Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Idiosyncratic Risk and the Cross-Section of Expected Stock Idiosyncratic Risk and the Cross-Section of Expected Stock Returns

Theories such as Merton (1987) predict a positive relation between idiosyncratic risk and expected return when investors do not diversify their portfolio. Ang, Hodrick, Xing, and Zhang (2006, Journal of Finance 61, 259-299) however find that monthly stock returns are negatively related to the one-month lagged idiosyncratic volatilities. I show that idiosyncratic volatilities are time-varying and thus their findings should not be used to imply the relation between idiosyncratic risk and expected return. Using the exponential GARCH models to estimate expected idiosyncratic volatilities, I find a significantly positive relation between the estimated conditional idiosyncratic volatilities and expected returns. Further evidence suggests that Ang et al.’s findings are largely explained by the return reversal of a subset of small stocks with high idiosyncratic volatilities.
PPA_A_249728 1065..1072

Young Eun Mok 1 Jong-ha Lee 2 Moon-soo Lee 1 1Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Gurogu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea Purpose: Adolescent depression can have a chronic course; hence, the importance of adherence to antidepressant medication for successful treatment outcomes is emphasized. This study aimed to examine different adherence measures and identify clinical factors that influence adherence in adolescent depression. Patients and Methods: A prospective study was conducted for patients diagnosed with depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition from outpatient psychiatric settings at Korea University Medical Center, Guro Hospital. Patient demographics were obtained from a questionnaire, interview, and review of chart records. Adherence was assessed by four methods (Medication Event Monitoring System [MEMS], pill count, clinical rating scale, and patient’s self-report). The Toronto Side Effect Scale was used to evaluate side effects, and specific depressive symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and Childhood Depression Inventory–Korean version. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support was administered to analyze social support, and the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form was used to evaluate parental stress levels. We used concordance correlation analysis to evaluate the relationship among the four adherence measures and the relationship between adherence level and clinical factors. Results: Overall, the study enrolled 48 outpatients (mean age 16.33±1.93 years). The mean duration of illness was 1.27±2.17 years. Adherence rates for MEMS, clinician rating scale, pill count, and self-report after conversion to dichotomous measures were 67.5%, 48.9%, 60.0%, and 56.3%, respectively. Only the duration of illness remained significantly correlated with MEMS (r = 0.510, p =0.001). Conclusion: Pill count exhibited a higher degree of agreement with MEMS adherence than the other two adherence measures, possibly indicating that pill count may be a considerably reliable measure of adherence. Furthermore, MEMS adherence was positively correlated with disease duration, suggesting that the longer the duration of illness, the higher the adherence.
Age-Related Differences of Nontyphoid Salmonella Bacteremia in Clinical Presentation and Outcome: Association with Speciﬁc Serovars but Not Necessarily with the Virulence Plasmids

1. Cabellos C, Viladrich PF, Corredoira J, Verdaguer R, Ariza J, Gudiol F. Streptococcal meningitis in adult patients: current epidemiology and clinical spectrum. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:1104–8. 2. Gelfand MD, Abolnik IZ. Streptococcal meningitis complicating diagnostic myelography: three cases and review. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:582–7. 3. Watanakunakorn C, Stahl C. Streptococcal salivarius meningitis following myelography. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1992;13:454. 4. Baird RW. Streptococcal meningitis complicating myelography: report of additional cases. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:392. 5. Gelfand MS, Cook DM. Streptococcal meningitis as a complication of diagnostic myelography: medicolegal aspects. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:130–2.
KLUN Ivana and DJURKOVIĆ-DJAKOVIĆ Olgica: Toxoplasma gondii in pork

