Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apocrine and eccrine hidrocystomas: a clinicopathological study.

INTRODUCTION Eccrine and apocrine hidrocystomas are uncommon, benign, cystic proliferations of the sweat glands usually located on the head and neck area. OBJECTIVES To describe the key clinical and histopathological characteristics of a large series of hidrocystomas in Greece to improve diagnostic accuracy, and to perform a historical review of the medical term hidrocystoma. METHODS A case series of 22 hidrocystomas from 20 consecutive patients treated with surgery at University Hospital of Heraklion in Crete, Greece, from January 1, 1998 to January 1, 2020 was performed along with a comprehensive historical literature review of the term hidrocystoma and its corresponding term hydatis from ancient Greek literature to the present. Data were obtained from medical records. All patients had a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of hidrocystoma. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections of 22 tumors of the 20 consecutive patients were retrieved from the pathology laboratory archive and stained for SMA, p63, and GCDFP-15 with immunochemistry and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) histochemical stain. RESULTS Overall, 22 hidrocystomas (11 apocrine and 11 eccrine hidrocystomas) surgically excised from 20 patients were included in this study. Of the 20 patients, 10 (50%) were male and 10 (50%) were female, with a mean age of 56 ± 15 years. Hidrocystomas commonly occurred on the eyelids (73%), inner canthus (9%), eyebrow (4.5%), neck (4.5%), nose (4.5%), and ear (4.5%). All apocrine hidrocystomas stained positive for SMA, GCDFP-15, CAM 5.2, PAS, and PAS-D. No recurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS Here we have presented the clinicopathological characteristics of the largest case series of hidrocystomas in Europe and the Mediterranean region. Only apocrine hidrocystomas stained positive for SMA, GCDFP-15, CAM 5.2, PAS, and PAS-D.
Knowledge and perceptions of synthetic cannabinoids among university students in Jordan

The emergence of blends of synthetic cannabinoids (SC) is an alarming public health concern in Jordan and worldwide. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions of university students of SC. A cross-sectional study employing a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 1,789 university students in Jordan. The questionnaire measured the knowledge and perceptions of students of SC. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to investigate the potential predictors of good knowledge of SC. Perceptions of students regarding SC use, prevalence and availability were investigated using principal component analysis. Self-reported familiarity with SC was high (92.5%), while good knowledge was only demonstrated by (33.6%) of students. Predictors of good knowledge included being a smoker (aOR = 1.369, 95% Cl = 11.041–1.871, p = .026), an alcohol user (aOR = 2.134, 95% CI = 1.362–3.346, p = .001), being informed by traditional media (aOR = 1.367, 95% CI = 11.113–1.679, p = .003), social media (aOR = 1.241, 95% CI = 1.161–1.403, p = .021) and self-familiarity with SC (aOR = 2.499, 95% CI = 1.518–4.114, p < .0001). Students perceived SC use to be prevalent and ethically unacceptable, for religious, social, and legal reasons. There were significant differences in the ethical perceptions against the use of SC detected by gender (p < .0001), smoking (p < .0001) or alcohol use (p = .001), and being informed by both traditional media (p-.001) and social media (p = .001), but there were no differences by the level of knowledge (p = .057). Those of good knowledge and those of low knowledge did not differ on their ethical perceptions of using SC. This study showed that there was a low level of knowledge regarding SC among university students in Jordan, which may play a role in the use of SC in the country. Herein, many opportunities exist for public health education to raise awareness against SC use.
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish version of the Morningness - Eveningness Stability Scale improved (MESSi) in Adolescents

ABSTRACT Morningness–Eveningness Stability Scale improved (MESSi) is an assessment tool that evaluates distinctness of daily changes as well as the person’s propensity for morningness and eveningness. The aim of this study is to evaluate psychometric properties of the Turkish version of MESSi and associations of chronotypes and diurnal variations with personality, affect, sleep quality as well as validity of the scale in Turkish adolescents. The sample of this study consisted of 445 students between ages of 10–19. Participants filled in MESSi, Morningness/Eveningness Scale for Children, Composite Scale of Morningness, Personality Traits Scale (BIG-5), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Reliability analysis of the scale showed quite reliable internal consistency values. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test construct validity of three-factor model of MESSi. An acceptable model fit was demonstrated in CFA. There was a moderate and significant relationship between MA and DI subscale scores of MESSi. A moderate but negative correlation was found between MA and EV subscale scores of MESSi. MA and DI subscale scores of MESSi were found to be weakly correlated with conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience and subscale scores of BIG-5, respectively. There was a positive correlation of positive affect subscale scores of PANAS with MA and DI subscale scores of MESSi. MA subscale scores of MESSi were found to be negatively correlated with scores of subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, disturbances, habitual sleep efficiency, daytime dysfunction, and global scores of PSQI. This study shows that Turkish version of MESSi is valid and reliable for use in adolescents. Three-factor MESSi provides an advantage over other chronotype scales in adolescence since it includes DI subscale as well as MA and EV subscales. Psychometric results were supported by other chronotype scales and clinical features such as sleep, affect, and personality.
Effect of cryopreservation on a rare McLeod donor red blood cell concentrate

