Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating the Low Wind Effect on SPHERE with experimental and on-sky data

In nights at Cerro Paranal where good seeing and low wind conditions are present, the PSF delivered to the focal plane of the SPHERE instrument has been shown to have significant errors, and have been aptly described as the ‘Low Wind Effect’ (LWE). We demonstrate here a method to quantify the LWE using experimental and on-sky data. We find single image phase diversity is a useful tool in quantifying the LWE and can be used to monitor this effect over the course of the night.
An identity based on the generalised negative binomial distribution with applications in ruin theory

Abstract In this study, we show how expressions for the probability of ultimate ruin can be obtained from the probability function of the time of ruin in a particular compound binomial risk model, and from the density of the time of ruin in a particular Sparre Andersen risk model. In each case evaluation of generalised binomial series is required, and the argument of each series has a common form. We evaluate these series by creating an identity based on the generalised negative binomial distribution. We also show how the same ideas apply to the probability function of the number of claims in a particular Sparre Andersen model.
Combined effects of dietary faba bean water extract and vitamin K3 on growth performance, textural quality, intestinal characteristics, oxidative and immune responses in grass carp

Faba bean water extract (FBW) and vitamin K3 (VK3) have been demonstrated to improve the muscle textural quality of fish. To better apply these two feed additives in commercial aquaculture setting, four experimental diets (control, commercial feed group; 15% FBW, 15% faba bean water extract group; 2.5% VK3, 2.5% vitamin K3 group; combined group, 15% faba bean water extract + 2.5% vitamin K3 group) were formulated to explore their combined effects of FBW and VK3 on the growth, health status, and muscle textural quality of grass carp. The growth performance, textural quality, intestinal characteristics, and oxidative and immune responses were analyzed on days 40, 80 and 120. The results showed that supplementation with higher doses of FBW and VK3 have no influence on growth-related parameters and immune parameters of grass carp. Notably, compared with the control, fish in the combined group had the highest textural qualities (hardness, chewiness and adhesiveness), followed by those in 15% FBW and 2.5% VK3 groups (P < 0.05). Also, FBW and VK3, to some extent, may lower antioxidative ability of grass carp, as illustrated by lower levels of GSH and CAT in 15% FBW, 2.5% VK3, and combined groups on day 120 (P < 0.05). In addition, enhanced lipase activity was observed in the 15% FBW group. Taken together, the combined supplementation of FBW and VK3 was demonstrated to be a more advanced option than their individual supplementation in a commercial setting owing to the resulting combined effects on both the textural quality and health status of grass carp.
Assessing the First Shocks of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Idiosyncratic Risk in the Brazilian and the Others Emerging Markets

The Covid-19 Pandemic has affected social and economic relations in the world economy, the national economies, and the financial markets. The production investment and financing in economies occur through these markets, particularly in the capital market. The idiosyncratic risk, one of the two total risk components, is associated with a specific productive project, an economic sector, a specific national economy or a capital market. This work aims to estimate the idiosyncratic risk of the Brazilian economy through heteroscedastic conditional models, to verify the initial impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the risk associated with productive projects developed in the Brazilian economy and the emerging economies. Daily data in US$, spanning from June 30, 2017, to July 1, 2020, were used.
INFLUENCE OF WATCHING ADVERTISEMENTS ON KIDS’ FOOD CHOICES

This study aimed to determine the nature, content and duration of advertisements broadcasted during children’s television programs and to understand their influence on children preferences of specific food products. After the advertisements’ content analysis for three days broadcasted on two famous children television channels and one primetime channel, a questionnairewas constructed based on food products advertised. Data was collected from 150 children aged between 5-15 years. Based on the children’s view obtained from the questionnaire, favorite TV channel asked was compared with the food preferences. This study explored the significant difference between children’s food preference influenced by advertisements on children channel 2 as compared to channel 1 and primetime channel. In conclusion, Channel 2 has more frequent food advertisements which has influenced food choices among children. So, displaying more healthy food advertisements could be a source to educate children in making healthy choices regarding food products and consumer decisions.
Evaluating staging laparoscopy indications for pancreatic cancer based on resectability classification and treatment strategies for patients with positive peritoneal washing cytology

