Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of the Support on the Formation of Ni2P Based Catalysts by a New Synthetic Approach. Study of the Catalytic Activity in the Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene

A series of novel, active and easily synthesized nickel phosphide catalysts were prepared by means of temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) of Ni(HPO3H)2, and the role of the support on Ni2P formation and catalytic activity was studied. For this purpose four catalysts with a nickel loading of 10 wt % were synthesized by using two mesoporous supports, MCM-41 and zirconium doped MCM-41 (MCM-SiZr), as well as two commercial supports, SiO2 (Cab-osil) and γ-Al2O3. The dibenzothiophene (DBT) hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity was measured for these Ni2P based catalysts, displaying good activity. All catalysts reached high DBT conversion values at high temperatures, with the DDS (direct desulfurization) route being favored, i.e. yielding mainly biphenyl (BP). Silica supported catalysts, Ni2P-10 (Si) and Ni2P-10 (Cab), proved highly stable with time on stream (48 h) with conversion values close to 100%. More acidic supports provided lower conversion values and underwent deactivation. Thus, Ni2P-10 (Zr) catalyst.
Confirmation of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Peak Attributions of Nanoparticulate Iron Oxides, Using Symmetric Peak Component Line Shapes

We use high purity Fe oxide nanoparticles to confirm the Fe 2p X-ray photoemission peak attributions made in our previous study of Fe nanoparticles and the initial stage of their oxidation. To accomplish this, we have found it necessary to consider the spectral contributions of the ligand field of the Fe−O crystal structure, the crystalline disorder at the nanoparticle surface, and the Russell−Saunders broadening of the FeIII components of the Fe 2p spectra.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial action of the ethanol extracts of Salvia pratensis L., Salvia glutinosa L. and Salvia aethiopis L.

In this paper the chemical composition and antimicrobial action of the extracts from the flower, leaf and stem of Salvia pratensis L. , Salvia glutinosa L. and Salvia aethiopis L. were investigated. The investigated extracts mostly contain monoterpenes to a high de- gree, except the flower extract of S. pratensis and the leaf extract of S. glutinosa where sesquiterpenes were found in great amounts. Diterpenes were found only in the extracts of S. aethiopis. All these extracts contained 1,8-cineole (to the highest degree (19.1 %) in the stem extract of S. glutinosa) and beta-caryophyllene (to the highest degree (7.0 %) in the flower extract of S. pratensis). The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were determined by the diffusion and dilution method.
Properties of reactively sputtered NbN films

The variation of the properties of niobium nitride (NbN) thin films as a function of argon partial pressure and nitrogen flow were studied. The films were deposited by dc reactive planar magnetron sputtering onto unheated substrates. All of the films were superconducting and had the B1, face‐centered cubic crystal structure. A number of films deposited at argon partial pressures of 5 and 7 mTorr had superconducting critical temperatures (Tc ) of 15.6 K and grain sizes of 100–120 nm. The film morphology showed a zone 1 to zone T transition as the argon partial pressure was decreased from 12 to 5 mTorr. Films deposited below 5 mTorr exhibited excessive tensile stress (>1.9×109 N/m2) and delaminated from the substrate.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-itaconic Acid) Gels and Analysis of pH and Temperature Sensitivity

Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-itaconic acid), P(VC-co-IA), gels were synthesized in ethanol by using the free radical cross-linking polymerization method at 60 °C for 24 h in the presence of azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) and allyl methacrylate (AMA) as the initiator and the cross-linking agent, respectively. In order to determine the effect of the synthesis medium on the percentage of gelation (PG) and equilibrium swelling value (ESV), an ethanol/distilled water mixture (80:20, v/v) was also used as the synthesis medium for poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVC) and P(VC-co-IA) gels. The swelling behaviors of the gels were investigated in distilled water at various temperatures and in different pH buffer solutions. Structural, morphologic, and thermal characterization studies of the gels were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The lowest PG and highest ESV were obtained for the gel including 5 m.
Degradation of Charge Collection Efficiency Obtained for 6H-SiC n+p Diodes Irradiated with Gold Ions

The charge generated in 6H-SiC n+p diodes by gold (Au) ion irradiation at an energy of 12 MeV was evaluated using the Transient Ion Beam Induced Current (TIBIC). The signal peak of the transient current increases, and the fall-time decreases with increasing applied reverse bias. The value of collected charge experimentally obtained is smaller than the ideal value. The Charge Collection Efficiency (CCE) of 6H-SiC n+p diodes irradiated with Au ions is approximately 50 % in spite that the CCE of 100 % is obtained in the case of oxygen (O) ion irradiation.
Determining grain resolved stresses in polycrystalline materials using three-dimensional X-ray diffraction

