Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histologic features and predicting prognosis in ulcerative colitis patients with mild endoscopic activity

Background/Aims We aimed to evaluate the histologic features predictive of prognosis and correlate them with endoscopic findings in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) having complete or partial mucosal healing (MH). Methods We prospectively collected and reviewed data from patients with UC who underwent colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy with biopsy. Complete and partial MH were defined as Mayo endoscopic subscores (MESs) of 0 and 1, respectively. Histologic variables, including the Nancy index (NI), predicting disease progression (defined as the need for medication upgrade or hospitalization/surgery), were evaluated and correlated with endoscopic findings. Results Overall, 441 biopsy specimens were collected from 194 patients. The average follow-up duration was 14.7 ± 7.4 months. There were 49 (25.3%) and 68 (35.1%) patients with MESs of 0 and 1, respectively. Disease progression occurred only in patients with an MES of 1. NI ≥ 3 was significantly correlated with disease progression during follow-up. Mucosal friability on endoscopy was significantly correlated with NI ≥ 3 (61.1% in NI < 3 vs. 88.0% in NI ≥ 3; p = 0.013). Conclusions Histological activity can help predict the prognosis of patients with UC with mild endoscopic activity. Mucosal friability observed on endoscopy may reflect a more severe histological status, which can be a risk factor for disease progression.
Th‐Pb ion probe dating of zoned hydrothermal monazite and its implications for repeated shear zone activity: An example from the Central Alps, Switzerland

Th‐Pb age dating of zoned hydrothermal monazite from alpine‐type fissures/clefts is a powerful tool for constraining polyphase deformation at temperatures below 350°C and presents an alternative to K/Ar and 40Ar/39Ar dating techniques for dating brittle tectonics. This study considers the relationship between cleft orientations in ductile shear zones and cleft mineral crystallization during subsequent brittle overprinting. In the Grimsel area, located in the Aar Massif of the Central Alps, horizontal clefts formed during a primary thrust dominated deformation, while younger and vertically oriented clefts developed during secondary strike‐slip movements. The change is due to a switch in orientation between the principal stress axes σ2 and σ3. The transition is associated with monazite crystallization and chloritization of biotite at around 11.5 Ma. Quartz fluid inclusion data allow a link between deformation stages and temperatures to be established and indicate that primary monazite crystallization occurred in both cleft systems at 300–350°C. While cleft monazite crystallization ceases at ~11 Ma in inactive shear zones, monazite growth, and/or dissolution‐reprecipitation continues under brittle deformation conditions in vertical clefts during later deformation until ~7 Ma. This younger shear zone activity occurs in association with dextral strike‐slip movement of the Rhone‐Simplon fault system. With the exception of varying Th/U values correlated with the degree of oxidation, there is only limited compositional variation in the studied cleft monazites.
Mordo2: A Personalization Framework for Silent Command Recognition

Wearable human-computer interactions in daily life are increasingly encouraged by the prevalence of intelligent wearables. It poses a demanding requirement of micro-interaction and minimizing social awkwardness. Our previous work demonstrated the feasibility of recognizing silent commands through around-ear biosensors with the limitation of user adaptation. In this work, we ease the limitation by a personalization framework that integrates spectral factorization of signals, temporal confidence rejection and commonly used transfer learning algorithms. Specifically, we first empirically formulate the user adaptation issue by presenting the accuracies of applying transfer learning algorithms to our previous method. Second, we improve the signal-to-noise ratio by proposing the supervised spectral factorization method that learns the amplitude and phase mappings between around-ear signals and the signals of articulated facial muscles. Third, we leverage the time continuity of commands and introduce the time decay into confidence rejection. Finally, extensive experiments have been conducted to evaluate the feasibility and improvements. The results indicate an average accuracy of 92.38% which is significantly larger than solely using transfer learning algorithms. And a comparable accuracy can be achieved with significantly reduced data of new users. The overall performance shows the framework can significantly improve the accuracy of user adaptations. The work would aid a further step toward commercial products for silent command recognition and inspire the solution to the user adaptation challenge of wearable human-computer interactions.
Chemical Characteristics and Genesis of Mineralized, Intermediate-series Granitic Pluton in the Hobenzan Area

