Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extraction of High Value Products from Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) and Utilization of Residual Biomass

Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) is a plant from the Zingiberaceae family, and its extracts have been found to contain several compounds with beneficial bioactivities. Nowadays, the use of environmentally friendly and sustainable extraction methods has attracted considerable interest. The main objective of this study was to evaluate subcritical propane (scPropane), supercritical CO2 (scCO2), and supercritical CO2 with ethanol (scCO2 + EtOH) as co-solvent methods for the extraction of high value products from ginger. In addition, the reuse/recycling of the secondary biomass in a second extraction as a part of the circular economy was evaluated. Both the primary and the secondary biomass led to high yield percentages, ranging from 1.23% to 6.42%. The highest yield was observed in the scCO2 + EtOH, with biomass prior used to scCO2 extraction. All extracts presented with high similarities as far as their total phenolic contents, antioxidant capacity, and chemical composition. The most abundant compounds, identified by the two different gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems present, were a-zingiberene, β- sesquiphellandrene, a-farnesene, β-bisabolene, zingerone, gingerol, a-curcumene, and γ-muurolene. Interestingly, the reuse/recycling of the secondary biomass was found to be promising, as the extracts showed high antioxidant capacity and consisted of significant amounts of compounds with beneficial properties.
Treatable mortality and health care related factors across European countries

Introduction Despite the improvements in European health systems, a large number of premature deaths are attributable to treatable mortality. Men make up the majority of these deaths, with a significant gap existing between women and men’s treatable mortality rate in the EU. Aim This study aims to identify the healthcare-related factors, including health expenditures, human and physical resources, and hospital services use associated with treatable mortality in women and men across European countries during the period 2011–2019. Methods We use Eurostat data for 28 EU countries in the period 2011–2019. We estimate a panel data linear regression with country fixed effects and quantile linear regression for men and women. Results The results found (i) differences in drivers for male and female treatable mortality, but common drivers hold the same direction for both sexes; (ii) favorable drivers are GDP per capita, health expenditures, number of physicians per capita, and (only for men) the average length of a hospital stay, (iii) unfavorable drivers are nurses and beds per capita, although nurses are not significant for explaining female mortality. Conclusion Policy recommendations may arise that involve an improvement in hospital bed management and the design of more specific policies aimed at healthcare professionals.
TECHNIQUES OF REGISTRATION AND MAPPING IN MARS EXPLORATION ROVERS (MER) 2003 MISSION

This paper introduces and compares three registration techniques for Mars rover imagery: a Markov Random Field (MRF)-based method for close-range terrain with large terrain variations, a constrained dynamic programming method for terrain in the far range, and a parallax-curve-based method for general terrain. The first two methods are an improvement over the last one, which represents the terrain as a smoothed parallax curve and is based on assumptions of interest points, epipolar-line constraint, uniqueness in matched pairs, non-increasing parallax, and stereo images of natural terrain acquired by ground vehicles such as a robotic rover. The first method deals with a terrain type that can not be modeled by a curve-based method because of a large terrain variation. It represents the terrain as a MRF and allows for multiple matched pairs of interest points. It then uses Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) to sample the matched pairs in the X-Y-parallax space and achieves a global-minimization of energy that will correspond to the desired terrain surface. The second method is used for far-range terrain in which both registration accuracy and density of interest points are not high enough to restore terrain details. It uses dynamic programming in a vertical direction to match vertical lines from the left image with the right image. A strong constraint is applied to ensure a non-increasing parallax from image top to image bottom. These techniques are used in the Mars Exploration Rover 2003 mission to match stereo rover images. The matched points are used as tie points to link rover images for rover localization or used for generation of map products such as digital elevation models and orthomaps.
Parent Satisfaction with Nursing Care Provided to Children at A Pediatric Unit in Ghana

- The study assessed parental satisfaction with nursing care rendered to their children in a pediatric ward in Ghana. The descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted. A total of 238 parents of children admitted to the pediatric unit of a regional hospital in Ghana who met the inclusion criteria were conveniently sampled. Data were obtained using the Parent Satisfaction Survey (PSS) at the end of their child’s admission. Data collected were coded, entered, and analyzed using Statistical Product AND Service Solution(SPSS) version 29.0, and results were summarized using descriptive statistics. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with parental satisfaction with nursing care. The results were presented in adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with their Confidence Intervals (CIs). Overall, 60.1% of parents were satisfied with the nursing care provided to their children. The results of the multivariate logistic regression showed that parents who had children who were 5 to 7 years (aOR= 0.07, 95%CI: 0.01-0.780) and 8 years and older (aOR= 0.03, 95%CI: 0.00-0.62), parents residing in urban area were less likely to be satisfied (aOR= 0.19, 95%CI: 0.04-1.02). On the other hand, parents who had higher expectations were more likely to be satisfied with nursing care (aOR= 1.4, 95%CI: 1.24-1.57). Information sharing on the child’s condition and treatment and respect for privacy were also determinants of satisfaction in this study.
Cyclic loading behavior of saturated sand with different fabrics