Abstract Units of red blood cell (RBC) concentrates with rare phenotypes are typically not included in method validation studies for cryopreservation processes; rather, they are reserved for patients with rare blood needs. Some rare RBC phenotypes may demonstrate membrane abnormalities, like acanthocytosis as observed for RBCs with the McLeod phenotype, and are specifically banked for these rare attributes; however, the impact that rare RBC phenotypes have on post-thaw quality has not been well studied. To evaluate how a rare RBC phenotype is affected by the cryopreservation process, 4 RBC units, cryopreserved in 1993 using manual methods, were selected for evaluation. These RBCs included one with the McLeod phenotype and three with phenotypes not known to cause significant membrane changes. Post-thaw, an altered deglycerolization protocol, implemented to reduce supernatant glycerol after cryopreservation, was used before processing RBCs on an automated closed system (ACP 215; Haemonetics, Boston, MA) to accommodate the use of a closed system cell processor not available when the RBC units were previously cryopreserved. RBC quality was tested at 24 hours, 7 days, and 14 days post-deglycerolization. Before deglycerolization, an extracted sample from the thawed glycerolized RBC unit was used to obtain genetic material for phenotype confirmation. Genotyping confirmed the McLeod phenotype. When comparing McLeod with non-McLeod units, RBCs from the McLeod donor exhibited acanthocytosis, higher rigidity, and lower morphology scores than RBCs from the non-McLeod units post-deglycerolization. Hemolysis, however, was comparable across all 4 units, meeting regulatory standards. Therefore, McLeod RBCs can withstand cryopreservation, suggesting that units from these donors, glycerolized using older methods, can be deglycerolized using the ACP 215 and stored hypothermically for 14 days. It was also determined that genotyping can be performed on non-leukocyte–reduced cryopreserved RBCs, allowing for confirmation of genetic profiles of donor units banked before the implementation of molecular methods.
A hidden web of policy influence: The pharmaceutical industry’s engagement with UK’s All-Party Parliamentary Groups

Our objective was to examine conflicts of interest between the UK’s health-focused All-Party Parliamentary Groups (APPGs) and the pharmaceutical industry between 2012 and 2018. APPGs are informal cross-party groups revolving around a particular topic run by and for Members of the UK’s Houses of Commons and Lords. They facilitate engagement between parliamentarians and external organisations, disseminate knowledge, and generate debate through meetings, publications, and events. We identified APPGs focusing on physical or mental health, wellbeing, health care, or treatment and extracted details of their payments from external donors disclosed on the Register for All-Party Parliamentary Groups. We identified all donors which were pharmaceutical companies and pharmaceutical industry-funded patient organisations. We established that sixteen of 146 (11%) health-related APPGs had conflicts of interest indicated by reporting payments from thirty-five pharmaceutical companies worth £1,211,345.81 (16.6% of the £7,283,414.90 received by all health-related APPGs). Two APPGs (Health and Cancer) received more than half of the total value provided by drug companies. Fifty APPGs also had received payments from patient organisations with conflicts of interest, indicated by reporting 304 payments worth £986,054.94 from 57 (of 84) patient organisations which had received £27,883,556.3 from pharmaceutical companies across the same period. In total, drug companies and drug industry-funded patient organisations provided a combined total of £2,197,400.75 (30.2% of all funding received by health-related APPGs) and 468 (of 1,177–39.7%) payments to 58 (of 146–39.7%) health-related APPGs, with the APPG for Cancer receiving the most funding. In conclusion, we found evidence of conflicts of interests through APPGs receiving substantial income from pharmaceutical companies. Policy influence exerted by the pharmaceutical industry needs to be examined holistically, with an emphasis on relationships between actors potentially playing part in its lobbying campaigns. We also suggest ways of improving transparency of payment reporting by APPGs and pharmaceutical companies.
Neurochemical biomarkers to study CNS effects of COVID‐19: A narrative review and synthesis

