Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison between REML and Bayesian via Gibbs Sampling Algorithm with a Mixed Animal Model to Estimate Genetic Parameters for Carcass Traits in Hanwoo(Korean Native Cattle)

The aims of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for carcass traits on Hanwoo(Korean Native Cattle) and to compare two different statistical algorithms for estimating genetic parameters. Data obtained from 1526 steers at Hanwoo Improvement Center and Hanwoo Improvement Complex Area from 1996 to 2001 were used for the analyses. The carcass traits considered in these studies were carcass weight, dressing percent, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, and marbling score. Estimated genetic parameters using EM-REML algorithm were compared to those by Bayesian inference via Gibbs Sampling to find out statistical properties. The esti- mated heritabilities of carcass traits by REML method were 0.28, 0.25, 0.35, 0.39 and 0.51, respectively and those by Gibbs Sampling method were 0.29, 0.25, 0.40, 0.42 and 0.54, respectively. This estimates were not significantly different, even though the estimated heritabilities by Gibbs Sampling method were higher than ones by REML method. Since the estimated statistics by REML method and Gibbs Sampling method were not significantly different in this study, it is inferred that both mothods could be efficiently applied for the analysis of carcass traits of cattle. However, further studies are demanded to define an optimal statistical method for handling large scale performance data.
Motor imagery classification method based on relative wavelet packet entropy brain network and improved lasso

Motor imagery (MI) electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have a low signal-to-noise ratio, which brings challenges in feature extraction and feature selection with high classification accuracy. In this study, we proposed an approach that combined an improved lasso with relief-f to extract the wavelet packet entropy features and the topological features of the brain function network. For signal denoising and channel filtering, raw MI EEG was filtered based on an R2 map, and then the wavelet soft threshold and one-to-one multi-class score common spatial pattern algorithms were used. Subsequently, the relative wavelet packet entropy and corresponding topological features of the brain network were extracted. After feature fusion, mutcorLasso and the relief-f method were applied for feature selection, followed by three classifiers and an ensemble classifier, respectively. The experiments were conducted on two public EEG datasets (BCI Competition III dataset IIIa and BCI Competition IV dataset IIa) to verify this proposed method. The results showed that the brain network topology features and feature selection methods can retain the information of EEG more effectively and reduce the computational complexity, and the average classification accuracy for both public datasets was above 90%; hence, this algorithms is suitable in MI-BCI and has potential applications in rehabilitation and other fields.
Reproductive trade-offs in benthic decapod crustaceans of high southern latitudes: tolerance of cold and food limitation

Caridean shrimps comprise the only decapod infraorder in the markedly impoverished high Antarctic decapod fauna. Their presence, with about a dozen species only, was previously assigned to their capability of down-regulating high haemolymph magnesium ([Mg2+]HL) concentrations at low temperatures. This regulation is missing or insufficient in reptant decapods, affecting in particular their scope of activity. This deficiency has been hypothesised as one important factor explaining their extinction during Antarctic cooling in the Tertiary, as evidenced by the fossil record.The present work demonstrates an ecological adaptation in the early life history of decapods to ecophysiological constraints in the cold, primarily a mismatch between reproductive traits and a marked seasonality of primary production and low temperatures increasing with latitude. It is shown that on a macroecological scale, natant decapods show remarkable plasticity in changing their early life history patterns with latitude and decreasing water temperature. These changes include, for example, an increase in egg size, hatching of large and advanced larvae and a reduction of fecundity with latitude. Energy saving traits to abbreviate larval developments such as a strong suppression of the number of instars, low metabolic losses in very thin exuviae during fewer moults, and a loss of highly variable developmental pathways compared to lower latitides, are observed already in the Subantarctic realm of southernmost America. Early larvae generally present a high resistance to starvation, which in combination with an abbreviated larval development allows for a better synchronisation with peaks in food availability. However, caridean larvae rely on primary production, and the evolutionary step towards complete endotrophic larval development, possibly due to phylogenetic constraint, is almost unknown in marine shrimps.The need for food in planktotrophic and extended larval development of ancestor reptants, and the lacking resistance of larvae to starvation as well as their low tendency of suppressing the number of larval instars, is herein supposed to have selected against Reptantia at high latitudes. However, it is shown that lithodid crabs, which evolved fairly recently about 13 to 25 Ma ago, did develop early life history adaptations to cold environments. Two lithodid crab species from the Subantarctic Magellan region (Lithodes santolla, Paralomis granulosa) developed complete food independent lecithotrophic and strongly abbreviated development of demersally living larvae, and a high tolerance to low temperatures typical of the Antarctic. Under present climate conditions, these anomuran crabs may represent a reptant group that might be able to recuperate the polar environments as a habitat for reptants, as already indicated by a few recent records of lithodids off the Antarctic continental shelf.
A modified matrix model to describe the seasonal population ecology of the European tick Ixodes ricinus

