Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computation of Transient Voltages on Wind Turbines on Frequency-Dependent Soil Caused by Lightning Strikes

Wind energy is one of the main sources of renewable energy in power grids. In this context, wind turbines (WT) are subjected to lightning strikes due to their height and locations. In order to investigate the lightning performance of the WT, an equivalent circuit of the wind structure is implemented in the ATP software. For this analysis, the transient voltages on the WT located on frequency-dependent and -constant soils are calculated. First, the harmonic grounding impedance is computed for a frequency range from 100 Hz up to 5 MHz and the Ground Potential Rise (GPR) developed for the first and subsequent return strokes are assessed. Besides that, time-domain voltages along the WT generated by the same lightning currents injected at the tip of the blade are computed. Results indicated that the voltages at the injection point (blade) have no expressive impact for both soil models. Nevertheless, the GPR developed at the grounding system of the WT has a pronounced reduction for the high-resistive soil for both lightning currents. These results confirm the importance of considering the frequency-dependent soil in transient analysis.
Influences of Maternal Parenting Stress on Child Behavior Problems: Examining Harsh and Positive Parenting as Mediators

Extant research demonstrates associations between parenting stress and child internalizing and externalizing problems, with evidence that parenting behaviors may mediate these associations; however, few studies have been longitudinal. The current study tested whether harsh and positive parenting mediated associations between maternal parenting stress and child internalizing and externalizing problems. Data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study were utilized, with 2,606 families who completed the year nine wave included (37% less than high school; 60.2% married/cohabitating; 50% Black, non-Hispanic; 24% Hispanic; and 26% White, non-Hispanic). Analyses revealed parenting stress at age three was significantly associated with higher child internalizing and externalizing problems at age nine. Further, positive but not harsh parenting mediated the link between parenting stress and externalizing problems. Parenting did not mediate the association between parenting stress and internalizing problems. Findings suggest harsh and positive parenting differentially explains associations between parenting stress and child internalizing and externalizing problems.
Effect of Storm-Water Wetlands and Wet Ponds on Runoff Temperature in Trout Sensitive Waters

With increasing development in areas of trout sensitive waters, the effect of urban storm-water runoff temperature on the aquatic ecosystem has become a concern. A study was conducted in western North Carolina, along the southeastern extent of U.S. trout populations, to determine the effect of storm-water wetlands and wet ponds on the temperature of urban storm-water runoff. Measurements included temperature at the inlets, outlets, and at several depths within the best management practices (BMPs). Parking lot runoff temperatures were significantly higher than the 21°C temperature threshold for trout during peak summer months and water temperatures consistently increased from the inlet to the outlet in the storm-water wetland and wet pond, implicating these BMPs as sources of thermal pollution. Despite similar inflow temperatures, effluent temperatures from the wet pond were significantly warmer than those from the storm-water wetland for the period from June to September. Substantial cooling was observed .
Exploratory research on the role of national and professional cultures in a distributed learning project

The impact of differing national and professional cultural backgrounds is a salient issue that interacts with technological support of distributed teams. As we prepare for the world of the future it becomes imperative that we give students the experience of working in multicultural distributed teams. In order to gain experience in this area, a project between ten teams of students from the City University of Hong Kong and the Eindhoven University of Technology in The Netherlands was initiated. A variety of group support technologies, primarily Group Systems, were used to service the teams as they learned to work together. This paper documents experiences from the Hong Kong-Netherlands project. Eight out of ten student teams successfully concluded a seven-week exercise resulting in an integrated report related to software engineering. Data collected on the process are reported and discussed. Those student teams who succeeded were found to be particularly attuned and accommodating to aspects of national and professional culture.
The Generalizability of Patients' Preferences and Concerns regarding Anesthesia Care for Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Survey

Background False assumptions regarding the generalizability of patients' expectations and preferences across different demographic groups may contribute in part to the increased prevalence of negative peripartum outcomes seen among women of color. The intention of this study was to determine preferences and concerns regarding anesthesia care during cesarean delivery in a largely African-American population and to compare them to those obtained in a prior study conducted in a demographically distinct population. Methods Women presenting for scheduled cesarean delivery or induction of labor completed a preoperative survey requesting demographic information and the opportunity to rank ten common potential anesthetic outcomes in relation to each other from most to least desirable. Participants were also asked about their biggest fear concerning their anesthetic and their preferences and expectations regarding degree of wakefulness, pain, and other adverse events. Those who underwent cesarean delivery were administered a briefer postoperative survey. We tabulated preference rankings and then compared demographic and outcome data to that obtained in a previous study with a demographically dissimilar population. Results A total of 73 women completed the preoperative survey, and 64 took the postoperative survey. Pain during and after cesarean delivery was ranked as least desirable outcomes and fear of paralysis was respondents' principal concern with neuraxial anesthesia. Postoperative concerns were similar to preoperative concerns and did not correlate with the frequency with which specific adverse outcomes occurred. These results were consistent with those from the previous study despite the women in this study being more likely to be younger, unmarried, African-American, and less educated than those in the previous investigation. Conclusions Patient preference rankings and concerns were remarkably similar to those previously demonstrated despite a number of demographic differences between the two populations, suggesting generalizability of these preferences to a broader obstetric population.
Plantar Pressures during Ski Jumping Take-Off

