Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analiza statystyczna wartości kąta ramienno-przedramiennego po złamaniu nadkłykciowym u dzieci Statistical analysis angle values brachiocephalic-foream after epicondyle of the humerus fracture in children

brachial epithelial fractures of the humerus account for 57.9% of all injuries to the elbow joint in children. The deviation of the brachial-forearm angle occurred in 72.3% of cases. Most of them, because 22.3% of the lumbar deformities were observed. The elbow varus occurred in 13.9% of children. The low rate of observed deformation was the result of the accepted measurement method. At the recording of each deviation, the percentage of observed cases of elbow joint increased to 49.5%.
Bayesian Generalized Rating Curves

A rating curve is a curve or a model that describes the relationship between water elevation, or stage, and discharge in an observation site in a river. The rating curve is t from paired observations of stage and discharge. The rating curve then predicts discharge given observations of stage and this methodology is applied as stage is substantially easier to directly observe than discharge. In this thesis a statistical rating curve model is proposed working within the framework of Bayesian hierarchical models. The model is a novel extension of the "power law" relationship commonly assumed in hydraulic practice and a reference model based only on that relationship is also tted. The models are tted to 78 datasets from observation sites in Icelandic rivers and four datasets are analyzed in detail. Model criterions DIC and posterior probability show that for about 30% of the datasets there is strong evidence in favor of the new model while for many datasets there is no substantial evidence against either model.
Glauber Dynamics of colorings on trees

The mixing time of the Glauber dynamics for spin systems on trees is closely related to reconstruction problem. Martinelli, Sinclair and Weitz established this correspondence for a class of spin systems with soft constraints bounding the log-Sobolev constant by a comparison with the block dynamics. However, when there are hard constraints, the block dynamics may be reducible. We introduce a variant of the block dynamics extending these results to a wide class of spin systems with hard constraints. This applies for essentially any spin system that has non-reconstruction provided that on average the root is not locally frozen in a large neighborhood. In particular we prove that the mixing time of the Glauber dynamics for colorings on the regular tree is $O(n\log n)$ in the entire known non-reconstruction regime.
AtHKT1 Facilitates Na 1 Homeostasis and K 1 Nutrition in Planta 1

Genetic and physiological data establish that Arabidopsis AtHKT1 facilitates Na 1 homeostasis in planta and by this function modulates K 1 nutrient status. Mutations that disrupt AtHKT1 function suppress NaCl sensitivity of sos1-1 and sos2-2 , as well as of sos3-1 seedlings grown in vitro and plants grown in controlled environmental conditions. hkt1 suppression of sos3-1 NaCl sensitivity is linked to higher Na 1 content in the shoot and lower content of the ion in the root, reducing the Na 1 imbalance between these organs that is caused by sos3-1. AtHKT1 transgene expression, driven by its innate promoter, increases NaCl but not LiCl or KCl sensitivity of wild-type (Col-0 gl1 ) or of sos3-1 seedlings. NaCl sensitivity induced by AtHKT1 transgene expression is linked to a lower K 1 to Na 1 ratio in the root. However, hkt1 mutations increase NaCl sensitivity of both seedlings in vitro and plants grown in controlled environmental conditions, which is correlated with a lower K 1 to Na 1 ratio in the shoot. These results establish that AtHKT1 is a focal determinant of Na 1 homeostasis in planta, as either positive or negative modulation of its function disturbs ion status that is manifested as salt sensitivity. K 1 -deﬁcient growth of sos1-1 , sos2-2 , and sos3-1 seedlings is suppressed completely by hkt1-1 . AtHKT1 transgene expression exacerbates K 1 deﬁciency of sos3-1 or wild-type seedlings. Together, these results indicate that AtHKT1 controls Na 1 homeostasis in planta and through this function regulates K 1 nutrient status.
First Is Best The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters

We experience the world serially rather than simultaneously. A century of research on human and nonhuman animals has suggested that the first experience in a series of two or more is cognitively privileged. We report three experiments designed to test the effect of first position on implicit preference and choice using targets that range from individual humans and social groups to consumer goods. Experiment 1 demonstrated an implicit preference to buy goods from the first salesperson encountered and to join teams encountered first, even when the difference in encounter is mere seconds. In Experiment 2 the first of two consumer items presented in quick succession was more likely to be chosen. In Experiment 3 an alternative hypothesis that first position merely accentuates the valence of options was ruled out by demonstrating that first position enhances preference for the first even when it is evaluatively negative in meaning (a criminal). Together, these experiments demonstrate a ‘‘first is best’’ effect and we offer possible interpretations based on evolutionary mechanisms of this ‘‘bound’’ on rational behavior and suggest that automaticity of judgment may be a helpful principle in clarifying previous inconsistencies in the empirical record on the effects of order on preference and choice. in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to or of the
The Influence of the Context on Adopting Mobile Games in Learning EFL Vocabulary at a Saudi Female Class

: Learning English is a significant issue worldwide. As Saudi students experienced a difficulty in learning new English words, new teaching methods have been introduced including mobile games. Though we live in a global world where learning and teaching issues became similar, different contexts affect the process of using mobile games in formal learning and this study’s purpose is to investigate the influence of the Saudi context on adopting mobile games in formal female classes. Total of 40 research participants, consisting of 33 students, 4 EFL teachers, 2 school principals and one EFL educational supervisor participated in this study. A mobile game was designed and programmed for the sake of this study. Data were collected from different sources, namely, interviews, focus group discussions and self-reflective essays. Collected data were analyzed qualitatively to yield the study’s results. Results showed that the Saudi social context has a significant influence and an important role in adopting mobile games in female classes. These results will assist other researchers in mobile games’ developers, educationalists in understanding the role of social context over adopting new teaching methods and in choosing or programming games for learning English or any other foreign language.
Functional evaluation of hidden figures object analysis in children with disorder

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during performance of a hidden ﬁgures task (HFT) was used to compare differences in brain function in children diagnosed with autism disorder (AD) compared to children with attention-deﬁcit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and typical controls (TC). Overall greater functional MRI activity was observed in the two control groups compared to children with AD. Laterality differences were also evident, with AD subjects preferentially showing activity in the right medial temporal region while controls tended to activate the left medial temporal cortex. Reduced fMRI activity was observed in the parietal, ventral-temporal and hippocampal regions in the AD group, suggesting differences in the way that children with AD process the HFT.
(cid:1) -Galactosidase enzyme fragment complementation for the measurement of Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin signaling

Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin signaling is an important regulator of cell polarity, proliferation, and stem cell maintenance during development and adulthood. Wnt proteins induce the nuclear accumulation of (cid:1) -catenin, which regulates the expression of Wnt-responsive genes through association with TCF/LEF transcription factors. Aberrant Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin signaling has been implicated in a plethora of pathologies and, most notably, underlies initiation and expansion of several cancers. Here, we apply enzyme fragment complementation to measure the nuclear accumulation of (cid:1) -catenin. (cid:1) -Catenin was tagged with a peptide fragment of (cid:1) -galactosidase and transfected into cells expressing a corresponding deletion mutant of the enzyme exclusively in the nucleus. Stimulation of the cells with recombinant Wnt-3a restored (cid:1) -ga-lactosidase activity in a dose-dependent manner with nanomolar potency. Using the assay, we conﬁrmed that Wnt-5a represses (cid:1) -catenin-driven reporter gene activity downstream of nuclear entry of (cid:1) -catenin. In addition, we tested a library of > 2000 synthetic chemical compounds for their ability to induce (cid:1) -catenin nuclear accumulation. The (cid:1) -catenin signaling at micromolar concentrations. It was conﬁrmed that the compound stabilizes endogenous (cid:1) -catenin protein and can induce TCF/LEF-dependent gene transcription. Subsequent biochemical proﬁling of > 200 kinases revealed both isoforms of glycogen synthase kinase 3, as previously unappreciated targets of sotrastaurin. We show that the (cid:1) -catenin nuclear accumulation assay contributes to our knowledge of molecular interactions within the Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin pathway and can be used to ﬁnd new therapeutics targeting Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin M. , enzyme fragment complementation for the measurement of Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin signaling. FASEB J. 24, 1205–1217 (2010). (cid:1) -galactosidase activity of HEK293-EFC cells transiently transfected with ROR2-coding vector and treated with increasing concentrations of rmWnt-3a in the presence or absence of 18 nM rmWnt-5a. dependent on new translation and not transcription; kinetics of rmWnt-3a-stimulated (cid:1) -galactosidase activity correlated with nuclear accumulation of (cid:1) -catenin as reported by others (27); and ﬁnally, we showed that targeted knockdown of (cid:1) -catenin with siRNA impaired basal and Wnt-induced (cid:1) -galactosidase activity, proving speciﬁcity of the assay signal.
Nutritional Influence on Epigenetics and Disease

