Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DementiaDisease in a Very Elderly Population with Ganglia Are a Biomarker of Small-Vessel Dilated Perivascular Spaces in the Basal

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dilated perivascular spaces have been shown to be a speciﬁc biomarker of cerebral small-vessel disease in young patients with dementia. Our aim was to examine the discriminative power of dilated cerebral perivascular spaces as biomarkers of small-vessel disease in a very elderly population of patients with dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied healthy volunteers ( n (cid:2) 65; mean age, 78 (cid:3) 5.6 years) and subjects with vascular dementia ( n (cid:2) 39; mean age, 76.9 (cid:3) 7.7 years) and Alzheimer disease ( n (cid:2) 47; mean age, 74.1 (cid:3) 8.5 years). We compared white matter hyperintensity and 2 semiquantitative perivascular space scoring systems (perivascular space-1 and perivascular space-2). Intra-and interobserver agreement was assessed by using a weighted Cohen (cid:2) statistic. Multinomial regression modeling was used to assess the discriminative power of imaging features to distinguish clinical groups. RESULTS: White matter hyperintensity scores were higher in vascular dementia than in Alzheimer disease ( P (cid:4) . 05) or healthy volunteers ( P (cid:4) . 01). The perivascular space-1 score was higher in vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease than in healthy volunteers ( P (cid:4) . 01). The perivascular space-2 score in the centrum semiovale showed no intergroup differences. However, perivascular space-2 in the basal ganglia was higher in vascular dementia than in Alzheimer disease ( P (cid:4) . 05) or healthy volunteers ( P (cid:4) . 001) and higher in Alzheimer disease than inhealthyvolunteers( P (cid:4) . 001). Modelingofdementiaversushealthyvolunteers
Nanoscale Stoichiometric Analysis of a High-Temperature Superconductor by Atom Probe Tomography

Abstract The functional properties of the high-temperature superconductor Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ (Y-123) are closely correlated to the exact stoichiometry and oxygen content. Exceeding the critical value of 1 oxygen vacancy for every five unit cells (δ>0.2, which translates to a 1.5 at% deviation from the nominal oxygen stoichiometry of Y7.7Ba15.3Cu23O54−δ ) is sufficient to alter the superconducting properties. Stoichiometry at the nanometer scale, particularly of oxygen and other lighter elements, is extremely difficult to quantify in complex functional ceramics by most currently available analytical techniques. The present study is an analysis and optimization of the experimental conditions required to quantify the local nanoscale stoichiometry of single crystal yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) samples in three dimensions by atom probe tomography (APT). APT analysis required systematic exploration of a wide range of data acquisition and processing conditions to calibrate the measurements. Laser pulse energy, ion identification, and the choice of range widths were all found to influence composition measurements. The final composition obtained from melt-grown crystals with optimized superconducting properties was Y7.9Ba10. 4Cu24.4O57. 2.
An improved anomaly detection in mobile networks by using incremental time-aware clustering

With the increase of the mobile network complexity, minimizing the level of human intervention in the network management and troubleshooting has become a crucial factor. This paper focuses on enhancing the level of automation in the network management by dynamically learning the mobile network cell states and improving the anomaly detection on the individual cell level taking into consideration not just the multidimensionality of cell performance indicators, but also the sequence of cell states that have been traversed over time. Our evaluation based on the real network data shows very good performance of such a learning model being able to capture the cell behavior in time and multidimensional space. Such knowledge can improve the detection of different types of anomalies in cell functionality and enhance the process of cell failure mitigation.
Atypical Presentation of Cutaneous Tuberculosis and a Retropharyngeal Neck Abscess

