Nutritional Status in Patients with Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease ( COPD )-Review

This article considers the association of respiratory disease and nutritional status, the determinants of appropriate nutritional support in respiratory disease, the use of enteral nutritional support opposite of malnutrition, and disorders due to malnutrition and finally nutritional support in them. Nutrition is an important aspect of patient care in any patient with respiratory disease special in COPD. Malnutrition adversely effects lung function by diminishing respiratory muscle strength, altering Ventilatory capacity, and impairing immune function. Repletion of altered nutritional status or refeeding results in improvement of altered function and may be important in improving outcome. Unfortunately, as with any therapy, complications of nutritional support exist. Those complications presenting special problems to the patient with respiratory disease are nutritionally related hypercapnia and aspiration of enteral feedings. Although patients with a variety of respiratory diagnoses are appropriate targets for this discussion, the article will deal largely with patients with COPD, as this is the respiratory disease most commonly studied and COPD patients that need to nutrition support aged 40 75 years, consecutively admitted and hospitalized and mean body weight for males was 50.03 ± 9.23 kg and females were 47.66 ± 4.04 kg. Considering the usual weight of them, it was observed that the present body weights of patients were significantly decreased during of time of they have malnutrition and without of nutrition support. General principles involved in the nutritional care of the COPD patient can be applied to patients with other respiratory diagnoses. Currently, there is confusion about the value of using nutritional support to treat malnutrition and improve functional outcomes in COPD. A person’s nutritional status can influence the degree of severity of COPD, and COPD can create circumstances that make consuming an adequate diet difficult. Food is the fuel that provides your body with the energy it needs to perform all activities. People with COPD use more energy breathing and therefore need more food (sometimes up to 10 times the calories). Unfortunately, eating more food makes you have more trouble breathing because of the amount of food in your stomach. Losing too much weight will make you tired and weak and will make you more likely to get an infection. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by progressive and partially reversible airway obstruction. The innumerable complications that occur during the progression of the disease can affect the nutritional state of patients suffering from this illness. Malnutrition is associated with a poor prognosis for patients with COPD, since it predisposes such patients to infections, as well as reducing respiratory muscle force, exercise tolerance and quality of life. Despite the fact that such malnutrition is extremely common in COPD patients, it should be recognized as an independent risk factor, since it can be modified through appropriate and efficacious diet therapy and monitoring. For patients with COPD, nutrition therapy is initiated after the evaluation of the nutritional state of the patient, which identifies nutritional risk, thereby allowing the proper level of treatment to be established.