Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF HERBAL HAND SANITIZER

Nosocomial infection (NI), also known as hospital-acquired infections, has had increased attention due to the significant morbidity and mortality caused by NI worldwide. Transmission of NI is believed to occur predominantly via the mode of pathogen exchange to and from contaminated hands. Thus, maintaining clean and microbe free hands gains a lot of scientific and clinical scope. Accordingly, hand hygiene techniques (using hand sanitizers particularly) to eliminate disease-causing microbial bugs have been considered one of the primary-most infection blocking methods. Several scientific studies have validated the clinical efficacy of hand sanitizers against the most commonly involved microbial strains in the pathogenesis of NI. The goal of this study was to evaluate the bactericidal activity of the study material Clean Hand Gel, a specialized herbal hand sanitizer with bio-actives enriched with the goodness of Camphor, Cumin seeds, Vetiver, Citrus and Neem. The study material was evaluated for its bactericidal activity against the specified microorganisms (Bacteria - Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus hirae species) by time kill assay. Data indicated that the tested product at 20% concentration when tested for 120 seconds of contact time against specified bacterial species resulted in considerable logarithmic reductions of 0.03, 0.125, 0.097 and 0.091 in the bacterial viable counts of Staphylcoccus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli and Enterococcus hirae, respectively. It can be concluded that InnoVision’s Clean Hand Gel with its tested in vitro effects against clinically important NI causing bacterial organisms S. aureus , P. aeruginosa , E. coli and E. hirae, can be used as an effective herbal hand sanitizer in controlling the transmission of disease causing microorganisms (specified bacteria) from hand to hand and can have potential implications in controlling measures against the spread of associated diseases.
Plant growth and genetic polymorphism in glyphosate-resistant sourgrass (Digitaria insularis L. Fedde)

Weed herbicide resistance has been a challenge in agriculture. The objective of this study was to detect sourgrass (Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde) glyphosate-resistant plants and to evaluate the growth and polymorphism rate between the resistant and susceptible biotypes, as a subsidy for the integrated management of species. An experiment was conducted primarily for the detection of weed resistance using increasing doses of glyphosate to generate a dose-response curve. Then, an experiment consisting of eight treatments (destructives analysis of growth) and five replications was conducted to characterize and compare the phenological stages of each biotype. In addition to visual assessments, the dry weight and leaf area, absolute and relative growth rates, net assimilation rate and leaf area ratio of plants were determined. Finally, polymorphism among biotypes was determined using inter simple sequence repeat molecular markers. A resistant factor of 3.12 was found among the biotypes. The resistant biotype grew faster and was more robust than the susceptible biotype, arriving first to flowering. The resistant biotype was better adapted to light interception. The 25 inter simple sequence repeat molecular markers analysis showed a polymorphism rate of 56.6% among the analyzed biotypes.
Impact of Health Education Interventions in People with DiabetesMellitus in Africa: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

Health education is important to promote good lifestyle behaviours and prevent/delay onset of type II diabetes mellitus. There is substantial evidence from developed countries supporting the importance of diabetes selfmanagement education in promoting adherence to therapy and glycaemic control. The purpose of this systematic review (SR) was to identify the impact of educational interventions on glycaemic control and other related outcomes in African populations. Pubmed, CINAHL, EMBASE and Google Scholar data bases were searched. Search terms for diabetes were; diabetes, hyperglycaemia and diabetes mellitus. Search terms for educational interventions were; health education, health education model, health education programme, health education framework, health education intervention and patient education. Included were RCTs that had tested the effectiveness or impact of health education interventions on people with diabetes mellitus in Africa, had recruited concurrent controls, aimed to promote good glycaemic control in diabetic patients and focused on at least one area of lifestyle management. Studies were eliminated if they were not RCTs, were conducted on health professionals, had no accessible full text article, had recruited mixed populations (diabetic and non-diabetic) and if they did not have English titles and abstracts. The cut-off period for publications ensured inclusion of current evidence in the systematic review. Nine studies were included in the SR. Substantial heterogeneity existed among studies thus no head to head comparisons could be done, hence, there is no reliable evidence favouring superiority of one intervention over another
PHOTOPERIODIC TERMINATION OF DIAPAUSE IN AN INSECT

1. The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, has a faculative diapause in the last larval instar. Diapause induced in the laboratory by a short-day photoperiod is identical in its intensity to that occurring in the field.2. Diapause development occurs at 30° C. under various photoperiodic conditions but is greatly accelerated by a long day.3. Completion of diapause development does not require a period of chilling.4. Diapause development is a process that removes a block to secretion of the activation hormone but does not include secretion or any of the morphogenic events that follow.
Performance Analysis and Optimization of Tc-DTR IR-UWB Receivers over Multipath Fading Channels with Tone Interference

