Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LSU Digital Commons LSU Digital Commons Adaptation and the physiology of ocean acidification Adaptation and the physiology of ocean acidification

1. Ocean acidiﬁcation, caused by the uptake of atmospheric CO 2 , is a threat to marine bio-diversity, potentially rivalling the threat imposed by rising temperatures in some marine ecosystems. Although a growing body of literature documents negative eﬀects of acidiﬁcation on marine organisms, the majority of this work has focused on the eﬀects of future conditions on modern populations, ignoring the potential eﬀects of adaptation and physiological acclimatization. We review current literature on the potential for adaptation to elevated p CO 2 in marine organisms. Although this body of work is currently quite small, we argue that data on the physiological eﬀects of acidiﬁcation, natural variation in pH and lessons learned from previous work on thermal adaptation can all inform predictions and priorities for future research. Spatially varying selection is one of the most important forces maintaining intraspeciﬁc genetic variation. Unlike temperature, pH lacks a strong and persistent global gradient, and so selection may maintain less adaptive variation for pH than for temperature. On the other hand, we are only beginning to amass long-term data sets for pH variation in natural habitats, and thus, pH gradients may be more common than previously observed. Two of the most important eﬀects of elevated p CO 2 are reduced calciﬁcation and changes in metabolism. We discuss the ways that a detailed understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying these eﬀects is key to predicting the capacity for acclimatization and adaptation. Important priorities for future research will be to assess local adaptation to pH conditions and to measure the capacity for adaptation to future acidiﬁed conditions in natural populations. Tools for this work include traditional quantitative genetics, transcriptomics and the adaptation of ion-sensitive ﬁeld-eﬀect transistor (ISFET) technology for use in continuous seawater pH monitoring in the ﬁeld.
Broadening the scope of weak quantum measurements I: A single particle accurately measured yet left superposed

Weak measurement is unique in enabling measurements of non-commuting operators as well as otherwise-undetectable peculiar phenomena predicted by the Two-State-Vector-Formalism (TSVF). This article, the first in two parts, explores novel applications of weak measurement. We first revisit the basic principles of quantum measurement with the aid of the Michelson interferometer. Weak measurement is then introduced in a simple visualized manner by a specific choice of the reflecting mirror's position and momentum uncertainties. Having introduced the method, we proceed to its refinement for a single particle. We consider a photon going back and forth inside the interferometer, oscillating between a superposed and a localized state, while subjected to alternating strong and weak measurements. This cyclic process enables directly measuring both the photon's position ("which-path") and momentum (interference), without disturbing either. An alternative explanation of this result, not invoking weak values, is thoroughly considered and shown to be at odds with the experimental data. Finally a practical application of this experiment is demonstrated, where a single photon measures the various transmission coefficients of a multiport beam-splitter yet remains superposed. This method is then generalized to measurement of the wave-function itself, performed again on a single particle.
Rapid Driving Style Recognition in Car-Following Using Machine Learning and Vehicle Trajectory Data

Rear-end collision crash is one of the most common accidents on the road. Accurate driving style recognition considering rear-end collision risk is crucial to design useful driver assistance systems and vehicle control systems. The purpose of this study is to develop a driving style recognition method based on vehicle trajectory data extracted from the surveillance video. First, three rear-end collision surrogates, Inversed Time to Collision (ITTC), Time-Headway (THW), and Modified Margin to Collision (MMTC), are selected to evaluate the collision risk level of vehicle trajectory for each driver. The driving style of each driver in training data is labelled based on their collision risk level using K-mean algorithm. Then, the driving style recognition model’s inputs are extracted from vehicle trajectory features, including acceleration, relative speed, and relative distance, using Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), and statistical method to facilitate the driving style recognition. Finally, Supporting Vector Machine (SVM) is applied to recognize driving style based on the labelled data. The performance of Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) is also compared with SVM. The results show that SVM overperforms others with 91.7% accuracy with DWT feature extraction method.
Nowcasting of Amplitude Ionospheric Scintillation Based on Machine Learning Techniques

Ionospheric scintillation is a phenomenon that can compromise and even make the operation of some space-based systems unfeasible. In this context, it is important to develop tools capable of predicting its occurrence. However, modeling this phenomenon is quite complex due to the influence of several other aspects, such as the geomagnetic and solar activities, the seasons, and the geographic location. Therefore, the main objective of this article was to develop short-term predictive models about amplitude ionospheric scintillation through machine learning techniques. The dataset used was built considering information related to geomagnetic, solar, and interplanetary activities, the phenomenon’s temporal and geographic dependence, and the ionosphere’s state. To predict the value of the scintillation index $S_{4}$ 30 min in advance, six models were used, based on three algorithms, the artificial neural network, the extreme gradient boosting, and the random forest. The results indicated a very satisfactory prediction capacity since a coefficient of determination of 0.87 was achieved by the lower performance model. Additionally, the results demonstrated the usefulness of the considered dataset and the feature selection approach in the model’s development phase, which led to better models in accord with some statistical tests performed.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Relation to Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Bangladesh

Mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) such as dengue, malaria, and chikungunya are common in Bangladesh, with frequent outbreaks in the rainy season. Analysis of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people toward any crisis is fundamental to addressing any gap. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional study mainly focusing on the northern, southern and central parts of Bangladesh to understand the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people regarding MBDs, mosquito habitats, or control measures. A total of 1720 participants were involved in the study from 33 out of 64 districts of Bangladesh, of which 56.9% were male. While most of them knew about dengue (97.1%), chikungunya (81.4%), and malaria (85.2%), only half of them were aware of filaria (53.3%), which is endemic to the northern region. A knowledge score (0–8, low), (9–16, moderate), (17–24, high), and attitude score (0–4, poor), (5–8, moderate), and (9–13, high) were assigned. While poor and moderate attitudes were considered negative, good attitudes were considered positive. About 45% of the respondents had a moderate knowledge score (50–70); however, about 67.9% of participants showed a good attitude score (>70) towards the control of MBDs. It was found that the knowledge and attitude of the responders were related to their profession (knowledge p < 0.001; attitude, p = 0.002), residential area (knowledge p < 0.001; attitude, p < 0.001), and education level (knowledge p < 0.001; attitude p = 0.004). A mosquito is a kind of nuisance bug, and about 79.8% of responders admitted that they kill mosquitoes as soon as they notice them. They also use bed nets (93.7%) followed by mosquito coils (85.7%) as a preventive method. Interestingly, 73.2% of the responders were reluctant to contact the local government during an increase in mosquito numbers. Overall, the people of Bangladesh have a positive attitude towards the prevention of mosquito-borne diseases. It is highly recommended that the government creates more knowledge regarding this issue and develops collaborative approaches with local people to implement robust preventive measures against mosquito-borne diseases.
Mergers and acquisitions and the CEO: Tenure and outcomes

Tenure is an important component of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) outcomes, as highlighted in this study and recent studies by Zhao (2022) and Bilgili, Calderon, Allen, and Kedia (2017). Research on top management teams (TMTs) has found that a good work relationship between senior managers enhances team cohesiveness, communication, and firm performance. This study explores the impact of the joint tenure of the chairperson and the CEO on M&A outcomes. We utilised the resource-based view (RBV), upper echelon theory, and season of tenure theory as theoretical lenses to explore joint tenure’s potential impact on M&A outcomes. Through a long-event window research methodology, which examines the cumulative abnormal returns to the acquirer’s shareholders for a period of three years following the completion date, this study found that the length of the period of joint tenure of the chairperson and CEO in acquiring firms was significantly positively correlated with the cumulative abnormal return (CAR) to acquiring firm shareholders during the three years following completion of an acquisition (CARB). Although this study has utilised 47 acquisitions in Australia from the period from 1990 up to the global financial crisis, our findings are quite revealing. They have contributed to the limited study on joint tenure
[Association of physical inactivity with obesity, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome in the chilean population].

BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is an important cardiovascular risk factor. AIM To investigate the association of physical inactivity with obesity, metabolic markers, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and metabolic syndrome in Chilean adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS Participants from the National Health Survey 2009-10 (n = 5,157) were included in this study. Body mass index, waist circumference, metabolic markers (blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and lipid profile) were the outcomes. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome were determined using international criteria. Physical activity levels were determined using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and physical inactivity was defined as < 600 METs/minutes/week. RESULTS Compared to their physically active peers, inactive men and women had a higher odds ratio (OR) for obesity (OR: 1.77 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.29-2.42], p < 0.01 and 1.25 [95% CI: 102-1.54], p < 0.035, respectively), diabetes (OR: 2.47 [1.80-3.38], p < 0.01 and 1.72 [1.35-2.19], p = 0.002, respectively) and hypertension (OR: 1.66 [1.31-2.09], p < 0.01 and 1.83 [1.54-2.18] respectively. An association of physical inactivity with central obesity and metabolic syndrome was observed only in men (OR: 1.92 [1.42- 2.58], p < 0.01 and 1.74 [1.23-2.47], p < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Not meeting the physical activity recommendations is associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome, which are important cardiovascular risk factors.
Analysis of vertical pressure load exerted on horizontal RC plates by wave impact

