Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of dermatoses among hairdressers and beauticians in Srinagar, the capital city of Kashmir, India

Background: Skin disorders among hairdressers and beauticians have been recognized as a common problem, owing to the prolonged exposure to a variety of irritants and allergens. Objectives: The aim was to study the prevalence of dermatoses among hairdressers and beauticians in Srinagar, the capital city of Kashmir, India. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 respondents from 57 salons and parlors located within the borders of the city. Detailed history taking and complete examination were performed during personal visits. Patch tests were performed with the Indian standard series on all participants. Results: The mean age of the study sample was 24.3 ± 6.3 years. 54% of the studied cases were found to suffer from one or more skin disorders. Hand eczema was the most commonly encountered dermatosis, observed in 32% of the cases. Three patterns of hand eczema were recognized: classic (14%), interdigital (6%), and threading (8%). Callosities were seen in 19% of the cases. We employed the term scissor nodule for the typical pattern of a callosity caused by the finger rings of scissors. Nail staining was encountered in 19%. The most common allergens leading to a positive patch test were found to be paraphenylenediamine (PPD) in thirteen cases, followed by a fragrance mix in nine, nickel sulfate in nine, thiuram in three, and formaldehyde in one. Conclusion: Skin disorders are common among hairdressers and beauticians. Raising awareness of these disorders and methods of their prevention among this group is imperative.
In vitro Kinetics Study of Cerastes Cerastes Phospholipase A2 using Olive Leaf Extract: A Fluorescence Approach

Understanding snake venom kinetics is crucial for developing risk evaluation strategies and determining the best dose and timing of antivenom required to bind all venom in snakebite patients. Polyphenolic compounds have shown to inhibit toxic effects induced by snake venom proteins. The interaction of polyphenols with Phospholipase A2 of Cerastes cerastes snake venom was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. The decrease in the fluorescence versus time was conducted at room temperature in 0.01 M Tris, 0.1 M NaCl at pH 7.4. The decrease in fluorescence was following a pattern of zero-order kinetics rate in which the fluorescence is decreasing linearly with time. This study is expected to offer additional information about the interactions of PLA2 with natural product that might lead to therapeutic drug.
The Cytotoxicity and Clearance of Mutant Huntingtin and Other Misfolded Proteins

Protein misfolding and aggregation are implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases. One of these diseases is Huntington’s, which is caused by increased glutamine-encoding trinucleotide repeats within the Huntingtin gene. Like other misfolded proteins, mutated Huntingtin proteins with polyglutamine expansions are prone to aggregation. Misfolded proteins exist as soluble monomers, small aggregates, or as large insoluble inclusion bodies. Misfolded protein aggregates are believed to be cytotoxic by stressing the protein degradation machinery, disrupting membrane structure, or sequestering other proteins. We recently showed that expression of misfolded proteins lowers cellular free ubiquitin levels, which compromises the protein degradation machinery. Therefore, the efficient degradation of misfolded proteins is critical to preserve cell health. Cells employ two major mechanisms to degrade misfolded proteins. The first is the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which ubiquitinates and degrades misfolded proteins with the assistance of segregase Cdc48/p97. The UPS pathway is mainly responsible for the clearance of misfolded proteins present as monomers or smaller aggregates. The second pathway is macroautophagy/autophagy, in which protein aggregates or inclusion bodies are recruited into an autophagosome before transport to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation. This review is focused on the current understanding of the cytotoxicity of misfolded proteins as well as their clearance pathways, with a particular emphasis on mutant Huntingtin.
The Molecular Diffusion of Heat and Mass from Two Spheres

The above equation applies also to the case of mass transfer simply by replacing Nu by the Sherwood number Sh. Morrison and Reed ( 1974) derived a solution for the conductive heat transfer from two touching spheres. They found that the Nusselt number of a sphere was reduced by the presence of a touching sphere according to the following 2ln 2 Nu  (2) The problem of two, three and multi-sphere or multi-bubble system are now being addressed by a number of research workers e.g. Ruzicka ( 2000) and Ramachandran et al. ( 1989) who solved the forced convective heat transfer to a linear array of three spheres by using the finite element method. In general, an increased rate of convective heat or mass transfer with sphere separation was obtained. The molecular heat conductin and mass diffusion of the two spheres are governed by the following phenomenon: t he diffusion of heat or mass from one sphere moderates the gradient of temperature and concentration around the other sphere and thus Nu or Sh are decreased with the separation distance between spheres. This phenomenon is encountered in low Reynolds number flow (e.g. Chen and Pfeiffer (1970), Aminzadeh et al. (1974) and Ramachandran and Kleinstreuer ( 1985) . The following conclusions were deduced from the literature review: a. Aconfusion exists as to the increase or decrease of heat transfer with sphere spacing. (see for example Mulholand et al. (1988). b. The majority of the theoretical research was confined to the numerical solution of the conservation equations, except for the work of Kendoush (2007). c. Two-sphere interactions were not treated experimentally, except for the works of Wang and Liu Abstract: An analytical solution to the heat conduction equation applied to two spheres was obtained. Bispherical coordinates system were used. The derived solution applies to both fluid and solid spheres. The solution revealed a decrease in the heat conduction between the two spheres when they approach one another. The solution compared well with the available theoretical models
Mitigating thermal‐induced image drift for videogrammetric technique in support of structural monitoring applications

