Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A nomogram to predict metastasis of soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities

Abstract Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the extremities are a rare tumor. Metastases develop in about 40%-50% of patients, most of whom die from their disease. We sought to identify potential risk factors associated with metastatic diseases upon presentation for patients with STS and established a reliable nomogram model to predict distant metastasis of STS at presentation. The current study retrospectively analyzed 3884 STS of the extremities or trunk patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2015. Based on patient registration, all patients were randomly allocated to training sets and validation sets (2:1). Then, univariate and binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the significantly correlated predictors of metastasis. Finally, the nomogram model was established, using these predictors and validated it. 311 (8.21%) of the cases experienced distant metastatic disease was present at the time of presentation. The nomogram was developed from age, histology subtype, primary site, tumor size, grade and depth. Encouragingly, the nomogram showed favorable calibration with C-index 0.790 in the training set and 0.801 in validation set. The DCA showed that the novel model was clinically useful. This nomogram model had a high precision to predict the metastasis of soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities. We expect this model could be used in different clinical consultation and established risk assessment.
Diet and seed dispersal by Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus) in a forest fragment in Paraná (Carnivora, Canidae)

Embora o cachorro-do-mato, Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1706), seja um Canidae relativamente comum, nao ha muita informacao sobre sua dieta e seu papel como dispersor de sementes nos diferentes habitats onde ocorre. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de reportar a dieta de C. thous e sua importância como dispersor e/ou predador de sementes, e ainda testar a taxa de germinacao de sementes apos passar pelo trato digestorio do animal. O estudo foi realizado em um fragmento (680 ha) de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, o Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy, localizado na cidade de Londrina, Parana, sul do Brasil. A metodologia consistiu de coletas de fezes de C. thous, as quais foram analisadas em laboratorio para identificar os itens consumidos. Nos testes de germinacao, as sementes foram dispostas para germinar em placas de Petri com algodao umedecido em agua. Noventa e tres amostras fecais com 219 itens de origem vegetal e animal foram registradas, sendo 36,52% contendo restos de pequenos roedores, 24,19% de gramineas, 13,24% de aves, 10,47% de insetos, 6,39% de Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassm. , 4,6% de outros itens de origem animal e 4,54% de outros itens de origem vegetal. Ainda, C. thous dispersou nove especies de plantas, com relevante importância para a germinacao de algumas sementes que passaram pelo trato digestorio do animal, exceto para S. romanzoffiana, cujas sementes nao germinaram nas condicoes de laboratorio. Conclui-se que, C. thous apresentou uma dieta generalista e oportunista, sobrevivendo em areas degradadas e antropicas, e agindo como dispersor de sementes nestes locais.
Effect of Changes in Streamflow on the Microhabitat Use and Movements of Sympatric Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Chinook Salmon (O. tshawytscha) in a Natural Stream

The microhabitats at positions selected by juvenile coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) following a change in streamflow differed from microhabitats occupied at normal streamflows. At drought streamflow (37% mean seasonal streamflow (MSF)), juvenile coho salmon selected slower, darker, and higher sites above the streambed (P < 0.05) than sites selected at normal (75% MSF) or flood (159% MSF) flows. Juvenile chinook salmon microhabitat use changed similarly with changes in streamflow, but the differences were not significant. Up to one fifth of the fish chose positions with faster water velocities than those available either 30 cm above or 30 cm lateral to them. These fish chose positions inconsistent with the hypothesis of optimal position selection based on maximizing net energy gain. On average, fish moved 6.8 m following a change in streamflow. Juvenile coho salmon generally moved upstream in response to decreasing streamflows and downstream in response to increasing streamf.
A molecular phylogeny of the subtribe Pterostylidinae (Orchidaceae): resolving the taxonomic confusion

