Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subtitling Swear Words from English into Chinese: A Corpus-Based Study of Big Little Lies

As Jay and Janschewitz (2008) highlight, the pragmatic function of swear words is to express emotions, such as anger and frustration. The main objective of the present paper is to analyze the translation of the two commonest swear words in English, namely fuck and shit (Jay, 2009: p. 156; Rojo & Valenzuela, 2000: p. 209) and their morphological variants into Chinese in subtitles of the TV series Big Little Lies Season 1. The research instrument used in this study has been a parallel corpus with the software Paraconc, a bilingual English-Chinese corpus of subtitles. Regarding the research results, it could be observed in the findings of translation solutions, among which 66.3% of the instances were rendered in a sanitized manner, including omission taking 31.6%, softening 27.6% and de-swearing 7.1%. In addition, the factors such as the variables of swear words and the grammatical category of swear words also have an influence on the selection of translation solutions.
Density Functional Investigation on Li2MnO3

Li2MnO3 component plays a key role in Li-rich Mn-based layered materials (mLi2MnO3·nLiMO2, M = Mn, Ni, Co, etc.) for achieving unusually high lithium storage capacity. However, detailed lithium storage mechanism in Li2MnO3, such as structure evolution and charge compensation are still not very clear. In this work, the redox mechanism, the delithiation process, the kinetics of lithium diffusion, and the oxygen stability of Li2MnO3 are investigated through density functional calculations. The ground-state Li/vacancy configurations of Li2–xMnO3(0 ≤ x ≤ 1) at five Li concentrations are determined, from which the delithiation potential is calculated as ∼4.6 V vs Li+/Li, and the charge compensation during Li removal is contributed mainly by oxygen. According to the Li/vacancy configuration in each ground state, the sequence of lithium removal is suggested from an energetic view. Both the Li+ in the lithium layer and in the transition-metal layer can be extracted. The first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) s.
Infants of mothers with systemic connective tissue disease – serological and clinical status in the first year of life; a pilot study

Background: Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is an uncommon autoimmune disease caused by transplacental passage of maternal antibodies. The aim of the study was to investigate whether antinuclear antibodies (ANA) detected in newborns of mothers with systemic connective tissue disease (SCTD) are present after 6 months of age, and whether they are accompanied by clinical symptoms, the so-called NLE. Material and methods: A prospective pilot study was conducted in a group of 20 full-term newborns (11 males and 9 females) consequently born to mothers with SCTD and 6 newborns (3 males and 3 females) of mothers without autoimmune disease. The infants were examined for symptoms of NLE. The ANA profile was evaluated in newborns and repeated at the age of 7 months by using the indirect immunofluorescence technique. Results: ANA was detected in 16/20 newborns from the study group in titre 1 : 40 to 1 : 2560 and in 4/6 newborns from the control group in titre 1 : 40 to 1 : 320, as well as in 9 of 19 7-months-old babies of SCTD mothers. There were no skin lesions, and elevated liver enzymes were found in 8 newborns and haematological changes in 7 newborns. No pathological changes were found in the ECG examination in the neonatal period in any of the children. Conclusions: Maternal ANAs are detected in newborns and in 7-month-old babies. Despite 80% of ANA detection in the neonatal period of infants of SCTD mothers and 47% detection in 7-month-old babies, there were no evident symptoms of NLE besides some elevated levels of liver enzymes and haematological changes.
Instructional dissent over the course of the semester

ABSTRACT The purpose of this longitudinal study was to model student trajectories of instructional dissent over the course of a semester. Participants were 312 undergraduate students who completed panel surveys on their worst course of the semester at three time points: during the beginning, middle, and end of a college course. Latent growth curve modeling revealed that, on average, expressive dissent slightly decreased, rhetorical dissent remained unchanged, and vengeful dissent slightly increased each month during the semester. Above and beyond the dissent growth process, student anger and hopelessness were independent and contemporaneous predictors of expressive and vengeful dissent at each time point.
Identification and Aroma Impact of Volatile Terpenes in Moutai Liquor

