Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sequential introduction of honeybee colonies and doubling their density increases cross-pollination, fruit-set and yield in ‘Red Delicious’ apple

Summary The ‘Red Delicious’ apple exhibits full self-incompatibility, therefore its fruit production depends totally on cross pollination, especially by honeybees, which are the ultimate apple pollinators. In the present study, the technique of sequential introduction of honeybee colonies and doubling their density was applied to determine effects on yield. In three consecutive season it was found that sequentially increasing the density of colonies in the apple orchards from 2.5 colonies per ha. , as recommended previously, to 5.0 colonies per ha, and introducing them sequentially (half at the 10% full bloom (FB) and half at FB), increased the number of bees per tree, their mobility among the rows, and the proportion of “topworkers” compared with “sideworkers” . It seems that a large number of foragers per tree directly increases the amount of pollination, high bee mobility between rows increases the amount of cross-pollination, and a high proportion of “topworkers” increases pollination efficiency. All the above effects were expressed in higher fruit set and higher yield (50–100%) in the treatment plots.
Effectiveness of pH adjusted lidocaine versus commercial lidocaine for maxillary infiltration anesthesia

In this study, alkalinizetion of commercial local anesthetic solution was attempted in order to determine its effect on onset and pain experienced during injection as well as its effect on depth of anesthesia achieved for maxillary tooth extraction. Total 200 patients participated and randomly distributed into two groups, 100 patients for each. The first group received maxillary infiltration anesthesia for extraction of maxillary tooth with commercial local anesthetic solution at pH 3.5, and the second group received the same injection with alkalinized solution to pH 7.2 using sodium bicarbonate 8.4%. The result of this study showed a significant rapid onset in pH adjusted group comparing to control group. Significant difference noticed between both groups regarding pain noticed during injection with less pain experienced in study group. No significant difference in the depth of anesthesia achieved. When data assessed for patients with periapical lesion only, a significant difference noticed between pH adjusted group comparing to control group and less pain recorded during extraction with enhanced depth of anesthesia achieved in study group. In conclusion, pH adjusted anesthesia, although not recommended routinely, co-uld be used to reduce injection pain when severe pain on injection expected. Also, it could be used for patient with periapical lesion to enhance depth of anesthesia.
Cryopreservation of in vitro-grown shoot tips of strawberry by the vitrification method using aluminium cryo-plates

Cryopreservation using an aluminium cryo-plate was successfully applied to in vitro-grown strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) shoot tips. The shoots were cold-hardened at 5°C for 3 weeks with an 8-h photoperiod. The shoot tips (1.5–2.0 mm × 0.5–1.0 mm) were dissected from the shoot and pre-cultured at 5°C for 2 d on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2 M glycerol and 0.3 M sucrose. The pre-cultured shoot tips were placed on the aluminium cryo-plate containing ten wells embedded in alginate gel. Osmoprotection was performed by immersing the cryo-plates in a loading solution (2 M glycerol and 0.8 M sucrose) for 30 min at 25°C. Dehydration was performed by immersing the cryo-plates in plant vitrification solution 2 for 50 min at 25°C. Then, the cryo-plate with shoot tips was transferred into an uncapped cryotube that was held on a cryo-cane and directly immersed into liquid nitrogen (LN). After storage in LN, shoot tips attached to the cryo-plate were directly immersed into 2 ml of a 1 M sucrose solution for regeneration. Using this procedure, the average regrowth level of vitrified shoot tips of 15 strawberry cultivars reached 81%. This new method has many advantages and will facilitate the cryostorage of strawberry germplasm.
Minimum Trading Unit and Investor Base, Liquidity, Noise Trading, and Brokerage Promotion

This paper provides a comprehensive study of the impact of changes in lot size or the Minimum Trade Unit (MTU) on the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE). The event of the MTU changes in Japan provides an ideal setting to explore several interesting issues related to the investor base, liquidity, noise trading, brokerage commission, and stock value. From a sample of 118 TSE listed firms that reduced their MTU during the 19962000 period, we find a substantial increase in the number of individual investors and improvement in liquidity for small trades. Our results suggest that there is a shift in order flow from large to small trades after the MTU change: trading activity for small-size trades intensifies while activity for large trades dwindles. Our investigation of return volatility also reveals that noise trading increases as more uninformed, small investors enter the market after the MTU change. Further, MTU changes appear to attract more brokerage firms to cover the stock, possibly induced by increased commission income. Our empirical results support the idea that the expanded investor base, improved liquidity, and enhanced brokerage efforts to market the stocks are significantly associated with the rise in the stock value around the MTU change. JEL Classification: G10, G15, G20
Using sensitivity analyses to evaluate behaviour factor for mixed masonry-RC buildings in Lisbon

