Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Demography and spatial requirements of the endangered northern quoll on Groote Eylandt

Abstract Context. Australia has experienced the highest number of mammal extinctions of any continent over the past two centuries. Understanding the demography and spatial requirements of populations before declines occur is fundamental to confirm species trajectory, elucidate causes of decline and develop effective management strategies. Aims. We evaluated the demography and spatial requirements of a northern quoll, Dasyurus hallucatus, population on Groote Eylandt, Northern Territory. Groote Eylandt is considered a refuge for the species because key threatening processes are absent or limited; cane toads and introduced ungulates are absent, feral cats are infrequently detected and the fire regime is benign compared with mainland Northern Territory. Methods. We conducted a 4-year capture–mark–recapture study to monitor growth, reproduction and survival of northern quolls within a 128-ha area, and we evaluated spatial requirements by attaching GPS units to both sexes. To assess the status of the Groote Eylandt population, we compared the demographics with existing data from mainland populations. Key results. The average density of northern quolls was 0.33 ha−1. However, there was a 58% decline in female density, primarily between 2012 and 2013, corresponding with a decrease in female body mass. Females survived and bred in up to 3 years and adult survival rates did not vary among years, suggesting that juvenile recruitment drives population fluctuations. Male quolls were semelparous, with die-off occurring in the months following breeding. The median female and male home ranges were 15.7 ha and 128.6 ha respectively, and male ranges increased significantly during breeding, with 1616 ha being the largest recorded. Conclusions. The northern quoll population on Groote Eylandt had a higher density, female survival and reproductive success than has been previously recorded on the mainland. However, a marked decline was recorded corresponding with a decrease in female mass, indicating below-average rainfall as the likely cause. Implications. Groote Eylandt remains a refuge for the endangered northern quoll. However, even in the absence of key threatening processes, the population has declined markedly, highlighting the impact of environmental fluctuations. Maintaining the ecological integrity of Groote Eylandt is imperative for population recovery, and managing threats on the mainland over appropriate spatial scales is necessary to increase population resilience.
In vitro propagation of some Syrian varieties of olive ( Olea europaea L.)

Five local olive varieties ( Olea europaea L.), Dan, Sorani, Tadmury, Tiffahi and Zeiti, were collected from the field. Internode explants of each were micropropagated on modified MS and Rugini medium (olive medium). The shoot growth and dry weight of the Dan, Sorani and Zeiti varieties increased significantly on modified MS. Similar results were observed for Tiffahi in Rugini medium. Modified MS and Rugini media had similar effects on the growth and dry weight of Tadmury.Two concentrations (3 and 5 mg l −1 ) of three auxins (IAA, IBA and NAA) were used for the in vitro rooting stage. A higher percentage of in vitro rooting was observed on medium containing 5 mg l −1 IBA.
Changes in the Concentration of Soluble Anions in Compost During Composting and Mushroom ( Agaricus bisporus) Growth

The changes in the concentration of nitrate, phosphate, chloride, sulphate, formate, acetate and oxalate anions extracted with water from conventional compost during composting and mushroom growth, and mushroom fruit bodies during cropping, were measured using an ion exchange chromatograph and a pulsed electrochemical detector. The addition of gypsum at Phase I in conventional composting dramatically increased the content of sulphate but lowered the content of oxalate (dry matter basis). Chloride in compost increased gradually during composting and mushroom growth probably due to its introduction in water used to irrigate the crop. Phosphate increased during the early stages of composting but decreased in spawning and fruit body formation. In fruit bodies, the relative content of boiling water extract decreased in successive flushes. Individual anions, acetate and oxalate increased steadily, phosphate and chloride decreased gradually and sulphate and nitrate first decreased steeply and then more slowly. Formate did not change. Phosphate, acetate, chloride and oxalate were higher in small buttons than in large buttons, but there were no differences for sulphate, nitrate or formate.
Capparisinine, a New Alkaloid from Capparis decidua

From the root bark of Capparis decidua (Capparidaceae), a new spermidine alkaloid, capparisinine was isolated. The structure 1 of the alkaloid was determined by means of spectral studies and correlation with other known alkaloids of similar structures. Capparisinine is a positional isomer of capparidisine which is known already as a constituent of this plant.
Assessment of Shallow Water Random Wave-Induced Scour at the Trunk Section of Breakwaters using Deep Water Wind and Wave Conditions

ABSTRACT Myrhaug, D. and Ong, M.C. , 2020. Assessment of shallow water random wave-induced scour at the trunk section of breakwaters using deep water wind and wave conditions. In: Malvárez, G. and Navas, F. (eds.), Global Coastal Issues of 2020. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 95, pp. 289–293. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208 This article provides a simple analytical method giving estimates of random wave-induced scour at the trunk section of vertical-wall and rubble-mound breakwaters in shallow water from deep water wind and wave conditions. Results are exemplified by using a Pierson-Moskowitz model wave spectrum for deep water wind waves with the mean wind speed at the 10 m elevation above the sea surface as the parameter. The significant value of the scour depth within a sea state of random waves is provided and an example typical for field conditions is given. The method should serve as a useful tool for assessing shallow water random wave-induced scour based on input from deep water wind and wave conditions.
25 Years of Beach Carrying Capacity in Portugal: A Place for Everything and Everything in Its Place?

