Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Senior High School Business Teachers in the Central Region, Ghana

The study explored business teachers’ level of Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) in Senior High Schools in the Central Region of Ghana and examined the differences in teachers’ level of TPACK on the basis of some demographic variables using the mixed methods approach. The study used descriptive survey design. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 248 business teachers. Questionnaire was used to gather quantitative data. Mean and standard deviation were used to examine business teachers’ level of TPACK. Moreover, Independent samples t-test was used to examine whether differences exist in teachers’ TPACK and gender. One-way (ANOVA) was also used to examine whether differences exist in teachers’ TPACK based on age. The finding showed that teachers possessed higher Content, Pedagogical and Pedagogical Content Knowledge and moderate Technological Knowledge, Technological Content Knowledge, Technological Pedagogical Knowledge and TPACK. The study found that there was statistically significant difference in teachers’ TK, TCK and gender in favour of the male teachers. The study concluded that teachers’ high content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical knowledge suggests that teachers seem to focus much on developing these knowledge to the neglect of other vital contemporary skills such the use of technology. This was evident in their moderate level of technological knowledge, technological pedagogical knowledge, technological content knowledge and technological pedagogical content knowledge. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education through Ghana Education Service and Government should organise refresher courses for in-service teachers to learning the use of technology in teaching.
Susceptibilities and fluctuations in a Quark-Hadron System with Dynamical Recombination

Within the framework of the dynamical recombination approach implemented in the partonic/hadronic quark Molecular Dynamics (qMD) model, we investigate numerous QGP signals constructed from the correlations and fluctuations of conserved charges, namely charged particle ratio fluctuations, charge transfer fluctuations as well as various ratios of susceptibilities. We argue that more generally, the covariances and the variances of the conserved charges divided by the number of charged particles are a measure of the quark number susceptibilities and are thus sensitive to the phase of the system. Computations carried within samples of central qMD events from low AGS energies on ($E_{lab}=2$ AGeV) up to the highest RHIC energies available ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV) show that the final state calculations are always compatible with the hadronic result. From analyses performed as a function of time with our sample of events at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV, we find the recombination-like hadronization process the qMD system undergoes to be responsible for the vanishing of the early stage QGP correlations and fluctuations. These results might explain the compatibility of the measurements on charged particle ratio fluctuations with the hadronic expectations and leave no room for the experimental observation of any QGP fluctuation/correlation signals based upon the susceptibilities of the conserved charges.
Rapid distortion analysis of compressible turbulence in ideal gas: Part 2 - Density averaged moments

Submitted for the DFD06 Meeting of The American Physical Society Rapid distortion analysis of compressible turbulence in ideal gas: Part 2 Density averaged moments SAWAN SUMAN, HUIDAN YU, SHARATH GIRIMAJI, TUCKER LAVIN, Aerospace Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3141 — We perform rapid distortion analysis of linearized, inviscid Favre-averaged Navier Stokes equation. This study Favre-averaged Rapid Distortion Theory (F-RDT)investigates the evolution of density weighted fluctuating moments. The fluid is assumed to be an ideal gas. The F-RDT formulation comprises of a closed set of 65 ordinary differential equations for the case of homogenous mean shear field. With S / RT̃ as compressibility parameter (S =magnitude of mean shear, R =gas constant, T̃ =density weighted mean temperature), the versatility of the formulation is demonstrated by recovering both the incompressible and Burgers limit behaviors. Results for several intermediate cases-between the above two extreme limits-are also obtained. Favre-averaged Reynolds stresses, temperature variance, density variance and various cross-correlations will be discussed. Sharath Girimaji Aerospace Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3141 Date submitted: 04 Aug 2006 Electronic form version 1.4
The Significance of Pets for Vulnerable Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Explorative Qualitative Study

Simple Summary Pets may reduce the negative impact of COVID-19 countermeasures, such as social isolation in older adults receiving long-term care at home. To better understand the significance of pets for older adults in long-term care during the pandemic, we conducted interviews with five older adults in long-term care at home and with four family caregivers. All participants reported having negative experiences during COVID-19 countermeasures. The results suggest that pets were a source of structure and stability for pet owners. The study showed that pets played an important role in the lives of older adults in long-term care at home both before and during the pandemic. Abstract Older adults receiving long-term care at home (LTCH-clients) were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and its countermeasures. Previous research suggests that pets can mitigate some of the pandemic’s impacts for older adults but results are contradictory. Our aim was to investigate experiences of LTCH-clients and the significance of their pets during the pandemic. Accounting for saturation, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five LTCH-clients and four family caregivers of LTCH-clients with dementia. Participants were asked about their experiences with COVID-19 and the significance of LTCH-clients’ pets during the pandemic. Two researchers performed thematic analyses in ATLAS.ti using open coding and an iterative–inductive approach. All participants reported negative experiences as a result of COVID-19 countermeasures. Results suggested that caring for pets provided pet owners with structure, which may have contributed to a sense of stability and continuity. Our outcomes underlined an important role of pets for LTCH-clients both before and during the pandemic.
Gender, party and performance in the 2020 New Zealand general election: politicking on Facebook with Jacinda and Judith

