Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Malignancies in Patients with Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Challenges and Molecular Advances

Celiac disease (CD) is a multiorgan autoimmune disorder of the chronic intestinal disease group characterized by duodenal inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals, precipitated by gluten ingestion. The pathogenesis of celiac disease is now widely studied, overcoming the limits of the purely autoimmune concept and explaining its hereditability. The genomic profiling of this condition has led to the discovery of numerous genes involved in interleukin signaling and immune-related pathways. The spectrum of disease manifestations is not limited to the gastrointestinal tract, and a significant number of studies have considered the possible association between CD and neoplasms. Patients with CD are found to be at increased risk of developing malignancies, with a particular predisposition of certain types of intestinal cancer, lymphomas, and oropharyngeal cancers. This can be partially explained by common cancer hallmarks present in these patients. The study of gut microbiota, microRNAs, and DNA methylation is evolving to find the any possible missing links between CD and cancer incidence in these patients. However, the literature is extremely mixed and, therefore, our understanding of the biological interplay between CD and cancer remains limited, with significant implications in terms of clinical management and screening protocols. In this review article, we seek to provide a comprehensive overview of the genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics data on CD and its relation to the most frequent types of neoplasms that may occur in these patients.
Electronic Structure Calculations on Endohedral Complexes of Fullerenes: Reminiscences and Prospects

The history of electronic structure calculations on the endohedral complexes of fullerenes is reviewed. First, the long road to the isolation of new allotropes of carbon that commenced with the seminal organic syntheses involving simple inorganic substrates is discussed. Next, the focus is switched to author’s involvement with fullerene research that has led to the in silico discovery of endohedral complexes. The predictions of these pioneering theoretical studies are juxtaposed against the data afforded by subsequent experimental developments. The successes and failures of the old and modern quantum-chemical calculations on endohedral complexes are summarized and their remaining deficiencies requiring further attention are identified.
Systematic Evaluation of Antigenic Stimulation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Humoral Immunity as Biomarkers for Disease Evolution

Simple Summary Clonal B cell expansion in chronic lymphocytic leukemia may be triggered by persistent antigenic stimulation. Therefore, studying the dynamics of the humoral response of these patients provide information about serological immunoglobulin levels and identifies which antigens compromise the immune response. Hence, this study is a new point of view that could provide additional information useful in patient stratification and also selection of targeted therapy. Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the Western world. Studies of CLL antibody reactivity have shown differential targets to autoantigens and antimicrobial molecular motifs that support the current hypothesis of CLL pathogenesis. Methods: In this study, we conducted a quantitative serum analysis of 7 immunoglobulins in CLL and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) patients (bead-suspension protein arrays) and a serological profile (IgG and IgM) study of autoantibodies and antimicrobial antigens (protein microarrays). Results: Significant differences in the IgA levels were observed according to disease progression and evolution as well as significant alterations in IgG1 according to IGHV mutational status. More representative IgG autoantibodies in the cohort were against nonmutagenic proteins and IgM autoantibodies were against vesicle proteins. Antimicrobial IgG and IgM were detected against microbes associated with respiratory tract infections. Conclusions: Quantitative differences in immunoglobulin serum levels could be potential biomarkers for disease progression. In the top 5 tumoral antigens, we detected autoantibodies (IgM and IgG) against proteins related to cell homeostasis and metabolism in the studied cohort. The top 5 microbial antigens were associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal infections; moreover, the subsets with better prognostics were characterized by a reactivation of Cytomegalovirus. The viral humoral response could be a potential prognosis biomarker for disease progression.
Spiral modes driven by narrow features in angular-momentum density

Computer simulations are used to demonstrate that a galaxy disc is destabilized by many types of narrow axisymmetric feature in the angular-momentum density distribution of particles. The vigorously growing disturbances, which can develop even in discs having considerable random motion, have a large-scale spiral form. The instabilities associated with a narrow groove are of particular interest, but narrow ridges and features having more complicated profiles are also destabilizing. An approximate local analysis, which reveals the mechanism for the modes and predicts frequencies for both groove and ridge modes in rough agreement with those from the global simulations, is presented.
Internationalization at Home and the Development of Intercultural Competence. Belgian University Students’ Views