The undrained response of saturated sand under cyclic loading has been a subject of long-standing interest. Although it has been recognized for long, the effect of fabric remians a critical problem that is not yet well understood. In this paper, cyclic triaxial test results from a strategically designed experimental program are presented to demonstrate how significant the effect of fabric can be on the undrained cyclic behavior of sand under different combinations of initial state and initial stress conditions. A significant finding of the study is that loose sand specimens, prepared by different reconstitution methods and thus having different initial fabrics, exhibit similar failure modes under the conventional symmetrical loading condition, but they show distinct failure patterns under the non-symmetrical cyclic loading condition. A qualitative explanation of the macroscopic observations is also proposed from a microscopic perspective, which sheds light on the mechanisms involved. RÉSUMÉ : Le sujet de la réponse du sable saturé sous chargement cyclique non drainé a suscité de l’intérêt depuis longtemps. Cependant il est reconnu que l’effet de la structure reste un problème clef qui n’est pas encore bien compris. Dans cet article, les résultats d’essais triaxiaux cycliques faits dans le cadre d’un programme expérimental conçu spécialement sont présentés afin de démontrer la signifiance de l’effet de structure sur le comportement non drainé du sable soumis à différentes combinaisons d’état initial et contraintes initiales. L’un des résultats les plus importants est que les spécimens de sable lâche préparés par des méthodes différentes de reconstitution, et donc avec des structures initiales différentes, montrent les mêmes modes de rupture sous chargement symétrique, mais différents schémas de rupture sous chargement non symétrique. Une explication qualitative de ces observations faites à l’échelle macroscopique est donnée d’un point de vue microscopique, éclairant les mécanismes impliqués.
Personalized probiotic strategy considering bowel habits: impacts on gut microbiota composition and alleviation of gastrointestinal symptoms via Consti-Biome and Sensi-Biome

Personalized probiotic regimens, taking into account individual characteristics such as stool patterns, have the potential to alleviate gastrointestinal disorders and improve gut health while avoiding the variability exhibited among individuals by conventional probiotics. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of personalized probiotic interventions in managing distinct stool patterns (constipation and diarrhea) by investigating their impact on the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal symptoms using a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial design. This research leverages the multi-strain probiotic formulas, Consti-Biome and Sensi-Biome, which have previously demonstrated efficacy in alleviating constipation and diarrhea symptoms, respectively. Improvement in clinical symptoms improvement and compositional changes in the gut microbiome were analyzed in participants with predominant constipation or diarrhea symptoms. Results indicate that tailored probiotics could improve constipation and diarrhea by promoting Erysipelotrichaceae and Lactobacillaceae, producers of short-chain fatty acids, and regulating inflammation and pain-associated taxa. These findings suggest the potential of tailored probiotic prescriptions and emphasize the need for personalized therapeutic approaches for digestive disorders. Clinical trial registration: https://cris.nih. go.kr/cris/index/index.do, identifier KCT0009111.
Tibetan Multi-Dialect Speech Recognition Using Latent Regression Bayesian Network and End-To-End Mode

: We proposed a method using latent regression Bayesian network (LRBN) to extract the shared speech feature for the input of end-to-end speech recognition model. The structure of LRBN is compact and its parameter learning is fast. Compared with Convolutional Neural Network, it has a simpler and understood structure and less parameters to learn. Experimental results show that the advantage of hybrid LRBN/Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory-Connectionist Temporal Classification architecture for Tibetan multi-dialect speech recognition, and demonstrate the LRBN is helpful to differentiate among multiple language speech sets.
Synergistic Effect of a HER2 Targeted Thorium-227 Conjugate in Combination with Olaparib in a BRCA2 Deficient Xenograft Model

