Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute poisoning in children; Evaluation of cases admitted to Marmara University Hospital in 2015

Amac: Turkiye Istatistik Kurumu 2015 verilerine gore; 1-17 yas grubunda 6477 cocugun oldugu, bu olumlerin %29,5’inin (n=1909) dis sebeplere bagli yaralanmalar ve zehirlenmeler nedeniyle oldugu belirtilmistir. Amacimiz, cocuklarin demografik bilgilerini, klinik ozelliklerini, zehirlenmenin sebep ve sonuclarini degerlendirerek bu soruna cozum uretmektir. Gerec ve Yontem: Marmara Universitesi Hastanesi Cocuk Acil Servisi’ne 2015 yili buyunca akut zehirlenme ile basvuran cocuklarin hastane kayitlari retrospektif olarak degerlendirilmistir. Bulgular: 2015 yilinda zehirlenme nedeniyle toplam 1110 olgu basvurmustur. Bunlarin %31,6 (n=351) cocuktur, bu cocuklarin yaklasik yarisi erkek (n= 173) yarisi da kizdir (n= 178). Erkeklerin yas ortalamasi 6,24 yil, kizlarin ise 8,47 yildir. Hastalarin %60’i (n=213) 0-6 yas araliginda, %8’i (n=28) 7-11 yas araliginda, %32’si (n=110) 12-18 yas araligindadir. %46.1’i (n=162) ilacla zehirlenmistir. Ilaclarda parasetamol %14,8’i ile en sik kullanilan etkendir. Ilac disi etkenlerde ise kostik/koroziv maddeler (deterjan, camasir suyu, aseton vb) %54 ile en sik kullanilan etkendir. Sonuc: Bu calismadaki olgularin %80,3’unu (tum olgulardaki kazaya bagli zehirlenme orani) gerekli duzenleme ve tedbirlerle onlenebilir nitelikte olan zehirlenmeler olusturmaktadir. Cocuga direncli paketleme ile ilgili duzenlemeler bir an once yururluge konmalidir.
Polymeric Nanocarriers Delivering Anticancer Agents for the Treatment of Chemoresistant Prostate Cancer and Lung Metastatic Melanoma

POLYMERIC NANOCARRIERS DELIVERING ANTICANCER AGENTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHEMORESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER AND LUNG METASTATIC MELANOMA Ruinan Yang, Ph.D. University of Nebraska, 2018 Supervisor: Ram I. Mahato, Ph.D. The aims of this thesis is to first develop novel combination chemotherapies of two anticancer agents and their appropriate drug delivery platforms to treat chemoresistant prostate cancer, and second develop a polymeric conjugate of a biodegradable polymer and novel tubulin destabilizer to treat lung metastatic melanoma. In Chapter 1, a general introduction of polymeric nanocarriers including polymeric micelles and polymer drug conjugates for cancer therapy was given. In Chapter 2, we described a combination therapy of paclitaxel (PTX) polymer conjugate and cyclopamine (CYP) polymer conjugate, which had the potential to treat chemoresistant prostate cancer. We first synthesized mPEG-b-PCC-g-PTXg-DC (P-PTX) and mPEG-b-PCC-g-CYP-g-DC (P-CYP) polymer-drug conjugates, which they self-assembled into micelles. The combination of P-PTX and P-CYP alleviated PTX resistance and suppressed tumor colony formation. Further, combination therapy inhibited Hedgehog (Hh) signaling and upregulated tumor suppressor miRNAs. We established orthotopic prostate tumor in nude mice and there was significant tumor growth inhibition in the group treated with the combination therapy of P-PTX and P-CYP compared with monotherapy. In
Benign tumours and tumour-like lesions in the oral cavity: a retrospective analysis

