Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHROMagar as a primary isolation medium for rapid identification of Candida and its role in mixed Candida infection in sputum samples

Introduction: Candida species occurs as commensal organisms but in immunocompromised patients and those on long term antibiotics, these unrecognized opportunistic fungi may become fatal. Although C. albicans is the most frequently isolated pathogen, the incidence of infections due to non-albicans Candida are on the increase especially with fluconazole resistant strains. Identification of Candida to species level therefore becomes important for selecting the appropriate antifungal agents. The need for rapid identification and the difficulty in detecting mixed cultures on the traditional Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (SDA) have led to the development of chromogenic media. Aim: This study was done to evaluate the usefulness of CHROMagar Candida for rapid identification of Candida species and to identify mixed Candida infection from sputum samples. Materials and methods: A total of 126 sputum samples were inoculated on CHROMagar Candida. The plates were incubated at 37C for 48 hrs and the growth identified based on the colour of the colony. Results: Single yeast infection was observed in 113 samples (89.7%) and 11 samples showed mixed infection (8.7%). In our study, C.albicans (61.5%) was the predominant species and among the non-albicans Candida, C. tropicalis (18.5%) was the commonest species. Conclusion: Certainly CHROMagar Candida will be useful as a primary culture medium for identifying the yeast infections directly from the clinical specimens and also for the detection of mixed yeast infections which cannot be done on conventional SDA. Hence it helps us in selecting the appropriate antifungal agents for therapy and prophylaxis.
Cardiometabolic Risk in Overweight and Obese Children in Bangladesh

Introduction: Childhood obesity is increasing dramatically and represents an important public health issue due to associated metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities. Very limited data are available regarding cardiometabolic risk factors among this group in Bangladesh. Objective: To observe the cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 88 overweight and obese children recruited consecutively by using CDC percentile chart for body mass index (BMI) in children between January 2017 and March 2018 in the Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. After completing a questionnaire and relevant clinical examination, blood was collected for fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, HbA1c, lipid profile and C-reactive protein (CRP). Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to determine insulin resistance. Results: Central obesity (100%), dyslipidaemia (88.6%), raised CRP (81.8%) and metabolic syndrome (69.3%) were the most common cardiometabolic risk factors. Children with grade 3 obesity had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (115.57 ± 11.60 vs 105.71 ± 8.84 mmHg, p = 0.043) and insulin resistance (7.15 ± 4.97 vs 3.53 ± 2.04, p = 0.017) than grade 1 obesity. Blood pressure, insulin resistance and CRP increased while high density lipoprotein (HDL) decreased with increasing severity of obesity. BMI z score was a significant predictor of systolic blood pressure; waist circumference was an independent predictor of diastolic blood pressure and HDL; waist height ratio best predicted insulin resistance, CRP and total cholesterol in overweight/obese children. Conclusions: We have observed a high frequency of cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese children and they increased worsened with increasing grade of obesity.
The Ideator and the Idea: Exploring Wearable Technology Concepts and Their Sources

Abstract The commercial market for wearable technologies grew quickly in a short time frame, with a concurrent concentration of applications within a narrow scope. However, consumer dissatisfaction with these applications is on the rise, and product developers are left with the question of where to focus R&D efforts for next-generation technologies. In this study, we explore this topic by assessing product concepts produced by “experts” in the commercial market along with product concepts generated by undergraduate students. We assess the salience and desirability of these applications using crowdsourced raters on Mechanical Turk and compare both the overall ratings received by individual products and the ideas produced by contributing groups for quality-related variables of novelty, usefulness, and desirability. From these, we extract both the top-rated and the most controversial concepts and assess the application types they represent. Market products received higher overall quality ratings as a group than did the student generated ideas. However, the most highly rated products were attributed comparatively to both. Further, the highest scoring and the most controversial products reveal application themes worth exploring for future development of wearable technology products. Finally, we reflect on methods of sourcing and evaluating new product concepts in this domain.
Study of Re-Operational Risk Factors in Lumbar Herniated Disk Patients Referring to Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz From 2011 to 2015

