Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultimate Guide to Wilderness Living

This is the most comprehensive and far-reaching guide to surviving in the woods. Forget reality TV stunts like eating bugs, the "Ultimate Guide to Wilderness Living" provides in-depth instructions and step-by-step photos of real survival skills - exactly what one needs to stay alive in the woods. The book first covers immediate needs like starting a fire, erecting temporary shelter, and finding edible plants. Then it goes beyond other survival books by explaining advanced techniques for long-term living in the wild - using only those things found in nature. The authors show how to make tools by chipping stones, fashion a bow-and-arrow out of tree branches, weave baskets, fire primitive pots, build a semi-permanent shelter, and even tan hides. Finally, the authors explain how to bring all these skills together to live in the wilderness for days, weeks, months, or even years.
Pedestrian Crosswalks Safety Inspections: Safety Assessment Procedure

Traditional road safety engineering work involves identifying high risk locations from crash data, carrying out detailed crash studies at those locations, implementing relevant remedial measures, and then monitoring the effects of those treatments. This approach has proven to be cost effective and has provided substantial crash reduction at hotspot sites. However, crashes at a pedestrian crosswalk are a very rare event and crash investigation might be not effective in identifying sites where safety improvements may be reached in a cost effective manner. A different approach, which is complementary and not alternative to crash remedial programs, consists in carrying out safety inspections aimed at identifying potential hazards, which are assessed by measuring risk in relation to road features which may lead to future crashes, so that remedial treatments may be implemented before crashes happen. In the paper, a pedestrian crosswalks safety inspection procedure is presented. A safety assessment procedure based on the inspection results has been defined. From the process, a safety index (SI) is calculated. The SI is related to the safety consequences of the identified problems, rather than on the standard non-compliance or on the number of deficiencies. The SI has two main practical applications: 1) high risk crosswalks can be identified and ranked; 2) specific safety issues, that give more contribution to unsafety, are pointed out. The procedure has been applied in a sample of 51 urban crosswalks, highlighting many safety concerns.
Access management guidelines for activity centers

Access management involves providing (or managing) access to land development while simultaneously preserving the flow of traffic on the surrounding road system in terms of safety, capacity, and speed. This report defines the overall concept of Access Management, reviews the state of the art of current practice, and sets forth basic policy, planning, and design guidelines. The guidelines cover (1) legal and institutional bases for controlling access, (2) access permit procedures and studies, (3) access categories (levels) and spacing standards, and (4) design concepts and criteria. The research was conducted by Metro Transportation Group, Inc., Bloomingdale, Illinois, and Herbert S. Levinson, New Haven, Connecticut. The findings are based on an extensive literature search and a survey of state and local traffic engineers and major private developers to obtain information on effective access management practices, policies, and enforcement techniques.
Neurological Deficit Post Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection in a Patient with Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis and Spinal Stenosis

Transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) is one of the techniques used to treat pain due to spinal stenosis and disc herniation. Major complications like neurological deficit after TFESI can be a devastating event for both patient and doctors. We are reporting a case who developed unexpected neurology deficit post TFESI. This is a case of 79yo gentlemen with degenerative lumbar scoliosis and severe spinal stenosis presented for lower back pain with radicular pain on both lower limbs. He was scheduled for right L4 and left L3 TFESI in view of failed pharmacotherapy. Post TFESI patient’s condition was complicated with permanent bilateral lower limb paresis and paralysis. MRI did not show any hematoma or cord edema to support the clinical findings. The exact pathophysiology of this complication is unclear. We are reporting this case as part of literature that demonstrates potential risk of TFESI in patient with lumbar scoliosis and severe spinal canal stenosis.
RAILWAY TECHNOLOGY IN JAPAN: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES.

1825: World’s first passenger railway opened in Great Britain 1850: Commodore Matthew Perry demonstrated working model steam locomotive in Japan 1872: Japan’s first railway opened 1893: First steam locomotive built in Japan (Class 860) 1895: Japan’s first electric tramway opened 1906: Railway Nationalization Law passed 1927: Japan’s first subway opened 1949: Japanese National Railways (JNR) established 1954: Centralized Train Control (CTC) system first adopted in Japan (Keihin Electric Express Railway) 1957: Hokuriku main line electrified (AC) 1958: Kodama limited express started EMU services between Tokyo and Osaka 1960: Computerized seat reservation system started 1964: Tokaido Shinkansen opened 1972: San’yo Shinkansen opened 1982: Tohoku and Joetsu Shinkansen opened 1987: JNR divided and privatized 1988: Seikan Tunnel opened under Seikan Strait between Honshu and Hokkaido; Seto Ohashi road and railway bridges opened between Honshu and Shikoku 1992: Yamagata Shinkansen opened 1997: Akita Shinkansen opened; 300 km/h shinkansen services started; Nagano Shinkansen opened 1999: Maglev test train recorded 552 km/h speed Figure 2 Improvement of Fastest Train’s Scheduled Speed, 1930–2003
To compare the efficacy and safety of silodosin and dutasteride combination with alfuzosin and dutasteride combination in patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, open label study

