Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical Properties and Chemical Compositions of Raw Cow Milk in Milk Shades Around Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Milk has an important diet for humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical property and chemical composition of raw cow’s milk in central highlands of Ethiopia. Raw milk samples of 240 were collected from four sites of Wolmera, Selale, Sebeta, and Debrezeit for physical and chemical composition analysis. Physical parameters of pH, titratable acidity, specific gravity, freezing point and chemical composition of total solids, protein, fat, ash and lactose were tested in this study. The result showed that there is no significant (P>0.05) difference in total solid and protein content among study site. The fat content was significantly higher in sample from Welmera and samples collected from Debrezeit were significantly higher lactose, ash, and solid non-fat content. Specific gravity and freezing point were no significant difference among the four study site. Milk samples of significantly higher pH were observed in Wolmera and Selale and significantly higher titratable acidity was observed in milk samples from Sebeta. All the chemical composition of total solid, fat, protein, Ash, lactose and solid non-fat were fit with Ethiopian standard. Among the tested physical property-specific gravity and freezing point were fit with Ethiopian standard and titratable acidity of milk from all sites were above Ethiopian standard. PH of the samples from all locations was lower pH than Ethiopia standard. Titratable acidity was higher than Ethiopian standard and pH was lower than Ethiopian standard. This is an indication that the milk was not fresh and develop acid due to lactose fermenting microbes in the milk and not suitable for pasteurization or processing. Keywords: Physical property, Chemical property, cow milk DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/9-19-04 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
Effect of water-binder ratio on properties of phosphogypsum binder

Technological, physical and mechanical properties of mineral binders are often defined by the amount of water add to the binder known as W/B ratio. The role of water is contributed to the workability of fresh paste, hydration processes, porosity, mechanical performance and durability of the material. Present research summarizes the relationship between gypsum based binder W/B ratio in mixture composition to properties of hardened gypsum binder, giving a marginal borders of properties affected by W/B. The W/B ratios evaluated were from 0.3 to 1.15. Dihydrate phosphogypsum (PG), which is a waste of phosphorus fertilizer industry and commercial gypsum binder were used as a raw material for production of gypsum samples and results compared to commercial gypsum binder. At the beginning PG was dried at 60°C and afterwards homogenized by milling it in ball mill or by collision milling in disintegrator. Samples were made with plasticizers, mineral additives and foam forming additive. In this work 26 dense and 9 porous mixture compositions was summarized, from which 18 compositions were made from commercial binder for comparison. A series of performance properties of the binders were investigated, such as density, porosity and 14d compression strength regarding to W/B ratio used to prepare the samples. The chemical and mineralogical composition of PG used was determined by XRF and XRD. The results indicate that plasticizers in PG based gypsum binder could reduce W/B ratio from 1.15 down to 0.4. The PG binder bulk density for samples without pore forming admixture was in range from 726 – 1600 kg/m3, total porosity 35 – 71 vol.% and compressive strength from 1.4 to 28.7 MPa at the age of 14 d. Ultra porous gypsum material was obtained with the pore forming agent, which allowed to obtain gypsum based material with bulk density from 213 – 726 kg/m3, total porosity from 67.9 – 90.6 % and compressive strength from 0.2 – 0.8 MPa. Results show that the material density and strength decreases while porosity tends to increases with the increase of W/B ratio. These tendencies are true both for dense and porous specimens. It was concluded, that lowest W/B of dense PG specimens was 0.43, otherwise the workability of a binder decreased dramatically and decrease of compressive strength was observed. With the same W/B ratio the technological properties of PG binder may be affected by gypsum treatment parameters and selected mixture composition, allowing to improve the properties of gypsum binder obtained from same raw material.
PTSD Subtypes, Depressive Presentation, Dissociation, and Cognitive Appraisals and Their Impact on Cardiovascular Reactivity Responses to Stress

