Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on DNA Replication Repair and Cancer: Insights from Biallelic Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome

Biallelic Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome (bMMRD) is an aggressive childhood inherited cancer predisposition syndrome. Individuals harboring biallelic germline mutations in the mismatch repair genes (MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, or PMS2) develop a myriad of cancers in all tissues; predominantly brain tumors, hematological malignancies and gastrointestinal cancers. Due to the rarity of the syndrome, the origin and progression of bMMRD cancers is not yet clearly understood. The focus of this thesis work is to elucidate the clinical and biological aspects of bMMRD cancers and to apply these findings across other tumors with replication repair deficiency. Chapter 1 delivers an overview of various aspects of DNA replication repair and their implications to cancer development and therapies. Chapter 2 describes recent advances in our understanding of both clinical and biological aspects of bMMRD, including prevalence of the syndrome, techniques for diagnosis, tumor spectrum and onset, and surveillance recommendations. Chapter 3 focuses on genomic profiling of tumors arising from bMMRD, including the discovery of the first pediatric ultrahypermutant tumors, secondary somatic driving
THE EFFECT OF GASTRIC GAS EMPTYING ON THE RESIDUAL GASTRIC VOLUME IN MECHANICALLY-VENTILATED INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS FED THROUGH NASOGASTRIC TUBES: A RANDOMIZED, SINGLE-BLIND, CLINICAL TRIAL

Objective: Increased gastric residual volume is a complication of enteral nutrition intolerance that leads to gastrointestinal complications such as nausea, vomiting, and aspiration pneumonia. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of gastric gas emptying on the residual gastric volume in mechanically-ventilated patients fed through nasogastric tubes.Methods: This randomized, single-blind, clinical trial was conducted on two groups of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Kamyab Hospital of Mashhad. A total of 64 patients were randomly divided into a case and a control group. In the case group, the gastric gases accumulated through the nasogastric tube were emptied by applying palm pressure on the epigastric region. The control group did not undergo this intervention but received the routine care provided in the ward. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a form containing records of the patients’ residual gastric volume and disease-related information. The residual gastric volume was measured and compared in the two groups before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS-19 using the Chi-square test, the independent t-test, and the repeated measures ANOVA at the significance level of 5%. Results: The residual gastric volume did not differ significantly between the two groups before the intervention (p=0.14); after the intervention; however, a significant reduction was observed in the case group compared to the controls (p=0.007). Conclusion: Gastric gas emptying helps reduce the residual gastric volume in mechanically-ventilated patients fed through nasogastric tubes. Further studies are recommended to further ensure the benefits of this method.
Evolution of thermal tolerance and size of the geographic range in closely related species of water beetles

This thesis studies a group of aquatic beetles (Agabus brunneus complex) that present important differences in the size of their geographic ranges. This complex is composed by an insular species (A. rufulus), a continental species with restricted range (A. ramblae) and another continental species (A. brunneus) that posses a wide range of distribution (A. brunneus) with the aim of study the factors implied in those differences. For this purpose we integrated the phylogeny/ phylogeography of the group and the evolution of the ecological niche together with morphological study and thermal tolerance of species. This complex of species diversified at the end of Pleistocene in Iberian Peninsula probably after the colonization of A. ramblae from Morocco. One of the resultant species (A. brunneus) at some point of the diversification acquired the ability to resist colder temperatures and was able to disperse to colder climates. To understand range variability from another perspective we used population proteomics to analyse the response of several populations for A. ramblae and A. bruneus facing temperatures that they might experience on field. We decided to analyse the variability at several levels in two populations of (A. ramblae) when working with natural populations obtaining satisfactory results for the reproducibility of our experimental methodology. When we analysed globally two populations for each species (one from Morocco and one from Iberian peninsula for each) we saw that the diversification observed in the phylogeny was encompassed with changes at the proteomic response. The more common proteins identified belong to energetic metabolism and stress proteins. The latter were detected to express differentially between the two species studied, showing a different response to thermal stress. This work address the possibility of employing population proteomics in natural populations of non-model species and being able of recovering the stress response facing an environmental factor like temperature. We show as well that differences in range size can be encompassing with the acquisition of capacity to face thermal stress.
Epidemiological and Evolutionary Features of Myopia in Melanoderma Children in Abidjan (Cote-D’ivoire): A 100 Cases Study in the University Hospital of Cocody

