Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Standardization Process as a Chance for Conceptual Refinement of a Disaster Risk Management Framework: The ARCH Project

Risks related to climate change and natural hazards increasingly affect urban areas such as historic towns, old urban quarters, villages, and hamlets. These, as well as historic landscapes, make up a significant part of an urban area’s identity and cannot just be rebuilt or significantly changed without taking into account the historic value, cultural background, and prescribed regulations. Systematic resilience building for historic areas is becoming essential, and research supporting it will be in the spotlight. However, questions still exist concerning how to best transfer research results into practice at the community level. Standardization of resilience-enhancing methods and tools deriving from research projects is one option, chosen, e.g., for the EU-Horizon 2020 project ARCH. Within the project, a disaster risk management (DRM) framework has been composed and then transferred into a standard, supported by a co-creation approach involving relevant stakeholders. This article outlines the project’s different standardization steps and its impact on the development of the ARCH DRM Framework. It highlights the systematic inclusion of project-external stakeholders who actively contribute to the validation and enhancement of the ARCH DRM framework to guarantee maximum applicability in historic areas, supporting them in their fight against the impacts of climate change and natural hazards.
MTHFR gene polymorphisms as risk factors for colorectal cancer among Egyptian patients.

Objective: Polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), such as MTHFR C677T and A1298C, are associated with several cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of MTHFR polymorphisms on colorectal cancer risk in a population from damitta Egypt. Methods. This hospital-based case-control study was conducted during 2008-2010; 64 colon cancer cases and 90 controls were enrolled. Information was collected and blood samples were obtained for assay of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques. Associations between variables of interest and colorectal cancer were assessed using conditional logistic regression. Results: Increased risk of colorectal cancer was associated with the MTHFR C677 TT genotype of C677T polymorphism (OR(adj) = 24.0; 95% CI: 1.34-429.1; P value for interaction = 0.001) . The 1298AC genotype and C allele was associated with a statistically significant lower risk among subjects (OR, 3.85; 95% CI, 1.78-8.33; P value for interaction=.0005 and OR,1.88 ;95% CI, 1.16-3.059 P value for interaction=0.01), respectively. MTHFR 1298 AA genotype and A allele was found to be associated with a significantly decreased risk for colorectal cancer (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.11- 0.52; P value for interaction= 0.0005 and OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.32-0.85 P value for interaction= 0.01and ), respectively . There was no clear relation between colorectal adenomas and those with the 1298 CC genotype. The combined CC , AA [corrected] genotypes and the CT+AA [corrected] genotypes and the TT+ AC were associated with a statistically significant lower risk for developing colorectal cancer (P value for interaction= 0.03 , 0.02 , 0.001), respectively . CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest an interaction between the MTHFR genotype and colorectal adenomas among Egyptian patients. Abbreviations: T2DM: Colorectal cancer– MTHFR: methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase – SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism- SSP-PCR: sequence specific primer- polymerase chain reaction. Key words: MTHFR gene - Colorectal cancer.
Achieving Traceable Compliance using the Ampersand Method

English) . 7 Samenvatting (Dutch) . 9
Causes and Management Outcome of Small Intestinal Obstruction in Nekemte Referral Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia, 2017

Background Small bowel obstruction is a common and dangerous surgical emergency which is associated with high morbidity and mortality if not managed appropriately and timely. Objective To determine the causes and management outcome of small bowel obstruction in Nekemte Referral Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia. Method Institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was used. Three-year data (from January 1, 2014, to December 30, 2016) were collected from July 1 to August 30, 2017. Data were collected from medical records and checked for any inconsistency, coded, and entered into SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive, binary, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used. On binary logistic regression analysis, variables with p ≤ 0.25 were selected as a candidate for multivariate logistic regression analysis. The level of statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results With 100% response rate, records of 211 patients with small intestinal obstruction were retrieved for analysis. One hundred thirty-seven (64.9%) were males. The commonest cause of small bowel obstruction was adhesion (35.1%). More than a quarter (26.5%) participants developed postoperative complications, and wound infection was the commonest postoperative complication (49.2%). A majority (84.8%) of patients improved and were discharged, and the rest 15.2% of patients died. Sex (AOR = 3.98, 95% CI: 1.51–10.52), duration of illness before surgical intervention (AOR = 4.4, 95% CI: 1.69–11.45), level of hematocrit (AOR = 4.25, 95% CI: 1.56–11.57), types of intestinal obstruction (AOR = 3.73, 95% CI: 1.09–12.64), and length of hospital stay (AOR = 4.69, 95% CI: 1.82–12.07) were independent predictors of the management outcome of patients with small bowl obstruction. Conclusion Small bowel obstruction is a commonly encountered surgical emergency. Adhesion, small bowel volvulus, and intussusception were the leading causes of small bowel obstruction, respectively.
The Next Wave of Digital Innovation: Opportunities and Challenges: A Report on the Research Workshop 'Digital Challenges in Innovation Research'

