Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
POTENTIAL IMPACT OF COQ10 AND VITAMIN E AGAINST (STZ) INDUCED METABOLIC DETERIORATION IN THE ALBINO RATS

Objective: This study evaluates the hypoglycemic effect of COQ10 and Vitamin E are determined using STZ induced diabetic rats. Methods: Rats selected for this study were divided into five groups of ten rats each as follows: first group Normal control rats, the second is considered as diabetic groups, injected intraperitoneal with a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg B. wt). the third group Diabetic rats orally administered glibenclamide drug 10 mg/kg B. wt daily for 30 d 4 th . And 5th groups were treated orally glibenclamide combined with vitamin E (2% concentration added to the normal basal diet), or coenzyme Q10 at the dose of 10 mg/kg i. p. daily for 30 consecutive days in addition histological examinations of liver, kidney and brain were carried out to confirm the biochemical changes of the diabetic group of rats. Results: All liver enzymes activities alanine and aspartate transferases and alkaline phosphatase (AST, ALT and ALP respectively), kidney function tests; creatinine and total urea, inflammatory biomarkers; CRP, IL-10 and TNF-α. Neurotransmitters; acetylcholine and acetylcholine esterase were enhanced with the highest degree in groups treated with COQ10 or vitamin E in addition to glibenclamide dug, almost restore the normal histological architecture of liver, kidney and brain. Conclusion: Orally supplemented glibenclamide with coenzyme Q10 or vitamin E showing significantly reduced blood glucose levels in STZ induced diabetic rats. It also showed hypolipidemia as well as hepatoprotective effects, enhance histological feature of liver, kidney and brain.
Linear separability, irrelevant variability, and categorization difficulty.

In rule-based (RB) category-learning tasks, the optimal strategy is a simple explicit rule, whereas in information-integration (II) tasks, the optimal strategy is impossible to describe verbally. This study investigates the effects of two different category properties on learning difficulty in category learning tasks-namely, linear separability and variability on stimulus dimensions that are irrelevant to the categorization decision. Previous research had reported that linearly separable II categories are easier to learn than nonlinearly separable categories, but Experiment 1, which compared performance on linearly and nonlinearly separable categories that were equated as closely as possible on all other factors that might affect difficulty, found that linear separability had no effect on learning. Experiments 1 and 2 together also established a novel dissociation between RB and II category learning: increasing variability on irrelevant stimulus dimensions impaired II learning but not RB learning. These results are all predicted by the best available measures of difficulty in RB and II tasks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Synthesis and characterisation of novel soluble polyimides for the application as liquid crystal vertical alignment layers

A new triphenylamine-based functional diamine monomer named N, N-bis (4-aminophenyl)-4-(nonyloxy-biphenyl)-4′-aminophenyl ether (N9) was successfully synthesised from cesium fluoride-mediated N,N-diarylation of 4-(nonyloxy-biphenyl)-4′-aminophenyl ether with p-fluoronitrobenzene and subsequent reduction of the resultant dinitro compound. A series of polyimides (PIs) with triphenylamine (TPA) moieties were prepared from the newly synthesised diamine monomer, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-methylene-dianiline and 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride through a conventional two-step procedure that included a ring-opening polyaddition to give polyamic acids, followed by chemical cyclodehydration. The PIs were completely amorphous and exhibited good solubility in organic solvents. PI films attained from a casting method showed high transmittance above 90% in the wave length range of 400–700 nm and could align liquid crystals vertically before and after rubbing treatment. The PIs derived from N9 exhibited much higher thermal stability compared with the corresponding PIs from 4-dodecyloxy-biphenyl-3′,5′-diaminobenzoate (D12). The results demonstrated that the introduction of TPA units into the polymer backbone could largely enhance the thermal stability of PIs while sustaining its solubility.
THE FREQUENCY OF ebpS AND V8 GENES IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES IN THIQAR PROVINCE-IRAQ

