Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrating Control strategies Against soilborne Rhizoctonia solani in OilSeed rape (ICAROS)

While the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board seeks to ensure that the information contained within this document is accurate at the time of printing, no warranty is given in respect thereof and, to the maximum extent permitted by law, the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board accepts no liability for loss, damage or injury howsoever caused (including that caused by negligence) or suffered directly or indirectly in relation to information and opinions contained in or omitted from this document.
EVALUATION OF “TAILORED LATERAL ANAL SPHINCTEROTOMY” FOR CHRONIC ANAL FISSURE- A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Fissure-in-ano is one of the most common painful anorectal conditions encountered in surgical practice. There are several effective non-surgical methods of managing acute anal fissure. If conservative measures fail surgical option is offered to the patients. Lateral anal sphincterotomy is the surgical option recommended and accepted worldwide. The aim of our study was to assess tailored lateral sphincterotomy in terms of safety and outcome for the surgical management of chronic anal
Impact of Online Store Atmosphere, Customized Information and Customer Satisfaction on Online Repurchase Intention

Consumer behavior in online context is of significant importance for philosophers and practitioners but relevant literature mostly talks about purchase intention only; however, the present study has focused specifically on repurchase intention. The purpose of this paper is to investigate influence of some critical factors (online store atmosphere, customized information and customer satisfaction) on online repurchase intention. Convenient sampling technique through online survey based questionnaire was used for primary data gleaning from experienced online shoppers (with at least one purchase in last six months) of twin cities (Islamabad and Rawalpindi) of Pakistan. A total of 207 valid questionnaires were collected. The data was analyzed by using SPSS and reliability analysis, correlation and regression tests were applied. The results confirmed hypothesized outcomes that overall store atmosphere (Informativeness, Website Navigation, Entertainment and Website Design), customized information and customer satisfaction positively and significantly influence online repurchase intention. Customer satisfaction has been found to be the strongest determinant among the three independent variables. The study primarily focused on online repurchase intention from the perspective of a developing country (Pakistan), something rarely found in previous literature. There is no research paper that comprehensively investigates relationship of online store atmosphere, customized information and customer satisfaction with online repurchase intention of Pakistani experienced online buyers. Online vendors should consider high and low task relevant cues (Informativeness, Website Navigation, Entertainment and Website Design) while designing atmospherics of their online stores. These elements are found to be positively influencing consumers experience and their intention to make repurchase. Precise and relevant information should be provided based on visitor’s requirements and service quality should be above average to enhance customer satisfaction level. Marketers should focus more on consumer retention instead of gaining attention of new clients only.
Endoscopic Tympanoplasty in Patients with Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Repairing the perforations of the tympanic membrane, devising a simple and effective technique for performing the repair is crucial. The present study is to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic transcanal myringoplasty for repairing perforations of the tympanic membrane. The medical record review included 43 patients who underwent endoscopic transcanal myringoplasty from March 2018 to November 2019 at Peking University First Hospital (Beijing, China). Patients with ossicular chain disease and cholesteatoma or inadequate follow-up were excluded. Patients were followed up for 1 month, and final follow-up was completed on January 2020. The main outcome was the rate of overall graft success after endoscopic transcanal myringoplasty. Secondary outcomes included hearing results and prognostic factors. The study sample included the medical records of 43 cases (25 males [59%]; 18 females [41%]; mean [SD] age, 43.2 [7.8] years) who underwent endoscopic transcanal myringoplasty. Overall, 42 patients (98%) had a successful graft at 1 postoperative month. Moreover, the mean preoperative and postoperative air-bone gaps were 16.9 (9.3) and 5.6 (6.6) dB, respectively, revealing a significant improvement of 11.6 dB (Cohen d, 1.27; 95% CI, 90-1.63; P<0.001, paired t test) in the air-bone gap. Twenty patients (46%) had preoperative air-bone gaps of less than 20 dB, whereas 42 patients (98%) had postoperative air-bone gaps of less than 20 dB.
Amyloid B-Protein Aggregation at Physiologically Relevant Concentrations. A Critical Role of Membranes.