Terpenes are very important impact aroma compounds in wines, and we discovered some trace volatile terpenes in Chinese liquors in this study. The volatile compounds in Kweichow Moutai liquor (Maotai) were enriched and isolated by liquid–liquid extraction and further separated by silica gel normal phase chromatography, then investigated by gas chromatography–olfactometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A total of 55 terpenes were finally identified in Moutai liquor by mass spectrum data from NIST11 a.L and wiley7n.L mass-spectral library, retention indices, and authentic standards. A majority of terpenes were reported in Chinese liquors for the first time. A headspace–solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was developed to determine terpenes in Moutai liquor and other aroma-type Chinese liquors. According to the gas chromatography–olfactometry and odor activity values analysis, terpenes were the important aroma compounds in Moutai liquor which led the liquor more elegant and delicate.
Impact Of Dynamic Capacities On Enterprise Performance: Case Studies Of Food Enterprises And Beverage Enterprises In Lagos, Nigeria

This study examined the impact of dynamic capacities on enterprise performance using some selected food and beverages enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria. In the study, dynamic capacity was captured with respect to strategic decision-making capacity, product innovation capacity, strategic flexibility, competitive intensity, technological turbulence, and technological capability. The performance of enterprise will be captured with sales growth, enterprise survival, enterprise efficiency and competitive advantage. The dynamic capacity for enterprise performance is estimated by adopting PLS-SEM method. SEM model is calibrated by using the Lisrel 8.70. The study found that the dynamic capacity of product innovation is the only variable that can sufficiently enhance increasing sales growth. Dynamic capacities of Competitive intensity and Technological turbulence are the only variable that can sufficiently enhance the survival of enterprise or sustain the enterprise into the unforeseeable future. Dynamic capacities of Technological capability and Competitive intensity are the only variable that could enhance the efficiency of enterprise. Finally, dynamic capacity of Strategic flexibility is the only variable that could sufficiently enhance competitive advantage of enterprise over other enterprises. This research contribute to knowledge by focusing on the impact of dynamic capacity on enterprise performance using some selected food and beverages enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria particularly the manufacturing enterprises in this trying period that is evidenced with technological change, competition, among others.
Theoanthropocentric: Learning Strategies for Improving Students’ Conceptual Understanding

Learning objectives can be achieved in various ways, one of which is by implementing learning strategies. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of Theoanthropocentric learning strategies for improving students’ conceptual understanding skills. The research population is all junior high school students (SMP), and the sample comprises students from class VIII. The random cluster sampling technique was used to choose the study’s sample. The data collection method used in this research is the conceptual understanding test. Descriptive and inferential statistics serve for data analysis, including the independent t-test. The results show a significant difference between the conceptual understanding of students who used Theoanthropocentric learning strategies and those who did not use Theoanthropocentric learning strategies. The descriptive statistical test results show that the students in the experimental group have a higher mean score than students in the control group. The independent t-test result has strengthened the statistical test results, namely, 0.00 (p < 0.05), from the finding, it follows that the application of theoanthropocentric learning strategies has an enormous impact on improving students’ conceptual understanding skills. Therefore, the Theoanthropocentric approach could be used as a solution to improve students’ conceptual understanding skills.
Mathematical analysis of an age-structured HIV model with intracellular delay

In this paper, we study an age-structured HIV model with intracellular delay, logistic growth and antiretrowviral therapy. We first rewrite the model as an abstract non-densely defined Cauchy problem and obtain the existence of the unique positive steady state. Then through the linearization arguments we investigate the asymptotic behavior of steady states by determining the distribution of eigenvalues. We obtain successfully the globally asymptotic stability for the null equilibrium and (locally) asymptotic stability for the positive equilibrium respectively. Moreover, we also prove that Hopf bifurcations occur around the positive equilibrium under some conditions. In addition, we address the persistence of the semi-flow by showing the existence of a global attractor. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the main results.
Stability of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ perovskite membranes in reducing and nonreducing environments

