Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria, Prevalence Report during Antenatal Period at Pumhsw Nawabshah, Pakistan

Objective: The aim of study is the determination of prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria during antenatal period in PUMHSW, with prevalence of antenatal asymptomatic bacteriuria in neighboring countries. Methodology: This study is Cross Sectional-Prospective, and conducted at the Department of Pathology Peoples University of Medical & Health Sciences (PUMHS) for Women Nawabshah (Shaheed Benazir Abad). All the samples (417) were obtained from the pregnant women attending the Outpatient Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics PUMHS Hospital Nawabshah.All midstream clean catch collected urine sample in sterile container processed for urine detailed report Original Research Article Sial et al.; JPRI, 33(27A): 18-23, 2021; Article no.JPRI. 67934 19 (physical, chemical and microscopic examination). All the demographic details were entered and analyzed by SPSS 20.More than 8 international as well as national databases were searched to the year 2020, consisting of google, Pub-med, Science direct, Web of Science, Medline. The data obtained were analyzed and their results reported with a random-effects model with confidence level 95%. Result: Out of 417 patients the mean age of the pregnant female was 29.32± 5.74 years.There were females with mean parity of 2.66 ±2.42 and mean gestational age was25.84± 11.80. Age when compared with asymptomatic bacteriuria revealed statistically significant value p value 0.000 with an increased incidence seen among age group of 26-30yrs n=33(44%). The total prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) was 83(19.9%). Age when compared with asymptomatic bacteriuria revealed statistically significant value p value 0.000 with an increased incidence seen among age group of 26-30yrs. Conclusion: Asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy is increasingly found in younger age women, with increasing gestational age. Therefore urine cultures during antenatal period should be done to diagnose asymptomatic bacteriuria in order to make preventative planning and control of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women.
Pathogenic bacteria can produce exopolysaccharides and use them as carbon source under stress conditions: the case of Erwinia amylovora

Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have long been related with cell protection under adverse conditions, but this information is still scarce in phytopathogenic bacteria. Erwinia amylovora, causal agent of the devastating fire blight disease, has to face with several stresses in plant environment such as starvation and toxic copper ions. Therefore, we aimed to study whether amylovoran, its major and most studied EPS, could be used as nutrient source by starved E. amylovora cells in presence of copper. Then, we monitored the culturability and the amylovoran levels of a wild type strain in comparison with its amylovoran-deficient mutant throughout six months in carbon-free AB medium plus 0.005 mM Cu, versus AB plus copper supplemented with 0.2% of amylovoran extract. A significant proportion of non-culturable E. amylovora cells was induced by starvation and copper stresses, but it was remarkably reduced by the use of amylovoran as nutrient in both the wild type strain and the amylovoran-deficient mutant. This phenomenon had not been previously reported either in plant pathogenic bacteria or in presence of copper.
LIVING WITH TERROR NOT LIVING IN TERROR: RELIGIOUS FACTORS AFFECTING PEACE IN PAKISTANI AREAS OF SECTARIAN VIOLENCE

Problem and aim of the study: This study is set out to investigate the impact of misinterpretation of religious education on sectarian violence in District Hangu. Research methods: Primary data regarding religious education and its role in sectarian violence was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. The sample size of 279 respondents from three selected villages of District Hangu was randomly selected through the proportional allocation method. The level of significant relationship of the study variables was determined through the Chi-Square test at the Bivariate level analysis. At the multivariate level analysis sect and education were used as controlled variables. Results: Results show that religious education has a significant role in generating sectarian violence as the observed value of 27.617 as strongly significant at a 1% level of significance. Moreover, the findings of the study revealed the relationship between madrasas’ education and sectarian violence as significant ( ≤ 0.05) for both groups i.e., literate, and illiterate. Application of the study: This empirical work is useful in policy planning for the institutionalism of religion. Notwithstanding, a policy for formal registration of all religious madrassas is the need of the day. The present study highlights that extremist literature should be banned in madrassas and there should be a proper syllabus for these institutions. The uniformity of religious education including modern education in their syllabus might be beneficial in this regard. Further, it is needed to focus on the development of underdeveloped areas of Pakistan and encourage cross religion and sects’ dialogue. Originality and Novelty of the study: In Pakistan, the phenomena of sectarian violence have received limited attention in the literature. The existing empirical work in this area is primarily concerned with the political and social aspects of sectarian violence. Thus, the present study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by empirically exploring the issue of sectarian violence from a religious perspective. In this study, a novel method has been applied to determine the impact of religious education on sectarian violence by controlling the background variables of sect and education of the study participants. Such an application of the novel method is believed to enhance the validity of this study and vividly expose the role of sects in the sectarian violence in the research site.
Determining the Sources and Transport of Brown Carbon Using Radionuclide Tracers and Modeling