The analysis of dynamic pressure load exerted on the caisson structure bottom cover plate subjected to wave action is presented and illustrated by the example of Zagreb Pier in the Port of Rijeka. In addition to physical model measurements, empirical models are applied using input data from the linear wave theory and numerical model. The reliability of the applied methodology is assessed through comparison of measured and modelled values. The best correspondence between the measured and modelled results is obtained using the linear wave theory and the Kaplan's (1995) empirical model.
COVID-19 status and its prevention among Indonesian adults

Background: The world has now impacted by COVID-19. Indonesia is one of the countries predicted to be affected over a longer period. The rapidly screening of COVID-19 status among Indonesians is important to prevent the massive spread of COVID-19. Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the covid status, and its prevention among Indonesians. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among Indonesians using a web-based survey that was randomly distributed using social media after a year of the outbreak of COVID-19 in Indonesia. There were 247 respondents enrolled this study. An emerging COVID-19 tool was utilised for data collection. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were applied with the significance value of 0.05. Results: From a total of 247 participants, 89 respondents had a travel history to the red zone area of COVID-19. 33% of them felt good but isolating after COVID-19 exposure. Most of them used facemasks (50.2%) and washing hands (36%) as health prevention during the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions: Identification of Covid status is important to prevent COVID-19 exposure.
Knowledge Graphs and Data Services for Studying Historical Epistolary Data in Network Science on the Semantic Web

, Abstract. Communication data between people is a rich source for insights into societies and organizations in areas ranging from research on history to investi-gations on fraudulent behavior. These data are typically heterogeneous datasets where communication networks between people and the times and geographical locations they take place are important aspects. We argue that these features make the area of temporal communications a promising application case for Linked Data (LD) -based methods combined with temporal network analyses. A key result of this paper is to show how to create and publish a global Linked Open dataset and data service about historical epistolary data, based on distributed data from several international heterogeneous data sources, that can be enriched by data linking and reasoning, and that can be served back for the research community as an open infrastructure, a data service, and a semantic portal for further study in Digital Humanities (DH). A framework for this purpose is presented for publishing and analyzing communication network data, based on recent advances in analysis of temporal communication networks and the behav-ioral patterns commonly found in them. We applied the framework to creating and publishing two open LD services (CC BY 4.0): 1) the data schema, dataset, and data service of the Dutch CKCC corpus (of ca. 20 000 letters) and 2) the pan-European correspSearch corpus (of ca. 135 000 letters) related to the Republic of Letters (1500–1800). To evaluate and demonstrate the usability of the new data services in DH research, a semantic portal was implemented on top of their SPARQL endpoint demonstrating re-usability, flexibility, and feasibility of the Linked Data approach from a DH research perspective.
Chemical composition and in vitro mutagenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. essential oil from Turkey

: The essential oil obtained from Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (Lavander) has many pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial and carminative effects. Lavandula angustifolia essential oil (LEO) contains monoterpene compounds, mainly linalool and linalyl acetate and various phenolic acids such as caffeic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid. The hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of L. angustifolia produced a pale yellow oil. Gas chromatography-Gas chromatography/Massspectrometry (GC-GC/MS) results showed that LEO contains monoterpene alcohols that primarily include linalool (35.91%), 4-Terpineol (6.10%), α -Terpineol (4.49%) and lavandulol (2.49%). As a result of the cytotoxicity analysis of LEO, the IC 50 value was found to be 0.372 mg/mL. LEO was found to be non-mutagenic against the bacterial test strain Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 with S9 fraction while the highest concentration (9.58 mg/mL) was found to be either mutagenic or cytotoxic against TA 98 without S9 fraction. The essential oil’s antioxidant capacity was found 6.522±0.069 mg/mL while the total phenolic content was 1.22±0.04 mg GAE/g extract (Gallic acid equivalent/g extract). Anti-inflammatory activity of LEO was 1.238± 0.026 mg/mL while that of indomethacine was 0.022±0.003 mg/mL. In conclusion, when the results are evaluated in terms of in vitro biological activities, LEO can be considered as a potential herbal product with active compounds that should be examined in future studies.
Isomorphisms of generic splitting fields of simple algebras.

