Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
POTENTIAL OF GLASS, BASALT OR CARBON FIBRES FOR REINFORCEMENT OF PARTIALLY PYROLYSED COMPOSITES WITH IMPROVED TEMPERATURE AND FIRE RESISTANCE

The study considers the mechanical properties and temperature resistance of partially pyrolysed composites reinforced with various fibres. The composites were prepared by pyrolysis at 650 °C, where only partial conversion of the polymer to the inorganic SiOC structure takes place in the matrix. Such a hybrid matrix bears resemblance to polymeric materials in a density and Young's modulus, but oxidation resistance and creep behaviour are closer to silicate glasses. Pyrolysis also ensures that the whole composite material is non-flammable with very low potential for releasing toxic gases during a fire. Three types of glass fibres (E-glass, R-glass, E-CR-glass fibres), two types of basalt fibres, and two types of high-strength (HS) carbon fibres were used as reinforcements. The mechanical properties – Young's and shear moduli, flexural strength, and fracture toughness – were measured at room temperature. Thermogravimetric measurements and creep tests of these composites allowed estimation of their temperature resistance and fire resistance. The results obtained suggest that the materials under investigation can be applied as panels or shells in the building industry and in transportation facilities.
Effect of interleukin-6 and insulin resistance on early virological response of Egyptian chronic hepatitis C patients to combined pegylated interferon plus ribavirin therapy

Background and aim Response to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific therapy is variable but might be influenced by host factors. We studied whether interleukin-6 (IL-6) level, IL-6–174G>C gene polymorphism, and insulin resistance affect the response to antiviral treatment in HCV-infected patients. Patients and methods Fifty-five chronic hepatitis C patients and 13 healthy individuals as controls were included in this study. Liver function tests, HCV RNA titer, ultrasonography, and histopathological examination of liver tissues were performed for all patients. Pretreatment plasma IL-6 levels and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance were estimated. The IL-6–174G>C polymorphism was detected by the PCR/RFLP method. After 12 weeks of combined pegylated interferon-&agr; and ribavirin therapy, patients were classified into responders or nonresponders according to whether they achieved an early virological response. Results The responders had significantly high IL-6 levels (P=0.01), low mean stage of fibrosis (P=0.03), and low viral load (P=0.04) compared with nonresponders. Although not significant, patients with the IL-6–174 CC genotype reported a higher response rate (81%) compared with those with the CG genotype (50%) and GG genotype (62%). IL-6 level at a cutoff point of 2.15 pg/ml had 81.1% sensitivity and 72.7% specificity and showed significant relation with early virological response (P=0.04). Conclusion Estimation of basal IL-6 level could be used as a predictor of response to pegylated interferon-&agr; and ribavirin therapy in CHC patients.
Interlaminar fracture toughness of a quasi 3D braided composite

Fiber reinforced composite materials are a heavily sought after material for next generation vehicles for light-weighting components due to their high specific strength and stiffness. However, these materials have relatively weak interlaminar strength and are prone to delamination. This is especially the case when a delamination crack already exists. Quasi-3D (Q3D) braided composites seek to solve this issue by weaving the bias tows into the adjacent (above and below) plies. The plies are physically connected through fiber tows as opposed to being bonded simply by the epoxy, and the composite will achieve a higher interlaminar strength due to fiber failure being required for crack propagation as opposed to simply matrix failure. The [ 0 ° / 60 ° / − 60 ° ] UD and Q3D carbon composites are investigated in this study for their better in-plane isotropy. Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness tests were conducted on UD and Q3D samples. In Mode I experiments, the samples were continuously loaded to full beam split using the double cantilever beam method to obtain the fracture toughness throughout the sample. 4ENF is used to measure the Mode II fracture toughness to create a full R-curve for the architectures.
A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF ATLAS & AXIS VERTEBRAE IN RAJASTHAN POPULATION

