Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of hydrotherapy in patients with chronic low back pain

Introduction. Low back pain is the most common musculoskeletal disorder. Hydrotherapy may assist a variety of pathological conditions, including low back pain. The purpose of the study is to examine the effectiveness of hydrotherapy in chronic low back pain. Methods. A comprehensive search of PubMed, MEdLiNE, Elsevier, and Google Scholar was conducted for randomized controlled trials published in the period of 2009–2019 that investigated therapeutic aquatic exercise for low back pain. Particularly, the examined variables were (a) pain, (b) disability, (c) quality of life, (d) functional ability and physical condition, (e) psychological state, (f) body composition, (h) vertebral height and nerve compression symptoms, and (i) kinesiophobia. PEdro scale, which measures the methodological quality of randomized studies, was used. Results. overall, 13 studies were included and the results showed a relief of pain and disability and an improvement of quality of life and psychological state after hydrotherapy. in accordance with the PEdro scale, the average methodological quality of the studies was 5.08/10. Conclusions. Hydrotherapy may have a positive effect in patients with chronic low back pain. Further high-quality studies on a larger scale are required to confirm these results.
Evaluation of heavy metal pollution risk associated with road sediment

A detailed investigation has been conducted to assess the heavy metal pollution risk associated with the road deposited sediment collected from the 32 major road sites in Chittagong city. The acid digestion of road sediments for metals extraction was carried out prior to determine total concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd by using Polarized Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Z-2000) following standard analytical protocol. The contamination and pollution risk level were assessed using degree of contamination, potential ecological risk index and integrated pollution index. The study revealed that the mean heavy metal concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd were found as 975, 84, 77, 74, 32, 1.6 mg/kg, respectively, across the road sites in Chittagong city. The mean concentrations are found 1.1 to 44 times higher in comparison to soil background, signifying relatively greater enrichment for Zn, Cd and Pb across the sites, suggesting vehicular emission on roads with site-specific characteristics. Based on pollution indices, Ruby Cement, City Gate and Enayeth Bazar road sites pose high risk, while eight other sites are found with moderate to considerable risk potential, and remaining 21 sites pose low to moderate risk potential.
Studies on drip fertigation under different planting geometry in maize (Zea mays L.)

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2014, College of Agriculture, VC Farm, Mandya in red sandy loam soil. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with ten treatments and replicated thrice. The treatments comprised of two paired rows under drip viz., 30/60 and 30/90 cm with two irrigation levels (80 and 100 per cent CPE) along with two fertilizer combinations viz., conventional fertilizer nitrogen (Urea), potassium (MOP) fertigation with water soluble phosphorus (MAP) or soil application of phosphorus (SSP). The results revealed that paired row planting of maize (NAH-1137) at 30/90 cm with irrigation at 80 or 100 per cent CPE and conventional fertilizer nitrogen, potassium fertigation and soil applied or water soluble phosphorus recorded significantly higher growth parameters, yield parameters and kernel (7505 to 7732 kg ha) yield of maize over planting of maize at 45 or 60 cm row spacing with furrow irrigation and conventional fertilizer application. Similarly, the former treatments recorded higher total nutrient uptake at harvest, NUE and WUE and also B:C ratio (2.34 to 2.77). However, paired row planting of maize at 30/60 cm with similar drip fertigation recorded significantly lower values for above parameters.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES PRIVATE EQUITY AND COVID-19

We survey more than 200 private equity (PE) managers from firms with $1.9 trillion of assets under management (AUM) about their portfolio performance, decisionmaking and activities during the Covid-19 pandemic. Given that PE managers have significant incentives to maximize value, their actions during the current pandemic should indicate what they perceive as being important for both the preservation and creation of value. PE managers believe that 40% of their portfolio companies are moderately negatively affected and 10% are very negatively affected by the pandemic. The private equity managers—both investment and operating partners— are actively engaged in the operations, governance, and financing in all of their current portfolio companies. These activities are more intensively pursued in those companies that have been more severely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. As a result of the pandemic, they expect the performance of their existing funds to decline. They are more pessimistic about that decline than the VCs surveyed in Gompers et al. (2020b). Despite the pandemic, private equity managers are seeking new investments. Relative to the 2012 survey results reported in Gompers, Kaplan, and Mukharlyamov (2016): the PE investors place a greater weight on revenue growth for value creation; they give a larger equity stake to management teams; and, they also appear to target somewhat lower returns. Paul A. Gompers Harvard Business School Baker Library 263 Soldiers Field Boston, MA 02163 and NBER pgompers@hbs.edu Steven N. Kaplan Booth School of Business The University of Chicago 5807 South Woodlawn Avenue Chicago, IL 60637 and NBER steven.kaplan@chicagobooth.edu Vladimir Mukharlyamov McDonough School of Business Georgetown University 3700 O St NW Washington, DC 20057 vladimir.mukharlyamov@georgetown.edu
Vulnerability of the biota in riverine and seasonally flooded habitats to damming of Amazonian rivers

