Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect Of Cellular Phone SMS As Health Education Media About HIV And AIDS On Health Service Search Behavior Of Women Sex Workers

Abstract Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks white blood cells (lymphocytes) that cause the decline of human immune. High risk groups such as Female Sex Workers (FSWs) tend not to access health services because of the decrimination they face in society. Health promotion is still an important strategy in increasing self-awareness of FSWs to perform Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) examination, one of them is through the utilization of cellular phone technology. This study aims to determine the effect of cell phone Short Message Service (SMS) as a media health education about HIV and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) to health seeking behavior of FSWs. Pre-experimental design one group pre-test pos-ttest design was conducted at 33 FSWs at Terminal Pesiapan, Tabanan District. The results of pre-test and post-test showed an influence on behavior (knowledge, attitude and action) after SMS based health promotion intervention (p <0,05), knowledge (p = 0,039), attitude (p = 0,003), and action (p = 0,000). After the intervention there was an increase in behavior that is on knowledge 30,3%, 36,4% attitude and 63,6% action. Mobile phone SMS media proves to be effective in conveying health information so as to raise awareness of FSWs in conducting HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). An innovative, short, easy-to-understand message on HIV and AIDS should be provided with simple language and regular use of cellular-based information technology by healthcare workers. Keywords: Behavior, FSWs, Health Education, Mobile Phone SMS
The Dark Matter of Bilateral Preferential Margins: An Assessment of the Effect of US Tariffs

This article aimed to quantify the impact of United States (US) trade policies and assess how changes in tariff margins will affect imports to the US. To do that, we estimated trade elasticities by sector using a gravity structural model, computed US preference margins on a bilateral basis, and investigated alternative scenarios for properly measuring the effects of US trade agreements on international trade. Results showed that the removal of all preferences might lead to a negative net effect of $41,202 million (2% of predicted trade), indicating that the actual US structure of tariffs generates a trade diversion to less efficient exporters and destroys trade flows, even if the impact differs by sector.
Spatial-Temporal Pattern of Mismatch Degree of High-Quality Tourism Development and Its Formation Mechanism in Taihu Lake Basin, China

High-quality development is the theme of China’s economic and social development in the new era, the only way to build a powerful tourism economy, and also the objective demand to solve the practical problems and promote the transformation and upgrading of tourism. However, problems such as inefficient operation, environmental pollution, and slow industrial upgrading have become prominent in the development process of China’s tourism industry in recent years, in which a gap exists with the realization of high-quality development goals. Therefore, scientific control of the gap and deviation between the actual development level and the high-quality development goals of tourism is helpful for promoting the green and sustainable development of regional tourism. This study, taking the Taihu Lake Basin as an example, made a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the spatial-temporal pattern of high-quality development mismatch of tourism from 2010 to 2019, using the health distance model to analyze its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, and combining the obstacle degree model and qualitative comparative analysis of fuzzy set to analyze its influencing mechanism. The empirical results show that: (1) the mismatch degree of high-quality development of tourism in the Taihu Lake Basin shows a downward trend, and the regional imbalance is prominent, showing polarization characteristics; (2) among the six systems, only the green system and the cultural and tourism resource system are in the matching type, the dominant system of mismatch type is different in each city, and it shows the characteristics of the transformation from external environmental obstacle to internal environmental obstacle in the process of transition from mismatch type to matching type; (3) the spatiotemporal pattern of high-quality development mismatch of tourism is the result of six systems working together, in which the innovative development system is the core driving force, the coordinated development system is the potential driving force, the green development system is the direct driving force, the open development system has the guiding function, the shared development system is the external driving force, and the literature and tourism resource system is the basic driving force. Therefore, the paper puts forward three types of combination paths and corresponding suggestions that can promote the transformation and upgrading of tourism and achieve coordinated development of the Taihu Lake Basin.
Gamification design to increase motivation in online learning environments: A systematic review

Lack of learner motivation is one of the problems that can be encountered in online learning settings. Gamification can be offered as a possible solution to the motivational problems in online learning environments. In this regard, this study aims to give a general idea of gamification studies focusing on motivation in online learning and to provide practical suggestions on designing gamification. In order to access relevant studies, Web of Science Core Collection database was reviewed. In total, 90 articles in SSCI index journals have been systematically analyzed and 10 of them meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed in detail. While one of those studies revealed no significant effect of gamification on motivation, the rest of them showed that gamification is effective in fostering students’ motivation. This review provides a general overview about the effect of gamification on motivation and suggestions for future implications such as including badges or points to show competence, using competitive and collaborative elements together, preparing different types of leaderboards, providing students with immediate and automated feedback, giving students challenges suitable for their skills, developing adaptive gamification systems for different learner needs, and eliminating technical problems.
Students’ Acceptance of Applying Cyber–Physical Integration Technique in an Automation Platform

