Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Rapid Intensification of Super Typhoon Lekima (2019). Part II: The Critical Role of Cloud-Radiation Interaction of Asymmetric Convection

In this study, super typhoon Lekima (2019) with an atypical rapid intensification (RI) episode is investigated by conducting a pair of experiments. In the control experiment, the model reproduces reasonably well the evolution characteristics of convective activity and intensity changes. That is, active downshear-left convection moved counterclockwise to the upshear flank. In the sensitivity experiment without the cloud-radiation feedback (CRF), the simulation fails to capture the observed upshear deep convection and the RI process. Our analyses suggest that the cloud–radiation interaction acts as positive feedback between the tilting-induced convective asymmetry (TCA) and outflow channel. On the one hand, the radiative process will induce upper (lower) cooling (warming) above (within) the cloud anvil of the outflow layer. This thermodynamical pattern locally destabilizes the upper troposphere and is conducive to enhance the deep convection. On the other hand, the enhanced deep convection provides the energy source to promote the upper divergent flows. The stronger divergent flow acts efficiently to block the vertical wind shear (VWS) and leads to a stronger outflow channel. This CRF assists in the development of a thicker and more radially extensive outflow than that CRF-off simulation. This study further confirms the outflow blocking effect, which gains insights on the evolution of upshear-left asymmetric convection and its role in the atypical RI event.
Agility demands of Gaelic football match-play: a time-motion analysis

ABSTRACT Research into the physical demands of Gaelic football is limited with no research into the agility or change of direction (CoD) demands of the sport. This study examined the CoD demands of Gaelic football via a time-motion analysis of senior inter-county match play. The Bloomfield movement classification (BMC) was adapted for application to Gaelic football. A new “descriptor” was used in an effort to account for the decision-making component of agility by isolating actions that occurred during active engagement with play. Of 1,899 changes of direction (CoDs) identified, 1,035 occurred during active engagement in play. The left/right split for CoDs during active engagement in play was 47.1/49.9%, indicating no preference for completing actions to one side over the other. Whilst the most common CoDs were ≤90° (74.9%), 80% of CoDs greater than 270° took place during active engagement in play. CoD actions are very common in Gaelic football and may be more common than in other field and court sports. It is important that athletes are physically prepared to cope with the demands of very acute CoDs during meaningful periods of match play.
HONEYBEE VIRUSES PRESENCE IN SERBIAN APIARIES: A REVIEW

The honey bee Apis mellifera is an important beneficial insect recognized by production of honeybee products, having an important role in agricultural production through pollination, and play an equally crucial role in conserving the biodiversity in many natural ecosystems. According to available literature data, in the last more than 20 years, dramatic honey bee winter colony losses have been reported frequently all over the world that could have a direct influence on human food resources and can affect not only apiculture or agriculture, but also has an anthropological threats. One among many reasons for global bees-decline phenomenon is the influence of many viruses on honeybees’ health. Until today, in total, 36 viruses is detected in honey bees, and for many of them still without known pathogenicity on honeybees’ health. However, it is well known that some of these viruses like Acute Bee Paralysis Virus (ABPV), Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV), Deformed Wing Virus (DWV), Black Queen Cell Virus (BQCV), Sacbrood Virus (SBV), Kashmir Bee Virus (KBV), Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV), Slow bee paralysis virus (SBPV), Varroa destructor virus (VDV1) and some others has direct or indirect influence on individual honeybee or on whole honeybees colony health. In this paper the review of existing literature data on the presence, prevalence and characterization of honeybee viruses detected in honeybee colonies and apiaries from different regions in Serbia from first detection of their presence in 1986 till nowadays is presented and discussed.
BYOD Security Risks and Mitigation Strategies: Insights from IT Security Experts

ABSTRACT Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) is considered one of the top security risks organizations face today as these devices are very much part of the working culture of today’s employees. However, there is still a lack of understanding of BYOD security risks and their impact on both information security and service delivery, particularly in the government sector, nor are there any strategies to reduce these risks. To examine this problem, interviews and BYOD risk assessments were conducted with eight IT security experts from selected public sector organizations to furnish in-depth insights into BYOD risks and its impact on organizations, and to recommend mitigation strategies to overcome them. Security risks that emanate from the security behavior of employees using their personal devices are identified and categorized into people, process, and technology risks. The risk assessment resulted in 16 critical risks for public sector organizations and strategies such as security training and awareness (SETA), policy, top management commitment, and technical countermeasures to overcome critical BYOD risks.
The Birth of the Universe as a Result of the Change of the Metric Signature

