Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of the literature and the experience of The University of the West Indies Haven Allahar and

The article reviews the literature in the field of academic journal publishing highlighting the phenomenon of the recent entry of Internet-driven open access journals into a field dominated by the traditional subscription journals. The article has a twofold purpose of gaining an understanding of the main features and characteristics of the open access journal system through a review of the literature; and assessing the extent of adoption of open access by researchers in the management discipline through a review of the management publications by the University of the West Indies (UWI) researchers. A sequential exploratory strategy of two phases was used. The first phase focused on the collection of secondary data on journal publishing and the second involved reviewing the publishing record of The UWI with particular reference to management research. The main finding is that open access was not fully embraced as a publishing outlet because of academic resistance derived from questions of acceptability, and the existence of a system that assigns greater recognition to the established subscription journals. The article concludes that open access journals have grown in respectability and quality and are a good option for publishing management research by authors located in developing regions, provided the operational characteristics of this mode of publishing are understood and caution in journal selection is exercised.
Repeatability estimates of external and internal egg quality traits in Japanese quail

Twenty-five (25) freshly laid Japanese quail (Cortunix japonica) eggs, randomly selected weekly for 7 weeks from the base population of 249 birds were used to estimate the repeatability of external and internal egg quality traits. External egg quality traits were Egg Weight (EWT), Egg Length (EL), Egg Width (EW), Shell Weight (SWT) and Shell Thickness (ST). Internal egg traits were Yolk Height (YH), Yolk Diameter (YD), Albumen Height (AH), Albumen Diameter (AD), Yolk Weight (YWT) and Albumen Weight (AWT). Variance components and Repeatability estimates were obtained using the one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the Computer aided Software, Statistical Analysis System (SAS, version 8). High repeatability estimate (0.76) was observed for egg weight. Only egg weight would require a maximum of 7 records to characterize the inherent producing ability of each hen. Selection for improvement using egg weight will result in good performance and significant genetic gain. More records would be needed to achieve this for other external and internal egg quality traits. From this study Egg weight should therefore be adopted as the key determinant for repeatability estimations in Japanese quail. Key words: Japanese quail, Egg traits, Internal, External, Repeatability
Mysidae (Mysida) of New Zealand; a checklist, identification key to species and an overview of material in New Zealand collections

Mysida are small, mostly marine crustaceans that are an important element of food webs, specifically as prey for several commercially important fish species. Taking their ecological and economical importance into account, relatively little attention is attributed to these organisms, and they are often neglected in biodiversity surveys and studies. To draw attention to these animals and stimulate research in New Zealand, we summarize information available for New Zealand Mysidae. We present a checklist of the 17 species recorded in New Zealand waters as well as a preliminary identification key to species based on the existing literature. We also provide an overview of mysid material available in collections in New Zealand.
Identifi cation of Sphingomonads on the Basis of Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplifi ed 16S rRNA Gene

Sphingomonas is a genus that is basically of environmental origin but can also be associated with health hazards, especially in the hospital environment where there is a great need to properly monitor water sources. The abundance and frequent isolation of derivatives of yellow pigmented colonies from drinking water samples in Lebanon—where an intermittent mode of supply is employed, and which induces frequent biofi lm sloughing—necessitated the establishment of a rapid and feasible assay to screen specifi cally for sphingomonads. In this study, 50 isolates recovered from drinking water with yellowto orange-pigmented colonies were used to establish a polymerase chain reaction-based (PCR-based) screening assay. The use of sphingomonad specifi c modifi ed primers gave one common band with a size of 320 bp in all presumptive and sequence confi rmed sphingomonads. However, no amplifi cation was observed with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Applying the PCR-based assay described in this paper increased both the effi ciency and the reliability of screening for sphingomonads in water samples, thereby minimizing related risk factors.
The Implication of Duke Treadmill Score (DTS) on the Extent of Coronary Artery Lesions by Angiography

Exercise testing is used to evaluate patients with coronary artery disease. The Duke treadmill score (DTS) is a composite index for diagnostic and prognostic estimates based on results of the exercise test. A cross sectional study used to assess patients referred to The Iraqi Centre for Heart Diseases with chest pain by exercise test and coronary angiography during the period from May 2013 to April 2014. A significant coronary artery lesion: ≥50% left main stem stenosis or, ≥70% stenosis in other epicardial vessels. Significant lesion in the left main stem or three vessels defines an extensive coronary artery disease (CAD). Non extensive disease means significant lesion in one or two vessels. 80 patients included in the study (40 patients with high risk DTS, and 40 patients with non-high risk DTS). 61 patients were males (76%), 19 patients were females (24%). 38 patients of the high risk group (95%) had a significant coronary artery disease, 13 patients of them (32%) had extensive coronary artery disease. More than half of the non-high risk group (58%) had no coronary lesion, 17 patients (42%) with significant coronary disease, with one patient with extensive coronary disease (P˂0.001). The Duke treadmill test provides diagnostic and prognostic information for the evaluation of symptomatic patients for clinically suspected ischemic heart disease.
Commentary on "A review of effect sizes and their confidence intervals, Part I: The Cohen's d family": The degrees of freedom for paired samples designs.

