Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Financial Literacy, Risk Aversion, and College Students’ Online Security Behavior

The emergence of financial technology, coupled with the recent Covid-19 pandemic, has resulted in the rapid expansion of digital financial services and products that are accessed and delivered through digital channels. However, such technology has also exposed digital consumers to online security risks. College students have been considered vulnerable to online security risks. Digital financial literacy (DFL) refers to knowing how to use devices to safely access financial products and services via digital channels in ways that help consumers achieve their financial goals, protect against financial harm, and enhance the ability to know where to get help. Research is lacking in understanding how DFL impacts online security behavior. This study employs a survey method to investigate how DFL affects college students’ online security intentions and the mediating role of risk aversion on the relationship between DFL and online security intentions. With a sample of 92 college students, we found college students’ online security intentions are positively correlated with both DFL and risk aversion. In the mediation analyses, we found DFL only affects online security intentions indirectly through risk aversion. Our findings have implications for academia and college education.
Galileo's Experimental Confirmation of Horizontal Inertia: Unpublished Manuscripts (Galileo Gleanings XXII)

M ORE THAN A DECADE HAS ELAPSED since Thomas Settle published a classic paper in which Galileo's well-known statements about his experiments on inclined planes were completely vindicated. ' Settle's paper replied to an earlier attempt by Alexandre Koyre to show that Galileo could not have obtained the results he claimed in his Two New Sciences by actual observations using the equipment there described. The practical ineffectiveness of Settle's painstaking repetition of the experiments in altering the opinion of historians of science is only too evident. Koyre's paper was reprinted years later in book form without so much as a note by the editors concerning Settle's refutation of its thesis.2 And the general literature continues to belittle the role of experiment in Galileo's physics. More recently James MacLachlan has repeated and confirmed a different experiment reported by Galileo-one which has always seemed highly exaggerated and which was also rejected by Koyre with withering sarcasm.3 In this case, however, it was accuracy of observation rather than precision of experimental data that was in question. Until now, nothing has been produced to demonstrate Galileo's skill in the design and the accurate execution of physical experiment in the modern sense. In the circumstances, it has become unfashionable to support the view of the earliest historians of science that Galileo was the father of experimental science. Reading his published works without a preconceived theory of medieval-Renaissance continuity, these early writers saw them as imbued with a spirit of concern for empirical facts,
Differing levels of gratitude between romantic partners: Concurrent and longitudinal links with satisfaction and commitment in six dyadic datasets

Gratitude promotes high quality relationships, but what happens when partners differ in their levels of gratitude? We examined the dyadic nature of gratitude in relationships using six longitudinal datasets (562 couples). Approaching the dyadic effect from the perspective of a “weak-link” hypothesis, we tested if the link between one partner’s gratitude and relationship quality is reduced if the other partner is low in gratitude. Our results overall did not support this hypothesis as they indicated that grateful individuals were more satisfied and committed at baseline, and more grateful and committed over time, regardless of their partner’s level of gratitude. As an alternative way to conceptualize the dyadic effect of gratitude, we explored a potential similarity effect using Dyadic Response Surface Analysis. Our results revealed no unique effect of having two partners reciprocating the same levels of gratitude above and beyond the effect of each partner’s gratitude.
Development and Characterization of a Sustainable Bio-Polymer Concrete with a Low Carbon Footprint

Polymer concrete (PC) has been used to replace cement concrete when harsh service conditions exist. Polymers have a high carbon footprint when considering their life cycle analysis, and with increased climate change concerns and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emission, bio-based polymers could be used as a sustainable alternative binder to produce PC. This paper examines the development and characterization of a novel bio-polymer concrete (BPC) using bio-based polyurethane used as the binder in lieu of cement, modified with benzoic acid and carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The mechanical performance, durability, microstructure, and chemical properties of BPC are investigated. Moreover, the effect of the addition of benzoic acid and MWCNTs on the properties of BPC is studied. The new BPC shows relatively low density, appreciable compressive strength between 20–30 MPa, good tensile strength of 4 MPa, and excellent durability resistance against aggressive environments. The new BPC has a low carbon footprint, 50% lower than ordinary Portland cement concrete, and can provide a sustainable concrete alternative in infrastructural applications.
PCL/Gelatin/Graphene Oxide Electrospun Nanofibers: Effect of Surface Functionalization on In Vitro and Antibacterial Response