Background The aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) is a self-assembly process that results in the production of fibrillar structures along with neurotoxic aggregates. However, in the vast majority studies in vitro the required Ab concentrations is several orders higher of the physiological relevant concentrations of Aβ; no aggregation is observed at physiological low nanomolar range of Aβ. This suggests that the assembly of Aβ in aggregates in vivo utilizes pathways different from those used in experiments in vitro. Results The spontaneous assembly of Aβ oligomers within the physiologically relevant concentration range can occur, but it is the on-surface aggregation mechanism, in which the surface pays a role of the catalyst of the aggregation process. The model for the on-surface aggregation process suggests that the self-assembly of Aβ oligomers is initiated by the interaction of amyloid proteins with the cellular membrane. The membrane catalyzes amyloid aggregation by stabilizing an aggregation-prone conformation of amyloids. The lipid composition contributes to the membrane-mediated misfolding and aggregation of Aβ monomers. Conclusion Membrane-mediated aggregation catalysis explains a number of observations associated with the development of AD. The affinity of Aβ monomers to the membrane surface is the major factor defining the aggregation process rather than Aβ concentration. According to the model, the development of potential preventions for the interaction of monomeric amyloids with membrane can help control the aggregation process. This is a paradigm change for the development of efficient treatments, early diagnostics, and preventions for Alzheimer's disease.
Neural SDEs Made Easy: SDEs are Inﬁnite-Dimensional GANS

Several authors have introduced Neural Stochastic Differential Equations (Neural SDEs), often involving complex theory with various limitations. Here, we aim to introduce a generic, user friendly approach to neural SDEs. Our central contribution is the observation that an SDE is a map from Wiener measure (Brownian motion) to a solution distribution, which may be sampled from, but which does not admit a straightforward notion of probability density – and that this is just the familiar formulation of a GAN. This produces a continuous-time generative model, arbitrary drift and diffusions are admissible
Supplementary for “Object-Contextual Representations for Semantic Segmentation”

In Section A, we compare our approach to the existing coarse-to-fine approaches. In Section B, we study the influence of the region numbers and illustrate the qualitative results with Double Attention. In Section C, we report the results of Panoptic-FPN + PPM / ASPP on the COCO val 2017 and the results of Panoptic-FPN / Panoptic-FPN + OCR on the COCO test-dev. In Section D, we apply our OCR on MobileNetV2 to verify the effectiveness of our approach for real-time applications. In Section E, we verify the advantage of our OCR over the conventional DeepLabv3 [1] and DeepLabv3+ [2] based on the recent MMSegmentation code base [13]. Last, in Section F, we illustrate some examples of the qualitative improvements based on our OCR scheme.
Exchange Rate Exposure and the Cost of Debt: Evidence from Bank Loans

The puzzling weak empirical evidence of the impact of exchange rate exposure on firm operations may be because empiricists have focused attention on the wrong aspect of firm operations. Using data on more than 6,000 loans issued to U.S. firms between 1990 and 2006 we examine whether firms’ exchange rate exposure matters to their cost of bank debt. The answer is yes it does. Utilizing three different exchange rate indices to obtain a measure of exposure, we find that exposure has a statistically significant and economically meaningful impact on loan spreads. This impact is asymmetric, depending on whether the firm is positively (similar to net importers) or negatively (similar to net exporters) exposed to exchange rate risk. A one standard deviation increase in positive exposure increases loan spreads by as much as 39 basis points for firms exposed to the currencies of the emerging economies and up to 27 basis points for exposure to the currencies of developed countries. Conversely, a one standard deviation increase in the magnitude of negative exposure results in a decrease in spreads of more than 15 basis points. These results are robust for firms that hedge exchange rate risk and for firms with and without foreign income and hold when we account for potential endogeneity between loan rates
Enforcement and Cash Flow Management to Delay Goodwill Impairments under IFRS

