Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The duality of Shephards weakly disposable technology

A part of the recent literature on the treatment of undesirable outputs by weakly disposable models advocates for the use of the Kuosmanen approach to weak disposability. It defines the minimum extrapolation technology satisfying the disposability assumptions specific to weakly disposable models under three different assumptions on convexity: convexity of the technology set, convexity of output sets only and no convexity at all. We contribute to this taxonomy by adding the case of assuming both input and output sets convex, restoring the classical Shephard approach to weak disposability on the output correspondence. After defining the technology through the definition of a directional distance function, we also linearize the corresponding program and show how the application of duality results in a clear, intuitive, and economically relevant interpretation of the assumption of weak disposability on outputs. Finally, we provide an original proof of the existing relationship between weak disposability and returns to scale.
Unequal Welfare Gains From Trade Across Countries: The Role of Aggregation and Income Elasticities

Sectoral heterogeneity has been shown to affect country-level welfare gains from trade (measured by costs of autarky) that can be calculated by sector-specific trade elasticities and home expenditure shares. However, empirical analyses of multi-sector models are restricted to a limited number of countries and sectors, mostly due to the lack of data on sector-specific home expenditure shares. This paper first proposes a solution to this limitation by changing the way that foreign products are aggregated at the destination country, where ‘unbiased’ multi-sector welfare gains can be captured by using country-specific trade elasticity measures. Second, the restrictive assumption of unitary importer-income elasticity is relaxed, and it is shown that the trade elasticity in the calculation of welfare gains is replaced by the newly-introduced welfare elasticity, a function of trade and income elasticities. Empirical evidence suggests that equal percentage changes in home expenditure shares result in unequal gains across countries depending on their elasticity measures.
LOAD SHARING MECHANISM OF BAMBOO PILE MATTRESS FOR REINFORCED EMBANKMENT

: In Indonesia, bamboo pile mattress is commonly utilized for reinforced embankments over deep soft soil, especially for shallow ground water table or even over the ground surface as the water functions as timeless preservation for the bamboo. However hardly any articles have been published for design references. This work intends to evaluate bamboo pile mattress for embankment reinforcement numerically by means of Plaxis 2D. A parametric analysis was conducted to assess the effect of both piles spacing s and length L on embankment settlement, stability, and pile load ratio α p . A ratio s/L is introduced to evaluate the combination of s and L effects. Furthermore, normalized settlement S/S ∞ and normalized factor of safety SF/SF ∞ are proposed to facilitate the assessment, in which S ∞ and SF ∞ are ones at s/L = ∞ (bamboo mattress with no pile condition). The results show that S/S ∞ increases with increasing s/L . Inversely, SF/SF ∞ and α p decrease with decreasing s/L . When s and L are increased independently, S/S ∞ and SF/SF ∞ curves initially follow different paths. When s/L > 0.1 the curves merge into a line. Meanwhile, α p curves blend into a line and separate with a different slope when s/L > 0.1. s/L = 0.1 becomes an onset point to show that L provides more significant effects than s for S/S ∞ and SF/SF ∞ at s/L < 0.1. However, L produces less influence on α p than s at s/L > 0.1. Furthermore, the findings may provide insight and direction for reinforced embankment design using bamboo pile mattress.
Application of Support Vector Machines to a Small-Sample Prediction

The support vector machines (SVMs) is one kind of novel small-sample machine learning methods based on solid theoretical background. Highly nonlinear regression and classification are their two applications. Different from conventional statistics methods, the SVMs employs the structural risk minimizing principle, which leads to high predication precision. For this method is not essentially related to probability measure and Law of Large Numbers, the final decision function is only determined by a small fraction of sample, called support vectors. Consequently, the complexity of computation only depends on the number of support vectors rather than the dimensions of the original sample space. In most occasions of oil and gas development, only small samples are available to predict the results of one measure. Introduction of SVMs into these applications can significantly improve prediction precision.
Longest reach of a cantilever with a tip load

