Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supersymmetric AdS 2 × (cid:2) 2 solutions from tri-sasakian truncation

AclassofAdS 2 × (cid:2) 2 ,with (cid:2) 2 beingatwo-sphere or a hyperbolic space, solutions within four-dimensional N = 4 gauged supergravity coupled to three-vector multiplets with dyonic gauging is identiﬁed. The gauged supergravity has a non-semisimple SO ( 3 ) (cid:2) ( T 3 , ˆ T 3 ) gauge group and can be obtained from a consistent truncation of 11-dimensional supergravity on a tri-sasakian manifold. The maximally symmetric vacua contain AdS 4 geometries with N = 1 , 3 supersymmetry corresponding to N = 1 and N = 3 superconformal ﬁeld theories (SCFTs) in three dimensions. We ﬁnd supersymmetric solutions of the form AdS 2 × (cid:2) 2 preserving two supercharges. These solutions describe twisted compactiﬁcations of the dual N = 1 and N = 3 SCFTs and should arise as near horizon geometries of dyonic black holes in asymptotically AdS 4 space-time. Most solutions have hyperbolic horizons although some of them exhibit spherical horizons. These provide a new class of AdS 2 × (cid:2) 2 geometries with known M-theory origin.
A maximum likelihood analysis of the low cosmic microwave background multipoles from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe

The amplitudes of the quadrupole and octopole measured from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) appear to be lower than expected according to the concordance A cold dark matter (ACDM) cosmology. However, the pseudo-C l estimator used by the WMAP team is non-optimal. In this paper, we discuss the effects of Galactic cuts on pseudo-C l and quadratic maximum likelihood estimators. An application of a quadratic maximum likelihood estimator to Galaxy-subtracted maps produced by the WMAP team and Tegmark, de Oliveira-Costa & Hamilton shows that the amplitudes of the low multipoles are stable to different Galactic cuts. In particular, the quadrupole and octopole amplitudes are found to lie in the ranges ΔT 2 2 = 176-250 (μK) 2 and ΔT 2 3 = 794-1183 (μK) 2 (and more likely to be at the upper ends of these ranges) rather than the values ΔT 2 2 = 123 (μK) 2 and ΔT 2 3 = 611 (μK) 2 found by the WMAP team. These results indicate that the discrepancy with the concordance ACDM model at low multipoles is not particularly significant and is in the region of a few per cent. This conclusion is consistent with an analysis of the low amplitude of the angular correlation function computed from quadratic maximum likelihood power spectrum estimates.
Helicity form factors for D ( s ) → A (cid:2)ν process in the light-cone QCD sum rules approach

The helicity form factors of the D ( s ) → A (cid:2) + ν with A = a − 1 , a 01 , b − 1 , b 01 , K 1 ( 1270 ) and K 1 ( 1400 ) are calculated in the light-cone sum rules approach, up to twist-3 distribution amplitudes of the axial vector meson A . In the helicity form factors parametrization the unitarity constraints are applied to the ﬁtting parameters. In addition, the effects of the low-lying resonances are included in series expansions of aforementioned form factors. The properties of the D ( s ) → A (cid:2) + ν semileptonic decays are studied by extending the form factors to the whole physical region of q 2 . For a bet-ter analysis, a comparison is also made between our results and the predictions obtained using transition form factors via LCSR, 3PSR and CLFQM methods.
Higgs portal to dark matter and B → K ( ∗ ) decays

We consider a Higgs portal model in which the 125-GeV Higgs boson mixes with a light singlet mediator h 2 coupling to particles of a Dark Sector and study potential b → sh 2 decays in the Belle II experiment. Multiplying the gauge-dependent off-shell Standard-Model b - s -Higgs vertex with the sine of the Higgs mixing angle does not give the correct b - s - h 2 vertex. We clarify this issue by calculating the b - s - h 2 vertex in an arbitrary R ξ gauge and demonstrate how the ξ dependence cancels from physical decay rates involving an on-shell or off-shell h 2 . Then we revisit the b → sh 2 phenomenology and point out that a simultaneous study of B → K ∗ h 2 and B → Kh 2 helps to discriminate between the Higgs portal and alternative models of the Dark Sector. We further advocate for the use of the h 2 lifetime information contained in displaced-vertex data with h 2 decaying back to Standard-Model particles to better constrain the h 2 mass or to reveal additional h 2 decay modes into long-lived particles.
Growth dynamics of ultrasmooth hydrogenated amorphous carbon films

