Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Deep Spiking Architecture for Reconstruction of Compressed Data in Cognitive Radio Networks

Cognitive Radio (CR) offers a spectrum sharing solution to handle the massive amount of devices operating in the same spectrum. In this work a sub-Nyquist compressive sensing technique is proposed that allows secondary users to sense and utilize idle spectrum. Reconstruction of compressed sparse data is achieved through a dual stage sophisticated reconstruction algorithm. The reconstruction uses a classical fast Orthogonal Matching Persuit (OMP), followed by a new spiking deep Residual neural Network (ResNet) architecture. The proposed architecture is obtained through a novel distributed conversion technique that is proposed to convert deep architectures to a spiking neural networks. The reconstructed data is compared in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE) and Structural Similarity (SSIM) to the compressed data and the ground truth. Super Resolution Convolutional Neural Network (SRCNN) and a Deep ResNet are also used for reconstruction. The proposed algorithm outperforms SRCNN and the unconverted ResNet, specially at low Channel SNR (CSNR). In addition, the proposed algorithm results in a 68% reduction in both storage and energy requirements, which makes it suitable for implementation on User Equipment (UE).
Non-spherical similarity solutions for dark halo formation

We carry out fully three-dimensional simulations of evolution from self-similar, spherically symmetric linear perturbations of a cold dark matter (CDM)-dominated Einstein-de Sitter universe. As a result of the radial orbit instability, the haloes which grow from such initial conditions are triaxial with major-to-minor axial ratios of the order of 3: 1. They nevertheless grow approximately self-similarly in time. In all cases, they have power-law density profiles and near-constant velocity anisotropy in their inner regions. Both the power-law index and the value of the velocity anisotropy depend on the similarity index of the initial conditions, the former as expected from simple scaling arguments. Halo structure is thus not 'universal' but remembers the initial conditions. On larger scales the density and anisotropy profiles show two characteristic scales, corresponding to particles at the first pericentre and at the first apocentre after infall. They are well approximated by the Navarro―Frenk―White model only for one value of the similarity index. In contrast, at all radii within the outer caustic the pseudo-phase-space density can be fitted by a single power law with an index which depends only very weakly on the similarity index of the initial conditions. This behaviour is very similar to that found for haloes formed from ACDM initial conditions and so can be considered approximately universal.
Phase statistics of the WMAP 7 year data

We performed a comprehensive statistical analysis using complex phases of the alm coefficients computed from the most recent data of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). Our alm was to confirm or constrain the presence of non-Gaussianities in the data. We found phase correlations - that suggest non-Gaussianity – at high l in alm coefficients by applying various statistical tests. Most of all, we detected a non-Gaussian signal reaching a significance of 4. 7σ using random walk statistics and simulations. However, our conclusion is that the non-Gaussian behavior is due to contamination from galactic foregrounds that show up in small scales only. When masked out the contaminated regions, we found no significant non-Gaussianity. Furthermore, we constrained the fNL parameter using CMB simulations that mimic primordial non-Gaussianity. Our estimate is fNL = 40 ± 200, in agreement with previous measurements and inflationary expectations. (© 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An analysis of university academic integrity policies in New Zealand

ABSTRACT Policy analysis studies conducted in various countries have highlighted strengths and weaknesses in university academic integrity policy documents that outline expectations for student conduct while undertaking scholarly work. Missing from the literature is a review of such policies currently in place at the eight public universities in Aotearoa New Zealand. Using publicly accessible documents from each university, this study conducted a content analysis based on five core elements of exemplary academic integrity policies: access, approach, responsibility, detail, and support. Results revealed that the majority of universities had policies built on principles that aligned with both educative and punitive approaches to academic integrity. While most institutions presented detailed policies, the documents showed room for improvement with regard to access and support. The study offers suggestions for enhancing the academic integrity policies of Aotearoa New Zealand universities and calls for continued internal review and revision as one step towards an improved culture of academic integrity.
CFD models of the bronchial airways with dynamic boundaries