Background: BPH is a major cause of bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and affects quality of life (QoL) which deteriorates if not taken care with the passage of time. The aim and objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of combination of silodosin and dutasteride with the combination of alfuzosin and dutasteride in patients of BPH.Methods: A randomized, open label, intention to treat study was carried out on newly diagnosed patients of BPH. Patients were randomly divided into two groups and followed up to 12 weeks. Group 1 of patients received a combination of silodosin 8 mg and dutasteride 0.5 mg (SD) (n=20) while the patients of group 2 received combination of alfuzosin 10 mg and dutasteride 0.5 mg (AD) (n=20). Primary endpoint was measured by changes in the mean baseline International prostate symptom score (I-PSS) and uroflowmetry and secondary outcome with changes observed on ultrasonography.Results: IPSS and IPSS-QOL significantly improved in both the treatment groups (p <0.001) along with mean maximum flow rate (Qmax) and mean average flow rate (Qavg). Prostate volume and residual urine volume showed a significant improvement in both the treatment groups at 12 weeks. However, the intergroup differences in IPSS, uroflowmetry and USG parameters were not significant. Both treatments were well tolerated.Conclusions: The current study established that both the drug combinations i.e. silodosin and dutasteride (SD) and alfuzosin and dutasteride (AD) largely have a comparable effect on both the dynamic and static components of BPH. Further, both drug combinations appear to have a comparable safety profile.
Wildlife Crossing Structure Handbook: Design and Evaluation in North America

This handbook provides numerous solutions to wildlife-vehicle interactions by offering effective and safe wildlife crossing examples. It initially describes the critter crossing problem and justifies the need to solve it. Project and program level considerations are identified for planning, placement and design of wildlife crossing structures. Key design and ecological criteria, construction and maintenance guidelines, and effective monitoring techniques are shown and described in this handbook’s practical application examples called Hot Sheets.
Advanced Concept of the National Airspace System of 2015: Human Factors Considerations for Air Traffic Control

During the next decade, all users and service providers within the National Airspace System (NAS) will experience profound changes. This report focuses on changes to the roles, responsibilities, and procedures for air traffic controllers during the transition and implementation of the new NAS. This report provides a description of upcoming enhancements for each system, human factors implications of these enhancements, and the effect of these new technologies and processes on air traffic controllers. The authors suggest that technology alone will not be able to support the increased capacity demands and that system designers will need to rely on a combination of technology and consideration of the human operators in the system. They conclude that the primary human factors considerations of these new technologies and procedures are in the areas of information processing, situation awareness, workload, errors, skill acquisition and maintenance, and new roles and responsibilities.
Deurbanization and the Struggle to Sustain a Black Teaching Corps: Evidence From Michigan

From 2005 to 2015, the number of Black teachers in Michigan dropped by 48%, substantially exceeding declines in the corresponding K–12 Black student population. These teacher losses are an acute phenomenon within a broader national context of deurbanization of K–12 student populations away from those districts with the largest and most established faculties of color. Districts receiving large numbers of incoming Black students hired few Black teachers over the period, leading to marked declines in Black student exposure to Black educators, and Black employment gains since 2016 have generally been in areas where Black teachers were already employed. We discuss the historical conditions under which Michigan’s Black faculties were established and multiple forward-looking challenges to building and sustaining Black faculties in geographically diffuse populations.
The Living Company

What can explain the longevity gap between a company that survives for centuries--the Swedish company Stora, for example, which is more than 700 years old--and the average corporation, which does not last 20 years? A team at Royal Dutch/Shell Group explored that question. Arie de Geus, a retired Shell executive, writes about the team's findings and describes what he calls living companies-organizations that have beaten the high mortality rate of the average corporation. Many companies die young, de Geus argues, because their policies and practices are based too heavily on the thinking and language of economics. Their managers focus on producing goods and services and forget that the organization is a community of human beings that is in business--any business--to stay alive. In contrast, managers of living companies consider themselves to be stewards of a long-standing enterprise. Their priorities reflect their commitment to the organization's long-term survival in an unpredictable world. Like careful gardeners, they encourage growth and renewal without endangering the plant they are tending. They value profits the same way most people value oxygen: as necessary for life but not the purpose of it. They scuttle assets when necessary to make a dramatic change in the business portfolio. And they constantly search for new ideas. These managers also focus on developing people. They create opportunities for employees to learn from one another. Such organizations are suited for survival in a world in which success depends on the ability to learn, to adapt, and to evolve.
Oesophageal Cancer Magnitude and Presentation in Ethiopia

