Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zeta functions and the periodic orbit structure of hyperbolic dynamics

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Bacteriocin Production by Escherichia coli during Biofilm Development

Escherichia coli is a highly versatile bacterium ranging from commensal to intestinal pathogen, and is an important foodborne pathogen. E. coli species are able to prosper in multispecies biofilms and secrete bacteriocins that are only toxic to species/strains closely related to the producer strain. In this study, 20 distinct E. coli strains were characterized for several properties that confer competitive advantages against closer microorganisms by assessing the biofilm-forming capacity, the production of antimicrobial molecules, and the production of siderophores. Furthermore, primer sets for E. coli bacteriocins–colicins were designed and genes were amplified, allowing us to observe that colicins were widely distributed among the pathogenic E. coli strains. Their production in the planktonic phase or single-species biofilms was uncommon. Only two E. coli strains out of nine biofilm-forming were able to inhibit the growth of other E. coli strains. There is evidence of larger amounts of colicin being produced in the late stages of E. coli biofilm growth. The decrease in bacterial biomass after 12 h of incubation indicates active type I colicin production, whose release normally requires E. coli cell lysis. Almost all E. coli strains were siderophore-producing, which may be related to the resistance to colicin as these two molecules may use the same transporter system. Moreover, E. coli CECT 504 was able to coexist with Salmonella enterica in dual-species biofilms, but Shigella dysenteriae was selectively excluded, correlating with high expression levels of colicin (E, B, and M) genes observed by real-time PCR.
Which Arguments are most Persuasive of the Seriousness of Cartels: An Experimental Study

The effectiveness of competition authorities is partly dependent on the public attitude towards cartels. In Dijkstra and Van Stekelenburg (2021), we found that the Dutch public considers cartels to be less serious offenses than comparable economic infringements. If the general public better understands why cartel behavior is bad, it might improve firm compliance and could help in receiving more tip-offs about potential cartels. Competition authorities could attain this by investing in raising the negative attitude of the public towards cartels: we therefore examine which arguments are most persuasive in the Netherlands. The most persuasive arguments are on overpricing, consumer deception, cartel secrecy and conformism. Subsequently, we run an experiment to test which term and line of argumentation are most effective communicating the seriousness of cartels. We find that the term “competition fraud” is more effective in conveying the problematic nature of cartels than the traditional term “cartel”, resulting in a more negative attitude among respondents in this condition. Again, arguments on overpricing are most convincing and result in more negative attitude towards cartels and stronger support for government action than other lines of argumentation.
Personal Impressions From IAU Symposium 192: The Stellar Content of the Local Group

This has been an extremely rich, rewarding meeting! Thanks to the effective organization and relaxed scheduling of events, everyone has directly contributed, whether through clear, stimulating invited papers, oral summaries of each poster paper, conversations during extended poster viewing sessions and delicious lunches, or the two scheduled discussion sessions. The latter were remarkably successful under their leaders, Ken Freeman and James Lequeux, who deserve our deep gratitude. The discussions made a conference summary superfluous, but they also provided an excellent lead-in to my highly personal choice of topics mentioned below. In focusing on topics or ideas that caught my attention, I have rarely included attributions to those whose ideas I've borrowed. The often overlapping contributions of participants to the rich fabric woven during IAU 192 suggested this approach, which I hope offends no one.
Radiation conditions and uniqueness for stationary oscillations in elastic plates

