Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia After Cord Blood Transplantation: A Retrospective Single-Center Experience

Objective To describe the incidence, possible risk factors, and treatment options of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) occurring after cord blood transplantation (CBT). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the patients who underwent CBT at Peking University First Hospital between January 2004 and July 2022. Results We totally identified thirty-six patients who received CBT. Median age was 27.5 years (range, 1.6–52). With a median 6 (range 0.6–10.0) years survivor follow-up, six patients developed AIHA (2 Evans syndrome included) at a median of 168 (range, 122–264) days post-CBT for 8% cumulative incidence density 3 years. Its mortality was 50% and mainly associated with concomitant infections (CMV reactivation rate nearly 100%). The possible risk factors for developing AIHA are CMV reactivation, GvHD and HLA mismatch. Conclusion AIHA is a clinically significant common complication in recipients post-CBT. Corticosteroids combined with intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) is recommended for the treatment of warm antibody AIHA after CBT.
An algorithmic method to determine integrability for polynomial planar vector fields

In this paper we study some aspects of the integrability problem for polynomial vector fields $\dot{x}=P(x,y)$, $\skew1\dot{y}=Q(x,y)$. We analyze the possible existence of first integrals of the form $I(x,y)=e^{ h_1(x) \prod_{k=1}^r (y-a_k(x))/ \prod_{j=1}^s(y-f_j(x))} h_2(x)$$\prod_{i=1}^{\ell} (y-g_i(x))^{\alpha_i}$, where $g_i(x)$ and $f_j(x)$ are unknown particular solutions of $dy/dx=Q(x,y)/P(x,y)$, $\alpha_i \in \mathbb{C}$ are unknown constants, and $a_k(x)$, $h_1(x)$ and $h_2(x)$ are unknown functions. We give an algorithmic method to determine if the polynomial vector field has a first integral of the form above described. In the case when some of the particular solutions remain arbitrary and the other ones are explicitly determined or are functionally related to the arbitrary particular solutions, we will obtain a generalized nonlinear superposition principle, see [6]. In the case when all the particular solutions $g_i(x)$ and $f_j(x)$ are determined, they are algebraic functions and our algorithm gives an alternative method for determining such type of solutions.
Anti-NMDA Receptor Autoimmune Encephalitis: Diagnosis and Management Strategies

Abstract Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is the most recognized form of autoimmune encephalitis. It is characterized by a constellation of neurologic and psychiatric features along with positive NMDAR antibody, which is more sensitive and specific in CSF than serum. All patients should be screened at least once for neoplasm, with ovarian teratoma being found in most tumor-related cases. In the acute phase, first-line immunotherapy, often a combination of high-dose steroids, immunoglobulins, and/or plasma exchange, is strongly recommended. When first-line therapy fails, escalation to second-line immunotherapy, particularly rituximab, can further improve outcomes and prevent relapses. In refractory cases, additional complementary immunotherapies, such as cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and/or tocilizumab may be considered. Relapses occur in 10–30% of cases, mostly within the first two years from onset. Individuals should be followed up to determine if chronic maintenance therapy is required.
Accuracy of the SRK/T Formula in Pediatric Cataract Surgery

