Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Boron deficiency in cole crops under field and greenhouse conditions 1

Abstract Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted on a Charlottetown fine sandy loam soil containing 0.28 ppm hot‐water‐soluble (hws) B. Broccoli, Brussels sprouts and cauliflower grown without added B showed B deficiency symptoms in the form of yellowing of leaves and in the case of cauliflower purplish colored inward curled leaf edges were also noted under greenhouse conditions. Under field conditions, however, only broccoli showed symptoms of B deficiency in the form of browning of older leaf edges. Application of B increased plant growth about 3‐fold under greenhouse conditions, while in the field experiment B increased the yield of broccoli and cauliflower by about 20%. The decreased yields of broccoli, Brussels sprouts and cauliflower with B deficiency leaf disorders under greenhouse conditions were associated with plant tissue B concentrations of 2.4, 6.6 and 4.2 ppm, respectively, in the three crops. Under field conditions, B deficiency symptoms in broccoli, and reduced yields in broccoli a.
Lupine calls to Texas poison control centers, 1998–2005

Many lupine species (Genus Lupinus) contain toxic compounds, although the amount of these substances varies by the plant part and species. This investigation described the epidemiology of 138 lupine exposures reported to Texas poison centers during 1998–2005. Almost 88% of the lupine exposure calls occurred in March and April, and 90% of the calls came from the central portions of the state. Sixty-one percent of the calls involved female patients, and 91% of the patients were age <6 years. The lupine exposure occurred at the patient's own residence in 79% of the cases. Of the reported lupine exposures, 93% were handled outside of health care facilities, and, of those cases with a known medical outcome, few moderate or major effects, and no deaths, were reported. The most frequently noted clinical effect among cases during 2000–2005 was vomiting, affecting 8% of the cases. In conclusion, most reported lupine exposures in Texas came from the central parts of the state, occurred in spring, and involved young children. Typical reported lupine exposures in Texas were not likely to have adverse outcomes.
Validating the EssenCES modified for people with learning disabilities in a low-risk secure Forensic setting

Background: Research has shown that an empowering and nurturing yet challenging work climate is beneficial for people receiving clinical services as it increases patient satisfaction, motivation, engagement, therapeutic alliance and functional improvement. Therefore, for inpatients, monitoring, encouraging and understanding ward climate holds considerable potential for improving forensic mental health services. To date, the most widely employed tool for ward-climate, the EssenCES, has been evidenced as useful in medium and high security hospitals, but little tested with people with learning disabilities or in low security services. Aims: To establish the internal consistency and factor validity of the EssenCES, modified for easier reading, in a low secure hospital unit for people with learning disabilities. Method: Language in the EssenCES was simplified and picture supplements added to facilitate comprehension. Patients completed the scale as part of their clinical routine, supported by NHS employed psychology assistants. The research team, entirely independent of NHS staff, extracted data form the electronic records of purposively sampled residents in a low-secure forensic hospital setting for people with learning disabilities. Findings: 276 records (70% men) were acquired. The EssenCES was shown to have good factor validity and retained the original three factor model including the subscales: therapeutic hold, safety and cohesion. One single-item from the ‘therapeutic hold’ subscale was removed to improve the internal consistency (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study adds preliminary support for the use of the EssenCES (with removal of one item) in individuals with learning disabilities within low-risk secure forensic hospital settings.
A wonderful analogy between Augustine’s definition of moral-value- functional sense of response-action and Philo’s definition of truth-functional sense of implication in logic

The paper is dvoted to interdisciplinary research at the intersection of symbolic logic, mathematical ethics, and philosophical theology. By comparing definitions of relevant functions, a surprising analogy is discovered between the well-known Philo’s precise definition of implication in logic (classical one) and Augustine’s precise definition of God’s morally good reaction to human actions. The moral-value-table-representation of Augustinian doctrine is compared with moral-value-table-representations of Pelagius’ and Leo Tolstoy’s views of adequate moral-response-actions.
The effect of negotiations frequency on the vehicles price in public sector in Indonesia

