Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Theoretical studies on the interaction of guanine riboswitch with guanine and its closest analogues

Experimental studies (M. Mandal, B. Boese, J.E. Barrick, W.C. Winkler and R.R. Breaker, Riboswitches control fundamental biochemical pathways in bacillus subtilis and other bacteria, Cell 113 (2003), pp. 577–586) demonstrated that, besides recognising guanine with high specificity, guanine riboswitch could also bind guanine analogues, but the alteration of every functionalised position on the guanine heterocycle could cause a substantial loss of binding affinity. To investigate the nature of guanine riboswitch recognising metabolites, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were carried out on diverse guanine analogues. The calculation results reveal that (1) most guanine analogues could bind to guanine riboswitch at the same binding pocket, with identical orientations and dissimilar binding energies, which is related to the positions of the functional groups; (2) the two tautomers of xanthine adopt different binding modes, and the enol-tautomer shows similar binding mode and affinity of hypoxanthine, which agrees well with the experimental results and (3) the riboswitch could form stable complexes with guanine analogues by hydrogen bonding contacts with U51 and C74. Particularly, U51 plays an important role in stabilising the complexes.
Maladaptive Social Consequences of Emotional Clarity Deficits in Early Adolescence

This study examined whether compromised emotional clarity prospectively contributes to maladaptive social behavior (aggression, anxious solitude) and adverse social experiences (low social status, victimization) in early adolescence; gender differences in these effects also were explored. Youth (N = 636, X ¯ age = 10.94, SD = 0.37) completed a self-report measure of emotional clarity in fifth grade, and their teachers completed measures of youth aggression, anxious solitude, social status, and victimization in fifth and sixth grades. Prospective path analyses revealed that emotional clarity deficits predicted anxious solitude and low social status in both girls and boys, and predicted aggression and victimization in girls but not boys. These findings provide support for theoretical models of emotional and affective social competence, and indicate some gender differences in the social consequences of emotional clarity deficits. More broadly, this research implicates emotional clarity as a target for socioemotional learning programs in early adolescence.
The relationship between cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) larval feeding and the freeze‐dried matter and sugar content of Brassica roots

Five genotypes of swede (Brassica napus var. napobrassica), two genotypes of kale (B. oleracea var. acephala), and two genotypes of rape (B. napus var. napus) were each inoculated at the 8–10 true leaf stage with five cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) eggs. The percentage pupation after larval feeding on individual plant genotypes ranged from 45 to 78%, and the mean pupal weight from 6.5 to 13.0 mg. After 5 weeks, larval feeding damage had reduced root weight by up to 47%, compared with uninoculated plants. The dry matter content of undamaged roots was higher in the kales and rapes than in the swedes. Whilst the dry matter content of the rapes and swedes were not changed by D. radicum damage, that of the kales was elevated. The ethanol‐soluble sugar content of the root was reduced in all cases by D. radicum larval damage. However, the effect of D. radicum damage on the concentrations of individual sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) was crop‐ and genotype‐dependent. In the roots of kales and rapes, the glucose and fructose concentrations were either very low or unaffected by D. radicum damage, whilst both glucose and fructose were generally reduced in swede roots by D. radicum damage. The root sucrose concentration was either reduced or not significantly affected by D. radicum damage in all of the crop types tested. The percentage pupation and the mean pupal weight of D. radicum were inversely correlated to root freeze‐dried matter content. D. radicum pupal weight was positively correlated with root fructose, glucose and ethanol‐soluble sugar contents.
Influence of Spacing and Different Level of Macronutrients on Growth and Yield of Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

