Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CGSNet: Channel Group Shuffling Network for Remote Sensing Image Fusion

High-resolution multi-spectral (HRMS) images have been widely used in various fields, however, they can not be directly obtained due to the physical hardware limits of existing remote sensing satellites. Therefore, the pansharpening technique has been widely explored as an effective tool to generate HRMS images by fusing the complementary information of low-resolution multi-spectral (LRMS) images and high-resolution panchromatic (PAN) images. Existing deep learning-based pansharpening methods mainly focus on enhancing the spatial representation ability of the network, while paying little attention to modeling spectral dependencies in spite of its significance for remote sensing data. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective channel group shuffling (CGS) module to explore the implicit relationships with regard to the adjacent and cross-channels while considering spatial information. To be specific, the proposed CGS module consists of two components: the channel group module and the feature shuffle fusion module. The former enhances the diversity of spectral information and cross-channel information communications while ensuring the spectral order of the input feature. The latter integrates the cross-group feature maps with rich spatial-spectral information. Equipped with the proposed functional module, our image fusion network, dubbed CGSNet, produces favorable results against existing state-of-the-art counterparts over various satellite datasets. Ablation studies further verify the flexibility and effectiveness of our core design.
Estimation of biogenic VOCs emissions in Eastern China based on remote sensing data

In order to study emission features of biogenic VOCs(BVOCs) in Eastern China,the widely-used model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature(MEGAN) was adopted.Recent information on leaf area index(LAI) and leaf biomass density of vegetations were based on the remote sensing data.Up-to-date observations on emission factors were investigated from literature.Based on average conditions of vegetation and meteorology between the year 2008 and 2010,hourly biogenic emissions of BVOCs in eastern China were calculated,with spatial grid resolution of 10 km.The results showed that the total amount BVOCs emissions was 11.3×106 t(C),with isoprene(ISOP),monoterpene(MON) and other VOC(OVOC) accounting for 44.9%、31.5%,and 23.6%,respectively.Seasonal variations were significant,and contributions of spring,summer,autumn and winter to the yearly total were 11.2%,71.8%,14.1% and 3.0%,respectively.High emission intensities were usually found in Xing'an Mountain,Changbai Mountain,Qinling-Daba Mountain and southern hilly areas,generally between 1500 and 6500 kg · km-2 · a-1.Both total amount and intensities of emissions from provinces of Fujian,Guangdong,Jiangxi,Zhejiang,Hunan and Hubei are relatively high.Attentions should be paid on the interactions between BVOCs and anthropogenic pollutants(e.g.,nitrogen oxides) in these areas.The inventory of BVOCs emissions achieved in this study is an important groundwork for environmental and climate modeling.
Exploring the cell-free total RNA transcriptome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma patients as biomarker source in blood plasma liquid biopsies

Introduction Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) are aggressive histological subtypes of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Improved understanding of the underlying molecular pathogenesis has led to new classification and risk stratification tools, including the development of cell-free biomarkers through liquid biopsies. The goal of this study was to investigate cell-free RNA (cfRNA) biomarkers in DLBCL and PMBCL patients. Materials and methods Blood plasma samples (n=168) and matched diagnostic formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples (n=69) of DLBCL patients, PMBCL patients and healthy controls were collected between 2016-2021. Plasma samples were collected at diagnosis, at interim evaluation, after treatment, and in case of refractory or relapsed disease. RNA was extracted from 200 µl plasma using the miRNeasy serum/plasma kit and from FFPE tissue using the miRNeasy FFPE kit. RNA was subsequently sequenced on a NovaSeq 6000 instrument using the SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-seq pico v3 library preparation kit. Results Higher cfRNA concentrations were demonstrated in lymphoma patients compared to healthy controls. A large number of differentially abundant genes were identified between the cell-free transcriptomes of DLBCL patients, PMBCL patients, and healthy controls. Overlap analyses with matched FFPE samples showed that blood plasma has a unique transcriptomic profile that significantly differs from that of the tumor tissue. As a good concordance between tissue-derived gene expression and the immunohistochemistry Hans algorithm for cell-of-origin (COO) classification was demonstrated in the FFPE samples, but not in the plasma samples, a 64-gene cfRNA classifier was developed that can accurately determine COO in plasma. High plasma levels of a 9-gene signature (BECN1, PRKCB, COPA, TSC22D3, MAP2K3, UQCRHL, PTMAP4, EHD1, NAP1L1 pseudogene) and a 5-gene signature (FTH1P7, PTMAP4, ATF4, FTH1P8, ARMC7) were significantly associated with inferior progression-free and overall survival in DLBCL patients, respectively, independent of the NCCN-IPI score. Conclusion Total RNA sequencing of blood plasma samples allows the analysis of the cell-free transcriptome in DLBCL and PMBCL patients and demonstrates its unexplored potential in identifying diagnostic, cell-of-origin, and prognostic cfRNA biomarkers.
How much Northern Hemisphere precipitation is associated with extratropical cyclones?

