Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognition and behaviour in learning difficulties and ADHD: A dimensional approach

Background Academic underachievement often accompanies the symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/ impulsivity associated with ADHD. The aim of the present study is to establish whether learning difficulties have the same cognitive origins in this comorbid condition as in children who do not have ADHD. Methods Participants were 163 school-aged children with learning difficulties. Over a third also had a diagnosis of ADHD. Cognition, behaviour and learning attainments were assessed. Results The sample was distinguished by three cognitive and three behavioural dimensions. Learning was equivalently related to cognitive dimensions for children with and without ADHD. A diagnosis of ADHD was associated only with elevated levels of ADHD symptoms and problems with emotional control. Conclusions Distinct dimensions underpin academic learning and the control of impulsive and emotional behaviour impaired in ADHD. Phonological deficits are associated with learning problems in literacy and maths, and impairments in nonverbal and executive abilities with mathematical learning difficulties. The comorbid condition of ADHD combined with learning difficulties reflects independent deficits in the cognitive dimensions critical for learning and in the control of impulsive and emotional behaviour.
Effets de la force de Coriolis sur l'instabilité elliptique en géométries cylindrique et sphérique

The effects of Coriolis force on the elliptical instability are studied experimentally in cylindrical and spherical rotating containers embarked on a table rotating at a fixed rate. For a given set-up, changing the ratio Ω of global rotation to flow rotation leads to the selection of various unstable modes due to the presence of resonance bands, in close agreement with the normal mode theory. No instability takes place when Ω ranges between -3/2 and -1/2 typically. When decreasing Ω toward -1/2, resonance bands are first discretized for Ω > 0 and progressively overlap for −1/2 < Ω < 0. Simultaneously, the growth rates and wavenumbers of the prevalent stationary unstable mode significantly increase, in quantitative agreement with the viscous shortwavelength analysis. New complex resonances have been observed for the first time in the sphere, in addition to the standard spin-over. We argue that these results have significant implications in geoand astrophysical contexts.
Is That Measure Really One-Dimensional?: Nuisance Parameters Can Mask Severe Model Misspecification When Assessing Factorial Validity

Factorial validity is often assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Model fit is commonly evaluated using the cutoff values for the fit indices proposed by Hu and Bentler (1999). There is a body of research showing that those cutoff values cannot be generalized. Model fit does not only depend on the severity of misspecification, but also on nuisance parameters, which are independent of the misspecification. Using a simulation study, we demonstrate their influence on measures of model fit. We specified a severe misspecification, omitting a second factor, which signifies factorial invalidity. Measures of model fit showed only small misfit because nuisance parameters, magnitude of factor loadings and a balanced/imbalanced number of indicators per factor, also influenced the degree of misfit. Drawing from our results, we discuss challenges in the assessment of factorial validity.
Linear analysis on the interfacial instability of a spherical liquid droplet subject to a radial vibration

Precursory surface standing waves for liquid atomization occur on a spherical droplet subjected to a radial time-periodic force. In this paper, we carried out a linear stability analysis on the spherical Faraday instability. With the Floquet analysis, a derived difference equation gives the dispersion relation between the Floquet exponent and the spherical modes. For inviscid instability, the problem can also be reduced to the standard Mathieu equation as the same as its planar counterpart, but the parameters in the equation correspond to different quantities due to the spherical configuration. The analysis shows that increasing the density ratio of the ambient fluid to the droplet narrows the range of possibly excited spherical modes under the same forcing condition. For viscous instability, an additional parameter corresponding to the viscous effects was introduced into the difference equation. With increasing the droplet viscosity, the surface waves with large mode numbers are stabilized and hence a larger forcing amplitude is required to cause instability. Furthermore, the most-unstable spherical mode of the largest growth rate excited in the experimental condition is determined and discussed for its physical interpretation for droplet atomization caused by Faraday instability.
Spectral properties of thulium doped optical fibers for fiber lasers around 2 micrometers

