Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abductor muscle function after anterolateral approach in patients with unilateral end-stage hip osteoarthritis undergoing total hip arthroplasty: A prospective study

Background Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a successful procedure for treating end-stage hip osteoarthritis (OA). Regarding the surgical approach for THA, the anterolateral (AL) approach, which requires anterior hemimyotomy of the gluteus medius muscle, has shown a long-term favorable outcome. However, to date, complete information related to hip abductor muscle outcomes after the AL approach is unavailable. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcome of patients who undergo THA using the AL approach in terms of hip abductor muscle recovery, pain, function, and muscle healing status. Methods Twenty patients diagnosed with unilateral end-stage hip OA underwent cementless THA with the AL approach. All patient procedures were performed by a single surgeon. Preoperative and postoperative data were collected at 2-week, 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up periods. Hip abductor muscle power was measured via handheld dynamometer. The healing of the musculotendinous repair was evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging at 9 months. Results After THA, hip abductor muscle power in the operated hip significantly increased as early as 3 months post-procedure when compared with the preoperative value (p < 0.05). The other parameters—including pain score, Harris hip score, and WOMAC score—significantly improved as early as 2 weeks post-operation (p < 0.05). In all patients, MRI scans showed good healing of the muscle repair site without a gap in the gluteus medius muscle. However, three patients (15%) had some fibrosis and tendon swelling at the repair site. Conclusion This study demonstrated that patients with end-stage hip OA could experience significantly improved hip abductor motor function as early as 3 months after undergoing THA with the AL approach. Moreover, despite patients experiencing anterior hemimyotomy of the gluteus medius muscle, no significant complications emerged at the muscle repair site in the AL approach.
Integrating Language Guidance Into Image-Text Matching for Correcting False Negatives

Image-Text Matching (ITM) aims to establish the correspondence between images and sentences. ITM is fundamental to various vision and language understanding tasks. However, there are limitations in the way existing ITM benchmarks are constructed. The ITM benchmark collects pairs of images and sentences during construction. Therefore, only samples that are paired at collection are annotated as positive. All other samples are annotated as negative. Many correlations are missed in these samples that are annotated as negative. For example, a sentence matches only one image at the time of collection. Only this image is annotated as positive for the sentence. All other images are annotated as negative. However, these negative images may contain images that correspond to the sentences. These mislabeled samples are called false negatives. Existing ITM models are optimized based on annotations containing mislabels, which can introduce noise during training. In this paper, we propose an ITM framework integrating Language Guidance (LG) for correcting false negatives. A language pre-training model is introduced into the ITM framework to identify false negatives. To correct false negatives, we propose language guidance loss, which adaptively corrects the locations of false negatives in the visual-semantic embedding space. Extensive experiments on two ITM benchmarks show that our method can improve the performance of existing ITM models. To verify the performance of correcting false negatives, we conduct further experiments on ECCV Caption. ECCV Caption is a verified dataset where false negatives in annotations have been corrected. The experimental results show that our method can recall more relevant false negatives.
Geographical variation in cool and warm season responses of earlywood and latewood tree‐ring chronologies in Athrotaxis selaginoides

Our understanding of land‐based cool season temperature variability over the past millennium is limited by the relative lack of annually resolved temperature proxies, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we develop the first earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) width chronologies from Australia based on the Tasmanian endemic conifer Athrotaxis selaginoides in the far southeast of Australia. We also develop total ring width (RW), EW and LW chronologies from a new site in the far south. We compare the climate responses of RW, EW and adjusted LW chronologies of three A. selagnoides sites near the southern extent of the species with three sites of the species near the northern extent of the species. RW and EW at the southern sites are strongly and positively related to cool season temperature (July–October), but in the north, RW and EW are more strongly and positively related with summer (December–February) temperatures. Once adjusted for the influence of the same growing season EW, LW in the north is very strongly negatively correlated with January–February temperatures across southeastern Australia. The new southern RW and EW chronologies can be used to extend one of only two annually resolved regional cool season temperature reconstructions in the Southern Hemisphere back a further 180 years.
Global optimization of nonconvex nonlinear programs using parallel branch and bound

