Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bulging bifurcation of inflated circular cylinders of doubly fiber-reinforced hyperelastic material under axial loading and swelling

In this paper, we examine the influence of swelling on the bulging bifurcation of inflated thin-walled cylinders under axial loading. We provide the bifurcation criteria for a membrane cylinder subjected to combined axial loading, internal pressure and swelling. We focus here on orthotropic materials with two preferred directions which are mechanically equivalent and are symmetrically disposed. Arterial wall tissue is modeled with this class of constitutive equation and the onset of bulging is considered to give aneurysm formation. It is shown that swelling may lead to compressive hoop stresses near the inner radius of the tube, which could have a potential benefit for preventing aneurysm formation. The effects of the axial stretch, the strength of the fiber reinforcement and the fiber winding angle on the onset of bifurcation are investigated. Finally, a boundary value problem is studied to show the robustness of the results.
Multiple Results of Damped Systems with General Nonlinearities

Abstract We study a class of non-periodic damped systems, where the nonlinearity H is subquadratic at 0 and general at infinity (i.e., it can be subquadratic, asymptotically quadratic or superquadratic at infinity, three examples are constructed to illustrate the three different cases). Besides, the global evenness condition (H⁢(t,-u)=H⁢(t,u)${H(t,-u)=H(t,u)}$) and the global non-negative condition (H⁢(t,u)≥0${H(t,u)\geq 0}$) used before are, respectively, replaced by the local evenness condition (H⁢(t,-u)=H⁢(t,u)${H(t,-u)=H(t,u)}$, |u|≤r${|u|\leq r}$) and the local non-negative condition (H⁢(t,u)≥0${H(t,u)\geq 0}$, |u|≤r${|u|\leq r}$). Under the above weaker and more general conditions, we obtain infinitely many nontrivial small negative energy homoclinic orbits for this class of damped systems by an extension of Clark’s theorem.
Chemical Analysis and Molecular Modelling of Cyclodextrin-Formulated Propofol and Its Sodium Salt to Improve Drug Solubility, Stability and Pharmacokinetics (Cytogenotoxicity)

Propofol is a widely used general anesthetic in clinical practice, but its use is limited by its water-insoluble nature and associated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic limitations. Therefore, researchers have been searching for alternative formulations to lipid emulsion to address the remaining side effects. In this study, novel formulations for propofol and its sodium salt Na-propofolat were designed and tested using the amphiphilic cyclodextrin (CD) derivative hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). The study found that spectroscopic and calorimetric measurements suggested complex formation between propofol/Na-propofolate and HPβCD, which was confirmed by the absence of an evaporation peak and different glass transition temperatures. Moreover, the formulated compounds showed no cytotoxicity and genotoxicity compared to the reference. The molecular modeling simulations based on molecular docking predicted a higher affinity for propofol/HPβCD than for Na-propofolate/HPβCD, as the former complex was more stable. This finding was further confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. In conclusion, the CD-based formulations of propofol and its sodium salt may be a promising option and a plausible alternative to conventional lipid emulsions.
Cultural memory, white innocence, and United States territory: the 2022 Urban Geography Plenary Lecture

ABSTRACT In this paper, I explore how hegemonic forms of cultural memory in the United States, specifically, National Historic Landmarks, represent white supremacy and colonization. National Historic Landmarks are a particular form of commemoration that, according to the National Park Service, “represent an outstanding aspect of American history and culture and embod[y] national significance. ” We examined how such sites represent white supremacy and colonization, based on the nomination materials as well as fieldwork, especially in terms of territorial development. Through our analysis, we identified four primary forms of representation: erasure, valorization, multiculturalism, and acknowledgement. Erasure, valorization, and acknowledgement all constitute denial, albeit in distinct ways. Altogether, over 90% of all National Historic Landmarks denied white supremacy and colonization. I argue that such monumental denial is essential to reproducing white innocence; acknowledging the racial violence embedded in the territorial development of the United States would constitute a crisis for the white nation.
Detection of two magnetocaloric consecutive peaks in HoCo2

ABSTRACT To simulate the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of a HoCo2 sample, a phenomenological model (PM) is used. MCE parameters are inferred from PM as the result of modelling for magnetization vs. temperature in 0.5 T. The HoCo2 exhibits two consecutive conventional MCEs with cooling via adiabatic demagnetization. HoCo2 exhibits double peak MCE behaviour. It is recommended that HoCo2 use it as a useful MR material over a temperature range spanning a significant temperature range of 0–140 K. Consequently, HoCo2 is appealing for MR because its MCE spans a wide temperature range, particularly liquefaction of nitrogen and hydrogen.
Extracellular Vesicles Isolation from Large Volume Samples Using a Polydimethylsiloxane-Free Microfluidic Device

