Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Online versus face-to-face learning in introductory university physics following COVID-19

The use of technology in higher education science classrooms rose significantly in the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. In many universities, academic programs including introductory physics classes were taken online. Some institutions adopted online learning but also maintained face-to-face (F2F) laboratories when COVID-19 restrictions began to ease. Here, the effectiveness of the online learning approach in comparison with F2F learning is explored. The percentage difference in performance for students who took the online introductory physics course, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, versus that of students simultaneously taking the same course F2F is reported. This is done both across different sections taught by different instructors, and for the same course taught online versus F2F by the same professor. Furthermore, a short survey was conducted to assess the student learning experience and opinion about online and F2F learning. The results show equal or better overall performance for online learning with 4.2% higher performance when comparing results across different sections taught by different instructors. A similar 6.1% performance improvement was seen when comparing results across different sections taught by the same instructor. In contrast with the performance outcomes, the survey results indicate that about 72% of students prefer F2F compared to online learning. The findings provide a useful reference as many institutions and programs transition back to more standard F2F or hybrid learning modes. The benefits and drawbacks of each mode are discussed in the specific context of student preferences and challenges faced in online learning during COVID-19.
A review on covid-19 and acute ischemic stroke, malignant cerebral edema tackling this crisis by understanding it

Since the world was hit by novel coronavirus pandemic, so many challenges for all healthcare providers have been arisen. It is safe to say that no specialty was singled out in the matter of different complication from this viscous covid-19 situation and neurologists and neurosurgeon were no different. There are some studied reporting neurological complication associated with coronavirus infections but when it comes to life threatening and acute neurological complications such as strokes and malignant cerebral edema the data is scant. Here we are going to review the possible pathophysiology of this phenomenon, the relationship between covid-19 and acute ischemic stroke and malignant cerebral edema by taking a closer look at current data regarding this matter.
1 Instability and Treatments of the Coupled Discrete Element and Lattice Boltzmann Method by the Immersed 1 Moving Boundary Scheme 2

13 The immersed moving boundary (IMB) scheme has been extensively used to couple the discrete element method 14 (DEM) with the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). In the literature, only the formulation of IMB for lattice nodal 15 cells covered by a single solid particle was given. The treatment of situations where a nodal cell is covered by two or 16 more solid particles is seldom discussed. It is found that some numerical instability can occur for such situations due 17 to an inappropriate computation of the weighting function in the IMB formulation. This work presents an enhanced 18 treatment that can resolve the issue and validates it using some benchmark tests. Furthermore, to avoid the extra 19 costs associated with the treatment and simplify the complicated procedure introduced, a simplified IMB scheme is 20 proposed. The accuracy of both enhanced and simplified IMB schemes are validated by test cases including single 21 particle sedimentation, two-particle drafting-kissing-tumbling phenomenon and multiple-particle sedimentation. 22 Then, the robustness of both schemes is examined and discussed using a specially designed flow past cylinders test. 23 The simplified IMB scheme is proved to be robust and sufficiently accurate, and simpler and more effective than the 24 enhanced scheme. 25
Wind Tunnel Investigation of a Rigid Paraglider Reference Wing

Hypotheses adopted for conventional ram-air gliding parachutes are not valid for paraglider aerodynamics and they require a new investigation. This paper presents an experimental database for a reference wing representative of a paraglider wing. Interest is focused on the external flow and on the influence of the spanwise arched shape on stationary longitudinal and lateral aerodynamic characteristics.To isolate this effect, leading edge intake and swell of real textile inflated cells are not represented. Thus,the reference wing is rigid and filled.
Sensitivit yo fPrefronta lCorte xt oChange sin Targe tProbability : AFunctiona lMR IStudy

Electrophysiologica lstudie ssugges tsensitivit yo fth eprefronta lcorte xt ochange si nthe probabilit yo fa nevent . Th epurpos eo fthi sstud ywa st odetermin ei fsubregion so fth eprefronta lcortex respon ddifferentiall yt ochange si ntarge tprobabilitie susin gfunctiona lmagneti cresonanc eimaging (fMRI) . Te nright-hande dadult swer escanne dusin ga gradient-echo ,ech oplana rimagin gsequence durin gperformanc eo fa noddbal lparadigm . Subject swer einstructe dt orespon dt oan ylette rbu t"X" . The frequenc yo ftarget s(i.e. ,an ylette rbu tX )varie dacros strials . Th eresult sshowe dtha tdorsa lprefrontal region swer eactiv edurin ginfrequen tevent san dventra lprefronta lregion swer eactiv edurin gfrequent events . Further ,w eobserve da ninvers erelatio nbetwee nth edorsa lan dventra lprefronta lregion ssuch tha twhe nactivit yi ndorsa lprefronta lregion sincreased ,activit yi nventra lprefronta lregion sdecreased, an dvic eversa . Thi sfindin gma yinde xcompetin gcognitiv eprocesse so rcapacit ylimitations . Most importantly ,thes efinding stake na sa whol esugges ttha tan ysimpl etheor yo fprefronta lcorte xfunction mus ttak eint oaccoun tth esensitivit yo fthi sregio nt ochange si ntarge tprobability . Hum . Brai nMapping 13:2 6-33 ,2001. © 200 1Wiley-Liss ,Inc.
Analysis of Grade II Burns Healing from Andaliman Fruit Ethanol Extract Ointment (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium Dc.) in Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

