Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A uniqueness criterion for linear problems of wave–body interaction

The question of uniqueness for linearized problems describing interaction of submerged bodies with an ideal unbounded fluid is far from its final resolution. In this work a new criterion of uniqueness is suggested based on Green's integral identity and maximum principles for elliptic differential equations. The criterion is formulated as an inequality involving integrals of the Green function over the bodies' wetted surfaces. This criterion is quite general and applicable for any number of submerged bodies of arbitrary shape (provided the boundary is sufficiently regular) and in any dimension; it can also be generalized to more complicated elliptic problems. Very simple bounds are also derived from the criterion, which deliver uniqueness sets in the spate of parameters denned by submergence of the system of bodies and the frequency of oscillation. Results of numerical investigation and comparison with known uniqueness criteria are presented.
RADIAL EVOLUTION OF SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MAGNETIC FIELD FLUCTUATIONS AT PROTON SCALES

This paper addresses the investigation of the character and the radial evolution of magnetic fluctuations within the dissipation range, right after the high-frequency spectral break, employing observations by Messenger and Wind of the same fast wind stream during a radial alignment. The same event has already been considered in literature to show, for the first time, that the high-frequency break separating the fluid from the kinetic regime moves to lower frequency as the wind expands. The present work aims to analyze the nature of the high-frequency magnetic fluctuations beyond the spectral break and show that their character is compatible with left-hand, outward-propagating, ion cyclotron waves and right-hand kinetic Alfv e ´ ? > n waves. It is also shown that the low-frequency limit of these fluctuations follows the radial evolution of the spectral break, which also reflects in the behavior of their intermittency character. Finally, the total power and the compressive character of these two wave populations are analyzed and compared as a function of the heliocentric distance, leading us to conclude that the overall picture is in favor of a radial decrease.
Detection and Estimation of Tree Canopy using Deep Learning and Sensor Fusion

By utilizing cutting-edge information technologies, the unique idea of “precision agriculture” seeks to boost the production and efficacy of agriculture. Growers are better equipped to monitor every step of the production process and administer precise treatments chosen by machines with remarkable precision due to the most recent advancements in automation, artificial intelligence, and networking. Methods to reduce the number of human labour required in agriculture are still being developed by experts. Precision farming develops into a training system that gets smart every day as vital information resources get better. With regard to autonomous feature extraction, deep learning networks offer a considerable advantage over earlier algorithms because they don’t require human participation. Deep learning (AI) and LiDAR technology combined with smart agricultural equipment can optimise spraying procedures. This study used the ficus, guava, and palm as case studies to create and assess canopy detection and estimating system. To scan trees for its height, distance, categorization, and canopy identification, the prototype included a LiDAR, machine vision, sensor fusion, and AI. Results for the tree canopy estimate provided by the smart canopy detecting system showed a relatively low average error and predicted accuracy.
In Vitro–In Vivo Correlation of Posaconazole–Amphotericin B Combination against Candida albicans: In Vitro Interacting Concentrations Are Associated with In Vivo Free Drug Levels

