Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aerosol optical properties derived from the DRAGON-NE Asia campaign, and implications for a single-channel algorithm to retrieve aerosol optical depth in spring from Meteorological Imager (MI) on-board the Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite (COMS)

Abstract. An aerosol model optimized for northeast Asia is updated with the inversion data from the Distributed Regional Aerosol Gridded Observation Networks (DRAGON)-northeast (NE) Asia campaign which was conducted during spring from March to May 2012. This updated aerosol model was then applied to a single visible channel algorithm to retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD) from a Meteorological Imager (MI) on-board the geostationary meteorological satellite, Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite (COMS). This model plays an important role in retrieving accurate AOD from a single visible channel measurement. For the single-channel retrieval, sensitivity tests showed that perturbations by 4 % (0.926 ± 0.04) in the assumed single scattering albedo (SSA) can result in the retrieval error in AOD by over 20 %. Since the measured reflectance at the top of the atmosphere depends on both AOD and SSA, the overestimation of assumed SSA in the aerosol model leads to an underestimation of AOD. Based on the AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) inversion data sets obtained over East Asia before 2011, seasonally analyzed aerosol optical properties (AOPs) were categorized by SSAs at 675 nm of 0.92 ± 0.035 for spring (March, April, and May). After the DRAGON-NE Asia campaign in 2012, the SSA during spring showed a slight increase to 0.93 ± 0.035. In terms of the volume size distribution, the mode radius of coarse particles was increased from 2.08 ± 0.40 to 2.14 ± 0.40. While the original aerosol model consists of volume size distribution and refractive indices obtained before 2011, the new model is constructed by using a total data set after the DRAGON-NE Asia campaign. The large volume of data in high spatial resolution from this intensive campaign can be used to improve the representative aerosol model for East Asia. Accordingly, the new AOD data sets retrieved from a single-channel algorithm, which uses a precalculated look-up table (LUT) with the new aerosol model, show an improved correlation with the measured AOD during the DRAGON-NE Asia campaign. The correlation between the new AOD and AERONET value shows a regression slope of 1.00, while the comparison of the original AOD data retrieved using the original aerosol model shows a slope of 1.08. The change of y-offset is not significant, and the correlation coefficients for the comparisons of the original and new AOD are 0.87 and 0.85, respectively. The tendency of the original aerosol model to overestimate the retrieved AOD is significantly improved by using the SSA values in addition to size distribution and refractive index obtained using the new model.
STEEDEITE, NaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2: CHARACTERIZATION, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE DETERMINATION, AND ORIGIN

