Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A two‐noded locking–free shear flexible curved beam element

A new two-noded shear flexible curved beam element which is impervious to membrane and shear locking is proposed herein. The element with three degrees of freedom at each node is based on curvilinear deep shell theory. Starting with a cubic polynomial representation for radial displacement (w), the displacement field for tangential displacement (u) and section rotation (θ) are determined by employing force-moment and moment-shear equilibrium equations. This results in polynomial displacement field whose coefficients are coupled by generalized degrees of freedom and material and geometric properties of the element. The procedure facilitates quartic polynomial representation for both u and θ for curved element configurations, which reduces to linear and quadratic polynomials for u and θ, respectively, for straight element configuration. These coupled polynomial coefficients do not give rise to any spurious constraints even in the extreme thin regimes, in which case, the present element exhibits excellent convergence to the classical thin beam solutions. This simple C0 element is validated for beam having straight/curved geometries over a wide range of slenderness ratios. The results indicates that performance of the element is much superior to other elements of the same class. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deep Domain-Invariant Long Short-Term Memory Network for Partial Discharge Localization in Gas-Insulated Switchgear

Localization based on differences in the timing of an ultrahigh-frequency signal is difficult to apply in actual settings because of the strict requirement for accurate calculation of the difference in arrival time between discharge pulses. With the development of digital twinning, the operational state of equipment is mapped onto a digital virtual model, and large-scale simulation data can be obtained to assist in localization of partial discharge (PD) in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS). With this aim, this paper proposes a novel deep domain-invariant long short-term memory network (LSTM) for GIS PD localization. Firstly, an attention residual LSTM is constructed to automatically extract discriminative features and effectively obtain the temporal and spatial dependences between features. Collaborative domain adaptation is proposed to transfer the diagnostic knowledge learned from large-scale simulation data to GIS PD localization. Via maximum mean discrepancy-based domain adaptation and domain adversarial training, discrepancies between samples in the two domains are reduced so as to achieve a more perfect match. The domain-invariant LSTM achieved an average localization accuracy of less than 11 cm, and the standard deviation of the error reached 8.15. The domain-invariant LSTM thus provides a novel solution for the high-precision and robust localization of PD in GIS.
Development and Validation of a New DIVA Real-Time PCR Allowing to Differentiate Wild-Type Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Strains, Including the Asian Recombinant Strains, from Neethling-Based Vaccine Strains

The current epidemic in Asia, driven by LSDV recombinants, poses difficulties to existing DIVA PCR tests, as these do not differentiate between homologous vaccine strains and the recombinant strains. We, therefore, developed and validated a new duplex real-time PCR capable of differentiating Neethling-based vaccine strains from classical and recombinant wild-type strains that are currently circulating in Asia. The DIVA potential of this new assay, seen in the in silico evaluation, was confirmed on samples from LSDV infected and vaccinated animals and on isolates of LSDV recombinants (n = 12), vaccine (n = 5), and classic wild-type strains (n = 6). No cross-reactivity or a-specificity with other capripox viruses was observed under field conditions in non-capripox viral stocks and negative animals. The high analytical sensitivity is translated into a high diagnostic specificity as more than 70 samples were all correctly detected with Ct values very similar to those of a published first-line pan capripox real-time PCR. Finally, the low inter- and intra-run variability observed shows that the new DIVA PCR is very robust which facilitates its implementation in the lab. All validation parameters that are mentioned above indicate the potential of the newly developed test as a promising diagnostic tool which could help to control the current LSDV epidemic in Asia.
Factors Associated with Anxiety During COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Association with Hypertension in Saudi Arabia

