Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SEROPREVALENCE AND MOLECULAR DETECTION OF MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CAUSED BY CORONA VIRUS IN SOME CAMELES IN EGYPT

This study was carried out to investigate seroprevalence and molecular detection of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome – Corona virus (MERS-CoV) in some camels in Egypt. For this purpose, a total of 177 blood samples were collected from camels at different abattoirs and localities in Egypt ( Nahya, 20,Alwarraque, 27,Belbais, 12, Kerdasa, 20, Kerdasa camel houe hold, 6, Banha, 7, camel studies and developing center farm in Marsa Matrouh sahara, 5) and examined serologically by microneutralization test . The results revealed that the overall prevalence was 59.3% (105 out of 177). The respective percentages of mentioned abattoirs and localities were 30, 44.4, 83.3, 65, 40, 57.1, 61.5, 86.7, 55, 35and 79.1. Meantime a total of 177 samples (155 nasal, 20 rectal, 1 oral and 1 ocular) were taken from the same camels and were undergo to Real time polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) to detect RNA of MERS-CoV . The results showed that the overall prevalence of MERS-CoV by RT-PCR was 11.9 (21 out of 177). It was found that 21 out of 155 (13.5%) of nasal swab were positive, while all rectal, ocular and oral swabs were negative RT-PCR. It was concluded that there was a detectable level of anti MERS-CoV antibodies in sera of investigated camels in the examined area of Egypt; moreover, viral RNA of MERS-CoV was also detected with varying percentages of camel nasal samples. This indicated the risk hazards of examined camels in Egypt as a potential reservoir for MERS-CoV infection in camels and humans, so the fully precautions and sanitary measures must be taken to avoid infection.
Effectiveness of Organic and Bio-Fertilization on Reduce Rates of Mineral Nitrogen Fertilizers and Impact on Productivity of some Wheat Cultivars

Present study was conducted during two winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 in farm (Ghazala Village), Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, to evaluate the impact of seven fertilization treatments i.e. F1: humic acid (4 kg/fad), F2: F1 +50% recommended dose of nitrogen (37.5 kg N/fad), F3: commercial organic-fertilizer (3G-101), F4: F3+50% recommended dose of nitrogen (37.5 kg N/fad ), F5: yeast extract, F6: F5+ 50% recommended dose of nitrogen(37.5kg N/fad ) and F7: 75kgN/fad (recommended dose), on productivity of two wheat cultivars i.e. Shandawel-1 and Misr 2. Results alluded that Shendawel-1 cultivar surpassed Misr2 cv in each of chlorophyll content (SPAD unit), flag leaf area (cm), spike length (cm), number of spikelets and grains/spike, 1000 grain weight (g), spike weight, number of spikes/m, biological, straw and grain yields as well as harvest index (HI). Treatment F2 outperformed others in chlorophyll content. Treatment F6 recorded the highest value in each of: flag leaf area, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets and grains/spike, 1000 grain weight, number of spikes/m, biological, straw and grain yields/fad and protein content. Treatment F1 gave the lowest values for the previous traits, but give higher harvest index compared to treatment F5. Grain yield/fad positively and significantly correlated with plant height, spike length, No. of spikletes/spike, 1000 grain weight, spike weight and number of spikes/m.
Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Behaviours and Welfare of Meriz Goat