Knowing the dimensions of the vertebral elements is very important for the development of instrumentation related to cervical spine. Ethnic variations have been reported in these dimensions. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the metrical details of first and second cervical vertebrae to correct the instability of atlantoaxial joint, and to analyze the morphological features to understand the ergonomics of the craniovertebral joints. This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy S. M. S. Medical college jaipur. Total 150 (75 atlas and 75 axis) cervical vertebrae were evaluated. All the measurements were taken in bilateral manner using Digital Vernier Calipers with . 01 precision. Calculated mean value for width of atlas in our study was 69.03 mm. In present study the observed mean value for anterioposterior diameter of vertebral canal of atlas was 25.52 mm. and transverse diameter was observed as 21.98 mm. Mean value for height of anterior arch of atlas was 7.42 mm and for posterior arch height was calculated 5.3 mm. The mean value of Anterioposterior diameter of Rt. and Lt. Superior articular facet was calculated 17.99 and18.29 mm and transverse diameter was observed as 7.81±1.28 and 8.33±1.54 mm. In our present study anterioposterior diameter of inferior articular facet of atlas was calculated as 13.35±1.50mm and 13.38±1.65 respectively for right and left side and transverse diameter was observed as 6.86±1.32 mm and 6.92±1.44 mm for right and left side. Calculated mean value for width of dens was observed 6.64±0.992mm and mean value of dens length was 12.95 mm. Calculated mean value for A-P diameter of vertebral canal was observed 16.48±1.12 mm and transverse diameter of vertebral canal was calculated as 19.81±1.18 mm. Calculated A-P diameter of Rt. Superior articular facet of axis was 14.65±1.44 mm and for Lt. It was calculated 14.65±1.44 mm and transverse diameter was calculated as 13.38 ±1.65. For inferior articular facet mean value of anterioposterior diameter were observed as 13.35±1.50 and 13.38 ±1.65 mm for right and left side respectively and transverse diameter was evaluated as 6.86 and 6.92 mm for right and left side. Morphometric data's can provide more accurate measurements of anatomical elements of cervical spine that could facilitate diagnosis and preoperative planning and will allow for more accurate modeling of this region.
Temporal dynamics of the mixed magnetic phase of B2-ordered FeRh

B2-ordered FeRh undergoes a first-order metamagnetic transition from an antiferromagnet (AF) to a ferromagnet (FM) upon heating. Thin films of B2-ordered FeRh are grown using DC magnetron sputtering and characterized for their behaviour at GHz frequencies and their dynamic behaviour over hour timescales. Ferromagnetic resonance investigations reveal a change in the spectroscopic splitting factor, g, through the range of the transition probed here. By introducing a model that describes the development of the two magnetic phases through the transition, this change in g is shown to be consistent with the development of an exchange coupling across the magnetic phase boundary that induces a non-zero magnetic moment in the AF phase as the result of a thickness dependent phase transition in the AF layer. The influence of such a phase transition is also seen in the extracted value of the Gilbert damping parameter in this experiment. Spin-wave resonance measurements are then performed to try and conclusively measure the exchange coupling between the two magnetic states in FeRh. Measuring the exchange stiffness through the transition reveals that the AF phase has a non-zero exchange energy that varies through the measurement range probed here. The behaviour of the exchange stiffness in the AF layer is attributed to a combination of both the onset of the exchange coupling and the presence of evanescent spin-waves, both of which are consequences of the thickness dependent phase transition in the AF layer. It was then shown that the structure of both magnetic phases could be measured directly with X-Ray Magnetic Dichroism using both linearly and circularly polarized light. The objects measured in these experiments are then characterized for their dynamic properties using X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy. These studies reveal reveal that the dynamic behaviour of the system is dependent on the type of magnetic dichroism used to probe it. This study also shows it is possible use x-ray magnetic linear dichroism to directly measure the structural and dynamic behaviour of AF materials.
Essential Oil from Vietnamese Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Using Hydrodistillation Extraction Process and Identification of it’s Components