Small stock (13 km2) named as Hobenzan pluton of middle Cretaceous age is located geologically in W-province of Sanyo Belt but is associated with many vein-type copper deposits, which are characterized by the presence of tourmaline and polymetallic ore mineral assemblages including As, Co, Bi and W. The stock is composed of biotite-hornblende granodiorite and granite (12 km2 in exposed area) and some biotite aplitic granite (1 km2) and trace of quartz monzodiorite. The granodiorite and granite have magnetic susceptibility of magnetite series values in general but are characterized by low range as 100-565•~10-6 emu/g and also by local ilmeniteseries values, on which local reduction due to admixing of sedimentary wall rocks can be considered . The Hobenzan granitoids are after all an independent, intermediate-series between typical magnetite-series and ilmenite-series granitoids. The aplitic granite may be in situ differentiates of the original granodioritic magmas. Chemically, these granitoids are also intermediate, because the major components are similar to those of the average composition of Japanese granitoids, except for K2O which is distinctly higher than the average composition. Among trace elements, Cl and S contents show characteristics of magnetite series but Rb, Sr, Pb and Li contents are more akin to those of average ilmenite-series granitoids in Japan . Yet, no strong concentration of Rb, Pb, Li and Sn is observed in well differentiated facies of the pluton . Sulfur isotope ratios of rock and ore sulfur mostly fall between +2.2 and +0.6%s ƒÂ84S(CDT), indicating magmatic source for the ore sulfur. The Hobenzan granitoids may have originated in lower continental crust materials that have a moderate Fe2O8/FeO ratio and high contents of K2O, Cl, S, Cu and B. Such a crust may be expected originally in the Asiatic continent. Chlorine may have played most important role to concentrate the ore metals in and around the Hobenzan pluton.
Troponin I Tyrosine Phosphorylation Beneficially Accelerates Diastolic Function

BACKGROUND: A healthy heart is able to modify its function and increase relaxation through post-translational modifications of myofilament proteins. While there are known examples of serine/threonine kinases directly phosphorylating myofilament proteins to modify heart function, the roles of tyrosine (Y) phosphorylation to directly modify heart function have not been demonstrated. The myofilament protein TnI (troponin I) is the inhibitory subunit of the troponin complex and is a key regulator of cardiac contraction and relaxation. We previously demonstrated that TnI-Y26 phosphorylation decreases calcium-sensitive force development and accelerates calcium dissociation, suggesting a novel role for tyrosine kinase–mediated TnI-Y26 phosphorylation to regulate cardiac relaxation. Therefore, we hypothesize that increasing TnI-Y26 phosphorylation will increase cardiac relaxation in vivo and be beneficial during pathological diastolic dysfunction. METHODS: The signaling pathway involved in TnI-Y26 phosphorylation was predicted in silico and validated by tyrosine kinase activation and inhibition in primary adult murine cardiomyocytes. To investigate how TnI-Y26 phosphorylation affects cardiac muscle, structure, and function in vivo, we developed a novel TnI-Y26 phosphorylation-mimetic mouse that was subjected to echocardiography, pressure-volume loop hemodynamics, and myofibril mechanical studies. TnI-Y26 phosphorylation-mimetic mice were further subjected to the nephrectomy/DOCA (deoxycorticosterone acetate) model of diastolic dysfunction to investigate the effects of increased TnI-Y26 phosphorylation in disease. RESULTS: Src tyrosine kinase is sufficient to phosphorylate TnI-Y26 in cardiomyocytes. TnI-Y26 phosphorylation accelerates in vivo relaxation without detrimental structural or systolic impairment. In a mouse model of diastolic dysfunction, TnI-Y26 phosphorylation is beneficial and protects against the development of disease. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated that tyrosine kinase phosphorylation of TnI is a novel mechanism to directly and beneficially accelerate myocardial relaxation in vivo.
The early use of inhaled nitric oxide in premature infants requiring respiratory support

Abstract Background: Earlier studies on the use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for premature infants born at <34 weeks of gestation requiring respiratory support did not provide conclusive evidence of benefit. National guidelines generally discouraged the use in this population. More recent national guidelines endorsed the use of iNO in premature infants with hypoxic respiratory failure (HRF) associated with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Recent Studies: Two recently published observational studies evaluated the effect of administering iNO on oxygenation in the first week of life. These studies compared premature infants born at the gestational age (GA) of <34 weeks with HRF associated with PPHN to term and late preterm infants born at the GA of ≥34 weeks who received iNO. Both studies showed a similar effect of iNO on oxygenation in the two infant cohorts. The response rate in the premature infant cohort was 59% in the first study and 90% in the second. The mean response time was 9.2 h and 10.3 h, and the mean duration of therapy was 3.5 days and 8.2 days, respectively. Conclusion: The results of these studies support a trial of iNO in premature infants with persistent hypoxia despite optimum respiratory support. Obtaining a timely echocardiogram to exclude cardiac diseases and diagnose PPHN is logistically challenging for many clinicians, thus, a clinical diagnosis of PPHN might have to be made in these situations. Questions remain regarding the optimum dose of iNO and the duration of the initial iNO trial in these patients. KEY MESSAGES In the most recently published studies, the improvement of oxygenation in iNO-treated infants born at <34 weeks of gestation with HRF and PPHN physiology was as effective as in infants born ≥34 weeks. These studies provide evidence supporting a trial of iNO in the subpopulation of premature infants with HRF associated with PPHN.
Utility or futility? A contemporary approach to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for TP53-mutated MDS/AML