The current study was screened the profile of distribution of two virulence genes (ebpS and V8) in clinical isolates of S. aureus which isolated from three sources and comparison among them. Total isolates of S. aureus (n =63) recovered from 200 vaginal swabs from women with bacterial vaginal infections, 113 swabs from and tonsillitis infections and from 80 nasal swabs of healthy students in the college of Medicine, Thi-qar University through the period from February to November, 2017, the frequency of ebpS and V8 genes was determine by PCR. The results showed that (100%) of S. aureus isolates from tonsillitis were carried ebpS gene with high significant differences (p< 0.001) when compared with those that isolated from nose and vagina with carriage percent 40% and 50%, respectively. While, there were no significant differences between isolates of S. aureus which isolated from vagina and nose at (P=0.061). A S. aureus isolates from vagina and nose were not harbored V8 gene (0.0%), while this gene founded in 35.29% of tonsil isolates with significant differences under (P<0.001). The recent results recorded a high prevalence of ebpS gene among S. aureus isolates from different sources than V8 gene and isolates differ in their harboring of the virulence genes according to the source of the infection which effect on the bacterial colonization and increased the pathogenicity.
Prevalence and identify ecto-parasites on small ruminants in and around Arsi Negelle. Online J. Anim. Feed Res., 9(4): 146-153. www.ojafr.ir;

A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and identify Ecto-parasites on small ruminants. A total of 422 small ruminants; sheep (n=246) and goats (n=176) were included in and around Arsi Negelle. Simple random sampling method was used to determine clinical infestated animal from healthy animals and data was analysed using SPSS 16 software for the description of p-value and chi-square. The result indicated that overall prevalence of ectoparasite in small ruminant was 126 (29.9%). Of which the prevalence of ectoparasite in sheep and goat was about 77 (31%) and 49 (27%), respectively. The most common ectoparasite encountered in order of their predominance were, lice (31.7%), flea (24.6), tick (19%), mixed (12.7%) and mite (12%). The statistical analysis indicated that sex (X2=13.774, P=0.0001), body condition (X2=40.463, P=0.0001) and age (X2=6.129, P=0.013) were some of the important factors showed significant difference to ectoparasite infestation of small ruminants. No statistical significant difference (P>0.05) were found between the species of small ruminants and ectoparasite infestations. The major ectoparasites at genus level identified on sheep and goat, were Ctenocephalides spp (23%), Bovicola (20.6%), Linognathus species (11.9%) Rhipicephaluses (8.7%), Amblyomma (7.1%), sarcoptes (7.1%), Hyalomma (5%) and Demodex (4.8). This study was conducted to identify the major ectoparasite and their prevalence on the small ruminants in study area. The most important ectoparasite identified, were lice, flea, ticks and mite. Therefore based on the findings following recommendations are forwarded: Strategic treatment of small ruminants with insecticides should be practiced in the study area to minimize the impact of ectoparasite on the health of animals; Awareness creation for the local farmers about the control of ectoparasite is essential and Further detailed study on economic loss associated with ectoparasite should be conducted.
Comparative essential oil analysis of Geranium sylvaticum extracted by hydrodistillation and microwave distillation

The essential oil of Geranium sylvaticum L. (Geraniaceae) was isolated by hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave distillation (MD). The composition of the volatile oils was characterized by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of 73 and 70 compounds were identified, constituting over 90.3% and 98.7% of oil composition of G. sylvaticum, respectively. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were shown to be the main group of constituents (HD: 31.7% and MD: 39.8%). The major component of the oils of G. sylvaticum was g -muurolene (HD: 10.9% and MD: 19.6%). The comparative study showed that the amount of total volatiles (98.7%) and the major constituent (39.8%) were better in the MD of G. sylvaticum.
Patient Transfer: Risk of Back Injury and Low-Back Pain in Healthcare Workers: A prospective study combining technical measurements and epidemiology

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Physicochemical and Sensory Qualities of “Aadun” a Maize based Snack Supplemented with Defatted African Oil Bean Seed Flour