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the behaviour of Meriz goats using environmental enrichment technique. Sixteen goats aged two-four years, were divided into two equal groups, one group was placed in a stall without any enrichment (control), while the other group placed in another stall with enrichment. The enriched stall had six objects including canopy, grooming brush, suspended tire, trunk of tree, and plastic PET bottle suspended and freely move on the floor. The goats’ behaviours were observed for eighty minutes in the morning and eighty minutes in the evening for fifteen consecutive days. Focal-animal sampling methods were used to record the behaviours, in which each animal was observed for ten-minutes period each day. Results revealed that the animals of enriched environment group displayed lower frequency of stereotypic and abnormal behaviour than control group. The mean frequencies of the groups were significantly different (P<0.001) for all recorded behaviours except for stall interaction which showed similar behaviours frequencies (P=0.56). The highest percentage of frequency interaction for grooming brush and suspended tire was detected (27%). It was also found that the frequency interaction between the goats and objects of the enriched environment increased daily and showed significant difference between 1 and 15 days (P<0.001). It was therefore concluded that animals on enriched environment express more behaviours, show greater preference for some objects, and spent more time on objects than non-enriched environment.
Nitrogen availability after repeated additions of raw and anaerobically digested 15N‐labelled pig slurry

Quantifying short‐ and long‐term availability of animal manure nitrogen (N) is of practical interest to ensure adequate crop yield, minimize N pollution and reduce inputs of mineral‐N fertilizer. We measured short‐term carbon (C) and N dynamics after one or six repeated additions to soil (every 56 days) of ammonium sulphate (AS) and undigested (PS) and anaerobically digested (DPS) pig slurry in a laboratory incubation experiment. Soil CO2 emissions, pH and mineral N (ammonium + nitrate) were measured during the period of 0–56 days following fertilizer additions. An accompanying experiment was conducted with similar but 15N‐labelled fertilizers to measure soil mineral N 56 and 112 days after one, three or six repeated additions, and to estimate the increase in slurry available N after repeated additions. Nitrogen from slurries potentially available for plants (77–91, 44–58 and 57–66% of added N for AS, PS and DPS, respectively) was close to that supplied in mineral form with the fertilizer, indicating negligible net mineralization of slurry organic N, after both one and repeated additions. In fact, soil mineral N increased in most of the treatments because of repeated additions, but the increases were small, on average 0.5–2.1% of added N per period of 56 and 112 days. Calculations of availability of fertilizer N based on unlabelled N were equally precise compared with those estimated with 15N, but trends over time were more variable. We conclude that many repeated additions (simulating a long manuring history) are needed to obtain a marked increase in available slurry N, even under controlled conditions.
Hidden Resources of Coordinated XPS and DFT Studies

Electronic configuration of chemically bound atoms, at the surface or in the bulk of a solid, contains the traps for energy absorption provided by the valence band electron transitions; the core-level excitation of any origin is coupled with traps forming the mul- tichannel route for energy dissipation. This chapter displays tracing over these channels by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT). Conformity between energy losses in the XPS spectra and electron transitions in relevant unit cells is verified by the examples of the pristine and half fluorinated graphite C 2 F, and the Br 2 -embedded C 2 F. Perfect XPS-DFT combination can be useful for material science providing exhaustive data on state and geometry of the atoms in a sample, regardless the field of its application. The valence band is insensitive to the energy source for its excitation. It makes the behavior of energy losses in XPS spectra of the atoms to be a descriptor of bonding between these atoms in multicomponent materials. Moreover, the state of any component can be tracked through change or invariability of satellites in the relevant XPS spectra, obtained in the course of the external influence, thus revealing a wear performance of the material.
EFFECT OF OSMOTIC AND CONVENTIONAL DEHYDRATION ON QUALITY OF SOME FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

