Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunobiological aspects of cow lactation

Lactation of cows is a high-energy metabolic process. It is regulated in the body by the complex physiological mechanisms of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems. The purpose of to study changes in the immunobiological reactivity of the body of cows during lactation. Clinical and experimental studies were accomplished at the veterinary clinic and in the specialized laboratory of reproductive animal immunology. For the study, four groups of analogues of experimental animals were formed in which the immunological methods determined the immune status: cows (n = 17) during the early lactation (secretion of colostrum, 3–5th day); second (n = 32) – cows (n = 32) in the mid (3–5th month) lactation; the third (n = 28) – during the late lactation (5–7th day) and the fourth group (n = 28) – during the dry period (12–20th day). Our research has shown that during lactation in the body of cows fluctuations of the studied indicators of cellular and humoral immunity occur. Experimental data that showed that the percentage of T-lymphocytes in the blood of cows of Ukrainian dairy black-billed breed during the initial (3–5 days) period of lactogenesis is the lowest (37.88 ± 1.53%). However, the lowest expression of B-immune cells (16.05 ± 0.74%) was also detected during colostrum secretion. These changes occurred against the background of the decrease in CD3+/СD22+ (2.36 ± 0.11). In particular, at the 3–5th month of lactation, peripheral blood flow contained 53.40 ± 0.83% CD3+, ie 1.40 times more. The number of CD22+ mononuclear cells increased by only 1.14 times (up to 18.31 ± 0.69%). The beginning late lactation and dry period in the number of immunocompetent cells was observed: CD3+ – up to 42.11 ± 1.03%, and CD22+ – up to 22.92 ± 0.89%. All this was accompanied by a corresponding redistribution of the balance (CD3+/СD22+). We have identified certain patterns in the blast transformation ability of T-lymphocytes, which was manifested in the change in the activity of activated immune cells of blood. At the beginning of lactation, the functional capacity of T cells was the lowest (42.47 ± 0.62%). But subsequently with the increase of the lactation curve there was a certain activation of their transformation into blasts (51.11 ± 1.05%). At the beginning of late lactation cows underwent a gradual decrease in the blasttransformation capacity of immunocompetent cells (43.11 ± 0.89%). And which continued to decline gradually during the dry period. Thus, during lactation in the body of cows there are dynamic permanent changes in the system of cellular and humoral immunity. From the beginning of lactogenesis, there is a gradual increase in the increase in the functioning of the mammary gland of cows, and further decrease in the population composition of CD3+ and СD22+, which was also accompanied by changes in the functional activity of immunocompetent cells.
Ovarian cysts in dogs' practice

In dogs, ovarian cysts include the fluid-filled structures of any size present within the ovaries, outside physiological proestrus and estrus; they may be unilateral or bilateral. They are a common finding, particularly in older females and in females under contraceptive treatments. In dogs, cysts can originate from various structures in and around the canine ovary; therefore not all the ovarian cysts are hormonally active. Like in other domestic species, canine ovarian cysts may be grouped into follicle-derived cysts, which are hormonally active, and the nonfollicular cysts, which are known to be incapable of steroid production, thereby evolving often silently, in the absence of specific clinical signs, in contrast to follicle-derived cysts that usually interfere with the female normal cyclicity. Yet, most types of cysts may compromise fertility. Recent surveys suggests that the prevalence of one type of the other may vary with the region of the study, possibly representing differences in the reference dog population, in the strategies used to control female dog reproductive status, in methodological approaches to diagnosis or in the routine procedures for the practitioner facing the problem. The morphology of the canine ovary, together with the tendency for a disturbed growth of the subepithelial structures, makes it prone to the cystic degeneration of the ovarian surface that may physically compromise ovulation and limits the bitch fertility. On another hand, follicular cysts that can arise spontaneously or in consequence of the stimulation of a cycle, can either compromise the ovulation rate of a female and reduce the litter size or predispose to uterine diseases due increased levels of estrogens. Either way, it is important to establish an early diagnose of the condition, and try to restore fertility if the female are intent to be breed. This work intended to provide a comprehensive overview of available information on dog ovarian cysts. Based on our practice, we discuss the trends on prevalence of ovarian cysts in the species, the different types of ovarian cysts and the corresponding clinical conditions and the available diagnostic approaches as well as the existing therapeutic options. The information provided in constitutes a helpful tool in the clinical approach to canine ovarian cysts. * E-mail address: rtpayan@gmail.com 1
Bullying Behaviours : Adverse Experiences for All Involved?

