Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of substrate type and pellet age on the resuspension of Atlantic salmon faecal material

The influence of substrate type and particle age on the remobilization of settled Atlantic salmon Salmo salar faecal material was studied through a set of controlled experiments in horizontal flow flumes, simulating different bottom conditions present in fish-farming locations along the coast of Norway. There was no significant effect of pellet age on remobilization for up to 1 week old faecal material, but critical shear stresses (τc) and velocities required for resuspending faecal pellets were strongly dependent on substrate type. Smooth substrates such as mud and rock slate required lower stresses for the onset of faeces resuspension (τc ≈ 0.06 Pa) than rougher surfaces such as sand (τc ≈ 0.12 Pa) or fragmented rock (τc ≈ 0.32 Pa), where bedforms and large fractures shield the particles from the direct influence of the drag forces. These newly determined substrate-dependent τc resuspension thresholds will contribute to the construction of more accurate numerical models that include bottom type as a parameter regulating the extent of particle spreading, in contrast to the constant-value approach that has been used to date.
Inferring Network Structure From Partially Observed Graphs

Inferring Network Structure From Partially Observed Graphs Mengjie Pan Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Associate Professor Tyler H. McCormick Department of Statistics and Department of Sociology Collecting social network data is notoriously difficult, meaning that indirectly observed or missing observations are very common. In this dissertation, We address two of such scenarios: inference on network measures without any direct network observations, and inference of regression coefficients when actors in the network have latent block memberships. Direct network data is expensive to collect because it requires soliciting connections between all members of the population. Collecting aggregate relational data (ARD) is much more cost effective. In the first two methodological chapters, we show that we can use ARD to estimate individual and global network properties. We connect ARD to a network formation model, which allows us to obtain draws from the posterior distribution over graphs given the ARD response vector. We can then compute network statistics based on these posterior samples. We demonstrate our method using evidence from simulation and replicating results from cases where the complete graph was observed. In the last methodological chapter, we discuss how we make inference on coefficients where the outcome of a linear regression is the interaction between an ordered pair of actors. We propose block-exchangeable errors and algorithms for estimating standard errors. We show that the block-exchangeable estimator is preferable to the exchangeable estimator when latent blocks and observed covariates are dependent.
The Complex Cascade of Parkinson’s Disease: Sniffing out a Therapy?

A suitable therapy for combating Parkinson’s disease (PD) neurodegeneration has not been forthcoming and although treatments are available to slow progression, there is no cure and no medical repair procedures. Of great interest to neurologists and neurology researchers have been the new findings with neurotrophic factors such as glial-cell derived neurotrophic factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the neurotrophins being shown to have the ability to slow neurodegeneration and, in certain instances, rescue neurons. Unfortunately, outcomes of treatments using these proteins have been disappointing or inconclusive at best, and this includes direct infusion into areas of the brain. There is a consensus that once this disease starts there is little chance of halting its progress. One of the first indications that PD is a future possibility in a patient is a loss of olfaction. We have taken this as a starting point, maybe the earliest indication that neurotrophin treatment should be initiated with the possibility that if this isn’t a cure, it is a potent retardant of inevitable neuron loss and attenuating at least some of the many associated problems. Our work showed in cell cultures and an endotoxin animal model that synthesis of GDNF lagged behind inflammatory cell invasion, release of cytokines, protein folding problems and microglial activation. Our hypothesis is, that early interventions with neurotrophins might delay devastating neuronal loss and overcome some of the inflammatory effects, and that this treatment could begin at the time of loss of olfaction, together with prescribing anti-inflammatories. Couple this with blocking nitric oxide synthase increases and a reasonably early starting point for treatment might well be found. Journal of Nature and Science (JNSCI), 2(11):e249, 2016
EFFECTS OF GREEN TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS) ON BLOOD GLUCOSE OF MICE ON HIGH FAT DIET

ABSTRACT: Objectives : The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of green tea on blood sugar of mice on high fat diet. Study Design: Analytical experimental randomized control trial. Place & Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi and National Institute of Health, Islamabad. The duration of study was twelve weeks. Material & Methods: Sixty adult mice, Balb-c strain were selected and divided into three groups. The control group was given standard laboratory diet throughout the study. In experimental group A, the study was carried outin two phases. In the first phase, hepatic steatosis was induced by high fat diet containing 4 percent cholesterol powder and 40 percent butter fat for six weeks. In the second phase, experimental group was given normal diet with 1 percent green tea over a period of next six weeks. The experimental group B was given high fat diet containing 4 percent cholesterol powder and 40 percent butter fat with 1 percent green tea over a period of twelve weeks. Ten mice in each were group sacrificed at six weeks and remaining ten were sacrificed at twelve weeks. Results: The result showed that high fat diet for six weeks produced significant hepatic steatosis, evident on histological analysis. When experimental group A (induction phase) with high fat diet was compared with the (reversal phase) on normal diet and green tea, statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was noted in terms of biochemical markers (Blood Glucose). Green tea affected all the biochemical parameters, which though reduced never reached the control value and remained somewhat elevated. Conclusion: It is therefore concluded that green tea protects against the development of hepatic steatosis, reduces hepatic injury and significantly lower the blood glucose. Key Words: Camellia Sinensis , Blood Glucose.
Self-similar pressure-atomized sprays

