Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiview Textured Mesh Recovery by Differentiable Rendering

Although having achieved the promising results on shape and color recovery through self-supervision, the multi-layer perceptrons-based methods usually suffer from heavy computational cost on learning the deep implicit surface representation. Since rendering each pixel requires a forward network inference, it is very computationally intensive to synthesize a whole image. To tackle these challenges, we propose an effective coarse-to-fine approach to recover the textured mesh from multi-views in this paper. Specifically, a differentiable Poisson Solver is employed to represent the object’s shape, which is able to produce topology-agnostic and watertight surfaces. To account for depth information, we optimize the shape geometry by minimizing the differences between the rendered mesh and the predicted depth from multi-view stereo. In contrast to the implicit neural representation on shape and color, we introduce a physically-based inverse rendering scheme to jointly estimate the environment lighting and object’s reflectance, which is able to render the high resolution image at real-time. The texture of reconstructed mesh is interpolated from a learnable dense texture grid. We have conducted the extensive experiments on several multi-view stereo datasets, whose promising results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed approach. The code is available at https://github.com/l1346792580123/diff.
Bridging cumulative and noncumulative geometric frustration response via a frustrated 
N
-state spin system

The resolution of geometric frustration in systems with continuous degrees of freedom often involves a cooperative inhomogeneous response and super-extensive energy scaling. In contrast, the frustration in frustrated Ising-like spin systems is resolved uniformly. In this work we bridge between these two extremes by studying a frustrated model composed of N-state spins, and varying N. The expected cooperative response, observed for large N, is strongly attenuated as N is reduced, in a non-trivial way. Moderate N values show unique topological-like phases not observed before in frustrated models.
CURB-65, qSOFA, and SIRS Criteria in Predicting In-Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients; a Prognostic Accuracy Study

Introduction: Outcome prediction of intensive care unit (ICU)-admitted patients is one of the important issues for physicians. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), Confusion, Urea, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure and Age Above or Below 65 Years (CURB-65), and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) scores in predicting the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients. Methods: This prognostic accuracy study was performed on 225 ICU-admitted patients with a definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 from July to December 2021 in Tehran, Iran. The patients' clinical characteristics were evaluated at the time of ICU admission, and they were followed up until discharge from ICU. The screening performance characteristics of CURB-65, qSOFA, and SIRS in predicting their mortality was compared. Results: 225 patients with the mean age of 63.27±14.89 years were studied (56.89% male). The in-hospital mortality rate of this series of patients was 39.10%. The area under the curve (AUC) of SIRS, CURB-65, and qSOFA were 0.62 (95% CI: 0.55 - 0.69), 0.66 (95% CI: 0.59 - 0.73), and 0.61(95% CI: 0.54 - 0.67), respectively (p = 0.508). In cut-off ≥1, the estimated sensitivity values of SIRS, CURB-65, and qSOFA were 85.23%, 96.59%, and 78.41%, respectively. The estimated specificity of scores were 34.31%, 6.57%, and 38.69%, respectively. In cut-off ≥2, the sensitivity values of SIRS, CURB-65, and qSOFA were evaluated as 39.77%, 87.50%, and 15.91%, respectively. Meanwhile, the specificity of scores were 72.99%, 34.31%, and 92.70%. Conclusions: It seems that the performance of SIRS, CURB-65, and qSOFA is similar in predicting the ICU mortality of COVID-19 patients. However, the sensitivity of CURB-65 is higher than qSOFA and SIRS.
Perceived Social Isolation in Heart Failure

