Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of seed storage temperature and relative humidity on maize (Zea mays L.) seed viability and vigour

Seed storage in ambient conditions in humid tropical regions is a serious problem. Two maize seed sub-lots, untreated and treated with a fungicide (carbendazim + maneb) respectively, were stored at 20°C + 45-50% RH, 25°C + 65-70% RH and 30°C + 90-95% RH for 420 days. Moisture test, standard germination test (SG), cold test (CT) and accelerated ageing test (AA) were performed at zero days of storage and every 42 days. Seedling vigour index, measured as medium plant length (MPL), was also determined for all the tests. The 30°C + 90-95% RH storage condition were shown to be lethal to maize seed viability after 42 days of storage during which seed equilibrium moisture rose from 10.5% up to 17%. The 20°C + 45-50% RH storage condition proved to be safe for at least one year of storage, during which seed equilibrium moisture remained below 11.5% and viability and vigour were practically unaffected as shown by SG and CT. On the contrary, the 25°C + 65-70% RH storage condition proved to be less favourable: seed equilibrium moisture was about 12% for treated seed and 13.5% for untreated seed, and seed vigour at CT began to decrease noticeably after four and three months, respectively. The decline of seed viability during the storage period exhibited by standard germination (SG) was considerably lower than that shown by the two vigour tests (CT and AA). AA was a more severe method than CT, but was better able to discriminate differences in seed vigour. Also, MPL was an interesting vigour index, capable of clearly discriminating the diverse degrees of deterioration in the seed of the different environments and the storage times. Fungicide treatment lowered the seed equilibrium moisture in both storage conditions studied and improved germination and vigour. In regions characterised by periods of air temperature and relative humidity higher than 25°C and 65-70%, respectively, as in humid tropics, a storage of more than 3-4 months may be harmful to maize seed viability and vigour unless seed is packaged in sufficiently waterproof material.
Prediction of heterosis and combining ability for yield and yield characters at seedling stage in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

An attempt was made to predict heterosis and combining ability for yield and yield components at seedling stage in crosses between 12 powdery mildew resistant (PMR) lines and 3 powdery mildew susceptible (PMS) testers of sweet pepper. Heterosis over MP, BP and the best parent was recorded for seedling height, number of leaves, growth rate, leaf production per week, and number of basal and secondary roots at transplanting. Results of line X tester analysis and correlation studies suggest that F1 hybrids with high sca effects and parents with high gca effects for yield and yield components can be identified at seedling stage using parameters like height at transplanting and seedling growth rate.
BCL-2, Ca, and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer

Abstract : 31EG4 mammary epithelial cells were grown to confluence on filters, and apoptosis was initiated by staurosporine and mitomycin (kinase inhibitors) and also by thapsigargin (releases Ca stores by blocking Ca pump) and collagenase IV (degrades extracellular matrix). As shown by specific staining with fluorescent dyes, apoptosis began to occur in a small percentage of cells (after 16 hrs) as shown by condensation and fragmentation of the nuclei accompanied by extracellular membrane appearance of phosphatidylyserine (annexin V staining) . After 48 hrs, a majority of cells were undergoing apoptosis or had been killed. Although cytosolic Ca was the same in both control and apoptosing cells, stores of Ca (likely in the ER) were more than 50% smaller in the apoptosing cells compared to controls. As shown by deconvolution microsopy, these apoptosing cells exhibited prominent stores of Ca in the center of the fragmenting nucleus, which appeared to surround the store. These results may indicate an intimate relationship between the store and nuclear fragmentation. Further studies using electrophysiolgical methods showed that control mammary epithelial cells exhibit polarized Na absorption and Cl secretion that could contribute to control of milk secretion and also to fluid accumulation in mammary cysts.
Inflation Thresholds-Financial Development Nexus in South-Eastern Asian Emerging Markets

