Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbial habitability of early Mars lacustrine environments sustained by iron redox cycling

Several studies have reported new data on the estimated compositions of chemical components at Gale crater; however, there is still a lack of information regarding potential past support of biomass and detectable biomarkers of ancient life. In this study we evaluate microbial habitability of early Mars constrained by the recently reconstructed water chemistry at Gale. The modeled community is based on Fe-metabolizing bacteria with the ability to utilize solid-phase iron oxides (e.g., magnetite) as an electron source or sink. Our results illustrate the plausibility of a sustained community in Gale Lake and provides suggestions for future modelled and laboratory-based studies to further evaluate the past habitability of Mars, biosignatures and their preservation potential, and hidden metabolic potential. One Sentence Summary This work provides an existence proof of habitability on early Mars and demonstrates modeling processes by which the habitability of extraterrestrial environments can be explored quantitatively.
Social belonging: Brain structure and function is linked to membership in sports teams, religious groups and social clubs

Human behaviour across the life span is driven by the psychological need to belong, from kindergarten to bingo nights. Being part of social groups constitutes a backbone for communal life, and confers many benefits for physical and mental health. Capitalizing on neuroimaging and behavioural data from ~40.000 participants from the UK Biobank population cohort, we used structural and functional analyses to explore how social participation is reflected in the human brain. Across three different types of social groups, structural analyses point towards variance in ventromedial prefrontal cortex, fusiform gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex as structural substrates tightly linked to social participation. Functional connectivity analyses emphasized the importance of default mode and limbic network, but also showed differences for sports teams and religious groups as compared to social clubs. Taken together, our findings establish the structural and functional integrity of the default mode network as a neural signature of social belonging.
Temperature influence on spectroscopic and lasing properties of blue laser diode pumped Alexandrite crystal

We report on influence of temperature on spectroscopic and lasing properties of Alexandrite (Cr3+:BeAl2O4) crystal. Fluorescence lifetime, polarization-resolved absorption and emission spectra, and laser characteristics at ∼750 nm are described in detail within the 78-400K temperature range. As a pumping source, 3.5W InGaN blue laser-diode operating at 444nm wavelength was used. The best results achieved were at ∼353K crystal temperature — 326mW of continuous output power at 750nm wavelength with the slope efficiency near 20% (related to absorbed pump power). At cryogenic temperatures, the Alexandrite laser generation at the so-called R-line, i.e not in the vibronic mode, has been observed.
Architecting for Artificial Intelligence with Emerging Nanotechnology

Artificial Intelligence is becoming ubiquitous in products and services that we use daily. Although the domain of AI has seen substantial improvements over recent years, its effectiveness is limited by the capabilities of current computing technology. Recently, there have been several architectural innovations for AI using emerging nanotechnology. These architectures implement mathematical computations of AI with circuits that utilize physical behavior of nanodevices purpose-built for such computations. This approach leads to a much greater efficiency vs. software algorithms running on von Neumann processors or CMOS architectures, which emulate the operations with transistor circuits. In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey of these architectural directions and categorize them based on their contributions. Furthermore, we discuss the potential offered by these directions with real-world examples. We also discuss major challenges and opportunities in this field.
EFFECT OF POTASSIUM SALTS ON ONION PURPLE BLOTCH INCIDENCE AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND YIELD PARAMETERS IN ONION SEED PLANTS

Purple blotch disease is one of the most destructive diseases of onion in Egypt, which could cause 100% loss of onion seed production. The excessive use of chemical fungicide harms the environment and natural balance, leading to find another safe and effective alternative controlling onion purple blotch disease. Field experiments were conducted at Demo in El-Sultan Bahnas village, Fayoum County at El-Fayoum Governorate during the growing seasons 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 on onion for seed production. Plants were sprayed with four potassium salts; potassium silicate (K-silicate), potassium citrate (K-citrate), dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4) and potassium carbonate (K2CO3). Two control treatments one with distilled water and the other with mancozeb 80%. K2HPO4 gave the best result in decreasing disease incidence or disease severity in leaves and flower stalks in respectively, followed by K2CO3 and K-silicate. While, the treatment of K2CO3 gave the highest inflorescences’ fresh and dry weights followed by K2HPO4, then K-Citrate. The treatment of K2HPO4 generated the highest inflorescence and yield components compared to control treatment. K-silicate application exceeded the all other treatments and led to significant increases in free phenols and reduced sugars contents in onion leaves compared to control treatment. Examined Potassium salts in this study gave promised safe alternative control methods for onion purple blotch in onion seed production with reference to the chemical fungicide.
Application of guava leaves extract on jelly candy to inhibit Streptococcus mutans

