Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Culturally Responsive Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: Assessment, Practice, and Supervision

CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY: ASSESSMENT, PRACTICE, AND SUPERVISION. Pamela A. Hays and Gayle Y. Iwamasa (Eds.), 2000. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Reviewed by Timothy A. Sisemore (Psychological Studies Institute/Chattanooga, TN). As America's population diversifies, mental health professionals are compelled to respond by respecting the persons of various cultures who present in our offices. This challenge is great when we learn that, for example, 85% of psychologists are of European American heritage (p. 4). This contrasts with the general American population which is comprised of 12.1% African-Americans, 12.6% Latinos and Latinas, and 3.6% Asian Americans (p. ix) to mention but a few minority groups. There is thus a clear disparity between who gives therapy and who is out there to receive it with regard to culture. In response, the American Psychological Association (American Psychologist, 2002) has published a set of guidelines for multicultural training and practice, and other professional groups have made similar gestures. However, a gap has continued to exist between commonly used forms of therapy, particularly ones with empirical support, and how to apply them to diverse populations. It is to address this need that Hays and Iwamasa assembled an impressive and varied group of scholars and provided us with a look at cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in multicultural perspective. Culturally Responsive Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy surveys a variety of ethnic and other minority cultures and the scant literature on applying CBT with them. Each chapter offers a helpful background to working with the group being considered, reviews any research on CBT with that population, suggests strengths and weaknesses of CBT for that group, and offers case examples of its use. This is most appropriate for, as Iwamasa and her coauthors note in the last chapter, "culture serves as a filter through which individuals identify their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors" (p. 277) and thus intersects directly with the domains fundamental to CBT. A significant drumbeat of similarities in strengths for CBT with differing groups permeates the book. Many of the cultures reviewed are collectivisitic, valuing family and community over the individual. This lends itself well to CBT which is designed to incorporate the environment surrounding the concerns leading to therapy. It opens the door to including family, community members, and even religious authorities in the therapy. For many groups, the educational approach of CBT, including homework and handouts, mitigates against the stigma of counseling by making it more like a series of classes than many traditional forms of therapy. The present-oriented, problem-solving approach of CBT lends itself well to the needs of many of the cultural groups reviewed. Weaknesses for CBT include the under-representation of minority clients in the research upon which it is founded and the possibility that family will not be given its rightful place in therapy as it holds in many cultural groups. …
Changes in daily extreme temperatures in the extra‐Carpathians regions of Romania

Changes in daily extreme temperatures have been identified in many studies conducted at local, regional or global scales. For Romanian territory, only little research on this issue was done. In this article, the extra‐Carpathians regions of Romania located southward and eastward from the Carpathians Chain were considered. This study is focused on analyzing daily extreme temperature trends at a regional scale (eastern, southern and southeastern regions of Romania) across 50 years (1961–2010). Data sets of daily minimum and maximum temperature recorded in 14 weather stations were analyzed. The main goal was to find changes in extreme daily temperatures using a set of 20 indices adopted from the core indices developed by ETCCDMI with appropriate modifications to suit to the analyzed territory. The main results suggest that regional temperature trends at the scale of extra‐Carpathians areas of Romania are similar to those calculated for global and European continental scales; the climate has become warmer during the last decades. It has been identified that both extreme daily maximum and minimum temperatures have increased in the analyzed areas. For all the indices related to hot temperature most trends are significantly positive. The strongest increase was detected for hot related extremes such as summer days and tropical nights as well as for maximum values of maximum and minimum daily temperatures. For indices related to cold there are different sign slopes, but negative slopes prevail, especially for number of days under a defined threshold. This is also an evidence of the important warming in the area. Generally, it was found that the daily maximum temperature is getting more extreme, whereas the minimum is getting less extreme. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
20-Year Climatology of and Wet Deposition at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

A 20-year dataset of weekly precipitation observations in Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, was analysed to assess atmospheric wet deposition of nitrogen. Mean annual total nitrogen deposition was 74 mg N/(m2 yr) but exhibited large interannual variability and was dominated by highly episodic “strong” events, probably caused by rapid transport from European sources. The majority (90%) of precipitation samples were defined as “weak” ( 2 mg N/m2) and additionally contributed up to 225 mg N/(m2 yr). Nitrate deposition largely occurred in samples within the solid-precipitation season (16 September–2 June), and ammonium deposition occurred equally in both solid and liquid seasons. Trends of reactive nitrogen emissions from Europe are uncertain, and increasing cyclonic activity over the North Atlantic caused by a changing climate might lead to more strong deposition events in Svalbard.
Gravity Flow on Steep Slope