The isotope tracer technique plays a key role in identifying the sources and atmospheric processes affecting pollution. The sources of brown carbon (BrC) at Guangzhou during 2017–2018 were characterized by positive matrix factorization with radiocarbon isotope constraints and multiple linear regression analysis. The primary emission factors of fossil fuel combustion (FF) and biomass burning (BB) accounted for 34% and 27% of dissolved BrC absorption at λ = 365 nm (Abs365), respectively. The total mean light absorption contributed by secondary sources was 39%. The FF‐origin Abs365 changed insignificantly throughout the year and was dominant in the summer monsoon period, whereas the Abs365 from BB and secondary nitrate formation increased and contributed larger fractions during the winter monsoon period. Transported BrC was estimated using an index of 7Be/(7Be + n210Pb). Higher values were generally accompanied by lower Abs365, whereas lower values were associated with higher Abs365, indicating that BrC absorption of aerosols transported from the upper‐atmosphere is lower than that of aerosols transported near the surface. Based on the positive correlations between 210Pb and Abs365 and non‐fossil dissolved organic carbon in the winter monsoon period, we estimated that the contribution of invasive BrC (include ground and upper‐atmosphere level) to total absorption during the period of elevated BrC was ∼50%. The transported BrC was likely related to BB organic aerosols and secondary nitrate formation processes. This study supports radionuclides as a novel method for characterizing the sources and transport of BrC that can be applied in future atmospheric research.
Cumulative Hot-Electron Trapping in GaN-Based Power HEMTs Observed by an Ultrafast (10 V/Ns) On-Wafer Methodology

The goal of this article is to advance the understanding of the impact of hard switching on the dynamic performance of GaN-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). To this aim, we developed a fast (10 V/ns) on-wafer system for testing devices in hard switching. The system has been used to study the reliability of several <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$W_{G}=2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm p-type GaN HEMTs with different <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{\text {GD}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> or buffer properties. First, we show that by optimizing the drain node capacitance, we can speed up the hard-switching transition to a few ns, even on-wafer level. Second, repeating the experiment by using multiple frequencies, from 1 to 100 kHz, we demonstrate that, in real-world applications, cumulative turn-on stress has a much stronger effect on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{\mathrm {ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> compared with OFF-state stress. Third, by comparing the results on identical devices having shorter <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{\text {GD}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, we pinpoint hot electrons as the main mechanism in the device degradation, ruling out the contribution of self-heating. Finally, by comparing three wafers with different processing conditions (different passivation, different buffer), we suggest that trapping phenomena related to hot electrons happen in ns time scale and that the properties of the buffer can significantly impact the dynamic performance of the devices in hard switching.
Emotion information processing as a new component of emotional intelligence: Theoretical framework and empirical evidence

The relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and emotion information processing (EIP) has received surprisingly little attention in the literature. The present research addresses these gaps in the literature by introducing a conceptualization of emotional intelligence as composed of two distinct components: (1) EIK or emotion Knowledge component, captured by current ability emotional intelligence tests, related to top-down, higher order reasoning about emotions, and which depends more strongly on acquired and culture-bound knowledge about emotions; (2) EIP or emotion information Processing component, measured with emotion information processing tasks, requires faster processing and is based on bottom-up attention-related responses to emotion information. In Study 1 (N = 349) we tested the factorial structure of this new EIP component within the nomological network of intelligence and current ability emotional intelligence. In Study 2 (N =111) we tested the incremental validity of EIP in predicting both overall performance and the charisma of a presenter while presenting in a stressful situation. Results support the importance of acknowledging the role of emotion information processing in the emotional intelligence literature and point to the utility of introducing a new EI measure that would capture stable individual differences in how individuals process emotion information.
Board governance diversity and international decision of Indonesia’s service companies

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between Board of Commissioners diversity and international decision of service companies. Specifically, this study investigates the effect of ethnic, nationality, qualification, and experience diversity of Board of Commissioners on international decision. Company with high Board of Commissioners diversity tends to have more effective in monitoring the Management Board and therefore reduce the agency cost as well as the company performance. 99 service companies listed in Indonesia’s stock exchange is participated in this study. As this study using the multivariate regression analysis, the classical assumptions must be satisfied. The result shows that the ethnic, qualification and experience diversity of Board of Commissioners have a significant effect on international decision. In addition, company size tends to have a better position to sell in the foreign market. Company with higher leverage is likely to have a higher international decision. Theoretically, this reseach implies that board governance diversity in unique two-tier board model could also be explained by agency theory. In addition, this finding shows that the company can increase the international decision by increasing the qualification and experience diversity of Board of Commissioners. However, the Board of Commissioners ethnic diversity should be reduced to increase the international desicion.
Research of the Acellular Valved Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit Treated with Proanthocyanidin