One of the most commonly occurring diseases of the oral cavity is dental caries. To prevent dental caries, the usage of antibacterial agent is used. Many studies have reported the effect of plant extracts on the inhibition of oral pathogen growth. One of these plants’ extracts is guava leaves which have been reported to be highly active against Streptococcus mutans. This research was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of guava leaves against S. mutans to make jelly candy, added with peppermint essential oil as the flavoring agent. Extracts of Psidium guajava L. leaves were prepared by sequential extraction using hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The ethanolic extract of P. guajava L. leaves was found to be the best extraction solvent for the antibacterial activity against S. mutans with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3,758.41 ppm, minimum bactericidal concentration of 15,033.62 ppm, yield of 60.87% ± 4.89%, phenolic content of 355.0347 ± 10.8186 mg GAE (Gallic Acid Equivalent)/g extract, and total flavonoid content of 234.2960 ± 2.5074 QE(Quercetin Equivalent)/g extract. In jelly candy, the highest antibacterial activity of guava leaves extract against S. mutans with acceptable sensory characteristics was jelly candy added with 5 MIC extract and 0.25% peppermint essential oil concentration with an inhibition diameter of 9.68 ± 0.54 mm and overall acceptability of 3.80 ± 1.47 (out of 7).
Archives of Otolaryngology and Rhinology

Although currently we observe efforts to individualize treatment for CRS according to its different endotypes, it can be stated that medical treatment is still based on steroids (long-term treatment with local steroids and short courses of oral steroids). If the symptoms and reduction in the quality of life persists despite adequate conservative treatment, then such patients are indicated for surgical treatment. The current standard of surgical treatment is represented by endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). According to the traditional concept of ESS, the extent of surgery depends on the extent of the infl ammatory disease with a goal to restore ventilation and drainage of the sinuses with a simultaneous effort to spare healthy uninvolved mucosa. However, it is clear that CRSwNP is rather a diffuse mucosal disease and not a disease that primarily affects sinus ostia. From this perspective, ESS does not only reestablish mucociliary transport, but also has a positive effect on topical delivery of medication and decreases the overall infl ammatory load. Despite medical and surgical treatment, the rate of polyp recurrence after surgery has been reported to be as high as 60 % [4,5].
The experience of older persons with mental health conditions who interact with healthcare robots and nurse intermediaries: The qualitative case studies

Background Caring expressions between humans and nonhuman intelligent machines are futuristic prototypes with healthcare robots as major advocates. Objective To examine the experience of older persons with mental health conditions, particularly patients with schizophrenia and with dementia in the interaction with healthcare robots and intermediaries in a transactive relational engagement. Methods Two qualitative case studies were conducted using sophisticated audio-video technologies to record the conversation and activities that were carefully documented. Following the procedure for qualitative descriptive analysis, a framework based on the Transactive Relationship Theory of Nursing was employed to analyze and interpret the data. Results Three themes were revealed, including feelings for the other, inspiring meaningful responses, and demonstrating expressions of joy. The description of the experience of older persons involved in the conversation with humanoid robots was feeling for the other while inspiring meaningful responses in demonstrating expressions of joy. Conclusion This study provided initial evidence that the transactive engagements of robots with older persons with schizophrenia and dementia and nurse intermediaries in psychiatric and mental health settings can result in occasions of ‘joy’ for the patients. These findings suggest that transactive engagements with robots facilitate expressions of joy among older persons with schizophrenia and dementia. However, these findings are not intended to prescribe nursing care actions but to describe the experience of older persons who are in transactive engagements with intelligent machines, indicating the importance and value of healthcare robots in nursing older persons with schizophrenia and with dementia.
Innovative ESAP Syllabus Design: A Means to Address English-Language Problems in EMI Programmes

English-language teaching often tends to focus on the product rather than the process (Harmer, 2003; Wette, 2011). This insistence on focusing on the “one size fits all” end product has certainly characterised approaches to syllabus design and the process can either be undervalued or completely disregarded. However, process approaches to syllabus design can actively champion the often-excluded voices of the learners by including them in the decision-making stages of the course. This chapter will present a threeyear action research (AR) project whose aim was to modify the advanced English for Specific Academic Purposes (ESAP) syllabus for undergraduate Economics students at the Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, a university located in a predominantly Germanspeaking area of Italy, where English is used as a medium of instruction (EMI) on an equal footing with Italian and German. The initial design of the ESAP course was based on a needs analysis done by the Faculty but the students had never been consulted during this process, nor had the academic staff using EMI. Consequently, one of the aims of this AR study was to conduct a thorough needs analysis involving these two main stakeholders. The needs were identified using a mixed methods design that analysed quantitative data gathered longitudinally from three cohorts of students, and qualitative data was gathered from the lecturers using EMI. In syllabus design, since “no one approach can be responsive to learners’ needs” (Graves, 2008, p. 161), the modified syllabus that evolved from this analysis blended a predominantly process approach to syllabus design with elements of a product approach. This blended approach provided opportunities for the learners’ voices to be an intrinsic part of the course by allowing them to negotiate aspects of the syllabus, ranging from the contents and the language skills practised, to the means of assessment. The use of negotiation in the ESAP course also created some of the conditions that have been suggested “[lead] to teaching and Part of Mastellotto, L. , & Zanin, R. (Eds.). (2021). EMI and beyond: Internationalising higher education curricula in Italy. bu,press. https://doi.org/10.13124/9788860461827
Single-pass tillage combined with herbicides and rice stubbles enhances weed control and yield of rapeseed in Bangladesh