The in vitro/in vivo correlation of antifungal combination testing is necessary in order to assess the efficacy of combination regimens. We, therefore, attempted to correlate in vitro chequerboard testing of posaconazole (POS) and amphotericin B (AMB) with the in vivo outcome of combination therapy against experimental candidiasis in a neutropenic murine model. The AMB + POS combination was tested against a Candida albicans isolate. In vitro, a broth microdilution 8 × 12 chequerboard method with serial two-fold drug dilutions was used. In vivo, CD1 female neutropenic mice with experimental disseminated candidiasis were treated with i.p. AMB and p.o. POS alone and in combination at three effective doses (ED20, ED50 and ED80 corresponding to 20%, 50% and 80% of maximal effect, respectively). CFU/kidneys after 2 days were determined. The pharmacodynamic interactions were assessed based on Bliss independence interaction analysis. In vitro, a Bliss antagonism of −23% (−23% to −22%) was observed at 0.03–0.125 mg/L of AMB with 0.004–0.015 mg/L of POS, while a Bliss synergy of 27% (14%–58%) was observed at 0.008–0.03 mg/L of AMB with 0.000015–0.001 mg/L of POS. In vivo, Bliss synergy (13 ± 4%) was found when an AMB ED20 of 1 mg/kg was combined with all POS ED 0.2–0.9 mg/kg, while Bliss antagonism (35–83%) was found for the combinations of AMB ED50 2 mg/kg and ED80 3.2 mg/kg with POS ED80 of 0.9 mg/kg. Free drug serum levels of POS and AMB in in vivo synergistic and antagonistic combinations were correlated with the in vitro synergistic and antagonistic concentrations, respectively. Both synergistic and antagonistic interactions were found for the AMB + POS combination. POS compromised the efficacy of high effective AMB doses and enhanced low ineffective AMB doses. In vitro concentration-dependent interactions were correlated with in vivo dose-dependent interactions of the AMB + POS combination. In vivo interactions occurred at free drug serum levels close to in vitro interacting concentrations.
Collaboration of Heterogeneous Edge Computing Paradigms: How to Fill the Gap Between Theory and Practice

Edge computing paradigms such as cloudlet, mobile edge computing (MEC) and fog computing, are promising to reduce network transmission delay while meeting intensive computing requirements at the network edge. As always assumed in theoretical studies, to expand service capability, it is desirable to integrate edge resources into a unified resource pool and make different edge facilities collaborate. However, this collaboration is difficult in practice since the heterogeneity among paradigms leads to resource isolation. This article focuses on clarifying and shielding heterogeneity among edge computing paradigms for collaboration. First, based on cloudlet, mobile edge computing and fog computing, three main edge computing paradigms, that is, small cloudy edge paradigm (SmaIIC), mobile integrated edge paradigm (Moblnt) and front ad hoc edge paradigm (FrontAH), are defined. So that the heterogeneity among them can be analyzed, according to which, collaboration challenges in computing resource trading, information communication and resource sharing are identified. Promising techniques such as blockchain-based smart contract, media-independent handover (MIH), and software-defined network and network function virtualization (SDN/NFV) are then introduced and integrated into a complete collaboration solution. Finally, taking the unmanned vehicular navigation as an example, the performance of collaboration is evaluated, considering additional costs introduced by collaborations, including trading, network hand-off and data transmission among edge facilities in different paradigms. Simulation results show that compared with existing schemes of the three paradigms, the collaboration can reduce the cost (i.e., weighted sum of energy consumption and delay) by at least 45.6 percent.
The Effects of Comprehensive Educator Evaluation and Pay Reform on Achievement

A fundamental question for education policy is whether outcomes-based accountability including comprehensive educator evaluations and a closer relationship between effectiveness and compensation improves the quality of instruction and raises achievement. We use synthetic control methods to study the comprehensive teacher and principal evaluation and compensation systems introduced in the Dallas Independent School District (Dallas ISD) in 2013 for principals and 2015 for teachers. Under this far-reaching reform, educator evaluations that are used to support teacher growth and determine salary depend on a combination of supervisor evaluations, student achievement, and student or family survey responses. The reform replaced salary scales based on experience and educational attainment with those based on evaluation scores, a radical departure from decades of rigid salary schedules. The synthetic control estimates reveal positive and significant effects of the reforms on math and reading achievement that increase over time. From 2015 through 2019, the average achievement for the synthetic control district fluctuates narrowly between -0.27 s.d. and -0.3 s.d. , while the Dallas ISD average increases steadily from -0.28 s.d. in 2015 to -0.08 s.d. in 2019, the final year of the sample. Though the increase for reading is roughly half as large, it is also highly significant.
Complexity analysis of spatial distribution of precipitation: an application to Bosnia and Herzegovina

