Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypomethylating agents for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia: Past discoveries and future directions

Azacitidine and decitabine are hypomethylating agents that have dose‐dependent epigenetic and cytotoxic effects and are widely used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this review, we discuss the path to regulatory approval of azacitidine and decitabine, highlighting the substantial efforts that have been made to optimize the dosing schedule and administration of these drugs, including the development of new, oral formulations of both agents. We also review novel combination strategies that are being investigated in ongoing clinical trials for patients with MDS and AML, as well as efforts to expand the current indications of these agents.
Interaction of KCNA5, CX43, and CX40 proteins in the atrial muscle of patients with atrial fibrillation

The objective of the study was to investigate the expression levels of potassium voltage‐gated channel subfamily A member 5 (KCNA5), connexin 43 (Cx43), and connexin 40 (Cx40) in the left atrial appendage of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and the interactions between them. We gathered tissue samples from patients with persistent AF and sinus rhythm and used fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction to evaluate messenger RNA (mRNA) changes of KCNA5, Cx43, and Cx40. Then, we studied the protein levels of KCNA5, Cx43, and Cx40 by immunofluorescence and western blot analysis and the interactions between these proteins were identified by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence colocation, respectively. Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein levels of KCNA5, Cx43, and Cx40 in the AF group were decreased and the positive expression of KCNA5, Cx43, and Cx40 protein was also decreased by immunofluorescence staining in the AF group. In addition, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence colocation revealed that KCNA5 was coexpressed with Cx43 and Cx40 proteins. The expressions of KCNA5, Cx43, and Cx40 were substantially downregulated in the myocardium of patients with AF and KCNA5 interacted with Cx43 and Cx40 proteins, respectively.
Low-frequency variations and optimal excitation in a simple barotropic model with zonal asymmetry

Fundamental dynamics of extra-tropical low-frequency variations were investigated by numerical experiments based on a simple spherical barotropic model with forcing, dissipation and topography. Nonperiodic solutions that show low-frequency variations were obtained for realistic parameter ranges The time average of the solutions has a zonally varying jet structure under the influence of the topography, as the climatological mean state has in the upper troposphere. Some disturbances, which are defined as a deviation from the time average, grew rapidly in a favorable area of upstream and equatorward of the jet maximum. Linear characteristics of the time-averaged basic states, such as eigenmodes, optimal modes, and linear responses of isolated initial perturbations, were examined in detail and were compared with the rapidly growing disturbances in the nonlinear nonperiodic solutions; the rapid growth is explained well by the linear evolution of optimal modes rather than tha t of unstable eigenmode. The wave activity diagnostics reveal the importance of the propagation of Rossby waves in the zonally varying basic state to the growth of disturbances around the jet exit region.
NOTES ON THE BIOLOGY AND SONG OF THE RED-LEGGED SERIEMA (CARIAMA CRISTATA)

Very little, even of an anecdotal nature, has been written on the two living seriemas, the Black-legged or Burmeister's Seriema (Chunga burmeisteri), and the Red-legged, or Crested Seriema (Cariama cristata) (Blake 1977). Yet they are not rare in zoological collections and are fairly common in many areas of South America south of the Amazon. The Redlegged Seriema is found in grasslands and open scrub of central and eastern Brazil from the state of Ceara west to Mato Grosso State and
Purchase discounts on federal holidays: Evidence from the airline industry

Discounts during Thanksgiving and Christmas are common in a variety of retail markets. In this article, we examine whether holiday discounts extend to the airline industry. Exploiting a unique panel of almost 22 million fares, we ﬁnd that fares purchased on a holiday for ﬂights in the sixty-day period following the holiday are 1.8% cheaper, supporting the conjecture that airlines price discriminate when demand is lower than average or when the mix of purchasing passengers makes demand more elastic. These holiday discounts also do not vary with the level of competition, indicating that market structure has no impact on the magnitude of the holiday purchase discount.
Possible Ways to Improve Performance of MOSFET and Challenges

This paper introduced possible ways to improve the MOSFET performance from the perspective of structure and material. The two updated MOSFET models fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) and gate-all-around field-effect transistor (GAAFET) are used to derive the conclusion in this word. To improve structure-based performance, results from simulations show short channel effect and self-heating effects are to be minimized. Strain engineering is studied with material analysis. This paper concluded that performance of FET can be improved by improving the mobility of electrons or holes by changing crystal lattice structure from the perspective of strain engineering. Other than that, changing structure to minimize short channel effect, making channels more spherical shape, and minimizing the thermal resistance and thermal capacitance are proved to be the solutions to improve performance of FET in this paper.
Self Supervised Scanpath Prediction Framework for Painting Images

