Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leucaena leucocephala leaves and prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) as substitutes for alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.) and their effects on the gas and methane production, prevalence of methanogens and patterns of ruminal fermentation in vitro

The aim of the study was to evaluate the replacement of alfalfa hay with Leucaena leucocephala leaves and prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) as an alternative forage, on gas and methane production, ruminal fermentation patterns and total amount of methanogens during in vitro fermentation. Four treatments were evaluated: (T1) alfalfa hay + concentrate (50 : 50%, DM); (T2) alfalfa hay + Leucaena leaves + concentrate (30 : 20 : 50%, DM); (T3) alfalfa hay + prickly pear + concentrate (30 : 20 : 50%, DM) and (T4) alfalfa hay + Leucaena leaves + prickly pear + concentrate (30 : 10 : 10 : 50%, DM). The higher gas production from of soluble fraction (A) and rate gas production (Kd) values, ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentrations and propionate were found in T1 and lower in T2 (p<0.05). Nevertheless, the inclusion of Leucaena leucocephala in the diet decreased the methane production and did not affect the total of methanogens. Results showed that the replacement of alfalfa hay by Leucaena leucocephala and Opuntia ficus-indica in a diet do not affect the main variables of in vitro gas production, ruminal fermentation patterns and methanogenic microorganisms populations.
Culturing of Cardiac Fibroblasts in Engineered Heart Matrix Reduces Myofibroblast Differentiation but Maintains Their Response to Cyclic Stretch and Transforming Growth Factor β1

Isolation and culturing of cardiac fibroblasts (CF) induces rapid differentiation toward a myofibroblast phenotype, which is partly mediated by the high substrate stiffness of the culture plates. In the present study, a 3D model of Engineered Heart Matrix (EHM) of physiological stiffness (Youngs modulus ~15 kPa) was developed using primary adult rat CF and a natural hydrogel collagen type 1 matrix. CF were equally distributed, viable and quiescent for at least 13 days in EHM and the baseline gene expression of myofibroblast-markers alfa-smooth muscle actin (Acta2), and connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf) was significantly lower, compared to CF cultured in 2D monolayers. CF baseline gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (Tgfβ1) and brain natriuretic peptide (Nppb) was higher in EHM-fibers compared to the monolayers. EHM stimulation by 10% cyclic stretch (1 Hz) increased the gene expression of Nppb (3.0-fold), Ctgf (2.1-fold) and Tgfβ1 (2.3-fold) after 24 h. Stimulation of EHM with TGFβ1 (1 ng/mL, 24 h) induced Tgfβ1 (1.6-fold) and Ctgf (1.6-fold). In conclusion, culturing CF in EHM of physiological stiffness reduced myofibroblast marker gene expression, while the CF response to stretch or TGFβ1 was maintained, indicating that our novel EHM structure provides a good physiological model to study CF function and myofibroblast differentiation.
Big data, oriented-organizational culture, and business performance: A socio-technical approach

This paper experimentally examines the impact of oriented-organizational culture that could support big data analytics (BDA) in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, this study analyzed the effect of oriented-organizational culture (OC) on big data tasks (BDTs) toward improving decision-making (DM) and organization performance (OP). The study hinged on the theory of socio-technical systems to investigate BDA elements in higher education decision-making in Saudi Arabia. The analysis was conducted using a quantitative survey research design where data were collected from 270 IT staff working in Saudi Arabian HEIs using Qualtrics. PLS-SEM was applied to validate the research data and explore the relationship between the proposed hypotheses. The findings show that oriented-organizational culture positively affected big data tasks, i.e., storing, analyzing, and visualizing. Similarly, oriented-organizational culture positively affects improving decision-making by top management in Saudi Arabian universities. OC also positively influences the performance of Saudi Arabian universities. Improving decision-making by top management has a positive impact on enhancing the overall university’s performance. However, big data tasks, i.e., storing, analyzing, and visualizing, negatively affect improving decision-making by top management in Saudi Arabian HEIs. One of the study limitations is the small sample size; future studies should include private and public universities to alter the expected outcomes. Additional technological elements, such as IT infrastructure at Saudi Arabia’s private and public HEIs, are recommended to be considered in future studies to establish the competence of respective IT infrastructure. AcknowledgmentThe authors wish to thank the Problems and Perspectives in Management Journal editors for their valuable time and assistance in improving the manuscript.
Seasonal variations in histomorphology and histochemistry of vesicular gland of buffalo bull

