Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INAUGURAL BERNARD FOX MEMORIAL LECTURE

Background to fox memorial The Bernard H. Fox Award was established in 2001 to honor his seminal contributions to psychosocial research in cancer. He sought to ensure that the emerging research in psycho-oncology be of the highest quality, conducted with the greatest scientific rigor, and representative of the highest standards of scientific integrity. He organized, for the National Cancer Institute, the first meeting of psychosocial researchers in 1975, and he was key in obtaining support for research in the field from both the National Cancer Institute and the American Cancer Society. As an epidemiologist and biostatistician, he was the ‘conscience’ of our fledgling field from the beginning days in 1975. He critically reviewed studies, organized meetings on research methods, wrote the constitution of the International Psycho-Oncology Society as a Founding Member, and remained a loyal member of our community until his death in 2001. The Bernard H. Fox Award Lectureship, to be given at each World Congress of Psycho-Oncology, is a reflection of the respect and esteem with which he is held.
Comment on "Gravitational waves from ultra-short period exoplanets"

Cunha et al. (2018) recently reexamined the possibility of detecting gravitational waves from exoplanets, claiming that three ultra-short period systems would be observable by LISA. We revisit their analysis and conclude that the currently known exoplanetary systems are unlikely to be detectable, even assuming a LISA observation time $T_{\rm obs}=4$ yrs. Conclusive statements on the detectability of one of these systems, GP Com b, will require better knowledge of the system's properties, as well as more careful modeling of both LISA's response and the galactic confusion noise. Still, the possibility of exoplanet detection with LISA is interesting enough to warrant further study, as LISA observations would yield dynamical properties (such as mass, eccentricity, inclination, and distance) that are difficult to constrain with electromagnetic observations.
Recursive marginal quantization of higher-order schemes

Quantization techniques have been applied in many challenging finance applications, including pricing claims with path dependence and early exercise features, stochastic optimal control, filtering problems and efficient calibration of large derivative books. Recursive marginal quantization (RMQ) of the Euler scheme has recently been proposed as an efficient numerical method for evaluating functionals of solutions of stochastic differential equations. This method involves recursively quantizing the conditional marginals of the discrete-time Euler approximation of the underlying process. By generalizing this approach, we show that it is possible to perform RMQ for two higher-order schemes: the Milstein scheme and a simplified weak order 2.0 scheme. We further extend the applicability of RMQ by showing how absorption and reflection at the zero boundary may be incorporated, when necessary. To illustrate the improved accuracy of the higher-order schemes, various computations are performed using geometric Brownian motion and the constant elasticity of variance model. For both models, we provide evidence of improved weak order convergence and computational efficiency. By pricing European, Bermudan and barrier options, further evidence of improved accuracy of the higher-order schemes is demonstrated.
Neurite Outgrowth Correlates With Substrate Adhesivity of Serotonergic Neurons

To study the interactions between neurons of known transmitter phenotype and non-neuronal cells of glial or fibroblastic origin, serotonergic (5-HT) neurons were tested for their strength of adhesion and neurite outgrowth patterns on substrates of astrocytes or fibroblasts using a cell adhesion assay for transmitter-identified neurons, and morphometry of immunocytochemically stained neurons in dissociated cell cultures. Both the strength of adhesion and the rate and complexity of neurite outgrowth by 5-HT neurons were significantly greater on substrates of astrocytes compared to fibroblasts. These results provide evidence that 5-HT neurons can interact selectively with glia via cell surface determinants, and that this process may be important for the development of complex (dendrite-like) neuritic arbors. The methods developed in this study will be useful for future studies of interactions between transmitter-identified neurons and glial cells during ontogeny of the embryonic brain.
Visual System Using Bandeiraea simplicifolia