An algorithm is presented for characterization of the grain resolved (type II) stress states in a polycrystalline sample based on monochromatic X-ray diffraction data. The algorithm is a robust 12-parameter-per-grain fit of the centre-of-mass grain positions, orientations and stress tensors including error estimation and outlier rejection. The algorithm is validated by simulations and by two experiments on interstitial free steel. In the first experiment, using only a far-field detector and a rotation range of 2 × 110°, 96 grains in one layer were monitored during elastic loading and unloading. Very consistent results were obtained, with mean resolutions for each grain of approximately 10 µm in position, 0.05° in orientation, and 8, 20 and 13 × 10−5 in the axial, normal and shear components of the strain, respectively. The corresponding mean deviations in stress are 30, 50 and 15 MPa in the axial, normal and shear components, respectively, though some grains may have larger errors. In the second experiment, where a near-field detector was added, ∼2000 grains were characterized with a positional accuracy of 3 µm.
Associations among Heavy Metals and Proteinuria and Chronic Kidney Disease

Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing annually in Taiwan. In addition to traditional risk factors, heavy metals contribute to the development of CKD. The aim of this study was to investigate associations among heavy metals and proteinuria and CKD in the general population in Southern Taiwan. We also explored the interaction and synergetic effects among heavy metals on proteinuria. Methods: We conducted a health survey in the general population living in Southern Taiwan between June 2016 and September 2018. Seven heavy metals were measured: blood lead (Pb) and urine nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd). Proteinuria was measured using reagent strips. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results: The mean age of the 2447 participants was 55.1 ± 13.2 years and included 977 males and 1470 females. Participants with high blood Pb and high urine Ni, Mn, Cu, and Cd were significantly associated with proteinuria. Interactions between blood Pb and urine Cr, and between urine Cd and Cu, had significant effects on proteinuria. The participants with high blood Pb and high urine Cu were significantly associated with an eGFR of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion: High blood Pb and high urine Cu may be associated with proteinuria and an eGFR of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. High urine Ni, Mn, and Cd were significantly associated with proteinuria. Co-exposure to Cd and Cu, and Pb and Cr, may have synergistic effects on proteinuria.
An all‐electron numerical method for solving the local density functional for polyatomic molecules

A method for accurate and efficient local density functional calculations (LDF) on molecules is described and presented with results. The method, Dmol for short, uses fast convergent three‐dimensional numerical integrations to calculate the matrix elements occurring in the Ritz variation method. The flexibility of the integration technique opens the way to use the most efficient variational basis sets. A practical choice of numerical basis sets is shown with a built‐in capability to reach the LDF dissociation limit exactly. Dmol includes also an efficient, exact approach for calculating the electrostatic potential. Results on small molecules illustrate present accuracy and error properties of the method. Computational effort for this method grows to leading order with the cube of the molecule size. Except for the solution of an algebraic eigenvalue problem the method can be refined to quadratic growth for large molecules.
PET/CT Imaging for Personalized Management of Infectious Diseases

Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a nuclear imaging technique which is increasingly being used in infectious diseases. Because infection foci often consume more glucose than surrounding tissue, most infections can be diagnosed with PET/CT using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG), an analogue of glucose labeled with Fluorine-18. In this review, we discuss common infectious diseases in which FDG-PET/CT is currently applied including bloodstream infection of unknown origin, infective endocarditis, vascular graft infection, spondylodiscitis, and cyst infections. Next, we highlight the latest developments within the field of PET/CT, including total body PET/CT, use of novel PET radiotracers, and potential future applications of PET/CT that will likely lead to increased capabilities for patient-tailored treatment of infectious diseases.
VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN NORTHERN VIETNAM: A CASE STUDY IN BA BE DISTRICT, BAC KAN PROVINCE

Vietnam is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to the impacts of climate change. Ethnic minorities in the northern mountainous regio ns are among the most vulnerable groups in Vietnam. This paper reports field research from Jul y 2009 to February 2010 which examines vulnerability and coping capacities to climate chan ge among Indigenous people in the northern mountainous regions of Vietnam where more than 12 m illion people of more than 30 ethnic groups live. Examples from three ethnic minority groups ( Tay, Dao, and H’Mong ) are used to show how inequalities influence coping and adaptive capacity at local level. Although they are all classified as ethnic minority groups and are living in the sam e administration unit, they are vulnerable in different ways to different stresses. The implicati on s that adaptation policy needs to capture this specificity. The study provides key insights into t he link between ethnicity and vulnerability and adaptation in the NMR.
Pattern and Causes of Tooth Extraction in Patients Reporting to a Teaching Dental Hospital