Nutrition plays an important role in disease prevention and even in therapeutic interventions. Nutrigenomics has provided invaluable information of the relationship between food intake and gene expression. Nutrition has also been linked to epigenetic mechanisms, which can substantially affect disease development. In this context, aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA interference have been associated with increased risk and progress of a wide variety of diseases such as cancer, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. In this review, examples will be presented on how nutritional interventions affect epigenetic mechanisms influencing disease development. Furthermore, design of personalized nutrition and its relationship to epigenetics is discussed.
An Analysis of the Contribution of Capacity Development Strategies to the Performance of Community Based Organizations in Kisumu City, Kenya

: There is concurrence in community development conversation that capacity development is the engine of human development. In the face of economic, climate, health and food crises, development of communities’ capacities to design and implement strategies that minimize the impact of events remain relevant for sustaining progress. The purpose of the study was to analyze the contribution of capacity development strategies to the performance of Community Based Organizations in Kisumu City, Kenya. A descriptive survey research methodology was used. The study targeted 1202 respondents from 16 active Community Based Organizations. The sample size obtained through Fisher’s model was 291 respondents. Sampling technique was stratified random sampling. Structured questionnaire tested for validity and reliability was made use of in data collection. Data was analyzed through correlation and regression models and results presented in tables. The findings were: a statistically significant strong degree of positive correlation (R=.707; P<.05) between joint capacity development strategies and performance; roughly 50.0% of the variation in performance was attributed to capacity development strategies; the value F ratio = 95.841; P< . 05 revealed multiple linear regression model was statistically significant. Capacity development strategies therefore contributed to the performance of Community Based Organizations; the largest statistically significant Beta coefficient of . 517 (P< .05) was for benchmarking. It had the strongest unique contribution in explaining performance; the Beta value for networking of . 292 (P<.05) was also statistically significant and made the second strongest unique contribution in explaining performance; and training with Beta value of . 024 (P>.05) was statistically insignificant. It made the least and negligible contribution in explaining performance. In conclusion, capacity development strategies had a strong degree of statistically significant positive relationship with of Community Based Organizations City. Performance of Community Based Organizations was significantly attributed to capacity development strategies . Benchmarking made the strongest unique contribution in explaining performance; networking made the second strongest unique contribution; and training made the least and insignificant contribution. The study recommends: joint use of capacity development strategies; and identifying other capacity development strategies with a view to improving performance.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of tobacco use as a risk factor for prosthetic joint infection following total hip replacement

