Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The molecular details of a novel phosphorylation‐dependent interaction between MRN and the SOSS complex

The repair of double‐strand DNA breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination is crucial in the maintenance of genome integrity. While the key role of the Mre11‐Rad50‐Nbs1 (MRN) complex in repair is well known, hSSB1 (SOSSB and OBFC2B), one of the main components of the sensor of single‐stranded DNA (SOSS) protein complex, has also been shown to rapidly localize to DSB breaks and promote repair. We have previously demonstrated that hSSB1 binds directly to Nbs1, a component of the MRN complex, in a DNA damage‐independent manner. However, recruitment of the MRN complex has also been demonstrated by an interaction between Integrator Complex Subunit 3 (INTS3; also known as SOSSA), another member of the SOSS complex, and Nbs1. In this study, we utilize a combined approach of in silico, biochemical, and functional experiments to uncover the molecular details of INTS3 binding to Nbs1. We demonstrate that the forkhead‐associated domain of Nbs1 interacts with INTS3 via phosphorylation‐dependent binding to INTS3 at Threonine 592, with contributions from Serine 590. Based on these data, we propose a model of MRN recruitment to a DSB via INTS3.
Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Correlates With Lifestyle and Health in Long-Haul Truck Drivers

When BMI + WC was used, significant associations with age, experience, eating breakfast, hypertension and malignancy were observed that were not seen when using BMI alone. BMI + WC is a more sensitive marker of health outcomes in LHTD than using BMI alone. Introduction This study examined and compared the association between body mass index (BMI) and BMI with waist circumference (WC) on lifestyle measure and health outcomes in Canadian long-haul truck drivers (LHTDs). Methods Two hundred LHTDs completed a survey on diet and physical activity, and participated in objective measures of height, weight, WC, and blood pressure. Results More than half of the sample was classified as obese (57%). Body mass index risk was significantly associated with poorer health (P < 0.05), increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, increased body fat (P < 0.001), and sleep apnea (P < 001). When BMI + WC was used, additional significant associations were observed with age, years of experience, eating breakfast, and hypertension and malignancy. Conclusion Body mass index + WC is a more sensitive measure in assessing cardiometabolic risk in LHTDs than using BMI alone.
Comparative assessment of the outcome of complete pulpotomy using mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine in mature permanent mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized clinical trial with 18 months of follow-up

Background: Mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis have traditionally been managed with pulpectomy. With advancements in pulp biology and dental materials, many clinicians are using vital pulp therapies like pulpotomy to manage such teeth. The current study was conducted to help clinicians in making decisions about case selection and choice of material for such cases. Aim: This randomized clinical trial evaluated the outcome of complete pulpotomy, using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine, in permanent mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with moderate-to-severe pain in mandibular molars with SIP were included in this prospective, parallel, single-blind clinical trial. Coronal pulp was completely removed and hemostasis was achieved with a cotton pellet moistened with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Subsequently, the radicular orifices were randomly covered with MTA or Biodentine. All teeth were permanently restored with composite restoration at the same appointment. Clinical evaluation was performed at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months and radiographic evaluation was done after 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. Mann–Whitney U and Chi-square tests were utilized for statistical analysis. Results: Success rates of MTA and Biodentine pulpotomy were 63.6% and 69.6%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups at any follow-up period (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in complete pulpotomy success rates between MTA and Biodentine over 18 months in mandibular molars with SIP.
Translating the Transdiagnostic: Aligning Assessment Practices With Research Advances

