Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of epileptiform abnormalities and seizures in Alzheimer disease

Objective To examine the relationship between scalp EEG biomarkers of hyperexcitability in Alzheimer disease (AD) and to determine how these electric biomarkers relate to the clinical expression of seizures in AD. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we performed 24-hour ambulatory scalp EEGs on 43 cognitively normal elderly healthy controls (HC), 41 participants with early-stage AD with no history or risk factors for epilepsy (AD-NoEp), and 15 participants with early-stage AD with late-onset epilepsy related to AD (AD-Ep). Two epileptologists blinded to diagnosis visually reviewed all EEGs and annotated all potential epileptiform abnormalities. A panel of 9 epileptologists blinded to diagnosis was then surveyed to generate a consensus interpretation of epileptiform abnormalities in each EEG. Results Epileptiform abnormalities were seen in 53% of AD-Ep, 22% of AD-NoEp, and 4.7% of HC. Specific features of epileptiform discharges, including high frequency, robust morphology, right temporal location, and occurrence during wakefulness and REM, were associated with clinical seizures in AD. Multiple EEG biomarkers concordantly demonstrated a pattern of left temporal lobe hyperexcitability in early stages of AD, whereas clinical seizures in AD were often associated with bitemporal hyperexcitability. Frequent small sharp spikes were specifically associated with epileptiform EEGs and thus identified as a potential biomarker of hyperexcitability in AD. Conclusion Epileptiform abnormalities are common in AD but not all equivalent. Specific features of epileptiform discharges are associated with clinical seizures in AD. Given the difficulty recognizing clinical seizures in AD, these EEG features could provide guidance on which patients with AD are at high risk for clinical seizures.
Manifestation and parental assessment of children's cancer pain at home: an exploratory mixed methods study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe pain manifestation in children with cancer at home and understand how parents assess this pain. BACKGROUND Pain is experienced by children with cancer throughout their cancer journey. Short-term, and into survivorship, pain has negative physical and psychological consequences. Changes in treatment location mean children with cancer spend more time at home. Little is known about pain experienced by children at home or how parents assess this pain. DESIGN A mixed methods convergent parallel study was reported using STROBE. METHOD Parents of children with cancer on active treatment were recruited from one tertiary cancer centre. Parental attitudes towards pain expression were assessed using surveys. Parents recorded their child's pain manifestation in pain diaries kept for one month. Interviews captured a deeper understanding of pain manifestation and how parents assess this pain at home. Integration occurred after each data collection method was analysed separately. RESULTS Predominantly children were not in pain at home. However, most children experienced at least one episode of problematic pain over the pain diary period. Surveys showed parents held misconceptions regarding children's pain expression. Interviews diverge from surveys and suggest parents used a range of information sources to assess pain. CONCLUSION Children with cancer may differ from one another in the manifestation of pain at home resulting in multiple pain trajectories. Parents of children with cancer are able to adequately assess their child's pain using information from multiple sources.
Importance of Leaf Retention to Rooting of Avocado Cuttings1,2

Cuttings of 10 different clones of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) were rooted under intermittant mist. A wide range in rooting capability was noted. Rooting percentage of clones was found to be correlated with number of leaves retained on the cuttings. Speed of rooting within the same clone was also determined by number of leaves retained. Carbohydrate content in leaves and cutting bases at the beginning was not associated with rooting capability. Starch accumulation at the cutting bases occurred while cuttings were under mist; this was correlated with the rooting capability. Mineral (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, B, Fe, Zn, Mn) content of the leaves at the beginning and after a while under the mist did not show any association with rooting except for Mn, which was negatively correlated with rooting capability.
Genotyping of Human papilloma virus DNA isolated from cervical tissue biopsies of Iraqi women with different cervical abnormalities

