Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Phytochemical and Nutritional Profiles of Ficus capensis and Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaves

This study investigated the phytochemical, proximate, mineral, vitamin contents of Ficus capensis and Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves. Phytochemical and Proximate analysis were done according to the AOAC methods. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine the mineral content while vitamins were determined spectrophotometrically using the standard method of AOAC. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of Flavonoids, alkaloids, Tannin, Saponin, Phytate, Haemaglutinnin, Oxalate, Cardiac glycosides and Phenol in the leaf extract of F. capensis and C. aconitifolius. The proximate composition of the dried leaf of F.capensis was; moisture (11.35± 1.45 %), crude protein (10.85 ± 0.31%), crude fibre (12.38 ± 0.71%), crude fat (3.48±0.01%), ash (6.37 ± 0.30%) and carbohydrate (55.57 ± 3.02%). On the other hand, that of C. aconitifolius was; moisture (11.35 ± 0.30%), crude protein (10.85±0.52%), crude fibre (12.38 ± 0.02%), crude fat (3.48 ± 0.02%) ash (6.37 ± 0.09%) and carbohydrate (55.57 ± 1.08%). Elemental analyses showed that C. aconitifolius had significantly higher (p<0.05) levels of the elements (Cadmium, Arsenic, Fe, Pb, Cu, Na) when compared to F. capensis. The leaf of C. aconitifolius was significantly higher in vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, C, E and K (p<0.05) when compared to that of F. capensis. However, F. capensis leaf had higher vitamins B12 and D contents than C. aconitifolius. This study suggests that these two plants can serve as a good source of nutraceutical.
Academic Researchers' Opinions about Internet Financial Reporting for Research Purposes: The Case of Egypt

: The objective of this research is an attempt to explore the opinions of academic researchers in Egypt regarding the usability and usefulness of Internet Financial Reporting (IFR) as a source of getting information for research purposes. The study employs the survey questionnaire of 200 possible participants of academic researchers in Egypt, 125 received responses were analyzed. The results of the descriptive statistics indicate that there is a strong agreement among the researchers on IFR being accessible, useable and considered an important and useful source of getting information at any time and from anywhere for research purposes. On the other hand, there is a great difference among researchers regarding the level of the overall design of IFR in Egypt as they cannot rely only on IFR as a source of information for research purposes. They also stated that the hard copy reports is still preferable than internet financial report. The results of the factor analysis show that the usability dimension of IFR has three main components; output features, processing features and input features. The most important factor is the output features of IFR information which is a logical result because this is the part that researchers interact most with it and accordingly perceived its value in conduct of the research. Also, the factor analysis has classified usefulness dimension of IFR into two main factors; quality features and service features. The results indicate that the quality factor is most significant and the service features came second. This result is quite logical because perceived quality of IFR information that influences the quality of the research analysis is more important than the service features determining the effectiveness and efficiency of delivering such information.
PROTEOMIC RESPONSE OF HIMALAYAN PSYCHROTROPHIC BACTERIUM PSEUDOMONAS

*Corresponding Author: Shekhar Chandra Bisht, Department of Biotechnology, H.N. B Garhwal University, Srinagar -246174, Uttarakhand, India. 3888 PROTEOMIC RESPONSE OF HIMALAYAN PSYCHROTROPHIC BACTERIUM PSEUDOMONAS LURIDA NPRP15 Shekhar C Bisht, Pankaj K Mishra and Gopal K Joshi Department of Biotechnology, H.N. B Garhwal University, Srinagar -246174, Uttarakhand, India Microbiology Lab, Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, (ICAR), Almora-263601, Uttarakhand, India
Evaluation of the Effect of Essential Oils on Microbial Biofilm on Denture Base Surface

