Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Barriers in Disaster Mitigation Education in Banyumas Regency

BACKGROUND: Indonesia has very huge natural disaster potential risks. To reduce the impacts of disaster, proper and massive mitigation education toward society is very imperative. Disaster mitigation education has been carried out in both formal and non-formal sectors. While National Disaster Management Agency (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana) has educated the public massively, in formal sector there has been only regulation and guidance from the Ministry of Education. However, its implementation in local areas still encountered many obstacles and challenges, especially in Banyumas regency. AIM: This study aims to explore disaster mitigation process education in Banyumas Regency. METHODS: This qualitative study recruited 11 participants who involved in disaster mitigation process using purposive sampling method. A focus-group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview method were adopted to explore data regarding disaster education. Researchers used a semi-structured interview form consisting of ten questions during the data collection process. Literatures related to disaster mitigation regulations were also critically analyzed. Data were recorded, trancripted, discussed, and categorized manually. RESULTS: As a result, the study revealed two main themes in disaster mitigation education: lack of law enforcement in implementing disaster education and lack of people’s awareness for disaster education. The categories under the themes are disaster education regulation, lack of standardized disaster guideline and curriculum, and lack of disaster education awareness and education approach. CONCLUSION: Educating disaster mitigation through formal education from the early stage is very significant. Substantial matters need to be well constracted are guidelines for implementing disaster education in schools as well as curriculum based on the concepts and implementation, correct construct, and subject matter. Encouraging the awareness of disaster preparedness since an early age is important to instill the right techniques.
Making “invisible architecture” visible: a comparative study of nursing unit typologies in the United States and China

China is engaged in the largest healthcare construction program in history, expecting to build more than 2,000 hospitals and a large number of healthcare facilities at all scale over the next few years. This once-in-a-lifetime construction boom provides a valuable opportunity to rethink Chinese hospital design, and especially to consider how to design modern hospitals that are effective and efficient in delivering care, and are responsive to the cultural needs of the Chinese people as well. This dissertation seeks to rigorously define these issues and develop metrics that link design to key healthcare processes. This study uses a range of concepts and analysis tools drawn from cross-culture organizational communications, evidence-based design, space syntax and other research traditions. This thesis develops and refines metrics for four main drivers of nursing unit design: space economy, staff efficiency, natural light and cultural preferences for communication. Communication among Chinese healthcare workers is strongly influenced by cultural preferences for patterns of authority and decision-making reflected in organizational culture and rooted in Confucian principles of hierarchical social structure (Dengji), social network (Guanxi) and face (Mianzi). While the dissertation builds on a longstanding tradition of research focusing on healthcare space economy and staff efficiency, new measures for cultural preferences are proposed and tested. Based on emerging theories of cross-cultural organizational communication by Hofstede and other scholars, and space syntax, this study particularly explores how cultural preferences for face-to-face communication are reflected in the design of Chinese nursing units. Based on the proposed metrics, the dissertation analyzes six pairs of Chinese and US nursing units, matched on layout type. While the Chinese nursing units appear Western, deeper quantitative analysis of their layouts reveals significant national differences in the application of unit typologies in China when compared to those in the U.S. It shows that Chinese hospital design is rooted in cultural preferences such as for positive energy (qi) based on Fengshui theory, and in Confucian principles of hierarchy, social networking and face.
How large-scale geographic factors affect the different dimensions of functional diversity: evidence from the beech forest herb layer (Apennines, Italy)

Background and aims – The research aim was to investigate the relation between large-scale geographic factors and the functional structure of the herbaceous layer of calcareous beech forests in the Apennines, managed as high forest.Material and methods – We selected 163 plots (20 × 20 m), ranging from Central to South Italy, using a random stratified sampling design. We correlated the effect sizes of traits’ community-weighted means, functional richness, evenness, divergence, dispersion, and Rao’s quadratic entropy, with the main axes of variation in species composition.Key results – The geographical range played a weak role in shaping the species composition of the herbaceous layer. However, we found evidence of functional convergence towards the northern sectors of the study area, where traits linked to resource retention strategies and vegetative spread are filtered. We did not find any evidence of convergence northwards for leaf phenology and pollination types.Conclusion – The increase of the intensity in the environmental stress was associated with a decrease of diversity for traits related to resource conservation strategies and vegetative propagation. On the contrary, the lower cold stress intensity southwards fostered a better niche partitioning, ensuring the coexistence of species with different modalities of resource acquisition and conservation.
Knowledge and awareness of colorectal cancer risk factors, screening, and associated factors in advanced colorectal cancer patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study in China

