Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Craniofacial and Upper Airway Development in Patients With Treacher Collins Syndrome

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract This study evaluated age-associated morphology changes in the cranial base, facial development, and upper airway of patients with Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS). A total of 33 preoperative computed tomographic images (TCS, n = 14; control, n = 19) were included in the study and divided into three age-related subgroups (2–6 years, 7–18 years, and older than 18 years). Linear, angular cephalometric measurements and upper airway volumes were collected. All measurements were analyzed using ProPlan CMF software (version 3.0; Materialize, Leuven, Belgium). The association between aging and upper airway morphology was analyzed. Compared to control subjects, TCS patients had a smaller cranial base, maxilla, and nose; they also had reduced upper airway volume compared to control subjects. The observed differences were most significant in patients between the ages of 7 and 18 years. This study used computed tomography-based three-dimensional analyses to provide a detailed description of age-related changes that occur in craniofacial measurements and upper airway volumes in children, adolescents, and young adult patients with TCS in China. These data can be used to evaluate individual patients with TCS and to select treatment to improve the growth of the craniofacial region.
Maximally hard radio spectra from Fermi acceleration in pulsar-wind nebulae

The processes leading to the exceptionally hard radio spectra of pulsar-wind nebulae (PWNe) are not yet understood. Radio photon spectral indices among 29 PWNe from the literature show an approximately normal, α = 0.2 ± 0.2 distribution. We present ∼3σ evidence for a distinct sub-population of PWNe, with a hard spectrum α = 0.01 ± 0.06 near the termination shock and significantly softer elsewhere, possibly due to a recent evacuation of the shock surroundings. Such spectra, especially in the hard sub-population, suggest a Fermi process, such as diffusive shock acceleration (DSA), at its extreme, α = 0 limit. In particular, we show that this limit is approached in DSA for sufficiently anisotropic small-angle scattering, enhanced on either side of the shock for particles approaching the shock front. In the upstream, the spectral hardening is mostly associated with an enhanced energy gain, possibly driven by the same beamed particles crossing the shock. Downstream, the main effect is a diminished escape probability, but this lowers the acceleration efficiency to $\lesssim 25{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for α = 0.3 and $\lesssim 1{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for α = 0.03.
Structural phase transition in polycrystalline SnSe: a neutron diffraction study in correlation with thermoelectric properties

SnSe has been recently reported as a promising and highly efficient thermoelectric intermetallic alloy. The present material has been prepared by arc melting, as mechanically robust pellets, consisting of highly oriented polycrystals. The evolution of its orthorhombic GeS-type structure (space group Pnma) and phase transition to TlI-type structure (space group Cmcm) at high temperature has been studied in situ by neutron powder diffraction (NPD) in the temperature range 295–873 K. This transition has been identified by differential scanning calorimetry measurements, yielding sharp peaks at 795 K. In addition, thermal transport properties were measured in a similar temperature range, and large Seebeck coefficients, as high as 1050 µV K−1 at 625 K, were found. The analysis from NPD data demonstrates an almost perfect stoichiometry, Sn0.998(8)Se, that does not evolve with temperature, and a progressive decrease of the anharmonicity of the chemical bonds upon entering the domain of the Cmcm structure.
Long-Term Outcomes of Massive Rotator Cuff Tear Repair: A Systematic Review