The present study was conducted to study the seasonal changes in the histomorphology and histochemistry of the vesicular gland of buffalo bull. The vesicular gland of buffalo bull was collected from the abattoir immediately after sacrifice during winter and summer season. The tissue sample were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) and were processed for paraffin blocks preparation by acetone-benzene schedule and paraffin sections of 3-5 μm were obtained on glass slides with rotary microtome. The paraffin sections were stained with various stains to study the histomorphological and histochemical parameters. The results showed that the vesicular glands were compound tubulo-alveolar type of gland in buffalo and were composed of four layers, i.e. lamina epithelialis, propria submucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica adventitia. In winter, the lumen of acini became wider than summer. The secretory material was observed during winter but could not be seen in summer season both in glandular acini and ducts. The connective tissue of stroma was less in winter and increased in summer which may be the reason for reduced lumen of glandular acini in summer. The tunica muscularis layer was thicker in winter than in summer season. The micrometrical data revealed that the average epithelial height and acinar diameter significantly decreased from winter to summer. The activity of neutral mucopolysaccharides, basic proteins, lipids and phospholipids were more in winter than summer season. The acid mucopolysaccharides were more in summer than winter. The results indicate that the vesicular gland of buffalo bull was more functionally active during winter season as compared to summer season.
The Impact on the Stress-Associated Autonomic Response of Physiotherapy Students Receiving Interferential Current in an Electrotherapy Training Session

Electrical currents are didactic contents widely applied in the training of physiotherapy students, but the treatment is considered a stressful situation for both the patient who receives it and the student who applies it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress-associated autonomic response of physiotherapy students receiving interferential current by measuring and analysing heart rate variability. An observational case–control study was conducted. Ninety healthy male volunteers, all physiotherapy degree students, were enrolled while attending laboratory practice during the 2020–2021 academic year. Participants were randomly allocated to a sham electrotherapy group (44 subjects), in which heart rate variability was recorded for 10 min, both at rest and during the application of sham technique on the lower back (10 min), and an electrotherapy group (46 subjects), applying the same procedure with the electrical current flowing. Outcome measures included baseline (seated position) and postintervention (prone position) time domain parameter, diameters of the Poincaré plot 1 and 2, stress score, and sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio. The sham electrotherapy group exhibited significant increases in time domain parameter (p = 0.027) and diameters of the Poincaré plot 1 (p = 0.032), with a small effect size (d ≤ 0.5). The electrotherapy group exhibited significant increases in time domain parameter and diameters of the Poincaré plot 1 and 2 (p < 0.001) and decreases in the stress score and sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio (p < 0.001), with a large effect size (d > 0.8) other than for the time domain parameter (d = 0.42), indicating increased parasympathetic and decreased sympathetic activity. After interventions, there were significant differences between groups in diameters of the Poincaré plot 2 (p < 0.001), stress score (p = 0.01) and sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio (p = 0.003), with moderate effect size (d > 0.5). The application of the interferential current technique produces stress-associated autonomic response characterized by greater parasympathetic activity and decreased sympathetic activity. Further studies are needed to determine possible adverse effects.
A Deeper Understanding of the Relationship between Family of Origin and Young Adult Cyber Dating Abuse: A Mediation Model

