Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on phase transition behavior of lutetium orthoborate LuBO3

Cerium-doped lutetium orthoborate LuBO3 : Ce crystal is a promising scintillator with excellent properties, but the single crystal is difficult to grow because of the phase transition. In this article, the reported high-temperature (HT) vaterite phase was proved to exist at a low temperature (below 1200°C). Moreover, the real HT phase of LuBO3 was identified for the first time. The observed HT phase structure of LuBO3 was isostructural with the hexagonal structure of YbBO3 with space group P6322(182). The temperature dependence of the lattice constant and unit cell of the above phase structures were also investigated. The relative stability of calcite phase of LuBO3 could associate with fitness of the radius of Lu3+ ion for the six-coordination structure.
ESCOLAS DO CAMPO E INFRAESTRUTURA: ASPECTOS LEGAIS, PRECARIZAÇÃO E FECHAMENTO

RESUMO: A efetivação do direito à educação do campo para as comunidades campesinas compreende grandes desafios, os quais perpassam desde os aspectos pedagógicos até a infraestrutura. Em função desses desafios, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo apresentar a realidade de três escolas do campo localizadas no Noroeste Fluminense, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Concretamente, analisamos as condições infraestruturais dessas escolas, com base em três categorias analíticas: infraestrutura arquitetônica; infraestrutura básica; e equipamentos. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa está pautada no enfoque qualitativo de caráter exploratório. O processo de coleta de dados aconteceu no período entre 2015 e 2019, por meio da observação-participante, em decorrência das vivências pedagógicas realizadas nas três escolas. Os dados coletados a partir dessas vivências foram sistematizados em um diário de campo e, posteriormente, analisados com base nas políticas públicas de educação. Enquanto principais resultados da pesquisa, evidenciamos a negligência do poder público no cumprimento dos padrões mínimos de infraestrutura das escolas. Na sequência, tal poder utiliza o argumento da precarização, enquanto justificativa, para colocar em prática uma política criminosa de fechamento de escolas do campo. Essa política não é um fenômeno isolado do contexto estudado, reflete, portanto, a realidade nacional.
Perfect selective alignment of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have attracted significant interest because of their excellent spin and optical characteristics for quantum information and metrology. To exploit these characteristics, precise control of the orientation of the NV axis in the lattice is essential. Here we show that the orientation of more than 99% of the NV centers can be aligned along the [111] axis by chemical vapor deposition homoepitaxial growth on (111) substrates. We also discuss the alignment mechanisms. Our result enables a fourfold improvement in the magnetic field sensitivity and opens new avenues to the optimum design of NV center devices.
Effects of Fertilizer Treatment on the Growth Performance of 1-Year-Old Containerized Seedlings in Chionanthus retusus

Chionanthus retusus has been used for landscaping and gardening trees, foods and medicines. This study was carried out to analyze the effect of fertilization on the growth performance of container seedlings (1-year-old) in C. retusus. We used multifeed 19 (MF) as a fertilizer, and measured the height, root collar diameter (RCD), biomass, seedling quality index (SQI) chlorophyll contents and chlorophyll fluorescence of the seedlings. The findings of this paper showed that the height, RCD, H/D ratio, T/R ratio and the fresh and dry weight of seedlings increased after fertilization. The moisture content of the stem and root did not show any significant difference among fertilizations, except in the case of the leaf. Production distribution such as the dry weight ratio of leaves and the stem dry weight ratio of fertilized seedlings had a higher value than that of non-treatment. SQI was the highest in MF 1,000 ㎎/L and 2,000 ㎎/L treatment. Chlorophyll contents (SPAD value) also increased with the increase in fertilization concentrations. Chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) showed the highest value of 0.8 in MF 2,000 ㎎/L treatment.
Evolution of Network Structure in Polymer-Stabilised Liquid Crystals

