Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temporal Trends in Invasive Management and In-Hospital Mortality of Patients With Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes and Chronic Kidney Disease

We analyzed data from 4 nationwide prospective registries of consecutive patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) admitted to the Italian Intensive Cardiac Care Unit network between 2005 and 2014. Out of 26 315 patients with ACS enrolled, 13 073 (49.7%) presented a diagnosis of non-ST elevation (NSTE)-ACS and had creatinine levels available at hospital admission: 1207 (9.2%) had severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <30), 3803 (29.1%) mild to moderate CKD (eGFR 31-59), and 8063 (61.7%) no CKD (eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Patients with severe CKD had worse clinical characteristics compared with those with mild-moderate or no kidney dysfunction, including all the key predictors of mortality (P < .0001) which became worse over time (all P < .0001). Over the decade of observation, a significant increase in percutaneous coronary intervention rates was observed in patients without CKD (P for trend = .0001), but not in those with any level of CKD. After corrections for significant mortality predictors, severe CKD (odds ratio, OR: 5.49; 95% CI: 3.24-9.29; P < .0001) and mild-moderate CKD (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.52-3.59; P < .0001) remained strongly associated with higher in-hospital mortality. The clinical characteristics of patients with NSTE-ACS and CKD remain challenging and their mortality rate is still higher compared with patients without CKD.
Management of the Adverse Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

By increasing the activity of the immune system, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPI) can have adverse inflammatory effects, which are referred to as immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). In this review, we present the recommendations for the appropriate identification and treatment of irAEs associated with ICPI to increase the safety and effectiveness of therapy with these immuno-oncological drugs. Several guidelines to manage irAEs adopted by different American and European societies in the field of oncology were identified. A narrative review of the several strategies adopted to manage irAEs was performed. With close clinical surveillance, ICPI can be used even in patients who have mild irAEs. Moderate to severe events require early detection and appropriate treatment, particularly in patients with a history of transplantation or pre-existing autoimmune disease. In most cases, adverse reactions can be treated with the interruption of treatment and/or supportive therapy, which includes, in serious adverse reactions, the administration of immunosuppressants. The identification and treatment of irAEs in the early stages may allow patients to resume therapy with ICPI. This review is an instrument to support healthcare professionals involved in the treatment and monitoring of patients who are administered ICPI, contributing to the timely identification and management of irAEs.
Aggregation pheromone of the bean bug, Riptortus clavatus THUNBERG(Heteroptera: Coreidae): mating behavior and pheromone release in male adults.

We compared the activity of mating behavior in male adults of the bean bug, Rip-tortus clavatus THUNBERG, of various ages, reared under different photoperiodic conditions in the laboratory, and also investigated the pheromone releasing activity of males using male-baited sticky traps set in the field. Most males kept under long-day photoperiod in the laboratory reached sexual maturation and were able to successfully copulate with mature females within several days after eclosion. Pheromone release by males kept in the laboratory under long-day photoperiod appeared to be initiated simul-taneously or a bit later than sexual maturity, according to the daily-catch records by the traps baited with young male adults. Male adults kept under short-day photoperiod in the laboratory did not show mating behavior, indicating that both males and females were induced to enter reproductive diapause by short-day length. On the other hand, when adults were reared under short-day photoperiod, the males enclosed in the trap cages attracted significant numbers of adults in field, indicating that the short-day males released an aggregation pheromone. These results imply that the function of the pheromone is not directly related to mating behavior, and thus, another function should be investigated in future.
Effect of Feeding Complete Rations on Growth and Nutrient Utilization in Crossbred Calves

A growth trial was carried out for 180 d on 24 cross-bred (Ongole x Holstein) male calves randomly allotted to three groups fed on conventional ration consisting of 1,7 kg concentrate mixture and ad libitum urea-molasscs enriched wheat straw (RO, complete feed (mash) with 50 per cent wheat straw (R2) and complete feed (mash) with 35 per cent wheat straw and 15 per cent bcrseem hay (R3). The growth rate and feed : gain ratio were significantly higher (P < 0.05) and feed cost per kg live weight gain was considerably lower in animals fed Ra than Rx. Digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, EE and NFE were significantly higher (P < 0.01) while CF was lower on R2 and R3 than on R1. Significantly higher (P < 0.01) N, Ca and P balances were noticed in animals fed complete feeds. The DCP content and intakes were lower on conventional ration than the complete diets, however, nutrient intakes were higher than the recommended levels on complete feeds and met the requirements.
Variation and evolution in the karyotype of Lycoris, Amaryllidaceae. I: General karyomorphological characteristics of the genus