In this paper, we analyze the performance of a particular class of Transmitted–Reference (TR) receivers for Impulse Radio (IR–) Ultra Wide Band (UWB) communication systems, which is called Chip–Time Differential Transmitted– Reference (Tc–DTR). The analysis aims at investigating the robustness of this receiver to single– and multi–tone Narrow–Band Interference (NBI), and at comparing its performance with other non–coherent receivers proposed in the literature. It is shown that the Tc–DTR scheme provides more degrees of freedom for performance optimization, and it is inherently more robust to NBI than other non–coherent receivers. More specifically, it is analytically proved that the performance improvement is due to the chip–time level differential encoding/decoding of the Direct Sequence (DS) code, and to an adequate design of DS code and average pulse repetition time. The analysis encompasses performance metrics that are useful for both data detection (i.e., Average Bit Error Probability, ABEP) and timing acquisition (i.e., False Alarm Probability, Pfa, and Detection Probability, Pd). Moving from the proposed semi–analytical framework, the optimal code design and system parameters are derived, and it is highlighted that the same optimization criterion can be applied to all performance metrics considered in this paper. Also, analytical frameworks and theoretical findings are substantiated via Monte Carlo simulations.
Effect of high temperature studies on morphological traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for temperature tolerance

High temperature (HT) stress affects grain yield of rice. High temperature stress is the one of the most important environmental factors that influencing growth, development, and yield of rice crop. A field experiment consisted of 50 IRRI and Indian rice genotypes with five check (Local, national and international) varieties were evaluated during normal sown (December-2014) and late sown conditions (January 2015) on various morphological parameters at different stages of growth for high temperature tolerance. Results indicated that HT stress decreased the mean grain yield of late sown condition as compare to normal sown condition by 11.92 percent which was expected that plant experienced the high temperature stress mainly during flowering and grain filling stages. The results of mean sum of squares due to the genotypes and their interaction were significant for different morphological parameters and yield attributes viz., late sown condition significantly decreased in rice genotypes particularly, in case of high temperature sensitive genotypes. The growth parameters leaf area index, numbers of productive tillers, flag leaf length, dry matter production per plant and grain yield per plant was higher in the following genotypes EC792239, EC792185, EC792179, EC792240 and EC792316 are identified as heat stress tolerant genotypes. They could be used as potential donors for development of heat stress tolerant variety.
Revision of the early crocodylomorph Trialestes romeri (Archosauria, Suchia) from the lower Upper Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of Argentina: one of the oldest‐known crocodylomorphs

Trialestes romeri (Reig) is an early crocodylomorph from the Ischigualasto Formation (late Carnian – early Norian; Ischigualasto – Villa Unión Basin, Argentina) and one of the oldest‐known members of this clade. Two specimens of this species are known, the holotype (PVL 2561) and a referred specimen (PVL 3889), both consisting of associated cranial and postcranial remains. These specimens are incomplete and poorly preserved thus leading previous authors to propose different phylogenetic hypotheses for the species. Trialestes romeri was originally interpreted as a basal dinosaur, subsequently considered to be a crocodylomorph with some dinosaurian characters (e.g. mesotarsal ankle joint, functionally tridactyl pes), and even proposed as a chimera representing two different genera. Some recent workers have mentioned and discussed Trialestes, but none have described it in detail or included it in a quantitative phylogenetic analysis. Here, we describe in detail all the material assignable to the species and test its phylogenetic relationships using a comprehensive data matrix focused on early archosaurs. We support the referral of PVL 3889 to Trialestes and reject the presence of a mesotarsal ankle joint in this specimen. We recovered Trialestes within Crocodylomorpha, closer to Crocodyliformes than Pseudhesperosuchus, Hesperosuchus, Dromicosuchus and Sphenosuchus. Several stratigraphical units worldwide approximately coeval with the Ischigualasto Formation, have also yielded early crocodylomorph remains, such as the upper Santa María (Brazil), Pekin (USA), and lower Maleri (India) formations. However, the crocodylomorph specimens recovered from those units are more incomplete, possess uncertain phylogenetic affinities, or are part of chimaerae. Therefore, Trialestes represents the most completely known of the earliest non‐crocodyliform crocodylomorph taxa known to date.
Evaluation of shelf life of pomegranate cultivars for biochemical parameters under ambient storage conditions

