Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From PowerPoints to Reality - Managing Strategic Change in the Paper Packaging Industry

This thesis explores and describes strategic change towards increased customer orientation and innovation in the Swedish forest and paper packaging industry, an industry which has been subject to calls for new strategic directions for more than two decades. The large-scale and cost-efficient strategy, which has been the industry's hallmark, is in need of a more customer based and innovative emphasis. The research is inspired by different schools of thought in strategy and motivated by the limited longitudinal studies; on the link between customer orientation, innovation and strategy, and on this empirical setting. The link is of particular relevance given the emerging paradigms of dual and ambidextrous strategies in literature and practice, integrating strategies focused on cost and differentiation, efficiency and innovation – at the same time. This development further adds to the need for more insight into the gap between strategy development and implementation. A qualitative and longitudinal case study of one actor in the Swedish forest and paper packaging industry is carried out. Crossing several theoretical boundaries, the research contributes to knowledge on what strategic change towards increased customer orientation and innovation entails: what the challenges are, how they can be managed, and how change can be measured. In the case study, strategic change is found to be a time-consuming, incremental yet revolutionary process. Far from a linear journey, it is challenged by paradoxes on a strategic and organisational level formed by dual and seemingly opposing strategic intents. It is managed by expanding the perspective of the value chain and using traditional levers such as the organisational structure. But more interestingly, it is also managed by means of less orthodox ways for market learning, development and featuring of new offerings combined with faith in the direction aimed for. This thesis argues that being able to manage a strategic change towards this end requires an integration of rational and pragmatic thinking and doing that combines levers and measures of cultural and cognitive change with more traditional ones. It contributes to a further understanding of this challenging endeavour and to future research on competitive and sustainable development of mature industries.
Physics and Modeling of Tunneling in Low Power Transistors

As CMOS electronics grow ever more ubiquitous and essential to modern life, managing and reducing power dissipation becomes essential. At the device level, this requires new transistors with reduced leakage currents and operating voltages. Opportunities and challenges in this regard arise from quantum transport effects. For instance, novel tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs) can potentially operate at substantially lower voltages than MOSFETs by utilizing interband tunneling as the conduction process. Conversely, the Moore's law-driven scaling of MOSFETs down to the nanometer regime increases source-drain intraband tunneling, which may limit leakage power in future CMOS. Conventional device models and simulations based on semiclassical concepts are inadequate for describing such effects. In this dissertation, we develop new theoretical models to study tunneling and apply the resulting insights to MOSFET and TFET device design.To this end, we develop a complete device simulator that uses non-equilibrium Green's functions (NEGF) to rigorously model quantum transport. We utilize a combination of NEGF, full band structure calculations, and analytical derivations to study the physics of interband tunneling in semiconductors. We clarify and improve the accuracy of commonly used analytical tunneling models and extend them to quantum confined structures, which include present and future scaled devices like ultra-thin body (UTB) transistors, FinFETs, and nanowire devices. We merge our findings with electrostatic analyses to derive the first general quasi-analytical current model for TFETs that provides device insight and is easily used for compact modeling. We show that existing TFETs are performance limited by the chemical source doping profiles, a particularly profound problem for III-V p-type TFETs. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new device design, the gate-induced source tunneling FET (GISTFET), which utilizes electrostatic doping to define the tunneling junction and allow for high performing complementary TFET systems. Finally, we derive the first model of source-drain tunneling in MOSFETs and study the effect of contact doping on leakage in scaled devices.
What can we experience and report on a rapidly presented image? Intersubjective measures of specificity of freely reported contents of consciousness

Background: A majority of previous studies appear to support a view that human observers can only perceive coarse information from a natural scene image when it is presented rapidly (<100ms, masked). In these studies, participants were often forced to choose an answer from options that experimenters preselected. These options can underestimate what participants experience and can report on it. The current study aims to introduce a novel methodology to investigate how detailed information participants can report after briefly seeing a natural scene image. Methods: We used a novel free-report paradigm to examine what people can freely report following a rapidly presented natural scene image (67/133/267ms, masked). N = 600 online participants typed up to five words to report what they saw in the image together with confidence of the respective responses. We developed a novel index, Intersubjective Agreement (IA). IA quantifies how specifically the response words were used to describe the target image, with a high value meaning the word is not often reported for other images. Importantly, IA eliminates the need for experimenters to preselect response options. Results: The words with high IA values are often something detailed (e.g., a small object) in a particular image. With IA, unlike commonly believed, we demonstrated that participants reported highly specific and detailed aspects of the briefly (even at 67ms, masked) shown image. Further, IA is positively correlated with confidence, indicating metacognitive conscious access to the reported aspects of the image. Conclusion: These new findings challenge the dominant view that the content of rapid scene experience is limited to global and coarse gist. Our novel paradigm opens a door to investigate various contents of consciousness with a free-report paradigm.
Steady and Unsteady Performance of a Transonic Compressor Stage with Non-axisymmetric End Walls

