Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using a Feminist Paradigm (Intersectionality) to Study Conservative Women: The Case of Pro-life Activists in Italy

Abstract This article builds on ethnographic research concerning the Italian pro-life movement and argues for the use of intersectionality theory in studying conservative women. The article suggests, first, that understanding conservative movements necessitates linking their political claims to the social identities of their activists, as would be the case for any other social movement (e.g., feminism). These social identities are as complex and intersectional as any other: a white, upper-class pro-life activist is no less intersectional than a black feminist from a poor background. Concomitantly, there is no unique feminism, but rather a plurality of feminisms, a diversity that intersectionality facilitates the identification of. The same is true for pro-life movements, but scholars tend to use the singular form to talk about conservatism; in this article, I explore the use of the plural to show that pro-life women do not constitute a monolithic group. On the contrary, these women are diverse in terms of their reproductive stories, their working status, and their class, race, and sexual practices, and this diversity translates into different ways of being pro-life. Second, recognizing this complexity does not suggest a natural link between feminism and conservatism. Alternatively, I suggest that a better understanding of conservative women can only be reached if they are studied on their own terms.
To Study the Pattern of Ocular Trauma and Predict-ing the Final Visual Outcome in Paediatric Ocular Trauma Cases in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre of Eastern India

Aim: The study was done to identify causes, demographic and clinical profile and to evaluate factors influencing visual outcome in paediatric ocular trauma patients (up to 15 years). Study Design: It was a prospective interventional study Place and Duration of the Study: The study was done in a tertiary eye care centre of eastern India between January 2019 to February 2020. Materials and Methods: The study was done from January 2019 to February 2020 on children between 1 year to 15 years of either sex with ocular trauma. Demographic details, cause of injury, presenting visual acuity were noted. Follow up was done till 2 months after carrying out appropriate intervention. Results: A total 106 eyes of 106 patients were evaluated and it was observed that children who were of 7 yrs and above were more affected (67%) than below (33%). Male children (59%) were Original Research Article Prasad et al.; OR, 12(3): 29-33, 2020; Article no. OR.57661 30 more affected than female (41%). Injuries to Adnexa were found in 52% eyes, 40% injury cases were due to closed injury while open globe injuries comprised 8% of total cases. Common causes of injury were found to be mainly blunt objects and projectile objects. Maximum correction in visual acuity (VA) of more than 6/18 was achieved in 66% eyes, 6/18-6/60 in 11% eyes, <6/60-counting finger at 1 meter in 10% eyes. Conclusion: Late reporting, poor initial visual acuity, involvement of posterior segment, and no immediate primary intervention at time of injury adversely affect visual outcome. Early intervention and globe salvaging repair should be done in all eyes of trauma.
Performance and well-being of laying hens subjected to various beak trimming methods and rearing systems

The aim to evaluate whether different beak trimming methods affected the performance and well-being of laying hens raised in cage and floor systems. During the starter phase, we used a completely randomized design, with three treatments (hot blade beak trimming, infrared beak trimming, and no beak trimming (control)), with four repetitions and in the grower and production phase, we used a factorial arrangement scheme involving two production systems (cage or floor) and three beak management methods (as above). We reared the birds in starter, grower and production phases over a course of 30 weeks. We evaluated productivity, egg quality, behavioral parameters and biochemical variables. In the starter phase, control birds showed higher blood glucose levels (p=0.043). In the grower phase, birds subjected to hot blade beak trimming and control birds showed lower feed intake and better feed conversion. Triglyceride levels were higher in the cage rearing system (p<0.05). In the production phase, the cage rearing system showed higher productivity (p<0.05), mean egg weight (p<0.01), cholesterol levels (p<0.05) and oxygen reactive species levels (p<0.05). In the production phase, the floor system gave rise to a higher frequency of comfort movement behaviors (p<0.01). Hens in cage had improved their performance and had greater egg production efficiency. The choice of the beak method depends on the breeding system.
SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfections: Could influenza and the common cold be beneficial?

