13 of whom showed positive results. The time to diagnose CMV infection from operation and time to start ganciclovir treatment were median of 9 days. The reoperation rate was 22.2% and perforation was the most common cause of reoperation. In-hospital mortality rate was 25.9%. Conclusion CMV infection in the GI tract causes severe effects, such as hemorrhage or perforation, in immunocompromised patients. When these outcomes are observed in immunocompromised patients, suspicion of CMV infection and further evaluation for CMV detection in tissue specimens is required for proper treatment.
Dietary Changes among the Indian Population during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: After the COVID-19 outbreak, significant changes in lifestyle and dietary patterns were observed. There are many studies indicating lifestyle changes but very few pointing out the intricate changes in consumption of different food groups, so our aim is to analyze the same. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 participants between the age group of 18 and 60 years. A self-developed questionnaire with questions regarding the change in consumption of different food groups during the pandemic was circulated online among the urban population. Results: It was observed that 46% participants turned down their consumption of fish and seafood and 48.2% participants lowered frozen protein consumption. 44.9% respondents increased their milk consumption and 41.8% reduced their intake of ice-creams. It was observed that 42.4% participants turned up their consumption of bread and buns and 47.3% of respondents increased their rice intake. It was further recorded that 39.6% and 40.9% participants raised their intake of sweets and chocolates and biscuits and cookies, respectively. 50% and 61.3% respondents ate more green leafy vegetables and fruits during the pandemic. There was a 53.3%, 46.9%, and 38.7% reduction in the consumption of hamburgers, pizza, and fried foods, respectively. Conclusion: Majority of the participants have increased consumption of healthy foods like milk, fruits, vegetables, and nuts, while reduced the consumption of junk foods, carbonated drinks, and ice-cream. There has been a positive shift in the dietary pattern of the Indian population toward foods that help develop immunity despite its limited availability during the pandemic.
Relativistic corrections for screening effects on the energies of hydrogen-like atoms embedded in plasmas

The influence of relativistic and plasma screening effects on energies of hydrogen-like atoms embedded in plasmas has been studied. The Dirac equation with a more general exponential cosine screened potential has been solved numerically and perturbatively, by employing the direct perturbation theory. Properties of spectra corresponding to bound states and to different sets of the potential parameters have been studied both in nonrelativistic and relativistic approximations. Binding energies, fine-structure splittings, and relativistic energy shifts have been determined as functions of parameters of the potential. The results have been compared with the ones known from the literature.
Emotional intelligence training program for adolescents involved in intensive training centers

Abstract This study aimed to design and evaluate an emotional intelligence (EI) training program for adolescents involved in intensive sport training centers. A total of 31 young elite table-tennis players received EI training through six sessions and a recall period across a competitive season. The athletes completed (1) a self-reported questionnaire at the beginning and at the end of the program to assess intra-individual and inter-individual EI; and (2) a logbook twice a month during a period of 6 months including emotion regulation strategies (ERS), cognitive appraisals, and discrete emotions. The results highlighted an increased level of intra-individual EI, especially for understanding and regulation dimensions. Moreover, multilevel growth curve analyses (MGCAs) revealed adaptive changes for the reported levels of acceptance, refocus on planning, positive reappraisal, average less-adaptive ERS, self-blame, and catastrophizing strategies. These findings support a beneficial effect of the program on ERS. However, the analyses revealed limited results for discrete emotions. Finally, MGCAs also revealed adaptive trajectories in the scores of cognitive appraisals and thus provided further evidence of the benefits of the EI program on threat, challenge, and loss levels. In sum, this interventional study adds to a growing body of EI literature by proposing a theoretically based intervention for adolescents involved in a competitive and emotionally demanding environment. Lay summary: The emotional intelligence is now recognized as a crucial factor to success in competitive sport. It appears crucial to develop these competences among youth athletes which are exposed to various constraints. This study confirms that the emotional intelligence (as some emotion regulation strategies) can be improved with short and adapted interventions.
Enhancing Detection of Multi-Frequency-Modulated SSVEP Using Phase Difference Constrained Canonical Correlation Analysis