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common malignancy globally, and its disease burden is increasing rapidly in China. But CRC patients’ knowledge and awareness of CRC have not yet been examined, which could facilitate the identification of targeted population from public for intervention. Methods A nationwide multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted in 19 tertiary hospitals (10 cancer hospitals and 9 general hospitals) from March 2020 to March 2021 in China. During study period, all Stage III and IV CRC patients were invited to complete a semi-structured survey that had been designed to collect information about their socio-demographic characteristics, and knowledge and awareness of CRC risk factors and screening. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with their knowledge and awareness. Results In total, 4,589 advanced CRC patients were enrolled in this study, of whom, 46.2% were from tertiary cancer hospitals, and 59.5% were male. Patients had a mean age of 60.1±11.6 years. Before diagnosis, 65.1% of the patients had no related knowledge of the CRC risk factors, and 84.9% were unaware of the CRC screening-related information. Only 30.4% of patients had actively sought to acquire CRC-related knowledge before diagnosis. The 3 most common knowledge sources were relatives or friends who had been diagnosed with CRC (13.2%), popular science television/broadcast shows (12.9%), and community publicity and education (9.6%). Generally, knowledge and awareness were positively associated with better education level [odds ratios (ORs) ranged from 1.49 to 2.54, P<0.001], annual household income ranged from 50,000 Chinese Yuan (CNY) to 100,000 CNY (OR =1.32, P<0.001), being manual laborer (OR =1.25, P<0.001) and being white-collar worker (OR =1.47, P<0.001). Conclusions Advanced CRC patients’ knowledge and awareness of CRC were severely limited before diagnosis. Thus, those who had limited knowledge and awareness should has a priority for intervention.
Cost Benefit Analysis: Applications and Future Opportunities

Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA or Benefit Cost Analysis — BCA) is an evaluation tool that state transportation agencies can use to compare infrastructure project options across transportation modes and gauge if the discounted value of benefits exceed the costs. CBA lets policymakers compare alternative project proposals to a baseline scenario, or status quo case, under which no investments are made. CBA is used to select which proposal is the most sensible investment — ideally, the project that maximizes benefits while minimizing costs should be chosen. As the use of CBA to evaluate projects and grant applications (e.g., Transportation Investments Generating Economic Recovery (TIGER) Discretionary Grants) continues to grow, state transportation agencies must gain knowledge of CBA methodologies, especially if they want to remain competitive for federal funding. This study documents historical trends in CBA from literature and past studies, provides background on how CBA’s are performed, and describes the purpose and basic function of CBAs. The researchers investigated CBA applications and programs that the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) could potentially use to prioritize projects and identify other investment opportunities. This report serves as a primer on the basic elements of CBA, describes what costs and benefits are typically incorporated into analysis, and gives an overview of the formulas that are used to derive costs and benefits. In the transportation context, most benefits are derived from travel time savings and crash reductions. Typical costs include construction and subsequent maintenance. Researchers developed a simple workbook application that KYTC personnel can use to run a CBA. The workbook calculates present value of costs and benefits and makes both net present value (NPV) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) available to the user.
Predictive Value of Lymphocyte-Related Blood Parameters of before Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansin Treatment in Breast Cancer

Objective: Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine ( TDM1) has been used in the treatment of HER2 metastatic breast cancer after FDA approval as an antibody-drug conjugate. Some markers may be predictive for clinician in the management of this TDM1 therapy. There is a need for simple and cost-effective markers to show the treatment response. The primary aim of this study is to establish a correlation between progression free survival and pre-treatment hematological inflammatory parameters [absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR)] in advance breast cancer. Methods: Forty-one female patients with metastatic HER-2 positive breast cancer who received TDM-1 between 2016 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. NLR and PLR were calculated with the values of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and trombocytes in complete blood count at the time of diagnosis. The cut off values of NLR and PLR were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) associated with prior treatment NLR, PLR, ALC were performed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Median age was 49.5 years years (26-76). Patients divided into 2 groups according to NLR cut-off and TLR cutoff values as NLR/TLR high and low groups. The cut-off values of NLR and TLR were 144.0, and 2.74, respectively. ALC divided into 2 groups. There was no significant difference in OS between NLR ,PLR,ALC (high/low) groups. (p=0.04, 0.15, 0.53 respectively). There was only significant difference in PFS (high/low) groups. (p=0.81, 0.99, 0.96 respectively). Conclusions: The predictive value of pre-treatment only NLR on the therapeutic potential in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with TDM1.
Gilteritinib Combined with Azacitidine as Salvage Therapy for B/Myeloid Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia

Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a rare group of acute leukemias with blasts that co-express antigens of more than one lineage or separate populations of blasts of different lineages. Though treatment guidelines are not well established, the standard of care in treating MPAL remains the acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)-derived chemotherapeutic regimen of hyper-cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin (also known by its trade name, Adriamycin), and dexamethasone (CVAD) followed by allogeneic stem-cell transplant (ASCT). Beyond induction chemotherapy, evidence-based treatments remain to be investigated, especially regarding patients who relapse prior to ASCT. This case report illustrates a patient with relapsed MPAL following induction hyper-CVAD who was not immediately eligible for ASCT. After brief treatment with gilteritinib alone, the patient was started on gilteritinib and azacitidine as salvage therapy and achieved and maintained complete remission with incomplete count recovery (CRi) for eight months. Targeted therapy is a novel approach to improve survival rate, but unfortunately, there have been very few studies in the context of MPAL. We report a patient with relapsed FLT3-mutant MPAL who achieved remission using a combination approach with targeted therapy.
The Osteology of Ferrodraco lentoni, an Anhanguerid Pterosaur from the Mid-Cretaceous of Australia

ABSTRACT Ferrodraco lentoni, an anhanguerid from the Upper Cretaceous Winton Formation of northeast Australia, is the most complete Australian pterosaur described to date, represented by a partial cranium, incomplete cervical series and wing elements. Herein we present a comprehensive osteological description of Ferrodraco, as well as an emended diagnosis for this taxon. In addition, we compare Ferrodraco with other isolated pterosaur remains from Australian Cretaceous deposits. Subtle, yet salient, differences indicate that at least three of these specimens, all derived from the upper Albian Toolebuc Formation, are distinct from Ferrodraco. However, we are uncertain whether these specimens are attributable to Mythunga camara, Aussiedraco molnari, Thapunngaka shawi, or an as yet un-named taxon. Detailed description of the postcranial material of Ferrodraco also provides an opportunity to reassess its phylogenetic position. In one analysis, Ferrodraco and Mythunga are resolved as sister taxa within Tropeognathinae, whereas in another, Ferrodraco, Mythunga, and Tropeognathus form a polytomy within Coloborhynchinae. Either way, these slight differences notwithstanding, a close relationship between Ferrodraco and Mythunga is evident, supporting the interpretation that they form a clade. By contrast, Aussiedraco molnari is resolved as a member of Targaryendraconia, a clade with a cosmopolitan distribution. The presence of several anhanguerian taxa or lineages in the late Early and early Late Cretaceous of northeast Australia is suggestive of even greater diversity in the Australian pterosaur fauna.
Topic Initiation in Conversation-for-Learning: Developmental and Pedagogical Perspectives

Kim, Younhee. (2017). Topic initiation in conversation-for-learning: Developmental and pedagogical perspectives. English Teaching, 72(1), 73-103. The study examines interactional practices for initiating topic in naturally occurring conversation using Conversation Analysis (Button & Casey, 1984, 1985, 1988-1989 to name a few) as a methodological tool. The data of the current study is comprised of 14 hours of conversation-for-learning (Kasper & Kim, 2015) data between one American graduate student and two Korean adolescent ESL learners. It is longitudinal data where the participants have met every two weeks over the period of nine months. Between the two typical sequential environments where topic shift occurs, the current study focuses on boundaried topical movement as opposed to stepwise topical movement. The study first presents a range of practices used to initiate topic at topic-bounding sequential environments as reported in L1 English speaker conversation, including topic initial elicitors, itemized news inquiry and news announcement. Then, the study shows how participants’ relative knowledge and estimated right to the knowledge of the news/topic significantly figure in the design of topic initiation. Lastly, the study provides a developmental picture of the focal L2 learner’s topic initiating practice along the timeline and concludes with some pedagogical implications.
Soft-switching single-stage three-level power amplifier for high-voltage audio distribution systems

An isolated fully soft-switching single-stage three-level power amplifier (SS3L) based on dual auxiliary networks (DAN) is proposed in this Letter. Compared with the conventional class-D power amplifier, the proposed DAN-SS3L achieves high level of integration without bulky dc link capacitor, and high-efficiency by single-stage conversion and zero voltage switching for all the switches under different operating conditions from light load to full load, which is suitable for high-voltage audio distribution systems. By adopting active auxiliary network, the energy stored in the leakage inductor can be recycled, which eliminates the pulse width modulation voltage spikes. The passive auxiliary network provides enough reactive current for primary-side switches, extending soft-switching range. In addition, commutation overlap strategy is employed to enable natural commutation of bidirectional switches. Experimental results of a 200 W prototype are presented to verify the analysis results.
Integration of an AI-Based Platform and Flipped Classroom Instructional Model

