Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFICACY OF ONESHAPE, NEONITI A1 AND PROTAPER IN REMOVAL OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE FROM THE ROOT CANAL SYSTEM

Background and Objectives: Remnants of calcium hydroxide (CH) used as a medicament in the root canal system can interfere with the function of sealers and compromise the success of treatment. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of One Shape, Neoniti A1 and Pro Taper rotary files in elimination of CH remnants from the root canal system. Materials and Methods: In this vitro, experimental study, the root canals of 26 mandibular second premolars were instrumented with Pro Taper rotary system to F3. CH was applied in the canals. Twenty teeth were randomly selected for the use of three rotary file systems (rinsed and used again for all three file systems) while 6 teeth served as controls. F2 (25/.07) file of Pro Taper Universal, 25/. 08 file of One Shape and 25/. 08 file of Neoniti A1 were used to remove CH from the root canal system. The teeth were then longitudinally split in half. Digital images were obtained of each half and the CH remnants were scored under a stereomicroscope at x40 magnification. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, the KruskalWallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Evaluation of the apical, middle and coronal thirds revealed a significant difference among the groups (P<0.05). Nepniti A1 and One Shape had similar efficacy in the coronal and apical thirds superior to that of Pro Taper. The efficacy of all three systems was the same in the middle third. Conclusion: None of the files completely eliminated CH but Neoniti A1 and One Shape had significantly higher efficacy for this purpose.
The Language of Criminal Confessions : A Corpus Analysis of Confessions Presumed True vs . Proven False

Confession evidence is powerfully persuasive, and yet many wrongful convictions involving false confessions have surfaced in recent years (Innocence Project, 2021; National Registry of Exonerations, 2021). Although police are trained to corroborate admissions of guilt, research shows that most false confessions contain accurate details and other content cues suggesting credibility as well as extrinsic evidence of guilt. Hence, a method is needed to help distinguish true and false confessions. In this study, we utilized a corpus-based approach to outline the linguistic features of two sets of confessions: those that are presumed true (n = 98) and those that have been proven false (n = 37). After analyzing the two corpora in LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) to identify significant categories, we created a logistic regression model that distinguished the two corpora based on three identified predictors: personal pronouns, impersonal pronouns, and conjunctions. In a first sample comprised of 25 statements per set, the model correctly categorized 37 out of 50 confessions (74%); in a second out-of-model sample, the predictors accurately classified 20 of 24 confessions (83.3%). A high frequency of impersonal pronouns was associated with confessions proven false, while a high frequency of conjunctions and personal pronouns were associated with confessions presumed to be true. Several patterns were observed in the corpora. In the latter set of confessions, for example, “I” was often followed by a lexical verb, a pattern less frequent in false confessions. Although these data are preliminary and not to be used for practical diagnostic purposes, the findings suggest that additional research is warranted.
Where Do You Dwell? Neighborhood as a Determinant of School Attendance in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

There is a strong positive association between educational attainment and health outcomes, and neighborhood and housing play central roles in relation to both. This study examined school attendance rates across housing types in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Based on literature establishing associations between neighbourhood deprivation and adverse health and educational outcomes, and on emerging scholarship of ger districts in Ulaanbaatar, the study hypothesized residence in ger districts (gers and family houses) would be associated with lower rates of school attendance. A chi-square test of homogeneity was conducted on dataset made available by UNICEF to examine group differences in school attendance within a sample of 2,827 young people between the ages of 6-18, across three housing types (gers, houses, apartments). Results indicate residence in ger districts is associated with lower rates of school attendance compared to residence in apartment districts. Policy implications include improvements in physical environment and public services in ger districts.
Stabilization of the Leaning Tower of Pisa

The paper deals with the essential studies and works undertaken in the years 1990 to 2001 for a permanent stabilization of the Leaning Tower of Pisa and namely with their structural aspects. The present pathology of the Tower is described, as well as the non destructive testing and the structural analysis leading to the definition of the strengthening. The structural upgrading is briefly described and the results of the tilt reduction are reported.
The Impact of Ammonia Inhalants on Strength Performance in Resistance Trained Males

