Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Signatures of contextual interference in implicit sensorimotor adaptation

Contextual interference refers to the phenomenon whereby a blocked practice schedule results in faster acquisition but poorer retention of new motor skills compared to a random practice schedule. While contextual interference has been observed under a broad range of tasks, it remains unclear if this effect generalizes to the implicit and automatic recalibration of an overlearned motor skill. To address this question, we compared blocked and random practice schedules on a reaching task in which we used a feedback perturbation method that isolates implicit adaptation. The degree of implicit adaptation was quantified as the change in hand angle in the opposite direction of the perturbation, and retention was quantified as the percent of adaptation remaining after visual feedback was extinguished. In two experiments, participants tested under a random practice schedule exhibited slower implicit adaptation, but better retention compared to participants tested under a blocked practice schedule, the signature of contextual interference. These results indicate that contextual interference is not limited to the acquisition of new motor skills but also applies to the implicit adaptation of established motor skills.
Bacterial Community Structure of Acid-Impacted Lakes: What Controls Diversity? (cid:1) †

Although it is recognized that acidiﬁcation of freshwater systems results in decreased overall species richness of plants and animals, little is known about the response of aquatic microbial communities to acidiﬁcation. In this study we examined bacterioplankton community diversity and structure in 18 lakes located in the Adirondack Park (in the state of New York in the United States) that were affected to various degrees by acidic deposition and assessed correlations with 31 physical and chemical parameters. The pH of these lakes ranged from 4.9 to 7.8. These studies were conducted as a component of the Adirondack Effects Assessment Program supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Thirty-one independent 16S rRNA gene libraries consisting of 2,135 clones were constructed from epilimnion and hypolimnion water samples. Bacterioplankton community composition was determined by sequencing and ampliﬁed ribosomal DNA restriction analysis of the clone libraries. Nineteen bacterial classes representing 95 subclasses were observed, but clone libraries were dominated by representatives of the Actinobacteria and Betaproteobacteria classes. Although the diversity and richness of bacterioplankton communities were positively correlated with pH, the overall community composition assessed by principal component analysis was not. The strongest correlations were observed between bacterioplankton communities and lake depth, hydraulic retention time, dissolved inorganic carbon, and nonlabile monomeric aluminum concentrations. While there was not an overall correlation between bacterioplankton community structure and pH, several bacterial classes, including the Alphaproteobacteria , were directly correlated with acidity. These results indicate that unlike more identi-ﬁable correlations between acidity and species richness for higher trophic levels, controls on bacterioplankton community structure are likely more complex, involving both direct and indirect processes.
InfluenzaAntibody-Mediated Protection against MHC Class II Molecules Rapidly Induces DNA Vaccine that Targets Hemagglutinin to

New inﬂuenza A viruses with pandemic potential periodically emerge due to viral genomic reassortment. In the face of pandemic threats, production of conventional egg-based vaccines is time consuming and of limited capacity. We have developed in this study a novel DNA vaccine in which viral hemagglutinin (HA) is bivalently targeted to MHC class II (MHC II) molecules on APCs. Following DNAvaccination, transfected cells secreted vaccine proteins that bound MHC II on APCs and initiated adaptive immune responses. A single DNA immunization induced within 8 d protective levels of strain-speciﬁc Abs and also cross-reactive T cells. During the Mexican ﬂu pandemic, a targeted DNAvaccine (HA from A/California/07/2009) was generated within 3 wk after the HA sequences were published online. These results suggest that MHC II–targeted DNA vaccines could play a role in situations of pandemic threats. The vaccine principle should be extendable to other infectious diseases. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 191: 000–000.
The unmitigated profile of COVID-19 infectiousness 1