In the brain of the salamander Pleurodeles waltl, microglial cells were investigated cytochemically with isolectin B4 (IB,) of Bandeiraea simplicifolia after optic nerve transection and during subsequent regeneration. Double-labeling with an antibody directed against the glial fibrillary acidic protein of astrocytes revealed no immunoreactivity in microglial cells and confirmed the absence of non-radial, free astroglial cells in the tectum. After two days, IB,-labeled microglial cells began to populate the rostra1 parts of the primary visual system. The origin of these early vimentin-immunoreactive microglial cells seemed to be mainly IB,-labeled cells in a perivascular position and meningeal macrophages. After 12 days, microglial cells infiltrated the tectum in four layers: one in the ependyma, one in the outermost periventricular grey, and two in the degenerating visual neuropil where activated microglial cells displayed a ramified morphology. After 3 weeks, microglial cells accumulated within the degenerating neuropil while reducing their processes. After 7 weeks, the number of microglial cells was still increased on the affected side. The subarachnoid space above the neuropil where regenerating retinal afferents arrived was filled with IBJabeled macrophages. Only very few microglial cells were seen in co-existence with Miiller cells in the lesioned and intact retinae, whereas microglial cells and macrophages were IB,-labeled in the optic nerve head and a t the ora serrata. o 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Investigating the Role of the Sun, the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation on Decadal Climate Variability of the Stratosphere

Assessing and distinguishing between natural climate variability and anthropogenic forcing, and quantifying their relative contributions to climate change is a formidable challenge. Understanding how variations in the Sun and natural modes of variability affect the climate system will aid future climate projections. The Sun is Earth’s primary source of energy, providing a global average irradiance that is four orders of magnitude greater than the largest secondary energy source, Earth’s interior heat flux. Variations in the Sun occur both in the total solar irradiance and solar spectral irradiance (SSI), impacting the ocean, troposphere, and stratosphere via atmospheric winds, temperature, and planetary waves. Yet one of the difficulties in assessing the solar response is the fact that several internal modes of variability are present which can prevent accurate detection. The response of the stratosphere to the combined interaction of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the solar cycle was investigated using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM). Transient and fully coupled simulations that included observed greenhouse gases, varying SSI, and an internally generated QBO, were analyzed. A persistent wintertime solar response in the polar vortex when stratifying by QBO phase was not found. Results contradict conclusions drawn from observational data over the period 1953-2012. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is defined as the leading mode of sea surface temperature variability in the North Pacific, oscillating on decadal timescales. Changes in the PDO are linked to changes in precipitation, temperature, sea-level pressure, and sea-level height changes. Here we show in WACCM that the PDO also influences the stratosphere, with a weaker polar vortex in the positive PDO phase, which has implications for decadal prediction. Some evidence also points to possible modulation of the PDO by the solar cycle, which may provide an additional pathway for the Sun to impact decadal climate. To God for blessing me throughout my life To my parents, Dave and Marlene, for their unconditional love and support To my siblings, for their support and the many good times together
Hepatic (Na+,K*) -ATPase: A Its Structure, Function and Current View of

Recent immunocytochemical studies with monoclonal antibodies (1-3) have revived controversy (Yousef, I. et al., Gastroenterology 1984; 86:1632-1633, Correspondence and Blitzer B. and Boyer, J . , Gastroenterology 1984; 87:1206-1207, Correspondence) concerning the topology of rat hepatocyte (Na+,K+)-ATPase (4-6). Apart from the fact that this enzyme (the so-called “sodium pump”) is crucial for regulating cellular volume (7), differentiation and proliferation (8), the issue of its whereabouts in the plasma membrane is particularly relevant to the mechanism of bile acid and water transport from sinusoidal to canalicular spaces. Theories of these processes depend on where and to what extent the sodium pump is distributed in cell surfaces adjacent to either one or both of these spaces (4-6, 9, 10, Yousef I. et al., op cit., Correspondence and Blitzer, B. and Boyer. J., op cit., Correspondence). In this report, we summarize experimental results which strongly suggest that hepatocyte sodium pumps are distributed asymmetrically, with an increased pump site density on canalicular
Shaped pupil coronagraphy for WFIRST: high-contrast broadband testbed demonstration

