Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Severe acute postoperative pain self-reported by children after ambulatory surgeries: a cohort study.

OBJECTIVES to estimate the incidence and the risk factors for severe acute postoperative pain self-reported on the first day after hospital discharge. METHODS cohort study with 279 children from both sexes (5-12 years old), indicated for ambulatory surgery in two Brazilian hospitals. Children were assessed at the pre-surgery, immediate postoperative and first postoperative day. Faces Pain Scale-Revised and Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale Modified were used. Severe postoperative pain was defined as score ≥6. Cox regression analyses were used. RESULTS the incidence of severe postoperative pain was 15.8% (95%CI:10.7%-20.4%) on the first postoperative day. Preoperative anxiety (HR=2.23; p=0.049), severe preoperative pain (HR=2.78; p=0.031) and having undergone two surgical procedures (HR=2.91; p=0.002) were associated with severe postoperative pain. CONCLUSIONS the incidence of severe postoperative pain self-reported after hospital discharge was high. Anxiety and severe preoperative pain, in addition to performing two surgical procedures at the same time were confirmed as risk factors.
Depressed right ventricular systolic function in heart failure due to constrictive pericarditis

Heart failure in constrictive pericarditis (CP) is attributed to impaired biventricular diastolic filling. However, diseases that cause CP due to myocardial infiltration and fibrosis can also impair biventricular systolic function (sf) and contribute to heart failure. This study of patients with CP examined biventricular sf and the effect of myocardial infiltration by pericardial diseases and the resulting fibrosis on ventricular sf.
Distance disintegration characterizes node‐level topological dysfunctions in cocaine addiction

Previous investigations have used global graph theory measures in order to disentangle the complexity of the neural reorganizations occurring in cocaine use disorder (CUD). However, how these global topological alterations map into individual brain network areas remains unknown. In this study, we used resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to investigate node‐level topological dysfunctions in CUD. The sample was composed of 32 individuals with CUD and 32 healthy controls, matched in age, years of education and intellectual functioning. Graph theory measures of optimal connectivity distance, node strength, nodal efficiency and clustering coefficient were estimated in each participant using voxel‐wise functional connectivity connectomes. CUD individuals as compared with healthy controls showed higher optimal connectivity distances in ventral striatum, insula, cerebellum, temporal cortex, lateral orbitofrontal cortex, middle frontal cortex and left hippocampus. Furthermore, clinical measures quantifying severity of dependence were positively related with optimal connectivity distances in the right rolandic operculum and the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex, whereas length of abstinence was negatively associated with optimal connectivity distances in the right temporal pole and the left insula. Our results reveal a topological distancing of cognitive and affective related areas in addiction, suggesting an overall reduction in the communication capacity of these regions.
Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Functional Independence, and Falls among People with HIV

Abstract Chronic disease management coupled with education may improve outcomes for those with chronic disease. As Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is now a chronic disease, addressing the needs of as people living with HIV (PLWH) is essential as they experience an accelerated aging process due to the mechanisms of the disease and medications taken. Although studies exist on the management of chronic HIV, few discuss the implications of medication adherence and activities of daily living related to falls among PLWH. To inform occupational therapy services for PLWH, this case-control study used extracted data from the electronic medical records of PLWH who had received occupational therapy (OT) at a large academic hospital. Two-hundred-and-four subjects were included in the final dataset; sixty-eight were cases that reported a fall within the last 12 months, while 136 were controls which were PLWH who had not sustained a fall. The association between falls and antiretroviral therapy adherence indicated males who were ART non-adherent and had balance deficits were more likely to fall. The association between ADL dysfunction and falls among PLWH showed those more likely to fall had moderate ADL dysfunction and balance deficits. The findings suggest further examination of the person factors of PLWH who are categorized clinically as non-adherent with antiretroviral therapy and have ADL dysfunction may improve health outcomes and reduce falls when paired with occupation-based interventions.
Symptom prevalence, burden and correlates among people living with HIV in Vietnam: a two-centre self-report study

