Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing A Typeface by Adapting Are'Lancor : Madura Cultural Identity in Latin Letters

Arè' lancor, a type of sickle, is a traditional weapon and has become a Madurese cultural identity, especially in Pamekasan regency, Indonesia. Its important status in local history, folklore, and tradition, does not seem to be supported by the community with efforts to introduce Lancor through representative media to a wider audience. This research was conducted as a strategy to introduce lancor in a familiar and applicable visual language medium. The authors have conducted a typographic exploration by designing a set of typeface that contain elements of the visual character of are' lancor'. The design thinking process is used to achieve the design objectives: empathy, define, ideation, prototyping, and test/implementation. This study aims to construct knowledge about how the creative process and the stages of designing a typeface. Keywords: typography; typeface; are’ lancor; madura; cultural; promotion
Influence of blade skew on axial fan component noise

Microphone arrays can be used to detect sound sources on rotating machinery. For this study, experiments with three different axial fans, featuring backward-skewed, unskewed, and forward-skewed blades, were conducted in a standardized fan test chamber. The measured data are processed using the virtual rotating array method. Subsequent application of beamforming and deconvolution in the frequency domain allows the localization and quantification of separate sources, as appear at different regions on the blades. Evaluating broadband spectra of the leading and trailing edges of the blades, phenomena governing the acoustic characteristics of the fans at different operating points are identified. This enables a detailed discussion of the influence of the blade design on the radiated noise.
A child with myasthenia gravis and defective accommodation: A case study

Background: This case details a 14-year old female with myasthenia gravis (MG) who on presentation had ocular symptoms, which included bilateral ptosis and vertical diplopia. Four weeks after the onset of the MG she developed accommodative insufficiency. This condition has not been reported before in childhood MG, but has been documented in adult onset MG. The onset in this case was later in the course of the disease, not initially, as found in the adult cases reviewed in the literature. Method: Measurements were taken at different stages over an 18-month period to determine the impact of medication and fatigue. Tests for near vision, accommodation, convergence, bar reading and near deviation were performed. Results: All measurements were reduced and further affected by fatigue with the exception of the size of the near deviation. The patient was symptom-free by 15 weeks post onset. Eighteen months later the patient remained symptom-free with all measurements normal with the exception of accommodation, which remained below normal and affected by fatigue after reading. Conclusion: This single case highlights the occurrence of smooth muscle involvement in MG and its debilitating effect. It is recommended that testing of accommodation function becomes standard practice in patients with MG and the use of additional plus lenses considered if required.
Stage II of Chronic Kidney Disease—A Tipping Point in Disease Progression?

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the progressive loss of renal function. Although advances have been made in understanding the progression of CKD, key molecular events in complex pathophysiological mechanisms that mark each stage of renal failure remain largely unknown. Changes in plasma protein profiles in different disease stages are important for identification of early diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets. The goal of this study was to determine the molecular profile of each CKD stage (from 1 to 5), aiming to specifically point out markedly expressed or downregulated proteins. We performed a cross-sectional shotgun-proteomic study of pooled plasma across CKD stages and compared them to healthy controls. After sample pooling and heparin-column purification we analysed proteomes from healthy to CKD stage 1 through 5 participants’ plasma by liquid-chromatography/mass-spectrometry. We identified 453 proteins across all study groups. Our results indicate that key events, which may later affect the course of disease progression and the overall pathophysiological background, are most pronounced in CKD stage 2, with an emphasis on inflammation, lipoprotein metabolism, angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. We hypothesize that CKD stage 2 is the tipping point in disease progression and a suitable point in disease course for the development of therapeutic solutions.
Testing Topical Products Specifically to Reduce Inflammatory Pain from Gout: Transdermal NSAID Delivery and Monosodium Urate Solubility