The Shaped Pupil Coronagraph (SPC) is one of the two operating modes of the WFIRST coronagraph instrument. The SPC provides starlight suppression in a pair of wedge-shaped regions over an 18% bandpass, and is well suited for spectroscopy of known exoplanets. To demonstrate this starlight suppression in the presence of expected onorbit input wavefront disturbances, we have recently built a dynamic testbed at JPL analogous to the WFIRST flight instrument architecture, with both Hybrid Lyot Coronagraph (HLC) and SPC architectures and a Low Order Wavefront Sensing and Control (LOWFS/C) subsystem to apply, sense, and correct dynamic wavefront disturbances. We present our best up-to-date results of the SPC mode demonstration from the testbed, in both static and dynamic conditions, along with model comparisons. HLC results will be reported separately.
Defect-Controlled Scintillation Process in Undoped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 Crystals

Optical absorption, luminescence spectra, scintillation decay curves, and scintillation light yield were measured in a series of undoped yttrium–aluminum garnet (YAG) crystals of different origins. This paper reveals a correlation between luminescent properties and scintillation efficiency of undoped YAG crystals. All the samples were separated into three groups, Type I, Type II, and Type III, based on their optical properties and scintillation efficiency. The intrinsic ultraviolet luminescence band peaking around 300 nm is found in the samples with high scintillation yield (Type I). Luminescence intensity of this band depends on the crystal purity and on the stoichiometry of the garnets. The UV emission may be related to e–h recombination in vicinity of vacancies. The garnets of Type II contain more impurities which quench the 300-nm emission. The samples of Type III do not exhibit any significant radioluminescence. Light yield of the finest undoped YAG samples in the series, Type I, is similar to the yield of Ce-doped YAG. This Type of crystals can potentially be used in scintillation detectors.
Bayesian local influence analysis of skew-normal spatial dynamic panel data models

ABSTRACT The existing studies on spatial dynamic panel data model (SDPDM) mainly focus on the normality assumption of response variables and random effects. This assumption may be inappropriate in some applications. This paper proposes a new SDPDM by assuming that response variables and random effects follow the multivariate skew-normal distribution. A Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is developed to evaluate Bayesian estimates of unknown parameters and random effects in skew-normal SDPDM by combining the Gibbs sampler and the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm. A Bayesian local influence analysis method is developed to simultaneously assess the effect of minor perturbations to the data, priors and sampling distributions. Simulation studies are conducted to investigate the finite-sample performance of the proposed methodologies. An example is illustrated by the proposed methodologies.
DIFFERENT EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF ONCOGENES AND TUMORS OF XIPHOPHORUS PROTO-ONCOGENES IN HEREDITARY AND CARCINOGEN-INDUCED

Hereditary melanoma in Xiphophorus hybrids carrying the melanoma-inducing Tu-Sd locus is caused by transcriptional activation of the Xmrk gene that resides at the Tu-Sd locus and encodes a novel member of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). In this study, a total of 27 hereditary melanomas from various hybrid genotypes harbouring 7 different Tu alleles were also found to over-express the corresponding Xmrk alleles. The level of over-expression correlated with the degree of malignancy of the melanoma. In addition, Xsrc expression was high in many malignant melanomas. Expression patterns and levels of the Xiphophorus EGF-receptor gene (Xerb 6). the c-myc (Xmyc), and the PDGF (xtis) gene@) were not intriguing. Transcription of the ras gene@) may be correlated to secondary events of melanoma progression. Expression patterns of Xfms, the Xi-phophorus CSF-I receptor homologue, can be explained by different contents of infiltrating macrophages in the tumors. In carcinogen-induced tumors including one melanoma no significant expression of the Xmrk oncogene could be detected, Xsrc expression, however, was strikingly high. This indicates that activation of oncogenes other than Xmrk is instrumental in tumorigenesis of neoplasia of non-hereditary origin.
Composition of Human Zona PeUucida as Revealed