Background. The constant growth of the global population has led to increasing food production, which has been particularly evident in the production of pork in recent years. In 2015, the number of pigs surpassed one billion, and in 2018 a record high of 120 million tonnes of pork was produced worldwide. In spite of the expansion and dominance of specialized industrial farming in developed countries, Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs as a source of human infection remains an issue in traditional smallscale farming. The disease burden of toxoplasmosis is estimated to be the highest of all parasitic infections and even higher than that of salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis. Scope and Approach. This paper reviews the latest research on T. gondii-contaminated pork and pork products, published in the past decade. As current methods do not allow for practical and cost-effective detection of T. gondii at slaughter, efforts towards safe meat have focused on the detection of the parasite in pork and ready-to-eat pork products and on post-harvest mitigation measures. Key Findings and Conclusions. In contrast to recommendations for preventing Trichinella infection, there are no globally applicable standardised and validated inactivation procedures for rendering T. gondii infected pork/pork products safe for consumers. Moreover, there are no EU regulations in place for the prevention of T. gondii infection by consumption of pork and pork products. Recommended actions, both at the producer and consumer levels, include post-harvest processing such as cooking, freezing, and proper salting/curing.
The Most Fundamental Object in All of Physics: A Formal Theory of The Observer

The observer has so far avoided comprehensive integration into the formalism of physics, even if observer related effects were found to be indissociable from quantum mechanics about a century ago. Here, we propose a mathematically comprehensive theory of the observer suitable for use as the foundation of theoretical physics. At the highest level of abstraction, the observer is understood by its participation in nature as the experimental testing of predictive theories, followed by falsification and refinements where appropriate. But as it stands these methods are informal, leading to ambiguities in their formulation. To eliminate these ambiguities, we will first define experiments as reproducible protocols, and express them in terms of Turing complete languages and halting programs. A listing of such experiments is recursively enumerable and as a “map” of all knowledge serves as a foundation for the formalization of all science. In turn this formalization leads to the remarkable result that the observer takes centre-stage as a measure space on all possible experiments, from which fundamental physics is entailed self-reflectively as the rules that observer participation in nature can and cannot do.
POTENTIAL ACTIVITY OF THE SEEDS OF BALANITES AEGYPTIACA AGAINST IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME AND HEMORRHOID

aegyptiaca (Family: Zygophyllaceae) is scientifically proven to have extensive medicinal values. In the present research work an effort has been taken to explore its seeds kernel for the potential activity against croton oil induced hemorrhoid modal in rat and against irritable bowel syndrome induced by acetic acid in rats. The results show that anti-hemorrhoidal and anti-IBS activity of Balanites aegyptiaca seed kernel extract at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight was comparable with anti-hemorrhoidal activity of standard drug treatment 20 mg/kg body weight of hydrocortisone. For IBS the intestinal movement of rat ileum given by 10% solution of seed extracts was compared with standard drug 0.01mg/ml atropine solution. The data also supplement for severity score, Recto anal coefficient and histopathological study of rectoanal tissue section of rat. Antihemorrhoidal and anti-IBS activity of seed kernel extract of Balanites aegyptiaca showed significant p value of, P≤ 0.01 and P≤ 0.01.
Managing Universal Basic Education for Breaking Poverty Circle in Nigeria

The study investigated managing universal basic education for breaking poverty circle in South-west geo-political zone, Nigeria. The objectives of this study is to determine the relationship between free school feeding, free uniforms, quality learning environment and breaking poverty circle in South-west geo-political zone public primary schools. To achieve this, three hypotheses were formulated and tested. Quantitative research design was used for the study. A self-constructed questionnaire title “Managing Education for Breaking Poverty Circle Questionnaire” (MEBPCQ) was used to collect information for the study. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation statistic. All hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that there was a positive and significant relationship between free school feeding, free uniforms, quality learning environment and breaking poverty circle in public primary schools in South-west geo-political zone, Nigeria. It was recommended that there is need for all tiers of government to devote a greater part of resources to education by giving free feeding to pupils in basic education in order to improve nutritional intake of children school age towards learning, government should also continue provide adequate free school uniforms in order to have higher enrolment of children in schools, reduces school absenteeism as well as eliminating gap between pupils of different background. Furthermore, government should also create enabling quality learning environment in school such as electricity, water, good road and the likes in order to encourage learning by doing and increase interest in learning, encourage social relationship, gives room for academic achievement and success, building confidence in pupils as well as lower absenteeism and dropout rate which in turn breaking poverty circle in south-west geo-political zone, Nigeria.
Impact of anti-inflammatory corticosteroids on changes in selected cytoimmunological parameters in selected interstitial lung diseases

