Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth performance and lysozyme activity of rainbow trout fingerlings fed with vitamin E and selenium, marjoram (Origanum spp.), and ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) extracts

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E and selenium, marjoram (Origanum spp.), and ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) extracts on growth performance and lysozyme activity of rainbow trout fingerlings. The results of this study showed that adding ajwain (1%) and marjoram (2%) extracts and Vitamin E plus selenium (1%) significantly increased (P < .05) the growth factors compared to the control group in rainbow trout. In addition, the survival rate (SR) was 100% after applying the oxygen shock test on trout fed with 1% and 0.5% ajwain extract and 0.5% vitamin E plus Selenium supplement, which was significantly higher than other groups (P < .05). Another finding showed that 1% vitamin E plus selenium supplement and diets containing ajwain and marjoram at the level of 1% had significantly the highest value compared to other groups (P < .05). The measured total antibodies level showed that the groups 1% vitamin E plus Selenium supplement, 1% marjoram, and 1% and 2% ajwain, respectively, had the highest levels compared to the control group. It was shown in the present study that feeding rainbow trout fingerlings with 1% ajwain and marjoram extracts and vitamin E plus selenium as dietary supplements improved growth factor, lysozyme activity and SR.
White Blood Count Can Be a Practical Guide for the Differential Diagnosis of Breast Abscess and Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis

Introduction and aim Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is an inflammatory disease of the breast and has the same symptoms and radiologic imaging as breast abscess (BA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of inflammatory markers as white blood count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a potentially useful tool for the differential diagnosis of BA and IGM. Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed 31 patients with IGM and 47 patients with BA between January 2013 and April 2020. Age, symptoms, symptomatic breast side, microbiological culture, complete blood count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) values of patients were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to define the optimal cut-off for WBC, CRP, and NLR. Results WBC was significantly higher in the BA group compared to the IGM group (11.45 vs. 9.78; p=0.042), but no difference was found for CRP and NLR between these groups (p=0.146, p=0.081, respectively). In ROC analysis results in BA group, cut-off values, the best sensitivity and specificity for WBC, CRP, and NLR were 8.46 × 103/μL (81%-70%), 1.5 mg/dl (77-76%), and 2.93 (70-82%), respectively. For IGM group, cut-off values, the best sensitivity and specificity for WBC, CRP and NLR were 8.49 × 103/μL (74-70%), 1.5 mg/dl (61-76%) and 2.29 (64-72%), respectively. Conclusion This study showed that CRP and NLR cannot be used as a useful tool for differential diagnosis of IGM; furthermore, WBC is a parameter that can act as a practical guide for the differential diagnosis of BA and IGM.
Nutrient management study in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L) cv. mosambi

Effect of micronutrients on growth, yield and quality parameters of sweet orange was studied at Experimental field of department of Horticulture, Collage of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior (M.P.). Foliar application of 4g CuSO4 (Copper sulfate)+ 2g FeSO4 (Ferrous sulfate), + 2g Borax+ 4g ZnSO4 (Zinc sulfate) + 4g MgSO4 (Magnesium sulphate) + 10g lime per liter water during the mid of March and 1 week of July with 600 N + 500 P+300 K g/tree on sweet orange gave maximum Yield per tree (41.03 kg), Number of fruits/tree (248), Fruit weight (167 g), Fruit length (11.8 cm), Fruit diameter (21.8 cm) and good quality fruits Juice (56.08 %) (Titratable Acidity (0.78%), Ascorbic acid (58.04 mg/100ml) with Total Soluble Solids (11.6 Brix). Therefore, application of this dose of micronutrient combination will improve yield and fruit quality in sweet orange of these micronutrients as a result of which the orchardist will be economically benefited.
OCCURRENCE OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM HUMAN CLINICAL AND WILD BIRDS (PIGEONS, BATS, PARROTS AND DUCKS) SAMPLES FROM EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA

Extended spectrum beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated betalactamases that hydrolyze and confer resistance to the third-generation cephalosporins including ceftazidime and cefotaxime; and organisms producing ESBLs are also resistant to some non-beta lactam antibiotics (e.g. the fluoroquinolones). ESBLs are chiefly produced by bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae (e.g. E. coli and K. pneumoniae) but they are also expressed by non-enteric organisms such as the Pseudomonads. This study evaluated the occurrence of ESBLproducing bacteria from E. coli isolates emanating from human urine and blood samples and bird samples (including pigeons, bats, parrots and docks). All the E. coli isolates were analyzed and confirmed by standard bacteriological methods; and susceptibility studies was carried out by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique according to the CLSI standard. The E. coli isolates showed varying rates of resistance and susceptibility to the test antibiotics including ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, imipenem and meropenem. Only imipenem and meropenem showed inhibitory activity against the test organism. ESBL production was detected phenotypically by the double disk synergy test (DDST) method; and only isolates from urine and blood samples were confirmed to produce ESBLs. Particularly, 8 E. coli isolates out of 45 isolates from urine samples and one E. coli isolate out of 6 isolates
ANALYSIS OF nrLSU GENE TO SUPPORT IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGUS BELONGING TO Cordyceps GENUS AND CLAVICIPITACEAE FAMILY