The reliable estimation of the behaviour factor is still nowadays a relevant issue, since linear analysis is certainly one of the most used procedure for the seismic design or assessment of structures in the engineering offices. Even that a range of values for structural behaviour factor for different construction system is provided in the document of the code, detailed values for each typology should be defined regarding the characteristic of masonry structures. Therefore, in this work, the behaviour factor is evaluated for mixed masonry-reinforced concrete (“Placa”) buildings in Lisbon. The behaviour factor is estimated by nonlinear static sensitivity analyses. Within sensitivity analyses, aleatory (in terms of mechanical parameters) and epistemic (in terms of structural and construction characteristics) uncertainties are considered. Considered uncertainties are important, due to the wide variety of material and construction details for masonry and mixed masonry-reinforced concrete buildings. The main results of the performed study are presented in this paper. Resumo Atualmente, a estimativa cuidada do fator de comportamento é ainda um assunto relevante, uma vez que as análises lineares são um dos procedimentos mais utilizados nos gabinetes de engenharia civil para o dimensionamento e a avaliação sísmica de estruturas. Apesar de uma gama de valores dos coeficientes de comportamento estrutural para diferentes sistemas de construção ser fornecida nos Eurocódigos, estes também deveriam ser definidos de forma detalhada para cada tipologia atendendo às características das estruturas de alvenaria. Deste modo, neste estudo, o fator de comportamento é avaliado para estruturas mistas de alvenariabetão armado existentes na cidade de Lisboa. Este fator é definido com base nos resultados obtidos de análises estáticas não lineares sob a forma de análises de sensibilidade. Dentro das análises de sensibilidade consideraram--se incertezas aleatórias (relativamente aos parâmetros mecânicos) e epistémicas (relativamente às características estruturais e construtivas). Estas incertezas são importantes, devido à grande variedade do material e dos detalhes construtivos utilizados nos edifícios de alvenaria e nos edifícios mistos de alvenaria-betão armado. Os resultados mais relevantes deste estudo encontram-se apresentados neste artigo.
Organic source induced silica on leaf folder, stem borer and gall midge population and rice yield.

Experiments were carried out in field conditions to analyse the effect of induced resistance on certain major pests of rice viz., leaf folder, stem borer and gall midge. The population of these insects were assessed at regular intervals on plants imposed with treatments including neem cake (NC),farm yard manure (FYM), Azospirillum (Azos), phosphobacterium (Phos), Silicate Solublising Bacteria (SSB) and lignite fly ash(LFA). The results revealed that the combination of FYM, three biofertilizers, lignite fly ash and neem cake applied in splits significantly reduced the incidence leaf folder (76.69%), stem borer (58.66 ) and gall midge (66.81%) as compared to NPK applied as inorganic form. The insect population was correlated with silica content and it was analysed in the leaf sheath and laminae of plants treated with organic sources of nutrients. As the age of the plant increased, silica content proportionately increased in the plants. There was significant difference in silica content on 45 and 60 DAT among treatments. The treatment viz., application of three biofertilizers, lignite fly ash along with FYM and neem cake either as basal (7.8%) or in splits recorded high silica content (8.10 %) as compared to other treatments.It was found that the occurrence of these major insects was negatively correlated with silica content. Correlation values between silica and insects were -0.789 for leaf folder, -0.930 for stem borer and -0.958 for gall midge. The main cause for the death of insects due to fly ash application was wearing of mandibles and main feeding organs of insects which resulted in functionless mandibles so that the insects of paddy die without food. Further, the incidence of major insects was negatively correlated with yield. Application of organic sources of nutritions significantly increased the rice grain yield. The treatment with biofertilizers, lignite fly ash, FYM and neem cake in splits recorded significantly higher grain yield (5.49 t/ha) which was on a par with NPK applied plots (5.38 t/ha). and the per cent increase in yield over NPK was 2%. It is concluded that application of organic sources of nutrition reduced the incidence of leaf folder, stem borer and gall midge and increased the yield in rice.
131001 Kadhim 2020 E.docx

The purpose of the current article is to investigate the influence of innovative strategies such as creative strategies, innovation and organisational learning on customer knowledge management (CKM), with the help of the moderating role of organisational culture. The students of selected private universities are the respondents of the study, and a questionnaire method was adopted to collect the data, while PLS-SEM was used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that innovative capabilities, includeing: creative strategies, innovation and organisational learning have positive links with CKM. The results also found that organisational culture plays a moderating role among the links of innovation capabilities and CKM. These findings provide guidelines to policy makers, suggesting that they should improve their focus towards innovation capabilities, along with organisational cultures that enhance the knowledge management regarding the customer and enhance organisational performance as a result.
Laughter Therapy as an Intervention to Promote Psychological Well-Being