The general karyomorphological characteristics of fifteen taxa of Lycoris have been studied and the results are itemized as follows.1) The resting nuclei of all examined taxa are diffused type.2) Three fundamental types of chromosome are recognized; i.e. large metacentrics (M type), telocentrics (T type) having heterochromatic block at the proximal region, and acrocentric chromosomes (A type). Other types such as M', T', a and m are produced from three fundamental types by various structural changes. Details will be reported in the forthcoming papers.3) C-banding pattern and pairing behaviour in each of the fundamental types of chromosome suggest that they have partial homology with one another.4) The quantity and position of C-banding positive constitutive heterochromatin in M and T type chromosomes of the genome of L. traubii is remarkably similar to those of Nothscordum fragrans, Allioideae.
Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A 2021 Update

Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy associated with poor prognosis. Treatment options are limited partially due to resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Immunotherapy has changed the treatment landscape in metastatic and recurrent solid tumors such as malignant melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer. Application of immunotherapy regimens in patients with HCC has led to encouraging results in terms of both safety and efficacy. In this review, we summarize the key points of currently available clinical trials and immunotherapy perspectives for HCC. Moreover, we explore the role of tumor microenvironment as a predictive and prognostic marker to immunotherapy response and its clinical implications. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of one of the most frequent liver cancers and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Current treatment options such as surgery, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, liver transplantation, and radiofrequency ablation will benefit only a very small percentage of patients. Immunotherapy is a novel treatment approach representing an effective and promising option against several types of cancer. The aim of our study is to present the currently ongoing clinical trials and to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy in HCC. In this paper, we demonstrate that combination of different immunotherapies or immunotherapy with other modalities results in better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to single immunotherapy agent. Another objective of this paper is to demonstrate and highlight the importance of tumor microenvironment as a predictive and prognostic marker and its clinical implications in immunotherapy response.
Transient Multivalent Nanobody Targeting to CD206-Expressing Cells via PH-Degradable Nanogels

To target nanomedicines to specific cells, especially of the immune system, nanobodies can be considered as an attractive tool, as they lack the Fc part as compared to traditional antibodies and, thus, prevent unfavorable Fc-receptor mediated mistargeting. For that purpose, we have site-specifically conjugated CD206/MMR-targeting nanobodies to three types of dye-labeled nanogel derivatives: non-degradable nanogels, acid-degradable nanogels (with ketal crosslinks), and single polymer chains (also obtained after nanogel degradation). All of them can be obtained from the same reactive ester precursor block copolymer. After incubation with naïve or MMR-expressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, a nanobody mediated targeting and uptake could be confirmed for the nanobody-modified nanocarriers. Thereby, the intact nanogels that display nanobodies on their surface in a multivalent way showed a much stronger binding and uptake compared to the soluble polymers. Based on their acidic pH-responsive degradation potential, ketal crosslinked nanogels are capable of mediating a transient targeting that gets diminished upon unfolding into single polymer chains after endosomal acidification. Such control over particle integrity and targeting performance can be considered as highly attractive for safe and controllable immunodrug delivery purposes.
Clinical Characteristics and Mortality of Healthcare Workers with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico City

Abstract Background We evaluated the risk of death of healthcare workers (HCW) with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico City during the COVID-19 pandemic and described the associated factors in hospitalized HCW compared with non-HCW. Methods We analyzed data from laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases registered from February 27-August 31, 2020 in Mexico City’s public database. Individuals were classified as non-HCW and HCW (subcategorized as physicians, nurses and other HCW). In hospitalized individuals, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze potential factors associated with death and compare mortality risk among groups. Results A total of 125,665 patients were included. Of these, 13.1% were HCW (28% physicians, 38% nurses and 34% other HCW). Compared with non-HCW, HCW were more frequently female, younger and free of comorbidities. Overall, 25,771 (20.5%) were treated as inpatients and 11,182 (8.9%) deaths were reported. Deaths in the total population and in hospitalized patients were significantly higher in non-HCW than in HCW (9.9% vs 1.9%, P<.001; and 39.6% vs 19.3%, P<.001, respectively). In hospitalized patients, using a multivariate model, the risk of death in HCW in general was lower (OR 0.53) compared to non-HCW, and by specific occupation, in physicians, nurses and other HCW risk was OR 0.60, 0.29, 0.61, respectively. Conclusions HCW represent an important proportion of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico City. While the mortality risk in HCW is lower compared with non-HCW, a high mortality rate in hospitalized patients was observed in this study. Among HCW, nurses had lower risk of death compared to physicians and other HCW.
Reducing Internalized Homonegativity: Refinement and Replication of an Online Intervention for Gay Men