Bullying may have once been viewed as an almost inevitable nuisance on the journey from childhood to adulthood. The phrase ‘sticks and stones may break my bones but names will never hurt me’ was, for many generations, a common playground refrain. In more recent years both research and policy attention has been increasingly directed towards bullying (in whichever way it manifests), as our understanding of the impact that bullying can have continues to develop. Nowadays, bullying is no longer regarded as a relatively benign element of child development (Wong & Schonlau, 2013), and others would go so far as to argue that bullying is an adverse and stressful experience that “…should be considered as another form of childhood abuse alongside physical maltreatment and neglect” (Arseneault, 2018:416). Acknowledging this, in the context of growing awareness across Scotland about the long-term effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), means that it is imperative that bullying is on everyone’s agenda, and universal prevention is key. In Scotland there is a holistic framework for those working with children and young people to address all aspects of bullying, ‘Respect for All’ (Scottish Government, 2017) which aims to support the implementation of a consistent and cohesive approach to anti-bullying in Scotland. However, understanding and addressing bullying behaviours is especially pertinent for practitioners working in youth justice and related fields as there is growing evidence that portrays an association between bullying behaviours in childhood and later involvement in offending (Sourander et al., 2011). The purpose of this paper is to draw together the evidence from a rapid review of the literature in relation to bullying and offending, especially violent offending. The paper will also present empirical evidence on bullying drawn from analysis of risk formulation records about young people at risk of serious harm to themselves and others. This will include analysis of some of the factors that may be implicated in bullying either as a precursor to bullying, or as a result of bullying behaviours, such as peer rejection and social exclusion. Importantly, as most studies explore the relationship between bullying and later offending rather than victimisation and offending, this paper will present evidence on regarding bullies, victims and bully-victims.
Comments ) : Review of " A Comprehensive Assessment of Tropical Stratospheric Upwelling in Specified Dynamics CESM 1 . 2 . 2 ( WACCM )

The authors of this study probe the impacts of nudging WACCM towards MERRA-2 meteorology in a number of Specified-Dynamics (SD) simulations. The novelty of this study lies in exploring discrete nudging “flavours” in order to determine the degree in which they can accurately simulate the mean state, the interannual variability and the upwelling trends of the residual circulation seen in MERRA-2 reanalysis product. This is a commendable attempt to understand how the implementation of various nudging frameworks affects the self-consistency of a chemistry-climate simulation highlighting the possible implications regarding the accuracy of transport processes associated mainly with ozone trends in the lower stratosphere as seen in recent studies. Apart from the question of which nudging scheme appears to better reproduce MERRA-2 (and to a second degree the free-running WACCM) spatial and temporal upwelling characteristics, the study comprehensively investigates the attribution of these discrepancies by shedding some light on the physical drivers of the upwelling trends. Nudging acts as an additional non-physical tendency in the model equations and it is quite important to evaluate their potential artificial effects on the model dynamics. Therefore, this study greatly improves the understanding regarding the degree of impact arising from the choice (or not) of a particular nudging scheme, albeit in a single model framework. For the reasons above, I recommend this study to be accepted and published with minor revisions. There are a few points that I think they should be addressed by the authors, more to do with enhancing the introduction of the paper by adding a substantial amount of discussion on the nudging studies literature.
THE ROLE OF TAX REVENUE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN PROMOTING ECONOMIC PROGRESS IN NIGERIA

AbstractThe study examined the impact of tax revenue on economic growth of Nigeria proxied as gross domestic product (GDP) from 2000-2017). The study employed Exploratory and ex-post facto designs and secondary data sourced from Federal Inland Revenue Services (FIRS), UNCTAD, FDI/MNE database, World Bank Report, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) reports, CBN statistical bulletin were used. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression technique was adopted to test the hypotheses of the study. The result reveals that tax revenue has significant impact on GDP in Nigeria with R-squared showing that about 87% variations in GDP can be attributed to tax revenue, while the remaining 23% variations in GDP are caused by other factors not included in this model. This is further emphasized by the T-statistic p-value of 0.001 which shows that the regression result is statistically significant because it is less than 5%, level of significance adopted for this study. The result from regression analysis also revealed that there is positive relationship between foreign direct investment and Gross Domestic Product, with a p- value of + 0.000, + 0.001 < 0.05% significance level. The study concluded that tax revenue has a significant impact on GDP in Nigeria. Also there is a positive relationship between FDI and economic growth in Nigeria; therefore the more FDI increases the more economic growth. The study recommended that functional tax structures that would ensure that tax is collected from all taxable individuals, group of individuals and corporate bodies and remitted accordingly to the government without diversion should be instituted to widen the revenue base of the country. Government should liberalize the Nigerian economy the more by removing all barriers to trade such as arbitrary tariffs, import and export duties and other levies to encourage foreign investors.
THE ROLE AND PRESENCE OF INTERGENERATIONAL SYNERGY IN MEDIUM AND LARGE SLOVENIAN COMPANIES

