Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and clinical features of common community human coronavirus disease

Background We would evaluate the epidemiology, clinical aspects, and prognostic factors of patients of all ages admitted with human corona virus (HCoV). Methods This study was retrospectively performed at five university teaching hospitals between 1st January 2018 and 31th March 2020. Routine molecular testing using for multiplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods was conducted on the respiratory viruses. We assessed the demographics, laboratory findings, and treatment of patients infected with coronavirus. Results There were 807 coronavirus-infected patients from 24,311 patients with respiratory virus PCR test admitted to five hospitals over 27 months. All-cause mortality rates of patients admitted for seasonal HCoV disease were 3.1% in all patients and 10.8% in patients aged ≥18 years. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed in patients aged ≥18 years. After adjusting for other clinical variables, general weakness symptoms [hazard ratio (HR), 2.651; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.147–6.125, P=0.023], National Early Warning Score (NEWS) ≥2 (HR, 5.485; 95% CI, 1.261–23.858, P=0.023), and coronavirus subtype OC43 (HR, 2.500; 95% CI, 1.060–5.897, P=0.036) were significantly associated with death from coronavirus. Conclusions Coronavirus infection can reveal a higher mortality rate in patients of ≥18 than those of <18 years, thus, adult patients require more careful treatment. Furthermore, in adult patients, the factors associated with death from coronavirus include general weakness symptoms, NEWS higher than 2, and OC43 subtype.
Minimal clinically important differences in health-related quality of life after ischemic stroke

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) is an essential index of outcome after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) represent the smallest change detected by a specific HR-QoL measuring tool beyond the standard measurement error. Aim: We aimed to establish the MCID in the HR-QoL after AIS during the first three months post-stroke. Materials and Methods: A total of 143 participants were assessed using the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 (SIS 3.0) to measure HR-QoL at discharge, the first and the third month after AIS. Aggregated scores between 0-100 for all domains were used. MCID was defined as positive changes (PCs)(+15 points), negative changes (NCs)(–15 points), and no significant difference (NSDs)(–14 to +14). General linear modeling was used to determine time changes, and the differences were considered significant at a p-value < 0.05. Results: The most affected SIS 3.0 domains on the third month were Mobility - 56.74, Hand function - 58.92, and Strength - 59.62. The majority of the patients had NSDs. The proportion of those with NCs was significantly lower than those of PCs. The domains with most PCs were Stroke recovery - 34.97%, Strength - 33.57%, and Mobility - 31.47%, while Memory and thinking had the least - 13.29%. The most NCs were found in the domains Participation - 4.90%, Emotion - 4.20%, and Hand function -3.50%. The emotion domain manifested with the greatest variety ranging from 25.87% PCs and 4.20% NCs. Conclusion: The most affected HR-QoL aspects were from the physical dimension, with an additionally high level of engagement of the emotional sphere. Stroke survivors require a holistic approach during the recovery period, including physical and speech rehabilitation and timely social and mental support.
Prediction of soil evaporation measured with weighable lysimeters using the FAO Penman–Monteith method in combination with Richards’ equation

Multiannual data (2016–2018) from 12 weighed lysimeters (four soil types with textures ranging from sandy loam to silt loam, three replicates) of the TERENO SOILCan network were used to evaluate if evaporation (E) rates could be predicted from weather data using the FAO Penman–Monteith (PM) method combined with soil water flow simulations using the Richards equation. Soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) were estimated either from soil texture using the ROSETTA pedotransfer functions, from in situ measured water retention curves, or from soil surface water contents using inverse modeling. In all years, E was water limited and the measured evaporation rates (Em) surprisingly did not vary significantly among the four different soil types. When SHPs derived from pedotransfer functions were used, simulated evaporation rates of the finer textured soils overestimated the measured ones considerably. Better agreement was obtained when simulations were based on in situ measured or inversely estimated SHPs. The SHPs estimated from pedotransfer functions represented unrealistically large characteristic lengths of evaporation (Lc), and Lc was found to be a useful characteristic to constrain estimates of SHPs. Also, when soil evaporation was water limited and Em rates were below Epot (PM evaporation scaled by an empirical coefficient), the diurnal dynamics of Em followed those of Epot. The Richards equation that considers only isothermal liquid water flow did not reproduce these dynamics caused by temperature dependent vapor transport in the soil.
Generation of spin waves via spin-phonon interaction in a buried dielectric thin film

