Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLEC12A: A Promise Target for Cancer Therapy

Cancer is the leading cause of mortality in every country in the world [1]. The World Health Organization reported that cancer is one of the major causes of disease-related deaths before the age of 70 [2]. Globally, cancer incidences and mortality is alarming and can often be co-related with the socio-economic development of a given population. This concern was depicted in 4-tier Human Development Index (HDI) of the United Nation [3]. An estimated 19.3 million fresh cases and 10 million deaths were registered globally in 2020. Of these, most new cases are of female breast cancer and maximum mortality rate is of lung cancer among both sexes. The cases of blood cancer are also distressing with 711,795 deaths among 1,278,362 new cases registered in 2020 [4]. Worldwide cancer statistics show disconcerting rates of occurrences and deaths even after recent advances in healthcare. Treatment of cancer continues to beat challenge since it is often difficult to appropriately categorise them, based on their underlying molecular signatures. Therefore, elucidating key signaling markers and their role in different types of cancers is a pre-requisite. Research on the haematological niche has progressed in the recent years [5]. The complexity of the human bone marrow, with context to haematological malignancies, is more difficult to elucidate with the present strategies compared to the niche of solid tumors. There can, however, be few similarities between the two, as the bone marrow is a common site of metastasis of solid tumors too [6]. Relevant information has now been established on solid tumors and their micro-environments, which include immune, endothelial and mesenchymal cells. Albeit a gap in knowledge still exists, the need to discover definite means to interfere with the complex interplay between the niches is imperative to define efficient chemotherapeutic strategies in future.
Adaptive Neural Inverse Optimal Tracking Control for Uncertain Nonlinear System With Actuator Faults

Most optimal control method aim at finding a control law to minimize the corresponding cost function, and the key problem is to solve the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation (HJBE). However, the solution of HJBE is hard and even unavailable to obtain for nonlinear system and, thus, the optimal control method can not be developed. To address this problem, an adaptive neural inverse optimal control method is proposed for nonlinear systems with external disturbances and actuator failures in this article. The cost function in this article is defined based on the controller and, therefore, once the controller is obtained, the corresponding cost function is minimized. Accordingly, the directly solution of HJBE is avoided. In more detail, the auxiliary system is constructed to develop the auxiliary controller, based on which the actual optimal fault-tolerant controller can be further obtained. The uncertainties in system dynamics are compensated by neural networks, and the unknown actuator failures are handled by adaptive control gain. It is proved that nonlinear system is input-to-state stabilizable (ISS) and the proposed controller can minimize the cost function that puts penalty on tracking error and system input. Two simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Experiments on wave propagation in grease ice: combined wave gauges and particle image velocimetry measurements

Water wave attenuation by grease ice is a key mechanism for the polar regions, as waves in ice influence many phenomena such as ice drift, ice breaking and ice formation. However, the models presented so far in the literature are limited in a number of regards, and more insights are required from either laboratory experiments or fieldwork for these models to be validated and improved. Unfortunately, performing detailed measurements of wave propagation in grease ice, either in the field or in the laboratory, is challenging. As a consequence, laboratory data are relatively scarce, and often consist of only a couple of wave elevation measurements along the length of the wave tank. We present combined measurements of wave elevation using an array of ultrasonic probes, and water kinematics using particle image velocimetry (PIV), in a small-scale wave tank experiment. Experiments are performed over a wider frequency range than has been previously investigated. The wave elevation measurements are used to compute the wavenumber and exponential damping coefficient. In contrast to a previous study in grease ice, we find that the wavenumber is consistent with the mass loading model, i.e. it increases compared with the open water case. Wave attenuation is compared with a series of one-layer models, and we show that they satisfactorily describe the viscous damping occurring. PIV data are also consistent with exponential wave amplitude attenuation, and a proper orthogonal decomposition analysis reveals the existence of mean flows under the ice that are a consequence of the displacement and packing of the ice induced by the gradient in the wave-induced stress. Finally, we show that the dynamics of grease ice can generate eddy structures that inject eddy viscosity into the water under the grease ice, which would lead to enhanced mixing and participating in energy dissipation.
The kinematic richness of star clusters – I. Isolated spherical models with primordial anisotropy