Introduction Oral lesions are divided into non-neoplastic lesions, potentially malignant lesions and neoplastic lesions. More clinical data are needed to determine their helpful clinical pattern. Aim To present the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological characteristics of the oral lesions. Material and methods The retrospective study group comprised records of 208 patients which were reviewed according to selected epidemiological and clinical features. All the biopsy specimens were classified into: reactive lesions, precancerous lesions/potentially malignant lesions, salivary gland pathologies, benign and malignant tumours. Results The lower lip was the most common site involved followed by buccal and vestibular mucosa. The most frequent diagnoses were fibroma, mucocele and papilloma. The predominant pathomorphological forms were nodule and bulla. The most frequent salivary gland pathology was mucocele. Fibroma was the most frequent pathomorphological diagnosis, followed by mucocele and reactive lesions such as irritation fibroma (IF) and granuloma. Conclusions In cases of oral mucosal lesions, we propose the following algorithm: the exclusion of all odontogenic and iatrogenic causes; the detection and elimination of harmful habits, parafunctions and irritants from the oral cavity especially from the vestibule of the oral cavity and from the lips; all surgical treatment should be performed only after the proper detection and elimination of causative factors to decrease the risk of recurrence; excisional biopsy or in more diffuse lesions incisional biopsy is recommended to confirm clinical diagnosis; and consideration of other factors that can modify the clinical pattern of oral lesions, such as oral hygiene, systemic diseases, and drugs.
The role of nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines in delayed graft function of DCD renal transplants : the effect of induction immunosuppression

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (IRI) has a significant influence on patient outcomes after renal transplantation. The role of Nitric Oxide (NO) in IRI is controversial with evidence for both protective and deleterious effects. The aim of this project was to investigate NO in recipients of Donation After Cardiac Death (DCD) renal transplants, who are expected to have high rates of Delayed Graft Function (DGF) as a result of IRI, and to correlate this with their inflammatory response and induction immunosuppression. Methods Plasma samples were collected from 35 recipients of DCD renal transplants around the time of transplantation. NO2- and NO3- were measured using the Griess reaction and Ozone chemiluminescence and cytokines were measured using Luminex. Results At 2 and 8 hours post reperfusion of the transplanted kidney changes in NO2- were associate with the age of the recipient (p = 0.05 and 0.001 respectively) and at 8 hours very strongly related to the warm ischemic time (p < 0.0005). At 8 hours post reperfusion there was a strong negative correlation between the age of the recipient and the change of NO3- (p = 0.002). IL-6 and IL-10 were found to increase significantly at 30 minutes and 2 hours after reperfusion (p < 0.0005). IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were all influenced significantly by induction immunosuppression and at 30 minutes post reperfusion changes in NO2- were also affected by the induction. IV Conclusion Changes in NO2- were influenced by factors effecting renal IRI and also by induction immunosuppression. Increasing age was associated with dampening of the NO2- and NO3- response. Cytokines levels rose after reperfusion of the kidney and their changes were modified by induction immunosuppression.
Cooked Yield and True Nutrient Retention Values of Selected Commonly Consumed Staple Foods in South-west Nigeria

There is a dearth of information on nutrient data for cooked/ prepared foods and their nutrient retention factors in Nigeria. This study determined the cooked yield and nutrient retention factors of commonly consumed staple foods in South-West Nigeria. Proximate and mineral analysis were carried out on the raw and the cooked samples of the following staple foods: Fermented Cassava Flour ( elubo lafun in Yoruba) (FCF), Yam Flour ( elubo isu in Yoruba) (YF), Garri (Gr), Cowpea (CwP) and Rice (Rc). Cooked yield and true retention values of the nutrients analysed were also calculated. Crude protein content in raw samples was highest in CwP (33.5g/100g), metabolisable energy ranged from 342.3 kcal/100g in CwP to 350.0 kcal/100g in Rc; calcium and iron content was highest in Gr. In the cooked samples, crude protein ranged from 0.2g/100g in Gr to 9.3g/100g in CwP, metabolisable energy ranged from 101.5 kcal/100g in Gr to 119.2 kcal/100 g in CwP, calcium content was between 3.3 mg/100 g in CwP to 18.8mg/100g in Gr, and iron content ranged from 0.5mg/100g in Rc to 1.1 mg/100 g in Gr. The cooked yield factor ranged from 2.9 in CwP to 4.0 in Rc; percentage true retention of the nutrients in the samples were: crude protein 31.9% in Gr to 142.5% in Rc; calcium 53.0% in YF to 111.7% in FCF; iron, 58.2% in YF to 119.7% in CwP. The present study serves as a baseline for studies that focus on nutrient retention values of staple foods consumed in Nigeria and other developing countries. Keywords : Nutrient retention, nutrient content, food composition, cooked yield, prepared foods
Assessment of Bacteriological Quality of Street Vended Fast Foods and Their Antimicrobial Resistance