Neurological symptoms are frequently reported in patients suffering from COVID‐19. Common CNS‐related symptoms include anosmia, caused by viral interaction with either neurons or supporting cells in nasal olfactory tissues. Diffuse encephalopathy is the most common sign of CNS dysfunction, which likely results from the CNS consequences of the systemic inflammatory syndrome associated with severe COVID‐19. Additionally, microvascular injuries and thromboembolic events likely contribute to the neurologic impact of acute COVID‐19. These observations are supported by evidence of CNS immune activation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in autopsy tissue, along with the detection of microvascular injuries in both pathological and neuroimaging studies. The frequent occurrence of thromboembolic events in patients with COVID‐19 has generated different hypotheses, among which viral interaction with perivascular cells is particularly attractive, yet unproven. A distinguishing feature of CSF findings in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is that clinical signs characteristic of neurotropic viral infections (CSF pleocytosis and blood–brain barrier injury) are mild or absent. Moreover, virus detection in CSF is rare and often of uncertain significance. In this review, we provide an overview of the neurological impact that occurs in the acute phase of COVID‐19, and the role of CSF biomarkers in the clinical management and research to better treat and understand the disease. In addition to aiding as diagnostic and prognostic tools during acute infection, the use of comprehensive and well‐characterized CSF and blood biomarkers will be vital in understanding the potential impact on the CNS in the rapidly increasing number of individuals recovering from COVID‐19.
Will land circulation sway “grain orientation”? The impact of rural land circulation on farmers’ agricultural planting structures

This study calculates the effect of different types of land circulation on farmers’ decision-making regarding agricultural planting structure, using field survey data involving 1,120 households in Hubei province, China, and PSM (propensity score matching) and GPSM (general propensity score matching) methods. Results from PSM showed that land circulation could significantly increase farmers’ decisions to plant food crops, which confirms the positive effect of rural land circulation on the “grain orientation” of crop planting structure. Results from GPSM further indicate that the total land circulation, the paddy land circulation, and the dry land circulation all have significantly positive effects on planting structure adjustment towards “grain orientation. ” Additionally, planting structure adjustment towards “grain orientation” increases as the scale of land circulation increases, and the former shows a higher rate of increase than the latter, which confirms that rural land circulation facilitates an adjustment in structure towards planting food crops.
‘In the night kitchen’: A scoping review on the night eating syndrome

Background: First described in 1955, night eating syndrome refers to an abnormal eating behavior clinically defined by the presence of evening hyperphagia (>25% of daily caloric intake) and/or nocturnal awaking with food ingestion occurring ⩾ 2 times per week. Aims: Although the syndrome is frequently comorbid with obesity, metabolic and psychiatric disorders, its etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, assessment and treatment still remain not fully understood. Methods: This review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines; PubMed database was searched until 31 October 2020, using the key terms: ‘Night Eating Syndrome’ AND ‘complications’ OR ‘diagnosis’ OR ‘drug therapy’ OR ‘epidemiology’ OR ‘etiology’ OR ‘physiology’ OR ‘physiopathology’ OR ‘psychology’ OR ‘therapy’. Results: From a total of 239 citations, 120 studies assessing night eating syndrome met the inclusion criteria to be included in the review. Conclusion: The inclusion of night eating syndrome into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 ‘Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders’ category should drive the attention of clinician and researchers toward this syndrome that is still defined by evolving diagnostic criteria. The correct identification and assessment of NES could facilitate the detection and the diagnosis of this disorder, whose bio-psycho-social roots support its multifactorial nature. The significant rates of comorbid illnesses associated with NES and the overlapping symptoms with other eating disorders require a focused clinical attention. Treatment options for night eating syndrome include both pharmacological (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, topiramate and melatonergic drugs) and non-pharmachological approaches; the combination of such strategies within a multidisciplinary approach should be addressed in future, well-sized and long-term studies.
A survey of distracted driving and electronic device use among app-based and taxi drivers

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify, characterize and compare attitudes, beliefs, behaviors and other factors related to electronic device (ED) use and distracted driving (DD) among taxi and app-based drivers. Methods A survey among drivers in San Diego and across the United States was used to collect self-reported attitudes and behaviors among taxi and app-based passenger-carrying drivers from October 1, 2016 to January 31, 2017. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used to assess the difference between sociodemographics, ED use, ED use attitudes, and citation and crash history by driver type. Prevalence ratios were assessed for differences in ED use and ED use attitudes by driver type using Poisson regression models with robust error variance and a log link function. The final models adjusted for age, sex, level of experience, education and English fluency. All analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4. Results Of the 175 drivers that met eligibility criteria, 131 reported driving for app-based services and 44 identified as taxi drivers. Compared to taxi drivers, app-based drivers were more likely to be female, native English speaking, and have fewer than 3 years of experience in the transportation business. All drivers reported at least one type of DD while the car was in motion. App-based drivers were significantly more likely to use a smartphone while driving (adjusted prevalence ratio (APR): 1.42), report that while driving it is safe or very safe to accept a call (APR: 1.73), receive/respond to a passenger request (APR: 3.40), or process a payment (APR: 5.39). Taxi drivers were more likely to either receive a citation for ED use (31.8% v 7.6%, p < 0.001) or be in a collision while using ED (29.6% v 4.6%, p < 0.001). Almost all drivers who received a citation or who were involved in a crash reported becoming somewhat or significantly more cautious about using ED while driving. Conclusions Drivers in the small passenger-carrying transportation industry engage in DD frequently due to occupational demands. Given the known increased crash risk with DD, effective policies and interventions for app-based and taxi drivers are needed.
A multirater perspective on personality and performance: An empirical examination of the trait-reputation-identity model.