Background: With an increase in the treatment options available for massive rotator cuff tears, understanding the long-term outcomes of the chosen modality is important. Questions/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available literature on repair of massive rotator cuff repairs and learn the longevity of outcomes, the failure rate, outcomes after failure, and any contributing factors to poor outcomes or failure. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Embase databases to find studies that investigated the long-term results of repair of massive rotator cuff repairs. Studies were excluded if they did not stratify results of massive tears, provide a definition for a massive rotator cuff tear, or report isolate patients with long-term follow-up. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria, for a total of 472 shoulders; average patient age was 57.6 years. Follow-up ranged from 119 to 240 months. Outcome scores improved significantly following repair and were maintained throughout follow-up. The repair failure rate across studies was 39.2%. Patients who suffered retear had significantly worse outcome scores than patients with intact tendons at long-term follow-up. Conclusions: The existing literature on long-term follow-up after massive rotator cuff repair is scarce and not of high level of evidence. This review found repair of massive rotator cuff tears leads to long-term maintained improvements in outcome measures. Failure of repair is quite common, but results following failure are superior to preoperative outcomes.
Molecular beam epitaxy of Cd 3 As 2 on a III-V substrate

Epitaxial, strain-engineered Dirac semimetal heterostructures promise tuning of the unique properties of these materials. In this study, we investigate the growth of thin films of the recently discovered Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 by molecular beam epitaxy. We show that epitaxial Cd3As2 layers can be grown at low temperatures (110 °C–220 °C), in situ, on (111) GaSb buffer layers deposited on (111) GaAs substrates. The orientation relationship is described by ( 112 ) Cd 3 As 2 || (111) GaSb and [ 1 1 ¯ 0 ] Cd 3 As 2 || [ 1 ¯ 01 ] GaSb . The films are shown to grow in the low-temperature, vacancy ordered, tetragonal Dirac semimetal phase. They exhibit high room temperature mobilities of up to 19300 cm2/Vs, despite a three-dimensional surface morphology indicative of island growth and the presence of twin variants. The results indicate that epitaxial growth on more closely lattice matched buffer layers, such as InGaSb or InAlSb, which allow for imposing different degrees of epitaxial coherency strains, should be.
Chemotherapy port placement in breast cancer patients in a resource constrained setting: hurdles and outcomes

Background: Safe long-term venous access is essential in cancer undergoing chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant or supportive management in some conditions. Implanted devices are of choice here but under-utilised. Our review focuses on evaluating the reasons for this underutilisation so as to promote the use of chemo port in specific situations.Methods: 245 patients undergoing port placement in a socio-economically constrained zone were analysed with regard to multiple clinical, social and logistical parameters and long-term follow-up assessed.Results: Solid malignancy was the most common indication for port placement followed by hemato-lymphoid cancers. Breast cancers are the commonest solid cancer for Port placement. In our evaluation patients having chemotherapy ports were less worried about the upcoming chemo procedures because of the ease of IV access, resulting in better compliance and quality of life. Cost of the device and absence of expertise for placement and handling were the primary reasons for reluctance of port placement. Port related complications were few, not life threatening, and insignificant in the long term.Conclusions: Placement of a Chemotherapy port is a technique with an easy learning curve and a good safety profile. Procedural and long term complications are few and acceptable. Costs are acceptable in the long term and are beneficial to the patient. This method to needs to be promoted in patients needing long-term venous access. Adequate training will promote acceptance and use of the chemo-port. Clinicians should adopt and offer this for all indicated patients.
Highly Photocatalytic Activity of Novel CuFe 2 O 4 /GO Nano Composite in the Degradation of Phenol from Aqueous Solution