Abstract Experiments were performed to investigate the evolution of structure and morphology of the network in polymer-stabilised liquid crystals. In situ optical microscopy revealed that the morphology was significantly altered by extraction of the LC host, while scanning electron microscopy showed that the network morphology was also dependent on the polymerisation conditions and closely related to the depletion of monomer, as monitored by high performance liquid chromatography. Transmission electron microscopy allowed observation of internal structure, resolving microstructure on the order of 0. 1 μm.
Dochodzenie w sprawie wypadku lotniczego z zastosowaniem dynamicznego symulatora lotu

Celem prezentowanych badań była ocena przydatności dynamicznego symulatora lotu (wirówki przeciążeniowej HTC-07) do odtwarzania krytycznej fazy lotu samolotu F-16. Ocena przydatności symulatora polegała na porównaniu przyspieszenia liniowego oraz prędkości kątowej oddziałujących na pilota w locie rzeczywistym z przyspieszeniem oddziałującym na niego podczas odtwarzania tego lotu w symulatorze. Do oceny zgodności tych wielkości zastosowano pierwiastek błędu średniokwadratowego oraz współczynnik korelacji liniowej. Biorąc pod uwagę, że zaburzenia wzrokowe oraz utrata świadomości u pilota są wynikiem głównie składowej pionowej przyspieszenia liniowego, to niedostateczna zgodność w odtwarzaniu pozostałych składowych tego przyspieszenia oraz składowych prędkości kątowej nie dyskwalifikuje tego symulatora z możliwości jego zastosowania w badaniach przyczyn poważanych incydentów i wypadków lotniczych.
PERFORMANCE OF NATURAL SODIUM CLAY TREATED WITH AMMONIUM SALT IN THE SEPARATION OF EMULSIFIED OIL IN WATER

This study aims to characterize and evaluate the use of adsorbent (organoclay) in the process of separation of oil in water emulsion. One goal of this work is to prepare and characterize untreated sodium clay (BSN-03) from Argentina and treated BSN-03. The method used to prepare the organoclay replaces the cations (Na+) interlayer of the clay by a quaternary ammonia cation. Tests used X-ray diffraction to observe the obtaining of organoclays. The spectrum showed that the distance of the basal clay BSN-03 was modified, indicating that the quaternary ammonium salt was intercalated. Infrared data show that the ammonium salt was incorporated into the clay structure, thereby confirming organophilization. After the preparation and characterization of the organoclay, oil removal capacity (qeq) and the percentage of oil removal (%Rem) of the adsorbent (BSN-03) was observed through a finite bath system. Finite bath tests determined the rate and capacity of oil removal by the treated clay. Up to 49.50 mg/g of oil removal capacity (98.99 % efficiency) was reached, indicating that the clay treated with CTAC is an excellent alternative in the process of oil removal.
OXYGEN-CONTAINING FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN ORGANIC SOILS AND THEIR RELATION TO THE DEGREE OF HUMIFICATION AS DETERMINED BY SOLUBILITY IN SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE SOLUTION

Carboxyls, phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyls, carbonyls, and methoxyls were determined in 20 organic soil samples that ranged from peats, mucky peats, peaty mucks to mucks. The absorbance of a sodium pyrophosphate extract of each sample served as basis for grouping the samples into three broad classes: (i) peat, (ii) mucky peat – peaty muck, and (iii) muck.A statistical analysis of the analytical data showed that (a) the determination of COOH and of OCH3 groups distinguished between the peat and muck classes, and (b) measurement of alcoholic OH groups differentiated between the peat class and the intermediate class and between the peat and muck classes. The experimental data indicated that increased humification was associated with increases in COOH, OCH3, and to a lesser extent of C==O groups, increased solubility in dilute sodium pyrophosphate solution, decreases in alcoholic OH groups but practically no changes in phenolic OH groups. It is suggested that functional group analysis could be used as a supp.
Impact of Knowledge Management Practices on Innovation Performance

