Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attitudes and preferences of digitally skilled dementia caregivers towards online psychoeducation: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Online interventions have been explored to support informal dementia caregivers. Despite favourable evidence on the effectiveness of such interventions, substantial non-use and dropout attrition are reported. This cross-sectional study characterises attitudes and preferences of digitally skilled dementia caregivers (N = 157) towards online psychoeducational interventions (OPIs) and explores associations of attitudes with sociodemographic, context of care, and internet use variables, as well as with previous use of psychosocial interventions, and valorisation of intervention features. Attitudes towards OPIs were moderately positive, but only one-third of caregivers trusted the effectiveness of OPIs. More participants would choose face-to-face (43%) than online interventions (31.4%). The former were seen as more trustworthy and less prone to dropout. Convenience was the most valued intervention feature, and preferences were stated for OPIs with friendly interfaces, free-of-jargon language and allowing to interact with professionals. The multivariable linear regression model suggests that using the internet at least once a week; having ever used a conventional psychosocial intervention; valuing an intervention for its convenience, sessions of short duration, self-personalisation of the plan, and progress self-monitoring, are associated with more favourable attitudes towards OPIs. Findings from this study should inform on the design, targeting and implementation of OPIs for dementia caregivers.
How Is Cultural Intelligence Related to Human Behavior?

Cultural intelligence is an individual’s ability to recognize, understand, and adapt to cross-cultural contexts in order to change his or her self-capacity. Hence, this study explores the relationship between cultural intelligence and interpersonal communication, psychological capital (PsyCap), and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among teachers in Indonesia and investigates the possibility of finding relevant new models. A Likert questionnaire was used to collect research data. The research participants included 450 Indonesian junior high school teachers selected by accidental sampling. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for data analysis, supported by descriptive statistics and correlational matrices. The results indicate that cultural intelligence is significantly related to teachers’ interpersonal communication, PsyCap, and OCB. Additionally, this study also produces a new model regarding the relationship between cultural intelligence and a teacher’s OCB, mediated by interpersonal communication and PsyCap. Therefore, researchers and practitioners can discuss and adopt a new empirical model to increase cultural intelligence.
Does causality exist between exports and economic development? Evidence from selected EU countries

The investigation focuses on the assessment of inter-linkages between exports performance and economic development in selected EU countries, such as Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Luxembourg, Denmark, and Iceland. The research covers the period between 1990 and 2019. The author has employed econometric techniques in order to explore inter-linkages between the variables. The correlation analysis has revealed very strong and positive inter-relationships between exports and development in all of the countries under consideration. The Granger causality test has shown evidence of a bidirectional link between exports performance and economic development in Denmark, causality which runs from real GDP per capita to exports per capita in Luxembourg and Iceland, a causal link from exports to development in Latvia, and no causal links between the variables for Lithuania and Estonia. The insights could be useful in terms of the implementation of economic policy aimed at promoting sustainable development in EU countries.
Recent Advances in Device Engineering and Computational Analysis for Characterization of Cell-Released Cancer Biomarkers

Simple Summary The circulating cancer biomarkers, known as ‘liquid biopsy’ (LB), represent a means to profile tumors non-invasively and collect information that can define therapeutic regimens for precision and personalized medicine. Various approaches have been developed for isolating and studying the individual circulating cancer biomarkers. This review focuses on LB biomarkers of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and small Extracellular vesicles (sEVs). We present the most recent approaches for their isolation and characterization and elaborate on the emerging mathematical and computational models for studying the roles of these cell-released cancer biomarkers in cancer progression. We envision that the study of these new models and technologies could significantly contribute to the field of personalized medicine. Abstract During cancer progression, tumors shed different biomarkers into the bloodstream, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). The analysis of these biomarkers in the blood, known as ‘liquid biopsy’ (LB), is a promising approach for early cancer detection and treatment monitoring, and more recently, as a means for cancer therapy. Previous reviews have discussed the role of CTCs and ctDNA in cancer progression; however, ctDNA and EVs are rapidly evolving with technological advancements and computational analysis and are the subject of enormous recent studies in cancer biomarkers. In this review, first, we introduce these cell-released cancer biomarkers and briefly discuss their clinical significance in cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Second, we present conventional and novel approaches for the isolation, profiling, and characterization of these markers. We then investigate the mathematical and in silico models that are developed to investigate the function of ctDNA and EVs in cancer progression. We convey our views on what is needed to pave the way to translate the emerging technologies and models into the clinic and make the case that optimized next-generation techniques and models are needed to precisely evaluate the clinical relevance of these LB markers.
Impact of Age on Takeover Behavior in Automated Driving in Complex Traffic Situations: A Case Study of Beijing, China