Summary 1. The sheep tick Ixodes ricinus is the most multicompetent vector in Europe, which is responsible for significant diseases of humans and livestock throughout the northern hemisphere. Modelling the tick’s complex seasonal dynamics, upon which pathogen transmission potential depends, underpins the analysis of tick-borne disease risk and potential tick control. 2. We use laboratory- and field-derived empirical data to construct a population model for I. ricinus. The model is a substantially modified stage-classified Leslie matrix and includes functions for temperature-dependent development, density-dependent mortality and saturation deficit–meditated probability of questing. 3. The model was fitted to field data from three UK sites and successfully simulated seasonal patterns at a fourth site. After modification of a single parameter, the model also replicated divergent seasonal patterns in central Spain, but any biological factors underlying this geographical heterogeneity have not yet been identified. The model’s applicability to wide geographical areas is thus constrained, but in ways that highlight gaps in our knowledge of tick biology. 4. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the model was generally robust, particularly to changes in density-independent mortality values, but was most sensitive to changes in parameters related to density-dependent mortality. 5. Synthesis and applications. Vector population models allow investigation into the effects of individual environmental factors on population dynamics in ways not easily possible by experimental manipulation of in situ populations. Our model can be used to evaluate public health risk, tick management strategies and potential effects of future environmental change.
The modality of nine Triturus newt hybrid zones assessed with nuclear, mitochondrial and morphological data

The shape of hybrid zones provides insight into genetic isolation between the evolutionary lineages involved: the greater the limitation to gene flow, the farther along the unimodal to bimodal continuum. We study hybrid zone modality in a group of closely related species at a variety of levels of genetic divergence. We explore the degree and the geography of hybridization in 12 transects of Triturus newts, for nine of the ten secondary contact zones in Europe, using nuclear and mitochondrial encoded genetic data and morphological characteristics. Species status is verified by examining the correlation between the three marker systems in a geographical context. At 40 allozyme loci, two transects classify as unimodal, three as bimodal and two as intermediate, while the signal for hybridization is weak or absent in five transects. One zone studied in duplicate was classified as intermediate in one region and as bimodal in another region. mtDNA introgression is frequent and extends beyond nuclear introgression in two transects. Morphology provides additional evidence for hybridity, including one transect for which the signal of nuclear gene flow is weak. Compared to simulations allowing panmixia, the observed allozyme transitions at contact zones show a deficit of backcrossing to various degrees. Over all transects, there is a weak negative relationship between the level of hybridization and allozyme genetic distance for species pairs, consistent with Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller effects. This observation, based upon highly comparable data for a single genus, supports conclusions derived from analyses over a wide variety of other taxa. © 2014 The Authors. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 113, 604–622.
Propiedades físicas y mecánicas de tres especies de guaduas mexicanas (Guadua aculeata, Guadua amplexifolia y Guadua velutina)

