Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multilingual COVID-19 vaccination videos in NSW, Australia: a case study of cultural-responsiveness on social media

Abstract Multimodal communication via social media employed by governments as a COVID-19 communication strategy with multilingual populations hopes to alter behaviours and attitudes. However, there is presently no understanding about the responsiveness of these videos to the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse (CaLD) populations in Australia. This study aimed to analyse the cultural responsiveness of content in multilingual videos shared via a government social media page from NSW, Australia. A systematic search of videos shared between June 2021 and October 2021 was conducted. Using quantitative methods, 37 videos were analysed using a modified version of the Patient-oriented and culturally-adapted (POCA) healthcare translation model and readability indexes. Of these, 5/37 were classified as culturally responsive. The culturally responsive videos scored higher than those that were not culturally responsive. While credible sources, positive language and cultural symbols were observed in several of the videos, there was a lack of familiar experiences and economically viable vaccine uptake behaviours. Videos favoured generic examples of vaccine practices and failed to address concerns about vaccine eligibility, cost, and transport. All videos exceeded recommended readability indices for CaLD populations. Removing complex and abstract terminology and including familiar vaccine experiences could improve multilingual communication for CaLD communities.
The Impacts of Performance Pay on Teacher Effectiveness and Retention

Teacher performance pay is increasingly common in the United States. , We assess the “incentive effects” of performance pay—the change in behavior, of teachers present before and after a reform—with a focus on whether male, and female teachers respond differently. Evaluating three performance pay, programs in North Carolina, we find clear evidence of a gender difference:, while male teachers’ value-added remains flat before and after the, introduction of performance pay, the value-added of female teachers declines. , We also document suggestive evidence of a gender difference in retention,, with men more likely to remain in schools with performance pay.
Modular Organization of Brain Resting State Networks in Chronic Back Pain Patients

Recent work on functional magnetic resonance imaging large-scale brain networks under resting conditions demonstrated its potential to evaluate the integrity of brain function under normal and pathological conditions. A similar approach is used in this work to study a group of chronic back pain patients and healthy controls to determine the impact of long enduring pain over brain dynamics. Correlation networks were constructed from the mutual partial correlations of brain activity's time series selected from ninety regions using a well validated brain parcellation atlas. The study of the resulting networks revealed an organization of up to six communities with similar modularity in both groups, but with important differences in the membership of key communities of frontal and temporal regions. The bulk of these findings were confirmed by a surprisingly naive analysis based on the pairwise correlations of the strongest and weakest correlated healthy regions. Beside confirming the brain effects of long enduring pain, these results provide a framework to study the effect of other chronic conditions over cortical function.
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Sciamachy Co over Land and Oceans: 2003–2007 Interannual Variability

We present a new method to obtain accurate SCIAMACHY CO columns over clouded ocean scenes. Based on an improved version of the Iterative Maximum Likelihood Method (IMLM) retrieval algorithm, we now have retrieved five years of data over both land and clouded ocean scenes between 2003 and 2007. The ocean-cloud method uses the CH 4 columns retrieved simultaneously with the CO columns to determine the cloud top height. The CH 4 cloud top height is in good agreement with the FRESCO+ cloud top height determined from UV-VIS oxygen-A band measurements, providing confidence that the CH 4 cloud top height is a good diagnostic of the cloud top height over (partially) clouded ocean scenes. The CO measurements over clouded ocean scenes have been compared with collocated modeled CO columns over the same clouds and agree well. Using clouded ocean scenes quadruples the number of useful CO measurements compared to land-only measurements. The five-year CO data set over land and clouded ocean scenes presented here is based on an improved version of the IMLM algorithm which includes a more accurate determination of the random instrument-noise error for CO. This leads to a smaller spread in the differences between single CO measurements and the corresponding model values. The new version, IMLM version 7.4, also uses updated spectro-scopic parameters for H 2 O and CH 4 but this has only a minor impact on the retrieved CO columns. The five-year data set shows significant interannual variability over land and over clouded ocean scenes. Three examples are highlighted: the Asian outflow of pollution over the northern Pacific, the biomass-burning outflow over the Indian Ocean originating from Indonesia, and biomass burning in Brazil. In general there is good agreement between observed and modeled seasonal cycles and interannual variability.
Effects of raloxifene on bone metabolism and serum lipids in postmenopausal women on chronic hemodialysis.

