Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An assessment of proposed DNA barcodes in freshwater green algae

T he development of DNA barcodes for green algae would aid in their accurate and rapid identification. This is particularly important for the green algae because in many species structural characters are few or difficult to observe. In this study we test the utility of several DNA barcode loci in seven distantly related species groups of freshwater charo- phytes and chlorophytes. The ITS rDNA and COI markers were the most variable, although COI was least applicable because it was successfully amplified and sequenced in only one test genus. The ITS1 and ITS2 rDNA regions each successfully amplified in only as ubset of the charophytes. Both rbcL and tufA were moderately variable, although tufA may pose challenges in some lineages where the gene is encoded in the nucleus. The 18S rDNA and UPA were the least variable loci tested. Of the markers tested, rbcL ,I TS2 and tufA (in chlo- rophytes) are the most promising for use as DNA barcodes. However, none of the loci tested were ideal for use across all tested lineages of green algae because of taxon-specific applicability, because none of the markers could distinguish closely related species in all groups tested, and because of overlap in the level of intraspecific and interspecific variation. DNA barcode /g reen algae /C harophyceae /C hlorophyceae /Z ygnematophyceae / 18S rDNA /C OI /I TS rDNA /r bcL /t ufA /U PA
Characterization of genetic relationships of Rosa roxburghii Tratt and its relatives using morphological traits, RAPD and AFLP markers

Summary Cili (Rosa roxburghii Tratt) is of great interest due to its high content of vitamin C, very high superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, attractive senescence-retarding and cancer-preventing effects, together with immunity to rose blackspot disease. Thirty-six morphological traits, 251 RAPD markers amplified with 29 arbitrary primers, and 1685 AFLP markers generated from 54 primer combinations were employed to discriminate between 15 accessions, and to evaluate the relatedness of cili with a sample set of its relatives. The genotypes could be efficiently identified by genotype-specific RAPD or AFLP markers, yielded from the four most polymorphic primers: OPAN-07, OPB-11, OPAF-16 and OPW-02, or the six most polymorphic primer combinations: EA01/MC04, EA01/MC05, EA01/MC06, E02/MC01, EA05/MC04 and EA06/MC03, respectively. Compared with the relatives, very close relationships were found among the genotypes of cili. Furthermore, a high relatedness was strikingly obtained between R. sterilis S. D. Shi and R. hiveichowensis Yu and Ku with the three kinds of data. Using the Mantel correspondence test, significant correlations between the three kinds of data were observed, among which matrices of RAPD and AFLP were the most highly correlated: r= 0.7154 (P<0.01 ) . Based on the assessments of the three kinds of data, multi-corolla cili and white-flower cili are certainly variants from R. roxburghii Tratt, while seedless cili presumably originates from a completely male-sterile strain of R. kweichonensis.
ROOT CAUSES OF MEDICATION ERRORS IN THE PHARMACY UNIT OF A MENTAL HOSPITAL IN INDONESIA

Background: In the period 2016-2017, incidents of medication error happening at the dispensing stage was 66% of the overall patients’ safety incidents in the Pharmacy Unit of Hospital X. Evidently, medication errors can be prevented by taking appropriate actions. Objective: This study aims to minimize medication error at the dispensing stage by applying the Problem Solving Cycle as a research tool. Methods: The research design is based on action research because the researcher intervened with the stages of the Problem Solving Cycle of the Pharmacy Unit of Hospital X. This research uses the 5 Whys Method to examine the root cause of the problem. Each problem was explored objectively before an alternative solution can be determined. Identification of the medication error incidents at the dispensing stage was based on six indicators. Results: Patient safety is paramount in any hospital but the overall report of medication error incidents occurring at the Pharmacy Unit of Hospital X between June 2017-January 2018was 89 incidents. At the dispensing stage alone, there was a total of 22 incidents. A total of 73% of these incidents were reported according to the reporting time procedure, <48 hours while the highest number of medication errors involved the wrong medicine (40%), and labels on drug (27%). All were attributed to the LASA (Look Alike Sound Alike) medications. Conclusion: The root analysis of the medication error incidents at the dispensing stage used the 5 Whys method. Focus was given to policies, SOP (Standard Operating Procedures), monitoring and evaluation, supervision, service flow, communication between staff, and communication between staff and patients. A total of 16 root problems manifested.
Essential fatty acids in the diet of prawn. I. Effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on growth.