Silica optical fibers doped with rare-earth elements are key components of high-power fiber lasers operating in near-infrared region up to 2.1 μm. In this contribution we deal with preparation and optical characterization of silica-based optical preforms and fibers doped with thulium for fiber lasers operating around 2 μm. A set of fibers with thulium concentration ranges 1000-5000 ppm was prepared by the MCVD solution doping method and characterized. A decrease of fluorescence lifetime of thulium from 487 μs to 378 μs was observed with increasing rare-earth concentration in fiber core. This phenomenon can be explained by energy transfer between ions and ion clustering. Fabricated fibers were suitable for use in fiber lasers.
Journal of Socioeconomics and Development

Using data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) from 2014–2015, this study seeks to analyze the ethnic differences in the return to education in Indonesia. We discovered that IV models, as opposed to OLS estimation, are more suitable to evaluate returns to education in Indonesia. Additionally, rather than treating the ethnicity variable as an instrumental variable, it is preferable to use it as a grouping variable. After segmenting our samples into six ethnic groups, this study discovered that all ethnic groups, with the exception of the Chinese group, match the IV estimation. The non-Chinese groups with the best returns on schooling are Bataknese and Minangnese. The high return on education in these ethnic groups is attributed to the intense excitement for learning that permeates Bataknese and Minangnese cultures as native cultural assets. Earnings are also influenced favorably by marital status, masculinity, employment in the public sector, and urban-rural location. These findings suggest that ethnic and cultural topics should be covered in the national curriculum as well as local curricula. Since these characteristics have a direct impact on salaries, the government should also pay attention to gender segregation, career opportunities, and urban-rural growth.
Efeitos da laserterapia no tratamento de lesões por pressão: uma revisão sistemática

Introducao: As lesoes por pressao acontecem por consequencia de uma pressao aplicada sobre a pele durante um periodo prolongado de tempo e imobilizacao. Elas representam um dos principais problemas de saude publica da atualidade, alcancando indices preocupantes e mortes evitaveis. O objetivo desse estudo foi estudar a eficacia da laserterapia no processo de cicatrizacao de lesoes por pressao. Materiais e Metodos: Tratou-se de uma revisao sistematica da literatura realizada nas bases de dados SCIELO, LILACS e PUBMED e na Biblioteca Virtual de Dissertacoes e Teses da Universidade de Sao Paulo, entre os anos de 2001 e 2017, nas linguas portuguesa e inglesa, utilizando os seguintes descritores: Laserterapia, Laser de Baixa Potencia, Ulcera por Pressao, Lesao por Pressao ou “Laser Therapy”, “Low Intensity Laser”, “Pressure Ulcer”, “Pressure Injury”. Resultados: Foram selecionados onze artigos cientificos, dentre os quais podemos destacar que doses de 4 J/cm 2 com comprimento de onda de 658 nm foram as mais eficazes no tratamento das lesoes por pressao. Discussao: Alguns estudos tem encontrado a efetividade do uso do laser de baixa frequencia na cicatrizacao de lesoes por pressao. A tecnica de aplicacao a laser varia conforme as caracteristicas das feridas, levando-se em conta o aspecto do leito e, principalmente sua dimensao. Conclusoes: Enfatiza-se a necessidade dos enfermeiros se capacitarem em relacao a laserterapia, visando ao tratamento das lesoes por pressao pois, o laser de baixa potencia representa um tratamento promissor para acelerar a cicatrizacao de feridas cutâneas. Como citar este artigo: Bernardes LO, Jurado SR . Efeitos da laserterapia no tratamento de lesoes por pressao: uma revisao sistematica . Rev Cuid. 2018; 9(3): 2423-34 . http://dx.doi. org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i3. 5 74
Analysis of coordination in multi-agent systems through partial difference equationsߞPart I: T

In this second part of the paper we exploit the framework of Partial difference Equations (PdEs) over graphs for analyzing the behavior of multi-agent systems equipped with potential field based control schemes. We consider agent dynamics affected by errors and model the collective dynamics through nonlinear PdEs. Hinging on the properties of the Laplacian operator on graph, discussed in Part I, we prove alignment and collision avoidance both in leaderless and leader-follower models.
The Impacts of Dry Dynamic Cores on Asymmetric Hurricane Intensification

