Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RE/CONFIGURING NATIONAL INTERESTS IN THE GLOBAL FIELD OF HIGHER EDUCATION

In this dissertation, internationalisation policy changes in Finland and China are studied, with a particular focus on international student recruitment. The main objective is to understand how policy change is constructed in policy texts and how recruitment policies are communicated to prospective international students. Internationalisation policy documents and websites targeted at international students serve as the primary data sources analysed through content, rhetorical and Bacchi’s ‘what’s the problem presented to be’ analyses. Once a rather marginalized activity, internationalisation policies in higher education have turned into a key policy field. For both Finland and China, internationalisation policies have played a significant national role by supporting wider societal opportunities and developing a higher education system. Since the end of the 1980s, Finland has become more open to the West, sending students abroad for international short-term study experiences. As part of the opening up policy introduced by Deng Xiaoping, China also developed a strategy to send their students abroad for degree studies. Later, these export strategies are accompanied with internationalising home campuses that included recruiting international students. Within a global context, these two countries can be considered non-traditional destinations for studying abroad. As a comparative approach, I follow the contrasting contexts approach to interpret and understand the phenomenon in their contexts rather than striving for generalisation. The higher education systems in Finland and China demonstrate significant differences. Finland is a Nordic welfare state with no tuition fees (with the exception of students outside the EU and EEA countries) and a small-scale lowhierarchical higher education system. China portrays itself as a socialist market economy that has a hierarchical, large-scale higher education system with tuition fees for both Chinese and international students. Both countries contribute to funding higher education and employ policy instruments to steer their policy objectives. This dissertation consists of four articles and a summary. This study shows that the internationalisation policy in higher education is built on a strong national interest that is reconfigured with time (from 1980s to 2010s). Developed jointly with broader socio-economic openings, both countries have developed their internationalisation policies to resemble the characteristics of their higher education
Bacterial inactivation of liquid food and water using high‐intensity alternate electric field

Bacteria contaminated liquid food and water, along with the harmful byproducts from chemical disinfection methods, raise concerns to the public health. This article investigated the inactivation of bacteria in liquid food and water using the pilot-scale concentrated high intensity electric field (CHIEF) system. By generating a strong alternate electric field in a small region of the reactor, the pilot CHIEF system was able to inactivate microbes at a continuous operation. Compared with other disinfection methods, the CHIEF system used relatively less energy density to decontaminate and required a shorter treatment time. The mildest energy density required was 500 kJ/L to obtain a 5-log reduction for Escherichia coli, at the minimum treatment time of 4.7 ms. An electric field analysis was performed using both an equivalent-circuit model and numerical simulation. A logarithm function model and a Weibull model were used to describe the effects of energy density and treatment time on the disinfection effectiveness of the CHIEF system. The CHIEF system was compared with other water disinfection methods in multiple aspects, such as treatment time and energy consumption. Practical applications The concentrated high intensity electric field (CHIEF) process presented in this study is a continuous process that can be used to decontaminate liquid food or water. The process operates under non-thermal conditions, which protects the nutrient and flavor of the food. The process uses alternate electric supply at a relatively low voltage (≤ 10 kV) and frequency (60 Hz). The reactor design and material selection enable a strong electric field to form within the treatment region, allowing the inactivation of microbes without using the pulsed energy. As a result, the process can achieve effective decontamination under a relatively short treatment time (4.7 ms) and moderate energy cost (500 kJ/L). Since the process eliminates the use of pulse generators, it requires less capital investment and has more scale-up potentials.
Molecular clouds in a Milky Way progenitor at z = 1

Abstract Thanks to the remarkable ALMA capabilities and the unique configuration of the Cosmic Snake galaxy behind a massive galaxy cluster, we could resolve molecular clouds down to 30 pc linear physical scales in a typical Milky Way progenitor at z = 1.036, through CO(4–3) observations performed at the ∼ 0.2″ angular resolution. We identified 17 individual giant molecular clouds. These high-redshift molecular clouds are clearly different from their local analogues, with 10–100 times higher masses, densities, and internal turbulence. They are offset from the Larson scaling relations. We argue that the molecular cloud physical properties are dependent on the ambient interstellar conditions particular to the host galaxy. We find these high-redshift clouds in virial equilibrium, and derive, for the first time, the CO-to-H2 conversion factor from the kinematics of independent molecular clouds at z = 1. The measured large clouds gas masses demonstrate the existence of parent gas clouds with masses high enough to allow the in-situ formation of similarly massive stellar clumps seen in the Cosmic Snake galaxy in comparable numbers. Our results support the formation of molecular clouds by fragmentation of turbulent galactic gas disks, which then become the stellar clumps observed in distant galaxies.
SYNTHESIS, CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND THEORETICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF (3R, 4R, 6S)-3,6-DIHYDROXY-1-MENTHENE ISOLATED FROM ECHINOPHORA TENUIFOLIA