Asian School of the Environment and Earth Observatory of Singapore (EOS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Brazil Institute of Floodplain Ecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Rastatt, Germany National Institute of Education (NIE), NanyangTechnological University, Singapore Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California, USA Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Trend-Cycle Decomposition of the Brazilian GDP: New Facts for the period between 1947 and 2012

We provide information about the Brazilian business cycle from 1947 to 2012, by suggesting a new method that averages over a variety of HP-filters and creates a set of facts which are more related to CODACE dates of expansions and recessions. The main findings are that Brazilian business cycle is asymmetric, with expansions lasting longer than recessions; the longterm trend presented a noticeable flatter slope after the 1980s, thus, real long-term growth rate decreased by 50%, from 8% per year, between 1947 and 1980, to 4% per year after that; and, output volatility decreased after 1996-1997, when a statistically significant structural break occurred.
How Microanalysis Can Be Discriminant on Black Pompeian Wares

In the present work the advantages of punctual approaches are discussed in the discrimination of black wares from the Sanctuary of Venus Fisica (Pompeii, Italy), dated between the 2nd and 1st century BC. Black-gloss ware and "bucchero" samples are analyzed by a multi-analytical approach including optical microscopy (OM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) to investigate the mineralogical and petrographic features of these artefacts. Grain size, firing conditions and potter’s expertise influenced the final appearance of the superficial decorative black layer. In addition, punctual chemical analysis was fundamental to verify the archaeological indication of specific production sites.
SPATIAL AND STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTION MODELS USING THE CBR TEST

The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is the most comm on test used in the design of pavements. This sim ple test has many pitfalls in its application. This is an empir ical test, and one must be aware of its many consid erations if the design value is to be appropriately applied. A design value must consider its spatial variation, level of compaction and its relationship with its surrounding layers. The design risk is used to determine the characteri stic value for a given project. Characterisation using the spatial and statistical variation of a CBR is used for a projec t site in Queensland to illustrate the requirement to use an appropriate prediction model. The results of this curve fitting show the normal distribution is inappropriate due to negative values and the lognormal distribution is an appropriate st ati ical model to characterize the design CBR.
The effect of accent strength in lecturers’ Dutch-English pronunciation on the speaker evaluations of Dutch students with different study backgrounds

There have been only a few studies on the effect of accent strength on evaluations of non-native English (NNE) accents by non-native listeners in an educational context. This study investigated the effect of accent strength on speaker evaluations in an educational context, and whether the educational background and degree of language sensitivity of the students had an effect on their evaluations of the speakers as well. 183 Dutch students filled in an online questionnaire in which they evaluated two fragments of a lecture in English, that were recorded by six male speakers and classified on degree of accentedness (moderate, slight and native) by expert judges. The moderately accented speakers were evaluated as less competent, less confident and less qualified teachers than the slightly accented and native instructors. There was no effect of accent strength on perceptions of comprehensibility and intelligibility. Arts students rated speakers higher on dependability and likeability than students of natural sciences. Students that scored high on language sensitivity rated the speakers higher on competence, likeability and intelligibility. Language sensitivity was shown to be a predictor of perceptions of likeability and intelligibility. In conclusion, degree of accentedness in English, study background and language sensitivity affect NNE listeners attitudinal evaluations.
Digital Phenotyping of Big Five Personality Traits via Facebook Data Mining: A Meta-Analysis

Background : About 2.5 billion people around the world currently have an active account on Facebook. By interacting with Facebook, users generate a vast dataset of information with potential links to psychological and behavioral characteristics. In particular, several researchers have already demonstrated that it is feasible to predict personality from activity logs, posted text, or “Like” behaviors on Facebook. Objectives: In this study, we carried out a meta-analysis of the available literature on predicting personality from Facebook data. Methods: Meta-analysis computations were performed using a multilevel approach. Results: Results showed that, on average, the accuracy of prediction of user personality scores through the mining of Facebook data is moderate (r = .34). However, prediction accuracy was improved when models included demographic variables, and multiple types of digital footprints. Discussions: Currently, generating personality predictions from Facebook data is feasible, but accuracy is at best moderate. Therefore, current predictions cannot be used for assessment purposes at the individual level, but may provide useful information when conducting group-level assessments. However, prediction accuracy is expected to improve as larger datasets and new types of data are mined for prediction purposes.
IMAGING TREE ROOT ZONE GEOMETRY USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY

Root zone geometry research is usually done in a conventional way which is destructive, time-consuming, and requires a considerable cost. Several non-destructive measurements used geophysical methods have been developed, one of which is the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method. Tree root zone determination using ERT has been carried out in Kiara Payung area, Sumedang, West Java, with Maesopsis eminii tree as the object study. A total of 29 ERT lines were measured using dipoledipole configuration with electrodes spacing of 50 cm. The results of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) inversion modeling show that the ERT method has been successfully imaging the tree root zone. The root zone is characterized as 100-700 Ωm with an elliptical shape geometry of the root plate. The root radius is estimated to be 4-5 m from the stem, the root zone diameter reaches 8-9 m at the shallow soil surface and the root zone depth is approximately 2-2.5 m. ABSTRAK Pencitraan geometri zona perakaran pohon menggunakan electrical resistivity tomography. Penelitian geometri zona perakaran biasa dilakukan dengan cara konvensional yang destruktif, memakan waktu, dan membutuhkan biaya yang tidak sedikit. Beberapa pengukuran non-destruktif menggunakan metode geofisika telah dikembangkan, salah satunya adalah metode Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). Penentuan zona perakaran pohon menggunakan metode ERT telah dilakukan di daerah Kiara Payung, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, dengan pohon Maesopsis eminii sebagai objek studi. Sebanyak 29 lintasan ERT diukur menggunakan konfigurasi dipole-dipole pada dengan jarak antar elektroda 50 cm. Hasil pemodelan inversi dua dimensi (2D) dan tiga dimensi (3D) menunjukkan bahwa metode ERT telah berhasil mencitrakan zona perakaran pohon. Zona perakaran teridentifikasi berada pada nilai resistivitas 100-700 Ωm dengan root plate dan root cross-sections berbentuk elips. Radius akar diperkirakan sejauh 4-5 m dari pangkal batang, sedangkan diameter zona perakaran mencapai sekitar 8-9 m di permukaan tanah dangkal dan kedalaman zona perakaran diperkirakan antara ~2-2.5 m.
Analysing Food Consumption in Indonesia

This study analyzed the patterns of food consumption of communities in Indonesia. The data used was the National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data in 2016. The method used to achieve the research objectives was descriptive statistical analysis. The results obtained showed that the average household income in Indonesia in 2016 amounted to IDR 3,469,497/household and dominated by family heads with an education level equivalent to the elementary school of 60.65%. Rice was the most consumed commodity with a participation rate of 97.27 %, and this was also evidenced that rice is an important source of food in the community. The share of expenditure allocated by households to buy rice was 17 %. Based on the results, the government should promote a food diversification program so it can reduce people's dependence on rice and strengthen the food security in Indonesia.
Determination of the reproductive characteristics of Saanen goats using estrus synchronization and the growth performances of kids

This study aimed to determine the reproductive characteristics of Saanen goats of Australian origin using an estrus synchronization program with hormones (MPA and PMSG) in two different mating periods (Period I and Period II) and to investigate the survival rates and growth performances of kids. According to the results of the research, it was determined that pregnancy rate and litter size were higher in the mating period I (87% and 2.16) compared to mating period II (80.5% and 2.03), and it is hypothesized that this situation is related to the length of dry period of the goats. Although the mortality rate (P˂0.001), and body weight (P˂0.05) at birth were affected by kidding season, the survival rate and their body weights of the Saanen-kids at days 30, 60, 90, and 120 were not affected by the kidding season (P>0.05). These results indicate that the kidding season should be an environmental factor to be taken into account when planning the production. In addition to this, it is important to optimize the care and management conditions, especially during the kidding season, due to the high multiple birth types for the estrus synchronization program in Saanen goats.
Big Data Application and its Impact on Education

Big data is employed in widely different fields; we here study how education uses big data. We review the literature of the research about big data in education in the time interval from 2010 to 2020 then review the process of big educational data mining, the tools, and the applications of big data in education. This paper, with the help of these applications, explores the idea to improve the education process. Two methods are applied to validate education process and many parameters are discussed to complete the research.
Assessing the Impact of Microfinance Services at Individual Level: A Comparative Study of Women Empowerment in Pakistan