The turn of the millennium is marked by rapid developments in digital technologies. The ubiquity of digitalization is one of the primary forces behind innovations across a wide range of product and service categories. In order to create an initial forum for scholars from different fields, and to establish a preliminary theoretical framework that can guide future scholarly research on digital innovations, we organized an interdisciplinary research workshop, entitled “Digital Challenges in Innovation Research”, held on October 18 – 20, 2008 at Temple University. This report documents major themes from the workshop, highlighting the new opportunities and challenges associated with digital innovation. The workshop participants identified three design characteristics of digital technology that play pivotal roles in facilitating digital innovations: (1) the homogenization of digital data, (2) the programmable digital computing architecture, and (3) the self-referential nature of digital technologies. Furthermore, the participants saw digitalized products as having seven material properties: programmability, addressability, senesability, memorability, communicability, traceability, and associability, which lead to the emergence of loose coupling across the four layers of a digital service architecture, which includes devices, networks, services and contents. The main challenges and opportunities for innovation outcomes emerge primarily from convergence and digital materiality. First, new research opportunities lie in understanding different forms and capabilities of ongoing digital convergence. Second, another set of research issues are associated with new entrepreneurial opportunities that emerge from embedding digital capabilities into non-digital products and services. Finally, the increased use of digital tools and the interpenetration of digital and physical materiality in work practices offer new sets of challenges and opportunities that need to be carefully investigated. The primary factors that affect innovation processes are heterogeneity, generativity, locus of innovation and pace. First, the combination of heterogeneity, generativity, and distributed locus of innovation leads to the emergence of dynamic, non-linear patterns of digital innovation. Developing and validating analytic models to understand how heterogeneous actors at the periphery of digital innovation networks are related to innovation patterns will be an important challenge for innovation scholars. Second, understanding the temporal dynamics of digital innovations provides another important opportunity for future innovation research. Finally, future research should investigate the multi-layered nature of organizational transformations that are associated with the digitalization of products. The report concludes with six broad recommendations for future research: multi-disciplinary research, design scholarship, multi-methods approach, taking data seriously, understanding infrastructure, and theorizing digital technology.
Application of a New Model Reference Adaptive Control Based on PID Control in CNC Machine Tools

To improve the control performance of the CNC machine tool feed servo system with nonlinear disturbances, a model reference adaptive control (MRAC) based on PID control is proposed. The method is based on the traditional three-loop control, the output signal of the speed loop controller is used as the input signal of the model reference adaptive controller, and the adaptive law is derived on the basis of Lyapunov stability theory. To verify the effectiveness, this paper analyzed the method through simulation and experiment. Results showed that the following error caused by nonlinear friction was significantly reduced when the speed was reversed, and the influence of noise and mechanical resonance was effectively suppressed. The proposed control method in this paper improves the motion-control accuracy and anti-interference ability of the control system.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Hybrid Injection Molded Short and Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites

In-situ thermoforming and overmolding of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites by hybrid injection molding enables the mass production of thermoplastic lightweight structures with a complex geometry. In this study, the anisotropic mechanical behavior of such hybrid injection molded short and continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastics and the numerical simulation of the resulting mechanical properties under flexural loading were investigated. For this, the influence of the volume flow rate between 25 and 100 cm3/s during injection molding of a PP/GF30 short fiber-reinforced overmolding material was studied and showed a strong effect on the fiber orientation but not on the fiber length, as investigated by computer tomography and fiber length analysis. Thus, the resulting anisotropies of the stiffness and strength as well as the strain hardening investigated by tensile testing were considered when the mechanical behavior of a hybrid test structure of short and continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites was predicted by numerical simulations. For this, a PP/GF60 and PP/GF30 hybrid injection molded test structure was investigated by a numerical workflow with implemented injection molding simulation data. In result, the prediction of the mechanical behavior of the hybrid test structure under flexural loading by numerical simulation was significantly improved, leading to a reduction of the deviation of the numerically predicted and experimentally measured flexural strength from 21% to 9% in comparison to the isotropic material model without the implementation of the injection molding data.
RNF13 Dileucine Motif Variants L311S and L312P Interfere with Endosomal Localization and AP-3 Complex Association