This article aims to evaluate a flipped class teaching model based on an AI (artificial intelligence) Language Learning Platform. The platform adopts mainstream collaborative filtering and BPMF (Bayesian Probabilistic Matrix Factorization) and big data management methods to provide students’ detailed performance analysis reports and push recommendation exercises. The researcher reconciled the flipped teaching model with the AI-based language learning platforming in an experimental class and conventionally in a control class. At the end of the semester, the researcher compared students’ performance as well as their attitudes toward the course between the two classes through a postexam paper and a questionnaire. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, the survey shows that although the AI-based language learning mode failed to significantly increase students’ English listening scores, compared with the students in the traditional class, those receiving the new mode held a more positive attitude toward their English listening experience, especially in regard to learning interest, study autonomy, and class involvement. The flipped class mode not only relieved students’ partial cognitive processing workloads in class, but also boosted their confidence to engage in classroom discussion by reducing their nervousness through before-class preview. The AI-based language learning platform mainly performs monitoring and tutoring functions which facilitate the flipped class instruction. This study proposes a new flipped teaching model and proves it effective, indicating that for the flipped class learning mode to be successful, it is of importance to integrate face-to-face classroom instruction with the AI-technology-assisted online learning experience in a way that they can coherently support each other.
Enhancing Apprentice Training Through Supervision of Work Experience

ENHANCING APPRENTICE TRAINING THROUGH SUPERVISION OF WORK EXPERIENCE J. Scott Christman Old Dominion University Director: Dr. John M. Ritz To remain globally competitive, U.S. companies need to consider new strategies for developing a workforce. The apprenticeship model has been identified as a viable solution for companies to invest. The problem of this study was to determine if an apprenticeship experience was enhanced by the type o f supervision given during the work-related component of a program. To aid current and potential companies offering apprenticeship programs, this study identified a population of apprentices ( N 877), tracked them from entry into the program until five years after graduating, and analyzed their outcomes relative to program completion, academic GPA, work-related GPA, company longevity, and company promotion between those apprentices that were supervised under three unique supervision conditions. Finding significant differences between supervision type relative to completion, academic and work-related GPA’s, and promotion, the study concluded that the apprenticeship experience was enhanced by the type o f supervision given during the work-related component o f the program. DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my family. First and foremost to my wife Beatriz, without your patience and understanding this accomplishment could never have happened. Thank you for always being on board with all the crazy ideas I propose. May we forever continue creating lasting memories together. To my daughter, Aura, thank you for being such a wonderful daughter. As is the word of the Lord in Psalm 127:3, God truly blessed me with a gift when you entered my life. May you have gained the audacity to think big and reach high for your own dreams and aspirations by witnessing me conquer this milestone in my life. And finally, to my mom and dad, Phyllis and Ray, you gave me the single most important element parents can give a child love. Thank you for working hard, going to church, always doing things together, and showing me the way to live a successful life. Rest assured, I will do the same with my family. J. Scott Christman
Malignant Transformation Rate of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic progressive condition affecting the oral cavity, oropharynx and upper third of the oesophagus. It is a potentially malignant disorder. The authors collated and analysed the existing literature to establish the overall malignant transformation rate (MTR). A retrospective analysis of medical and dental scientific literature using online indexed databases was conducted for the period 1956 to 2021. The quality of the enrolled studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A meta-analysis using a random effects model of a single proportion was performed along with statistical tests for heterogeneity. The overall proportion of malignancy across all studies was 0.06 (95% CI, 0.02–0.10), indicating an overall 6% risk of malignant transformation across all studies and cohorts. Sub-group analyses revealed strong differences in proportion of malignancy according to ethnicity/cohort; Chinese = 0.02 (95% CI 0.01–0.02), Taiwanese = 0.06 (95% CI, 0.03–0.10), Indian = 0.08 (95% CI, 0.03–0.14) and Pakistani = 0.27 (95% CI 0.25–0.29). Overall, the MTR was 6%; however, wide heterogeneity of the included studies was noted. Geographic variations in MTR were noted but were not statistically significant. Further studies are required to analyse the difference between cohort groups.