Objective: Multi-frequency-modulated visual stimulation scheme has been shown effective for the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) recently, especially in increasing the visual target number with less stimulus frequencies and mitigating the visual fatigue. However, the existing calibration-free recognition algorithms based on the traditional canonical correlation analysis (CCA) cannot provide the merited performance. Approach: To improve the recognition performance, this study proposes a phase difference constrained CCA (pdCCA), which assumes that the multi-frequency-modulated SSVEPs share a common spatial filter over different frequencies and have a specified phase difference. Specifically, during the CCA computation, the phase differences of the spatially filtered SSVEPs are constrained using the temporal concatenation of the sine-cosine reference signals with the pre-defined initial phases. Main results: We evaluate the performance of the proposed pdCCA-based method on three representative multi-frequency-modulated visual stimulation paradigms (i.e., based on the multi-frequency sequential coding, the dual-frequency, and the amplitude modulation). The evaluation results on four SSVEP datasets (Dataset Ia, Ib, II, and III) show that the pdCCA-based method can significantly outperform the current CCA method in terms of recognition accuracy. It improves the accuracy by 22.09% in Dataset Ia, 20.86% in Dataset Ib, 8.61% in Dataset II, and 25.85% in Dataset III. Significance: The pdCCA-based method, which actively controls the phase difference of the multi-frequency-modulated SSVEPs after spatial filtering, is a new calibration-free method for multi-frequency-modulated SSVEP-based BCIs.
COVID-19 Workplace Mitigation Strategies and Employee Leave Policies Implemented during the Height of the Pandemic, United States, Fall 2020 and 2021

COVID-19 workplace mitigation strategies implemented within US businesses have been effective at preventing disease and protecting workers, but the extent of their use is not well understood. We examined reported COVID-19 workplace mitigation strategies by business size, geographic region, and industry using internet panel survey data from US adult respondents working full- or part-time outside the home (fall 2020, N = 1168) andfull- or part-time, inside or outside the home (fall 2021, N = 1778). We used chi-square tests to assess the differences in the strategies used (e.g., masking and COVID-19 screening) and ANOVA tests to examine the group differences on a mitigation strategies summative score. Fewer COVID-19 mitigation strategies were reported by respondents in fall 2021 (compared to fall 2020) across businesses of different sizes and regions. The participants in microbusinesses (1–10 employees) reported significantly (p < 0.05) lower mitigation scores than all other business sizes, and the respondents in these businesses were significantly less likely (p < 0.05) to have paid leave than those in enterprises with >10 employees. The healthcare and education sectors had the highest reported mean score of COVID-19 workplace mitigation strategies. Small and essential businesses are critical to the US economy. Insight is needed on their use of mitigation strategies to protect workers during the current and future pandemics.
Sex, Gender, and the Regulation of Prescription Drugs: Omissions and Opportunities

The regulation of prescription drugs is an important health, safety, and equity issue. However, regulatory processes do not always consider evidence on sex, gender, and factors such as age and race, omissions that advocates have highlighted for several decades. Assessing the impact of sex-related factors is critical to ensuring drug safety and efficacy for females and males, and for informing clinical product monographs and consumer information. Gender-related factors affect prescribing, access to drugs, needs and desires for specific prescribed therapies. This article draws on a policy-research partnership project that examined the lifecycle management of prescription drugs in Canada using a sex and gender-based analysis plus (SGBA+) lens. In the same time period, Health Canada created a Scientific Advisory Committee on Health Products for Women, in part to examine drug regulation. We report on grey literature and selected regulatory documents to illustrate the extent to which sex and gender-based analysis plus (SGBA+) is utilized in regulation and policy. We identify omissions in the management of prescription drugs, and name opportunities for improvements by integrating SGBA+ into drug sponsor applications, clinical trials development, and pharmacovigilance. We report on recent efforts to incorporate sex disaggregated data and recommend ways that the management of prescription drugs can benefit from more integration of sex, gender, and equity.
Canine as a Comparative and Translational Model for Human Mammary Tumor