Nucleotide sequences of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit (nrLSU) have been used in fungal systematics for a long time. nrLSU was also used in Cordyceps and related genera within the Clavicipitaceae family. A previously identified sample by morphology and ITS was used in this research to analyze the ability of nrLSU to support the identification of entomopathogenic fungi. Our results show that we successfully amplified nrLSU gene using the primer pair LR0R and LR5. The PCR product on agarose gel showed a clear band at 950 bp. Sequencing method was then adopted and proofread before molecular phylogenetic analysis was applied with reference sequences obtained from the publication of Sung et al. Once again, this analysis confirms the DL0004 specimen as Cordyceps neovolkiana.
Relació entre la malaltia pneumocòccica invasiva i el dèficit genètic de MBL (mannose-binding lectin)

Susceptibility to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) correlates with age, younger children being the group with the highest burden of disease. The relevance of the innate immune response and particularly the role of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in combating IPD is not well known. This is a 2-year prospective study (February 2011 to March 2013) including patients with IPD who attended two hospitals from Catalonia, Spain. Variables including attack rate of pneumococcal serotype (high or low invasive potential serotypes) and genotypes associated with low serum MBL levels were recorded. One hundred and forty-seven patients were included in the study. One hundred and two (69.4%) patients were children or adolescents <18 years and 45 (30.6%) were adults. Overall, low-MBL genotypes (O/O; XA/O) were detected in 23 (15.6%) patients. Children <2 years showed a higher frequency of low-MBL genotypes compared with other patients (31.0% vs. 11.9%; p = 0.031). Further sub-analysis revealed a higher proportion of low-MBL genotypes in children <2 years with IPD caused by opportunistic or lowattack-rate serotypes when compared with older patients (46.2% vs. 13.2%; p = 0.02). However, no statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed when including patients infected with invasive or high-attack-rate serotypes (18.8% vs. 10.0%; p = 0.59). Our data suggest that young children with a genetically determined low-MBL production are at a higher risk of developing IPD, particularly that caused by opportunistic or low-attack-rate pneumococcal serotypes.
Improvement of Embryogenic Calli Induction and Somatic Embryo Conversion of Robusta Coffee Clone BP 308

Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) is a cross-pollinated plant, therefore vegetative propagation is necessary to ensure identical traits with parents, such as tissue culture techniques through somatic embryo. The study aimed to find the effect of plant growth regulator 2.4-D and thidiazuron in inducing embryogenic callus, by adding incision area on leaf explant, and to evaluate addition of GA 3 in increasing somatic embryo conversion. The study was conducted from December 2014 to June 2016 in the Tissue Culture Laboratory, IAARD, Bogor. The research consisted of 2 stages. Stage 1 used a complete randomized design of 2 factors; the first factor was a combination of plant growth regulator 2.4-D (1.0 and 2.0 mg/l) and thidiazuron (1.0; 3.0; and 5.0 mg/l), the second factor was leaf incision (slashed and unslashed). Stage 2 used a complete randomized design, with GA 3 treatment at different concentrations (0.0; 0.5; and 1.0 mg/l). Observed variables were percentage of callus formation, fresh weight of callus, number of torpedoes, number of somatic embryos at cotyledon stage, and number of germinated embryo. The results showed growth regulatory treatments influenced the percentage of embryogenic callus formation and fresh weight of callus. Extra incision on leaf showed no effect in embryogenic callus induction. Embryogenic callus inducted using 2.4-D 1.0 mg/l + thidiazuron 5.0 mg/l medium which then regenerated in ½ MS medium added with kinetin 2 mg/l exhibited the highest number of germination. Adding GA 3 1.0 mg/l in regeneration medium is recommended to increase somatic embryos of Robusta coffee BP 308 clone.
What influences the composition of fungi in wheat grains