Background: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the possible complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Several studies, but not all, have reported smoking as a risk factor of PJI in orthopedic surgery. This study summarizes the most recent evidence using a systematic review of whether tobacco use (not only tobacco smoking) is a risk factor in developing PJI, specifically after THA. Methods: Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to July 2019 to identify case-control studies that examined PJI risk in tobacco users and tobacco non-user undergoing THA. Publication bias was also assessed through funnel plots. Results: Searches identified 2,689 articles, 10 of these, involving a total of 20,640 patients, met the inclusion criteria. The overall odds ratio (pooled OR) to develop either a superficial infection, a deep infection or an infection requiring revision surgery for tobacco users vs. non-users was 1.54 (95% CI 1.25 - 1.91) when a fixed effect model was used and 1.56 (95% CI 1.10 - 2.21) when a random effect model was employed. No publication bias was observed among the identified studies. Conclusions: The findings of the study indicated that tobacco use is associated with higher risk of PJI in patients undergoing THA.
SOME RESULTS ON COMMON FIXED POINTS AND BEST APPROXIMATION

We prove a common xed point result for (f; g)-nonexpansive maps and then derive certain results on best approximation. Our results generalize the results of Al-Thaga (1), Jungck and Sessa (6), Khan, Hussain and Thaheem (8), Latif (9, 10) and Sahab, Khan and Sessa (12). 1. Preliminaries.
Distinct metamorphic evolution of alternating silica-saturated and silica-de ﬁ cient microdomains within garnet in ultrahigh-temperature granulites: An example from Sri Lanka Geoscience Frontiers

Here we report the occurrence of garnet porphyroblasts that have overgrown alternating silica-saturated and silica de ﬁ cient microdomains via different mineral reactions. The samples were collected from ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) metapelites in the Highland Complex, Sri Lanka. In some of the meta- pelites, garnet crystals have cores formed via a dehydration reaction, which had taken place at silica-saturated microdomains and mantle to rim areas formed via a dehydration reaction at silica-de ﬁ cient microdomains. In contrast, some other garnets in the same rock cores had formed via a dehydration reaction which occurred at silica-de ﬁ cient microdomains while mantle to rim areas formed via a dehydration reaction at silica-saturated microdomains. Based on the textural observations, we conclude that the studied garnets have grown across different effective bulk compositional microdomains during the prograde evolution. These microdomains could represent heterogeneous compositional layers (paleobedding/laminations) in the precursor sediments or differentiated crenulation cleavages that existed during prograde metamorphism. UHT metamorphism associated with strong ductile deformation, metamorphic differentiation and crystallization of locally produced melt may have obliterated the evidence for such microdomains in the matrix. The lack of signi ﬁ cant compositional zoning in garnet probably due to self-diffusion during UHT metamorphism had left mineral inclusions as the sole evi- dence for earlier microdomains with contrasting chemistry.
GALAXY EMISSION LINE CLASSIFICATION USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL LINE RATIO DIAGRAMS

Two-dimensional (2D) line ratio diagnostic diagrams have become a key tool in understanding the excitation mechanisms of galaxies. The curves used to separate the different regions—H ii-like or excited by an active galactic nucleus (AGN)—have been refined over time but the core technique has not evolved significantly. However, the classification of galaxies based on their emission line ratios really is a multi-dimensional problem. Here we exploit recent software developments to explore the potential of three-dimensional (3D) line ratio diagnostic diagrams. We introduce the diagrams, which are a specific set of 3D diagrams that separate the oxygen abundance and the ionization parameter of H ii region-like spectra and also enable us to probe the excitation mechanism of the gas. By examining these new 3D spaces interactively, we define the diagnostics, a new set of 2D diagnostics that can provide the metallicity of objects excited by hot young stars and that cleanly separate H ii region-like objects from the different classes of AGNs. We show that these diagnostics are consistent with the key log [N ii]/Hα versus log [O iii]/Hβ diagnostic currently used by the community. They also have the advantage of attaching a probability that a given object belongs to one class or the other. Finally, we discuss briefly why diagrams can provide a new way to differentiate and study the different classes of AGNs in anticipation of a dedicated follow-up study.
Neural adaptive control for leader–follower flocking of networked nonholonomic agents with unknown nonlinear dynamics