How does one deliver a weight attached to the end of an elastic rod? The theoretical analysis is not trivial. The longest horizontal reach of the rod depends on its length, rigidity and the angle at the base. This nonlinear elastica cantilever problem is formulated and solved by numerical integration. In some cases it may even be better to shorten the rod.
The Effects of Exam-Induced Stress on EEG Profiles and Memory Scores

Common stressors amongst postsecondary students are exam-induced anxiety and stress. The purpose of this study was to measure stress alterations in the student population around examinations and determine how they affect electroencephalogram (EEG) profiles and memory scores. Twenty university students were measured multiple times in the study. During each measurement, participants were administered a cortisol saliva test and an EEG. We hypothesized that cortisol levels, memory scores, and EEG profiles would all demonstrate changes near examinations. The brain regions of interest (ROIs) were the parahippocampal gyrus, the medial frontal gyrus, and the middle frontal gyrus. Results demonstrated that memory performance and parahippocampal activity were correlated, specifically in the 5–9 Hz frequency band. Correlations were also computed between cortisol levels, memory performance, and parahippocampal activity. The medial frontal gyrus also displayed changes in the mean (19–20 Hz) current source density (CSD) throughout the experiment. The middle frontal gyrus activation was highly variable during the different measurement time points. Essentially, when an individual’s memory scores were consistent between exam and nonexam trials, there was an increase in middle frontal gyrus activation during examination periods. Lastly, the right parahippocampal gyrus was found to be the most activated one day away from examination time. These results indicate that memory scores are related to cortisol levels and examination periods, but most importantly, there are overt and predictable alterations in student EEG profiles near examinations.
Viral hepatitis is associated with increased risk of decompensated cirrhosis or liver failure in patients positive for liver cytosol antibody type 1

Liver cytosol antibody type 1 (anti‐LC1) is reported to be a marker of type 2 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a type of autoimmune liver disease (AILD). However, anti‐LC1 is not entirely disease‐specific, and its clinical value in other hepatic diseases has not been well elucidated. Our study aimed to explore the associations between the diagnoses and outcome of decompensated cirrhosis or liver failure (DC/LF) in patients positive for anti‐LC1. A total of 157 patients positive for anti‐LC1 were included in our final analysis. DC/LF was defined as the outcome of patients positive for anti‐LC1. The risk of DC/LF according to diagnosis was estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, while stratified Cox regression models were used in the subgroup analyses. The diagnoses of patients positive for anti‐LC1 were found to be comprised of various liver disorders. Versus other diagnoses, viral hepatitis was associated with a 2.25‐fold increased risk of DC/LF in these patients, independent of sex, age, disease course, treatment and drinking history. Additionally, the associations were more significant by subgroup analysis in male patients, younger patients, non‐newly diagnosed patients, patients without treatment and patients without drinking history. Anti‐LC1 is not a disease‐specific antibody, as it was found in multiple types of hepatic disease. Furthermore, viral hepatitis rather than AILD was associated with an increased risk of DC/LF in patients positive for anti‐LC1. These findings emphasize the important role of viral hepatitis in the progression of DC/LF in patients positive for anti‐LC1.
A Real-Time Monitoring System for the Elderly based on the GSM Network

Infectious illnesses are more prevalent and harmful in older adults because to functional, demographic, and immunological changes brought on by aging. Treatment for these disorders is complicated by aging organ systems. Given that many seniors have multiple illnesses and take multiple medications, antimicrobial therapy for them should be carefully chosen to prevent drug interactions and other issues. Thus, it is important to keep an eye on the health of elderly people. In this research, we tracked elderly patients using a clever technique. The device includes a microprocessor, temperature sensor, pulse sensor, LCD display, and GSM module. The temperature and pulse of the elderly are shown on an LCD monitor. The system may notify emergency services if the pulse and temperature data go over the permitted limitations. The method was successfully tested on a large number of elderly persons.
Yb:YAG ceramic-based laser driver for Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE)