The study for the “Evaluation of pomegranate viz., cultivars Kandhari, Ganesh, Basin Seedless, Jodhpur Red, Jalore Seedless, Bhagwa, Mridula for shelf life of fruits under ambient conditions” was carried out during 2015. Uniform fruits of each cultivars free from any injury, disease or bruising were harvested from the trees of uniform size and age from the orchard of the department, packed in CFB boxes and stored at room temperature with three replications in completely randomized design was carried out in the Post-harvest Technology Laboratory of Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2015. The data was collected on total soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars at three days interval. Maximum TSS and minimum titratable acidity was recorded in cv. Ganesh. whereas the ascorbic acid content was maximum in Bhagwa, Mridula and Jodhpur Red. Total and reducing sugars were recorded maximum in cv. Jodhpur Red whereas reducing sugars was maximum in cv. Kandhari. There was decrease in acidity and ascorbic acid but TSS, total sugars, reducing sugars and non reducing sugars increased with increase in period of storage.
Bat activity during autumn relates to atmospheric conditions: implications for coastal wind energy development

The cryptic behavior of migrating bats leaves us largely uninformed of their seasonal distribution and abundance, important movement corridors, and migration behaviors. However, models of avian migration in relation to meteorological variables may prove useful in describing seasonal patterns of coastal bat activity. We pursued 2 primary objectives regarding regional autumn bat activity along the Atlantic Coast of southern New England, United States, inferred from continuous acoustic monitoring: 1) to evaluate hypotheses regarding the association of regional atmospheric conditions and coastal bat activity and 2) to construct and evaluate models that predict regional bat activity on a given night using meteorological data accessed ahead of the activity. Acoustic bat activity was attributable primarily to 2 species of migratory tree bats, red bat and silver-haired bat, but also the shortdistance migrant tricolored bat and generally sedentary big brown bat. Myotis spp. and hoary bat detections were relatively uncommon among classified calls. Coastal bat activity varied with regional wind conditions indicative of cold front passage and expected to induce a more coastal flight path, but associations with other atmospheric conditions from models of songbird migration were typically weak. Bat acoustic activity also was associated strongly with various aspects of temperature. Predictive models of regional nightly bat activity were reasonably accurate in anticipating nights of the highest and lowest bat activity, particularly for low-frequency bats such as silver-haired and big brown bat. The ability to anticipate high bat activity may help reduce adverse interactions with forthcoming wind energy development in coastal and offshore areas along the western Atlantic Ocean.
Variations in chlorogenic acid levels in an expanded gene pool of blueberries

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) fruit is a rich source of chlorogenic acid (CA), among other polyphenolics, which have been associated with human health maintenance and chronic disease prevention. This study was designed to examine variation in CA over a wide range of blueberry genotypes (different species and genetic backgrounds) including commercial cultivars, breeding selections and breeding populations that contributed to current commercial cultivars. Fully ripe fruit was evaluated for CA concentration in two successive years, and concentrations ranged from 33–71 and 58–139 mg/100 g (frozen fruit) in southern highbush (4×) and rabbiteye (6×) blueberry commercial cultivars, respectively. In the breeding selections (4×), which comprised an expanded gene pool, the CA ranged from 33–107 mg/100 g. Further gene pool expansion associated with the establishment of the breeding populations (4×) resulted in a wide range of CA concentrations with significant increases (up to 156 mg/100 g) compared to current commercial cultivars (4×). Ploidy level had a strong correlation (r = 0.7) with CA accumulation in the blueberry genotypes investigated in this study, and a significant positive correlation between CA level and anthocyanin level in blueberry was also observed (r = 0.30, 0.51. and 0.49 for commercial cultivars, breeding selections, and breeding populations, respectively). The large variation in CA accumulation indicated that significant genetic variation for CA exists among blueberry species which can be successfully utilized in breeding programs to aid in developing phytochemically-enhanced blueberry varieties.
Vorkommen des Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV-NY) in Schleswig-Holstein und dessen Bedeutung für den Weizenanbau

Erhebungen zum Vorkommen bodenburtiger Viren in Schleswig-Holstein zeigten, dass in diesem Bundesland das Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV) in Weizen-und Roggenanbaugebieten verbreitet ist. Wahrend in Suddeutschlandder Nebraska (N)-Stamm dieses Virus vorkommt, tritt in Norddeutschland der New York (NY)-Stamm auf. In den Infektionsherden der Getreidefelder werden verschiedene Winterweizensorten stark geschadigt. Um Anbauempfehlungen fur die Kultivierung virusresistenten Weizens in Befallsregionen geben zu konnen, wurden ausgewahlte Sorten unter Gewachshausbedingungen in infektioser Erde eines betroffenen Standortes auf Resistenz getestet. Weiterhin erfolgte die Identifizierung des diagnostischen Markers Xgwm469-5D (153 bp-oder 155 bp-Allel) fur das Sbm1 -Resistenzgen gegen Furo­virenim gepruften Weizenmaterial. Im Ergebnis dieser Untersuchungen konnen fur den Weizenanbau in mit SBWMV-NY verseuchten Flachen die Sorten Farandole , Hyland , Hybery , Mirage und Carenius empfohlen werden.
Renormalization group analysis of B → π form factors with B -meson light-cone sum rules

