Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR): Review

In recent years, there has been a growing amount of interest in the possibility that inadequate maternal hemodynamic adaptations to the pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) are connected. It has been suggested that "placental syndromes," such as preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR), may be linked to later maternal cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The two subtypes of FGR have distinct clinical and pathogenetic characteristics. It is thought that poor trophoblastic invasion of the maternal spiral arteries during placentation is a major factor in the development of early-onset PE and FGR. A pre-existing or subsequent cardiovascular impairment may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of early-onset FGR because placental functioning is dependent on the cardiovascular system of the mother. A primary abnormal placentation in the first trimester does not appear to be the factor that determines late FGR. A primary cardiovascular maladaptation in the mother may be the cause of the pathological pathway of late-onset FGR: The CV system displays a profile that is flat and remains comparable to that of non-pregnant women. A hypovolemic state could result in placental hypoperfusion, altered villous tree maturation, and altered fetal growth during the second trimester, when the placenta is already developed and has a higher functional demand. As a result, the focus of this review is on the possible connection between placentation and maternal cardiac function during pregnancy and the onset and progression of FGR. A superior comprehension of maternal hemodynamics in pregnancies confounded by FGR could get different advantages in clinical work, further developing screening and therapeutic tools.
Understanding Anomalous Synoptic Eddy Vorticity Forcing in Pacific–North American Teleconnection Pattern Events

Utilizing a decomposition of anomalous eddy vorticity forcing (EVF) proposed by Song in 2016 and a modified Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) dynamical core atmospheric model, this study provides a different understanding of physical mechanisms that are responsible for the formation of the anomalous synoptic EVF (SEVF) associated with Pacific–North American teleconnection pattern (PNA) events. A series of short-term control experiments (CEs) and initial-value modified experiments (IVMEs) is conducted. In each case of CEs, there are no obvious PNA-like circulation anomalies. IVMEs are exactly the same as CEs except that appropriate small perturbations are introduced into the initial-value fields of CEs. The modified initial-value fields led to a gradual development of the PNA-like flow anomalies in IVMEs. Based on these numerical results, deformations of the synoptic eddy due to the emergence of the PNA pattern can be easily acquired by subtracting the synoptic eddy in CEs from the synoptic eddy in IVMEs . The anomalous SEVF associated with the PNA events in the model can be decomposed into ensembles of two linear and interaction terms (EVF1 and EVF2) and a nonlinear self-interaction term (EVF3). It is demonstrated that the physical essence of the anomalous SEVF associated with the PNA events is a competition result between EVF1 plus EVF2 and EVF3. Results also indicate that the different signs of SEVF associated with the positive and negative PNA events are not necessarily related to the different tilts of the synoptic eddy.
Effects of Commercial Exergames and Conventional Exercises on Improving Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background Exergames are promising exercise tools for improving health. To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review has compared the effects of commercial exergames and conventional exercises on improving executive functions (EFs) in children and adolescents. Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of commercial exergames and conventional exercises on improving EFs in children and adolescents. Methods Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, 5 randomized controlled trial (RCT) databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from their inception to July 7, 2022, to identify relevant RCTs. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias for each study. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) was used to evaluate the overall quality of evidence. Results In total, 8 RCTs including 435 children and adolescents were included in the analysis. Commercial exergames had no significant benefit on overall EFs compared to conventional exercises (Hedges g=1.464, 95% CI –0.352 to 3.280; P=.06). For core EFs, there was no evidence to suggest that commercial exergames are more beneficial for improving cognitive flexibility (g=0.906, 95% CI –0.274 to 2.086; P=.13), inhibitory control (g=1.323, 95% CI –0.398 to 3.044; P=.13), or working memory (g=2.420, 95% CI –1.199 to 6.038; P=.19) than conventional exercises. We rated the evidence for overall EFs, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, and working memory as being of very low quality due to inconsistency (large heterogeneity) and imprecision (low number of people). Additionally, no effects of the intervention were observed in the acute and chronic groups. Conclusions We do not have strong evidence to support the benefit of commercial exergaming on EFs because we did not observe a Hedges g close to 0 with tight CIs. Further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42022324111; https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=324111
Metamorphic P–T conditions, in‐situ LA–ICP–MS biotite–muscovite Rb–Sr geochronology and tectonic implications of two‐mica–quartz schist from the Kuanping Group in the North Qinling Orogenic Belt

