Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF INTENSE LASER-PLASMA INTERACTION USING AN EULERIAN VLASOV

An eulerian code is used for the numerical solution of the one-dimensional relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell equations to study laser-plasma interaction, in the strongly relativistic regime [1]. The code applies a numerical scheme based on a two-dimensional advection technique, of second order accuracy in time-step, where the value of the distribution function is advanced in time by interpolating in two dimensions along the characteristics using a tensor product of cubic B-splines [2]. Both electrons and ions are included in the simulation. Non-periodic boundary conditions are used. At low laser intensities, in the weakly relativistic regimes, the instabilities reduce to Raman instabilities in which the electromagnetic (EM) wave decays into a resonant plasma wave and Stokes and also antiStokes waves. Recently, different couplings have been also discussed for intense laser lights [3,4], which include electron acoustic waves whose frequency is below the plasma frequency. In the present work, we consider the case of an intense pump of circularly polarized EM wave, with a quiver momentum 5 . 0 / 0 ? c m p a e osc . The electrons are brought deeply to relativistic quiver velocities by interacting with the wave field, and laser light is subject to regimes of instabilities where the Fourier modes are strongly coupled. The relevant equations The one-dimensional Vlasov equations for the electron distribution function ) , , ( t p x f xe e and
Influence of thinning on soil fertility in artificial forests

The influence of thinning on soil fertilities in artificial forests of Cunning hamia lanceolata,Pinus massoniana,Fokienia hodginsii,Cryptomeria fortunei and Schima superba were studied.Thinning after two years reduced crown density o f plantation stands,improved habitat conditions in plantations,promoted growth o f native vegetation under plantations,increased understory cover degree,biomass and species richness.The more the thinning intensity,the more the effects.Compar ing with no thinning plantation stands,the thinning plantation stands increased soil microbe quantities,strengthened soil enzyme activities,decreased bulk dens ity,enhanced soil total porosity degree and available nutrients,improved soil fe rtilities after two years.The mechanism that thinning improves soil fertility is that the increased understory biodiversity after thinning enhances the increasi ng of quantity and diversity of soil microbe,and therefore,strengthens bioactivi ty of soil,accelerates nutrient cycling of soil.
Assessing French inflation persistence with impulse saturation break tests and automatic general-to-specific modelling

This article has three different motivations. Firstly, we wish to contribute to the debate on whether French inflation has been persistent since the mid-eighties. Empirical evidence in this domain has been mixed. We use the standard method of testing for breaks in the mean of the inflation series to conclude whether possible unit root findings are the result of neglected breaks. Then, we build standard autoregressive representations of inflation, using an automatic general-to-specific approach. We conclude against inflation persistence in the sample period, and the point estimates of persistence we obtain are several percentage points below those achieved with other break tests and model selection methods. Moreover, our final model is congruent. Secondly, we provide the first empirical application of the new impulse saturation break test. The resulting estimates of the break dates are in line with other literature findings and have a sound economic meaning, confirming the good performance the test had revealed in theoretical and simulation studies. Finally, we also illustrate the shortcomings of the Bai–Perron test when applied to a small sample with high serial correlation. Indeed, we show the Bai–Perron break dates’ estimates would not allow us to build a congruent autoregressive representation of inflation.
Computational modeling of angiogenesis: towards a multi-scale understanding of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions

Combined with in vitro and in vivo experiments, mathematical and computational modeling are key to unraveling how mechanical and chemical signaling by endothelial cells coordinates their organization into capillary-like tubes. While in vitro and in vivo experiments can unveil the effects of for example environmental changes or gene knockouts, computational models provide a way to formalize and understand the mechanisms underlying these observations. This chapter reviews recent computational approaches to model angiogenesis, and discusses the insights they provide in the mechanisms of angiogenesis. We introduce a new cell-based computational model of an in vitro assay of angiogenic sprouting from endothelial monolayers in fibrin matrices. Endothelial cells are modeled by the Cellular Potts Model, combined with continuum descriptions to model haptotaxis and proteolysis of the extracellular matrix. The computational model demonstrates how a variety of cellular structural properties and behaviors determine the dynamics of tube formation. We aim to extend this model to a multi∗ these authors contributed equally to this work Sonja E.M. Boas Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology/Netherlands Institute for Systems Biology, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands, e-mail: S.E.M.Boas@cwi.nl Margriet M. Palm Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology/Netherlands Institute for Systems Biology, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands, e-mail: M.M. Palm@cwi.nl Pieter Koolwijk VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7 Amsterdam, e-mail: P.Koolwijk@vumc.nl Roeland M.H. Merks Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Consortium for Systems Biology/Netherlands Institute for Systems Biology, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands, e-mail: R.M.H.Merks@cwi.nl
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Spermatogenic failure . A genetic