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the pattern and causes of tooth loss. This will be helpful for dental practitioners to be more vigilant regarding oral health care. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out at Islamabad Dental Hospital, an affiliated teaching dental hospital of Islamabad Medical & Dental College, Bharakahu. Dental extractions carried out over a period of one year and eight months were included in the study. Results: A total of 8355 patients (12562 extractions in a total) were evaluated with majority 50 years and above and predominance of females. Mandibular posterior teeth were frequently extracted, with mandibular 1 molar in dominance due to caries. Conclusion: Regardless of age, gender and set of dentition, caries was the key reason of most of the extractions. Mandibular first molar was the most commonly extracted tooth. Gender distribution indicated females in majority.
Health, educational and employment outcomes among children treated for a skin disorder: Scotland-wide retrospective record linkage cohort study of 766,244 children

Background To compare health, educational and employment outcomes of schoolchildren receiving medication for a skin disorder with peers. Methods This retrospective population cohort study linked eight Scotland-wide databases, covering dispensed prescriptions, hospital admissions, maternity records, death certificates, annual pupil census, school examinations, school absences/exclusions and unemployment to investigate educational (absence, exclusion, special educational need, academic attainment), employment, and health (admissions and mortality) outcomes of 766,244 children attending local authority run primary, secondary and special schools in Scotland between 2009 and 2013. Results After adjusting for sociodemographic and maternity confounders the 130,087 (17.0%) children treated for a skin disorder had increased hospitalisation, particularly within one year of commencing treatment (IRR 1.38, 95% CI 1.35–1.41, p<0.001) and mortality (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.18–1.90, p<0.001). They had greater special educational need (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.17–1.21, p<0.001) and more frequent absences from school (IRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.06–1.08, p<0.001) but did not exhibit poorer exam attainment or increased post-school unemployment. The associations remained after further adjustment for comorbid chronic conditions. Conclusions Despite increased hospitalisation, school absenteeism, and special educational need, children treated for a skin disorder did not have poorer exam attainment or employment outcomes. Whilst findings relating to educational and employment outcomes are reassuring, the association with increased risk of mortality is alarming and merits further investigation.
Normally-off AlGaN/GaN MOSHFETS with HfO2 gate oxide

Normally-off AlGaN/GaN MOSHFETs with a thick HfO2 as a gate oxide have been fabricated. The HfO2 with a thickness of 100 nm was deposited by pulsed-laser deposition. The threshold voltage was 3 V and the maximum drain current was 730 mA/mm at a gate voltage of 10 V. The maximum transconductance was 185 mS/mm, which was about 8 times larger than that of the GaN MOSFETs. The field effect mobility was 900–1500 cm2/Vs, which is also higher than that of the GaN MOSFETs. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Extensive genomic reshuffling involved in the karyotype evolution of genus Cerradomys (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae: Oryzomyini)

Abstract Rodents of the genus Cerradomys belong to the tribe Oryzomyini and present high chromosome variability with diploid numbers ranging from 2n=46 to 60. Classical cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with telomeric and whole chromosome-specific probes of another Oryzomyini, Oligoryzomys moojeni (OMO), were used to assess the karyotype evolution of the genus. Results were integrated into a molecular phylogeny to infer the hypothetical direction of chromosome changes. The telomeric FISH showed signals in telomeres in species that diverged early in the phylogeny, plus interstitial telomeric signals (ITS) in some species from the most derived clades (C. langguthi, C. vivoi, C. goytaca, and C. subflavus). Chromosome painting revealed homology from 23 segments of C. maracajuensis and C. marinhus to 32 of C. vivoi. Extensive chromosome reorganization was responsible for karyotypic differences in closely related species. Major drivers for genomic reshuffling were in tandem and centric fusion, fission, paracentric and pericentric inversions or centromere repositioning. Chromosome evolution was associated with an increase and decrease in diploid number in different lineages and ITS indicate remnants of ancient telomeres. Cytogenetics results corroborates that C. goytaca is not a junior synonym of C. subflavus since the karyotypic differences found may lead to reproductive isolation.
Ibuprofen and postoperative bleeding in children undergoing tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

ABSTRACT Introduction Ibuprofen is a drug widely used in children who underwent elective tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy because compared to the other Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) it is considered a safe drug with a low risk of postoperative bleeding. Areas covered We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing ibuprofen vs. placebo or not-NSAIDs drugs in children aged up to 17 years of age, who underwent elective tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. We searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane from 1990 through 30 April 2019. We searched www.clinicaltrials. gov for relevant ongoing studies. Our primary outcome was postoperative bleeding requiring surgical intervention. Secondary outcomes were postoperative bleeding not requiring further surgical intervention, the need for blood transfusion, nausea, vomiting, prolonged hospital stay, postoperative pain, and adverse events related to ibuprofen administration. The database search yielded 1227 patients from 7 studies. Expert opinion Given the imprecision of our estimates, the quality of evidence very low/moderate and the few RCTs identified, the results of this analysis were consistent with either a benefit or a detrimental effect of the administration of ibuprofen and do not provide a definitive answer to the review question. Further studies are needed on this important topic.
Boundary probe for measurement of current density and electric-field strength - with special reference to ionised gases