The Paromed Datalogger® with two insole pressure transducers (16 sensors each, 200 Hz) was applied to study the feasibility of the system for measurement of plantar pressure distribution in ski jumping. The specific aim was to test the sensitivity of the Paromed system to the changes in plantar pressure distribution in ski jumping. Three international level ski jumpers served as subjects during the testing of the system. The Datalogger was fixed to the jumpers’ lower back under the jumping suit. A separate pulse was transmitted to the Datalogger and tape recorder in order to synchronize the logger information with photocell signals indicating the location of the jumper on the inrun. Test procedure showed that this system could be used in ski jumping with only minor disturbance to the jumper. The measured relative pressure increase during the inrun curve matched well the calculated relative centrifugal force (mv2 · r‒1), which thus serves a rough estimation of the system validity. Strong increase in pressu.
Self-Assessment of Self-Advocacy Skills Among Students with Special Needs

Although universities provide an equivalent opportunity to provide students with the necessary education services and support, students with learning disabilities still experience academic and personal challenges at the university settings. However, students need to know how to advocate themselves in order to acquire the necessary assistant. Therefore, this study aimed at developing framework to provide students with learning disabilities with the required supports and service at the different levels of the university as well as to improve self-advocacy skills among students with learning disabilities. 8 students participated in this study and qualitative method was adopted. The finding showed that students scored moderate level of self-advocacy as well as some suggestion and recommendation were reported by the students as additional supports and services are needed at the university level.
Design of integrated LOCOS waveguide photodetector on SOI

It is now established that defects introduced via ion implantation may act as generating centers in silicon waveguide structures and consequently enhance photosensitivity at wavelengths in the region of 1550 nm. Although several integrated p-i-n waveguide photodiode structures have been presented which exploit this behavior, no attempt has been made to model the generation process and thus optimize device design. We report a model that has been implemented using SILVACO's ATLAS software, and reproduces the observed behavior in the aforementioned device structures. By varying parameters such as the dimensions of the device and the implantation conditions, the responsivity can be maximized. In particular, we have designed an integrated structure centered on a 3 µm wide waveguide created by the LOCOS (Local Oxidation of Silicon) technique on lightly p-doped Silicon-on-Insulator. A self aligned n+ polysilicon contact is placed above the ridge, causing the majority of the depletion to overlap with the optical mode. Symmetric p+ regions are placed on either side of the waveguide, separated by a distance selected to optimize responsivity without causing excess loss. This presents a vast improvement over previous structures of its size, having a predicted responsivity in excess of 50 mA/W at a 2V reverse bias.
A Review on Techniques to Increase Hosting Capacity of Distribution Systems to DERs

This paper presents a structured literature review regarding techniques to increase the hosting capacity of distribution systems to distributed energy resources. The structured search with some filtering criteria was done using the IEEE Xplore® and Scopus® databases. The review has identified that the techniques range from traditional practices (e.g., network reinforcement and reconfiguration, installation of voltage regulators, etc.) to the more advanced ones (e.g., adoption of soft open points, energy storage systems, smart inverter control capabilities, etc.). Moreover, the paper summarizes essential insights regarding the main techniques.
Dynamic Instability of Certain Conservative and Non-Conservative Systems

This paper is concerned primarily with the analysis and resolution of the problems and contradictions that arise in the classification as conservative or non-conservative of a certain type of dynamical system. The systems concerned have equations of motion of gyroscopic type when the deflections are expressed with reference to particular co-ordinate axes, and they exhibit dynamic instability. Three examples are considered which possess their own special characteristics and subtleties; these are the rotating flexible asymmetric shaft, the helicopter ground resonance system and the clamped clamped flexible tube conveying fluid. For each of these cases, the energy input mechanism is examined and the problems of classification resolved.
Effect of collector structure on the FBSOA of the dielectrically-isolated LIGBT