The macromolecular composition of zona pellucida (ZP) isolated from human oocytes and embryos was characterized by oneand two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (I-Dand 2-D-SDS-PAGE) under reducing conditions after silver staining. ZP specimens obtained after in vitro fertilization were removed from pools of heavily fragmented embryos and inseminated oocytes that failed to fertilize. For unfertilized oocytes, two major bands with an apparent molecular weight of, respectively, 96 and 76-54 kDa were observed after 1-D-SDS-PAGE and silver staining. When ZP were isolated from fragmented embryos, the electrophoretic pattern showed a marked attenuation of the 96kDa band. Silver-stained 2-D-SDS-PAGE analysis of ZP components from unfertilized oocytes revealed the presence of four protein trains: ZP1 ( M r = 92-80 kDa, pl = 4.9-5.9), ZP2 ( M r = 66-58 kDa, pl = 5.0-6.0), Z P ~ H (high) ( M r = 72-58 kDa, pl = 35-5.1), and Z P ~ L (low) ( M r = 62-54 kDa, pl = 3.5-5.1). The human ZP3 family ( Z P ~ H and Z P ~ L ) showed marked heterogeneity. Fertilization-associated changes were apparent in the electrophoretic pattern. ZP1 ( M r = 92-86 kDa, pl = 5.0-5.8) displayed a dramatic decrease in intensity, and a new component had migrated to a position similar to that of ZP2. This modification may have been responsible for one aspect of the zona reaction, and could have contributed to a zona block to polysperma. Q 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Predicting Huntington's disease state with ensemble learning & sMRI: more than just the striatum

Developing effective treatments for Huntington's disease (HD) requires reliable markers of disease progression. Striatal atrophy has been the hallmark of HD progression, but volumetric anomalies are also found in other brain regions. Little is known about the potential increase in predictive biomarking accuracy when volumetric scores from multiple brain regions are combined to predict the HD status of individual participants. We used cross-sectional structural MRI data from 184 HD gene-positive participants to a) test a novel ensemble machine learning model in classifying participants in one of four HD progression states (PreHD A; PreHD B; HD1; HD2), and (b) identify the brain regions that carry HD biomarking signal from 15 regions. We used 5-fold cross validation and backward feature elimination to find the optimal predictors and investigated the stability of the findings through repeated analyses. The ensemble predictive model systematically matched or outperformed the accuracy of nine standard machine learning models, reaching 55.3%{+/-}6.1 balanced accuracy in 4-group classification. The accuracy was higher for binary classifications (PreHD vs HD: 83.3%{+/-} 6.3; PreHD A vs PreHD B: 76.7%{+/-} 8.0; PreHD B vs HD1: 75.9% {+/-} 8.5; HD1 vs HD2: 70.9%{+/-}9.4). Striatal structures (caudate and putamen) were systematically found to be top predictors. However, the accuracy increased substantially when we included other regions in the model (e.g., occipital cortex, lateral ventricles, cingulate, temporal lobe). Optimal models frequently included 2-7 brain regions from different areas. Overall, the accuracy of classifications remained stable across repetitions but the list of selected brain regions could vary, likely due to collinearities in volumetric scores. This is the first study to demonstrate the improvement of classification accuracy when predicting HD progression with a stacked ensemble model. Our findings indicate that HD progression is marked not only by striatal atrophy but also by volumetric changes outside the striatum, without which biomarking models cannot achieve optimal results. The robust methods applied here exposed instability in the selection of brain regions despite the sizeable sample size (n=184); such instabilities could lead to different conclusions in different studies when single analyses are applied on smaller sample sizes. From a translational perspective, our study informs on the selection of candidate endpoints or target regions for therapeutic intervention in future clinical trials.
Copy Number Variants (CNV) as genetic susceptibility determinants for weight loss in patients with cancer cachexia