An experiment was conducted in the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, on garden pea, during the period of November, 2018 to January, 2019. The experiment was outlined in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment consisted of two factors; 3 levels of plant spacing. S1 (30 cm × 10 cm), S2 (30 cm × Original Research Article Fatima et al.; AJRIB, 3(4): 8-19, 2020; Article no.AJRIB. 55743 9 20 cm) and S3 (30 cm × 30 cm) and 4 levels of macronutrient management viz., T0 (N0P0K0S0 kg ha -1 ), T1 (N15P25K25S5 kg ha -1 ), T2 (N30P50K50S10 kg ha -1 ) and T3 (N45P75K75S15 kg ha -1 ). Results indicated that the highest seed yield (8.38 t ha) and pod yield (10.56 t ha) were found from S1 (30 cm × 10 cm) compared to other plant spacing. Considering macronutrient application, the highest seed yield (7.57 t ha) and pod yield (9.12 t ha) were recorded from T2 (N30P50K50S10 kg ha ), control treatment T0 (N0P0K0S0 kg ha -1 ) showed lowest. In terms of combined the highest seed yield (9.20 t ha -1 ) and pod yield (11.82 t ha -1 ) were achieved from S1T2, the lowest seed yield (4.64 t ha -1 ) and pod yield (5.93 t ha) were obtained from S3T0. In the combination of spacing and macronutrient dose, the highest Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) (3.00) was recorded from the combination of S1T2 treatment and the lowest BCR (1.02) was obtained from S3T0 treatment and this combination can be recommended for farmers field evaluation.
A new, improved growth model for brown trout, Salmo trutta

1. A growth model for brown trout, developed almost 20 years ago, has been used to investigate growth potential in at least 40 populations over a wide geographical range. The chief disadvantages of the model are: it is based on growth data for only 55 hatchery trout kept in tanks without strict control of temperature and oxygen, it is not continuous and is restricted to the range 3.8-19.5 o C, it requires six parameters and only one of these can be interpreted biologically. 2. For the new model, growth data were obtained for an additional 130 trout bred from wild parents and kept in tanks at five constant temperatures (range ±0.1 or 0.2 o C) and 100% oxygen saturation. The new model is continuous over the range 3.8-21.7 o C and has five parameters, all of which can be interpreted in biological terms. It was fitted to growth data for individual fish and was an excellent fit (P 0.99) to the data for the 55 trout of the original experiment, the 130 trout of the new experiment and both experiments combined. The procedure for applying the model to field data is critically examined and a suitable test for maximum growth potential is described. The model ceases to be robust when mean temperatures are estimated over periods of more than 3 months. 3. Although parameter estimates for the new model are similar for the original and new experiments, they are significantly different. An iterative exercise, varying common and different parameters, showed this to be the result of slight differences between two parameters; the optimum temperature for growth and the growth rate of a 1-g fish at this temperature. Possible reasons for this are discussed and it is concluded that these differences have a negligible effect on values predicted from the model
A Simulation Study on the Effect of Flora Composition, Study Design and Index Choice on the Predictive Power of Lichen Bioindication

Abstract The effects of several elements of floristic structure and bioindication study design on the predictive power of the Index of Atmospheric Purity (IAP) proposed by LeBlanc & De Sloover were studied using Monte Carlo simulation. The predictive power was assessed by the correlation coefficient of the IAP value, computed under specified assumptions, and the stand position along a simulated pollution gradient. The effects of seven parameters were studied: proportion of sensitive and poleophilous species, species frequency distribution, size of total species pool, number of stands, distribution of stands along the air pollution gradient and index choice. The simulations showed that the median predictive power of such studies is affected mainly by the proportion of sensitive and poleophilous species, the number of species, and distribution of trees along the pollution gradient. The variance of the predictive power is influenced mainly by the proportion of sensitive species, frequency distribution, number of stands and distribution of stands along the pollution gradient. Recommendations for further bioindication studiesare given.
The Relationship of Choline and Cystine to the Methionine Requirement of Young Chickens

