Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antiarthritic and antinociceptive potential of ethanolic extract from leaves of Doliocarpus dentatus (aubl.) standl. in mouse model

Objectives: The folk use of Doliocarpus dentatus for pain and inflammatory conditions led our group to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antiarthritic effects of its ethanol extract from the leaves (EEDd) on mouse models. Results: Oral treatments with EEDd (100–300 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the formalin-induced nociceptive and cold sensitivity, prevented acetic acid-induced nociceptive behavior, and prevented articular inflammation (including knee edema, leukocyte infiltration, and mechanical hyperalgesia) induced by zymosan. In the peritonitis model, betulinic acid (BA, 0.3–30 mg/kg) and EEDd (300 mg/kg) significantly inhibited zymosan-induced leukocyte infiltration. In the complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) model, oral treatments with EEDd (100–300 mg/kg) for 21 days significantly inhibited mechanical hyperalgesia, cold response, and edema. In the MTT viability assay, EEDd (3–90 μg/mL) did not induce leukocytes cytotoxicity. cytotoxicity. Most models employed male and female Swiss mice or, for the CFA test, C57BL/6 mice. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that EEDd exhibited antinociceptive, antihyperalgesic, and antiarthritic potential in mice and BA contribute for the EEDd observed activities.
Survival and Prognostic Factors of HIV-positive Patients after Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation at a Malaysian Referral Hospital

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and significantly improved survival rates, but there is lack of such survival data from Malaysia. Objective: The objective was to determine the survival rates and prognostic factors of survival in HIV-infected adults treated with ART in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study considered all HIV-positive adult patients registered in Sungai Buloh Hospital, a major referral center in Malaysia, between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2016. Then, patients were selected through a systematic sampling method. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were extracted from electronic medical records. Person–years at risk and incidence of mortality rate per 100 person–years were calculated. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve and log-rank test were used to compare the overall survival rates. Cox proportional hazards regression was applied to determine the prognostic factors for survival. Results: A total of 339 patients were included. The estimated overall survival rates were 93.8%, 90.4%, 84.9%, and 72.8% at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively, from ART initiation. The results of multiple Cox proportional hazard regression indicated that anemic patients were at a 3.76 times higher risk of mortality (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.97–7.18; P < 0.001). The hazard risk was 2.09 times higher for HIV patients co-infected with tuberculosis (95% CI: 1.10, 3.96; P = 0.024). Conclusion: The overall survival rates among HIV-infected adults in this study are higher than that from low-income countries but lower than that from high-income countries. Low baseline hemoglobin levels of <11 g/dL and tuberculosis co-infection were strong prognostic factors for survival.
Prediction of element transfer in submerged arc welding

The transfer of elements across the molten weld pool has been predicted by developing quadratic models in terms of flux ingredients with the application of statistical experiments for mixture design. Bead-on-plate weld deposits were made at fixed welding parameters using submerged are welding fluxes prepared as per extreme vertices algorithm of mixture experiments in a CaO-MgO-Caf 2 -Al 2 O; flux system. The results show that some of the individual flux ingredients and their binary mixtures have a predominant effect on weld metal transfer of oxygen, manganese, silicon, and carbon contents. The analysis of experimental data also indicates that transfer of oxygen is affected by several properties of flux ingredients such as oxygen potential, thermodynamic stahility, and viscosity. In the element transfer of silicon, both thermochemical and electrochemical reaction mechanisms operate simultaneously. Transfer of manganese is principally related to the weld metal oxygen contents as well as electrochemical reaction in the molten weld pool. The transfer of carbon was generally governed by the oxidation reaction. Iso-response contour plots were also developed to quantify the transfer of elements against different flux compositions.
Vitamin D and Cerebrovascular Disease

130 edItorIal commentary Vitamin D [25‐Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D)], is a secosteroid provitamin obtained by dermal synthesis following exposure to sun and through oral consumption from food and supplements. Though initially related to bone and mineral homeostasis, a diversified range of physiological roles of 25(OH) D has been documented over the years. Concurrently, a vast array of >100 human diseases have been linked to low circulating concentrations of 25(OH) D. [1] The intriguing but worrisome estimates of more than a half of global population with inadequate vitamin D status, suggest a vast potential for vitamin D‐based interventions targeted at the prevention, and management of these diseases. [2]
Rhaponticin contained Rheum officinale root extract improved Postmenopause symptom of Ovariectomized Rat

