Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of nature of science representations in five Chinese high school physics textbooks

ABSTRACT Formal understanding of the nature of science (NOS) has been considered to be a major contributor to nurturing students’ scientific literacy. In China, this view has been endorsed in the new standard for high school physics curriculum, which has guided the development of the new generation physics textbooks. Following the analytical framework established in the recent literature, this study evaluates the NOS representations in five textbooks approved by the Chinese Ministry of Education regarding the extent, the manner (explicit vs. implicit), the accuracy and completeness (from naïve to informed), and the overall consistency of different aspects of NOS. The results show that the representations of NOS in all five physics textbooks are far from satisfactory. The aspects of NOS are fully represented by only three textbooks. For all textbooks, the NOS representations are distributed unevenly throughout the contents, most of which are presented in a few pages of the preface and postscript chapters. Meanwhile, more than half of the aspects are represented implicitly, and the scientific method is poorly or inconsistently represented in three of the five textbooks. It is suggested that NOS needs to be represented explicitly and distributed evenly throughout a textbook in future revisions of the textbooks.
Gender inequality in sport: perceptions and experiences of generation Z

ABSTRACT Research on Generation Z’s (Gen Z) sport education is limited in scope. This study explores Gen Z’s perceptions of gender equity in sport, with a focus on topic areas that warrant attention in sport management higher education courses to increase awareness around gender inequality. This study of Gen Z students across four European countries, including Belgium, Norway, Netherlands and England, was conducted through eight focus groups. The 54 participants, all born after 1995, were enrolled in an (under)graduate sport programme. Through a thematic analysis, we identified four distinct, yet inter-related themes, and explored their link to the interacting processes from Acker’s work (1990. Hierarchies, jobs, bodies: A theory of gendered organizations. Gender and Society, 4(2), 139–158). Results indicate that intercultural differences exist. Participants demonstrate an awareness of gender inequality in the media and in school sport, while also illustrating how disparities are shaped in school and sport contexts. These findings are encouraging for developing further social transformation, as awareness is the first hurdle to overcome when working towards social change. Awareness around gender inequality could further be increased in higher education by focusing on knowledge gaps found in this study such as the underrepresentation of women in coaching positions or officiating roles, the lower status job roles congruent to traditional gender norms and the use of quota schemes. The results of this study are relevant for sport and physical education scholars to address and continue challenging traditional gender stereotypes and beliefs as well as foster career and leadership aspirations for the next generation of prospective employees.
A narrative review of care for patients on maintenance kidney replacement therapy during the COVID-19 era

COVID-19 has inflicted the whole world since the end of 2019 and may transform the provision of care of kidney replacement therapy (KRT). This narrative review aimed to summarize the impacts of COVID-19 on the continuity of KRT and the strategies healthcare facilities adopted to ensure the accessibility and continuity of the care. Management for KRT patients infected with COVID-19 was not within the scope of this review. We searched online publications in PubMed and Sinomed before November 2020, using search terms "COVID-19", "care", and "kidney replacement therapy". We found that COVID-19 affected the care cascade of KRT, the choice of treatment modalities, and self-care of individuals on maintenance treatment. Healthcare providers adopted the strategies including preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), using telehealth in the care cascade, and patients' health education and psychosocial support. We concluded that the pandemic has challenged the current provision of care and has a profound influence on the convey of renal care. © 2021 Pediatric Medicine.
Effect of phosphorus, lime and boron application on the changes in available B and P content of Aeric haplaquept

In a laboratory incubation experiment on a boron-deficient Aerie Haplaquept application of P and lime either alone or in combination increased the content of available B in soil. Similar synergistic relationship was obselVed on the content of available P in soil due to application of B and lime. None of the treatment combinations could record any favourable influence in maintaining higher proportion of applied B in available form in the soil.
Livelihood Adaptation of Rural Households under Livelihood Stress: Evidence from Sichuan Province, China

The welfare of many poor and low-income rural households is vulnerable to earthquakes and secondary geological disasters. The academic literature, however, pays little attention to the livelihood pressure, adaptability, and livelihood strategies of these households. Based on the survey data of 327 rural households in the Wenchuan and Lushan earthquake-stricken areas in the Sichuan Province, the livelihood pressure, adaptability, and livelihood strategy characteristics of rural households were analyzed, and the disordered multi-classification logistic regression model was constructed to explore the correlation between the above-mentioned variables. The results show that: (1) Rural households face the greatest economic pressure and the least social pressure; rural households have the strongest adaptability in social capital and the lowest adaptability in financial capital. The proportion of rural households that chose the aid livelihood strategy was the highest, while the proportion of rural households that chose the adjustment livelihood strategy was the lowest. (2) Compared with the expanded livelihood strategy, (a) When the health pressure is higher, the rural households are more inclined to choose the expanded livelihood strategy, followed by the contractive livelihood strategy and, finally, the aid livelihood strategies; (b), the higher the physical capital, the more often the rural households tend to choose the expanded livelihood strategy compared to the adjustment livelihood strategy; (c), The higher the financial capital of farm households, the more they prefer contractive livelihood strategies compared to the expanded livelihood strategy and (d), compared with the aid livelihood strategy, rural households with greater economic pressure are more inclined to choose the expanded livelihood strategy.This study can provide a reference for the establishment of relevant policies related to the adaptation capacity of rural households in the earthquake hazard zone.
THE IMPACT OF STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP ON ORGANISATIONAL AMBIDEXTERITY AT THE KING ABDULLAH II DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT BUREAU (KADDB)