ABSTRACT We refined and replicated an efficacious brief intervention to reduce internalized homonegativity (IH) with a sample of gay and exclusively same-sex attracted men recruited from outside of LGBT community networks using Amazon Mechanical Turk. We sought to 1) determine if levels of IH differed between the original study's community-based sample and our non-community-based sample, 2) examine the efficacy of the replicated intervention, and 3) assess for longitudinal effects of the intervention at a 30-day follow-up. Four hundred eighty-four participants completed either the intervention or a stress management control condition. Mean levels of IH were higher in the current sample compared with the earlier study's community sample. The intervention was efficacious at reducing global IH, reducing personal homonegativity, and increasing gay affirmation. Ninety-six participants completed the follow-up; follow-up results were not significant and may have been affected by high rates of attrition. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Enzyme immunoassays for detection and quantification of venoms of Sri Lankan snakes: Application in the clinical setting

Background Detection and quantification of snake venom in envenomed patients’ blood is important for identifying the species responsible for the bite, determining administration of antivenom, confirming whether sufficient antivenom has been given, detecting recurrence of envenoming, and in forensic investigation. Currently, snake venom detection is not available in clinical practice in Sri Lanka. This study describes the development of enzyme immunoassays (EIA) to differentiate and quantify venoms of Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii), saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus), common cobra (Naja naja), Indian krait (Bungarus caeruleus), and hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) in the blood of envenomed patients in Sri Lanka. Methodology / Principal findings A double sandwich EIA of high analytical sensitivity was developed using biotin-streptavidin amplification for detection of venom antigens. Detection and quantification of D. russelii, N. naja, B. caeruleus, and H. hypnale venoms in samples from envenomed patients was achieved with the assay. Minimum (less than 5%) cross reactivity was observed between species, except in the case of closely related species of the same genus (i.e., Hypnale). Persistence/ recurrence of venom detection following D. russelii envenoming is also reported, as well as detection of venom in samples collected after antivenom administration. The lack of specific antivenom for Hypnale sp envenoming allowed the detection of venom antigen in circulation up to 24 hours post bite. Conclusion The EIA developed provides a highly sensitive assay to detect and quantify five types of Sri Lankan snake venoms, and should be useful for toxinological research, clinical studies, and forensic diagnosis.
Importance of Dietary Phosphorus for Bone Metabolism and Healthy Aging

Inorganic phosphate (Pi) plays a critical function in many tissues of the body: for example, as part of the hydroxyapatite in the skeleton and as a substrate for ATP synthesis. Pi is the main source of dietary phosphorus. Reduced bioavailability of Pi or excessive losses in the urine causes rickets and osteomalacia. While critical for health in normal amounts, dietary phosphorus is plentiful in the Western diet and is often added to foods as a preservative. This abundance of phosphorus may reduce longevity due to metabolic changes and tissue calcifications. In this review, we examine how dietary phosphorus is absorbed in the gut, current knowledge about Pi sensing, and endocrine regulation of Pi levels. Moreover, we also examine the roles of Pi in different tissues, the consequences of low and high dietary phosphorus in these tissues, and the implications for healthy aging.
Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Functions in Gram-Positive Bacteria

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived lipid bilayers secreted by bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Bacterial membrane vesicles were discovered over 60 years ago and have been extensively studied in Gram-negative bacteria. During their production, EVs are loaded with proteins, nucleic acids, and various compounds that are subsequently released into the environment. Depending on the packaged cargo, EVs have a broad spectrum of action and are involved in pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, nutrient uptake, and nucleic acid transfer. ABSTRACT Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived lipid bilayers secreted by bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Bacterial membrane vesicles were discovered over 60 years ago and have been extensively studied in Gram-negative bacteria. During their production, EVs are loaded with proteins, nucleic acids, and various compounds that are subsequently released into the environment. Depending on the packaged cargo, EVs have a broad spectrum of action and are involved in pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, nutrient uptake, and nucleic acid transfer. Due to differences in cell wall structure, EVs in Gram-positive bacteria have been disregarded for decades, and our understanding of their biogenesis and host cell interaction is incomplete. Recently, studies on bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp. , Bacillus subtilis, and Mycobacterium spp. have demonstrated EV production in Gram-positive bacteria and shown the great importance EVs have in Gram-positive bacterial physiology and disease progression. Here, we review the latest findings on the biogenesis and functions of EVs from Gram-positive bacteria and identify key areas for future research.
AGT-Reha-WK study: protocol for a non-inferiority trial comparing the efficacy and costs of home-based telerehabilitation for shoulder diseases with medical exercise therapy