Organizational scientists have historically assessed personality via self-reports, but there is a growing recognition that personality ratings from observers offer superior prediction of job performance compared to targets' self-reports. Yet, the origin of these differences remains unclear: do observers show predictive validity advantages (a) because they have a clearer lens into how targets' thoughts, feelings, and desires translate to their behaviors (traits), (b) because they infer personality from how targets characteristically adapt their behaviors to situations (reputation), or (c) because they omit targets' unexpressed, internal aspects of personality (identity)? With a sample of 422 cadets at a highly selective military educational institute in South Korea, we applied (McAbee & Connelly, 2016) Trait-Reputation-Identity (TRI) Model to decompose consensus and discrepancy in multirater personality data. The variance associated with reputations (the unique personality insights held by observers) dominated the prediction for conscientiousness and agreeableness in predicting all criteria. Trait factors (reflecting the consensus between self- and observer-reports) were moderately related to ratings of job performance, citizenship, and grades for most theoretically aligned personality dimensions. Identity factors (targets' unique personality self-views) were generally unrelated to performance criteria, save for some modest positive relationships for conscientiousness (predicting work and academic performance) and agreeableness (predicting citizenship). These findings suggest that personality is an important determinant of success less by depicting "who employees are" (or "who they think they are") but more by describing "what employees do. " We discuss the implications of these results for how multirater assessments can be built into organizational psychology research and practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Defining AKD: The Spectrum of AKI, AKD, and CKD

Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines address the definition, classification, and management of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). In practice, some clinical presentations of acute kidney diseases and disorders (AKD) do not meet the criteria for AKI or CKD. In principle, these presentations may be caused by the same diseases that cause AKI or CKD, which could be detected, evaluated, and treated before they evolve to AKI or CKD. In 2020, KDIGO convened a consensus conference to review recent evidence on the epidemiology of AKD and harmonize the definition and classification of AKD to be consistent with KDIGO definitions and classifications of AKI and CKD.
The Persistence of Priming: Exploring Long-lasting Syntactic Priming Effects in Children and Adults

The implicit learning account of syntactic priming proposes that the same mechanism underlies syntactic priming and language development, providing a link between a child and adult language processing. The present experiment tested predictions of this account by comparing the persistence of syntactic priming effects in children and adults. Four-year-olds and adults first described transitive events after hearing transitive primes, constituting an exposure phase that established priming effects for passives. The persistence of this priming effect was measured in a test phase as participants described further transitive events but no longer heard primes. Their production of passives was compared to a baseline group who described the same pictures without any exposure to primes. Neither immediate nor long-term priming effects differed between children and adults but both children and adults showed significant immediate and persistent effects of the priming when the test phase occurred immediately after the exposure phase and when a short delay separated the exposure and test phase. The implications of these results for an implicit learning account of syntactic priming are discussed.
Short recipient warm ischemia time improves outcomes in deceased donor liver transplantation

While adverse effects of prolonged recipient warm ischemia time (rWIT) in liver transplantation (LT) have been well investigated, few studies have focused on possible positive prognostic effects of short rWIT. We aim to investigate if shortening rWIT can further improve outcomes in donation after brain death liver transplant (DBD‐LT). Primary DBD‐LT between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided according to rWIT (≤30, 31–40, 41–50, and >50 min). The requirement of intraoperative transfusion, early allograft dysfunction (EAD), and graft survival were compared between the rWIT groups. A total of 1,256 patients of DBD‐LTs were eligible. rWIT was ≤30min in 203 patients (15.7%), 31–40min in 465 patients (37.3%), 41–50min in 353 patients (28.1%), and >50min in 240 patients (19.1%). There were significant increasing trends of transfusion requirement (P < 0.001) and increased estimated blood loss (EBL, P < 0.001), and higher lactate level (P < 0.001) with prolongation of rWIT. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated the lowest risk of EAD in the WIT ≤30min group. After risk adjustment, patients with rWIT ≤30 min showed a significantly lower risk of graft loss at 1 and 5‐years, compared to other groups. The positive prognostic impact of rWIT ≤30min was more prominent when cold ischemia time exceeded 6 h. In conclusion, shorter rWIT in DBD‐LT provided significantly better post‐transplant outcomes.