Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RICE PRODUCTIVITY AS INFLUENCED BY PLANTING DATES AND SEEDLING AGES

Two field experiments were conducted in extension field at El-Busrate village, El-Manzala Farm, Dakhalia region, during 1998 and 1999 growing seasons. The objectives of this investigation was aimed to study the effect of sown dates (April 25, May 10, May 25 and June 10), seedlings ages (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 days after sown) and their interaction on growth, yield and yield components of rice Sakha 101 cultivar. A split plot design with four replications was used. The main findings could be summarized as follows: = 35.46 %), panicle length (R 2 = 6.25 %) and panicle weight (R 2 = 5.85 %) were the most variables affecting grain yield/fed. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that both plant height (R 2 = 31.19 %) and panicle weight (R 2 = 61.58 %) were accepted as significantly contribution for grain yield/fed.
Apples to apples A 2 – I. Realistic galaxy simulated catalogues and photometric redshift predictions for next-generation surveys

We present new mock catalogues for two of the largest Stage IV next-generation surveys in the optical and infrared: Large Synoptic Sky Telescope (LSST) and Euclid, based on an N-body simulation+semi-analytical cone with a posterior modification with PHOTREAL. This technique modifies the original photometry by using an empirical library of spectral templates to make it more realistic. The reliability of the catalogues is confirmed by comparing the obtained colour-magnitude relation, the luminosity and mass function and the angular correlation function with those of real data. Consistent comparisons between the expected photometric redshifts for different surveys are also provided. Very deep near-infrared surveys such as Euclid will provide very good performance (∆z/(1 + z) 0.025-0.053) down to H 24 AB mag and up to z 3 depending on the optical observations available from the ground, whereas extremely deep optical surveys such as LSST will obtain an overall lower photometric redshift resolution (∆z/(1 + z) 0.045) down to i 27.5 AB mag, being considerably improved (∆z/(1 + z) 0.035) if we restrict the sample down to i 24 AB mag. Those numbers can be substantially upgraded by selecting a subsample of galaxies with the best quality photometric redshifts. We finally discuss the impact that these surveys will have for the community in terms of photometric redshift legacy. This is the first of a series of papers where we set a framework for comparability between mock catalogues and observations with a particular focus on cluster surveys. The Euclid and LSST mocks are made publicly available.
Mutually unbiased maximally entangled bases from difference matrices

Based on maximally entangled states, we explore the constructions of mutually unbiased bases in bipartite quantum systems. We present a new way to construct mutually unbiased bases by difference matrices in the theory of combinatorial designs. In particular, we establish q mutually unbiased bases with q − 1 maximally entangled bases and one product basis in Cq⊗Cq for arbitrary prime power q. In addition, we construct maximally entangled bases for dimension of composite numbers of non-prime power, such as five maximally entangled bases in C12⊗C12 and C21⊗C21 , which improve the known lower bounds for d = 3m, with (3, m) = 1 in Cd⊗Cd . Furthermore, we construct p + 1 mutually unbiased bases with p maximally entangled bases and one product basis in Cp⊗Cp2 for arbitrary prime number p.
Spectra of graphs : theory and application

Introduction. Basic Concepts of the Spectrum of a Graph. Operations on Graphs and the Resulting Spectra. Relations Between Spectral and Structural Properties of Graphs. The Divisor of a Graph. The Spectrum and the Group of Automorphisms. Characterization of Graphs by Means of Spectra. Spectra Techniques in Graph Theory and Combinatories. Applications in Chemistry an Physics. Some Additional Results. Appendix. Tables of Graph Spectra Biblgraphy. Index of Symbols. Index of Names. Subject Index.
What drives trend-following profits in stocks? The role of the trading signals’ volatility

ABSTRACT We document the influence of stock volatility on trend-following profits for a global sample of 1618 blue-chip stocks, across 43911 evaluation subperiods (2004–2018). We use the price sensitivity of trend signals (i.e. signal volatility) to isolate the detrimental impact of high stock volatility manifested through excessive/inefficient trading. Despite its almost null correlation with the stocks’ mean-variance characteristics, the signal volatility greatly complements them in explaining the time series variation in trend-following excess returns. The results hold for both the buy and sell excess returns, are robust across stock markets, and conserve after considering explicit and implicit trading costs. Investors can use ex postsignal volatility estimates as a valid criterion to choose across potential trading rules, according to their specific levels of risk aversion and transaction costs.
Two dicotyledonous woods from the late Neogene sediments of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan

Two fossil woods collected from the late Neogene sediments of Rajasthan show best resemblance to the modern genera Terminalia L. and Lagerstroemia L. of the families Combretaceae and Lythraceae, respectively. The fossils belong to the Shumar Formation of Jaisalmer Basin considered as Plio–Pleistocene in age. The habitats of the modern counterparts of the fossils indicate the prevalence of semi–evergreen to deciduous forests with warm and humid climatic conditions in the Jaisalmer District at the time of deposition of the sediments in contrast to the present day xeric vegetation with desertic conditions in the area.
Corporate social responsibility and internationalisation in mitigating risk

: This study aims to recognise the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and internationalisation on the idiosyncratic risk of the tourism and hospitality industry in ASEAN. The generalised method of moments (GMM) two-step model examined the research framework from 405 firm-years applied from 81 companies in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore, from 2015 until 2019. The results prove that CSR activities and internationalisation strategy can mitigate idiosyncratic risk. In addition, the demand for social responsibility in the global market is undoubtedly higher than in the local market. Therefore, adequate CSR disclosure is required to meet investor satisfaction in international markets. This study contributes to social responsibility studies by investigating the effect of CSR activities on idiosyncratic risk in ASEAN countries. Analysis of the interaction between internationalisation and CSR leverages the values of this study.
The Multinomial‐Poisson Transformation

SUMMARY The multinomial-Poisson (MP) transformation simplifies maximum likelihood estimation in a wide variety of models for multinomial data. On the basis of specialized derivations, investigators have applied the MP transformation to various models. Here we present a general derivation, which is simpler than the specialized derivations and allows investigators to use the MP transformation readily in new models. We also show how the MP transformation can accommodate incomplete multinomial data and how it can assist in finding closed form maximum likelihood estimates and variances. Previous applications include log-linear models, capture-recapture models, proportional hazards models with categorical covariates and generalizations of the Rasch model. New applications include computing the variance of the logarithm of the odds ratio, a model for voter plurality, conditional logistic regression for matched sets and two-stage case-control studies.
Pinning and disorder relevance for the lattice Gaussian free field

This paper provides a rigorous study of the localization transition for a Gaussian free field on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ interacting with a quenched disordered substrate that acts on the interface when the interface height is close to zero. The substrate has the tendency to localize or repel the interface at different sites and one can show that a localization-delocalization transition takes place when varying the average pinning potential $h$: the free energy density is zero in the delocalized regime, that is for $h$ smaller than a threshold $h_c$, and it is positive for $h>h_c$. For $d\ge 3$ we compute $h_c$ and we show that the transition happens at the same value as for the annealed model. However we can show that the critical behavior of the quenched model differs from the one of the annealed one. While the phase transition of the annealed model is of first order, we show that the quenched free energy is bounded above by $ (h-h_c)_+^2$ times a positive constant and that, for Gaussian disorder, the quadratic behavior is sharp. Therefore this provides an example in which a {\sl relevant disorder critical exponent} can be made explicit: in theoretical physics disorder is said to be {\sl relevant} when the disorder changes the critical behavior of a system and, while there are cases in which it is known that disorder is relevant, the exact critical behavior is typically unknown. For $d=2$ we are not able to decide whether the quenched and annealed critical points coincide, but we provide an upper bound for the difference between them.
SERUM OSTEOPONTIN LEVEL IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Background: Asthma is defined as an airway inflammation that results from interactions between various cells, cellular elements, and cytokines, which causes symptoms that include wheezing, breathlessness, and cough. Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein highly expressed in the bone and in a range of immune cells. Aim and objectives: The study aim to evaluate the serum levels of osteopontin in patients with mild, moderate and severe asthma in comparison with apparently healthy group as a control and it is relation to asthma severity. Subjects and methods: This is a case-control study that conducted at pediatric pulmonology outpatient clinics of Sayed-Galal and Al-Hussein University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt. During the period from September 2021 to February 2022. The case group included 40 asthmatic children while Control group included 40 apparently healthy children. Results: As regard Laboratory data of cases and controls, our results showed that the mean serum osteopontin showed significant elevation in cases compared to controls, severe asthmatic patients exhibit higher serum OPN level than mederate and mild patients with statistically significant difference. Hemoglobin was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. Eosinophilic percentage was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. Conclusion: The present study has shown that asthma patients exhibit higher serum OPN levels than controls and severe asthmatic patients exhibit higher serum OPN level than mederate and mild patients.
Noise-Adaptive Non-Blind Image Deblurring

