Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variação intra-específica na fenologia de espécies de sub-bosque de floresta Atlântica e sua relação com variáveis microambientais

1. Introducao --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 2. Material e Metodos ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 2.1. Area de estudo ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 2.2. Especies estudadas ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 2.3. Fenologia ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 2.4. Caracterizacao do microclima e luz ---------------------------------------------------------------9 2.5. Analise de dados ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 3. Resultados --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15 3.1. Definicao dos grupos -------------------------------------------------------------------------------15 3.2. Caracterizacao das especies -----------------------------------------------------------------------16 3.3. Fenologia das especies nos grupos interior (G1) e borda (G2) -------------------------------16 3.4. Comparacao dos grupos ----------------------------------------------------------------------------22 4. Discussao ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25 4.1. Agrupamento das plantas nos ambientes --------------------------------------------------------25 4.2. Fenologia e variacao entre ambientes de interior (G1) e borda natural (G2) --------------26 4.3. Relacao entre a resposta fenologica e o ambiente ----------------------------------------------28 5. Referencias bibliograficas --------------------------------------------------------------------------31 6. Figuras ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------40 7. Tabelas ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------49 8. Apendices ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------59
Determination of the Physico-Chemical Composition, Microbial Quality and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Some Commercially Sold Honey Samples in Aba, Nigeria: ‘The Effect of Varying Colors’

Honey is the natural sweet substance that is produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera) from the nectar of blossoms or from the secretions of living parts of plants 25, 44 which these honey bees use and store as food. The geographical, climatic conditions, floral origin or the nectar foraged by bees tend to affect the physicochemical, phenolic and antioxidant activities of honey 2, 3, 4, 11, 24, 38, . Therefore, different honey types have different composition. Natural honey is composed mostly of carbohydrates, lesser amounts of water and a great number of minor constituents such as: proteins, minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidants. These minor constituents confer medicinal/biological properties on honey such as: treatment of burns, wounds, cataracts, ulcers, etc . According to James et al., artificial (adulterated) honeys can be produced from carbohydrate sources and their IJBAR (2013) 04 (01) www.ssjournals. com Abstract
Upper Jurassic ammonite biostratigraphy of the Mecsek Mts., southern Hungary

More than 500 Upper Jurassic ammonites were collected from four sections of the eastern Mecsek Mts. (southern Hungary). The generally poorly preserved fossil material represents a narrow interval of the Oxfordian, the Cavouri, Beckeri and Darwini Zones of the Kimmeridgian and the Tithonian. The fauna contains about 40 taxa, some of them are typical for the Mediterranean Province.
How do banking relationships affect financial constraints of SMEs?

We examine the impact of the closeness of banking relationships on financial constraint problems of SMEs in the French context. To do so, we use the cash-flow sensitivity of cash method elaborated by Almeida et al (2004). Through a unique sample of 1 145 bank-firm relationships observed during the 2003-2012 period, we find evidence that single bank firms and firms engaged with a decentralized main bank are less constrained than other firms, but that those which meet those two criteria simultaneously are not. Firms with a decentralized main bank and less than three banks appear however less constrained. KZ and WW index analyses performed as robustness checks underline the importance of the decentralized organizational structure of the main bank in reducing financial constraints of SMEs. The analysis of trade credit use also provides results in line with the hypothesis of a less important financial constraint problem for SMEs in close banking relationship. Finally we find evidence that the impact of the closeness of banking relationships on cash-flow sensitivity of cash is more important after the recent financial crisis.
Combined Lung Transfer of NO and CO in Patients Receiving Methotrexate or Bleomycin Therapy Compared to Normal Subjects

The first aim of the study is to determine whether combined lung diffusing capacities of nitric oxide (TLNO) and of carbon monoxide (TLCO) are accurate in the followup of patients receiving either methotrexate (MTX) or bleomycin (BLM). The second objective is to determine whether TLCO, TLNO, KCO, and TLCO/VI% (inspiratory volume expressed as percentage of predicted value) correlate better with the diffusing capacity of the membrane (Dm) and/or capillary lung volume (Vc). TLNO and TLCO were measured in three groups: 22 “normal” subjects (N group), 17 patients receiving MTX, and 12 patients treated with BLM. TLCO, TLNO, Dm, and Vc were much lower in the MTX and BLM groups compared to those of the N one. The ratio TLNO/TLCO was higher in the BLM group compared to that of the N group and compared to that of the MTX group. KCO correlated neither with Dc nor with Vc, whereas TLCO/VI% correlated significantly with both Dm and Vc. Combined measurement of TLCO and TLNO seems to be useful in the followup of patients receiving agents inducing lung toxicity and gives a good idea of the alveolar membrane and the capillary volume.
Storage Stability of Chinese Bayberry Juice after High Pressure or Thermal Treatment