t Background d Thee aetiology of impaired spermatogenesis is unknown in the majority of cases. Evidence of aa contribution of genetic factors is still scarce. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess whetherr male factor subfertility due to impaired spermatogenesis has a familial component andd to test different genetic models of inheritance. Methods s Casess were all men with severe idiopathic impaired spermatogenesis attending our fertility clinicc from January 1998 until December 2001. Controls were all men with normozoospermiaa attending our fertility clinic in the same period. Family data were collectedd from the medical records and by additional interviews of the probands. If subfertilityy of a first-degree relative was mentioned, permission was sought to contact the affectedd family member in order to obtain all medical information available, including the resultss of semen analyses. Results s Inn total, 160 patients and 285 controls were included in the analysis. Family size and number off brothers and sisters were equally distributed in both groups. In the patient group, 16.3% off the brothers who had tried to father a child were mentioned to be subfertile compared to 5.8%% in the control group (OR 3.18 (95% CI 1.59-6.37)). The subfertility among the brothers inn the patient group was more often due to reduced semen parameters compared to the controll group. The data did not fit with frequent autosomal dominant or recessive segregation. Conclusion n Malee factor subfertility due to impaired spermatogenesis appears to cluster in families. Our dataa suggests that heritable genetic factors play a role in a limited number of cases. Impairedd spermatogenesis is not caused by a common genetic defect, but is most likely a complexx disease in which several different factors play a role.
2 Solar System Abundances of the Elements

2.2. 1 Abundances of the Elements in the Solar Nebula 15 2.2. 1.1 Historical Remarks 15 2.2. 1.2 Solar System Abundances of the Elements 16 2.2. 1.2. 1 Is the solar nebula compositionally uniform? 16 2.2. 1.2.2 The composition of the solar photosphere 17 2.2. 1.3 Abundances of Elements in Meteorites 19 2.2. 1.3. 1 Differentiated and undifferentiated meteorites 19 2.2. 1.3. 2 Cosmochemical classification of elements 19 2.2. 1.4 CI Chondrites as the Standard for Solar Abundances 21 2.2. 1.4. 1 Chemical variations among chondritic meteorites 21 2.2. 1.4. 2 CI chondrites 24 2.2. 1.4. 3 The CI chondrite abundance table 25 2.2. 1.5 Solar System Abundances of the Elements 28 2.2. 1.5. 1 Comparison of meteorite and solar abundances 28 2.2. 1.5. 2 Solar system abundances versus mass number 30 2.2. 1.5. 3 Other sources for solar system abundances 30 2.2.2 The Abundances of the Elements in the ISM 31 2.2.2.
Four Years After Expansion: Are Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland Closer to Core or Periphery of EMU?

In this paper we try to check readiness of three Central and Eastern Europe countries, Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, to introduce European single currency, euro. As a background in the macroeconomic field we use Optimal Currency Area Theory and in the mathematical field three procedures and models: Stock and Watson unobserved component model, spectral and cross-spectral analysis and cluster analysis. Achieved results allow us to state that four years after EU expansion three new countries are rather similar to EMU periphery countries like Italy, Portugal, Spain and Greece than to EMU core economies like Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany France and Netherlands.
Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage Improves Quality of Life in Advanced Gallbladder Cancer with Obstructive Jaundice: a Holistic Assessment

Advanced gallbladder cancers (GBC) with jaundice are mostly inoperable with poor outcomes. Palliation of jaundice by biliary drainage is the mainstay of treatment. This study aims to assess the improvement in quality of life (QOL) after PTBD in inoperable GBC with jaundice. We included 97 patients with advanced GBC and jaundice who underwent successful PTBD. Two validated hepatobiliary-specific QOL indices, namely European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life BIL21 (EORTC QLQ BIL21) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACTHEP) version 4, were used. QOL scores were assessed at baseline and 1 and 3 months post-drainage. The changes in QOL indices between various time periods were objectively analyzed. Mean FACT-HEP overall scores improved from 69 ± 7.5 before intervention to 121 ± 11.4 at 1 month (p < 0.001) and 132.35 ± 12.0 at 3 months (p < 0.001). Physical and functional well-being domains of FACT-HEP showed maximum improvement at 1 month (p < 0.001). Mean EORTC QLQ BIL21 overall scores improved from 55.3 ± 6.8 1 at baseline to 35.0 ± 5.2 at 1 month (p < 0.001) and 28.5 ± 4.1 at 3 months (p < .001). Pain (p = 0.069) and anxiety symptoms (p = 0.09) did not show any significant change. In both scales, no significant improvements of scores were noted between 1 and 3 months. In advanced gallbladder cancer with jaundice, PTBD significantly enhances the quality of life, but this effect is short-lived, not beyond 1 month.
Thermal modelling of voice coils in microspeakers

