Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lithospheric Deformation Due To the 2015 M7.2 Sarez (Pamir) Earthquake Constrained by 5 years of Space Geodetic Observations

The 2015 M7.2 Sarez (Pamir) earthquake occurred at the north‐west margin of the Tibetan Plateau. We use Sentinel‐1 and ALOS‐2 Synthetic Aperture Radar and Global Navigation Satellite System data to investigate coseismic and postseismic deformation due to the Sarez earthquake. Kinematic inversions show that the earthquake ruptured a ∼80 km long, sub‐vertical fault producing the maximum surface offset of 3–4 m on the south‐west and central fault segments. In contrast, the largest postseismic displacements are observed at the north‐east end of the earthquake rupture, predominantly on the west (hanging wall) side of the fault with an average rate of 20–30 mm/yr in the satellite line of sight. We use the derived coseismic and postseismic slip models to investigate mechanisms of time‐dependent relaxation, stress transfer and possible triggering relationships between the Sarez earthquake and a sequence of strong M6+ events that occurred within ∼100 km of the 2015 earthquake. We find that the near‐field postseismic displacements are best explained by shallow afterslip driven by the coseismic stress changes. The data also allow some contribution from poroelastic rebound, but do not show a clear signature of viscoelastic relaxation in the lower crust and upper mantle during the observation period, suggesting a lower bound on the effective viscosity of ∼1019 Pa s. A pair of M6+ events that occurred within 100 km and several months of the 2015 mainshock have experienced near‐zero and in some cases negative static Coulomb stress changes, suggesting either delayed dynamic triggering, or no relation to the mainshock.
FIELD TRIAL OF THE LAVEG LASER DIODE SYSTEM FOR KINEMATIC ANALYSIS IN VARIOUS KINDS OF SPORTS

The newly developed LAVEG laser diode system (LAser VElocity GuardJENOPTLK Technologie GmbH Jena) opens up new prospects of kinematic analysis of one-dimensional acceleration phases in various kinds of sport/events. So the distance-time- and velocity-time-functions which may be of interest as well as individual kinematic parameters of a motion are recorded in ON-LINE mode and available to trainer and sportsman as instant (real-time) information. Contrary to ultra sound techniques it is not necessary to carry along a transmitter/receiver attached to the sportsman/device. Consequently, the whole complexity and expense of the measuring equipment is considerably reduced in comparison with video or film analysis techniques. The measurement principle is based on travel-time measurements of laser pulses (wavelength 904 nm, pulse duration 20 ns, beam divergence 3 mrad) transmitted by a semiconductor laser diode. The laser beam is diffusely reflected at the sportsman/device without using a reflector and then registered by a laser detecting diode inside the LAVEG. The kinematic functions are computed by means of a microcontroller on the basis of individual distance measurements executed with quartz-stabilized counter timing. A sample rate of 50 Hz enables to cover a movement pattern of 30 s duration up to a distance of 200 m in all velocity ranges occurring in sports. Comparative measurements performed in luge sport during the start phase using the system described in this article and the high precision pulse light photogrammetry (GUTEWORT 1978) have revealed a high degree of correspondence of both techniques. Thus, in both measurement techniques the value of the first maximum of the horizontal velocity resulting from the accelerative impact on both sides during the start phase (so called "penguin") IS characterized by a statistically secured identity with a level of significance of < 0. 01 based on (n = 3 1 ). As regards speed measurements, the accuracy of the technique can be indicated with 0.1 mls in the range up to 10 m/s. It is a specific advantage of the system that this measurement accuracy does not depend on the distance between measurement object and measurement device. Up to the moment the system has been applied to advantage for analyzing the start and acceleration phases in athletics as well as in luge and bobsled sports. Within athletics the system was used in sprint as well as for analyzing long jump and triple jump approach phases. In bobsled races the acceleration of the bob was measured on the start-push track considering some aspects of a profound performance diagnosis. LAVEG measurements carried out on specific start-simulation devices proved to be especially useful in luge sport. As a result, the velocity time-functions are available immediately after a training exercise has been finished which facilitates a differentiated evaluation of individual technical performance of movement and the effect of training loads acting upon the locomotor system of a sportsman.
Performance of an ant colony optimisation algorithm in dynamic job shop scheduling problems

