Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
To Evaluate and Compare the Dosimetric Effects of Deep Inspiratory Breath-Hold Technique with Free Breathing Technique With Respect To Target Coverage and Organs at Risk in Patients of Left Sided Breast Cancer Treated By External Beam Radiotherapy

Context: Radiotherapy techniques in breast cancer treatment have improved over years but have also raised concerns over subsequent acute and late effects. One such late complication, cardiac toxicity has led to much interest and optimisation in treatment delivery. Aims: The aim of this study was to compare dose received by the target and organs at risk in left sided breast cancer patients undergoing post-operative radiotherapy with Deep Inspiratory Breath Hold (DIBH) technique and to compare its results with Conventional Free Breathing (FB) technique. Materials and Methods: 24 patients of left-sided breast cancer requiring post-operative were taken for study after proper breath-hold training. CT-simulation was done in both free breathing and deep inspiration breathhold pattern. The treatment plans were generated for both FB and DIBH. Dosimetric values were recorded and compared for both the plans. Design of Study: A Prospective Observational Study. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS statistical software version 16.0. Paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis of the differences. Results: In our study, DIBH plans resulted in significant reduction in heart doses including Dmean (4.84 vs 3.93 Gy), V5 (19.33 vs 16.23), V10 (16.33 vs 13.59), V20 (13.87 vs 12.07), V30 (10.88 vs 9.90) and V40 (0.67 vs 0.41). DIBH also resulted in a significant reduction in all the LAD parameters including Dmax (45.26 vs 43.55 Gy), Dmean (25.54 vs 23.91 Gy), V5 (65.53 vs 59.06), V10 (52.51 vs 40.11), V20 (40.79 vs 28.16), V30 (28.05 vs 16.24) and V40 (14.95 vs 5.24). For LAD maximum relative reduction was observed for V40 (64.9%) and the minimum relative reduction was for Dmax. Compared with FB, DIBH resulted in a significant reduction in lung dose parameters including Dmean (3.85 vs 2.69 Gy), V20 (5.92 vs 3.54) and V40 (2.97 vs 1.61). Conclusion: In our study dosimetric comparison between FB and DIBH plans showed significantly lower doses to heart, lung and LAD without compromising target coverage. Further prospective studies with longer followup are required to evaluate the cardiac and pulmonary toxicity.
Miniplates with A New Design As Skeletal Anchorage for Intrusion of Posterior Maxillary Segment During Correction of Skeletal Anterior Open Bite (A Cohort Clinical Study)

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of newly designed miniplates that used as skeletal anchorage for maxillary molars’ intrusion during correction of skeletal anterior open bite (SAOB). Subjects and Methods: A sample of 22 patients with an age range from 14 to 22 years, suffering from skeletal anterior open bite (SAOB) with increased posterior maxillary vertical height. A new designed custom-made miniplates used after adaptation on 3D model of maxilla for every patient. They were used as buccal skeletal anchorage for maxillary molars’ intrusion. The measurements, including maxillary dento-alveolar heights (mm), buccal crestal alveolar bone heights (mm), bucco-palatal angulations (B-P⁰) of right and left maxillary first permanent molars, 3 months after intrusion commencement.Results: The dento-alveolar height as well as the buccal crestal alveolar height decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05, respectively) after intrusion. Similarly, the B-P angulations increased significantly (p ≤ 0.01) after intrusion.Conclusion: New custom-made preadapted miniplates’ designs were effective for posterior maxillary molar intrusion in cases of SAOB. Both the posterior maxillary dento-alveolar and buccal crestal alveolar bone heights diminished significantly.
Dynamic equilibrium and decelerating growth of a seasonal Neotropical gallery forest in the Brazilian savanna

