Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of non-surgical periodontal treatment on patients with coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is defined as one of the most common cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Periodontitis is one of the risk factors for CAD. Material and Methods PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were carefully and thoroughly retrieved until October 2021. On the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eligible articles were selected strictly to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Using Cochran's Q statistic, Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16, data were extracted, and a comprehensive analysis was carried out. Results Six RCTs of 619 patients were included in this study, including 360 in the intervention group (IG) and 259 in the control group (CG). Meta-analysis showed significant difference for C-reactive protein (CRP) (1.20mg/L, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.27, p < 0.00001) after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT), but showed no significant difference for interleukin-6 (IL-6) (1.19mg/L, 95% CI: -1.03 to 3.40, p=0.29), flow-mediated dilation (FMD) (-1.64%, 95% CI: -4.95 to 1.67, p=0.33), triacylglycerol (TG) (-0.02mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.31 to 0.27, p=0.90), total cholesterol (TC) (0.04mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.25 to 0.33, p=0.90), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (0.00mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.29 to 0.29, p=0.99) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (0.11mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.18 to 0.40, p=0.46). Conclusions The impact of NSPT on the reduction of CRP in patients of CAD with periodontitis is significant. NSPT can be considered as an important preventive strategy for major cardiovascular events in CAD. Key words:Coronary artery disease (CAD), periodontitis, non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT), periodontal treatment, periodontal therapy, meta-analysis.
Shatalov‐Sternin's construction of complex WKB solutions and the choice of integration paths

We re‐examine Shatalov‐Sternin's proof of existence of resurgent solutions of a linear ODE. In particular, we take a closer look at the “Riemann surface” (actually, a two‐dimensional complex manifold) whose existence, endless continuability and other properties are claimed by those authors. We present a detailed argument for a part of the “Riemann surface” relevant for the exact WKB method.
Identification through heteroskedasticity in a likelihood-based approach: some theoretical results

In this paper we show how the analysis of identification of simultaneous systems of equations with different volatility regimes can be addressed in a conventional likelihood-based setup, generalizing previous works in different directions. We discuss general conditions for identification and one of the results shows that an adequate number of different levels of heteroskedasticity is sufficient to identify the parameters of the structural form without the inclusion of any kind of restriction. A Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) algorithm is discussed.
Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived Megakaryocytes: A p53, HOX Antisense Intergenic RNA Myeloid 1, and miR-125b Interaction Study

Megakaryocytes (MKs) are rare polyploid cells found in the bone marrow and produce platelets. Platelets are small cell fragments that are essential during wound healing and vascular hemostasis. In vitro differentiation of MKs from human-induced pluripotent stem cell–derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (hiPSC-HSCs) could provide an alternative treatment option for thrombocytopenic patients as a platelet source. In this approach, we developed a method to produce functional MKs from hiPSC-HSCs using a xeno-free and feeder-free condition and minimize the variation and risk from animal-derived products in cell culture. We have also investigated the genome-wide expression as well as functional significance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hiPSC-HSC–derived MKs to get insight into MK biology. We have performed lncRNAs expression profiling by using the Human LncProfilers qPCR Array Kit and identified 26 differentially regulated lncRNAs in hiPSC-HSC–derived MKs as compared with those in hiPSC-HSCs. HOX antisense intergenic RNA myeloid 1 (HOTAIRM1) was the most highly upregulated lncRNA in hiPSC-HSC–derived MKs and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced megakaryocytic-differentiating K562 cells. Furthermore, we have studied the potential mechanism of HOTAIRM1 based on the interactions between HOTAIRM1, p53, and miR-125b in PMA-induced K562 cells. Our results demonstrated that during MK maturation, HOTAIRM1 might be associated with the transcriptional regulation of p53 via acting as a decoy for miR-125b. Thus, the interaction between HOTAIRM1, p53, and miR-125b is likely involved in controlling cell cycling (cyclin D1), reactive oxygen species production, and apoptosis to support terminal maturation of MKs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In vitro generation of megakaryocytes (MKs) from human-induced pluripotent stem cell–derived hematopoietic stem cells (hiPSC-HSCs) could provide an alternative source of platelets for treating thrombocytopenic patients. This study has investigated the functional significance of long non-coding RNAs in hiPSC-HSC–derived MKs, which remains unclear. This study’s findings suggest that the regulatory role of HOX antisense intergenic RNA myeloid 1 (HOTAIRM1) in p53-mediated regulation of cyclin D1 during megakaryocytopoiesis is to promote MK maturation by decoying miR-125b.
On Learning and Adaptation in the Economy