BACKGROUND Premature amenorrhea and hypoestrogenism and lack of hormone replacement therapy after menopause have been frequently reported in uremic women on dialysis. Therefore, in addition to renal osteodystrophy, postmenopausal women on dialysis could be at risk of osteoporosis. In addition, these patients are at higher risk for hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, and subsequent coronary heart disease and stroke. Recent evidence has suggested that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women could have several beneficial effects as well as potentially serious risks. Great efforts have been made to identify therapeutic alternatives that would have the benefits of estrogen on brain and bone without its adverse effects on breast and endometrium. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), on bone metabolism and serum lipids in postmenopausal women on chronic hemodialysis. METHODS We performed a prospective, blind, placebo-controlled, and randomized study. Fifty postmenopausal women on chronic hemodialysis with proven severe osteopenia or osteoporosis by bone densitometry were selected. After a written informed consent, patients were randomized into two groups: 25 women on placebo and 25 women on the study drug, raloxifene hydrochloride, at a dose of 60 mg/day. In all patients, we performed a baseline bone mineral density (BMD) analysis and simultaneously evaluated different biochemical parameters, serum lipids (total low-density lipoprotein [LDL] and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol and triglycerides) and serum markers of bone resorption (pyridinoline crosslinks). BMD was reassessed after 1 year of therapy. Bone resorption markers were determined every 3 months for 1 year. RESULTS After 1 year on raloxifene therapy, lumbar spine BMD (trabecular bone) significantly improved, whereas femoral neck BMD (cortical bone) did not change significantly. No changes in BMD were observed at trabecular or cortical sites in the placebo group. Serum pyridinoline levels showed a significant decrease after 6 months on raloxifene that persisted thereafter. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol decreased significantly in the raloxifene group with no changes in serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, or HDL cholesterol. No significant side effects were observed in the raloxifene group. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that after one year on raloxifene, postmenopausal women on hemodialysis have a significant increase in trabecular BMD, decrease in bone resorption markers and LDL-cholesterol values, suggesting that SERMs could constitute a therapeutic alternative to improve bone metabolism and control of hyperlipidemia in these patients. The possible long-term effects of raloxifene remain to be determined.
On Random Error Correcting Codes Based on Quasigroups

Random error-correcting codes based on quasigroups transformations are proposed elsewhere. They are similar to convolution codes and the dependence of the properties of the codes from the used quasigroups are investigated in earlier paper of ours. In this paper we compare the Random error correcting codes based on quasigroups with the well know Reed-Muller and Reed-Solomon codes. The obtained experimental results show that in the case when the bit-error probability of binary symmetric channel is p > 0.05 (p > 0.06) then the random codes based on quasigroups over perform the Reed-Muller and Reed-Solomon codes for the packet-error probability (for the bit-error
Charcoalified wood from the cenomanian of gard (Southern France): An insight into early angiosperm palaeoecology

The discovery in the Cenomanian (early Late Cretaceous) of Southern France of several localities with abundant charcoal has brought to light several angiosperm wood types. This is the oldest angiosperm wood assemblage discovered yet for Europe. Here we analyse this assemblage, with emphasis on features recognized to be of particular palaeoecological and climatic signi cance for the Cainozoic according to earlier studies and comparing the inferred results to those from other independent lines of evidence (sedimentology, palynology, isotopic geochemistry, etc.). Vessel diameter and distribution, perforation plates, abundance of vascular tracheids and of septate bres, presence of diffuse axial parenchyma perhaps should not be used as palaeoecological proxies for the Cretaceous because they do not seem to clearly correlate with other lines of evidence that indicate warm tropical conditions. The abundance of bre-tracheids ts with the other sources of data, but our results are probably biased by preservation problems. On the contrary, the occurrence of growth-rings, porosity, vessel density, occurrence of vessel groups, occurrence of vasicentric tracheids and of some paratracheal to vasicentric and banded axial parenchyma correlate well with other palaeoclimate indicators. These results show that these features can be used for palaeoclimatological inferences during the early Late Cretaceous.
Nest site selection, productivity, and food habits of ferruginous hawks in southeastern Montana

