Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
10-kV SiC MOSFET Power Module With Reduced Common-Mode Noise and Electric Field

The advancement of silicon carbide (SiC) power devices with voltage ratings exceeding 10 kV is expected to revolutionize medium- and high-voltage systems. However, present power module packages are limiting the performance of these unique switches. The objective of this research is to push the boundaries of high-density, high-speed, 10-kV power module packaging. The proposed package addresses the well-known electromagnetic and thermal challenges, as well as the prominent electrostatic and electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues associated with high-speed, 10-kV devices. The high-speed switching and high voltage rating of these devices causes significant EMI and high electric fields. Existing power module packages are unable to address these challenges, resulting in detrimental EMI and partial discharge that limit the converter operation. This article presents the design and testing of a 10-kV SiC mosfet power module that switches at a record 250 V/ns without compromising the signal and ground integrity due to an integrated screen reduces the common-mode current by ten times. This screen connection simultaneously increases the partial discharge inception voltage by more than 50%. With the integrated cooling system, the power module prototype achieves a power density of 4 W/mm3.
An in-depth analysis of HIV prevalence in Ghana: Further analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys data

The 2003 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (2003 GDHS) is the fourth national-level population and health survey conducted in Ghana as part of the global Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The 2003 GDHS is the sixth survey in the DHS program to include HIV testing and the third after Kenya and Burkina Faso to anonymously link the HIV results with key demographic social and behavioral factors. The 2003 GDHS final report summarized HIV/AIDS-related knowledge attitudes and behaviors and HIV prevalence and associated factors. Overall 2.2 percent of the survey respondents tested were HIV positive (2.7 percent of women age 15-49 and 1.6 percent of men age 15-59). The report presented descriptive statistics on the proportion of respondents who had correct HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and accepting HIV/AIDS-related attitudes among those who had heard about AIDS (nearly universal in Ghana). This information was disaggregated by sociodemographic background characteristics. For respondents who were sexually experienced or active the report presented descriptive statistics on sexual behaviors that are associated with HIV risk (also disaggregated by sociodemographic background characteristics). HIV prevalence was examined by background characteristics and higher risk sexual behaviors. (excerpt)
Clinical Therapeutic Research of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy by Yiqi Huoxue Huashi Project and Analysis of Correlative Influencing Factors

Objective:To summarize and analyze the therapeutic effect of Yiqi Huoxue Huashi Project for patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN),and to observe the factor that influence the therapeutic effect.Methods:Two hundred and thirty four IMN patients were treated with Yiqi Huoxue Huashi Project.Clinical data including the common informations,course of disease,laboratory examination and follow-up office visit of IMN patients were collected and analyzed.Results:The rate of complete remission was 42.31%. The total effective rate was 76.07%. The total effective rates at year 1,2,3 and more than 4-year were 72.22%,74.48%,75.47% and 78.38%,respectively.The total effective rate of using Chinese medicine,combination of Chinese medicine and Western medicine and Chinese medicine after withdrawl of various western drugs showed no effectives was 80.31%,77.53%,70.89%. The renal survival rates of three years’,five years’ and ten years’were 99%,95% and 80% respectively.Univariate analysis showed that age,smoking,hypertension,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,albumin,24 hours’urinary protein were the influence factors of remission.Multiple analysis showed four important influencing factors,which were age,smoking,follow time and albumin.Conclusion:The treatment of Yiqi Huoxue Huashi Project had good curative effect in evidence,even consolidated and low recurrence rate.The project was effective to protect renal function,and prolong renal survival time.The important factors that influenced curative effect were age,smoking,follow-up time and albumin level.
A Sleep Apnea Monitoring IC for Respiration, Heart-Rate, SpO2 and Pulse-Transit Time Measurement Using Thermistor, PPG and Body-Channel Communication

This paper presents a low power bio-signal acquisition system for sleep apnea, which can measure respiration, heart rate, SpO2, and pulse transit time (PTT). For respiration, a nasal airflow sensor with a thermistor is used. For PTT that can serve as a surrogate for blood pressure during sleep, two photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensors are employed at the upper arm and the finger. For improved comfort during sleep, body channel communication (BCC) is used to remove long wires. To reduce power consumption and circuit complexity, sensor’s analog front-end is implemented by using a current-controlled oscillator which is also shared by BCC transmitter that employs analog frequency modulation. Implemented in $0.18~\mu \text{m}$ CMOS, the proposed IC consumes less than 3.6 mW from a 1.8 V supply, while occupying 0.145 mm2 of active area.
Schatting van het potentiële aantal donororganen in 1988 en 1989 in 13 ziekenhuizen met een hoofdfunctie neurochirurgie

