Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A web-based model to enhance competency in the interconnection of multiple levels of representation for pre-service teachers

This study aimed to design a web-based learning model to enhance pre-service teachers’ competencies in the Interconnection of Multiple Levels of Representation (IMLR). The model contains multimodal representations with assignments and probing questions; it creates social engagement through online discussion forums and online assessment as feedback on learning performance. The validity of the model was evaluated by expert judgment, while the feasibilty of the model was explored through a limited test with students using the quasi-experimental method. The results showed that the implementation of a web-based model increased the pre-service teachers’ abilities in IMLR on each subtopic of chemical equilibrium in aqueous solution. The pre-service students also showed good abilities to resolve problems with interconnection patterns that progressed from macroscopic to submicroscopic and symbolic, rather than starting from submicroscopic and moving to symbolic and macroscopic. It can be concluded that the web-based learning model enhanced the pre-service teachers’ understanding of the submicroscopic level, changing existing problem-solving ability patterns from macroscopic–symbolic into six interconnection patterns, and improving student learning patterns.
The Advent of University-Level Packaging Scholarship: The Time, the Place and the People

In 1952, Michigan State College (MSC), now Michigan State University (MSU), was the first university in the world to offer a Bachelor of Science degree in Packaging. Other universities had previously offered related courses like canning (as part of a food science degree) or military packaging (in wartime), but MSU was the first to propose packaging as its own academic field of scholarship. Other universities followed, sharing faculty and curriculum models developed at MSU. As a result, graduates’ careers in packaging now have a higher professional status, and universities play a key role in developing our international community of packaging scholars. Sixty-five years later, the purpose of this manuscript is to explore the unique circumstances that led to the creation of the Michigan State University School of Packaging. This historical manuscript documents the convergence of the time, place and people, and it shows MSU’s role in cultivating packaging scholarship around the world.
The spıllov er of shadow ınterest rate to the excess returns ın emergıng markets

Purpose ─ This study focuses on the monetary policy transmission of the U.S. on the excess returns in emerging markets by estimating the impacts of changes in the shadow interest rate in the U.S. on the Barclays Benchmark EM FX Trend Excess Return Index and the Barclays Cross Asset Trend Index. Methods ─ To account for the spillover effects of the macroeconomic and financial variables, this study employs a bivariate VARMA – AGARCH approach. This study employs 206 daily observations, from February 22, 2002, to July 5, 2019 sourced from The Barclays database and the Reserve Bank of New Zealand. Findings ─ This study finds that the shocks in shadow interest rates will decrease the Barclays Benchmark EM FX Trend Excess Return Index and the Barclays Cross Asset Trend Index in the short term. The results of VARMA – BEKK – AGARCH model show that changes/shocks in shadow interest rates will reduce the excess returns in the financial markets of emerging countries in the long term. Implication ─ The study reveals that a high-interest rate policy could be used as a tool by the FED to prevent excessive returns on emerging countries' financial markets Originality ─ This study contributes to the existing literature by addressing the issue of whether the monetary policy stance of the U.S. after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) can be recognized as the primary source of the currency excess returns and multiple-asset class excess returns for emerging countries.
Ipilimumab in Nivolumab-Refractory Mucosal Melanoma Patients

37 Received March 11, 2019; revised and accepted April 24, 2019. Published online May 18, 2019; doi: 10.1620/tjem.248. 37. Correspondence: Chikashi Ishioka, Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan. e-mail: chikashi@tohoku.ac. jp Therapeutic Benefits of Ipilimumab among Japanese Patients with Nivolumab-Refractory Mucosal Melanoma: A Case Series Study
The functional movement screen and abdominal muscle activation in the prediction of injuries in high school cricket pace bowlers

Background: The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) aims to predict an athlete’s risk of sustaining an injury by systematically rating the quality of seven functional movements, including the deep squat (DS). Research related to the validity, more specifically concurrent validity, of the FMS is however scarce. Purpose: To establish the concurrent validity of the FMS DS by comparing real-time observer rating to objective kinematic motion analysis. Study design: Cross-sectional, observational study Methods: Seventeen injury-free, male cricket pace bowlers between the ages of 13 and 18 years performed the FMS DS. The quality of the DS was rated based on the FMS scoring criteria. Simultaneously, the motion was captured and analysed by the Optitrack® motion capture system. Participants were grouped according to scores received (e.g. Group 3 included all participants that scored 3). Specific joint angles of groups that achieved different observer ratings were compared using the KruskalWallis and Mann-Whitney-U tests. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: There were significant differences in the degree to which the femurs passed the horizontal between Group 3 and Group1 (p=0.04, effect size (ES)=0.61) and Group 2 and 1 (p=0.03, ES=0.66). The femur passed the horizontal for Groups 3 and 2, but remained above the horizontal for Group 1. There was a difference in the degree to
KeyCoNet 2012 Literature Review: Key competence development in school education in Europe