Research on the influence of age on various automated driving conditions will contribute to an understanding of driving behavior characteristics and the development of specific automated driving systems. This study aims to analyze the relationship between age and takeover behavior in automated driving, where 16 test conditions were taken into consideration, including two driving tasks, two warning times and four driving scenarios. Forty-two drivers in Beijing, China in 2020 were recruited to participate in a static driving simulator with Level 3 (L3) conditional automation to obtain detailed test information of the recorded takeover time, mean speed and mean lateral offset. An ANOVA test was proposed to examine the significance among different age groups and conditions. The results confirmed that reaction time increased significantly with age and the driving stability of the older group was worse than the young and middle groups. It was also indicated that the older group could not adapt to complex tasks well when driving due to their limited cognitive driving ability. Additionally, the higher urgency of a scenario explained the variance in the takeover quality. According to the obtained influencing mechanisms, policy implications for the development of vehicle automation, considering the various driving behaviors of drivers, were put forward, so as to correctly identify the high-risk driving conditions in different age groups. For further research, on-road validation will be necessary in order to check for driving simulation-related effects.
White-coat hypertension/effect is associated with higher arterial stiffness and stroke events

Objectives: The risk profile of white-coat hypertension/effect (WCH/E) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between WCH/E, markers of cardiovascular risk and cerebrovascular events. Methods: This is a sub-group analysis of The Arterial Stiffness In lacunar Stroke and Transient ischemic attack (ASIST) study, which recruited 96 patients aged at least 40 years old with a diagnosis of transient ischemic attack or lacunar stroke in the preceding 14 days. Thirty-two patients with target blood pressure (clinic blood pressure <140/90 mmHg and daytime ambulatory blood pressure <135/85 mmHg) and 30 patients with WCH/E (clinic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg and daytime ambulatory blood pressure <135/85 mmHg) were included in the analysis. Results: Patients with WCH/E were older and had a higher BMI. Central SBP (145 ± 13 vs. 118 ± 8 mmHg, P < 0.001) and DBP (82 ± 8 vs. 76 ± 7 mmHg, P = 0.004) were higher in those with WCH/E. They also had higher arterial stiffness measured by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (11.9 ± 3.0 vs. 9.6 ± 2.3 m/s, P = 0.002) and cardio-ankle vascular index (10.3 ± 1.3 vs. 9.4 ± 1.7, P = 0.027). Regression analysis showed an independent relationship between WCH/E and both measures of arterial stiffness. Lacunar strokes were more prevalent in those with WCH/E (47 vs. 22%, P = 0.039) and individuals in this group were more likely to have had a lacunar stroke than a transient ischemic attack (odds ratio 9.6, 95% CI 1.5-62.6, P = 0.02). Conclusion: In this cohort of patients with lacunar stroke and transient ischemic attack, WCH/E was associated with elevated markers of cardiovascular risk and a higher prevalence of lacunar stroke. These results suggest that WCH/E is associated with adverse cardiovascular risk.
Impaired Antiviral Responses to Extracellular Double-Stranded RNA and Cytosolic DNA, but Not to Interferon-α Stimulation, in TRIM56-Deficient Cells

The physiologic function of tripartite motif protein 56 (TRIM56), a ubiquitously expressed E3 ligase classified within the large TRIM protein family, remains elusive. Gene knockdown studies have suggested TRIM56 as a positive regulator of the type I interferon (IFN-I) antiviral response elicited via the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathways, which detect and respond to danger signals—extracellular double-stranded (ds) RNA and cytosolic dsDNA, respectively. However, to what extent these pathways depend on TRIM56 in human cells is unclear. In addition, it is debatable whether TRIM56 plays a part in controlling the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) resulting from IFN-I based antiviral treatment. In this study, we created HeLa-derived TRIM56 null cell lines by gene editing and used these cell models to comprehensively examine the impact of endogenous TRIM56 on innate antiviral responses. Our results showed that TRIM56 knockout severely undermined the upregulation of ISGs by extracellular dsRNA and that loss of TRIM56 weakened the response to cytosolic dsDNA. ISG induction and ISGylation following IFN-α stimulation, however, were not compromised by TRIM56 deletion. Using a vesicular stomatitis virus-based antiviral bioactivity assay, we demonstrated that IFN-α could efficiently establish an antiviral state in TRIM56 null cells, providing direct evidence that TRIM56 is not required for the general antiviral action of IFN-I. Altogether, these data ascertain the contributions of TRIM56 to TLR3- and cGAS–STING-dependent antiviral pathways in HeLa cells and add to our understanding of the roles this protein plays in innate immunity.
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Clinical Guidelines