In the title compound, C 10 H 18 O 2 , the cyclohexene ring adopts a half-chair conformation. In the crystal strcuture, weak inter­molecular O—H . O hydrogen bonds connect the adjacent molecules, forming edge-fused R 2 3 (8) ring motifs, into the hollow columns parallel to the b-axis direction. The crystal packing is governed only by van der Waals inter­actions. There is further no exist C—H···π and π-π interactions. The H atom in the one of two hydroxyl groups was found to be disordered over two site. The occupancy factors of the two sites were refined to 0.52 (2) and 0.48 (2). Semi-empirical PM3 quantum chemical calculations are in satisfactory agreement with the results of the X-ray structure analysis.
INTRODUCTION

In November 2010, the East London Mosque celebrated its centenary. One hundred years earlier, the Aga Khan and Syed Ameer Ali convened a public meeting at the salubrious Ritz Hotel where, with support from some sympathetic members of the British establishment, they set about putting in place a strategy for the construction of a mosque in London, one that would be ‘worthy of the capital of the British Empire’. The London Mosque Fund was founded to finance its construction. Often regarded as the first mosque in London, the ELM, like many other mosques in the UK, took a long time to materialize. As with other mosques, the ELM also had to move several times during its long history. From the three converted houses in Commercial Road in the East End of London in which it had finally been set up in 1941, following a compulsory purchase order in 1969, it first moved to a prefabricated structure in Fieldgate Street in 1975 and then on to the present purpose-built one in Whitechapel Road in 1985. This in turn was extended to incorporate the London Muslim Centre in 2004 to meet the needs of the locality's fast-growing Muslim community. The story of its journey enables us to throw fresh light on the changing nature of interactions with wider society and the relationships between London's Muslim community and the institutions of the British state; the latter's expedient character was starkly reflected, for instance, during the Second World War when Churchill and his government sought Muslim support in a global conflict in which the loyalties of Muslims throughout the British Empire could prove crucial.
Emotion-Focused Couple-Based Interventions on Wives Emotional Abuse and Marital Satisfaction

Background: Emotional abuse is a serious type of abuse and comprises a large part of many couples’ lives. Marital relationship is in every society and is well-known as one of the most important resources in human relationships. Emotional Abuse Behaviors and marital satisfaction among married couples might be affected by an emotionally focused intervention. Emotionally focused intervention for couples gives a chance for wives and husbands to achieve adequate Foresight for their relationship of marriage and emotionally empower them to handle their problems Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of emotion-focused couple-based interventions on the wives’ emotional abuse and marital satisfaction Design: A quasi experimental research design with a pretest-posttest was used to achieve the aim of the study. Setting: This study was conducted at the MCH center at El-Batanoon, Shebin EL-Kom, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Sample: sample was 50 couples (100 participants). Data collection: Three tools were used; Structured interview questionnaire, Gottman emotional abuse scale, and marital satisfaction Scale. Results: Revealed that there is a highly statistically significant difference in all marital satisfaction dimensions as emotional satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, general satisfaction, economical, time spending satisfaction, and total marital satisfaction score pre and post the emotionally focused interventions at (p-value = 0.001). Also, there is a highly significant reduction in emotional abuse post the emotionally focused interventions at p = 0.001 Conclusion: according to the results of the study, it was determined that the Emotion-focused couple-based interventions help reduce the wives' emotional abuse and improving marital satisfaction. Recommendations: Based on the findings of the present study, implementation of the Emotion-focused couple-based interventions in the routine treatments of Community Centers help reduce the wives' emotional abuse and improving marital satisfaction
INVESTMENTS IN COMPANIES WITH NEGATIVE EQUITY: THE RETURN IS WORTH THE RISK?