11 Quantifying the temporal dynamics of infectiousness of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 is crucial 12 for understanding the spread of COVID-19 and for evaluating the effectiveness of mitigation 13 strategies. Many studies have estimated the infectiousness profile using observed serial intervals. 14 However, statistical and epidemiological biases could lead to underestimation of the duration of 15 infectiousness. We correct for these biases by curating data from the initial outbreak of the pandemic 16 in China (when mitigation was minimal), and find that the infectiousness profile of the original strain 17 is longer than previously thought. Sensitivity analysis shows our results are robust to model structure, 18 assumed growth rate and potential observational biases. Although unmitigated transmission data is 19 lacking for variants of concern (VOC), previous analyses suggest that the alpha and delta variants have 20 faster within-host kinetics, which we extrapolate to crude estimates of variant-specific unmitigated 21 generation intervals. Knowing the unmitigated infectiousness profile of infected individuals can 22 inform estimates of the effectiveness of isolation and quarantine measures. The framework presented 23 here can help design better quarantine policies in early stages of future epidemics. 24 25 Impact Statement 26 In the absence of COVID-19 mitigation measures, SARS-CoV-2 remains infectious for longer than 27 previously estimated. 28
WHICH IS BETTER AND WHY? A PROSPECTIVE RESEARCH ON INTENSIVE PHOTOTHERAPY AND EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION (ECT) FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF JAUNDICE IN NEONATES

: Objectives: Research objective was the assessment of the intensive phototherapy effectiveness for the exchange transfusion requirement reduction and phototherapy duration. Methods: Our research design was prospective which included historical controls and it was carried out at Sir Gangaram Hospital, Lahore (January to August, 2017) including 360 children (newborns) diagnosed with an indirect hyperbilirubinemia. We made two groups of the total population respective Group “ A ” and “ B ” having 183 in “ A ” group which was also named as (Bili sphere group) were managed with Bilisphere-360 in comparison to the 177 newborns in Group “ B ” also named as (Controls) were managed through conventional phototherapy. Detailed clinical assessment was carried out in both “ A ” and “ B ” groups including laboratory investigations. Results: We found in the research outcomes that exchange transfusion was reduced in 19 cases (10.4%) with the use of Bilisphere-360 in Group “ A ” against 130 cases of controls (73.4%) with a significant P-value as (< 0.001); we found a reduction in the serum bilirubin level as exchange transfusion in subjects and controls was respectively (6.7 mg / dl, 24.9%) and (6.9 mg / dl 22.7%); the phototherapy duration was also shortened in both subjects and controls respectively as (2.7 days) and (4.2 days) with a significant P-value of (< 0.001). Conclusion: It is established fact as an outcome of the under-hand research that Bilisphere-360 is very effective to treat an indirect pathological hyperbilirubinemia because exchange transfusion lowers the total Serum Bilirubin when the level is in the range of (2 – 3 mg / dl, 34 – 51umol / l) of exchange level. Phototherapy duration can be reduced with the management of Bilisphere-360 along with the exchange transfusion reduction because of the effectiveness of Bilisphere-360.
A Complete Classification of the Isolated Singularities for Nonlinear Elliptic Equations With Inverse Square Potentials

In this paper, the author considers semilinear elliptic equations of the form $-\Delta u- \frac{\lambda}{|x|^2}u +b(x)\,h(u)=0$ in $\Omega\setminus\{0\}$, where $\lambda$ is a parameter with $-\infty 0$. The author completely classifies the behaviour near zero of all positive solutions of equation (0.1) when $h$ is regularly varying at $\infty$ with index $q$ greater than $1$ (that is, $\lim_{t\to \infty} h(\xi t)/h(t)=\xi^q$ for every $\xi>0$). In particular, the author's results apply to equation (0.1) with $h(t)=t^q (\log t)^{\alpha_1}$ as $t\to \infty$ and $b(x)=|x|^\theta (-\log |x|)^{\alpha_2}$ as $|x|\to 0$, where $\alpha_1$ and $\alpha_2$ are any real numbers.
Predictive Biomarkers for Immunotherapy in Melanoma

