Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First-principles investigation of thermodynamic, elastic and electronic properties of Al3V and Al3Nb intermetallics under pressures

The thermodynamic, elastic, and electronic properties of D022-type Al3V and Al3Nb intermetallics were studied using the first-principle method. The results showed the pressure has profound effects on the structural, mechanical and electronic properties in both Al3V and Al3Nb. Thermodynamically, the formation enthalpies for Al3V and Al3Nb were derived, which agreed well with available experimental and theoretical values. Comparably, Al3Nb was a more stable phase with the more negative Hf than Al3V. Mechanically, the calculated elastic constants showed linearly increasing tendencies, and satisfied the Born's criteria from 0–20 GPa, indicating the mechanically stability of Al3V and Al3Nb under this pressure range. Further, the mechanical parameters (i.e., bulk modulus (B), shear modulus (G), and Young's modulus (E)) were derived using the Voigt-Reuss-Hill (VRH) method, and in good agreement with available experimental results at the ground state. All these parameters presented the linearly increasing depende.
Emulating Simulations of Cosmic Dawn for 21 cm Power Spectrum Constraints on Cosmology, Reionization, and X-Ray Heating

Current and upcoming radio interferometric experiments are aiming to make a statistical characterization of the high-redshift 21 cm fluctuation signal spanning the hydrogen reionization and X-ray heating epochs of the universe. However, connecting 21 cm statistics to the underlying physical parameters is complicated by the theoretical challenge of modeling the relevant physics at computational speeds quick enough to enable exploration of the high-dimensional and weakly constrained parameter space. In this work, we use machine learning algorithms to build a fast emulator that can accurately mimic an expensive simulation of the 21 cm signal across a wide parameter space. We embed our emulator within a Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework in order to perform Bayesian parameter constraints over a large number of model parameters, including those that govern the Epoch of Reionization, the Epoch of X-ray Heating, and cosmology. As a worked example, we use our emulator to present an updated parameter constraint forecast for the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array experiment, showing that its characterization of a fiducial 21 cm power spectrum will considerably narrow the allowed parameter space of reionization and heating parameters, and could help strengthen Planck's constraints on . We provide both our generalized emulator code and its implementation specifically for 21 cm parameter constraints as publicly available software.
Energy surface model of single particle reversal in sub-Stoner–Wohlfarth switching fields

A simple energy surface model is introduced to explain single domain particle switching under sub-Stoner–Wohlfarth fields. The criterion is that if the initial energy exceeds the subsequent energy barrier maximum, then the particle can reverse. Reversal will occur only for small damping constants and short field rise times, so the magnetization dynamics explores a sufficiently large portion of the energy surface. The results are confirmed by micromagnetic analyses and are consistent with both large scale micromagnetic simulation and experimental data. This effect may be utilized for ultrahigh density (1 Tbit/in2) and ultrahigh data rate magnetic recording (>2 Gbit/s).
Increased Heat Transport in Ultra-hot Jupiter Atmospheres through H2 Dissociation and Recombination

A new class of exoplanets is beginning to emerge: planets with dayside atmospheres that resemble stellar atmospheres as most of their molecular constituents dissociate. The effects of the dissociation of these species will be varied and must be carefully accounted for. Here we take the first steps toward understanding the consequences of dissociation and recombination of molecular hydrogen (H2) on atmospheric heat recirculation. Using a simple energy balance model with eastward winds, we demonstrate that H2 dissociation/recombination can significantly increase the day–night heat transport on ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs): gas giant exoplanets where significant H2 dissociation occurs. The atomic hydrogen from the highly irradiated daysides of UHJs will transport some of the energy deposited on the dayside toward the nightside of the planet where the H atoms recombine into H2; this mechanism bears similarities to latent heat. Given a fixed wind speed, this will act to increase the heat recirculation efficiency; alternatively, a measured heat recirculation efficiency will require slower wind speeds after accounting for H2 dissociation/recombination.
Heegner Points on Cartan Non-split Curves

