Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time Inconsistency and Overdraft Use: Evidence from Transaction Data and Behavioral Measurement Experiments

Households regularly fail to make optimal financial decisions. But what are the underlying reasons for this? Using two conceptually distinct measures of time inconsistency based on bank account transaction data and behavioral measurement experiments, we show that the excessive use of bank account overdrafts is linked to time inconsistency. By contrast, there is no correlation between a survey-based measure of financial literacy and overdraft usage. Our results indicate that consumer education and information may not suffice to overcome mistakes in households’ financial decision-making. Rather, behaviorally motivated interventions targeting specific biases in decision-making should also be considered as effective policy tools. JEL Codes: D14, D90, G51, G53
Usefulness of KMAS as Perceived by The Farmers

Kisan Mobile Advisory Service (KMAS) delivers real-time agricultural information and customized knowledge to improve farmers’ decision-making ability so that they may enable to increase their production and productivity, better aligning the farm output to market demands; securing better quality and improved price recovery in a globally competitive agrarian economy. The study was conducted at Kolar district of Karnataka state. A total of 120 farmers who had registered under KMAS were selected randomly for the study. Ex-post facto research design was used for the study. Usefulness of KMAS was measured by employing the scale developed by Singh (2012) with due modifi cations. Majority of the registered farmers perceived KMAS messages as ‘most useful’ and ‘regularly utilized’ the information sent by KMAS.
Emerging Antiarrhythmic Drugs for Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide, is driven by complex mechanisms that differ between subgroups of patients. This complexity is apparent from the different forms in which AF presents itself (post-operative, paroxysmal and persistent), each with heterogeneous patterns and variable progression. Our current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for initiation, maintenance and progression of the different forms of AF has increased significantly in recent years. Nevertheless, antiarrhythmic drugs for the management of AF have not been developed based on the underlying arrhythmia mechanisms and none of the currently used drugs were specifically developed to target AF. With the increased knowledge on the mechanisms underlying different forms of AF, new opportunities for developing more effective and safer AF therapies are emerging. In this review, we provide an overview of potential novel antiarrhythmic approaches based on the underlying mechanisms of AF, focusing both on the development of novel antiarrhythmic agents and on the possibility of repurposing already marketed drugs. In addition, we discuss the opportunity of targeting some of the key players involved in the underlying AF mechanisms, such as ryanodine receptor type-2 (RyR2) channels and atrial-selective K+-currents (IK2P and ISK) for antiarrhythmic therapy. In addition, we highlight the opportunities for targeting components of inflammatory signaling (e.g., the NLRP3-inflammasome) and upstream mechanisms targeting fibroblast function to prevent structural remodeling and progression of AF. Finally, we critically appraise emerging antiarrhythmic drug principles and future directions for antiarrhythmic drug development, as well as their potential for improving AF management.
Variable viscosity effects on the flow of MHD hybrid nanofluid containing dust particles over a needle with Hall current—a Xue model exploration

This study scrutinizes the flow of engine oil-based suspended carbon nanotubes magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) hybrid nanofluid with dust particles over a thin moving needle following the Xue model. The analysis also incorporates the effects of variable viscosity with Hall current. For heat transfer analysis, the effects of the Cattaneo–Christov theory and heat generation/absorption with thermal slip are integrated into the temperature equation. The Tiwari–Das nanofluid model is used to develop the envisioned mathematical model. Using similarity transformation, the governing equations for the flow are translated into ordinary differential equations. The bvp4c method based on Runge–Kutta is used, along with a shooting approach. Graphs are used to examine and depict the consequences of significant parameters on involved profiles. The results revealed that the temperature of the fluid and boundary layer thickness is diminished as the solid volume fraction is raised. Also, with an enhancement in the variable viscosity parameter, the velocity distribution becomes more pronounced. The results are substantiated by assessing them with an available study.
Students’ Opinion of Gifted Education and Teaching Profession

