Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Terahertz Channel Modeling in Internet of Multimedia Design In-Body Antenna

In this paper, the authors have emphasized on the perspectives of the Terahertz channel modeling in Internet of multimedia nano things (IoMNT) networks. A modulation technique targeting body-centric network is discussed. An analogy of a real Terahertz antenna is developed within a terahertz multi-layer modelling channel for a human skin tissue. As a result, the investigation of how signals at THz frequency band interact and transmit within the skin biomaterial. The human skin model used to collect data was selected to have four layers: epidermis, dermis, blood, and hypodermis, with the depth of the layers varying between normal human body values. It is revealed from the literature that the frequency and content have a substantial impact on path failure. The estimated path loss could thus differ considerably, but for a human skin model with depths of 0.21 mm, 1.23 mm, 1.38 mm, and 3.76 mm, the frequencies of 0.5-1.5 THz at the end distance resulted in a path loss estimated about 250-350 dB.
Harmonic Analysis of Probability Measures on Hypergroups

A systematic presentation of the applications of the hypergroup method to problems in probability theory that deals exclusively with topological hypergroups, focusing on those that are commutative. It considers hypergroups as locally compact spaces with a group-like structure on which the bounded measures convolve in a similar way to that on a locally compact group. The volume covers hypergroups and their measure algebras, the dual of a commutative hypergroup, some special classes of hypergroups, positive and negative definite functions and measures, convolution semigroups and divisibility of measures, transience of convolution semigroups, and randomized sums of hypergroup-valued random variables.
Association of Coffee and Tea Consumption with the Risk of Asthma: A Prospective Cohort Study from the UK Biobank

Background: Previous observational studies investigated the relationship between coffee and tea intake and the risk of asthma, however, the conclusions were inconsistent. Further, the combined effect of coffee and tea consumption on asthma has rarely been studied. Methods: We examined associations between the self-reported intake of tea and coffee and the risk of incident asthma in a total of 424,725 participants aged from 39 to 73 years old from the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations between coffee/tea consumption and incident adult-onset asthma, adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), education, and Townsend deprivation index. Results: Cox models with penalized splines showed J-shaped associations of coffee, tea, caffeinated coffee, and caffeine intake from coffee and tea with the risk of adult-onset asthma (p for nonlinear <0.01). Coffee intake of 2 to 3 cups/d (hazard ratio [HR] 0.877, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.826–0.931) or tea intake of 0.5 to 1 cups/d (HR 0.889, 95% CI 0.816–0.968) or caffeinated coffee intake of 2 to 3 cups/d (HR 0.858, 95% CI 0.806–0.915) or combination caffeine intake from tea and coffee of 160.0 to 235.0 mg per day (HR 0.899, 95% CI 0.842–0.961) were linked with the lowest hazard ratio of incident asthma after adjustment for age, sex, race, smoking status, BMI, qualification, and Townsend deprivation index. Conclusions: Collectively, the study showed light-to-moderate coffee and tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of adult-onset asthma and controlling total caffeine intake from coffee and tea for a moderate caffeine dose of 160.0 to 305.0 mg/day may be protective against adult-onset asthma. Further investigation on the possible preventive role of caffeine in asthma is warranted.
Three dimensional simulations of plasma filaments in the scrape off layer: A comparison with models of reduced dimensionality

This paper presents simulations of isolated 3D filaments in a slab geometry obtained using a newly developed 3D reduced fluid code, written using the BOUT++ framework. First, systematic scans were performed to investigate how the dynamics of a filament are affected by its amplitude, perpendicular size, and parallel extent. The perpendicular size of the filament was found to have a strong influence on its motions, as it determined the relative importance of parallel currents to polarization and viscous currents, whilst drift-wave instabilities were observed if the initial amplitude of the blob was increased sufficiently. Next, the 3D simulations were compared to 2D simulations using different parallel closures; namely, the sheath dissipation closure, which neglects parallel gradients, and the vorticity advection closure, which neglects the influence of parallel currents. The vorticity advection closure was found to not replicate the 3D perpendicular dynamics and overestimated the initial radial acceleratio.
The torsion in symmetric powers on congruence subgroups of Bianchi groups

