Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resolving the problem of galaxy clustering on small scales: any new physics needed?

Galaxy clustering sets strong constraints on the physics governing galaxy formation and evolution. However, most current models fail to reproduce the clustering of low-mass galaxies on small scales (r < 1 Mpc h(-1)). In this paper, we study the galaxy clusterings predicted from a few semi-analytical models. We first compare two Munich versions, Guo et al. and De Lucia & Blaizot. The Guo11 model well reproduces the galaxy stellar mass function, but overpredicts the clustering of low-mass galaxies on small scales. The DLB07 model provides a better fit to the clustering on small scales, but overpredicts the stellar mass function. These seem to be puzzling. The clustering on small scales is dominated by galaxies in the same dark matter halo, and there is slightly more fraction of satellite galaxies residing in massive haloes in the Guo11 model, which is the dominant contribution to the clustering discrepancy between the two models. However, both models still overpredict the clustering at 0.1 < r < 10 Mpc h(-1) for low-mass galaxies. This is because both models overpredict the number of satellites by 30 per cent in massive haloes than the data. We show that the Guo11 model could be slightly modified to simultaneously fit the stellar mass function and clusterings, but that cannot be easily achieved in the DLB07 model. The better agreement of DLB07 model with the data actually comes as a coincidence as it predicts too many low-mass central galaxies which are less clustered and thus brings down the total clustering. Finally, we show the predictions from the semi-analytical models of Kang et al. We find that this model can simultaneously fit the stellar mass function and galaxy clustering if the supernova feedback in satellite galaxies is stronger. We conclude that semi-analytical models are now able to solve the small-scales clustering problem, without invoking of any other new physics or changing the dark matter properties, such as the recent favoured warm dark matter.
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Impair the Proliferation of Monocytes Through Cell Cycle Interference

Introduction: Monocytes are essential phagocytic cells of the innate immune system as they are required for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. However, accumulation of monocytes is implicated in various chronic inflammatory diseases like coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and in autoimmune disorders. Therefore, the number of monocytes must be carefully regulated to avoid monocyte induced inflammatory disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown to be effective against various inflammatory diseases due to their immunosuppressive properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the less understood immunomodulatory effect of MSCs on monocyte proliferation and survival. Method: Primary monocytes were isolated from peripheral human blood using CD14+ monocyte isolation kit. The in house produced umbilical cord MSCs were co-cultured with monocytes at different ratio and time; assessed for the monocyte viability, proliferation and cell cycle. Results: Mesenchymal stem cells suppressed monocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The antiproliferative effect of MSCs was mediated by cell cycle arrest, whereby monocytes were arrested in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle by preventing them from progress into S and G2/M phases. Although cell cycle arrest could potentially lead to apoptosis; however, MSCs significantly enhanced the monocytes survival and inhibited apoptosis. Conclusion: Human MSCs inhibit the stimulated monocyte proliferation without inducing cellular apoptosis at in vitro. These results reveal that MSCs can be utilised to control monocytes’ quantity during an unwanted immune response to maintain homeostasis.
A glance beyond the quantum model

One of the most important problems in physics is to reconcile quantum mechanics with general relativity, and some authors have suggested that this may be realized at the expense of having to drop the quantum formalism in favour of a more general theory. Here, we propose a mechanism to make general claims on the microscopic structure of the Universe by postulating that any post-quantum theory should recover classical physics in the macroscopic limit. We use this mechanism to bound the strength of correlations between distant observers in any physical theory. Although several quantum limits are recovered, such as the set of two-point quantum correlators, our results suggest that there exist plausible microscopic theories of Nature that predict correlations impossible to reproduce in any quantum mechanical system.
E CONOMIC G ROWTH IN L ATIN A MERICA : S OURCES AND P ROSPECTS *

This paper examines the growth experience of Latin America and discusses future prospects. For this purpose we use alternative approaches. We first perform growth decompositions to look at the behavior of total factor productivity and examine differences across regions of the world and within Latin America. Then, we use cross-country growth regressions to compare the relative performance of Latin American countries vis-à-vis the rest of the world. This approach allows us to go beyond the traditional, and perhaps misleading, straightjacket of attributing growth to productivity or investment. It highlights the role of human resources, and institutional and policy factors. With this framework we show high inflation and inward looking development strategy are the main reason for the low growth of Latin America. But, as reforms have advanced within the region, growth prospects have improved.
Market Performance of Cashew Nuts among Marketers in North–Central Geo-Political Zone, Nigeria

