Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Skeletal Anatomy of Acaenasuchus geoffreyi Long and Murry, 1995 (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) and its Implications for the Origin of the Aetosaurian Carapace

ABSTRACT Acaenasuchus geoffreyi is a diminutive armored archosaur from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation of northern Arizona, U.S.A. , with uncertain evolutionary relationships and skeletal maturity. Known only from osteoderms, the taxon has been considered a valid taxon of aetosaur, juvenile specimens synonymous with the aetosaur Desmatosuchus spurensis, or a non-aetosaurian pseudosuchian archosaur. Here, we describe new fossils of Acaenasuchus geoffreyi that represent cranial, vertebral, and appendicular elements as well as previously unknown variations in the dorsal carapace and ventral shield. The skull bones are ornamented with the same anastomosing complex of ridges and grooves found on the paramedian and lateral osteoderms, and the appendicular skeleton resembles that of Revueltosaurus callenderi, Euscolosuchus olseni, aetosaurs, and other armored archosaurs such as erpetosuchids. Histology of osteoderms from the hypodigm of Acaenasuchus geoffreyi shows multiple growth lines, laminar tissue, and low vascularity, evidence that the individuals were close to skeletal maturity and not young juveniles. A revised phylogenetic analysis of early archosaurs recovers Acaenasuchus geoffreyi and Euscolosuchus olseni as sister taxa and members of a new clade that is the sister taxon of Aetosauria. This new phylogeny depicts a broader distribution of osteoderm character states previously thought to only occur in aetosaurs, demonstrating the danger of using only armor character states in aetosaur taxonomy and phylogeny. Acaenasuchus geoffreyi is also a good example of how new fossils can stabilize ‘wild card’ taxa in phylogenetic analyses and contributes to our understanding of the evolution of the aetosaur carapace.
Multi-Stage Change Point Detection with Copula Conditional Distribution with PCA and Functional PCA

A global uncertainty environment, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, has affected the manufacturing industry severely in terms of supply and demand balancing. So, it is common that one stage statistical process control (SPC) chart affects the next-stage SPC chart. It is our research objective to consider a conditional case for the multi-stage multivariate change point detection (CPD) model for highly correlated multivariate data via copula conditional distributions with principal component analysis (PCA) and functional PCA (FPCA). First of all, we review the current available multivariate CPD models, which are the energy test-based control chart (ETCC) and the nonparametric multivariate change point model (NPMVCP). We extend the current available CPD models to the conditional multi-stage multivariate CPD model via copula conditional distributions with PCA for linear normal multivariate data and FPCA for nonlinear non-normal multivariate data.
Investigation of the histological structure of cochlea and corti under light and electron microscope

tüy hücreleri, iç kulak, korti organı. ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aims to investigate the histological structure of the cochlea and organ of Corti of the ear under light and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods: A total of eight Wistar albino rats (aging 4 month, weighing 300-350 g) were used in this study. The right cochlea was detected in glutaraldehyde with phosphate buffer to examine in SEM. For light microscopy, cochlea was fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and then decalcified. The sections taken from the tissues were stained with hematoxylin & eosin to evaluate the histological structure of the cochlea and Corti. Results: In light microscopic images, scala media, scala vestibuli, and scala tympani were easily selected. In the SEM images, only scala media region where the organ of Corti was located was examined. Three lines of the outer hair cells and one line of inner hair cells were observed in SEM images after the removal of the tectorial membrane. The Deiter’s cells supporting the inner and outer hair cells were obvious structures. which may occur in the cochlea and the cortical structure, when they are
Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus plantarum L4

Lactobacillus plantarum is used as starter culture for vegetable fermentation, olives conservation, ensiling and probiotic preparations for humans and animals. For the administration of probiotics to humans or animals, strains of lactic acid bacteria should be resistant to the specific conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. The strain Lactobacillus plantarum L4 was examined for probiotic activities in experiments in vitro. The culture supernatant of L. plantarum L4 showed antimicrobial activity against enteropathogenic, spore-forming and fungal test microorganisms. That activity was higher than the antimicrobial activity of the corresponding concentration of lactic acid alone. At low pH values of the medium and in the prsence of lysozyme and substances such as phenol and bile salts, bacterium L. plantarum L4 showed a satisfactory degree of survival. Its resistance against different antibiotics that are often used in therapy was confirmed by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration.
ANALISIS FAKTOR KEPATUHAN TERAPI OBAT ANTI TUBERKULOSIS KOMBINASI DOSIS TETAP PADA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS DI PUSKESMAS SERPONG 1 KOTA TANGERANG SELATAN