A 70-year-old Asian man with noninsulin-dependent diabetes presented with a 4-month history of left-sided otitis externa and right-sided facial palsy. Physical examination of the left ear revealed a punched-out ulcerative lesion on the tragus, an edematous and inflamed external auditory canal, and a purulent nonmucoid discharge. Computed tomography of the brain and neck demonstrated a large retropharyngeal abscess, an abscess in the left parapharyngeal space, and a small collection adjacent to the right carotid sheath at the level of C4; the cervical vertebrae and lungs were normal. Microscopy of drained pus and histology of left ear and neck node biopsies identified tuberculosis. The patient was started on antituberculosis drug therapy, but he died within 2 weeks of treatment. We discuss the characteristics of this unusual presentation of tuberculosis infection.
Optimal Unemployment Insurance

The paper develops an equilibrium search and matching model where two-person families as well as singles participate in the labor market. We show that equilibrium entails wage dispersion among equally productive risk-averse workers. Marital status as well as spousal labor market status matter for wage outcomes. In general, employed members of two-person families receive higher wages than employed singles. The model is applied to a welfare analysis of alternative unemployment insurance systems, recognizing the role of spousal employment as a partial substitute for public insurance. The optimal system involves benefit differentiation based on marital status as well as spousal labor market status. Optimal differentiation yields small welfare gains but gives rise to large wage differentials. JEL-Code: J31, J64, J65.
Inhibition of mTOR Activity Restores Tamoxifen Response in Breast Cancer Cells with Aberrant Akt Activity

The Akt kinase is a serine/threonine protein kinase that has been implicated in mediating a variety of biological responses. Studies show that high Akt activity in breast carcinoma is associated with a poor pathophenotype, as well as hormone and chemotherapy resistance. Additionally, high Akt activity is associated with other features of poor prognosis. Thus, a chemotherapeutic agent directed specifically toward tumors with high Akt activity could prove extremely potent in treating those breast tumors with the most aggressive phenotypes. Several studies have demonstrated that rapamycin, which inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a downstream target of Akt, sensitizes certain resistant cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. This study evaluated the efficacy of mTOR inhibition in the treatment of tamoxifen-resistant breast carcinoma characterized by high Akt activity. We found that MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines expressing a constitutively active Akt are able to proliferate under reduced estrogen conditions and are resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of tamoxifen, both in vitro as well as in vivo in xenograft models. Cotreatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in vitro, or the ester of rapamycin, CCI-779 (Wyeth) in vivo, inhibited mTOR activity and restored sensitivity to tamoxifen, suggesting that Akt-induced tamoxifen resistance is mediated in part by signaling through the mTOR pathway. Although the mechanism underlying the synergism remains to be understood, the results were associated with rapamycin’s ability to block transcriptional activity mediated by estrogen receptor α, as assessed by reporter gene assays with estrogen-responsive element luciferase. These data corroborate prior findings indicating that Akt activation induces resistance to tamoxifen in breast cancer cells. Importantly, these data indicate a novel mechanism for tamoxifen resistance and suggest that blockage of the phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase/Akt signaling pathway by mTOR inhibition effectively restores the susceptibility of these cells to tamoxifen. These data may have implication for future clinical studies of mTOR inhibition in breast carcinoma.
Using myoelectric signals for gesture detection: a feasibility study

Farshid Amirabdollahian, Michael Walter, Rory Heffernan, Sarah Fletcher, and Phil Webb, ‘Using myoelectric signals for gesture detection: a feasibility study’. Paper presented at the Ergonomics and Human Factors 2017 Conference, 25 – 27 April 2017, Daventry, United Kingdom.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Rotating tomography Paris-Edinburgh cell

This paper presents details of instrumental development to extend synchrotron X-ray microtomography techniques to in situ studies under static compression (high pressure), shear stress or the both conditions at simultaneous high temperatures. To achieve this, a new rotating tomography Paris – Edinburgh cell has been developed. This ultra-compact portable device easily and successfully adapted to various multi-modal synchrotron experimental set-up at ESRF, SOLEIL and DIAMOND is explained in detail. An in-depth description of proof of concept first experiments performed on a high resolution imaging beamline is then given, which illustrate the efficiency of the set-up and the data quality that can be obtained
HOC-Tree: A Novel Index for eﬃcient Spatio-temporal Range Search

