Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organic Cowpea “Vigna unguiculatea” Production by Smart Agritechnique of Organic Fertilizers Mixture ”OFM” and Vermitea Levels and Beneficial Microbes “BM”

Positive response of cowpea to three levels (4, 6 and 8 t/fed.) of MOF “the mixture of 25% vermicompost+ 25% chicken manure+25% cow dump+25% plant composted” alone and in combination with beneficial microbes B.M. (the mixture of Azotobacter, Bacillus megatherium and Bacillus circulance) and three times of vermitea (VTS3) were adding (3 times on soil drench) were studied. Two field experiments were carried out at a private farm El Amryia, Egypt in two different sites. Experimental field was laid out with 13 treatments in RCBD with three replicates. On results, T13=MOF (8T/fed.)+B.M. +VTS3 gave the highest mean values of plant height (281.5cm), No. of branches (12.7), No. of pods/plant (37.6), total chlorophyll (60.25 SPAD) in leaves, pod weight (141.0 g/plant) and total pod yield (2924.704 kg/fed) as an average of both sites. The lowest means values at T1 “the control” were (81.6 cm, 2.8, 10.6, 16.8 SPAD, 39.3 g/plant and 815.555 kg/fed as an average of both sites, respectively). As well as; T13 lead to significant increases in grain quality of (N, P and K % and proteins %) were (4.7,0.5,0.9 % and 29.8%, respectively) compared to T1 (1.0, 0.11, 0.21and 6.7%, respectively). While T13 was caused significantly increases in mean values by the mixture of bio-organic fertilizers and bio-pesticides provided best results in vegetative growth, total pod yield and grain quality more than T1 in poor nutrients soil. Organic cowpea was produced by bio-organic fertilizers “MOF+B.M. ” and vermitea “VTS” really “chemicals free”, health protection, cost lowest and environmental friendly.
ANALISA PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DI TENGAH PANDEMI VIRUS CORONA COVID-19

Virus corona covid-19 sedang melanda dunia pada saat ini, tak terkecuali Indonesia, virus corona covid-19 turut serta mempengaruhi dunia pendidikan dimana proses belajar mengajar yang biasanya dilakukan secara tatap muka diruang kelas akibat pendemi virus corona covid 19 proses belajar mengajar harus dilakukan melalui pembelajaran jarak jauh, hal ini lakukan untuk mendukung pemerintah dalam menekan laju penyebaran virus corona, sesuai dengan kebijakan pemerintah, Presiden Jokowi menyampaikan kebijakan belajar dari rumah, bekerja dari rumah, dan beribadah di rumah harus benar-benar efektif dilakukan, proses Belajar dari Rumah dilakukan melalui pembelajaran daring atau jarak jauh dengan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh ditengah pandemi virus corona covid-19 pada Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika dan hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh pada Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika ditengah pandemi virus corona covid19, proses pembelajaran bisa berjalan dengan baik dengan adanya teknologi informasi yang sudah berkembang pesat saat ini diantaranya elearning, google class, whatsapp, zoom serta media infromasi lainnya serta jaringan internet yang dapat menghubungkan dosen dan mahasiswa sehingga proses belajar mengajar dapat berjalan dengan baik sebagai mana mestinya meskipun ditengah pandemi virus corona covid-19.
Synthèse, stabilité et toxicité de quantum dots à coeur CdSe

