Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patients’ adherence to a walking programme for non-specific low back pain

Abstract The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to investigate adherence rate and factors influencing the adherence in following home-based activity advice, in patients referred to a physiotherapy clinic for non-specific low back pain. Research suggests that inadequate adherence to home-based activity advice during an intervention period may diminish treatment outcomes. Factors negatively influencing adherence appeared to be related to a person's beliefs and perceptions. Perceived barriers, low self-efficacy and unbeneficial illness beliefs have been consistent predictors for non-adherence across studies. 51 patients who reported non-specific low back pain were advised to walk daily. Physical activity was measured with a validated triaxial seismic accelerometer. The effect of multiple patient-related determinants on the rate of adherence was studied. Only four out of 51 patients (8%) fully adhered to the walking advice. In this study, there were no significant effects of patient-related determinants on the rate of adherence. Factors negatively influencing adherence behaviour were lack of time, weather conditions and increasing low back pain. In conclusion, patient adherence in following home-based activity advice for non-specific low back pain outside the clinical setting is poor.
Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) affects about 4% of men and 2% of women of middle aged population, as defined by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)>5 and daytime excessive sleepiness . OSA is common in obese patients and also its prevalence increases with increasing body mass index (BMI). Whether OSA is caused by or results in central obesity is not fully understood. More recently, the National Cholesterol Education Programme (NCEP) Adult Panel – III (ATP-III) (2001) has identified a “Constellation of lipid and non lipid risk factors of metabolic origin”, which is designated as “metabolic syndrome”. This syndrome has been closely linked to insulin resistance. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a condition of impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance which also has a strong causal relationship with central obesity. OSA is also associated with insulin resistance, with higher level of OSA associated with greater insulin resistance independent of general obesity Due to reasons not yet clear, OSA may therefore be a particular problem in patients with T2DM. Central obesity is commonly seen in patients with insulin resistant T2DM. Probably, there is an aspect of central obesity with T2DM that contributes to OSA. A number of studies have demonstrated abnormal glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia in patients with OSA . The prevalence of T2DM is increasing rapidly; so is the prevalence of undiagnosed OSA in the diabetic population. This results into significant morbidity and a huge financial & social burden. In India, it is estimated that 19.4 million individuals are affected by Diabetes mellitus, which is likely to go up to 57.2 million by the year 2025. The likely reasons include changing lifestyle, increased longevity and low birth weight. Data on the various aspects of the OSA-T2DM relationship, particularly from developing countries like ours, is scanty. With this in mind, a study was conducted to assess the prevalence of OSA in a small population of T2DM and further observe any correlations.
Dexmedetomidine reduces haemodynamic variation in paediatric patients during surgery

Background: Anaesthesia and surgery (thoracic and upper abdominal) are very stressful and painful and pain if not relived adequately it may lead to hemodynamic instability with respiratory compromise and increased complications in intra-operative and Post-operative period. The common agents available for sedation and analgesia includes opiates and benzodiazepines. Use of these agents have side effects, including respiratory and cardiovascular depression. Dexmedetomidine HCl, a highly potent α2-adrenergic agonist, have sedative, analgesic, hypnotic and anxiolytic effects without causing respiratory depression. Objective: The objective of this study is to find out safe and effective adjuvant of analgesic and sedative drug which can reduce stress of anesthesia and surgery and provide stable hemodynamics in intra operative period with rapid recovery from anesthesia. Material and Methods: After ethical clearance and informed consent 120 eligible paediatric patients aged 210 years, of either sex, ASA physical status I and II scheduled for thoracic and upper abdominal surgeries were allocated randomly into 2 groups (DEX group and NS group) each containing 60 patients. DEX group received Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg (loading) (made to 20ml) slow IV injection over 20minutes, before inducing anaesthesia, followed by 0.5mcg/kg/hour (maintenance) peri & post-operatively over 6hours through infusion pump. NS Group received only normal saline 20ml slow IV injection over 20minutes, before inducing anaesthesia and continued infusion in same way as DEX group. General anaesthesia was induced using a standard dosage protocol. Hemodynamic parameters monitored and recorded at frequent interval. Statistical analysis was done and data were analysed. Results: Stress induced Hemodynamic response during laryngoscopy, intubation, surgery and extubation was significantly less in Dex group patients with lesser halothane consumption and rescue analgesic requirement ( p<0.05) in intra operative period. Conclusion: Use of IV Dexmedetomidine peri-operatively, significantly decreases haemodynamic response of stress related to anaesthesia and surgery. It also decreases sedative and analgesic requirements with good pain relief and stable haemodynamics with lower postoperative complications.
Cardiorenal biomarkers and therapeutic interventions in acute heart failure

