Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental and FEA of Fracture Toughness on In-Situ Al/TiB2 MMCs in Different Mould Conditions

-------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------Abstract In the present work, In-situ Al/TiB2 composites have been successfully synthesized and fabricated through chemical reactions between Aluminium, Titanium and Boron bearing salts and to test in terms of mechanical property (i.e fracture toughness) and numerical simulation by Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The fracture toughness determined the experimental values of the fracture toughness. The experimental results were validated using FEA to simulate fracture toughness also developed. On the basis of obtained simulation results correlate with experimental values. The predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental values. The observation of SEM micrographs and XRD graphs shows homogenous distribution of the reinforcement particles in the cast composite.
Study of anti-nutrients and antioxidant in date palm fruits (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) from Saudi Arabia and Egypt

Saudi (Sukkari) and Egyptian (Sewi) palm dates samples were collected from local markets in both countries and were analyzed for nutritional and anti-nutritional composition using standard analytical methods. The results showed significant differences at (p ≤ 0.05) in phytate, tannins, oxalate, Ca, Fe, Zn, phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and carotenoids. The levels of phytate and tannins were low in both samples, Egyptian (1.79%) and (1.92%) respectively. There was no oxalate in both samples. The percentages of mineral elements to phytate indicated the abundance of mineral elements. Ca was the most abundant in Egyptian and Saudi samples (3.981%) and (3.7665%) respectively. Fe and Zn were least abundant in Egyptian dates (0.175%) and (0.0286), followed by Saudi Sample (0.167%) and (0.026%) respectively. Also, this study indicated both samples were rich of phenolic compound and flavonoids with greater antioxidant activity, where the Egyptian dates sample had the high levels (532.96%), (54.06%) and (62.79%) respectively. The Saudi sample had the high level of carotenoids (3.48 mg/g). The results illustrate that Saudi and Egyptian dates are good for consumption and processing due to their low levels of anti-nutritional factors and the abundance of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antioxidant activity and carotenoids. The differences in results of Saudi (Sukkari) and Egyptian (Sewi) palm dates samples could be referred to the samples sources, growth conditions and fruit age. [Ebtehal Abdulaziz A AlTamim. Study of anti-nutrients and antioxidant in date palm fruits (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) from Saudi Arabia and Egypt] J Am Sci 2014;10(3):154-159]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 20
The Investigation of the Structural Relationship between Perception of Class and Psychological Basic Needs of University Students and their Academic Engagement. J. Educ. Manage. Stud., 4(1):14-21

The study present a model to describe structural relations between three groups of variables based on theories. The model is containing of class variables (connectedness, personal growth and management system), psychological basic needs (autonomy, competency and relatedness) and academic engagement (behavioral, cognitive and affective). A sample of 360 students participated in research. Results showed model have a good fit, also class variables have direct significant effect on psychological basic needs and on academic engagement in directly except of behavioral engagement (may be because of suited discipline and regularity). the correlation between class perception and academic performance was significant (but low) and between psychological basic needs and academic performance was significant considerably.
Prevalence of Syphilis infection Among Adult Rural Residents of Hassai and Bir Agam Areas in Red Sea State (Sudan)

Syphilis is a very serious infection that causes acute cutaneous manifestations including genital ulcers, chronic severe and debilitating compromise of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, and serious effects on reproductive and neonatal health. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of syphilis infection and associated risk factors among adults aged 20-50 years within the local villagers in rural areas to provide baseline information for national, provincial estimates and future projections of syphilis infections. A total of One hundred and twenty five samples of respondents attended Hassai Clinic in Hassai and Bir Agam area, Red Sea State (Eastern Sudan), were enrolled in a cross-sectional study, using Immunochromatography Treponema specific rapid diagnostic test (ICT). The results revealed that 27 of the 125 samples tested (21.6 %) were positive for anti Treponema pallidum antibodies and 98 of them (78.4%) were negative. The prevalence of T. pallidum infection was highest among age groups (20-30) (8.8%) (n=11), followed by (8.0%) (n=10) among the age groups (31-40) years, and (4.8%) (n=6) among age group (41–50) and these revealed no significant effect, (P. value >0.05) equal (0.799). The prevalence of Syphilis infection among permanent residents in the area was (16.8%) (n=21), and (4.8%) (n=6) among those who traveling and partly residents, with no significant effect P. value>0.05. The prevalence of Syphilis infections in males was (20.8%) (n=26), and (0.8%) (n=1) among females tested, with no significant effect P. value>0.05 (0, 11). The prevalence of Syphilis infections among married respondents was (16.8%) (n=21), and (4.8%) (n=6) among unmarried with no significant effect P. value>0.05 (0, 98). Further community –based studies to investigate sexually transmitted infections using large sample size at different medical centers and hospitals are essential. Sex education, promotion of safer sexual behavior, prompt diagnosis of STDs and provision of effective, accessible treatment are recommended. [Osama Mairgani Ismail and Alsadig Mohammed Abdalla. Prevalence of Syphilis infection Among Adult Rural Residents of Hassai and Bir Agam Areas in Red Sea State (Sudan). Nat Sci 2014;12(6):91-95]. (ISSN: 15450740). http://www.sciencepub. net/nature. 13
TB3_OA_Ankit edit