The Kuanping Group is an important lithotectonic unit in the North Qinling Tectonic Belt, which has experienced metamorphism from greenschist to high amphibolite facies and is of great significance in defining the orogenic process of the Qinling Orogenic Belt. This study presents the results of petrology, geothermobarometry, phase equilibrium modelling, in‐situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) biotite–muscovite Rb–Sr analysis, for the two‐mica–quartz schist of the Kuanping Group in the Hongtuling and Heihe areas. These results are employed to better understand their metamorphic P–T conditions and ages, as well as geological implications. Garnet‐bearing two‐mica–quartz schist in the Hongtuling area records a clockwise P–T trajectory on the basis of phase equilibrium modelling, with peak P–T conditions of ~600°C and ~0.85 GPa. In addition, the Ti‐in‐biotite thermometry yielded metamorphic temperature conditions of ~578°C–580°C and ~590°C–596°C for the garnet‐bearing two‐mica–quartz schist from the Hongtuling area and the two‐mica–quartz schist from the Heihe area, respectively. These results indicate that metamorphic temperature conditions in both areas are higher than the closure temperature of the Rb–Sr isotopic system of muscovite and biotite. In‐situ LA–ICP–MS biotite and muscovite Rb–Sr analyses yielded three groups of isochron age, i.e., ca. 410 Ma, ca. 360 Ma and ca. 320–300 Ma. On the basis of previously published data and the data in this study, the Kuanping Group underwent ca. 440 Ma regional metamorphism in the NQB, retrograde cooling at ca. 410–360 Ma due to exhumation and ca. 320–300 Ma tectonothermal overprinting.
Amplification of the parametric dynamical Casimir effect via optimal control

We introduce different strategies to enhance photon generation in a cavity within the Rabi model in the ultrastrong coupling regime. We show that a bang-bang strategy allows to enhance the effect of up to one order of magnitude with respect to simply driving the system in resonance for a fixed time. Moreover, up to about another order of magnitude can be gained exploiting quantum optimal control strategies. Finally, we show that such optimized protocols are robust with respect to systematic errors and noise, paving the way to future experimental implementations of such strategies.
The influence of global climate change on air and soil temperatures in maize canopy

On the basis of the climate scenarios downscaled to Hungary from the IPCC Report (IPCC, 2007) by Bartholy et al. (2007), we performed sensitivity analyses on air temperature in maize canopy. We created the scenario for 2071-2100 by using Goudriaan's (1977) simulation model (Crop Microclimate Simulation Model, CMSM). We selected eight scenarios including the control (1961-1990), one of them examined the changes of the past decade, another one did the impacts of the doubled atmospheric CO 2 concentration. The remaining five scenarios contained different degrees of warming-up beside the doubled atmospheric CO 2 concentration as it follows: scenarios with +3.8, +4.8, +6.0, and two ones with +9.0 °C; the latter two differed only in the quantity of precipitation. Each approach increased the air temperature in maize canopy depending on the degree of warming-up. The changes already occurring in the environmental factors in the past decade increased the air temperature at cob level by 0.6 °C. The presence of plant canopy, however, mitigated the degree of warming-up, likely owing to the shadowing effect of the canopy. We should not ignore the fact that the compensating effect of the canopy depends on the canopy structure determined by the humidity supply. The analysis results made available local level information for the potential users that can provide apparent help in the preparation for the mitigation of adverse impacts of the expected changes.
Effect of silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) protein on colon cancer in nude mice: inhibition of tumor growth, oxidative stress and inflammatory response

Silkworm pupa (bombyx mori) protein (SPP) is a potential therapeutic bioactive substance that has anti-tumor activity against breast, liver, and gastric cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effect of SPP on colon cancer nude mice. Using a subcutaneous tumor formation method, we validated the therapeutic effect of SPP on colon cancer nude mice in vivo. Results showed that SPP was cytotoxic to tumor cells. SPP could protect the liver of the nude mice by lowering hepatic oxidative stress and regulating serum inflammation levels by decreasing TNF-α and IL-2 levels while in-creasing INF-γ levels. In addition, diminished Ki-67 protein, enhanced cleaved caspase-3 protein, di-minished Vimentin, enhanced E-cadherin. These findings suggested that SPP’s antitumor activity may be achieved by reducing inflammation, inhibiting tumor proliferation and metastasis, and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. In the future, SPP could be used as an anticancer drug, potentially providing a new source of drugs for the treatment of colon cancer.
DTI-Based Multiscale Models for Glioma Invasion

Certain brain tumours are very hard to treat with radiotherapy due to their irregular shape caused by the infiltrative nature of the tumour cells. To enhance the estimation of the tumour extent one may use a mathematical model. As the brain structure plays an important role for the cell migration, it has to be included in such a model. This is done via diffusion-MRI data. We set up a multiscale model class accounting among others for integrin-mediated movement of cancer cells in the brain tissue, and the integrin-mediated proliferation. Moreover, we model a novel chemotherapy in combination with standard radiotherapy. Thereby, we start on the cellular scale in order to describe migration. Then we deduce mean-field equations on the mesoscopic (cell density) scale on which we also incorporate cell proliferation. To reduce the phase space of the mesoscopic equation, we use parabolic scaling and deduce an effective description in the form of a reaction-convection-diffusion equation on the macroscopic spatio-temporal scale. On this scale we perform three dimensional numerical simulations for the tumour cell density, thereby incorporating real diffusion tensor imaging data. To this aim, we present programmes for the data processing taking the raw medical data and processing it to the form to be included in the numerical simulation. Thanks to the reduction of the phase space, the numerical simulations are fast enough to enable application in clinical practice.
On the Setup of a Test Bench for Predicting Laminar-to-Turbulent Transition on a Flat Plate