The standard mode of theorizing assumed in economics deductive--it assumes that human agents derive their conclusions by logical processes from complete, consistent and well-defined premises in a given problem. This works well in simple problems, but it breaks down beyond a "problem complexity boundary" where human computational abilities are exceeded or the assumptions of deductive rationality cannot be relied upon to hold. The paper draws upon what is known in psychology to argue that beyond this problem complexity boundary humans continue to reason well, but by using induction rather than deduction. That is, difficult or complex decision problems, humans transfer experience from other, similar problems they have faced before; they look for patterns and analogies that help them construct internal models of and hypotheses about the situation they are in; and they act more or less deductively on the basis of these. In doing so they constantly update these models and hypotheses by importing feedback--new observations--from their environment. Thus, in dealing with problems of high complexity humans live in a world of learning and adaptation. I illustrate these ideas by showing that the processes of pattern recognition, hypothesis formation and refutation over time are perfectly amenable to analysis; and by using them to explain supposedly "anomalous" behavior in financial markets
STOCHASTIC MODELS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TWO-PARAMETER POISSON-DIRICHLET DISTRIBUTION

In this thesis, we explore several stochastic models associated with the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet distribution and population genetics. The impacts of mutation, selection and time on the population evolutionary process will be studied by focusing on two aspects of the model: equilibrium and non-equilibrium. In the first chapter, we introduce relevant background on stochastic genetic models, and summarize our main results and their motivations. In the second chapter, the two-parameter GEM distribution is constructed from a linear birth process with immigration. The derivation relies on the limiting behavior of the age-ordered family frequencies. In the third chapter, to show the robustness of the sampling formula we derive the Laplace transform of the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet distribution from Pitman sampling formula. The correlation measure of the two-parameter point process is obtained in our proof. We also reverse this derivation by getting the sampling formula from the Laplace transform. Then, we establish a central limit theorem for the infinitely-many-neutral-alleles model at a fixed time as the mutation rate goes to infinity. Lastly, we get the Laplace transform for the selection model from its sampling formula. In the fourth chapter, we establish a central limit theorem for the homozygosity functions under overdominant selection with mutation approaching infinity. The selection intensity is given by a multiple of certain power of the mutation rate. This result shows an asymptotic normality for the properly scaled homozygosities, resembling the neutral model without selection. This implies that the influence of selection can hardly be observed with large mutation. In the fifth chapter, the stochastic dynamics of the two-parameter extension of the infinitely-many-neutral-alleles model is characterized by the derivation of its transition function, which is absolutely continuous with respect to the stationary distribution being the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet distribution. The transition density is obtained by the expansion of eigenfunctions. Combining this result with the correlation measure in Chapter 3, we obtain the probability generating function
UNCERTAINTY RELATIONS FOR COSMOLOGICAL PARTICLE CREATION AND EXISTENCE OF LARGE FLUCTUATIONS IN REHEATING

We derive an uncertainty relation for the energy density and pressure of a quantum scalar field in a time-dependent, homogeneous and isotropic, classical background, which implies the existence of large fluctuations comparable to their vacuum expectation values. A similar uncertainty relation is known to hold for the field square since the field can be viewed as a Gaussian random variable. We discuss possible implications of these results for the reheating process in scalar field driven inflationary models, where reheating is achieved by the decay of the coherently oscillating inflaton field. Specifically we argue that the evolution after backreaction can seriously be altered by the existence of these fluctuations. For example, in one model the coherence of the inflaton oscillations is found to be completely lost in a very short time after backreaction starts. Therefore we argue that entering a smooth phase in thermal equilibrium is questionable in such models and reheating might destroy the smoothness attained by inflation.
PROMPT TeV NEUTRINOS FROM THE DISSIPATIVE PHOTOSPHERES OF GAMMA-RAY BURSTS

