Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Blue‐green algal flora at some archaeological sites and monuments of India

The blackish brown crusts occurring on the exposed surface of several monuments of archaeological importance in India were studied. Study sites with different substrata and at different locations were investigated, e.g. the fresco-paintings at Ajanta caves, exposed rock surfaces in and outside the caves of Elephanta, Lonavala and Ajanta, terracotta structures of the temples of Bishnupur and excavated sites of Saronath, Lalitgiri and Udaigiri. In total sixteen different blue-green algal species belonging to eight genera, i.e. Gloeothece, Myxosarcina, Nostoc, Calothrix,Tolypothrix, Fischerella, Westiellopsis and Stigonema were recorded as the main component of the crusts at these sites. Morphological as well as physiological attributes of these organisms were studied. Each species is described and illustrated. Die schwarzbraunen Krusten auf exponierten Oberflachen verschiedener Monumente mit archaologischer Bedeutung in Indien wurden untersucht. Fundpunkte an mehreren Lokalitaten mit unterschiedlichen Substraten wurden berucksichtigt, z. B. die Fresko-Malereien der Ajanta-Hohlen, exponierte Felsoberflachen innerhalb und auserhalb der Hohlen von Elephanta, Lonavala und Ajanta, Terracotta-Strukturen der Tempel von Bishnupur und Ausgrabungsstellen bei Saronath, Lalitgiri und Udaigiri. Insgesamt 16 Arten Blaugruner Algen aus acht Gattungen (Gloeothece, Myxosarcina, Nostoc,Calothrix, Tolypothrix, Fischerella, Westiellopsis und Stigonema) konnen als Hauptbestandteile der Krusten beschrieben werden. Morphologische wie physiologische Merkmale dieser Organismen wurden untersucht. Alle 16 Arten werden beschrieben und abgebildet.
Uncovering Innovativeness in Spanish Tourism Firms: The Role of Transformational Leadership, OCB, Firm Size, and Age

Innovativeness in the tourism and hospitality sector is essential for competitiveness and survival. Leadership plays a key role in promoting (or hampering) firm innovativeness. This article intended to examine the role of transformational leadership (TL) and organization citizenship behavior (OCB) on Spanish tourism firms’ innovativeness (OI). It also investigated whether firm size and age moderate the relationship between TL, OI, and OCB. The cross-sectional survey method was used to collect data from 329 middle-level managers in Spanish tourism firms. The findings of the data revealed that TL and OCB have significant impacts on firm innovativeness; also, OCB mediates the relationship between TL and firm innovativeness. Firm size and age moderate the relationship between TL and firm innovativeness; also, firm size moderates the relationship between TL and OCB. It was found that large firms were more innovative than small ones; also, younger firms showed a higher level of innovativeness than old firms. Managerial and specific firm size and age implications were provided.
Seaweeds in the Southern Gulf of California

Abstract During 1993, quarterly systematic samplings were made at ten representative locations of the benthic environments of La Paz Bay. At each location we gathered algae in the subtidal and intertidal zones. We identified 126 species, of which 118 were previously reported. Eight are first records: Amphiroa beauvoisii, A. misakiensis, A. vanbosseae, A. valonioides, Dictyota cervicornis, Endoplura aurea, Hydrolithon reinboldii, and Liagora ceranoides f. leprosa. The greatest richness was at Calerita and the smallest at Isla Gaviota. The largest number of species was found in spring and the least in autumn. In La Paz Bay the phycofloristic similarity between locations was determined by the degree of exposure to surge, depth, and type of substrate. The association analysis allowed us to identify groups of species that included organisms with different morphological characteristics, from structurally simple to complex, but that share a common preference for the same type of substrate and environment. The morphology of the algae that constituted the associations was different, however the organisms had strategies to adapt, allowing coexistence in habitats with similar conditions. La Paz Bay has a great variety of environments, different types of substrates, and climatic and oceanographic conditions which change during the year. In this sense, seaweeds would be a quantitative and qualitative sign of certain environmental characteristics. If the conditions change, there will be a variation in the species expression, which can be in number or in external morphology. This will depend on their ability to adapt.
Big data analytics adoption model for small and medium enterprises