This paper is concerned with the leader–follower flocking problem of networked nonholonomic multi‐agent systems with non‐identical unknown nonlinear dynamics. The leader motion to be synchronized is also nonlinear and unknown. By employing the graph theory and a pinning control technique, a distributed neural adaptive control design is developed for the agents to achieve motion synchronization with the leader. The design is for a directed communication graph with a fixed topology. A collective potential function is used to maintain cohesion between the agents. On the basis of Lyapunov analysis, the developed neural flocking algorithm guarantees that all the agents’ headings and speeds are synchronized with the leader and collisions between the agents can be avoided. An illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In Depth Analysis of Sleep Apnea Severity

Sleep apnea is a respiratory disorder affecting 10% of the adult population. The gold standard assessment of sleep apnea requires full night polysomnography in a sleep laboratory. However, polysomnography is expensive, time consuming, and inconvenient. Consequently, about 85% of adults with sleep apnea remain undiagnosed. Hence, there is a need for a convenient and robust wearable device to diagnose sleep apnea. This thesis investigates the feasibility of diagnosing sleep apnea by analyzing respiratory related movements. Polysomnography data from participants who were referred for an overnight sleep study at Toronto Rehab’s sleep laboratory was used. Simultaneously, an accelerometer attached to participants’ suprasternal notch was used to record respiratory movements. Algorithms were developed to estimate sleep apnea severity from respiratory movements. Results were compared against gold standard polysomnography. Reference intensity of respiratory event-related arousals was also calculated using clustering analysis to develop accelerometer-based arousal intensity estimation in future.
Species-Speciﬁc Nitrogen Resorption Efﬁciency in Quercus mongolica and Acer mono in Response to Elevated CO 2 and Soil N Deﬁciency

: To test the effects of elevated CO 2 and soil N deﬁciency on N resorption efﬁciency (NRE) from senescing leaves in two non-N 2 -ﬁxing deciduous broadleaved tree species, Japanese oak ( Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata Blume) and Painted maple ( Acer mono Maxim. var. glabrum (L é v. Et Van’t.) Hara), potted seedlings were grown in a natural daylight phytotron with either ambient or elevated CO 2 conditions (36 Pa and 72 Pa CO 2 ) and with two levels of N (52.5 and 5.25 mg N pot − 1 week − 1 for high N and low N, respectively). We examined the N content ( N mass ) of mature and senescent leaves, as well as photosynthesis and the growth of plants, and calculated both the mass-based NRE ( NRE mass ) and leaf area-based NRE ( NRE area ). In both species, the N mass of mature leaves decreased with high CO 2 and low N, whereas the leaf mass per area (LMA) increased under elevated CO 2 , regardless of N treatments. In Q. mongolica , both the maximum rate of carboxylation ( V cmax ) and the maximum electron transport rate ( J max ) were reduced by elevated CO 2 and low N, but V cmax exhibited an interactive effect of N and CO 2 treatments. However, in A. mono , both the V cmax and J max decreased under elevated CO 2 , regardless of N treatments. The partitioning of N for the photosynthetic function within leaves was also signiﬁcantly decreased by elevated CO 2 in both species and increased under low N in A. mono. The N mass of senesced leaves decreased under low N in both species and exhibited an increase ( Q. mongolica ) or no effect ( A. mono ) by elevated CO 2 . The NRE area of Q. mongolica was affected by CO 2 and N treatments, with a decrease under elevated CO 2 compared to ambient CO 2 and under low N compared to high N. The NRE area of A. mono was also affected by CO 2 and N treatments and decreased under elevated CO 2 ; however, unlike in the case of Q. mongolica , it increased under low N. We speculate that these interspeciﬁc differences in the responses of leaf N allocation, indicated by the photosynthetic ( V cmax and J max ) and morphological (LMA) responses to elevated CO 2 , may have affected the NRE during defoliation under high CO 2 and soil N-deﬁcient conditions. the in LMA was inﬂuenced by the increase in starch under CO 2 , and in our area-based TNC increased by +4.1 g m − 2 in Q. mongolica and +3.7 g m − 2 in A. mono under elevated CO 2 conditions. These results indicate that an increase in LMA does not necessarily mean that structural N increased in mature leaves.