This study analyzed the return and risk of an investment portfolio, composed only of shares of companies listed in B3 that presented Negative Equity (NE), in the period from 1998 to 2019. Considering the Efficient Market Hypothesis (FAMA, 1970), the rationality of investors, the stock market on the stock exchange, in relation to companies with PLN, theoretically should not be active or provide abnormal positive returns to investors, since, technically, companies would be insolvent. The method used was to build a portfolio for assets that had at least one year of trading on the stock exchange and had NE in this period. The number of shares (assets) was fluctuating, starting with 2 and ending with 44 shares. The results of the Portfolio were compared to a risk-free investment (Interbank Deposit Certificate – CDI) and a similar risk investment (Brasil 50 Index - IBrX50), this as a control portfolio. The results found indicate that it is possible to obtain abnormal positive results, but do not meet the risk and return ratio when compared to a risk-free investment. However, when compared to other risky investments, investing in companies with NE may make sense, since a portfolio with no judgment criteria presents a more attractive risk and return ratio than stock indexes. This study contributes to the literature, as it brings to the academic world the universe of companies with NE, notably concerning the returns that these companies can provide to investors and, also for being an unprecedented study in this approach in Brazil.
Radiative properties of the first galaxies: Rapid transition from blue to red

Abstract Combining cosmological hydrodynamic simulations and radiative transfer (RT) calculations, we present predictions of multi-wavelength radiative properties of the first galaxies at z ∼ 6–5. We find that intermittent star formation due to supernova (SN) feedback causes the escape fraction of UV photons to fluctuate rapidly, which then produces the observed diversity of SEDs for high-z galaxies. The simulated galaxies make rapid transition between UV-bright and IR-bright phase, and our RT calculations suggest that dust temperatures in the first galaxies are higher than z < 3 galaxies with ∼ 60 K.
THE INVESTIGATION ON PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN WEBSITES AND E-TOURISM MARKETING

Nowadays, a truism industry is blood of economic of many countries therefore, many countries have a plan to increase truism to increase their economic power. In the current study the focus is on the E-tourism marketing. Particular significance is the credibility issue to acceptance and message strength that it shows to lead to higher beliefs, attitude in the direction of the destination and afterwards to purchase intent. The current paper objective is to investigate the persuasive impacts of websites on the marketing effectiveness a destination of the tourist. Moreover, dependent variables involve message strength, purchase intent, and perceived credibility. Results in this paper support the significance of message credibility to message strength, but not to a change in purchase intent.
A comparative study of the efficacy of radial and focused shock wave therapy for tennis elbow depending on symptom duration

Introduction In physical therapy, the duration and severity of pain complaints determine the choice of an appropriate physical agent and parameters needed. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of focused and radial shock waves for tennis elbow with respect to the dysfunction period. Material and methods The patients with acute (n = 27) and chronic (n = 31) tennis elbow were randomly assigned to a treatment arm: focused shock wave therapy (3 sessions, 2000 shocks, 4 Hz, 0.2 mJ/mm²) or radial shock wave therapy (3 sessions, 2000 shocks, 8 Hz, 2.5 bar). In order to objectivize therapy effects, the severity of pain complaints (Visual Analog Scale), strength of wrist flexors and extensors and grip strength were assessed. We performed pre-intervention measurements and short-term follow-up at 1, 6 and 12 weeks of therapy completion. Results At 6 and 12 weeks of therapy completion, all groups exhibited significantly reduced pain complaints (p < 0.05). The most noticeable changes in grip strength, wrist extensors and flexors strength were observed in the affected extremities of all experimental groups while changes within the unaffected extremities were slight. Grip strength as well as the strength of flexor and extensor muscles of the affected limb were significantly greater at 12 weeks of therapy completion compared to pre-intervention values (p < 0.05). At the same time point, percent changes of all study parameters were comparable for all groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Focused and radial shock wave therapy tend to show a significant and comparable short-term therapeutic effect for acute and chronic tennis elbow.
Effect of Palliative Care Program on Quality of Life for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Elderly Patients

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence is growing especially in elderly, and adversely affects quality of life (QOL). The increased access to palliative care services will be helpful for the elderly population. Aim: Determine the effect of palliative care program on the quality of life for hepatocellular carcinoma of elderly Patients. Design: the researcher used quasi- experimental research design. Setting: outpatient clinics at Gastrointestinal Surgery Center (GISC) hepatology unit affiliated to Mansoura University, Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. Subjects: The study subjects included a random purposive sampling of 72 HCC elderly patients of both sex diagnosed at least 6 months. Tools: Data collection is done by two tools namely Patients' interview schedule sheet (elderly Demographic and Health Relevant Characteristics) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy- For elderly patients with Hepatobiliary cancer (FACT-Hep) Version4: Results: the age of the studied participants ranged from 60 to above 70 years. The elderly patient in study group total quality of life scores increased significantly in post one and post three follow up after implementation of palliative care program (P=0.000), while no improvement was observed in the control group. Conclusion: the QOL of elderly patients with HCC is improved by implementation of palliative care program. Recommendation: distribution of developed illustrated palliative care program booklet to all elderly patients and their families at Mansoura University Hospitals and Centers should be done
Uncivil Behavior as Perceived by Nursing Students and it Effect on their Critical Thinking and Burnout