In the past decade, two major classification schemes of the subtribe Pterostylidinae have resulted in taxonomic confusion because a single well known genus was split into a large number of new genera and subgenera, many of which are difficult to discriminate accurately. These classifications have not been accepted widely among systematists because of poor phylogenetic support for several genera. Analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear rDNA in a large number of species and samples facilitate further clarification of the relationships within the Pterostylidinae. The phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using parsimony and Bayesian methods. These phylogenetic trees indicate that subtribe Pterostylidinae is monophyletic, and support the concept of a single genus, Pterostylis R.Br. sensu lato within the Pterostylidinae. Two clades representing subgenera correlate with the morphology of the lateral sepals, whereas several of the previously erected genera consistently have poor support. The proposed subgenera are divided further into 10 sections. Several closely related taxa with identical ITS sequences require further scrutiny by population-level molecular techniques to determine their taxonomic status.
Diurnal Regulation of Peripheral Glucose Metabolism: Potential Effects of Exercise Timing

Diurnal oscillations in energy metabolism are linked to the activity of biological clocks and contribute to whole‐body glucose homeostasis. Postprandially, skeletal muscle takes up approximately 80% of circulatory glucose and hence is a key organ in maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Dysregulation of molecular clock components in skeletal muscle disrupts whole‐body glucose homeostasis. Next to light‐dark cycles, nonphotic cues such as nutrient intake and physical activity are also potent cues to (re)set (dys)regulated clocks. Physical exercise is one of the most potent ways to improve myocellular insulin sensitivity. Given the role of the biological clock in glucose homeostasis and the power of exercise to improve insulin sensitivity, one can hypothesize that there might be an optimal time for exercise to maximally improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. In this review, we aim to summarize the available information related to the interaction of diurnal rhythm, glucose homeostasis, and physical exercise as a nonphotic cue to correct dysregulation of human glucose metabolism.
Lower Cardiovascular Stress during Resistance Training Performed with Inter-Repetition Rests in Elderly Coronary Patients

Background and Objectives: Hemodynamic stress during resistance training is often a reason why this training method is not used in cardiac patients. A lifting protocol that imposes rests between repetitions (IRRT) may provide less hemodynamic stress compared to traditional resistance training (TT). The aim of this study was to verify differences between set configurations on hemodynamic stress responses in resistance training. Materials and Methods: We compared hemodynamic (heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and rate pressure product (RPP)) responses assessed with the auscultatory method in elderly (age = 75.3 ± 7.3 years) coronary male patients who were participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program allocated to either TT or IRRT with the same load (kg) and total number of repetitions (24) in the bilateral leg extension exercise. Results: IRRT resulted in significant lower values than TT for RPP at repetitions 8 (p = 0.024; G = 0.329; 95% CI: 0.061, 0.598) and 16 (p = 0.014; G = 0.483; 95% CI: 0.112, 0.854). Conclusions: IRRT appears to be a viable method of reducing the hemodynamic response (i.e., RPP) to resistance training and, thus, may contribute to the safety of cardiac rehabilitation programs. Further studies with more cardiac patients and other measurement techniques should be conducted to confirm these important findings.
Alanyl turnover from lipoteichoic acid to teichoic acid in Staphylococcus aureus

The metabolism of d-alanyl substituents of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and teichoic acid was studied in Staphylococcus aureus. Double labelling with [3H]glycerol and d-[14C]alanine revealed that during the chase LTA was stable whereas its 14C label rapidly decreased. Half-time comparison indicated an enzyme- rather than a base-catalyzed process. Correlated with the loss of [14C]alanine from LTA was an increase of the radioactivity in wall-linked alanine ester which, after hydrolysis with HF, proved to be linked to teichoic acid. These results suggest that LTA-alanine is the donor for alanine esterification of teichoic acid. In connection with previous data we hypothesize that the loss of alanine from LTA is compensated by de novo incorporation.
Analysis of virulence and immunogenic factors in Aeromonas hydrophila: Towards the development of live vaccines.