Acute heart failure (AHF) is a syndrome that not only involves the heart, but affects many other organs as well. The presence of these co-morbidities makes the pathophysiology, phenotype and treatment of this heterogeneous syndrome very complicated. Renal dysfunction is one of the most prevalent comorbidities with a strong association with clinical outcome, but a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology is lacking. Several studies that tested the effect of drug treatment in AHF with concomitant renal dysfunction have shown neutral results similar to other randomized clinical studies in patients with AHF. To better understand the pathophysiology behind renal dysfunction in patients with heart failure, a crucial step is to seek a successful intervention for this high-risk subgroup. A biomarker is a powerful tool, not only for predicting prognosis, but also for examining the biological pathway of the disease. Numerous studies on renal biomarkers have been conducted and most showed their strong association with prognosis. However, currently available renal biomarkers are not capable of providing information on precipitating factors of renal dysfunction in heart failure, which can vary from patient to patient. Therefore, attempting to use preexisting and novel biomarkers to derive such information regarding renal pathophysiology is clinically relevant for developing effective treatment for AHF patients, including those with concomitant renal dysfunction.
A study on thoracic splanchnic nerves: Anatomo-surgical appraisal

Introduction: The thoracic splanchnic nerves greater, lesser, and least are derived from medial branches of the lower seven thoracic sympathetic ganglia; they carry preganglionic fibers, pierce the diaphragmatic crura, and supply the abdominal viscera through coeliac and aorticorenal plexus. These splanchnic nerves carry pain conducting visceral afferent fibers from the upper abdominal organs, including the pancreas. The origin of the splanchnic nerves from different roots may have a significant role in clinical presentation of patients than the normal or absence of consecutive nerve roots. Material and Methods: The study was done on 26 formalin-fixed cadavers (52 sides) from the Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, and University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi. The endothoracic tissue and the parietal pleura in the paravertebral region were carefully removed from the 1st rib to 12th rib (costodiaphragmatic recess). The thoracic sympathetic chain and its medial branches were traced from its origin to medial arcuate ligament. Any variations in the origin, formation, and communication of the splanchnic nerves were noted and photographed. Results: The origins of splanchnic nerves were bilaterally asymmetrical in most of the cases. The greater splanchnic nerve (GSN) was always present, whereas lesser splanchnic nerve and least splanchnic nerve were found to be absent in 40% and 80% cases, respectively. The GSN showed great variability both in the level of its origin and in the pattern of its formation. In the present study, four different patterns of GSN origin were observed in addition to normal. Discussion and Conclusion: Significant differences were noted in the formation and communication between the thoracic splanchnic nerves. The patterns in the formation were not only different from cadaver to cadaver but also were bilaterally asymmetrical.
The evaluation of the clinical and radiographic records of the first molar teeth in pediatric patients