Extratropical cyclones are often associated with heavy precipitation events and can have major socio‐economic impacts. This study investigates how much of the total precipitation in the Northern Hemisphere is associated with extratropical cyclones. An objective feature tracking algorithm is used to locate cyclones and the precipitation associated with these cyclones is quantified to establish their contribution to total precipitation. Climatologies are produced from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) daily dataset and the ERA‐Interim reanalysis. The magnitude and spatial distribution of cyclone associated precipitation and their percentage contribution to total precipitation is closely comparable in both datasets. In some regions, the contribution of extratropical cyclones exceeds 90/85% of the total DJF/JJA precipitation climatology. The relative contribution of the most intensely precipitating storms to total precipitation is greater in DJF than JJA. The most intensely precipitating 10% of storms contribute over 20% of total storm associated precipitation in DJF, whereas they provide less than 15% of this total in JJA.
Substitution of chayote, dragon fruit peel, and kepok banana peel on nutrient content and sensory of Vegetable Leather as high fiber snack

Consumption of vegetables and fruit in school-age children, which is still less than the recommended five servings/day in 2018, can increase the risk of nutritional problems in children due to low fiber consumption, leading to obesity. High-fiber snacks made from local food can be a solution. However, the availability is still limited. This research aims to develop snack products from chayote, dragon fruit peel, and Kepok banana peel. This quasi-experimental study was conducted from April 2021 to August 2022 at Saraswanti Indo Genetech Chemistry Laboratorium in Bogor. The sample consists of moderately trained panelists, as many as 30 people. There were four concentration formulations of chayote, dragon fruit peel, and Kepok banana peel. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova and followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result shows significant differences in color (p= 0,000), taste (p= 0,000), texture (p= 0,000), and overall preference level between formulations (p= 0,002). The selected F2 contains a water content of 18,25%, ash content of 3,12%, protein of 2,82%, fat of 0,28%, carbohydrates of 75,53%, dietary fiber of 10,48 %, and a total plate count of 30 colonies/g. In conclusion, the F2 tends to be more liked by the panelists and can be considered high in fiber.
Day-Ahead Scheduling of Wind-Hydro Balancing Group Operation to Maximize Expected Revenue Considering Wind Power Output Uncertainty

To use energy generated in wind farms (WFs), which contain uncertainty in their output, as a primary power source in a power system, a sophisticated balancing operation scheme is required. This study focuses on a balancing group (BG) scheme combining WFs and a variable-speed pumped-storage hydro generator (PSHG), which has a large capacity to compensate for the WF output. The proposed BG operational scheduling approach aims to maximize the expected revenue obtained in the day-ahead power market under the uncertainty in WF output and market price by considering the operational constraints of the PSHG, i.e., the water storage capacity and frequency of operation for switching pump-up/-down. In such a BG scheme, it is crucial to consider time-varying and time-dependent uncertainties in WF output to manage PSHG capacity constraints, as well as to derive a reasonable plan in practical computation time. The proposed BG operational scheduling scheme derives a set of WF output scenarios that represents the heterogeneous and time-dependent characteristics of real-world WF output behavior from probability density distributions derived by a cutting-edge prediction approach and implements the expected revenue maximization problem with scenario-based chance constraints of water storage transition by introducing computationally effective iterative optimization algorithm based on surrogate functions. Simulation results suggest that the proposed scheme provides an effective BG operation by considering the uncertainty in the WF output.
Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles From Aqueous Extract of Avicennia marina Mangrove Leaves and Their Antibacterial Activities Against Oral Pathogens

