Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New social media and the displacement effect: University student and staff inter-generational differences in Taiwan

Abstract This study examines the displacement-reinforcement effects of social media. In referring to research framework of the satisfaction-attitudes-loyalty (SAL) chain, our model is centred on social media users, and tests the causal relationships among three principal variables associated with Facebook (FB) and YouTube (YT) and three associated with FB and Instagram (IG). The surveys were conducted at three large universities in Taiwan and included 392 and 203 valid responses from Millennial undergraduate students and older staff (excluding faculty members), respectively. While our data fit the research model and supported our hypotheses regarding the SAL core model, the hypotheses representing the effects of displacement (or reinforcement) among social media platforms were not supported for the young generation. The results demonstrated that, although IG and YT provide some unique features, they have not displaced FB nor they have become a complementary medium to FB. As for the staff group, the displacement effects between FB and YT as well as between FB and IG were identified, indicating that YT and IG may be adopted as a substitute. In the absence of reinforcement effects, neither YT nor IG was a complementary medium despite users’ favourable attitudes towards and frequent use of them. The research limitations and future research directions were also discussed.
Bioenergetic Aspects of Mitochondrial Actions of Thyroid Hormones

Much is known, but there is also much more to discover, about the actions that thyroid hormones (TH) exert on metabolism. Indeed, despite the fact that thyroid hormones are recognized as one of the most important regulators of metabolic rate, much remains to be clarified on which mechanisms control/regulate these actions. Given their actions on energy metabolism and that mitochondria are the main cellular site where metabolic transformations take place, these organelles have been the subject of extensive investigations. In relatively recent times, new knowledge concerning both thyroid hormones (such as the mechanisms of action, the existence of metabolically active TH derivatives) and the mechanisms of energy transduction such as (among others) dynamics, respiratory chain organization in supercomplexes and cristes organization, have opened new pathways of investigation in the field of the control of energy metabolism and of the mechanisms of action of TH at cellular level. In this review, we highlight the knowledge and approaches about the complex relationship between TH, including some of their derivatives, and the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
Intraspecific variation in hematological parameters and erythrocyte size among three populations of Batrachuperus tibetanus (Caudata: Hynobiidae)

Intraspecific variation is a common phenomenon in nature, but to date, research on such variation in hematological traits of urodeles remains scarce. To compare intraspecific variation in hematological traits among populations, and explore whether snout–vent length (SVL) and body mass influence hematological traits, hematological parameters and erythrocyte size in 58 mature Batrachuperus tibetanus specimens belonging to three populations (Xihe, Meixian and Taibai) in northwestern China were analyzed. There were no sexual differences in any hematological trait for all populations. No hematological traits differed significantly between the Meixian and Taibai populations, but significantly lower values of erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), erythrocyte length (L), and erythrocyte area (A), as well as a significantly higher leukocyte count (WBC) were observed in the Xihe population compared with the other two. Linear regression analyses showed that significant relationships were present between SVL and Hb, RBC, Hct, and L; and body mass and Hb, RBC, Hct, and L. However, SVL and WBC were negatively correlated. Only L differed significantly among populations when accounting for the effects of SVL and body mass. Hb, RBC, WBC, and Hct variations among populations possibly contribute to differences in SVL or body mass, and erythrocyte size (L and A) variations are perhaps attributable to differences in lower Hb, RBC, and Hct; these variations are not the result of differences in habitat variables. Our results provide a foundation for understanding physiological intraspecific variation.
Comparison of Woody Species Diversity and Carbon Stock along Natural Forest to Farmland Conversion Gradient in the Gura-Ferda District of Southwestern Ethiopia

ABSTRACT Gura-Ferda forest is part of the moist evergreen Afromontane forest in southwestern Ethiopia. Despite the fact that large sections of this forest have become increasingly disturbed and fragmented since 1984, there is no scientific data on the dynamics of woody species diversity and forest carbon pools. As a result, the research was carried out to assess and compare the diversity of woody species and carbon stock along natural forest to farmland conversion gradient. Data were collected from natural forest, forest-farm interface, and farmland that were previously forest land. For the inventory of woody species, 90 nested plots (20 m*20 m for natural forest and forest-farm interface; 50 m*100 m for farmland) were established. To collect litter and soil samples, three 1 m*1 m subplots were established. Shannon-Wiener diversity index is significantly higher (p < .05) in natural forests (H’ = 2.72 ± 0.31) than in forest-farm interface (H’ = 1.42 ± 0.49) and farmland (H’ = 1.08 ± 0.57). Natural forest total carbon stocks were approximately 1.55 and 2.64 times higher than forest-farm interface and farmland, respectively. This study revealed that there was a substantial reduction in species diversity and carbon stocks along the conversion gradient of natural forest to farmland. The Natural Resource Management sector of the district should use management approaches to reduce the pressure on natural forest, which has resulted in a substantial decrease in species richness and carbon stocks along the natural forest to farmland conversion gradient.
The Association between Farmers’ Psychological Factors and Their Choice to Adopt Risk Management Strategies: The Case of Pakistan

