Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morpho-anatomical and palynological properties of Acanthoprasium integrifolium (Benth.) Ryding (Lamiaceae), endemic to Cyprus

: This study aimed to describe the morphological, anatomical and palynological properties of Acanthoprasium integrifolium (Benth.) Ryding, which is endemic in Cyprus. Plant samples were collected from Northern Cyprus. Morphological observations were made using a binocular stereo microscope with a drawing tube. For anatomical studies, the samples were conserved in 70% alcohol. The transverse and surface sections were taken by hand with a help razor blade. The nutlet micromorphologies and pollen properties were examined using scanning electron microscopy. In morphological studies, the description of A. integrifolium was given in detail for the first time and the general appearance of plant and leaf, bract, bracteole, flower, calyx, corolla and nutlet shapes were supported by drawings. The stem and leaf characteristics of the plant were examined in anatomical studies. The stem is almost tetragonal-rounded in shape. The vascular bundles are well-developed in the corners. The pith area covers a large area and includes simple crystals. The leaf is bifacial type and hypostomatic. The pollen grains are tricolpate and prolate shaped. While the surface of pollen grains is reticulate, the nutlets have scalariform ornamentation.
Estimating the Moral Hazard Cost of Private Disability Insurance and its Welfare Consequences

Although one-third of workers in the USA and Germany contract supplementary private disability insurance (DI), most studies on the design of public DI systems abstract from private DI. Using unique and comprehensive contract data from a major German insurance company and representative survey data, I add novel insights on the interaction between private and public DI by estimating a rich dynamic life-cycle model with private insurance choices. I find that the welfare-improving public DI schedule is less generous in the presence of supplementary private DI. This is a consequence of the additional moral hazard private DI take-up imposes on the public system. I show that while having a private DI market is welfareimproving under the current public DI schedule in Germany, private DI markets can be welfare-reducing for more generous public DI systems as observed in other countries. JEL codes: D14, G22, J28, I38
Fine characterization of pore evolution of oil shale during thermal simulation

Oil shale is a kind of organic‐rich fine‐grained sedimentary, whose pore evolution is affected not only by the evolution of inorganic minerals, but also by the thermal evolution of organic matter (OM). Meanwhile, the interaction between inorganic minerals and OM makes the pore evolution of oil shale more complex. Therefore, it is more important to fine the evolution characteristic of pores in different maturity stages and explore the pore size range affected by each influencing factor. This study selects immature oil shale (Tmax = 430°C, TOC = 8.2%) of Nenjiang Formation in Songliao Basin as a research object, and samples with different maturity are obtained through a series of thermal simulation experiments. Combined with petromineralogy, organic geochemistry and reservoir physical property analysis, the evolution process of pores is determined. The volume and specific surface area evolution of mesopores is different from that of macropores in the immature to mature stage, the volume and specific surface area evolution of which is same in the mature to over‐mature stage. There is a strong positive correlation between volumes of macropores and porosity (R2 = 0.94), between volumes of mesopores and specific surface area (R2 = 0.96). The influencing factors mainly affect the pore size less than 400 nm. Hydrocarbon generation of OM affects the whole pore sizes. Residual oil is stored in pores with pore size of 5–25 nm. The effect of carbonate dissolution and pyrite pyrolysis on mesopores is stronger than that of macropores. The transformation of illite/smectite to illite mainly affects the pore size greater than 100 nm. In the whole process of thermal simulation, the OM thermal evolution, the inorganic minerals dissolution and pyrolysis and the clay minerals transformation are the main influencing factors of pore evolution.
Models of Single Lane Time Headway Distributions

The movement of traffic past a point is compared to the output of a queuing system having random input. A generalization of the queue output model leads to a suitable headway model: this model is a mixture of two distributions, representing following and nonfollowing headways, in appropriate proportions. Thin model is compared with several others that have been suggested; when used with a lognormal distribution of following headways, it gives the best overall fit to data from the M4 motorway, England, and two-way roads in Indiana, USA. For each site, the parameters of the following headway distribution can be assumed constant. The mean following headways are 1.3 sec and 1.6 sec for the M4 fast and slow lanes respectively, and 2 sec for the Indiana sites. The standard deviation of logarithms of following headways is 0.4 for both M4 lanes and 0.45 for the Indiana sites. For most samples, the reciprocal of the mean interbunch gap λ can be approximated by λ = λ*-1/2 λ*3/2, where λ* is the flow rate, and the proportion of the following vehicles ψ can be approximated by ψ = ρ-1/2ρ-1λ*3/2, where ρ is the traffic intensity.
Diagenesis, compaction strain and deformation associated with chert and carbonate concretions in organic‐rich marl and phosphorite; Upper Cretaceous to Eocene, Jordan