Objective:To investigate the effect of proanthocyanidin-fixed decellularized valved bovine jugular vein conduit(BJVC),and to establish the experimental foundation for the further application it in cardiovascular surgery and tissue engineering. Methods:Twenty-four BJVCs,randomly divided into 3 groups and fixed with proanthocyanidins(decellularized BJVCs fixed with 0.5% proanthocyanidin),glutaraldehyde(decellularized BJVCs fixed with 0.625% glutaraldehyde) and the control group(fresh BJVCs), respectively.The morphologic and mechanical properties of BJVCs in the 3 groups,including thickness,diameter,moisture content, denaturation temperature,tensile strength,elongation at break,fixed index and the in vitro enzymatic degradation resistance,were detected.And the vitro cytotoxicity test and hemolysis tests were applied in the biological evaluation of the fixed BJVCs.Results:1.The cells compounds removed thoroughly,fiber stents to maintain complete;2 There were no significant differences in its effect of these two crosslinking agents,though the crosslinking speed of proanthocyanidin was slower than glutaraldehyde;3 There were no difference in wall thickness,diameter between proanthocyanidin group and fresh group.Though the tissue water content of proanthocyanidin fixed tissue was inferior to fresh tissue,it was still higher than glutaraldehyde fixed tissue.For fixation of biological tissue with glutaraldehyde or proanthocyanidin,denaturation temperature, tensile strength and elongation increase at break as well as in vitro enzymatic degradation resistance.There were no significant differences in denaturation temperature and the in vitro enzymatic degradation between glutaraldehyde and proanthocyanidin fixed tissues.However,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the proanthocyanidin fixed tissueswere significantly superior to that of the glutaraldehyde fixed tissues.4 The hemolysis tests showed that hemolysis rate of fixed tissues which fixed with glutaraldehyde or proanthocyanidin,respectively,5%,in line with the national biological materials hemolysis test standards,but the group of fixed with proanthocyanidin was significantly lower than that of glutaraldehyde.And the vitro cytotoxicity test showed that cytotoxicity of the proanthocyanidin fixed tissues was lower than that of the glutaraldehyde fixed tissues.Conclusions:Proanthocyanidin is an effective and suitable approach for crosslink BJVC without toxicity compared with glutaraldehyde,and it has a good research and application prospect in improving the physicochemical properties of BJVC.
Sustainable Innovation in Higher Education: The Impact of Gender on Innovation Competences

There is currently an increasing interest for sustainable innovation in our society. The European agendas highlight the role of higher education institutions in the formation and development of innovation competences among students. Our study aimed to contribute to the analysis of the level of achievement of students’ innovation competences by considering two sustainable development goals (SDG) of the 2030 United Nations’ Agenda: Gender Equality (SDG 5) and Quality Education (SDG 4). This article tries to answer how business students perceive their own innovation competences and which innovative competences are best achieved by students, as well as if there are differences in the achievement of these competences depending on the students’ gender. Our results, from a sample of 360 students in the Business Administration and Management Bachelor’s Degree at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, confirm the extensive development of innovation competences. Moreover, female students present a high level of preparation for innovation-oriented action. These findings have educational implications for potentiating the innovation competences and environments where females can attain innovation skills.
Views of Secondary Education Teachers in Cyprus, Regarding the Information They Receive for Pupils with Chronic Diseases in Their Classes

In Cyprus, many pupils with chronic diseases attend public school in regular classes, managing their disease's demands in parallel with their education. Teachers are responsible for both education and management of these pupils at school. They have to see to their safety, but they must also provide equal learning opportunities to pupils with chronic diseases. Therefore, teachers' information about each child's condition and needs is crucial for their better response to the challenge of coping with the unique needs these pupils may have at school and in the classroom. This study's purpose is an initial investigation of the quality of the information teachers receive in this context. Our methodology is qualitative. We conducted twelve interviews with secondary education teachers in Larnaca and Famagusta in Cyprus during 2019-2020. We analyzed our data by applying the Thematic Content Analysis method. Our findings indicated that teachers felt that the school's information regarding pupils with chronic diseases was either incomplete or, even worse, non-existent.
Towards Understanding Change-Supportive Organisational Behaviours in China: An Investigation of the 2015 Chinese National Football Reform