Introduction: Myopia is a spherical ametropia characterized by image formation in front of the retinal plane and responsible for a decrease in visual acuity from afar. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical and evolutionary aspects of myopia in melanodermic children in Abidjan. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study that took place from 2010 to 2015 and focused on myopic subjects under 15 years of age who had 3 refractive studies, under cyclopentolate cycloplegia at 0.5%, at regular 2-year intervals. All patients were equipped with corrective lenses. Results: During the study period, 1647 children benefited from a refractive study. The prevalence of near sightedness was 19.30% (318 patients). One hundred children (200 eyes) with an average age of 8.47+/-2.08 years were included in the study. There was a feminine predominance (69%) with a sex ratio of 0.45. Low myopia was predominant in the various examinations. The average progression of myopia after the first two years was -0.45+/-0.48 D. An average worsening of -0.35+/-0.45 D between the 2nd and 4th year was observed. The average increase in 4 years was -0.80 +/0.54 D. Discussion: Myopia progressed during biological growth. This progression is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. We noted a slight progression of myopia in four years in melanodermic children in Abidjan.
UJI PENDAHULUAN TOKSISITAS AKUT DERMAL SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAUN BINAHONG (ANREDERA SCANDENS (L.) MOQ.) TERSTANDAR

Daun binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq. ) telah banyak diteliti aktivitas farmakologisnya dan sudah dilakukan standarisasi oleh Farmakope Herbal Indonesia, sehingga mudah dikembangkan menjadi obat herbal terstandar. Ekstrak etanol 70% daun A. scandens (L.) Moq.berpotensi sebagai sediaan dalam menyembuhkan luka terutama luka eksisi. Uji pendahuluan toksisitas akut dermal bertujuan untuk ada atau tidaknya kematian hewan uji setelah diberikan sediaan salep ekstrak etanol 70% daun A. scandens (L.)Moq.secara topikal agar memenuhi persyaratan menjadi obat herbal terstandar.Penelitian secara eksperimental ini digunakan tikus putih betina galur Wistar sebanyak 8 ekor yang terdiri dari 1 ekor tikus telah di aklimatisasi selama 1 minggu.Objek uji dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol normal, uji basis salep, dan tujuh kelompok perlakuan (diberikan olesan basis salep ekstrak etanol 70% daun A. scandens (L.) Moq.dosis 1000 mg/KgBB, 2000 mg/KgBB, dan 5000 mg/KgBB). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian sediaan salep ekstrak etanol 70% daun A.scandens (L.) Moq.tidakmenyebabkan adanya tikus yang mati dengan pengamatan selama 14 hari, sehingga ekstrak etanol 70% daun A.scandens (L.) Moq.telah memenuhi standar menurut Farmakope Herbal Indonesia dilihat dari parameter rendemen ekstrak, kadar air ekstrak, kadar abu total, kadar abu tidak larut asam, dan kadar flavonoid total. Kata kunci: Anredera scandens, sediaan salep, luka eksisi, toksisitas akut dermal
Influência da umidade em dois tipos de solo, na emergência de Ceratitis capitata

Estudou-se a influencia da umidade, em dois tipos de solo, na emergencia de Ceratitis capitata (Wied, 1824) (Diptera, Tephritidae), baseando-se em curvas de retencao de agua. Foram selecionados seis potenciais matriciais para cada tipo de solo, quais sejam: - 10-³ ; - 5.10-³; - 10-² ; -3.10-² ; - 10-¹ e 1,5 MPa, correspondentes a 32,8; 21,5; 15,7; 9,5;7,6 e 5,5% de umidade em base de massa para o Podzolizado Vermelho-Amarelo variacao Lins e 59,9; 46,5; 40,5; 30,3; 26,0 e 21,1% para o Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro distrofico, textura argilosa. C. capitata se comportou diferentemente nos dois tipos de solo. Assim, no arenoso (Podzolizado) houve um encurtamento do periodo pupal com os solos mais umidos, sendo que no argiloso (Latossolo), a duracao foi constante em todos os tratamentos. Por outro lado, a viabilidade desta fase foi drasticamente afetada no Latossolo, observando-se maiores valores nas condicoes mais secas. Ja no Podzolizado os maiores valores de percentagem de emergencia ocorreram nas umidades intermediarias. Em ambos os solosos dois sexos foram igualmente afetados, sendo que o ritmo de emergencia foi diferente de acordo com a quantidade de agua, havendo em ambos os casos, um periodo de emergencia mais concentrado em solos umidos.
Cardiac Activation Associated with Non-Periodic Leg Movements in Comparison to Periodic Leg Movements during Sleep in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome and Healthy Subjects

Min-Jong Kim, Kwang Su Cha, Tae-Joon Kim, Jin-Sun Jun, Ki-Young Jung Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Percutaneous Fixation of Split Fracture Tibial Plateau