Today’s world is increasingly seeking ways to replace the synthetic drugs with the therapeutic power of natural products to decrease the percentage of many side effect which results from conventional treatment. Aims of the study: To investigate the antimicrobial action of essential oils against grown microorganisms on the surface of acrylic resin denture base materials. Materials and methods: Four types of natural oils (Radish, Blackseed, Linseed, and Harmal) were used to investigate their antimicrobial effects against the biofilm formation of three types of bacteria and one fungus on the surface of denture base material. The total numbers of specimens were thirty, prepared from heat cured acrylic resin denture base materials, specimens were of (10mm×10mm×2mm). The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance (one way ANOVA) at P ≤ 0.05 or 0.01 and T test for independent samples. Results: All the concentrations of radish oil and blackseed oil showed a significant effect on bacteria. In addition to its effect on bacteria only radish oil showed significant effect against candida albicans. Linseed oil was the less effective than other types of essential oils used in this study especially against Streptococcus pyogenesa. Conclusion: All the tested natural oils showed antibacterial effect. While only radish oil showed significant effect against candida albicans.
Comparative immunological studies between tissue culture and egg adapted duck plague vaccines

This study was designed to compare the immune antibody levels either with tissue culture adapted vaccine or egg adapted one response of duck vaccinated against duck plague (DP) used in duck farms in Egypt. Five day old two hundred and ten ducklings were divided into equal seven groups. Groups (1 & 2) were vaccinated with two commercial imported egg adapted (DP) living vaccine; groups (3 & 4) with two commercial locally prepared egg adapted one. While ducks in group (5) vaccinated with commercial imported tissue culture adapted (DP) living vaccine. Groups (6&7) not receive vaccine and served as (+ ve & – ve) control respectively. Blood samples collected weekly post vaccination for monitoring antibody levels by using three serological tests (SNT; PHA and AGPT) and every two weeks duckling in groups (1-6) were individually challenged with 10 EID 50/dose DP virulent strains. The protection evaluated for ten days post each inoculation. The results of this study showed that under experimental condition the commercial egg adapted vaccine either locally prepared or imported one gave higher protective antibodies lasting for long time than tissue culture (DP) vaccine and can be used for controlling duck plague problems in Egypt. [Hayam Farouk; Nermeen Mahmoud and Susan, S. El-Mahdy. Comparative immunological studies between tissue culture and egg adapted duck plague vaccines. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):15-38]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub. net/report. 4
EFFECTS OF INTRATHECAL MIDAZOLAM IN SPINAL

Background: Increasing the duration of action and maximizing postoperative analgesia has always been a domain of interest in spinal blocks. Many adjuvants have been tried along with local anaesthetic agent to achieve the same. The following study was conducted to compare sensory and motor characteristics with 2mg midazolam in subarachnoid block. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and analgesic effect of the mixture of 2 mg midazolam and 15 mg (3 ml) hyperbaric bupivacaine as compared to bupivacaine alone in patients undergoing infra-umbilical surgery under spinal block. Material and Methods: In this observational prospective case control study 100 patients (ASA class I and II), aged 18 to 55 years, undergoing elective infra -umbilical surgeries under spinal block were randomly divided into Group Ipatients were administered 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine (3 ml) + 0.9% Normal saline (0.4 ml) intrathecally and Group 2patients were administered 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine (3 ml) + 2mg preservative free Midazolam (0.4 ml) intrathecally. The onset and duration of sensory and motor block, hemodynamic variables, and side effects during the surgery and recovery were compared among the groups. Results: 2mg of preservative free midazolam used as an adjuvant to bupivacaine intrathecally reduces onset time of sensory and motor blockade, also time taken to reach T-10. It also increases time taken for two segmental recession and mean duration of analgesia . Conclusion: It can be inferred that Inj. Midazolam 2 mg in combination with Inj. bupivacaine 0.5% hyperbaric can be safely administered intrathecally for better postoperative analgesia.
Grandmultiparity as a Risk factor in Antenatal and Obstetric Outcome in Mosul

