Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MANUFACTURING COST COMPARISON OF RTM, HP-RTM AND CRTM FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE ROOF

The manufacturing cost of conventional Resin Transfer Molding (RTM), High Pressure RTM (HP-RTM) and Compression RTM (CRTM) have been analyzed for an automotive roof case. Results from process simulation have been used to define the cycle time, equipment specifications and layout of each technology. The filling time for RTM is 616 s, 228 s for HPRTM and 30 s for CRTM. The main consequence of the shorter injection times of CRTM is that higher molding temperature can be used, reducing the total cycle time per part. Consequently, for 90,000 parts/year the RTM cell should be equipped with 15 presses and molds, whereas HP-RTM needs 6 and in CRTM cell a single press/mold is enough. The number of presses/molds is more dominant roof cost than other concepts. The total roof cost, taking the CRTM as reference, is 9.2 times and 14.8 times higher for HP-RTM and RTM, respectively.
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ARE POOR INDICATORS OF WOOD THRUSH PRODUCTIVITY

Abstract We tested the ability of 29 indices of productivity to predict and track actual productivity of a Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) population for 21 years and to detect year-to-year changes in that productivity. Of 29 indices tested, only the productivity of nests initiated in May showed promise. This index reasonably predicted productivity, correctly tracked two out of three temporal trends in productivity, and detected a significant proportion of year-to-year changes in actual productivity. Although they were not useful for predicting annual productivity, other indices based on nest data tracked trends in productivity moderately well, and all, except percent nest success, detected a significant proportion of year-to-year changes in productivity. Productivity indices based on non-reproductive variables, such as abundance of males or females, return rates, and veteran:novice ratios, did not reflect productivity trends or changes. From these results, we recommend that only an intensive measure of actual productivity or a partial measure of it, such as May productivity, be used to make inferences about annual productivity of a population. Indices based on other nest data should be used only for tracking productivity trends. Non-reproductive indices are unreliable for making any inferences about productivity. Las Variables Demográficas son Malas Indicadoras de la Productividad de Hylocichla mustelina Resumen. Pusimos a prueba la capacidad de 29 índices de productividad para predecir y seguir las variaciones anuales en la productividad real de una población de Hylocichla mustelina por un período de 21 años. De los 29 índices probados, sólo el de la productividad de los nidos iniciados en mayo resultó promisorio. Este índice predijo la productividad razonablemente bien y detectó correctamente dos de tres tendencias temporales en la productividad y una proporción significativa de los cambios anuales en la productividad real. Aunque no fueron útiles para predecir la productividad anual, otros índices basados en datos de nidos siguieron las tendencias en la productividad aceptablemente bien. Con excepción del porcentaje de nidos exitosos, todos estos índices detectaron una proporción significativa de las variaciones anuales de la productividad. Por su parte, los índices de productividad basados en variables no reproductivas como la abundancia de machos y hembras, las tasas de regreso y el cociente de aves veteranas: novatas no reflejaron las tendencias o cambios en la productividad real. Con base en estos resultados recomendamos que para hacer inferencias sobre la productividad anual de una población sólo se utilice una medida intensiva de la productividad, o una medida parcial de ésta (i.e., la productividad en mayo). Los índices basados en otros datos de nidos deben ser utilizados únicamente para monitorear las tendencias en la productividad. Los índices no reproductivos son poco confiables para hacer inferencias sobre la productividad.
Mountain permafrost in the Sølen massif, Central-Eastern Norway – first results