viii CHAPTER I: STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM . 1 Cardiovascular Disease . 3 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder . 4 Re-experiencing Symptoms . 5 Avoidance . 5 Hyperarousal . 6 Prevalence . 6 Relationship between PTSD and CVD . 8 HPA Axis Dysregulation and Allostatic Load . 9 Immune Functioning . 11 Major Depressive Disorder . 13 Prevalence . 14 Relationship between Depression and CVD . 15 Biopsychological Links between Depression and CVD . 16 Reverse Causation and Depression . 17 Cardiovascular Reactivity . 18 Blood Pressure . 18 Heart Rate . 19 Impedance Cardiography . 20 PTSD and Reactivity.21 Dissociation.25 Dissociation and Reactivity . 31 Depression and Reactivity . 33 The Factor Structure of the BDI-II . 35 The “Activation” Factor . 37 Depression and the Potential Role of Activation in Reactivity . 38 Cognitive Appraisal . 40 Primary Appraisal . 41 Secondary Appraisal . 42 Cognitive Appraisal and Reactivity . 42 Purpose of the Study . 45 Hypotheses . 48 CHAPTER II: METHOD . 49 Participants . 49 Measures . 50 Procedures . 56 Statistical Analyses . 58
Comparing and connecting territories of illiberal politics and neoliberal governance

ABSTRACT This afterword to the special issue on ‘Planetary Illiberalism’ examines the ways in which the papers raise and respond to two key questions: namely: What are the connections between neoliberalism and contemporary illiberalism? ; and How can the space-specific study of ‘planetary illiberalism’ help discern such connections while avoiding the over-inflation of neoliberalism as a planetary-scale, context-free meta-explanation that ultimately ends up explaining nothing? To answer these questions, it is argued that it is useful to research the context-contingent connections between illiberal politics and neoliberal governance both comparatively and relationally at the same time. Lessons from both ‘varieties of capitalism’ (VoC) research in comparative politics and the literature on variegated neoliberalism can thereby be productively combined.
Effect of Market Value Ratios on Stock Return The Islamic Stock Exchange

The purpose of this study was to test the influence of variable PER and PBVR against return stock Jakarta Islamic Index. Sampling by using purposive sampling technique, obtained samples as many as 8 companies that entered in the stock Jakarta Islamic Index during the period 2014-2017. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression. Hypothesis testing using the t-test statistics to partially and simultaneously use the F-test significant level of 5%. Research results either partially or simultaneous shows that PER and PBVR has no effect against the return of the stock. For the ability of prediction of PER and PBVR against stock return of 12%, the remaining 88% other
Current surgical management of extrapulmonary oligometastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma

Lung cancer is one of the leading cause of mortality around the world, and it is widely known that survival is limited in metastatic lung carcinoma cases. However, in oligometastatic, non-small cell lung carcinoma cases, surgical excision of both the primary tumor and the metastatic site may yield a survival advantage in selected cases. In non-small cell lung carcinoma cases, especially after metastasectomy of brain and adrenal gland metastasis, studies in which survival advantage is reported are common in the literature, and metastasectomy is the treatment method applied to selected patient groups in brain and adrenal gland metastases. In surgical treatment of extra-cranial and extra-adrenal oligometastasis, on the other hand, there are several cases in which morbidity-free survival rates were reported after successful management. In this report, the surgical treatment results were evaluated, and the contribution of treatment methods to survival rates were investigated in extrapulmonary oligometastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma cases receiving surgical excision.
A Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Photovoltaic Systems Under Partially Shaded Conditions Using Modified Maximum Power Trapezium Method

In this article, a modified maximum power trapezium (MPT) method for global maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic (PV) systems under partially shaded conditions (PSCs) is proposed. Compared with the traditional MPT method, the proposed method introduces a variable current range lower bound by utilizing the monotonic output characteristics of the PV array. Moreover, considering the influence of the initial operating point of the PV array on the scanning path under dynamic PSCs, a judgment mechanism for the initial voltage is added in the modified method. The proposed method guarantees that the global maximum power point is tracked accurately with a smaller voltage scanning range and shorter tracking time under all conditions. Furthermore, the excellent performance of the proposed method has been verified by both simulation and experimental results.
Using playbacks to monitor and investigate the behaviour of wild maned wolves