This paper investigated the maximum inflation threshold levels beyond which financial development declines in the South-Eastern Asian emerging markets using static panel threshold regression framework proposed by Bick (2010) with data ranging from 1994 to 2014. The negative impact of inflation on financial development is a settled matter in both theoretical and empirical literature. However, this study was prompted by recent literature (Boyd et al., 2001; Abbey, 2012; Kim and Lin, 2010) which argued that the relationship between inflation and financial development is not linear and is characterised by inflation thresholds. Moreover, no previous study that the author is aware of used the approach suggested by Bick (2010) to determine inflation threshold levels and financial development. Among previous inflation-finance studies, the current study is the first one according to the author’s best knowledge to use banking sector, stock market and bond sector development variables as previous studies were narrow focused in their definition of financial development. The study observed that lower levels of inflation is good for financial development whilst higher levels of inflation slows down the rate at which banking sector, stock and bond markets develop. These results agree with the theory underpinning inflation-financial development nexus. South-Eastern Asian emerging economies are therefore urged to implement macroeconomic policies that ensure inflation rates are kept at lower levels that do not stifle financial development.
Comparative Cladistics: Fossils, Morphological Data Partitions and Lost Branches in the Fossil Tree of Life

In this thesis I attempt to gather together a wide range of cladistic analysis of fossil and extant taxa representing a diverse array of phylogenetic groups. I use this data to quantitatively compare the effect of fossil taxa relative to extant taxa in terms of support for relationships, number of most parsimonious trees (MPTs) and leaf stability. In line with previous studies I find that the effects of fossil taxa are seldom different to extant taxa – although I highlight some interesting exceptions. I also use this data to compare the phylogenetic signal within vertebrate morphological data sets, by choosing to compare cranial data to postcranial data. Comparisons between molecular data and morphological data have been previously well explored, as have signals between different molecular loci. But comparative signal within morphological data sets is much less commonly characterized and certainly not across a wide array of clades. With this analysis I show that there are many studies in which the evidence provided by cranial data appears to be be significantly incongruent with the postcranial data – more than one would expect to see just by the effect of chance and noise alone. I devise and implement a modification to a rarely used measure of homoplasy that will hopefully encourage its wider usage. Previously it had some undesirable bias associated with the distribution of missing data in a dataset, but my modification controls for this. I also take an in-depth and extensive review of the ILD test, noting it is often misused or reported poorly, even in recent studies. Finally, in attempting to collect data and metadata on a large scale, I uncovered inefficiencies in the research publication system that obstruct re-use of data and scientific progress. I highlight the importance of replication and reproducibility – even simple re-analysis of high profile papers can turn up some very different results. Data is highly valuable and thus it must be retained and made available for further re-use to maximize the overall return on research investment.
A model for hepatitis B disease with age-dependent susceptibility

In this paper, a SEI model for hepatitis B is constructed in a closed population where the susceptibility depends on the chronological age and the basic reproduction rate R0is derived. Under suitable (biological and mathematical) assumptions, it is shown that the disease free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable (GAS) if R0 1 induces that endemic equilibrium is GAS and the system is uniformly persistent.
Importance of group dynamics on female mating behaviour in reindeer Rangifer tarandus

The aim of this work is to investigate female mating behaviour in reindeer Rangifer tarandus using a combination of both field and GPS based data. By developing adequate methodology, I was able to remotely estimate individual activity budgets, and to investigate fission-fusion group dynamics in a controlled herd. Variations of the group dynamics revealed an increase in group size at the beginning of the peak rut, resulting from an increase of group cohesiveness. I demonstrated that this increase in cohesiveness resulted from the herding behaviour of males, rather than female mate choice. Harassment avoidance marginally increased the group cohesiveness, as females may have preferred to remain within the group to avoid the costly solitary situation where they were harassed by low quality males during the peak rut. However, forming larger groups appeared to be costly, since increasing group size increased the disturbance level on female activities due to foraging competition. Therefore, I rejected the hypothesis of harassment dilution, which states that females aggregate to decrease the per capita level of harassment. Instead, a trade-off appeared on female mating tactic between foraging competition and harassment avoidance; between a large group dominated by an adult male, and a small group dominated by a young harassing male. By demonstrating that a proximate process (males herding females) was responsible for the pattern at the population level (the increase of the average group size), I validated the self-organization theory on ungulate group dynamics. I also used these semi-experimental conditions to correct and validate a field-based measure of the intensity of the group dynamics.
(ECOLOGÍA DE MICRORRIZA ARBUSCULAR ASOCIADO CON Carica papaya L. EN AGROECOSYSTEMAS DE GOA, INDIA)