The effect of substituting roasted whole maize (Zea may) flour with African oil bean seed (Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth) flour and acceptability of the product was investigated. Composite flour was developed from roasted maize and African oil bean seed flour at ratios 90:10 (MAO1), 80:20 (MAO2), 70:30 (MAO3) and 100% (MAF) as control sample. Maize based snack (aadun) was produced from resulting composite blends. Proximate, chemical, functional, minerals and sensory properties of samples were determined using standard procedures. The protein, fat and mineral content increased with increasing African oil seed flour substitution. Protein (14.55±0.02) and fat (10.45±0.45) was highest in MAO3. Tannins and oxalates increased with increasing African oil bean seed substitution. Phytate contents in samples were significantly (P<0.05) higher in MAO2 and MAO3 than other samples. At 30% substitution level the taste, appearance and overall acceptability of maize based snack were significantly affected and unacceptable. Production of enriched maize-based snack could be best achieved at 10-20% substitution of maize flour with African oil bean seed flour.
Surface reactivity of highly vibrationally excited molecules prepared by pulsed laser excitation: CH4 (2ν3) on Ni(100)

We report state resolved sticking coefficients for highly vibrationally excited CH4 on Ni(100) at well-defined kinetic energies in the range of 12-72 kJ/mol. Incident methane molecules are prepared by pulsed laser radiation in single rovibrational levels of the first overtone of the antisymmetric stretch (2nu(3)) at 6004.69 cm(-1) and collided at normal incidence with a clean Ni(100) single crystal. We find that the vibrational excitation enhances the reaction probability by a factor 100 at an incident translational energy of 72 kJ/mol, but this enhancement increases to more than 4 orders of magnitude at low kinetic energy. Despite this large increase in the sticking coefficient, vibrational energy in 2nu(3) appears to be about 80% as effective as an equivalent amount of translational energy in promoting the chemisorption reaction. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Preliminary Antibacterial Activities of Zinc(II) Complexes With a Tetradentate Schiff Base N,N′-Bis(1-pyridin-2-ylethylidene)propane-1,2- diamine

Two new mononuclear Schiff base zinc(II) complexes with the formula [ZnXL]·BF4 [X = Cl for (1) and X = Br for (2); L = N,N′-bis(1-pyridin-2-ylethylidene)propane-1,2-diamine] have been prepared. The complexes have been characterized by physicochemical methods and single-crystal X-ray determination. Each compound contains a mononuclear zinc(II) complex cation and a disordered fluoroborate anion. The zinc(II) atoms in both complexes are five-coordinated by the four N atoms of L, and by one halide atom, forming a square-pyramidal coordination. The Schiff base ligand and the zinc(II) complexes showed potent antibacterial activities.
Amino acid radicals in rhenium-modified copper proteins