Gifted education is specific and requires extensive investment from teachers to respond to their students’ cognitive and social needs. Due to the link between beliefs and behaviors, teachers’ views on this issue are often monitored to ensure that gifted students receive educational opportunities appropriate to their learning needs. This paper presents student teachers’ attitudes to gifted education and their perception of the teaching profession. It was considered essential to look at how future teachers relate to the teaching profession to prevent possible problems and better respond to gifted students’ needs. Eighty-three students of the Teacher Education Faculty, University of Belgrade, participated in the research. A customized Gagné and Nadeau questionnaire Attitudes towards the gifted and their education and a customized questionnaire Teacher job satisfaction were used. The results showed that students have favorable opinion of gifted education in Serbia. Thus, positive thinking and the theoretical concepts related to gifted education they studied will be appropriately incorporated into their teaching practice. It also shows that these students are sensitive to other groups of students with disabilities. A significant belief was that ‘Children with disabilities have the greatest need for special educational programs. ’ The research showed that students are satisfied with the social position and opportunities for advancement that the teaching profession offers them, while they are somewhat more dissatisfied with society’s economic position. The positive results are encouraging because they indicate the existence and maintenance of a positive trend toward Serbia’s gifted education.
HIGH-VOLUME AND HIGH-INTENSITY FUNCTIONAL TRAINING IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: A PILOT STUDY ON FEASIBILITY AND FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a high-volume and high-intensity functional training programme in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to explore whether functional capacity improves. A further objective was to explore changes in muscle strength and aerobic capacity. Methods This pilot study comprised a 12-week intervention, with an 8-week follow-up period. The intervention consisted of 3 weekly 3-h training sessions, comprising functional resistance-, endurance-, and skills training. Feasibility (questionnaire), functional capacity (Timed Up and Go Test, 10-Meter Walk Test, and 6-Minute Walk Test), aerobic capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise test) and muscle strength (1 repetition maximum (RM) leg press) were evaluated. Results Seven patients completed the study. Patients attended a mean of 93% of the training sessions. One adverse event was reported, which was not related to the training programme. Patients scored positive or very positive on 86% of the feasibility aspects and scored an overall grade of 8.9 on a scale of 1–10 regarding satisfaction with the training programme. Functional capacity, aerobic capacity, and muscle strength seemed to be improved after the training programme, but the improvements were not always sustained. Conclusion This new high-volume and high-intensity functional training programme appeared to be feasible in patients with MS, and may improve their functional capacity, aerobic capacity and muscle strength. A large-scale controlled trial over a longer period of time is required to evaluate the added value of the training programme. LAY ABSTRACT Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder which affects 2.3 million people worldwide. People with MS often have impaired physical fitness, which may induce fatigue. In this pilot study we evaluated a new and high-intensive training program. Patients trained for 12 weeks, three days a week, three hours a day. We explored whether the training program is feasible in MS, and whether patients improve their physical fitness. Seven patients completed the study, and attended on average 93% of the training sessions. Patients scored an overall grade of 8.9 on a scale of 1 to 10 regarding satisfaction with the training program. Physical fitness seemed to be improved, but improvements did not always preserve eight weeks after the training program. We concluded that the training program appears to be feasible in patients with MS, and may improve their physical fitness. However, a large controlled study is necessary to confirm these findings.
Chest Compression-Related Flail Chest Is Associated with Prolonged Ventilator Weaning in Cardiac Arrest Survivors

Chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be associated with iatrogenic chest wall injuries. The extent to which these CPR-associated chest wall injuries contribute to a delay in the respiratory recovery of cardiac arrest survivors has not been sufficiently explored. In a single-center retrospective cohort study, surviving intensive care unit (ICU) patients, who had undergone CPR due to medical reasons between 1 January 2018 and 30 June 2019, were analyzed regarding CPR-associated chest wall injuries, detected by chest radiography and computed tomography. Among 109 included patients, 38 (34.8%) presented with chest wall injuries, including 10 (9.2%) with flail chest. The multivariable logistic regression analysis identified flail chest to be independently associated with the need for tracheostomy (OR 15.5; 95% CI 2.77–86.27; p = 0.002). The linear regression analysis identified pneumonia (β 11.34; 95% CI 6.70–15.99; p < 0.001) and the presence of rib fractures (β 5.97; 95% CI 1.01–10.93; p = 0.019) to be associated with an increase in the length of ICU stay, whereas flail chest (β 10.45; 95% CI 3.57–17.33; p = 0.003) and pneumonia (β 6.12; 95% CI 0.94–11.31; p = 0.021) were associated with a prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation. Four patients with flail chest underwent surgical rib stabilization and were successfully weaned from the ventilator. The results of this study suggest that CPR-associated chest wall injuries, flail chest in particular, may impair the respiratory recovery of cardiac arrest survivors in the ICU. A multidisciplinary assessment may help to identify patients who could benefit from a surgical treatment approach.
Subliminal emotional faces do not capture attention under high attentional load in a randomized trial presentation

ABSTRACT In spatial cueing paradigms, emotional stimuli generally orient attention more efficiently, leading to modulations of behavioural and neuronal responses according to stimulus valence. In a previous study, we showed that when emotional stimuli are not consciously perceived, they cannot orient attention and that emotion is not processed when attentional load is high. In the present studies, we were able to confirm these behavioural findings, even when stimulus duration is randomized, which was not the case in the original study. These results confirm the original findings and show that even in a randomized sequence, irrelevant emotional expressions displayed under the threshold of awareness do not capture attention when the task involves high attentional load.
Influence of previous experience and socioeconomic characteristics on willingness to pay for physiotherapy in Poland

The healthcare system in many countries is characterised by the co-existence of public and private medical services. Patients’ decisions regarding the purchase of private health services are made taking into account the trade-off between the price of a treatment and its quality and the waiting time. The aim of this study is to find out which factors impact the willingness to pay for health insurance or the willingness to pay for medical treatment. The study demonstrates that besides socio-demographic characteristics, some negative experiences (e.g. unavailable treatments, long waiting times, long journeys involved) and the experience of already having paid for treatments impact the willingness to pay. The results suggest that negative experiences are likely to cause a change in patients’ habits.
CFD verification and validation of added resistance and seakeeping response in regular oblique waves with varying wave length

The importance of CFD is increasing in marine hydrodynamics in studying seakeeping and added resistance of ships. While extensive numerical studies have been reported for various ships in head seas in the literature, much fewer CFD studies are found for oblique waves, which in practice is very important in, for instance, estimating required power and manoeuvrability of ships in realistic sea states. In this paper, the added resistance and motion responses for the KCS container ship in regular waves are studied and validated systematically for ﬁve wave headings and six wavelengths using CFD. The ship is free to heave, pitch, and roll. Implementations to the commercial CFD code are made to ﬁx the yaw and surge motions. Extensive veriﬁcation of the CFD model ﬁnds the estimated spatial and temporal discretization errors to be less than 5 %. Results of the veriﬁed CFD model are compared with up to three sets of experimental data sets, Potential Flow (PF) and existing CFD results from the literature. In general, the present CFD results show signiﬁcantly better agreement with the experiments than previously published CFD results. The agreement between the present CFD model and experiments is better for the headings, where the uncertainties of the experiments are smallest. Present CFD results conﬁrm previous published numerical ﬁndings that the experimental roll motion is excessive for the 45 ◦ heading. and validation of seakeeping responses and added resistance of the KCS container ship in regular oblique waves by using a CFD approach with turbulence modelling. Convergence studies of both the temporal and spatial discretization errors are presented. Discussions are made to determine aﬀordable time steps and mesh sizes while to keep the discretization errors acceptable. The yaw and surge motions are constrained by user-implementations in the commercial software, which consist of additions of springs and concentrated forces/moment to cancel the ﬂuid forces and moments. The mesh and time step convergence studies shows that the sum of the spatial and temporal discretization errors for an aﬀordable calculation is less than 5 %, which is smaller than the average standard deviation of the experiments by (Sanada et al., 2021). A study of
Equity pledge of controlling shareholders, property right structure and enterprise innovation efficiency: evidence from Chinese firms