E-Purchasing systems allow buyers and sellers to communicate directly and to negotiate. A relatively recent addition to public procurement practice in Indonesia, this research investigates how negotiation affects transacted price, particularly in the vehicle commodity. More than 40,000 transactions were examined; transactions consisted of central government purchasing organizations and also at the local government level. Statistical analysis involved Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Multinomial Logit regression. Findings reveal that more frequent negotiations lead to a lower final price and that some government buyer organizations experience greater impact of negotiation than others. We discuss implications for Indonesian government policies, and for future research.
Isopiestic determination of the activity coefficients of some aqueous rare earth electrolyte solutions at 25.degree.C. 2. The rare earth perchlorates

The osmotic coefficients of the aqueous trinitrates of Sm, Gd, Tb, and Tm have been measured from 0.1 to 0.2 mol kg/sup -1/ to saturation, and those of erbium and ytterbium trinitrates have been measured from 0.1 mol kg/sup -1/ to well into the supersaturated concentration region. In addition, data for La trinitrate have been measured from 0.32 to 1.26 mol kg/sup -1/. These osmotic coefficients were fitted to semiempirical least-squares equations, and water activities and mean molal activity coefficients were calculated from these equations. The water activities of these rare earth nitrate solutions are much higher than for the corresponding rare earth chlorides and perchlorates at the same molalities, while the nitrate solution mean molal activity coefficients are much lower. Differences between the activities of the various rare earth salts are discussed in terms of ion--water and ion--ion interactions.
Oxidation of heme to β- and δ-biliverdin by Pseudomonas aeruginosa heme oxygenase as a consequence of an unusual seating of the heme

The origin of the unusual regioselectivity of heme oxygenation, i.e. the oxidation of heme to δ-biliverdin (70%) and β-biliverdin (30%), that is exhibited by heme oxygenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa-HO) has been studied by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and resonance Raman spectroscopies. Whereas resonance Raman indicates that the heme−iron ligation in pa-HO is homologous to that observed in previously studied α-hydroxylating heme oxygenases, the NMR spectroscopic studies suggest that the heme in this enzyme is seated in a manner that is distinct from that observed for all other α-hydroxylating heme oxygenase enzymes for which a structure is known. In pa-HO, the heme is rotated in-plane ∼110°, so the δ-meso-carbon of the major orientational isomer is located within the HO-fold in the place where the α-hydroxylating enzymes typically place the α-meso-carbon. The unusual heme seating displayed by pa-HO places the heme propionates so that these groups point in the direction of the solvent-exposed heme edge and appea.
Self-Assembled Monolayers of Branched Thiols and Disulfides on Gold: Surface Coverage, Order and Chain Orientation

Self-assembly of several branched thiols possessing two long alkane chains and corresponding disulfides on gold surfaces are described. The self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) obtained were investigated by contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Monolayers formed by the disulfides were shown to be significantly thinner (SPR) and much more disordered (FT-IR, contact angles) than SAMs of the thiol counterparts. The presence of polar functional groups and complementary H-bond donors/acceptors in the alkane chains of branched disulfides was shown to assist the formation of better packed monolayers. Compared to SAMs of octadecanethiol, the branched thiols investigated in this study gave SAMs with a significantly reduced tilt angle, as seen in the FT-IR spectra. AFM revealed the lattice of one of the thiols on Au(111) with molecular (lattice) resolution showing a reduced area per molecule (as compared to octadecanethiol) which is consistent with a reduced tilt angle.
The Reaction of Aromatic Aldehydes and 1,3-Cyclohexanedione in Aqueous Media