Abstract THE essential nature of methionine in the diet of the chick was demonstrated by Klose and Almquist (1941). Homocystine and choline together effectively replaced methionine in the diet of the chick, but neither homocystine nor cystine completely replaced methionine. Direct proof of the homocystine-choline-methionine interrelationship in the rat was presented by Simmonds et al. (1943). Transmethylation was observed both in the absence of homocystine and in the presence of ordinary methionine when the diet contained deuterio-choline. Du Vigneaud et al. (1944) reported results which demonstrated the role of methionine in cystine formation. Grau and Almquist (1943) investigated the relationship between the sulfur amino acids and choline in chick nutrition. Choline-depleted chicks were able to utilize homocystine effectively in the place of cystine but not as a substitute for methionine. Almquist and Grau (1945), using a diet deficient in methionine and cystine, fed increasing levels of cystine up to 0.9 percent .
STUDIES IN DOLERINI (HYMENOPTERA: SYMPHYTA)

Summary Seven species of Dolerus were found to occur at Abisko in Swedish Lapland in 1954. One of them had not been described before and two others belong to species shown here to have been described first in North America. Much new synonymy arises from these studies and new combinations result from the grouping together of several described species as races of polytypic species. All four European species of Loderus are shown for the first time to occur also in N. America, though as distinct races. A new species of Dolerus from Italy is described.
Response of arthropods associated with the canopy of common beans subjected to imidacloprid spraying

Abstract: Imidacloprid, the first neonicotinoid of potential use in agriculture, became an important agent for controlling leafhoppers, aphids, thrips and whiteflies. The use of this compound was extended to common beans in Brazil, a crop of great socio‐economic value throughout Latin America, and the aim of the present work was to assess the temporal effectiveness and environmental safety of this insecticide to the arthropod community associated with the canopy of this crop plant. Thirty six species of phytophagous and detritivorous species were collected, as well as 37 species of predators and parasitoids. However, there was no significant impact of imidacloprid on species richness. In contrast, the insecticide significantly decrease the arthropod abundance for over a 30‐day period. This impact is probably a reflection of the effect of this insecticide on Thrips tabaci and Caliothrips brasiliensis (Thysan., Thripidae) the most frequent and abundant species present in the area, and important pests of common beans in Brazil. Among the other most frequent taxa (present in over 50% of the samples), Araneae (predators) and the green leafhopper Empoasca kraemeri (Hom., Cicadellidae), another important bean pest in Brazil, were not significantly affected by imidacloprid, unlike the thrips species T. babaci and C. brasiliensis which showed decreased population levels until 8 days after imidacloprid application.
Regulation of Fruit Maturation Pattern in an Annual Legume, Cassia Fasciculata

This study investigated the extent of and basis for selective fruit maturation in the annual legume, Cassia fasciculata Michx. Demographic analysis of flowers and fruit in field populations demonstrated that fruit did not necessarily mature in the order initiated, although early initiated fruit were more likely to mature. Fruit initiated early in the season tended to grow slowly at first, whereas those initiated later tended to grow rapidly; this growth pattern dampened the effect of the order fruit initiation on maturation sequence. Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that more outcrossed fruit matured than selfed fruit, but in both cases the hypothesis was rejected. Other experiments were performed to determine if (a) fruit resulting from pollination by a particular plant mature more rapidly than do those resulting from pollination by other plants, and (b) fruit resulting from mixed pollen loads mature more readily than those pollinated by a single plant. These ideas were also rejected. Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that fruit with a large number of percentage of fertilized ovules are selectively matured. This hypothesis was supported by both glasshouse experiments and field observations. Percentage of fertilized ovules seemed to be more clearly related to fruit growth and maturation than was number of fertilized ovules. Natural selection may favor individuals that selectively mature fully fertilized fruit because such fruit (1) may be more resource—efficient because they contain less pericarp per seed, (2) may provide better dispersal of seed, or (3) may contain high—quality seed owing to increased gamete competition.
Nutritional Evaluation of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and its Application in Biscuit Supplementation

