Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of neural network reliability in safety-critical applications

Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs) are becoming a widely adopted computational model in many fields. These networks achieve great performances in object detection, data analysis and visual recognition tasks. Besides, one interesting application is pedestrian detection in real-time for self-driving cars domain. Since they are deployed in such safety-critical environments, it starts to be mandatory to perform a careful evaluation of their reliability. The main intent of this master thesis is to analyze the reliability of CNNs during inference phase to characterize their behaviour in a faulty scenario, i.e., when the classification results deviate from the correct one. In this work we propose a methodology that evaluates reliability through a fault-injection campaign, by means of a deliberate insertion of faults into the target model, aiming to evaluate the effective convolutional neural network behaviour under faulty-conditions. In a preliminary phase, faults have been injected at bit granularity into the weight floating-point representation. In a second step, since the key operation during convolution is the multiplication, the same operation has been repeated by a fault injection at the output of multiplications. Experimental results show that the network works properly only for stuck restricted to certain locations and, ensuring the same accuracy level of a fault-free inference. For stuckat 1 fault injected into the MSB of the floating-point exponential part we achieved a 12.3% of faults that corrupts output results. Dedicato alla mia famiglia e ai miei cari nonni
Can CRF1 receptor antagonists become antidepressant and/or anxiolytic agents?

Significant progress has been made in the development of several nonpeptide antagonists of the type 1 receptor for corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF). The present review outlines the properties of this drug class that point to their potential as agents for depression and/or anxiety. Behavioral tests of CRF1 receptor antagonists relevant to depression have been mixed. For example, most CRF1 receptor antagonists did not lower swim test immobility in a subacute paradigm, where three injections of the drug are given in the 24 hrs between a 15‐min pre‐swim and a 5‐min test swim. However, reliable effects in other tests of antidepressant action were observed in the chronic mild stress protocol or the Flinders Sensitive Line rat that exhibits innately high swim test immobility when the drugs were given chronically. Because these latter tests have a very good record of predicting antidepressant activity, CRF1 receptor antagonists are good candidates for clinical trials for depression. Evidence indicates that the CRF1 receptor antagonists do not exhibit changes in anxiety‐like behavior under basal conditions. However, this drug class effectively blocks the anxiogenic states produced by withdrawal from chronic alcohol, by exposure to stress, or in rats selectively bred for high anxiety. CRF1 receptor antagonists also prevent the anxiety associated with multiple ethanol withdrawals when given only during the earlier withdrawals. Thus, these agents may also have clinically relevant anxiolytic effects, not only in individuals with anxiety disorders but also in individuals who have anxiety episodes during alcohol or drug withdrawal. Drug Dev. Res. 65:191–204, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of Aerobic Physical Exercise on Cardiovascular Health of In-school Adolescents of Nepalgunj, Nepal

Background: Physical activities and exercise play supportive role in preventing cardiovascular morbidity. Long-term exercise provides more health benefits. Contemporary society are plagued with increasing inactivity and obesity particularly among children and adolescents. Studies demon s tra t e b en ef i t s o f moderate b u t co n s i s ten t aerobic exercise on cardiovascular health, however roles of physical exercise on components of cardiovascular health CVH)-related parameters still remain unclear. This study investigated the effect of aerobic physical exercise on (CVH-related) parameters among in-school adolescents in Nepalgunj municipality, Banke, Nepal. Methodology: This was an eight-week quasi-experimental design conducted by systematic random selection of consenting 8 and 9 graders assigned into intervention and control groups by odd and even number randomization, respectively. Measures of CVH-related parameters were anthropometry while demographic characteristics were collected using validated questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted, and results displayed as frequency, means and standard deviation with paired-sample t-test for test of significance at 5% level. Results: At baseline, physical education and physical exercise groups showed no significant difference in most CVH-related parameters, except resting-Heart Rate that was significantly different (p<0.01). Impact of physical exercise on CVH-related parameters was significant for three CVHrelated parameters of resting-HR (ES=0.56; p<0.001), BMI (ES=0.474; p<0.05), DBP (ES=0.355; p<0.05), but physical education only impacted on CVH-related parameters of resting-HR (ES=0.64; p<0.001). Conclusion: Aerobic physical exercise implemented among in-school adolescents produced marginal but important changes in CVH-related parameters among in-school adolescents in the study despite the short duration of the intervention. The study recommends that physical exercise should be made part of school curriculum activities.
Insect Pests of Crucifers and Their Control