Extracellular vesicles (EV) have many attributes important for biomedicine; however, current EV isolation methods require long multi-step protocols that generally involve bulky equipment that cannot be easily translated to clinics. Our aim was to design a new cyclic olefin copolymer–off-stoichiometry thiol-ene (COC–OSTE) asymmetric flow field fractionation microfluidic device that could isolate EV from high-volume samples in a simple and efficient manner. We tested the device with large volumes of urine and conditioned cell media samples, and compared it with the two most commonly used EV isolation methods. Our device was able to separate particles by size and buoyancy, and the attained size distribution was significantly smaller than other methods. This would allow for targeting EV size fractions of interest in the future. However, the results were sample dependent, with some samples showing significant improvement over the current EV separation methods. We present a novel design for a COC–OSTE microfluidic device, based on bifurcating asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (A4F) technology, which is able to isolate EV from large volume samples in a simple, continuous-flow manner. Its potential to be mass-manufactured increases the chances of implementing EV isolation in a clinical or industry-friendly setting, which requires high repeatability and throughput.
Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases: Role of Interleukins

Autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases are a group of disorders resulting from abnormal immune responses in the nervous system, causing inflammation and tissue damage. The interleukin (IL) family of cytokines, especially IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. IL-1 is involved in the activation of immune cells, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and promotion of blood-brain barrier breakdown. IL-6 is essential for the differentiation of T cells into Th17 cells and has been implicated in the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation. IL-17 is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by Th17 cells that plays a crucial role in recruiting immune cells to sites of inflammation. This review summarizes the current understanding of the roles of different interleukins in autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, neuromyelitis optica, and autoimmune encephalitis, and discusses the potential of targeting ILs as a therapeutic strategy against these diseases. We also highlight the need for further research to better understand the roles of ILs in autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases and to identify new targets for treating these debilitating diseases.
Stable Analysis of SEIR Epidemic Model with Constant Recruitment

We consider an SEIR epidemic model with the general contact rate that susceptible and exposed individuals have constant recruitment.In the model,the latent,infected and recovered period are also infective.The local asymptotical stable results of the epidemic equilibrium is proved by Hurwitz criterion.Furthermore,using the compound matrix theory we obtain sufficient conditions for the global asymptotical stable of the unique endemic equilibrium.
Immunogenicity and safety of Biological E’s CORBEVAX™ vaccine compared to COVISHIELD™ (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine studied in a phase-3, single blind, multicentre, randomized clinical trial

ABSTRACT Optimum formulation of Biological-E’s protein subunit CORBEVAX™ vaccine was selected in phase-1 and -2 studies and found to be safe and immunogenic in healthy adult population. This is a phase-3 prospective, single-blinded, randomized, active controlled study conducted at 18 sites across India in 18–80 year-old subjects. This study has two groups; (i) immunogenicity-group, participants randomized either to CORBEVAX™ (n = 319) or COVISHIELD™ arms (n = 320). (ii) Safety-group containing single CORBEVAX™ arm (n = 1500) and randomization is not applicable. Healthy adults without a history of COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled into immunogenicity arm and subjects seronegative to SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled into the safety arm. The safety profile of CORBEVAX™ vaccine was comparable to the comparator vaccine COVISHIELD™. Majority of reported AEs were mild in nature in both arms. The CORBEVAX™ to COVISHIELD™ GMT-ratios at day-42 time-point were 1·15 and 1·56 and the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for the GMT-ratios was determined as 1·02 and 1·27 against Ancestral and Delta strains of SARS-COV-2 respectively. Both COVISHIELD™ and CORBEVAX™ vaccines showed comparable seroconversion post-vaccination against anti-RBD-IgG response. The subjects in CORBEVAX™ cohort also exhibited higher interferon-gamma secreting PBMC’s post-stimulation with SARS-COV-2 RBD-peptides than subjects in COVISHIELD™ cohort.
The Longer Students Were Out of School, the Less They Learned

ABSTRACT COVID-19 led to school closures and emergency remote learning. This paper analyzes school closures during the pandemic using a unique data base. The determinants of the duration of school closures estimates were used to instrument school closures – stringency of lockdown and vaccination – and causally estimate the impact of duration on learning. It is estimated that for every week that schools were closed, learning levels declined by almost 1% of a standard deviation. This means that a 20 week closure, for example, would reduce learning outcomes by 0.20 standard deviation, almost one year of schooling.
A Broadband Circularly Polarized Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna

A novel broadband low-profile circularly polarized (CP) magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna is proposed in the letter. Sharing the same aperture, a pair of electric dipoles (E-dipoles) and a pair of magnetic dipoles (M-dipoles) are combined through four bulges in the corners of the ring. The arms of the ring work as dipole antennas, i.e., E-dipoles, whereas the slots formed by the ring with bulges and the central patch work as slot antennas, i.e., M-dipoles. To realize CP radiation, a pair of vacant-quarter printed rings with short-end microstrip lines is utilized to excite the dipole and slot antennas simultaneously. The measurement results indicate that a wide overlapped impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of 2.15–3.35 GHz (1.2 GHz, 43.6%) and a low height of 0. 18λ0 at the center frequency of 2.7 GHz are achieved. Moreover, a high gain of 8.5–10.3 dBic and stable radiation patterns with no sidelobes and low back lobes of less than −20 dB are realized for wireless communication.
Topological limit of ultrathin quasi-free-standing Bi2Te3films grown on Si(111)

Topological insulators are promising materials for spintronic device applications. For device architecture based on massive integration, ultrathin films are ideal building blocks and, more importantly, provide an effective way to suppress the bulk conduction caused by natural defects. A fundamental issue for ultrathin topological films is the thickness limit below which the topological surface states (TSSs) become impacted by interfacial interaction. We show that for Bi2Te3 grown on Si(111) this limit is 4 quintuple layers based on angle-resolved photoemission measurements, using optimized photon energies and polarizations, of the Dirac cone warping and interaction-induced gap as a function of film thickness. As illustrated in Fig. 1, both the gap in TSSs and hexagonal warping factor converges exponentially towards the bulk with thickness. Our results are very close to theoretical predictions for freestanding films. Further structural studies also suggest that the substrate-film interaction is actually weak. The measured critical thickness of 4 QL for quasi-freestanding Bi2Te3 films establishes an important design limit for nanoscale applications. The experimental realization of quasifreestanding Bi2Te3 films could also provide opportunities to test some recent theoretical predictions for such films.
Occurrence of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leptospira spp. in goats and sheep from an indigenous village in Pernambuco, Brazil

Abstract This study aimed to determine the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leptospira spp. antibodies in sheep and goats raised in villages of the Xukuru do Ororubá indigenous community, Pernambuco, Brazil. A total of 180 serum samples from sheep and 108 serum samples from goats of both sexes and different ages were analyzed. For antibody research, indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) were used for the protozoa T. gondii and N. caninum, and microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for Leptospira spp. , with a cutoff titer of 1:64, 1:50 and 1:100, respectively. The frequency of anti-T. gondii antibodies was 16.6% (30/180) for sheep and 11.1% (12/108) for goats. The frequency of anti-N. caninum antibodies was 10.55% (19/180) for sheep, and 20.37% (22/108) for goats, while for Leptospira spp. , 2.2% (4/180) of sheep and 1.85% (2/108) of goats reacted positively. The results obtained in this study are unprecedented in indigenous communities in the country and serve as an alert for monitoring goats and sheep from the Xukuru do Ororubá indigenous village regarding the occurrence and productive impact of infections by T. gondii, N. caninum, and Leptospira spp. , in addition to the occurrence of the zoonosis toxoplasmosis and leptospirosis in the indigenous community.
Natural History of Glaucoma Progression in the DBA/2J Model: Early Contribution of Müller Cell Gliosis

Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and the resulting mechanical stress are classically considered the main causes of RGC death. However, RGC degeneration and ensuing vision loss often occur independent of IOP, indicating a multifactorial nature of glaucoma, with the likely contribution of glial and vascular function. The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the time course of neuro–glial–vascular changes associated with glaucoma progression. We used DBA/2J mice in the age range of 2–15 months as a spontaneous model of glaucoma with progressive IOP elevation and RGC loss typical of human open-angle glaucoma. We found that the onset of RGC degeneration at 10 months of age coincided with that of IOP elevation and vascular changes such as decreased density, increased lacunarity and decreased tight-junction protein zonula occludens (ZO)-1, while hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were already significantly upregulated at 6 months of age together with the onset of Müller cell gliosis. Astrocytes, however, underwent significant gliosis at 10 months. These results indicate that Müller cell activation occurs well before IOP elevation, with probable inflammatory consequences, and represents an early event in the glaucomatous process. Early upregulation of HIF-1α and VEGF is likely to contribute to blood retinal barrier failure, facilitating RGC loss. The different time courses of neuro–glial–vascular changes during glaucoma progression provide further insight into the nature of the disease and suggest potential targets for the development of efficient therapeutic intervention aside from IOP lowering.
Use of bacaba peel for the development of hydroelectrolytic beverages and their consumer acceptance

