Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Opinions of Assiut University Students toward Organ Donation and Transplantation

Organ transplant in Egypt presents difficult ethical and legal challenges for both the transplant community and society. Aim of the study: Evaluate the level of knowledge toward organ donation and transplantation among Assiut University students and assess their opinions about organ donation. Subjects and Method: Descriptive research design was used in this study. The study included (1075) students, were selected randomly from six facilities at Assiut University. through a period extended from February (2013) to the end of April (2013). Data of this study was collected by using self-administered questionnaire. Results: The mean age of students ± SD was (20.02 ± 1.45). Less than two thirds of them were females and live in a rural area. (53.8%) of students from non health faculties. There was a statistically significant difference between students' age, sex, faculty type and grades at college, with their knowledge about organ donation and transplantation. Conclusion: less than two thirds of students had poor knowledge about organ donation and transplantation, and the majority of them had negative opinions about it. Recommendations: Improve students' awareness by conducting ongoing scientific seminars for students and provide brochures on this subject in the university library.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward Menstruation among Adolescent Girls at Sohag City

Aim of the study: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice toward menstruation among adolescent girls at Sohag City Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was utilized for the study. A convenient sample of 100 adolescent girls was recruited for the study. A self-administrated questionnaire and Menstruation Attitude Questionnaire (MAQ) were used for data collection. Results: The level of knowledge was more significantly higher among urban girls and those with a higher level of education. Two-thirds had a satisfactory level of knowledge; more than two-thirds used sanitary pads as the ideal use during menstruation. The participants agreed that menstruation is a debilitating among 42 girls (42%), a bothersome among 15 girls (15%) and natural event among 53 girls (53%). Furthermore, they agreed that they can anticipate their menstruation among 80 girls (80%) and they denied the effect of it among 8 girls (8%). The majority of participants were informed about menstruation from their mothers as the first source of information. There was a positive correlation between participants' score of knowledge and their attitude toward menstruation. Conclusions and Recommendations: adolescent girls had a satisfactory level of knowledge about menstruation. Their mothers were the main source of information. The level of knowledge positively correlated with the girls attitude toward menstruation It is recommended to prepare girls for menstruation before menarche through providing them with well-planned school health program for girls and mothers about menstruation by well-trained educators.
Unique and Anaphoric Definiteness in the Bangla DP

The argument of this paper centres on the various interpretations of definiteness derived from the merge or the moved position of the NP and the presence or the absence of the demonstrative in the Bangla DP. As noted in the Bangla DP literature, in a Dem-less DP the NP in its merge position expresses indefiniteness, and the NP raised above the numeral-classifier expresses definiteness. I suggest that the raising of the NP is an instance of topicalisation which in turn realizes its definite reading. I propose the existence of a topic position below the D in the Bangla DP where the definite reading is achieved. Drawing upon Schwarz’ (2009, 2013) proposal that definiteness can be of two types: unique and anaphoric, I show that Bangla seems to fall into this paradigm of definiteness. I further show that unique definiteness and anaphoric definiteness are separately morphologically represented (respectively) by two demonstratives in the Bangla DP. This in turn leads to the proposal that these two definites are expressed in two separate syntactic positions.
Impairment of O-antigen Synthesis in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 Alters Outer Membrane Protein Composition

Author(s): Prieto, Michelle Marie Esteban | Advisor(s): Brahamsha, Bianca | Abstract: Now more than ever the growth of algal farming for biofuels and bioproducts as more sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels and its derivatives has created a need for more efficient cultivation strategies. Unfortunately, however, while open-air ponds are the most cost-effective way to grow the microalgae that are used for biofuels and bioproducts, they are also more susceptible to invasion by predators. Because of this, strategies for crop protection must be developed in order to minimize this pressure from grazers. A mutant of the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, called AMC 1908, which lacks the wzm (Synpcc7942_1126) gene for O-antigen synthesis, is resistant to grazing by amoebae, which can be algal pool predators. In order to determine the molecular mechanisms that could be behind this resistance, the outer membrane proteins of S. elongatus PCC 7942 and AMC 1908 were compared via SDS-PAGE analysis and proteomics. As expected, the protein compositions of S. elongatus PCC 7942 and AMC 1908 outer membranes differed quite substantially. Additionally, transport system substrate-binding protein IdiA (Synpcc7942_2175) was found to be more abundant in the mutant AMC 1908 when compared to the wild-type PCC 7942. This protein could be contributing to S. elongatus AMC 1908’s resistance to grazing by amoebae, but only further testing can confirm this.
Differences in Motivation to Learning English among Saudi University Students