Aim: This study aimed to determine the status, the need for treatment, and the performed treatments in the first permanent molars, together with the general health status, in pediatric patients. Material and Methods: A total of 5996 teeth from 1499 children were included in the study. The first permanent molars were evaluated by panoramic radiography and patient recording system. The teeth were classified according to the following data: age, gender, jaw, side, teeth requiring therapy, preventive and interventional implementations. Results: It was determined that 45.7% of the first permanent molars were healthy and 54.3% were necessitating treatment. The rate of the healthy teeth was determined to decrease with increasing age (p<0.001). The rate of healthy teeth in boys was higher than girls and the healthy teeth in maxilla were higher than mandible (p<0.001). Applications for preventive treatment were most frequently performed between group 1 (p<0.001). Preventive treatments were performed higher in boys than girls (p<0.001). Mean age of first restorative treatment, endodontic treatment and extraction on first permanent molars were 10 years 7 months 18 days, 11 years 1 month 8 days and 11 years 5 months 13 days, respectively. Conclusion: Since the awareness of the families on the first permanent molars, which are among the first erupted permanent teeth, is low, and the oral hygiene of children is inadequate, caries and tooth loss are encountered very frequently in these teeth. In spite of developing dentistry technologies and ease of access, dental health is very dramatic in developing countries.
ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF DIASHIS, A POLYHERBAL FORMULATION, IN STREPTOZOTOCIN- INDUCED DIABETIC MALE ALBINO RAT: AN APPROACH THROUGH TOXICITY STUDY

To investigate the mode of antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity of Diashis, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male albino rats. Hyperglycemia was induced by single intramuscular injection of STZ at the dose of 4 mg / 0.1 mL of citrate buffer (pH 4.5) / 100 g body weight. For acute toxicity evaluation of Diashis, the formulation was administered orally at the doses ranging from 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 mg / 100 g body weight. Significant diminution in the activities of hepatic hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase along with elevation in glucose-6-phosphatase were noted in STZ-induced diabetic animals. Levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), serum lipid profiles were elevated significantly (P<0.001) along with the diminution in serum insulin level in STZ-induced diabetic animals. Above mentioned parameters were recovered significantly (P<0.01) towards the control level after treatment of Diasihs for 30 days at the dose of 5 mg / 0.5 ml distilled water / 100 g body weight / rat / day at fasting state to diabetic animals. In an acute toxicity study, there was no toxic symptom up to the dose level of 320 mg / 100 g body weight. From these results, it may be concluded that Diashis at the dose of 5 mg / 100 g body weight is safe for long term treatment for diabetic protection.
Estudio epidemiológico de la caries en un grupo de niños con parálisis cerebral

espanolSe presentan los resultados de un estudio epidemiologico de la caries en un grupo de 103 ninos con paralisis cerebral del Hospital Nino Dios de Barcelona en edades comprendidas entre los 5 y 20 anos. Se exploro el indice CAOD en denticion permanente y el Ico en denticion temporal. EnglishThe results of an epidemiological study of caries in a group of 103 children with cerebral palsy between 5 and 20 years of age and treated in Nen Deu Hospital (Barcelona, Spain) are presented. The CAOD (caries, absent teeth, filled teeth) and ICO indices (caries, filled teeth) were evaluated in the permanent and deciduous dentition, respectively.
Aetiology of Urinary Tract Infection and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of urinary isolates in tertiary care hospital in Central India: A retrospective analysis

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections encountered in clinical practice. (Gatermann SG 2007) Both sexes of all age groups are vulnerable to UTI. Women are especially prone to UTI. It is estimated that 20% of women experience UTI in their life time. (Ramprasad AV et al 1993) UTI is one major cause among hospital acquired infections. (Ramprasad AV ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 4 (2015) pp. 962-970 http://www.ijcmas. com
Brain injury and hazardous alcohol drinking in trauma patients