Background/Objectives: Some recent studies have empirically proved that micro-finance schemes launched for women empowerment have failed to attain their required goals as women are just used as a tool to get loans; In this context, the present study is undertaken to verify the usefulness of microcredit for women empowerment in Pakistan. Methods/Statistical analysis: Quantitative approach is used to assess the impact of microfinance loan services on women economic empowerment and to see whether members of microfinance institutes are equally empowered to the nonmembers. For this purpose, survey was conducted in Multan District of Punjab, Pakistan. Independent sample t-test is used to estimate the difference between two independent groups of participants. In a sample size of 300 women, 200 are participants of MFI while rest of the 100 are non-participants. The data has been analyzed by using Independent-samples t-test, as it is the comparison of two different independent groups. Findings: The study shows that women members of micro-finance institutions (MFIs) are more empowered compared to non-members. Overall, the results show that there is a positive relationship between MFI and women economic empowerment in Multan. Women participants of MFI have greater role in decision-making, more autonomy inmobility, greater control over income and savings generated from income generating activities, more role in employment generation and increased ownership of productive assets and property than non-member MFIs. Novelty/Applications: The current study presents a case for a nuanced and more-sophisticated analysis of the linkages between MFIs memberships and women's empowerment. Empowerment alonemay not automatically lead to empowerment, but networks and guidance also important factors that can determine the success or failure of the empowerment approach. Thus, MFIs should hold meetings with women to guide them about the proper use of loan in their business activities.
Gender diversity and financial performance of the stock exchange listed companies

This work deals with gender diversity in businesses, a subject that is increasingly debated in both the social and financial spheres. The interest in gender diversity is not new and dates back to the work of Adler (2001), Adams and Ferreira (2009), Gordini and Rancati (2017), and several other works. Like these studies, we note that the role of women in of the most controversial society remains one which still and subjects in corporate governance c the we look at raises questions. When ondition of women in different countries, we see that everywhere women have rights that are lower than those of men. The objective of this paper is to examine the relevance of the increase of women’s representativity on the boards and its effect on the improvement of the firm performance. Our reflection is to examine what then is the role of board gender diversity on financial performance of a firm? Gender diversity will therefore be studied from the perspective of women’s contribution to business performance. Ar the first to be considered Tunisia is ab Muslim country to have women’s freedom and participation in the economic and business world. Despite these advances in women’s freedom and the launch of laws that protect them, Tunisia still has a few women in positions of responsibility in business (manager, entrepreneur, etc.) but we cannot forget women Tunisian has always played a significant role in the political and economic life of society. So that the diversity of the board of directors comes today as a social activity of the company, Abstract
Genetical Effect of Different Cytoplasms on Rice Cooking, Milling and Nutrient Qualities in Indica Type Hybrid Rice

The rice quality characteristics were studied by variance analysis with 14 combinations from 7 homonucleus-alloplasmic lines crossed with two restorer by 7×2 partial dialled cross design. The results indicated as follows: 1) The effect of cytoplasms was not significantly different in alkali spreading value but significantly different in fat content and protein content and highly significantly different in gel consisten- cy, amylose content, brown rice rate. 2) The effect of nucleus was not significantly differ- ent in alkali spreading value and gel consistency, but significantly different in brown rice rate and highly significantly different in fat content, protein content, amylose content. 3) The effect of nucleus-cytoplasm interaction was not significantly different in alkali spreading value and fat content but highly significantly different in gel consistency, brown rice rate, amylose content, protein content. Most of male sterility cytoplasm showed positive effect or the same one as fertile cytoplasm and a few of male sterility cytoplasm showed negative. It suggested that some quality characteristics of rice were controlled by nucleic gene, cytoplasmic gene and nucleus-cytoplasmic gene interaction but nucleic gene was prominent.
The Ekman spiral for piecewise-uniform viscosity

Abstract. We re-visit Ekman's ( 1905 ) classic problem of wind-stress-induced ocean currents to help interpret observed deviations from Ekman's theory, in particular from the predicted surface current deflection of 45 ∘ . While previous studies have shown that such deviations can be explained by a vertical eddy viscosity varying with depth, as opposed to the constant profile taken by Ekman, analytical progress has been impeded by the difficulty in solving Ekman's equation. Herein, we present a solution for piecewise-constant eddy viscosity which enables a comprehensive understanding of how the surface deflection angle depends on the vertical profile of eddy viscosity. For two layers, the dimensionless problem depends only on the depth of the upper layer and the ratio of layer viscosities. A single diagram then allows one to understand the dependence of the deflection angle on these two parameters.