Aeromonas hydrophila, a bacterium that is widespread in aquatic environments, is responsible for causing haemorrhagic disease in both aquatic and terrestrial species. With the purpose of developing a live vaccine, herein we have investigated nine strains of A. hydrophila (Ah-01 to Ah-09) isolated from diseased fish. A study of virulence factors that contribute to pathogenicity and immunogenicity in the host Cyprinus carpio suggests that the presence of β-hly, act and fla genes contribute to pathogenesis: strains Ah-01, Ah-02 and Ah-03 (β-hly+ /act+ /fla+ genotype) were highly pathogenic to C. carpio, whereas Ah-05 and Ah-06 (β-hly- /act- /fla- genotype) showed weak pathogenicity. Accordingly, Ah-02 and Ah-03 were selected to prepare inactivated vaccines, whereas Ah-05 and Ah-06 were chosen as live vaccines. Ah-06 live vaccine was found to have the best protective efficacy, with a protective rate of about 85%, whereas rates of other vaccines were significantly lower, in the range 37%-59%. In addition, DNA vaccines based on genes altA, aha and omp showed immune protection rates of 25%, 37.5% and 75%, respectively. Our data demonstrate that the β-hly- /act- /fla- /altA+ /aha+ /omp+ genotype has weak pathogenicity and high immunogenicity, and provide a simple and effective way to screen for live A. hydrophila vaccines.
Analysis of Wheat Cultivar Differences in Grain Yield, Grain Nitrogen Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency.

More detailed information on the causes of yield variability among wheat cultivars is needed to further increase wheat yield. Field studies were conducted in Northern Greece over the two cropping seasons of 1985—1986 and 1986—1987 to assess the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and application timing of the various component traits that determine grain yield, grain nitrogen yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of two bread (Triticum aestivum L.) and two durum (Triticum durum Desf.) wheat cultivars, using yield and yield component analysis. Nitrogen at a rate of 150 kg ha-1 was applied before planting or 100 N kg ha-1 before planting and then 50 N kg ha-1 top dressed at early boot stage. Nitrogen and cultivars affected all traits examined, while split nitrogen application affected only some of the traits. Grain yields in the most cases were correlated with number of grains per unit area and grain weight and grain nitrogen yields in all cases with grain number per unit area. The contribution of the number of grains per spike to total variation in grain yield among cultivars was almost consistent (37 to 55 %), while the contribution of grain weight was more significant (up to 55 %) in high yields (>6.500kg ha-1) and number of spikes per unit area (>500). The number of grains per spike contributed from 60 to 83 % to the total variation in grain nitrogen per spike. Increased grain nitrogen concentration resulted in a reduction of its contribution in grain nitrogen yield variation. Nitrogen utilization efficiency was higher during grain filling than during vegetative biomass accumulation. The contribution of nitrogen harvest index to the variation of utilization efficiency for grain yield was higher in plants receiving nitrogen application.
An aberrant new genus and subfamily of the spiculate bryozoan family Thalamoporellidae epiphytic on Posidonia

A new bryozoan genus, Hesychoxenia (type species Membranipora praelonga MacGillivray), and subfamily, Hesychoxeniinae, are established for a South Australian species of bryozoan that colonizes leaves of Posidonia australis. Although highly aberrant it is allied with the Thalamoporellidae by the presence of calcareous spicules and a weak cryptocyst. Among other features, unique in the order Cheilostomida, are a kenozooidal post-ancestrular common bud, the presence of well-developed parietal muscles in spiculate kenozooids, multiple polypide buds in differentiating autozooids, and free intracoelomic colonies of microorganisms.
Characteristics of Sediment and Organic Carbon Export from Pristine Boreal Forest Watersheds

Estimates of the amount of material moving annually from terrestrial ecosystems to the ocean are largely based on an incomplete understanding of events occurring throughout the hydrologic year, and only a vague comprehension of in-stream processes controlling that export. Discharge, suspended sediment, particulate organic matter (POM; > 0.5 μm), dissolved organic carbon (DOC; <0.5 μm diameter), and the percentage of organic matter were measured from 1979 to 1981 in five pristine Quebec streams: First Choice Creek (1st order; watershed area: 0.25 km2), Beaver Creek (2nd order; 1.83 km2), Muskrat River (5th order; 204 km2), Matamek River (6th order; 673 km2), and the Moisie River (9th order; 19 871 km2). All streams, with the exception of First Choice Creek, have a strong spring freshet when 43–55% of the annual discharge occurs. By describing sediment and organic carbon export throughout the annual hydrologic cycle, 1 showed that during the 2-mo spring freshet 71–92% of the annual sediment load is exported.
Phylogenetic analyses of the Laurencia complex (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) support recognition of five genera: Chondrophycus, Laurencia, Osmundea, Palisada and Yuzurua stat. nov.

