Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of Red Meat Usual Intake with Serum Ferritin and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adults: A Longitudinal Study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Objective The present study aimed to investigate the association of red meat usual intake with metabolic syndrome (MetS), and explore the contribution of red meat usual intake to serum ferritin. Methods Based on the data from the longitudinal China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), 2,797 healthy adults aged 18-75 years without hypertension, diabetes, and MetS were selected in 2009 as subjects and follow-up studies were carried out till 2015. We used the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method to estimate the usual intake of foods. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the association between red meat usual intake and the risk of MetS. Quantile regression analysis was used to study the relationship between red meat consumption and serum ferritin levels. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, red meat, and fresh red meat were positively associated with the risk of MetS ( RR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.90 and RR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.02-1.85, respectively). These relationships showed increasing trend ( P < 0.05). The level of serum ferritin increased significantly with the number of MetS components ( P < 0.05). The quantile regression analysis showed that red meat and fresh red meat usual intake had a significant positive association with serum ferritin levels across the entire conditional serum ferritin distribution ( P < 0.05). Processed red meat did not exhibit a similar association. Conclusion Higher red meat usual intake was associated with an increased risk of MetS and elevated serum ferritin levels.
The treatment of acute agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: investigational drugs in early stages of their clinical development, and their clinical context and potential place in therapy

ABSTRACT Introduction Acute agitation in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder may require pharmacologic management. Ideal medication characteristics for this indication include rapid onset, minimal side effects, and noninvasive administration techniques. Areas Covered This review summarizes investigational agents in early clinical development for the management of acute agitation in patients with psychosis or mania; it also assesses where these agents may fit with current therapies to provide a clinical perspective. The authors conducted a broad search of clinicaltrials.gov to identify investigational agents for agitation or aggression in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Two medications met the search criteria: dexmedetomidine film (BXCL501) and intranasal olanzapine (INP105). Expert Opinion Olanzapine is a well-known molecular entity in the psychiatric armamentarium but dexmedetomidine would be a new and unfamiliar agent for mental health providers. Nonetheless, although it is too early to make definitive statements about tolerability and efficacy, their unique administration mechanisms suggest that dexmedetomidine film and intranasal olanzapine may become valuable options for the rapid management of acute agitation in patients who are willing to cooperate with medication therapy.
Targeting cognitive function: Development of a cognitive training intervention for diabetes.

AIM The aim of this project was to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a comprehensive cognitive training intervention to build self-efficacy for implementation of cognitive strategies in people with diabetes. BACKGROUND People with diabetes are at greater risk than the general population for developing cognitive dysfunction. Some attention has been paid to the effect of cognitive impairments on diabetes self-management, but even when cognitive problems have been identified, few interventions have been tailored for those with diabetes. METHODS The intervention combines in-person classes and home-based online computer training. Development, in 2017, included (a) adaptation of prior established, tested interventions; (b) interviews with stakeholders; and (c) integration of course content. RESULTS Information provided by the stakeholders was used to modify an existing intervention to meet the needs of people with diabetes so that feasibility testing could occur. Despite initial difficulty with recruitment, the intervention was found to be feasible, and nineteen participants found it to be acceptable. CONCLUSION This comprehensive cognitive training intervention targeting type 2 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction demonstrates that existing interventions can be adapted for use with people with diabetes.
The effect of bone morphogenetic protein 2 composite materials combined with cannulated screws in treatment of acute displaced femoral neck fractures

Abstract The risk of avascular necrosis (AVN) and nonunion after treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures is increased in patients aged <60 years. Therefore we established a new protocol for closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) using cannulated screws combined with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) composite materials to treat acute femoral neck fractures. This study enrolled 78 patients with acute femoral neck fractures between April 2014 and September 2016. We treated 46 patients with a mean age of 43.8 years in study group. These patients were treated by CRIF combined with BMP-2 composite materials. In control group, there were 32 patients with a mean age of 42.09 years. The patients were treated by CRIF without BMP-2. The duration between presentation and surgery, operative time, Harris score and complications were recorded. In study group, 43 patients were followed up with an average of 31.3 months. One patient suffered nonunion and three patients presented AVN. In control group, 28 patients were followed up with an average of 32.3 months, the rate of AVN and fracture nonunion were 25% (7/28) and 21.4% (6/28) respectively, significantly higher than those in study group (P < .05). Acute displaced femoral neck fractures can be treated with CRIF and BMP-2 composite materials in a minimally invasive manner. This technique was reproducible and had fewer complications.
[Facing the pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus infections: the pediatric perspectives].

