Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Criminal recidivism in offenders with and without intellectual disability sentenced to forensic psychiatric care in Sweden—A 17-year follow-up study

Background Offenders with intellectual disability (ID) constitute a distinct subgroup of offenders with mental disorders. Regarding criminal recidivism, it is unclear whether or not offenders with ID in forensic psychiatric settings differ from offenders without ID. Factors associated with criminal recidivism among offenders with ID have been scarcely investigated. Aim To investigate the association between ID and criminal recidivism among offenders sentenced to forensic psychiatric care and to explore the impact of clinical, sociodemographic and offense variables. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on Swedish nationwide registers. A total of 3,365 individuals being sentenced to forensic psychiatric care in Sweden in 1997–2013 were followed from the forensic psychiatric assessment until first reconviction, death, emigration, or 31 December 2013, whichever occurred first. Cox regression models compared rates of recidivism in individuals with and without ID. Impact of clinical, sociodemographic, and offense variables on risk of criminal recidivism was presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Out of 3,365 offenders sentenced to forensic psychiatric care, 259 (7.7%) were diagnosed with ID. During follow-up (0–17 years, median 6 years), one third (n = 1,099) of the study population relapsed into criminality, giving a recidivism rate of 50.5 per 1,000 person-years. We observed an association between ID and a decreased risk of recidivism (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–1.0, p = 0.063), although this reached statistical significance only for the subgroup of male offenders (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–1.0, p = 0.040) and not females (HR 1.0, 95% CI 0.6–1.8). ID offenders with concurrent ADHD tended to have a higher rate of recidivism (73.9 per 1,000 person-years, HR 1.2, 95% CI 0.6–2.4) than ID offenders without ADHD (42.5 per 1,000 person-years, HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–1.1). Amongst ID offenders, concurrent autism spectrum disorder, young age or male sex were not associated with recidivism, while previous criminal convictions were strongly associated with recidivism. Conclusion A diagnosis of ID was associated with a lower risk of criminal recidivism among male offenders sentenced to forensic psychiatric care. The association between ADHD and recidivism among ID offenders highlights eligible focus areas in the management of offenders with ID.
Internet-based imagery rescripting intervention for adult survivors of institutional childhood abuse in the former German Democratic Republic – a pilot study

ABSTRACT Background: From 1949 to 1990, about 500,000 children and adolescents in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) were placed in institutional care. Many of these individuals experienced physical and sexual abuse as well as general maltreatment. While this population group is in great need of psychosocial support, few low-threshold interventions aimed at the needs of adult survivors of institutional childhood abuse exist. Objective: This pilot study examines the efficacy of an internet-based imagery rescripting intervention in reducing psychopathological symptoms, within a population of survivors of institutional abuse from state childcare institutions, in the former GDR. Additionally, a case study is presented, depicting the treatment of a woman suffering from PTSD after having been institutionalised in the former GDR. Method: Participants received 10 internet-based writing assignments, based on the principles of imagery rescripting, specifically tailored to the needs of survivors of institutional childhood abuse in the GDR. The participants received personalised feedback on their assignments. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD), depression, and anxiety were assessed at pre- and post-treatment. Results: A total of 15 participants completed the intervention (mean age 56.2 years; 66.7% female). Paired t-tests showed a significant reduction of PTSD, CPTSD, depression, and anxiety symptoms. Large effect sizes were found for PTSD (d = 1.26), CPTSD (d = .97), depression (d = 1.08) and anxiety (d = 1.20). Conclusion: The results of this pilot study provide preliminary evidence for the efficacy and feasibility of the intervention in treating psychopathological symptoms in survivors of institutional abuse in the GDR. The case study additionally demonstrates the applicability of the intervention. A randomised controlled trial should be applied to further evaluate the intervention and its effects. Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register identifier: DRKS00020266. HIGHLIGHTS Based on the principles of imagery rescripting, this pilot study investigates a newly developed internet-based writing intervention for adult survivors of GDR childcare institutions. Self-reported symptoms of PTSD, CPTSD, depression, and anxiety were significantly reduced at post-treatment. Although further research is needed, the writing intervention seems to be a promising intervention for survivors of institutional abuse in the GDR, suffering from PTSD and other psychopathological symptoms.
Midterm Outcome of Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy without Bone Graft with Locking Plate Fixation