With the rapid development of mobile computing and Web services, a huge amount of data with spatial and temporal information have been collected everyday by smart mobile terminals, in which an object is described by its spatial information and temporal information. Motivated by the signiﬁcance of spatio-temporal range search and the lack of eﬃcient search algorithm, in this paper, we study the problem of spatio-temporal range search (STRS), a novel index structure is proposed, called HOC-Tree, which is based on Hilbert curve and OC-Tree, and takes both spatial and temporal information into consideration. Based on HOC-Tree, we develop an eﬃcient algorithm to solve the problem of spatio-temporal range search. Comprehensive experiments on real and synthetic data demonstrate that our method is more eﬃcient than the state-of-the-art technique.
모순 검증을 통한 다중 움직임 벡터 해상도 시그널링 방법 ( Signaling Method of Multiple Motion Vector Resolutions Using Contradiction Testing )

Although most current video coding standards set a fixed motion vector resolution like quarter-pel accuracy, a scheme supporting multiple motion vector resolutions can improve the coding efficiency of video since it can allow to use just required motion vector accuracy depending on the video content and at the same time to generate more accurate motion predictor. However, the selected motion vector resolution for each motion vector is a signaling overhead. This paper proposes a contradiction testing-based signaling scheme of the motion vector resolution. The proposed method selects a best resolution for each motion vector among multiple candidates in such a way to produce the minimum amount of coded bits for the motion vector. The signaling overhead is reduced by contradiction testing that operates under a predefined criterion at both encoder and decoder with a purpose of pruning irrelevant candidate motion vector resolutions from signaling responsibility. Experimental results verified that the proposed scheme is effective in reducing coded motion information by achieving its Bjøntegaard delta bit rate (BDBR) gain of about 4.01% on average (and up to 15.17%) compared to the conventional scheme with a fixed motion vector resolution.
Evaluation of paclitaxel in adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with operable breast cancer: preliminary data of a prospective randomized trial.

PURPOSE Paclitaxel has significant antitumor activity in patients with metastaticbreast cancer who have been previously treated with or exposed to anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. In this prospective randomized trial, the role of paclitaxel was evaluated in an adjuvant setting to determine its impact on reducing the risk of recurrence in patients with operable breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Five hundred twenty-four patients were randomized to be treated either with 4 cycles of paclitaxel followed by 4 cycles of combination therapy with 5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (Pac/FAC) or with 8 cycles of FAC alone. Patients with intact primary breast cancer received the initial 4 cycles of paclitaxel or 4 cycles of FAC in a neoadjuvant setting. Planned duration of therapy was the same in all patients. After completion of 8 cycles of chemotherapy, those patients who were > or =50 years and whose tumors were positive for estrogen receptors received tamoxifen for 5 years. RESULTS Ninety-two patients have had a recurrence after a median follow-up of 60 months with a range of 5-89 months. Estimated disease-free survival at 48 months was 0.83 for FAC and 0.86 for Pac/FAC group. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.09). The overall estimated hazard ratio for Pac/FAC compared with FAC derived by fitting the Cox regression model and incorporating terms for prognostic factors was 0.66. CONCLUSION Preliminary results suggest that the addition of paclitaxel to a FAC regimen of adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy may further reduce the risk of disease recurrence; however, differences were not statistically significant. At the time of this analysis, there have been 47 deaths. The survival data are too preliminary to permit meaningful evaluation of the impact of paclitaxel on mortality.
Increasing Transcultural Competence in Clinical Psychologists Increasing Transcultural Competence in Clinical Psychologists Through a Web-Based Training: Study Protocol for a Randomized Through a Web-Based Training: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Controlled Trial