Little research has examined factors that may mediate the experience of cyber dating abuse, a pervasive problem for young adults. This study explores how family of origin, insecure attachment, and emotion regulation are associated with cyber dating abuse perpetration and victimization. Undergraduate students (N = 320) completed an online survey and Structural Equation Modeling was used to perform mediation analyses. Results indicated that the relationship between family environment and cyber dating abuse perpetration was mediated by emotion regulation and anxious attachment; whereas, anxious attachment was the only significant mediator for cyber dating abuse victimization. Avoidant attachment was not a significant mediator. Based on findings in this study, clinicians can capitalize on therapeutic interventions related to emotion regulation and anxious attachment to mitigate the effects of cyber dating abuse. Working with families or partners using a systemic therapy framework can be beneficial to those who may be experiencing cyber dating abuse.
Potential of a Composite Conduit with Bacterial Nanocellulose and Fish Gelatin for Application as Small-Diameter Artificial Blood Vessel

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has received great attention for application as an artificial blood vessel material. However, many results showed that pristine BNC could not perfectly meet all the demands of blood vessels, especially for rapid endothelialization. In order to improve the properties of small-caliber vessels, different concentrations of fish gelatin (Gel) were deposited into the 3D network tubes and their properties were explored. The BNC/Gel composite tubes were treated with glutaraldehyde to crosslink BNC and fish gelatin. Compared with pristine BNC tubes, the BNC/Gel tubes had a certain improvement in mechanical properties. In vitro cell culture demonstrated that the human endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human smooth muscle cells (HSMCs) planted on the internal walls of BNC/Gel tubes showed better adhesion, higher proliferation and differentiation potential, and a better anticoagulation property, as compared to the cells cultured on pristine BNC tubes. Whole-blood coagulation experiments showed that the BNC/Gel tube had better properties than the BNC tube, and the hemolysis rate of all samples was less than 1.0%, satisfying the international standards for medical materials. An increase in the content of fish gelatin also increased the mechanical properties and the biocompatibility of small-caliber vessels. Considering the properties of BNC/Gel tubes, 1.0 wt/v% was selected as the most appropriate concentration of fish gelatin for a composite.
Effect of serotonin on the cell viability of the bovine mammary alveolar cell-T (MAC-T) cell line

Abstract 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), a monoamine, as a local regulator in the mammary gland is a chemical signal produced by the mammary epithelium cell. In cows, studies have shown that 5-HT is associated with epithelial cell apoptosis during the degenerative phase of the mammary gland. However, studies in other tissues have shown that 5-HT can effectively promote cell viability. Whether 5-HT could have an effect on mammary cell viability in dairy cows is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) effect of 5-HT on the viability of bovine mammary epithelial cells and its related signaling pathways, (2) interaction between prolactin (PRL) and 5-HT on the cell viability. The bovine mammary alveolar cell-T (MAC-T) were cultured with different concentrations of 5-HT for 12, 24, 48 or 72 hours, and then were assayed using cell counting kit-8, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunobloting. The results suggested that 20 μM 5-HT treatment for 12 or 24 h promote cell viability, which was mainly induced by the activation of 5-HT receptor (5-HTR) 1B and 4, because the increase caused by 5-HT vanished when 5-HTR 1B and 4 was blocked by SB224289 and SB204070. And protein expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF2), janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) were decreased after blocking 5-HT 1B and 4 receptors. When MAC-T cells were treated with 5-HT and PRL simultaneously for 24 h, both the cell viability and the level of mTOR protein were significantly higher than that cultured with 5-HT or PRL alone. In conclusion, our study suggested that 5-HT promotes the viability of MAC-T cells by 5-HTR 1B and/or 4. Furthermore, there is a reciprocal relationship between PRL and 5-HT.
H4K5 Butyrylation Coexist with Acetylation during Human Spermiogenesis and Are Retained in the Mature Sperm Chromatin

