Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Performance of Combustion in a HCCI Engine Using n-Heptane by a Multi-Zone Model

A study of n-heptane combustion in an HCCI engine was carried out by a multi-zone numerical simulation that covers a complete engine cycle. A reaction mechanism that includes 177 chemical species and 1638 reactions was used. The results of the numerical simulations were compared to existing experimental data for a range of air/fuel ratios, compression ratios and engine speeds. It is shown that the numerical simulation is able to reasonably capture the experimental cylinder pressure data over a wide range of operation conditions. It also provides a qualitative trend of CO emissions. The numerical simulation overpredicted the combustion at some operating conditions, such as at extremely high air/fuel ratios and higher engine speeds. Some differences were observed between the experimental and numerical data for NOX emissions. The numerical simulation predicted a monotonic decrease in NOX emissions as air/fuel ratio increased or compression ratio decreased, while an increase in NOX emissions was observed experimentally when combustion became very weak at extremely high air/fuel ratios or low compression ratios. It is suggested that further experiments and numerical simulations should be performed to explain this discrepancy. © 2009 ASME
Police Perceptions of Police-Involved Overdose Outreach Program Effectiveness

This study surveys police officers from three New England states to examine the perceptions officers hold toward the effectiveness of police-involved overdose outreach programs, the variables that serve as significant predictors for perceptions of program effectiveness, and the extent to which attribution theory can explain these perceptions. The majority of officers displayed positive perceptions of program effectiveness, and eight significant predictors were identified, including attribution theory which showed significance in explaining why police officers perceive these programs as effective. As an increasing number of police departments take a service-centered approach to working with individuals with substance use disorder, police-involved overdose outreach programs are becoming more commonplace. From the results of this study, practitioners are able to identify variables that predict officers’ views of program effectiveness. Equipped with this knowledge, increasing the support of these related concepts will help to subsequently increase the likelihood of officers viewing these programs as effective.
Organization capital, knowledge spillover and firm performance: evidence from chinese manufacturing sector

ABSTRACT This study explores organization capital and its spillover effects among Chinese manufacturing firms. By linking patent data with China’s annual survey of industrial enterprises database, we examine technological proximity as one potential channel for organizational spillover but find weak evidence. This result is consistent with previous findings from developed countries. In contrast, organization capital is found to generate positive spillover in China when geographical proximity is considered. In other words, it is found that spillover from organization capital is likely among Chinese firms due to geographical proximity rather than technological proximity.
The disparities in Chinese urban and rural household savings rates

Abstract This paper attempts to investigate the opposing trends in Chinese urban and rural household savings rates observed in the micro data during the period 1995-2013. Using the Chinese Household Income Project Survey (CHIPS) data, we find that the average urban household savings rate has consistently risen while the average rural household savings rate has gone the opposite direction during the same period. Using a variant of Deaton-Paxson decomposition analysis, we find that urban and rural households displayed vastly different life-cycle savings rate profiles. Results from the median regression and Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition suggest that the increasing urban savings rate can be explained by the continuously rising household income and increased precautionary savings for health shocks, whereas the shifts in household characteristics examined were not able to account for the decrease in rural household savings rate. The urban-rural savings disparities can be fully explained by the urban-rural income gap.
The Level of Care Needs of Patients With Cancer and the Time-dependent Burden on Their Family Caregivers in Home Palliative Care: A Cross-Sectional Study

PurposeAlthough home care improves patients' quality of life (QOL), several studies have suggested that home care lowers the QOL and mortality of family caregivers. To alleviate the deleterious impact of home care on caregivers, the major burdens on caregivers and the clinical characteristics of the caregivers vulnerable to the major burden needs to be clarified. MethodA survey questionnaire was distributed to 710 family caregivers of patients with cancer in Japan, and 342 valid responses were obtained (valid response rate: 48.2%). The Burden Index of Caregivers was used to identify the major burden on caregivers. To assess the associations of the patients' care needs level and other clinically relevant factors with the major burden, a multivariable-adjusted logistic regression model was used. ResultsThe time-dependent burden was identified as a major burden. An adjusted model showed a non-linear association between the care needs level and the time-dependent burden, in which the caregivers of the patients who required moderate care needs level had the highest time-dependent burden [adjusted odds ratio of none, mild, moderate, and severe care needs levels: 0.50 (95% confidence interval 0.07–2.12), 1.08 (0.43–2.57), 1.87 (1.01–3.52), and 1.00 (reference), respectively]. Additionally, older patients and younger caregivers were significantly associated with a time-dependent burden. ConclusionThe time-dependent burden was highest in caregivers at the moderate care needs level and younger caregivers. An imbalance between the demand and supply of care services may be improved by considering the clinical characteristics of both patients and caregivers.
Multi-Drug Resistance Genes associated with Some Gram-Negative Bacterial Isolated from Shellfish in Iko and Douglas River Estuaries in Nigeria

Science Technology Department, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua, Nigeria World Health Organization Nigeria Country Office, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria Microbiology Department, Akwa-Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, China Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria
Enhancing the tellability of death-row exoneree narratives: Exploring the role of rhetoric

Individuals make sense of experience through telling stories they hope others will hear. To establish an interpretive connection with their audience, narrators must tell stories that are tellable, conceptualized as engaging but not too socially or emotionally challenging. We analyze the narratives of death-sentenced exoneree activists. When depicting their wrongful convictions, we find exoneree activists convey accepted critiques of criminal justice system processing through familiar tropes that reinforce shared understanding with their audience. When representing their unique suffering and conveying a more critical perspective, exonerees marshal sarcasm, metaphor, and litotes. These rhetorical devices convey irony that encourages listeners to question their assumptions, thereby, enhancing audience receptivity to exonerees’ perspectives. We consider the broader significance of figurative language in narrative representations of justice-system involvement.
Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity of Two-Minute Walk Test in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy

This study explored the test-retest reliability and construct validity of a two-minute walk test in children and adolescents with CP Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I, II, and III. Twenty-six participants with CP (age 11.7 ± 3.9 years) were recruited and were assessed twice with the two-minute walk test to determine the test-retest reliability (interval 2 weeks). Minimal detectable changes (MDC95) were calculated. Construct validity was established by comparing the results of the two- and six-minute walk tests during the first assessment. The test-retest reliability was excellent, with intra-class correlation (ICC) = 0.98 for all participants. The (MDC95) for all participants was 12.7 m. The distance covered by children and adolescents with CP in the two-minute walk test had high correlation (r = 0.9, p < 0.01) with distance covered in the six-minute walk test. The two-minute walk test is a valid and reliable outcome measure to assess walking performance in children and adolescents with CP. HIGHLIGHTS The two-minute walk test has excellent reliability and validity among young people with cerebral palsy The minimal detectable change of two-minute walk test among young people with cerebral palsy was 12.7 m The two-minute walk test had high correlation with the six-minute walk test among young people with cerebral palsy
Fruit Quality Traits and Genotypic Characterization in a Pomegranate Ex Situ (Punica granatum L.) Collection in Greece

Pomegranate is one of the oldest known fruit crops, well adapted to hot and dry areas and successfully grown in Mediterranean countries. During the last two decades, numerous publications have revealed the traditionally known associations between pomegranate consumption and health benefits, which led to increased demand by consumers and expansion in cultivation areas. Pomegranate is well adapted to areas with diverse pedoclimatic conditions and local cultivars could provide an essential source of genes for breeding. In this study, fruit phenotypic and genetic variability, and relationships, were studied in 26 Greek and foreign pomegranate cultivars/accessions grown in an ex situ collection located in Naoussa Greece, using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) molecular markers. Results from the principal component analysis made on fruit phenotypic characters revealed five components that accounted for 74.8% of the total variance, the first being related to skin color parameters and the second to juice antioxidant contents and aril color. Clustering from phenotypic data allocated individuals into four clusters. A total of 184 bands were generated for all markers applied across the 26 pomegranate cultivars/accessions, with an average of 77 bands per ISSR markers and 82 bands for SCoT markers. Low variability in the phenotypic and genotypic level was indicated; nevertheless, results from the association study between phenotypic traits and molecular markers that were obtained using Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) could prove valuable for marker-assisted breeding programs, especially from SCoT markers that were found to be strongly or averagely associated with the morphological traits and chemical components.
Surgical management for inferior turbinate hypertrophy: a narrative review

Inferior turbinate hypertrophy can lead to bothersome symptoms of the nose. Inferior turbinate reduction has to be treated surgically for cases, which are refractory to medical treatment. Plethora of surgical techniques have evolved over the recent years to surgically treat inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Yet, there remains a lack of consensus on optimal surgical technique or a cumulative study on the merits and demerits of the surgical procedures performed. The aim of the study was to review 26 articles from time period of January 2000 to January 2021 studied on surgical techniques of turbinate reduction. On reviewing the studies, it was noted that conventional turbinectomy techniques were not preferred by surgeons to avoid chances of severe complications and hence more studies on newer advanced techniques were noted. Among the newer techniques to find an adequate balance between nasal physiology and tissue preservation RFTVR is preferred and is the optimal technique owing to its minimal invasion, performance ease and reduced complications. Most recent studies represent the benefits of RFTVR.
Composition of Color Substances of Hevea Brasiliensis Natural Rubber

Abstract It is accepted that NR gives naturally occurring color, which restrict many applications such as light-color products. Therefore, characterization of color substances presenting in NR is very useful to develop the certain methodology to eliminate them completely or partly from NR in the future. In this work, an attempt was made to purify and characterize the color substances extracted from various fractions of Hevea rubber latex by certain methods, using high-resolution structural characterization techniques. It was found that the content of color substances extracted from fresh latex (FL), rubber cream, bottom fraction (BF), Frey Wyssling (FW) particles and STR 20 were different. Based on the high-resolution spectroscopic analyzes, it was found that the color substances extracted from NR were composed of carotenoids, tocotrienol esters, fatty alcohol esters, tocotrienols, unsaturated fatty acids, fatty alcohols, diglyceride and monoglyceride. The results will be useful for rubber-technologist to.
Customer and tax behaviour: how customer concentration affect suppliers’ tax avoidance

ABSTRACT This study discusses, from the perspective of the supplier-customer relationship, whether and how firms’ customer concentration affects corporate tax avoidance in the context of China. The results indicate that firms with higher customer concentration are more likely to engage in tax avoidance. Higher customer concentration increases firms’ operational risks, and hence, they tend to conduct more aggressive tax activities to meet the increasing demand for internal liquidity. Additionally, we find that the positive association between corporate customer concentration and tax avoidance is stronger in non-state-owned enterprises. Moreover, when firms face more cash flow volatility, less cash holdings, and a poorer external legal environment, aggressive tax activities induced by concentrated customers are more pronounced. Our findings not only extend the growing literature on the consequences of customer concentration for firms, but also provide new evidence on their motivation for corporate tax avoidance, with significant implications for supply chain management and corporate governance.
Gastrodia longiflora (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Gastrodieae), a new mycoheterotrophic species from Ishigaki Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Gastrodia Brown (1810: 330; Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae) is a mycoheterotrophic orchid genus distributed in temperate and tropical regions of Asia, Oceania, Madagascar, and Africa (Cribb et al. 2010, Hsu & Kuo 2010, Suetsugu et al. 2018). It is characterized by fleshy tubers, absence of normal leaves, united sepals and petals and two mealy pollinia without caudicles (Cribb et al. 2010, Hsu & Kuo 2010, Hsu et al. 2012, Suetsugu et al. 2018).
Teaching Critical Vocabulary to Filipino Heritage Language Learners

Engaging in critical dialogues in language classrooms that draw on critical pedagogical perspectives can be challenging for learners because of gaps in communicative resources in their L1 and L2. Since critically oriented classrooms involve discussing social issues, students are expected to deploy “literate talk” to engage in critiquing society and a wide range of texts. Although recent studies have explored teachers’ and students’ engagement with critical materials and critical dialogues, research that explores language development in critical language teaching remains a concern for language teachers. In this paper, I share my experience of fostering language development, specifically the overt teaching of critical vocabulary to students of (Tagalog-based) Filipino language at a university in Hawai’i. Through a discussion of racist stereotypes targeting Filipinos and the impacts of these discourses on students’ lived experiences, the notion of “critical vocabulary” emerges as an important tool for students to articulate the presence of and to dismantle oppressive structures of power, including everyday discourses supporting the status quo. This paper defines critical vocabulary and advances its theoretical and practical contribution to critical language teaching. It also includes students’ perspectives of their language development and ends with pedagogical implications for heritage/world language teachers around the world.
Pengaruh Dana Desa dalam Mengentaskan Kemiskinan Penduduk Desa

Abstract Poverty is synonymous with deficiency and underdevelopment. The current phenomenon is the increasingly rapid flow of urbanization from villages to cities which results in the number of rural residents decreasing, even now, the number is less when compared to the population in urban areas. The result of urbanization has left a group of poor people living in the village, thus statistically increasing the number of poor people in rural areas beyond the number of poor people in urban areas. One of the government's efforts to overcome this problem is the provision of Village Funds, which have been budgeted through the State Budget since 2015. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Village Fund program is sufficiently influential in efforts to alleviate poverty, especially for villagers. The variables used are the amount of village funds and the number of rural poor. The research method used is explanatory research, namely quantitative research using secondary data in the form of village fund reports and data on the rural poor in 2015-2019. In addition, this study uses the SPSS 25 statistical tool. The results of this study indicate that the number of rural poor people can be affected by village funds budgeted in the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget, namely the provision of village funds has a significant negative effect. In other words, the program can reduce the number of rural poor people. Keywords: Urbanization, Poverty, Village Fund Abstrak Kemiskinan identik dengan kekurangan dan keterbelakangan. Fenomena yang ada sekarang ini adalah semakin derasnya arus urbanisasi dari desa ke kota yang mengakibatkan jumlah penduduk desa berkurang, bahkan saat ini jumlahnya lebih sedikit jika dibandingkan dengan jumlah penduduk di wilayah perkotaan. Akibat dari urbanisasi ini meninggalkan sekelompok penduduk miskin yang tetap bermukim di desa, sehingga secara statistik menaikkan jumlah penduduk miskin di wilayah pedesaan melebihi jumlah penduduk miskin di wilayah perkotaan. Salah satu usaha pemerintah mengatasi masalah ini adalah pemberian Dana Desa, yang mulai dianggarkan melalui APBN sejak tahun 2015. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah program Dana Desa cukup berpengaruh dalam usaha mengentaskan kemiskinan khususnya bagi penduduk desa. Variabel yang gunakan adalah jumlah dana desa dan jumlah penduduk miskin pedesaan. Metode penetitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory research yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan dana desa dan data penduduk miskin pedesaan tahun 2015-2019. Selain itu penelitian ini menggunakan alat statistik SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penduduk miskin pedesaan dapat dipengaruhi oleh dana desa yang dianggarkan dalam Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara, yaitu pemberian dana desa berpengaruh negatif signifikan. Dengan kata lain program tersebut dapat mengurangi jumlah penduduk miskin pedesaan. Kata kunci: Urbanisasi, Kemiskinan, Dana Desa
Mechanical and durability properties of steel fiber‐reinforced concrete containing coarse recycled concrete aggregate

The focus of this study is to investigate the effect of using coarse recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) as an alternative material to natural coarse aggregate on the fresh, mechanical and durability behavior of concrete reinforced with steel fiber. Eighteen unique concrete mixes with RCA content of 0%, 50%, and 100% and steel fiber content of 0%, 1%, and 2% were prepared, and tests were performed to study slump, density, compressive and splitting tensile strengths, flexural behavior, surface hardness, surface abrasion resistance, water absorption, and sorptivity of each mix. It is shown that concrete containing RCA has a lower unit weight, compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strength, flexural toughness, surface hardness, and abrasion resistance, and a higher water absorption and sorptivity in comparison with conventional concrete. An increased compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strength, flexural toughness, surface hardness, and abrasion resistance, and a decreased water absorption and sorptivity of concrete with an increased steel fiber content from 1% to 2% is less significant compared to those from 0% to 1%. The results also show that, at RCA content of 50%, incorporating 1% steel fiber develops a concrete mix with similar or even better properties compared to unreinforced conventional concrete. At 100% RCA content, incorporating 2% steel fiber develops a concrete mix with similar properties to unreinforced conventional concrete having water to cement ratio of 0.3, but inferior properties to unreinforced conventional concrete having water to cement ratio of 0.5. These findings indicate that recycled aggregate concrete with similar or even better properties compared to concrete with natural aggregate can be developed through properly designing mixes, providing a great avenue toward the production of green construction material for structural applications.