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the midterm outcomes of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy without bone graft (OWHTO) in patients with advanced medial compartment arthritis. Methods: From January 2014 to December 2020, all patients treated with OWHTO had medial compartmental arthritis. Twenty patients underwent OWHTO. Clinically, we evaluated the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Knee Society Score (KSS), and range of motion (ROM) at the five years follow-up. Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.65±4.88 years. All clinical outcomes gradually improved from the postoperative period to the final follow-up period. The mean follow-up duration was 5.05±0.43 years. Pre-operative OKS was 20.85±3.47; Post-operative OKS was 36.70±2.16; P = 0.034. Pre-operative KSS was 35.8±20, Post-operative KSS was 53.2±20.2, and P = 0.02. Pre-operative ROM was 100.59±11.22; Post-operative ROM was 120.57±11.06; P = 0.044. Conclusions: OWHTO has good clinical outcomes. Thus, the results of this study suggest that OWHTO may be a good alternative treatment for medial unicompartmental arthritis.
A Case Report on Longitudinal Collection of Tumour Biopsies for Gene Expression-Based Tumour Microenvironment Analysis from Pancreatic Cancer Patients Treated with Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Radiofrequency Ablation

Background: Most patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are metastatic at presentation with dismal prognosis warranting improved systemic therapy options. Longitudinal sampling for the assessment of treatment response poses a challenge for validating novel therapies. In this case study, we evaluate the feasibility of collecting endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided longitudinal fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) from two PDAC patients and conduct gene expression studies associated with tumour microenvironment changes associated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods: EUS-guided serial/longitudinal FNABs of tumour were collected before and after treatment from two stage III inoperable gemcitabine-treated PDAC patients treated with targeted RFA three times. Biopsies were analysed using a custom NanoString panel (144 genes) consisting of cancer and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAFs) subtypes and immune changes. CAF culture was established from one FNAB and characterised by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. Results: Two-course RFA led to the upregulation of the CD1E gene (involved in antigen presentation) in both patients 1 and 2 (4.5 and 3.9-fold changes) compared to baseline. Patient 1 showed increased T cell genes (CD4—8.7-fold change, CD8—35.7-fold change), cytolytic function (6.4-fold change) and inflammatory response (8-fold change). A greater than 2-fold upregulation of immune checkpoint genes was observed post-second RFA in both patients. Further, two-course RFA led to increased PDGFRα (4.5-fold change) and CAF subtypes B and C genes in patient 1 and subtypes A, B and D genes in patient 2. Patient 2-derived CAFs post-first RFA showed expression of PDGFRα, POSTN and MYH11 proteins. Finally, RFA led to the downregulation of classical PDAC subtype-specific genes in both patients. Conclusions: This case study suggests longitudinal EUS-FNAB as a potential resource to study tumour and microenvironmental changes associated with RFA treatment. A large sample size is required in the future to assess the efficacy and safety of the treatment and perform comprehensive statistical analysis of EUS-RFA-based molecular changes in PDAC.
Enhanced temporal complexity of EEG signals in older individuals with high cognitive functions

Recent studies suggest that the maintenance of cognitive function in the later life of older people is an essential factor contributing to mental wellbeing and physical health. Particularly, the risk of depression, sleep disorders, and Alzheimer's disease significantly increases in patients with mild cognitive impairment. To develop early treatment and prevention strategies for cognitive decline, it is necessary to individually identify the current state of cognitive function since the progression of cognitive decline varies among individuals. Therefore, the development of biomarkers that allow easier measurement of cognitive function in older individuals is relevant for hyperaged societies. One of the methods used to estimate cognitive function focuses on the temporal complexity of electroencephalography (EEG) signals. The characteristics of temporal complexity depend on the time scale, which reflects the range of neuron functional interactions. To capture the dynamics, composed of multiple time scales, multiscale entropy (MSE) analysis is effective for comprehensively assessing the neural activity underlying cognitive function in the brain. Thus, we hypothesized that EEG complexity analysis could serve to assess a wide range of cognitive functions in older adults. To validate our hypothesis, we divided older participants into two groups based on their cognitive function test scores: a high cognitive function group and a low cognitive function group, and applied MSE analysis to the measured EEG data of all participants. The results of the repeated-measures analysis of covariance using age and sex as a covariate in the MSE profile showed a significant difference between the high and low cognitive function groups (F = 10.18, p = 0.003) and the interaction of the group × electrodes (F = 3.93, p = 0.002). Subsequently, the results of the post-hoc t-test showed high complexity on a slower time scale in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes in the high cognitive function group. This high complexity on a slow time scale reflects the activation of long-distance neural interactions among various brain regions to achieve high cognitive functions. This finding could facilitate the development of a tool for diagnosis of cognitive decline in older individuals.
Evaluating the Relationship Between the Internet Addiction and Academic Performance of Medical and Pharmacy Students