Latar belakang: Menurut WHO dalam Global Tuberculosis Report 2018, TB merupakan salah satu penyakit dari 10 penyebab kematian di dunia.Pada tahun 2017, diperkirakan terdapat 10 juta kasus baru (insidensi) TB di seluruh dunia yang setara dengan 133 kasus per 100.000 penduduk, diantaranya 5,8 juta laki-laki, 3,2 juta wanita dan 1 juta adalah anak-anak.Pada tahun 2018 di Puskesmas Serpong 1 didapatkan angka penemuan kasus (CNR) termasuk ke tiga tertinggi dari seluruh puskesmas di Tangerang Selatan.Puskesmas Serpong 1 tersebut memiliki sistem penjaringan kasus TB yang cukup baik di Tangerang Selatan. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisa Faktor kepatuhan Terapi Obat Anti Tuberkulodid (OAT) Kombinasi Dosis Tetap (KDT) pada pasien dengan tuberkulosis paru di Puskesmas Serpong 1 Kota Tangerang Selatan tahun 2019. Metode: Desain cross sectional (potong lintang) dengan sampel 47 responden. Sampel adalah pasien TB paru yang sedang menjalani pengobatan TB. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling . Analisis dengan uji chi-square . Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis univariat responden berada dikelompok umur produkttif sebanyak 46 (97,9%),sedangkan berdasarkan analisis bivarat didapatkan ada hubungan dengan pengetahuan, efek samping AOT, jarang tempat tinggal , peran PMO dan peran kesehatan dengan kepatuhan Terapi Obat Anti Tuberkulodid (OAT) Kombinasi Dosis Tetap (KDT) dengan nilai P 0,05. Kesimpulan: Faktor pengetahuan,efek samping OAT,jarak tempuh ,peran PMO dan Peran petugas ada hubungan dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien TB paru. Sedangkan faktor karakteristik pasien yang tidak berhubungan yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry of SU‐8 photoresist from 190 to 1680 nm (0.740–6.50 eV)

SU‐8 is an important, epoxy‐based, negative photoresist that can create high aspect ratio features. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is a nondestructive analytical technique that can be performed in the open air. In this study, reflection and transmission SE measurement data were combined to model the optical function of SU‐8 photoresist. The data were fit using three different models: (i) a B‐spline model, (ii) a four‐Gaussian oscillator model with an ultraviolet (UV) and an infrared (IR) pole, and (iii) a Cody–Lorentz model with three additional Gaussian oscillators. All three models successfully fit the data, where the B‐spline model showed the lowest mean squared error. In situ SE data were also collected and fitted to follow possible changes in the optical properties of the SU‐8 during its development. Time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) modeling of a complete SU‐8 monomer is qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with the measured optical function.
DYNAMIC MODELING DATA EXPORT OIL AND GAS AND NON-OIL AND GAS BY ARMA(2,1)-GARCH(1,1) MODEL: STUDY OF INDONESIAN’S EXPORT OVER THE YEARS 2008-2019

It is well known that a country’s economy is very dependent on the export of goods and services produced by that country. This depends on exporting either mining products such as oil and gas or non-oil and gas. This paper will study the data export of oil and gas and data export of non-oil and gas of Indonesian over the years 2008-2019. The aim of this study is to obtain the best model that can describe the pattern of the data export of oil and gas and data export of non-oil and gas. From the results of the analysis, researchers found that the best models that can describe the pattern of data export of oil and gas and data export of non-oil and gas are the same, namely: ARMA (2.1) -GARCH (1.1) models. These models for both data are very significant with P < 0.0001 and < 0.0001, respectively, R-squares are 0.8797 and 0.7604, respectively and mean average percentage errors are 12.41 and 6.92, respectively. These models are very reliable, and they can be used to predict (forecast) for the next 12 periods (months).
How Social Connections to Local CBNRM Institutions Shape Interaction: A Mixed Methods Case from Namibia

Strong social connections between communities and institutions are essential to effective community-based natural resource management. Connectivity and willingness to engage with actors across scales are related to one’s perceptions of institutions managing natural resources. To better understand how individuals’ perceptions are related to connections between communities and institutions, and how these promote or inhibit interaction across scales, we carried out a mixed methods case study on the multiple actors living and working in the Namib Naukluft National Park in Namibia. We took a descriptive approach to the social network analysis and identified distinct subgroups as well as boundary actors for the community-institutional network. Thereafter, we regressed interview data on connections, perceptions, and willingness to reach out to institutions to understand more about network dynamics. Finally, we performed a qualitative analysis of interview data, to further highlight why community individuals were connected to institutional members. Positive perceptions are associated with greater connectivity for two out of three institutions. Better quality connections between community members and institutions was equated with a greater willingness (of community members) to reach out to an institutional member in only one out of three cases. As in other studies, willingness to reach out may be more strongly correlated to intergroup actor dynamics, as shown by subgrouping in the social network analysis, than one’s perceptions alone. This research highlights that direct interactions between community members and local institutions has the potential to support collaboration in the context of community-based natural resource management.
Limnologia de viveiro de criação de tilápias do Nilo: avaliação diurna visando boas práticas de manejo

