Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HCN(1-0) OBSERVATIONS OF STARLESS CORES

We present a progress report on HCN(1-0) line observations toward starless cores to probe inward motions. We have made a single pointing survey toward the central regions of 85 starless cores and performed mapping observations of 6 infall candidate starless cores. The distributions of the velocity difference between HCN(1-0) hyperfine lines and the optically thin tracer (1-0) are significantly skewed to the blue, meaning that HCN(1-0) frequently detects inward motions. Their skewness to the blue is even greater than that of CS(2-1) Lee et al., possibly implying more infall occurrence than CS(1-0). We identify 19 infall candidates by using several characteristics illustrating spectral infall asymmetry seen in HCN(1-0) hyperfine lines, CS(3-2), CS(2-1), and observations. The HCN(1-0) F(O-l) with the least optical depth usually shows a similar intensity distribution to that of which closely traces the density distribution of the cores, indicating that HCN(1-0) is less chemically affected and so believed to reflect kinematics occurring in rather inner regions of the cores. Detailed radiative transfer model fits of the spectra are underway to analyze central infall kinematics in starless cores.
Response Surface Optimization of Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction Combined with HPLC for the Rapid Analysis of Multiple Coccidiostats in Feed

Since antimicrobials were banned as feed additives, coccidiostats with favorable anticoccidial action and growth promotion have been widely used in the breeding industry. The monitoring of coccidiostats in feed is necessary, while the current methods based on mass-spectrometer analysis have limited applicability and matrix effects could interfere with the results. Accordingly, in the present paper, a rapid analytical strategy for the simultaneous determination of six synthetic coccidiostats in feed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection was developed. Coccidiostats in chicken feeds were extracted with the trichloroacetic acid–acetonitrile solution. The cleanup was performed by dispersive solid-phase extraction after the optimization of the response surface methodology. The method exhibited good linearity for target coccidiostats within the range of 0.05~20 µg/mL. Recoveries for six compounds in fortified feed samples were from 67.2% to 107.2% with relative standard deviations less than 9.6%. The limit of detection was 0.2~0.3 mg/kg. The successful application of the method in commercial feed verified that it is effective and sensitive for the rapid determination of multiple coccidiostats in chicken feeds.
Longevity-Associated Variant of BPIFB4 Confers Neuroprotection in the STHdh Cell Model of Huntington Disease

Huntington’s disease (HD) is caused by the production of mutant Huntingtin (mHTT), characterized by long polyglutamine repeats with toxic effects. There are currently no clinically validated therapeutic agents that slow or halt HD progression, resulting in a significant clinical unmet need. The striatum-derived STHdh cell line, generated from mHTT knock-in mouse embryos (STHdhQ111/Q111), represents a useful model to study mechanisms behind pathogenesis of HD and to investigate potential new therapeutic targets. Indeed, these cells show susceptibility to nucleolar stress, activated DNA damage response and apoptotic signals, and elevated levels of H3K9me3 that all together concur in the progressive HD pathogenesis. We have previously shown that the adeno-associated viral vector-mediated delivery of the longevity-associated variant (LAV) of BPIFB4 prevents HD progression in a mouse model of HD. Here, we show that LAV-BPIFB4 stably infected in STHdhQ111/Q111 cells reduces (i) nucleolar stress and DNA damage through the improvement of DNA repair machinery, (ii) apoptosis, through the inhibition of the caspase 3 death signaling, and (iii) the levels of H3K9me3, by accelerating the histone clearance, via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. These findings pave the way to propose LAV-BPIFB4 as a promising target for innovative therapeutic strategies in HD.
Google Docs to Manage an EFL Writing Class: How It Helps and What to Prepare

Google Docs has been reported by many researchers as a tool that facilitates EFL students’ performance enhancement in writing class, but the facts in using this tool from teachers’ point of view in managing a writing class still lack attention. This article aims to describe how Google Docs can assist EFL teachers in managing writing classes as well as the strategies that can be carried out to optimize the use of this tool. Using narrative inquiry, this study employed a teacher’s narratives and documentation of activities on Google Docs. Thematic coding was done to highlight meaningful experiences. It revealed that Google Docs assisted both students and teachers in terms of proofreading, giving feedback, and recording students’ activities. However, during the use of this tool, sort of challenges might hinder students’ progress, such as students’ ignorance of the helpful features and failure in complying with the instructions. Therefore, English teachers can prepare some strategies i.e. giving clear rules and instructions, having conferences and synchronous interaction more often on Google Docs, and building up students’ responsibility for the learning progress. It implies that technology itself doesn’t guarantee students’ improvement in writing, but teachers’ and students’ ability and responsibility in using the technology contribute more to the progress.
Formation of nuclear rings of barred galaxies and star formation therein

