Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study of Variation in PPV through Different Types of Soil Using Geophones during Blast Loading

1Assistant Professor, 2,3,4,5B.tech students, Department of Civil Engineering, Viswajyothi College of Engineering & Technology, Vazhakulam, Ernakulam, Kerala-686670, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Environmental problems arisen from ground vibration and air blast have been faced and discussed in various industries such as mining, construction, quarry, pipe line etc. where blasting is unavoidable. The solution methods have been sought in order to make the problems as small as possible. With increasing environmental constraints on the levels of disturbance induced by blasting operations on nearby residents, there is an increasing need to design cautions blasting with greater precision. Also the prediction of ground vibration components is extremely important for the minimization of the environmental complaints. The blast load on structures is caused by quarrying, mining activities, accidental explosion of underground explosives, excavation activities, etc. The vibration level at a distance depends on charge per delay, vibration frequency, rock characteristics, blast hole conditions, presence of water, propagation of surface and body waves in the ground, and to a lesser extension method of initiation. Fractures are developed in rocks due to tensile and shear stresses. Hence, studies of blastinduced ground vibrations in rocks and soil have become important. There are general equations as per site conditions which are used to calculate the PPV (Peak Particle Velocity). These equations mainly depend upon the site constants which are proportionately related to field density. This paper studies the variation in PPV with the soil characteristics so as to predict the extend of structural damage and the effects in soil properties.
Light- and Ca2+-Modulated Heterotrimeric GTPases in the Eyespot Apparatus of a Flagellate Green Alga

Little is known about phototactic signal transduction in flagellate green algae; therefore, eyespot apparatuses, which are the light-sensitive “organelles” involved in photoorientation of these algae, were isolated and analyzed for the presence of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) and their coupling to the retinal-based photoreceptor. Specific high-affinity 35S-GTP-γ-S binding and GTPase activity, with sensitivity toward antibodies raised against vertebrate/invertebrate Gα subunits and fluoroaluminates, were detected. In one- and two-dimensional immunoblot analyses, an antiserum directed against Giα-type subunits exhibited cross-reactivity at 42 kD, whereas a 43-kD protein cross-reacted with antisera directed against Gqα subunits. Green light below 1 μE m−2 sec−1 suppressed cholera toxin–dependent ADP ribosylation at these apparent molecular masses and modulated a significant proportion of the GTPase activity in a reversible manner. Antisera against Chlamydomonas rhodopsin and the Gα subunits completely impaired light modulation. Both light sensitivity and dark recovery of the GTPase were affected by changes in free Ca2+. Dissociation of the putative Gα subunits from the eyespot membranes was not observed when the membranes were illuminated. Our results emphasize the regulatory potential of Gα subunits in rhodopsin-based signaling of flagellate green algae.
STUDIES ON INTRINSIC FLUID DYNAMICS ISSUES PERTINENT TO HIGH-PERFORMANCE ROCKETS

Theoretical studies have been carried out to examine the grain geometry dependent driving forces on flow separation and reattachment in high-performance solid rockets. The parametric studies have been carried out in an inert simulator of a solid rocket motor with divergent port using a two-dimensional standard k-omega turbulence model. It was observed that due to the area fraction blocked by the boundary layer displacement thickness the motor axial velocity increased up to a critical distance from the inlet section and further it altered due to the coupled effect of grain geometry and the motor nozzle, which in turn will alter the separation and reattachment/secondary ignition point.
Treatment of Residual Psychotic Symptons in Ultra-Refractory Schizophrenia after 10 Sessions of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)

A recent meta-analysis based on functional neuroimaging studies showed that, during the occurrence of Auditory Hallucinations (AH), patients with schizophrenia exhibit a significant overactivation of the left parieto-temporal cortex (middle and upper temporal and Wernicke's area), left lower frontal cortex (Drill front area, operculum, anterior insula, precentral gyrus), as well as their rights counterparts [1].
How do union membership, union density and institutionalization affect perceptions of conflict between management and workers?

This article contributes to debates about trade unions and conflict by studying how individuals’ perceptions of conflicts between management and workers relate to trade union membership, country-level trade union density and institutionalization (collective bargaining coverage, centralization and policy concertation). Hierarchical multi-level models are fitted to data from the International Social Survey Programme from 2009. The results show that union members tend to be more likely than non-members to perceive management–worker conflicts and that this appears not to vary substantially between countries. However, regardless of union membership, individuals in countries with higher trade union density and with policy concertation tend to be significantly less likely to perceive conflicts. These findings highlight the risk of atomic fallacies in research limited to the individual-level effects of union membership. Contrary to an argument often raised by pluralists, neither bargaining coverage nor centralization has significant effects. Overall, the results question depictions of trade unions as divisive organizations.
Experimental Study of using Recycled Lubricating Oil as a Diesel Engine Fuel

