Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality of work and unpaid reproductive labour in the South Quality of work and unpaid reproductive labour in the South African labour market African labour market

Since the 1970s and 1980s, women’s increased labour force participation has caught the attention of scholars, governments, labour unions and organisations such as the ILO. The increase in female labour force participation has accompanied the globalisation and liberalisation of product and labour markets around the world. As a result of these changing characteristics around the labour force, particularly as it relates to growing precariousness in the labour market, the ILO developed the Decent Work Agenda to set a standard with which to measure workplace vulnerability. They also listed gender equality as a cross-cutting goal of the Agenda and recognise the reproductive labour of women and its contribution to women’s vulnerability in the labour market. Using a Decent Work Index as an indicator for quality of work, this study made use of two waves of the South African time-use survey to investigate the relationship between time spent on unpaid reproductive labour and the quality of paid work. The analysis found that there is a significant relationship between time spent on unpaid reproductive labour and the quality of paid work, although this relationship is only significant for female workers. Furthermore, the study finds that this relationship was also only significant when economic and labour market conditions were relatively poor. This confirms the theorisations of feminist scholars who have written about the pressure which is put on households during times of economic distress when governments employ contractionary fiscal measures and businesses scale down by reducing benefits and laying workers off. Given that this relationship is only significant for women, this confirms that women’s domestic responsibilities are in fact a hindrance to their advancement in the labour market and a key source of gender inequality in the productive sphere
Activism among female migrant domestic workers: a qualitative study in southern Spain El activismo en las migrantes trabajadoras del hogar: estudio cualitativo en el sur de España

Domestic work is an oppressive occupational niche for migrant women. The strategies domestic workers employ to resist this situation have been scarcely studied. This paper is interested in their activism. Through a qualitative study in southern Spain, the meaning of such socio-political action for migrant women is explored. In the spring of 2020, eleven activists from the Seville Association of Domestic Workers were interviewed. The material was subjected to content analysis. The meanings associated with their activism were grouped into four categories: ( 1 ) the horizon of “struggle”, ( 2 ) the forms of “struggle”, ( 3 ) the levels of involvement, and ( 4 ) the challenges of activism. The results are limited to a historically recent case, and to a small sample chosen purpo-sively; however, they contribute to the understanding of migrant women’s agency, and open fields of reflection for domestic workers’ organizations.
Sydenham’s Chorea in Children with Acute Rheumatic Fever: An Echocardiographic Survey of Pediatric Patients in Northwestern Iran

Background: Although infrequent, Sydenham’s chorea (SC) may occur as a result of injury to the basal ganglia in children with acute rheumatic fever (ARF) secondary to group A Streptococcal infection. Certain hallmarks of SC, such as movement disorders, could be utilized as a predictive marker for carditis. The present study aimed to investigate neurologic and cardiologic symptoms in children with suspected SC after ARF. Methods: All children aged 5-16 who were admitted at Shahid Madani Pediatric Hospital (Tabriz, Iran), with an initial diagnosis of ARF and SC between 2009 and 2022 were included for echocardiographic assessment and prospective follow-up within 6 and 12 months after the start point. The pattern and severity of valvulopathy, as well as the prevalence of Jones criteria for rheumatic fever, were used to assess the effect. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics software (version 22.0) using Chi square and Fisher’s exact tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study enrolled 85 children, 36 girls and 49 boys, with a mean age of 9.7±2.7. On the first echocardiography, 42.4% of patients had mitral valve regurgitation (MR), with a predominance of female patients (P=0.04). Of those diagnosed with SC (12 girls and 6 boys), 66.7% showed cardiac involvement, with a higher prevalence of MR in both sexes (P=0.04). The pattern of cardiac involvement after 6 months was significantly different between the groups (P=0.04). However, no such difference was observed during the one-year follow-up (P=0.07). Female sex was found to have a significant relationship with SC localization (P=0.01). Conclusion: In addition to its neurological manifestations, SC
Letters in Animal Biology

High growth rates in poultry made them susceptible to various metabolic problems like ascites. The literature has strongly correlated higher metabolic rates with ascites problem in broiler chicken. The workload on the heart and the oxygen demand of the body becomes higher as the growth rate increases. The modern chicken has been genetically selected for higher growth rates, metabolism, and increased feed efficiency which requires more nutrients as well as oxygen. This study assessed the influence of a propriety formulation, Ascitox – Q 10 , on the winter ascites and the consequent livability and growth performance of broiler chicken. The mortality was divided into two stages; M1 (mortality up to 15 days of age) and M2 (mortality after 15 days). The results revealed significantly lower M1 (p<0.05), M2, and overall mortality (p<0.01) in Ascitox supplemented birds compared to control birds. However, the extent of influence of Ascitox was more pronounced on M2 mortality compared to M1 mortality. There was no strain effect on the mortality pattern of birds across different farms under study. In general the farms under study were characterized by spells of sudden deaths overnight. The average weight gain of birds was significantly (p<0.01) higher in Ascitox supplemented birds compared to control birds with no significant effect on their feed intake. However, numerically feed intake of control birds was more than the Ascitox supplemented birds which has led to significantly lower (P<0.01) FCR of Ascitox supplemented birds. In conclusion the supplementation of Ascitox – Q10 is a fruitful nutritional intervention which has controlled the ascites induced mortality in broiler chicken with improved growth performance at commercial farms.
Journal of Agrometeorology