ABSTRACT Physical and psychological symptoms among people living with HIV (PLWH) adversely affect quality of life and treatment adherence. Study objectives were: (i) to determine validity and reliability of a Vietnamese translation of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale–Short Form (MSAS-SF) among PLWH in Vietnam; (ii) to measure prevalence and burden of physical and psychological symptoms using the MSAS-SF including the Global Distress Index (GDI), Physical Distress subscale (PHYS), and Psychological Distress subscale (PSY); (iii) to identify symptom burden risk factors. We recruited 567 patients. Cronbach’s alpha scores were: total MSAS-SF 0.91, GDI 0.83, PHYS 0.85, PSYCH 0.81. The scale showed good discriminant validity (low vs high function) (p < 0.001). The mean number of symptoms was 7.66, and the most prevalent were “worrying” (41.6%), “lack of energy” (40.6%), “feeling irritable” (40.4%), and “feeling sad” (39.2%). Monthly income below the poverty line was independently associated with increased: GDI,, PHYS, and PSY and a greater number of symptoms. The Vietnamese version of the MSAS-SF is valid to measure symptom prevalence and burden in HIV-positive populations. Here is a high symptom prevalence and burden among PLWH in Vietnam, especially those living in poverty, and a great need for palliative care integrated with HIV treatment.
Plant parasitic cyst nematodes redirect host indole metabolism via NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS to promote infection.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in response to infections often activate immune responses in eukaryotes including plants. In plants, ROS are primarily produced by plasma membrane-bound NADPH oxidases called respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh). Surprisingly, Rbohs can also promote the infection of plants by certain pathogens, including plant parasitic cyst nematodes. The Arabidopsis genome contains 10 Rboh genes (RbohA-RbohJ). Previously, we showed that cyst nematode infection causes a localized ROS burst in roots, mediated primarily by RbohD and RbohF. We also found that plants deficient in RbohD and RbohF (rbohD/F) exhibit strongly decreased susceptibility to cyst nematodes, suggesting that Rboh-mediated ROS plays a role in promoting infection. However, little is known of the mechanism by which Rbohs promote cyst nematode infection. Here, using detailed genetic and biochemical analyses, we identified WALLS ARE THIN1 (WAT1), an auxin transporter, as a downstream target of Rboh-mediated ROS during parasitic infections. We found that WAT1 is required to modulate the host's indole metabolism, including indole-3-acetic acid levels, in infected cells and that this reprogramming is necessary for successful establishment of the parasite. In conclusion, this work clarifies a unique mechanism that enables cyst nematodes to use the host's ROS for their own benefit.
Aspirin using was associated with slower cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease

We aimed to examine whether the use of aspirin is associated with change in cognitive performance over time, and whether this association is modified by the cognitive stages. This study included a total of 1866 subjects, including 509 subjects with normal cognition (NC), 985 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 372 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In each group, we further categorized our subjects into two groups based on their aspirin using conditions: Aspirin users and non-aspirin users. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was the cognitive outcome. Linear mixed models were conducted to examine the longitudinal relationship between the use of aspirin and cognitive performance in each diagnostic group. In the cross-sectional analysis, there were no significant differences in MMSE scores between non-aspirin users and aspirin users in subjects with NC, subjects with MCI or patients with AD. In the longitudinal analysis, we detected an association of the baseline use of aspirin with cognitive decline (MMSE) over time in patients with AD, but not in the NC group or MCI group. Specifically, in AD patients, the use of aspirin at baseline was associated with slower cognitive decline over time. Our data may support an association between the use of aspirin and slower cognitive decline, while this association may be dependent on the clinical stages.
Triticale flour in bakery and rusk products

This paper researches the properties of two triticale varieties and three selection lines developed in Bashkortostan. The organoleptic indicators were typical of a standard grain; all the samples had a high protein content level. Gluten weight ratio matched the grain genotype. The falling number of the studied samples was low. Hydrothermal processing modes for triticale grain before grinding were optimized. The studied varieties and lines were found to yield 65.15%–70.18% of the flour. The conducted polynomial two-factor regression analysis proved that the flour yield factor is the grain softening period lasting 6 h. The dough deformation energy of the obtained flour samples was 67–129 units, the falling number 104–155 s indicates the low baking properties of the flour, thereby it was suggested to make brittle and crisp bakery products as crispbread and breadsticks. A breadstick formula with 60% wheat flour replaced with triticale flour was developed. The number of spore Rope bacteria increased slightly during the shelf life but did not exceed the permissible values. There have been developed formulas and methods to make crispbreads for producing crackers with triticale bran of 40% have been developed.
Ticagrelor versus Prasugrel in acute coronary syndrome: sex-specific analysis from the RENAMI Registry.

BACKGROUND The use of potent P2Y12 inhibitors (ticagrelor & prasugrel) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is a class I recommendation. We performed a sex-specific analysis comparing the difference in efficacy and safety outcomes between ticagrelor and prasugrel in a real-world ACS population. METHODS Data from the multicentre REgistry of New Antiplatelets in patients with Myocardial Infarction for 4424 ACS patients who underwent PCI and were treated with ticagrelor or prasugrel between 2012 to 2016 were analysed. Mean follow-up was 17 ± 9 months. RESULTS After propensity score matching, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of primary endpoint of net adverse cardiac events between the ticagrelor and prasugrel in men (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.69-1.29; p=0.71), or women (HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.63-2.20; p=0.62; p interaction [sex] = 0.40). Similarly, no differences were found in the occurrence of any of the secondary endpoints (MACE, all cause death, reinfarction, stent thrombosis, BARC major bleeding and BARC any bleeding) between the two P2Y12 groups between men and women. CONCLUSIONS In this real-world ACS population, no relative difference in efficacy or safety outcomes were found between ticagrelor and prasugrel between sexes.
Effect of the lockdown on diurnal patterns of emotion expression in Twitter

