Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Endorsement of Traditional Masculine Ideology by South African Navy Men: A Research Report

Although the study of masculinity/ies in South Africa has been a point of academic interest, especially since the fall of apartheid; there has been little focus on masculinity/ies peculiar to the South African military establishment. Where there has been, this has focused on the army environment and adopted a smaller-scale qualitative approach. In contrast, this study focuses on the South African Navy. The study provides a brief report of findings from the administration of a traditional masculine ideology scale with 1,185 South African navy men, between 19 and 59 years of age (mean of 25 years). Descriptive statistics, a multiple regression analysis, one-sample t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were run to analyze the data. Results demonstrated that this sample of navy men significantly endorsed constructs of self-sufficiency, physical toughness, and emotional restrictedness, as dimensions of traditional masculine ideology. Avoidance of femininity and risk-taking were not significantly endorsed.
Entrepreneurial ecosystem knowledge spillover in the face of institutional voids: groups, issues, and actions

ABSTRACT The presence or absence of formal institutions impacts entrepreneurship potential and influences the paths of entrepreneurial ventures. When institutions are lacking or weak, institutional voids may be present. Knowledge spillover can mitigate problems caused by institutional voids by substituting for such voids or through sharing information about navigating these environments. We study the associated impacts on entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship ecosystems and how knowledge spillover is valuable within entrepreneurial ecosystems with institutional voids. Non-institutional drivers of entrepreneurship and examples of specific actions that are taken to stimulate entrepreneurship are also explored as a means of better understanding entrepreneurship activity within weak or failing institutions. To assess knowledge spillover in an entrepreneurial ecosystem with institutional voids, the U.S. city of Detroit, Michigan was selected and a content analysis was conducted using news articles related to “Detroit” and “entrepreneurship” from 2006–2018. The findings present valuable insights for cities or regions facing similar situations.
Static and Dynamic Characterization and Control of a High-Performance Electro-Hydraulic Actuator

This paper characterizes the static, dynamic, and controlled behavior of a high-performance electro-hydraulic actuator to assess its suitability for use in evaluating machine tool behavior. The actuator consists of a double-acting piston and cylinder arrangement controlled by a servo valve and a separate rear chamber controlled by a separate valve, designed to work in conjunction to generate static forces of up to 7000 N that can be superposed with dynamic forces of up to ±1500 N. This superposition of periodic forces with a non-zero mean makes the actuator capable of applying realistic loading conditions like those experienced by machines during cutting processes. To characterize the performance of this actuator, linearized static and dynamic models are described. Since experiments with the actuator exhibit nonlinear characteristics, the linearized static model is expanded to include the influence of nonlinearities due to flow, leakages, saturations, and due to friction and hysteresis. Since all major nonlinearities are accounted for in the expanded static model, the dynamical model remains linear. Unknown static and dynamical model parameters are calibrated from experiments, and the updated models are observed to capture experimentally observed behavior very well. Validated models are used to tune the proportional and integral gains for the closed-loop control strategy, and the model-based tuning in turn guides appropriate closed-loop control of the actuator to increase its bandwidth to 200 Hz. The statically and dynamically characterized actuator can aid machine tool structural testing. Moreover, the validated models can instruct the design and development of other higher-performance electro-hydraulic actuators, guide the conversion of the actuator into a damper, and also test other advanced control strategies to further improve actuator performance.
Validating Vignette Designs with Real-world Data: A Study of Legal Mobilization in Response to Land Grievances in Rural China

Abstract How well do vignette designs capture actual behaviour in the real world? This study employs original survey data featuring both hypothetical vignettes and behavioural questions in order to assess the external validity of descriptive and causal inferences in survey experiments. The survey was conducted in a three-province, probability-proportional-to-size sample of 1,897 rural residents in China and focuses on the legal mobilization of citizens in response to grievances involving land rights. In terms of descriptive inference, we find that relative to the behavioural benchmark, hypothetical vignettes significantly over-estimate legal mobilization in response to a grievance, particularly for higher-cost actions like petitioning the government and litigating in court. We find that data from hypothetical vignettes affect causal inference as well, producing significantly different results regarding the effect of political connections and legal knowledge on legal mobilization. The study makes a contribution by identifying conditions under which hypothetical vignettes are less likely to produce valid inference. It engages a rich literature on disputing and legal mobilization in the field of Chinese politics and helps to resolve debates over the role of political connections and legal knowledge.
Factors affecting the transition from university to work in selected Malaysian cities: is a public university degree a disadvantage?