Oxidative flash quench of [Re(CO)3(phen)(His)] + generates a high-potential [Re] 2+ oxidant (E° (Re 2+/+ ) = 2 eV v. NHE), which has been used to obtain rates of electron transfer of Cu(I) oxidation in rhenium-modified azurins. These rates are enhanced over the [Ru(bpy) 2 (im)(His)] 2+ analogues (E° Ru3 +/2+ ~ 1 eV), suggesting an alternate mechanism from driving force optimized, singe-step electron tunneling. To test whether other intermediates can be involved, oxidative freeze flash quench of the zinc(II) derivatives were undertaken. These experiments reveal that [Re] 2+ can produce the amino acid radicals of tyrosine and cysteine, as detected by EPR. The properties of these radicals in structurally well-defined protein microenvironments in Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin mutants have focused, in particular, on the g 1 component of the g-tensor, which is sensitive to the strength of the hydrogen bond to the radical. The g 1 for Tyr48 radical, which resides in a completely hydrophobic pocket and is inaccessible to solvent, is found to be greater than the g1 for the solvent exposed Tyr108 radical. This comparison could not be made for the cysteine radicals as Cys108 formed a sulfenyl radical upon oxidation; the Cys48 radical has been demonstrated to be a thiyl radical species and provides the EPR spectroscopic benchmark for a non-hydrogen bonded thiyl radical. In azurin mutants without any tyrosine, tryptophan, or cysteine residues, oxidative flash quench results in another organic based radical. This radical is located on the histidine imidazole ring that is coordinated to the rhenium atom. DFT calculations suggest that the spin density resides mainly on the imidazole ring when it is deprotonated. Corrected distances in the tunneling timetable to the imidazole ring from the copper atom predict an identical exponential decay in the electron transfer rates as for the ruthenium-labeled azurins. The rate enhancement is explained in terms of a "trivial hop" whereby Re 2+ rapidly oxidizes the non-innocent histidine ligand in a proton dependent process; the histidine radical in turn oxidizes the copper atom or tyrosine, cysteine, or tryptophan when zinc is present. This model explains all of the enhanced Cu(I) oxidation rates by [Re] 2+ and suggests that for Cu(I) oxidation in azurin, multistep electron tunneling through other amino acid radicals does not occur and that the observed radicals are generated in off-path processes.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIBER INITIATION AND LINT PERCENTAGE IN COTTON

In this study, cytological observation of cotton fiber initiation from 1 d before anthesis to 3 d post anthesis (dpa) was performed using a scanning electron microscope. Six cotton chromosome segment introgression lines and their recipient/donor parents were used as materials. Results showed that fiber cell protrusions were highly related to genotype and germplasm, but fiber cell elongations were closely related to lint percentage. Fiber cell protrusions and elongations initially formed on the funicular crest, extended to the chalaza cap and the middle part of the ovule, and finally reached the micropyle. Fiber protrusion density at 1 dpa and elongation density at 2 dpa were observed in the following parts from highest to lowest: funicular crest > chalaza cap > middle part of the ovule > micropyle. The fiber protrusion density at 1 dpa and the fiber elongation density at 2 dpa were positively correlated with lint percentage and lint index but negatively correlated with seed index. The results of gray relational analysis were consistent with the correlation analysis results. Early fiber elongation contributed positively to protrusion density and elongation density, thereby resulting in a high lint percentage.
Vertical distribution of vibrational energy of molecular nitrogen in a stable auroral red arc and its effect on ionospheric electron densities. Ph.D. Thesis - Catholic Univ. of Am.

Previous solutions of the problem of the distribution of vibrationally excited molecular nitrogen in the thermosphere have either assumed a Boltzmann distribution and considered diffusion as one of the loss processes or solved for the energy level populations and neglected diffusion. Both of the previous approaches are combined by solving the time dependent continuity equations, including the diffusion process, for the first six energy levels of molecular nitrogen for conditions in the thermosphere corresponding to a stable auroral red arc. The primary source of molecular nitrogen excitation was subexcitation, and inelastic collisions between thermal electrons and molecular nitrogen. The reaction rates for this process were calculated from published cross section calculations. The loss processes for vibrational energy were electron and atomic oxygen quenching and vibrational energy exchange. The coupled sets of nonlinear, partial differential equations were solved numerically by employing finite difference equations.
Adapting to Student Learning Styles: Engaging Students with Cell Phone Technology in Organic Chemistry Instruction.

Students of organic chemistry traditionally make 3 x 5 in. flash cards to assist learning nomenclature, structures, and reactions. Advances in educational technology have enabled flash cards to be viewed on computers, offering an endless array of drilling and feedback for students. The current generation of students is less inclined to use computers, but they use their cell phones 24 hours a day. This report outlines these trends and an even more recent educational technology initiative, that of using cell phone flash cards to help students learn organic chemistry nomenclature, structures, and reactions. Student attitudes were positive toward cell phone flash cards in a pilot study and a more detailed study investigating use and effect on student learning is planned.
Source term estimation of atmospheric release due to the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident by atmospheric and oceanic dispersion simulations