At turbomachinery relevant flow conditions the boundary layers are often transitional with laminar-to-turbulent transition occurring. The characteristics of the main flow can depend highly on the state of the boundary layer. Therefore it can be vitally important for the designer to understand the process of laminar-to-turbulent transition and to determine the position and length of the transitional region. In this paper the flow over a flat plate is experimentally studied in order to investigate and better understand transitional flow. Preston tube measurements as well as a thermographic camera system were performed for two different inlet velocities in order to determine the position of the transitional zone. The results of the experiment are compared to numerical flow solutions using a common transition model to determine its capability. The simulation has been performed with the two commercial codes CFX and Fluent by Ansys and an in-house code called LINARS. As a result of this study, a better understanding of the experimental and numerical methods for determining transition shall be given.
Robust Multi-Object Tracking With Local Appearance and Stable Motion Models

Multi-object tracking (MOT) has been steadily studied for video understanding in computer vision. However, existing MOT frameworks usually employ straightforward appearance or motion models and may struggle in dynamic environments with similar appearance and complex motion. In this paper, we present a robust MOT framework with local appearance and stable motion models to overcome these two hindrances. The framework incorporates object and local part detectors, a feature extractor, a keypoint extractor, and a data association method. For the data association, we utilize five types of similarity metrics and a cascaded matching strategy. The local appearance model is suggested to be used additionally with global appearance features of full bounding boxes to obtain discriminative features even for objects with a similar appearance. At the same time, the stable motion model considers the core of the body as the central point of the object and subdivides the body using a novel 12-tuple Kalman state vector to analyze complex motion. As a result, our new tracker achieves state-of-the-art performance on the DanceTrack test set, surpassing all other listed tracking systems in terms of both detection and tracking quality metrics, obtaining 61.3 HOTA, 82.3 DetA, 45.8 AssA, and 91.7 MOTA. The source code is available at https://github.com/Jubi-Hwang/Robust-MOT-with-Local-Appearance-and-Stable-Motion-Models.
Selective flocculation and recovery of chrome from plants limes using starch and sodium oleate as flocculants

plant in the north west province of South Africa was conducted using raw corn starch and sodium oleate as flocculants and sodium silicate a dispersant was applied on. Limited work has been reported on the flocculation of non-synthetic chrome slimes. The results showed that a slime sample with a chrome (Cr 2 O 3 ) head grade of 22.92% was upgraded to a maximum concentrate grade of 42.55% at a sodium oleate dosage of 88 g/ton slurry , a sodium silicate dosage of 44 g/ton slurry , 39.61% at a starch dosage of 106 g/ton slurry and sodium silicate dosage of 62 g/ton slurry . The corresponding recoveries using sodium oleate as a flocculent were between 80–89% and 73–79% for starch. Sodium oleate showed a better performance than starch in terms of both grade and recovery. Decantation washing tests showed that the chrome (Cr 2 O 3 ) grade of the concentrate can be further increased to above 44%. These results are very encouraging as they indicate that selective floccula - tion can achieve satisfactory upgrade ratios and recovery when processing chrome ultrafine or slime material.
Inherently Fluorescent Peanut-Shaped Polymersomes for Active Cargo Transportation

Nanomotors have been extensively explored for various applications in nanomedicine, especially in cargo transportation. Motile properties enable them to deliver pharmaceutical ingredients more efficiently to the targeted site. However, it still remains a challenge to design motor systems that are therapeutically active and can also be effectively traced when taken up by cells. Here, we designed a nanomotor with integrated fluorescence and therapeutic potential based on biodegradable polymersomes equipped with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) agents. The AIE segments provided the polymersomes with autofluorescence, facilitating the visualization of cell uptake. Furthermore, the membrane structure enabled the reshaping of the AIE polymersomes into asymmetric, peanut-shaped polymersomes. Upon laser irradiation, these peanut polymersomes not only displayed fluorescence, but also produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Because of their specific shape, the ROS gradient induced motility in these particles. As ROS is also used for cancer cell treatment, the peanut polymersomes not only acted as delivery vehicles but also as therapeutic agents. As an integrated platform, these peanut polymersomes therefore represent an interesting delivery system with biomedical potential.
On semi-symmetric metric connection in sub-Riemannian manifold

