Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Among Healthcare Professionals working in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Healthcare Facilities in Ekiti State, South-West Nigeria

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) constitute a significant global healthcare challenge associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs; however, there are concerns that ADRs are grossly under-reported by different categories of healthcare professionals (HCPs) in many countries. The main objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of ADR reporting of HCPs working at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of care in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a self-administered questionnaire-based study conducted among HCPs working in Ekiti State, South-west Nigeria. The questionnaire which was adapted from ones used in similar studies was reviewed for content validity by experts in the field. Healthcare professionals (medical doctors, pharmacists, nurses, community health extension workers, and other allied HCPs) working in the 3 tiers of healthcare participated in the study. The questionnaire consisted of sections on the demographics of respondents, their knowledge, attitude and practice of ADR reporting. Data analysis was done using SPSS (version 25) employing t test, ANOVA and chi-square as appropriate with P-value < . 05 accepted as being statistically significant. Results: Three hundred HCPs comprising of nurses (112; 37.3%), physicians (75; 25.0%), pharmacists (53; 17.7%), community health extension workers (40; 13.3%) and others (20; 6.7%) completed the questionnaire with 166 (55.3%) of them working in tertiary healthcare facilities. Male respondents (6.3 ± 1.7; P = .003), pharmacists (7.0 ± 1.6; P < .0001), HCPs and those from tertiary centers (6.2 ± 1.7; P = .028) had higher knowledge scores. While 228 (76%) respondents had observed incidents of ADR during their professional practice, only 75 (25%) have ever reported it. Only 113 (37.7%) of respondents had seen the adverse drug reaction reporting form with only 53 (17.7%) ever using it. The reporting methods preferred by respondents were through email/internet (102; 34.0%), phone/SMS (78; 26.0%) and using the hard copy of the forms (95; 31.7%). The attitude of respondents towards ADR reporting was mainly positive. Conclusion: There was significant variation in the knowledge of different categories of HCPs and facility levels about ADR reporting. Encouragingly, the overall attitude of respondents towards ADR reporting was positive. Based on the above, strategies are needed to build capacity of HCPs in the area of on adverse drug reaction and its’ reporting.
Evaluating the effectiveness of real-time closures for reducing susceptibility of small fish to capture

Evaluating the effectiveness of real-time closures for reducing susceptibility of small fish to capture Pamela J. Woods*, Bjarki þ or Elvarsson, Thorsteinn Sigurdsson, and Gunnar Stef ansson Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 5, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland Marine and Freshwater Research Institute, Sk ulagata 4, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 5, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland *Corresponding author: tel: þ354 575 2000; fax: þ354 575 2001; e-mail: pamelajwoods@gmail.com.
Influences of soil, community composition and species traits on steroidal sapogenin, zinc and iron concentration in fruits of Tribulus terrestris

ABSTRACT Tribulus terrestris L. (Herbal Viagra) is an annual herb, popularized for its pharmacological properties, especially related with its efficiency for corr ecting male infertility disorders. In pr esent stu dy, impacts of environmental variables on quantitative characters of steroidal sapogenin, iron and zinc in fruit of T. terrestris were assessed. Five different sites within the arid area of the Indian Thar desert were selected and sampled during the pulse event (rainy season). Principal Component Analysis ordinate metabolites along-with soil, commu nity factors and plant variables. Suitability of this factor analysis was assessed through Bartlett’s test of sphericity and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin tests. ANOVA revealed the high level of spatial variability in zinc, iron, steroidal sap ogenin and for plant cover (P<0.01). Among soil variables, silt and clay fractions are very crucial for enhancing iron and steroidal sapogenin concentration; however, sand fraction and soil pH suppressed iron and zinc concentrations, respectively. Negative relationships were established between soil moisture and steroidal sapogenin. Result revealed saturation growth rate relationships between fruit output and steroidal sapogenin. Thus, present findings can be use as protocol through which different environmental factors can be identified and cognition of these woul d facilitate harvest of these bio-components in larger quantity.
Screening and Selection of Twenty Iranian Wheatgrass Genotypes for Tolerance to Salinity Stress during Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Stage

Desert wheatgrass ( Agropyron desertorum L.), tall wheatgrass ( Agropyron elonga- tum L.), and crested wheatgrass ( Agropyron cristatum L.) are native cool-season grass species thatexhibitpotential as a low-inputturfgrass.An increased understanding ofthebiochemical and physiological responses of wheatgrass species and genotypes to salt stress conditions is important for developing genotypes with enhanced tolerance to salinity. The objective of this study was to characterize the physiological and antioxidative properties in 20 Iranian wheatgrass genotypes and to observe their responses to salinity stress during seed germination and seedling growth stage. A completely randomized factorial design was used with two types of factors, four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, and 150 m M of NaCl), wheatgrass genotypes, and three replicates. In this experiment, the results demonstrated that salinity limits the germination of Iranian wheatgrass genotype seeds. The result of this study showed that among the wheatgrass
Engineering fibre morphology in self-assembled physical gels of a prototypical discotic liquid crystal