This study applied the technology acceptance model to the cyber–physical integration technique in an automation platform. A total of 34 students from a technological university in central Taiwan responded to a survey following the completion of a six-week teaching course. The course helps students develop cyber–physical integration concepts and improve their learning outcomes. Data were collected to examine the path relationships among all variables (i.e., perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward using, and behavioral intention to use) influencing the acceptance of the automation platform learning. Noteworthily, there is a correlation between the dimensions of the technology acceptance model, and all hypotheses are valid.
Dynamic Energy-Saving Offloading Strategy Guided by Lyapunov Optimization for IoT Devices

In the Internet of Everything era, various Internet of Things (IoT) devices have become popular, and the number of computing-intensive applications has increased substantially. As an emerging technology, mobile-edge computing (MEC) gives network edge nodes stronger computing and storage capabilities, bringing users a good Quality of Experience (QoE). By offloading some computing tasks to the edge for processing, the burden on IoT devices can be effectively reduced. However, this approach exacerbates the computing and storage resource depletion of the MEC server and the bandwidth and transmission cost of the wireless link used to offload computing tasks. Additionally, making an offloading decision online without future system status information is a considerable challenge. Therefore, we should study and design a reasonable offloading strategy to reduce the additional overhead, which is of significance. We establish a virtual queue model to describe the workload offloading problem of IoT devices in a two-layer MEC network. This is a stochastic optimization problem. Based on Lyapunov optimization, we transform the research problem into a deterministic optimization problem. A Lyapunov online energy consumption optimization algorithm (LOECOA) is proposed to effectively balance the system’s queue backlog and energy consumption. Based on theoretical analysis and a large number of experimental and numerical results, our algorithm performs better on energy consumption while satisfying the system constraints under a dynamic task arrival rate.
Surface Seawater pCO2 Variation after a Typhoon Passage in the Kuroshio off Eastern Taiwan

In this study, two cruises were conducted across the mainstream of the Kuroshio off eastern Taiwan before and after the passage of Typhoon Saola in summer 2012. The continuous underway pCO2 (i.e., partial pressure of CO2) measurements revealed that surface seawater pCO2 (SS pCO2) displayed spatial variations in response to typhoon passage. The simulated results showed that the mixed-layer deepening after typhoon passage had a minor effect on SS pCO2 variation because pCO2 decrease driven by temperature dropdown and enhanced biological production fueled by nutrients input was largely compensated by pCO2 increase caused by salinity increase and dissolved inorganic carbon input from the subsurface layer. By contrast, the advection pattern showed significant change before and after the typhoon, which could play a major role in controlling the variation of SS pCO2. In the exit area of the cyclonic eddy, SS pCO2 decreased, while in the area of its arrival, SS pCO2 increased. Besides, the discharge of freshwater and the intrusion of the South China Sea subsurface could result in SS pCO2 increase in the nearshore area. The present study highlights that more advection changes need to be considered to better understand the impact of the typhoon on SS pCO2, especially in the strong current area, such as the Kuroshio.
SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Variants Surge in Curitiba, Southern Brazil, and Its Impact on Overall COVID-19 Lethality

Screening efforts and genomic surveillance are essential tools to evaluate the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and assist the public healthcare system in dealing with an increasing number of infections. For the analysis of COVID-19 cases scenarios in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, we performed a diagnosis of positive cases, coupled with genotyping, for symptomatic and asymptomatic members of the Federal University of Paraná. We achieved over 1000 samples using RT-qPCR for diagnosis. The posterior genotyping allowed us to observe differences in the spread of strains in Curitiba, Brazil. The Delta variant was not associated with an infection wave, whereas the rapid Omicron variant spread became dominant in less than one month. We also evaluated the general vaccination coverage in the state, observing a striking reduction in lethality correlated to the vaccinated fraction of the population; although lower lethality rates were not much affected by the Omicron variant wave, the same effect was not translated in the number of infections. In summary, our results provide a general overview of the pandemic’s course in Paraná State and how there was reduction in lethality after a combination of multiple infection waves and a large-scale vaccination program.
Blood Antibody Titers and Adverse Reactions after BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination

This study aimed to measure, considering a prior history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (SCV-negative/positive), antibodies titer using Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany), in a serum of healthcare workers (HCW) who received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccines. The local and systemic adverse reactions occurrence was checked with a self-reported questionnaire. A total of 60 SCV-negative HCW showed lower antibody titers than those presented by SCV-positive subjects (n = 7). The highest antibody level was detected 8 days after the second dose of vaccine administration. At the same time, the titer was higher in the SCV2 -positive than the SCV2-negative group and comparable after the first dose in those who became infected to the level after the second dose of those who did not. The local and systemic effects in the SCV2-negative and SCV2-positive groups appeared independent of the vaccine dose. After the second dose, systemic reactions were reported more often than the local adverse effects. Whether no effect was observed or whether the response was local or systemic, the antibody level in a specific group remains constant. These results can be helpful in the improvement of vaccination programs, controlling the occurrence of adverse and long-term effects of the vaccination.
Teacher’s Perceptions of Essential Learning Models to Improve Students' Science Learning Achievement in Secondary Schools

Science learning achievement in Indonesia is categorized as still low. A preliminary study based on an interview with science teachers conducted still found students who did not reach the minimum completeness criteria specified in science learning, one of which is influenced by the use of learning models. The research objective is to determine the teacher's perspective on effective learning models to improve students' science learning achievement. The research was conducted in three schools, namely SMP Negeri 1 Nusawungu, SMP Negeri 2 Nusawungu, and SMP Negeri 3 Nusawungu. This research uses descriptive qualitative research with semi-structured interviews. Data collection was carried out by snowball sampling. Respondents in the interview were ten people including five science teachers, two principals, and three curriculum person. The data analysis techniques are data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification. The learning models used in schools from the interviews included discovery learning models, cooperative learning, project-based learning, and inquiry learning models. Each learning model can improve students’ science learning achievement. Thus, it can be concluded that an effective learning model to be used in science learning is adjusted to the characteristics of the material or the competencies being taught
Suspected Pituitary Apoplexy: Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Imaging Findings and Outcome in 19 Dogs

In human medicine, pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a clinical syndrome characterised by the sudden onset of neurological signs because of haemorrhage or infarction occurring within a normal or tumoral pituitary gland. The diagnosis is usually performed combining neurological signs and imaging findings. The aim of the present study is to describe the abnormal neurological signs, the diagnostic imaging findings, based on Computed Tomography (CT) and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and the outcome in a population of dogs with suspected PA. Clinical cases were retrospectively reviewed. Nineteen cases of suspected PA were included. The majority of dogs showed behavioural abnormalities (11/19). Neurological signs more frequently identified were obtundation (7/19), vestibular signs (7/19) and epileptic seizures (6/19). The onset of neurological signs was per-acute in 14 out of 19 cases. Data regarding CT and MRI were available in 18 and 9 cases, respectively. Neurological signs resolved in less than 24 h in seven patients. The short-term prognosis was defined as favourable in the majority of our study population. The median survival time was of 7 months from the time of PA diagnosis. This is the first description of neurological signs, imaging findings and outcome in a large group of dogs with PA.
PD-L1 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Specimens: Association with Clinicopathological Factors and Molecular Alterations

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting programmed cell death-1 or its ligand (PD-L1) have improved outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). High tumor PD-L1 expression, detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) typically on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) histological specimens, is linked to better response. Following our previous investigation on PD-L1 in cytological samples, the aim of this study was to further explore the potential impacts of various clinicopathological and molecular factors on PD-L1 expression. Two retrospective NSCLC cohorts of 1131 and 651 specimens, respectively, were investigated for PD-L1 expression (<1%/1–49%/≥50%), sample type, sample site, histological type, and oncogenic driver status. In both cohorts, PD-L1 was positive (≥1%) in 55% of the cases. Adenocarcinomas exhibited lower PD-L1 expression than squamous cell carcinomas (p < 0.0001), while there was no difference between sample types, tumor locations, or between the two cohorts in multivariate analysis (all p ≥ 0.28). Mutational status correlated significantly with PD-L1 expression (p < 0.0001), with the highest expression for KRAS-mutated cases, the lowest for EGFR-mutated, and the KRAS/EGFR wild-type cases in between. There was no difference in PD-L1 levels between different prevalent KRAS mutations (all p ≥ 0.44), while mucinous KRAS-mutated adenocarcinomas exhibited much lower PD-L1 expression than non-mucinous (p < 0.0001). Our data indicate that cytological and histological specimens are comparable for PD-L1 evaluation. Given the impact of KRAS mutations and the mucinous growth pattern on PD-L1 expression, these factors should be further investigated in studies on ICI response.
Podoplanin Expression Independently and Jointly with Oral Epithelial Dysplasia Grade Acts as a Potential Biomarker of Malignant Transformation in Oral Leukoplakia