Introduction Shoulder lesions rank among the top 15 diagnoses accounting for days of incapacity to work. Inpatient or full-day outpatient rehabilitation are some of the standard therapies. For sustainable rehabilitation, continuation of rehabilitation after discharge from a rehabilitation centre is vital. Besides medical exercise therapy (MET), home-based physical exercise programmes are used. To monitor exercise quantity and quality, AGT-Reha, a health-enabling technology for home rehabilitation, has been developed and evaluated in a pilot study for technical feasibility and acceptance. To integrate the digital therapeutic AGT-Reha into regular healthcare processes, an efficacy evaluation is required. Methods and analysis AGT-Reha-WK is a prospective, monocentric, non-randomised, unblinded non-inferiority trial. Primary objective is to investigate whether AGT-Reha enhanced home-based exercise training is non-inferior to MET as standard aftercare. Secondary objective is to compare the costs of both therapies. Efficacy as medical success (primary outcome) is examined with regard to ability to work, return to work and sustainability of training (secondary outcomes). The outcome measure for non-inferiority is shoulder function (pain and disability) assessed by the standardised Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). The non-inferiority margin is set to 10 points on SPADI score using a 95% CI. Subjects will be recruited at the Rehabilitation Center Bad Pyrmont, Germany. The total number of subjects should be 84 (42 per group). Treatment takes 6 months per patient. Subjects will be assessed at four time points: pre-baseline (admission to rehabilitation centre), baseline (discharge from rehabilitation centre), post-therapy and follow-up (3 months post-therapy). Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Hannover Medical School (ethics approval no: 7313). Results of the trial are planned to be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Trial registration number German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00011596. Registered 2 June 2017. Recruitment started on 3 March 2017, and it is expected to continue until December 2020. Protocol version V2.0, 23 May 2018, Amendment 01: improved risk analysis, clarification of exclusion criteria to increase reproducibility, additional documentation with OpenClinica; these changes have no effect on structural equality.
Sensitive parenting in urban slums in Makassar, Indonesia: the roles of experienced child maltreatment and sociodemographic risk

ABSTRACT In the context of urban slums in Makassar in Indonesia, this study aimed to test whether maternal sensitivity was associated with maternal history of childhood maltreatment, and whether this association was mediated by current partner conflict and current cumulative sociodemographic risk. A total of 98 mothers and their 2–4 year-old children were videotaped in a naturalistic observation. Maternal sensitivity was coded using the Ainsworth scales. In addition, mothers were interviewed to assess childhood trauma, current partner conflict, and current sociodemographic risk. There was a significant negative correlation between maternal experienced childhood maltreatment and observed maternal sensitivity. Current partner conflict and sociodemographic did not mediate the association between childhood maltreatment and maternal sensitivity.
Life history and geographical distribution of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), in southern Europe

In September 2013, the walnut twig beetle (WTB) Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman, a species native to Mexico and south‐western USA, was recorded for the first time in Europe, in northern Italy. The collected adults were found to be vector of the fungus Geosmithia morbida Kolařik, Freeland, Utley & Tisserat, an aggressive pathogen causing thousand cankers disease in walnut (Juglans spp.). To determine the geographical distribution of the WTB and the main aspects of biology, phenology and voltinism, an intensive survey of the main walnut plantations near the site of the first finding was conducted in 2014. The beetles began to fly with a mean air temperature of about 18°C (mid‐May) and continued until late October. Two partially overlapping generations occurred, with the second taking place in late September. The WTB was found in 14 of the 27 monitored walnut plantations. The infested sites were spread over four different non‐contiguous administrative provinces belonging to two regions (Veneto and Lombardy) of northern Italy. The most distant infested plantations were about 130 km apart along a west–east gradient, and about 70 km along a north–south gradient. In this respect, the distribution area of the WTB in northern Italy may be prudently estimated at about 4200 km2. Molecular analysis of the collected individuals showed no genetic differences among the six sampled P. juglandis populations, suggesting that a few individuals might have arrived in Italy through a single introduction event and then spread over the territory. Given the quick mortality of infested walnuts and the wide distribution area, eradication strategies appear unrealistic. Possible strategies of biological control or local chemical treatments must be investigated.