Purpose Determining IOL power is an important step in achieving the desired postoperative refractive target, but this determination remains challenging, as currently the used formulas were developed using IOL power calculations derived from adults. Patients and Methods This is a retrospective analytical study with the period of June 2018 to May 2019. All of the data were taken from medical records in referral tertiary eye hospital in Indonesia. All type of cataracts underwent uncomplicated surgeries and in-the-bag IOL implantation were included in this study, while aphakia, secondary IOL implantation, primary sulcus implantation, and history of ocular disorders were excluded. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon sign-rank, paired t, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results Sixty-seven patients (106 eyes) were found to meet the inclusion criteria, average age was 7.35 ± 4.61 years (1.00 to 17.00 years). Average targeted refraction was 1.69 ± 2.06 D (−0.38–+6.99 D), and spherical equivalent (actual postoperative refraction) was −0.90 ± 1.45 D (−4.38 to +2.75 D). There was statistically significant difference between preoperative targeted refraction and actual postoperative refraction (p < 0.001). Mean absolute prediction error (APE) in general was 1.34 ± 1.18 D, 1.22 ± 0.88 D (in short eyes), 1.52 ± 1.37 D (in moderate eyes), and 0.69 ± 0.52 D (in long eyes) (p = 0.202). Mean APE in age group <7 years old was 1.27 ± 1.18 D and ≥7 years-old was 1.42 ± 1.19 D (p = 0.429). Conclusion SRK/T formula is fairly accurate in calculating IOL power in pediatric cataract surgery. Mean APE in this study was within the range of accurate mean APE in pediatric patients despite differentiated axial length and age.
Temperature variation of ferromagnetic relaxation in the 3 d transition metals

We report measurements on the ferromagnetic resonance in single-crystal specimens of hcp Co, Ni, and Fe. The linewidth data have been analyzed to obtain the temperature dependence of the ferromagnetic relaxation frequency $\ensuremath{\lambda}$. These temperature dependences can be qualitatively understood in terms of recent theories. On the other hand, it turns out that in some cases $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ is essentially constant over wide ranges of temperature. This behavior is unexplained at present.
Recent advances predict a bright future for nebulizers

Purpose of review With the improvement in device technology and delivery methods of inhaled medications, along with development of novel compounds and recognition of the importance of personalized approach in the management of chronic airway diseases, nebulizers have not only maintained their place in the treatment hierarchy of airway disease but have also proven a vital platform for the development of new classes of drugs. Recent findings This short review explores recent advances in nebulized drug delivery in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other chronic airway diseases, emphasizing the progress in nebulizer technology, physiologic advantages of nebulized drug delivery and the high versatility of currently available and developing nebulizer-delivered pharmacotherapies. Summary Versatility and efficiency of nebulizers allows for a broad spectrum of existing and novel therapies to be clinically studied, facilitating the progress in phenotype-targeted pharmacotherapies in the management of chronic airway diseases
A Priority Queueing Model for a Mixture of Two Types of Customers

In this paper a queueing model is developed for a system serving two types of customers. Primary customers with a negative exponential service distribution arrive randomly to a group of servers. When all servers are busy with other primary customers new arrivals are assumed to leave without service. Secondary customers with a general distribution of service times can be served only by servers which are not occupied by a primary customer and join a queue if all servers are busy. Primary customers have preemptive priority and are always served ahead of secondary customers. The buffer containing the service required by the delayed secondary customers empties at a rate proportional to the number of servers not occupied by primary customers. Recursive formulas are derived for the distribution and the moments of the content of the buffer in statistical equilibrium. Numerical examples are presented.
Construction and Characterization of Functional FtsA Sandwich Fusions for Studies of FtsA Localization and Dynamics during Escherichia coli Cell Division