Obtaining reliable CFD predictions of the bronchial flow that reflects the actual flow within a living lung requires the development of a deforming airways model, and the imposition of physiological subject-specific boundary conditions. This thesis addresses these two issues by the development of dynamic CFD models of the bronchial airways using a dynamic CT data set covering the breathing cycle of a laboratory animal. A deformation algorithm is proposed that matches the CFD mesh of the subsequent airway geometries generated from the dynamic CT data set. In addition, a novel nonlinear dynamic airway model generated from a pair of CT images is introduced. The proposed non-linear deforming model is capable of successfully capturing the non-linear motion characteristics of the bronchial airways based on the clinical measurements of the lung volume change. Furthermore, a technique to drive physiological subjectspecific boundary conditions for the terminal surfaces of the CFD models of the bronchial airways is introduced. The proposed technique depends on approximating the lung volume associated to each terminal surface over several time points over the breathing cycle based on the mechanical coupling between the bronchial airways and the vascular tree. The computed dynamic subject-specific boundary conditions were imposed on the terminal surfaces of the deforming airway model and the effect of wall motion on the flow features during tidal breathing is investigated for the first time. The outcome of this thesis is expected to improve the fidelity of the CFD predictions of the bronchial flow compared to the actual flow within a living lung. In addition, the availability of a new non-linear dynamic model of the bronchial airways that requires one pair of CT images as input, which complies with the radiation dosage restrictions for humans will facilitate the development of well-resolved CFD models of the human bronchial airways.
Mixed inflaton and spectator field models after Planck

We investigate the possibility that the primordial perturbation has two sources: the inflaton and a spectator field, which is not dynamically important during inflation but which after inflation can contribute to the curvature perturbation. We derive the constraints on the model by using recent Planck results on the spectral index, tensor-to-scalar ratio and nonlinearity parameters fNL and τNL for the cases with and without specifying the inflation and spectator models. If one chooses the spectator to be the curvaton with a quadratic potential, non-Gaussianities can be computed and imply restrictions on possible values of the ratio of the spectator-to-inflaton power R. We also consider a mixed curvaton and chaotic inflation model and show that even quartic chaotic inflation is still feasible in the context of mixed models even with Planck data.
Common Etiologies of Generalized Tooth Mobility: A Review of Literature

Background and Aim: Tooth mobility, which is prevalent among patients seeking dental healthcare services, happens when the tooth is reversibly displaced horizontally or vertically beyond its normal physiological limits. Tooth mobility is classified into 2 subgroups: localized and generalized. Generalized tooth mobility occurs when more than 2 teeth are mobile. In this review, the available studies regarding the common etiologies of generalized tooth mobility are discussed. Materials and Methods: In this review data were collected by reviewing the available articles published between 2011 to 2021 in national and international by searching the PubMed, PubMed Google and Embase databases using the key words “Tooth Mobility”, “Tooth Movement” “Periodontal Disease”, “Systemic Disease”, and “Malignant Disease”. Among the relevant articles, 51 were chosen. Results: It seems that numerous etiologies, which can be either physiological or pathological, can result in generalized tooth mobility. Conclusion: Since an optimal treatment outcome depends on accurate diagnosis, it is crucial for the dentists to be aware of the common etiologies of this condition.
Deep 3 GHz number counts from a P(D) fluctuation analysis

Radio source counts constrain galaxy populations and evolution, as well as the global star formation history. However, there is considerable disagreement among the published 1.4-GHz source counts below 100 microJy. Here we present a statistical method for estimating the microJy and even sub-microJy source count using new deep wide-band 3-GHz data in the Lockman Hole from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). We analyzed the confusion amplitude distribution P(D), which provides a fresh approach in the form of a more robust model, with a comprehensive error analysis. We tested this method on a large-scale simulation, incorporating clustering and finite source sizes. We discuss in detail our statistical methods for fitting using Monte Carlo Markov chains, handling correlations, and systematic errors from the use of wide-band radio interferometric data. We demonstrated that the source count can be constrained down to 50 nJy, a factor of 20 below the rms confusion. We found the differential source count near 10 microJy to have a slope of -1.7, decreasing to about -1.4 at fainter flux densities. At 3GHz the rms confusion in an 8arcsec FWHM beam is ~ 1.2 microJy/beam, and a radio background temperature ~ 14mK. Our counts are broadly consistent with published evolutionary models. With these results we were also able to constrain the peak of the Euclidean normalized differential source count of any possible new radio populations that would contribute to the cosmic radio background down to 50 nJy.
From domain walls to localized structures in degenerate optical parametric oscillators

Degenerate optical parametric oscillators (DOPO) possess one-dimensional stable domain wall solutions in the presence of diffraction. Such domain walls connect two homogeneous stable states and display damped spatial oscillations. In two dimensions, domains of one homogeneous phase inside the other tend to shrink for zero and positive detunings. For pump values above an appropriate threshold, the shrinking of the domains is stopped by the short-range interaction of the oscillatory tails of pump and signal domain walls leading to local back conversion and radially symmetric localized states. This mechanism corresponds to the stabilization of a homoclinic orbit and is generic in that it requires neither peculiar bistability conditions nor the existence of a patterned state. Neither domain walls nor domain-wall-induced localized states survive in the non-degenerate case with a large frequency difference between signal and idler fields.
Vote-selling as unethical behavior: Effects of voter’s inhibitory self-control, decision toward vote-buying money, and candidate’s quality in Indonesia election

