Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formative Assessment of Physical Education Teachers and Self-Concept Level of Primary School Children

This study aimed to analyse the relationship between the formative assessment (FA) of Physical Education teachers and the level of self-concept of primary school students. In this descriptive cross-sectional study of 122 schoolchildren, self-concept was assessed using the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale and the teacher's formative assessment practices through the teacher performance questionnaire associated with formative assessment practices whose scores were validated. The analysis of bivariate correlations showed that higher values in proactive FA correlated with lower values in physical self-concept and higher values in behavioural, intellectual, and social self-concept (p < .05, for all) and interactive FA with higher values in social self-concept (p < .05). The simple analysis of variance detected statistically significant differences in proactive and interactive FA (p < .05, for all) in favour of those who had a higher level of self-concept. In turn, the linear regression test indicated that higher values in retroactive FA are associated with higher values in social self-concept (p < .039) and, that higher values in proactive FA are associated with lower values in physical self-concept (p < .023). It can be concluded that the FA of the Physical Education teacher can be a differentiating element in the development of self-concept.
Numerical investigation on conjugate cooling heat transfer to supercritical CO2 in vertical double-pipe heat exchangers

ABSTRACT Conjugate cooling heat transfer to supercritical CO2 in a vertical double-pipe heat exchanger was numerically investigated in the present study. With the aim to better understand the conjugate cooling mechanism of supercritical fluid, detailed information on heat transfer behavior is provided. The results demonstrate that the numerical results predicted by the Abe, Kondoh, and Nagano (AKN) model show the best agreement with the experimental data. After validation, the influences of cooling water Re and temperature at the shell side, supercritical fluid Re at the tube side, flow direction, and pipe diameter on conjugate cooling heat transfer were investigated based on velocity fields. We conclude that cool water Re and temperature at the shell side have a significant effect on the cooling phenomenon at the tube side. Reduction in heat transfer could be avoided by either an increase in ReCO2 or a decrease in di. In addition, variations in density and cp are the most significant factors to determine the occurrence of abnormal heat transfer phenomena. In comparison with the heating process of supercritical CO2, the sharply increased viscosity noted would hinder the distortion of the flow field to ameliorate heat transfer deterioration during the cooling process.
Effects of Carbon Fiber Hybridization on Mechanical, Structural, and Thermal Properties of Cordia dichotoma fiber-reinforced epoxy composite

ABSTRACT In this study, an attempt is made to check whether a hybrid composite made up of both synthetic and natural fibers (Carbon and Cordia Dichotoma respectively) can be made bio-degradable, at least to some extent, without much compromising on the mechanical properties. Hybrid composites were prepared by reinforcing alkali treated Cordia dichotoma and carbon fibers into epoxy resin using hand lay-up method. By varying the number of layers of fibers in the composite specimen and fixing 20% fiber weight for all composites, nine distinct combinations of specimens were prepared. The maximum tensile strength of 386.68 MPa, flexural strength of 647.08 MPa, and impact energy of 4.82 J were obtained for composites produced with pure carbon fiber, whereas hybrid composite exhibit tensile strength of 367.76 MPa, flexural strength of 646.41MPa and impact energy of 4.74 J. The interfacial bonding between the fibers and matrix of tested specimens was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), as well as the arrangement of fibers within the matrix for the manufactured composite. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to investigate thermal stability, and it was found that it was thermally stable up to 415°C. 9. Crystallinity value increases from 20% carbon fiber to 20% alkali fiber.
Effect of an impurity on 3-electron quantum dots in magnetic fields

The ground-state property of a 2-dimensional 3-electron quantum dot (QD) subjected to an external magnetic field B and affected by an impurity is studied. The impurity is located at the z-axis by a distance d from the plane of the dot. The evolution of the angular momentum L0 and the spin S0 of the ground state in accordance with B and d has been calculated, and the results are summarized and plotted in a (L0, S0) diagram. The spatial distribution of the electrons (the size and the geometric features) and the optical absorption have also been investigated. The (L0, S0) diagram indicates that L0 and S0 may jump when d and/or B vary. It was found that, due to the constraints arising from symmetry, each symmetric geometry is accessible only to a specific group of states having specific L0 and S0.
Quelques remarques sur une Construction de Schensted.