Photosynthesis and breathing processes play an important role in the metabolism of pisciculture ponds. This study was performed in a tilapia pond in order to guide the best management practices based on the diurnal evaluation (120 h period) of l imnological variables. To this end, it was determined the values of chlorophyll a , total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total ammonia, nitrite and nitrate, transparency, total alkalinity (carbon for ms), water temperature, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, pH, underwater radiation and phytoplankton. The sampling period occurred two months after populating the pond (December 16420, 2 006), phase 1, and after six months (March 246, 2007), phase 2. At each phase, samples were taken e very 2 hours from 6 am until 8 pm for 5 days in a row (120 hours). The samples for phytoplankton quantitative analysis occurred on December 12, 2006 and March 06, 2007. The management practices promoted the enrichment of nutrients and high densities of green algae, therefore directed the dynamics of gases (O 2 and CO 2 ) through the photosynthesis process. In phase 2 there was an increase of oxidized forms of nitrogen and phosphorus. The behavior of the system between the hours of the study was repeated during the days, indicating that the scale of hours is more important in the dynamics of the system than the days to the dataset analyzed. These results demonstrate that management practices should consider the daily fluctuations of variables such as nitrite, carbon dioxide, pH, dissolved oxygen, deploying the most appropriate feeding schedules and the use of aerators, avoiding a possible fish kills
Influence of Tryptophan supplemented diets on self-balancing, food intake and growth performance of juvenile and adult Nile tilapia

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to test the effect of the ingestion of tryptophan on the self-balancing of the portion and the productive performance of Nile tilapia in the juvenile and adult stages. For this purpose, tryptophan supplemented diets were prepared as follows: RC (3,2g amino acid kg-1, control), R2 6,40g kg-1, R4 12,80g kg-1, R6 19,60g kg-1 and R8 25,60g kg-1, offering two portions for the selfbalancing tests. The results showed that Nile Tilapia self-balanced daily consumption of tryptophan, improving feed intake, weight gain, standard length and feed conversion. The results indicated that juvenile and adult Nile Tilapia is capable of regulating the amino acid consumption at 8,40g kg-1 and 8,20g kg-1 of the diet, respectively.
Impact of transgenic AFPCHI (Cucumis melo L. Silver Light) fungal resistance melon on soil microbial communities and enzyme activities

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract A greenhouse experiment was conducted for evaluation of ecological effects of transgenic melon plants in the rhizospheric soil in terms of soil properties, enzyme activities and microbial communities. Organic matter content of soil under transgenic melon plants was significantly higher than that of soil with non-transgenic melon plants. Significant variations were observed in organic matter, total P and K in soil cultivation with transgenic melon plants. There were also significant variations in the total numbers of colony forming units of fungi, actinomycetes and bacteria between soils treated with transgenic and non-transgenic melon plants. Transgenic and non-transgenic melon significantly enhanced several enzymes activities including urease, acid phosphatase, alkalin phosphatase, arysulphtase, β glucosidase, dehydrogenase, protease and catalase. Soil polyphenoloxidase activity of T1 transgenic melon was lower than that of T0 transgenic melon and a non-melon plant during the same period. The first generation transgenic melon plants (T0) showed significantly greater (p<0.05) effect on the activitiy of arylsulfatase, which increased from 2.540x10 6 CFU g -1
PURE CULTURE OF WILD TOUGH MUSHROOM COLLECTED FROM TAY NINH PROVINCE OF VIET NAM

Pure cultures of wild edible mushroom have drawn much attention all over the world for exploitation and conservation of precious genetic resources. In this study, a wild strain of tough mushroom, which has been used as human food in Tay Ninh Province, was collected. The strain was purely cultured on agar medium and grown on different culture media for mycelial growth and fruiting body production. It was also classified based on morphological characteristics and molecular methods. The results show that this wild tough mushroom belongs to Lentinus squarrosulus (Polyporaceae). The best mycelial growth rate (8.3 mm/day) was recorded on the unhusked rice medium containing CaCO3 (1 %) and MgSO4 (1 %). In both of rubber tree sawdust medium supplemented with corn bran (10 %) and the one supplemented with earthworm fertilizer (5 %), the mycelial growth rates were significantly similar (8.4 mm/day) and achieved full colonization of the both supplemented sawdust bags (each 1 kg) after 24 days of incubation. The fresh fruiting bodies yielded 398 412 g/bag of the both sawdust media.
Detection ol JIaA Virulence Genes Campylobacter jejuni, Isolated from Human faeces and Groundwater Using PCR Method