Postmenopausal women have decreased levels of the hormone estrogen. Reduced estrogen levels will often involve many symptoms that reduced quality of life. This research aims to analyze the effects of Rheum officinale root extract on postmenopausal model rats. To this end, thirty rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) surgery and six rats were operated without having their ovaries removed. The OVX was confirmed by body weight–uterus weight ratio and a vaginal swab. Six groups of the rats were performed: SHAM group and negative control groups are given vehicle; the positive control was assigned tamoxifen; and the extract has been given three doses 7, 35, and 175 mg/200 g BW, respectively, for 30 days. The calcium content of bone ash was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Blood pressure was evaluated using CODA®, and the metabolites in the blood were assessed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography. As a result, using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS, we found that the extract's major component was rhaponticin and its metabolites. The bone calcium levels increased with increasing doses of the extract. In the OVX group, the bone calcium content was decreased significantly 51.56% ± 8.9% g compared with the SHAM group 62.97% ±5.6% g, and the administration of Rheum extract could restore the calcium content of the bone to become 69.27% ± 3.8% g. From the above data, we concluded that Rheum root extracts contain astrigin, rhaponticin, rhapontigenin, and desoxyrhaponticin. Rheum root extract could improve calcium content and lipid profiles of OVX rats by stimulation osteoblastogenesis. Rheum root extracts could control the blood pressure of OVX rats by reducing lipid profiles.
Chapter 02272-Microbial Biodiversityâ ̃†

Re Glossary Archaea One of the two entirely microbial domains of single-celled organisms, evolutionarily distinct from bacteria. Many archaeal characteristics are more similar to eukaryotes than bacteria. Bacteria An entirely microbial domain of single-celled organisms, evolutionarily distinct from Archaea. Eukarya A primarily microbial domain of organisms having a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other organelles; includes animals, plants, fungi, and protists. Fungi Nonphototrophic, heterotrophic eukaryotic microorganisms that contain rigid cell walls; includes mushrooms, molds, and the fungal part of lichens. Metagenomics The genomic analysis of microorganisms by direct extraction and cloning of community
Birth Order, Sibling Sex Composition, and Quantity–Quality Trade-offs – Evidence from India

We use two waves of data from the India Human Development Survey to investigate the effect of family size on (i) parental expenditures on children’s education; and (ii) test scores of proficiency in reading, writing, and maths for 8– 11-year-old children. We investigate whether these effects vary by gender, birth order of children, and sibling sex composition. We address the endogeneity of family size, using an instrumental variable approach. Our ordinary least squares estimates provide evidence of quantity–quality trade-offs in children’s educational expenditures, the existence of birth-order effects, and a sizeable pro-son bias. For test scores as well, ordinary least squares estimates indicate negative spillovers from additional children. The instrumental variable estimates, in contrast, find no evidence of quantity–quality trade-offs, birth order, or sibling sex composition effects in either expenditures or test scores. However, instrumental variable estimates of the male premium are bigger than ordinary least squares estimates. They also suggest that children enrolled in private schools do no better than those in government schools. Moreover, the advantage that boys appear to have over girls in maths is largely reversed in private schools.
Measuring intellectual impairment in adults. A comparison between WAIS-IV and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

The aim of the study was to compare the cognitive performances of adults with intellectual disability in two tests different in purposes, format, length, and ease of use: WAIS-IV battery for measuring full and factorial IQs, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) used for the evaluation of cognitive deterioration. The two tests were administered to a sample composed of 40 adults, 27 males and 13 females, diagnosed with Mild or Moderate Intellectual Disability (age range 16-64 years, mean age 35.70). No gender differences were detected. Results show that both the total IQ and the WAIS-IV factors are significantly correlated with MoCA score, except the Processing Speed. Verbal Comprehension is the best predictor of the impairment measured by MoCA. This result is confirmed by Multidimensional Scaling. Among the single WAIS-IV subscores only Puzzle and Cancellation show small correlations with MoCA score. The memory functions assessed by MoCA result different from those of WAIS Working memory, factor more close to the MoCA visuo-spatial subdomain. 1 Department of Education, University of Catania, Italy. E-mail: s.dinuovo@unict.it. 2 Department of Education, University of Catania and Performat, Italy. E-mail: a.angelica@performat.it. 3 Department of Education, University of Catania and O.R. T.U. S, Italy. Foundation. E-mail: giulia.santoro@fondazioneortus.org. Correspondence to: Santo Di Nuovo, Via Biblioteca, 4 95124, Catania. Received: April 15, 2018; Revised: December 05, 2018; Accepted: December 16, 2018 © 2018 Associazione Oasi Maria SS. IRCCS Life Span and Disability Di Nuovo S. et al. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 166 Some implications for the assessment of the cognitive impairment in adults with Intellectual disability are underlined.
Mental Stress Detection via Heart Rate Variability using Machine Learning