An active probe is described that is suitable for measurement of current density J and electric-field strength E over an electrode boundary. It is capable of high mechanical resolution, since spatial accuracy of 0.5 mm is readily obtainable. Calibration of the probe is in terms of its mechanical dimensions, so that J may be determined to within ±1%, and E to within ±5%. The measurement of E is dependent on those situations where the motion of carriers is due to electrical drift; so that, in gases, the mean free path of ions should be less than a probe diameter. No such restriction applies to J. The probe has an interesting characteristic that is shown to have considerable generality in ionised air at s.t. p. It may prove to possess much wider generality. The method is presented and verified for static fields. Gaseous discharges and electrolytes may be usefully examined, and their conductivity measured directly.
Low-pressure gas breakdown in uniform dc electric field

This paper studies in experiment and theory the breakdown of argon, nitrogen, air and oxygen in a uniform dc electric field at different discharge gaps L, discharge tube radii R and cathode materials. At arbitrary geometric dimensions of the cylindrical discharge vessel and cathode materials the ratio of the breakdown electric field value to the gas pressure p at the minimum of the breakdown curves is shown to remain constant, (Edc/p)min≈constant. A modified breakdown law for the low-pressure dc discharge Udc = f(pL,L/R) is obtained. That is, the breakdown voltage Udc is shown to depend not only on the product pL, but also on the ratio L/R. A method is presented enabling one to predict a dc breakdown curve in the cylindrical discharge vessel possessing arbitrary L and R values from the measured data on the dc breakdown.
Peptide Szeto-Schiller 31 ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway

Oxidative stress serves a key role in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. The peptide Szeto-Schiller (SS)31 is an efficacious antioxidant with the capacity to reduce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and scavenge free radicals. Although SS31 is involved in the pathophysiological process of various cardiovascular diseases, the role of SS31 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity remains unclear. To explore the effects of SS31 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, the present study first constructed DOX-induced cardiotoxicity models, in which H9c2 cells were incubated with 1 μM DOX for 24 h and C57BL/6 mice were administered DOX (20 mg/kg cumulative dose). The results of various assays in these models demonstrated that SS31 exhibited a cardioprotective effect in vitro and in vivo by attenuating the level of ROS, stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential and ameliorating myocardial apoptosis as well as fibrosis following treatment with DOX. Mechanistically, the results of the present study revealed that the p38 MAPK signaling pathway was inhibited by SS31 in DOX-treated H9c2 cells, which was associated with the cardioprotective function of SS31. In addition, P79350, a selective agonist of p38 MAPK, reversed the protective effects of SS31. Taken together, these results demonstrated the effects of SS31 on ameliorating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and indicated its potential as a drug for the treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
Comorbid Anxiety and Depression, Though Underdiagnosed, Are Not Associated with High Rates of Low-Value Care in Patients with COPD.

RATIONALE Patients with COPD and anxiety or depression experience more symptoms and exacerbations than patients without these comorbidities. Failure to provide beneficial COPD therapies to appropriate patients (underuse) and provision of potentially harmful therapies to patients without an appropriate indication (overuse) could contribute to respiratory symptoms and exacerbations. Anxiety and depression are known to affect the provision of health services for other comorbid conditions, therefore underuse or overuse of therapies may explain the increased risk of severe symptoms among these patients. OBJECTIVE To determine whether diagnosed anxiety and depression, as well as significant anxiety and depression symptoms, are associated with underuse and overuse of appropriate COPD therapies. METHODS We analyzed data from a multicenter prospective cohort study of 2376 participants (smokers and controls) enrolled between 2010-2015. We identified two subgroups of participants, one at risk for inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) overuse and one at risk for long-acting bronchodilator (LABD) underuse based on the 2011 GOLD statement. Our primary outcomes were self-reported overuse and underuse. Our primary exposures of interest were self-reported anxiety and depression and significant anxiety and depression symptoms. We adopted a propensity score method with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) adjusting for differences in prevalence of confounders and performed IPTW logistic regression to evaluate all associations between the exposures and outcomes. RESULTS Among the 1,783 study participants with COPD confirmed by spirometry, 667 (37.4%) did not have an indication for ICS while 985 (55.2%) had an indication for LABD. 25% (n=167) of patients reported ICS use and 72% (n=709) denied LABD use, in each subgroup respectively. Neither self-reported anxiety or depression nor significant anxiety and depression symptoms were associated with overuse or underuse. At least 50% of patients in both subgroups with significant symptoms of anxiety or depression did not report a pre-existing mental health diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Underuse of LABD and overuse of ICS are common but are not associated with comorbid anxiety or depression diagnosis or symptoms. Approximately 1/3 of individuals with COPD experience anxiety or depression and most are undiagnosed. There are significant opportunities to improve disease specific and patient-centered treatment for individuals with COPD.