The main purpose of this article is to study the impact of knowledge management practices (KMPs) on innovation performance of an Iranian leading private bank known as Bank Pasargad. To assess the impact of independent factor (KMP) on the dependent factor (innovation performance), a questionnaire containing 52 questions is designed and distributed among 237 experts and managers of the Iranian Bank Pasargad headquarters. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses are used to analyze the research data. The proposed conceptual model of the research is studied using the structural equation modeling technique. Results obtained from testing the main hypothesis shows that KMPs positively and significantly affect innovation performance. Also, scrutiny of the subhypotheses revealed that KMP subconstructs, namely, top management measures, strategic knowledge management, knowledge-driven employment, knowledge-driven training, knowledge-driven performance evaluation based on IT, and knowledge sharing using IT, positively and significantly affect innovation performance in the surveyed bank.
A Photonic Approach for Doppler-Frequency-Shift and Angle-of-Arrival Measurement Without Direction Ambiguity

A dual channel system based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) is proposed for simultaneous measurement of angle of arrival (AOA) and Doppler frequency shift (DFS). The echo signals are received by two antennas and sent into two sub modulators (sub-MZMs) of the DPMZM respectively. The transmitted signal is fed into one of the sub-MZMs to act as a local oscillator signal. The upper and the lower sidebands of the output signal from the DPMZM are separated by a wavelength-division multiplexer (WDM) to form two channels. By measuring the power of the beating signal of the two channels, the AOA can be measured and the phase measurement error is less than 3.4° in the range of about 300° (The AOA is measured from ±10° to ±90°). Moreover, the system can measure DFS with the measurement error less than 0.07 Hz and determine the DFS direction by comparing the phase relationship between the two channels. The system structure is simple and compact, which is a simple and effective solution for modern radar and electronic warfare receiver.
Mechanism of dielectric recovery in uniform- and nonuniform-field gaps after high-current high-pressure spark discharges

Previous experiments on the dielectric recovery of high-current spark channels have been conducted with small gap spacings; so it has not been possible to separate the cooling effect of the electrodes from other electrode effects; such as changes in the Townsend secondary-ionisation coefficient γ. In the paper, measurements of gas-temperature decay and dielectric recovery rate are made for an 8 cm gap and 16 mm-diameter or smaller electrodes following a 190 kA spark discharge at a pressure of 570 torr; the electrode cooling effect here should be negligible. This electrode configuration constitutes a nonuniform field, in contrast with measurements on 5 mm gaps where the field is assumed to be uniform. The form of the recovery curves at later recovery times depends on the degree of uniformity of the field when measured curves are compared with those derived from gas temperatures. Increased attachment due to the formation of impurity products appears to be dominant in the uniform-field case; in the nonuniform-field configuration, negative-ion detachment facilitating the growth of space-charge-distorted fields, causing lower breakdown voltages, seems to be an important process. At early recovery times, increases in γ seem to occur, and, with tungsten electrodes, field-enhanced thermionic emission may be important. A model for the gas-temperature decay in the 8 cm-gap case demonstrates that the major mechanism for heat removal is by radial thermal conduction; the temperature predicted by this model shows good agreement with the measured values of gas temperature.
Characteristics of Differential Scanning Calorimetry Determination of Thermophysical Properties of Meats

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the variations in heat capacity and enthalpy of beef and pork of differing composition, and in response to different temperatures. The values in relation to changes in temperature and composition differed from published reports and were also at variance with published equations. Similar results have been observed for lamb in previous work in our laboratory. However, the above-mentioned equations can be used to predict the change in enthalpy during thawing; this is demonstrated in the present study. The study verified that the experimental results for all three types of meat can be predicted with good accuracy using just one equation which deals with temperature and moisture content only. We used pork and lamb samples and four combinations of freezing (slow or quick) with or without subsequent frozen storage, to study the possible influence of such temperature conditions on measured enthalpy and heat capacity. It was found that neither freezing or other variations in temperature significantly influence the property values of the subjects studied. As regards the melting temperature, the differences observed between DSC-based property values and those of adiabatic calorimetry may be due to differences in sample size and freezing rate. These could cause very different spatial distributions of ice crystals, leading to diverse behaviour during the thawing process.
A partially reduced C60-grafted macroporous carbon composite for the enhanced electrocatalysis of nitroaromatic compounds

