Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Corneal Endothelium Following Cataract Surgery in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of phacoemulsification cataract surgery on the state of the corneal endothelium in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients. We compared the corneal cell morphology in 48 diabetics with good glycemic control and 72 non-diabetic patients before and after uneventful phacoemulsification. Corneal cell density, central corneal thickness, and hexagonality were measured preoperatively and post-surgery (at 1 and 4 weeks) by specular microscopy. The effect of age, gender, axial length, and anterior chamber depth on the parameters of the corneal endothelium were evaluated. We noticed a drop in the endothelial density in both groups postoperatively: a mean endothelial cell loss of 472.7 ± 369.1 in the diabetic group was recorded versus 165.7 ± 214.6 mean loss in the non-diabetic group after the first week. A significant increase in central corneal thickness was also noticed in both groups one week after phacoemulsification, but no statistical significance after 4 weeks in the diabetic group. In terms of cell hexagonality, statistically significant differences were noticed after 4 weeks in both groups. Overall, a significant difference between diabetic and non-diabetic population was noticed in terms of corneal endothelial cell loss after uneventful phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Routine specular microscopy and HbA1c evaluation is recommended before cataract surgery, while intraoperative precautions and high monitorisation in terms of pacho power intensity and ultrasound energy, along with a proper application of the dispersive viscoelastic substances are essential to reduce the risk of endothelial damage.
Tropical Cyclone Eline and its unusual penetration and impacts over the southern African mainland

Abstract February–March 2000 saw devastating floods in Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and South Africa. Due to the huge damage and loss of life, global media attention was extensive. Less well known is that one of the weather systems that contributed to these floods (ex-Tropical Cyclone Eline) tracked almost 2000 km across southern Africa toward the cool southeast Atlantic and led to substantial rainfall over arid to semiarid southern Namibia (over two standard deviations above average for these two months and the wettest summer since 1976). Less than 5% of southwest Indian Ocean tropical cyclones actually make landfall on the east coast of southern Africa and even fewer significantly penetrate into the interior, because of the relatively dry 1–1.5-km-high interior plateau that covers most of the region. It is argued that the precursor synoptic conditions together with large-scale circulation and SST anomalies over the Indian Ocean associated with a strengthening La Nina were highly favorable for this unusual evol.
Workplace incivility to predict employee silence: Mediating and moderating roles of job embeddedness and power distance

Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate whether workplace incivility explains the phenomenon of employee silence behavior in the hospitality sector and how job embeddedness and power distance mediate and moderate this relationship. Data were collected from 359 frontline staff at several hotels and restaurants in Jakarta, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using moderating mediation procedures using the Macro Process. Workplace incivility was negatively related to job embeddedness and positively to employee silence behavior. Job embeddedness was positively associated with employee silence and mediates the relationship between workplace incivility and employee silence. Finally, power distance is directly related to employee silence and moderates the relationship between workplace incivility and employee silence. Hence, the relationship between workplace incivility and employee silence was stronger among employees who perceived higher power distance. The results of this study could be used to guide the management of the hospitality industry. In particular, disrespectful treatment from seniors or supervisors perceived by employees triggers a decrease in job embeddedness and increases silent behavior. Management needs to implement several policies to prevent uncivil actions in the workplace. Moreover, the present study suggests that organizational managers applied special incentives for employees to actively share their information, ideas, and opinions to stimulate employee voice.
Research Trends in the Field of Emergency Remote Teaching: A Bibliometric Analysis of Open Access Literature

Throughout the period of pandemic, many studies have been conducted on emergency remote teaching (ERT) in different fields and from different perspectives, which reveal that there has been a lack of a comprehensive map showing the rapid and continuous responses of these studies to the process. The purpose of this research is to analyze open access research on ERT using bibliometric method, and to reveal current trends in this field. VOSviewer software was used for data analysis; the data collection process was shaped using the PRISMA framework. 238 studies were included in the analysis. The distribution of the open access studies analyzed in the field of emergency remote teaching by year, type of publication, subject, country, and sources was examined; citation analysis (by journal and publication), authorship patterns and collaboration, common word analyses are included. It was found out that these open access publications mainly consisted of journal articles and were dated 2020 and 2021; most of the publications were in the field of educational sciences. Based on common word analysis, the most important topics that are addressed in studies on the ERT process are the process of pandemic, distance education and higher education, while the challenges experienced regarding teachers and pedagogic issues during the process, teacher education, student-related characteristics (such as self-regulated learning-motivation-academic success) and participation are found to be frequently studied topics. The concepts of instructional design, collaborative learning, social presence, and assessment are also among the topics covered. It is anticipated that the implications for policy and practice based on the examination of research trends will have a significant effect on the structuring of future online learning environments, as well as the ERT designed for emergencies.
Nurses' knowledge and use of the nursing process in two major hospitals in Fako, Cameroon