The unique combination of properties of diamondlike carbon DLC films has stimulated great interest in the deposition and application of these films over the last decades. Their high wear resistance, low friction coefficient, chemical inertness, surface smoothness, and biocompatibility already led to their use as protective coatings in numerous devices. In particular, surface smoothness becomes a crucial property for developing protective coatings for magnetic storage devices and low friction coatings. 1 Therefore, over the last years special attention has been paid to the production of ultrasmooth DLC films. Along with this applied effort, there is an increasing interest in understanding the mechanisms leading to such ultrasmooth films. This study implies the morphological characterization of the growth dynamics under the framework of the dynamic scaling theory. 2–4 The magnitude most commonly employed to characterize statistically the surface morphology for a given growing system with size L and observed at time t is the roughness, L ,t, also known as the interface width. Representing the local surface height at position r and time t by the function hr ,t, the interface width is defined as the mean square deviation of the local height with respect to the mean height hRef. 2
Interpretation of Y ( 4390 ) as an isoscalar partner of Z ( 4430 ) from D ∗ ( 2010 ) ¯ D 1 ( 2420 ) interaction

Invoked by the recent observation of Y ( 4390 ) at BESIII,whichisabout40MeVbelowthe D ∗ ( 2010 ) ¯ D 1 ( 2420 ) threshold,weinvestigatepossibleboundandresonancestates from the D ∗ ( 2010 ) ¯ D 1 ( 2420 ) interaction with the one-boson-exchange model in a quasipotential Bethe–Salpeter equation approach. A bound state with quantum number 0 − ( 1 −− ) is produced at 4384MeV from the D ∗ ( 2010 ) ¯ D 1 ( 2420 ) interaction, which can be related to experimentally observed Y ( 4390 ) . Another state with quantum number 1 + ( 1 + ) is also produced at 4461 + i 39MeV from this interaction. Different from the 0 − ( 1 −− ) state, the 1 + ( 1 + ) state is a resonance state above the D ∗ ( 2010 ) ¯ D 1 ( 2420 ) threshold. This resonance state can be related to the ﬁrst observed charged charmonium-like state Z ( 4430 ) , which has a mass about 4475MeV measured above the threshold as observed at Belle and LHCb. Our result suggests that Y ( 4390 ) is an isoscalar partner of the Z ( 4430 ) as a hadronic-molecular state from the D ∗ ( 2010 ) ¯ D 1 ( 2420 ) interaction.
Boosted Higgs → b ¯ b in vector-boson associated production at 14 TeV

The production of the Standard Model Higgs boson in association with a vector boson, followed by the dominant decay to H → b ¯ b , is a strong prospect for conﬁrming and measuring the coupling to b -quarks in pp col-lisions at √ s = 14 TeV. We present an updated study of the prospects for this analysis, focussing on the most sensitive highly Lorentz-boosted region. The evolution of the efﬁciency and composition of the signal and main background processes as a function of the transverse momentum of the vector boson are studied covering the region 200–1000 GeV, comparing both a conventional dijet and jet substructure selection. The lower transverse momentum region (200– 400 GeV) is identiﬁed as the most sensitive region for the Standard Model search, with higher transverse momentum regions not improving the statistical sensitivity. For much of the studied region (200–600 GeV), a conventional dijet selection performs as well as the substructure approach, while for the highest transverse momentum regions ( > 600 GeV), which are particularly interesting for Beyond the Standard Model and high luminosity measurements, the jet substructure techniques are essential.
Geometric theory of unimodular Pisot substitutions

We are concerned with the tiling flow T associated to a substitution φ over a finite alphabet. Our focus is on substitutions that are unimodular Pisot, i.e., their matrix is unimodular and has all eigenvalues strictly inside the unit circle with the exception of the Perron eigenvalue λ 1. The motivation is provided by the (still open) conjecture asserting that T has pure discrete spectrum for any such φ. We develop a number of necessary and sufficient conditions for pure discrete spectrum, including: injectivity of the canonical torus map (the geometric realization), Geometric Coincidence Condition, (partial) commutation of T and the dual R d -1 -action, measure and tiling properties of Rauzy fractals, and concrete algorithms. Some of these are original and some have already appeared in the literature-as sufficient conditions only-but they all emerge from a unified approach based on the new device: the strand space F φ of φ. The proof of the necessity hinges on determination of the discrete spectrum of T as that of the associated Kronecker toral flow.
An Investigation on Turbine Tip and Shroud Heat Transfer

