Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Two Different Learning Approach on Oncology Nursing Education

Introduction: : Innovative education activities contribute to the professional development of students. This research is aimed to determine the influence of constructivist learning-based practices on nursing students' knowledge levels of cancer and cancer nursing functions and problem solving ability. Methods: In the study, a quasi- experimental design with pretest-posttest control group was used. The second-grade nursing department students, who had oncology nursing lessons, were included in the study. A total of 81 students were divided into three groups: constructivist methods (n=31), clinical practice (n=21) and control group (n=29). The students in the constructivist approach group had four weeks of constructivist education while the students in the clinical practice group practiced in the oncology clinics. Research data were collected using information form, cancer nursing knowledge test and problem solving inventory. Mean values, Kruskal Wallis Test, and Wilcoxon sign test were used to evaluate the data. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the posttest scores of the groups (KW = 4.79; p≤0.001). A significant difference was found between the knowledge pretest scores and posttest scores of the students in the constructive method group (Z =-4.84; p≤0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in problem solving skills in the posttest scores of the groups (KW = 0.33; p≥0.05). Conclusion: As a result of the research, it was determined that constructivist learning approaches positively affect oncology nursing knowledge test score. It is suggested to use innovative methods in the teaching and learning process of nursing practice.
An Undergraduate Project “For all Seasons”: The pH-Independent Hydrolysis of bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) Carbonate in Aqueous Solvents

We present an interdisciplinary project (physical- and organic chemistry/spectroscopy) on the kinetics of the pH-independent hydrolysis of bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) carbonate in mixtures of water and acetonitrile or dimethoxyethane. In order to increase the students' interest in the project, we used the following constructivist teaching approach: we stated the problem (studying the kinetics of ester hydrolysis), and then challenged the students to define an experimental protocol. The students did the experiment and presented their data, namely the dependence of rate constants and activation parameters on water concentration and temperature. We then linked theory to experiment by discussing the mechanistic use of isosbestic points and activation parameters; the determination of the partial kinetic orders with respect to the reactants (ester and water), and emphasized the question of obtaining quality kinetics data. We suggest this project for science students in general, because the experiment is safe, low-cost, and can be used to teach theory.
Appealing to economic (vs. health) risk may be more effective to fight COVID-19: A multilevel analysis in 24 countries

This paper examines whether compliance with COVID-19 mitigation measures is motivated by wanting to save lives or save the economy (or both), and which implications this carries to fight the pandemic. National representative samples were collected from 24 countries (N=25,435). The main predictors were (i) perceived risk to contract coronavirus, (ii) perceived risk to suffer economic losses due to coronavirus, and (iii) their interaction effect. Individual and country-level variables were added as covariates in multilevel regression models. We examined compliance with various preventive health behaviors and support for strict containment policies. Results show that perceived economic risk consistently predicted mitigation behavior and policy support - and its effects were positive. Perceived health risk had mixed effects. Only two significant interactions between health and economic risk were identified – both positive. These results do not corroborate the view that people engage in health versus economy zero-sum thinking in the fight against COVID-19.
Plug Cell Volume, Main Temperature and the Synthetic Cytokinin 6, Benzyl Aminopurine (BAP) Spray on Lettuce Biomass Accumulation during Nursery at Ambient Temperatures

Although nursery lettuce information is plentiful, the use of exogenous cytokinin (6, benzyl amino purine, BAP) as a plant growth regulator, which would increase vegetable nursery yield has only recent suggested. On the other hand, biomass relationships between plug cell volumes, BAP uses and main temperature during nursery is quite scarce. Our results showed that the growth response of lettuce seedlings during nursery is firstly related to mean air temperature, independently the environmental characteristics of the cultivar tested. From the view of a nursery grower, yield can be optimize when higher plug cell number per tray was used or a BAP spray was applied to limited plug trays (128or 288-cells). One of the novelty result of this work reside in the objective protocol Original Research Article Chertok et al.; JEAI, 42(4): 120-135, 2020; Article no.JEAI. 57182 121 proposed (the marginal root dry weight accumulation rate) to decide the time to transplant. Finally, our results showed that plug purchaser would be change their visual criteria when they buy BAPtreated lettuce for increased field yield.
Water use estimation and growth of container grown tatarian dogwood (Cornus alba L. ‘Sibirica’) and cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L. ‘Novita’)