Regional permafrost distribution modeling indicates that the eastern part of southern Norway represents the regional lower permafrost limit of southern Scandinavia. In order to validate this regional pattern, a permafrost mapping study was started in 2001 in the Sølen-Femunden area (62°N, 12°E) covering ground surface temperature measurement using miniature temperature loggers and BTS (bottom temperature of winter snow cover) measurements. This paper introduces the Sølen mountain area and summarises the first results and preliminary interpretations from the BTS survey. The measurements indicate a lower limit of mountain permafrost of about 1050 m a.s. l. Furthermore, there appears to be an aspect dependency, reflecting the more continental macroclimate of the area. The study so far supports the modelled regional pattern in the study area. Permafrost, Phillips, Springman & Arenson (eds) © 2003 Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, ISBN 90 5809 582 7
EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF ACTIVE EDIBLE COATING ON THE SHELF STABILITY OF DAIRY PRODUCTS

Nowadays industries are facing problems against using chemical or synthetic preservatives to enhance the shelf stability of dairy products due to consumer awareness and bad health effects of such additives. Soft cheese and butter are dairy products that are consumed worldwide directly and indirectly in a number of food products due to its therapeutic and nutritional significance. Cheese is very popular in the world due to variety in functionality, flavor, texture and nutritional value. Soft cheese is biologically and biochemically active due to its high level of moisture contents and subsequently undergoes changes in flavor, functionality, loss in moisture, mold growth, texture, and causes oxidation during storage that ultimately causes the deterioration (Fox et al., 2000). Fat is a major constituent in butter that plays a very vital role in flavor, nutritional value, appearance, body/texture and shelf stability. Butter due to its high fat contents is more vulnerable to oxidative deterioration that leads to the reduction of nutritional quality and also makes the food unacceptable for consumers. Oxidation of fats not only deteriorate the quality of soft cheese and butter, causes many human diseases like cardiovascular diseases, membrane damage, cancer and ageing so that antioxidants are added in foods to prevent or delay oxidation (Larick and Parker, 2001). According to Mata et al. (2007), the big problem of the dairy industry is the low storage stability of dairy products due to oxidation reactions such as fungal attack, degradation due to oxidative rancidity and mold growth. At present to prevent these problems synthetic or chemical preservatives are being used. Consumers have become more conscious about the selection of food due to awareness about the use of synthetic or chemical preservatives in the foods due to their toxicity and bad health effects. So natural antimicrobials and antioxidants had attracted great attention due to its harmless health effect to enhance the shelf life; increase food stability and also considered to be an essential part of food. This has become a big challenge for industries to reduce the use of conventional chemical preservatives for the safe end product (Tepe et al., 2005). In this perspective; the demand of edible coating is increasing day by day. Edible coating is a thin layer of material that covers the surface of the food and can be eaten as part of the whole product (Kang et al., 2013). Edible coatings have also gained much attention because of increasing environmental pollution due to synthetic packaging (Andrade et al., 2012). Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 57(1),237-244; 2020 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/20.8182 http://www.pakjas. com.pk
The Population Biology of Mitochondrial DNA and Its Phylogenetic Implications

▪ Abstract The reconstruction of evolutionary trees from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data is a common tool with which to infer the relationships of living organisms. The wide use of mtDNA stems from the ease of getting new sequence data for a set of orthologus genes and from the availability of many existing mtDNA sequences for a wide array of species. In this review we argue that developing a fuller understanding of the biology of mitochondria is essential for the rigorous application of mtDNA to inferences about the evolutionary history of species or populations. Though much progress has been made in understanding the parameters that shape the evolution of mitochondria and mtDNA, many questions still remain, and a better understanding of the role this organelle plays in regulating organismal fitness is becoming increasingly critical for accurate phylogeny reconstruction. In population biology, the limited information content of one nonrecombining genetic marker can compromise evolutionary inference, and t.
Representing and Classifying User Reviews

A large number of user reviews in the internet contains valuable information on services and products; for this reason, there is interest in automatically understanding such reviews. Sentiment Classiﬁcation labels documents according to the feelings they express; instead of classifying a document into topics (sports, economics, etc), one attempts to tag the document according to overall feelings. Compared to the accuracy of traditional text categorization methods, sentiment classiﬁers have shown poor performance. We argue that such bad results are due to an improper representation of reviews. We describe a weakly supervised method that converts raw text into an appropriate representation, and show how techniques from information retrieval can acquire labeled data and process data using Markov logic. We report results on sentence clas-siﬁcation and rating prediction that support our claims.
AC 2012-3211: FRAMEWORK TO ADDRESS ETHICAL ISSUES IN MULTIPLE- AUTHORED AND MENTOR-SUPERVISED ENGINEERING PUBLICA- TIONS