This paper analyzes and determines the various orientations of 247 Saudi male and female university students for learning English. The descriptive and correlational approaches were used to investigate the participants’ motivations. The researchers adapted questionnaires available from the literature to quantitatively collect data. The results show that university students are highly motivated to learning English and therefore, it suggests that motivation is an important variable that shapes learners' idea about foreign language learning. The results also show that students of different gender and majors had different perspectives about English learning. The conclusions, and recommendations of the present study provide platform for future investigations into EFL learners’ motivation in other areas of Saudi Arabia or in similar settings in Arabic speaking countries to find out differences in students' orientations.
Effective use of Penicillin to Improve Culture Yield for Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Objectives: To compare LJ media and LJ media with penicillin for the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and contamination, in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) suspected patients. Methods: A total of 300 PTB suspected cases at National Tuberculosis center (NTC) for analyzed for culture and contamination. Early morning sputum samples were collected in sterile leak-proof falcon tube. Digestion, decontamination and homogenization of sputum were done using NALC-NaOH (Modifi ed Petroff method). The sputum sample was processed on LJ media and penicillin added LJ media and incubated at 37°C. Cultures were examined after 8 weeks. Results: All the PTB suspected cases were compared in LJ media and LJ media with penicillin, 29.7% (89) were positive, 21% (63) were contaminated on LJ media whereas 41% (123) were positive, 3.7 % (11) were contaminated on penicillin added LJ media. Also, 25 (8%) were 1+ grading, 14 (4.7%) were 2+ grading, whereas 81 (27%) and 45 (15%) were 3+ grading LJ + Penicillin and LJ media respectively. Conclusion: Contamination is reduced with the addition of penicillin to LJ media and isolation of total positive cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis enhanced.
A Functional Thyrotropin- Pituitary Adenoma with a Feature: A Case Study and Growth Hormone-Secret

A 38-yr-old female with a TSHand GH-secreting pituitary adenoma is described, who had both overt symptoms, hyperthyroidism and acromegaly. Her serum TSH was not suppressed despite high concentrations of free T3 and free T4, and her a-subunit/TSH molar ratio was high. Her serum GH was consistently high, and was not suppressed by an oral glucose tolerance test. Preoperative testing revealed that, although the TSH response was impaired, TSH, a-subunit and GH were increased by TRH injection, and that these hormones were reduced by bromocriptine or somatostatin analog. Although she did not have hyperprolactinemia, the in vitro culture and immunohistochemical studies revealed that the adenoma cells produced and released PRL, in addition to TSH, a-subunit and GH. Immunohistochemical studies showed the presence of GH in the cytoplasm of many adenoma cells. TSHI3-positive adenoma cells were less frequently seen than GH-positive adenoma cells. No cells showed the coexistence of GH and TSHI3, and a few cells were positive for PRL. By electron microscopy, the adenoma was found to be composed of a single cell type resembling thyrotrophs, and did not have any characteristics of somatotrophs. This case was considered to be of interest, because the adenoma was ultrastructurally monomorphous, but immunohistochemically polymorphous.
Cognitive and Linguistic Deficits in Second Language Writing

The purpose of the present study is twofold. In its theoretical part, it focuses on accounts of L 2 acquisition that are cognitive in nature and those that are linguistic in orientation. My discussion of these two accounts is based on the premise that it is perfectly proper for Second Language Acquisition (SLA) research to postulate theories of its own to explain its own area. It is, also, appropriate for SLA research to take insights and methods from other disciplines when they are useful to it. In its empirical part, the present study reports on the outcomes of an experiment carried out by the author on (15) second language learners. The experiment was designed to examine the written output of foreign students enrolled in the English Language Institute at the University of Pittsburg, USA. It attempts to find answers for the following questions: (1) are students’ errors in grammatical structures, as they will appear in their written output, due to deficiency in their conscious grammar rules, or to deficiency in their abilities to transfer this knowledge (if it exists) to other language tasks such as writing compositions in English? , (2) can conscious rules of grammar guide students’ performance in monitoring (self-correcting) their written output once their attention is drawn to an error? , and (3) what is the role of ‘attention’ in shaping L 2 learners’ linguistic behaviors in essay writing, unfocused and focused correction tasks? The implications of the overall results for current theories of SLA is discussed.
Reanalysis of background free oscillations using recent SG data

