Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN ABU SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SEMEN PADA BETON GEOPOLIMER

Beton geopolimer adalah beton yang material utamanya mengandung bahan yang bersifat pozzolan. Pozzolan adalah bahan yang mengandung senyawa Silika dan Alumina. Dengan bentuknya yang halus, pozzolan dapat direaksikan dengan alkali aktivator. Prekursor atau material alternatif pengganti semen sebagai bahan pengikat dalam beton geopolimer biasanya menggunakan abu terbang (fly ash), abu sekam padi (RHA), ampas tebu, cangkang telur dan lain – lain, yang banyak mengandung silikon dan aluminium. Sebagai aktivator pada umumnya digunakan natrium hidroksida (NaOH) dan sodium silikat (Na 2 SO 3 ). Material alternatif pengganti semen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah abu sekam padi. Abu sekam padi dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengganti semen dikarenakan abu sekam padi bersifat pozzolan dan mengandung Silika sekitar 87-97%. Zat kimia tersebut adalah zat yang terdapat pada semen. Abu sekam padi pada penelitian ini akan dibakar hingga suhu ±800 o C. Alkali aktivator yang digunakan adalah natrium hidroksida (NaOH) dan sodium silikat (Na 2 SO 3 ) dengan perbandingan 65% : 35%; 70% : 30%; dan 75% : 25% dari berat prekursor. Penelitian ini berjuan untuk mengitung kebutuhan mix design dari beton geopolimer menggunakan SNI 03-2834-2000 tentang tata cara pembutan rencana campuran beton normal Kata Kunci : Geopolimer, Na 2 SiO 3, NaOH, Prekursor, RHA ABSTRACT Geopolymer concrete is a concrete with main materials containing pozzolanic properties. Pozzolan is an ingredient that contains silica and alumina compounds. With its smooth shape, pozzolan can be reacted with an alkaline activator.Precursors or alternative materials to replace cement as a binder for geopolymer concrete typically use fly ash, rice husk ash, sugarcane bagasse, egg shells, and other materials that contains a lot of silicon and alumunium. Materials such as sodrium hydroxide (NaOH), and sodium silicate (Na 2 SO 3 ) are generally used as activators. The alternative ingredient used as replacement for cement used in this study is rice husk ash. Rice husk ash can be used as an alternative replacement for cement because rice husk ash is pozzolanic and contains about 87-97% of silica. These chemical substannces are generally found in cement. In this study, the rice husk ash is burned with temperatures up to ±800 o C. Alkaline activators used in this study are sodrium hydroxide (NaOH), and sodium silicate (Na 2 SO 3 ) with a ratio of 65% : 35%; 70% : 30%;and 75% : 25% by the precursors weight.This study aims to calculate the mix design using SNI 03-2834-2000 about the procedures for making a normal concreat mix design Keywords: Geopolimer, Na 2 SiO 3, NaOH, Prekursor, RHA
BRISK WALKING DAPAT MENURUNKAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI DESA KLUMPIT KECAMATAN GEBOG KABUPATEN KUDUS

Diabetes mellitus adalah gangguan kesehatan yang berupa kumpulan gejala yang disebabkan oleh peningkatan kadar gula darah akibat kekurangan atau resistensi insulin. DM dapat menimbulkan komplikasi seperti hipertensi, infark miokard, insufiensi koroner, retinopati diabetika, katarak, neuro diabetika. Salah satu penatalaksanaan untuk mengontrol kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes mellitus yaitu dengan melakukan latihan olahraga aerobic seperti brisk walking . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh brisk walking terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes mellitus di Desa klumpit Kecamatan GebogÂ Kabupaten Kudus. Penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen semu dengan pre test and post test non equivalent control group . Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 37 responden dengan teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah paired t test dan independent t test.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh keseimpulan sebagai berikut (1) ada pengaruh brisk walking terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah penderita diabetes mellitus di Desa klumpit Kecamatan GebogÂ Kabupaten Kudus dengan nilai p value : 0,007(a<0,05) (2) Ada perbedaan hasil penelitian antara kelompok intervensi dan non intervensi dengan nilai p : 0,002(a<0,05). Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh brisk walking terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes mellitus di Desa Klumpit Kecamatan GebogÂ Kabupaten Kudus Â Kata Kunci : Diabetes Mellitus, Brisk Walking , Glukosa Darah
Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU): a one year review in tertiary care hospital in Uttarakhand, India

Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is a common surgical emergency with 30 and 50% association with short-term mortality and morbidity. PPU presents as an acute abdominal condition with localized or generalized peritonitis and a high risk for developing sepsis and death. The pathogenesis involves an imbalance between the defensive (mucus-bicarbonate layer, prostaglandins, cellular renovation and blood flow) and aggressive factors (hydrochloric acid, pepsin, ethanol, bile salts, some medications etc.). Worldwide variation in Helicobacter pylori prevalence, demographic features and pattern of drug prescription make investigations into risk factors for PPU difficult. Complications of PPU include perforation, obstruction and bleeding. Although perforations are second to bleeding in frequency (about 1:6 ratio), they represent the most frequent indication for emergency surgery for peptic ulcer disease.
Intracellular mechanisms in chronic pain states

Neuropathic pain is a pervasive chronic condition that lacks adequate therapeutic treatment, making the identification of new candidate targets for drug development a priority. Underlying the development of this pathological pain state is a process of neuronal plasticity, termed central sensitisation that results in hyperexcitability of sensory neurons in the spinal cord. Stimulation of peripheral nociceptive inputs can cause downstream activation of kinases in the spinal dorsal horn that may contribute to the generation of this hyperexcitable state in the spinal cord. Here, using the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain, the role played by p42/44 and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases was addressed. Inhibition of both the p42/44 and p38 MAP kinase pathways attenuated the behavioural reflex sensitisation seen following nerve injury. The study explored the part played by spinal VPAC2 and NK2 receptors, (which respond to the afferent excitatory neuropeptides VIP and NKA respectively), in addition to glially mediated events in the activation of these kinases. Following nerve injury, both spinal activation of p42/44 and p38 MAP kinases and behavioural sensitisation (which was sensitive to p42/44 and p38 pathway inhibitors) was prevented by VPAC2, NK2 and NMDA receptor antagonists and glial or TNF-a inhibitors. The NMDA receptor, which is thought to be crucially involved in central sensitisation in the spinal cord, binds to the multivalent adapter protein PSD-95; an interaction which is necessary for the development of neuropathic behavioural reflex sensitisation. Here we show that mutant mice expressing a single point mutation in the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain of PSD-95 (PSD-95SH3W470L mutants), have intact neuropathic behavioural reflexes but blunted inflammatory responses. These findings indicate that different domains of the same protein may contribute selectively to different pain states. Examining further the role played by PSD-95, we found that the expression of both PSD95 and one of its signalling partner kinases, Pyk 2, was increased in the same superficial dorsal horn neurons following nerve injury. These studies suggest the importance of specific receptors and signalling pathways, non-neuronal cells and of proteimprotein
Health-Risk Factors and 8-Year Incidence of Kidney Disease in Transitional Thailand: Prospective Findings From a Large National Cohort Study

OBJECTIVE : Kidney disease (KD) is increasing its burden in Thailand but prospective observational KD studies are few. So we analysed 8-year nationwide Thai Cohort Study (TCS) data on KD incidence, distribution and risk association among Thais. DESIGN & METHOD : TCS is a longitudinal study of the Thai health-risk transition among Open University student residing nationwide. At baseline (2005) the cohort members analysed here were aged 15-88 years and did not have KD. At the follow up in 2013 (n=41638) incident KD was reported based on doctor diagnosis. We analysed the 8-year cumulative incidence of KD and its association with risk factors by using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS : The incidence of KD (2005 to 2013) was 4.0%; the rate in men (5.9) was significantly higher than in women (2.5). KD increased significantly for both increasing age and body mass index (BMI) (p trend <0.001 for both). Its incidence was strongly associated with concurrent diseases including hypertension, diabetes and high blood lipids and moderately associated with increased frequency of cigarette smoking, instant food, roast or smoked food and soft drink consumption. KD decreased with increases in personal income, household assets, walking and physical activity. CONCLUSION : Physical activity, high income and household assets prevented KD. Lifestyle changes such as smoking and high consumption of instant, roast or smoked food and soft drink increased risk of KD. Government should encourage more physical activity and less smoking, salt and sugar.
Analysis of Immunohistochemical Expression of p16ink4a in Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Squamous cell lesions of Cervix

