Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depression and alexithymia’s effects on emotional eating in people with type 2 diabetes

Aim: Examining the impact of depression and alexithymia related to emotional eating in people with type 2 diabetes is the goal. Materials and Methods: The study included 180 people with type 2 diabetes be-tween the ages of 18 and 65 who applied to the internal medicine outpatient clinic at Malatya Turgut zal University Training and Research Hospital. The patients were given the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Dutch Eating Behavior Scale (DEBQ), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DAS-21). Results: The study’s participants had an average age of 44.21±11.33 years. The study discovered a significant positive correlation between emotional eating and the challenge of defining stress and emotions (p<0.05). The sub-dimensions of emotional eating of depression, extroverted thinking, female gender, difficulty identifying and differentiating emotions and bodily sensations, and regression analysis were used to explain 18% of the total variance in Type-2 diabetes patients (R 2 =0.18). Conclusion: It has been found that emotional eating in type-2 diabetes patients is influenced by the gender factor, depression, and difficulty identifying and differentiating bodily sensations.
Modeling of the subjective quality of saxophone reeds

The subjective quality of cane reeds used on saxophones or clarinets may be very different from one reed to another even though the reeds have the same shape and strength. The aim of this work is to understand the differences in the subjective quality of reeds and to explain them with objective measurements. A subjective study, involving a panel of 10 musicians, was first conducted on a set of 20 reeds of the same strength. Second, signal recordings during saxophone playing (in vivo measurements) were made of the pressures in the player's mouth, in the mouthpiece and at the bell of the instrument. These measurements enable us to deduce specific parameters, such as the threshold pressure or the spectral centroid of the notes. After an analysis of the subjective and objective data (assessment of the agreement between the assessors and the main consensual differences between the reeds), correlations between the subjective and objective data were performed. To propose a model of the subjective quality, a machine learning approach was proposed using partial least-squares (PLS) regression and PLS discriminant analysis. Results show interesting performance of the model in cross validation and open the potential for an objectification of the perceived quality.
On viscoelastic fiber jet formation by forcespinning at high rotation rate

We consider a nonlinear three-dimensional viscoelastic ﬁber jet that is generated during a forcespinning process. We provide a particular case for such a rotating jet at a high rotation rate. We use a viscoelastic constitutive model for the jet equations and then applying a new slender body approach, we continue with proper scaling and perturbation technique to develop a new model for such a jet system. We ﬁnd that the proﬁles for jet quantities versus arc length are notably diﬀerent from all those in related studies reported before for either high or low rotation rates. In particular, jet radius ﬁrst rapidly decreases as the arc length decreases and then reaches its macro-or nano-scale size not far away from its exit section. The present model can predict a nano-ﬁber jet that is entirely based on proper scaling, perturbation technique and full ﬂuid mechanics laws and equations.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Students’ Perceived Justice, University Support, Professor Support, and Intentions to Drop Out

Postsecondary education significantly contributes to individuals' career opportunities, lifetime earnings, and social mobility;therefore, understanding the factors that contribute to student retention in higher education has positive economic and societal implications. In this study, with the purpose of contributing to student retention with actionable findings, we focus on factors over which universities exercise reasonable control. We collected data from 430 students in the college of business of a southwestern public university in the U.S. before and during the remote instruction period of the COVID-19 pandemic. We exploit the natural experiment created by COVID-19 to examine group differences in the relationships of perceived organizational support, professor support, fairness of treatment, fairness of outcome, and intentions to drop out. After conducting measurement invariance tests, both samples were fitted to a multi-group structural equation model. Our data revealed that in contrast to the before-COVID sample, during COVID-19, students' perceptions of professor support uniquely and strongly influenced their intentions of dropping out of their studies. Our findings have important implications for student retention. © 2023, North American Business Press. All rights reserved.
Antiviral activity of glucosylceramide synthase inhibitors in alphavirus infection of the central nervous system

