Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of DNA barcodes for Natural enemies of cole crops insect pests in mid-hills of Meghalaya

Significant morphological similarities within or in between species of insects has made reliable taxonomic identification difficult. DNA barcoding has appeared to be a useful tool in resolving the issues related to the identification of taxonomically difficult insect species. The North eastern region of India is one of the mega biodiversity hotspots in the world and the climatic conditions of the region are highly conducive for reproduction and multiplication of insects. The efforts were undertaken to study the biodiversity of insects and to develop molecular database by developing DNA barcodes of natural enemies of cole crops insect pests in mid hills of Meghalaya. Limited information is available on natural enemies in cole crops ecosystem in mid –hills of Meghalaya. A total of 17 natural enemies belonging to three insect orders viz . , Coleoptera (4) Predator, Hymenoptera (5) (1 nymphal/pupal; 3 Larval parasitoid; 1 Pupal parasitoid), Diptera (8) (5 Predator, 3 pupal parasitoid) Hemiptera (2) were documented during the year 2014-2015. Natural enemies especially Predators of aphids viz., Coccinellid beetles, Syrphid flies were recorded, Parasitoids observed were; nymphal/adult Parasitoid of aphids, Diaeretiella rapae , larval parasitoid of cabbage butterfly, Hyposoter sp and Cotesia glomerata and Pupal parasitoid including Brachymeria femorata and Tachinidae sp. The collected species were identified by established taxonomic keys, by taxonomists and/or molecular basis. DNA was successfully extracted from multiple specimens of 17 insect species and molecular assays were also undertaken for presence of Wolbachia infection. The Wolbachia infected specimens were discarded and not used for further analysis. The DNA barcodes were successfully developed for 17 species by sequencing partial Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of mitochondrial DNA. The molecular identity of the insect species was established through BLAST-n at NCBI. The total nucleotide length of barcodes varied from species to species (501bp to 682bp). All the analysed sequences were submitted to National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Accession numbers were obtained (KT175578 to KT 175606). The comprehensive taxonomical and molecular database developed in this study for a total of 17 species observed in cole crop ecosystem could be used as diagnostic guide at both morphological and molecular level.
BISMUT-ELWORTHY-LI FORMULA, SINGULAR SDES, FRACTIONAL BROWNIAN MOTION, MALLIAVIN CALCULUS, STOCHASTIC FLOWS, STOCHASTIC VOLATILITY

In this paper we derive a Bismut-Elworthy-Li type formula with respect to strong solutions to singular stochastic diﬀerential equations (SDE’s) with additive noise given by a multidimensional fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H < 1 / 2. ”Singular” here means that the drift vector ﬁeld of such equations is allowed to be merely bounded and integrable. As an application we use this representation formula for the study of the δ price sensitivity of ﬁnancial claims based on a stock price model with stochastic volatility, whose dynamics is described by means of fractional Brownian motion driven SDE’s. Our approach for obtaining these results is based on Malliavin calculus and arguments of a recently developed ”local time variational calculus”.
runing title: EXO70H4 - beyond the trichome 1

Exocyst subunit EXO70H4 localizes to the apical subdomain of the trichome. Here it is responsible for 22 callose synthase secretion; callose is essential for cell wall silicification. Abstract Biogenesis of the plant secondary cell wall involves many important aspects, such as phenolic 37 compound deposition and often silica incrustation. Previously, we demonstrated the importance of 38 the exocyst subunit EXO70H4 for biogenesis of the trichome secondary cell wall, namely for 39 deposition of the autofluorescent and callose-rich cell wall layer. 40 Here, we reveal that EXO70H4-driven cell wall biogenesis is constitutively active in the mature 41 trichome, but can also be activated elsewhere upon pathogen attack, giving this study a broader 42 significance with an overlap into phytopathology. To address the specificity of EXO70H4 among the 43 EXO70 family, we complemented the exo70H4-1 mutant by 18 different Arabidopsis EXO70 paralogs 44 subcloned under the EXO70H4 promoter. Only EXO70H4 had the capacity to rescue the exo70H4 - 1 45 trichome phenotype. 46 Callose deposition phenotype of exo70H4-1 mutant is caused by impaired secretion of PMR4, a 47 callose synthase responsible for the synthesis of callose in the trichome. PMR4 colocalizes with 48 EXO70H4 on plasma membrane microdomains which do not develop in the exo70H4-1 mutant. 49 Using energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis we show that both EXO70H4- and PMR4-dependent 50 callose deposition in the trichome are essential for cell wall silicification. 10 developed later into large speckles. Taken together, our data show the dependency of callose 231 synthase secretion on the EXO70H4 protein.
of The quality and accuracy of bank internal rating model. A case study from Czech

