Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arrays Formation of Zinc Oxide Nano-Objects with Varying Morphology for Sensor Applications

The regularities and features of the formation of arrays of zinc oxide nano-objects with varying morphology are determined by CO2 laser processing with intensification of diffusion processes in the solid state of Cu–Zn metallic materials which are selectively oxidizable. In the process of laser treatment in air using the synergy of heat exposure and vibrations induced by laser with a force fundamental frequency of 100 Hz, the brass surface of samples is oxidized mainly with the generation of ZnO nanowires. The condition for intensification is the local non-stationary deformation caused by sound waves induced by laser. Upon the initiation of the processes of exfoliation of the initially formed layers on the material surface, apart from a disordered structure, a structure was formed in the central region containing two-dimensional objects made of zinc oxide with characteristic thicknesses of 70–100 nm. Such arrays can provide the potential to create a periodic localized electric field applying direct current, this allows the production of electrically switched diffraction gratings with a variable nature of zones. It has been established that during laser pulse-periodic irradiation on brass, the component of the metal alloy, namely, zinc, will oxidize on the surface in the extent that its diffusion to the surface will be ensured. During laser pulse-periodic heating under conditions of the experiment, the diffusion coefficient was 2–3 times higher than from direct heating and exposure to a temperature of 700 °C. The study of the electrical resistance of the created samples by the contact probe method was performed by the four-point probe method. It was determined that the specific electrical resistance at the center of the sample was 30–40% more than at the periphery. To determine the possibility of using the obtained material based on zinc oxide for the creation of sensors, oxygen was adsorbed on the sample in an oxygen–argon mixture, and then the electrical resistance in the central part was measured. It was found that the adsorbed oxygen increases the electrical resistivity of the sample by 70%. The formation of an oxide layer directly from the metal substrate can solve problem of forming an electrical contact between the gas-sensitive oxide layer and this substrate.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CRUDE PROTEIN AND DIETARY ELECTROLYTE BALANCE ON PERFORMANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF BROILER CHICKS

The effect of two levels of crude protein on ideal protein basis (19.00, and 23.00 percent) in starter, and (17.65, and 20.65 percent) in grower period and three levels of electrolyte balance (210, 255, and 300 meq/kg diet) on performance, body composition, and blood serum electrolytes (Na, K, and Cl) were investigated on 1800 male and female broiler chicks. Diets were fed in two phases (0-21, and 22-35 days of age). The effects of diets on body weight gain, feed consumption, gain to feed ratio, mortality, breast meat yield, body composition (dry matter, protein, fat, and ash), tibia ash, litter quality, blood serum electrolyte, and serum PH were measured. The results indicated that with increasing crude protein level body weight gain, feed consumption, and gain to feed ratio in starter, grower, and total period of experiment improved significantly (P<0.05). It also increased breast meat yield (P<0.05). Male broiler had better performance and breast meat yield than female (P<0.05). Increasing dietary electrolyte balance increased weight gain in starter and feed consumption in grower period (P<0.05), but hadn't any significant effects on performance and litter quality in whole period of the experiment. It also decreased serum potassium significantly (P<0.05). There weren't significant difference among treatments for tibia ash percentage.
Breakup Of A Dark Solitary Wave In Multiple Solitons Of Gray Nature In Axially Trapped Bose- Einstein Condensate

Formation of multiple gray solitons by the time evolution of a dark soliton in an axi-symmetrically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate considering the repulsive atom-atom interactions has been studied. By solving the 2D time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation the in-trap column densities of the condensate have been calculated. The results exhibit that over very small time scale (2-3 ms) multiple gray soiltons can be produced by breaking up a black solitary wave. Further increase in positive value of scattering length via magnetic Feshbach resonance decreases the time scale of of obtaining the multiple gray solitons. The properties like repulsion between neighboring gray solitons and change in grayness with axial distance from the center of the trap have been also analyzed.
Run rabbit run: spotted-tailed quoll diet reveals invasive prey is top of the menu