Se determinaron algunas propiedades fisicas y mecanicas de tres de las cinco especies del genero Guadua que crecen en Mexico con la finalidad de fomentar su uso en la construccion, aprovechando su comportamiento estructural. Las especies estudiadas fueron Guadua aculeata, Guadua amplexifolia y Guadua velutina sobre las que es conocido que poseen caracteristicas adecuadas para la construccion de vivienda tradicional. Se recolectaron en los estados de Veracruz y Tabasco. Para G. velutina y G. amplexifolia los valores de densidad relativa basica (pa/vv) que se obtuvieron fueron entre 0,399 y 0,393 para la parte basal de los culmos, y de 0,514 y 0,506 para la parte superior. Para esta misma propiedad G. aculeata mostro valores ligeramente mas altos, 0,429 en la parte basal y 0,653 para la parte superior de los culmos. De manera semejante los valores de resistencia en flexion (MOR), en condicion verde, obtenidos fueron, en general, mas bajos para la parte basal y mas altos en la parte superior. Para G. velutina fueron entre 75,5 MPa y 88,3 MPa; para G. amplexifolia de 77,0 MPa y 102,1 MPa; y para G. aculeata de 59,7 MPa a 89,2 MPa.
Analyzing Short Term Momentum Effect on Stock Market of Hong Kong. An Empirical Case Study

Existence of short-term momentum effect is a widely disputed topic. This paper aims to solve the dispute and examine the presence of short-term momentum effect in the stock market of Hong Kong. Empirical results of 16 monthly price momentum investment strategies suggest that short term momentum effect has been found in Hong Kongâ€™s stock market and it is overwhelmingly strong. Future research should focus on investigating momentum effect using weekly and daily price momentum strategies.
Acute-serum amyloid A and A-SAA-derived peptides as formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2 ligands

Originally, it was thought that a single serum amyloid A (SAA) protein was involved in amyloid A amyloidosis, but in fact, SAA represents a four‐membered family wherein SAA1 and SAA2 are acute phase proteins (A-SAA). SAA is highly conserved throughout evolution within a wide range of animal species suggestive of an important biological function. In fact, A-SAA has been linked to a number of divergent biological activities wherein a number of these functions are mediated via the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2. For instance, through the activation of FPR2, A-SAA has been described to regulate leukocyte activation, atherosclerosis, pathogen recognition, bone formation and cell survival. Moreover, A-SAA is subject to post-translational modification, primarily through proteolytic processing, generating a range of A-SAA-derived peptides. Although very little is known regarding the biological effect of A-SAA-derived peptides, they have been shown to promote neutrophil and monocyte migration through FPR2 activation via synergy with other GPCR ligands namely, the chemokines CXCL8 and CCL3, respectively. Within this review, we provide a detailed analysis of the FPR2-mediated functions of A-SAA. Moreover, we discuss the potential role of A-SAA-derived peptides as allosteric modulators of FPR2.
THE INFLUENCE OF GAS COMPOSITION ON THE RESPIRATION RATE OF BANANA (Var. Janten) ON MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE

Respiration rate was generally used as an indicator of the rate of metabolism for agricultural comodities. The research aimed to determine the influence of gas composition to respiration rate and the changes of total acid, sweetness level and hardness level of banana (var. Janten) that was storaged at two different temperatures (room temperature (29 o C) and cold temperature(15 o C)). This research was conducted by modifying the gas composition(O 2 , CO 2 , and N 2 ) in the storage jar. The results showed that respiration rate of banana tended to increase with time at both temperatures. Total acid declined steadily at room temperature but fluctuated at cold temperature. Sweetness level showed an increase and the hardness level showed a decrease with time at both temperatures during the storage process. Modified atmosphere was able to extend shelf life of banana to 12 days at room temperature and 26 days at cold temperature. The best gas composition for banana (var. Janten) was 4% O 2 , 5% CO 2 , and 91 % N 2 (by volume). Keywords: Modified Atmosphere, Gas Composition, Respiration Rate, Total Acid, Sweetness Level, Hardness Level .
Analysis of phylogenetic relationships in Abelmoschus species (Malvaceae) using ribosomal and chloroplast intergenic spacers