In this paper, I discuss the idea that the birth of our Universe may be a result of a quantum transition from a physical continuum with the Euclidean signature to a Lorentzian spacetime. A similar idea was expressed by Andrei D. Sakharov At the classical level, the idea was studied by George F. R. Ellis and his collaborators, who explored if solutions to the classical Einstein equation exist which admit a change of metric signature. The present paper aims at examining possible realizations of this idea at the level of quantum gravity, in the framework of the Wheeler–DeWitt theory and in the extended phase space approach to quantization of gravity. I intend to answer the questions: to answer the questions: Does the Hartle–Hawking wave function imply such a realization? How can this idea be realized in the extended phase space approach to quantum gravity, where the change of signature is described by imposing special conditions on g00-component of the metric in different regions of the physical continuum? The conclusion is that the idea can be realized from a formal mathematical point of view, but it can hardly help in understanding how spacetime structure and time itself appeared from a timeless continuum.
The Effect of Breed and Age on the Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Metabolic Profile in Breast Muscle of Chinese Indigenous Chickens

Indigenous chickens possess desirable characteristics and account for considerable proportions of the total chicken production in China. The current study examined the growth performance, carcass characteristics and muscle metabolites among a crossbred broiler and two indigenous, yellow-feathered chickens (Mahuang and Tuer) with different ages (60 and 75 days). Results indicated that the crossbred broiler had better feed efficiency, higher breast and thigh muscle yield, as well as a lower abdominal fat percentage than Mahuang and Tuer chickens (p < 0.05). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and multivariate analysis revealed sugars, amino acids and organic acids were the predominant metabolites that differed among the three chicken breeds. Growth performance and carcass traits of yellow-feathered chickens exhibited significant differences with the extension of the feeding period (p < 0.05). Moreover, differential metabolites reflected altered aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, ATP-binding cassette transporters, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, as well as glutathione metabolism in yellow-feathered chickens affected by age. Collectively, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the production efficiency and chemical composition of precursor flavor in Chinese indigenous, yellow-feathered chicken.
School Selection and Local Food Production in Ghana’s School Feeding Programme

School feeding programmes have been touted to improve school enrolment and physical development of children in poorer communities, but discussions on school selection criteria and linkages to local food production have been very minimal. This article discuss-es school selection and local food production under Ghana’s feeding programme. Findings show that school selection has been very problematic, motivated largely by political pa-tronage and financial gain, and not by the stated criteria of poverty and low enrolment. Local farmers have been registered in some districts to supply food to caterers, thereby helping to improve local food production. The article argues that feeding programmes ought to be designed to ensure that it reaches those who actually need it and to involve local actors in ways that promote mutual benefits.
Role of Organizational Capital at Different Phases of Business’s life Cycle A study of PSX Companies

The goal of this study was to examine the association between Business Life Cycle phases and organizational capital using PSX index companies. Mainly, the study investigates the relationship of organizational capital phases during different phases of the life cycle and its comparison with high and low organizational capital. To fulfill this objective, we have gathered PSX index of 56 companies with yearly observations ranging from 2011-2020. For estimation, a multinomial logistic model was used due to categories of the dependent variable. The results indicate that organizational capital is positively significant at the maturity phase but negatively significant at the introduction, growth, shakeout, and decline phase of the Business Life Cycle. Business Life Cycle and size, ROE, Capex, and leverage significantly but negatively affect the Business Life Cycle, whereas age and ATO significantly affect Business Life Cycle phases. The results vary with different phases of the Business Life Cycle. For future study, the study recommended that the scholar increase the number of observations for more accurate results or alternatively, use a different proxy for measuring organizational capital.
Comparative chlorophyll metabolic genes expression and response to dark stress of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus

ABSTRACT Chlorophyll accumulation is essential for leaf colouration and photosynthesis function. This study analysed chlorophyll metabolism mechanism differences between the Slip regenerated White (SLW) and Green (SLG) and Tissue Cultured White (TCW) and Green (TCG) plants’ leaf parts and their response to 30 d of dark stress. The TCG and TCW have higher chlorophyll content than the SLG and SLW, respectively. The chlorophyll biosynthesis and cycle genes, except Non-yellow colouring 1 (NYC1), are expressed apparently higher in green than in white leaf parts. The apparent up-regulation of Chlorophyllase (CLH) and down-regulation of 7-Hydroxymethyl Chlorophyll a reductase (HCAR) consequently caused the lower chlorophyll content in SLG compared to TCG. The down-regulation of CHLM and NOL may cause albino SLW. The apparent up-regulation of SGR, PAO, and PPH consequently caused the whitening of TCW. Under 30 days of dark stress, SLG and TCG leaves turned white. The down-regulation of Glutamyl-tRNA reductase 1 (HEMA1), Protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR), and up-regulation of Stay Green (SGR) may result in SLG albino. The whitening of TCG is caused by the down-regulation of CHLM and NOL, also the up-regulation of Pheophorbide an oxygenase (PAO). The loss of green leaf colour affected PGK and PsaA expression, especially in TCG.
Conceptual-Based Writing Exercises in a Circuit Analysis Course