AUTHORED AND MENTOR-SUPERVISED ENGINEERING PUBLICATIONS Dr. Islam H. El-adaway, Mississippi State University Islam H. El-adaway is Assistant Professor, civil and environmental engineering, Mississippi State University, 501 Hardy Road, 235C Walker Engineering Building, P.O Box 9546, Mississippi State, MS 39762. Email: eladaway@cee.msstate. edu. Dr. Marianne M. Jennings, Arizona State University Marianne M. Jennings is professor, legal and ethical studies, Department of Management, Arizona State University, Main Campus, P.O. Box 874006, Tempe, AZ 85287. Email: marianne.jennings@asu.edu.
Effect of speed and impact angle on solid particle erosion of vanadium carbide coatings produced by thermo-reactive diffusion technique

This paper presents research of the solid particle erosion of conventionally and duplex treated vanadium carbide (VC) coatings produced on the C45E steel substrate by the thermo-reactive diffusion (TRD) technique. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to evaluate the effect of moving speed and impact angle as input variables on the erosive wear mass loss as the response. It was established that moving speed of the samples and the impact angle of the abrasive particles are statistically significant factors, while their interaction does not have significant effect on the wear process. The mathematical model of the investigated wear process was derived as well.
A survey of water use efficiency on irrigated dairy farms in northern Victoria

Water use efficiency (WUE) in irrigated dairy systems has been defined, in this paper, as the amount of milk (kg milk fat plus protein) produced from pasture per megalitre of water (irrigation plus effective rainfall). A farm survey was conducted for the 1997–98 and 1998–99 seasons in the Goulburn Irrigation System (GIS) and Murray Irrigation System (MIS) when the irrigation water allocated to irrigators in the GIS was low (100–120% of water right compared with the MIS which was 130 and 200% of water right). These data were analysed in conjunction with information collected on the same farms in the 1994–95 and 1995–96 seasons when the irrigation water allocated to irrigators in both systems was above 150% of water right (Armstrong et al. 1998, 2000). The aim of the survey was to determine if the management decisions made by dairy farmers in seasons of low irrigation water allocations had an impact on WUE. Milk production averaged across the 2 irrigation systems increased significantly over the 5-year period (57 540–75 040 kg milk fat + protein per farm). Over the same period the amount of irrigation water applied (GIS 7.6 ML/ha, MIS 9.2 ML/ha) and the milking area (GIS 72 ha, MIS 73 ha) remained constant. The amount of concentrates fed per cow (GIS 650–1100 kg DM, MIS 480–860 kg DM) and per farm (GIS 119–228 t DM, MIS 72–157 t DM) increased, but pasture consumption (GIS 8.9–9.5 t DM/ha, MIS 9.1–9.7 t DM/ha) did not increase significantly over the survey period. Therefore, the increase in milk production appeared to come primarily from an increase in supplementary feeding rather than an increase in pasture consumption, resulting in no significant change in WUE in either system (GIS 66 kg milk fat + protein/ML, MIS 61 kg milk fat + protein/ML). The survey results indicate that despite varying water allocations in the 2 major irrigation systems in northern Victoria, milk production on farms in both systems increased while changes in WUE could not be detected by the methods used. This suggests tactical options to increase WUE in response to short-term changes in water allocation were either difficult to implement or not a priority in a business sense.
The Effect of Coffee and Caffeine on Mood, Sleep, and Health-Related Quality of Life