Sprays produced by pressure atomization of various liquids are investigated experimentally, showing the self-similar flow fields of both the liquid and the gas phases. Phase-Doppler measurements are conducted in the sprays at varying radial and axial distances from the atomizer orifice. The theoretical description of the gas flow field based on boundary-layer theory reveals a self-similar velocity field driven by momentum transfer from the liquid phase ejected into the gaseous environment. The momentum loss of the liquid droplet phase is also found to be self-similar, which was to be expected, but not shown in the literature before. The analytical self-similar description of the two-phase flow field is in excellent agreement with the experimental data.
Quality Education for Refugees In Kenya: Pedagogy in Urban Nairobi and Kakuma Refugee Camp Settings

Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya: Pedagogy in Urban Nairobi and Kakuma Refugee Camp Settings Author(s): Mary Mendenhall, Sarah Dryden-Peterson, Lesley Bartlett, Caroline Ndirangu, Rosemary Imonje, Daniel Gakunga, Loise Gichuhi, Grace Nyagah, Ursulla Okoth, and Mary Tangelder Source: Journal on Education in Emergencies ̧ Vol 1, No 1 (October 2015), pp 92-130 Published by: Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies Stable URL: http://hdl.handle. net/2451/39669 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17609/N8D08K
Profile of Anemia with special reference to hemoglobinopathies in a tertiary care centre in Madhya Pradesh

Introduction: Haemoglobinopathies constitute very important causative factors for anemia of childhood, especially in those regions where abnormal hemoglobin genes are highly prevalent. Thalassemia and Sickle cell anemia can be prevented by proper genetic counseling and screening. Material Methods: This cross-sectional one year study was conducted at Sri Aurobindo hospital Indore in department of pediatrics with the primary objective is to find out clinical and hematological characteristics of anemia with special reference to hemoglobinopathy. A total of 100 subjects were included. Results: The mean age of patients was 4.63 ± 4.18 years. Prevalence of Iron deficiency anemia was 61%, Vitamin B12 deficiency was 12%, thalassemia trait 10%, sickle cell anemia 10% and thalassemia major was 7%. , Mean Hb concentration was 6.54±1.63 g/dl and the MCV values ranged between 59.2±5.8 and 100.7±13.9. Mean reticulocyte was found 3.85±2.11 in thalassemia major, 4.0±2.10 and4.6±2.5 in sickle cell anemia. Mean HbA2 level was 2.45±0.69, in thalassemia major, 5.13±0.61 in thalassemia trait, and 2.01±0.71 in sickle homozygous. Mean HbF level was 92.57±1.6 in thalassemia major, 2.15±1.24 in thalassemia trait and 20.2± 9.6 in sickle cell anemia. Conclusion: HPLC is a reliable method for screening of thalassemia.Screening should be done among all suspected patients to find out the exact prevalence of thalassemia. Treatment should be started as soon as thalassemia positive is detected before the end organ damage has occurred. Genetic counseling of the patient’s family for next pregnancy should be done to avoid birth of a thalassemia child in their family.
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)-a climate resilient crop for food and nutritional security: A Review

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is an important short duration crop that adapts well to varied climatic conditions and is grown worldwide for food, feed and fodder purposes. Due to its lowest water and nutrient requirement, it has the potential for agriculture diversification. Nutritionally, proso millet grains are rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals, and micronutrients compared to other staple cereals. Recently the demand of the crop has increased due to its highly nutritious grains. Thus it has the potential to provide both food and nutritional security. Despite enormous potential, the crop has not gained the popularity among masses and is still considered as poor man’s food. This work therefore is an attempt to compile the merge information available on crop history, phylogeny, germplasm resources, and present status to make the crop comprehensive and revamp its cultivation.
Efeitos da concentração de propriedade e da estrutura do conselho de administração nos covenants de debêntures emitidas pelas empresas brasileiras de capital aberto

