Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On finite degree partial representations of group

We establish a one-to-one correspondence between the irreducible finite degree partial rep tions of a groupG and the (usual) irreducible representations of certain ideals of a groupoid a constructed fromG. We derive a structural result about the irreducible partial representation finite dimensional vector spaces and give the description “up to usual representations” of th ducible partial representations of abelian groups of degrees 4. We treat simultaneously irreducib and indecomposable partial representations.  2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Effects of ammonia exposure on immunity indicators of haemolymph and histological structure of hepatopancreas in Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

In intensive culture system,accumulation of ammonia-N,which is the principal end-product of nitrogenous metabolism,has deleterious effects on aquatic animals.The relationship between ambient ammonia and immunity capacity in aquatic animals is well-documented,but there is a dearth of information relating to the immune and histological alterations induced by ambient ammonia from Eriocheir sinensis.In the present study,the effects of ambient ammonia on the immune response of E.sinensis body weight(71.25±1.13)? g,was investigated.The crabs were allocated to four groups with different NH+4-N levels:10 mg/L(LC group),50 mg/L(MC group) and 100 mg/L(HC group),which were obtained by diluting 50 g/L NH4Cl,and the control(basic concentration of 1 mg/L NH4Cl). The relative immunity indicators of haemolymph were measured on days 1,3,5 and 15 following the stress and histological structure of hepatopancreas was observed on day 15.The results were as follows:(1) After 1-3 days treatment with ammonia exposure,density of hemocyte cell(DHC) in these three treatments decreased significantly compared with control(P0.05). With time elapsed,DHC peaked on day 5 and there was no significant difference among different treatments(P0.05). However,on day 15,DHC in group HC was lower significantly than that in control(P0.05). Within short time(within 1 day) following the stress,superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) activity were stimulated in LC group while inhibited in HC group.After 5 d,the change of SOD activity was similar to that of DHC.Whereas CAT activity dropped to the lowest on day 5,and significant difference presented in these three treatments compared with control(P0.05). Progressive increases in malodiadehyde(MDA) level was observed with time elapsed.Moreover,the augmentation of MDA changed with different concentration of ambient ammoniaN that the higher concentration,the more augmentation of MDA;(2) the histological structure of hepatopancreas was affected by ammonia exposure.In these three treatments,the number of B cells of hepatopancreas decreased while the transferred vacuoles increased,and nucleus were deformed with its numbers increasing.The basement membranes of some hepatopancreas tubular in HC group were so ruptured that substances in cells leaked.The cellularity was dim and nucleus were karyorhexised.Such alterations could affect vital physiological functions,such as absorption,storage and secretion of the hepatopancreas,which in turn could ultimately affect the survival and growth of E.sinensis. Therefore,the results indicate that ammonia exposure can affect the immunity function and histological structure,which will provide the theoretical basis for the mechanism of ammonia stress on crabs.
Commognitive Analysis of Students Difficulty In Solving Fractional Problems

This study discusses the difficulties of elementary school students in completing fractional tasks. Fractions is one of the basic materials in mathematics for elementary school level. The theoretical framework used to analyze students' difficulties in solving fractional tasks is the comognitive framework. The statements in the Comognitive Framework will be broken down into four categories: visual mediators, endorsed narratives, routine and word use. The data was collected through a written test and an interview on the fifth-grade students of a primary school in one of the public schools in Rembang Subdistrict, Pasuruan District. A total of thirty-six students were given tasks related to fractions. The next step is to select one student from each of the high, medium, and low category who answered incorrectly to the question given in the interview. The results of the analysis using comognitive framework shows that the students' difficulties were mostly in the case of errors in visual mediators, endorsed narratives, and routine. These types of errors will affect the completion of the next task. The students are very rarely using visual mediators in completing fractional tasks. Thus, it makes them difficult to complete the tasks on fraction.
Developing Rules of Field Weeds in Wetland Rice-Duck Compounded System

In order to overcome the abuse of chemical pesticide weed in rice paddy,a systematic ecperiment is carried out on weeds populations dynamics in rice-duck intergrowth fields of middle rice and late rice.The results indicated that the control impact of feeding duck in rice paddy on weeds is 98.5%~99.3%, 6.9%~16.1% more than in pesticide area . In area of feeding ducks,the harm of weeds is removed,and it saves labor,saves pesticides and increases yield.It is a perfect technical measure of biology weed.
Cointegration’s Relationship and Causality between Exportations and Economic Growth from Southern America’s Countries and the United States

