Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship Building, Collaboration and Flexible Service Delivery: The Path to Engagement of Refugee Families and Communities in Early Childhood Trauma Recovery Services

Service utilisation by refugee families may be affected by the mismatch between Western individualistic service delivery approaches and the target communities’ more collectivist cultural patterns and practices. In addition to access barriers, utilisation of early childhood services by refugees can also be impacted upon by distrust of services, health and settlement issues, stigma, unfamiliarity with early childhood programmes, and fear of child protection and other legal systems. This low service utilisation sits in conflict with the need for early interventions for very young children, who are in the peak period of brain development. This article explores the implementation of a model to address these issues in early childhood work with refugee families and communities, with the intent to increase service uptake. Some strategies to address potential barriers will be described in the context of a community engagement model that includes consultation, relationship building, collaborative flexible service design and delivery, partnerships in community capacity building and cross-referral. Flexible, culturally appropriate interventions can enhance strengths based, non-pathologising and development-focused approach. A community engagement approach will, nevertheless, present challenges for service providers who must be willing to adapt their practices. Services and funding bodies need to recognise that this process is lengthy and resource intensive, but will ultimately lead to better service delivery and uptake, potentially leading to improvements in health, development and relational outcomes, for children and families from refugee backgrounds.
SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF POLITENESS AND ITS PROBLEMS IN USING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH APPROACH

The use of qualitative research in sociolinguistic studies has attracted a considerable number of sociolinguists. The studies have yielded many interesting findings that could not be found satisfyingly in the use of conventional research. This paper will present one of the studies in sociolinguistics which concerns with politeness in Indonesian context. It is suggested that the study of Asian politeness especially, is best suited in using qualitative research method than traditional research method. I will present my own experience in dealing with the problems I encountered during the process of doing the research. Among other things are the problems of looking for the purposeful sampling, the presentation of myself in the research setting, and the ethical issue of lying or not lying in interacting with the respondents.
Extracts of Azadirachta Indica Can Modulate the Possible Hepatotoxic Effect of Vernonia Amygdalina in Diabetic and Non- Diabetic Rats

This work assessed the effects of a 28-day co-administration of extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Azadirachta indica on liver function indices of diabetic and non diabetic rats. The design consisted of 60 rats divided into 5 parallel groups; each comprised of a diabetic and non diabetic pair of 6 rats each and thus treated: 1. Controls (diabetic and non diabetic); 2. V. amygdalina extract (200mg/Kg b.w.); 3. A. indica extract (200mg/Kg b.w); 4. V. amygdalina and A. indica extracts (100mg/Kg b.w of each); and 5. Insulin (humulin NPH, 5units/Kg b.w. s.c). Serum biochemical assay results showed that AST and ALT activities diabetic rats were significantly reduced (p 0.05) non diabetic control. The two extracts can modulate effectively, the possible toxic effect of each other synergistically to attain holistic hepatoprotection both in diabetic and non diabetic condition.
Environmental Attitude on the Adoption Decision Mangrove Conservation: An Empirical Study on Communities in Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

This study aims to analyze people's behavior decisions in mangrove conservation in Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia. This study uses the Theory of Planned Behavior. The decision to conserve mangroves is explained by perceived environmental responsibility, human nature orientation, environmental knowledge and environmental attitudes. The population in this study are individuals who have done mangrove conservation. Respondents for the research were chosen as purposive sampling. The final sample consists of 161 respondents. These results indicate that the model of mangrove conservation decisions can be accepted. Perceived environmental responsibility and environmental knowledge affects the environmental attitudes, and environmental attitude affects the decision of mangrove conservation.
Cryptococcal Meningitis of the HIV-Infected Person in Lomé: About 102 Cases over 10 Years

Objective: To describe the clinical, epidemiological and evolutionary aspects of cryptococcal meningitis. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study on all HIV-infected patients who had been hospitalized for cryptococcal meningitis between 2006 and 2016 in the principal structures for the care of HIV infected person in Lome. The diagnosis of meningitis was clinical and confirmed by the presence of cryptococci on Chinese ink or the detection of CSFsoluble antigens. All patients have made the CD4 rate assay and received an antifungal treatment based on fluconazole or Amphotericin B, followed later by antiretroviral triple therapy. Results: A total of 102 patients infected with cryptococcal meningitis (62 men for 40 women) were found. The sex ratio was 1.55. The median age was 34 years with extremes of 15 to 49 years. Clinically, headache was the symptomatic symptom in 100% of cases, prone to long runs and weight loss respectively in the proportions of 45% and 65%. The mean CD4 cell count was 65 ± 22 cells per mm3. The duration of hospital stay was short (less than 7 days) for the deceased. A total of 62 patients were able to receive treatment, 40 of them with fluconazole and 22 with Amphotericin B. The mortality was very high (65%), 25% were lost to follow-up, and 9.5% still in live 3 months after admission to the hospital. Conclusion: Cryptococcal meningitis has a very reserved prognosis. It is to be feared in cases of severe immunosuppression, hence the early detection of HIV for optimal management is important.
Problematic Internet uses and depression in adolescents: A meta-analysis