Steedeite, ideally NaMn 2 Si 3 BO 9 (OH) 2 , is a new mineral discovered in altered sodalite syenite at the Poudrette quarry, La Vallee-du-Richelieu, Monteregie (formerly Rouville County), Quebec, Canada. Crystals of steedeite are colorless to pale pink, and acicular with average dimensions of 0.006 × 0.011 × 0.51 mm. They occur as radiating to loose, randomly oriented groupings within vugs associated with aegirine, nepheline, sodalite, eudialyte-group minerals, analcime, natron, pyrrhotite, catapleiite, and two other unidentified minerals temporarily designated UK78 and UK80. Steedeite is transparent to translucent with a vitreous luster and has a weak pale green to pale yellow fluorescence under medium-wave radiation. No partings or cleavages were observed, although crystals exhibit an uneven fracture. The calculated density is 3.106 g/cm 3 . Steedeite is nonpleochroic, biaxial with n min = 1.636(2) and n max = 1.656(2) and a positive elongation. Chemical analyses (n = 14) from seven crystals gave an average (range, standard deviation) of: Na 2 O 7.51 (6.78–8.32, 0.44), CaO 0.17 (0.08–0.22, 0.03), MnO 31.02 (29.91–32.83, 0.93), FeO 0.86 (0.76–1.01, 0.07), SiO 2 46.34 (40.39–49.29, 2.56), S 0.39 (*b.d.– 2.36, 0.71) (*b.d. = below detection), B 2 O 3 (calc.) 8.73, and H 2 O (calc.) 4.52, total 99.53 wt. %. The empirical formula is: Na 0.97 (Mn 1.75 Fe 0.05 Ca 0.01 ) ∑1.83 (Si 3.07 S 0.02 ) ∑3.09 BO 9 (OH) 2 , or ideally NaMn 2 Si 3 BO 9 (OH) 2 . The presence of both B and OH in steedeite were inferred from the refinement of the crystal structure. The Raman spectrum for steedeite show bands at 3250–3500 cm –1 attributed to O–H stretching, strong sharp bands at 575–750 cm −1 and 825–1075 cm −1 attributed to Si–O bonds and possibly B–O bonding, as well as weak to strong bands at 50–500 cm −1 attributed to Na–O/Mn–O bonds. Steedeite crystallizes in space group P 1 ¯ (#2) with a 6.837(1), b 7.575(2), c 8.841(2) A, α 99.91(3), β 102.19, γ 102.78(3)°, V 424.81 A 3 , and Z = 2. The strongest six lines on the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [ d in A (I) ( hkl )] are: 8.454 (100) (00 1 ¯ ), 7.234 (39) (00 1 ¯ ), 3.331 (83) (1 2 ¯ 1, 0 1 ¯ 2 ¯ , 20 1 ¯ , 1 1 ¯ 2), 3.081 (38) (0 2 ¯ 1 ¯ ), 2.859 (52) (0 1 ¯ 3), and 2.823 (80) (21 1 ¯ ). The crystal structure of steedeite was refined to R = 1.68% and wR 2 = 4.96% for 2409 reflections ( F o > 4σ F o ). It is based on silicate chains with a periodicity of three (i.e., dreier chain) consisting of four-membered borosilicate rings of composition [BSi 3 O 9 (OH) 2 ] 5− . The borosilicate chains are classed as single loop-branched dreier chains that are linked together through shared corners to bands of edge-sharing MnO 5 (OH) octahedra. Steedeite is a chain silicate mineral closely related to the serandite-pectolite series of the pyroxenoid group and is the first mineral found to contain single loop-branched dreier silicate chains.
Possibilities of more perspective development of the hunting destination 'Karađorđevo'

In the territory of Vojvodina, there are numerous hunting grounds that are in the ranks of the most elite hunting grounds in Serbia and the wider region. One of them is the hunting ground "Karađorđevo". The aim of the study was to determine what are the characteristics of the hunting destination and elements of the hunting tourism product that are important to hunting tourist when going on a journey. The goal was to determine how much the hunting tourists are satisfied with their hunting experience in this hunting area. The results showed that the most important was the quality of the hunting organization, and the least significant were additional contents of tourist animation. The natural resources of the area are the elements that hunters were most satisfied with. Respondents are less satisfied with the quality of accommodation and are least satisfied with the complementary tourist offer.
Maltotriose-conjugated Chicken Myofibrillar Proteins Derived from Random-centroid Optimization Exhibit Potent Solubility in Low Ionic Strength Medium

The optimal conditions for the preparation of maltotriose-conjugated chicken myofibrillar proteins (Mfs), exhibiting high solubility in low ionic strength medium, through the Maillard reaction were investigated using random-centroid optimization. Parameters of temperature, relative humidity (RH), reaction time, and maltotriose to chicken Mfs mixing ratio were examined, resulting in 13 vertices. Evaluations were carried out related to each individual vertex, and the optimal preparatory conditions resulting in the highest solubility were determined as follows: temperature of 53 °C, RH of 45 %, reaction time of 38.5 h, and maltotriose to chicken Mfs mixing ratio of 4.24 (w/w), presenting 54.9 ± 1.9 % solubility in low ionic strength medium. Its hydroxyl radical averting capacity showed 8.1 ± 0.4 μmol of gallic acid equivalent per gram of protein. The thermal gel-forming ability of chicken Mfs was retained by the maltotriose-conjugation.
The Integration of Bioanalytical Approaches in the Assessment of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Performances