Researchers and clinicians working within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fifth Edition, Text Rev (DSM-5-TR) framework face a difficult question: what does it mean to have an evidence-based assessment of a nonevidence-based diagnostic construct? Alternative nosological approaches conceptualize psychopathology as (a) hierarchical, allowing researchers to move between levels of description and (b) dimensional, eliminating artificial dichotomies between disorders and the dichotomy between mental illness and mental well-being. In this article, we provide an overview of ongoing efforts to develop validated measures of transdiagnostic nosologies (i.e., the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology; HiTOP) with applications for measurement-based care. However, descriptive models like HiTOP, which summarize patterns of covariation among psychopathology symptoms, do not address dynamic processes underlying the problems associated with psychopathology. Ambulatory assessment, well-suited to examine such dynamic processes, has also developed rapidly in recent decades. Thus, the goal of the current article is twofold. First, we provide a brief overview of developments in constructing valid measures of the HiTOP model as well as developments in ambulatory assessment practices. Second, we outline how these parallel developments can be integrated to advance measurement-based treatment. We end with a discussion of some major challenges for future research to address to integrate advances more fully in transdiagnostic and ambulatory assessment practices.
Tumor microenvironment and CAR‐T cell immunotherapy in B‐cell lymphoma

Chimeric receptor antigen T cell (CAR‐T cell) therapy has demonstrated effectiveness and therapeutic potential in the immunotherapy of hematological malignancies, representing a promising breakthrough in cancer treatment. Despite the efficacy of CAR‐T cell therapy in B‐cell lymphoma, response variability, resistance, and side effects remain persistent challenges. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an intricate role in CAR‐T cell therapy of B‐cell lymphoma. The TME is a complex and dynamic environment that includes various cell types, cytokines, and extracellular matrix components, all of which can influence CAR‐T cell function and behavior. This review discusses the design principles of CAR‐T cells, TME in B‐cell lymphoma, and the mechanisms by which TME influences CAR‐T cell function. We discuss emerging strategies aimed at modulating the TME, targeting immunosuppressive cells, overcoming inhibitory signaling, and improving CAR‐T cell infiltration and persistence. Therefore, these processes enhance the efficacy of CAR‐T cell therapy and improve patient outcomes in B‐cell lymphoma. Further research will be needed to investigate the molecular and cellular events that occur post‐infusion, including changes in TME composition, immune cell interactions, cytokine signaling, and potential resistance mechanisms. Understanding these processes will contribute to the development of more effective CAR‐T cell therapies and strategies to mitigate treatment‐related toxicities.
Fijian Farmers' Attitude and Knowledge Towards Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Livestock Production Systems–A Qualitative Study

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health issue affecting humans and livestock. To mitigate AMR risks, responsible use of antimicrobials in livestock production systems have been advocated. Studies have reported patterns of antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock production systems; however, there is limited information on the drivers of AMU and AMR. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and understand the attitude and knowledge of Fijian livestock farmers on AMU and AMR. Livestock farmers and managers from the Central and Western divisions of Viti Levu, Fiji were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Face-to-face one-to-one semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted. Interview questions were informed by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Interview transcripts were analyzed inductively using reflexive thematic analysis and deductively using the TPB framework. A total of 19 cattle and poultry farmers took part. Our analysis generated four themes: (1) Uninformed use of antimicrobials and unaware of AMR, (2) Safeguarding livestock and generating income source as primary motivators for using antimicrobials (3) Medicine shortage results in hoarding and self-prescribing, and (4) Farm decisions on AMU and livestock management influenced by foreign farmers and veterinarians. Livestock farmers used medicines in livestock production; however, they could not differentiate amongst different types of medicine, including antimicrobials. Antimicrobials were used to prevent diseases in livestock and promote production of food and financial security but without any awareness of the risks of AMR. Additionally, farmers hoarded and self-prescribed medicines. Farmers rationed antimicrobials by not completing the entire course of antibiotics to save them for future use. Based on past experiences, farmers expressed dissatisfaction with the veterinary services provided by the government. They sought help online and from foreign farmers and veterinarians. We propose the need for antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes focused on promoting rational use of antimicrobials and awareness of AMR amongst farmers in the Fijian livestock production systems. These programmes need to consider the anthropological, socio-cultural, economic, and environmental factors driving AMU. Future studies are underway to explore the attitude and knowledge of Fijian veterinarians, para-veterinarians and pharmacists on AMU and AMR to gain a broader systems knowledge to inform the design of AMS programmes.
Thermo-mechanical evolution of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle in an extensional environment Insights from the Beni Bousera peridotite massif (Rif belt, Morocco)

