Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vacuum energy for static, cylindrically symmetric systems

Vacuum Energy for Static, Cylindrically Symmetric Systems. (May 2012) Cynthia Trendafilova Department of Mathematics Department of Physics Texas A&M University Research Advisor: Dr. Stephen Fulling Department of Mathematics In my previous thesis for the Undergraduate Research Scholars program I have calculated, both in terms of the scalar field and in terms of the cylinder kernel, the components of the stress-energy tensor of a quantized scalar field for a static, cylindrically symmetric system in the case of locally flat space. I then took these components and expressed them in terms of the known cylinder kernel in cylindrical coordinates. Using these results, I examine the vacuum energy density and pressure in some detail for several different cylindrically symmetric space-times. Results are presented for point-splitting along the t direction, and also for point-splitting along z. Geometries studied include flat space, a cone with various deficit angles, an infinite wedge, and the infinite-sheeted Sommerfeld-Dowker manifold. For all of these cases, the energy density and three pressure components are given for ξ = 4 coupling, and the correction terms for other values of ξ are given as well.
Semantic Segmentation of Metal Surface Defects and Corresponding Strategies

Facing the demand of the industry for metal surface detection, this article addresses the segmentation of metal surface defects. Metal surface defect segmentation has many technical problems, such as serious imbalances in quantity and distribution, low contrast, and weak boundary information. To solve these problems, this article proposes a multi-scale attention feature fusion module, normalized mean square frequency category weight strategy, biased weight training sampling strategy, and category-boundary loss calculation strategy. The multi-scale attention feature fusion module fuses different levels of feature information to obtain defect features in images more effectively. The normalized mean square frequency category weight strategy suppresses the excessive weight of small defect categories and false positive classification. The biased weight training sampling strategy allocates different training frequencies to training samples and increases the attention to defect samples. The category-boundary loss calculation strategy imposes weights on the defect boundary and increases the attention to the boundary information. On four public datasets (Severstal, SD900, Magnetic-tile, and Crack), the proposed method achieves improvements of 7.8%, 4.0%, 18.4%, and 9.4% (absolute quantity), respectively, compared with the baseline method, while the calculation amount and the number of parameters remain almost unchanged. Hence, our method ranks as state of the art.
Vapor Composition and Vaporization Thermodynamics of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate Ionic Liquid

The processes of the sublimation and thermal decomposition of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid (EMImPF6) were studied by a complex approach including Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry, IR and NMR spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations. It was established that the vapor over the liquid phase primarily consists of decomposition products under equilibrium conditions. Otherwise, the neutral ion pairs are the only vapor components under Langmuir conditions. To identify the nature of the decomposition products, an experiment on the distillation of the ionic liquid was performed and the collected distillate was analyzed. It was revealed by the IR and NMR spectroscopy that EMImPF6 decomposes to substituted imidazole-2-ylidene (C6N2H10PF5) and HF. The measured vapor pressure of C6N2H10PF5 reveals a very low activity of the decomposition products (<10−4) in the liquid phase. The absence of a significant accumulation of decomposition products in the condensed phase makes it possible to determine the enthalpy of sublimation of the ionic liquid assuming its unchanged activity. The thermodynamics of the EMImPF6 sublimation was studied by Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry. The formation enthalpy of EMImPF6 in the ideal gas state was found from a combination of the sublimation enthalpy and formation enthalpy of the ionic liquid in the condensed state. The obtained value is in good agreement with those calculated by quantum chemical methods.
Graduate Work Readiness: An Insight into Entrepreneurship Education, Skills and Intention

The issue of graduate unemployment has received a long-standing debate on whether the education program offered by the university, particularly entrepreneurship courses, can promote graduate work readiness in the gig economy. This paper investigates whether university programs can engage students' entrepreneurial intention by effectively improving their capability skills and knowledge to prepare them for work readiness (GWR) in the relevant field. This study reveals that entrepreneurship education provided by the university could impede the student's entrepreneurial intention if the courses offered cannot accommodate changes in the business and economic environment. Nevertheless, this study argued that developing and preparing students with entrepreneurial skills, ability, and knowledge cannot be the sole responsibility of the universities as students, too, must play a significant role in enhancing their GWR skills, competency, and knowledge, which are expected to be able to accommodate them for any forms of future employment. This study provides fresh evidence on the student's perception towards entrepreneurship courses offered by their university by investigating the cognitive measurements of intentions of the students. This study also provides some insights on improving entrepreneurship courses which are important for the young generations in preparing them for work readiness in the gig market.
Effect of Repeated Extrusion Cycles on the Structure and Properties of Polypropylene/Polyolefin Elastomer/Organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Using a β-Nucleating Agent

