Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of using essential oil of Lavandula stoechas in quail feed on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and health status

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of essential oil of Lavandula stoechas (Lavender) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and health status of quails. Materials and Methods: A group of 600 1-day-old Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix japonica), with an average weight of 6.8±0.2 g and a 1:1 sex ratio, were randomly assigned to four groups (150 chicks/group): three experimental groups which depend on the incorporation of lavender oil (LO) in the different phases of breeding and one control group. The experimental groups received a supplement of 1 g LO per kg of feed distributed sequentially throughout the entire 42-day breeding period. Results: No deaths were recorded throughout the breeding period. Highly significant differences were observed among the groups with regard to body weight measured on day 20 and day 42 (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). The addition of LO was accompanied by reductions in liver weights; furthermore, LO had a significant effect on the pH, water content, and fat content of the meat (p<0.05). Administration of LO had a measurable effect on the endogenous intestinal population of Lactobacillus, and the bacterial load (including those of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) was significantly reduced. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that supplementing quail feed with LO has a profound effect on their growth as well as antimicrobial effects.
Running head: LONG-TERM MEMORY IN DEVELOPMENT Title: Differentiation of functional networks during long-term memory retrieval in children and adolescents

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Bitterness Intensity of Oxidized Hop Acids: Humulinones and Hulupones

Humulinone and hulupone extracts were prepared for evaluating their bitterness intensity in beer. Previously established methods for oxidizing α- and β-acids followed by preparative liquid chromatography resulted in humulinone and hulupone extracts of 93.5 and 92.7% purity, respectively, as measured by HPLC. The humulinone and hulupone extracts were dosed into unhopped lager over a range of concentrations from 8 to 40 mg/L. Similarly, purified iso-α-acids were dosed into unhopped beer at concentrations ranging from 6 to 30 mg/L. A nine-member trained panel scaled the bitterness intensity of all samples in five replicated testing sessions. Humulinones were found to be 66% as bitter as iso-α-acids (±13%), and hulupones were found to be 84% as bitter as iso-α-acids (±10%). The results of this study suggest that humulinones and hulupones are more bitter than was previously suspected.
THE EFFECTS OF FEED SUPPLEMENTED WITH OMEGA-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS ON CULTURED ABALONE

The long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) are associated with a broad range of health benefits including reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, arthritis and certain cancers. In addition, they have also been found to play a role in reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, depression and schizophrenia. Seafoods are the main sources of LC n-3 PUFA. The LC n-3 PUFA and total lipid contents of marine animals can be influenced by a range of biological and environmental factors such as the diet of animals, water temperature, and the reproductive cycle. This research looked at the effects of dietary fish oil (FO) supplements on tissue fatty acid composition, expression of desaturase and elongase genes and growth performance of adult cultured Jade Tiger hybrid abalone. It also examined the effects of replacement of FO with vegetable oils on fatty acid composition, expression of desaturase and elongase genes, and growth performance of abalone. In addition the contents of total lipid and fatty acid of tissues were also examined over four seasons.
Brightness and recipient in the emergence and development of cedar plants

Cedar is a species of great economic value and intensive exploitation by timber industries. The conventional production presents problems of standardization and research that would require the propagation and development. This work aimed to evaluate the emergence and development of cedar plants (Cedrela odorata) through the use of morphological parameters, produced in different environments and recipients. The experimental design was completely randomized, arranged in a factorial arrangement 2 x 2 (two sizes of recipients and two light intensities in Plantmax® with five replications of 10 plants. The evaluations were performed daily after sowing until the 63th day, environment in full sun and shading of 50% in tubes with volumes of 50 and 110 cc. These characteristics were the emergency number of seedlings, the index of germination speed, the diameter of the collar, the length of root length shoot, the dry weight of root and dry weight of shoots. Based on the results of the small container (50 cm3) may be used. The environment with 50% shade enhanced growth of seedlings of cedar until the day 63th.
Enhanced egg production in practice: the case of bio-omega-3 egg.

