Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Naviglio's Principle and Presentation of an Innovative Solid–Liquid Extraction Technology: Extractor Naviglio®

Abstract In this article, starting from a new solid–liquid extractive principle an innovative solid–liquid extractor is showed. Extractor Naviglio® works at room temperature and it does not need to heat the extractive system; this fact is important in the field of officinal plants and in many other cases when the objective of the extraction are the active principles or compounds sensible to the temperature. Experimental trials have demonstrated that two hours are sufficient to extract the more common plants like wild camomile, calendula, peppermint, tea, etc.; while more time for complete extraction of roots or cortex is requested. Extractor Naviglio® changes the philosophy of solid–liquid extraction because it does not work on diffusion and osmosis principle like the major part of actual solid–liquid extraction techniques but it works on a new extractive principle: Naviglio's Principle, based on generating of a gradient pressure between the inner and the outlet of solid matrix.
Inhibition of ferroptosis‐like cell death attenuates neuropathic pain reactions induced by peripheral nerve injury in rats

Relationships between iron‐dependent ferroptosis and nerve system diseases have been recently revealed. However, the role of ferroptosis in neuropathic pain (NeP) remains to be elucidated. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether ferroptosis in spinal cord contributes to NeP induced by a chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve.
Cytosolic HSC70s repress heat stress tolerance and enhance seed germination under salt stress conditions.

Heat shock factor A1 (HsfA1) family proteins are the master regulators of the heat stress-responsive transcriptional cascade in Arabidopsis. Although 70 kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70s) are known to participate in repressing HsfA1 activity, the mechanisms by which they regulate HsfA1 activity have not been clarified. Here, we report the physiological functions of three cytosolic HSP70s, HSC70-1, HSC70-2 and HSC70-3, under normal and stress conditions. Expression of the HSC70 genes was observed in whole seedlings, and the HSC70 proteins were observed in the cytoplasm and nucleus under normal and stress conditions, as were the HsfA1s. hsc70-1/2 double and hsc70-1/2/3 triple mutants showed higher thermotolerance than the wild-type (WT) plants. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the upregulation of heat stress-responsive HsfA1-downstream genes in hsc70-1/2/3 mutants under normal growth conditions, demonstrating that these HSC70s redundantly function as repressors of HsfA1 activity. Furthermore, hsc70-1/2/3 plants showed a more severe growth delay during the germination stage than the WT plants under high-salt stress conditions, and many seed-specific cluster 2 genes that exhibited suppressed expression during germination were expressed in hsc70-1/2/3 plants, suggesting that these HSC70s also function in the developmental transition from seed to seedling under high-salt conditions by suppressing the expression of cluster 2 genes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Lifestyle and Body Weight Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Children: Increasing Disparity

aDivision of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, LMU – Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Munich, Germany; bTUM School of Medicine, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; cElse Kröner-Fresenius-Center of Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany Received: November 2, 2020 Accepted: January 4, 2021 Published online: January 26, 2021
Associations of Problematic Binge-Watching with Depression, Social Interaction Anxiety, and Loneliness

Background: Binge-watching refers to the watching of several episodes of a TV series or program in rapid succession. This study aims to investigate the associations of binge-watching behavior with depression, social interaction anxiety, and loneliness risks among adults in Taiwan. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in October 2018, in which data from 1488 participants were collected using a self-administered questionnaire comprising four valid and reliable scales: the Center for Epidemiologic Studied Depression Scale (CES-D), the Chinese version of the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS-C), the UCLA Loneliness Scale (version 3), and the Problematic Series Watching Scale (PSWS). Results: Among the surveyed participants, the mean age was 28.3, and most participants were women who had completed undergraduate education. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that, after adjustments for sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported health statuses, the score on the problematic binge-watching scale was positively associated with the scores on the depression, social interaction anxiety, and loneliness scales (p < 0.001 for each model). Conclusions: Problematic binge-watching was associated with increased depression, social interaction anxiety, and loneliness risks among adults in Taiwan. Additional studies on the relationship between problematic binge-watching and mental health problems, as well as its potential mechanism, are warranted.
Are less aggressive national lockdowns in COVID-19 associated with enhanced economic activity?

Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), most countries introduced strong infection control measures such as nationwide lockdowns, but some pri-oritized economic activity over infection control assuming a trade-off between them. Actually, Japan focused on only finding clusters and tracing strategy without rigorous testing for the public, did not enforce a lockdown with penalties, and promoted domestic travel through “Go to Travel and Eat campaigns” to mitigate economic damage until the end of 2020. Also, Sweden did not close bars, restaurants, and other public spaces, and actively discouraged people from wearing face masks, which some experts described as a “herd immunity” strategy. In this context, a previous study reported that stronger regu-lation indicated by the Oxford University’s Stringency Index is related to greater reductions in gross domestic product (GDP). 1,2 However, the subject of the study was 37 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries plus China, which raises questions about comparability among them. Therefore, we compared infection control measures, infection status and economic damage of Japan and Sweden with only those of respective neighboring countries to evaluate whether lenient infection control measures have more economic advantage than otherwise.
Integrating Cognitive Radio with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: An Overview

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) demand technologies so they can not only fly autonomously, but also communicate with base stations, flight controllers, computers, devices, or even other UAVs. Still, UAVs usually operate within unlicensed spectrum bands, competing against the increasing number of mobile devices and other wireless networks. Combining UAVs with Cognitive Radio (CR) may increase their general communication performance, thus allowing them to execute missions where the conventional UAVs face limitations. CR provides a smart wireless communication which, instead of using a transmission frequency defined in the hardware, uses software transmission. CR smartly uses free transmission channels and/or chooses them according to application’s requirements. Moreover, CR is considered a key enabler for deploying technologies that require high connectivity, such as Smart Cities, 5G, Internet of Things (IoT), and the Internet of Flying Things (IoFT). This paper presents an overview on the field of CR for UAV communications and its state-of-the-art, testbed alternatives for real data experiments, as well as specifications to build a simple and low-cost testbed, and indicates key opportunities and future challenges in the field.
Assisted estimation of gene expression graphical models

In the study of gene expression data, network analysis has played a uniquely important role. To accommodate the high dimensionality and low sample size and generate interpretable results, regularized estimation is usually conducted in the construction of gene expression Gaussian Graphical Models (GGM). Here we use GeO‐GGM to represent gene‐expression‐only GGM. Gene expressions are regulated by regulators. gene‐expression‐regulator GGMs (GeR‐GGMs), which accommodate gene expressions as well as their regulators, have been constructed accordingly. In practical data analysis, with a “lack of information” caused by the large number of model parameters, limited sample size, and weak signals, the construction of both GeO‐GGMs and GeR‐GGMs is often unsatisfactory. In this article, we recognize that with the regulation between gene expressions and regulators, the sparsity structures of a GeO‐GGM and its GeR‐GGM counterpart can satisfy a hierarchy. Accordingly, we propose a joint estimation which reinforces the hierarchical structure and use the construction of a GeO‐GGM to assist that of its GeR‐GGM counterpart and vice versa. Consistency properties are rigorously established, and an effective computational algorithm is developed. In simulation, the assisted construction outperforms the separation construction of GeO‐GGM and GeR‐GGM. Two The Cancer Genome Atlas data sets are analyzed, leading to findings different from the direct competitors.
Single versus double application of vaginal dinoprostone: maternal factors affecting responsiveness

Abstract Purpose: The aim of our study was to identify maternal characteristics of women who are responsive to the second application of vaginal dinoprostone in a cohort of patients with a low Bishop Score. Secondarily, we compared the outcome of the patients’ response to a single application to that of the women’s response to a double application. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study. Patients undergoing preinduction of labor with dinoprostone 10mg controlled-release vaginal device were included. Results: Among 216 included patients, 192 women (88.9%) achieved a cervical ripening after a single application of dinoprostone, while 24 (11.1%) required a second application. Patients notresponding to the first application of dinoprostone had a significantly higher body mass index (27.4 ± 6.7 kg/m2 vs 24.9 ± 5.2 kg/m2; p < 0.05) and a significant increase in gestational weight gain (14 ± 5.2 kg vs 11.6 ± 6.1; p < 0.005). Double application of dinoprostone resulted in spontaneousdelivery in 58.4% of cases, but it was related to poorer neonatal outcome, compared to a single application. Conclusions: Obese women, not responding to the first application of dinoprostone could respond to the second application of this vaginal prostaglandin. However, data related to the use of a double application are still very limited to recommend its use as a standardized procedurefor not responsive patients.
Electrostatic Enhancement of the Collection Efficiency of Stainless Steel Fiber Filters

