Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
User Satisfaction with the Combined Oral Contraceptive Drospirenone 3m g/Ethinylestradiol 20 mg (Yasminelle

Objective: To assess women's perception of a combined oral contraceptive (COC) containing drospirenone 3 mg/ethinylestradiol (EE) 20 mg adminis- tered in the conventional 21/7 regimen (drospirenone 3 mg/EE 20 m g2 1 /7 regimen (Yasminelle � )) in clinical practice. Methods: This questionnaire-based study was performed in 12 European countries and included women who had been taking the drospirenone 3m g/EE 20 m g2 1/7 regimen COC for ‡3 months. Results: Of 16 461 completed questionnaires, 12 277 were from women who had been using the drospirenone 3 mg/EE 20 m g2 1 /7 regimen COC for ‡3 months - 34% of women were new users of COCs and 65% had switched from alternative contraceptive brands. The mean age of these respondents was approximately 27 years. Seventy percent of women who indicated that they had skin problems before taking the drospirenone 3 mg/EE 20 m g2 1/7 regimen COC responded that their skin had improved with treatment (3030/4305). Sixty-nine percent of women who had switched to the drospirenone 3 mg/EE 20 m g2 1 /7 regimen COC because of weight problems with their previous method of contraception responded that they had experienced weight loss (1205/1745). Approximately 95% of respondents said they were satisfied with the drospirenone 3 mg/EE 20 m g2 1 /7 regimen COC. Moreover, 83% of res- pondents said they would recommend this COC to a friend. Conclusion: There were high levels of perceived satisfaction with the drospirenone 3 mg/EE 20 m g2 1 /7 regimen COC. The reported effects on weight loss (due to decreased water retention) and skin problems are consistent with the antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic benefits of drospirenone-containing COCs.
THE EFFECT OF DEEP TISSUE MASSAGE ON TENSION REDUCTION IN THE STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF THE SUPERFICIAL BACK LINE

Rafał Uryzaj, Anna Kuklińska, Anna Cabak 1 Centrum Masażu i Rehabilitacji Body-Relax, Poznań, Polska 2 Katedra i Zakład Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej Uniwersytetu Medycznego im. Karola Marcinkowskiego, Poznań, Polska 3 Wydział Rehabilitacji, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, Warszawa, Polska 1 The Centre of Massage and Rehabilitation Body-Relax, Poznan, Poland 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland 3 Faculty of Rehabilitation, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
Efficiency of mechanical chest compressions with the LUCAS device in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a meta-analysis

Cardiac arrest (CA) is the sudden cessation of cardiac ejection, severe ischemia and hypoxia of vital organs such as heart and brain, leading to the termination of life. This unexpected sudden death is also known as sudden death in medicine. CA is a combination of high incidence and low survival. About 350,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases occur in the United States each year (1-3). Although a series of new guidelines and standards were issued (1,2). The average survival rate for OHCA in the United States barely changed from 1978 to 2008 (4). With the development of science and technology and economy, people’s living standard is constantly improved, and the risk Original Article
Oral hygiene status of disabled children and adolescents attending special schools of South Canara, India

Objective. To evaluate the oral hygiene status of disabled children and young adults attending special schools in South Canara, Karnataka, India. Methods. All disabled individuals between 3 and 20 years attending the district’s eight non-residential special schools were examined by a single investigator between February and April 2002. Oral hygiene levels were assessed using the simplified oral hygiene index, and a modified version of this index was used to evaluate primary dentition. Information regarding tooth cleaning habits was obtained by questioning parents or adult guardians. Results. Of the 524 subjects recruited, the simplified oral hygiene indices in primary, mixed, and permanent dentitions were 1.48 (standard deviation, 0.93), 2.12 (1.09), and 2.76 (1.20), respectively. Subjects with severe intellectual disabilities had the worst oral hygiene (overall score, 3.22), followed by those with moderate intellectual disabilities (2.87). Hearing and visually impaired subjects had better oral hygiene (1.49 and 2.04, respectively) than other disabled individuals. Subjects using toothbrush and toothpaste had better oral hygiene than those using other indigenous modes of cleaning. Conclusion. Disabled children experience greater challenges to proper oral hygiene and health care, often due to a lack of basic manual skills and intellectual abilities that precludes adequate practices, such as toothbrushing. Organized action by India’s dental professionals and community and public health authorities is required to address the discrepancies in oral health and hygiene among disabled children and address the barriers to education and care that include cost, fear, and social attitudes.
Policy Uncertainty and Current Account Dynamics∗

