Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional properties of salt-soluble proteins obtained from Protaetia brevitarsis (PB) and Tenebrio Molitor (TM) larvae, the interaction between these proteins and pork myofibrillar protein (MP) in a gel system. The evaluation of the salt-soluble protein extracts’ gelation properties showed that the PB had a higher viscosity than the TM protein. However, the TM protein had higher gel strength compared with the PB protein. The gelation characteristics of the pork MP gel systems with added lyophilized insect salt-soluble protein powder demonstrated slightly decreased viscosity compared with MP alone. Adding the TM or PB protein powder did not affect the pork MP’s hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl group levels. Furthermore, the protein bands of the MP did not change with the type or amount of insect salt-soluble protein added. The cooking yields of the pork MP gels containing PB or TM protein powder were higher than without added insect protein. Regardless of the type of insect salt-soluble protein added, the pork MP’s gel strength decreased. Furthermore, as the level of insect powder increased, the surface protein structure became rough and porous. The results demonstrated that proteins extracted from PB and TM larvae interfered with the gelation of pork MP in a gel system.
Body mass index and mortality in elderly men and women: the Tromsø and HUNT studies

Background The impact of body mass index (BMI; kg/m 2 ) and waist circumference (WC) on mortality in elderly individuals is controversial and previous research has largely focused on obesity. Methods With special attention to the lower BMI categories, associations between BMI and both total and cause-speciﬁc mortality were explored in 7604 men and 9107 women aged $ 65 years who participated in the Tromsø Study (1994 e 1995) or the North-Trøndelag Health Study (1995 e 1997). A Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, marital status, education and smoking was used to estimate HRs for mortality in different BMI categories using the BMI range of 25 e 27.5 as a reference. The impact of each 2.5 kg/m 2 difference in BMI on mortality in individuals with BMI < 25.0 and BMI $ 25.0 was also explored. Furthermore, the relations between WC and mortality were assessed. Results We identiﬁed 7474 deaths during a mean follow-up of 9.3 years. The lowest mortality was found in the BMI range 25 e 29.9 and 25 e 32.4 in men and women, respectively. Mortality was increased in all BMI categories below 25 and was moderately increased in obese individuals. U-shaped relationships were also found between WC and total mortality. About 40% of the excess mortality in the lower BMI range in men was explained by mortality from respiratory diseases. Conclusions BMI below 25 in elderly men and women was associated with increased mortality. A modest increase in mortality was found with increasing BMI among obese men and women. Overweight individuals (BMI 25 e 29.9) had the lowest mortality. the a Information about smoking alcohol intake, physical activity and chronic was obtained
Persistent Processes and Distribution in

The paper explains the concept of persistent processes and threads in Timor, showing how it is based on the in-process (procedure oriented) model of process execution. In their Timor form processes and threads can persist even when a user is logged out. They can also invoke remote persistent objects with the same semantics as invocation of local objects.
Current sheets at low altitudes in the Martian magnetotail

We present observations of 1116 current sheet crossings in the Martian magnetotail during one Martian year, as identified from magnetic field rotations measured by Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) at ∼400 km altitude and 2 am local time. Crossings are observed everywhere except above strong crustal fields, and many occur in clusters, with preferred locations varying as a function of season and IMF draping direction. Magnetic polarities are consistent with day‐side IMF draping directions and a two‐lobe induced magnetotail. Energetic “plasma sheet” electrons are often absent, implying that currents can be carried by ions or low‐energy electrons, with thicknesses of <∼100 km arguing for electrons. The presence of a thin current sheet at low altitudes, with specific seasons and IMF directions favored for some geographic locations, implies that reconnection between crustal fields and the draped IMF may play an important role in its formation and location.
Changes in Phenolic Profile and Total Phenol and Total Flavonoid Contents of Guadua angustifolia Kunth Plants under Organic and Conventional Fertilization

Agronomic management of a crop, including the application of fertilizers and biological inoculants, affects the phenol and flavonoid contents of plants producing these metabolites. Guadua angustifolia Kunth, a woody bamboo widely distributed in the Americas, produces several biologically active phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemical and organic fertilizers together with the application of biological inoculants on the composition of phenolic compounds in G. angustifolia plants at the nursery stage. In 8-month-old plants, differences were observed in plant biomass (20.27 ± 7.68 g) and in the content of total phenols and flavonoids (21.89 ± 9.64 mg gallic acid equivalents/plant and 2.13 ± 0.98 mg quercetin equivalents/plant, respectively) when using the chemical fertilizer diammonium phosphate (DAP). No significant differences were found owing to the effect of the inoculants, although the plants with the application of Stenotrophomonas sp. on plants fertilized with DAP presented higher values of the metabolites (24.12 ± 6.72 mg gallic acid equivalents/plant and 2.39 ± 0.77 mg quercetin equivalents/plant). The chromatographic profile of phenolic metabolites is dominated by one glycosylated flavonoid, the concentration of which was favored by the application of the inoculants Azospirillum brasilense, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Stenotrophomonas sp. In the case study, the combined use of DAP and bacterial inoculants is recommended for the production of G. angustifolia plant material with a high content of promising biologically active flavonoids or phenolics.
Periodic (18.6‐Year) and Cyclic (11‐Year) Induced Drought and Flood in Western North America