Background In mental health care, the number of patients with diverse cultural backgrounds is growing. Never-theless, evaluated training programs for transcultural competence are missing. Barriers for engaging in transcultural therapy can be identified in patients as well as in therapists. Besides language barriers, clinical psychologists report insecurities, for example, fear of additional expenses when involving a language mediator, ethical concerns such as power imbalances, or fear of lack of knowledge or incorrect handling when working with patients from other cultures. Divergent values and concepts of disease, prejudices
Learning from the spinal cord

The graceful control of multiarticulated limbs equipped with slow, non‐linear actuators (muscles) is a difficult problem for which robotic engineering affords no general solution. The vertebrate spinal cord provides an existence proof that such control is, indeed, possible. The biological solution is complex and incompletely known, despite a century of meticulous neurophysiological research, celebrated in part by this symposium. This is frustrating for those who would reanimate paralysed limbs either through promoting regeneration of the injured spinal cord or by functional electrical stimulation. The importance of and general role played by the spinal cord might be more easily recognized by analogy to marionette puppets, another system in which a brain (the puppeteer's) must cope with a large number of partially redundant actuators (strings) moving a mechanical linkage with complex intrinsic properties.
The UPC Submission to the WMT 2012 Shared Task on Quality Estimation

In this paper, we describe the UPC system that participated in the WMT 2012 shared task on Quality Estimation for Machine Translation. Based on the empirical evidence that fluencyrelated features have a very high correlation with post-editing effort, we present a set of features for the assessment of quality estimation for machine translation designed around different kinds of n-gram language models, plus another set of features that model the quality of dependency parses automatically projected from source sentences to translations. We document the results obtained on the shared task dataset, obtained by combining the features that we designed with the baseline features provided by the task organizers.
Cytological techniques to analyze meiosis in Arabidopsis arenosa for investigating adaptation to polyploidy

Arabidopsis arenosa is a close relative of the model plant A. thaliana, and exists in nature as stable diploid and autotetraploid populations. Natural tetraploids have adapted to whole genome duplication and do not commonly show meiotic errors such as multivalent and univalent formation, which can lead to chromosome non-disjunction and reduced fertility. A genome scan for genes strongly differentiated between diploid and autotetraploid A. arenosa identified a subset of meiotic genes that may be responsible for adaptation to polyploid meiosis. To investigate the mechanisms by which A. arenosa adapted to its polyploid state, and the functionality of the identified potentially adaptive polymorphisms, a thorough cytological analysis is required. Therefore, in this chapter we describe methods and techniques to analyze male meiosis in A. arenosa, including optimum plant growth conditions, and immunocytological and cytological approaches developed with the specific purpose of understanding meiotic adaptation in an autotetraploid. In addition we present a meiotic cytological atlas to be used as a reference for particular stages and discuss observations arising from a comparison of meiosis between diploid and autotetraploid A. arenosa.
patterns during silent and audible language A comparison of functional MR activation

PURPOSE: To compare word generation tasks performed silently and aloud as paradigms for functional MR. METHODS: Images were obtained at 1.5 T, with echoplanar acquisition in nine subjects performing word generation aloud or silently. Functional images created from the echo-planar images by means of cross-correlation techniques were superimposed on anatomic reference images. The location of activation from the two tasks was tabulated; the number of activated pixels in each region from the two tasks was compared. RESULTS: Both silent and aloud word generation produced activation in the inferior frontal lobes, sensorimotor cortex regions, supplementary motor areas, and anterior cingulate gyri, predominantly in the dominant hemisphere. Significantly more activated pixels and fewer artifacts were detected with silent word generation than with word generation aloud. CONCLUSION: Word generation silently or aloud produce activation in the brain. Greater activation can be detected in the left frontal lobe with silent word generation, although the subject’s performance of the task cannot be monitored independently during silent word generation.
Teaching and Supervision in Counseling Teaching and Supervision in Counseling