higher in treated patients, e.g. for PS (untreated: 0,6 ± 0,5%; treated: 4,0 ± 2,5%), NSIP (untreated: 3,4 ± 1,8%; treated: 13,1 ± 5,1%; median ± SEM, p<0.05 for both). In all GKS-treated groups corticosteroid therapy caused lower CD4/CD8 index, but only on the level of statistical tendency (e.g. for PS untreated: 4,7 ± 0,5%, treated: with 2,9 ± 0,9%) for IPF (untreated: 1,2 ± 0,5%, treated: with 1,1 ± 0,5%; median ± SEM for both). Conclusions. Systemic inflammatory glucocorticoid therapy (GKS) in all included groups of patients results in a decrease in the total number of alveolar lymphocytes, which is most likely related to the significant increase apoptosis rate of these cells. GKS medication in a similar extent caused probably both the death of helper (Th) and cytotoxic lymphocytes (Tc), since the decline in the value of CD4/CD8 index in treated patients compared with untreated ones was insignificant. A characteristic BAL cytological change in all tested ILD after GKS administration was a remarkable decrease in eosinophil percentage. interstitial 1 The BD FACSCalibur flow cytometer (488nm argon laser) collected data for at least 10,000 cells of each individual sample, including their sizes (forward scatter, FSC), side scatter, SSC and fluorescence intensity FL1, FL2 and FL3 . The results were calculated as a percentage of positive BAL lymphocytes in a given stain. Defining the AL field. in the CD45 / SSC parameter system, detailed criteria for the qualification of BAL material for testing and the conditions of cytometric analysis were previously described [16].
Bilayer channel and free-surface thin film flow over topography

The work presented in this thesis focuses on gravity driven bilayer flow over a functional surface containing topography, with both liquids taken to be perfectly immiscible. Two such problems are considered and investigated systematically: (i) when the flow is confined between two rigid surfaces ("channel flow"); (ii) for the case of free-surface film flow down an inclined plane ("free-surface flow"). Both problems are underpinned by rigorous and comprehensive mathematical derivations, and the governing equation sets, resulting from application of the long-wave approximation, solved numerically using efficient and accurate finite difference algorithms programmed in C++. Such problems have received scant attention to-date. The channel flow work begins by revisiting the problem investigated by Lenz and Kumar (2007) and Zhou and Kumar (2012), to explore bilayer flow for the particular case of one Newtonian liquid lying above another and confined by rigid surfaces aligned parallel to each other, the lower one containing a steep-sided topographical feature. The investigation carried out serves a number of important purposes, the first being to establish the validity of the modelling and numerical approaches adopted, with the mesh independent results obtained found to be in excellent agreement with earlier work. In addition, the depth-averaged equation set derived in the thesis enables solutions to be obtained when the Reynolds number is non-zero, in contrast to the work of others which achieved only partial success. Finally, the situation when the upper wall of the channel is allowed to move horizontally with a constant speed, inducing a shear flow, is investigated for the first time. Bilayer free surface film flow over steep-sided topography, solutions to which have not been reported in the literature hitherto, is similarly investigated; comparisons having to be drawn for consistency and verification purposes with the case of single layer flow, Decre and Baret (2003), Gaskell et al. (2004), Veremieiev et al. (2010). Both zero and non-zero Reynolds number flow are considered and the governing equation sets and finite difference expressions re-derived to accommodate non-Newtonian behaviour, for the particular case of power-law liquids; it is found that for the latter case the associated depth-averaged equation set as formulated cannot be solved unless additional simplifications are adopted. In addition, for the case of Newtonian liquids, it is shown that the work can be extended to embody the more practical situation of three-dimensional bilayer film flow over topography. The mathematical model for this same film flow problem is extended to accommodate N layers, for the case when the Reynolds number is zero, with the derivation provided for completeness.
Genealogies of two linked neutral loci after a selective sweep in a large population of stochastically varying size