We have used the Kolmogorov complexity (KC) and three suggested complexity measures to describe the complexity of spatial distribution of precipitation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, for the period 1960–1984. In particular, we have examined the monthly precipitation amount time series from 23 stations and then calculated the KC using the Lempel–Ziv Algorithm (LZA), Kolmogorov complexity spectrum (KCS), Kolmogorov complexity spectrum highest value (KCM) and overall Kolmogorov complexity (OKC) values for each time series. Our results indicate that the difference in complexity of spatial distribution of precipitation may be attributed to influence of Adriatic Sea, relief and Pannonian Basin.
Tsallis Non-Extensive Statistics. Theory and Applications

In this study the q-statistics of Tsallis theory is testified in various complex physical systems. Especially the Tsallis q-triplet is estimated for space plasmas atmospheric dynamics and seismogenesis as well as for the brain and cardiac activity. The coincidence of theoretical predictions following after Tsallis theory and experimental estimations were found to be excellent in all cases
The mediating role of carbon emissions in the relationship between the board attributes and ESG performance: European evidence

PurposeThis study seeks to investigate the impact of board attributes on environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance, along with exploring the mediating role of carbon emissions in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachTo address this objective, the panel data approach was used to analyze the data were collected from 1,621 European companies from 2017 to 2021.FindingsThis study shows that board gender diversity, audit committee independence, expertise and board meeting attendance help enhance ESG performance. On the contrary, board size and composition do not affect ESG performance. The findings also showed that board gender diversity, audit committee independence, expertise and board meeting attendance are negatively related to carbon emissions performance. However, board size is related positively to carbon emissions performance. This indicates that the larger boards of directors may have diverse experiences that enhance the environmental performance of companies. Furthermore, the finding showed companies that contribute to lowering carbon emissions are more willing to improve their ESG performance. Also, carbon emissions mediate the relationship between the board's attributes and ESG performance.Originality/valueThe study's results have significant implications for firm managers in enhancing the efficiency of board decisions in determining environmental practices that matter to various groups of stakeholders. In addition, this study provides valuable input to regulators and policymakers regarding strengthening the regulations and controlling tools that enhance environmental performance.
Fatou type theorems for series in Mittag-Leffler functions

In studying the behaviour of series, defined by means of the Mittag-Leffler functions, on the boundary of its domain of convergence in the complex plane, we give analogues of the classical theorems for the power series like Cauchy-Hadamard, Abel, as well as Fatou theorems. The asymptotic formulae for the Mittag-Leffler functions in the cases of "large" values of indices that are used in the proofs of the convergence theorems for the considered series are also provided.
Properties of Pulsed-Laser-Deposited CuI and Characteristics of Constructed Dye-Sensitized TiO2|Dye|CuI Solid-State Photovoltaic Solar Cells

Transparent semiconducting copper iodide (CuI) films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition and their characteristics were investigated. In this paper, the structural and optoelectrical properties of CuI thin films and the construction of dye-sensitized TiO2|Dye|CuI solid-state photovoltaic solar cells are reported. The optical absorption of these films shows a remarkable blue shift compared to that of polycrystalline CuI, which can be explained by the formation of ultrafine CuI grains. The CuI films exhibited an optical transmittance of over 80% in wavelengths ranging from 400 to 900 nm and a minimum resistivity of approximately 2 KΩ·cm. The properties of pulsed-laser-deposited CuI in the power output of n-TiO2|Dye|p-CuI cells is studied. An efficient charge generation is observed through the illumination of the TiO2 layer of the fabricated n-TiO2|Dye|p-CuI cells. The cell performance has been characterized base on the current–voltage (I–V) working curve determined under AM 1.5 illumination conditions (100 mW/cm2, 25°C). The maximum short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of approximately 12.2 mA/cm2 and open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of approximately 480 mV were obtained for the TiO2|Dye|CuI solid-state photovoltaic solar cells with good reproducibility. The fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (η) were about 47.8% and 2.8%, respectively.
Repurposing Pitavastatin and L-Glutamine: Replenishing β-Cells in Hyperlipidemic Type 2 Diabetes Mouse Model