A branch and bound algorithm for computing globally optimal solutions to non-convex nonlinear programs in continuous variables is presented. The algorithm is directly suitable for a wide class of problems arising in chemical engineering design. It can solve problems defined using algebraic functions and twice differentiable transcendental functions, in which finite upper and lower bounds can be placed on each variable. The algorithm uses rectangular partitions of the variable domain and a new bounding program based on convex/concave envelopes and positive definite combinations of quadratic terms. The algorithm is deterministic and obtains convergence with final regions of finite size. The partitioning strategy uses a sensitivity analysis of the bounding program to predict the best variable to split and the split location. Two versions of the algorithm are considered, the first using a local NLP algorithm (MINOS) and the second using a sequence of lower bounding programs in the search for local minima. Runtime results for both versions are presented for a set of 50 test problems. In addition, a parallel version of the branch and bound algorithm is presented and tested. Parallelism is achieved by applying a separate processor to the bounding of each region. Each processor maintains a list of regions to be analyzed, and a load balancing scheme is used to balance the quality and quantity of regions available in each processor's list.
Monte Carlo Modeling of the Thermal Conductivity of Porous Cometary Ice

Abstract The basic structure of comet nuclei is an aggregation of grains, with a size distribution that extends over several orders of magnitude and a similar distribution of pores. Although attempts have been made to assess the effect of porosity on the thermal conductivity, the effect of pore size distribution has been ignored. Modeling a porous structure with a wide size distribution would require a very fine 3-D grid, so as to accommodate the smallest and largest voids. In order to circumvent this difficulty, we adopt a hierarchical procedure. Thus we assume a random and fractal porous structure and use a 3-D Monte Carlo model. The basic configuration is a cube made of unit cells of two types, (ice) filled and void, randomly distributed. Their relative number corresponds to a prescribed porosity. We solve the heat transport equation for this cube until a steady state is obtained, and from this solution the effective thermal conductivity is derived. The calculations are repeated for a range of porosities and temperatures, since the ice conductivity is temperature dependent. The basic cube serves as a unit filled cell in a larger cube, and in this way the hierarchical structure of the medium is built up. We find that the thermal conductivity is lowered by several orders of magnitude at high porosities. The correction factor, obtained as a fit to the results of our calculations, is expressed as a smooth function of the porosity, which tends to zero as the porosity approaches the percolation threshold of the solid. If only the porosity of the medium is known, this correction is not uniquely determined, but rather a range of values is possible. Only if the size distribution of the pores is known does the correction become uniquely determined.
Thermodynamic characteristics of air flowing into and out of precipitating convection over the west Pacific warm pool

Aircraft data from the Tropical Ocean/Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA‐COARE) indicate the validity of current conceptual models used in cumulus parametrization theories. This study makes use of 1 s (˜ 100m) measurements of temperature, dew‐point temperature and pressure taken along the aircraft flight tracks and airborne radar data. The radar data are used to determine the location, depth and horizontal extent of the convection and to categorize the thermodynamic data according to whether the measurements were obtained in precipitation areas or in regions of inflow to convection.
70% frequency-doubling efficiency of 0.8-W mode-locked picosecond Ti:sapphire laser with external cavity

The importance of the light source in the UV and VUV region has increased in industrial and scientifical fields. In general, the second harmonic generation of near-infrared coherent light in an external enhancement cavity has been used to obtain high-efficiency and high-power coherent UV lights. However, the pump light of the high average power has been necessary for such high-effective wavelength conversions. We studied high-efficient and simple generation of UV continuous and quasi-continuous waves by optimizing an external cavity and using a BiB3O6 (BiBO) as a nonlinear crystal of relatively high nonlinear optical coefficient. We report the generation of high-efficient 389nm coherent light based on the second harmonic generation of a mode-locked Ti:sapphire picosecond pulses laser with BiBO. As a result, more than 500mW of output at 389nm was obtained with the maximum input of 800mW and a maximum efficiency of 63%. Furthermore, considering the reflective loss of output mirror of 389nm light, we could obtain 70% conversion efficiency. This value was one of the best results of the second harmonic generation of less than 1W of average pump power.
Off-label use information in electronic drug information resources