The authors firstly in this paper define a semi-symmetric metric non-holonomic connection (in briefly, SS-connection) on sub-Riemannian manifolds. An invariant under a SS-connection transformation is obtained. The authors then further give a result that a sub-Riemannian manifold $(M,V_{0},g,\bar{\nabla})$ is locally horizontally flat if and only if $M$ is horizontally conformally flat and horizontally Ricci flat.
Hydrothermal alteration of chevkinite: insights from natural rocks and experiments

: Macdonald, R. and Bagiński, B. 2022. Hydrothermal alteration of chevkinite: insights from natural rocks and experiments. Acta Geologica Polonica , 72 (4), 413–421. Warszawa. The contributions of the members of the Department of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Warsaw, to the study of the chevkinite-group of minerals (CGM) are described. The range of research topics includes: (i) geochemical and mineralogical studies of natural occurrences of the group, and attempts to relate their chemical composition to host lithology; (ii) detailed analysis of the hydrothermal alteration of CGM in various settings, with the aim of understanding element redistribution and the potential implications for ore formation. An ongoing series of high P-T experiments is providing quantitative information on the pressures, temperatures and melt water conditions under which the alteration assemblages have formed. Various spectroscopic techniques are being used to determine the structure of the CGM and to identify cation distribution in the structures.
A Real-Time Road Boundary Detection Approach in Surface Mine Based on Meta Random Forest

Efficient and accurate road boundary detection is a fundamental building component of the perception system for autonomous driving. Specially, the challenges for road boundary detection in surface mine are high generalization error of model and difficulty in boundary generation, which caused by diversity of samples along with scarcity for corresponding samples and complexity of terrain respectively. Therefore, a novel road boundary detection framework, which execute in a high efficiency way with considerable performance, is proposed for the problems mentioned above. Firstly, point cloud pre-processing methods, including point cloud down-sampling, filtering and clustering, are conducted for achieving clusters of objects in surface mine. Then, a meta random forest classification method, which combines meta learning and random forest for enhancing the generalization ability of the model and overcoming sample scarcity of surface mine, is proposed for classifying point cloud clusters of retaining wall on both side of the road. At last, the boundary of unstructured road is generated by conducting a series of post-processing methods corresponds to the unevenness and irregularity of unstructured road. Experiments are carried out on the collected and labeled datasets of surface mine. The results illustrate that our proposed method can effectively detect road boundary of surface mine in real-time with considerable performance.
Role of Personality Traits in the Academic Performance of University Students

This study aims to investigate the role of personality traits in the academic performance of undergraduate students. The participant sample consisted of N = 300 undergraduate students across 20 disciplines throughout the four-year undergraduate degree program at the university. A survey method was used to gather data from 300 participants on the variables of academic performance that were measured via the self-reported Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI-2) for personality assessment as developed by Soto and John (2017). A correlational analysis between Conscientiousness of the Big-Five Personality Inventory and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) found a significant positive correlation between Conscientiousness and CGPA only. No other personality trait correlated to CGPA in the present study. The conclusion drawn from the present study is that high achievers have high levels of conscientiousness.
Chemogenetic manipulation of astrocyte activity at the synapse— a gateway to manage brain disease

Astrocytes are the major glial cell type in the central nervous system (CNS). Initially regarded as supportive cells, it is now recognized that this highly heterogeneous cell population is an indispensable modulator of brain development and function. Astrocytes secrete neuroactive molecules that regulate synapse formation and maturation. They also express hundreds of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that, once activated by neurotransmitters, trigger intracellular signalling pathways that can trigger the release of gliotransmitters which, in turn, modulate synaptic transmission and neuroplasticity. Considering this, it is not surprising that astrocytic dysfunction, leading to synaptic impairment, is consistently described as a factor in brain diseases, whether they emerge early or late in life due to genetic or environmental factors. Here, we provide an overview of the literature showing that activation of genetically engineered GPCRs, known as Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs), to specifically modulate astrocyte activity partially mimics endogenous signalling pathways in astrocytes and improves neuronal function and behavior in normal animals and disease models. Therefore, we propose that expressing these genetically engineered GPCRs in astrocytes could be a promising strategy to explore (new) signalling pathways which can be used to manage brain disorders. The precise molecular, functional and behavioral effects of this type of manipulation, however, differ depending on the DREADD receptor used, targeted brain region and timing of the intervention, between healthy and disease conditions. This is likely a reflection of regional and disease/disease progression-associated astrocyte heterogeneity. Therefore, a thorough investigation of the effects of such astrocyte manipulation(s) must be conducted considering the specific cellular and molecular environment characteristic of each disease and disease stage before this has therapeutic applicability.