Abstract We study the impact of a hard selective sweep on the genealogy of partially linked neutral loci in the vicinity of the positively selected allele. We consider a sexual population of stochastically varying size and, focusing on two neighboring loci, derive an approximate formula for the neutral genealogy of a sample of individuals taken at the end of the sweep. Individuals are characterized by ecological parameters depending on their genetic type, and governing their growth rate and interactions with other individuals (competition). As a consequence, the `fitness' of an individual depends on the population state and is not an intrinsic characteristic of individuals. We provide a deep insight into the dynamics of the mutant and wild-type populations during the different stages of a selective sweep.
Investigating the Presence of Aspergillus Fumigatus and Aspergillus Flavus Using Galactomannan Enzyme Assay and TaqMan Real-Time PCR Technique

Background: Invasiveaspergillosis(IA),aseriousandfataldisease,iscausedbynumerousopportunisticfungiincluding Aspergillus species. Lackof earlydiagnosisanddelayintreatmentleadtotherapidspreadof theinfectionandrelapse,increasetreatmentcosts, and ultimately cause death. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the presence of Aspergillus species by Galactomannan EIA (GM) and TaqMan q PCR methods. Methods: Fluid samples of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were collected from 89 patients, who were at risk for IA and underwent a bronchoscopy at Shariati hospital in Tehran, Iran. The specimens were examined using direct examination, culture methods, and GM and TaqMan real-time PCR. Results: A total of 23 samples were found to be positive in direct examination, 7 were identiﬁed as A. fumigatus , and 11 were positive as A. ﬂavus incultureassays,27wereGMpositive,and29werepositivewithPAN Aspergillus probe. Moreover,7sampleswerepositive with A.fumigatus probeand11werepositivewith A. ﬂavus probe. Negativepredictivevalue(NPV),sensitivity,positivepredictivevalue (PPV), and speciﬁcity for a ≥ 1.0 BAL GM level were 98.4%, 94.4%, 62.9%, and 85.9%, respectively, and were 100% for TaqMan Real time PCR. Conclusions: OurﬁndingsrevealedthatTaqManreal-timePCRhasagreatvaluefordetectionof Aspergillus speciesinBALspecimen. Since early diagnosis has been highly considered to prevent the occurrence of drug resistance and mortality rate, it is necessary to usethismethoddirectlytodetect Aspergillus speciesinBALorbloodspecimenswithoutculture. Ontheotherhand,Galactomannan assaywitha98.4% NPVcouldbeusedtoscreenthepatientswithsuspectedinvasiveaspergillosis. Additionally,duetothelackofneed for specialized devices, an appropriate diagnostic technique should be used in laboratories that do not have access to specialized procedures.
Evaluation of Different Mixtures of Bioagents and Antioxidants with Bioagents on Root-Rot in Strawberries

