Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Cross Sectional Study on Risk Factors, Smoking and Hypertension of Cardiovascular Diseases among Adult Population in Urban Slum Area, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

Introduction: India is experiencing an epidemiological transition from communicable diseases to non communicable with cardiovascular diseases as a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. It has been estimated that by 2020, Cardiovascular disease(CVD) will be the largest cause of disability and death in India, with 2.6 million Indians predicted to die due to CVD. Objectives: 1. To study the prevalence of smoking and hypertension among the adult population of field practice area of Hi-tech Medical College. 2.To find out association between these risk factors with the socio-demographic factors of the study populations. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out for 4 months from August 2015 to November 2015. A pretested schedule was prepared containing the parameters required to identify the risk factors smoking, hypertension of CVD in the urban field practice area of Hi-tech Medical college, Bhubaneswar. Results: Out of total study participants (681), there were 332 females and 349 males. Prevalence of smoking was found to be 17.5% and that of hypertension was16.4% in my study population. Almost one third of the patients had positive family history for hypertension (35%). Statistically significant (P=0.001)association was found between hypertension with different age groups (hypertension is more common in the age group of 40-50 years in males and 50-60 years in female). Conclusion: Since high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was found in the adult population, continuous health awareness activities and health check-up must be required in the study area.
Preoperative Serum CA125 and Plasma Fibrinogen Levels as Predictors of Lymphovascular Space Invasion in Endometrial Cancer

Background: Lymphovascular space invasion has been shown to be a predictor of lymph node metastasis and decreased survival in patients with endometrial cancer. Unfortunately, LVSI status is most commonly not available until after hysterectomy at the time of preparation of the final Pathology report. Therefore; LVSI status represent additional information to be considered in decision making process regarding whether to perform lymphadenectomy or to deliver adjuvant therapy. Thus, it was important to find biomarkers to predict the risk of LVSI before surgery. Objective: To evaluate the value of serum CA125 and plasma fibrinogen for prediction of lymphovascular space invasion in women with endometrial cancer. Study Design: A prospective observational cross-sectional study. Settings: was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/ Baghdad Teaching Hospital, and Nursing Home Hospital in Medical City complex, Baghdad, Iraq, over a period of 1 year starting from the first of December 2017 to the end of November 2018. Patients and Methods: Fifty-five women with endometrial cancer undergoing surgery were included in this study. We compared the preoperative level of serum CA125 and plasma fibrinogen with postoperative histopathological report regarding LVSI, the results were statistically analyzed. Results: (16.4%) of the patients with positive lympho-vascular invasion. CA-125, Fibrinogen, were highly significantly increased in patients with positive LVSI. Sensitivity was (88.9%), specificity (95.7%), negative predictive value (95.0%), positive predictive value (91.0%),and accuracy of the test was (92.3%)when the cutoff value for CA125 was (28.75U/ml) while for plasma fibrinogen in cutoff value (317mg/dl)the sensitivity was (100.0%), specificity (95.7%),negative predictive value (100.0%), positive predictive value (95.9%) and the accuracy of the test was (97.8%) Conclusion: The preoperative assessment of serum CA 125 and plasma fibrinogen could be used to predict the LVSI in endometrial cancer.
Evolutionary Changes of the Cardiovascular System Initiated by Reduced Atmospheric O2 Gave Rise to Mammalian and Avian Endothermy

This commentary will address the salient points explored in a previous publication on the role of the red blood cell and platelet in the evolution of mammalian and avian endothermy [1], include additional concepts associated with the evolution of endothermy, and finally address future directions that may be followed in this area of research. The most simplistic definition of the terms endothermic and ectothermic is the former refers to warmblooded animals that maintain their body temperature by endogenous mechanisms while the latter refers to coldblooded animals that require external sources of heat to warm their bodies. In actuality the ability to maintain body heat is more complex for many animals categorized by these terms since some large-bodied ectotherms can maintain body temperatures by internal mechanisms and some endotherms do not maintain body temperature at selective times, such as when hibernating [2-7]. It was hypothesized that environmental pressures during the Permian/Triassic period when there was a dramatic drop in atmospheric O2 selected for vertebrates with genetic mutations that afforded the animal more efficient pathways to transport O2 to their tissues. Over millennia multiple mutations resulted in genetic and structural changes in the cardiovascular system and the cells within their blood. Structural changes included: the transition to a fourchamber heart that permitted the formation of high-pressure systemic and low-pressure pulmonary circulation [8]; greatly increased density of capillary networks and arterioles to allow for more efficient gas exchange [9]; a pulmonary/systemic differential of blood flow/pressure to enhance gas exchange in lungs; reduced red blood cell size with greater cell surface area/cell to enhance gas exchange at the tissue level, and in the case of mammals the enucleation of both red blood cells and platelets. The initial changes would have been directed by genetic mutations of genes in an ancestor common to Abstract
Participatory Practices in Open Source Educational Software - The Case of the Moodle Bug Tracker Community