Purpose Gout is caused by crystals of monosodium urate (MSU) in the joints. Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug products (NSAIDs) are often the first-choice immediate treatment. This study examined the effect of commercially available and newly developed transdermal NSAID products on the solubility of MSU in a physiologically relevant system, alongside the efficacy of transdermal NSAID delivery. Materials and Methods Drug permeability of 7 commercially available topical NSAID products, alongside 3 newly developed “Gout Buster” products, was evaluated in vitro using pig’s ear skin in Franz diffusion cells. The standard Franz cell experimental protocol was adapted to include assessment of MSU solubility in phosphate buffered saline for each product. Some materials were also tested via direct solubility studies. Results The amount of drug delivered transdermally varied significantly between different formulations, with the best ibuprofen delivery being ~5 times higher than the lowest, and best diclofenac delivery being ~3.5 times higher than the lowest. Changes in formulations and the drug concentration in the product both affected the amount of drug delivered. Overall ibuprofen permeation was higher than diclofenac. The commercially available products showed little or no effect on the MSU solubility (99–103% vs control). The Gout Buster products showed significant improvement in the MSU solubility after permeation through skin (120–126%). Increased sodium levels reduced the solubility of MSU in direct solubility studies. Conclusion In these trials, the Gout Buster products showed significantly improved permeation of both ibuprofen and diclofenac over the commercial products at similar drug concentrations, and showed significant improvement for MSU solubility. Increased sodium levels reduced the solubility of MSU and could cause more crystallisation in vivo. Therefore, topical NSAID products with the Gout Buster formulation may have the best likelihood of both reducing inflammation and helping re-dissolve the MSU crystals that cause gout.
Priming with a Combination of FGF2 and HGF Restores the Impaired Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Classical aging-associated diseases include osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, and arthritis. Osteoporosis causes the bone to become brittle, increasing fracture risk. Among the various treatments for fractures, stem cell transplantation is currently in the spotlight. Poor paracrine/differentiation capacity, owing to donor age or clinical history, limits efficacy. Lower levels of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are involved in cell repopulation, angiogenesis, and bone formation in the elderly ADSCs (ADSC-E) than in the young ADSCs (ADSC-Y). Here, we study the effect of FGF2/HGF priming on the osteogenic potential of ADSC-E, determined by calcium deposition in vitro and ectopic bone formation in vivo. Age-induced FGF2/HGF deficiency was confirmed in ADSCs, and their supplementation enhanced the osteogenic differentiation ability of ADSC-E. Priming with FGF2/HGF caused an early shift of expression of osteogenic markers, including Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), osterix, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) during osteogenic differentiation. FGF2/HGF priming also created an environment favorable to osteogenesis by facilitating the secretion of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Bone tissue of ADSC-E origin was observed in mice transplanted with FGF/HGF-primed ADSC-E. Collectively, FGF2/HGF priming could enhance the bone-forming capacity in ADSC-E. Therefore, growth factor-mediated cellular priming can enhance ADSC differentiation in bone diseases and thus contributes to the increased efficacy in vivo.
Noise Filtering Method of Digital Holographic Microscopy for Obtaining an Accurate Three-Dimensional Profile of Object Using a Windowed Sideband Array (WiSA)

In the image processing method of digital holographic microscopy (DHM), we can obtain a phase information of an object by windowing a sideband in Fourier domain and taking inverse Fourier transform. In this method, it is necessary to window a wide sideband to obtain detailed information on the object. However, since the information of the DC spectrum is widely distributed over the entire range from the center of Fourier domain, the window sideband includes not only phase information but also DC information. For this reason, research on acquiring only the phase information of an object without noise in digital holography is a challenging issue for many researchers. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the use of a windowed sideband array (WiSA) as an image processing method to obtain an accurate three-dimensional (3D) profile of an object without noise in DHM. The proposed method does not affect the neighbor pixels of the filtered pixel but removes noise while maintaining the detail of the object. Thus, a more accurate 3D profile can be obtained compared with the conventional filter. In this paper, we create an ideal comparison target i.e., microspheres for comparison, and verify the effect of the filter through additional experiments using red blood cells.
Studies of Infinite Two-Dimensional Quantum Lattice Systems with Projected Entangled Pair States

Determining the properties of quantum many-body systems is a central challenge in modern physics. Being able to determine the macroscopic properties of a system from its microscopic description would hasten progress in many fields of science and technology. However, we currently lack the tools to solve such problems generally, or even to develop a theoretical intuition about how many systems might behave. From a simple Hamiltonian description of the system, one may obtain complex, highly correlated collective behaviour. Computational techniques have played a major part in the effort to determine properties of quantum many-body systems. However, as the total degrees of freedom in the system scales exponentially in the system size, numerical diagonalization of the Hamiltonian quickly becomes computationally intractable and one must develop more efficient approximate techniques to explore the system. Present numerical methods such as quantum Monte Carlo and series expansion have provided insight into many systems of interest, but are also held back by fundamental difficulties. In this thesis, we focus on tensor networks, a relatively new ansatz for representing quantum many-body states. Tensor networks are motivated by two ideas from quantum information: firstly, that quantum entanglement is the source of the immense difficulty of simulating quantum systems classically, and secondly that the ground states of certain Hamiltonians exist in a low-entanglement region of the entire Hilbert space. The strength of tensor networks is that they provide a systematic way of representing this class of low-entanglement quantum states. In particular, this thesis describes the iPEPS algorithm for computing the ground states of infinite, two-dimensional quantum lattice systems based on the Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) ansatz. We then benchmark the algorithm by computing the phase diagrams of several systems that have been studied with other techniques. Lastly, we apply our algorithm to problems that are not well solved by current approaches, such as frustrated spin systems.
Periglacial landforms of Dartmoor: an automated mapping approach to characterizing cold climate geomorphology