The development of axial aircraft compressors has led to extremely high stage loadings and therewith reductions in entire engine size and weight. This trend also promotes several disadvantages such as the risks of flow separation and higher secondary flows that are associated with increased stage loading. The application of non-axisymmetric end walls is one approach to reduce blade loading in the end wall regions and to control end wall flow with the main objectives of increasing the component efficiency and the total pressure ratio. The emphasis of this work is to analyze the steady and unsteady performance of a transonic compressor stage with non-axisymmetric end walls where the profiled end wall serves to control the addressed flow inhomogeneities. The axisymmetric layout of Configuration I of the Darmstadt Transonic Compressor serves as the datum design. As a tool to find the optimum non-axisymmetric end wall shape, a fully-automated multi-objective optimizer connected to a steady 3D-RANS flow solver is used. The goal is to analyze how effective such a design tool can work on such a challenging task and to derive first design rules and compare the differences and features in common to the experience made by turbine researchers. In this context, the stator and rotor row of the stage are subsequently and individually optimized. As a further step, the obtained optimized geometries are investigated in unsteady mode. The study demonstrates the potential of profiled end walls to suppress separation phenomena in a stator row with 2D blading involving an enormous increase in efficiency. The exit flow field's whirl angle distribution is made more uniform which is generally desirable for the inlet conditions of a downstream stage. The profiled end wall design proofs to control the static pressure distribution which results in the migration of the loss cores from the end wall onto to the airfoil suction surface. This is identified as the main mechanism responsible for the obtained improvements. For the non-axisymmetric end wall design of the rotor row, a mechanism similar to the principle of lean is observed. The optimized rotor produces blockage and reduces the loss production in the outer regions (>5% channel height) at the expense of an increase in near hub end wall losses. This highlights the different effects of contoured end walls in the rotor and the stator rows and also provides the potential to serve as an alternative to design techniques such as 3D-blading. The unsteady analyses of the different geometries confirm the impact of the rotor wake on the separation phenomena in the downstream stator which cannot be captured by the steady approach. However, they also demonstrate that unsteady phenomena can be neglected during the optimization process of the profiled end walls for this compressor configuration.
ANALYSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF FLOATING CAPACITY BOTTLENECKS IN METALLURGICAL PRODUCTION

The article constitutes a procedure for the analysis and identification of floating capacity bottlenecks in metallurgical production. The procedure conceived is based on the use of detailed capacity calculations, the output of which is the determination of the hourly output of the floating capacity bottleneck depending on the production schedule. Applying the said procedure is illustrated by the example of output analysis of a line for the cutting of hot rolled bars. Analysis and identification of the floating capacity bottlenecks subsequently becomes the starting point for applying the principles and tools of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) in material flow control in metallurgical plants.
Connecting a Quanterra Data Logger Q330 on the GWR C021 Superconducting Gravimeter for low Frequency Seismology

Below 1.5 mHz the superconducting gravimeters (SGs; Figure 1) are competitive with the best spring gravimeters and seismometers and can achieve the lowest noise level at frequencies lower than ∼1.0 mHz (Van Camp 1999; Rosat et al. 2003; Widmer-Schnidrig 2003; Park et al. 2005). SGs can therefore make a significant contribution to the illumination of long-wavelength density heterogeneities in the Earth's mantle (Widmer-Schnidrig 2003). For reasons of price and complexity, the number of SGs is small compared to the number of sensors deployed in the Global Seismic Network (GSN). However, the potential of a sparse network of gravimeters for normal-mode research has been demonstrated by the International Deployment of Accelerometers (IDA) network (Agnew et al. 1986). Another point worth noting is the stability and accuracy (∼0.1% level) of the calibration factor of SGs (Francis et al. 1998) requested to validate Earth and ocean tide models using tidal gravity measurements (Baker and Bos 2003). This compares well with seismic networks, where results are barely better than 1% (http://ida.ucsd.edu/pdf/DMSSC\_2005\_10.pdf; Park et al. 2005; Davis et al. 2005). Such accuracy is quite unacceptable for geodesy. Since 1997, most of the SG data have been collected under the framework of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) global network (Crossley et al. 1999) that presently includes about 25 instruments. The GGP aims to look at seismic normal modes, the Slichter triplet, tidal gravity, ocean tidal loading, core nutations, core modes, and hydrology. Up to now the data have been gathered in an ad hoc database, using the ASCII PRETERNA format, which acts as a standard for tidal analysis (Wenzel 1996). These data are available to non-GGP members after a six-month delay. In order to promote the SG data among the seismic community, contacts between the Royal Observatory of Belgium and the …
Dynamic Decision Making under Uncertainty: An Experimental Study of the Dynamic Competitive Firm