In this paper we prove that for a fixed neat principal congruence subgroup of a Bianchi group the order of the torsion part of its second cohomology group with coefficients in an integral lattice associated with the m m th symmetric power of the standard representation of SL 2 ⁡ ( C ) \operatorname {SL}_2(\mathbb {C}) grows exponentially in m 2 m^2 . We give upper and lower bounds for the growth rate. Our result extends a result of W. Müller and S. Marshall, who proved the corresponding statement for closed arithmetic 3 3 -manifolds, to the finite-volume case. We also prove a limit multiplicity formula for combinatorial Reidemeister torsions on higher-dimensional hyperbolic manifolds.
Anxiety and enjoyment of older learners of English in Chinese Universities of the third age

ABSTRACT This paper investigated a research area worthy of greater attention: foreign language classroom anxiety (hereafter FLCA) and enjoyment (hereafter FLE) of older adults learning English as a foreign language in Chinese Universities of the Third Age. Understanding the largely overlooked emotional involvement of older language learners contributes to sustaining their motivation in lifelong learning for more remarkable personal growth and successes. Based on the survey of 587 Chinese older learners of English between the age of 50 and 80, paired sample t-test showed that more FLE was reported than FLCA. The results of Welch’s ANOVA suggested that those who were better educated had less FLCA and those who believed themselves healthier had more FLE. The language performance evaluation (i.e. relative standing in class and English mastery) affects both FLE and FLCA. Further interviews with 34 older participants revealed three major sources of FLE, including the language use in life situations, the favorable attitude toward FL learning in the cognitive, aesthetic cultural and pragmatic aspects and the social interactions in the U3As. FLCA occurs when the language performance is perceived as dissatisfying and when aspects of mental health (e.g. worsening memory) impede effective learning. Although FLCA and FLE had only a very weak correlation, Chinese older adult learners commented on a shared belief that anxiety usually precedes and subsequently enhances enjoyment in learning, indicating a sign of emotional resilience later in life. This paper demonstrates a need for understanding the emotions in language learning across life stages and socio-cultural contexts.
The Discrete Ordered Median Problem: Models and Solution Methods

This is the first book about the discrete ordered median problem (DOMP), which unifies many classical and new facility location problems. Several exact and heuristic approaches are developed in this book in order to solve the DOMP. Audience: The book is suitable for researchers in location theory, and graduate students in combinatorial optimization.
Debulking plus drug-coated balloon angioplasty versus drug-coated balloon angioplasty alone for femoropopliteal Tosaka III in-stent restenosis lesions

Introduction Femoropopliteal (FP) Tosaka class III in-stent restenosis (ISR) lesions remain a significant clinical problem and optimal revascularization management including the use of drug-coated balloon (DCB) and debulking devices has the potential to improve the outcomes for these patients. Aim To compare clinical outcomes of debulking plus DCB with DCB alone in Tosaka III FP-ISR treatment in a Chinese population. Material and methods This was a single-center retrospective study of patients who underwent endovascular interventions of debulking plus DCB or DCB alone for Tosaka III FP-ISR lesions. One-year primary patency was the main outcome. Other outcome measures are 12-month freedom from clinical-driven target lesion revascularization (f-CD-TLR), technical success rate, and periprocedural complications. Results A total of 80 patients with Tosaka III FP-ISR were included; 39 were treated with debulking plus DCB, among whom 22 were treated with laser atherectomy (LA) plus DCB and 17 were treated with rotational atherectomy (RA) plus DCB. 41 were treated with DCB alone. 12-month primary patency was significantly different between the debulking + DCB and DCB groups (87.2% vs. 65.9%, p = 0.039). in the subgroup comparison, no significant difference was found between the LA + DCB and RA + DCB groups (86.4% vs. 88.2%, p = 0.842). There were also no significant differences in the group and subgroup comparison of 12-month f-CD-TLR, technical success rate, and periprocedural complications. Conclusions In this small preliminary experience, combined treatment with debulking and DCB angioplasty is correlated with better outcomes in 1-year primary patency for Tosaka III FP-ISR lesions.
Compositions of Quadratic Forms