This study deals with the effect of using osmotic pr-etreatment technology applied to plant materials prior to osmotic dehydration ((O.D)) and the conventional drying((C.D)) on some physicochemical and sensory characteristics of apples , papaya fruits and sweet potatoes . The osmosis syrups were sucrose ,high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and a mixture of sucrose + HFCS (1:1) . Physicochemical properties of apples , papaya fruits and sweet potatoes were evaluated. The quality attributes of osmo –dehydrated ((O.D)) and convectional dried ((C.D)) cubes of apples , papaya fruits and sweet potatoes were evaluated just after processing and during storage for 6 months at ambient temperature . Results indicate that osmodried ((O.D)) samples recorded higher values of moisture , sugars , total acidity but lower pectin contents compared to the convention dried ((C.D)) samples . Also, the retention of ascorbic acid and β– carotene was higher in (O.D) samples which means higher nutritive value . The positive effect of osmotic pretreatment on the physical properties of different dried samples was found . The drying ratio , rehydration ratio (R.R ) , the texture ( firmness ) and drying time were lower in (O.D) samples compared with the (C.D) samples . The reduction in Hunter color parameters L , a and b was higher in (C.D) samples than the (O.D) ones . The effect of storage on different quality parameters were more evident in the C.D samples than the (O.D) ones . The evaluation of sensory characteristics indicated that the (O.D) samples gained the highest scores while there were high significant differences found between the (O.D) and (C.D) samples . slight significant differences were found between the different used syrups of osmosis .
Rational screening of biomineralisation peptides for colour-selected one-pot gold nanoparticle syntheses

Biomineralisation peptides that facilitate the one-pot synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with selected optical properties, were screened using a coherent peptide-spotted array consisting of a AuNP binding peptide library. As the biomineralised AuNPs were captured on each peptide spot, analysis of the images provided information on their collective optical properties.
Beyond Shape Engineering of TiO2 Nanoparticles: Post-Synthesis Treatment Dependence of Surface Hydration, Hydroxylation, Lewis Acidity and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Anatase Nanoparticles with Dominant {001} or {101} Facets

TiO2 anatase nanoparticles are among the relevant players in the field of light-responsive semiconductor nanomaterials used to face environmental and energy issues. In particular, shape-engineered TiO2 anatase nanosheets with dominant {001} basal facets gained momentum because of the possibility to exploit different and/or improved functional behaviors with respect to usual bipyramidal TiO2 anatase nanoparticles, mainly exposing {101} facets. Nevertheless, such behavior depends in a significant extent on the physicochemical features of surfaces exposed by nanosheets. They can vary in dependence on the presence or removal degree of capping agents, namely, fluorides, used for shape-engineering, and experimental investigations in this respect are still a few. Here we report on the evolution of interfacial/surface features of TiO2 anatase nanosheets with dominant {001} facets from pristine nanoparticles fluorinated both in the bulk and at their surface to nanoparticles with F– free surfaces by treatment in a .
Volatile components and sensory properties of jujube wine as affected by material preprocessing

ABSTRACT Fermented jujube wine, derived from the red jujube berry, has a unique flavor, a mild and sweet taste, and high nutritional value. Among diverse varieties of jujube, Bokjo and the native variety are the most frequently cultivated varieties in Korea. The present study aimed to determine the brewing properties of jujube and to compare the characteristics of fresh and dried fruits of the native and Bokjo varieties for optimal brewing conditions for jujube wine production. We investigated the physicochemical and sensory properties, and we compared the volatile compounds in jujube wine prepared using different methods, through solid-phase microextraction (SPME) GC/MS analysis. The physicochemical properties of jujube wine depended on the drying process rather than the cultivar or the presence of seeds. Sensory properties including aroma and sweetness, which have positive effects on jujube wines, were greater in the whole dried fruit group, while negative properties including grassy aroma, sourness, and bitter taste, were high in the fresh fruit group; these observations contrast their physicochemical properties, as analyzed using dried jujube with seeds. Significant differences were observed in volatile compounds among jujube wine samples. In particular, isoamyl octanoate, isoamyl decanoate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate, and 2-phenethyl acetate potentially contribute to the jujube-like flavor of dried jujube wine. These results could be useful as basic data for raw material processing for jujube wine production.
The drying of abattoir paunch for waste-to-energy conversion