Abstract Barred galaxies contain substructures such as a pair of dust lanes and nuclear rings, with the latter being sites of intense star formation. We study the substructure formation as well as star formation in nuclear rings using numerical simulations. We find that nuclear rings form not by the Lindblad resonances, as previously thought, but by the centrifugal barrier that inflowing gas along dust lanes cannot overcome. This predicts a smaller ring in a more strongly barred galaxy, consistent with observations. Star formation rate (SFR) in a nuclear ring is determined primarily by the mass inflow rate to the ring. In our models, the SFR typically shows a short strong burst associated with the rapid gas infall and stays very small for the rest of the evolution. When the SFR is low, ages of young star clusters exhibit an azimuthal gradient along the ring since star formation takes place mostly near the contact points between the dust lanes and the nuclear ring. When the SFR is large, on the other hand, star formation is widely distributed throughout the whole length of the ring, with no apparent age gradient of star clusters. Since observed ring star formation appears long-lived with episodic bursts, our results suggest that the bar region should be replenished continually with fresh gas from outside.
On Lp estimates for square roots of second order elliptic operators on Rn.

We prove that the square root of a uniformly complex elliptic operator L = − div(A∇) with bounded measurable coefficients in Rn satisfies the estimate kL 1/2fkp . k∇fkp for sup(1, 2n n+4 − e) 2n n−2. One feature of our method is a Calder´on-Zygmund decomposition for Sobolev functions. We make some further remarks on the topic of the converse Lp inequalities (i.e. Riesz transforms bounds), pushing the recent results of [BK2] and [HM] for 2n n+2 < p < 2 when n ≥ 3 to the range sup(1, 2n n+2 −e) < p < 2+e 0. In particular, we obtain that L1/2 extends to an isomorphism from W˙ 1,p(Rn) to Lp(Rn) for p in this range. We also generalize our method to higher order operators.
Red Clover and the Importance of Extraction Processes—Ways in Which Extraction Techniques and Parameters Affect Trifolium pratense L. Extracts’ Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities

The purpose of this study was to gain an insight into the manner in which several extraction processes (both classical as well as innovative) affected bioactive compound yield, and subsequently to assess several of their biological activities. Red clover extracts were obtained using maceration, Soxhlet extraction, turbo-extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, and a combination of the last two. The resulting extracts were analyzed for total phenolic and flavonoid content. The extracts presenting the best results were subjected to a phytochemical assessment by way of HPLC-MS analysis. After a final sorting based on the phytochemical profiles of the extracts, the samples were assessed for their antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and oxidative stress reduction potential, using animal inflammation models. The Soxhlet extraction yielded the most satisfactory results both qualitatively and quantitatively. The ultrasound-assisted extraction offered comparable yields. The extracts showed a high potential against gram-negative bacteria and induced a modest antioxidant effect on the experimental inflammation model in Wistar rats.
How and for Whom Is Mobile Phone Addiction Associated with Mind Wandering: The Mediating Role of Fatigue and Moderating Role of Rumination

With the increasing prevalence of mobile phone addiction, mobile phone addiction has been considered a prominent risk factor for internalizing or externalizing problems, such as psychological distress and irrational procrastination. However, few studies shed light on the effect of mobile phone addiction on mind wandering and the underlying mechanisms. This study speculated that the direct effect of mobile phone addiction on mind wandering may be linked to fatigue and that the level of an individual’s personality characteristics, such as rumination, may influence both the direct and indirect effects of mobile phone addiction on mind wandering. To test these hypotheses, we recruited 1811 college students to complete the self-report questionnaires. The results indicated that mobile phone addiction was positively associated with mind wandering. This direct effect could be mediated by fatigue, and both the direct and indirect effects of mobile phone addiction on mind wandering could be moderated by rumination. Specifically, both the direct and indirect effects were stronger for students with high rumination. These findings enrich our understanding of how, why, and for whom mobile phone addiction is correlated with mind wandering.
Mangosteen Pericarp Extract Supplementation Boosts Antioxidant Status via Rebuilding Gut Microbiota to Attenuate Motor Deficit in 6-OHDA-Induced Parkinson’s Disease