The effect of high pressure (HP) and thermal (TP) treatments on storage stability of Chinese bayberry juice was investigated. Samples were treated for 5 min at 500 MPa (HP treatment) at room temperature or in a water bath (TP treatment) at 55C for an effective time of 8 min and stored at 4 and 25C. The soluble solids content of the HP- and TP-treated samples was stable at both temperatures, while it decreased at 25C in control samples. Color retention was better in the HP-treated samples than in TP-treated samples. Anthocyanin retention values in the HP- and TP-treated samples were 96.5 and 85.1%, respectively, while ascorbic acid retention values were 89.2 and 58.3%, respectively. Anthocyanin and ascorbic acid degradation during storage followed a first-order kinetics, and the rate constants were lowest for the HP-treated samples followed by TP treatment and were highest for the control samples. Practical Applications Chinese bayberries (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) are highly susceptible to mechanical injury and microbiological spoilage, which limits their postharvest life even at refrigerated conditions. Extraction of bayberries to juice followed by thermal treatment is a practical process for shelf life extension. The juice has a strong antioxidant capacity because of its anthocyanin, phenolic and ascorbic acid contents. Consumption of fruit and vegetable juices containing anthocyanins and ascorbic acid can contribute to reducing the severity of various degenerative diseases. However, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid are very sensitive to heat. Thermal processing may cause detrimental quality changes. High pressure processing is one of the promising novel nonthermal techniques with potential for better retention of color, flavor and nutritional parameters of food. Our study showed that high pressure treatment was more efficient in preserving some physicochemical properties of Chinese bayberry juice as compared to thermal treatment. This work provides relevant information for further study of Chinese bayberry juice.
Contraceptive Use and Unmet Need for Family Planning among Tribal Women in India and Selected Hilly States

The paper provides a comprehensive picture of knowledge and contraceptive use among Scheduled Tribes of India and selected central hilly states, where tribal population contributes more than 30% of the total population of the country. An attempt is also made to know how far scheduled tribes differ from non-tribes in these states namely Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh using information collected in the third round of District Level Household Survey (DLHS-RCH III: 200708). Bivariate analysis is used to understand level knowledge, use and unmet need for contraception among different tribal and non-tribal groups. Binary Logistics regression is used to understand the factors associated with contraception use among tribal women. Knowledge of temporary contraceptive method is considerably lower among tribal women as compared to their non-tribal counterparts. The result shows that contraceptive use among tribal women is lower than the non-tribal women in these states. The unmet need for family planning among them is quite high especially in the state of Jharkhand. Multivariate analysis substantiates the role of women and husband’s education, age of women and number of boys surviving in use of any modern method of contraception. Strengthening free supply of modern contraceptives and educating women as well as their husband may solve the problem of high unmet need for family planning among these tribal women.
Relation of Nanostructure and Recombination Dynamics in a Low‐Temperature Solution‐Processed CuInS2 Nanocrystalline Solar Cell

The understanding and control of nanostructures with regard to transport and recombination mechanisms is of key importance in the optimization of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells based on inorganic nanocrystals. Here, the transport properties of solution‐processed solar cells are investigated using photo‐CELIV (photogenerated charge carrier extraction by linearly increasing voltage) and transient photovoltage techniques; the solar cells are prepared by an in‐situ formation of CuInS2 nanocrystals (CIS NCs) at the low temperature of 270 °C. Structural and morphological analyses reveal the presence of a metastable CuIn5S8 phase and a disordered morphology in the CuInS2 nanocrytalline films consisting of polycrystalline grains at the nanoscale range. Consistent with the disordered morphology of the CIS NC thin films, the CIS NC devices are characterized by a low carrier mobility. The carrier density dynamic indicates that the recombination kinetics in these devices follows the dispersive bimolecular recombination model and does not fully behave in a diffusion‐controlled manner, as expected by Langevin‐type recombination. The mobility–lifetime product of the charge carriers properly explains the performance of the thin (200 nm) CIS NC solar cell with a high fill‐factor of 64% and a PCE of over 3.5%.
INNER SHELL PHOTODETACHMENT OF Na USING THE MULTI-CONFIGURATION TAMM-DANCOFF APPROXIMATION