Wheat grains are inhabited by different fungi, including plant pathogens and fungi – mycotoxin producers. The composition of seed mycobiota can be influenced by different factors, including agronomic practices, but the results are still contradictory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mycobiota of wheat grains depending on agroecological conditions. Wheat grains were obtained from a two-factorial field trial: A – tillage system (A1 – ploughing at a depth of 22–24 cm; A2 – harrowing at a depth of up to 10 cm); B – crop rotation (B1 – continuous wheat; B2 – oilseed rape and wheat; B3 – crop rotation). The mycobiota of grain were determined by mycological and molecular methods. The most abundant and widespread of the mycobiota were Pyrenophora tritici-repentis , Alternaria spp. , Arthrinium spp. , and Fusarium avenaceum . Higher amounts of precipitation increased the infection of grains with Fusarium fungi. Seven species of Fusarium were identified in the grain samples: F. avenaceum , F. poae , F. graminearum , F. culmorum , F. acuminatum , F. sporotrichioides , and F. tricinctum . The soil tillage method and crop rotation did not influence the total incidence of Fusarium spp. , but the abundance of a particular species differed depending on agronomic practice. The research suggests that continuous wheat sowing under conditions of reduced soil tillage can increase the level of risk of grain infection with F. graminearum and, consequently, the accumulation of mycotoxins.
Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs

Sheriff O, Alemayehu K. 2017. Review: Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs. Asian J Agric 1: 46-51. Microsatellites have been widely accepted and employed as useful molecular markers for measuring genetic diversity and divergence within and among populations. The various parameters developed so far to measure genetic diversity within and among populations are observed and expected heterozygosities (Ho and He), the mean number of alleles per locus (MNA),polymorphic information content (PIC), genetic distance and phylogenetic or tree building approach.The objective of thisreview was therefore to quantifythe genetic diversity studies of domestic sheep populations using microsatellite markersand their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs. From the review, it is possible to see that there was high within population genetic variations in all the studied sheep populations, poor level of population differentiations and high levels of inbreeding. On the other hand, low estimates of hetrozygosities and mean number of alleles and employing only few and weak markers were observed in some of the studies. The gaps observed in the previous genetic diversity studies of the sheep populations may demand further works to reveal more information on the population structures andto start appropriate and sustainable breeding programs. united nations, F IS : Level of inbreeding, F ST: Genetic differentiation between subpopulations, He: Expected hetrozygosity, Ho: Observed hetrozygosity, HWE: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, MNA: Mean number of alleles per locus, PIC: Polymorphic information content
Drug Delivery of Oligonucleotides at the Blood-Brain Barrier: a Therapeutic Strategy for Inflammatory Diseases of the Central Nervous System

s and Posters Osburg B. , Bickel U. Characterization of an Anti-Transferrin Receptor Monoclonal Antibody Streptavidin Conjugate for Drug Delivery to Brain in Mice, AAPS Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, Oct.-Nov. 2000 Bickel U. , Osburg B. A Vector for Brain Drug Delivery in Mouse Models Cerebral Vascular Biology IVth International Conference, Cambridge, UK. April 1-5th 2001 Bickel U. , Osburg B. Differential expression of IκBα and IκBβ transcripts in a mouse brain-derived endothelial cell line 32th Annual Neuroscience Meeting, Orlando, Florida, USA, November 2-7th, 2002
No need for stepping stones: Direct, joint dispersal of the lichen‐forming fungus Mastodia tessellata (Ascomycota) and its photobiont explains their bipolar distribution

The hypotheses proposed to explain the high percentage of bipolar lichens in Antarctica have never been explicitly tested. We used the strictly bipolar, coastal lichenized fungus Mastodia tessellata (Verrucariaceae, Ascomycota) and its photobionts (Prasiola, Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) as model species to discern whether this extraordinary disjunction originated from vicariance or long‐distance dispersal.
Flame Weeding at Archaeological Sites of the Mediterranean Region

Archaeological sites of the Mediterranean region are widely colonized by weed species causing various problems both to the monuments and the functionality of the sites. Due to recent regulatory restrictions for herbicide use at archaeological sites, flame weeding was studied as an alternative weed management method. The objective of the study was to test two propane doses (99 kg ha-1 and 129 kg ha-1) applied two, three, or four times at three archaeological sites of Greece (Kolona, Ancient Messene and Early Christian Amfipolis). Percent weed control and weed heights were significantly affected by flaming treatments. Visual evaluation of percent weed control suggested that the propane dose of 129 kg ha-1 applied four times provided excellent weed control (>90%) for over 2 months. Annual broadleaf weeds were controlled better with flaming than grasses and perennial broadleaf species. The high propane dose applied four times reduced average vegetation height to about 10 cm, which was the desirable vegetation height wanted by the managers of the archeological sites suggesting that flame weeding has the potential to be used effectively for weed management in archaeological sites of the Mediterranean region.
Causes and Consequences of Individual Phenotypic Differences in Brachyuran Crabs With A Focus on Behavior