Male germ cells experience a drastic chromatin remodeling through the nucleo-histone to nucleo-protamine (NH-NP) transition necessary for proper sperm functionality. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of H4 Lys5, such as acetylation (H4K5ac), play a crucial role in epigenetic control of nucleosome disassembly facilitating protamine incorporation into paternal DNA. It has been shown that butyrylation on the same residue (H4K5bu) participates in temporal regulation of NH-NP transition in mice, delaying the bromodomain testis specific protein (BRDT)-dependent nucleosome disassembly and potentially marking retained nucleosomes. However, no information was available so far on this modification in human sperm. Here, we report a dual behavior of H4K5bu and H4K5ac in human normal spermatogenesis, suggesting a specific role of H4K5bu during spermatid elongation, coexisting with H4K5ac although with different starting points. This pattern is stable under different testicular pathologies, suggesting a highly conserved function of these modifications. Despite a drastic decrease of both PTMs in condensed spermatids, they are retained in ejaculated sperm, with 30% of non-colocalizing nucleosome clusters, which could reflect differential paternal genome retention. Whereas no apparent effect of these PTMs was observed associated with sperm quality, their presence in mature sperm could entail a potential role in the zygote.
Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): A Review

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)is one of the most common perinatal pathologies, with a prevalence of 5–20% depending on the population or diagnostic standards. It is diagnosed when glucose intolerance is first detected during pregnancy. In the pathogenesis of GDM, genetic, environmental, and pregnancy-related factors (excessive fat storage and increased adipokine and cytokine secretion) play important roles. A growing amount of scientific data has indicated the role of gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis in the development of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Previous studies have indicated that, in comparison to healthy pregnant women, GDM individuals have a greater abundance of bacteria belonging to the genera Ruminococcus, Eubacterium, and Prevotella and a lower number of bacteria belonging to the genera Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Roseburia, Dialister, and Akkermansia. Recently, many studies have focused on treating GDM with methods targeting GM. Several previous studies have analyzed the effect of probiotics on the course of GDM, but their data are inconclusive. In view of this state, the aim of the study was to collect and comprehensively discuss current knowledge regarding the role of probiotic supplementation in preventing and treating GDM. According to the analyzed data, probiotics have a positive influence on glycemic control and are a promising tool for lowering the frequency of GDM. However, further studies must be conducted to determine the optimal model of probiotic therapy (strain, dose, time of intervention, etc.) in pregnant women with GDM.
Fe–Al–Si-Type Iron Aluminides: On the Strengthening by Refractory Metals Borides

The effect of boron addition into Fe–28Al–5Si–X (X = -, 2Mo, or 2Ti) on the structure and high-temperature yield stress was investigated. Generally, the alloying of binary Fe3Al-type iron aluminides by silicon significantly improves high-temperature mechanical properties by solid-solution strengthening. On the other hand, the workability and ductile properties at room or slightly elevated temperatures get worse with the increasing silicon content. Boron alloying together with titanium or molybdenum alloying is one of the ways to improve the workability of this type of alloy and, at the same time, ensure the formation of a sufficient amount of secondary phase particles required for effective strengthening. In this paper, the influence of 1 at. % of boron on high-temperature yield stress is evaluated in response to structural changes and compared with results obtained previously on the same type of alloy (Fe–28Al–5Si–2X, X= -, Mo, or Ti) but without boron alloying. It can be concluded that the network structure of borides of refractory metals formed due to boron alloying works more effectively for alloy hardening at higher temperatures than a mixture of silicides and carbides present in the boron-free alloy of the same composition.
Existence of a capillary surface with prescribed contact angle in $M\times\R$

We study the prescribed mean curvature equation with a prescribed boundary contact angle condition in $M\times\R$ where $M^n$ is a Riemannian submanifold in $\R^{n+1}$. The main purpose is to establish a priori gradient estimates for solutions, from which the long time existence of the solution are derived.
Fluctuation conductivity and pseudogap in Y1−xPrxBa2Cu3O7−y films

The fluctuation conductivity (FC) and pseudogap (PG) in Y1−xPrxBa2Cu3O7−y with x≈0.1 are investigated. It is shown that the temperature dependence of the FC is the same as in YBa2Cu3O7−y containing defects. At the same time, the temperature dependence of the PG differs from the analogous dependence obtained for YBa2Cu3O7−y films. An increase of the coherence length and decrease of the characteristic temperature T* in Y1−xPrxBa2Cu3O7−y is observed with increasing Pr concentration.
The Relationship Between Bullying Victimization and Cyber Aggression Among College Students: The Mediating Effects of Relative Deprivation and Depression