Abstract Introduction The prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in patients with positive peritoneal washing cytology (CY1) is poor. We aimed to evaluate the results of staging laparoscopy (SL) and treatment efficacy in CY1 patients based on a resectability classification. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 250 patients with PDAC who underwent SL before the initial treatment between 2017 and 2023 at the University of Toyama. Results The breakdown of cases by resectability classification was resectable (R):borderline resectable (BR):unresectable locally advanced (UR‐LA) = 131:48:71 cases. The frequency of CY1 increased in proportion to the degree of local progression (R:BR:UR‐LA = 20:23:34%), but the frequencies of liver metastasis or peritoneal dissemination were comparable (R:BR:UR‐LA = 6.9:6.3:8.5%). Most CY1 patients received gemcitabine along with nab‐paclitaxel therapy. The CY‐negative conversion rates (R:BR:UR‐LA = 70:64:52%) and conversion surgery rates (R:BR:UR‐LA = 40:27:9%) were inversely proportional to the degree of local progression. Comparing H0P0CY1 factors for each classification, patients with H0P0CY1 had significantly more pancreatic body or tail carcinoma and tumor size ≥32 mm in R patients, whereas in BR patients, duke pancreatic monoclonal antigen type 2 (DUPAN‐2) ≥ 230 U/mL was a significant factor. In contrast, no significant factors were observed in UR‐LA patients. Conclusion The CY1 rates, CY‐negative conversion rates, and conversion surgery rates varied according to local progression. In the case of R and BR, SL could be considered in patients with pancreatic body or tail carcinoma, large tumor size, or high DUPAN‐2 level. In UR‐LA, SL might be considered for all patients.
Analytical forms of the first 14 moments of the cosmic ray Fokker–Planck equation

The Fokker–Planck transport equation describing the motion of energetic particles through a plasma is explored analytically. The latter equation provides a pitch-angle and position-dependent distribution function of the charged particles. In the current paper the first 14 moments of this equation are computed exactly for an arbitrary initial pitch angle. Such analytical forms are required in nonlinear treatments of perpendicular transport and other scenarios in plasma physics and astrophysics.
Testing the Comparability of Different L2 Oral Test Tasks

This study examined the comparability of three L2 oral test tasks (topic discussion, information gap, and semi-direct speaking) in the measurement of the four oral traits (pronunciation, fluency, grammar, and vocabulary). In examining the comparability, a CFA approach to a correlated traits/correlated methods design was employed, and evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was tested in the measurement of the traits by the methods. Through the model comparison approach (Byrne, 2006; Wideman, 1985), the hypothesized model was compared against a series of more restrictive models using χ2 difference tests, and the information from the path coefficients was examined to check the equivalence further. The findings revealed that the method effect in the measurement model was so strong that the trait was not fully reflected in the measurement process. Also, the effect of method on trait was not consistent in that topic discussion produced most trait-related information among the test tasks. Moreover, methods were found discriminant although traits were not. Thus, the three methods cannot be considered comparable in measuring the L2 oral traits, and such incomparability was particularly evident between the two methods of group oral and semi-direct speaking.
Center Deviation Measurement of Color Contact Lenses Based on a Deep Learning Model and Hough Circle Transform

Ensuring the quality of color contact lenses is vital, particularly in detecting defects during their production since they are directly worn on the eyes. One significant defect is the “center deviation (CD) defect”, where the colored area (CA) deviates from the center point. Measuring the extent of deviation of the CA from the center point is necessary to detect these CD defects. In this study, we propose a method that utilizes image processing and analysis techniques for detecting such defects. Our approach involves employing semantic segmentation to simplify the image and reduce noise interference and utilizing the Hough circle transform algorithm to measure the deviation of the center point of the CA in color contact lenses. Experimental results demonstrated that our proposed method achieved a 71.2% reduction in error compared with existing research methods.
ESTIMATING THE QUADRATIC VARIATION SPECTRUM OF NOISY ASSET PRICES USING GENERALIZED FLAT-TOP REALIZED KERNELS

This paper analyzes a generalized class of flat-top realized kernel estimators for the quadratic variation spectrum, that is, the decomposition of quadratic variation into integrated variance and jump variation. The underlying log-price process is contaminated by additive noise, which consists of two orthogonal components to accommodate α-mixing dependent exogenous noise and an asymptotically non-degenerate endogenous correlation structure. In the absence of jumps, the class of estimators is shown to be consistent, asymptotically unbiased, and mixed Gaussian at the optimal rate of convergence, n1/4. Exact bounds on lower-order terms are obtained, and these are used to propose a selection rule for the flat-top shrinkage. Bounds on the optimal bandwidth for noise models of varying complexity are also provided. In theoretical and numerical comparisons with alternative estimators, including the realized kernel, the two-scale realized kernel, and a bias-corrected pre-averaging estimator, the flat-top realized kernel enjoys a higher-order advantage in terms of bias reduction, in addition to good efficiency properties. The analysis is extended to jump-diffusions where the asymptotic properties of a flat-top realized kernel estimate of the total quadratic variation are established. Apart from a larger asymptotic variance, they are similar to the no-jump case. Finally, the estimators are used to design two classes of (medium) blocked realized kernels, which produce consistent, non-negative estimates of integrated variance. The blocked estimators are shown to have no loss either of asymptotic efficiency or in the rate of consistency relative to the flat-top realized kernels when jumps are absent. However, only the medium blocked realized kernels achieve the optimal rate of convergence under the jump alternative.
Determinants of Acute Malnutrition among Under-Five Children in Governmental Health Facilities in Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study

