Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Servant Leadership, Organizational Culture and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Innovative Work Behavior

This study aims to identify the relationship between servant leadership and organizational culture with innovative work behavior through organizational citizenship behavior. This research was conducted through a survey of 179 employees at one of the consumer goods industrial companies in Bekasi, Indonesia in November 2021, who had worked for more than one year from staff to management positions, by distributing questions electronically. The Smart PLS structural equation model is used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis show that servant leadership and organizational culture had positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior, servant leadership has an indirect relationship in increasing innovative work behavior, organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior had positive effect to increase innovative work behavior in consumer goods industry employees. It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference in developing further research on the influence of servant leadership and organizational culture to increase innovative work behavior through organizational citizenship behavior and can be used as a consideration in implementing effective human resources. Article Information Article History: Received February 07, 2022 Revised March 27, 2022 Accepted March 27, 2022
Morphometric and molecular characterization of Moniezia species in sheep in Mosul city, Iraq

The current study examined 100 small intestines collected randomly from sheep slaughtered in the abattoir and butcher’s shops from different Mosul city / Iraq areas of both sexes (55 females, 45 males) and different ages. Moniezia expansa was diagnosed in 9 samples of intestines by studying the morphometric characteristics of these tapeworms, especially the mature segments, in which both the ovaries and vitelline glands appeared in the ring shape on either side of the body segments and the rosette-like shape of the interproglotidial glands. No significant difference was noticed between males and females of sheep in our study, and the infection rate was 10% in sheep less than a year old and older than two years, with no significant difference between the age groups. The results of the molecular analysis by using conventional polymerase chain reaction technique confirmed the diagnosis of these worms, which belong to the genus Moniezia, with a product reaction of 700 base pairs . The sequencing result shows two strains of Moniezia expanza, which isolated from Iraq (Moniezia expansa-Iraqi one and Moniezia expansa-Iraqi 2) were similar to each other had a significant distance to other strains. The study also showed that Moniezia expansa is different from the same species in other countries.
DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW ANTIBIOTIC COMPOSITION FOR A RABBIT SEMEN DILUTION MEDIUM (GALAP®)

Given the alarming increasing of bacterial resistan ce, it was necessary to remove fluoroquinolone of semen dilution media, particularly GALAP® for rabbi t semen. The purpose of this study was to search for new enrofloxacin-substitutable antibiotics and to study the effect of a new antibiotic composition of GALAP® based on semen motility and fecundity. Se veral bacterial strains were isolated from poorquality ejaculates, and were tested for antibiotic resistance. Out of 15 antibiotics tested, gentamyci n was the one that caught our attention by targeting 82.8 % of the colonies identified. In vivo tests we re then carried out to analyze the effects of this ant ibiotic change on sperm parameters. Pools of good quality semen were diluted in original or gentamyci n added GALAP®. Ejaculates were analyzed on the day of collection and up to 6 days storage. Aft er 24h of storage, the motility in the new medium was reduced by 7.7 % compared to the original mediu m and this decrease was not amplified with storage time. At 6 days storage, no difference betw e n the two media was detected. Females were then inseminated with semen pools diluted 1:10 in origin al or GALAP® with gentamycin. No difference in female fecundity was detected, between the 2 media. The decrease in motility does not impact the female reproductive performance when following the routine protocol of semen processing centers. To conclude, dilution of semen with the new antibiotic formulation of GALAP® is recommended for the insemination of rabbits.
Comparison of Nutritional and Colour Properties of Fresh and Dried Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Slices and Carrot Pomace

This study was carried out to compare the nutritional and colour properties of fresh and dried carrot and carrot pomace. Carrot tubers sliced into cubes and some processed by juice extraction into pomace were dried to equilibrium moisture content at a constant temperature of 60C in an electric convective dryer. The nutritional and colour properties of the samples were determined before and after drying, and compared. It was observed that the fibre contents were higher in the fresh pomace than the fresh carrot, and in the dried samples than the fresh samples. There were significant reductions in carotenoid and vitamin C levels during drying. In the colour analysis, lightness and yellowness were higher in the carrot pomace than the carrot, and the mean values for other colour parameters varied significantly between the fresh and dried samples. Keywords— Carrot, Colour, Drying, Nutritional, Pomace
Determination of Canine Long Bone Ultimate Tensile Strain by Digital Image Correlation