The objective of this study was to assess grandmutipara as a risk factor in antenatal and obstetric outcome in Mosul. The study was conducted on 28328 pregnant women attended Al-Khansa teaching hospital for the period 1/9/2017 to 30/8/2018. Grandmutipara represented 23%. The preexisting medical conditions in Grandmutipara were hypertension (16.9%), anemia (4%), diabetes (0.9%), APH (2.1%), PPH (5.6%). Thyroid diseases (1.2), UTI (2.3) and vaginal infections (2%). The obstetric outcomes showed high percentages of CS (23.4%), premature labor (22%) and abortion (5.7%). Congenital anomalies represented (0.35), PMR (0.37), ectopic gestation (0.78%), placenta accrete (1.3%), H. mole (0.3%) and finally low fetal body weight.
The Influence of the Big Five Personality and Motivation on Academic Achievement among University Students in Ghana

The study investigates the association among students’ personality characteristics, motivation and academic achievement by selecting a total of 273 students from the University of Ghana, Legon. The cross-sectional survey design was adopted for this study and standardized instruments which measure personality characteristics, intrinsic and extrinsic motivations were administered to the students. The respondents also reported their current Cumulative Grade-Point Averages (CGPA) as a measure of their academic achievement. Data were analyzed with the use of standard multiple regression and Pearson correlation. Results show that, among the personality characteristics, conscientiousness is the only factor that significantly predicts students’ academic achievement. Further analysis did not show any significant relationship between extrinsic motivation and academic achievement as well as intrinsic motivation and academic achievement. It is concluded that culture Original Research Article Nyarko et al.; BJESBS, 13(2): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BJESBS. 19618 2 could be exerting a strong influence on personality characteristics and motivation and therefore, the associations should be interpreted within the cultural milieu of Ghana.
Endothelin-1 in Periodontal Diseases: A Mini-Review

Endothlin-1 (ET-1) is a 21 amino acid peptide and is a potent vasoconstrictor produced by endothelial cells. It plays a role in the development of diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Reports have suggested the identification of ET-1 in chronic periodontitis and gingival overgrowth. Thus, there is a need to appraise the role of ET-1 in periodontal disease. Further research is needed to confirm its use as a biomarker and to incorporate endothelin-antagonists in periodontal therapy.
IN VITRO STUDY: INDUCED RESISTANCE OF CASSAVA (MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ.) PLANTLET AGAINST FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM BASED ON ANALYSIS OF PHENOL CONTENT

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) is a tropical and subtropical annual shrub from the Euphorbiaceae tribe. Tuber is widely known as a staple food-producing carbohydrates and leaves as a vegetable. Indonesia is the second largest country producing Cassava after Nigeria with an average of five years' total supply of 9.67 million tons or 10.61% of the total supply of world cassava. Central Cassava land in Indonesia is controlled by Lampung Province with cassava production in Lampung Province reaching 8.33 million tons in 2013. This situation makes Lampung a supplier of one-third of the national Cassava production from national production of 23.92 million tons. However, there are still many production constraints in Cassava cultivation, including Fusarium wilt. This disease is caused by the Fusarium oxysporum fungus, which until now still cannot be treated effectively. The use of Cassava cultivars that are resistant to fusarium wilt with high yields is expected to be an important disease control alternative. This study aims to determine and determine the specific expression character of Fo-resistant Cassava plantlets, which are phenol content. The Cassava Planlet has been initiated and selected in vitro in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with the addition of fusaric acid (FA) at a concentration of 0 ppm (control), 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 80 ppm. The purpose of this study was to determine the phenol content after being induced by fusaric acid and inoculated by Fusarium oxysporum. The results showed that in vitro, the concentration range of fusaric acid tolerant for selection of Cassava plantlets with optimum growth was between 20 ppm 80 ppm; the higher the concentration of FA, the higher the phenol content of the Cassava plantlets.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERIOCIN (MRSACIN) AND ITS THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS COMPARED WITH VANCOMYCIN IN EXPERIMENTAL SKIN INFECTION IN MICE