In this paper, the dependence of the forward biased safe operating area (FBSOA) on the collector structures of the dielectrically-isolated (DI) lateral insulated gate bipolar transistor (LIGBT) has been analyzed. In addition to the on-state and switching characteristics, pulsed measurements were performed to determine the FBSOA of these devices. Two-dimensional (2-D) numerical simulations were performed to understand the physics behind the operation of devices fabricated with various collector designs. These studies reveal that some of the structures behave like the conventional LIGBT, while others behave like the LDMOSFET with respect to their FBSOA. Some of the structures also exhibit a unique high-voltage blocking ability while carrying current, while having much smaller breakdown voltages.
Intraspecific diversity alters the relationship between climate change and parasitism in a polymorphic ectotherm

Climate‐modulated parasitism is driven by a range of factors, yet the spatial and temporal variability of this relationship has received scant attention in wild vertebrate hosts. Moreover, most prior studies overlooked the intraspecific differences across host morphotypes, which impedes a full understanding of the climate–parasitism relationship. In the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara), females exhibit three colour morphs: yellow (Y‐females), orange (O‐females) and mixed (mixture of yellow and orange, M‐females). Zootoca vivipara is also infested with an ectoparasite (Ophionyssus mites). We therefore used this model system to examine the intraspecific response of hosts to parasitism under climate change. We found infestation probability to differ across colour morphs at both spatial (10 sites) and temporal (20 years) scales: M‐females had lower parasite infestations than Y‐ and O‐females at lower temperatures, but became more susceptible to parasites as temperature increased. The advantage of M‐females at low temperatures was counterbalanced by their higher mortality rates thereafter, which suggests a morph‐dependent trade‐off between resistance to parasites and host survival. Furthermore, significant interactions between colour morphs and temperature indicate that the relationship between parasite infestations and climate warming was contingent on host morphotypes. Parasite infestations increased with temperature for most morphs, but displayed morph‐specific rates. Finally, infested M‐females had higher reductions in survival rates than infested Y‐ or O‐females, which implies a potential loss of intraspecific diversity within populations as parasitism and temperatures rise. Overall, we found parasitism increases with warming temperatures, but this relationship is modulated by host morphotypes and an interaction with temperature. We suggest that epidemiological models incorporate intraspecific diversity within species for better understanding the dynamics of wildlife diseases under climate warming.
Long-Term Hygrothermal Performance of Green Roofs

Green roofs are becoming more and more popular because their thermal inertia, combined with latent heat effects, saves energy both in summer and winter and helps improve the microclimate in cities. Due to a multitude of influencing factors like moisture storage, freezing, evaporation, shading, reduced radiation absorption through the plant cover, etc., a simulation of the hygrothermal behavior of green roofs is still difficult. In Germany, green roofs are often applied on so-called inverted roofs, where a vapor-retarding foam insulation is used above the roofing membrane in direct contact with the growth medium. Due to a more or less permanent moisture film beneath the insulation panels and a mostly moisture-saturated growth medium above, these insulation boards experience a continuous moisture accumulation during their service life. In numerous in-situ investigations of inverted green roofs, the accumulation of moisture was determined by periodical probing over a period of 10 years. Temperature and humidity sensors at several positions in the roofs served to monitor the transient behavior. Based on these tests, new models for the hygrothermal performance of inverted green roofs have been developed to simulate the moisture behavior of the foam insulation boards, depending on material properties and boundary conditions. Together with further experimental investigations, this model allows a detailed analysis of the longterm hygrothermal and energy performance of green roofs.
ACTA2-Related Dysgyria: An Under-Recognized Malformation of Cortical Development

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Pathogenic variants in the ACTA2 gene cause a distinctive arterial phenotype that has recently been described to be associated with brain malformation. Our objective was to further characterize gyral abnormalities in patients with ACTA2 pathogenic variants as per the 2020 consensus recommendations for the definition and classification of malformations of cortical development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective, multicentric review of patients with proved ACTA2 pathogenic variants, searching for the presence of malformations of cortical development. A consensus read was performed for all patients, and the type and location of cortical malformation were noted in each. The presence of the typical ACTA2 arterial phenotype as well as demographic and relevant clinical data was obtained. RESULTS: We included 13 patients with ACTA2 pathogenic variants (Arg179His mutation, n = 11, and Arg179Cys mutation, n = 2). Ninety-two percent (12/13) of patients had peri-Sylvian dysgyria, 77% (10/13) had frontal dysgyria, and 15% (2/13) had generalized dysgyria. The peri-Sylvian location was involved in all patients with dysgyria (12/12). All patients with dysgyria had a characteristic arterial phenotype described in ACTA2 pathogenic variants. One patient did not have dysgyria or the characteristic arterial phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Dysgyria is common in patients with ACTA2 pathogenic variants, with a peri-Sylvian and frontal predominance, and was seen in all our patients who also had the typical ACTA2 arterial phenotype.
Biomass burning pollution in the South Atlantic upper troposphere: GLORIA trace gas observations and evaluation of the CAMS model