A field experiment was conducted for three years (2019-20, 2020-21 and 2021-22) on 4 years old guava orchard established at 3×2 m spacing with drip irrigation treatments at two locations viz. Udaipur, Rajasthan and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. Plant growth, yield contributing parameters, fruit yield and water use efficiency was significantly affected by different pan evaporation-based drip irrigation levels (70, 80, 90 & 100% of Epan) over local control. In existing climatic conditions of Udaipur and Rewa regions, the daily irrigation water requirement of high-density planting guava tree was varied from 7.8 to 26.3 and 4.5 to 26.5 liter/plant/day, respectively. Among all the pan evaporation-based drip irrigation levels, the irrigation supplied at 80% and 90% of daily pan evaporation were found as best approach for irrigating high density plantation (HDP) guava orchard through drip irrigation in Udaipur & Rewa regions with maximum fruit yield (37.3 & 30.7 t ha -1 ), irrigation water use efficiency (0.359 & 0.263t ha -1 -cm) along with significant water saving (29.2 & 22.2%), respectively over local control. Results will help farmers, policy makers and irrigation managers to conserve available fresh water resources in water scares regions of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
Letters in Animal Biology

This research studied the effects of flaxseed meal (FSM) feeding for different durations on growth performance, fatty acid profile, oxidative stability of meat, and serum biochemical profile of broiler chicken. In basal diet 100 g FSM replaced soybean meal. The FSM based diet was fed for different durations resulting in six dietary treatments viz . T1 (0-5 weeks), T2 (1-5 weeks), T3 (2-5 weeks), T4 (3-5 weeks), T5 (4-5 weeks), and T6 (without FSM). The results revealed significant negative effects of FSM feeding beyond 3 weeks duration (2-5 weeks) on the weight gain, feed efficiency, production efficiency factor, protein efficiency ratio, and energy efficiency ratio of broiler chicken. Significant improvement of fatty acid profile of chicken meat was observed by FSM feeding up to 3 weeks only. Increasing the FSM feeding beyond 1 week in case of thigh meat and 2 weeks in case of breast meat significantly decreased the antioxidant capacity of broiler chicken meat. The lipid oxidation of broiler chicken meat increased significantly by feeding FSM beyond 2 weeks. Increase in the duration of FSM feeding has significantly decreased the serum triglyceride, cholesterol, cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, and atherogenic index of plasma, though, the decline was not significant beyond the 2 weeks (3-5 weeks) feeding duration. The progressive increase in serum HDL cholesterol, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, and MDA concentration was observed with increase of FSM feeding duration. Thus, the 100 g FSM feeding for 2 weeks duration (3-5 weeks) has no negative effect on the growth performance with better health indices and serum biochemical profile of broiler chicken. However, increasing the duration of feeding beyond 1 week (4-5 week) exerts negative effects on the oxidative stability of meat and serum antioxidant enzyme profile.
Progressive Muscle Relaxation for Sleep Quality in Menopausal Women's

Background: Problems that often occur in women who experience menopause psychologically are emotional disturbances, feelings of fear, anxiety, irritability, difficulty concentrating, depression, and impaired libido. Physiologically there are problems, including pain during intercourse, menstrual cycles and increasingly varied bleeding patterns, hot flashes (repeated periods of sweating), respiratory problems, vaginal dryness, dry skin, disturbed sleep patterns, and sleep quality. During the transition process of menopausal women, sleep quality is one of the most common and disturbing problems. This research aims to analyze the influence of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) on Sleep Quality in Menopausal Women. Methods: this research, using the purposive sampling technique, the researcher selected the respondents according to the inclusion criteria so that respondents have the same opportunity to be selected. In the intervention group, respondents were given progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR). The sampling method is non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique. The number of samples is 17 respondents, carried out at menopause in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency on 04 - 19 July 2023. The analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Results: Statistical test results using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test obtained p value = . 000, which means that there is an influence of progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) in improving Sleep Quality in Menopausal WomenDusun Wates Elderly PosyanduBadang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency. Conclusion: Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) is Effectively used to help improve sleep quality in postmenopausal women. Because the therapy trains the muscles of the head, neck, arms, and back in a controlled manner, it works against the sympathetic nervous system to achieve a relaxed and calm state and is easy to do.
Evaluation of Deformation Characteristics of Soil Ground against Ground Cave-in Caused by Damaged Pipe using Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method (GIMP)