This work addresses the problem of non-blind image deblurring for arbitrary input noise. The problem arises in the context of sensors with strong chromatic aberrations, as well as in standard cameras, in low-light and high-speed scenarios. A short description of two common classical approaches to regularized image deconvolution is provided, and common issues arising in this context are described. It is shown how a pre-deconvolved deep neural network (DNN) based image enhancement can be improved by joint optimization of regularization parameters and network weights. Furthermore, a two-step approach to deblurring based on two DNNs is proposed, with the first network estimating deconvolution regularization parameters, and the second one performing image enhancement and residual artifact removal. For the first network, a novel RegParamNet architecture is introduced and its performance is examined for both direct and indirect regularization parameter estimation. The system is shown to operate well for input noise in a three orders of magnitude range (0.01–10.0) and a wide spectrum of 1D or 2D Gaussian blur kernels, well outside the scope of most previously explored image blur and noise degrees. The proposed method is found to significantly outperform several leading state-of-the-art approaches.
The Potential of Rhizophagus intraradices and Trichoderma asperellum to Induce Shallot Resistance against Twisted Disease

Twisted disease caused by Fusarium spp. is one of the primary diseases on shallots with potency to cause enormous losses by causing stunting and bulb rot. One alternative disease control is the induction of plant resistance since the seed stage. The aim of this study was to determine the content of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and phenolic compounds of shallot bulb seeds coated with biological control agents as a resistance response to twisted disease. The shallot cultivar used was Crok kuning. The treatments used in this study were the type of biological control agents, including Rhizophagus intraradices and Trichoderma asperellum, combined with and seed coating application time (one month before planting and simultaneously at planting). Biological control agents in the form of powder formulation applied as seed coating material and seeds were stored for one month before planting. The results showed that application of biological agents delayed the occurrence of the twisted disease symptoms. The salicylic acid content from plant treated with R. intraradices at the time of planting was slightly higher than the control. The jasmonic acid content in T. asperellum plants treated at planting was higher than then control. Total phenolic content from plants treated with T. asperellum at planting time was higher than the control. In general, application of biological control agent as seed coat did not result in significant increase in salicylic acid, jasmonic acid nor the phenolic compounds, compared to the pathogen infected control.
Motivation for Reading the Holy Quran with and without Translation

Motivation means a lot when human does something which is not very common in day to day life. Literature review indicates that there are rarely available studies on motivation for reading the holy Quran in Pakistani context. Therefore, the current study intends to find out basic types of motivation for reading holy Quran, factors involved that motivate to read with and without translation in their L1. Last but not least, gender based motivational (if any) difference. To research a quantitative study was adopted in which a survey based questionnaire was filled via Google form from randomly selected 218 students of 7 universities of Sindh, Pakistan. Collected data is descriptively analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 22). The findings revealed three most important motivating factors for reading the holy Quran: (1) it is the best book for mankind (∑4.6422); (2) it is a guideline to live better and happier life (∑4.6009); (3) it is compulsory for every Muslim to read (∑4.5642). Moreover, university students are more intrinsically (∑41.1651) than extrinsically (∑34.0642) motivated for reading the holy Quran. Meanwhile a great difference is being found in university students’ motivation for reading the holy Quran with and without translation. The Mean score of reading without translation is ∑9.8073 and with translation is ∑4.9862. An independent t-test informed that there is no significant difference between male and female students’ motivation for reading the holy Quran. The research claims that youth are losing their intrinsic motivation for reading the holy Quran because of extensive use of social media. It suggests that university students should read with translation because it helps their academic as well as personal life.
Precambrian life on land

