Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Survey on the incidence of Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Cecidomyiidae: Diptera) in Cauvery command area

A survey was conducted on the incidence of gall midge in paddy ecosystem in Cuavery and Kabini command area, Karnataka. In Cauvery and Kabini command area mainly Jaya, Jyothi, MTU 1001, BR 2655, Tanu, Gangavathi sona are cultivated in which about 50 % area is covered by Jaya. The crop is infested by gall midge which plays a significant role in limiting the rice production. During the survey along with gall midge other pests like yellow stem borer, hispa case worm, Leaf folder were noticed. Among the three districts surveyed Mandya districts has recorded higher gall midge infestation with per cent silver shoot of 9.03, which was followed by Chamarajanagar (8.70% SS). The lower gall midge infestation was noticed in the Mysore district with per cent silver shoot of 6.95. Due to the gall midge infestation the tiller become sterile and leads to yield loss. Early gall infestation in nursery results in the stunted growth and bushy appearance. Since gall midge being endoparasitic in nature, cultivation of resistant varieties is the most economical and feasible for its control.
Mortality Data in Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU: A Retrospective Study in Brooklyn

Background: High mortality rates are predominant even in COVID-19 patients requiring minimal supportive therapy, with a short-coming of data on COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation.Objectives/Design: We performed a single-center, retrospective, cohort study at a tertiary care, community-based teaching hospital with patient who required invasive mechanical ventilatory support and were COVID-19 positive. All patients were treated according to the ARDSnet protocol. The primary outcome was overall mortality, and secondary outcome was successful extubation.Results: A total of 72 COVID-19 positive intubated patients were included. Twenty-six (66.6%) patients died within the first 15 days of hospital admission; thirty-eight (52.7%) died within 28 days, and thirty-nine (54.2%) died within 29 days. A total of 22 patients (30.5%) were successfully extubated. 15 patients (20.8%) who required reintubation or could not be extubated further underwent tracheostomy.Conclusions: Mortality of critically ill COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilatory support is high, our observed mortality rate (54.2%) was significantly lower than currently published reports. We believe our rate to be a consequence of early intubation in conjunction with adherence to ARDSnet protocol. We also observed patients with hyperlipidemia, higher CRP, renal failure, or those requiring vasopressor use had worse outcomes.
Resequencing of 672 Native Rice Accessions to Explore Genetic Diversity and Trait Associations in Vietnam

Background Vietnam possesses a vast diversity of rice landraces due to its geographical situation, latitudinal range, and a variety of ecosystems. This genetic diversity constitutes a highly valuable resource at a time when the highest rice production areas in the low-lying Mekong and Red River Deltas are enduring increasing threats from climate changes, particularly in rainfall and temperature patterns. Results We analysed 672 Vietnamese rice genomes, 616 newly sequenced, that encompass the range of rice varieties grown in the diverse ecosystems found throughout Vietnam. We described four Japonica and five Indica subpopulations within Vietnam likely adapted to the region of origin. We compared the population structure and genetic diversity of these Vietnamese rice genomes to the 3000 genomes of Asian cultivated rice. The named Indica-5 (I5) subpopulation was expanded in Vietnam and contained lowland Indica accessions, which had very low shared ancestry with accessions from any other subpopulation and were previously overlooked as admixtures. We scored phenotypic measurements for nineteen traits and identified 453 unique genotype-phenotype significant associations comprising twenty-one QTLs (quantitative trait loci). The strongest associations were observed for grain size traits, while weaker associations were observed for a range of characteristics, including panicle length, heading date and leaf width. Conclusions We showed how the rice diversity within Vietnam relates to the wider Asian rice diversity by using a number of approaches to provide a clear picture of the novel diversity present within Vietnam, mainly around the Indica-5 subpopulation. Our results highlight differences in genome composition and trait associations among traditional Vietnamese rice accessions, which are likely the product of adaption to multiple environmental conditions and regional preferences in a very diverse country. Our results highlighted traits and their associated genomic regions that are a potential source of novel loci and alleles to breed a new generation of low input sustainable and climate resilient rice.
Effect of area specific mineral mixture supplementation on milk yield and reproductive traits of crossbred dairy cattle under sub-tropical region of north eastern India