FtsA is a key conserved cell division protein, and E. coli is the most well studied model system for bacterial cell division. One obstacle to full understanding of this process is the lack of a fully functional fluorescent reporter for FtsA in vivo. Here, we describe a fluorescent fusion to E. coli FtsA that promotes efficient cell division in the absence of the native FtsA and can be used to monitor FtsA dynamics during cell division. ABSTRACT FtsA, a homolog of actin, is essential for cell division of Escherichia coli and is widely conserved among many bacteria. FtsA helps to tether polymers of the bacterial tubulin homolog FtsZ to the cytoplasmic membrane as part of the cytokinetic Z ring. GFP fusions to FtsA have illuminated FtsA’s localization in live E. coli, but these fusions have not been fully functional and required the presence of the native FtsA. Here, we characterize “sandwich” fusions of E. coli FtsA to either mCherry or msfGFP that are functional for cell division and exhibit fluorescent rings at midcell that persist throughout constriction until cell separation. FtsA within the Z ring moved circumferentially like FtsZ, and FtsA outside the rings formed highly dynamic patches at the membrane. Notably, both FtsA-mCherrysw and FtsA-msfGFPsw acted as mild hypermorphs, as they were not toxic when overproduced, bypassed the essential cell division protein ZipA, and suppressed several thermosensitive fts alleles, although not as effectively as the prototypical hypermorph FtsA*. Overall, our results indicate that fluorescent FtsA sandwich fusions can be used as the sole FtsA in E. coli and thus should shed new light on FtsA dynamics during the cell division cycle in this model system. IMPORTANCE FtsA is a key conserved cell division protein, and E. coli is the most well studied model system for bacterial cell division. One obstacle to full understanding of this process is the lack of a fully functional fluorescent reporter for FtsA in vivo. Here, we describe a fluorescent fusion to E. coli FtsA that promotes efficient cell division in the absence of the native FtsA and can be used to monitor FtsA dynamics during cell division.
Factors associated with distress and the impact of distress on acute health-care service utilization among patients diagnosed with breast and gynecological cancers.

OBJECTIVES Patients with cancer often have unmet needs (e.g., physical, psychosocial, and emotional) during their cancer journey, putting them at risk for distress. This study aimed to identify factors associated with distress and to investigate the association between distress and acute health-care services utilization in a cohort of breast and gynecological cancer patients across different survivorship stages. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who visited National Cancer Centre Singapore between September 2019 and July 2020. Distress was evaluated using the self-reported Distress Thermometer and Problem List, with a distress thermometer score ≥4 signifying high distress. Data were extracted from electronic medical records. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify demographic or clinical variables associated with distress and estimate the odds of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations within 30 days of distress screening, adjusted for covariates. RESULTS Of the 1386 patients included in the analysis, 510 (36.8%) reported high distress on their first distress screening. Variables associated with high distress included younger age, presence of psychiatric diagnosis, poorer Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and shorter duration from cancer diagnosis to distress screening. Patients with high distress were associated with higher odds of ED visits (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-4.43) and hospitalizations (adjusted OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.27-3.50) within 30 days of distress screening. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Self-reported high distress was associated with higher odds of increased acute health-care services utilization (ED visits and hospitalizations) in patients with breast and gynecological cancer. Identifying the subgroups at risk of high distress could trigger early interventions that reduce unplanned health-care services utilization and possibly health-care costs.
On Existence and Nonexistence in the Large of Solutions of Parabolic Differential Equations with a Nonlinear Boundary Condition

This paper deals with solutions $u(t,x)$ of parabolic differential inequalities (a) $u_1 \leqq Lu$, or (b) $u_1 \geqq Lu$, respectively, where L is a linear, weakly elliptic differential operator of second order. The behavior of u for large t is studied under the assumption, that on the lateral boundary a nonlinear boundary condition of the form (a) ${{\partial u} / {\partial v}} \leqq f(u)$, or (b) ${{\partial u} / {\partial v}} \geqq f(u)$, is imposed, where $f(z) \to \infty $ as $z \to \infty $. It is shown that the value of the integral $\int^\infty {{dz} / {f(z)f'(z)}}$ is crucial for the growth properties of u. If this integral is infinite, then we have the case of global existence, i.e., any solution u of (a) is bounded in bounded sets. If, on the other hand, the integral is finite, then all solutions u of (b) with large initial values become infinite in finite time.
Cortical speech tracking is related to individual prediction tendencies