The CuFe2O4/Graphene oxide (GO) composite was successfully synthesized by co-precipitation in “situ” using FeCl3.6H2O and CuCl2.2H2O as iron and copper sources on GO and followed by thermal reduction. The product was characterized by XRD, XPS, TEM, BET and FTIR. From the XRD and XPS results, it reveals the formation of copper ferrites spinel CuFe2O4 on GO surface. From TEM images, it showed that CuFe2O4/GO composite has particle size of 20-30 nm and uniform size distribution. The as-prepared CuFe2O4/GO nano composite was used to test the photocatalytic degradation of phenol from aqueous solution. After 90 minutes of reaction, the conversion (calculated according COD) reached to the value of 90%, indicating highly photocatalytic activity of this catalyst. Moreover, after three recycles, the photocatalytic activity was almost unchanged as compared to that of fresh catalyst, indicating the relatively high stability and it can be reused. Additionally, this CuFe2O4/GO composite showed highly magnetic property so it can be easily recovered by applying the magnetic field out side.
Access and consumption of fruit and vegetables for people living in a deprived neighborhood in New Zealand: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Access to healthy food is important to reduce risk of illness 1,2. This paper describes fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption and perception of access to FV by food bank users (40 households) in a New Zealand city. Data collected via interviews showed that cost was the greatest influence on FV consumption. Data on meeting the fruit (2 + a day) and vegetable (3 + a day) recommendations were: adults F: 57% and V: 62%; children F: 86% and V: 59%. Households wanted to consume more FV. Future interventions need to consider enabling people that live in high deprivation to purchase FV.
Intertemporal Choices of Children and Adults from Poor Roma Communities: A Case Study from Slovakia

ABSTRACT Poverty may have negative consequences on people’s economic behavior and literature has documented close links between time discounting and poverty. This paper investigates intertemporal choices made by children and adults from segregated Roma communities in Slovakia. The study finds that fewer children than adults prefer smaller-sooner to larger-later amounts (referred to as “quasi-impatience”). The study further examines the decisions of individuals assigned into random teams by cohorts (children, parents, grandparents), and finds no statistically significant differences in the proportions of quasi-impatient teams across the cohorts. The results also suggest that children’s decisions are correlated with those of their parents.
Evaluation of the PTEN and circRNA-CDR1as Gene Expression Changes in Gastric Cancer and Normal Cell Lines Following the Exposure to Weak and Moderate 50 Hz Electromagnetic Fields

Background: Attention to the electromagnetic exposure as a targeted tumor therapy has been recently increasing. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of continuous and discontinuous electromagnetic fields on cell viability as well as phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and circular (circ)-RNA CDR1as genes expression in the normal and gastric cancer (GC) cell lines. Methods: After preparing gastric cancer cell lines (AGS) and normal cells (HU02 line), they were exposed to magnetic flux densities of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mT continuously and discontinuously (1h on/1h off) for 18 hours. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazoyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate cell viability. In addition, after designing the primers, the expression of the PTEN and circ-CDR1as genes was studied using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time-PCR) technique. The results were analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Results: The exposed normal and tumor cells to discontinuous electromagnetic fields resulted in increasing of cell survival rate in both normal and tumor cells. In contrast, the exposure of continuous electromagnetic field showed no effect on the viability of the normal and tumor cells at intensities of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mT. The electromagnetic field showed a significant effect on the expression of the circ-CDR1as gene and this effect depended on the intensity of the electromagnetic field used and the cell type. We have found that the activity of PTEN gene in the normal and tumor cells increased and decreased with increasing intensity of discontinuous electromagnetic field, respectively. Conclusions: In general, the effect of electromagnetic field on gastric cancer seems to depend on the kind of exposure as well as an extent of intensity and can be used for cancer therapeutic purposes. However, more research is needed on this subject.
Analysis of hematological and biochemical parameters of Plasmodium falciparum infected patient from Hail region, Saudi Arabia: A case report

(Breman, 2009; Kuehn and Pradel, 2010). Ibraheem Ashankyty, Refaat Ras and Omer Amer Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia . Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Manipulating the Microbiome: An Alternative Treatment for Bile Acid Diarrhoea

Bile acid diarrhoea (BAD) is a widespread gastrointestinal disease that is often misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome and is estimated to affect 1% of the United Kingdom (UK) population alone. BAD is associated with excessive bile acid synthesis secondary to a gastrointestinal or idiopathic disorder (also known as primary BAD). Current licensed treatment in the UK has undesirable effects and has been the same since BAD was first discovered in the 1960s. Bacteria are essential in transforming primary bile acids into secondary bile acids. The profile of an individual’s bile acid pool is central in bile acid homeostasis as bile acids regulate their own synthesis. Therefore, microbiome dysbiosis incurred through changes in diet, stress levels and the introduction of antibiotics may contribute to or be the cause of primary BAD. This literature review focuses on primary BAD, providing an overview of bile acid metabolism, the role of the human gut microbiome in BAD and the potential options for therapeutic intervention in primary BAD through manipulation of the microbiome.
Evidence of nest material kleptoparasitism in Worm‐eating Warblers (Helmitheros vermivorum) in east‐central Arkansas, USA