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The Use of Steel Slags in Asphalt Pavements: A State-of-the-Art Review

Steel slag is a by-product obtained through the separation of molten steel from impurities in steel-making furnaces. It can be produced by different types of furnaces (blast, basic oxygen, electric arc, ladle furnaces). The reuse of metallurgical slags in road pavements can pursue aims of recycling and environmental sustainability. Based on the extensive literature, the paper presents a state-of-the-art review concerning the use of slags in asphalt pavements, discussing the main controversial literature findings. Slag manufacturing processes, chemical, morphological, and physical characteristics, affect its contribution to the asphalt mixture, when it partially or fully substitutes natural aggregates. Legislative state-of-the-art environmental issues, weathering, and leaching aspects are also discussed. The main mechanical and durability properties of pavements containing different types of slags are analyzed based on laboratory and field studies. Generally, the higher mechanical properties of steel slag suggest that its inclusion in asphalt mixtures can provide high-performance pavement layers (excellent strength and stiffness, superior rutting and fatigue resistance, low moisture susceptibility). However, several research gaps still exist (e.g., mix design and seasoning procedure, bitumen–aggregate affinity, low-temperature behavior, brittleness); they are discussed to direct possible future study efforts to clarify specific technical aspects, such as, for example, the effect of slag morphology and physical properties on the final mix properties and the development of specific mix design guidelines.
“Menstruation is a Fearful Thing”: A Qualitative Exploration of Menstrual Experiences and Sources of Information About Menstruation Among Adolescent Schoolgirls

Background Although menstruation is a biological phenomenon, it is still subjected to secrecy, shame, and negativity. Schoolgirls lack access to appropriate sources of information about menstruation. Little is known about the content of the information provided to schoolgirls concerning menstruation in northern Ethiopia. This study explored schoolgirls’ experiences and the content of information they receive concerning menstrual hygiene management in Tigray. Methods A qualitative design was implemented. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted using the local language among 79 schoolgirls who had experienced menarche. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed, translated, and imported into ATLAS.ti-7.5. 18 computer software for analysis. Data were coded and analyzed using a thematic analysis. Results Five themes have emerged from the analysis: 1) there is an indistinct and haphazard source of menstrual information; 2) menstruation is perceived as “a natural gift”; 3) menstruation is also considered fearful and embarrassing; 4) negative community perceptions of menstruation lead to menstrual restrictions, and 5) lack of privacy for dealing with menstrual issues as well as the scarcity of menstrual hygiene management materials is an on going problem. Schoolgirls have indistinct and haphazard sources of information concerning menstrual hygiene management, obtaining it from teachers, mothers, sisters, and friends, but the information they receive is shrouded in secrecy and often is factually incorrect. Menstruation is commonly linked to notions of sexuality, shame, and the approach of marriageability. Conclusion The information that schoolgirls in rural Tigray receive about menstrual hygiene management is inaccurate, insufficient, and encumbered with social taboos. Thus, schoolgirls do not have an adequate understanding of the physiology of menstruation and do not receive adequate emotional support at menarche, leaving them with feelings of embarrassment and anxiety. There should be efforts to implement programs that change community perceptions about menstruation.
Relationship between technological change, digitization, and students’ attitudes toward distance learning in Lagos Higher Education institutes

The focus of this research is to investigate the relationship between learning flexibility, support services, and students' attitudes toward remote learning programs in Nigeria. A correlational research methodology is used, and 385 individuals drawn from a multi-stage sampling technique form the study's sample. The data collecting tool is a three-section questionnaire devised by the researchers. Experts validated the questionnaire, which was then administered once on a randomly selected sample to assess the internal consistency. The Cronbach Alpha formula produced values of . 74, . 77, and . 78 for the three separate questionnaire constructs. At the . 05 level of significance, two research questions were posed, and two related null hypotheses were investigated. The collected data is analysed using the Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation formulas. The findings show that there is a positive relationship between digital learning flexibility and students' attitudes toward distant learning programs (r =.439, Freq=476, p.05). There is also a favourable link between technology supports and students' attitudes toward distant learning programs (r =.339, Freq=476, p.05). It is thus recommended, among other things, that providers of distance learning programs guarantee high flexibility and quality learner support services to cater to the academic needs of learners with different characteristics, as this would improve students' positive attitudes and increase the enrolment of candidates in distance learning programs.
Breaking Barriers: Unveiling Factors Influencing the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence by Healthcare Providers

