Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Predictors of Knowledge and Attitude on Optimal Nutrition and Health Among Pregnant Women in Their First Trimester of Pregnancy

Introduction Evidence has demonstrated that knowledge and attitudes are indicators of nutrition and health modification among pregnant women. As a result, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of knowledge and attitudes about optimal nutrition and health among pregnant women in their first trimester of pregnancy. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted between April 1 and June 1, 2018 among 750 pregnant women and sampled using the multi-stage sampling technique in the Ambo district of the West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. Using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire, data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. First, descriptive statistics were used, then bivariate and, finally, multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of the predictors with the outcome variables. Results Overall, 33.3% and 31.3% of pregnant women had good knowledge and favorable attitudes about optimal nutrition and health, respectively. Residence, the woman’s and her husband’s educational status, having > five household members, being in rich households, taking distance to reach a health institution, being multiparous, having information, and receiving counseling were significantly associated with pregnant women’s knowledge on optimal nutrition and health. Also, a favorable association was found between a woman’s attitude toward optimal nutrition and health and her and her husband’s educational status, household wealth status, and the distance traveled to a health facility. Conclusion The nutrition and health knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women in the study area were suboptimal. Improving knowledge and attitude during the first trimester of pregnancy is essential for suggesting nutrition and health-related behavior in the succeeding periods of pregnancy, which predominantly determine the pregnancy’s outcomes.
A Second-Order NS Pipelined SAR ADC With Quantization-Prediction-Unrolled Gain Error Shaping and Fully Passive Integrator

This article presents a second-order noise shaping (NS) pipelined successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with fully passive NS and a second-order gain error shaping (GES) based on a Quantization-Prediction-Unrolled scheme. The GES is enabled by subtracting the residue voltage with a predicted quantization error through a second-order digital GES filter. Utilizing an auxiliary SAR ADC for the prediction retains an outstanding GES ability and avoids deteriorating the residue amplifier’s (RAs) linearity as in the conventional GES scheme. The NS also applies to the auxiliary SAR ADC to further ease the overhead from the GES techniques. Besides, a second-order fully passive NS SAR ADC is presented in the backend stage of the overall pipelined SAR architecture, which only calls for a single additional small-size input pair in the comparator, mitigating the noise penalty from the high-order passive NS scheme. Furthermore, a two-step floating inverter amplifier (FIA) is introduced, alleviating the severe gain variation over process-voltage-temperature (PVT) in the conventional one-step counterpart and eventually allowing the energy-efficient open-loop FIA to fit our architecture. With partial time interleaving, the ADC in a 28-nm CMOS process runs at 400 MS/s, achieving 25 MHz bandwidth and 77.2 dB nominal signal-to-noise-and-distortion-ratio (SNDR) with 8 $\times $ OSR. It consumes 2.03 mW power from a 1-V supply and exhibits a 178-dB Schreier figure-of-merit (FoMS). The SNDR of the ADC deviates less than 3-dB from the nominal performance within −24% to +18% gain error.
Efficient CsPbBr3 Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Using Sputtered NiO Films as Hole Injection Layers

Perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have showed excellent optoelectronic properties to extend the application range of novel solid-state lighting, such as perovskite QD based LEDs (QD-LEDs). However, the traditional device structure of perovskite QD-LEDs employed PEDOT:PSS as a hole inject layer (HIL), which impairs stability due to acidic surface characteristics. This study proposes the sputtered NiO films as an HIL to replace acidic PEDOT:PSS. The NiO films with significantly different characteristics were prepared by controlling the sputtering parameters to investigate the devices’ performance of NiO-based CsPbBr3 QD-LEDs. The optimized device showed an excellent performance with maxima luminescence of 20,118 cd/m2 and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) up to 3.63%.
Hyperuricemia as a Risk Factor in Hypertension among Patients with Very High Cardiovascular Risk

Hypertension remains a global threat to public health, affecting the worldwide population. It is one of the most common risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Today’s treatments focus on creating a hypotensive effect. However, there is a constant search for additional factors to reduce the potential of developing hypertension complications. These factors may act as a parallel treatment target with a beneficial effect in specific populations. Some studies suggest that uric acid may be considered such a factor. This study investigated the potential effect of uric acid concentrations over 5 mg/dL on the incidence of hypertension complications among patients with very high cardiovascular risk. A total of 705 patients with hypertension and very high cardiovascular risk were selected and included in the analysis. The patients were divided and compared according to serum uric acid levels. The study showed a higher occurrence of heart failure (OR = 1.7898; CI: 1.2738–2.5147; p = 0.0008), atrial fibrillation (OR = 3.4452; CI: 1.5414–7.7002; p = 0.0026) and chronic kidney disease (OR = 2.4470; CI: 1.3746–4.3558; p = 0.0024) among individuals with serum uric acid levels over 5 mg/dL, males and those with a BMI > 25 kg/m2. These findings suggest that even serum uric acid concentrations over 5 mg/dL may affect the prevalence of hypertension-related complications among patients with very high cardiovascular risk.
Direct Versus Iterated Multi-Period Volatility Forecasts