It is generally accepted that the places of origin of the principal species of crucifers are the following: Brassica nigra Koch: Mediterranean region and western Asia; B. alloglabrata Bailey: Japan and western China; B. oleracea Linnaeus: coastal regions of the North Sea and Channel, and Mediterranean region; B. campestris Linnaeus: Mediterranean region and western Asia; B. carinata Alexander Braun: Abyssinia; B. juncea Cosson: central Asia; B. napus Linnaeus: Mediterranean region and Asia; B. alba Linnaeus: Mediter­ ranean region ; Raphanus sativus Linnaeus: western Asia [Va vilov (117»). Therefore, it is not surprising that the insects most harmful to cultivated crucifers have originated from Europe or Asia. On the other continents, the pests injurious to these plants are generally imported insects or polyphagous species [e.g., Trichoplusia ni (Hubner)]; indigenous oligophages are rarely very harmful to crucifers [e.g., harlequin bug, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn») [Streams & Pimentel (102»). The crucifers contain mustard oil in a free form, as well as in glucosidal combination which affects the feeding and oviposition of insects specific to crucifers [e.g., Eurydema ventralis Kolenati; Pieris rapae (Linnaeus); Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus); Plutella maculipennis (Curtis»); allylisothiocyanate is one of the constituents of the sap of mustard leaves, but it has a less pro­ nounced effect on the oviposition of P. maculipennis than does the whole sap, which demonstrates that other agents contribute to the total effect [Thorn­ steinson (110»). The fertility of Phaedon cochleariae (Fabricius) and of Pieris brassicae is considerably reduced when the insects are fed on common cress or cabbage grown on media deficient in various elements such as K, N, P, or Fe [Allen & Selman (2)]. Both the larvae and adult stages of several species that are specific to crucifers consume the leaves of Resedaceae and Tropaeolaceae [Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze); P. atra (Fabricius) ; P. nigripes (Fabricius); Pieris bras­ sicae and P. rapae); or those of Tropaeolaceae alone [Ceutorhynchus pleuro­ stigma (Marsham) and C. quadridens (Panzer»). The insects that are harmful to crucifers are numerous and the literature relating to their biology and their control is very extensive. This review, be­ cause of space limitations, has been confined to the description of some bio­ logical peculiarities of the principal species associated with the crucifers or those h aving a wide geographic distribution, and to general control techni­
A survey of variation in the chemical composition of commercial canola meal produced in Western Canadian crushing plants

Canola samples of whole seed, press cake and commercial meal (CM) were collected from seven canola-crushing plants in Western Canada over 4 successive weeks to assess nutrient and glucosinolate content and variability. The CM data are described in this report. The mean concentrations in CM (dry matter (DM) basis) were: in %, crude protein (N × 6.25) 41.85; ether extract 3.92; crude fiber 13.13; neutral detergent fiber 23.54; acid detergent fiber 19.09; and in MJ kg−1, gross energy 20.36. The mean mineral concentrations were, in percent, calcium 0.70; magnesium 0.57; phosphorus 1.13; potassium 1.35; sulfur 0.94; and in μg g−1, copper 6.34; iron 157; manganese 54.7; molybdenum 1.5; selenium 1.22; zinc 75.8. Total aliphatic glucosinolate concentrations (oil-free DM basis) ranged from 6.26 to 28.42 μmol g−1 for different plants, mean 16.20; indolyl glucosinolate concentrations were from 0.56 to 9.49 μmol g−1. Small and variable amounts of allyl and hydroxybenzyl glucosinolates due to weed seed contamination w.
Miniatures, morphology and molecules: Paedocypris and its phylogenetic position (Teleostei, Cypriniformes)

We review the morphological and molecular evidence that Mayden & Chen recently used to infer that the developmentally truncated fish genus Paedocypris is not a member of the teleost order Cypriniformes or carp-like fishes, but is ‘the basal sister group to all Cypriniformes’. This hypothesis contradicts several previous studies that used molecular sequence data or morphological characters. A review of the morphological characters that Mayden & Chen discussed and mapped onto their ‘simplified tree’ shows that these, analysed alone, rather support a close relationship of the cyprinids Sundadanio, Danionella, and Paedocypris. We also present four additional analyses of morphological data, which all contradict Mayden & Chen's result. Despite its highly reductive skeleton, posing a serious problem when analysing its phylogenetic position with skeletal characters, the presence in Paedocypris of the basioccipital masticatory plate is compelling evidence that it is a member of the Cyprinoidei (Cyprinidae plus Psilorhynchidae). Our reanalysis and exploration of their molecular sequence data shows that only a single gene, EGR3, of the six nuclear genes analysed by Mayden & Chen, is responsible for the position of Paedocypris as ‘the basal sister group to all Cypriniformes’. Three independent methods to visualize and analyse phylogenetic signal and conflict of data sets (phylogenetic networks, splits analysis methods or SAMS, and site-wise likelihood analyses) reveal a high level of character conflict and noise in Mayden & Chen's data set. The ‘basal’ position of Paedocypris seems to be the outcome of the interplay of two long-branch effects. We apply the same analytical methods to the data set from Ruber et al.'s molecular analysis of the phylogenetic position of Paedocypris and discuss our findings. We conclude that none of the molecular data sets compiled to date can establish the phylogenetic position of Paedocypris with confidence. Morphological data suggest that Paedocypris and Danionella are sister genera, and that their closest relative is Sundadanio, although the position of these three miniatures among cyprinoids is still unclear. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London
Bioherbicidal activity of some winter weeds against some crops.

