Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amoebiasis of the Penis: A Review and Update

Ulceration of the penis/foreskin which would tend to be painful, Swelling of the penis, Oedema of the penis, Discharge from ulcer or inflamed area of penis that could be purulent or may contain blood, Balanoposthitis, Exudation from a penile ulcer which could be mild, profuse, purulent or bloody, Sloughing off of part of the foreskin and other tissues with resulting hypospadias, indurated swelling of the penis which may initially involve one part of the penis but could quickly spread, A history of homosexual coital activity may be obtained, The spouse of a man who has Amoebiasis of the penis could also have Amoebiasis of vulva, cervix or endometrium, The prepuce may not be retractable, There may be ulceration or swelling of the glans penis that may be irregular. Clinical examination findings in cases of Amoebiasis of the penis could reveal some of the ensuing: The general and systematic examinations may be normal. Examination of the penis may show: Tight non-retractile foreskin, Ulceration of foreskin, Swelling of the foreskin, Swelling of the glans penis, Ulceration and swelling of glans penis. , Swelling and inflammation of the shaft of the penis, Ulceration on the shaft of the penis, Development of an iatrogenic hypospadias which was not there before, The inguinal lymph nodes may not be palpable but sometimes they may be enlarged on one side or on both sides, The penile swelling may involve part of the penis but at times on rare occasions the entire penis may be swollen, the penile swelling could on rare occasions extend to the supra-pubic area, On rare occasions the swelling of the penis could extend to include the scrotum but this is extremely rare. Amoebiasis of the penis does mimic various common conditions that affect the penis including: squamous cell carcinoma of the penis, chancroid, primary syphilitic ulcer of the penis, granuloma inguinale, balanoposthitis, and many other lesions affecting the penis. A high-index of suspicion is required to diagnose Amoebiasis of the penis. Clinicians need to be aware that male homosexuals who practice penetrative penis-anal coital activity have a higher risk of developing amoebiasis of the penis especially in Amoebiasis endemic countries. If an individual is suspected to have balanoposthitis or non-specific infection of the penis and is treated with antibiotics but the lesion does not respond to treatment, amoebiasis of the penis should be suspected. Secretions and discharges from the penile ulcer as well as biopsies of the penile lesion should be submitted for pathology examination which would demonstrate trophozoites, entamoebae as well as inflammatory cells. Even if carcinoma of the penis is initially suspected biopsy of the penile lesion would show features of Amoebiasis in the absence of any features of malignancy but in the very rare situation of a combination of Amoebiasis of the penis and carcinoma of the penis microscopic pathology examination of a biopsy specimen of the penile lesion would show features of Amoebiasis and carcinoma of the penis. Amoebiasis of the penis does quickly and effectively respond to anti-amoebic medicaments.
OPTH_A_248423 915..920

Sarah W DeParis Clarinda J Hougen Fatemeh Rajaii 1 Nicholas R Mahoney 1Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, The Permanente Medical Group, San Rafael, CA, USA Purpose: The Kaneka Lacriflow CL (Lacriflow) bicanalicular lacrimal intubation system was evaluated as a self-retaining alternative to traditional modalities for stenting and dilation of the lacrimal drainage system in proximal lacrimal drainage system stenosis. Patients and Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to assess the use of the Lacriflow system for treatment of patients with punctal and canalicular stenosis. Anesthesia type, operative time, and complications were assessed. Results: In the time period evaluated, a total of 72 Lacriflow stents were placed in 45 patients, most commonly under intravenous sedation. Stents were left in place for a mean of 145 days, with 9 stents left in place for more than 1 year, and a mean follow-up time of 263 days. Early complications within 90 days included prolapse in 1 stent, symptomatic colonization for 2 stents, and corneal abrasion in 1 stent in a patient with anterior basement membrane dystrophy. Five additional stents developed colonization in the late postoperative period (four of which were more than 1 year after stent placement). The overall complication rate (per stent) at 3 months after surgery was 5.6% and at all follow-up time points was 13.9%. Operative times were significantly shorter for a cohort of patients undergoing bicanalicular intubation with the Ritleng system (P = 0.015). Conclusion: The Lacriflow bicanalicular stent can be easily placed without general anesthesia. Complication rates are comparable to other bicanalicular intubation systems, but increase with longer time that stents are left in place.
Automatic Intelligent Movie Sentiment Analysis Model Creation for Box Office Prediction using Multiview Light Semi Supervised Convolution Neural Network