The goal of the current study is to identify appropriate application domains of Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO) in the area of dynamic job shop scheduling problem. The algorithm is tested in a shop floor scenario with three levels of machine utilisations, three different processing time distributions, and three different performance measures for intermediate scheduling problems. The steady-state performances of ACO in terms of mean flow time, mean tardiness, total throughput on different experimental environments are compared with those from dispatching rules including first-in-first-out, shortest processing time, and minimum slack time. Two series of experiments are carried out to identify the best ACO strategy and the best performing dispatching rule. Those two approaches are thereafter compared with different variations of processing times. The experimental results show that ACO outperforms other approaches when the machine utilisation or the variation of processing times is not high.
Effect of formalin preservation on studies on morphology and condition factor of the freshwater shark Wallago attu (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) using truss network system

The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of formalin preservatiion on the shape, size and condition factor of the freshwater silurid catfish Wallago attu (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) using length-weight relationship (LWR), condition factor and truss analysis. A total of 50 specimens of the fish were procured from the river Ganga at Kanpur region. The fresh and formalin preserved fish were measured for total length, standard length and body weight. Results of LWR revealed that the fresh and preserved fish followed different growth pattern and cube law. High values of r2 were obtained for the relationship between length and weight of the fish before and after preservation of the fish in formalin. Decrease in length and an increase in weight was observed in the preserved specimens of the fish due to the effect of formalin but were not statistically significant. The mean condition factor (K) showed significant (p<0.05) change in the fish after preservation. The univariate and multivariate analysis of truss measurements, two partially overlapping different convex hulls of the scatter plot of PC1 on PC2 and canonical discriminant functions showed highly significant morphometric heterogeneity between the specimens of fresh and preserved fish. The results of the present study suggest that fresh specimens of the fish should be used in research studies based on weight and linear body measurements of the fish. Keywords: Condition Factor, Formalin, Length-weight relationship, Truss network system
Imaging of point scatterers from step-frequency ISAR data

A high-resolution method for imaging of point scatterers from step-frequency inverse synthetic-aperture radar (ISAR) data is presented. An analysis of the noise sensitivity of the method is provided to show the high performance of the method. Simulation results are given to show the robustness of the method against model errors. >
The impact of board composition and ownership structure on dividend payout policy: evidence from Saudi Arabia

PurposeThis study examines the impact of board composition and ownership structure variables on dividend payout policy in Saudi Arabian firms. In particular, it aims to determine the effect of board size, independence and meeting frequency, in addition to chief executive officer (CEO) duality, and state, institutional, managerial, family, and foreign ownership on both the propensity to pay dividends and dividend per share for Saudi-listed firms over the period 2016–2019.Design/methodology/approachThe paper captures dividend policy with two measures, propensity to pay dividends and dividend per share, and employs a range of regression methods (logistic, probit, ordinary least squares (OLS) and random effects regressions) along with a two-stage least squares (2SLS) model for robustness to account for heteroscedasticity, serial correlation and endogeneity issues. The data set is a large panel of 280 Saudi-listed firms over the period 2016 to 2019.FindingsThe results underline the importance of board composition and the ownership structure in explaining variations in dividend policy across Saudi firms. More specifically, there is a positive relationship between the propensity to pay dividends and board-meeting frequency, institutional ownership, firm profitability and firm age, while the degree of board independence, firm size and leverage exhibit a negative relation. Further, dividend per share is positively related to board meeting frequency, institutional ownership, foreign ownership, firm profitability and age, while it is negatively related to CEO duality, managerial ownership, and firm leverage. There is no evidence that family ownership exerts an impact on dividend payout policy in Saudi firms. The findings of this study support agency, signalling, substitute and outcome theories of dividend policy.Research limitations/implicationsThis study offers an important insight into the board characteristic and ownership structure drivers of dividend policy in the context of an emerging market. Moreover, the study has important implications for firms, managers, investors, policymakers, and regulators in Saudi Arabia.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the existing literature by providing evidence on four board and five ownership characteristic drivers of dividend policy in Saudi Arabia as an emerging stock market, thereby improving on less comprehensive previous studies. The study recommends that investors consider board composition and ownership structure characteristics of firms as key drivers of dividend policy when making stock investment decisions to inform them about the propensity of investee firms to pay dividends and maintain a given dividend policy.
Magnetic fields from electric power lines: theory and comparison to measurements

It is shown that currents and magnetic fields should be described statistically, because load currents fluctuate considerably during the day. The source currents include both the current in all power line conductors and current which flows in the earth. The critical factor in predicting magnetic fields at ground level is the location and magnitude of the return current. Formulas for predicting the magnetic fields of power lines, given a knowledge of the currents in the power line conductors, are given. General characteristics of the magnetic fields near power lines are deduced both from theory and measurements. >
Statistical estimation of container condensation in marine transportation between Far East Asia and Europe

