Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Variation in Gill-Net Catch and Diet of Yellow Perch in a Stratified Iowa Lake

Abstract Patterns in catch per unit effort (CPUE) and diet of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) captured in monofilament gill nets at five depths in a stratified Iowa lake (West Lake Okoboji) were described. The CPUE varied by sampling depth, time of day, and month. Greatest CPUE was observed at 10 m at dawn and dusk. Temperature and dissolved oxygen concentrations associated with stratification were more important than substrate, cover, or availability of benthic prey in influencing CPUE. A substantial variation in stomach contents among fish sampled at different depths was observed. The study demonstrated the need to consider sampling time and location of nets as a source of variation when assessing either relative abundance or diet of yellow perch stocks in a stratified lake.
Τhe February – March 2019 Seismic Swarm Offshore North Lefkada Island, Greece: Microseismicity Analysis and Geodynamic Implications

A quite energetic seismic excitation consisting of one main and additional three distinctive earthquake clusters that occurred in the transition area between the Kefalonia Transform Fault Zone (KTFZ) and the continental collision between Adriatic and Aegean microplates, is thoroughly studied after high–precision aftershocks’ relocation. The activated fault segments are in an area where historical and instrumental data have never claimed the occurrence of a catastrophic (M>6.0) earthquake. The relocated seismicity initially defines an activated structure extending from the northern segment of the Lefkada branch of KTFZ with the same NNE–SSW orientation and dextral strike slip faulting and then keeping the same sense of motion its strike becomes NE–SW and its dip direction NW. This provides unprecedented information on the link between the KTFZ and the Collision front and sheds more light on the regional geodynamics. The earthquake catalog, which is especially compiled for this study, starts one year before the occurrence of the Mw5.4 mainshock, and adequately provides the proper data source for investigating the temporal variation of the b– value, which might be used for discriminating foreshock and aftershock behavior.
Posterolateral acromial fracture with acute deltoid dysfunction: a case report

INTRODUCTION Acromial fractures occur in 8% to 23% of all scapular fractures. The fracture can be caused by direct or indirect injury. High-energy trauma due to traffic accidents or sports injuries are common causes of acromial fractures. Stress fractures have been reported as potential causes of acromion fractures as well. An acromial fracture is also a known complication of reverse shoulder arthroplasty. There are limited reports in literature regarding the treatment of this rare injury. Acromial fracture can be classified into three groups as proposed by Kuhn et al. Type I fractures are minimally displaced, type II fractures are displaced and do not cause subacromial impingement, and type III fractures are displaced and cause subacromial impingement (Figure 1). Other classifications described in literature are the Ogawa classification and the AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification. Surgical treatment is recommended for acromial fractures with significant displacement and/or subacromial impingement. This is a report of a patient with an isolated posterolateral deltoid tear after an acromial fracture. The following case report is compliant with Surgical Case Report (SCARE) guidelines. An informed consent was obtained from the patient for this publication.
When do generalists change more than specialists? Problem-driven and slack-driven change in labor allocation

The existing literature has reached contradictory empirical conclusions regarding the tendency for generalist and specialist organizations to change their status quo. Some have posited that generalists are less likely to change than specialists, while others have posited the opposite. This article explores when generalists and specialists change their allocations of labor resources by delving into two different mechanisms: (1) how they perform (problem-driven mechanism) and (2) how much extra resources they possess (slack-driven mechanism). Based on empirical evidence collected in the agricultural industry in South Korea, we find that specialists are more likely to change in accordance with a problem-driven mechanism, whereas generalists are more prone to react to a slack-driven mechanism.
The Hummingbird Plant Community of a Tropical Montane Rain Forest in Southern Ecuador