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technological system that provides a platform to manage and analyze data by emulating human cognitive functions with greater accuracy, revolutionizing patient care and introducing a paradigm shift to the healthcare industry. The purpose of this study is to identify the underlying factors that affect the adoption of artificial intelligence in healthcare (AIH) by healthcare providers and to understand “What are the factors that influence healthcare providers’ behavioral intentions to adopt AIH in their routine practice? ” An integrated survey was conducted among healthcare providers, including consultants, residents/students, and nurses. The survey included items related to performance expectancy, effort expectancy, initial trust, personal innovativeness, task complexity, and technology characteristics. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. A total of 392 healthcare professionals participated in the survey, with 72.4% being male and 50.7% being 30 years old or younger. The results showed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and initial trust have a positive influence on the behavioral intentions of healthcare providers to use AIH. Personal innovativeness was found to have a positive influence on effort expectancy, while task complexity and technology characteristics have a positive influence on effort expectancy for AIH. The study’s empirically validated model sheds light on healthcare providers’ intention to adopt AIH, while the study’s findings can be used to develop strategies to encourage this adoption. However, further investigation is necessary to understand the individual factors affecting the adoption of AIH by healthcare providers.
Brief Paper - Output tracking control for a class of switched non-linear systems with partial state constraints

In this study, we deal with the output tracking control problem for a class of switched non-linear systems in lower triangular form subject to constraints on the states. To prevent states from transgressing the constraints, we employ a barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), which grows to infinity when its arguments approach domain boundaries. Based on the simultaneous domination assumption, we design a continuous feedback controller for the switched system. Furthermore, we show that asymptotic tracking is achieved without violation of the constraints and all closed-loop signals remain bounded, when a mild requirement on the initial values is imposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed results is demonstrated using two simulation examples.
Awareness and willingness to pay for organic vegetables among farming households in Anambra State, Nigeria

The aim of the study was to analyze awareness and willingness to pay (WTP) for organic vegetables among households in Anambra State, Nigeria. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages, and Contingent Valuation Method. One hundred and forty (140) respondents were utilized for the study but with a valid response rate of 85.7 percent to give one hundred and twenty (120) respondents sampled from the study area using multistage sampling procedure. Data used for the research was obtained with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. The most commonly consumed vegetables were pumpkin (59.17%), garden egg (28.33%), cucumber (8.33%) and amaranth (4.17%). The respondents were aware (95.83%) of the health benefits of organic vegetables and also aware (71.7%) of environmental effects of using inorganic fertilizer for vegetable production. In the WTP for organic vegetables, it was observed that 21.7% of the respondents were not WTP for organic garden egg, while 78.3% of the respondents were WTP a premium for a kg of organic garden egg. About 8.3% of the respondents were not WTP for organic pumpkin while 91.7% of them were WTP a premium for organic pumpkin. The analysis showed that in households WTP for organic garden egg, factors such as age, health, education, and awareness were significant, while WTP an amount was also significantly influenced by the same set of variables. Also, while willingness to pay for organic pumpkin was significantly influenced by health, education and awareness, WTP an amount was significantly influenced by health, education and awareness. There is need for public awareness by the media and organic Non-Government Organizations to create more programmes that will educate consumers on the health and environmental advantages of organic farming and consumption patterns over conventional practices. With this, more consumers will be willing to pay a premium for organic vegetables. Key words: Anambra state, Awareness, Farming, Organic Vegetable, Willingness to pay
Bilateral congenital idiopathic clubfoot treatment with the Ponseti technique in Umuahia: A comparison of individual foot characteristics

Background: Clubfoot is the commonest musculoskeletal congenital deformity affecting the foot. The idiopathic variety is the most common type and worldwide the agreed treatment method is the Ponseti method. In bilateral cases, the feet may have different anthropometric characteristics. These differences were evaluated in this study. Objective: To assess the effect of the differences in the anthropometric parameters of the legs and feet (Calf circumference, foot length, degrees of cavus, adduction and equinus and Pirani score) in a child with bilateral clubfoot on the treatment outcome and recurrence of the deformity. Method: This was a prospective study that analyzed idiopathic bilateral clubfoot patients aged 0-5 years and treated using the Ponseti Technique at Federal Medical Center, Umuahia from October 2019 to September 2020. The Pirani scores, the lengths of the feet, the calf circumferences and degrees of cavus, adduction and equinus were measured at initial presentation, commencement of bracing and 3 months after commencement of treatment. These measurements were then compared. Results: A total of 47 patients participated in the study with a male preponderance. The right calf circumference and length of the right foot were consistently bigger than the left at each measurement; and these differences were statistically significant. The degrees of cavus, adduction and equinus were significantly worse on the right foot at presentation. Thirty-six patients (76.6%) had the same Pirani score on both feet at presentation. The differences in anthropometry parameters did not predict the number of casts needed to correct the deformity, the need for tenotomy nor the recurrence of the deformity. Conclusion: Although there were differences in the lower limb anthropometry of children with bilateral clubfoot, they did not predict deformity correction nor recurrence.
Crystal and magnetic structure of ferromagnetic superconducting RuSr 2 GdCu 2 O 8