Patients with heart failure (HF) experience social isolation associated with an increased risk of morbidity, mortality, and elevated health care expenditures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with perceived social isolation and to assess the impact of fatigue on social isolation. A total of 100 HF outpatients were enrolled by convenience sampling. Data were collected by completion of the Greek version of the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS-Greek), which also included patients’ characteristics and their self-report about social isolation. Of the 100 participants (68% men; mean age, 68.6 ± 7.1 years), 78% reported perceiving social isolation. Factors significantly associated with perceived social isolation were female sex (P = .001), New York Heart Association class IV (P = .001), stress about HF (P = .002), paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (P = .030), edema in the lower limbs (P = .001), report of receiving many medications (P = .001), change in body image (P = .032), and not following limitations in fluid and sodium intake (P = .001). The MFIS total score determined moderate to high levels of fatigue (median, 70 points; range, 21–105 points). Total fatigue was statistically significantly associated with social isolation as perceived by patients (P = .001). In conclusion, demographic and clinical characteristics as well as fatigue are associated with perceived social isolation. It is essential to evaluate social isolation in routine practice.
Challenges of Emergency Medical Services Response to Arasbaran Twin Earthquakes; a Content Analysis

Introduction: One of the most important concerns in responding to disasters is providing Basic Life Support (BLS) services. Considering the key role of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in providing BLS, the purpose of this study is to investigate the experience of provincial EMS during their response to the Arasbaran twin earthquakes and its challenges in Iran. Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative approach and the conventional content analysis method. Data were collected through Focused Group Discussions (FGD) and semi-structured in-depth interviews with purposively-selected EMS paramedics and officials in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. To form the main categories, the interviews were encoded in three stages and the similar codes were placed under the same subcategories and merged. Results: A total of 26 EMS paramedics participated in the study. The codes extracted from the interviews, after three stages of reduction, were placed in the top ten categories, including the lack of preparedness and coordination, dead bodies' management challenges, responders’ psychosocial support, deficiencies in supplies and ambulances, difficulty of access to rural areas, volunteer management, non-documentation of the experiences, communication challenges, recalling, and deploying of EMS responders. Conclusion: Timely response of the EMS and paramedics’ sense of responsibility for providing services were positive and successful points about the emergency response operations. The weaknesses of EMS should, therefore, be addressed through transferring of experiences and by planning and arranging training courses.
Investigating the relationship between Malaysian rugby sevens match officials physical fitness and performance

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between rugby match officials physical fitness to their performance. 132 rugby side match official seven were selected as the respondent of the study. ANOVA indicated no significant differences [F = (3, 128) = 0.322, p = 0.809] in physical fitness across age level but there is a significant differences [F = (3, 128) = 60.903, p < 0.05] across experience level. Highly experienced match officials scored significantly higher in physical fitness compared to less experienced match officials. There is a positive and significant relationship between physical fitness (r = 0.64, p < 0.05) to match official performance. Finally, physical fitness are important for rugby sevens match officials and it must considered as criteria in determining match official grades.
The impact of structural flexibilities of wheelsets and rails on the hunting behaviour of a railway vehicle

ABSTRACT The hunting motion of a passenger coach is investigated using a multibody system in which the wheelsets and the rails can be modelled as flexible bodies. By comparing the results for different model variants, in which the structural flexibilities of the wheelsets and of the rails are either taken into account or neglected, the impact of the flexibilities is analysed. It turns out that the flexibilities of both the wheelsets and the rails have a significant impact on the hunting behaviour by increasing the lateral motions of the wheelsets and lowering the critical speed. In order to investigate the impact of the flexibilities under different operating conditions, the calculations are carried out for track geometries using different rail profiles (60E1, 60E2) and different rail cants (1:40, 1:20) and for different values for the friction coefficient (0.25…0.4) at the wheel–rail contact. The results show that the influence of the flexibilities is the strongest for high lateral forces, which occur e.g. for contact geometries leading to high hunting frequencies and for high values of the friction coefficient. The results also show in some cases a strong impact of the flexibilities on the position of the wheel–rail contact on the running surface of the rail, which is of particular interest with respect to wear simulation.
Apr 27, 2021 A carbohydrate-binding family 48 module enables feruloyl esterase action