Sommerfeld-type radiation conditions are indicated for the solutions of the system governing the small stationary oscillations in plates with transverse shear deformation, and a uniqueness theorem is proved in the case of the corresponding exterior Dirichlet and Neumann problems. 1. PRELIMINARIES In what follows Greek and Latin suffixes are assumed to take the values 1,2 and 1,2,3, respectively, and the superscript T denotes matrix transposition. If L is a scalar operator and T a vector function, then LT means that L is applied to each component of T. Also, if X is a space of scalar functions, T E X means that each component of T belongs to X. Let Q be a domain in ii3 bounded by a closed surface Q the last one is equivalent to k2h2 > 1. We denote by S+ the bounded domain enclosed by OS, write S= R and assume that AS has a continuous normal of unit outward (with respect to S+) vector v = (vi, v2)T. The exterior Dirichlet and Neumann problems (D-) and (N-) consist in finding a solution of (2) in Swhich takes prescribed values on OS, or for which the bending and shear stress vector Tu [3] takes prescribed values on OS, respectively. In [3] radiation conditions were indicated under which (D-) and (N-) have at most one regular solution. Unfortunately, these conditions are not of the form one might expect for stationary oscillations. In what follows we intend to sharpen considerably the results of the analysis in [3] and give full Sommerfeld-type conditions that imply uniqueness for the solutions of these boundary value problems. System (2) describes the small stationary flexural oscillations of a plate, and its solutions play an important role in the study of scattering of elastic waves that occur, for example, in the process of non-destructive testing of plate-like structures. 2. RADIATION CONDITIONS Setting ,uOw =h2(A + 2,) grad div w + ,u grad U3, OW(2) = h2 curl curl w, we arrive at the representation [3] (4) w-W(1) + W(2) where (A + k2)((A + k2)w(1) = 0, (5) (A + k2)W(2) = 0 This content downloaded from 207.46. 13.103 on Thu, 20 Oct 2016 03:57:25 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor. org/terms STATIONARY OSCILLATIONS IN ELASTIC PLATES 829 and curlw(l) = O, (6) divw(2) = -. Also, U3 satisfies the equation (7) (A + k2)((A + k2)u3 =0. Here k2, k2 and k3 are defined by ( k2(A +? 3) vk k2k2 = k2(k2h2 -) (8) A? +2/u ' h2(A +2pu) k3-k2 3 -h2 h In view of (3), all of k2, k2 and k2 are strictly positive and distinct. From (2)2 and (6)2 it follows that (9) (A + k2)u3+ divw(1) = 0. The fact that w(l) and U3 do not satisfy Helmholtz equations is highly unsatisfactory. However, this drawback is easily eliminated. Theorem 1. Any regular solution of (2) can be written in the form (10) U = U~~(1) + U(2) + U(3) +V(13 + V(2) (10 u = +U + + where UP) = 0, v(p) = 0 and (11) (A/ + k)U(j) =0, curl U(3) =0, div U(3) 0, (12) (A + k2)v('3) = O. Proof. Setting -(j (A + k 2)W(l) (A ___ k2___W__l_ U(1)= (A 2k) , U(2)= ( 1l) U(3)= (2) k k2 k( + k)w) u2 1 2 1 2
Electrical properties of Co-doped and Ni-doped β-FeSi2

The Hall effect and electrical resistivity of iron disilicide, Fe1−xCoxSi2(0.01≦x≦0.03) and Fe1−yNiySi2 (0.01≦y≦0.03) have been measured in the temperature range between 80 and 300 K. The solid solution Fe1−xCoxSi2 is n type over the measured temperature range, while the solid solution Fe1−yNiySi2 is p type below 160 K and n type above 160 K. The carrier concentration of Fe1−xCoxSi2 at 300 K, which is in good agreement with the Co atom concentration, is one order of magnitude higher than that of Fe1−yNiySi2. The electron conduction at high temperatures for these solid solutions is explained by the small polaron mechanism.
Analyzing the impact of three-dimensional visibility value on shopping center retail unit rental prices

This research examines the effect of a three-dimensional visibility value variable on shopping experience and estimates the contribution to retail units’ rental prices for shopping centers. The visibility value in a three-dimensional scheme is measured by adding storefront area volume to existing two-dimensional calculations. This study utilized an explanatory research design and a quantitative analysis method—a STATA regression test—for 150 store units in Jakarta. All units are permanent physical stores, excluding food courts, anchor, and exhibitions. The results showed that visibility value has the positive effect of increasing the average initial rental price by 6% (IDR15,403). The findings of this research can be useful for shopping center managers when estimating rental rates for retail units and architects when considering the visibility factor when designing shopping centers.
Investigation on Cutting Power of Wood–Plastic Composite Using Response Surface Methodology

For the sake of improving the benefit of enterprise by reducing energy waste. RSM (response surface methodology) was used to investigated the cutting power of wood–plastic composite at different cutting conditions (rake angle, cutting speed, depth of cut, and flank wear). Based on the experimental results, a cutting power model with a high degree of fitting was developed, which can be used to predict cutting power and optimal cutting conditions. Meanwhile, the effects of rake angle, cutting speed, depth of cut, and flank wear and their interaction on the cutting power were probed by analysis of variance, and the significant terms were determined. Finally, the optimal cutting condition was obtained as follows: rake angle of 10°, cutting speed of 300 m/min, depth of cut of 1.5 mm, and flank wear of 0.1 mm. This parameter combination is suggested to be used for industrial manufacturing of wood–plastic composite in terms of the incredible machining efficiency and the lowest energy consumption.
Non-Compliance with Land and Building Tax - Rural and Urban (PBB-P2) in Special Capital Region of Jakarta

his study evaluates non-compliance of Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax (PBB-P2) in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. This research is interesting considering the dependence of the Local Government to PBB-P2 revenue. It can be seen from sustainable efforts to maximize PBB-P2 collection. Maximizing property tax collection can be done in two ways, first by increasing the tax rate, and second, by increasing the value of property taxed (tax base). The increase of tax rate or tax base lead to increase in the amount of PBB-P2 borne by citizens as taxpayers (tax liability). This condition can trigger to non-compliance. This study evaluated other factors affecting non-compliance: the location of the property and type of property. This study used panel probit regression method in analizying 275.394 tax ID from tax year 2014 to 2018. The findings show that tax rates, location of property (flooded or flood-free area), and the type of property (apartment or non apartment property) are related to the increase of non-compliance. Only sales value of the property (NJOP) is not related to the non-compliance behaviour.
Effects of supplementary pollen on the life history traits of predatory mite Euseius nicholsi across generations