The study aims at investigating the allelopathic effects of twelve weed species including Anagallis arvensis, Plantago lanceolata, Medicago polymorpha, Ammi visnaga, Phragmites australis, Silybum marianum, Emex spinosa, Malcolmia africana, Calendula arvensis, Rumex crispus, Fumaria indica and Cirsium arvense on seed germination, seed inhibition, seed germination time, seed germination index and seed vigor index of the test crops (wheat, maize and sunflower). A laboratory experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design in March 2010 in the Department of Weed Science, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Rumex crispus inhibited the seed germination up to 80% and 70% in both wheat and sunflower, respectively while the seed of maize showed high tolerance against all extracts except Fumaria indica extract that inhibited the maize seed germination up to 40%. In the present study, sunflower proved more susceptible to all extracts and maize was more tolerant to the phytotoxicity of all the weeds.
Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae

Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. - This paper reviews the European Hydrozoa species belonging to the families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Emended diagnoses for the Oceanidae, the Pachycordylidae, and for some of their genera are provided. Due to the paucity of suitable characters, the macrotaxonomy of the two families is un- settled and must be regarded as provisional. The family Oceanidae includes the genera Cordylophora, Corydendrium, Merona, Oceania, Rhizogeton, Turritopsis, Turritopsoides, and the new genus Similomerona gen. n. The family Pachycordylidae includes the genera Pachycordyle and Silhouetta. Turritopsis polycirrha and T. dohrnii are both regarded as valid species and distinct from T. nutricula of the western Atlantic. Histological sections confirmed that Turritopsis polycirrha is hermaphroditic and larviparous, while T. nutricula is dioecious and oviparous. Turritopsis rubra (Farquhar, 1895) comb. n. from New Zealand is also regarded as a valid species and removed from synonymy with T. nutricula. The known distribution of Corydendrium dispar is extended to include the Faroe Islands. A former record of C. dispar from Denmark is referred to Pachycordyle navis (Millard, 1959) comb. n. Pachycordyle fusca Muller, 1913 is regarded as a likely synonym of Pachycordyle pusilla (Motz-Kossowska, 1905) comb. n.
Prevalence, serological typing and PCR sensitivity comparision of Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella spp. isolated from raw chicken carcasses.

Poultry meat is the most popular food products worldwide. Salmonella are important foodborne pathogens especially in poultry. Objectives in this study were to determine the presence of Salmonella spp. and to detect the incidence of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis in 100 raw chicken carcasses. Carcasses which were collected from Istanbul (n=100) for the detection of the organism by conventional culture method and confirmed of strains by PCR of DNA using invA and fliC genes. According to the results, Salmonella spp. was determined in 15 (15%) raw chicken carcass samples of 100 total samples analyzed due to both PCR and conventional culture method include serological tests; Four (26.6%) samples were identified as S. Enteritidis while 3 (20%) samples were S. Typhimurium of 15 total Salmonella spp. Sensitivity of PCR procedures for Salmonella spp. and S. Typhimurium were high and quite specific. However, the sensitivity of the mentioned procedure was very low for S. Enteritidis. It is being thought that PCR procedures can be good alternative methods to microbiological analysis procedures for Salmonella spp. and S. Typhimurium while microbiological analysis procedures have more advantages than PCR procedures for protection of the public health at the detection of S. Enteritidis.
First records of pollinators of two co-occurring Mediterranean Apocynaceae

Abstract This article presents results of a field survey of pollinators of two Apocynaceae, Periploca laevigata subsp. angustifolia (Labill.) Markgraf (Periplocoideae) and Caralluma europaea (Guss.) N.E. Br. (Asclepiadoideae) co-occurring on Lampedusa Island, Mediterranean sea. Fifteen species within nine families of Diptera have been identified as pollinators of the two plants. The families involved are Tephritidae, Milichiidae, Trixoscelididae, Scathophagidae, Anthomyiidae, Muscidae, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Rhinophoridae. Families of Muscidae and Sarcophagidae are the more represented, respectively with four and three species. P. laevigata subsp. angustifolia seems to have a broader spectrum of pollinators, with 12 species of Diptera involved, while C. europaea has 8 species of Diptera as pollinators. Five species of Diptera are shared between the two plant species. The presented data are the first records of pollinators for P. laevigata subsp. angustifolia and C. europaea and confirm that both taxa are fly pollinated, though they do not conform exactly to the sapromyiophilous syndrome. The number of pollinators identified indicated that the morphological and functional floral specialization of the two taxa cover a wide number of pollinators with a similar biology.
An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Sonebhadra District of Uttar, Pradesh, India with reference to their infection by foliar fungi