belonging to carbohydrate esterase family 1 (CE1), hydrolyze ester bonds between ferulic acid (FA) and arabinose moieties in arabinoxylans. some CE1 enzymes identified metagenomics studies have been predicted to contain a family 48 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM48), a CBM family associated with starch binding. Two of these wastewater treatment sludge (wts) Fae1A and wtsFae1B isolated from wastewater treatment surplus sludge, have a cognate CBM48 and are feruloyl esterases, and wtsFae1A binds arabinoxylan. Here, we show that wtsFae1B also binds to arabinoxylan and that neither binds starch. Surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed that wtsFae1B’s K d for xylohexaose is 14.8 (cid:2) M and that it does not bind to starch mimics, (cid:3) -cyclodextrin, or maltohexaose. Interestingly, in the absence of CBM48 domains, the CE1 regions from wtsFae1A and wtsFae1B did not bind arabinoxylan and were also unable to catalyzeFAreleasefromarabinoxylan.Pretreatmentwitha (cid:3) - D -1,4-xylanase did enable CE1 domain-mediated FA release from arabinoxylan in the absence of CBM48, indicating that CBM48 is essential for the CE1 activity on the polysaccharide. Crystal structures of wtsFae1A (at 1.63 A˚ resolution) and wtsFae1B (1.98A˚)revealedthatbotharefoldedproteinscomprisingstruc-turally-conserved hydrogen bonds that lock the CBM48 position relative to that of the CE1 domain. wtsFae1A docking indicated that both enzymes accommodate the arabinoxylan backbone in a cleft at the CE1–CBM48 domain interface. Binding at this cleft appears to enable CE1 activities on polymeric arabinoxylan, illustrating an unexpected and crucial role of CBM48 domains for accommodating arabinoxylan.
Heavy drinking and problem drinking among youth in Uganda: A structural equation model of alcohol marketing, advertisement perceptions and social norms

Abstract Introduction To determine the role of alcohol marketing, perceptions of marketing and social norms on heavy alcohol use and problem drinking among vulnerable youth in Uganda. Methods The Kampala Youth Survey is a cross‐sectional study conducted in 2014 with service‐seeking youth (ages 12–18 years) living in the slums of Kampala (n = 1134) who were participating in Uganda Youth Development Link drop‐in centres. Survey measures assessed perceptions of alcohol advertisements, social norms regarding alcohol use, heavy alcohol use and problem drinking. Factor analyses and structural equation models were computed to determine the predictors (e.g. social norms and alcohol marketing exposure) for drinking amounts, heavy drinking and problem drinking. Results Alcohol marketing allure, perceptions of adults' alcohol attitudes and respondent's male gender were significantly predictive of heavy drinking. Similarly, in addition to drinking amount and heaviness, only alcohol marketing exposure and friends' alcohol attitudes, as well as respondent's own attitudes about alcohol, significantly predicted variation in problem drinking. Discussion and Conclusions Alcohol marketing exposure and allure are significant predictors of heavy drinking and problem drinking among youth in Uganda. Prevention programs that reduce exposure to and allure of alcohol marketing may prove promising for reducing alcohol use and related problems among these vulnerable youth in a low‐resource setting.
Crosstalk between lysine methyltransferase Smyd2 and TGF-β-Smad3 signaling promotes renal fibrosis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an inherited genetic disorder, which is caused by mutations of PKD1 or PKD2 gene and is characterized by renal fluid-filled cyst formation and interstitial fibrosis. PKD1 gene mutation results in the upregulation of SET and MYND domain-containing lysine methyltransferase 2 (SMYD2) in Pkd1 mutant mouse and ADPKD patient kidneys. However, the role and mechanism of Smyd2 in the regulation of renal fibrosis in ADPKD remains elusive. In this study, we show that: 1) the expression of Smyd2 can be regulated by TGF-β-Smad3 in normal rat kidney 49F (NRK-49F) cells and mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells; 2) knockdown of Smyd2 and inhibition of Smyd2 with its specific inhibitor, AZ505, decreases TGF-β-induced expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, collagens 1 and 3 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1( PAI1) in NRK-49F cells; 3) Smyd2 regulates the transcription of fibrotic marker genes through binding on the promoters of those genes or through methylating histone H3 to indirectly regulate the expression of those genes; and 4) knockout and inhibition of Smyd2 significantly decreases renal fibrosis in Pkd1 knockout mice, supporting that targeting Smyd2 can not only delay cyst growth but also attenuate renal fibrosis in ADPKD. This study identifies a crosstalk between TGF-β signaling and Smyd2 in the regulation of fibrotic gene transcription and the activation of fibroblasts in cystic kidneys, suggesting that targeting Smyd2 with AZ505 is a potential therapeutic strategy for ADPKD treatment.
Irrigant flow in the root canal during ultrasonic activation: A numerical fluid–structure interaction model and its validation