Campylobacter jejuni have been recognized as one of major causes of bacterial gastroenteritis (campylobacteriosis) in humans both in developed and developing countries. Incidence of campylobacteriosis in developing countries is estimated to be approximately 1% of the population and the number of cases increased annually in most countries. It was also reported that in Indonesia about 3.6 percent of 21.763 diarrhea cases cause by Campylobacter jejuni is higher than that of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 and Salmonella paratyphi A. The aim of this study was determine flaA genes of Campylobacter jeujuni isolated from faeces and groundwater to determine whether there is a factor of virulent isolates. Sixty isolates in total were tested in this study, including 44 isolates from human clinical samples (faeces), and 16 from groundwater. Out of these, 35 human faeces and 3 groundwater samples were found positive for C. jejuni. The isolates were identified on the basis of morhological, biochemical by vitek and PCR based detection of 16S rRNA and flaA virulence gene, which are reponsible for expression of adherence, invasion, and colonization in C. jejuni. The PCR detection showed, 7 isolates positive for flaA gene, 6 from faeses and 1 from groundwater. The findings on detection of virulence flaA genes C. jejuni from clinical cases of children and groundwater further prove the importance of infection that necessitates the need for proper preventive measures to control the infection in drinking water and household water consumption. K e y w o r d s
Role of testosterone pretreatment in poor ovarian responders undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic injection in comparison with growth hormone

Objective: Androgen can play a synergistic role with follicle-stimulating hormone in promoting the early follicular recruitment, which is critical in Assisted Reproduction Technique program. In patients with poor ovarian response (POR) and poor ovarian reserve may benefit from testosterone gel application and growth hormone. This study was done to assess whether poor responders can benefit from androgen therapy before in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and from growth hormone. Study Design: It is a prospective pilot study on 35 patients with previous POR and poor ovarian reserve attending IRM, OPD between January 2015 and December 2015 for 1 year. Materials and Methods: Selected women received transdermal therapy of testosterone gel 12.5 mg over the skin of shoulder and upper arm for 21 days from day 7 to day 27 of cycle during oral contraceptive pills if the cycle was not regular and gel treatment before gonadotropin stimulation cycle for next one cycle. Hormone assessment (total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulins, and androstenedione level) was done at the beginning and at the end of the gel application. Ovarian stimulation with fixed antagonist protocol was used. The primary outcome is improvement in antral follicle count (AFC), the total number of oocyte retrieved, number of mature oocytes, and good quality of embryos. In this study, implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were also assessed. If patient did not respond to testosterone gel, growth hormone was used in next cycle with gonadotropins and same parameters were used. Results: In this study, we found that two drugs are comparable in terms of clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and live-birth rate. We found that number of cryopreserved embryos and cumulative pregnancy rate are more in testosterone group. Fertilization rate and cleavage arrest were similar in both groups. Cancellation rate was less, and duration of gonadotropins treatment was more in testosterone-only group. Significantly increased androstenedione level was seen in improved cycles of testosterone gel treatment. Out of 35 patients with testosterone gel treatment, in 42.9% cases, AFC improved. Conclusion: Testosterone gel treatment is useful in patients with poor ovarian reserve or poor ovarian responders in terms of improving AFC, more number of oocytes, increased number of embryos and increased number of cryopreserved embryos, and hence cumulative pregnancy rate. Growth hormone had equivalent results with testosterone gel with less number but good-quality oocytes and embryos. This is a pilot study, including a small number of patients; hence, further randomized trials are needed before using expensive and injectable drug, i.e., growth hormone in poor responders.
Assessment of Allelopathic Prospective of Agriculture Land Trees on Morphological and Yield Attributes of Wheat Varieties of Pakistan

The study was specifically designed to assess the allelopathic potential of some agriculture land related trees. The aqueous extracts of five different trees Corymbia citriodora, Juglans regia, Alianthus altissima, Populus ciliata and Melia azadrach were applied on two selected wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivumL.) CM 301 approved variety V1 and a local variety V2. Aqueous extracts of 20g/200ml ratio concentration were prepared separately. The allelopathic effects on morphological parameters of wheat as well as reduction or enhancement ratio of wheat yield were studied. Five Treatments (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) for both varieties were arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications each. The morphological parameters were measured after 40 days of sowing. Data were subjected to analysis of variance through (ANOVA) and least significant differences (LSD) were found by using software (Statistix 8.1). All treatments showed remarkable positive and negative effects on the parameters under investigation. Significant difference was observed by parameters such as number of tillers (0.0183), root length (0.018), flag leaf length (0.0191), flag leaf width (0.0153), numbers of awns (0.0164) and grains weight (0.0193). Some parameters showed non-significant difference like number of spikeslets (0.0930) and numbers of grains (0.1518). While numbers of spike (0.3754), spike length (0.6088) and plant height (0.4461) showed highly non-significant growth. The study concludes that Juglans regia and Melia azedarach showed growth enhancing effect while Populus ciliata and Alianthus altissima strongly inhibit the growth and yield of both wheat varieties.