In their review of effect sizes of the Cohen’s d family, Goulet-Pelletier and Cousineau (2018) proposed several methods for generating confidence intervals for the unbiased standardized mean difference, g. Among them they proposed using degrees of freedom ν = 2(n − 1) instead of ν = (n − 1) for all paired samples designs that use a pooled standard deviation to standardize the mean difference (pooled paired samples) when calculating g and its confidence limits from a noncentral t distribution. Simulations demonstrate that the exact ν for a pooled paired samples design vary as a function of the population correlation ρ between 2(n − 1) at ρ = . 0 and (n − 1) at ρ = 1.0. This affects the calculation of g and the selection of the appropriate noncentral t distribution for calculating the confidence limits. Using a sample r to estimate the unknown ρ causes a further deviation from the presumed noncentral t distribution evenwhen the ν are known. These facts adversely affect the coverage of the confidence intervals computed as recommended by the authors. These methods for calculating noncentral t confidence intervals should not be used as described with pooled paired samples designs. Noncentral t confidence intervals for either a two sample design or a paired samples design where the mean difference is standardized by the standard deviation of the difference scores are unaffected by this problem. An R script and C source code are provided.
Not Quite White or Black: Biracial Students’ Perceptions of Threat and Belonging Across School Contexts

Stereotype threat posits that students who are members of negatively stereotyped groups in school should feel more threat and less belonging, especially in schools with large achievement disparities and low racial/ethnic minority representation. This research has focused primarily on the experiences of negatively stereotyped monoracial minority students, but for a biracial Black/White student who claims both a negatively stereotyped (e.g., Black) and a positively stereotyped (e.g., White) identity, do these outcomes vary? We assessed 1,399 biracial Black/White, monoracial Black, and monoracial White middle school students’ perceptions of threat and belonging in school, across four lower-stereotype-salient schools (i.e., racially diverse schools) and seven higher-stereotype-salient schools (i.e., racially homogeneous schools). Biracial students reported a similar amount of threat across school contexts, whereas monoracial students’ threat was differentially context dependent. These findings suggest biracial students may face unique identity-related threats in school and point to a need to develop supports specific to their experiences.
Annual and long-term variation in the survival rates of British lapwings Vanellus vanellus

In many parts of Britain and in other parts of western Europe, the lapwing Vanellus vanellus is declining. In order to determine if the decline in numbers was associated with a reduction in adult or first-year survival rates, an analysis of British ringing recoveries was conducted. There was no evidence that survival after the first year of life was age-dependent. Mean annual adult survival (1930-88) is estimated at 0.705 ± 0.031 (±95% confidence intervals). Since 1960, adult survival has increased to 0.752 ± 0.046. Two weather variables (mean winter soil temperature and total winter rainfall) explained 69% of the variation in adult survival rates between 1961 and 1979. Mean first-year survival (1930-87) is estimated at 0.595 ± 0.040 (±95% confidence intervals)
Extreme flow variability analysis at the Bianouan hydrometric station on the Bia River watershed in Côte d'Ivoire

Abstract. Extreme hydrological phenomena recurrence in West Africa in recent decades is a problem in the anthropized watershed management. Link analysis between extreme hydrological phenomena and climate variability is necessary to guard against their consequences. However, qualitative data accessing difficulties and explanatory variable definition of extremes hydrological phenomena limit extreme flows rate studies. This study proposes the analysis the variability of the floods and the low flows at the Bianouan hydrometric station. Thus, five (5) floods characteristics variables (QCX5, QXJA, F90p, F95p and F99p) and three (3) for, the low flows (VCN10, QJNA and F10p) were extracted daily flows from the Bianouan hydrometric station from 1 January 1962 to 31 December 2005. The variability of these extremes has been studied by the trend analysis (linear regression) and of the stationarity (Pettitt and Hubert tests). The results show that for flood variables the negative trend is very significant and ruptures are observed in 1980. For low flow variables the negative trend is significant and the ruptures are observed in 1981. From this study, we can deduce that the ruptures observed in the rains and flows average in the end 1960s and early 1970s have affected later the extreme flows around the 1980s.
Performance of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Fed on Six Host Plants: Potential Risks to Mid-high Latitude Crops in China

