Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First Locality Record of Melanistic Oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus) in Monteverde, Costa Rica

The persistence of the coat color polymorphism melanism has been reported for several tropical felids, but its evolutionary advantages remain an active area of research. Few publications have explored melanism in the elusive species, oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus) within the Neotropical part of their range in Costa Rica. Herein, I present the first record of a melanistic oncilla within the montane cloud forest of Monteverde, Costa Rica. Recent studies have found support for theories (e.g. Temporal Segregation Hypothesis and Gloger’s Rule) explaining the ecological advantages driving melanism in oncilla and tropical felid populations. However, it is unclear what is driving melanism in this Monteverde oncilla population due to the singular observation. Further research investigating whether melanism is occurring at a higher frequency in other individuals in the region is critical to better understanding the occurrence of melanism in local populations of this cryptic species. The montane cloud forest in Monteverde provides critical habitat to this vulnerable species within the small Neotropical part of their range. Melanistic individuals may be particularly threatened by land-use change and increasing human pressure if theories for the evolutionary advantages and ecological conditions motivating melanism are supported.
Ascetic: Enhancing Cross-Iterations Data Efficiency in Out-of-Memory Graph Processing on GPUs

Graph analytics are widely used in real-world applications, and GPUs are major accelerators for such applications. However, as graph sizes become significantly larger than the capacity of GPU memory, the performance can degrade significantly due to the heavy overhead required in moving a large amount of graph data between CPU main memory and GPU memory. Some existing approaches have tried to exploit data locality and addressed the issues of memory oversubscription on GPUs. However, these approaches have yet to take advantage of the data reuse cross iterations because of the data sizes in most large-graph analytics. In our studies, we have found that in most graph applications the graph traversals exhibit a roughly sequential scan over the graph data with an extremely large memory footprint. Based on the observation, we propose a novel framework, called Ascetic, to exploit temporal locality with very long reuse distances. In Ascetic, the GPU memory is divided into a Static Region and an On-demand Region. The static region can exploit data reuse across iterations. The on-demand region is designed to load the data requested in the iteration of the graph traversal while not found in the static region. We have implemented a prototype of the Ascetic framework and conducted a series of experiments on performance evaluation. The experimental results show that Ascetic can significantly reduce the data transfer overhead, and allow more overlapped execution between GPU and CPU, which leads to an average of 2.0x speedup over a state-of-the-art approach.
Investigation regarding the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi in triatomines and humans in rural households in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil

Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease (CD), is transmitted by hematophagous insects belonging to the subfamily Triatominae. After elimination of Triatoma infestans, the infestation of human dwellings by secondary species of vectors continues to pose a risk of transmission of the parasite. Our aim was to investigate the T. cruzi presence in triatomines and humans in rural households in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil. The capture of the insects was carried out by technicians of the municipalities after residents reported the outbreak. Five residents and 27 triatomines captured in four municipalities in the North and Midwest of the state were evaluated. The research of T. cruzi was carried out using parasitological, serological, and molecular techniques, in human blood, excreta, intestinal contents and insect macerate. Panstrongylus megistus, P. geniculatus and Triatoma sp. were identified. Ten specimens of P. megistus were captured in a house in Mandaguari with five residents and presented an infection rate of 70% for T. cruzi like. All residents tested negative for T. cruzi infection. Another 15 P. megistus were captured in the peridomicile in Janiópolis and had 100.0% positivity. The only adult specimen of P. geniculatus captured in the intradomicile in Amaporã, as well as the nymph of Triatoma in the peridomicile in Paiçandu, were negative. The finding of P. megistus naturally infected by T. cruzi in households in rural area of Paraná demonstrates a potential risk of vector transmission of CD in these regions.
Characteristics of catfish oil, red palm oil and shark liver oil as functional foods