Information about the ecological functional roles of native predators may help inform the conservation of wildlife and pest management. If predators show preferences for certain prey, such as invasive species, this could potentially be used as a conservation tool to help restore degraded (e.g. overgrazed) ecosystems via the reintroduction of native predators and suppression of exotic prey (e.g. introduced herbivores). The diet of spotted-tailed quolls was studied in a fenced reserve in south-eastern Australia where native mammals have been reintroduced, foxes and cats removed, but invasive European rabbits still persist. A total of 80 scats were collected over 12 months and analysis of macroscopic prey remains was conducted to determine diet. Rabbits were by far the most commonly consumed prey species by volume (~76%) and frequency (~60%), followed by brushtail possums (~11% for both volume and frequency), and other small and medium-sized native mammals in much smaller amounts. Quoll scat analysis revealed 10 mammal species in total, eight of which were native. Bird, reptile and invertebrate remains were uncommon in quoll scats. This suggests that spotted-tailed quolls may show a preference for preying on invasive European rabbits in certain contexts, and this could potentially be used as part of quoll reintroductions to aid rabbit population suppression and ecosystem restoration.
KINETIC THEORY BASED APPROACH TO MODELLING OF SEGREGATION IN INTENSE BIMODAL BED LOAD TRANSPORT

Intense bed load grains are transported over an erodible bed through a transport layer. The local concentration of grains varies considerably across the transport layer from zero at the top of the layer to values near the bed concentration at the bottom of the layer. Kinetic theory (KT) offers constitutive relations which relate local granular stresses with local concentration and velocity (gradient) in collision-dominated granular flows. Extended kinetic theory takes care of flows at high concentrations where clustering of grains dominates over binary collisions. The goal of the present work is to test the kinetic theory based approach by Larcher and Jenkins to modelling of a segregation process in intense bimodal bed load at conditions observed in our tiltingflume experiments. For the bimodal flows, we observed a development of a sliding layer of finer grains at the top of the deposit as a result of the segregation process. We show that the development of such a layer is also a result of the kinetic-theory based model simulating segregation of two fractions which differ in grain size.
Sepsis and septic shock - recognize early, act fast, treat right

Sepsis is a medical emergency and therefore requires early identification and immediate management, which is not a matter of hours, but minutes. Since the first definition in 1991, sepsis remains a major challenge for clinicians and scientists. Despite significant advances in technology and therapy, mortality and cost of treatment are unacceptably high. Septic shock is the leading cause of mortality in critically ill patients. Cognitive impairment and functional disability were observed after survivors? long-term follow-up. Since its foundation in 2002, Surviving Sepsis Campaign aims to implement global strategies and to raise awareness of the challenges associated with sepsis. The implementation of guidelines and sepsis care bundles resulted in significant decrease in mortality. Hospital mortality is lower in hospitals with high versus low bundle compliance. Still, epidemiological data for sepsis are missing for low- and middleincome countries.
The Role of Nanoparticle PEGylation in Drug Delivery

Over the past few decades, nanoparticles have been attracting significant attention of researches in chemical, biomedical, pharmaceutical sciences, due to their unique physicochemical properties. This includes ultra small size, large surface area, good biocompatibility and high reactivity. In particular, nanoparticles are promising for pharmaceutical and biomedical fields, as they have been applied as drug carriers and diagnostic tools. However, nanoparticles can be easily detected and cleared out by the mononuclear phagocyte system before delivering the drug to the target site. One of the most widely applied approaches to prolong circulation of nanoparticles is to modify their surfaces with polyethylene glycol (PEG). This paper describes how PEGylation occurs, as well as application of various PEGylated nanoparticles in drug delivery.
Mathematical Thinking On Problem Solving And Self-Regulation Strategies Of Filipino Primary Grade Pupils

This study explored the mathematical thinking on problem solving and self-regulation strategies of Filipino primary grade pupils in a school located in an urban area in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The pupils solved arithmetic story problems in English. Results showed that the pupils were capable of solving story problems written in English and did much better when the problems were translated in Tagalog, their home language. They were able to solve multiplication and division problems prior to receiving formal instructions of these operations. Results also showed that the pupils employed self-regulated solution strategies like writing a number sentence, algorithm in subtraction, estimation, backward counting, trial and error, use of tally marks, making a drawing, skip counting, repeated addition, and invented algorithm. Because they were free to employ solution strategies of their own choice, invented algorithms and creativity came out from their works. The proficiency on the language in which the problem is written plays an important role in pupils’ success in solving story problems in mathematics. The results of the study present relevant implications to problem solving pedagogies and mathematics instruction particularly in the primary level.
RHAZES: Green and Applied Chemistry 2D-QSAR studies of isatin based oxadiazole analogs as potent inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase

The thirty exceptionally potent isatine-based oxadiazole compounds were synthesized and used for the inhibitory potential of thymidine phosphorylase, the determination of the descriptors was determined using marvinsketch, ACD / chemsketch, but the electronic descriptors was determined by Gaussian 09 with B3LYPE base 6-31G (d) and density functional theory (DFT) method to search the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) with the use of several statistical methods, it begins with principal component analysis the PCA to decrease the number of the descriptors, then one uses the multiple linear regression (RLM) and the nonlinear multiple regression (RNLM). Correlation coefficient values are 0.856 and 0.885 respectively obtained by these statistical methods.
L1 phonological effects on L2 (non-)naïve perception: A cross-language investigation of the oral–nasal vowel contrast in Brazilian Portuguese

Feature-based approaches to acquisition principally focus on second language (L2) learners’ ability to perceive non-native consonants when the features required are either contrastively present or entirely absent from the first language (L1) grammar. As features may function contrastively or allophonically in the consonant and/or vowel systems of a language, we expand the scope of this research to address whether features that function contrastively in the L1 vowel system can be recombined to yield new vowels in the L2; whether features that play a contrastive role in the L1 consonant system can be reassigned to build new vowels in the L2; and whether L1 allophonic features can be ‘elevated’ to contrastive status in the L2. We examine perception of the oral–nasal contrast in Brazilian Portuguese listeners from French, English, Caribbean Spanish, and non-Caribbean Spanish backgrounds, languages that differ in the status assigned to [nasal] in their vowel systems. An AXB discrimination task revealed that, although all language groups succeeded in perceiving the non-naïve contrast /e/–/ẽ/ due to their previous exposure to Québec French while living in Montréal, Canada, only French and Caribbean Spanish speakers succeeded in discriminating the naïve contrast /i/–/ĩ/. These findings suggest that feature redeployment at first exposure is only possible if the feature is contrastive in the L1 vowel system (French) or if the feature is allophonic but variably occurs in contrastive contexts in the L1 vowel system (Caribbean Spanish). With more exposure to a non-native contrast, however, feature redeployment from consonant to vowel systems was also supported, as was the possibility that allophonic features may be elevated to contrastive status in the L2.
The Mechanism of Tumor Progression Inhibition by Verapamil-Hydrochloridein the Long-Term Period after Complex Therapy in Patients with Glioblastomas

The paper presents preliminary results of verapamilhydrochloride use in the treatment of glioblastomas after radiation and chemotherapy, including courses of treatment with temozolomide and lomustine. After the end of the courses with lomustine treatment, followed by continuous treatment with verapamil hydrochloride at low concentrations, the result of the patient’s life expectancy for a period of 35 months was presented as a case-report after surgical removal of glioblastoma. Relapse after surgery occurred 29 months later. Patients treated with temozolomide and verapamil-hydrochloride showed a life expectancy result that did not differ from the literature data. It has been hypothesized about the reasons for the increase in life expectancy when using lomustine with verapamil-hydrochloride. The latter at low concentrations does not have a direct cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells, but it helps to inhibit the growth of their recurrence. It was shown that an increase in the degree of malignancy of gliomas coincides with an increase in the manifestations of tumor-associated inflammation, as well as an increase in the number of chromosomal aberrations and aneuploidy in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Studies carried out on blood culture have shown that verapamilhydrochloride helps to stabilize the blood cell genome. After the course of treatment with lomustine, which has a more prolonged cytotoxic effect on blood cells than temozolomide, verapamil manages to stabilize their genome to a greater extent due to an increase in the level of transmembrane potential, which ultimately leads to a decrease in inflammation and prevents the early appearance of glioblastoma relapses.
Generational Differences İn Digital Age A Research On Technology Experiences Of Generations

: Communities reformed after internet-the most important invention of the Digital Age, has taken part in our lives. The communities born in a similar time interval, are affected by similar economic and social formations and behave in a similar manner that constitutes the generations. The digital world has given birth to the concepts of ―digital native‖ and ―digital immigrant‖ among the generations. The last digital natives are the individuals of today's last generation Gen Z and continue to live as technology addicts. In this study, firstly, digital age concept is explained, digital native and digital immigrant concepts are defined and afterwards, generations are classified, intergenerational differences and generation Z are examined. This study focuses on examining the high school students as the last digital natives and their teachers as digital immigrants and their technological experiences as well as technological features. Therefore, a survey; ―Experience with Technology Questionnaire‖ was administered. The participants were a group of 10th grade high school students and their teachers. The survey aims to determine the technology usage features of those two groups.
Updating the Europe–Africa small mammal exchange during the late Messinian