As Hasse has discovered, there is an intimate relationship between the theory of commutative algebraic number fields and the theory of non-commutative central simple algebras). In this connection, the most important properties of simple algebras are their Splitting properties. A central simple algebra 3l over a field k is said to be split by an overfield K of k if the algebra 3l^T, obtained from 31 by the ground field extension k c , is a füll matrix algebra over K. The main theorem of Brauer-Hasse-Noether [2] can be interpreted äs giving, in the case of an algebraic number field &, a characterization of all the Splitting fields K of 3l which are of finite degree (K:k). Since the original publication of this result in 1932, there have been a number of considerable improvements for its proof, under different points of view. However, any of these proofs is still quite involved and indirect and it seems that we are still lacking in knowledge äs to the 'true' reason for the validity of Hasses theorem. In this connection, any result which gives us more insight into the structure of the set of all Splitting fields of a central simple algebra is to be regarded äs a welcome contribution.
Determinants of Pain-Induced Disability in German Women with Endometriosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic

(1) Background: The main aim of this research was to examine the factors leading to pain-induced disability by assessing the impact of demographic, endometriosis-specific, pandemic-specific, and mental health factors. (2) Methods: Women with endometriosis who attended online support groups were invited to respond to an online survey during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. The Pain Disability Index (PDI) was employed to assess disability-related daily functioning. Independent predictors of pain-induced disability were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. (3) Results: The mean PDI score of the study population was 31.61 (SD = 15.82), which was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than that reported in a previously published normative study of the German population. In the present study, a high level of pain-induced disability, as defined by scores equal to or higher than the median of the study population, older age (OR 1.063, 95% CI 1.010–1.120, p = 0.020), dysmenorrhea (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.005–1.026, p = 0.005), dysuria (OR 1.014; 95% CI 1.001–1.027, p = 0.029), lower back pain (OR 1.018, 95% CI 1.007–1.029, p = 0.001), and impaired mental health (OR 1.271, 95% CI 1.134–1.425, p < 0.001) were found to be independent risk factors. Pandemic-specific factors did not significantly influence the pain-induced disability of the participants in this study. (4) Conclusions: The level of pain-induced disability was significantly higher among the women with endometriosis than among women in the normative German validation study. Our findings identified risk factors for experiencing a high level of pain-induced disability, such as demographic and specific pain characteristics. Pandemic-specific factors did not significantly and independently influence the pain-induced disability during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Impaired mental health negatively influenced functioning during daily activities. Thus, women with endometriosis should be managed by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals to prevent negative effects of pain-induced disability on their quality of life.
Correlations between Quality of Vision, Higher Order Aberrations and Non-Invasive Keratographic Tear Film Break-Up Time in Pseudophakic Eyes after Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification

Aims: In this study, we aimed to investigate the intercorrelations between tear film break up time, measured non-invasively using non-invasive keratographic break-up time (NIKBUT), higher order aberrations (HOA) and quality of vision (QoV) in pseudophakic patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: Thirty-five pseudophakic aged patients aged 50 years or older, and 35 control phakic patients aged 17 to 23 years with corrected visual acuity of 20/20 were included in this study. All subjects underwent similar examination including QoV questionnaire, aberrometry to measure HOA, and NIKBUT. HOA was measured with the OPD-Scan/ ARK 10000 corneal analyzer (Nidek CO. Ltd), expressed as Root Mean Square (RMS) HOA and NIKBUT was assessed using non-invasive TF-Scan module Keratograph 5M (K5M), equipped with modified tear film scanning function (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). Statistical analysis was performed to find the correlation between NIKBUT, HOA and QoV. Results: Patients in the pseudophakic group were significantly older (median age 66 vs. 20 years; P<0.01), had shorter NIKBUT (10.5 vs. 17.2; P<0.01), lower QoV score (1.63 vs. 0.68; P=0.04), and higher RMS HOA (0.5 vs. 0.26; P<0.01) compared to control group. NIKBUT was inversely correlated with RMS HOA (r = -0.19; p = 0.03) and RMS HOA was significantly correlated with QoV, even after adjustment for age and gender (r = -0.21; P0.04). NIKBUT <9.93s was correlated with lower QoV. The area under the curve was 0.81 (95% CI = 0.67 – 0.95, p = 0.012), and had 100% sensitivity and 61% specificity. Conclusion: Shorter NIKBUT was correlated with greater HOA and greater HOA was correlated with lower QoV. NIKBUT value of shorter than 9.93s could potentially predict pseudophakic patients who will likely experience visual symptoms leading to decreased QoV; thus, the use of artificial tears might be beneficial.
School-to-Work Transition of Youth with Learning Difficulties: The Role of Motivation and Autonomy Support

School-to-work transition is a challenging period for youth with learning difficulties (LD). Based on self-determination theory (SDT), we tested the role of autonomy support and motivation in predicting transition status and well-being among this population. This prospective study included 218 students with LD in their last year of a work-study program. They were surveyed at the end of the school year and 1 year later. Two structural equation models were tested: one with the transition status as the outcome and one with well-being. Analyses revealed that autonomy support from fathers was positively associated with autonomous motivation in both models, as was autonomy support from friends in the transition status model. Autonomous motivation positively predicted both outcomes, while controlled motivation negatively predicted them. In sum, the psychological resources proposed by SDT seem to matter for youth with LD, thereby providing support for the generalizability of SDT.