Recently it was suggested that a photospheric component that results from internal dissipation occurring in the optically thick inner parts of relativistic outflows may be present in the prompt γ/X-ray emission of gamma-ray bursts or X-ray flashes. We explore high-energy neutrino emission in this dissipative photosphere model, assuming that the composition of the outflow is baryon dominated. We find that neutrino emission from a proton–proton collision process forms an interesting signature in the neutrino spectra. Under favorable conditions for the shock dissipation site, these low-energy neutrinos could be detected by km3 detectors, such as Icecube. Higher-energy (≳10 TeV) neutrino emission from proton–proton collision and photopion production processes could be significantly suppressed for dissipation at relatively small radii due to efficient Bethe–Heitler cooling of protons and/or radiative cooling of the secondary mesons in the photosphere radiation. As the dissipation shocks continue further out, high-energy neutrinos from the photopion production process become dominant.
Exploring the [S/Fe] Behavior of Metal-Poor Stars with the Si 1.046μm Lines

In an attempt of clarifying the [S=Fe] behavior with the run of [Fe=H] in the metal-poor regime, which has been a matter of debate, an extensive non-LTE analysis of near-IR S I triplet lines (multiplet 3) at 1.046 � m was carried out for 33 selected halo/disk stars over a wide metallicity range of [Fe=H] �� 3.7 to � +0.3, based on spectral data collected with IRCS+AO188 of the Subaru Telescope. We found evidence of a considerably large [S=Fe] ratio, amounting to � +0.7–0.8 dex at very low metallicity of [Fe=H] �� 3, which makes marked contrast with other ˛-elements (Mg, Si, Ca, Ti) flatly showing a moderately supersolar [˛=Fe] of � 0.3 dex. Meanwhile, a locally-flat tendency of [S=Fe] at � +0.3 is seen at � 2.5 . [Fe=H] . � 1.5. These results may suggest that the nature of [S=Fe] in metal-poor halo stars is not as simple as has been argued (i.e., neither being globally flat independent of [Fe=H] nor monotonically increasing with a decrease in [Fe=H]), but rather complicated with a local plateau around [Fe=H] �� 2, followed by a discontinuous jump between the narrow interval of � 3 . [Fe=H] . � 2.5.
Vocabulary relearning in aphasia is supported by hippocampal memory and cortical language systems

Speech and language therapy can be an effective tool in improving language in post-stroke aphasia. Despite an increasing literature on the efficacy of language therapies, there is a dearth of evidence about the neurocognitive mechanisms that underpin language re-learning, including the mechanisms implicated in neurotypical learning. Neurotypical word acquisition fits within the idea of Complementary Learning Systems, whereby an episodic hippocampal system supports initial rapid and sparse learning, whilst longer-term consolidation and extraction of statistical regularities across items is underpinned by neocortical systems. Therapy may drive these neurotypical learning mechanisms, and efficacy outcome may depend on whether there is available spared tissue across these dual systems to support learning. Here, for the first time, we utilised a reverse translation approach to explore these learning mechanisms in post-stroke aphasia, spanning a continuum of consolidation success. After three weeks of daily anomia treatment, 16 patients completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging protocol; a picture naming task which probed (i) premorbid vocabulary retained despite aphasia, (ii) newly re-learned treated items and (iii) untreated/unknown and therefore unconsolidated items. The treatment was successful, significantly improving patients' naming accuracy and reaction time post-treatment. Consistent with the Complementary Learning Systems hypothesis, patients' overall naming of treated items, like that of controls when learning new vocabulary, was associated with increased activation of both episodic and language regions. Patients with relatively preserved left hemisphere language regions, aligned with the control data in that hippocampal activity during naming of treated items was associated with lower accuracy and slower responses - demonstrating the shifting division of labour from hippocampally-dependent new learning towards cortical support for the efficiently-named consolidated items. In contrast, patients with greater damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus displayed the opposite pattern (greater hippocampal activity when naming treated items was associated with quicker responses), implying that their therapy-driven learning was still wholly hippocampally reliant.
Embryonic and extraembryonic tissues during mammalian development: shifting boundaries in time and space