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is major cause of mortality & morbidity all over the world significantly affecting Quality of life of all the affected individuals and it also causes economic as well as social burden on society. COPD at present is the 4th leading cause of death worldwide, and is suspected to become 3rd leading cause of death worldwide by 2020. COPD diagnosis is confirmed by post bronchodilator FEV1 / FVC ratio < 0.70. In the present study, we wanted to examine the relationship between the history, clinical indices and spirometry in patients of COPD. Methods: Study was done in the department of pulmonary medicine on 50 patients of COPD, randomly selected after taking inclusion and exclusion criteria under consideration. Results: >80% of the patients were in age group of 40-70 years and mean age of presentation was 57.6 years. Smoking was present as risk factor in 62%. Most of the patients (42%) were under GOLD stage 3 followed by stage 4 (36%), stage 2 (22%) and no patients in stage 1. Duration of illness among patients ranged from 1 month to 40 years, with a mean of 7.4 years. As per new GOLD 2019 grouping criteria, maximum participants were in group B (78%), followed by group D (20%) and group A (2%). 24 out of 50 patients were in 19-25 BMI (normal) group, followed by 20 patients under <19 (low BMI) group and then 6 in >25 BMI group. We found statistically significant correlations between: FEV1/FVC ratio, MEF 25-75 and Age; between FVC and sexual difference;FEV1, FVC and MMRC Grading. Conclusion: PFT is an important tool for measuring degree of involvement of lung parenchyma in cases of COPD. It is affected by various factors, therefore a thorough history is important for assessment of level of involvement as well as for planning further management of patients.
Erythropoietin Treatment In Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review And Meta-analysis.

Objective: Erythropoietin (EPO) for treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has been investigated in many studies. However, the evidence was inconsistent. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to elucidate the role of EPO in treating patients with AIS. Methods: Two electronic databases (PubMed and EMBASE) were used. 30-day NHISS measures primary outcome while all-cause mortality in the follow up and 90-day Barthel Index were regarded as secondary outcomes. Results are presented as relative risk (RR), standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We employed Stata software to perform the meta-analysis. Results: Four trials involving 784 patients were contained in this meta-analysis. The total combined results on 30-day NHISS were (SMD=-0.52, 95%CI: -1.39, 0.34) with random-effects model and sensitivity analysis showed a significant difference after excluding the Ehrenreich 2009 trial. The total combined secondary measured results were (RR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.10, 2.70) and (SMD=0.01, 95%CI: -0.14, 0.16) for all-cause mortality and 90-day Barthel Index. In the subgroup analysis by whether used recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) earlier, the rtPA group showed increased all-cause mortality with the result of (RR=1.92, 95%CI: 1.04, 3.52), but not in non-rtPA group. Conclusions: The consequence of our study showed no significant efficiency on the functional recovery after AIS with erythropoietin and suggested an increased mortality in EPO group especially with combination of rtPA. Large experimental studies particularly in non-human primates’ models should be performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of EPO and a combination with rtPA before conducting further clinical trials.
Extended Signaling by Melatonin. Cell Cellular Lif Sci J 2018, 3(2): 000123

The whole spectrum of melatonin’s actions cannot be directly deduced from its primary signaling via its membranebound G protein-coupled receptors. This is not so much a matter of possibly existing other binding sites, but rather of the control of other important regulators by melatonin. Therefore, secondary signaling by factors influenced by melatonin has to be taken into consideration, such as other humoral factors, components of circadian oscillators, sirtuins, and microRNAs. Transmission of microRNAs by exosomes contributes to the actions of melatonin. In plants, melatoninbinding proteins are being investigated, but additionally interactions with phytohormones are likely. The recent demonstration of melatonin formation in mitochondria of both plants and mammals as well as the presence of a mammalian mitochondrial melatonin receptor open new aspects of melatonin’s intracellular actions.
Cell Turnover in the Trigeminal Ganglion During Gangliogenesis and Aging Process and its Significance