Previous research on professional counselors’ lived experiences of disaster counseling has focused mainly on single disasters. Researchers have identified a need to explore further the phenomenon of post-disaster counseling and shared trauma between counselors and clients. In this article, the authors sought to answer the following research question: What are the lived experiences of professional counselors who live and facilitate post-disaster counseling in areas repeatedly affected by hurricanes along the Texas Gulf Coast? The authors describe their phenomenological study of licensed professional counselors ( n = 6) who lived and worked in areas repeatedly impacted by hurricanes along the Texas Gulf Coast. Implications for counselors, counselor educators, and supervisors are provided.
Systematic Analyses on Mouse Genome Encyclopedia

Our Mouse Encyclopedia Project, which performs exhaustive collection and sequencing of all mRNA species expressed in mouse, successfully collected more than 70,000 different kind of cDNA clones classifiable by 3’-end sequence tags. By Using those clones, we are completing sequence of the isolated cDNA clones in concurrent manner, which piled up to over 10,000 sequences. This number tells that our project reached to the new realm where other genome project could not have reached in terms of the total number of genes sequenced. In contract to the genomic sequencing, our strategy choosing cDNA as the sequencing material brought us big advantages that the amount of sequencing required to obtain all gene information requires much less effort in terms of the number sequence runs, and each gene information are ready for application, upon completion of individual sequence with out further artificial processing of data, i.e. prediction of gene region and exon structure. By taking this advantage, we have started several projects such as analyses of expression profiles and proteinprotein interaction. In the current study, we report results of one of such application, produced by bioinformatic approaches.
Lifetime Extension of Software Execution Subject to Aging

Software aging is a phenomenon of progressive degradation of software execution environment caused by software faults. In this paper, we propose software life-extension as an operational countermeasure against software aging and present the mathematical foundations of software life-extension by means of stochastic modeling. A semi-Markov process is used to capture the behavior of a system with software life-extension and to analyze the system's availability and completion times of jobs running on it. The semi-Markov process can correctly model the time-based life-extension and allows us to derive the optimal trigger for starting life-extension in terms of system availability and mean job completion time. We also present an effective combination of software life-extension and software rejuvenation that can maximize the system availability compared with a system using either rejuvenation or software life-extension.
Evolving fuzzy Optimally Pruned Extreme Learning Machine: A comparative analysis

This paper proposes a method for the identification of evolving fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno systems based on the Optimally-Pruned Extreme Learning Machine (OP-ELM) methodology. We describe ELM which is a simple yet accurate and fast learning algorithm for training single-hidden layer feed-forward artificial neural networks (SLFNs) with random hidden neurons. We then describe the OP-ELM methodology for building ELM models in a robust and generic manner. Leveraging on the previously proposed Online Sequential ELM method and the OP-ELM, we propose an identification method for self-developing or evolving neuro-fuzzy systems. This method follows a random projection based approach to extracting evolving fuzzy rulebases. A comparison is performed over a diverse collection of datasets against well known evolving neuro-fuzzy methods, namely DENFIS and eTS. It is shown that the method proposed is robust and competitive in terms of accuracy and speed.
Interactive example-based terrain authoring with conditional generative adversarial networks

Authoring virtual terrains presents a challenge and there is a strong need for authoring tools able to create realistic terrains with simple user-inputs and with high user control. We propose an example-based authoring pipeline that uses a set of terrain synthesizers dedicated to specific tasks. Each terrain synthesizer is a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network trained by using real-world terrains and their sketched counterparts. The training sets are built automatically with a view that the terrain synthesizers learn the generation from features that are easy to sketch. During the authoring process, the artist first creates a rough sketch of the main terrain features, such as rivers, valleys and ridges, and the algorithm automatically synthesizes a terrain corresponding to the sketch using the learned features of the training samples. Moreover, an erosion synthesizer can also generate terrain evolution by erosion at a very low computational cost. Our framework allows for an easy terrain authoring and provides a high level of realism for a minimum sketch cost. We show various examples of terrain synthesis created by experienced as well as inexperienced users who are able to design a vast variety of complex terrains in a very short time.