Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of vacuum cold storage on the quality of meat from Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White heifers and Limousin crosses

The aims of this study were to determine changes in the physicochemical and sensory properties of vacuum-packaged cold-stored beef, and to compare the quality of meat from 11 Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-andWhite (PHF BW) heifers and 11 crossbred heifers produced by mating PHF BW cows to Limousin (LIM) bulls (PHF BW x LIM). The experimental materials comprised samples of m. longissimus lumborum (MLL). Three samples of similar weight were collected from chilled right half-carcasses. The first sample was analyzed approximately 72 post mortem (before storage), the second and third samples were analyzed after 7 and 14 days of cold storage (0-2°C), respectively (counting from the day of slaughter). The samples were vacuum-packaged before storage. During cold storage, muscle samples from PHF BW heifers and LIM crosses did not differ significantly with respect to chemical composition, physicochemical properties and sensory properties. Cold storage time affected the functional properties and eating quality of meat. Prolonged storage contributed to increased weight loss and water-holding capacity (shear force), an increase in color lightness (L*) and a decrease in redness (a*). Meat stored for 7 days was characterized by lower yellowness (b*), compared with meat evaluated 72 hours post mortem and meat stored for 14 days. No significant changes in the pH of meat and no significant increase in TBARS values were noted. The taste, aroma, juiciness and tenderness of meat improved, and shear force values decreased throughout storage.
Mitotic progression, arrest, exit or death is determined by centromere integrity and independent of de novo transcription

Recent studies have challenged the prevailing dogma that transcription is repressed during mitosis. Transcription was also proposed to sustain the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) for several hours in response to unattached kinetochores. Here we used live-cell imaging of human cells in culture, combined with RNA-seq and qPCR, to investigate the requirement for de novo transcription during mitosis. Under conditions of persistently unattached kinetochores, transcription inhibition with actinomycin D, or treatment with other DNA-intercalating drugs, delocalized the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) protein Aurora B from centromeres, compromising SAC robustness and cell fate. However, we were unable to detect significant changes in transcript levels. Moreover, inhibition of transcription independently of DNA intercalation had no effect on SAC response, mitotic progression, exit or death. Mechanistically, we show that DNA intercalating agents reduce the interaction of the CPC with nucleosomes. Thus, the capacity of human cells to progress, sustain, exit or die in mitosis relies on centromere integrity, rather than de novo transcription.
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Plant Extracts for Textile Applications

Aims: To carry out the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening and assess the antimicrobial activity of banyan ( Ficus benghalensis ), castor ( Ricinus communis ) and clerodendron ( Clerodendron inerme ) leaf extracts. Results: The qualitative screening revealed the presence of constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols and saponins in all the leaf extracts. However, terpenoids were absent in banyan leaf extracts. Irrespective of solvents, castor extracts yielded higher total phenols followed by banyan and clerodendron extracts. Further, the antibacterial activity of the crude ethanol extract of castor against bacterial species viz . , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and fungal strain, Aspergillus niger showed highest antibacterial and antifungal activity compared to banyan and clerodendron extracts. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the results has provided the basis for use of banyan, castor and clerodendron extracts as potential agents for applying antimicrobial finish to textiles. Hence, there is a need to explore the applicability of these plant resources which are rich in phytochemicals/phenolics and may have beneficial effects on health.
The unique locomotor apparatus of whirligig beetles of the tribe Orectochilini (Gyrinidae, Coleoptera)

12 Whirligig beetles, which are known for their rapid gliding on the water surface, have evolved 13 a unique locomotor apparatus. External and internal thoracic structures of Orectochilus villosus 14 (Orectochilini) are described in detail and documented with micro-computed tomography, 15 computer based 3D reconstructions, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The results 16 are compared with conditions found in other genera of Gyrinidae and other groups of 17 Coleoptera. The focus is on structures linked with locomotion, especially on the unusual flight 18 apparatus, which differs strongly from that of other beetles. As in other Orectochilini, the 19 prothorax of Orectochilus displays characters typical for Gyrinidae, with triangular procoxae 20 and fore legs transformed into elongated, sexually dimorphic grasping devices. The 21 musculature of this segment is similar to the pattern found in other Coleoptera. Simlar to all 22 other extant Gyrinidae, the mesothorax is characterized by an extensive and flat mesoventrite, 23 suitable for gliding on the water surface. As in Heterogyrinae and the other Gyrininae, the 24 pterothoracic legs are transformed into paddle-like structures, enabling the beetles to move with 25 high speed on the surface film. The musculature of the mesothorax is reduced compared to 26 other Coleoptera, but similar to what is found in the other Gyrininae. The metathoracic skeleton 27 and musculature are simplified in Orectochilini compared to other Gyrininae and other groups 28 of Coleoptera. In O. villosus only 10 metathoracic muscles are preserved. Thirty-six are present 29 in an archostematan beetle, a condition probably close to the coleopteran groundplan. The 30 metathoracic dorsal longitudinal bundles are absent in Gyrininae, muscles that play a role as 31 indirect flight muscles in most other neopteran insects. The rest of the posteromotoric flight 32 apparatus is distinctly modified, with a limited number of skeletomuscular elements taking over 33 more than one function, i.e. leg movements and flight. The large muscle M84 (IIIdvm7) M. 34
Comparative phylogeography and diversity of Australian Monsoonal Tropics lizards

