Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Vaccination Model City in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil

From a country with one of the highest SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and mortality rates, Brazil has implemented one of the most successful vaccination programs. Brazil’s first model city vaccination program was performed by the CoronaVac vaccine (Sinovac Biotech) in the town of Serrana, São Paulo State. To evaluate the vaccination effect on the SARS-CoV-2 molecular dynamics and clinical outcomes, we performed SARS-CoV-2 molecular surveillance on 4375 complete genomes obtained between June 2020 and April 2022 in this location. This study included the period between the initial SARS-CoV-2 introduction and during the vaccination process. We observed that the SARS-CoV-2 substitution dynamics in Serrana followed the viral molecular epidemiology in Brazil, including the initial identification of the ancestral lineages (B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33) and epidemic waves of variants of concern (VOC) including the Gamma, Delta, and, more recently, Omicron. Most probably, as a result of the immunization campaign, the mortality during the Gamma and Delta VOC was significantly reduced compared to the rest of Brazil, which was also related to lower morbidity. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed the evolutionary history of the SARS-CoV-2 in this location and showed that multiple introduction events have occurred over time. The evaluation of the COVID-19 clinical outcome revealed that most cases were mild (88.9%, 98.1%, 99.1% to Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, respectively) regardless of the infecting VOC. In conclusion, we observed that vaccination was responsible for reducing the death toll rate and related COVID-19 morbidity, especially during the gamma and Delta VOC; however, it does not prevent the rapid substitution rate and morbidity of the Omicron VOC.
Quantum correlations in the 1-D driven dissipative transverse field XY model

We study the non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) of a driven dissipative one-dimensional system near a critical point, and explore how the quantum correlations compare to the known critical behavior in the ground state. The model we study corresponds to a cavity array driven parametrically at a two photon resonance, equivalent in a rotating frame to a transverse field anisotropic XY model [C. E. Bardyn and A. Imamoğlu, Phys. Rev. Lett 109 253606 (2012)]. Depending on the sign of transverse field, the steady state of the open system can be either related to the ground state or to the maximum energy state. In both cases, many properties of the entanglement are similar to the ground state, although no critical behavior occurs. As one varies from the Ising limit to the isotropic XY limit, entanglement range grows. The isotropic limit of the NESS is however singular, with simultaneously diverging range and vanishing magnitude of entanglement. This singular limiting behavior is quite distinct from the ground state behavior, it can however be understood analytically within spin-wave theory.
Halo mass definition and multiplicity function

Comparing the excursion set and CUSP formalisms for the derivation of the halo mass function, we investigate the role of the mass definition in the properties of the multiplicity function of cold dark matter (CDM) haloes. We show that the density profile for haloes formed from triaxial peaks that undergo ellipsoidal collapse and virialisation is such that the ratio between the mean inner density and the outer local density is essentially independent of mass. This causes that, for suited values of the
Multiple Dose Pharmacokinetics of Tapentadol Oral Solution for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Acute Pain in Children Aged 2 to <7 Years

Background This prospective, open-label trial was conducted to fulfil a post-approval commitment made to the competent authorities to extend the indication of the strong opioid analgesic tapentadol hydrochloride oral solution (OS) to the pediatric population. Patients and Methods The trial assessed the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of tapentadol, tapentadol-O-glucuronide and tapentadol-O-sulfate after administration of multiple doses of tapentadol OS (1.25 mg tapentadol/kg bodyweight every 4 h for up to 72 h) in children aged 2 to <7 years after a painful event that produces acute pain requiring treatment with a strong analgesic. The obtained PK data were integrated into a previously developed population PK (popPK) model based on single-dose data and then a model-based PK evaluation was performed. The primary trial endpoint was the area under the concentration-time curve at steady state for the dosing interval (AUCτ,ss) for tapentadol. Results Ten children received tapentadol OS; all completed the trial. Multiple administrations of the trial medication resulted in tapentadol serum concentrations within the concentration range predicted by the previously developed popPK model. The estimated model-based AUCτ,ss values for tapentadol ranged from 142 to 321 h•ng/mL. They were within the predicted exposure range with no higher than expected accumulation for the employed dosing regimen and also within the targeted steady state exposure range observed in adults receiving multiple doses of immediate release tapentadol 50 to 100 mg. The treatment regimen was safe and well tolerated. Conclusion The findings confirm the linear and predictable PK profile of tapentadol hydrochloride. The good agreement between the observed data and the model predictions shows the value of modelling and simulations in the planning and analysis of pediatric clinical trials and the ability to utilize the established PK models to predict multiple dose exposure.
IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF A FILAMENT CHANNEL AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE NATURE OF COUNTER-STREAMINGS

