Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotional State During the Post-Pandemic Period: Psychological Capital and Academic Engagement in University Students

This research aimed to analyze the relationship between psychological capital and the academic commitment of the university students of Madre de Dios (Peru) during the post-pandemic period. The approach was quantitative, the design was non-experimental and the type was descriptive-correlational of cross-sectional nature. The sample was made of 344 students to whom the Psychological Capital Questionnaire and the UWES-S Scale were applied, instruments with adequate levels of validity based on content and reliability. According to the results, the Spearman’s rho coefficient between the variables psychological capital and academic engagement was 0.786 and the p-value was lower than the significance level (p <0.05). In the same sense, it was determined that the correlation coefficients between psychological capital and the dedication, vigor and absorption dimensions were 0.802; 0.736 and 0.748 respectively, being statistically significant in all cases (p <0.05). Finally, it was concluded that a direct and significant relationship exists between psychological capital and academic engagement
Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in University Students at the University of Extremadura: A Cross-Sectional Study

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. The aim of our study was to detect people susceptible to DM among a university population aged 18 to 45 years and analyze the existence of modifiable risk factors in order to implement prevention programs, in addition to analyzing BMI data related to the variables under study. We proposed a descriptive, cross-sectional study following the recommendations of cross-sectional studies (STROBE), with a sample of 341 subjects, students enrolled at the University of Extremadura, carried out by two researchers. The research protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the University of Extremadura (165/2021). The study considered the Findrisk questionnaire in Spanish, validated by the Blackboard Study, a stadiometer to measure height, a bioimpedance meter to evaluate weight and body composition parameters, and a blood pressure monitor to measure blood pressure. The results indicated that the participants had a low risk of suffering T2DM. The highest Findrisk test scores were found in those with a BMI value above 25, lower physical activity, poor dietary intake of fruits and vegetables, and increased fat mass. Our future research will be the implementation of T2DM prevention programs, acting on modifiable factors.
Analysis of hydrogeodynamics in a mining region during exploitation till closure of coal mines

The paper presents the results of studies concerning changes of hydrogeodynamics in the re- gion of Central Donbass (Ukraine). The active mines are expected to be closed within the next twenty years, which requires predictive estimations for hydrogeodynamic trends in mined out strata. The studies were per- formed by numerical modeling of regional ground water flow. The model allowed reproducing paleo- hydrogeological conditions during pre-mining time, which is highly important to assess the impacts of the exploitation period. The predictive parametrical estimations were analyzed for different scenarios of mine closure. The proposed technical schemes include local draining and grouping of mine drainage; they aim eventually at self-draining of the post-mining region.
Decomposed Deep Q-Network for Coherent Task-Oriented Dialogue Policy Learning

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a key technique for designing dialogue policies. However, action space inflation in dialogue tasks has led to a heavy decision burden and incoherence problems for dialogue policies. In this paper, we propose a novel decomposed deep Q-network (D2Q) that exploits the natural structure of dialogue actions to perform decomposition on Q-function, realizing efficient and coherent dialogue policy learning. Instead of directly evaluating the Q-function, it consists of two separate estimators, one for the abstract action-value functions and the other for the specific action-value functions, both sharing a common feature layer. The abstract action-value function determines the speech act of the system action, while the specific action-value function focuses on the concrete action. This structure establishes a logical relationship between the user and the system on speech actions, avoiding the problem of incoherence. Moreover, the abstract action-value function shields unreasonable specific actions in the inflated action space, reducing the decision complexity. Our results show that the problem of incoherence is prevalent in existing approaches, which significantly impacts the efficiency and quality of dialogue policy learning. Our D2Q architecture alleviates this problem and performs significantly better than competitive baselines in both evaluated and human experiments. Further experiments validate the generality of our method. It can be easily extended to other RL-based dialogue policy approaches.
The Influence Of Role Ambiguity On Employee Creativity Through Role Conflict As An Intervening Variable

Roles that are ambiguous, do not have clear specifications and functions, along with role conflicts that often clash, researchers believe will increase employee creativity because employees must improve from the problems/conflicts they have so that their performance is good, the company's performance is good, and they can be trusted in many tasks / targets that a company has. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of Role Ambiguity on Employee Creativity with Role Conflict as a moderating variable. This research is a quantitative research, with an explanatory approach which researchers obtained from collecting questionnaires from Pegadaian insurance employees spread throughout Indonesia with the criteria of having worked for at least 1 year. This data can also be called primary data. The data was analyzed using the smart PLS 4.0 analysis tool. The results show the Role Ambiguity variable can have a positive relationship and a significant influence on Employee Creativity because the -Values value is positive and is below the 0.05 significance level, namely 0.024. Apart from that show that the Role Conflict variable can moderate the relationship between Role Ambiguity and Employee Creativity because the P-Values value is positive and has a value below the significance level of 0.05, namely 0.000, which is smaller than the direct test of 0.024. In this way, the two research hypotheses above can be accepted and proven comprehensively and scientifically.
CH4 exchanges of the natural ecosystems in China during the past three decades: The role of wetland extent and its dynamics