The reaction of aromatic aldehyde and 1,3-cyclohexanedione in aqueous media has been catalyzed by p-dodecylbenezenesulfonic acid (DBSA) or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and yields two products: 9-aryl-1, 8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives and 2,2´-arylmethylene bis(3-hydroxy- 2-cyclohexene-1-one). This method provides several advantages such as good yield, simple work-up procedure and environment friendly.
Surface States and Photovoltaic Effects in CdSe Quantum Dot Films

Photovoltaic effects in CdSe quantum dot (QD) films have been studied using surface photovoltage spectroscopy and complementary methods. The results show that, contrary to previous studies, nonnegligible electric fields can exist in QD films. As a result, driftlike currents must be considered, in addition to the well-known diffusion like currents. However, it is found that the specific case of photovoltage sign reversal, observed after etching highly quantized CdSe QD films, is governed by diffusion like transport. The latter is highly influenced by preferential trapping of one type of charge carrier. The preferential trapping is shown to be surface localized and is strongly ambient dependent. It is shown that the photovoltaic properties of these CdSe QD films are dominated by their surface state distribution.
Crystal structure of 1-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-3-phenylurea, C14H13ClN2O2

C14H13ClN2O2, monoclinic, P121/c1 (no. 14), a = 5.3549(4) Å, b = 15.555(1) Å, c = 16.561(2) Å, ) = 95.759(1)°, V = 1372.5 Å, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.049, wRref(F) = 0.149, T = 298 K. Source of material Synthesis of the title compound was accomplished by reaction of aniline (6 mmol) with 4-nitrophenyl-4-chlorobenzyloxycarbamate (6.5 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (40 mL) in the presence of anhydrous triethylamine (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h, then washed with 1 M NaOH (30 mL for three times), 1 M HCl (30 mL) and water (30 mL) [1]. The solution was dried with MgSO4, filtered, and distilled under reduced pressure at 25 °C to gain the desired compound as a yellow solid. The substance was soaked in ether at 0 5 °C for 4 h, filtered, then recrystallized from acetic ether/light petroleum, filtered and dried. The structure was confirmed by IR, MS and NMR. Colorless needle-shaped single crystals of the title compound suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis were obtained by slow evaporation of the mixed solvent acetone/cyclohexane (1:2, v/v) at room temperature for one week (m.p. 130 132 °C). Experimental details All hydrogen atoms were placed in idealized positions and treated as riding with d(C—H) = 0.93 Å for benzene ring, d(C—H) = 0.97 Å for methylene, d(N—H) = 0.86 Å, and Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(C,N). Discussion In the title crystal structure, the bond length of the carbonyl bond (C=O) is 1.225 Å which is in the normal range of 1.19 1.23 Å, similar to that observed in our previous papers [2-4]. There are three significant atomic planes in the structure, two benzene rings and the urea plane (O1, N1, N2, C1). The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 68.08(7)°, while the urea group forms dihedral angles of 14.07(2)° and 58.05(7)° with benzene and 4chlorophenyl rings, respectively. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked into parallel chains along [001] by intermolecular N–H···O hydrogen bonding. Z. Kristallogr. NCS 226 (2011) 199-200 / DOI 10.1524/ncrs.2011. 0092 199 © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München Crystal: colorless needle, size 0.08 × 0.12 × 0.40 mm Wavelength: Mo K* radiation (0.71073 Å) -: 2.77 cm−1 Diffractometer, scan mode: Bruker SMART CCD, "/% 2+max: 50.02° N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique: 7122, 2423 Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt: Iobs > 2 ((Iobs), 1544 N(param)refined: 172 Programs: SHELXS-97, SHELXL-97 [5] Table 1. Data collection and handling. H(1) 4e 0.1094 0.4721 0.4168 0.077 H(2) 4e 0.4811 0.6359 0.4145 0.072 H(3) 4e 0.0175 0.7523 0.4985 0.080 H(4) 4e 0.0053 0.9007 0.5043 0.098 H(5) 4e 0.2897 0.9826 0.4433 0.101 H(6) 4e 0.5979 0.9158 0.3789 0.097 H(7) 4e 0.6163 0.7683 0.3730 0.083 H(8A) 4e 0.6602 0.4614 0.3160 0.096 H(8B) 4e 0.3972 0.5019 0.2885 0.096 H(10) 4e 0.0672 0.4066 0.2453 0.093 H(11) 4e −0.1012 0.2699 0.2314 0.103 H(13) 4e 0.4762 0.1781 0.3767 0.105 H(14) 4e 0.6436 0.3147 0.3884 0.094 Table 2. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in Å). Atom Site x y z Uiso
Modification of poly(lactic acid) films: Enhanced wettability from surface-confined photografting and increased degradation rate due to an artifact of the photografting process