The dynamics of a filament channel are observed with imaging and spectroscopic telescopes before and during the filament eruption on 2011 January 29. The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral observations reveal that there are no EUV counterparts of the Hα counter-streamings in the filament channel, implying that the ubiquitous Hα counter-streamings found by previous research are mainly due to longitudinal oscillations of filament threads, which are not in phase between each other. However, there exist larger-scale patchy counter-streamings in EUV along the filament channel from one polarity to the other, implying that there is another component of unidirectional flow (in the range of ±10 km s−1) inside each filament thread in addition to the implied longitudinal oscillation. Our results suggest that the flow direction of the larger-scale patchy counter-streaming plasma in the EUV is related to the intensity of the plage or active network, with the upflows being located at brighter areas of the plage and downflows at the weaker areas. We propose a new method to determine the chirality of an erupting filament on the basis of the skewness of the conjugate filament drainage sites. This method suggests that the right-skewed drainage corresponds to sinistral chirality, whereas the left-skewed drainage corresponds to dextral chirality.
CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS OF NGC 4342, AN OPTICALLY FAINT, X-RAY GAS-RICH EARLY-TYPE GALAXY

Chandra x-ray observations of NGC 4342, a low-stellar mass (MK = −22.79 mag) early-type galaxy, show luminous, diffuse x-ray emission originating from hot gas with temperature of kT ∼ 0.6 keV. The observed 0.5–2 keV band luminosity of the diffuse x-ray emission within the D25 ellipse is L0.5–2 keV = 2.7 × 1039 erg s−1. The hot gas has a significantly broader distribution than the stellar light, and shows strong hydrodynamic disturbances with a sharp surface brightness edge to the northeast and a trailing tail. We identify the edge as a cold front and conclude that the distorted morphology of the hot gas is produced by ram pressure as NGC 4342 moves through external gas. From the thermal pressure ratios inside and outside the cold front, we estimate the velocity of NGC 4342 and find that it moves supersonically (M ∼ 2.6) toward the northeast. Outside the optical extent of the galaxy, we detect ∼17 bright () excess x-ray point sources. The excess sources are presumably LMXBs located in metal-poor globular clusters (GCs) in the extended dark matter halo of NGC 4342. Based on the number of excess sources and the average frequency of bright LMXBs in GCs, we estimate that NGC 4342 may host roughly 850–1700 GCs. In good agreement with this, optical observations hint that NGC 4342 may harbor 1200 ± 500 GCs. This number corresponds to a GC specific frequency of SN = 19.9 ± 8.3, which is among the largest values observed in full-size galaxies.
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering to the twist-four accuracy: Impact of finite-$t$ and target mass corrections

We carry out the first complete calculation of kinematic power corrections $\sim t/Q^2$ and $\sim m^2/Q^2$ to several key observables in Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering. The issue of convention dependence of the leading twist approximation is discussed in detail. In addition we work out representations for the higher twist corrections in terms of double distributions, Mellin-Barnes integrals and also within a dissipative framework. This study removes an important source of uncertainties in the QCD predictions for intermediate photon virtualities $Q^2\sim 1$-$5\,{\rm GeV}^2$ that are accessible in the existing and planned experiments. In particular the finite-$t$ corrections are significant and must be taken into account in the data analysis.
Communities as Stakeholders: Impact of Corporate Bankruptcies on Local Governments