A Twin-cylinder, naturally-aspirated, directinjection (DI), compression-ignition engine was used to perform a comparative study on the effect of using different blends of Recycled Waste Lubricating Oil (RWLO) and petroleum diesel (W0) on engine performance and emissions. Different blends of RWLO were used [10% RWLO + 90% diesel (denoted as W10), 20% RWLO + 80% diesel (denoted as W20), 30% RWLO + 70% diesel (denoted as W30) and 40% RWLO + 60% diesel (denoted as W40)] to operate the engine at fifteen engine loads in addition to test the effect of varying the injection pressure on the same parameters. The engine was operated at 2400 lb/in2 (~ 165 bar) injection pressure. The injection pressure was raised to 2800 lb/in2 (~193 bar) in order to eliminate the undesirable effect of RWLO when used as a fuel and it was not appropriate to raise the injection pressure further more due to technical difficulties regarding the engine. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), exhaust gas temperature (EGT), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) emissions increased by about 14, 17, 39, 22 and 60 % respectively in addition to a reduction in the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) by 12 and15 % respectively upon switching from W0 to W40. Increasing the injection pressure enhanced the engine performance by increasing the BTE and reducing both BSFC and HC emissions.
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Treatment for Osteoid Osteoma of The Spine. A Case Report

Osteoid osteomas are benign but painful bone-forming tumors usually involving long bones, with localization at the spine in 10-20% of the cases. The most common symptom is back pain responding to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but in some cases, also radicular pain can be present. For years, surgical excision has been considered the best choice of treatment for cases with unresponsive pain and has been practiced with a high percentage of success but also a high rate of fusion with instrumentation. In the last years, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation has been proposed as a new mini-invasive technique for the treatment of osteoid osteomas.
The Orang-utan in Sabah Today

Anyone who has ever kept orang-utans would agree that they are the most lovable and fascinating of animals. Their sad expressions and reserved ways give them a depth of character rare outside our own species. Man's interest in them has been great for hundreds of years and cave deposits from Sarawak show that our ancestors of thirty thousand years ago shared this interest. Yet the orang-utan or ‘man of the woods’ has now become the rarest, most threatened and least understood of all the apes.
Trend estimation in populations with imperfect detection

Summary 1. Trends of animal populations are of great interest in ecology but cannot be directly observed owing to imperfect detection. Binomial mixture models use replicated counts to estimate abundance, corrected for detection, in demographically closed populations. Here, we extend these models to open populations and illustrate them using sand lizard Lacerta agilis counts from the national Dutch reptile monitoring scheme. 2. Our model requires replicated counts from multiple sites in each of several periods, within which population closure is assumed. Counts are described by a hierarchical generalized linear model, where the state model deals with spatio-temporal patterns in true abundance and the observation model with imperfect counts, given that true state. We used WinBUGS to fit the model to lizard counts from 208 transects with 1–10 (mean 3) replicate surveys during each spring 1994–2005. 3. Our state model for abundance contained two independent log-linear Poisson regressions on year for coastal and inland sites, and random site effects to account for unexplained heterogeneity. The observation model for detection of an individual lizard contained effects of region, survey date, temperature, observer experience and random survey effects. 4. Lizard populations increased in both regions but more steeply on the coast. Detectability increased over the first few years of the study, was greater on the coast and for the most experienced observers, and highest around 1 June. Interestingly, the population increase inland was not detectable when the observed counts were analysed without account of detectability. The proportional increase between 1994 and 2005 in total lizard abundance across all sites was estimated at 86% (95% CRI 35–151). 5.Synthesis and applications. Open-population binomial mixture models are attractive for studying true population dynamics while explicitly accounting for the observation process, i.e. imperfect detection. We emphasize the important conceptual benefit provided by temporal replicate observations in terms of the interpretability of animal counts.
International Commodity Prices and Inflation Dynamics in Sierra Leone

This study examines the impact of international commodity price changes, measured in local currency, on consumer prices in Sierra Leone. Monthly data from January 2007 to August 2016 are used to examine the long-run relationship and the short-run dynamics. The study finds the dynamics of cocoa, oil, and rice prices as significant determinants of domestic consumer prices both in the long-run and the short-run. Domestic consumer prices are shown to respond negatively to rising cocoa prices, one of the country’s major export commodities. The study suggests deliberate efforts on the part of authorities for the improvement and expansion of production base of the country’s export POLICY BRIEF International Commodity Prices and Inflation Dynamics in Sierra Leone
Incorporating Task-specific Features into Deep Models to Classify Argument Components