Human papillomaviruses(HPV) are the etiological agents of cervical and other ano-genital malignancies. More than 200 genotypes of HPV have been identified, of these, genotypes 16,18,31,33,45,51,52,53,58 have been classified as “high-risk” (HR-HPV) because they are associated with the malignant progression of cervical tumors and with other genital and head-neck malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the infection with HR-HPVs and histo-pathological presentations. Material and method: This cross-section and prospective study was conducted during March 2016 to March 2017.The study included 150 fresh cervical tissue biopsy samples collected from hysterectomy done for women with different cervical abnormalities. All samples were diagnosed histo-pathologically and classified into two groups; group of patients whom have cervical abnormalities and control group which includes samples with unremarkable changes taken from women by hysterectomy done for reasons other than cervical abnormalities. DNA was extracted from cervical tissue biopsy samples and the integrity was estimated by amplification of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene. Detection of HPV was done by PCR amplification using HPV-specific primer sets of MY09/MY11 gene. DNA samples show positivity for the above two reactions were further amplified for genotyping using specific primer sets for the HR-HPV genotypes (16, 18, 31, 35, 45, 51, 52, and 66). Results: Only 90/150 DNA samples were included in the results of this study. The most important histopathological findings were 6/90(6.7%) patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), as a total, HPV-16 detected in 3/6(50%) patients, HPV-45 detected in 3/6(50%) patients and HPV-18 detected in 2/6 (33.3%) patients. As co-infection with HR-HPV genotypes, 2/6(33.33 %) patients have co-infection with genotypes (HPV16, 18, 45) and only 1(16.66%) patient has a coinfection with two HPV genotypes (HPV 16, 45). Risk estimation for SCC with respect to HPV-16,18,45 were significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: However, only a minority of pre-cancerous lesions progress to cervical cancer,HPV genotyping is an important risk factor for differentiation progression. Testing of HPV DNA should introduced into clinical practice in Iraq with the aim of monitor women whom are at risk of cervical cancer.
Changes in Subjective Age During COVID-19

Abstract Background and Objectives To examine change in subjective age with the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Two competing hypotheses were tested: (a) people felt increasingly older due to the stress generated by the pandemic; (b) people felt increasingly younger due to psychological distancing from older age, a vulnerability to COVID-19. Research Design and Methods An age and sex stratified sample of adults from across the United States (baseline N = 3,738) was assessed on three occasions: before the COVID-19 outbreak in late-January/early-February and during the outbreak in late-March and again in late-April. Multilevel modeling analysis examined change in subjective age and tested potential moderators of individual differences in the trajectory of subjective age. Results The average trajectory of subjective age followed a concave curve, with a nadir (feeling younger) during the second assessment in late-March. Older age, negative expectations about aging, absence of pre-existing conditions, and less stress during COVID-19 were associated with feeling younger but did not predict the rate of change. The only significant predictor of change in subjective age was the belief that the “coronavirus is only a threat to older adults”: The more individuals agreed with this statement, the more likely it was that they felt increasingly younger at follow-up. Discussion and Implications Subjective age changed during a global health crisis, with people feeling younger with the emergence COVID-19. The findings support the hypothesis that subjective age partly reflects a coping process of psychological distancing from older age, the age group most vulnerable to COVID-19.
In situ properties of small and large flux ropes in the solar wind

Two populations of twisted magnetic field tubes, or flux ropes (hereafter, FRs), are detected by in situ measurements in the solar wind. While small FRs are crossed by the observing spacecraft within few hours, with a radius typically less than 0.1 AU, larger FRs, or magnetic clouds (hereafter, MCs), have durations of about half a day. The main aim of this study is to compare the properties of both populations of FRs observed by the Wind spacecraft at 1 AU. To do so, we use standard correlation techniques for the FR parameters, as well as histograms and more refined statistical methods. Although several properties seem at first different for small FRs and MCs, we show that they are actually governed by the same propagation physics. For example, we observe no in situ signatures of expansion for small FRs, contrary to MCs. We demonstrate that this result is in fact expected: small FRs expand similar to MCs, as a consequence of a total pressure balance with the surrounding medium, but the expansion signature is well hidden by velocity fluctuations. Next, we find that the FR radius, velocity, and magnetic field strength are all positively correlated, with correlation factors than can reach a value >0.5. This result indicates a remnant trace of the FR ejection process from the corona. We also find a larger FR radius at the apex than at the legs (up to 3 times larger at the apex), for FR observed at 1 AU. Finally, assuming that the detected FRs have a large‐scale configuration in the heliosphere, we derived the mean axis shape from the probability distribution of the axis orientation. We therefore interpret the small FR and MC properties in a common framework of FRs interacting with the solar wind, and we disentangle the physics present behind their common and different features.
Thermal Degradation Kinetics of ZnO/polyester Nanocomposites

ZnO particles were synthetized by the sol–gel method and subsequent heat treatment of 400, 500 and 600 °C was applied. The nano ZnO particles were incorporated to the unsaturated polyester resin by solution blending at 0.05 wt % concentration. X-ray diffraction detected the formation of a wurtzite-like structure. Viscoelastic behavior of neat polyester and nanocomposites revealed the nano ZnO particles does not promote better mechanical properties because of a weak interaction and the glass transition temperature of the polyester was favored by the presence of a higher quantity of nano-size ZnO particles. Thermogravimetric analysis at 5, 10 and 20 °C/min allowed determining the degradation kinetic parameters based on the Friedman and Kissinger models for neat polyester and nanocomposites. Heating rates promoted an increase in the temperature degradation and the addition of ZnO particles promoted a catalyst effect that reduce the amount of thermal energy needed to start the thermal degradation.
A comparison of management performance measures