India is an important centre of diversity for genus Abelmoschus belonging to family Malvaceae and about eight Abelmoschus species occur here. In the present study the phylogenetic relationships among A. caillei, A. crinitus, A. esculentus, A. ficulneus, A. moschatus, A. tuberculatus, A. tetraphyllus and A. pungens were analysed using modern phylogenetic tools such as nuclear ribosomal spacers (ITS-1, ITS-2) and chloroplast intergenic spacers (trnC-trnD, trnE-trnF, trnH-psbA)to estimate species divergence based on sequence similarity. The study exposed the lack of power of ribosomal spacers ITS1and ITS-2 in resolving the species relationships in complex polyploid genera like Abelmoschus while the analysis of cpDNA intronic spacers revealed that A. ficulneus and A. moschatus are the closest wild relatives of A. esculentus. The study was helpful in redefining the Abelmoschus gene pool and since these species are exclusively found in the Indian sub continent, the centre of origin of okra should be re-addressed properly.
Cytoreductive nephrectomy in metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma: Results from the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC).

581Background: There is evidence that cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) may be beneficial in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but the role of CN in patients with papillary histology is unclear. Methods: Using the IMDC database, a retrospective analysis was performed on patients with papillary mRCC treated with or without CN. Baseline characteristics and IMDC risk factors were collected. Median overall survival (OS) was determined for both patient groups. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to control for imbalances in individual IMDC risk factors. Results: In total, 353 patients with papillary mRCC with (n = 75) or without (n = 278) a component of clear cell histology were identified. Median follow-up time was 57.1 months (95% CI 32.9-77.8) and the OS from the start of first-line targeted therapy for the entire cohort was 13.2 months (95% CI 12.0-16.1). Baseline characteristics are in Table 1 and patients who had CN were more likely to be younger, with better KPS, and have sarcomatoid .
Hubungan kualitas tidur dan karakteristik pasien dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien terpasang infus diruang rawat inap interne RSUD Dr.ACHMAD MOCKTAR bukitinggi tahun 2018

SISKA ELVIANA YESA (22) Menurut WHO (World Health Organization, 2010) setiap tahun diperkirakan sekitar 20%-50% orang dewasa melaporkan adanya gangguan tidur dan sekitar 17% mengalami gangguan tidur yang serius. Di Indonesia belum diketahui angka pasti penderita gangguan tidur, namun prevalensi pada orang dewasa mencapai 20%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas tidur dan karakteristik pasien dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien terpasangan infus di Ruang Rawat Inap Interne RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Buktinggi Tahun 2018. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan desain pendekatan cross sectional, kemudian data diolah dengan menggunakan uji Chi Square (p<0,05). Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 63 orang responden. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 6 sampai 19 Februari 2018. Analisa data secara univariat lebih dari separoh yaitu 30 responden (47,6%) memiliki kualitas tidur baik dan 33 responden (52,4%) memiliki kualitas tidur buruk, lebih dari separoh yaitu 39 responden (61,9%) memiliki karakteristik pasien usia dewasa madya , 45 responden (71,4%) memiliki karakteristik berjenis kelamin perempuan, 37 responden (58,7%) memiliki karakteristik pendidikan SMP dan 34 responden (54,0%) memiliki karakteristik pekerjaan yang bekerja, lebih dari separoh 30 responden (47,6%) memiliki tingkat kecemasan ringan dan 33 responden (52,4%) memiliki tingkat kecemasan sedang. Analisa bivariat ada hubungan kualitas tidur dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien terpasang infus di Ruang Rawat Inap Interne RSUD Dr Achmad Muchtar Bukittinggi Tahun 2018 diperoleh nilai (p value = 0,000), ada hubungan usia dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien terpasang infus diperoleh nilai (p value = 0,008), tidak ada hubungan karakteristik jenis kelamin dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien terpasang infus diperoleh nilai (p value = 0,086), tidak ada hubungan karakteristik pendidikan dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien terpasang infus diperoleh nilai (p value = 0,140), ada hubungan karakteristik pekerjaan dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien terpasang infus diperoleh nilai (p value = 0,000). Saran dalam penelitian ini bagi RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Bukitinggi untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas tidur dan karakteristik pasien dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien terpasang infus dan dapat dijadikan landasan dalam melakukan intervensi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perawat. Kata Kunci : Karakteristik Pasien, Kualitas Tidur, Tingkat Kecemasan.
Identification of thyroid hormone response genes in the remodeling of dorsal muscle during Microhyla fissipes metamorphosis

