Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biological activities and phytochemicals of Hyptis capitata grown in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Hyptis capitata is a plant in the family of Lamiaceae used to prevent wound infection and as an antidote for food poisoning by the Bentian people, a local tribe in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Of the plants in the Lamiaceae family, the biological activities and phytochemical studies of H. capitata are less reported. This work aims to investigate the phytochemicals and biological activities of H. capitata grown at two locations in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Leaves of H. capitata collected from location 1, Samarinda (coded by HSM), and location 2, West Kutai areas (coded by HWK), were macerated using ethanol. The biological activities of the plant were evaluated in terms of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity against Artemia salina, while phytochemicals were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative tests. The results showed that leaf extract of H. capitata contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, and coumarins. HSM possessed higher phenolic and flavonoid content than that of HWK. HWK displayed more antimicrobial activity against the test microorganisms particularly P. acnes (29%), S. sobrinus (49%), S. aureus (51%), and E. coli (45%). HSM showed more radical scavenging activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (IC50 13.69 μg/ml) and superoxide (IC50 65.11 μg/ml) tests. Brine shrimp lethality test showed no toxicity of H. capitata leaf extracts. The results displayed that H. capitata collected from the two locations showed good antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The results suggested that the biological activities and phytochemicals of H. capitata were affected by the environment where the plant was collected. A study into deep analysis of the effect of light intensity, temperature, soil nutrition, and predatory risks to the biological activity and phytochemicals of the plant is required.
Characterization of Renal Inflammatory Cytokines and Related Nephropathy in Experimentally Infected Broiler Chickens with Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus.

*Corresponding author’s Email: kawkababdelaziz@yahoo.com; ORCID: 0000-0001-7376-7411 Received: 03 Jan. 2020 Accepted: 15 Feb. 2020 ABSTRACT Velogenic Newcastle disease virus (VNDV) shows systemic dissemination and it affects the histological structure and function of the kidneys. Present study is an novel attempt to correlate the changes in renal biochemical functions and gene expression of different inflammatory cytokines with related renal pathology induced by VNDV in experimentally infected broilers in different ages. One hundred broiler chickens were divided into 4 groups: group 1 served as control (non-infected group), and groups 2, 3 and 4 were inoculated with 10 EID50 of NDV on the 10 , 20 and 30 days of age, respectively. Serum samples were collected to evaluate uric acid and creatinine levels. Kidney specimens were collected for virus detection using real time RT-PCR, evaluation of gene expression of IL-6 and IFNγ as well as histopathological, histochemical and immunohictochemical analysis. The highest concentration of uric acid and creatinine profile were found in Group 4 (12.06 ± 1.25 and 2.16 ± 0.12, respectively) on 7 dpi. IL-6 and IFN-γ were significantly elevated at the 7 dpi in Group 4 compared to other infected groups. The renal histopathological lesions included tubulointerstitial nephritis and glomerulopathy with expression of virus antigen in different areas of renal tissue. histopathology was the hallmark of VNDV infection in broiler chickens; their severity was related to the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines genes (IL-6 and IFN-γ) and virus antigen residence in renal tissue.
Lipids in seeds of oat (Avena spp.), a potential oil crop