Pollen as one of the most important supplementary food benefits the generalist predators in many aspects. However, little is known about the performance of generalist predators with type IV lifestyle when they are reared continuously on prey supplemented with pollen for many generations. In this study, the life history traits of the predatory mites Euseius nicholsi (Ehara et Lee) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) were compared when two prey species, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Eotetranychus kanktus Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae) were offered with the presence/absence of camellia pollen. The results showed that the mixed diet of prey and pollen significantly improved the fitness of predatory mites. Predatory mites with pollen as supplementary food developed 1 day faster than their counterparts fed only with prey. They survived much longer and produced almost twice as many eggs as their counterparts. Nevertheless, these benefits were only evident in the first few generations and faded away from Generation 5. This study advanced our understanding by indicating that the beneficial effects of supplementary pollen decreased along with generations and clarifying that T. urticae was a more nutritious prey to E. nicholsi.
The Merger of Benzophenone HAT Photocatalysis and Silyl Radical-Induced XAT Enables Both Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling and 1,2-Dicarbofunctionalization of Olefins

A strategy for both cross-electrophile coupling and 1,2-dicarbofunctionalization of olefins has been developed. Carbon-centered radicals are generated from alkyl bromides by merging benzophenone hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) photocatalysis and silyl radical-induced halogen atom transfer (XAT) and are subsequently intercepted by a nickel catalyst to forge the targeted C(sp3)–C(sp2) and C(sp3)–C(sp3) bonds. The mild protocol is fast and scalable using flow technology, displays broad functional group tolerance, and is amenable to a wide variety of medicinally relevant moieties. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the ketone catalyst, upon photoexcitation, is responsible for the direct activation of the silicon-based XAT reagent (HAT-mediated XAT) that furnishes the targeted alkyl radical and is ultimately involved in the turnover of the nickel catalytic cycle.
Porcine Model of Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease with limited effective treatment options. Animal paradigms are vital for understanding the pathogenesis of SCI and testing potential therapeutics. The porcine model of SCI is increasingly favored because of its greater similarity to humans. However, its adoption is limited by the complexities of care and range of testing parameters. Researchers need to consider swine selection, injury method, post-operative care, rehabilitation, behavioral outcomes, and histology metrics. Therefore, we systematically reviewed full-text English-language articles to evaluate study characteristics used in developing a porcine model and summarize the interventions that have been tested using this paradigm. A total of 63 studies were included, with 33 examining SCI pathogenesis and 30 testing interventions. Studies had an average sample size of 15 pigs with an average weight of 26 kg, and most used female swine with injury to the thoracic cord. Injury was most commonly induced by weight drop with compression. The porcine model is amenable to testing various interventions, including mean arterial pressure augmentation (n = 7), electrical stimulation (n = 6), stem cell therapy (n = 5), hypothermia (n = 2), biomaterials (n = 2), gene therapy (n = 2), steroids (n = 1), and nanoparticles (n = 1). It is also notable for its clinical translatability and is emerging as a valuable pre-clinical study tool. This systematic review can serve as a guideline for researchers implementing and testing the porcine SCI model.
Perceptions and practices of farmers of indigenous poultry towards Salmonella infections in North-Central Nigeria

Background: Salmonella infections continue to be of global concern to poultry health, productivity, and public health. About 44% of the poultry in Nigeria are indigenous and kept in close interaction with farmers who are mostly rural dwellers and have limited access to veterinary and extension services. Aim: The perceptions and practices of farmers of indigenous poultry toward Salmonella infections were assessed to obtain and document baseline data that can be used to create awareness among farmers about these infections and their attendant public health implications. Methods: A cross-sectional approach using a multistage sampling method was used in this survey. A total of 419 farmers keeping indigenous poultry were interviewed using a pre-tested electronic questionnaire in three randomly selected states within North-Central Nigeria. Data were analyzed using descriptive and regression analysis. Results: Out of the 419 respondents, 138 (32.9%), 141 (33.7%), and 140 (33.4%) were from Benue, Kwara, and Plateau States, respectively. Of the 419, 55.4% were females, 40.8% were above 40 years, and 35.8% have over 10 years of farming experience. The majority of the poultry are not housed (58.5%) and farmers predominantly rear chickens (51.8%). Also, 49.9% of the birds were 1–6 months with 41.5% of the flock sizes being 11–20. Respondents had a poor level of perception toward Salmonella infection as the majority did not know that Salmonella affects poultry (89.3%) and that Salmonella infections are zoonotic (94.5%). Significant (p = 0.000) associations existed between categorized perception score and age, educational status, family size, and farming experience of farmers. There were significant (p = 0.000) associations of categorized practice scores with gender, age, education status, family size, and farming experience of farmers. Conclusion: This study has revealed the poor perception of farmers on Salmonella infections and has highlighted their practices. There is a need to raise awareness about these infections to improve indigenous poultry health and productivity as well as public health.
Linguistic Differences and Learning to Read for Nonmainstream Dialect Speakers