This literature review outlines the key issues in relation to the definition and implementation of key competences in school education in Europe, at the classroom/school as well as systemic level. In order to focus the areas explored by our network’s team of researchers, a matrix was formulated and agreed upon by all contributors to the literature review (see annex 1). As is evident from the matrix, the key focus is on analyzing implementation policies and practice, which constitutes the network’s core remit. The review examines the various interrelated dimensions of innovative learning environments (formal and non-formal), curriculum design, teacher training, pedagogy and socio-economic issues, across a wide range of sources including scientific reviews and books, reports from EU and other international organizations, as well as national key reports about specific relevant initiatives. The literature review is divided into three sections, each with a specific focus. The first section written by the University of Helsinki examines the implementation of key competences across school education in Europe, from the point of view of practice. The classroom and non-formal learning environments are therefore considered in relation to technology enhanced as well as collaborative and multidisciplinary learning, and the key competences of teachers. The authors consider the approaches to implementation from the national, regional and school levels. The second section of the review is written by the European Institute of Education and Social Policy (EIESP) and analyzes approaches to the implementation of key competences in school education at systemic level, focusing on curriculum design and implementation and socio-economic aspects, as well as taking a closer look at some of the literature on transversal and cross-curricular key competences. The final section written by l’Institut Francais de l’Education (IFE), belonging to l'Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS) provides a specific example of how key competence development has been framed in French-speaking countries, considering particularly the definition and integration of competences in schools in France, and the assessment approaches used.
An assessment innovation as flywheel for changing teaching and learning

Abstract This contribution shows an example of how an assessment innovation can serve as a flywheel for changing teaching and learning. This article first explains the development of an authentic, competence-based performance assessment in pre-vocational secondary education (pre-VET). Using these assessments in pre-VET, that is preparatory to VET, is important for motivating students for a future in VET. Second, in an action research 34 teacher teams of 11 pre-VET institutions implement the new assessment, supported by researchers and teacher coaches, to illuminate how it motivates students, prepares them for VET, and influences teaching and learning. Data from 76 teachers, 68 students, 24 teacher coaches and 3 researchers showed how implementing these assessments raised questions about changing educational content and pedagogy to fit a competence-based approach. Increasing teachers’ expectations of students, changing student-teacher interaction patterns, and developing teachers’ practical understanding of competencies and how they can be observed and discussed in assessments are some of the intriguing challenges that require further support for proper implementation of competence-based assessments and developing an aligned competence-based teaching and learning process.
Fiber-Reinforced Hot-Mix Asphalt: Idaho Case Study

This paper presents the findings of a research study to determine the benefits of fiber-reinforced asphalt mixtures used to mitigate distresses observed in the field. Control asphalt mixture test sections were constructed on US-30 in Idaho, along with fiber-reinforced asphalt mixture test sections. Three types of fibers were evaluated: Fiber 1 (i.e., aramid and polyolefin fiber), Fiber 2 (i.e., wax-treated aramid fiber), and Fiber 3 (i.e., glass fiber). Several laboratory tests were conducted on laboratory-prepared test samples and extracted field cores. The laboratory tests included dynamic modulus, flow number, Hamburg wheel-track test, indirect tensile test, creep compliance, and semicircular bending, in addition to performance evaluation with AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design software. The laboratory results showed no significant improvement to the properties of asphalt mixtures at the fiber content recommended by the manufacturer. However, the performance of asphalt mixtures did improve at a fiber dosage higher than the one recommended by the manufacturer. This study demonstrated the need to evaluate different fiber contents when asphalt mixtures are designed, because the dosage recommended by the manufacturer may not be optimal for various asphalt mixtures.
Two-Phase Mini-Thermosyphon For Cooling Of Datacenters: Experiments, Modeling And Simulations

Nowadays, datacenters heat density dissipation follows an exponential increasing trend that is reaching the heat removal limits of the traditional air-cooling technology. Two-phase cooling implemented within a gravity-driven system represents a scalable and viable long-term solution for datacenter cooling in order to increase the heat density dissipation with larger energy efficiency and lower acoustic noise. The present article builds upon the 4-part set of papers presented at 'THERM 2016 for a 15-cm height thermosyphon to cool a contemporary datacenter cabinet, providing new test data over a wider range of heat fluxes and new validations of the thermal hydrodynamics of our thermosyphon simulation code. The thermosyphon consists of a microchannel evaporator connected via a riser and a downcomer to a liquid-cooled condenser for the cooling of a pseudo-chip to emulate an actual server. Test results demonstrated good thermal performance coupled with uniform flow distribution for the new larger range of operating test conditions. At the maximum imposed heat load of 158 W (corresponding to a heat flux of 70 W cm(-2)) with a water inlet coolant at 20 degrees C, water mass flow rate of 12 kg h(-1) and thermosyphon filling ratio of 78%, the pseudo mean chip temperature was found to be 58 degrees C and is well below the normal thermal limits in datacenter cooling. Finally, the in-house LTCM's thermosyphon simulation code was validated against an expanded experimental database of about 262 data points, demonstrating very good agreement; in fact, the pseudo mean chip temperature was predicted with an error band of about 1 K.
EFL Writing Instruction Research in Morocco: A Historical Overview