Agriculture is a risky business, and risk persists in all management decisions taken by a farmer at the farm level. Disrupting agricultural business severely affects the livelihood of individual farmers and negatively affects the country’s economy. To cope with risks, farmers’ tend to mitigate the harsh impact of risks by adopting risk management strategies. Such an adoption decision is affected by several factors, most importantly, the psychological factors, i.e., risk perception and risk attitude of the farmer. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to understand farmers’ risk perception and risk attitude that affect their behaviour in making decisions at the farm level in a risky prospect. The association is investigated by employing chi-squared tests and Cramér’s V. The indirect impact of socioeconomic characteristics of the farmer via their psychological factors is conducted using structural equation model (SEM) path analysis. Their direct impact, together with psychological factors, are examined using the probit model. The two models are compared statistically for better performance and interpretations of the results. From the results, we found that risk perception and risk attitude are the key driving forces of farmers’ decisions during uncertainty which induce them to adopt risk management strategies. Other key variables and their quadratic functions that significantly affect farmers’ behaviour include education level, farming experience, off-farm income, and farm size. Thus, it is vital to consider these factors while assessing farmers’ behaviour in a risky prospect.
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of COVID-19 Patients Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western India

Introduction: Ahmedabad city reported the highest number of cases and deaths. In order to guide various interventions and monitor future trends, evidence is required. Hence, we conducted the present study to explore the epidemiological determinants, clinical profile, risk factors, and predictors of mortality of COVID-19. Methods: This was a retrospective record-based descriptive study of 2268 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted in a designated COVID hospital of Ahmedabad city from March to July 2020. Results: The median age of patients was 54 years, and 60.9% of them were males. Majority (83.27%) had comorbidities; the most common comorbidity was hypertension (62.59%) followed by diabetes (44.76%). The most common symptoms reported were fever (69.76%), breathlessness (55.47%), and cough (53.18%). Majority (61.12%) of the patients showed lymphocytopenia, and in one-third (34.85%), D-dimer levels were elevated (>1 μg/ml). Odds of inhospital deaths were higher in patients having breathlessness and gastrointestinal symptoms and comorbidities. More of the deceased had leukocytosis and lymphocytopenia, high D-dimer levels, C-reactive protein, and altered liver function tests as compared to the survivors. Conclusion: While making decisions such as prevention of exposure of high-risk population to the infection, control of the existing comorbid condition, and prioritization of this population for vaccination, criteria of case definition for surveillance keeping in mind the typical and atypical manifestations of the disease, require robust evidence which the current study could provide insight to.
An improved automatic defect identification system on natural leather via generative adversarial network

ABSTRACT The past decade has witnessed an impetus in the rise of artificial intelligence techniques in a diverse range of computer vision-relevant applications. Specifically, automated optical inspection technology has been garnered substantial research attention due to its advantages of enabling amelioration in the manufacturing process and improving the efficiency of industrial production. To date, the studies and evaluations into the defects on the raw leather pieces involving observational analysis tend to rely heavily on domain experts who have undergone intensive training. Herein, an automatic inspection system is introduced to distinguish whether a leather patch contains any defective areas. In particular, the dataset involved in this experiment comprises a total of 375 images that are made up of three classes, viz, black line defect, wrinkle defect and non-defective. Notably, owing to the data scarcity issue, the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is adopted to discover the feature regularities to produce plausible additional training samples. The proposed algorithm is systematically analysed, and compelling performance is yielded when compared to previous works. Succinctly, with a relatively small amount of readily captured training data, the classification performance is capable of achieving 100% accuracy. As such, the proposed system may be served an appealing strategy, especially in dealing with leather defect recognition tasks.
Attitudes shape implicit temporal trajectories: A quantitative test of the narrative structure of collective memories of colonialism

This article investigates how Belgian participants’ implicit temporal trajectories regarding the history of Belgian colonialism in the Congo vary as a function of their attitudes towards colonialism and thus create different collective memories. We reasoned that, depending on their attitudes towards Belgian colonialism, individuals may draw on different schematic narrative templates to structure their own implicit temporal trajectory of colonial history. Consequently, we predicted that the shape of individual implicit temporal trajectories should vary according to their attitudes. Specifically, we expected that positive attitudes towards colonialism would be associated with implicit temporal trajectories in which the colonial period is seen as more positive than before and after colonialism, creating an inverted U-shaped implicit temporal trajectory, while negative attitudes towards colonialism should be associated with the opposite trend – U-shaped implicit trajectories. We measured the attitudes towards colonialism of Belgian participants (n = 129), then their social representations of three historical periods: before, during and after Belgian colonialism. Overall, results supported these hypotheses. This study complements previous narrative psychology investigations by bringing quantitative evidence according to which collective memories are structured as implicit temporal trajectories that are in line with people’s attitudes.
Counterfeit Purchase Intention of Fashion Brands: The Personal Values and Social Aspect of Consumers as Determinants