Objective: To compare electronic drug information resources for scope, completeness, and consistency of off-label uses information, and to group resources into tiers based on these endpoints. Methods: An evaluation study of six electronic drug information resources (Clinical Pharmacology, Lexi-Drugs, American Hospital Formulary Service Drug Information, Facts and Comparisons Off-Label, Micromedex Quick Answers, and Micromedex In-Depth Answers) was conducted. All off-label uses for the top 50 prescribed medications, by volume, were extracted from all resources and used to determine scope (i.e., whether the resource listed the use). Fifty randomly selected uses were then evaluated for completeness (i.e., whether the entry cited clinical practice guidelines, cited clinical studies, provided a dose, described statistical significance, and described clinical significance) and consistency (i.e., whether the resource provided the same dose as the majority). Results: A sample of 584 uses was generated. The largest number of listed uses was in Micromedex In-Depth Answers (67%), followed by Micromedex Quick Answers (43%), Clinical Pharmacology (34%), and Lexi-Drugs (32%). The highest scoring resources for completeness were Facts and Comparisons Off-Label (median score 4/5), Micromedex In-Depth Answers (median score 3.5/5), and Lexi-Drugs (median score 3/5). Consistency with the majority in terms of dosing was highest for Lexi-Drugs (82%), Clinical Pharmacology (62%), Micromedex In-Depth Answers (58%), and Facts and Comparisons Off-Label (50%). Conclusion: The top-tiered resources for scope were Micromedex In-Depth and Quick Answers. For completeness, the top-tiered resources were Facts and Comparisons Off-Label and Micromedex In-Depth Answers. Lexi-Drugs and Clinical Pharmacology were the most consistent in dosing.
Diversity and Disconnection: Does an Online Setting Affect Student’s Understanding of Privilege, Oppression, and White Guilt?

Abstract Should educators teach diversity courses in online formats? Courses covering sexism, racism, ethnocentrism, or homophobia are increasingly part of the curriculum requirements for college students. This study compares student surveys from six sections of the author’s introductory Diversity in Politics course; three of these sections are taught asynchronously online, and three are taught in a face-to-face setting. Results reveal no difference between online and face-to-face students’ understandings of privilege and oppression, sense of belonging, or white guilt. However, although all Republican students increased their understanding of privilege and oppression from this course, Republican students uniquely entered the course with less knowledge of oppression and experienced increased growth compared to their online counterparts. The importance of partisanship suggests a more student-centered approach can be valuable in determining the transmissibility of online diversity courses and provides evidence for a successful model for political science diversity courses in online and in-person spaces.
Adjusting Heterodimeric Coiled-Coils (K/E Zipper) to Connect Autophagy-Inducing Peptide with Cell-Penetrating Peptide

A connection of a functional peptide with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) used a heterodimeric coiled-coil as a molecular zipper can improve the intracellular delivery and activity of the functional peptide. However, the chain length of the coiled coil required for functioning as the molecular zipper is unknown at present. To solve the problem, we prepared an autophagy-inducing peptide (AIP) that conjugates with the CPP via heterodimeric coiled-coils consisting of 1 to 4 repeating units (K/E zipper; AIP-Kn and En-CPP), and we investigated the optimum length of the K/E zipper for effective intracellular delivery and autophagy induction. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that K/E zippers with n = 3 and 4 formed a stable 1:1 hybrid (AIP-K3/E3-CPP and AIP-K4/E4-CPP, respectively). Both AIP-K3 and AIP-K4 were successfully delivered into cells by the corresponding hybrid formation with K3-CPP and K4-CPP, respectively. Interestingly, autophagy was also induced by the K/E zippers with n = 3 and 4, more intensively by the former than by the latter. The peptides and K/E zippers used in this study did not show significant cytotoxicity. These results indicate that the effective induction of autophagy occurs via an exquisite balance of the association and dissociation of the K/E zipper in this system.
VERTICALLY LOADED PILES IN NON-HOMOGENEOUS MEDIA