Introduction The field of nanotechnology is currently being extensively researched. Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in many fields, such as engineering and medicine, owing to their nanoscale dimensions. Zinc (Zn) appears to be the most desirable metal NP, as it is being applied in various drug delivery systems and other fields. The green synthesis of the NPs used in this study makes it affordable and nonpolluting. Avicennia marina leaves possess antimicrobial properties and a high secondary metabolite content. This study aimed to synthesize ZnO NPs from the aqueous extracts of A. marina mangrove leaves and assess their antibacterial activities against oral pathogens. Methodology The leaves of A. marina were dried to obtain a preprocessed powder, and from that, an aqueous extract was prepared. ZnO NPs were then synthesized by adding the aqueous extract to 100 mL of ZnS solution and mixing it in an orbital shaker. They were observed both visually and by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry to confirm their synthesis. The antibacterial properties of these ZnO NPs were assayed using the disc diffusion method on three different oral bacterial strains (Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella sp.). Results For the synthesis process, it was seen that zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs exhibited a deepening in coloration. Additionally, the UV spectrum analysis revealed a notable absorbance value of 1.2 at a wavelength of 320 nm. The antibacterial efficacy against S. mutans, S. aureus, and Klebsiella sp. was assessed by measuring the zone of inhibition in diameter. At a dosage of 100 µg/mL of ZnO NPs, the inhibition zones were found to be 7.5 ± 0.2, 9.5 ± 0.5, and 9.5 ± 1.2 mm for S. mutans, S. aureus, and Klebsiella sp. , respectively. Similarly, at a concentration of 75 µg/mL, the inhibition zones were measured to be 7 ± 0.25, 9 ± 1, and 7.5 ± 0.5 mm for the respective bacterial strains. Conclusions This study synthesizes ZnO NPs using A. marina leaf aqueous extract in a sustainable and eco-friendly manner. The ZnO NPs' antibacterial activities against oral infections indicate their use in dental products. These NPs have promising potential for nanomedicine and oral health studies due to their antibacterial properties and ecologically sustainable manufacturing.
Factors leading to continuance intention to use big-bikes in Thailand

Abstract The big-bike market has been experiencing steady growth, particularly over the last five years. This upward trend is projected to persist in the future as these products effectively cater to consumers’ desires for convenience, image, and high performance. This study examines the critical factors affecting big-bike marketing in Thailand with a focus on the continuance of intention to use the product. Using a mixed-method approach, this study investigates the key factors and indicators in Thailand’s big-bike (motorcycle) marketing strategy concerning customers’ intention to continue using the product. Four hundred respondents participated in a quantitative survey, and in-depth interviews are conducted for qualitative data collection. Three key factors and 11 key indicators in big-bike marketing were identified. Results reveal customer value (satisfaction) improves brand perception (loyalty), influencing consumers’ intention to continue using or purchasing the product; product value directly influences this intention. The implications of the qualitative findings suggest that advertisers of big-bikes in Thailand should emphasise individualism, the sensation of escapism, heightened self-esteem, and the exhilarating rush experienced during rides. Manufacturers should prioritise the creation of a distinctive and recognisable design while emphasising the attributes of reliability and safety. These findings can guide individuals promoting the big-bike industry in Thailand.
Unveiling Bias: Examining the Influence of Positive Results on Ergogenic Aids in Published Sports Science Studies

Abstract We investigated the potential for publication bias in the field of sports science regarding studies on ergogenic aids and their effects on exercise performance. We found evidence to suggest that journals tend to prioritize studies with positive results (76%) while neglecting those with negative outcomes (2.7%). Worryingly, this could lead to a discrepancy between reported conclusions and actual study outcomes. We also identified inconsistencies between reported outcomes and actual performance variable outcomes. Taken together, these data highlight the need for future research to reduce bias and encourage the publication of studies with both positive and negative results to improve the reliability of scientific evidence in this field.
Plasma-Derived Exosome Proteins as Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Neuroblastoma Patients