In this research, the hydrodistillation extraction method has been adopted to extract the essential oil from Vietnamese Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) peel purchased from Thu Duc, Vietnam. Various extraction conditions influencing the oil yield were investigated. The obtained essential oil was evaluated for physicochemical characteristics. GC–MS studied the chemical composition of the oil. The results showed that with the ground Mandarin peel, the ratio of peel to solvent ratio 1:4 (g/mL), extraction time of 150 minutes at a temperature of 110-120°C, the highest essential oil yield was attained at 5%. Bioactive components found at high content included limonene (97.655%), were followed by β-Myrcene (1.395%), 1R-α-Pinene (0.561%), L-β-pinene (0.264%), Sabinene (0.126%).
The Impact of Early Ambulation in the Pediatric Postoperative Appendectomy Patient

Abstract The purposes of this study were to quantify the mean time to ambulate in a population of pediatric postoperative appendectomy patients at a stand-alone children’s hospital and to identify the associations between mean time to ambulate with admitting floor, patient age, pain medication, occurrence of nausea and vomiting, and length of stay. For decades, it has been suggested that extended immobilization in the postoperative patient should be avoided. Scant literature is available addressing early ambulation for pediatric patients after appendectomy. In practice, we noted that patients are not routinely ambulated early. Data were gathered from a retrospective review of 300 pediatric appendectomy patient charts at a children’s hospital. The mean time to ambulate was 16.05 hours (95% CI [14.14, 17.96]). The mean time to ambulate for patients placed on the surgical specialty unit was 13.48 (95% CI [11.90, 15.07]), compared with 20.36 hours for patients admitted to overflow units (95% CI [16.97, 25.36], p < .0007). Patients who experienced nausea and/or vomiting had a longer mean time to ambulate than those patients who did not (21.17 and 13.49 hours, respectively; p < .0001). Patients who received intravenous narcotics, oral narcotics, and nonnarcotic analgesics had a mean time to ambulate of 17.30, 13.03, and 11.61 hours, respectively (p = .0661). The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between length of stay and time to ambulate was . 47. The results of this research study suggest that early ambulation has a significant impact on length of stay. Despite ambulation being taught in basic nursing education as a crucial component of postoperative care, this nursing-driven intervention is not routinely practiced. Placing these patients on a surgical specialty unit may lead to improved patient outcomes and will provide a targeted audience for future educational interventions.
A PREVALENCE STUDY OF IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDER IN CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN GANDHINAGAR DISTRICT

Objective: To assess the magnitude of IDD in Gandhinagar region and also assess the salt consumption patterns in the region. Study Design: It is a Cross-sectional study conducted in primary schools of both urban and rural areas. Clinical examination of study population for goiter, laboratory assessment of casual urine sample for urinary iodine and estimation of Iodine in salt samples were done. School children in the age group of 6-12 years were selected for study using WHO 30-cluster methodology. During the school survey, 10 salt samples were collected from the students (preferably from all age group) and tested on the spot with UNICEF kit. Iodine concentration recorded as 0, 15. Fourteen Samples of Urine were obtained from students for Iodine estimation from each school. Results: An overall goiter prevalence of 7.75% was observed in the district. Females had a prevalence of 7.68% and males 7.82%. 78.57 percent of subjects had urinary iodine excretion >100mcg/l with 21.43% having moderate -mild iodine deficiency. In Gandhinagar region, 93.2% of households consume powdered salt with 90.5% powdered salt samples having an iodine content of greater than 15 ppm. Conclusion: Iodine deficiency remains a public health problem in kalol and dehgam taluka and proper administrative action to enhance universal iodinization is recommended.
Applications of Fumed Silica Integrating Cavities