A chronological, quantitative light microscopic investigation on the histogenic organisation and behaviour of the trigeminal-ganglion was carried out in the ontogeny of the chick. Embryos of 24 chicks at embryonic days 6-18 (E6-E18), on the day of hatching (H) and adult (A) were processed. Paraffin sections of 8 to 10 microns thick were stained with cresyl-fast-violet. Dark and light cells of various size-categories were observed. There were two periods of active proliferation: one on Embryonic Day 8 (E8) and another on E18. An active reduction in the total number of cells occurred during E10-E13 and during post-hatching period. Few light-cells started to appear on E8, continued to increase in number to reach its highest peak on, E13, while the number of dark cells have declined. There was a further fluctuation in the relative numbers of the dark and light cells during the period between E15 E18. The day of hatching marked a second peak of light cells and decline of dark cells. There was a tendency of increased proliferative activity, growth, and maturation of neurones as from E18 with the appearance of larger cell types. The periods of accelerated degeneration of ganglion cells may correspond to the period of active establishment of functional connections. Cell-death might have occurred due either to a failure of these projection-fibres to reach the target-fields or to a failure of making a functional connection. The reduction in the number of light-cells might be associated with the removal of thesd cells due to the increased phagocytic activity. On the basis of the fluctuation in the number of dark and light cells, it is assumed that the dark-cells represent a group of active cells while light-cells are either resting, inactive or dying cells. This assumption need to be confirmed by physiological and immunocytochemical studies.
Research Article CODEN: IJPRNK ISSN: 2277-8713 Hassan M. Elsabbagh., IJPRBS, 2016; Volume 5(1): 45-67 IJPRBS

The aim of the work in this study was to prepare eudragit RL100 based nanoparticles of spironolactone (SPL) by emulsification-solvent diffusion/evaporation technique. This technique was used to prepare the nanoparticles and then studying the effect of some independent variables viz drug concentration, polymer concentration and surfactant concentration on the dependent variables like particle size, polydespersity index (PDI), drug content (Q), drug entrapment efficiency % (DEE%) and percentage yield (%yield) with 2 full factorial design. The optimized nanoparticles formulations were subjected to evaluation by making in-vitro drug release, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and zeta potential (ZP) determination. The results revealed that the drug and polymer were not interacting together. The obtained nanoparticles were found to be smooth and spherical. Also the crystallinity of nanoparticles was found to be less than the pure SPL and the nanoparticles have a size ranged from 60 to 300 nm. The polymer controlled the drug release from nanoparticles but with an initial fast release to give immediate rapid effect in-vivo followed by a slow release phase.
The Influence of Statins on Bone Tissue in Ovariectomized Rats

Objectives: Osteoporosis is a silent, progressive, systemic skeletal disease characterized by impaired bone architecture with decreased bone mass density, affecting mainly women. Statins, inhibitors of HMG-CoA-reductase, seem to interfere with bone formation exerting anabolic and anti-resorptive effect. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of simvastatin on size parameters and bone density of mandible and femur, in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis. Methods: 50 Wistar female rats were randomized in five groups (n=10). Groups 1, 2,3 were ovariectomized, 4 and 5 serve as controls. Groups 2, 3 and 5 were treated with simvastatin (0.5mg/kg/daily per os). Size parameters of the isolated femur, mandible and uterus, BMD via dual energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and serum interleukin-13 (IL-13) were estimated. Results: DEXA results showed significant decrease of BMD in ovariectomized group / controls while statins treatment decreased the severity of BMD lose. The serum IL-13, as osteogenesis index, seems to be positively influenced by statins treatment. Conclusions: Statins treatment seems to restore the decreased femur and mandible parameters and uterus weight in experimental menopause following ovariectomy.
Int. J. Biosci

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of feeding whole and ground barley grains in diet containing high urea on its ruminal dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability and performance of male lambs fed barley-based diet. Barley grains were ground with hammer mill fitted with 5, 3 and 1 mm screens. DM and CP ruminal degradabilities of whole and ground barley grains were determined by nylon bag technique. Whole barley grains were not degraded up to 48 h incubation in the rumen. Water soluble fraction of DM and CP of barley increased as screen size decreased. Effective rumen degradation (ERD) of DM and CP increased as screen size decreased. In experiment 2, twenty four male lambs were used. Lambs were fed with 4 diets (1: basal diet+whole barley grains, 2: basal diet+ground barley grains with a 5 mm screen, 3: basal diet+ground barley grains with a 3 mm screen and 4: basal diet+ground barley grains with a 1 mm screen) in a completely randomized design for 90 days. At the end of experiment, lambs were weighed after 18 hours water and feed deprivation and then were slaughtered. Average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), DM intake significantly affected by treatments. Consumption of whole barley grains increased dry matter intake and pelvic and abdominal fats. The results of this experiment showed that consumption of whole barley grains in diets of feedlot 7-8-month lambs with an initial live weight 40 kg can be recommended. * Corresponding Author: S.R. Ebrahimi-Mahmoudabad  ebrahimiyazd@yahoo.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 6, No. 1, p. 201-209, 2015
ASCORBIC ACID (VITAMIN C) AMELIORATES CISPLATIN- INDUCED HEMATOTOXICITY IN TUMOR-BEARING MICE

