Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D levels in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and correlation with total bile acid

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and Vitamin D and B12 levels. The study was a retrospective, cross-sectional, case–control study that evaluated 92 ICP cases and 102 pregnant women without any additional disease. ICP cases were grouped as mild and severe according to their total bile acid (TBA) levels, and their relationship with Vitamin D and B12 levels and perinatal outcomes was evaluated. Vitamin D and B12 levels of the ICP group were significantly lower than those of the control group. There was a moderate negative correlation between TBA and Vitamin D levels and a low negative correlation between TBA and Vitamin B12 levels. Adverse neonatal outcomes were significantly higher in the severe ICP group than in the mild ICP group. IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? The pathophysiology of ICP, which can lead to adverse perinatal outcomes, is not yet fully understood, and there is no preventive treatment. What do the results of this study add? This study showed that Vitamins B12 and D levels were low in women with ICP and that TBA levels were negatively correlated with Vitamin D and B12 levels. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study may guide future studies in terms of explaining the etiopathogenesis of ICP and developing treatment options.
Atherosclerosis and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disease defined by excess fat deposition in the liver. The course of NAFLD is not fully understood, however, some pathogenic mechanisms have been identified. Accumulation of fat in liver cells is associated with insulin resistance, central obesity, triglyceride accumulation in the liver and hepatic fatty acid metabolism dysregulation that cause steatosis. The other process leads to hepatocyte inflammation and necrosis, which leads to severe hepatic disease; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Many clinical studies have underlined the link between NAFLD and atherosclerosis. NAFLD may alter the balance lipid-glucose metabolism as well as increase the risk of hypertension and systemic inflammation. This results in a greater risk of vascular events. The present review considers the link between NAFLD and atherosclerosis.
Molecular Characterization of Membranous Nephropathy

Significance Statement Although membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome, the molecular characteristics of the kidney damage in MN remain poorly defined. In this study, the authors applied a machine-learning framework to predict diagnosis on the basis of gene expression in microdissected kidney tissue from patients with glomerulonephropathies. They found that MN has a glomerular transcriptional signature that distinguishes it from other glomerulonephropathies and identified a set of MN-specific genes differentially expressed across two independent cohorts and robustly recovered in an additional validation cohort. They also found the MN-specific genes are enriched in targets of transcription factor NF-κB and are predominantly expressed in podocytes. This work provides a molecular snapshot of MN and elucidates transcriptional alterations specific to this disease. Visual Abstract Background Molecular characterization of nephropathies may facilitate pathophysiologic insight, development of targeted therapeutics, and transcriptome-based disease classification. Although membranous nephropathy (MN) is a common cause of adult-onset nephrotic syndrome, the molecular pathways of kidney damage in MN require further definition. Methods We applied a machine-learning framework to predict diagnosis on the basis of gene expression from the microdissected kidney tissue of participants in the Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) cohort. We sought to identify differentially expressed genes between participants with MN versus those of other glomerulonephropathies across the NEPTUNE and European Renal cDNA Bank (ERCB) cohorts, to find MN-specific gene modules in a kidney-specific functional network, and to identify cell-type specificity of MN-specific genes using single-cell sequencing data from reference nephrectomy tissue. Results Glomerular gene expression alone accurately separated participants with MN from those with other nephrotic syndrome etiologies. The top predictive classifier genes from NEPTUNE participants were also differentially expressed in the ERCB participants with MN. We identified a signature of 158 genes that are significantly differentially expressed in MN across both cohorts, finding 120 of these in a validation cohort. This signature is enriched in targets of transcription factor NF-κB. Clustering these MN-specific genes in a kidney-specific functional network uncovered modules with functional enrichments, including in ion transport, cell projection morphogenesis, regulation of adhesion, and wounding response. Expression data from reference nephrectomy tissue indicated 43% of these genes are most highly expressed by podocytes. Conclusions These results suggest that, relative to other glomerulonephropathies, MN has a distinctive molecular signature that includes upregulation of many podocyte-expressed genes, provides a molecular snapshot of MN, and facilitates insight into MN’s underlying pathophysiology.
The COVID-19 pandemic as traumatic stressor: Distress in older adults is predicted by childhood trauma and mitigated by defensive functioning.