Contribution: This article describes the implementation, assessment, and evaluation of conceptual-based writing exercises in an introductory course on electric circuit analysis. Background: Students’ struggles in gateway courses such as circuit analysis are often traced to inadequate metacognitive skills on the part of the student as well their misconceptions regarding fundamental phenomena related to the course. Writing is known to be a powerful tool for insight into a student’s thought process and to foster metacognitive activity. Research Questions: What effect does the use of short writing exercises have on students’ understanding of fundamental concepts related to the behavior of electric circuits operating at dc? What effect does the use of the conceptually based writing exercises have on students’ ability to justify their responses when answering conceptual questions related to basic electric circuit concepts? Methodology: In the first semester of the study, a single writing exercise was given and in the second semester, a total of five such exercises were administered. In each semester, students were separated into “at-risk” and “not at-risk” groups based on their responses to the first writing exercise. A $2 \times 2 \times $ (2) mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted, with at-risk/not at-risk and semester/semester between-subjects factors and pre-test/post-test on a multiple-choice conceptual-based exam a within-subjects factor. Findings: Results suggest that only the at-risk group may have benefited in terms of deepened conceptual understanding and the ability to justify their responses from the use of multiple conceptual-based writing exercises.
Young Floating Population in City: How Outsiderness Influences Self-Esteem of Rural-to-Urban Migrant Children in China?

While scholars note that rural-to-urban migrant children in China tend to have worse mental health than urban-born children, insufficient attention has been paid to understanding this mechanism beyond the Hukou system and the urban-rural dual structure. Using data from China’s Nine-City Survey of Migrant Children, this study reveals that perceptions of being a temporary visitor and an outsider in the city have strong negative effects on migrant children’s self-esteem. Regression analysis shows that migrant children sharing a kitchen with other families, studying in migrant-sponsored schools instead of regular schools for local children and perceiving discrimination from local peers tend to have lower self-esteem.
A Hybrid Multivector Model Predictive Control for an Inner-Interleaved Hybrid Multilevel Converter

A hybrid multivector model predictive control strategy for an inner-interleaved hybrid multilevel converter is brought forward in this article, which can enable the separation of the low- and high-frequency stages. It initiates with the use of sign patterns of the reference vector in the stationary reference frame to determine switching states of the low-frequency stage. Then, the reference vector is converted to the inner virtual space vector diagram, which is further transformed into a 120° oblique coordinate system, where the adjacent vectors are selected. Further, the current tracking is realized through the duty cycle optimization of the chosen vectors. Finally, a symmetric switching sequence (SS), which serves as the best one for dc capacitors voltages balancing and circulating current suppression, is selected among all the SSs that belong to the three chosen vectors with optimal duty cycles. The proposed method reduces both current ripples and computational burden while achieving a constant equivalent switching frequency. Comprehensive experimental results performed on an all silicon-carbide prototype verify the effectiveness of the proposed control.
Estimating the Population Mean Under Contaminated Normal Distribution Based on Deciles

Confidence intervals are important statistical methods used to estimate the location and dispersion parameters of the population. A new robust interval estimator, which is an adjustment of the Student-t confidence interval for estimating population mean based on the decile mean and standard deviation is consider in this research. The efficiency of this proposed interval estimator is evaluated using an extensive Monte-Carlo simulation study. The coverage probabilities and average widths of the proposed interval estimator are compared with some existing widely used interval estimators under normal and contaminated normal distributions. The simulation results show that the proposed interval estimator performs very well in terms of attaining high coverage probability and shorter average width. For illustration purposes, real-life data sets are analyzed which supported the findings obtained from the simulation study to some extent. In summary, our results confirmed that the type of estimator used to construct the confidence interval affects the performance of the interval estimator, and the proposed version of the interval estimator performs better than the other estimators evaluated herein. Consequently, we recommend the new robust conﬁdence interval for the practitioners to be used for estimating of the population mean when the contamination in the data of the distribution is present. The proposed confidence interval of the population mean can be easily calculated by using R program which is providing in this appendix.Mathematics Subject Classification 62F10; 62F35.
Photonic integrated multiwavelength transmitters for fiber-to-the-home networks

In this paper we present measurement results of monolithically integrated photonic transmitters for application in the next generation Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) networks. 4- and 8-channel transmitters were integrated onto a single chip, using multiple lasers with distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) resonators and electro-optical modulators in Mach-Zehnder configuration. Optical signals are multiplexed into a single output port using an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG).
C-FDRL: Context-Aware Privacy-Preserving Offloading Through Federated Deep Reinforcement Learning in Cloud-Enabled IoT