Abstract TP53-mutated myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are among the most lethal malignancies, characterized by dismal outcomes with currently available therapies. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is widely thought to be the only treatment option to offer durable disease control. However, outcomes with allo-HCT in this context are quite poor, calling into question the utility of transplantation. In this review, we summarize the latest data on allo-HCT outcomes in this subgroup, evaluating the limitations of available evidence; we review the molecular heterogeneity of this disease, delineating outcomes based on distinct biological features to aid in patient selection; and we critically examine whether allo-HCT should be routinely applied in this disease on the basis of currently available data. We propose that the exceptionally poor outcomes of patients with TP53-mutated MDS/AML with biallelic loss and/or adverse-risk cytogenetics should motivate randomized-controlled trials of HCT vs non-HCT to determine whether transplantation can prolong survival and/or positively impact other clinically relevant outcomes such as patient-reported outcomes or healthcare resource utilization in this disease subset. Without dedicated prospective randomized trials, selecting who may actually derive benefit from allo-HCT for TP53-mutated MDS/AML can be described as ambiguous guesswork and must be carefully contemplated.
Few-Shot Classification of Autism Spectrum Disorder using Site-Agnostic Meta-Learning and Brain MRI

For machine learning applications in medical imaging, the availability of training data is often limited, which hampers the design of radiological classifiers for subtle conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Transfer learning is one method to counter this problem of low training data regimes. Here we explore the use of meta-learning for very low data regimes in the context of having prior data from multiple sites – an approach we term site-agnostic meta-learning. Inspired by the effectiveness of meta-learning for optimizing a model across multiple tasks, here we propose a framework to adapt it to learn across multiple sites. We tested our meta-learning model for classifying ASD versus typically developing controls in 2,201 T1-weighted (T1-w) MRI scans collected from 38 imaging sites as part of Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) [age: 5.2 -64.0 years]. The method was trained to find a good initialization state for our model that can quickly adapt to data from new unseen sites by fine-tuning on the limited data that is available. The proposed method achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC)=0.857 on 370 scans from 7 unseen sites in ABIDE using a few-shot setting of 2-way 20-shot i.e., 20 training samples per site. Our results outperformed a transfer learning baseline by generalizing across a wider range of sites as well as other related prior work. We also tested our model in a zero-shot setting on an independent test site without any additional fine-tuning. Our experiments show the promise of the proposed site-agnostic meta-learning framework for challenging neuroimaging tasks involving multi-site heterogeneity with limited availability of training data.Clinical Relevance— We propose a learning framework that accommodates multi-site heterogeneity and limited data to assist in challenging neuroimaging tasks.
Real-world management practices and characteristics of patients with advanced melanoma initiated on immuno-oncology or targeted therapy in the first-line setting during the period 2015–2018 in Greece. The ‘SUMMER’ study: a retrospective multicenter chart review project

This study primarily aimed to generate real-world evidence (RWE) on the profile and first-line treatment (1LT) patterns of patients with advanced (unresectable Stage III/metastatic) cutaneous melanoma initiated on immuno-oncology (IO)- or targeted therapy (TT)-based 1LT between 1 January 2015 and 1 January 2018 (index period), in routine settings of Greece. This was a multicenter, retrospective chart review study. Eligible consented (unless deceased, for whom consent was waived by the hospital) patients were consecutively included by six oncology clinics. The look-back period extended from informed consent or death to initial melanoma diagnosis. Between 9 Junuary 2021 and 9 February 2022, 225 eligible patients (all Caucasians; 60.4% male; 35.6% diagnosed with de novo advanced melanoma) were included. At 1LT initiation, median age was 62.6 years; 2.7/6.7/90.7% of the patients had Stage IIIB/IIIC/IV disease and 9.3% were unresected. Most frequent metastatic sites were the lung (46.7%), non-regional nodes (33.8%), and liver (20.9%). Among patients, 98.2% had single primary melanoma, 45.6% had disease localized on the trunk, and 63.6% were BRAF-mutant. Of the patients, 45.3% initiated 1LT with an IO-based, 53.3% with a TT-based regimen, and three patients (1.3%) received TT-based followed by IO-based or vice versa. Most common 1LT patterns (frequency ≥10%) were BRAFi/MEKi combination (31.6%), anti-PD-1 monotherapy (25.3%), BRAFi monotherapy (21.8%), and anti-CTLA-4 monotherapy (17.8%). Most frequent regimens were Dabrafenib+Trametinib in 25.3%, and monotherapies with Pembrolizumab/Ipilimumab/Vemurafenib/Dabrafenib in 23.6/17.8/11.1/10.7% of patients, respectively. SUMMER provides RWE on 1LT strategies and profile of patients initiated 1L IO- or TT-based therapy in Greece during the 3-year index period.
Attachment and Imagination in Coptic Christians` Religious and Aesthetic Experiences