In this paper, we investigate the magnetic, optical, and lattice responses of a Pt/Cu/Bi 1 Y 2 Fe 5 O 12 /Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 heterostructure to femtosecond laser excitation of the opaque Pt/Cu metallic bilayer. The electronic excitation generates coherent and incoherent phonons, which trigger high-frequency standing spin waves (SWs) in the dielectric Bi 1 Y 2 Fe 5 O 12 layer via a phonon-induced change of magnetic anisotropy. We find that the incoherent phonons (heat) can induce a fast ( 1000 ps) decrease of the magnetic order by different spin-phonon interaction scenarios. These results open perspectives for generating high-frequency SWs in buried magnetic garnets.
Dereplication of Natural Extracts Diluted in Propylene Glycol, 1,3-Propanediol and Glycerin. Comparison of Leontopodium alpinum Cass. (Edelweiss) Extracts as a Case Study

Many natural extracts used as cosmetic ingredients are available as solutions prepared in high-boiling-point solvents, called carrier solvents, such as propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol), propanediol (1,3-propanediol) and glycerin. The upstream chemical profiling of these extracts represents a major asset for the cosmetic industry, because it accelerates product development. A new workflow for the rapid characterization of the main metabolites present in natural extracts diluted in propylene glycol and 1,3-propanediol is presented here as an extension of previous works on glycerin-containing extracts. This method is an optimized version of a well-established dereplication procedure and consists of a fractionation by centrifugal partition chromatography followed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and dedicated data processing. The concentration by evaporation under reduced pressure was considered as a pertinent preliminary step, particularly adapted to the analysis of highly diluted extracts. A dried hydro-ethanolic extract of Leontopodium alpinum Cass. was prepared at laboratory scale and used for method validation. Three solutions at 5% wt. of dry extract were prepared with propylene glycol/water (1:1), 1,3-propanediol/water (1:1) and glycerin/water (1:1) as carrier solvents. The dereplication workflow was applied to the three resulting L. alpinum extracts. Each study led to the quick identification of 26 metabolites including five flavonoids (luteolin and its derivatives), five hydroxycinnamic acids (among which are leontopodic acids), sugars and organic acids.
Anticoccidial potentials of methanol leaf extract of Lannea Schimperi in experimentally induced Eimeria tenella infection in broiler chickens

Coccidiosis is caused in chickens by the genus Eimeria spp, and is considered as one of the dominant poultry diseases worldwide. For decades, anticoccidial products have been used for the successful control of this disease. However, long term use of these products has led to the development of resistance. The current study therefore sought to investigate the anticoccidial activity of the methanol leaf extract of Lannea schimperi on experimentally induced Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) infection in broiler chickens in an attempt to provide good alternative therapy due to increasing resistance to the conventional anticoccidial agents. Seven groups (A-G) of 4 birds were used for the experiment and five groups (A-E) were orally inoculated with 1.0 x 103 sporulated oocysts of E. tenella. Groups A, B and C were treated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight of L. schimperi methanolic leaf extract respectively and Group D was treated with1.5 mg/ml of amprolium, group E served as negative control. Groups F and G were the uninfected neutral control and were treated with 25 and 100 mg/ml of L. schimperi methanol leaf extract respectively without being infected with E. tenella oocysts. Findings revealed dose dependent anticoccidial effect, with highest concentration of 100 mg/ml giving more activity than 50 and 25 mg/ml of the plant extract. Significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the number of both schizonts and merozoites in the groups (A, B, C, F and G) treated with L. schimperi methanol leaf extract were observed. Large number of schizonts and merozoites were observed in the infected untreated group compared to the treated groups. Significant changes were also seen in the number of circulating eosinophils and lymphocytes. Insignificant changes (P > 0.05) in body weight gain were recorded; however, significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the intestinal mucus secretion was recorded in the amprolium treated group. These findings suggest that the methanolic leaf extract of L. schimperi possess anticoccidial activity that may warrant further investigation.
Molecular basis of pangolin ACE2 engaged by COVID-19 virus