AbstractThe fundamental pathways for tropical cyclone (TC) intensification are explored by considering axisymmetric and asymmetric impulsive thermal perturbations to balanced, TC-like vortices using the dynamic cores of three different nonlinear numerical models. Attempts at reproducing the results of previous work, which used the community WRF Model, revealed a discrepancy with the impacts of purely asymmetric thermal forcing. The current study finds that thermal asymmetries can have an important, largely positive role on the vortex intensification, whereas other studies find that asymmetric impacts are negligible.Analysis of the spectral energetics of each numerical model indicates that the vortex response to asymmetric thermal perturbations is significantly damped in WRF relative to the other models. Spectral kinetic energy budgets show that this anomalous damping is primarily due to the increased removal of kinetic energy from the vertical divergence of the vertical pressure flux, which is related to .
A joint monsoon index for East Asian–Australian monsoons during boreal summer

Using National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis and other data, a joint monsoon index IEAAM is defined for capturing variation features of East Asian summer monsoon and Australian winter monsoon as an entity. The East Asian–Australian monsoons (EAAM) are found to be stronger after 1993 whereas weaker before this year. When EAAM is anomalously strong, cold sea surface temperature anomalies appear around north coast of Australia, facilitating easterly wind near equator to strengthen in lower troposphere and both the Australia High and the northwestern subtropical anticyclone to intensify. The divergent flows emanating from the Southern Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) region and tropical north Pacific, respectively, force Australian High and northwestern Pacific subtropical anticyclone to reinforce. The anomalous convergence around Kalimantan Island links East Asian monsoon to Australian monsoon via the divergent flows. During strong EAAM years, rainfall is surplus over south coast of China and southern Japan whereas deficient over northwestern tropical Pacific and southwestern tropical Indian Ocean.
Correlation between domain wall creep parameters of thin ferromagnetic films

Designing magnetic materials for potential applications based on domain wall motion requires the knowledge of the relationship between physical properties and phenomenological parameters characterizing domain wall dynamics. We address in this work the study of magnetic-field-driven domain wall motion within the creep regime on a prototypical metallic Pt/Co/Pt stack with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. By controlling the deposition characteristics, different magnetic properties are achieved, giving rise to different creep parameters. Those phenomenological parameters are found to collapse in a single linear dependence for all samples based on the same material. Moreover, using data in the literature, we show that the same behavior is observed in Au/Co/Au and Tb/Fe based samples. We therefore obtain a pair of global parameters that fully characterize the family of domain wall velocity-field curves within the creep regime for each group of samples, which can be used as input for the optimization of materials.Designing magnetic materials for potential applications based on domain wall motion requires the knowledge of the relationship between physical properties and phenomenological parameters characterizing domain wall dynamics. We address in this work the study of magnetic-field-driven domain wall motion within the creep regime on a prototypical metallic Pt/Co/Pt stack with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. By controlling the deposition characteristics, different magnetic properties are achieved, giving rise to different creep parameters. Those phenomenological parameters are found to collapse in a single linear dependence for all samples based on the same material. Moreover, using data in the literature, we show that the same behavior is observed in Au/Co/Au and Tb/Fe based samples. We therefore obtain a pair of global parameters that fully characterize the family of domain wall velocity-field curves within the creep regime for each group of samples, which can be used as input for the optimization of materials.
Contributions to the Minimum Linear Arrangement Problem

The Minimum Linear Arrangement problem (MinLA) consists in finding an ordering of the nodes of a weighted graph, such that the sum of the weighted edge lengths is minimized. We report on the usefulness of a new model within a branch-and-cut-and-price algorithm for solving MinLA problems to optimality. The key idea is to introduce binary variables d_{ijk}, that are equal to 1 if nodes i and j have distance k in the permutation. We present formulations for complete and for sparse graphs and explain the realization of a branch-and-cut-and-price algorithm. Furthermore, its different settings are discussed and evaluated. To the study of the theoretical aspects concerning the MinLA, we contribute a characterization of a relaxation of the corresponding polyeder.
Farmers’ Knowledge Towards Aerobic Rice Cultivation in Muktsar District of Punjab

