Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salinity Modeling Using Deep Learning with Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning

Salinity management in estuarine systems is crucial for developing effective water-management strategies to maintain compliance and understand the impact of salt intrusion on water quality and availability. Understanding the temporal and spatial variations of salinity is a keystone of salinity-management practices. Process-based numerical models have been traditionally used to estimate the variations in salinity in estuarine environments. Advances in data-driven models (e.g., deep learning models) make them effective and efficient alternatives to process-based models. However, a discernible research gap exists in applying these advanced techniques to salinity modeling. The current study seeks to address this gap by exploring the innovative use of deep learning with data augmentation and transfer learning in salinity modeling, exemplified at 23 key salinity locations in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta which is the hub of the water-supply system of California. Historical, simulated (via a hydrodynamics and water quality model), and perturbed (to create a range of hydroclimatic and operational scenarios for data-augmentation purposes) flow, and salinity data are used to train a baseline multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and a deep learning Residual Long-Short-Term Memory (Res-LSTM) network. Four other deep learning models including LSTM, Residual Network (ResNet), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and Residual GRU (Res-GRU) are also examined. Results indicate that models pre-trained using augmented data demonstrate improved performance over models trained from scratch using only historical data (e.g., median Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency increased from around 0.5 to above 0.9). Moreover, the five deep learning models further boost the salinity estimation performance in comparison with the baseline MLP model, though the performance of the latter is acceptable. The models trained using augmented data are then (a) used to develop a web-based Salinity Dashboard (Dashboard) tool that allows the users (including those with no machine learning background) to quickly screen multiple management scenarios by altering inputs and visualizing the resulting salinity simulations interactively, and (b) transferred and adapted to estimate observed salinity. The study shows that transfer learning results more accurately replicate the observations compared to their counterparts from models trained from scratch without knowledge learned and transferred from augmented data (e.g., median Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency increased from around 0.4 to above 0.9). Overall, the study illustrates that deep learning models, particularly when pre-trained using augmented data, are promising supplements to existing process-based models in estuarine salinity modeling, while the Dashboard enables user engagement with those pre-trained models to inform decision-making efficiently and effectively.
Van Allen Probes observation of a 360° phase shift in the flux modulation of injected electrons by ULF waves

We present Van Allen Probe observation of drift‐resonance interaction between energetic electrons and ultralow frequency (ULF) waves on 29 October 2013. Oscillations in electron flux were observed at the period of ∼450 s, which is also the dominant period of the observed ULF magnetic pulsations. The phase shift of the electron fluxes (∼50 to 150 keV) across the estimated resonant energy (∼104 keV) is ∼360°. This phase relationship is different from the characteristic 180° phase shift as expected from the drift‐resonance theory. We speculate that the additional 180° phase difference arises from the inversion of electron phase space density (PSD) gradient, which in turn is caused by the drift motion of the substorm injected electrons. This PSD gradient adjusts the characteristic particle signatures in the drift‐resonance theory, which indicates a coupling effect between the magnetotail and the radiation belt and helps to better understand the wave‐particle interaction in the magnetosphere.
Three Tips for Publishing Your Paper in the Journal of Positive Sexuality

This editorial offers advice on the publication process including (a) reading and following the Journal submission guidelines, (b) not waiting for a paper to be perfect before submitting it, and (c) responding productively to editorial decisions. Specific guidance is offered for responding to revise-and-resubmit opportunities, including the purpose and format of a cover letter and how to respond to negative reviews.
Evaluation of the Combustion Characteristics of Rice Husk and Coconut Shell Briquettes

Combustion characteristics of rice husk and coconut shell briquettes have been investigated with a view of establishing its suitability as an energy source. The husk and shell were collected and carbonized in a furnace as rice husk charcoal (RHC) and coconut shell charcoal (CSC). These were further down sized and sieved to 2.5 mm particle size. The RHC and CSC were mixed in proportions of 50:45, 60:35, 70:25, 80:15, and 90:5% by weight respectively, and 5% cassava starch used as binder for all the compositions. The briquette samples were formed by thorough mixing and compaction in a metallic mold and extruded for drying and labelled 1 A, 2 A, 3 A, 4 A and 5 A respectively. Physical and mechanical as well combustion tests were performed to confirmed the viability of the briquettes. The results indicate that sample 1A had the highest calorific value (4886 cal/g). The other properties such as water content, ash content, density of briquettes also indicate their suitability as energy source.
The Effect of Company Ownership Structure on Profit Information with Earnings Opacity as An Intervening Variable