Widespread use of the Internet in 21st century society is not risk-free. This paper studies the comorbidity of some problematic uses of Internet with depression in order to assess their correlation. With that aim, a meta-analysis of 19 samples obtained from 13 different studies (n=33,458) was carried out. The subjects of these studies are adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 years (µ=15.68) from different cultures and continents (Europe, Euro-Asia, America and Asia). The effect size obtained from the use of a random-effects model (r=0.3, p<0.000) is significant, moderate and positive, thus confirming the relation between pathologic uses of the Internet and depression. Moreover, meta-regression test results showed that 9% of the variance (R2=0.09) is associated with the male gender, while age and culture are not significant variables. The variability rate of the studies is high (I2=87.085%), as a consequence of heterogeneity rather than publication bias, as Egger’s regression test shows (1-tailed p-value=0.25; 2-tailed p-value=0.50, and ? =1.57). Therefore, the need for specific interventions in secondary education dealing with this issue is evident to ensure that it does not extend into adult life.
Response of chamomile Matricaria recutita to low and moderate soil cadmium pollution

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil cadmium (Cd) pollution to the growth and quality of medicinal herbs plant chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) and their extracts. The plants were grown in soils contaminated with Cd (3, 6, 12 mgCd/kg) for four weeks. The morphological, physiological, biochemical parameters and the content of Cd in chamomile tissues and infusions were determined. The results of this study showed that soil contamination with Cd had no adverse effect to the aboveground biomass of chamomile, but slightly reduced root biomass. Cd treatment significantly reduced the number of flowers and their dry weight. Cd soil pollution had no significant adverse effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments, though induced lipid peroxidation and an increase in MDA content was recorded. Cadmium concentrations in the plant tissues and extracts increased along with Cd concentration in the soil. It was found that Cd concentrations in chamomile flowers and infusions were above the maximum allowable Cd levels in medicinal plants and drinking water. This study demonstrated that the use of chamomile products may pose a risk to human health even if chamomiles are growing at environmentally relevant Cd soil concentration.
Risk Preferences and Risk Pooling in Networks: Theory and Evidence from Community Detection in Ghana

When risk preferences are heterogeneous, pooling covariate risk can lead to welfare improvements by shifting correlated shocks from more risk averse to less risk averse agents in exchange for a premium. However, the ability to pool covariate risk in this way depends crucially on whether agents prefer to share risk with others who have similar risk preferences. Do agents assortatively match on risk preferences? To investigate this question, I build a theoretical model of covariate risk pooling with heterogeneous risk aversion. I use rich data from four villages in southern Ghana to construct a bilateral risk sharing network and community detection algorithms to detect risk pooling communities, which bound the scope of risk pooling. Using econometric models of network formation, I estimate that individuals prefer to assortatively match in risk sharing networks. However, in detected communities the magnitude of assortative matching falls considerably. I compare the allocation of agents in communities to three benchmarks, including an optimal and worst-case scenario. In terms of assorative matching, I find that the observed networks deviate but tend to lie close to optimal networks for this form of risk pooling.
Sovereign Spreads and Fiscal Consolidations1

Lower commodity prices, mediocre growth, and a prolonged period of low global interest rates have contributed to rising public debt in many countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Against this backdrop, and amid a more challenging external environment, financial markets’ perception of credit risk in LAC has deteriorated somewhat. This has led policymakers in many of these economies to announce fiscal consolidation measures aimed at reducing public debt and improving confidence in the sovereign, as measured by sovereign bond spreads. Nevertheless, empirical evidence quantifying the effects of fiscal policy on sovereign spreads has been elusive. Using a new database on fiscal policy news, this chapter investigates the effects of fiscal consolidation announcements on sovereign spreads in LAC during 2000–18. Our results show that sovereign spreads decline significantly following news that fiscal consolidation measures have been approved by Congress, particularly in periods of high sovereign spreads or in countries under an IMF program. In addition, fiscal adjustment packages are more effective—leading to smaller output losses and larger reductions in the public debt-to-GDP ratio—when sovereign spreads significantly decline following the announcement. These results constitute direct evidence that if confronted with a situation of fiscal stress, credible consolidation efforts get rewarded. These confidence effects are crucial in mitigating the drag on economic activity in the aftermath of fiscal consolidation.
EFFICACY OF METAMIFOP 10 EC AGAINST GRASSY WEEDS OF DIRECT SEEDED RICE AND ITS RESIDUAL EFFECT ON SUBSEQUENT CROP OF WHEAT