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with obesity and declining β-cells. L-glutamine has been implicated in the amelioration of T2D by virtue of its incretin secretagogue property while, there are mixed reports on pitavastatin’s adiponectin potentiating ability. We aimed to investigate the effect of pitavastatin (P), L-glutamine (LG), and combination (P + LG) on glycemic control and β-cell regeneration in a high-fat diet (HFD) + streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2D mouse model. C57BL6/J mice treated with HFD + STZ were divided into four groups: diabetes control (HFD + STZ), P, LG, and P + LG, while the control group (NCD) was fed with the normal-chow diet. Significant amelioration was observed in the combination therapy as compared to monotherapies in respect of (i) insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, lipid profile, adiponectin levels, and mitochondrial complexes I, II, and III activities, (ii) reduced phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glucose 6-phophatase, glycogen phosphorylase, and GLUT2 transcript levels with increased glycogen content in the liver, (iii) restoration of insulin receptor 1β, pAkt/Akt, and AdipoR1 protein levels in skeletal muscle, and (iv) significant increase in islet number due to β-cell regeneration and reduced β-cell death. L-glutamine and pitavastatin in combination can ameliorate T2D by inducing β-cell regeneration and regulating glucose homeostasis.
The submillimetre and near-infrared properties of Herschel -ATLAS sources.

In this thesis I investigate a sample of galaxies that are detected with the Herschel Space Telescope in the sub-millimetre wavelength range and that also have near-infrared detections with the VISTA telescope in Chile as part of the VIKING survey. The first necessity is to find the near-infrared galaxies that are most likely to be the counterparts to the Herschel galaxies. I accomplish this by using a likelihood ratio method which I modify to allow for an appropriate estimate of the probability of finding a genuine near-infrared counterpart above the magnitude limit to a SPIRE source. This probability is found to be Q0 ≈ 0.73. 51% of the SPIRE sources have a best VIKING counterpart with a reliability R = 0.8, and the false identification rate of these is estimated to be 4.2%. I expect to miss ∼5 per cent of true VIKING counterparts. There is evidence from Z J and J Ks colours that the reliable counterparts to SPIRE galaxies are marginally redder than the field population. I obtain photometric redshifts for ∼ 68% of all (non-stellar) VIKING candidates with a median redshift of z̃ = 0.405. I have spectroscopic redshifts for 3147 (∼ 28%) of the reliable counterparts from existing redshift surveys. Comparing to the results of the optical identifications supplied with the Phase I catalogue, I find that the use of medium-deep near-infrared data improves the identification rate of reliable counterparts from 36% to 51%. I investigate the evolution of the sub-millimetre luminosity function (LF) using the sample of SPIRE sources with reliable counterparts in VIKING with z ≤ 1. I find strong evolution of the 250μm LF out to about redshift z = 0.6 and possibly out to z = 0.8 in broad agreement with previous studies. A double-power law seems to fit the local LF (z ≤ 0.2) slightly better than a Schechter function and we find a flatter slope at lower luminosities as compared to recent studies.
Detection of Metabolic Syndrome Using Insulin Resistance Indexes: A Cross-Sectional Observational Cohort Study