The pot in pot (PIP) system is a new alternative to container above ground (CAG) cultivation in nurseries. Our study estimates plant water usage of plants in CAG and PIP. Plant species, nursery container type and year effect on morphological parameters (plant size, leaf area, fresh and dry weight), on daily water use (weighed DWU), transpiration of leaves (DT) supplemented with species effect were analysed. Twenty plants grown in 5 L plastic pots of each combination were investigated. For leaf area measurement by AM350 we sampled 30 leaves from each plant. Forty plants were weighed by a digital scale morning and evening on each sampling day. Leaf gas exchange was measured on the same days by using leaf gas exchange analyser. From the two investigated deciduous (tatarian dogwood) and evergreen species (cherry laurel), only the tatarian dogwood showed improved quality in the PIP system (enhanced canopy increment, fresh and dry weight). Significant difference showed the two species in DWU, and in DT. The tatarian dogwood used 626 g day water (194%) compared to the cherry laurel’s 341 g day water use and this ratio was 144% in favor of tatarian dogwood in the next year. We measured higher initial morning weight (IWC) in PIP system. The transpiration measurements on single selected leaves overestimated the real transpiration compared to DWU. The DT of the deciduous tatarian dogwood responses more sensitively to environmental conditions than the evergreen cherry laurel.
DO INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP HAVE DOMINANT ROLES IN ECONOMIC GROWTH? A NEW PERSPECTIVE OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the potential causal link between innovation, entrepreneurship activity, and economic growth in the case of nine developed countries over the time-span ranging between 2001 and 2014. The research goal is to examine if the findings of this paper support the endogenous growth theory. Methodology: This paper has initially explored the stationary properties of the variables. Moreover, the causal links between the variables of interest have been investigated by estimating the panel VAR model (trivariate) employing the GMM framework. This paper also examines the potential causal linkage amid the variables of interest by employing the Granger causality test. Main Findings: Empirical results suggest that economic growth is found to Granger cause innovation and entrepreneurship activity. These findings emphasize the necessity to take both innovation and entrepreneurship while analyzing the determinants of economic growth since these are found to be interconnected and may play a critical role in the growth of the economy. These findings also support the endogenous growth. Applications of this study: Outcome of this paper is expected to provide significant insights for decision-makers to make a necessary effort not only to increase the start-up rates in developed countries but also to reduce the informal sector that is likely to occur as a result of start-ups in developing countries jeopardizing developed countries’ competitiveness. Novelty/Originality of this study: The first contribution of this study to the literature is the examination of cross-sectional dynamics of developed countries’ innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth. Secondly, these results indicate that entrepreneurial activity is a proximate cause and should be modelled as the channel through which innovation contributes to economic growth. Thirdly, the data used in this study are more comprehensive.
Using Psycholinguistic Inquiry and Content Analysis to Investigate Emotions in Memories of Musical Experiences

Psycholinguistic inquiry can provide insight into the way the words people use reflect psychological states, including emotional states. There is limited research on the use of Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software to investigate the psycholinguistic properties of emotional memories related to music. The purpose of this study was to test the extent to which LIWC can be used in the analysis of autobiographical memories related to music. Participants were undergraduates (N = 99) at two large universities in the southeastern United States. Each participant was asked to write about times in their lives when music or experiences with music made them feel positive or negative emotions. The researchers conducted a content analysis of participants’ responses and used LIWC software to quantify emotion words (positive and negative), pronouns, causal thinking words, and insight words. Participants used significantly more positive than negative emotion words to describe positive memories of music, but there was no significant difference between the rates of negative and positive emotion words to describe negative memories of music. The content analysis revealed a similar trend: 51% of participants described mixed, conflicting, or changing emotions when describing negative experiences, whereas descriptions of positive experiences tended to be highly positive. Many participants wrote about social experiences and musical achievement. Results of this study offer insights on how humans describe music-related autobiographical memories. LIWC appears to be a useful tool for method triangulation when performing qualitative analysis of emotions in autobiographical memories of musical experiences.
Regulation of Cardiac Ca2+ Release Channel (Ryanodine Receptor) by Ca2+, H+, Mg2+, and Adenine Nucleotides Under Normal and Simulated Ischemic Conditions

In myocardial ischemia, pHi and [ATP] fall, whereas the free [Ca2+] and [Mg2+] rise. The effects of these changes on cardiac Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) activity were investigated in [3H]ryanodine binding and single-channel measurements, using isolated membrane and purified channel preparations. In the absence of the two channel ligands Mg2+ and ATP, cardiac Ca2+ release channels were half-maximally activated at pH 7.4 by ≈4 μmol/L cytosolic Ca2+ and half-maximally inhibited by ≈9 mmol/L cytosolic Ca2+. Regulation of channel activity by Ca2+ was modulated by Mg2+ and ATP. Single-channel activities were more sensitive to a change of cytosolic pH than SR lumenal pH. Reduction in lumenal and/or cytosolic pH from 7.3 to 6.5 and 6.0 resulted in decreased single-channel activities without a change in single-channel conductance. [3H]Ryanodine binding measurements also indicated that acidosis impairs cardiac Ca2+ release channel activity. Mg2+ and adenine nucleotide concentrations regulated the exte.
Interactions of arthropod predators and Cry1Ac-transgenic cotton