With the rapid growth of e-commerce, online product and service monitoring is becoming more and more established as an important source of information for both sellers and customers. Emotional surveys and comments for online review analysis are gaining more and more attention as such studies help use information from online reviews for potential economic impacts. Twitter is a widely used social networking site and a trusted source of public opinion. The success of the film can be predicted by analyzing the tweets and researching the impact of the film. This report discusses the application of emotional analysis and in-depth machine learning methods to understand the relationship between online movie reviews, and this story is used to generate revenue at the movie box office. In this paper, this work present a Intelligent Extensive Information Rich Transfer Network (IEIRTN). It is modeled with information from sentences (i.e., reviews) and aspects simultaneously. First, IEIRTN extract all aspects of the sentence. After obtaining the aspects, it utilize all data in the source domain and the target domain for training Multiview Light Semi Supervised Convolution Neural Network (MLSSCNN) classifier. To understand the predictive performance of this approach several performance metrics are used. The experimental result shows that the MLSSCNN offers a superior predictive effect than other classifier
Particle-bound PAHs and Chemical Composition, Sources and Health Risk of PM2.5 in a Highly Industrialized Area

ABSTRACT PM2.5 monitoring campaigns were conducted in 2006, 2010, and 2011 in Tula de Hidalgo, Mexico, a highly industrialized area which includes a refinery, a thermoelectric power plant, five cement plants, limestone mining, and industrial waste combustion. These data establish baselines and trends against which later concentrations can be compared as emission reduction plans are implemented. PM2.5 mass, chemical composition, and 15 particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured at two sites. PM2.5 masses ranged from 26 to 31 µg m−3. Carbonaceous aerosols were the largest PM2.5 component, accounting for 47-57% of the mass. Approximately 40-51% of the carbonaceous aerosol was attributed to secondary organic carbon. Ionic species accounted for 40-44% of PM2.5, with sulfate being the dominant ion. The sum of particle-bound PAH concentrations ranged from 14−31 ng m−3. Six factors derived from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) explained ~ 85% of the PM2.5 variance. The derived factors were associated with sources based on marker species resulting in heavy-oil combustion (22% of variance), vehicle engine exhaust (13-19% of variance), fugitive dust (18% of variance), biomass burning (9-13% of variance), secondary aerosols (14% of variance), and industrial emissions (6-10% of variance). Combustion of solid waste (e.g., tires and industrial waste) of the recycling cement kilns and incinerators resulted in elevated toxic species such as, Cd, and Sb in the range of 0.02-0.3 µg m−3.A health risk assessment of carcinogenic trace elements was performed showing that the total cancer risk decreased for both children and adults in 2010/2011 (ranging from 3.5×10−6 to 6.0×10−5) as compared to 2006 (ranging from 8.6×10−7 to 5.7×10−6). The inhalation life-time cancer risk (ILCR) for particle-bound PAHs ranged from 8.6×10−5 to 1.2×10−4. Air quality can be improved by switching to cleaner fuels and benefit from the use of natural gas instead of fuel oil in the power plant.
Household welfare status and crop insurance uptake by cocoa farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria

This study examined the effect of welfare status on insurance uptake. The reason for the study is that formal insurance is still underutilized amongst farmers in Nigeria despite the incessant risk and uncertainties faced in agriculture. For this study, 200 households were randomly drawn from four local government areas of Ondo state through a 2-stage sampling technique. The analytical tools used were descriptive statistics and the Heckman selection model. The result obtained from the study showed that the risk coping strategies adopted by cocoa farmers in the study area included the use of pesticides, herbicides and manual weeding of their farms. Insurance awareness was low among cocoa farmers in the study area. Also, factors that influenced farmers’ decision to take insurance were years of formal education, distance of household from insurance company, access to extension agent and total land cultivated. Household size which was used as instrumental variable for welfare status was also significant in the model influenced farmers’ decision to take crop insurance. Key words: Heckman selection model, cocoa, risk, welfare, crop insurance.
DMSO_A_247221 1251..1258

