Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Authenticity as a compromise: a critical discourse analysis of Sámi tourism websites

ABSTRACT Authenticity is considered a very important means to attract tourists. Different enterprises and destinations compete for visitors and authenticity is an important factor for visitors’ travel decisions. Within the context of indigenous and cultural tourism, several studies have criticized the way in which indigenous and local populations are portrayed in order to attract tourists, since they often involve colonial images and descriptions that are no longer corresponding to the contemporary situation. This study presents an alternative perspective on the discussion on tourism marketing in relation to authenticity. Through critical discourse analysis and retroduction, this study has analysed the websites of Sámi tourism companies from Sweden. The discussion put forward in this study is not a generalizing picture of how the Sámi peoples choose to market themselves, but it problematizes how these particular enterprises relate to issues of authenticity in the representation of cultural heritage. This paper also presents a new approach to authenticity seen as a compromise. The results of this study present one side of a multifaceted discussion on the struggle between different discourses on representations and authenticity that are often the main channel to reach and attract potential visitors.
Interactive comment on “ Atmospheric Oxidation in the Presence of Clouds during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry ( DC 3 ) Study ”

Deep convective clouds are critically important to the distribution of atmospheric constituents throughout the 30 troposphere but are difficult environments to study. The Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) study provided the environment, platforms, and instrumentation to test oxidation chemistry around deep convective clouds and their impacts downwind. Measurements on the NASA DC-8 aircraft included those of the radicals hydroxyl (OH) and hydroperoxyl (HO2), OH reactivity, and more than 100 other chemical species and atmospheric properties. OH, HO2, and OH reactivity were compared to photochemical models, some with and some without simplified heterogeneous chemistry, to test the understanding 35 of atmospheric oxidation as encoded in the model. In general, the agreement between the observed and modeled OH, HO2, and OH reactivity were within the combined uncertainties for the model without heterogeneous chemistry and the model including heterogeneous chemistry with small OH and HO2 uptake consistent with laboratory studies. This agreement is generally independent of the altitude, ozone photolysis rate, nitric oxide and ozone abundances, modeled OH reactivity, and
Assessment of heavy metal pollution in the gulf of Gabes (Tunisia) using four mollusc species

Since the establishment of the ‘Tunisian Chemical Group’ in Gabes, Tunisia, no serious investigations have been carried out about heavy metal pollution in the Gulf of Gabes. In this study, the contents of four heavy metals were assessed in four mollusc species (two gastropods, Gibbula ardens and Patella caerulea, and two bivalves, Pinctada radiata and Pinna nobilis), collected from twelve coastal stations. In general, the results obtained show high concentrations of heavy metals in the central area of the Gulf of Gabes, near Gabes city in particular; in contrast, low concentrations were found at the edges of this gulf, which is probably due to the chemical pollution generated from the huge phosphoric acid industry in Gabes City. Comparing the results found with the four examined species, the lowest concentrations were noted with the two bivalve species P. radiata and P. nobilis. The highest heavy metal concentrations noted during this study are comparable to the findings of other authors in other areas, and they considerably exceed the standard levels. Remediation action is urgently required; the action could consist in either reducing the amount of heavy metals in the phosphgypsum discharged directly in the sea or discontinuing the operation of this harmful industry in order to protect marine life in the area.
DEPLETION OF COPPER-BASED PRESERVATIVES FROM PINE DECKING AND IMPACTS ON SOIL-DWELLING INVERTEBRATES

Radiata pine decking was treated with CCA or Copper Azole wood preservative to Australian Standard H3 retention using conventional and modified Bethel schedules, and air-dried. Treated and durable hardwood (kwila) control decking boards were subjected to natural leaching in weatherexposed decks in Brisbane, Queensland. Analysis of collected deck runoff water revealed losses up to 700mg Cu, 175mg Cr, 600mg As, 750mg B, 10 mg tebuconazole or 18000 mg tannin per square meter of deck after 10 months, but flux rates had not yet reached zero for any component. Deck runoff water was applied to three soils using an OECD soil leaching column procedure. Although boron was more mobile than others, components tended to be retained in the topmost (first contacted) layer. Deck runoff water was also applied to mown lawn soil. Soil samples were collected before and twice after the first application, and three times after the second. Soil arthropods were dominated by mites (84%), which were identified to family level. No differences in total mite densities were detected between the treatments, except for a significant increase associated with the kwila deck runoff water. However, there were detectable differences in mite community structure between all treatments, indicating differential effects of the treatments on the soil arthropod community.
The Impact of Corruption on FDI and Public Investment