Abstract Coptic Orthodox iconography is a living tradition from a community that is underrepresented in the psychology of religion. It offers a prism for empirical investigation of religious aesthetic experiences and psychosocial factors that colour this class of experiences. This article reports a mixed-methods study focusing on attachment and imagination in experiences with Coptic icons. We qualitatively explored the significance of iconography within the community, with expert interviews revealing a dual function of the icon in public and private prayer lives. Home interviews with a subsample of Copts presenting secure attachment tendencies (n = 15) explored personal relationships to icons. These revealed themes related to physical space, narrative identity, and communication to the Divine. A cross-sectional survey (N = 88) was treated with principal components analyses, a correlation matrix, and two-way ANOVA. Participants endorsing secure attachments tended towards more intensity and security in relation to their religion and icons. In contrast, insecurely attached participants had less knowledge of icons and presented with expressive imagination, or a sensitivity to metaphor and fantasy. Developed in consultation with religious community members, this study presents new insights on attachment, imagination, religiosity, and cultural belonging.
Lichenological Exploration of Algeria II: Checklist of Lichenized, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi

Abstract: Amrani, S. , Seaward, M. R. D. , Sipman, H. J. M. & Feuerer, T. 2018. Lichenological exploration of Algeria II: checklist of lichenized, lichenicolous and allied fungi. – Herzogia 31: 817–892. Despite more than two centuries of almost uninterrupted studies of the Algerian lichen flora, its diversity, ecology and biogeography remain much under-explored. Following the publication of our historical overview of lichenological exploration of Algeria (1798–2013) and an annotated bibliography of 171 titles in 2015, it was thought necessary to provide a basis for future studies in the form of a checklist of Algerian lichens and lichenicolous fungi. In all, 1051 lichen taxa and 43 species of lichenicolous and allied fungi are listed, and their synonyms used in publications on Algerian lichens are provided. An attempt has also been made to provide basic biogeographical data.
Comparing Prophylactic Effect of Levetiracetam, Sodium Valproate, and Propranolol in Pediatric Migraine: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objectives Epidemiologic studies point to an increased prevalence of migraine in children in recent decades. Migraine treatment involves acute and prophylactic therapy. Recently, such anti-epileptic drugs as Levetiracetam have been used to treat adult migraines. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of Levetiracetam, Sodium Valproate, and Propranolol in preventing migraine headaches in children. Materials & Methods In this clinical trial, children with migraine were randomly divided into three groups. Each group consisted of 13 children. Two groups were treated with Propranolol and Sodium Valproate, respectively. Another group (the case) was treated with Levetiracetam. The patients were assessed based on headache score, PedMIDAS, and headache frequency before and three months after the intervention. Finally, the data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods. Results Levetiracetam significantly reduced the headache severity (P=0.026), frequency (P=0.024), and PedMIDAS score (P=0.001) in children with migraine. However, no significant difference was found between the three groups. The percentage of patients who experienced pain relief was detected as 69.24%, 92.31%, and 30.76% in the Propranolol, Sodium Valproate, and Levetiracetam groups, respectively. Conclusion This study concluded that Levetiracetam can be used as a migraine prophylaxis drug in children.
Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease

742 Abstract—Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global deaths, with the majority occurring in lowand middle-income countries. The primary and secondary prevention of CVD is suboptimal throughout the world, but the evidence–practice gaps are much more pronounced in lowand middle-income countries. Barriers at the patient, healthcare provider, and health system level prevent the implementation of optimal primary and secondary prevention. Identification of the particular barriers that exist in resource-constrained settings is necessary to inform effective strategies to reduce the identified evidence–practice gaps. Furthermore, targeting modifiable factors that contribute most significantly to the global burden of CVD, including tobacco use, hypertension, and secondary prevention for CVD, will lead to the biggest gains in mortality reduction. We review a select number of novel, resource-efficient strategies to reduce premature mortality from CVD, including (1) effective measures for tobacco control, (2) implementation of simplified screening and management algorithms for those with or at risk of CVD, (3) increasing the availability and affordability of simplified and cost-effective treatment regimens including combination CVD preventive drug therapy, and (4) simplified delivery of healthcare through task-sharing (nonphysician health workers) and optimizing self-management (treatment supporters). Developing and deploying systems of care that address barriers related to the above will lead to substantial reductions in CVD and related mortality. (Circulation. 2016;133:742–755. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.008721.)