ABSTRACT Diurnal variation in psychometric indicators of emotion found in Twitter content has been known for many years. The degree to which this pattern depends upon different environmental zeitgebers has been difficult to determine. The nationwide lockdown in the United Kingdom in spring 2020 provided a unique government-mandated experiment to observe the temporal variation of psychometric indicators in the absence of certain specific social rhythms related to commuting and workplace social activities as well as many normal home-based social activities. We therefore analyzed the aggregated Twitter content of 54 UK cities in the 9 weeks of complete lockdown, comparing them with the 10 weeks that preceded them (as well as with the corresponding weeks of 2019). We observed that the key indicators of emotion retained their diurnal behavior. This suggests that even during lockdown there are still sufficient zeitgebers to maintain this diurnal variation in indicators of emotion.
Mechanisms of action of fascial plane blocks: a narrative review

Background Fascial plane blocks (FPBs) target the space between two fasciae, rather than discrete peripheral nerves. Despite their popularity, their mechanisms of action remain controversial, particularly for erector spinae plane and quadratus lumborum blocks. Objectives This narrative review describes the scientific evidence underpinning proposed mechanisms of action, highlights existing knowledge gaps, and discusses implications for clinical practice and research. Findings There are currently two plausible mechanisms of analgesia. The first is a local effect on nociceptors and neurons within the plane itself or within adjacent muscle and tissue compartments. Dispersion of local anesthetic occurs through bulk flow and diffusion, and the resulting conduction block is dictated by the mass of local anesthetic reaching these targets. The extent of spread, analgesia, and cutaneous sensory loss is variable and imperfectly correlated. Explanations include anatomical variation, factors governing fluid dispersion, and local anesthetic pharmacodynamics. The second is vascular absorption of local anesthetic and a systemic analgesic effect at distant sites. Direct evidence is presently lacking but preliminary data indicate that FPBs can produce transient elevations in plasma concentrations similar to intravenous lidocaine infusion. The relative contributions of these local and systemic effects remain uncertain. Conclusion Our current understanding of FPB mechanisms supports their demonstrated analgesic efficacy, but also highlights the unpredictability and variability that result from myriad factors at play. Potential strategies to improve efficacy include accurate deposition close to targets of interest, injections of sufficient volume to encourage physical spread by bulk flow, and manipulation of concentration to promote diffusion.
Radiant: efficient page table management for tiered memory systems

Modern enterprise servers are increasingly embracing tiered memory systems with a combination of low latency DRAMs and large capacity but high latency non-volatile main memories (NVMMs) such as Intel’s Optane DC PMM. Prior works have focused on the efficient placement and migration of data on a tiered memory system, but have not studied the optimal placement of page tables. Explicit and efficient placement of page tables is crucial for large memory footprint applications with high TLB miss rates because they incur dramatically higher page walk latency when page table pages are placed in NVMM. We show that (i) page table pages can end up on NVMM even when enough DRAM memory is available and (ii) page table pages that spill over to NVMM due to DRAM memory pressure are not migrated back later when memory is available in DRAM. We study the performance impact of page table placement in a tiered memory system and propose Radiant, an efficient and transparent page table management technique that (i) applies different placement policies for data and page table pages,(ii) introduces a differentiating policy for page table pages by placing a small but critical part of the page table in DRAM, and (iii) dynamically and judiciously manages the rest of the page table by transparently migrating the page table pages between DRAM and NVMM. Our implementation on a real system equipped with Intel’s Optane NVMM running Linux reduces the page table walk cycles by 12% and total cycles by 20% on an average. This improves the runtime by 20% on an average for a set of synthetic and real-world large memory footprint applications when compared with various default Linux kernel techniques.
Network Embedding on Hierarchical Community Structure Network

Network embedding is a method of learning a low-dimensional vector representation of network vertices under the condition of preserving different types of network properties. Previous studies mainly focus on preserving structural information of vertices at a particular scale, like neighbor information or community information, but cannot preserve the hierarchical community structure, which would enable the network to be easily analyzed at various scales. Inspired by the hierarchical structure of galaxies, we propose the Galaxy Network Embedding (GNE) model, which formulates an optimization problem with spherical constraints to describe the hierarchical community structure preserving network embedding. More specifically, we present an approach of embedding communities into a low-dimensional spherical surface, the center of which represents the parent community they belong to. Our experiments reveal that the representations from GNE preserve the hierarchical community structure and show advantages in several applications such as vertex multi-class classification, network visualization, and link prediction. The source code of GNE is available online.
Guest Column