Abstract Listening can be conceptualized as a process of active inference, in which the brain forms internal models to integrate auditory information in a complex interaction of bottom-up and top-down processes. We propose that individuals vary in their “prediction tendency” and that this variation contributes to experiential differences in everyday listening situations and shapes the cortical processing of acoustic input such as speech. Here, we presented tone sequences of varying entropy level, to independently quantify auditory prediction tendency (as the tendency to anticipate low-level acoustic features) for each individual. This measure was then used to predict cortical speech tracking in a multi speaker listening task, where participants listened to audiobooks narrated by a target speaker in isolation or interfered by 1 or 2 distractors. Furthermore, semantic violations were introduced into the story, to also examine effects of word surprisal during speech processing. Our results show that cortical speech tracking is related to prediction tendency. In addition, we find interactions between prediction tendency and background noise as well as word surprisal in disparate brain regions. Our findings suggest that individual prediction tendencies are generalizable across different listening situations and may serve as a valuable element to explain interindividual differences in natural listening situations.
Influence of Hormonal Contraceptive Use and HIV on Cervicovaginal Cytokines and Microbiota in Malawi

The results of the Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) trial, the first large randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the HIV acquisition risk of women receiving DMPA, the levonorgestrel (LNG) implant, or the copper intrauterine device (IUD), did not reveal an increased risk of HIV acquisition for women on any of these three contraceptives. Our study results confirm that the two different progestin-based hormonal contraceptives DMPA and levonogestrel will not increase the risk for HIV infection. ABSTRACT Important questions remain on how hormonal contraceptives alter the local immune environment and the microbiota in the female genital tract and how such effects may impact susceptibility to HIV infection. We leveraged samples from a previously conducted clinical trial of Malawian women with (n = 73) and without (n = 24) HIV infection randomized to depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) or the levonogestrel implant in equal numbers within each group and determined the effects of these hormonal contraceptives (HCs) on the vaginal immune milieu and the composition of the vaginal microbiota. Longitudinal data for soluble immune mediators, measured by multiplex bead arrays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and vaginal microbiota, assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon, were collected prior to and over a period of 180 days post-HC initiation. DMPA and levonogestrel had only minimal effects on the vaginal immune milieu and microbiota. In women with HIV, with the caveat of a small sample size, there was an association between the median log10 change in the interleukin-12 (IL-12)/IL-10 ratio in vaginal fluid at day 180 post-HC compared to baseline when these women were classified as having a community state type (CST) IV vaginal microbiota and were randomized to DMPA. Long-lasting alterations in soluble immune markers or shifts in microbiota composition were not observed. Furthermore, women with HIV did not exhibit increased viral shedding in the genital tract after HC initiation. Consistent with the results of the ECHO (Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes) trial, our data imply that the progestin-based HC DMPA and levonorgestrel are associated with minimal risk for women with HIV. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT02103660). IMPORTANCE The results of the Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) trial, the first large randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the HIV acquisition risk of women receiving DMPA, the levonorgestrel (LNG) implant, or the copper intrauterine device (IUD), did not reveal an increased risk of HIV acquisition for women on any of these three contraceptives. Our study results confirm that the two different progestin-based hormonal contraceptives DMPA and levonogestrel will not increase the risk for HIV infection. Furthermore, DMPA and levonogestrel have only minimal effects on the immune milieu and the microbiota in the vaginal tract, attesting to the safety of these hormonal contraceptives.
Turkish Translation/Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Analyses of the Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS)

In this study we translated the Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) into Turkish, adapted the instrument culturally, examined its psychometric properties within a Turkish population, and identified its limitations. We administered the AHEMD-IS to families of 65 premature or full-term Turkish infants and repeated this testing for 17 families after one-two weeks to establish test-retest reliability. We calculated the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach alpha coefficient to assess reliability, and we evaluated test validity using the Spearman’s correlation coefficient and correlations with the Bayley-III motor development score. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.846, and, for test-retest reliability, the ICC score was 0.830. The Turkish AHEMD-IS total score was moderately correlated with the Bayley-III fine motor development score (r = 0.469, p < 0.001), the Bayley-III gross motor development score (r = 0.533, p < 0.001), and the Bayley-III total motor development score (r = 0.526, p < 0.001). The Turkish version of the AHEMD-IS was found to be valid and reliable for children born prematurely or at full-term. The use of this questionnaire in Turkey will facilitate the creation of a home environment that will support motor development in children between 3-18 months of age.
Dense Cores in Dark Clouds. V. CO Outflow