Abstract: Describing and understanding growth patterns in tropical forests is crucial to assessing their role in carbon balance. Growth and vital rates of a protected gallery forest in central Brazil were estimated, based on six measurement intervals between 1985 and 2009. The sample consisted of all stems ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height measured in 151 permanent plots (10 × 20 m), distributed in 10 transects perpendicular to the watercourse and 100 m apart from each other. Statistical significance of changes in density, basal area, growth and vital rates were tested using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Vital rates oscillated during the study period. Growth, recruitment and turnover rates fluctuated, but had a net decrease over the whole study period, whereas mortality seemed to be affected by a high disturbance event during the 1994–1999 period. The oscillatory behaviour of growth suggests that the forest is pulsating around a stable state (dynamic equilibrium). Nonetheless, persistence of decelerating growth trends may force the site's carrying capacity to a lower density or biomass state.
The Relationship between Knowledge and Medication Compliance Behavior among Patients with Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the highest priority among infectious diseases in the world today with increasing morbidity and mortality every year. Adherence to treatment plays an important role in the success of therapy among TB patients. This study aims to explore the relationship between demographic characteristics, knowledge, and medication compliance behavior among patients with tuberculosis in Indonesia. This study was descriptive correlational and cross-sectional design with the total sample was 150 tuberculosis confirmed in Medan Pulmonary Hospital, Indonesia. In this study found that there is a significant relationship between ethnicity and medication adherence (continues variable) with p = 0.01. Meanwhile when medication compliance behavior was treated as categorical variables, a significant relationship was found between medication compliance behavior and medical history (p = 0.03), smoking (p = 0.005), and alcohol (p = 0.03) among tuberculosis patients in Indonesia. In the multivariate analysis, multiple linear regression was performed which surprisingly shows that education was significantly associated with knowledge of TB (p = 0,02), and ethnicity (0.04).
PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS CHICKENS DUE TO THE PROVISION OF RAW PROPOLIS

The use of antibiotics as an Antimicrobial Growth Promoter (AGP) for livestock has been banned because antibiotic residues in livestock meat can trigger antibiotic resistance in consumers. Propolis is the natural source that has benefit as antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal and antibiotic. The purpose this study was to determine the effectiveness of the addition of feed from the optimal composition of raw propolis to increasing broiler chicken body weight of broiler chicken. This study used broiler chicken as experimental animals. The chickens were grouped into six groups consist of two control groups and four treatment groups with different level concentrations of propolis (2, 4, 6, and 8 g/kg feed). After treatment for four weeks, addition raw propolis in feed had not been able to provide a positive effect on growth performance that were not significantly different from controls. Group chicken with propolis additions 6 g/kg feed showed the best results compared to other treatment groups. The group had final weight values, food conversion ratio (FCR), and carcass weight in 1970.67 gram, 1.52, and 1349.83 gram, respectively. The best percentage of carcass was owned by group chicken with propolis additions 2 g/kg feed which is equal to 74.46%. Raw propolis can reduce feed consumption but increase feed conversion ratio.
Satisfaction of Rural Women in Livestock Management, Health and Empowerment

The study was conducted among the rural farm women of Kamrup District of Assam in connection with their livestock management, health and empowerment. A purposive random sampling technique was used from the exhaustive list of the villages obtained from the offices of the BDO and Panchayats to select the farm women where ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) members in the Department of Health and Family Welfare under NRHM (National Rural Health Mission) were in action. Data pertaining to these areas were collected through a specially constructed pre-tested, reliable and valid interview schedule by personally approaching the rural farm women. Then the data such collected were compiled, tabulated and processed by calculating frequency, mean standard deviation and range and multiple correlation analysis. Based on the results conclusions and inferences relating livestock management, health and empowerment were drawn. It was found that by and large all the rural farm women were satisfied with regard to animal husbandry, own health and empowerment. Further the three areas i.e. animal husbandry, health and empowerment of the rural farm women were highly and positively correlated to each other.
Spironolactone: A promising anti-schistosomal drug as revealed by scanning electron microscopy of adult worms