Under IFRS, managers can use two approaches to increase the estimated recoverable value of a cash generating unit (CGU) to which goodwill has been allocated in order to justify not recognizing impairment: (1) make overly optimistic valuation assumptions (e.g., about discount rate, revenue growth, terminal growth rate), and (2) increase future cash flow estimates by increasing current cash flows. Because enforcement constrains the use of optimistic valuation assumptions we propose that the strength of enforcement influences the relative use of these two choices. Using an international sample of listed firms that report under IFRS, we document that the use of cash flow increasing management for firms that delay goodwill impairment is more positively associated with enforcement relative to a control sample that recognizes impairments. We also find that as enforcement increases, firms that delay goodwill impairment shorten the cash conversion cycle in the current year by delaying cash payments to suppliers, and that these transactions reverse in the next year. Finally, we show that cash flow management to delay goodwill impairment is detrimental to future performance.
Surface modification of nylon 6 films treated with an He/O2 atmospheric pressure plasma jet

To investigate the effect of the gas composition of the plasma treatment on the surface modification of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ), nylon 6 films were treated with APPJ with pure helium (He), He + 1% oxygen (O2), and He + 2% O2, respectively. Atomic force microscopy showed increased surface roughness, whereas X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed increased oxygen contents after the plasma treatments. The plasma-treated samples had lower water contact angles and higher T-peel strengths than the control. The addition of a small amount of O2 to the He plasma increased the effectiveness of the plasma treatment in the polymer surface modification in terms of surface roughness, surface oxygen content, etching rate, water contact angle, and bonding strength. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Towards generating realistic and heterogeneous cardiac magnetic resonance simulated image database for deep learning based image segmentation algorithms

Synopsis This study investigates an approach to generate a realistic, heterogeneous database of simulated cardiac MR images to aid the development of fully automated and generalizable deep learning based segmentation algorithms, less sensitive to variabilities in CMR image appearance. XCAT phantoms were used to create the virtual population by altering the heart position and geometry and MRXCAT approach was improved to simulate more organs. Images simulated in this study were quantitatively and qualitatively comparable to real CMR images acquired by two different sites and vendors. Initial experiments using such a heterogeneous image dataset show a positive impact on the segmentation performance.
Detection of multiple presence of antibiotic residues in slaughtered sheep at Duhok abattoir, Iraq

Article history: Received November 5, 2019 Accepted December 31, 2019 Available online September 7, 2020 The aim of this study is to investigate the presence and/or multi-presence of tetracycline, penicillin G, streptomycin, and gentamicin residues in slaughtered sheep carcasses at Duhok abattoir using ELISA technique. Eighty-eight samples were collected from different sites of twenty-two sheep carcasses. These samples included Longissimus dorsi, diaphragmatic muscles, liver and kidney. The samples were prepared, homogenized, extracted and assayed according to ELISA kit instructions. The results revealed that all 22 carcasses were contained at least one type of tested antibiotics. Multiple antibiotic residues were found in 17(77.27%) of examined carcasses. The study indicated that local ovine meat sold in Duhok province generally contained residues of antibiotics. Animals slaughtered might have been treated with veterinary drugs and the proper withdrawal period was not respected before slaughtering.
Production and characteristics of protein hydrolysates from little hairtail (Trichiurus haumela) of East China Sea

