Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Essays on Organizational Design and Teams

Since Adam Smith’s “The Wealth of Nations” the division of labor and specialization of workforce have been viewed as an elementary organizational principle. Recent theoretical and empirical research has brought into consideration broader elements of organizational design, focusing on flexible workplace practices, the structure of incentives, and the behavioral aspects of workplace interactions. However, the theoretical literature mainly considers team building and organizational design as exogenous parameters. This dissertation endogenizes these choice variables, focusing on organizational design and teams from three divergent perspectives: that of agents, that of managers, and that of firms. The first chapter develops a group work model with endogenous team size and analyzes how overconfidence influences optimal size and welfare of teams. The second chapter endogenizes a manager’s optimal number of direct reports and shows how managers can exploit their organizational authority to shield themselves against replacement. The third chapter investigates a firm’s optimal organizational strategy and offers a new informational and incentive-based explanation for the use of job rotation. This dissertation enriches the debate on factors relevant to decisions about team size, contributes to the literature on incentives created by organizational change and, more generally, to the research on endogenous job design. Our results outline that overconfidence fosters team formation and can increase the welfare of agents in team settings. Team size and task allocation also play roles in maintaining managerial power through the strategy of “divide et impera”. Questions of optimal task assignment and organizational design show how in the presence of implicit incentives job rotation may emerge endogenously.
Evaluation of topically applied probiotic treatment on localized aggressive periodontitis patients: A split mouth study

Aim: This study aims to evaluate clinically the effect of probiotic treatment on localized aggressive periodontitis patients. Subjects and methods: This study was designed as a randomized, controlled, split mouth clinical trial, carried out on localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) which having almost two identical sites with clinical probing depth of ≥ 5 mm. Two contralateral sites were randomly divided into two groups, Group I: received conventional periodontal treatment, scaling and root planning combined with topical application of probiotic. Group II: received conventional periodontal treatment, scaling and root planning only. Patients were evaluated clinically using the following parameters: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) and radiographically by radiographic bone density (pixel) at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months. Results: Clinical and radiographic results of this study showed that: there were a significant reduction for assessed variables (Plaque Index, gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level and significant increase in radiographic bone density in probiotic group compared to group II. Conclusion: Adjunctive use of topically applied probiotic appeared to be beneficial effect in localized aggressive periodontitis patients when compared with scaling and root planning alone.
Dyslexia: neurobiology, clinical features, evaluation and management

Neurobiology helps us understand the processes that drive neurological processes including dyslexia. This article outlines the neurobiology underpinning typical reading skills and those seen in dyslexia, which is characterized by problems with accurate or fluent word recognition, poor decoding, and poor spelling abilities. There are exciting new developments in the neurobiological changes resulting from educational interventions for dyslexia, though more research is needed in this regard. This article also outlines the clinical features of dyslexia across the developmental span, and provides guidance to clinicians about referral to community resources and advocacy for families to seek educational interventions. Screening and diagnostic tools are described, as are interventions for remediation and accommodations for dyslexia across the educational span.
Towards Green Growth in Asia and the Pacific

+ The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the UNIDO secretariat or UNIDO member countries. I am grateful to the panelists and the audience of the Round Table “Prosperity for Asia’s Billions: Green Growth and Poverty Reduction” at the 14 General Conference of UNIDO, November 29, 2011, for their constructive comments and discussions. I also thank Seiichiro Hisakawa, Takao Otsuka and other staff of UNIDO’s Asia and the Pacific Program for their comments, encouragement and assistance. I also thank Hyung-suk Byun for his excellent research assistance.
Impact of Hydrofluoric Acid Etching Duration on Translucency, Flexural Strength and Surface Topography of Lithium Silicate Based Glass Ceramic

Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to assess the effect of different hydrofluoric acid etching durations on the translucency, flexural strength and surface topography of a lithium silicate-based glass ceramic (LS). Materials and Methods: Forty LS (Obsidian) samples will were constructed and divided into four groups (n=10 each) according the duration of hydrofluoric acid (HF) application including group (I); (control) as received samples without surface treatment, group (II); ceramic surfaces etched with HF for 10 seconds; following the manufacturer’s recommendations, group (III); ceramic surfaces etched with HF for 30 seconds and group (IV); ceramic surfaces etched with HF for 60 seconds. All treated samples were evaluated for translucency (TP) using spectrophotometer, flexural strength using universal testing machine and surface topographic analysis using SEM and profilometer. Obtained values were statistically analyzed. Results: The highest mean value of translucency and biaxial flexural strength were recorded at the control group. Values then gradually decreased in the subsequent etching times to reach its lowest level after 60 seconds. While the lowest mean value of surface roughness (Ra) was recorded at control group. The mean Ra value gradually increased with the subsequent increase in etching times to reach its highest level after 60 seconds. Conclusions: Increasing HF acid etching duration negatively affects the translucency of lithium silicate based glass ceramic; while it has no effect on its biaxial flexural strength or its surface roughness (Ra). Key WordsBiaxial flexural strength (FS), LS (Obsidian), surface roughness, translucency.
Order Splitting and Interacting with a Counterparty

Institutional investors have a strong incentive to find natural counterparties to trade larger amounts at lower costs. We show theoretically that order splitting may facilitate this search, as it gradually signals one's trading interest to the market and helps detect the presence of counterparties. Empirically, we confirm that investors can detect counterparties in real-time, in which case they adjust their strategy accordingly. A one-standard deviation increase in natural counterparty trading volume correlates with a 14.2% increase in order size and reduces the average implementation shortfall to close to zero.
The Effects of Peer Tutoring on School-Aged Students with Moderate to Severe Disabilities in Physical Education

The purpose of this synthesis was to examine the existing scholarly knowledge regarding impact of peer tutoring programs on students with disabilities and typically developing students in physical education. Previous research identified several factors that contributed to the benefits and barriers of peer tutoring programs in physical education. Studies reviewed within the critical mass had common themes such as increase in socialization among students, engagement in activities, and improvement of skills. Common barriers that were discovered included, time consuming program, non-trained peer tutors, and peer tutors not participating in activities. Peer tutoring is an instructional strategy that is thought to be difficult to implement, however the benefits outweigh the barriers. Although, previous research notes peer tutoring program being effective and impactful on both students with and without disabilities in physical education, further research is necessary. Further research should study the effects of removing paraeducator proximity while implementing peer tutoring programs.
Community Policing And Crime Prevention: Evaluating The Role Of Traditional Leaders Under Chief Madliwa In Nkayi District, Zimbabwe

Community policing is a strategic consideration for contemporary policing, especially when police organisations worldwide increasingly seek cost-effective and sustainable methods of combating crime. The principle of community policing recognises the community and its leaders as equal partners in the prevention and reduction of crime. Hence, there is a need for research to interrogate how different police organisations have considered community policing as a panacea to their policing challenges. This study sought to evaluate the role of traditional leaders in community policing and crime prevention in the community of Chief Madliwa, Nkayi District in Matabeleland North Province of Zimbabwe. Interviews were carried out with eight village heads, four headmen and three key informants. Four focus group discussions were conducted to collect the villagers’ insight on the role of traditional leaders in community policing and crime prevention. Participants were identified using purposive and convenience sampling. The findings revealed that community policing is an effective strategy for crime prevention and that traditional leaders play a pivotal role in the success of community policing and crime prevention. Traditional leaders play an integral role in the recruitment of members of the Neighbourhood Watch Committee, assist with organising the business community to cooperate with the police in the fight against crime and play an important role in organising the community to attend crime awareness campaigns arranged by the police.
file://C:\Documents and Settings\Marcelo\My Documents\Cursos Va

This paper considers the roles and competencies of the e-tutor. A literature review shows that different roles are assigned to the online tutors. Definitions of these roles are presented and discussed. Afterwards, we present eleven roles we consider important to manage the interactions between learners and tutors in an e-learning environment and the competencies needed to support these tutor’s roles. We conclude that to improve the quality of e-learning the tutor’s interventions have to be adapted to a specific context and we propose to train the e-tutors for these roles.
Microscopic features of the renal collecting system in goat (Capra hircus)

Histological features of goat Renal Collecting System (RCS) revealed collecting tubules lined by simple cuboidal epithelium forming papillary ducts deep in medulla. Epithelium changed to transitional type at the tip of renal crest which had numerous papillary duct openings. Renal pelvis lined by transitional epithelium. Sub epithelial tissue of renal pelvis consisted thick wavy bundles of collagen fibres. Thickness of renal pelvis wall decreased towards the edges of renal crest. Inner mucosa of ureter showed 5 to 8 folds projecting into the lumen giving it a star shaped structure. Transitional epithelium of 8 to 10 cell layers lined the ureter below which was propria-submucosa. Tunica muscularis of ureter had three layers of which the inner layer was inconstant, whereas the middle layer was distinctly circular and continuous. Renal pelvis and ureteral segments showed mild reaction to PAS and PAS-AB which was restricted to surface lining of epithelium and basement membrane.
Socialization Agents That Puerto Rican College Students Use to Make Financial Decisions