Detailed experimental investigations have been performed to measure the heat transfer and static pressure distributions on the rotor tip and rotor casing of a gas turbine stage with a shroudless rotor blade. The turbine stage was a modern high pressure Rolls-Royce aero-engine design with stage pressure ratio of 3.2 and nozzle guide vane (ngv) Reynolds number of 2.54E6. Measurements have been taken with and without inlet temperature distortion to the stage. The measurements were taken in the QinetiQ Isentropic Light Piston Facility and aerodynamic and heat transfer measurements are presented from the rotor tip and casing region. A simple two-dimensional model is presented to estimate the heat transfer rate to the rotor tip and casing region as a function of Reynolds number along the gap.
In-medium (1232) potential, pion production in heavy-ion collisions and the symmetry energy

Using the dcQMD transport model, the isoscalar and isovector in-medium potentials of the (1232) baryon are studied and information regarding their effective strength is obtained from a comparison to experimental pion production data in heavy-ion collisions below 800 MeV/nucleon impact energy. The best description is achieved for an isoscalar potential moderately more attractive than the nucleon optical potential and a rather small isoscalar relative effective mass m∗ ≈ 0.45. For the isovector component only a constraint between the potential’s strength at saturation and the isovector effective mass difference can be extracted, which depends on quantities such as the slope of the symmetry energy and the neutron-proton effective mass difference. These results are incompatible with the usual assumption, in transport models, that the (1232) and nucleon potentials are equal. The density dependence of symmetry energy can be studied using the high transverse momentum tail of pion multiplicity ratio spectra. Results are however correlated with the value of neutron-proton effective mass difference. This region of spectra is shown to be affected by uncertain model ingredients such as the pion potential or in-medium correction to inelastic scattering cross-sections at levels smaller than 10%. Extraction of precise constraints for the density dependence of symmetry energy above saturation will require experimental data for pion production in heavyion collisions below 800 MeV/nucleon impact energy and experimental values for the high transverse momentum tail of pion multiplicity ratio spectra accurate to better than 5%. a e-mail: dan.cozma@theory.nipne. ro (corresponding author)
A theory of incoherent scattering of radio waves by a plasma: 4. The effect of unequal ion and electron temperatures

The theory is extended to include the effects of unequal ion and electron temperatures and a magnetic field. Two approximate formulas for the total scattered power are derived, which, with certain restrictions, are applicable (1) when Te/Ti ≲ 1, (2) when Te/Ti » 1. For moderately large values of the temperature ratio, a full numerical calculation is necessary. In contrast to the equilibrium case, the total scattered power is not independent of the magnetic field when Te/Ti is not unity. In the interesting case in which the ion cyclotron radius is large compared to wavelengths of interest, but the electron cyclotron radius is small, the mass ratio me/mi is replaced by an effective ratio (me/mi) sec2 α, where α is the angle between the propagation vector k and the magnetic field. As α approaches 90°, the effective mass ratio ceases to be small, and the scattering is significantly altered. The general behavior of the scattering has a simple physical explanation. The scattering can be considered to be from acoustic waves that are in equilibrium with the particles that contribute most to their Landau damping.
Measurement of prompt X-rays in 238 U(n,f) from threshold to 400 MeV Investigation of ﬁssion charge yield evolution

Prompt K X-ray emission yields in the ﬁssion induced by neutrons on 238 U have been measured for the ﬁrst time for incident energies ranging from below 1 MeV up to 400 MeV. Results are used to investigate the evolution with incident neutron energy of the fragment elemental distribution and the X-ray emission probability per element. The progressive increase of the symmetric ﬁssion probability with neutron energy is observed in qualitative agreement with Wahl systematics for the primary ﬁssion fragment charge yields.
K 0 of granular soils: a particulate approach