Recently, artificial intelligence approaches are widely suggested to optimize numerous offloading task-scheduling purposes. However, they confront difficulties in maintaining data privacy regarding the context of the data offloading during the course of offloading in the different stages. To address this problem, in this article we propose C-fDRL, a framework to provide context-aware federated deep reinforcement learning (fDRL) to maintain the context-aware privacy of the task offloading. We perform this in three stages (CloudAI, EdgeAI, and DeviceAI) of the overall system. C-fDRL checks whether the privacy of high-context-aware data with the task being offloaded is maintained locally at the DeviceAI, and low-context-aware data distributedly at the EdgeAI. When there is an offloading task request or a user needs to offload the data, C-fDRL uses a context-aware data management approach to decouple the context-aware (privacy) data from the tasks. This separates the context-aware data from the task for local computation and allows a new scheduling technique called “context-aware multilevel scheduler. ” This places high-context-aware data on local devices and low-context-aware data at the edge device for computation before the actual task execution. We performed experiments to evaluate the data privacy with the offloading tasks and the federated DRL. The results show that the proposed C-fDRL performs better than the existing framework.
DETECTION OF MICROPLASTIC RESIDUES- DEVELOPING A METHOD FOR PHTALATES IN HONEY

In this pilot study, a method for the determination of phthalates in honey was developed. The following phthalates are included: diethyl phthalate, di-isobutyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, bis (2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate, and di- (n-octyl) phthalate. For the preparation of the samples, the method of liquid-liquid extraction with hexane with an ultrasonic bath was used. The analysis of the prepared samples was performed using gas chromatography and a mass detector. The method is reliable, sensitive, and reproducible with a detection limit of 0.28 - 1.38 ug/kg. This paper presents the results of testing samples of honey stored in glass and plastic packaging for three years in order to determine the migration of phthalates. Dimethyl phthalate was not found in the tested samples. Diethyl phthalate in glass samples from glass packaging was below the LOQ, and it ranged from 2.1 to 4.11 µg / kg in the samples of honey in plastic packaging. The values of di-isobutyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate and bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate ranged between 5.32 and 22.60 µg / kg respectively;1.32 – 27.80 µg/kg; 4.45-19.19 µg/kg; di-(n-octyl) phthalate and di-methyl phthalate were < LOQ
MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM MUSHROOM BAGLOG AND ITS EFFECT ON SHIITAKE (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) AND REISHI (Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst) MYCELIAL GROWTH

Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst) and shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) mushrooms have high economic value and contain bioactive metabolites that provide heatlh benefits. Shiitake mushrooms have a delightfully unique taste as an edible mushroom. Mushroom production can be increased by utilizing microbes known as MGPB (Mushroom Growth Promoting Bacteria). This study aimed to determine the presence of bacteria associated with shiitake and reishi mushrooms in the baglog and determine how these bacteria influence the growth of shiitake and reishi mycelium. Bacteria was isolated from the mushroom baglog then were purified and centrifuged to obtain the cell-free extract. Furthermore, the bacterial cell-free extracts were poured on PDA media, then shiitake and reishi mycelium were inoculated to test the effect of bacteria isolates on fungal growth. The results showed that three isolates have the potential as MGPB in reishi mushroom, i.e., isolate S1C, S1D, and S2A. Reishi mycelium grown on isolate S2A achieved the fastest maximum growth on day 6th. In shiitake mushroom, it was seen that all isolates showed a negative effect on mycelium growth. Shiitake mycelium in isolate S1C, S1D, S2A, and S2B were seen to form a clear zone on PDA medium.
Kiwi Diwali: a longitudinal investigation of perceived social connection following a civic religious ritual

ABSTRACT Religious rituals are ubiquitous. Recent research indicates they can powerfully affect social connection, increasing collective sentiments and behaviors. However, the extent to which these effects depend on religious commitment remains unclear. Here, we use longitudinal data to investigate this question in a natural ritual setting by comparing the responses of religiously committed Hindus and non-Hindus immediately after a public Diwali celebration in New Zealand, and for two weeks following. Effects of time and level of religious commitment are assessed on five targets that measure reported social connection of participants to themselves and to specific groups: “Myself,” “My family and friends,” “Work colleagues/university peers,” “People who celebrate Diwali,” and “Humanity in general. ” We find that participation in the civic religious ritual affects social connection of all participants, with stronger effects among religiously committed Hindus. Private religious behavior appears integral to the mechanisms underpinning the amplification of solidarity at public rituals, as we find separation in the level of reported social connection to Diwali celebrants between practicing and non-practicing Hindus. Though religious commitment leads to greater perceived social connection, this study additionally demonstrates that in a religiously diverse democracy, a civic religious ritual may foster greater democratic unions across religious differences.