Ferruginous hawks (Buteo regalis) were studied on 492 km of public land in southeastern Montana during the 1981 and 1982 nesting seasons. Nest sites were significantly removed from roads and areas of continual human activity. Ninety-one nests were located, 97% were situated on the ground in association with hills and ridges encompassing broad, flat valleys. Sixty-seven percent of all nests were located on the ends of side-ridges, knobs on ridgetops or lone knolls. Eighty-three percent of all nests were on slopes which were oriented in a 180° arc from southwest through north to northeast with 24% possessing a southwest orientation. Nests which were occupied in the 2 years possessed significantly more vantage from the nest than unoccupied nests. Bare ground and grass-forb cover within a 5 m radius of all nests differed significantly between the years while big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) cover averaged 15% in both years. Occupied nests in both years had similar levels of grass-forb cover (32.7 and 36.8%, respectively) adjacent to the nest, in spite of the significant differences noted at all nests. Increases in grass-forb cover measured at a nest were accompanied by decreases in sagebrush cover. Twelve and 11 nest territories were occupied during the 2 years of study, out of a potential of 25. Two-year average clutch size was 2.69, and 26% of all occupied nests were successful. Five juveniles were fledged each year, for an average of 1.67 juveniles per successful nest and 0.34 per nest attempt. Predation and sibling fratricide were the major causes of nestling mortality, accounting for 34 and 27%, respectively, of the total progeny loss. White-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus townsendii) represented the greatest frequency (24.4%) and biomass of prey items collected from nests. Other important prey items and their frequency of occurrence included western meadowlarks (Sturnella neglecta) 18.3%, thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Spermophilus trideoemtineatus) 12.7%, and northern pocket gophers (Thomomys tatpoides) 11.7%. Low prey densities and decreased prey vulnerability are implicated as major factors contributing to the dearth of nesting pairs and poor reproductive output. Notes are included concerning relative abundances of potential prey, the raptor community, and the behavior of adult and juvenile ferruginous hawks. NEST SITE SELECTION, PRODUCTIVITY, AND FOOD HABITS OF FERRUGINOUS HAWKS IN SOUTHEASTERN MONTANA by John Thomas Ensign A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Fish and Wildlife Management MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana'
ANALYSE DES SIGNAUX ACOUSTIQUES D'ORIGINE BIOLOGIQUE ENREGISTRES DANS L'OCEAN INDIEN : IMPLICATIONS DANS LE RECENSEMENT ET LE SUIVI DES MOUVEMENTS SAISONNIERS DES CETACES

L’objectif de cette these est d’apporter des elements de reponses sur la presence et la repartition des grandes baleines dans le secteur Indien de l’Ocean Austral. En effet, ces especes ont tres fortement souffert de la chasse industrielle menee au cours du XXeme siecle. Leur presence et leur repartition actuelle dans l’Ocean Austral restent largement meconnues ; les rares observations visuelles de grandes baleines apportent tres peu d’informations et soulignent les difficultes de cette approche classique pour l’etude de ces animaux. Dans cette etude, une annee d’enregistrements acoustiques provenant d’un observatoire d’ecoute localise en zone subantarctique (Crozet) a ete analysee afin de reperer les signaux acoustiques typiques emis par les grandes baleines et temoins de leur presence. Les resultats suggerent que quatre especes ou sous-especes de grandes baleines sont presentes dans le secteur Indien de l’Ocean Austral (le rorqual commun, la baleine bleue Antarctique, la baleine bleue pygmee de Madagascar et d’Australie) dans une zone d’ecoute estimee au maximum a 250km (d’apres le modele de propagation du son utilise). Les variations saisonnieres dans le nombre et dans l’intensite des cris mais aussi dans les estimations des distances de presence, indiquent une presence occasionnelle, saisonniere ou permanente de ces grandes baleines. Dans ce secteur, le rorqual commun est present occasionnellement durant l’hiver et l’automne, alors que la baleine bleue Antarctique, est detectee toute l’annee. Une forte diminution du nombre de cris de cette espece, l’ete, suggere qu’une partie de la population quitte la zone durant la periode estivale, certainement pour migrer vers les aires d’alimentation des hautes latitudes. Cependant, des cris sont toujours detectes durant l’ete et au debut de l’automne, ce qui suggere qu’une partie de la population n’effectue pas de migration et reste en zone subantarctique. Or, exclusivement du milieu de l’ete a la fin de l’automne, une autre sous-espece de baleine bleue, la baleine bleue pygmee de type Madagascar est detectee. Cette periode coincide avec l’activite d’alimentation de l’espece. La presence de ces deux sous-especes autour de Crozet durant l’ete et l’automne suggere alors que cette zone subantarctique semble etre une aire d’alimentation privilegiee pour ces deux grandes baleines.
Physicochemical and sensorial characterization of table tomato cultivars

The objective of this work was to characterize the physicochemical and sensorial quality of the post-harvest quality of three table tomato cultivars marketed in the local market of Altamira-PA in order to identify which cultivar presents the smallest physiological changes and better consumption conditions over of storage time. The physical-chemical parameters analyzed were: loss of fresh mass, total soluble solids, titratable total acidity, pH, SST / ATT ratio and sensorial analysis on firmness, peel color, general quality and incidence of rot. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design under a 5x3 factorial arrangement (storage days x cultivars) with four replicates. With the exception of the rotting variable, all the variables analyzed showed a significant effect at the 1 and 5% probability level in the interaction of the days storage factors and cultivars. In general, it can be observed that the evaluated cultivars present slight differences in their physico-chemical and sensorial constitution that compromise their quality and useful life. The physiological changes of greater expressiveness were obtained by the fruits of the cultivar Santa Adelia, which suggests a consumption and commercialization in a few days given the low tolerance to storage in the condition of ambient temperature. The fruits of the cultivar TY were resistant to physical-chemical and sensory changes induced by ripening and were therefore recommended for commercialization and consumption. Principal component analysis ratifies this effect by correlating a greater number of variables to TY cultivar and none to Santa Adelia cultivar.
2. Faulting of the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 as Revealed by Seismological Data