Les processus de deformation controlant l'amincissement de la lithosphere continentale sont encoremal contraints. Nos connaissances sont principalement basees sur la modelisation thermomecaniqued'extension a l'echelle de la lithosphere—utilisant des lois rheologiques derivees experimentalement,l'imagerie geophysique et l'analyse de xenolithes provenant de rift continentaux actifs a ce jour, tels quele Rift Est-Africain. L'originalite de ce travail reside dans l'etude des deux plus grands massifs deperidotites sous-continentales ayant enregistrees des conditions primaires du facies a diamant: lesmassifs de Beni Bousera au nord du Maroc et de Ronda au sud de l'Espagne, respectivement. Lesstructures et la zonation petrologique et metamorphique —impliquant une evolution polybarique etpolythermique— preserveees dans ces massifs offrent une opportunite unique pour etudier l'evolutionthermo-mecanique du manteau sous-continental dans un contexte extensif.Dans ce travail, nous avons etudie les mecanismes de deformation des peridotites et despyroxenites afin de contraindre les modes d'exhumation du manteau lithospherique sous-continental,depuis des conditions du facies des lherzolites a grenat, jusqu'au facies a spinelle et enfin a plagioclase.Nous avons combine la cartographie des facies tectono-metamorphiques et des structures ductiles dedeformation, l'analyse des microstructures, la mesure d'orientations preferentielles de reseau (OPR), etla geothermobarometrie conventionelle couplee a la modelisation thermodynamique (PerpleX) afin decontraindre les conditions de pression et temperature de la deformation. Nous avons montre quel'exhumation precoce du facies a grenat au facies a spinelle etait accomodee par une faille transtensiveaffectant le manteau lithospherique. Dans ce contexte, la zonation tectono-metamorphique et legradient thermique important (ca. 100oC/km) preserves a Beni Bousera resultent de la juxtapositionmecanique de domaines lithospheriques initialement equilibres a differentes pressions et temperatures,fossilisee a une profondeur de ca. 60 km durant l'Oligocene superieur (ca. 25 Ma). L'exhumation finaledu facies de lherzolite a spinelle au facies a plagioclase et l'emplacement final dans la croute, mieuxenregistres dans Ronda, se sont produits par inversion et plissement de la section lithospheriquefortement amincie dans un contexte arriere-arc, probablement lors du retrait vers le sud de lalithosphere subduite et la collision de l'arc avec les paleo-marges maghrebines au Miocene inferieur(21-23 Ma).
Community Structure and Predicted Functions of Actively Growing Bacteria Responsive to Released Coral Mucus in Surrounding Seawater

A direct relationship exists between diverse corals and fish farming in Keten Bay, Amami-Oshima, Japan. The release of coral mucus has a significant impact on the microbial activity of surrounding seawater. To obtain a more detailed understanding of biogeochemical cycles in this environment, the effects of coral mucus on the community structure and function of bacteria in surrounding seawater need to be elucidated. We herein used a bromodeoxyuridine approach to investigate the structures and functions of bacterial communities growing close to mucus derived from two different Acropora corals, AC1 and AC2. The alpha diversities of actively growing bacteria (AGB) were lower in mucus-containing seawater than in control seawater and their community structures significantly differed, suggesting that the growth of specific bacteria was modulated by coral mucus. Rhodobacteraceae and Cryomorphaceae species were the most dominant AGB in response to the mucus of Acropora AC1 and AC2, respectively. In contrast, the growth of Actinomarinaceae, Alteromonadaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and SAR86 clade bacteria was inhibited by coral mucus. The results of a Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt2) analysis suggested that the predicted functions of AGB in mucus-containing seawater differed from those in seawater. These functions were related to the biosynthesis and degradation of the constituents of coral mucus, such as polysaccharides, sugar acids, and aromatic compounds. The present study demonstrated that complex bacterial community structures and functions may be shaped by coral mucus, suggesting that corals foster diverse bacterial communities that enhance the ecological resilience of this fish farming area.
Environmental factors and intrinsic processes affecting habitat use of European ground squirrels (Spermophilus citellus): putting science into conservation practice