Particle-laden gravity-driven flows occur in a large variety of natural and industrial situations. Typical examples include turbidity currents, volcanic eruptions, and sand storms (see Simpson, 1997, for a review). On mountain slopes, debris flows and snow avalanches provide particular instances of vigorous dense flows, which have special features that make them different from usual gravity currents:
Social anxiety disorder and shame cognitions in psychosis

Background Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is surprisingly prevalent among people with psychosis and exerts significant impact on social disability. The processes that underlie its development remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between shame cognitions arising from a stigmatizing psychosis illness and perceived loss of social status in co-morbid SAD in psychosis. Method This was a cross-sectional study. A sample of individuals with SAD (with or without psychosis) was compared with a sample with psychosis only and healthy controls on shame proneness, shame cognitions linked to psychosis and perceived social status. Results Shame proneness (p < 0.01) and loss of social status (p < 0.01) were significantly elevated in those with SAD (with or without psychosis) compared to those with psychosis only and healthy controls. Individuals with psychosis and social anxiety expressed significantly greater levels of shame (p < 0.05), rejection (p < 0.01) and appraisals of entrapment (p < 0.01) linked to their diagnosis and associated stigma, compared to those without social anxiety. Conclusions These findings suggest that shame cognitions arising from a stigmatizing illness play a significant role in social anxiety in psychosis. Psychological interventions could be enhanced by taking into consideration these idiosyncratic shame appraisals when addressing symptoms of social anxiety and associated distress in psychosis. Further investigation into the content of shame cognitions and their role in motivating concealment of the stigmatized identity of being ‘ill’ is needed.
A Preliminary Controlled Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Clozapine-Resistant Schizophrenia

The use of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) in addition to antipsychotic regimen to treat persistent psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia is growing. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of CBT to a befriending (BF) control group in patients with schizophrenia who are refractory to clozapine. Twenty-one patients completed the 21-week trial. In comparison with the control group, the CBT group showed a significant improvement in the General Psychopathology and total score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, as well as an improvement of Quality of Life scale. The improvement in psychopathology persisted at 6-month follow-up assessment.
Occurrence and use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing psilocybin alkaloids

In some parts of the world mushrooms have had a central role in religious ritual ceremonies. Ethnomycological studies among the Indian tribes of Mexico - the Aztecs and the Chichimecas - revealed the mushrooms to be hallucinogenic. Chemists from a leading Pharmaceutical company took over, isolated and described the mushroom alkaloid psilocybin, that upon dephosphorylation after collection of the mushroom or in the human body, form psilocin that is the active hallucinogenic compound. For a long time psilocybin/psilocin was expected to become a constituent of psychedelic drugs useful for treatment of specific psychoses. As the effect of psilocybin/psilocin resembles that of LSD the isolated compound, as well as mushrooms containing the compound, became popular among recreational users of hallucinogenic drugs in Western America, and from there the habit of using these mushrooms have spread around the world. Psilocybin/psilocin is legally prohibited in many countries which usually treat the compound as a narcotic drug. Some countries also prohibit the use of some or all psilocybin-containing mushrooms. In this respect, the legal situation differs between Nordic countries. Although psilocybin-containing mushrooms are not what Nordic mushroom pickers are trying to find as food or food supplement, there is a risk, admittedly small, that these mushrooms accidentally will be collected. At the present situation, this may be a legal problem in some Nordic countries. This document aims at identifying when this might be the case without going into legal interpretations.
Pancreatic Physiology/Pathophysiology P21-activated kinase 4 in pancreatic acinar cells is activated by numerous gastrointestinal hormones/neurotransmitters and growth factors by novel signaling, and its activation stimulates secretory/growth cascades

Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT. P21-activated kinase 4 in pancreatic acinar cells is activated by numerous gastrointestinal hormones/ neurotransmitters and growth factors by novel signaling, and its activation stimulates secretory/growth cascades. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol G302–G317, kinases (PAKs) are highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinases, which are divided into two groups: group-I (PAKs1–3) and group-II (PAKs4–6). In various tissues, Group-II PAKs play important roles in cytoskeletal dynamics and cell growth as well as neoplastic develop-ment/progression. However, little is known about Group-II PAK’s role in a number of physiological events, including their ability to be activated by gastrointestinal (GI) hormones/neurotransmitters/growth factors (GFs). We used rat pancreatic acini to explore the ability of GI hormones/neurotransmitters/GFs to activate Group-II-PAKs and the signaling cascades involved. Only PAK4 was detected in pancreatic acini. PAK4 was activated by endothelin, secretagogues-stimulating phospholipase C (bombesin, CCK-8, and carbachol), by pancreatic GFs (insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1, hepatocyte growth factor, epidermal growth factor, basic ﬁbroblast growth factor, 1 -R afﬁnity states, Src, p42/44, and p38 activation. PAK4 activation is required for CCK-mediated p42/44 activation/amylase release. These results show PAK4 plays an important role in mediating CCK physiological signal cascades and suggest it may be a target in pancreatic acinar diseases besides cancer.
Seasonal spatial and temporal distribution of daytime inhalation-level particulate matter in Washington, DC

The spatial and temporal variations of inhalation-level airborne particulate matter in four Wards of Washington, DC were characterized during two six-week observation periods in the summer and fall of 2003. The average aerosol mass densities during the summer (19.3 μg m −3 ) were roughly double the average values observed during the fall (10.0 μg m −3 ). In general, a concentration gradient is observed from north to south across the District of Columbia with the gradient becoming more pronounced in the summer time. The fine aerosol size fractions centered at 0.15 and 0.30 microns dominated the mass distributions during both observation periods and the smallest size fraction showed a strong (0.79) correlation with wind speed during the summer IOP but negligible correlations with temperature and relative humidity. This may be an indication that non-local sources are contributing significantly to the fine aerosol fraction during this season.
Rhombencephalitis possibly caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

in the absence of atypical pneumonia.CaseA 16-year-old girl, a student, born and living in Minas Gerais state, presented chest and neck pain, low fever, myalgia and coryza. Twenty-four hours after the onset of symptoms, the patient was seen at a ba-sic health clinic and was first treated with common painkillers for viral symptoms, possibly upper airways viral infection. For-ty-eight hours later, the patient presented transitory exanthema, headache, few epi-sodes of vomiting and hyporexia, and con-tinued to be febrile. Reassessment at a sec-ond health clinic showed dysarthria, gait ataxia and mental confusion, in addition to an episode of generalized tonic-clon-ic seizures. A cranial computed tomogra-phy performed 5 days later was normal. There was no report of important person-al or family histories and no history of re-cent travel.Seven days after the onset of symp-toms, the patient was transferred to a ter-tiary care unit where the diagnostic hy-pothesis of HSV-1 meningoencephalitis was raised. At admission, the patient pre-sented a preserved general state and was hydrated, acyanotic and eupneic. Exam-ination of the respiratory and cardiolog-ic system showed no abnormalities. Neu-rological examination showed the patient alert and oriented with isochoric and pho-toreactive pupils, neck stiffness, unaltered cranial nerves, dysmetria on the left side of the body, ataxic gait, normoactive os-teotendinous reflexes, and the presence of a bilateral Babinski sign. Muscle strength and sensitivity were normal.As part of the investigation, cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) examination showed the following results: leukocytes, 230 cells/mm
The Eocene Nummulite Carbonates (Central Tunisia and NE Libya): Sedimentology, Depositional Environments, and Application to Oil Reservoirs

Les nummulites sont des foraminiferes benthiques qui ont prolifere sur le pourtour du bassin mediterraneen au cours de l'Eocene. L'accumulation de coquilles a conduit a la formation de pieges a hydrocarbures. L'enjeu de ce travail a consiste a etudier ces depots carbonates a l'affleurement (Tunisie centrale, NE Libye) puis a comparer les donnees de terrain avec les donnees de reservoirs petroliers. Suite a des etudes experimentales, il est demontre que les nummulites peuvent etre transportees facilement par des courants de fond pour former differents corps sedimentaires, dont la taille et les qualites reservoirs dependent etroitement du degre de remaniement. Les etudes de terrain ont permis notamment de reconstituer en 3D des corps sedimentaires. La correlation entre les deux zones d'etude tend a montrer un deplacement des environnements a nummulites a la limite Eocene inferieur/moyen, en relation avec un mouvement de surrection generalise a l'echelle de la marge sud du bassin mediterraneen.
The Tyrosine Kinome Dictates Breast Cancer Heterogeneity and Therapeutic Responsiveness