In Punjab rice is cultivated mainly through transplanting method which is more laborious, time consuming and water demanding. Aerobic rice is becoming popular among the farmers to overcome these problems and Muktsar district has adopted maximum area under this technology in the state. Therefore a study was conducted to assess the knowledge of farmers regarding agronomic practices of aerobic rice cultivation covering four villages viz Chattiana, Guri sangar, Dhulkot and Kauni of selected district. A sample of 30 farmers was selected in each village by using random sampling technique. Therefore the total samples size for study was 120 farmers. A knowledge test was developed with 11 items related to different agronomic practices of aerobic rice cultivation. One score was given to correct answer and zero score was assigned to incorrect answer. Majority of the farmers had medium level of knowledge. So, more training programmes should be organized to increase knowledge level of farmers regarding aerobic rice cultivation which will help to make a change in present traditional rice cultivation practices. The tvalue of correlation coefficient indicated that education, operational land holding, annual income, innovativeness and risk taking capacity characteristics of the farmers were positive significantly correlated with their knowledge level regarding aerobic rice cultivation
Azimuthal Distribution of Deep Convection, Environmental Factors, and Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification: A Perspective from HWRF Ensemble Forecasts of Hurricane Edouard (2014)

AbstractForecasts from the operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) based ensemble prediction system for Hurricane Edouard (2014) are analyzed to study the differences in both the tropical cyclone inner-core structure and large-scale environment between rapidly intensifying (RI) and non-intensifying (NI) ensemble members. An analysis of the innercore structure reveals that as deep convection wraps around from the downshear side of the storm to the upshear-left quadrant for RI members, vortex tilt and asymmetry reduce rapidly and RI occurs. For NI members, deep convection stays trapped in the downshear/downshear-right quandrant, and storms do not intensify. The budget calculation of tangential wind tendency reveals that the positive radial eddy vorticity flux for RI members contributes significantly to spinning up the tangential wind in the middle and upper levels and reduces vortex tilt. The negative eddy vorticity flux for NI members spins down the tangential wind in the middle and u.
Experimentation by Industrial Selection

Industry is a major source of funding for scientific research. There is also a growing concern for how it corrupts researchers faced with conflicts of interest. As such, the debate has focused on whether researchers have maintained their integrity. In this article we draw on both the history of medicine and formal modeling to argue that given methodological diversity and a merit-based system, industry funding can bias a community without corrupting any particular individual. We close by considering a policy solution (i.e., independent funding) that may seem to promote unbiased inquiry but that actually exacerbates the problem without additional restrictions.
Shape processing across lateral occipital cortex

There are two predominant means of identifying visual areas in the human brain; retinotopy (exploiting maps of the visual field) and localisers (exploiting functional selectivity). This thesis aimed to bridge those two approaches, assessing the roles of LO-1 and LO-2; two retinotopically-defined regions that show overlap with the functionally-defined (shape selective) Lateral Occipital Complex (LOC). More generally, we asked what is the nature of the shape representation across Lateral Occipital cortex? We first probed the functional roles of LO-1 and LO-2, finding that LO-2 is the more shape-sensitive region of the pair and will respond to second order shape stimuli, whereas LO-1 may process more local cues (perhaps orientation information). Our later work then assessed neural shape representations across visual cortex, identifying two discrete representations; ‘Shape-profile’ (essentially retinotopic responses) and ‘Shape-complexity’ (responses based upon the complexity of a shape’s contour). The latter dimension captured variance in LOC, and surprisingly LO-2. This indicates that even explicit visual field maps can respond to non‑retinotopic attributes such as curvature complexity. Intriguingly, a transition between dimensions occurred around LO-1 and LO-2. Finally, we explicitly tested whether the ‘Shape-complexity’ representation may be curvature based. Our results implied that radial shape protrusions are highly salient features for Lateral Occipital cortex, but it is not necessarily the points of maximal curvature that are being responded to. Instead, we hypothesise that it is the convergent lines comorbid with curvature that neurons may be attuned to, as such lines likely represent the most salient or characteristic features in a given shape. In sum, we argue for an evolving shape representation across visual cortex, with some degree of shape sensitivity first emerging around LO-1 and LO-2. These maps may then be acting as preliminary processing stages for more selective shape tunings in LOC.
Enhanced Polar Outflow Probe Ionospheric Radio Occultation Measurements at High Latitudes: Receiver Bias Estimation and Comparison With Ground‐Based Observations