ABSTRACT Supramolecular self-assembly of functional soft matter is key for next-generation optoelectronic devices. Columnar discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) are an ordered class of mesogenic materials, and their supramolecular assembly into fibres can lead to physical gel formation. However, the morphology of the fibres and factors affecting gel formation in DLCs are not well understood. In this work, we focus on prototypical symmetric hexakis(alkyloxy)triphenylene (HATn) n: 4–7 DLCs. The length of the peripheral alkyl chain of the HATn DLC gelator has a significant role in gel phase thermal stability and fibre morphology, and varying alkyl chain length from C4H9 to C7H13 increases the clearing temperature from 35°C to 60°C. Polarised micro-Raman spectroscopy of DLC fibres reveals optical activity. A novel DLC fibre templated, nematic-LC backfilling technique is utilised to study the alignment of 4′-Pentyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile (5CB), revealing insights about molecular orientation at the surface on HATn fibres. To study correlation between DLC physical gel fibre morphology and optoelectronic device performance, DLC physical-gel Dye Sensitised Solar Cells (DSSCs) are fabricated. Effects of varying gelator concentration and incorporating an amphiphilic Ruthenium-based dye (Z907) are studied. Concentration and interfacial compatibility of the dye/DLC interface show strong correlation with DSSC photovoltaic performance. Graphical abstract
The moderating role of audit quality on the relationship between auditor reporting and earnings management: empirical evidence from Tunisia

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the interrelationship between modified audit opinions and earnings management as measured by discretionary accruals and develop a thorough understanding regarding the moderating effect of audit quality on this relation.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a sample of Tunisian listed firms on the Tunis Stock Exchange during 2006–2013. Four models are developed and tested by using panel logistic and Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) regressions.FindingsThe results show that earnings management increases the likelihood of receiving a modified audit opinions. Then firms receiving modified audit opinions manage earnings more than those receiving clean opinions. It is also discovered that audit quality moderates the relationship between audit opinion and earnings management.Practical implicationsThis paper contributes to the literature of both audit and management studies and represents the first effort to examine the relation between audit opinion and earnings management, with audit quality as a moderating variable.Originality/valueThis study extends existing research on earnings management and audit opinion. Thus, this study has the potential to help stakeholders, board of directors, regulators and auditors, who are related with enhancing the supervision of firms and reducing the opportunities given to managers, to engage in earnings management. It constitutes an addition to previous knowledge about audit opinion in the Tunisian context before and after revolution.
Mechanisms and Trainability of Peripheral Fatigue in Grappling

ABSTRACT Grappling is an ancient form of unarmed combat that has evolved into several distinct combat sports, such as wrestling, judo, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Despite different styles and rulesets, these sports share several fundamental principles, such as the use of grips to control the opponent. Unsurprisingly, there is a discrepancy in grip strength parameters between grapplers of varying skill levels, and grip performance is also implicated in competition success. This article explores the mechanistic basis of peripheral fatigue and proposes strength and conditioning strategies aimed at attenuating the grappling-induced decline in force-generating capacity and endurance of the forearms and hands.
Deep Learning Models Compression for Agricultural Plants

Deep learning has been successfully showing promising results in plant disease detection, fruit counting, yield estimation, and gaining an increasing interest in agriculture. Deep learning models are generally based on several millions of parameters that generate exceptionally large weight matrices. The latter requires large memory and computational power for training, testing, and deploying. Unfortunately, these requirements make it difficult to deploy on low-cost devices with limited resources that are present at the fieldwork. In addition, the lack or the bad quality of connectivity in farms does not allow remote computation. An approach that has been used to save memory and speed up the processing is to compress the models. In this work, we tackle the challenges related to the resource limitation by compressing some state-of-the-art models very often used in image classification. For this we apply model pruning and quantization to LeNet5, VGG16, and AlexNet. Original and compressed models were applied to the benchmark of plant seedling classification (V2 Plant Seedlings Dataset) and Flavia database. Results reveal that it is possible to compress the size of these models by a factor of 38 and to reduce the FLOPs of VGG16 by a factor of 99 without considerable loss of accuracy.
The Effect of Capital Structure on Financial Performance of Vietnamese Listing Pharmaceutical Enterprises

