Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A rare case of septic thrombosis in the inferior vena cava with embolism Der seltene Fall einer septischen, embolisierenden Thrombose der Vena cava

Summary This paper presents the case of a 61-year-old female patient who complained about exhaustion and fever during curative therapy, a few weeks after hysterectomie and adnexectomy. Antibiotic therapy could only improve these symptoms though only in the short term. Additionally, a venous port, which had been implanted for the purpose of cytoreduction chemotherapy, was suspected of a catheter infection and was removed. However, this did not lead to a substantial improvement of the patient’s general state of health, but ultimately triggered a sepsis, making necessary treatment in intensive care unit. At this stage, the detailed search for the focus of the infection led to the discovery of an infected thrombosis of the inferior vena cava with bilateral septic pulmonal embolisms and with an abscess. Thus, the source of sepsis had to be removed by surgery, a transfemoral thrombectomy was performed and an inguinal arteriovenous fistula was created. The further course of the disease was without complications; the patient could be released into ambulant treatment 24 days after the surgery. The elective sealing of the arteriovenous fistula was carried out 11 months later. In the follow- up, there were no hints for infection; the deep venous system in particular did not indicate any new thrombosis or of residual thrombi, with the tumor follow-up-care showing a complete remission. Zusammenfassung Es wird der Fall einer 61-jährigen Patientin vorgestellt, die während der kurativen Therapie eines Ovarialkarzinoms wenige Wochen nach der gynäkologischen Totaloperation über Abgeschlagenheit und Fieber klagte, welche sich unter antibiotischer Therapie nur kurzfristig besserten. Auch die Entfernung des für die neoadjuvante Chemotherapie implantierten venösen Portes bei Verdacht auf das Vorliegen eines Katheterinfektes führte zu keiner wesentlichen Besserung des Allgemeinzustandes. Letztendlich entwickelte sich eine Sepsis mit intensivmedizinischer Therapienotwendigkeit. Bei der ausführlichen Infektfokussuche fand sich eine infizierte Thrombose der Vena cava inferior mit bereits stattgefundenen septischen pulmonalen Embolien beidseits mit Abszedierung, so dass die Indikation zur operativen Sanierung des Infektherdes gestellt wurde. Es erfolgte eine transfemorale Thrombektomie mit Anlage einer inguinalen AV-Fistel. Der weitere Verlauf war komplikationslos, die Patientin konnte 24 Tage postoperativ in die ambulante Behandlung entlassen werden. Der elektive Verschluss der AV-Fistel erfolgte elf Monate später. Im Follow-up war die Patientin frei von Infektparametern, das tiefe Venensystem war insbesondere ohne Hinweis für eine Re-Thrombose oder Residualthromben und auch die Tumornachsorge zeigte eine komplette Remission.
A conversion electron Mossbauer spectral study of Dy/sub 3/Fe/sub 5/O/sub 12/ thin films

Thin films of the garnet, Dy/sub 3/Fe/sub 5/O/sub 12/, have been sputtered on quartz plates using both a ceramic target of powdered Dy/sub 3/Fe/sub 5/O/sub 12/ and a metallic target of Dy and Fe. In the latter case, the metallic DyFe thin film has subsequently been oxidized at temperatures between 1173 and 1373 K. The x-ray diffraction patterns and conversion electron Mossbauer spectra, CEMS, of the thin films prepared from the ceramic target show only the garnet phase, whereas those of the thin films prepared from the metallic target show the garnet phase and two impurity phases, Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and DyFeO/sub 3/. The CEMS of the ceramic target thin films indicate that the iron magnetic moments are not oriented along the [111] axis, as is usually observed in bulk materials, but are compatible with moments oriented along the [211] axis. Further, the relative areas of the six lines of the five component sextets used to model the spectra reveal that the hyperfine fields are rotated by 34/spl deg/ from the normal to the thin films. In contrast, the relative areas of the Dy/sub 3/Fe/sub 5/O/sub 12/ spectrum in the metallic target films reveal that the hyperfine fields are rotated by 60/spl deg/ from the normal to the thin films. Hence, the orientation of the iron moments is influenced by the film preparation route.
Stability of Difference Schemes for Nonlinear Time-dependent Problems