CH4 is the second largest contributor to human‐induced global warming. However, large uncertainties still exist regarding the magnitude and temporal variation of CH4 exchanges in China's natural ecosystems, especially under climate changes. In this study, we assessed its uncertainty and temporal variation during 1979–2012, by integrating a biogeochemical model, extensive in situ measurements, and various sources of wetland maps. Uncertainty analyses suggested that previous studies might have underestimated CH4 emissions, primarily due to bias in wetland extents in NE China. After that, 1 km resolution wetland maps were used to drive the model, together with a 0.1° resolution climate data set. The model showed that China's natural wetlands emitted 4.56 ± 1.24 Tg CH4 yr−1 during the 1980s, which decreased to 3.86 ± 1.09 Tg CH4 yr−1 in the 2000s, mainly due to wetland drainage in NE China. However, recent glacier‐melt‐induced wetland expansion has enhanced CH4 emissions by 28% on the Tibetan Plateau since the 1980s. The magnitude of CH4 uptake by the natural ecosystems has remained relatively stable, e.g., −2.57 ± 0.18 and −2.70 ± 0.19 Tg CH4 yr−1 in the 1980s and 2000s, respectively. In summary, the net CH4 balance of China's natural ecosystems has shown a decreasing pattern, i.e., 1.99 ± 1.42 and 1.16 ± 1.28 Tg CH4 yr−1 in the 1980s and 2000s, respectively, despite distinct regional differences between NE China and the Tibetan Plateau. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the correct representation of wetland extent and its dynamics, i.e., wetland drainage in populated regions and wetland expansion in glacier‐fed regions, in driving the decadal CH4 exchange magnitude.
Experimental Analysis of Adiabatic Silicon Photonic Microring Resonators Under Process Variations

This letter delves into the design and experimental analysis of adiabatic silicon photonic microring resonators (MRRs) under fabrication-process variations (FPVs). Compared to conventional MRRs, our experimental results captured by automatically characterizing over 550 fabricated devices highlight the superior performance of adiabatic MRRs to achieve better resonance-wavelength uniformity with 70% reduction on average in MRRs’ resonance-wavelength shift. Additionally, adiabatic MRRs outperform conventional ones in other key metrics like uniformity in Quality (Q)-factor and extinction ratio. The adoption of adiabatic MRRs offers more robustness under FPVs and tuning-power savings, thus paving the way for more energy-efficient and scalable photonic integrated circuits (PICs).
Stability and fate of ferrihydrite during episodes of water/rock interactions on early Mars: An experimental approach

The presence on the surface of Mars of ferrihydrite, a nanocrystalline iron oxide species, has long been suspected from spectroscopic observations and is further suggested by recent results from the Mars Exploration Rovers and Mars Science Laboratory robotic missions. However, because ferrihydrite is a metastable species in terrestrial environments, it is unclear what would have been its fate during episodes of water/rock interactions that are known to have occurred at the landing sites of the above‐mentioned robotic missions. Accordingly, the laboratory experiments presented in this paper investigate the recrystallization of ferrihydrite under various conditions applicable to early Mars. These included low‐temperature experiments (1 month at 40°C) at pH ranging from circum‐neutral to strongly acidic, and high‐temperature experiments (8 days at 150°C) at circum‐neutral pH. The effect of mixtures with other mineral phases (namely, amorphous silica and olivine) was also tested. Results obtained at low temperature are at odds with some earlier studies and suggest that ferrihydrite behaves differently in rock‐dominated conditions compared to water‐dominated conditions. The coexistence of amorphous silica favored the formation of jarosite under low‐temperature, acidic conditions, whereas a sample of pure ferrihydrite produced only goethite under the same conditions. At high temperature, ferrihydrite converted into hematite in all samples, but the ferrihydrite‐silica mixture led to hematite with much broader diffraction peaks than other experiments, indicating an inhibiting effect of dissolved silica on the recrystallization process. The implications of these results for the aqueous history of early Mars are discussed.
Quantitative assessment of retinal vasculature changes in systemic lupus erythematosus using wide-field OCTA and the correlation with disease activity