Microspeakers can overheat and break if not monitored and regulated. This monitoring is usually done by adding a pilot tone that introduces energy to the signal. A problem with this approach is the slow update rate of the temperature estimate. This in combination with a fast temperature rise could result in an audible regulation of the input. By simulating the voice coil temperature these problems could be mitigated. In this thesis, two existing grey box models and one novel black box model are estimated for different speakers and evaluated using different signals. The results are promising and indicate that all models can estimate the voice coil temperature with a mean error below one degree. The tests show that a correct initialization of the model is crucial. Therefore the suggestion to Cirrus Logic, who hosted this thesis project, is to combine a feedforward model with either temperature sensor data from the mobile device or a pilot tone.
Probabilistic Integration: A Role in Statistical Computation?

A research frontier has emerged in scientific computation, wherein numerical error is regarded as a source of epistemic uncertainty that can be modelled. This raises several statistical challenges, including the design of statistical methods that enable the coherent propagation of probabilities through a (possibly deterministic) computational work-flow. This paper examines the case for probabilistic numerical methods in routine statistical computation. Our focus is on numerical integration, where a probabilistic integrator is equipped with a full distribution over its output that reflects the presence of an unknown numerical error. Our main technical contribution is to establish, for the first time, rates of posterior contraction for these methods. These show that probabilistic integrators can in principle enjoy the "best of both worlds", leveraging the sampling efficiency of Monte Carlo methods whilst providing a principled route to assess the impact of numerical error on scientific conclusions. Several substantial applications are provided for illustration and critical evaluation, including examples from statistical modelling, computer graphics and a computer model for an oil reservoir.
Impact of Political News on the Baltic State Stock Markets

This paper studies the link between political news releases, and the returns and volatilities in the stock markets of Riga, Tallinn and Vilnius. Political news releases are viewed as proxies for political risk. The results indicate that political news events regarding domestic and foreign, excluding Russia, political issues led, on average, to lower uncertainty in the stock markets of Riga and Tallinn in 2001-2003. At the same time, political risk from Russia increased the volatility of the stock market in Tallinn. We found that there is only a weak relationship between political risks of different origins and the stock market volatility in the Baltic states in 2004-2007. In addition, we found a significant Monday effect, consistent with the trading behavior of institutional investors.
Wave Generation of Gravity‐Driven Sediment Flows on a Predominantly Sandy Seabed

Wave‐supported gravity flows (WSGFs) generate rates of sediment flux far exceeding other cross‐shelf transport processes, contributing disproportionately to shelf morphology and net cross‐shelf fluxes of sediment in many regions worldwide. However, the conditions deemed necessary for the formation of WSGF limit them to a narrow set of shelf conditions; they have been observed exclusively in regions where the seabed consists of very fine‐grained sediment and typically co‐occur with nearby river flood events. Here we document the occurrence of a WSGF event on a predominantly sandy seabed and in the absence of a preceding river flood. Our measurements confirm that the dynamics are governed by the friction‐buoyancy balance observed in other WSGF and that WSGF can form in mixed grain‐size environments and transport high concentrations of sand. The occurrence of WSGF on a predominantly sandy seabed suggests that they may occur under a much wider range of conditions and, given the global prevalence of sandy shelves, they may be a more frequent and more ubiquitous feature of shelf dynamics than previously thought.
Effect of Technology-Enhanced Continuous Progress Monitoring on Math Achievement

We examined the extent to which use of a technology-enhanced continuous progress monitoring system would enhance the results of math instruction, examined variability in teacher implementation of the program, and compared math results in classrooms in which teachers did and did not use the system. Classrooms were randomly assigned to within-school experimental and control groups. Participating students were pre- and post-tested using two standardized, nationally normed tests of math achievement. When teachers implemented the continuous progress monitoring system as intended, and when they used the data from the system to manage and differentiate instruction, students gained significantly more than those for whom implementation was limited or nil. Failure to take into account intervention integrity would have made it look like continuous progress monitoring did not enhance math results.
The Impact of Environmental Innovation on Employment Growth in Europe