Este estudo objetiva identificar fatores da governança corporativa que afetam a quantidade de covenants financeiros presentes nos contratos de debêntures e a restrição advinda do covenant financeiro “Dívida Financeira Líquida/EBITDA”. Os dados foram analisados por meio de regressões múltipla e logística e os resultados indicam que a concentração de propriedade e o tamanho do conselho de administração são determinantes para definir o número de covenants financeiros inseridos nos contratos das debêntures emitidas. Além disso, os resultados apontam que a concentração de propriedade, o tamanho e a independência do conselho de administração influenciam a probabilidade de a escritura de emissão de debênture conter um covenant financeiro “Dívida Financeira Líquida/EBITDA” mais ou menos restritivo. Como contribuição, este trabalho mostra que as empresas emissoras de debêntures podem procurar mecanismos substitutos à utilização e à restrição de covenants financeiros e, assim, evitar os entraves decorrentes dessas cláusulas contratuais, e fornece apoio à literatura de que mecanismos internos de governança corporativa impactam tanto a quantidade de covenants financeiros quanto a restrição imposta pelo covenant de endividamento em contratos de debêntures.
Cerebral asymmetries : handedness and the right hemisphere

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Interlocutors and Interactions: Examining the Interactions Between Students With Complex Communication Needs, Teachers, and Eye-Gaze Technology

This study analyzes the role of the machine as a communicative partner for children with complex communication needs as they use eye-tracking technology to communicate. We ask: to what extent do eye-tracking devices serve as functional communications systems for children with complex communication needs? We followed 12 children with profound physical disabilities in a special education classroom over 3 months. An eye-tracking system was used to collect data from software that assisted the children in facial recognition, task identification, and vocabulary building. Results show that eye gaze served as a functional communication system for the majority of the children. We found voice affect to be a strong determinant of communicative success between students and both of their communicative partners: the teachers (humans) and the technologies (machines).
Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

Recognition of a link between the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cervical neoplasia has been a relatively recent occurrence in relation to the 15-year duration of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the United States. This is due in part to the fact that relatively few women were diagnosed with AIDS in the early years. Only 7% of AIDS cases reported in 1985 were in women, as opposed to 18% of reported AIDS cases in 1994. " Many women were initially identified as being infected with HIV only after giving birth to a child who subsequently developed AIDS. Recognition of the growing problem of perinatal transmission prompted the institution of maternal HIV screening programs in many cities. As testing of women for HIV became more accepted and widespread, clinical problems specific to women, including cervical neoplasia, became more apparent. By the late 1980s, clinicians were beginning to address the role of HIV infection in cervical neoplasia. In 1988, Maiman et a132 reported that greater than 10% of patients in a colposcopy clinic in Brooklyn were HIV infected, as opposed to approximately 2% of patients in an obstetric clinic serving the same population. Cherry and Robinson15 later had similar results, reporting the rate of HIV infection in an inner city colposcopy clinic in New Orleans to be 1.5%, approximately double the 0.8% rate seen in an adjacent obstetric clinic. In 1990, Maiman and reported a series of HIV-infected women with invasive cervical neoplasia. The cancer persisted or recurred in all HIV-infected patients despite therapy, with a mean time to recurrence of 1 month. All patients died of cervical cancer, with a mean survival of 10 months. As a result of these findings, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in 1993 added moderate and severe cervical dysplasia as a category B defining condition and invasive cervical cancer as a category C defining condition of AIDS. Thus, cervical cancer in an HIV-infected woman is now sufficient to diagnose AIDS
A model for evaluating the vital factors affecting cloud computing adoption: Analysis of the services sector

Purpose Nowadays, the rapid growth of information technology strategies such as cloud computing is very noticeable in organizations. The advantages of the cloud environment are unavoidable because of an increase in innovation, flexibility and economy. Therefore, the critical topic is considering the factors affecting the adoption of cloud computing. This study aims to understand the factors of the adoption of cloud computing and its benefit in companies. Design/methodology/approach A research framework with four hypotheses has been developed based on the results of previous studies. Structural equation modeling has been used for data analysis. Findings The proposed model is verified by the results. In addition, the results have shown that cloud computing adoption is affected by four variables as follows, including human factor (with sub-indicator personal innovativeness and knowledge), organizational factor (with sub-indicator size, adequacy of resources and top management support), technical factor (with sub-indicator compatibility and security) and environmental factor (with sub-indicator regulatory environment, competitive pressure and trading partner). Research limitations/implications There are crucial implications in the findings: they have an essential contribution to the research community, administrators and Information and Communications Technology providers with respect to framing improved tactics for the adoption of cloud computing. The proposed model can enhance the perception of service providers about why some services sectors accept cloud computing amenities, whereas apparently the same ones having the same market situations do not. In addition, the above providers should enhance their interaction with the services sectors contributed to the cloud computing experience to make a well-organized setting for the adoption of cloud computing, and eliminate any ambiguity about this sort of technology. Moreover, the sample has been limited to Iran respondents. Practical implications The research studies about the usage of cloud computing have shown its effects on organizations today. Also, the different impacts of cloud computing on other contexts and organizations are in the center of attention. By carefully considering and managing cloud computing adoption logics, organizations could get significant advantages. Originality/value Cloud computing’s technical and operational issues have been central in most of the previous studies. Some surveys have referred to the adoption of cloud computing by the organizations in terms of human characteristics or the contextual factor. Therefore, there should be a model and outline to assess the effect of aforesaid factors on cloud computing adoption.
Deep Learning for Regularly Missing Data Reconstruction