Getachew Yideg Yitbarek, 1 Melaku Tadege Engidaw, 2 Belete Achamyelew Ayele, Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh, 4 Melkamu Tilahun Alamir Department of Biomedical Sciences (Medical Physiology), College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; Department of Social and Public Health (Human Nutrition), College of Health Sciences, Debre TaborUniversity, DebreTabor, Ethiopia; Wogeda Primary Hospital, Amhara Regional Health Bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Social and Public Health (Epidemiology), College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; Department of Biomedical Sciences (Medical Physiology), College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
Quantifying soil hydraulic properties and their uncertainties by modified GLUE method

Abstract Nonlinear least squares algorithm is commonly used to fit the evaporation experiment data and to obtain the ‘optimal’ soil hydraulic model parameters. But the major defects of nonlinear least squares algorithm include non-uniqueness of the solution to inverse problems and its inability to quantify uncertainties associated with the simulation model. In this study, it is clarified by applying retention curve and a modified generalised likelihood uncertainty estimation method to model calibration. Results show that nonlinear least squares gives good fits to soil water retention curve and unsaturated water conductivity based on data observed by Wind method. And meanwhile, the application of generalised likelihood uncertainty estimation clearly demonstrates that a much wider range of parameters can fit the observations well. Using the ‘optimal’ solution to predict soil water content and conductivity is very risky. Whereas, 95% confidence interval generated by generalised likelihood uncertainty estimation quantifies well the uncertainty of the observed data. With a decrease of water content, the maximum of nash and sutcliffe value generated by generalised likelihood uncertainty estimation performs better and better than the counterpart of nonlinear least squares. 95% confidence interval quantifies well the uncertainties and provides preliminary sensitivities of parameters.
Sickle erythrocytes enhance phenylephrine and histamine contractions of isolated rabbit carotid arteries

were placed in 20ml organ baths containing physiological salt solution (PSS) bubbled with 95% O2, 5% CO2, at 37C and pH 7.4 and isometric contractions measured, under an initial load of 2g. Arterial rings were equilibrated for 60 minutes and then exposed to 50μl of each of the erythrocyte constituents at an adjusted haematocrit of 0.6. The respective EC50 (M) values for phenylephrine (PE) and histamine (H) contractions in control carotid arterial rings were 5.1 (±1.4) x10 (n=7) and 6.3± (1.7) x10 (n=11). PE contractions were uninfluenced by Hb SS RBCs but significantly enhanced by RBCs from Hb AA and AS subjects: EC50 (M) = 7.3 (±6.6) x10, n=6 and 2.5 (±2.3) x 10, n=6 respectively. H contractions were significantly enhanced by only RBCs from Hb AS and SS subjects: EC50 values for H is 4.1 (±2.0) x 10, n=6 and 4.6 (± 2.1) x 10, n=7 respectively. The EC50 ratios for PE contractions following exposure to erythrocytes from Hb AA and AS subjects (6.94 and 2.032) respectively are greater than for H contractions following exposure to erythrocytes from Hb AA, AS subjects (0.971, 1.563) respectively, P<0.05. These ratios show greater enhancement of PE contractions in the order AA RBC > AS RBC. SS RBC did not significantly alter PE contractions but significantly enhanced H contractions. The greater RBC-induced enhancement of histamine contractions, compared with phenylephrine (in AS and SS), suggests a possible role for histamine in the increased vascular tone and vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease.
Comment on amt-2022-87 Anonymous Referee