Mental stress is an undesirable condition for everyone. Increased stress can cause many problems, such as depression, heart attacks, and strokes. Psychophysiological conditions possible use as a reference to a person’s mental state of stress. The development of mobile device technology, along with the accompanying sensors, can be used to measure the psychophysiological condition of its users. Heart rate allows measured from the photoplethysmography signal utilizing a smartphone or smartwatch. The heart rate variability is currently one of the most studied methods for assessing mental stress. Our objective is to analyze stress levels on the subjects when performing tasks on the smartphone. This study involved 41 students as respondents. Their heart rate was recorded using a smartphone while they were doing the n-back tasks. The n-back task is one of the performance tasks used to measure working memory and working memory capacity. In this study, the n-back task was also used as a stressor. The heart rate dataset and n-back task results are then processed and analyzed using machine learning to determine stress levels. Compared with three other algorithms (neural network, discriminant analysis, and naïve Bayes), the k-nearest neighbor algorithm is most appropriate to use in the classification of time and frequency domain analysis.
Synthesis, Characterization and Heat of Formation of the Amorphous and Crystalline Forms of TcO2

Samples of crystalline and amorphous technetium(IV) oxide were synthesized and their structures characterized using X-ray powder diffraction and various chemical methods. Synthesis and characterization of the crystalline product was straightforward; however, the stoichiometry of the amorphous solid could not be determined unambiguously. Enthalpy of solution measurements for the dissolution of these solids in acidic Ce(IV) solutions were also determined. The value for the crystalline product was used to calculate °(Tc02(cr), 298.15 K) = ( 4 5 8 ±6) k j · mol '. This value, along with an estimate of the S°(Tc02(cr), 298.15 K) yielded an estimate of the J ,G 0 (Tc0 2 ( c r ) , 298.15 K) (404 ± 8 ) k j · mol '. This value indicates crystalline technetium(IV) oxide is more stable than previously estimated.
Validity and Reliability of Parental Health Literacy Activities Test

Background: The studies have reported that there is a correlati on between health literacy levels of adults and health outcomes of children Aim: The study was conducted to analyze the validity and reliability of the Parental Health Literacy Activi ties Test (PHLAT-8) in Turkish society. Methodology: The sample included randomly selected 146 parents , and the data were collected between December 2014 and January 2015. Kendall W Analysis, Kuder-Richardson Formula 20, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate these data. Results: The internal consistency of the Parental Health L i eracy Activities Test (PHLAT-8) was measured with Kuder-Richardson Formula 20, and the alpha value wa s KR-20=0.68. The difference between the mean score of the parents in the lower group and upper group was statistically significant (U=4.500, p=0.000). Conclusions: The Parental Health Literacy Activities Test (PHL AT-8) is a valid and reliable test that can be used in Turkish society. The test can be used to pr ovide an objective standard for future studies.
A dual-inheritance based social-cognitive model of theism declaration (Um modelo social-cognitivo da declaração de teísmo baseado na dupla-herança) Mestrado

Portuguese and English) . 8 Introduction . 10 CREDs: A Dual-Inheritance Addition to the Cognitive Modeling of Theism . 12 Formalizing a CREDs Based Social-Cognitive Model of Theism Declaration . 16 Study 1: Initial Test of the Social-Cognitive Model of Theism Declaration. 19 Method . 20 Results . 24 Discussion . 29 Study 2: Convergent Validity of the Social-Cognitive Model . 32 Method . 33 Results . 35 Discussion . 39 Study 3: Experimental Test of the Social-Cognitive Model. 41 Method . 42 Results . 44 Discussion . 48 General discussion . 51 References . 54 Appendices . 63
Globalization and socio-economic development in post-transition European Union countries: panel causality and regression analyses

The consequences of globalization on economic growth and development have largely been debated both by scholars and policy makers. However, literature lacks a multidimensional analysis of the relationship between of all forms of globalization and the development of a country. Therefore, the purpose of the present paper is to investigate the impact of various globalization types on socio-economic development in eleven European Union (EU) states that faced the transition from a centralized to a market economy, during the period 1993-2016, with the help of Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) causality test, Beck and Katz (1995) PCSE estimator and pooled OLS regression, considering the results of pre-tests. The empirical research revealed that economic, political and cultural globalization positively influences the socioeconomic development of all the analysed states. These findings may offer valuable information for the policy makers of the eleven economies which could enhance the development in a globalized era.
Percutaneous injection of ethanol for thyroid nodule treatment: a comparative study