Background: Lumbar disc hernia recurrence is the most common complication after a primary open-ended discectomy that has a poor prognosis. Objectives: Toassesstheriskfactorsforre-operationalneedinpatientswithlumbardiscsreferredtoGolestanHospital,Ahvazfrom 2011 to 2015. Methods: Inthisretrospectiveandepidemiologicalstudy,35patientswithrecurrence(group1)and70patientswithoutrecurrence after surgery (group 2) were evaluated to investigate the potential risk factors for recurrence of lumbar disc herniation. They were randomlyselectedfromthepatientswhounderwentlumbardisc(discectomy)fromGolestanHospitalbetween,Ahvaz2011to2015. Clinically, the herniated disk recurrence is a ruptured disc that causes foot pain and has symptoms in radiography (MRI) and is deﬁnedbythediskmaterialatthesamesideandthelevelof thesurgicalindexthatcausesimpingement,compression,ordeviation of the nerve tissue (which is reported by the presence of a radiologist). Results: The results of this study showed that height, gender (male), weight gain, education lower than diploma, heavyweight and jobscouldpredictlumbardischerniatedrecurrence. However,therewasnosigniﬁcantdiﬀerenceintermsof age,bodymassindex, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol consumption, marital status, ethnicity, and family history of both groups. Conclusions: The variables of height, gender (male), weight gain, lower-diploma education, and heavyweight jobs can predict the recurrence of lumbar herniated disc.
INFLUENCE OF POLYGLYCEROL ESTER ADDITIVE ON PALM OIL FRACTIONATION IN RELATION TO THE CRYSTAL SIZE DISTRIBUTION

temperature of 24°C. Sampling was conducted at 20 min intervals to determine the solid fat content was used. In spite of this, the SFC of the slurries remained unchanged during the isothermal crystallisation. triacylglycerol composition of the oleins were comparable with the control. An increase of saturation and a of the more homogeneous and smaller crystals of the palm oil slurries.
Risk disclosure, income smoothing and firm risk

PurposeEvidence on whether firms with higher risk choose a more transparent or more opaque risk reporting strategy in their annual reports is mixed. A potential explanation is that firms choose an alternative reporting strategy to risk disclosure, namely income smoothing. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the association between both strategies in relation to firm risk levels.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a balanced sample of 74 non-financial UK firms from the FTSE100 index over the period 2005–2015, examining the association between firm risk measures and both risk disclosure and income smoothing using a seemingly unrelated regression methodology.FindingsThe authors find that firm financial risk measures are positively associated with both risk disclosure and income smoothing, implying a complementary association. Furthermore, non-risk-related factors are associated with both lower levels of risk disclosure and higher income smoothing, implying a substitutive effect.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors do not consider other factors such as managerial optimism, managerial financial incentives and analysts' earnings forecasts which might influence the association between risk disclosure and income smoothing, and hence, this may be a limitation of the current study.Practical implicationsThese results are important to regulators, investors and boards of directors who are interested in understanding the alternative reporting strategies that managers select when faced with high risk. The findings signal a need for closer regulatory scrutiny on not only the level of risk disclosure but also the financial reporting choices.Originality/valueThe authors extend the literature on the reporting versus recognition decisions made by managers.
Comparison of Tensile and Fatigue Properties of Copper Thin Film Depending on Process Method

In this study, tensile and fatigue tests were performed and analyzed to evaluate an influence of fabrication method on mechanical characteristics of copper thin film which widely used in flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). In general, manufacturing methods are known to affect the mechanical properties of materials, especially for thin films. The copper thin film is manufactured by a rolling process or an electrodeposition process. Therefore, specimen for tensile and fatigue tests were fabricated using by etching process with the rolled and electrodeposited thin films. First, the tensile tests were performed to obtain the elastic modulus, 0.2% offset yield stress, and tensile strength of the rolled copper and the electrodeposited copper thin film. Second, the copper thin films in FPCB is most often subjected to mechanical or/and thermal cyclic loading. The fatigue tests were performed to compare the fatigue characteristics and to evaluate an influence of fabrication method. Tensile test results showed that the elastic modulus was similar for each process, but the 0.2% yield strength and ultimate tensile strength were greater in the rolling process. In addition, the fatigue test results show that the copper thin films by the rolling process are better than by the electrodeposition process in fatigue life in all region.
The Effect of Work Engagement and Self-Efficacy on Job Burnout of Credit Analyst