Introduction Extensive morphological, biochemical, and cellular changes occur during anuran metamorphosis, which is triggered by a single hormone, thyroid hormone (TH). The function of TH is mainly mediated through thyroid receptor (TR) by binding to the specific thyroid response elements (TREs) of direct response genes, in turn regulating the downstream genes in the cascade. The remodeling of dorsal skeletal muscle during anuran metamorphosis provides the perfect model to identify the immediate early and direct response genes that are important during apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation of the muscle. Methods In our current study, we performed Illumina sequencing combined with single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing in the dorsal muscle of Microhyla fissipes after TH, cycloheximide (CHX), and TH_CHX treatment. Results and Discussion We first identified 1,245 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) after TH exposure, many of which were involved in DNA replication, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, cell cycle, apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway, and protein digestion and absorption. In the comparison of the TH group vs. control group and TH_CHX group vs. CHX group overlapping gene, 39 upregulated and 6 downregulated genes were identified as the TH directly induced genes. Further analysis indicated that AGGTCAnnTnAGGTCA is the optimal target sequence of target genes for TR/RXR heterodimers in M. fissipes. Future investigations on the function and regulation of these genes and pathways should help to reveal the mechanisms governing amphibian dorsal muscle remodeling. These full-length and high-quality transcriptomes in this study also provide an important foundation for future studies in M. fissipes metamorphosis.
A view from the edge of the forest : recent progress in understanding the relationships of the insect orders

Research over the last two decades has significantly increased our understanding of the evolutionary position of the insects among other arthropods, and the relationships among the insect Orders. Many of these insights have been established through increasingly sophisticated analyses of DNA sequence data from a limited number of genes. Recent results have established the relationships of the Holometabola, but relationships among the hemimetabolous orders have been more difficult to elucidate. A strong consensus on the relationships among the Palaeoptera (Ephemeroptera and Odonata) and their relationship to the Neoptera has not emerged with all three possible resolutions supported by different data sets. While polyneopteran relationships generally have resisted significant resolution, it is now clear that termites, Isoptera, are nested within the cockroaches, Blattodea. The newly discovered order Mantophasmatodea is difficult to place with the balance of studies favouring Grylloblattodea as sister-group. While some studies have found the paraneopteran orders (Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Phthiraptera and Psocoptera) monophyletic, evidence suggests that parasitic lice (Phthiraptera) have evolved from groups within the book and bark lice (Psocoptera), and may represent parallel evolutions of parasitism within two major louse groups. Within Holometabola, it is now clear that Hymenoptera are the sister to the other orders, that, in turn are divided into two clades, the Neuropteroidea (Coleoptera, Neuroptera and relatives) and the Mecopterida (Trichoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and their relatives). The enigmatic order Strepsiptera, the twisted wing insects, have now been placed firmly near Coleoptera, rejecting their close relationship to Diptera that was proposed some 15years ago primarily based on ribosomal DNA data. Phylogenomic-scale analyses are just beginning to be focused on the relationships of the insect orders, and this is where we expect to see resolution of palaeopteran and polyneopteran relationships. Future research will benefit from greater coordination between intra and inter-ordinal analyses. This will maximise the opportunities for appropriate outgroup choice at the intraordinal level and provide the background knowledge for the interordinal analyses to span the maximum phylogenetic scope within groups.