New Zealand’s 2020 General Election campaign was unusual, though not unprecedented, in featuring women as both Prime Minister (Jacinda Ardern, Labour) and Leader of the Opposition (Judith Collins, National). To explore the extent to which gender, party and style intersected in their social media positioning, we analysed all posts made on the two Party Leaders’ public Facebook pages. We found both quantitative (post frequency and composition, main topic and policy issues, audience reactions) and qualitative differences (tone, presentational style) but importantly, our research suggests that neither woman ‘performed’ gender in normatively stereotypical ways.
Quantification of Gait Stability During Incline and Decline Walking: The Responses of Required Coefficient of Friction and Dynamic Postural Index

This study aims to investigate the gait stability response during incline and decline walking for various surface inclination angles in terms of the required coefficient of friction (RCOF), postural stability index (PSI), and center of pressure (COP)–center of mass (COM) distance. A customized platform with different surface inclinations (0°, 5°, 7.5°, and 10°) was designed. Twenty-three male volunteers participated by walking on an inclined platform for each inclination. The process was then repeated for declined platform as well. Qualysis motion capture system was used to capture and collect the trajectories motion of ten reflective markers that attached to the subjects before being exported to a visual three-dimensional (3D) software and executed in Matlab to obtain the RCOF, PSI, as well as dynamic PSI (DPSI) and COP-COM distance parameters. According to the result for incline walking, during initial contact, the RCOF was not affected to inclination. However, it was affected during peak ground reaction force (GRF) starting at 7.5° towards 10° for both walking conditions. The most affected PSI was found at anterior-posterior PSI (APSI) even as low as 5° inclination during both incline and decline walking. On the other hand, DPSI was not affected during both walking conditions. Furthermore, COP-COM distance was most affected during decline walking in anterior-posterior direction. The findings of this research indicate that in order to decrease the risk of falling and manage the inclination demand, a suitable walking strategy and improved safety measures should be applied during slope walking, particularly for decline and anterior-posterior orientations. This study also provides additional understanding on the best incline walking technique for secure and practical incline locomotion.
Joint 3D modelling of the polarized Galactic synchrotron and thermal dust foreground diffuse emission

Aims. We present for the first time a coherent model of the polarized Galactic synchrotron and thermal dust emissions that are likely to form the predominant diffuse foregrounds for measuring the polarized CMB fluctuations by the Planck satellite mission. Methods. We produced 3D models of the Galactic magnetic field including regular and turbulent components, and of the distribution of matter in the Galaxy including relativistic electron and dust grain components. By integrating along the line of sight, we constructed maps of the polarized Galactic synchrotron and thermal dust emission for each of these models and compared them to currently available data. We consider the 408 MHz all-sky continuum survey, the 23 GHz band of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, and the 353 GHz Archeops data. Results. The best-fit parameters obtained are consistent with previous estimates in the literature based only on synchrotron emission and pulsar rotation measurements and this allows us to reproduce the large-scale features observed in the data. Unmodeled local Galactic structures and the effect of turbulence make it difficult to accurately reconstruct observations in the Galactic plane. Conclusions. Finally, using the best-fit model we are able to estimate the expected polarized foreground contamination at the Planck frequency bands. For the CMB bands, 70, 100, 143 and 217 GHz, at high Galactic latitudes although the CMB signal dominates in general, a significant foreground contribution is expected at large angular scales. In particular, this contribution will dominate the CMB signal for the B modes expected from realistic models of a background of primordial gravitational waves.
Observation for the feasibility of a bile duct biopsy technique using a loop-tip guidewire during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Endoscopists frequently have difficulty approaching biliary lesions using biopsy forceps. The aim of this study was not only to describe an easy technique for biliary biopsy assisted by a looped guidewire but also to present preliminary results regarding its safety and feasibility. A preliminary proof-of-concept study was performed at a single tertiary medical center. Between August 2019 and January 2020, 13 patients with bile duct strictures underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with a new loop guidewire-assisted forceps approach technique. The efficacy and safety were evaluated using the success rate as the primary outcome and diagnostic yield and complication rates as secondary outcomes. The tissue sampling success rate was 100% (13/13). All samples were acceptable for histopathological analysis. Eleven specimens were confirmed to be adenocarcinomas. After reexamination of the remaining 2 patients, all cases were eventually diagnosed as being malignant. The sensitivity of the single procedure was 84.6% (11/13). There were 2 patients with mild hyperamylasemia, but there were no severe complications with respect to safety. This new technique could enhance the success rate and diagnostic yield and reduce the risk of failure when using the biopsy forceps approach during ERCP.
Star Formation in Molecular Clouds