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a potent antioxidant which acts as a primary protective mode against aqueous radicals in blood. As compared to ascorbic acid or cisplatin alone, combination treatment of Dalton’s lymphoma bearing mice showed better therapeutic efficacy which is accompanied by increased uptake of platinum (drug) into tumor cells. Further, this study examines the involvement of ascorbic acid in cisplatin-mediated development of various hematotoxic features in mice bearing ascites Dalton’s lymphoma. Treatment of mice with cisplatin resulted in a decrease in blood hemoglobin, erythrocytes, packed cell volume and leukocytes along with the development of various morphological abnormalities in erythrocytes. However, combination treatment of mice with ascorbic acid plus cisplatin reduced various hematotoxicities. In conclusion, combination treatment with ascorbic acid plus cisplatin enhances cisplatin-mediated cytotoxicity against Dalton’s lymphoma and shows an improvement in different hematological toxicities induced by cisplatin which may also be imperative in improving survivability of the host.
Prevalence of Escherichia coli and Shiga Toxin Producing Escherichia coli in Cattle Faeces and Raw Cow Milk Sold in the Tamale Metropolis

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded animals. Most of the E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts, and are occasionally responsible for product recalls due to food contamination [1,2]. The harmless strains are part of the normal flora of the gut, and can benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2 [3] and by preventing the establishment of pathogenic bacteria within intestine [4,5]. Nevertheless, the recognition of STEC as a distinct class of pathogenic E. coli resulted from some epidemiological observations, which were characterized by severe abdominal pain and watery diarrhoea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome [6].
Predictive Factors For A Successful ArterioVenous Access For Haemodialysis

Background: This study, aimed to model associations between multiple predictor variables and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation,is based on post-surgery data from 80 patients that received an AVF construction for the first time by a single surgeon. Using these data the factors associated with successful AVF that may have an important role in improving AVF patency rates are elucidated.Methods: This prospective study included 80 patients undergoing an AVF construction for the first time by a single surgeon, & followed them up till ascertainment of successful AVF maturation. Multivariable logistic regression methods were used to model associations between multiple predictor variables and AVF maturation. We constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, by plotting sensitivity versus specificity of our model predicting AVF maturation. We used the area under the ROC curve (AUC) and odds ratio for predicting optimum venous & arterial diameters for AVF construction. Results: With an overall AVF patency rate of 60 %, the highest patency rates were observed in brachiobasilic AVFs (89.50%), while brachiocephalic & radiocephalic AVFs had patency rates of 47.10% & 55.60% respectively. Distal venous diameter (ROC cut off) > 2.2mm was a significant predictor of a successful AVF. Using odds ratio, a vein having a Walawalkar International Medical Journal diameter of ≥ 2.2mm was 4 times more likely to yield a patent fistula. Proximal arterial diameter (ROC cut off) > 3mm was a significant predictor of a successful AVF. Using odds ratio, an artery having a diameter of ≥ 3 mm was 3 times more likely to yield a patent fistula. Previous central venous catheterization, brachial artery diameter, proximal cephalic vein diameter and distal basilic vein flow velocity are significant predictors of a working AVF as the final outcome. The type of AVF constructed carries no significance as far as prediction of a working AVF is concerned. The age, sex, End Stage Renal Failure (ESRF), Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus & duration of disease had no significance in predicting a
Influence of Drug/Polymer Ratio on the Encapsulation Efficiency of Highly Hydrophilic Drug

In the recent past, the development of targeted drug delivery systems have received an increasing interest not only for a better treatment of specific local pathologies, but also for the systemic therapy of both conventional and labile molecules as well as a means of achieving chronotherapy for diseases like hypertension. The ability to deliver and have a controlled release of therapeutic agents at injured or targeted disease sites is an important aspect in drug development and regenerative medicine. Such system avoid unnecessary health side effects due to burst effect or overdose, ensuring optimum supply of drug that is required by the biological system for a prolonged period and cutting down wastage of expensive drugs. Encapsulating the active agents within a polymeric matrix microsphere is a good option to achieve the objective as the polymer can act as the rate-controlling membrane to obtain the desired controlled release. Besides, encapsulation minimizes the deactivation of drugs during the delivery process due to the protection by the polymer shell and this ensures sufficient amount of drug reaching the targeted area. Although, modern microencapsulation of bioactive substances still continues to be an important area and the effort mostly concentrates Influence of Drug/Polymer Ratio on the Encapsulation Efficiency of Highly Hydrophilic Drug