The thermal effect that leads to spurious image drift is one major concern in the videogrammetric measurement. On the ground that the image drift originates from the thermal‐induced displacement of the image sensor board, this study proposes to establish the thermal‐induced displacement function of the image plane for the prediction of image drift and the elimination thereof. The displacement function of the image plane is calibrated with stationary targets easily available in laboratory. In measurements other than the thermal effect calibration, the thermal‐induced displacement of the image plane is predicted from the precalibrated displacement function. It is then subtracted from the measured pixel coordinates of measurand, resulting in normalized pixel coordinates in which the thermal‐induced image drift has been removed. To exemplify this approach, two thermal effect calibration tests with different camera orientations are fulfilled. The displacement function of the image plane is simulated with a first‐order polynomial model. Verification tests are performed in both temperature‐controlled and outdoor environments. The approach achieves satisfactory performance in both environments.
Thermodynamics of wetting, prewetting and surface phase transitions with surface binding

In living cells, protein-rich condensates can wet the cell membrane and surfaces of membrane-bound organelles. Interestingly, many phase-separating proteins also bind to membranes leading to a molecular layer of bound molecules. Here we investigate how binding to membranes affects wetting, prewetting and surface phase transitions. We derive a thermodynamic theory for a three-dimensional bulk in the presence of a two-dimensional, flat membrane. At phase coexistence, we find that membrane binding facilitates complete wetting and thus lowers the wetting angle. Moreover, below the saturation concentration, binding facilitates the formation of a thick layer at the membrane and thereby shifts the prewetting phase transition far below the saturation concentration. The distinction between bound and unbound molecules near the surface leads to a large variety of surface states and complex surface phase diagrams with a rich topology of phase transitions. Our work suggests that surface phase transitions combined with molecular binding represent a versatile mechanism to control the formation of protein-rich domains at intra-cellular surfaces.
The Human Capital of the Freelancers and Their Satisfaction with the Quality of Life

Digital technologies are underpinning a wide range of products, services, processes, and business model innovations that are significantly transforming industries, organizations, and society. They are increasingly permeating every aspect of our daily lives. In this paper, we looked at the challenges of digitalization, leading to a new way of working in the market and new business models, such as the gig economy. Individuals are becoming more mobile and self-directed in their careers, as opposed to traditional careers. We investigated the demographic characteristics of the new, growing group of self-employed, so-called freelancers, at the national level in Slovenia and investigated the relationships between human capital and their subjective (job and career satisfaction, life satisfaction) and objective success (income satisfaction). The survey was conducted among 200 freelancers (respondents). The empirical results show that most Slovenian freelancers working from home work in professional, scientific, and technical occupations; are between 35 and 44 years old; have completed the second level of tertiary education; work more than 40 hours per week; and have 16 years or more of work experience. To explore the quality of life of freelancers, empirical analysis showed that human capital factors are important for the success of a new career as a freelancer. The results show that freelancers’ human capital factors (education and experience, skills, and training) positively influence subjective and objective success. Using structural equation modeling, we also confirmed that human capital has a greater impact on freelancers’ subjective success (life satisfaction, career satisfaction) than on objective success (income satisfaction), suggesting that job and life satisfaction should be considered an important resource that freelancers rely on to determine their quality of life.
Experimental Study on Cellular Premixed Propane Flames in a Narrow Gap between Parallel Plates

ABSTRACT Experimental results on laminar propane flames propagating in a narrow gap between parallel glass plates are presented. Development and evolution of cellular flame structure is demonstrated by video and long-exposure photo recordings for stoichiometric and fuel-rich mixtures with equivalence ratio of 1.0:1.25. It is shown that in narrow gaps the lateral cell sizes by far exceed the gap width. Average flame propagation speed obtained for gap widths between 2.5 and 4.4 mm is shown to depend significantly on the gap width due to the effect of heat losses on the normal flame speed, as well as due to cooling of products behind the flame. Effect of gap width on the cellular structure is demonstrated, and statistical characteristics of the cells are obtained for two gap widths. Flame propagation patterns are also obtained for non-central ignition performed at one or simultaneously at two points.
AN INTER-TEMPORAL APPROACH TO THE OPTIMIZATION OF DIVIDEND POLICY WITH PREDETERMINED INVESTMENTS: COMMENT