Insulin resistance (IR) is considered cardinal to the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Previously, several simple indexes of IR calculated from biochemical and anthropometric variables have been proposed. However, these indexes are population-dependent; therefore, further studies on a global scale are necessary. The present study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of eight IR indicators, namely, METS-IR, TG-HDL-c, TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-NC, TyG-NHtR, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR, in indicating MetS among a Brazilian population. For this, 268 patients (152 men and 116 women, 53–59 years of age) were included in the study, out of which 111 were diagnosed with MetS according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). All indexes achieved significant accuracy, with TyG-WC (0.849 (0.800–0.889)), TyG (0.837 (0.787–0.879)), and TG-HDL-c (0.817 (0.765–0.861)) having the highest area under the curve (AUC). Further, the most heightened diagnostic sensitivities were observed for TG-HDL-c (90.99%), TyG-WC (89.19%), and TyG-NC (84.68%), whereas the highest diagnostic specificities were noted for TyG (73.89%), TyG-WHtR (72.61%), and TyG-WC (66.88%). Thus, TyG-WC, TyG, and TG-HDL-c reached the greatest AUC values in our analyses, making them useful diagnostic indicators of MetS, and crucial for patients’ clinical management.
Multivariate measurement error models for replicated data under heavy‐tailed distributions

In this paper, we deal with multivariate measurement error models for replicated data under heavy‐tailed distributions, providing appealing robust and adaptable alternatives to the usual Gaussian assumptions. The models contain both error‐prone covariates and predictors measured without errors. The surrogates of the response and the multiple error‐prone covariates are replicated and are allowed unpaired and/or unequal cases. Under the scale mixtures of normal distribution class, we provide an explicit iterative formula of the maximum likelihood estimation via an expectation‐maximization‐type algorithm. Closed forms of asymptotic variances of the estimators are also given. The effect and robustness performances are confirmed by the simulation studies. Two real data sets are analyzed by the proposed models. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Canonical divisors on T-varieties

Generalising toric geometry we study compact varieties admitting lower dimensional torus actions. In particular we describe divisors on them in terms of convex geometry and give a criterion for their ampleness. These results may be used to study Fano varieties with small torus actions. As a first result we classify log del Pezzo C*-surfaces of Picard number 1 and Gorenstein index less than 4. In further examples we show how classification might work in higher dimensions and we give explicit descriptions of some equivariant smoothings of Fano threefolds.
Marine atmospheric effects on electro-optical systems performance

For the past twelve years, a coordinated tri-service effort has been underway in the United States Department of Defense to provide an atmospheric effects assessment capability for existing and planned electro-optical (E0) systems. This paper reviews the exploratory development effort in the US Navy. A key responsibility for the Navy was the development of marine aerosol models. An initial model, the Navy Aerosol Model (NAN), was developed, tested, and transitioned into LOWTRAN 6. A more comprehensive model, the Navy Oceanic Vertical Aerosol Model (NOVAM), has been formulated and is presently undergoing comprehensive evaluation and testing. Marine aerosols and their extinction properties are only one important factor in EO systems performance assessment. For many EO systems applications, an accurate knowledge of marine background radiances is required in addition to considering the effects of the intervening atmosphere. Accordingly, a capability was developed to estimate the apparent sea surface radiance for different sea states and meteorological conditions. Also, an empirical relationship was developed which directly relates apparent mean sea temperature to calculated mean sky temperature. In situ measurements of relevant environmental parameters are essential for real-time EO systems performance assessment. Direct measurement of slant path extinction would be most desirable. This motivated a careful investigation of lidar (light detection and ranging) techniques including improvements to single-ended lidar profile inversion algorithms and development of new lidar techniques such as double-ended and dual-angle configurations. It was concluded that single-ended, single frequency lidars can not be used to infer slant path extinction with an accuracy necessary to make meaningful performance assessments. Other lidar configurations may find limited application in model validation and research efforts. No technique has emerged yet which could be considered ready for shipboard implementation. A shipboard real-time performance assessment system was developed and named PREOS (Performance and Range for EO Systems). PREOS has been incorporated into the Navy's Tactical Environmental Support System (TESS). The present version of PREOS is a first step in accomplishing the complex task of real-time systems performance assessment. Improved target and background models are under development and will be incorporated into TESS when tested and validated. A reliable assessment capability can be used to develop Tactical Decision Aids (TDAs). TDAs permit optimum selection or combination of sensors and estimation of a ship's own vulnerability against hostile systems.