Abattoir paunch waste has the potential to become a site-specific, viable, waste-to-energy stream for adoption within the red meat processing industry. While the literature suggests numerous end uses for dried paunch, the high initial moisture content makes undried paunch a waste product of little to no value to the industry. Thus, this thesis aims to determine some of the specific properties of paunch to determine its inherent drying behaviour. If the initial moisture content of paunch can be reduced in a cost effective manner it can become a useful biomass for industrial uses such as co-combustion, pyrolysis, or gasification. Thus, the aim of the thesis is to characterise paunch waste and develop predictive equations to enable assessment of its re-use as a biomass. To achieve the aim this thesis determined drying rates, energy content, equilibrium moisture content, bulk density, and the latent heat of vaporisation of paunch to allow predictive equations to be developed to inform the future design and modelling of a paunch drying method. To enable characterisation of paunch a new thin layer dryer was developed using an environment chamber with purpose built load cells used to record weight changes over time. The results obtained in this study showed that the thin layer drying constant, k, varied from 0.0002 to 0.0029 min-n with an average n value of 1.42 ± 0.081 for 35 to 55 °C operating air at 40, 50, 60, and 80% relative humidity. The equilibrium moisture content varied from 7.14 to 13.44% moisture content and constants for the Chung-Pfost equation were determined. Calorific values varied from 17 to 20 MJ/kg for grass and grain type paunches respectively. Based on newly derived equations the bulk density for untapped paunch ranged from 106 kg/m3 (dry) to 504 kg/m3 (100%) and for tapped 152 kg/m3(dry) to 862 kg/m3(100%). The energy density values for paunch varied from 4 865 to 2 110 MJ/m3. The latent heat of vaporisation for paunch varied from 3 741 to 2 519 kJ/kg for 6 to 15% moisture content. A solution to the Hukill deep-bed drying equation was found with new coefficients specific to paunch determined for the dimensionless time unit. The paunch drying characteristics in this study are expected to benefit Australian and international red meat processing plants by allowing a fundamental understanding of paunch behaviour. This understanding will inform the design of paunch dryers and the selection of appropriate end uses based on the intrinsic properties of paunch such as the energy content and energy density.
Nanocomposite of Polyacrylonitrile/Modified Polyethersulfone and Carbon Nano-onion: Effect of Dispersion on Physical Features, Interface and Fracture Behavior

Abstract In this effort, novel blend of polyacrylonitrile and modified polyethersulfone (PAN/mod-PES) were designed. Two series of nanocomposite were prepared using resin infiltration technique with 0.5-5wt. % carbon nano-onion (CNO) and functional carbon nano-onion (F-CNO) i.e. PAN/mod-PES/CNO 0.5-5 and PAN/mod-PES/F-CNO 0.5-5. Microstructure studies revealed pattern of small beads homogeneously dispersed in form of arrays. Inclusion of 5wt. % nanofiller decreased molecular weight of PAN/mod-PES/CNO 5 and PAN/mod-PES/F-CNO 5 to 110 × 103 and 71 × 103g/mol, respectively, relative to neat blend (160 × 103g/mol). Shear stress of PAN/mod-PES/F-CNO 0.5-5 was found higher than neat blend. Thermal stability of functional nanocomposite was considerably enhanced with nanofiller loading compared with non-functional CNO and attained V-0 rating. Maximum thermal stability was achieved with 5wt. % F-CNO content i.e. T0, T10, and Tmax of 503, 539, and 615 °C, respectively. Higher functional nanofiller loading also enhanced tensile, flexural, and impact strength of nanocomposite up to 63, 189, and 9.7 J/m. Fracture toughness of PAN/mod-PES/F-CNO also significantly improved with bonding time and annealing temperature owing to intermolecular reactions, molecular diffusion occurring at interface, and bonding mechanism. At 200 °C, energy of adhesion attained high value of 930 J/m2 (1h). Besides, PAN/mod-PES with 5 wt. % F-CNO own higher KIC of 0.87MPa m0.5 among nanocomposite. Graphical Abstract
Partnership between life insurers and their intermediaries