Targeted thorium-227 conjugates (TTCs) represent a novel class of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of cancer. TTCs consist of the alpha particle emitter thorium-227 complexed to a 3,2-hydroxypyridinone chelator conjugated to a tumor-targeting monoclonal antibody. The high energy and short range of the alpha particles induce potent and selective anti-tumor activity driven by the induction of DNA damage in the target cell. Methods: The efficacy of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-TTC was tested in combination in vitro and in vivo with the poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi), olaparib, in the human colorectal adenocarcinoma isogenic cell line pair DLD-1 and the knockout variant DLD-1 BRCA2 -/- Results: The in vitro combination effects were determined to be synergistic in DLD-1 BRCA2 -/- and additive in DLD-1 parental cell lines. Similarly, the in vivo efficacy of the combination was determined to be synergistic only in the DLD-1 BRCA2 -/- xenograft model, with statistically significant tumor growth inhibition at a single TTC dose of 120 kBq/kg body weight (bw) and 50 mg/kg bw olaparib (daily, i.p. for 4 weeks), demonstrating comparable tumor growth inhibition to a single TTC dose of 600 kBq/kg bw. Conclusions: This study supports the further investigation of DNA damage response inhibitors in combination with TTCs as a new strategy for the effective treatment of mutation-associated cancers.
The role of patient, the physician and health care system in experiences of cancer patients under outpatient oncology treatments

Summary Background: today, cancer is one of the most important medical problems. successful management of cancer patients requires an understanding of their experiences. the study aimed to explore cancer patients’ experiences under outpatient oncology treatments. Methods: the phenomenological approach was used to access the depths of experiences felt by patients. the study was done in specialized cancer hospitals and private hospitals. Data was gathered through in-depth and unstructured inter-views with participants with previous arrangements. Data precision and robustness were determined based on guba and lincoln criteria. Data analysis was carried out based on colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results: A total of 9 people participated in this study. The experiences of cancer patients were categorized into five main concepts, including 1) individual problems, 2) expectations from the physician and health care system, 3) the quality of the health care system, 4) Coping with cancer, and 5) Support in the fight against cancer. Conclusions: these patients have a wide range of medical, psychological, support, and emotional needs, which are only known to themselves. cancer itself is not the source of all these problems; instead, they have various sources, including family, society, policy-making, and treatment teams, many of which can be solved with proper education. therefore, it is necessary to offer comprehensive planning, starting with medical teams, and create the required infrastructures in society.
Migration mortality in birds

Bird migration is one of the greatest wildlife spectacles, producing massive global changes in the distributions of birds twice each year. To understand the evolution of this phenomenon, it is important to know the costs of these journeys in terms of the mortality they impose. The use of mark/re‐sighting and tracking studies has now made it possible, for some bird species, to separate mortality during migration from mortality during stationary periods. This paper aims to assess this information, based mainly on 31 published studies, most of which concern long‐distance migrations of passerines, large waterfowl and raptors. Most of these studies revealed that mortality rates were greater during migration than at other times – in some species more than 20 times greater. Overall, on the basis of median values, mortality per unit time during autumn journeys was about 3.0 times greater than mortality during stationary periods, during spring journeys about 6.3 times greater, and during autumn and spring journeys combined 4.4 times greater. The greater overall mortality on spring journeys was largely associated with more adverse wind conditions in spring than in autumn. High mortality rates were especially evident in birds crossing large ecological barriers, such as the Sahara Desert or the Gulf of Mexico, and were higher in that part of their journey than when crossing more benign terrain. There was no increase in mortality during migration in the adults of some long‐lived species with high annual survival and predominantly overland journeys; for these birds, much larger samples of year‐round tracked individuals will be needed to reveal any seasonal variations in mortality. Within certain species, birds that travelled long distances experienced greater mortality over the journey than those that travelled short distances, but in other species no such relationship was found. In species in which adults and juveniles were followed over the same journey, juveniles showed greater mortality. To judge from other studies, this difference could be attributed to the inexperience of juveniles, their lower feeding rates and flight efficiency, greater vulnerability to hazards such as weather and predation, or more frequent navigational errors. Broadly speaking, the risks of migration vary with features of the birds themselves, with the terrain to be crossed and with weather at the time. It may be assumed that migration persists in the long term because the costs (in terms of associated mortality) are more than offset by the benefits of breeding and wintering in different areas (in terms of improved overall survival and breeding success). To provide further understanding of migration mortality, suggestions are made on the types of studies required and on how they could best be conducted.
Education Acceleration System (Acceleration) at Muhammadiyah Sapen Elementary School Yogyakarta

Abstrak: The research aims to determine the implementation, and impact on academic life and reveal the advantages the weaknesses of the implementation of accelerated education at SD Muhammadiyah Sapen Yogyakarta. The ethnographic research method used is qualitative research that examines human behavior with a focus on the cultural interpretation of behavior. The subjects of the study involved principals, teachers, administrative staff, students, parents, committees, village officials, and education officials. Data retrieval techniques with observations (event data), interviews (respondent data), and document analysis (document data), with Spreadley's qualitative analysis techniques. Field findings show that the implementation of the PATAS (Fast Complete) Program acceleration began in 2001/2002 using PATAS Type V/VI and Type I/II until the 2020/2021 graduation year with the concepts of learning to be, learning to think, learning to do, and learning to live together. The implementation of accelerated education has a positive impact in accelerating academic development that has superior potential, encouraging high learning motivation and developing students' skills holistically. The advantages of providing accelerated education provide opportunities for talented students to develop students’ academic potential more optimally. However, the drawback is the potential for higher stress pressure on students due to intensive academic demands. This research is a prototype for other schools/madrasahs to develop educational institutions in improving quality and making theoretical contributions through accelerated education and serving talented students to improve academic quality in a short time.
Unveiling the correlates of university students attitude towards online education