The central topic of this book is the theorem of Hurwitz and Radon concerning composition formulas for sums of squares, first proved in the 1920's. Techniques from algebra and topology are used to generalize that theorem in several directions. The text includes worked examples and many exercises which develop still more variations of the central topic. The main audience is people who have had some graduate courses in abstract algebra, but many sections of the book are accessible to anyone with some training in linear algebra. Several major topics in this book will be of interest to students of topology and geometry. The author has attempted to make the presentation as clear and as elementary as possible.
OBSERVATIONAL DETERMINATION OF THE TURBULENT AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION SCALE AND MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH IN MOLECULAR CLOUDS

We study the correlation of the velocity dispersion of the coexisting molecules H13CN and H13CO+ and the turbulent energy dissipation scale in the DR21(OH) star-forming region. The downshift of the H13CO+ spectrum relative to H13CN is consistent with the presence of ambipolar diffusion at dissipation length scales that helps the process of turbulent energy dissipation, but at a different cutoff for ions compared with the neutrals. We use our observational data to calculate a turbulent ambipolar diffusion length scale L′ ≃ 17 mpc and a strength of Bpos ≃ 1.7 mG for the plane of the sky component of the magnetic field in DR21(OH).
Quantum implementation of the unitary coupled cluster for simulating molecular electronic structure

In classical computational chemistry, the coupled-cluster ansatz is one of the most commonly used $ab~initio$ methods, which is critically limited by its non-unitary nature. The unitary modification as an ideal solution to the problem is, however, extremely inefficient in classical conventional computation. Here, we provide the first experimental evidence that indeed the unitary version of the coupled cluster ansatz can be reliably performed in physical quantum system, a trapped ion system. We perform a simulation on the electronic structure of a molecular ion (HeH$^+$), where the ground-state energy surface curve is probed, energies of excited-states are studied and the bond-dissociation is simulated non-perturbatively. Our simulation takes advantages from quantum computation to overcome the intrinsic limitations in classical computation and our experimental results indicate that the method is promising for preparing molecular ground-states for quantum simulation.
REST-FRAME OPTICAL SPECTRA AND BLACK HOLE MASSES OF 3 < z < 6 QUASARS

We present the rest-frame optical spectral properties of 155 luminous quasars at 3.3 < z < 6.4 taken with the AKARI space telescope, including the first detection of the Hα emission line as far out as z ∼ 6. We extend the scaling relation between the rest-frame optical continuum and the line luminosity of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to the high-luminosity, high-redshift regime that has rarely been probed before. Remarkably, we find that a single log-linear relation can be applied to the 5100 Å and Hα AGN luminosities over a wide range of luminosity (1042 < L 5100 ? > < 1047 ergs s−1) or redshift (0 < z < 6), suggesting that the physical mechanism governing this relation is unchanged from z = 0 to 6, over five decades in luminosity. Similar scaling relations are found between the optical and the UV continuum luminosities or line widths. Applying the scaling relations to the Hβ black hole (BH) mass ( M BH ? > ) estimator of local AGNs, we derive the M BH ? > estimators based on the Hα, Mg ii, and C iv lines, finding that the UV-line-based masses are overall consistent with the Balmer-line-based, but with a large intrinsic scatter of 0.40 dex for the C iv estimates. Our 43 M BH ? > estimates from Hα confirm the existence of BHs as massive as ∼ 10 10 M ⊙ ? > out to z ∼ 5 and provide a secure footing for previous results from Mg ii-line-based studies that a rapid M BH ? > growth has occurred in the early universe.
Inertial instability of the time-periodic Kolmogorov flow in a rotating fluid with the full account of the Coriolis force

