Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of Behavioral Activation Theory to Identify Use of Behavioral Activation Theory to Identify Depression among HIV-Positive Women of Color in Depression among HIV-Positive Women of Color in the Rural South the Rural South

Women of color (WOC) are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic in the Southern United States and are at increased risk of infection, mortality and being lost to care. It has been found that compared to Whites, WOC are more likely to have more negative views towards mental illness and are less likely to seek help. The research presented here considers how depression acts as a barrier to health care and discusses the challenge that WOC face in identifying and naming depression. The Behavioral Activation Theory, posits that women may show depression through their behaviors even if they don’t explicitly name depression as an experience. Using behavioral activation theory, we attempted to 1) identify the likely prevalence of depression in WOC with HIV, even among those who may not verbally acknowledge being depressed and 2) use the actions, behaviors and verbiage used to describe an emotional state, to more accurately identify the occurrence of depression in these women. The project goal was to understand how depression affects care behavior among WOC with HIV using both quantitative (189 women were interviewed at baseline) and qualitative data collection (two focus groups consisting of 11 women total and 19 individual semi-structure interviews). From this study we learned that depression is an important barrier to women’s ability to get into and stay in HIV care. This is important going forward for researchers and practitioners who seek to engage and retain WOC with HIV in care.
The Role of Individual Differences in Attention and Working-Memory in Learning a Nonnative Phoneme Category by

Speech perception is characterized by categorical perception of phonemes. Certain speech sounds varying along the continuous acoustic dimension known as voice onset time (VOT) are perceived as either voiced /b/ or unvoiced /p/ phonemes by English listeners. A third VOT prevoiced /p/ phoneme category is used in Thai and is indistinct from the /b/ category in English. Some listeners can learn to perceive speech sounds belonging this third VOT category with a small amount of training. The cognitive mechanisms underlying the variation in individualsʼ ability to perceive the prevoiced /p/ phoneme are not well understood. The current experiment investigated the role of attention and working-memory in facilitating listeners’ ability to learn to perceive the prevoiced /p/ phoneme. A consistent relationship between attentional and workingmemory measures and prevoiced perceptual learning was not found. Musical ability was a good predictor of performance on a prevoiced phoneme identification task.
High School Students' Conceptual Change of the Lunar Phases on Instyuction Using the Lunar Phases Drawing Module

This study investigates how the lunar phases drawing module-applied instruction affects high school students' conceptual changes of the lunar phases. 46 juniors in a high school were given the module instruction on drawing the lunar phases, and then interviews were conducted to verify conceptual changes in subjects' recognition structures. The types of students' misconceptions of the lunar phases change before the instruction were as follows. Type S is that the Earth's shadow covers the moon. Type SR is that one has both misconception of Type S and a scientific concept at the same time according to the positional relationships. The scientific concept means that an observer sees a moon's part which reflects sunlight. Type SB is that the Earth's shadow covers the moon or the moon can be seen or not by the background's brightness according to the positional relationships. The last Type SRB includes all three above-mentioned types, and it explains the lunar phases at each position. As a result of the module-based instruction, 26 out of 36 subjects built up the scientific concept and 10 students did not. 7 out of the 11 Type S and 3 out of the 17 Type SR students did not, either. Especially, type S students did not change their preconception that the phases of moon change were done by the earth's shadow. Here, their preconception is too much strong; as they solve problems, their preconception is more beneficial, comparing to the method which it is presented from the module. This fact supports that it is difficult for students to discard preconception.
An Investigation on the Carcass Percentage of Anatolian Grey Breed in Edirne Province