Multi-period-ahead forecasts of returns’ variance are used in most areas of applied finance where long horizon measures of risk are necessary. Yet, the major focus in the variance forecasting literature has been on one-period-ahead forecasts. In this paper, we compare several approaches of producing multi-period-ahead forecasts within the GARCH and RV families – iterated, direct, and scaled short-horizon forecasts. We also consider the newer class of mixed data sampling (MIDAS) methods. We carry the comparison on 30 assets, comprising of equity, Treasury, currency, and commodity indices. While the underlying data is available at high-frequency (5-minutes), we are interested at forecasting variances 5, 10, 22, 44, and 66 days ahead. The empirical analysis, which is carried in-sample and out-of-sample with data from 2005 to 2018, yields the following results. For GARCH, iterated GARCH dominates the direct GARCH approach. In the case of RV, the direct RV is preferred to the iterated RV. This dichotomy of results emphasizes the need for an approach that uses the richness of high-frequency data and, at the same time produces a direct forecast of the variance at the desired horizon, without iterating. The MIDAS is such an approach and, unsurprisingly, it yields the most precise forecasts of the variance, in and out-of-sample. More broadly, our study dispels the notion that volatility is not forecastable at long horizons and offers an approach that delivers accurate out-of-sample predictions.
Urban and community forests of the South Central West region: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas

This report details how land cover and urbanization vary within the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas by community (incorporated and census designated places), county subdivision, and county. Specifically this report provides critical urban and community forestry information for each state including human population characteristics and trends, changes in urban and community lands, tree canopy and impervious surface cover characteristics, distribution of land-cover classes, a relative comparison of urban and community forests among local government types, determination of priority areas for tree planting, and a summary of urban tree benefits. Report information can improve the understanding, management, and planning of urban and community forests. This data is reported for each state on the CD provided in the back of this book and may be accessed by state at: http://www.nrs. fs.fed. us/data/urban.
Evaluating resident attitudes on German industrial heritage and tourism using the sustainable tourism attitude scale in Vojvodina, Serbia

ABSTRACT The main aim of this study was to research the way in which the local community members' socio-demographic characteristics, on the one hand, and presentation of the industrial heritage, on the other, shape their perception of sustainable tourism development, based on German industrial heritage. More precisely, the focus was on industrial heritage of a minority population in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia, formerly part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The study assessed knowledge of the industrial heritage of the region, the German contributions, and whether these former sites of production should be developed as tourism offerings. The survey research was conducted in the period between October 2021 and March 2022 using the 44-items Sustainable Tourism Attitude Scale (SUS-TAS) scale, on a sample of 300 members of the local community. Several SUS-TAS factors were identified, and the results may help different stakeholders in tourism and culture. The research results might help to various stakeholders, from local residents to DMOs or institutes for cultural protection, to find the way how to deal with the hidden gems. Also, this paper fills the literature gap, due to the fact that the research was based on SUS-TAS scale, mostly used in nature-based tourism issues.
The Development of an Automatic Test Assembly System for a Formative Assessment in Mastery Learning Instruction: Case of the SQL Mastery Course

The teaching method of mastery learning requires the lecturers to conduct their regular formative assessments so as to monitor each student’s learning progress. However, regularly preparing quality test forms for these assessments has caused a tremendous workload on the lecturers and has prevented them from effectively executing the master learning instruction. To resolve the problem, this study has built an automatic test assembly system with the automatic and manual test assembly functions for preparing fixed-length testing forms. Our system is implemented in a Structural Query Language (SQL) mastery course that helps students prepare for the ORACLE SQL Certification (OCE SQL) examination. OCE SQL is a program offered by the Oracle Corporation to validate and recognize the skills of professionals in the SQL programming. By applying the Hambleton and De Gruijter’s method, our system can automatically assemble items to a test form with a quality indication of the maximum probability of misclassifying mastery. Furthermore, our system can evaluate the prementioned probability for a manually assembled test form. The present study has also investigated the numeric methods for converting the domain cutoff score to the latent ability scale for items with heterogeneous parameters when applying the method. The empirical computing results showed that the secant method is superior to the bisection method for the conversion. This study contributes an automatic test assembly system to the engineering education practice so as to lighten the lecturers’ burden of preparing quality assessments and to further facilitate the execution of the regular formative assessments in the mastery learning instruction.
Oral Yeast Load and Species of Young Individuals Aged 18-25

