Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti‐correlated variability in subduction rate of the western and eastern North Pacific Oceans identified by an eddy‐resolving ocean GCM

Analysis of results from an eddy‐resolving ocean general circulation model has revealed the existence of an anti‐correlated variability in subduction rate of the western and eastern North Pacific Oceans, consistent with the leading mode of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). A composite analysis shows that during the positive phase of PDO, the winter mixed layer depth (MLD) generally gets deeper in the west and shallower in the east, being closely related to the variability in surface heat flux stemming from an enhanced Aleutian Low, and the situation during the negative phase of PDO is reversed. Changes in MLD are primarily responsible for the anti‐correlated variability in subduction rate, though changes in subtropical gyre circulation also play a role. The result also provides useful evidence for the interior and western boundary pathways, through which variability in eastern subtropical mode water can be conveyed into the equatorial region.
Exploring the GIS Knowledge Domain Using CiteSpace

Since the 1980s, geographic information systems (GIS) have developed rapidly and have been applied widely in the social, natural, and space sciences. In line with this explosive development and use, thousands of articles have been published on GIS, detailing both technical development and application-oriented research. Given this flood of material over the past thirty years, the purpose of this article is to apply a suite of scientometric and bibliometric approaches to help discover and benchmark the most important and highly cited papers in this burgeoning field. Not only do these techniques facilitate the connection of research themes and authors in the GIS community, but the approaches help highlight how research interests and foci evolve over time, greatly contributing to our understanding of the GIS knowledge domain. Although the scale and scope of this analysis are somewhat limited, the outlined method is highly generalizable and its results show that several key publications have helped forge the field and facilitate new trends in the literature.
Asymptotics for skew standard Young tableaux via bounds for characters

We are interested in the asymptotics of the number of standard Young tableaux $f^{\lambda/\mu}$ of a given skew shape $\lambda/\mu$. We mainly restrict ourselves to the case where both diagrams are balanced, but investigate all growth regimes of $|\mu|$ compared to $|\lambda|$, from $|\mu|$ fixed to $|\mu|$ of order $|\lambda|$. When $|\mu|=o(|\lambda|^{1/3})$, we get an asymptotic expansion to any order. When $|\mu|=o(|\lambda|^{1/2})$, we get a sharp upper bound. For bigger $|\mu|$, we prove a weaker bound and give a conjecture on what we believe to be the correct order of magnitude. Our results are obtained by expressing $f^{\lambda/\mu}$ in terms of irreducible character values of the symmetric group and applying known upper bounds on characters.
Winter fluxes of greenhouse gases from snow‐covered agricultural soil:intra‐annual and interannual variations

Despite the length of winter in cold temperate climates, few studies refer to greenhouse gas emissions from soils during the nongrowing season. In this study, N2O and CO2 fluxes from agricultural and forest soils in southeastern Quebec (Canada) were measured during winter and spring from 1994 to 1997, and the influences of climate, soil, and snow properties on the gaseous emissions were examined. N2O fluxes were far greater from the agricultural soil (2‐187 ng N2O m−2 s−1) than from the forest soil (< 3 ng N2O m−2 s−1), but CO2 fluxes were equivalent for both soil systems (2‐102 μ CO2 m−2 s−1). The higher N2O concentrations in the lower soil horizons could be explained by positive temperature gradients with depth and concomitant negative gas solubility gradients. However, the higher N2O concentrations could also be explained by variations in the expression of N2O reductase with depth, which can modify the N2/N2O ratios in relation to the availability of O2. Calculated N2O‐N fluxes showed that N losses by gaseous emissions from soils during winter and spring were comparable to, or exceeded, similar reported N losses during the growing season. The highest winter fluxes observed in 1997 were interpreted to be due to favorable meteorological conditions that prevailed for denitrification through high soil water content in summer and fall of 1996. Although interannual and nterseasonal variations of fluxes are important, this study shows that wintertime losses of N2O from agricultural soil can be up to 2 to 4 times greater than emissions measured during the growing season in similar agroecosystems.
Modulation of Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillations by Ocean–Atmosphere Coupling