In this study it is aimed to investigate live weight and carcass traits of Anatolian Grey and Anatolian Grey  Brown Swiss crossbred in raised Edirne and Kesan. In this study the authors used 51 Anatolian Grey bulls, 22 Anatolian Grey heifers and 63 Anatolian Grey  Brown Swiss crossbred bulls. 136 animals in 2-3 years old were used present study. The live weights were found 446.375 ± 20.87 and 508.29 ± 11.88 kg for Anatolian Grey bull and Anatolian Grey  Brown Swiss crossbred bull respectively. Carcass percentage were found 60.57%, 46.84%, 56.87% and the correlation coefficient were calculated between live weight and carcass percentage 0.98, 0.80 and 0.94 for Anatolian Grey bulls, Anatolian Grey heifers and Anatolian Grey  Brown Swiss crossbred bulls, respectively.
Latency-aware Straggler Mitigation Strategy in Hadoop MapReduce Framework: A Review

Processing huge and complex data to obtain useful information is challenging, even though several big data processing frameworks have been proposed and further enhanced. One of the prominent big data processing frameworks is MapReduce. The main concept of MapReduce framework relies on distributed and parallel processing. However, MapReduce framework is facing serious performance degradations due to the slow execution of certain tasks type called stragglers. Failing to handle stragglers causes delay and affects the overall job execution time. Meanwhile, several straggler reduction techniques have been proposed to improve the MapReduce performance. This study provides a comprehensive and qualitative review of the different existing straggler mitigation solutions. In addition, a taxonomy of the available straggler mitigation solutions is presented. Critical research issues and future research directions are identified and discussed to guide researchers and scholars
GRATITUDE, ATTACHMENT, AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS Gratitude: A Resilience Factor for More Securely Attached Children

Research on the association between childhood attachment and depressive symptoms has primarily focused on the role of risk factors. This resulted in a lack of research on the role of potential resilience factors. In the current study, we suggest that middle childhood secure attachment is linked to adolescents’ trait gratitude, which is linked to the enhanced resilience against the development of depressive symptoms in adolescence. In a longitudinal study, we measured 157 children's (9-12 years old, 48% boys) attachment appraisals (anxiety, avoidance, and trust), attachment representations (secure base script knowledge, and coherence) and depressive symptoms at baseline, and gratitude and depressive symptoms at follow-up two years later. Results supported our hypotheses that middle childhood attachment was robustly linked with adolescent trait gratitude. Moreover, trait gratitude indirectly linked middle childhood attachment avoidance, trust, and secure base script knowledge to change in depressive symptoms over time. These findings may help explain why more securely attached children are less likely to develop depressive symptoms.
Information Technology and Organizational Learning in Knowledge Alliances and Networks

Recent years have witnessed a change in firms’ innovation patterns, from closed to open, in which information technology (IT) has played an important role. This paper aims to open up the black box of ITenabled absorptive capacity by theorizing and testing the role of IT in two organizational learning processes, which are either interactive with partners in the knowledge alliance or non-interactive with others in the knowledge network. In particular, we formulate a model explaining how a firm’s IT investment moderates its organizational learning processes in knowledge alliances and networks, which sheds light on the role of IT as an enabler of absorptive capacity. Using a panel data set from the U.S. pharmaceutical industry, the results show the moderating role of IT in strengthening the organizational learning processes from knowledge alliance experience to coinvented knowledge and from knowledge network centrality to assimilated knowledge, which, in turn, improve firm competitiveness. 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
RNA genome conservation and secondary structure in SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-related viruses

As the COVID-19 outbreak spreads, there is a growing need for a compilation of conserved RNA genome regions in the SARS-CoV-2 virus along with their structural propensities to guide development of antivirals and diagnostics. Using sequence alignments spanning a range of betacoronaviruses, we rank genomic regions by RNA sequence conservation, identifying 79 regions of length at least 15 nucleotides as exactly conserved over SARS-related complete genome sequences available near the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. We then confirm the conservation of the majority of these genome regions across 739 SARS-CoV-2 sequences reported to date from the current COVID-19 outbreak, and we present a curated list of 30 ‘SARS-related-conserved’ regions. We find that known RNA structured elements curated as Rfam families and in prior literature are enriched in these conserved genome regions, and we predict additional conserved, stable secondary structures across the viral genome. We provide 106 ‘SARS-CoV-2-conserved-structured’ regions as potential targets for antivirals that bind to structured RNA. We further provide detailed secondary structure models for the 5’ UTR, frame-shifting element, and 3’ UTR. Last, we predict regions of the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome have low propensity for RNA secondary structure and are conserved within SARS-CoV-2 strains. These 59 ‘SARS-CoV-2-conserved-unstructured’ genomic regions may be most easily targeted in primer-based diagnostic and oligonucleotide-based therapeutic strategies.
Dişi Sıçanlarda 1,1-Dimetilbiguanit