Fullerene (C60) loaded in macroporous carbon (C60/MPC) composite by π–π stacking was prepared and attached on a glassy carbon electrode. A novel partially reduced C60-grafted MPC (K3C60/MPC) composite was fabricated when the modified electrode was subjected to cyclic voltammetric scans in KOH solution. The formation of these composite materials was verified by detailed characterization (e.g., Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray) analyses. TEM revealed that the aggregates of C60 with diameters of about 9.4 nm and partially reduced C60 moieties aggregates of ∼1.8 nm in diameter were finely dispersed on the MPC surface. The resultant K3C60/MPC was used as a conductive film to significantly improve the transport of electrons and exhibited favorable electrochemical activity in terms of good stability and excellent electro-catalytic capability. More importantly, the electrochemical behavior of the as-prepared composite towards nitroaromatic compounds was assessed and a novel electrode system using linear sweep voltammetry for the preparation of an electrochemical sensor platform is proposed.
T–S Fuzzy Sampled-Data Control for Nonlinear Systems With Actuator Faults and Its Application to Wind Energy System

This article concerns the problem of stability analysis of nonlinear systems under the sampled-data control (SDC) with actuator faults. The addressed nonlinear systems can be expressed by a number of linear arrangements, based on the Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy technique. The time-dependent SDC with actuator faults of the addressed nonlinear systems delineates based on the input model of Markovian variability. The time-scheduled Lyapunov functional and the looped-functional are taken together in the production of a Lyapunov functional candidate. Based on a free matrix-based integral inequality and the Lyapunov functional, some sufficient linear matrix inequality conditions are delivered to guarantee the mean-square asymptotic stability under $H_\infty$ performance of the considered sampled-data T–S fuzzy systems with actuator faults. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility and strength of our proposed method through some examples.
Efficacy of Topical Anaesthesia-Lignocaine vs. Emla in the Management of Needle Prick Pain in Children

Pain control is an integral part of modern dentistry. Needle injection of local anaesthetic itself proves to be painful for the child. Topical anaesthetic agents are widely used in the field of Paediatric dentistry to reduce pain and apprehension during administration of local anaesthesia. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two topical anaesthetic agents—Lignocaine 5% gel and EMLA 5% cream (Eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics—Lignocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) in reducing pain during administration of local anesthetic injection in children. Children of the age group between 6 and 9 years of age were selected. The two selected topical anaesthetics were applied on the maxillary buccal vestibule following which the local anaesthetic was administered. The pain responses of the children were evaluated using the Wong Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale at the 5th min and 10th min. The results were then statistically analysed using Independent t-test and ƿ value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. EMLA 5% cream was more effective in pain reduction than Lignocaine 5% gel at the 5th and 10th min. EMLA 5% cream is comparatively better than Lignocaine 5% gel with regards to pain reduction during the administration of local anaesthetic injection in children.
Switching Cell With Frequency Modulation for CCM Voltage-Follower Converters

This letter proposes a new switching cell with switching frequency modulation (SFM) and resistive characteristic (voltage follower) for converters that are current-fed. Soft commutation and current null (when the diode blocks) are achieved with SFM and a fixed duty cycle for converters based on this switching cell. The operating principle, a mathematical analysis of the cell, and two topological variations are presented. In addition, the basic characteristics of the main topologies are shown, and the experimental results of a 1-kW boost continuous conduction mode converter prototype are discussed to demonstrate the operating characteristics.
Effects of IFN-γ on the proliferation of 32D cells expressing Akt after IRF-1 gene silencing