The multi-configuration Tamm-Dancoff approximation (MCTD) is used to calculate the inner shell photodetachment of the Na anion. The results reproduce a resonance peak in agreement with existing experimental and theoretical data. The current work emphasizes the importance of doing configuration interaction (CI) type calculations, and proves MCTD is an apt tool to investigate the photoionization/photodetachment process.
Acceleration of polymorphic transition of cocoa butter and cocoa butter equivalent by addition of d‐limonene

The essential oils obtained from citric fruits have been used as aromatizing agents in various foods. However, the addition of orange essential oil, d-limonene, to cocoa butter (CB) has been shown to have an influence on its crystallization behavior. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of adding d-limonene at concentrations of 1.5 and 5% w/w on the polymorphic transitions in Brazilian CB and in a commercial cocoa butter equivalent (CBE). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the polymorphic forms in the samples over 27 days of storage at 25°C. The results showed that d-limonene addition was able to accelerate the polymorphic transition in CB and CBE. The addition of 5% w/w d-limonene to Brazilian CB accelerated the complete transition from βV to the more stable βVI polymorphic form in only 11 days. Under the same conditions, pure CB remained in βV form and the transition was not completed in CBE samples. The polymorphic transition of CBE samples appeared to be governed by the characteristics of the triacylglycerol (TAG) profile and only intensified with d-limonene incorporation. Practical applications: d-Limonene is an essential oil that has been used industrially to give orange flavor in chocolate products. Our results showed that d-limonene addition to CB and CBE accelerates the polymorphic transition from polymorphic form V to VI in a short period. As the polymorphic form VI is more stable than form V, the addition of d-limonene to chocolates and the like allows them to keep their melting properties and sensorial quality for long storage periods. Changes of d-spacing values and Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of Brazilian cocoa butter and cocoa butter equivalent samples containing 5% d-limonene stored for 27 days (4 [d4], 11 [d11], 27 [d27] days) at 25°C.
Carragenana da epífita Hypnea musciformis obtida do cultivo experimental de Solieria filiformis em Flecheiras, Estado do Ceará, Brasil - doi: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v33i2.9096

Solieria filiformis (Rhodophyceae) culture is being developed at Flecheiras Beach, state of Ceara, Brazil, for its future sustainable use in biotechnology. However, epiphyte growth on the species jeopardizes suitable development. The efficiency of two methods (M I and M II) in the isolation of kappa -carrageenan (κ-CAR) from red marine alga Hypnea musciformis has been evaluated. κ-CAR was obtained by proteolytic digestion (M I) or by hot water (80°C) (M II) and extracts were analyzed with regard to their chemical composition and then by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose column with NaCl gradient. Anticoagulant activity was evaluated by the activated partial thromboplastine time (APTT) test with common human plasma and standard heparin (HEP) (193 IU mg -1 ). Yield difference reached 4.28 ± 0.26%% (p -1 ), alternative M II was efficient for the food industry. Results suggest that κ-CAR extraction method from H. musciformis depends on the industry’s usage criterion.
Overproduction of mercuric reductase protein expressed by synthetic merA gene and reduction of inorganic mercury HgCl2

Mercury, recognized as one of the most toxic heavy metals in the environment, exists in three forms: elemental mercury, inorganic mercury compounds (primarily mercuric chloride), and organic mercury compounds (primarily methyl mercury). Inorganic mercury can be detoxified using mercuric reductase (MerA). In our previous study, mercuric reductase gene had been isolated from mercuric resistant bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bacterium was obtained from Sario river estuary. This study aimed to analyze the ability of merA protein resulted from transformation and overproduction in reducing inorganic mercury HgCl2. The merA gene encoding for MerA protein with the length of 571 aa was synthesized and cloned into expression vector pJexpress414. The vector was transformed into E. coli Top-10. The merA gene was reisolated, sequenced and characterized. Overproduction of MerA protein in E. coli BL-21 was induced using IPTG to produce the protein in higher amount. The resulting protein was purified and characterized. The protein was tested for its ability to reduce inorganic mercury. Into MerA protein solution, HgCl2 10 ppm, NADH 0.1 mM, and FAD 0.1 mM were added and the solution was incubated for 24 hours. The results were compared with MerA recombinant produced by E. coli BL21(DE3) in reducing inorganic mercury. The transformed merA gene has a length of 1695 bp encoding for 571 amino acid. The overproduced MerA protein induced by IPTG 0.1 mM has a size of 63 kDa at 37 o C. The ability of recombinant MerA protein and mercury reductase resulting from overproduction to reduce HgCl2 were 100% and 80%, respectively. This research concluded that overproduced MerA protein isolated from mercuric resistant bacteria K. pneumoniae was able to detoxify inorganic mercury.
Dynamics of magnetic nanoparticle chain formation and its effects on proton transverse relaxation rates

