Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An improved model and exact algorithm using local branching for the inventory-routing problem with time windows

The Inventory-Routing Problem (IRP) deals with the joint optimisation of inventory and the associated routing decisions. The IRP with time windows (IRPTW) considers time windows for the deliveries to the customers. Due to its importance and several real-world applications, in this paper, we develop an intricate solution algorithm for this problem. A combination of tools ranging from established groups of valid inequalities, pre-processing techniques, local search procedures, and a local branching algorithm is utilised to solve the IRPTW efficiently. We compare the performance of our algorithm on a benchmark set of instances and show how our solution algorithm provides promising results against a competing algorithm from the literature. Moreover, the results of our study provide an overview of the performance of several already proposed techniques and their integration in the literature.
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia as the Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A Case Report

Patient: Female, 32-year-old Final Diagnosis: Anemia • hemolytic anemia • systemic lupus erythematosus Symptoms: Fatigue • weakness Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Hematology • Immunology Objective: Unknown etiology Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is an acquired disorder resulting in the presence of antibodies against red blood cell (RBC) antigens causing hemolysis. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is of 2 types, Warm antibody mediated and cold agglutinin disease. Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (warm agglutinin disease) usually presents with fatigue and other constitutional symptoms and is diagnosed by the presence of IgG antibodies. The disease can occur as idiopathic or secondary to other autoimmune diseases, infections, or even malignancies. The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease prevalent in young females. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia can occur as a part of the SLE spectrum however warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia as the initial manifestation of SLE is extremely rare. Case Report: Here, we describe a unique case of a 32-year-old woman who presented with vague clinical presentation found to have warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia and further immunological and inflammatory work-up during and after hospitalization lead to the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Conclusions: The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease with unclear etiology affecting multi organs. Variable presentation in addition to the lack of definite pathognomonic features or tests makes the diagnosis of SLE challenging. On the whole autoimmune hemolytic anemia can not only be part of other disease processes but can be an initial presentation, highlighting the importance of thorough work-up in patients presenting with autoimmune hemolytic anemia to aid in timely diagnosis and management of underlying secondary conditions. It is important for providers to be aware of various disease spectrums that contain autoimmune hemolytic anemia for day-to-day clinical practice.
Evolution of Metabolic Phenotypes of Obesity in Coronary Patients after 5 Years of Dietary Intervention: From the CORDIOPREV Study

Background: Obesity phenotypes with different metabolic status have been described previously. We analyzed metabolic phenotypes in obese coronary patients during a 5-year follow-up, and examined the factors influencing this evolution. Methods: The CORDIOPREV study is a randomized, long-term secondary prevention study with two healthy diets: Mediterranean and low-fat. All obese patients were classified as either metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). We evaluated the changes in the metabolic phenotypes and related variables after 5 years of dietary intervention. Results: Initially, 562 out of the 1002 CORDIOPREV patients were obese. After 5 years, 476 obese patients maintained their clinical and dietary visits; 71.8% of MHO patients changed to unhealthy phenotypes (MHO-Progressors), whereas the MHO patients who maintained healthy phenotypes (MHO-Non-Progressors) lost more in terms of their body mass index (BMI) and had a lower fatty liver index (FLI-score) (p < 0.05). Most of the MUO (92%) patients maintained unhealthy phenotypes (MUO-Non-Responders), but 8% became metabolically healthy (MUO-Responders) after a significant decrease in their BMI and FLI-score, with improvement in all metabolic criteria. No differences were found among dietary groups. Conclusions: A greater loss of weight and liver fat is associated with a lower progression of the MHO phenotype to unhealthy phenotypes. Likewise, a marked improvement in these parameters is associated with regression from MUO to healthy phenotypes.
Should Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) be Applied to Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Samples?: Comparative Analysis of Conventional and LBC Smears