Abstract This study contributes to the literature studying Internationalization at Home (IaH) as a way to develop intercultural competence in university students. It investigates how a group of students studying at Belgium’s oldest (°1425) and largest mainly white university perceive intercultural competence and their university’s initiatives to promote its development among local students. The results gained from the thematic analysis of 53 semi-structured interviews show that students’ conceptualizations of intercultural competence validate theoretical frameworks and definitions. Also, although students are mainly supportive of their university’s IaH initiatives they also suggest interesting ways to better support students in acquiring intercultural competence.
Primary Cutaneous T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder in which the majority of cells are reactive T cells with only a minor population of neoplastic large B cells. THRLBCL is a very rare lymphoma, and most cases are nodal THRLBCL; an extranodal case of THRLBCL presenting primarily on the skin is an extremely rare occurrence with only a few cases reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of a primary cutaneous THRLBCL in a 41-year-old Saudi male who presented unusually with multiple skin lesions. He was successfully treated with electron beam radiotherapy and had a complete resolution with no recurrence as of his 24-month follow-up.
Divergence between Hemichannel and Gap Junction Permeabilities of Connexin 30 and 26

Cx30 has been proposed to play physiological functions in the kidney and cochlea, and this has often been associated with its hemichannel role (deafness mutants frequently affecting hemichannels more than gap junctions), implicated in ATP release. Here, we used heterologous expression systems (Xenopus oocytes and N2A cells) to describe the properties of Cx30 hemichannels, with the objective of better understanding their physiological functions. As previously observed, Cx30 hemichannels gated in response to transmembrane voltage (V0) and extracellular [Ca2+] (pK[Ca2+] of 1.9 μM in the absence of Mg++). They show minimal charge selectivity with respect to small ions (ratio of Na+: K+: Cl− of 1: 0.4: 0.6) and an MW cut-off for Alexa Dyes between 643 (Alex 488) and 820 Da (Alexa 594). However, while cations follow the expected drop in conductance with size (Na+ to TEA+ is 1: 0.3), anions showed an increase, with a ratio of Cl− to gluconate conductance of 1:1.4, suggesting favorable interactions between larger anions and the pore. This was further explored by comparing the permeabilities of both hemichannels and gap junctions to the natural anion (ATP), the release of which has been implicated in Ca++ signaling through hemichannels. We extended this analysis to two closely related connexins co-expressed in the cochlear, Cx26 and Cx30. Cx30 and 26 hemichannels displayed similar permeabilities to ATP, but surprisingly Cx26 gap junctions were six times more permeable than their hemichannels and four times more permeable than Cx30 gap junctions. This suggests a significant physiological difference in the functions of Cx26 and Cx30 gap junctions in organs where they are co-expressed, at least with regard to the distribution of energy resources of the cells. It also demonstrates that the permeability characteristics of hemichannels can significantly diverge from that of their gap junctions for some connexins but not others.
Business-Oriented Social Network as a Platform for Personal Promotion

Research Question: This paper aims to investigate the influence of relevant factors on the personal promotion of business-oriented social network users. Motivation: Although personal promotion in online communities has been covered in academic literature (Sczesny & Kaufmann, 2018; Yu & Kim, 2020; Hollenbaugh, 2020), a significant gap in previous studies is found in neglecting influential factors on self-promotion through a business-oriented social network, such as LinkedIn. Therefore, this paper aims to explore LinkedIn users’ opinions about the impact of selected constructs on this business-oriented social network setting. The developed model points to the personal promotion predictors that contribute to the broader business community and career development by enabling the building and strengthening of a personal brand by demonstrating individuals' knowledge and expertise in a particular field. Idea: The core idea is to research social network users' opinions about the impacts of the independent variable Need to Use and dependent variables, Professionalism, Usefulness in Work, and Intention to use on their Personal Promotion. Data: Data analysis was conducted based on replies obtained from 1044 questionnaires distributed in Serbia from November 2019 to July 2020. Tools: Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed and included evaluating the measurement model and testing the structural model. Findings: The survey shows that the need to use social networks influences an individual’s usefulness and professionalism. Results also indicate that professionalism influences the intention of exploiting social network. Finally, the intention to use social networks affects an individual’s personal promotion. Contribution: The research contributes to the literature about individuals' professional and personal promotion and facilitates job-seekers to find a desirable workplace as well as employers to find appropriate candidates.
Fast atoms and negative chain-cluster fragments from laser-induced Coulomb explosions in a super-fluid film of ultra-dense deuterium D(−1)

Fragments from laser-induced Coulomb explosions (CE) in a thin super-fluid film of ultra-dense deuterium D(−1) on a vertical surface are now observed by both negative and positive time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The so-called normal phase of the super-fluid is probably associated with D4 clusters and gives only neutral atomic fragments with a kinetic energy from the CE of 945 eV. The super-fluid phase is associated with long chain clusters D2N with N deuteron pairs and gives cluster fragments by CE mainly with a kinetic energy of 315 eV from the central cleavage in a neutral, positive or negative form. This indicates that the chain clusters are standing perpendicularly to the surface. The fragment charge state is influenced by the external field, which indicates efficient charge transfer processes.
Is the Non-Coding RNA miR-195 a Biodynamic Marker in the Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma? A Prognostic Meta-Analysis