In patients with cirrhosis and chronic liver disease, acute-on-chronic liver failure is emerging as a major cause of mortality. These guidelines indicate the preferred approach to the management of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure and represent the official practice recommendations of the American College of Gastroenterology. The scientific evidence for these guidelines was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation process. In instances where the evidence was not appropriate for Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, but there was consensus of significant clinical merit, key concept statements were developed using expert consensus. These guidelines are meant to be broadly applicable and should be viewed as the preferred, but not only, approach to clinical scenarios.
Development and Validation of a Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire on Antibiotic Use in Arabic and French Languages in Lebanon

Objectives: Validated knowledge–attitude–practice (KAP) questionnaires are essential to design and evaluate intervention programs on antibiotic use. Recently, we validated the first KAP questionnaire on antibiotics in Spain. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of research tools increase their universal usefulness. Here, we aimed to validate the questionnaire in a developing country with different socioeconomic characteristics from that of Spain. Methods: We translated the previously developed KAP-questionnaire into Arabic and French, tailored it and then validated it in adult population in Lebanon. The item content validity index (I-CVI), scale content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) and modified Kappa (k*) were calculated. The construct validity of the questionnaire was evaluated using confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA, N = 1460) and its reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC, N = 100) and Cronbach’s alpha statistic. Results: ICV-I (>0.78), k* (equal to ICV-I for all items) and S-CVI/Ave (≥0.95) confirmed the questionnaire content validity. Pilot testing (N = 40) and face validity showed the understandability of the questionnaire by the population. Test–retest reliability analysis (N = 100) yielded ICC ≥ 0.59 for all knowledge and attitude items, showing the capacity of the questionnaire to generate reproducible results. CFA evidenced adequate fit of the chosen model, thus establishing the construct validity of the questionnaire (root mean squared error approximation = 0.053, standardized root mean square residual = 0.045, comparative fit index = 0.92 and Tucker–Lewis index = 0.90). The questionnaire showed an acceptable internal reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.62) and was highly accepted in Lebanon (response rate = 96% and item response rates ≥ 94%). Conclusions: The validity of the KAP-questionnaire on antibiotics in Arabic and French was demonstrated in Lebanon.
Sound qualities in Early Childhood Education: an analysis of textbooks in Spain

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to analyse activities on sound qualities raised in Early Childhood Education textbooks from an educational-musical point of view. The sample consisted of 1391 activities in textbooks from the leading publishing houses in Spain. For data collection an ad hoc instrument called the Protocol for the Systematic Analysis of Musical Activities was developed. It has been used both exploratory statistics for descriptive analysis and confirmatory statistics for a univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis of different variables. Results showed that the qualities which were most worked on were timbre and duration with intensity and pitch being least. Activities that worked on parameters most were those related to playing instruments, with the exception of duration, which was more present in movement/dance activities. Finally, two thirds of musical activities in textbooks were related to qualities of sound, reflecting the importance publishers place on these in the teaching-learning proposals of music in Early Childhood Education textbooks.
Comparison of Feed Digestibility between Ponies, Standardbreds and Andalusian Horses Fed Three Different Diets

Ponies and some horse breeds such as Andalusians exhibit an ‘easy keeper’ phenotype and tend to become obese more readily than other breeds such as Standardbreds. Various hypotheses have been proposed, including differences in appetite or metabolic efficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of breed on nutrient digestibility. Ponies, Standardbreds and Andalusian horses were adapted to consuming either a control fibre-based diet (n = 9), a hypercaloric cereal-rich diet (n = 12) or a hypercaloric fat-rich diet (n = 12) over 20 weeks. Total faecal collection was performed over 24 h to determine apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy, dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), starch, crude protein and crude fat. There was no effect of breed on apparent digestibility for any of the nutrients studied (all p > 0.05). However, there was a significant effect of diet, with animals consuming the cereal-rich or fat-rich diets demonstrating higher digestibility of gross energy, DM, NDF and crude protein compared with those consuming the control diet (all p < 0.05). Animals adapted to the cereal-rich diet demonstrated higher digestibility of starch (p < 0.001) and animals adapted to the fat-rich diet demonstrated higher digestibility of fat (p < 0.001). This study found that horses and ponies had similar nutrient digestibility when adapted to the same diets and management conditions. Limitations included the relatively small number of animals from each breed per diet group and the short period of total faecal collection. The tendency towards increased adiposity in ponies and Andalusian-type horse breeds is more likely to reflect differences in metabolism, rather than differences in feed digestibility.
Effects of Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Dyspnea, Exercise Capacity, Quality of Life and Impact of the Disease in COPD Patients: A Systematic Review