Integrating cavities have been used in radiometric and photometric measurements since their creation by Frederick Ulbricht in 1900. Modern commercial integrating cavities use Spectralon, a PTFE-based diffuse reflector with a reflectivity > 97.5% from 350-1600 nm, as a diffuse reflector. However, Spectralon’s reflectivity diminishes in the ultraviolet which limits the potential for short wavelength experiments. The high reflectivity of a recently characterized diffuse reflector, fumed silica, in the UV, as well as the VIS-NIR, has improved the sensitivity of integrating cavity based measurements. With the increased ultraviolet reflectivity, measurements of the optical absorption coefficient of pure water were performed using an improved version of the Integrating Cavity Absorption Meter (ICAM), the ICAM-II. The ICAM-II replaces Spectralon of the inner and outer cavity from the original ICAM with fumed silica powder. The fumed silica diffuse reflector, along with increased volume in the sample region, extended the optical pathlength by a factor of 2.5 at 532 nm and much more in the UV at 250 nm. Scatteringindependent measurements of the absorption coefficient of pure water from 250-550 nm were made with this instrument. Furthermore, the increased reflectivity of fumed silica, the new scattering-independent integrating cavity ring-down spectroscopy technique can be applied to measuring the absorption coefficient of highly scattering media. ICRDS measurements were made of various biological cells and tissues. The results from these measurements were compared with the well-established Inverse Adding-Doubling (IAD) technique.
Comparative performance evaluation of anodic materials for electro-kinetic removal of Lead (II) from contaminated clay soil

ABSTRACT A comparative cost-effectiveness performance evaluation of graphite, glassy carbon, irrudium coated titanium and titanium anodes during electro-kinetic removal (EKR) of Pb(II) ions from contaminated clay soil was investigated. The influences of catholyte concentration (0.2-1N), spacing between electrodes (15-25 cm), treatment time (1-3 weeks) and distance from anode(5-15 cm) on Pb (II) residual concentration were evaluated and optimized using Response Surface Methodology. The relative contribution of the operating conditions follows the order; treatment time > distance from anode > electrode spacing > catholyte concentration. All the anodes yielded high Pb(II) removal with graphite exhibiting slower performance. The electro-osmotic volumes collected at the catholyte compartments suggest electro-osmosis as dominant removal mechanism while Ir-coated titanium exerted the highest electroosmotic mobility coefficients of 0.0054 cm3s-1, 4.98 x 10-5 cm2V-1s-1 and 0.00208 cm2A-1s-1. The least energy expenditure of $46.21per kWh, $0.13 per kWhm-3and $49.74 per kWh.m-3mg-1was attributed to graphite, followed by titanium and then Ir-coated titanium. The most exorbitant glassy carbon considerably exhibited the least performance with $2134.64 per kWh, $6.15 per kWhm-3 and $2094.8 per kWh.m-3mg-1. This study underscores the relevance of taking anodic materials cost into considerations for better evaluation of EKR effectiveness for remediation of heavy metals contaminated-soils.
Fabrication of cationic polymer surface through plasma polymerization and layer-by-layer assembly

ABSTRACT Titanium implants have been widely used for orthopedic and trauma surgery, while they often encounter the predicament of implant-associated infection, which leads to surgery failure. To address this issue, polycation surface coatings that are able to improve the antibacterial properties of implants have been developed. The objective of this study is to fabricate amine cationic polymer onto the surface of titanium alloys via a combination of plasma polymerization and layer-by-layer assembly and to investigate their antibacterial property after implantation. Titanium alloys were coated with poly(allylamine) (PAA) as the first polycationic monolayer via plasma polymerization. The obtained PAA-coated titanium alloys were then assembled with multilayers of anionic poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and cationic poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) through layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly. Surface characterization using scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the successful multilayer coatings of PAA, PSS and PAH onto the surface of titanium alloys. Such amine cationic polymer-coated titanium alloys exhibited a negligible in vitro cytotoxicity, while showed an effective antibacterial property against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, no neutrophil distribution was observed between the implanted amine cationic polymer-coated titanium alloys and tissues, which suggested in vivo antibacterial property. These multilayer coated titanium alloys were able to minimize the implant-related infection and showed a great promise for bioimplantation.
Smokeless flare tips failure investigation: case study