Aim: Menopause is defined as the depletion of the ovarian follicular reserve followed by the cessation of menstrual cycles. It has been reported that gonadal steroid hormones play an important role in bladder function in women. Changes in urine pattern including overactive bladder, stress incontinence and recurrent urinary tract infections occur as a result of menopause. 1,1-dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride, metformin, (MET) is an oral anti-diabetic drug used to reduce hepatic glucose production and peripheral insulin resistance. Recent studies have revealed that MET has a protective effects in diabetes induced bladder dysfunction. The aim of this study was to test the therapeutic potential of MET in detrusor contractile function of ovariectomized (OVX) female rats. Material and Methods: Bilateral ovariectomy was performed to eliminate endogenous gonadal steroids secretion. Four groups are designed with 8 animals in each group: Control, MET-administered control, OVX, and MET-administered OVX groups. MET (25 mg/ kg) was administered daily by oral gavage for 14 days. Contractile activity of isolated bladder muscle strips were evaluated in vitro organ bath. The contractile responses of detrusor strips were determined using different doses of carbachol (10-8-10-2M) and purinergic agonist ATP. The relaxation response of strips were determined by isoproterenol Results: The contractile responses of detrusor muscle strips to carbachol at doses 10-5-10-2 M were decreased in the OVX group compared to control and MET treated control groups. MET treatment partially reversed the reduction in OVX-induced contractile responses at 10-2 and 10 -3 M carbachol doses. There were no statistically significant difference in relaxation response between the experimental groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that treatment with MET could be the new potential therapeutic agent against bladder dyfunction in postmenopausal women. Further studies are needed for the therapeutic potential of MET in detrusor dysfunction induced by menopause.
Synanthropic spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Chile

Urbanization has pronounced effects on the abiotic components of the environment, causing irreversible changes in natural environments, replacing all original biotic components of the site. The spiders can colonize and become established in these new ecosystems and acquire synanthropic habits. We review all the records of synanthropic spiders found in Chile, including published literature and sporadic collecting mainly undertaken from 2010 to 2013 in different parts of the country. Here we define four types of environments that these spiders can be use: peridomestic habitats, domestic habitats, agrosystems and rural areas. Finally we compare the results of this study with the synanthropic spider faunas from other countries of America.
Investigation on Awareness of Cognitive Impairment Diseases Among Surgical Practitioners

Objective In this study, we assessed the awareness of cognitive dysfunction and the reasons for the lack of awareness among surgical practitioners in Jiaxing. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to surgical practitioners covering all Class III and Class II hospitals in Jiaxing. Respondents were asked to make selections regarding the demographic data, clinical attitudes and practices of cognitive dysfunction based on Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADKS) of the Chinese version. Results A total of 180 questionnaires were distributed, 12 of which were incomplete, with 168 being included for analysis. The respondents were generally under 50 years of age (150, 89.3%), predominantly males (146, 86.9%), and surgeons (153, 91.1%). They generally had a bachelor’s or master’s degrees (165, 98.2%), and served in Class III hospitals (127, 75.6%). The title of the practitioner was found to impact their attention toward their patients’ cognitive status during preoperative preparation (P<0.05). Titles and hospital levels were found to influence decisions of surgical practitioners to invite specialist physicians for consultation and assessment when a patient was identified to have cognitive dysfunction (P<0.05). Most surgical practitioners had little knowledge or training about Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive dysfunction. Among the 168 respondents, the mean ADKS score was 20.14±2.40, and the awareness rate was 67.1%, indicating that the surgical practitioner’s title influenced ADKS score (P<0.001). Conclusion Surgical practitioners, especially young physicians and those in Class II hospitals, had lower awareness of cognitive dysfunction, with low ADKS scores; therefore, they needed to be further trained to recognize cognitive dysfunction.
UvA-DARE Political Systems and Political Networks in Countries