Background: Schistosomiasis mansoni is still a widespread parasitic infection especially among poor developing countries. Depending on praziquantel (PZQ) as a single medication for treatment and control, causes the emergence of isolates resistant to this drug. Continuous efforts are needed for the introduction of new effective therapies. Some diuretics including spironolactone, showed promising anti-parasitic effects. Objectives: In this study, spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, was evaluated regarding its in vitro lethal effect on Schistosomamansoni (S. mansoni) adult worms using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and Methods: A total of 144 worms; 72 males and 72 females were exposed to a concentration of 10 μg/ml of spironolactone for 5 days at 37±0.5°C in 5% CO2 incubator. A pure medium and a medium containing 0.5% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (vehicle) were used as negative controls, while PZQ at 10 μg/ml was used as a reference drug. The compound was then retested using the same technique by successive descending dilutions of the solution. Mortality rate of 50% (lethal concentration) (LC50) and 100% (lethal concentration) (LC100) were calculated after 72 h and 5 days exposure. Results: Our results highlighted the potent anti-schistosome effect of spironolactone as it showed 100% mortality of worms at 6.4 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml after 72 h and 5 days exposure, respectively. While 50% mortality of worms was obtained at 4.5 μg/ml and 3 μg/ml after 72 h and 5 days exposure, respectively. Moreover, SEM of male and female S. mansoni worms exposed to spironolactone in vitro, showed disintegration and sloughing of the tubercles on the dorsal surface of males, erosion of the tegument with exposure and appearance of the sub-tegumental tissue in males and females. Conclusion: Being a safe, oral, inexpensive, and well tolerated drug, spironolactone is capable of being a potent future anti-schistosome drug.
Effect of AM Fungi Funneliformis mosseae on the Growth of Ocimum sanctum

Ocimum sanctum is a plant having great economical value and is used in Ayurveda as medicine. There are evidences that Ocimum sanctum can address physical, chemical, metabolic and psychological stress through a unique combination of pharmacological actions (Marc Maurice Cohen, 2014). The symbiotic root-fungal association increases the uptake of less mobile nutrients (Ortas et al., 2001), essentially phosphorus (P) but also of micronutrients like zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). The symbiosis has also been reported as influencing water uptake. AMF can also benefit plants by stimulating the production of growth regulating substances, increasing photosynthesis, improving osmotic adjustment under drought and salinity stresses and increasing resistance to pests and soil borne diseases (Al-Karaki, 2006). These benefits are mainly attributed to improved phosphorous nutrition (Plenchette et al., 2005). The ability of VAM fungi to enhance host-plant uptake of relatively immobile nutrients, in particular phosphorus and several micronutrients, has been the most recognized beneficial effect of mycorrhizae. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 4(2016) pp. 64-67 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Probiotic Psychrobacter sp. improved the autochthonous microbial diversity along the gastrointestinal tract of grouper Epinephelus coioides

The effect of dietary administration of probiotic Psychrobacter sp. SE6 for 60 days on the autochthonous microbiota in the foregut, midgut and hindgut of juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides was assessed using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). A complex and generally similar bacterial composition was present along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of fish fed the probiotic or control diet. However, samples collected from the probiotic group and control group showed different DGGE patterns. The similarity dendrogram demonstrated that all nine samples from the control group were closely related and distinctly different to the probiotic samples. The total number of bands and Shannon index of the foregut, midgut and hindgut samples in the probiotic group were significantly higher than those in the control group, suggesting probiotic Psychrobacter sp. improved the autochthonous microbial diversity along the GI tract of E. coioides. Some potentially beneficial and uncultured bacteria were stimulated, while some potentially harmful species, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, were suppressed. Sequence analysis showed that the majority of bacterial sequences (48.0%) in this study were highly similar to unidentified clones, suggesting a considerable proportion of unknown bacteria in the gut of E. coioides.
Some Engineering Characteristics of Carbonized Palm kernel Shell and Plantain Peels Briquettes