Background: Uncivil is one of the major challenges facing nursing education and learning processes in the classroom, clinical, and online for distance education programs. In addition, uncivil activities can have a detrimental effect on learning, critical thinking, physiological and psychological health (Luparell, 2011). The aim of the study: investigate uncivil behavior as perceived by nursing students and it effect on their critical thinking and burnout inventory. Subjects and method: A descriptive correlation research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted in Faculty of Nursing at Minia University. Subject: The present study included a representative sample from total number of nursing students enrolled at1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th academic years during the academic year 20202021 (N=896). Tools of data collection: 1 st tool divided into two parts, first part Personal data, second part Uncivil Behavior in Clinical Nursing Education (UBCNE) instrument, 2 nd tool; Critical Thinking Disposition scale, and 3 rd
Numerical Study on Bearing Capacity and Bulging of the Composite Stone Column

Background: In weak clay soil, a proper ground improvement technique using a stone column can be limited by the absence of sufficient lateral confining pressure. Stone columns should be strengthened to provide the minimum required lateral confining pressure. Objective: The aim of this study is to find out the significant improvement of the composite stone columns compared to the conventional stone columns by comparing the bearing capacity enhancement and the treated soil stiffness for both models. Composite stone columns with a solid concrete part at the top-head not only enhance the bearing capacity of the stone columns but also decrease the bulging failure and increase the surrounding soil stiffness. Methods: The 2D finite element analyses were carried out to simulate an experimental study conducted by Ambily and Gandhi on conventional stone columns. ABAQUS software program with the Mohr-Coulomb criterion for soft clay soil and stones was used in the simulation. First, a preliminary numerical model was created to simulate the experiment model. Similar material properties, boundary conditions, and constraints were considered in the preliminary model. The results were compared, and they were similar to the experimental results. During this process, the efficiency of the numerical model was confirmed. Second, the same numerical model was performed for the composite stone columns without modifying the material properties, boundary conditions, and constraints of the preliminary model. The parameters that influence the composite stone column bearing capacity as the length of the concrete part, the stress concentration ratio, and the shear strength of the surrounding soil, were all studied. Results: The data obtained from the aforesaid study was used along with ABAQUS software package. Compared to existing work, our approach achieves a significant correlation, and it indicates that the solid concrete part increases the surrounding soil stiffness, in addition to increasing the bearing capacity of the stone column. The solid concrete part resists bulging deformation by moving the bulging failure downward where the confining pressure is larger. The stress concentration ratio increases with the length of the solid concrete part. Conclusion: Composite stone columns have a significant influence on the improvement of weak clay soil and increase the bearing capacity of soil under superstructures. Furthermore, they also increase the stiffness of weak soil around the column. The magnitude of weak soil improvement by using composite stone columns is greater than conventional stone columns. Therefore, composite stone columns are more efficient and effective than conventional stone columns.
Forecasting the Presidential Vote in 2004: Placing Preference Polls in Context

The trial-heat poll and economy forecasting model is a simple model based on a simple principle. The model uses just two predictor variables to forecast the in-party presidential candidate's share of the national two-party popular vote. The first is the in-party presidential candidate's share of support between the major party candidates in the Gallup Poll's trial-heat (or preference) poll question around Labor Day. The second predictor is the Bureau of Economic Analysis' (BEA) measure of real growth in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the second quarter of the election year (April through June). The GDP measurement is the “preliminary” measure released by the BEA at the end of August, the latest available in time to be used in the forecast. An in-party presidential candidate who is the incumbent is accorded full responsibility for the economy in the equation and a successor or non-incumbent in-party candidate is accorded half the credit or blame for the growth or decline in the economy. This partial credit or blame for successor candidates refl ects both past experience in forecasting (Campbell 2000) and independent findings regarding the effects of retrospective evaluations of the economy on voting behavior (Nadeau and Lewis-Beck 2001). The regression estimated forecasts based on these two predictors, estimated over the 14 presidential elections from 1948 to 2000, is a mix of about two-thirds trial-heat poll and one-third economic growth. In essence, with the preference poll at the center of the prediction, the forecast may be interpreted as an adjusted preference poll.