Objective of this research was to determine the effect of enriched feed “Bio-omega” on the hens performance under practical conditions in the farm Totally of 16,000 Hisex Layers were divided into two treatment groups (8,000 hens in each group), housed in cages (4 hens in each cage) and were to age of 30 to 50 weeks. Hens received food and water ad libitum from 30th to 50th week of age. The diet was supplement with standard type diet, and enriched type diet plus herbal mix, extra some minerals and vitamins. Egg production, egg weight, feed intake, mortality, as well as, yolk fatty acid composition and internal egg quality characteristics were recorded. Based on obtained results of the investigation it can be conducted that the enriched diet had positive effect on hens performance. Thus, egg production for hens fed enriched type diet was over 90 % for more to 8 wks, feed intake was in average 107.8 g per hen and day, egg weight increase and was in average 65.1 g per egg and mortality was 1.5 %. Concerning the internal egg quality characteristics, hens receiving the enriched diet produced less intensively colored egg yolks than those received the control diet. The fatty acid composition of the egg yolk was significantly affected by the diet. Eggs from hens fed the enriched diet had more omega-3 fatty acids ,more vitamin E, less cholesterol (170 mg Vs 200 per regular egg), more folic acid, Iodine and selenium in comparison to regular eggs.
Risk Factors of Mortality in Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children (1 Month to 5 Years)

Introduction : ARI has been estimated to be the single largest cause of death in young children. This study will be used to evaluate factors that may predict mortality due to ALRTI in children, thus helping to identify those at risk, so that timely therapeutic measures may be instituted. Material and Methods : A prospective case control study on 200 children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in the age group of 1 month to 5 years of age, conducted during the period august 2010 to October 2011 at Ekta institute of child health, Raipur, C.G. Detailed history, clinical examination, radiological and biochemical tests were done. Case fatality rate was calculated using formula- Total number of deaths due to a particular disease / Total number of cases due to the same disease × 100 Chi square test was applied and p value calculated. Results: Cases were those who died during study & controls were those who were discharged. There were 182 controls and 18 cases, the risk factors which were evaluated are 1-2 months age, male child, class V socioeconomic status, grade IV malnutrition, very severe pneumonia, afebrile, hyponatremic and hypoxemic patients. Conclusion: In children with an acute lower respiratory tract infection, simple physical signs that require minimal expertise to recognise can be used to determine oxygen therapy and to aid in screening for referral. The association between hypoxemia and death highlights the need for early recognition of the condition and the potential benefit of treatment.
Compiling Measurement Invariant Short Scales in Cross–Cultural Personality Assessment Using Ant Colony Optimization

Examining the influence of culture on personality and its unbiased assessment is the main subject of cross–cultural personality research. Recent large–scale studies exploring personality differences across cultures share substantial methodological and psychometric shortcomings that render it difficult to differentiate between method and trait variance. One prominent example is the implicit assumption of cross–cultural measurement invariance in personality questionnaires. In the rare instances where measurement invariance across cultures was tested, scalar measurement invariance—which is required for unbiased mean–level comparisons of personality traits—did not hold. In this article, we present an item sampling procedure, ant colony optimization, which can be used to select item sets that satisfy multiple psychometric requirements including model fit, reliability, and measurement invariance. We constructed short scales of the IPIP–NEO–300 for a group of countries that are culturally similar (USA, Australia, Canada, and UK) as well as a group of countries with distinct cultures (USA, India, Singapore, and Sweden). In addition to examining factor mean differences across countries, we provide recommendations for cross–cultural research in general. From a methodological perspective, we demonstrate ant colony optimization's versatility and flexibility as an item sampling procedure to derive measurement invariant scales for cross–cultural research. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology
How Does Allocation of Emotional Stimuli Impact Working Memory Tasks? An Overview

In this review, we investigated the influence of happy/pleasurable and sad/unpleasant emotional stimuli on working memory (WM) performance. Twenty-eight out of 356 articles were reviewed. We observed that emotional stimuli were used as mood inductors or as targets comprising the WM task. Results showed that WM modalities were influenced differently when updating, interference resolution, span, and complex tasks were applied. Specifically, we found distinct effects of emotional stimuli for updating tasks, in which (a) verbal modality seems to be impaired regardless of the emotional valence used compared to neutral stimuli, (b) visual updating processes appear to be improved by emotional stimuli as the targets of the task, and (c) emotional words improved interference resolution performance. As for storage, span, and complex WM tasks, sad/unpleasant emotional stimuli seem to decrease both verbal and visuospatial modalities when used as emotional inductors.
GABA-b receptors and calcium homeostasis in medullo-spinal CSF-contacting neurons