Evaluation of Deformation Characteristics of Soil Ground against Ground Cave-in Caused by Damaged Pipe using Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method (GIMP) Lee, Min Ho Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Graduate School Seoul National University As the number of ground cave-in occurred in Seoul and the social costs associated with the ground cave-ins are increasing, the ground cave-ins are in the spotlight as one of the major ground hazards which can be occurred in urban area. Most of the ground cave-ins occurred in urban area is mainly due to damaged sewer pipe. If there is a crack on a sewer pipe, water flows out of the crack when the damaged sewer pipe is filled with water. After that, water flows into the crack with soil around the sewer pipe. As this process repeating, a cavity is formed near the sewer pipe and this can finally lead to a ground cave-in. When unsaturated ground becomes saturated due to water discharged from a sewer pipe, shear strength of soil decreases and it makes a cavity unstable. In this study, model tests and numerical analysis are performed to investigate the effect of decrease in shear strength of soil induced by the saturation of ground on the formation of a ground cave-in. Unlike model tests which performed by repeating water inflow and outflow, the process of water leakage from the model ground was skipped to investigate the effect of reduction in shear strength of soil and to exclude the effect of seepage force during water leakage. Problems involving large deformation such as a ground cave-in are not properly solved using the finite element method (FEM) as a result of mesh related problems. Generalized interpolation material point method (GIMP) in which the body is discretized into finite number of material points was used in this study as an alternative to FEM. Though there are differences between the model test and numerical simulation caused by boundary conditions, incomplete saturation, and exclusion of seepage analysis, similar ground deformation characteristics are observed in the model test and numerical simulation
Trophic structure and composition of an understory bird community in a succession gradient of Brazilian Atlantic forest

This study compared trophic structure and community composition of the understory Atlantic Forest avifauna in a forest succession gradient. Three areas in different stages of forest succession were selected within a 605 hectare forest fragment, located in the Upper Doce River valley of southeastern Brazil. In each of these areas four 800 m2 plots were demarcated and five mist nets were located in each plot, between February and August 2004. Bird species were grouped into six trophic categories according to their main food preferences. We captured a total of 371 birds of 54 species. Insectivores were both the most abundant and the richest trophic category in all study sites. The old-aged secondary forest site (80 years old) differed significantly from the two younger ones (40 and 20 years old) due to the greater abundance of small insectivores and the lower abundance of omnivores and large insectivores. In the small insectivores group, species composition differed between the 80 years old forest and 40 and 20 years old forests; while omnivores and frugivores species composition did not change among different-aged areas. These results suggest that the study area is in good conservation state and that even the 40 and 20 years old forests are already in a more advanced succession stage. Thus, the stage of forest succession affects the trophic organization and species composition within trophic categories, even within a continuous forest.
Exploring Controls on Rainfall‐Runoff Events: 2. Regional Patterns and Spatial Controls of Event Characteristics in Germany

This study unveils regional patterns of rainfall‐runoff event characteristics in Germany and identifies their spatial controls. Characteristics describing mean value, variability, and seasonality of event runoff coefficient, time scale, rise time, and of the occurrence of multiple‐peak events are derived for a set of 196,073 rainfall‐runoff events observed in 401 mesoscale German catchments. Multiobjective performances of various variable selection methods are used to identify hydrologically relevant variables from a comprehensive set of 115 descriptors of climate, topography, geomorphology, soil, land use, hydrogeology, and geology for every catchment. Results show that although event characteristics have relatively clear regional patterns due to the dominance of climatic controls at regional scale, subsurface properties (i.e., catchment storage) play a considerable role for the prediction of event runoff response. Compared to other tested variable selection methods, the application of a backward elimination procedure allows for the most accurate prediction of spatial patterns and regionalized values of event characteristics identifying soil depth, hydraulic permeability and frequency, size, and seasonality of wet spells as hydrologically relevant catchment descriptors. Climatic and hydrogeological descriptors outperform other generic groups of catchment descriptors. The hydrological interpretation of the emergent regional pattern of event characteristics, their variability, and seasonality provides insight on archetypical catchment behaviors and their controls.
FINANCIAL STRUCTURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS IN EMERGING ECONOMICS IN AFRICA

The study investigates specifically the relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP), total stock market traded, market capitalization, private credit by deposit bank, human capital, foreign direct investment, population and trade openness (imports plus exports) and economic growth (GDP per capita). We use the extended endogenous growth model with specifications by employing dynamic panel data methodology. Our empirical application of the dynamic panel model to the finance–growth nexus is based on an unbalanced panel dataset of 29 middle-income African countries1 over the period 1990 – 2019 obtained from World Development Indicators. The findings revelead that financial development exerts significant and positive impacts on economic growth. The overall development of the financial system is essential for enhancing economic outcomes. Therefore, attempts at achieving some fine balance between a bank-based system and a market-based system are trivial to growth.
Metolachlor dense non-aqueous phase liquid source conditions and plume attenuation in a dolostone water supply aquifer