The coefﬁcient of earth pressure at rest K 0 of granular soils is revisited by discrete element method simulation. The effects of conﬁning pressure, soil density and over-consolidation ratio (OCR) on the K 0 value are investigated. The coefﬁcients of earth pressure at rest deﬁned in the conventional form K 0 and in the incremental form K (cid:2) 0 are compared. Most importantly, the microstructure of the soils (i.e. coordination number, anisotropies of contact normal and contact force) is monitored during the tests and it is used to explore the microscopic factors affecting the K 0 value of soils. The results suggest that K 0 and K (cid:2) 0 generally approach a similar constant when the applied vertical stress is 6-10 times and 4 times of the initial isotropic stress, respectively. Meanwhile, the K 0 value decreases as the void ratio decreases and the vertical stress increases. The OCR has a signiﬁcant effect on the K 0 value and for the same OCR the K 0 value is quite different during unloading and reloading. Better predictions are obtained by Jaky’s equation and Mayne and Kulhway’s equation if peak friction angle is used. The analyses indicate that the K 0 value depends on the coordination number of the soil, which is consistent with its density-dependent macroscopic behavior. The results also indicate that the K 0 value is closely related to the anisotropy coefﬁcientsofcontactnormal α r ,normalcontactforce α n and tangential contact force α t . During the initial K 0 -loading, α r , α n and α t keep nearly constant and the evolution of K 0 during
Ordered bundles of infrared transmitting silver halide fibers: attenuation, resolution and crosstalk in long and flexible bundles

Flexible ordered bundles of infrared transmitting silver-halide fibers were fabricated by multiple extrusions from single crystals. We have developed flexible bundles of outer diameter 1 mm and lengths up to 2 m, which included 30 to 100 individual elements and the diameters of each element were between 40 to 70 ? m. The transmission losses of individual elements in the bundles were of the order of a few decibels per centimeter. The modulation transfer function of the bundles was determined and the resolution was found to be a few lines per millimeter. The crosstalk was of the order of 30%. Such thin, long, and flexible bundles would be extremely useful for fiber-optic thermal imaging in science, medicine, and industry.
Integrated fragmentomic profile of capture-based low-pass sequencing data enables pan-cancer detection via cfDNA

Using epigenetic markers and fragmentomics of cell-free DNA for cancer detection has been proved applicable. We further combine the two features and explore the diagnostic potential of the features on pan-cancer detection. cfDNA fragmentomic features of 396 low-pass 5hmC sequencing cfDNA data from four common cancer types and controls and corresponding WGS data were investigated. We detected pan-cancer preferred end marker specificity between WGS data and low-pass 5hmC sequencing data. We identified aberrant ultra-long fragments of cancer samples in 5hmC sequencing data, both in size and coverage profile, and showed its dominant role in cancer prediction. We built an integrated model including 63 features for pan-cancer detection with high sensitivity and specificity (88.52% and 82.35%, respectively). We showed that fragmentomic information in 5hmC sequencing data is an ideal marker for cancer detection and that it shows high performance in low-pass sequencing data.
Relation between Mean Boundary-Layer Structure and Cloudiness at the R/V Valdivia during ASTEX

Abstract The relationship between boundary-layer thermodynamic structure and cloud fields and their diurnal variation are explored using seven days of data from dw R/V Valdivia during the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment. Cloudiness is at a maximum before dawn, when the boundary layer (BL) has the thermodynamic structure of a partially mixed, conditionally unstable stratocumulus layer, which is close to mean saturation below the inversion. Cloudiness falls during the daytime, and in the late afternoon the BL has two distinct layers: a warmer, drier cloud layer (characteristic of trade cumulus) above a more well-mixed subcloud layer. The observed mean profiles are consistent with an earlier suggestion that there is a cloud-cover transition once the BL mixing-line slope exceeds half that of the moist adiabat. In contrast, the BL structure in the ECMWF model for the same week has a much drier, warmer, more stable “cloud” layer than the observations.
A cross-sectional study