Background: The internet is essential for social interaction, information acquisition, and entertainment. However, indiscriminate use of the internet by individuals, especially students, has harmed their social and psychological well-being as well as their education. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between internet addiction and academic performance of medical and pharmacy students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2019 - 2020. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 149 medical and pharmacy students, who were selected by convenience sampling method. The samples were examined using two questionnaires, including the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Educational Performance Test (EPT). The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression analysis. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between the IAT and some subscales of the EPT. In addition, more than 81.20% of the sample had mild (51.00%), moderate (29.53%), and severe (0.67%) dependence on the internet. Conclusions: According to the results, the internet addiction negatively affected students’ academic performance. Failure to take critical steps to control internet addiction may significantly affect the future.
Genome-Wide Investigation and Characterization of SWEET Gene Family with Focus on Their Evolution and Expression during Hormone and Abiotic Stress Response in Maize

The sugar will eventually be exported transporters (SWEET) family is an important group of transport carriers for carbon partitioning in plants and has important functions in growth, development, and abiotic stress tolerance. Although the SWEET family is an important sugar transporter, little is known of the functions of the SWEET family in maize (Zea mays), especially in response to abiotic stresses. To further explore the response pattern of maize SWEET to abiotic stress, a bioinformatics-based approach was used to predict and identify the maize SWEET gene (ZmSWEET) family. Twenty-four ZmSWEET genes were identified using the MaizeGDB database. Phylogenetic analysis resolved these twenty-four genes into four clades. One tandem and five segmental duplication events were identified, which played a major role in ZmSWEET family expansion. Synteny analysis provided insight into the evolutionary characteristics of the ZmSWEET genes with those of three graminaceous crop species. A heatmap showed that most ZmSWEET genes responded to at least one type of abiotic stress. By an abscisic acid signaling pathway, among which five genes were significantly induced under NaCl treatment, eight were obviously up-regulated under PEG treatment and five were up-regulated under Cd stress, revealing their potential functions in response to abiotic stress. These findings will help to explain the evolutionary links of the ZmSWEET family and contribute to future studies on the functional characteristics of ZmSWEET genes, and then improve abiotic stress tolerance in maize through molecular breeding.
The Correlation of Knowledge with Leucorrhea in Female Students of MTsN Batang Toru

The worst health problems of female reproduction have reached 33% of the total burden of disease that affects women in the world. One of the symptoms of the occurrence of abnormalities or diseases of the reproductive organs is leucorrhea. Leucorrhea that affects is pathological leucorrhea caused by infection in the vagina. World Health Organization states that 5% of teens in the world contracted Sexually Transmitted Diseases with leucorrhea symptoms every year. There are several factors that affect the occurrence of leucorrhea in women, especially in adolescents, such as lack of adolescent knowledge about leucorrhea. This study aims to determine the correlation of knowledge with leucorrhea in female students of MTsN Batang Toru on 2017. The type of this research is analytic descriptive by using cross sectional approach. The population of this research were all of female students class of 7th and 8 th of MTsN Batang Toru South Tapanuli District as many as 259 respondents. Statistical tests performed using the Chi-square test with α = 0,05. The results of research by bivariate analysis shows that there was a relationship between knowledge and leucorrhea (p < 0,001). From the results obtained, it is advisable to female student of MTsN Batang Toru to find more information and read books about leucorrhea and its impact on reproductive health, especially for adolescents so that it can motivate themselves to know more about prevention.
New pecJ-n (n = 1, 2) Basis Sets for High-Quality Calculations of Indirect Nuclear Spin–Spin Coupling Constants Involving 31P and 29Si: The Advanced PEC Method

In this paper, we presented new J-oriented basis sets, pecJ-n (n = 1, 2), for phosphorus and silicon, purposed for the high-quality correlated calculations of the NMR spin–spin coupling constants involving these nuclei. The pecJ-n basis sets were generated using the modified version of the property-energy consistent (PEC) method, which was introduced in our earlier paper. The modifications applied to the original PEC procedure increased the overall accuracy and robustness of the generated basis sets in relation to the diversity of electronic systems. Our new basis sets were successfully tested on a great number of spin–spin coupling constants, involving phosphorus or/and silicon, calculated within the SOPPA(CCSD) method. In general, it was found that our new pecJ-1 and pecJ-2 basis sets are very efficient, providing the overall accuracy that can be characterized by MAEs of about 3.80 and 1.98 Hz, respectively, against the benchmark data obtained with a large dyall.aae4z+ basis set of quadruple-ζ quality.
Photoproduction of the Λ*(1520 Hyperon off Protons and Neutrons In Deuterium