This paper studies the impact of environmental innovation on employment growth using firm-level data for 16 European countries and the period 2006-2008. It extends the model by Harrison et al (2008) in order to distinguish between employment effects of environmental and non-environmental product as well as process innovation. By looking at country and sector level differences, it also generates new insights into the heterogeneity of the environmental innovation-employment growth link along different dimensions. The results demonstrate that both environmental and non-environmental product innovations are conducive to employment growth in European firms. We estimate a gross employment effect of product innovation for both types of product innovators that is very similar in nearly all countries and sectors. That is, in most cases a one-percent increase in the sales due to new products for environmental product innovators also increases gross employment by one percent. This implies that there is no evidence that environmentally-friendly new products are produced with higher or lower efficiency than old products. Yet, we observe differences in the contribution of environmental and non-environmental product innovation to employment growth across countries or sectors that are the result of differences in the average innovation engagement and innovation success across countries or sectors. The absolute contribution to employment growth is positive for both types of new products. However, we find mixed evidence for the relative importance. In manufacturing the contribution of environmental product innovators was larger than that of non-environmental product innovators in half of the countries. In services, however, non-environmental product innovators matters more for growth in the vast majority of countries. In contrast, environmental and non-environmental process innovation plays only a little role for employment growth.
Economic Evaluation Cost-Effectiveness Analysis : Stress Ulcer Bleeding Prophylaxis with Proton Pump Inhibitors , H 2 Receptor Antagonists

Objectives: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) present varying pharmacological efficacy in preventing stress ulcer bleeding (SUB) in intensive care units. The literature also reports disparate rates of ventilator-assisted pneumonia (VAP) as side effects of these treatments. We compared the cost-effectiveness of these two prophylactic pharmacological options. Methods: We constructed a decision tree with a 60-day time horizon for patients at high risk for developing SUB, receiving either PPIs or H2RAs. For each treatment strategy, patients could be in one of three states of health: SUB, VAP, or no complication. Contemporary, clinically relevant probabilities were obtained from a broad literature search. Costs were estimated by using a representative US countrywide database. A third-party payer perspective was adopted. Cost-effectiveness and univariate and multivariate sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Probabilities of SUB and VAP were 1.3% and 10.3% for PPIs ee front matter Copyright & 2013, International S
Experimental Study of the Causes of the Fishhook Effect in a Mini-Hydrocyclone

The mini sized hydrocyclone is being proposed as a novel apparatus in complex micro-devices for in-line particle separation as it has a concise geometry and no moving parts. In this work, we present an experimental study on the causes of the fishhook effect for fine particle separation in a 5 mm mini-hydrocyclone. The fishhook effect denotes the shape of the separation efficiency curve having a fishhook-shaped curve in the fine particle range. The causes for the fishhook effect can be attributed to entrainment in the wake flow, reduction of drag force and change in the resultant force direction for the fine particles. The fishhook effect was found to be more pronounced for higher inlet velocities and for samples with relatively more coarse particles. The pronounced fishhook effect was explained by the enhancement of particle entrainment and an increase in the drag force reduction.
The Role of A Decentralized Organizational Structure on KM Infrastructure Capability during the Implementation of ERP Systems in Kenya

It is a well-established fact that most Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERP) fail due to a myriad of implementation problems. This study was motivated by the high failure rate of ERP systems around the world during the implementation stage. Most studies report failure rates of between 65% and 75%. Many developed countries have adapted flexible organizational structures as a technique of minimizing ERP implementation problems. This paper investigated the influence of organizational structure on KM infrastructure capabilities during the implementation of ERP systems in organizations listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) in Kenya, with the aim of establishing whether these organizations have embraced organizational structures which enhance knowledge sharing. Three hundred and six (306) questionnaires were distributed to senior managers and users of ERP systems in the companies listed in the NSE. One hundred and eighty four (184) responses were received representing a 60% response rate. The study employed factor analysis, correlation analysis, univariate analysis, multivariate regression analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to investigate the relationship among variables and measure the strength and direction of the relationships between constructs. Data was cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20 and AMOS version 21. The research found out that organizational structure is not considered a significant component of KM infrastructure in the companies listed in the NSE. The findings imply that most companies listed in the NSE in Kenya still practice silo behavior where individual divisions, units, or functional areas operate as silos or independent agents within the organization. This study leads to the conclusion that the organizational structures in Kenya are not flexible enough to enhance ERP implementation success and recommends that organizations should embrace decentralized structures, which provide the flexibility required for knowledge sharing in ERP implementation projects. Keywords: ERP implementation, organizational structure, KM infrastructure capability, Social Capital Theory, Dynamic Capability View, Resource based theory
Sepsis ” OR “ Septic ” OR “ SIRS ” OR “ bacteraemia ” OR “ fever ” OR “ Febrile ” )

php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). Infection and Drug Resistance 2018:11 761–771 Infection and Drug Resistance Dovepress