OBJECTIVE It has been broadly anticipated that COVID-19 pandemic-related experiences may constitute traumatic stressors, and that older adults' might be especially at risk of experiencing mental health symptoms during the pandemic. The present study aimed to examine older adults' psychological distress: posttraumatic stress, Covid-related fears, anxiety, and depression during the pandemic, and the relationship between present distress, defensive functioning, and childhood trauma. We also explored potential differences between older adults (between 65 and 74 years), and older-older adults (75 years and above). METHOD A large-scale online survey was conducted during the early months of the pandemic, for the present study, we included participants above 65 years old (N = 1,225) mainly from the United States and Canada. RESULTS Results showed that age, adverse childhood experiences, and overall defensive functioning were significantly related to posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression. Specifically, younger age and more reported childhood adversity were related to higher distress, whereas the use of more adaptive defenses was related to less distress. Covid-related fears were not associated with age. Our final model showed that defensive functioning mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and distress. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the relative resilience of older-older adults compared to older adults, as well as the long-lasting impact of childhood adversity through defensive functioning later in life, specifically in times of heightened stress, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are warranted to identify further factors affecting defensive functioning as adults age, as well as processes that are associated with resilience in response to stressors in older adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
NAFLD‐related hepatocellular carcinoma: The growing challenge

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of cancer‐related mortality and morbidity worldwide. With the obesity pandemic, NAFLD‐related HCC is contributing to the burden of disease exponentially. Genetic predisposition and clinical risk factors for NAFLD‐related HCC have been identified. Cirrhosis is a well‐known and major risk factor for NAFLD‐related HCC. However, the occurrence of NAFLD‐related HCC in patients without cirrhosis is increasingly recognized and poses a significant challenge regarding cancer surveillance. It is of paramount importance to develop optimal risk stratification scores and models to identify subsets of the population at high risk so they can be enrolled in surveillance programs. In this review, we will discuss the risks and prediction models for NAFLD‐related HCC.
Poisoning among children in Malaysia: A 10-years retrospective study

Background Poisoning commonly occurs among children due to their curiosity, where they tend to explore and investigate their surroundings. They frequently put what they find into their mouths as they do not understand the danger and probably cannot read the warning label. As this issue has not been extensively studied in Malaysia; hence, a retrospective analysis of records was carried out to determine the profile of phone call enquiries regarding poisoning among children at the National Poison Centre (NPC). Methodology The records of all cases of poisoning among children below the age of 18 years were retrospectively reviewed over a period of 10 years from 2006 to 2015. The data on the cases were analysed according to age group and gender, the circumstances and the toxic agent implicated in the poisoning. Results During the 10-year study period, 13,583 calls that met the criteria for this study were referred to the NPC. Of these calls, 62.2% involved children between the age of 0 to 5 years, 9% were children aged between 6 to 12 years, and 28.8% were children between 13 to 18 years. Unintentional poisoning accounted for 96.7% of the incidents involving children between the age of 0 to 5 years, although among the children who were between the age of 13 to 18 years, 76% of the cases were intentional. In all the cases involving children, pharmaceutical agents were the most frequent source of the poisoning. More than 95% of the cases were exposed to poisoning through the oral route. Conclusion Poisoning in children between the age of 0 to 5 years was mainly unintentional, while poisoning in children between the age of 13 to 18 years was mainly intentional, where pharmaceutical and household agents were responsible for more than two-thirds of the poisoning cases. Most of these incidents could have been prevented if protective measures, such as child-resistant enclosures, had been implemented and if the parents and guardians had been educated about preventive measures, such as keeping poisoning agents out of the reach of children.
Effect of Lactoferrin Supplementation on Inflammation, Immune Function, and Prevention of Respiratory Tract Infections in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Lactoferrin (Lf) is a glycoprotein present in human and bovine milk with antimicrobial and immune-modulating properties. This review aimed to examine the evidence for the effect of Lf supplementation on inflammation, immune function, and respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in humans. Online databases were searched up to December 2020 to identify relevant, English-language articles that examined the effect of Lf supplementation in human subjects of all ages, on either inflammation, immune cell populations or activity, or the incidence, duration, or severity of respiratory illness or RTIs. Twenty-five studies (n = 20 studies in adults) were included, of which 8 of 13 studies (61%) in adults reported a decrease in at least 1 systemic inflammatory biomarker. Immune function improved in 6 of 8 studies (75%) in adults, with changes in immune cell populations in 2 of 6 studies (33%), and changes in immune cell activity in 2 of 5 studies (40%). RTI outcomes were reduced in 6 of 10 studies (60%) (n = 5 in adults, n = 5 in children), with decreased incidence in 3 of 9 studies (33%), and either decreased frequency (2/4, 50%) or duration (3/6, 50%) in 50% of studies. In adults, Lf reduced IL-6 [mean difference (MD): –24.9 pg/mL; 95% CI: –41.64, –8.08 pg/mL], but not C-reactive protein (CRP) [standardized mean difference: –0.09; 95% CI: –0.82, 0.65], or NK cell cytotoxicity [MD: 4.84%; 95% CI: –3.93, 13.60%]. RTI incidence was reduced in infants and children (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.98) but not in adults (OR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.32). Clinical studies on Lf supplementation are limited, although findings show 200 mg Lf/d reduces systemic inflammation, while formulas containing 35–833 mg Lf/d may reduce RTI incidence in infants and children, suggesting improved immune function. Future research is required to determine optimal supplementation strategies and populations most likely to benefit from Lf supplementation. This trial was registered at PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php? ID=CRD42021232186) as CRD42021232186.
Creatinine–cystatin C ratio and mortality in cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study