Abstract In this study the compatibilizer, maleic anhydride/hydroxyethyl acrylate-grafted-polyolefin elastomer (POE-g-MAH/HEA), was utilized in the preparation of polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer/organic nano-montmorillonite (PP/POE/OMMT) nanocomposites with a β-nucleating agent (β-NA) via twin-screw extrusion. The impact of repeated extrusion cycles (up to three) on the properties and structure of the nanocomposites was investigated. The results indicated that the dispersion of the OMMT within the polymer matrix improved with increased extrusion cycles, thereby enhancing the interfacial interactions between the constituents. In addition, the OMMT platelets led to increased crystallinity of the nanocomposites, accompanied by polymer chain degradation. The second extrusion cycle resulted in the nanocomposite with the best melt strength and mechanical properties. Additionally, the three cycles of additional repeated extrusion significantly enhanced the thermal stabilities of the nanocomposites.
Effect of planting methods and row spacings on the growth and development of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.)

The effect of different planting methods (flat, bed, ridge and trench) and row spacings (45, 60 and 75 cm) on the growth, herbage and essential oil yields of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis Linn.) cv 'Kosi' were studied infield experiment on a loamy sand soil at the Research Farm of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India during kharif, 2001. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design having four replications. The results showed that flat planting method produced maximum plant height (105.6 cm), dry herbage (85.0 q/ha) and essential oil (291.6 1/ha) yields and it was at par with bed planting but significantly superior over ridge and trench planting methods. The row spacing of 45 cm resulted in maximum plant height (104.4 cm), dry herbage (85.0 q/ha) and essential oil (282.5 1/ha) yields, which was at par with 60 cm row spacing but significantly superior over 75 cm row spacing. The number of stools per square metre decreased significantly with increase in row spacing from 45 cm (28.8) to 75 cm (25.0). The essential oil content (on dry weight basis) and leaf:stem ratio were not influenced significantly by planting methods and row spacings.
Gated Calcium Ion Channel and Mutation Mechanisms in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

A wide spectrum of Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria has been found resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics in the United States of America during the past decade. Drug-resistant tuberculosis is not yet a major threat in North/South America, Europe, and the Middle East. However, the migration of populations in times of drought, famine, and hostilities may increase the global reach of this ancient pathogen. Given an increased spread from China and India to African countries, drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become an emerging topic of concern for Europe and North America. Due to the dangers associated with the spread of pathogens among different populations, the World Health Organization continues to expand healthcare advisories for therapeutic approaches for both stationary and migrating populations. As much of the literature focuses on endemic to pandemic viruses, we remain concerned that other treatable communicable diseases may be ignored. One such disease is multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. We focus on molecular mechanisms that this pathogen relies upon for the development of multidrug resistance via gene mutation and the evolutionary development of new enzyme and calcium channels.
Vesicolithotomy in 64 Year-Old Male with Giant Bladder Stone at Leona Hospital, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Giant bladder stone is a rare case of urinary tract stones. These cases are strongly related to social economy status. The patient was a 64 year old male with bladder stone with the size of 10,5 cm x 7,5 cm. The patient presented to emergency department with pain on lower abdomen due to severe lower urinary tract symptoms. A hard mass was palpable in suprapubic area. Cystoscopy was performed, followed by vesicolithotomy. Conclusion : Giant bladder stone can be treated by vesicolithotomy preferably following cystoscopy procedure to eliminate the possibility of bladder mass.
CORRELATION BETWEEN LIFE SATISFACTION AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY COHERENCE AMONG BLUE-COLLAR WORKERS – CASE STUDY IN A MALAYSIAN ELECTRONIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY

Introduction. In addition to having a higher risk of more physical and psychological health problems, blue-collar workers form the largest proportion of the workforce in industries. Thus, it is important to ensure their well-being which can have broader benefits for economic growth and society. This study aims at investigating the relationship between subjective well-being, namely life satisfaction and heart rate variability (HRV) coherence as an objective indicator. The second aim is to evaluate whether any differences in HRV coherence across three levels of life satisfaction groups (dissatisfied, neutral, and satisfied) after a brief session of resonant breathing training. Methods. A total of 313 female blue-collar workers from an electronic manufacturing company participated in this study. All participants completed a satisfaction with life scale (SWLS). Their HRV coherences were then recorded at baseline or rest and after attending a brief session of resonant breathing. Results and Analysis. We found a significant correlation between life satisfaction and HRV coherence after the intervention but not at rest, implying a current state of cardiac activity did not reflect workers’ attitudes toward their life. Moreover, less satisfied workers showed greater cardiac coherence improvement than those who perceived more satisfaction in life. Discussion. This finding suggests that brief resonant breathing training can help workers achieve greater HRV coherence which offers its potential as a strategy to combat workplace stressors.
A generalized pivotal quantity approach to portfolio selection