SUMMARY In the present investigation, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association in mono-culture plantation of Carica papaya L. was studied. Similar root colonization and spore density patterns of AM fungi were recorded for two consecutive years. The mean total colonization was lowest in April and highest in July, whereas spore density was minimum in October and maximum in April. Pearson’s correlation revealed that root colonization and spore density were influenced by climatic as well as edaphic factors. Species richness of AM fungi varied from 5 to 9 species per sampling period. The present study recorded a total of 18 AM fungal species belonging to four genera: Acaulospora, Glomus, Gigaspora, and Scutellospora. Glomus claroideum was the most frequently occurring species and was recovered throughout the study period. Arbuscular mycorrhiza are well established in Carica papaya,exhibiting variations depending on edaphic factors and seasonal patterns in the weather.
The food of young razorbills on the Isle of May and a comparison with that of young guillemots and puffins

Sandeels were the staple food of young Razorbills which were fed, on average, 2.9 times d-'. The calculated mean feed weights (and calorific values) for 1982, 1983 and 1984 were 8.5 g (61 kJ), 7.2 g (52 kJ) and 6.3 g (43 kJ), respectively. Young aged 3-11 d received the most feeds. Puffin chicks received 4-5 feeds d-1 of a number of smaller sandeels, herring and a range of other species, while young Guillemots received 3-4 feeds of a single large sandeel or sprat. There was virtually complete overlap of the chick rearing periods and a marked similarity in the diets of chicks in the three species. The greatest dietary overlap was between Razorbill and Puffin. Razorbill chicks received far less food than other young and the species had a relatively low breeding success. Food and breeding performance should be monitored carefully.
MOBİL ÖĞRENMEYE YÖNELİK HAZIRBULUNUŞLUK ÖLÇEĞİ: BİR UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI

Bu arastirmanin amaci Lin, Lin, Yeh & Wang (2016) tarafindan gelistirilen Mobil ogrenme hazirbulunusluk olcegini Turkce’ye uyarlamaktir. Amac dogrultusunda oncelikle olcek Turkce’ye cevrilmis, uzman gorusu alinarak Turkce forma son sekli verilmistir. Olcegin gecerlilik ve guvenilirlik calismalari icin 2015-2016 egitim-ogretim yili bahar doneminde 698 lisans ogrencinden olusan bir calisma grubundan elde edilen veriler kullanilmistir. Olcegin yapi gecerliligi iki asamada yapilan Acimlayici ve Dogrulayici faktor analizi ile tespit edilmistir. Ilk asamada yapilan analizler sonucunda 3 alt boyutlu 17 maddelik bir olcek elde edilmistir. Bu olcegin gecerliligi icin faktor analizleri tekrar edilmistir. Sonuc olarak 3 boyut 17 maddeden olusan olcegin birinci alt boyutu olan iyimserlik faktorunun 7, ikinci alt boyutu olan oz yeterlilik faktorunun 6, ucuncu alt boyutu olan kendi kendine ogrenme faktorunun 4 maddeden olustugu ve olcegin acikladigi toplam varyans oraninin %76,9 oldugu belirlenmistir. Olcegin guvenilirligi ise Cronbach alfa katsayisi ve test-tekrar test yontemi kullanilarak belirlenmistir. Olcegin Cronbach alfa katsayisi . 95 olarak bulunmustur. Test-tekrar test sonucunda korelasyon katsayisi . 68 olarak hesaplanmistir. Elde edilen sonuclara gore, Turkce’ye uyarlanan mobil ogrenme hazirbulunusluk olceginin mobil ogrenmeye yonelik hazirbulunuslugu olcmek icin uygun bir olcme araci oldugu soylenebilir.
Respuesta metabólica en vacas a pastoreo en otoño alimentadas con dos ofertas de pastura y suplementadas con concentrado amiláceo o fibroso.