Although Precambrian landscapes have been regarded as barren as the surface of Mars, increasingly close inspection of fossil soils (palaeosols) is revealing a variety of fossils, comparable with those already documented in Cambrian to Ordovician (542–444 Ma) palaeosols. The biggest surprise was that some Ediacaran (550 Ma) fossils of South Australia grew in soils. Different kinds of palaeosols can be used to define Ediacaran terrestrial communities in Australia (550 Ma) and Newfoundland (565 Ma). Simple discoids such as Aspidella dominate communities of intertidal sulfidic palaeosols, whereas quilted forms such as Dickinsonia dominate communities of well drained palaeosols. The discoids may be simple microbial colonies, but complex quilted fossils may be lichenized fungi. Complex quilted fossils appear in palaeosols during the Ediacaran along with large “acritarchs” (such as Ceratosphaeridium, and Germinosphaera) comparable with fungal chlamydospores and vesicles like those of Glomales (Glomeromycota). Discoid fossils and microbial filaments also are found in Palaeoproterozoic palaeosols, for example, in the 2100 Ma Stirling Range Quartzite of Western Australia. Complex Palaeoproterozoic (2200 Ma) fossils in South African palaeosols include Diskagma, comparable with the living endocyanotic Geosiphon (Archaeosporales, Glomeromycota). Archaean (2800 Ga) palaeosols of South Africa contain fossils such as Thucomyces, comparable with modern columnar biofilms. Even older terrestrial fossils may be represented by un–named spindle–like fossils from the 3000 Ma Farrel Quartzite and 3420 Ma Strelley Pool Formation of Western Australia. These spindle–like forms are comparable in morphology with modern soil actinobacteria, such as Planomonospora. Life on land may extend well back into geological history. Positive feedback for soil stabilization by formation of clay and organic matter, and the metered supply of water and nutrients in soils, make soils attractive sites for theories concerning the origin of life.
EFFECT OF CANE LENGTH ON BUD BEHAVIOR, BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS WOOD RIPENING AND CHEMICAL CONTENTS OF THOMPSON SEEDLESS GRAPEVINE

This investigation was carried out in a private vineyard located at Senhera, Kalubia Govermerate on twelve years old of Thompson Seedless grapevines. The study was continued for two successive seasons 1997 and 1998. Vines were pruned to different numbers of canes (4,5,6 and 9 canes/vine) and to different number of buds (18,14,12 and 8 buds per cane) (number of buds/vine being fixe to 72-70 buds), in addition to the renual spure buds per each, level of cane length. The results showed that percentage of buds burst and bunch index increased with increasing cane length to 18 buds, while the fruitful buds percentage, No. of bunches and fertility coefficient were increased at cane length 12 and 8 buds/cane. Vines with cane length 12 buds gave the greatest bunch weight, length, and berry weight in gms, as well as berry index and number of berries per bunch were more increased at cane length 12 and 8 buds, than the long canes 18 and 14 buds. This increase in number of berries increased compactness coefficient for bunches at the same treatment with cane length 12 buds/cane. T.S. S. was increased at the short cane length, while acidity was decreased. Wood ripening gradually advanced in all treatment till November. Increasing cane length depressing weight of vine pruning, total carbohydrates and total nitrogen. The short cane length 12 and 8 buds cane showed a significant increase at the different dates of measuring than long canes 18 and 14 buds.
FACTORS AFFECTING ON INULASE PRODUCTION BY Aspergillus niger AND PREPARATION OF FRUCTOSE SYRUP FROM INULIN