The source term of the atmospheric release of 131I and 137Cs due to the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident estimated by previous studies was validated and refined by coupling atmospheric and oceanic dispersion simulations with observed 134Cs in seawater collected from the Pacific Ocean. By assuming the same release rate for 134Cs and 137Cs, the sea surface concentration of 134Cs was calculated using the previously estimated source term and was compared with measurement data. The release rate of 137Cs was refined to reduce underestimation of measurements, which resulted in a larger value than that previously estimated. In addition, the release rate of 131I was refined to follow the radioactivity ratio of 137Cs. As a result, the total amounts of 131I and 137Cs discharged into the atmosphere from 5 JST on March 12 to 0 JST on March 20 were estimated to be approximately 2.0 × 1017 and 1.3 × 1016 Bq, respectively.
Reversible formation of iron(III) ion clusters in the poly(acrylic acid)–Fe3+ complex gel with changes in the water content

The hydrogel made by adding poly(acrylic acid)(PAA) to iron(III) chloride solution has been investigated as a function of the water content of the gel by means of EPR, visible and infrared spectroscopies. The red–brown PAA–Fe3+ complex gel formed is homogeneous and transparent as is the solution, while the xerogel obtained by drying the gel was yellow. Iron(III) ions in the gel aggregate [as iron(III) ion clusters] and disperse (as mononuclear species) reversibly with repeated wetting with water and drying of the gel. In the hydrated gel PAA carboxyl groups bond strongly to the cluster iron(III) ions, thus networks of intermolecularly cross-linked PAA cause gelation, whereas in the dry gel the networks are loosened.
HEPATITIS C VIRUS ANTIBODIES AMONG BLOOD DONORS IN JOS, NIGERIA

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the hepatitis agents known to be transmitted through blood and blood products. Hepatitis C virus has been implicated as a major cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. This study was, therefore, undertaken with the objective of determining the sero-prevalence of HCV antibodies among blood donors in the central city of Jos, Nigeria. Method: A total of two hundred blood donors were recruited from three hospitals within Jos metropolis. Sera from all subjects were tested for Hepatitis C virus antibodies using a second generation enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Ninety five percent (95%)of the blood donors were males and most of them were aged between 21 and 50years. Twelve (6.0%)of the blood donors were anti-HCV seropositive and all of them males. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to introduce routine screening of blood donors for Hepatitis C virus markers in centers where this is not currently been practiced. This will reduce the risk of transfusion-associated hepatitis C infection and its complications in Nigeria. Key Words: Hepatitis C virus, blood donors, Jos Annals of African Medicine Vol.3(1 ) 2004: 35-37
Temperature dependence of phonons in elemental cubic metals studied by inelastic scattering of neutrons and x-rays

The vibrations of atoms in a crystal (phonons) make up the majority of its entropy (or heat capacity), and these vibrations are typically modeled by simple harmonic oscillators. Deviations from this harmonic oscillator model are responsible for such well known effects as thermal expansion and temperature dependent elastic constants. Other anharmonic effects, such as the temperature dependence of phonon energies and their linewidths, may be less well known, but also significant. Changes in phonon energies can impact the phonon entropy. Measurements of the phonon spectra of aluminum, lead, nickel, and iron as a function of temperature are presented, and the anharmonic contributions to the entropies of these cubic metals are considered. These contributions are found to be of the same order of magnitude as those from independent electrons (discounting magnetic contributions). Trends in phonons and phonon-related properties of a wider array of face-centered- and body-centered-cubic (FCC & BCC) metals are also considered. The near-neighbor forces, spectral shapes, and anharmonic entropies of the BCC metals are shown to be far more varied than those of the FCC metals, and this is explained in terms of the crystal structures themselves. Finally, given the similarities in the FCC metals, experimental data and molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate their phonon linewidths. Trends exist, and they imply similarities in the relative strengths of the harmonic and anharmonic forces in the FCC metals.