This study aimed at identifying the impact of strategic leadership dimensions, such as de ining strategic direction, investing strategic capabilities, and implementing balanced organisational supervision, on the organisational ambidexterity dimension at the King Abdullah II Design and Development Bureau (KADDB). The sample consisted of the directors at top and middle management at KADDB, totalling 92 directors. Further, a questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection throughGoogle Forms for the convenience of data collection and edition. 86 valid questionnaireswere retrievedbefore the analytical descriptive approach was used, and, following this, data analysation and hypotheses tests were carried out according to the descriptive statistic measures and statistical analysis program Smart PLS v. 3. The results indicated high relative importance of the strategic leadership and organisational ambidexterity at KADDB, and, notably, a statistically significant impact of strategic leadership was approved on organisational ambidexterity at KADDB at the signi icant level (P ≤ 0.05). This signi icant impact was approved for all the dimensions of strategic leadership except for the dimension ‘promoting human capital’. In light of the indings, the researchers recommended that KADDB should: improve organisational ambidexterity and its activities (exploration and exploitation) by organising special steering committees for this purpose within the business development department at KADDB; paymore attention to environmental scanning; balance the patterns of results-based monitoring and control; empower employees; and, inally, improve the current recruitment, promotion, and reward systems.
Outsourcing of healthcare services in a smart city of Eastern India

Purpose Owing to the rising costs and shrinking budgets; inefficiency can be observed in the financing and delivery of health service both in the private and public sectors, which is not only causing organizations to reconsider their management patterns but also to use new strategies to achieve competitive merits in the current world of business. Outsourcing is one of the best alternates. The purpose of this paper is to study: the nature and magnitude of outsourcing of health-care services in a Smart City of Eastern India; the motives behind outsourcing: and the factors affecting outsourcing decisions. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted in Bhubaneswar, a Smart City of Eastern India and capital of Odisha State. Data relating to the outsourcing of health-care services were collected from 40 hospitals (each having a minimum of 10 beds) through a structured schedule. Descriptive statistics were calculated through Statistical Package for Social Science to substantiate the objectives. Findings Most of the clinical services were outsourced by small hospitals, while a significant portion of non-clinical services were outsourced by large and medium hospitals. Reduction in cost and better management control were the major driving forces of outsourcing. Loss of control over service providers and quality of measurement were considered as the main disadvantages in the decision-making process of not outsourcing the services by hospitals. Originality/value The study is the first-ever survey based on empirical evidence about the state of facilities management services outsourced in public and private hospitals in Odisha, India. The paper concluded that the effect of outsourcing did not synchronize successfully as shown in international literature.
Evaluation of Adaptation and Yield Stability of Cocoa Progenies in Marginal Conditions: Results from an on Farm Cocoa Trial Set up in a Forest–Savannah Transition Area in Cameroon

Cocoa is an important crop in Cameroon, where it is cultivated in different areas, including marginal areas, characterized by a rather low level of annual rainfall and marked dry seasons. In order to release cocoa varieties with a good level of adaptation to these marginal conditions, nine full-sib progenies, already released to farmers in other producing areas of the country, were assessed on twelve on farm cocoa plots, set up in 2006, in Mbam et Inoubou county, which is a forest–savannah transition zone. The traits assessed were mortality rate, yield and yield stability. Mortality rate and yield vary widely among trial plots and among progenies. Four out of the nine assessed progenies present a yield level significantly higher than the five others. The lowest level of yield stability (estimated by the contribution to total ecovalence) was observed in both the highest and the lowest yielding progenies. Recommendation for the large-scale release of these progenies to farmers of the county, and to other cocoa producing forest–savannah transition areas, are made, based on the results obtained from this study.
Zn Ferti-fortification of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Using Zinc Enriched Compost and Biochar in Rainfed Area