Phospho‐tyrosine signaling networks control numerous biological processes including cellular differentiation, cell growth and survival, motility, and invasion. Aberrant regulation of the tyrosine kinome is a hallmark of malignancy and influences all stages of breast cancer progression, from initiation to the development of metastatic disease. The success of specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors strongly validates the clinical relevance of tyrosine phosphorylation networks in breast cancer pathology. However, a significant degree of redundancy exists within the tyrosine kinome. Numerous receptor and cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases converge on a core set of signaling regulators, including adaptor proteins and tyrosine phosphatases, to amplify pro‐tumorigenic signal transduction pathways. Mutational activation, amplification, or overexpression of one or more components of the tyrosine kinome represents key contributing events responsible for the tumor heterogeneity that is observed in breast cancers. It is this molecular heterogeneity that has become the most significant barrier to durable clinical responses due to the development of therapeutic resistance. This review focuses on recent literature that supports a prominent role for specific components of the tyrosine kinome in the emergence of unique breast cancer subtypes and in shaping breast cancer plasticity, sensitivity to targeted therapies, and the eventual emergence of acquired resistance. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1971–1990, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
BSACI guideline for the diagnosis and management of cow's milk allergy

This guideline advises on the management of patients with cow's milk allergy. Cow's milk allergy presents in the first year of life with estimated population prevalence between 2% and 3%. The clinical manifestations of cow's milk allergy are very variable in type and severity making it the most difficult food allergy to diagnose. A careful age‐ and disease‐specific history with relevant allergy tests including detection of milk‐specific IgE (by skin prick test or serum assay), diagnostic elimination diet, and oral challenge will aid in diagnosis in most cases. Treatment is advice on cow's milk avoidance and suitable substitute milks. Cow's milk allergy often resolves. Reintroduction can be achieved by the graded exposure, either at home or supervised in hospital depending on severity, using a milk ladder. Where cow's milk allergy persists, novel treatment options may include oral tolerance induction, although most authors do not currently recommend it for routine clinical practice. Cow's milk allergy must be distinguished from primary lactose intolerance. This guideline was prepared by the Standards of Care Committee (SOCC) of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (BSACI) and is intended for clinicians in secondary and tertiary care. The recommendations are evidence based, but where evidence is lacking the panel of experts in the committee reached consensus. Grades of recommendation are shown throughout. The document encompasses epidemiology, natural history, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment.
Use of 2-Octyl-Cyanoacrylate Skin Adhesive (Dermabond) for Wound Closure following Reduction Mammaplasty: A Prospective, Randomized Intervention Study. “Tips and Tricks” to Improve Statistical Analysis and Significance of Results in Abdominal Dermolipectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

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Temperature response in the Altai region lags solar forcing

The role of the sun on Earth's climate variability is still much debated. Here we present an ice core oxygen isotope record from the continental Siberian Altai, serving as a high‐resolution temperature proxy for the last 750 years. The strong correlation between reconstructed temperature and solar activity suggests solar forcing as a main driver for temperature variations during the period 1250–1850 in this region. The precisely dated record allowed for the identification of a 10–30 year lag between solar forcing and temperature response, underlining the importance of indirect sun‐climate mechanisms involving ocean‐induced changes in atmospheric circulation. Solar contribution to temperature change became less important during industrial period 1850–2000 in the Altai region.
Repetitive Negative Thinking About Suicide: Associations With Lifetime Suicide Attempts

Background Repetitive negative thinking has been identified as an important predictor of suicide ideation and suicidal behavior. Yet, only few studies have investigated the effect of suicide-specific rumination, i.e., repetitive thinking about death and/or suicide on suicide attempt history. On this background, the present study investigated, whether suicide-specific rumination differentiates between suicide attempters and suicide ideators, is predictive of suicide attempt history and mediates the association between suicide ideation and suicide attempts. Method A total of 257 participants with a history of suicide ideation (55.6% female; Age M = 30.56, Age SD = 11.23, range: 18–73 years) completed online measures on suicidality, general and suicide-specific rumination. Results Suicide-specific rumination differentiated suicide attempters from suicide ideators, predicted suicide attempt status (above age, gender, suicide ideation, general rumination) and fully mediated the association between suicide ideation and lifetime suicide attempts. Conclusion Overall, though limited by the use of a non-clinical sample and a cross-sectional study design, the present results suggest that suicide-specific rumination might be a factor of central relevance in understanding transitions to suicidal behavior.