Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AQ 1 AQ 2 Keywords Taste Carbohydrate Caffeine Menthol Capsaicin

Taste is a homeostatic function that conveys valuable information, such as energy density, readiness to eat, or toxicity of foodstuffs. Taste is not limited to the oral cavity but affects multiple physiological systems. In this review, we outline the ergogenic potential of substances that impart bitter, sweet, hot and cold tastes administered prior to and during exercise performance and whether the ergogenic benefits of taste are attributable to the placebo effect. Carbohydrate mouth rinsing seemingly improves endurance performance, along with a potentially ergogenic effect of oral exposure to both bitter tastants and caffeine although subsequent ingestion of bitter mouth rinses is likely required to enhance performance. Hot and cold tastes may prove beneficial in circumstances where athletes’ thermal state may be challenged. Efficacy is not limited to taste, but extends to the stimulation of targeted receptors in the oral cavity and throughout the digestive tract, relaying signals pertaining to energy availability and temperature to appropriate neural centres. Dose, frequency and timing of tastant application likely require personalisation to be most effective, and can be enhanced or confounded by factors that relate to the placebo effect, 1 ,2
OUTCOME OF CEREBRAL REPERFUSION PROCEDURE IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBROVASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY

Background: Stroke continues to be the third leading cause of death in many countries in addition to being responsible for major disability among survivors. Therefore, stroke is actually a major health care problem and the economic burden of stroke is enormous and rapidly escalating in terms of both health care costs and lost productivity. Objective: To assess the outcome of neurosurgical management of patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency. Patient and Methods: A number of 43 patients with carotid artery stenosis were divided into two groups: group A 27 patients doing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) procedure and group B 16 patients doing carotid artery stenting (CAS) procedure. The patients had been recruited from inpatient hospital admission and outpatient clinics at Kafr Elsheikh University Hospital, Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Ain Shams University Hospital and Nasser institute hospital during the period from March 2018 to March 2020. Results: Outcome was assessed postoperatively via neurologic status together with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and mini mental state examination (MMSE). At follow-ups, NIHSS and MMSE values were very similar in both groups. There was no obvious difference between the two studied groups in the postoperative complications. This study showed no statistically significant difference between groups according to both MMSE and NIHSS changes. Conclusions: Cerebral reperfusion via carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting improve the neurological state and cognitive function in addition to its well established rule in prevention in recurrent stroke.
Evaluation of Bohicon cotton ginning factory workers respiratory health using chest radiography

Background: Chest radiography is widely used to monitoring the occupational lung disease caused by the inhalation or ingestion of dust particles. Our goal was to explore the respiratory system disease among cotton ginning workers at Bohicon using radiography.Methods: We performed cross-sectional descriptive from February 25 to June 11, 2015. It included 110 cotton ginners selected from the 416 workers of ginning factory. The study participant underwent a survey and a postero-anterior chest X-ray, respectively. Radiographic examinations were performed with a conventional radiographic device. The radiograms were acquired on analog and were developed with automatic processor. The interpretation has been performed by a radiologist. We performed the data analysis with Epi Info 6.5 software.Results: The mean age of our sample is 33.96±4.22 years with a minimum age of 19 and a maximum of 56 years. Also, it should be noted that 89.1% of workers had between one year and 10 years of work experience. Chest tightness and cough are the most respiratory symptoms raised among its workers. 78.18% of workers said they had cough and 55.45 admitted to having chest tightness. Bronchial lesion was the most observed (70.90%) followed by plural lesion (07.26%). Only seven (07) over 110 (7.28%) participants had a lung lesion.Conclusions: In according our result, chest radiography could be used to respiratory health monitoring for the highlighting bronchial, lung and pleural lesion. A large case-control study will be performed to confirm our findings about this population.
Phytochemical analysis and in vitro screening of antifungal activity of Jatropha multifida, Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Mitracarpus scaber leaves extract

The research study was to understudy the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical compounds and antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of Jatropha multifida, Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Mitracarpus scaber leaves against 12 species of fungi. The 8 phytochemical compounds tested were saponin, phenol, tannin, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoid, alkaloid and glycoside. The antifungi sensitivity test was analysed by Kirby-bauer disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was analysed by broth tube dilution method followed by subculturing the relative samples. The plant extracts were prepared in the concentration range of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50,100 and 200 mg/ml. The antifungal sensitivity test showed that Jatropha multifida (200mg/ml) was weakly effective against Fusarium solani and resistant against others. Occimum gratissimum, Euphorbia hirta and Mitracarpus scaber at (200mg/ml) respectively was highly effective on most of the fungi species tested with zone of inhibition of 10-20mm. Jatropha multifida had MIC and MFC (>200mg/ml), Occimum gratissimum had MIC and MFC (100 and >100mg/ml), Euphorbia hirta (25-200 and 50 - >200mg/ml) and Mitracarpus scaber had (25 - 100 and 50-200mg/ml) on most test isolates respectively. Investigations showed, Mitracarpus scaber were highly effective, followed by Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Jatropha multifida on the test organisms and could be attributed to the presence of phytochemical compounds and as such can be harnessed and used as a source of alternative medicine especially in the tropics like the South-eastern Nigeria.
School-Family-Community Partnerships and Its’ Influence on Students ‘Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Ilemela Municipal, Tanzania