We find that the bankruptcy of a publicly listed manufacturing firm increases bond yields of the counties in which the firm has a significant presence. Affected counties that are subject to budgetary restrictions on debt, revenue, or expenditure, reduce their investment in education and other public services. This negative impact is amplified when the county is more dependent on the industry of the bankrupt firm and its upstream suppliers. However, counties located in pro-business states are less affected. Our results highlight how local communities are a major stakeholder in public firms and can be adversely affected by their financial distress, for example, during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Integrated Weed Management in Summer Maize in Mid-Hills of Nepal

Weed is one of the major problems in maize production. To develop an appropriate weed management practice, a field experiment was carried out during 2017 and 2018 at Khumaltar. Twelve different treatments, Pendimethalin as pre @ 1.0 kg a.i ha-1, Atrazine as pre @ 1 kg a.i ha-1, Metribuzine as pre @ 0.5 kg a.i ha-1, Tembotrione as post @ 0.2 kg a.i ha-1, Pendimethalin followed by (fb) 1 HW, Atrazine fb 1 HW, Metribuzine fb 1 HW, Tembotrione fb 1 HW, Atrazine + Metribuzine (early post ) as tank mixed, Straw mulch, Weed free (2 HW) and Weedy check (control) were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental plot size was 12 m2 and maize variety Manakamana -4 was sown on 21 and 26 May in 2017 and 2018 respectively. The seed rate used was 20 kg ha-1 with row spacing of 60 cm and plant to plant 20 cm. Fertilizers dose of 120:60:40 kg N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1 was applied. Data on crop growth, weed and yields were recorded and analyzed. Weed count and biomass were recorded from a meter square quadrat and yield data taken from net plot of 5.4 m2. Results showed that plant height with straw mulch was maximum of 294 cm. Weed density was significantly influenced by different weed management treatments. Metribuzine post fb 1 HW recorded the less weeds (52.8) and highest (258.5) in weedy check. The lowest weed dry biomass was recorded in Metribuzine post fb 1 HW (9.3 g m-2). The highest grain yield (7.6 Mt ha-1) was found in Metribuzine @ 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 as post emergence. The increased in grain yield due to the application of Metribuzine @ 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 as post emergence was 32.5% over the weedy check. Similarly, the highest weed control efficiency (77.1%) and the highest BC ratio (2.46) was also recorded in Metribuzine @ 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 as post emergence.
Color transparency in hadronic attenuation of $\rho^0$ mesons

Ongoing experiments at JLAB investigate the nuclear transparency in exclusive rho0(770) electroproduction off nuclei. In this work we present transport model predictions for the attenuation of rho0s in nuclei and for color transparency (CT) effects as observable at CLAS with a 5 GeV electron beam energy. A full event simulation presented here permits to study the impact of actual experimental acceptance conditions and kinematical cuts. The exclusive (e,e'rho0) cross section off nucleons is described by diffractive and color string breaking mechanisms extended toward the onset of the deep inelastic regime. Different hadronization and CT scenarios are compared. We show that a detailed analysis of elementary cross section, nuclear effects and experimental cuts is needed to reveal the early onset of rho0-CT at present JLAB energies.
HERBIG–HARO OBJECTS AND MID-INFRARED OUTFLOWS IN THE VELA C MOLECULAR CLOUD

We have performed a deep [S ii] λλ6717/6731 wide field Herbig–Haro (HH) object survey toward the Vela C molecular cloud with a sky coverage of about 2 deg2. In total, 18 new HH objects, HH 1090-1107, are discovered and the two previously known HH objects, HH 73-74, are also detected in our [S ii] images. We also present an investigation of mid-infrared outflows in the Vela C molecular cloud using the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer images taken from AllWISE data release. Using the method suggested by Zhang & Wang, 11 extended green objects (EGOs) are identified to be the mid-infrared outflows, including 6 new mid-infrared outflows that have not been detected previously at other wavelengths and 5 mid-infrared counterparts of the HH objects detected in this work. Using the AllWISE Source Catalog and the source classification scheme suggested by Koenig et al., we have identified 56 young stellar object (YSO) candidates in the Vela C molecular cloud. The possible driving sources of the HH objects and EGOs are discussed based on the morphology of HH objects and EGOs and the locations of HH objects, EGOs and YSO candidates. Finally we associate 12 HH objects and 5 EGOs with 10 YSOs and YSO candidates. The median length of the outflows in Vela C is 0.35 pc and the outflows seem to be oriented randomly.
Evaluation of Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) Sensitivity Compared to PCR for Diagnosing Tuberculosis Lymphadenitis