Objective: The study sought to measure the effects of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee on affective mood, sleep, and health-related quality of life (HRQL). Methods: Forty-nine healthy participants between the ages of 18 and 45 took part in a randomized, doubleblind, longitudinal study with decaffeinated coffee as the control. The participants began with a 5-day washout period, followed by a 5-day treatment phase, and concluded with a 5-day washout phase. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of covariance and ordinary least-squares mediational analysis. Results: The caffeinated coffee treatment group showed significant direct effects on sleep, anxiety, and stress-based domains of HRQL. In addition, mediational analysis showed that the more global domains of HRQL were affected indirectly through reduced sleep quality/quantity and through increases in anxiety. No significant changes were noted in the decaffeinated treatment group. Conclusions: Given the strong effect of caffeine on sleep and anxiety, as well as the indirect effect on HRQL in this study, it might be beneficial for individuals with stress responsive illnesses to refrain from high doses of caffeine. Further studies should examine the effects of caffeine in individuals with various stress-related illnesses. The results of caffeine on depression are contrary to previous studies, and further evaluations should examine variations of effects based on dosages and different populations (major depression diagnoses as well as healthy populations).
Reduced Margin Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers

Purpose Our study reports the clinical outcomes of patients treated with 5-mm isotropic margin, fiducial-guided stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We also sought to assess the effect of histological subtype on local control. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients treated with SBRT for NSCLC between 2007 and 2017 at our institution. All patients who had implanted fiducial markers, planning target volume (PTV) margins of 5 mm or less, early stage disease (T1-T2, N0), and at least one follow-up CT were included in this analysis. Estimates of local control were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences between survival curves were assessed using the log-rank test. Results A total of 152 patients met the inclusion criteria for this analysis, with a median follow-up of 27.9 months. Patients received 54 Gy in three fractions for peripheral tumors and 48-52.5 Gy in four to five fractions for central tumors. NSCLC histology was adenocarcinoma in 69 (45.4%) cases, squamous cell carcinoma in 65 (42.8%) cases, and other or non-subtyped in 18 (11.8%) cases. Across the entire cohort, the two-year estimate of local control was 95.1%. When histology was considered, the two-year estimate of local control among patients with adenocarcinoma was 95.6% as compared with 85.0% for patients with other subtypes (p=0.044). Conclusions Fiducial-guided, isotropic 5-mm PTV margin for thoracic SBRT did not compromise local control compared with historical standards. In this series, patients with adenocarcinoma experienced improved local control compared with squamous cell carcinoma.
Plasmon excitations in chemically heterogeneous nanoarrays

The capability of collective excitations, such as localized surface plasmon resonances, to produce a versatile spectrum of optical phenomena is governed by the interactions within the collective and single-particle responses in the finite system. In many practical instances, plasmonic metallic nanoparticles and arrays are either topologically or chemically heterogeneous, which affects both the constituent transitions and their interactions. Here, the formation of collective excitations in weakly Cu- and Pd-doped Au nanoarrays is described using time-dependent density functional theory. The additional impurity-induced modes in the optical response can be thought to result from intricate interactions between separated excitations or transitions. We investigate the heterogeneity at the impurity level, the symmetry aspects related to the impurity position, and the influence of the impurity position on the confinement phenomena. The chemically rich and symmetry-dependent quantum mechanical effects are analyzed with transition contribution maps demonstrating the possibility to develop nanostructures with more controlled collective properties.
GENETICS OF OKRA LEAF AND AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN UPLAND COTTON