Functional food is a food ingredient in addition to basic needs as nutrients that can also play a functional role in health. This research aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of catfish oil, red palm oil, and shark liver oil as functional food ingredients. The research method was to extract fish oil from belly flap, purify catfish oil, and process red palm oil (RPO) from crude palm oil (CPO). The analysis parameters consisted of sensory analysis, oil chemical characteristics (free fatty acid analysis, peroxide, iodine, saponification, and acid numbers), total carotene, tocopherol, and analysis of fatty acid composition. The results showed that the catfish oil after being purified had sensory characteristics, smelled slightly fishy and semi-solid, and had a bright yellow color. The results of the analysis of chemical characteristics showed that the free fatty acid numbers of catfish oil and shark liver oil were following IFOS standards (1.33 and 0.62%), and the RPO numbers for peroxide and free fatty acids according to the SNI standards (9.56 meq kg and 1.44%). The highest ω-3 and ω- 6 fatty acids were in shark liver oil (3.56 and 35.35%), followed by catfish oil (1.72 and 19.9%). and RPO does not contain ω-3 and ω-6. Catfish oil, RPO, and shark liver oil act as functional foods. The fatty acid composition of catfish, shark liver and red palm oil contains saturated and the fatty acid composition of catfish, shark liver and red palm oil contains saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Mono and poly unsaturated fatty acid (FUFA anf MUFA) in crude catfish oil, pure catfish oil, shark liver oil, and red palm oils were 56.71, 58.12, 63.81 and 47.39% respectively. The result of analysis showed composition of in catfish oil 1.72 and 19.9 %. The content of and of shark liver oil was 3.5 and 35.5%. Whereas in red palm oil does not Ω 3 and Ω 6. The content of EPA and DHA in shark liver oil was 0.08, 0.09 but not in catfish and red palm oil. The total content of carotene and tocopherol in red palm oil was 513.86 and 925.80 mg/kg, respectively. The nutritional composition of catfish oil, red palm oil, and shark liver oil has the potential to be used as functional food. Keywords:Characteristic physicochemicalCaroteneTocopherolω-3ω-6
Characterization and Taxonomy Classification of Soils of Hill Slope Land and Stream Terrace Land Located at North-Eastern Ghat Agro-Climatic Zone of Odisha, India

The present investigation was carried out to study the characterization, fertility status and taxonomic classification of some soils of North-Eastern Ghat Agro-Climatic zone of Odisha. Hill slope (pedon 1) and stream terrace land (pedon 2) two representative pedons of the Nayagarh district located in different topographic positions were studied for their physico-chemical characteristics and taxonomic classification. Results show that in pedon 1, percentage of sand, silt and clay range between 78.4 to 86.4, 3.2 to 3.4 and 10.4 to 17.4 respectively and in pedon 2, sand, silt and clay percentages range between 72 to 84, 3.2 to 7.2 and 10.8 to 18.8 respectively in different horizons. In pedons 1 and 2, pH increases along with depth from 4.80 to 5.82 and 5.80 to 7.60 respectively. Organic carbon content in pedons 1 and 2, ranges from 3.4 to 5.1 and 1.6 to 6.3 g kg-1 respectively. Cation exchange capacity decreases in pedon 1 from 13.25 to 8.66 c mol (p+) kg-1 and in pedon 2, range 7.66 to 16.65 c mol (p+) kg-1. The exchangeable sodium percentage in pedon 1 and 2, ranges from 4.53 to 9.23, and 2.56 to 6.53 per cent in different horizons respectively. The base saturation percentage in pedon 1, range from 58.11 to 98.15 per cent and in pedon 2, from 59.54 to 97.91 percent. The Hill slope (pedon 1) and stream terrace land (pedon 2) have little or no evidence of development of pedogenic horizons except ochric epipedon, therefore these soil are classified under the order Entisols. These soils have A-C profile with no distinct horizonation. Pedon 1, are classified under sub order Orthents, great group Ustorthents and sub group Typic Ustorthents. In case of pedon 2 the soils are put under the sub order Aquents, great group Fluvaquents and sub group Aeric Fluvaquents.
Relationship Between Physiological Factors, Emotional Status and Daily Activities With Sleep Quality in Spinal Cord Injury

Background and Objectives: Generally, spinal cord injuries can lead to functional limitations and restrict participation in different areas of occupations. One of the areas of occupations that are less considered is rest and sleep. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between physiological, emotional status and daily activities, and sleep quality in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional analytical study that was conducted in 2019-2020. The statistical population of this study was patients with spinal cord injury referring to the occupational therapy clinics in Tehran and Karaj as well as hospitalized patients and daily patients referring to the Kahrizak care unit in Alborz province. The sample size was considered 100 spinal cord injury patients who were randomly selected. Data were collected using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, STOP-BANG Respiratory Apnea Probability Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Pain Scale, and Barthel Questionnaire. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the risk factors of respiratory apnea, anxiety, depression, pain, the time elapsed after the accident and functional mobility, and sleep quality (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Sleep quality in patients with spinal cord injury is low and is significantly associated with factors, such as the likelihood of respiratory apnea, pain, mood factors anxiety and depression, muscle tone, functional mobility, and independence in daily activities
Fetal Liver Size, Hepatic Artery Doppler Study in Late Intra Uterine Growth Restriction