We investigate the dynamical evolution of isolated equal-mass star cluster models by means of direct N-body simulations, primarily focusing on the effects of the presence of primordial anisotropy in the velocity space. We found evidence of the existence of a monotonic relationship between the moment of core collapse and the amount and flavour of anisotropy in the stellar system. Specifically, equilibria characterised by the same initial structural properties (Plummer density profile) and with different degrees of tangentially-biased (radially-biased) anisotropy, reach core collapse earlier (later) than isotropic models. We interpret this result in light of an accelerated (delayed) phase of the early evolution of collisional stellar systems "anisotropic-response"), which we have characterised both in terms of the evolution of the velocity moments and of a fluid model of two-body relaxation. For the case of the most tangentially anisotropic model the initial phase of evolution involves a catastrophic collapse of the inner part of the system which continues until an isotropic velocity distribution is reached. This study represents a first step towards a comprehensive investigation of the role played by kinematic richness in the long-term dynamical evolution of collisional systems.
How To Pseudo-CT: A Comparative Review of Deep Convolutional Neural Network Architectures for CT Synthesis

This paper provides an overview of the different deep convolutional neural network (DCNNs) architectures that have been investigated in the past years for the generation of synthetic computed tomography (CT) or pseudo-CT from magnetic resonance (MR). The U-net, the Atrous-net and the Residual-net architectures were analyzed, implemented and compared. Each network was implemented using 2D filters and 3D filters with 2D slices and 3D patches respectively as inputs. Two datasets were used for training and evaluation. The first one is composed by pairs of 3D T1-weighted MR and Low-dose CT images from the head of 19 healthy women. The second database contains dual echo Dixon-VIBE MR images and CT images from the pelvis of 13 colorectal and 6 prostate cancer patients. Bone structures in the target anatomy were key in choosing the right deep learning approach. This work provides a deep explanation of the architectures in order to know which DCNN fits better each medical application. According to this study, the 3D U-net architecture would be the best option to generate head pseudo-CTs while the 2D Residual-net provides the most accurate results for the pelvis anatomy.
The dependence of X-ray AGN activity on host galaxy properties and environment

There is mounting evidence that active galactic nuclei (AGN) selected through optical emission lines or radio luminosities comprise two distinct AGN populations, whose activity is triggered by different processes. In two previous papers, we studied the host galaxies and environment of radio-loud AGN. In this third paper we study the properties of a sample of Type-2 AGN that were selected on the basis of their [2-10] keV X-ray luminosity. We find that the X-ray luminosity function is in good agreement with previous studies and that the fraction of galaxies hosting an X-ray AGN is a strong function of the stellar mass of the host galaxy. The shape of this fraction-mass relation is similar to the fraction of galaxies that are emission-line AGN, while it differs significantly from the relation observed for radio-selected AGN. The AGN in our sample tend to be located in underdense environments where galaxy mergers and interactions are likely to occur. For all host galaxy masses, the Type-2 AGN display a strong infrared excess at short (∼3.5 μm) wavelengths, suggesting the presence of hot dust possibly associated with a hot dusty torus. These results add weight to the belief that the X-ray selection criteria identifies a population of AGN similar to the emission-line selected population but distinct from the radio population at high masses.
A case study of triggered star formation in Cygnus X