Purpose: The purpose is to choose from previous research relevant key ratios and performance measures which lend themselves as a basis for management performance evaluation. After selection, we will further analyze the statistical relationships between the measures and their influence on stock price, using a shareholder perspective. In addition, examine weather it is beneficial to combine market and accounting based measures in this regard. Background: The separation of ownership and management which follows naturally by the adoption of joint-stock company corporate structure creates a problem of aligning management‟s self interest with that of the shareholders. The gap is often bridged using compensation packages, which needs to be tied to some form of accounting related performance measure that needs to provide some form of basic relation with shareholder value. Frame of Reference: Works by Jensen and Meckling (1976) regarding agency theory and additional theories regarding stakeholder theory, motivation and incentive theory are used to provide a solid background. In addition works by scholars such as Arabsalehi and Mahmoodi (2011) and Bacidore, Boquist, Milbourn and Thakor (1997) constitute the main framework which guides this thesis. The performance measures included were return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), return on capital employed (ROCE), return on sales (ROS), economic value added (EVA) and shareholder value added (SVA). Method: In order to address the purpose, a deductive research approach is used. Secondary data is collected and analysed using several statistical tests such as, panel data tests, correlation tests and coefficient of determination. Linear as well as non-parametric correlation tests were conducted. The regressions were conducted single and pairwise with and without control variables. The most suitable panel data model were selected out of three possible: fixed effects model, random effects model and pooled OLS model. The panel data model were selected using Doughtery‟s (2007) panel data selection model as a basis. Conclusion: EVA, ROCE and ROA showed evidence of being more appropriate measures based on predictionand explanatory power. SVA, although correlating with shareholder wealth at a statistically significant level, were not equally convincing as EVA, ROCE and ROA. Neither ROE or ROS showed evidence of having statistically significant relationships with changes in shareholder wealth, regardless of statistical model. Pairwise combination tests with one accounting based and one market based measure did not increase the explanatory power in shareholder value creation compared to using only a single performance measure.
On the Time‐Varying Effects of Economic Policy Uncertainty on the Us Economy

We study the impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) on the US Economy by using a VAR with time‐varying coefficients. The coefficients are allowed to evolve gradually over time which allows us to discover structural changes without imposing them a priori. We find three different regimes, which match the three major periods of the US economy, namely the Great Inflation, the Great Moderation and the Great Recession. The initial impact on real GDP ranges between −0.2% for the Great Inflation and Great Recession and −0.15% for the Great Moderation. In addition, the adverse effects of EPU are more persistent during the Great Recession providing an explanation for the slow recovery. This regime dependence is unique for EPU as the macroeconomic consequences of Financial Uncertainty turn out to be rather time invariant.
Quantitative Application of the Whole-Plant Concept to the Messinian – Piacenzian Flora of Italy

Abstract The analysis of a taxonomical database containing Italian pollen and macrofossil records of the Messinian - Piacenzian time interval allowed us to evaluate the possible assemblage of different parts within a Whole-Plant Concept. The fossil plant parts that we deemed more significant were: “herbarium-like” specimens, foliage, female and male reproductive organs and stem parts (mainly woody axes). When it has been possible, we recognized these different parts as putative products of a single ancient plant species. Then we operated a random selection of 100 taxonomical entities (potential whole-plant taxa, indicated by the progressive numbers WP001, WP002, etc.) and we analysed their fossil record in order to quantify the proportion of ancient plants represented by one, two or more different parts in the fossil record of the studied area and time slice. Our quantitative analysis showed that 63 % of the potential whole-plant taxa are represented by a single type of plant part, 23 % are represented by two plant parts, and 14 % by three or more different parts. A few taxa were selected as examples to show in detail the implications of applying the Whole-Plant Concept; this involved a taxonomic discussion of Actinidia, Ailanthus, Engelhardia, Eucommia, Glyptostrobus and Taxodium.
A qualitative study on gutka and paan masala use among Bhutanese and Burmese migrants in Georgia

The city of Clarkston (Georgia) is home to many refugees and immigrants, including Bhuta-nese and Burmese populations. Use of gutka and paan masala is common in these populations. While gutka and paan masala contain toxic ingredients including carcinogens, little research has examined general use, perceptions of risk, cultural norms, and access to these products among Bhutanese and Burmese populations in the southern U.S. This study uses focus groups and key informant interviews to develop an understanding of gutka and paan masala use among Bhutanese and Burmese refugee populations residing in Clark-ston, focusing in particular on knowledge and perceptions of harm, patterns of and reasons for use, access to gutka and paan masala, and resources for cessation and prevention of gutka and paan masala use. We conducted 21 focus groups with Bhutanese and Burmese youths and adults and 11 key informant interviews. We analyzed data using MAXQDA and a grounded theory approach. Emerging themes included mixed understandings of ingredi-ents and harms associated with gutka and paan masala use. The continued use of paan masala was perceived to be due to cultural traditions. Youths, particularly Bhutanese, were perceived as a rising group of users of gutka and paan masala. Widespread availability and accessibility in Clarkston made it easy for both adults and youths to acquire and use gutka and paan masala. Few participants knew about prevention efforts or resources in their communities. In conclusion, culturally-relevant awareness and education programs as well as health promotion materials regarding gutka and paan masala are much needed in Bhuta-nese and Burmese communities. More regulatory actions are needed, such as better warning signs in businesses to inform customers of
The Impact of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory on Aggressive Behavior