Context: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a cyto-preparatory technique that may be applied to fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples. However, its efficacy over conventional smears (CS) in thyroid is controversial. Aims: The aim of this study was to compare CS versus LBC (SurePath, BD) preparations in thyroid FNA samples for diagnostic efficacy. Settings and Design: Prospective case-control study using split sample analysis in 200 non-consecutive cases of thyroid FNA reported as per the Bethesda system. Methods and Material: Detailed cytomorphological features were evaluated in CS and LBC preparations. Cellularity was scored as 0–3. Based on diagnostic efficacy, they were categorized into three groups:(i) CS and LBC equivalent for diagnosis, (ii) CS better than LBC, and (iii) LBC better than CS for providing the diagnosis. Statistical Analysis Used: Paired t test for cellularity scores and descriptive for diagnostic efficacy. Results: There were 7 unsatisfactory, 118 benign, 10 atypia or follicular lesion of undetermined significance, 25 follicular neoplasms, 6 suspicious for malignancy, and 34 malignant thyroid FNA cases based on routine conventional smears. Cellularity of conventional smears was significantly higher than paired LBC smears (paired t test, P < 0.005). Comparison of overall diagnostic efficacy showed that LBC and CS were equivalent in 59% of cases; CS was superior to LBC in 37% cases and LBC was better than CS in 4% cases only. LBC smears showed higher unsatisfactory rate as compared to CS (18% vs. 3.5%). In category 2, the two techniques were equivalent in 87% of cases. In categories 4 and 6, CS were superior to LBC. Conclusions: In thyroid FNA cases, conventional smears are superior to LBC preparation in terms of cellularity and diagnostic efficacy and hence, LBC preparations should not replace conventional smears for making a routine cytomorphological diagnosis.
Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach

* Design - A Separate Discipline * Overview of the Design Process * Sizing from a Conceptual Sketch * Airfoil and Geometry Selection * Thrust-to-Weight Ratio and Wing Loading * Initial Sizing * Configuration Layout and Loft * Special Considerations in Configuration Layout * Crew Station, Passengers, and Payload * Propulsion and Fuel System Integration * Landing Gear and Subsystems * Intermission: Step-by-Step Development of a New Design * Aerodynamics * Propulsion * Structures and Loads * Weights * Stability, Control, and Handling Qualities * Performance and Flight Mechanics * Cost Analysis * Sizing and Trade Studies * Design of Unique Aircraft Concepts * Conceptual Design Examples * Appendix A: Unit Conversion * Appendix B: Standard Atmosphere.
Notes in the design and operation of waste stabilization ponds in warm climates of developing countries

The paper acknowledges that water carriage sewerage systems are not always the most appropriate sanitation solution for the disposal of liquid domestic wastes in developing countries. However, where water carriage systems are proposed, the first treatment option which should always be considered is the use of stabilization ponds, because in many instances, they represent the most cost effective and efficient way of treating domestic sewage flows. The paper results from a review of pond systems installed in six countries and concludes that: (i) designs differ widely; (ii) maximum use is not made of anaerobic ponds or the reuse potential of effluents; (iii) pond systems are frequently grossly overdesigned; and (iv) the designs are not responsive to the incremental growth encountered in LDCs. Practical design criteria are given for pond systems over a range of ambient temperature conditions and end use requirements together with notes on start up procedures, operation and trouble shooting. The recommendations are derived in part from the Israeli experience where considerable use is made of treated sewage effluent for irrigation purposes.
Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Ochratoxin A in Lebanese Students and Its Urinary Biomarker Analysis

The present study investigated the dietary and urinary OTA occurrence among 44 Lebanese children. Relying on HPLC-FLD analysis, OTA was found in all the urine samples and in 46.5% and 25% of the 24 h duplicate diet and dinner samples, respectively. The means of OTA levels in positive samples were 0.32 ± 0.1 ng/g in 24 h diet, 0.32 ± 0.18 ng/g in dinner and 0.022 ± 0.012 ng/mL in urines. These values corresponded to margin of exposure (MOE) means of 7907 ± 5922 (neoplastic) and 2579 ± 1932 (non-neoplastic) calculated from positive 24 h diet, while 961 ± 599 (neoplastic) and 313 ± 195 (non-neoplastic) calculated from the urine. Since the MOE levels for the neoplastic effect were below the limit (10,000), a major health threat was detected and must be addressed as a health institutions’ priority. Besides, the wide difference between PDIs and MOEs calculated from food and urine suggests conducting further OTA’s toxicokinetics studies before using urine to measure OTA exposure.
Behavioural motivations and abilities in broilers