The education landscape in India is undergoing massive transformation due to rapid advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and its increasing integration in education sector in India. It has transformed the way education services are planned, structured and delivered to the masses. The Corona pandemic has, per force, accelerated the use of ICTs in education sector and brought to center stage the concepts such as online education or e-learning. The present study was carried out to find out the attitude of Undergraduate students towards online education and the factors affecting it at a premier Agriculture University in North India. Using exploratory research design, the study sample comprised of 185 respondents selected using stratified random sampling method
Teachers' Perceptions in Educational Concepts (Study on Independent Learning Application at MIN 1 Mataram)

: This study's goal was to describe how elementary school instructors felt about the autonomous curriculum's implementation. This study is qualitative in nature. Research that examines and comprehends the significance of numerous individuals or groups of individuals resulting from social problems is known as qualitative research. The respondents are primary school teachers. interviewing people in order to gather information. The primary research tool is the researcher, supplemented by field notes. All data is obtained and descriptively evaluated in order to produce accurate and precise findings. The study's findings indicate that: (1) The Independent Curriculum is being implemented in elementary schools, and teachers seem to like it; (2) Success in implementing the curriculum is greatly influenced by the teacher's intensity in doing so in the classroom. Teachers have a significant part in the process of establishing and implementing curriculum in school foundation; (3) To enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes, the teacher has strong ability to create, implement, and design lesson; (4) With relation to creating Pancasila student profiles in particular, Bimtek socializing and training have not been fully utilized; (5) Some elementary school instructors are not using the Independent Curriculum, (6) not all teachers have IT skills, and (7) Due to unstable internet access, especially for users linked to the Merdeka Curriculum platform, there are restrictions on how the Merdeka Curriculum can be implemented.
Mitochondrial myopathies diagnosed in adulthood: clinico-genetic spectrum and long-term outcomes

Abstract Mitochondrial myopathies are frequently recognized in childhood as part of a broader multisystem disorder and often overlooked in adulthood. Herein, we describe the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum and long-term outcomes of mitochondrial myopathies diagnosed in adulthood, focusing on neuromuscular features, electrodiagnostic and myopathological findings and survival. We performed a retrospective chart review of adult patients diagnosed with mitochondrial myopathy at Mayo Clinic (2005–21). We identified 94 patients. Median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 11 years (interquartile range 4–21 years). Median age at diagnosis was 48 years (32–63 years). Primary genetic defects were identified in mitochondrial DNA in 48 patients (10 with single large deletion, 38 with point mutations) and nuclear DNA in 29. Five patients had multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions or depletion without nuclear DNA variants. Twelve patients had histopathological features of mitochondrial myopathy without molecular diagnosis. The most common phenotypes included multisystem disorder (n = 30); mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (14); limb myopathy (13); chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (12); and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia-plus (12). Isolated skeletal muscle manifestations occurred in 27%. Sixty-nine per cent had CNS and 21% had cardiac involvement. Mutations most frequently involved MT-TL1 (27) and POLG (17); however, a wide spectrum of established and novel molecular defects, with overlapping phenotypes, was identified. Electrodiagnostic studies identified myopathy (77%), fibrillation potentials (27%) and axonal peripheral neuropathy (42%, most common with nuclear DNA variants). Among 42 muscle biopsies available, median percentage counts were highest for cytochrome C oxidase negative fibres (5.1%) then ragged blue (1.4%) and ragged red fibres (0.5%). Skeletal muscle weakness was mild and slowly progressive (decline in strength summated score of 0.01/year). Median time to gait assistance was 5.5 years from diagnosis and 17 years from symptom onset. Thirty patients died, with median survival of 33.4 years from symptom onset and 10.9 years from diagnosis. Median age at death was 55 years. Cardiac involvement was associated with increased mortality [hazard ratio 2.36 (1.05, 5.29)]. There was no difference in survival based on genotype or phenotype. Despite the wide phenotypic and genotypic spectrum, mitochondrial myopathies in adults share similar features with slowly progressive limb weakness, contrasting with common multiorgan involvement and high mortality.