A genome wide association study to identify germline variants associated with cancer-associated cachexia a preliminary analysis. Ashok Narasimhan1, Mahalakshmi Kumaran1, Ioannis Gioulbasanis2, Richard J E Skipworth3, Oliver F Bathe4, Stein Kaasa5, Florian Strasser6, Bruno Gagnon7, Vickie Baracos8 and Sambasivarao Damaraju1* *Corresponding author 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada 2Department of Oncology, Animus Kyanous Stavros General Clinic, Larissa, Greece 3Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK 4Department of Oncology and Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada 5 European Palliative Care Research Centre (PRC), Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway 6 Cancer Fatigue Clinic, Onkologie Schaffhausen; Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Switzerland 7 Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Cancer Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, Canada 8 Department of Oncology, Division of Palliative Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Correspondence: Professor. Sambasivarao Damaraju, 11560-University Avenue, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7 Canada. Phone: 780-782-1469 Email: sdamaraj@ualberta.ca All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted July 27, 2023. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.07. 24.23293083 doi: medRxiv preprint
PROTOCOL: Impact of summer programmes on the outcomes of disadvantaged or at risk young people: A systematic review

Abstract This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: based on the findings of the initial literature review regarding the types of summer programmes used to support disadvantaged or at risk young people, the outcomes they aim to affect and the goals of the funding organisations and research team, this review will seek to answer the following research questions: (1) to what extent does participation in summer employment programmes improve outcomes for disadvantaged or at risk young people, (2) to what extent does participation in summer educational programmes improve outcomes for disadvantaged or at risk young people, and (3) to what extent do the impacts of summer programmes vary based on the study, participant and intervention characteristics including the racial and ethnic make‐up of participants?
Transmission of a bumblebee parasite is robust despite parasite exposure to extreme temperatures

Abstract All organisms are exposed to fluctuating environmental conditions, such as temperature. How individuals respond to temperature affects their interactions with one another. Changes to the interaction between parasites and their hosts can have a large effect on disease dynamics. The gut parasite, Crithidia bombi, can be highly prevalent in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, and is an established epidemiological model. The parasite is transmitted between bumblebees via flowers, exposing it to a range of environmental temperatures prior to infection. We investigated whether incubation duration and temperature exposure, prior to infection, affects parasite infectivity. Prior to inoculation in B. terrestris, C. bombi was incubated at 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50°C for either 10 or 60 min. These times were chosen to reflect the length of time that the parasite remains infective when outside the host and the rate of floral visitation in bumblebees. Prevalence and infection intensity were measured in bees 1 week later. Incubation duration and the interaction between incubation temperature and duration affected the prevalence of C. bombi at 50°C, resulting in no infections after 60 min. Below 50°C, C. bombi prevalence was not affected by incubation temperature or duration. Extreme temperatures induced morphological changes in C. bombi cells; however, infection intensity was not affected by incubation duration or temperature. These results highlight that this parasite is robust to a wide range of temperatures. The parasite was not infective after being exposed to 50°C for 60 min, such temperatures likely exceed the flight abilities of bumblebees, and thus the potential for transmission. This study shows the importance of understanding the effects of environmental conditions on both hosts and parasites, which is needed to predict transmission under different environmental conditions.
Phosphorylated nuclear DICER1 promotes open chromatin state and lineage plasticity of AT2 tumor cells in lung adenocarcinomas

KRAS/ERK pathway phosphorylates DICER1, causing its nuclear translocation, and phosphomimetic Dicer1 contributes to tumorigenesis in mice. Mechanisms through which phospho-DICER1 regulates tumor progression remain undefined. While DICER1 canonically regulates microRNAs (miRNA) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), we found that phosphorylated nuclear DICER1 (phospho–nuclear DICER1) promotes late-stage tumor progression in mice with oncogenic Kras, independent of miRNAs and EMT. Instead, we observe that the murine AT2 tumor cells exhibit altered chromatin compaction, and cells from disorganized advanced tumors, but not localized tumors, express gastric genes. Collectively, this results in subpopulations of tumor cells transitioning from a restricted alveolar to a broader endodermal lineage state. In human LUADs, we observed expression of phospho–nuclear DICER1 in advanced tumors together with the expression of gastric genes. We define a multimeric chromatin-DICER1 complex composed of the Mediator complex subunit 12, CBX1, MACROH2A.1, and transcriptional regulators supporting the model that phospho–nuclear DICER1 leads to lineage reprogramming of AT2 tumor cells to mediate lung cancer progression.