Abstract The impact of ocean–atmosphere coupling on the structure and propagation characteristics of 30–60-day tropical intraseasonal oscillations (TISOs) is investigated by analyzing long-term simulations of the Meteorological Research Institute coupled general circulation model (CGCM) and its stand-alone atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) version forced with SSTs derived from the CGCM and comparing them with recent observation datasets [Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) precipitation, 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40), and Reynolds SST]. Composite events of (i) eastward propagating Madden–Julian oscillations (MJOs) during boreal winter and (ii) northward propagating intraseasonal oscillations (NPISOs) during boreal summer, constructed based on objective criteria, show that the three-dimensional structure, amplitude, and speed of propagation, and the phase relationship among surface fluxes, SST, and convection, are markedly impro.
Increase in Postoperative Body Mass Index in Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Objectives The aim of this is to investigate the changes in body mass index (BMI) following knee arthroplasty and to evaluate their impact on patient-reported outcomes and functional evaluations. Methods This observational study included 90 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and were followed up for a median period of 2.6 years. BMI measurements were recorded before and after surgery, and patient-reported outcomes and functional evaluations were assessed using standardized scales and tests. Results Following TKA, BMI increased statistically significantly (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p < 0.000). In addition, half of the patients experienced an increase in BMI, with 32% moving up in their BMI category. However, there were no clinically significant differences in patient-reported outcomes or functional evaluations between the group that gained BMI and the group that maintained or lost BMI. Conclusion This study reveals that patients tend to have increased BMI following TKA. However, these BMI changes do not significantly impact patient-reported outcomes or functional evaluations. It underscores the importance of patient education regarding healthy lifestyle habits, including diet and physical activity, to address postoperative weight gain effectively.
The interaction between reaction and deformation: an experimental study using a biotite + plagioclase + quartz gneiss

Metamorphic reactions commonly accompany ductile deformation of crustal rocks. We performed an experimental study to determine: (i) the effect of syn‐deformation reaction on strain weakening and localization, and (ii) the effect of crystal plastic deformation on reaction extent and distribution. Experiments were conducted on a fine‐grained gneiss (58 vol.% quartz, forming the interconnected matrix, 13 vol.% biotite, 28 vol.% plagioclase and 1 vol.% garnet/Fe‐Ti oxides). General shear experiments were performed at 745 and 800 °C, 1.5 GPa, two strain rates, and shear strain (γ) from 0.6 to 5, yielding three suites with initial phase strength contrast between the matrix quartz and weak biotite of 45×, 25× and 10×; hydrostatic experiments were performed on cores and powders at 750 and 800 °C and 1.5–2 GPa for the same times. At these conditions, biotite reacts with plagioclase and quartz to form garnet, K‐feldspar and water (no melt was observed). Greater reaction extent was observed in deformed samples than in equivalent hydrostatic samples, because of the increased surface area and internal strain energy. In all of the deformed samples, reaction contributes to strain weakening, due principally to a switch to grain boundary sliding in the fine‐grained reaction products. The degree to which syn‐deformational reaction causes strain weakening and localization in this polyphase aggregate depends on the phase strength contrast and how it evolves. In samples with low‐phase strength contrast, strain and reaction are homogeneously distributed; however, in samples with high‐phase strength contrast, ductile strain and reaction interact positively to produce a narrow ductile shear zone. Similar concentration of reaction is observed in some natural ductile shear zones.
Watershed geomorphology and snowmelt control stream thermal sensitivity to air temperature