The emergence of resistance to pathogenic bacteria has resulted from the misuse of antibiotics used in wound treatment. Therefore, nanomaterial-based agents can be used to overcome these limitations. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL)/gelatin/graphene oxide electrospun nanofibers (PGO) are functionalized via plasma treatment with the monomeric groups diallylamine (PGO-M1), acrylic acid (PGO-M2), and tert-butyl acrylate (PGO-M3) to enhance the action against bacteria cells. The surface functionalization influences the morphology, surface wettability, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of PGO nanofibers. PGO-M1 and PGO-M2 exhibit good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, whereas PGO-M3 tends to reduce their antibacterial properties compared to PGO nanofibers. The highest proportion of dead bacteria cells is found on the surface of hydrophilic PGO-M1, whereas live cells are colonized on the surface of hydrophobic PGO-M3. Likewise, PGO-M1 shows a good interaction with L929, which is confirmed by the high levels of adhesion and proliferation with respect to the control. All the results confirm that surface functionalization can be strategically used as a tool to engineer PGO nanofibers with controlled antibacterial properties for the fabrication of highly versatile devices suitable for different applications (e.g., health, environmental pollution).
The rationale behind the success of multi-model ensembles in seasonal forecasting — I. Basic concept

The DEMETER multi-model ensemble system is used to investigate the rationale behind the multi-model concept. A comprehensive documentation of the differences in the single and multi-model performance in the DEMETER hindcast data set is given. Both deterministic and probabilistic diagnostics are used and a variety of analyses demonstrate the improvements achieved by using multi-model instead of single-model ensembles. In order to understand the reason behind the multi-model superiority, basic scenarios describing how the multi-model approach can improve over singlemodel skill are discussed. It is demonstrated that multi-model superiority is caused not only by error compensation but in particular by its greater consistency and reliability.
Exploring the Generalisability of Fake News Detection Models

Fake news has been shown to have a growing negative impact on societies around the world, from influencing elections to spreading misinformation about vaccines. To address this problem, current research has proposed techniques for fake news detection, demonstrating promising results in lab conditions, where models tested on an unseen portion of the same dataset perform well. However, the question of the generalisability of these techniques, and their efficacy in the real-world, is less frequently evaluated. Studies that have looked at generalisability argue that models struggle to distinguish between fake and legitimate news across different topics of news, as well as across different time periods, to the ones on which they have been trained. This prompts the more fundamental question of how well fake news models generalise across news of the same topic and time period. As such, through a series of experiments, this study explores how well popular fake news detection models and features (word-level representations and linguistic cues) generalise across similar news. The first experiment reports high accuracies, when these techniques are tested on an unseen portion of the same dataset, replicating the findings in literature. However, the second experiment reveals that these techniques struggle to generalise well, suffering drops in accuracy of around 50%, when tested against different datasets of the same topic and time period. Exploring possible reasons behind such poor generalisability, the analysis points to the issue of dataset size, motivating the need for larger, more diverse datasets to become available. It also suggests that word-level representations lead to more biased, less generalisable models. Finally, the findings provide preliminary support for the effectiveness of linguistic and stylistic features, and for the potential of features beyond the word or language level, such as URL redirections and reverse image searches.
Estimation of the truncation probability in the random truncation model

Under random truncation, a pair of independent random variables X and Y is observable only if X is larger than Y. The resulting model is the conditional probability distribution H(x, y) = P[X ≤ x, Y Y]. For the truncation probability α = P[X ≥ Y], a proper estimate is not the sample proportion but α n = ∫ G n (s) dF n (s) where F n and G n are product limit estimates of the distribution functions F and G of X and Y, respectivly. We obtain a much simpler representation α n for α n . With this, the strong consistency, an iid representation (and hence asymptotic normality), and a LIL for the estimate are established. The results are true for arbitrary F and G. The continuity restriction on F and G often imposed in the literature is not necessary. Furthermore, the representation α n of α n facilitates the establishment of the strong law for the product limit estimates F n and G n .
Cooperative Observation of Ellerman Bombs between the Solar Optical Telescope aboard Hinode and Hida/Domeless Solar Telescope

High-resolution Ca II H broad-band filter images of NOAA 10933 on 2007 January 5 were obtained by the Solar Optical Telescope aboard the Hinode satellite. Many small-scale ( 100) bright points were observed outside the sunspot and inside the emerging flux region. We identified some of these bright points with Ellerman bombs (EBs) by using H images taken by the Domeless Solar Telescope at Hida observatory. The sub-arcsec structures of two EBs seen in Ca II H were studied in detail. Our observation showed the following two aspects: (1) The Ca II H bright points identified with EBs were associated with the bipolar magnetic field structures, as reported by previous studies. (2) The structure of the Ca II H bright points turned out to consist of the following two parts: a central elongated bright core (0:007 0:005) located along the magnetic neutral line and a diffuse halo (1:002 1:008).
High-pass filtered eddy-viscosity models for large-eddy simulations of compressible wall-bounded flows