This study aims to determine the effect of Company Ownership Structure on Profit Informative with Earnings Opacity as an intervening variable. The company's ownership structure is measured by looking at the percentage of ownership of the controlling shareholders with ownership above 50%. Earnings informativeness is measured by earnings response coefficient (ERC). Meanwhile, earnings opacity is proxied by earnings smoothing as measured using the Eckel index. The research population includes manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. The sample selection method used was purposive sampling and 27 companies were selected with a total sample of 135 research data. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with SPSS version 25 software and path analysis with the help of an online sobel calculator. The results of this study indicate that the disclosure of Company Ownership Structure has a direct and significant negative effect on Profit Informativeness. Earnings opacity does not act as a mediator between the influence of Company Ownership Structure on Profit Informativeness.
Ethnobotanical knowledge and traditional practice in the frame of urban ecosystem services on the example of the city of Kragujevac (Serbia)

The ethnobotanical studies provide a generalized survey of ethnobotanical knowledge, traditional practices, and plant species utilization using by humans a range of provisioning ecosystem services, referring dominantly to rural and less to urban settlements. This study aims to answer the question of whether traditional ethnobotanical knowledge is applied in urban areas in the context of the selection and utilization of medicinal, aromatic, and wild edible plant species. The research was conducted in the urban area of the city of Kragujevac (central Serbia) in the period from May to October 2021. Data collection was performed "in situ" using semi-structured ethnobotanical face-to-face interviews with 43 respondents. The total number of finally selected plant species reported by respondents was 24. They were classified according to their purpose of use as medicinal, food, and ornamental. Herein, the analyzed urban population mostly utilized plant species for edible purposes.
The Differences Between the Application of the Think Pair Share (TPS) Cooperative Learning Model and the Conventional Model to Student Physics Learning Outcomes

The purpose of this study was to compare the application of the think pair share (TPS) learning method and conventional methods to student learning outcomes in physics learning. The type of research used is quasi-experimental (Quasy Experimental Design). The subjects in this study were two classes, namely 24 X MIPA 1 students as an experimental class using the Think Pair Share (TPS) learning method and 24 X MIPA 2 students as a control class using conventional methods. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data collection techniques using documentation, tests, and observations. The data analysis technique used in this study was the Independent Sample Test (t-test) with a significance level of 5%. Before the data were analyzed, a prerequisite test for normality analysis was carried out. The results showed that there were differences in the learning outcomes of students who were taught using the TPS method with conventional methods in physics subjects. Where the average post-test score for the experimental class was 72.45, higher than the control class, which was 51.54. These results indicate that student learning outcomes in the experimental class experienced a significant increase compared to the control class. The results of calculating the gain score for the experimental class obtained an average pre-test of 54.04 and a post-test of 72.45 so a Gain of 0.40 was obtained in the moderate category. Whereas in the control class, the average pre-test was 49.87 and the post-test was 51.54 so a gain of 0.03 was obtained in the low category. This shows that learning using the TPS method is better than using conventional methods.
Boundary Adaptive Robust Control of a Flexible Riser System With Input Nonlinearities

This paper focuses on adaptive robust vibration control for flexible riser systems affected by input nonlinearities and unknown external disturbances. An auxiliary system is constructed and adjusted to develop a boundary adaptive robust control for restraining the vibrational offset and eliminating the effect of input nonlinearities. Besides, an adaptive law of boundary disturbance upper-bound is constructed together with the vibration control strategy to estimate the magnitude of unknown boundary disturbance. Further, the convergence of states and stability of the system are ensured with the developed control scheme. By choosing the proper control parameters, the control performance is verified with the obtained simulation results.
Frictionless contact of a rigid stamp with a semi-plane in the presence of surface elasticity in the Steigmann–Ogden form

In this paper, the surface elasticity in the form proposed by Steigmann and Ogden is applied to study a plane problem of frictionless contact of a rigid stamp with an elastic upper semi-plane. The results of this work generalize the results for contact problems with Gurtin–Murdoch elasticity by including additional dependency on the curvature of the surface. The mechanical problem is reduced to a system of singular integro-differential equations, which is further regularized using the Fourier transform. The size dependency of the solutions of the problem is highlighted. It is observed that the curvature dependence of the surface energy is increasingly important at small scales. The numerical procedure of the solution of the system of singular integro-differential equations is presented, and numerical results are obtained for different values of the mechanical parameters.
Accurate range-based distributed localization of wireless sensor nodes using grey wolf optimizer

Various ranging techniques are frequently employed in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to determine the distance between a node and its neighboring anchor nodes. The distance measurement, as mentioned earlier is subsequently employed to estimate the location of the node whose location is unknown. The present paper presents an Accurate Localization Scheme that utilizes Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and is based on the Radio Signal Strength (RSS) ranging technique. The efficiency of our technique has been proved through extensive simulations, showing a consistent improvement in localization accuracy ratios and a decrease in location errors while maintaining cost-effectiveness.
Evaluation of yield and fatty acid composition of seed oils from cactus varieties resistant to Dactylopius opuntiae (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) in Morocco