This study aimed to determine the optimum condition of MRSAcin production from Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and compared its therapeutic effects with vancomycin on experimental MRSA skin infection. Bacterial samples from hospital contaminated burned skin were obtained for identification of MRSA. A total of 40 bacterial samples (out of 100) were diagnosed to be Staphylococcus aureus, only 33 of them were MRSA. The optimum conditions for MRSAcin production include pH 6, temperature 37°C for 48 hr and inoculums size 6×10 cell/ml, while the best stability condition was pH 5-7 and the resistant temperature 50-75 °C for 10-30 minute. In vivo study showed that MRSA contaminated wound revealed severe inflammation, necrosis, edema and hemorrhage, the lesion extended to the subcutaneous tissue. Treating the infected skin with MRSAcin lead to localization of the lesion to incision site with complete epithelial regeneration and proliferation of connective tissue, while vancomycin treated group showed severe necrosis, marked inflammatory reaction, and the lesion extended to the S/C tissue. In conclusion local treatment of skin wound infected with MRSA using a crude MRSAcin lead to localization of the lesion and enhanced the healing process compared with vancomycin, which showed less therapeutic effect.
Vocal Fold Nodules and Psychopathology in Children

Objective: To examine the association between vocal fold nodules and DSM-IV defined psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety disorders, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and mental disorders, in children referred to Audiology Department of İstanbul University. Methods: Experiment group consists of 24 children (22 males and 2 females) aged from 5 to 12 years referred to audiology center in İstanbul University due to dysphonia. The control group was also composed of 24 children (22 Males and 2 females) randomly selected from a primary school class, age and sex matched to experiment group. The inclusion criteria of these children were the same as for children in experiment group without any report of dysphonia or vocal fold nodules. All children underwent perceptual evaluation of their voice, followed by an acoustic analysis. The subjects from both group were evaluated using K-SADS-PL-T for psychopathology and using Wisc-R for mental development status. The results of experiment group compared to control group. Results: The children with vocal fold nodules showed mostly anxiety disorders (mainly specific phobia) 62,5% (15/24), ADHD 50% (12/24) and elimination disorders (mainly enuresis) 16,6% (3/24). Conclusions: Vocal fold nodules are the most common laryngeal pathology observed in primary schools. In our study we aimed to find out the psychopathologies of children with voice disorders especially with vocal fold nodules. Children with ADHD were perceived to have significantly more hoarseness, breathiness, and straining in their voice. Children with ADHD may abuse their voice and as a result we have a high percentage vocal fold nodules. Also the children suffering from anxiety disorders may abuse their voice by means of crying, shouting and temper tantrums. As a result we can conclude that early detection of vocal disorders and the underlying psychopathology is very important in therapy planning and the prevention of recurrence of vocal fold nodules in children.
Drug Invention Today

The oral drug delivery has been known for decades as the most widely utilized route of administration among all the routes that have been explored for the systemic delivery of drugs via various pharmaceutical products of different dosage forms. The reasons that the oral route achieved such popularity may be in part attributed to its ease of administration as well as the traditional belief that by oral administration the drug is as well absorbed as the foodstuffs that are ingested daily. Pharmaceutical products designed for oral delivery and currently available on the prescription and over-the counter markets are mostly the immediate-release type, which are designed for immediate release of drug for rapid absorption. These fast-dissolving tablets ensure complete solubilization of tablet through surface erosion, resulting in elimination of lag time for disintegration thereby offering faster absorption and rapid onset of action.
Students’ Personality Traits and Performance Correlates of High Grades in Senior School Certificate English in Kwara State, Nigeria

This paper is a report on a study which examined students’ personality traits and performance correlates of high grades in senior school certificate English. This is an attempt to correlate students’ personality traits, performance in other subjects and high grades in SSCE with particular reference to motivation, attitude, aptitude and extroversion levels. Students’ personality attribute questionnaire (SPAQ) was designed by the researcher to enable him assess respondents’ views on personality traits. A purposive sample of 346 students with high grades in English was drawn from the target population of 1,800 students from the three Senatorial Districts of Kwara State. The major findings include (a) students’ personality traits in relation to the learning of English was rather low; (b) there was a positive but low significant relationship between each of the traits and high grades in SSCE; (c) there was a positive and high significant relationship between performance in each of other subjects and high grades in senior school certificate English (HGSSCE), with Art subjects indicating the highest correlation. The paper recommends, among other suggestions that teachers of English should co-operate with teachers of other subjects while they in turn assume the role of English teachers indirectly, Education policy makers would need to focus attention on the concept of English across the curriculum.
Cytokine levels connected with experimental trial of malaria pathology during Plasmodium berghei ANKA disease in a mouse