Counterfeiting has become a growth industry in Indonesia. Consumers in Indonesia tend to find counterfeit products very easily, especially fashion products. The aim of this quantitative study is to analyze personal values and social factors toward counterfeit items and the intention to purchase counterfeit goods in Indonesia, with a focus on fashion products. The study also aims at analyzing the influence of novelty seeking, integrity values, and status consumption on people’s attitudes toward counterfeit goods. Furthermore, this study also addresses the influence of perceived risk, information susceptibility, physical vanity, and vanity-achievement on the intention to purchase counterfeit products. One hundred and ninety-three respondents were included in our study after survey questionnaires had been distributed in Indonesia. The respondents were 19 to 44 years old, living in Jakarta, Tangerang, Bogor, Bekasi, Yogyakarta, Bandung, Medan, Jambi, Batam, Pekanbaru and Samarinda, all of which are larger cities in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using partial least squares. The results of the study showed that the attitude toward counterfeit items was the most important factor in the willingness to purchase counterfeit goods. Novelty seeking, integrity, status consumption, and information susceptibility were also important determinants of people’s attitudes toward counterfeit products. Perceived risk, physical vanity, and achievement vanity were found to have an insignificant relationship with the intention to purchase counterfeit products . This study also has an impact on marketing strategies. One of them is marketers can offer very prestigious brands to reduce the trade in counterfeit luxury brands.
Personality, community, and politics: relating the five factor model to political behaviour in an African setting

ABSTRACT Numerous studies demonstrate the impact of personality traits on political attitudes and behaviours, but these theories have not been tested in African contexts. Using a survey conducted in three indigenous languages of 1,516 respondents from northern Ghana, we demonstrate the salience of personality variables in predicting political attitudes and behaviours. These results are striking given the region's strong social hierarchies, low levels of education, and collectivist orientation. Our more stable personality measurements of Extraversion, Agreeableness, Emotional Stability, and Conscientiousness are strong predictors of various political attitudes and behaviour in the expected directions. These relationships remain robust in the presence of demographic and linguistic controls. This paper points to a rich and underexplored avenue of political analysis across collectivist societies and provides tools to aid researchers in employing measures of abstract personality traits in contexts characterised by collectivism that speak non-European languages.
News stories and images of immigration online: A quantitative analysis of digital-native and traditional news websites of different political orientations and social media engagement

ABSTRACT The study employed a quantitative content analysis of stories (N = 1200) and photographs (N = 1200) to examine how U.S. digital-native and traditional news websites of different political orientations (right-leaning vs left-leaning) represented immigration in frames, topics and visual frames. Social media engagement was also analyzed to understand how people react to news content. Both in stories and images, left-leaning news websites focused more often on victimization, while right-leaning outlets emphasized threat. This trend was even more pronounced among digital-native news websites. Traditional left-leaning news sites generated the highest number of social media interactions.
Association of reproductive risk factors and comorbidities among molecular subtypes of Breast cancer in a Tertiary care Hospital

The reasons for the recently observed increase in the incidence of breast cancer in the Indian population are not clearly understood, but thought to be largely explained by westernization of lifestyles and changes in reproductive behavior, which characterize exposure to hormones. Our aim is to review the reproductive risk factors and comorbidities and evaluate the association between molecular subtypes of breast cancer. A hospital-based analytical case-control study was conducted among the breast cancer cases with controls in a multispecialty teaching hospital for a period of one year. Totally, 130 subjects were recruited and an interview was conducted using a structured questionnaire to obtain demographic and risk factor data, including tissue marker status (ER, PR and HER-2) obtained from case files. Data were analyzed with SPSS-20 version. Results: The highest age group reported in this study was 51- 60 years which has a 3.8 times increased risk compared to other age and the age group of 31- 40 have a decrease risk of 0.33. In this study, the percentage of post menopause (68%) and mothers not breastfeeding (10%) was higher in cases compared to controls and a noted increase in the risk of breast cancer with odds ratio (OR) of 2.745 (p= <0.0001) and 9.08 (p=0.01) respectively. Duration of breastfeeding showed significantly (p=<0.0001)) moderate positive correlation (r=0.549, 0.457, 0.418 and 0.636) for luminal A, luminal B, HER+, and triple negative respectively. This study found that all the reproductive risk factors do not have correlation with a molecular subtype of breast cancer except breastfeeding. Post menopause and breastfeeding were common factors associated with all people and could be modifiable to prevent the occurrence of breast cancer through lifestyle changes.
Factors Associated with Match Result and Number of Goals Scored and Conceded in the English Premier League