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major healthcare burden in Sudan and other developing countries, it is considered the second most common cause of death from infectious diseases after those due to AIDS. In Sudan, TB lymphadenitis (TBLA) remains one of the major health problems. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Medical Sciences and Technology (UMST) and Total Labcare Diagnostic Center (TDC). The study aims to compare the sensitivity of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) smears with that of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of TBLA. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five dry smears were obtained using fine-needle aspiration (FNA) from an enlarged lymph node. PCR was applied to detect the target gene (IS6110). May-Grunwald-Giemsa (MGG) or Diff quick stains were used. Results: Two (4%) patients with TBLA were non-necrotic, while fifty-three of them (96%) were necrotic. Moreover, 17 (30%) fine-needle lymph node aspiration specimens were confirmed by PCR to be positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB complex) while 38 (70%) of them were negative. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the sensitivity of PCR and that of FNAC (P-value = 0.33).
Exploring Agreement Between Adolescent Self-Reported PTSD Symptoms and Clinical Diagnoses on a Psychiatric Inpatient Unit

ABSTRACT A significant number of adolescents in the U.S. experience traumatic events, putting them at risk for developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Despite this risk, PTSD is not a commonly assigned diagnosis in psychiatric settings. The current study examined rates of psychiatrist-reported PTSD (PR-PTSD) diagnoses compared to probable PTSD diagnoses based on adolescent self-reported PTSD (SR-PTSD) symptoms on a psychiatric inpatient unit (n = 151, age 13–17). Self-report measures included questions on exposure to trauma and The Child PTSD Symptom Scale for DSM-5 (CPSS-5). Approximately 60% of participants met criteria for a “probable PTSD diagnosis” on the CPSS-5; however, only 10 out of 151 (6.6%) and 58 out of 151 (38.4%) were given PR-PTSD at admission and at discharge, respectively. Chi-square analyses indicated adolescents with SR-PTSD were more likely to have previous psychiatric admissions, χ2(1, N = 149) = 3.87, p = . 049. There was also a significant association between SR-PTSD and suicide risk, χ2(3, N = 148) = 9.93, p = . 019. Both the null and low suicide risk groups contributed the most to predicting SR-PTSD based on the standardized residuals being ±1.96. Additionally, SR-PTSD and insurance status were significantly associated, χ2(1, N = 147) = 4.48, p = . 034. All of the cells equally contributed to the significance. When comparing diagnosis given at admission to SR-PTSD, agreement was poor (κ=.070, p = .043), and there was no agreement between diagnosis given at discharge and SR-PTSD (κ=.116, p = .074). Findings from the study highlight a discrepancy in SR-PTSD and PR-PTSD in adolescent psychiatric settings.
THE ROLE OF DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION ON NONEQUILIBRIUM IONIZATION IN SUPERNOVA REMNANT SHOCKS. II. EMITTED SPECTRA

We present a grid of nonequilibrium ionization models for the X-ray spectra from supernova remnants undergoing efficient diffusive shock acceleration. The calculation follows the hydrodynamics of the blast wave as well as the time-dependent ionization of the plasma behind the shock. The ionization state is passed to a plasma emissivity code to compute the thermal X-ray emission, which is combined with the emission from nonthermal synchrotron emission to produce a self-consistent model for the thermal and nonthermal emission from cosmic-ray dominated shocks. We show how plasma diagnostics such as the G′-ratio of He-like ions, defined as the ratio of the sum of the intercombination, forbidden, and satellite lines to the resonance line, can vary with acceleration efficiency, and discuss how the thermal X-ray emission, when the time-dependent ionization is not calculated self-consistently with the hydrodynamics, can differ from the thermal X-ray emission from models which do account for the hydrodynamics. Finally, we compare the thermal X-ray emission from models which show moderate acceleration (∼35%) to the thermal X-ray emission from test-particle models.
Scaling the Creative Self: An Item Response Theory Analysis of the Short Scale of Creative Self