There is over dependent on fuelwood, twigs and charcoal as the major source of renewable energy and this consequently led to serious deforestation which has destroyed the ecosystem and mangrove. Forest have been over-depleted and fuelwood price have gone up considerably and leaving women and children to travel long distance for its collection. This has eventually led to increase in prices of kerosene and cooking gas in Nigeria. Many researchers have shifted focus on other forms of renewable energy sources such as biomass for domestic and cottage level industrial use. The current changes in global environmental conditions and the increase in atmospheric concentration of carbon and sulphur compounds are motivating studies towards finding alternatives solution since use of fossil fuels have a limited potential and serious detrimental consequences on the environment due to pollution induced by greenhouse gases (Jaan et al., 2010).
Friendly Fire Off

The increasing popularity of online videogames has raised questions concerning their potential to influence online and offline social behaviour. Previous research on social behaviour in relation to playing videogames has often focused on either cooperation (playing in pairs against the game) or competition (playing alone against other players); however, videogames, particularly multiplayer online games, often include both. This study investigates prosocial behaviour in videogames with both cooperative and competitive elements—team-based player versus player (PvP) games—and aims to examine whether the amount of time spent playing these games is related to in-game prosocial behaviour. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 727 respondents and results were analysed using conditional process modelling. No significant direct or indirect relationship between the amount of time spent playing team-based PvP games and in-game prosocial behaviour was found. However, an exploratory linear regression analysis revealed a significant, positive relationship between in-game and offline prosocial behaviour. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Parasitic infections among captive birds at Sakkarbagh Zoo, Junagadh (Gujarat)

462 Abstract A total of 28 group faecal samples of different captive birds at Sakkarbagh Zoo, Junagadh were examined cagewise. Out of this 20 (71.43%) were found positive for parasitic infections. Eggs of Ascaridia sp. and Capillaria sp. were found in nine (69.23%) and five (38.46%) group faecal samples respectively; oocyst of coccidia (Eimeria sp.) in 10 (50%); ova of trematode in five (25%) and cestode segment in one (0.50%) group faecal samples were observed.
PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF HUBBARD CLASSIC BROILER BREEDER CHICKENS UNDER DIFFERENT HOUSING SYSTEMS

his investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of two housing types (closed and semi-closed), broiler breeder age and their interaction on broiler breeder performance during egg production (25-45 wks ofage), at a private local broiler breeder farm in Alexandria desert road. The results indicated that: Housing system significantly affected on body weight which was heavier in semi-closed compared to closed housing system. No significant difference in egg production, egg weight and feed consumption during egg production period of breeder under two housing system. Housing system significantly affected on mortality rate percentage of breeder during egg production period which was higher under closed housing type. Body weight, egg production, egg weight, feed consumption and mortality rate of female broiler breeders were significantly affected by breeder age. Generally, in most cases, the interaction between type of house and age of breeder hens for studied criteria were insignificant.
MIDWIVES’ PERCEPTIONS OF WORK RELATED STRESS IN MIDWIFERY IN MALTA

Work-related stress (WRS) is a major issue in healthcare, with the midwifery profession ranked as one of the most stressful occupations. This issue in midwifery has not yet been addressed in local research. This study aimed to explore midwives’ perceptions of WRS in midwifery practice in Malta, by identifying which factors contribute to WRS and how WRS affects the delivery of care and midwives’ wellbeing. A non-randomised cross-sectional study was conducted whereby a self-designed questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 50 midwives working at three obstetric wards, the delivery suite and the neonatal unit at a local state hospital. Quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics whilst content analysis was used to analyse answers from the open-ended questions. The study yielded a response rate of 76% (n = 38). Participants identified lack of staff and resources, high patient load, daily rates of inductions of labour and caesarean sections as stress-contributing factors. Results also showed that WRS has a negative impact on midwives’ provision of care and their physical and psychological wellbeing. The study identified several stressful factors and found that these negatively impact local midwives’ wellbeing and pose a threat to the delivery of midwifery care. Future research exploring the effects of WRS in more depth and using larger samples is recommended.
NUMERICAL MODELING OF HEMODYNAMIC HEAT TRANSFER IN HYPERTHERMIA TUMOR ABLATION