Het aantal orgaandonaties in Nederland blijft sterk achter bij de behoefte. In dit artikel wordt onderzocht welke aantallen donors en donororganen in 1988 en 1989 in de 13 Nederlandse ziekenhuizen met een hoofdfunctie neurochirurgie ten hoogste bereikt hadden kunnen worden. Het aantal te doneren nieren had 2 maal zo hoog kunnen zijn als het aantal werkelijk gedoneerde nieren (respectievelijk 631 en 642). Levers en harten hadden 5 maal en pancreata meer dan 35 maal zo vaak gedoneerd kunnen worden als de werkelijk gehaalde aantallen (in absolute aantallen voor 1988 en 1989 respectievelijk 173 en 204 (levers), 154 en 178 (harten) en 239 en 285 (pancreata). De voornaamste oorzaak voor het niet verwezenlijken van een donatie vormde de weigering door nabestaanden.
The Remarkable Cochlear Implant and Possibilities for the Next Large Step Forward

Email: blake.wilson@duke.edu Introduction The modern cochlear implant (CI) is a surprising achievement. Many experts in otology and auditory science stated categorically that pervasive and highly synchronous activation of neurons in the auditory nerve with electrical stimuli could not possibly restore useful hearing for deaf or nearly deaf persons. Their argument in essence was “how can one have the hubris to think that the exquisite machinery of the inner ear can be replaced or mimicked with such stimuli? ” They had a point!
Perceptions of Local Parents and School Staff on Childhood Obesity Prevention Interventions in Iran

Background and Objectives: Childhood obesity is an increasing public health problem in Iran, and there is no evidence for effective prevention strategies to date. The aim of this qualitative study was to identify and prioritise perceived potential interventions by parents and school staff to help inform the development of an obesity prevention intervention for Iranian school children. Materials and Methods: Focus groups were held with the parents of primary school aged children and school staff working in primary schools in Tehran city. Additionally, three interviews were held with two physical education teachers and one school nurse. The participants were asked about the causes of obesity and what activities they believed would help children to maintain healthy weight. Then they were asked to prioritise the activities that would have the greatest impact on children to maintain their healthy weight. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Parents were selected from a range of socio-economic backgrounds to include two groups from each of high, medium, and low socio-economic districts of Tehran. Eleven focus groups were held with a total of 85 participants. Results: Public policy interventions included the provision of valid nutrition information, physical activity promotion, and accessibility to healthy foods. School-based interventions included improving physical education, providing organised physical activity, provision of good quality education for children, parents and school staff, improving school shops, and using rewards and competitions. The findings suggest that close liaison should be established between the school, the family, and the broader community. Conclusions: This study provided important contextual data on where the emphasis should be placed in developing the childhood obesity prevention interventions for the school children in Tehran. The findings further highlight the importance of involving a wide range of stakeholders, and including multiple components to maximise the chances of success.
Rigorous Modal Circuit Synthesis Including Modal Coupling for Linear, Time-Invariant, and Passive Electromagnetic Systems

A novel and rigorous modal circuit-modeling approach for arbitrary linear, time-invariant, and passive electromagnetic systems, e.g., transmission lines, antennas, or printed circuit boards, is presented. Based on the discrete representation of the distributed system, e.g., by the method of moments, finite differences, or finite elements, the governing matrix equation is solved exactly by means of the eigenmodes of the quasi-static and lossless system. This is achieved by accounting for the mutual coupling of the modes, which has been omitted in all recently presented approaches and found to be responsible for the limitations, especially with regard to the radiation losses. The proposed circuit synthesis is based on the rational modeling of the fundamental system dynamic independent of the port positions. The latter correspond to modal weighting, modeled by a simple transformer network. The complexity of the network model is considerably reduced by an estimation of the dominant modal couplings and the representation of all subresonant modes by lumped elements. The versatility and accuracy of the proposed SPICE-compatible circuit model are demonstrated by full-wave reference simulations in frequency and time domain, including linear and nonlinear terminations.
Maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform and deep learning for robust denoising and detection of power quality disturbance

This study presents a new technique for power quality (PQ) disturbance detection. The technique focuses on voltage sags and interruptions that are related to various faults, i.e. transmission line, feeder, and transformer faults. A maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform-based PQ detection algorithm is proposed to provide accurate points of disturbance initiation and recovery. The proposed PQ detection algorithm is robust even without a detection threshold and independent of the sampling frequency of PQ recording. In consideration of the presence of noise conditions, the preprocessed PQ waveforms are converted into 2D binary vectors using space vector transformation. Then, an improved stacked sparse denoising autoencoder combined with supervised backpropagation training is proposed as a robust classifier. Results show that the proposed method is suitable for detecting various types of PQ disturbances and possesses high recognition accuracy despite insufficient training samples.
Gold Nanofilm-Coated Porous Silicon as Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrate

Metallic film-coated porous silicon (PSi) has been reported as a lucrative surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. The solution-based fabrication process is facile and easy; however, it requires additional reducing agent and extra chemical treatment, as well as hinders the suitability as a reproducible SERS substrate due to irregular hot spot generation via irregular deposition of metallic nanocrystallites. To address this issue, we report a unique one-step electronic beam (e-beam) physical vapor deposition (PVD) method to fabricate a consistent layer of gold (Au) nanofilm on PSi. Moreover, to achieve the best output as a SERS substrate, PSi prepared by electrochemical etching was used as template to generate an Au layer of irregular surface, offering the surface roughness feature of the PSi–Au thin film. Furthermore, to investigate the etching role and Au film thickness, Au-nanocrystallites of varying thickness (5, 7, and 10 nm) showing discrete surface morphology were characterized and evaluated for SERS effect using Rhodamine 6G (R6G). The SERS signal of R6G adsorbed on PSi–Au thin film showed a marked enhancement, around three-fold enhancement factor (EF), than the Si–Au thin film. The optimal SERS output was obtained for PSi–Au substrate of 7 nm Au film thickness. This study thus indicates that the SERS enhancement relies on the Au film thickness and the roughness feature of the PSi–Au substrate.
Cultural integration through shared learning among resettled Bhutanese women

ABSTRACT The multidimensional needs of recently resettled refugees have been well documented and range from elevated rates of mental illness and health care challenges to difficulties accessing resources due to language and literacy barriers. These factors are largely responsible for the challenges resettled refugees face in acquiring and maintaining stable employment. It is possible that achieving financial stability through steady employment and purposeful money management may alleviate some stressors associated with the resettlement process, though research in this area that is specific to refugees is in its infancy. What is clear, however, is that a traditional approach to mental health treatment (i.e., therapy in a traditional office setting) may lack effectiveness because of the lack of attention to extraneous stressors such as poverty, transportation, and language and literacy challenges that impact resettled refugees. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively assess the impact of a group-based financial education course and social enterprise on the self-reported mental health (i.e., post-traumatic stress symptoms, depression, anxiety, and somatization) of Bhutanese refugee women resettled in the United States. The study also sought to evaluate the acceptability and overall satisfaction with various components of the intervention. This qualitative study was a follow-up to a larger quantitative study that included 65 Bhutanese women who were resettled to the southwestern United States by a large resettlement agency. The results of this study offer insights into the lived experiences of Bhutanese refugees in the United States, particularly related to cultural integration bolstered by group-based education and shared learning opportunities.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPOSPADIAS CASES IN SANGLAH GENERAL HOSPITAL, BALI-INDONESIA: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

Background: Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies. The purpose of this study is to assess the characteristics of hypospadias patients in Sanglah General Hospital, and the type of hypospadias repair and the outcome. Methods: The data is collected retrospectively from the hypospadias patients’ medical records who undergone a hypospadias repair between January 2009 to April 2012. The data is analyzed descriptively to describe the characteristics of hypospadias patients, the procedures taken, and the outcomes. Results: From 42 patients, type of hypospadias are 33.3% (n=14) penoscrotal; 21.4% (n=9) scrotal; 14.3% (n=6) corona; 26.2% (n=11) penile; 2.4% (n=1) subcoronal; 2.4% (n=1) and perineal. Chordee was present in 67.9% cases (n=36), and cryptorchidism present in 3.7 % case (n=2). The urethroplasty techniques applied: TIP 55.6% (n=15); Duckett Preputial Island Flap 14.8% (n=4); MAGPI 14.8% (n=4); 14.8% (n=4) two stages urethroplasty. Complication rate of Duckett is 50% (n=2) urethra cutaneous fistula; MAGPI 25% (n=1) meatal stenosis; TIP 20% (n=3), 2 urethrocutaneous fistula, 1 urethral stricture; 2 stages urethroplasty 0% (n=0). Conclusion: The findings suggest a different frequency of the proportion of the type of hypospadias in this study when compare to the readily available literature. The age of the patients undergone hipospadias repair was higher compare to other studies. TIP technique was the most preferred in Sanglah Hospital.
Contribution of 3D modeling to anatomy education: a pilot study