This paper presents an integrated petrographic–geochemical–geomechanical study of the growth mechanisms of carbonate and chert concretions observed at outcrop and core from the Upper Cretaceous to Eocene organic‐rich carbonate mudrocks, central Jordan. It provides evidence for displacive and replacive concretion growth from the analysis of primary lithological characteristics, compaction strain and deformation structures associated with concretion growth. Concretions were analysed to determine the primary lithological controls on their development and the measurement of strain in the host rock to develop a method for constraining the growth mode and their paragenesis. Concretions exhibit either a replacive or displacive growth mode largely dependent on the original host lithology. Displacive concretions exhibit irregular shapes and semi‐fibrous internal structures in contrast to regular shapes and microcrystalline textures observed for replacive concretions. Cement fraction is high in both carbonate concretion types, indicating early formation in high‐porosity sediments at shallow burial depths. The strain field around displacive concretions is vertically asymmetrical. Conversely, it is symmetrical with uniform differential compaction for the replacive concretions. Evidence for displacive growth comes from triangular areas of chert at the lateral margins of some carbonate concretions, interpreted as areas of reduced strain. Another indicator is the forced asymmetrical folding of heterolithic host rocks around displacive concretions, with displacive carbonate units separated by trace laminae of the original (chert) beds. Enveloping chert beds exhibit early‐formed radial silica fractures with increased aperture size in the areas of maximum curvature. Carbon isotopic signatures of carbonate concretions show a strong correlation between concretion centres and host rock, suggesting a relatively shallow depth (first few tens of metres) of initial growth. Carbonate concretions are interpreted to have formed at shallow depths in the presence of alkaline pore waters rich in dissolved organic carbon in the presence of Mg2+ ions, available organic matter and redox‐sensitive metals such as U and Mo. A paragenetic history for the different concretion types is presented.
Analysis of robust design experiments with time-dependent ordinal response characteristics: a quality improvement study from the horticulture industry

An approach to the analysis of time-dependent ordinal quality score data from robust design experiments is developed and applied to an experiment from commercial horticultural research, using concepts of product robustness and longevity that are familiar to analysts in engineering research. A two-stage analysis is used to develop models describing the effects of a number of experimental treatments on the rate of post-sales product quality decline. The first stage uses a polynomial function on a transformed scale to approximate the quality decline for an individual experimental unit using derived coefficients and the second stage uses a joint mean and dispersion model to investigate the effects of the experimental treatments on these derived coefficients. The approach, developed specifically for an application in horticulture, is exemplified with data from a trial testing ornamental plants that are subjected to a range of treatments during production and home-life. The results of the analysis show how a number of control and noise factors affect the rate of post-production quality decline. Although the model is used to analyse quality data from a trial on ornamental plants, the approach developed is expected to be more generally applicable to a wide range of other complex production systems.
The effect of organizational culture, work discipline, and work experience on employee performance at PT. Omnikopi Kreasi Enak

The objective of this study is to analyze and explain the effect of Organizational Culture, Work Discipline and Work Experience e on Employee Performance. The research belongs to explanatory research. The samples are taken by using purposive sampling technique and the size of the samples to be determined 34 employees of PT. Omnikopi Kreasi Enak. The data collecting technique is questionnaire. The data is analyzed by using SPSS software. The findings of this study show: Organizational Culture has insignificant effect on Employee Performance; Work Discipline has insignificant effect on Employee Performance; Work Experience has significant effect on Employee Performance
Heat Transfer Enhancement to the Drag-Reducing Flow of Surfactant Solution in Two-Dimensional Channel With Mesh-Screen Inserts at the Inlet

The heat transfer enhancement of drag-reducing flow of high Reynolds number in a two-dimensional channel by utilizing the characteristic of fluid was studied. As the networks of rod-like micelles in surfactant solution are responsible for suppressing the turbulence in drag-reducing flow, destruction of the structure of networks was considered to eliminate the drag reduction and prevent heat transfer deterioration. By inserting wire mesh in the channel against the flow, the drag-reducing function of the micellar structure in surfactant aqueous solution was successfully switched off. With the Reynolds number close to the first critical Reynolds number, the heat transfer coefficient in the region downstream of the mesh can be improved significantly, reaching the same level as that of water. The region with turbulent heat transfer downstream of the mesh becomes smaller as the concentration of surfactant in the solution increases. Three types of mesh of different wire diameter and opening space were evaluated for their effect in promoting heat transfer and the corresponding pressure loss due to blockage of the mesh. The turbulent intensities were measured downstream from the mesh by using a Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) system
Staying in situ or shifting range under ongoing climate change: A case of an endemic herb in the Himalaya‐Hengduan Mountains across elevational gradients