The abundance of canopyand ground-dwelling predators was monitored in three pairs of commercial Btand non-Bt cotton fields (5 to 15 ha) during three successive seasons using three sampling methods: bagged whole plants, drop cloth samples, and pitfall traps. Drop cloth and pitfall samples were taken weekly and whole plant samples at 10-d intervals throughout each growing season. Insecticides were applied to manage pests when economic thresholds were exceeded in both cotton types. Of 1518 possible date-by-date orthogonal contrasts used to evaluate abundance of immature and adult predators, univariate analysis of variance generated 25 contrasts in favor of non-Bt and 15 contrasts in favor of Bt-cotton. When data from all three seasons were pooled, only 11 contrasts out of 228 were significant, with one in favor of Bt (Nabis spp.) and 10 in favor of non-Bt cotton [Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville and Geocoris uliginosus (Say)]. H. convergenes was responsible for eight out of 10 contrasts in favor of non-Bt cotton as a result of competition relief caused by insecticide use in non-Bt cotton fields. Analyses of predator community dynamics using principal response curves showed that the abundance of ground-dwelling predators was not affected by cotton type, while abundance of canopy predators varied across seasons with no particular trend for either cotton type. The abundance of predators in the cotton fields for 3 yrs with standard grower practices failed to demonstrate any negative impact of Bt-cotton on predator populations.
Assessment of Stocking Rate and Housing System on Performance, Carcass Traits, Blood Indices, and Meat Quality of French Pekin Ducks

Commercial practice in poultry production management has been susceptible to increased problems, driven by concerns about safety of food and animal welfare. Thus, the main proposal of the present study was to evaluate the influence of different stocking densities on performance, blood, and carcass traits of Pekin ducklings reared on two different floor types (wood shaving litter, WSL or plastic slatted floor, PLS). A total of 450 one-day-old ducklings were randomly allocated into six equal experimental groups stocking density (nine, 15 and 21 birds/m 2 during the first 14 d and three, five and seven birds/m 2 until 49 days) reared on two floor types (WSL and PLS), five replicate pens each. Increased stocking density reduced body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) values and increased feed intake (FI) in both floor types at 14 days old. At 49 days old, reared ducklings on PLS type verified higher BW and WG and reduced FCR values. Moreover, increasing stocking density in both floor types significantly reduced the breast, thigh, and left fillet percentages. Conversely, reared birds floored on PLS system decreased the triglycerides (TG) and increased the total cholesterol (TC) serum content. Furthermore, the meat contents of TG and TC were decreased in birds reared on higher stocking density but not affected by floor type. Further, serum antioxidant indices were reduced in PLS birds on low stocking densities. In conclusion, housing Pekin ducklings on PLS improved their growth performance, carcass traits, meat cholesterol, and antioxidant status, particularly at stocking density of three and five birds/m 2 .
On Structural Properties of Magnetosome Chains

Magnetotactic bacteria possess an intracellular structure called the magnetosome chain. Magnetosome chains contain nano−particles of iron crystals enclosed by a membrane and aligned on a cytoskeletal filament. Due to the presence of the magnetosome chains, magnetotactic bacteria are able to orient and swim along the magnetic field lines. A detailed study of structural properties of magnetosome chains in magnetotactic bacteria has primary scientific interests. It can provide more insight into the formation of the cytoskeleton in bacteria. In this thesis, we develop a new framework to study the structural properties of magnetosome chains in magnetotactic bacteria. First, we address the bending stiffness of magnetosome chains resulting from two main contributions: the magnetic interactions of magnetosome particles and the bending stiffness of the cytoskeletal filament to which the magnetosomes are anchored. Our analysis indicates that the linear configuration of magnetosome particles without the stabilisation to the cytoskeleton may close to ring-like structures, with no net magnetic moment, which thus can not perform as a compass in cellular navigation. As a result we think that one of the roles of the filament is to stabilize the linear configuration against ring closure. We then investigate the equilibrium configurations of magnetosome particles including linear chain and closed−ring structures. We notably observe that for the formation of a stable linear structure on the cytoskeletal filament, presence of a binding energy is needed. In the presence of external stimuli the stability of the magnetosome chain is due to the internal dipole−dipole interactions, the stiffness and the binding energy of the protein structure connecting the magnetosome particles to the filament. Our observations, during and after the treatment of the magnetosome chain with the external magnetic field substantiates the stabilisation of magnetosome chains to the cytoskeletal filament by proteinous linkers and the dynamic feature of these structures. Finally, we employ our model to study the FMR spectra of magnetosome chains in a single cell of magnetotactic bacteria. We explore the effect of magnetocrystalline anisotropy in three-fold symmetry observed in FMR spectra and the peculiarity of different spectra arisen from different mutants of these bacteria.
Risks associated to different methods of increasing pregnancy rate of cows in cow-calf systems