Richmond SR, Potts AC, Sherman JR. The Impact of Ammonia Inhalants on Strength Performance in Resistance Trained Males. JEPonline 2014;17(2):60-66. Ammonia Inhalants (AIs) have been suspected to enhance athletic performance through an increased awareness and subsequent increase in physical strength. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of AIs on strength performance. Twenty-five college-aged males with at least 3 yrs of resistance training experience performed as many repetitions as possible with the back squat and bench press at 85% of one repetition maximum (1RM) after inhaling either AIs or placebo (Vick’s ® VapoRub ® , VVR). There were no significant differences between the number of repetitions performed in the back squat (P = 0.403) or the bench press (P = 0.422) after inhaling the AIs compared to the VVR. While no differences in performance were observed, many individuals may still continue to use AIs. Therefore, if an individual has no pre-existing medical conditions and feels that AIs improve performance, there appears to be no contraindications to using low doses.
Design effects for multiple design samples

In some situations the sample design of a survey is rather complex, consisting of fundamentally different designs in different domains. The design effect for estimates based upon the total sample is a weighted sum of the domain-specific design effects. We derive these weights under an appropriate model and illustrate their use with data from the European Social Survey (ESS).
Computational and experimental study on the performance improvement of an in-line centrifugal fan by outlet guide vanes

In this article, the performance improvement of an in-line centrifugal fan obtained by utilizing outlet guide vanes is presented. For this purpose, numerical solutions were sought for Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations using a commercial finite-volume-based solver assuming three-dimensional, steady, viscous, and incompressible flow. Computational modeling was first verified by experiments that comply with the fan performance testing International Organization for Standardization Standard BS EN ISO 5801. Streamlines at the outlet revealed the necessity of guide vanes to eliminate the high circumferential velocity component and to recover static pressure rise. For this purpose, manufacturers employ flat plates welded on the fan chassis that carry the motor and the impeller. In the experiments, maximum fan efficiency was 17% without any flow straightener, whereas the flat plates increased the efficiency to 31%. Using the guide vanes designed in this study, the swirl at the outlet was almost completely eliminated, and the maximum efficiency was found to be 38%.
The pink salmon genome: Uncovering the genomic consequences of a two-year life cycle

Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) adults are the smallest of the five Pacific salmon native to the western Pacific Ocean. Pink salmon are also the most abundant of these species and account for a large proportion of the commercial value of the salmon fishery worldwide. A two-year life history of pink salmon generates temporally isolated populations that spawn either in even-years or odd-years. To uncover the influence of this genetic isolation, reference genome assemblies were generated for each year-class and whole genome re-sequencing data was collected from salmon of both year-classes. The salmon were sampled from six Canadian rivers and one Japanese river. At multiple centromeres we identified peaks of Fst between year-classes that were millions of base-pairs long. The largest Fst peak was also associated with a million base-pair chromosomal polymorphism found in the odd-year genome near a centromere. These Fst peaks may be the result of a centromere drive or a combination of reduced recombination and genetic drift, and they could influence speciation. Other regions of the genome influenced by odd-year and even-year temporal isolation and tentatively under selection were mostly associated with genes related to immune function, organ development/maintenance, and behaviour.
The validity and reliability of the GAITRite® system's measurement of the walking dog

Many gait analysis systems have been developed for humans and dogs. However, in veterinary medicine, we need to have a system who is able to quickly analyze the spatial and temporal parameters and relative pressure of the four paws through multiple strides. We have modified a human gait analysis device: the GAITRite system for a canine application. Our intention was to verify the validity and reliability of its use for dogs.
Analysis of the Public Transport Network of Shenyang as a Complex Network

The public transport infrastructure of a city is one of the most important indicators of its economic growth and development. Here we study the public transport network of Shenyang, which represents Chinese domestic civil public transport infrastructure, as a complex network. We find that the public transport system of Shenyang, a network of public transportation routes connected by bus links, is a small-world network characterized by a Poisson degree distribution. We investigate the public transport network as a complex network to explore its topological properties. Simulation results show that the public transport network exhibits small world behavior.
The economic impact of rostering junior doctors to triage to assist nursing staff in the early part of the patient journey through the emergency department