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a condition in which the fetus does not reach its growth potential. It is well known that a fetus affected with late IUGR has smaller abdominal size. The aim of the study is to evaluate the fetal liver size, fetal hepatic artery blood flow and other fetal vascular Doppler indices in cases of late IUGR. Methods: This observational analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 pregnant women at or above 32 weeks. Participants were divided into two groups: Group 1 (study group): 50 pregnant women as study group who were affected with IUGR. Group 2 (control group): 50 normally pregnant women as control group. Results: There was no statistically significant correlation between fetal weight and liver length. There was a positive highly statistically significant correlation between symphysial fundal height and the estimated fetal weight by ultrasound in cases of IUGR. There was a statistically significant decrease in the liver size in IUGR compared to the normal group. There was a statistically significant reduced hepatic arterial Doppler indices. Conclusions: Reduced liver size and hepatic arterial Doppler indices (PI, RI) can be valid diagnostic methods in IUGR. SFH, in fetuses suffering from IUGR when compared to normal cases, was correlated with EFW.
The Use of Ground Motion Parameters to identify the Liquefaction during a Strong Earthquake in Northern Thailand

This paper presents a ground response analysis to simulate the liquefaction phenomenon during the 2011 Tarlay Earthquake in northern Thailand. The site investigation data and geophysical measurements on 7 sites in northern Thailand were collected. The multi-springs element model was implemented in finite element ground response analysis. Several parameters, such as peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, amplification factor, excess pore pressure ratio, were observed. Furthermore, the correlation from the ground motion parameters was generated to estimate liquefaction potential, which was represented by excess pore pressure ratio. The result showed that the excess pore pressure ratio was relatively well correlated with several ground parameters, such as amplification factor, velocity-acceleration ratio, and factor of safety against liquefaction. The results could be also used for the engineering practice in predicting liquefaction potential in Northern Thailand.
Remittances and Healthcare Expenditures: Evidence from Pakistan

This study, examines the effect of remittances on healthcare expenditure in Pakistan by utilising the Pakistan Social and Living standards Measurement (PSLM) survey. The total healthcare expenditure is classified into two categories, i.e. expenditure on medicines and expenditure on clinical services. The study analyses these categories in case of both rural and urban areas of the country. Such data is generally characterised by selection bias; therefore, we employ Propensity Score Matching (PSM) instead of the commonly used econometric techniques. Findings of the study indicate that remittances enhance spending on both the clinical services and medicines. This result is robust across the urban and rural areas of Pakistan. The comparison between the clinical services and medicines shows that the impact is higher on clinical services as compared to the impact on medicines. This suggests that remittances help to improve the preventive nature of health outcomes in Pakistan. JEL Classification: D10; I21; O15 Keywords: Remittances, Healthcare Expenditure, Medical Expenditure, Clinical Expenditure, Propensity Score Matching
SHOOT DRY WEIGHT YIELD, BROMATOLOGICAL COMPOSITION, AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ALFALFA CULTIVARS IN TROPICAL CONDITIONS

Improvement to animal genetics requires the supply of superior quality forage, such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Under tropical and subtropical conditions in Brazil, alfalfa cultivation has been restricted to the 'Crioula' cultivar, although studies have indicated that other cultivars have excellent potential of yield. The objective of this work was to evaluate the adaptation and longevity of 92 alfalfa cultivars to the tropical edaphoclimatic conditions by assessing shoot dry weight yield (SDWY), crude protein content (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and nutrient content in SDWY. The 'Crioula', 'P 105', 'Rio Grande', and 'Springfield' cultivars were the most promising owing to their higher yield and lower reduction in SDWY. Crude protein (CP) content varied among cultivars, with the highest value found in 'Pro INTA Lujan' (24.5%) and the lowest found in 'Pecos' (18.8%). NDF content ranged from 25.8% ('Key II') to 38.7% ('California 50'), while ADF content ranged from 16.4% ('F 708') to 24.8% ('Diamond'). Nutrient levels of all cultivars were within the levels considered appropriate for tropical conditions.
Screening for drought tolerance and molecular variability among some sugar beet cultivars

Drought is one of the significant abiotic stress factors that affect plant development and productivity. Screening and producing of more tolerant genotypes with higher yield capacity is the breeders' principal purpose. Therefore, this work was carried out to evaluate the performance of four sugar beet cultivars (Top, Hosam, Hercule and Kawamera) under water limitation. The drought stress experiment was applied based on three water regimes, 25%, 50% and 75% (severe, moderate and non-stress conditions, respectively) of relative water capacity (RWC). The study incorporated some productivity traits (roots and recoverable sugar yield) and quality parameters (pol%, sugar recovery% and quality index%). The results showed that drought stress has a significant effect on all studied traits. Whereas, increasing of water deficiency led to decrease of the productivity traits and increasing of quality parameters. Kawamera cultivar has superior performance in all the studied traits under all three different levels of water regime. Besides that, the four cultivars were assessed by both simple sequence repeat (SSR) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. SSR marker exhibited a higher polymorphism percentage (71.43%) than ISSR marker (44.26%). In addition, the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) value was higher for the SSR marker (0.25) than the ISSR marker (0.18) too. On the contrary, ISSR revealed a higher range of similarity (0.66-0.85). Moreover, the constructed dendrograms revealed that the SSR marker was able to separate the cultivars in line with according to their drought-tolerance, where the highest drought-tolerant cultivar (Kawamera) was classified alone in the main cluster. However, the superiority of Kawamera cultivar under drought stress indicated that it could be utilized in breeding programs for developing more drought-tolerant sugar beet cultivars.
Uncharted Waters: The Effects of Covid-19 on Student Paramedics