New oil crops with high yield and oil content are urgently needed. Oat is the only cereal that accumulates substantial amount of lipids in the endosperm. This gives it potential as an oil crop, which could address both nutritional and environmental concerns of modern society. To develop oat with increased oil content, thorough investigations on its lipid metabolism and tools for genetic manipulations are needed. Analyses of lipids in seeds of wild and cultivated oat species revealed variation in wild oat accessions in both oil content and quality. This variation should allow for development of new oat varieties for diverse applications. However, to develop oat as an oil crop, a level of 20% of the seed dry weight as oil is required and the range of oil content in the studied accessions was 4-10%. Another feature which showed almost no deviation was the amount of omega 3 fatty acid, -linolenic acid (0.6-2.1%). To develop oat varieties with ultra-high seed oil and increased content of omega 3 fatty acids, a biotechnological approach is preferred to conventional breeding methods. Lipids in oat endosperm have been reported to exist, not enclosed in oil bodies, but as non-structured oil smear. In my study, I also observed oil smears, a phenomenon probably correlated with the reduced amount of oil body associated proteins in the endosperm, as revealed by microscopic and staining methods. This was supported experimentally by SDS-PAGE separation of oil-body proteins and immunoblotting and immunolocalization with antibodies against a 16 kD oil body protein. Biochemical studies on lipid mobilization during oat seed germination demonstrated efficient utilization of oil reserves from the starchy endosperm; these results were corroborated by microscopy. An oat cultivar which is capable of accumulating high amounts of oil in the endosperm was shown to be also efficient in utilizing these reserves upon germination. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is one of the methods for modification of oat oil content and/or its quality. The results of the analyses aimed at development of an Agrobacterium-mediated oat transformation protocol are presented in this thesis.
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF WATER VAPOR ADSORPTION ON MARS FOR IN SITU RESOURCE UTILIZATION

This paper presents the results of a feasibility study of the extraction of water vapor by adsorption from the Martian atmosphere, for in situ resource utilization (ISRU) purposes. Past proposals for extracting atmospheric water have invoked a compression-cooling process, which requires a prohibitively high specific power input. At the University of Washington the Water Vapor Adsorption Reactor (WAVAR), a highly effective water extraction concept based on adsorption processes in zeolite molecular sieves, is being developed. In this device, Martian atmosphere is forced over a zeolite bed which adsorbs the trace water vapor. Once the zeolite bed is saturated, it is removed from the flow, placed in a sealed chamber, and the water vapor desorbed by microwave heating of the bed, all in a continuous batch process. The water vapor thus obtained is condensed and electrolyzed into H2 and O2. The H2 can be combined with the atmospheric CO2 in a Sabatier reactor to produce CH4 and additional water that is recycled. The resulting ratio of O2 to CH4 is 4.0, very close to the optimum ratio of 3.5 for a CH4/O2 rocket. Based on the encouraging performance comparison of the WAVAR concept with the compression-cooling process, a detailed simulation was run, using the first 250 sols of Viking Lander 1 meteorological data. A successful preliminary experiment on the microwave reactivation of the molecular sieve, zeolite 3A, was performed as well. The use of realistic Mars atmospheric data, however, highlighted the importance of landing site selection when using the WAVAR, as available atmospheric water quickly becomes minuscule if the ambient temperature drops below about 200 K.
Sexual selection and population divergence III: Interspecific and intraspecific variation in mating signals

A major challenge for studying the role of sexual selection in divergence and speciation is understanding the relative influence of different sexually selected signals on those processes in both intra‐ and interspecific contexts. Different signals may be more or less susceptible to co‐option for species identification depending on the balance of sexual and ecological selection acting upon them. To examine this, we tested three predictions to explain geographic variation in long‐ versus short‐range sexual signals across a 3,500 + km transect of two related Australian field cricket species (Teleogryllus spp.): (a) selection for species recognition, (b) environmental adaptation and (c) stochastic divergence. We measured male calling song and male and female cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) in offspring derived from wild populations, reared under common garden conditions. Song clearly differentiated the species, and no hybrids were observed suggesting that hybridization is rare or absent. Spatial variation in song was not predicted by geography, genetics or climatic factors in either species. In contrast, CHC divergence was strongly associated with an environmental gradient supporting the idea that the climatic environment selects more directly upon these chemical signals. In light of recently advocated models of diversification via ecological selection on secondary sexual traits, the different environmental associations we found for song and CHCs suggest that the impact of ecological selection on population divergence, and how that influences speciation, might be different for acoustic versus chemical signals.
Urinary excretion of advanced glycation end products in dogs and cats