Abstract In the present paper, a priori estimates of the stability in the sense of the initial data of the difference schemes approximating quasilinear parabolic equations and nonlinear transfer equation have been obtained. The basic point is connected with the necessity of estimating all derivatives entering into the nonlinear part of the difference equations. These estimates have been proved without any assumptions about the properties of the differential equations and depend only on the behavior of the initial and boundary conditions. As distinct from linear problems, the obtained estimates of stability in the general case exist only for the finite instant of time t 6 t0 connected with the fact that the solution of the Riccati equation becomes infinite. is already associated with the behavior of the second derivative of the initial function and coincides with the time of the exact solution destruction (heat localization in the peaking regime). A close relation between the stability and convergence of the difference scheme solution is given. Thus, not only a priori estimates for stability have been established, but it is also shown that the obtained conditions permit exact determination of the time of destruction of the solution of the initial boundary value problem for the original nonlinear differential equation in partial derivatives. In the present paper, concrete examples confirming the theoretical conclusions are given.
The propagation of eddies in diffluent jetstreams: Eddy vorticity forcing of ‘blocking’ flow fields

Numerical experiments are performed with barotropic models to test a hypothesized mechanism by which barotropic eddies can, through Reynolds stresses, reinforce blocking flow patterns. Eddies propagating into a split Jetstream suffer an east-west compression and north-south extension of their vorticity fields and this enhanced, local enstrophy cascade is associated with energy transmission to the straining flow (i.e. the blocking flow field) and a characteristic pattern of vorticity forcing by transient motion. As a first step in demonstrating this mechanism, the barotropic vorticity equation is integrated in a form linearized about a state chosen to represent a split Jetstream with a prescribed eddy forcing function upstream. After thirty days of model integration, the time-mean eddy kinetic energy, enstrophy and vorticity flux divergence are calculated, together with mean eddy vorticity flux vectors. The resulting eddy vorticity forcing field can be used to determine the second-order induced flow. Experiments with the nonlinear barotropic vorticity equation show that dipole blocking patterns can be created simply by the introduction of an eddy generator into sufficiently weak, uniform westerly flow. Eddies alone are responsible for the block since the time-mean vorticity equation has no external forcing functions such as an orographic term. Monthly mean statistics are again calculated and terms in the time-mean vorticity equation are compared. Anticyclonic eddy vorticity forcing appears just upstream of the ‘blocking high’ in agreement with data analysed by Illari (1982) for the anomalous circulation over Europe in July 1976. Model flow fields fluctuate in a manner highly reminiscent of blocking episodes as observed in 500mb contour maps with strong bursts of southerly winds on the western flank of blocking highs during the approach and subsequent stagnation of each depression. The proposed straining mechanism and model simulations are in agreement with early observational studies of blocking.
The immune regulation and epidemiological consequences of immune priming in Drosophila

Invertebrates lack the specialized immune-memory cells responsible for vertebrate-like acquired immunity. However, there is increasing evidence that past infection by the same pathogen can ‘prime’ the insect immune response, resulting in improved survival upon reinfection. The mechanisms underlying these phenomenological accounts of priming are diverse, and often not completely clear. Here, we investigated the generality, specificity and mechanistic basis of immune priming in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster when infected with the gram-negative bacterial pathogen Providencia rettgeri. We further explore the epidemiological consequences of immune priming and find it has the potential to curtail pathogen transmission by reducing pathogen shedding. We find that priming in Drosophila is a long-lasting, pathogen-specific response, occurring in several fly genetic backgrounds and is particularly stronger in male flies. Mechanistically, we find that the enhanced survival of individuals primed with an initial non-lethal bacterial inoculum coincides with a transient decrease in bacterial loads, and that this is likely driven by the IMD-responsive antimicrobial-peptide Diptericin-B in the fat body. Further, we show that while Diptericins are required as the effector of bacterial clearance, it is not solely sufficient for immune priming, and requires regulation by the peptidoglycan recognition proteins PGRP-LB, PGRP-LC and PGRP-LE. We discuss potential explanations for the observed sex differences in priming, and discuss the epidemiological consequences of innate immune priming in invertebrates. Author summary Immunisation using attenuated or inactivated pathogens remains one of the most successful public health practices to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases. Immunisation works because humans and other vertebrate animals have evolved an immune response capable of specific immune memory, which ensures a strong, precise, and effective response to a secondary infection. While invertebrates lack the vertebrate-like specialized immune memory cells responsible for acquired immunity, there is now substantial evidence that invertebrates are capable of immune priming, characterised by improved survival to a pathogenic infection following an initial exposure to an attenuated or inactivated pathogen. Here, we investigated the occurrence, generality, specificity and mechanistic basis of immune priming in fruit flies when infected with the gram-negative pathogen Providencia rettgeri. We find that priming with an initial non-lethal bacterial inoculum results increased survival after a secondary lethal challenge with the same live bacterial pathogen, and that this protective response may last at least two weeks after the initial exposure, is particularly strong in male flies, and occurs in several genetic backgrounds. We also find that primed flies shed less pathogen during infection, suggesting that priming can be a useful tool to reduce pathogen transmission in insects.
Therapeutic options in male osteoporosis