Intergenerational synergy and thus the exchange of knowledge, is the key element in the implementation of various tasks, finding solutions, obtaining and exchanging important information. The main aim of the paper is to present intergenerational synergy and to determine the impact of intergenerational synergy on the work engagement of employees in large and medium-sized companies in Slovenia. In the empirical research 407 companies and 814 employees were included by random sampling. Research results revealed that employers on general pay attention to intergenerational synergy in companies in Slovenia, but there are still opportunities to raise awareness among employers about intergenerational synergy and their emphasis on intergenerational synergy for better performance of business operations, such as sales activities to customers of different age profiles, and similar. Results also suggest that intergenerational synergy in companies has a statistically significant positive impact on the work engagement of employees in large and medium-sized companies in Slovenia. In this context, an appropriate environment should be created to respect the diversity of the workforce.
What Determine Performance of Financial Accounting Lecturers? An Experimental Study in Indonesian Higher Education Institutions

This study investigates the determinants of performance of financial accounting lecturers and instructors in Indonesia. The factors analyzed are competence, rigor, and thoroughness. The data was collected through experiment involving 110 instructors who are lecturers and instructors from universities, colleges, and polytechnic institutions in Indonesia. The participants were invited to the experiemental activity conducted in September 2016. The results show that competence, rigor, and thoroughness have positive effects on the performance of accounting instructors. The findings also confirm that competence, rigor, and thoroughness are the main qualities they must possess to perform optimally in their duties
Age Related Serum Antimullerian Hormone Concentrations among Infertile Versus Fertile Women

Aims: Antimullerian hormone (AMH) has been accepted as a marker for the size of the ovarian follicle pool. To interrupt the results of this investigation, age-specific concentrations are needed. The purpose of this study is to compare antimullerian hormone (AMH) concentrations among infertile women ages 22 to 32 years experiencing regular menses with oocytes donors of the same age. Study Design: Cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Miami, Florida and Reproductive Medicine Institute, Evanston, IL. Samples drawn between June 2008 Original Research Article Goodman et al.; JAMPS, 2(2): 70-74, 2015; Article no.JAMPS. 2015.010 71 and June 2012. Methodology: 400 infertile women and 102 oocyte donors aged 22-32 years with a history of regular menses and who were undergoing in vitro fertilization procedures for treatment of infertility had blood drawn for determination of AMH concentrations. Serum AMH was measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay using an AMH ELISA kit (Beckman Coulter, Chaska, MN, USA). Results: When the mean +2 standard deviations of the serum AMH concentrations among infertile women with regular menses were compared with age-specific oocyte donors, a significant decrease among infertile women was noted at all age groups. Conclusion: A significant proportion of infertile women have lower than average ovarian reserve, suggesting that serum AMH values reflect follicular supply somewhat independent of age.
Development of empirical regression equations for predicting the performances of disc plough and harrow in clay-loam soil