The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has rapidly spread around the world, causing serious illness and death and creating a heavy burden on the healthcare systems of many countries. Since the virus first emerged in late November 2019, its spread has coincided with peak circulation of several seasonal respiratory viruses, yet some studies have noted limited coinfections between SARS‐CoV‐2 and other viruses. We use a mathematical model of viral coinfection to study SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfections, finding that SARS‐CoV‐2 replication is easily suppressed by many common respiratory viruses. According to our model, this suppression is because SARS‐CoV‐2 has a lower growth rate (1.8/d) than the other viruses examined in this study. The suppression of SARS‐CoV‐2 by other pathogens could have implications for the timing and severity of a second wave.
Non-invasive glucose monitoring devices: A review

Diabetes is a growing chronic disease that affect millions of people in the world. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels in patients is necessary to keep the disease under control. Current methods of blood glucose monitoring devices are typically invasive, causing discomfort to the patients. Non-invasive glucose monitoring devices are a possible game changer for diabetic patients as it reduces discomfort and provides continuous monitoring. This manuscript presents a review of non-invasive glucose biosensors with particular focus on leading technologies available in the market, such as microwave sensing, near-infrared spectroscopy, iontophoresis, and optical methods. This paper intends to describe non-invasive blood glucose monitoring methods using various biological fluids (sweat, saliva, interstitial fluid, urine), highlighting the advantages and drawbacks in latest device development. This review also discusses future trends of glucose detection devices and how it will improve patients’ quality of life.
The Persistence of Abnormal Returns at Industry and Firm Levels

The present paper proposes a model for the persistence of abnormal returns both at firm and industry levels, when longitudinal data for the profits of firms classiffied as industries are available. The model produces a two- way variance decomposition of abnormal returns: (a) at firm versus industry levels, and (b) for permanent versus transitory components. This variance decomposition supplies information on the relative importance of the fundamental components of abnormal returns that have been discussed in the literature. The model is applied to a Spanish sample of firms, obtaining results such as: (a) there are significant and permanent differences between profit rates both at industry and firm levels; (b) variation of abnormal returns at firm level is greater than at industry level; and (c) firm and industry levels do not differ significantly regarding rates of convergence of abnormal returns.
Correlation between human papillomavirus infection and histopathological diagnosis of women in Northeast Brazil

Cervical carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of death among women worldwide. Epidemiological studies claim that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary condition for cervical cancer development. Knowledge of the geographic distribution of HPV is important in guiding the introduction of prophylactic vaccines. This study analyzed the prevalence of HPV infection in cervical samples obtained from women with abnormal cervical histopathological diagnosis in Northeast Brazil. The study included an analysis of 211 women whose diagnosis was confirmed for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 1 (CIN‐1), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 2 (CIN‐2), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 3 (CIN‐3), and cancer. The identification of the HPV genotypes was based on the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. A total of 42.7% of the samples showed a single HPV infection, while 57.3% showed multiple infections. The most common genotypes detected were HPV‐16, HPV‐18, and HPV‐31. HPV‐16, HPV‐31, HPV‐35, and HPV‐18 were the most common types in CIN‐1 with a single infection. HPV‐16 and HPV‐18 were the most often found in CIN‐2 with a single infection. HPV‐16, HPV‐18, and HPV‐31 were the most detected in CIN‐3 with a single infection. HPV‐16 and HPV‐31 were the most frequent in cancer with a single infection. Multiple infection with HPV‐16 shows a 2.7 times greater risk of CIN‐3 (P = .04). Multiple infections for HPV with HPV‐16 and excluding the HPV18/31 types, were associated with CIN‐3 (P = .01). The results allowed the detection and genotyping of HPV types circulating in the population studied. These findings must be taken into account when devising vaccination strategies against HPV.
About Microbicide Use Between Couples in KwaZulu-Natal , South Africa

The ways in which couples communicate about microbicides is likely to influence microbicide uptake and usage. We collected quantitative data about whether women in a microbicide trial discussed microbicides with their partners and explored communication about microbicides during 79 in-depth-interviewswithwomenenrolled in the trial and 17 focus-group discussions with community members. After 4 weeks in the trial, 60 % of 1092 women had discussed microbicides with their partners; in multivariate analysis, this was associated with younger age, clinic of enrolment and not living in households that owned cattle. After 52 weeks, 84 % of women had discussed microbicides; in multivariate analysis, this was associated with not living in households that owned cattle, not living in a household that relied on the cheapest water source, allocation to 0.5 % PRO2000 gel and consistent gel adherence.Qualitative findings highlighted that women in committed relationships were expected to discuss microbicides with their partners and preferred to use microbicides with their partner’s knowledge. Women had different reasons for, and ways of, discussing microbicides and these were influenced by the couple’s decision-making roles. Although there was tolerance for the use of microbicides without a partner’s knowledge, the women who used microbicides secretly appeared to be women who were least able to discuss microbicides. In KwaZulu-Natal, socio-cultural norms informing sexual communication are amenable to microbicide introduction.
Happiness, Freedom and Control