Although castration by rhizocephalans on crab species is well documented, the accompanying effects of infection on behavior and metabolism have remained relatively unstudied. In this investigation, we examined flat back mud crab (Eurypanopeus depressus) physiology and behavior in an attempt to elucidate why infected crabs exhibit a previously documented reduced functional response. Crab respiration and digestion rates were analyzed to determine if infection altered metabolic rate. Laboratory behavioral experiments and a field survey were conducted to determine how infection alters crab feeding behavior and activity levels. Although we found no statistical difference between infected and uninfected crab metabolic or digestive rates, we discovered that, both in the lab and in the field, infected crabs exhibited substantially altered behavior. In the laboratory infected crabs reacted nearly 3 times slower to the presence of prey and spent over 22% more of their time hiding, whereas uninfected crabs were significantly more active. During field sampling, infected crabs were significantly more likely to be found hiding within empty oyster shells while uninfected crabs spent more time in the exposed positions of the habitat. We conclude that rhizocephalans can 1 Belgrad, B.A. and B.D. Griffen. 2015. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 466: 70-75. Reprinted here with permission of publisher.
Stability analysis of seven agronomic traits for soybean [(Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Tokachi nagaha and its derived cultivars using the AMMI model

Abstract The stabilities of seven agronomic traits were analyzed and the general stabilities of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] accessions were evaluated based on the additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) model using the founder parent Tokachi nagaha and 137 of its derived cultivars as materials. The objective was to provide a theoretical basis for effectively using germplasm in soybean breeding and production. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interactions were significantly different for each trait. The first three interaction principal components axes (IPCA) were highly significant, accounting for 61.28–70.00% of the total variation. The stability differed for the different traits. 50 cultivars with high general stabilities were identified. The general stability of Tokachi nagaha was moderate, as the stability coefficients (Di) of its seven traits were relatively high; this must be considered by breeders using this cultivar as a breeding parent. There were significant positive correlations between the phenotypic values and their own Di values for number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and seed weight per plant. This would lead to the expectation that the phenotypic stability would be lower when a cultivar had more branches, pods, seeds, and high per plant yields. Thus, it appears difficult to breed cultivars that simultaneously have high yields and high stability.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Induction of Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Lines by Thymoquinone

Thymoquinone (TQ), a plant-based bioactive constituent derived from the volatile oil of Nigella sativa, has been shown to possess some anti-neoplastic activities. The present study aimed to investigate the mitochondria and apoptosis observed when TQ is applied against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and cholangiocarcinoma (HuCCT1) cells, two of the most common primary tumors of the liver. All cell lines were treated with increasing concentrations of TQ for varying durations. The anti-proliferative effect of TQ was measured using the methoxyphenyl-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and resulted in dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition in both cell lines. Cell cycle, apoptosis, and assessment of mitochondria viability by morphology assessment and evaluation of the mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated. The present study confirms that TQ caused cell cycle arrest at different phases and induced apoptosis in both cell lines. A systematic review of rodent animal models was also carried out. Overall, our data seem to represent the most robust results, suggesting that TQ possesses promising therapeutic potential as an anti-tumor agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma.
Genome‐wide binding analysis of AtGNC and AtCGA1 demonstrates their cross‐regulation and common and specific functions

Abstract GATA transcription factors are involved in multiple processes in plant growth and development. Two GATA factors, NITRATE‐INDUCIBLE,CARBON METABOLISM‐INVOLVED (GNC) and CYTOKININ‐RESPONSIVE GATA FACTOR 1 (CGA1, also named GNL), are important regulators in greening, flowering, senescence, and hormone signaling. However, their direct target genes related to these biological processes are poorly characterized. Here, GNC and CGA1 are shown to be transcription activators and by using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP‐seq), 1475 and 638 genes are identified to be associated with GNC and CGA1 binding, respectively. Enrichment of diverse motifs in the peak binding regions for GNC and CGA1 suggests the possibility that these two transcription factors also interact with other transcription factors and in addition genes coding for DNA‐binding proteins are highly enriched among GNC‐ and CGA1‐associated genes. Despite the fact that these two GATA factors are known to share a large portion of co‐expressed genes, our analysis revealed a low percentage of overlapping binding‐associated genes for these two homologues. This suggests a possible cross‐regulation between these, which is verified using ChIP‐qPCR. The common and specific biological processes regulated by GNC and CGA1 also support this notion. Functional analysis of the binding‐associated genes revealed that those encoding transcription factors, E3 ligase, as well as genes with roles in plant development are highly enriched, indicating that GNC and CGA1 mediate complex genetic networks in regulating different aspects of plant growth and development.
Impact of Stem Cell Genes in Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of global cancer mortality. It has been shown that gastric cancer may originate from adult gastric stem cells and that it contains a subpopulation of cancer cells with stem cell characteristics, which are linked to Helicobacter pylori infection, therapy resistance and metastasis. Thus, the identification of transcription factors and related signal transduction pathways that regulate stem cell maintenance and lineage allocation is attractive from a clinical standpoint in that it may provide targets for novel cell- or drug-based therapies. This chapter summarizes the role of several important stem cell factors in gastric cancer biology.