 Abstract — Credit risk is one of the most important risk in commercial banking. The commercial bank uses a range of methods and procedures for credit risk management. To access the credit quality of the clients, internal rating models are used by commercial banks. In this article we define theoretical aspects of quality of internal rating model and evaluate potential risks of rating process. In the case study the accuracy of a concrete rating model has been experimentally confirmed, which is used by commercial bank in the Czech Republic for the segment of small and medium-sized enterprises. Internal rating models represent banks’ effort to assess objectively the credit quality of the borrower. Previous experiences from banking sector show that this process is necessary to optimize by adding other activities because the quality of this rating models is limited. Aim of our experiment was to verify the quality of concrete internal rating model, which is used by concrete bank in Czech Republic to assess the quality of borrowers in the small and medium sized-enterprises. Results of our experiment are surprising. The model evaluates an excellent company as a negative subject. The model is less sensitive on significant changes in key financial indicators to determine the loan repayment. Our experiment has been proved the fact, that the most important impact on the level of company’s final rating has the financial parameter – profit. Other parameters like assets, revenues and long-term liabilities have demonstrated only minimal impact on the level of company’s final
U.S. Domestic Vulnerability and the Supply of Third-Party U.S. Domestic Vulnerability and the Supply of Third-Party Mediation Mediation

Abstract Abstract Most U.S. presidents will pursue third-party conflict mediation sometime during their administration. However, the approach and level of commitment to those endeavors vary greatly across time and results are often minimally successful. This study explains this variation in terms of domestic political considerations, suggesting that the potential risks and payoffs in the domestic sphere primarily drive the supply of mediation, rather than conflict characteristics, “ripeness” for resolution, or the national interest. Presidents are shown to engage in mediation when they are relatively secure domestically, enjoying legislative success in Congress. The results are consistent with the notion that presidents prefer political cover when engaging in foreign policy. Thus, the argument informs the literature on mediator behavior by linking it with theories of foreign policy decision making and suggests that the political context in which mediation is offered will influence its prospects for success, often explaining why mediation efforts fall short. Moreover, given the trend toward divided government in the United States, the results presented here suggest that mediation will become less prevalent in U.S. foreign policy.
NDT_A_293771 401..411

1Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, People’s Republic of China; 2Cerebrovascular Disease Treatment Center, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Neurology, The 80th Group Army Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, People’s Republic of China
A STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF ENDOMETRIAL LESIONS IN ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING WITH ANALYSIS OF EXPRESSION PATTERN OF ER, PR AND KI-67.

Introduction: Abnornal uterine bleeding (AUB) is defined as bleeding that does not correspond to the normal pattern of menstrual cycle. It is one of the most frequently encountered gynaecological problem.A spectrum of histologic changes are noted in the endometrium in AUB which vary according to the age of the patient and includes functional pattern or organic lesions. Histopathologic study of endometrial tissue is a major diagnostic tool in patients presenting with AUB. Aim: To study the various morphologic pattern of endometrial lesions in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding and to analyse the Estrogen receptor(ER), Progersterone receptor(PR) and Ki-67 expression in samples showing hyperplasia and carcinoma. Method: This is a prospective study of 70 endometrial specimens from patients diagnosed clinically as having AUB. The study was done in the department of Pathology JNIMS from January 2017 to June 2019.The samples underwent routine processing and were stained with Hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemistry for ER,PR,KI-67 were done on samples showing hyperplasia or carcinoma. Result: Out of the 70 cases studied, maximum number of cases were seen in the age group of 41-50 years. Age of the patients ranged from 18 to 72 years. In premenopausal women the most common histopathologic pattern was proliferative endometrium (32.7%). In post menopausal women atrophic endometrium was the most frequent pattern(27.7%). Endometrial hyperplasia was noted in 12 cases (17.1%) and there were 3 cases(4.3%) of endometrial carcinoma. ER and PR were positive in all cases of endometrial hyperplasia and 2 cases of endometrial carcinoma. High Ki-67 expression was noted in all the 3 cases of endometrial carcinoma. Conclusion: Histopathologic evaluation of endometrial samples is necessary for deciding the appropriate therapeutic strategy. A wide spectrum of lesions from proliferative endometrium to carcinomas were noted in these patients.
FFECTS OF HEATING WITH SOAKING OF RAW SOYBEANS ON IMPROVING ITS NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF ROSS 308 BROILER