Broilers are chickens kept commercially under intensive husbandry conditions for poultry meat production. They grow to a slaughterweight of approximately 2.2 kg in 6 weeks. Broilers show a pronounced decrease in behavioural activity during their short life. The aim of this thesis was to gain more insight into the influence of both motivation and ability on behavioural activity in broilers. The distinction between motivation and ability is relevant for the interpretation of behavioural activity in broilers in terms of welfare. Broilers were observed when kept in pens with good facilities and in several ex situ tests where they had to work for food. Broilers showed all normal juvenile chicken behaviours, but the time spent on each behaviour has changed. Many behavioural patterns were shown in a sitting posture instead of in a standing posture. Performance in short physical tasks depended on motivation and physical ability. Hunger and satiety mechanisms have changed compared to layer chickens, but the motivation to work for food still can be manipulated in broilers. Broilers are willing to peck a key many times or to walk long distances to obtain food rewards, but their performance seemed to be dependent on body weight. Apart from having an abnormal high motivation to eat, broilers are normal biologically functioning animals. Parallel to the effect of overweight on the quality of life in humans, the abnormal high body weight at a young age has a negative impact on the welfare of broilers. Broilers are restricted to display behaviours for which they are motivated imposed by their high motivation to eat, which is associated with their fast growth and high body weight at young age, or by environmental conditions in which they are usually kept.
New Bouguer Anomaly Map for the Territory of the Slovenia

The existing Bouguer anomaly map, which covers the territory of the Republic of Slovenia is a few decades old. Since then, quite a few new gravimetric measurements (data) for the territory of Slovenia as well as high quality digital terrain models that are needed for creating such a map have been made available. The methodology and standards for creating gravity anomaly maps are also changing. Thus, the national Bouguer anomaly map was updated. There were some gross errors detected in the set of old gravimetric data. Additionally, the influence of new updated gravimetric data was analyzed. The comparison of the various maps and the analysis of the influence of input gravimetric data indicates that the new gravimetric data of Slovenia has a significant influence on the creation of the gravimetric anomaly maps for Slovenia (even over 30 mGals at some points).
Real-Time Binaural Room Modeling for Augmented Reality Applications

This paper proposes and evaluates an integrated method for real-time, head-tracked, 3D binaural audio with synthetic reverberation. Virtual vector base amplitude panning is used to position the sound source and spatialize outputs from a scattering delay network reverb algorithm running in parallel. A unique feature of this approach is its realization of interactive auralization using vector base amplitude panning and a scattering delay network, within acceptable levels of latency, at low computational cost. The rendering model also allows direct parameterization of room geometry and absorption characteristics. Varying levels of reverb complexity can be implemented, and these were evaluated against two distinct aspects of perceived sonic immersion. Outcomes from the evaluation provide benchmarks for how the approach could be deployed adaptively, to balance three real-time spatial audio objectives of envelopment, naturalness, and efficiency, within contrasting physical spaces.
Immunohistochemical Markers in Breast Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction The incidence of breast cancer in India is on the rise, and it is now the most common cancer affecting women in India. The main objective of our study was to estimate the prevalence of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in our study population and compare the various clinicopathological characteristics of TNBC with those of non-TNBC in these patients. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 cases of female breast cancer who reported to a tertiary care hospital in Southern India from September 2017 to September 2021. Results The mean age at presentation was 52 years (range: 26-82 years). The prevalence of triple-negative breast cancer was 19.7%. Most of the subjects belonged to the age group of 40-60 years. The majority were with grade 2 and 3 diseases. Of the cases, 50.6% were estrogen receptor (ER) positive and 48.2% were progesterone receptor (PR) positive, and 40.1% were HER2/neu positive. Conclusion The prevalence of triple-negative breast cancer in our study population is 19.7%, which is in concordance with the literature. Large tumor size, high-grade tumors, and a higher rate of axillary lymph node metastasis are characteristic features of TNBC. TNBC are tumors with aggressive tumor biology and are associated with poor prognosis.
High-frequency changes in single-trial visual evoked potentials for unattended stimuli in chronic schizophrenia