In my Ph.D. thesis I investigated a few factors that influence the habitat use of the European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus; as EGS hereafter) and the Gunnison’s prairie dog (Cynomys gunnisoni; as GPD hereafter), two ecologically similar ground dwelling sciurids. I attempted to show the importance of a few extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms by which the association between the habitat and ground squirrels is maintained. EGS show a strong preference for fresh Festuca pseudovina. Insulation property of the squirrels’ fresh grass nests was superior to nests constructed from dry grass only. Our results suggest that squirrels may rely on dominant xeromorphic fescues of dry meadows because of their importance to nest building. Consequently, it can be assumed that populations will expand to unoccupied areas and survive for longer-time and reintroductions will be successful if the habitat is characterized by fescues. GPD use mounds for vigilance and it increases with taller vegetation. Vigilance is more frequent and directed outward by individuals on the periphery than those in the interior of the colony. GPD we excavates about 6.5-16.6 m3/ ha/ year, so they can be considered as ecosystem-engineers indeed. It is possible to estimate volume of burrows with our calculation method by measuring the amount of subsoil displaced in the mound. Information on volume of burrows can be applied to monitor how the size of natural or artificial burrows changes. Results of translocation experiments showed that release time should correspond to the morning activity peak of EGS, the artificial burrow with retention cap prevents panic reactions, and angled artificial burrows and medium-height grass (18 cm ± 12 SD) favour translocation success in the critical period after release. Genetic diversity of EGS populations from Hungary, Romania and Austria was higher than that of the Czech populations but all studied populations have relatively low heterozygosity in comparison with other sciurids. Nevertheless, and perhaps as a result of simultaneously acting factors the genetic diversity of populations of neighbouring regions can differ significantly. To summarize, ground squirrels are sensitive to changes in environmental factors, facilitating fluctuations in population size. Ecological sensitivity, interacting with “scramble-competition polygyny”, implies a more serious threat to the persistence of the species than possible negative effects of translocations as regards the genetic aspects. This notion is illustrated by the ongoing, rising isolation and disappearance of colonies.
Re-sleeve gastrectomy is a safe and sensible intervention in selected patients: retrospective cohort study

Introduction: Sleeve gastrectomy is a good treatment intervention to control the metabolic syndrome in patients with obesity worldwide. However, weight regain is of great concern and would usually necessitate a reintervention. In recent years, re-sleeve gastrectomy (ReSG) has been proposed to treat weight regain in the context of a large residual stomach. Our objective was to analyze the long-term results and safety profile of this intervention in a large case series. Methods: From September 2010 to March 2021, a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary nonuniversity hospital was performed. Seventy-nine patients received a ReSG by laparoscopy. Preoperative radiologic imaging showed a dilation of the gastric pouch exceeding 250 cc in all cases. Results: A total of 79 patients (87% females) with a mean age of 44.8 years old and a mean BMI of 40.0 kg/m2 were enrolled in the study. The mean follow-up was 44.8 months. The ReSG indication was insufficient weight loss in 37 patients (46.8%) and weight regain in 39 patients (53.2%). The authors noticed a 10.1% complications rate: gastric stenosis (5.1%), bleeding (2.5%), and incisional site hernia in 2.5%, with no death. There was no gastric fistula detected. The mean BMI decreased to 33.1 kg/m2 after ReSG (a decrease of 6.9 kg/m2). Conclusion: After insufficient weight loss or weight regain following sleeve gastrectomy and in the presence of localized or global gastric tube dilation, ReSG seems to be a good treatment choice and a safe procedure.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Self-esteem in Adolescents and Young Adults with Acne Vulgaris