This study was conducted at the Poultry Farm, Department of Animal production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sulaimaniin Bakrajo. The experiment started from 5/2/2010 to 10/4/2010. A total of 225 one-day old broiler Ross 308 chicks were used. The chicks weighed and distributed randomly into 5 treatments groups each with 3 replicates of 15 chicks per replicate. Treatments were as follows: control: soybean meal basal diet, the first treatment T1: 20% raw full fat soybean (FFSB) in the diet for the stages starter, grower, and finisher. The second treatment T2: 40% of FFSB in the diet for the stages starter, grower, and finisher. The third treatment T3: 20% FFSB treated by soaking for 6 hours with heating on temperature of 120-130˚c for 20 minutes for the stages starter, grower, and finisher. The fourth Treatment of T4: 40% FFSB treated by soaking for 6 hours with heating on Temperature 120-130˚c for 20 minutes starter and grower phases and 30% treated FFSB soaked and heated for the finisher stage. Results indicated that treatment soybeans significantly caused variation in body weight and weight gain. Birds in the third and fourth treated groups showed highest live body weight (P<0.05) and had better feed conversion ratio (p<0.05) at 38 and 42 days. Highest production index (p<0.05) was observed in birds fed soaked and heated FFSB. Control group was superior (p<0.05) for dressing percentage. It was concluded that feeding different replacement levels of treated FFSB by soaking and heating resulted using in better productive performance in broilers at all marketing ages.
EVALUATION OF CASPASE 9 EXPRESSION IN INDUCED HAMSTER BUCCAL POUCH CARCINOMA

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the expression of caspase 9 as an apoptotic marker in 7, 12- Dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch (s) (HBP(s)) carcinoma. Material and methods: The experimental animals used in the current study were fifty-five golden Syrian hamsters weighting 80-129 g, and obtained from the animal house, Cairo University. The experimental animals were divided into two main groups: Group A (normal group) 5 hamsters were taken, not treated and served as control. Group B: The remaining animals (50 hamsters) were treated with the same procedures: HBPs were painted for 18 weeks with DMBA, 3 times a week. Then, a direct lesional injection by different kinds of treatment: gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) (group B2), AuNPs +laser (group B3) cisplatin (group B4), AuNPs conjugated with cisplatin and laser irradiation (group B5), were subsequently employed. After that, various investigation: hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and immunohistochemical staining utilizing antibody against caspase 9 were done. Results: Gross observation revealed that there is a variation in the reduction of the distribution and size of tumors between the treated groups. Immunohistochemical results revealed that caspase 9 expression has a wide variability in the area percentage distribution through-out the treated groups. Conclusions: AuNPs in conjunction with cisplatin and visible laser irradiation have positive effect on tumor ablation. Moreover, intra-tumoral application of AuNPs in conjunction with cisplatin and visible laser irradiation is considered as a promising therapeutic agent in the regression of HBP DMBA induced carcinoma.
Changing the Proportions of Grass and Grain in Feed Substrate Impacts the Efficacy of Asparagopsis taxiformis to Inhibit Methane Production in Vitro

Benefits of the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis as an ingredient to manage methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the red meat and dairy industries contin-ue to evolve. Asparagopsis has been demonstrated to eliminate enteric CH 4 emissions in vitro and reduce it greater than 80% in animals. Variability in animal studies is suspected to be associated with variable inclusion and proportions of grass and grain in the diet. This in vitro study aimed to elucidate effects of gradient grass to grain proportions in the fermentation using five steps from 100% Rhodes grass (RG) to 100% barley grain (BG). Gradient inclusion of Asparagopsis was in six steps of Control with no inclusion (C), Low (L), Low-Medium (LM), Medium (M), Medium-High (MH), and High (H) levels tested in three fermentation durations (24 h, 48 h, 72 h). There was significant effect of RG/BG and inclusion of Asparagopsis such that CH 4 production decreased with increasing Asparagopsis independent of RG/BG; however, there was enhanced reduction at greater proportions of creases in total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) were observed with increased fermentation duration and concomitant with increasing substrate digestion. Increasing proportions of BG induced increase in tVFA. In contrast, and independent of changes in substrate, increasing inclusion of Asparagopsis had little effect on tVFA. The acetic and propionic acid ratio (AA:PA) decreased with decreasing RG/BG and increasing Asparagopsis. This pattern was most pronounced with 100% BG and MH-H Asparagopsis levels. Compared to control, there was decrease in the AA:PA ratio with addition of even L levels of Asparagopsis and with L compared to LM inclusion levels. Increasing levels of BG and Asparagopsis resulted in significant decreases in AA:PA ratios and CH4 production. This study has confirmed that gradient levels (ratio) of grass and grain in a feed mix impact the antimethanogenic efficacy of Asparagopsis during in vitro fermentation with rumen fluid.
Towards Real-Time Advancement of Underwater Visual Quality With GAN