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Pap smear screening and histopathological interpretation of cervical biopsy has significantly reduced the number of deaths due to cervical cancer. However, they provide little or no information regarding the association of HPV in precancerous lesion and invasive cervical cancer. Hence the need to use biomarker to know the association of HPV in those lesions in order to predict the risk of progression or regression and prognosis. P16INKa is a surrogate marker of HPV which fulfils all the above criteria. OBJECTIVES: 1. To evaluate the results of expression of p16INK4A in preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of cervix in order to assess the association of HPV infection in those lesions. 2. To study the pattern of expression of p16 in various histological types of cervical squamous cell lesions by p16 immunohistochemistry. 3. To compare p16 expression in various histological types of cervical squamous cell lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis of p16expression was performed on 60 paraffin embedded tissue samples, obtained from cervical biopsy including 25CIN I, 5CIN II, 4CIN III and 26 SCC. Two parameters were evaluated in p16 expression: Percentage ofp16 positive cells and reaction intensity of p16 immunostaining. The p16 expression was graded as Negative, Grade 1, 2, 3 and its reaction intensity was graded as Negative, Weak, Moderate, Strong. RESULTS: In the present study out of 60 cases, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma constituted majority (44%). Among CIN group , CIN I constituted majority of the preneoplstic lesions of cervix.p16 expression was seen in 28% of CIN I, 80% of CIN II, all CIN III and all SCC cases. Only one CIN I case show showed grade3 staining and strong reaction intensity, but most of the CIN II(60%), CIN III(100%) and SCC(96.15%) cases showed grade 3 staining. In our study there was a statistically significant correlation between p16 expression, reaction intensity and lesion severity. CONCLUSION: In the present study out of 60 cases, 68.33% of cases showed p16 positivity. In preneoplastic lesions, totally 44.12% of cases showed p16 positivity. In invasive squamous cell carcinoma cases, 100% cases showed p16 positivity. So p16 may be useful as an adjunct in histological sections to know the association of HPV in preneoplastic lesions lesions to predict the risk of progression of the disease and to plan proper treatment and in neoplastic lesions to predict the prognosis, since HPV negative SCC showed poor prognosis in literatures. In our study p16 expression was correlated well with increasing grade of CIN. So p16 has significant implication in diagnostic, prognostic and preventive aspects of cervical cancer.
Why Do Stock Repurchases Change Over Time?

Recent studies have shown the time trends of firm stock repurchase behavior. We examine these time changes for stock repurchase through the lens of real activities earnings management. Managers appear more likely to manipulate earnings through stock repurchases since the passage of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX) in 2002. Furthermore, suspect firms that just missed analyst earnings per share forecasts have higher incentives to manipulate earnings through stock repurchases. The results are not driven by changes in corporate governance associated with the passage of SOX. Overall, our results suggest earnings management can be a significant determinant of the dynamics of stock repurchases.
Acute effect of aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction on blood pressure and heart rate in healthy young subjects

The aim of the present study was to verify the acute effect of the aerobic exercise (AE) with blood flow restriction (BFR) upon systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) in health youngsters. Participated in the present study 13 young normotensive students (19.5 ± 1.7 years old). The sample was randomly divided into two experimental protocols: stationary race with BFR and stationary race without BFR. Subjects performed 5 sets of 2 minutes with 1 minute of rest interval for both protocols. SBP, DBP and HR were measured at rest, in the end of the exercises and during 60 minutes after conditions. The AE without BFR presented hypotensive effect 60 minutes post exercise (p= 0.029); the AE with and without BFR elevated significantly the SBP and HR immediately post exercise (p< 0.05) and the AE with BFR presented higher DBP and HR values immediately post-exercise when compared to AE without BFR (p= 0.001; p< 0.001, respectively). It is concluded that the AE without BFR does not seem to maximize the hypotensive effect, both sessions can increase SBP and HR immediately post-exercise with significant higher values in DBP and HR for AE with BFR.
Electronic control of lasing regimes in an all-fiber cavity with an electro-optic switch-coupler

We report a new method for electronic control of lasing regimes in lasers with compact all-fiber cavities. The method relies on incorporation of a waveguide electro-optic switch which plays the dual role as a variable output coupler and an intracavity intensity modulator. We explored this method in a laser comprised of a semiconductor optical amplifier and an all-fiber cavity. Nanosecond pulse lasing at 1540 nm was achieved in mode-locked, harmonically mode-locked, and cavity-dumping regimes at different repetition rates on kHz and MHz scales. This method is suitable for different fiber lasers and will allow even picosecond pulse lasing with an appropriately fast switch.
Development of the Short-Term Life Review Performed by Nurses as Spiritual and Psychological Care for Terminally Ill Cancer Patients

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop the ShortTerm Life Review (STLR) for performance by nurses as spiritual and psychological care for terminally ill cancer patients. Methods: Five nurses conducted the STLR. In the STLR, patients review their life, nurses made a simple album, the patient and the nurse confirmed the contents of the album. The nurses recorded comments in interviews. In the analysis, researchers selected themes of narratives, conducted a qualitative analysis of nurses’ comments, and did quantitative analysis for only a completion rate. Results: Nine of 10 patients completed the study that gave the completion rate of 90%. The themes of the narratives were family, children, human relationships, and enjoyment. These themes supported the professional findings of clinical psychologists. Comments from nurses focused on the benefits of the STLR to patients and nurses. Conclusion: Based on the high completion rate, narrative themes and comments from nurses, we developed an STLR program that can be performed effectively by nurses.
Politicisation management in the European Union