We report on a new class of laser amplifiers for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) drivers based on a Yb:YAG ceramic disk in an edge-pumped configuration and cooled by a high-velocity gas flow. The Yb lasant offers very high efficiency and low waste heat. The ceramic host material has a thermal conductivity nearly 15-times higher than the traditionally used glass and it is producible in sizes suitable for a typical 10- to 20-kJ driver beam line. The combination of high lasant efficiency, low waste heat, edge-pumping, and excellent thermal conductivity of the host, enable operation at 10 to 20 Hz at over 20% wall plug efficiency while being comparably smaller and less costly than recently considered face-pumped alternative drivers using Nd:glass, Yb:S-FAP, and cryogenic Yb:YAG. Scalability of the laser driver over a broad range of sizes is presented.
A Comparison of Alternative Non-Parametric Estimators of the Short Rate Diffusion Coefficient

In this paper we discuss the estimation of the diffusion coefficient of one-factor models for the short rate via non-parametric methods. We test the estimators proposed by Ait Sahalia (1996a), Stanton (1997) and Bandi and Phillips (2003) on Monte Carlo simulation of the Vasicek and CIR model and show that all estimators, especially that proposed by Ait-Sahalia (1996a), are problematic for values of the mean reversion coefficient typically displayed by interest rate data. Moreover all estimators depend crucially on the choice of the bandwith parameter. Data analysis shows that the estimators lead to different estimates on the data set analyzed by Ait-Sahalia (1996a) and Stanton (1997); moreover we show that the two data set are inherently different.
Differences in Aroma Metabolite Profile, Microstructure, and Rheological Properties of Fermented Milk Using Different Cultures

Texture and flavour are the key attributes determining sensory quality and are highly affected by starter cultures. A selection of phenotypic strains is needed to create diverse texture and flavour to meet consumers’ preferences. In this study, the use of five lactic acid bacteria strains in the production of fermented milk, along with the metabolite profiles, microstructure, and rheological properties of the fermented milk samples, was investigated. Our results showed that Lactobacillus helveticus (LH) and Streptococcus thermophilus (ST) had a stronger acidification during fermentation but resulted in products with a coarser protein network compared to Lactococcus lactis (BL1) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (CL3). Milk fermented by LH had the highest viscosity and exopolysaccharide concentration, while milk fermented by ST had the highest concentration of diacetyl. Although Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides (CL3ST) had a minimal acidification capability, it produced high levels of ethyl-derived compounds associated with sweet, fruity, and floral fragrances. The results demonstrated that LH and ST could be used as starter cultures targeting fermented milks with different viscosities, while BL1, CL3, and CL3ST are suitable as adjunct cultures to impact different acidic sharpness and flavour notes.
Teachers’ Perception towards the use of Problem-Based Learning for Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Lagos State Secondary Schools

In a method called issue-based learning, students learn about a subject by collaborating in groups to find a solution to an unrestricted problem. The motivation and learning are driven by this issue. The study is a descriptive survey that aims to find out how teachers in secondary schools in Lagos State feel about using problem-based learning to teach and learn mathematics. The study was conducted at Corona Secondary School in Lekki and St. Saviours High School in Ikotun, both in Lagos State, Nigeria. 247 instructors from Corona Secondary School and 205 from St. Saviours High School in Lagos State, Nigeria, make up the study's population. 100 instructors from the two schools in Lagos state were the study's sample. 100 teachers were part of the study's sample. Candidates were picked through a stratified sampling process. The instrument used for the study is a standardized 30-item questionnaire called Teachers Perspective towards the use of Problem-Based Learning for Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Lagos State Secondary Schools (TPTPBLTLMLSSS). The study used both face validity and content validity. Pearson product moment correlation was used to generate reliability co-efficient of 0.72. The statistical methods employed for the study were mean and z test.
A DFT Study on Single Brønsted Acid Sites in Zeolite Beta and Their Interaction with Probe Molecules