The first few days of embryonic development in eutherian mammals are dedicated to the specification and elaboration of the extraembryonic tissues. However, where the fetus ends and its adnexa begins is not always as self-evident during the early stages of development, when the definitive body axes are still being laid down, the germ layers being specified and a discrete form or bodyplan is yet to emerge. Function, anatomy, histomorphology and molecular identities have been used through the history of embryology, to make this distinction. In this review, we explore them individually by using specific examples from the early embryo. While highlighting the challenges of drawing discrete boundaries between embryonic and extraembryonic tissues and the limitations of a binary categorization, we discuss how basing such identity on fate is the most universal and conceptually consistent. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Extraembryonic tissues: exploring concepts, definitions and functions across the animal kingdom’.
Variability of Calodium hepaticum eggs from sigmodontine host species through geometric morphometric analysis

Abstract Calodium hepaticum is a zoonotic nematode with a worldwide distribution. Although the host range of C. hepaticum includes a wide spectrum of mammals (including humans), this parasite is predominantly associated with the families Muridae and Cricetidae. Several Sigmodontinae species from Argentina were found to be infected by C. hepaticum, with a high prevalence in Akodon azarae. The present study focuses on C. hepaticum eggs from natural infection of three species of sigmodontine rodents from Argentina. Eggs were genetically characterized (intergenic 18S rRNA region). The objectives of this work are: (i) to propose a new analytical methodology; and (ii) to morphologically characterize C. hepaticum eggs, from three Sigmodontinae species (A. azarae, Calomys callidus and Oligoryzomys flavescens). Analyses were made by the Computer Image Analysis System based on the new standardized measurements and geometric morphometric tools. The resulting factor maps clearly illustrate global size differences in the parasite eggs from the three Sigmodontinae species analysed. The degree of similarity between egg populations was assessed through pairwise Mahalanobis distances, showing that the largest distances were detected between parasite eggs from C. callidus and O. flavescens. Herein, the phenotypical plasticity of C. hepaticum eggs is shown. Significant positive correlations were obtained between each egg parasite principal component 1 and rodent corporal characteristics: weight; liver weight; rodent length; and rodent body condition. The usefulness of the geometric morphometric analysis in studies of the relationship between C. hepaticum and its host must be highlighted. The high prevalence observed in A. azarae, associated with the wide size range of the parasite eggs evidenced by principal component analysis, suggests A. azarae to be the Sigmodontinae host species that plays the most important role as reservoir host for C. hepaticum in the New World.
Cross sections for the reactions e^+ e^− → K^0_S K^0_L π^0, K^0_S K^0_L η, and K^0_S K^0_L π^0 π^0 from events with initial-state radiation

We study the processes e^+ e^− → K^0_S K^0_L π^0 γ, K^0_S K^0_L ηγ, and K^0_S K^0_L π^0 π^0 γ, where the photon is radiated from the initial state, providing cross section measurements for the hadronic final states over a continuum of center-of-mass energies. The results are based on 469 fb^(−1) of data collected at or near the Υ(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at SLAC. We present the first measurements of the e^+ e^− → K^0_S K^0_L π^0, K^0_S K^0_L η, and K^0_S K^0_L π^0 π^0 cross sections up to a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV and study their intermediate resonance structures. We observe J/ψ decays to all of these final states for the first time, present measurements of their J/ψ branching fractions, and search for ψ (2S) decays.
Rayleigh–Taylor instability at ionization fronts: perturbation analysis