Parce qu'ils presentent des proprietes remarquables par rapport a leurs equivalents massifs, les nanomateriaux occupent une place de plus en plus importante dans l'industrie et en medecine. Leur essor rapide a genere de nombreuses craintes dans l'opinion publique notamment au regard de certaines meconnaissances liees a leur toxicite. Notre projet vise l'utilisation du seleniure de cadmium (CdSe) comme materiau modele afin d'etablir une correlation entre la structure chimique des nanoparticules, leur reactivite de surface, leur (photo)stabilite et leur toxicite. Des quantum dots (QDs) CdSe et alliages CdSe(S) ont ete prepares en milieu aqueux a 100°C ou par voie hydrothermale de maniere a ne differer que par leur structure chimique de coeur (alliage ternaire vs semi-conducteur binaire) alors que d'autres parametres comme la taille, la charge ou la nature du ligand de surface, ont ete maintenus constants. Des etudes de cytotoxicite menees sur Escherichia coli ont montre que la liberation de Cd2+ jouait un role important dans la toxicite pour les deux QDs. Nos resultats ont egalement mis en evidence que les QDs CdSe(S) allies etaient plus stables et moins toxiques que les QDs CdSe. Sans negliger l'importance de la liberation d'ion Cd2+ par les nanoparticules, une correlation entre la stabilite et la production d'especes reactives de l? oxygene (EROs) a montre que la toxicite etait en partie dependante de la photostabilite des QDs. Notre etude met en perspective une relation entre la reactivite, la stabilite du coeur des nanoparticules, et la toxicite photo-induite
Genetic Variability, Character Association, Frequency and Normality Distribution Studies for F2 Population of BPT-5204 x WAB-450 Cross

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) has a renowned relationship with the human since ages. It is the world‟s second most widely grown cereal crop after wheat and presently, more than half of the world‟s population depends on it as a staple diet. „Rice is life‟ for human beings especially in Asian subcontinent, Asia can be considered as “Rice Basket” of the world, as 90 per cent of world‟s rice is grown and consumed with 60 per cent of population and International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 5 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Exploring Elementary Teachers', Students' Beliefs and Readiness toward STEAM Education

21st century demands education to promote students with STEAM competencies. Most researches on STEAM are mainly focused on students’ learning outcomes on STEAM, but only few address non-cognitive aspects. It is necessary to examine elementary teachers and students’ beliefs and readiness towards STEAM learning. The purpose of this research is to explore teachers’ and students’ beliefs and readiness towards STEAM learning. The survey-designed method was used in this research. A total of 34 elementary school teachers and 36 elementary school students in the city of Bandung participated in this research. The samples were selected using a random sampling technique. Questionnaires were used to collect research data. The results obtained from this research show that students and teachers have positive perceptions in career and benefit of STEAM learning. Students are actually interested in STEAM learning, but the competencies and factors that support and stimulate STEAM learning in schools are still low. The teacher has low competencies to implement STEAM learning. This is due to the lack of knowledge and understanding of teachers about STEAM. This research is expected to contribute to the novelty of teachers’ readiness and beliefs in STEAM education in the city of Bandung
Assessment of responses of North Atlantic winter SST to the NAO in 13 CMIP5 models on the interannual scale

Abstract. This study evaluates the response of winter-averaged sea surface temperature (SST) to the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) simulated by 13 CMIP5 Earth System Models in the North Atlantic (NA) (0–65° N) on the interannual scale. Only 7 models can reproduce an observed tripolar pattern of the response of SST anomalies to the NAO, and most of the models cannot generate the observed impact of variations of the turbulent heat flux on the response of SST anomalies to the NAO. In the subpolar NA (45–65° N) where the influences of sensible/latent heat fluxes on SST are obvious, most of the models simulate a positive response of SST to the turbulent heat flux in the large area of this region, which is opposite to the observations, and probably generate the incorrect positive response of SST to the NAO in some models. In the subtropical NA (25–45° N), the observations show a significant influence of latent heat flux (LHF) on SST, but the overestimated oceanic role in the interaction of the LHF and SST in most CMIP5 models results in an incorrect positive response of SST anomalies to the LHF anomalies in a large area of the subtropical NA. Besides the turbulent heat flux, the meridional advection is also important to the change of the SST in the NA. The analysis of the simulated and observed results shows that NAO-driven meridional advection can cause the increase/decrease of SST during the positive phase of the NAO in the subtropical/subpolar NA. This is probably one of the main causes why the models can simulate the realistic positive response of SST anomalies to the NAO in the subtropical NA, but the strength of the positive response is relatively weak.
Pedigree-based estimation of human mobile element retrotransposition rates