Objective Patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension (HTN) are considered a vulnerable group, and they are prone to anxiety and other psychological conditions during pandemics. Very few reports discussed factors related to anxiety and how it is associated with HTN during COVID-19 pandemic. In this project, we aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety among hypertensive patients in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, and data were collected using an electronic self-administered pretested questionnaire distributed via trained data collectors. Data were analyzed using t-test and chi-test. Results A total of 2135 participants were enrolled in this study. Anxiety was reported in 5% of all participants and 8% of the hypertensive participants. Older age, marital status, higher body mass index (BMI), smoking, and Khat chewing were strongly associated with anxiety among the general population. In addition, less adherence to medication made participants with HTN significantly more anxious. Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety among hypertensive individuals is higher compared to the general population. Moreover, anxiety is significantly associated with some sociodemographic in the general population, and with less adherence to medications in hypertensive patients. Further studies with data from medical record including more variables are needed to highlight this association.
EMSCNet: Efficient Multisample Contrastive Network for Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification

Significant progress has been achieved in remote sensing image scene classification (RSISC) with the development of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and vision transformers (ViTs). However, high intraclass diversity and interclass similarity are still enormous challenges for RSISC. Metric learning can effectively improve the discriminative ability of deep representations by constraining the distance between features. Previous metric learning methods only optimize the feature space representation through metric function, ignoring the information interaction between samples. For complex scene images, similarity and discriminative knowledge need to be summarized from the multiple positive and negative pairs. We propose a novel efficient multisample contrastive network (EMSCNet) to integrate knowledge from multiple samples. Specifically, we construct a dynamic dictionary with momentum updates to mine positive and negative pairs from the entire dataset. Then, the similarity and discriminative knowledge between samples are summarized by introducing a contrastive module. Finally, the knowledge of the contrastive module is transferred to the backbone classifier through knowledge distillation. The proposed contrastive module can be easily embedded into the training process of CNNs or ViT and removed during inference. Experimental results conducted on three datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Finite Type Hypersurfaces of a Sphere

$S^{m-1}$ if the center of mass of $M$ in $R^{m}$ is the center of the hypersphere $S^{m-1}$ in $R^{M}$ . In terms of these notions, a well-known result of Takahashi (cf. [6]) says that a submanifold $M$ in $R^{m}$ is of l-type if and only if $M$ is a minimal submanifold of a hypersphere $S^{m-1}$ of $R^{m}$ . Furthermore, a minimal submanifold of a hypersphere $S^{m-1}$ in $R^{m}$ is mass-symmetric in $S^{m-1}$ . On the other hand, in [3], mass-symmetric, 2-type hypersurfaces of $S^{m-1}$ are characterized. In [1], it is proved that a compact 2-type surface in $S^{3}$ is mass-symmetric. In this paper, we will show that many 2-type hypersurfaces of a hypersphere $S^{n+1}$ are mass-symmetric and that mass-symmetric, 2-type hypersurfaces of $S^{n+1}$ have no umbilic point. More precisely, we will prove the following.
The effect of different parameters on the wear, surface properties, and shear bond strength of monolithic zirconia CAD/CAM restorative materials

Abstract To investigate the effects of preparation order and sandblasting procedures (different particle sizes and sandblasting times) on the wear, surface properties, and shear bond strength of zirconia material. A total of 130 test specimens were fabricated from Katana-Zirconia (n = 10). 70 test samples were sintered. Control, pre-sintered, and sintered groups were formed. The initial weights of the samples were measured. Sandblasting treatments were performed from a distance of 10-mm at 2-bar pressure for 10, 15, and 20-s with 29-µm and 50-µm Al2O3. The weight measurement was repeated. Subsequently, pre-sintered groups were sintered. Samples were scanned using a Nanovea-PS50. Ra, Rz, and Sa values were recorded. Then, samples were embedded in acrylic. Composite bars were fabricated using a Teflon mold and bonded to the samples with G-CEM Link-Force. The shear bond strength test was performed. The data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and two-way analysis ANOVA (p < 0.05). The highest Ra values were 1.198 ± 0.105 (Group-6) for PSZ and 0.267 ± 0.015 (Group-6) for SZ. Sa data demonstrated the highest values of 4.628 ± 1.541 (Group-6) for PSZ. The highest SBS values were 15.35 ± 2.75 (Group-4) for PSZ and 12.76 ± 2.39 (Group-1) for SZ. PSZ showed higher wear amount, Ra, Rz, Sa, and SBS in Groups 4 and 5 (p < 0.05). Pre-sintered and sintered zirconia showed different dependencies on sandblasting parameters regarding weight loss, Ra, Rz, Sa, and SBS. Sandblasting zirconia materials with 50-µm Al2O3 for 10 or 15-s before sintering may have beneficial effects on surface roughness and SBS.
Genetic Parameters for a Weighted Analysis of Survivability in Dairy Cattle