Background: tibial plateau fractures represented only 1% of all fractures. If not appropriately treated, the consequences may be severe and have a great social impact. The management of the fracture depends on several factors such as fracture configuration, concomitant soft tissue injury, the patient's age, activity level and bone quality. Tibial plateau fractures may be divided into low energy or high energy fractures. Low energy fractures are common in older patients due to osteoporotic bone and are typically depressed fractures. High energy fractures are commonly the result of motor vehicle accidents, falls or sportsrelated injuries. Split tibial plateau fractures may be treated by closed reduction and percutaneous fixation using cancellous screws and washers, with very good results as recommended by many authors.Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the results of closed reduction under fluoroscopic control and percutaneous fixation with cancellous screws 6.5 mm and washers of split type of tibial plateau fractures. Methodology: twenty patients were included in this study; they were admitted to the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sayed Galal Hospital and luxor International Hospital, from October 2016 to April 2018. On admission all patients were assessed by history taking, clinical examination and radiological assessment. The mean age of patients in this study was 37.15 ± 11.4 years. Age was ranged from 20 to 55 years. There were 13 males (65 %) and 7 females (35 %). 11 patients (55 %) had right side tibial plateau fracture, while only 9 patients had left side tibial plateau fractures. Results: 12 (60 %) patients had traffic accidents as a mechanism of injury, 4 (20 %) were falling from height, 4 (20 %) had direct trauma. Associated fractures of the head of fibulae was present in two patients (10 %), other associated fractures were Colles' fracture (5%), femoral shaft fracture (5 %) and fracture tibia (5 %). The time till operation varied from two days to five days, but the majority of the cases were done within the first two to three days after admission. The mean duration of follow up was 6.5 ± 2.86 months, ranging from six to eight months. After follow up period the result were assessed according to Rasmussen's grading system, eighteen patients (90%) had excellent results, and two patients (10 %) had good results. Conclusion: tibial plateau fractures represented only 1% of all fractures. If not appropriately treated, the consequences may be severe and have a great social impact. Early mobilization is an important factor in treatment of intra articular fracture, as immobilization result in death of chondrocyte. Percutaneous reduction and fixation technique is a simple procedure if facilitates, equipment and experience are available.
Association Between Depression, Socioeconomic Factors and Dietary Intake in Married Women, Bandar Abbas, Iran

Background: Socioeconomic factors and dietary intake have suggested being effective in the appearance of depression. A limited number of studies have addressed such factors in Iranian communities. In this study, we investigated the relationship between depression, dietary intake, and socioeconomic factors among married women within a developing community in the south of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 480 married women in 2014. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used for sampling. The Beck depression inventory was used to assess the level of depression. 24-hour dietary intake information was collected using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Demographic information and socioeconomic status were also collected using a predesigned questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, t test, chi-square test, analysis of variance, and linear and logistic regression models. Results: The average age of subjects in this study was 38.6 (SD = 6.7) years. The prevalence of depression in married women was found to be 42.7%. A significant direct correlation was observed between the depression score and age, body mass index, the number of children, and family size. The daily intake of most macronutrients was inversely related to the depression level. Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed that married women with lower education levels (odds ratio (OR) = 3.39, 95%CI: 1.83 - 5.43), unemployed spouses (OR = 5.72, 95%CI: 2.21 - 9.86), and low socioeconomic statuses (OR = 3.74, 95%CI: 2.33 - 5.07) were more likely to be depressed. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that compared to other subpopulations in Iran and foreign communities, married women in Bandar Abbas show higher rates of depressive symptoms. Education, employment, and economic status are among the most important predictors of depression in married women. Therefore, it is essential to consider these factors in future studies.
Traumatic brain injury : investigating misconceptions among graduate students in physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology.

This study utilized a convenience sample (n=510) to investigate misconceptions of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among first and second year graduate students in physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), and speech-language pathology (SLP) training programs. Eighty-six-point-seven percent of participants were female, and 87.70% were white. All participants completed a survey comprised of items relating to general information about TBI, coma and unconsciousness, memory loss, recovery, and concussion. Descriptive and summary statistics indicated the persistence of misconceptions regarding coma and unconsciousness, memory loss, recovery, and concussion among graduate students in PT, OT, and SLP training programs. Group comparisons were conducted to identify differences according to discipline (PT, OT, or SLP) and university designation (first or second year graduate student). Kruskall-Wallis analyses revealed no statistically significant difference in knowledge across disciplines regarding general information about TBI or recovery, however there was a statistically significant difference regarding knowledge of coma and unconsciousness, memory loss, and concussion. Mann-Whitney analyses revealed no significant difference in knowledge of general information about TBI, coma and unconsciousness, or recovery according to university designation, however there was a statistically significant difference in knowledge of memory loss and concussion. Citation: Frazure M, Mattingly R, Pitts T, Smith AF (2018) Traumatic Brain Injury: Investigating Misconceptions among Graduate Students in Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and Speech-Language Pathology. Physiother Rehabil 3: 160. doi: 10.4172/2573-0312.1000160
Autobiographical