The prevalence of injuries has increased every year, from riskesdas results data in 2013 reported that burns are the sixth cause of accidental injuries with a prevalence of 0.7 percent of the Indonesian population. Andaliman fruit extract with various phytochemicals has active physiological activity as a potential antioxidant and antimicrobial. The study aims to explore the wound healing effects of andaliman fruit ethanol extract. This study was an experimental study using 20 rats divided into 4 groups (Control, Standard, Essential Oil 10%, and Essential Oil 15%). Wound healing parameters are assessed through wound contraction and epithelial period. Samples of andaliman fruit used in this study were obtained from one of the traditional markets in the city of Medan. Essential oils are obtained from the hydrodistillation process. The results of the study showed significant differences in the epithelial period of the standard group, 10% and 15% in the control group. However, in the andaliman ointment group and the standard group, there was no difference in the epithelial period. This is evident from the value P < 0.05 (Value P = 0.029). The conclusion of the healing effects of burns possessed by andaliman ointment both 10% and 15% and nebacetin ointment as standard shows a significant difference. Where the wound contraction rate of your ointment is 15% better than nebacetin ointment as standard. But in both andaliman ointments, both 10% and 15% and nebacetin ointment as standard did not show significant differences in the parameters of the epithelial period.
Teachers Qualification as a Determinant of Students Achievement and Attitude towards the English Language

This paper examined the issue of teacher’s qualification as a determinant of students’ achievement and attitude towards the English language. Professionally qualified teachers are those who have educational background and have obtained qualification such as National Certification of Education ( NCE); Bachelor of Education (B.Ed); Bachelor of Science Education (B.Sc Ed); Masters in Education (M.Ed); etc. No education can rise above its teachers. Students’ achievement in English language was examined. Most secondary schools in Nigeria have recorded mass failure in English language in the West African School Certificate examination. The concept of attitude was also examined. Teachers’ mastery of the English language was also examined. The study utilized the co-relational design. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study consisted 1600 teachers of English language and 28000 students. Through the simple random sampling technique, a sample size of 540 respondents was selected for the study. Instrument for data collection were three structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while regression was used to test hypotheses 1 and 2. Result of the findings showed that there is a significant relationship between teachers qualification and students achievement in English language. It also showed that there is a significant relationship between teachers qualification and students attitude to English language. Based on this, one of the recommendations is that the government should employ only professionally trained English language teachers to teach English language in secondary schools.
Rogue Waves: Results of the MaxWave Project

Safety of shipping is an ever growing concern. In a summary, Faulkner investigated the causes of shipping casualties (2002, "Shipping Safety: A Matter of Concern, " Ingenia, The Royal Academy of Engineering, Marine Matters, pp. 13-20) and concluded that the numbers of unexplained accidents are far too high in comparison to other means of transport. From various sources, including insurers data over 30% of the casualties are due to bad weather (a fact that ships should be able to cope with) and a further 25% remain completely unexplained. The European project MaxWave aimed at investigating ship and platform accidents due to severe weather conditions using different radars and in situ sensors and at suggesting improved design and new safety measures. Heavy sea states and severe weather conditions have caused the loss of more than 200 large cargo vessels within the 20 years between 1981 and 2000 (Table I in Faulkner). In many cases, single "rogue waves" of abnormal height as well as groups of extreme waves have been reported by crew members of such ships. The European Project MaxWave deals with both theoretical aspects of extreme waves and new techniques to observe these waves using different remote sensing techniques. The final goal is to improve the understanding of the physical processes responsible for the generation of extreme waves and to identify geophysical conditions in which such waves are most likely to occur. Two-dimensional sea surface elevation fields are derived from marine radar and space borne synthetic aperture radar data. Individual wave parameters such as maximum to significant wave height ratios and wave steepness, are derived from the sea surface topography. Several ship and offshore platform accidents are analyzed and the impact on ship and offshore design is discussed. Tank experiments are performed to test the impact of designed extreme waves on ships and offshore structures. This article gives an overview of the different work packages on observation of rogue waves, explanations, and consequences for design.
A principled methodology: a dozen principles of software effort estimation