How species respond to ongoing climate change has been a hot research topic, especially with the controversy in shifting range (movement) or persisting in local habitat (in situ) as the primary response. Assessing the relative roles of range shifts, phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation helps us predict the evolutionary fate of species. We aim to explore the evolutionary strategies of plants under climate change from a keystone herb in alpine ecosystems, Mirabilis himalaica, along its elevational gradient.
Atomistic simulations of spherical indentations in nanocrystalline gold

and the resulting onset plasticity may be profoundly affected by the high density of GBs known to interact with lattice dislocations. In this communication we present an atomistic simulation of nanoindentation into model nc-Au for two samples with average grain diameters of 5 and 12 nm, and compare the results with a simulation for a single-crystal structure. We provide a systematic comparison for results obtained with CG and MD ~300 K! methods, and compare the sensitivity of the techniques. The simulations provide three major results: ~1! there is a reduction in Young’s modulus at the 5-nmdiameter grain size; ~2! the surrounding GB structure acts as a sink for the dislocation loops nucleated under the indenter; and ~3! for indenter-substrate surface contact areas of less than the grain size, most of the plastic deformation activity is confined within the grain directly below the indenter, whereas for larger contact areas intergranular motion is observed as a result of grain boundary sliding. The simulations also show that full dislocations are possible in a 12-nm grain, stressing the importance of atomic activity during dislocation emission from a nanosized GB.
Lift and thrust generation by a butterfly-like flapping wing–body model: immersed boundary–lattice Boltzmann simulations

Abstract The flapping flight of tiny insects such as flies or larger insects such as butterflies is of fundamental interest not only in biology itself but also in its practical use for the development of micro air vehicles (MAVs). It is known that a butterfly flaps downward for generating the lift force and backward for generating the thrust force. In this study, we consider a simple butterfly-like flapping wing–body model in which the body is a thin rod and the rectangular rigid wings flap in a simple motion. We investigate lift and thrust generation of the model by using the immersed boundary–lattice Boltzmann method. First, we compute the lift and thrust forces when the body of the model is fixed for Reynolds numbers in the range of 50–1000. In addition, we estimate the supportable mass for each Reynolds number from the computed lift force. Second, we simulate free flights when the body can only move translationally. It is found that the expected supportable mass can be supported even in the free flight except when the mass of the body relative to the mass of the fluid is too small, and the wing–body model with the mass of actual insects can go upward against the gravity. Finally, we simulate free flights when the body can move translationally and rotationally. It is found that the body has a large pitch motion and consequently gets off-balance. Then, we discuss a way to control the pitching angle by flexing the body of the wing–body model.
Comparison of Star Formation in Five Nearby Molecular Clouds

We have calculated bolometric temperature (Tbol) and bolometric luminosity (Lbol) for 383 young stellar objects (YSOs) in five molecular clouds within 200 pc in Corona Australis (CrA), Ophiuchus (Oph), Taurus (Tau), Chamaeleon (Cha), and Lupus (Lup). We used Tbol, Lbol, and bolometric luminosity-temperature (BLT) diagrams to characterize and compare the overall-star-formation activity of the clouds on a self-consistent basis. The main results are the following: (1) the YSO populations in the clouds can be differentiated by the fraction of their low-Tbol sources, which increases systematically from Lup and Cha to Tau and to Oph and CrA. This trend is interpreted as increasing current star-forming activity in the same order; (2) the clouds with higher cold source fractions also seem to have higher bright source fractions; (3) In the BLT diagram, the CrA and Oph sources are more uniformly distributed while the Cha and Lup sources are aggregated near the zero-age mainsequence (ZAMS). Tau sources appear to be an intermediate case. Taurus also seems to contain more cold (Tbol < 1000 K) and low-luminosity (Lbol < 1 L☉) sources than the other complexes; (4) the YSOs show a characteristic distribution in the median BLT diagram. This distribution is qualitatively consistent with the early YSO evolution from a protostar to a pre-main-sequence star and provides a unique observational test to star-formation models; (5) for Lup pre-main-sequence stars, the ratio of their Tbol to Teff increases during their approach to the ZAMS. This increase can be explained by the disk and envelope dissipation during the pre-main-sequence evolution; (6) the most active star-forming clouds (Oph and CrA) also have denser molecular cores as measured by C18O J = 1-0 line emission, suggesting that the star formation occurs in the densest parts of the molecular clouds; and (7) we find an anti-correlation between Tbol and C18O emission for the class 0 and I Tau sources (Tbol < 650 K). This shows that Tbol measures the intrinsic redness of YSOs, rather than their disk-envelope orientation. The disk orientation may have a more important effect on Tbol of the pre-main-sequence stars.
Drag reduction in sh-like locomotion