Oxidative stress and gut dysbiosis have been known to precede Parkinson’s disease (PD). An antioxidant-rich product, mangosteen pericarp (MP), has the ability to counterbalance excessive free radicals and the imbalanced gut microbiota composition, suggesting the MP’s capacity to delay PD progression. In this study, we explored the effects of two doses of MP extract in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD rat model. We revealed that the 8-week supplementation of a low dose (LMP) and a high dose of the MP extract (HMP) improved motor function, as observed in decreased contralateral rotation, improved time spent on rod, and higher dopamine binding transporter (DAT) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). The MP extract, especially the HMP, also increased antioxidant-related gene expressions, restored muscle mitochondrial function, and remodeled fecal microbiota composition, which were followed by reduced reactive oxygen species levels in brain and inflammation in plasma. Importantly, bacterial genera Sutterella, Rothia, and Aggregatibacter, which were negatively correlated with antioxidant gene expressions, decreased in the HMP group. It is imperative to note that in addition to directly acting as an antioxidant to reduce excessive free radicals, MP extract might also increase antioxidant state by rebuilding gut microbiota, thereby enhanced anti-inflammatory capacity and restored mitochondrial function to attenuate motor deficit in 6-OHDA-induced PD-like condition. All in all, MP extract is a potential candidate for auxiliary therapy for PD.
Increased attenuation in optical fibres caused by diffusion of molecular hydrogen at room temperature

A new set of absorption peaks has been observed at wave-lengths between 1.5 and 2.5 μm in silica-based optical fibres which have been exposed to hydrogen at room temperature. The largest peak, at 2.42 μm, is identified as being due to the fundamental molecular hydrogen vibrational absorption. Other peaks in the set are related to the fundamental with the same energy shifts as previously reported for the first overtone spectrum. The implications of both sets of peaks are quantified for the operating windows of optical fibre systems at 1.3 and 1.55 μm.
Distinctive Handwriting Signs in Early Parkinson’s Disease

Background: The analysis of handwriting movements to quantify motor and cognitive impairments in neurodegenerative diseases is increasingly attracting interest. Non-invasive and quick-to-administer tools using handwriting movement analysis can be used in early screening of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and maybe in the diagnosis of other neurodegenerative disease. Theaim of this work is to identify the distinctive signs characterizing handwriting in the early stage of PD, in order to provide a diagnostic tool for the early detection of the disease. Compared to previous studies, here, we analyzed handwriting movements of patients on which the disease affects the contralateral side with respect to the one used for writing. Methods: We collected and analyzed a set of handwriting samples by PD patients and healthy subjects. Participants were asked to follow a novel protocol, containing handwriting patterns of various levels of complexity, using both familiar and unfamiliar movements. Results: We found that the signs characterizing the early stage of PD differ from those appearing in later stages. Our work provides evidence that early detection of PD, even when the disease affects mainly the contralateral side with respect to the one used for writing, could be achieved by analyzing specific features measured during the execution of specific handwriting tasks. Eventually, we found that patients’ performance benefits from the execution of handwriting in specific conditions. Conclusions: The analysis provides the guidelines for the design of a diagnostic tool for the early detection of PD and some suggestions for reducing motor impairments in PD patients.
Strategy and cost stickiness under different managerial abilities: Evidence from Southeast Asia

Abstract Firms’ strategies reflect their competitive advantages, such as the prospector focuses on innovation and defenders focus on cost efficiency. The differences in strategies’ competitive advantages imply different resource management to different magnitude of cost stickiness. This study examined whether prospectors and defenders exhibit different magnitude of cost stickiness. This study also examines cost stickiness differences in high and low managerial abilities for prospector and defender. The study investigates 24,362 firm-year observations in six Southeast Asian countries in 2013–2019. The results show that Southeast Asian firms exhibit cost stickiness. Both prospectors and defenders exhibit cost stickiness, likely because Southeast Asian firms mostly operate in raw goods trading and do not innovate much in high technology. Consequently, prospectors do not exhibit different cost behavior than defenders. Our findings document that firms led by less able managers exhibit greater cost stickiness, both for prospectors and defenders. The results suggest that managerial characteristics remain crucial in resource management, because less able managers tend to retain resources to cope with operational problems and meet future sales demands.
Developing school leading guidelines facilitating a whole school approach to education for sustainable development

Abstract This study explored the function of school leading in the implementation process of education for sustainable development (ESD) in five Swedish schools employing a whole school approach (WSA). A follow-up study design was used, in which schools that had initiated an ESD project in 2016 were subsequently visited twice for interviews with principals during the project and after it was finalized. The theory of practice architectures in combination with the concept of school improvement capacity was used as the theoretical framework in the analysis. The study showed how school leading should be about enhancing the local school’s capacity to improve. It also showed how specific practice architectures prefigured a WSA to ESD and how school leading in this context was about arranging—or orchestrating—practice architectures in ways that enabled such an approach. The issues of time and endurance were pivotal. Based on the empirical results from this study and school improvement theory, guidelines were developed that can be used to drive a WSA to ESD process forward through three different school improvement phases: initiation, implementation, and institutionalization. The limitations and suggestions for further research are also discussed.
Shear sensing based on a microstrip patch antenna