The protein hydrolysates of little hairtail (Trichiurus haumela) were prepared by the combination of Alcalase and Flavourzyme and the resulting protein hydrolysates, with highest degree of hydrolysis, physicochemical and nutritional properties were evaluated. The influence factors on the degree of hydrolysis such as hydrolysis time, temperature, pH, enzymes/substrate ratio and Alcalase/Flavourzyme ratio were investigated and the optimum hydrolysis conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiments. The protein hydrolysates were freeze-dried and characterized with respect to yield, moisture, nitrogen recovery, molecular mass distribution and amino acid composition. The results showed that the degree of hydrolysis was up to 27.2% under the optimum conditions where the proteins were hydrolyzed by Alcalase for 21 h, followed by Flavourzyme for 5 h, enzymes/substrate ratio 2.8%, pH 7.0, temperature 55°C and Alcalase/Flavourzyme ratio 1 : 4. The yield, nitrogen recovery and moisture of freeze-dried hydrolysates were 20.2 ± 0.1 percent of wet weight of raw material, 75.6 ± 0.2% and 4.3 ± 0.1%, respectively. The average molecular weight of freeze-dried protein hydrolysates was 1071 Da, the low molecular mass peptides were the main fraction of hydrolysates and the free amino acids occupied a small percentage. Compared to the suggested patterns of amino acids requirements by the FAO/WHO, the protein hydrolysates of little hairtail (Trichiurus haumela) have high nutritional value and could be used as a nutritious supplement in various food products.
Connection between Social Relationships and Basic Motor Competencies in Early Childhood

In preschool, children build new contacts and social relationships with other people. They learn to cooperate with their peers and communicate in groups. In addition to social relationships, basic motor competencies (in German: Motorische Basiskompetenzen (MOBAK)) are also seen as a central developmental goal in early childhood and are necessary for participation in the culture of sports and movement. The aim of this paper is to describe the connection between social relationships and basic motor competencies in early childhood. In this present study, the motor competencies of N = 548 preschool children (51% girls, M = 68.0 months, SD = 6.8) were tested in the competence areas of self-movement and object movement. The children’s perceived social relationships were recorded from teacher and parent perspectives. The results clearly show a connection between social relationships and motor competencies in early childhood, with a stronger connection observed in boys. This finding is relevant both from a developmental and a health-oriented perspective, as it points to a link between physical and mental health, as well as technical and interdisciplinary competencies, in early childhood.
EFFECT OF CERTAIN NANOPARTICLES AGAINST ROOT- KNOTNEMATODE, MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA, AFFECTING, TOMATO PLANTS IN EL-BEHERA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT

Meloidogyne incognita was recovered from tomato galled roots sampled from El-Nubaria region, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt. In an in vitro experiment, SiO2, ZnO and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) significantly decreased Meloidogyne incognita egg hatching (%) and this effect increased with increasing the Nps concentration (250, 500, 1000 ppm) and exposure time (24, 48, 72 hours after treatment). Newly hatched second stage juveniles soaked in 1000 ppm solutions of Ag, SiO2 and ZnO NPs showed clearly damaged juveniles cuticle which appeared sunken, wrinkled and distorted using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) compared to the untreated control, which exhibited typical structure and smooth cuticle surface. Meanwhile, Ag, ZnO and SiO2 NPs significantly increased juveniles mortality (%) in vitro. Treatment of Ag (1000 ppm) was the most effective and showed 100% juveniles mortality as early as 24h. after treatment, while the Ag 500ppm showed 100% mortality at 48h. after treatment. Also, data showed that increasing the exposure times from 24, to 48 or to 72 h increased mortality in all treatments. Besides, in 2 J. Agric. & Env. Sci. 2018, 17(3): 1-34 Damanhour University ISSN 1687-1464 pot experiment, SiO2, ZnO and Ag nanoparticles (1000 ppm) significantly decreased number of galls/root, number of eggmasses/root and disease severity on tomato plants cv. Malica grown in potted soil infested with Meloidogyne incognita and treated with Nps, 45 days after the synchronized inoculation and treatment where AgNP was the most effective and decreased both parameters. Disease severity also decreased with the three tested nanoparticles and AgNPs was the most effective. On the other hand, root and shoot growth system of the M. incognita infected tomato plants (cv. Malica) treated with Ag, ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles were better than the infected untreated control. Meanwhile Treatment with SiO2, ZnO and Ag Nps to infected tomato plants (cv. Malica) significantly increased polyphenoloxidase (PPO), peroxidase (PO) activities in tomato roots compared to the untreated control. Also, the content of total phenols was higher in case of Ag, ZnO and SiO2 NPs treatments than the infected untreated tomato roots (control). A strong negative correlation between total phenols and disease severity% (r = 0.922) were revealed, also between conjugated phenols and diseases severity (r= -0.885) but the free phenols showed weak correlation. Also, weak and moderate correlations between peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase activities and disease severity% were revealed being r = -0.494 and r = 0.678, for the two previous oxidative enzymes, respectively.
The Compelling Case for Chromium Supplementation

