Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Knowledge Sharing Capability in Innovative Behavior: A SEM Approach from Graduate Students’ Insights

The capability to share knowledge is considered one of the most relevant components of knowledge management. Moreover, there is little empirical evidence indicating how future human resources in the construction industry value the richness of knowledge sharing and the richness of their innovative behavior. The purposes of this study are (1) to determine which facilitators, from the point of view of master’s degree students related to engineering and construction management in Spain, most substantially influence knowledge sharing capability; (2) to test whether knowledge sharing capability (KS) positively influences innovative behavior (IB); and (3) demonstrating whether organizational innovation climate (OIC) is a factor that moderates the relationship between KS and IB. In this research, we have proposed a theoretical model and empirically tested the model in a sample of 253 master’s degree students in public universities in Spain. The findings support the proposed model, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) evaluation suggests that, among all the facilitators of KS, information and communication technologies (ICT) stand out among the other facilitators and have a more significant influence on KS. Furthermore, the research found a direct correlation between KS and IB and causal links between OIC and IB.
Effects of the Large-Scale Flow on Characteristic Features of the Sea Breeze

Abstract A two-dimensional nonlinear numerical model has been used to examine the effects of the ambient wind on the development of characteristic features of the sea breeze. The specific features that were examined were the maximum shoreward velocity component (both total and as a perturbation from the large-scale flow) anywhere in the simulation domain, the inland penetration of the sea breeze, the depth of the inflow layer at the coastline, the maximum vertical velocity anywhere in the domain, the maximum potential-temperature gradient anywhere in the domain, and the surface heat flux. Thirty-one simulators were performed, with large-scale geostrophic winds ranging from onshore (i.e., supporting) flow of 15 m s−1 to offshore (i.e., opposing) flow of 15 m s−1, at 1 m s−1 intervals. The results indicated that the sea-breeze perturbation was suppressed for onshore large-scale flow of a few meters per second or more. In contrast, a sea breeze was produced for opposing large-scale flow as strong as 11 m s−1.
X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Identification of Mn-doped Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 Ceramics

In this work, x-ray absorption spectroscopy was performed to characterize Mn-doped Bi3.25La0. 75Ti3O12 (BLT) ceramics with various MnO2 dopants. The x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) was analyzed in combination with first principle calculation of Mn K-edge to identify atomic position of Mn in BLT. The result confirms Mn4+ substituting on Ti4+-site in BLT. Further, the extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) was examined where Mn K-edge of Mn-doped BLT was compared to that of Ti K-edge of BLT in R-space. The result shows radial distances between Mn4+ and O2− ions in ab-axis are almost equal and decrease with increasing Mn-doping contents. This is strong evidence that Mn4+ substituting on Ti4+ site can be reduced the orthorhombicity, which increase the polarization domains size and enhance remnant polarization, speed up the polarization domains movement and lessen coercive field.
Associations between media exposure and mental health among children and parents after the Great East Japan Earthquake

ABSTRACT Background: Exposure to natural disaster media coverage is associated with mental health problems, but its long-term impacts are still unclear. Also, no study has analysed the psychological impact of exposure to natural disaster media coverage among children who are generally sensitive to threatening events. Objective: We aimed to examine how television images of victims after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake were associated with mental health among children and their parents. Methods: In 2012, questionnaires for sociodemographic factors were distributed to 2053 families. Parents who provided written consent were contacted in 2013 and invited to provide information on mental health problems (outcome) and retrospectively provide information on television watching at the time of the earthquake (exposure). We used data from 159 parents who completed the survey as the final sample. We used a dichotomous variable to evaluate exposure to media coverage. Multivariable regression was used to examine the association between exposure to television images of victims and mental health, adjusting for potential confounders. Bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap confidence intervals (CIs) were used. Results: Exposure to television images of victims was significantly associated with worse psychopathology among children (β, 1.51; 95% CI, 0.07–2.96) and greater psychological distress among their parents (β, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.28–2.70). Child psychopathology and parental psychological distress were significantly correlated (r = 0.36, p < .001). Conclusions: Exposure to television images of disaster victims may produce long-term impacts on mental health among children and their parents. To reduce the likelihood of mental health problems associated with disasters, clinicians may recommend reducing exposure to television images of victims. HIGHLIGHTS Television images of victims after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake were associated with worse psychopathology among children in 2013, adjusted for potential confounders. Similar associations were found in psychological distress among their parents. Child psychopathology and parental psychological distress were correlated with each other.
Independent Redistricting Commissions Are Associated with More Competitive Elections