The Cactus Opuntia spp. plant is important to Morocco's arid and semi-arid regions. The edible and cosmetic oil from prickly pear fruit seeds is very prized. Since Dactylopius Opuntiae first appeared in Morocco in 2014, hundreds of hectares of cactus have been devastated, causing environmental and socio-economic costs. Eight D. Opuntiae resistant varieties were selected, multiplied and transplanted throughout Morocco, as part of the government's nationwide cactus rehabilitation program. This research evaluated the production and fatty acid composition of the seed oil of these varieties. Oil extraction was carried out with the Soxhlet method using hexane and by mechanical screw press. The crude seed oil content obtained by hexane extraction ranged from 9.54% to 16.44% (w/w). Mechanical screw extraction recovered half the seeds' oil. The fatty acid profiles showed that the oils were highly unsaturated; UFA fraction represented 76.31 to 82.63% of total FA and UFA/SFA ratio of 3.48 to 5.36. Linoleic acid was the dominant and represented 61.50% to 68.35% of total FA. These results highlight the importance of cochineal-resistant cactus varieties as oil sources and alternatives to those destroyed and still threatened by the harmful scale pest that appeared in more than 20 countries.
Dust particle flux and size distribution in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko measured in situ by the COSIMA instrument on board Rosetta

Context. The COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer (COSIMA) on board Rosetta is dedicated to the collection and compositional analysis of the dust particles in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). Aims. Investigation of the physical properties of the dust particles collected along the comet trajectory around the Sun starting at a heliocentric distance of 3.5 AU. Methods. The flux, size distribution, and morphology of the dust particles collected in the vicinity of the nucleus of comet 67P were measured with a daily to weekly time resolution. Results. The particles collected by COSIMA can be classified according to their morphology into two main types: compact particles and porous aggregates. In low-resolution images, the porous material appears similar to the chondritic-porous interplanetary dust particles collected in Earth’s stratosphere in terms of texture. We show that this porous material represents 75% in volume and 50% in number of the large dust particles collected by COSIMA. Compact particles have typical sizes from a few tens of microns to a few hundreds of microns, while porous aggregates can be as large as a millimeter. The particles are not collected as a continuous flow but appear in bursts. This could be due to limited time resolution and/or fragmentation either in the collection funnel or few meters away from the spacecraft. The average collection rate of dust particles as a function of nucleo-centric distance shows that, at high phase angle, the dust flux follows a 1/ d 2 comet law, excluding fragmentation of the dust particles along their journey to the spacecraft. At low phase angle, the dust flux is much more dispersed compared to the 1/ d 2 comet law but cannot be explained by fragmentation of the particles along their trajectory since their velocity, indirectly deduced from the COSIMA data, does not support such a phenomenon. The cumulative size distribution of particles larger than 150 μ m follows a power law close to r − 0.8 ± 0.1 , confirming measurements made by another Rosetta dust instrument Grain Impact Analyser and Dust Accumulator (GIADA). The cumulative size distribution of particles between 30 μ m and 150 μ m has a power index of −1.9 ± 0.3. The excess of dust in the 10–100 μ m range in comparison to the 100 μ m–1 mm range together with no evidence for fragmentation in the inner coma, implies that these particles could have been released or fragmented at the nucleus right after lift-off of larger particles. Below 30 μ m, particles exhibit a flat size distribution. We interprete this knee in the size distribution at small sizes as the consequence of strong binding forces between the sub-constitutents. For aggregates smaller than 30 μ m, forces stronger than Van-der-Waals forces would be needed to break them apart.
Repeatability and Comparability of Retinal Blood Vessel Caliber Measurements by OCTA

Background: To investigate the repeatability in vessel caliber measurements by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: In this prospective study, 28 patients (47 eyes) underwent sequential OCTA imaging of the optic nerve head and macula. Two independent masked graders measured vessel caliber for sequential images of the optic nerve head and macula. The average vessel width was determined and variability between graders and images. Results: A total of 8400 measurements of 420 vessels from 84 OCTA images were included in the analysis. Overall, inter-grader agreement was excellent (ICC 0.90). The coefficient of variation (CoV) for all repeated OCTA images was 0.10. Greater glaucoma severity, older age, macular location, and diagnosis of diabetes were associated with thinner vessels (p < 0.05). CoV was higher in the peripapillary region (0.07) as compared to the macula (0.15). ICC was high for all subgroups except for the macula (ICC = 0.72). Conclusions: Overall, the repeatability of vessel caliber measurements by OCTA was high and variability low. There was greater variability in the measurement of macular vessels, possibly due to technical limitations in acquiring accurate vessel widths for smaller macular vessels.
Design and optimization of a new flow-mode magnetorheological mount with compact structure and extended workable force