Background Patients with schizophrenia reveal changes in information processing associated with external stimuli, which is reflected in the measurements of brain evoked potentials. We discuss actual knowledge on electro- (EEG) and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) changes in schizophrenia. New method The commonly used averaging technique entails the loss of information regarding the generation of evoked responses. We propose a methodology to describe single-trial (non-averaged) visual evoked potentials (VEP) using spectral and statistical analyses. We analysed EEG data registered in the O1-Cz and O2-Cz leads during unattended pattern-reversal stimulation, collected from a group of adult patients with chronic schizophrenia, and compared them to those of healthy individuals. Short-time single-trial VEP were transformed to the frequency domain using the FFT algorithm. Changes of the spectral power were visualized using spectrograms which were created by stacking single-trial spectra across all trials. Measures of the absolute and the relative spectral power were calculated and compared statistically. Results In schizophrenia, the energy density of VEP oscillations is shifted towards higher (gamma) frequencies, compared to healthy individuals. These differences are statistically significant in all analysed frequency bands for the relative power. This indicates distorted early processing of visual stimuli in schizophrenia. Comparison with existing methods The main advantage of the presented methodology is its simplicity and ease of interpretation of obtained results. The presented observations complement the knowledge on gamma oscillations acquired from computationally more complex methods of time–frequency analysis. Conclusions High-frequency changes for single-trial VEPs are detected in chronic schizophrenia.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT ADAT DALAM PEMBANGUNAN KEHUTANAN

Salah satu dampak negatif pembangunan adalah pengabaian tatanan sosial dan budaya masyarakat adat. Akibatnya masyarakat adat sebagai salah satu sumber daya pembangunan melakukan perlawanan. Sumber daya manusia merupakan modal dasar pembangunan yang utama, yang diharapkan mampu memaksimalkan potensinya dalam pembangunan. Fokus masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pemberdayaan masyarakat adat dalam pembangunan. Desain penelitiannya adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan lokasi penelitian di Kelurahan Battang Kecamatan Wara Barat Kota Palopo. Penelitian ini menghasilkan hasil deskripsi tentang: 1) sikap yang tadinya menempatkan masyarakat sebagai penerima program saja, berubah menjadi sikap yang menempatkan masyarakat sebagai pelaku pembangunan; 2) berbagai bentuk gerakan sosial yang ada pada masyarakat adat di wilayah tersebut menunjukkan bahwa gerakan sosial merupakan dimensi penting dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat adat, sehingga mampu menunjukkan eksistensinya sebagai sebuah komunitas masyarakat yang butuh dukungan kebijakan dari pemerintah; 3) institusi lokal diperlukan untuk mengubah ketimpangan struktur yang memungkinkan masyarakat adat berperan optimal dalam seluruh tahapan proses pembangunan secara mandiri; 4) setiap anggota masyarakat dalam sebuah komunitas sebenarnya memiliki potensi untuk berkembang menuju ke arah yang lebih baik. Untuk mengembangkan potensi masyarakat tersebut, maka diperlukan pengembangan kapasitas masyarakat melalui gerakan kemandirian masyarakat, agar mampu mengembangkan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan masyarakat, sehingga dapat berperan serta aktif dalam menjalankan pembangunan secara mandiri dan berkelanjutan.
Composite Material Damping Using Impulse Technique