Dietary supplements containing chromium are gaining popularity among Americans, especially those seeking a weight-loss program. Chromium supplements are available in various forms including chromium picolinate, niacin-bound chromium (also called chromium polynicotinate or chromium nicotinate), and chromium-enriched yeast. Brewer's yeast is considered the most biologically active and absorbable form of chromium.
School Characteristics and the Implementation of Automatic Promotion: Implications for Literacy in English-speaking Primary Schools in Cameroon

There are concerns about the effects of automatic promotion on quality. However, this may differ according to school type or characteristics. The study was a survey that assessed the extent to which types of schools differ in practicing automatic promotion and the effects on literacy achievement of final year pupils from 18 schools in six randomly selected divisions of the two English-speaking regions of Cameroon. 18 teachers and 727 pupils participated and data were collected through an interview and an achievement test which was an extract of the English language paper of the 2013/2014 First School Leaving Certificate Examination. The validity and reliability of the test had already been established by the Ministry of Basic Education. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Findings revealed that the effects of automatic promotion on literacy is generally negative but differs by school type with the public schools having the lowest literacy achievement rates.
Bank lending procyclicality: A comparative study of conventional and Islamic banks

The paper examines the bank lending procyclicality of the dual banking system in Pakistan with the aim to ascertain if conventional or Islamic banks have role in stabilizing credit. For the purpose, quarterly banking and macroeconomic data is gathered covering mostly a business cycle from 2006:Q1 to 2016:Q4. For analysis purpose, system GMM estimators are applied on the dynamic panel data model used in the study. Results obtained confirm the procyclical lending behavior of the dual banking system as suggested in existing literature. However, the lending behavior of Islamic banks is observed to be more procyclical when compared with the conventional peers. It implies that Islamic banks are more exposed to external economic down turns and would experience an intense decrease in lending if the economy contracts. These results are found to be robust to an alternative estimation technique. Hence, our findings are against the “stability” view of Islamic banks and necessitate further investigations of the subject.
THE EFFECT OF GENISTEIN AGAINST SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI IN EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED MICE

Schistosomiasis is one of the most significant parasites especially in tropics and subtropics.The only recognized drug used for treatment of all species of Schistosoma is praziquantel (PZQ). Worries about drug resistance motivated the quest for novel drug sources. Genistein, which is anatural product present in soybeans, was assessed for its antischistosomal effects in experimentallySchistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) infected mice either solely or in association with PZQ.All groups that were infected subjected to portal and mesenteric veins perfusion, evaluation ofworm burden, liver and intestinal ova count, and the oogram. Moreover, ultrastructural changesin the worm’s tegument and interleukin IL-1β (IL-1β) levels in infected mice were also assessed.There were significant reductions in the total worm number and egg load of liver and intestinewith significant decrease in immature and mature eggs in all groups received treatment in comparisonwith the infected non treated control one. Tegument of adult worms exposed to genisteinexhibited distortion of suckers and erosions with loss of tubercles and spines. There was decreasein the IL-1β level in all treated groups. The best results, in all parameters, were given bycombined (genistein & PZQ) treatment. Genistein possessed moderate activity against S. mansoniadults and considered as a good adjuvant to PZQ.