Purpose Big data analytics (BDA) is recognized as a turning point for firms to improve their performance. Although small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are crucial for every economy, they are lagging far behind in the usage of BDA. This study aims to provide a single and unified model for the adoption of BDA among SMEs with the integration of the technology–organization–environment (TOE) model and resource-based view. Design/methodology/approach A survey of 112 manufacturing SMEs in Iran was conducted, and the data were analysed using structural equation modelling to test the model of this study. Findings The results offer evidence of a BDA mediation effect in the relationship between technological, organizational and environmental contexts, and SMEs performance. The findings also demonstrated that technological and organizational elements are the more significant determinants of BDA adoption in the context of SMEs. In addition, the result of this study confirmed that BDA adoption could enhance the financial and market performance of SMEs. Practical implications Providing a single unified framework of BDA adoption for SMEs enables them to appreciate the importance of most influential elements (technology, organization and environment) in the adoption of BDA. Also, this study may encourage SMEs to be more willing to use BDA in their businesses. Originality/value Although there are studies on BDA adoption and firm performance among large companies, there is a lack of empirical research on SMEs, in particular, based on the TOE model. SMEs differ from large companies in terms of the availability of resources and size. Therefore, this study aimed to initiate a conceptual framework of BDA adoption for SMEs to assist them to be able to take advantage of the adoption of such technology.
Morphometric Comparison Between Different Populations of Darkling Beetles “Pimilia nilotica (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)” In Egypt

Insects include almost 60% of the described eukaryotic animals worldwide. However, the morphological measurements and assessment of the effects of isolation and habitat still lack many insect groups. The current study aimed to compare the morphometric measurements of dissimilar populations of darkling beetles “Pimelia nilotica” in Egypt. A variable comparison of morphometric variations was taken by a threaded micrometer for six different eco-geographical regions from Egypt fall under the Western Mediterranean Coastal Desert, Western Desert Oases, El-Faiyum Depression, the Eastern Desert, Nile Delta, and South Sinai. Twenty-one morphometric measurements were taken in the currents study. Traits best reminiscent of the excellence of populations were distinguished by cluster analysis, and also by the principal component analysis. The primary and second discriminants scores (score 1 and score 2) recorded 76.4% and 23.8%, respectively, of the full variation in samples. Multiple discriminant analysis disclosed clear morphometric differences between Western Desert, Eastern Desert, El-Faiyum Depression, and South Sinai populations. Traits clarifying the maximum of the changeability among populations were those associated with the morphological estimations.
Monitoring of agricultural dominated catchments in Norway and the Heilongjiang province, China: similarities and challenges

This paper summarises environmental monitoring activities and small plot research in agriculture as practiced in the Heilongjiang province located northeast in China and in Norway. For both countries, there is a need to recommend efficient mitigation measures to farmers and monitor the environmental effect of agricultural systems and management practices. Climate change scenarios predict changes in precipitation which potentially can influence agricultural practices as well as lead to changes in run-off and related to land use as well as the environment losses. As such, cooperation in the further development of monitoring programmes and related techniques will be useful in documenting both present and future, climate change-induced changes, related land use as well as the environmental.
Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular Premolar Teeth in a Kuwaiti Subpopulation: A CBCT Clinical Study

Objective: To study the root and root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in a Kuwaiti subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: 152 CBCT images were obtained from the radiology department archives of four dental centers in Kuwait. A total of 476 mandibular premolar teeth were analyzed by two observers. The number of roots, root canal configuration types and canal curvature measurements were examined. The relationship between sex, tooth position, and incidence of an additional canal were compared using the chi-square test, and the level of significance was set at 0.05 (P=0.05). Results: The number of roots in mandibular first premolars was one in 73.9%, two in 24.9%, three and four in 1.2%. On the other hand, the number of roots in mandibular second premolars was one in 79.2% and two in 20.8%. Based on Vertucci’s classification system, 18.7% of the teeth were type II followed by type VI (14.3%). The majority of the examined teeth were straight (74.8%) and the incidence of distal root angulation was about 21%. Canal configurations not included in the Vertucci classification were reported in 102 teeth (21.4%). Variability was significantly higher in the second premolars compared to first premolar (P<0.05). Conclusion: The Kuwaiti population has complex root canal morphology in mandibular premolar teeth.
MORPHOSPECIES VS. GENOSPECIES IN TOXIC MARINE DINOFLAGELLATES: AN ANALYSIS OF GYMNODZNIUM CATENATUM/GYRODINIUM IMPUDICUM AND ALEXANDRIUM MINUTUM/A. LUSITANICUM USING ANTIBODIES, LECTINS, AND GENE SEQUENCES 1