Abstract Nest material kleptoparasitism likely evolved in birds to reduce the cost of searching for and collecting material themselves. Although nest material kleptoparasitism has been reported commonly in colonially nesting species, reports for solitary breeding species are infrequent, especially for neotropical migratory species. Here, we report potential and actual nest material kleptoparasitism in the Worm‐eating Warbler (Helmitheros vermivorum). We deployed video camera systems at passerine nests (n = 81) in east‐central Arkansas during summers 2011–2012. In one video, we observed a Worm‐eating Warbler stealing nesting material from a Hooded Warbler (Setophaga citrina) nest. One day later, we later observed a Worm‐eating Warbler landing within 0.5 m of the same warbler nest when the female was incubating, which possibly deterred a second theft of nesting material. In a third video recording, we observed another Worm‐eating Warbler landing within 1 m of an Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) nest. As far as we could determine, neither of these latter two nest visits resulted in nest material kleptoparasitism. Potential benefits of nest material kleptoparasitism include reduced competition for limited nest materials, easy access to suitable material, reduced travel distance, and reduction of nest predation risk; however, costs include risk of attack by host or introducing parasites to one's nest. Importantly, this behavior could ultimately affect the behavioral and life history evolution of a species. We suggest further work should be conducted to determine the prevalence of nest material kleptoparasitism in Worm‐eating Warblers and other solitary breeding passerines, including efforts to quantify the benefits and costs of this behavior.
Chemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Sambal Ronto

This research studied the chemical and organoleptic characteristics of sambal ronto at various spice concentrations. Sambal ronto is a typical chili sauce from the coastal community of South Kalimantan which is made from ronto mixed with spices and sautéed with cooking oil. The spices used are chilies, shallots, garlic, lemongrass, laos, bay leaves, and palm sugar. The research was conducted with a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of concentrations of ronto and spices ratio, (1: 1) O, (1: 2) A, (1: 3) C, and (1: 4) D. The proximate test consists of water, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate (by different) content, and pH. The organoleptic test was carried out by testing the preference for the parameters of color, aroma, texture, taste, and appearance. The results showed that the best ronto: spice ratio was treatment B (1: 3). The chemical characteristics of the best sambal ronto are 44.21% moisture content, 4.20% ash content, 5.92% protein content, 14.47% fat content, carbohydrate content (31.22% by different) and pH 4.79. Organoleptic values for the parameters of color, aroma, texture, taste, and appearance were 4.5, 4.9, 4.9, 4.5, and 4.8, respectively. All parameters indicate a value close to very like.
Self-Assembled Hybrid ZnO Nanostructures as Supports for Copper-Based Catalysts in the Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol

This study describes the use of new ZnO/PAAH hybrid nanomaterials (PAAH = polyacrylic acid) as copper catalyst supports for the hydrogenolysis of glycerol. A study of the synthesis parameters (washing process, temperatures of synthesis and calcination) of these hybrid supports has allowed us to vary their morphology and specific surface area and ultimately the sizes and dispersion of the copper nanoparticles, and to perform a general analysis of their effects on the catalytic performance of the materials. All catalysts were synthesized by the urea deposition-precipitation method (DPU) and were fully characterized to establish a structure–activity relationship. Optimization of the synthesis and catalytic conditions allowed remarkable yields/conversions of the order of 70% for selectivities in 1,2 propanediol of 90%.
Malaysia Seaport Development towards Embracing Industrial Revolution 4.0: Enhancing the Quality and Competitiveness of Seaport Industry