This study investigated the effect of using a stainless steel fibrous filter as the ground electrode of a point-to-plate electrostatic precipitator on particle penetration. The effect of the electrical field on particle penetration was investigated at 4 different filter face velocities (25, 50, 100, and 125 cm/s) for monodisperse PSL and silica particles (size range 0.05-1 m) as well as polydis perse ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and ultrafine indoor air particles. Particle penetration was greatly reduced by the application of the electrical field. By comparison, the performance of electrically active fibrous filters has been shown to rapidly degrade as particle loading exceeds 2-3 g/m2. The effect of particle loading on particle penetration was also investigated at a filter face velocity of 50 cm/s. Particle penetration seemed to slightly decrease with particle loading and was independent of particle size. These results indicated that the accumulation of nonconductive particles up to 15 cm3/ m2 does not create ''back corona,'' which would substantially decrease the collection efficiency of the grounded filter. In conclusion, our experiments suggest that using metal filters as the collector electrodes may be an attractive alternative design for electrostatic precipitators.
The Arabidopsis GRAS-type SCL28 transcription factor controls the mitotic cell cycle and division plane orientation

Significance The mitotic cell cycle (MCC) sustains plant organ growth by producing new cells in the meristems. Multiple mechanisms of gene expression regulation determine the dynamics of gene expression across the successive phases of the cell cycle. At the transcriptional level, only E2F and MYB3R transcription factors (TFs) have been identified as controlling gene expression dynamics in the MCC. In this work, we analyze the transcriptome of cells in the G2/M phases of the cell cycle and identify SCL28, a previously uncharacterized GRAS TF, as a regulator of the MCC in plants. Gene expression is reconfigured rapidly during the cell cycle to execute the cellular functions specific to each phase. Studies conducted with synchronized plant cell suspension cultures have identified hundreds of genes with periodic expression patterns across the phases of the cell cycle, but these results may differ from expression occurring in the context of intact organs. Here, we describe the use of fluorescence-activated cell sorting to analyze the gene expression profile of G2/M cells in the growing root. To this end, we isolated cells expressing the early mitosis cell cycle marker CYCLINB1;1-GFP from Arabidopsis root tips. Transcriptome analysis of these cells allowed identification of hundreds of genes whose expression is reduced or enriched in G2/M cells, including many not previously reported from cell suspension cultures. From this dataset, we identified SCL28, a transcription factor belonging to the GRAS family, whose messenger RNA accumulates to the highest levels in G2/M and is regulated by MYB3R transcription factors. Functional analysis indicates that SCL28 promotes progression through G2/M and modulates the selection of cell division planes.
Exploring the impact of gut microbiota and diet on breast cancer risk and progression

There is emerging evidence that resident microbiota communities, that is, the microbiota, play a key role in cancer outcomes and anticancer responses. Although this has been relatively well studied in colorectal cancer and melanoma, other cancers, such as breast cancer (BrCa), have been largely overlooked to date. Importantly, many of the environmental factors associated with BrCa incidence and progression are also known to impact the microbiota, for example, diet and antibiotics. Here, we explore BrCa risk factors from large epidemiology studies and microbiota associations, and more recent studies that have directly profiled BrCa patients' gut microbiotas. We also discuss how in vivo studies have begun to unravel the immune mechanisms whereby the microbiota may influence BrCa responses, and finally we examine how diet and specific nutrients are also linked to BrCa outcomes. We also consider future research avenues and important considerations with respect to study design and implementation, and we highlight some of the important unresolved questions, which currently limit our overall understanding of the mechanisms underpinning microbiota‐BrCa responses.
Effect of soil types and nitrogen fertilizer on nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in oil palm plantations

Abstract Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) production in Indonesia and Malaysia is currently the focus of concern due to its potential impact on the environment via greenhouse gas emissions. Oil palm plantations have been reported to release large quantities of nitrous oxide (N2O) into the atmosphere, which is most likely linked to nitrogen (N) fertilizer use. However, there are still limited studies comparing effects of the type of soil and N fertilizer on N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of soil types and N fertilizer on N2O and CO2 emissions in oil palm plantations. N2O and CO2 emissions were measured for 15–16 months from 2010–2012 in Tunggal sandy loam soil, Indonesia, and in Simunjan sandy soil and Tatau peat soil, Malaysia. Within each site, treatments with coated fertilizer and conventional fertilizer, and unfertilized with and without tillage, were established. N2O and CO2 fluxes showed high variabilities with seasons, types of soil and fertilizer treatments. The mean of the N2O fluxes from each treatment in the Simunjan sandy soil was the lowest among the three soils, ranging from 0.80 to 3.81 and 1.63 to 5.34 μg N m−2 h−1 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The mean of the N2O fluxes from each treatment in the Tunggal sandy loam soil ranged from 27.4 to 89.7 and 6.27 to 19.1 μg N m−2 h−1 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The mean of the N2O fluxes was found to be the highest among the three soils in each treatment of the Tatau peat soil, ranging from 131 to 523 and 66.1 to 606 μg N m−2 h−1 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The N application rate of coated fertilizer was about half that of conventional fertilizer and was applied as deep placement. In the Tungal soil, coated fertilizer reduced N2O emissions by 31 and 48% in wet and dry seasons, respectively, compared to the conventional fertilizer, and was similar to unfertilized treatment. However, N2O emissions increased in Simunjan and Tatau soils during dry seasons. There was no significant difference between treatments. These results show that N2O and CO2 fluxes in the tropical oil palm plantations were significantly affected by the type of soil, but not always by fertilizer treatments.
S‐cone contribution to the acute melatonin suppression response in humans