The inertial parametric instability of a time-dependent spatially periodic flow (Kolmogorov flow) of a rotating stratified Boussinesq fluid is studied, taking fully into account the Coriolis force in the problem and with the possibility that the flow has an arbitrary orientation in the horizontal plane. The existence of instability is shown for velocity shears less than those indicated by the criterion of inertial stability of a steady flow with the same spatial period and velocity amplitude. In particular, the instability estimates are obtained for weakly stratified geophysical media, for example for the deep layers of the ocean, and it is suggested that the possible applications of the theory can also be directly related to a laboratory experiment. Two different theoretical scenarios of inclusion of the full Coriolis force account in the problem are considered, and in both cases this leads to a reduction in the degree of inertial instability of the basic flow.
Artificial Intelligence in Oncological Hybrid Imaging

Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) applications have become increasingly relevant across a broad spectrum of settings in medical imaging. Due to the large amount of imaging data that is generated in oncological hybrid imaging, AI applications are desirable for lesion detection and characterization in primary staging, therapy monitoring, and recurrence detection. Given the rapid developments in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods, the role of AI will have significant impact on the imaging workflow and will eventually improve clinical decision making and outcomes. Methods and Results The first part of this narrative review discusses current research with an introduction to artificial intelligence in oncological hybrid imaging and key concepts in data science. The second part reviews relevant examples with a focus on applications in oncology as well as discussion of challenges and current limitations. Conclusion AI applications have the potential to leverage the diagnostic data stream with high efficiency and depth to facilitate automated lesion detection, characterization, and therapy monitoring to ultimately improve quality and efficiency throughout the medical imaging workflow. The goal is to generate reproducible, structured, quantitative diagnostic data for evidence-based therapy guidance in oncology. However, significant challenges remain regarding application development, benchmarking, and clinical implementation. Key Points: Hybrid imaging generates a large amount of multimodality medical imaging data with high complexity and depth. Advanced tools are required to enable fast and cost-efficient processing along the whole radiology value chain. AI applications promise to facilitate the assessment of oncological disease in hybrid imaging with high quality and efficiency for lesion detection, characterization, and response assessment. The goal is to generate reproducible, structured, quantitative diagnostic data for evidence-based oncological therapy guidance. Selected applications in three oncological entities (lung, prostate, and neuroendocrine tumors) demonstrate how AI algorithms may impact imaging-based tasks in hybrid imaging and potentially guide clinical decision making. Citation Format Feuerecker B, Heimer M, Geyer T et al. Artificial Intelligence in Oncological Hybrid Imaging. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2023; 195: 105 – 114
Semisimple Triangular Hopf Algebras and Tannakian Categories

One of the most fundamental problems in the theory of finite- dimensional Hopf algebras is their classification over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic 0. This problem is extremely difficult, hence people restrict it to certain classes of Hopf algebras, e.g. to semisimple ones. Semisimple Hopf algebras deserve to be considered as "quantum" analogue of finite groups, but even so, the problem remains extremely hard (even in low dimensions) and very little is known. A great boost to the theory of Hopf algebras was given by Drinfeld who invented the fundamental class of (quasi)triangular Hopf algebras (A,R). Thus, it is natural to first try to classify semisimple triangular Hopf algebras (A,R) over k (i.e. R is unitary). The theory of such Hopf algebras is now essentially closed by a sequence of works by P. Etingof and the author. The key theorem in this theory states that A is obtained from a group algebra of a unique (up to isomorphism) finite group by twisting its usual comultiplication. The proof of this theorem relies on Deligne's theorem on Tannakian categories in an essentail way. The purpose of this paper is to explain the proof in full details. In particular, to discuss all the necessary background from category theory (e.g. symmetric, rigid, and Tannakian categories), and the properties of the category of representations of triangular (semisimple) Hopf algebras.
Algorithms for continuous optimization : the state of the art