Inter-biome comparisons of biodiversity patterns can inform us of the relative roles of history, landscape, and environmental change in shaping diversification patterns within biomes. The Australian continent is dominated by the Monsoonal Tropics (AMT) and Arid Zone (AAZ) biomes which share an extensive border region and a high diversity of related taxa. Genetic diversity of lineages spanning both biomes tends to be higher and older within the AMT, and usually associated with heterogeneous rock escarpments. The AAZ is considered a relatively young biome in comparison, and exhibits younger, more widespread diversity often derived from mesic ancestry. Phylogeographic comparisons between the AMT and AAZ have recently shown, however, that this is not always the case: in generalist and rock-specialist lizard taxa there is some evidence of long histories and highly structured lineages associated with isolated montane refugia. Here, I compared the timing and patterns of diversification within and between biomes across a different ecologically-specialised clade of Australian lizards with Gondwanan ancestry which are associated with spinifex grasses (Strophurus: phasmid geckos). My results indicated that despite this taxon having an extensive history within the AAZ there was limited genetic structure to reflect this age. In contrast, genetic diversity was higher, older and more finely geographically structured within phasmid gecko lineages of the AMT. This implies that diversity in this biome is not necessarily explained by the age of the biome or history of occupancy, but perhaps more significantly by the structure of the landscape and habitat, which may support greater persistence through climatic and environmental change. Chapter 2: Role of biome ecology in shaping diversification patterns 30 2.
Genomic and functional analysis of organohalide-respiring firmicutes

Dehalobacter restrictus strain PER-K23 (DSM 9455) is the type strain of the species Dehalobacter restrictus. D. restrictus strain PER-K23 grows by organohalide respiration, coupling the oxidation of H2 to the reductive dechlorination of tetraor trichloroethene. Growth has not been observed with any other electron donor or acceptor, nor has fermentative growth been shown. Here we introduce the first full genome of a pure culture within the genus Dehalobacter. The 2,943,336 bp long genome contains 2,826 protein coding and 82 RNA genes, including 4 16S rRNA genes. Interestingly, the genome contains 25 predicted reductive dehalogenase genes, the majority of which appear to be full length. The reductive dehalogenase genes are mainly located in two clusters, suggesting a much larger potential for organohalide respiration than previously anticipated. Abbreviations: OHRorganohalide respiration, OHRBorganohalide respiring bacteria, RDHreductive dehalogenase homologue, PCEtetrachloroethene
Antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from bekasam against staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and salmonella sp

Bekasam is an Indonesian fermented food made of fish. As a fermented food, this food may contain some beneficial bacteria like lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which usually have antimicrobial properties such as organic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and a bacteriocin. A study on antimicrobial activity of LAB isolated from bekasam against some pathogenic bacteria has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to know the ability of crude bacteriocin produced LAB of bekasam against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Salmonella sp. Bekasam sample was taken from South Sumatera. LAB isolation was done using de Man Rogosa and Sharpe agar. A bacterial colony with clear zone was selected and purified to get a single colony. The antagonistic assay of the LAB was conducted in Muller-Hinton agar Selected isolates with higher clearing zone were assayed for antibacterial effect of their crude bacteriocin of different culture incubation time of 6, 9, and 12 hours. The results showed that the crude extract bacteriocin of isolate MS2 of 9 hours culture incubation time inhibited more in Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with inhibition zone of 13.1 mm, whereas isolate MS9 of 9 hours culture incubation time inhibited more in Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Salmonella sp. with inhibition zone of 12.7 and 7.3 mm, respectively.
Spatial and seasonal distributions of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes along an estuary to basin transect in the northern South China Sea