Abstract The present study was conducted with privately owned dogs and cats to investigate whether a relationship exists between the dietary AGEs and the urinary excretion of AGEs, as indication of possible effective absorption of those compounds in the intestinal tract of pet carnivores. For this purpose, data were collected from both raw fed and dry processed food (DPF) fed to dogs and cats, through spot urine sampling and questionnaires. Raw pet food (RF, low in AGE diets) was fed as a primary food source to 29 dogs and DPF to 28 dogs. Cats were categorized into 3 groups, which were RF (n = 15), DPF (n = 14) and dry and wet processed pet food (DWF, n = 25). Urinary‐free carboxymethyllysine (CML), carboxyethyllysine (CEL) and lysinoalanine (LAL) were analysed using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)—mass spectrometry, and were standardized for variable urine concentration by expressing the AGE concentrations as a ratio to urine creatinine (Ucr) concentration (µg/µmol Ucr). Urinary excretion of CML, CEL and LAL in dogs fed with DPF was 2.03, 2.14 and 3 times higher compared to dogs fed with RF (p < .005). Similar to the dogs, a significant difference in CML:Ucr, CEL:Ucr and LAL:Ucr between the three diet groups was observed in cats (p‐overall < 0.005, ANOVA), in which the RF fed group excreted less AGEs than the other groups. Linear regression coefficients and SE of CML:Ucr, CEL:Ucr and LAL:Ucr showed that body weight and neuter status were significantly correlated with CML and CEL excretion, but not to LAL excretion. Our results revealed a significant correlation between dietary AGEs and urinary excretion of free CML, CEL and LAL, and also showed that endogenous formation of these AGEs occurs in both dogs and cats under physiological conditions.
It's Time to Normalize Observation for Pediatric Minor Head Trauma

The 2009 PECARN minor head injury clinical decision rule (CDR) represented an important advance in pediatric emergency care.1 For over a decade, it has offered clinicians a proven evidence based tool to thoughtfully guide neuroimaging for pediatric minor head trauma while dramatically reducing missed clinically important traumatic brain injuries (ciTBI). When appropriately applied it simultaneously limits harmful radiation exposures and better utilizes healthcare resources. Nonetheless, in spite of the PECARN CDR, neuroimaging of children for minor head trauma in the United States (as studied between the years 2007 and 2015) has not changed appreciably and remains at approximately 30%.
A ‘Movement Screening Test’ of Functional Control Ability in Female Recreation Golfers and Non-Golfers over the Age of 80 Years: A Reliability Study

Assessing function in elderly populations predominantly aims to quantify the risk of falling. Current assessment methods do not consider changes associated with aging in movement coordination patterns and the ability to control movement. The aim of this study was to examine the intra-rater reliability of a ‘Movement Screening Test’ (MST) in females over 80 years across a range of physical activity levels, who were golfers and non-golfers. Female recreational golfers (N = 21) and non-golfers (N = 10) aged 80 to 87 years performed the MST. The MST consists of three tests: Test 1, sit to stand with arm lift; Test 2, trunk lean with knee bend and opposite arm lift; Test 3, chest rotation with neutral head and pelvis. Videos of the MST were analyzed and scored according to specific criteria. The videos were reviewed on two separate occasions to quantify the intra-rater reliability of scoring of the MST. Intra-rater reliability (κ) of the MST demonstrated substantial agreement for 11/23 criteria (κ = 0.65 and to 0.78) and excellent agreement for 9/23 criteria (κ = 0.81 to 1). Therefore, the reliability of the MST for women aged 80 years and over was established. The MST test and scoring system may be further refined to improve reliability. Further investigations could explore coordination patterns in older people, how these relate to various aspects of musculoskeletal function, and how they vary between different populations.
Effect of Nutritional Supplements of Fermented and Unfermented Betel Nutshell Waste in Performance of Broiler Chickens.