The major objective of this research was to modify PLA film surfaces with the ultimate aim of making a bioactive surface that will show faster degradation. The PLA film was solvent-cast, and the film surfaces were grafted with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) using a UV-induced photopolymerization process. The film surface resulting from each reaction step was analyzed using ATR−FTIR spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. Results showed that PAA was grafted from PLA film surfaces in 2 or 3 h, while PAAm was grafted in 3 or 5 h depending on the method of activation. Films grafted with PAA and PAAm exhibited improved wettability. The neat and surface-modified films were incubated in different pH solutions, viz., pH = 4, 7, and 10, for specified time periods. The films resulting from each treatment were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The molecular weights of the incubated films were measured using chloroform-based GPC. Results established that faster degradation of th.
Structure, Process, and Material Influences for 3D Printed Lattices Designed With Mixed Unit Cells

Emerging 3D printing technologies are enabling the design and fabrication of novel architected structures with advantageous mechanical responses. Designing complex structures, such as lattices, with a targeted response is challenging because build materials, fabrication process, and topological design have unique influences on the structure’s mechanical response. Changing any factor may have unanticipated consequences, even for simpler lattice structures. Here, we conduct mechanical compression experiments to investigate varied lattice design, fabrication, and material combinations using stereolithography printing with a biocompatible polymer. Mechanical testing demonstrates that a higher ultraviolet curing time increases elastic modulus. Material testing demonstrated that anisotropy does not strongly influence lattice mechanics. Designs were altered by comparing homogenous lattices of single unit cell types and heterogeneous lattices that combine two types of unit cells. Unit cells for heterogeneous structures include a Cube design for a high elastic modulus and Cross design for improved shear response. Mechanical testing of three heterogeneous layouts demonstrated how unit cell organization influences mechanical outcomes, therefore enabling the tuning of an elastic modulus that surpasses the law of averages designed for application-dependent mechanical needs. These findings provide a foundation for linking design, process, and material for engineering 3D printed structures with preferred properties, while also facilitating new directions in design automation and optimization.
Education Program Using Health Belief Model on Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors among Women Attending Primary Health Care Centers

Background:Women of all ages are a population at risk for osteoporosis; the key prevention method for osteoporosis is that of the educational programs using a behavior change model. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the education program using the health belief model on knowledge and health beliefs towards osteoporosis prevention among women attending primary health care centers. The research hypothesis:The experimental group women who involved in the education program will be expected to demonstrate higher levels of knowledge and stronger health beliefs of osteoporosis than the control group women who not involved. Design:A quasi? experimental study. Methods: The purposive sample included 200 women who were assigned into two groups.Experimental (N = 100) and control (N = 100) were selected from two family health centers. Two tools were used. 1) Women Structured Interviewing Questionnaire involving demographic characteristics and osteoporosis knowledge test (OKT). 2) Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale (OHBS). Results:Post and follow-up program implementation, a significant increment was found in comparison with the control group in the mean scores of the experimental group in the OKT and OHBS (p <0.000). Conclusion:The developed osteoporosis education program using the health belief model had a remarkable and significant impact on improving women's knowledge and their health beliefs regarding osteoporosis prevention behaviors. Recommendation:Primary healthcare programs regarding osteoporosis preventive strategies using the health belief model should be implemented on a routine base in all healthcare centers.
Paired Computer-Aided Design: The Effect of Collaboration Mode on Differences in Model Quality