Despite the advances in research and treatment of human breast cancer, its incidence rate continues to increase by 0.5% per year, and the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies for specific subtypes of human breast cancer remains challenging. Traditional laboratory mouse models have contributed tremendously to human breast cancer research. However, mice do not develop tumors spontaneously; consequently, genetically engineered mouse models or patient-derived xenograft models are often relied upon for more sophisticated human breast cancer studies. Since human breast cancer develops spontaneously, there is a need for alternative, yet complementary, models that can better recapitulate the features of human breast cancer to better understand the molecular and clinical complexities of the disease in developing new therapeutic strategies. Canine mammary tumors are one such alternative model that share features with human breast cancer, including prevalence rate, subtype classification, treatment, and mutational profiles, all of which are described in this review.
An Intensive Longitudinal Assessment Approach to Surveilling Trajectories of Burnout over the First Year of the COVID Pandemic

Frontline clinicians responding to the COVID-19 pandemic are at increased risk of burnout, but less is known about the trajectory of clinician burnout as caseloads increase and decrease. Personal and professional resources, including self-efficacy and hospital support, can attenuate the risk of burnout. Yet, empirical data documenting how burnout and resources changed as the pandemic waxed and waned are limited. This intensive longitudinal prospective study employed ecological momentary assessment methods to examine trajectories of burnout and resources over the pandemic’s first year in a New York City hospital. A 10-item survey was emailed every 5 days to frontline clinicians (physicians, nurses, and physician assistants). The primary outcome was a single-item validated measure of burnout; predictors included daily hospital COVID-19-related caseloads and personal and professional resources. Clinicians (n = 398) completed the initial survey and an average of 12 surveys over the year. Initially, 45.3% of staff reported burnout; over the year, 58.7% reported burnout. Following the initial COVID peak, caseloads declined, and burnout levels declined. During the second wave of COVID, as caseloads increased and remained elevated and personal and professional resource levels decreased, burnout increased. This novel application of intensive longitudinal assessment enabled ongoing surveillance of burnout and permitted us to evaluate how fluctuations in caseload intensity and personal and professional resources related to burnout over time. The surveillance data support the need for intensified resource allocation during prolonged pandemics.
Emission from the Secondary Star in the Old Cataclysmic Variable WZ Sagittae

We present the first detection of the mass donor star in the cataclysmic variable WZ Sagittae. Phase-resolved spectroscopy reveals narrow Balmer emission components from the irradiated secondary star during the 2001 outburst. Its radial velocity curve indicates a systemic velocity of -72 ± 3 km s-1 and an apparent velocity amplitude of K = 493 ± 10 km s-1. Doppler tomography reveals a highly asymmetric accretion disk including a significant bright spot contribution 20 days into the outburst. We estimate the apparent primary radial velocity using the Hα tomogram and find K = 37 ± 5 km s-1. Accounting for the likely systematic errors affecting both K1 and K2 measurements, we conservatively derive 493 km s-1 < K2 < 585 km s-1 and K1 < 37 km s-1. The measured phase offset between bright spot eclipse and inferior conjunction of the secondary star brackets the allowed mass ratio (q = M2/M1) to lie between 0.040 and 0.075. These constraints imply a white dwarf with M1 > 0.70 M☉ and a low-mass secondary with M2 < 0.11 M☉. A nondegenerate mass donor, implying WZ Sge has not yet evolved through its minimum period, is therefore not ruled out by our observations. This would require an improved estimate of K1.
On the Influence of Far-Wake Resolution on Wind Turbine Flow Simulations