Germline mutation rates in humans have been estimated for a variety of mutation types, including single nucleotide and large structural variants. Here we directly measure the germline retrotransposition rate for the three active retrotransposon elements: L1, Alu, and SVA. We utilized three tools for calling Mobile Element Insertions (MEIs) (MELT, RUFUS, and TranSurVeyor) on blood-derived whole genome sequence (WGS) data from 603 CEPH individuals, comprising 33 three-generation pedigrees. We identified 27 de novo MEIs in 440 births. The retrotransposition rate estimates for Alu elements, one in 40, is roughly half the rate estimated using phylogenetic analyses, a difference in magnitude similar to that observed for single nucleotide variants. The L1 retrotransposition rate is one in 62 births and is within range of previous estimates (1:20-1:200 births). The SVA retrotransposition rate, one in 55 births, is much higher than the previous estimate of one in 900 births. Our large, three-generation pedigrees allowed us to assess parent-of-origin effects and the timing of insertion events in either gametogenesis or early embryonic development. We find a statistically significant paternal bias in Alu retrotransposition. Our study represents the first in-depth analysis of the rate and dynamics of human retrotransposition from WGS data in three-generation human pedigrees.
Estimation of Phenotypic Trend in Performance Traits of Native Chicken Germplasm of Himachal Pradesh

Native chicken germplasm is playing an important role in development of location specific chicken stocks suitable for rural backyard poultry production. In the present study, on-farm performance evaluation for various growth, sexual maturity and egg production traits was done of native chicken population. First four generations of the native birds produced through selective breeding was evaluated. The performance traits evaluated were growth (Chick weight, 4th week BW, 8th week BW, 12th week BW, 20th week BW and 40th week BW), age at sexual maturity (ASM), hen housed egg production (HHEP), hen day egg production (HDEP) and survivor egg production (SEP) at 40 weeks, 52 weeks and 72 weeks of age and egg weight at 28 weeks, 40 weeks and 52 weeks age. The phenotypic means and variability for different traits was estimated generation wise and the phenotypic time trend over the generations was estimated for various performance traits. The analysis revealed positive phenotypic trends in day old chick weight (0.70 g), 8 weeks BW (34.64 g), 12 weeks BW (63.80 g), 20th week body weight (25.01 g), negative trend in age at first egg (-4.8 days) and age at 25% HHEP (-3.5 days), positive trend in egg weight at 28-week (2.1 g), 40-week (1.5 g) and 52-week (0.4 g). The hen day egg production at 40 weeks, 52 weeks and 72 weeks of age showed positive phenotypic trend of 3.8, 6.1 and 2.3 eggs. Further, hen housed and survivor egg production also showed positive trend estimates at 40, 52 and 72 weeks age. Negative or declining trends were observed in growth traits viz. 4 weeks BW (-16.4 g) and 40 weeks BW (-55.45 g). The results of present analysis indicated the effectiveness of the selection along with improved management for bringing improvement in egg production traits of the population in succeeding generations.
The Toxic Effect of Ytterbium on Planaria May Involve a Variety of Ion Channels

The effect of toxic concentrations of Yb3+ on the Ca, K, Na, Mg, and Cl channels of planaria was investigated through the use of various agonists and antagonists to those channels. Results reveal that Yb toxicity is mediated through L-type Ca channels, but not T-type. Toxicity is also mediated by way of some sub-type of K channel, Na channels, and Cl. The mechanisms of Yb toxicity have some overlap with, but are not identical, to that seen for La. More detailed studies of this metal needs to be conducted.
Effect of yeast based mannan oligosaccharide (Actigen™) supplementation on growth, carcass characteristics and physiological response in broiler chickens