Abstract Aim The aim of the study was (a) to develop a three‐dimensional numerical model combining the oscillation of a tapered ultrasonic file and the induced irrigant flow along with their two‐way interaction in the confinement of a root canal. (b) To validate this model through comparison with experiments and theoretical (analytical) solutions of the flow. Methodology Two partial numerical models, one for the oscillation of the ultrasonic file and another one for the irrigant flow inside the root canal around the file, were created and coupled in order to take into account the two‐way coupled fluid–structure interaction. Simulations were carried out for ultrasonic K‐files and for smooth wires driven at four different amplitudes in air or inside an irrigant‐filled straight root canal. The oscillation pattern of the K‐files was determined experimentally by Scanning Laser Vibrometry, and the flow pattern inside an artificial root canal was analysed using high‐speed imaging together with Particle Image Velocimetry. Analytical solutions were obtained from an earlier study. Numerical, experimental and analytical results were compared to assess the validity of the model. Results The comparison of the oscillation amplitude and node location of the ultrasonic files and of the irrigant flow field showed a close agreement between the simulations, experiments and theoretical solutions. Conclusions The model is able to predict reliably the file oscillation and irrigant flow inside root canals during ultrasonic activation under similar conditions.
Sexual Behaviors and Aggression in Gay Pornography

ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested a substantial number of men who have sex with men (MSM) have consumed and used pornography to learn about same-sex sexual behaviors. Yet, past research has focused almost exclusively on condom-use in the category of Gay pornography and ignored the types of sexual behaviors and aggression depicted within the content. This study examined aggression and sexual behaviors depicted in Gay online pornography (N = 415). We found fellatio and anal sex were the most common behaviors, occurring in roughly two-thirds of scenes, while kissing occurred in less than a third of scenes. Additionally, sexual aggression occurred in 31% of scenes, with spanking being the most common, occurring in 20% of scenes. Anal sex and forced fellatio were found to be predictors of physical aggression. These findings point to normalization of aggression and narrow sexual behaviors in Gay pornography, which may have implications for MSM’s norm perceptions related to sexuality.
A Peer Data Benchmarking Intervention to Reduce Opioid Overprescribing: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Driving physician behavior change has been an elusive goal for quality improvement efforts aimed at reducing low-value care. We proposed the use of “nudge” interventions at the surgeon level in order to reduce post-surgical opioid overprescribing in accordance with consensus guidelines. Methods We used 2017 Medicare data to identify outlier surgeons. A peer data benchmarking report that showed each surgeon the average number of opioid tablets they prescribed for an open inguinal hernia repair procedure from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. We conducted a 1:1 randomized controlled trial providing outlier surgeons a report of their opioid prescribing patterns for a standard operation compared to the national average and prescribing guidelines. Results There were 489 surgeons randomized to the intervention, of which 180 (36.8%) had data in the post-intervention period. Data was available for 87 surgeons in the intervention group and 93 surgeons in the control group. 97.7% of surgeons in the intervention group reduced their opioid prescribing pattern compared to 95.7% in the control group. Surgeons who received the data benchmarking report intervention prescribed 14.3% less opioids than surgeons in the control group (10.54 (SD 5.34) vs. 12.30 (SD 6.02), P = . 04). The intervention was associated with a 1.83 lower mean number of opioid tablets prescribed per patient in the multivariable linear regression model after controlling for other factors (Intervention group vs. control group 95% CI [−3.61, −.04], P = .04). Discussion The implementation of a peer data benchmarking intervention can drive physician behavior change towards high-value care.
Reducing water uptake into BY‐2 cells by systematically optimizing the cultivation parameters increases product yields achieved by transient expression in plant cell packs