Abstract. In this study, we present simultaneous airborne measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), ethane (C2H6), formic acid (HCOOH), methanol (CH3OH), and ethylene (C2H4) above the South Atlantic in September and October 2019. Observations were obtained from the Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA), as two-dimensional altitude cross-sections along the flight path. The flights were part of the SouthTRAC (Transport and Composition in the Southern Hemisphere Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere) campaign with the German High Altitude and Long range research Aircraft (HALO). On two flights (8 September 2019 and 7 October 2019), large enhancements of all these substances were found between 7 and 14 km altitude with maximum volume mixing ratios (VMRs) of 1000 pptv of PAN, 1400 pptv for C2H6, 800 pptv for HCOOH, 4500 pptv for CH3OH, and 200 pptv for C2H4. One flight shows a common filamentary structure in the trace gas distributions, while the second flight is characterized by one large plume. Using backward trajectories, we show that measured pollutants are likely originating from South America and central Africa, where elevated PAN VMRs are visible at the surface layer of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) model during the weeks before both measurements. In comparison to simulation results of the CAMS reanalysis interpolated onto the GLORIA measurement geolocations, we show that the model is able to reproduce the overall structure of the measured pollution trace gas distributions. For PAN, the absolute VMRs are in agreement with the GLORIA measurements, too. However, C2H6 and HCOOH are generally underestimated by the model, while CH3OH and C2H4, the species with the shortest atmospheric lifetimes of the discussed pollution trace gases, are overestimated by CAMS. The good agreement between model and observations for PAN suggests that the general transport pathways and emissions locations are well captured by the model. The poorer agreement for other species is therefore most likely linked to model deficiencies in the representation of loss processes and emission strength.
A general program for steady state, stability, and FM noise analysis of microwave oscillators

Two novel algorithms are presented for nonlinear autonomous circuit CAD. In the first, a symbolic simulator is used to calculated the possible oscillation frequencies of the circuit, and the high-level behavior of the oscillator is determined by the harmonic balance method extended to autonomous circuits. The second algorithm is based on the conversion matrix method, which allows simulation of nonlinear microwave oscillator phase and amplitude noise spectra with linear and nonlinear correlated noise sources. <<ETX>>
Simulation of longitudinal dynamics of long freight trains in positioning operations

Positioning operations are performed in a railway goods yard, in which the freight train is pulled precisely at a specific point by a positioner. The positioner moves strictly according to the predesigned speed and provides all the traction and braking forces which are highly dependent on the longitudinal dynamic response. In order to improve the efficiency and protect the wagons from damage during positioning operations, the design speed of the positioner has to be optimised based on the simulation of longitudinal train dynamics. However, traditional models of longitudinal train dynamics are not accurate enough in some aspects. In this study, we make some changes in the traditional theory to make it suitable for the study of long freight trains in positioning operations. In the proposed method, instead of the traction force on the train, the motion of the positioner is assumed to be known; more importantly, the traditional draft gear model with nonlinear spring and linear damping is replaced by a more detailed model based on the achievement of contact and impact mechanics; the switching effects of the resistance and the coupler slack are also taken into consideration. Numerical examples that deal with positioning operations on the straight lines, slope lines and curving lines are given.
Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Genotypic Correlation of Soybean Agronomic Characters

Genetic parameters are important in genetic improvement and variety development. This study aimed to determine the effective characters that can be applied as selection criterion in soybean breeding using genetic parameters. About 100 soybean genotypes were grown in the Muneng Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation from April to July 2020. The trial was conducted using a randomized complete block design. The results showed that high genetic variability was found on days to maturity, number of branches per plant, number of productive nodes per plant, 100-seed weight, and seed yield. The high heritability was shown by days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, and 100-seed weight. All phenotypic correlations were significant, except for the correlation between seed yield and days to maturity, plant height, number of branches, and number of productive nodes. The seed yield had no genotypic correlation with all agronomic characters observed. The genotypic correlation was only significant for plant height and number of productive nodes, number of branches and number of filled pods, as well as number of productive nodes and 100-seed weight. Therefore, the improvement of seed yield can be conducted through direct selection using the seed yield parameter or indirectly using the 100-seed weight.