ABSTRACT Self-report scales have become the most widely used instruments to capture people’s self-perception of creativity. Previous studies, however, provided only a limited insight into the psychometric properties of such measures. This paper reports an extensive item response theory (IRT) analysis of the Short Scale of Creative Self (SSCS): one of the most frequently used scales of creative self-concept. Based on samples from 14 studies (overall N > 26,000), we report IRT parameters of creative self-efficacy and creative personal identity scales’ items. We examined whether the scores obtained in the SSCS depend on the length of the response scale (5-versus-7-point Likert scales) and whether latent scores are comparable across different data collection methods (online, paper-and-pencil, phone), age, and gender. The results confirmed the two-factor structure of the SSCS, good psychometric properties of its items, as well as invariance regarding response scales, age, gender, and method of data collection. At the same time, the items (and consequently—scales) were easy in the psychometrical sense, thus providing much more reliable scores among individuals who scored low or medium in creative self-concept. Longer (7-point) and shorter (5-point) Likert scales performed similarly, with some psychometric arguments favoring fewer points on the scale. Gender differences were negligible (Cohen’s d between 0.00 and 0.01). We discuss potential ways of further improvement and development of the SSCS.
Local-density-driven clustered star formation

Context. A positive power-law trend between the local surface densities of molecular gas, Σgas, and young stellar objects, Σ� ,i n molecular clouds of the solar neighbourhood has recently been identified. How it relates to the properties of embedded clusters, in particular to the recently established radius-density relation, has so far not been investigated. Aims. We model the development of the stellar component of molecular clumps as a function of time and initial local volume density. Our study provides a coherent framework able to explain both the molecular-cloud and embedded-cluster relations quoted above. Methods. We associate the observed volume density gradient of molecular clumps to a density-dependent free-fall time. The molecular clump star formation history is obtained by applying a constant star formation efficiency per free-fall time, � ff. Results. For the volume density profiles typical of observed molecular clumps (i.e. power-law slope �− 1.7), our model gives a stargas surface-density relation of the form Σ� ∝ Σ 2, which agrees very well with the observations. Taking the case of a molecular ,
Resolving the coronal line region of NGC 1068 with near-infrared integral field spectroscopy

We present adaptive optics-assisted J- and K-band integral field spectroscopy of the inner 300× 300 pc of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068. The data were obtained with the Gemini NIFS integral field unit spectrometer, which provided us wit h high-spatial and high-spectral resolution sampling. The wavelength range covered by the observations allowed us to study the [Caviii], [Sivi], [Sivii], [Alix] and [Six] coronal line (CL) emission, covering ionization potentials up to 328 eV. The observations reveal very rich and complex structures, both in terms of velocity fields and emission-line ratios. The CL emi ssion is elongated along the NESW direction, with the stronger emission preferentially lo calized to the NE of the nucleus. CLs are emitted by gas covering a wide range of velocities, with maximum blueshifts/redshifts of ∼ −1600/1000 km s −1 . There is a trend for the gas located on the NE side of the nucleus to be blueshifted while the gas located towards the SW is redshifted. The morphology and the kinematics of the near-infrared CLs are in very good agreement with the ones displayed by low-ionization lines and optical CLs, suggesting a common origin. The line flux distributions, velocity maps, ionization structure (traced by the [Sivii]/[Sivi] emission-line ratio) and lowionization emission-line ratios (i.e. [Feii]/Paβ and [Feii]/[Pii]) suggest that the radio jet plays an important role in the structure of the CL region of this object, and possibly in its kinematics.