Nutrients requirement plays a very crucial role in regulating biological systems, immunological, health, lactation and reproductive performance in dairy cattle.Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of area specific mineral mixture supplementation on milk yield, reproductive performance and economic of dairy cattle for a period of 120 days. Experimental animals were selected randomly from four villages of Dima Hasao district of Assam. Twenty lactating crossbred cattle (n=20) were divided into two groups (10 milch cows/group) viz., treatment (T2-supplement of 50gm mineral mixture/cattle/day) and control (T1-no supplementation) in a completely randomized designed. Results revealed significant (P
Study on Yield Sustainability and Water Productivity of Groundnut on Farmers’ Fields through Improved Technology under Hyper Arid Partially Irrigated Zone of Rajasthan

Background: Groundnut is an important kharif crop in Rajasthan and occupies important position among state crop list. However, a vast yield gap exists between potential yield and the actual yield obtained due to partial adoption of recommended package of practices by the farmers. The technology gap is a major concern in achieving optimum and sustained production. Considering the facts, present study aimed to study the effect of adaptation of improved technologies in groundnut production, water productivity and sustainability in arid zone of Rajasthan.Methods: Field experiment of groundnut was carried out during four consecutive years 2016 to 2019 on farmer’s field of Bikaner districts under cluster frontline demonstrations to assess the impact of improved technologies on yield sustainability, water productivity and economics of groundnut crop. The two treatments evaluated at 25 farmer’s field were a) improved technologies i.e. high yielding varieties, seed treatment, timely sowing, optimum plant population, recommended fertilizer management, plant protection measures and irrigation management and b) farmers practice. The groundnut yield, water productivity, sustainability indices, economic returns and benefit to cost ratio of both the systems was compared using appropriate standard statistical procedure. Result: The results of the present field experiment revealed that, the improved practices gave higher and sustainable yield of groundnut over years compared to farmers practice. The mean pod yield recorded (3371 kg ha-1) with improved practices was 24.39 percent higher than farmer’s practice (2710 kg ha-1). Similarly, improved practices had higher sustainability yield index (0.63), sustainability value index (0.47), higher water expense efficiency (74.92 kg ha-1 cm-1), gross water productivity (16.58 ₹ m-3), net water productivity (11.89 ₹ m-3) and incremental benefit cost ratio (30.1) over farmers practice.
Sleep Disorders, Perceived Stress and Family Support Among Nursing Staff During the Pandemic Crisis

Background: The covid-19 pandemic is likely to cause mental health issues, especially for healthcare professionals. The aim of this study is to investigate levels of perceived stress, sleep disturbances and sense of family support among nurses in pandemic conditions. Methods: Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Family Support Scale (FSS) were administered in a sample of 150 nurses from different hospital departments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual and demographic data were recorded. Results: 120 women and 30 men completed the study questionnaires. Almost half of participants (49.7%) reported the presence of sleep difficulties and more than half (50.3%) experienced increased stress levels. Scores on AIS scale correlated positively with PSS scores (P<0.01), and nega­tively with FSS scores (P<0.01). A significantly negative correlation was observed between the PSS scores and the FSS scores (p<0.01). Regression model showed ‘scores on PSS scale’ and ‘years of work experience’ were significant predictors of ‘scores on AIS scale’, each explaining 43.6% and 2.3% of the variance. Scores on AIS scale’ and ‘scores on FSS scale’ were significant predictors of PSS explaining 43.7% and 9,2% of the variance . Conclusion: The study confirmed that working with COVID-19 patients has a negative effect on the sleep of nurses, possibly mediated by increased levels of stress. Family support, as a protective factor, appears to moderate the deleterious consequences of stress.
tspex: a tissue-specificity calculator for gene expression data