An experiment was conducted to see the broiler’s performance fed with fermented and unfermented betel nutshell. Harvesting betel nut seed leaved peel as a waste that contains some nutrients and active ingredients. This waste was useful for poultry feed, to maintain poultry performance and to reduce cholesterol. The aim of this research was to fermented betel nutshell waste with indigenous microorganism from a vegetable waste mixture that produced cellulase to reduce their crude fiber before feeding to the broiler. The nutrient profile and metabolizable energy of fermented betel nutshell in dry matter basis showed 15.96 % water, 84.04 % dry matter, 23.69 % crude fiber, 10.39 % crude protein, 0.31 % crude fat, 2.60% calcium, 1.26 % phosphorus, and 1360,44 kcal/kg. In this experiment betel nutshell waste from a local farmer in Indonesia, and 80 birds from the broiler strain CP 707 from Charoen Pockphand were used. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with different levels of fermented betel nutshell waste (0, 2, 4, and 6%) and 6 % of unfermented of betel nutshell waste in the broiler ration. Each treatment was repeated four times. The measured values included daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion, body weight, carcass content, abdominal fat pads, lipoprotein profile (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in serum of broiler chikens. The results indicated that fermented betel nutshell waste significantly increased daily feed intake, daily body weight gain, carcass content, and decreased abdominal fat pad, total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL of broiler chickens, however did not affect the feed conversion. The fermentation of betel nutshell waste with indigenous microorganism from vegetable waste mixture could be used up to 6 % in the broiler ration and had a positive effect on performance, blood serum lipoprotein, and carcass quality of broiler chickens.
Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece

In the present document we present the main studies, actions, initiatives and infrastructure developed under the project GEOTOPIA aiming to develop a geopark at the easternmost part of Crete, in Sitia area. The developed activities may be considered as model to establish a geopark in a rural area under the provisions of European and Global Geoparks Networks, aiming intimately to a responsible tourist development. Study area includes the eastern coastal zone of Sitia municipality extended westwards to the Sitia mountains. It presents an impressive geological heritage constituted mainly by the landscape variations (including gorges, plateaus and long cave systems), hydrological resources, rock types and abundant mammal fossils. The project resulted in an inventory, mapping and evaluation of geotopes using existing methodologies, in undertaking conservation, educational and geotourisitc activities, among them the development of two educational projects, two local museums, 15 geotrails, outdoor panels and signposts, as well as printed, visual and web material. A management and action plan has been also conducted presenting the goals, the methodologies, the resources and the timetable to manage the area as a real geopark. Furthermore, the plan foresaw the interaction of geopark initiative in respect to other planned investments and activities in the area.
Design and Analysis of a Compact MIMO Textile Antenna with Improved Mutual Coupling for WBAN Applications

This paper proposes a miniaturized high-isolation MIMO textile antenna for 2.4GHz ISM band Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications. An inverted S-type radiating element is used to reduce the overall dimension of the proposed MIMO textile antenna with very compact size of 86 mm×40 mm×1.6 mm. The proposed MIMO antenna consists of S shaped type radiator, ground and two slots. The Defected Ground Structure (DGS) are introduced in the shared ground plane of the proposed MIMO textile antenna to produce high isolation between the antenna elements. By putting two slits in a ground plane the isolation characteristic is improved and the resonant frequency can be controlled. In general, textiles present a very low dielectric constant that reduces the surface wave losses and increases the performance of the antenna. The proposed MIMO textile antenna has been designed on jeans substrate with dielectric constant εr = 1.6 and 1.6mm thickness. The proposed MIMO textile antenna has very low mutual coupling of (S21 < -25dB), low envelop correlation coefficient (ECC < 0.001), high Diversity Gain (DG > 9.5 dB and peak gain is around 3.0 dBi. The proposed antenna observed good performance in terms of S-parameters, radiation properties, mutual coupling, and diversity gain (DG), envelop correlation coefficient (ECC). The proposed MIMO textile antenna is competitive for wearable applications, due to its compact size, single-layer structure, easy integration and robustness. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 22-03-2020 Date of Acceptance: 09-04-2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Influence of Von Mises Stress on the Deformation behaviour of a Pinion Spur Gear under Cyclic Loading in a Bottling Machine: An Approach for predicting surface Fatigue failure in Gears