:- The major aim of this study was to assess the performance of cashew nuts markets in North Central Nigeria. Category of actors in the cashew nuts supply chain selected for this study include farmers (producers), village agents, merchants and local buying agents (LBAs). Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 396 cashew nuts marketers selected from Kogi, Nasarawa and Kwara States using multi-stage random sampling technique. Majors statistical tools used in assessing market performance of cashew nuts marketers include descriptive and market margin analysis. Seven major cashew nuts marketing channels and five major actors involved in the channeling of cashew nut from the farmers to the consumers were identified by this study. All participants in the cashew nuts market supply chain studied made profit as revealed by the net margin of N510,034.41, N174,591.25, N627,512.78 and N135,266.70 for merchants, village agents, LBAs and farmers respectively. The profit ratio of 0.18, 0.15, 0.29 and 0.45 for merchants, village agents, LBAs and farmers respectively imply that for every N100 invested in cashew nuts marketing, N18, N15, N29 and N45 were realized as profit, respectively. ANOVA results revealed that the average revenue at the three States was significant at 0.05 level while the Turkey B test showed that revenue was higher in Kogi and Kwara than Nasarawa State. Also the ANOVA results revealed that marketing margin in the three States was significant at 10% level while the Turkey B test, revealed that there was no significant difference in the market margin across the three States at 0.05 % level of significance.
Emotionally affective imaginations in�uence the Adaptive Force in young women: unpleasant imaginations reduce instantaneously the muscular holding capacity

: The influence of emotionally affective imaginations on the Adaptive Force (AF) in healthy participants was recently shown in an exploratory study. The AF describes the neuromuscular capacity to adapt to increasing forces, which was suggested to be especially vulnerable for interfering inputs. This study investigated the influence of pleasant and unpleasant food imaginations on the manually assessed AF of elbow/hip flexors objectified by a handheld device in 12 healthy women in an improved design. The maximal isometric AF was significantly reduced during unpleasant vs. pleasant imaginations and baseline (p<0.001, d z =0.98 – 1.61). During unpleasant imaginations muscle lengthening started at 59.00±22.50% of maximal AF, in contrast to baseline and pleasant imaginations during which the isometric position could be maintained mostly during the entire force increase up to ~97.90±5.00% of maximal AF. Healthy participants showed an immediately impaired holding function trig-gered by unpleasant imaginations presumably related to negative emotions. Hence, the AF seems to be suitable to test instantaneously the effect of emotions on motor function. Since musculoskeletal complaints can result from muscular instability, the findings provide insights into the understanding of the causal chain of linked musculoskeletal pain and mental stress. A described case example (current stress vs. positive imaginations) under-pins the hypothesis this approach might support psychomotor diagnostics and therapeutics. from the previous study: (1) The AFiso max is significantly reduced during unpleasant food imaginations compared to pleasant ones and baseline. (2) The maximal AF (AFmax) shows no significant difference between baseline, pleasant and unpleasant imaginations. (3) Oscillations arise on a significantly higher AF level (AFosc) during unpleasant vs. pleasant imaginations and baseline, whereby AFosc during pleasant imagination vs. baseline shows no significant difference. In addition to the group comparisons, a case example of a participant being in an actual stressful situation will be presented. The effect of positive imaginations under those circumstances will be exemplified thereby.
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Jordan Strahl for the degree of Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering presented on May 20, 2022. Title: Effect of Active Trailing Edge Motion Upon Airfoil Energy Harvester Abstract approved:

approved: James Liburdy The application of a flapping foil with prescribed trailing edge motion to energy harvesting in a low reduced frequency (k = fc/U∞) regime was experimentally studied. The effects of the phase and amplitude of the applied trailing edge motion upon time-variant power extraction capability have been measured and are interpreted. On these bases, an optimized motion profile is developed. The airfoil design used was NACA0015 in profile with a chord length of c = 150mm, the pitching axis located at the 1/3 chord position, and an actively-controlled trailing edge flap hinged at the 2/3 chord location. The pitching and heaving amplitudes are θ0 = 70◦ and h0 = 0.6c respectively, with a phase delay of 90◦. Although the aspect ratio was 2, end plates were used to minimize 3-dimensional effects and simulate a 2-dimensional airfoil. Data were collected in a low-speed wind tunnel with turbulence intensities below 2%. The Reynolds number (Rec = U∞c/ν) range was 27, 000 ≤ Rec ≤ 60, 000 with a corresponding reduced frequency range of 0.04 ≤ k ≤ 0.10. The proposed trailing edge motion profile offers a measured maximum increase of 25.6% in cycle-averaged heaving power coefficient over a rigid foil operating under the same conditions. Results indicate that smaller trailing edge amplitudes offer greater improvements, and demonstrate that the influence of trailing edge motion can be more pronounced at low reduced frequencies.
Journal Applied Economics and Business Studies Examining organizational justice, emotional exhaustion and workplace bullying as antecedents of organizational commitment: A developing country’s perspective.