ABSTRACT Massive investments in higher education have witnessed a proliferation of public and private universities in Malaysia. A parallel development of concern is the view that public university graduates are finding it more difficult than their private university counterparts in transiting from university to work. To test the empirical veracity of this widely expressed belief, data from 441 currently employed graduates from three major urban centres were analysed to determine factors that increased the probability of securing permanent employment within six months of graduation, the officially used cut-off period. While the findings indicated that the transition is eased largely by personal endeavours (other than being Chinese) such as mastering English, attaining a high GPA, and participating in extracurricular activities, we also found a negative association between having a public university qualification and the length taken to secure the first permanent job. We discuss the implications of these findings for Malaysian education policy. If a public university degree indeed disadvantages a graduate in transiting to work, it would undermine the role of public universities as avenues for the upward social mobility of students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Additionally, the large expenditures on public universities would appear to be misallocated.
Knowledge And Practice regarding Care of Postnatal Mother Among The Familycare Giver At Scheer Memorial Adventist Hospital Banepa, Kavre, Nepal

Globally, postnatal period is crucial period in which most of the maternal and neonatal death occur due to wrong practice and knowledge most of which occur in developing country. The practice of postnatal care is increasing daily after proper knowledge and awareness on postnatal care. A research entitled “Knowledge and practice regarding Care of Postnatal Mother among the family care giver at Scheer Memorial Adventist Hospital, Banepa, Kavre” was conducted to assess the knowledge and practice of postnatal care. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted in total 100 samples using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using pretested (r=0.82) face-toface interview schedule with structured and semi-structured Nepali version questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS version 21 by using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as t test and ANOVA test. The study shows, mean age of the respondents was 38.75±10.18. The overall mean knowledge score was 36.8±5.77 with maximum score 44 and minimum score 24 out of total possible score 44 and overall mean practice score was 11.45±1.25 with maximum score 14 and minimum score 6 out of total possible score 14. The study was significant on the basis of previous experience as a care giver (p=0.03) knowledge while doing t-test and age (p=0.021) mean practice while doing ANOVA test. The mean and SD of total knowledge score of respondents with previous experience was 36.74±3.52 and without previous experience as a care giver was 36.04±0.54. The overall mean knowledge score was 36.8±5.77 and overall mean practice score was 11.45±1.25. The study finding shows that the level of knowledge increases the level of practice . Therefore , based on the finding of the study , the postnatal care can be improved by providing various awareness programs to the family members and care givers.
Agility and lean practices as antecedents of supply chain social sustainability

PurposeThe present study aims to empirically investigate whether supply chain agility and lean management practices are antecedents of supply chain social sustainability.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 311 supply chain practitioners from the Indian manufacturing sector. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to test the validity and reliability of the measures used, and a structural model was analyzed to test the hypotheses of the current study.FindingsThe results indicate that agility and lean practices are significant antecedents of social sustainability orientation as well as social sustainability performance. The results also suggest that agility has a significant indirect effect on operational performance via social sustainability orientation, basic social sustainability practices as well as agility is indirectly affecting social sustainability performance via social sustainability orientation and basic social sustainability practices.Practical implicationsThe results of the present study have implications for managers that want to make their supply chain more socially sustainable.Originality/valueThe study is unique in the sense that it empirically links agility and lean practices with social sustainability orientation, social substantiality performance and operational performance in supply chains.
Effect of Ni/Si mass ratio on microstructure and properties of Cu–Ni–Si alloy

Cu–Ni–Si alloys with 94 wt% Cu content and different Ni/Si mass ratios were prepared by hot pressing sintering, and then solution treatment and ageing treatment were also performed. Microstructure and phase composition along with electrical conductivity and hardness of the alloys under different treating condition was studied, and then the influence of Ni/Si mass ratio was discussed. Results showed that the as-sintered Cu–Ni–Si alloys mainly consisted of α-Cu matrix and some Ni31Si12 particles at the grain boundary as well as δ-Ni2Si phases inside the matrix. After solution treatment, most of the Ni–Si compounds decomposed, but δ-Ni2Si precipitates from the matrix after ageing treatment. With increasing Ni/Si mass ratio, the electrical conductivity and hardness of the alloys increases firstly and then decreases, while a highest combination of them achieved when the mass ratio of Ni/Si was 4:1. The effect of Ni/Si ratio on the electrical conductivity of Cu–Ni–Si alloys can be mainly ascribed to the residual content of Ni/Si in the Cu matrix after ageing treatment. When the mass ratio of Ni/Si is equal to the atomic ratio of δ-Ni2Si phase, most of the Ni and Si atoms would precipitates as δ-Ni2Si, and then the electrical conductivity reaches the highest value.
Chinese high-tech foreign direct investments in the EU – trends and policy responses