Simple Summary In dairy cattle, a cow’s productive life is an essential functional trait with great economic significance and is part of the breeding objectives and comprehensive selection indices. Thus, a highly reliable breeding value prediction is crucial to allow sufficient selection of animals with high genetic potential for survival. Suppose we proceed to evaluate survival in successive periods of an animal’s life. In that case, we encounter an unfavourable phenomenon where the earlier an animal is culled, the more the reliability of its breeding values is underestimated. We assume that this underestimation can be corrected by using a weighted analysis that balances the amount of information regardless of the number of survived periods. This paper attempts to show the methodological procedure for determining the weights and estimating the genetic parameters for the weighted analysis. Abstract The genetic parameters for the survival of Holstein cows, analysed in nine consecutive time periods during the first three calving intervals, were estimated. The earlier the animals are culled, the more they are informationally underestimated. This undervaluing can be remedied by using a weighted analysis that balances the amount of information. If the method of estimating breeding values changes, the genetic parameters will also change. The Holstein cattle dataset from 2005 to 2017 used in this study included 1,813,636 survival records from 298,290 cows. The pedigree with three generations of ancestors included 660,476 individuals. Linear repeatability models estimated genetic parameters for overall and functional survivability. Due to weights, heritability increased from 0.013 to 0.057. Repeatability with weights was 0.505. The standard deviations of breeding values were 1.75 and 2.18 without weights and 6.04 and 6.20 with weights. Including weights in the calculation increased the additive variance proportion and the breeding values’ reliabilities. We conclude that the main contribution of the weighted method we have presented is to compensate for the lack of records in culled individuals with a positive impact on the reliability of the breeding value.
Approximations and empirics for stochastic war equations

The article develops a theorem which shows that the Lanchester linear war equations are not in general equal to the Kolmogorov linear war equations. The latter are time‐consuming to solve, and speed is important when a large number of simulations must be run to examine a large parameter space. Run times are provided, where time is a scarce factor in warfare. Four time efficient approximations are presented in the form of ordinary differential equations for the expected sizes and variances of each group, and the covariance, accounting for reinforcement and withdrawal of forces. The approximations are compared with “exact” Monte Carlo simulations and empirics from the WWII Ardennes campaign. The band spanned out by plus versus minus the incremented standard deviations captures some of the scatter in the empirics, but not all. With stochastically varying combat effectiveness coefficients, a substantial part of the scatter in the empirics is contained. The model is used to forecast possible futures. The implications of increasing the combat effectiveness coefficient governing the size of the Allied force, and injecting reinforcement to the German force during the Campaign, are evaluated, with variance assessments. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.
Stability properties of high-pressure geotail flux tubes

Kinetic theory is used to investigate the stability of ballooning interchange modes in the high-pressure geotail plasma. A variational form of the stability problem is used to compare new kinetic stability results with MHD, fast MHD, and Kruskal and Oberman [1958] stability results. Two types of drift modes are analyzed: A kinetic ion pressure gradient drift wave with a frequency given by the ion diamagnetic drift frequency ω *pi and a very low frequency mode |ω| ω *pi , ω Di that is often called a convective cell or the trapped particle mode. In the high-pressure geotail plasma a general procedure for solving the stability problem in a 1/β expansion for the minimizing δB∥ is carried out to derive an integral differential equation for the kinetically valid displacement field ξ ψ for a flux tube. The plasma energy released by these modes is estimated in the nonlinear state. The role of these instabilities in substorm dynamics is assessed in the substorm scenarios described by Maynard et al. [1996].
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis mimicking gallbladder carcinoma: a case report