This study examines the effects of Emotional Exhaustion, Emotional Labor and Workplace Bullying on Organizational Commitment and moderating role of Organizational Justice on these relationships. For this quantitative study of cross-sectional nature, data have been collected from sample of the sales representatives and service employees working in cellular companies of Pakistan. Of 700 questionnaires that were distributed, 335 completely filled questionnaires were returned. Data have been analyzed using SPSS 20 & PROCESS and results suggest a positive relation between Organizational Commitment and Emotional Labor, while Emotional Exhaustion and Workplace Bullying are found negatively correlated to Organizational Commitment. Moreover, Organizational Justice shows moderating effect on Emotional Exhaustion- Organizational Commitment relationship only.
Managing Space Situational Awareness Using the Space Surveillance Network

Abstract : The large number of space objects compared to the limited sensors available to track them results in measurements occurring infrequently. It is necessary to create some form of utility metric to determine which sensors should observe which objects at a particular instant of time. This report examines the use of utility metrics from two forms of expected information gain for each object sensor pair as well as the approximated stability of the estimation errors in order to work towards a tasking strategy. The investigation of this coupling demonstrates that the use of more accurate filters leads to better overall estimates, not only due to the advantages within the estimation methods, but also from the improvement in tasking decisions due to selection of these estimators.
Modelling the `outliers' track of the radio-X-ray correlation in X-ray binaries based on a disc-corona model

ABSTRACT The universal radio–X-ray correlation (F R ∝ F bX , b ∼ 0.5−0.7) has been found for a sampleof black-hole X-ray binaries (BHBs) in their low/hard states, which can roughly be explainedby the coupled model of jet and radiatively inefﬁcient advec tion dominated accretion ﬂow. However, more and more ‘outliers’ were found in last few years, which evidently deviatefrom the universal radio–X-ray correlation and usually show a much steeper correlation withan index of ∼ 1.4. Based on simple physical assumptions, the radiatively efﬁ cient accretionﬂows are speculated to exist in these ‘outliers’. In this wor k, we test this issue by modellingthe ‘outliers’ track based on the radiatively efﬁcient disc -corona model and the hybrid jetmodel. We ﬁnd that our model predicts a steeper radio–X-ray c orrelation with slopes &1.2for the typical viscosity parameter of α ∼ 0.05− 0.2. In particular, the slope is ∼ 1.4for thecase of α ∼ 0.1, which is consistent with the observational results of H1743−322 very well.Our results suggest that the ‘outliers’ track may be regulated by the disc-corona model.Key words: accretion, accretion discs — black hole physics — magnetic ﬁ elds — X-rays:binaries
Clinical and Electrophysiological Aspects in Children with Spinal Muscular At- rophy Type 1, 2 and 3 before Treatment

Aim: Analysis of electrophysiological changes in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 1, 2 and 3 before starting specific treatment and establishing clinical-electrophysiological correlations. Patients and method: Retrospective study of patients with SMA type 1, 2 and 3 genetically confirmed between 1-16 years of age. The relationship between the amplitude of the Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) and the type of disease, respectively the number of SMN2 copies, as well as the correlations with the scores on the functional scales applied according to the SMA form (The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders/CHOP INTEND and Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded/HFMSE) were followed. Results: A significant correlation was demonstrated between CMAP and HFMSE for type 2 SMA (p <0.01, r = 0.687), a good statistical correlation between CMAP and CHOP for type 1 SMA (p <0.05, r = 0.586). Needle electromyography (EMG) showed active denervation in both early (1 st , 2 nd ) and late (3 rd ) forms, demonstrating the ongoing degenerative process, along with elements of collateral reinnervation much more evident in the late form (3 rd ). Conclusions: Retrospective analysis of the group of patients without specific treatment demonstrated electrophysiological changes suggestive of peripheral motoneuron degenerative damage. The decrease in CMAP amplitude is associated with the SMA type and the scores on the functional scales.
Dark-Matter and Baryons in Early-type Lens Galaxies

As part of an ongoing program to test Newton’s law of gravity in the low acceleration regime using globular clusters, we present here new results obtained for NGC 6171. Combining VLT spectra for 107 stars with data from the literature, we were able to trace the velocity dispersion profile up to 16 pc from the cluster center, probing accelerations of gravity down to 3 5 10 9 cm s 2 . The velocity dispersion is found to remain constant at large radii (with an asymptotic values of 2 7 km s 1 ) rather than follow the Keplerian falloff. Similar results were previously found for the globular clusters ω Centauri and M15. We have now studied three clusters and all three have been found to have a flat dispersion profile beyond the radius where their internal acceleration of gravity is a0 1 2 10 8 cm s 2 . Whether this indicates a failure of Newtonian dynamics or some more conventional dynamical effect (e.g., tidal heating) is still unclear. However, the similarities emerging between globular clusters and elliptical galaxies seem to favor the first of the two possibilities.
What’s in a Sample? Comparison of Effect Size Replication and Response Quality across Student, MTurk, and Qualtrics Samples 1