Summary Osteoporosis in men is increasingly recognized as an important public health problem but affected patients are still under-diagnosed and -treated. As in women the diagnostic and therapeutic strategy has to be adapted to the individual case. In the practical management it is very important to detect possible causes of secondary osteoporosis, to explain the possibilities of basic therapy counteracting individual risk factors and communicate that osteoporosis is a chronic disease and adherence to a long-term treatment is crucial. In established severe osteoporosis a careful analgesic therapy is important to avoid further bone loss related to immobility. In elderly men with increased risk of falling insufficient Vitamin D supply or impaired activation of Vitamin D due to renal insufficiency must be taken into consideration. Specific medications available today for the treatment of male osteoporosis comprise among antiresorptive drugs the bis phosphonates alendronate, risedronate and zoledronic acid. Denosumab, the first biological therapy is approved for men with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. An important advantage of this potent antiresorptive drug is the increased adherence due to the comfortable application by sixmonthly subcutaneous injections. Study results from the 2-year multi-center randomized controlled ADAMO-Study will very soon allow the use of denosumab in all types of male osteoporosis. Teriparatide, the 34 N-terminal amino acid sequence of parathyroid hormone was approved for men with osteoporosis as an anabolic agent based on proven efficacy by different studies. Among drugs with other modes of action the D-hormone pro-drug alfacalcidol can be used in men alone or in combination with the advantage of pleiotropic effects on calcium absorption, parathyroids, bone and muscle. Recently also Strontium-ranelate was approved for male patients with the limitation to exclude men with clinical relevant cardiovascular risk factors. In general the possibilities to treat male osteoporosis have considerably improved during recent years. Today there is a choice of a spectrum of drugs from mild to strong potency with different modes of action on bone turnover to design strategies for individual male patients.
Spray Structures of Liquid Jets Atomized in Subsonic Crossflows

The structures of spray plumes from 0.5-mm waterjets injected into a subsonic crosse ow were experimentally investigated using phase Doppler particle anemometry. Droplet size, axial velocity, and volume e ux were measured across the spray plume at several axial distances downstream of the injector exit. Results indicate that large droplets can be found in the central portion of the spray plume for cases with small liquid/air momentum e ux ratios and in which the momentum exchange between column waves and the airstream is signie cant. For cases with large-momentum e ux ratios, the droplet size distribution exhibits a concave-layered structure, with the peak on the centerline and large droplets at the top. Droplets were found to concentrate in a small area within the spray plume, which indicates that the liquid mass distribution is not uniform. The height of the maximum volume e ux locations, an indicator of the location of the highest concentration of droplets, was measured and correlated with momentum e ux ratios and axial distances. It was found that more droplets are distributed toward the upper portion of the spray plume for larger momentum e ux ratios. Spray penetration, spray width, penetration-to-width ratio, and spray cross-sectional area were also found to increase with the momentum e ux ratio.
Quantum communication through open-ended quantum networks

We study a one-dimensional fibre-coupled cavity array with an open-end boundary condition, where each cavity is doped with a two-level atom, and obtain explicit expressions for the dynamics evolution of the array with arbitrary number of nodes in the far off-resonant condition. It is shown that distant state transfer and entanglement generation schemes may be implemented through this quantum network and an arbitrary state is transferred with high fidelity for the array with specific number of nodes. The entanglement transfer through both single array and double independent arrays is also examined.
Of Predators, Prey, and Power Laws

Power laws are used by biologists to express how physiological, ecological, and life-history attributes relate to body size in animals (scaling or allometric relationships). In his Perspective, Marquet discusses new data (Carbone and Gittleman) that explain the anomalous nature of the power law for carnivore population density and body size.
Recurrence rates and form of recurrence after endoluminal ablation of the great saphenous vein A

Objectives In addition to combined crossectomy and stripping or pure sclerotherapy, various endovenous thermal procedures are now available for treatment, which are compared in the present study. Methods Between 2009 and 2013, the GSV was ablated in 297 patients using one of four methods: EVLA 1470nm, ClosureFast, RFITT or superheated steam. The recurrence rate after treatment was defined as the primary endpoint. Follow-up examina-tions with
Compression therapy during pregnancy: bane or boon?