The requirements of linoleic and linolenic acids for the growth of the prawn, Penaeus japonicus, were studied by using a purified diet. In this feeding experiment conducted for 50 days, the growth of prawn on the diet containing oleic acid was extremely slow. Addition of linoleic and linolenic acids to the diet remarkably improved weight gain. The recovery tests initiated after 30-days of feeding linolenic acids were concluded to be essential for the growth of prawn. Also, the nutritive value of linolenic acid for prawn was found to be higher than that of linoleic acid.
Effect of levels of sun-dried cassava foliage on gr owth performance of cattle fed rice straw

An on-farm trial experiment was carried out in Trea ng district, Takeo province from June to September 2006. Twenty female cattle were allocated to five l evels of sun-dried cassava foliage (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0 .75 and 1 % of body weight in DM basis) to evaluate the growth response when fed a basal diet of untreated ric e straw plus a rumen supplement. The heifers were tet hered alongside the feed trough in each household, where they had free access to the experimental diet and water. The heifers were provided rumen supplement (mainly urea, sulphur and other minerals) at 0.25% body weight and ad libitum rice straw. The design was a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications of each treatment. The intake of the leaf component of the cassava was 90% of the offer but only 45% of the offer level o f petiole was consumed. The total intake of DM and cr ude protein intake increased according to the intak e of cassava foliage. Daily weight gain increased from 2 01 to 402 g/day and feed conversion was better with increasing levels of protein from sun-dried cassava foliage in the diet. The responses were linear ove r the range of cassava crude protein intakes from 0 to 1. 6 g/kg live weight. It is concluded that supplementation with sun dried cassava foliage stimulated the growth performance of cattle and that the response was linear over the ra nge from 0 to 1.6g cassava crude protein/kg live we ight.
EFFECT OF CYCLONE INLET VELOCITY AND VORTEX FINDER HEIGHT ON COARSE WHEAT BRAN DUST SEPARATION

Experimental study was performed for evaluating a vast number of equations derived from reviews to determine the performance of cyclone for overall collection efficiency, cut size diameter and pressure drop of cyclone. These equations were used based on the geometrical design of cyclones for operation at the ambient temperatures under different vortex finder heights (0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 m) and inlet velocities (9.3, 11.5, 18.5, 25.4 and 28.3 m/s). The cut size diameter of coarse wheat bran as inlet dust was estimated using direct empirical method and by Stock's number based on Euler's number. Both methods were also used to predict the overall collection efficiency. Experimental data were compared with the predictions of Lapple's theory and Iozia & Leith's logistic method. The results showed that only the pressures drop based on Cocker model in the range of 9.3 to 18.5 m/s inlet velocity proved accurate predictions. The operation at inlet velocity of 18.5 m/s was the best operational condition due to high collection efficiency of 96.4, 98.9, 98.5, 98.3 and 98.7%; and low pressure drop of 1173, 1324, 1249, 1137 and 1419 Pa at vortex finder height of 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 m respectively, across the cyclone.
Within and between tree variability in fruit characteristics associated with bitter pit incidence of 'Braeburn' apple

SummaryThe variability of fruit populations from six ‘Braeburn’ apple trees was studied. Fruit size, calcium concentration and seed number were investigated at a tree level, and within trees in terms of position in the canopy and according to fruiting wood type. When tree mean values were compared, fruit size (weight) and fruit calcium concentration exhibited a typical inverse relationship. However, within trees, these two attributes were positively related with a high degree of variability at an individual fruit level. Increases in the number of full seeds were associated with increases in fruit size and calcium concentration of individual fruit. An increase in the number of flat seeds was associated with decreases in fruit weight and calcium. This association was not only a result of the relationship between full and flat seeds, as flat seeds themselves were associated with negative effects on fruit quality, irrespective of full seed number.
Investigation of the relationship between attention skills and science process skills in children regarding external elements1

In this research, it is aimed to examine the relationship between the attention skills of children regarding auditory and visual elements and their science process skills. In addition, these skills were examined in terms of gender and socio-economic level variables. The research is designed in survey model and the study group is consisted of randomly selected 156 children aged 60-72 months attending preschool education institutions in the 2018-2019 academic year in Istanbul. Four data collection tools as Demographic Information Form, Preschool Science Process Skills Scale for 60-72 Months Old Children, Listening Test and Concentration Test for 5-Year-Old Children were used in the research. As the result of the research, it is found a positive significant relationship between the visual and auditory attention skills of the preschool children and science process skills. It was found that the science process skills and auditory attention skills of preschool children did not differ significantly with gender. However, visual attention skills differed with gender of the children and this difference was in favor of the girls. Additionally, attention skills and scientific process skills differed with socio-economic level of the children and this difference was in favor of the upper socio-economic level.
APPLYING THE THEORY OF STIFIn PERSONALITY: INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF HR MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON JOB PERFORMANCE