: Microbiota is considered an organ that affects the health of the human body and includes many microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, mold, viruses, protozoa, and archaea. Microorganism such as Candida sp. , a part of the microbiota, is known to cause diseases in the case of opportunistic pathogens under various conditions. Yeast loads and species in the oral mycobiota of young individuals aged 18-25 were determined in our study. Two methods, centrifugation and dilution, were used to determine the oral yeast load. Samples were taken from 31 individuals for the centrifugation method, including 29 for the dilution method and five of these individuals. The samples were inoculated on Sabouraud 2% Dextrose Agar (SDA) and SDA containing chloramphenicol (SCAF). As a result, in young individuals aged 18-25, the oral yeast load was 0.01±0.01 and 1.87±0.01 log CFU in SCAF, and it was 0.01±0.01 and >3.00±0.01 log CFU in SDA. A total of 400 isolates were taken from the counting plates, and 140 were determined to be yeast by gram staining. Germ tube test of the isolates determined to be yeasts determined that 108 were probably Candida albicans or Candida dubliniensis . 140 isolates were also identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Isolates were identified as C. albicans (38.58%), C. albicans or C. africana (3.57%), C. dubliniensis (32.86%), C. parapsilosis (20%), C. inconspicua (2.14%), Pichia manshurica (2.14%), and Wickerhamomyces subpelliculosus (0.71%). It has been determined that young individuals between the ages of 18-25 carry Candida species in their oral mycobiota.
Distinctive Shape Functions of Fractional Differential Quadrature for Solving Two-Dimensional Space Fractional Diffusion Problems

The aim of this study is to utilize a differential quadrature method with various kernels, such as Lagrange interpolation and discrete singular convolution, to tackle problems related to the Riesz fractional diffusion equation and the Riesz fractional advection–dispersion equation. The governing equation for convection and diffusion depends on both spatial and transient factors. By using the block marching technique, we transform these equations into an algebraic system using differential quadrature methods and the Caputo-type fractional operator. Next, we develop a MATLAB program that generates code capable of solving the fractional convection–diffusion equation in (1+2) dimensions for each shape function. Our goal is to ensure that our methods are reliable, accurate, efficient, and capable of convergence. To achieve this, we conduct two experiments, comparing the numerical and graphical results with both analytical and numerical solutions. Additionally, we evaluate the accuracy of our findings using the L∞ error. Our tests show that the differential quadrature method, which relies mainly on the discrete singular convolution shape function, is a highly effective numerical approach for fractional convective diffusion problems. It offers superior accuracy, faster convergence, and greater reliability than other techniques. Furthermore, we study the impact of fractional order derivatives, velocity, and positive diffusion parameters on the results.
Organelle Imaging with Terahertz Scattering-Type Scanning Near-Field Microscope

Organelles play core roles in living beings, especially in internal cellular actions, but the hidden information inside the cell is difficult to extract in a label-free manner. In recent years, terahertz (THz) imaging has attracted much attention because of its penetration depth in nonpolar and non-metallic materials and label-free, non-invasive and non-ionizing ability to obtain the interior information of bio-samples. However, the low spatial resolution of traditional far-field THz imaging systems and the weak dielectric contrast of biological samples hinder the application of this technology in the biological field. In this paper, we used an advanced THz scattering near-field imaging method for detecting chloroplasts on gold substrate with nano-flatness combined with an image processing method to remove the background noise and successfully obtained the subcellular-grade internal reticular structure from an Arabidopsis chloroplast THz image. In contrast, little inner information could be observed in the tea chloroplast in similar THz images. Further, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and mass spectroscopy (MS) were also used to detect structural and chemical differences inside the chloroplasts of Arabidopsis and tea plants. The preliminary results suggested that the interspecific different THz information is related to the internal spatial structures of chloroplasts and metabolite differences among species. Therefore, this method could open a new way to study the structure of individual organelles.
Combination Diuretic Therapy With Thiazides: A Systematic Review on the Beneficial Approach to Overcome Refractory Fluid Overload in Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a notable public health issue, and intravenous loop diuretics are frequently employed to address acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and alleviate symptoms of congestion. However, prolonged use of loop diuretics can lead to drug resistance, and some patients experience refractory volume overload that does not respond to treatment. Sequential nephron blockade, which involves combining loop and thiazide diuretics, has been proposed as a strategy to overcome diuretic resistance and improve fluid overload management. This systematic review aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this combination diuretic therapy. Following the directives detailed in the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted. Eligibility criteria were established to select relevant studies, including the requirement for studies to be conducted on human subjects and published as free full-text papers in English within the last 10 years. Several databases were searched using a combination of Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) phrases and keywords related to heart failure, loop diuretics, and thiazide diuretics. The search yielded 948 references, and after screening titles, abstracts, and full-text papers, eight final studies (five observational studies and three randomized control trials) were included in the review. Based on the findings of this systematic review, there is substantial evidence to endorse the efficacy of combination diuretic therapy of loop and thiazide diuretics in augmenting diuresis and enhancing outcomes for patients who exhibit insufficient responses to single-agent diuretics. Additionally, the review provides valuable insights about the timing and type of diuretics to use, helping clinicians make informed therapeutic decisions. However, to ensure patient safety and well-being, it is imperative to take into account the potential for electrolyte disturbances and impacts on renal function, necessitating diligent and vigilant monitoring as well as effective management strategies. In light of these findings, further research is warranted to optimize the dosing regimens and to delve deeper into the long-term safety and efficacy of combination therapy. Such research endeavors will undoubtedly contribute to refining treatment approaches and advancing patient care in the field of HF management.
Arthropod assemblages on longleaf pines: a possible link between the red-cockaded woodpecker and groundcover vegetation