The chemical stability of perovskite La0.6Sr0. 4Co0.2Fe0. 8O3-δ (LSCF-6428) has been investigated in connection with its potential use as a catalytic membrane for the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM). Once a steady-state oxygen-defect gradient is established (15−20 h), these membranes are found to be very stable under air/nitrogen gradients at temperatures up to 960 °C and they respond instantaneously to temperature changes with an apparent activation energy of 159 kJ/mol. However, serious near-surface etching occurs when one side of the membrane is exposed to 100% CH4 at 850 °C and atmospheric pressure, which resulted in dramatic increases in oxygen flux (a factor of 5). While this also caused an increase in the OCM reaction rate, the selectivity of C2+ hydrocarbons fell from 40 to 10%. It is also shown that stable operation under OCM conditions is possible if CH4 pressures are reduced to 0.1 atm but at a cost of C2+ production rate.
Bamboo Usage in Orthopedic: An Attempt to Reconcile Materials Properties with the Biomechanics of Human Walking

Background: This work is part of an ongoing study on the use of natural materials to provide low cost exoskeleton and orthopedic devices in general. An earlier work showed that fir, pine, oak and bamboo satisfied the requirements of the mid-stance of the Gait cycle which is about 10% of a person’s total weight. In reality, there are eight determinants of the gait cycle and they involve pelvic rotation and tilt, in addition to foot mechanics, knee mechanics and lateral displacement of pelvis. Furthermore, during walking, the peak vertical ground reaction force can rise up to 1.2 times the body weight. Therefore, any replacement exoskeleton material is expected to withstand this amount of compressive force and the rotational torques as well as possess excellent fracture toughness. Methods: The eight determinants of the gait cycle of normal walking were analyzed with along their consideration that during walking, the peak vertical ground reaction force can rise up to 1.2 times the body weight. The materials selection process utilized the Ashby’s procedure and consists of four steps, namely: translation, screening, ranking and documentation. Additional assessment of the fracture toughness and formability of the materials were carried out. Results: While all the natural materials satisfied the basic selection, process based on cost and weight, only oak and Moso bamboo fulfilled the additional requirement of strength and formability. Oak was however eliminated due to its characteristic low fracture toughness which means that it is unable to provide the weight bearing support in the stance phase. Conclusion: All the natural materials studied satisfied the cost and weight requirements for low-cost orthopedic devices. However, only Moso bamboo with
Physiological Effects of Pulsed LED Light Added to a Task Lamp to Improve Alertness on Employees of Hospital or Shift Workers

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a continuous stream of pulses of monochromatic blue pulsed (BP) and a combination of blue and green pulsed (BGP) light-emitting diode (LED) light conditions on physiological responses. This study is an approach to clarify the most suitable LED combination and flickering frequency to evoke alertness when a continuous stream of pulsed LED light is delivered and may suggest applications of continuous pulsed light as support for task illumination for shift workers, hospital nurses, school students or office employees. Combinations were delivered by exposures of BP and BGP LED pulses at 100, 200, and 400 Hertz over two background light colors (BLC). Participants were exposed to 12 different light conditions in a counterbalanced procedure. By integrating measures of electroencephalogram (EEG) and pupil constriction; results suggested significant changes in responses during the interaction of BLC, LED, and EEG. Beta waves exhibited a statistically significance (p < 0.05) in arousal levels when exposed to BG light, although no active task was involved during exposure. Furthermore, pupil reacted with larger constriction towards BG exposure than towards monochromatic B exposure, thus demonstrating that a continuous stream of pulses can deliver a large irradiance without affecting perception as no flickering was perceived in any of the conditions.
Exploring socioeconomic differences in receipt of resection for the primary lesion and time to resection for colon cancer in England: population-based study