Abstratct: The objective of this study is to comprehend the dynamic of the relationships in the long term between the economic growth, represented by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the exportations from the Southern America’s countries and the United States. Therefore, note that both move together in a period of 51 years, just as well the existence of the causality relationship between them. For this examination, it was used Amplified Dickey Fuller’s methodology and the cointegration test of Johansen (1991) to compare the relationship between the exportations and economic growth and, the causality model proposed by Granger (1969). The results allow inferring, through Johansen’s test, eigenvalue’s statistic and the trace of vector’s existence of cointegration in the United States, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Uruguay. The causality unidirectional was confirmed in Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador and Uruguay, confirming the hypotheses GLE (export-led-growth). The main study’s contribution allows inferring that the maintenance of causality relationship, contribute to an economic development, thereby, politics incentive domestic production can be progressives, because the exportations showed up the causer of economic growth. In this respect, the political conduct could highlight the importance of competitiveness from countries in the support to domestic to productivity, fiscal incentives and infrastructure, the realization of commercial deals, aiming the exporter growth. For countries which the causality wasn’t identified, contributes for the clarification for other peculiarities, inherent to the individuals contexts that might contribute to economic growth.
Direct and indirect effects of land use on bryophytes in grasslands 1

Direct and indirect effects of land use on bryophytes in grasslands 1 Steffen Boch, Eric Allan, Jean-Yves Humbert, Yasemin Kurtogullari, Malie Lessard2 Therrien, Jörg Müller, Daniel Prati, Nora Simone Rieder, Raphaël Arlettaz, Markus 3 Fischer 4 a Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 5 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland 6 b Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland 7 c Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 8 Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland 9 d Department of Nature Conservation, Heinz Sielmann Foundation, Unter den Kiefern 9, 1
Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of jalapeño pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum) during storage

Jalapeno pepper is consumed both green (unripe) and red (ripe), so it is important to evaluate the components present in both states. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage time (30 days) at room temperature (25 °C) on the physicochemical, antioxidant and textural parameters of Capsicum annuum var. annuum. During this period, there was a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the soluble solids content, acidity, and reducing sugars, whereas moisture, ash, and pH decreased. The firmness of the pericarp varied from 5.17 N to 2.88 N. The capsaicin in green state was lower than that found for the red state. Some antioxidant compounds showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) from day 15 of storage. The radical scavenging of DPPH was higher (58.35 %) in the red state of maturity in comparison with the green state of maturity (19.42 %). Some properties analyzed in Jalapeno pepper showed significant changes (P ≤ 0.05) between day 15 and 20 of storage, coinciding with the color change from green to red. Jalapeno pepper at the red stage is a good source of antioxidants including ascorbic acid, carotenoids and polyphenols.
Agricultural management effects on mean and extreme temperature
trends

Abstract. Regression-based trend analysis is applied to observations and present-day ensemble simulations with the Community Earth System Model to assess if climate models overestimate warming trends because theoretical constant levels of irrigation and conservation agriculture (CA) are excluded. At the regional scale, an irrigation- and CA-induced acceleration of the annual mean near-surface air temperature (T2m) warming trends and the annual maximum daytime temperature (TXx) warming trends were evident. Estimation of the impact of irrigation and CA on the spatial average of the warming trends indicated that irrigation and CA have a pulse cooling effect on T2m and TXx, after which the warming trends increase at a greater rate than the control simulations. This differed at the local (subgrid) scale under irrigation where surface temperature cooling and the dampening of warming trends were both evident. As the local surface warming trends, in contrast to regional trends, do not account for atmospheric (water vapour) feedbacks, their dampening confirms the importance of atmospheric feedbacks (water vapour forcing) in explaining the enhanced regional trends. At the land surface, the positive radiative forcing signal is too weak to offset the local cooling from the irrigation-induced increase in the evaporative fraction. Our results underline that agricultural management has complex and nonnegligible impacts on the local climate and highlights the need to account for land management in climate projections.
Subsequence Ergodic Theorems

The word ergodic was first used by Boltzmann in 1898 to describe systems where the time and space average are equal. These systems are of importance in statistical mechanics and led von Neumann and Birkhoff to develop their celebrated classical ergodic theorems. It is however Furstenberg’s ergodic proof of Szemerédi’s theorem and the resulting extension to the first proof of the multi-dimensional Szemerédi theorem that has evoked an increased interest in the study of ergodic theorems of late. This interest has resulted in many researchers focussing their efforts on possible extensions of the classical ergodic theorems. In this thesis we discuss extensions of the classical ergodic theorems to subsequences of the integers and real numbers. This thesis is organised as follows. In the first chapter some ergodic theory basics will be introduced, including the results of von Neumann and Birkhoff. In the second chapter we proceed to the subsequence results of von Neumann’s mean ergodic theorem, introducing the concept of mean good sequences. Developments of Weyl are studied including a proof that polynomial sequences are mean good. Certain growth criteria for mean good sequences are also studied. In the third and final chapter subsequence results of Birkhoff’s pointwise ergodic theorem are discussed. The concept of pointwise good sequences is introduced and two methods of Bourgain are developed to prove whether sequences are pointwise good or not, namely Bourgain’s oscillation method and Bourgain’s entropy method. The oscillation method will be used to prove Birkhoff’s classic ergodic theorem. The entropy method will be used to solve a problem that Bellow posed and to show that integer parts of pointwise good sequences remain pointwise good, following Lesigne’s proof.
Factors Influencing E-Learning Satisfaction Among Students: A Study of a Public University in Malaysia

