Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antifungal Potential of Chaetomium Species against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most widely cultivated, popular and important vegetable crops in the world. It is used as a fresh vegetable and can be processed and canned as a paste, juice, sauce, powder or as a whole (Barone and Frusciante, 2007). Recently, it started gaining more medicinal value because of the antioxidant property of ascorbic acid and lycopene content (Anonymous, 2002). In India, vegetable cultivation reaches 10.3 million hectares with a production of 175 million International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 12 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Greek pre-service and in-service early childhood teachers’ beliefs about approaching and teaching Science in the early years

Many contemporary societies anticipate Science education to have a critical role in educational reality in early childhood settings. However, several studies have shown that a significant proportion of early childhood teachers, both pre-service and in-service, face a lack of confidence and competence in approaching and teaching Science. This study aims to give an insight into Greek early childhood teachers’ beliefs in Science as well as into the way their beliefs are formed during diverse phases of their career such as at the end of their academic studies and after gaining teaching experience. Fifty-four pre-service and thirty-two in-service early childhood teachers in Greece participated in the study. The analysis has shown an overall positive positioning towards approaching and teaching Science as well as a coherence between the self-reported beliefs of the two groups. Issues associated with the broader orientation of early childhood teachers’ academic and professional learning and development in Science teaching are discussed to inform policy.
Predicting Type 2 Diabetes Complications and Personalising Patient Using Artificial Intelligence Methodology

The prediction of the onset of different complications of disease, in general, is challenging due to the existence of unmeasured risk factors, imbalanced data, time-varying data due to dynamics, and various interventions to the disease over time. Scholars share a common argument that many Artificial Intelligence techniques that successfully model disease are often in the form of a “black box” where the internal workings and complexities are extremely difficult to understand, both from practitioners’ and patients’ perspective. There is a need for appropriate Artificial Intelligence techniques to build predictive models that not only capture unmeasured effects to improve prediction, but are also transparent in how they model data so that knowledge about disease processes can be extracted and trust in the model can be maintained by clinicians. The proposed strategy builds probabilistic graphical models for prediction with the inclusion of informative hidden variables. These are added in a stepwise manner to improve predictive performance whilst maintaining as simple a model as possible, which is regarded as crucial for the interpretation of the prediction results. This chapter explores this key issue with a specific focus on diabetes data. According to the literature on disease modelling, especially on major diseases such as diabetes, a patient’s mortality often occurs due to the associated complications caused by the disease over time and not the disease itself. This is often patient-specific and will depend on what type of cohort a patient belongs to. Another main focus of this study is patient personalisation via precision medicine by discovering meaningful subgroups of patients which are characterised as phenotypes. These phenotypes are explained further using Bayesian network analysis methods and temporal association rules. Overall, this chapter discussed the earlier research of the chapter’s author. It explores Artificial Intelligence (IDA) techniques for modelling the progression of disease whilst simultaneously stratifying patients and doing so in a transparent manner as possible. To this end, it reviews the current literature on some of the most common Artificial Intelligent (AI) methodologies, including probabilistic modelling, association rule mining, phenotype discovery and latent variable discovery by using diabetes as a case study.
Natural Mineral Enrichment in Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Agria: Accumulation of Ca and Interaction with Other Nutrients by XRF Analysis

: Calcium is a crucial nutrient for bone development and the normal functioning of the circulatory system, whereas its deﬁciency can trigger the development of osteoporosis and rickets. On the other hand, Solanum tuberosum L. is one of the most important staple food crops worldwide and is a primary component of the human diet. Accordingly, using this staple food, this study aims to develop a technical itinerary for Ca biofortiﬁcation of cv. Agria. As such, an itinerary of Ca biofortiﬁcation was promoted throughout the respective production cycle. Seven foliar sprays with CaCl 2 or chelated calcium (Ca EDTA) were used at concentrations of 12 and 24 kg ha − 1 . The index of Ca biofortiﬁcation and the related interactions with other chemical elements in the tuber were assessed. It was found that, relative to the control at harvest, Ca content increased 1.07–2.22 fold (maximum levels were obtained with 12 kg ha − 1 Ca-EDTA). Ca(EDTA) at a concentration of 24 kg ha − 1 showed the second-highest levels in Ca, S and, P content. By adding CaCl 2 , it was also possible to identify a tendency of increasing contents (in Ca, K, S, and P) when the spraying concentration increased (12 kg ha − 1 to 24 kg ha − 1 ). Outside of the Ca higher content, dry weight, height, diameter, and the colorimetric parameter L of the tubers did not vary signiﬁcantly, but minor changes occurred in the colorimetric parameters Chroma and Hue. It was concluded that Ca(EDTA) could trigger a more efﬁcient Ca biofortiﬁcation of Agria potato tubers with the additional enrichment of K, S, and
High School Physical Education and its Effect on Fitness Facility Participation After Graduation: A Case Study