E-mail: mm.hossain@irri.org Received: 28/05/2021 Acceptance: 27/06/2021 Available Online: 28/06/2021 Published: 01/07/2021 South Asian farmers are turning to mechanized planting, crop stubble retention, and herbicide application to address the current labor shortage situation. The purpose of this on-farm study was to compare conventional plow tillage combined with manual weeding to single-pass tillage combined with herbicides on the overall weed control efficacy and seed yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under northern Bangladesh conditions. During 2014–2016, the rapeseed variety ‘BARI Mustard-14’ was grown under two different tillage systems, plow tillage and single-pass tillage with zero-stubble and 50% standing stubbles of previously grown monsoon rice. The plow tillage was conducted using a two-wheel, while the single-pass tillage was performed using a versatile multi-crop planter. In plow tillage, weeds were managed by hand on three dates. In single-pass tillage, a pre-plant herbicide (glyphosate), preemergence herbicide (pendimethalin), and post-emergence herbicide (isoproturon) were applied for weed control. Data revealed that the combination of single-pass tillage and herbicides with 50% rice stubbles resulted in the highest weed control efficacy. Additionally, this practice resulted in a 20% yield increase and a 70% increase in benefit-cost ratio compared with plow tillage and hand weedings combination without keeping any rice stubbles in the field.
Theory and Utility of the Three Isotope Fractionation Relationship

Multiple stable isotope relationships have found uses including, but not limited to, in geochemistry to determine ancient atmospheric pCO2, atmospheric chemistry to understand the details of ozone cycling, and biochemistry to study enzymatic pathways. Approximations to the statistical-mechanical models for predicting isotope effects have led to the notion that mass fractionation laws are constant and later constrained to a “canonical” range of possible values. Despite previous work indicating that these mass fractionation exponents can be highly variable, the concept of a constant relationship remains common. In this study, it is demonstrated generically that the mass fractionation exponent, θ, can take any value for small fractionations, that these deviations are measurable and that the half-reaction mass fractionation exponent, κ, is bounded by upper and lower limits to a close approximation. In addition, we characterize and advocate the use of ∆∆M or “change/difference in cap-delta” as a necessary and more reliable
Stability Analysis of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Heading Time and Grain Yield Using AMMI Model

Additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) model analyses were performed to assess and quantify the magnitude of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) for number of days to heading (DH) and grain yield (GY/P) stability of sixteen promising bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Field experiments under recommended (N) and late (L) sowing date in newly reclaimed soil were conducted in the Agricultural Research Station at Arab-Elawamer, Assiut, Egypt for three consecutive seasons (2016/2017, 2017/2018 and 2018/2019). The combined ANOVA showed highly significant differences among genotypes and among environments for both traits, while GEI was highly significant for DH and not significant for GY/P. Results of AMMI analysis indicated that the first three AMMI (PC1, PC2 and PC3) were highly significant for DH and AMMI1 was only significant in case of GY/P. In addition, the environments showed high contributions to the total sum of squares (TSS) and explained 84.7 and 85.3% for days to heading and grain yield/plot, respectively. While, the genotypes captured 10.4 and 6.8% of the TSS for the same traits, respectively. Although that the GEI showed low contribution to the total SS, but its magnitude (7.9%) was larger than that for genotypes in case of GY/P. The AMMI stability value discriminated genotypes G3, G7, G9, G12 and G14. G3 were the most promising stable and adapted genotypes according to grain yield performance over environments.
Institutionalization in service providing companies: analysis in recruitment and selection consultancies (R&S)

Research supported by institutional theory contributes to organizational studies because they insert variables such as shared values, search for legitimacy, and isomorphism in the analysis of relationships between organizations and between organizations and the environment. In this context, this article aims to analyze the stages of institutionalization in consulting companies providing services in the recruitment and selection of people (R&S). A qualitative-descriptive study was performed with six recruitment and selection consultancies located in Sergipe. The results demonstrated the administrative functioning of organizations about the stages of institutionalization, revealing an institutional scenario for these service providers, besides highlighting the main obstacles to the sedimentation of the companies analyzed.
PPA_A_256990 1791..1799