The fault parameters of the Great Kanto earthquake of September 1, 1923, are determined on the basis of the first-motion data, aftershock area, and the amplitude of surface waves at teleseismic stations. It is found that the faulting of this earthquake is a reverse right-lateral fault on a plane which dips 34° towards N20°E. The auxiliary plane has a dip of 80° towards S55°E. This means that the foot-wall side moves approximately north-west with respect to the hanging wall side. The strike of the fault plane is almost parallel to that of the Sagami trough, and the slip direction is more or less perpendicular to the trend of the Japan trench. This earthquake is therefore considered to represent a slippage between two crustal blocks bounded by the Sagami trough. A seismic moment of 7.6×1027 dyne-cm is obtained. If the fault dimension is taken to be 130×70 km2, the average slip on the fault plane and the stress drop are estimated to be 2.1m and 18 bars respectively. This slip is about 1/3 of that estimated from geodetic data. This discrepancy may indicate an existence of a pre-seismic deformation which did not contribute to the seismic wave radiation, but the evidence from other observations is not very firm.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

Previous research reported the translocation of nano‐ and microplastics from the gastrointestinal tract to tissues in Daphnia magna, most prominently of fluorescent polystyrene beads to lipid droplets. For particles >300 nm, such transfer is biologically implausible as the peritrophic membrane retains these in the daphnid gut. We used confocal laser scanning microscopy to study tissue transfer applying the setup from a previous study (neonates exposed to 20 and 1000 nm polystyrene beads at 2 μg L for 4 and 24 h), the same setup with a fructose‐based clearing, and a setup with a 1000‐fold higher concentration (2 mg L). We used passive sampling to investigate whether the beads leach the fluorescent dye. Although the 1000 nm beads were visible in the gut at both exposure concentrations, the 20 nm beads were detectable at 2 mg L only. At this concentration, we observed fluorescence in lipid droplets in daphnids exposed to both particle types. However, this did not colocalize with the 1000 nm beads, which remained visible in the gut. We further confirmed the leaching of the fluorescent dye using a passive sampler, a method that can also be applied in future studies. In summary, we cannot replicate the original study but demonstrate that the fluorescence in the lipid droplets of D. magna results from leaching of the dye. Thus, the use of fluorescence as a surrogate for particles can lead to artifacts in uptake and translocation studies. This highlights the need to confirm the stability of the fluorescence label or to localize particles using alternative methods. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1495–1503. © 2019 SETAC
In situ breeding for soil abiotic stress tolerance in wheat.

Plant breeding programs are mainly settled in breeding institutions accompanied by experimental fields established nearby. Experimental fields are usually organized in favorable agro-technical conditions on a soil as best as possible. That is understandable, because the targets of breeding process, as well, as selection criteria are adjusted for intensive agricultural conditions. However, the increasing demand for food requires all the available resources to be put in good use. In that aspect, the land non-suitable for agricultural production, at the moment, become of certain interest for broadening agricultural potentials. More intensive agricultural use of less productive or degraded soil, involves novel genotypes obtained under adequate selection criteria in specialized breeding programs. The general debate is whether ex situ breeding programs were good enough to meet the challenge or in situ established breeding would be required? Experiences and results from parallel wheat breeding trials on chernozem, and solonetz soil are commented in the article.
Grain size distribution of the surface sediments collected during the Lake Michigan mass balance and environmental mapping and assessment programs. Technical memo

The Lake Michigan Mass Balance (LMMB) study, a national demonstration program within EPA, was initiated to develop improved strategies for management and control of toxic chemicals in the coastal environment. The objective of this component of the LMMB program is to accurately estimate the inventory of exchangeable contaminants in the sediments and estimate the rates associated with the cycling of these materials. One major parameter known to control contaminant distribution and transport in sediments is the sediment grain size distribution. This report describes the results of the analyses of grain size distribution in Lake Michigan surface sediments.
Monetary Policy Surprises and Exchange Rate Abnormalities

Central banks unexpectedly tightening policy rates often observe the exchange value of their currency depreciate, rather than appreciating as predicted by standard models. We document this for Fed and ECB policy days using eventstudies and ask whether an information e ect, where the public attributes the policy surprise to an unobserved state of the economy that the central bank is signaling by its policy may explain the abnormality. It turns out that many informational assumptions make a standard two-country New Keynesian model match this behavior. To identify the particular mechanism we condition on reactions of longer term interest rates in the eventstudy and model implications for these. We nd that there is heterogeneity in this dimension in the eventstudy and no model with a single regime can match the evidence. Further, even after conditioning on the information e ects on longer term interest rates, there may be independent information in the reaction of exchange rates. JEL Classi cation: E43, E44, E52, E58, G14.