ABSTRACT Pereira da Silva, C. ; Fonseca, C. , and Nogueira Mendes, R. , 2020. 25 years of beach carrying capacity in Portugal: A place for everything and everything in its place? In: Malvárez, G. and Navas, F. (eds.), Global Coastal Issues of 2020. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 95, pp. 920–924. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In Portugal, the concept of beach carrying capacity was introduced in 1993, with the Shoreline Management Plans. From the Portuguese experience of the last 25 years, a review of the concept is discussed; it's evolution and implementation, the challenges drawn from the practice, highlighting recommendations for future use. Despite some methodological weaknesses, the application of the carrying capacity concept contributed significantly to the better quality that most of the Portuguese beaches have nowadays, particularly to the improvement of a range of aspects like safety, infrastructures, accessibility, parking facilities. However, there are still a few issues that can be developed to make this concept more effective, like replacing the idea of a precise number by a threshold that should be used in a flexible way, adapted to any specific site conditions.
VARIATION IN HYDROGEN STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS BETWEEN ADULT AND NESTLING COOPER'S HAWKS

Abstract Hydrogen stable-isotope analysis of feathers is an increasingly popular method for estimating the origins of migrating and wintering birds. Use of this method requires that investigators know which feathers are grown on breeding grounds and how the hydrogen stable-isotope ratios of feathers (δDf) relate to those of local precipitation (δDp). In this study, we measured δDf of adult (primaries 1, 3, and 10) and nestling Cooper's Hawks (Accipiter cooperii) in Wisconsin, North Dakota, and British Columbia, Canada. As previously shown, δDf of nestling feathers were related to δDp. In contrast, the δDf of adult feathers grown on the breeding grounds were substantially greater than those of their nestlings, and varied significantly across primary feathers and study areas. Our findings suggest that it is not possible to use hydrogen stable-isotope analysis of feathers to learn the origins of migrating adult Cooper's Hawks (or possibly adults of other large-bodied species with extended molting periods) until more is learned about the physiological or ecological mechanisms underlying these isotopic discrepancies. Variación en las Proporciones de Isótopos Estables de Hidrógeno entre Adultos y Polluelos de Accipiter cooperii Resumen. El análisis de isótopos estables de hidrógeno en las plumas es un método cada vez más popular para determinar el origen de aves migratorias e invernantes. El uso de esta técnica requiere que el investigador conozca qué plumas crecen en los lugares de nidificación y cómo las proporciones de isótopos estables de hidrógeno de las plumas (δDf) se relacionan con aquellas de la precipitación local (δDp). En este estudio, medimos las δDf en adultos (primarias 1, 3 y 10) y en polluelos de Accipiter cooperii en Wisconsin, North Dakota y British Columbia, Canadá. Como se ha mostrado previamente, las δDf de plumas de polluelos se encontraban relacionadas con las δDp. Por el contrario, las δDf de plumas de adultos que crecieron en los lugares de nidificación fueron substancialmente mayores que aquellas de sus polluelos, y variaron significativamente entre plumas primarias y áreas de estudio. Nuestros resultados sugieren que no es posible utilizar el análisis de isótopos estables de hidrógeno de plumas para determinar el origen de adultos migratorios de A. cooperii (o de adultos de otras especies de aves con tamaños corporales grandes y con períodos de muda extendidos) hasta que los mecanismos ecológicos y fisiológicos que subyacen a estas discrepancias isotópicas sean mejor entendidos.
Mitochondrial DNA differences distinguishing Meloidogyne mayaguensis from the major species of tropical root-knot nematodes.