ABSTRACT Zinc deficiency is a global nutritional problem which is caused by low dietary intake. Wheat is mostly low in bioavailable Zn and is sensitive to zinc deficiency compared with other grain crops and as a result is reflected as cereal with low Zn efficiency. Zn deficiency prevails in arid to semiarid regions of the world for reasons of less solubility and more fixation of Zn in these soil conditions. Biofortification is currently one of the useful approaches to overcome worldwide malnourishment. A pot and two years field trials were conducted on wheat crop with following treatments: control, Zn @ 3 mg kg−1, Zn @ 6 mg kg−1, Zn @ 9 mg kg−1, Compost @ 20 t ha−1, Zn-enriched compost @ 3 mg kg−1, Zn-enriched compost @ 6 mg kg−1, Zn-enriched compost @ 9 mg kg−1, Biochar @ 20 t ha−1, Zn-enriched biochar @ 3 mg kg−1, Zn-enriched biochar @ 6 mg kg−1 and Zn-enriched biochar @ 9 mg kg−1 and treatments for field trial: control, Zn @ 18 kg ha−1, Compost @ 20 t ha−1, Zn-enriched compost @ 18 kg ha−1, Biochar @ 20 t ha−1 and Zn-enriched biochar @ 18 kg ha−1. Results of field trial revealed that maximum grain Zn (29.18 mg kg−1) recorded in Zn-enriched compost @ 9 mg kg−1 and minimum (17.8 mg kg−1) was in control. It is concluded that Zn-enriched organic amendments especially compost found to be appropriate for yield of wheat crop and grain Zn biofortification of wheat that in result increased protein contents and reduced phytic acid concentration.
Seasonal Speciation Study of Heavy Metals Content in Well Water of Some Chicken Farms in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria

Heavy metals are native to various soils, dusts, air, sediments, water and plant constituent in various means and these relations quantify their mobility and availability. In this manuscript, the seasonal differences in contents of arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead and zinc in well water within the proximity of three main chicken farms in Osun State, were studied to ascertain the ecological impacts of the chicken farming on the well water sources. Water samples taken for eight months were assayed for pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity and speciation of heavy metal contents utilizing standard techniques. A column filled up with Amberlite XAD-16 resin was utilized for the quantification of metals bound to humic substances and free metal ions in the water samples. The samples were assayed for their heavy metal content utilizing Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Quality assurance techniques involved blank determination, recovery analysis and calibration of standards. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data interpretations. The content ranges of the metals were: 0.0110–0.0878, 0.0130–0.0900, 0.1124–0.5196, 17.0563-59.4264, 0.021-0.2283 and 3.0420–21.1450 µg/mL for As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn, respectively. With the exception of Cu, the content ranges of all the other metals were present to be exceeded the international standards and acceptable level for drinkable water. The speciation analyzes signified that Fe and Zn were present primarily in the particulate phase, As and Cu were predominant in the humic substances phase, while Cd, Fe, Pb and Zn mainly found in the free metal ions. The free metal ions phase of Cd, Fe, Pb and Zn were found to be bio-available, and thus, could present health risks to humans and poultry bird. The contents found from the control site signified that the chicken farm activities might have impacted the well water with high heavy metal burdens.
Screening of polymorphic microsatellite markers from the whole-genome sequences of nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.)

Nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.), aside from being part of the mangrove forest ecosystem that has been under assault at an alarming rate, lacks information on its genetic variation at the population level for conservation planning purposes. Microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), are molecular markers employed to detect genetic variations in population studies. Here, the primers for this palm were identified through whole-genome sequencing using the Illumina® Sequencing Technology platform. Over half (52.4%) of SSRs consisted of mononucleotide repeats, whereas the remainder mostly consisted of dinucleotide (22.7%) and trinucleotide (22.4%) repeats. The frequencies of longer repeats (tetranucleotides, pentanucleotides and hexanucleotides) were exceptionally rare (2.5%). At least 18 out of 75 genomic loci were polymorphic, based on 37 randomly selected samples assayed for screening. Polymorphic loci (P) reached a mean of 72% across the Indo-West Pacific region. Estimates of genetic diversity showed a lower mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) (0.195) than expected (He) (0.316), suggesting evolutionary forces were acting across nipa populations. The fixation (F) index (0.388) supported this result, which indicates considerable genetic differentiation among populations in the region. An average of 2.111 alleles (Na) was obtained. In conclusion, these microsatellite markers are promising tools for genetic evaluation of nipa populations to facilitate characterization of this species in its distribution range.
Organizational culture as a variable of leadership moderation and employee job satisfaction towards the organizational performance of PT. WKS Jambi

https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2021. 2.2. 0064 Abstract How is the influence of leadership style and work environment on employee job satisfaction with organizational culture as a moderating variable at the PT WKS Jambi? This research uses quantitative methods. The data analysis used the structural-partial least square equation model. Eighty-four employees from each company plantation district were used as samples. The results showed that: 1). leadership style affects the work environment; 2). leadership style has a significant effect on organizational culture; 3). the work environment does not affect organizational culture; 4). organizational culture has a strong relationship with job satisfaction; 5). Leadership style does not affect job satisfaction; 6). the work environment does not affect job satisfaction; 7). through organizational culture, leadership style has a significant effect on job satisfaction; and 8. through organizational culture, the work environment does not significantly affect job satisfaction
Validity of a Kahoot!-Based Cognitive Test Instrument on Corona Pandemic Theme