ABSTRACT This study assessed the risks of different management practices to increase pregnancy rate in beef cow-calf systems, aiming at assisting decision-making. The perception of 18 experts on animal sciences regarding the risks of 32 nutritional, breeding, and general management practices applied to increase pregnancy rate were evaluated through questionnaires. The experts were selected by a non-probability sampling of researchers on veterinary and animal sciences. In addition, five farmers and eight technical consultants were also selected. The questionnaire was applied [. ]
Management of small irrigation tank cascade systems (STCS) in Sri Lanka: past, present and future

ABSTRACT Small water storages are recognized as a key invention that facilitated the colonization of the dry zone of Sri Lanka. These small reservoirs, referred to as ‘tanks’, were initially constructed to collect the local runoff and this practice gradually evolved into the construction of larger tanks. Originally tanks were primarily managed by local communities to suit their livelihoods, often as linked Small Tank Cascade Systems (STCS). During the British colonial period, community-led management structures were disregarded and largely disbanded as government converted the governance of larger water storages into centrally managed structures. Since independence, the management of STCS has passed through various government agencies. This paper describes the management of STCS through history and identifies major issues in the current governance model and the challenges and opportunities associated with renewed interest in STCS to support adaptation to climate change. We conclude that contemporary challenges in using STCS for climate adaptation result from past inadequacies in the governance of this water resource.
Nutritional Value of Date Fruits and Potential Use in Nutritional Bars for Athletes

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of the oldest primary staple crops in Southwest Asia and North Africa. Date palms are also grown in Australia, Mexico, South America, Southern Africa, and the United States, especially in Southern California, Arizona, and Texas. Date fruit is a high nutritional value food that is rich in carbohydrates, dietary fibers, proteins, minerals and vitamin B complex such as thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic (B5), pyridoxine (B6), and folate (B9). Carbohydrates comprise 70% of date fruit mainly as fructose and glucose. Minerals in date fruits are calcium, iron, magnesium, selenium, copper, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, sulfur, cobalt, fluorine, and manganese. Date fruits are highly nourishing and may thus confer numerous potential health benefits. In recent years, a huge interest in the abundant health promoting properties of date fruits has led to the need to develop new food products using dates as a source of nutrients. Thus, the aim of this paper is to review the nutritional value of date fruits in the context of the potential use of dates in nutrition bars for athletes.
Development of a Method for Determining the Wear of Artillery Barrels by Acoustic Fields of Shots

A possibility of assessing the level of wear of artillery barrels by acoustic fields of shots was studied. Despite the importance of knowledge on the current barrel state, existing methods of wear assessment are not sufficiently prompt. These methods give rather rough estimates of wear or require expensive equipment. Unlike the known methods, the method proposed in the article is prompt, does not require large expenses, can be combined with a training firing, and is easily automated. Characteristics of the shock and muzzle waves generated by a gunshot were studied and differences in their parameters for barrels without wear and those with a critical wear level were shown. Initial shell velocity serves as a criterion indicator of wear. It was shown that according to the acoustic characteristics, a shot from the barrel having any degree of wear is equivalent to a shot from a gun of a smaller caliber. A computational experiment was conducted on real acoustic signals recorded during the firing of a 155 mm howitzer. Informative attributes of acoustic signals from shots were selected. They make it possible to automatically classify barrels into two classes: barrels suitable for use and barrels with wear exceeding the critical level. It was shown that the application of the support vector method (SVM) makes it possible to confidently classify barrels by the level of their wear based on the temporal and spectral attributes of the shock and muzzle waves. A cumulative analysis of spectral characteristics was used in the analysis of acoustic signals from shots. This has a significantly increased likelihood of correct barrel classification. The results are useful for practical use in artillery units in the field conditions. The study results enable the development of an automated system for assessing the barrel condition with high promptness. This ensures sufficient accuracy in assessing the level of barrel wear in the combat practice