Light influences diverse aspects of human physiology and behaviour including neuroendocrine function, the circadian system and sleep. A role for melanopsin‐expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) in driving such effects is well established. However, rod and/or cone signals routed through ipRGCs could also influence “non‐visual” spectral sensitivity. In humans, this has been most extensively studied for acute, light‐dependent, suppression of nocturnal melatonin production. Of the published action spectra for melatonin suppression, one demonstrates a spectral sensitivity consistent with that expected for melanopsin while our own (using briefer 30 minute light exposures) displays very high sensitivity to short wavelength light, suggesting a contribution of S‐cones. To clarify that possibility, six healthy young male participants were each exposed to 30 minutes of five irradiances of 415 nm monochromatic light (1‐40 µW/cm2) across different nights. These data were then combined with the original action spectrum. The aggregated data are incompatible with the involvement of any single‐opsin and multi‐opsin models based on the original action spectrum (including Circadian Stimulus) fail to predict the responses to 415 nm stimuli. Instead, the extended action spectrum can be most simply approximated by an ~2:1 combination of melanopsin and S‐cone signals. Such a model also better describes the magnitude of melatonin suppression observed in other studies using an equivalent 30 minute mono‐ or polychromatic light paradigm but not those using longer (90 minute) light exposures. In sum, these data provide evidence for an initial S‐cone contribution to melatonin suppression that rapidly decays under extended light exposure.
“When I Sing, I Feel Peaceful”: Experiences of Older Choral Singers From North Korea

North Korean (NK) defectors fled their homeland and traveled thousands of miles in search of a better life. This qualitative study explored the experiences of older NK defectors who were part of a serious leisure choral group. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight NK defector members of a South Korean choir group, from which four central themes emerged: (a) conquering adversity and promoting health; (b) making good friends and having great adventures; (c) providing an arena to develop a new identity; and (d) developing proficiency through vigorous efforts. Involvement in choral singing as a serious leisure activity assisted the members in overcoming the various adversities they were facing, promoted their physical and mental health, and helped them develop comradery and new social identities.
Examining Sociodemographic Factors, Food Insecurity and Obesity of Food Pantry Clients in Alaska: A Cross Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Food insecurity continues to be high despite the increasing use of emergency food assistance. Research shows that food insecurity among food pantry clients is over 50–70%. Despite the high rates, there remains the paradox of people who are both food insecure and obese. Limited research has examined links between obesity, food insecurity, and food pantry clients. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between food security, weight, and sociodemographic factors of clients at the largest food pantry in Alaska. On-site surveys were completed with 148 clients between February and March of 2018. Descriptive statistics, chi-square models, and a multivariate logistic regression were used to describe participants and determine any associations. Alaska food pantry clients are primarily over 45 years old, work at least part time, and make less than $25,000 per year. A majority of participants (n = 148) were either overweight or obese (69.6%) and food insecure (88.4%). No significant associations were found between weight and food security status. Despite the lack of statistical significance, results help understand pantry clients’ demographic, food security, and weight status. Providing emergency food assistance and addressing underlying causes of food insecurity or obesity, such as the ability to access healthy food, are needed first steps.
Particle velocity profiles and solid flow patterns in spouted beds

A fibre optic probe system was used to measure the profiles of vertical particle velocities in the spout and the fountain of a half-column and a full-column spouted bed. In addition, a fibre optic image probe was employed to measure vertical particle velocity profiles in the annulus of the full-column. In the spout, radial profiles of vertical particle velocities were of near Gaussian distribution. Particle velocities along the spout axis in the half-column were 30% lower than in the full-column under identical operating conditions. In the half column, particle velocities adjacent to the front plate were approximately 24% lower than a few millimeters away. The fountain core expanded suddenly near the bed surface and then gradually contracted with height. The model of Grace and Mathur (1978) gave good predictions of fountain heights for the full-column. In the annulus region, there was a 28% difference between particle velocities adjacent to the column wall and those only 2 mm away. The integrated upward solids mass flow in the spout and the downward solids flow in the annulus matched well at different bed levels.