Analysis of 102 recent tree-ring chronologies confirms earlier evidence for 18.6-year tidal drought/flood induction (Currie, 1981d, 1984b) and led to discovery of 11-year solar cycle induced drought/flood for western North America. Bistable phasing in terms of geography is found with epochs of maximum in lunar nodal 18.6-year drought in western Canada out of phase with those in the western United States and northern Mexico the past two centuries. Solar drought/flood induction provides one mechanism that appears to have modulated the intensity of nodal drought/flood induction in the latter region, most recently at epoch 1936.1. The above results were confirmed by analysis of yet more voluminous data, and they led to discovery of an example of bistable phasing with respect to time in western Canada during the 17th century. The implications for agriculture of such phenomena, which occur world-wide (Currie, 1984c), are surveyed.
22. FRACTURE DISTRIBUTION FROM DOWNHOLE ELECTRICAL IMAGES AT THE BASE OF THE SHEETED DIKE COMPLEX IN HOLE 504B1

Downhole electrical images obtained in the bottom 200 m of Hole 504B during ODP Leg 148 are analyzed here in terms of geometry, with a precise description of fracturing given. Because core recovery was poor, these images are essential to the understanding of the structural context within which this deep hole is drilled. Nearly 4500 traces of fractures were mapped over 167 m of images (26.9 per m on average). The steep to nearly vertical structures that dominate throughout this interval are oriented mainly in a 015°N strike direction, which is identical to the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) determined higher up in Hole 504B from BHTV images. Two zones with intense horizontal fracturing are described (1920-1950 and 1975-2005 mbsf) from FMS images. Although the top one is also detected at a meter scale by deep-reaching electrical resistivity measurements, the bottom one is not. The top interval is also the site of a change in hole deviation (at 1950 mbsf), possibly in relation to a change in dike orientation or in structure of the stress field near the bottom of the hole. The large number of nearly vertical fractures reported from FMS images in this bottom section were probably induced in response to drilling. Particularly concentrated over a 70-m-long interval (1975-2045 mbsf), these steep features coincide in azimuthal direction with those of borehole enlargements. This might arise from tension-generated failures under a strike-slip and strongly deviatoric environment, as suggested also by modes of failure obtained in cores. In such a case, borehole enlargements developed in the direction of tensile failure and pointing 015°N would not correspond to the traditional "breakout" terminology, but would confirm the previous determination of SHmax orientation in this hole. From 1980 to 2003 mbsf, steep features are also detected at depth into the rock from electrical measurements. Located at the bottom of the section drilled during Leg 140, this interval is that in which cooling from fluid circulation was applied at the beginning of Leg 148 in order to protect the core bit from high temperatures. Therefore, it is likely that borehole enlargements and nearly vertical fracturing detected from 1975 to 2045 mbsf originate in drilling, as the propagation of failures deep into the diabase is particularly efficient at depths where cooling was specifically performed.
CD40 Ligand–CD40 Interaction Is an Intermediary between Inflammation and Angiogenesis in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

We aimed to investigate the role of the CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) pathway in inflammation-mediated angiogenesis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). We analyzed vitreous fluids and epiretinal fibrovascular membranes from PDR and nondiabetic patients, cultures of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and Müller glial cells and rat retinas with ELISA, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Functional tests included measurement of blood–retinal barrier breakdown, in vitro angiogenesis and assessment of monocyte-HRMEC adherence. CD40L and CD40 levels were significantly increased in PDR vitreous samples. We demonstrated CD40L and CD40 expression in vascular endothelial cells, leukocytes and myofibroblasts in epiretinal membranes. Intravitreal administration of soluble (s)CD40L in normal rats significantly increased retinal vascular permeability and induced significant upregulation of phospho-ERK1/2, VEGF, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). sCD40L induced upregulation of VEGF, MMP-9, MCP-1 and HMGB1 in cultured Müller cells and phospo-ERK1/2, p65 subunit of NF-ĸB, VCAM-1 and VEGF in cultured HRMECS. TNF-α induced significant upregulation of CD40 in HRMECs and Müller cells and VEGF induced significant upregulation of CD40 in HRMECs. sCD40L induced proliferation and migration of HRMECs. We provide experimental evidence supporting the involvement of the CD40L-CD40 pathway and how it regulates inflammatory angiogenesis in PDR.
Heat Stress Mitigation: Impact of Increased Cooling Sessions on Milk Yield and Welfare of Dairy Buffaloes in a Semiarid Summer