The thesis examines the relationship between corruption and investment. Existing literature provides evidence that there is a negative relationship between corruption and investment. In particular, studies have found that corruption has a negative effect on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Whereas other studies have found that corruption increases the level of public investment, but not contributing to economic growth. This thesis examines the effect of corruption on FDI and public investment. The research will contribute to the literature by investigating a long time period from 1996 until 2011. Most studies use a very short dataset due to the limited data availability in the past. The second reason I employ a long period is based on the findings in the study by Judge et al. (2011), who suggests that the effect of corruption is larger in studies using data after the year 2000. Secondly, I will explore the indirect effect of corruption on FDI. Everhart et al. (2009) one of the few to examine the indirect relationship of corruption on FDI and public investment and recommends that this should be needs to be investigated more in detail. Furthermore, I use the two most widely used corruption measures available, the Control of Corruption Index (CCI) and the Corruption Perception Index (CPI). My main finding is that corruption does not have a significant effect on FDI. Furthermore, I find no evidence for an indirect of corruption through public investment. The second main result is that corruption does not have a significant effect on public investment.
Cushop: a simulated shopping environment fostering consumer-centric packaging design & testing

Consumer product packaging provides product damage protection, extends product shelf life, and communicates product usage instructions to the consumer. Its collective contribution to the waste stream is notorious, but its role in product salability is much less understood. Consumers now make the majority of product purchase decisions while present at the shelf, and since they do it very quickly (within 5–8 seconds), and do not appear to adhere to strong brand loyalty as was once more common, packaging (and more specifically, its aesthetics and contrast with its competitors) plays a dominant role in the decision-making process. It is difficult, however, to measure and predict the effectiveness of package design via empirical consumer response testing, and even more challenging to seamlessly integrate consumer response measures into the package design process. The key to meaningful measurement of consumer behavior in the package design process is immersion of the consumer in a convincing environment that elicits natural shopping behavior. While an actual retail store offers the most realistic environment, controlling experimental conditions in this setting is problematic. An artificial simulation of such an environment is desirable for reasons of efficiency, cost, and flexibility. CUshop™, a unique laboratory mixing physical store elements with those akin to virtual reality simulation, is introduced. The laboratory has been created with the goal of priming participants into a shopping context, or shopping frame of mind, prompting realistic consumer behavior that can be measured and studied via objective forms of measurement (e.g., eye tracking).
Silly us! Of course the grid doesn`t work : reading methodologies and policy texts on principals' work

This symposium presents work in progress from an ARC (discovery grant) funded investigation of principal supply, conducted by Jill Blackman, Judyth Sachs and Pat Thomas. Our research goals are to examine claims of an impending shortage of school principals in particular schools and localities, critically evaluate a range of possible reasons for this shortage, and ultimately, through woprk with principals' organisations, to develop some possibilities for policy action. In this symposium we focus on: (1) existing studies of principal supply (2) trends apparent from demographic and employment data, and (3) a text and interview based study of 'human resources' policy. We invite discussion on the implications of this first stage for the next - a national survey and interviews with teachers in pre-service training and in their first years of teaching.
Students’ perception on Learning English through Distance Education: An Online Survey conducted in Higher Education Institutes, Sri Lanka at the time of COVID-19

The importance of distance education became very significant in Sri-Lanka with the outbreak of the COVID-19 specially among the students who are enrolled in compulsory English courses, diplomas, and intensive courses via distance education. Hence, the assessment of the students' perception of learning English via Distance learning is essential to enrich the education process. This online survey was conducted among 253 students who study compulsory English Language courses via distance learning education. A questionnaire composed of demographic information, language usage, and a four-dimensional instrument on student perceptions of learning English through distance education was shared online for a period of two weeks to collect data. This instrument was composed of 18 items which were related to Personal suitability, Effectiveness, Teachability, and Study Habits. Descriptive statistics were analysed using SPSS 23.0. The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 21.29 (±1.37) years. The majority of the participants were females (75.5%, n=191), 92.9%. Moreover, most of them were at the undergraduate level (91.3%; n=231). Many of the participants had no previous experience with Distance Learning Education (73.9% n=187). The average of all the items on the four-dimensional instrument was at the level of 'Neutral' or 'Disagree'. It was noted that the various teaching methods should be utilised in the process of online teaching to address the needs of every student in the classroom. It will enhance their level of motivation and make distance learning a promising experience. Further, empowering the students in completing the online assessments and the activities on time was also recommended. Keywords - Distance Learning Education, English language, COVID-19
Private forest ownership in Europe.