IN A RECENT ARTICLE in this Journal [4], Buckner A. Wallingford purportedly demonstrates the relevance of dividend policy to managerial decision-making by developing a model for determining the optimum rate of new equity issuance in the context of optimizing stock price under conditions of uncertainty and a specific utility function of investors. Since he views dividends as a residual, dependent on both the earnings of the firm and the issuance of new shares, the determination of the rate of new issues also determines the level of dividends, accepting as predetermined the investments of the firm. Acknowledging the complexities of analyzing over-all market relationships, Wallingford contends that "more useful" results may be obtained from a "more myopic view of the world" [p. 630]. Although his approach is interesting and thoughtprovoking, we do not agree that his results are more useful than those obtained from a broader view of investment markets. Specifically, we do not accept his restrictive and far-less-than-complete analysis as an appropriate guide to managerial decision-making under the conditions assumed for his model. Wallingford fails to consider the full implications of his basic model and assumptions. The certainty-equivalent model adopted by Wallingford in his equation (10) anddeveloped further in equation ( 11) represents an equilibrium model of stock valuation. This model is developed on the presumption that the certainty-equivalent returns from all investments are equal.1 Wallingford further specifies that the only market imperfection included in his model is the existence of uncertainty. Transactions costs are absent; income tax differentials between ordinary and capital gains income do not exist; and no informational content is attributable to dividends. Wallingford in a footnote [p. 627] acknowledges these and other possible market imperfections which have been introduced by some writers in arguing the relevance of dividend policy; but such imperfections are not a part of his analysis. We see no reason to interpret Wallingford's model as anything other than an equilibrium model with only the one imperfection-uncertainty-included in his analysis. Recognition of Wallingford's model as representing an equilibrium condition in terms of certainty-equivalents enables one to go beyond his restricted analysis. For example, under the assumptions of his model, if for some reason management chooses to issue more shares, it is clear that the price of the firm's stock will decline, given the predetermined investments of the firm. A relevant question is whether the decline in price will be greater than the added dividend which results from the managerial action increasing the number of shares outstanding. Under the stated or implied assumptions of Wallingford's model, we see no reason for the decline in price to be other than just equal to the added dividend. At time "0", prior to the above action of management, the stockholders of the firm
Acoustic signal dominance in the multimodal communication of a nocturnal mammal

Abstract Multimodal communication in animals is common, and is particularly well studied in signals that include both visual and auditory components. Multimodal signals that combine acoustic and olfactory components are less well known. Multimodal communication plays a crucial role in agonistic interactions in many mammals, but relatively little is known about this type of communication in nocturnal mammals. Here, we used male Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats Hipposideros armiger to investigate multimodal signal function in acoustic and olfactory aggressive displays. We monitored the physiological responses (heart rate [HR]) when H. armiger was presented with 1 of 3 stimuli: territorial calls, forehead gland odors, and bimodal signals (calls + odors). Results showed that H. armiger rapidly increased their HR when exposed to any of the 3 stimuli. However, the duration of elevated HR and magnitude of change in HR increased significantly more when acoustic stimuli were presented alone compared with the presentation of olfactory stimuli alone. In contrast, the duration of elevated HR and magnitude of change in HR were significantly higher with bimodal stimuli than with olfactory stimuli alone, but no significant differences were found between the HR response to acoustic and bimodal stimuli. Our previous work showed that acoustic and chemical signals provided different types of information; here we describe experiments investigating the responses to those signals. These results suggest that olfactory and acoustic signals are non-redundant signal components, and that the acoustic component is the dominant modality in male H. armiger, at least as it related to HR. This study provides the first evidence that acoustic signals dominate over olfactory signals during agonistic interactions in a nocturnal mammal.
Disruption of artificial lipid bilayers in the presence of transition metal oxide and rare earth metal oxide nanoparticles