Background & Aim: Although the nursing process can help ensure the quality of nursing care, some nurses do not implement it in patient care. This study assessed nurses' knowledge and use of the nursing process in two major hospitals in Fako. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional design with a purposive sample of 101 nurses was used. In addition, 310 randomly selected files of hospitalized patients were examined for the presence and effective use of a nursing care plan. A questionnaire was used to collect data on knowledge and use of the nursing process among nurses, while a checklist was used to audit hospital files for adequate use of the nursing care plan. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, with the aid of SPSS version 20, with all statistics at Alpha=0.05. Results: The majority (85.1%) of participants had a mean knowledge score of 8.5/10 (1.06). There was a statistically significant association between nurses' knowledge and gender (χ2=17.998, P=0.003), age group (χ2=49.809, P=0.000), qualification (χ2=65.989, P=0.003) and duration of work experience (χ2=28.158, P=0.021). Most nurses (62.6%) reported using the nursing process only sometimes during patient care. There was a statistically significant association between nurses' age (χ2=9.723, P=0.049), qualification (χ2=34.67, P=0.000), and use of the nursing process. Only 42 files had a complete nursing care plan. Increased workload and nursing shortages were found to hinder the use of the nursing process. Conclusion: Nurses had good knowledge of the nursing process but did not effectively use it. Thus, the quality of care received by patients in these hospitals is questionable. Strategies to improve the use of the nursing process are needed for effective nursing care.
Applications of the Golden Ratio on Riemannian Manifolds

The Golden Ratio is a fascinating topic that continually generates new ideas. The main purpose of the present paper is to point out and find some applications of the Golden Ratio and of Fibonacci numbers in Differential Geometry. We study a structure defined on a class of Riemannian manifolds, called by us a Golden Structure. A Riemannian manifold endowed with a Golden Structure will be called a Golden Riemannian manifold. Precisely, we say that an (1,1)-tensor field P on a m-dimensional Riemannian manifold ( M, g ) is a Golden Structure if it satisfies the equation P 2 = P + I (which is similar to that satisfied by the Golden Ratio φ )w hereI stands for the (1,1) identity tensor field. First, we establish several properties of the Golden Structure. Then we show that a Golden Structure induces on every invariant submanifold a Golden Structure, too. This fact is illustrated on a product of spheres in an Euclidean space.
The current fertilizer regimes cause phosphorus deficit in paddy soils and decreased rice phosphorus uptake: a study in Shanghai, China

Excessive phosphorus (P) fertilization in intensive rice‐cultivation areas in China has caused serious environmental problems. However, relatively little research has been done on investigating the soil P balance in rice production systems based on different fertilizer regimes. Our study investigated the dynamic variation of soil P balance and rice P use efficiency and productivity from 2014 to 2018 in the paddy fields under synthetic fertilizer (CF) and manure application (OF) regimes based on the practices of local farmers. Flooding water on the paddy fields tends to cause P loss via runoff and leaching. A lysimeter system was used to monitor P loss from paddy fields, which overcame the limitations of real‐time monitoring discharge volume and sample‐collection. The results with relatively higher rainfall intensity in 2014 and 2015, in total, 4.69 kg P ha−1 under CF and 8.39 kg P ha−1 under OF were lost via runoff in 2014, with 13.6 kg P ha−1 under CF and 17.8 kg P ha−1 under OF in 2015, whereas from 2015 to 2018, no more than 5 kg P ha−1 was lost in CF or OF via runoff. Leaching showed a similar, varying trend for both CF and OF. Furthermore, during the 5 years, a continuous soil P deficit was observed, except in 2017 and 2018 for CF and 2018 for OF. The net P retention ranged from −15.31 to 6.2 kg ha−1 for CF and from −23.65 to 2.64 kg ha−1 for OF. The continuous P deficit in paddy soils might have reduced soil P storage. These huge P losses undermined rice yield production. In parallel, after 2014, the grain yield decreased from 10,885.7 in 2014 to 6266.7 kg ha−1 in 2017 under CF and from 10,607.6 to 6649.6 kg ha−1 under OF. Overall, these results reveal a risk of declining P storage in paddy soils and a potential menace on food safety under the current fertilizer management, suggesting that novel fertilizer strategies need to be developed for reserving P storage in paddy fields.
Cell-type-specific densities in mouse somatosensory cortex derived from scRNA-seq and in situ RNA hybridization