More than half of Europe's forests, not including Russia and other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, are privately owned. Private owners play a key role in sustaining forest ecosystems, enhancing rural development and supplying resources to markets. This study paper presents the main findings from the national country reports and draws conclusions on the state of private forestry in Europe in terms of ownership distribution, holding structure, socioeconomic findings and trends, with regard to restitution/privatization, changes of ownership patterns and association of private forest owners.
Survey, Surveillance & Cultural Characteristics of Dry Root Rot of Chickpea caused by Rhizoctonia bataticolain Derapur Tahsil, Kanpur

Uttar Pradesh is a northern State and located between 26.85°N 80.91°E.The State of Uttar Pradesh falls under three agro-climatic zones viz. (a) Agro Climatic Zone–IV: Middle Gangetic Plains region,(b) Agro Climatic Zone–V: Upper Gangetic Plains region and (c) Agro Climatic Zone–VIII: Central Plateau and Hills region. The Agro-climatic zoneV is among the larger and very thickly populated agro-climatic zones. The zone is characterized by semi-arid and sub-humid conditions. The mean Annual rainfall varies between 700 and 1,000 mm. There are three sub-zones under this agro-climatic zone viz. (i) Central Plains, (ii) North-Western Plains and (iii) South-Western Plains. SouthInternational Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 10 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Volatility Patterns and Idiosyncratic Risk on the Swedish Stock Market

Using the methodology introduced by Campbell et al. (2001), we decompose and evaluate the historical volatility patterns of the Swedish stock market in the time period 1985 - 2012. The volatility at all component levels, including idiosyncratic risk, appear to be fairly stable throughout the sample, with the exception of temporary dramatic increases during periods of economic distress. As opposed to Campbell et al. (2001), we do not find an upward trend in idiosyncratic volatility in the full sample period. Increased competition or an increased number of listed firms does not appear to cause an increase in idiosyncratic risk in Sweden. A similar approach is used to study the volatility of individual industries. The results are mixed. Six out of 19 industries exhibit a significant trend in the full sample period, of which four have negative trend coefficients.
OGLE-2014-BLG-1186: gravitational microlensing providing evidence for a planet orbiting the foreground star or for a close binary source?

Discussing the particularly long gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2014-BLG-1186 with a time-scale t_E ∼ 300 d, we present a methodology for identifying the nature of localised deviations from single-lens point-source light curves, which ensures that (1) the claimed signal is substantially above the noise floor, (2) the inferred properties are robustly determined and their estimation is not subject to confusion with systematic noise in the photometry, (3) alternative viable solutions within the model framework are not missed. Annual parallax and binarity could be separated and robustly measured from the wing and the peak data, respectively. We find matching model light curves that involve either a binary lens or a binary source, and discover hitherto unknown model ambiguities. Our binary-lens models indicate a planet of mass M_2 = (45 ± 9) M⊕, orbiting a star of mass M_1 = (0.35 ± 0.06) M⊙, located at a distance D_L = (1.7 ± 0.3) kpc from Earth, whereas our binary-source models suggest a brown-dwarf lens of M = (0.046 ± 0.007) M⊙, located at a distance D_L = (5.7 ± 0.9) kpc, with the source potentially being a (partially) eclipsing binary involving stars predicted to be of similar colour given the ratios between the luminosities and radii. Further observations might resolve the ambiguity in the interpretation in favour of either a lens or a source binary. We experienced that close binary source stars pose a challenge for claiming the detection of planets by microlensing in events where the source passes very close to the lens star hosting the planet.
Energy and environmental performance of a near-zero-effluent rice straw to butanol production plant

ABSTRACT Present article focuses on the energy and environmental performance of a rice straw (RS) biorefinery producing bio-butanol as the main product, ethanol and acetone as the by-products and combined heat and power. The analysis highlights the strategic usage of RS-derived glucose and xylose as primary substrates for biobutanol production. The principle of utilization of total carbon and the fulfillment of the criterion of zero-waste management has been followed along with the generation of in-house energy to offset the energy expenditure and reduce CO2 emission. The overall yields of butanol, ethanol and acetone are 28.53kg, 0.84kg and 6.61kg respectively from 100kg RS. By performing energy analysis in this system for 100kg RS, energy content of lignin, extractives and biogas introduced to CHP have been estimated to be 674.78MJ. Net energy input to the steam turbine of the CHP is 539.83MJ and the outputs of electricity and heat energy are 130MJ and 194MJ, respectively. While the energy efficiency of CHP is 87%, the overall efficiency of the biorefinery through generation of alcohol/solvents and recovery of waste energy in the CHP is 68.2%. Due to the substitution of gasoline by butanol and through electricity generation, reduction of CO2 emission by 36.14kg is possible. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Impact of Economic Inputs on Production of Transportation Services in Iran