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of work engagement and self-efficacy on credit analyst’s job burnout. Job burnout is one aspect that influence negligence in analyze a credit application. Job burnout is a condition with emotional fatigue, physical fatigue, and lack of energy which can cause a person's low performance. BRI is the largest profit bank in Indonesian banking industry and always grows up to 2017. High number of debtors and credit applications can also increase the workload and job burnout for the analyst. Job burnout can be minimized by a high work engagement between workers and their job. Work engagement is a condition when worker easier to manage work relationship and manage stress on work pressure. Selfefficacy also will prevent job burnout. Person with high self-efficacy has a good competence to face challenges in their workplace. This study used primary data source collected by questionnaire technique. Respondents in this study were credit analysts at Bank Rakyat Indonesia Renon Branch Office. Hypothesis was tested by using multiple linear regression analysis. The result showed that work engagement and self-efficacy had a negative and significant effect on job burnout of credit analyst.
Lymphoma: A Review on Causes and Treatments

Lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell, flow in Blood and originate in lymphoid organ. They play a definite role in guarding our body over both humoral and cell mediated immunity. During neoplastic change these lymphoid cell not only loose the properly to protect us but also proliferate indiscriminately and forms solid neoplasm known as Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) or Lymphoma. These lymphoma cells when enter bone marrow and appear in blood stemmed in lymphatic leukemia. Frequent environmental and industrial chemicals are capable of causing cytogenetic damage in experimental animals. Similar effects are also observed in Human bod [3-5]. Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of lympho-proliferative disorders of B, T or NK.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN REALISTIC MATHEMATIC EDUCATION BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HOTS MATEMATIK SISWA

Kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi dibutuhkan untuk menghadapi tantangan revolusi industri 4.0 sedangkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa SMP masih kategori rendah. Mengatasi hal tersebut, peneliti menerapkan pembelajaran realistic mathematic education berbasis etnomatematika yang mengkaji matematika dengan cara mengaitkan permasalahan matematika ke dalam budaya yang ada di sekitar peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian yaitu nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Asy-Syahida Dukupuntang Kabupaten Cirebon tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan sampel 31 siswa VII B sebagai kelas eksperimen dan 31 siswa VII A sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen tes dengan 4 butir soal dan teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t dan Mann Withney U dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis bahwa peningkatan HOTS matematik siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran RME berbasis etnomatematika lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional.
A neural circuit for flexible control of persistent behavioral states

To adapt to their environments, animals must generate behaviors that are closely aligned to a rapidly changing sensory world. However, behavioral states such as foraging or courtship typically persist over long time scales to ensure proper execution. It remains unclear how neural circuits generate persistent behavioral states while maintaining the flexibility to select among alternative states when the sensory context changes. Here, we elucidate the functional architecture of a neural circuit controlling the choice between roaming and dwelling states, which underlie exploration and exploitation during foraging in C. elegans. By imaging ensemble-level neural activity in freely-moving animals, we identify stable, circuit-wide activity patterns corresponding to each behavioral state. Combining circuit-wide imaging with genetic analysis, we find that mutual inhibition between two antagonistic neuromodulatory systems underlies the persistence and mutual exclusivity of the opposing network states. Through machine learning analysis and circuit perturbations, we identify a sensory processing neuron that can transmit information about food odors to both the roaming and dwelling circuits and bias the animal towards different states in different sensory contexts, giving rise to context-appropriate state transitions. Our findings reveal a potentially general circuit architecture that enables flexible, sensory-driven control of persistent behavioral states.
The Liquidity of Indian Firms: Empirical Evidence of 2154 Firms

This paper aims to empirically study the determinants of liquidity of Indian listed firms. To account for profit persistence, we apply a (pooled, fixed and random) effect models to a panel of Indian listed firms that covers the time period from 2010 to 2016. This study consists of 2154 firms operating in Indian market. Liquidity (LQD) of Indian firms is measured by liquid assets to total assets, whereas bank size, capital adequacy, profitability, leverage, and firm age are used as internal determinants. Further, economic activity, inflation rate, exchange rate, and interest rate are the external factors considered. The findings reveal that leverage, return on assets, and firm age are the essential internal determinants that impact the liquidity of Indian listed firms. Furthermore, among the internal determinants, the results indicate that firm size, leverage ratio, return on assets ratio, and firm age are found to have a significant positive association with firms’ LQD, except leverage ratio and firm age has a negative relationship with firms’ LQD. From this result, this article has provides helpful ideas and empirical evidence on the inner and external determinants of the companies mentioned in India is very useful to bankers, analysts, regulators, investors and other stakeholders.
Effect of monocalcium phosphate supplementation on the growth performance, carcass characteristic, gut histomorphology, meat and bone quality of broiler chickens

