Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Perceived Usefulness and Computer Skills on Automation System Adoption in Academic Libraries

Utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) in libraries has greatly advanced library’s operation to be automated base. This arouses the need for new computer skills and amount of benefits to be in place. Automation system as one of the significant changes in the new trend of libraries plays a vital role toward actualizing the mandate of libraries. However, the scenario is different especially in African countries like Nigeria where the rate at which automation systems adoption by libraries can be adjudged to be slow and unsteady. It is against the afore mentioned, that this study assesses the influence of Perceived Usefulness(PU) adopted from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Computer Knowledge(CK) on automation system adoption by academic libraries in Bauchi state. The study adopted cross sectional survey as its research design and 199copies of structured questionnaires were administered to the respondents in order to obtain data for the study. A total number of 185 copies of the questionnaires were retrieved and used for data analysis. Mean, standard deviation, t-test statistics, and regression analysis (multiple regressions) were used to conduct the various analysis of the study. The results obtained from the analysis revealed significant influence of PU and CK on automation system adoption by Bauchi state academic libraries. PU has a P-value of 0.005 and Beta value of 0.211 ( β = .211), likewise CK has a P-value of 0.001and Beta value of 0.251 ( β = .251). In line with the study findings, it is recommended that all stake holders and management of those libraries should continue to give more support to the regular training of staff and purchase of more useful and reliable ICT facilities in order to actualize the expected benefit of the automation system.
Vitamin B12 and Choline Status in a Cohort of Canadian Pregnant Women and their Newborn Infants

This study determined maternal and cord blood concentrations of vitamin B12, choline and their metabolites as well as their association with maternal diet and fetal genetic variants. Dietary intakes of vitamin B12 and choline were assessed in 368 Canadian pregnant women. Concentrations of vitamin B12, choline and their metabolites were measured in maternal blood at recruitment and at delivery, and in the cord blood. Fetal DNA was genotyped for twenty genetic variants in vitamin B12 and choline metabolism. Maternal vitamin B12 and choline metabolite concentrations were the strongest predictors of corresponding cord concentrations. Maternal and cord nutrient and metabolite concentrations were not significantly altered by maternal diet or fetal genetic variants. Our data underscore the importance of maternal vitamin B12 and choline concentrations during pregnancy in fetal development as they are the primary predictors of cord blood concentrations of these nutrients.
Monitoring the Performance of Cold In-depth Recycled Pavements

Cold In-depth Recycling (CIR) of asphalt pavements is an environmentally friendly technique implemented worldwide for the rehabilitation of damaged road pavements. The current paper deals with the monitoring of the early life performance of pavements recycled using the CIR technique through the implementation of mainly Non-Destructive Tests (NDT). In order to achieve this goal the Laboratory of Highway Engineering of the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) undertook a field experiment on a heavy-duty pavement recycled using foamed asphalt as a stabilization treatment. The investigation is based on measurements taken along a trial section of a rehabilitated highway that is part of the Trans European Network (TEN), using both the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). Data analysis results seem to indicate that the in-situ calculated critical strains, as well as the backcalculated moduli appear to be promising criteria to reflect the performance of CIR pavements. GPR data is possible be used for such analysis purposes without a significant deviation in accuracy in comparison with core thickness data. Detailed findings are included and discussed in the present paper.
Quantifying Qualitative Survey Data: New Insights on the (Ir)Rationality of Firms' Forecasts

Using a novel dataset that contains qualitative firm survey data on sales forecasts as well as balance-sheet data on realized sales, we document that only major forecast errors are predictable and display autocorrelation. This result is a particular violation of the Full Information Rational Expectations hypothesis that requires explanation. In contrast, minor forecast errors are neither predictable nor autocorrelated. To arrive at this result, we develop a novel methodology to quantify qualitative survey data on firm forecasts. It is generally applicable when quantitative information, e.g. from balance sheets, is available on the realization of the forecasted variable. Finally, we provide a model of rational inattention that explains our empirical results. Firms optimally limit their degree of attention to information when operating in market environments where information processing is more costly. This results in major forecast errors that are predictable and autocorrelated.
Sex Prediction using Foramen Magnum and Occipital Condyles Computed Tomography Measurements in Sudanese Population

Sex determination is important in establishing the identity of an individual. The foramen magnum is an important landmark of the skull base. The present research aimed to study the value of foramen magnum measurements to determine sex using computed tomography (CT) among Sudanese individuals. Foramen magnum CT scans of 400 Sudanese individuals (200 males and 200 females) aged 18 - 83 years were included in this study. Foramen magnum (length and width), right occipital condyle (length and width), left occipital condyle (length and width), minimum intercondylar distance, maximum bicondylar distance and maximum medial intercondylar distance were measured. All data were subjected to discriminant functions analysis. All nine measurements were significantly higher in males than females. Among these measurements, the right condyle length, minimum intercondylar distance, and foramen magnum width were able to determine sex in Sudanese individuals with an accuracy rate of 83 %.
A FLIPPED CLASSROOM IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION – STUDENT PERCEPTION AND EFFECT ON LEARNING