ABSTRACT Flare tip is an important safety feature of most oil and gas producing and processing facilities. They are used extensively in the hydrocarbon and petrochemical industries as a system to achieve safe and reliable gas release during a plant upset or emergency situation. In this study, a detailed metallurgical investigation of failed smokeless flare tip stack drums at natural gas liquid fractionation plant was performed. Environmental scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis and Vicker's microhardness measurement analysis showed severe intergranular cracking damage initiated from the edge of the barrel. Formation of non-protective oxide and Ni-rich sulphide was detected along with the formation of corrosion products and scale primarily at cracks. These findings suggested that the flare tip stack drums have experienced frequent flame impingement or internal burning which promoted microstructural changes in the material and high-temperature corrosion, leading to crack initiation and growth and subsequently resulted in failure.
The Effects of Metabolic Syndrome on Quality of Life

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of metabolic syndrome(MS) on quality of life(QoL) using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2013. We analyzed data for 4,890 adults, aged 19 year or older and provided the correct data about MS and QoL. MS was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III with Korea-specific waist circumference cutoffs and QoL was measured by the EuroQol 5-dimension(EQ-5D). The prevalence of MS was 22.1% and high density lipoprotein(HDL)-cholesterol was the highest prevalence in MS components. The mean of EQ-5D index was significantly lower in subject with MS compared to subjects without MS. Among MS components, only higher waist circumference led to EQ-5D index decreasing and the regression coefficient was -0.018. In conclusion, we suggest the attention to QoL and intervention program for improving the QoL in subjects with MS.
Indices of association between anxiety and mindfulness: a guide for future mindfulness studies

Abstract Mindfulness and anxiety are often linked as inversely related traits and there have been several theoretical and mediational models proposed suggesting such a relationship between these two traits. The current review report offers an account of self-report measures, behavioral, electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and biological studies, which provide converging evidence for an inverse relationship between mindfulness and anxiety. To our knowledge, there are no comprehensive accounts of empirical evidence that investigate this relationship. After reviewing several empirical studies, we propose a schematic model, where a stressor can trigger the activation of amygdala which activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) pathway. This hyperactive HPA axis leads to a cascade of psychological, behavioral, electrophysiological, immunological, endocrine, and genetic reactions in the body, primarily mediated by a sympathetic pathway. Conversely, mindfulness protects from deleterious effects of these triggered reactions by downregulating the HPA axis activity via a parasympathetic pathway. Finally, we propose a model suggesting a comprehensive scheme through which mindfulness and anxiety may interact through emotion regulation. It is recommended that future mindfulness intervention studies should examine a broad spectrum of measurement indices where possible, keeping logistic feasibility in mind and look at mindfulness in conjunction with anxiety rather than independently.
A study of factors associated with the short-form oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) in community-dwelling older adults

Purpose: The short-form oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) is an effective tool for measuring oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). It is reported that the OHIP-14 is associated with oral condition and function, but there are few reports on the relationship between OHRQoL and psychophysiological background. In this study, we investigated the relationships between the OHIP-14 and oral condition, and social and psychophysiological backgrounds. Methods: Community-dwelling older adults (N=177; mean age: 74.6±4.2 years) were recruited in this study. An intraoral examination was carried out to assess their oral condition. The subjects were interviewed based on a questionnaire about their gender, age, general health, oral health, social background, the Philadelphia Geriatric Center (PGC) morale scale for subjective well-being, the Neuroticism Extraversion Openness FiveFactor Inventory (NEO-FFI) as a personality test and the OHIP-14. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the associations between the OHIP-14 scores and the parameters of the oral condition, social and psychophysiological backgrounds. Results: In multivariate logistic regression analysis, self-rated oral health, tongue pain, number of remaining teeth, and PGC morale scale were significantly associated with lower OHIP-14 scores. Conclusions: These results suggest that OHRQoL may be associated with oral condition and social and psychophysiological backgrounds in community-dwelling older adults.