When comparing gene expression data of different tissues it is often interesting to identify tissue-specific genes or transcripts. Even though there are several metrics to measure tissue-specificity, a user-friendly tool that facilitates this analysis is not available yet. We present tspex, a software that allows easy computation of a comprehensive set of different tissue-specificity metrics from gene expression data. tspex can be used through a web interface, command-line or the Python API. Its package version also provides visualization functions that facilitate inspection of results. The documentation and the source code of tspex are available at https://apcamargo.github. io/tspex/ and the web application can be accessed at https://tspex.lge. ibi.unicamp. br/
Epidemic Disease and Financial Development

We study the impact of an epidemic disease on modern financial development by exploiting geographic variations in the precolonial survival conditions of the TseTse fly, which transmits an epidemic disease that is harmful to humans and fatal to livestock in Africa. We find that firms and households in regions historically more exposed to the epidemic disease have less access to external financing today. Exploring the channels, we find that people in historically infested regions are less likely to trust others and financial institutions, to share credit information and to learn and adopt new financial technologies.
Comparative Assessment of Physicochemical Characteristics, Metal Levels and Anion Contents of Water from Different Aquatic Environments in Ebonyi State

The aim of the study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics, metal levels and anion content of water samples collected from Abakaliki, Ebonyi and Ikwo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A total of 736 water samples, comprising of 215, 111, 144, 117 and 149 from boreholes, ponds, rivers, streams and wells respectively, were collected from three local governments areas (Abakaliki, Ebonyi and ikwo) of Ebonyi State over a period of eight (8) months. Samples were analysed for physicochemical, metal, anion and microbiological characteristics using standard scientific procedures. Results revealed varying ranges in alkalinity (140.60 ± 0.20 - 368.50 -1 ), chlorides (40.00 ± 0.01 - 265.00 ± 0.00mg/L), nitrates (11.86 ± 0.16 - 65.00 ± 0.02mg/L) and phosphates (0.08 ± 0.08 - 16.00 ± 0.00mg/L). In conclusion, this investigation revealed that the levels of physicochemical parameters in the water samples were beyond NSDWQ and who recommended limits signifying a potential problem for human and animal health. It is imperative to monitor the quality of water and strict quality control measures should be strengthened to ensure the effective treatment of drinking water. Educative programmes should be organized by researchers, and government agencies to enlighten the villagers on the proper use of water and the potential dangers associated with human consumption of contaminated water.
SODIUM AT THE A SITE IN CLINOAMPHIBOLES: THE EFFECTS OF COMPOSITION ON PATTERNS OF ORDER

The crystal structues of 12 amphiboles with Na at the A site have been refined to R indices of -1.57o using single-crystal MoKo X-ray data. Site populations were assigned from the refined site-scatlering values and results of electron-microprobe analysis. Of pdmar/ interest is the variation in ordering of Na at the A site as a function of composition and site populations in the rest of the structure. Higb-resolution data were collected with Ag radiation for one crystal, but the results were not materially different from refinements with normal-resolution data collected with Mo radiation. High conelations among parameters and convergence at false minima prevented derivation of reliable partitioning of the A-site cations befween the A(rra) and A(2) sites; thus, tlle character of the electron density in the A cavity was examined with difference-Fourier maps calculated with the A cations omitted from the structural model. The variation in electron-density distnbution at the A site can be rationalize ir(a)Ca_o(3)OH_ia(2)Na > M(a la_o(3)OH-a(rNa >> M(qCe-.o(3)F-A(n)Na = l/(4)6u-o(:)Fj(z)Na. this sequence can be understood in terms of local bond-valence requirements within the amphibole structure.
Effect of Potassium Application on Transformation of Soil Potassium in Different Soils

To study the effect of potassium fertilizer on transformation of soil potassium in yellow - brown soil, lateritic red soil and black soil after planting tobacco and wheat, pot culture experiment was carried out. The results showed that:the total quantity of available potassium and slowly available potassium K content in leaves were increased when the applied K was increased from 0 to 0.8 g kg-1 and they both exceeded the increased quantity of supplied fertilizer. The finding showed applied potassium promoted the release of other potassium.
A One year prospective study of Ectopic Pregnancies in a Tertiary Medical College Situated in rural area of Tamil Nadu