This study examines a module taught on an engineering programme using a flipped approach, to students who otherwise were taught using a traditional lecture-seminar model. Students’ perceptions of the module and their own evaluation of their use of learning materials were examined, using questionnaires and interviews. Results indicated a high level of engagement, but lower usage of the theory based learning materials, with preference for practical materials. A slight increase in GPA for the flipped classroom cohort was not statistically significant, and the proportion of high achieving students did not change. However, the module reduced the failure rate to zero, indicating that this approach particularly benefits weaker students, while not reducing the performance of abler students.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AMONG NEWBORNS IN ETHIOPIA

Background: Worldwide more than 20 million low birth weights occur annually with the incidence of 15 to 20%, majority of this occur in low- and middle-income countries and 95.6% occur in developing nations. Its regional estimate was 28% in South Asia, 13% in sub-Saharan Africa and 13% in least developed countryObjective: To assess factors associated with low birth weight among newborns in Jugal Hospital, Harari Regional State, Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among newborns in Jugal hospital, Ethiopia from June 01 to July 10, 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with low birth weight among newbornsResults: The magnitude of low birth weight was 19.53%. Women who had previous history of low birth weight had 5.21 times higher odds ratio of delivered low birth weight baby than their counterparts [AOR = 5.21, 95% CI: (1.5-14.2)], and pregnant women who delivered before 37 weeks of gestational age had 4.8 times higher odds ratio of delivered low birth weight neonates than those delivered at term [AOR = 4.8, 95% CI: (1.3-10.4)]Conclusion: The prevalence of low birth weight in Harar, Jugal Hospital was 19.53%. Low birth weight in the previous pregnancy and gestational age 37 weeks, and showed significant association with birth weight neonates. Governmental and non-governmental organizations working on maternal and child health should focus on identified factors in order to tackle the problem of birth weight.
Seroprevalence and Co-Infection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes Among HIV Positives

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is now considered a sexually transmitted disease with particular types being highly oncogenic in nature. High-risk HPV virus infection is a cause of nearly all cases of cervical cancer amongst women. This study determined the seroprevalence of HPV type-16 and type-18 among HIV positive. Blood samples were processed using ELISA test kit and PCR technique. ELISA detected HPV antibodies in 1036(4.4%) of the samples out of which 14(13.6%) and 19(18.4%) were positive for HPV type-18 and type 18 using PCR. People in the age group 51-60 years had an HPV prevalence of 41(77.41%) while those with secondary education had a prevalence of 51(81.0%). Those who did not state the number of sexual partners they had was 92(76.7%). High levels of HPV antibodies were also found among civil servants (n = 52, 50.5%), traders (n = 29, 76.3%) and widows (n = 49, 72.1%). HPV infection was highest among individuals between 41-50 years with HPV type-16 being 9(34.6%) while HPV type-18 was 11(42.3%). HPV infection (type-16) was also recorded in rural dwellers (n = 11, 14.7%) and traders (n = 7, 24.1%). However, type -18 HPV infection among rural dwellers and traders was 22.7% (n = 17) and 37.9% n = 11) respectively. HPV type-16 (n = 11, 12%) and HPV type-18 (n = 16, 17.4%) was also recorded for those that did not state the number of sexual partners they had. Our results show the presence of HPV type-16 and type18 infection among the HIV-1 positive individuals. The results show that HPV is a co-infection in HIV-1 positive individuals. We conclude that some of the major risk factors associated with HPV infection among HIV-1 positive individuals are age and occupational status. There is need to include HPV screening as one of the vital tests during HIV-1 screening since early detection of HPV helps in reducing female mortality due to cervical cancer.
Nonequivalence of erythrocyte sedimentation rate assessed in whole blood anticoagulated with K2EDTA or sodium citrate

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), also less frequently known as “length of sedimentation reaction in blood” (LSRB), is used as non-specific index for assessing acute phase response in patients with many inflammatory diseases (1). Firstly, described by Edmund Biernacki in 1894, and immediately afterwards by Hirszfeld, Fåhraeus and Westergren, the ESR is a clinically valuable test for monitoring a kaleidoscope of inflammatory conditions, and is still the mainstay for diagnosis and staging giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica (2). A c c o r d i n g t o t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o u n c i l f o r Standardization in Hematology (ICSH), the Westergren method is the reference technique for measuring ESR, and shall be performed using blood diluted with trisodium citrate dihydrate (3). Although the ESR assay has been originally validated on whole blood anticoagulated with sodium citrate, the use of whole blood anticoagulated with dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (K2EDTA) has now been endorsed by the ICSH, thus becoming commonplace for many practical and technical reasons. After the 2001, several new automated or semi-automated methods have become available for ESR assessment, based Original Article
The Oral Microbiome: Health Benefits, Disease, and Neurodegeneration