Purpose To assess the retinal vasculature changes quantitatively using wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and explore its correlation with systemic clinical features. Design Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Participants and controls Patients with SLE who presented to the Ophthalmology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2022 to April 2023 were collected. The subjects were divided into retinopathy and without retinopathy groups. Age and gender-matched healthy subjects were selected as controls. Methods Patients with SLE and control subjects were imaged with 24×20 mm OCTA scans centered on the fovea and 6×6 mm OCTA scans centered on the optic disc. The sub-layers of OCTA images were stratified by the built-in software of the device and then the retinal thickness and vessel density were measured automatically. The characteristics of retinal OCTA parameters of SLE and its correlation with systemic clinical indicators of patients without retinopathy were analyzed. Main outcome measures OCTA parameters, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and systemic clinical indicators of patients such as disease activity index, autoimmune antibodies, and inflammatory marker levels were collected. Results A total of 102 SLE patients were included, 24 of which had retinopathy, and 78 had unaffected retina. Wide-field OCTA could effectively detect retinal vascular obstruction, non-perfusion area, and morphological abnormalities in patients with lupus retinopathy. SLE patients without retinopathy had significantly higher retinal superficial vessel density (SVD) in foveal (P=0.02), para-foveal temporal (P=0.01), nasal (P=0.01), peripheral foveal temporal (P=0.02), and inferior areas (P=0.02), as well as subregion temporal (P=0.01) and inferior areas (P=0.03) when compared with healthy controls (n=65 eyes from 65 participants). The area under curve (AUC) value of subregion inferior SVD combined parafoveal temporal SVD was up to 0.70. There was a significantly positive correlation between SVD and disease activity in SLE without retinopathy group. Patients with severe activity had the most significant increase in SVD. Conclusion Wide-field OCTA can provide a relatively comprehensive assessment of the retinal vasculature in SLE. In the absence of pathological changes of the retina, the SVD was significantly increased and was positively correlated with the disease activity of SLE.
An Implementation of Patient Safety Program at Hospital Royal Prima Medan in 2021

: This research aims to know and analyze the implementation of the Patient Safety program and the factors that influence it at the Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2021. This research is a mixed methods research that is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. The research informants consisted of 1 person from the hospital health committee, 1 head of the inpatient ward, and 4 implementing nurses in the inpatient ward. The population is all implementing nurses in the inpatient rooms as many as 319 people. the sample was taken using the Taro Yamane formula for as many as 76 people. Data collection techniques through interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis methods consist of qualitative analysis with descriptive methods and quantitatively using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis using p multiple linear regression equation. The results of the study that the implementation of the patient safety program at the Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2021 is quite good; there is an influence of the knowledge, attitude, workload, and supervision of the head of the room on the implementation of the Patient Safety program at the Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2021.
Anisotropic Diffusion of Elongated Particles in Active Coherent Flows

The study of particle diffusion, a classical conundrum in scientific inquiry, holds manifold implications for various real-world applications. Particularly within the domain of active flows, where the motion of self-propelled particles instigates fluid movement, extensive research has been dedicated to unraveling the dynamics of passive spherical particles. This scrutiny has unearthed intriguing phenomena, such as superdiffusion at brief temporal scales and conventional diffusion at longer intervals. In contrast to the spherical counterparts, anisotropic particles, which manifest directional variations, are prevalent in nature. Although anisotropic behavior in passive fluids has been subject to exploration, enigmatic aspects persist in comprehending the interplay of anisotropic particles within active flows. This research delves into the intricacies of anisotropic passive particle diffusion, exposing a notable escalation in translational and rotational diffusion coefficients, as well as the superdiffusion index, contingent upon bacterial concentration. Through a detailed examination of particle coordinates, the directional preference of particle diffusion is not solely dependent on the particle length, but rather determined by the ratio of the particle length to the associated length scale of the background flow field. These revelations accentuate the paramount importance of unraveling the nuances of anisotropic particle diffusion within the context of active flows. Such insights not only contribute to the fundamental understanding of particle dynamics, but also have potential implications for a spectrum of applications.
Growth and maturity of Indianoil sardine Sardinella longiceps(Valenciennes, 1847) along southwestcoast of India

Growth studies are important to determine the total recruitment of fish with respect to time while information on age and length at first maturity are essential to assess the spawning stock. The present communication deals with growth, maturity and mortality parameters of Indian oil sardine Sardinella longiceps from southwest coast of India. Length at first maturity of oil sardine was found to be 15.7 and 15.2 cm for male and female, respectively. Comparison of length at first maturity of oil sardine with earlier studies showed only minor variations. The growth parameters L∞, K, and age at zero length (t0) were calculated as 19.8 cm, 1.14 yr-1 and -0.0464 respectively. From the VBG equation, the length attained at the end of I, II and III year is estimated as 13.79, 17.87 and 18.9 cm respectively. Two peaks of recruitment to the fishery were observed. The values of total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) estimated are 4.33, 2.7 and 1.6 respectively. The exploitation rate was found to be 0.37.
A glaciogenic sequence from the Early Pleistocene of the Central North Sea