Simple Summary In this study, we assessed the impact of increased cooling sessions on milk production and physiological measures, including respiration rate and body temperature, in dairy buffaloes during a semiarid summer in Pakistan. Eighteen Nili Ravi buffaloes were assigned to three cooling strategies: CTL (handheld hosepipe cooling twice daily for 5 min), 3CS (sprinkler cooling three times daily), and 5CS (sprinkler cooling five times daily). The 5CS group produced 1.6 and 3.2 kg more milk per day than 3CS and CTL, respectively, with more milk fat. The buffaloes in the 5CS group also had lower core body temperatures and respiration rates than the CTL and 3CS groups. Furthermore, buffaloes in the 5CS group spent significantly more time eating and showed decreased blood cortisol levels. Our study demonstrated that increased cooling sessions had a beneficial effect on milk yield and composition, particularly by increasing milk fat content. Additionally, more cooling sessions positively influenced the welfare of dairy buffaloes by lowering respiration rate, body temperature, and cortisol levels. These findings underscore the critical importance of optimizing cooling practices in dairy buffalo management. Abstract The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of increasing cooling sessions from three to five times a day on milk yield and the welfare of dairy buffaloes during a semiarid summer in Pakistan. Eighteen Nili Ravi buffaloes were randomly assigned to three cooling strategies: (1) CTL, where buffaloes were cooled with a handheld hosepipe twice daily for 5 min each; (2) 3CS, where buffaloes were cooled using sprinklers three times daily; and (3) 5CS, where buffaloes were cooled using sprinklers five times daily. Each sprinkler cooling session lasted 1 h, with a 6 min cycle of 3 min of water on and 3 min off. Results showed that the 5CS group produced 1.6 and 3.2 kg more milk per day compared to the 3CS and CTL groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Both the 5CS and 3CS groups had consistently lower core body temperatures and respiration rates than the CTL group. Buffaloes in the 5CS group spent significantly more time eating (p < 0.001). Additionally, the 5CS group exhibited lower cortisol and blood urea nitrogen levels (p = 0.001) and higher glucose levels than the CTL group (p = 0.006). In conclusion, increasing cooling sessions to five times daily improved milk yield and welfare compared to the traditional cooling strategy (CTL) in dairy buffaloes during semiarid summers, highlighting the benefits of optimized cooling practices.
A Biogeographic Analysis of the Herpetofauna of

lations are discussed. The herpetofauna of Trinity County and surrounding areas, which comprise most of the North Coast Range, apparently consists of several groups of species with similar geographic distributions that appear to be related to the major topographic, climatic, and vegetational features of the region. The North Coast Range is an important dispersal corridor for Arcto-Tertiary species, and a partial to complete geographic barrier to other species, principally elements of the Madro-Tertiary herpetofauna. Differentiation of several polytypic species of amphibians and reptiles appears to be closely correlated with the major features of the North Coast Range.
Assessing impulse control behaviors in early Parkinson’s disease: a longitudinal study

Objective Impulse control behaviors (ICBs) frequently coexist with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the predictors of ICBs in PD remain unclear, and there is limited data on the biological correlates of ICBs in PD. In this study, we examined clinical, imaging, and biological variables to identify factors associated with longitudinal changes in ICBs in early-stage PD. Methods The data for this study were obtained from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative, an international prospective cohort study that evaluates markers of disease progression in PD. We examined clinical, imaging, and biological variables to determine their associations with ICBs over a period of up to 5 years. Cox regression models were employed to investigate the predictors of ICBs in early-stage, untreated PD. Results The study enrolled 401 individuals with PD and 185 healthy controls (HC). At baseline, 83 PD subjects (20.7%) and 36 HC (19.5%) exhibited ICBs. Over the course of 5 years, the prevalence of ICBs increased in PD (from 20.7% to 27.3%, p < 0.001), while it decreased in HC (from 19.5% to 15.2%, p < 0.001). Longitudinally, the presence of ICBs in PD was associated with depression, anxiety, autonomic dysfunction, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). However, there was no significant association observed with cognitive dysfunction or motor severity. Treatment with dopamine agonists was linked to ICBs at years 3 and 4. Conversely, there was no association found between ICBs and presynaptic dopaminergic dysfunction. Additionally, biofluid markers in baseline and the first year did not show a significant association with ICBs. A predictive index for ICBs was generated, incorporating three baseline characteristics: anxiety, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), and p-tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Conclusion During the early stages of PD, there is a notable increase in ICBs over time. These ICBs are associated with depression, anxiety, autonomic dysfunction, EDS, and the use of dopaminergic medications, particularly dopamine agonists. Anxiety, RBD, and p-tau levels in CSF are identified as predictors for the incident development of ICBs in early PD. Further longitudinal analyses will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the associations between ICBs and imaging findings, as well as biomarkers. These analyses will help to better characterize the relationships and implications of these factors in the context of ICBs in early PD.
The Psychometric Properties and Effectiveness of the Approach-Avoidance Job Crafting Scale among Chinese Kindergarten Teachers