In our paper, we propose a novel strategy to learn distortion invariant latent representation from painting pictures for visual attention modelling downstream task. In further detail, we design an unsupervised framework that jointly maximises the mutual information over different painting styles. To show the effectiveness of our approach, we firstly propose a lightweight scanpath baseline model and compare its performance to some state-of-the-art methods. Secondly, we train the encoder of our baseline model on large-scale painting images to study the efficiency of the proposed self-supervised strategy. The lightweight decoder proves effective in learning from the self-supervised pre-trained encoder with better performances than the end-to-end fine-tuned supervised baseline on two painting datasets, including a proposed new visual attention modelling dataset.1 2
The role of speed in the

Throwing movements are, of course, not cyclic but acyclic, i.e. single movements with thc terminal link of the kinetic chain being accelerated to the highest possible velocity. Naturally, the masses to be accelerated in this way are very different: 7.26kg (men's shot put and hammer) and BOOg (women's javelin). Since thc throwing events are concerned with accelerating certain masses, the performance determining factor is not so much speed as the ability te discharge energy in an explosive way, i.e. speed-strength.
Internet-enabled e-Banking Systems and Customer Responses Internet-enabled e-Banking Systems and Customer Responses

This paper presents an empirical study of Internet-enabled e-banking systems and customer responses on the basis of structural equation modeling. The results suggest that perceived usefulness, ease of use, system security, quality services and convenience represent the major avenues affecting customer interactions with e-banking services. The findings provide commercial banks with meaningful information for developing commercially sustainable Internet-enabled e-banking systems.
Active Vibration Control for theMitigation ofWheel Squeal Noise Based on a Fuzzy Self-Tuning PID Controller

e wheel squeal noise of a train is often made when it passes a tight curve. e noise annoys the passengers and the people living close to railway tracks. According to the research background, wheel vibration, as a result of unstable contact force, is the main source of wheel squeal noise. is study presents a novel method to reduce wheel squeal noise based on the active vibration control of wheels and the use of piezoelectric actuators attached to wheel treads. e proposed method is implemented in an experimentally validated time model involving the linear dynamics of wheel and track and nonlinear contact forces. en, the model is modied to enhance the eect of the piezoelectric actuators. e relationship between the momentum and the voltage applied to the piezoelectric patch is also considered in modeling. To determine the amplitude and the direction of the applied voltage, a feedback controller is designed based on the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller scheme. is controller is similar to the conventional PID controller, but its coecients are tuned by the fuzzy tuningmechanism according to the wheel response. e results show that the proposed method is capable of suppressing wheel squeal noise, especially in high frequencies. Furthermore, it is as applicable to worn wheels as to new ones.
Histopathological Spectrum And Role Of Clinicopathological Correlation In The Diagnosis Of Vesiculobullous Lesions.

Background Histopathology is an important diagnostic modality for vesiculobullous lesions, however the diagnosis may at times require use of Immunofluorescence techniques which are expensive and not widely available. The aim of this study was to determine the histopathological spectrum of vesiculobullous diseases and to determine the role of clinic-pathological correlation in diagnosing bullous lesions. Methods This was cross sectional validation study conducted in a tertiary care hospital, over a period of 18 months. All the clinically diagnosed cases of bullous diseases were included and examined as histological sections by three histopathologists. Results Out of 58 total cases, the most frequently diagnosed lesions included Pemphigus vulgaris (27%), Bullous pemphigoid (13.8%) and Pemphigus foliaceous (12.1%). Females comprised 55% of cases, age distribution was wide but most patient were in age bracket of 20-39 years. Conclusion There was 89.6% correlation between clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Only 2 cases were sent for Immunofluorescence studies, as histopathology was inconclusive in those cases. Therefore, we conclude that histopathological examination along with clinical correlation is a very useful way of diagnosing vesiculobullous disorders.
2 Theoretical Foundations of Social Media Uses and Effects