It is a well-known idea that humans have a large set of bacteria housed inside them, but it was not until the year 2001 that Joshua Lederberg would officially coin the term ‘microbiome’ in reference to the ecological community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms that share our body space. Since that time, the advancement of technology has allowed for much more efficient sequencing and studying of the exact microbiota dwelling symbiotically within humans. The oral cavity houses the second highest amount of microbiota in the human body, 700 species, only behind the gut which boasts over 1,000 different bacterial species. This review article explores the large database of research that supports the complex relationship humans have with the bacteria inside them. Many different factors contribute to the formation of a person’s oral microbiome including a person’s lifestyle and diet choices, as well as societal factors such as antimicrobial and pesticide use. Research has suggested that the relationship between microbiome and host is constantly changing to meet the ever-changing conditions pertaining to human life. While some bacterial species can be assistive in helping humans develop adaptive immunity and biofilms, other species can contribute to health complications such as gingivitis, dental caries, and even neurodegenerative diseases. While a lot of research is still needed to establish exact mechanisms on how these bacteria acquire entry into other parts of the body and the central nervous system, it is clear that their impact expands farther than just their oral cavity home. Bacteria in conjunction with human life cannot be seen as all-assistive or all-destroying. Depending on the bacteria present and its location within the body, its effects can be extremely life-sustaining or extremely life-threatening. Rozema N1, Schuiling M2,3, Thompson SO4 and Griffin GD2,3* 1Department of Chemistry, Hope College, USA 2Department of Biology, Hope College, USA 3Department of Psychology, Hope College, USA 4US Army Dental Corps, Office of the Surgeon General, USA *Address for Correspondence Griffin GD, Department of Biology, Department of Psychology, Hope College, 35 East 12th Street, Schaap Science Center Room 2019, Holland, MI 49423, Phone: 616-395-6813, USA; E-mail: griffing@hope.edu Submission: 22 June, 2019 Accepted: 03 August, 2019 Published: 06 August, 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Rozema N, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Review Article Open Access
The Effect of Temperature on the Performance of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

ii Executive Summary . iii Acknowledgements . v Table of Figures . viii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Chapter 2: Background . 6 2.1 History . 6 2.2 Overview . 8 2.2.1 Methanol as Fuel . 9 2.2.2 Anode . 11 2.2. 3 Membrane . 14 2.2. 3.1 Nafion . 14 2.2. 3.2 PBI . 17 2.2. 4 Crossover . 19 2.2. 5 Cathode . 20 2.2. 6 Typical Performance . 22 Chapter 3: Methodology . 26 3.1 Apparatus . 26 3.2 Nafion 117-Based MEAs . 32 3.2.1 Activation . 32 3.2.2 Testing . 33 3.3 PBI-Based MEAs . 33 3.3.1 Activation . 34 3.3.2 Testing . 35 Chapter 4: Results and Discussion . 36 4.1 Nafion 117-Based MEA . 36 4.1. 1 Initial Tests with 1M . 36 4.1. 2 Pressure Study with 1M Feed at 70°C . 37
The prevalence of malnutrition in hemodialysis patients

Introduction: Malnutrition is a complex, multi-factorial and common problem in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis that increases morbidity and mortality rate in them. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 239 hemodialysis patients (162 males and 77 females) referred to three dialysis centers in Ahvaz, Iran in 2018. The nutritional statuswas measured using subjective global assessment (SGA)tool. The anthropometric indices, body mass index (BMI) and biochemical parameters including albumin, triglyceride, C-reactive protein (CRP), and adequacy of dialysis (Kt/V) were also measured in all patients. Results: Based on SGA, 45 (18.8%) patients including 32 males and 13 females had mild to moderate malnutrition while 26 (10.9%) patients consisting of 11 men and 15 women had severe malnutrition. We found a significant association between patients’ gender and malnutrition status (P=0.013). In addition, a significant association was seen between age (P=0.024), BMI (P=0.0001), CRP (P=0.047) and serum albumin concentration (P=0.007) with nutritional status. However, we did not find any significant association between triglyceride, Kt/V and duration of hemodialysis per week with malnutrition (P>0.05). Moreover, BMI, patient’s gender and serum albumin were the significant predictors of severe malnutrition in hemodialysis patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to high prevalence of malnutrition in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis, periodic assessment of nutritional status is necessary for them. Moreover, female patients, CRP, serum albumin and BMI showed a significant correlation with SGA score, which are important to determine the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients (HD) patients.
Clinical Oral Findings and Salivary Analysis of Patients with and Without Diabetes Mellitus