The hydroelectrolytic beverages segment has been expading its market and introducing new flavors in order to meet the demand for new products. However, experimental studies find concerns about the chemical compositions of these drinks. The aim of this study was to develop a drink without synthetic coloring or flavoring, with functional attributes based on the bacaba ( Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.) peel extract. Two hydroelectrolytic drinks were developed, one hypotonic and the other isotonic, containing 0.5 and 1.0% of bacaba peel extract. Physicochemical characterization, determination of total phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity were perfomed, in addition to color evaluation, as well as sensory analysis by means of preference tests. The developed formulations showed potential antioxidant activity and natural red coloring due to the phenolic compounds and anthocyanins present in the beverages. The sensory evaluation indicated positive acceptance by the tasters regarding the addition of the bacaba peel extract to the beverage formulations. The developed formulations demonstrated that the use of the bacaba peel is a viable option for the production of sports drinks, acting as a natural dye and offering health benefits due to its bioactive compounds.
Efficacy of Antivibration Gloves When Used with Electric Hammers of about 10 kg for Chiseling Limestone Rocks

The ISO Standard 10819:2013 defines the method for evaluating the performances of antivibration (AV) gloves, but when used in real fields, the protection can be dissimilar to that labeled. This paper investigates the transmissibility, at the palm level, of three different types of AV gloves (air, gel, neoprene) and an ordinary leather glove, during the use of four similar electric hammers (average weight of 10 kg, and average impact energy of 18 J), in a limestone quarry plant. As the average triaxial transmissibility for all the hammers, results show very limited benefits in reducing the vibration (6%), with no significative differences among the different gloves. The working leather glove, instead, shows a transmissibility quite equal to the unit. Anyway, results can be different for the same glove when used among the different hammers, providing in some cases 19% of protection. Some differences can be found regarding the transmissibility through the three main axes for the same type of glove: the glove in gel seems to perform better in shear than in compression. The transmissibility in compression is around 20% higher than that provided by the manufacturers of the certified gloves. The usage of specific excitation curves during laboratory tests could help in providing a more accurate estimation of the transmissibility of the gloves when used with a specific tool.
Tracing the Rain Formation Pathways in Numerical Simulations of Deep Convection

Quantifying the microphysical process contributions to surface precipitation in numerical simulations can be challenging. This is due to the fact that many microphysical processes contribute to the formation and depletion of rain drops and there is almost always a spatial/temporal mismatch between where/when rain is formed and where/when it strikes the surface. In this work, we develop a tracing method that tracks the sources and sinks of raindrop mass and number as they are advected by the Weather Research and Forecasting model. Applying the method to an idealized squall line confirms that convective precipitation is dominated by warm rain processes (autoconversion and accretion) while stratiform precipitation is dominated by the melting of rimed and unrimed ice crystals. Sensitivity experiments in which the prescribed cloud drop number concentration is increased confirm the conventional wisdom that weakened autoconversion increases the fraction of raindrops originating from cold rain processes. The method also reveals that when applied to deep convection the Khairoutdinov and Kogan autoconversion scheme produces an excessive number of raindrops which are subsequently clipped in P3 microphysics to keep the rain size distribution within prescribed limits. This problem can mostly be mitigated by increasing the assumed radius for raindrops created by autoconversion.
Correction of global digital elevation models in forested areas using an artificial neural network-based method with the consideration of spatial autocorrelation

ABSTRACT To remove vegetation bias (VB) from the global DEMs (GDEMs), an artificial neural network (ANN)-based method with the consideration of elevation spatial autocorrelation is developed in this paper. Three study sites with different forest types (evergreen, mixed evergreen-deciduous, and deciduous) are employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed model on three popular 30-m GDEMs, including SRTM1, AW3D30, and COPDEM30. Taking LiDAR DTM as the ground truth, the accuracy of the GDEMs before and after VB correction is assessed, as well as two existing GDEMs including MERIT and FABDEM. Results show that all the original GDEMs significantly overestimate the LiDAR DTM in the three forest types, with the largest biases of 21.5 m for SRTM1, 26.3 m for AW3D30, and 27.18 m for COPDEM30. Taking data randomly sampled from the corrected area as the training points, the proposed model reduces the mean errors (root mean square errors) of the three GDEMs by 98.8%−99.9% (55.1%−75.8%) in the three forests. When training data have the same forest type as the corrected GDEM but under different local situations, the proposed model lowers the GDEM errors by at least 76.9% (44.1%). Furthermore, our corrected GDEMs consistently outperform the existing GDEMs for the two cases.
The energy dependence of the three types of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in the black hole candidate H1743−322

We investigate the properties of the centroid frequency of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (LF QPOs, 0.1-30 Hz) during the 2003 outburst of H1743-322, by using the observational data of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. We find that the frequency shows different energy dependences for each of the sub-classes of LF QPOs: the QPO frequency is proportional to photon energy for the type C QPOs while it is ambiguous for the type A and B QPOs. For type C QPOs, the slope of the frequency-energy relation versus frequency plot can be well described by a power law with frequency till similar to 7.5 Hz. Beyond similar to 7.5 Hz the slope goes down. The LF QPO amplitude decreases monotonically with the frequency for the type C but increases for the other two types. These properties provide a joint diagnostic for discriminating the different types of LF QPO.