自2019年12月中旬以来，武汉市暴发新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎流行，疫情很快扩散到全国各地以及境外国家，形势严峻。 在本次重大突发疫情中，儿童确诊病例数占比很小，但随着疫情高峰及更多地区开展病原检测，儿童感染例数有较明显增多趋势，应予以高度重视。 本文将从儿科医生的角度，重点就儿童病例的流行病学特征与防控措施、临床疾病特点与转归、诊断标准及治疗等方面进行讨论，并提出相应建议。
The Unfolded Protein Response: A Novel Therapeutic Target in Acute Leukemias

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an evolutionarily conserved adaptive response triggered by the stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) due, among other causes, to altered cell protein homeostasis (proteostasis). UPR is mediated by three main sensors, protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6α), and inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α). Given that proteostasis is frequently disregulated in cancer, UPR is emerging as a critical signaling network in controlling the survival, selection, and adaptation of a variety of neoplasias, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and glioblastoma. Indeed, cancer cells can escape from the apoptotic pathways elicited by ER stress by switching UPR into a prosurvival mechanism instead of cell death. Although most of the studies on UPR focused on solid tumors, this intricate network plays a critical role in hematological malignancies, and especially in multiple myeloma (MM), where treatment with proteasome inhibitors induce the accumulation of unfolded proteins that severely perturb proteostasis, thereby leading to ER stress, and, eventually, to apoptosis. However, UPR is emerging as a key player also in acute leukemias, where recent evidence points to the likelihood that targeting UPR-driven prosurvival pathways could represent a novel therapeutic strategy. In this review, we focus on the oncogene-specific regulation of individual UPR signaling arms, and we provide an updated outline of the genetic, biochemical, and preclinical therapeutic findings that support UPR as a relevant, novel target in acute leukemias.
Acute redistribution of regional left ventricular work by cardiac resynchronization therapy determines long-term remodelling.

AIMS Investigating the acute impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on regional myocardial work distribution in the left ventricle (LV) and to which extent it is related to long-term reverse remodelling. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred and thirty heart failure patients, referred for CRT implantation, were recruited in our prospective multicentre study. Regional myocardial work was calculated from non-invasive segmental stress-strain loop area before and immediately after CRT. The magnitude of volumetric reverse remodelling was determined from the change in LV end-systolic volume, 11 ± 2 months after implantation. CRT caused acute redistribution of myocardial work across the LV, with an increase in septal work, and decrease in LV lateral wall work (all P < 0.05). Amongst all LV walls, the acute change in work in the septum and lateral wall of the four-chamber view correlated best and significantly with volumetric reverse remodelling (r = 0.62, P < 0.0001), with largest change seen in patients with most volumetric reverse remodelling. In multivariate linear regression analysis, including conventional parameters, such as pre-implant QRS morphology and duration, LV ejection fraction, ischaemic origin of cardiomyopathy, and the redistribution of work across the septal and lateral walls, the latter appeared as the strongest determinant of volumetric reverse remodelling after CRT (model R2 = 0.414, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The acute redistribution of regional myocardial work between the septal and lateral wall of the LV is an important determinant of reverse remodelling after CRT implantation. Our data suggest that the treatment of the loading imbalance should, therefore, be the main aim of CRT.
The Influence of Food Production Experience on Dietary Knowledge, Awareness, Behaviors, and Health among Japanese: A Systematic Review

This study aimed to reveal the influence of food production experience on dietary knowledge, dietary awareness, dietary behaviors, and health among Japanese populations. We conducted a systematic review of articles published between January 2000 and September 2018 (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019117163) using the following four databases: PubMed, Web of Science, CiNii, and ICHUSHI. The search formulas were created by combining search terms “agricultural experience,” “garden,” “diet,” “food,” “physical activity,” “health,” and “well-being. ” The articles were identified by titles, abstracts, and whole texts. We evaluated the content of the articles that met the adoption criteria. We included original articles from peer-reviewed scientific journals, articles written in Japanese or English, observational or interventional studies with statistical analyses, and articles targeting general Japanese people (except for those targeting patients or disabled) to examine the relationship according to the purpose of this review. Nineteen articles met the study criteria, including 10 cross-sectional studies, one retrospective study, seven pre–post studies, and three non-randomized controlled trials. Two studies combined multiple research designs. Thus, food production experiences were suggested to have a positive influence on dietary knowledge, dietary awareness, food preference, dietary behaviors, and mental health among the Japanese. However, the overall quality of the included studies was low. Further verification with randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies is required.
Antibiotics utilization and farmers’ knowledge of its effects on soil ecosystem in the coastal drylands of Ghana