Article History: Received: 10 November 2020; Revised: 12 January 2021; Accepted: 27January 2021; Published online: 05April 2021 Abstract: Seaport industry is a dynamic industry which is experiencing a rapid growth. Industrial Revolution 4.0 merges the digital, physical and biological system to enhance the capabilities of the industry. It creates a platform which enables the seaport industry to build its effectiveness, reliability and governance towards improving the quality of seaport services. Accordingly, the evolution of seaport services entails the application of technologies so that the industry can fulfil its customer satisfaction goals. In line with this notion, the purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the quality of seaport services. This research employed the quantitative content analysis, covering seaport effectiveness, seaport reliability and seaport governance. The respondents of this research comprised expert individuals within the seaport industry cluster. The results revealed that there is a significant correlation between the adaption of IR 4.0 and seaport quality. This research offers a truly novel policy innovation towards achieving seaport competitiveness.
Hybrid phase-field modeling of thermo-elastic crack propagation

Abstract Numerical modeling of the thermo-elastic fracture using a hybrid phase-field method is presented. The model’s capability to simulate complex thermo-elastic crack propagation paths under the temperature and mechanical loads’ influence is demonstrated through a few example problems. The evolution of complex crack patterns in a ceramic plate subjected to quenching are simulated. Further, the behavior of functionally graded specimens with a spatial variation of material properties when subjected to thermal shock is investigated. A staggered solution scheme is used to solve the coupled system of multi-field partial differential equations using an open-source finite element software FEniCS.
Evaluation of Pollution Load: Heavy Metal Contents and Physiochemical Properties of the Great Kwa River, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

Background and Objectives: Human activities can increase the amount of pollutants in the environment leading to water pollution. The contamination of surface water and sediments by heavy metals can result in adverse health conditions of humans, due to the bioaccumulation of metals. This study seeks to assess the pollution load of some heavy metals and physiochemical Original Research Article Ekpo et al.; IJECC, 11(2): 19-31, 2021; Article no.IJECC. 66295 20 properties in Great Kwa River. Methods: Water samples were collected once a month from three stations within four selected months in wet and dry seasons. Samples were preserved by adding 10 ml of 6 N Nitric acid and stored at 5 o C. Laboratory investigations were conducted and data analyzed statistically. Findings: The mean pH, dissolved O2, biological O2 demand, conductivity, NO3, NH4 and temperature were 7.44±1.24, 5.58±0.92, 0.957±0.002, 32.84±2.941, 0.1030±0.1701, 0.113±0.018 and 28.2±1.48, respectively during wet season. Mean concentration of Cu, Fe, Cr, Mn, Zn, Ni are 0.225±0.003, 0.489±0.009, 0.068±0.016, 0.102±0.006, 0.794±0.003, 0.031±0.001, respectively during the wet season. Mean concentration of metals in the river during the wet season were ranked in descending order as Zn > Fe > Cu > Mn > Cr > Ni. Iron (0.489±0.009 mg/l and 0.438±0.003 mg/l), chromium (0.068±0.016 mg/l and 0.055±0.008 mg/l), nickel (0.031±0.001 mg/l and 0.025±0.002 mg/l) were higher than Nigerian standard for drinking water in both seasons. The contamination factor of heavy metals in station 3 were 2.14, 1.56, 1.09, 0.89 for Fe, Cr, Ni, Zn, respectively, indicating moderate contamination. The pollution load index in stations 1, 2, 3 were 0.262, 0.537, 0.981, respectively. Conclusion: The present study provided base-line information on the pollution levels and physiochemical properties of the river. The river was not highly polluted by heavy metals except iron, chromium and nickel that were found above the recommended standards. However, drinking of water from the river over one’s lifetime is not advisable due to detrimental health hazards.