Empirical work into the cognitive, affective, and behavioral effects of media use started in the 1920s under the umbrella concept of mass communication. The term mass communication arose as a response to the new opportunities of reaching audiences via the mass media (e.g., film, radio; McQuail, 2010). In early mass communication theories, the mass did not only refer to the “massness” of the audience that media could reach, but also to homogenous media use and powerful media effects, notions that apply increasingly less to the contemporary media landscape (Valkenburg et al., 2016). In the past two decades, media use has undergone a rapid evolution. It has become increasingly individualized, and, with the introduction of social media, undeniably more dynamic and ubiquitous. It is no surprise, therefore, that communication and media effects theories have undergone important adjustments. And it is also no surprise that the mass has turned increasingly obsolete in contemporary media effects theories (Valkenburg & Oliver, 2019). The aim of this chapter is to discuss the communication and media effects theories that may serve as the foundations for research into the effects of social media use on adolescents. To define social media, I follow the definition of Bayer et al. (2020, p. 472): Social media are “computer-mediated communication channels that allow users to engage in social interaction with broad and narrow audiences in real time or asynchronously. ” Social media use thus entails the active (e.g., posting) or passive (e.g., browsing), private (one-toone) or public (e.g., one-to-many), and synchronous or asynchronous usage of social media platforms, such as Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat, TikTok, WeChat, and WhatsApp. The first section of this chapter focuses on three important paradigms of general media effects theories that may help us understand the effects of social media, namely the selectivity, transactionality, and conditionality paradigms. The second section reviews computer-mediated communication theories, which originated in the 1970s, and are still relevant to understand the effects of social media. The third section introduces a transactional affordance theory of social media uses, which is inspired by transactional theories of development
TWO SPATIAL GRAVITY EQUILIBRATORS

This paper describes the design of two spatial gravity compensation devices. The one is an arm-like structure with the same mobility (4dof) as the human arm, which is balanced by two springs. The other is a general suspension unit with full (6dof) mobility, balanced by a single spring. When link and spring masses are considered, rather than just the payload, the latter configuration needs an additional spring or a slight alteration of its structure for complete balance.
Treatment of choledocholithiasis by ERCP, and instrumentation through a T-tube

The treatment of choledocholithiasis has evolved significantly since Robert Abbé performed the first bile duct exploration via choledochotomy in New York in 1889. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), which was initially used for diagnosis, is now only valid as a therapeutic tool. Currently, the main diagnostic methods are magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). The treatment of choledocholithiasis moved from the open surgery in which biliary stenting was routinely performed on a Kehr tube or T-tube, to the endoscopic technique using ERCP, sphincteroplasty and instrumentation with balloons and baskets. Additional techniques are now available such as mechanical or extra-corporeal lithotripsy, endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation and SpyGlass cholangioscopy. The laparoscopic technique has been used for several years in different parts of the world for the treatment of choledocholithiasis. Recent studies even propose performing the primary closure of the bile duct or choledochoduodenostomy, so that the T-tube is not necessary. However, in many other places, and for a variety of reasons, open exploratory surgery and the T-tube continue to be used, being an important option in the treatment of some patients. Case presentation: 88-year-old male patient with recurrent choledocholithiasis and a giant gallstone that was difficult to treat endoscopically, with sepsis of biliary origin, which required open surgical drainage at the emergency room. Choledocotomy was performed, and a T-tube was inserted at the site. Subsequently, a successful joint treatment was performed by the General Surgery Service and the Gastroenterology Service, using T-tube instrumentation and ERCP, respectively.
Can an individual sequence of zeros and ones be random? Russian Math

CONTENTS Introduction Chapter I. The main notions and facts § 1.1. The notion of randomness depends on a given probability distribution § 1.2. Three faces of randomness: stochasticness, chaoticness, typicalness § 1.3. Typical, chaotic and stochastic sequences: ways to a mathematical definition 1.3.1. Typicalness 1.3.2. Chaoticness 1.3.3. Stochasticness 1.3. 4. Comments § 1.4. Typical and chaotic sequences: basic definitions (for the case of the uniform Bernoulli distribution) 1.4.1. Typicalness 1.4.2. Chaoticness Chapter II. Effectively null sets, constructive support, and typical sequences § 2.1. Effectively null sets, computable distributions, and the statement of Martin-Lof's theorem § 2.2. Proof of Martin-Lof's theorem § 2.3. Different versions of the definition of the notion of typicalness 2.3.1. Schorr's definition of typicalness 2.3.2. Solovay's criterion for typicalness 2.3.3. The axiomatic approach to the definition of typicalness Chapter III. Complexity, entropy, and chaotic sequences § 3.1. Computable mappings § 3.2. Kolmogorov's theorem. Monotone entropy § 3.3. Chaotic sequences Chapter IV. What is a random sequence? § 4.1. The proof of the Levin-Schorr theorem for the uniform Bernoulli distribution § 4.2. The case of an arbitrary probability distribution § 4.3. The proofs of the lemmas Chapter V. Probabilistic machines, a priori probability, and randomness § 5.1. Probabilistic machines § 5.2. A priori probability § 5.3. A priori probability and entropy § 5.4. A priori probability and randomness Chapter VI. The frequency approach to the definition of a random sequence § 6.1. Von Mises' approach. The Church and Kolmogorov-Loveland definitions § 6.2. Relations between different definitions. Ville's construction. Muchnik's theorem. Lambalgen's example 6.2.1. Relations between different definitions 6.2.2. Ville's example 6.2.3. Muchnik's theorem 6.2. 4. Lambalgen's example § 6.3. A game-theoretic criterion for typicalness Addendum. A timid criticism regarding probability theory References
Stargazer: A Transformer-based Driver Action Detection System for Intelligent Transportation