How local geomorphic and hydrologic features mediate the sensitivity of stream thermal regimes to variation in climatic conditions remains a critical uncertainty in understanding aquatic ecosystem responses to climate change. We used stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen to estimate contributions of snow and rainfall to 80 boreal streams and show that differences in snow contribution are controlled by watershed topography. Time series analysis of stream thermal regimes revealed that streams in rain‐dominated, low‐elevation watersheds were 5–8 times more sensitive to variation in summer air temperature compared to streams draining steeper topography whose flows were dominated by snowmelt. This effect was more pronounced across the landscape in early summer and less distinct in late summer. Thus, the impact of climate warming on freshwater thermal regimes will be spatially heterogeneous across river basins as controlled by geomorphic features. However, thermal heterogeneity may be lost with reduced snowpack and increased ratios of rain to snow in stream discharge.
Creation and Interpolation of Continuous Soil Layer Classes in the Lower Namoi Valley

The major errors associated with soil classification and mapping are due to subjective allocation of individuals to classes and incongruities between the classification system and the natural continuous variability of the soil mantle. Fuzzy clustering algorithms can be applied to resolve both errors. In this study we numerically classified 1419 soil horizon samples using fuzzy k-means (FKM) and fuzzy k-means with extragrade (FKME) analysis. Each sample was characterized by 12 chemical and textural attributes that were used for the numerical classification. The fuzzy classes produced were mapped at various depths using a method that considered the unity of class membership and local kriging. The use of a confusion index enabled the representation of the continuous nature of membership between the classes mapped and highlighted areas where the collection of additional information may be appropriate. The resulting classes reflect sensible and practical groupings that are easily related to the natural structure of the landscape. Silt and clay contents were the most distinguishing attributes in identifying the various geological and geomorphic components. Differences in soil-forming process were well highlighted by organic C (Org. C), P, electrical conductivity (EC 1:5 ), pH, and Cl - content. We concluded that the fuzzy clustering algorithms and geostatistical techniques provide a worthwhile approach to soil classification and representation of the soil continuum.
Exploring the impacts of Covid-19 on the electronic product trade of the G-7 countries: A complex network analysis approach and panel data analysis

The present study attempts to explore the impacts of COVID-19 on the intra-group electronic product trade of the world’s seven largest economies. In line with this purpose, we performed a complex network analysis of the electronic product trade of the group of seven (G-7) countries and China, as well as a panel data study comprising solely the G-7 countries. In this regard, we investigated the trade networks within the G-7 countries, to which China has been added, and determined the prominent countries in the network during the pandemic to be China, the USA and Canada. The findings also revealed that China, one of the pioneering countries in electronic product trade, has the most ties in electronic products exports with the USA, the other countries with which the USA had the most ties were Japan and Germany, apart from Canada. It was discovered that Germany was the most active country in the network, following the USA, in terms of export ties and the number of export countries in its network. The panel data analysis, on the other hand, yielded two different models, namely import and export, based on 22 months of data, from March 2020 to December 2021, considering the World Health Organization’s (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The findings showed that independent variables affecting the electronic product trade within G-7 countries bore different effects in both models, that the deaths/cases ratio, the tests/cases ratio and the number of cases had adverse impacts while the population had positive impacts on exports in the first model, and that the tests/population ratio had adverse effects while the number of tests and the population had positive impacts on intra-group electronic product imports.
Association of radiotherapy with thoracic vertebral fractures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study

To investigate the association between radiotherapy (RT) and thoracic vertebral fractures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and explore the risk factors of thoracic vertebral fracture in ESCC who underwent RT. This retrospective cohort study including 602 consecutive ESCC patients examined the association between RT and thoracic vertebral fractures using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models and relevant risk factors of thoracic vertebral fractures based on clinical and RT parameters in patients with ESCC. Followed for a median follow-up of 24 months, 54 patients had thoracic vertebral fractures. The multivariable analysis revealed RT as an independent risk factor after adjusting for clinical risk factors. Univariable analyses associated a 5-Gy increase in vertebral dose to single vertebrae and a 1-time increase in RT fraction with higher risk of vertebral fracture. Adding RT factors (vertebral dose and fraction) and mean vertebral hounsfield unit to the Cox models containing conventional clinical risk factors significantly improved the χ2 value for predicting vertebral fractures (all P < .001). This study revealed RT, as well as increased vertebral dose and RT fractions, as a significant, consistent, and strong vertebral fracture predictor in ESCC. Combined vertebral dose, RT fractions, and vertebral hounsfield unit provided optimal risk stratification for ESCC patients.
Experimental nations, or, The invention of the Maghreb