Background A persistent socioeconomic gap in colon cancer survival is observed in England. Provision of cancer care may also vary by socioeconomic status (SES). We investigated population-based data to explore differential care by SES. Methods We analysed a retrospective cohort of patients diagnosed with colon cancer in England (2010–2013) using the national cancer registry data. We examined potential factors associated with receipt of or time to resection and whether socioeconomic differences exist in these two outcomes using logistic and linear regressions. Multiple imputation was used for missing stage, tumour grade and emergency presentation (EP). Results A total of 68169 colon cancer patients were analysed. In the most affluent group, 21.0% (3138/14917) had EP whereas 27.9% (2901/10386) in the most deprived. Patients with higher age at diagnosis (80<) and higher number of comorbidities had more than twice the odds of not receiving resection compared with the reference group (age <65, having no comorbidities). Contrary, patients with EP had approximately 40% reduced odds (adjusted odds ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval CI 0.58–0.64) of not receiving resection compared with those without EP. We observed no socioeconomic variation in the receipt of resection in all stages. However, among a total of 45332 patients undergoing resection, the proportion of patients receiving urgent surgery (surgery before or within seven days of diagnosis) was higher in the most deprived group (39.9%, 2685/6733) than the most affluent (35.4%, 3595/10146, p <0.001). Days from diagnosis to resection ranged from 33.9 (95% CI 33.1–34.8) in stage II to 38.2 (95% CI 36.8–39.7) in stage I, but no socioeconomic differences in time were seen in all stages when patients were confined to those undergoing elective surgery (surgery more than seven days after diagnosis). Conclusions Deprived groups tended to have higher proportions in EP and urgent surgery, which in part contributed to the apparent no socioeconomic variation in receipt of resection for all patients, nor time to treatment for patients undergoing elective surgery shown in this study. Other steps in care to reduce EP and urgent surgery should be considered to improve socioeconomic inequalities in colon cancer survival.
Comparative study of the efficacy of bevacizumab 
and rose bengal photodynamic therapy for treatment of corneal neovascularization

Introduction: To compare the efficacy of bevacizumab and rose bengal photodynamic therapy (RB-PDT) in the treatment of corneal neovascularization (CNV). Material and methods: The study design included the induction of CNV by suture placement in three groups of New Zealand rabbits: (1) a group with CNV without any treatment; (2) a group treated with subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab (25 mg/eye); (3) a group treated with intravenous injection of rose bengal and exposed to 532 nm photodynamic therapy. For 4 weeks, the animals were followed up by slit-lamp to analyze the extent of CNV, evaluate the corneal protein secondary structure, and determine the oxidative stress index (OSI). Results: After 4 weeks, traces of neovascularization were observed only in the bevacizumab treated group with grade 0.5. The contents of α -helix and β -sheet were 17% and 61% in CNV, 32%, and 46% in bevacizumab and 40% and 36% in RB-PDT groups vs. 43% and 35% for the control group. Moreover, the percentage changes in the total oxidative status (TOS) for CNV, bevacizumab and RB-PDT groups were 97.1%, 14.6%, and 1.0%, respectively, with respect to the control. The total antioxidant status (TAC) showed no significant changes ( p > 0.05) for both treated groups. The percentage of changes in OSI was 15.9% and 1.3% in bevacizumab, and RB-PDT treated groups compared with the control group. Conclusions: Both modes of treatment were effective in the regression of CNV, but RB-PDT was more efficient than bevacizumab by improving the corneal protein secondary structure and the oxidative stress.
Hydrocortisone with Fludrocortisone for Adult Patients with Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background : The efficacy of corticosteroids for patients with septic shock remains controversial. Therefore, evaluating a specific corticosteroid treatment could solve the conflicting results of past studies. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the beneficial effects of a dual corticosteroid treatment regime involving administration of both hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone for adult patients with septic shock on mortality.Methods : We searched the Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ICHUSHI databases from inception to April 2019. We included peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials that compared the use of both hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone with either corticosteroid-free or hydrocortisone-only treatments on adult patients with septic shock. Three researchers independently reviewed the studies for design, eligibility criteria of patients, dose of each corticosteroid, and duration of corticosteroid therapy following PRISMA guidelines. The random-effects models and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation were applied to rate the quality of the evidence. Primary outcome was 28-day mortality, and secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, long-term mortality, shock reversal, and adverse events. Results : Among the four studies eligible for data synthesis, we included 2050 patients from three studies for quantitative synthesis. All studies used similar regimens (50 mg intravenous bolus of hydrocortisone every 6 h and 50 μg tablets of fludrocortisone once daily for 7 days without tapering). The 28-day mortality rate was reduced after dual corticosteroid treatment [risk ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.78–0.99]. The heterogeneity between the studies was low (I² = 0%). Furthermore, the certainty in the effect estimates was high. Patients that underwent dual corticosteroid treatment had lower long-term mortality rates (RR, 0.90, 95% CI, 0.83–0.98) and higher rate of shock reversal after 28 days (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01–1.12) than control patients. Adverse events (except for hyperglycemia) were similar among the treatment groups.Conclusions : The available evidence suggests that a combination of fludrocortisone and hydrocortisone is more effective than adjunctive therapy and may be recommended for patients with septic shock.
Effect of Ferrous Gluconate on Chromosomal Abnormality Index of Allium Cepa Root Tip