Abstract The innovation efficiency of an enterprise is subject to the behavior of the innovation subject, while the equity pledge behavior of the controlling shareholder not only brings convenience for innovation investment and financing, but also brings risks which has an impact on the innovation output of the enterprise. In this paper, we investigate how equity pledge of controlling shareholders affect the enterprise innovation efficiency using the data of China’s A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2020, and examine the effect of property right structure on the relationship between them from the two dimensions of equity nature and equity concentration. We find that equity pledge of controlling shareholders are signifcantly negatively related to innovation efficiency, meaning that equity pledge inhibits the innovation behavior of enterprises and reduces the innovation efficiency. We further provide evidence to show that the impediment effect of equity pledge of controlling shareholder on enterprise innovation efficiency is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises and decentralized equity enterprises. Moreover, our analysis shows that different equity concentration levels have different effects in the process of equity pledge affecting enterprise innovation efficiency and the effect of concentrated equity enterprises is lower than that of decentralized enterprises.
Liming and grazing intensities effects on soil mineral nitrogen throughout the pasture cycle in a subtropical integrated crop-livestock system

: Grazing intensity is a preponderant factor for the success of integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS). Management of grazing intensity impacts soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, soil reacidification process, and amount and quality of residues added to the ICLS. Consequently, the soil mineral nitrogen (N) forms may present different behavior throughout the pasture cycle, because they are directed linked to SOM and soil acidity dynamics. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of grazing intensities and liming in the temporal variation of acidity and mineral N forms in soil surface (0.00-0.20 m) and subsurface (0.20-0.40 m), throughout the pasture cycle of an ICLS under an Oxisol in the Brazilian subtropics. The study was performed 11 years after the beginning of the field experiment, characterized by the cattle grazing in a winter pasture of oat + ryegrass during the winter and soybean cropping during the summer. The experimental design is randomized block with three replicates, where the grazing intensities are in the plots and liming is the subplots. The grazing intensities were defined as grazing sward height management, being 0.10, 0.20-0.30, and 0.40 m defined as intensive (IG), moderate (MG) and light grazing (LG), respectively. We evaluated the soil ammonium (N-NH 4+ ), nitrate (N-NO 3- ), mineral N and pH at 45, 70, 156 and 192 days after pasture sowing (DAPS). Our results showed that grazing intensities only affected the soil pH at the end of pasture cycle, with MG presenting higher pH than IG and LG, regardless of liming. A decrease of soil N mineral stocks was observed throughout the pasture cycle in all managements, due to the decrease of soil N-NO 3- stocks in the surface and subsurface layers and of N-NH 4+ only in the surface layer. The influence of grazing intensities was only observed for N mineral forms in limed areas before the beginning of grazing. At 45 DAPS, MG and LG presented the highest and the lowest N-NH 4+ , respectively. At 70 DAPS, the behavior was inverse, and LG presented the highest N-NO 3- stock and the MG and IG the lowest N-NO 3- stocks. With such results, it is possible to conclude that there is an influence of grazing intensity and liming in the temporal variation of soil pH and mineral N forms in ICLS and this may be utilized for improvements in N fertilizer management, mainly before the starting of winter grazing.
20-nm enhancement-mode metamorphic GaAs HEMT with highly doped InGaAs source/drain regions for high-frequency applications