Magnetic nanoparticles have several important biomedical applications including targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia treatment and MRI contrast enhancement. A magnetic nanoparticle suspension exposed to a uniformmagnetic field can result in linear agglomeration through a process known as chain formation. Importantly, the effects of magnetic nanoparticle chain formation onbiomedical applications are notwell understood and could be favourable or unfavourable depending on the specific application. It has been observed in recent literature that chain formation can reduce the proton transverse relaxation rates of magnetic nanoparticle suspensions, affecting their performance as MRI contrast agents over time. The time dependent behaviour of relaxation rates presents challenges for interpreting data for applications such as quantitative MRI. Understanding the physics behind chain formation and its effects on proton transverse relaxation rates is an important area of study that could lead to the development of enhanced magnetic nanoparticle systems for biomedical applications. Amajor aim of the researchwas to study the effects ofmagnetic nanoparticle parameters such as concentration and size on the rate and extent of chain formation. This was achieved through the application of a coarse-grain chaining simulation model across an array of magnetic nanoparticle suspension parameters. The simulation results led to the development of an analytical model that predicts the dynamic exponent of a system from its volume fraction andmagnetic coupling parameter. Dynamic scaling theory predicts that the mean length of chains evolves as a power law over time. However an aspect of chain formation that has not been well explored in literature is the evolution of the entire length distribution over time. Analysis and
ORANGE JUICE CLARIFICATION BY MICROFILTRATION: EFFECT OF OPERATIONAL VARIABLES ON MEMBRANE FOULING

Orange juice was clarified by cross- flow microfiltration by a PVDF/PMMA flat mem- brane synthesized in our laboratory. The effect of transmembrane pressure (Δp=0.4-1bar) and feed flow rate (v=0.77-1.25 m/s) on permeate flux at T=25oC was studied. Permeate flux increases with increasing feed velocity, while no significant increase of permeate flux with pressure is observed (flux con- trolled by mass transfer). Resistances responsible for permeate flux in the steady state conditions were evaluated by applying the resistance-in-series model. Results indicate that the reversible gel layer resis- tance of the membrane was the dominant resistance (≈ 70% of total membrane resistance) and it was mainly caused by the adsorption and deposition of solutes on the membrane surface. The PVDF/PMMA membrane showed high performance on both per- meate flux and clarified juice quality. The maximum permeate flux at steady-state condition (J = 47 L/m 2 h) was achieved at Δp = 1 bar and v = 1.25 m/s. Total solids (TS) are completely removed from per- meate juice and the content of soluble solids, acidity and pH present in the feed and in the clarified per- meate are practically the same.
Enhanced antibacterial activity of Cr doped ZnO nanorods synthesized using microwave processing

In this work we concentrate on enhancing the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles by Cr doping, synthesized using a microwave assisted method. The obtained nanoparticles were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and field emission scanning microscopy, and the results were correlated. Powder diffraction patterns reveal that Cr is incorporated into the ZnO crystal lattice without disturbing the original wurtzite crystal structure. The vibrational spectra show significant shifts in the peaks with Cr addition, indicating the successful incorporation of Cr ions into ZnO. Optical absorption measurements reveal that the band gap of ZnO decreased from 3.19 to 3.09 eV, which confirmed the existence of a ZnO–Cr catalyst influence interaction. The surface morphology of ZnO changed from hexagonal rod to spherical-hexagonal nanorod structures after Cr doping. Energy dispersive spectral analysis confirms the phase-purity of the synthesized powders. Here, we show that in addition to altering the structure, composition, morphology and optical absorption characteristics of ZnO, the introduction of Cr dopant can also lead to dramatic changes in the antibacterial activity of Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria. The investigated Cr doped ZnO nanocomposite material showed excellent antimicrobial activity compared to ZnO. The bacterial activity was found to be higher for Gram positive bacteria possessing thicker cell walls than that for Gram negative bacteria.
Calculations of Heat and Vapour Transport in Clothing: Transient Effects in Hygroscopic Materials

Abstract : A numerical model of heat and water-vapour transport through multi- layered clothing systems under transient conditions is presented. Taken into account are the condensation and evaporation of liquid water within the clothing layers and changes in the amount of water absorbed by hygroscopic fibres although the hygroscopic properties are taken to be a very simple form. The calculations are compared to experiments reported by Woodcock in 1962, giving good agreement, and used to discuss the so-called buffering effect of hygroscopic clothing materials.