This article examined the effect of STIFIn-based HR Management Practices on Job Performance. This research is a quantitative study with hypothesis testings using the PLS-SEM approach and analyzed using WarpPLS software. Hypothesis testings are carried out with two models; Model-1 investigates the relationship of the variables in STIFIn HR Management, namely selection and retention of performance. Model-2 investigates the relationship between the overall STIFIn HR management practices and overall job performance. This research was conducted at companies that have implemented STIFIn-based HR Management. The sample was determined by purposive sampling method. This study found a significant effect of STIFIn-based HR Management namely selection and retention practices on employee performance both in task performance and contextual performance. While the results of the model-2 analysis show that STIFIn's overall HR practice is also significant on performance with higher impact than if those HR STIFIn are implemented individually both of selection or retention. The results of this study will provide new insights into the previous research on the effect of HR management practices on performance, and specifically on HR management practices based on employee’s personality types.
Impact of Live Training on Medication Errors in a Community-Based Pharmacy Setting

Abstract Objective: To compare community-based pharmacy medication errors before and after a one-hour live interactive training session for both pharmacists and technicians. Methods: A one group pre-post intervention design study was conducted in 20 community-based pharmacies in a district of a large national community pharmacy chain. A one-hour live, interactive session was developed based on incident reports and medication error trends including medication error definition, ways in which medication errors occur, strategies for mitigating errors, information about human error, and methods and habits to improve patient safety. At least 50% of full-time staff for each of the 20 pharmacies were required to attend a training session between December 1, 2017-January 15, 2018. Participants completed a demographics survey documenting gender, age, credentials, number of years of experience, and years of service with the company. Pharmacies were categorized as low, medium or high volume based on prescription count. Medication errors were compared six months pre- and post-live education session. Data were analyzed using SAS version 9.4. Results: One hundred and thirty- five errors and 111 errors were reported pre-and post-live training (mean 6.85 and 5.55, p < 0.301), respectively. Nine pharmacies were low, eight medium, and three high volume with the mean number of medication errors reported pre- and post-live training; low 4.33 vs 4.11 p<0.478, medium 9.37 vs 6.87 p<0.443, and high 7.66 vs 6.33 p<0.593, respectively. Sixty pharmacy staff (34 pharmacists, 26 technicians) attended one of the live training sessions; 73% female; most frequently reported age range 35-50 years; 23 Doctor of Pharmacy, 11 Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy, and 26 Certified Technician; and average number of years’ experience was 13.6 and average service with the company was 8.6 years. Conclusions: A live training session for both pharmacists and technicians did not significantly decrease medication errors, but could be incorporated as an element of a medication safety program. It should be considered for implementation in other districts of this large national pharmacy chain as a part of an improved patient safety effort.
Exploring the effects of position-related information on the perception of scenario-based passing opportunities

When football players are preparing to pass the ball, they consider contextual information provided by the current game situation to identify passing opportunities and choose the one that appears most beneficial. In the search for contextual information indicating such opportunities, a recent study analyzing the relationships between the position-related characteristics of game situations and athletes’ passing behavior reports that athletes generally prioritize passing options based on their team members’ areal proximity, the openness of the passing lanes leading to team members, and how closely the team members are covered by the opponents. While the found relationships indicate the positional features’ relevance to the athletes’ passing behavior, the importance of single bits of positional information and their integration into subjectively perceived passing opportunities remain unknown. The aim of this study is to begin closing this gap and analyze how multiple athletes weigh and integrate position-related information within their subjective process of perceiving passing opportunities. The study uses a 3x3x3 within-subject design. Twenty-one football players provided information about the perceived quality of passing opportunities within standardized game scenarios. The data were analyzed using an information integration theoretical approach combined with mixed linear modeling. The results reveal substantial interpersonal differences regarding the importance players attribute to specific positional information and how they integrate the positional information. Two recurring patterns of information integration were found. In most of the cases, the results indicate additive information integration. However, in some cases, the results indicate that players deviate from additive information integration when a single piece of positional information seemingly dominates the athletes’ perceptions. In the future, IIT approaches can be adopted to research designs using virtual reality, including other sets and ranges of contextual information, as well as other sports and sports situations in which the integration of information into subjective perceptions is of interest.
Comparison of Depression and Resilience among the Caretakers of Patients with Schizophrenia and Depression

Background: Schizophrenia and depression are two different types of psychiatric illness with different kind of clinical features, requires different type of care from caretakers and produces different levels of stress among their caretakers. Quality of life is low whereas burden of care and financial difficulties are high among the caretakers of schizophrenia when compared to depressive illnesses Aims: To compare depression and resilience among the caretakers of patients with schizophrenia and depression. Materials & Methods: The present study was a comparative study which was conducted over a period of 2 months and involved caretakers of patients with schizophrenia and depression who were receiving services at outpatient department of Government Psychiatric Diseases Hospital, Jammu, J&K. The caretakers were assessed by using HAM-D Scale and 25 Item Resilience Scale. Results: Mean HAMD score of caretakers of patients with schizophrenia was 16.37 (±8.68) whereas the mean HAMD score of caretakers of patients with depression was 14.92 (±7.96). The difference between the mean HAMD of the two groups was statistically highly significant. Mean resilience score of caretakers of schizophrenia patients was 119.83 (±25.10) and that of caretakers of patients with depression was 118.08 (±24.73). The difference between the mean resilience score of the two groups was also statistically highly significant. Conclusion: From present study, it has been concluded that both depression and resilience are higher among caretakers of patients with schizophrenia as compared to caretakers of patients with depressive disorder. However very little research is available regarding this, hence more research is recommended.
Mountain cloud forest and grown-shade coffee plantations: A comparison of tree biodiversity in central Veracruz, Mexico