- The mitochondrial DNA region between the COII and lRNA genes and the 63 base pair tandem repeat region have been used to differentiate and characterise Meloidogyne spp. In this study these regions have been amplified from M. mayaguensis, M. javanica, M. arenaria, M. incognita and M. hapla. Meloidogyne mayaguensis produces a unique product of 705 bp from the COII and lRNA region. Also, a product of 322 bp was produced from the 63 bp repeat region of M. mayaguensis unlike M. javanica, M. arenaria, and M. incognita that exhibit hypervariability in this region. Meloidogyne mayaguensis is a widely distributed root-knot nematode with the potential to cause great economic damage. These molecular diagnostics can be used for accurate identification of M. mayaguensis and can be used to monitor the occurrence and spread of this species, and to provide quarantine services tools to limit its dispersal.
RA-GCN: Relational Aggregation Graph Convolutional Network for Knowledge Graph Completion

Knowledge graphs display various entities and their relationships in the real world based on knowledge representation and can analyze and predict the intrinsic relationship between knowledge embeddings through data mining and information processing, which are widely used in search engines, web analytics and smart recommendation areas. As existing knowledge graph information is continuously created and grown, it is a curial task to determine whether the information in knowledge graph is correct and to complete the missing information. In response to this challenge, the researchers proposed a number of graph convolutional network (GCN)-based models to characterize knowledge graphs. The state-of-the-art model is R-GCN, which can effectively extract features. This paper deeply studies the algorithm ideas and results of the R-GCN model, explores whether the model can be further optimized in entity classification and link prediction, and finally, improves the original model and proposes a relational aggregation graph convolutional network. Specifically, this paper finds that a subset of the set of entities may be directly connected to a central entity. All the entities in this subset possess partially identical attributes. At the same time, the relationships between these entities and the central entity may be similar. These similar attributes and relationships can be abstractly aggregated into virtual entities and virtual relationships, respectively, to better extract the topological relationship features. This paper uses the FB15k dataset to evaluate the performance of the proposed model on knowledge graph completion tasks. The experimental results show that the proposed RA-GCN model achieves a certain level improvement compared with the original model and that it can extract knowledge graph topological relationship characteristics more effectively.
Demographic estimates from radio‐tagging: models of age‐specific survival and breeding in the goshawk

1. Age-specific survival and breeding (ASSAB) models were developed with data from 318 goshawks (Accipiter gentilis L.) fitted during 1980-7 on the Baltic island of Gotland with tail-mounted radio-tags. 2. Comparisons with recaptures and recoveries of 238
Benthic origins of zooplankton: An environmentally determined macroevolutionary effect

Zooplankton show a unique pattern of evolution with successive waves of invasion into the water column from the benthos. We have found that 18 of 21 planktonic groups whose ancestry can be traced originated in the benthos. New recruits have survived and radiated if preadapted to remain in the plankton, but no major clades have evolved there (with the possible exception of some protists). The innovative steps into the planktic realm do not coincide with major global events such as mass extinctions. Recruitment into the plankton can occur either at the larval stage or in adulthood. No groups have returned to a benthic mode of life from a planktic one, except possibly some of the cnidarians. This unusual pattern of evolution, a one-way track into a particular environment, demonstrates the profound effect of the ecosystem on large-scale patterns and processes of evolution.
Differential susceptibility of tree species to oviposition by periodical cicadas

Abstract 1. Periodical cicadas occur widely in deciduous forests of eastern North America and represent the largest insect emergences in the world. Their effects on forest community dynamics, via oviposition damage and root feeding, are potentially great but not well understood. If tree species vary in their susceptibility to cicada oviposition and root colonization, then periodical cicadas may affect ecological interactions among tree species and forest composition.
Influence of the amino acid balance on the improvement of an artificial diet for a biotype of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae)

A green biotype of the pea aphid, A. pisum, from Lusignan (France), showed very poor performance on the standard Akey and Beck diet. Significant improvement occurred after reduction of the osmotic pressure of the diet and modification of the amino acid component, according to the results of carcass analysis. A further improvement was obtained through an optimalization of the aromatic amino acid level: the tyrosine deficiency induced by its poor solubility was overcome by an excess of phenylalanine and the inclusion of a soluble tyrosine compound, β-alanyltyrosine. A new diet was therefore formulated for this biotype, on which adults were more than twice as heavy as on the standard diet.
Estimating Typhoon Waves based on the Modified ECMWF ERA-5 Wind Data