Head injury is the leading cause of death and disability in trauma patients, and alcohol misuse is often associated with such injuries. Despite modern diagnostic facilities, the extent of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is difficult to assess and supplementary diagnostic tools are warranted. The contribution of alcohol misuse to traumas also needs to be elucidated, as the role of different patterns of alcohol drinking in particular has received less attention. We investigated the clinical utility of a novel serum marker of brain damage, protein S100B, as a tool for assessing TBI in patients with trauma. We also investigated the patterns of alcohol drinking among trauma patients and the trauma mechanisms in relation to blood alcohol concentration (BAC), with special emphasis on head traumas. Finally, we studied the early identification of hazardous drinkers among trauma patients. Serum protein S100B was found to be a feasible supplementary method for assessing TBI, as the latter was shown to elevate its levels significantly, the highest values being found in patients with severe injuries. S100B was also found to be elevated in patients with mild head injury, where it was associated with an increased risk of developing post-concussion symptoms (PCSs). Extracranial injuries also increased S100B values in patients with multitrauma. Accordingly, S100B was not specific to TBI. The more severe the extracranial injury, the higher the S100B value that was found. Binge drinking was found to be the predominant pattern in trauma patients. Alcohol intoxication on admission and hazardous drinking patterns were more often present in patients with head injury than in those with other types of trauma. The risk of sustaining a head trauma significantly increased with increasing BAC. The results also demonstrated that BAC on admission is the best marker of alcohol misuse in trauma patients. The BAC test depicts hazardous alcohol drinking better than conventional biochemical markers of alcohol misuse such as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), or mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of erythrocytes. The findings support the use of S100B as a supplementary method for assessing TBI and the use of BAC as a marker of alcohol misuse in trauma patients.
Organisational age cultures: The interplay of chief executive officers age and attitudes toward younger and older employees

This article investigates the interactive effects of chief executive officer (CEO) age and CEO attitudes toward younger and older employees on organisational age cultures. Data was collected from 66 CEOs of small and medium-sized businesses and 274 employees. Results were consistent with expectations based on organisational culture and upper echelons theories. The relationship between CEO age and organisational age culture for younger employees was negative for CEOs with a less positive attitude toward younger employees and positive for those with a more positive attitude toward younger employees. The relationship between CEO age and organisational age culture for older employees was positive for CEOs with a more positive attitude toward older employees and non-significant for those with a less positive attitude toward older employees. The findings provide initial support for the existence of organisational age cultures, suggesting that these cultures can be predicted by the interplay of CEO age and age-related attitudes.
A Case of Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome Expressing Dual Antineuronal Antibodies: Anti-Hu and Recoverin

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology ¦ Volume 23 ¦ Issue 1 ¦ January-February 2020 133 Sir, Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are a group of heterogeneous disorders that are not caused by direct invasion or metastasis but are caused by cancers outside the central or peripheral nervous system. [1] In the literature, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is commonly associated with PNS expressing various antineuronal antibodies, such as anti-Hu, anti-Ri, anti-CV2, anti-VGCC, or anti-recoverin. [1,2] PNS can be in the form of cerebellar degeneration, encephalomyelitis, or sensory neuronopathy as well as retinopathy and often precedes the diagnosis of cancer. [1-3] Conversely, a single antineuronal antibody can be expressed by various cancers. For example, anti-Ri antibody can be identified in breast, gynecological, or SCLC malignancies. [1] Therefore, potentially, a single systemic cancer can express multiple antineuronal antibodies and vice versa. In this case report, we present an unusual case of dual expression of anti-Hu and recoverin associated with the pathologically identified SCLC.
Immediate Effect of Indian Music on Cardiac Autonomic Control And Anxiety: A Comparative Study