Background free oscillations (BFOs), observed even during seismically quiet periods, have been widely recognized. Although atmospheric or/and oceanic disturbances are suggested to be the possible excitation sources, there still exist some unknown uncertainties regarding their contribution. Note that most studies used seismometer records to explore the excitation mechanism of BFOs, while only a few used superconducting gravimeter (SG) records just for detection purposes. In view of the high precision, the wide measurement range and the increase of SGs distributed worldwide, this paper aims to further explore the excitation mechanism of BFOs by combining recent gravity records at several low-noise SG stations, rather than traditional seismometer records. We first analyzed gravity records at each station to ensure the detection of BFOs from spectrograms and averaged power spectra. On the basis of the BFOs detection, annual variations of the modal energy in the averaged spectrograms stacked over all stations and over different years were calculated. By comparing them with those derived from atmospheric/oceanic observations, we proved qualitatively that the atmospheric disturbance is the major excitation source of BFOs while the oceanic disturbance plays a relatively minor role below 5 mHz for the whole period considered; however, the excitation of BFOs could be mainly attributed to the oceanic disturbance for a certain period. It is necessary to further quantitatively estimate the modal energy excited by these disturbances, but as a supplementary means of seismic exploration, the results in this paper are expected to be helpful for understanding BFOs. Article history: Received 28 February 2018 Revised 2 February 2019 Accepted 14 March 2019
Bacterial isolates from bryozoan Pleurocodonellina sp.: Diversity and antimicrobial potential against pathogenic bacteria

Abstract. Asagabaldan MA, Bedoux G, Bourgougnon N, Kristiana R, Ayuningrum D, Sabdono A, Trianto A, Radjasa OK. 2019. Bacterial isolates from bryozoan Pleurocodonellina sp. : Diversity and antimicrobial potential against pathogenic bacteria. Biodiversitas 20: 2528-2535. There is an urgent need to discover new compounds with antibacterial activity, which can be developed into lead structures for the treatment of human disease caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. In this study, we focussed on bryozoan-associated bacteria to screen them toward antibacterial activities, since the microbiome of these organisms can still be regarded as under-investigated. Most of the few publications about bryozoan-associated bacteria focused on taxonomy and the potential as producers of antibacterial natural products were neglected. Four specimens of bryozoan Pleurocodonellina sp. were collected from Teluk Awur, Jepara in Java Sea, Indonesia. Therefrom, 56 bacterial strains were isolated, and 17 displayed antibacterial activities against MDR bacteria Pseudomonas aruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter cloacae, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Taxonomic identification of the bacteria by 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed them belonging to the genera Virgibacillus, Pseudoalteromonas, Halomonas, and Bacillus. Most interestingly, the genus Virgibacillus was dominantly obtained from the Pleurocodonellina sp. specimens, i.e., 12 active isolates. Nevertheless, the best activities against MDR bacteria (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative) were contributed to isolates showing >99% identity to Pseudoalteromonas. The results further suggest adding the genus Virgibacillus as bacteria associated with bryozoan, since to the best of our knowledge there were no reports of this genus isolated from bryozoan.
Distribution of pathologic smear results and histopathologic agreement in precancerous cervical lesions

OBJECTIVES: The accuracy of the Papanicolau smear test is very important in cervical cancer which is preventable cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of smear results and cyto-histopathological correlation and agreement in biopsies.STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was performed at the gynecology obstetrics and pathology department of Baskent University Konya Application and Research Hospital, over a 5-year period. The histopathology results of 89 patients who underwent colposcopic biopsy from 273 patients with pathologic Pap smear results were examined. The histopathologic results and pathologic Pap smear results were compared and the compatibility between them was examined.RESULTS: Data records were collected for 11,191 women. Overall, the prevalence of cytologic abnormalities was 2.43%. The cytohistopathologic correlation in epithelial lesions was 56% and was statistically significant. In glandular lesions, normal biopsy results were reported in 93% of AGC-NOS cytology results, whereas there was a 100% malignancy correlation with AGC-FN cytology results. In terms of detecting low and high-grade lesions, the false-negative rate was 12% and the false-positive rate was 17%. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, Pap smears can be less cost-effective and easily accessible method. While conservative treatment is appropriate in young patients because of possible regression even in high-grade lesions; in older patients, it should not be hesitated to get biopsy when a suspicious clinic is present.
Clear and Liquid: The Interaction of Firm Disclosure and Trader Competition