Cells in the mammalian cerebral cortex exhibit layer-dependent patterns in their distribution. Classical methods of determining cell type distributions typically employ a painstaking process of large-scale sampling and characterization of cellular composition. We found that by combining in situ hybridization (ISH) images with cell-type-specific transcriptomes, position-dependent cortical composition in P56 mouse could be estimated in the somatosensory cortex. The method uses ISH images from the Allen Institute for Brain Science. There are two novel aspects of the methodology. First, it is not necessary to select a subset of genes that are particular for a cell type of interest, nor is it necessary to only use ISH images with low variability among samples. Second, the method also compensated for differences in soma size and incompleteness of the transcriptomes. The soma size compensation is particularly important in order to obtain quantitative estimates since relying on bulk expression alone would overestimate the contribution of larger cells. Predicted distributions of broader classes of cell types agreed with literature distributions. The primary result is that there is a high degree of substructure in the distribution of transcriptomic types beyond the resolution of layers. Furthermore, transcriptomic cell types each exhibited characteristic soma size distributions. Results suggest that the method could also be employed to assign transcriptomic cell types to well-aligned image sets in the entire brain.
Immunotherapy Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

The advent of immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized antitumor therapy. Programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are among the most promising targets for encouraging the immune system to eliminate cancer cells. PD-1/PD-L1 have made clinical remission for numerous solid tumors, including metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In recent years, integrating PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors into existing treatments in early-stage TNBC has attracted wide attention. Herein, we summarize the clinical benefit of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and targeted therapy in early-stage TNBC. Possible immunotherapy biomarkers, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and the key challenges faced in TNBC anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy are also concluded. Numerous studies on immunotherapy are ongoing, and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have demonstrated great clinical prospects in early-stage TNBC. To maximize the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, further research into the challenges which still exist is necessary.
Assessment of local and systemic signature of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in children through multi-omics approaches

Background Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic food allergic disorder limited to oesophageal mucosa whose pathogenesis is still only partially understood. Moreover, its diagnosis and follow-up need repeated endoscopies due to absence of non-invasive validated biomarkers. In the present study, we aimed to deeply describe local immunological and molecular components of EoE in well-phenotyped children, and to identify potential circulating EoE-biomarkers. Methods Blood and oesophageal biopsies were collected simultaneously from French children with EoE (n=17) and from control subjects (n=15). Untargeted transcriptomics analysis was performed on mRNA extracted from biopsies using microarrays. In parallel, we performed a comprehensive analysis of immune components on both cellular and soluble extracts obtained from both biopsies and blood, using flow cytometry. Finally, we performed non-targeted plasma metabolomics using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Uni/multivariate supervised and non-supervised statistical analyses were then conducted to identify significant and discriminant components associated with EoE within local and/or systemic transcriptomics, immunologic and metabolomics datasets. As a proof of concept, we conducted multi-omics data integration to identify a plasmatic signature of EoE. Results French children with EoE shared the same transcriptomic signature as US patients. Network visualization of differentially expressed (DE) genes highlighted the major dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune processes, but also of pathways involved in epithelial cells and barrier functions, and in perception of chemical stimuli. Immune analysis of biopsies highlighted EoE is associated with dysregulation of both type (T) 1, T2 and T3 innate and adaptive immunity, in a highly inflammatory milieu. Although an immune signature of EoE was found in blood, untargeted metabolomics more efficiently discriminated children with EoE from control subjects, with dysregulation of vitamin B6 and various amino acids metabolisms. Multi-blocks integration suggested that an EoE plasma signature may be identified by combining metabolomics and cytokines datasets. Conclusions Our study strengthens the evidence that EoE results from alterations of the oesophageal epithelium associated with altered immune responses far beyond a simplistic T2 dysregulation. As a proof of concept, combining metabolomics and cytokines data may provide a set of potential plasma biomarkers for EoE diagnosis, which needs to be confirmed on a larger and independent cohort.
Knowledge and Practice of Burn Management Among Physicians Using Burn Manikin in Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background Burn is a skin injury that results in the death of the impacted cells. Burn injuries are frequently unintentional and very avoidable. With proper management, the outcome is improved, and the need for surgical intervention is reduced. This article discusses healthcare providers' knowledge and practice of burn first aid and management to highlight the need for the enhanced practice of burn management and first-aid skills. Objective This study aims to assess the knowledge and practice of burn injuries management among healthcare workers in different specialties in Hail city. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted via an interviewer-administrated face-to-face questionnaire and video recording of a simulated case of burn injury collected from our skill lab at Hail University and evaluated by a board-certified plastic surgeon. Result The study analyzed 119 physicians (mean age = 36.3 years, SD = 6.7) managing burn cases. Of these, 59.7% were male, and 40.3% were female. The mean evaluation score was 7.71 (SD = 2.84). None of the factors studied, including gender (p = 0.353), age (p = 0.970), education level (p = 0.127), specialty (p = 0.871), professional experience (p = 0.118), working sector (p = 0.178), nationality (p = 0.742), or participation in burn management course (p = 0.131), had a significant effect on burn management skills of physicians. However, some groups had higher mean evaluation scores than others. Further research is needed to explore potential reasons for the observed differences in mean evaluation scores among different groups of physicians. Conclusion We discovered that most physicians were found to have poor practical knowledge of proper burn management, and most of them had not engaged in a burn first aid training, therefore more courses targeting physicians who may meet burn patients are required.
Cognitive Dysfunction, an Increasingly Valued Long-Term Impairment in Acromegaly