This study examines two stages of vote-selling among voters: to accept or refuse money, and then to vote for the vote-buyer or competitor. Using unethical behavior and money-as-temptation as a framework, we predict that the amount of the money will influence the decision to accept, but that the effect will be lower among voters with higher inhibitory self-control (ISC). We also predict that accepting money will influence the vote choice, but that the influence will be lower when the competitor has higher levels of integrity and leadership. Overall, the voters decision on money offered will moderate the relations between amount of money and vote choice. A population-based survey experiment with 1,220 participants of Indonesian voters was conducted to test these predictions. Participants were randomly assigned to one of 12 groups using a 4 (money offered: IDR50,000 vs. 100,000 vs. 150,000 vs. none) × 3 (candidate's personal quality: high leadership competitor vs. high integrity competitor vs. equal) between-group design. They made two hypothetical decisions: to accept or refuse the money, and to vote for the vote buyer or the competitor. The results showed that participants were signicantly tempted by larger amount of money, but the effect was moderated by ISC. However, there were no significant interaction between decision on money offered and candidates’ quality in influencing vote choice. Results from mediation analysis showed that accepting money was significantly mediate the influence of money on vote choice. Theoretical implications for understanding the practice of vote-buying and vote-selling are discussed.
EXTENDED TAILS FROM SGR 1806–20 BURSTS

In 2004, SGR 1806–20 underwent a period of intense and long-lasting burst activity that included the giant flare of 2004 December 27—the most intense extra-solar transient event ever detected at Earth. During this active episode, we routinely monitored the source with Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and occasionally with Chandra. During the course of these observations, we identified two relatively bright bursts observed with Konus-Wind in hard X-rays that were followed by extended X-ray tails or afterglows lasting hundreds to thousands of seconds. Here, we present detailed spectral and temporal analysis of these events observed about 6 and 1.5 months prior to the 2004 December 27 giant flare. We find that both X-ray tails are consistent with a cooling blackbody of constant radius. These spectral results are qualitatively similar to those of the burst afterglows recorded from SGR 1900+14 and recently from SGR 1550−5418. However, the latter two sources exhibit significant increase in their pulsed X-ray intensity following the burst, while we did not detect any significant changes in the rms pulsed amplitude during the SGR 1806–20 events. Moreover, we find that the fraction of energy partitioned to the burst (prompt energy release) and the tail (afterglow) differs by an order of magnitude between SGR 1900+14 and SGR 1806–20. We suggest that such differences can be attributed to differences in the crustal heating mechanism of these neutron stars combined with the geometry of the emitting areas.
Evolution and Trends of Meteorological Drought and Wet Events over the Republic of Djibouti from 1961 to 2021

Drought is a meteorological and hydrological phenomenon affecting the environment, agriculture, and socioeconomic conditions, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. A better understanding of drought characteristics over short and long timescales is therefore crucial for drought mitigation and long-term strategies. For the first time, this study evaluates the occurrence, duration, and intensity of drought over the Republic of Djibouti by using a long-term (1961–2021) rainfall time series at Djibouti Airport, completed by the CHIRPS precipitation product and local records from 35 weather stations. The drought is examined based on the Standardized Precipitation–Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) at 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, and 24-month timescales, so as to document short-, medium-, and long-duration events. The SPEI and SPI showed a significant drying tendency for the indices computed over 12 and 24 months at Djibouti Airport. The eastern coastal region of the Republic of Djibouti was the most affected by the increased drought incidence in recent decades, with more than 80% of the extremely and severely dry events occurring within the period 2007–2017. In contrast, the western regions recorded a positive trend in their SPIs during the period 1981–2021, due to the dominance of the June–September (JJAS) rains, which tend to increase. However, in the last few decades, the whole country experienced the droughts of 2006/2007 and 2010/2011, which were the longest and most intense on record. Large-scale climate variability in the Indo-Pacific region partially affects drought in Djibouti. The SPI and SPEI are significantly positively correlated with the Indian Ocean Dipole during October–December (OND), while for JJAS the SPI and SPEI are negatively correlated with Nino3.4. The wet event in 2019 (OND) causing devastating floods in Djibouti city was linked with a positive IOD anomaly. This study provides essential information on the characteristics of drought in the Republic of Djibouti for decision-makers to better plan appropriate strategies for early warning systems to adapt and mitigate recurrent droughts that put the country’s agro-pastoral populations in a precarious situation.
Cat-human related activities associated with human well-being