Objective This study aims to determine whether redeploying junior doctors to assist at triage represents good value for money and a good use of finite staffing resources. Methods We undertook a cost-minimisation analysis to produce new evidence, from an economic perspective, about the costs associated with reallocating junior doctors in the emergency department. We built a decision-analytic model, using a mix of prospectively collected data, routinely collected administrative databases and hospital costings to furnish the model. To measure the impact of uncertainty on the model’s inputs and outputs, probabilistic sensitivity analysis was undertaken, using Monte Carlo simulation. Results The mean costs for usual care were $27,035 (95% CI $27,016 to $27,054), while the mean costs for the new model of care were $25,474, (95% CI $25,453 to $25,494). As a result, the mean difference was -$1,561 (95% CI -$1,533 to -$1,588), with the new model of care being a less costly approach to managing staffing allocations, in comparison to the usual approach. Conclusion Our study shows that redeploying a junior doctor from the fast-track area of the department to assist at triage provides a modest reduction in cost. Our findings give decision-makers who seek to maximise benefit from their finite budget, support to reallocate personnel within the ED.
Imaging for thinned perforator flap harvest: current status and future perspectives

Abstract With advances in anatomical knowledge and technology, increased interest has been directed towards reconstruction with enhanced aesthetic and functional outcomes. A myriad of thinned perforator flap harvest approaches have been developed for this purpose; however, concerns about jeopardizing their vascularity remain. To ensure optimum reconstructive outcome without hampering the flap’s microcirculation, it is important to make good use of the existing advanced imaging modalities that can provide clear visualization of perforator branches, particularly in the adipose layer, and an accurate assessment of flap perfusion. Therefore, this review will highlight the imaging modalities that have been utilized for harvesting a thinned perforator flap from these two perspectives, along with future insights into creating both functionally and aesthetically satisfying, yet simultaneously safe, thinned perforator flaps for the best reconstructive outcomes for patients.
An Analysis of Demographics and Inhaled Corticosteroid Use on COVID-19 Outcomes Among Hospitalized Adult Asthmatics: An Early Experience at a NY Hospital System

Purpose It is unclear whether asthma is a risk factor for the development of COVID-19; however, severe asthma is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. While systemic corticosteroids are beneficial during the inflammatory phase of COVID-19, the impact of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is unclear. We sought to characterize asthmatics admitted with COVID-19 early in the pandemic, determine if baseline factors are associated with more severe COVID-19 disease, and if the use of ICS may mitigate the severity of COVID-19. Patients and Methods A retrospective chart review of hospitalized asthma patients >18 years testing positive for SARS-CoV2 from March to June 2020 was performed. Baseline demographic and asthma variables were collected. COVID-19 outcomes and laboratory values were extracted and compared between sex, race, ethnicity, and ICS use. Results Of the 906 patient charts reviewed, 787 asthmatics were confirmed to be admitted for symptomatic COVID-19. Sex differences were found in hospitalization and intubation. Non-Hispanic patients had a significantly greater number of days on ventilator. Patients on ICS were 1.6 times more likely to be discharged on supplemental oxygen compared to patients not on ICS (p = 0.01). Conclusion While our findings confirm trends observed by others with respect to risk factors among asthmatics with COVID-19, differences based on sex, ethnicity and ICS use in asthmatics were observed. Our finding that ICS use was associated with discharge with oxygen is novel. Future research is needed to study the trajectory of asthmatics from diagnosis to outcomes.
Immunotherapy Efficacy in the Initial Lines of Treatment in Advanced Upper Gastrointestinal Malignancies: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Abstract Background The therapeutic role of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has represented the cutting edge of clinical research in upper gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies, with these agents now included in the armamentarium of treatment options for advanced gastric and esophageal cancers. Methods We performed a systematic literature review and pooled analysis to map out the currently available robust clinical evidence for the use of ICIs in upper GI cancers. Immunotherapy (IO), either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, and its role in first-line, maintenance, and second-line settings, as well as in specific clinical and biological subgroups, were critically appraised. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results ICIs, in combination with chemotherapy, have provided statistically significant overall survival benefit in the first-line setting in gastric and gastro-esophageal adenocarcinomas (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.76 to 0.90, P < .001; based on 4 studies) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.81, P < .001; based on 3 studies), albeit with heterogeneous efficacy according to biomarker expression. Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and in particular high programmed cell death ligand-1 expression, derive survival benefit when treated with IO in the second-line setting (HR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.68 to 0.82, P < .001; for any level of programmed cell death ligand-1 expression). Clinical trials interrogating the combination of IO with chemotherapy in second-line treatment should be seriously considered in upper GI adenocarcinomas. The role of maintenance IO after initial disease control is still unclear and cannot be recommended. Impressive response rates and survival benefit from IO have been reported in patients with microsatellite instability-high tumors (HR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.57, P < .001), and this warrants further prospective biomarker-driven studies. Conclusions IO is changing the treatment landscape in upper GI malignancies. The rapidly developing evidence in the field needs to be critically appraised while further validation of the existing information from ongoing trials is awaited.
Direct bump-on-copper process for flip chip technologies