A microstrip patch antenna sensor was studied for shear sensing with a targeted application of measuring plantar shear distribution on a diabetic foot. The antenna shear sensor consists of three components, namely an antenna patch, a soft foam substrate and a slotted ground plane. The resonant frequency of the antenna sensor is sensitive to the overlapping length between the slot in the ground plane and the antenna patch. A shear force applied along the direction of the slot deforms the foam substrate and causes a change in the overlapping length, which can be detected from the antenna frequency shift. The antenna shear sensor was designed based on simulated antenna frequency response and validated by experiments. Experimental results indicated that the antenna sensor exhibits high sensitivity to shear deformation and responds to the applied shear loads with excellent linearity and repeatability.
Exploring Endothelial Expansion on a Chip

Angiogenesis is the development of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature. Its malfunction leads to the development of cancers and cardiovascular diseases qualified by the WHO as a leading cause of death worldwide. A better understanding of mechanisms regulating physiological and pathological angiogenesis will potentially contribute to developing more effective treatments for those urgent issues. Therefore, the main goal of the following study was to design and manufacture an angiogenesis-on-a-chip microplatform, including cylindrical microvessels created by Viscous Finger Patterning (VFP) technique and seeded with HUVECs. While optimizing the VFP procedure, we have observed that lumen’s diameter decreases with a diminution of the droplet’s volume. The influence of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) with a concentration of 5, 25, 50, and 100 ng/mL on the migration of HUVECs was assessed. VEGF’s solution with concentrations varying from 5 to 50 ng/mL reveals high angiogenic potential. The spatial arrangement of cells and their morphology were visualized by fluorescence and confocal microscopy. Migration of HUVECs toward loaded angiogenic stimuli has been initiated after overnight incubation. This research is the basis for developing more complex vascularized multi-organ-on-a-chip microsystems that could potentially be used for drug screening.
Gap type results for spacelike submanifolds with parallel mean curvature vector

We deal with $n$-dimensional spacelike submanifolds immersed with parallel mean curvature vector (which is supposed to be either spacelike or timelike) in a pseudo-Riemannian space form $\mathbb L_q^{n+p}(c)$ of index $1\leq q\leq p$ and constant sectional curvature $c\in \{-1,0,1\}$. Under suitable constraints on the traceless second fundamental form, we adapt the technique developed by Yang and Li (Math. Notes 100 (2016) 298–308) to prove that such a spacelike submanifold must be totally umbilical. For this, we apply a maximum principle for complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds having polynomial volume growth, recently established by Alías, Caminha and Nascimento (Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 200 (2021) 1637–1650).
Chia Seed Hydrogel as a Solid Fat Replacer and Structure Forming Agent in Gluten-Free Cookies

Gluten-free cookies based on rice and chickpea flour with reduced-fat and increased protein content compared with conventional commercial gluten-free cookies were developed and used as a base for further vegetable fat replacement with chia seed hydrogel. Rheological properties of chia seed hydrogel revealed that 8% gels exhibited the optimal properties as a fat substitute. Designed cookie samples were characterized for their chemical composition, fatty acid profile, mineral content, physical, textural and color parameters, and sensory properties. All gluten-free cookies developed in this study could be labeled as “a source of iron and potassium”, while those with chia seed hydrogel and cocoa powder could bear the additional claim “high in zinc and magnesium”. Fat replacement with chia seed hydrogel resulted in a more favorable fatty acid composition with a PUFA/SFA ratio over 0.40 and nonsignificant changes in the cookies’ hardness, weight, eccentricity, and specific volume, indicating that the chia seed hydrogel addition did not disturb the cookie structure and texture. The results of the sensory analysis confirmed that it is possible to apply chia seed hydrogel to produce reduced-fat cookies with sensory properties comparable to their full-fat counterpart and available commercial samples, and they are more appealing than commercial reduced-fat gluten-free cookies.
CONVERGENCE TO THE COALESCENT WITH SIMULTANEOUS MULTIPLE MERGERS

The general coalescent process with simultaneous multiple mergers of ancestral lines was initially characterized by Mohle and Sagitov (2001) in terms of a sequence of measures defined on the finite-dimensional simplices. A more compact characterization of the general coalescent requiring a single probability measure Ξ defined on the infinite simplex A was suggested by Schweinsberg (2000). This paper presents a simple criterion of weak convergence to the Ξ-coalescent. In contrast to the earlier criterion of Mohle and Sagitov (2001) based on the moment conditions, the key condition here is expressed in terms of the joint distribution of the ranked offspring sizes. This criterion interprets a vector in A as the ranked fractions of the total population size assigned to sibling groups constituting a (rare) generation, where a merger might occur. An example of the general coalescent is developed on the basis of the Poisson-Dirichlet distribution. It suggests a simple algorithm of simulating the Kingman coalescent with occasional (simultaneous) multiple mergers.