Creating finite element models for simulation of bone behaviour, fracture occurrence and propagation requires feeding the system with adequate mechanical data. To date, little is known about the mechanical behaviour of long canine bones, and in cases of modelling a bone-breakage scenario the ultimate strain at failure still needs to be determined. Extrapolation from human literature or other species is uninteresting as differences of mechanical properties between species are expected (Vahey et al, 1987) [1]. Our purpose was to measure the ultimate tensile strain of canine long bones by Digital Image Correlation (DIC), an optical technique to measure strain under load and a promising measurement method for our purpose. Tension tests of cortical bone strips and flexion tests of entire bones were performed, and the ultimate tensile strain was measured and compared between different specimen and testing scenarios.
Efﬁcient Strategies of Few-Shot On-Device Voice Cloning

Recent advances in neural text-to-speech allowed to build multi-speaker systems capable of performing high-ﬁdelity speech generation. However, it is often desirable to be able to add a new voice to a text-to-speech system based on only a few recordings. In this work, we study several approaches to the design of on-device voice cloning. Starting from a multi-speaker TTS system we improve its quality for a target speaker by ﬁne-tuning the feature generation module on a small speech sample. We compare the performance of a feature generation module based on conventional Tacotron2 with step-wise monotonic attention with the ones based on Non-attentive Tacotron and Glow-TTS. We show that Non-attentive Tacotron signiﬁcantly outperforms the attention-based model and demonstrate that a compact on-device TTS system of good quality can be obtained using only 1 minute of adaptation data with no more than 200 iterations of SGD corresponding to less than 1 hour of on-device training time on a consumer mobile phone.
Was Implementation Left Behind? A National Analysis of State and Federal School Accountability

No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the state accountability systems implemented during the 1990s have included an increasingly intense series of interventions for low-performing schools. If the initial steps were insufficient, schools were supposed to be closed, taken over by other education organizations, or reconstituted. Using event study and difference-in-differences analyses, I find that state accountability and NCLB itself did not affect the frequency of closure and takeover of publicly funded schools in the country. Moreover, I find that NCLB generated an anticipatory but transitory increase in closures and led to a rise in closures among schools with small enrollments. Overall, my findings suggest that the infrequent and weak implementation of the most extreme sanctions on low-performing schools is partly behind the limited effects of accountability policies on student performance.
COMPETING INCENTIVES IN SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING RULES

We describe a framework in which two parties have competing objectives in estimating the mean performance of a stochastic system through sequential sampling. A “regulator” is interested in obtaining a correct measurement with an acceptable probability level, while the “stakeholder” in the project is interested in minimizing the cost associated with the output performance measure and the sampling cost. We demonstrate how the stakeholder can choose an optimal sampling rule to minimize their costs when they have private information which is not shared with the regulator. We further suggest how the regulator can choose a key controllable parameter of the optimal sampling rule in order to asymptotically approach a fair result for both parties.
Beyond Value: CHECKLIST for Testing Inferences in Planning-Based RL

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents are commonly evaluated via their expected value over a distribution of test scenarios. Unfortunately, this evaluation approach provides limited evidence for post-deployment generalization beyond the test distribution. In this paper, we address this limitation by extending the recent CheckList testing methodology from natural language processing to planning-based RL. Specifically, we consider testing RL agents that make decisions via online tree search using a learned transition model and value function. The key idea is to improve the assessment of future performance via a CheckList approach for exploring and assessing the agent's inferences during tree search. The approach provides the user with an interface and general query-rule mechanism for identifying potential inference flaws and validating expected inference invariances. We present a user study involving knowledgeable AI researchers using the approach to evaluate an agent trained to play a complex real-time strategy game. The results show the approach is effective in allowing users to identify previously-unknown flaws in the agent's reasoning. In addition, our analysis provides insight into how AI experts use this type of testing approach, which may help improve future instantiations.
Analysis of Young People’s Attitudes toward Mutual Aid Sup port System in Local Community Using Sensitivity Analysis of Bayesian Network

We have shown the concept of an information-sharing system to support vulnerable road users living in the suburban slope residential areas where public transport is scarce. Then we also have constructed a web service to support their daily life named MASS. The role of MASS is to facilitate the encounter between local community people and to provide the opportunity of resource sharing for solving the difﬁculties in daily life by mutual assistance. To effectively solve the problems of vulnerable road users, mainly older people with MASS, young people’s active participation is essential because most of the resources of skills will be provided by young people. Therefore, to discuss our system’s continuity as a general service, the previous research has conducted an attitude survey on young people’s awareness of resource sharing in their local community and analyzed it with Bayesian networks. From the analysis, the previous research has shown the relationship between the factors, which are not clariﬁed so far, and obtained results that support several hypotheses. However, the previous research has analyzed only the results of evaluating MASS from a subjective view and has not dealt with the survey results of evaluating MASS from an objective viewpoint. Furthermore, each explanatory variable’s strength concerning the objective variable (each one’s evaluation about MASS) was not sufﬁciently clear. This study aims to analyze the sensitivity of each explanatory variable for the objective variable in the constructed model of Bayesian networks and perform inference using the model. From the experiment, we were able to clarify the strength of each explanatory variable quantitatively.
PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathways

Large language models have been shown to achieve remarkable performance across a variety of natural language tasks using few-shot learning, which drastically reduces the number of task-specific training examples needed to adapt the model to a particular application. To further our understanding of the impact of scale on few-shot learning, we trained a 540-billion parameter, densely activated, Transformer language model, which we call Pathways Language Model PaLM. We trained PaLM on 6144 TPU v4 chips using Pathways, a new ML system which enables highly efficient training across multiple TPU Pods. We demonstrate continued benefits of scaling by achieving state-of-the-art few-shot learning results on hundreds of language understanding and generation benchmarks. On a number of these tasks, PaLM 540B achieves breakthrough performance, outperforming the finetuned state-of-the-art on a suite of multi-step reasoning tasks, and outperforming average human performance on the recently released BIG-bench benchmark. A significant number of BIG-bench tasks showed discontinuous improvements from model scale, meaning that performance steeply increased as we scaled to our largest model. PaLM also has strong capabilities in multilingual tasks and source code generation, which we demonstrate on a wide array of benchmarks. We additionally provide a comprehensive analysis on bias and toxicity, and study the extent of training data memorization with respect to model scale. Finally, we discuss the ethical considerations related to large language models and discuss potential mitigation strategies.
The Smoking Paradox: A Twist in the Tale of Vasospastic Angina.

Cigarette smoking is undoubtedly the single most important risk factor and trigger for vasospastic angina, a condition also known as Prinzmetal angina secondary to coronary artery vasospasm. Even decades before vasospastic angina was first described by Dr. Myron Prinzmetal and his colleagues in 1959, there had been suspected connections between smoking and coronary artery vasospasm in what was alluded to then as "tobacco angina. " The intimate relationship between smoking and vasospastic angina has since been extensively researched and validated through decades of epidemiological and clinical studies. The fact that smoking would aggravate vasospastic angina comes with very little surprise, as it has been shown to adversely impact many of the disease processes thought to underlie vasospastic angina, including autonomic dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle hyperactivity, and genetic susceptibility. While avoidance of smoking is the first logical step in managing smokers with vasospastic angina, there have been reported cases of vasospastic angina paradoxically triggered by smoking cessation or relieved with smoking resumption or nicotine replacement therapy. Thus, there appears to be patient-specific factors that could significantly alter the close connection between smoking and vasospastic angina, warranting further mechanistic investigations. In this review, we will examine this complicated relationship between smoking and vasospastic angina from multiple perspectives (historical, mechanistic, and clinical) and call attention to the "smoking paradox," which, with further elucidation, may provide additional insight into the complex mechanisms of VSA and potentially new strategies to treat medically refractory VSA, at least in selected individuals.
Ramsey Numbers of Fans and Large Books

For graphs $G$ and $H$, the Ramsey number $R(G,H)$ is the minimum integer $N$ such that any red/blue edge coloring of $K_N$ contains either a red $G$ or a blue $H$. Let $G+H$ be the graph obtained from vertex disjoint $G$ and $H$ by adding new edges connecting $G$ and $H$ completely, $F_m=K_1+mK_2$ and $B_p(n)=K_p+nK_1$. It is shown $R(F_m,B_p(n))=2(n+p-1)+1$ for fixed $m, p$ and large $n$.
A new eusuchian (Crocodylia) tooth from the Early or Middle Paleocene, with a description of the Early–Middle Paleocene boundary succession at Gemmas Allé, Copenhagen, Denmark

Eusuchian (Crocodylia) tooth from the Early–Middle Paleocene boundary, Copenhagen 1959). The eusuchian Thoracosaurus is well known from a number of skeletal remains from the Danian of Limhamn quarry in southern Sweden, including a complete skull as well as postcranial material (Lundgren 1890; Troedsson 1923, 1924). Skeletal remains of Thoracosaurus sp. comprising a basioccipital, a cervical vertebra, a humerus and a number of isolated teeth, are known from the middle Danian limestone of Faxe quarry, Denmark (Bendix-Almgreen,1972; Bonde et al. 2008). From the same quarry, a bite trace Nihilichnus in a turtle carapace bears indirect evidence of the presence of a crocodylian (Milàn et al. 2011). Finally, an imprint of a ‘reptilian’ tooth resembling the long slender thoracosaurine teeth is mentioned from the The Scandinavian fossil record of Cretaceous and Paleocene Crocodyliformes is extremely scarce, with only a few scattered finds. The Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) of Bornholm and southern Sweden has yielded teeth and skeletal fragments of the non-eusuchian crocodiles Theriosuchus, Bernissartia and cf. Goniopholis (Rees 2000, 2002; Schwarz-Wings et al. 2009). An undesribed jaw fragment preserved in flint of a longirostrine crocodylian with some affinities to Thoracosaurus is known from the Maastrichtian chalk of Møns Klint, Denmark (Gravesen & Jakobsen 2012), and fragmentary material of the poorly known eusuchian crocodyliform Aigialosuchus is described from the Campanian of southern Sweden (Persson A new eusuchian (Crocodylia) tooth from the Early or Middle Paleocene, with a description of the Early– Middle Paleocene boundary succession at Gemmas Allé, Copenhagen, Denmark
The Problem of Intention and the Evaluative Properties of Effects in the Knobe Effect