Using consumer socialization theory as theoretical framework, the purpose of this quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study was to identify the information sources that Puerto Ricans college students use to gather financial knowledge. A sample of 198 Puerto Rican college students answered a portion of the College Student Financial Literacy Survey. The research question addressed the preference of four financial information sources, including parents, peers, media, and school. A combination of descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, repeated-measures analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression confirmed that participants preferred to gather financial knowledge from parents. Researchers, educators, and policymakers may use this study as a foundation for the development of effective financial education strategies that will promote positive social change in Puerto Rico.
Impact of Macroeconomic Factors and Political Events on the Market Index Returns at Palestine and Amman Stock Markets (2011–2017)

This study aims to investigate the effect of macroeconomic factors on Palestine and Amman Stock Exchange returns. Also, the study handles the political events in the area and their impact on Palestine and Amman stock markets returns. This study appliedthe macro-econometric model based on Arbitrage Pricing Theory. In addition, themost important political events are selected, and their effect was tested using the event study methodology. The results show that the consumer price index, gross domesticproduct, and exchange rate have a significant impact on stock index returns, but industrial production index and balance of trade have no significant effect. In addition, theresults reveal that the political events have a significant effect on Palestine and Amman stock markets returns. For instance, at Palestine Stock Exchange, seven out of eleven events had a significant impact on the Palestinian general index returns. Regarding the Amman Stock Exchange, there were nine out of eleven events, which had a significant impact on the Jordanian general index returns. The main results show that themacroeconomic factors and political events have a significant impact on the Palestine and Amman stock market returns. Both Palestine and Amman Stock Markets are inefficient and the markets do not absorb uncertain information and noisy events.
Bacteriological Studies on Escherichia Coli Infection in Rabbits

A total number of 125 diseased rabbits collected from different farms in Port said Governorate during the period from January 2016 till March 2017 showing clinical signs of colisepticaemia ,with average age of 1-2 month were examined, 625 collected samples from liver, Intestine ,spleen, kidney and Heart blood (30.4%,29%,8.7%,17.4% and14.5%) were positive for E.coli respectively. These isolates were further characterized by polymerase chain reaction. E.coli was isolated in 525 of the 625samples (84%). The isolated E.coli strain were found to belong to O stereotypes in order of frequency O 153, O 125, O 27,O158 and Untypable (28%,16%,24%,12% and 20) isolates respectively. Based on PCR, All examined E.coli were positive100 %( 5/5) for phoA virulence gene, while 60 %( 3/5) of the tested E.coli isolates were positive to eaeA gene while 20 %( 1/5) of the tested E.coli isolates were positive to Tsh gene,while all tested isolates gave negative electrophoresis of Shiga-Like Toxin gene (stx1 and stx2). Introduction Rabbit is one of the best white meats available on the market today because it has high percentage of easily digestible protein. Rabbits are easy to raise and can be produced by all strata of our society under good management and using modern farming techniques.E. coli is usually present in the alimentary tract of healthy rabbits, and does not normally cause diarrhea. However, enteropathogenic strains can be transferred from the doe to her kits through fecal contact (Okerman, 1994). Certain serotypes of this bacterium have acquired some virulence-associated genes that enable them to cause intestinal or extra-intestinal disease. Those serotypes that cause enteric infections are generally called diarrheagenic E. coli strains, and their pathogenesis is associated with a number of virulence attributes, which vary according to pathotype (Xia et al., 2010). Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) is the only known class of E. coli in rabbits which induces acute intestinal pathology marked by inflammatory lesions of the gut where these E. coli are strictly located (Licois, 2004). Recent identification of pathogenic
Biomineralized Bimetallic Oxide Nanotheranostics for Multimodal Imaging-Guided Combination Therapy

The hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment (TME) often hinders the effectiveness of cancer treatments, especially O2-dependent photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methods: An integrated iridium oxide (IrO2)-manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanotheranostic agent was fabricated through bovine serum albumin (BSA)-based biomineralization of Ir3+ and Mn2+. BSA was first covalently modified with chlorin e6 (Ce6), and used to fabricate multifunctional BSA-Ce6@IrO2/MnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) for computed X-ray tomography (CT) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging-guided PDT and photothermal (PTT) therapy of cancer. Extensive in vitro and in vivo studies were performed. Results: The theranostic agent produced can relieve tumor hypoxia by the decomposition of endogenous H2O2 in cancer cells to oxygen. The oxygen generated can be exploited for improved PDT. Paramagnetic Mn2+ released from the NPs in the acidic TME permits magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to be performed. The exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency (65.3%) and high X-ray absorption coefficient of IrO2 further endow the NPs with the ability to be used in computed CT and PA imaging. Extensive antitumor studies demonstrated that the BSA-Ce6@IrO2/MnO2 nanoplatform inhibits cancer cell growth, particularly after combined PTT and PDT. Systematic in vivo biosafety evaluations confirmed the high biocompatibility of the nanoplatform. Conclusion: This work not only provides a novel strategy for designing albumin-based nanohybrids for theranostic applications but also provides a facile approach for extending the biomedical applications of iridium-based materials.
TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL CAMPAIGNS FOR OPPORTUNISTIC RADIO SPECTRUM ACCESS FOR EFFICIENT RADIO SPECTRUM UTILIZATION AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

This paper advocates for replacement of the current fixed allocation policy for the radio spectrum access and usage with opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) based on the imbalance the fixed allocation policy has created between radio spectrum scarcity and underutilization. In supporting the proposal, justification was made from technical and economical perspectives. From the technical point of view, it was practically demonstrated through radio spectrum occupancy measurements conducted that spectrum holes, which is the primary requirement for OSA is available in the nation’s current licensed spectrum. Similarly, from the economic point of view, the paper makes it clear that if the use of the current fixed allocation policy for radio spectrum access and usage is contributing so much now to the gross domestic product (GDP) of nations despite its current disadvantages, there is potential of getting more from it if the access and usage of the radio spectrum can be replaced with OSA. Also, the results of the radio spectrum occupancy measurements conducted show clearly that the current fixed radio spectrum allocation policy is grossly inefficient with over 70% of the licensed spectrum unutilized in space, time and frequency. Based on this disadvantage, this paper advocates for the replacement of the current fixed radio spectrum allocation policy with flexible policy for both the efficient radio spectrum access and usage.
NEED OF A NEXT GENERATION SEVERE ACCIDENT CODE

Two international severe accident benchmark problems have been performed recently by using several existing parametric severe accident codes: The Benchmark Study of the Accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (BSAF) and the Benchmark of the In-Vessel Melt Retention (IVMR) Analysis of a VVER-1000 Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The BSAF project was organized by the Nuclear Power Engineering Center (NUPEC) of the Institute of Applied Energy (IAE) in Japan for the three Boiling Water Reactors (BWRs) of the Fukushima NPP. The IVMR Project was organized by the Joint Research Center (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) in Holland (Europe) for a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). The obtained results of both projects have shown very large discrepancies between the used severe accident codes for both reactor types BWR and PWR. Consequently, the results for a real plant analysis by these integral codes, may not be correct after the beginning of core melt. Discrepancies of results of ex-vessel phenomena in the containment between the codes are in general larger. Therefore, there is a strong need for a reliable new generation mechanistic severe accident code which can simulate severe accident scenarios from an initiating event till containment failure with better accuracy not only for existing light water reactors but also for new generation IV reactor types. SAMPSON mechanistic ex-vessel modules coupled with SCDAPSIM and a new thermal-hydraulic module ASYST-ISA with particularly newly developed options for the reactor coolant system (RCS) and material properties applicable to new reactor deigns, is proposed as a best etimate new generation severe accident code for several reasons which are described in this paper.Keywords: Severe accident, SAMPSON, SCDAPSIM, ASYST-ISA, Steam explosion, Hydrogen detonation
NaHSO4-SiO2: An Efficient Reusable Green Catalyst for Selective C-3 Propargylation of Indoles with Tertiary Propargylic Alcohols

Although several methods for the preparation of 4 o propargyl indole derivatives have been published, this synthetic transformation is complicated by the tendency of 3 o propargyl alcohols to form allenium intermediates in acidic media. It is therefore a challenge to find an efficient method for the C-3 propargylation of indoles with 3° propargylic alcohols. In this paper we wish to report on the successful application of silica gel impregnated with NaHSO4 as catalyst for the preparation of 4 o propargyl indole derivatives.