Education is an investment which brings socio-economic return to the person and nation at large. In implementing various strategies to improve student development and academic outcomes, it is important to include all key stake holders by fostering close schools, family and community partnerships, and not only teachers and administrators, but also family and community members. These partnerships improve schools and lead to student’s success in academic and social arena. In Tanzania public secondary schools, family and community partnerships is considered to be low and students’ performance in academic and discipline continues to be poor compared to schools with strong family community partnerships. Therefore, the objectives of this study were; to identify the existing school-family-community partnerships in public secondary school in Ilemela Municipal, to investigate whether school-family-community partnerships in public secondary schools influence students ‘achievement in Ilemela Municipal and to find out if there are any challenges facing of school-family-community partnerships implementation in public secondary schools in Ilemela Municipal. The study employed a mixed research methods where questionnaires and interview were used to collect data. The total sample size was 141; respondents involved were teachers, heads of school, students, District Education Officer, and family and community members. Descriptive statistics analysis and thematic analysis was used, and the findings revealed that there are few and poor School-family community partnerships. The study found out that, partnerships have great influence on students ‘achievement. Furthermore, the study found various challenges which face the implementation of school-family-community partnerships in public secondary schools in Ilemela district. The study recommends that The Ministry of education and vocational training the Ministry of education to make policy reforms to encourage a national wide involvement of families and community in school development activities to ensure quality provision of education which will enhance best returns in socio-economic such as industrialized economy. Keywords— School-Family-Community Partnerships, Student’ Achievement, Public Secondary schools,
A preliminary outline of a new approach to consciousness

The present paper attempts to handle the question how an unconscious mental state (MS) is transformed into a conscious-MS, by developing an outline of a new model, the conscious unit (CU) model. The essential assumption of this model is as follows: In the cognitive system exists an inborn, special linking-mechanism that connects a MS to a CU, i.e., a unit of consciousness (or a stream of such units when represented by the MS is complex). As a result, the individual becomes aware (conscious) of the MS representation. This model was applied successfully to certain empirical observations and to several problems, which were directed toward the higher-order (HO) theories of consciousness [especially the higher-order thought (HOT) theory].
THE IMPACT OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS EXTRACTED FROM THE DATE FRUITS PRE- MATURE STAGE (JAMRY STAGE) AND THE SEEDS OF DATE (PITS OF MATURE FRUITS) ON THE FAT OXIDATION IN BEEF SAUSAGE

his study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity and total phenol compounds of date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in the jamry stage (Pre-mature stage where the color green fruits ) and date seeds (pits of mature fruits) and the effect of phenolic compounds extracted from date fruits in the jamry stage and date seeds compared to butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT as synthetic antioxidant) on lipid oxidation and sensory quality attributes of beef sausage during cold storage at 0.0±0.5C for up to 12 days. Extraction was achieved with four solvents water, water: ethanol (50:50), water: ethanol (20:80) and ethanol. The obtained results indicated that extraction by water: ethanol (20:80) had significantly the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds followed by extraction by water: ethanol (50:50) and ethanol, respectively. While the extraction by water gave the lowest antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds of date seeds were higher than in the date in jamry stage. Addition of different concentrations of either the phenolic compound extracted and BHT (50, 75 and 100 mg/ kg of meat ) to beef sausage and evaluating it’s effect on the lipid oxidation of beef sausage during cold storage was studied . The obtained results indicated that all concentrations of the phenolic compounds extracted had antioxidative activity by estimating the TBA values compared to control samples. Concentration of the phenolic compounds extracted (100mg/kg) had significantly the highest effective antioxidant and prolonged the shelf life of the beef sausage and had significantly the highest sensory evaluation scores (color, taste, odor, texture and overall acceptability) during storage period and at the end of the storage period. The results could suggest that phenolic compounds extracted can be successfully used as natural, cheap and available antioxidant to reduce or delay the oxidation processes in beef sausage.
Effectiveness and safety of pembrolizumab as bridging to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsed and refractory classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a retrospective observational study