1Department of Dental Prosthetics, University Hospital Halle/Saale, Halle (Saale), Germany; 2Clinic for Radiotherapy, University Hospital Halle/ Saale, Halle (Saale), Germany; 3Institute of Psychology,Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany Purpose: The aim of the study was to develop an optimally designed and comprehensibly formulated patient information leaflet (PIL) to improve patients’ memory of information provided by physicians during a radiotherapy (head and neck area) consultation. This PIL was tested on unaffected probands for its usefulness in clinical practice. Patients and Methods: A panel of experts compiled the main topics using Lawshe’s content validity ratio. Flesch’s Reading Ease Score (FRE) and the Baker Able Leaflet Design (BALD) index were adapted to appropriate values to determine text comprehensibility and graphic design. The evaluation involving unaffected participants (231 men, 380 women, 21 not specified; mean age = 32 ± 13.63 years, range = 18–79 years) was conducted based on three questionnaires for four groups of respondents with varying prior knowledge of the subject. When answering the questionnaires, only half the participants had access to the PIL. Results: The expert panel included 59 out of 75 proposed topics. After reformulations, the FRE was adjusted from 38.5 to 51.4. The BALD index ranged from 24 to 26, depending on the printout edition. The evaluation of 632 unaffected participants indicated a difference in the correctly answered items that ranged from 2.86% to 30.76% between participants with and without access to the PIL. Conclusion: The general guidelines for the design of written patient information material were met. The evaluation of unaffected volunteers resulted in an advantage by answering the questionnaires after receiving the PIL. This study supports health practitioners in the development, design, and evaluation of written information material using scientific methods. An evaluation should be performed on affected patients.
Crude oils from Austral and Golfo San Jorge Basins. Similarity and differences based on biomarker ratios

espanolLos perfiles de biomarcadores son caracteristicos de cada crudo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los biomarcadores en muestras de petroleo mediante analisis geoquimicos. Se obtuvieron muestras de las cuencas Austral y del Golfo San Jorge. Se analizaron las fracciones alifaticas y aromaticas por cromatografia de gases acoplada a espectrometria de masas. Se calcularon relaciones de biomarcadores a partir de isoprenoides, terpanos y esteranos para sugerir la materia organica precursora, el ambiente de depositacion y roca madre para diferenciar las distintas fuentes de petroleo. Segun los parametros especificos, el crudo de la cuenca Austral pudo generarse a partir de materia organica tipo II-III, en ambientes de deposicion con concentracion moderada de oxigeno, litologia siliciclastica y madurez termica moderada a alta. Por el contrario, los crudos de la cuenca del Golfo San Jorge mostraron caracteristicas asociadas a un kerogeno tipo II, en un entorno anoxico, litologia carbonatada y baja madurez termica EnglishBiomarker profiles are characteristic of oils. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biomarkers in oil samples using geochemical analysis. Oil samples were obtained from Austral Basin and Golfo San Jorge Basins. Specifically, aliphatic and aromatic fractions were analyzed by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry. Biomarker ratios were calculated for isoprenoids, terpanes and steranes to correlate the organic matter precursor, deposition environment and source rock to differentiate distinct crude oil sources. Based on the specific parameters, crude from the Austral Basin appears to have been generated from organic matter types II-III (mixed), in deposition environments with moderate oxygen concentration, associated with a siliciclastic lithology and a moderate to high thermal maturity. On the contrary, the crude oils from the Golfo San Jorge Basin displayed biomarkers profiles characteristics of a type II (marine) kerogen, corresponding to an anoxic deposition environment, carbonated lithology and low thermal maturity
Bosentan inhibits cigarette smoke-induced ET receptor expression in pulmonary arteries

Clinic research unit (UIC), University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain Respiratory Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain Thoracic Surgery Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain Department of pathology, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University Clinic Hospital, Valencia, Spain *These authors contributed equally to this work
Baseline Computation Before the optimization, computations of the base- line configuration (Fig

The motion of a leukocyte (White Blood Cell) within a straight vessel, representative of an arteriole, is simulated using dynamic meshing and a six-degree-of-freedom model within FLUENT (FLUENT Inc.). The fluid is modelled as both Newtonian and non-Newtonian to simulate the bulk effects of blood. The results showed that the leukocyte lags the undisturbed velocity profile and migrates towards the centreline at all radial locations. Haematocrit is also modelled as a scalar transported by the flow and a model is introduced via a User-Defined Function (UDF) to generate a force based on the haematocrit effect. This additional forcing results in inward radial migration and outward radial migration based on the WBC radial position for the non-Newtonian case.