trawberry is one of the most important vegetable crops in Egypt for exportation. This is due to the good characteristic and early appearance in market. Black root rot is a common disease in strawberry caused by a group of soil borne pathogens include Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani and Macrophomina phaseolina . This disease causes economic losses in strawberry and on a wide range of other cultivated plants. Biological control is used as environmental friend alternative method in plant protection. Bioagent alone, sometimes, cannot replace effective control achieve by chemical fungicides. Therefore, this research studied how to improve or increase the effect of biocontrol agents by mixing two different bioagents together ( Trichoderma harzianum with Bacillus subtilis , Trichoderma harzianum with P. fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis with P. fluorescens ) or by mixing these bioagents with different antioxidants instead of using single treatment. Two different antioxidants, i.e. potassium tartrate and salicylic acid+ ascorbic acid , were used under field conditions. Results showed that all treatments led to clear significant reduction in disease incidence compare with control treatment. Mixture of T. harzianum and B. subtilis gave the highest level of plant protection and led to increase the fruit yield. T. harzianum and P. fluorescens occupied the second rank, whereas mixture of B. subtilis and P. fluorescens was the least effective one. Combination between antioxidants and different bioagents resulted in significant reduction to the disease compared with single treatment. Synergistic effect was noticed when potassium tartrate was mixed with any of the used bioagents and reduction in disease incidence combined with yield increase were recorded. Mixture of potassium tartrate and T. harzianum was the best one, followed by mixture of potassium tartrate and B. subtilis . Potassium tartrate and P. fluorescens was the least effective mixture compare with control. Laboratory analysis for treated plants showed that disease control was positively correlated with amount of free and total phenols in treated plants. Amount of protein and chlorophyll positively correlated with fruit yield.
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF NEOLITHIC PERIOD FOOTPRINTS FROM BARCIN HÖYÜK, TURKEY

Presented here are a pair of preserved footprints discovered in 2014 at the site of Barcın Höyük, a Neolithic site located in northwestern Turkey. Found within the entrance of Structure 2a, the footprints date to approximately 6400 cal. BC. Footprints are rarely discovered in prehistoric settlements, adding significance to their study and to the conditions that led to their formation and ultimate preservation. This article provides anthropological estimations for the individuals who left the footprints and discusses the possibility of symbolism using contextual information and ethnographic and archaeological parallels. The measurements and analyses confirm that the footprints are the bare left and right foot of a single individual and provide clues about the biological profile of the individual. The footprint of the right foot produces various measurements such as footprint length, breadth and heel breadth. When compared with known standards, the print appears likely to be of an adult male 169.9 cm tall (with a 16.78 CI at 95% ranging from 153.1-186.66 cm) and weighing 71.9 kg (with a 31.14 kg CI at 95% ranging from 40.76 – 103.04 kg).
PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES FOR KEEPING QULITY OF SOLIDAGO CUT FLOWER

The present investigation was carried out during 2006 and 2007 seasons to study the effect of some preservative solution treatments, packaging materials and cold storage periods in keeping quality of Solidago canadensis . The obtained results indicated that, spraying flowers with 5 ppm BA +1ml/L Voporgard then placed in 2% sucrose+200 ppm 8-HQS solution, significantly increased the vase life, maximum increase of fresh weight %, decreased bacterial counts on vase solution, increased chlorophyll content, carotenoid, total, reducing, non-reducing sugar and decrease proline. While spraying with 5 ppm BA +1ml/L Voporgard then placed in 200 ppm 8-HQS solution recorded the highest water uptake. Packaging with Kraft paper and storage at 3 °C for I week increased vase life, maximum increase of fresh weight %, and recorded the highest water uptake. The treatment of interaction between packaging with Tissue paper and storage at 3 °C for I week recorded the longest vase life, the highest value of maximum increase of fresh weight % and highest amount of water uptake. The treatment of interaction between packaging with Kraft paper and storage at 3 °C for I week resulted decreased in bacterial counts on vase solution, increased chlorophyll content, carotenoid, total, reducing, non-reducing sugar and decrease proline.
The Use of Digital Media Platforms Education and Supporting Self During The COVID

The outbreak of the novel Sars and innovative ways of doing things including the global closure of schools as a mitigating factor to reduce the spread of the virus, most schools have been forced to move online, using digital media technologies to deliver instructional material online learning is not a new recent times due to this study explore Coast (UCC), Ghana the pandemic these platforms and self-online video conferencing platforms social media platforms the pandemic difficult to benefit fully f useful for