The manuscript reports on a comparison between cloud Particle Size Distribution (PSD) and optical measurements of the backscatter coefficient. The former is provided by cloud probes (ECP), the latter from a short-range cloud Lidar (OID), both present onboard. Backscatter coefficients computed with Mie theory are compared to lidar-derived ones on four case studies, where 60 s flight segments, with each segment selected to represent a different meteorological condition (i.e. two liquid and two ice clouds), have been used. Of the four case studies, one (on a warm cloud) show a satisfactory comparison, while the remaining three are less satisfactory, albeit the two backscattering determinations remain within the Three Sigma Rule for all of the time when warm cloud are considered, and for part of the time when cold clouds are considered.
Consumption Tax Cuts in a Recession ∗

Consumption taxes are often used across OECD countries as fiscal stimulus tools during recessions. In this paper, I use an estimated structural life-cycle model featuring multiple consumption categories to assess the effectiveness of temporary cuts to the Value Added Tax (VAT) rates on non-durable luxuries and durables as stimulus instruments. I find a tax elasticity smaller than 1 for non-durable luxuries and a tax elasticity higher than 10 for durables. I show that the tax cut on non-durables has an intratemporal substitution effect on non-durables and an income effect on durables and savings, while the tax cut on durables acts through an intertemporal substitution mechanism in the purchase of durables that is stronger for high income, liquidity unconstrained, and younger households. Due to the partial irreversibility feature of durables, this mechanism is dampened if households anticipate higher future aggregate uncertainty. JEL Codes: D11, D15, E20, H20, H31.
A Single-Peak-Structured Solar Cycle Signal in Stratospheric Ozone based on Microwave Limb Sounder Observations and Model Simulations

Abstract. Until now our understanding of the 11-year solar cycle signal (SCS) in stratospheric ozone has been largely based on high quality but sparse ozone profiles from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II or coarsely resolved ozone profiles from the nadir-viewing Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Radiometer (SBUV) satellite instruments. Here, we analyse 16 years (2005–2020) of ozone profile measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on the Aura satellite to estimate the 11-year SCS in stratospheric ozone. Our analysis of Aura-MLS data suggests a single-peak-structured SCS profile (about 3 % near 4 hPa or 40 km) in tropical stratospheric ozone, which is significantly different to the SAGE II and SBUV-based double-peak-structured SCS. We also find that MLS-observed ozone variations are more consistent with ozone from our control model simulation that uses Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) v2 solar fluxes. However, in the lowermost stratosphere where modelled ozone shows a negligible SCS compared to about 1 % in Aura-MLS data. An ensemble of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and three regularised (Lasso, Ridge and ElasticNet) linear regression models confirms the robustness of the estimated SCS. Our analysis of MLS and model simulations also shows a large SCS in the Antarctic lower stratosphere that was not seen in earlier studies. We also analyse chemical transport model simulations with alternative solar flux data. We find that in the upper (and middle) stratosphere the model simulation with Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) satellite solar fluxes are also consistent with the MLS-derived SCS and agree well with the control simulation and one which uses Spectral and Total Irradiance Reconstructions (SATIRE) solar ﬂuxes. Hence, our model simulation suggests that with recent adjustments and corrections, SORCE solar ﬂuxes can be used to analyse effects of solar ﬂux variations. Finally, we argue that the overall signiﬁcantly different SCS compared to earlier estimates might be due to a combination of different factors such as much denser MLS measurements, almost linear stratospheric chlorine loading changes over the analysis period, as well as a stratospheric aerosol layer relatively unperturbed by major volcanic eruptions.
A new method of resolving annual precipitation for the past millennia from Tibetan ice cores