Advanced melanoma is an aggressive tumor that is difficult to treat. Yet new immunotherapeutic strategies are dramatically improving clinical outcomes. Especially Dendritic Cell (DC) vaccination shows promising outcomes at relative low cost when compared to Adoptive Cell Therapy (ACT) and immune checkpoint inhibition. However, not all patients respond to immunotherapy equally and the costly treatments can cause severe toxicities. Therefore, identification of predictive biomarkers to enable selection of patients that are eligible for immunotherapies is of utmost importance in order to improve treatment efficacy and reduce overall cost as well as toxicities. Focus of current investigations lies on the composition of the tumor microenvironment, as an immune-active tumor microenvironment seems to be beneficial for the effect of immunotherapy. Here, we review immunotherapies in melanoma with focus on immune checkpoint inhibition and DC vaccination. Our objective is to give an overview on the recent state of predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy in melanoma.
Management of OCD Co-Morbid with Depression

Depressive disorder has been known to co-exist with OCD since a very long time. Studies reported that presence of mood state (disorder) in patients having primary OCD could pose challenges in management. Literature favours use of cognitive behaviour therapy in managing symptoms severity in OCD. Present study attempts to look its role on co-morbid depressive disorder as well as on primary obsessive compulsive symptoms. Pre and post intervention with a control group design were made to conduct this study involving 20 OCD patients, which were equally divided in two groups. One group was given cognitive intervention sessions for 10 weeks. Pre and post intervention assessment was done using YBOCS and BDI and results were compared. Obtained data indicates that there is noticeable decrease in composite YBOCS and BDI scores at post intervention stage, in the group which has been given cognitive intervention as compared to the control group. Finding reveals that cognitive intervention has a role in improving the co-morbid depressive features along with remission of primary obsessive compulsive symptoms in OCD patients.
Measurements in Transitional Boundary Layers Under High Free-Stream Turbulence and Strong Acceleration Conditions

Measurements from transitional, heated boundary layers along a concave-curved test wall are presented and discussed. A boundary layer subject to low free-stream turbulence intensity (FSTI), which contains stationary streamwise (Gortler) vortices, is documented. The low FSTI measurements are followed by measurements in boundary layers subject to high (initially 8%) free-stream turbulence intensity and moderate to strong streamwise acceleration. Conditions were chosen to simulate those present on the downstream half of the pressure side of a gas turbine airfoil. Mean flow characteristics as well as turbulence statistics, including the turbulent shear stress, turbulent heat flux, and turbulent Prandtl number, are documented. A technique called "octant analysis" is introduced and applied to several cases from the literature as well as to data from the present study. Spectral analysis was applied to describe the effects of turbulence scales of different sizes during transition. To the authors'knowledge, this is the first detailed documentation of boundary layer transition under such high free-stream turbulence conditions.
Ultrasound-Guided Totally Implantable Venous Access: Comparison between Arm and Chest Ports in Solid Organ Cancer Patients

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety, technical feasibility, and complications of ultrasound-guided placement of totally implantable venous access ports (TIVAPs) in the arm compared to the chest for patients with cancer in a single center. Methods: We retrospectively identified 371 patients who underwent TIVAP implantation in the upper arm or chest between July 2018 and June 2019. Implantation via the upper arm (arm port) or the jugular vein (chest port) was performed under sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance after administering local anesthesia. Medical records were reviewed to determine technical success, complications, and the causes of port removal were analyzed. Results: In total, 371 devices were implanted, 252 in the upper arm (n = 252) and 119 in the upper chest wall (n = 119). The technical success rate was 100%. There were fewer complications observed in the arm port group compared to the chest port group (13 vs 23 patients; 5.2% vs 19.3%), which was statistically significant (P = 0.002). The chest port group developed more complications per 1000 catheter days and had a higher total complication rate than the arm port group (P < 0.001). Local infection with abscess and wound dehiscence were the most common cause of port removal. Multivariate analysis showed that the implantable port in the arm involved a less complicated procedure (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Implantation of TIVAPs in the upper arm is a safe and feasible procedure with a low rate of complications. TIVAPs in the upper arm may be a good alternative to TIVAPs in the chest.
Valuing the Arts: A Contingent Valuation Approach Valuing the Arts: A Contingent Valuation Approach