Abstract Virus-induced CNS diseases impose a considerable human health burden worldwide. For many viral CNS infections, neither antiviral drugs nor vaccines are available. In this study, we examined whether the synthesis of glycosphingolipids, major membrane lipid constituents, could be used to establish an antiviral therapeutic target. We found that neuroinvasive Sindbis virus altered the sphingolipid levels early after infection in vitro and increased the levels of gangliosides GA1 and GM1 in the sera of infected mice. The alteration in the sphingolipid levels appears to play a role in neuroinvasive Sindbis virus replication, as treating infected cells with UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG) inhibitors reduced the replication rate. Moreover, the UGCG inhibitor GZ-161 increased the survival rates of Sindbis-infected mice, most likely by reducing the detrimental immune response activated by sphingolipids in the brains of Sindbis virus-infected mice. These findings suggest a role for glycosphingolipids in the host immune response against neuroinvasive Sindbis virus and suggest that UGCG inhibitors should be further examined as antiviral therapeutics for viral infections of the CNS.
Alfven wave trapping, network microflaring, and heating in solar coronal holes

Fresh evidence that much of the heating in coronal holes is provided by Alfven waves is presented. This evidence comes from examining the reflection of Alfven waves in an isothermal hydrostatic model coronal hole with an open magnetic field. Reflection occurs if the wavelength is as long as the order of the scale height of the Alfven velocity. For Alfven waves with periods of about 5 min, and for realistic density, magnetic field strength, and magnetic field spreading in the model, the waves are reflected back down within the model hole if the coronal temperature is only slightly less than 1.0 x 10 to the 6th K, but are not reflected and escape out the top of the model if the coronal temperature is only slightly greater than 1.0 x 10 to the 6th K. Because the spectrum of Alfven waves in real coronal holes is expected to peak around 5 min and the temperature is observed to be close to 1.0 x 10 to the 6th K, the sensitive temperature dependence of the trapping suggests that the temperature in coronal holes is regulated by heating by the trapped Alfven waves.
Assessing Future Climate Changes in the East Asian Summer and Winter Monsoon Using Regional Spectral Model

This study investigated potential future climate changes over East Asia with a focus on temperature variation and changes in precipitation as well as future changes in the East Asian monsoon system. The current and future climate projection scenarios are downscaled over East Asia using the regional spectral model (RSM). The representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5 scenarios driven by the Hadley Center Global Environmental Model version 2 (HG2) are used to provide large-scale forcing for the RSM downscaling simulations. Simulations were conducted for the current climate from 1980 to 2005 and two types of future climate between 2020 and 2100. Near-future (2025–2050) and far-future (2075–2100) climate simulations are compared with the current (1980–2005) climatology to investigate climatic change over East Asia. The RSM well captures the precipitation and temperature distribution related to the East Asian summer and winter monsoon and mesoscale mountain range with added values, although the wet and cold biases are aggravated in the RSM downscaling. Additionally, short time-scale phenomena such as daily mean temperature and daily precipitation are more accurately reproduced by the RSM than by the HG2. From future climate projection, the increasing temperature trends of each RCP scenario are consistently reproduced in the RSM downscaling; in particular, the result from the RCP 8.5 experiment shows a significantly steeper trend with increasing temperature. Meanwhile, the East Asian monsoon is intensified in the future climate projection by the strengthening North Pacific subtropical high and Okhotsk high in summer and intensified Siberian high in winter. These changes lead to an increase in precipitation for summer and a decrease for winter.
Constructing the ‘us’ and ‘them’ dichotomy through the notion of responsibility: An integrated framework

Based on the methodological approach to responsibility-related discourses in critical discourse studies and the theoretical understanding of the notion of responsibility in international relations and political studies, this paper proposes an integrated theoretical and methodological framework for responsibility-related discourses in the political realm. It evidences the applicability of the proposed framework in discourses of China-US trade conflicts constructed by China’s state-run news media in both traditional and social media platforms in 2019 and 2020. The proposed framework extends the explanatory power of the notion of responsibility in constructing the ‘us’ and ‘them’ dichotomy.
Culture-Related Issues in Teacher Education Programs: The Last Decade in Colombia