Plant‐based production systems are inexpensive and easy to handle, allowing them to complement existing platforms for the production of protein‐based vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostic reagents. However, screening product candidates in whole plants requires a large facility footprint and is challenging due to natural variations in recombinant protein accumulation. In contrast, plant cell packs (PCPs) allow more than 1000 samples to be screened per day in microtiter plates. PCPs enable rapid development cycles based on transient expression in as little as 3 days, and yield milligram quantities of product for initial quality assessment and functional testing. However, this requires high‐level expression in BY‐2 cells and consistent cell quality across batches. We therefore used a statistical design of experiments (DoE) approach to systematically assess factors that contribute to consistent high yields of recombinant proteins in PCPs. Specifically, we tested the osmolality, pH, carbon source, light source, and additives during cell cultivation, as well as cell and PCP harvest times. The careful adjustment of these factors increased overall productivity by approximately fourfold. Remarkably all cultivation conditions leading to high productivities during transient expression in PCPs were associated with a reduced water uptake into the central vacuole. The universal presence of a vacuole in plant cells indicates that our results should be transferrable to other cells lines. Our findings therefore support the broad application of PCPs for screening and product analysis during the development of protein‐based pharmaceuticals and reagents in plants.
Interventions to promote home radon testing: A randomized clinical trial of a smartphone app vs. printed brochures

Radon is a preventable cause of lung cancer, but the percentage of homes tested for radon is low. We previously developed a smartphone app that informs users about radon and allows them to request a free radon test. Here we conducted a randomized, controlled trial comparing the radon app versus printed brochures on radon knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, including the proportion of participants requesting radon tests. Participants (N = 138) were undergraduates at a midwestern university. Data were analyzed by t‐tests, general linear models, and logistic regression. App users showed significantly greater increases in radon knowledge (p = 0.010) and self‐efficacy (p < 0.001) and requested tests three times more often than brochure recipients (41.4% vs. 13.2%, p < 0.001). However, the rate of test usage in each condition was low, ~3%. In conclusion, the radon app markedly outperformed brochures in increasing knowledge and requests for radon tests. Future work should focus on methods to increase test usage.
Plasma and Interstitial Fluid Pharmacokinetics of Prophylactic Cefazolin in Elective Bariatric Surgery Patients

Guidelines for surgical prophylactic dosing of cefazolin in bariatric surgery vary in terms of recommended dose. This study aimed to describe the plasma and interstitial fluid (ISF) cefazolin pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and to determine an optimum dosing regimen. ABSTRACT Guidelines for surgical prophylactic dosing of cefazolin in bariatric surgery vary in terms of recommended dose. This study aimed to describe the plasma and interstitial fluid (ISF) cefazolin pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and to determine an optimum dosing regimen. Abdominal subcutaneous ISF concentrations (measured using microdialysis) and plasma samples were collected at regular time points after administration of cefazolin 2 g intravenously. Total and unbound cefazolin concentrations were assayed and then modeled using Pmetrics. Monte Carlo dosing simulations (n = 5,000) were used to define cefazolin dosing regimens able to achieve a fractional target attainment (FTA) of >95% in the ISF suitable for the MIC for Staphylococcus aureus in isolates of ≤2 mg · L−1 and for a surgical duration of 4 h. Fourteen patients were included, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) bodyweight of 148 (35) kg and body mass index (BMI) of 48 kg · m−2. Cefazolin protein binding ranged from 14 to 36% with variable penetration into ISF of 58% ± 56%. Cefazolin was best described as a four-compartment model including nonlinear protein binding. The mean central volume of distribution in the final model was 18.2 (SD 3.31) L, and the mean clearance was 32.4 (SD 20.2) L · h−1. A standard 2-g dose achieved an FTA of >95% for all patients with BMIs ranging from 36 to 69 kg · m−2. A 2-g prophylactic cefazolin dose achieves appropriate unbound plasma and ISF concentrations in obese and morbidly obese bariatric surgery patients.