ABSTRACT Competitive elections are essential for democratic accountability, yet most US House of Representatives elections are uncompetitive. Using district-level data from 1982 to 2018, I examine the relationship between redistricting institutions and election competition. I extend the work of Carson, Crespin, and Williamson (2014) by separating independent and political commissions and find that, relative to legislative redistricting, independent commissions are 2.25 times more likely to have competitive elections, and they decrease incumbent party wins by 52%.
Impact of Metal Nanoparticles on the Phytochemical and Antioxidative Properties of Rapeseed Oil

The agricultural uses of nanoparticles continue to be considered as innovative methods that require more in-depth research into their impact on product quality. In our study, we investigated the effects of fertilizers containing metal nanoparticles (silver AgNPs and copper CuNPs) during the plant growth stage of winter rape cultivation, and in most experimental variants, with the exception of the (x2) application of AgNPs, we observed a decrease in the mass of one thousand seeds (MTS). The obtained result was 11.55% higher relative to the control sample in 2019, and also increased after the (x1) 4.36% and (x2) 11.11% application of CuNPS in 2020. The analyzed oxidative stability of the oil increased in both experimental years (2019–2020), with the highest values recorded after the (x1) and (x2) application of CuNPS—4.94% and 8.31%, respectively, in the first year of cultivation, and after the (x2) application of CuNPS—12.07% in the subsequent year. It was also observed that the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, squalene, tocopherols α and δ, chlorophylls, and carotenoids increased in the oil. Moreover, spectral FTIR analysis was performed on the oil samples obtained from cultivations sprayed with solutions containing Ag or Cu nanoparticles and revealed changes in several spectral regions with the maxima at ~1740, 1370, 1230, and ~1090 cm−1. Additionally, a FTIR analysis conducted in combination with multivariate analysis allowed us to classify the studied oils into the most similar groups and to study the structure of data variability. The conducted analyses revealed that the use of nanoparticles resulted in decreased size of the produced seeds and improved antioxidative properties of rapeseed oil.
Organizational Performance and Discrimination: Are High-Performing Schools Less Likely to Discriminate against Potential Clients?

Abstract Recent studies argue that underperforming public organizations are more prone to stereotyping behavior and discrimination. However, empirical research concerning this subject is limited and focuses only on employment discrimination based on ethnicity. This article is the first to study the relationship between organizational performance and discrimination against clients/costumers. It also takes socioeconomic (SES) discrimination into account. This study is based on a large-scale correspondence experiment in which Swedish school principals were randomly contacted via email by parents interested in enrolling their children; the parents had Arabic- or Swedish-sounding names and were engaged in professions associated with a low or high SES. The results show no clear relationship between client discrimination and student test scores and grades. Hence, the findings of previous studies may not be generalizable to client discrimination and/or other national contexts, and client discrimination may be a result of mechanisms operating in all types of organizations (e.g., discriminatory attitudes).
Hot gas in superclusters and microwave background distortions