Communication complexity studies the amount of communication necessary to compute a function whose value depends on information distributed among several entities. Yao [Yao79] initiated the study of communication complexity more than 40 years ago, and it has since become a central eld in theoretical computer science with many applications in diverse areas such as data structures, streaming algorithms, property testing, approximation algorithms, coding theory, and machine learning. The textbooks [KN06,RY20] provide excellent overviews of the theory and its applications.
What would you do? Children’s hypothetical responses to hearing negative and positive gossip involving friends and classmates

The current study examined children and adolescents’ hypothetical responses to hearing negative or positive gossip shared by a friend or a classmate that targeted either a friend or a classmate. Participants (N = 134, ages 8–16) read eight stories and were asked to take the perspective of the gossip listener and indicate how they would respond, a 2 (valence: negative or positive) × 4 (relationship type: friend or classmate of the sharer and target) design. Participants’ responses to how they would react were coded as encouraging, neutral, or discouraging. The findings showed that negative gossip shared by a classmate that targeted a friend had more discouraging responses than negative gossip shared by a friend targeting a classmate. Furthermore, positive gossip shared by a friend that targeted another friend had more neutral responses than positive gossip shared by a classmate that targeted a friend or another classmate, which had more encouraging responses. Age and gender differences revealed that adolescents provided more neutral responses overall, compared to children, and girls provided more discouraging responses for negative gossip than boys. This study provides information on how children and adolescents think they should respond to gossip. This can help school professionals address neutral attitudes toward gossip and prevent engagement in gossip behavior.
Validity of a Measure of Critical Thinking Skills 1

Based on data from 343 subjects, results suggest that Thompson's Test of Critical Thinking Skills has reasonable item difficulty and discrimination coefficients and appears to be valid. Construct validity was investigated by administering the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the Group Embedded Figures Test. Although conclusions must be considered tentative pending additional study, the results warrant continued inquiry regarding the measure's value.
Counting What Counts: How to Reach Outcomes That Truly Matter to Parkinson's Patients

“Not everything that can be counted, counts and not everything that counts can be counted. ” This quote, often misattributed to Einstein, was in fact written by sociologist William Bruce Cameron, referring to the difference between his field of study and the science of economics. The premise that it is difficult to measure what is important and that those measurements are likely to be incomplete is certainly pertinent to our work with diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), which lacks quantitative biomarkers to diagnose and follow its progress and response to treatment, established or experimental. Currently incurable, this progressive neurodegenerative disease has devastating effects on quality of life, insidiously impacting the physical, social, and mental health of patients. The balance between symptom control and disabling side effects becomes even more tenuous as the disease advances. Patients with advanced PD have often reached their limit in terms of disease control, with standard therapies resulting in disabling on and off periods that significantly affect their quality of life. This is currently the inevitable reality of advanced PD—disability. At this point in the disease trajectory, clinicians and patients alike look toward more advanced therapies and more invasive treatments that may prolong a patient’s independence and optimize their life experience.
Basic Concepts of Magnetic Water Treatment

In this paper are submitted data on longevity factors and mountain water in factorial research of phenomenon of longevity in mountainious and field areas of Bulgaria. The dependence was established among various internal and external factors on a phenomenon of longevity – residence area, health status, gender and heredity. It was shown that water is among the most important factors for longevity. Natural waters derived from various Bulgarian water springs were investigated by non-equilibrium energy (NES) and differential non-equilibrium energy spectrum of water (DNES) method. The biological effects of water with varrying content of deuterium are also discussed. It was shown, that the increased content of deuterium leads to physiological, morphological and cytology alterations of the cell, and also renders negative influence on cellular metabolism, while deuterium depleted water with reduced deuterium content on 20–30 % has beneficial effects on health. By using IR-spectroscopy were investigated various samples of water with varying contents of deuterium, received from Bulgarian water springs and blood serum of cancer patients as well. As estimation factor was measured the values of the average energy of hydrogen bonds (∆EH.O) among H2O molecules, as well as local maxima in the IR-spectra of various samples of water and human blood serum at -0,1387 eV and wavelength 8,95 μm. For a European Journal of Molecular Biotechnology, 2014, Vol.(4), № 2 53 group of people in critical condition of life and patients with malignant tumors the greatest values of local maxima in IR-spectra are shifted to lower energies relative to the control group. This testifies to the structural changes of water. The obtained results testify to necessity of consumption of clean natural water which quality satisfies mountain water from Bulgarian water springs. Keywords: deuterium; heavy water; deuterium depleted water; longevity; mountain water; NES; DNES.