Stars and star clusters form by gravoturbulent fragmentation of interstellar gas clouds. The supersonic turbulence ubiquitously observed in Galactic molecular gas generates strong density fluctuations with gravity taking over in the densest and most massive regions. Collapse sets in to build up stars.Turbulence plays a dual role. On global scales it provides support, while at the same time it can promote local collapse. Stellar birth is thus intimately linked to the dynamical behavior of parental gas cloud, which governs when and where protostars form, and how they contract and grow in mass via accretion from the surrounding cloud material. The thermodynamic behavior of the star forming gas plays a crucial part in this process and influences the stellar mass function as well as the dynamic properties of the nascent stellar cluster.This lecture provides a critical review of our current understanding of stellar birth and compares observational data with competing theoretical models.
Small-Group Investigation of the True Goals Curriculum With Elementary and Middle School Students: A Randomized Control Study

To explore the impact of the True Goals (TG) school counseling curriculum on important constructs related to school success for students, we conducted two studies: one with elementary and middle school students and the other with high school students. In this, the first of the two studies, 43 students in Grades 4 through 7 participated in the intervention delivered by two school counselor trainees, across two schools in one school district in the Southwest region of the United States. The study used a waitlist control design with a randomized assignment to intervention and control groups to assess the impact of the TG small-group intervention on (a) students’ goal-setting skills; (b) students’ academic self-regulation; and (c) teachers’ rating of students’ motivation, self-knowledge, self-direction, and relationships. Results indicated that students in the treatment group showed significantly higher scores in motivation, self-knowledge, self-direction, and relationship skills than students in the control group, with a large effect size. Please refer to the second study for information on the impact of TG on a high school population.
Beauty, educational prestige and vote choice in Indonesia: an experimental study

ABSTRACT This article investigates how young voters make political choices in the absence of adequate information about the candidates they will vote for. Under conditions of low information, voters often use whatever cues they see in the ballot paper to help them make decisions in a short time. This mental process is known as heuristics. Using online experimental methods with two-by-two factorial design, this study examines two forms of heuristics that young voters can use in their political decisions, namely, candidates’ appearance and their academic degrees. The results show that only the candidates’ academic attainment has a significant effect on the voting preferences of young voters. This academic degree primarily affects voters’ intention to vote. However, neither academic titles nor beautiful faces have any effect on voters’ willingness to recommend the candidates to others, engage in their campaigns, or contribute to their campaign finances.
Optimal Pricing For MHR and lambda-Regular Distributions

We study the performance of anonymous posted-price selling mechanisms for a standard Bayesian auction setting, where n bidders have i.i. d. valuations for a single item. We show that for the natural class of Monotone Hazard Rate (MHR) distributions, offering the same, take-it-or-leave-it price to all bidders can achieve an (asymptotically) optimal revenue. In particular, the approximation ratio is shown to be 1 + O(ln lnn/lnn), matched by a tight lower bound for the case of exponential distributions. This improves upon the previously best-known upper bound of e/(e − 1) ≈ 1.58 for the slightly more general class of regular distributions. In the worst case (over n), we still show a global upper bound of 1.35. We give a simple, closed-form description of our prices which, interestingly enough, relies only on minimal knowledge of the prior distribution, namely just the expectation of its second-highest order statistic. Furthermore, we extend our techniques to handle the more general class of λ-regular distributions that interpolate betweenMHR (λ = 0) and regular (λ = 1). Our anonymous pricing rule now results in an asymptotic approximation ratio that ranges smoothly, with respect to λ, from 1 (MHR distributions) to e/(e − 1) (regular distributions). Finally, we explicitly give a class of continuous distributions that provide matching lower bounds, for every λ.
RESIDENCE TIMES OF PARTICLES IN DIFFUSIVE PROTOPLANETARY DISK ENVIRONMENTS. II. RADIAL MOTIONS AND APPLICATIONS TO DUST ANNEALING