Abstract Let $E/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve of conductor $N$ , and let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field such that the root number of $E/K$ is −1. Let $O$ be an order in $K$ and assume that there exists an odd prime $p$ such that ${{p}^{2}}\,\parallel \,N$ , and $p$ is inert in $O$ . Although there are no Heegner points on ${{X}_{0}}(N)$ attached to $O$ , in this article we construct such points on Cartan non-split curves. In order to do that, we give a method to compute Fourier expansions for forms on Cartan non-split curves, and prove that the constructed points form a Heegner system as in the classical case.
Dense gas in low-metallicity galaxies

Stars form out of the densest parts of molecular clouds. Far-IR emission can be used to estimate the Star Formation Rate (SFR) and high dipole moment molecules, typically HCN, trace the dense gas. A strong correlation exists between HCN and Far-IR emission, with the ratio being nearly constant, over a large range of physical scales. A few recent observations have found HCN to be weak with respect to the Far-IR and CO in subsolar metallicity (low-Z) objects. We present observations of the Local Group galaxies M33, IC10, and NGC6822 with the IRAM 30meter and NRO 45m telescopes, greatly improving the sample of low-Z galaxies observed. HCN, HCO$^+$, CS, C$_2$H, and HNC have been detected. Compared to solar metallicity galaxies, the Nitrogen-bearing species are weak (HCN, HNC) or not detected (CN, HNCO, N$_2$H$^+$) relative to Far-IR or CO emission. HCO$^+$ and C$_2$H emission is normal with respect to CO and Far-IR. While $^{13}$CO is the usual factor 10 weaker than $^{12}$CO, C$^{18}$O emission was not detected down to very low levels. Including earlier data, we find that the HCN/HCO$^+$ ratio varies with metallicity (O/H) and attribute this to the sharply decreasing Nitrogen abundance. The dense gas fraction, traced by the HCN/CO and HCO$^+$/CO ratios, follows the SFR but in the low-Z objects the HCO$^+$ is much easier to measure. Combined with larger and smaller scale measurements, the HCO$^+$ line appears to be an excellent tracer of dense gas and varies linearly with the SFR for both low and high metallicities.
GMRT Galactic Plane Pulsar and Transient Survey and the discovery of PSR J1838+1523

We report the results of a blind pulsar survey carried out with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 325 MHz. The survey covered about 10\% of the region between Galactic longitude 45$^{\circ} < l <$ 135$^{\circ}$ and Galactic latitude 1$^{\circ} < |b| <$ 10$^{\circ}$ with a dwell time of 1800 s, resulting in the detection of 28 pulsars. One of these, PSR J1838+1523, was previously unknown and has a period of 549 ms and a dispersion measure of 68 pc cm\sups{$-$3}. We also present the timing solution of this pulsar obtained from multi-frequency timing observations carried out with the GMRT and the Ooty Radio Telescope. The measured flux density of this pulsar is 4.3$\pm$1.8 and 1.2$\pm$0.7 mJy at 325 and 610 MHz, respectively. This implies a spectral index of $-$2$\pm$0.8, thus making the expected flux density at 1.4 GHz to be about 0.2 mJy, which would be just detectable in the high frequency pulsar surveys like the Northern High Time Resolution Universe pulsar survey. This discovery underlines the importance of low frequency pulsar surveys in detecting steep spectrum pulsars, thus providing complementary coverage of the pulsar population.
Probing the imprints of generalized interacting dark energy on the growth of perturbations

We extensively study the evolution and distinct signatures of cosmological models, in which dark energy interacts directly with dark matter. We first focus on the imprints of these coupled models on the cosmic microwave background temperature power spectrum, in which we discuss the multipole peak separation together with the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect. We also address the growth of matter perturbations, and disentangle the interacting dark energy models using the expansion history together with the growth history. We find that a disformal coupling between dark matter and dark energy induces intermediate-scales and time-dependent damped oscillatory features in the matter growth rate function, a unique characteristic of this coupling. Apart from the disformal coupling, we also consider conformally coupled models, together with models which simultaneously make use of both couplings.
3C 129: The GMRT observations