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) plant was analyzed for its chemical and nutritional characteristics of plant parts (seeds, seeds cake, leaves, stems and roots) as well as the effect of the replacement of wheat flour with roselle powder at different ratios either from roselle seeds cake (0, 10, 20 and 30%) or roselle leaves powder (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5%) on the nutritional and quality properties of biscuits. The obtained results proved that roselle seed, cake and leaves is a rich source of valuable nutrients, i.e., protein (12.32 – 29.06%), lipids (4.45 – 27.83%), ash (5.53 – 15.13%) and crude fiber (14.52 – 20.53%) as well as higher content of essential minerals. Potassium, calcium and phosphorus are to be the highest concentration in roselle parts, it ranged between 7.94-46.30 mg/g (potassium), 5.29-28.80 mg/g (calcium) and 3.23-22.10 mg/g (phosphorus), other studied elements are at the lowest values. Total phenolic compounds ranged between 155.04-3288.33 ppm as gallic acid, so it was the highest in roselle leaves being 3288.33 ppm followed by stem (2086.78 ppm); however it could be used as natural antioxidant. In corporation of roselle cake or leaves powder in biscuit formula improved the nutritional profile and physical characteristics of biscuits. Increasing the incorporation of roselle cake or leaves powder, it increased the nutritive value of prepared biscuit. On the other hand, cocoa biscuit recorded the highest values of the physical properties than vanilla biscuit. Sensory evaluation revealed that the best replacement ratio was 10% 0f roselle cake and 2.5% of roselle leaves which gave suitable attributes for panelists which scored the highest level of biscuit quality. From the obtained results, roselle could be become an excellent economic and valuable source of the nutritional factors which can be used in food supplementation. It is worth mentioning that, roselle seeds and cake are considered a good source of protein and can replace animal protein, especially for vegetarians.
COMPUTATIONAL PREDICTION OF A PROPELLER PERFORMANCE IN OPEN WATER CONDITION

In presence of hydrodynamics phenomena occur surrounding propeller evidently affects on accuracy’s prediction of thrust, torque and its efficiency. To achieve the objective, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations approach is then proposed to obtain a reliable prediction of the thrust (K T ), torque (K Q ) and efficiency (η) coefficients in open water condition. The effect of various blade numbers associated with constant propeller revolution (RPM=1320) and pitch ratio (P/D=1.0); are performed within the range of advance ratio from 0.1 J 1.0. The results revealed that the increase of blade number from Z=3 to 5 was proportional with the increase of thrust (K T ) and torque (K Q ) coefficients; meanwhile, it was reduced the maximum efficiency (η) that possibly lead to downgrade the propeller performance. It should be noted here, the propeller with three blade numbers (Z=3) provide the highest efficiency (η) up to 78.8% at J=0.9. These CFD simulation results are very useful as a preliminary study of propeller characteristics.
The Relationship between Home Environmental Conditions and the Occurrence of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Toddlers in Nagan Raya Regency

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an infection that lasts up to 14 days. Most ARI are caused by infection, but can also be caused by inhalation of chemical and chemical substances. In 2018 the population was 3,885, with 342 children under five. The number of toddlers experiencing ARI is 218 toddlers. The purposes of this study were to determine the relationship of environmental conditions in the home with ARI in toddlers. This research uses analytic survey method with Cross Sectional approach. The study was conducted on August 20-September 5 2019, population 342 and sample of 77 peoples. The results showed there were a relationship among the house floor (P value 0.018
PHOSPHOLIPASES A2 OF ASIAN SNAKE VENOMS