SUMMARY Analytical methods for the axial responses of piles can be classified under three broad categories of (1) simple but approximate analytical solutions, (2) one-dimensional numerical algorithms, (3) full axisymmetric analyses using boundary or finite element approaches. The first two categories rely on the so-called load transfer approach, with interaction between pile and soil determined by independent springs distributed along the pile shaft and at the pile base. The non-linear spring sti⁄ness is related to the elastic—plastic properties of the actual soil partly by empirically based correlations and partly by theoretical arguments based on simplified models of the pile—soil system. This paper presents new closed-form solutions for the axial response of piles in elastic—plastic, non-homogeneous, media. The solutions fall in the first of the three categories above, and have been verified through extensive parametric studies using more rigorous onedimensional and continuum analyses. The e⁄ect of non-homogeneity and partial slip on the load and displacement profiles along the pile shaft is explored, and comparisons are presented with experimental data. ( 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association of Vegetable Consumption with Stroke in China: A Longitudinal Study

Research on the relationship between vegetable consumption and stroke among the Chinese population is still rare. This study aimed to explore the association between vegetable consumption and stroke. Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018), we included 15,145 participants over 40 years old without stroke as the baseline. Participants were categorized into five groups according to vegetable consumption. The adjusted HRs of stroke associated with vegetable consumption were calculated using the COX proportional hazards model. During the follow-up, 504 stroke cases were detected (303 men and 201 women). For the females, compared with the Q1 group of vegetable consumption, the multivariable-adjusted HRs for stroke were 0.60 (95%CI 0.36, 1.00) in the group of Q4. No significant associations between vegetable consumption and stroke were found among males. Furthermore, compared with the Q1 group of dark vegetable consumption, for the whole subjects, the multivariable-adjusted HRs for stroke were 0.68 (95%CI 0.50, 0.92) in the group of Q4. For the females, compared with the Q1 group of dark vegetable consumption, the multivariable-adjusted HRs for stroke were 0.49 (95%CI 0.30, 0.80) in the group of Q4. In conclusion, this study suggested that vegetable consumption decreases the risk of stroke among Chinese females. In addition, the intake of dark vegetables was inversely associated with stroke.
A note on the optimum profile of a sprayless planing surface

The paper presents an exact analytical solution to the problem of finding the optimum profile of a two-dimensional plate which planes on a water surface without spray formation and maximizes the lift force. The lift is maximized under the only isoperimetric constraint of fixed total arclength of the plate. The exact solution is compared with approximate analytical and numerical results by Wu & Whitney (1972). The shape of the optimum plate turns out to be technically unrealizable because of small, tightly wound spirals near the end points. It was shown numerically that cutting off small segments near the end points leads on the one hand to insignificant change in the lift force and on the other hand to a non-separating boundary layer along the remaining part of the optimum plate.
Unexpected cardiorespiratory findings postictally and at rest weeks prior to SUDEP