ABSTRACT In this article, the DC and RF performance of a SiN passivated 20-nm gate length metamorphic high electron mobility transistor (MHEMT) on GaAs substrate with highly doped InGaAs source/drain (S/D) regions have investigated using the Synopsys TCAD tool. The 20-nm enhancement-mode (E-mode) MHEMT device also features δ-doped sheets on either side of the In0.53Ga0. 47As/InAs/In0.53Ga0. 47As channel which exhibits a transconductance of 3100 mS/mm, cut-off frequency (fT) of 740 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency (fmax) of 1040 GHz. The threshold voltage of the device is found to be 0.07 V. The room temperature Hall mobilities of the 2-dimensional sheet charge density are measured to be over 12,600 cm2/Vs with a sheet charge density larger than 3.6 × 1012 cm−2. These high-performance E-mode MHEMTs are attractive candidates for sub-millimetre wave applications such as high-resolution radars for space research, remote atmospheric sensing, imaging systems and also for low noise wide bandwidth amplifier for future communication systems.
Digital Image Analysis-Based Evaluation of Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 Delocalization in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and in Its Precancerous State

Accumulating evidence has revealed that delocalization of the transmembrane proteins, Claudin-1 and Claudin-7, to the cytoplasm and/or nucleus occurs in various tumors. However, their subcellular distribution in terms of the membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus and relationship with signaling pathways have not been elucidated during carcinogenesis. We first determined the expression of these proteins in the membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus using ImageJ software and automatically collected the immunohistochemical quantification of dysplasia (actinic keratosis (AK)), carcinoma in situ (CIS; Bowen's disease (BD)), and invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) for digital image analysis (DIA). The activity of p-ERK, p-AKT, and p-mTOR and their correlation with subcellular Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 were also performed. Finally, we validated Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 delocalization at the cytoplasm and nucleus in cultured human normal keratinocytes and cutaneous SCC cells. Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 were delocalized as revealed by membranous, cytoplasmic, and nuclear staining in sun-exposed skin, AK, BD, and SCC. In BD, both membranous and cytoplasmic Claudin-1 (nuclear Claudin-1 decrease but no significant difference) were higher than AK, while Claudin-7 almost had the opposite situation. In SCC, cytoplasmic and nuclear Claudin-1 (membranous Claudin-1 no significant difference) was lower than in AK and sun-exposed skin, while Claudin-7 had higher membranous and cytoplasmic but lower nuclear expression. Moreover, p-AKT and p-mTOR (but not p-ERK) were downregulated in the SCC. Subcellular Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 were not only correlated with each other, but also correlated with p-ERK in BD and p-AKT and p-mTOR in SCC. Together, these results imply the delocalization of Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 and their correlation with MAPK/ERK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathways in tumorigenesis and infiltration in cutaneous SCC.
Annual Carbon Sequestration Patterns in Trees: A Case Study from Scots Pine Monospecific Stands and Mixed Stands with Sessile Oak in Central Poland

The need to understand the carbon sequestration ability of trees under current and future climatic scenarios is fundamental to predict the role of forest in counterbalancing the global warming. In this study, we investigated the carbon sequestration ability of Pinus sylvestris L. in a setting of pure and mixed forests with Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. in Central Poland. Beside the traditional growth measures, i.e., Ring Width, Basal Area Increment, and wood density, we utilized also a new Index called BAIden, which combines Basal Area Increment and mean ring wood density to depict the carbon sequestration ability of trees. Pinus sylvestris showed different sensitivity to climatic variability depending on tree admixture, while the Basal Area Increment and wood density presented few differences between pure and mixed forests. According to the BAIden index, carbon accumulation in P. sylvestris showed similar sensitivity to climatic variability in pure and mixed forests. The new index was also informative on the main climatic drivers of carbon sequestration. Considering future climatic scenarios, the carbon sequestration ability of P. sylvestris will be facilitated by rising temperatures in late winter-early spring and reduced by decreasing precipitation and rising temperatures during summer. Finally, we discussed the perspective and applicability of BAIden for further studies on carbon sequestration ability under climate change.