Heat transfer in vascularized tissues is commonly described by the bioheat equation (Pennes), which assumes a continuous heat source/sink distribution to model the contribution of the blood vessels to the heat transfer. However, such an approach may be misleading when larger than the capillaries vessels are present too. Along this line, this paper presents a study concerned with sizing the heat transfer needed for a successful operation in planning the localized radio frequency (RF) hyperthermia ablation of a kidney tumor, where the heat is conveyed through hemodynamic flow in larger size vessels and through the tissue, approximated as saturated porous medium, called here the general heat transfer (GHT) model. The results are compared to those obtained by using the bioheat (BHT) model.
Binding affinities of folic acid and related pterins with biological macromolecules under physiological conditions

Abstract Folic acid and pterin derivatives are important heterocyclic compounds found in a variety of biological systems and have been shown to be photochemically active. Understanding the amount of binding that various pterins have with biological macromolecules under physiological conditions is important in predicting what specific biomolecules will bind with pterins and may, therefore, result in photochemical damage from charge-transfer reactions. The relative binding of folic acid, or pteroyl-L-glutamic acid (PteGlu), 6-methylpterin (Mep), 6-hydroxymethylpterin (Hmp), 6-formylpterin (Fop), and 6-carboxypterin (Cap) with bovine serum albumin (BSA), electrically neutral lipid (ENL), polyguanylic acid (Poly G), polycytidylic acid (Poly C), polyadenylic acid (Poly A), polythymidylic acid (Poly T), Micrococcus luteus DNA (72% GC), Escherichia coli DNA (50% GC), calf thymus DNA (42% GC), and Clostridium perfrigens DNA (27% GC) in neutral phosphate buffer were studied. Our results indicate that PteGlu demonstrated strong binding to neutral lipids, while the other pterins showed minimal binding, and BSA had a significant binding to PteGlu, Cap, and especially Fop. Our results also reveal a high affinity for DNA by PteGlu, which suggests that a relatively high percentage of folic acid is bound to DNA before photochemistry occurs.
Runoff and Soil Loss of Vegetative Fallow and Farmland of South-Eastern Nigeria

The effects of two different land uses—namely, 10 year-old vegetation fallow land and farmland—on soil erosion and soil loss were investigated in a part of the rainforest zone of Nigeria. Measurements of 61 sites where rainfall had produced runoff and 54 sites where rainfall had generated soil erosion were carried out from March to November in the 2012 rainy season. The average runoff amounts for the 10 yr-old and farmland plots were 0.11 mm and 0.41 mm, respectively. The average soil loss for the 10 yr-old vegetation fallow land and farmland plots was 12.43 kg.ha-1 and 127.68 kg.ha-1, respectively. The differences in runoff and soil loss between the treatments were highly signifi cant (P < 0.001). The study showed that soil erosion had occurred on the 10 yr-old vegetation fallow plot even with greater aerial coverage conditions resulting in the loss of nutrient-rich topsoil, though the plot had signifi cantly reduced runoff and soil loss compared with the farmland plot. The signifi cant reduction in soil loss with increasing rainfall events on the 10 yr-old plot was indicative of the importance of vegetation in promoting good hydrological functioning in the area. The fi nding from the statistical analyses identifi ed rainfall as the principal cause of losses on the 10 yr-old fallow plot, while on the farmland, rainfall and tree girth were the main causes of soil erosion. The continuous loss of nutrient-rich topsoil, if not checked, may affect the ability of the degraded soil to replenish lost nutrient for subsequent farming. However, to reduce the rate of losses of both runoff and soil on cultivated farmlands, all trees should not be cut down during farming operations as is practiced in this part of the world.