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a heterogeneous group of neoplasms whose histological derivation comes from the mucous membranes lining the epithelium: the oral cavity, the larynx, the hypopharynx, the nasopharynx, and the oropharynx. The etiopathogenetic mechanisms involving tumor genesis including the alteration of cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and death may involve alterations in the expression of microRNA (miR). To date there have been no systematic reviews with meta-analysis conducted specifically on the role of miR-195 in HNSCC; therefore, our hypothesis was to evaluate if the aberrant expression of miR-195 in HNSCC tissues may represent a prognostic biomarker of survival through the hazard ratio (HR) and relative risk (RR) analysis. The systematic review was designed according to the PRISMA indications; in total, three electronic databases were consulted (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central Trial) including Google Scholar and the gray literature, and a combination of keywords was used such as miR-195 AND HNSCC, microRNA AND HNSCC and miR-195. The meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis were performed using RevMan 5.41 software and TSA software (Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). This search identified 1592 articles and, at the end of the selection process, three articles were included. The results of the meta-analysis reported an aggregated risk ratio for overall survival (OS) between the expression of miR-195 at the highest and lowest of 0.36 and 6, respectively, 95% CI: [0.25, 0.51]. Heterogeneity was evaluated through Chi2 = 0.05 df = 2 (p = 0.98) and the Higgins index I2 = 0%. The test for the overall effect was Z = 5.77 (p < 0.00001). The forest plot was in favor of higher OS in patients with high miR-195 expression.
Rotation of a torus

In order to study the rotational motion of a vortex ring or the locomotion of bacteria, which propel their cells by rotating their long curved filaments called flagella, the low‐Reynolds‐number flow resulting from the rotation of a torus is studied. The velocity field is obtained by distributing uniform rotlets along a circle with the rotlet directions tangent to the circle. It is found that the effect of curvature of this ring distribution of uniform rotlets is to displace this rotlet ring from the center of the cross section toward the outside of the torus in the normal direction. The net force exerted on the surrounding fluid by the rotational torus is zero. The net torque acting on the fluid is also zero.
Investigating the Input Validation Vulnerabilities in C Programs

—Input validation is a fairly universal programming practice that helps reduce the chances of producing protection-related vulnerabilities in software. In this paper, an experiment is conducted to specifically determine the input validation issues found in programs and the problematic functions that lead to such issues. The experiment evaluated 12 arbitrarily selected open source C projects written by different programmers. The top two most common input validation problems are buffer overflow/XSS and potential memory mismanagement. In addition, the functions that caused the first problem are: (a) strings/text functions (e.g., strcpy and strcmp), and (b) functions that read from standard input, STDIN (e.g., scanf and gets). In contrast, the functions that caused the second problem are (a) memory allocation/deallocation functions (e.g., memmove and malloc), and (b) file manipulation functions (e.g., fopen and fseek). Furthermore, the goto construct—to a small extent—plays a role. The recommendations are that (a) developers are encouraged to use memory-safe programming languages, otherwise, they should perform different types of checks for the validity of inputs as soon as they are entered, and (b) they should have the required knowledge of secure source code and use tools/suites to manage malformed strings.
Generalized Constraint for a Lossless Multiport Network

This paper presents the generalized constraint conditions for an arbitrary lossless multiport network in partitioned matrix forms, which involve the constraints at magnitudes, phases and determinant of the scattering matrix. The results show that some special properties of a lossless two-port network, such as quasi-reciprocity, quasi-symmetry, and π-convergence of characteristic phases, can be generalized to a lossless N-port network in partitioned matrix forms. Some examples of lossless networks are given to illustrate the application and validity of the proposed approach in this paper.
Supernovae in flocculent and grand design spirals

The arm structure of supernovae host galaxies has been studied in order to ascertain whether or not spiral density waves have an impact on supernovae frequencies. The ensembles of Type I and Type II supernovae hosts contain identical fractions of grand design spirals consistent with the representations in control samples chosen without regard to supernovae production. The results suggest that a density wave does not greatly enhance the massive star formation rate per unit luminosity of a galaxy. Instead, star formation in most galaxies may be dominated by stochastic processes. 30 references.
Amino Acid-Metabolizing Enzymes in Advanced High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Patients: Value of Ascites as Biomarker Source and Role for IL4I1 and IDO1