This paper reports on an experimental investigation into how well human subjects are able to tackle a reasonably complicated dynamic decision problem under risk. Subjects performed the experiment twice (a few days apart). It was found that subjects performed better (though not perfectly) on the second repetition and that the improvement was selective: subjects clearly found some aspects of the dynamic solution easier to approach than other. The experiment confirms that some subjects are better decisionmakers than others and that different parts of the problem are easier than others. It also suggests how actual behavior might be modeled. Copyright 1993 by Royal Economic Society.
Rotating Shake Test and Modal Analysis of a Model Helicopter Rotor Blade

Rotating blade frequencies for a model generic helicopter rotor blade mounted on an articulated hub were experimentally determined. Testing was conducted using the Aeroelastic Rotor Experimental System (ARES) testbed in the Helicopter Hover Facility (HHF) at Langley Research Center. The measured data were compared to pretest analytical predictions of the rotating blade frequencies made using the MSC/NASTRAN finite-element computer code. The MSC/NASTRAN solution sequences used to analyze the model were modified to account for differential stiffening effects caused by the centrifugal force acting on the blade and rotating system dynamic effects. The correlation of the MSC/NASTRAN-derived frequencies with the experimental data is, in general, very good although discrepancies in the blade torsional frequency trends and magnitudes were observed. The procedures necessary to perform a rotating system modal analysis of a helicopter rotor blade with MSC/NASTRAN are outlined, and complete sample data deck listings are provided.
Experimental study on effects of flood puddle to durability of asphaltic concrete containing refined butonic asphalt

The purpose of this paper is to grasp effect of flood puddle to durability of asphalt concrete mixture on road pavement. In this regard, an experimental study was carried out by using Modified Immersion test in order to represent the flood phenomenon and Marshall Immersion test as reference. The experimental treated immersion test during 1, 3, 5, and 7 days to the two types of asphalt mixture, i.e. the mixture containing Retona additive and un-containing it. The research adopted three types of durability indexes to describe asphalt mixture durability, i.e. the retaining strength index (RSI), the first durability index (FDI), and the second durability index (SDI). The results show that Modified Immersion test gave good appearance to grasp deterioration of the mixtures durability due to flood puddle during some days. In further, the asphalt concrete mixtures still retained until seven days immersion, where the mixture containing Retona was more durable than the other mixture.
Impulse Response Dynamic Stiffness Decay in Aging General Aviation Airfield Pavements

Managing pavements requires a reliable pavement performance indicator. The current study examines the feasibility of using the impulse response (IR) method to provide a reliable, mechanistic measure of current and future pavement performance. In an extension of the pavement family approach, IR-inferred dynamic stiffness (kd) decay models were generated for pavements with asphalt concrete (AC) and portland cement concrete (PCC) surfaces. AC pavement family subdivisions devised with the total thickness of structurally capable layers were found to yield the most significant correlations. Grouping data from all IR tests on PCC pavement sections into one family yielded a coefficient of determination of large significance with low scatter in the data. A statistically significant correlation could not be established for AC pavement between IR-estimated kd and the low-strain modulus (ESEIS) inferred by the method of spectral analysis of surface waves. In PCC pavements, a weak correlation was observed between kd and ESEIS. Though the sample used for comparison with structurally distressed sections was small, results suggested that in AC pavements, visually inferred traffic-related distresses did not correlate with structural failure. For PCC pavements, visual identification of structural distresses was more accurate than for AC pavements.
Isolation and identification of fungi from extreme environments in Nassiriyah city soils

: The present study aimed to isolation and identification some mycoflora from 40 soil sample in 6 sites ( Remnants of fat-born, parks, edges of the river, animal wastes, sewage and rubbish) during October 2015 to January 2016 in Nassiriyah city, Iraq. According to different environmental factors. The present study showed the isolated genera from different sits and that were include Aspergillus , Penicillium , Mucor, Rhizopus , Cladosporium , Sepedonium , Alternaria , Bipolaris , Chrysosporium , Candida, Rhododendron , Humicola, Geotrichum , Fusarium and Acremonium. They were isolated by dilution method, direct plate method, alcohol and heat treatment technique using the cultural media viz. PDA, SDA and PCA. Aspergillus represented the highest fungal isolate which represent 62 (37.12%) isolation followed by Penicillium with 47 (28.14%), Mucor 22 (13.16%), Rhizopus 15 (8.98%), Cladosporium 6 (3.59%), Sepedonium and Alternaria 3 (1.80%), Bipolaris, Chrysosporium and Candida 2 (1.20%), and finally Rhododendron, Humicola and Geotrichum recorded the lowest fungal isolation with one isolate (0.60%). The study results showed that soil dilution method gave a best fungal growth in comparison with direct plate method and alcohol and heat treatment technique in 25 ºC and pH= 6. Potato Dextrose Agar appeared as an optimum in comparison with other media such as
Implementation of high-side, high-voltage RESURF LDMOS in a sub-half micron smart power technology