Morphological features are the predominant criteria used to define species of marine dinoflagellates. Taxonomic problems with some toxic groups has led to the implementation of molecular taxonomy techniques and development of a genospecies concept. As a result, the relationships between “morphospecies” and “genospecies” has been questioned. In this study, the genetic differentiation between two sets of closely related morphospecies, Gymnodinium catenatum Graham/Gyrodinium impudicum Fraga and Alexandrium minutum Halim/Alexandrium lusitanicum Balech, were analyzed. The extent of morphological differentiation existing within these two groups is of the same order of magnitude. Analysis of cell surface antigens detected by preadsorbed serum, cell surface glycan moieties detected by lectins and sequencing of the D9 and D10 domains of the Large‐subunit ribosomal RNA gene, showed that the extent of genetic differentiation existing between the dinofagellates Gymnodinium catenatum/Gyrodinium impudicum is substantial. Therefore, both morphological and genetic criteria resolve these organisms as two distinct entities. In contrast, Alexandrium minutum/Alexandrium lusitanicum were indistinguishable using the some suite of molecular markers. The findings demonstrated that classifications based on morphological criteria may be incongruous. On a practical level, molecular taxonomy provides useful tools to distinguish between morphologically similar microalgal species and furthermore can prevent misidentification of species such as Gymnodinium catenatum/Gyrodinium impudicum, a frequent occurrence when samples are fixed with Lugol's or formaldehyde solution.
A Comparative Performance Analysis of Manet Routing Protocols in Various Propagation Loss Models Using NS3 Simulator

The standard design for efficient routing protocols that could provide the optimum value of performance for various network scenarios, particularly affecting the radio propagation is a great challenge. The aim of the paper is to investigate the impact of simulating MANET routing protocols with using various propagation model. It is because typical MANET studies assume the effect of radio propagation is negligible, therefore leading to insignificance simulation results. The choice of routing protocols are Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Distance Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV), which has reactive and proactive mechanism respectively. The performance of routing protocols are quantified with three different radio propagation model i.e. Friis, Two-ray ground and Nakagami. Each model replicate the condition of open space, sub-urban and urban area. Typical performance metrics are used, which are packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay and throughput using NS-3 simulator. Result indicates that various propagation loss models may substantially impact performance routing protocols. The AODV routing protocol shown higher throughput as compared to DSDV regardless of propagation model. The AODV also generates higher PDR when Friis and Two-ray Ground are employed. On the other hand, DSDV routing protocol shows lower delay, lower throughput and higher PDR only when Nakagami model is used. In general, specific path loss condition can affect the MANET routing protocol performance. This study provides a comparative result using NS3 of two extreme routing protocol approach, i.e. pro-active and reactive which can be used as a reference point for further development of routing protocol in various ad hoc network applications and scenarios. 
Prevalence of Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Among School Children in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Background: Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria is a potential risk for transmission and infection. Genotypes known to be associated with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae are cefotaximases (CTX-M), temoniera (TEM), and sulfhydryl variable (SHV). Unfortunately, data on ESBL prevalence in Indonesia, especially in South Sulawesi, is still limited, so further research on the community is needed. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae among school children in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Methods: The research was conducted among school-children in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Detection of ESBL gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. A total of 245 stool samples were collected. Results: The prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae among school children was 76.7% (188/245). Genotyping of EBSL-producing Enterobacteriaceae encoding genes using PCR found that TEM genes, 92.6% (174/188), were higher than SHV genes, 38.8% (73/188) and CTX-M genes, 4.3% (8/188). It was also revealed a combination of ESBL-producing genes of Enterobacteriaceae. The most combination genes were found in TEM + SHV genes, including 55 of 188 (29.26%). Conclusions: The presence of ESBL gene careers suggests that antibiotic resistance has spread in the community, which needs to be of concern since it can be an ESBL gene reservoir that can be transmitted to many pathogenic bacteria.
Observing Rivers With Varying Spatial Scales

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Centre national d’études spatiales Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will estimate global river discharge using remote sensing. Synoptic remote sensing data extend in situ point measurements but, at any given point, are generally less accurate. We address two questions: (1)What are the scales at which river dynamics can be observed, given spatial sampling and measurement noise characteristics? (2) Is there an equation whose variables are the averaged hydraulic quantities obtained by remote sensing and which describes the dynamics of spatially averaged rivers? We use calibrated hydraulic models to examine the power spectra of the different terms in the momentum equation and conclude that the measurement of river slope sets the scale at which rivers can be observed. We introduce the reach‐averaged Saint Venant equations that involve only observable hydraulic variations and which parametrize within‐reach variability with a variability index that multiplies the friction coefficient and leads to an increased “effective” friction coefficient. An exact expression is derived for the increase in the effective friction coefficient, and we propose an approximation that requires only estimates of the hydraulic parameter variances. We validate the results using a large set of hydraulic models and find that the approximated variability index is most faithful when the river parameters obey lognormal statistics. The effective friction coefficient, which can vary from a few percent to more than 50% of the point friction coefficient, is proportional to the riverbed elevation variance and inversely proportional to the depth. This has significant implications for estimating discharge from SWOT data.
LOCALIZATION OF CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN OSTEOCLASTS TREATED WITH CALCITONIN DURING EXPERIMENTAL TOOTH MOVEMENT