Abstract Conventional pulmonary rehabilitation programs are used as therapies for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, this modality presents barriers that make rehabilitation difficult. For this reason, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HBPR) has been used to overcome these barriers. The objective was to systematically compare a structured program with HBPR or a control group for participants with COPD. The primary outcome was an improvement in symptoms in the level of dyspnea and secondary outcomes were parameters in lung function, exercise capacity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the impact of the disease on the individual. The Medline (via PubMed), Virtual Health Library and Cochrane Library databases were searched until May 10, 2021. Randomized controlled trials were included without restrictions on the year of publication or language. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB). Our results showed that there was a significant decrease in the level of dyspnea, (MD: 5.46; 95% CI: 1.97 to 8.96), increased distance covered (MD: 61.75; 95% CI: 42, 94 to 80.56, significant improvement in HRQoL (MD: −11.30; 95% CI: −19.81 to −2.79) and reduction in the impact of the disease (DM: −4.71; 95% CI: −7.95 to −1.47). All results found were comparing the intervention group versus the control group. To conclude we found a reduction in the levels of dyspnea, an increase in the distance covered on the six-minute walk test, improving HRQoL and decreasing the impact of the disease in COPD patients in home-based pulmonary rehabilitation. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2021. 2020234 .
Which Stakeholders’ Sector Matters in Rural Development? That Is the Problem

In the age of COVID, the regaining of economies appears mostly imperative, and rural areas could play a crucial role in this framework. The question of inhabitants’ dispersion and low density, and the exodus of rural people to bigger urban centers have determined an adverse effect on rural development. Rural isolation rises to be a higher order good, delivering a higher degree of security in the pandemic context for those seeking refuge from gatherings of cities. Rural areas provide food, natural environments, and resources that help occupations, development, and wealth trends and preserve cultural heritage. Consequently, rural spaces are vital for several motives and thus it is essential to focus on issue of rural development, especially since lacking rural development does not allow dialoging about development in a regional and/or national perspective. This paper investigates the stakeholders’ impact on rural development, by considering the increasing role of stakeholders as well as the specificity of the diverse objectives pursued by these groups. As there are several stakeholder groups, attention was sweeping, defining them in a sectoral way to corporate, sciences, public administrations, and society. Where there was a need to distinguish among these sectors groups of stakeholders in a more detailed way, such identification took place, for example, in relation to social leaders. The analysis of the results of the questionnaire survey performed in 2020 aimed to accomplish the identified purposes of the paper. The online survey using the CAWI method was conducted in southeastern Poland among people representing all stakeholder groups. The outcomes of the investigation indicate the great prominence of business in the development of rural areas being able to generate added value and influence the increase of entity potential.
Inclusions of Amorphous and Crystalline SiO2 in Minerals from Itrongay (Madagascar) and Other Evidence for the Natural Occurrence of Hydrosilicate Fluids

Experimental studies increasingly often report low-temperature (200–800 °C) and low-pressure (0.05–3 kbar) hydrosilicate fluids with >40 wt. % of SiO2 and >10 wt. % of H2O. Compositionally similar fluids were long suggested to potentially exist in natural systems such as pegmatites and hydrothermal veins. However, they are rarely invoked in recent petrogenetic models, perhaps because of the scarcity of direct evidence for their natural occurrence. Here we review such evidence from previous works and add to this by documenting inclusions of hydrosilicate fluids in quartz and feldspar from Itrongay. The latter comprise opal-A, opal-CT, moganite and quartz inclusions that frequently contain H2O and have negative crystal shapes. They coexist with inclusions of CO2- and H2O-rich fluids and complex polycrystalline inclusions containing chlorides, sulphates, carbonates, arsenates, oxides, hydroxides and silicates, which we interpret as remnants of saline liquids. Collectively, previous studies and our new results indicate that hydrosilicate fluids may be common in the Earth’s crust, although their tendency to transform into quartz upon cooling and exhumation renders them difficult to recognise. These data warrant more comprehensive research into the nature of such hydrosilicate fluids and their distribution across a wide range of pressure and temperature conditions and geological systems.