ABSTRACT A systematic mapping approach characterizes Dartmoor periglacial landform signatures using the geomorphology of nine summit areas displaying well developed tor and blockfield landforms. This combines manual vectorisation with automatic classification and surface boulder identification, using spectral signatures to reveal patterns and distribution. Tors were classified using a three-fold scheme: T0 - summits with no tors; T1 - summits with castellated and high relief tors; T2 - summits with subdued or low relief tors. Clitter (blockfield and blockstream) features identified by automated mapping include boulder lobes and stripes and boulder-fronted lobes and terraces, arranged according to distance downslope from parent tors. This zonation of periglacial landforms is proposed as a landsystem signature for areas exposed to periglacial and permafrost processes for significant time during the Quaternary. It represents a process-form regime in which cold climate processes, acting on partially deeply weathered and pneumatolysised granite, produce castellated tors, cryoplanation benches and autochthonous blockfield (clitter), and permafrost creep develops boulder lobes that elongate and evolve downslope as allochthonous blockslopes with boulder stripes and boulder-fronted lobes and terraces. This demonstrates that automated mapping can be applied to areas of upland periglacial landforms to rapidly and systematically compile quantifiable patterns of landform assemblages.
Infrapatellar Fat Pad-Synovial Membrane Anatomo-Fuctional Unit: Microscopic Basis for Piezo1/2 Mechanosensors Involvement in Osteoarthritis Pain

The Infrapatellar Fat Pad (IFP) is a fibro-adipose tissue of the knee recently reconsidered as part of a single anatomo-functional unit (AFU) together with the synovial membrane (SM). Several evidence support the role of this unit in the mechanisms that trigger and perpetuate the onset and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) disease. Additionally, the contribution of IFP-SM AFU in OA-associated pain has also been supposed, but this assumption still needs to be fully elucidated. Within this context, the recent discovery of the mechanoceptive Piezo ion channels (i.e., Piezo1 and Piezo2) in mammals and consciousness on their role in mediating both mechanoceptive and inflammatory stimuli could shed some light on knee OA pain, as well as on the process leading from acute to chronic nociceptive responses. For this purpose, the IFP-SM AFUs of both healthy donors (non-OA IFP-SM AFUs, n = 10) and OA patients (OA IFP-SM AFUs, n = 10) were processed by histology and immunohistochemistry. After the attribution of a histopathological score to IFP-SM AFUs to confirm intrinsic differences between the two groups, the specimens were investigated for the expression and localization/distribution pattern of the mechanosensors Piezo1 and Piezo2. In addition, the presence of monocytes/macrophages (CD68), peripheral nerve endings (PGP9.5) and neoangiogenesis signs (YAP1) was evaluated for a broad tissue characterization. The study results lead to a better description of the IFP-SM AFU microscopic features in both healthy and pathological conditions, highlighting peculiar differences in the study cohort. Specifically, immunopositivity towards Piezo1/2, CD68 and YAP1 markers was detected at vessels level in the OA- IFP-SM AFUs compartments, differently from the non-OA-group. A correlation with pain was also inferred, paving the way for the identification of new and effective molecules in OA management.
Research on the Impact of Heterogeneous Beliefs and Investor Sentiment on the Stock Returns