Street fast food refers to the state of food and beverages that are prepared or sold by vendors in streets and other public places for direct human consumption immediately or later, with or without need for further processing and preparation (Tsang, 2002). In developing country like Bangladesh, it is getting popular day by day due to cheap price and easily available and convenient in urban habitant. For this reason, without following the rule of food safety and hygiene, an increasing number of shops are getting established throughout the Bangladesh (Ahmed et al., 2008).
Hematologic profiles of Plasmodium vivax Malaria patients

Abstract Background: Malaria infections cause various symptoms ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease complications. Plasmodium vivax malaria has been recognized as a disease that attacks blood cells, causing various hematologic changes, especially anemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, neutrophilia, and thrombocytopenia with different percentages. Plasmodium vivax, formerly known to cause mild malaria, was later proven to cause severe malaria, even cerebral malaria such as Plasmodium falciparum. This study aims to determine the hematologic profile in patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria. Method: This research use descriptive cross sectional design. This research was conducted in Puskesmas (PKM; Primary Health Care) Sukamaju and Puskesmas (PKM; Primary Health Care) Karang City in August until December 2017. Samples were taken by consecutive sampling. A total of 37 samples expressed positive Plasmodium vivax, examined their hematologic profiles specifically hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leucocytes, platelets, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and hematocrit using automatic hematology cell counter. Results: Based on the results of this study, 56.76% of patients had anemia, 45.90% of patients had leukopenia, 89.20% thrombocytopenia, 2.70% neutrophilia, 10.80% neutropenia, 2.70% lymphocytosis, 35.10% lymphopenia, and 13.50% pancytopenia. Conclusion: In patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria infection there may be a change in hematologic profiles, this change may be affected by the acute phase of infection and host immune system. Keywords: Plasmodium vivax malaria, hematologic profiles
In vitro reproduction of rare and endemic species of rowan tree

The preservation and reproduction of gene resources of rare and endemic rowan species were the main aims of this study. Rowan species represent important woody trees from the aspect of forest biodiversity. There are only several endemic rowan species in the Czech Republic which are of hybridogenous origin from the whitebeam (Sorbus aria) range. Most of them have been described only at the end of the 20 th century. For these species, the new procedures of vegetative reproduction were developed. In vitro cultures from dormant buds of 57 mature trees were established. The successful induction of organogenesis was achieved in a MS modified medium with 0.2 mg·l -1 of BAP, 0.1 mg·l -1 of IBA, 200 mg·l -1 of glutamine, 2 mg·l -1 of glycine, 200 mg·l -1 of casein hydrolysate, 30 mg·l -1 of sucrose, and 6 mg·l -1 of agar. The pH was adjusted to 5.8. NAA in the concentration of 13.5 mg·l -1 was efficient for the rooting of microcuttings. An efficient protocol for the reproduction of endemic rowan species by means of organogenesis induction in apical meristems of dormant buds is reported.
Exploring Perceptions of Collaboration of Critical Access Advanced Practice Registered Nurses

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to understand the relationship between advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) and physicians practicing in a rural, northwestern state. Earlier studies found the presence of an oversight relationship. This study sought to deepen our understanding of that relationship in order to determine if this oversight limited APRN scope of practice. Sample: The study interviewed eleven APRNs with varied specialties in rural practice settings. Methods: An interview-based qualitative study was conducted with APRNs practicing in Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs). The IRB approved protocol was developed to investigate the influence of the relationship on APRNs' ability to practice to the full scope of care in a state that allows for independent practice. All interviews were transcribed and content analysis was completed using both manual coding and Leximancer software. Findings: While the level of oversight found varied by the speciality of the APRN, the nature of oversight was generally found to be one of support. Any evidence of restriction of APRN scope of
Cervical Cancer and its Screening: A Cross-Sectional Study among Married Women in Sankhu, Kathmandu