El objetivo de este ensayo fue evaluar la respuesta del balance metabolico y la produccion lactea de vacas lecheras alimentadas con dos ofertas de pastura y suplementadas con dos tipos de concentrado en el otono. En un periodo de 60 dias (d) se utilizaron 28 vacas Holstein Friesian asignadas a un diseno factorial 2 x 2, con dos ofertas de pastura (Lolium spp), 25,5 y 38,5 kg MS /vaca/d, y suplementacion con dos tipos de concentrado amilaceo y fibroso (5 kg vaca/d). Semanalmente se obtuvieron muestras de sangre de cada vaca para determinar las concentraciones sericas de -OH butirato, acidos grasos no esterificados (NEFA), glucosa, albuminas, urea, Ca, P y Mg y ademas se registro la produccion lactea. Las vacas que pastorearon 38,5 kg de oferta de pastura, presentaron una albuminemia y magnesemia mayor (P 0,05). Las vacas alimentadas con mayor oferta produjeron mas leche (24,7 ± 0,04 L/vaca/d) que las con menor oferta (22,1 ± 0,04 L/vaca/d; P
Effect of sea cucumbers Holothuria atra extract on hematological parameters and cardio enzymes in rats

The present study aims to investigate the impact of the sublethal dose (LD25) of the extract of sea cucumber Holathuria arta from Red sea on the white and red blood cells and platelet count, hemoglobin percent and cardio enzymes (CK & CKmb) of rats after their injection (i.p.) for 1⁄2, 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours. The white blood cell count was significantly affected in rats injected, while platelet decreased through the first hour then reaching normal level after 24 hours, while Red blood cells count and hemoglobin weren’t significantly affected. On the other hand, injection of extract of sea cucumber significantly increased serum CK and CK-MB compared to normal controls. In conclusion, the extract toxin of sea cucumber Holothuria atra has direct effect on white blood cells count, platelet and cardio disease tests with no other effect on red blood cell count or hemoglobin.
Morphology of lateral roots of twelve rice cultivars of Bangladesh: dimension increase and diameter reduction in progressive root branching at the vegetative stage

Understanding morphology of lateral roots in rice is important in modeling different agricultural management system. The objective of the study was to explore the morphology of lateral roots of lowland transplanted-aman rice cultivars to mechanistically model length, surface area and volume of an individual root. Seedlings of twelve selected rice cultivars at 30 days of age were transplanted and a series of measurements was carried out on 14, 20, 33 and 60 days after transplantation (DAT). Lateral roots and root hairs were studied under a light microscope. Individual main axes produced up to second-order laterals. Mean main axis diameter and length of twelve cultivars measured 0.94 mm and 20.4 cm respectively at 60 days after transplantation. Diameter reduced at the first-order and second-order laterals up to 4.56 and 21.4 times respectively compared to main axis on 60 DAT. Root hair diameter measured 4.0 µm. An individual root on 60 DAT estimated 911 m in the length, 1714 cm 2 in the surface area and in the 467 mm 3 volume. Root hairs had the highest contribution towards total length and surface area of an individual root whereas main axis and first order laterals mostly contributed root volume.
Isolation and Identification of Bacteria

Present study was proposed to investigate the status of bacteriological parameter at haridwar,water samples were collected from five different sites for analysis of isolation and identification using bacteriological culture or medium.The results of anaylzed parameter were compared with scientifically approved water quality criteria to understand the status,quality of water,environment present study was recorded whole area due to extreme level of bacteriological analysis ,which may cause dreadful effects on aquatic life.
Aquatic and terrestrial habitat selection by amphibians in a dynamic floodplain

Abstract. During tracking studies, the behavior of animals may be affected by During tracking studies, the behavior of animals may be affected by the tracking and tagging methods used, which may influence the results obtained. Our aim was to assess the impact of transmitter mass and the duration of tracking period on the body mass change (BMC) of two anuran species that were fitted with externally attached radio transmitters. Bufo b. spinosus and B. viridis were radio-tracked for three months during summer in the active tract of a large gravelbed river (Tagliamento River, NE Italy). Our results demonstrated that transmitter mass and the duration of the tracking period did not affect BMC of the two anurans in their terrestrial summer habitats because methodological factors poorly predicted variation in BMC. Therefore, we encourage the use of tracking methods in amphibian ecology. CHAPTER
A Novel NF-κB/Rel Site in Intron 1 Cooperates with Proximal Promoter Elements to Mediate TNF-α-Induced Transcription of the Human Polymeric Ig Receptor1