Besides inconsistent evidence relating to the mental health benefits of pet ownership, there is a specific lack of data in relation to cat ownership. Research in this field frequently fails to consider the effect of specific cat-human relationships or activities that might impact owner well-being. This study aimed to identify and address this gap by examining the activities associated with owning a cat that were perceived by owners to impact on their well-being. Twenty cat owners (18 to 74 years old) were interviewed remotely, and their audio transcripts thematically analysed. 67 activities were reported by cat owners to cause changes in their hedonic or eudaimonic well-being or life satisfaction. Most activities were reported to improve well-being, for example, “providing for the cat” increased feelings of enjoyment and enhanced owner’s reported purpose in life. However, some activities were predominantly associated with negative outcomes, such as veterinary visits and cat behaviour problems. This study presents an operationally-defined framework that lays the groundwork for further research in the field of human-cat interaction and human well-being. It highlights the importance of focusing on specific activities associated with cat ownership, rather than just assessing “ownership” per se, as if it is a homogenous phenomenon.
Trend of Having More Name Parts in Homogeneous Community

The intersection of loyalty to tradition among Prajurit Karaton and the demands of the times, particularly in terms of naming, is a topic that deserves to be researched. Furthermore, the community characteristics that are usually raised in scientific writings about naming are heterogeneous communities, so homogeneous communities become an important supporting component that completes the topic. This is a qualitative study that uses the Prajurit Karaton as the primary data source and a list of the names of their offspring as the secondary data. As a result, the names of the Prajurit Karaton’s offspring changed from mostly mononyms in the 1960s to polynyms in the 2010s. Nonetheless, the identity of a Javanese society remains. This also demonstrates that the Prajurit Karaton give names in accordance with the times while maintaining their identity as Javanese people and the Javanese cultural values.
Genetic divergence and AMMI analysis of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) in Himalayan foothill regions of Jammu

The present experiment was undertaken during kharif 2017 and 2018 at two locations (Jammu and Kathua) and consisted of nine hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes of diverse origin. The highest grain yield per ha was observed for PAC 807 followed by Sava 200 and PHB 71 based on pooled mean data over the environments. The highest genetic advance were observed for panicle per m2 (9.35), whereas the highest genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for days to flowering (6.15). Genetic divergence study revealed that all the nine hybrid rice genotypes were grouped into three clusters. Cluster II had the largest number of genotypes (5), although they were originated from different sources. Cluster I had three genotypes, whereas cluster III was a single genotype cluster. There was good amount of diversity present in hybrid genotypes with maximum diverse genotypes of PHB 71, BS 008 and BS 1294. Environment III and IV were highly interactive and showed higher mean grain yield for favourable and unfavourable conditions. Environment I (Jammu-2017) showed very less interaction and can be considered as ideal for cultivation of hybrid rice genotypes under study. The hybrid BS 008 and Sava 200 found as a genetically diverse hybrid with stable below average mean performance for grain yield and can be identified as stable genotype under varying conditions of these north western Himalayan foot hill regions of Jammu and Kashmir.
Quarkonia: a theoretical frame

We discuss a general theoretical framework for the study of bound states made of two heavy quarks. For states below threshold, the framework has been developed to the level of providing precision studies for several charmonium and bottomonium observables. For states above threshold, like some of the newly discovered charmonium-like resonances at the B factories, a systematic description exists so far only for specific systems.
Physicochemical Characterization and Prospecting Biological Activity of Some Authentic Transylvanian Essential Oils: Lavender, Sage and Basil

Essential oils are a category of agro-based industrial products experiencing increasing demand. In this research, three essential oils obtained by steam distillation from lavender, sage and basil plants cultivated in temperate continental conditions of Transylvania were investigated for chemical composition, physical characteristics and biological activity (antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines). The number of identified compounds varied: 38 for lavender, 29 for sage essential oil and 41 for basil. The volatile profile was dominated by terpenes and terpenoids (>80%). Major components were beta-linalool and linalool acetate in lavender essential oil; thujones and camphor in sage essential oil; beta-linalool, thujone, camphor and eucalyptol in basil essential oil. Refractive index of the essential oils was lowest for lavender and highest for sage. Antibacterial activity was strongest for basil, moderate for lavender and weakest for sage essential oil. The most active on both colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and ovary carcinoma (A2780) was sage essential oil.