Job crafting is an important concept associated with many positive outcomes, particularly for kindergarten teachers. Specifically, job crafting can play a key role in improving kindergarten teachers’ work experiences and reducing professional dysfunction, considering their stressful work environment. However, the existing scale that integrates the most accepted theories of job crafting—approach–avoidance theory—has not been examined for efficacy in a multicultural context. Thus, in this study, 1273 Chinese kindergarten teachers were selected as subjects to explore the psychological properties of the German version of the Approach-Avoidance Job Crafting Scale (AAJCS) within the Chinese culture context. The sample was randomly divided into two subsamples. In Sample 1 (N = 618), item analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted. In Sample 2 (N = 655), CFA, reliability, and criterion-related validity tests were conducted. The results showed that job crafting has two independent components, each containing four factors, and the third-order model had the best fit. The reliability and validity of the scale were good, suggesting that AAJCS is an appropriate tool for measuring job crafting in a kindergarten population. Future research is needed to test the validity and reliability of the AAJCS on other populations.
Was 2008 a typical year in Liverpool Bay

Metocean observations in Liverpool Bay over the year 2008 are compared with those over a longer period to determine whether 2008 is a “typical” year. Histograms are produced for each parameter for both 2008 and the long-term, and their shapes examined to see whether the general patterns, and also extremes, seen in the long-term are captured in 2008. This, in turn, will establish whether 2008 is a suitable annual cycle to study. The 2008 data collected will later be correlated to stratification events in Liverpool Bay with the aim of trying to determine the processes controlling stratification.
A Conditional Variational Auto-encoder Model for Reducing Musculoskeletal Disorder Risk during a Human-Robot Collaboration Task

In recent years, there has been a trend to adopt human-robot collaboration (HRC) in the industry. In previous studies, computer vision-aided human pose reconstruction is applied to find the optimal position of point of operation in HRC that can reduce workers’ musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) risks due to awkward working postures. However, the reconstruction of human pose through computer-vision may fail due to the complexity of the workplace environment. In this study, we propose a data-driven method for optimizing the position of point of operation during HRC. A conditional variational auto-encoder (cVAE) model-based approach is adopted, which includes three steps. First, a cVAE model was trained using an open-access multimodal human posture dataset. After training, this model can output a simulated worker posture of which the hand position can reach a given position of point of operation. Next, an awkward posture score is calculated to evaluate MSD risks associated with the generated postures with a variety of positions of point of operation. The position of point of operation that is associated with a minimum awkward posture score is then selected for an HRC task. An experiment was conducted to validate the effectiveness of this method. According to the findings, the proposed method produced a point of operation position that was similar to the one chosen by participants through subjective selection, with an average difference of 4.5 cm.
ANALYZING THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE AMOUNT OF PLASTIC WASTE

One of the biggest environmental issues facing the planet today is plastic garbage, which was created by people and has an effect on them as well. Although though governments have implemented policies, rules, and other initiatives to increase public awareness of and engagement in decreasing plastic trash, the statistics has not changed, and this amount keeps rising every year. Several nations appear to be having trouble solving this problem. In addition, according to the World Bank, the country produces more plastics the wealthy its citizens are. By evaluating behavior and educating people, culture and education can be the answer to this problem. As people get more educated, their awareness of and care for the environment increases. The relationship between each of these factors—culture, education, national income, and government role and environmental problems might potentially help minimize plastic waste. Consequently, the goal of this study is to pinpoint the variables that may have an impact on the volume of plastic garbage and examine how these variables may affect the quantity of plastic waste in various nations. Hofstede's national culture dimension (Power Distance, Collectivism and Individualism, Masculinity and Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, Long-term Orientation and Short-term Orientation, Indulgence and Restraint), wealth per capita, education, and the government's plan and policy on sustainable consumption are the variables that will be examined. In this study, worldwide data for the year 2018 is gathered from 66 different nations utilizing secondary sources, and the data is then analyzed using the Multiple Linear Regression approach. According to the findings, there is a strong correlation between individualism and collectivism and the volume of plastic garbage. The results of this study should help each nation's government reduce the quantity of plastic garbage that is generated.