Weeds are the foremost biotic barriers in enhancing rice production and weed management is considered as a positive factor in trapping the production potential. Weed infestation continues to be a serious problem and is a limiting factor in realizing the yield potential (Rao et al., 2007). The extent of yield reduction of rice due to weeds has been estimated from 15-95% (Gogoi et al., 1996, Naresh et al., 2011). Rice grain production in India suffers a yearly loss of 15 million tones due to weed competition (Kathiresan, 2002). In Chhattisgarh, about 70% of the rice crop is direct seeded. The risk of crop yield loss due to competition from weeds by direct seeded rice is higher than for transplanted rice because of the absence of the size differential between the crop and weeds and the suppressive effect of standing water on weed growth at crop establishment (Singh, S., 2007).
MIDDLE TERM IMPACT OF SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY ON MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN A GROUP OF ROMANIAN OBESE PATIENTS.

Background and aim The goals of bariatric surgery are to improve the quality of life by lowering body mass index (BMI) but also to treat obesity comorbidities. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on metabolic parameters. Methods 85 obese patients treated by bariatric surgery LSG procedure were included in the study. Basal, 6 and 12 months after surgery serum glucose levels and lipid fractions were measured. Metabolic syndrome criteria according to IDF 2006 were evaluated at baseline and after bariatric surgery. Results Our group included 61.2 % female patients, the mean age was 40.2 ±10.2 years and the metabolic syndrome criteria at baseline were confirmed in 69.4% of the study group. At twelve months after the intervention, the mean excess weight loss (%EWL) was 72%, with age and BMI subgroups variations. We found significant improvements of serum concentrations for triglycerides (P-value = 0.001, decreased by 30%), HDL-cholesterol (P-value = 0.017, increased by 26%), total cholesterol (P-value = 0.043, decreased by 12%) and glucose (P-value = 0.007, decreased by 12%). Conclusions The positive effect of bariatric surgery was confirmed for lipid fractions and fasting glucose levels, also the metabolic syndrome prevalence was significantly reduced, all these changes contribute to lower cardiovascular risk together with significant weight loss.
NOSOCOMIAL TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN INDIA: A REVIEW

This review aims to evaluate the commonness of nosocomial contamination among tuberculosis patients. Risen as a most serious risk to India TB undermined the health of a large number of individuals. Since TB is omnipresent and infectious, hospital staff and others in close contact with tuberculosis patients run the most elevated risk of contamination. This hazard is to a great extent preventable by utilization of basic cheap measures to keep away from the disease to spread by means of droplets. Despite the fact that healthcare workers are very much aware of the method of spread of tuberculosis, they don't take prudent steps while managing TB patients. Patients also are non-compliant with doctor’s recommendation of wearing masks for their safety. In this manner, broad utilization of masks will enormously decrease the transmission of tuberculosis. This might be accomplished if expendable masks are made accessible free of cost from allocators under a national program thus tackle the disease. In the wake of evaluating the disease prevalence, risk factors, and resources, India must implement effective strategies to diminish nosocomial transmission. Existing evidences accentuate the need to design and execute basic, successful and reasonable TB contamination control programs in healthcare facilities in India. With its vast human and intellectual capital in India, nearly countrywide DOTS coverage, and a large, well-funded, successful national TB control program, is well placed to tackle this problem and set an example for other high prevalence countries.
A preoperative nomogram predicting the pseudocapsule status in localized renal cell carcinoma

Background Tumor enucleation (TE) surgery for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) relies on a complete peritumoral pseudocapsule (PC). Study objective was to develop a preoperative model to predict PC status. Methods The prediction model was developed in a cohort that consisted of 170 patients with localized RCC, and data was gathered from 2010 to 2015. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and R were used to generate this prediction model. The statistical performance was assessed with respect to the calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness. Results The prediction model incorporated the systemic inflammatory markers [neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR); albumin-globulin ratio (AGR)], CT imaging features (tumor size and necrosis), and clinical risk factors (BMI). The model showed good discrimination, with a C-index of 0.85 (0.78–0.91), and good calibration (P=0.60). The sensitivity and specificity were 62% and 94% respectively. Decision curves and clinical impact curve demonstrated that the current model was clinically useful. Conclusions We constructed a model that incorporated both the systematic inflammatory markers and clinical risk factors. It can be conveniently used to preoperatively predict the individualized risk of PC invasion and identify the best candidates to receive TE surgery.
Plane Surface Detection and Reconstruction using SymStereo