ABSTRACT Maned wolves are difficult to observe in the wild because of their low densities and their cryptic and crepuscular-nocturnal habits. Exploring their long-range acoustic communication may offer an efficient alternative to study the species. Here we evaluated the applicability of playbacks to study maned wolves in the wild and compare the results with 20 nights of passive recordings on the same area and month during the previous year. We obtained vocal responses on 3 of 6 nights tested, including responses involving two animals and an approach after an interactive playback. Although we conducted 3–6 playback sessions each day at different times, we only obtained vocal responses during sessions between 17:00 and 19:40. During our passive recordings we detected on average 0.86 roar-bark sequences per recorder per night, mostly during the first half of the night. Vocal activity – responses and spontaneous roar-bark sequences – during playback nights was nearly 4 times greater than during the passive recordings. We conclude that playbacks stimulate maned wolves to emit roar-barks and that this method is applicable to test hypotheses about maned wolf behaviour and aid in their monitoring.
Does FinTech Democratize Investing?

We examine the distributional effects of access to a novel financial technology: automated asset management. A 90% reduction in minimum account size requirements by a major U.S. robo advisor increases participation in both asset management and the stock market by households from the middle quintiles of the U.S. wealth distribution. These households experience a 24 percentage point increase in risky share and a 1.9 percentage point increase in expected return relative to wealthier households. However, the reduction does not affect households from the poorest wealth quintile, suggesting that automated asset management has ambiguous effects on overall inequality in returns on wealth.
Resolvent-based jet noise models: a projection approach

Linear resolvent analysis has demonstrated encouraging results for modeling coherent structures in jets when compared against their data-deduced counterparts from highfidelity large-eddy simulations (LES). However, leveraging resolvent modes for reconstructing statistics of the far acoustic field remains elusive. In this study, we use a LES database to produce an ensemble of realizations for the acoustic field that we project on to a limited set of n resolvent modes. The projections are done on a restricted acoustic output domain, r/D = [5, 6], and allow for the LES realizations to be recast in the resolvent basis via a datadeduced, low-rank, n× n cross-spectral density matrix. We find substantial improvements to the acoustic field reconstructions with the addition of a RANS-derived eddy-viscosity model to the resolvent operator. The reconstructions quantitatively match the most energetic regions of the acoustic field across Strouhal numbers, St = [0 − 1], and azimuthal wavenumbers, m = [0, 2], using only three resolvent modes. Finally, the characteristics of the resulting n × n covariance matrices are examined and suggest off-diagonal terms may be neglected for n ≤ 3. Results are presented for round, isothermal, Mach 1.5 and 0.9 jets.
Effect of Drought Stress at Reproductive Stages on Growth and Nitrogen Metabolism in Soybean

This study aims to determine variability among soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. ) cultivars under drought conditions and how nitrogen metabolites, metabolism-related enzymes, and gene expression vary during soybean growth. Three soybean cultivars, Shennong17 (CV.SN17), Shennong8 (CV.SN8), and Shennong12 (CV.SN12), were grown in pot culture and subjected to drought stress at reproductive stages for 45 days. The results showed that long-term drought stress decreased biomass allocation to reproductive organs, weakened antioxidant capacity, and reduced seed weight, effects that were less pronounced in CV.SN12 compared with those in CV.SN8 and CV.SN17. Drought stress decreased the concentrations of nitrogen and soluble protein but increased nitrate concentration in leaves. This was related to the significantly reduction of nitrogen metabolism efficiency, including decreased activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes, and downregulated expression of GmNR, GmNiR, GmGS, and GmGOGAT. Drought stress increased the concentrations of free amino acid, proline, and soluble sugar in leaves to enhance the osmotic adjustment ability. Furthermore, soybean seed weight showed significantly correlation (p < 0.05) with nitrogen-metabolism-related parameters. Based on the performance of growth, nitrogen metabolism, and yield attributes, CV.SN12 showed the highest tolerance to drought, followed by CV.SN8 and CV.SN17. In addition, these nitrogen-metabolism-related parameters could be used in soybeans to select for drought tolerance.
Urinary biomarkers in pelvic-ureteric junction obstruction: a systematic review