Laughter might be thought of as an audible expression or appearance of inward, positive feelings of happiness and joy. Laughter is physical reaction to human consisting of rhythmical and audible contraction of the diaphragm and other parts of respiratory systems. Laughter is a response to external or internal stimuli or both. It is sometimes seen as contagious in that laughter from one person can provoke laughter to others. Laughter is beneficial to the human body. It produces endorphin chemical in the body which works in the brain to bring feeling of contentment. Laughter provides an outlet for negative emotions and provides effective coping mechanism for distress. It stimulates physiological system that decreases levels of stress hormones such as cortisol and epinephrine and increasing activation of dopamine rewards system of the brain. Laughter is a positive sensation and seems to be an effective way of overcoming socialeconomic stress in our modern competitive society. Laughter therapy, as a non-pharmacological, alternative treatment has a positive effect on physiological well-being. The article examines research evidence for the notion that laughter has beneficial effects on psychological and physiological well-being. Theoretical mechanism for such effects will be discussed as well. Empirical evidence for the benefit of humour and laughter will be
STATUS OF THE NONINDIGENOUS CRAB, HEMIGRAPSUS SANGUINEUS, AT GREENWICH POINT, CONNECTICUT

The purpose of this study was to assess the status of the newly introduced Japanese shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) at Greenwich Point, Connecticut and consider its population size relative to the crab populations already established at that location. A survey was conducted during the summer of 1997, and consisted of randomly sampling 0.5 m2 plots along the exposed rocky intertidal zone. A total of 1,103 crabs was captured, and more Japanese shore crabs were found per sample than all other crab species combined. The data suggest that H. sanguineus is well established at Greenwich Point.
Self-Attentive Classification-Based Anomaly Detection in Unstructured Logs

The detection of anomalies is an essential data mining task for achieving security and reliability in computer systems. Logs are a common and major data source for anomaly detection methods in almost every computer system. Recent studies have focused predominantly on one-class deep learning methods on manually specified log representations. The main limitation is that these models are not able to learn log representations describing the semantic differences between normal and anomaly logs, leading to a poor generalization on unseen logs. We propose Logsy, a classification-based method to learn log representations that allow to distinguish between normal system log data and anomaly samples from auxiliary log datasets, easily accessible via the internet. The idea behind such an approach to anomaly detection is that the auxiliary dataset is sufficiently informative to enhance the representation of the normal data, yet diverse to regularize against overfitting and improve generalization. We perform several experiments on publicly available datasets to evaluate the performance and properties, where we show improvement of 0.25 in F1 compared to previous methods.
Near Optimal Adversarial Attack on UCB Bandits

We consider a stochastic multi-arm bandit problem where rewards are subject to adversarial corruption. We propose a novel attack strategy that manipulates a UCB principle into pulling some non-optimal target arm $T - o(T)$ times with a cumulative cost that scales as $\sqrt{\log T}$, where $T$ is the number of rounds. We also prove the first lower bound on the cumulative attack cost. Our lower bound matches our upper bound up to $\log \log T$ factors, showing our attack to be near optimal.
Fifteen Years of Progress at Zero Velocity: A Review

Fifteen years have passed since the publication of Foxlin’s seminal paper “Pedestrian tracking with shoe-mounted inertial sensors”. In addition to popularizing the zero-velocity update, Foxlin also hinted that the optimal parameter tuning of the zero-velocity detector is dependent on, for example, the user’s gait speed. As demonstrated by the recent influx of related studies, the question of how to properly design a robust zero-velocity detector is still an open research question. In this review, we first recount the history of foot-mounted inertial navigation and characterize the main sources of error, thereby motivating the need for a robust solution. Following this, we systematically analyze current approaches to robust zero-velocity detection, while categorizing public code and data. The article concludes with a discussion on commercialization along with guidance for future research.
Outdegree conditions forcing short cycles in digraphs

Given a positive integer $m\ge 3$, let $ch(m)$ be the smallest positive constant with the following property: \emph{ Every simple directed graph on $n\ge 3$ vertices all whose outdegrees are at least $ch(m)\cdot n$ contains a directed cycle of length at most $m$. } Caccetta and Haggkvist conjectured that $ch(m)=1/m$, which if true, would be the best possible. In this paper, we prove the following result: \emph{ For every integer $m\ge 3$, let $\alpha(m)$ be the unique real root in $(0,1)$ of the equation} \begin{equation*} (1-x)^{m-2}=\frac{3x}{2-x}. \end{equation*} Then $ch(m)\le \alpha(m)$. This generalizes results of Shen who proved that $ch(3)\le 3-\sqrt{7}<0.35425$, and Liang and Xu who showed that $ch(4)< 0.28866$ and $ch(5)<0.24817$. We then slightly improve the above inequality by using the minimum feedback arc set approach initiated by Chudnovsky, Seymour, and Sullivan. This results in extensions of the findings of Hamburger, Haxell and Kostochka (in the case $m=3$), and Liang and Xu (in the case $m=4$).
Learning low-frequency temporal patterns for quantitative trading