Government funding of the arts has received considerable attention in the United States in recent years. Efforts to cut funding to the National Endowment for the Arts and declining budgets for state arts agencies have raised questions about how much individuals value the arts. This paper applies the contingent valuation method to assess this value, using surveys of random households and of arts patrons. Our analysis estimated a mean will- ingness to pay (WTP) among all Kentucky households from $6 to $27, depending on the estimation technique used and on whether the scenario discussed is to increase arts per- formances by 25 per cent, or to avoid a 25 per cent or 50 per cent decrease in the number of performances. Among arts patron households, the mean WTP ranges from $61 to $132. Consumer demand for arts performances in large part follows a predictable pattern. The likelihood of respondents agreeing to make the donation that is requested rises as the size of the donation decreases. The likelihood is higher to avoid a 50 per cent decline in per- formances than to avoid a 25 per cent decline in performances. The mean WTP rises with income, and arts patron households have a much higher WTP than all households. WTP rises with on-site use factors such as frequency of attendance. The WTP also rises for arts patrons households with off-site use such as watching arts events on television or reading about the arts in newspapers and magazines.
The Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management Training and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Interleukin 12 in patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Introduction: The levels of Biomarkers such as interleukin 12 (IL-12) are elevated in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM) training and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on IL-12 in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. The statistical population included all female patients with Relapsing–Remitting MS who had referred to Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Sina Hospital. 30 patients were selected by convenient sampling method and were replaced randomly into two experimental groups and one control group (each group included 10 patients). One of the experimental groups received the CBSM training and another experimental group received the ACT. To measure IL-12, the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measurement. Results: The results showed that ACT had no significant effect on IL-12 (p>0.05), but CBSM training significantly reduced IL-12 and these results remained in the follow-up period (p<0.001). Discussion: Relaxation techniques in CBSM can increase diaphragmatic breathing and decrease stress experience, including cortisol levels and stress. Subsequently, physiological symptoms reduce stress and thus affect the level of biomarkers like IL-12. Therefore, it can be useful in improving biological parameters in patients with MS.
AN ENGEL CONDITION WITH GENERALIZED DERIVATIONS ON LIE IDEALS

Let $R$ be a prime ring, with extended centroid $C$, $g$ a non-zero generalized derivation of $R$, $L$ a non-central Lie ideal of $R$, $k\geq 1$ a fixed integer. If $[g(u),u]_k=0$, for all $u$, then either $g(x)=ax$, with $a \in C$ or $R$ satisfies the standard identity $s_4$. Moreover in the latter case either $char(R)=2$ or $char(R)\neq 2$ and $g(x)=ax+xb$ , with $a,b \in Q$ and $a-b\in C$. We also prove a more generalized version by replacing $L$ with the set $[I,I]$, where $I$ is a right ideal of $R$.
RRU_A_330586 793..798