Received : 12/12/2020 Accepted : 21/02/2021 In completed research, ferrous gluconate -a food additiveused to preserve black color to prevent discoloration during storage in ripe black olives, and Allium cepa L. species. A. cepa L. roots were treated with different doses of ferrous gluconate. The effective concentration EC50 (0.068 g/l) was determined. A. cepa root tips were treated with EC50/2 (0.034 g/l), EC50 (0.068 g/l), 2XEC50 (0.136 g/l) dose for 24, 48, 72 hours, and afterward, the root tips were prepared for observation under the light microscope according to the method of preparing mitotic preparation. Chromosomal abnormality index (CAI) and genotoxic effect of ferrous gluconate in A. cepa root tip cells were determined. Repeated measurement ANOVA and TUKEY multiple comparison tests were used to investigate the effect of time and dose together on genotoxicity. C-mitosis, polyploidy, polar shifting in anaphase, polar shifting in telophase, equatorial plate shifting, laggard chromosome was observed by microscope. The highest CAI (70.16±4.85) was observed at 72h for 2XEC50 dose. Chromosomal aberration is also observed in control group. While the most common chromosomal aberration is determined as C-mitosis; The least observed chromosomal aberration is determined as polyploidy. Research results revealed that ferrous gluconate has a genotoxic effect on the root tip of A. cepa.
Open-Set Support Vector Machines

Often, when dealing with real-world recognition problems, we do not need, and often cannot have, knowledge of the entire set of possible classes that might appear during operational testing. In such cases, we need to think of robust classification methods able to deal with the “unknown” and properly reject samples belonging to classes never seen during training. Notwithstanding, existing classifiers to date were mostly developed for the closed-set scenario, i.e., the classification setup in which it is assumed that all test samples belong to one of the classes with which the classifier was trained. In the open-set scenario, however, a test sample can belong to none of the known classes and the classifier must properly reject it by classifying it as unknown. In this work, we extend upon the well-known support vector machines (SVMs) classifier and introduce the open-set SVMs (OSSVMs), which is suitable for recognition in open-set setups. OSSVM balances the empirical risk and the risk of the unknown and ensures that the region of the feature space in which a test sample would be classified as known (one of the known classes) is always bounded, ensuring a finite risk of the unknown. In this work, we also highlight the properties of the SVM classifier related to the open-set scenario, and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for an RBF SVM to have bounded open-space risk.