Distracted driver actions can be dangerous and cause severe accidents. Thus, it is important to detect and eliminate distracted driving behaviors on the road to save lives. To this end, we study driver action detection using videos captured inside the vehicle. We propose Stargazer, an efficient, transformer-based system exploiting rich temporal features about the human behavioral information, with a simple yet effective action temporal localization framework. The core of our system contains an improved version of the multi-scale vision transformer network, which learns a hierarchy of robust representations. We then use a sliding-window classification strategy to facilitate temporal localization of actions-of-interest. The proposed system wins the second place in the Naturalistic Driving Action Recognition of AI City Challenge 2022 (Track 3)1. The code and models are released2.
of incident adult ADHD: A retrospective longitudinal analysis based on German statutory health insurance claims data

Background. Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (aADHD) is still a largely unrecog-nized psychiatric condition despite its strong impact on individuals ’ well-being. Here, we describe the healthcare situation of individuals with incident aADHD over 4years before and 4years after initial administrative diagnosis. Methods. A retrospective, longitudinal cohort analysis was conducted using German claims data. The InGef database contained approximately 5 million member-records from over 60 nationwide statutory health insurances (SHI). Individuals were indexed upon initial diagnosis of aADHD. Results. Average age at diagnosis of aADHD was 35years, and 60% of individuals were male. Comorbidities, resource use, and healthcare costs were substantial before initial diagnosis and decreased within the 4years thereafter. Only 32% of individuals received initial ADHD medication and adherence was low. The majority received psychotherapy. Individuals with initial ADHD medication showed the highest share in comorbidities, physician visits, medication use for comorbidities, psychotherapy, and costs. Overall, healthcare costs were at over € 4,000 per individual within the year of aADHD diagnosis. Conclusions. We conclude that earlier recognition of aADHD could prevent the development and aggravation of comorbid mental illnesses. At the same time, comorbid conditions may have masked ( “ over-shadowed ” ) aADHD and delayed diagnosis. The burden of disease in aADHD is high, which was noticeable especially among individuals who received initial ADHD-medication, suggesting that psychopharmacological treatment was mainly considered for the most severely ill. We conclude that measures to facilitate access of aADHD patients to clinical experts are required to improve reality of care in the outpatient setting.
Deep Image Interpolation: A Unified Unsupervised Framework for Pansharpening

Pansharpening, whose aim is to acquire high resolution multispectral data (HRMS) by the fusion of low resolution multispectral data (LRMS) and panchromatic data (PAN), is a specific mission of spatial-spectral fusion in remote sensing field. In recent years, deep learning methods have proved the most feasible methods for pansharpening task. However, these deep learning methods have difficulty in training in an unsupervised manner and become useless when it comes to the condition where no training dataset is available. In this paper, we propose a universal algorithm called deep image interpolation for pansharpening task. The main idea is achieving high-quality fusion results by interpolating two low-quality multispectral images in a deep neural network. We apply it to two conditions: 1) unsupervised training a network when there are enough datasets; 2) directly optimizing the fusion result where no training datasets are available. Simulation and real-data experiments are conducted on various kinds of satellite data. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation results illustrate that the proposed method outperforms traditional pansharpening methods and even catch up with those supervised methods to some extent.
School-based bully prevention and violence

This paper reviews the literature available on several bully prevention/violence awareness programs. Also discussed is the significance of prevention programs and the roles they can play in today's school systems. It includes a definition of bullying behavior and describes the several types of bullying prevalent in schools today that most programs attempt to address. Additionally, it includes a brief history of bully prevention programs, with a look at the zero tolerance movement, an initiative that has not been overly successful in the past with regards to aggression in schools. The paper also explores the effects of bullying on the victim and includes a review of recent research on preservice teacher reactions to school-ground teasing. Following that are descriptions of several programs that have been found to be successful or partially successful in reducing aggression. The composition of each program is included and the strengths and limitations intrinsic to the initiative are examined. Elements necessary to make a program successful are discussed in the conclusion. Chapter 1: Introduction "Setting the Stage" Table of