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphggous and widespread insect pest. In the study, the biological characteristics and nutritional indices of S. frugiperda fed on six crops, namely corn, sorghum, wheat, soybean, peanut, and cotton, were investigated under laboratory conditions. These crops are cultivated mainly in the mid-high latitude of China. Results showed that S. frugiperda was able to develop and reproduce on all six tested plants. Larvae reared on corn exhibited a significant shorter larval and pupal duration, higher pupal weight, and higher fecundity, which were 16.2 d, 8.9 d, 0.248 g, and 979.4 eggs per female, respectively. The host plant significantly affected relative growth, consumption, and metabolic rates, as well as other nutritional indices. Biology and nutritional indexes suggested that corn was the most suitable host. Besides, peanut, sorghum, and wheat have also been shown to be the suitable hosts for S. frugiperda. Although cotton and soybean were found to be less adequate, high larval and pupal survivors recorded on cotton and soybean leaves have indicated that damage may occur in these plants. This work reveals the damage risk of potential hosts of S. frugiperda, lays the foundation for the design of pest management strategies.
Chloroplast Polyribosomes and Synthesis of Fraction 1 Protein in the Developing Wheat Leaf

In a study of the development of the second leaf of seedling wheat, the contents per lamina of fraction 1 protein and total soluble protein increased for 6 days after leaf emergence, and the contents of cytoplasmic and chloroplast rRNA for 5 days. Net synthesis of fraction 1 protein per unit of cyto-plasmic and chloroplast rRNA decreased with time. During the growth phase, incorporation of radioactive amino acids into fraction 1 protein was proportional to the amount of, rather than the rate of increase of, fraction 1 protein. After the maximum content of fraction 1 protein had been reached, incorporation into fraction 1 protein decreased both with time and relatively to other soluble proteins. The content of RNA and the proportion of rRNA found in cytoplasmic and chloroplast polyribosomes also fell. The rate of decrease in incorporation into fraction 1 protein exceeded the rate of decrease in chloroplast polyribosomes. We conclude that chloroplast polyribosomes are active in the turnover of fraction 1 protein large subunit during the growth phase, but are proportionately more active in making other proteins in older leaves.
An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management

ABSTRACT Despite a changing world in terms of data sharing, availability, and transparency, there are still major resource issues associated with collating datasets that will satisfy the requirements of comprehensive pesticide risk assessments, especially those undertaken at a regional or national scale. In 1996, a long-term project was initiated to begin collating and formatting pesticide data to eventually create a free-to-all repository of data that would provide a comprehensive transparent, harmonized, and managed extensive dataset for all types of pesticide risk assessments. Over the last 20 years, this database has been keeping pace with improving risk assessments, their associated data requirements, and the needs and expectations of database end users. In 2007, the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) was launched as a free-to-access website. Currently, the PPDB holds data for almost 2300 pesticide active substances and over 700 metabolites. For each substance around 300 parameters are stored, covering human health, environmental quality, and biodiversity risk assessments. With the approach of the twentieth anniversary of the database, this article seeks to elucidate the current data model, data sources, its validation, and quality control processes and describes a number of existing risk assessment applications that depend upon it.
Effect of Coloring Beverages on Esthetic Restoration in Primary Teeth

Purpose:In-vitro studyto assess the effect of children’s coloring beverages on resin modified glass ionomer and compomer in relation to microleakage, color stability, microhardness. Materials and Methods:Microleakage was evaluated in eighty extracted primary molars, standard class V cavities were prepared on buccal surfaces of the teeth. They were randomly divided into two equal groups (n=40) according to tested materials. For color and microhardness assessment 160 disks were prepared using teflon mold, each disk was 5mm diameter and 2mm thickness. Disks divided into two groups each (n=80) according to type of restoration used. Each group was divided into four subgroups regarding beverages used to: Water (subgroup A),Orange (subgroup B), Pepsi (subgroup C), Chocolate milk (subgroup D). Samples were immersed in beverages for 3 hours per day and the rest of the day in distilled waterfor 7 days. Microleakage test was assessed by dye penetration technique and observed under a stereomicroscope. For color valueseach specimen was measuredusing a portable Reflective spectrophotometer. Microhardness measurements was determined using Vickers Microhardness Tester. Results: Two groups demonstrated interfacial microleakage, susceptibility to discoloration and decrease in microhardness at the same time in all beverages. microleakage and color change was greater in resin modified glass ionomer than compomer there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) between the two groups regarding microleakage except in water subgroup(P≤0.05) and statistical significant difference (P≤0.05) between the two groups regarding color change. Furthermore, microhardness values in compomer was higher rather than resin modified glass ionomer with significant difference(P≤0.05). Regarding beverages used, Pepsi subgroup showed the higher microleakage value, greater color change and least microhardness value in comparing with other subgroups: orange juice, Chocolate milk and distilled water. Conclusion:Coloring beverages particularly pepsi cola adversely affect microleakage, color change, microhardness of esthetic restorative materials used in this study. otherwise, compomer is less affected than resin modified glass ionomer. Key Word: compomer, resin modified glass ionomer, microleakage, color stability, microhardness. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 18-07-2020 Date of Acceptance: 02-08-2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Diet Composition of the Large Herbivores in Mkambati Nature Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa

We used stable carbon isotopes from faeces to investigate the proportional contribution of C3 and C4 plant forms to the diet of the herbivores in Mkambati Nature Reserve, a grassland dominated ecosystem on the east coast of South Africa. Our results indicate that Equus burchellii, Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi, and Alcelaphus buselaphus utilize mainly C4 grasses. Tragelaphus oryx, Potamochoerus larvatus, Tragelaphus scriptus and Antidorcas marsupialis utilized mainly C3 plant forms but Redunca arundinum utilized an approximately equal amount of C3 and C4 plants. The results indicated similar trends compared to the more arid savanna systems (i.e. Kruger National Park in South Africa and several national parks in Kenya) with a few notable differences in some species (i.e. red hartebeest, southern reedbuck, eland, bushbuck and bushpig).
Effect of different cooking methods on the proximate and sensory attributes of orange fleshed sweet potato harvested from Jigawa State Nigeria

The effects of different cooking methods on the proximate and sensory evaluation of orangefleshed sweet potatoes were investigated. The cooking methods used were boiling, roasting, steaming, and frying. The result of the proximate composition showed that the roasted orangefleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) had the highest ash content ranging from 1.26-1.99%, crude protein 2.12-3.99%, crude fiber 0.45-1.55%, and carbohydrate content 15.25-40.75% with a decrease in the moisture content from 72.44% 50.23%. The fat content of the OFSP, ranging from 0.26-2.56%, with the fried sample having the highest than the other samples. Sensory analysis results showed that color ranged from 5.20-6.36 with the roasted sample as the least preferred and fried sample as most preferred. Results show that the toasted sample was significantly (p<0.05) different from all others. Roasting had an effect on the color of the OFSP due to crust that was formed on the toasted potato. The taste of the OFSP samples ranged from 4.75-6.12 with the boiled and steamed samples having the least values and with a roasted and fried sample as most preferred in terms of taste. The mouthfeel of the processed OFSP ranged from 4.01-5.20 with the boiled and steamed samples as the least, while fried and toasted samples as the highest. The texture ranged from 4.85-5.56 with the fried sample as the most preferred. Overall, the acceptability of the OFSP ranged from 4.97-5.75 with steamed and boiled samples having the least and fried sample as most preferred. Samples with different cooking methods showed a significant (p<0.05) difference in taste, mouthfeel, texture, and overall acceptability from each other.
Corrosion Resistance of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions by Clinopodium acinos as a Green Inhibitor

Study of corrosion inhibition for mild steel in 1M HCl by Clinopodium acinos (CA) extract was evaluated by altered methods. These methods are WL, electrochemical tests (Electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM), potentiodynamic polarization (PP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)) and surface examination performances (AFM, ATRFTIR and XPS). The CA extract concentrations are (50, 100, 150, 200, 250,300 ppm) at altered temperatures 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 C.WL curves showed raising the inhibition efficiency of M-S by increasing CA concentration and lowering the temperature. PP curves explained that CA extract act as a mixed type inhibitor. The green inhibitor was utilized because of its lower price and not affect the environment.
Intraseasonal Variability of δ 18 O of Precipitation over the Indonesian Maritime Continent Related to the Madden – Julian Oscillation

Intraseasonal variability of precipitation over the Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC) is related mainly to the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). The MJO enhances and suppresses precipitation around the IMC according to its phase. This study examined the relationship between the MJO and the stable isotope of the precipitation over the IMC. Observations and simulation data from an isotope circulation model and colored moisture analysis (ICM/CMA) were used. Temporal analyses of the observed and simulated data showed that an active MJO stage, associated with a positive precipitation anomaly over the IMC, was correlated with the depletion of δOp at all stations. Spatial analysis of the total column precipitable water from the ICM/CMA revealed that during the MJO phase 3−5, water of Indian Ocean origin reached as far as western parts of Borneo and Bali. For other part of the IMC in these phases, vapor was refreshed from the South Maritime Continent Ocean and North Maritime Continent Ocean. Water that originated from the Pacific Ocean traveled westward during MJO phases 3−5, and it retreated eastward during phases 6−8. (Citation: Belgaman, H. A., K. Ichiyanagi, M. Tanoue, R. Suwarman, K. Yoshimura, S. Mori, N. Kurita, M. D. Yamanaka, and F. Syamsudin, 2016: Intraseasonal variability of δO of precipitation over the Indonesian Maritime Continent related to the Madden–Julian Oscillation. SOLA, 12, 192−197, doi:10.2151/ sola.2016-039.)