International Dyslexia Association In relation to Mainstream American English (MAE), nonmainstream dialects of English are characterized by differences in phonology, morphology, syntax, vocabulary, and prosody (Wolfram & Schilling, 2016). Nonmainstream American English (NMAE) refers to a variety of dialects including African American English, Appalachian English, Caribbean English Creoles, Chicano/Latino English, Hawaiian Creole English, and Southern American English. NMAE is spoken by children and adults in various regions of the U.S. across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. However, dialect density, the rate of dialect produced in spoken language, is highest among Black children, the majority of whom are African American (AA), and/or from low income homes (e.g., Washington & Craig, 1998). Largely fueled by achievement gaps in reading between AA students and students from lower SES backgrounds and their White, higher income peers (McFarland et al., 2019), recent research has addressed differences between NMAE and MAE in relation to language and reading outcomes among children. This research demonstrates that in general, children who use a high frequency of NMAE dialect tend to have lower literacy scores than their peers who use no or very little NMAE dialect (see Gatlin & Wanzek, 2015 for a review). If we consider how economic disadvantage and NMAE each influence growth of literacy, SES is closely related to vocabulary, background knowledge, and overall language comprehension (e.g., Pace et al., 2017), whereas NMAE is more closely tied to structural aspects of language (phonology, morphology, and syntax). Thus, the combined impact of SES and NMAE will contribute to children’s development of reading as oral language skills form foundations upon which literacy skills develop. The study of NMAE has traditionally focused on wordand sentence-level differences, commonly referred to as morphosyntactic—a combination of morphological and syntactic— dialect features. For example, the MAE phrase We went to Sam’s house may be stated as We went to Sam house in NMAE dialect. They were hungry in MAE may be stated as They was hungry in NMAE. This research, largely conducted in the field of communication disorders, has targeted morphosyntactic features for two reasons primarily: 1) to identify developmental profiles of language within the context of dialect and SES differences and 2) to evidence similarities and differences among clinical indicators of language impairment for NMAE and MAE speakers (who traditionally have been the target sample in much of the existing research; Oetting & McDonald, 2001). Recently, however, the focus of research has been dedicated to understanding phonological differences of NMAE and associations with general language skills and reading outcomes.
Seasonality of Hashimoto Thyroiditis: Infodemiology Study of Google Trends Data

Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune thyroid disease and the leading cause of hypothyroidism in areas with sufficient iodine intake. The quality-of-life impact and financial burden of hypothyroidism and HT highlight the need for additional research investigating the disease etiology with the aim of revealing potential modifiable risk factors. Implementation of measures against such risk factors, once identified, has the potential to lessen the financial burden while also improving the quality of life of many individuals. Therefore, we aimed to examine the potential seasonality of HT in Europe using the Google Trends data to explore whether there is a seasonal characteristic of Google searches regarding HT, examine the potential impact of the countries’ geographic location on the potential seasonality, and identify potential modifiable risk factors for HT, thereby inspiring future research on the topic. Monthly Google Trends data on the search topic “Hashimoto thyroiditis” were retrieved in a 17-year time frame from January 2004 to December 2020 for 36 European countries. A cosinor model analysis was conducted to evaluate potential seasonality. Simple linear regression was used to estimate the potential effect of latitude and longitude on seasonal amplitude and phase of the model outputs. Of 36 included European countries, significant seasonality was observed in 30 (83%) countries. Most phase peaks occurred in spring (14/30, 46.7%) and winter (8/30, 26.7%). A statistically significant effect was observed regarding the effect of geographical latitude on cosinor model amplitude (y = –3.23 + 0.13 x; R2=0.29; P=.002). Seasonal increases in HT search volume may therefore be a consequence of an increased incidence or higher disease activity. It is particularly interesting that in most countries, a seasonal peak occurred in spring and winter months; when viewed in the context of the statistically significant impact of geographical latitude on seasonality amplitude, this may indicate the potential role of vitamin D levels in the seasonality of HT. Significant seasonality of HT Google Trends search volume was observed in our study, with seasonal peaks in most countries occurring in spring and winter and with a significant impact of latitude on seasonality amplitude. Further studies on the topic of seasonality in HT and factors impacting it are required.