For those that send off their child into the world, it is hoped they will recall what was taught to them. This applies to high school (HS) physical education (PE) teachers and their students that graduate from HS. The purpose of this case study was to assess current HS PE effect in fitness facility participation by interviewing HS PE teachers, fitness facility personnel, current fitness facility participants and current HS students. Participants from these four groups were interviewed to help better understand the preparation of graduated HS students participating in a fitness facility. From this case study three of the four groups felt they had and were being prepared to be successful in health clubs and those activities that are found in health clubs. This study sheds light on the fact that HS PE is the last opportunity of a student to be involved in an organized class that has real world application.
Unshielded precipitation gauge collection efficiency with wind speed and hydrometeor fall velocity. Part I: modelling results

Abstract. A new method for assessing collection efficiency using wind speed and hydrometeor fall velocity is presented for the unshielded Geonor T-200B3 precipitation gauge based on computational fluid dynamics results. Time-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations with a k–e turbulence model were used to determine the airflow around the gauge for 0 to 10 m s−1 wind speeds. Hydrometeor trajectories and collection efficiencies were determined using Lagrangian analysis for spherical 10 hydrometeor fall velocities between 0.25 to 10 m s−1 for rain (0.01–3.9 mm diameter), wet snow (0.2–21 mm diameter), dry snow (0.2–7.1 mm diameter), and ice pellets (1.5–4.3 mm diameter). The model results demonstrate that gauge collection efficiency strongly depends on both wind speed and hydrometeor fall velocity. Collection efficiency differences for identical hydrometeor fall velocities are within 0.05 for wind speeds less than 4 m s−1, despite differences in hydrometeor type, diameter, density, and mass. An empirical expression for collection efficiency with dependence on wind speed and fall velocity is 15 presented based on the numerical results, giving a RMSE of 0.03 for dry snow, wet snow, and rain, for wind speeds between 0 and 10 m s−1. The use of fall velocity captures differences in collection efficiency due to different hydrometeor types and sizes, and can be broadly applied even where the precipitation type may be unknown or uncertain. Results are compared to previous models and good model agreement with experimental results is demonstrated in Part II.
Recent and future air temperature and precipitation changes in the mountainous north of Montenegro

The aim of the research of this paper is changes in air temperature and precipitation in the north of Montenegro in the instrumental period (1951-2018) and projections up to 2100. Kolasin was chosen because the altitude of the place is the average height of the northern region of Montenegro (about 1000 m), the meteorological station has not changed its location since the beginning of instrumental measurements, and homogeneity was tested (for the instrumental period). In general, the climate of Kolasin (1951-2018) has become warmer and with more frequent extreme daily temperatures and precipitations in an upward trend. When it comes to the projections for the north of this Mediterranean country, according to the A1B scenario of the Regional Climate Model EBU? POM, the results indicate warmer conditions and very warm ones at the end of the 21st century. The projected reduction of the annual number of almost all the considered rainfall days also implies that a slightly more arid future is expected. The climate of the mountainous north of Montenegro is changing, and the results presented in this paper may serve decision makers to take some measures of adaptation (in tourism, agriculture, architecture, water management, etc.) and climate change mitigation.
The Relative Deprivation Trap: How Feeling Deprived Relates to Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Introduction: How income inequality associates with poorer mental health remains unclear. Personal relative deprivation (PRD) involves appraising oneself as unfairly disadvantaged relative to similar others and has been associated with poorer mental health and negative cognitive appraisals. As generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is associated with negative cognitive appraisals, PRD may relate to the experience of GAD and its cognitive predictors, intolerance of uncertainty (IU), positive beliefs about worry (PBW), negative beliefs about worry (NBW), and experiential avoidance (EA). Method: In two observational studies (Study 1, N = 588; Study 2, N = 301) participants completed measures of PRD, cognitive predictors and symptoms of GAD, subjective socioeconomic status (SES), self-efficacy, and self-esteem. Results: A relationship between PRD and GAD was found across studies, which was simultaneously mediated by IU and NBW. These results remained when controlling for subjective SES but were weakened when controlling for self-concept factors. Discussion: This research supports the possibility that the experience of deprivation may “trap” people in thinking patterns that contribute to anxious symptomology.
Clinical Features and Prognosis of Invasive Ventilation in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study