Aims: To compare clinical oral findings and salivary changes in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Material and methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the Endocrinology Clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile Ife (Cases), the controls were volunteers among staffs and students of the hospital community. Participants were interviewed and examined. Saliva was collected using spitting method and salivary flow rate was determined using volumetric method. Salivary PH, Urea, Creatinine and glucose concentration was determined using Randox BT29 4QY kit. Results: Total of 100 diabetics and 100 non-diabetics, mean age 54.81+12.23 yr, participated. History of toothache and gum bleeding was significantly more frequent among diabetic subjects, p=0.001 and 0.001 respectively. Salivary flow rate is significantly lower among diabetics 0.32+0.13 ml/min), flow rate was also lower among female. Salivary glucose, urea and creatinine were significantly higher among diabetics while their urine is more acidic. Older age group showed higher concentration of salivary glucose, urea, creatinine, and reduced pH than in younger population. Data analysis was done using STATA 13 statistical software. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare continuous variables between diabetics and non diabetes Conclusion: Oral problems and saliva alterations are significantly higher among diabetics especially among male participants of older age groups. Clinical significance: The significant association between prevalence of oral lesions among diabetes as well as significant qualitative changes in saliva of diabetes is a potential noninvasive tool of monitoring diabetes and could enhance the multidisciplinary management approach in its management. Oyetola EO1*, Abimbola TA1, Adesina OM2, Egunjobi SM2, Adebayo OF1 and Afolabi OT3 1Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria 2Department of Oral and maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology. Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria 3Department of Child Dental Healthy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria *Address for Correspondence Oyetola EO, Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; E-mail: phemyhoye12@yahoo.com Submission: 04 November 2019 Accepted: 02 December 2019 Published: 12 December 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Oyetola EO, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Research Article Open Access
Factors influencing creep resistance in discontinuously reinforced magnesium metal matrix composites

High-temperature strengthening mechanisms in various discontinuous magnesium metal matrix composites were examined by performing a close comparison between the creep behaviour of these composites and that of their selected magnesium matrix alloys, AZ91 and QE22. It was found that the magnesium AZ91 and QE22 alloys reinforced with 20 vol.% alumina short fibres exhibit an improved creep resistance arising mainly from the load transfer effect and the existence of a threshold stress, respectively. The creep behaviour of 15 vol.% silicon carbide particle-reinforced magnesium AZ91 and QE22 alloys revealed that the creep resistance of the AZ91 alloy was increased through particle reinforcement; by contrast, the creep resistance of the powder reinforced QE22 alloy was deteriorated. A comparison between the creep characteristics of unreinforced squeeze-cast AZ91 and QE22 magnesium alloys and their hybrid composites reinforced with 8 vol.% carbon short fibres and 15 vol.% SiC particulates indicates the dominant importance of the choice of the composite matrix alloy and the reinforcement used. K e y w o r d s: magnesium alloys, composites, creep properties testing, structure, fibres, interfaces
Effects of robot-assisted gait training on lower extremity strength, functional independence, and walking function in men with incomplete traumatic spinal cord injury.

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of robotic treadmill training on lower extremity motor function, functional independence, and walking in men with traumatic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). Patients and methods A total of 30 consecutive male patients (mean age 36.6 years; range, 19 to 53 years) with traumatic incomplete SCI who were admitted to our inpatient clinic of the rehabilitation hospital were included in this study. All patients had conventional rehabilitation for five days weekly. The patients were randomized into two groups as the robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) group (n=15) for 30 min for three times a week for a total of five weeks and the conventional rehabilitation group (control group, n=15). The patients were evaluated sociodemographically and neurologically at baseline. Lower Extremity Motor Score (LEMS), Spinal Cord Independence Measurement-III (SCIM-III), and Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury-II (WISCI-II) were used at baseline, at the end of the fifth week, and at three months after the treatment. Results The mean disease duration was 23±33 months in the RAGT group and 28.6±17 months in the conventional rehabilitation group (p>0.05). A significant improvement was observed in the LEMS, WISCI-II, and SCIM-III scores after the treatment in both groups (p<0.05). The improvement in the LEMS scores was significantly higher in the RAGT group at the end of the fifth week and at three months (p=0.017). The SCIM-III scores were also significantly improved in the RAGT group at the end of the fifth week and at three months (p=0.038). Conclusion Our study results show that conventional rehabilitation is useful in terms of the improvement in the lower extremity motor function, walking, and functional status in men with incomplete SCI. Additional RAGT provides a better improvement in the lower extremity motor function and functional independence.