55 V high-side RESURF LDMOS has been integrated successfully in 0.35 /spl mu/m smart power technology by carefully arranging the lateral doping profile. This device has Rds.on/spl times/area of 0.55 m/spl Omega/. cm/sup 2/ with excellent safe operating area. With proper device terminal biasing scheme, this device can also be used as an isolated device. Techniques and issues related to the isolation is considered and discussed.
Comparative Analysis of Digital Modulation Techniques in LTE 4G Systems

The basic criteria for best modulation scheme depends on Bit Error Rate (BER), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Available Bandwidth, Power efficiency, better Quality of Service, cost effectiveness. The performance of each modulation scheme is measured by estimating its probability of error produced by noise and interference induced in the channel. Modulation methods which are capable of transmitting more bits per symbol are more vulnerable to error caused by noise. The modulation technique used for OFDM-LTE (4G) syatems are M-PSK and QAM, so in this paper the Bit error rate (BER) of M-PSK and QAM digital modulation schemes are compared under AWGN, and Rayleigh fading channels to identify a suitable digital modulation scheme for OFDM application. The research has been performed by using MATLAB SIMULINK for simulation and evaluation of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for OFDM system models.
Integrated Theoretical Framework for a Homeowner's Decision in Favor of an Innovative Residential Heating System

Insight into the homeowner’s adoption decisions in favor of a specific innovative residential heating system (RHS) helps us to understand and assess the dynamics of the adoption and diffusion of such technological systems as a “social” phenomenon. This phenomenon emerges from the individual decisions of a set of heterogeneous actors on the market. In our research, we develop an integrated theoretical framework for assessing a homeowner’s adoption decision in favor of a specific innovative RHS. Taking the theory of planned behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991) and the perceived characteristics of innovations (PCI) (Moore and Benbasat, 1991) as a starting point, we propose a framework that explicitly accounts for external factors (esp. economic aspects) and personal-sphere determinants. This allows us to gain a deeper understanding of the role of a homeowner’s personal-sphere as well as of the influence of perceived economic and other external factors on the RHS adoption process. We motivate our research with background on the case of Germany. Our theoretical framework can serve as a basis for empirically researching homeowners’ adoption decisions in favor of a specific RHS and for developing a conceptual multi-agent simulation model for investigating the diffusion of RHS.
Integrated design and operation of water treatment facilities

Management of a Design Project. Preliminary Studies. Design of Basic Treatment Process Units. Subordinate Plant Facilities. Design of Plant Components. Elements of Detailed Designs. Specific Water Treatment Processes. Management of Procurement and Construction Phases. Operations and Maintenance Manual and Operator Training. Plant Startup and Follow-Up Services. Appendices. Index.
Adolescent Social Communication Through Smartphones: Linguistic Features of Internalizing Symptoms and Daily Mood

Adolescents’ increasing use of smartphone technology has led to unprecedented opportunities to identify early indicators of shifting mental health. This intensive longitudinal study examined the extent to which differences in mental health and daily mood are associated with digital social communication in adolescence. In a sample of 30 adolescents (ages 11–15 years), we analyzed 22,152 messages from social media, email, and texting across 1 month. Lower daily mood was associated with linguistic features reflecting self-focus and reduced temporal distance. Adolescents with lower daily mood tended to send fewer positive emotion words on a daily basis and more total words on low-mood days. Adolescents with lower daily mood and higher depression symptoms tended to use more future-focus words. Dynamic linguistic features of digital social communication that relate to changes in mental states may be a novel target for passive detection of risk and early intervention in adolescence.
Coupled Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of the Electroimpulse De-Icing Process

The electroimpulse de-icing system is an alternative process of de-icing wing slat structures made of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics or aluminum. Because of the interactions between the induced magnetic field and the structural deformation, it is necessary to couple these parts. This paper presents a three-dimensional simulation as well as experiments of flat plates made of aluminum or carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics. The simulation is characterized by electrical and structural finite element calculations, which are coupled in each time step. The current propagation is based on real tests that are executed at a special test rig. A coil, which is connected to an impulse generator, is used to induce magnetic forces. Flat plates of aluminum or carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (with an additional aluminum doubler) were tested and deformation results were used to validate numerical simulations.