Social scientists have long studied international differences in political culture and communication. An influential strand of theory within political science argues that different types of political systems generate different parliamentary cultures: Systems with proportional representation generate cross-party cohesion, whereas majoritarian systems generate division. To contribute to this long-standing discussion, we study parliamentarian retweets across party lines using a database of 2.3 million retweets by 4,018 incumbent parliamentarians across 19 countries during 2018. We find that there is at most a tenuous relationship between democratic systems and cross-party retweeting: Majoritarian systems are not unequivocally more divisive than proportional systems. Moreover, we find important qualitative differences: Countries are not only more or less divisive, but they are cohesive and divisive in different ways. To capture this complexity, we complement our quantitative analysis with Visual Network Analysis to identify four types of network structures: divided, bipolar, fringe party, and cohesive.
Trustworthiness of Firm Valuations: Bias and Market Perception in Compliance with Capital Market Regulations

This study examines the reliability of expert-prepared firm valuations published by public firms for their subsidiaries, in compliance with capital market regulations. Using Israeli data, we find a significant upward bias (ranging from 93% to 196% for public firms and 82% to 141% for private companies) in forecasted operating profit despite the requirement for fair value assessments. The stock market responds to valuations. Valuations are informative in forecasting future operating income for public firms but not for private firms. While market participants underestimate the bias, and still find valuations valuable. Acknowledging regulatory limitations can benefit market participants despite imperfect regulations.
Generality of Belief The Generality of Belief in Unsubstantiated Claims

1 Generality of Belief The Generality of Belief in Unsubstantiated Claims INTRODUCTION In recent years, large swaths of the general public have maintained belief in various poorly supported claims. For example, popular conspiracy theories in the U.S. include the false claim that former President Barack Obama was not born in the U.S. and that the 9/11/01 attacks involved collusion of American government officials. Four large, nationally representative surveys of people in the U.S between 2006 and 2011 revealed that half of the respondents endorsed at least one conspiracy theory (Oliver & Wood, 2014). Likewise, an alarming number of people believe the pseudoscientific claim that childhood immunizations cause autism spectrum disorder (autism) despite numerous well-controlled scientific studies showing that no relationship exists. Paranormal beliefs have long had a toehold in the general population, with 42% believing in ghosts, to take merely one example (Harris Polls, 2013). Moreover, studies have consistently shown that people maintain a diverse assortment of misconceptions regarding the mind and behavior (Lilienfeld et al., 2010). For example, in a sample of psychology students, Author and Lilienfeld (2015) found that 96% believed that raising self-esteem improves academic performance and 90% believed that matching teaching style to students’ learning styles improves learning; neither of these beliefs has been consistently supported by controlled studies. The pervasiveness of belief in such claims raises the important, but insufficiently examined, question of whether there is a general tendency to endorse diverse unsubstantiated, epistemic claims. More specifically, does the tendency to endorse one type of scientifically
Genome-wide association and meta-analysis of bipolar disorder in individuals of European ancestry