We present radio maps of the head-tail radio galaxy, 3C 129 at 240 and 610 MHz using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. We have studied in detail the morphology of the source and the distribution of spectral index over the object. We find large-scale spectral steepening along the jet away from the core. Using synchrotron spectral ageing theory, we infer the age (time since particle acceleration) of electrons at various locations along the jet and ascribe an age of ∼200 Myr to 3C 129. We find that the "Crosspiece" has a spectral index of ∼−1, similar to the jet, which is not consistent with the suggestion by Lane et al. (2002) that it could be a radio relic. We have also studied 3C 129.1 and the other sources in the field.
Novel HCV Genotype 4d Infectious Systems and Assessment of Direct-Acting Antivirals and Antibody Neutralization

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 4 is highly prevalent in the Middle East and parts of Africa. Subtype 4d has recently spread among high-risk groups in Europe. However, 4d infectious culture systems are not available, hampering studies of drugs, as well as neutralizing antibodies relevant for HCV vaccine development. We determined the consensus 4d sequence from a chronic hepatitis C patient by next-generation sequencing, generated a full-length clone thereof (pDH13), and demonstrated that pDH13 RNA-transcripts were viable in the human-liver chimeric mouse model, but not in Huh7.5 cells. However, a JFH1-based DH13 Core-NS5A 4d clone encoding A1671S, T1785V, and D2411G was viable in Huh7.5 cells, with efficient growth after inclusion of 10 additional substitutions [4d(C5A)-13m]. The efficacies of NS3/4A protease- and NS5A- inhibitors against genotypes 4a and 4d were similar, except for ledipasvir, which is less potent against 4d. Compared to 4a, the 4d(C5A)-13m virus was more sensitive to neutralizing monoclonal antibodies AR3A and AR5A, as well as 4a and 4d patient plasma antibodies. In conclusion, we developed the first genotype 4d infectious culture system enabling DAA efficacy testing and antibody neutralization assessment critical to optimization of DAA treatments in the clinic and for vaccine design to combat the HCV epidemic.
Delay Measurement in Openflow-Enabled MPLS-TP Network

The present article is aimed to show how we can take profit from similarities between Multiprotocol Label Switching Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) architecture and Software Defined Network SDN implementation. We will outline how the SDN model can be useful for MPLS-TP network and how to meet Transport carrier requirements. We are also proposing an operational model able to satisfy one of the important Key Performance Indicators KPI related to Delay by using Delay Measurement’s DM operation and maintenance OAM procedure. This concept shows how real traffic engineering is done based on DM application module on top of Openflow controller.
Perception and Attitude of Pakistani Doctors Toward the Use of Telemedicine Technology

Background: Healthcare providers may improve healthcare delivery and make it available to more people by combining advanced technologies with high-quality network services. In this regard, telemedicine has improved healthcare providers' ability to provide services for a large number of individuals without their physical presence. Pakistan's healthcare system is a mix of government infrastructure, parastatal healthcare, the private sector, civil society, and charitable contributions. However, unawareness, poor education, lack of skills, lack of resources, and technical issues including internet connectivity, and load shedding have limited the accessibility of the Pakistani population towards advancement in the healthcare industry. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at a private tertiary care hospital from April to June 2022 in Karachi. To recruit the study participants, a purposive sampling technique was used. Practicing doctors (n=100), who were aware of telemedicine technology and agreed to participate in the study, were included as study participants. A self-developed proforma was administered to doctors to assess the study's objectives. Results: Out of 100, 64% (n=64) of the participants have no experience working in telemedicine while only 36% have worked with telemedicine for at least one year. When asked about the application of telemedicine technology only 46% of the doctors knew the technology used. While only 42% of the doctors were familiar with the telemedicine tools, including a virtual stethoscope, pulse oximeter, etc. views regarding continue using telemedicine, 26% of the participants having no experience with telemedicine agreed that they would like to use telemedicine, 35% agreed to use telemedicine with improvement whereas 3% of them do not want to use the telemedicine technology. Conclusion: The participants of the current study were aware of telemedicine technology and its advantages. However, despite their agreement, the majority of the doctors emphasized the improvement of the system to deliver better services by using this technology.
Genetic variation and heritability for quantitative traits in rice (Oryza sativa) under sodic soil