The spatial and seasonal distributions of marine photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPEs) and the underlying structuring mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we performed Fluorescent in situ hybridization associated with tyramide signal amplification along an estuary to basin transect in the northern South China Sea (SCS) across three seasons (spring, summer and autumn). We disentangled the PPE assemblage variances by combining these data with the results obtained in our previous study conducted in winter to evaluate the relative importance of environmental, spatial and temporal effects. Our results showed that Mamiellophyceae was the most abundant class and accounted for an average of 33.1% (spring), 34.2% (summer) and 30% (autumn) of the depth-integrated picoeukaryotic abundances in different seasons. Prymnesiophyceae species were widely detected across the three seasons, and Pelagophyceae species were remarkably abundant in the chlorophyll maximum depth in summer. Bolidophyceae represents an important PPE class and made considerable contributions (up to 25.4% in autumn) to the depth-integrated picoeukaryotic abundances. Moreover, the PPE assemblages were significantly explained by purely environmental (6.5%) and purely temporal (42.7%) components, and they were also explained by a weak and non-significant spatial component (1.9%). In summary, our results provide insights into PPE distributions that are differently influenced by environmental, spatial and temporal components in the northern SCS.
Rodent herbivory and fire differentially affect plant species recruitment based on variability in life history traits

Rodent consumers can have strong top-down effects on plant community development via seed predation, but their in ﬂ uence on seedling recruitment and how it varies depending on disturbance history and plant traits are largely unknown. Over a two-year period, we experimentally tested the in ﬂ uence of rodents and ﬁ re on seedling survival of 14 plant species with contrasting growth forms and life history traits in the Great Basin Desert. Seedling survival was dramatically increased by rodent exclusion and ﬁ re and was greater in 2013 than 2012. Rodent abundance was an order of magnitude lower in 2013 than 2012 and across both years showed a negative linear relationship with mean seedling survival of all 14 plant species ( R 2 = (cid:1) 0.62). There was strong variability in plant species sensitivity to rodent herbivory with a more than 10-fold difference in mortality risk between the most sensitive species and the most resistant species and a high degree of variability in survival among all species. Mortality risk of forb species was double that of grass species and there was a trend toward higher mortality of native species compared to introduced species. The results suggest that rodent herbivory may be an important determinant of plant community assembly in desert ecosystems with plant life history strategies and growth form traits serving as important survival ﬁ lters. Post- ﬁ re environments and low rodent years likely provide windows of opportunity for greater seedling recruitment due to a release from rodent herbivory pressure.
Effects of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on Immunity, Nutrient Transporters and Functional Diversity of Cecal Microbiome of Broiler Chickens in Necrotic Enteritis Challenge. J. World Poult. Res., 10 (3): 527-544. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2020.61;

1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China; 2 Department of Agricultural Science, Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto, Sokoto State, P.M. B 2129 Nigeria; 3 Livestock and Dairy Development Department Quetta, 87300 Baluchistan, Pakistan; 4 Evonik Degussa (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100600, China; Corresponding author’s Email: yangxj@nwsuaf.edu. cn; ORCID: 0000-0001-9702-7039 Received: 12 Aug. 2020 Accepted: 22 Sept. 2020 ABSTRACT
Analysis of microsatellite DNA polymorphism in the Tatra Shepherd Dog

ABSTRACT The Tatra Shepherd Dog is one of five Polish native breeds of dogs originating from the Polish Tatra Mountains. The objective of the study was to determine genetic variation in a population of 60 dogs of this breed, based on polymorphism of 18 microsatellite (STR) markers, recommended by ISAG for canine parentage testing. The analysis showed considerable genetic variability in the studied loci. The 100 alleles identified in the test material were used to determine the polymorphism of the discussed markers. The highest polymorphism was found in the locus AHT171, in which 8 alleles were identified and PIC and HO values exceeded 0.8. The lowest polymorphism was detected for AHTk211, in which 3 alleles were determined, and PIC and HO values were 0.233 and 0.281, respectively. Average FIS had a low negative value, which suggests zero inbreeding of the studied breed. The probability of parentage exclusion estimated for the 18 markers totalled 99.996%.
Effect of extra-pair paternity and parental quality on brood sex ratio in the scarlet rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus

Abstract. The attractiveness hypothesis predicts that females should bias the sex ratio of their offspring towards sons when mated to attractive males. Females of many socially monogamous bird species commonly engage in extra-pair fertilizations (EPFs). Assuming that extra-pair males are more attractive to females than their social partners, and that sons inherit superior traits from their fathers, extra-pair young should be more likely males. According to the maternal condition hypothesis male-biased sex ratio in offspring should be also associated with better female body condition. We evaluated these ideas in the scarlet rosefinch (Carpodacus erythrinus), socially monogamous songbird with moderate level of extra-pair fertilizations. Contrary to the attractiveness hypothesis we have found no significant effect of paternity (within-pair or extra-pair) on the sex of individual offspring. Furthermore, data did not suggest that females mated to males with more elaborated plumage colour were more likely to produce sons. However, consistently with the maternal condition hypothesis, high-quality females produced more sons than daughters. Our results indicate that scarlet rosefinch females may not be able to manipulate the primary sex ratio of their offspring in relation to the attractiveness of their mate, but they may adjust it according to their own condition.
Purity