Researchers are increasingly using crowdsourcing, or paid study recruitment of participant samples online. A key consideration samples is understanding to what extent results will be generalizable to broader populations. Our study employs three samples: (1) university students, (2) MTurk participants, and (3) a Qualtrics panel. Using these sources, our research makes three contributions to the understanding of how sampling affects the generalizability of research findings. We identify differences across samples in the extent to which they are representative of the U.S. labor force. We examine how well results from each sample replicate a known, meta-analytically determined population effect. We compare samples on four measures of response quality (Mahalanobis Distance, Person-Total Correlations, Individual Response Variability, and Psychometric Synonyms) and demonstrate how removing careless responders influences the extent to which sample results replicate population effects. Implications for choosing samples and for the use and reporting of response quality measures are discussed.
Cooperative Driven Algorithm for Couzin Model Based Fish School by Multiple Predators

The predation of large school of fish by the cooperation of multiple predators of different species is one of the most marvelous scene in the sea. In this paper, we study how to drive the fish school to the surface of the sea by the cooperation of multiple predators. In particular, we have first proposed a modified Couzin model for the fish school, which, on top of the classic Couzin model, also takes into consideration the effect imposed passively by the predators. The basic idea for the driven algorithm is to drive behind the fish school to some delicate extent so that, on one hand, the fish school shall move towards the target region, and on the other hand, the fish school will not disperse and spread away. Moreover, if some fish strays away from the fish school, the predator will take actions to force it back which can greatly reduce the possibility for the fish school to split into multiple subgroups. Comprehensive simulation results are provided to validate the proposed algorithm.
Academic Help-seeking Preference of Students during Online Flexible Learning

: In this paper, we present a study on academic help-seeking (AHS) behavior of freshmen students taking up Discrete Structures. We found that students perceive academic help-seeking as a beneficial and positive trait for them to see from other people’s perspective, learn more, and have the chance to interact. From the students’ ratings on the six attitudinal factors that motivate help-seeking behavior, x-means clustering with feature selection derived four significant features including perceived usefulness of classmates, trust on classmates, perception of instructors, and perception of the course. Students in one cluster recognized their peers as useful source of help but do not totally trust them which could be due to the fact that these freshmen students have not met their classmates face-to-face in person for the entire duration of the school year. In relation, the most preferred source of academic help are online resources such as Internet search results and video tutorials which could be explained by the Internet-driven flexible learning setup. However, the respondents are significantly more satisfied with the academic support that they have received from their instructor compared to other sources. This tells us that even in an online setup with vast resources on the Internet, the teachers play a significant role in encouraging students to seek help and in providing the academic support that the students need.
ARE OLDER LEADERS LESS TRANSFORMATIONAL? THE ROLE OF AGE FOR TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIOEMOTIONAL SELECTIVITY THEORY

The aim of this study is to aid in clarifying the link between age and transformational leadership. Although the relationship between age and transformational leadership has been studied before, so far results are ambiguous. This study uses socioemotional selectivity theory to identify two factors that influence the relationship between age and transformational leadership. First of all, occupational future time perspective is identified as a mediator in the relationship. Secondly, the use of selection, optimization, and compensation strategies is examined as a moderator on the relationship between age and future time perspective. Together these assumptions form a moderated mediation model. Hypotheses are tested in a sample of 403 store managers and 2608 of their subordinates of a large retailer in the Netherlands. Results partially support the proposed model, with future time perspective indeed serving as a mediator in the negative relationship between age and transformational leadership. The use of SOC strategies has no significant influence, however. All in all, this study adds to previous research an explanation of how age influences transformational leadership and answers calls of previous research to study this relationship based on a coherent underlying theory. Suggestions for further research and implications for practice are provided.
The Practicality of the Developed Ber2P3 Learning Model

- The purpose of this research is to produce a practical Ber2P3 learning model. The development of learning tools in this study uses the ADDIE model, which consists of 5 stages of development, namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Gorontalo. The results showed that the analysis of the implementation of learning with the Ber2p3 learning model showed that there was consistency between the classiﬁcation of learning during the limited trial and the extended trial. The implementation of learning with the Ber2P3 learning model in both the limited trial and the extensive trial is categorized as high and very high so that the Ber2P3 learning model can be categorized as a practical learning model. Learning Model Reliability Data Analysis, Item Sensitivity, Model Practicality Analysis, Test Data Analysis, N-Gain and Completeness Analysis, Student Activity Data Analysis.