This paper aims to examine the trends of Chinese high-tech acquisitions in the EU countries, describe the policies that these acquisitions prompted on the level of member states and the EU, and analyze the effects of these policy responses. The results of the research review clearly show an increasing number of takeovers of European companies in the high-tech sectors, especially in the big member states such as Germany, France, or the UK. This created a backlash from the European policymakers that led to an introduction of tighter screening regimes in many EU member states and the creation of a common EU framework for FDI screening and its strategic management. At this point, it is hard to evaluate the complete effect of this new framework, but it must be concluded that 82 percent of the Chinese strategic acquisitions made in 2018 would fall under at least one criterion of the new EU framework. The findings of this paper provide sound recommendations for the EU countries and their public authorities targeting to control Chinese outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and limit the acquisition of local companies in sensitive industries. On the other hand, the coming recession may put at least a temporary halt on Chinese acquisitions of the European companies. Acknowledgment This paper is the partial result of the GAAA – Grantová agentura Akademické alliance grant project No. GA/6/2019 – Strategic Performance Management of Companies and Multinational Corporations in the Context of Globalization and Sustainability.
The temporal and spatial expression of sclerostin and Wnt signaling factors during the maturation of posterolateral lumbar spine fusions

The bone healing environment in the posterolateral spine following arthrodesis surgery is one of the most challenging in all of orthopedics and our understanding of the molecular signaling pathways mediating osteogenesis during spinal fusion is limited. In this study, the spatial and temporal expression pattern of Wnt signaling factors and inhibitors during spinal fusion was assessed for the first time. Bilateral posterolateral spine arthrodesis with autologous iliac crest bone graft was performed on 21 New Zealand White rabbits. At 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 4‐, and 6‐weeks, the expression of sclerostin and a variety of canonical and noncanonical Wnts signaling factors was measured by qRT‐PCR from tissue separately collected from the transverse processes, the Outer and Inner Zones of the fusion mass, and the adjancent paraspinal muscle. Immunohistochemistry for sclerostin protein was also performed. Sclerostin and many Wnt factors, especially Wnt3a and Wnt5a, were found to have distinct spatial and temporal expression patterns. For example, harvesting ICBG caused a significant increase in sclerostin expression. Furthermore, the paraspinal muscle immediately adjacent to the transplanted ICBG also had significant increases in sclerostin expression at 3 weeks, suggesting new potential mechanisms for pseudarthroses following spinal arthrodesis. The presented work is the first description of the spatial and temporal expression of sclerostin and Wnt signaling factors in the developing spine fusion, filling an important knowledge gap in the basic biology of spinal fusion and potentially aiding in the development of novel biologics to increase spinal fusion rates.
Burdens and Quality of Life of Chronic Disease Patients’ Family Caregivers: A Systematic Review

Chronic illness is a disease that requires long-term treatment and care. Chronic illnesses have a big impact not only on patients but also on family caregivers which can affect the quality of life and even become a burden on family caregivers. This systematic review aims to find out the view of burdens and quality of life of chronic disease patients’ family caregivers. Qualitative research with a systematic review approach using content analysis with a search method was used. It also used an electronic data base consisting of ProQuest, PubMed, Google Scholar, science direct, and Springer. This research journals focused on the problems and quality of life of chronic disease patients’ family caregivers that can be accessed in full text by the publishing year of 2010-2019. Research on the problems and quality of life of chronic disease patients’ family caregivers has been carried out in several countries with different methods. The results of a systematic review illustrate that the majority of family caregivers are women and are patients’ spouse. The problems of family caregivers in providing care to patients with chronic diseases are at moderate to high levels with factors that affect the level of education, patients’ quality of life, relationships with patients, and family support. In addition, the quality of life of family caregivers is at moderate to low levels with factors that affect the relationship with the patient, the patient's age and condition, level of education, religion, emotional distress, and family and social support. The higher the problem of family caregivers is, the lower the quality of life will be. Family caregivers have high problems with low quality of life. Future studies are expected to determine supportive care to ease the burden and improve the quality of life of chronic disease patients’ family caregivers.
Relationship between upper limb motor function and activities of daily living after removing the influence of lower limb motor function in subacute patients with stroke: A cross-sectional study