Background Although oesophageal cancer is a public health problem in Ethiopia, there are limited data on the magnitude and distribution of the disease in the country. The aim of this study is to assess the magnitude, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of oesophageal cancer patients in selected referral hospitals of Ethiopia.Methods A retrospective document review was employed in ten referral hospitals in different regions of Ethiopia. Data were extracted from clinical care records of all clinically and pathologically confirmed oesophageal cancer patients who were diagnosed and treated in those hospitals from 2012 - 2017. A structured data extraction tool was used to collect important variables. Descriptive statistics such as median, interquartile range (IQR) and percentages were computed to describe the regional and national distribution of the disease.Results Over the past six years, a total of 777 oesophageal cancer cases were identified and the median age of these patients was 55 years with IQR of 19. More than half 428 (55.1%) of the cases were males and majority of them were reported from Oromia and Somali regional states with 388 (49.9%) and 202 (25.9%) respectively. The highest number of oesophageal cancer cases were recorded in 2016 with a total number of 185 (23.8%) while the lowest 98 (12.6%) was in 2012. Eighty percent of oesophageal cancer cases were diagnosed at late stage of the disease. More than one-fourth 210 (27.0%) of patients were operated with the majority 156 (74.3%) to insert a feeding tube followed by trans-hiatal oesophagostomy 23 (10.9%). Of the 118 results analysed, squamous cell carcinoma and adeno carcinoma were the predominant histologic type with 67(56.7%), and 43(36.4%) respectively. One fourth 194 (25.0%) of the patients were alive and more than two third 557 (71.7%) patients’ current status were unknown at the time of the review.Conclusions In referral hospitals of Ethiopia, many oesophageal cancer patients came at late stage of the disease and needed palliative care measures. The number of patients seen in Oromia and Somali region hospitals by far exceeds hospitals of the other regions thus postulating possibly unique risk factors in those geographic areas.
Industrial Legislation in 2001

At the federal level, the year 2001 saw much legislative activity in the form of bills, debates, revisions and rejections--but very little progress for the government’s ‘third wave’ industrial reform program. Apart from some changes to the unfair dismissals regime, much important legislation was left on the table when Parliament rose before the November federal election. Around the states, small but important changes to leave entitlements and other matters suggest some fine-tuning to ensure the most vulnerable workers are protected, but generally indicate stability in state industrial regimes.
EFFECT OF EDGE STRIPING ON TRAFFIC OPERATIONS

During 1956, the Louisiana Department of Highways, in conjunction with the Bureau of Public Roads conducted a number of research studies on US 71 near the town of Lebeau to determine the effect of pavement edge striping on the lateral placement of vehicles on 24-ft tangent highways. RESULTS of the study indicated that a continuous edge stripe or line had no effect on vehicle placement during the day, but at night the continuous line tended to move vehicles slightly toward the centerline. During the summer of 1957, the department, again in cooperation with the bureau of public roads, repeated the placement study on 24-ft tangent highways in a different part of the state in an effort to verify findings of the initial study. In addition, the scope of the study was broadened to include a study of a section of tangent 20-ft roadways, a section of 20-ft roadways on a 4-deg curve, and a section of 4-lane divided highway with 12-ft lanes in one direction and 10-ft lanes in the other. In all cases, shoulders were in color contrast to the through roadways.
The Schuster report: The proven connection between people and profits

GENESIS OF STRATEGY A: The Origins of Strategy A The Theory Behind Strategy A Patterns for Success: Companies that Utilize Major Portions of Strategy A IMPLEMENTING STRATEGY A: Acting on Key Opportunities for Improvement: Step 2 of Strategy A: Paying Executives and Managers for Effective HRM Step 3 of Strategy A: Breaking Down the Barriers to Participation, Communication and Contribution Step 4 of Strategy A: Involving Employees in Planning and Implementing Changes Step 5 of Strategy A: Remeasuring the Climate and Condition of the Human Organization Annually Step 6 of Strategy A: Reinforcing Strategy A Step 7 of Strategy A: A Final Word Do It Now Appendix: Detailed Findings of the HRM Practices Research.
Reliability Analysis of Stay Cables for Long-span Concrete Cable-stayed Bridges During Construction

Based on the theory of structure reliability, an extreme-value-distribution method was proposed for establishing the probabilistic model for stay cable strength directly. The uniformity indexes of the steel wire strand force of stay cable were studied through experiment in the field. The probabilistic characteristic of main design variables influencing cable force was also analyzed. Then, index reliability calculation method of stay cable during construction was put forward which was used to analyze variation rules of cable reliability level during construction. Based on the method, safety evaluation method of stay cable during construction was put forward. A longspan concrete cable-stayed bridge was selected to show the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The results show that reliability index of stay cable during construction is usually lower than that during running. The study result can provide reference for structural whole performance and safety degree of concrete cable-stayed bridges during construction.
Is momentum a self-fulfilling prophecy?