Variations in the electron pressure can produce significant distortions of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) spectrum through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. In this paper, we compute the amplitude of these distortions in various cosmological scenarios using the results of hydrodynamical simulations combined with analytic theory. For reionized cold dark matter (CDM) with h = 0.5 probed with the OVRO experiment (Theta approximately = 0.1 deg), we find that the amplitude of these fluctuations is (Delta T/T)(sub rms) = 1 x 10(exp -5) (Omega(sub i)/0.06) if the experiment looks at a random part of the sky and 6 x 10(exp -6)(Omega(sub i)/(0.06) if bright areas are avoided. Here Omega is the density of ionized baryons in units of the critical density, rho(sub c) = 2.78 x 10(exp 11)h(exp 2)/cu Mpc. Primary fluctuations would generate (Delta T/T)(sub rms) approximately = 2 x 10(exp -6) for this model. These distortions could be a dominant source of CMBR anisotropics on small and intermediate angular scales. It is important to note that these signals are generated relatively recently, when nonlinear effects are improtant, and do not require early reionization. We also examine the contribution to anisotropies from the Doppler effect, in both the linear and nonlinear regimes. In this case, the bulk of the signal is generated before a redshift of 10, provided that the intercluster medium is ionized back to the surface of last scattering. On the smallest scales thermal effects are bigger, while, on larger scales the Doppler-induced fluctuations are greater with the exact boundary determined by the scenario. However, over a wide range of scales, the two signals are equal to within a factor of a few.
Faraday effect enhancement in metal-dielectric plasmonic systems

Magnetooptical effects in the metal/dielectric heterostructure, consisting of a thin metallic layer with the array of parallel subwavelength slits and a uniform dielectric layer magnetized perpendicular to its plane, are investigated. Calculations, based on the rigorous coupled-wave analysis of Maxwell's equations, demonstrate that in such structures the Faraday and Kerr rotation can be significantly enhanced in the near infrared optical range. It is possible by varying thickness of the magnetic film to make Faraday rotation and transmittance peaks coincident and achieve the increase in the Faraday effect by more than an order of magnitude at the transmittance of 40-45%. It is shown that the excitation of the surface plasmon polaritons and quasi-guided TM- and TE- modes in the dielectric layer mostly governs the enhancement of the Faraday rotation.
Enhanced efficiency of plasma acceleration in the laser-induced cavity pressure acceleration scheme

Among various methods for the acceleration of dense plasmas the mechanism called laser-induced cavity pressure acceleration (LICPA) is capable of achieving the highest energetic efficiency. In the LICPA scheme, a projectile placed in a cavity is accelerated along a guiding channel by the laser-induced thermal plasma pressure or by the radiation pressure of an intense laser radiation trapped in the cavity. This arrangement leads to a significant enhancement of the hydrodynamic or electromagnetic forces driving the projectile, relative to standard laser acceleration schemes. The aim of this paper is to review recent experimental and numerical works on LICPA with the emphasis on the acceleration of heavy plasma macroparticles and dense ion beams. The main experimental part concerns the research carried out at the kilojoule sub-nanosecond PALS laser facility in Prague. Our measurements performed at this facility, supported by advanced two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, have demonstrated that the LICPA accelerator working in the long-pulse hydrodynamic regime can be a highly efficient tool for the acceleration of heavy plasma macroparticles to hyper-velocities and the generation of ultra-high-pressure (>100 Mbar) shocks through the collision of the macroparticle with a solid target. The energetic efficiency of the macroparticle acceleration and the shock generation has been found to be significantly higher than that for other laser-based methods used so far. Using particle-in-cell simulations it is shown that the LICPA scheme is highly efficient also in the short-pulse high-intensity regime and, in particular, may be used for production of intense ion beams of multi-MeV to GeV ion energies with the energetic efficiency of tens of per cent, much higher than for conventional laser acceleration schemes.
ecBSU1: A Genome-Scale Enzyme-Constrained Model of Bacillus subtilis Based on the ECMpy Workflow

Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) play an important role in the phenotype prediction of microorganisms, and their accuracy can be further improved by integrating other types of biological data such as enzyme concentrations and kinetic coefficients. Enzyme-constrained models (ecModels) have been constructed for several species and were successfully applied to increase the production of commodity chemicals. However, there was still no genome-scale ecModel for the important model organism Bacillus subtilis prior to this study. Here, we integrated enzyme kinetic and proteomic data to construct the first genome-scale ecModel of B. subtilis (ecBSU1) using the ECMpy workflow. We first used ecBSU1 to simulate overflow metabolism and explore the trade-off between biomass yield and enzyme usage efficiency. Next, we simulated the growth rate on eight previously published substrates and found that the simulation results of ecBSU1 were in good agreement with the literature. Finally, we identified target genes that enhance the yield of commodity chemicals using ecBSU1, most of which were consistent with the experimental data, and some of which may be potential novel targets for metabolic engineering. This work demonstrates that the integration of enzymatic constraints is an effective method to improve the performance of GEMs. The ecModel can predict overflow metabolism more precisely and can be used for the identification of target genes to guide the rational design of microbial cell factories.
ELF and VLF radiation from the polar electrojet antenna

First, an approximate evaluation is made of the ELF/VLF dipole moment of the polar electrojet antenna established by ionospheric heating via the use of powerful HF waves amplitude modulated with frequencies in the ELF/VLF range. Then, the theory of reciprocity is used to determine the magnitude of the ELF/VLF waveguide excitation produced by such a dipole immersed in the ionosphere. Propagation under a series of ionospheres ranging from quiet auroral nightime to disturbed auroral daytime is considered.
Working with strong reducibilities above totally omega-c.e. and array computable degrees

We investigate the connections between the complexity of a c.e. set, as calibrated by its strength as an oracle for Turing computations of functions in the Ershov hierarchy, and how strong reducibilities allow us to compute such sets. For example, we prove that a c.e. degree is totally w-c.e. iff every set in it is weak truth-table reducible to a hypersimple, or ranked, set. We also show that a c.e. degree is array computable iff every left-c.e. real of that degree is reducible in a computable Lipschitz way to a random left-c.e. real (an Ω-number).
Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves by a Coated Dielectric Spheroid

The method of separation of variables is used to derive an analytic solution to the problem of electromagnetic scattering by a homogeneous dielectric spheroid with a confocal lossy dielectric coating of arbitrary thickness. The electric and magnetic fields in each different region are expressed in terms of a set of vector spheroidal eigenfunctions, and the solution is obtained by imposing the appropriate boundary conditions at each spheroidal surface. Computed results illustrate the dependence of the scattered field in the far zone on the coating material and its thickness, the size and the material of the spheroid, and on the angle of incidence.
Low Frequency Diffraction by a Hard Strip

The problem of solving the reduced wave equation with the normal derivative of the solution given on a strip leads to an integro-differential equation. In this paper we show how a rigorous solution of this integro-differential equation can be obtained when the product of strip width and wave number is small. As an application of the method of solution we study the problem of diffraction of a plane wave. We are thus able to verify some earlier results obtained in a formal manner and show that these results do indeed represent the first few terms of a convergent expansion.
Coupling between magnetism and dielectric properties in quantum paraelectric EuTiO 3

The dielectric constant of quantum paraelectric ${\mathrm{EuTiO}}_{3},$ which contains ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{2+}$ with $S=7/2$ spin and ${\mathrm{Ti}}^{4+},$ has been measured under a magnetic field. The dielectric constant shows a critical decrease at the antiferromagnetic ordering of the Eu spins at 5.5 K, as well as a substantial change under a magnetic field (by $\ensuremath{\sim}7%$ with 1.5 T), indicating a strong coupling between the Eu spins and dielectric properties. We show that the variation of the dielectric constant is dominated by the pair correlation of the nearest-neighbor Eu spins, likely via the variation of the soft-phonon-mode frequency.
Anomalous 13C enrichment in Mesozoic vertebrate enamel reflects environmental conditions in a “vanished world” and not a unique dietary physiology