Aim of the study : The objective of this work is to compare tree diversity and richness among one grown-shade coffee plantation (CAE) and two sites of montane cloud forests, one preserved (MCF1) and other perturbed (MCF2). We also develop an analysis of the importance of coffee plantations as a refuge of tree species, holding a potential role for conservation. Area of study : Our study area is the coffee region of Coatepec-Xico, in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Material and methods : We compiled a list of all tree species in each site to determine tree diversity and floristic similarity (dissimilarity). We used different similarity indices and a cluster analysis to show relations among sites. Main results : 2721 individuals from 154 species were registered in the montane cloud forests as a whole. In the grown-shade coffee plantation we registered 2947 individuals from 64 species. The most similar sites were the perturbed montane cloud forest and the grown-shade coffee plantation and the least similar were the preserved montane cloud forest and the grown-shade coffee plantation. The high biodiversity found in all sites and the differences in tree composition between the two montane cloud forests supports evidence of the ecosystems richness in the region. Research highlight : Diversity differences among sites determine that the grown-shade coffee plantation is not substitute for montane cloud forest. CAE’s are developed under similar environmental conditions than the MCF; therefore, coexistence and recombination (replacement) of species make them particularly complementary. CAE’s in Veracruz have a potential role as refuge for biodiversity.
An MCE-based innovative approach to evaluating ecotourism suitability using GIS

Geographic Information System (GIS) can be used in ecotourism as a decision support tool for sustainable tourism planning, impact assessment, visitor flow management, and tourism site selection. Therefore, this system has the potential to be widely applied in tourism. The purpose of the study was to explore the potential for ecotourism development using GIS in Sepidan region, placed in the southwestern part of Iran. An innovative method was proposed for adjusting effective parameters in evaluation of ecotourism. The methods used for evaluation comprised Boolean, current multi-criteria evaluation methods (weighted linear combination), and the proposed methods of geometric mean and its calibration. Results showed that an improved method using geometric mean (kappa= 0.72) was better than Boolean (kappa= 0.56) and multi-criteria evaluation (kappa= 0.59) models. The calibrated geometric mean was also the best among the different models used. It should be noted that the geometric mean method was simpler than multi-criteria evaluation and did not require the weighting process.
Interactive comment on “Mars MOURA magnetometer demonstration for high resolution mapping on terrestrial analogues” by M. Diaz Michelena et al

Satellite-based magnetic measurements of Mars indicate complex and very strong magnetic anomalies, which led to an intensive and long-lasting discussion about their possible origin. To make some progress in the investigation of the origin of these anomalies MOURA vector magnetometer was developed for in situ measurements on Mars. In this work we propose the utilisation of such instrument for future planetary on ground surveys. The proof of its suitability is done by testing on various terrestrial analogues characterised by most distinct magnetic anomalies of their basement rocks: (1) A magnetite body of EL Laco (up to + 110,000 nT) and its transition to surrounding andesites (< + 2,000 nT) in the Northern Andes of Chile showing the highest local magnetic anomalies. The magnetite-bearing ore body has highly variable local anomalies due to their complex formation history where a significant dispersion in paleo-orientations has been previously reported, while our vector data show relatively uniform and probably induced declinations. (2) A basaltic spatter cone of the Pali Aike volcanic field, in Southern Chile, was characterised by very strong magnetic anomalies along the crater rim (up to + 12,000 nT), controlled by the amount of single domain magnetites in the ground mass of the basalts. Due to their strong remanent signature paleodeclinations of the lavas and reorientations of collapsed blocks could be constrained by the vector data. (3) The Monturaqui meteorite crater (350 m diameter), in Northern Chile, shows significant variations of its anomalies (from 2,000 to > + 6,000 nT) in restricted areas of several square metres along its crater rim related to unexposed iron-bearing fragments of the impactor while its granitic and ignimbritic target rocks exhibit only very weak anomalies. (4) An area with several amphibolitic dykes which cross-cut a Cretaceous granitoid in the southernmost Andes, where a decimetre-scale mapping was performed. In this case, pyrrhotite is the only magnetic