Introduction: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is an uncommon type of chronic cholecystitis. Clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and radiological analysis mimic gallbladder carcinoma. A definitive diagnosis is made by histological study. Cholecystectomy, along with adjuncts as required, is performed for management. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 67-year-old female who was planned for interval cholecystectomy for gallstone pancreatitis. Her clinical, laboratory and radiological findings were suggestive of cholelithiasis and was planned for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Her intraoperative findings mimicked gallbladder carcinoma. The surgery was aborted, and a biopsy was sent for histopathological analysis. XGC was diagnosed, and the patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with no postoperative complications during the 6-month follow-up period. Discussion: XGC is a rare disorder resulting from chronic inflammation of the gallbladder. There is the presence of xanthogranuloma with predominant lipid-laden macrophages in the gallbladder wall along with fibrosis. Clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and radiological analysis mimic gallbladder carcinoma. Ultrasonography usually shows diffuse wall thickening of the gallbladder, intramural hypoechoic nodules, unclear liver and gallbladder interface, and the presence of gallstones. The final diagnosis is made by histopathological analysis. Laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy, along with adjuncts as required, is performed for management with a low postoperative complication rate. Conclusion: XGC is a rare, benign disease that is often confused with gallbladder cancer before histological analysis. XGC can be managed with laparoscopic cholecystectomy with minimal postoperative complications.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the Gut Microbiome: A Comprehensive Review

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It has a prevalence of 10 to 25% in the United States and has a high disease burden, as evidenced by reduced quality of life, decreased work productivity and increased healthcare utilization and costs. IBS has been associated with several intra-intestinal and extra-intestinal conditions, including psychiatric comorbidities. Although the pathophysiology of IBS has not been fully elucidated, it involves dysregulation of communication between the brain and gut (brain–gut axis) which is associated with alterations in intestinal motility, gut permeability, visceral hypersensitivity and gut microbiota composition. The purpose of this article is to review the role the gut microbiota plays in the pathophysiology of IBS, understand factors that affect the gut microbiome and explore the microbiome as a target of treatment.
Mn2+ doped ZnS quantum dots in ferroelectric liquid crystal matrix: Analysis of new relaxation phenomenon, faster optical response, and concentration dependent quenching in photoluminescence

Phase transitional, dielectric, electro-optical, polarizing optical microscopic, photoluminescence (PL), and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic measurements have been carried out on ZnS:Mn quantum dots (QDs) dispersed ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC). A new dielectric relaxation mode has been envisaged in FLC material due to the presence of 0.25 wt. % ZnS:Mn (40 mol. %) QDs. The characteristics of the new mode have been compared with those of the soft mode. A significant fastening of the electro-optical response (∼75%) has been observed in the case of 0.25 wt. % ZnS:Mn (20 mol. %) QDs doped FLC material. The induction of the new relaxation mode is attributed to the flexoelectric tilt fluctuations. The induced flexoelectric polarization in the FLC medium at the vicinity of QDs might be responsible for the enhanced spontaneous polarization in the FLC/QDs mixtures. Quenching in PL for the FLC/QDs mixtures has been observed, which strongly depends on Mn content in QDs. The change in FTIR spec.
ARTHROPOD FAUNA OF OIL PALM INFLORESCENCE (Elaeis guineensis), WITH NOTES ON THEIR ECOLOGICAL ROLES IN A PLANTATION IN TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