This technical report presents a new stereo approach dubbed SymStereo . Given a calibrated stereo pair, we show how to reconstruct the curve where a virtual cut plane intersects the scene structure (see Fig.1.1 (a) and (b)). While standard stereo relies on photo-consistency for matching pixels, we detect the image of the pro-ﬁle cut using signal symmetry analysis. This is possible because, since the virtual plane is assumed to pass between the cameras, then, the homography mapping of one view into the other gives raise to a warped image that is mirrored with respect to the proﬁle cut projection. Thus, the sum of the original and warped frames is symmetric with respect to this contour, and the image of the proﬁle cut can be robustly determined by applying log-Gabor wavelets Kovesi (1997). An important advantage of the symmetry cue is its global character that enables matching textureless image regions where photo-consistency measurements are ambiguous. Another interesting property of SymStereo is allowing to probe into the scene structure in a new and controlled manner. Given two images we are able to generate 3D data similar to the one that would be acquired by a LRF with the scan plane coincident with our arbitrary virtual cut plane. The article presented in Antunes et al. (2011) applies this unique feature for developing a new algorithm that, given two calibrated images, it detects and reconstructs planar surfaces in the scene.
Influence of Coffee, Tea and Drinking Water Source on Calcium Kidney Stone Disease in Universitas Padjdjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung West Java Indonesia: A Case Control Study

The risk of urinary tract stone disease is influenced by lifestyle, genetics and diet. Coffee, tea and drinking water source are one dietary factor that influences the urinary volume and urinary solute concentration. This study investigates the influence of coffee, tea and type of drinking water source to the risk of calcium kidney stone disease in Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung West Java Indonesia. A hospital based case control study was conducted in Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from November 2016 to January 2017. 30 urinary tract calcium disease patients and 30 controlled patients were enrolled in this study. Patient characteristic and number of cup of coffee and tea intake as well as source of water were collected using checklist items. Two tailed independent t-tests Mann Whitney U, Chi square test and Fisher Exact Test were used for statistical analysis. The odds ratios for daily tea and daily tea and coffee intake are 0.33 and 0.2 and are statistically significant (P = 0.038 and P = 0.04). This result showed that tea and coffee have influence on the risk of calcium stone disease.
Cost Reductions Enabled by Machine Learning in ATM How can Automatic Speech Recognition enrich human operators’ performance?

—Various new solutions were recently implemented to replace paper flight strips through different means. Therefore, digital data comprising instructed air traffic controller (ATCO) commands can be used for various purposes. This paper summarizes recent works on developing speech recognition systems to automatically transcribe commands issued by air-traffic controllers to pilots allowing decrease of ATCOs’ workload, which leads to significant increase of ATM efficiency and cost savings. First experiments in AcListant® project have validated that Assistant Based Speech Recognition (ABSR) integrating a conventional speech recognizer with an assistant system can provide an adequate solution. The following EC H2020 funded MALORCA project has proposed new Machine Learning algorithms significantly reducing development and maintenance costs while exploiting new automatically transcribed speech corpora. In this paper, besides recapitulating achieved recognition performance for Prague and Vienna approach, new statistics obtained from various error analysis processes are presented. Results are detailed for different types of ATC commands followed by rationales causing the performance drops.
The Gains from Market Integration the Welfare Effects of New Rural Roads in Ethiopia

This paper estimates the welfare gains from market integration due to new rural road construction. Using a large-scale rural road expansion project and a detailed agricultural dataset from Ethiopia, I provide evidence that rural road construction increased market integration and household consumption. I then develop a multi-sector multi-location Ricardian model of trade with heterogeneous land quality to identify the mechanisms through which roads improve household welfare. I use the model structure to derive a sufficient statistic for the effects of roads on household welfare that can be inferred from household land allocation and model parameters alone, without data on trade flows between households. I estimate a reduced-form effect of the roads on household welfare of about 13%. Using the sufficient statistic derived from the model, I show that about half of the reduced-form welfare effect is attributed to new trading opportunities. A notable feature of my model is the prediction that increased road connectivity would cause household production decisions to be dictated by market prices rather than consumption preferences – thus providing a novel test for separability. This separability between household production decisions and consumption preferences leads to efficiency gains because land is reallocated to crops that have higher productivity and higher prices. I provide robust evidence that support these predictions.First, I find a significant correlation between household land and budget allocation across crops, and that this correlation decreases over time for households that reside in villages that get road connectivity, relative to households in villages that did not get roads. Second, I show that land is reallocated to crops in which villages have a comparative advantage when they gain access to new roads.