Purpose – The purpose of this study attempts to fill the gap in the literature by investigating partnerships between life insurers and insurance intermediaries, the effects of these partnerships, and the parties' willingness to cooperate. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected in a survey of general managers of the insurance intermediaries in Taiwan and were analysed using in-depth interviews and questionnaires. A structural equation modelling approach is employed to test the hypotheses. Findings – The paper finds that partnership components, communication strategies, conflict resolution approaches, and market orientation are related to partnership performance. The paper also finds that willingness to continue cooperation increases with partnership performance. The results have implications for managers of life insurers and their intermediaries. Originality/value – This research is one of the first studies to conceptualize and empirically examine the partnerships of life insurers and insurance .
Self-assembled Mn3O4 nano-clusters over carbon nanotube threads with enhanced supercapacitor performance

A well defined carbon nanotube threaded trimanganese tetroxide (Mn3O4@CNT) nanocomposite has been fabricated through a facile hydrothermal route using acetylacetone as a chelating agent. The Mn3O4 nano-clusters are formed by the self-assembly of numerous Mn3O4 nanostructures and the CNTs are uniformly decorated on the body of Mn3O4 nano-clusters to improve the conductivity of the composite. The porous and well-designed architecture of the Mn3O4@CNT composite could be expected to offer more electroactive sites for pseudocapacitive reactions and shorten the transportation path for the electrolyte ions. Due to these properties as well as the synergistic effect of CNTs and Mn3O4 nano-clusters, the as-synthesized Mn3O4@CNT composite, which was primarily used as a pseudocapacitive material, showed a higher specific capacitance of 81.9 F g−1 at a current density of 0.6 A g−1 with good cycling stability. The delivered capacitance of the composite is comparatively higher than that of the pristine Mn3O4 (53.5 F g−1). The facile preparation approach to balance the higher electrochemical properties of the transition metal oxides with highly conductive carbon nanotubes provides the potential for the development of novel nanocomposites for energy storage devices.
Study on the sodium oxidation properties of low-iron vanadium-titanium magnetite with high vanadium and titanium

ABSTRACT In this work, the oxidation properties of low-iron vanadium-titanium magnetite with high vanadium and titanium in a laboratory muffle furnace was investigated. XRD, SEM, and TG-DSC method are employed to identify the main phases and chemical composition of the samples. The roasting time of 4h and Na2CO3/vanadium titanium magnetite mass ratio of 7.5:100 were determined. The results showed that the blank oxidation roasting temperature ranged from 593°C to 1035°C, the mixed oxidation roasting temperature of vanadium-titanium magnetite and Na2CO3 at the range of 204°C to 825°C, and the forming temperature of soluble vanadate at the range of 700°C to 825°C. When roasting temperature reached 1000°C, consolidation was started. When roasting temperature was 850°C, the roasting conversion efficiency, acid leaching efficiency and water leaching efficiency were 92.4%, 87%, and 85%, respectively.
Production of phosphate biofertilizer through composting and vermicomposting process

The production of organic mineral fertilizers enriched with natural phosphates may increase the solubility of phosphorus, minimizing the dependence of acidulated phosphate fertilizers. In view of the above, the objective was to evaluate the bioavailability of nutrients due to the incorporation of phosphate sources through vermicomposting and composting. It was used a completely randomized design in a 4 x 3 factorial design, with five replicates and four sources of P (1 - Ammonium single superphosphate, 2 - Itafos phosphate, 3 - Araxa phosphate and 4 - termophosphate) and three methods of phosphorus sources addition in the production of organo-mineral fertilizer process: 1 - Vermicompost produced adding the P sources at the beginning of the vermicomposting process (VPB), 2 - Vermicompost produced adding the P sources at the end of the vermicomposting process (VPE) and 3 - Compound, non-vermicomposting, produced with addition of the P sources at the beginning of the composting process (CP). The addition of Araxa or Itafos natural phosphate in composting or after vermicomposting process leads to the production of an organo-mineral fertilizer with good availability of nutrients, such as calcium and phosphorus.