Abstract. Net accumulation records derived from ice cores provide the most direct measurement of past precipitation. However, quantitative reconstruction of accumulation for past millennia remains challenging due to the difficulty in identifying annual layers in the deeper sections of ice cores. In this study, we propose a new method to quantify annual accumulation from ice cores for past millennia, using as an example an ice core drilled at the Chongce ice cap in the northwestern Tibetan Plateau (TP). First, we used the Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) technology to develop an ultra-high-resolution trace element records in three sections of the ice core and identified annual layers in each section based on seasonality of these elements. Second, based on nine 14C ages determined for this ice core, we developed a two-parameter flow model to established the thinning parameter of this ice core. Finally, we converted the thickness of annual layers in the three sample sections to past accumulation rates based on the thinning parameter derived from the ice-flow model. Our results show that the mean annual accumulation rate for the three sample sections are 102 mm/year (2511–2541 a B.P.), 76 mm/year (1682–1697 a B.P.) and 84 mm/year (781–789 a B.P.). For comparison, the Holocene mean precipitation is 103 mm/year. This method has the potential to reconstruct continuous high-resolution precipitation records covering millennia or even longer time periods.
Previously titled: Biological effects of nicotine exposure: A narrative review of the scientific literature

The emergence of new tobacco heating products and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is changing the way humans are exposed to nicotine. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a broad overview of published scientific literature with respect to the effects of nicotine on three key health-related areas: 1) cardiovascular risk, 2) carcinogenesis and 3) reproductive outcomes. These areas are known to be particularly vulnerable to the effects of cigarette smoke, and in addition, nicotine has been hypothesized to play a role in disease pathogenesis. Acute toxicity will also be discussed. The literature to February 2019 suggests that there is no increased cardiovascular risk of nicotine exposure in consumers who have no underlying cardiovascular pathology. There is scientific consensus that nicotine is not a direct or complete carcinogen, however, it remains to be established whether it plays some role in human cancer propagation and metastasis. These cancer progression pathways have been proposed in models in vitro and in transgenic rodent lines in vivo but have not been demonstrated in cases of human cancer. Further studies are needed to determine whether nicotine is linked to decreased fertility in humans. The results from animal studies indicate that nicotine has the potential to act across many mechanisms during fetal development. More studies are needed to address questions regarding nicotine exposure in humans, and this may lead to additional guidance concerning new ENDS entering the market.
THE EFFECTS OF OXYTETRACYCLINE CHRONIC TOXICITY ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF D. MAGNA IN THE PRESENCE OF UV-B

Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic which is mainly used to improve the health of aquaculture and livestock animals, which is the reason why it is released into water bodies through the discharges of these industries potentially causing an imbalance in the freshwater ecosystems. Additionally, the depletion of stratospheric ozone has caused an increase in the levels of ultraviolet radiation, which can increase the toxicity of the drug, due to the interaction between oxytetracycline and the UV-B region of the electromagnetic spectrum in particular, thus deteriorating the conditions necessary for the survival of aquatic species. This work analyzes the toxicity of oxytetracycline in presence of UV-B radiation using model organism Daphnia magna and the impact of these stressors on the population development, and expands the subject with a mathematical model that explores its effects on freshwater ecosystems. A chronic test was performed by combined exposures of oxytetracycline and UV-B radiation. Results showed that the effect of the stressors significantly decreased the growth rate coinciding with the alterations identified in the reproduction, thus modifying the population dynamics. This was simulated with mathematical modeling which shows that both oxytetracycline and UV-B radiation are factors that reduce survival and modify the reproductive cycle of the model organism.
Variation of leaf water potential and leaf gas exchange parameters of seven Silver linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench) genotypes in urban environment

Differences between genotypes are considered to be the most important requisite for a resilient urban forest. Analyses of physiological traits, such as leaf water potential and leaf gas exchange could provide useful insight into the capacity of different species and genotypes to grow in harsh urban environments. In the present study, a variation of midday (Psmd) and predawn (Pspd) leaf water potential, net photosynthesis (A), rate of transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of seven Silver linden genotypes (Tilia tomentosa Moench), planted in the urban environment in Novi Sad, were examined. Analysis of variance and LSD tests were used to show differences between studied silver linden genotypes. The results showed significant differences for all observed leaf gas exchange parameters (A, E, gs, Ci, Pspd and Psmd) between genotypes. The results indicate better physiological performances of genotypes T3, in comparison to other observed genotypes under the prevailing environmental condition of the studied site in the urban environment.