Magnetorheological-fluid-based mount (MR mount) is a useful type of semi-active vibration control device that is extensively used in automotive, construction, and medical applications. However, these applications are usually limited by the workable force range of the MR mount. This paper proposed a new design of MR mount using multiple magnetic poles based on a compact valve structure. Then, a three-step optimization process with evaluation is applied into this mount design to find out the optimal mount design through a cost function damping-force-to-volume ratio (DFVR). Simulation results showed that this proposed MR mount obtained an excellent DFVR of 3.23×107 N m−3, which is significantly higher than those of other MR mounts. According to the high DFVR of this MR mount, it is obvious that this MR mount has compact structure and dimension, and high workable force. The proposed MR mount has strong potential for its utility in commercial applications.
GENETIC VARIABILITY IN ONION

Studies on genetic variability in onion exhibited significant differences among the ecotypes for most of the characters except for shape index indicating high magnitude of variability. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation were high as compared to genotypic coefficient of variation. Very high values for heritability were observed for the characters, volume of bulb (96.50 %) followed by bulb yield (91.62%). All other characters showed high heritability except for pyruvic acid content (14.99%). The characters like weight of plant, bulb length, bulb diameter, volume of bulb and bulb yield per plant recorded very high heritability estimates coupled with high genetic advance guiding for improvement of these characters by selection.
Powell-Sabin splines and multiresolution techniques

Powell-Sabin splines are piecewise quadratic polynomials with global continuity. In contrast to the widely used tensor product B-splines and NURBS, they are defined on triangular patches which has certain advantages. In this dissertation we place Powell-Sabin splines in a multiresolution context. Multiresolution techniques are concerned with the generation, representation and manipulation of geometric objects at different levels of detail. The main ingredient here is a subdivision scheme to compute a representation of a surface on a refined triangulation. Such a refined triangulation has more vertices and more and smaller triangles than the original triangulation. The new basis functions after subdivision have smaller support and give the designer more local control. It makes it possible to represent a surface on different levels of detail. A standard dyadic scheme cannot be used for non uniform triangulations where the vertices are not regularly spaced. Instead we propose a scheme. Applying this scheme twice results in a triadic scheme. When going back from a fine resolution level to a coarser resolution level, fine detail is lost. We develop a wavelet decomposition algorithm that transforms a fine scale surface into a coarse scale approximation and a detail part that lives in a complement space. We use the lifting paradigm with the triadic subdivision scheme as prediction step. Because the domain triangles need not to be uniform, we pay special attention to stability in the design of the update step. The multiresolution techniques for splines can only be applied in the functional case or when the object is defined as a parametric surface. We propose an extension of a dyadic subdivision algorithm voor uniform Powell-Sabin splines to arbitrary topologies. In this setting a surface is defined procedurally as the limit of a refinement process.
DRUG IN ADHESIVE TRANSDERMAL SYSTEM OF FUROSEMIDE: IN VITRO IN VIVO EVALUATION

Objective: The objective of the present work aims to check the effect of penetration enhancers on release kinetics in a novel drug in the adhesive transdermal system of furosemide. Methods: The adhesive systems were evaluated for pharmacotechnical properties and in vitro permeation of the drug through the excised rat epidermis. Among the DURO-TAKs screened for in vitro permeation studies. The results were quantified using RP-HPLC. The optimized drug in the adhesive system was subjected to in vivo kinetic studies using New Zealand male rabbits. The adhesive systems were further evaluated for tack properties and skin irritation studies. Results: DURO-TAK 2510 demonstrated a best permeation profile than DURO-TAK 2852. A combination of penetration enhancers was proved to more be efficient than alone, in the case of F9 (IPM: PG 7.5:2.5) maximum permeation of the drug (314.45±5.97 µg/cm2) was observed by the end of the study with a flux of 9.2052±0.33 μg/cm2/h. The optimized drug in the adhesive system was subjected to in vivo kinetic studies using New Zealand male rabbits. The studies confirmed that controlled release of the drug for a prolonged duration with an extended AUC and MRT decreased Cmax in adhesive systems compared to the oral route, which can provide a promising pharmacological effect the in the DIA system compared to the oral route. Conclusion: The findings in the present study confirmed that drugs in adhesive systems can provide promising results and can enhance both bioavailability and patient compliance with a combination of penetration enhancers in the development of DIA systems.