Simple Summary Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy in the United States. Despite the success of immunotherapy for treatment of various cancer types, its impact on ovarian cancer is restrained by a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We aimed to evaluate the contribution of several amino acid-metabolizing enzymes to this environment by measuring the levels of amino acids and corresponding metabolites in liquid biopsies of high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. The levels of different amino acid-derived metabolites were higher in ascites compared to plasma samples, demonstrating the value of utilizing ascites for biomarker identification. Moreover, the enzymes IDO1 and IL4I1 were identified as active players in high-grade serous ovarian cancer, and a correlation between IL4I1 metabolite levels and disease stage was revealed. Further exploration of the implications of enhanced IL4I1 activity in ovarian cancer is warranted to pave the way for new immunotherapeutic strategies in the treatment of this disease. Abstract The molecular mechanisms contributing to immune suppression in ovarian cancer are not well understood, hampering the successful application of immunotherapy. Amino acid-metabolizing enzymes are known to contribute to the immune-hostile environment of various tumors through depletion of amino acids and production of immunosuppressive metabolites. We aimed to collectively evaluate the activity of these enzymes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients by performing targeted metabolomics on plasma and ascites samples. Whereas no indication was found for enhanced l-arginine or l-glutamine metabolism by immunosuppressive enzymes in ovarian cancer patients, metabolism of l-tryptophan by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) was significantly elevated compared to healthy controls. Moreover, high levels of l-phenylalanine- and l-tyrosine-derived metabolites associated with interleukin 4 induced 1 (IL4I1) activity were found in ovarian cancer ascites samples. While l-tryptophan is a major substrate of both IDO1 and IL4I1, only its enhanced conversion into l-kynurenine by IDO1 could be detected, despite the observed activity of IL4I1 on its other substrates. In ascites of ovarian cancer patients, metabolite levels were higher compared to those in plasma, demonstrating the value of utilizing this fluid for biomarker identification. Finally, elevated metabolism of l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine by IL4I1 correlated with disease stage, pointing towards a potential role for IL4I1 in ovarian cancer progression.
The Modeled Latitudinal Distribution of the Ozone Quasi-Biennial Oscillation Using Observed Equatorial Winds

A simulation of precise years of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is achieved in a two-dimensional model by relaxing the modeled equatorial winds in the lower stratosphere toward radiosonde observations. The model has been run for the period 1971-90. A QBO signal in column ozone is produced in the model that agrees reasonably well with observational data from the BUV, TOMS, and SAGE II satellite datasets. The model results confirm previous indications of the importance of the interaction of the QBO with the annual cycle in the determination of the subtropical ozone anomaly. The low-frequency modulation of the subtropical ozone anomaly is now particularly clear. The low-frequency modulation of the subtropical ozone anomaly in the model arises as a result of the interaction of the QBO with the annual cycle in the vertical advection by the Hadley circulation. The possibility of a further, similar modulation arising from the interaction of the equatorial wind QBO and the annual cycle in midlatitude eddy activity is discussed, with particular emphasis on the implications for the eddy transfer of ozone to high latitudes and on the ability to predict the severity of the Antarctic ozone hole. A link is proposed between the QBO signal inmore » the severity of the Antarctic ozone hole and the amount of ozone observed in the subtropical/midlatitude springtime maximum in the Southern Hemisphere. On the basis of this relationship, the reliability of the model as a predictor of the severity of the ozone hole is explored. A conclusion of the study is that a reliable predictor of the severity of the ozone hole must take into account the timing of the descent of the equatorial wind QBO at the equator with respect to the annual cycle and that the use, as in previous studies, of a single parameter, such as the sign of the 50-mb equatorial wind, will not be entirely reliable because it cannot do this. 31 refs., 11 figs.« less
The extended giant branch of M32

Near infrared color-magnitude diagrams have been constructed for the nearby early type galaxy M32. This diagram reveals the presence of an extended giant branch in M32 which reaches M(bol) = −5.5. The extended giant branch of M32 reaches several magnitudes above the tips of the Galactic globular cluster giant branches and has a much larger color dispersion. While the general color distribution of M32 and Baade's Window giant stars are roughly similar, M32 giant stars reach bolometric luminosities ∼1 magnitude greater than Baade's window giant stars. Furthermore, many M32 giant stars are redder (J-K > 1.4) than the reddest Baade's Window stars
Medium-Range Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts from Canada's New 33-km Deterministic Global Operational System

Abstract The Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC) recently implemented a 33-km version of the Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model, with improved physics, for medium-range weather forecasts. Quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) from this new system were compared with those from the previous global operational system (100-km grid size) and with those from MSC’s short-range (48 h) regional system (15-km grid size). The evaluation is based on performance measures that evaluate bias, accuracy, and the value of the QPFs. Results presented in this article consistently show, for these three aspects of the evaluation, that the new global forecast system (GLBNEW) agrees more closely with observations, relative to the performance of the previous global system (GLBOLD). The biases are noticeably smaller with GLBNEW compared with GLBOLD, which severely overpredicts (underpredicts) the frequencies and total amounts associated with weak (strong) precipitation intensities. The accuracy and value scores r.