This study aimed to determine the level of expert validation of a developed Kahoot! -based cognitive test instrument on corona pandemic theme in the Integrated Science course. The research used the Research and Development (R&D) 3D model. The assessment instrument was developed on a web basis using the Kahoot! platform. The data were analyzed by quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis based on the validity of the questions obtained through expert validation tests. The results showed that the cognitive test instrument developed obtained an average score of 4.57 with a very valid category referring to the distribution of the three aspects of the assessment, where the construction and material aspects are in the very valid category, and the language aspect is included in the valid category. It can be concluded that the instrument made are in accordance with the standards and assessment criteria. So, developed Kahoot! -based cognitive test instrument can be used to assess cognitive aspect of pre-service science teacher on Corona Pandemic Theme.
Comparison of optical coherence tomography angiography features in type 1 versus type 2 choroidal neovascular membranes secondary to age-related macular degeneration

Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an advanced imaging modality that provides high resolution images at the level of different retinal layers. This study aime to evaluate choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVMs) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) quantitatively and qualitatively, according to their classification, morphological features, and flow areas, using OCTA. Methods: In this descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional study, CNVMs were divided into 2 groups according to their classification as type 1 or type 2 neovascularization. Mied CNVMs were excluded from the study. The size (mm2) and the flow area (mm2) of the CNVMs were calculated via OCTA and the presence of the perivascular halo and loop anastomoses were analyzed. The morphological appearance of the CNVMs were classified as: medusa, sea-fan, lacy-wheel, glomerular, dead tree, and mature vascular networks. Results: Of the 85 eyes assessed for eligibility, 45 eyes of 34 individuals with CNVM were enrolled in this retrospective study. Twenty-eight eyes had type 1 and 17 eyes had type 2 CNVMs. The mean size and flow area were greater in type 1 than in type 2 CNVMs (mean [standard deviation], 6.69 [4.54] and 3.61 [3.56] mm2 versus 3.04 [1.98] and 1.77 [1.62] mm2; P = 0.044 and 0.046, respectively). Among the 22 eyes with type 1 CNVMs and the 9 eyes with type 2 CNVMs, 31 eyes had exudative membranes. Among the eyes with exudative CNVMs, 22 eyes had a perivascular halo and 22 eyes had loop anastomoses; this was significantly more than in the non-exudative eyes (P = 0.042 and 0.041, respectively). The lacy-wheel (38.7%) and dead tree (71.4%) patterns were the most frequent morphological appearance of the CNVMs in the exudative and non-exudative membranes, respectively. Conclusions: OCTA provides objective documantation about CNVMs. A perivascular dark halo around CNVMs could be a criterion to define exudative membranes activity.
A Comparative Study on the Ameliorative Effects of Aqueous Extract of Two Varieties of Hibiscus on the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier in Bowel Inflammation

Aim: To evaluate the ability of red and white hibiscus (H) in improving the epithelial barrier in indomethacin-induced duodenal and colonic inflammation, compared with prebiotic and to investigate whether the red and/or white hibiscus can be used as natural prebiotic like agents. Methods: Histological, histomorphometric, histochemical demonstration for goblets cells and mucin intensity. Immunohistochemical demonstration of COX-2, and tight junctions (Claudin-1 and E-cadherin) were examined. Duodenal and colonic TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, PGE2, MPO, MDA, TAC, besides, serum CRP were evaluated. Results: Indomethacin induced inflammation and ulceration in the duodenum and colon, with significant depletion in goblet cell count and mucin intensity. COX-2 was increased while claudin-1 and E-cadherin were significantly diminished. Tissue TNF-α, IL-6, MPO, MDA, and serum CRP were elevated significantly by indomethacin, while IL-10, PGE2 and TAC were reduced. Co-treatment with red H, white H, or prebiotics plus indomethacin improved significantly duodenal and colonic histoarchitecture, tissue contents of PAS cells, mucin, claudin-1 and E-cadherin, while COX-2 reduced. TNF-α, IL-6, MPO, MDA, and serum CRP were decreased significantly, while IL-10 , PGE2 and TAC were restored. Conclusion: The current research introduces red and white hibiscus as prebiotics-like agents because of their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, or tight junctions modulating activities.