The origin of crystalline grains in comets and the outer regions of protoplanetary disks remains a mystery. It has been suggested that such grains form via annealing of amorphous precursors in the hot, inner region of a protoplanetary disk, where the temperatures needed for such transformations were found, and were then transported outward by some dynamical means. Here we develop a means of tracking the paths that dust grains would have taken through a diffusive protoplanetary disk and examine the types and ranges of environments that particles would have seen over a 106 yr time period in the dynamic disk. We then combine this model with three annealing laws to examine how the dynamic evolution of amorphous grains would have led to their physical restructuring and their delivery to various regions of the disk. It is found that “sibling particles”—those particles that reside at the same location at a given period of time—take a wide range of unique and independent paths through the disk to arrive there. While high temperatures can persist in the disk for very long time periods, we find that those grains that are delivered to the cold outer regions of the disk are largely annealed in the first few ×105 yr of disk history. This suggests that the crystallinity of grains in the outer disk would be determined early and remain unchanged for much of disk history, in agreement with recent astronomical observations.
SUBMILLIMETER POLARIZATION OF GALACTIC CLOUDS: A COMPARISON OF 350 μm AND 850 μm DATA

The Hertz and SCUBA polarimeters, working at 350 μm and 850 μm, respectively, have measured the polarized emission in scores of Galactic clouds. Of the clouds in each data set, 17 were mapped by both instruments with good polarization signal-to-noise ratios. We present maps of each of these 17 clouds comparing the dual-wavelength polarization amplitudes and position angles at the same spatial locations. In total number of clouds compared, this is a four-fold increase over previous work. Across the entire data set real position angle differences are seen between wavelengths. While the distribution of ϕ(850)–ϕ(350) is centered near zero (near-equal angles), 64% of data points with high polarization signal-to-noise (P ⩾ 3σp) have |ϕ(850)–ϕ(350)| > 10°. Of those data with small changes in position angle (⩽10°) the median ratio of the polarization amplitudes is P(850)/P(350) = 1.7 ± 0.6. This value is consistent with previous work performed on smaller samples and models that require mixtures of different grain properties and polarization efficiencies. Along with the polarization data we have also compiled the intensity data at both wavelengths; we find a trend of decreasing polarization with increasing 850-to-350 μm intensity ratio. All the polarization and intensity data presented here (1699 points in total) are available in electronic format.
Distilling momentum-space entanglement in Luttinger liquids at finite temperature

While much is known about the entanglement characteristics of ground states, the properties of reduced thermal density matrices have received significantly less attention. Here we investigate the entanglement content of reduced thermal density matrices for momentum-space bipartitioning in Luttinger liquids using analytical and numerical methods. The low lying part of its spectrum contains an "entanglement gap", which persists up to temperatures comparable to the level spacing. With increasing temperature, the low energy modes acquire dispersion and resemble to those in the physical Hamiltonian with an enhanced effective temperature. The momentum-space entanglement is carried by high energy modes (compared to temperature), featuring a completely flat spectrum. The von-Neumann entropy increases with temperature with a universal Sommerfeld coefficient. The momentum-space entanglement Hamiltonian turns out to be as universal as the physical Hamiltonian.
Variational wave functions for the S = 1 / 2 Heisenberg model on the anisotropic triangular lattice: Spin liquids and spiral orders

By using variational wave functions and quantum Monte Carlo techniques, we investigate the complete phase diagram of the Heisenberg model on the anisotropic triangular lattice, where two out of three bonds have superexchange couplings J and the third one has instead J'. This model interpolates between the square lattice and the isotropic triangular one, for J'/J <= 1, and between the isotropic triangular lattice and a set of decoupled chains, for J/J' <= 1. We consider all the fully symmetric spin liquids that can be constructed with the fermionic projective-symmetry group classification (Zhou and Wen, arXiv:cond-mat/0210662) and we compare them with the spiral magnetic orders that can be accommodated on finite clusters. Our results show that, for J'/J <= 1, the phase diagram is dominated by magnetic orderings, even though a spin-liquid state may be possible in a small parameter window, i.e., 0.7<~ J'/J <~ 0.8. In contrast, for J/J' <= 1, a large spin-liquid region appears close to the limit of decoupled chains, i.e., for J/J' <~ 0.6, while magnetically ordered phases with spiral order are stabilized close to the isotropic point.
‘Foodstagramming’ in early 20th-century postcards: a transhistorical perspective

Introduced in 1907, the ‘real photo’ postcard destabilized the boundaries between private and public life, enabling people to perform identity in ways that anticipate contemporary social media practices. In this visual essay, the author explores one particular phenomenon – the sharing of food – drawing comparisons with ‘foodstagramming’ in terms of its compositional structure, social objectives and communicative functions. In doing so, she challenges the supposed novelty of modes of self-presentation on social media, embedding them in a broader historical trajectory.