Department of Pharmacy, King Hussein Cancer Center, Al-Jubeiha, Amman, Jordan; Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Al-Jubeiha, Amman, Jordan Contributions: (I) Conception and design: RF Al Froukh, A Al-Rabayah; (II) Administrative support: A Al-Rabayah; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: RF Al Froukh; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: RF Al Froukh, N Abd Al-Jalil; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: All authors; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Rawan Fawzi Al Froukh. Department of Pharmacy, King Hussein Cancer Center, Queen Rania Street, PO box 1269, Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941, Jordan. Email: RA.11474@KHCC.JO.
COMPARING BEHIND-THE-EAR AND SINGLE-UNIT COCHLEAR IMPLANT AUDIO PROCESSORS IN 83 NEWLY IMPLANTED SUBJECTS

Background: The RONDO is a single-unit device that merges both the OPUS 2 behind-the-ear audio processor and the coil into a single housing. The study aims to assess the perceived auditory abilities and opinions of newly implanted subjects using the OPUS 2 and/or the RONDO in everyday life. Material and methods: We studied 83 newly implanted subjects who received the RONDO and OPUS 2 and were free to use whichever processor they preferred or a combination of the two. User satisfaction was evaluated after at least 4 weeks of use (after the first fitting) using the device-specific RONDO questionnaire. Results: Results showed that 77% of subjects were satisfied with the RONDO in general, and 92% of subjects either preferred to use the RONDO or liked both audio processors equally while wearing eyeglasses. Overall, 91% of subjects would recommend the RONDO to other CI users. RONDO was significantly (p<0.05) preferred at home, for cultural events, or when wearing glasses; OPUS 2 was preferred for sport or while wearing a cap. Conclusions: The RONDO was associated with a high degree of user satisfaction among newly implanted CI users and offers CI users further options in terms of wearer comfort and cosmetic appearance. Thus, CI users can, if they wish, switch from the OPUS 2 to the RONDO without affecting their hearing ability or speech understanding.
The Practice and Prospects of Active Learning Methods in Wollo University

This study was mainly designed to assess the practice of active learning in university classrooms. For this purpose instructors from the two campuses of Wollo University were conveniently selected. Data was collected using open and close ended questionnaires, interviews and observation. A total of 70 instructors filled the questionnaire. The type of research employed for this study was descriptive survey research. The collected data were organized, analyzed and interpreted both quantitatively (using percentages and mean values) and qualitatively (using narrations and descriptions). Finally, the results revealed that the instructors did practice active learning but in a low scale. Lecture methods, discussion, cooperative learning, and question-answer methods are mostly used active learning methods. There were various hampering factors affecting the overall practice of active learning strategies including shortage of time, large class size student‟s lack of interest for active learning method and shortage of teaching materials. Based on the findings, reconsidering the modular modality system and revising the training forms for instructors are recommended.
ENHANCING GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY AND ESSENTIAL OIL PERCENTAGE OF THYMUS VULGARIS L. PLANT USING SEAWEEDS EXTRACT, CHITOSAN AND POTASSIUM SILICATE IN SANDY SOIL

The present study was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Egypt during two successive seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 to examine the effect of foliar application of seaweeds extract at 2, 4 and 6 ml/l, chitosan at 2, 4 and 6 ml/l and potassium silicate at 6, 9 and 12 ml/l as well as the interaction between seaweeds extract and chitosan on growth, biochemical and essential oil characteristics of thyme plants grown in a sandy soil. These compounds were applied as foliar spray three times after 15 days from planting and at 15 days interval. The results showed that foliar applications of seaweeds extract at 6 ml/l, chitosan at 6 ml/l and potassium silicate at 12 ml/l significantly affected all studied parameters compared with control. The results indicated that the different applied treatments increased the measured growth characteristics i.e. plant height, number of branches/plant, fresh and dry weights as well parallel increase of photosynthetic pigments. Also, constituents of N, P, K, total carbohydrates, percentage of essential oil and the GLC of essential oil of plant were existed in the two assigned seasons. In addition, the most effective combined treatments were seaweed at 6 ml/l + chitosan at 4 ml/l in this respect.
Heavy Metals Accumulation in Different Cultivated Fish Tissues through Commercial Fish Feeds and Health Risk Estimation in Consumers in Bangladesh