The unique properties of nanoparticles have made them popular materials for a wide variety of applications. Their prevalence has increased research attention to their potential toxicity, and multiple groups have found that certain nanoparticles are biologically hazardous and can induce autophagy, oxidative stress, nucleic acid damage, and cell membrane damage. In particular, multiple studies have investigated interactions between nanoparticles and cell membranes. Here, we use a high throughput artificial lipid bilayer platform capable of high resolution electrical measurements of bilayer conductance to screen for interaction between lipid bilayers and metal oxide and rare earth metal oxide nanoparticles 15–200 nm in diameter composed of: Fe3O4, Eu2O3, Er2O3, Co3O4, ZnO, La2O3, Gd2O3, CeO2, In2O3, CuO, HfO2, and TiO2. We found that all particles, with the exception of Fe3O4, TiO2, and HfO2, exhibited significant interactions with lipid bilayers, causing them to rupture a short time after addition to the solution adjacent to the bilayer. We measured this at several pH values and ionic strengths, finding, in agreement with prior work, that cationic nanoparticle surface charge correlated strongly with nanoparticle-induced disruption of lipid bilayers.
Narcissism, activity on Facebook, and conspicuous consumption among young adults

BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to explore relationships between narcissistic strategies, self-oriented activity on Facebook, and conspicuous consumption. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE The sample consisted of 323 young Polish adults. Participants completed the Conspicuous Consumption Scale (CCS), the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (NARQ), and questions regarding Facebook use. RESULTS Empirical support was found for the assumption that conspicuous consumption was predicted by narcissistic rivalry. Although the direct impact of narcissistic admiration on conspicuous consumption was non-significant, this strategy influenced status consumption through self-verified behaviours on social media, the strongest predictor of conspicuous consumption. CONCLUSIONS This shows that narcissistic rivalry directly affects the propensity to conspicuous consumption and narcissistic admiration is related to self-verified activity on Facebook. The involvement of Facebook usage in this manner increases the acquisition and display of expensive, glamorous products as external signals of status.
Genetic Variants of DMBT1 and SFTPD and Disease Severity in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Polish Population-Based Study

Deleted in malignant brain tumours 1 protein (DMBT1) and surfactant protein D (SFTPD) are antimicrobial peptides previously linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) susceptibility. This study attempts to link the most potential IBD-associated polymorphisms in DMBT1 and SFTPD with the disease severity in children. A total of 406 IBD patients (Crohn’s disease (CD) n = 214 and ulcerative colitis (UC) n = 192) were genotyped using hydrolysis probe assay. Clinical expression was described by disease activity scales, albumin and C-reactive protein levels, localisation and behaviour (Paris classification), systemic steroid, immunosuppressive, biological, and surgical treatment, number of exacerbation-caused hospitalisations, relapses and nutritional status. IBD patients with the risk genotype (AA) in DMBT1 rs2981804 had more frequent biological treatment (AA: vs. AG/GG; p = 0.012), concomitant diseases (AA vs. AG vs. GG; p = 0.015) and cutaneous manifestations (AA vs. AG/GG, p = 0.008). In UC, rs2981804 genotypes might be linked with albumin concentrations at diagnosis (AA vs. AG vs. GG; p = 0.009). In CD, DMBT1 rs2981745 was significantly associated with the number of severe relapses per year of disease (p = 0.020) and time-to-immunosuppression (p = 0.045). SFTPD was seemingly found to be associated with age at first immunosuppression in IBD (CC vs. CT vs. TT; p = 0.048). In conclusion, selected polymorphisms of DMBT1 and SFTPD might be associated with some disease severity measures in children with IBD. However, the magnitude of associations and their clinical relevance might be minor.
More than Bike Lanes—A Multifactorial Index of Urban Bikeability

The present study aims to deduce bikeability based on a collective understanding and provides a methodology to operationalize its calculation based on open data. The approach contains four steps building on each other and combines qualitative and quantitative methods. The first three steps include the definition and operationalization of the index. First, findings from the literature are condensed to determine relevant categories influencing bikeability. Second, an expert survey is conducted to estimate the importance of these categories to gain a common understanding of bikeability and merge the impacting factors. Third, the defined categories are calculated based on OpenStreetMap data and combined to a comprehensive spatial bikeability index in an automated workflow. The fourth step evaluates the proposed index using a multinomial logit mode choice model to derive the effects of bikeability on travel behavior. The expert process shows a stable interaction between the components defining bikeability, linking specific spatial characteristics of bikeability and associated components. Applied components are, in order of importance, biking facilities along main streets, street connectivity, the prevalence of neighborhood streets, green pathways and other cycle facilities, such as rental and repair facilities. The mode choice model shows a strong positive effect of a high bikeability along the route on choosing the bike as the preferred mode. This confirms that the bike friendliness on a route surrounding has a significant impact on the mode choice. Using universal open data and applying stable weighting in an automated workflow renders the approach of assessing urban bike-friendliness fully transferable and the results comparable. It, therefore, lays the foundation for various large-scale cross-sectional analyses.