Genus, Gossypium consists of approximately 50 species (old and new world) among which six are tetraploid (2n= 52) and the others are diploid with chromosome number 26 (Brubaker et al., 1999). Cotton plant has succulent leaves, bearing a lot of flowers, fruits, nectaries on leaves and on flower bracts so it attracts both beneficial as well as damaging insects (Gaines, 1957). Cotton (G. hirsutum) has two major leaf shapes, normal and okra. Okra leaf type cotton is mutant characterized by palmately lobed leaves resulting into open canopy. Okra leaf cotton has been found resistant to insect pests compared to normal leaf cotton (Chu et al., 2000; Soomro et al., 2000; Ahmad et al., 2005; Din et al., 2016). A number of studies on genetics of agronomic traits in cotton have been reported. Generation means analysis is commonly used to study genetic basis of variation by analyzing segregating population. The analysis detects additive, dominance, additive×additive, additive×domminace and dominance×dominance interaction. El-Haleem et al. (2010) studied seven Egyptian cotton cultivars. They used six generations for six parameter model scaling test. They found dominance gene action for plant height and number of bolls per plant. Natera et al. (2012) reported moderate heritability estimates for plant height. Ali et al. (2016) reported epistasis gene action for number of seeds/boll, boll weight, seed index, lint mass/boll and surface area/seed. Kumar et al. (2016) reported that bolls per plant was controlled by dominance gene action while boll weight was controlled by additive gene action. Hussain et al. (2017) studied gene action of different fiber traits in cotton. They found that fiber traits had additive type of gene action. Kamaran et al. (2018) studied six generations of two crosses of cotton (TARZAN-1× CIM-602 and A-555×FH-114). They observed additive and dominance gene action for fiber uniformity, fiber fineness, fiber length and fiber maturity. However, only a few studies are conducted in okra leaf genetic background. Cotton breeders have perception that okra leaf trait is linked with relatively inferior agronomic traits so okra leaf cotton has lower yield hence they do not introduce okra leaf trait in cotton cultivars. Correlation studies reveals strength and direction of relationship among different traits which help plant breeder to select plants with better combination of traits. Calculating correlation in F2 population reveals linkage of the traits (Cramer and Wehner, 2000). Present study was designed to understand the genetics of okra leaf trait, its effect on agronomic traits and genetics of agronomic trait in okra leaf genetic background. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 57(1), 109-114;2020 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/20.8407 http://www.pakjas. com.pk
Women’s Participation in Selecting Spouse and Fertility Preferences in India

Marriage is a socially essential and vital event in the life of a person. Though the person itself decides the partner in the developed world; with increasing modernization and urbanization, the pattern of marriage is also changing in developing countries from arranged to self-selection mate. This study examines women’s participation in the selection of spouse and fertility preference in India. The present study has utilized the data from the India Human Development Survey (2011-2012). The bivariate and binary logistic method have been performed to examine the participation in decision making of marriage and fertility preference. This study found that one-sixth of women have made participation in selecting their partner, and most of such women have two children but prefer to have one boy and one girl child to complete the family. While those women who did not participate in partner’s selection, have three or more children and desired to have an additional child. This study provides enough evidence to show that choosing a partner may influence fertility behaviour.
Revision of the genera of the subfamily Microtypinae (Hymenoptera : Braconidae)

The genera of the subfamily Microtypinae are revised and two new genera are described and illustrated. Plesiotypus gen. nov. (type species: P. depressus spec. nov.) from India and Neomicrotypus gen. nov. (type species: N. penai spec, nov.) from Chile. Keys to the genera of Microtypinae and to the species of Plesiotypus are added. Plesiotypus fullawayi (Beardsley, 1961) is a new combination.
Effects of Taxes on Banking

This paper evaluates the macroeconomic effects of taxes on banking in a small open economy in a currency union for three tax alternatives: an additional tax on profits, on deposits, and on loans. We propose a DSGE model with a rich detail of taxes and a banking sector and show that these three taxes are equivalent in their effects on macroeconomic variables. Banks react to higher taxes by increasing their markups and by transferring part of the fiscal cost to households and firms through higher interest rates on loans. The increase in government revenues comes at a cost of a long-run decrease of GDP, an increase in loans interest rates, and a reduction in the volume of credit, deposits and bank capital. Our simulation exercises show that the trade-off between government revenues and economic activity is well captured by an elasticity of GDP to ex post government revenue close to -0.9, which is virtually independent of the tax rate.