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor during infancy, causing up to 10% of mortality in children; thus, identifying novel early and accurate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is mandatory. NB-derived exosomes carry proteins (Exo-prots) reflecting the status of the tumor cell of origin. The purpose of this study was to characterize, for the first time, the Exo-prots specifically expressed in NB patients associated with tumor phenotype and disease stage. We isolated exosomes from plasma specimens of 24 HR-NB patients and 24 low-risk (LR-NB) patients at diagnosis and of 24 age-matched healthy controls (CTRL). Exo-prot expression was measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The data are available via ProteomeXchange (PXD042422). The NB patients had a different Exo-prot expression profile compared to the CTRL. The deregulated Exo-prots in the NB specimens acted mainly in the tumor-associated pathways. The HR-NB patients showed a different Exo-prot expression profile compared to the LR-NB patients, with the modulation of proteins involved in cell migration, proliferation and metastasis. NCAM, NCL, LUM and VASP demonstrated a diagnostic value in discriminating the NB patients from the CTRL; meanwhile, MYH9, FN1, CALR, AKAP12 and LTBP1 were able to differentiate between the HR-NB and LR-NB patients with high accuracy. Therefore, Exo-prots contribute to NB tumor development and to the aggressive metastatic NB phenotype.
Hulbert's Study of Factors Effecting Botanical Composition of Tallgrass Prairie

Lloyd Hulbert's death in May 1986 left a wealth of unfinished projects as well as the legacy of Konza Prairie Research Natural Area, Kansas. One of these was an incomplete manuscript on fire, mowing, and soil effects on the tallgrass prairie, in which canopy cover and frequency in 27 soil-treatment combinations from Konza Prairie were reported. Treat­ ments included unburned and April burned at 1-,2-, and 4-year intervals, annual burning during three seasons, and mowing during two seasons. Soils ranged from deep and non-rocky to shallow, rocky, silty clay loams. Late April burning favored tall C4 grasses at the expense of most forbs, whereas autumn and March burning allowed many forbs to do well. More species occurred on shallow, rocky soils than on deep soils. Annuals and biennials succeeded in mowed areas but not in burned areas. Tables of partially summarized data are included with this report so that other re­ searchers may make use of them.
Hasat öncesi sitokinin uygulamasının karnabaharların (Brassica oleracea L. Botrytis) hasat sonrası fizyolojisine etkisi

2006-2007 yillarinda 2 yil tekrarli olarak Ankara Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Bahce Bitkileri Bolumu’nde yurutulen calismada taclarin ceviz buyuklugunu aldigi hasat oncesi donemde 50 ppm ve hasattan sonra 5 ppm dozlarinda gerceklestirilen sitokinin (CPPU) uygulamalarinin 2 ◦C sicaklik, % 90-95 oransal nem, %3 O2 + %3 CO2, %5 O2 + %5 CO2 ve % 21 O2 + % 0.03 CO2 (Normal atmosfer) kosullarinda 60 gun depolanan “Serrano F1” karnabahar cesidinde tac kalitesine etkisi 20 gun araliklarla belirlenmistir. Ayrica raf omru, 20 oC sicaklikta 48 saat bekletilen taclarda saptanmistir. Arastirmada, kontrollu atmosferli depolama kosullari ile sitokinin uygulamalarinin depolama suresince agirlik kaybi (%), toplam fenolik bilesik kaybi (mg/100), PPO enzim aktivitesi (ml/unite), tac rengi, tat, gorunus, fizyolojik bozulma ve mantari hastaliklarin engellenmesinde normal atmosferli depolama kosullari ve kontrollere gore daha etkili olmustur. Calismada depolama suresince ABA ve sitokinin miktari azalirken etilen duzeyi yukselmistir. Ayrica %3 O2 + %3 CO2 atmosfer kosullarinda taclar 60 gun boyunca basarili bir sekilde depolanmis, %5 O2 + %5 CO2 atmosfer kosullarinda depolanan taclarin 40 gunluk depolama ve 48 saatlik raf omru sonunda dahi tac kalitesini korudugu gozlenmistir. Taclar normal atmosfer kosullarinda sadece 20 gun depolanabilmistir. Sitokinin uygulamalari yapilan taclarda raf omru suresince genel olarak agirlik kaybi, PPO aktivitesi (denemenin ikinci yilinda xatmosfer bilesiminde haric), toplam fenolik bilesik kaybi ve patolojik kayiplar daha dusuk duzeyde belirlenmis, etilen, icsel sitokinin miktari, gorunus ve tat korunumunda daha etkili olmustur. Ancak sitokinin uygulamalarinin renk uzerinde herhangi bir etkisi gozlenmemis, ABA duzeylerinin raf omru sirasinda dalgalanmalar gosterdigi belirlenmistir.
Vaccination dropout and wealth related inequality among children aged 12–35 months in remote and underserved settings of Ethiopia: a cross-sectional evaluation survey