Secretory Abs constitute the first line of specific immune defense at mucosal surfaces. Such Abs are generated by the active transport of polymeric Ig (pIg) across secretory epithelia mediated by the pIgR, also known as transmembrane secretory component (SC). The proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α is a key mediator of host responses to infections, and it can stimulate protein synthesis-dependent transcriptional up-regulation of pIgR/SC in the HT-29 intestinal adenocarcinoma cell line. By reporter gene assay we identified a novel TNF-α-responsive region located within a 748-bp fragment in intron 1 of the human pIgR/SC gene which depended on an NF-κB/Rel site for full responsiveness. EMSAs demonstrated preferential binding of the NF-κB/Rel family member p65 (RelA) to this DNA element after TNF-α stimulation, with weaker and more delayed binding of p50. Furthermore, the TNF-α-responsive region in intron 1 required cooperation with DNA elements located in the proximal promoter region of the gene. Mutational analysis demonstrated that an IFN-stimulated response element near the transcriptional start site in exon 1 was involved in the TNF-α responsiveness. Thus, DNA elements located >4 kb apart were found to cooperate in TNF-α-induced pIgR/SC up-regulation. The intronic TNF-α-responsive enhancer overlapped with a recently identified IL-4-responsive enhancer. Several intronic DNA elements found to be functionally important in the human gene are highly conserved between the human and mouse pIgR/SC genes, suggesting the presence of a conserved cytokine-responsive enhancer region.
The use of the DNA barcode gene 16S mRNA for the clarification of taxonomic problems within the family Sertulariidae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa)

Moura, C. J., Cunha, M. R. , Porteiro, F. M. & Rogers, A. D. (2011). The use of the DNA barcode gene 16S mRNA for the clarification of taxonomic problems within the family Sertulariidae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). —Zoologica Scripta, 40, 520–537.
Review of the microgastrine braconid wasp genus Exoryza, with description of a new species, E. monocavus, from Central America

A new species of the rarely collected microgastrine braconid wasp genus Exoryza Mason, E. monocavus n. sp. , is described and illustrated. With this finding, the geographical range for the genus is extended to Central America in the New World, from a previous known distribution including only North America (E. minnesota Mason) and Asia (E. schoenobiii (Wilkinson)). The two previously described species are redescribed, and an illustrated key for all three species is presented.
Teacher education and ethnic/racial content in ANPEd’s journal Revista Brasileira de Educação from 1995 through 2015

Our goal is to analyze the focus of studies on race, ethnicity and teacher formation published in Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação Revista Brasileira de Educação, from 1995 to 2015. By correlating bibliographic and documentary sources, the qualitative approach was the main path of research. The predominance of the race-related subject matters was evidenced in the analysis, followed by ethnics. Correlation between race, ethnicity and other social features that characterize exclusion processes also composed the sample. Another important aspect to be highlighted was that the creation of the Study Group 21 and the Working Group 21 of that association and approval of laws 10,639/2003 and 11,645/2008 seem to directly influence the expansion of publications about racial-ethnic issues in Revista Brasileira de Educação.
Nematodos entomofílicos de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina

De acuerdo a la terminologia aceptada actualmente, los nematodos entomofilicos comprenden especies que tienen afinidad con insectos y que de una u otra manera se vinculan con ellos, pudiendo ser de vida libre o parasitos (Stock, 2002). Veintitres familias de nematodos muestran asociacion con insectos y siete de ellas abarcan especies con potencialidad para su control biologico: Mermithidae y Tetradonematidae (Orden Stichosomida), Allantonematidae, Phaenopsitylenchidae y Sphaerulariidae (Orden Tylenchida), Heterorhabditidae y Steinernematidae (Orden Rhabditida) (Koppenhofer, 2007). En el presente trabajo se tratan dos subgrupos en funcion de la relacion hospedador-nematodo existente: entomo-patogenos y entomoparasitos.