is that everything that relates to man in his mind, body, or estate, is a part of medicine. Many of the older journals have taken the mere art of physic as the scope and limit of their purview. They have been technical journals in the narrowest sense; in the "journeyman's " sense, indeed. The Hospital, from the moment it decided that it must be a medical journal in the true sense of the word, decided that its motto must be, " The identity of man and medicine. " The proper study of medicine is the universal and inclusive study of man. The purely technical and " journeyman's " view of the functions of medical journalism is no longer serviceable. The historical, philosophical, practical, and broadly human conception of medical activity can alone supply the j ournalism which will appeal to the cultured intelligence of the philosophic medical minds of the present and the near future.
Inhibition of fungal deterioration of stored pigeonpea seeds by Cuminum cyminum oil

Stored seed samples of pigeonpea collected from 18 places of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India were examined for associated fungi. Seventeen fungal species were associated with the seed samples. Out of these, Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were predominant and caused heavy deterioration in fresh seeds. Volatile constituents extracted in the form of essential oils from 50 higher plants were evaluated against these two fungi. The oil from cumin (Cuminum cyminum) caused cent percent inhibition. The oil of cumin protected seeds of pigeonpea for six months stored in 250 g plastic-gunny bags. It was found superior over the synthetic fumigants tried. The oil did not exhibit any adverse effect on seed germination (showed 86.6 to 93.3 germination), seedling growth, general health and morphology of host plants. Thus the cumin oil can be judiciously used as botanical preservative for pigeonpea seeds against spoilage by fungi during storage.
Hepatitis B virus DNA in Blood Donors Positive of Anti-Hepatitis B Core Antibodies and Negative for Surface Antigen in Hawler Major Blood Bank, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Background: Occult Hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) among blood donors is an important medical concern.Objectives: This study was done to detect the presence of occult hepatitis B virus infections among blood donors with negative hepatitis B surface antigen and positive total anti-hepatitis B core antibodies in Hawler Major Blood Bank in Hawler city/Kurdistan Region of Iraq.Methods: A total number of 12,185 blood donors in Hawler Major Blood Bank were screened for HBsAg and total anti-HBcAb using ELISA technique, and then positive results were retested by confirmatory technique by Chemiluminescence assay. All HBsAg-/HBcAb+ were selected as the study group; HBV DNA was tested among HBsAg-/HBcAb+ by conventional PCR and Real time-PCR. Clinical and demographic data of study group were recorded.Results: Among the 12,185 blood donors, HBsAg was positive in 27 (0.22%) donors using Chemiluminescence assay, the frequency of HBs Ag -/ HBc Ab+ was 276 (2.27%), and then the total prevalence of HBV infection in all blood donors was 2.49%. Among the 276 HBs Ag-/HBcAb+, occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) was positive in 39.1% (108/276) using conventional PCR and Real time-PCR techniques, while the prevalence among all blood donors (n=12,185) was 0.09%. Testing of HBV-DNA in HBs Ag -/ HBc Ab+ group for OBI was done by qualitative PCR (positive HBV-DNA=102/276) or by quantitative Real time-PCR (positive HBV-DNA=108/276). Conclusions: The OBI is frequently detected among blood donors in Hawler city especially those have HBsAg-/HBcAb+, and the total anti-HBcAb is an essential serological marker for screening HBV among blood donors. The risk factors for developing OBI among blood donors should be elucidated.
Exposure to industrial air pollutants and respiratory health school and home exposure among primary school children in Kemaman, Terengganu

Exposure to air pollution leads to a wide range of acute and chronic airways effects. Compared adults, children are particularly at risk due to the immaturity of their respiratory organ systems. This study is intended to determine the exposure of Industrial Air Pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2 and VOCs) and its association with respiratory symptoms among Primary School Children in industrial and non-industrial area at Kemaman, Terengganu. A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out among Malay primary school children in Kemaman, Terengganu. A standardized set of questionnaire are adapted from the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire were used to obtain the background information, exposure history and respiratory symptoms of the respondents. Indoor air quality assessments were conducted in each primary school and homes using several indoor air monitoring instruments includes Dust Trak DRX Aerosol Monitor 8534, Air Sampling Pump, PbbRAE Portable VOC Monitor (pbbRAE 3000), LaMotte Air Sampling Pump, Q-TrakPlus Model 8554 Monitor and TSI VelocicalcPlus Model 8386. The median and interquartile range of concentration of PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2 and VOCs in classrooms and homes of exposed group was higher than the values in comparative group at p<0.001. Respiratory symptoms show a significant difference between exposed and comparative group at p<0.001. The reported respiratory symptoms were based on the questionnaire that fulfill by their parents. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Science (SPSS) Version 21. This study showed that the exposure to industrial air pollutants increased the risk of getting respiratory tract symptoms among primary school children living near industry area.