Background Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions that prevents millions of deaths. Although immunization coverage is increasing globally, many children in low- and middle-income countries drop out of the vaccination continuum. This study aimed at determining vaccination dropout rates and predictors in children aged 12–35 months in remote and underserved areas of Ethiopia. Methods This study was part of a cross-sectional evaluation survey that was conducted in 2022 in Ethiopia. The study settings include pastoralist, developing & newly established regions, conflict affected areas, urban slums, internally displaced populations and refugees. A sample of 3,646 children aged 12–35 months were selected using a cluster sampling approach. Vaccination dropout was estimated as the proportion of children who did not get the subsequent vaccine among those who received the first vaccine. A generalized estimating equation was used to assess determinants of the dropout rate and findings were presented using an adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Concentration curve and index were used to estimate wealth related inequality of vaccination dropout. Results A total of 3,646 caregivers of children participated in the study with a response rate of 97.7%. The BCG to Penta-3 (52.5%), BCG to MCV-2 (57.4%), and Penta-1 to Penta-3 (43.9%) dropouts were all high. The highest Penta-1 to Penta-3 dropout rate was found in developing regions (60.1%) and the lowest was in urban slums (11.2%). Caregivers who were working outside their homes [AOR (95% CI) = 3.67 (1.24–10.86)], who had no postnatal care follow-up visits [AOR (95%CI) = 1.66 (1.15–2.39)], who did not receive a service from a skilled birth attendant [AOR (95%CI) = 1.64 (1.21–2.27)], who were older than 45 years [AOR (95% CI) = 12.49 (3.87–40.33)], and who were less gender empowered [AOR (95%CI) = 1.63 (1.24–2.15)] had increased odds of Penta-1 to Penta-3 dropout. The odds of dropout for children from poor caregivers was nearly two times higher compared to their wealthy counterparts [AOR (95%CI) = 1.87 (1.38–2.52)]. Conclusion Vaccination dropout estimates were high among children residing in remote and underserved settings. Poor wealth quintile, advanced maternal age, low women empowerment, and limited utilization of maternity care services contributed to vaccination dropout.
A 76–82 GHz VCO in 65 nm CMOS With 189.3 dBc/Hz PN FOM and −0.6 dBm Harmonic Power for mm-Wave FMCW Applications

We present a mm-wave low-phase-noise (PN) and power-efficient super-harmonic voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) based on a new PN and harmonic power manipulation technique by shaping voltage waveforms. By observing the effect of relative amplitude and phase of fundamental and second harmonic voltage components across the transistor terminals, it is shown how the impulse sensitivity function (ISF) associated with the noise of transistor as well as generated harmonic power by the active device are inter-related. By systematically choosing the passive embedding of the transistor inside the proposed VCO, it is shown how the circuit can achieve a very low PN while maintaining a high harmonic power generation efficiency. The proposed VCO is fabricated in 65-nm Bulk CMOS technology and achieves a measured frequency tuning range (FTR) of 76–82 GHz with a PN of -109.8 dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset frequency, and a peak figure-of-merit (FoM) of 189.3 dBc/Hz. The proposed VCO demonstrates a 4.6% DC-to-RF efficiency and a peak output power of -0.6 dBm. To the best of our knowledge, This work demonstrates the highest FOM among Si/SiGe varactor-based oscillators operating at this frequency band, to date.