In recent years, the value-added created in the transportation industry is about 8 percent of GDP of Iran. Due to the high-induced effect of transportation sector on the whole economy, analyzing transportation production function and its determinant is of great value for policymakers. The objective of the present research is to estimate the transportation production for the case of Iran and to examine the economic inputs of this sector using the auto-regressive distributed lags (ARDL) method based on time series of 1960 to 2014. The research results show, In long-term, the effect of capital, in comparison to energy input and labour, on the production of transportation services is quite stronger by production elasticity of 0.81 while labour and energy production elasticity is near 0.07 and 0.21. Based on the statistical test, the hypothesis of the existence of the economy of scale in transportation sector could not be rejected. Moreover, the coefficient of error correction term is equal to (-0.29), indicating a 29% adjustment toward equilibrium in each period, which It means, after imposing any shock in transportation production, it takes about three periods (years) to converge again to the long run trend.
Do remittances really attract foreign direct investments? Evidence from panel cointegration

This paper examines the long-run relationship between remittance inflows and Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) for 47 developing countries over the period 1980-2014. Panel cointegration techniques that are robust to omitted variable bias, slope heterogeneity and crosssectional dependency are employed. The main results are that remittance flows have some small but positive effects on FDI; however, the results vary by both region and country. Specifically, the positive relationship strongly holds in African countries and high remittance recipient countries but not for Asian and Latin American countries. The causality test suggests that the relationship is bidirectional. These results have important policy implications to developing countries. For example they suggest that policies aimed at increasing remittance inflows also attracts more FDI in some countries and also that remittance inflows be viewed as being both a cause and a consequence of FDI.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor does not increase risks of poor outcomes in cancer patients with COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background The association between prior exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and outcomes of cancer patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has yet to be systematically evaluated. As the current evidence remains equivocal, this meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects of ICI treatment on COVID-19 prognosis, including mortality, severity, and hospitalization.Methods Eligible studies published up to 14 September 2020 were included and assessed for risk of bias using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled effect size along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The quality of body evidence was evaluated using the modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.Results Six studies involving a total of 1647 COVID-19-infected cancer patients were included in the systematic review. We discovered that prior ICI exposure was not associated with COVID-19 mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.93 [95% CI: 0.37-2.36]; I2=30%), severity (OR 1.15 [95% CI: 0.40-3.28]; I2=0%), and hospitalization (OR 1.35 [95% CI: 0.64-2.87]; I2=51%). However, we discovered that prior exposure to chemoimmunotherapy predicted COVID-19 severity (OR 8.19 [95% CI: 2.67-25.08]; I2=0%), albeit with small sample size. GRADE assessments resulted in moderate-quality evidence for mortality, while the other outcomes yielded very low-to-low-quality evidenceConclusion Our findings indicated that ICI treatment should not be adjourned nor terminated during the current pandemic. Rather, COVID-19 vigilance should be increased, especially in patients receiving chemoimmunotherapy. Further studies with larger ICI cohorts are required to confirm our findingsTrial registration number: This project has been prospectively registered at PROSPERO (registration ID: CRD42020202142) on 4 August 2020.
Hubungan Status Gizi terhadap Hasil Belajar Penjas di Sekolah di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini Adalah Bagaimana keterkaitan status gizi terhadapa hasil belajar penjas di sekolah di. Tempat yang menjadi lokasi penelitian ini adalah SMP Negeri 1 Wonomulyo Kabupaten polman. Adapun yang akan diteliti siswa SMP Negeri 1 Wonomulyo. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel dengan pertimbangan dan keadaan tertentu. Jadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP Negeri 1 Wonomulyo sebanyak 30 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu : Menggunakan tes status gizi, dan penilaian hasil belajar penjas. Teknik Analisiss data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adakah analisis deskriptif . Hasil penelitian ini dapat di ketahui dengan hasil tes pengkuran tinggi badan dan pengukuran berat badan (Pengukuran Status Gizi) adalah status gizi berkategori sangat kurus (0%) berkategori kurus sebanyak 6 siswa atau 20%, berkategori normal sebanyak 24 siswa atau 80%, berkategori gemuk (0%) dan berkategori sangat gemuk (0%) secara umum status gisi siswa SMP Negeri 1 Wonomulyo adalah dominan berkategori normal.
FORMING CLOSE-IN EARTH-LIKE PLANETS VIA A COLLISION–MERGER MECHANISM IN LATE-STAGE PLANET FORMATION

The large number of exoplanets found to orbit their host stars in very close orbits have significantly advanced our understanding of the planetary formation process. It is now widely accepted that such short-period planets cannot have formed in situ, but rather must have migrated to their current orbits from a formation location much farther from their host star. In the late stages of planetary formation, once the gas in the protoplanetary disk has dissipated and migration has halted, gas giants orbiting in the inner disk regions will excite planetesimals and planetary embryos, resulting in an increased rate of orbital crossings and large impacts. We present the results of dynamical simulations for planetesimal evolution in this later stage of planet formation. We find that a mechanism is revealed by which the collision–merger of planetary embryos can kick terrestrial planets directly into orbits extremely close to their parent stars.