In order to effectively grade persuasive writing we must be able to reliably identify and extract extract argument structures. In order to do this we must classify arguments by their structural roles (e.g., major claim, claim, and premise). Current approaches to clas-siﬁcation typically rely on statistical models with heavy feature-engineering or on deep neural-networks that do not consider prior knowledge or other secondary features. Little research has been carried out to investigate if we can incorporate features into deep models to address AM tasks. In this work, we propose to incorporate lightweight features into deep models to classify argument components. We experimented with two state of the art (SOTA) approaches: 1) linear-Long-Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models with concatenated feature vectors; or 2) Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) structured LSTMs. In our models we incorporated the features of argument position (e.g., if the argument is in the ﬁrst para-graph) and prior knowledge of discourse indicators (e.g., in conclusion, for example). We use two baselines in our work: 1) prior work using SVM models with heavy feature engineering; 2) traditional linear-Bi-LSTMs with no task-speciﬁc features. Our results show that with a comparatively small number of lightweight features, both linear-Bi-LSTMs and DAG-Bi-LSTMs outperform SVM models that depend on more heavy feature engineering, and outperform linear-Bi-LSTMs with only general word embedding features. These results suggest that incorporating task-speciﬁc elements into deep models may potentially beneﬁt argument mining tasks.
Using cross-correlations to assess the relationship between time-lagged pressure and state indicators: an exemplary analysis of North Sea fish population indicators

A sustainable ecosystem-based management, as postulated by the European Union-Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), requires a sound understanding of the cause– effect relationships between human pressures and ecosystem states. In this study, cross-correlations are used to introduce a protocol for the analysis of time-lagged relationships between pressure and state indicators. To perform meaningful cross-correlations, the time-series of the pressure and the state indicator should be prewhitened by fitting autoregressive integrated moving average models to the pressure indicator time-series. This study provides some theoretical examples on the implications of non-prewhitened and prewhitened cross-correlations and exemplifies the use of prewhitened cross-correlations to compare the pressure –state relationship of a well-established indicator suite vs. the relationship of a new indicator proposed under the MSFD. The established indicator suite is fishing mortality (F ) vs. spawning-stock biomass (SSB), the new indicator suite is F vs. the 95% percentile of the length frequency distribution (L95). The L95 aims to characterize the proportion of large individuals within a population. The prewhitened cross-correlations for F and SSB are significant for all four analysed species (cod, haddock, saithe, and plaice), the L95 is correlated with F for cod, haddock, and saithe. However, the L95 was also influenced by the annual survey catch and recruitment.
K-MEANS METHOD FOR CLUSTERING WATER QUALITY STATUS ON THE RIVERS OF BANJARMASIN, INDONESIA

The surface river water quality in Banjarmasin city tends to decline constantly as the result of direct and indirect waste disposal from various human activities along the river body. This study aimed to determine the vulnerability points against pollution in the rivers of Banjarmasin using clustering techniques with K-means algorithm. The parameters observed include Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspend Solid (TSS) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO). The data were collected at eight water monitoring stations on various rivers in Banjarmasin city. With the K-means method, four water quality status were clustered. The result showed that 6 stations observed during the period April to October 2016 were catagorized into the heavy polluted cluster with major pollution point of sources came from the domestic and industrial activities.
Potential galactogogues effect of Silymarin: An experimental study in female rats

The study aimed to evaluate the galactogogues effect of Silymarin in pregnant and lactating female rats. A total of 72 pregnant female Wistar rats randomly divided into 3 groups (24 rats of each). Rats in first group used as control, received drinking water daily for 14 days from 8th day of gestation till the delivery, while the animals in second group, received Metoclopramide (5mg\kg\day) as the same period. In addition to Silymarin group (treatment group) received Silymarin (200 mg\kg\day) as the same period. Dams’ body weights have been monitored throughout the pregnancy. At the first day of parturition, litter weights have been measured, and (8) animals of each groups were sacrificed, blood sample were collected to measure the serum prolactin level. In addition, the litters were allocated in to (8) litters per lactated dam. Then each group sub divided in to two sub groups A and B according to continue or discontinue of received drugs, for 11days from parturition. Silymarin in a dose (200mg\kg) was significantly increase litters body weight and serum prolactin level in pregnant female rat (p< 0.05) in compared with control and Metoclopramide groups. Silymarin and Metoclopramide during the eleventh day of lactation registered significant differences (P<0.05) in their serum prolactin concentration, litters weight gain compared with that stopped in receiving the treatment in the same group, whereas control subgroups revealed no significant (P>0.05) differences when compared with each other. It can be concluded that Silymarin has potential glactogoguse effect and enhance milk production.
Relevance of weed science in modern agriculture