The photoproduction of the Λ * (1520) off both protons and neutrons in deuterium has been studied using the CLAS eg3 run data. The reactions are γ d → K + Λ * (n) and γ d → K 0 Λ * (p). Preliminary Λ * (1520) cross sections and decay angle distributions are extracted in the photon energy region 1.75 GeV γ * (1520) on neutrons has been reported. Moreover our results on protons extend to higher energies than the previous studies.
Breast cancer diagnosis: a survey of pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification

Machine learning methods have been an interesting method in the field of medical for many years, and they have achieved successful results in various fields of medical science. This paper examines the effects of using machine learning algorithms in the diagnosis and classification of breast cancer from mammography imaging data. Cancer diagnosis is the identification of images as cancer or non-cancer, and this involves image preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, and performance analysis. This article studied 93 different references mentioned in the previous years in the field of processing and tries to find an effective way to diagnose and classify breast cancer. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that most of today’s successful methods focus on the use of deep learning methods. Finding a new method requires an overview of existing methods in the field of deep learning methods in order to make a comparison and case study.
Weyl functions of Dirac systems and of their generalizations: integral representation, inverse problem, and discrete interpolation

Self-adjoint Dirac systems and subclasses of canonical systems, which generalize Dirac systems are studied. Explicit and global solutions of direct and inverse problems are obtained. A local Borg-Marchenko-type theorem, integral representation of the Weyl function, and results on interpolation of Weyl functions are also derived.
The Influence of Student-Teacher Relationship on School-Age Children’s Empathy: The Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence

Objective Empathy is the ability to adopt another person’s perspective and experience the thoughts and emotions of that individual. A growing number of studies have shown that school-age children’s empathy robustly contributes to their interpersonal communication, academic achievement and psychosocial adjustment. For school-age children, school becomes the main place for learning and socializing. The student-teacher relationship is an important interpersonal relationship between children and adults after they leave home, which plays an important role in the development of children’s self-ability. However, the relationship between student-teacher relationship and children’s empathy and its mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to explore the influence of student-teacher relationship on school-age children’s empathy, and the mediating roles of emotional intelligence. Methods 468 school-age children (250 boys and 238 girls) aged 8–11 (Mage = 9.22, SDage = 1.20) from Guizhou Province completed questionnaires about student-teacher relationship, emotional intelligence, and children’s empathy. Results The results showed that student-teacher relationship positively and directly predicted empathy for girls, but not for boys. In addition, we also found that emotional intelligence mediated the relationship between student-teacher relationship and children’s empathy among both boys and girls. Conclusion This study reveals the effect of student-teacher relationship on the school-age children’s empathy, and the unique mediating role of emotional intelligence. Moreover, this study further reveals the different effects of student-teacher relationship on boys’ and girls’ empathy, emphasizing that positive student-teacher relationship can directly promote the development of girls’ empathy. Finally, this study emphasizes that cultivating and improving the emotional intelligence of school-age children may be an effective way to promote the development of children’s empathy.
On the Relevance of Aerosols to Snow Cover Variability Over High Mountain Asia

While meteorology and aerosols are identified as key drivers of snow cover (SC) variability in High Mountain Asia, complex non‐linear interactions between them are not adequately quantified. Here, we attempt to unravel these interactions through a simple relative importance (RI) analysis of meteorological and aerosol variables from ERA5/CAMS‐EAC4 reanalysis against satellite‐derived SC from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer across 2003–2018. Our results show a statistically significant 7% rise in the RI of aerosol‐meteorology interactions (AMI) in modulating SC during late snowmelt season (June and July), notably over low snow‐covered (LSC) regions. Sensitivity tests further reveal that the importance of meteorological interactions with individual aerosol species are more prominent than total aerosols over LSC regions. We find that the RI of AMI for LSC regions is clearly dominated by carbonaceous aerosols, on top of the expected importance of dynamic meteorology. These findings clearly highlight the need to consider AMI in hydrometeorological monitoring, modeling, and reanalyses.