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is an obstetric emergency which can cost a life if timely intervention is missed. It is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in first trimester. The aim of this study is to analyse the risk factors, clinical profile, management and outcome of ectopic pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Chidambaram over a period of one year from July 2019 to June 2020 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. In the study, 76 patients with ectopic pregnancy were observed for various risk factors, clinical profile, appropriate management done and outcome studied. Results: In my study, the incidence of ectopic pregnancies was found to be 1.26 percentage of total deliveries. In my study, risk factors like pelvic inflammatory diseases was seen in 15 patients (19.7%), treatment for subfertility (ovulation induction) was seen in 9 patients (11.8%), history of previous abortions was seen in 24 patients (31.6%), history of previous ectopic pregnancy was seen in 6 patients (7.9%), history of PPIUCD in 2 patients (2.6%), history of Tubectomy was seen in 11 patients (14.5%), history of previous caesarean section in 37patients (28.12%). The most common presenting complaint was lower abdominal pain seen in 90.8% of patients. Lower abdomen tenderness was present in three fourth of the study population. Cervical motion tenderness was present in 82.9% of patients. Medical management with methotrexate was done in 10 patients and the remaining patients were managed surgically. The most common site of ectopic pregnancy was ampulla 64.2%. The most common procedure done was partial salpingectomy in 76.1%. There was no mortality in the study. Conclusions: The chance of ectopic pregnancy is high in the presence of risk factors. Patients with ectopic pregnancy most commonly present with lower abdomen pain and amenorrhoea. Lower abdomen tenderness and cervical motion tenderness were the most common examination findings. Ampulla was the most common site of ectopic pregnancy. The success rate of medical management with methotrexate was found to be 90%.
Bacterial Concrete: A Sustainable Building Material with Advantageous Properties

Bacterial concrete is concrete in which bacteria are embedded and is a material which exploits the metabolic functions of these specially selected bacteria, genus Bacillus. The bacteria are amalgamated within clay pellets along with the nutrient calcium lactate. When the concrete around the pellet cracks, the pellets break, and the bacteria metabolise the calcium lactate to produce insoluble calcium carbonate, filling cracks up to ~2 mm wide. The addition of the clay pellets and the bacteria to the concrete improves its compressive and tensile strengths, making it better suited for applications where the concrete must endure severe stress. Consequently, the modulus of toughness is improved, though the extent of the improvement depends on the grade of concrete used. Bacterial concrete is industrially advantageous as its low coefficient of permeability and high acid durability factor makes it less prone to corrosion and less likely to require extensive repairs. This is ideal for structures that are difficult or expensive to maintain as well as for use in motorways that endure corrosion from salt used in de-icing. This review will focus on the properties of bacterial concrete and its industrial use. It reveals that despite higher initial costs, the enhanced properties of bacterial concrete compared to conventional concrete, makes it a more sustainable material in the long run with an overall benefit to global carbon emissions.
Antibacterial Activity of Amino Acid-Modified Cationic Dendrimers Loaded with a Mixture of Two Triterpenoid Acids

: Searching for new devices capable to counteract the growing bacterial resistance, we reported the remarkable antimicrobial activity against several Gram-negative species of cationic dendrimers (CD), modified with lysine and histidine, also establishing that their cationic character, due to the lysine content, is essential for their potency. To develop new antibacterial agents, possibly active against Gram-positive species, cationic dendrimer complexes containing arginine and lysine, and trapping ursolic and oleanolic acids (UOACDs), two natural triterpenoids known for their activity against Gram-positive bacteria, were considered here as excellent candidates. Three selected UOACDs were tested unsuccessfully against Gram-negative strains, but successfully against 12 Gram-positive clinical isolates. The preliminary results obtained, in terms of MIC values, established that the antibacterial activity observed for UOACDs strongly depended on the number of cationic groups and the type of peripheral amino acids present in the CDs, and was attributable only to CDs and not to the presence and release of UOA. Lysine was critical for potency, while arginine redirected activity against Gram-positive species. A high cationic character, associated with the balanced content of lysine/arginine, produced a remarkable antimicrobial effect (MIC = 0.5–8.7 µM). More indepth investigations are underway to better characterize the activity of the developed argininecontaining CDs.
Structure of ionic liquids with cationic silicon-substitutions