Body dysmorphic disorder is a mental health disorder characterized by a preoccupation with a perceived flaw, which is commonly seen among dermatology patients. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of body dysmorphic disorder and assess self-esteem among a clinical sample of adolescents and young adults being managed for acne vulgaris. A total of 105 patients, age range 13–24 years, receiving acne treatment at 1 of 2 dermatology outpatient clinic were included. A self-report questionnaire was used, which included a body dysmorphic disorder screening tool (based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Acne was graded with the Cook’s acne grading scale. Out of 105 adolescents and young adults visiting a dermatologist due to acne, 13 (12.4%) screened positive for body dysmorphic disorder (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 6.8–20.2%). Patients with body dysmorphic disorder were more likely to have female gender (p = 0.020) and had lower self-esteem (RSES 15.8 vs 20.5, respectively, p = 0.013) compared with patients without body dysmorphic disorder. No differences were found in the frequency of body dysmorphic disorder with DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria. This is the first study to report on the frequency of body dysmorphic disorder and self-esteem in adolescents and young adults with acne. Ultimately, more awareness of body dysmorphic disorder among adolescents and young adults presenting with dermatological disorders could lead to more rapid recognition and referral to psychiatric units. SIGNIFICANCE Body dysmorphic disorder is commonly seen within adult dermatological settings, although research on adolescents and young adults with skin conditions and body dysmorphic disorder is sparse. The current study shows that approximately 1 in 8 patients between 13 and 24 years of age seeking dermatological care due to acne screen positive for this mental health disorder. This finding is relevant, as recognizing body dysmorphic disorder can be challenging, and often invasive and unwarranted treatments, such as oral isotretinoin therapy, are prescribed (which are unlikely to significantly reduce body dysmorphic disorder symptom severity). More awareness of mental health symptoms among adolescents and young adults with skin conditions could help dermatologists make more rapid diagnoses and improve long-term outcomes for these patients.
Effect of remineralizing agent on laser and nonlaser bleached enamel surfaces subjected to erosion: An in vitro study

Aim: Assessment of remineralizing agent’s effect on laser and nonlaser bleached enamel surfaces subjected to erosion. Materials and Methods: In this study, 80 extracted human permanent anteriors were collected and divided into 4 groups with 20 teeth per sample. Enamel specimen of 3 mm × 3 mm were made using polyvinyl chloride rings and acrylic and randomly divided into four groups. Then the specimens were subjected to initial microhardness test using Vicker’s hardness tester (AVK-CO, Mitutoyo, Japan). Two indentations were placed at 100 mm from one another in the center of all the samples. Bleaching with laser and without laser using hydrogen peroxide was performed followed by remineralization in the groups (Groups 1a and 2a) and then were subjected to erosion. The final hardness was measured using the above method used for initial microhardness. Results: Microhardness in the remineralized groups showed least variation. The group in which laser bleaching was performed along with remineralization as compared with nonlaser bleaching group with remineralization showed improvement in microhardness but the data was not statistically significant. A significant difference was noted between the laser and remineralization group when compared with the groups in which no remineralization was done. Conclusion: After bleaching the enamel surface is more prone to erosion, so to improve the microhardness of bleached enamel a remineralizing agent should be used. A combination of diode laser bleaching and remineralizing agents leads to improved microhardness of the bleached enamel thus proving this combination to be efficacious.
Impact of knowledge management on job satisfaction and organizational performance among healthcare employees: A structural equation modeling approach

Organizational knowledge management (KM) involves creating, preserving, and sharing employees' knowledge. This approach can enhance efficiency, improve performance, and boost job satisfaction (JS) throughout all aspects of the organization. This research aimed to investigate the effect of three variables of KM, JS, and organizational performance (OP) on the employees of the Health and Treatment Network in Haji Abad City.