This study investigates the effect of capital structure on the financial performance of pharmaceutical enterprises which are listing on Vietnam’s stock market. The study builds the regression using ROE as dependent variable and four independent variables, including selffinancing, financial leverage, long-term asset and debt to assets ratios. In addition, we use other variables as controlling ones, such as firm size, fixed asset rate and growth. We collect data for the period from 2015 to 2019 of all 30 pharmaceutical enterprises which are currently listing on Vietnam’s stock market. The least square regression (OLS) is used to test the effect of capital structure to the firms’ financial performance. The analysis results show that the financial leverage ratio (LR), long-term asset ratio (LAR) and debt-to-assets ratio (DR) have positive relationship with firm performance, meanwhile the self-financing (E/C) affects negatively to the return on equity (ROE). Upon the findings we suggest that the Vietnamese government should focus on stabilizing macro environment to create favorable environment for enterprises. And the pharmaceutical enterprises should build more reasonable capital structure with higher debt proportion than equity, diversifying loan mobilization channels such as issuing long-term bonds. Additionally, the firms should expand the scale appropriately to maintain development and ability to pay debts.
Activity on non-methylated DNA limits the use of endonuclease MspJI for epigenetic analyses

Cytosine methylation of DNA in mammals has been associated with both physiological and pathological changes in gene-expression. DNA treatment with methylation sensitive and/or dependent restriction enzymes, followed by PCR amplification is a widely used approach to test CpG methylation. Recently, restriction endonuclease MspJI has been proposed as a promising tool for epigenetic analyses. In this paper, we have tested MspJI as a tool for detecting CpG methylation on mammalian genomic DNA. For this experiment mouse genomic sequences harboring or lacking CpG sites were selected. The extent of degradation was evaluated by PCR using primers flanking the chosen genomic regions. Digestion of mouse genomic DNA, in combination with end-point and real-time PCR reactions, revealed that MspJI treatment reduced the amplification of genomic regions either containing or lacking of CpG motifs. In addition, treatment of bona fide non-methylated (in vitro amplified) DNA samples definitely demonstrated that MspJI shows significant activity against non-methylated DNA. These results show that star activity can be an important concern when using MspJI, even under standard conditions. Therefore, we conclude that (in contrast to classical restriction enzymes), careful case by case evaluation of reaction conditions is mandatory for optimizing the usefulness of MspJI in epigenetic studies.
Ecologia da comunidade de metazoários parasitos da abrótea, Urophycis mystaceus Ribeiro, 1903 (Osteichthyes, Phycidae), do litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Fifty-five specimens of Gulf hake, Urophycis mystaceus Ribeiro, 1903 collected from coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (21-23o S, 41-45oW), between May and August 2000, were necropsied to study their infracommunities of metazoan parasites. Sixteen species of metazoan parasites were collected. All fish were parasitized by one or more metazoan. Lecithochirium sp. and Cucullanus cirratus were the dominant species with highest prevalence and abundance. The parasite species of U. mystaceus showed the typical overdispersed pattern of distribution. Prevalence of Nybelinia sp. and Anisakis sp. were negatively correlated with the host total length. The mean diversity in the infracommunities of U. mystaceus was H = 0.324 ± 0.331, with no correlation with the host total length. In the infracommunities of U. mystaceus significant association or covariation was not found. The parasite infracommunities of U. mystaceus were dominated by species with low prevalence values.
Adhesively bonded joints in components manufactured via selective laser melting

Additive manufacturing has gained increasing attention in recent years in numerous industrial sectors due to its inherent characteristics, e.g. tool-free production and unprecedented freedom of design. However, in some applications such as heat exchangers the design has to follow certain restrictions, e.g. to allow for the removal of unfused powder, which can be enclosed in cavities. Moreover, in case multi-material parts are considered, the use of different powders during processing is often uneconomical since powder recycling is highly challenging. Therefore, the production of complex structures being characterized by limited accessibility and components made of different materials often require a subsequent joining process. Based on an analysis of state-of-the-art joining technologies employed for additively manufactured metal components, research gaps related to adhesive bonding are deduced. In light of the prevailing gaps, the influence of selective laser melting process parameters like laser power and build direction on the surface topography and, thus, on the bondability of the substrates are investigated. The mechanical tests reveal a high bond strength for the vertically oriented samples and the samples manufactured with a laser power of 400 W. Furthermore, a laser post-treatment of the SLM samples lead to an improvement of lap shear strength. Finally, results reporting on the ageing behaviour of these joints and an outlook on further research activities are given.
Assessment of fish community structure along the Jakarta Bay–Pulau Seribu reef complex