Antenatal hydronephrosis is a common finding detected on prenatal ultrasound. Although hydronephrosis will spontaneously resolve in the majority of newborns, there is a significant amount of cases that will worsen with the risk of a progressive and permanent loss of renal function. There is an increasing concern among experts that the current criteria for evaluation of clinically significant obstructions are limited. Our aim is to provide a systematic review of the available literature on biomarkers of renal injury, potential targets for diagnosis and prognosis of children with hydronephrosis. The main search was conducted in the electronic databases from inception through March 2019 using various combinations of the keywords: pelvic-ureteric [All Fields] AND junction [All Fields] AND obstruction [All Fields] AND “biomarkers” [MeSH Terms] OR “biomarkers” [All Fields] OR “biomarker” [All Fields]. To broaden the research, additional articles were identified through hand-searching review of the references reported in each study previously selected. Histopathological studies, studies with no control group or with participants suffering from concomitant urological diseases and articles published in language other than English were excluded. Data on study design, sample size, average patient age, hydronephrosis definition used, surgical indication, duration and pattern of follow-up, details on biomarker studied, diagnostic test characteristics, area under the curve (AUC) on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with the best cut-off (BCO) values, sensitivity, specificity and outcomes were all collected. 38 articles analysing 41 biomarkers were selected. The most frequent proteins investigated were neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) (n=9; 23.7%), monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 (MCP1) (n=8; 21.1%), transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) (n=7; 18.4%), epidermal growth factor (EGF) (n=6; 15.8%) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM 1) (n=6; 15.8%). Twenty-seven (71.1%) studies evaluated the effect of pyeloplasty on voided urine biomarker concentrations, comparing their values before and after surgery. Twelve (31.6%) studies investigated the correlation between preoperative biomarker concentration and the anterior posterior renal pelvis diameter (DAP) while 20 (52.6%) studies investigated the correlation between preoperative biomarker concentration with the split renal function (SRF) measured on nuclear medicine assessments. ROC curves were used to investigate the performance of urinary biomarkers in the total patient data set in 27 (71.1%) studies. Some biomarkers offer promising results. However, a critic analysis of the published studies demonstrates bias and lack of consistency suggesting that larger multicentre and carefully designed prospective studies are still needed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of urinary biomarkers in the diagnosis and follow-up of children with congenital obstructive hydronephrosis.
Knowledge, Attitude and Reporting Practices on Adverse Events Following Immunization among Routine Immunization Service Providers in Health Facilities of Sokoto State, Nigeria

Background/Introduction: Health workers at primary health care facilities (PHCs) are primarily involved with routine immunization activities including detection, reporting and management of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI). To undertake such responsibilities effectively, they need to have good knowledge on AEFI and its management. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and reporting practices of Routine Immunization Service Providers in health facilities of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, a total of 285 routine Original Research Article Sani et al.; IJTDH, 40(2): 1-14, 2019; Article no.IJTDH. 53907 2 immunization service providers were recruited from all the PHCs in one selected local government from each of the three health zones of the State. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect relevant information from eligible participants. Data were entered into SPSS version 20.0 and analyzed. Results: Of the 285 distributed questionnaires, 258 (90.5%) were duly completed and returned. The M: F ratio was 1.4:1, with mean age of 34.24 + 8.06 years. Up to 164 (63.6%) respondents had good knowledge (score >50%), while 37(14.3%) and 57(22.1%) respondents had fair (score 4149%) and poor (score <40%) knowledge respectively. Reporting practices were appropriate in 224 (86.8%) respondents. The most common method for reporting was by manual filing of AEFI forms. Some respondents would however not report an AEFI to avoid being blamed, feeling guilty or creating unnecessary anxiety to the patient. Conclusion: Though many respondents had good knowledge and reporting practices on AEFI, knowledge gap still exists; highlighting the need for continuous on-the-job training and retraining of these personnel.
A study of breast feeding practices among mothers of infants in an urban slum, South Indian city, Nellore