Background There is paucity of information on antibiotics utilization amongst farmers, factors associated with administration of antibiotics and farmers’ knowledge of the effects of antibiotics on the soil ecosystem in Ghana. Methods A cross sectional quantitative survey across three coastal regions of Ghana was undertaken amongst poultry and livestock farmers. Six hundred respondents were selected from five districts each across the three regions. Pretested and structured questionnaire were used to collect data through face to face interview. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Factors associated with antibiotic administration were determined using binary multiple logistic regression at p ≤ 0.05. Results Out of the 600 farmers, 95% administered antibiotics and 84% bought antibiotics over-the-counter without prescription. Approximately 9% of antibiotic administration was carried out by veterinary officers, and the remaining, 91% based on farmer’s experience. Approximately 93% had access to antibiotics without any difficulty. Withdrawal period was always observed by only 16% of farmers. Majority (74%) of farmers never had education on antibiotics and none of the farmers screened manure for the antibiotic residuals. Years of farming, income status, level of education of farmers, type of animal kept, access to extension services, registration with farmers’ association, employing veterinary services, location of farm, system of production, education on antibiotics and access to antibiotics positively and significantly predicted the administration of antibiotics by farmers. Majority of farmers had inadequate knowledge of the effects of antibiotics on soil ecosystem with mean score ranging between 2.87±0.60 and 2.98 ± 0.7 on a scale of 5.0. Conclusion The study exposed the poor practices regarding antibiotic use and also inadequate knowledge on its effect on the soil ecosystem amongst farmers in Ghana. This calls for development of strategies to increase awareness on antibiotics because its misuse can negatively impact human, animals, environment and impact food security.
n-3 Fatty Acid and Its Metabolite 18-HEPE Ameliorate Retinal Neuronal Cell Dysfunction by Enhancing Müller BDNF in Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a widespread vision-threatening disease, and neuroretinal abnormality should be considered as an important problem. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has recently been considered as a possible treatment to prevent DR-induced neuroretinal damage, but how BDNF is upregulated in DR remains unclear. We found an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the vitreous of patients with DR. We confirmed that human retinal endothelial cells secreted H2O2 by high glucose, and H2O2 reduced cell viability of MIO-M1, Müller glia cell line, PC12D, and the neuronal cell line and lowered BDNF expression in MIO-M1, whereas BDNF administration recovered PC12D cell viability. Streptozocin-induced diabetic rats showed reduced BDNF, which is mainly expressed in the Müller glia cell. Oral intake of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E) ameliorated BDNF reduction and oscillatory potentials (OPs) in electroretinography (ERG) in DR. Mass spectrometry revealed an increase in several EPA metabolites in the eyes of EPA-E–fed rats. In particular, an EPA metabolite, 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE), induced BDNF upregulation in Müller glia cells and recovery of OPs in ERG. Our results indicated diabetes-induced oxidative stress attenuates neuroretinal function, but oral EPA-E intake prevents retinal neurodegeneration via BDNF in Müller glia cells by increasing 18-HEPE in the early stages of DR.
A systematic review of UK‐based long‐term nonsurgical interventions for people with severe obesity (BMI ≥35 kg m−2)

Abstract Introduction The aim of this project was to systematically review UK evidence on the effectiveness of long‐term (≥12 months) weight management services (WMSs) for weight loss and weight maintenance for adults (≥16 years) with severe obesity (body mass index ≥35 kg m−2), who would generally be eligible for Tier 3 services. Methods Four data sources were searched from 1999 to October 2018. Results Our searches identified 20 studies, mostly noncomparative studies: 10 primary care interventions, nine in secondary care specialist weight management clinics and one commercial setting intervention. A programme including a phase of low energy formula diet (810–833 kcal day−1) showed the largest mean (SD) weight change at 12 months of –12.4 (11.4) kg for complete cases, with 25.3% dropout. Limitations or differences in evaluation and reporting (particularly for denominators), unclear dropout rates, and differences between participant groups in terms of comorbidities and psychological characteristics, made comparisons between WMSs and inferences challenging. Conclusions There is a persistent and clear need for guidance on long‐term weight data collection and reporting methods to allow comparisons across studies and services for participants with severe obesity. Data could also include quality of life, clinical outcomes, adverse events, costs and economic outcomes. A randomised trial comparison of National Health Service Tier 3 services with commercial WMSs would be of value.
Epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome and its associated factors in Saudi undergraduate students