Introduction The effect of COVID-19 pandemic shutdowns on education has been discussed broadly in both the media and among academics, however its true effects on paramedicine students and their ability to attend in-person lectures, skill sessions and clinical placements has not been widely researched. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on a group of paramedicine students at an Australian university. Methods A cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of first and second year paramedicine students was undertaken to explore their perceived experiences of COVID-19 through both qualitative and quantitative responses. Results A total of 83 paramedicine students from Griffith University in Queensland participated in the survey, demonstrating an 84.7% response rate. Of the participants, 78.3% (n=65) disagreed that online workshop sessions were as valuable as face-to-face sessions. Similarly, the majority of participants (61.5%, n=51) disagreed that online lectures and tutorials were as beneficial as in-person equivalents. A further 61.4% (n=51) of students agreed that COVID-19-associated lockdowns had negatively impacted their ability to formulate strong personal relationships that are important for university, however 78.3% of students agreed that communication platforms assisted in maintaining some form of social interaction. Conclusion The results from this study demonstrate that the educational and social impacts of COVID-19 on paramedicine students were highly diverse, and were contingent on several factors including but not limited to: year of study, learning style, previously established social connections and extenuating life circumstances.
Exploring of Self-management Experience among Health Professional Survivors from Coronavirus Disease 2019 in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus is a health problem that is happened worldwide and impacted on many sectors. However, there is no research that provides information on health professional survivors from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience in self-management. AIM: The purpose of this study is to explore self-management experience among health professional survivors from COVID-19 in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. METHODS: Purposive sampling, one-on-one, in-depth with semi-structural interviews was conducted to collect the data in this study. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing twelve health professional survivors from COVID-19 in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Narratives were analyzed by Colaizzi’s (1978) seven-step method. RESULTS: Four emergent themes were identified in this study including self-awareness (preventing transmission, improving immunity system, dietary adjustment and accessing appropriate treatment), social relationship (negative feeling and social support), stress management (sharing experience each other’s, reducing negative emotional, and self-introspection), focus on learning (looking for information from survival COVID-19, looking for information from YouTube and looking for information from google search). CONCLUSION: The experience among health professionals in self-management while struggling to recover quickly from COVID-19 can be used as valuable information for Indonesian society.
Hematological Parameters as a Prognostic Biomarker in COVID-19 Patients

---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The onset of COVID-19 has brought the global healthcare system into jeopardy. The disease since its outburst has accounted for several lives and brought the entire global economy to a standstill. Meanwhile, the development of several new potent strains has put the entire scientific community at crossroads regarding its approach to curb the viral menace. Several vaccines have been developed and are being produced on a rapid scale; however, none of these guarantees complete protection against the viral pathogen. This makes the early detection of the disease quite important. Certain hematological parameters have been found to serve as an important biomarker for the prognosis of COVID-19. The current review discusses the role of hematological parameters like blood lymphocytes, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT), and Ferritin in the prognosis of the deadly disease. The parameters serve as an important biomarker to COVID-19 related complications in patients.
Lifetime and current depression in the German National Cohort (NAKO)

Abstract Objectives The present study introduces the assessment of depression and depressive symptoms in the German National Cohort (NAKO), a population-based mega cohort. Distribution of core measures, and associations with sociodemographic factors are examined. Methods The current analysis includes data from the first 101,667 participants (NAKO data freeze 100,000). Depression and depressive symptoms were assessed using a modified version of the depression section of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), self-reported physician’s diagnosis of depression, and the depression scale of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results A lifetime physician’s diagnosis of depression was reported by 15.0% of participants. Of those, 47.6% reported having received treatment for depression within the last 12 months. Of the subset of 26,342 participants undergoing the full depression section of the modified MINI, 15.9% were classified by the MINI with a lifetime depressive episode. Based on the PHQ-9, 5.8% of the participants were classified as currently having a major or other depression by the diagnostic algorithm, and 7.8% according to the dimensional assessment (score ≥ 10). Increased frequency of depression measures and higher depression scores were observed in women and participants with lower education level or a family history of depression. Conclusions The observed distributions of all depression measures and their associations with sociodemographic variables are consistent with the literature on depression. The NAKO represents a valuable epidemiologic resource to investigate depression, and the range of measures for lifetime and current depression allows users to select the most suitable instrument for their specific research question.