The aim of this research is to identify the factors associated with the match result and the number of goals scored and conceded in the English Premier League. The data consist of 17 performance indicators and situational variables of the football matches in the English Premier League for the season of 2017-18. Poisson regression model was implemented to identify the significant factors in the number of goals scored and conceded, while multinomial logistic regression and support vector machine methods were used to determine the influential factors on the match result. It was found that scoring first, shots on target and goals conceded have significant influence on the number of goals scored, whereas scoring first, match location, quality of opponent, goals conceded, shots and clearances are influential on the number of goals conceded. On the other hand, scoring first, match location, shots, shot on target, clearances and quality of opponent significantly affect the probability of losing; while scoring first, match location, shots, shots on target and possession affect the probability of winning. In addition, among all the variables studied, scoring first is the only variable appearing important in all the analyses, making it the most significant factor for success in football.
PENGARUH MASLAHAH AL-MURSALAH DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM

aslahah Mursalah merupakan salah satu metode penggalian hukum yang biasadigunakan para ulama dalam menetapkan suatu hukum. Banyak perdebatan sengitterjadi mengenai hakikat dan definisi maslahah, syarat-syarat penggunaannya, sekaliguspraktek penerapannya. Para ulama ushul membagi maslahah menjadi tiga yaitu:maslahah yang diterima oleh syara’, yang tidak diterima oleh syara’ dan yangdiperselisishkan oleh ulama muslim karena tidak ada dalil, baik yang menerima maupunyang menolaknya. Maslahah yang ketiga inilah yang menjadi objek kajian teorimaslahah mursalah yang diperkenalkan oleh imam malik dan pengikutnya. Sebagaianpemikir muslim ada yang menerima dan ada pula yang mengabaikannya sebagai dasarpenetapan hukum islam. Namun, sebagian dari mereka, khususnya dari kalangan madzhab al-syafi’iyyahmenolak keras maslahah mursalah sebagai dasar hukum Islam,padahal, jika ditelaahlebih jauh dari sejumlah data refrensi bahwa imam syafi’i sebetulnya menerima denganmetode tersebut, termasuk sebagian pengikut madzhabnya yaitu: imam Ghazali, IzzudinIbnu salam juga menerima maslahah mursalah sebagai sumber hukum Islam, hinggadiikuti oleh para pemikir kontemporer. Oleh sebab itu keberadaan maslahah mursalahmerupakan formolasi hukum yang lebih elegan di tengah derasnya arus perkembanganzaman di dalam mengambil keputusan hukum tidak hanya masalah ibadah uamun jugapada masalah ekonomi yang semuanya itu berorientasi pada pengejewantahan maslahatumat (tahqiq al-maslahah al-‘ibad), dimana al-qur’an dan al-sunah secara eksplisit tidakmenjelaskan isu-isu kekinian yang menjadi prolem pokok umat, dan seyogyanya hal ituharus segera diselesaikan. Oleh karena itu tulisan di bawah akan sedikit menguraikan tentang kehujjahanpengaruh maslahah mursalah dalam ekonomi islam,sebagai pisau telaah kusus yangbanyak perpengaruh untuk menemkan jawaban masalah pada ekonomi kekinian sepertivales, dumbing masalah perbankan dll, yang semua itu harus berorientasi padakemaslahatan umat dan menghindari kemasadatan (kerusakan).
Work-Time Control and Exhaustion: Internal Work-to-Home Interference and Internal Home-to-Work Interference as Mediators

Strong work-time control (WTC) has been linked to reduced employee exhaustion, with work-to-home interference as an underlying mechanism. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mediation effect of both directions of internal work–home interference, namely internal work-to-home interference (IWHI) and internal home-to-work interference (IHWI). The analysis is based on data from the 2015, 2017, and 2019 BAuA-Working Time Survey, a representative German panel study. Cross-lagged panel models were estimated separately for IWHI and IHWI, based on the balanced panel (n = 3390). We investigated the hypothesized indirect as well as potential direct, reversed, and reciprocal effects of the constructs. WTC had a small but significant indirect effect on exhaustion via IWHI. Contrary to assumptions, WTC positively affected IHWI. Unexpectedly, there was no significant effect of IHWI on exhaustion. Hence, only IWHI was identified to mediate WTC’s effect on exhaustion. This implies that WTC helps employees avoid exhaustion from psychological preoccupation with work during free time. In addition, analyses suggested reversed and reciprocal relationships between the investigated constructs. Further investigation is needed to explore the role of psychological preoccupation with private matters during work time in the context of WTC and employee well-being.