The crystal and magnetic structure of a sample of ${\mathrm{RuSr}}_{2}^{160}{\mathrm{GdCu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ which orders magnetically at 133 K and exhibits a superconducting transition at 35 K has been investigated by neutron powder diffraction. ${\mathrm{RuO}}_{6}$ octahedra, which substitute at the chain copper site in a ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$-type structure, are rotated by about 14\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} around the c axis to accommodate physically reasonable Ru-O bond lengths in the plane. This results in a $\sqrt{2}{a}_{p}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\sqrt{2}{a}_{p}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}c$ supercell. The ${\mathrm{RuO}}_{6}$ rotations are partially ordered to form competing domains that differ in the sense of rotation. We speculate that the degree of ordering depends on annealing conditions. Surprisingly, the only structural parameters that respond to the magnetic ordering at 133 K are the Cu-Cu distance, which defines the thickness of the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ double layer, and the buckling angle of the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ planes. Magnetic scattering consistent with the previously proposed ferromagnetic ordering of Ru moments perpendicular to the c axis is not observed. We do not rule out ordering of Ru moments parallel to the c axis or itinerant ferromagnetism.
Critical Issues in Open and Distance Education Research

Despite its mainstreaming into the broader educational ecology, open and distance education (ODE) still leaves much to be desired in terms of both practice and research. Inspired and informed by the author’s 35 years of experience as an ODE practitioner, researcher, reviewer, and editor, this article concentrates on 10 critical issues of ODE research that have long existed but may have a consequential impact on its healthy growth. The issues discussed cover scarcity of longitudinal research, paucity of scaling-up and generalization research, preference for success over failure presented in research, the need for a systems approach, lack of sociocultural sensitivity, technologization of research, scant attention to ODE for the underprivileged and disadvantaged, insufficient research on ODE policy, negligence of historical research, and disinterest in revisiting ODE theories. The causes of these problems are critically interpreted and their possible negative impacts on the field of ODE are explored in a concise manner. The purpose of this article is to encourage further discussion and debate on ODE research to sustain its presence and acceptance as a legitimate mode of education in the wider educational community.
“You Don’t Have to Share Everything, You Know”: College Students’ Decisions to Withhold Information From Parents

American college students (N = 61) participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews focused on identifying topics students avoided discussing with their parents and reasons for avoiding these discussions. Interviews were transcribed and data analyzed using a cross-case, variable-oriented approach. Students discussed avoiding seven topics in conversations with parents. In order of frequency these were: Romantic Relationships and Sex; Physical and Mental Well-Being; School Decisions and Grades; Friends; Parties, Alcohol and Drug Use; Family Matters; and Personal Beliefs and Lifestyle Choices. Reasons for avoiding discussions with parents yielded four distinct parent-student relationship types: Appropriate Boundaries (43%), Guarding Privacy (30%), Protective of Parents (15%), and Disconnected (13%). Avoided topics associated with these relationship types and the ways in which students in these relationship types reflected on avoidance of topics with parents suggested distinct ways in which students negotiated components of autonomy development during the college years.
Does Intra-Uterine Exposure to the Zika Virus Increase Risks of Cognitive Delay at Preschool Ages? Findings from a Zika-Exposed Cohort from Grenada, West Indies

Maternal infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with a distinct pattern of birth defects, known as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). In ZIKV-exposed children without CZS, it is often unclear whether they were protected from in utero infection and neurotropism. Early neurodevelopmental assessment is essential for detecting neurodevelopmental delays (NDDs) and prioritizing at-risk children for early intervention. We compared neurodevelopmental outcomes between ZIKV-exposed and unexposed children at 1, 3 and 4 years to assess exposure-associated NDD risk. A total of 384 mother–child dyads were enrolled during a period of active ZIKV transmission (2016–2017) in Grenada, West Indies. Exposure status was based on laboratory assessment of prenatal and postnatal maternal serum. Neurodevelopment was assessed using the Oxford Neurodevelopment Assessment, the NEPSY® Second Edition and Cardiff Vision Tests, at 12 (n = 66), 36 (n = 58) and 48 (n = 59) months, respectively. There were no differences in NDD rates or vision scores between ZIKV-exposed and unexposed children. Rates of microcephaly at birth (0.88% vs. 0.83%, p = 0.81), and childhood stunting and wasting did not differ between groups. Our results show that Grenadian ZIKV-exposed children, the majority of whom were without microcephaly, had similar neurodevelopmental outcomes to unexposed controls up to at least an age of 4 years.