Molecular phylogenies inferred from rbcL sequences including 39 representative members of the Laurencia complex confirm the four genera currently recognised within the complex: Laurencia sensu stricto, Osmundea, Chondrophycus and the recently described genus Palisada. Furthermore, Palisada poiteaui was resolved as a fifth independent lineage suggesting that the complex is actually composed of five rather than four genera. Palisada poiteaui is the type species of the subgenus Yuzurua, and elevation of this subgenus to generic rank is proposed. This new genus allied strongly with Laurencia s.s. However, the other intergeneric relationships were not well supported, suggesting that rbcL sequences may not have sufficient signal to clarify infrageneric relationships fully within the Laurencia complex.
Molecular and pathological basis of HPV‐negative cervical adenocarcinoma seen in a global study

International surveys find HPV‐negativity in up to 30% of cervical adenocarcinomas. We investigated the pathological diagnosis by expert consensus with immunohistochemistry and the presence of somatic mutations in recognised tumour genes in HPV‐positive and negative cervical adenocarcinomas (CADC). A sample was selected of 45 paraffin‐embedded cervical blocks diagnosed locally as usual cervical adenocarcinoma from a global study. These represented different diagnoses made at previous diagnostic review and HPV status. All were suitable for analysis for somatic tumour associated gene mutations. Three pathologists examined H/E slides and immunohistochemistry for p16, progesterone receptor and p53 and classified the cases. L1 genes from high‐risk HPVs and low‐risk HPVs were analysed by SPF10 PCR‐DEIA‐LiPA25 version 1 in whole tissue sections and microdissected tumour and retested by PCR for E6/E7 genes of hrHPVs if negative. Cases were analysed for microsatellite instability and next‐generation sequencing mutation analysis. From the 45 cases, 20 cases of usual CADC were confirmed of which 17 (85%) were HPV‐positive in tumour cells. The other 25 cases were reclassified as endometrial, serous, clear‐cell and gastric‐type adenocarcinomas and all were HPV‐negative in tumour cells. Careful retesting for HPV DNA and IHC leads to more accurate identification of HPV‐positive usual cervical adenocarcinomas. Endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinomas, other uterine adenocarcinoma with multiple somatic mutations were important in misclassification of HPV‐negative cases locally managed as cervical adenocarcinoma, as was gastric‐type adenocarcinoma with germline STK11 mutation in East Asia. Few consensuses confirmed HPV‐negative usual cervical adenocarcinomas showed somatic tumorigenic mutations also seen in some HPV‐positive usual CADC.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of volatile organic compounds from potato tubers inoculated with Phytophthora infestans or Fusarium coeruleum

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) collected from potato tubers inoculated with Phytophthora infestans (late blight), Fusarium coeruleum (dry rot) or sterilized distilled water (as a control) were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID). A total of 52 volatiles were identified by GC-MS in the headspaces above P. infestans- and F. coeruleum-inoculated tubers after incubation for 42 days in the dark at 10°C. Of these VOCs, the six most abundant were common to both pathogens. These were benzothiazole (highest abundance), 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (second highest abundance), and at approximately equal third abundance, hexanal, 2-methylpropanoic acid-2,2-dimethyl-1-(2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-propyl ester, 2-methylpropanoic acid-3-hydroxy-2,4,4-trimethyl-pentyl ester and phenol. In addition, styrene also occurred at approximately equal third abundance in the headspace of F. coeruleum-inoculated tubers, but at lower abundance in the headspace of P. infestans-inoculated tubers. Some VOCs were specific to each pathogen. Butanal, 3-methylbutanal, undecane and verbenone were found at low levels only in the headspace of tubers inoculated with P. infestans, while 2-pentylfuran and copaene were found only in the headspace of tubers inoculated with F. coeruleum. Additionally GC-FID analysis identified ethanol and 2-propanol in the liquid exudate from both P. infestans- and F. coeruleum-inoculated tubers after incubation for 35 days, and in the headspace after incubation for 42 days. These data provide key information for developing a sensor-based early warning system for the detection of postharvest diseases in stored potato tubers.
The larval morphology of Palaemon floridanus Chace, 1942 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) compared with other species of Palaemon and Palaemonetes