The linear growth rate of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) at ionization fronts is investigated via perturbation analysis in the limit of incompressible fluids. In agreement with previous numerical studies is found that absorption of ionizing radiation inside the HII region due to hydrogen recombinations suppresses the growth of instabilities. In the limit of a large density contrast at the ionization front the RTI growth rate has the simple analytical solution n=-nur+(nur^2+gk)^(1/2), where nur is the hydrogen recombination rate inside the HII region, k is the perturbation's wavenumber and g is the effective acceleration in the frame of reference of the front. Therefore, the growth of surface perturbations with wavelengths lambda >> lambda_{cr} = 2\pi g/nur^2 is suppressed by a factor (lambda_{cr}/4lambda)^(1/2) with respect to the non-radiative incompressible RTI. Implications on stellar and black hole feedback are briefly discussed.
Automated kinematic modelling of warped galaxy discs in large H I surveys: 3D tilted-ring fitting of H I emission cubes

Kinematical parameterisations of disc galaxies, employing emission line observations, are indispensable tools for studying the formation and evolution of galaxies. Future large-scale HI surveys will resolve the discs of many thousands of galaxies, allowing a statistical analysis of their disc and halo kinematics, mass distribution and dark matter content. Here we present an automated procedure which fits tilted-ring models to Hi data cubes of individual, well-resolved galaxies. The method builds on the 3D Tilted Ring Fitting Code (TiRiFiC) and is called FAT (Fully Automated TiRiFiC). To assess the accuracy of the code we apply it to a set of 52 artificial galaxies and 25 real galaxies from the Local Volume HI Survey (LVHIS). Using LVHIS data, we compare our 3D modelling to the 2D modelling methods DiskFit and rotcur. A conservative result is that FAT accurately models the kinematics and the morphologies of galaxies with an extent of eight beams across the major axis in the inclination range 20$^{\circ}$-90$^{\circ}$ without the need for priors such as disc inclination. When comparing to 2D methods we find that velocity fields cannot be used to determine inclinations in galaxies that are marginally resolved. We conclude that with the current code tilted-ring models can be produced in a fully automated fashion. This will be essential for future HI surveys, with the Square Kilometre Array and its pathfinders, which will allow us to model the gas kinematics of many thousands of well-resolved galaxies. Performance studies of FAT close to our conservative limits, as well as the introduction of more parameterised models will open up the possibility to study even less resolved galaxies.
Noncommutative Noether theorem

Noncommutative (NC) analogue of classical Noether theorem for field theory within the Moyal algebra framework is considered. Relevant spacetime and gauge infinitesimal transformations are classified and used to formulate a NC version of Noether procedure by the mean of Ward identity operators. As an illustration, the method is performed on the recent Grosse‐Wulkenhaar scalar model.
THE CHANGING FRACTIONS OF TYPE IA SUPERNOVA NUV–OPTICAL SUBCLASSES WITH REDSHIFT

Ultraviolet (UV) and optical photometry of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) at low redshift have revealed the existence of two distinct color groups, composed of NUV-red and NUV-blue events. The color curves differ primarily by an offset, with the NUV-blue u − v ? > color curves bluer than the NUV-red curves by 0.4 mag. For a sample of 23 low-redshift SNe Ia observed with Swift, the NUV-red group dominates by a ratio of 2:1. We compare rest-frame UV/optical spectrophotometry of intermediate- and high-redshift SNe Ia with UVOT photometry and Hubble Space Telescope spectrophotometry of low-redshift SNe Ia, finding that the same two color groups exist at higher redshift, but with the NUV-blue events as the dominant group. Within each red/blue group, we do not detect any offset in color for different redshifts, providing insight into how SN Ia UV emission evolves with redshift. Through spectral comparisons of SNe Ia with similar peak width and phase, we explore the wavelength range that produces the UV/optical color differences. We show that the ejecta velocity of NUV-red supernovae (SNe) is larger than that of NUV-blue objects by roughly 12% on average. This velocity difference can explain some of the UV/optical color difference, but differences in the strengths of spectral features seen in mean spectra require additional explanation. Because of the slightly different b − v ? > colors for these groups, NUV-red SNe will have their extinction underestimated using common techniques. This, in turn, leads to underestimation of the optical luminosity of the NUV-blue SNe Ia, in particular, for the high-redshift cosmological sample. Not accounting for this effect should thus produce a distance bias that increases with redshift and could significantly bias measurements of cosmological parameters.