In this contribution, we consider large-eddy simulation (LES) using the high-pass filtered (HPF) Smagorinsky model of a spatially developing supersonic turbulent boundary layer at a Mach number of 2.5 and momentum-thickness Reynolds numbers at inflow of ∼4500. The HPF eddy-viscosity models employ high-pass filtered quantities instead of the full velocity field for the computation of the subgrid-scale (SGS) model terms. This approach has been proposed independently by Vreman and Stolz et al. Different from classical eddy-viscosity models, such as the Smagorinsky model or the structure-function model which are among the most often employed SGS models for LES, the HPF eddy-viscosity models do need neither van Driest wall damping functions for a correct prediction of the viscous sublayer of wall-bounded turbulent flows nor a dynamic determination of the coefficient. Furthermore, the HPF eddy-viscosity models are formulated locally and three-dimensionally in space. For compressible flows the model is supplemented by a HPF eddy-diffusivity ansatz for the SGS heat flux in the energy equation
Image Scanning Microscopy to Investigate Polycomb Protein Colocalization onto Chromatin

Super-resolution microscopy has been recently applied to understand the 3D topology of chromatin at an intermediated genomic scale (kilobases to a few megabases), as this corresponds to a sub-diffraction spatial scale crucial for the regulation of gene transcription. In this context, polycomb proteins are very renowned gene repressors that organize into the multiprotein complexes Polycomb Repressor Complex 1 (PRC1) and 2 (PRC2). PRC1 and PRC2 operate onto the chromatin according to a complex mechanism, which was recently recapitulated into a working model. Here, we present a functional colocalization study at 100–140 nm spatial resolution targeting PRC1 and PRC2 as well as the histone mark H3K27me3 by Image Scanning Microscopy (ISM). ISM offers a more flexible alternative to diffraction-unlimited SRMs such as STORM and STED, and it is perfectly suited to investigate the mesoscale of PRC assembly. Our data suggest a partially simultaneous effort of PRC1 and PRC2 in locally shaping the chromatin topology.
Altered Bimanual Kinetic and Kinematic Motor Control Capabilities in Older Women

Older women may experience critical neuromuscular impairments interfering with controlling successful bimanual motor actions. Our study aimed to investigate altered bimanual motor performances in older women compared with younger women by focusing on kinetic and kinematic motor properties. Twenty-two older women and 22 younger women performed bimanual kinetic and kinematic motor tasks. To estimate bimanual kinetic functions, we calculated bimanual maximal voluntary contractions (i.e., MVC) and force control capabilities (i.e., mean force, accuracy, variability, and regularity of the total force produced by two hands) during bimanual hand-grip submaximal force control tasks. For bimanual kinematic performances, we assessed the scores of the Purdue Pegboard Test (i.e., PPT) in both hands and assembly tasks, respectively. For the bimanual MVC and PPT, we conducted an independent t-test between two groups. The bimanual force control capabilities were analyzed using two-way mixed ANOVAs (Group × Force Level; 2 × 2). Our findings revealed that the older women showed less bimanual MVC (p = 0.046) and submaximal force outputs (p = 0.036) and greater changes in bimanual force control capabilities as indicated by a greater force variability (p = 0.017) and regularity (p = 0.014). Further, the older women revealed lower scores of PPT in both the hands condition (p < 0.001) and assembly task condition (p < 0.001). The additional correlation analyses for the older women showed that lower levels of skeletal muscle mass were related to less bimanual MVC (r = 0.591; p = 0.004). Furthermore, a higher age was related to lower scores in the bimanual PPT assembly task (r = −0.427; p = 0.048). These findings suggested that older women experience greater changes in bimanual motor functions compared with younger women.
THE EFFECT OF AUDITOR COMPETENCE, PROFESSIONAL SKEPTICISM, RED FLAG, AND INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM ON FRAUD DETECTION

Today more and more cases of fraud occur. In each of these cases, there is always an auditor's failure to detect fraud. It makes the fraud going on for a long time before being discovered. Based on this, we intend to research the factors influencing fraud detection. This study aims to determine the effect of auditor competence, professional skepticism, red flags, and internal control systems on fraud detection. The data collection technique in this study used primary data by distributing questionnaires to auditors working at the Public Accounting Firm (KAP) in the DKI Jakarta area using a purposive sampling method. The data analysis method uses a partial least square model using the SmartPLS 3.3 software. The results of this study indicate that auditor competence, red flag, and internal control system variables significantly affect fraud detection. In contrast, the professional skepticism variable has no significant effect on fraud detection.
P1‐nonconforming quadrilateral finite element for topology optimization