Au niveau du canal central (CC) du tronc cerebral et de la moelle epiniere, on trouve des neurones au contact avec le liquide cephalorachidien (Nc-LCR). Les Nc-LCR sont GABAergiques et projettent une seule dendrite dans le CC qui se termine par une large protrusion. Ils expriment selectivement le canal PKD2L1 pour lequel des fonctions de chimio- et mecanorecepteur ont ete demontrees. Compte tenu de leur localisation, de leur morphologie et de l’expression selective de PKD2L1, les Nc-LCR representeraient une nouvelle population de neurones sensoriels dans le SNC. Au cours de ma these, je me suis concentree sur la caracterisation des canaux Ca2+ et les mecanismes de signalisation Ca2+ dans les Nc-LCR bulbo-spinaux de souris. Je rapporte que les Nc-LCR expriment des canaux Ca2+ qui sont modules par les recepteurs metabotropiques GABAB et muscarinique. Je montre aussi l'implication des stocks intracellulaires dans la regulation du Ca2+ intracellulaire. Ensuite, je demontre pour la premiere fois la relation fonctionnelle entre la protrusion et le soma et indique que la protrusion serait depourvu de conductance ionique active. Enfin, pour aborder le role des Nc-LCR, j'ai developpe des modeles chimiogenetiques (DREADDs) et optogenetiques (channelrhodopsin) chez la souris afin de manipuler selectivement l'activite Nc-LCR. Dans l'ensemble, les resultats de mon etude de doctorat contribuent a mieux comprendre les Nc-LCR bulbo-spinaux des mammiferes en en contribuant a la caracterisation de leur physiologie et modulation. Ils ouvrent egalement la voie a de futures etudes qui permettront de demontrer le role de cette population neuronale dans la regulation de l'activite du SNC.
A semi-microscopic model of synaptic transmission and plasticity

A stochastic model of synaptic transmission has been designed on the basis of electro-physiological experiments. Monte Carlo simulations are performed which include presynaptic mechanisms of recruitment and calcium related release of vesicles, transmitter dynamics in the cleft and postsynaptic receptor kinetics. The model of presynaptic vesicle dynamics has been designed on the basis of experimentally observed patterns of synaptic depression (and facilitation) at the Calyx of Held in the mammalian auditory pathway. It comprises two types of vesicles, readily-releasable vesicles and in addition reluctantly-releasable vesicles, as well as facilitation of release as consequence of changes in the global residual calcium accumulating during previous repetitive activity. It is demonstrated that the transmitter dynamics within the cleft can be effectively modeled by a two-dimensional diffusion process, where absorbing boundary conditions reflect the effect of transmitter uptake by transporters and diffusion into extra-synaptic space. The transmitter diffusion within the cleft is slowed down compared to aqueous solution and an estimate of the effective diffusion coefficient is provided. The neurotransmitter interacts with individual spatially distributed receptors, which are included in the model on the basis of kinetic Markov models. The modeling steps of presynaptic vesicle dynamics, transmitter motion in the cleft and its interaction with postsynaptic receptors are combined to create a model of a single synaptic connection between two neurons. Postsynaptic responses are studied as function of input-frequency and possible physiological determinants. It is shown that the specific combination of release-probability, receptor desensitization and presynaptic release-machinery determines whether synaptic connections facilitate or depress and sets the range of input-rates, i.e. frequencies that can be transmitted towards the postsynaptic side.
Awareness and Knowledge of Dental Implants as an Option for Replacing Missing Teeth: A Survey in Hyderabad, India

Introduction: Awareness among patients regarding use of implants is in need and for which effective and adequate communication is vital. Aims and Objectives: To gauge the awareness and knowledge regarding dental implants as an option of treatment to replace missing teeth among patients in Hyderabad, India. Material and Methods: A standardized selfexplanatory questionnaire was prepared and distributed in five dental clinics of Hyderabad. The questionnaires were handed to the patients during their regular dental visits. A total of 450 subjects were included in this survey. Results: We found that 62.5% (250) patients had some knowledge about dental implants. The main source of information regarding dental implants was form their friends and relatives (35%; 140 subjects) and dentists being the secondary source for 30% (120) of the sample. The major hindering factor that prevents patients from choosing implants was cost effectiveness in 87.5% (350) of the cases. Conclusion: The awareness and knowledge about dental implants in the subjects were acceptable among a selected sample of dental patients in Hyderabad, India. Still there is a need for providing more general and accurate information to the patients about this latest treatment modality.
Evaluation of Role of Xpert MTB/RIF in Diagnosis of Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients attending Tertiary Care Hospital