: In recent years, e-learning has become a popular learning method in the institutions of higher learning due to the increment of resource allocation and student’s enrolment for such courses. For the purpose of this study, e-learning is referred to as i-Learn – a web based educational system used by the university. Therefore, this study is aimed at determining perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and computer self-efficacy on students’ satisfaction in using i-Learn. 226 respondents specifically bachelor degree hospitality students of a public university in Malaysia were surveyed. This study found that all three factors of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and computer self-efficacy have positive and significant relationships with students’ satisfaction on i-Learn. This study will be a significant endeavour in providing guidance to the institutions of higher learning on the effective approach in implementing i-Learn. Findings of the study are also useful to have better knowledge in understanding i-Learn in order to create supportive and conducive environment in promoting an efficient e-learning management system.
Mast cells as a unique hematopoietic lineage and cell system: From Paul Ehrlich's visions to precision medicine concepts

The origin and functions of mast cells (MCs) have been debated since their description by Paul Ehrlich in 1879. MCs have long been considered 'reactive bystanders' and 'amplifiers' in inflammatory processes, allergic reactions, and host responses to infectious diseases. However, knowledge about the origin, phenotypes and functions of MCs has increased substantially over the past 50 years. MCs are now known to be derived from multipotent hematopoietic progenitors, which, through a process of differentiation and maturation, form a unique hematopoietic lineage residing in multiple organs. In particular, MCs are distinguishable from basophils and other hematopoietic cells by their unique phenotype, origin(s), and spectrum of functions, both in innate and adaptive immune responses and in other settings. The concept of a unique MC lineage is further supported by the development of a distinct group of neoplasms, collectively referred to as mastocytosis, in which MC precursors expand as clonal cells. The clinical consequences of the expansion and/or activation of MCs are best established in mastocytosis and in allergic inflammation. However, MCs have also been implicated as important participants in a number of additional pathologic conditions and physiological processes. In this article, we review concepts regarding MC development, factors controlling MC expansion and activation, and some of the fundamental roles MCs may play in both health and disease. We also discuss new concepts for suppressing MC expansion and/or activation using molecularly-targeted drugs.
Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Out-break: A Review

Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses this family of viruses causing illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases as acute and chronic respiratory, enteric and diseases of central nervous system in many species of animals, including humans. Coronaviruses are enveloped non-segmented positive-sense RNA viruses belonging to the family Coronaviridae, classified within Coronaviruses (CoVs) genus which is enveloped, single-stranded RNA and positive-sense. According to the evolutionary analyses, bats, rodents, avian species are the gene sources [1]. It has caused several emerged as human disease as in the case severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV) transmitted from bats and the Himalayan palm civet (Paguma larvata) in 2002-2003, China, and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV) transmitted from dromedary camel (Camels dromedaries) in the Arabian Peninsula since 2012 [2]. The 2019-nCoV is a new strain discovered in late 2019 and has not been earlier recognized in humans. 2019-nCoV cause a self-limiting upper and lower respiratory infections in people with immune-competent [3]. It has been detected that 2019-nCoV has 89% of similarity in the nucleotide to bat SARS-like-CoVZXC21, while has 82% of similarity with that of human SARS-CoV [4]. The current review paper aimed to summarize the findings of the previous studies conducted of different researchers findings and written review papers on 2019-nCoV during the last two months through the systematic review. Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Out-break: A Review
Developing Circle Module Based on Van Hiele Theory

The van Hiele theory offers learning phases as an effective way to be applied in geometry classes. Because there is the difference of students’ ability in solving circle geometry problems, a module can be used to deal with. This article describes the developing process and validating of circle module based on van Hiele theory. The developing model was Plomp model. The module was developed by five phases of van Hiele theory, namely inquiry, guided orientation, explicitation, free orientation, and integration. In addition, this circle module was developed in seven sections, those were elements and parts of the circle; the value of Pi and the perimeter of circle; the area of circle; the central angle and the inscribed angle; arc length, area of sector and area of segment; the properties of tangents; and the direct common tangent of two circles and the indirect common tangent of two circles. Based on the result of validation from expert, field trial in the class, and the legibility tryout of the module, the circle module based on van Hiele theory was declared valid to be used as learning resources.
THE ECONOMIC COST OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN THE BRAZILIAN LABOUR