We present experimental force and power measurements demonstrating that the power required to propel an actively swimming, streamlined, sh-like body is signicantly smaller than the power needed to tow the body straight and rigid at the same speed U. The data have been obtained through accurate force and motion measurements on a laboratory sh-like robotic mechanism, 1:2 m long, covered with a flexible skin and equipped with a tail n, at Reynolds numbers up to 10 6 , with turbulence stimulation. The lateral motion of the body is in the form of a travelling wave with wavelength and varying amplitude along the length, smoothly increasing from the front to the tail end. A parametric investigation shows sensitivity of drag reduction to the non-dimensional frequency (Strouhal number), amplitude of body oscillation and wavelength , and angle of attack and phase angle of the tail n. A necessary condition for drag reduction is that the phase speed of the body wave be greater than the forward speed U. Power estimates using an inviscid numerical scheme compare favourably with the experimental data. The method employs a boundary-integral method for arbitrary flexible body geometry and motions, while the wake shed from the sh-like form is modelled by an evolving desingularized dipole sheet.
Bardet-Biedl Syndrome: Current Perspectives and Clinical Outlook

Abstract The Bardet Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare inherited disorder considered a model of non-motile ciliopathy. It is in fact caused by mutations of genes encoding for proteins mainly localized to the base of the cilium. Clinical features of BBS patients are widely shared with patients suffering from other ciliopathies, especially autosomal recessive syndromic disorders; moreover, mutations in cilia-related genes can cause different clinical ciliopathy entities. Besides the best-known clinical features, as retinal degeneration, learning disabilities, polydactyly, obesity and renal defects, several additional clinical signs have been reported in BBS, expanding our understanding of the complexity of its clinical spectrum. The present review aims to describe the current knowledge of BBS i) pathophysiology, ii) clinical manifestations, highlighting both the most common and the less described features, iii) current and future perspective for treatment.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and shaming on TikTok: A multimodal appraisal analysis

This paper explores the issues of vaccine hesitancy and shaming which arose in response to the implementation of World Health Organization COVID-19 recommendations, on the social media platform of TikTok. By extending Appraisal theory to include the use of visual attitudinal appraisals, the study examines how TikTok users employ the semiotic resources at their disposal within the overarching context of the pandemic. A total of 254 videos expressing pro- and anti-vaccination viewpoints, predominantly posted by American and Australian users, between 1 January 2021 and 31 January 2022, were extracted from the social media application and subjected to a computer-assisted multimodal appraisal analysis. It is shown how speakers from both groups primarily aim to elicit a strong emotional response from like-minded users, promoting polarisation. The findings further reveal an ideological clash between the objective structure of governmental healthcare protocols and the subjective orientation of the anti-vaccination group’s habitus. Since the pro-vaccination group’s own subjectivities hinder the effective sharing of information on COVID-19 via TikTok, the paper recommends the use of non-judgemental language and gestures in videos targeting a vaccine-hesitant audience.
Elasto‐plastic analysis of plates by the element free Galerkin method

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to extend the Element Free Galerkin method (EFGM) in order to perform the elasto‐plastic analysis of isotropic plates.Design/methodology/approach – The EFGM shape‐function construction is briefly presented. The Newton‐Raphson method and the elasto‐plastic algorithm adapted to the EFGM, are described. Several plate bending non‐linear material problems are solved and the obtained solutions are compared with available finite element method (FEM) solutions.Findings – The paper finds that the developed EFGM approach is a good alternative to the FEM for the solution of non‐linear problems, once the obtained results with the EFGM show a high similarity with the obtained FEM results.Research limitations/implications – Comparing the FEM and the EFGM there are some drawbacks for the EFGM. The computational cost of the EFGM is higher, the imposition of the essential boundary conditions is more complex and there is a high sensitivity of the method in what concerns the choice of the .
Effect of Flaxseed Oil Cake Extract on the Microbial Quality, Texture and Shelf Life of Gluten-Free Bread

Extending the shelf life of gluten-free bread (GFB) is a challenge. Mainly due to the ingredients used and their characteristics, GFB has numerous drawbacks such as unsatisfactory texture and rapid staling beyond a low nutritional value. In the present study, flaxseed oil cake extract (FOCE) was used to replace water (25–100%) in GFB formulations in order to test FOCE’s potential to reduce GFB staling and extend microbial stability. Texture (TPA test), water activity (LF NMR), acidity (pH measurements) and microbiological quality of GFBs were tested. Moreover, the content of a lignan with broad health-promoting potential, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), in GFB with FOCE was analyzed. The results showed that the use of FOCE enriched experimental GFB in valuable SDG (217–525 µg/100 g DM) while not causing adverse microbiological changes. A moderate level (25–50%) of FOCE did not change the main texture parameters of GFB stored for 72 h, the quality of which was comparable to control bread without FOCE. Meanwhile, higher proportions of FOCE (75–100% of water replacement) shortened GFB shelf life as determined by water activity and texture profile, suggesting that GFB with FOCE should be consumed fresh. To summarize, FOCE at moderate levels can add value to GFBs without causing a drop in quality, while still fitting in with the idea of zero waste and the circular economy.