Background: Many studies have shown that music experience is the key to develop future therapies in order to prevent the development of cardiovascular disorders. Aims: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of heart rate variability (HRV) on exposure to Indian raga Bhupali with that of two control groups of pop music and no music or silence in a sample of healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: Autonomic functioning, anxiety level, and subjective feeling were assessed in 28 healthy subjects, both male and female [group mean age ± standard deviation (SD), 19.68 ± 2.57] during three sessions. The three sessions were the musical session intervention with the Indian raga Bhupali, pop music with steady beats, and "no music session. " Assessments were made before (5 min), during (10 min), and after (5 min) in each of the three states on 3 separate days. Results: During the Indian raga, there was a significant decrease in the low frequency (LF) power (P < 0.01) and increase in the high frequency (HF) power (P < 0.01) in the frequency domain analysis of the HRV spectrum. There was also a significant decrease in the mean heart rate (HR) (P < 0.01) and a significant increase in the NN50 (P < 0.05) and RMSSD (P < 0.05) in the time domain analysis of HRV. Both frequency and time domain measures are indicative of parasympathetic activity. The anxiety level significantly (P < 0.001) decreased post the Indian raga session and significantly (P < 0.01) increased post the pop session. The subjective assessment of perceived feeling using the visual analog scale (VAS) comparing Indian raga with pop and silence sessions showed a significant difference of feeling positive (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Exposure to the Indian raga Bhupali reduced sympathetic activity and/or increased vagal modulation with reduced anxiety levels and subjective assessment of perceived feeling showed positive changes.
Increased intra-articular granzyme M may trigger local IFN-λ1/IL-29 response in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVES Granzymes are serine proteases involved in eliminating tumour cells and virally infected cells. In addition, extracellular granzyme levels are elevated in inflammatory conditions, including several types of infection and autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While GrA and GrB have been associated with RA, a role for the other three granzymes (GrH, GrK, and GrM) in this disease remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the presence and role of GrM and GrK in serum and synovial fluid of patients with RA, psoriatic arthritis, and osteoarthritis. METHODS Granzyme levels were determined in serum, synovial fluid, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) of RA patients and relevant control groups. In addition, the link between GrM and inflammatory cytokines in synovial fluid was investigated. RESULTS Serum GrM and GrK levels were not affected in RA. GrM, but not GrK, levels were elevated in synovial fluid of RA patients. GrM was mainly expressed by cytotoxic lymphocytes in SFMCs with a similar expression pattern as compared with PBMCs. Intra-articular GrM expression correlated with IL-25, IL-29, XCL1, and TNFα levels. Intriguingly, purified GrM triggered the release of IL-29 (IFN-λ1) from human fibroblasts in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that GrM levels are increased in RA synovial fluid and that GrM can stimulate proinflammatory IL-29 release from fibroblasts, suggesting a role of GrM in the pathogenesis of RA.
Transvaginal doppler sonography for assessment the response to radiotherapy in locally advanced squamous cervical cancer: a preliminary study

Introduction: The place of sonography in the diagnostics and monitoring of cervical carcinoma remains controversial. Aim of the study is to assess the value of transvaginal sonography (TVS) and transvaginal color Doppler sonography (TVCD) for assessment of the effect of treatment in patients with locally advanced squamous cervical cancer. Material and methods: Research included 18 patients with cervical cancer aged 36-72 year in FIGO stages II (11 patients) and III (7 patients) treated by radiotherapy. TVS and TVCD were performed: before the beginning of treatment (I), 3 days after radiotherapy (II), and 6 weeks after radiotherapy (III). The clinical course of disease in 6 months after treatment was evaluated. Results: In each patients the volume of uterine cervix decreased after radiotherapy. The median values of RI were similar in each examinations. During 6 months of observation in 5 women out of 18 patients the progression of the cervical cancer was noted. Only in 2 out of 5 cases the progression was local, and in 3 patients distant metastases were found. In retrospective analysis we did not found statistically significant differences in results of sonographic examinations I, II, and III between patients with remission and progression of cervical cancer. Conclusions: TVS is useful for estimation of uterine cervix during radiation therapy due to locally advanced cervical cancer, but its usefulness in prediction of progression of the cancer is rather low. The value of the assessment of RI in descending branches of uterine arteries in monitoring the treatment of the cervical cancer was not confirmed.