In an economy where traders absorb information partially, we study the effect of disclosure accuracy and disclosure clarity on financial markets. Accuracy measures how precisely a disclosure identifies the firm's fundamentals, whereas clarity measures how well traders understand the disclosure. Increasing clarity promotes competition among informed traders more so than it increases the information asymmetry between informed traders and market makers. Increasing accuracy has the opposite effect. Trading volume increases monotonically in clarity, while liquidity has a U-shaped relationship with clarity if competition among traders is intense. Volume and liquidity both decrease in accuracy due to adverse selection among different market participants. Moreover, traders' attention to disclosure is hump-shaped in clarity, but increasing in accuracy. Trading profits mimic the patterns of attention, but only under intense competition. Overall, our results suggest that the current trend of increasing complexity in firm disclosures is detrimental to liquidity and volume.
Active tectonic field for CO2 Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Abstract. One of the concerns of underground CO2 onshore storage is the triggering of Induced Seismicity and fault reactivation. Hence, a comprehensive analysis of the tectonic parameters involved in the storage rock formation is mandatory for safety management operations. Unquestionably, active faults and seal faults depicting the storage bulk are relevant parameters to be considered. However, there is a lack of analysis of the active tectonic strain field affecting these faults during the CO2 storage monitoring. The advantage of reconstructing the tectonic field is the possibility to determine the strain trajectories and describing the fault patterns affecting the reservoir rock. In this work, we adapt a methodology of systematic geostructural analysis to the underground CO2 storage, based on the calculation of the strain field and defined by the strain field from kinematics indicators on the fault planes (ey and ex for the maximum and minimum horizontal shortening respectively). This methodology is based on statistical analysis of individual strain tensor solutions obtained from fresh outcrops. Consequently, we have collected 447 fault data in 32 field stations located within a 20 km radius. The understanding of the fault sets role for underground fluid circulation can also be established, helping for further analysis about CO2 leakage and seepage. We have applied this methodology to Hontomin onshore CO2 storage facilities (Central Spain). The geology of the area and the number of high-quality outcrops, made this site as a good candidate for studying the strain field from kinematics fault analysis. The results indicate a strike-slip tectonic regime with the maximum horizontal shortening with N160° E and N50o E trend for local regime, which activates NE–SW strike-slip faults and NE–SW compressional faults. A regional tectonic field was also recognized with N–S trend, which activates E–W compressional faults. Monitoring of E–W faults within the reservoir is suggested in addition with the possibility of obtaining focal mechanism solutions for micro earthquakes (M
Woody plant communities in the Philippine teak forest landscape along Verde Island Passage, Batangas, Luzon, Philippines

Abstract. Caringal AM, Buot IE Jr, Villanueva ELC. 2019. Woody plant communities in the Philippine teak forest landscape along Verde Island Passage, Batangas, Luzon, Philippines. Biodiversitas 20: 3189-3198. The study described the communities of woody plants in a semi-evergreen tropical forest dominated by endemic Philippine teak (Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook. f, Lamiaceae) and determined the local environmental factors affecting the distribution of dominant woody species across the Philippine teak forest (PTF) landscape. The Philippine teak is a Critically Endangered species according to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Quantitative dominance analysis of arboreal vegetation data (basal area and relative dominance) from 24 (20m x 20m) sampling plots generated the cluster dendrogram, while Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was performed for 47 woody species and habitat-environment variables. As a result, four vegetation zones were named: (I) pure stand of Tectona philippinensis, (II) mixed T. philippinensis-Garuga floribunda-Terminalia polyantha, (III) mixed Celtis latifolia-T. philippinensis and (IV) mixed Tamarindus indica-Xylocarpus rumphii. These zones were governed more by physiographic (altitude ) and edaphic influences of predominantly agro-coastal landscapes. The environmental variables were essential in verifying not only the association of dominant tree flora in the local landscape but also provide insight for forest management zoning and the ecological requirements of the tree species for in-situ and ex-situ biodiversity conservation.
Common-Ownership and Portfolio Rebalancing

The empirical literature on the potential collusive effects of common-ownership relies heavily on financial institution mergers to make causal inferences. I find that more than 85% of newly-formed common-ownership relationships due to such financial institution mergers are no longer commonly-held by the acquiring institution during the post-merger period (with most being liquidated in the first quarter following the merger). Firms that are no longer commonly-held by the merged institution drive the anti-competitive results found in previous studies. The fact that portfolio firms are so quickly rebalanced casts doubt on the utility of financial institution mergers as a natural experiment. I also find evidence that portfolio rebalancing post-merger is driven by other factors, such as portfolio diversification or index tracking. Further, I find no significant positive risk-adjusted returns for a common-ownership based portfolio strategy, suggesting that investors do not make a profit from commonly-held stocks. Taken together, these findings suggest that empirical basis for claiming collusive effects of common-ownership is weaker than it appears and there is no strong evidence that provides a basis for policy concerns about institutional common-ownership. <br>