TRANSLATOR'S NOTE vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix INTRODUCTION: Is an "Experimental" Nation Possible? 1 1: Nations of Writers 11 1. Cultural "Terrain" 11 2. New Geolinguistics 14 2: Cities of Writers 27 1. The Imaginary of the Medina in Francophone Literature from the Maghreb 27 2. Algiers/Paris, or the City as a "Site of Memory ": Merzak Allouache's Salut Cousin 38 3: Nabile Fares, or How to Become "Minoritarian" 47 4: Postcolonial Nations: Political or Poetic Allegories? (On Tahar Djaout's L'invention du desert )67 5: (Hi)stories of Expatriation: Virtual Countries 83 1. Assia Djebar's La Nouba des femmes du Mont Chenoua: Introduction to the Cinematic Fragment 83 6: Multilingualism and National "Traits" 99 1. "Translating or Whiting Out Language": On Khatibi's Amour Bilingue 99 2. On Khatibi's Notion of the "Professional Traveler" 124 3. Writing Metafiction: On Khatibi's Le livre du sang 135 7: The Cartography of the Nation: Mouloud Feraoun's Le fils du pauvre Revisited 149 8: By Way of a Conclusion 159 APPENDIX: Le Depays: On Chris Marker's Lettre de Sibeie (1957)165 NOTES 171 INDEX NOMINUM 205 INDEX REUM 209
Redescription of the Ordovician acrotretoid brachiopod Conotreta Walcott, 1889

Abstract The type species of the poorly understood Ordovician acrotretoid brachiopod Conotreta, C. rusti Walcott, 1889, is redescribed, based on a re-study of the syntypes and new topotypes from the Ordovician (late Mohawkian; late Caradoc) Denmark Limestone at Trenton Falls, Mohawk River Valley, New York State. The numerous previous records of the genus are briefly reviewed. One syntype of C. rusti is shown to represent the oldest recorded species of the acrotretoid (Family Biernatidae) Opsiconidion.
Butyrate Inhibits Dendritic Cell Activation and Alleviates Periodontitis

Dendritic cells (DCs) can mediate inflammation-related bone resorption that is crucial in the development of periodontitis. Butyrate is a critical by-product of microbes with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we found that butyrate inhibited the activation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced DCs and generation of inflammatory cytokines by DCs. Moreover, butyrate regulated glycolysis in LPS-induced DCs via the G-protein-coupled receptor/hypoxia-inducible factor–1α pathway. In addition, butyrate inhibited the maturation of CD11c+MHC-II+ DCs in vivo, suppressing local inflammatory infiltration and ultimately alleviating bone resorption in a periodontitis model. Our results imply that butyrate suppresses the activation of LPS-induced DCs by modulating their metabolism, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases.
Comparison between bioelectrical impedance analyses and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for accuracy in assessing appendicular skeletal muscle mass and diagnosing sarcopenia in hospitalized Chinese older adults

The aim of this study was to compare bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and investigate the accuracy of BIA in assessing appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and diagnosing sarcopenia. A total of 90 elderly patients hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from 2019 to 2020 were collected, including 42 males and 48 females. All patients underwent BIA and DXA examinations. Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analysis were used to compare the differences between BIA and DXA in assessing ASM and diagnosing sarcopenia. ASM measured by BIA was higher than ASM measured by DXA, and there was statistical significance for all differences (P < .001); Pearson correlation analysis showed that ASM measured by BIA and DXA was positively correlated in both male (R = 0.94) and female (R = 0.97) patients (P < .001); Bland-Altman analysis showed that there was a high consistency between ASM detected by BIA and DXA; The detection rate of low muscle mass and sarcopenia by BIA and DXA was not statistically significant (P > .05). BIA (InBody720) has high accuracy in assessing ASM and diagnosing sarcopenia in hospitalized Chinese older adults, and has the advantages of convenient use, no radiation, and easy promotion, so it can be used as an early screening tool in primary hospitals lacking DXA.
Genetic Polymorphism Study of IDH 1/2 and TET2 Genes in Acute Myeloid leukemia Patients