Software effort estimation (SEE) is the activity of estimating the total effort required to complete a software project. Correctly estimating the effort required for a software project is of vital importance for the competitiveness of the organizations. Both under- and over-estimation leads to undesirable consequences for the organizations. Under-estimation may result in overruns in budget and schedule, which in return may cause the cancellation of projects; thereby, wasting the entire effort spent until that point. Over-estimation may cause promising projects not to be funded; hence, harming the organizational competitiveness. Due to the significant role of SEE for software organizations, there is a considerable research effort invested in SEE. Thanks to the accumulation of decades of prior research, today we are able to identify the core issues and search for the right principles to tackle pressing questions. For example, regardless of decades of work, we still lack concrete answers to important questions such as: “What is the best SEE method? ” The introduced estimation methods make use of local data, however not all the companies have their own data, so: “How can we handle the lack of local data? ” Common SEE methods take size attributes for granted, yet size attributes are costly and the practitioners place very little trust in them. Hence, we ask: “How can we avoid the use of size attributes? ” Collection of data, particularly dependent variable information (i.e. effort values) is costly: “How can find an essential subset of the SEE data sets? ” Finally, studies make use of sampling methods to justify a new method’s performance on SEE data sets. Yet, trade-off among different variants is ignored: “How should we choose sampling methods for SEE experiments? ” This thesis is a rigorous investigation towards identification and tackling of the pressing issues in SEE. Our findings rely on extensive experimentation performed with a large corpus of estimation techniques on a large set of public and proprietary data sets. We summarize our findings and industrial experience in the form of 12 principles: 1) Know your domain 2) Let the Experts Talk 3) Suspect your data 4) Data Collection is Cyclic 5) Use a Ranking Stability Indicator 6) Assemble Superior Methods 7) Weighting Analogies is Over-elaboration 8) Use Easy-path Design 9) Use Relevancy Filtering 10) Use Outlier Pruning 11) Combine Outlier and Synonym Pruning 12) Be Aware of Sampling Method Trade-off.
Lowered Situation Awareness When Using a Helmet- Mounted Head-Up Display (HUD) in a Simulated Rotary- Wing Aircraft

Head-up displays (HUDs) have been shown to facilitate pilot performance in specific tasks such as controlling flight path and altitude. However, results from a number of simulator-based studies suggest that HUDs may decrease pilot situation awareness (SA) in tasks that require continuous monitoring of information in the environment. In extreme cases, HUDs have lowered SA to the extent that pilots may fail to detect potentially critical discrete events in the environment. Most research on HUDs has used fixed-panel displays. The present research examined the impact of a helmet-mounted display (HMD) HUD on pilot SA.
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) among E. coli from aquatic environments in Bangladesh

Fluro(quinolones) is an important class of antibiotic used widely in both human and veterinary medicine. Resistance to fluro(quinolones) can be acquired by either chromosomal point mutations or plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). There is a lack of studies on the prevalence of PMQR in organisms from environmental sources in Bangladesh. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of PMQR genes in E. coli from various water sources and analysed associations between multi-drug resistance (MDR) and resistance to extended spectrum β-lactam antibiotics. We analysed 300 E. coli isolates from wastewaters of urban live-bird markets (n = 74) and rural households (n = 80), rural ponds (n = 71) and river water samples (n = 75) during 2017–2018. We isolated E. coli by filtering 100 ml of water samples through a 0. 2μm cellulose membrane and incubating on mTEC agar media followed by identification of isolated colonies using biochemical tests. We selected one isolate per sample for detection of PMQR genes by multiplex PCR and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by disc diffusion. Clonal relatedness of PMQR-positive isolates was evaluated by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR). About 66% (n = 199) of E. coli isolates harbored PMQR-genes, predominantly qnrS (82%, n = 164) followed by aac(6’)-lb-cr (9%, n = 17), oqxAB (7%, n = 13), qnrB (6%, n = 11) and qepA (4%, n = 8). Around 68% (n = 135) of PMQR-positive isolates were MDR and 92% (n = 183) were extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing of which the proportion of positive samples was 87% (n = 159) for blaCTX-M-1’ 34% (n = 62) for blaTEM, 9% (n = 16) for blaOXA-1, blaOXA-47 and blaCMY-2, and 2% (n = 4) for blaSHV. Further, 16% (n = 32) of PMQR-positive isolates were resistant to carbapenems of which 20 isolates carried blaNDM-1. Class 1 integron (int1) was found in 36% (n = 72) of PMQR-positive E. coli isolates. PMQR genes were significantly associated with ESBL phenotypes (p≤0.001). The presence of several PMQR genes were positively associated with ESBL and carbapenemase encoding genes such as qnrS with blaCTXM-1 (p<0.001), qnrB with blaTEM (p<0.001) and blaOXA-1 (p = 0.005), oqxAB and aac(6’)-lb-cr with blaSHV and blaOXA-1 (p<0.001), qnrB with blaNDM-1 (p<0.001), aac(6’)-lb-cr with blaOXA-47 (p<0.001) and blaNDM-1 (p = 0.002). Further, int1 was found to correlate with qnrB (p<0.001) and qepA (p = 0.011). ERIC-PCR profiles allowed identification of 84 of 199 isolates with 85% matching profiles which were further grouped into 33 clusters. Only 5 clusters had isolates (n = 11) with identical ERIC-PCR profiles suggesting that PMQR-positive E. coli isolates are genetically heterogeneous. Overall, PMQR-positive MDR E. coli were widely distributed in aquatic environments of Bangladesh indicating poor wastewater treatment and highlighting the risk of transmission to humans and animals.
Computed tomography with 6-year follow-up demonstrates the evolution of HTLV-1 related lung injuries: A cohort study