Abstract This paper reports a long-term field investigation of a fractured dolostone aquifer that was penetrated by a dense non-aqueous phase liquid. High-resolution source zone characterization shows the evolution of deep penetration to the back-diffusion conditions seen at the present day. Metolachlor, a common herbicide, was released into the overburden overlying a fractured dolostone aquifer within a short time window (1978–81). In 2000, the plume front arrived at a municipal supply well located 930 m down-gradient, increasing to a maximum concentration of 2 μg l−1. Groundwater monitoring with high-resolution, depth-discrete multi-level sampling systems since 1992 shows a clearly delineated bedrock plume. Numerous rock core samples show metolachlor in the low-permeability rock matrix at the bottom of the aquifer. The mass distribution and bedrock hydraulic head pattern strongly suggest that metolachlor entered the bedrock as a free-phase dense non-aqueous phase liquid penetrating to the aquifer bottom, preferentially accumulating in some horizontal fractures, dissolving quickly as a result of the rapid groundwater flow and then diffusing into the rock matrix, where back-diffusion sustains a dilute, persistent and stable plume. Strong plume retardation by matrix diffusion and sorption has greatly mitigated the impact on water quality in the down-gradient supply well, allowing for its continued use, while back-diffusion and degradation maintain a persistent, dilute plume managed by appropriate monitoring.
A GEOCHEMICAL METHOD FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE THERMAL HISTORIES OF SEDIMENTS: A TWO-WELL CASE STUDY FROM THE GIPPSLAND BASIN, AUSTRALIA

The ester content in kerogen is depleted as sediment maturation progresses in a process which has been shown to correlate with change in the carbon preference index (CPI) of the associated soluble organic matter. We have carried out accurate laboratory measurements of the kinetics of the reaction which causes ester depletion in sediments, and we show how this information can be used to assess the thermal history of sediments. Two wells were selected, Grunter-1 and Volador-1, to provide samples from the Latrobe Group in the Gippsland Basin. The CPI values were measured to assess the extent of reaction at points down each well, and these values were then used with the kinetic parameters for the ester depletion process to obtain thermal histories which are consistent with the available maturity information. This treatment enabled the heat flow from 50 Ma to the present to be assessed and it suggests that at both locations a constant low heat flow during the Gippsland stable phase was followed by a gradual increase from the beginning of the Miocene to present-day values.
The effect of educational digital games on education, motivation and attitudes of elementary school students against course access

The use of computer games is becoming more and more common among children thanks to its many features; from multimedia opportunities to motivation. This increase in its use also increases the importance of educational games. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the use of educational games in education on the academic success, motivation and attitudes of elementary school students. The participants of the research consist of 90 students studying in a public primary school in the 2017-2018 academic years. The research is also important for carrying out with primary school students as younger individuals who are missing in the literature. In the research designed in the quasi-experimental model, an experimental process was carried out with two different units ("In the Classrom" and "Numbers") in the English lesson, and it was observed that the educational games increased the students' access to the lesson. On the other hand, while educational games caused a difference in motivation towards the English lesson, no difference was found in the attitudes towards the lesson. Keywords: Digital game, educational game, motivation, attitude,
Towards automated mapping and monitoring of potentially dangerous glacial lakes in Bhutan Himalaya using Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar data

ABSTRACT The majority of glacial lakes around the world are located in remote and hardly accessible regions. The use of remote sensing data is therefore of high importance to identify and assess their potential hazards. However, the persistence of cloud cover, particularly in high mountain areas such as the Himalayas, limits the temporal resolution of optical satellite data with which we can monitor potentially dangerous glacial lakes (PDGLs). The ability of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellites to collect data, irrespective of weather and at day or night, facilitates monitoring of PDGLs by without compromising temporal resolution. In this study, we present a semi-automated approach, based on a radar signal intensity threshold between water and non-water feature classes followed by post-processing including elevations, slopes, vegetation and size thresholds, to delineate glacial lakes in Sentinel-1 SAR images in Bhutan Himalaya. We show the capability of our method to be used for delineating and monitoring glacial lakes in Bhutan Himalaya by comparing our results to 10 m resolution Sentinel-2 multispectral data, field survey data, meteorological data, and a time series of monthly images from January to December 2016 of two lakes. Sentinel-1 SAR data can, moreover, be used for detecting lake surface area changes and open water area variations, at temporal resolution of six days, providing substantial advantages over optical satellite data to continuously monitor PDGLs.