Significantly lower viscosities result when a single alkyl carbon is replaced by a silicon atom on the side chain of an ionic liquid cation. To further explore this effect, we compare liquid structure factors measured using high-energy X-ray scattering and calculated using molecular dynamics simulations. Four ionic liquids are studied that each has a common anion, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (NTf2−). The four cations for this series of NTf2−-anion ionic liquids are 1-methyl-3-trimethylsilylmethylimidazolium (Si-mim+), 1-methyl-3-neopentylimidazolium (C-mim+), 1-methyl-3-pentamethyldisiloxymethylimidazolium (SiOSi-mim+), and 1-methyl-1-trimethylsilylmethylpyrrolidinium (Si-pyrr+). To achieve quantitative agreement between the structure factors measured using high-energy X-ray scattering and molecular dynamics simulations, new transferable parameters for silicon were calibrated and added to the existing force fields.
WHEN THE OBLIGATION TO BE NEUTRAL BECOMES THE RIGHT TO DISCRIMINATE: DISCURSIVE STRUGGLES OVER LGBT+ RIGHTS AT POLISH UNIVERSITIES

ABSTRACT In this article, we discuss the narratives of struggle, resistance, and counter-resistance over the rights of the LGBT+ community at several Polish universities, which remain unnamed in order to protect our informants. In particular, we look at the discourses of LGBT+ groups struggling to establish or maintain organizations of various forms (from students’ study circles to union-like institutions) within the context of internal university structure, Polish academic culture and current political developments in the country. This research draws on semi-structured in-depth interviews we conducted in the spring and summer of 2020. In our analyses of the interview material, we apply a multidisciplinary methodological framework combining CDA and narrative inquiry in order to examine linguistic phenomena participating in constructing a particular version of reality through text in talk. Such research design enables us to offer a case study of the difficulties and obstacles faced by LGBT+ activists in the Polish academia the way they understand them, and of the resistance strategies they employ in this particular context. Our research shows a wide range of resistance strategies employed by the LGBT+ community members that can be classified according to the scale of discriminatory practices they form a response to (systemic/individual discrimination) and the type of the response itself (group/individual response). On the basis of the discussed examples, our article offers an interagentive matrix of strategies of addressing LGBT+ issues emerging within the Polish academic context.
Effect of Mixing Temperature, Ultrasonication Duration and Nanoparticles/Surfactant Concentration on the Dispersion Performance of Al2O3 Nanolubricants

The main goal of this study is to improve the dispersion stability of Al2O3 nanoparticles in polyalphaolefin oil to overcome the sedimentation problem of nanoparticles using the addition of oleic acid as a surfactant. This work investigates the effect of the settling time, temperature, ultrasonic duration and nanoparticles/surfactant (oleic acid) concentration on the dispersion stability of Al2O3 nanoparticles in oil-based solutions. Herein, the visual observation, UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were used to evaluate the dispersion stability of the Al2O3 nanoparticles. The results reveal that the thermal method during the synthesis of nanofluids using 50 °C temperature improves the dispersion of nanoparticles. The results also exhibited that increasing the ultrasonic amplitude and prolonging the ultrasonic time during the synthesis of nanofluids influences the dispersion stability. The results showed that the nanolubricant with 0.8 wt. % oleic acid provides better dispersion behavior. Furthermore, the nanolubricants containing 0.005wt% and 0.01wt% Al2O3 nanoparticles demonstrated outstanding dispersion performance, and the stability time reached more than 160 days.