Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research Online Research

Background: We aimed to identify profiles of ambivalence among individuals with a history of non ‐ suicidal self ‐ injury (NSSI) and tested whether profiles differed across various theoretically informed constructs: NSSI ‐ related characteristics, cognitive (outcome expectancies, self ‐ efficacy to resist NSSI), emotional (psychological distress, difficulties in emotion regulation), personality, and incentives to engage/not engage in NSSI. Methods: Individuals with a lifetime history of NSSI ( n = 224) reported the extent to which they wanted to and did not want to engage in NSSI and completed well ‐ validated measures of the constructs of interest. Results: Latent profile analysis indicated four ambivalence profiles (avoid: n = 39; moderately ambivalent: n = 85; highly ambivalent: n = 30; approach: n = 70). The profiles differed across a number of NSSI ‐ related characteristics, cognitive, emotional, and incentive ‐ related variables. Differences between the ambivalence profiles and the avoid/approach profiles varied across constructs. For example, the ambivalence and approach profiles were similar for NSSI ‐ related outcome expectancies, but the ambivalence and avoidance profiles were similar for self ‐ efficacy to resist NSSI.
Atmospheric sounding using GPS radio occultation

This paper summarizes the radio occultation (RO) technique for remote sounding of the Earth’s atmosphere using the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites and GPS receivers on low-Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites. As the LEO satellites rise and set with respect to the GPS satellites, the radio waves from the GPS satellites are refracted by the Earth’s atmosphere. Precise measurements of the bending angle of the radio waves are used to derive vertical profiles of atmospheric refractivity, which is a function of electron density in the ionosphere and temperature and water vapor in the stratosphere and troposphere. Results from the GPS/MET, CHAMP, and SAC-C RO missions are summarized, and examples of soundings are presented. Analysis of the CHAMP and SAC-C data indicates that approximately 45% of CHAMP and SAC-C retrieved radio occultation profiles reach below 1 km altitude, compared to only 35% for GPS/MET. All missions exhibit a negative refractivity bias in the lower troposphere of between 1% and 2% compared to NWP models. When constrained to the tropics, only about 20% of the CHAMP occultation profiles reach 1 km from the surface. Taiwan’s National Space Program Office (NSPO), the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and many partners in the university community are developing COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate), a follow-on project for weather and climate, space weather, and geodetic science. COSMIC plans to launch six satellites in 2005. Each satellite will retrieve 400-500 daily profiles† of key ionospheric and atmospheric properties from the tracked GPS radio signals as they are occulted behind the Earth limb. The radio occultation sounding data from COSMIC will contribute significantly to atmospheric research, weather forecasting, and climate modeling.
Financial Distress and Indonesian Family Resilience during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of a Muslim Family in Yogyakarta

The objective of this study is to find evidence of the relationship between financial distress and family resilience and to examine the factors driving such family resilience in Indonesia during the COVID-19 epidemic. The study revealed some significant variables in family resilience, namely maintaining a positive outlook, family connectivity, and facing difficulties. Additionally, the study showed that certain variables had no significant effect on family resilience, such as family spirituality (SK), ability to understand difficulties (KMK), and financial pressure index (ITK). These findings document that family resilience is not solely caused by financial problems but is more based on psychological factors. Originality/Value: This paper contributes to the development of theoretical aspects related to family resilience and financial inclusion.
Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitors or PD-L1 inhibitors for muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitors or PD-L1 inhibitors [PD-(L)1 inhibitors] for muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC). Materials and methods Four databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and 21 CENTRAL) were searched for articles studying neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors for MIBC. The search time period was from the establishment of each database to 21 July 2023. Meta-analyses of pCR, pPR, Grade≥ 3 irAEs rate, RFS, and OS were performed. Results In total, 22 studies were included for meta-analysis. The overall pooled pCR of neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors was 0.36 (95%CI=0.30–0.42, p=0.00). In subgroup meta-analysis, the pooled PCR of PD-(L)1 inhibitors alone, PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus other ICI, and PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy was 0.27 (95%CI=0.19–0.35, p=0.1), 0.41 (95%CI=0.21–0.62, p=0.01), 0.43 (95%CI=0.35–0.50, p=0.06), respectively. The overall pooled pPR of neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors was 0.53 (95%CI=0.46–0.60, p=0.00). In subgroup meta-analysis, the pooled pPR of PD-(L)1 inhibitors alone, PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus other ICI, and PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy was 0.36 (95%CI=0.22–0.51, p=0.01), 0.51 (95%CI=0.39–0.62, p=0.43), and 0.61 (95%CI=0.53–0.69, p=0.01), respectively. Kaplan–Meier curves for OS and RFS were reconstructed, but there was no significant difference among three groups in terms of OS or RFS. The pooled result of Grade≥ 3 irAEs rate for neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors was 0.15 (95%CI=0.09–0.22, p=0.00%). In subgroup analysis, the pooled result of Grade≥ 3 irAEs rate for PD-(L)1 inhibitors alone, PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus other ICI, and PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy was 0.07 (95%CI=0.04–0.11, p=0.84), 0.31 (95%CI=0.16–0.47, p=0.06), and 0.17 (95%CI=0.06–0.31, I2 = 71.27%, p=0.01), respectively. Conclusion Neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors were feasible and safe for muscle invasive bladder cancer. Compared with PD-(L)1 inhibitors alone, PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus other ICI and PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy were associated with higher pCR and pPR, but higher Grade≥3 irAEs. Kaplan–Meier curves for OS and RFS indicated that neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 inhibitors had an acceptable long-term prognostic, but it was not possible to discern statistical differences between the three neoadjuvant subgroups. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? ID=CRD42023452437, identifier PROSPERO (CRD42023452437).
Outcome of glaucoma surgery in patients on prostaglandinanalogues