Gender discrimination in the labor market can take several forms, creating wage differentials that are unrelated to productivity. The existence of these differences implies an economic cost for the economy in terms of production and labor income. In this article, these losses were estimated through the interaction of wage decomposition models and simulations with an input-output model. The wage decomposition was calculated at different points of the income distribution, using the recentered influence function (RIF) developed by Firpo et al. (2009). Using the results of the decomposition, it was possible to calculate individual wages adjustments, following steps proposed by Oaxaca and Ranson (2003), so that all individuals are remunerated according to their observable characteristics as well as the non-discriminated group. In turn, these estimates were used to compile two vectors of shock, for the simulation of rising nominal costs of labor, and consumption, considering households divided by income deciles. The wage decomposition model was estimated using the National Household Survey (from Portuguese PNAD – Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios) for 2013. The input-output matrix estimate was based on the supply and use tables for 2013, according to the procedures described in Guilhoto and Sesso Filho (2005) and the hypothesis of "industry-based" technology. The first simulation operates basically as the following: i) the adjustment was calculated at the individual level, ii) the change in sectorial labor cost depends on the total adjustment owed to all women working in that sector; iii) the increase in wages is incorporated as a rise in production cost, that causes expanding prices; iv) using Leontief price model assumptions, if the amount of money in the economy is the same, final demand is adjusted and the production falls; v) employment follows production. In the second simulation, it was assumed that the economy changed due to the first shock. Therefore, using the updated Leontief matrix, it was applied a second shock increasing consumption for all households, according to the income rise in each decile calculated at individual level and aggregated by income decile. Consequently, in the second simulation, consumption increases production; and employment follows production. The simulation results indicate that the income effect generated through consumption overcomes the price effect, due to the wage rising in terms of production and welfare but not in terms of employment. Nonetheless, the results are very heterogeneous across sectors and households. Key-words: discrimination, women, wage decomposition, input-output simulation JEL Classification: J7, C21, C67
Creating ESP classroom culture based on student-generated ideas

У статті розглядається проблема трансформації традиційного освітнього середовища і створення класної культури, заснованої на ідеях студентів, які вивчають англійську мову за професійним спрямуванням. Це дослідження проводилося в Національному технічному університеті України «Київський політехнічний інститут ім. Ігоря Сікорського» зі студентами, що спеціалізуються в області інформаційних технологій, математики або фізики, у віці від 18 до 20 років, першого і другого року навчання. Для збору даних використовувалися комбіновані методи, які включали опитування та дискусії, що проводилися на добровільних засадах в лютому 2019-2020 навчального року. У статті стверджується, що поетапне введення нових форм навчання, різні типи питань, ігри з визначеннями, Quizlet і Classtime, різні види зворотного зв’язку дозволили викладачам створити середовище, засноване на ідеях, які генеруються студентами, що уможливило розвиток самостійності студентів. Таким чином, створення власних матеріалів перетворює студентів на активних учасників, зацікавлених в цілеспрямованому спілкуванні. Викладачі стають фасилітаторами, які допомагають створювати класну культуру, засновану на ідеях студентів. Результати дослідження будуть корисні для практиків, які хотіли б внести зміни в традиційний клас і зробити його орієнтованим на студента Ключові слова: створені студентами, автономія, ігри з визначеннями, питання різного типу, Квізлет, Класстайм, зворотний зв’язок
Factors Affecting Level of Potato Commercialization in Kofale District, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

The Government of Ethiopia focuses on Agricultural Commercialization to meet the challenge of improving rural incomes by introducing Agricultural commercialization cluster. However, there are no adequate studies on level of commercialization and factors affecting Farmers’ potato commercialization in Kofale District. This study was aimed to identify level and factors affecting farmers’ level of potato commercialization. A two stage random sampling procedure was used to select 150 sample households potato producer. Descriptive statistics and econometric model were used to analyze the data. About 18% of sample farm households were low level of commercialization, about 15% medium and about 67% of them categorized under high level of commercialization. Truncated model was used in the econometric analysis. Education status, land allocated for Potato production and Access to market information influenced level of potato commercialization positively and significantly. The study indicated that the government, stakeholders and concerned bodies need to focus on facilitating farmers to participate education by providing adult education and extension based education, strengthening the existing livestock providing improved health services and better livestock feed (forage), improve productivity of land by providing technology and disseminate market information to producers so as to improve intensity of potato commercialization.