This paper is an attempt to trace and discuss how writing instruction research has evolved in the Moroccan EFL context over years. It also seeks to show that most EFL scholars were reactive and not proactive in dealing with this skill; they carried out their studies in response to the composing problems Moroccan EFL learners, at the secondary school or university level, face. The ultimate goal has always been the attainment of a research and evidence-based methodology that would render the writing skill accessible and learnable for most learners. Different writing-related topics have been studied thoroughly. But this paper is limited to the salient issues that Moroccan researchers have placed a premium on such as feedback, methodology, scoring and errors. Finally, the paper concludes with the allusion to some defective aspects of these studies and suggests other EFL writing trajectories for scholars to consider in future studies.
The Effect of Polymer Capping Group to the Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation Activities of Prussian Blue Analogues

Prussian Blue (PB) nanoparticles can be obtained by reacting the hexacyanometal center with metal ions in the existence of polymers such as polyethyleneglycol (PEG). In this study, a pentacyanometal complex, [Fe(CN)5NO], was used in addition to hexacyanometal ion, [Fe(CN)6], to obtain nanoparticles coated with PEG. PB nanoparticles have been prepared, characterized, and comprehensive electrochemical studies were performed to investigate their performance for water oxidation electrocatalysis. The effect the ratio of PEG to the morphology and the water oxidation electrocatalytic performance have also been interrogated. Overall, the study clearly indicates that CoFeNO@PEG with 1:10 and 1:25 Co:PEG rate show the best electrocatalytic activity with an overpotential of 472 and 489 mV for current density of 1 mA cm, respectively.
The signatures of acoustic emission waveforms from fatigue crack advancing in thin metallic plates

The acoustic emission (AE) waveforms from a fatigue crack advancing in a thin metallic plate possess diverse and complex spectral signatures. In this article, we analyze these waveform signatures in coordination with the load level during cyclic fatigue. The advancing fatigue crack may generate numerous AE hits while it grows under fatigue loading. We found that these AE hits can be sorted into various groups based on their AE waveform signatures. Each waveform group has a particular time-domain signal pattern and a specific frequency spectrum. This indicates that each group represents a certain AE event related to the fatigue crack growth behavior. In situ AE-fatigue experiments were conducted to monitor the fatigue crack growth with simultaneous measurement of AE signals, fatigue loading, and optical crack growth measurement. An in situ microscope was installed in the load-frame of the mechanical testing system (MTS) to optically monitor the fatigue crack growth and relate the AE signals with the crack growth measurement. We found the AE signal groups at higher load levels (75%–85% of maximum load) were different from the AE signal groups that happened at lower load levels (below 60% of load level). These AE waveform groups are highly related to the fatigue crack-related AE events. These AE signals mostly contain the higher frequency peaks (100 kHz, 230 kHz, 450 kHz, 550 kHz). Some AE signal groups happened as a clustered form that relates a sequence of small AE events within the fatigue crack. They happened at relatively lower load level (50%–60% of the maximum load). These AE signal groups may be related to crack friction and micro-fracture during the friction process. These AE signals mostly contain the lower frequency peaks (60 kHz, 100 kHz, 200 kHz). The AE waveform based analysis may give us comprehensive information of the metal fatigue.
Work values, conflict, and team cooperation among engineering designers

ABSTRACT Engineering designers are crucial for, and primarily drive, corporate research and development innovations. Therefore, this study explored the relationships among the work values, team conflicts, team relationships, loyalty, and team cooperation of engineering designers. A questionnaire survey was conducted to analyse cooperation- and conflict-related factors that affect team operation. In addition, a cooperation–conflict conceptual model was proposed to not only determine how and why the relationships between designers and hiring firms affect designer team cooperation, but also offer specific and practical suggestions. The major contributions and results of this study are as follows. First, this study analysed and explained why the values of designers and teams positively affect team cooperation. Second, this study categorised research and development teams according to the proposed model into four types, namely practical and rational, experienced and efficient, harmonious and trustful, and institutional and authoritative. Finally, strategies and measures for improving the effectiveness of team cooperation were proposed for each type of team.
Development of HgCdTe large format MBE arrays and noise-free high speed MOVPE EAPD arrays for ground based NIR astronomy