Background/Aim: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common among undergraduate students and is associated with several modifiable risk factors. The present study aimed to explore the epidemiology of IBS in Saudi undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from February 2018 to June 2018. A total of 767 undergraduate students from all regions of Saudi Arabia completed an online self-administered questionnaire. IBS symptoms were assessed using the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. Results: The mean age was 21.88 years (range 18–29); 56.1% of the study population were females and 50.1% were from the central region of Saudi Arabia. Students of medical colleges represented 30.2% of the sample. The overall prevalence of IBS was 15.8%. Significant independent risk factors for IBS were female sex (OR = 3.738; 95% CI = 2.093, 6.673), being a student in a medical college (OR = 7.216; 95% CI = 4.438, 11.733), living in a rented apartment (OR = 6.752; 95% CI = 2.586, 17.627), living on campus (OR = 6.563; 95% CI = 2.138, 20.145), poor sleep quality (OR = 3.156; 95% CI = 1.850, 5.385), exercise (OR = 0.394; 95% CI = 0.193, 0.803), smoking (OR = 5.256; 95% CI = 2.841, 9.724), family history of IBS (OR = 1.641; 95% CI = 1.012, 2.661), and emotional stress (OR = 2.184; 95% CI = 1.375, 3.469). Conclusion: Overall, 15.8% of participants in this study met the Rome IV criteria for IBS diagnosis. IBS was associated with several lifestyle factors, as well as family history and emotional stress.
Anaphylaxis in an Eight-year-old Boy Following the Consumption of Poppy Seed.

containing poppy seeds. The first incident occurred at the age of 6 years. A few minutes after biting into a poppy seed cake, the child experienced generalized urticaria, runny nose, sneezing, conjunctival redness, wheezing, and shortness of breath. The second incident occurred 2 years later, when the same symptoms were observed a few minutes after consuming a poppy seed roll. The patient’s medical history revealed that he had periodically reported discomfort in the mouth and redness of the conjunctiva after eating chocolate. Laboratory tests (ImmunoCAP ISAC) indicated an increased concentration of tIgE (733 kU/L) and sIgE for poppy seeds (28.3 kUA/L) (Table). Sensitization to hazelnut (9.6 kUA/L), soybean (0.91 kUA/L), sesame seed (3.4 kUA/L), and alder pollen (1 kUA/L) were also demonstrated. The result of prickby-prick testing was positive for fresh poppy seeds extracted in liquid nitrogen. Molecular diagnostics using the ALEX test identified the presence of sIgE for poppy extract (13.17 kUA/L), Pap s 2S albumin (2.31 kUA/L), and nut extract, as well as pumpkin, sunflower, and sesame seeds. Component-resolved diagnostics performed using the ISAC method identified allergy to hazelnut Cor a 9, sesame seed Ses i 1, and soybean Gly m 6 (Supplementary Table 1). Based on the clinical history and test results, the patient was diagnosed with anaphylaxis to poppy seeds. Few descriptions of anaphylactic reactions to poppy seed have been published, especially those regarding children (Supplementary Table 2). Such reactions usually result from oral ingestion, although a case of anaphylaxis has also been described following inhalation [5]. Contact urticaria and swelling of the face after contact with a poppy flower (Papaver rhoeas) have also been demonstrated in the absence of allergy to poppy seed [6]. The course of poppy allergy can vary from mild oral allergy syndrome to anaphylactic reactions. Panasoff [7] reported the case of a 17-year-old boy who experienced anaphylactic reactions in the form of acute abdominal pain with generalized urticaria and hypotension after eating poppy seed cake. The author emphasized that only a trace amount of allergen was responsible for the symptoms. Similarly, the anaphylactic reactions observed in the present patient occurred after only 1 bite of cake. As in most case reports [1,3,5-7] and in contrast with Kutting and Brehler [4], in the present case, physical effort Anaphylaxis in an 8-Year-Old Boy Following the Consumption of Poppy Seed
BCL-2 antagonism sensitizes cytotoxic t cell-resistant hiv reservoirs to elimination ex vivo.

Curing HIV infection will require the elimination of a reservoir of infected CD4+ T-cells that persists despite HIV-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses. While viral latency is a critical factor in this persistence, recent evidence also suggests a role for intrinsic resistance of reservoir-harboring cells to CTL killing. This resistance may have contributed to negative outcomes of clinical trials, where pharmacologic latency reversal has thus far failed to drive reductions in HIV reservoirs. Through transcriptional profiling, we herein identified over-expression of the pro-survival factor BCL-2 as a distinguishing feature of CD4+ T-cells that survived CTL killing. We show that the inducible HIV reservoir was disproportionately present in BCL-2hi subsets, in ex vivo CD4+ T-cells. Treatment with the BCL-2 antagonist 'ABT-199' alone was not sufficient to drive reductions in ex vivo viral reservoirs, when tested either alone or with a latency reversing agent (LRA). However, the triple combination of strong LRAs, HIV-specific T-cells, and a BCL-2 antagonist uniquely enabled the depletion of ex vivo viral reservoirs. Our results provide rationale for novel therapeutic approaches targeting HIV cure and, more generally, suggest consideration of BCL-2 antagonism as a means of enhancing CTL immunotherapy in other settings, such as cancer.