The virus caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 virus), also called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the seventh coronavirus that can infect humans, and belongs to the genus β-coronavirus in the family Coronaviridae As of 5 November 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has caused >47000000 confirmed cases and >1200000 related deaths in 219 countries and regions, bringing great challenges to global public health Currently, there is no approved therapeutics or vaccines for the treatment of this disease Several studies suggested SARS-CoV-2 might have originated from bats based on phylogenetic analysis, but the intermediate host of the virus is still unknown Besides humans, cats, dogs, tigers, lions, minks, and other species have been reported to be infected by SARS-CoV-2 Several studies have reported pangolins as the only other mammalian species carrying coronaviruses related to SARS-CoV-2 besides bats, and suggested pangolins might be the intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2 Previously, we and other groups identified the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor of SARS-CoV, also functions as the entry receptor of SARS-CoV-2 and is recognized by the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein (S) Then, we elucidated the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 RBD and human ACE2 (hACE2) or cat ACE2 (cACE2), and also found that SARS-CoV-2 had broad potential host range, including domestic animals, companion pets and wild animals In this study, we investigated the binding features of SARS-CoV-2 and two pangolin coronaviruses (pangolin-CoVs, GX/P2V/2017 and GD/1/2019) that recognize the receptors of both pangolin ACE2 (pACE2) and hACE2 using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and structural methods We further determined the crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 S (RBD) in complex with pACE2 at a 2 3 A resolution, revealing the similarity in the binding mode between SARS-CoV-2 RBD to hACE2 and to cACE2 Interestingly, we found that the SARS-CoV-2 RBD-pACE2 complex is more similar to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD-hACE2 complex than to SARS-CoV-2 RBD-cACE2 complex Furthermore, we modeled the interactions of GX/P2V/2017 RBD and GD/1/2019 RBD bound to pACE2 and hACE2, respectively, and found that both viruses adopted similar binding mode as SARS-CoV-2 RBD to pACE2 and hACE2 However, crystal structure and homology modeling implied that the interaction between the three RBDs and pACE2 were slightly weaker than their respective binding to hACE2, which was consistent with the receptor-RBD protein interaction measured by SPR These results could facilitate better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 evolution, indicate the potential of pangolin-CoVs to enter human population that may lead to another outbreak, and highlight the importance of monitoring pangolin CoVs to prevent possible spillovers © 2021, Science Press All right reserved
Elevated circulating level of xenopsin related 1-are associated with PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome)

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common metabolic and endocrine disorder affecting 6 to 21% of reproductive aged women depending on population, mean body mass index and diagnostic criteria used. High prevalence is rates seen in women whom are overweight or have an Indigenous or Asian background. Xenin is a peptide hormone produced by a subpopulation of chromogranin A-positive endocrine cells in the mucous membrane of the duodenum. In humans, xenin circulates in the blood plasma. Aim of the study: To determine the role of xenopsin level in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Patients and methods: Observational case control study, conducted in Salah Aldin general hospital in Obstetrics and gynecological department, from (the first of Fab 2018 to the end of Dec. 2018). 40 patients with PCOS and 40 healthy women were included in the study. Results: the mean age of PCOS group was 29±2.30 years and 28±7.20 years for control group. Sensitivity of the test to diagnose the PCOS were (88.0%), the specificity (89.0%), positive predictive value (86.0%), negative predictive value (84.0%) and the accuracy of the test to diagnose the PCOS was (88.6%). Conclusion: Highly significant increase in Xenopsin level in PCOS group than that in control group.
Molecular Cytogenomic Characterization of Two Murine Liver Cancer Cell Lines: MH-22A and Hepa 1-6