Weed science is the one of the discipline in agricultural sciences which mainly concerns with plants that may be considered weeds, their effects on human activities, and management. Weed science unlike entomology and pathology is very recent discipline of agriculture considered important in 20th century and since then attention is being paid to evolve weed control technologies for higher crop production under safe environment. The role of weed management under changing modern agricultural scenario has become more important considering the higher labour wages as well as non availabity of labour at peak time of availability. The research on use of herbicides continued since 1960 and between 1980 and 1990 many herbicides having lower doses of application compare to earlier herbicides and also herbicide resistant crop came into existence. Herbicides residues in soil and plant are also of great concern considering health and environmental hazards. Continued application of same herbicides in same field invite resistant biotype which are difficult to control. Hence, development of eco friendly technology is the call of day. There is need to go strengthen weed science research under changing agricultural scenario under climate change, conservation agriculture, precision farming, herbicide resistance weeds, integrated weed management, weed management in pulses and oilseed crops, use of un manned aerial vehicle, plant image science for weed control to mitigate the challenges of modern agriculture.
Spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) perform poorly on and disperse from plants exposed to methyl jasmonate

Jasmonates are plant hormones involved in wound and defense responses against herbivorous arthropods. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is used experimentally to induce defense responses in plants. In experiments outlined here we utilized a novel preference assay with unwounded plants that allowed us to study the impact of a MeJA spray on subsequent Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) proliferation and preference. Spraying plants with 100 μm MeJA 1 day before infestation caused mites to disperse within 2 days from treated impatiens [Impatiens wallerana Hook f. , ‘Super Elfin Pink’ (Balsaminaceae)], pansy [Viola × wittrockiana Gams, ‘Imperial Beaconsfield’ (Violaceae)], and tomato [Solanum lycopersicum L. , ‘Big Boy’ (Solanaceae)] plants. In addition, MeJA application reduced mite proliferation rate on impatiens and pansy by 60% (measured 22–34 days after infestation). Proteinase inhibitor (PI) assays suggested that MeJA‐induced PIs alone were not responsible for the observed results in pansy and impatiens but may have been a factor in tomato. Implications of these results in the context of MeJA‐induced resistance responses and possible directions for future research and application are discussed.
EXPERIMENTAL TESTS ON ROCKFILL DAM BREACHING PROCESS

The outflow hydrograph resulting from a dam failure represents the upstream boundary condition of any dam break flood model for valley risk management. Previous studies characterizing a dam breach outflow are mainly concerned with earth dams. Rockfill dams are an alternative solution to create water reservoirs but its breaking characteristics have not been subjected to research and criteria. Each new approach needs experimental work to understand phenomenological aspects to which does not, or can not, exist any analytical approach so far. In order to attenuate the lack of knowledge about the breaching mechanism on rockfill dams, an experimental facility was built at the CEHIDRO Laboratory (I. S. T.). Several tests were carried out to better understand the breaching process and aiming at the characterization of the breach final configuration. Some preliminary but important results were obtained pointing towards new research directions: (i) the discharge that induces the beginning of the breaching process; (ii) the description of the dam body behaviour during the overtopping; (iii) the characterization of the breaching process; (iv) the comparison between the bottom erosion and the lateral erosion rate; (v) the breach final shape; and (vi) the ratio between the breach parameters (final average width and final depth) and the dam height.
Geological controls on conifer distributions and their implications for forest management in Finnish Lapland

Abstract Soil water and nutrient regimes of naturally established old-growth conifer stands and those of intensively managed Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst. ] sites were assessed over a range of lithological provinces in Finnish Lapland. Soil dielectric permittivity (ϵ), as a measure of soil water content (θ v) and soil electrical conductivity (σ a), as a measure of soil solute content, were species specific, such that high soil θ v>0.27 cm3cm−3 (ϵ>15) constitutes an edaphic constraint for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and low soil solute content (σ a<0.5 mS m−1) is constraining for Norway spruce. The spatial pattern of the soil θ v was temporally stabile, such that intraseasonal and interseasonal soil θ v was significantly higher in silty tills of spruce stands compared to sandy tills of pine stands. Scots pine was the only conifer on tills derived from felsic rocks of Hetta granite (HG) and Lapland granulite (LG). Norway spruce dominated on tills derived from the mafic rocks of Lapland greenstone belt (LGB), but tills of LG and HG constitute a dispersal barrier for spruce. Mechanical site preparation (MSP) with ploughing (Marttiini) was not able to amend soil θ v to meet site requirements of Scots pine at former spruce sites. MSP resulted in significant reduction in soil nutrient content such that untreated control σ a>tilt/shoulder σ a>trench σ a. The results imply that MSP treatments through which cross-contour tracks are created pose a risk to the sustainability of soil quality in Lapland.