Introduction Mechanisms underlying sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) are unclear, but autonomic disorders are thought to play a critical role. However, those dysfunctions have mainly been reported in the peri-ictal context of generalized tonic–clonic seizures. Here, we explored whether heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate (HR), and breathing rate (BR) changes could be observed perictally during focal seizures with or without impaired awareness as well as interictally to assess the risk of SUDEP. We report the case of a 33-year-old patient with drug-resistant bilateral temporal lobe epilepsy who died at home probably from an unwitnessed nocturnal seizure (“probable SUDEP”). Methods Ictal and interictal HRV as well as postictal cardiorespiratory analyses were conducted to assess autonomic functions and overall SUDEP risk. The SUDEP patient was compared to two living male patients from our local database matched for age, sex, and location of the epileptic focus. Results Interictal HRV analysis showed that all sleep HRV parameters and most awake HRV parameters of the SUDEP patient were significantly lower than those of our two control subjects with bitemporal lobe epilepsy without SUDEP (p < 0.01). In two focal with impaired awareness seizures (FIAS) of the SUDEP patient, increased postictal mean HR and reduced preictal mean high frequency signals (HF), known markers of increased seizure severity in convulsive seizures, were seen postictally. Furthermore, important autonomic instability and hypersensitivity were seen through fluctuations in LF/HF ratio following two seizures of the SUDEP patient, with a rapid transition between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. In addition, a combination of severe hypopnea (202 s) and bradycardia (10 s), illustrating autonomic dysfunction, was found after one of the SUDEP patient’s FIAS. Discussion The unusual cardiorespiratory and HRV patterns found in this case indicated autonomic abnormalities that were possibly predictive of an increased risk of SUDEP. It will be interesting to perform similar analyses in other SUDEP cases to see whether our findings are anecdotal or instead suggestive of reliable biomarkers of high SUDEP risk in focal epilepsy, in particular focal with or without impaired awareness seizures.
Echinophora tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana—Study of the Histochemical Localization of Essential Oil

Background: Echinophora tenuifolia L. subsp. sibthorpiana is a perennial, aromatic plant used in traditional folk medicine and cuisine of the Mediterranean and the Middle East. However, scholars have not fully studied the pharmacological potential of the herb, and the scientific data on this plant species are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) obtained from the aerial parts of E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana growing wild in Bulgaria and to perform histochemical analysis. Methods: A microscopic histochemical analysis and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry were performed. Results: The histochemical analysis confirmed the presence of terpenes in the stem and leaf of E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana. The phenylpropanoid methyleugenol was identified as the main compound in the EO, representing 48.13% of the total oil composition. There were also found considerable amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons, representing 41.68% of the total EO. Alpha-phellandrene, o-cymene, and β-phellandrene were the most abundant monoterpene hydrocarbons. Conclusion: This is the first histochemical analysis performed on E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana. This is the first report of the EO composition from Bulgarian E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana, and our results indicate some future possibilities for evaluating of the biological activity of the EO of E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana and highlight the potential future use of the EO of this plant species. E. tenuifolia L. subsp. sibthorpiana EO possesses a good potential for use as a biopesticide and repellent an environmentally friendly alternative of synthetic pesticides.
A novel ameliorated rat model of reversible obstructive jaundice

现有的可逆性梗阻性黄疸动物模型存在许多缺陷，严重限制了其应用。 一个简单、可靠的可逆性梗阻性黄疸动物模型值得进一步研究和探索。 本研究利用改良式胆管结扎代替传统胆管结扎构建SD大鼠梗阻性黄疸模型，并基于改良式胆管结扎成功构建可逆性梗阻性黄疸模型。 并通过肝功能、苏木精-伊红（HE）染色、Masson染色及天狼星红染色研究证实了胆道复通的有效性。 进一步研究发现胆道复通7天后胆管细胞增殖和肝纤维化明显减轻，但其组织学病变尚未完全恢复正常；同时胆道复通7天后可显著降低CK19和衰老相关蛋白（p16及p21）的表达，但较正常组织仍高表达。 因此，本研究成功建立了一种简单有效的可逆性梗阻性黄疸模型，其可有效地避免二次剖腹手术，显著降低死亡率，具有广泛的应用前景。
Stress-strain-temperature relationship of shape memory alloys

By introducing an interaction energy function, the first two of the present authors proposed a one-dimensional pseudoelastic theory of shape memory alloys, which has been demonstrated to model complicated experimental results and Tanaka's transformation kinetics qualitatively well. To study the stress-strain-temperature relationship, we further develop the pseudoelastic theory by introducing temperature-dependent terms in the free energy function proposed by Ranieki and Bruhns. In addition, the effect of temperature is included in the interaction energy. For computational analysis, material parameters are estimated from data measured by Tobushi and his coworkers in their experiments. Numerical results show that predictions by the present theory agree with some essential feature of their experimental results.