This paper presents validation of ionospheric Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation measurements of the GPS Attitude, Positioning, and Profiling Experiment occultation receiver (GAP‐O). GAP is one of eight instruments comprising the Enhanced Polar Outflow Probe (e‐POP) instrument suite on board the Cascade Smallsat and Ionospheric Polar Explorer (CASSIOPE) satellite. One of the main error sources for certain GAP‐O data products is the receiver differential code bias (rDCB). A minimization of standard deviations (MSD) technique has shown the most promise for rDCB estimation, with estimates ranging primarily from −40 to −28 total electron content units (TECU = 1016 el m−2; 21.6 to 15.1 ns), including a long‐term decrease in rDCB magnitude and variability over the first 3 years of instrument operation. In application of the MSD method, the sensitivity of bias estimates to ionospheric shell height are as large as 4.5 TECU per 100 km. MSD calculations also agree well with the “assumption of zero topside TEC” method for rDCB estimate at satellite apogee. Bias‐corrected topside TEC of GAP‐O was validated by statistical comparison with topside TEC obtained from ground‐based GPS TEC and ionosonde measurements. Although GAP‐O and ground‐based topside TEC had similar variability, GAP‐O consistently underestimated the ground‐derived topside TEC by up to 7 TECU. Ionospheric electron density profiles obtained from Abel inversion of GAP‐O occultation TEC showed good agreement with F region densities of ground‐based incoherent scatter radar measurements. Comparison of GAP‐O and ionosonde measurements revealed correlation coefficients of 0.78 and 0.79, for peak F region density and altitude, respectively.
THE EFFECT OF INDUSTRY TYPE, FIRM CHARACTERISTICS, AND DECISION SITUATION ON THE UTILIZATION OF STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING TOOLS

This research examines the effect of industry type, firm characteristics and strategic decision situation on the use of strategic decision-making tools, and extend a previous research (Hashem 2017) where the effect of decision-maker characteristics on the selection and utilization of strategic decision-making tools was studied. Following the previous research design and results, nineteen out of thirty five tool classified into three categories, eight industry types, three main characteristics of a company, and two dimensions of strategic decision situation, are analyzed and investigated. According to this research conceptual model, three main hypotheses are formulated and tested. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of tools in strategic decision-making.
Quenching effects for piezoelectric properties on lead-free (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3 ceramics

Lead-free ferroelectric and piezoelectric ceramics, (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BNT), were fabricated by a quenching procedure after sintering, and then their electrical properties were investigated with the aim to increase their depolarization temperature Td. From the measurement of the temperature dependence of dielectric properties, Td increased with increasing quench temperature. The Td of a BNT sample quenched from 1100 °C was 223 °C, which was almost 50 °C higher than that prepared by the ordinary cooling process. From the measurement of P–E hysteresis loops, both the remanent polarization Pr and the coercive field Ec of BNT samples prepared by ordinary firing were almost the same as those quenched from 1100 °C. Additionally, from the measurements by a resonance–antiresonance method, the electromechanical coupling factor k33 of ordinarily fired BNT was 0.45, and that of the quenched BNT was 0.46. From these results, it is clarified that the quenching procedure is an effective way to increase the Td of BNT ceramics without deteriorating ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties.