Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stubborn dollarization: Love for the Dollar and Fear of the Peso

I model financial dollarization in an emerging market -the denomination of household savings and corporate debt in US dollarsas a phenomenon which arises endogenously within a country from the interaction between domestic agents. In the model, the dollar offers households and entrepreneurs a hedge against exchange rate pass-through into prices and income risk. Households have a higher risk aversion and/or stronger hedging motives for wanting to save in dollars. As a result, entrepreneurs issue debt in dollars, cheaper than in local currency, and are exposed to exchange rate risk, while households save in dollars and are insured against this risk in exchange for a lower return. Dollarization then emerges within the country from the risk-sharing of domestic agents, rather than with the developed world. A decrease in the foreign supply of dollars to the country can reinforce the hedging properties of the dollar and increase domestic dollarization. The model can rationalize four empirical facts: first, countries that exhibit high dollarization of domestic savings also exhibit high dollarization of domestic corporate debt; second, higher dollarization is related to a higher pass-through into prices; third, dollarized economies feature a negative correlation of real GDP growth and dollar appreciations; fourth, their local currencies offer a higher risk premium over the dollar. At the household-level, evidence from Uruguay is consistent with the model’s portfolio predictions that indicate that an agent’s dollar demand increases with a higher pass-through into prices and with a stronger negative correlation between their income and dollar appreciations. ∗Harvard University, Department of Economics, 1805 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, gmontamat@g.harvard. edu. I am grateful to Xavier Gabaix, Ken Rogoff and John Campbell for their invaluable guidance and continuous support. I thank for their feedback Pol Antras, Gabriel Chodorow-Reich, Gabriela Cugat, Elhanan Helpman, Gita Gopinath, Emmanuel Farhi, Victoria Ivashina, Taehoon Kim, David Laibson, Matteo Maggiori, Jeremy Stein and Ludwig Straub, and participants at the International, Macro and Finance seminars at Harvard. I am indebted to Andrew Lilley and Elisa Rubbo for their continuous support and feedback throughout the development of this paper.
JANUARY 2020 1 Forecasting grouped time series demand in supply chains 2

6 Demand forecasting is a fundamental component of efficient supply chain management. An accurate 7 demand forecast is required at several different levels of a supply chain network to support the 8 planning and decision-making process in various departments. In this paper, we investigate the 9 performance of bottom-up, top-down and optimal combination forecasting approaches in a supply 10 chain. We first evaluate their forecast performance by means of a simulation study and an empirical 11 investigation in a multi-echelon distribution network from a major European brewery company. For 12 the latter, the grouped time series forecasting structure is designed to support managers’ decisions 13 in manufacturing, marketing, finance and logistics. Then, we examine the forecast accuracy of 14 combining these approaches. Results reveal that forecast combinations produce forecasts than are 15 as accurate as individual approaches. Moreover, we develop a model to analyse the impact of time 16 series characteristics on the effectiveness of each approach. Results provide insights into the 17 interaction among time series characteristics and the performance of these approaches at the 18 bottom level of the hierarchy. Valuable insights are offered to practitioners and the paper closes with 19 final remarks and agenda for further research in this area. 20
( Uncorrected Proof ) Title : Analgesic Effect of Bumetanide on Neuropathic Pain in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

1. Prof. Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, and Tehran, Iran. 2. PhD Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, and Tehran, Iran. 3. PhDAssistant Professor Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. PhD Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 5. Assistant Professor Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 6. Assistant Professor Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, and Tehran, Iran.
Financial Crisis and Impairment Recognition in Non-Financial Assets

Purpose – To analyse the impact of the financial crisis on the recognition of non-financial asset impairments in European listed companies. Theoretical framework – The study explores the impact of the theory of measuring the economic value of non-financial assets on managers’ decisions to recognize impairments, especially in the context of an economic crisis. Design/methodology/approach – Logit and ordinary least squares models were estimated to analyse the probability of recognition and the amount of impairment recognized, respectively, over a 10-year period. Findings – The results show that European companies recognized less impairments during the crisis, including companies in countries that have used external financial aid, suggesting that managers may use impairment recognition as a way of practicing earnings management. Research Practical & Social implications – The results are of interest to several stakeholders, namely: creditors, investors, financial market regulators, entities that prepare and oversee the application of accounting and auditing standards, and ultimately European leaders in terms of structural reforms and investor protection laws. Originality/value – The study contributes to the literature that analyses the impact of the financial crisis on the recognition of impairments in non-financial assets and, in particular, in the context of greater financial fragility. It also contributes to the literature on the use of discretion in the recognition of impairments and earnings management practices. Moreover, it adds to the theoretical debate regarding the principles of measurement in the context of impairment, and how this may affect assessments of the economic values of non-financial assets. Keywords – financial crisis ; European listed companies; non-financial asset impairments; earnings management.
Parent’s Language Policies and Language Attitudes in The Family

As citizens of Indonesian society, we should maintain the nation's culture, one of which is cultural heritage, namely the local language or language of each family in Indonesia. So that we as the nation's successors continue to take part in the maintenance and preservation of cultural heritage as a reflection of our identity as children of the nation. The relationship in which education in the family is the goal of national education so that the role of various parties is needed, such as; Teachers, government, facilities and infrastructure, and parents. The aims to be reached in writing this research are; the family language policy adopted by parents at home; Languages coexist (or lose, or gain) in their family environment; the efforts do parents make in learning and maintaining language in their homes. This study uses direct observation methods on the research subject, namely parents. The observations were made in the realm of the family (at home). The data obtained is in the form of a list of statements in the form of the respondent's characteristics, the respondent's response. Interviews in the form of questions and answers about language attitudes and assessment of language and language maintenance. The family language policy implemented by parents at home is frequent, meaning that based on the above percentage results, the policy regarding the language used by parents at home shows "Often" with an overall average percentage value of 50% or half of the expected 100% reviewed from the aspect of the language policy adopted; Language beliefs or ideologies, language practice, and language management. This indicates that the language policy adopted at home with the "Frequently" family is used. Meanwhile, based on the above percentage results, the attitude of the language used by the parents at home shows "disagree" with the overall average percentage value of 40% or 100% of the expected. Their efforts are to use the local language at home, equip their children with various sources both print and non-print, and stay in touch with local ethnic groups. To maintain the local language properly, there must be good cooperation between parents, schools, local government, and the community
DIGITAL COMPETENCE OF UNIVERSITY TEACHERS

В статье предпринята попытка обозначить основную структуру цифровой компетентности преподавателей вузов. С целью определения уровня цифровой компетентности преподавателей, авторами было проведено два онлайн опроса и выявлены проблемы готовности преподавателей к использованию цифровых технологий. The article attempts to outline the basic structure of digital competence of university teachers. In order to determine the level of digital competence of teachers, the authors conducted two online surveys and identified the problems of teachers' readiness to use digital technologies.
Association between HBV, HCV, HIV and ABO Among Blood Donors in Baqubah City, Iraq

Background: Blood borne transmitted diseases are a major public health problem worldwide, which has asignificant socioeconomic impact, especially in developing countries.Objectives: To determine the infection rate of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiencyvirus among blood donors attended to Blood Bunk in Baqubah City, Diyala, Iraq.Patients and Methods: Cross sectional study which conducted at Blood Bunk in Baqubah City. All datapresented in this paper were collected from blood donors, males 2729 and females 71; they’re aged from17-62 years; during the period from 1st July 2018 till 1st October 2018. Blood samples were collected fromall participants then analyzed by use different enzyme linked immunosorrbent assay (ELISA) kits.Results: High frequency of HBsAg (13.82%) was noticed in this study followed by HCV and HIV 9.25%and 0.61% respectively. Infection in males more than females, and most positive HBV, HIV were in theage group 17-37 years and HCV in age group 38-57 years. Blood group O+ve individuals were commonlyinfected with HBV, 188 (48.58%), HCV 12(52.85%) and HIV, 3(37.5%) as compared with all other bloodgroup donors, followed by another percentage regarding others, blood group B+ve individuals werecommonly infected with HBV 97 (25.07%) after blood group O+ve. Blood group A+ve individuals werecommonly infected with HCV 9 (32.15%) after blood group O+ve. While, HIV is an equal number reportedin A+ve and B+ve blood group individuals. Low percentage was noticed to blood group AB+ve. However,higher number of Rh D positive donors than Rh D negativeConclusions: There were association between viral infections (HBV, HCV, HIV) and blood group of donors,infections with HBV were more than other viruses and common in males and age group (17-37) years.
A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CULTURAL INERTIA ON STUDYNET/CANVAS USE IN TEACHING AND LEARNING AT A POST-92 UNIVERSITY

Since this line of inquiry is underrepresented in the literature on technology adoption, this study investigates the effect of inertia on technology usage and acceptance in Higher Education institutions. The paper considers the benefits and drawbacks of using technology, especially studynet/canvas and its effect on teaching and learning, as well as why some people embrace technology more slowly than others. The researcher used open-ended questions to assess the views of UH academics and students on a variety of topics, including self-efficacy, for example, self-confidence and self-belief in ones ability to master new technology compatibility instructor effectiveness and facilitating conditions and then analysed their overall influence on teaching and learning, especially in relation to technology use, adoption and acceptance in HEIs. The researcher discovered that users have a high level of self-efficacy, and compatibility has also been suggested to play a significant role in user adoption of the platform.
MICROPARTICLES AS A PREDICTIVE BIOMARKER IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Background: Microparticles are small vesicles, between 0.1 and 1 μm in diameter. There are found in low concentrations in the plasma under physiological conditions and increased in pathological conditions. Objective: To find the correlation between circulating microparticles levels and thrombotic burden in acute myocardial infarction. Patients and methods: The study was conducted on 86 patients presented with acute myocardial infarction with ST-elevation, to the emergency Department at Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital from September 1st 2019 till February 28th 2020. They were compared with 14 healthy individuals with identical demographic characteristics not suffering from any disease. Serum microparticles (CD41a) & (CD62E) and serum CKMB, troponin I, AST, and creatinine levels were measured in both groups. Results: There were significant elevation of all parameters cardiac marker, CD41, and CD62E levels were observed in all patients of STEMI patients compared to the control group (p=<0.001). Conclusion: In STEMI patients, the serum CD41a and CD62E levels rise due to their property as proinflammatory and thrombtic CD41 & CD62E can be used as a predictor of STEMI.
Exploring the quality performance implications of temporary workers: the importance of process capabilities

The current pandemic with its associated economic downturn has intensified the pressures on companies to produce quality offerings with an increased pressure on cost controls. Across industries companies have reduced their costs by enhancing their ability to operate flexibly, through increasing the use of temporary workers. However, such a reliance on temporary workers is generally associated with deteriorating quality. In order to untangle the relationship between quality and temporary workers we address the following research questions: (1) What are the quality performance implications of employing temporary workers? and (2) Can process capabilities eliminate the potential quality performance deterioration that are due to temporary workers? Process capabilities are conceptualised through the plant’s level of of-the-art manufacturing processes technology. To address our research questions, we utilise survey data collected through the Global Manufacturing Research Group. The results suggest that an increased usage of temporary workers significantly increases reject rates and customer returns. Furthermore, we identified that managers cannot rely on their processes to safeguard them from quality performance deterioration, when employing temporary workers.
Impact, Hardness and Fracture Morphology of Aluminium Alloy (Al-Si) filled Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles at Various Stir Casting Temperatures

The automotive and aviation fields require engineering materials that can save and optimise fuel consumption. Unique characteristics of lightweight, higher strength to weight ratio, good corrosion resistance, and good castability are indispensable for castable metal such as Silicon Aluminium (Al-Si). The mechanical properties of Al-Si could be further improved through the addition of Cobalt Oxide (CoO) nanoparticles during the casting process. The importance and purpose of this study were to determine the impact toughness, hardness and fracture morphology of Al-Si metal alloy filled with 0.015 wt. % CoO nanofiller at the various melting temperature of 750 °C, 800 °C and 850 °C. The stir casting method was utilised considering the most appropriate method for mixing nanoparticles powder into the Al-Si matrix. Three test specimens were prepared for each temperature variation. Impact testing using the Charpy method (ASTM E23-56 T) and hardness testing using Rockwell Superficial HR15T and fracture morphology obtained from impact testing fractures were performed accordingly. The impact test results showed that the Al-Si added with 0.015% CoO at 800 °C of melting temperature possessed the highest impact toughness value of 25.111 x 10-3 Joule mm-2 than the other variations. The hardness test results showed that Al-Si added 0.015% CoO with a melting temperature of 850 °C had the highest hardness value of 79.52 HR15T. The fracture morphology of the impact test in all specimens shows uniform brittle fracture characteristics. It is found that the melting temperature during the stir-casting process of Al-Si has played a significant role in influencing the resulted properties of Al-Si filled CoO nanoparticles metal matrix composites. The selection of an accurate melting temperature for the stir casting process will affect the resulted properties of produced metal composites.
Teacher Awareness of Trauma Informed Practice: Raising Awareness In Southeast Georgia

While the concept of trauma-informed care has been developed in other fields, its development within the field of Education is relatively new (Thomas, Crosby, & Vanderhaar, 2019), However, as the educational field is becoming more and more aware of this approach, we recognize there is a critical need for teachers and other educational professionals to recognize the symptoms of trauma in students, the associated behaviors of trauma-affected students, and instructional and environmental strategies for addressing these to support student success (trauma informed pedagogy). This paper outlines a study examining the extent to which teachers in the region of southeast Georgia are aware of traumainformed strategies, the theory undergirding the approach, and the resources available to them for addressing issues related to adverse childhood experiences. With participation from over 500 educators in our study, it is clear that there is a strong need to support teachers and provide resources to support traumainformed practice.
Extension and early orogenic inversion along the basal detachment of a hyper-extended rifted margin: an example from the Central Pyrenees (France)

The North Pyrenean Zone inverts remnants of an Aptian–Cenomanian rifting during which subcontinental mantle was exhumed. These remnants contain a synrift HT–LP metamorphic domain, the Internal Metamorphic Zone. New field data, Raman spectroscopy on carbonaceous material data and structural cross-sections constrain the structural and metamorphic relationships between the Internal Metamorphic Zone and the underlying low-grade North Pyrenean Zone. The Internal Metamorphic Zone is a tectonic nappe that overthrusts the European margin along the 3M Fault. Along this contact, the Tuc de Haurades peridotite is surrounded by tectonic breccia composed of ductilely deformed carbonate and sparse lherzolite clasts that passes upward into foliated marbles. Marbles contain top-to-south ductile shear, recording continuing extensional deformation that marks the onset of HT metamorphism. During Early Cretaceous rifting, European Mesozoic sedimentary cover metamorphosed and its base brecciated as it slid basinward on Triassic salt onto exhumed mantle. As the exhumed mantle domain closed during early convergence, the detached metamorphosed cover was transported northward and thrust onto the distal European margin, sampling lherzolite tectonic lenses. This triggered the first tectonic loading on the European plate. This study highlights the role of the Internal Metamorphic Zone in the early Pyrenean orogenic phase and gives new insights into the east–west diversity of structural setting of the North Pyrenean Zone peridotites. Supplementary material: A table with Raman spectroscopy on carbonaceous material temperatures and original and high-quality photographs of the samples are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. c.5539260
Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice

Abstract Artificial Intelligence in higher education (AIED) is becoming a more important research area with increasing developments and application of AI within the wider society. However, as yet AI based tools have not been widely adopted in higher education. As a result there is a lack of sound evidence available on the pedagogical impact of AI for learning and teaching. This conceptual paper thus seeks to bridge the gap and addresses the following question: is artificial intelligence really the new big thing that will revolutionise learning and teaching in higher education? Adopting the technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) framework and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as the theoretical foundations, we argue that Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, at least in their current state of development, do not afford any real new advances for pedagogy in higher education. This is mainly because there does not seem to be valid evidence as to how the use of AI technologies and applications has helped students improve learning, and/or helped tutors make effective pedagogical changes. In addition, the pedagogical affordances of AI have not yet been clearly defined. The challenges that the higher education sector is currently experiencing relating to AI adoption are discussed at three hierarchical levels, namely national, institutional and personal levels. The paper ends with recommendations with regard to accelerating AI use in universities. This includes developing dedicated AI adoption strategies at the institutional level, updating the existing technology infrastructure and up-skilling academic tutors for AI.
Influencing Factors and Prediction Model for the Antierosion Performance of Cement-Improved Loess Compacted Using Different Compaction Methods

To analyze the antierosion performance of cement-improved loess (CIL), several influencing factors have been investigated based on two different compaction methods, which include the quasi-static compaction method (QSCM) and the vertical vibration compaction method (VVCM). Then, a prediction model for the cumulative erosion mass loss (CEML) has been established. The effects of erosion on the strength deterioration of CIL were also studied. The results show that, compared with QSCM, specimens compacted using the VVCM have better antierosion performance. As the cement content and the compaction coefficient are increased by 1%, the antierosion performance is increased by 16% and 6.2%, respectively. The eroding time has a significant effect on the antierosion performance of CIL, and the CEML increases linearly with an increase in the eroding time. The compressive strength of CIL decreases significantly due to erosion, and based on the average deterioration degree of the specimens, the design criteria for strength of CIL are proposed, which can provide reference for the design of CIL.
Judging a book by its cover: investigating consumer responses towards social cue in social media influencer marketing

ABSTRACT The main goal of this research is to examine how social cues embedded in social media may influence people’s perceptions and behavioural intentions towards influencer messages. Findings from an experimental study showed that positive ratings on a YouTube video page, compared to negative ratings, increased consumers’ attitude towards the endorsed products. The effect of rating valence was mediated by consumers’ perceived manipulative intent of the messages, and moderated by the sponsorship nature of the influencer message. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.