Eight zoeal larval forms and the postlarval form of the prawn, Palaemon floridanus Chace, 1942, are described, based on laboratory reared animals that passed through as few as 8 or as many as 16 larval instars. This "extended" pattern of larval development was found to be consistent over the genus as a whole, regardless of the wide range of salinity occupied by different species. Structural characteristics that are shared by larvae of all Palaemon spp. thus far examined are presented. A more detailed analysis of larval morphology of temperate-tropical American species of Palaemon and Palaemonetes revealed more differences within than between the two genera, suggesting that they are more closely related than previously regarded. Se describen ocho fases larvarias (zoeas) y la fase postlarva del camaron Palaemon floridanus Chace, 1942, basadas en ejemplares cultivados en laboratorio y que contenian solamente entre 8 y 16 etapas larvarias. Este patron "extendido" del desarrollo larvario fue observado en todo el genero, a pesar del amplio rango de salinidades que habitan las diferentes especies. Se describen, asimismo, las caracteristicas estructurales comunes a las larvas de todos los Palaemon spp. Un analisis mas detallado de la morfologia larvaria de las especies tropicales/templadas americanas de Palaemon y Palaemonetes revelo mas diferencias intra que intergenericas, sugiriendo que ambos generos estan mas relacionados entre si de lo que se creia anteriormente.
The mechanics of spatially replicated sampling programmes to detect environmental impacts in a variable world

Procedures used to detect environmental impacts that occur as a result of planned disturbances are often inadequate. Widely used designs for univariate measures, such as the abundance of a population, lack proper spatial replication and have unjustified patterns of temporal sampling. Asymmetrical analyses of variance derived from repeated measures models can be used to detect many types of impact that are not identifiable using widely recommended BACI (Before/After, Control/Impact) sampling. These asymmetrical, beyond BACI designs are also more logical because of spatial replication. The mechanics of these procedures are discussed, including worked examples of calculations, considerations of their power to detect impacts of a specified magnitude and the integration of various temporal and spatial scales into the design. Related issues are briefly discussed concerning optimization of sampling and how to proceed when no data are available before a disturbance.
Surgical management of Rockwood type 3 acromioclavicular joint injuries: a retrospective comparison of outcomes of suture anchor fixation and double-button fixation techniques

Abstract The treatment of type 3 acromioclavicular joint injuries has still controversial issues. In this retrospective study, we aimed to compare the radiological and functional outcomes of the suture anchor and double-button fixation methods for the treatment of type 3 acromioclavicular joint injuries. This study included 20 patients who underwent suture anchor (9 patients) and double-button fixations (11 patients) for isolated type 3 acromioclavicular dislocation. Injuries were classified according to the Rockwood Classification System. Coracoclavicular(CC) distances and anterior translation have been measured pre-operatively and at the 12th month follow-up. Functional evaluation was performed using the DASH, and Constant–Murley scores of the patients were recorded at the12th-month follow-up. The mean age of the patients was 37 (22–50) years in Group 1(double-button group) and 39 (24–56) years in Group 2(suture anchor group). All of the patients were male. There was no statistically significant difference between the DASH and Constant–Murley scores of the 2 groups (P > .05). The mean DASH score of the patients evaluated at the postoperative 12th month was 6.65 (0–38.3) in Group 1 and 2.48 (0–4.2) in Group 2. The mean Constant-Murley score of the patients evaluated at the postoperative 12th month was 89,6 (50–98) in Group 1 and 93,6 (90–98) in Group 2. Comparison of the pre- and post-operative CC distances and pre- and post-operative anterior translation distances of both groups revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding postoperative CC distances and anterior translation distances (P > .05). Suture anchor and double-button techniques are reliable treatment methods that are not superior to one another and can yield excellent functional outcomes