How do people value freedom of choice? Drawing on economics and psychology the paper provides an hypothesis and empirical evidence on how individuals may value freedom of choice and derive utility from it. It is argued that the degree of perceived control that individuals have over choice - a construct known as the locus of control in psychology - regulates how we value freedom of choice. People who believe that the outcome of their actions depends on internal factors such as effort and skills (the 'internals') have a greater appreciation of freedom of choice than people who believe that the outcome of their actions depends on external factors such as fate or destiny (the 'externals'). We find some evidence in support of this hypothesis using a combination of all rounds of the World and European Values Surveys. A variable that measures freedom of choice and the locus of control is found to predict life satisfaction better than any other known factor such as health, employment, income, marriage or religion, across countries and within countries. We show that this variable is not a proxy of happiness and measures well both freedom of choice and the locus of control. 'Internals' are found to appreciate freedom of choice more than 'externals' and to be happier. These findings have important implications for individual utility, social welfare and public policies.
Acoustic normal modes below 4 kHz for a rigid, closed violin‐shaped cavity

Numerical calculations of standing wave patterns ≤4 kHz in a closed (no f‐holes), rigid, violin‐shaped cavity excited by a movable point source were used to investigate internal resonant pressure mode shapes. Approximate normal mode shapes were extracted by appropriate choice of excitation point and tested for orthogonality. Excellent agreement was found with published experimental mode shapes and frequencies below 2 kHz, and with mode frequencies up to 4 kHz when no mode shapes were available. Calculations performed without the end and corner blocks (interior outline same as exterior) from 0.4–4 kHz showed little sensitivity of mode frequency and shape to this cavity shape change. The frequency f(A1) of the lowest closed cavity mode A1 at ∼490 Hz was observed to decrease by 24 Hz when the arch was reduced to zero (flat top and back plate) with rib height held constant. On the other hand when the rib height was reduced (arch still zero), f(A1) increased, but more slowly. The effects of arch and rib height.
Morphological, ultrastructural and molecular variability studies of wild and mutant strains of edible Pleurotus species using growth yield, scanning electron microscopy and random amplified polymorphic DNA- polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR)

There is a growing industry of edible mushroom production due to their nutritive value and the recognized fact that mushrooms are natural and healthy foods originating from an environmentally friendly organic farming system. The production of edible mushrooms is threatened by both abiotic and biotic factors, hence the need to improve breeding through genetic tools. In an attempt to determine the morphological and genetic diversity amongPleurotus species, fourteen different strains of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus floridawild type and their mutants were subjected to different morphological traits, ultrastuctural hyphae network studies and random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) marker. The mycelia growth yield on Petri-plates and in submerged fermentation indicated that the strains PO90 and PF30 were significantly different from the other Pleurotus strains used in this study at P < 0.05. Also, the microscopy result showed marked differences among the Pleurotus strains. The dendrogram based on RAPD analysis generated two different clusters. Out of 4 random primers, distinct polymorphism was observed by primers BG17, BG18, BG 23 and BG25. The percentage similarity among the Pleurotus strains varies between 40-100%. Key words: Pleurotus species, submerged fermentation, scanning electron microscopy, biomass yield, random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR).
Maternal Mental Health Mediates the Relationship Between Household Food Insecurity and Early Child Development in Brazil

Background: Optimal early child development (ECD) is fundamental for every child to achieve their developmental potential and thrive. Household food insecurity (HFI) is a risk factor for suboptimal development, but there is still a need to better understand the pathways that explain this relationship. Objective: To evaluate whether maternal mental health and infant’s diet mediate the association between HFI and ECD using structural equation modeling. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 474 mother–infant dyads. Mothers answered a questionnaire that evaluated variables through validated instruments. Structural equation modeling analyses were conducted to obtain standardized effects (β) and bias-corrected 95% CI, enabling comparisons between the magnitude of the effects. The following observed variables were included: HFI, ECD, consumption of a healthy and diverse diet, the presence of a partner in the household, wanted pregnancy, and current breastfeeding. Latent variables were included to evaluate mental health, poverty, and neonatal health. Results: Poor maternal mental health mediated the relationship between HFI and ECD (β = −.05), but a healthy and diverse diet was not a mediator in this relationship. Poverty was related to lower development scores directly (β = .21) and indirectly (β = .02). Not having a partner (β = .05) and having an unwanted pregnancy (β = .02) predicted indirectly lower development scores. Conclusions: Poor maternal mental health mediates the relationship between HFI and ECD, and ECD is influenced by poverty, single motherhood, and unwanted pregnancy through different pathways. Therefore, public policies and interventions that aim to promote an optimal ECD should also approach these aspects.
Bayesian Analysis in a Knowledge-Intensive CBR System