: The diversity of a hummingbird plant community in the eastern Andes of southern Ecuador was studied on the equivalent of a hectare (two 500 ′ 10 m transects) at 1920 - 2100 m a.s. l. over the course of a year. A total of 3186 flowering individuals, representing 12 plant families, 29 genera and 72 species, were found to be visited by hummingbirds. Bromeliaceae had the most species visited, followed by Orchidaceae and Ericaceae. The majority of visited plant species were represented by a very few individuals, and only a few species of the Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae appeared in large numbers of visited individuals. With regard to life forms visited by hummingbirds, epiphytes predominated (59 %), followed by trees and shrubs (29 %), vines (8 %) and herbs (4 %). Visited flowers usually had short- to medium-long floral tubes which were either functionally or morphologically tubiform or campanulate. Fifty percent of the species had red-coloured flowers, and a considerable number of the blossoms (43 %) displayed contrasting colours. The 72 plant species received visits from 26 species of Trochilidae (hummingbirds) and two species of Coerebidae (honeycreepers). A mere eight species of hummingbirds were seen frequently at the study area; the remaining species were only occasionally sighted. The eight frequently sighted species of hummingbirds made use of a total of 74 % of all hummingbird-visited plant species growing in the study area.
A New Rupicolous Species of the Pristimantis conspicillatus Group (Anura: Brachycephaloidea: Craugastoridae) from Central Bahia, Brazil

Abstract. We describe a new frog species of the megadiverse genus Pristimantis from the Chapada Diamantina, a regional designation of the Espinhaço mountain range in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. We assign the new species to the genus Pristimantis, P. conspicillatus group, based on its phylogenetic position. This is the second rupicolous species of Pristimantis and the fourth species inhabiting northeastern Brazil. The new species is characterized by the following combination of characters: 1) dorsum background color light brown to yellowish-brown, maculated with blackish-brown marks, resembling a granite rock surface; 2) dorsum granular; 3) venter areolate; 4) dentigerous process of the vomer ovoid; 5) snout rounded or truncate in dorsal view; 6) snout rounded in profile; 7) dorsolateral folds absent; 8) finger fringes absent; 9) toe fringes weakly developed; 10) double, poorly developed nuptial pads; 11) vocal slits present in the male; 12) advertisement call composed of one note; 13) call duration 0.011–0.086 s; 14) dominant frequency varying from 2.41 to 3.49 kHz; and 15) decreasing amplitude modulation from the beginning to the end of call. We recovered the new species outside the clade containing the other three nominal species of Pristimantis from northeastern Brazil, as the sister species of P. gaigei, a species from Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia. The new species seems to be restricted to the high-elevation areas (870–1,800 m a.s.l.) of the Chapada Diamantina, Central Bahia, Brazil. Both the genus Pristimantis and the P. conspicillatus group still lack morphological synapomorphies, and a thorough systematic review based on a stringent phylogenetic hypothesis is necessary for a better understanding of the evolution of these important lineages of Neotropical frogs.
How Marriage Matters for the Intergenerational Mobility of Family Income: Heterogeneity by Gender, Life Course, and Birth Cohort

Adult children’s labor market status and their type of marriage are major channels through which family advantages are passed from one generation to the next. However, these two routes are seldom studied together. We develop a theoretical approach to incorporate marriage entry and marital sorting into the intergenerational transmission of family income, accounting for differences between sons and daughters and considering education as a central explanatory factor. Using a novel decomposition method applied to data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find that marriage plays a major role in intergenerational transmission only among daughters and not until they reach their late-30s. This is more salient in the recent cohort in our data (people born 1963 to 1975). Marital status and marital sorting are comparably important in accounting for the role of marriage, but sorting becomes more important over cohorts. The increasing earnings returns to education over a husband’s career and the weakening association between parental income and daughter’s own earnings explain why marital sorting, and marriage overall, have been growing more important for intergenerational transmission from parents to their daughters.
ENERGY INDUSTRY PERFORMANCE IN SAUDI ARABIA: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE

This study aims at investigating the associations of board of directors’ size, board of directors’ meetings, firm size and firm leverage with firm performance among energy industry in Saudi Arabia for periods ranging from 2005 to 2018. The final sample in this study consists of 56 observations. The ordinary-least square regression shows that board size is associated positively with firm performance. Further, the results of this study repot that board meetings, firm size and firm leverage are associated negatively with firm performance in the context of Saudi Arabia. The results of this study are important for policy makers at the country and corporate levels on issues related to corporate performance. Further, the results of this study can be used in future research to gain a deeper understanding of the issues of corporate performance.
Milk Energy Yield and the Correlation between Fat Percentage and Milk Yield

Summary The theory that milk yield, so far as affected by fat percentage (or milk composition), is inversely proportional to milk energy per unit of milk (or milk-energy yield is independent of milk composition) is used to develop the expected coefficient of correlation between fat percentage and milk yield, r Mf . On this theory it develops that − r Mf = Vf VM f ¯ 2 2 3 + f ¯ , where V is variability and f ¯ is mean fat percentage. For V f /V M =. 4 (the usual value as r Mf has been generally derived) and f ¯ = 4 the formula gives r Mf =−24. The low value of r Mf found in practice is in keeping with the constant energy theory, and does not detract from its biological significance or warrant its neglect in a practical breeding philosophy.
Intraspecific variation among isolates of Phytophthora capsici from pepper and cucurbit fields in North Carolina.

Phytophthora capsici was isolated from seven pepper and seven cucurbit fields in North Carolina. The relative virulence of the isolates was tested on pepper (Capsicum annuum), morphological characteristics of sporangia and oospores were evaluated, and mating type and growth response to temperature were determined. All pepper and some cucurbit isolates of P. capsici were highly virulent on pepper, whereas other cucurbit isolates were less virulent on pepper. Sporangia of cucurbit isolates were greater than 55 μm in length and were less variable in length than sporangia of pepper isolates (.)
Grain Yield Increase in Recent Argentine Wheat Cultivars

This study analyzes differences in potential yield among six semidwarf awned spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars recently selected in Argentina. Yield was considered as the product of number of grain per square meter (NG) and weight per grain. The NG was analyzed in terms of (i) duration of the inflorescence growth period (excluding grains), (ii) crop growth rate during that period, (iii) partitioning of crop dry matter to spikes during the same period, and (iv) grain/spike weight ratio (i.e., number of grains per gram of spike). The data were obtained from two field experiments in the Province of Buenos Aires. Grain yield (range: 453-689 g m -2 ) was related more to NG (range: 13.3-21.3 × 103 grain m -2 ) than to weight per grain. Duration of spike growth period was the same (27 d) for all cultivars. During this period, intercepted photosynthetically active radiation, radiation-use efficiency (mean: 2.7 ± 0.28 g MJ -1 ), and crop growth rate (mean: 26 ± 2.5 g m -2 d -1 ) were similar for all the cultivars examined. Differences among cultivars in partitioning to spikes (ranges: 28-34%) were significant. The NG, however, was not related to partitioning to the spike. There were clear differences among cultivars in the grain/spike weight ratio (range: 61-106 grain g -1 ); NG was more closely related to this ratio (r = 0.96, P < 0.01) than to dry weight of spikes at the end of their growth period (r = -0.30). Increments in potential yield by means of high grain/spike weight ratio were not previously reported and may be a path to future potential yield improvements.
Species limits, phylogeographic and hybridization patterns in Neotropical leaf frogs (Phyllomedusinae)