A study was made on the influence of the wake mesh resolution on the integrated forces acting on a wind turbine rotor using an unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes flow solver. Solutions were obtained for five wake resolutions ranging from 0.5 rotor diameters to 7.5 diameters downstream resolving up to 13 tip vortex revolutions. It was found that the resolution of the tip vortices in the far-wake beyond half a diameter downstream did not influence the induced velocities in the rotor plane significantly, with the low speed shaft torque differing less than approximately 1% for the rotor in question.
Convergence to stationary solutions for a parabolic-hyperbolic phase-field system

A parabolic-hyperbolic nonconserved phase-field model is here analyzed. This is an evolution system consisting of a parabolic equation for the relative temperature $\theta$ which is nonlinearly coupled with a semilinear damped wave equation governing the order parameter $\chi$. The latter equation is characterized by a nonlinearity $\phi(\chi)$ with cubic growth. Assuming homogeneous Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions for $\theta$ and $\chi$, we prove that any weak solution has an $\omega$-limit set consisting of one point only. This is achieved by means of adapting a method based on the Łojasiewicz-Simon inequality. We also obtain an estimate of the decay rate to equilibrium.
Edge-Bonded Dissimilar Orthogonal Elastic Wedges Under Normal and Shear Loading

J. DUNDURS.The author has presented a most interesting paper on the adhering elastic quarter-planes that are subjected to specified surface tractions. I t is especially refreshing to see that he was not intimidated by the great, complexity of the solution in the physical parameters, and that explicit results are given. The problem considered belongs to the class of propositions in plane elastostatics for which the stress field shows a reduced dependence on elastic constants. I t is possible, for this reason, to achieve a modest simplification in the results and, what may be more important, to put some of the interpretations on a physically more tangible basis. When a composite bod}' consisting of two isotropic and elastic phases is loaded by prescribed surface tractions, the stress field generally depends on three parameters formed from the elastic constants. For instance, the ratio of the shear moduli and the Poisson's ratios of the two phases could be used for this purpose. However, when the geometry and the loading of the body is such that it is in a state of plane deformations, and when the vector sums of tractions formed as line integrals vanish on all individual holes in the body, the stress induced by prescribed surface tractions depends on only two combinations of the elastic constants. I t is, of course, understood that the prescribed surface tractions are specified independently of the elastic constants. A remarkable feature of this result is that it holds regardless of the topological intricacies of the composite body, and that it matters not what mechanical conditions are imposed at the interfaces between the phases, be it full adhesion or frictionless slip. The result is probably also true for some models of interfaces with friction, or when there is partial separation between the phases. I t may be noted, finally, that the conditions which must be imposed for the composite body are precisely the same as those under which the stress field in a homogeneous body is independent of Poisson's ratio. Thus, in both cases, there is a reduction by one in the dependence on elastic constants.
Nonlinear Spectra: the Neumann Problem

Abstract Eigenvalue problems of the form x” = −λf(x+ ) + μg(x− ), x‘(a) = 0, x' (b) = 0 are considered. We are looking for (λ,μ) such that the problem (i), (ii) has a nontrivial solution. This problem generalizes the famous Fucik problem for piece‐wise linear equations. In our considerations functions f and g may be nonlinear. Consequently spectra may differ essentially from those for the Fucik equation.
Abrupt Seasonal Migration of the ITCZ into the Summer Hemisphere

Abstract Although the maximum of solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere moves gradually from one hemisphere to the other as part of the seasonal cycle, the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) moves abruptly into the summer hemisphere. An axisymmetric circulation model is developed to study this rapid transition. The model consists of an upper and lower layer of the Hadley circulation (HC), with the surface layer attached to a slab ocean and the lower layer connected to the upper layer by a constant lapse rate. The model is forced by solar heating, and the ITCZ is prescribed to coincide with the warmest sea surface temperature (SST). The collocation of tropical rainfall with warm SST allows the model ITCZ migration to be understood in terms of the relative influence of solar heating and atmospheric dynamics upon ocean temperature. Atmospheric dynamics allow the ITCZ to move off the equator by flattening the meridional temperature gradient that would exist in radiative–convective equilibrium. For th.