Radiative feedback from massive stars can potentially trigger star formation in the surrounding molecular gas. Inspired by the case of radiatively driven implosion in M16 or Eagle Nebula, we analyze a similar case of star formation observed in the Cygnus X region. We present new JCMT observations of $^{13}$CO(3-2) and C$^{18}$O(3-2) molecular lines of a cometary feature located at 50 pc north of the Cyg OB2 complex that was previously identified in $^{12}$CO(3-2) mapping. These data are combined with archival H$\alpha$, infrared, and radio continuum emission data, from which we measure the mass to be 110 M$_\odot$. We identify Cyg OB2 as the ionizing source. We measure the properties of two highly energetic molecular outflows and the photoionized rim. From this analysis, we argue the external gas pressure and gravitational energy dominate the internal pressure. The force balance along with previous simulation results and a close comparison with the case of Eagle Nebula favours a triggering scenario.
Non-Abelian braid statistics versus projective permutation statistics

Recent papers by Finkelstein, Galiautdinov, and co-workers [J. Math. Phys. 42, 1489 (2001); 42, 3299 (2001)] discuss a suggestion by Wilczek that non-Abelian projective representations of the permutation group can be used as a new type of particle statistics, valid in any dimension. Wilczek’s suggestion was based in part on an analysis by Nayak and Wilczek (NW) of the non-Abelian representation of the braid group in a quantum Hall system. We point out that projective permutation statistics is not possible in a local quantum field theory as it violates locality, and show that the NW braid group representation is not equivalent to a projective representation of the permutation group. The structure of the finite image of the braid group in a 2n/2−1-dimensional representation is obtained.
A catalog of quasar properties from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

Using the quasars with zem<0.9 from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, we measure the spectral characteristics, including continuum and emission lines, around the Hβ and Hα spectral regions, which are lacking in Quasar Data Release 12 (DR12Q). We estimate the virial black hole mass from broad Hα and/or Hβ, and infer quasar redshifts from [O III] λ5007 emission lines. All the measurements and derived quantities are publicly available. A comparison between [O III] λ5007 redshifts and the visual inspection redshifts included in DR12Q indicates that the visual inspection redshifts are robust. We find that the full widths at half maximum of the broad Hα are consistent with those of the broad Hβ, while both the equivalent widths and line luminosities of the broad Hα are obviously larger than the corresponding quantities of the broad Hβ. We also find that there is an obviously systematic offset between the Hβ and Hα based mass if they are inferred from the empirical relationships in the literature. Using our large quasar sample, we have improved the Hβ and Hα based mass estimators by minimizing the difference between the Hβand Hα-based masses. For the black hole mass estimator (Equation (1)), we find that the coefficients (a, b)=(7.00, 0.50) for Hα and (a, b)=(6.96, 0.50) for Hβ are the best choices.
Sustainable human resource management practices, employee resilience, and employee outcomes: Toward common good values

Extant literature has generated limited understanding of whether and how sustainable human resource management (HRM) will lead to better and more sustainable outcomes, such as enhanced employee well-being and improved employee performance. Moving toward common good values and drawing on the job demands-resources model, this study theorizes and tests the relationships among sustainable HRM practices, employee resilience, work engagement, and employee performance. The empirical results of a multilevel and multisource study in the Chinese context provide supporting evidence for our theoretical model. The findings demonstrate that sustainable HRM practices positively affect employee resilience, and lead to a high level of work engagement among employees. Employee resilience also has an indirect effect on employee performance through work engagement. This study, with its theoretical and practical implications, reveals a serial mediation mechanism through which sustainable HRM practices contribute to both employee well-being and employee performance.
Does Corporate Governance Enhance Financial Distress Prediction?