Abstract Condensation inside marine containers occurs during voyages owing to weather changes. In this study, we define the condensation probability along one of the major routes for container ships between Asia and Europe. First, the inside and outside air conditions were measured on land in Japan, and a correlation analysis was conducted to derive their relationship. Second, onboard measurements were conducted for 20,000 twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU) ships to determine the variation in outside air conditions. Complicated patterns of weather change were observed with changes in latitude, sea area, and season. Third, condensation probability was estimated based on a multi-regression analysis with land and onboard measured data. The maximum condensation probability in westbound or eastbound voyages in winter was found to be approximately 50%. The condensation probability estimation method established in this study can contribute to the quantification of cargo damage risks for the planning of marine container transportation voyages.
Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete with Different Replacement Ratios

Compressive strengths of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC) with different recycled aggregates(RA) replacement ratios at 7d, 28d, 60d ages are investigated respectively. Failure process and failure mode of RAC are analyzed, influences on compressive strength with same mix ratio and different RA replacement ratios are analyzed, and the reason is investigated in this paper. The experimental results indicate that compressive strength of recycled concrete at 28d age can reach the standard generally, it is feasible to mix concrete with recycled aggregates, compressive strength with 50% replacement ratio is relatively high.
Evaluating the Determinants of Customers’ Mobile Grocery Shopping Application (MGSA) Adoption during COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract The study aims at determining the predictors of mobile grocery shopping applications (MGSAs) acceptance and their impact on behavioral intention to use MGSA during COVID-19 outbreaks. Based on the technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior, we analyzed the influence of social distancing, fear of COVID-19, subjective norms, shopping attitudes, ease of use, usefulness on behavioral intention to use MGSAs. Data were collected from 565 users and analyzed with structured equation modeling (SEM) using SMART PLS 3 software. Findings depicted that shopping attitudes were predicted by subjective norms, ease of use, and usefulness. In contrast, behavioral intention is predicted by subjective norms, attitudes, ease of use, usefulness, fear of COVID-19, and social distancing. The study contributes to the extant literature incorporating fear of COVID-19 and social distancing as psychological and situational variables into the technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior, which may guide the marketing practitioners to promote online sales in an unprecedented situation.
Capturing Value from Technological Innovation: Integration, Strategic Partnering, and Licensing Decisions

The competitive potential embedded in new technology is not always captured by the innovator. Follower firms, customers, and suppliers are often the principal beneficiaries. When innovating firms lose to followers or imitators, the reason is often the failure of the innovator to build or access competitive capacity in activities, such as manufacturing, which are complementary to the innovation. This paper analyzes the make-or-buy decision with respect to these capacities in different competitive environments, including that of rapid technological change and easy imitation. Often it is pointless for firms to invest in R&D unless they are also willing to invest in the development of certain complementary capacities, at home or abroad.
Analytical calculation of pulse broadening in optical higher order PMD compensation

The system performances in second- and third-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensations have been calculated analytically and a proper approach for the higher order PMD compensation has been investigated. The investigation has revealed that the frequency averaged higher order terms of the fiber link's PMD vector should be used as the coefficient vectors in emulating the frequency dependent compensation vector for higher order PMD compensation.
An overview of methods for calculating the head of a rotodynamic impeller and their practical significance

Abstract This paper explains why Euler's equation and the airfoil theory, while analytically correct, sometimes produce disappointing results. It also emphasizes the merits of a recently developed approach and demonstrates its usefulness in solving problems encountered in practice. The subject matter relates, directly, only to rotodynamic pumps. However, with proper modifications, it can be easily expanded to other fluids machines.
Minerva (MYRRHA Phase 1) RFQ Beam Commissioning

The MYRRHA project [1] aims at coupling a 600 MeV proton accelerator to a subcritical fission core operating at a thermal power of 70 MW. The nominal proton beam for this ADS (Accelerator Driven System) has an intensity of 4 mA and is delivered in a quasi-CW mode. Phase 1 of the project will realise a 100 MeV, 4 mA superconducting linac with the mission of ensuring the ADS requirements in terms of reliability and fault tolerance. As part of the reliability optimisation program the integrated prototyping of the MINERVA injector is ongoing. The front-end of the injector is composed of an ECR proton source, an LEBT (Low Energy Beam Transport line) and a four-rod RFQ accelerating the beam to 1.5 MeV. The present contribution focuses on the current beam tests on the RFQ, including beam matching, RF conditioning, assessment of the cavities’ performances and accelerated beam characterisation.
The Personality of the Hadith Scholar and Its Importance to Psychology