1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; 2Department of Urology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; 3West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; 4Department of Anesthesiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA Background: In this study, we aim to compare outcomes after cystotomy repair between standard sutures (910 polyglactin, poliglecaprone) versus barbed (V-Loc 90) suture. As a secondary outcome, we analyzed factors for suture preference between the two groups. Methods: A retrospective chart review was undertaken for surgeries complicated by cystotomy, identified by ICD-9/10 codes from 2016 to 2019 at West Virginia University (WVU) Hospital. Comparisons were made between cystotomy repair using barbed suture versus standard braided suture. Injuries were categorized by procedure, surgical route, type of suture used in repair, and subsequent complications related to repair. Primary endpoints were examined by Pearson’s Chi-square test and interval data by t-test. A p < 0.05 was significant. Results: Sixty-eight patients were identified with iatrogenic cystotomy at WVU. Barbed suture was used for cystotomy repair in 11/68 (16.2%) patients. No significant difference was seen in postoperative outcomes between patients repaired with barbed suture versus standard braided suture. Barbed suture was significantly more likely to be used for cystotomy repair in minimally invasive surgery (p = 0.001). It was most often utilized in a robotic approach 7/11 (63.6%) followed by laparoscopic 3/11 (27.3%). Body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in patients receiving a barbed suture repair (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Barbed suture may be comparable to standard braided suture for cystotomy repair. Barbed suture may offer a practical alternative to facilitate cystotomy repair in minimally invasive surgery, especially in patients with a high BMI.
CCIDE_A_263852 351..357

1Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen; 3Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; 4Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 5Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the types of orthodontic treatment provided by Indonesian orthodontists and to analyse their perspectives on the ideal time to initiate orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Google Drive questionnaire template. This electronic questionnaire was sent to a sample of orthodontists across different regions of Indonesia. The participants were asked to report the stage at which they would start orthodontic treatment, as well as answer questions about occlusal abnormalities and functional problems. Descriptive statistics for all variables were determined, including both practice characteristics and orthodontic treatment timing. Results: A total of 152 orthodontists agreed to participate in the study, of which 64.5% were female and 35.5% were male. Indonesian orthodontists prefer two-phase orthodontic treatment. Sucking habits and open bite were found to be the most frequent indications for treatment in the primary dentition. Anterior crossbite was found to be the most frequent indication for treatment during the early mixed dentition stage. Severe Class II was found to be the most frequent indication for treatment during the late mixed dentition stage. Indonesian orthodontists are more concerned about impacted canines and midline diastema than other occlusal deviations in the permanent dentition. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we can conclude that Indonesian orthodontists favor two-phase orthodontic treatment. They also prefer to treat sucking habits and open bite in the primary dentition, anterior crossbite in the early mixed dentition, and severe Class II during the late mixed dentition stage.
Survival Trend of Lead Solubilizing Strains of Pseudomonas Species in Lead Polluted Soil Samples Biodegradation

The survival of three Lead (Pb) solubilising strains of Pseudomonas species (B6, D4, and E4), with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ability of Lead (Pb) greater than 500 mg/l were monitored when seeded into two different lead polluted soil samples. The bacterial population was studied over Ninety days in sterilized and un- sterilized polluted soil samples of different textures. The outcome revealed a general gradual decrease in the bacterial population of the isolates ranges from 22.0% to 56.6% over the 90 days but with higher survival strength in the sterilized soil samples than un-sterilized samples. Pseudomonas strain B6 shows percentage reduction value of 22.9% and 33.3% respectively in sterilized silty-clay polluted soil samples and loamy polluted soil samples, strain D4 shows 25.5% survival in silt-clay and 56% in loamy soil samples while E4 shows 35.5% and 22.0% population reduction in the two respective soil samples. This study reports the essential of adequate knowledge of physico- chemical characteristics of soil environment as well as necessary biotic factors for survival of any isolates intended to be used in bioaugmentation for the remediation of polluted soils.
Sociodemographic parameterS of parentS and Sexual characteriSticS among male teenagerS in ogbomoSo, South weSt nigeria

results: The mean age of the teenagers was 15.45±1.62 years. One or more sexual exposure had been experienced by74 (61.4%) of the 120 teenagers, and 38(51.4%) of these teenagers had more than one sexual partners. Ninety three (77.5%) were aware of the methods of preventing pregnancy. There was a statistical significant relationship between family setting, social class and sexual characteristics of these teenagers. conclusion: Education and socioeconomic empowerment of parents promotes communication between parents and their teenagers, thereby improving the reproductive health of their teenagers.