This study validates some aspects of agency theory, resource dependency theory, and organization theory referring to the Sri Lankan context. The sample includes 205 non-financial listed firms prepared in a balanced panel for six years. Implications are provided for the insu ﬃ ciency of financial variables in predicting corporate financial distress. Financial aspects together with corporate governance jointly enhance the predictive power of financial distress. Less likelihood of financial distress is explained by board size, board independence, institutional ownership, non-institutional ownership concentration, and board ownership. Boards with 5-9 members are likely to be optimal. Firms fail with the concentrated ownership structure. The expected monitoring role of large institutional shareholders and blockholders is inhibited by their expropriation. The expropriation could also occur with the unitary leadership. Contextually, results make a distinctive contribution to the literature owing to the lack of quality audits for governance compliances, family dominance, and board erraticism. Moreover, corporate control within business groups and economic and political instability are also portrayed.
Inflation, cold dark matter, and the central density problem

A problem with high central densities in dark halos has arisen in the context of LCDM cosmologies with scale-invariant initial power spectra. Although n=1 is often justified by appealing to the inflation scenario, inflationary models with mild deviations from scale-invariance are not uncommon and models with significant running of the spectral index are plausible. Even mild deviations from scale-invariance can be important because halo collapse times and densities depend on the relative amount of small-scale power. We choose several popular models of inflation and work out the ramifications for galaxy central densities. For each model, we calculate its COBE-normalized power spectrum and deduce the implied halo densities using a semi-analytic method calibrated against N-body simulations. We compare our predictions to a sample of dark matter-dominated galaxies using a non-parametric measure of the density. While standard n=1, LCDM halos are overdense by a factor of 6, several of our example inflation+CDM models predict halo densities well within the range preferred by observations. We also show how the presence of massive (0.5 eV) neutrinos may help to alleviate the central density problem even with n=1. We conclude that galaxy central densities may not be as problematic for the CDM paradigm as is sometimes assumed: rather than telling us something about the nature of the dark matter, galaxy rotation curves may be telling us something about inflation and/or neutrinos. An important test of this idea will be an eventual consensus on the value of sigma_8, the rms overdensity on the scale 8 h^-1 Mpc. Our successful models have values of sigma_8 approximately 0.75, which is within the range of recent determinations. Finally, models with n>1 (or sigma_8 > 1) are highly disfavored.
Significance Of Immune-Markers Cyclin D1, E-Cadherin, EGFR, HER- 2, Ki67, And P53 Expressions In Benign Lesions (Non-Cancer Diseases) Of Gall Bladder

Background While Gallbladder carcinoma is comparatively rare, benign diseases of the gallbladder are highly prevalent and maybe either symptomatic or asymptomatic. They present themselves usually as polyps, Cholelithiasis (gallstones) and Cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) ,Gallstones are one of the most frequently reported diseases of the gallbladder. They are further associated with metaplasia, chronic inflammation and are thought to contribute to carcinogenesis . The aggressive biologic behavior of the carcinoma and non-availability of sensitive screening tests for early detection may be responsible for the poor prognosis associated with GBC. Material and Methods All consecutive patients diagnosed with neoplastic and non-neoplastic gallbladder lesions in the Department of Pathology, Subharti Medical College were included in the study between the year 2017-2019. The hematoxylin and Eosin stained biopsies of 320 patients were assessed and out of them 100 patients were chosen as the sample for the study. The clinicopatholgical data of the 100 patients were compiled into a data base and de-identified. Results: Related to presence of stone, there was significant difference between the Neoplastic and non-neoplastic group among male (p=0.007). There was also significant difference between the Neoplastic and non-neoplastic in female (p=0.02). It was analyzed that there had been a significant difference between the neoplastic and non neoplastic tumour morphology and age distribution among males. The neoplastic tumours were highest in >60 years age group while neoplastic tumours were highest among 45-60 years age group . There was significant difference between the neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions related to each of the biomarkers. The mean difference between the neoplastic and non neoplastic was highest in the p53 biomarkers followed by cyclin D. The Relationship between the different types of Biomarkers in the neoplastic lesions and there were moderate to good correlation was present between the each biomarkers. Conclusion: The minimal response of advanced cases of GBC to traditional treatments calls for new prognostic and treatment perspectives to be identified. Novel prognostic biomarkers could bring about the needed breakthrough in this regard as they will help in the identification of patients who will benefit tremendously from adjuvant and targeted therapies.
Giant Planet Companion to 2MASSW J1207334-393254