What is the response of the current account to heightened monetary policy uncertainty? This question is particularly important for developing countries where policy uncertainty is substantially higher and time-varying. Estimation using Russian and Brazilian data shows that the current account improves by up to 0.2 percent of GDP following a one standard deviation increase in policy uncertainty. I present an open economy New-Keynesian model that can replicate this finding. In the model, an increase in policy volatility leads to an improvement in the current account, a decline in output, and an increase in inflation. The overall improvement in the current account is due to households’ precautionary asset accumulation and a rise in the trade balance. In sticky-price DSGE models, policy volatility shocks often generate a comovement problem: output and inflation move in the opposite direction. For developed countries, the countercyclical movement of prices after uncertainty shocks is hard to reconcile with empirical observations. This paper shows that for developing countries this does not seem to be an issue. In Russia and Brazil, output and inflation move in the opposite direction after an increase in policy uncertainty. JEL classification: E31, E32, E52, F32, F41, F44.
Modal energy transfer by controlled structural connections

This paper describes a semi-active control strategy that allows to transfer the vibration energy from an arbitrarily induced to a selected structural mode. The intended aim of the proposed control strategy is energy harvesting from structural vibrations. Another potential application is related to structural safety. In the paper, a mathematical model is first introduced to describe the phenomenon of vibrational energy transfer, and then, based on this model, an efficient semi-active control strategy is proposed. Finally, some problems related to measurement techniques are discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated in an example of energy transfer between vibrational modes of a three-bar planar frame structure.
Evaluation Report

Scientific impact of research Very good • Most of the R&D outcomes are of a high international standard and generate considerable international interest in the field. • Research outputs have been issued by leading international publishers and through the Museum’s publishing house to a high quality, such as the Folklore journal. • The number and quality of publications per research staff member indicate a high level of intellectual and creative engagement. There is good evidence of a well-organised research infrastructure that has enabled both high quality research outputs and grant success in the Museum’s three priority research areas. National and international collaboration is a strength, but might be further strengthened to increase the scientific impact of the Museum’s research activities.
miR-204-5p Suppress Lymph Node Metastasis via Regulating CXCL12 and CXCR4 in Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) exhibits a poor prognosis due to extensive invasion and lymphatic metastasis in the advanced stage. In this study, we firstly found that the expression of miR-204-5p markedly decreased in GC patients' tissue and serum, especially in GC with lymphatic metastasis. And ROC analysis showed miR-204-5p also served as a predicted factor for the lymphatic metastasis of GC. CXCL12 and CXCR4 were predicted and confirmed as the functional targets of miR-204-5p by Targetscan analysis, dual luciferase assay and western blotting analysis. In addition, we further determined that miR-204-5p suppresses migration and invasion in GC. This finding elucidates new functions and mechanisms for miR-204-5p in GC development and provides a new potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic targets for GC.
A Critical Evaluation of Mikhail Gorbachev's Role in Ending the Cold War

Mikhail Gorbachev is one of the prominent figures who are believed to have had their part in bringing the end to the Cold War. It may also be said that he is the most controversial character among them. We have seen a multitude of contrasting opinions about the motivations and consequences of Gorbachev’s statesmanship, ranging from Western euphoric fascination in the 1990s to accusations of treason by the members of the collapsed Soviet establishment. More analytical judgments point to the problem of the factual importance of individual agency in shaping the considered events. Several years after the end of the Cold War it became apparent that the USSR was bound to ‘lose’ the prolonged competition with the Western world. Especially the rigid, wildly inefficient planned economy presented a self-defeating idea. Additionally, Communism as an ideology began to lose its appeal among third world countries, and in the early 1980s the Kremlin was beginning to realize that the possibility of a Communist expansion had become rather marginal. Simultaneously, there was growing pressure from the United States which reinitiated the arms-race with resources vastly beyond the Soviet capabilities. Parallel to these arguments is the recognition that even if the Soviet cause was moribund, it was not certain when and how the Cold War would end. The competition could have extended well into the 21 century – or could have ended in a nuclear confrontation.
Optimal closed-loop wake steering, Part 1: Conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layer conditions