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentration of monocalcium phosphate supplementation on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, gut morphology, meat quality, and bone quality of broiler chickens. A total of 108 day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups with 6 replicates and each replicate consist of 6 birds. Treatment 1 (control) was fed available commercial starter and finisher diets containing dicalcium phosphate. Treatment 2 and Treatment 3 were fed the same commercial diet but with added 0.5% and 1.0% of monocalcium phosphate respectively. Weekly body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were calculated to determine their growth performance. A total of 12 chickens per each treatment group were selected randomly and slaughtered for gut histomorphology, carcass characteristics, meat, and bone quality assessment at the end of the 42 days study period. In the present study, birds supplemented with 0.5% MCP showed significant increase (p > 0.05) in growth performance (body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake), gut histomorphology (villi height), and bone quality (bone weight, diaphysis diameter, medullary canal diameter, lateral wall thickness, medial wall thickness, and bone breaking strength). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the carcass characteristics and meat quality between treatment groups. In summary, monocalcium phosphate supplementation could be the key to reduce culling of lame broiler birds based on the positive effect on the growth performance, gut histomorphology and bone quality of broiler chickens without affecting the carcass characteristics and meat quality.
Adapt to the wild: the effect of dynamic capabilities on international entry mode

Abstract The literature about the relationship between an emerging market enterprise (EME)’s dynamic capabilities and its international entry modes, such as cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and Greenfield investment, is limited. This study offers a model based on the dynamic capability perspective complemented by the industry-based view and institutional theory. The proposed hypotheses are tested using binary logistic models with survey data from 303 Chinese outward foreign direct investment firms. The findings confirm that an EME’s adaptive dynamic capabilities that are contingent upon industry and institutional actors influence its international entry mode strategic choices. Results show that adaptive dynamic capability can positively affect the likelihood of an EME opting for a Greenfield foreign direct investment (FDI) rather than cross-border M&A. The host country’s institutional quality and home country industry conditions-–industry research and development (R&D) input–-also can positively influence an EME to opt for Greenfield investment. Suggestions for future research and managerial implications are also discussed.
Isolated calmness of solution mappings and exact recovery conditions for nuclear norm optimization problems

ABSTRACT We derive some conditions for a feasible point to be the isolated optimal solution for three classes of nuclear norm optimization problems by using the isolated calmness of two set-valued mappings: one is the level set mapping constructed by these problems themselves, and the other is the multiplier set mapping of their dual problems. Among others, the conditions from the dual angle are shown to be weaker than those from the primal angle, while the conditions from the primal angle are almost necessary and require the same number of measurements as the sufficient and necessary one does when the estimation mechanism in [Chandrasekaran et al. The convex geometry of linear inverse problems. Found Comput Math. 2012;12:805–849; Amelunxen et al. Living on the edge: phase transitions in convex programs with random data. Inf Inference. 2014;3:224–294] is used. In particular, we show that the deterministic exact recovery conditions in [Candès and Recht. Exact matrix completion via convex optimization. Found Comput Math. 2009;9:717–772; Chandrasekaran et al. Rank-sparsity inchoherence for matrix decomposition. SIAM J Optim. 2011;21:572–596] are stronger than the constraint nondegeneracy of the dual problems, whereas our conditions from the dual view are equivalent to the strict Robinson constraint qualification for them.
Policy evaluation, high-dimension and machine learning

This dissertation is comprised of three essays that apply machine learning and high-dimensional statistics to causal inference. The first essay proposes a parametric alternative to the synthetic control method (Abadie and Gardeazabal, 2003; Abadie et al., 2010) that relies on a Lasso-type first-step. We show that the resulting estimator is doubly robust, asymptotically Gaussian and ``immunized'' against first-step selection mistakes. The second essay studies a penalized version of the synthetic control method especially useful in the presence of micro-economic data. The penalization parameter trades off pairwise matching discrepancies with respect to the characteristics of each unit in the synthetic control against matching discrepancies with respect to the characteristics of the synthetic control unit as a whole. We study the properties of the resulting estimator, propose data-driven choices of the penalization parameter and discuss randomization-based inference procedures. The last essay applies the Generic Machine Learning framework (Chernozhukov et al., 2018) to study heterogeneity of the treatment in a randomized experiment designed to compare public and private provision of job counselling. From a methodological perspective, we discuss the extension of the Generic Machine Learning framework to experiments with imperfect compliance.