We report new VLT/NACO imaging observations of the young, nearby brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254 and its suggested planetary mass companion (2M1207 b). Three epochs of VLT/NACO measurements obtained over nearly one year show that the planetary mass companion candidate shares the same proper motion and, with a high confidence level, is not a stationary background object. This result confirms the status of 2M1207 b as of planetary mass (5 times the mass of Jupiter) and the first image of a planetary mass companion in a different system than our own. This discovery offers new perspectives for our understanding of chemical and physical properties of planetary mass objects as well as their mechanisms of formation.
Dusty Sources at the Galactic Center the N- and Q-Band Views with VISIR

We present mid-infrared N- and Q-band photometry of the Galactic center from images obtained with the mid-infrared camera VISIR at the ESO VLT in 2004 May. The high resolution and sensitivity possible with VISIR enable us to investigate a total of over 60 pointlike sources, an unprecedented number for the Galactic center at these wavelengths. Combining these data with previous results at shorter wavelengths (Viehmann and coworkers) enables us to construct SEDs covering the H- to Q-band regions of the spectrum, i.e., 1.6-19.5 μm. We find that the SEDs of certain types of Galactic center sources show characteristic features. We can clearly distinguish between luminous Northern Arm bow shock sources, lower luminosity bow shock sources, hot stars, and cool stars. This characterization may help clarify the status of currently unclassified sources.
On mere cover models of Galois covers, minimal fields of definition, and specializations

In this paper I explore the structure of models of $G$-Galois branched covers of varieties over a field $K$. In Part I of the paper, given a mere cover model of such a cover, I explore Galois-theoretic properties of the unique minimal field over which its automorphisms are defined. In Part II, under the extra assumption that we are working over a field of definition, I describe the minimal field of Galois action of a given mere cover model (proven to exist in Part I) in terms of specializations of $G$-Galois models. Furthermore, I prove that the behavior of the $K$-rational points on the various mere cover models over $K$, and the behavior of the specializations on the various $G$-Galois models over $K$, are all governed by a single equivalence relation (independent of the model) on the $K$-rational points of the base variety. I describe this relationship in detail, and relate it to the minimal fields of Galois action of mere cover models.
Monitoring Ecological Changes on a Rapidly Urbanizing Island Using a Remote Sensing-Based Ecological Index Produced Time Series

Island ecosystems are susceptible to the considerable impacts of increasing human activities, landscape reconstruction, and urban expansion, resulting in changes in the ecological environment and urban ecological security issues. Remote sensing techniques can achieve the near-real-time ecological environment monitoring of these rapidly changing areas. The remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI), as a comprehensive remote sensing ecological environment index, was adopted to dynamically monitor urban ecological quality (EQ) over time in this study, combined with the Landsat-based detection of trends in disturbance and recovery (LandTrendr) algorithm. Annual composite images were generated using Landsat 5, Landsat 7, and Landsat 8 imagery to extract four metrics (Greenness, Moisture, Heat, and Dryness) to calculate RSEI from 1991 to 2021. The ecological quality in the study area was evaluated using a five-level classification (poor, inferior, medium, good, and excellent), and the changes in EQ on a pixel basis were identified by the LandTrendr algorithm. The results showed that (1) the average value of the RSEI ranged from 0.47 to 0.57 over 31 years, indicating that EQ was maintained at the medium level; (2) the distribution of different EQ levels had visible patterns, and an area of 47.87 km2 was affected by a poor EQ at least once in 31 years; (3) 38.22 km2 of this area experienced EQ poor disturbance once, and 3.05 km2 of the area had poor disturbance twice. Urban expansion, forest degradation, and policy are the main factors causing the reduction of the RSEI. The results demonstrate that combining time series of RSEI and LandTrendr can effectively monitor the changes of EQ, which is helpful to identify the spatial–temporal variation patterns of EQ and provide valuable information for policymakers and protection.