The effect of a prebiotic mannan oligosaccharides (Actigen™) supplementation for 35 days was analyzed on growth, carcass traits and blood physiology of broilers. A total of 360-day-old broilers distributed under completely randomized design into four treatment groups with 24 replicates of 15 birds each was fed with Actigen™ supplemented diets @ 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/Kg and a control diet. Data for growth performance were collected weekly while slaughtering data at 35th day. Results showed that the birds fed with Actigen™ added diet @ 0.6 g/Kg exhibited improved livability% (98.88±1.11), feed intake (3391.68±38.70 g), body weight (2157.66±31.52 g), weight gain (2111.49±30.89 g), FCR (1.57±0.03), dressing% (72.28±0.40), breast yield% (29.58±0.05), thigh yield% (31.61±0.30) and blood biochemical parameters. Superior (P£0.05) antibody response against ND and IB were recorded in birds exposed to Actigen™ supplemented diet @ 0.6 g/Kg. It was concluded that Actigen™ supplementation @ 0.6 g/Kg corroborated to improve growth, carcass traits, blood biochemistry and antibody response in broilers.
Measuring Evidence for Mediation in the Presence of Measurement Error

Mediation analysis empirically investigates the process underlying the effect of an experimental manipulation on a dependent variable of interest. In the simplest mediation setting, the experimental treatment can affect the dependent variable through the mediator (indirect effect) and/or directly (direct effect). However, what appears to be an indirect effect in standard mediation analysis may reflect a data-generating process without mediation, including the possibility of a reversed causal ordering of measured variables, regardless of the statistical properties of the estimate. To overcome this indeterminacy where possible, the authors develop the insight that a statistically reliable total effect, combined with strong evidence for conditional independence of the treatment and the outcome given the mediator, is unequivocal evidence for mediation as the underlying causal model into an operational procedure. This is particularly helpful when theory is insufficient to definitely causally order measured variables, or when the dependent variable is measured before what is believed to be the mediator. The procedure combines Bayes factors as principled measures of the degree of support for conditional independence, with latent variable modeling to account for measurement error and discretization in a fully Bayesian framework. The authors reanalyze a set of published mediation studies to illustrate how their approach facilitates stronger conclusions.
RPA phosphorylation regulates DNA resection

Genetic recombination in all kingdoms of life initiates when helicases and nucleases process (resect) the free DNA ends to expose single-stranded (ss) DNA overhangs. Resection termination in bacteria is programmed by a DNA sequence but the mechanisms limiting resection in eukaryotes have remained elusive. Using single-molecule imaging of reconstituted human DNA repair factors, we identify a general mechanism that limits DNA resection. BLM helicase together with EXO1 and DNA2 nucleases catalyze kilobase-length DNA resection on nucleosome-coated DNA. The resulting ssDNA is rapidly bound by RPA, which is in turn phosphorylated as part of the DNA damage response (DDR). Remarkably, phosphorylated RPA (pRPA) inhibits DNA resection via regulation of BLM helicase. pRPA suppresses BLM initiation at DNA ends and promotes the intrinsic helicase strand-switching activity. These findings establish that pRPA is a critical regulator of DNA repair enzymes and provides a feedback loop between the DDR and DNA resection termination.
Age at Marriage, Social Norms, and Female Education in Nepal

We study the impact of age at marriage on female education. We hypothesise that in cultures where females marry young, parents' discount the pecuniary benefitts of educating girls; the earlier the anticipated age at marriage the greater this discount. We empirically test this effect using household data from Nepal. We control for potential endogeneity of age at marriage by exploiting variations in cultural norms regarding dowry and differences in average age of female marriage among ethnicities and regions as instrumental variables. The econometric results support the hypothesis that female education is negatively affected by cultural norms that favour early marriage.
COVID-19, Oil Prices, and Exchange Rates: A Five-Currency Examination

During the first quarter of 2020, the spread of the COVID-19 proved to be very detrimental to many countries’ social well-being and economic conditions. Also, in early March, when the disease was already a pandemic, Saudi Arabia substantially increased its oil production, plunging oil prices. In this context, this study examines the long- and short-term relationships between the exchange rates of three oil-exporting and two oil-importing countries’ currencies with COVID-19 variables, as well as with crude oil prices. The results of the ARDL estimations show that, in the case of two countries, there was a close relationship between the exchange rate and the COVID-19 variables. Also, the outcomes imply an inverse and significant relationship between the movements of the oil prices and the exchange rates.
Point pedotransfer functions for estimating soil water retention curve