This paper showcases a literature review in 13 Colombian refereed journals, covering the last decade, from 2011 to 2021. Data were collected from the virtual platforms where each journal hosts published issues. A thematic analysis was conducted with the sample of papers. The purpose of the review was twofold. On the one hand, it aimed at establishing the main research concerns of Colombian scholars regarding the place of culture in the context of Foreign Language Teacher Education programs. On the other hand, the review aimed at exploring the implications for curriculum design in Colombia that can be drawn from culture-related literature produced by scholars in the last decade. Results suggest that the treatment of culture-related issues in Foreign Language Teacher Education programs has gained currency, although scholarship in the last decade has mainly focused on a diagnostic stage.
Does it pay to say ‘I do’? Marriage bonuses and penalties across the EU

We analyse the different fiscal treatment of married and cohabiting couples across all EU Member States using microsimulation methods. Our article highlights important differences across EU countries’ tax–benefit systems, where seven countries show substantial bonuses for married couples and four exhibit marriage penalties. On a micro level, we find that these marriage bonuses/penalties differ substantially across household types and income. From a policy point of view, our results suggest that the abolishment of marriage-related tax–benefit components in countries with marriage bonuses would leave some households financially worse off but would increase governments revenues that could be spent to targeted support of specific groups. From both an equity and efficiency point of view, this abolishment would be desirable.
Do enterprise education competitions have gendered outcomes amongst STEM early-career researchers?

This article examines whether an enterprise education competition is gendered and so, may have unintended gendered outcomes for male and female Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) early-career researcher participants. Sex-based differences in entrepreneurial intentions (EI) and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) are examined and, drawing on Social Cognitive Career Theory, we explore perceived gender-barriers to entrepreneurship and their influence upon ESE and EI. Employing pre- and post-survey data from 120 STEM early-career researchers participating in the competition, we undertook t-tests, difference-in-differences and hierarchical-regression analyses. We found no significant sex-based differences in EI and ESE. Participation in the competition had a significant impact upon perceived gender-barriers for both sexes; perceptions of stereotype threat and childcare-work conflict barriers were reduced for women post-participation, while their perceived lack of role models increased. Gender-barriers were found to have a significant negative influence on ESE and EI. We contribute to developing intention-based analysis beyond traditional gender-blind measures through incorporating gendered structural barriers which demonstrably influence EI.
Simulations of quench and recovery in CICC conductors

The authors discuss R. Wong's (1989) CICC, a 1-1/2-D code that models thermal conduction through the insulation of an individual conduit. It is noted that, until recently, the calibration of CICC was restricted to measurements of helium expulsion in normal conductor. No actual quenches in ICCS (internally cooled cable-in-conduit superconductor) coils had been simulated. Recently, several experiments on ICCS conductors of different topology have been performed and compared with CICC simulations, with varying success. The authors report on the capability of CICC to predict and analyze ICCS recovery and quench, and on the code's limitations and the need for further improvements. >
The Mixing State of Polar Stratospheric Cloud Particles in “Sandwich Structure” Observed by Lidar 2. Numerical Simulations of the Optical Properties of the Liquid and Solid Particles with External Mixture of STS and NAT Particles