We present the results of an experiment investigating two different modes of collaboration on a series of computer-aided design (CAD) tasks. Inspired by the pair programming literature, we anticipate that partners working in a fully synchronous collaborative CAD environment will achieve different levels of quality in CAD models depending on their mode of collaboration — one in which the pair is free to work in parallel, and another where the pair must coordinate to share one control. We found that a shared CAD control led to significantly better overall CAD quality than parallel CAD control. In addition, the shared control mode led to more complete and consistent CAD models, as well as the tendency for participants to follow instructions to correctly replicate features for the design task. As is predicted in the literature, a trade-off relationship (albeit weak) between quality and speed via the parallel collaboration was found. In contrast, the shared control mode shows no clear relationship between speed and quality. Collaborative CAD is increasingly seen as an appealing tool for modern product design teams. This study suggests that the benefits of this tool are not solely the effect of the tool itself, but result from the collaboration style of the designers using the tool.
Probabilistic Process Algebra

Every day we witness the fast development of the hardware and software technology. This, of course, is the reason that new and more complex systems controlled by some kind of computational-based devices become an unseparated part of our daily life. As more as the system complexity increases, as more the reasoning about its correct behaviour becomes dif? cult. A variety of consequences may occur as a result of a failure, ranging from simple annoying to life threatening ones. Thus for some systems it is crucial that they exhibit a correct functioning. However, for systems with an extremely complex construction it is almost impossible to give an absolute guarantee for their correctness. In this case, it is still satisfactory to know that the possibility for a system to fail is low enough. Formal methods have been developed for establishing correctness of computer systems. They provide rigorous methods with which one can formally specify properties of a systems's intended behaviour, and also can check if the system conforms to that speci? cation. In case of complex systems we need a formal method that allows us to reason in compositional way, it provides us with techniques that can be used to build larger systems from the composition of smaller ones. Process algebra carries exactly this idea; it provides operators that allow to compose processes in order to obtain a more complex process. Besides, every process algebra contains a set of axioms. Every axiom is an algebraic equation that carries our intuition and insight in process behaviour, it expresses which two processes behaviour we consider equal. In such a way, manipulation with processes becomes manipulation with equations in the algebraic sense. But, equations and operators do not have any meaning unless we place them in a certain real ? world? and match the terms of the process algebra with the entities of the real world. This step is traditionally called ? giving a semantic of the syntax? The structure constructed in this way is called a model of the considered process algebra. For every given process algebra we can construct an in? nite number of models, but only several of them are interesting for the purpose process algebra was developed as a formal method. However, there is a tendency always to use so-called a bisimulation model. In this thesis we propose several process algebras and construct their models based on the notion of bisimulation.
Dielectric relaxation of the alternating terpolymers of ethylene, propylene, and carbon monoxide

The alternating terpolymers of ethylene, propylene, and carbon monoxide were characterized by wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermally stimulated depolarization currents, and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). At room temperature, the terpolymers were x-ray amorphous; however, the existence of weak endothermal effects over fairly broad temperature intervals above the glass transition suggested that they should be classified as “microcrystalline” (in a sense that the ultimate level of crystallinity lies beyond the resolution limits of ordinary WAXS instruments). The DRS data in the temperature intervals of α- and sub-glass relaxations were fitted quantitatively to the Havriliak–Negami equation. The characteristic parameters for the α-relaxation were consistent with classification of terpolymers as relatively fragile glass formers; however, their high fragility was attributed to steric constraints to the motion of chain dipoles by the residual network of microcrystals. Strong asymmetry of the dielectric sub-glass relaxation was regarded as additional experimental evidence for the interference of the spatial network of microcrystallites with the motion (in this case, noncooperative) of chain segments.