ABSTRACT The major problem of mean–variance portfolio optimization is parameter uncertainty. Many methods have been proposed to tackle this problem, including shrinkage methods, resampling techniques, and imposing constraints on the portfolio weights, etc. This paper suggests a new estimation method for mean–variance portfolio weights based on the concept of generalized pivotal quantity (GPQ) in the case when asset returns are multivariate normally distributed and serially independent. Both point and interval estimations of the portfolio weights are considered. Comparing with Markowitz's mean–variance model, resampling and shrinkage methods, we find that the proposed GPQ method typically yields the smallest mean-squared error for the point estimate of the portfolio weights and obtains a satisfactory coverage rate for their simultaneous confidence intervals. Finally, we apply the proposed methodology to address a portfolio rebalancing problem.
To neglect or to consider? Opportunity cost consideration during product sampling can accelerate satiation

Sampling provides limited experience with an offering to promote its purchase, either now or later. Sampling involves an ongoing choice about whether to buy the sampled option. We propose that ongoing choice feels more like a choice when people consider opportunity costs. Consequently, we predict that opportunity cost consideration will accentuate the impact of ongoing choosing on enjoyment over time of the sampled option (i.e., a slope effect). It follows that when ongoing decision evolves toward not choosing the sampled option today, its negative impact on enjoyment should become more pronounced when people consider their opportunity costs, decreasing overall enjoyment. Studies 1, 2, and 3 provided support for this key prediction. Studies 4 and 5 showed that when the best alternative use of a resource people considered was more attractive, they experienced accelerated satiation from an unchosen sampled option. While previous research showed that opportunity cost consideration accentuated the impact of one ‐ time choice on evaluation (i.e., intercept effect), we showed that it accentuated the impact of ongoing choice on enjoyment over time (i.e., slope effect). We also contribute to the understanding of the factors that increase overall enjoyment of a sampling experience, which should influence future purchase likelihood.
A Multidisciplinary Approach for Type 2 Allergic Diseases: What Do Biologics Teach Us?

Patients with atopic/allergic disorders, including atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis with/without nasal polyps (CRSwNP/CRSsNP), bronchial asthma, food allergy, and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), often share a common genetic background, a type Th2 polarized immune response, and several environmental factors [. ].
On the probability that a random point is the jth nearest neighbour to its own kth nearest neighbour

In a homogeneous Poisson process in R d , consider an arbitrary point X and let Y be its kth nearest neighbour. Denote by Rk the rank of X in the proximity order defined by Y, i.e., Rk = j if X is the jth nearest neighbour to Y. A representation for Rk in terms of a sum of independent random variables is obtained, and the limiting distribution of Rk, as k →∞, is shown to be normal. This result generalizes to mixtures of Poisson processes.
Laboratory X-Ray Astrophysics

▪ Abstract Targeted laboratory astrophysics measurements are being conducted to address the needs of X-ray astronomy. The measurements are producing large sets of reliable atomic data, which include ionization and recombination cross sections for charge balance calculations, as well as line lists, excitation cross sections, and dielectronic recombination rates for interpreting X-ray line formation. Additional experiments focus on resolving specific puzzles posed by astrophysical observations, as well as on calibrating existing and developing new X-ray line diagnostics. We discuss the types of data produced and illustrate how the laboratory measurements support such missions as ASCA, EUVE, Chandra, XMM, and ASTRO-E2.
Psychological Well-Being of Mental Health Nurses in the Time of Covid 19: Systematic Literature Review

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the psychological well-being of nurses is at stake. As nurses, especially mental health nurses, the stressful environment around day-to-day care and additional work in addition to nursing care and inaccuracies in how to cope with problems that arose during the pandemic, left mental health nurses psychologically burdened. The research method used in this study is a systematic approach adopted for the literature review. Databases searched include SCIENCE DIRECT, SCOPUS, SPINGERLINK, TAYLOR & FRANCIS, and WILEY. The search was conducted from September 2022 to December 2022. Strict criteria were given that the study must examine the psychological well-being status of mental health nurses during COVID-19; It must be stated that the mental health nurse in question is a nurse who works in mental health services, including in hospitals and communities; using quantitative and qualitative methods as well as mix methods must be published in English: and the required studies were published in March 2020 to 2022. All 10 articles were included in the review to be assessed for quality. For data analysis, a deductive approach is carried out according to the theory of psychological well-being, and content analysis is carried out, namely grouping categories after the integration of quantitative evidence, qualitative, mixed methods, and then categorial synthesis is carried out. The results of this study stated that the initial search resulted in a total of 7,752 publications, ultimately resulting in 10 studies reviewed, in the form of 6 quantitative studies, 3 mixed methods studies, and 1 qualitative study. Six (6) categories are arranged according to Ryff's theory of psychological well-being: autonomy, environmental mastery, self-development, positive relationships with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. The studies reviewed show that the efforts made by mental health nurses in providing nursing care in accordance with COVID-19 prevention and control programs have shown success in maintaining the psychological well-being status of mental nurses Keyword: COVID-19, Nurse Mental Health, Psychological well-being
Morphometric analysis on erythrocytes of various livestock being reared in the Cholistan desert