A microphysical box model is used to simulate the optical properties of sandwich structure polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) observed by lidar, and interpreted as an external mixture of liquid and solid particles in the companion paper (part 1). The liquid particles are assumed to consist of a supercooled ternary solution (STS). For the composition of the solid particles, nitric acid tryhidrate (NAT) is employed. The simulations indicate that the observed backscattering coefficients of the liquid and solid particles can be explained by the evolution of an ensemble of externally mixed STS and NAT particles along the air parcels trajectory, if initial mixing ratio of HNO3 in the range 13-16 ppbv is assumed for the lower depolarizing layer of the sandwich structure. In the range 15-19 ppbv for the nondepolarizing layer, and the mixing ratio of H2O is assumed to be 5 ppmv. The total number of NAT particles derived from the simulations agrees with the Optical Particle Counter (OPC) observations for the number of particles larger than 1.8 mm, and is on the order of 10-3-10-4 cm-3 along the cloud’s altitude. The solid particles at the altitude of the upper depolarizing layer could not be explained in terms of NAT particles with the narrow size distributions expected from the simulations, while the liquid particles in that layer are probably background stratospheric sulfuric aerosol.
3D Point Cloud Classification with ACGAN-3D and VACWGAN-GP

: Machine learning and deep learning techniques are widely used to make sense of 3D point cloud data which became ubiquitous and important due to the recent advances in 3D scanning technologies and other sensors. In this work, we propose two networks to predict the class of the input 3D point cloud: 3D Auxiliary Classifier Generative Adversarial Network (ACGAN-3D) and Versatile Auxiliary Conditional Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty (VACWGAN-GP). Unlike other classifiers, we are able to enlarge the limited data set with the data produced by generative models. We consequently aim to increase the success of the model by training it with more data. As suggested by the conventional ACGAN models, in addition to the real dataset, we train the Discriminator with synthetic data generated by the Generator using the class label. By doing so, we ensure that Discriminator can discriminate between the real data and the synthetic data. Thus, as the training evolves, the Generator is trained to produce more realistic synthetic data, which in turn forces Discriminator to classify or discriminate better. Defined originally on 2D images, our ACGAN-3D modifies this conventional ACGAN model in order to classify 3D point clouds by updating the neural network layers. Our second model VACWGAN-GP, on the other hand, demonstrates similar abilities with more stable training by replacing its Discriminator with Critic and by modifying its loss function. In this model, we managed to merge Wasserstein GAN-GP with conditional GAN in order to improve the classifier’s performance. The proposed models ACGAN-3D and VACWGAN-GP were tested extensively on 3D datasets and comparisons with the other state-of-the-art studies have revealed our clear advantages on various aspects. While ACGAN-3D can be preferred with its compact design, our second method VACWGAN-GP stands out for higher performance.
How do brand policy updates turn into transgressions and impact consumers’ continuance intentions?

The concept of the digital economy is being implemented more quickly nowadays. Digital services are one of the pillars of the digital economy. The consumers of those services and their information-sharing intentions play a crucial role since the sustainable consumer information flow fuels big data. From a marketing perspective, as a digital service brand, this study examines the roles of privacy concerns and brand transgression interaction effects on consumers' intentions to continue using instant messaging services. Because realistic privacy risks have been difficult to replicate using experimental techniques, this study focused on one of the most well-known digital service brands' most recent violations of a privacy policy update. Based on survey data from 422 related digital service consumers, the results show that brand transgression severity increases consumers' privacy concerns. Privacy concerns are a significant indirect antecedent to the continuation of digital services. Consumers' trust, belief, and perceived risk mediate the relationship between privacy concerns and information disclosure intention. And in digital services, information disclosure intention is an important factor that affects consumers' intentions to continue using this service.
A new variance estimator for the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio

Many asymptotic formulas for estimating the variance of and confidence intervals for odds ratios in case-control studies are available, but most have limitations. The method suggested by Cornfield (1956, Proceedings of the Third Berkeley Symposium 4, 135-148), for example, is iterative and requires calculation of exact variances if the number of subjects within each stratum is small. This paper presents a new asymptotic, noniterative variance estimate for the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio which, based on a series of Monte Carlo experiments, compares favorably with other noniterative estimates when used for confidence interval estimation.
Hepatoprotective effect of pycnogenol in gentamicin-induced liver injury in rats