AbstractThis review up-dated the structural and functional information of various phospholipase A2 (PLA2) isoforms purified from Asian snake venoms. A phylogenic tree of group I PLA2s was constructed herein based on many recently resolved amino acid sequences of the venom enzymes. It was found that PLA2s of Asian elapid venoms are structurally different from those of sea-snake/Australian elapid venoms, and are usually associated with cardiovascular effect, although exceptions such as β-bungarotoxins do exist. Two types of venom PLA2s appear to be present in the venom of Asiatic viperinae such as Daboia and Echis, one has a N-terminal residue Asn and the other has the residue Ser. In the venom of Asiatic crotalinae, up to four subgroups of PLA2 isoforms are present and each of them is characterized by a distinct substitution at residue 6 (Glu, Asn or Arg) or residue 49 (Asp or Lys) in their sequences. The venom PLA2s in each of the subgroup show more or less functional similarity specific for the subgroup:.
Anti-Insect Properties of the Essential Oil of Lemon Grass, Cymbopogen citratus Against the Lesser Cotton Leafworm Spodoptera exigua (Hbn)

Different concentrations of essential oil of lemon grass, Cymbopogen citratus, were tested for their ovipositional inhibition, antifeedant activity and insecticidal properties against the lesser cotton leafworm, Spodoptera exigua. The results obtained showed that 2% concentration of oil emulsion inhibited egg laying and 0.5% concentration more than reducted by 70% the number of eggs deposited on oviposition sites. 2% concentration acts as a protective concentration against the immature stage by hindering the third instar larvae to feed on treated leaf discs. In addition, the oil emulsion was insecticidal in that percentage mortality was directly proportional to the concentration applied and to the duration of exposure. Older egg masses were more affected by treatment than the newly laid eggs. 2% concentration inhibited hatchability when sprayed on egg masses before hatching. Lemon grass oil effectively controlled 5. exigua as an ovicidal and larvicidal agent. RésuméDifferents concentrations des huiles essentieles de C. citratus ont été testé comme inhibiteur d’ouiposition at l’actinâté anti-alimentaire contre S. exigua. Les resutats ont montré une inhibition de la mise d’aeufs lars d’un traitment par 2% dl’huil. Le traitment des sites d’oviposition par 5% a réduit le nombre d’aeufs jusquà 70% par contre le traitment par une concentration de 2% peut etre protectif contre les stades immatures. L’effet martel del’hiul de C. citratus est proportiannel â la concentration appliquée et la durée d’exposition.
Sex attractant pheromone of the limabean pod borer, Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Japan

Four compounds, tetradecyl acetate (14:OAc), (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:OAc), (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:OAc), and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:OAc), have been identified in extracts of female pheromone glands of the limabean pod borer, Etiella zinckenella. A mixture of these four components successfully attracted a number of conspecific males in both Hungary and Egypt. Unfortunately, the mixture attracted only a few males, and the attractiveness was not equivalent to that of virgin females in soybean fields in Japan. We therefore analyzed the pheromone gland extract from Japanese E. zinckenella females by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition to the four compounds previously identified, we found a dodecenyl acetate. The mass spectrum pattern and retention indices of the acetate coincided well with those of authentic (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate (E9-12:OAc). The attractiveness of the five-component mixture containing E9-12:OAc to male moths was significantly increased and equivalent to that of virgin females in field trapping tests. The numbers of males attracted did not significantly decrease when 14:OAc and E11-14:OAc were removed from the mixture, whereas almost no males were attracted when Z9-14:OAc, Z11-14:OAc, or E9-12:OAc was deleted. The results suggest that Z9-14:OAc, Z11-14:OAc, and E9-12:OAc are essential components of the sex attractant pheromone of E. zinckenella in Japan.
Intimate relationship and its significance for eudaimonic well-being in young adults

background Previous studies indicate that being in a relationship has a beneficial effect on the physical and mental health and also significantly affects the quality of life. One of the essential elements of the relationship is intimacy, which includes sharing experiences, support and mutual understanding, as well as respect and care for the good of the partner. Being in a relationship, the nature of this relationship (marriage vs. informal relationship) as well as the level of intimacy and the assessment of the quality of the relationship may be in relation to the personal sense of well-being. In this research we intended to estimate the significance of these variables for the sense of wellbeing and analyze which of these variables have the same meaning for the sense of well-being of young women and men.