Bipolar disorder (BP) is a disabling and often life-threatening disorder that affects ≈1% of the population worldwide. To identify genetic variants that increase the risk of BP, we genotyped on the Illumina HumanHap550 Beadchip 2,076 bipolar cases and 1,676 controls of European ancestry from the National Institute of Mental Health Human Genetics Initiative Repository, and the Prechter Repository and samples collected in London, Toronto, and Dundee. We imputed SNP genotypes and tested for SNP-BP association in each sample and then performed meta-analysis across samples. The strongest association P value for this 2-study meta-analysis was 2.4 × 10−6. We next imputed SNP genotypes and tested for SNP-BP association based on the publicly available Affymetrix 500K genotype data from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium for 1,868 BP cases and a reference set of 12,831 individuals. A 3-study meta-analysis of 3,683 nonoverlapping cases and 14,507 extended controls on >2.3 M genotyped and imputed SNPs resulted in 3 chromosomal regions with association P ≈ 10−7: 1p31.1 (no known genes), 3p21 (>25 known genes), and 5q15 (MCTP1). The most strongly associated nonsynonymous SNP rs1042779 (OR = 1.19, P = 1.8 × 10−7) is in the ITIH1 gene on chromosome 3, with other strongly associated nonsynonymous SNPs in GNL3, NEK4, and ITIH3. Thus, these chromosomal regions harbor genes implicated in cell cycle, neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, and neurosignaling. In addition, we replicated the reported ANK3 association results for SNP rs10994336 in the nonoverlapping GSK sample (OR = 1.37, P = 0.042). Although these results are promising, analysis of additional samples will be required to confirm that variant(s) in these regions influence BP risk.
PANDEMİ NEDENİYLE YÜRÜTÜLEN ACİL UZAKTAN ÖĞRETİM SÜRECİNİN ARDINDAN ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARINDA DEĞİŞİM YORGUNLUĞUNUN İNCELENMESİ THE INVESTIGATION OF CHANGE FATIGUE IN TEACHER CANDIDATES FOLLOWING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS DURING THE PANDEMIC

: Education has gone through rapid changes during the emergency remote teaching period resulting by the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes, in part, have been associated with educational institutions attempting to implement a viable solution to the problem of distance education. Although organizational management theory literature suggests that great change in very little time results in a detrimental psychological phenomenon called change fatigue in employees and that this phenomenon has even been investigated in the context of teaching staff in the past; there have been no attempt at understanding change fatigue from a student perspective. This quantitative study attempts at proposing a structural equation model towards the understanding of how to change fatigue and other variables, namely, digital literacy, online learning attitude and school alienation that might have been influenced by it have affected teacher candidates after resuming face-to-face education followed by a 1.5 year of emergency remote teaching period. Results indicated that change fatigue predicts school alienation and yet; does not predict online learning attitude; hinting that there might be another category of alienating organizational change that universities have gone through that does not solely involve online education. Nevertheless, digital literacy is a beneficial skill for all students that helps bolster online learning attitudes and reduce overall school alienation.
POLYMORPHISMS IN THE 5 (cid:1929) -UTR OF PTEN AND OTHER GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN

MDM2, and (cid:451) 3 -AR, and also harbored some polymorphic nucleotides located in the same set of associatively altered nucleotides. Our results show that multiple nucleotides, including the PTEN nucleotides, are altered in normal Japanese individuals and provide useful information for genotyping studies in individuals and populations.
İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının STEM Eğitimine Yönelik

This study aimed to determine the relationship between elementary mathematics teacher candidates' attitudes towards STEM education and proficiency perceptions of 21st-century skills. The relational screening model, which is used to determine the relationship between two or more variables, was used from quantitative research methods. The sample of the study consists of 71 elementary mathematics teachers. The data were collected with two measurement tools, “STEM (Science-Technology-Engineering-Mathematics) Education Attitude Scale” and “21st Century Skills and Competences Scale Directed at Teaching Candidates”. In the study, it was investigated whether there is a significant difference in the attitudes of elementary school mathematics teacher candidates towards STEM education according to grade level and gender, whether there is a significant difference in 21st-century skills proficiency perceptions according to grade level and gender, and whether there is a significant relationship between their attitudes towards STEM education and 21st-century skills. As a result of the analyses conducted, it has been determined that there is a significant difference in 21st-century skills proficiency perceptions according to grade levels. It was