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the possible hepatoprotective effect pycnogenol (PYC) in gentamicin (GEN)-induced liver injury in rats. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of four groups of seven rats; control, PYC (20 mg/kg for 8 days), GEN (80 mg/kg for 8 days) and GEN+PYC. At the end of the experiment, liver tissues of all groups were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical (fibrillin-1, caspase-3, and betatrophin antibodies) evaluation. Results: Histopathological analysis revealed that the GEN treated group had liver damage as a result of the GEN administration compared to the control group. Additionally, fibrillin-1, caspase-3, and betatrophin expression all increased in rat liver tissues. However, PYC pretreatment significantly reduced the expression of the aforementioned antibodies and mitigated liver damage. Conclusion: The anti-apoptotic and antioxidant properties of PYC may help to preserve liver histoarchitecture against GEN-induced hepatotoxicity.
Uniform Approximation to Mahler’s Measure in Several Variables

Abstract If $f({{x}_{1}},.,{{x}_{k}})$ is a polynomial with complex coefficients, the Mahler measure of $f$ , $M(f)$ is defined to be the geometric mean of $|f|$ over the $k$ -torus ${{\mathbb{T}}^{k}}$ . We construct a sequence of approximations ${{M}_{n}}\,(f)$ which satisfy $-d{{2}^{-n}}\,\log \,2\,+\,\log \,{{M}_{n}}(f)\,\le \,\log \,M(f)\,\le \,\log \,{{M}_{n}}(f)$ . We use these to prove that $M(f)$ is a continuous function of the coefficients of $f$ for polynomials of fixed total degree $d$ . Since ${{M}_{n}}\,(f)$ can be computed in a finite number of arithmetic operations from the coefficients of $f$ this also demonstrates an effective (but impractical) method for computing $M(f)$ to arbitrary accuracy.
The ordered nature of elliptical galaxies - Implications for their intrinsic angular momenta and shapes

The observations of rotation along the major and minor axes of 38 elliptical galaxies are analyzed to determine their intrinsic structure. Rotation along the minor axis occurs (i) as a result of projection effects in triaxial systems and/or (ii) because of real misalignment of the angular momentum axis from the intrinsic short axis, as is allowed in triaxial systems. The intrinsic angular momentum can point anywhere in the plane containing the short and long axis. The distribution of apparent misalignments is a function only of the triaxiality T of a galaxy and its intrinsic misalignment, and is independent of the flattening of the galaxy in the plane containing the short and long axis.
Assessment of the Understanding of Ergonomics Role in Triggering Musculoskeletal Pain Amongst Dentists of Karachi, Pakistan

Obective: The purpose of the study is to assess the understanding of ergonomics role in triggering musculoskeletal pain amongst dental professionals in Pakistan. Methodology:A cross-sectional survey was carried out in hospitals and private clinics in Karachi. A total of 230 dentists were recruited in the study, 121 were males and 109 were females. Dentists aged between 27 years to 60 years with a clinical experience of minimum 5 years and no hereditary musculoskeletal disorder were included in the study. The questionnaire was divided into three segments recording; practice details, understanding of the work-related MSD and attitude towards WMSD. The collected data were computed and analyzed in SPSS.21. 0. Results:According to the study 169 (73.5%)dentists claimed to have to experienced musculoskeletal disorder pain. Lower back [4.77± 2.31] and neck[4.74± 2.23] followed by shoulder pain[ 4.93± 2.46]were the most common complaints. With respect to pain in different parts, female practitioners consistently reported more pain in every zone compared to males, irrespective of age. However, back pain reported the highest frequency with increasing BMI and decreased with age. Conclusion: The study showed a significant association of musculoskeletal pain with torsion/cervical flexion of the neck, employing for better approach during the procedures; however, with an increase in clinical experience the pain site changed from the lower back to wrist and hand, with respect to gender. Keywords: Dental rofesionals, Ergonomics, Lower back pain, Musculoskeletal pain.