Fatigue failure predictions using analytical method have become cumbersome due to the types and mode of load applications on the gear teeth. The study employed a simulation approach to predict the fatigue behaviour of a pinion gear under cyclic loading by the determination of the Von Mises stress which can result to Surface deformation. The simulation was carried out on the gear component with emphasis on the teeth at different interval of 60, 90, 120 and 150 seconds using SolidWorks program. The result showed that increased stress resulted to increased deformation. Thus a minimum and maximum Von Mises stress of 1.303e+001 N/mm and 7.370e+001 N/mm were observed at 60 seconds against the fracture strength of the chosen material, gray cast iron (276 MPa). Further to this, the equivalent minimum and maximum deformation at 60 and 90 seconds were observed to be 7.192e004 mm, 2.304e-002 mm at 60 seconds and 1.594e-003 mm,2.365e-002 mm at 90 seconds at the tooth respectively. This implies that deformation increases as stress increased and they are both functions of time. Based on the results of these analysis, Von Mises stress and the cyclic loading played an important role in predicting the deformation behaviour of the pinion gear. Thus, it is worthy of note to say that this concept has reduced the rigorous calculations in analytical method of failure predictions.
Rare Complication of Silicone Fluid Injection in Lower Leg Cared by Micronized Acellular Dermal Matrix

Earlier, in our country, massive contaminated industrial silicone was injected into humans for contour expansion. This caused many complications, such as distant movement of silicone, granuloma, cellulitis, monstrous nodules, and chronic ulcers. We report the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with skin necrosis in the lower leg after using massive silicone injection 20 years ago. At the initial stage, she showed a 5 cm×4 cm sized necrotic ulcer with calcification and dirty debris of tissues. The histopathological examination of dirty debris showed acute and chronic inflammation with necrotic tissues. The ulcerative lesion was treated successfully by minimal surgical debridement, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) with micronized acellular dermal matrix, and conservative dressing material. In conclusion, the form of the paste acted like a scaffold to maximize the effectiveness of micronized acellular dermal matrix, thus promoting revascularization and cellular repopulation.
Economic Crisis and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment: The Case of Andalusia Crisis

This paper provides three interrelated reasons not to confound perceptions of economic group-threat with hostility toward people of foreign origin. Firstly, I argue that expansive notions of prejudice impede analyzing attitudes toward immigration and immigrants with sufficient precision. Secondly, the recent evolution in the Southern Spanish region of Andalusia illustrates divergent trajectories: anti-immigrant sentiment remained subdued despite surging unemployment and perceived conflict-of-interest. Thirdly, various factors are found to contain anti-immigrant sentiment amidst inauspicious economic circumstances and regardless of perceived group-competition. The study shows that attitudes towards immigrants hinge on a complex array of predispositions and perceptions, rather than economic facts and interests per se.
Real ‐ time full field measurements reveal transient dissipative soliton dynamics in a mode ‐ locked laser

Dissipative solitons are remarkable localized states of a physical system that arise from the dynamical balance between nonlinearity, dispersion and environmental energy exchange. They are the most universal form of soliton that can exist in nature, and are seen in far ‐ from ‐ equilibrium systems in many fields including chemistry, biology, and physics. There has been particular interest in studying their properties in mode ‐ locked lasers producing ultrashort light pulses, but experiments have been limited by the lack of convenient measurement techniques able to track the soliton evolution in real ‐ time. Here, we use dispersive Fourier transform and time lens measurements to simultaneously measure real ‐ time spectral and temporal evolution of dissipative solitons in a fiber laser as the turn ‐ on dynamics pass through a transient unstable regime with complex break ‐ up and collision dynamics before stabilizing to a regular mode ‐ locked pulse train. Our measurements enable reconstruction of the soliton amplitude and phase and calculation of the corresponding complex ‐ valued eigenvalue spectrum to provide further physical insight. These findings are significant in showing how real ‐ time measurements can provide new perspectives into the ultrafast transient dynamics of complex systems.