ABSTRACT Politicisation in the EU is mostly analysed as a domestic-level process constraining EU-level actors. Yet EU actors also engage in strategic politicisation management. This article theorises the conditions under which EU actors engage in either depoliticisation or politicisation strategies when they react to bottom-up pressures. It stipulates that politicisation management depends on the actors and issue context in question. Elected EU actors choose politicisation strategies, in particular if they represent challenger parties, deal with domestically salient and core state policies and are close to elections. By contrast, unelected EU actors prefer depoliticisation strategies except in the context of inter-institutional conflict. The politicisation of high-risk policies also produces depoliticisation. Recent empirical studies provide support to these conjectures and suggest that strategic politicisation management allows EU actors to maintain considerable room of manoeuvre.
Single switch quadratic boost converter with continuous input current for high voltage applications

In this paper, a novel non‐isolated very high step‐up DC‐DC converter is presented. The introduced converter benefits from various advantages, namely, very high voltage gain, low voltage stress on the active switch, and continuous input current with low ripple. Therefore, the presented converter is suitable for renewable energy applications. In addition, the energy of the leakage inductance of the coupled inductor is successfully recovered, and the voltage spike of the active switch is clamped during the turn‐off process. Hence, a switch with low Rds−on can be used, which decreases the conduction losses as well as cost of the converter. Furthermore, the voltage stress of the output diode is decreased, which reduces the reverse recovery problem. The steady‐state analysis and design considerations of the proposed converter are discussed. Finally, the theoretical analysis is validated with the experimental results at an output power of 150 W.
The Relationship between Nurses Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment

Nurses satisfaction has been linked to and impacted on many issues in the health care system, such as the outcome of care, patient satisfaction and organizational commitment. Organizational commitment and job satisfaction are attitudes related to jobs that have received considerable attention from researchers worldwide. Nurse role considered as very important to provide health care for patient with respect the improving the quality of care in health institutions. This study aimed: To assess the relationship between nurse's job satisfaction and organizational commitment in Saudi hospitals. Study design: A quantitative descriptive correlational survey of registered nurses (RNs) in Riyadh region. The data collection tools: Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Organization Commitment Questionnaire. Result: The study shows the correlations between nurse's job satisfaction and each dimension of organizational commitment were examined using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The correlation between nurse's job satisfaction and Affective commitment was positive and significant (r=0.636), Continue commitment (r=0.654) and Normative commitment (r=0.723) with (p<0.0) which means that nurses who are satisfied with their job have organizational commitment.
Security Governance: Mafia Control over Ordinary Crimes

Objectives: This study tests whether mafias, as archetypical criminal organizations that exert control over local communities, protect their territories against ordinary criminality. Our hypothesis is that mafias have both the incentives and the capacities to supply security governance to specific territories. This is a distinctive feature of mafias that deserves to be considered. Method: To understand whether mafias’ territorial control is associated with lower levels of ordinary criminality, we conduct a panel data analysis on 110 Italian provinces (2004 to 2015). System generalized method of moment and Driscoll–Kraay standard errors are performed to test our hypothesis. This study exploits an aggregated measure of thefts, robberies, and assaults as dependent variable. A standardized index derived from the number of active mafia groups in a province is our proxy of mafia control. Results: The article statistically shows that mafias limit ordinary criminality, whereas less stable and unstructured criminal groups do not. Conclusions: The results indicate that crime prevention and the maintenance of public order should be considered among the pillars of mafia’s governance. By controlling and reducing ordinary crimes, mafias overcome the role of law enforcement and institutional justice increasing consensus among the population. Consequently, the state may better contrast mafias by becoming a stronger supplier of security.
Study of relationship between ABO & Rh Blood group and Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus

Background & Objective: The findings of Arid et al, in 1953 regarding association between carcinoma of stomach and B blood group and successively in 1954 regarding association between peptic ulcer and O blood group opened a new approach to find association of blood group with other commonly occurring diseases. But there are conflicts of reports regarding association between diabetic mellitus (DM) (Type 2 ) and blood groups. Therefore the present study aims to find out whether there is any association between blood group and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: For this study diabetic patients of both sexes of Haldia and Tamluk subdivision reported in our associated Dr. B. C. Roy Hospital, Haldia are considered. The ABO blood group and Rh factor of both the groups were determined using the Tile or Slide testing method and the frequency of occurrence of ABO & Rh blood group among diabetic & non diabetic population was assessed. The frequency distribution of ABO blood group and Rh factor among the entire DM population was compared with that of general non diabetic population by Chi Square test. Result: The present study indicates that neither the frequency distribution of ABO group nor the Rh factor of diabetic subjects significantly differs from the non diabetic (control) group. Conclusion: The present study suggests that there might have no association between ABO blood group and Rh factor with diabetes mellitus.