Abstract. — Biogeochemical analyses of organisms' tissues provide direct proxies for diets, behaviors, and environmental interactions that have proven invaluable for studies of extant and extinct species. Applying these to Cretaceous ecosystems has at times produced anomalous results, however, as dinosaurs preserve unusually positive stable carbon isotope compositions relative to extant C3-feeding vertebrates. This has been hypothesized to be a unique property of dinosaur dietary physiology, with potential significance for our interpretations of their paleobiology. We test that hypothesis through multi-taxic stable carbon isotope analyses of a spatiotemporally constrained locality in the Late Cretaceous of Canada, and compare the results to a modern near-analogue environment in Louisiana. The stable carbon isotope anomaly is present in all sampled fossil vertebrates, dinosaur or not. This suggests another more widespread factor is responsible. Examinations of diagenetic effects suggest that, where present, they are insufficient to explain the isotope anomaly. The isotope anomaly is therefore not primarily the result of a unique dietary physiology of dinosaurs, but rather a mix of factors impacting all taxa, such as environmental and/or source-diet differences. Our study underscores the importance of multi-taxic samples from spatiotemporally constrained localities in testing hypotheses of extinct organisms and ecosystems, and in the use of modern data to “ground truth” when evaluating analogue versus non-analogue conditions in greenhouse paleoecosystems.
Turbulent flow characteristics in a randomly packed porous bed based on particle image velocimetry measurements

An experimental study was undertaken to better understand the turbulent flow characteristics within a randomly packed porous bed. A relatively low aspect ratio bed (bed width to spherical solid phase particle diameter of 4.67) with the fluid phase refractive index matched to that of the solid phase was used to obtain time resolved particle image velocimetry data. Care was taken to assure that data were outside of the wall affected region, and results are based on detailed time dependent velocity vector maps obtained at selected pores. In particular, four pores were identified that display a range of very disparate mean flow conditions which resemble channel-like flow, impinging flow, recirculating flow, and jet like flow. Velocity data were used for a range of pore Reynolds numbers, Repore, from 418 to 3964 to determine the following turbulence measures: (i) turbulent kinetic energy components, (ii) turbulent shear production rate, (iii) integral Eulerian length and time scales, and (iv) energy spectra. T.
A critical assessment of surface cloud observations and their use for verifying cloud forecasts

Total cloud amount and cloud‐base height are two quantities diagnosed from the vertical distribution of cloud in a model grid column. Together they form the basis of many cloud‐based forecast products. Forecasts from four Met Office Unified Model (MetUM) horizontal resolution configurations are compared against manual and automated conventional synoptic (SYNOP) observations. The analysis shows that observation‐type‐dependent characteristics feed through to model forecast biases and skill scores, where manual and automated cloud observations produce biases of opposite kind. The mixing of observation types is therefore not recommended, as the ability to interpret results is compromised. This is especially relevant when tuning model physics. The effect of horizontal grid resolution is mixed on both bias and skill. Copyright © 2012 British Crown copyright, the Met Office Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
First Results of the Implementation of the Doppler Backscattering Diagnostic for the Investigation of the Transition to H-Mode in the Spherical Tokamak Globus-M2

This paper presents the first results of a study of the LH transition on the new spherical Globus-M2 tokamak using the Doppler backscattering (DBS) diagnostic. New data characterizing the H-mode of discharges with higher values of the plasma parameters, such as magnetic field Bt up to 0.9 T and plasma current Ip up to 450 kA, were collected and analyzed. An upgraded neutral beam injection (NBI) system was used to initiate the LH transition. DBS allows the measurement of the poloidal rotation velocity and the turbulence amplitude of the plasma. The multi-frequency DBS system installed on Globus-M2 can simultaneously collect data in different areas spanning from the separatrix to the plasma core. This allowed for the radial profiles of the rotation velocity and electric field to be calculated before and after the LH transition. In addition, the values and temporal evolution of the velocity shear were obtained. The associated turbulence suppression after the transition to the H-mode was investigated using DBS.