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are rare and serious neurological disorders characterized by severe epilepsy with refractory seizures and a significant developmental delay. Recently, DEE73 was linked to genetic alterations of the RNF13 gene, which convert positions 311 or 312 in the RNF13 protein from leucine to serine or proline, respectively (L311S and L312P). Using a fluorescence microscopy approach to investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms affected by RNF13 protein variants, the current study shows that wild-type RNF13 localizes extensively with endosomes and lysosomes, while L311S and L312P do not extensively colocalize with the lysosomal marker Lamp1. Our results show that RNF13 L311S and L312P proteins affect the size of endosomal vesicles along with the temporal and spatial progression of fluorescently labeled epidermal growth factor, but not transferrin, in the endolysosomal system. Furthermore, GST-pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation show that RNF13 variants disrupt association with AP-3 complex. Knockdown of AP-3 complex subunit AP3D1 alters the lysosomal localization of wild-type RNF13 and similarly affects the size of endosomal vesicles. Importantly, our study provides a first step toward understanding the cellular and molecular mechanism altered by DEE73-associated genetic variations of RNF13.
Optimal Filter Partition for Efficient Convolution with Short Input/Output Delay

A new algorithm to find an optimal filter partition for efficient long convolution with low input/output delay is presented. For a specified input/output delay and filter length, our algorithm finds the non-uniform filter partition that minimizes computational cost of the convolution. We perform a detailed cost analysis of different block convolution schemes, and show that our optimal-partition finder algorithm allows for significant performance improvement. Furthermore, when several long convolutions are computed in parallel and their outputs are mixed down (as is the case in multiple-source 3-D audio rendering), the algorithm finds an optimal partition (common to all channels) that allows for further performance optimization.
Headache

Procedure Appropriateness Category Relative Radiation Level CT head without IV contrast Usually Appropriate ☢☢☢ CTA head with IV contrast May Be Appropriate (Disagreement) ☢☢☢ MRA head without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O MRA head without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O MRI head without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O MRI head without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O Arteriography cervicocerebral Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ CT head with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ CT head without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢
Simultaneous solutions of coupled thermal airflow problem for natural ventilation in buildings

Natural and hybrid ventilation can be sustainable building ventilation strategies, where airflow is driven naturally by thermal buoyancy and/or wind forces other than pure mechanical means. The simulation and design of these systems need to consider the combined impact of thermal and airflow transport behaviors. The numerical solution of such combined thermal airflow problems often employs a segregate and iterative approach. Either the air temperatures in the thermal problem or the air pressures in the airflow problem are solved separately with the other parameter known from a previous iteration. The newly solved parameters are then substituted successively into the other calculation. For highly coupled thermal airflow problems, the segregate method can cause solution fluctuation or even divergence when relaxation factors are not carefully selected to avoid abrupt changes of air parameters in the successive substitution procedure. This article investigated two nonsegregate methods to solve thermal and airflow problems simultaneously. In the fully simultaneous method, air temperatures and pressures for all rooms of a building are solved simultaneously using a single Jacobian matrix. In the semi-simultaneous method, a Jacobian matrix for the air temperature and pressure of one room is solved when air temperatures and pressures of other rooms are kept as constants. The same procedure is then repeated for each room of a building. In both cases, relaxation factors are not required. The simultaneous solution methods are demonstrated for a two-zone building with thermal buoyancy-driven flows and validated for an experimental study of combined wind and buoyancy forces in a light well. It was shown that the simultaneous solvers provide stable solutions without using any relaxation in both cases. The predicted results also agree reasonably well with the experimental data.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Pediatric Crohn’s Patient: Is It a Manifestation or Consequence of Therapy?

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a debilitating chronic disorder that is classified into Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and unspecified which are marked by recurrent gastrointestinal inflammatory episodes. Anti-tumor necrosis agents, especially infliximab, are considered the cornerstone in disease management. However, rare but serious adverse effects related to infliximab have been reported. Limited studies reported cardiac adverse effects as a result of using infliximab in IBD especially in the pediatric age group. Here, we report a case of an 11-year-old boy known to have Crohn’s disease, who was on a regular infusion of infliximab at a monthly basis which developed dilated cardiomyopathy with severe depression of myocardial function.
First Detection and Genetic Characterization of New Equine Parvovirus Species Circulating among Horses in Korea