Muscle wasting is prevalent in cancer patients, and early recognition of this phenomenon is important for risk stratification. Recent studies have suggested that the creatinine–cystatin C ratio may correlate with muscle mass in several patient populations. The association between creatinine–cystatin C ratio and survival was assessed in cancer patients.
A State Space Approach to Decentralized Fault SE-Coprognosability of Partially Observed Discrete Event Systems

The problem of fault prognosis in the context of discrete event systems (DESs) is a crucial subject to study the security and maintenance of cyber–physical systems. In this article, the decentralized fault prognosis of partially observed DESs is analyzed with a universal state-estimate-based protocol. It follows <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(M,K)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as the performance bound of any expected decentralized prognosers, where any fault can be predicted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula> steps before its occurrence and the fault is guaranteed to occur within <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> steps once a corresponding fault alarm is issued. To determine whether expected decentralized prognosers exist, the notion of state-estimate-coprognosability (SE-coprognosability) under the case of one fault type is proposed. Compared with existing other kinds of coprognosability, SE-coprognosability is a more generalized concept. Meanwhile, combining the formal method and algebraic state space approach, a novel state estimation algorithm is presented and based on which, the verification of SE-coprognosability is also solved.
Influence of warm acupuncture on gut microbiota and metabolites in rats with insomnia induced by PCPA

Background Insomnia is the most common of the sleep disorders. Current pharmacotherapy treatment options are usually associated with adverse effects and withdrawal phenomena. Therapeutic alternatives with a more favorable safety profile for patients are needed. Mongolian medical warm acupuncture (MMWA) is an emerging therapeutic option for treating insomnia. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the anti-insomnia efficacy of the MMWA remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of the MMWA on the alterations of the gut microbiota and serum metabolome in rats with insomnia. Results We found that the relative abundances of gut bacteria and the concentrations of several serum metabolites were obviously altered in PCPA-induced insomnia rats. The MMWA treatment exerted an anti-insomnia effect. In addition, the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and the serum metabolites were ameliorated by the MMWA. Correlation analysis between the gut microbiota and metabolites suggested that the levels of Amide c18, Benzoyl chloride, Cytosine, and N, n-dimethylarginine were positively correlated with the relative abundance of Clostridium XlVa and Blautia, which characterized the insomnia rats. KEGG enrichment analysis identified the cAMP signaling pathway involving anti-insomnia effect of the MMWA. Moreover, the MMWA intervention significantly increased contents of butyrate in feces, while effectively inhibited the expression level of GAT-1 in brain tissues. Conclusion This study reveals that the MMWA intervention might have a major impact on the modulation of host gut microbiota and metabolites, which in turn have a crucial role in the regulation of the host’s signaling pathways associated with insomnia. The present study could provide useful ideas for the study of the intervention mechanisms of the MMWA in insomnia rat models.
Low vitamin D levels among children and adolescents in an Arctic population

Aims: We aimed to study the vitamin D status of the population of Arkhangelsk, a city in northwestern Russia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate serum 25(OH)D concentrations in Arkhangelsk residents, including 55 neonates and their mothers, 214 children <3 years, 191 schoolchildren (7–8 years), 403 adolescents (13–17 years), 260 university students (18–22 years) and 85 adults (24–60 years). The data were collected from March 2013 to November 2014 and from January 2016 to May 2016. Results: Normal levels of 25(OH)D (>30 ng/ml) were found in 5% of neonates, 43% of their mothers, 43% of children <3 years, 9% of schoolchildren, 1% of adolescents, 17% of students and 26% of adults. There was a moderate positive correlation (rs = 0.563, p = 0.001) between 25(OH)D levels in mother’s blood and umbilical cord blood. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in the population of Arkhangelsk, particularly in neonates, schoolchildren and adolescents.
Determination of University Students' Most Preferred Mobile Application for Gamification.