Background Previous studies have reported a relationship between upper limb motor function and activities of daily living. However, their relationship after removing the influence of lower limb motor function has not been clarified. Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb and total Functional Independence Measure motor score and between Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb and each item contained in Functional Independence Measure motor score after eliminating the influence of the motor function of the affected lower limb. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included 58 subacute stroke patients. To investigate the relationship between the Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb and total Functional Independence Measure motor score before and after removing the influence of Fugl-Meyer assessment lower limb, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and partial correlation analysis were used. Additionally, the relationship between Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb and each item of Functional Independence Measure motor score after removing the influence was assessed. Results Before removing the influence of Fugl-Meyer assessment lower limb, Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb was strongly correlated with total Functional Independence Measure motor score (r = 0.74, p < 0.001). However, it became weak after removing the influence (r = 0.27, p = 0.04). Regarding each item of Functional Independence Measure motor score, Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb was correlated with grooming (r = 0.27, p = 0.04), bathing (r = 0.28, p = 0.03), dressing upper body (r = 0.33, p = 0.01), dressing lower body (r = 0.31, p = 0.02), and stair-climbing (r = 0.31, p = 0.02) after removing the influence. Conclusion These findings suggest that the relationship between the upper limb motor function and activities of daily living is strongly influenced by lower limb motor function.
Effect of Ulva lactuca Aqueous Extract on Growth, Minerals, Chlorophyll Content, Rubisco Activity and Rubisco Activase in Zea mays Seedlings

The present study aimed to investigate the biological effects of different concentrations of Ulva lactuca aqueous extract (ULAE) on the growth parameters and biochemical characteristics of Zea mays. The ULAE was applied by foliar spray or directly added to the growth medium of maize plant cultivated in hydroponic system. The growth parameters (shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and seedling length), minerals, biochemical constituents (chlorophyll content, the activity of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco), and the detection of Rubisco activase (rca1) gene in seedlings of Zea mays hybrid line (M10) were determined. ULAE was characterized by high abundance of calcium (3255.86 ppm) followed by potassium (287.9 ppm). Among the different treatments, 0.5% and 1% concentration of ULAE as foliar spray exhibited significant effects on growth parameters and biochemical constitutions of the Zea mays seedlings. However, at the higher concentration of ULAE (5%), inhibitory effects were observed. Moreover, as a foliar spray, ULAE at 0.5% and 1% concentration showed a significant effect on seedling length.
The Economic Impacts of Covid-19: Evidence from a New Public Database Built Using Private Sector Data

We build a publicly available database that tracks economic activity at a granular level in real time using anonymized data from private companies. We report daily statistics on consumer spending, business revenues, employment rates, and other key indicators disaggregated by ZIP code, industry, income group, and business size. Using these data, we study how COVID-19 a? ected the economy by analyzing heterogeneity in its impacts. We ? rst show that high-income individuals reduced spending sharply in mid-March 2020, particularly in areas with high rates of COVID-19 infection and in sectors that require in-person interaction. This reduction in spending greatly reduced the revenues of small businesses in a? uent ZIP codes. These businesses laid o? many of their employees, leading to widespread job losses especially among low-wage workers in a? uent areas. High-wage workers experienced a “V-shaped” recession that lasted a few weeks, whereas low-wage workers experienced much larger job losses that persisted for several months. Building on this diagnostic analysis, we estimate the causal e? ects of policies aimed at mitigating the adverse impacts of COVID-19. State-ordered reopenings of economies had small impacts on spending and employment. Stimulus payments to low-income households increased consumer spending sharply, but little of this increased spending ? owed to businesses most a? ected by the COVID-19 shock, dampening its impacts on employment. Paycheck Protection Program loans increased employment at small businesses by only 2%, implying a cost of $377,000 per job saved. These results suggest that traditional macroeconomic tools – stimulating aggregate demand or providing liquidity to businesses – have diminished capacity to restore employment when consumer spending is constrained by health concerns. During a pandemic, it may be more fruitful to mitigate economic hardship through social insurance. More broadly, this analysis shows how public statistics constructed from private sector data can support many research and policy analyses without compromising privacy, providing a new tool for empirical macroeconomics.
Measuring Moroccan English Department University Students’ (Meta) Cognitive Awareness and Usage of Reading Strategies

Grounded in an exploratory research design, the current study is centrally aimed at gauging the Moroccan English department learnersi¯ awareness and use of cognitive and metacognitive reading strategies (RSs). It seeks to determine the extent to which EFL learners are (meta) cognitively conscious of the use of text-based strategies. To put a bright spotlight on this issue and disclose EFL learnersi¯ dynamic potential pertaining to metacognitive strategy knowledge, a sample of sixty-three (63) EFL learners majoring in English Studies (first-semester) were targeted. The obtained data were gathered by means of the retrospective questionnaire (RQ) and the reading comprehension texts (e.g., narrative, expository). The overall findings manifestly show that Moroccan EFL learnersi¯ (meta) cognitive strategy awareness and usage are characterized by insufficiency. Thus, a range of implied suggestions related to the EFL learnersi¯ reading strategy consciousness and use in academic textual reading are put forward and some encountered research limitations are stated.