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of topical prostaglandin analogues as compared to other antiglaucoma agents on the conjunctival cell profile and results of glaucoma filtration surgery. METHODOLOGY: Glaucoma triple procedure (trabeculectomy, phacoemulsification, and intraocular lens implantation) was performed in 109 patients and the outcome of these procedures was assessed after a minimum follow-up of 6 months. A conjunctival biopsy specimen was obtained at the time of surgery. The patients were divided into 2 groups (PG analogue and Non-PG analogue) according to the type of topical therapy administered preoperatively. Surgical outcomes were categorised according the recommendations by World Glaucoma Association. RESULTS: 109 patients recruited, 42 patients were in the PG analogue group and 67 were in the Non-PG analogue group. Statistically significant difference between the groups was seen at 1 month (p=0.037) and 3 month (p=0.003) follow-ups postoperatively. Final IOP was lower in Non-PG analogue group compared to PG-analogue group (P=0.051). Though no statistically significant difference was found, the chances of successful filtration surgery were higher among the Non PG group compared to the PG analogue group. The numbers of goblet cells and plasma cells were more in the PG analogue group while the number of mast cells was more in the non PG analogue group suggestive of more subclinical inflammation and fibrosis. CONCLUSION: While preoperative medications influence the outcome of filtration surgery, there is no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups however the postoperative IOP was lesser in the non PG analogue group. Histopathologically, the conjunctival changes induced by prostaglandin analogues were more favourable to better surgical outcomes as compared with aqueous suppressants.
Wind Wave and Wind Speed Inversion Based on Azimuth Cutoff of Airborne IRA Images

The azimuth cutoff of interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) image, which is acquired at small incidence angles, is mainly determined by the vertical component of the orbital velocity of ocean waves and is almost independent of the wave direction. Using this property, an inversion method for wind waves and wind speed has been proposed based on the azimuth cutoff of IRA image in combination with the Elfouhaily wind wave spectrum, which can effectively solve the problem of small-scale wind wave parameters loss caused by velocity bunching. In the present work, the wind speed and the significant height of wind waves (SH $_{\mathrm {ww}}$ ) have been retrieved from five pairs of airborne IRA images acquired in offshore areas. The results show that the differences between SHww retrieved from the five pairs of IRA images used in this article by the new method and the reference SHww are acceptable in ocean wave inversion. However, if the wind fetch is small and the wind direction is inconsistent with wave propagation direction, there is a significant difference between the retrieved wind speed and the reference wind speed when using the new method to retrieve wind speed. Moreover, the results also show that for the sea area with infinite wind fetch, the inversion accuracy of wind speed and SHww determined by the accuracy of the retrieved radar radial significant orbital velocity of wind waves (SV $_{\mathrm {ww}}$ ). However, for the sea area with finite wind fetch, the inversion accuracy would also be affected by wind fetch.
Place, Space, and Racially Unequal Exposures to Pollution at Home and Work

Research on racial inequalities in exposure to industrial pollution in U.S. metropolitan areas typically focuses on places of residence, ignoring the fact that most people work and commute to other areas to do so. To investigate what these daily commutes mean for understanding place- and space-based disparities in exposure, we merge federally compiled data on commuting and industrial air pollution with sociodemographic data on the home and work tracts of employed adults in Houston, Texas. Results from descriptive analyses and spatial regression models yield several insights often presumed but heretofore undemonstrated in prior research: (1) generally, people work in more toxic areas than they reside; (2) blacks and Latinos work as well as reside in more toxic areas than whites; and (3) unequal spatial relations via commuting powerfully predict a place’s level of toxic air pollution, net of other factors, including racial composition. Implications for current and future research are discussed.
A Global Social Media Analysis of the Accuracy and Specific Characteristics of Information Shared about Family Planning and Contraception