ABSTRACT Objective: Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) is an alternative to surgery for the treatment of thyroid nodules (TNs). However, size reductions of treated (TTNs) and untreated TN (UTNs) have not been compared. Volumetric reductions in TTNs with PEI were evaluated by comparing TTNs and UTNs in the same patient, and independent variables predicting good post-PEI outcomes were analyzed. Materials and methods: Overall, 282 patients with multinodular goiters were selected. Two nodules located in different lobes were compared for common disease behaviors. Overall, 150 nodules were selected from 75 patients (6 M: 69 F) with a mean age of 50.1 ± 17.4 years. This prospective nonrandomized intervention study prioritized treating TNs of greater volume or single hyperfunctioning TNs. A single observer experienced in PEI and an ultrasound specialist performed the interventions. Results and discussion: TTNs (mean volume: 14.8 ± 16.2 mL) were reduced by 72.6 ± 27.3% of their initial volume, while UTNs increased by a mean of 365.7 ± 1.403. 8% (p < 0.00001). The patients underwent a mean of 4.0 ± 3.1 outpatient PEI sessions without relevant complications. Logistic regression analysis showed that the magnitude of the PEI induced reduction was associated with the number of treatment sessions (p = 0.03, CI [1.1-38.2]) and not with ultrasonographic characteristics of the nodules. Each PEI session increased the rate of TN reduction by a factor of 6.7. Conclusions: PEI is a well-tolerated outpatient procedure that effectively reduces the volume of TNs and is noticeably superior to conservative treatment for all ultrasonographic classifications.
The Relationship between Adolescents' Level of Aggr ession and their Participation in Social Activities

Background: Depending on the increasing physical strength in ad olescence and the environmental conditions of the adolescent, the frequency of enjoying violence and acting aggressively increases. Aim: This research was done in order to determine the re lationship between the adolescents’ participation i n social activities and their levels of aggression. Material: The universe of this descriptive research consists of 1049 students studying in the final grade of 4 high schools selected from 11 general high schools connected to the Directorate of National Education in Elazıg city center. Methods: The data of the research were collected by using P ersonal Information Form, Aggression Scale and Social Functionality Scale. The data were collected by applying face-to-face interview technique and t his study was conducted between 2011 and 2012 as descriptive study. Results: It’s been determined that average score of the part icipa ion in social activities of adolescents have be n determined as 22.85±11.67, and their average score for recreational activities are 18.02 ± 7.08. It’s been determined that the 45.3% of the adolescents in the s udy are aggressive. It’s also been determined th at as aggression increases in adolescents, their level of participation in social activities also increases. Conclusion:: To reduce adolescents' aggression levels, consulti g services can be provided for them and their
THE 2000 CANADIAN PEREGRINE FALCON SURVEY

ABSTR•CT. --National surveys for Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) have been conducted in Canada every five years since 1970. This paper discusses the results of the seventh such survey. In 2000, 22 areas in nine provinces and three territories were searched for three peregrine subspecies. Within the continental E p. anatum range, 374 sites were occupied by territorial peregrines. As in previous surveys, the majority of anatum sites were located in the western boreal ecoregion. However, numbers are increasing in populations south of 58øN. The number of E p. tundrius in 2000 was similar to previous surveys at Rankin Inlet, Nunavut and Tuktut Nogait National Park, Northwest Territories. Nine sites occupied on the North Slope of the Yukon Territory is a slight increase in this tundrius ubgroup. Coastal E p. pealei, on the Queen Charlotte Islands appear to have been stable for at least the past two decades. Pealei numbers on the north shore of Vancouver Island and the surrounding area were substantially higher in 2000--largely the result of a more extensive search effort. Reproductive output in 2000 was 1.0 or more young/territorial pair, except in the anatum subpopulations of northern Alberta and the Peel River, Yukon Territory where it was 0.7 and 0.6 young/territorial pair, respectively. Overall, with stable populations in the north and growing populations in the south, the peregrine recovery is well underway and in some areas, approaching historical size and probably ecological carrying capacity.
Industry competition and firm innovation: Evidence from China

Using a panel of 291,241 Chinese firms from 1998 to 2007, this study investigates the extent to which industry competition affects firms’ innovation activities in China. We find that firmlevel innovation is negatively related to industry competition. The negative relation is stronger in higher external finance dependence (EFD) industries. Further evidence shows that the enhanced negative effect in higher EFD industries is more pronounced for financially constrained firms than financially healthier counterparts. Specifically, competition represents a more inhibiting effect on innovation activities in higher EFD industries for private firms, small firms, young firms, firms with low capacity to pay interest, firms without political affiliation, firms without state shares, firms with high growth opportunities, and firms located in central and western regions. Our results are robust to the use of various specifications and estimation methods. JEL classification: D40; G31; L13; O16; O31; O53
An analytical approach on the tribological behaviour of pocketed slider bearings with boundary slip including cavitation

Slider bearing performance depends on the boundary conditions at the interface between the solid surfaces and the fluid. This paper presents the combined effect of pockets and boundary slip on the load support and friction of parallel sliding systems using analytical solutions for a simple pocketed bearing. The effect of cavitation was of particular interest with respect to the inlet suction mechanism. It was demonstrated that applying boundary slip in a pocketed slider bearing gives a reduction in load support compared with the textured bearing without wall slip. Adding slip over the whole surface could retard the presence of cavitation. The influence of boundary slip is explored, and was found to significantly affect the frictional behaviour. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.