Background Acute malnutrition is a major public health challenge among children globally. The burden is high in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Different reports and literatures revealed different risk factors of acute malnutrition in different geographical areas, but there were regional variations. So, the main aim of this study was to identify determinants of acute malnutrition among under-five children in governmental health facilities of Sodo town, Southern Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from February 1 to March 1, 2021. Consecutive sampling was used to select cases, and controls were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and standardized anthropocentric measurement equipment was used to identify cases and controls. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. A logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of acute malnutrition, and statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05. Result A total of 133 cases and 266 controls were included in the study making a response rate of 97.8%. Mothers with no formal education, birth interval less than 24 months, marital status (divorced widowed and separated), diarrhea in the past two weeks, using nonprotected water for drinking, exclusive breastfeeding less than 6 months, not taking sick children to health facility within 24 hours of the onset of any sickness, low birth weight, breastfeeding for less than 24 months, using nonimproved toilet, low dietary diversity, and food insecurity were significantly associated with acute malnutrition. Conclusion This study identified the major determinants of acute malnutrition among under-five children in the study area. Thus, ensuring safe water supply, empowering women, and improving knowledge and practices of mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding and family planning are recommended.
Testing CPT And Antigravity With Trapped Antihydrogen At ALPHA

High precision antihydrogen experiments allow tests of fundamental theoretical descriptions of nature. These experiments are performed with the ALPHA apparatus, where ultra-low energy antihydrogen is produced and confined in a magnetic trap. Antihydrogen spectroscopy is of primary interest for precision tests of CPT invariance one of the most important symmetries of the Standard Model. In particular, the 1S-2S transition frequency in hydrogen is the most precisely known quantity in Physics thus measuring the same quantity with antihydrogen provides the most stringent comparison between matter and antimatter. Antimatter gravity is an open experimental question that deserves to be directly addressed in order to test the foundation of the General Theory of Relativity. Methods to produce, trap, detect and identify antihydrogen are presented in this work, alongside the first high precision measurement of an antihydrogen property, i.e., the electric neutrality of an antiatom. This measurement also constitutes a three-fold improvement to the measured value of the positron charge. The focus is then shifted to the proposed experiment to measure the antihydrogen gravitational acceleration, with particular attention to the antihydrogen detector.
Students with learning disabilities’ mental health Enhancement: The relationship of learning disabilities and emotional difficulties, and the role of ICTs

In the present work, in order to investigate the relationship between learning and emotional difficulties, the method of literature review was used. In particular, the questions that this research was required to answer were about whether children with learning difficulties are at a greater risk of manifestating emotional difficulties, but also to identify the emotional difficulty that is responsible for the most common learning disability in this particular group of students. For this purpose, a research of both international and Greek articles, older and more recent ones, was conducted depending on scientific journals, bibliographies and field research. The results of the research show that these students are actually at a greater risk of developing emotional difficulties. In fact, research has shown that loneliness, depression, anxiety and low self-esteem can affect these children and their academic performance. In conclusion, it was found that the sense of failure that these students feel also affects their emotional balance.
Additive biocomponents from catfish by-products enhance the growth of
 shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

The rapid expansion of shrimp production requires a huge amount of protein sources from soybeans and wild-caught fishmeal; both are becoming a shortage. Meanwhile, catfish production and processing is a giant industry in Vietnam, which produce hundred thousand tonnes of protein-and lipid-rich by-products, annually. Using catfish by-products to gradually replace the traditional protein sources in shrimp aquaculture may bring triple benefits: 1) reducing pressure on wild fish exploitation for fish-meal, 2) reducing the environmental impacts of catfish by-products, and 3) increasing the value and sustainability of aquaculture production. In this study, we used catfish by-products to produce fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) and nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) as additives in feed for Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ). The supplement mixture of FPH and HA was added into the commercial diet (Charoen Pokphand Group [CP], 38% protein, and 6.5% lipid) to reach 38%, 38.5%, 40%, 43%, and 44% of the crude protein content. The survival and growth of shrimps were weekly assessed to day 55. The results showed that the shrimp growth was highest at 43% crude protein content in the feed as indicated by an increase of 124% and 112% in shrimp weight and length, respectively, compared to the commercial reference diet. No negative effects of adding the mixture of FPH and HA on the water quality were observed. Vibrio density was lower than 6.5 × 10 3 CFU/mL, which is the lowest Vibrio density negatively affecting the shrimp growth and development. These findings indicate that the mixture of FPH and HA are promising additive components in feed for post-larval shrimp L. vannamei diets.
Flint corn silage management: influence of maturity stage, inoculation with Lentilactobacillus buchneri, and storage time on fermentation pattern, aerobic stability, and nutritional characteristics