Previous observational studies have demonstrated the development of pulmonary impairments in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infected individuals. The main observed lesions due to chronic inflammation of viral infection in situ are bronchiectasis and lung-scarring injuries. This lung inflammation may be the causal agent of restrictive and obstructive lung diseases, primarily in tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP-HAM) patients. We conducted a prospective cohort study to compare spirometry and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings among 28 HTLV-1-carrier patients over the course of 6 years (2014–2019) (male/female: 7/21; mean age: 54.7 ± 9.5, range: 41–68 years). Chest HRCT exams revealed the development and evolution of lung lesions related to TSP-HAM: including centrilobular nodules, parenchymal bands, lung cysts, bronchiectasis, ground-glass opacity, mosaic attenuation, and pleural thickening. Spirometry exams showed maintenance of respiratory function, with few alterations in parameters suggestive of obstructive and restrictive disorders primarily in individuals with lung lesions and TSP-HAM. The findings of the present study indicate that pulmonary disease related to HTLV-1 is a progressive disease, with development of new lung lesions, mainly in individuals with TSP-HAM. To improve clinical management of these individuals, we recommend that individuals diagnosed with PET-MAH undergo pulmonary evaluation.
Behçet’s Disease and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Case-control Study

Background: Behçet’s disease (BD) is a rare chronic multisystemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. It is usually diagnosed between the 2nd and 4th decades of life, so its association with pregnancy is not unusual. This study aims to characterize the evolution of pregnancy in a group of pregnant women with BD and the impact of this pathology in embryo-fetal morbidity. Methods: A retrospective case-control study included 49 pregnancies in women suffering from BD, followed in our institution. Pregnancy outcomes were compared with a control group of healthy pregnant women. Two controls per case were randomly selected. Statistical analysis used SPSS 25.0, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Forty-nine pregnancies were included in 27 patients with BD. BD exacerbation occurred in 32.6% of the pregnancies. There were no significant statistical differences between the two groups regarding the rate of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia (p>0.05). In the BD group, we found a higher rate of miscarriage (24.5%) and fetal growth restriction (FGR, 13.3%, p<0.05). In the study group, 13 (32.5%) of the pregnant patients did not need treatment. The cesarean rate was significantly higher in the BD group (43.2% vs 20.4% in the control group, p<0.05), and there were no significant differences in median gestational age at the time of delivery (p>0.05). The birth weight of newborns did not differ significantly between the groups. There was no association of BD with maternal morbidity and neonatal complications. Conclusion: In this study, the majority of pregnant with BD did not present clinical exacerbation of their pathology. However, BD may have an adverse influence on pregnancy outcomes. FGR and miscarriage rates were significantly higher in the study group.
A study of hydrogen passivation of grain boundaries in polysilicon thin-film transistors

A series of different annealing temperatures and gases leads to steadily improving performance, i.e. lower leakage current, for five wafers containing both n-channel and p-channel transistors. Initially the n-channel and p-channel leakage currents improve proportionally for the same passivation treatment. For the best wafer, however, the p-channel leakage current improves by a factor of forty more than the n-channel leakage current. Measurement of leakage current activation energy shows that for most wafers, the activation energy is close to one half the silicon bandgap, but for the optimum wafer the activation energy for p-channel leakage current is higher by 0.1 eV. An interpretation is given in terms of the density of defect states in polysilicon. Initially passivation reduces the number of defect states near midgap, but for the optimum passivation the grain-boundary Fermi level shifts by 0.1 eV toward the conduction band, leading to a much lower leakage current for p-channel versus n-channel transistors. >