Arthropod communities at oil palm inflorescence, specifically the insects, are known to forage for floral resources and hence act as pollinators to the palm tree. However, their activities at the inflorescence other than as pollinators are rarely explained. This study was conducted at an oil palm plantation located at Hulu Terengganu District, in Terengganu state, Peninsular Malaysia. Arthropod fauna was extracted from 15 male and female inflorescences for identification, and bottle traps were set up to capture the arthropod fauna for pollen load observations. A total of 14 insect taxa, two spiders and a millipede were recorded in this study. A high abundance of Elaeidobius kamerunicus was recorded and with high conspecific pollen loads on their bodies further confirming their importance as pollinators for the palm tree. Predation activity by an earwig on larvae of the insect pollinators which used the male inflorescence as a breeding site was observed in this study. Other than utilising the oil palm inflorescence as a preying and breeding ground, earwigs, ants, wasps and flies were also likely pollinators for the oil palm tree. Hence this study adds more understanding of the ecological role of arthropods in the oil palm plantations in Malaysia.
Surface-fibrations, four-manifolds, and symplectic Floer homology

It is known that any smooth, closed, oriented four-manifold which is not negative-definite supports, after blowing up a finite set of points, a ‘broken fibration’. This is a singular surface-fibration of a special kind; its critical points are isolated points and circles. We construct an invariant of broken fibrations and begin a programme to study its properties. It has the same format as the Seiberg-Witten invariant of the underlying four-manifold, and is equal to it in some cases; we conjecture that this is always so. The invariant fits into a field theory for cobordisms equipped with broken fibrations over surfaces with boundary. The formal structure of this theory is very similar to that of a version of monopole Floer homology. The construction is purely symplectic and generalises that of the Donaldson-Smith standard surface count for Lefschetz fibrations. It involves moduli spaces of pseudoholomorphic sections of relative Hilbert schemes of points on the fibres, with Lagrangian boundary conditions which arise by a vanishing-cycle construction. Broken fibrations form one part of what may be termed ‘near-symplectic geometry’. The other part concerns ‘near-symplectic forms’. The first chapter of the thesis reviews and develops the properties of these forms and their relation with broken fibrations.
Antimicrobial Mechanism of Salt/Acid Solution on Microorganisms Isolated from Trimmed Young Coconut

This study investigated the inhibitory activity of organic solutions containing 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30% (w/v) sodium chloride and citric acid solution and 15:10, 15:15, 15:20 and 15:30% (w/v) sodium chloride (NaCl) combined with citric acid (CA) solution (salt/acid solution) for 10 min against microorganisms isolated from trimmed young coconut: Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia marcescens, Candida tropicalis, Lodderromyces elongisporus, Aspergillus aculeatus and Penicillium citrinum. Commercial antimicrobial agents such as potassium metabisulfite and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) were used as the controls. Results showed that 30% (w/v) NaCl solution displayed antimicrobial properties against all microorganisms, with s reduction range of 0.00–1.49 log CFU/mL. Treatment of 30% (w/v) CA solution inhibited all microorganisms in the reduction range of 1.50–8.43 log CFU/mL, while 15:20% (w/v) salt/acid solution was the minimum concentration that showed a similar antimicrobial effect with NaOCl and strong antimicrobial effect against Gram-negative bacteria. The mode of action of this solution against selected strains including B. cereus, E. aerogenes and C. tropicalis was also determined by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. B. cereus and E. aerogenes revealed degradation and detachment of the outer layer of the cell wall and cytoplasm membrane, while cytoplasmic inclusion in treated C. tropicalis cells changed to larger vacuoles and rough cell walls. The results suggested that a 15:20% (w/v) salt/acid solution could be used as an alternative antimicrobial agent to eliminate microorganisms on fresh produce.
Nonunimodular Ring Groups and Hopf-Von Neumann Algebras

A number of authors have introduced ring groups as objects generalizing locally compact groups. An analogue of the Pontrjagin principle of duality holds for ring groups. In this paper we introduce a wider class of ring groups, one including the locally compact groups.A construction is given whereby to each ring group there is defined a dual ring group ; here . By definition a ring group is determined by a -algebra (the space of the ring group) equipped with an additional structure which allows to be considered, in particular, as a Hopf-von Neumann algebra. When is a locally compact group, is the -algebra of bounded measurable functions on , considered in the natural way as operators in . Bibliography: 15 items.