The present investigation was carried out during 2016-17 at NDUA&T, Ayodhya to assess the genetic variation and heritability for quantitative traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under sodic soil. The experimental materials of rice comprised of 10 genotypes as lines (females) and three testers (males), viz. Pusa Basmati-1, CSR-10 and N.Usar-2009. Each of three testers was crossed with 10 lines during kharif 2016. The genotypes were grown during kharif 2017 and evaluated along with their parents and one check varieties (Narendra Usar-3) in randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment was conducted at soil having pH 9.2, EC-2.21 dS/m and ESP 43%. The analysis of variance revealed that all the treatments, viz. parents, parent vs crosses, crosses, lines and testers were highly significant for majority of the yield and its contributing traits. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits. Estimate of high heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance in percent of mean were observed for the characters like grain yield/plant, biological yield/plant, grains/panicle, panicle bearing tillers/plant, spikeley's/panicle, chlorophyll content and flag leaf area indicating the involvement additive gene action. The moderate narrow sense heritability with low genetic advance in percent of mean were observed for panicle length and harvest index indicating presence of non-additive gene action suggesting heterosis breeding may be useful for rice improvement in sodic soil.
The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. IX. Extended X-Ray Sources

The ≈1 Ms Chandra Deep Field North observation is used to study the extended X-ray sources in the region surrounding the Hubble Deep Field North (HDF-N), yielding the most sensitive probe of extended X-ray emission at cosmological distances to date. A total of six such sources are detected, the majority of which align with small numbers of optically bright galaxies. Their angular sizes, band ratios, and X-ray luminosities—assuming they lie at the same distances as the galaxies coincident with the X-ray emission—are generally consistent with the properties found for nearby groups of galaxies. One source is notably different and is likely to be a poor-to-moderate X-ray cluster at high redshift (i.e., z ≳ 0.7). This source has a large angular extent, a double-peaked X-ray morphology, and an overdensity of unusual objects [very red objects, optically faint (I ≥ 24) radio and X-ray sources]. Another of the six sources is coincident with several z ≈ 1.01 galaxies located within the HDF-N itself, including the FR I radio galaxy VLA J123644+621133, and is likely to be a group or poor cluster of galaxies at that redshift. We are also able to place strong constraints on the optically detected cluster of galaxies ClG 1236+6215 at z = 0.85 and the wide-angle–tailed radio galaxy VLA J123725+621128 at z ∼ 1–2; both sources are expected to have considerable associated diffuse X-ray emission, and yet they have rest-frame 0.5–2.0 keV X-ray luminosities of ≲3 × 1042 and ≲(3–15) × 1042 ergs s-1, respectively. The environments of both sources are either likely to have a significant deficit of hot intracluster gas compared with local clusters of galaxies, or they are X-ray groups. We find the surface density of extended X-ray sources in this observation to be 167 deg-2 at a limiting soft-band flux of ≈3 × 10-16 ergs cm-2 s-1. No evolution in the X-ray luminosity function of clusters is needed to explain this value.
Formation and functions of arbuscular mycorrhizae in coastal wetland ecosystems: A review

ABSTRACT Context Coastal wetlands are ecotones interspaced by land and ocean and are among the most sensitive and vulnerable ecosystems worldwide. They are unique in hydrological, edaphic, atmospheric, and biological characteristics, and play important roles in maintaining the ecological security and ecosystem services of coastal zones. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) are symbiont composed of plant roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which are soil-borne microorganisms widely distributed in various habitats. Many previous studies on mycorrhiza have focused on terrestrial ecosystems while few on wetlands, especially coastal wetlands. Method We systematically reviewed previous relevant studies to explore the formation and functions of AM in coastal wetland ecosystems as well as the environmental factors that affect them. Habitat characteristics, morphological types, and species diversity of AMF in the coastal wetlands were summarized. Both responses of AMF to environmental factors during AM formation and the functions of AM in coastal wetlands were discussed. Result AMF are worldwide distributed in coastal wetland and are mainly limited by flooding, hypoxia, soil pH, salinity and the host plants identification. AMF play important roles in coastal wetlands, involving promoting nutrient uptake of host plants, improving the characteristics of rhizospheric soil, and enhancing plant resistance to salt and flooding stress. Conclusion More comprehensive studies of AMF in vitro in coastal wetlands would be helpful for the conservation and restoration of coastal wetland ecosystems in the changing world.
WALLABY early science – I. The NGC 7162 galaxy group