ABSTRACT Li, J.; Pan, Y. ; Chen, Y. , and Pan, S. , 2020. Estimating typhoon waves based on the modified ECMWF ERA-5 wind data. In: Malvárez, G. and Navas, F. (eds.), Global Coastal Issues of 2020. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 95, pp. 1177-1182. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. ERA-5 is a recently released reanalysis meteorological dataset provided by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). This study evaluates the representation of tropical cyclones (TC) in ERA-5 and the widely used ECMWF ERA-Interim (ERA-I) reanalysis data in the northwest Pacific region during year 2013 to 2015. Although ERA-5 wind data has a great improvement of precision during TC period than ERA-I data, it is still not accurate enough for the description of TCs especially when it is applied to estimate typhoon waves. To effectively correct this data, an empirical correlation is established between the maximum wind speed of TCs in ERA-5 and Best-track data. Then the ERA-5 data can be improved using a directly modified method without the requirement of observation TC track data. The modified ERA-5 wind data, the original ERA-5 data and the ERA-I data are applied to drive the FVCOM-SWAVE wave model to estimate the typhoon waves. The typhoon waves driven by the modified ERA-5 data show a better performance than that driven by other two wind datasets. The method introduced in this study for modification of ERA-5 wind data provides an alternative for the correction of this data during TC period when the observation TC track is unavailable.
Sediment Mobility at Fangar Bay Entrance (NW Spanish Mediterranean): Management Implications Under Present and Future Climates

ABSTRACT Mösso, C. ; Gracia, V. ; Mestres, M. ; Sierra, J.P., and Sánchez-Arcilla, A. , 2020. Sediment mobility at Fangar Bay entrance (NW Spanish Mediterranean): Management implications under present and future climates. In: Malvárez, G. and Navas, F. (eds.), Global Coastal Issues of 2020. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 95, pp. 894-899. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Managing coastal lagoons, under present and particularly future climate scenarios, requires a robust and yet effective hydro-morphodynamic coupling. This is because the limited water depth and mouth width effectively restrict water renovation and control water quality. This has been applied to a Mediterranean coastal bay where warming and anoxia events are becoming more severe associated to the global temperature increases. The proposed coupling in terms of a sediment motion initiation criteria can be used for coupling hydrodynamic and morphodynamic models and can also be applied as a proxy for a sustainable management of these and another similar coastal case. The paper explores such an approach for the Fangar bay, in the Ebro delta (Spanish Mediterranean coast). However, the technique and conclusions can be applied to any micro-tidal semi-enclosed domain exposed to increasing warming and constrained by morphodynamic evolution.
Behaviour and Vocalizations of Two Single Sperm Whales, Physeter macrocephalus, Off Nova Scotia

During June 1986, two male sperm whales, Physeter macrocephalus, on the Scotian Shelf were tracked by listening for their clicks with a directional hydrophone for periods of 12.5 and 7 h, respectively. Each whale travelled along the edge of the shelf at about 2 kn (3.6 km/h), and one whale, on two occasions at least, dived to the ocean floor. After about 30 min underwater, the whales spent approximately 9 min at the surface breathing. When the whales were visible at the surface, they were silent, except on one occasion when "slow clicking" (mean interclick interval of 4.6 s) was heard from Whale 2. While underwater, most of the sound production consisted of "usual clicks" (mean interclick interval 0.96 and 0.69 s for the two whales) interrupted by frequent short silences (mean durations 21.06 and 27.82 s) and occasional "creaks" (with interclick intervals less than 0.2 s) and "slow clicks. " No "codas" (stereotyped patterns of clicks) were heard from these two single whales. These results are consistent wi.
Continuous Measurement and Automatic Processing of In-situ Wave Impact Pressure Data

ABSTRACT d'Amico, D. ; Larroque, B. ; Luthon, F. ; Poncet, P.A. , and Abadie, S. , 2020. Continuous measurement and automatic processing of in-situ wave impact pressure data. In: Malvárez, G. and Navas, F. (eds.), Global Coastal Issues of 2020. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 95, pp. 214-219. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Although wave impact has been extensively studied in laboratories, field studies are comparatively rare. However, as real wave impacts are influenced by numerous environmental factors, complementing physical studies with in-situ data is necessary to better understand the processes at stake and provide reliable tools for coastal engineers. One of the main reasons for the lack of field data is the extreme conditions usually met on site. Nowadays, technology allows to set up stations able to resist those conditions and record data over long periods. In this context, the so-called Artha breakwater, in the French Basque coast, was equipped with an in-situ laboratory to record wave impact pressures. This station enables to collect long term wave impact pressure data therefore covering any weather conditions. In the present paper, the use of computer engineering based methods to process the large amount of wave impact data is described. It involves signal pre-processing, impact automatic segmentation, automatic computation of impact parameters, and artificial intelligence to classify the impacts. Impact automatic segmentation allows to have a big database of impacts available. This database has been used to make a first classification of the strongest impacts. The classification was performed thanks to the parameters automatically computed for each impact. As preliminary results for the classification, several wave impact pressure classes have been established. The approach is encouraging since the obtained results can be compared with the existing laboratory classification. However, the results can still be improved by computing other impact parameters and considering all impacts.