Background: Social media platforms have become important sources of health information. An assessment of the use-generated contents to reduce misinformation has becoming an imperative responsibility of health professionals. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the shared information related to family planning, and contraception, and other characteristics on four major social media sites based on WHO guidelines. Study design: A web-based content analysis using a cross-sectional study design. Methods: We have evaluated the information on four popular social media, including Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and Instagram. Information was evaluated as "accurate" if it was consistent with the standard guidelines. Results: Out of 486 posts, 77.4% were evaluated as "accurate". Information characteristics, including being shared on Facebook (OR = 27.7, 95% CI: 7.41–104.14) and YouTube (OR = 15.9, 95% CI: 2.7-93.2), being shared by public accounts (OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.7), and for educational purposes (OR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.6–6.5), were significantly associated with the content's accuracy. A significant proportion of inaccurate information was shared by health professionals. Discussion and Conclusion: There are notable proportions of misinformation, and some were shared by healthcare providers. The findings highlighted the importance of consistent evaluation and monitoring of the information shared on social media based on the latest evidence. Healthcare providers should leverage the advantages of social media to disseminate up-to-date, evidence-based contraceptive information to their patients, meanwhile helping them to correct myths and misinformation on family planning
North‐south variations of tropical storm genesis locations in the Western Hemisphere

In the Western Hemisphere, tropical storms or hurricanes form in the North Atlantic and eastern North Pacific. Previous studies have focused on storm variability in the frequency, duration, and intensity in each basin. Here we find that the tropical storm genesis location in one ocean basin ties to the other one. On both interannual and multidecadal time scales, a northward (southward) shift of the tropical storm genesis location is associated with a southward (northward) variation in the other ocean basin. The change of cross‐Central America wind in the upper troposphere, which induces an out‐of‐phase relation of vertical wind shear, bridges storm activity in the two ocean basins. Sea surface temperatures in both the tropical Pacific and North Atlantic can induce the zonal wind change across Central America. An implication of this study is that hurricane outlooks can be improved by considering the two ocean basins together, and thus helping reduce the damage caused by hurricane landfall.
Attention-guided cross-modal multiple feature aggregation network for RGB-D salient object detection

The goal of RGB-D salient object detection is to aggregate the information of the two modalities of RGB and depth to accurately detect and segment salient objects. Existing RGB-D SOD models can extract the multilevel features of single modality well and can also integrate cross-modal features, but it can rarely handle both at the same time. To tap into and make the most of the correlations of intra- and inter-modality information, in this paper, we proposed an attention-guided cross-modal multi-feature aggregation network for RGB-D SOD. Our motivation was that both cross-modal feature fusion and multilevel feature fusion are crucial for RGB-D SOD task. The main innovation of this work lies in two points: One is the cross-modal pyramid feature interaction (CPFI) module that integrates multilevel features from both RGB and depth modalities in a bottom-up manner, and the other is cross-modal feature decoder (CMFD) that aggregates the fused features to generate the final saliency map. Extensive experiments on six benchmark datasets showed that the proposed attention-guided cross-modal multiple feature aggregation network (ACFPA-Net) achieved competitive performance over 15 state of the art (SOTA) RGB-D SOD methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
The role and importance of helmet use in the prevention of traumatic brain injury – a literature review

Protective helmets are used in a wide range of professional, sport and recreational activities. They undoubtedly play a very important role in the prevention of head injuries, including traumatic brain injury. There is no doubt that they improve user safety. The main aim of the following paper is to analyse recent publications and studies describing to what extent a helmet can protect against traumatic brain injury and its consequences. Traumatic brain injury is the disruption of brain function or the presence of any other pathology in the brain caused by physical force. There are many head injuries worldwide that result in traumatic brain injury. The effects of these accidents can be reduced by using safety helmets. Statistics quite clearly show that helmets realistically reduce the number of traumatic brain injuries, as well as their consequences. Injuries sustained by people who wore a helmet on their head at the time of the accident were less severe, gave less serious complications and were also less likely to be fatal compared to injuries acquired when a helmet was not worn on the head. The wearing of helmets has been made compulsory in many places and this has had a significant impact on the decrease in the incidence of severe brain injuries. The use of protective helmets is correlated with milder and less frequent head injuries and fewer complications of these injuries. Public awareness of traumatic brain injury is still low. Although the benefits of wearing helmets are widely known, there are still many people who do not use this method of head injury prevention. Awareness campaigns, notification systems or other innovative methods are just a few of the many ways in which attempts are made to draw the public’s attention to the need to wear a helmet during activities with a higher risk of head injury.
Toward Precision Medicine: Exploring the Landscape of Biomarkers in Acute Kidney Injury

Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a complex challenge with diverse underlying pathological mechanisms and etiologies. Current detection methods predominantly rely on serum creatinine, which exhibits substantial limitations in specificity and poses the issue of late-stage detection of kidney injury. In this review, we propose an up-to-date and comprehensive summary of advancements that identified novel biomarker candidates in blood and urine and ideal criteria for AKI biomarkers such as renal injury specificity, mechanistic insight, prognostic capacity, and affordability. Recently identified biomarkers not only indicate injury location but also offer valuable insights into a range of pathological processes, encompassing reduced glomerular filtration rate, tubular function, inflammation, and adaptive response to injury. The clinical applications of AKI biomarkers are becoming extensive and serving as relevant tools in distinguishing acute tubular necrosis from other acute renal conditions. Also, these biomarkers can offer significant insights into the risk of progression to chronic kidney disease CKD and in the context of kidney transplantation. Integration of these biomarkers into clinical practice has the potential to improve early diagnosis of AKI and revolutionize the design of clinical trials, offering valuable endpoints for therapeutic interventions and enhancing patient care and outcomes.
Changes in the D region associated with three recent solar eclipses in the South Pacific region

We estimate D region changes due to 22 July 2009 total solar eclipse (SE), 13–14 November 2012 total SE, and 9–10 May 2013 annular SE, using VLF navigational transmitters signal observations at Suva, Fiji. The North West Cape (NWC) signal (19.8 kHz) showed an amplitude and phase decrease of 0.70 dB and 23° during November SE and 2.0 dB and 90° during May SE. The modeling using Long Wave Propagation Capability code for NWC‐Suva path during November and May SEs showed an increase in average D region reflection height (H′) and sharpness factor (β) by 0.6 and 0.5 km and 0.012 and 0.015 km−1, respectively. The July total SE for JJI‐Suva path showed an increase in H′ of 1.5 km and a decrease in β of 0.055 km−1. The decrease in the electron density calculated using SE time H′ and β is maximum for July total SE and minimum for May annular SE. The effective recombination coefficient estimated from the decay and recovery of signal phase associated with May annular SE was higher (27%) than normal daytime value 5.0 × 10−7 cm−3 s−1 and varied between 1.47 × 10−6 and 1.15 × 10−7 cm−3 s−1 in the altitude 70 to 80 km. Morlet wavelet analysis of signals amplitude shows strong wave‐like signatures (WLS) associated with three SEs with period ranging 24–66 min, but the intensity and duration of WLS show no clear dependence on SE magnitude and type. Apart from the cooling spot, the eclipse shadow can also generate WLS associated with atmospheric gravity waves.
Unravelling of moderating effect of progressive education between job demand and burnout

PurposeThis study aims to provide a causal framework for teacher burnout (BO) and work engagement (WE) by examining the factors that contribute to it and evaluating how progressive education (PE) affects teachers' performance in Higher education institutions (HEIs). Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a multi-stage sampling technique with the help of computer random generation data from a selected list of teachers. The survey has two sections; the first consisted of a questionnaire of PE, BO, WE and organizational outcomes and the second contained four items to measure the demographic variables. The researcher contacted 745 teachers and asked them to fill up the questionnaire but the authors received only 498 useable responses.FindingsThe results of the study confirmed that moderating role PE reduces the BO of the teachers of HEIs and increases WE. The job demand-resource (JD-R) model was also validated in the Indian context and the model was found suitable for the Indian sample.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has been conducted to manage BO and teachers' engagement in HEIs and the result suggests that the Management of HEIs should value PE characteristics as a crucial component of the educational process. PE encourages academic engagement among professors and students in HEIs.Originality/valueThe study tests the moderating role of PE with the JD-R and the JD-R model in the higher education system in India, which is rarely tested. The study's integrated approach to BO and WE, which provide insight into both viewpoints and aids in employees' poor health.
Remote data transmission for hydrological investigations state-of-the-art and further trends

Dans le futur, l'acquisition de donnees dans le cadre d'investigations hydrogeologiques peut etre organisee par des nouvelles methodes. L'utilisation de nouveaux systemes de communication peut y apporter de grands avantages. Les methodes de transfert de donnees a grande distance par des reseaux et voies de communication differents offre une large variete de possibilites. Les plus importants moyens pour le travail futur sont decrits dans cette publication. Ce sont les reseaux de telephones portables, le transfert de donnees par satellite (Low Earth Orbiting et des satellites geostationnaires) et le World Wide Web. Toutes peuvent etre combinees par des methodes differentes. De plus le travail avec des reseaux de dataloggers sur le terrain couple aux possibilites de Triggering et d'alarme gagne de plus en plus d'importance pour des systemes de monitoring d'evenements hydrologiques.