We present Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind Survey (WALLABY) early science results from the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) observations of the NGC 7162 galaxy group. We use archival HIPASS and Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations of this group to validate the new ASKAP data and the data reduction pipeline ASKAP SOFT. We detect six galaxies in the neutral hydrogen (H I) 21-cm line, expanding the NGC 7162 group membership from four to seven galaxies. Two of the new detections are also the first H I detections of the dwarf galaxies, AM 2159-434 and GALEXASC J220338.65-431128.7, for which we have measured velocities of cz = 2558 and cz = 2727 km s−1, respectively. We confirm that there is extended H I emission around NGC 7162 possibly due to past interactions in the group as indicated by the 40° offset between the kinematic and morphological major axes for NGC 7162A, and its H I richness. Taking advantage of the increased resolution (factor of ∼1.5) of the ASKAP data over archival ATCA observations, we fit a tilted ring model and use envelope tracing to determine the galaxies’ rotation curves. Using these we estimate the dynamical masses and find, as expected, high dark matter fractions of fDM ∼ 0.81−0.95 for all group members. The ASKAP data are publicly available.
Modulation of Glia Activation by TRPA1 Antagonism in Preclinical Models of Migraine

Preclinical data point to the contribution of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels to the complex mechanisms underlying migraine pain. TRPA1 channels are expressed in primary sensory neurons, as well as in glial cells, and they can be activated/sensitized by inflammatory mediators. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TRPA1 channels and glial activation in the modulation of trigeminal hyperalgesia in preclinical models of migraine based on acute and chronic nitroglycerin challenges. Rats were treated with ADM_12 (TRPA1 antagonist) and then underwent an orofacial formalin test to assess trigeminal hyperalgesia. mRNA levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and glia cell activation were evaluated in the Medulla oblongata and in the trigeminal ganglia. In the nitroglycerin-treated rats, ADM_12 showed an antihyperalgesic effect in both acute and chronic models, and it counteracted the changes in CGRP and cytokine gene expression. In the acute nitroglycerin model, ADM_12 reduced nitroglycerin-induced increase in microglial and astroglial activation in trigeminal nucleus caudalis area. In the chronic model, we detected a nitroglycerin-induced activation of satellite glial cells in the trigeminal ganglia that was inhibited by ADM_12. These findings show that TRPA1 antagonism reverts experimentally induced hyperalgesia in acute and chronic models of migraine and prevents multiple changes in inflammatory pathways by modulating glial activation.
Deformation of periclase single crystals at high pressure and temperature: Quantification of the effect of pressure on slip-system activities

In order to investigate the effect of pressure on periclase (MgO) dislocation slip-system activities, creep experiments have been carried out on MgO single crystals, at T and P, respectively, ranging from 1000 °C to 1200 °C and 4 to 9 GPa, in a deformation-DIA apparatus coupled with x-ray synchrotron radiation. Crystals were deformed in compression along either [100], [100], or [111] directions. These orientations were chosen to activate, respectively, either 1/2〈1-10〉{110} dislocation slip systems, 1/2〈1-10〉{100} systems, or simultaneously 1/2〈1-10〉{110} and 1/2〈1-10〉{100} systems. Experiments are carried out in a temperature range of 1000 °C to –1200 °C and a pressure range up to 8 GPa. Experimental results indicate that pressure influences differently the activities of these slip systems, which should yield a transition of dominant slip systems from 1/2〈1-10〉{110} at low pressure to 1/2〈1-10〉{100}. This pressure induced transition is expected to occur at 23 GPa, which would correspond to a pressure in .