We aimed to investigate the change in the ability of clinical empathy, which has a special importance in physician-patient relationship, during medical school years, and its relationship between stress coping styles. After the preliminary interview with 292 volunteer medical school students, the students were asked to answer the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, the Stress Coping Scale, and the student version of the Jefferson Doctor Empathy Scale. This study shows that the lowest median of the empathy level among medical school students was in the sixth year, and the decrease in empathy in the sixth year was mostly in the perspective taking component. When the relationship between empathy and coping styles with stress was examined, it was seen that self-confident approach was positively correlated with perspective taking (R = 0.182, P = .002) and standing in the patient’s shoes (R = 0.172, P = .003). It was observed that the helpless approach, which is one of the negative coping styles, was inversely correlated with standing in the patient’s shoes. As a result of the study, it was determined that the styles of coping with stress were related to the components of empathy, except for compassionate care. The self-confidence approach has an impact on the ability of standing in the patient’s shoes and perspective-taking. During medical education, focusing on the approaches that increase the student’s self-confidence against the stress will encounter throughout their professional life will undoubtedly increase the level of empathy.
The impact of mass-media campaigns on physical activity: a review of reviews through a policy lens

Abstract Background This review of reviews aimed to: (1) summarize the evidence from published reviews on the effectiveness of mass-media campaigns to promote physical activity (PA) or PA-related determinants (intermediate psychological and proximal outcomes) and (2) to identify policy-relevant recommendations related to successful PA campaigns. Methods An extensive literature search was performed on 1 March 2021. Reviews that evaluated the impact of campaigns on distal (e.g. PA) and/or proximal outcomes of PA (awareness, knowledge, etc.) and that targeted the general population or subsets were included. Quality of reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 tool. Policy-relevant recommendations were systematically derived and synthesized and formulated as good practice statements. A protocol was registered beforehand (ID: CRD42021249184). Results A total of 1915 studies were identified, of which 22 reviews were included. The most consistent evidence was found for the effectiveness of mass-media campaigns on proximal outcomes, while the evidence for distal outcomes was mixed. Good practice statements were derived: (1) to achieve behaviour change, mass-media is an important component of larger, multilevel and multicomponent strategies; (2) mass-media strategies should be coordinated and aligned at local- and national-level and be sustained, monitored and resourced at these levels and (3) media should be tailored to reduce socioeconomic inequalities. Conclusions Mass-media can play an important role in the promotion of PA. In general, evidence was more inconsistent for effectiveness on distal outcomes than for proximal outcomes. Policy-relevant recommendations include that mass-media strategies should be resourced, coordinated, aligned, sustained, monitored and evaluated on the local and national level.
Multiomic analysis for optimization of combined focal and immunotherapy protocols in murine pancreatic cancer

Background: Although combination immunotherapies incorporating local and systemic components have shown promising results in treating solid tumors, varied tumor microenvironments (TMEs) can impact immunotherapeutic efficacy. Method: We designed and evaluated treatment strategies for breast and pancreatic cancer combining magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) ablation and antibody therapies. With a combination of single-cell sequencing, spectral flow cytometry, and histological analyses, we profiled an immune-suppressed KPC (Kras+/LSL-G12D; Trp53+/LSL-R172H; Pdx1-Cre) pancreatic adenocarcinoma (MT4) model and a dense epithelial neu deletion (NDL) HER2+ mammary adenocarcinoma model with a greater fraction of lymphocytes, natural killer cells and activated dendritic cells. We then performed gene ontology analysis, spectral and digital cytometry to assess the immune response to combination immunotherapies and correlation with survival studies. Result: Based on gene ontology analysis, adding ablation to immunotherapy enriched immune cell migration pathways in the pancreatic cancer model and extensively enriched wound healing pathways in the breast cancer model. With CIBERSORTx digital cytometry, aCD40 + aPD-1 immunotherapy combinations enhanced dendritic cell activation in both models. In the MT4 TME, adding the combination of aCD40 antibody and checkpoint inhibitors (aPD-1 and aCTLA-4) with ablation was synergistic, increasing activated natural killer cells and T cells in distant tumors. Furthermore, ablation with immunotherapy upregulated critical Ly6c myeloid remodeling phenotypes that enhance T-cell effector function and increased granzyme and protease encoding genes by as much as 100-fold. Ablation combined with immunotherapy then extended survival in the MT4 model to a greater extent than immunotherapy alone. Conclusion: In summary, TME profiling informed a successful multicomponent treatment protocol incorporating ablation and facilitated differentiation of TMEs in which ablation is most effective.