In this digital age of technological advancement, mobile applications are fastly approaching acme of development. In order to increase the efficiency of the developed applications, mobile applications which are suitable for gamification have become a contemporary issue. In this study, the applications of Kahoot, ClassDojo, Classcraft and Socrative which are suitable for gamification were examined. The study was conducted with the students in the department of preschool education at Near East University. 130 students participated in this research. The data were collected with survey method and analyzed with the SPSS program. According to the results, it was revealed that Kahoot was the mostly preferred application by students who used applications designed or suitable for the gamification method and Android was the mostly preferred operating system in the mobile devices of the students. Future research should determine the achievements, motivations and opinions of the students related with the gamification method. Besides, it can be inferred that Kahoot would be the learning platform of the future and it should be integrated into classroom activities. Keywords: Gamification, Kahoot, mobile device, operating systems.
Business model and the value theory : a critical review of the literature

Although business model research has been progressively attracted attention from both academics and practitioners, a common understanding on business model concept has been rarely shaped and agreed upon. This means scholars from different disciplines expound business model from different angles. Accordingly, this paper will attempt to propose an alternative framework for helping scholars and practitioners reshape their understanding of business models through an in-depth literature review. In order to achieve this aim, we take the foundational angle of business model study, which deals with how to better understand the ‘value’ as a concept. Specifically, an integrative categorisation of business model research together with dimensions is developed. Then, the value theory is utilised acting as a lens and the underlying theoretical framework to understand business models. Finally, we argue to what extent value theory can promote our understanding on business models and we will discussed the implications for theory.
Analisis Tingkat Pemahaman Masyarakat terhadap Produk Keuangan di Deli Serdang (Studi Kasus Tanjung Morawa)

The title of this research is the analysis of Societies Understanding Financial Products in Deli Serdang District of Tanjung Morawa. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the level of public understanding of the financial products offered by banks. These products include storage of funds, disbursement of funds and other services of the bank . The data used in this study is primary data and secondary data. The collecting of the primary data is done by giving the questionnaire to the people who live around Tanjung Morawa ,while the secondary data are obtained from books , literature, the Internet , and other media. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis using the computer program SPSS version 16.0. The result of this research indicate that the level of of public understanding of the financial products offered by banking is diverse. The highest level of understanding on storage products , while banking funds for the understanding of other products is still low . This is because customers only know the products that they use only. Keywords : Public Understanding , Banking
WZB117 Phenyl m-Hydroxybenzoate) Inhibits GLUT1-mediated Sugar Transport by Hydroxybenzoate) Inhibits GLUT1-mediated Sugar Transport by Binding Reversibly at the Exofacial Sugar Binding Site Binding Reversibly at the Exofacial Sugar Binding Site

WZB117 (2-fluoro-6-( m -hydroxybenzoyloxy) phenyl m -hydro-xybenzoate) inhibits passive sugar transport in human erythrocytes and cancer cell lines and, by limiting glycolysis, inhibits tumor growth in mice. This study explores how WZB117 inhibits the erythrocyte sugar transporter glucose transport protein 1 (GLUT1) and examines the transporter isoform specificity of inhibition. WZB117 reversibly and competitively inhibits erythrocyte 3- O -methylglucose (3MG) uptake with K i (app) (cid:2) 6 (cid:3) M but is a noncompetitive inhibitor of sugar exit. Cytochalasin B (CB) is a reversible, noncompetitive inhibitor of 3MG uptake with K i (app) (cid:2) 0.3 (cid:3) M but is a competitive inhibitor of sugar exit indicating that WZB117 and CB bind at exofacial and endofacial sugar binding sites, respectively. WZB117 inhibition of GLUTs expressed in HEK293 cells follows the order of potency: insulin-regulated GLUT4 (cid:2)(cid:2) GLUT1 ≈ neuronal
Who participates in web-assisted tobacco interventions? The quit- Who participates in web-assisted tobacco interventions? The quit-primo and national dental practice-based research network hi-quit primo and national dental practice-based research network hi-quit studies studies

Introduction: Smoking is the most preventable cause of death. Although effective, Web-assisted tobacco interventions are underutilized and recruitment is challenging. Understanding who participates in Web-assisted tobacco interventions may help in improving recruitment. Objectives: To understand characteristics of smokers participating in a Web-assisted tobacco intervention (Decide2Quit.org). Methods: In addition to the typical Google advertisements, we