Background World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the outbreak of COVID-19 constituted a public health emergency of global concern. Objectives Owing to limited data on critically ill patients admitted to ICU, we aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and prognosis of these patients based on ventilatory variables and clinical features. Methods In this retrospective study, 45 critically ill patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) wards of the hospital from April 8 to May 9, 2020, were enrolled. Medical files of the patients were reviewed, and demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory data, lung CT scan findings, causes of intubation, and outcomes of the patients were all collected. Results The median age of the patients was 67 years (range 22 to 91), 64% were men, and hypertension was the most common comorbidity. History of close contact with previously confirmed patients was positive in 62.2% of the patients. The mean time from symptom onset to hospital admission was 5.98 ± 2.93 days. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were dyspnea (95.6%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (22.2%) were rare. The average length of the intubation was 4.84 ± 3.28 days. The distribution of intubation causes in the deceased patients was significantly more than the recovered patients (P = 0.031). The mean score of lung CT involvement in deaths (370.26 ± 207.50) was significantly higher than the recovered patients (235.71 ± 81.21) (P = 0.042). Length of the intubation had a statistically direct correlation with respiratory rate (P = 0.03). Conclusions Most of the critically ill patients admitted to ICU were older men and had poor outcomes with a high mortality rate. Furthermore, the score of chest CT involvement and respiratory rate are important prognostic factors in determining the severity of the illness, requiring ventilatory support, and outcome.
Medicine Knowledge and Purchasing Behaviour in a South African Township: Lessons Learnt From a Pilot Study on Awareness of Substandard and Falsified Medical Products

Background: Substandard and falsified (SF) medical products are available in informal as well as formal markets globally. South Africa has a large formal, regulated pharmaceutical sector but there has been limited attention to the existence of SF medical products and the risks posed to people in need of medication. Little is known about individuals’ medicine consumption behaviour, especially from a social sciences perspective. This study presents findings on knowledge and awareness of medicine risks amongst residents in a lower-income community in Khayamnandi in the Western Cape province of South Africa. We also reflect on challenges and lessons learnt from the data collection process.Results:Quantitative and qualitative data, using a mixed-methods approach, were collected from 41 adult (≥18 years) respondents through a survey and audio-recorded discussions around the survey questions. Comparison of the two types of data through bricolage and mixed-methods revealed inconsistencies in responses. We argue that multi-disciplinary research using a mixed-methods approach, including reflexivity regarding empirical observations, not only provides a broader knowledge, but that it also brings insights into the complex processes and ambivalent statements collected from research participants. In addition, research participants were not always open about their health-seeking behaviour and provider choices due to concerns about potential conflict of interests among different types of medical care providers in the local community. Conclusions:This is one of the few studies focusing on demand-side attitudes with regards to medicine purchasing behaviour and the potential risks this behaviour holds for the use of SF medical products in South Africa. Multi-disciplinary research using a mixed-methods approach can bring insights into the complex processes and ambivalent statements collected from research participants.
Two-sided Effect of Empowering Leadership on Follower’s Job Stress

In this study, we aimed to investigate the two-sided effect of empowering leadership on follower’s job stress by focusing on the potential for positive and negative effects of empowering leadership. Based on the empowerment theory and the role theory of accountability, we examined the mediating effects of self-efficacy and felt accountability and the moderated mediation effects of perceived organizational support(POS) in the relationship between empowering leadership and job stress. A total of 427 Korean employees participated in this study through an online survey. The results show that empowering leadership has indirect effects on job stress mediated by self-efficacy and felt accountability. Specifically, empowering leadership reduced job stress via increased self-efficacy, while increased job stress via increased felt accountability. Evidence was also found of the moderating role of POS: the positive relation between felt accountability and job stress was stronger for those with a low level of POS than those with a high POS. However, the moderating effect of POS was not found in the relationship between self-efficacy and job stress. In addition, the mediating effect of felt accountability was moderated by POS in the relationship between empowering leadership and follower’s job stress. Based on the results, we discuss several implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research.
An Approach Study for Reducing the Early Embryonic Loss in Egyptian Buffalo-cows

This study evaluated the efficacy of a single gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist on day 12 or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on day 7 post-mating on pregnancy rate (PR) of repeat breeder buffaloes. Buffaloes (n=21) in heat were naturally mated, and divided into three groups (7 in each). Animals in the 1st group (G1) were i.m. injected with 5 ml GnRH on 12-day post-mating, while those in G2 were i.m. injected with 1500 IU of hCG on day 7 post-mating. In G3, animals were kept as control. Results show that PR was higher (P<0.05) in G1 (71.428) and G2 (57.142) than G3 (28.571). The peak of serum P4 was recorded (P<0.05) on day 15 in G2, and day 18 in G1 and G3. On days 21 and 24 post-mating, P4 was the highest (P<0.05) in G1, followed by G2, and the lowest in G3. Average CL diameter increased (P<0.05) CL in G1and G2 compared with G3 on days 15 and 18 post-mating. The concentration of P4 was higher in pregnant than in non-pregnant animals on different post-mating days, regardless of treatment. The concentration of P4 was the highest in pregnant of G2, and the lowest in non-pregnants of G3, being more obvious from 18 to 24-day post-mating. Injection of repeat breeder lactating buffaloes with 5 ml GnRH or 1500 IU hCG on day 12 and 7 post-mating, respectively, improved P4 production and pregnancy rate. GnRH treatment reduced the early embryonic loss showing the highest pregnancy rate to increase the farmer economy.
Medición del índice de área foliar y su dinámica estacional en plantaciones de Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake

El índice de área foliar (IAF, m2 m-2) es un indicador de productividad en las plantaciones forestales y puede usarse para describir la respuesta de los árboles a la aplicación de prácticas silvícolas. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar un método preciso y eficiente para estimar el IAF en plantaciones forestales comerciales de Eucalyptus urophylla. Paralelamente, se analizó la dinámica estacional del IAF durante un año. Se establecieron 28 unidades de muestreo en las que se realizaron mediciones mensuales de IAF, con los métodos de recolección de hojarasca (IAFHojarasca) y óptico (IAFÓptico). Además, se implementó un muestreo destructivo de 93 árboles para estimar el IAF mediante alométria (IAFAlométrico). Los valores promedio estimados de IAF fueron 2.7, 2.6 y 1.6 para el método alométrico, recolección de hojarasca y óptico, respectivamente. Esto implicó una subestimación promedio de 39 y 37 % del método óptico, en comparación con los métodos alométrico y de recolección de hojarasca. Un análisis de correlación de las estimaciones de IAF, obtenidas con los tres métodos aplicados, permitió identificar una alta asociación (r= 0.75, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson) entre los valores estimados con los métodos de recolección de hojarasca y óptico. Con base en este resultado (asociación) se ajustó un modelo de regresión, a fin de calibrar las mediciones indirectas (IAFÓptico) a un valor más preciso, IAFCalibrado. El valor máximo de IAF se registró en julio y agosto, meses del mayor crecimiento para E. urophylla en condiciones de plantación comercial en México.
Application of Multi-Component Conditioner with Clinoptilolite and Ascophyllum nodosum Extract for Improving Soil Properties and Zea mays L. Growth and Yield

The application of various conditioners in agriculture is one of the management practices used to improve soil quality and plant growth and development. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a multi-component conditioner on the selected soil properties and maize (Zea mays L.) growth and yield. The effect of a conditioner on a set of soil properties and maize growth and yield was studied in one-year experiments carried out at three study sites, which were under a conventional tillage system. All of the study sites were located on farms in three geographic mezoregions in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Region (Midwestern Poland). The studied soils were Haplic Luvisol (Janocin and Kobylnica) and Albic Luvisols (Krukówko) that were composed of sandy loam. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effect of a conditioner Solactiv on the soil and plant properties. The conditioner significantly affected the soil enzyme activities such as dehydrogenase (DHA), fluorescein sodium salt hydrolysis level (FDAH) and carboxymethylcellulose cellulase (CMC—cellulase); wherein the last one increased by about 16–20%. The application of Solactiv also increased the available K content (about 11%) but not the content of the microbial biomass C and N. Total porosity (TP), which was significantly higher in the soil treated with conditioner than in the control soils, increased the available water capacity (AWC) (about 2.2%). The higher AWC in the treated soil indicated the greater contribution of the mesopores in the TP (about 4%). A significantly higher readily available water capacity (RAWC) and small pores available water capacity (SAWC) was determined in the treated soils compared to the controls. Of the plant properties, only plant height, fresh cob biomass (BBCH 87–89) and fresh plant biomass (BBCH 84–85) were significantly increased by the conditioner. The application of Solactiv is considered to be a promising approach for developing sustainable agriculture by improving the soil’s biological activity and water-related properties.
Contact Metal–MoS2 Interfacial Reactions and Potential Implications on MoS2-Based Device Performance

Thin films of contact metals, specifically Au, Ir, Cr, and Sc, are deposited on exfoliated, bulk MoS2 using electron beam deposition under two different reactor base pressures to determine the contact metal–MoS2 interface chemistry and its dependence on the reactor ambient. The high work function metal Au does not react with MoS2 regardless of reactor ambient. In contrast, interfacial reactions between MoS2 and another high work function metal, Ir, are observed when it is deposited under both high vacuum (HV, ∼ 1 × 10–6 mbar) and ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, ∼ 1 × 10–9 mbar). Interfacial reactions occur between metals with low work functions (Cr, Sc) near the electron affinity of MoS2 when the contact metal is deposited under UHV conditions. In addition, Sc is rapidly oxidized on the MoS2 surface, whereas Cr is only partially oxidized when deposited under HV conditions. This indicates that deposition chamber ambient can affect the contact metal chemistry in addition to the chemistry present at the contact metal.