The purpose of this study was to clarify histochemically the relation of ultrastructure and function in osteoclasts treated with calcitonin during experimental tooth movement. The upper first molars of Wistar strain rats were moved with a wire spring to obtain a number of active osteoclasts. These rats were divided into a control group (not treated with calcitonin) and seven experimental groups (treated with calcitonin). For demonstration of cytochrome c oxidase activity in mitochondria of the osteoclasts, the DAB method of Seligman et al. was used. The following results were obtained. 1) There was no remarkable difference in the localization of the enzyme activity of osteoclasts between undecalcified tissues and tissues decalcified by 5.0% EDTA solution. 2) Active osteoclasts in the control group contained many mitochondria with reaction products of the enzyme in the inner membrane and outer compartment (type 1 mitochondria, 82.6%/100μm2 in an osteoclast except nuclei) and a few mitochondria with reaction products only in the inner membrane of the cristae including intracristal spaces or lacking them at all sites (type 2 mitochondria, 17.4%). 3) At 3hr after calcitonin administration, maximal morphological changes of the osteoclasts with disappearance of a ruffled border and striking decrease of type 1 mitochondria (12.2%) were observed. 4) Osteoclasts of the experimental group at 72hr after calcitonin administration were almost typical active osteoclasts as seen in the control group and contained 80.2% type 1 mitochondria. These results suggest that cytochrome c oxidase activity was closely associated with changes in form and function of the osteoclasts.
Time‐dependent climate impact of a bioenergy system – methodology development and application to Swedish conditions

The area of dedicated energy crops is expected to increase in Sweden. This will result in direct land use changes, which may affect the carbon stocks in soil and biomass, as well as yield levels and the use of inputs. Carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes of biomass are often not considered when calculating the climate impact in life cycle assessments (LCA) assuming that the CO2 released at combustion has recently been captured by the biomass in question. With the extended time lag between capture and release of CO2 inherent in many perennial bioenergy systems, the relation between carbon neutrality and climate neutrality may be questioned. In this paper, previously published methodologies and models are combined in a methodological framework that can assist LCA practitioners in interpreting the time‐dependent climate impact of a bioenergy system. The treatment of carbon differs from conventional LCA practice in that no distinction is made between fossil and biogenic carbon. A time‐dependent indicator is used to enable a representation of the climate impact that is not dependent on the choice of a specific characterization time horizon or time of evaluation and that does not use characterization factors, such as global warming potential and global temperature potential. The indicator used to aid in the interpretation phase of this paper is global mean surface temperature change (ΔTs(n)). A theoretical system producing willow for district heating was used to study land use change effects depending on previous land use and variations in the standing biomass carbon stocks. When replacing annual crops with willow this system presented a cooling contribution to ΔTs(n). However, the first years after establishing the willow plantation it presented a warming contribution to ΔTs(n). This behavior was due mainly to soil organic carbon (SOC) variation. A rapid initial increase in standing biomass counteracted the initial SOC loss.
Increased Absorption of Palmitoylethanolamide Using a Novel Dispersion Technology System (LipiSperse)

Title: A Pharmacokinetic study showing the increased absorption of palmitoylethanolamide using LipiSperse®. Background: Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a naturally occurring endogenous fatty acid that benefits human health by exerting a variety of biological functions related to chronic pain and inflammation. The aim of this trial was to determine whether the use of a novel crystalline dispersion technology, LipiSperse®, can be successfully used to improve the absorption of PEA. Method: A parallel, double-blind, absorption study to measure uptake of PEA over a 4-hour period. The study was conducted with 28 healthy male and female volunteers over 18 years old. Participants were randomised into 2 groups. One group consumed a single 300 mg dose of PEA together with the LipiSperse® delivery technology (commercially referred to as Levagen Plus), while the other group consumed a single 300 mg dose of unprocessed PEA. Blood samples were taken at baseline and 30, 45, 60, 70, 90, 120, 180, 240 minutes post ingestion. The primary outcome measure of the trial was the change in plasma uptake of PEA over a 4 hour period with the resulting Area Under Curve (AUC), concentration max (Cmax) and maximum change from baseline (Delta Cmax) calculated. Findings: The Levagen Plus formulation significantly increased plasma PEA concentration above baseline concentrations by 1.75 times that of the standard formulation (p<0.05). The maximum concentration of PEA was observed at 45 minutes post ingestion. Conclusion: These results indicate that by using the LipiSperse® delivery system, PEA absorption is increased above the standard formulation.
Un nuovo ascomicete entomogeno rinvenuto in grotta: Cordyceps riverae

Abstract A new entomogenous Ascomycete found in cave: Cordyceps riverae. —A new species of entomogenous Cordyceps, belonging to Subgenus Racemella (Ces.) Sacc. , found on an adult Lepidotteron in a cave near L'Aquila (Abruzzo, Italy) is described. The characters of this species, named Cordyceps riverae, are compared with those of other similar species of Cordyceps.