Abstract This paper investigates the influences of change recipients’ supportive behaviors toward the national reform in the Chinese football sector. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews (n = 29), which were conducted with change recipients from national and local football associations and commercial football clubs. Drawing on an integrated conceptual framework, the findings suggest that the change-supportive behaviors demonstrated by the change recipients were influenced and incentivised by managerial factors (i.e., management competency, communication channels, participation in decision-making, leaders’ commitment to change, and principal support); and contextual factors (i.e., an amenable football environment and the perceived political pressure to change). Three manifestations of change-supportive behaviors were identified: a) showing understanding of the change but pessimistic about the outcome; b) supporting the change and being willing to take risks; and c) supporting the change and actively seeking alternative solutions.
Partisan Polarization Is the Primary Psychological Motivation behind Political Fake News Sharing on Twitter

Abstract The rise of “fake news” is a major concern in contemporary Western democracies. Yet, research on the psychological motivations behind the spread of political fake news on social media is surprisingly limited. Are citizens who share fake news ignorant and lazy? Are they fueled by sinister motives, seeking to disrupt the social status quo? Or do they seek to attack partisan opponents in an increasingly polarized political environment? This article is the first to test these competing hypotheses based on a careful mapping of psychological profiles of over 2,300 American Twitter users linked to behavioral sharing data and sentiment analyses of more than 500,000 news story headlines. The findings contradict the ignorance perspective but provide some support for the disruption perspective and strong support for the partisan polarization perspective. Thus, individuals who report hating their political opponents are the most likely to share political fake news and selectively share content that is useful for derogating these opponents. Overall, our findings show that fake news sharing is fueled by the same psychological motivations that drive other forms of partisan behavior, including sharing partisan news from traditional and credible news sources.
Teachers’ narratives during COVID-19 partial school reopenings: an exploratory study

ABSTRACT Background Many countries around the world imposed nationwide school closures to manage the spread of COVID-19. England closed its schools for most pupils in March 2020 and prepared to reopen schools to certain year groups in June 2020. Understanding teachers’ lived experiences at this time of educational disruption is important, shedding light on challenges faced and support needed by schools and teachers in the event of further disruption. Purpose The research reported here represents the second timepoint in a longitudinal study investigating what it was like being a teacher in England during the pandemic. Our aim was to better understand teachers’ experiences at a time of partial reopening of schools in mid-June 2020. Method We used the framework of Self-Determination Theory to explore challenges to teachers’ basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness. A total of 24 primary and secondary state school teachers from 20 schools across England were interviewed and asked to tell stories of a low point, a high point and a turning point. A reflexive thematic analysis, using a mix of inductive and deductive coding, was conducted. Findings Six themes were identified in the data: uncertainty, practical concerns, worry for pupils, importance of relationships, teacher identity, and reflections. Challenging their basic need for autonomy and competence, teachers were anxious about current and future uncertainties while navigating school reopenings. Challenging their basic need for relatedness, teachers described the importance of connecting with pupils and their families, and with colleagues. Lastly, teachers searched for holistic meaning, evaluating what it means to be a teacher and reflecting on how these circumstances have affected their personal and professional lives. Conclusions Our analysis of teachers’ experiences provides insight into how teachers’ psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness have been challenged. It highlights the importance of supporting teachers to feel autonomous, competent and connected with colleagues, pupils and their families. Such support is likely to be beneficial to teachers’ wellbeing and their commitment to the profession, now and in the future.
Integrating Ecosystem Function and Structure to Assess Landscape Ecological Risk in Traditional Village Clustering Areas

Land use in traditional village clustering areas often exhibits slight dynamic changes; however, significant hidden ecological hazards may be present in local settlements. There is still a lack of dynamic ecological risk assessments for the corresponding classification-based prevention strategies and landscape ecosystem attributes’ enhancement. Based on the land-use changes, this study integrated the ecosystem structure and function to explore the characteristics of the landscape ecological risk in traditional village clustering areas. The clustering area of 24 national traditional villages in Songyang County of Lishui City in Zhejiang Province, China, served as the study region to evaluate and analyze the changes in the landscape ecological risk from 2010 to 2019. The results showed that the land-use transitions were subtle but dominated by changes from forest cultivated land, posing high risk and medium—high risk increased slowly in size. Additionally, significantly increased risks were located mainly in the boundary area of the five villages. Moreover, 22 settlements were found in the sensitive area with increased risks less than 600 m away. This assessment will provide a basis for traditional villages’ risk prevention and ecosystem protection.