Abstract : An experimental technique known as the impulse technique is presented for measuring the internal damping of composite materials. In order to gain confidence on the experimental data measured from this technique some improvements have been made. The improvements involve the following: (a) to replace a contact probe a non-contact probe; (b) to use an amplifier to reduce the noise level; (c) to use a spring to control the magnitude, location and dwelling time of the applied force; and (d) to use zooming technique to obtain more accurate data. (Author)
The Resilience of a Community

The Resilience of a Community This article provides two perspectives of what it is like to experience a natural disaster. One from a helping professional who was in the middle of the natural disaster and another from a second helping professional who arrived after the natural disaster to assist in the recovery process. Reflecting on the experience can be both helpful for the healing process as well as beneficial for those who may experience a natural disaster in the future.
Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of Soybean CHYR Gene Family

The CHYR (CHY ZINC-FINGER AND RING FINGER PROTEIN) proteins have been functionally characterized in iron regulation and stress response in Arabidopsis, rice and Populus. However, their roles in soybean have not yet been systematically investigated. Here, in this study, 16 GmCHYR genes with conserved Zinc_ribbon, CHY zinc finger and Ring finger domains were obtained and divided into three groups. Moreover, additional 2–3 hemerythrin domains could be found in the N terminus of Group III. Phylogenetic and homology analysis of CHYRs in green plants indicated that three groups might originate from different ancestors. Expectedly, GmCHYR genes shared similar conserved domains/motifs distribution within the same group. Gene expression analysis uncovered their special expression patterns in different soybean tissues/organs and under various abiotic stresses. Group I and II members were mainly involved in salt and alkaline stresses. The expression of Group III members was induced/repressed by dehydration, salt and alkaline stresses, indicating their diverse roles in response to abiotic stress. In conclusion, our work will benefit for further revealing the biological roles of GmCHYRs.
Decoupling the molecular regulation of perenniality and flowering in bulbous barley (Hordeum bulbosum)

Global crop production is being challenged by rapid population growth, declining natural resources, and dramatic climatic turnovers. These challenges have prompted plant breeders to explore new ventures to enhance adaptation and sustainability in crops. One intriguing approach to make agriculture more sustainable is by turning annual systems into perennial which offers many economic and biodiversity-friendly benefits. Previous attempts to develop a perennial cereal crop employed a classical breeding approach and extended over a long period with limited success. Thus, elucidating the genetic basis of perenniality at the molecular level can accelerate the breeding process. Here, we investigated the genetic basis of bulb formation in the barley congener species Hordeum bulbosum by elucidating the transcripts presence/absence variation compared with other annual species in the Poaceae, and a differential expression analysis of meristem tissues. The PAV analysis recaptured the expected phylogeny and indicated that H. bulbosum is enriched with developmental and disease responsive genes that are absent among annual species. Next, the abundance of transcripts was quantified and allowed to identify differentially expressed genes that are associated with bulb formation pathways in addition to major circadian clock genes that regulate flowering. A first model for the bulb formation pathway is suggested and include developmental and starch biosynthesis genes. To the best of our knowledge this is the first transcriptome developed for H. bulbosum and the first attempt to describe the regulation of bulb initiation in cereals at the molecular level.
Uses of Blockchain Technologies in Library services

Blockchain is a new and reliable technology that helps with security, preservation and reliability of data. Libraries are change agents of the 21st century and are implementing new technologies to provide maximal information in minimal time. Blockchain technology can be used to solve different problems in library field with proper usages for storing information in a distributed temperresistant setting. Blockchain in library settings can be used to gather, preserve and share authoritative information devoid of many technological hurdles. Some challenges such as finance, technical and security issues are troubling factors, but proper training, support from decision makers and technical skills regarding this technology will pave the way for library practitioners. Undoubtedly, libraries are changing agents of the 21st century and are working for the goodwill of the communities (Sharma and Batth, 2020). Blockchain technology is broadly based on distributed ledger technology (DLT), technology that records transactions with an immutable cryptographic signature named hash (Hussain, 2020). Figure 1 shows the structure of DLT in detail (Figures 1–3).