: Traditional financial theories assume that investors are completely rational and have homogeneous expectations. In fact, this assumption is difficult to satisfy. In China's stock market dominated by retail investors, the behavior of investors has a significant impact on stock returns. Therefore, this paper studies the impact of heterogeneous beliefs and investor sentiment on stock returns, both of which are important investor characteristics. Firstly, this paper reviews the existing research, analyzes the impact of heterogeneous beliefs and investor sentiment on stock returns, as well as the interaction between them, and puts forward research hypotheses. Then, taking February 2011 to December 2020 as the sample interval, taking China's A-share stock as the sample, it selects the monthly turnover rate as the variable to measure the heterogeneous beliefs, and selects four indicators of closed-end fund discount, turnover rate, number of newly opened accounts and consumer confidence index to construct the investor sentiment index by principal component analysis. It establishes a multiple linear regression model and uses group analysis, cross-sectional regression analysis and other methods for empirical test. The result shows that, in China's stock market, heterogeneous beliefs among investors will have a significant negative impact on stock returns, and this negative impact is particularly prominent in the period of low investor sentiment.
English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Identity and Motivation: The Role of Mindfulness

Teaching is a career with a high rate of anxiety and burnout in all phases of teaching with specific challenges related to the feature of language education. The concept of motivation can be an important basic mechanism since educators who are not motivated are distressed because of the anxious characteristic of the education profession. Moreover, educator identity is a new issue that has built a perspective to examine educators’ growth by thinking about who they are as well as how they perform what they perform in a specific situation. Recently, programs that are based on mindfulness are known as efficient interventions enhancing motivation and decreasing tension in people. Given the prominence of mindfulness in educational settings and its neglected role in foreign language learning, the contemporary review attempts to inspect the function of mindfulness on English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ motivation and identity. Subsequently, some pedagogical recommendations for the educational representatives such as teachers and teacher trainers are offered.
Prognostic value of computed tomography derived skeletal muscle mass index in lung cancer: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND The prognostic role of the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) derived from computed tomography (CT) imaging been well verified in several types of cancers. However, whether the SMI could serve as a reliable and valuable predictor of long-term survival in lung cancer patients remains unclear. AIM To identify the prognostic value of the CT-derived SMI in lung cancer patients. METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase electronic databases were searched up to November 5, 2021 for relevant studies. The Reference Citation Analysis databases were used during the literature searching and selection. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association of the SMI with the overall survival (OS) of lung cancer patients. All statistical analyses were performed with STATA 12.0 software. RESULTS A total of 12 studies involving 3002 patients were included. The pooled results demonstrated that a lower SMI was significantly related to poorer OS (HR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.11-1.37, P < 0.001). In addition, the subgroup analyses stratified by treatment (nonsurgery vs surgery), tumor stage (advanced stage vs early stage), and tumor type (non-small cell lung cancer vs lung cancer) showed similar results. CONCLUSION The CT-derived SMI is a novel and valuable prognostic indicator in lung cancer and might contribute to the clinical management and treatment of lung cancer patients.
Efficacy, prognosis and safety analysis of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor rechallenge in advanced lung cancer patients: a cohort study

Background The rechallenge of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is now an optional strategy for patients who discontinued ICI due to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) or disease progression. However, little data is available for the prognosis and prognostic factors of patients receiving ICI rechallenge treatment in advanced lung cancer patients. Our study aimed to explore the efficacy, prognosis and safety of patients who received anti-programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitor rechallenge. Methods In our retrospective cohort study, data of advanced lung cancer patients who received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and discontinued due to irAEs or disease progression were collected from December 2016 to August 2021. Enrolled patients were categorized into two groups: rechallenge group (R group) and non-rechallenge group (NR group). Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR) and safety data were analyzed. Cox model and subgroup analysis were analyzed according to baseline characteristics, ICI type, the reason for discontinuing ICI, etc. According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), evaluation was performed routinely every 6–8 weeks after initiating treatment with the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. The last follow-up in the study was on September 20, 2021. Results Eighty-one patients who met our inclusion criteria were enrolled. In the whole cohort, the R group achieved better OS than the NR group [hazard ratio (HR) =0.176; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.065–0.477; P=0.001). In the irAEs group, the survival analyses showed a trend toward improved OS in the rechallenge subgroup (HR =0.287; 95% CI: 0.081–1.025; P=0.055), and a promising DCR of 75% after an ICI rechallenge. Additionally, the exploration of safety outcomes indicated an acceptable recurrence rate (22.5%) of irAEs and an early onset of irAEs after an ICI rechallenge. In the disease progression group, the rechallenge subgroup did not improve OS (HR =0.214; 95% CI: 0.027–1.695; P=0.144), and the DCR of the rechallenge subgroup was 40% after ICI rechallenge. Conclusions ICI rechallenge might be an attractive option for patients who discontinue treatment due to irAEs. For patients with disease progression, further research should be conducted. The recurrence of irAEs and their early onset during the second round of ICI should be considered.