ii Acknowledgments . iii List of Tables . vi List of Figures . vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 THE LONGLEAF PINE ECOSYSTEM . 1 NATURAL HISTORY OF RED-COCKADED WOODPECKERS . 5 FORAGING BEHAVIOR . 8 THE ARTHROPOD COMMUNITY . 10 IMPORTANCE OF FIRE MAINTAINED GROUNDCOVER . 13 CONCLUSION . 15 LITERATURE CITED . 18 CHAPTER 2: INFLUENCE OF GROUNDCOVER COMPOSITION ON THE ARTHROPOD PREY BASE OF RED-COCKADED WOODPECKERS . 25 INTRODUCTION . 25 METHODS . 30 Study Sites . 30 Study Design . 31 Statistical Analysis . 34 RESULTS . 35 DISCUSSION . 36 LITERATURE CITED . 50 CHAPTER 3: SEASONAL ABUNDANCE AND BIOMASS OF RED-COCKADED WOODPECKER ARTHROPOD PREY . 56 INTRODUCTION . 56
‘A video or a flat fee?’ on the performances of concert fees

ABSTRACT While the literature on musical employment is growing, little research has been conducted on how concert fees are calculated, discussed, or contested. This article aims to explore these questions by drawing on the in-depth study of one new actor within the live music business: Sofar Sounds. Since 2009, Sofar Sounds has been organizing ‘secret concerts’ in ‘unconventional spaces. ’ Between 2017 and 2019, the company has been publicly criticized on several occasions for its fee policy. I analyze these controversies over musicians’ remuneration as a critical site to understand the kind of economization performed within music industries. I argue that taking fees seriously allows for considering calculation of musical remuneration as a world-making operation. I identify three different and competing ways to calculate musicians’ fee: ‘appointment-fee,’ ‘co-production-fee,’ and ‘compensation-fee. ’ I show that these calculations are performative achievements that contribute to the defining of what a musical performance is and of the actors who take part in it. In conclusion, I argue that the controversies about Sofar Sounds’ musicians’ fee policy cannot be understood only from a market and commodity point of view. The company uses ‘exposure’ to attach musicians and to strengthen its own (financial) value.
Histochemical Evaluation of Prostate Diseases: Integrating Bacterial Infections and Cancer Subtyping

Background: Prostate diseases, including bacterial infections and prostate cancer, pose significant health concerns worldwide. However, limitedresearch has focused on the comprehensive characterization of bacterial infections in prostate diseases. This study aimed to address these knowledge gaps by investigating the prevalence of bacterial infections in prostate diseases as well as prostate cancer subtypes. Methods: A retrospective study using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostate biopsy tissue samples from patients diagnosed with prostatediseases. Relevant clinical information was collected, and Gram staining was performed to detect the presence of Gram-negative bacteria. Southgate's mucicarmine staining was utilized to categorize prostate cancer subtypes. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Among the 50 patients included in the study, the majority (48.0%) fell within the age range of 60-69 years. Prostatic hyperplasia was the mostprevalent prostate disease (70.0%), followed by prostate cancer (28.0%). Gram-negative bacteria were identified in 56% of the FFPE. Categorization of prostate cancer subtypes using mucicarmine staining revealed that 71.4% of FFPE exhibited a positive reaction, indicating the presence of mucin. Conclusion: This study has identified bacterial infections in prostate diseases, focusing on Gram-negative bacteria, mucin positive prostate cancer subtype using mucicarmine staining were as well identified.