A depositional sequence bounded by upper and lower erosion surfaces covering a 35‐km × 20‐km area within the northern embayment of the Early Pleistocene Central North Sea is dated close to the Jaramillo Normal sub‐chron at approximately 1.0–1.1 Ma. The basal surface cuts shallow marine clays of the upper Nordland Group and is characterized by furrow incisions, mega‐scale glacial lineation textures and bedforms that are all orientated NNW–SSE. The sequence comprises a suite of distinctive bedforms, including a chaotic deposit up to 60 m thick, a series of moulded and lineated depositional bodies and some more complex bedforms, with lithologies shown by petrophysical data to be dominated by overconsolidated clays and thin sand layers. This sequence is considered to represent deposition from the advance and subsequent decay of a marine‐terminating ice‐sheet. The upper surface of the sequence coincides with the so‐called ‘Crenulate Reflection’ and is characterized by a fluvial channel system, representing final retreat of the ice‐sheet, which was followed by shallow marine conditions and deposition of the Aberdeen Ground Formation. It is considered that the Aberdeen Ground Formation comprises at least two main sequences spanning the Early to Middle Pleistocene.
Pseudomonas taetrolens ULE-PH5 and Pseudomonas sp. ULE-PH6 Isolated from the Hop Rhizosphere Increase Phosphate Assimilation by the Plant

Most of the phosphorus incorporated into agricultural soils through the use of fertilizers precipitates in the form of insoluble salts that are incapable of being used by plants. This insoluble phosphorus present in large quantities in soil forms the well-known “phosphorus legacy”. The solubilization of this “phosphorus legacy” has become a goal of great agronomic importance, and the use of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria would be a useful tool for this purpose. In this work, we have isolated and characterized phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of hop plants. Two particular strains, Pseudomonas taetrolens ULE-PH5 and Pseudomonas sp. ULE-PH6, were selected as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria due to their high phosphate solubilization capability in both plate and liquid culture assays and other interesting traits, including auxin and siderophore production, phytate degradation, and acidic and alkaline phosphatase production. These strains were able to significantly increase phosphate uptake and accumulation of phosphorus in the aerial part (stems, petioles, and leaves) of hop plants, as determined by greenhouse trials. These strains are promising candidates to produce biofertilizers specifically to increase phosphate adsorption by hop plants.
Matrix metalloproteinase‑1 and microRNA‑486‑5p in urinary exosomes can be used to detect early lung cancer: A preliminary report

The present study describes a novel molecular-genetic method suitable for lung cancer (LC) screening in the work-place and at community health centers. Using urinary-isolated exosomes from 35 patients with LC and 40 healthy volunteers, the expression ratio of MMP-1/CD63, and the relative expression levels of both microRNA (miRNA)-21 and miRNA-486-5p were measured. MMP-1/CD63 expression ratio was significantly higher in patients with LC than in the healthy controls {1.342 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.890–1.974] vs. 0.600 (0.490–0.900); P<0.0001}. The relative expression of miRNA-486-5p in male healthy controls was significantly different from that in female healthy controls, whereas there was no significant difference in miRNA-21. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis of MMP-1/CD63 showed 92.5% sensitivity and 54.3% specificity, whereas miRNA-486-5p showed 85% sensitivity and 70.8% specificity for men, and 70.0% sensitivity and 72.7% specificity for women. The logistic regression model used to evaluate the association of LC with the combination of MMP-1/CD63 and miRNA-486-5p revealed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.954 (95% CI: 0.908–1.000), and the model had 89% sensitivity and 88% specificity after adjusting for age, sex and smoking status. These data suggested that the combined analysis of MMP-1/CD63 and miRNA-486-5p in urinary exosomes may be used to detect patients with early-stage LC in the work-place and at community health centers, although confirmational studies are warranted.
A melting glacier feeds aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates with ancient carbon and supports early succession

ABSTRACT More than 5000-yr-old organic material was released by a melting glacier in central southern Norway. The ancient carbon was bioavailable and supported early food chains. This was shown through high radiocarbon age in living aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates. Young ponds acted as biological oases, where ancient carbon was assimilated by larvae of various Diptera: mainly Chironomidae, but also Tipulidae and Limoniidae. Within ponds, even predatory diving beetles had a high radiocarbon age. Adult chironomid midges with a radiocarbon age of 1040 yr transported ancient carbon to terrestrial predators among beetles, spiders, and harvestmen. Ancient carbon was also assimilated by chironomid larvae downstream in the glacier-fed river, and radiocarbon dating of chironomid larvae from glacial rivers will thus be an easy way to check whether a given glacier releases bioavailable ancient carbon. Our study indicates that the ancient organic particles were very small. We refer to studies from other countries showing that glaciers collect and release ancient carbon in the form of tiny, long-transported and biodegradable aerosol particles, which stem from the incomplete combustion of radiocarbon-depleted fossil fuels. All our results would fit with this mechanism.