Zeolites are subjects of intensive research, as they have vast industrial applications. However, exact nature of catalytic active sites remains elusive. With this research, we attempt to shed light on the Brønsted acid sites in zeolite beta modification A and correlate the widely used TPD methods of their identification with the theoretically determined strongest and weakest acid sites. A diverse set of probe molecules with a wide range of acid strength of their conjugated acids is applied to determine the heats of their adsorption over protonated zeolite beta samples. The molecules studied were acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, isothiazole, pyridine, tetrahydrofuran, and ammonia. It was found that the heat of adsorption of the probe molecules correlated with the acid strength of acid sites only partially. Only some of the strong acid sites were able to be identified, while the weakest acid site was often identified correctly. To conclude, the widely used method of zeolites acid sites studies delivers only partially correct results, and the conclusions from such TPD studies should be treated with caution.
Evaluation of Three Nutrient Compositions for Lettuce Cultivers in two Hydroponic Systems

A greenhouse field experiment was conducted at Plasticulture Farm in MPUAT, Udaipur Rajasthan in 2021 to examine the effects of different EC levels on the growth and weight of two lettuce cultivars grown in two hydroponic systems. Two lettuce cultivars, Ice Berg (V1) and Green Rapid (V2), were subjected to three levels of EC i.e. 0.75 dS/m, 1.0 dS/m and 1.25 dS/m and two hydroponic systems (DWC and NFT). The Green Rapid cultivar with 1.0 dS/m and NFT treatment combination proved significantly more productive than the other cultivar/treatment combinations. Based on the results, for all parameters, i.e. plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight, plant spread and dry matter were found more effective in Green rapid with 1.0 dS/m EC and NFT treatment combination. It is expected that the development of a good and easy-touse hydroponic system will help growers produce high-quality vegetables including lettuce.
Propriétés de mélange des processus autorégressifs polynomiaux

We study the mixing and the ergodicity of Markov chain {ZOn E ~ satisfying an equation Zn + 1= cp (Zn, en), where cp is a polynomial application and (en) is a sequence of i. i. d. random variables in We obtain simple sufficient conditions for the chain (Zn) to be Harris recurrent, geometrically ergodic and geometrically absolutely regular. To obtain this result, we first prove a continuity theorem for the image of a measure by a polynomial application. The results apply to the ARMA processes and the bilinear processes. Classification A.M.S. : 60 G 10, 60 G 99, 60 J 27, 62 M 10. ’ ’ ’ 1 _ . -~ Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré Probabilités et Statistiques 0246-0203 Vol. 26/90/02/219/42/$ 6,20/© Gauthier-Villars 260. 219 Vol. 26, n° 2, 1990, p.
Hydrophone spatial averaging corrections from 1-40 MHz

The spatial averaging model was developed and experimentally verified in the frequency range 1-40 MHz. The model is applicable to focused sources of circular geometry, accounts for the effects of hydrophone finite aperture and allows calibration by substitution to be performed when the active elements of reference and tested hydrophone differ significantly. The effective diameters of the ultrasonic hydrophone probes calibrated in the focal plane of the sources with different f-numbers ranged from 150-500 /spl mu/m. The probes with diameters smaller than that of the reference hydrophone exhibited experimentally determined absolute sensitivity higher than the true one. The model was capable of predicting the correct sensitivity with an overall uncertainty of +1 dB. It is now being extended to be applicable to frequencies beyond 40 MHz and rectangular acoustic sources.
EFFICIENT AND PRIVACY-PRESERVING ONLINE FINGERPRINT AUTHENTICATION SCHEME OVER OUTSOURCED DATA