A b s t r a c t. Soil water retention curve (SWRC) is one of the most important soil hydraulic properties, whose estimation is still under consideration. In this study, we used 315 soil samples from the UNSODA database to develop three models of point pedotransfer functions (PTFs) and to verify them. We also used an independent database, GRIZZLY, with 59 samples, to verify the developed point PTFs and to compare them with the Rosetta model. Multiple linear regression and stepwise methods were used to derive pedotransfer functions. In the first model, soil texture data ie sand, silt, and clay content, geometric mean particle-size diameter and geometric standard deviation as well as bulk density were used to develop point PTFs at 10 matric potentials. In the second model, water content at field capacity, and in the third model water content at field capacity and permanent wilting point were also used for developing PTFs at 9 and 8 matric potentials, respectively. To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the point PTFs, we used crossvalidation eg repeated random splitting of the data set into subsets for development and validation. The calculated RMSE values showed that all three developed point PTFs estimated soil water retention curve better than the Rosetta model. K e y w o r d s: field capacity, point pedotransfer functions, permanent wilting point, soil water retention curve
Introduction to the Karoo Special Issue: Trajectories of Change in the Anthropocene§

The Karoo is an arid to semi-arid area across the western third of South Africa, comprising the Succulent Karoo and Nama-Karoo biomes. Its environment and people have experienced considerable changes, and now face new challenges as the Anthropocene unfolds. This Karoo Special Issue (KSI) brings together new information in 20 papers, a mixture of reviews, research articles and commentaries, significantly adding to previous syntheses of Karoo knowledge. The KSI comprises several sections focusing on different aspects of change, namely a lead article that provides an overview of social and environmental changes, followed by papers concerning changes over time from deep history to contemporary conditions (Xhaeruh to Karoo), insights from long-term studies at several sites across the area, different perspectives of ecosystem processes, and ending with a set of reflections and proposals for research priorities. We end this introduction by dedicating the KSI to two outstanding scholars of the Karoo: Dr Suzanne J Milton and Dr W Richard J Dean. These KSI papers, many of which were written by their colleagues, friends and former students, represents a Festschrift that celebrates and honours their research as well as the inspiration and leadership they gave to a generation of scientists.
A Original Article ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF BARK AND LEAVES OF FICUS RELIGIOSA L. FROM NEPAL

Objective: Because of adverse side effects, caused by NSAIDs, tolerance, and dependence induced by opiates, the use of these analgesic agents has not been successful in all cases. Therefore, alternative analgesic drugs from plant sources are the new target now days. The objective of this study was to evaluate the analgesic activity of ethanolic extracts of stem barks and leaves of Ficus religiosa. Methods: The analgesic activity of ethanolic extract of stem barks and leaves was evaluated in the Swiss albino mice model using acetic acid-induced writing response and Eddy’s hot plate method. Analgesic activity was demonstrated with the percentage inhibition of acetic acid induced writings and the percentage increased in latency time of paw licking. The potency of test extracts was compared with standard drug, Diclofenac. Results: Ethanolic extract of leaves and bark of F. religiosa showed potential analgesic activity from both methods. From Eddy’s hot plate model, it was observed that the percentage of increased latency time at 90 min by ethanolic extract of leaves and stem bark was found to be 70.81 % (8.54 min) and 70.78 % (8.53 min) respectively at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Both of these results are statistically significant (p<0.05) as compared to the test group. Furthermore, both of these extracts showed the dose-dependent and time-dependent increased in latency time and these results are compared to that of standard drug Diclofenac. Similarly, ethanolic extract of leaves and stem at 400 mg/kg significantly inhibited the number of writhings induced by acetic acid. The percentage inhibition of writhings by ethanolic extract of leaves at a dose of 400 mg/kg was 68.47 % which was similar to that of standard drug Diclofenac (68.47 %). However, ethanolic extract of bark showed relatively lower percentage inhibition (60.79 %) as compared to leaf extract and standard, but the result was significant as compared to that of the test group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Ethanolic extracts of F. religiosa stem bark and leaf possess both central and peripheral analgesic properties and these effects may be beneficial for the management of pain.