Sonebhadra district is one of the less studied regions of India for its ethnobotanical values. The present paper synthesizes the first report related to the documentation of ethnomedicinal plants of Sonebhadra district and their infection by foliar fungi. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured interviews and field observations. Correct identity of the plants was done with the help of relevant flora. Fungal organisms were identified on morphotaxonomic bases. The use of 143 medicinal plants belonging to 56 angiospermic families, by the tribal communities of Sonebhadra district has been documented. Out of 143 medicinal plants, 31 were found infected by different species of foliar fungi viz. Pseudocercopsora, Alternaria, Cercospora, Passalora, Corynespora, Mycovellosiella, Veronia and Dreschslera. Documentation of indigenous knowledge used for cure of different diseases by the tribes of the area can be used as basis for developing management plans for conservation and sustainable use of ethnomedicinal plants of the area. The report on foliar fungi infecting medicinal plants may draw attention of pharmaceutical firms and responsible sectors for proper care of the traditionally used medicinal wealth of the area. Key words: Ethnobotanical, medicinal plants, indigenous knowledge, foliar fungi, Sonebhadra district.
The Effect of Child-Centered Play Therapy on Academic Achievement with Normal Functioning School Children

This examination of normal functioning second grade students investigated the effect of child-centered play therapy (CCPT) on academic achievement. The treatment group was provided with biweekly play therapy sessions consisted of 30 minutes for a period of eight weeks. The results demonstrated the second graders who participated within the study (n=27) exhibited a statistically significant increase on the Woodcock Johnson III Total Brief Achievement Score (Mather & Woodcock, 2001) in comparison to the children within the waitlist control group (n=23). Findings advocate the usage of CCPT as an intervention for academic achievement.
On the determinant of random matrices

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Verzenio® (abemaciclib) Significantly Reduced the Risk of Cancer Returning in People with High Risk HR+, HER2- Early Breast Cancer

INDIANAPOLIS, June 16, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) today announced Verzenio® (abemaciclib) in combination with standard adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) has met the primary endpoint of invasive disease-free survival (IDFS), significantly decreasing the risk of breast cancer recurrence or death compared to standard adjuvant ET alone. These results are from a pre-planned interim analysis of the Phase 3 monarchE study – making Verzenio the only CDK4 & 6 inhibitor to demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in the risk of cancer recurrence for people with high risk hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) early breast cancer. The safety profile was consistent with that observed in other Verzenio studies in the MONARCH clinical program. Lilly plans to present these data at a medical meeting later this year.
U.K. winter egg survival in the field and laboratory diapause of Typhlodromips montdorensis

Abstract. Typhlodromips montdorensis has potential for release as a glasshouse biological control agent in the U.K. against thrips and spider mites. This study investigates the field survival in the U.K. of T. montdorensis when released as eggs, and the diapause response when reared in a regime related to its location of origin. All acclimated and nonacclimated eggs of T. montdorensis die in the field within 7 days of exposure. It is not possible to induce diapause in T. montdorensis reared at 21 °C under a LD 11 : 13 h photoperiod. The results presented here support the view that T. montdorensis is unlikely to survive a U.K. winter outside of the glasshouse environment, and contribute to the understanding of the biology of this little known species.
PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITIES OF PARINARI CURATELIFOLIA, STRYCHNOS SPINOSA AND ADANSONIA DIGITATA

The phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of Parinari curatelifolia, Strychnos spinosa and Adansonia digitata were determined and compared to orange juice and baobab nectar, a commercial beverage. Methanolic extracts were investigated for their ability to scavenge free radicals by the 1, 1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging assays whilst the β-Carotene Linoleic Acid Model System and inhibition of phosholipid peroxidation were used as model systems. The reducing power assay was used to determine the reducing potential of the extracts. Results showed that the beverages in this investigation were capable of acting as antioxidant sources as they displayed significant radical scavenging properties. Adansonia digitata had the highest and comparable antioxidant activities to Citrus sinensis (orange). The total phenolic, ascorbic acid, proantocyanidin and flavonoid contents ranged between 12 and 58 mg GAE/100 mL, 0.00 to 51.26 mg/100 mL, 0.35–1.071% and 18.3–124 mg/100 mL, respectively. There was a positive correlation between antioxidant activities and phenolic compounds content but there was no clear relationship between proanthocyanidin content and antioxidant activity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Fruits contribute significantly to the diets of many rural families in times of famine and they also provide some essential micronutrients. The results obtained in this study showed that fruits are valuable sources of antioxidants and if their consumption is promoted they will go a long way in addressing some problems of malnutrition bedeviling rural communities in Africa.