Low visual quality has prevented underwater robotic vision from a wide range of applications. Although several algorithms have been developed, real time and adaptive methods are deficient for real-world tasks. In this paper, we address this difficulty based on generative adversarial networks (GAN), and propose a GAN-based restoration scheme (GAN-RS). In particular, we develop a multibranch discriminator including an adversarial branch and a critic branch for the purpose of simultaneously preserving image content and removing underwater noise. In addition to adversarial learning, a novel dark channel prior loss also promotes the generator to produce realistic vision. More specifically, an underwater index is investigated to describe underwater properties, and a loss function based on the underwater index is designed to train the critic branch for underwater noise suppression. Through extensive comparisons on visual quality and feature restoration, we confirm the superiority of the proposed approach. Consequently, the GAN-RS can adaptively improve underwater visual quality in real time and induce an overall superior restoration performance. Finally, a real-world experiment is conducted on the seabed for grasping marine products, and the results are quite promising. The source code is publicly available11[Online]. Available: https://github.com/SeanChenxy/GAN_RS.
PathologyExacerbates Malaria-Induced Liver Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection

Mixed parasite infections are common in many parts of the world, but little is known of the effects of concomitant parasite infections on the immune response or severity of clinical disease. We have used the nonlethal malaria infection model of Plasmodium chabaudi AS in combination with the gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides bakeri polygyrus to investigate the impact of nematode infections on malarial morbidity and antimalarial immunity. The data demonstrate that wild-type C57BL/6 mice coinfected with both parasites simultaneously exhibit a striking increase in mortality, while mice deﬁcient in IFN- (cid:1) or IL-23 survive coinfection. The increase in mortality in wild-type mice was associated with severe liver pathology characterized by extensive coagulative necrosis and an increase in hepatic IFN- (cid:1) , IL-17, and IL-22 mRNA expression. This is the ﬁrst demonstration of increased malaria-associated pathology associated with a switch toward a proinﬂammatory environment, involving not only IFN- (cid:1) but also the IL-17/IL-23 axis, as a result of coinfection with a gastrointestinal helminth. The Journal of Immunology, 2009, 182: 5663–5671. of early larval-stage infections. Our data show that when mice were coinfected with both pathogens at the same time a striking increase in mortality was detected. This associated with severe liver pathology characterized by extensive necrosis with increased levels of proinﬂammatory cytokines and liver-associated transaminase in serum. Splenic cytokine were unaltered, demonstrating that the responses in as and with stages of a and by cytokine involving IL-23/IL-17 and
Dental Caries Experience among 5 Year Age Children from Two Municipalities Berovo and Pechčevo in the Eastern Region of the Republic of Macedonia

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries experience among 5 year age children (first grades) in Eastern Region of the Republic of Macedonia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, primary school children from first grades (N= 228) were selected from 3 Central and 7 Regional Primary Schools. Participant’s dental status was evaluated using the 1997 World Health Organization caries diagnostic criteria for Decayed, Missing or Filled Teeth (DMFT) by 2 calibrated examiners. Results: The total number of children in the sample was 228, comprising 114 (50.00%) females and 114 (50.00%) males. The mean dmft was 6.01, with standard deviation (sd) of 3.93 and 95% confidence interval (ci) of 3.42-4.44. The Significant caries (SiC) index was 8.83 for primary dentition. The mean DMFT was 0.075, with standard deviation (SD) of 0.39 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.34-0.44. Significant caries (SiC) index was 0.22 for permanent dentition. The prevalence of caries-free children was 9.09% in primary dentition. The percentage of untreated caries or the ration of dt/dmft was 0.8293 (82.93%). Conclusions: Dental caries experience was seen to be high among primary school children (first grades) in Eastern Region of the Republic of Macedonia. Most of the dental caries from the teeth of primary dentition were left untreated.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Innovations in practice

Background: Behavioural Activation (BA) treatment effectively reduces symptoms of depression in adults and is more cost-effective than more complex therapies. Two recent systematic reviews of BA for depression in young people highlighted the need for more studies in this area. Methods: In order to evaluate the acceptability of BA treatment for adolescents with depression and the feasibility of conducting a trial of this intervention in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), 22 patients from across three sites were randomised to BA or usual CAMHS care. Existing CAMHS staff were trained to deliver the manualised intervention via a brief course. Following treatment, young people and their parents/carers were asked to complete a feedback survey. Symptoms and functioning were assessed at 3- and 6-month follow-up. The trial was registered with the ISRCTN Registry (ref: ISRCTN52147450; https://www.isrctn.com/). Results: Recruitment targets were achieved through screening large numbers of CAMHS service users. Intervention adherence by the participating adolescents was high (median number of completed BA sessions was seven out of a total of eight). There were tentative suggestions of improvements following treatment; a large change in a positive direction for the BA group, but not for usual care, was observed by visual comparisons of mean scores on measures of depression, self-esteem and functioning. No adverse events were reported. Conclusions: The ﬁndings suggest that BA in this setting is acceptable and warrants evaluation via a fully powered randomised controlled trial.