Successful recovery from malaria involves striking a balance between counteracting cytokines. The cytokine imbalance contributes to pathological features, but their exact levels have not been elucidated. This study aimed at investigating the role played by circulating cytokines in pathophysiology of cerebral malaria using experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) model by profiling four serum cytokines using cytometric bead array. 72 BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with 0.2 ml 1×10 4 parasitized red blood cells at day 0 and randomized into six groups (six mice/group). The mice were sacrificed at day 4, 6, 8, 11 and 20 post-infection. Significantly higher systemic levels (P<0.05) of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were observed between day 8 and 20 post inoculation (p.i), while tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were significant at days 4, 8 11, 14 and 20, respectively in BALB/c mice that survived until day 20 post-infection with a higher parasitemia (up to 52.6%±0.8). Significant concentrations (P<0.05) of interleukin-4 (IL-4) were observed between day 4 and 8. IL-5 levels had significant differences at days 11 and 20 p.i. T-cell pathology was revealed by fragmentation of whole genomic DNA during the infection which coincided with elevated IFN-γ and TNF-α responses further accelerating the severity of cerebral malaria (CM). This study has demonstrated the correlation between T-lymphocyte pathology and elevated levels of T-helper 1 (Th1) cytokines concentrations in the brain and spleen.
Effect of water stress and fertilization on yield and quality of sugar beet under drip and sprinkler irrigation systems in sandy soil

With increasing concern about declining water resources, it has become mandatory to apply appropriate methods to conserve water and reduce chemical inputs in the field of crop production in line with sustainable agricultural practice. Therefore, two field experiments were conducted at Wadi El-Natrun, Egypt (30°23'19.89 ̋ N latitude and 30°21'41.06 ̋ E longitude) during 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 seasons to study the effect of water stress (100%, 75% and 50% of irrigation water requirements), two organic fertilization levels (zero and 5 ton compost/fed) and three nitrogen fertilization rates (60, 90 and 120 kg N/fed) on growth, yield and quality of sugar beet plants grown under conditions of drip and sprinkler irrigation systems. Results revealed that drip irrigated sugar beet plants with 75% of irrigation water requirements (IWR) recorded the highest significant leaf area index, sucrose%, purity% and extractable sugar% in both seasons and white sugar yield in the second season only, while application of sprinkler irrigate at 100% of IWR gave the heaviest root weight, root number, purity %, root yield in both seasons. Applying compost (5 ton/fed) with sprinkler irrigation significantly increased root weight, root number and root yield in the both seasons. Also, application of compost (5 ton/fed) with drip irrigation system increased root yield. Increasing N rate up to 120 kg N/fed significantly increased LAI, individual root weight, root number/fed and impurities percentage as well as root yield (ton/fed) in both seasons and white sugar yield (ton/fed) only in the first season. Excessive N application lowered beet quality in terms of sucrose, purity and extractable sugar percentage in both seasons.
DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN GREEN PEA ( Pisum Sativum ) A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED MARKETS IN ABUJA , FCT

Background: Food safety is a major public concern worldwide. During the last decades, the increasing demand for food safety has stimulated research regarding the risk associated with consumption of foodstuffs contaminated by pesticides, heavy metals and or toxins. Materials and Methods: In this study, selected heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) in Green peas sold at Gwagwalada and Wuse markets in Abuja have been investigated. The samples were wet digested and the metals were analysed using Atomic Absoprtion Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results: The mean metal levels were found to be 0.75, 17.38, 0.75, 0.13, B.D. L, 34.50 μg/g for Cd, Cr, Cu Pb and Zn respectively. Zn was the highest metal found and Pb was below detection limit. The metal levels found in the study were compared with regional or international standards to determine whether these levels are within acceptable limits in foods. Conclusion: Notably, only Cd level was above the safe limits when compared with the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and World health Organization/ Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/FAO) tolerable limits for metals in fresh vegetables.