We develop a modularised mechanistic online machine learning framework to learn signals in low-frequency financial time series data. The framework is proved on daily sampled closing time-series data from JSE equity markets. The input patterns are vectors of pre-processed sequences of daily, weekly and monthly or quarterly sampled feature changes. The data processing is split into a batch processed step where features are learnt using a stacked autoencoder via unsupervised learning, and then both batch and online supervised learning are carried out using these learnt features. The outputs are a vector of point predictions of measured time-series feature fluctuations. Weight initializations are implemented with restricted Boltzmann machine pre-training, and variance based initializations. Historical simulations are run using an online feedforward neural network initialised with the weights from the batch training and validation step. The extent of backtest overfitting is determined using both combinatorially symmetrical cross validation and probabilistic and deflated Sharpe ratios. Results are used to develop a view on the phenomenology of financial markets and the value of complex historical data-analysis for trading under the unstable adaptive dynamics that characterise financial markets.
A characterization of Conway-Coxeter friezes of zigzag type by rational links

The present paper show that Conway-Coxeter friezes of zigzag type are characterized by (unoriented) rational links. As an application of this characterization Jones polynomial can be defined for Conway-Coxeter friezes of zigzag type. This gives a new method for computing the Jones polynomial for oriented rational links.
A Year-long Superoutburst from an Ultracompact White Dwarf Binary Reveals the Importance of Donor Star Irradiation

SDSS J080710+485259 is the longest-period outbursting ultracompact white dwarf binary. Its first-ever detected superoutburst started in 2018 November and lasted for a year, the longest detected so far for any short orbital period accreting white dwarf. Here we show the superoutburst duration of SDSS J080710+485259 exceeds the ∼2 month viscous time of its accretion disk by a factor of about 5. Consequently it follows that neither the empirical relation nor the theoretical relation between the orbital period and the superoutburst duration for AM CVn systems. Six months after the end of the superoutburst the binary remained 0.4 mag brighter than its quiescent level before the superoutburst. We detect a variable X-ray behavior during the post-outburst cooling phase, demonstrating changes in the mass accretion rate. We discuss how irradiation of the donor star, a scenario poorly explored so far and that ultimately can have important consequences for AM CVns as gravitational-wave sources, might explain the unusual observed features of the superoutburst.
Interplanetary Radio Emission: A Summary of Recent Results

This paper summarizes some recent results in the low-frequency radio physics of the Sun. The spatial domain covers the space from the outer corona to the orbit of Earth. The results obtained make use of radio dynamic spectra and white-light coronagraph images and involve radio bursts associated with solar eruptions and those occurring outside solar eruptions. In particular, the connection between type II radio bursts and the sustained gamma-ray emission from the Sun is highlighted. The directivity of interplanetary type IV bursts found recently is discussed to understand the physical reason behind it. A new event showing the diffuse interplanetary radio emission (DIRE) is introduced and its properties are compared with those of regular type II bursts. The DIRE is from the flanks of a CME-driven shock propagating through nearby streamer. Finally, a new noise storm observed by two spacecraft is briefly discussed to highlight its evolution over two solar rotations including the disruption and recovery by solar eruptions.
GA-MSSR: Genetic Algorithm Maximizing Sharpe and Sterling Ratio Method for RoboTrading

Foreign exchange is the largest financial market in the world, and it is also one of the most volatile markets. Technical analysis plays an important role in the forex market and trading algorithms are designed utilizing machine learning techniques. Most literature used historical price information and technical indicators for training. However, the noisy nature of the market affects the consistency and profitability of the algorithms. To address this problem, we designed trading rule features that are derived from technical indicators and trading rules. The parameters of technical indicators are optimized to maximize trading performance. We also proposed a novel cost function that computes the risk-adjusted return, Sharpe and Sterling Ratio (SSR), in an effort to reduce the variance and the magnitude of drawdowns. An automatic robotic trading (RoboTrading) strategy is designed with the proposed Genetic Algorithm Maximizing Sharpe and Sterling Ratio model (GA-MSSR) model. The experiment was conducted on intraday data of 6 major currency pairs from 2018 to 2019. The results consistently showed significant positive returns and the performance of the trading system is superior using the optimized rule-based features. The highest return obtained was 320% annually using 5-minute AUDUSD currency pair. Besides, the proposed model achieves the best performance on risk factors, including maximum drawdowns and variance in return, comparing to benchmark models. The code can be accessed at https://github.com/zzzac/rule-based-forextrading-system