The author shows in a simple framework that momentum trading can exist in equilibrium and that momentum trading is profitable. A property of the model is that the relation between risk, reward, and the intensity of momentum trading provides a natural limit to the amount of momentum trading that will exist in equilibrium. Properties of the model fit the empirics well. First, the model captures in a parsimonious manner both short-term overreaction and long-term reversals. Second, it predicts that momentum and long-term reversals should be observed in any market where there is noise. Thus, the model gives theoretical support to the empirical evidence that these anomalies are not artifacts of data snooping and to the extant empirical evidence that these anomalies are pervasive. Momentum traders observe noise shocks and trade on it as information. This trading incorporates a predictive role to the noise. That is, if agents believe a past price change to be informative of future price changes and act on this belief, it will be true and trading on this belief will be profitable. Thus, momentum trading is a self-fulfilling action.
AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO THE PREDICTION OF MOISTURE CONDITIONS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS

The long term equilibrium conditions at the centre of the pavement will depend on such things as depth at water table, rainfall and material properties. In the outer region of the pavement, the material will be subject to seasonal wetting and drying cycles. For design purposes, the moisture conditions prevailing in the wet season are taken as the design moisture conditions. The development of the pavement moisture prediction model has followed extensive field and laboratory studies. The moisture prediction model can be applied to both fine and coarse-grained materials and hence is suitable for predicting pavement moisture conditions in base, sub-base and subgrade materials. However, in this paper, the application of the model to subgrades has been emphasised. For the covering abstract see ITRD E108441.
Analysis of the Effect of Backpack Design with Reduced Load Moment Arm on Spinal Alignment

In this study, we designed a backpack that can reduce the moment arm of backpack load by placing the center of gravity of the backpack close to the axis of the spine. In order to investigate the effect of sagittal spinal alignment compared with the general backpack, we conducted the study using radiological images. The participants in this study were 18 adults (8 males and 10 females). The subjects participated in the experiment without carrying the backpack, wearing the normal backpack, and wearing a backpack designed to reduce the load moment arm by placing the center of gravity close to the body. Spinal alignment parameters were measured and analyzed using 3D radiography measurement software based on radiographic images taken under three conditions. The overall angle of lumbar lordosis, upper arc, lower arc, difference between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis, lower cervical lordosis, and sagittal vertical axis were measured. In the case of wearing the backpack rather than without the backpack, there was a significant difference in the overall angle of lumbar lordosis, lower arc, lower cervical spine angle, difference between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis, and sagittal vertical axis. In the case of wearing the backpack with reduced moment arm, the overall angle and lower arc of lumbar lordosis were significantly increased compared to those with the normal backpack. The difference between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis was significantly decreased. The results showed that a normal backpack caused imbalance of sagittal spinal alignment, and the backpack reducing the load moment arm by placing the backpack’s center of gravity close to the vertebral joint played a positive role in reducing the change of lumbar alignment compared with the normal backpack.
Nonlinear Water Waves with Applications to Wave-Current Interactions and Tsunamis

This overview of some of the main results and recent developments in nonlinear water waves presents fundamental aspects of the field and discusses several important topics of current research interest. It contains selected information about water-wave motion for which advanced mathematical study can be pursued, enabling readers to derive conclusions that explain observed phenomena to the greatest extent possible. The author discusses the underlying physical factors of such waves and explores the physical relevance of the mathematical results that are presented. The material is an expanded version of the author s lectures delivered at the NSF-CBMS Regional Research Conference in the Mathematical Sciences organized by the Mathematics Department of the University of Texas-Pan American in 2010. Audience: The book is intended for mathematicians, physicists, and engineers interested in the interplay between physical concepts and insights and the mathematical ideas and methods that are relevant to specific water-wave phenomena. It is also appropriate as a primary text for graduate-level courses on water waves and a supplementary text for courses on elliptic free boundary problems. Contents: Preface; Chapter 1. Introduction; Chapter 2. Preliminaries; Chapter 3. Wave-current interactions; Chapter 4. Fluid kinematics for wave trains; Chapter 5. Solitary water waves; Chapter 6. Breaking waves; Chapter 7. Modeling tsunamis; Bibliography; Index.
DynoTRAIN: introduction of simulation in the certification process of railway vehicles

A method to introduce the simulation in the railway certification process is described in this study. Since the track / vehicle system is non-linear, and since critical situations (rare events) are considered, the modelling of the excitations (running conditions for example) must be very precise and representative. These are moreover related to poorly determined parameters which can vary along the track and during the life cycle of the system : the friction coefficient for example depends on the weather conditions; the rail profile depends on the radius of the track, as well as on tonnage. In order to have a relevant certification, the method proposed thus insists on the introduction of the variability in the simulation and presents a sensitivity analysis.