Abstract: The regression equations for predicting the performances of plough and harrow implements in clay – loam soil in South – East agro – ecological region of Nigeria were developed. This is to enable farmers, farm managers and users of farm machinery assess and select proper machinery based on soil type/ condition for good performance of the machine and to avoid unnecessary breakdown/failures or energy loss during operation and generally to optimize production at minimum cost. Results showed that for plough operated in clay – loam soil, the regression equation that can predict its various performance indicators are: field efficiency, Y = 0.067x 2 – 0.7733x + 89.283; effective field capacity, Y = 0.0864x 2 – 1.4406x +6.8173; theoretical field capacity, Y = 0.0026x 2 – 0.0877x +1.7641and material efficiency, Y = 0.0888x 2 – 1.6513x + 49.11. Where X in the equations represents the speed of operation and Y, the implement performance indicators. For harrow implement, the equation for field efficiency was Y = - 0.3745x 2 + 7.4659x + 50.757; effective field capacity, Y = - 0.0056x 2 + 0.1486x + 0.3631; theoretical fiel capacity, Y = 0.0041x 2 + 0.0885x + 0.9156 and material efficiency, Y = 0.1952x 2 – 0.6095x + 84.343. The coefficient of determination R 2 with values differing from 0.7 to 0.9 is an indication that the performance indicators and the speeds of operation were highly correlated and that the equations developed were adequate for predicting the performances of the implements. Results also indicate that in ploughing operation, the prediction error for field efficiency range from – 0.94 to 4.48%, while the effective and the theoretical capacity recorded – 0.01 to 13.5% and – 1.86 to 2.14%, respectively, material efficiency recorded – 1.46 to 12.8%. More so, in harrowing, the prediction error in field efficiency range from – 0.25 to 7.77% while the effective and theoretical field capacity had prediction errors of – 1.15 to 4.83% and – 0.22 to 3.26%, respectively and material efficiency of – 1.12 to 4.83%. The comparison of the predicted results with the experimental results of the study revealed that the equations broadly did not over or under- predict the experimental results, thus, the prediction errors were within allowable range. And from the root mean square error analysis, the errors were within acceptable limit of ±5%. However, the little deviation in the prediction of some performance indicators in ploughing operation was attributed to variations in soil conditions/characteristics.
Company attributes and firm value. Evidence from companies listed on Jakarta Islamic index

This study examines the effect of company attributes (i.e., dividend policy, capital structure, and ownership concentration) on firm values. The sample consists of fifty-six companies listed on Jakarta Islamic Index. SmartPLS program is used to analyze the data. The findings show that ownership concentration and profitability have a positive effect on firm value. In contrast, liquidity has a negative effect on capital structure. However, this study doesn’t find any relationship between profitability and capital structure. Finally, capital structure mediates the relationship between profitability, liquidity, and firm value.
University of Birmingham Adverse childhood events and psychosis in bipolar affective disorder

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Foreign Language Learning In Knowledge Forums: using a knowledge-building forum in an EFL classroom

This paper presents the first phase of a study conducted to analyze Knowledge Building forums for evidence of second language acquisition. This study is an analysis of the posts within an existing forum in search of evidence of foreign language learning. The analysis found that the collaborative writing project shows evidence that the students passed through the stages of construction of knowledge within their foreign language classroom, however factors, such as confounding variables, inconsistencies in error types, and the small number of posts by the participants made it challenging to determine whether there is evidence of language acquisition for each student. The forum posts show evidence of knowledge acquisition, but further investigation is required to determine whether collaborative writing in knowledge forums is effective for foreign language acquisition.
Re–assessment of Pont’s index in Class I normal occlusion

Background: Since the introduction of modern orthodontics, several indices have been proposed to help prediction normal maxillary arch width that would relieve crowding, maintain occlusion stability and reduces future relapse. Among these indices Pont had proposed an index in 1909 to estimate maxillary arch width depending upon the sum of maxillary incisors mesiodistal dimensions. Aims: The present study tried to investigate the reliability of Pont's index in estimating dental arch width. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 22 boys and 22 girls aged 14–16 years. Measurements of all study models were done using a sliding caliper. The arch width was measured in first premolar region between distal pits, and in first permanent molar region between central fossae. Results: Statistical analysis, using correlation coefficient; revealed a poor correlations existed between Pont's estimation for the arch width and the actual arch width measured from the casts for both sexes. The arch widths were generally underestimated for all test groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that Pont's index is not a precise method for prediction of maxillary dental arch width.
Parental Involvement in Home-Based Education

Decades of research have shown that parental involvement in education can have a crucial influence on the development and achievement of students. This involvement can present itself both within and outside of school hours. The current literature review explores parental involvement in a home-based context, briefly looking at the ways in which involvement can be shown. The scope of Parental involvement is then covered, identifying trends which occur in achievement when parents are involved and support their child in their education. This review then looks at the barriers which hinder parental involvement and in turn identifies strategies that can be implemented to foster increased involvement. Barriers covered include: parental beliefs, the nature and quality of the parent-teacher partnership and the ethnic diversity of students and families within the school. In summary, this review emphasises how teachers can facilitate parental involvement as a means of increasing the achievement of their students.