Background Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) plays a critical role in the injury to stem and progenitor regions associated with aberrant interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in aplastic anemia (AA). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of IFN-γ on murine myeloid precursor cells (32D cells) with wild-type and inactive-type protein kinase B (Akt) after IRF-1 gene silencing. Methods With treatment of four concentrations of IFN-γ, the 32D cell viability and inhibition rate were assayed by middle-time-spray (MTS). The apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of the phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-Stat3) and the phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (p-Stat5) was analyzed by Western blot. Results The results from real time PCR (RT-PCR) assays suggested that the relative expression level of IRF-1-mRNA in the knockdown group (KD) was lower than that of in the negative control (NC) and blank control (Ctrl). In addition, the silencing efficiency was >70%, which was further validated by Western blotting. At 48 h, the rate of proliferation of 32D cells of wild-type Akt was significantly higher than that of inactive-type Akt (0.918±0.005 vs. 0.503±0.003, P=0.008), while the apoptosis rate in wild-type was significantly lower than that of inactive Akt (1.46%±0.41% vs. 2.98%±0.32%, P=0.006). After reducing the expression of IRF-1 gene, the promotion of hematopoiesis was recovered, resulting from the high concentration of IFN-γ achieved by reducing the expression of p-Stat5 via the Akt signaling pathway. Conclusions Taken together, these results suggested that IRF-1 plays a critical role in the pro-apoptotic effect of IFN-γ on the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. These findings could contribute to understanding the mechanisms underlying the conversion from IFN-γ-mediated inhibition to promotion of hematopoiesis.
Anomalous Event Sequence Detection

Anomaly detection has been widely applied in modern data-driven security applications to detect abnormal events/entities that deviate from the majority. However, less work has been done in terms of detecting suspicious event sequences/paths, which are better discriminators than single events/entities for distinguishing normal and abnormal behaviors in complex systems such as cyber-physical systems. A key and challenging step in this endeavor is how to discover those abnormal event sequences from millions of system event records in an efficient and accurate way. To address this issue, we propose NINA, a network diffusion based algorithm for identifying anomalous event sequences. Experimental results on both static and streaming data show that NINA is efficient (processes about 2 million records per minute) and accurate.
Ways to Improve Multitasking: Effects of Predictability after Single- and Dual-Task Training

In this study we investigated the effect of predictability on dual-task performance in two experiments. In the first experiment 33 participants separately practiced a continuous tracking task and an auditory reaction time task. Both tasks had a repeating element that made them predictable; in the tracking task this was a repeating segment, and in the auditory task this was an auditory sequence. In addition, one group obtained explicit knowledge about the repeating sequence in the tracking task while the other group trained implicitly. After training, single- and dual-task performance was tested at a post test and retention test. Results showed that predictability only improved performance in the predictable tasks themselves and dual-task costs disappeared for the tracking task. To see whether the task-specific effect of predictability was the results of task prioritization, or because task representations did not have much chance to interact with each other, we conducted a second experiment. Using the same tasks as in Experiment 1, 39 participants now trained both tasks simultaneously. Results largely mirrored those of the first experiment, demonstrating that freed-up resources due to predictability in one task could not be re-invested to improve in the other task. We conclude that predictability has a positive but task-specific effect on dual-task performance.
Relationship between photosynthetic pigments and corn production under nitrogen sources

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is a dynamic element in the soil, so new nitrogen fertilization alternatives are required as a way of maximizing its efficiency. Besides, vegetation sensors are a way to assess and manage the nutritional demands of plants. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen sources on photosynthetic pigments and their correlation with corn grain yield and dry biomass. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with nitrogen sources (mineral, organic and biological). Contents of chlorophyll a, b and total, as well as carotenoids, were evaluated. The chlorophyll indices evaluated by both methods were positively correlated with each other and with the grain yield per plant. Nitrogen fertilization 100 % mineral was superior, when compared to the other treatments, with increments of up to 44 %. There was a positive relationship between the methods of determining and estimating the chlorophyll contents. The grain yield per plant showed the highest values when using the 100 % mineral fertilizer source, with increments above 10 %, in relation to the other sources, spending US$ 89.77 on fertilizer and earning over US$ 538.60 on grain yield. There was a positive correlation between the photosynthetic pigments obtained by both methods and grain yield per plant. Both methods are recommended for the evaluation of chlorophyll concentrations.