Inspired by image-to-image translation, we applied deep learning (DL) to regularly missing data reconstruction, aimed at translating incomplete data into their corresponding complete data. With this purpose in mind, we first construct a network architecture based on an end-to-end U-Net convolutional network, which is a generic DL solution for various tasks. We then meticulously prepare the training data with both synthetic and field seismic data. This article is implemented in Python based on Keras (a high-level DL library). We described the network architecture, the training data, and the training settings in detail. For training the network, we employed a mean-squared-error loss function and an Adam optimization algorithm. Next, we tested the trained network with several typical data sets, achieving good performances (even in the presence of big gaps) and validating the feasibility, effectiveness, and generalization capability of the assessed framework. The feature maps for a sample going through the well-trained network are uncovered. Compared with the f-x prediction interpolation method, DL performs better and is capable of avoiding several assumptions (e.g., linearity, sparsity, etc.) associated with conventional interpolation methods. We demonstrated the influences of the network depth, the kernel size of the convolution window, and the pooling function on the DL results. We applied the trained network to dense data reconstruction successfully. The proposed method can overcome noise to some extent. We finally discussed some practical aspects and extensions of the evaluated framework.
Sindrom metabolik pada remaja obes: prevalensi dan hubungannya dengan kualitas diet

Background: The increasing prevalence of adolescents obesity in the last decade have an impact on the increased prevalence of adolescents metabolic syndrome (MetS). Diet quality is one of the determining factors in the incidence of adolescents obesity, so it can also be a factor for MetS. Objective: To analyze the relationship between diet quality and MetS risk factors in obese adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the 57 obese students in 7 th and 8 th grades of Nasima and Kesatrian Junior High School in Semarang. Blood pressure (BP) and waist circumference (WC) measurements, as well as blood samples for measurement of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), were conducted to determine the number of risk factors experienced by the subject. Diet quality was measured through assessment of food consumption using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Pearson and Spearman's test was used to determine the correlation between diet quality and MetS risk factors. Results: The majority of obese adolescents (96.5%) had a low-quality of diet. There were 31.6% subjects experienced pre-metabolic syndrome and 68.4% had MetS, with the prevalence of MetS, was higher in male subjects. The diet quality, variety, adequacy scores and fiber intake of the pre-metabolic syndrome group were higher than MetS group. Variety and adequacy scores had significant negative correlation with TG (r = -0.374, p=0.004; r = -0.357, p=0.006, respectively). There was no significant relationship between diet quality score and the number of MetS risk factors (p=0.538), although they had a negative correlation (r = -0.083). Conclusion: Prevalence of pre-metabolic syndrome and MetS was 31.6% and 68.4%. Though there was no significant relationship, diet quality had a negative correlation with the number of MetS risk factors. Variety and adequacy scores had a significant relationship with triglyceride levels.
Phase separation of Ede1 promotes the initiation of endocytic events

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is a major pathway that eukaryotic cells use to produce transport vesicles from the plasma membrane. The assembly of the endocytic coat is initiated by a dynamic network of weakly interacting proteins, but the exact mechanism of initiation is unknown. Ede1, the yeast homologue of mammalian Eps15, is one of the early-arriving endocytic proteins and a key initiation factor. In the absence of Ede1, most other early endocytic proteins lose their punctate localization and the frequency of endocytic initiation is decreased. We show here that in mutants with increased amounts of cytoplasmic Ede1, the excess protein forms large condensates which exhibit properties of phase separated liquid protein droplets. These Ede1 condensates recruit many other early-arriving endocytic proteins. Their formation depends on the core region of Ede1 that contains a coiled coil and a low-complexity domain. We demonstrate that Ede1 core region is essential for the endocytic function of Ede1. The core region can also promote clustering of a heterologous lipid-binding domain into discrete sites on the plasma membrane that initiate endocytic events. We propose that the clustering of the early endocytic proteins and cargo depend on phase separation mediated by Ede1.