The effect of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa leaves on histological and physiological structure in the kidneys of male rats injected with lead acetate intraperitoneally

--- The current study aimed to investigate the curative and preventive effect of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa leaves on the histological structure of the kidneys and some biochemical parameters of male rats injected intraperitoneally with lead acetate. Biometrics included urea, creatinine, uric acid and total protein levels and total antioxidants (T-AOX), glutathione (GSH) and malondial aldehyde (MDA) assay. The study included 40 male laboratory male albino rats of the Sprague dawley breed, with weights ranging between 170-200 grams, and they were randomly divided into eight groups. The second group injected intraperitoneally with lead acetate, the third group was injected with the alcoholic extract of capers leaves, the fourth group was injected with aqueous extract of capers leaves, the fifth group was injected with britonia with lead acetate for 30 days and then it was injected with the alcoholic extract of capers leaves for 30 days, the sixth group was injected with britonia with acetate Lead for 30 days and then dosed with aqueous extract of capers leaves, the seventh group dosed with alcoholic extract of capers leaves and after 3 hours injected Britonia with lead acetate, the eighth group dosed with aqueous extract of capers leaves and after 3 hours injected Britonia with lead acetate. The results showed that the peritoneal injection of lead acetate to male rats caused a significant increase at the probability level (P≤0.05) in the concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid, total protein and malondialdehyde (MDA), while there was a significant decrease (P). ≤0.05 in the level of total antioxidants (T-AOX) and glutathione (GSH) in the blood serum compared with the control group.The results of groups that were injected peritonia with lead acetate for 30 days and then dosed with alcoholic extract of capers leaves for another 30 days as well as the groups that were dosed First with alcoholic extract and aqueous extract of capers leaves and after 3 hours Britonia injected with lead acetate showed a significant decrease at the probability level ((P≤0.05) in the level of urea, creatinine, uric acid, total protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to With the group that injected intraperitoneally with lead acetate, while the results showed a significant increase in the total antioxidants (T-AOX) and glutathione (GSH) compared with the group that injected intraperitoneally with acetate. Lead. The results of the study for groups that were dosed with alcoholic extract of capers leaves only showed no significant changes at the probability level ((P≤0.05) in the level of urea, creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidants (T-AOX) and glutathione (GSH). Except for uric acid and total protein, which had a significant decrease compared to the control group, while the groups that were dosed with aqueous extract of caper leaves did not show any significant changes at the p robability level ((P≤0.05) in any of the studied variables compared with the control group. The current study also showed significant histological changes in the kidney tissue in the group that injected Britonia with lead acetate, while the groups treated with alcoholic and aqueous extract of capers leaves showed an improvement in the histological picture of the kidney tissues.