Abstract. Strategies for wake loss mitigation through the use of dynamic closed-loop wake steering are investigated using large eddy simulations of conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layer conditions, where the neutral boundary layer is capped by an inversion and a stable free atmosphere. The closed-loop controller synthesized in this study consists of a physics-based lifting line wake model combined with a data-driven Ensemble Kalman filter state estimation technique to calibrate the wake model as a function of time in a generalized transient atmospheric flow environment. Computationally efficient gradient ascent yaw misalignment selection along with efficient state estimation enables the dynamic yaw calculation for real-time wind farm control. The wake steering controller is tested in a six turbine array embedded in a quasi-stationary conventionally neutral flow with geostrophic forcing and Coriolis effects included. The controller increases power production compared to baseline, greedy, yaw-aligned control although the magnitude of success of the controller depends on the state estimation architecture and the wind farm layout. The influence of the model for the coefficient of power Cp as a function of the yaw misalignment is characterized. Errors in estimation of the power reduction as a function of yaw misalignment are shown to result in yaw steering configurations that under-perform the baseline yaw aligned configuration. Overestimating the power reduction due to yaw misalignment leads to increased power over greedy operation while underestimating the power reduction leads to decreased power, and therefore, in an application where the influence of yaw misalignment on Cp is unknown, a conservative estimate should be taken. Sensitivity analyses on the controller architecture, coefficient of power model, wind farm layout, and atmospheric boundary layer state are performed to assess benefits and trade-offs in the design of a wake steering controller for utility-scale application. The physics-based wake model with data assimilation predicts the power production in yaw misalignment with a mean absolute error over the turbines in the farm of 0.02 P1, with P1 as the power of the leading turbine at the farm, whereas a physics-based wake model with wake spreading based on an empirical turbulence intensity relationship leads to a mean absolute error of 0.11 P1.
Non-local Image Smoothing with Objective Evaluation

—With the rapid development of image processing techniques, image smoothing has gained increasing attention due to its important role in other image processing tasks, e.g., image editing and enhancement. However, the evaluation of image smoothing methods is subjectively performed on datasets without proper ground truth images. Therefore, an image smoothing benchmark with reasonable ground-truths is essential to prosper the image smoothing community. In this paper, we construct a new Nankai Smoothing (NKS) dataset containing 200 versatile images blended by natural textures and structure images. The structure images are inherent smooth and can be safely taken as ground truths. On our NKS dataset, we comprehensively evaluate 14 popular image smoothing algorithms. Moreover, we propose a novel Pixel-level Non-Local Smoothing (PNLS) method, exploiting better the non-local self-similarity of natural images to well preserve the structure of the smoothed images. Extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets demonstrate that our PNLS is very effective on the image smoothing task. Comprehensive ablation studies also reveal the work mechanism of our PNLS on image smoothing. To further show its effectiveness, we apply the proposed PNLS on semantic region smoothing, detail/edge enhancement, and image abstraction. The benchmark and code will be publicly released.
Impact of long term use of fertilizer on surface invertebrates in experimental plots in a permanent hayfield in Northern-Iceland

Surface invertebrates were collected in pitfall traps from beginning of June to end of October 1996 on fertilizer experiment in Akureyri, Northern-Iceland, where impact of long term use of N-fertilizer is studied. Totally 60 species of invertebrates were identified to species level. As a mean for the whole period 1.3–5.6 specimens/day were collected from the plots, dominated by mites and springtails. Flying insects were more frequently trapped on plots with low grass (Agrostis capillaris) compared to plots covered with taller grass species (Alopecurus pratensis). Fertilization decreased the number of invertebrate species collected but increased substantially total number of specimens, especially number of mites and springtails. Number of mites and springtails was highest where ammonium nitrate was applied, and lowest where calcium nitrate was used. Number of earthworms decreased with fertilization and they disappeared at low soil pH where ammonium sulphate had been applied, while number of Prostigmata mites increased. Although fertilization in most cases increased number of specimens, management reduced number of trapped spiders and hemipterans, but after cutting catches of spiders and beetles increased in fertilized plots. Activity of most groups of invertebrates culminated at temperature peaks, apart from dipterans which culminate in spring and Isotomidae springtails and beetles which culminate in fall.
Blood and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease

The significant advances in understanding the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has led to development of biomarkers that can trace the disease at the biological level since the very early phase. PET ligands and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) core biomarkers were developed and validated, gradually becoming reference tools for a precision-medicine-based diagnosis and therapy. Besides CSF core biomarkers (total Tau, phosphorylated Tau and beta amyloid peptides) other CSF molecules have been investigated that could improve the detection of disease or can be used as a predictor of cognitive decline. However, the cost and invasiveness of these methods are major limitations for use as first-line tools. Blood-based biomarkers can greatly improve the access to the detection of at-risk populations and evaluation of possible biological benefit of treatment over time. The new highly sensitive assays that have been recently developed can make this target feasible opening a new scenario in dementia prevention and therapy.
Long Live the Vacancy

We reassess the role of vacancies in a Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides style search and matching model. In the absence of free entry long lived vacancies and endogenous separations give rise to a vacancy depletion channel which we identify via joint unemployment and vacancy dynamics. We show conditions for constrained efficiency and discuss important implications of vacancy longevity for modeling and calibration, in particular regarding match cyclicality and wages. When calibrated to the postwar US economy, the model explains not only standard deviations and autocorrelations of labor market variables, but also their dynamic correlations with only one shock.
Neuroprotective Effect of Organic and Conventional White Grape Juice against Carbon Tetrachloride Damage in Different Brain Areas of Rats

Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between free radicals and reactive species production, and antioxidant defense mechanisms [1-3]. Several studies have shown that oxidative stress is closely linked to the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as: Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, multiple sclerosis and certain types of cancers [1,4,5]. However, reactive species also are very important for normal metabolism, signal transduction and regulation of cellular functions. Therefore, each cell should maintain the homeostasis between the pro-oxidant and antioxidant species [6].
EARLY SUBJECTS IN CHILD ROMANIAN: A CASE STUDY

This paper documents the use of early subjects in one longitudinal corpus of monolingual Romanian. The focus is on the null/overt and preverbal/postverbal subject alternation, as well as on pragmatic adequacy. In accordance with previous studies, the results indicate that the syntax of subjects is acquired early. Overt and null subjects are attested from the first available transcript (age 2;1). Overt subjects are correctly placed in both preand post-verbal position. The use of null and overt subjects reveals early sensitivity to discourse-pragmatic constraints. The corpus contains, however, several 1 and 2 person pronominal subjects which are pragmatically infelicitous. This is interpreted as a delay in discourse-pragmatic knowledge of subject use.
Be prepared for the unexpected: The gap between (im)mobility intentions and subsequent behaviour of recent higher education graduates

Research on the relationship between mobility intentions and actual mobility behaviour is scarce. This study analyses the factors explaining the gap between (im)mobility intentions and behaviour of recent higher education graduates in the Euregio Meuse‐Rhine, a cross‐border region spanning the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany. The analysis is based on mixed methods, including survey data collected in 2015 and 2017 as well as semistructured interviews to find out more about respondents' personal mobility trajectories and the extent to which their behaviour reflects their actual (im)mobility preferences. The findings indicate that location‐specific capital impacts the probability to realise one's (im)mobility intention, as do other forms of capital, such as previous mobility experience and an internship during the study. Furthermore, personality traits and unexpected events, such as a change in relationship status, influence if respondents realise their initial (im)mobility intention.
The effect of aqeous seed extract of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) on haematological parameters in albino rats

The effect of oral administration of an aqueous extract of the seeds of Trigonella foenum graecum in various dose (300-900 mgkg-1 body weight) for 14 days/doses on haematological parameters (HB, RBS, PCV and WBC) in albino rats was studied. There was significant increase in he levels of HB, WBC and PCV after 7 days of extract treatment but the levels decreased when treatment continued to the 14th day. White blood cell counts were significantly higher (P <. 0005) after 7 of extract treatment as compared to control and the 14 days treatment. The body weights of the animals significantly increased with the number of days of extract treatment and was dose dependent. The weighs of he liver, heart and kidney did not change neither with increasing dose nor the period of treatment. Keywords : Trigonella foenum graecum , haematological parameters, blood, rat.
Quality and Toxicity Assessments of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vaccine in Inoculated Guinea Pigs

The quality and toxicity assessment of foot and mouth disease virus vaccine was carried out in inoculated guinea pigs. The vaccine was developed from local isolates for the control and prevention of foot and mouth disease in Nigerian cattle. All the vaccine inputs tested were sterile and the high mean titre levels of complement fixing antibodies (92.8 and 147.2) and serum neutralizing antibodies (1.68 and 2.15), either as single dose or repeated doses inoculations. The blood immune cells parameters showed a positive immunological response due to activation by the vaccine antigens. There were increases in their population as compared to the controls. The blood enzyme profiles did not show any significant evidence of tissue or organ damage as all the results obtained were within the reference standard ranges of normal healthy guinea pigs. The findings from the study show that the vaccine could be used for the control and prevention of foot and mouth disease in Nigerian livestock. Keyword : Foot and Mouth Disease, Antibody, Quality, Toxicity, Vaccine.
Spousal Disagreement in Reporting of Intimate Partner Violence in Kenya

We investigate differences in spousal reports of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and men using a sample of 800 couples in rural Kenya. We find that up to one-third of couples disagree but that disagreement varies by violence type and victim's gender. We study the role of gender attitudes in explaining this heterogeneity. We find that couples with more gender-unequal attitudes are more likely to agree on violence against women and less likely to agree on violence against men. This suggests that gender norms govern reporting by the victim. Thus, discrepancies may result even if perpetrators report accurately.
Depression in individuals with mental retardation : an evaluation of cognitive theories.

ii Acknowledgments . iv Vita . v List of Tables . ix List of Figures . xiii Chapters