This study presents a case-based reasoning system that makes use of general domain knowledge - referred to as a knowledge-intensive CBR system. The system applies a Bayesian analysis aimed at increasing the accuracy of the similarity assessment. The idea is to employ the Bayesian posterior distribution for each case symptom to modify the case descriptions and the dependencies in the model. The system is evaluated against a simpliﬁed version of a corresponding system named TrollCreek and the results of running two examples from two di ﬀ erent application domains, i.e., a "food domain" and a "drilling process domain" are compared with a human expert prediction. The obtained results reveal the capability of Bayesian analysis to increase the accuracy of the similarity assessment.
Maternal and neonatal outcome in pre-eclamptic mothers with elevated liver enzymes: A prospective analytical study

Introduction: Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy may cause damage to liver which may manifest biochemically as a deranged liver function test and subsequent maternal morbidity and mortality any elevation in liver enzymes in a pre-eclamptic patient is significant and influences fetomaternal outcome this study evaluates the liver enzymes as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of preeclampsia and establishes a correlation between severity of liver function test derangement and severity of fetomaternal complications and use it as a predictive tool of severity of preeclampsia and for termination of pregnancy. Aim was to evaluate maternal and neonatal outcome in pre-eclamptic mothers with and without transaminitis. Primary objective of the study was to compare the maternal and neonatal outcome in pregnant women with preeclampsia in singleton pregnancies with gestational age >24 weeks with and without transaminitis. Secondary objective was to correlate the severity of liver enzyme derangement in preeclamptic mothers with adverse maternal and / or fetal outcome and use it as a predictive tool of severity of preeclampsia and for termination of pregnancy Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 281 patients after approval by the institute ethics committee informed consents were taken from patients inclusion and exclusion criteria were met all enrolled patients were classified into mild, moderate and severe hypertension and managed as per standard guidelines. Specific investigations were performed if during any visit ast >25 iu/l and/or alt >32iu/l and/or alp > 418 iu/l, patients were called again after a week and blood pressure and fetomaternal well-being was assessed termination of pregnancy was done as per standard guideline statistical analysis done and hypothesis established. Results: From the present study it can be derived that at ast >66 iu/l and alt > 64 iu/l poor maternal outcome is expected with ast >60 iu/l and alt>64 iu/l adverse fetal complications are likely to occur. Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that severity of liver function test derangement is directly related to severity of preeclampsia which in turn is related to severity of fetomaternal complications.
Psychological assessment in ICU survivors using DASS-21 scale

When patients are admitted in ICU, psychological problem such as depression, anxiety, stress, etc. are commonly seen and that affects the outcome of the patient. To assess these symptoms we used the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety & Stress Scale-Short version). Psychological problems was commonly seen when patient was admitted in ICU for more than 4 days decreasing their HRQOL (health related quality of life). There was altered sleep pattern & sleep quality in ICU patients which was the reason to have psychological problem. The study was done on 100 patients who had an ICU stay of more than 4 day between 18-60 years. The results showed increased levels of depression and anxiety as compared to stress level. Patients showed moderate depression and extreme severely anxiety who stayed in ICU. Various factors could influence the psychological wellbeing of the patient, including the hospital environment, care givers, presence of family members nearby apart from the seriousness of illness, apprehensions about possibility of death.
Measuring the economic contribution of beer festivals on local economies: The case of York, United Kingdom

Correspondence Ignazio Cabras, Department of Accounting and Financial Management, Newcastle Business School, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8SE, UK. Email: ignazio.cabras@northumbria.ac. uk Abstract This paper investigates the economic contribution of beer festivals on local economies by analysing the Knavesmire Beer Festival at York, United Kingdom. Using information collected via means of a survey questionnaire and applying Type I multipliers, we estimate the total expenditure generated by visitors within and outside festivals' premises, measuring its impact on the local economy in terms of jobs created and GVA contributions. Findings reveal the impact of the festival on the York economy and the wider brewing industry, providing empirical evidence and original results about the economic contribution that beer festivals can generate at a local level.