Our aim was to evaluate the expression of biomarkers, CD44v6, CD147, EGFR, p53, p63, p73, p16, and podoplanin in oral leukoplakias (OL) and to assess their potential for prediction of malignant transformation (MT). We analyzed the expression of CD44v6, CD147, EGFR, p53, p63, p73, p16, and podoplanin by immunohistochemistry in 52 OL, comprised of 41 low-grade (LG) dysplasia and 11 high-grade (HG) cases. Twelve healthy normal tissues (NT) were also included. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate any association with MT. Variable expression among the studied markers was observed, with a significant increase of high expression from NT to LG and HG cases in CD44v6 (p = 0.002), P53 (p = 0.002), P73 (p = 0.043), and podoplanin (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, cases with high podoplanin score showed a significant increased risk of MT (HR of 10.148 (95% CI of 1.503–68.532; p = 0.017). Furthermore, podoplanin combined with binary dysplasia grade obtained a HR of 10.238 (95% CI of 2.06–50.889; p = 0.004). To conclude, CD44v6, p53, p73, and podoplanin showed an increasing expression along the natural history of oral carcinogenesis. Podoplanin expression independently or combined with dysplasia grade could be useful predictive markers of MT in OL.
Iron Homeostasis in the CNS: An Overview of the Pathological Consequences of Iron Metabolism Disruption

Iron homeostasis disruption has increasingly been implicated in various neurological disorders. In this review, we present an overview of our current understanding of iron metabolism in the central nervous system. We examine the consequences of both iron accumulation and deficiency in various disease contexts including neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental, and neuropsychological disorders. The history of animal models of iron metabolism misregulation is also discussed followed by a comparison of three patients with a newly discovered neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in iron regulatory protein 2.
Association of age with depth of invasion and extra capsular spread in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study

Introduction: Oral malignancy is most common tumors in Pakistan. The age of the greater part of the patient’s reaches somewhere in the range of 50 and 70 years and old age is an indirect risk factor for malignant growths. It is challenging to treat the older patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma due to poor performance and the adjusted physiology and the additional comorbidities that may influence the decision of surgery and adjuvant treatment, whenever scheduled. Above mentioned factors in elderly group might affect the option of treatment and may vary from the ideal treatment. We aim to evaluate the association of age with depth of invasion and to assess the association of age with extra capsular spread and risk factors in patients with oral cancer. Material/Methods: This is a retrospective study. Total 360 patients underwent the surgery from 2011 to 2017 of which 260 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria for our study. The chi-square test was applied to check the association between ages with a depth of invasion of tumor. Results: There were 260 patients who underwent treatment for oral cancer it was subdivided in 3 age groups and multiple addictions are most common in every age group 51% (n=133). Majority of the patients had final stage III and IVA with 31% (n=80) and 35% (n=92). Age has a significant association with the depth of invasion, about 56% (n=144) has >10 mm depth of invasion of tumor with 95% of CI (P-value=0.01). There was no extracapsular spread in 82% (n=214) and yes in 18% (n=46) of the patients with 95% of CI (p-value= 0.149) which was insignificant in patients with oral cancer. Conclusion: This study shows that oral cancer has increased depth of invasion in younger population as compared to elderly population and there is no association between age and extracapsular spread in patients. Majority of patients were found to have moderately differentiated oral cancer. Keywords: oral squamous cell carcinoma; extra capsular spread; depth of invasion; head and neck neoplasms.
Hot Water Disinfestation Treatment Does Not Affect Physical and Biochemical Properties of Export Quality Mango Fruit [Mangifera indica L.]

There are various postharvest treatments currently available in the market. Among these, heat-based treatments are very effective. Several hot water treatment (HWT) protocols at various temperature regimes and time durations have been developed for different mango cultivars and varieties. However, many concerns have been raised regarding the quality of fruits subjected to HWT, particularly on physical and biochemical properties. The purpose of this study was to generate empirical evidence on the effect of the HWT protocol currently recognized and accepted by the EU for Apple mango cultivar from Africa. We subjected mango to HWT at 46.1 °C for 68, 75, and 84 min and evaluated various physical and biochemical properties at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post-treatment. Conventional methods of analysis were used to test acidity, antioxidants, minerals, nutrients, and physical properties of treated mangoes, and comparisons against untreated controls were made. We found no significant differences in pH, various acid content, total carotenoids, β-carotene content, vitamin A, aromatic volatiles, total phenolics, total antioxidant activity, various minerals, electrolytic leakage, crude protein, total carbohydrates, total sugars, crude fat, moisture content, dry matter, total soluble solids, firmness, or weight between treated and untreated mangoes. We conclude that HWT presents a viable alternative for postharvest treatment of export mangoes provided that quality attributes are maintained from preharvest, harvesting, transportation, treatment, and post-treatment handling.