: In the article, we present analyses and findings which add precision to the role of intentions and the relation between effects in attributing the intentionality of causing a side effect. Our research supplements and modifies numerous findings regarding the appearance of the so-called Knobe effect. The experiments and analyses show that the very originality of the story used by Knobe and the relationship between the evaluative to the occurrence of the side-effect effect. Because of this, we reject the thesis that the mode of attitude of the agent to the caused side effect or that the social expectation of this attitude determine the attribution of the intentionality of the caused effect. On the contrary, we defend the thesis that it is the relationship between the evaluative properties of the main effect and those of the side effect, as well as the impact of a side effect on the main effect, that significantly influence the attribution of intentionality in causing a side effect.
Addressing Physical, Functional, and Physiological Outcomes in Older Adults using an Integrated mHealth Intervention "Active for Life": A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective We evaluated components of an integrated, mobile health-based intervention "Activate for Life" (AFL) on health outcomes in lower-income older adults (≥ 60 years). Methods AFL incorporates balance (Otago; OG), physical strength (Gentle Yoga and yogic Breathing; GYYB), and mental engagement (Behavioral Activation; BA) components. Thirty participants were randomly allocated to one of three study arms (n=10): OG (Arm 1), OG+GYYB (Arm 2), or OG+GYYB+BA (Arm 3; a.k.a. "full AFL"). Participants were evaluated for physical, functional, and physiological endpoints at baseline and post-intervention (12-weeks and/or 3-month follow up). Results Improvements in pain interference and 1,5- anhydroglucitol biomarker levels over time were noted for all arms. No significant changes were observed for other physical, functional, or physiological measures. Discussion This study illustrates potential benefits of the AFL intervention on the health of lower-income older adults. Lessons learned from this pilot trial will inform design improvements for a large-scale randomized controlled trial.
Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on SMEs Product Innovativeness

: This study investigated the effect of Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on product innovativeness in manufacturing SMEs. Using a cross sectional survey design with a sample size of 196, a standard multiple linear regression (MLR) was performed between product innovativeness as the dependent variable and proactiveness and risk-taking dimensions of EO, as independent variables. The results indicate that the predictors explained 22.9% of the variance (R 2 =.241, Adj R 2 =0. 229), F (2,123) = 19.565, t = p < 0.01. Proactiveness (B = .368, t =2.934, p < .004 and risk taking (B = .221, t = 3.272, p = .001) positively and significantly contributed to predicting product innovativeness. It is concluded that proactiveness enhances SMEs’ potential to introduce new products featuring more differentiated characteristics for the market. Similarly, risk-taking enables SMEs to deliver new products of higher uniqueness that enables them surmount fierce competition. The researcher recommend that SME owner-managers should be proactive in seeking new product ideas and customer product information that will in turn enable them generate ideas on designing and manufacturing innovative products.
The relationship between the structural anisotropy of the PFA polymer/compressed expanded graphite-matrix composites and acoustic emission characteristics

The main aim of the study was to search for the relationship between the anisotropy of the structure of polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) – polymer/compressed expanded graphite (CEG)-matrix composites at subsequent stages of the technological process and characteristics of the acoustic emission (AE) descriptors. These composites, obtained after successive technological procedures of impregnation, polymerization, and carbonization, possess different structure, densities, porosity, and other physicochemical properties. In the structures of composites prepared on the basis of CEG, two basic directions can be distinguished: parallel to the bedding plane of graphite sheets and perpendicular to it. The measurements were carried out for the stress acting in these two main directions. The investigation has shown that the AE method enables the detection of anisotropy in the structure of materials. The results of the research show that all four of the acoustic emission descriptors studied in this work are sensitive to the technological stages of these materials on the one hand and their structure anisotropy on the other. Fourier analysis of the recorded spectra provides interesting conclusions about the structural properties of composites as well as a lot of information about the bonding forces between the carbon atoms of which the CEG matrix is composed and the PFA polymer or turbostratic carbon.