The role of exclusive breast feeding in fulfilling the basic human rights of the child to attain the highest standards of health are envisaged and affirmed in the Innocenti Declaration of the Protection, Promotion and Support of Breast feeding. The benefits of breastfeeding are well established and for the most part it is rather beneficial for children to drink their mother's milk. Thanks to the history of natural selection, babies are known to instinctively crawl and reach for their mother's breasts if laid on the mother's stomach after birth. One of the most commonly cited benefits of breastfeeding is that it helps connect mothers and their children; the baby feels its mother's body warmth and heartbeat (reminiscent of the womb it has left) and can become familiar with its mother's smell. Studies have shown that babies who are breastfed are more likely to reach adulthood. There have been more demonstrated benefits due to breastfeeding for the mother (though literature often focuses on the benefits for the child, of which few have been empirically proven). Mothers who breastfeed are less likely to develop certain forms of cancer and diabetes, and it makes post-partum problems and complications less likely and makes part of the post-partum recovery process easier. One long-term study on about 3500 subjects showed on average a significantly higher IQ score (3.76 points) and length of education (almost a year) at the age ABSTRACT
Mechanistic Study of the Inhibition of Active Radicals in Coal by Catechin

ABSTRACT In order to inhibit the active free radicals in the oxidation process of coal at low temperatures, the use of catechin as inhibitors is proposed. A set-up of thermogravimetric analyzer-Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (TG-FTIR-GCMS) has been used to measure mass loss and the gaseous products evolved during the heating of raw coal and coal-catechin samples. The experimental results show that epicatechin (EC) can provide H· combined with active free radicals in coal, thereby inhibiting the reaction of free radicals with oxygen, leading to the disappearance of the mass gain stage of coal samples. Compared with raw coal, the content of carbon oxides gaseous products released from coal-catechin sample was significantly reduced at the same temperature. Molecular structure models of EC and active free radicals (including C7H7·, C7H5O·, and C7H7O·) in coal have been constructed by GaussView software. Using the quantum chemical method for analysis, the charge distribution of EC is obtained, and it is concluded that the hydroxyl group of epicatechin (EC) is the active site and can provide H· and EC·for scavenging free radicals. To simplify the analysis, the most active meta-hydroxyl group on the B-ring is chosen to reveal the activity of EC. The reaction processes of H·/EC· combining with C7H7·/C7H5O·/C7H7O· active radicals respectively have been analyzed. It is concluded that catechin could convert active radicals into inert compounds or stable radicals to interrupt free radical chain reaction. Through the calculation of the enthalpy changes and Gibbs free energy changes in the reaction processes, the results showed that H· having higher reactivity is the main factor for inhibiting the spontaneous combustion of coal.
Founder’s social ties, learning and entrepreneurial knowledge acquisition in China

ABSTRACT This study assesses the relationships among founder’s social ties, learning and entrepreneurial knowledge acquisition. Base on Social Network Theory and Entrepreneurial Learning Perspective, eight hypotheses are proposed. Using a sample of 200 new ventures in Chinese transitional economy, we find that both founders’ social ties (business ties, political ties) and entrepreneurial learning (experiential learning, cognitive learning) have positive impacts on entrepreneurial knowledge acquisition. We also examine whether entrepreneurial learning mediates the effects of social ties on entrepreneurial knowledge acquisition. The results show that cognitive learning positively mediates the relationship between social ties and entrepreneurial knowledge acquisition. However, the mediating role of experiential learning is partly supported.