Direct bump-on-copper technology provides a direct cost saving, equivalent bumping qualities, and better performance and reliability for products. The bump-on-copper FOC (flex-on-cap) technology is modified and derived from the existing high volume, reliable, proven bump-on-aluminum FOC process. A copper compatible adhesion layer, namely, titanium, combined with a NiV barrier layer and a Cu wetting layer for solder are used to construct the tri-metal stack that defines a reliable under bump metallurgy (UBM) for flip chip solder bumps. A proprietary solder deposition technique using solder paste is then applied to form the solder interconnects. Bump quality tests such as bump height and bump shear strength demonstrates an equivalent structure to the existing Al/NiV/Cu based flip chip bump. Wafers constructed as described are tested at both wafer level and in an assembled level. All perform well in the preliminary reliability evaluation including temperature cycle (TC), thermal shock (TS), autoclave test (PCT), high temperature storage (HTS), high temperature operational life (HTOL), and high accelerated stress test (HAST).
Nursing students’ experience of learning cultural competence

Introduction European societies are rapidly becoming multicultural. Cultural diversity presents new challenges and opportunities to communities that receive immigrants and migrants, and highlights the need for culturally safe healthcare. Universities share a responsibility to build a fair and equitable society by integrating cultural content in the nursing curricula. This paper aims to analyze European student nurses´ experience of learning cultural competence and of working with patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. Materials and methods A phenomenological approach was selected through a qualitative research method. 7 semi-structured focus groups with 5–7 students took place at the participants’ respective universities in Spain, Belgium, Turkey and Portugal. Results 5 themes and 16 subthemes emerged from thematic analysis. Theme 1, concept of culture/cultural diversity, describes the participants’ concept of culture; ethnocentricity emerged as a frequent element in the students’ discourse. Theme 2, personal awareness, integrates the students’ self-perception of cultural competence and their learning needs. Theme 3, impact of culture, delves on the participants’ perceived impact of cultural on both nursing care and patient outcomes. Theme 4, learning cultural competence, integrates the participants’ learning experiences as part of their nursing curricula, as part of other academic learning opportunities and as part of extra-academic activities. Theme 5, learning cultural competence during practice placements, addresses some important issues including witnessing unequal care, racism, prejudice and conflict, communication and language barriers, tools and resources and positive attitudes and behaviors witnesses or displayed during clinical practice. Conclusion The participants’ perceived level of cultural competence was variable. All the participants agreed that transcultural nursing content should be integrated in the nursing curricula, and suggested different strategies to improve their knowledge, skills and attitudes. It is important to listen to the students and take their opinion into account when designing cultural teaching and learning activities.
Controller interface for controller-pilot data link communications

The controller interface was designed to generate air traffic controller messages per RTCA DO-219 for Controller-Pilot data link communications (CPDLC). The controller interface is part of the low visibility landing and surface operations (LVLASO) project being researched by NASA's Langley and Ames Research Centers. The messages implemented in the controller interface were tailored for the ground controller to handle airport surface traffic. Of primary concern were messages related to taxi routes and hold short instructions. These messages drive the moving map display in the NASA 757 research aircraft. The controller interface, using voice recognition and a touch screen for controller input, was tested at Atlanta Hartsfield Airport in August 1997.
BANDWIDTH ENHANCEMENT USING SLOTTED U- SHAPE MICROSTRIP ANTENNA WITH PBG

Low profile, light weight, easily mounted, broad bandwidth and high gain are the key features for antenna designed for wireless applications. The microstrip antenna (MSA) allows the features mentioned above except for its narrow bandwidth and low gain. The bandwidth of the microstrip antenna usually ranges from less than 1% to several percent. Work of this paper is based on an alternative approach in enhancing the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna using photonic bandgap structure in ground for the wireless local area network (WLAN) application operating at a frequency of 2.1 GHz. We first describe briefly the properties of the microstrip antenna & photonic band gap structure and after this we design a slotted U-shape microstrip antenna with PBG structure using cavity model method. Then the results are simulated with IE3D based on MOM method. At the end, we compare the simulated result with same design without photonic band gap structure. We find that the bandwidth of microstrip antenna is enhanced by adding a PBG structure . A bandwidth enhancement of more than 35% was achieved.