Objectives: Traditional anatomy education involves theoretical lectures and practical applications, including examination of cadavers and models. In recent years, new technologies in biomedical fields have included three-dimensional (3D) modeling techniques that enable rapid creation of a 3D computer version of physical models. Such 3D modeling can be used as an active educational tool that enables students to better understand organs and how these organs are positioned relative to one another in anatomy education. The aim of this study was to analyze how the active role and involvement of students in 3D modeling contributes to anatomy education and 3D thinking. Methods: In this study, 29 Term II students studying in the Baflkent University School of Medicine were enrolled with 3D modeling training based on an anonymized CT sample. In addition to defining anatomic structures observed in the sections, 3D images of the common carotid artery, thyroid gland and trachea were obtained using the TT3D-BMMP software, and the position of these structures relative to one another was evaluated. The results of the anatomy quizzes given before and after the 3D modeling training were statistically evaluated. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the results of the quizzes administered before and after the training (p<0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was found between male and female students in terms of the quiz results before training, while a significant difference was found in the quiz results after training. Conclusion: We believe that sectional and radiological identification and recognition of anatomical structures by the students through 3D modeling will facilitate their anatomy education and be beneficial in terms of clinical practices in the future.
An Inertia and Damping Control Method of DC–DC Converter in DC Microgrids

In DC microgrids, the inherent inertia from DC capacitors is low and the DC bus voltage is susceptible to power fluctuations, which results in low DC voltage quality. In this article, an inertia and damping control (IDC) method is proposed and applied in the energy storage system to strengthen the inertia and damping of DC microgrids. The proposed control strategy is obtained based on the charging and discharging conversion form of capacitors and aims to control the external characteristics of converters in DC microgrids to improve its inertia and damping feature. The small signal model of the proposed control strategy is built to identify the stability and dynamic characteristic. In order to eliminate the abrupt change in the beginning of the voltage dynamic characteristic, a feedforward control is implemented and the dynamic characteristic is revised. Then by analyzing system stability, the range of virtual inertia control coefficient and damping control coefficient are determined. Finally, hardware- in-the-loop (HIL) simulation based on RT-LAB is carried out to verify the validity of the above theoretical analysis and control strategy. In this simulation, the proposed control strategy is implemented in the energy storage system, which provides inertia support to smooth the DC voltage under power fluctuations.
Minimization of Current Ripple and Switching Losses in Double-Inverter Fed Wound Rotor Induction Machine Drive Using PWM Techniques

In the topology of double-inverter fed wound rotor induction machine (DI-WRIM) two voltage source inverters (VSIs) are connected one each on stator and rotor terminals. This leads to ripple in both stator and rotor currents. In this paper, these current ripples are analyzed in terms of the stator- and rotor-flux ripples, which are estimated from their respective terminals. To reduce the current ripples, the VSIs of the stator and rotor terminals are modulated with different pulsewidth modulation (PWM) sequences. The switching loss in the DI-WRIM is also analyzed for the proposed stator–rotor PWM sequence combinations, based on the flexibility of changing the power factor, by changing the flux component of the current fed from either side of a DI-WRIM drive. The proposed PWM combinations with the proposed flux component in currents are found to reduce the stator and rotor current ripples and, the switching losses. The analytically estimated root mean square current ripples for the proposed PWM combinations are validated using the simulation and the experimental results obtained from a 3-kW DI-WRIM drive. The analysis on switching losses is validated by measuring the temperature rise of heat sinks present in the individual stator and rotor side VSIs of the DI-WRIM drive.
A scalable data-driven approach to temperature baseline reconstruction for guided wave structural health monitoring of anisotropic carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer structures

To account for the temperature effect on guided wave signals in complex structures, a significant amount of baseline measurements typically need to be collected over a large temperature range to serve as a library of signals at all possible temperatures, which, if not impossible, is highly impractical. This article presents a data-driven temperature baseline reconstruction approach that is applicable for various structures made from the same material. The influence of temperature on the amplitude and phase of guided wave measurements are experimentally quantified as dimensionless compensation factors. The derived compensation factors are used to reconstruct baselines at various temperatures for guided wave measurements in a simple flat plate and a stiffened panel. With a single baseline measurement at 20°C and the reconstructed baseline using the predetermined temperature compensation factors, impact damage was successfully detected and located when current measurements were up to 25°C and 20°C higher than the baseline temperature, respectively.
Performance of Low-Noise Ferrite Shield in a K-Rb-21Ne Co-Magnetometer

Spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) co-magnetometer is considered to be a promising nuclear spin gyroscope due to its ultrahigh rotation measurement sensitivity and magnetic field disturbance cancellation ability. Recent experiments indicate that the relaxation of the noble-gas spins would result in reduction of the magnetic field disturbance cancellation ability, which means that magnetic noise from the passive magnetic shield in a SERF co-magnetometer can cause rotation rate measurement error. In this paper, the magnetic field frequency response of a SERF atomic magnetometer is derived based on state space method and the magnetic noise of different shield materials are measured. The magnetic noise error model in a SERF co-magnetometer is then derived and the magnetic noise induced rotation rate measurement error is quantitatively evaluated. The superiority of ferrite shield is shown by the performance of a K-Rb-21Ne co-magnetometer. Experimental results show that ferrite shield with lower magnetic noise and better temperature stability is a more favorable choice for the inner shield of the co-magnetometer.