Background: Murine liver tumor cell lines MH-22A and Hepa 1-6 are used regularly in studies working on better treatment options. Even though both cell lines have been established 40 to 50 year ago, the literature lacks details on their cytogenetic and cytogenomic constitution. Here the corresponding gap in the literature is closed, as both cell lines have been characterized in detail for their chromosome numbers and content. Methods: Here we performed the first molecular cytogenetic characterization for the two murine liver tumor cell lines MH-22A and Hepa 1-6 using fluorescence in situ hybridization and molecular karyotyping. Results: Both cell lines are (near-)triploid and show numerous chromosome rearrangements leading to expressed copy number alterations. The by molecular cytogenetics and molecular karyotyping obtained data of the cell lines MH-22A and Hepa 1-6 was in silico (= genome browser based-) translated to the human genome. This previously successfully applied approach enabled the characterization of MH-22A as a model for hepatoblastoma or early hepatocellular carcinoma and Hepa 1-6 for (advanced) hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions: The cell lines MH-22A and Hepa 1-6 can now be applied in research in a justified way.
Stabilization mechanisms in the evolution of thin liquid-films

In recent years, there has been great interest in using control theory to alter the stability regimes of fluid systems. A flow property is measured at a point and relayed back to a control that alters a condition that opposes the instability, thereby postponing its onset. Here, we discuss an alternative to postponing and even eliminating instabilities without the need for measuring properties or designing control strategies: a shear flow imposed upon a system produces an interfacial viscous-capillary wave which, in the nonlinear regime, is capable of postponing or even eliminating the incipient instability. The literature shows several examples, whereby Rayleigh break-up of capillary jets is eliminated, van der Waals dry-out of a film is removed and thermocapillary instability is avoided by the application of a suitable surface shear or an imposed fluid flow. The stabilization mechanism is closely linked to the behaviour of the lower-order terms governing the evolution of the liquid–gas interface profile, providing an estimate for the time scales and shear strength involved. Our intention here is to develop a unified theoretical framework for the study of a large number of thin liquid-film configurations and related systems.
HPLC Method Optimation of α-Mangostin Assay in Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Fruit Rind Extract Formulated in Oral Solution

Antioxidant from natural ingredients is important to reduce an incident of degenerative diseases and to prevent free radicals. One of them is mangosteen fruit rind which is rich in antioxidants, especially α-mangostin as a major component. The developed formulation of oral solution contains mangosteen fruit rind extract that needs an assay method for quality testing. The α-mangostin compound can be used as chemical marker. To determine a very low concentration of analyte in sample with very complex matrix, such as in oral solution, it needs a selective and sensitive method, that can be obtained in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In this study, α-mangostin assay was performed by RP-HPLC system using octadecylsilane (C18) stationary phase with various ratios of mobile phase and flow rate. The best result are given by system with methanol-water (90:10) as mobile phase, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and UV detector at 316 nm. In addition, the retention time of αmangostin was 9.622 minutes.
Improved Climatology of Tropical Cyclone Precipitation from Satellite Passive Microwave Measurements