BACKGROUND: Globally extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for 25% of all tuberculosis cases. The Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a newly developed, automated diagnostic molecular test recommended by WHO for diagnosing EPTB. In the current situation determination of MDR status is also important. Thus Xpert MTB/RIF assay plays a major role in diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis and MDR status. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate Xpert MTB/RIF assay in diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis in extra pulmonary samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Around 500 extra pulmonary samples from patients suspected of extrapulmonary tuberculosis were tested. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF with gold standard liquid culture and composite gold standard. Individually each sample type were analysed against liquid culture. RESULTS: In total 500 extrapulmonary samples were analysed against culture and composite gold standard. Compared to gold standard liquid culture, the sensitivity and specificity of Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay was 94.7% and 99.5% respectively. While using Composite Gold Standard, Xpert MTB/RIF assay showed a pooled sensitivity of 63.5% and specificity of 99.5%. Multidrug resistance tuberculosis was reported in 5.35% of extrapulmonary samples. CONCLUSION: We conclude that Xpert MTB/RIF assay can be used for diagnosing extra pulmonary tuberculosis with a good sensitivity and specificity. It also allows rapid identification of MDR TB.
Survey of UK Consultant Hip Surgeons’ Opinions on Surgeon Specific Data Publication in Orthopaedic Surgery.

Introduction: The publication of surgeon specific data (SSD) in the UK is presented with mortality as a key indicator. Mortality is rare but there are other measures that would be more informative such as revision and infection rates. Publication of individual surgeon data has potentially significant implications on service provision, innovation and training. Our questionnaire aims to explore the opinions on the current format of data publications and related concerns. Methods: A questionnaire was adapted from one used in a survey of UK cardiothoracic surgeons. The questionnaire explored topics that had been defined previously in cardiothoracic literature. There is very little literature that discusses public reporting of orthopaedic outcomes. In this study 395 members of the British Hip Society election were invited to complete a modified anonymised questionnaire online utilising questions with Likert Scale answers and free comments. Results: The return rate was 28% (110/395) which was much lower than the returns from the cardiothoracic surgeons (77%). Some of the responses include; 55% are against publication of SSD but 70% support Hospital specific data, 89% believe that published data will be misinterpreted by the public, 77% believe that published data will be misinterpreted by referring colleagues (GPs), 67% believe that publication of this data will have adverse effect on training, 63% feel that more surgeons will be risk averse, and 58% believe morale is lower amongst surgeons. There is also extensive free text commentary provided by participants all expressing concern at the current publication of data, their structure and effect. Conclusions: From this study we conclude that the current reporting of data has made many practitioners risk-averse. There is a feeling that this data is no adequate in its current form and will be subject to manipulation with long-term effects on patient care, training, and morale.
Genetic analysis of red pericarp in weedy rice (Oryza sativa L. f. spontaneous).

Red pericarp is one of the basic characteristics of weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.f.spontaneous). In order to determine the heredity of red pericarp,the new discovered weedy rice line W16,which collected from Yangzhong,Jiangsu Province,and 02428 were used as parents to make the reciprocal crosses,and the colour of the seeds of relevant F1,F2,F3 generation were phenotyped.The results indicated that the red pericarp of weedy rice is controlled by single dominant nuclear gene,belonging to the typical maternal influence.White pericarp in rice has been shown to be due to a 14 bp deletion in Rc gene on chromosome 7 which encodes a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein.An InDel marker,RID14,was developed based on the 14 bp deletion,and RID14 was cosegregated with the colour of pericarp in the F2 population,allowing to identify the homozygous red pericarp genotype,homozygous white pericarp genotype and heterozygous red pericarp genotype individuals.The RID14 PCR products were sequenced from 5 selected weedy rice lines,and all the sequences are same with the common wild rice.24 weedy rice lines which collected in 1950s and in recent years from the region of Yangtze and Huaihe River,3 common wild rice (O.rufipogon) from Guangxi province and 423 germplasm lines were tested with marker RID14,which allows discrimination between red pericarp and white pericarp rice varieties.The primers produce a 154 bp fragment from a red pericarp allele and a 140 bp fragment from a white pericarp allele,allowing simple analysis on PAGE or agarose gels.Therefore the RID14 is a perferct marker to identify the red weedy rice from commercial cultivated rice.
Temporal variation in expression of toxicity in transgenic cottons against bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

Whole leaf bioassays were conducted during 2002-03 with neonates of Helicoverpa armigera to study the variation in expression of toxicity with 3 transgenic lines, Mech 162 Bt and Mech 184 Bt at TNAU, Coimbatore. The bioassay of plants was done at fortnightly intervals in growing phase when plants had commenced squaring,and the third leaf from top on main shoot of the plant was used. Data on the toxicity showed a consistent decline in the efficacy of transgenic cotton plants, high efficacy in early flowering stage and a subsequent decline from 90 to 100 days, synchronizing with early boll formation stage. Decline in larval mortality ranged from 10 to 15% 90 days after sowing. The results of growth inhibition bioassay revealed than mean weight of survivors of H. armigera larvae on Bt leaves and bolls incorporated