Introduction Based on the general aggression model, the present study aims to examine the relationship between bullying victimization and cyber aggression as well as the mediating effects of perceived relative deprivation and depression on this relationship. Methods The present study employed a 3-wave longitudinal method featuring 6-month intervals to investigate 795 Chinese college students (476 female; Mage = 19.67). Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the relationships among bullying victimization, perceived relative deprivation, depression and cyber aggression. Results The results suggested that bullying victimization positively and significantly predicts cyber aggression in college students and that both perceived relative deprivation and depression play positive mediating roles in this relationship. Moreover, bullying victimization affects cyber aggression via the chain mediating roles of perceived relative deprivation and depression. Discussion This study offers valuable insight into ways of considering perceived relative deprivation and depression in the context of prevention and intervention strategies to help attenuate cyber aggression among victims of bullying.
A New Method for Measuring Welfare with Income Effects using Cross-Sectional Data

We show how to recover the money-metric utility function, which converts income at one point in time into equivalent income at another point in time, using repeated cross-sectional household data. Our procedure allows unrestricted preferences, but requires that households’ preferences be the same in both the cross-section and the time-series. Our idea is to trace out Hicksian (or compensated) demand curves through time by matching households on the same indi ﬀ erence curve at di ﬀ erent points in time. Given Hicksian demand curves, we can construct cost-of-living indices and money-metric utility for every matched income level. We apply our method to household consumption survey data from the United Kingdom from 1974 to 2017. We ﬁnd that the o ﬃ cial annual inﬂation rate understates welfare-relevant inﬂation for the poorest households by around half a percentage point per year and overstates it for the richest households by around a quarter of a percentage point per year.
Steady Long‐Term Slip Rate on the Blue Cut Fault: Implications for Strain Transfer Between the San Andreas Fault and Eastern California Shear Zone

The Eastern Transverse Ranges (ETR) province of California contains a system of E‐W‐trending left‐lateral faults accommodating clockwise block rotation between the San Andreas Fault (SAF) system in the Coachella Valley and the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) in the Mojave Desert. Building upon established geometric relationships, we estimate that this rotation across the ETR may transfer right‐lateral strain from the SAF to the ECSZ at a time‐averaged rate of ∼4.3–7.7 mm/yr. Through geomorphic mapping and the analysis of 38 10Be surface exposure samples, we derive a long‐term slip rate of 1.26 ± 0.50 (2σ) mm/yr over the late Pleistocene, yet analysis of the displacement record indicates a rate decrease ∼71 kya. While a rate change on this fault could have implications for possible plate boundary reorganization in this area, we argue that this slip rate variability more likely reflects routine fluctuation about a steady lifetime slip rate.
Changing contexts: A quasi-experiment examining adolescent delinquency and the transition to high school

In a quasi-experiment, we examine whether changing schools during the transition from 8th to 9th grade influences adolescent delinquency, using a sample of more than 14,000 students in 26 public school districts (PROSPER study). The dataset follows students for eight waves from 6th through 12th grade and facilitates a unique, direct comparison of students who change schools with those who remain in the same school during this period. Results show that students who transition between schools report significantly less delinquency after the shift than those who do not, and that this difference persists through 10th grade. This decline is most pronounced when adolescents from multiple middle schools move to a single high school (i.e., multifeeder transitions). Students who transition between schools have fewer delinquent friends and participate in less unstructured socializing following the change in school environment, which partially mediates their reduced delinquency. Results provide some support for theories of differential association and routine activities. Our findings highlight the role of a crucial, yet understudied, life transition in shaping adolescent delinquency. The results from this quasi-experiment underscore the potential of alterations in social context to significantly dampen juvenile delinquency throughout high school.