Why some people, and not others, exhibit aggression remains unknown. Research points to certain personality traits being linked to either proactive or reactive aggression, or both. The current study attempts to address these gaps from the perspective of revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST). Using 146 participants, results revealed Behavioral Approach System (BAS)-Impulsivity and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) predicted proactive and reactive aggression. Defensive Fight predicted reactive aggression. BAS-Impulsivity predicted proactive aggression partially mediated by Social Dominance Orientation. These findings suggest proactive and reactive aggression are motivated by a combination of anxiety and rapid, approach-motivational personality traits. This study provides further understanding of the specific relations between rRST and aggression, is integrated into the general aggression model, and has implications for treatment of aggressive individuals.
Clinical Guidelines : Nutrition Support of Adult Patients With Enterocutaneous Fistula

Background: The management of patients with enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) requires an interdisciplinary approach and poses a significant challenge to physicians, wound/stoma care specialists, dietitians, pharmacists, and other nutrition clinicians. Guidelines for optimizing nutrition status in these patients are often vague, based on limited and dated clinical studies, and typically rely on individual institutional or clinician experience. Specific nutrient requirements, appropriate route of feeding, role of immune-enhancing formulas, and use of somatostatin analogues in the management of patients with ECF are not well defined. The purpose of this clinical guideline is to develop recommendations for the nutrition care of adult patients with ECF. Methods: A systematic review of the best available evidence to answer a series of questions regarding clinical management of adults with ECF was undertaken and evaluated using concepts adopted from the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group. An anonymous consensus process was used to develop the clinical guideline recommendations prior to peer review and approval by the ASPEN Board of Directors and by FELANPE. Questions: In adult patients with enterocutaneous fistula: (1) What factors best describe nutrition status? (2) What is the preferred route of nutrition therapy (oral diet, enteral nutrition, or parenteral nutrition)? (3) What protein and energy intake provide best clinical outcomes? (4) Is fistuloclysis associated with better outcomes than standard care? (5) Are immune-enhancing formulas associated with better outcomes than standard formulas? (6) Does the use of somatostatin or somatostatin analogue provide better outcomes than standard medical therapy? (7) When is home parenteral nutrition support indicated? (JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. XXXX;xx:xx-xx)
Personality Traits on Persistent Depressive Disorder

Evidence emerged for the HEXACO Model, summarized the domains of personality in six dimensions. The difficulties associated with the diagnosis of dysthymia have raised questions in maintaining in mood disorders. Given the literature review and defending a modification in the structural model of personality, this study proves the importance of a preliminary study of the psychometric properties of HEXACO in a Portuguese sample. It is important the exploration of personality traits in a clinical population diagnosed with Persistent Depressive Disorder. The sample, for the first study, consisted of 118 women and 48 men aged 18 to 57 years (M=26.21, SD=10.23). The study 2 includes participants belonging to the clinical group (M=48.33, SD=10.23) and nonclinical group (M=41.23, SD=9.63) all female aged between 23 and 63 years. The instruments used for the study were the HEXACO-60, NEO-FFI-20 and PHQ-9. The results demonstrate that the HEXACO-60 has satisfactory psychometric properties that make it a suitable tool to evaluate the personality, presenting high correlations with NEO-FFI and a higher internal consistency. It is also verified that there are significant correlations between depressive symptoms and personality traits. Although this analysis is preliminary with regard to psychometric study of the assessment tool HEXACO-60 personality, the statistical analysis of the instrument showed that it has adequate psychometric properties proving to be an appropriate tool to evaluate the constructs of personality. We conclude that there is evidence to suggest the need for reformulation of the diagnosis of persistent depressive disorder.
The Dual and Bidual of Certain A ∗ -Algebras

It is well known that every £*-algebra is Arens' regular and that its bidual is a £*-algebra. Wong has asked whether a dual . 4 "-algebra of the first kind is Arens' regular. It is shown that this is true in the topologically simple case; in the course of the proof it is shown that in this case the bidual is, modulo its radical, an /4*-aIgebra of the first kind.