Introduction High quality corn silage depends on factors such as corn type, stage of crop development at harvest time, fermentation time, in addition to use or not of inoculants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of maturity stage, bacterial inoculation, and storage time on fermentation, aerobic stability, and nutritional characteristics of flint corn silage and their implications for corn silage management. Methods A flint corn hybrid was harvested very early, early, and medium (at 250, 300 and 350 g dry matter (DM)/kg as fed, respectively) and ensiled in mini-silos without (control) or with Lentilactobacillus buchneri CNCM I-4323 at 1 × 105 cfu/g for 120, 240 and 360 d to investigate how these factors interact with each other. Results and discussion There was only a small increase (7 g/kg starch; p = 0.003) in starch digestibility (starch-D) in the silages stored for 360 d when compared to that stored for 240 d, but with no difference for 120 d. Despite the reduced starch-D (526 vs. 694 g/kg starch; p < 0.001), silages produced from medium harvest had higher (p < 0.001) starch content (317 vs. 137 g/kg DM) and higher amount of digestible starch (169 vs. 98.5 g/kg DM; p < 0.001) compared to very early harvest. The 2-way interactions (inoculation × storage time and maturity × storage time) showed that inoculation of corn silage with L. buchneri increased (p < 0.001) the aerobic stability, and that more mature crop silage had higher aerobic stability (140 h; p = 0.036) than the others (118 and 48.5 h for those silages from very early and early harvest). Conclusion The storage for a longer time (>120 d) with the goal of increasing silage digestibility did not occur. Harvesting whole-crop flint corn with 300 to 350 g/kg DM is desirable to have higher DM yield and starch accumulation. Inoculation with L. buchneri is recommended to preserve the silage against aerobic deterioration. This study has shown the importance of harvesting flint corn at the right time, and the need for inoculation with L. buchneri to ensure greater yield, starch accumulation, and silage preservation, if 120 days of storage are not exceeded.
Design An Automatic Shuttlecock Output Device Using An Arduino Based Servo Motor

Badminton is a sport that uses a racket tool as a bat and shuttlecock as a bat and the slop itself is a container for placing a shuttlecock with a length of 37 cm. Badminton is a sport that the majority of many enthusiasts. And began to emerge associations of badminton players who were then trained by coaches to then make a profession or their own expertise. In general, shuttlecocks are removed manually and do not know whether the contents of the slop are exhausted or still filled. Therefore, automatic shuttlecock storage devices can make it easier for coaches to provide training to students who are in the association of badminton players. This tool can store shuttlecocks and remove shuttlecocks automatically which are stored in a dislop containing 12 seeds, the microcontroller used is Arduino Uno, the servo motor is used to remove the shuttlecock that has a dislop and if the shuttlecock is not filled then the Servo Motor does not run or open to remove the shuttlecock so that the slop must be replenished, then the HC-SR04 Sensor above the slop functions as a device that detects whether the shuttlecock is still there, then there is the ISD1820 Sensor which functions as an alarm to notify by voice that the shuttlecock is up and time to refill, then a tripod as the foundation for this automatic shuttlecock storage device. The result of this research test is that 12 shuttlecock seeds were successful. In this case, it is hoped that this research can help and facilitate coaches in training in a badminton player association on a large scale as well as efficiently knowing the exhaustion of shuttlecocks.
Chemical profiles and biological activities of essential oil of
 Citrus hystrix DC. peels

Essential oil (EO) was extracted from the peel of Citrus hystrix DC. originating from Tinh Bien, An Giang province (Vietnam), using steam distillation. The study aimed to determine some physicochemical properties of Citrus hystrix peel EO (ChpEO), including the acid value (AV), saponification value (SV), ester value (EV), density, specific gravity, and freezing point. The chemical composition was also analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Compounds like β-pinene (30.19%), D-limonene (22.15%), and sabinene (21.37%), with antioxidant and antibacterial properties, had a relatively high content. The EO was also capable of inhibiting the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 13311), and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778) specifically.