Equine parvovirus-cerebrospinal fluid (EqPV-CSF) and eqcopivirus (EqCoPV) are new parvovirus species (EqPVs) identified from various tissues (CSF, blood, and respiratory swabs) in horses with neurologic and respiratory diseases. In this study, we described the prevalence rate of EqPV-CSF and EqCoPV in 133 and 77 serum and fecal samples, respectively, using polymerase chain reaction. Further, we analyzed the potential risk factors for infection. We calculated the nucleotide and amino acid similarity and constructed phylogenetic trees. There was a moderate-to-high prevalence rate (EqPV-CSF: 3.8%; EqCoPV 9.8%) of each virus in serum; moreover, age, country of foaling, and clinical colic signs were significantly associated with the EqPVs infection. The newly identified EqPV-CSF/EqCoPV genomes had high nucleotide and amino acid identities with previously isolated strains in the USA. In phylogenetic analysis, they clustered and formed a new subgroup in the genus Copiparvovirus. To our knowledge, this is the first field epidemiologic study on EqPV-CSF and EqCoPV using both serum and fecal samples. Our findings demonstrate the risk factors for infection and could facilitate the development of disease prevention strategies.
The Role of METTL3-Mediated N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) of JPH2 mRNA in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cardiotoxicity is a common side effect of cancer treatment. Although it has received significant attention, the related mechanisms of CYP-induced cardiotoxicity remain largely unknown. In this study, we used cell and animal models to investigate the effect of CYP on cardiomyocytes. Our data demonstrated that CYP-induced a prolonged cardiac QT interval and electromechanical coupling time courses accompanied by JPH2 downregulation. Moreover, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation sequencing and RNA sequencing suggested that CYP induced cardiotoxicity by dysregulating calcium signaling. Importantly, our results demonstrated that CYP induced an increase in the m6A level of JPH2 mRNA by upregulating methyltransferases METTL3, leading to the reduction of JPH2 expression levels, as well as increased field potential duration and action potential duration in cardiomyocytes. Our results revealed a novel mechanism for m6A methylation-dependent regulation of JPH2, which provides new strategies for the treatment and prevention of CYP-induced cardiotoxicity.
Eucalyptus gunnii and Eucalyptus pulverulenta ‘Baby Blue’ Essential Oils as Potential Natural Herbicides

The phytotoxicity and eco-compatibility of essential oils (EOs) from Eucalyptus gunnii (EG) and E. pulverulenta ‘Baby Blue’ (EP), cultivated in Italy for their cut foliage, were investigated. Leaf micromorphology, EOs phytochemical characterization, and phytotoxicity were analysed. EP revealed a significantly higher oil gland density and a higher EO yield with respect to EG. In both EOs, 1,8-cineole was the major compound (~75%), followed by α-pinene in EG (13.1%) and eugenol in EP (7.5%). EO phytotoxicity was tested on both weeds (Lolium multiflorum, Portulaca oleracea) and crops (Raphanus sativus, Lactuca sativa, Lepidium sativum, Solanum lycopersicum, Pisum sativum, Cucumis sativus). EG EO inhibited germination of P. oleracea, R. sativus, and S. lycopersicum seeds (ranging from 61.5 to 94.6% for the higher dose used), while affecting only radical elongation in S. lycopersicum (ranging from 66.7 to 82.6%). EP EO inhibited germination of P. oleracea and R. sativus (ranging from 41.3 to 74.7%) and affected radical elongation of L. sativum and L. multiflorum (ranging from 57.4 to 76.0%). None of the EOs affected the germination and radical growing of L. sativa, P. sativum, and C. sativus. Moreover, EP EO was more active than EG EO in inhibiting α-amylase, a key enzyme for seed growth regulation. Brine shrimp lethality assay showed that both EOs are safe for aquatic organisms, suggesting their high eco-compatibility. The data collected provide useful information for future applications of these EOs in agriculture as safe and selective bioherbicides.
Heat transfer from humans wearing clothing

In this monograph the effects of clothing on human heat transfer are described. The description is based on the physics of heat and mass transfer, depending on the design of the clothing, the climate, and the activity of the wearer. The resulting model has been stepwise implemented in computer programs and has been evaluated with human subject experiments. Several new experimental techniques have been developed for this purpose. In the final program the human thermal physiology is included, which allows the calculation of thermal strain, following a specified scenario of work and climate. The following mechanisms are studied quantitatively in more detail: * heat and mass transfer through fabrics and their measurement * insulation and vapour resistance of multilayer clothing, including regression data on the effects of wind and motion * moisture absorption in clothing and its effect on the heat balance * ventilation of trapped air by wind and activity of the wearer * condensation of sweat in clothing and the effects on heat transfer * heat absorption in clothing due to heat radiation, for different fabrics * integration of the foregoing processes into a single model, together with physiological responses. Ten examples of practical or theoretical interest are used to demonstrate the power of the model.