Coastal ecosystems have been increasingly subjected to poor water quality. Remote sensing has been used to monitor water quality, but few studies have integrated remotely sensed data with compositional and/or abundance data of coral reef taxa. In the present study, fish biomass was assessed along the Jakarta Bay Thousand Island reef system and variation in the biomass of selected fish families related to substrate cover and remotely sensed data. Overall, fish biomass and the biomass of each of the families Acanthuridae, Apogonidae, Caesionidae, Chaetodontidae, Ephippidae, Pomacentridae, Labridae and the subfamily Scaridae were much higher mid- and offshore than inshore. Substrate cover and chlorophyll-a concentrations proved to be significant predictors of spatial variation in fish biomass, suggesting an important impact of reef degradation and eutrophication on reef fish abundance.
Financial Literacy, Experience, and Age Differences in Monetary Sequence Preferences

Financial Literacy, Experience, and Age Differences in Monetary Sequence Preferences Jenna Wilson The emerging research on age differences in monetary sequence preferences suggests that older adults make decisions that are normatively correct from the standpoint of economic theory when choosing to receive larger versus smaller amounts of money sooner than later, but make nonoptimal decisions about paying money. In an adult life-span sample (N = 594, aged 20-88, Mage = 46.48, SD = 15.16) recruited through MTurk, the present study examined age differences in monetary sequence preferences. Participants received eight hypothetical scenarios that described monetary events, and completed measures of financial literacy and financial experience. Older age was associated with preferences to receive larger amounts of money sooner than smaller amounts, the normatively correct decision, but age was not associated with preferences for sequences of paying money. Older adults’ greater financial literacy and greater financial experience partially accounted for their normatively correct preferences for sequences of receiving money. Findings have implications such that interventions could target both financial literacy and experience to facilitate financial decision making across adulthood. AGE DIFFERENCES IN MONETARY SEQUENCE PREFERENCES iii
Machine learning for aquatic plastic litter detection, classification and quantification (APLASTIC-Q)

Large quantities of mismanaged plastic waste are polluting and threatening the health of the blue planet. As such, vast amounts of this plastic waste found in the oceans originates from land. It finds its way to the open ocean through rivers, waterways and estuarine systems. Here we present a novel machine learning algorithm based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that is capable of detecting and quantifying floating and washed ashore plastic litter. The aquatic plastic litter detection, classification and quantification system (APLASTIC-Q) was developed and trained using very high geo-spatial resolution imagery (∼5 pixels cm−1 = 0.002 m pixel−1) captured from aerial surveys in Cambodia. APLASTIC-Q was made up of two machine learning components (i) plastic litter detector (PLD-CNN) and (ii) plastic litter quantifier (PLQ-CNN). PLD-CNN managed to categorize targets as water, sand, vegetation and plastic litter with an 83% accuracy. It also provided a qualitative count of litter as low or high based on a thresholding approach. PLQ-CNN further distinguished and enumerated the litter items in each of the classes defined as water bottles, Styrofoam, canisters, cartons, bowls, shoes, polystyrene packaging, cups, textile, carry bags small or large. The types and amounts of plastic litter provide benchmark information that is urgently needed for decision-making by policymakers, citizens and other public and private stakeholders. Quasi-quantification was based on automated counts of items present in the imagery with caveats of underlying object in case of aggregated litter. Our scientific evidence-based machine learning algorithm has the prospects of complementing net trawl surveys, field campaigns and clean-up activities for improved quantification of plastic litter. APLASTIC-Q is a smart algorithm that is easy to adapt for fast and automated detection as well as quantification of floating or washed ashore plastic litter from aerial, high-altitude pseudo satellites and space missions.
DIET-RELATED RELATIONSHIP PRESSURE AND CONFLICT: GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF MINDFULNESS

A committed partner is a central relationship throughout adulthood and may have important health and relationship implications. More specifically, being pressured by a partner to change lifestyle behaviors (e.g., diet) can have negative effects on a relationship. Building on the life course perspective, this study examined individual mindfulness, the ability to remain aware in the present moment, as a buffer of the negative effects of partner pressure to change on relationship conflict. Data were collected from a community sample of younger and older adults (N = 362). Findings reveal that mindfulness moderated the association between partner pressure and relationship conflict for younger, but not older, adults. Specifically, younger adults with higher levels of mindfulness showed less relationship conflict with partner pressure, whereas younger adults with lower levels of mindfulness showed more relationship conflict. These findings have implications for interpersonal interactions and suggest that being aware and mindful may encourage better relationship quality, particularly for younger adults. More work is needed to understand the mechanisms that may be contributing to older adult relationship well-being.