Introduction: Cervical cancer ranks as the most frequent cancer among women between 15 and 44 years of age in Nepal. It is one of the preventable cancers. The effectiveness of cervical cancer screening depends to a great extent on the level of awareness. Objective: The objective of study is to explore the knowledge regarding cervical cancer and its screening and use of Pap smear test as a screening tool amongst the married women in Sankhu, Kathmandu. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2017 using interview guided questionnaire. One hundred and ten married women aged 30-60 years were included in the study to assess knowledge regarding cervical cancer and its screening. Among 110, 85 were eligible for screening tests but only 65 consented and participated in Pap smear tests. Multiple regression analysis was used to find out the association of knowledge and practice of cervical cancer and its screening with various variables. Results: Out of 110 participants, 54.5% belong to age groups 30-40 and mean age was 41.50 years. Though 62.5% knew about cervical cancer and 26.8% knew about pap smear test, only 22.7% participants had undergone cervical cancer screening test previously. Multivariateregression analysis showed that the lower education level was significantly associated with poor knowledge on cervical cancer (Odd ratio: 1.71, 95% Confidence interval 1.10-2.66; p=0.01) and poor practice of its screening (Odd ratio 1.92, 95% Confidence interval 1.27-2.89; p=0.00). Conclusion: The study reveals that education level has significant effect on knowledge and practice of screening tests.
MERS-CoV Incidence in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Worldwide : General Review Article

In recent years, several outbreaks of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) were reported to the WHO by Saudi Arabia (2014, 2015, and 2017) and the Republic of Korea (2015). These large outbreaks indicate that MERS-CoV, if not adequately controlled, can cause severe outbreaks and negative socio-economic consequences. The disease was identified and reported in 27 countries around the world, particularly in the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. The total number of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases reported to the WHO between 2012 and 21 July 2017 was 2040, of which 1672 (82%) were reported by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Since the 5 th December 2016, about 190 cases were confirmed in Saudi Arabia, out of which 63 were reported in one outbreak and four different clusters in the Riyadh region. This review discusses the background of the disease along with its epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, vaccination, prevention and control. The review also concludes with some future perspectives.
A Needs Analysis of Karate Kumite With Recommendations for Performance Testing and Training

AN EFFECTIVE TRAINING PROGRAM NEEDS TO BE CUSTOMIZED TO THE SPECIFIC DEMANDS OF THE RESPECTIVE SPORT. THEREFORE, IT IS IMPORTANT TO CONDUCT A NEEDS ANALYSIS TO GAIN INFORMATION ON THE UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPORT. THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS REVIEW WERE (A) TO CONDUCT A SYSTEMATIC NEEDS ANALYSIS OF KARATE KUMITE AND (B) TO PROVIDE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SPORT-SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE TESTING AND TRAINING OF KARATE KUMITE ATHLETES. FOR A VIDEO ABSTRACT OF THIS ARTICLE SEE SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT 1, HTTP://LINKS.LWW. COM/ SCJ/A248. INTRODUCTION K arate is one of the most popular combat sports worldwide, and kumite represents one of the main types of practice and competition. Kumite consists of combat that allows punching (tsuki), striking (uchi), and kicking (geri) techniques to the opponent’s head (jodan) and torso (chudan) to score points (54). Kumite competitions are performed on an 8 3 8 m mat with a 3-minute or 2-minute combat time for men and women, respectively (54). Three main scores can be achieved in karate kumite: IPPON (3 points), WAZA-ARI (2 points), and YUKO (1 point). Recently, karate kumite was officially included into the program of the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo (25). Consequently, karate kumite has received more attention from national and international sport organizations. However, only limited information is available for karate kumite. The few available studies focused on physical and/or physiological profiles of athletes (3,6,8,10,19,47), physiological responses following training (33), official (6) and simulated (10,23) karate contests, and time-motion analysis of karate competitions (6,10,49–51). In general, elite karate athletes displayed high levels of joint flexibility, and upperand lower-limb power production (8). Likewise, research findings indicated high physiological demands during kumite with, for instance, remarkable blood lactate (La) concentrations (11.2 6 2.2 mmol$L) (6). Moreover, it has been reported that karate athletes exhibited heart rate frequencies . 90% of their peak value (HRpeak) for 65% of the total combat time (6). Finally, significant salivary testosterone and cortisol increases were found during a simulated karate kumite, resulting in a catabolic hormonal response profile (9). Address correspondence to Dr. Helmi Chaabene, chaabanehelmi@hotmail.fr.
Increased Risk of Bartonella Infections in Humans