Once an artist imagined how he would look if he plucked out an offending eye. He painted a self-portrait in which the orbit on the right side of his face was gaping, dolorous. Seven years passed, and then there came a day when the artist tried to break up a fight among his friends. In the ensuing melee he lost his left eye-the one he must have painted out all those years before, when working on the selfportrait, if he based his image on the sight of himself in a mirror. Mirrors, of course, reverse the images before them. If we could forget niggling qualifications, epistemological hedges, all the huffing and puffing of the sense of responsibility that distinguishes intellectuals from assassins, then this story might be frightening, uncanny. As it is, I suspect most of my readers would find it terrible only in the derogatory sense. Although it has a certain primitive simplicity, it seems facile, as if it might have served for one of the weaker episodes in Walter Scott's Waverley novels or Rod Serling's "Twilight Zone. " Even if it were presented by a master of simple plots, I can imagine it succeeding only as an occasion for metaphysical conjectures, glistening thorns and blossoms of irony, and the like. (Play around with the comparison to The Picture of Dorian Gray, sure, and throw in a reference to E. T. A. Hoffmann, do a turn on Lewis Carroll, or tell us one more time about the sly ruses of representation, if you must-none of this will make the story moving.) And even if I were to say that this is a true story, that Victor Brauner painted this Autoportrait in 1931 and suffered this injury in 1938, it seems unlikely that it would be more affecting. How could such a corny plot raise a
Role of Environment in Cross Species Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii, Current Status and One Health Approach in Pakistan

Toxoplasmosis is important zoonotic disease. This disease infected multiple species of birds, mammals, reptile and amphibian. Moreover, multiple complications have been reported in human and livestock which is important in term of their health and adverse effects on economic of country. Role of environment is very important in cross-species transmission of said zoonotic disease. In Pakistan, studies are available on animal, human and detection of said parasites from environmental samples. But there is no single study available where one health approach has been used. Thatâ€™s why present review will focus on brief introduction toxoplasmosis, complications in human and animals, current status of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Pakistan and worldwide, transmission of T. gondii from environment to human, role of Wildlife in transmission of T. gondii in human and detection of T. gondii in environmental samples. Final, we will discuss that how can one health approach be useful for the control of environment role in transmission of infection in Pakistan.
Comparison of turbulence models in predicting the flow around a surface mounted cube

Numerical experiments of a flow around a surface mounted cube in a fully turbulent channel flow was carried out with the open source CFD-tool OpenFOAM® 1.9x. Different turbulence models have been tested and the obtained results have been compared with experimental observations by Martinzzi and Tropea (1993), investigating the accuracy of each turbulence model in predicting the mean streamwise velocity profile and the surface pressure coefficient. The numerical computational domain, boundary and initial conditions have been chosen in order to replicate the experimental set-up. The results show an agreement with similar works present in literature highlighting the better performance of the k-epsilon models family in forecast the experimental data.
Combining Prebiotic and Mixture of Freeze Dried Probiotics to Develop Synbiotics that Induce Apoptosis in Human Colon Tumor Cells

I N THE PRESENT study, we first aimed to select some potential anti-cancer probiotics in vitro.Using the inulin fermentation product by the selected five probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus paraplantarum strain S143, L. pentosus strain P2-3, L. plantarum strain J12, L.gasseri strain F. and L.reuteri strain IRT), Caco-2 cells were exposed to 50% filtrate supernatant of each probiotic bacteria after 24 h of incubation. Results showed that inulin fermentation product of the selected probiotics cause apoptosis in the Caco-2 cell line. Also, the viability of the freeze-dried powders of the five probiotics using skimmed milk as cryoprotectant was followed up for 12 weeks of storage at refrigerated conditions and also at room temperature. Results proved that lyophilized powders showed slight decrease in their viable count during storage both at room and refrigerated temperatures. This would ensure a good cell concentration for at least 3 months to be administered as a probiotic and would guarantee the long-term delivery of sufficient active, viable, and functional cultures.
Jump-Starting the Euro-Area Recovery: Would a Rise in Core Fiscal Spending Help the Periphery?

We show that a fiscal expansion by the core economies of the euro area would have a large and positive impact on periphery GDP assuming that policy rates remain low for a prolonged period. Under our preferred model specification, an expansion of core government spending equal to 1% of euro-area GDP would boost periphery GDP by over 1%in a liquidity trap lasting three years, nearly half as large as the effect oncore GDP. Accordingly, under a standard ad hoc loss function involving output and inflation gaps, increasing core spending would generate substantial welfare improvements, especially in the periphery. The benefits are considerably smaller under a utility-based welfare measure, reflecting in part that higher net exports play a material role in raising periphery GDP.