The Messinian salinity crisis (MSC) was an extraordinary geological event that affected the whole Mediterranean region as well as the global marine circulation between 5.97 and c. 5.33 Ma. One of its most direct effects was the emersion of land masses and the subsequent establishment of land bridges that led to common terrestrial faunal exchanges. However, the details of the onset of these exchanges have been a matter of controversy. New findings from southern Iberia of small mammal remains with African similarities have enabled us to review the Messinian faunal exchanges in the Mediterranean region.
Potential of Metal Extractants in Determination of Trace Metals in Water Sample

Simple method for the determination of various metals (Fe, Mn, Cr and Cu) in water samples of selected sites using hydroxamic acid has been reported. These metals are extracted by various solvents in between pH 3-6. The solvent extracts form an intense colored complex in visible range 300-750. This system obeys Beer’s law as reported® Rapid, reliable monitoring and surveillance methods are essential for keeping a close watch on the water quality, human health and environment. Hence, it becomes important to monitor and analyze ground water used for drinking and irrigational purposes.
An Integrated Geologic Map of the Rembrandt Basin, on Mercury, as a Starting Point for Stratigraphic Analysis

Planetary geologic maps are usually carried out following a morpho-stratigraphic approach where morphology is the dominant character guiding the remote sensing image interpretation. On the other hand, on Earth a more comprehensive stratigraphic approach is preferred, using lithology, overlapping relationship, genetic source, and ages as the main discriminants among the different geologic units. In this work we produced two different geologic maps of the Rembrandt basin of Mercury, following the morpho-stratigraphic methods and symbology adopted by many authors while mapping quadrangles on Mercury, and an integrated geo-stratigraphic approach, where geologic units were distinguished also on the basis of their false colors (derived by multispectral image data of the NASA MESSENGER mission), subsurface stratigraphic position (inferred by crater excavation) and model ages. We distinguished two different resurfacing events within the Rembrandt basin, after the impact event, and four other smooth plains units outside the basin itself. This provided the basis to estimate thicknesses, volumes, and ages of the smooth plains inside the basin. Results from thickness estimates obtained using different methodologies confirm the presence of two distinct volcanic events inside the Rembrandt basin, with a total thickness ranging between 1–1.5 km. Furthermore, model ages suggest that the volcanic infilling of the Rembrandt basin is among the ones that extended well into the mid-Calorian period, when Mercury’s effusive volcanism was previously thought to be largely over.
CEO power and bank risk in the UAE

The lessons from the 2008 global financial crisis show that excessive risk taking and governance failures contribute to the failure of several banks. As a result, the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and risk taking has been the subject of many studies. However, extant studies report inconclusive results. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between CEO power and bank risk in the UAE using data over the period of 2015–2018 and a sample of 19 UAE banks. The study uses a Pearson pairwise correlation to analyze the relationship between CEO power and bank risk. In addition, a two-tailed t-test is used to examine the differences between conventional and Islamic banks in terms of CEO power and risk-taking. The results of the study show that CEO power measured using CEO duality and CEO tenure reduces risk. Furthermore, the paper indicates that larger boards and higher CEO ownership tend to increase risk. The study also reports that conventional banks have higher return variability, larger boards and powerful CEOs than Islamic banks. However, Islamic banks tend to have higher non-performing finances than conventional banks. The study provides important insights on the relationship between CEO power and bank risk and concurs with earlier studies. The findings can be of interest to policy makers and can be used as input data for the development of corporate governance mechanisms. Shareholders can also use the survey results as input when appointing a CEO for their banks.
The simpler the better

Ridesharing services have gained global popularity as a convenient, economic, and sustainable transportation mode in recent years. One fundamental challenge in these services is planning the shared-routes (i.e., sequences of origins and destinations) among the passengers for the vehicles, such that the platform's total revenue is maximized. Though many methods can solve this problem, their effectiveness is still far from optimal on either empirical study (e.g., over 31% lower total revenue than our approach) or theoretical study (e.g., arbitrarily bad or impractical theoretical guarantee). In this paper, we study the shared-route planning queries in ridesharing services and focus on designing efficient algorithms with good approximation guarantees. Particularly, our idea is to iteratively search the most profitable route among the unassigned requests for each vehicle, which is simpler than the existing methods. Unexpectedly, we prove this simple method has an approximation ratio of 0.5 to the optimal result. Moreover, we also design an index called additive tree to improve the efficiency and apply randomization to improve the approximation guarantee. Finally, experimental results on two real datasets demonstrate that our additive-tree-based approach outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms by obtaining up to 31.4%--127.4% higher total revenue.