Accurate precipitation climatology is presented for tropical depression (TD), tropical storm (TS), and tropical cyclone (TC) over oceans using the recently-released, consistent and high quality precipitation datasets from all passive microwave sensors covering 1998-2012 along with the Automated Rotational Center Hurricane Eye Retrieval (ARCHER)-based TC center positions. Impacts with respect to the direction of both TC movement and the 200-850 hPa wind shear on the spatial distributions of TC precipitation are analyzed. The TC eyewall contraction process during its intensification is noted by a decrease in the radius of maximum rainrate with an increase in TC intensity. For global TCs, the maximum rainrate with respect to the direction of TC movement is located in the down-motion quadrants for TD, TS, and Cat 1-3 TCs, and in a concentric pattern for Cat 4-5 TCs. A consistent maximum TC precipitation with respect to the direction of the 200-850 hPa wind shear is shown in the down shear left quadrant (DSLQ). With respect to direction of TC movement, spatial patterns of TC precipitation vary with basins and show different features for weak and strong storms. The maximum rainrate is always located in DSLQ for all TC categories and basins, except the Southern Hemisphere basin where it is in the down shear right quadrant (DSRQ). This study not only confirms previously published results on TC precipitation distributions relative to vertical wind shear direction, but also provides a detailed distribution for each TC category and TS, while TD storms display an enhanced rainfall rate ahead of the down shear quadrants.
Preventive measures against SARS-CoV-2 in the community: What does the evidence say?

1 Hospital Aurelio Díaz Ufano y Peral, EsSalud, Lima-Perú. a Surgeon. Cite as: Jhonattan J. Villena-Prado. Preventive measures against Sars-Cov-2 in the community: what does the evidence say? Rev. Fac. Med. Hum. January 2021; 21(1):237-239. DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v21i1. 3181 Mr. Editor The COVID-19 pandemic has had a strong impact globally and nationally. Until July, 27, Peru occupies the seventh place in the world with confirmed cases, with more than 400,600 diagnosed cases and 18,816 people who died(1). In addition, the mandatory quarantine which was imposed on the population since March, is now over (in a great amount of the regions of Peru). Therefore, it is necessary to make an emphasis on the importance and efficacy of communitary preventive measures, based on the evidence that they have demonstrated benefits when it comes to mitigating the appearance of new cases(2).
GUIDELINES FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT Carcinoma of the anal canal and anal margin

Epidemiology . 332 Etiopathogenesis . 332 Pathology . 332 Diagnosis — general principles . 332 Staging . 332 Treatment of anal canal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) . 333 Principles of radiation therapy . 333 Principles of simultaneous chemoradiotherapy . 334 Surgery . 335 Complications . 335 Prognosis . 335 Follow-up examinations . 335 Surgical salvage therapy . 335 Treatment of patients with distant metastases . 336 Treatment of anal canal adenocarcinoma . 336 Treatment of anal margin squamous cell carcinoma . 336 References . 336
Upshot of Open Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy And Arkaksharsutra (caustic therapy) In the Treatment of Fissure-In-Ano W.S.R To Fissure in ano: One Centre Experience

Background: The word Fissure in ano as a whole means “to cut circumferentially” or to cut all around. Fissure in ano resembles fissure-in-ano which is amongst the common painful condition occuring in the anorectal region. Ksharasutra (Caustic therapy) is a parasurgical procedure effective in the management of Fissure in ano. Aim: To compare the efficacy of Arka Ksharasutra (Caustic therapy) and open lateral internal sphincterotomy (OLIS) in the management of Fissure in ano . Methodology: Total 30 patients having signs and symptoms of fissure-in-ano were selected and randomly divided into two groups. In Group A (n=15), Arka Ksharasutra (Caustic therapy) ligation after anal stretching was carried out while in Group B (n=15), OLIS with excision of skin tag was carried out under local anesthesia or spinal anesthesia. Relief in postoperative symptoms and complications (if any) were recorded for 4 weeks and follow-up was done for 1 month. Results: In both the groups, significant results were obtained, but the difference among groups was statistically insignificant. Duration required for postoperative symptoms like pain, bleeding, swelling and wound healing to subside was found to be more in Group A (Ksharsutra (Caustic therapy) than Group B (OLIS). Conclusion: Open lateral internal sphincterotomy (OLIS) provided better results than Ksharasutra (Caustic therapy) ligation in the management of Fissure in ano.