Aspergillus niger has been shown to produce extracellular exo-and endo-inulase. This enzyme was used for inulin hydrolysis to produce syrups with more than 75% D-fructose. High fructose syrup can be used as low caloric sweetener. From this important point and others, Aspergillus niger was used in this study for inulase production and the results revealed that: maximal yield of enzyme is attained within 96 hours after inoculation. Inulin, dalhia tuber, chicory roots and artichoke tuber were found as the best carbon sources for enzyme production and to induce its productivity. Yeast extract and corn steep liquor stimulated the enzyme secretion. pH 5.5 and 35 o C were found as the pH and temperature optima for enzyme biosynthesis. A rapid hydrolysis was observed as a result action of inulase on inulin for about 20 min at 55 o C, which appeared as the suitable conditions for substrate hydrolysis. pH 5.5 was found as the optimum pH for enzyme activity. Aspergillus niger inulase hydrolyzed sucrose, raffinose and inulin. Thus, this enzyme is not specific substrate degrading enzyme and belong to the group of fructano-hydrolyases. Mg +2 and Mn +2 at 1 mM activated the enzyme, while other ions were found as inhibitors. for 5 hours. Therefore, reducing sugars as fructose were raised and may be consumed as low caloric fructose-syrup sweetener and prevent sucrose-intolerant in diabetics.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO FAT SUPPLEMEN-TATION TO MUSCOVY DUCKS DIETS

Two hundred Muscovy hatched ducklings of 5 weeks of age were randomly divided into three groups : group (1) fed control diet all over the experimental period, group (2) received the control diet supplemented with 5 % sunflower oil from 5 to 12 weeks of age. Group (3) was fed a diet as group 2 up to 8 weeks of age, then birds were fed control diet supplemented with 7.5 % sunflower oil from 9 to 12 weeks of age. Feed and water were offered ad libitum during the whole experimental period. Four birds from each group were randomly selected to determine the body temperature (BT) and respiration (RR) rate at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of age. Also, two males and two females from each group at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of age were slaughtered and blood samples were collected. Total counting of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), hematocrit (Hct) and hemoglobin (Hb) were determined. Plasma total proteins (TP), albumin (A), globulins (G), A/G ratio, total lipids (TL), cholesterol (Chl), glucose (Glc), calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (P), GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase (Alk. Phos.) enzymatic activities, creatinine (Crt) and T 3 were also assayed. The data revealed that : adding 5 % level of sunflower oil at 8 weeks of age caused increased in : RBCs, A/G, TL (P < 0.05), Chl (P < 0.05), Glc (P < 0.05), T 3 , GPT; and caused decreases in : BT, WBCs (P < 0.05), Hb, TP, A, G, GOT, Alk. Phos. (P < 0.05), Crt, Ca and P. Adding 5 % level of sunflower oil at 12 weeks of age caused increases in : RBCs, Hct % (P < 0.05), Hb, TL (P < 0.05), Chl (P < 0.05), Glc (P < 0.05), T 3 (P < 0.05), GPT; and caused decreases in : RR (P < 0.05), WBCs (P < 0.05), TP (P < 0.05), A, G (P < 0.05), GOT (P < 0.05), Alk. Phos. , Crt, Ca and P. Adding 7.5 % level of sunflower oil at 12 weeks of age caused increases in : BT, RBCs, A/G (P < 0.05), TL(P < 0.05), Chl, Glc; and caused decreases in : RR (P < 0.05), WBCs (P < 0.05), Hct % (P < 0.05), Hb, TP (P < 0.05), A, G (P < 0.05), T 3 (P < 0.05), GOT, GPT, Alk. Phos. , Crt (P < 0.05), Ca and P (P < 0.05).
Wake measurements in a strong adverse pressure gradient

The behavior of wakes in adverse pressure gradients is critical to the performance of high-lift systems for transport aircraft. Wake deceleration is known to lead to sudden thickening and the onset of reversed flow; this 'wake bursting' phenomenon can occur while surface flows remain attached. Although 'wake bursting' is known to be important for high-lift systems, no detailed measurements of 'burst' wakes have ever been reported. Wake bursting has been successfully achieved in the wake of a flat plate as it decelerated in a two-dimensional diffuser, whose sidewalls were forced to remain attached by use of slot blowing. Pilot probe surveys, L.D. V. measurements, and flow visualization have been used to investigate the physics of this decelerated wake, through the onset of reversed flow.