Large format near infrared HgCdTe 2Kx2K and 4Kx4K MBE arrays have reached a level of maturity which meets most of the specifications required for near infrared (NIR) astronomy. The only remaining problem is the persistence effect which is device specific and not yet fully under control. For ground based multi-object spectroscopy on 40 meter class telescopes larger pixels would be advantageous. For high speed near infrared fringe tracking and wavefront sensing the only way to overcome the CMOS noise barrier is the amplification of the photoelectron signal inside the infrared pixel by means of the avalanche gain. A readout chip for a 320x256 pixel HgCdTe eAPD array will be presented which has 32 parallel video outputs being arranged in such a way that the full multiplex advantage is also available for small sub-windows. In combination with the high APD gain this allows reducing the readout noise to the subelectron level by applying nondestructive readout schemes with subpixel sampling. Arrays grown by MOVPE achieve subelectron readout noise and operate with superb cosmetic quality at high APD gain. Efforts are made to reduce the dark current of those arrays to make this technology also available for large format focal planes of NIR instruments offering noise free detectors for deep exposures. The dark current of the latest MOVPE eAPD arrays is already at a level adequate for noiseless broad and narrow band imaging in scientific instruments.
Evaluating the Promotion of Innovative Mobility Options with an Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation Approach

The growing, aging, and urbanizing traveling population of the United States requires different and more personal designed mobility options. The private sector, in association with public firms, has started to test and deploy innovative solutions to address these shifting needs. Unfortunately, the build-first-and-users-will-come theory does not hold much weight. Overnight success stories are often the result of years of hard work behind the scenes. Simply put, start-up marketing is often a unique challenge because of limited resources, whether it is time, money, or talent. This study, therefore, introduced an agent-based model that could be used to simulate the reaction of commuters and travelers on the introduction of an innovative mobility option and business model. The model was backed up with empirical data from an Austin, Texas–based innovative mobility solution, the Metropia app. The results of this study show the importance of how and when promotional activities are conducted, with respect to the characteristics of the concept involved, to achieve appropriate public engagement. Thus, decision makers are provided with a quantitative projection of the effect of different strategies and the associated public reaction. For instance, in the case of introducing innovative mobility options that require high public engagement, such as carpooling or crowdsourcing solutions, it is suggested that strategists focus their attention and marketing budget to make an initial splash.
Ferroelectric Negative Capacitance Domain Dynamics

Transient negative capacitance effects in epitaxial ferroelectric Pb(Zr$_{0.2}$Ti$_{0.8}$)O$_3$ capacitors are investigated with a focus on the dynamical switching behavior governed by domain nucleation and growth. Voltage pulses are applied to a series connection of the ferroelectric capacitor and a resistor to directly measure the ferroelectric negative capacitance during switching. A time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau approach is used to investigate the underlying domain dynamics. The transient negative capacitance is shown to originate from reverse domain nucleation and unrestricted domain growth. However, with the onset of domain coalescence, the capacitance becomes positive again. The persistence of the negative capacitance state is therefore limited by the speed of domain wall motion. By changing the applied electric field, capacitor area or external resistance, this domain wall velocity can be varied predictably over several orders of magnitude. Additionally, detailed insights into the intrinsic material properties of the ferroelectric are obtainable through these measurements. A new method for reliable extraction of the average negative capacitance of the ferroelectric is presented. Furthermore, a simple analytical model is developed, which accurately describes the negative capacitance transient time as a function of the material properties and the experimental boundary conditions.
Offline PD diagnostics using several excitation voltages

Diagnostics on both MV and HV cables is nowadays almost applied at every utility. Not only for condition monitoring to determine local defects and ageing status of the cable. But also as part of a commissioning test; to check the quality of workmanship of newly installed cables and accessories. With regards to offline partial discharge diagnostics, especially in the medium voltage range, there is a wide variety of systems available with each having its own type of excitation voltage. For proper decision making it is of importance that the PD characteristics measured with the offline PD system are directly comparable with the PD characteristics at power frequency. If not, it can happen that either incipient faults will not be recognized, or that a recommendation is given to replace a defective component which was not needed as with power frequency the conditions were still ok. This paper will go into detail to all available excitation voltages for offline PD diagnostics. For this research, using all types of excitation voltages, a number of on-site practical measurements on MV-cables have been performed. Both newly installed cables as well as service aged cables were part of the test program. As the measurements were performed very close in time on the same day, data of each type of excitation voltage can be directly compared with each other, influences like water infiltration or soil temperature can be excluded. The measurements have shown some significant differences between the different types of excitation voltages which will be discussed at the end of this paper.