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to assess the influence of physiological exposure to erythrocyte indices; the morphometric parameters of the size of erythrocytes, as well as synergistic effects on the erythrocyte spectrum changes in various species being reared in different strip-wasteland conditions. We collected samples from 400 animals from the jugular veins and made 2000 blood smears, sample blood was taken by an expert veterinary doctor and transferred into an EDTA vacutainer. Blood smears were stained through the Pappenheim procedure and slides were photomicrographed under 100x objective. The parameters of morphometry of erythrocytes were largest in cattle after buffalo, sheep, while goats have the lowest one. The influence of age was significant p<0.05. The influence of sex was not significant in Cattle p<0.01, values of a parameter of erythrocytes were higher in young than in adults in sheep, goats, cattle, and buffalo. The size of erythrocytes in males was higher than females in sheep, goat, and buffalo but in cattle values of female erythrocytes were higher than in males. Further, gender, altitude, and age have a profound influence on the morphometric attributes of erythrocytes. It will be helpful in interpreting etiopathogenetic conditions in human beings and other animals.
Evaluation of multiple and multiscale morphological profiles on the classification of hyperspectral image

Hyperspectral data sets with high spatial resolution have been widely used in the research of image classification. The methodology based on the mathematical morphology, which aims at extracting the structure of hyperspectral images, has been implemented. In this method, opening and closing morphological operation used in hyperspectral data in order to retain spatial information of objects. Morphological profiles are established based on opening and closing transforms with structure element of different size. The proper definition of structure elements is the key of extracting morphological features for the image classification. Which kind of structural element is better for image classification. Can be discussed the classification results by setting different structural element to extract morphological features. In the experiments, we have defined four types of structure element to extract spatial features. Later on, the features are fed into a support vector machine (SVM) classifier respectively. The influence of different types of structure elements is judged by the classification accuracy. The experiment results illustrates disk shape of structural element is superior to diamond shape of structural element and the structural elements of large radius is better than the structural elements of small radius.
Maximum likelihood estimation of b values for magnitude grouped data

The b value estimated by fitting a set of observed earthquake magnitudes to the magnitude-frequency relationship, log N ( m ) = a - bm , where N ( m ) = number of earthquakes exceeding magnitude m , is correlated with the fitting technique used. Both so-called interval and cumulative least-squares fits to the formula log N ( m ) = a - bm tend statistically to estimate too low a b value, because they cannot include magnitudes above the maximum observed. Maximum likelihood formulas (Aki, Utsu, and Page) for exact or continuous magnitudes give biased results if they are applied to interval data, with the bias increasing as interval size increases. The bias is small at magnitude intervals Δ m = 0.1, but significant if the formulas are applied to magnitudes which have been recovered from historic intensity data at intervals of 0.6 magnitude unit. Corrections for interval size can be applied to the continuous data formulas to make them equivalent to the formula derived specifically for grouped data (e.g., Karnik, 1971). A simpler form of the grouped data formula is derived here and shows the role of interval size and maximum magnitude on the b value obtained. This paper also shows how, given a population value of b , to calculate the distribution of the estimated b values. Conversely, this paper derives an a posteriori distribution for the population b value, given the magnitudes of an observed set of earthquakes. The distribution of b values fitted by various techniques is illustrated for a number of cases. Several illustrations of probabilistic ground motions calculated for a range of b values show that a small fractional change in the assumed b value can have a substantially larger fractional effect on the ground motion calculated.
Innovation in a conservative region: the Kentish Sermons genitive system1

The early Middle English Kentish Sermons shows a genitive system which is far advanced towards that of Modern English, an unexpected feature for a text from the conservative region of Kent. In this article I describe this genitive system, and examine how it developed. As the text is a translation from French, the question of French influence is central. Following brief descriptions of the sociolinguistic situation in England at the time (section 2) and of the Old English and Old French genitive systems (section 3), in section 4 I describe in detail the genitive system of the Kentish Sermons: genitive forms and functions, as well as the factors which affected their use. In section 5 I compare Kentish Sermon genitive phrases to corresponding phrases in the French original. There is evidence that a particular genitive function was strongly influenced by French models, but the system as a whole has its origins in the transition from Old to Middle English.