The taxonomy of many species is still based solely on phenotypic traits, which is often a pitfall for the understanding of evolutionary processes and historical biogeographic patterns, especially between closely related species due to either phenotypic conservatism or plasticity. Two widely distributed Neotropical leaf frogs from the Phyllomedusa burmeisteri species group (P. burmeisteri and Phyllomedusa bahiana) constitute a paramount example of closely related species with relatively unstable taxonomic history due to a large phenotypic variation. Herein, we analysed ~260 individuals from 57 localities distributed across the range of the two species to contrast individual phenotypic with an integrative phylogenetic and phylogeographic multilocus approach. We aim to clarify species limits, investigate potential undocumented diversity and examine to what extent taxonomic uncertainties could lead to misleading hypotheses on phylogeographic and interspecific hybridization patterns. Our molecular analysis supports the recognition of the two currently defined species, providing evidences for one novel and highly divergent evolutionary unit within the range of P. burmeisteri, which encompasses its type locality (Rio de Janeiro city). Spatial patterns of genetic and the colour of the hidden areas of the thigh was not congruent, varying considerably both within and between populations of both species. Genetic data showed signs of admixture between both species but do not corroborate the previously inferred wide area of introgression based on the distribution of the intermediate phenotype. Our results suggest that phenotypic variation can result from local adaptations, geographic isolation and/or evolutionary processes and, thus, cannot be used to reliably diagnose P. burmeisteri and P. bahiana. Globally, this study underscores the need of a geographical broad sampling of widespread species and the combination of molecular and phenotypic data to delineate species limits and phylogeographic patterns in species with complex taxonomy.
Icon-based Digital Food Allergen Labels for Complementation of Text-based Declaration

Food allergen declarations on packaged products lack coherent regulation, standardisation and therefore manifest in a variety of terminology. This unfortunately leads to a magnitude of preventable allergy-related outbreaks and emergencies, as consumers rely on allergen declaration for self-management. Together with dieticians, we therefore developed a purchase-related barcode scanning mHealth application that utilises a standardised taxonomy of food allergens for the display of user-friendly digital food allergen labels. The application design allowed for an in-the-wild randomised controlled trial, randomly attributing users to two treatment groups that either received icon-based or text-based digital food allergen labels. 74 users met the eligibility criteria for our study. The findings suggest that users in both groups use the application similarly frequently, but users perceive icon-based allergen labels more recommendable and more useful than text-based labels. Especially, users with low fluency in the local language (German), and frequent travellers, both segments prone to food allergy related emergencies, prefer the icon-based label, indicating that standardised, icon-based digital food allergen declarations can complement current text-based declarations. Especially users who are travelling internationally or are non-fluent in their local language can benefit from language-agnostic icon-based digital food allergen labels.
Molecular, biological and serological variability of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus in Tunisia

A study was conducted to better understand the population structure of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), a severe virus affecting cucurbit crops worldwide, in Tunisia and to estimate whether the use of resistant cultivars may provide durable control. Analysis of the polymerase and coat protein (NIb-CP) partial sequences of 83 isolates collected in the three main cucurbit-growing areas in Tunisia showed that ZYMV grouped into two distinct clusters within ZYMV molecular group A. An important variability was observed in the MREK motif of the P3 protein, a motif associated with tolerance breaking in ZYMV-tolerant zucchini squash cultivars. Interestingly, significant differences were found in the distribution of the MREK variants in the two clusters defined by the partial NIb-CP sequences, MREK and MKEK sequences being more common in cluster 1 and cluster 2, respectively. When combining NIb-CP and P3 sequence information, ZYMV molecular variability was shown to be significantly higher in the Cap Bon region than in the Bizerte area. An important biological variability was observed in a subset of 23 isolates regarding symptomatology in susceptible or resistant cucurbits. Some isolates overcame ZYMV tolerance or resistance in zucchini squash and melon, but not in cucumber. Three serotypes were differentiated using a set of 13 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Seven parameters characterizing the 23 isolates, including molecular, serological and biological properties, were used for a multiple component analysis (MCA). This analysis revealed that symptom intensity of a given isolate was similar in different susceptible cucurbit hosts, suggesting similar degrees of aggressiveness in different hosts.
A Healthy Beverage Score and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression, Incident Cardiovascular Disease, and All-Cause Mortality in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort

ABSTRACT Background Beverages are a source of calories and other bioactive constituents but are an understudied aspect of the diet. Different beverages have varying effects on health outcomes. Objectives We created the Healthy Beverage Score (HBS) to characterize participants’ beverage patterns and examined its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality among individuals with CKD. Methods We conducted a prospective analysis of 2283 adults aged 21–74 y with a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate of 20–70 mL · min−1 · 1.73 m−2 from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort. Diet was assessed using a 124-item FFQ at visit 1 (2003–2008). The HBS, ranging from 7 to 28 possible points, consisted of 7 components, each scored from 1 to 4 based on rank distribution by quartile, except alcohol, which was based on sex-specific cutoffs. Participants were given more points for higher consumption of low-fat milk and of coffee/tea, for moderate alcohol, and for lower consumption of 100% fruit juice, whole-fat milk, artificially sweetened beverages, and sugar-sweetened beverages. CKD progression, incident CVD, and mortality were ascertained through January 2018. We conducted multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results There were 815 cases of CKD progression, 285 cases of incident CVD, and 725 deaths over a maximum of 14 y of follow-up. Compared with participants in the lowest tertile of the HBS, participants in the highest tertile had a 25% lower likelihood of CKD progression (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.89; P-trend = 0.001) and a 17% lower likelihood of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.69, 1.00; P-trend = 0.04) after adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical, and dietary factors. There was no significant trend for incident CVD. Conclusions Among individuals with CKD, a healthier beverage pattern was inversely associated with CKD progression and all-cause mortality. Beverage intake may be an important modifiable target in preventing adverse outcomes for individuals with CKD.
Quantitative HBsAg titers in relation to disease progression and serum markers of iron metabolism among chronic hepatitis B patients

Aims: To investigate quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) titers in relation to disease progression and serum markers of iron metabolism in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: A total of 99 treatment-naïve CHB patients [median (min/max) age: 39.0 (17–66) years, 61.6% were males] with HBsAg positivity for at least six months were included in this study. Data on patient demographics, quantitative HBsAg titers (IU/mL), liver enzymes, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels, fibrosis stage, necroinflammatory scores and serum iron parameters including serum Fe (μg/dL), total iron binding capacity (TIBC; μg/dL), transferrin saturation (%), and ferritin (ng/mL) were recorded and compared with respect to gender and age (median age <40 years vs. ≥40 years). Results: Serum Fe (78.2 ± 29.5 vs. 111.7 ± 36.8 μg/dL, p = 0.001), transferrin saturation [0.2 (0.1–0.5) vs. 0.3 (0.1–1.0) %, p < 0.001], and ferritin [27 (3.9–298) vs. 100 (31– 994) ng/mL, p < 0.001] levels were significantly lower in females than in males. Quantitative HBsAg titers were correlated with age negatively in males overall (r = –0.328, p < 0.001) and positively in females >40 years of age (r = 0.722, p < 0.001). In females, quantitative HBsAg titers were positively with fibrosis stage (r = 0.491, p = 0.002), necroinflammatory grade (r = 0.235, p = 0.049), and ferritin (r = 0.288, p = 0.011) regardless of the age. In males, HBsAg titers were Nimet Yilmaz1, Hakan Çam2 Affiliations: 1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Sanko, Gaziantep, Turkey; 2Private Meydan Health Institutions, Private Uncali Meydan Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Antalya, Turkey. Corresponding Author: Nimet Yilmaz, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Sanko, Gaziantep, Turkey; Email: drnimet23@ hotmail.com Received: 01 January 2020 Accepted: 04 March 2020 Published: 20 May 2020 RE ARCH ARTICLE PEER REVIEWED | OPEN A CE S positively correlated with fibrosis stage (r = 0.501, p = 0.003), necroinflammatory grade (r = 0.471, p = 0.007), and HBV DNA (r = 0.313, p = 0.012) as well as with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (r = 0.284, p = 0.021) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (r = 0.265, p = 0.031) only in those >40 years of age. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings revealed lower serum iron parameters and association of quantitative HBsAg with ferritin levels in females and significant association of quantitative HBsAg with hepatitis markers in females regardless of age and in males after 40 years of age. Our findings also emphasize the likelihood of the more direct role of HBV-related liver injury rather than HBV infection per se in disturbed iron metabolism among female CHB patients and stronger association of HBsAg titers with HBV DNA and liver enzymes in males after 40 years of age.