The field of personality is often became a concern to psychologists who want to look at human behavior both from positive and negative angles. In other words, personality has a relationship with behavioral development potential. Personality has a direct relationship with the field of psychology. One of the most important definitions of personality is individual differences according to characteristic patterns such as thoughts, feelings and actions. Personality traits are biological while personality values are environmental products influenced by culture, education and life. In the study of modern psychology, thought-based traits that are in the cognitive domain are higher than emotional traits in relation to values. In the tradition of Islamic science, there is a special traits, which is the yardstick of superior personality; that is, Al-‘Adalah or is called adil (fairness). Related to the trait of adil is the trait of dhabit (strong memory). A qualitative study using this library approach seeks to trace the properties possessed by hadith scholars, who once inspired the West to apply those attributes in their intellectual work. Studies have found that these properties have unique characteristics because of their ability to integrate ontological, epistemological and axiological dimensions and also balance the role of cognitive and affective domains in human beings that direct human physiological and psychological behavior in a positive direction. In conclusion, the development of good potential will result in an authoritative and noble personality.
The history of the Pinus sylvestris treeline at Creag Fhiaclach, Inverness-shire

The history of the Pinus sylvestris L. treeline at Creag Fhiaclach was investigated using a palynological approach. A modern pollen rain study demonstrated that the current treeline was detectable from a significant (p < 0.0001) reduction in the Pinus/(Pinus + Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull) pollen quotient. Heath vegetation typically has a P*100/(P+C) pollen quotient of less than 30%. Quotients higher than 30% represent Pinus woodland. A three year study on variation in Calluna flowering with altitude showed that the relative reduction in the Pinus pollen component at the treeline is caused primarily by changes in the density of Calluna flowering rather than Pinus pollen influx. The results have implications for the design of palynological studies, indicating the importance of replication, as well as aiding interpretation of sub-fossil pollen data. Five replicate cores from six altitudes spanning the treeline were subjected to pollen analysis for the historical investigation. Twenty six palynomorphs including four Rhizopod taxa were described. Discriminant analysis was used in addition to quotients to classify the sub-fossil pollen assemblages as either heath or forest types. The palynological data were reduced using PCA and RDA and showed that a higher treeline may have been previously present at the more sheltered southern end of the treeline. However, an alternative hypothesis, of pollen assemblages similar to those of Pinus forest being produced by relatively infertile Juniperus communis L. canopies, was also tested by looking at the pollen spectra from transects across Juniperus communis patches. Dense patches of Juniperus communis result in pollen assemblages which cannot be distinguished from those of Pinus sylvestris woodland. 210Pb and 14C dates, while indicating stratigraphic validity, gave conflicting evidence for the ages of the peat deposit at Creag Fhiaclach. Evidence from dendrochronology on the site suggests that the 14C dates are more correct and that the peat deposit dates from 1227940 BP. A model of pollen distribution at the treeline on the basis of modern pollen deposition is proposed. The relative stability of this treeline poses interesting questions about how the treeline established and the inertia of this type of vegetation boundary to changes in climate.
Evidence of QFD best practices for product development:a multiple case study

Purpose – To identify QFD best practices and understand factors that contribute to successful QFD application.Design/methodology/approach – A field research study is presented that summarises the use of QFD in a number of companies operating in Brazil. The paper reports multiple case studies conducted in organizations that have already achieved maturity in QFD implementation.Findings – The study identified areas of QFD best practice such as the development of matrices and voice of customers, interaction with other organizational practices (e.g. TQC system and other methods and techniques), and less traditional QFD applications (concept definition, strategic planning, and developing a global product). The study also identifies QFD implementation success factors related to organizational characteristics (e.g. management support for QFD and cross‐functional involvement in QFD project), data sources (e.g. existing data sources and QFD‐driven data sources), and QFD tools and techniques such as use of advanced .
Investigating ASEAN’s Participation in Global Value Chains: Production Fragmentation and Regional Integration

This paper focuses on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)—a major final assembler in production—where studies and evidence on the role of the region in global value chains are limited. We seek to provide new evidence regarding the extent and patterns of international fragmentation in ASEAN. To do so, we derive the foreign value-added shares of final products for all global value chains of ASEAN. Using the Asian Development Bank’s multiregional input–output tables for 2000–2017, we document a series of stylized facts. The results show declining foreign value-added shares in ASEAN. Regional economic integration within ASEAN has increased, while value-added contributions vary widely across its members. We find evidence of increasing value-added contributions from emerging economies to ASEAN, whereas the contributions from advanced economies have declined.