Acromegaly is a chronic disease caused by the overproduction of growth hormone (GH) and accompanying insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which is often caused by GH-secreting pituitary adenomas. In addition to its somatic burden, a growing number of studies have found that patients suffering from acromegaly exhibit psychosocial and personality changes. Over the past 70 years, there has been increasing interest in the cognitive impairment and neuropsychological issues of patients with acromegaly, and a variety of neuropsychological and neurophysiological tests have been used to measure cognitive changes in patients. The impact of disease progression status, treatment modalities, and various comorbidities on cognitive function and the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in patients with acromegaly are therefore outlined in this review. Multidisciplinary assessment has important implications for the management of acromegaly, particularly in relation to cognitive function. Here, we summarize the relevant literature concerning cognitive-behavioral research on acromegaly to demonstrate the impact of long-term impairment caused by GH and IGF-1 on the cognitive behavior of patients.
Three‐dimensional computation for flow‐induced vibrations in in‐line and cross‐flow directions of a circular cylinder

We present numerical results for in‐line and cross‐flow vibrations of a circular cylinder, which is immersed in a uniform flow and is elastically supported by damper‐spring systems to compute vibrations of a rigid cylinder. In the case of a circular cylinder with a low Scruton number, it is well‐known that two types of self‐excited vibrations appear in the in‐line direction in the range of low reduced velocities. On the other hand, a cross‐flow vibration of the circular cylinder can be excited in the range of high reduced velocities. Therefore, we compute the flow‐induced vibrations of the circular cylinder in the wide range of the reduced velocities at low and high Scruton numbers and discuss about excitation mechanisms in the in‐line and cross‐flow directions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating Excess Mortality Due to Prostate, Breast, and Uterus Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peru: A Time Series Analysis

During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the deaths in Peru were related to COVID-19; however, cancer deaths have also been exacerbated in the first months of the pandemic. Despite this, excess mortalities of prostate, breast, and uterus cancer are not available by age group and region from January to December 2020. Therefore, we estimated the excess deaths and excess death rates (per 100,000 habitants) due to prostate, breast, and uterus cancer in 25 Peruvian regions. We did a time series analysis. Prostate, breast, and uterus cancer death data for 25 Peruvian regions were retrieved during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, as well as data for up to 3 years prior (2017–2019) from the Sistema Informatico Nacional de Defunciones at the Ministry of Health of Peru. Deaths in 2020 were defined as observed deaths. The expected deaths (in 2020) were estimated using the average deaths over 3 preceding years (2017, 2018 and 2019). Excess mortality was calculated as the difference between observed mortality and expected mortality in 2020. We estimated that the number of excess deaths and the excess death rates due to prostate, breast, and uterus cancer were 610 deaths (55%; 12.8 deaths per 100,000 men), 443 deaths (43%; 6 deaths per 100,000 women), and 154 deaths (25%; 2 deaths per 100,000 women), respectively. Excess numbers of deaths and excess death rates due to prostate and breast cancer increased with age. These excess deaths were higher in men aged ≥ 80 years (596 deaths (64%) and 150 deaths per 100,000 men) and women aged 70–79 years (229 deaths (58%) and 15 deaths per 100,000 women), respectively. In summary, during the COVID-19 pandemic, there were excess prostate and breast cancer mortalities in 2020 in Peru, while excess uterus cancer mortalities were low. Age-stratified excess death rates for prostate cancer and breast cancer were higher in men ≥ 80 years and in women ≥ 70 years, respectively.