Within the framework of the $B$-meson light-cone sum rules, we review the calculation of radiative corrections to the three $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\pi}$ transition form factors at leading power in $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}/{m}_{b}$. To resum large logarithmic terms, we perform the complete renormalization group evolution of the correlation function. We employ the integral transformation which diagonalizes evolution equations of the jet function and the $B$-meson light-cone distribution amplitude to solve these evolution equations and obtain renormalization group improved sum rules for the $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\pi}$ form factors. Results of the form factors are extrapolated to the whole physical ${q}^{2}$ region and are compared with that of other approaches. The effect of $B$-meson three-particle light-cone distribution amplitudes, which will contribute to the form factors at next-to-leading power in $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}/{m}_{b}$ at tree level, is not considered in this paper.
Feeding Lactating Dairy Cows Concentrates and Sugarcane Bagasse As Compared with a Conventional Ration

Seven Brown Swiss and nine Holstein cows, which attained a milk-production level of at least 35 pounds daily by the third week of lactation, were divided into two groups as nearly alike as possible. During the preliminary period, days 3 to 21 of lactation, all cows received the same standard concentrates mixture: 1 pound per 2 pounds of milk produced, plus green chopped grass or silage ad libitum, and nightime grazing mostly on unimproved pastures. During the comparison period, days 22 to 49 of lactation, the control cows continued under the same conventional ration, except that concentrate allowances were adjusted by the Maryland Feeding Standards, while the experimental cows were fed a mixture containing 15 percent of sugarcane bagasse and 85 percent of concentrates ad libitum, along with decreasing amounts of harvested forage with no pasture. During the comparison period, days 50 to 259 of lactation, the control cows were treated as in the preceding period, while, the experimental cows received only the concentrate-bagasse mixture, plus standard-concentrates mixture (during milking) and loose unground bagasse.
Genetic diversity in some faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes assessed by simple sequence repeats

ABSTRACT The success of the breeding programmes depends on the dimension of genetic variability. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) have been extensively used in the studies including genetic characterization of many plant species. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic variation in 22 faba bean genotypes, 18 of which were originated from International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) and 4 of which were cultivated genotypes in Turkey, using SSR markers. Of 41 SSR markers used, 25 produced bands. As a result of SSR amplification, a total of 39 bands, 25 of which were polymorphic and 14 of which were monomorphic, were obtained. The mean gene diversity and polymorphism information content values were 0.27 and 0.24, respectively. The faba bean genotypes cultivated in Turkey had greater genetic diversity than those that originated from ICARDA. The faba bean genotypes FLIP10- and FLIP03- were successfully separated, using the un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic average dendrogram constructed via Jaccard similarity coefficients. These results were further supported by factor analysis substantially. The results indicated that there is sufficient genetic diversity among the tested faba bean genotypes (especially cultivated in Turkey) and could be used in faba bean breeding programmes.
Influence of long term storage on plant growth substance levels, germination and seedling growth in legume seeds stored for 37 years

The present work describes the changes that take place in plant growth substance (PGS) levels, germination and seedling growth during germination of seeds of Medicago sativa cv. Clover, Trifolium repens cv. Milka and Trifolium pratense cv. Bora which had been stored for 37 years. The endogenous abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) and zeatin (Z) in the seeds were extracted and finally purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Per cent germination, seedling height and the PGS levels in the germinating seeds were determined for 5 days at 23 °C. On day 5, the per cent germination values of aged seeds of M. sativa, T. repens and T. pratense were 37%, 30% and 17%, respectively. The height of seedlings derived from the stored seeds was also significantly low, compared to that of controls. ABA level was high, throughout germination, in the aged seeds studied, but the levels of IAA, GA 3 and Z were low. Based on these results, it can be proposed that the reduced capability of germination and seedling vigour and growth in the aged seeds may be due to high ABA level which remained so throughout germination. This was also associated with decreased levels of GA 3 , IAA and Z.
MOLECULAR DATA AND PHYLOGENY OF FAMILY SMILACACEAE

Family Smilacaceae’s higher order taxonomy remained disputed for many years. It was treated as an order “Smilacales” and was also placed under Liliales by several taxonomists. Even some considered as part of family Liliacaeae. In present paper, we investigated the family’s higher order phylogeny and also compared its rbcL gene sequence data with related taxa to elucidate its phylogeny. The data suggests that its family stature is beyond dispute because of its advanced karyotype, woody climbing habit and DNA sequence data. The data suggest that Smilacaceae may be a sister group of order Liliales and it forms a clear clade with the order.