The fingerprint recognition approach uses a variety of techniques, each of which is based on particular criteria. Finding an effective method for fingerprint recognition is the goal of this work. The goal of this project is to provide a straightforward, high-performance fingerprint recognition method. This strategy consists of two main phases: The first step is actually collecting data from samples of human fingerprints, and the second step focuses on designing and implementing a highperformance fingerprint recognition method. The feature extraction phase, in which numerous levels of the two-dimensional discrete cosine transform (D-DCT) are utilized to generate highperformance features, was the primary focus of the implemented strategy. By combining the functions of the right and left thumbs, this strategy is carried out. According to the findings, this method achieves a high level of recognition accuracy. Choosing the security architecture and policies for a system is a difficult task that must be guided by an understanding of user behavior in the proposed work to Improve data security against darker we. Shamir cryptography is the subject of our free fuzzy vault-based fingerprint cryptosystem that makes use of highly discriminative pairpolar (P-P) minutiae structures. Our system's use of fine quantization makes it possible to use a well-known, conventional minutiae matcher right away and retain a significant amount of information about a fingerprint template. The proposed fingerprint cryptosystem outperforms other minutiae-based fingerprint cryptosystems and is highly secure when compared to a few publicly available databases.
Pre-sowing Treatments Impact on the Germination of Three Melia species (Melia Azeadarch, Melia composita and Melia dubia)

A nursery experiment was carried out to study germination rate of three different Melia species at the Division of Agroforestry, experimental farm at Sher-e-Kashmir, University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chatha, Jammu (UT). Three Melia species drupes (Melia azedarach, Melia composita and Melia dubia) were subjected to eight pre-sowing treatments. Analysis of the results revealed that Melia drupes treated with cow dung slurry for 30 days enhanced germination percentage and days to initial and final germination. Finding of the experiments showed that pre-sowing treatments was effective in enhancing germination and production of quality seedlings of Melia species.
Application of the Population Pharmacokinetics Model-Based Approach to the Prediction of Drug–Drug Interaction between Rivaroxaban and Carbamazepine in Humans

Rivaroxaban (RIV) is one of the direct oral anticoagulants used to prevent and treat venous and arterial thromboembolic events. Considering the therapeutic indications, RIV is likely to be concomitantly administered with various other drugs. Among these is carbamazepine (CBZ), one of the recommended first-line options to control seizures and epilepsy. RIV is a strong substrate of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and Pgp/BCRP efflux transporters. Meanwhile, CBZ is well known as a strong inducer of these enzymes and transporters. Therefore, drug–drug interaction (DDI) between CBZ and RIV is expected. This study aimed to predict the DDI profile of CBZ and RIV in humans by using a population pharmacokinetics (PK) model-based approach. We previously investigated the population PK parameters of RIV administered alone or with CBZ in rats. In this study, those parameters were extrapolated from rats to humans by using simple allometry and liver blood flow scaling, and then applied to back-simulate the PK profiles of RIV in humans (20 mg RIV per day) used alone or with CBZ (900 mg CBZ per day). Results showed that CBZ significantly reduced RIV exposure. The AUCinf and Cmax of RIV decreased by 52.3% and 41.0%, respectively, following the first RIV dose, and by 68.5% and 49.8% at the steady state. Therefore, the co-administration of CBZ and RIV warrants caution. Further studies investigating the extent of DDIs between these drugs should be conducted in humans to fully understand their safety and effects.
The Role of Dividend Policy in Explaining Corporate Governance and Profitability on Firm Value

This study aims to determine the effect of corporate governance and profitability on dividend policy based on substitution theory and/or outcome theory in the banking sector in Indonesia. Theoretically, this study contributes which theory is more dominant between substitution theory and outcome theory by linking the influence of corporate governance with dividend policy and providing information about the impact of the application of the theory on firm value and build awareness to be careful of investors. Investors in making investment decisions, especially in the banking industry in Indonesia. In addition, this study also examines the role of dividend policy in explaining the relationship between corporate governance and profitability on the value of banking firms. A sample of 135 observational data comes from 27 banking companies during 2016-2020. This research found that corporate governance has a negative and significant influence on dividend policy. In addition, the CG index is one of the factors that can explain the company's market value. Profitability is empirically proven to influence dividend policy. Dividend policy is proven to play a role in mediating the relationship between profitability and firm value. However, it is empirically proven that dividend policy cannot mediate the relationship between corporate governance and firm value.