Background and Objective: Isocitrate dehydrogenase genes (IDH1 and IDH2) encode important enzymes that play pivotal role in cellular metabolism. Mutations in TET2 have been demonstrated to contribute to DNA hypermethylation, either expression of mutant IDH1/2 or TET2 resulted in poor cell differentiation and epigenetic alterations in hematopoietic cells, suggesting a sharing of the oncogenetic impact. In this study, we investigated the frequency of genetic alterations in IDH1/2 and TET2 genes in Egyptian cohort of adult patients with de novo AML, and the association of IDH1/2 and TET2 genetic Polymorphism with AML prognostic criteria and explore prognostic molecular markers with clinical outcome. Methods: The SNP assay for IDH1, IDH2 and TET2 genes polymorphism tested with RT-PCR included three polymorphisms that are rs121913500, rs121913503, and rs2454206 respectively, were tested on 141 adult Egyptian patients fulfilling the AML diagnostic criteria. Result: The incidence of IDH mutations is 11/141 (7.8%); 5/141 (3.5%) IDH1 mutant and 6/141 (4.3%) IDH2 mutant. And the incidence of TET2 mutations is 72/141 (51.1%); 15/141 (10.7%) homozygous mutation and 57/141 (40.4%) heterozygous mutations. IDH1, IDH2 and TET2 genes mutations with DFS and OS in AML patients were not significantly correlated. Conclusions: TET2 SNP is common in Egyptian AML patients. Further research on IDH, TET2 and their relationships to other hematological malignancies and leukemogenesis transformation is advised and a study of a larger number of cases is needed for potential statistical significance.
Activation of CYP3A by Accelerated Blood Clearance Phenomenon Potentiates the Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Targeting Therapeutic Effects of PEGylated Anticancer Prodrug Liposomes

Reduced enzyme activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and poor targeting limit the application of enzyme-activating prodrugs, which is also detrimental to the effective treatment of HCC. Here, we investigated whether accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon occurs in HCC models following repeated injections of PEGylated liposomes (PEG-L), thus inducing prodrug accumulation and activation in the liver and exerting highly effective and low-toxicity therapeutic effects on HCC. First, PEGylated liposomal cyclophosphamide was prepared by solvent injection and characterized. Importantly, preinjection of PEG-L induced the ABC phenomenon and activation of CYP3A in both HCC rats and HCC mice by studying the effects of repeated injections of PEG-L on pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution. Next, the efficacy and toxicity of repeated injections of PEG-L in HCC mice were examined, and our data indicate that repeated injections are administered in a manner that significantly enhances the antitumor effect compared with controls, with little or no toxicity to other organs. To further reveal the pharmacokinetic mechanism of PEG-L repeated administration for the treatment of HCC, the protein expression of hepatic CYP3A and the concentration of cyclophosphamide in the liver and spleen of HCC mice by inhibiting CYP3A were analyzed. These results revealed that inducing CYP3A to accelerate the rapid conversion of prodrugs that accumulate significantly in the liver is a key mechanism for the treatment of HCC with repeated injections of PEG-L. Collectively, this work taps into the application potential of the ABC phenomenon and provides new insights into the clinical application of PEGylated nanoformulations. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study revealed that repeated injections of PEGylated liposomes could induce the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon characterized by hepatic accumulation and CYP3A activation based on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rats and HCC mice. Furthermore, it was verified that induction of the ABC phenomenon dependent on hepatic accumulation and CYP3A activation could enhance the antihepatocellular carcinoma effects of PEGylated anticancer prodrugs in HCC mice. This elucidated the relevant pharmacokinetic mechanisms and unearthed new clues for solving the clinical application of PEGylated nanoparticles.