Sixteen dense cores in nearby clouds having low-mass stars have been surveyed in the J = 1-0 line of C-12O at 2.6 mm with the 14-m Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory telescope in Massachusetts. Results suggest that CO outflows occur in more than half of the low-mass star-core systems and that the typical outflow lasts most of the life of the star-core system. The outflows are shown to be characterized by frequent incidence, long duration, and significantly great momentum and kinetic energy. These results indicate that outflows traced by CO may be the main agent of dispersal of low-mass cores. Outflows would thus play an important role in determining the main-sequence mass of low-mass stars. 53 references.
Posterior Malleolar Fracture Assessment: An Independent Interobserver and Intraobserver Validation of Three Computed Tomography-Based Classifications

Background: Posterior malleolus fractures occur in up to 50% of all ankle fractures. Several classification systems exist for their characterization, especially under CT. However, those classifications do not report the level of agreement or do it incompletely. This study aims to independently assess three posterior malleolus fracture classifications (Haraguchi, Bartoníček/Rammelt, and Mason). Methods: This study was designed according to the Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies. Ninety-four CT scans of patients with ankle fractures that had posterior malleolus fractures were included. Posterior malleolus fractures were assessed by six evaluators (three attending foot and ankle surgeons and three orthopaedic surgery residents) according to Haraguchi, Bartoníček/Rammelt, and Mason classifications. All images were reassessed by the same evaluators in a random sequence 3 weeks later. The kappa (k) coefficient was used to determine the interobserver and intraobserver agreement. Statistical significance was established using P < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The interobserver agreement was moderate for Haraguchi, Bartoníček/Rammelt, and Mason classifications with a global k value of 0.52 (95% CI, 0.43 to 0.60), 0.53 (95% CI, 0.46 to 0.61), and 0.54 (95% CI, 0.47 to 0.62), respectively. The intraobserver agreement was substantial for Haraguchi, Bartoníček/Rammelt, and Mason classifications, with an overall k value of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.64 to 0.74), 0.73 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.78), and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.78), respectively. Interobserver and intraobserver agreement among orthopaedic surgeons and residents had no significant difference. Conclusion: The current classifications for posterior malleolus fractures showed a substantial intraobserver agreement. Nevertheless, the interobserver agreement obtained was just moderate for all classifications, independent of the level of expertise of the evaluators.
Long-term patient-reported outcomes after anterior distraction osteogenesis of the maxilla in patients with cleft

Abstract Maxillary growth inhibition in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) is an undesired effect that may occur in the teens despite proper primary care. Dental malocclusion and distortion of facial appearance can be treated with external distraction osteogenesis (DO) of the maxilla. This entails a Le Fort I osteotomy, fastening a semi-circular distractor to the skull, distraction for three weeks, and fixation for three months before removal of the device. The aim of this descriptive long-term follow-up study was to evaluate DO of the maxilla from the patient-reported long-term perspective. Fourteen patients underwent a long-term follow-up including a questionnaire regarding their experience of DO. Sex, CLP diagnosis, age at DO and follow-up, and time required for active distraction and fixation were noted. Furthermore, documentation on rhinoplasty, lip plasty and velopharyngeal plasty after DO was registered. Objective results were assessed by a positive dental overjet in the front. Ten patients considered the distractor an everyday constraint, but all thought the procedure was worthwhile and would recommend it to others. Thirteen patients experienced improved bite and chewing, whereas one considered function unchanged. All were satisfied with their dental alignment. Three patients underwent a velopharyngeal plasty after DO. Moreover, six rhinoplasties and two lip plasties were performed. Despite a long and challenging treatment, teenagers and young adults with CLP and maxillary hypoplasia tolerate DO of the maxilla very well. Secondary measures to improve speech and appearance are often indicated.