General Optimality Conditions via a Separation Scheme F. Giannessi. Linear Equations in Optimization C.G. Broyden. Generalized and Sparse Least Squares Problems A. Bjoerck. Algorithms for Solving Nonlinear Systems of Equations J.M. Martinez. An Overview of Unconstrained Optimization R. Fletcher. Nonquadratic Model Methods in Unconstrained Optimization Naiyang Deng, Zhengfeng Li. Algorithms for General Constrained Nonlinear Optimization M.C. Bartholomew-Biggs. Exact Penalty Methods G. Di Pillo. Stable Barrier-projection and Barrier-Newton Methods for Linear and Nonlinear Programming Y.G. Evtushenko, V.G. Zhadan. Large-Scale Nonlinear Constrained Optimization - a Current Survey A.R. Conn, N. Gould, P.L. Toint. ABS Methods for Nonlinear Optimization E. Spedicato, Zunquan Xia. A Condensed Introduction to Bundle Methods in Nonsmooth Optimization C. Lemarechal, J. Zowe. Computational Methods for Linear Programming D.F. Shanno. Infeasible Interior Point Methods for Solving Linear Programs J. Stoer. Algorithms for Linear Complementarity Problems J.J. Judice. A Homework Exercise - the "Big M" Problem R.W. H. Sargent. Deterministic Global Optimization Y.G. Evtushenko, M.A. Potapov. On Automatic Differentiation and Continuous Optimization L.C. W. Dixon. Neural Networks and Unconstrained Optimization L.C. W. Dixon. Parallel Nonlinear Optimization - Limitations, Challenges and Opportunities R.B. Schnabel.
Uncertainty relations and approximate quantum error correction

The uncertainty principle can be understood as constraining the probability of winning a game in which Alice measures one of two conjugate observables, such as position or momentum, on a system provided by Bob, and he is to guess the outcome. Two variants are possible: either Alice tells Bob which observable she measured, or he has to furnish guesses for both cases. Here I derive uncertainty relations for both, formulated directly in terms of Bob's guessing probabilities. For the former these relate to the entanglement that can be recovered by action on Bob's system alone. This gives an explicit quantum circuit for approximate quantum error correction using the guessing measurements for ``amplitude'' and ``phase'' information, implicitly used in the recent construction of efficient quantum polar codes. I also find a relation on the guessing probabilities for the latter game, which has application to wave-particle duality relations.
Adoption of Mobile Payment Approach Extended the UTAUT 2

One of the most widely used mobile payment applications in Indonesia is LinkAja. This product has received official permission from Bank Indonesia as digital technology innovation in transactions. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of the LinkAja mobile payment with the UTAUT 2 approach. This type of research is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. This research analysis technique is descriptive and inferential using the Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The population in this study was LinkAja users in Indonesia with a sample size of 249 respondents. The results showed that performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, and habit have a positive and significant effect on behavior intention. Effort expectancy and social influence have a negative and significant effect on behavior intention. Behavioral Intention has a positive and significant effect on Actual Usage on the use of the LinkAja mobile payment.
Real‐variable characterizations of Musielak–Orlicz–Hardy spaces associated with Schrödinger operators on domains

Let n≥3, Ω be a strongly Lipschitz domain of Rn and LΩ:=−Δ+V a Schrödinger operator on L2(Ω) with the Dirichlet boundary condition, where Δ is the Laplace operator and the nonnegative potential V belongs to the reverse Hölder class RHq0(Rn) for some q0>n/2. Assume that the growth function ϕ:Rn×0,∞→0,∞ satisfies that ϕ(x,·) is an Orlicz function, ϕ(·,t)∈A∞(Rn) (the class of uniformly Muckenhoupt weights) and its uniformly critical lower type index i(ϕ)∈nn+δ,1 , where δ:=minμ0,2−nq0 and μ0∈(0,1] denotes the critical regularity index of the heat kernels of the Laplace operator Δ on Ω. In this article, the authors first show that the heat kernels of LΩ satisfy the Gaussian upper bound estimates and the Hölder continuity. The authors then introduce the ‘geometrical’ Musielak–Orlicz–Hardy space Hϕ,LRn,r(Ω) via Hϕ,LRn(Rn) , the Hardy space associated with LRn:=−Δ+V on Rn , and establish its several equivalent characterizations, respectively, in terms of the non‐tangential or the vertical maximal functions or the Lusin area functions associated with LΩ. All the results essentially improve the known results even on Hardy spaces HLRn,rp(Ω) with p∈(n/(n + δ),1] (in this case, ϕ(x,t):=tp for all x∈Ω and t∈[0,∞)). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.