Cultivated fishes are major protein and microelement sources for all sorts of people in Bangladesh due to its availability and affordability. Since heavy metals are persistent in the aquatic environment, these metals can accumulate in the food chain. Cultivated fishes containing heavy metals can cause a carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to human as it biologically accumulates heavy metals from commercial feeds. This study was designed to access the content of heavy metals in the flesh of some cultivated fish species through consuming commercial fish feeds available in Bangladesh and potential health risk calculation for consumers due to intake daily. The concentration (mg/kg, dry weight) range of heavy metals like; Pb (4.56- 7.08), Cd (0.23- 1.28), Cr (4.00-7.08), Cu (11.23- 20.62), As (0.08- 0.34), Hg (0.05- 0.34) in selected commercial fish feeds and Pb (4.35-8.03), Cd (0.87- 1.35), Cr (4.71-8.98), Cu (14.00- 31.80), As (0.17- 0.28), Hg (0.08- 0.41) in fishes were accessed by inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The recorded concentration value for selected metals in fish tissues and feeds were also compared with the safe limit proposed by World health organization (WHO, 1995), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO, 1983), European Union (EU, 2001). This study also estimated the carcinogenic and non- carcinogenic risk due to daily consumption of these cultivated fishes for a certain age.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF OPTIZYME AND PHYTASE ENZYMES AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS FED CORN/SOYBEAN MEAL: 3. EUROPEAN PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY FACTOR, EUROPEAN BROILER INDEX AND SOME IMMUNE ORGANS

A total of 180 unsexed 1-day old IR broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 6 treatments of 3 replicates each (10 birds each) in experiment for 5 weeks of age. A factorial design (3×2) was used in which there were three levels of multienzymes, optizyme (0, 250, 500 mg/kg diet) and two levels of phytase enzyme (0, 1500 FTU/kg diet). No significant effects due to treatments on both European production efficiency factor (EPEF) and European broiler index (EBI). Bursa percentage was significantly higher in birds fed 250 mg/kg optizyme plus 1500 FTU/kg phytase. Immune organs, such as spleen and bursa of Fabricius were significantly increased with both multienzyme, optizyme plus phytase supplementation. It could be concluded that multienzyme optizyme supplementation at the level of 250 or 500 mg/kg plus 1500 FTU/kg phytase improved significantly (P<0.05) immune status of broiler chicks.
THE EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY, LIQUIDITY, AND COMPANY SIZE ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah perusahan industry dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016-2018. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan diperoleh 26 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria sebagai sampel penelitian sehingga jumlah seluruh 78 sampel data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas dan likuiditas berpengaruh negatif terhadap pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan. Ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan
Effect of Teacher-Made Narrative Fiction (TMNF) about Covalent Bonding on Students’ Achievement, Retention and Interest

To investigate how science narratives affect learning in Grade 9 Chemistry, specifically on covalent bonding, the authors developed a science narrative fiction. Subsequently, this teacher-made narrative fiction (TMNF) was utilized in order to determine its influence on the achievement, retention and interest levels toward covalent bonding and toward Chemistry, in general. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design was utilized. Results showed that the students exposure to the TMNF can increase levels of achievement, retention and interest in learning covalent bonding and towards Chemistry. They also showed that students have a positive perception toward TMNF. It can be concluded that students can benefit from being exposed to TMNF along achievement, retention, and interest levels; and that, the positive perception of the students is indicative of their enthusiasm towards the use of it. TMNF may be adapted in the classroom together with expository texts and other relevant teaching-learning strategies. School heads and administrators may empower science teachers to create their own narratives by providing an avenue for professional development in line with narrative writing which can lead to the creation of a shared resource for the teaching-learning community. Effect of Teacher-Made Narrative Fiction (TMNF) about Covalent Bonding on Students’ Achievement, Retention and Interest Russel Fitz P. Wadasen1* and Joel V. Lubrica2 1-Graduate School, Benguet State University 2-College of Arts and Sciences, Benguet State University *Corresponding author email address: wadasenr@yahoo.com
INFLUENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ON EMPLOYEES’ JOB COMMITMENT IN SELECTED CEMENT COMPANIES IN OGUN STATE

The extent to which an organisation achieves its corporate objectives depends largely on the commitment of its workforce. Employees in the cement producing companies are exposed to many hazards at their workplace and this tends to affect their levels of job commitment. This study therefore, examines the influence of occupational health and safety on employees’ job commitment in selected cement producing companies in Ogun State. The study adopted descriptive survey and used accidental sampling procedure to select a sample of 222respondents from two cement factories in Ogun State. The two research instruments used were 14 items scale by Indakwa (2013) was adapted for occupational health and safety while Mayer and Allens (1996) 24 items scale on employees’ commitment was adapted. Using the regression analysis, the results of tests of hypothesis show that occupational health and safety significantly influence employees’ job commitment. It was recommended, among other things, that more awareness among workers in the company and other similar organisations be created through health and safety education. Also, occupational health and safety policies and practices should be effectively implemented in cement companies, while safety awards could equally be introduced as an incentive for supervisors and employees of units where no accidents occur.