Background: During pregnancy, various factors cause the development of peripheral oedema in the lower limb. In addition, pregnancy is a risk factor for the development of varicose veins and thromboembolic events. Prophylactic provision of pregnant women with compression hosiery is often only performed in risk situations, but not as standard treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of an optimally adjusted compression therapy with regard to the reduction in oedema and subjective symptoms during pregnancy. Patients and methods: In a randomised, prospective study, 21 pregnant women (33.4 years of age [SD 4.4 years]) in the clinical stages C0 (3), C1 (11), C2 (6) and C3 (1) were investigated. 13 women were supplied with a compression pantyhose, 8 women had no compression. At 4-weekly intervals, the patients’ leg circumference and leg volume were measured using water plethysmography and non-contact Image 3D. In parallel to this, the women’s quality of life and subjective symptoms were evaluated using patient questionnaires. Digital photoplethysmography, Doppler and duplex ultrasound examination of the leg veins were conducted at the beginning of the study, shortly before delivery and 3 months postpartum. Results: In both groups, a growing leg volume increase occurred linear with the increase in body weight during the pregnancy. However, water plethysmography showed a much smaller increase in lower leg volume in the patient group with compression hosiery (p<0.05). At the beginning of the study, the quality of life and the subjective symptoms had been rated as worse in the group with compression hosiery than in the group without it. During the course of pregnancy, however, an improvement occurred rather than any exacerbation. The negative characteristics of wearing the compression hosiery were rated as negligible, which was reflected in the high compliance with regard to the length of time the hosiery was worn. Conclusion: Compression therapy in pregnant women is well tolerated and counteracts the pregnancy-induced increase in lower leg volume and should therefore be included in the general health care recommendation for pregnant women.
Hopf bifurcations in three coupled oscillators with internal symmetries

We consider how internal symmetries can effect the solutions observed in three symmetrically coupled oscillators due to a symmetry-breaking Hopf bifurcation, and in particular consider three cases where the coupling terms produce or equivariance with respect to an ‘Internal’ symmetry. We do this by, first, examining the generic behaviour expected on the respective centre manifolds before interpreting these results as solution branches in systems of coupled oscillators and, finally, presenting some numerical examples. By using the standard techniques, we thus present a specific example of the more general approach of Dionne et al. in a more familiar setting, as well as carrying out additional stability calculations. It turns out that is becomes extremely important how we couple the individual oscillators with respect to the internal symmetry, with the case producing some quite unexpected results
Surface roughness predictive modeling: neural networks versus regression

Surface roughness plays an important role in product quality and manufacturing process planning. This research focuses on developing an empirical model for surface roughness prediction in finish turning. The model considers the following working parameters: work-piece hardness (material), feed, cutter nose radius, spindle speed and depth of cut. Two competing data mining techniques, nonlinear regression analysis and computational neural networks, are applied in developing the empirical models. The values of surface roughness predicted by these models are then compared with those from some of the representative models in the literature. Metal cutting experiments and tests of hypothesis demonstrate that the models developed in this research have a satisfactory goodness of fit. It has also presented a rigorous procedure for model validation and model comparison. In addition, some future research directions are outlined.
Spectroscopy of single metallic nanoparticles using total internal reflection microscopy

We have developed a simple, fast, and flexible technique to measure optical scattering spectra of individual metallic nanoparticles. The particles are placed in an evanescent field produced by total internal reflection of light from a halogen lamp in a glass prism. The light scattered by individual particles is collected using a conventional microscope and is spectrally analyzed by a nitrogen-cooled charge-coupled-device array coupled to a spectrometer. This technique is employed to measure the effect of particle diameter on the dephasing time of the particle plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles. We also demonstrate the use of this technique for measurements in liquids, which is important for the potential application of particle plasmons in chemical or biological nanosensors.
Dynamical models of two‐dimensional downdraughts

Observational and numerical model data have indicated the crucial role of the downdraught in the motion, structure and regeneration of severe storms. This paper considers downdraught dynamics in two dimensions, using both a numerical and an analytical model. In the numerical model the downdraught is produced and maintained by a constant heat sink. The adjustment of an ambient inflow, and the resultant downdraught and potential regeneration of storm cells, is simulated. To elucidate physical principles, steady analytical models are also described in which a simple parametrization of downdraught thermodynamics is used. Two distinct types of individual draught dynamics, labelled symmetric and jump, have been identified allowing a qualitative description of six dynamically consistent updraughts and downdraughts. In particular, a cold symmetric downdraught and a cold jumptype updraught are analysed, the former having negative, the latter positive outflow shear. These analytical solutions agree well with steady states developed by the numerical model. The numerical model is also used to describe the propagation of downstream and upstream gust fronts, and these results are in good agreement with atmospheric and tank data.
Journal of Energy

— During their lifespan all primary HV equipment in - stalled in the power system is subjected to transients. Therefore, it is necessary to adequately dimension and protect the equipment. Howe - ver, in the networks with high share of renewables, power electronics, cables or near gas insulated substation (GIS), the failure can occur even though good practices of insulation coordination are fulfilled. In this paper, a high-frequency power transformer model is pre - sented. Such model is based on measurements of admittance ma - trix and is adequate for simulation of fast front transients in EMTP like software. Additionally, simulations of transferred lightning and switching overvoltages are given for the observed power transformer unit