This study aims to assess the performance of five municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs) from different locations in Morocco using chemical analyses and bioassays. The toxicity assessments were based on the chronic algal growth inhibition using the green microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and acute immobilization using the crustacean Daphnia magna. The physicochemical results show that the effluents were mainly polluted with organic and nitrogenous compounds as indicated by higher values of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), as well as total nitrogen (TN). The promotion of algal growth was detected in all raw samples, except MWWTP2, MWWTP3, and MWWTP4 influents, in which, the half maximal effective concentration after 72 hours (EC50-72 h) were 61.83% v/v, 53.4% v/v and 87.46% v/v, respectively. Meanwhile, all treated effluents stimulate the algal growth, except MWWTP2 effluent (EC50-72 h: 55.1% v/v). Furthermore, the untreated samples display immobilizations towards Daphnia magna. The EC50-48 h values were ranked from 7.30% v/v to 79.76% v/v. However, only two effluents from MWWTP1 and MWWTP2 exhibit acute toxicities (the EC50-48 h were 45.80% v/v and 41% v/v, respectively). The Spearman correlation coefficients indicate strong positive correspondences between EC50-48 h and COD (r = 0.840, p < 0.05), TN (r = 0.731, p < 0.05), total phosphorus (TP) (r = 0.730, p < 0.05), and PO4 (r = 0.792, p < 0.05).
Earning Management, Income Volatility, and Cost of Debt

This study aimed to examine the factors that influence the cost of debt variable. The independent variables in this study were discretionary accrual and income volatility. The sample that the writer used in this study were public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2014-2018. Banking and companies that subject to final tax were excluded, including mining, mining, infrastructure, real estate, and construction companies. The data used were obtained from Bloomberg, Indonesia Capital Market Directory (ICMD), financial statements, and reading sources obtained by experts as a theoretical foundation. The analysis technique used in this study was weighted least square and used Gretl. Based on the tests that have been done in this study, we find that discretionary accruals had no effect on the cost of debt. Suggestions for future creditors in Indonesia should also consider the risk of tax avoidance and earning management as a basis for making decisions when they want to provide loans.
Institutional ownership and firm value: A study on BIST manufacturing index

The aim of this research is to test the relation between institutional ownership and firm value. To accomplish this aim, data from 104 firms listed in the BIST (i.e. Borsa Istanbul) industrial index between 2006 and 2018 have been used. Studies on the structure of ownership have problems with endogeneity. In order to avoid these problems, this study adopted Durbin-Wu-Hausman test with advanced econometric techniques, Ordinary Least Squares (i.e. OLS), and Two-Stage Least Squares (i.e. 2SLS). As a result of the simultaneous equation system improved in this study, a positive relation between institutional ownership as an endogenous variable, and firm value has been located. Besides, it has been found that institutional investors are more interested in the firms that have a higher market performance.
Distributed H∞ Controller Design and Robustness Analysis for Vehicle Platooning Under Random Packet Drop

This paper presents the design of a robust distributed state-feedback controller in the discrete-time domain for homogeneous vehicle platoons with undirected topologies, whose dynamics are subjected to external disturbances and under random single packet drop scenario. A linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach is used for devising the control gains such that a bounded <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm is guaranteed. Furthermore, a lower bound of the robustness measure, denoted as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> gain, is derived analytically for two platoon communication topologies, i.e., the bidirectional predecessor following (BPF) and the bidirectional predecessor leader following (BPLF). It is shown that the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> gain is highly affected by the communication topology and drastically reduces when the information of the leader is sent to all followers. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the ability of the proposed methodology to impose the platoon control objective for the BPF and BPLF topology under random single packet drop.
Realization and Modulation of Fano-Like Lineshape in Fiber Bragg Gratings

Optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) featured with narrowband transmission dips (or reflection peaks) have been maturely employed in technologies of optical communications, lasers and sensors. Here, we report a simple strategy to control the lineshapes of FBG's transmission dip by inserting the FBG in one arm of an all-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The transmission dip could be modulated into an asymmetric Fano-like lineshape or a transmission peak, which is controlled by the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI. It works for the uniform, chirped, and phase-shifted FBG. We experimentally verify it with a uniform FBG, showing freely modulated asymmetric Fano-like lineshape with the optical delay line, strain and temperature. Due to the modulation, the maximal slope rate is 49.1 dB/nm, and the Fano parameter q can be tuned from -∞ to +∞. The tunable lineshapes of the FBGs might open up a new window for the applications of traditional FBGs in lasers, communications and sensors.
Covid-19, Philosophy and the Leap Towards the Posthuman

A discursive canon around transhumanism and posthumanism as beliefs in the efficacy and necessity of technology as the beneficial transformer of human life “for the better” is well-established in the Western philosophical tradition. However, none of the theorists and protagonists of this technological reconfiguration of humanity could ever have predicted that what they envisaged would be propelled into manifestation with as dramatic and phenomenal momentum such as has been ushered in by the mainly technology-driven interventions introduced in various measures globally to curb the SARS-CoV2 virus. The effect of these responses to the pandemic, it is here demonstrated, have set humanity into a technogenesis, a transformative ontological process headed towards a machinistic and de-anthropic life idealised by posthumanists. Apropos, a set of three intertwined tasks are here executed. Firstly, I explicate my foregoing claim, namely, how at the helm of the variety of measures to control Covid-19 is a discernible socio-scientific movement that is directed at inaugurating and regularising a posthumanist consciousness and de-anthropic modes of sociality. Secondly, I venture a critical understanding of “the Covid-19 moment” that exposes the quadripartite alliance of a postmodernist Western philosophy, technoscience, commercial interests, and politics as the systemic drivers of this technocratic philosophical anthropology. Thirdly, or rather concurrently, taking the work of Nick Bostrom as the theoretical heuristic advocating human technological transformation, I normatively alert of the ramifications of this emerging human ontology.
How internal migrants’ socioeconomic status affect their unmet inpatient service need? Evidence from a national study in China

Background: China has experienced the largest migration during the past three decades. Compared with the permanent residents, migrants faced more obstacles in accessing essential health care services. This study aimed to explore the association between socioeconomic status and unmet inpatient service need among internal migrants in China. Methods: The data used in this study were from the 2014 nationally representative cross-sectional sample of internal migrants in China. All respondents were aged 15-59 years who had been living in local residence without the ‘Hukou’ for more than one month, and a total of 7592 migrants with inpatient service need were included in this analysis. Results: The migrants with unmet inpatient service need were 1667(21.96%). We found that internal migrants with higher socioeconomic defined by economic status(OR=1.74, 95 CI% 1.55-1.96) and educational attainment (OR=1.77, 95% CI 1.56-2.00) were more inclined to use inpatient services when needed, while the unemployed internal migrants (OR=0.36, 95% CI 0.32-0.41) were more likely to use inpatient service than the employed migrants. After adjustment for other demographic variables such as gender, age, marital status etc., these figures did not substantially change in model 2, the OR were 1.28(95% CI 1.12-1.46), 1.31(95% CI 1.13-1.52), and 0.59(95% CI 0.51-0.68), respectively. Conclusion: Internal migrants with higher socioeconomic defined by economic status and education attainment were more inclined to use inpatient services when needed, while the unemployed internal migrants were more likely to use inpatient service than the employed. This suggests that future policies should make the reimbursement more pro-poor among migrants and more effective policies targeting the migrants with low educational attainment and employed.
Millimeter-Wave Switchable Quadri-Polarization Array Antenna Based on Folded C-Type SIW

Array antennas with multipolarization function have important research value to improve the stable transmission of communication systems by supporting antenna diversity technology. In this letter, a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) quadri-polarization array antenna based on folded C-type substrate integrated waveguide is proposed. The operating principle is that the proposed differential feeding network can flexibly provide the required amplitude and phase difference, so that four mutually perpendicular single-branch slot array antennas can achieve multiple polarization characteristics. In addition, by removing the metal floor around the array antenna, the distortion of the antenna's main beam is suppressed. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed quadri-polarization array antenna can provide orthogonal dual-linear polarization and dual-circular polarization radiation patterns. At the same time, it has the advantages of low profile and easy integration.
HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection in A Term Pregnancy

The novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the clinical syndrome COVID-19. Data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women is rapidly accumulating and will help improve clinical guidelines for treatment. It is currently unknown if infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) predisposes pregnant women to serious illness from SARS-CoV-2 infection. The greatest risk factors for pre-disposing patients with HIV to de-novo virulent viral infections includes non-adherence to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). We present the clinical course, treatment and outcome of a pregnant patient co-infected with HIV and SARS-CoV-2. We document an uncomplicated, full term delivery and highlight the adherence of cART in favorable outcome of pregnancy with SARS-CoV-2 and HIV co-infection.
Mimicking Physiological Cellular Environment of Protein Using Macromolecular Crowding Approach

The intracellular environment is highly crowded because of the presence of high concentration of biomolecules such as proteins, DNA, RNA, cytoskeleton etc and the concentration of these biomolecules in the cytoplasm is in the range of 80-400 mg ml-1 which accounts for nearly 5-40 % of the total cellular volume. These biomolecules generate a crowded medium having restricted amount of free water. Moreover, the volume occupied by co-solute is unavailable to other molecules, which results in the decrease of available volume to these molecules. Thus, macromolecular crowding can affect any reaction, which depends upon the available volume. The thermodynamic consequences of macromolecular crowding are known as excluded volume effects. Le Chatelier’s principle leads to the conclusion that volume exclusion will always favor the folded state of the protein because this form is more compact and occupies lesser space than the denatured state. The volume exclusion phenomenon increases the entropy, which leads to decrease in the free energy of the system that leads to stabilization. Excluded volume shifts the equilibrium towards the native state because the free energy of the denatured states gets raised in crowded condition. It is also said that there is a direct effect of macromolecular crowding on the unfolded state because it increases the free energy of the denatured state and increases the relative stability of the folded state. Thus, macromolecular crowding forces the denatured state to become more compact. Thus it is expected that the behavior of any protein present in crowded environment is different from its behavior in the dilute solution. Thus, macromolecular crowding has made appreciable impact on protein structure, protein function, protein stability, protein folding, binding of ligand to protein, protein-protein interaction, molten globule formation and protein aggregation. Volume exclusion because of crowding agent increases the stability of protein and higher the volume exclusion greater is the stabilizing effect on protein. On the other hand, chemical interaction between crowder and protein overcomes the excluded volume effect leading to destabilization of the protein. Thus, the effect of crowder depends on the concentration, shape, size and nature of crowding agent employed.
Quantification of Musculoskeletal Discomfort among Automobile Garage Workers: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study in Chetla, Kolkata, West Bengal

Introduction: The automobile industry is a large and growing industry in India and this industry employs many workers as manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and automobile garage workers. Automobile garage workers suffer from many health problems among which Musculoskeletal Discomfort (MSD) is very common. Aim: To find the proportion of MSD among automobile garage workers in Chetla, Kolkata and to describe the factors associated with the musculoskeletal discomfort. Materials and Methods: The study was a work place based, observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted among 101 automobile garage workers at nine automobile garages of Chetla, Kolkata. A pre-designed, pre-tested structured schedule was used to collect data. The outcome variable was MSD and it was assessed using Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ). MSD score was categorised into mild, moderate and severe discomfort. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS Software version 16. Results: Around one-third (30.7%) study participants belonged to the age group 41-50 years with mean (SD) age 43.35 (13.46) years. Knee discomfort was present among 42% study participants while 21% had low back pain according to CMDQ tool. Around three fourth (73.3%) study participants had at least one kind of MSD and around 46.6% had moderate to severe musculoskeletal discomfort. MSD was significantly associated with increasing age and increasing duration of working hours per week in univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Conclusion: The proportion of musculoskeletal discomfort among automobile workers was quite high. Early diagnosis and regular screening of MSD is very much needed to introduce appropriate preventive and treatment measures at appropriate time.