This investigation focuses on an alternative approach to topology optimization problems involving incompressible materials using the P1‐nonconforming finite element. Instead of using the mixed displacement‐pressure formulation, a pure displacement‐based approach can be employed for finite element formulation owing to the Poisson locking‐free property of the P1‐nonconforming element. Moreover, because the P1‐nonconforming element has linear shape functions that are defined at element vertices, it has considerably fewer degrees of freedom than other quadrilateral nonconforming elements and its implementation is as simple as that of the conforming bilinear element. Various problems dealing with incompressible materials and pressure‐loaded structures found in published works are solved to verify the applicability of the proposed method. The application of the method is extended to the optimal design of fluid channels in the Stokes flow. This is done by expressing pressure in terms of volumetric strain rates and developing a velocity‐field‐only finite element formulation. The optimization results obtained from all the problems considered in this study are in close agreement with those found in the literature. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
School-Based Healthcare and Absenteeism: Evidence from Telemedicine

The prevalence of school-based healthcare has increased markedly over the past decade. We study a modern mode of school-based healthcare, telemedicine, that offers the potential to reach places and populations with historically low access to such care. School-based telemedicine clinics (SBTCs) provide students with access to healthcare during the regular school day through private videoconferencing with a healthcare provider. We exploit variation over time in SBTC openings across schools in three rural districts in North Carolina. We find that school-level SBTC access reduces the likelihood that a student is chronically absent by 2.5 percentage points (29 percent) and reduces the number of days absent by about 0.8 days (10 percent). Relatedly, access to an SBTC increases the likelihood of math and reading test-taking by between 1.8-2.0 percentage points (about 2 percent). Heterogeneity analyses suggest that these effects are driven by male students. Finally, we see suggestive evidence that SBTC access reduces violent or weapons-related disciplinary infractions among students but has little influence on other forms of misbehavior.
Characters, supercharacters and Weber modular functions

Abstract We study certain canonical automorphic forms associated to irreducible characters of N = 1 superconformal minimal models in both the Neveu-Schwarz and Ramond sector by using representation theoretic methods. By extending the techniques from [A. Milas, Virasoro algebra, Dedekind eta-function and Specialized Macdonald's identities, Transf. Groups 9 (2004), 273–288. ] to the setting of N = 1 superconformal algebras we obtain a series of modular identities involving certain Wronskian determinants in both Neveu-Schwarz (untwisted) and Ramond (twisted) sector. Three Weber modular functions play a fundamental role here as well as the Dedekind η-function. In the most interesting case of minimal series, we obtain a derivation and generalizations of several classical modular q-series identities (e.g., Jacobi's Four Square Theorem, a Carlitz' identity, specialized Macdonald's identities for B series, etc.)
Experience and Perceptions among Older Outpatients after Myocardial Infarction following an Exercise Intervention: A Qualitative Analysis from the PIpELINe Trial

Traditional cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs effectively improve physical performance and outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI). However, older patients are less likely to participate in such programs. The aim of this qualitative analysis was to investigate experiences and perceptions of cardiac outpatients enrolled in an innovative and exercise-based CR program and to identify possible barriers to improving adherence and quality of life. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on a sample of 31 patients (84% male; age 76 ± 6 years) from the Physical Activity Intervention in Elderly after Myocardial Infarction (PIpELINe) trial, after about six months of the event. Three main themes were identified: Personal feelings after the event; lifestyle change and perception of barriers; and relationships with familiars. Participants perceived sensations of fear at the time of their diagnosis and showed awareness of the importance of following specific health suggestions. They reported a significative change in previous habits and highlighted the need for periodic controls. Few of them felt insecure in carrying out daily activities or practicing exercise and reported an unnecessary protection from the family members. These findings will provide valuable insights for the development of a more feasible patient-centered CR model of intervention.
Why and how does collective red blood cells motion occur in the blood microcirculation

The behaviour of red blood cells (RBCs), modelled as vesicles, in Poiseuille flow, mimicking the microvasculature, is studied with numerical simulations in two dimensions. RBCs moving in the centre of the Poiseuille flow (as in blood capillaries) are shown to attract each other and form clusters only due to hydrodynamic interactions, provided that their distance at a given time is below a certain critical value. This distance depends on physical parameters, such as the flow strength. Our simulations reveal that clusters are unstable above a threshold value in the number of forming RBCs, beyond which one or few cells escape the pack by a self-regulating mechanism that select the marginally stable size. This size selection depends on the flow strength as well as on the RBC swelling ratio. The results are interpreted via the analysis of the perturbation of the flow field induced by the vesicles and the interplay with bending and tension forces. This sheds a novel light on the process of collective motion of RBCs observed in vivo.