Bartonellosis has emerging zoonoses of the Vector Borne Diseases (VBD) complex. Progress in evolution and changes of causer, enabled the expansion, and increased number of clinically manifest forms of disease appearance of severe disseminated forms of infections and co-infections in humans, difficult for diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. The Bartonellosis may have a benign and self-limiting evolution in a host, or potentially fatal infections. Etiological agents can provoke a granulomatous or an angioproliferative histology damages. In severely immunodeficient cases (pulmonary tuberculosis, carcinomatosis, HIV infection, patients who underwent organ transplantation etc.), Bartonella infections can be difficult and often with unpredictable course of the fatal prognosis. Present the large specter of clinical manifestations: prolonged fever, erythema nodosum like syndrome, and the other skin manifestations, sub-acute bacterial endocarditis, difficult pulmonary disturbances, bacillary angiomatosis (BA) and hepatic peliosis (HP), bacteriemia or a combination of these. In period 2007-2015 on Clinic for Infectious Diseases in Podgorica, 25 cases with Bartonella infection were diagnosed. In total sample, the most frequent were diagnosed CSD in 19 cases. During 2015 in two cases with HIV/AIDS infection, BA was diagnosed, and in four cases PH was diagnosed.
Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Osteoporotic Tibia: A Biomechanical Evaluation of the Role of Stem Extensions and Cementing Techniques

Introduction: Poor functional outcomes and aseptic loosening increase when total knee arthroplasty is performed on osteoporotic patients. This biomechanical study evaluated the effect of stem extension on the stability of tibial fixation using different cementing techniques. Methods: A standard design tibial tray was implanted in a replica of a male osteoporotic tibia. Twenty-four implantations were performed using three variations of implant and cementing, and then mounted on a material testing machine load frame at 500 cycles of multiaxial loading simulating walking. The three-dimensional components of tray-tibia micromotion were measured. Results: The primary implant total interface motion with surface cementing was 25.9 &mgr;m ± 14.7 &mgr;m and 10.6 &mgr;m ± 7.6 &mgr;m with full cementing (P = 0.001). The three-dimensional motion of fully cemented primary implants with stem extension was 4.4 &mgr;m ± 3.9 &mgr;m, which represents a decrease in micromotion of 83% in surface cemented primary implants (P < 0.0001) and 58% in the fully cemented components without stem extension (P < 0.009). Conclusion: Fully cemented primary implants with stem extensions demonstrated decreased micromotion and should be considered for use in osteoporotic total knee arthroplasty patients.
Real-world response of patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma to high intensity focused ultrasound treatment: a single-center, observational study in China

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation for tumor response and local control in selected patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Methods: Forty-six malignant cases of unresectable pancreatic cancer were treated in our center from February 2013 to December 2016, and were included in this analysis. Response was determined with the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST v1.1). Overall survival (OS), including 12-month survival rates and complications were also recorded and analyzed. Results: Clinical responses (ablation obtained) were observed in 43.48% of the cases, and disease control [complete response (CR), partial response (PR), and stable disease (SD)] was observed in 43 (93.48%) of 46 cases. Stratified analyses suggested that receiving radiotherapy per-HIFU might affect the response rate. Median OS was 9.7 months, with 95% CI, 7.9–13.2 months. The 1-year survival rate was estimated to be 46.69% (95% CI, 31.71–60.34%). Age <65 years, tumors located in the tail of pancreas, stage III, receiving targeted therapy per-HIFU, time to HIFU from diagnose <2 months, and receiving HIFU therapy for more than 10 times was detected to be significant associated with the improvement of median survival time (MST) and 1-year survival rate by univariate analysis. However, multivariate analysis did not support the association. Major complications included fatigue [2], abdominal pain [2], fever [1], GI bleeding [1]. No deaths were registered during the course of the treatment. Conclusions: HIFU is a potentially effective and safe modality for the treatment of malignant tumors. HIFU proves to have a survival advantage in treating unresectable pancreatic cancer.