The Moodle bug tracker is a boundary object that faces software developers who write and maintain Moodle's code whilst simultaneously exposing an interface to a much wider public world of ordinary Moodle users. Bugs can be fixed and new features requested by recording them in this boundary object which then tracks their progress. Such tracking has proven a powerful lure for researchers and despite much study of the phenomenon of open source bug fixing and software building, much remains to be answered. Specifically this research sought to analyse the implications of this massively distributed collaborative development process for education and educational technology (which to give it due importance, is referred to here as educational infrastructure). It examined the ways educators - who are defined inclusively as all those involved in supporting the educational enterprise - interface and contribute to the development of the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Moodle at this granular level of bug fixing. Two things happen in a successful bug resolution: it is reported and then it is fixed. Only one population is skilled and empowered to engage in the latter but, in theory, anyone can be a reporter. Here data was collected and analysed about these two types of participant. Firstly archival and statistical analysis of thousands of issues contained in the tracker database itself was undertaken. These canonical accounts of bug-fixing contributed to the design and conduct of interviews of both core participants of this community and more casual or peripheral members. A broad spectrum of community participants were interviewed from fringe and casual members to some of the key actors including Tim Hunt of the Open University, Moodle HQ members Helen Foster and Michael de Raadt and Moodle founder Martin Dougiamas. Ethnographically inspired methods were utilised in the interview analysis to uncover rich stories of actual practice that were absent from the accounts of the database itself. This led to several contributions to research being made by this thesis: a depiction of the dynamics and characteristics of an open source software community of practice dedicated to the enterprise of education; an enumeration of three complexes of factors leading to bug tracker issue resolution elicited from participants themselves; an account of particular unknown or under-reported non-canonical issue resolution factors; a model of the role of bug tracker issue mediators including the novel brokerage act of proxy issue submission and improvement; and a theory of how bug trackers are resistant to predictive models of issue resolution. These findings have implications for educational institutions reliant on VLEs and for developers of open source educational software
The Selection of Yield Response Model of Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. Aaron) to Nitrogen Fertilizer and Pig Manure Compost in Reclaimed Tidal Land Soil

In orderto interpret yield response of sugarbeet to nitrogen fertilizer, and pig manure compost in saline-sodic soil of reclaimed tidal land, 4 kinds of response model, i.e., quadratic, exponential, square root, and linear response, and plateau model, are applied. The root fresh yield of sugar beet decreased exponentially with the increase of soil EC. The root fresh yield of sugarbeet to nitrogen fertilizerwas fitted best to the linearresponse, and plateau model among 4 yield response models with highly significant determination coefficient (R 2 = 0.92**). The optimum N rate determined on the model was 138 kg N ha -1 . The root fresh yield of sugarbeet to pig manure compost was fitted best to the quadratic model among 4 yield response models with highly significant determination coefficient (R 2 =0.99**). The maximum N rate determined on the model was 9.17 ton ha -1 . In conclusion, the propermodel to interpret the yield of sugarbeet in saline-sodic soil differs with the kinds of nutrient, linearresponse, and plateau model forfertilizernitrogen, and quadratic model to pig manure compost.
Market women’s informal peacebuilding efforts in Ekumfi-Narkwa, Ghana

ABSTRACT This study examines market women’s participation in peacebuilding in the Ekumfi-Narkwa community in the Central Region of Ghana. In peacebuilding, women are often considered victims and passive targets for aid, rather than contributors to the process. Many studies and peacebuilders have neglected the critical role played by women in the informal sector in peacebuilding, especially at the local level. This study examines how local women help build everyday peace in their community through informal means. Twenty women and four men were purposively selected and interviewed. The results show that women in the informal sector draw on bonding and bridging social capital to improve peacebuilding processes in their community. Although the women studied were not well organised and did not have much formal education, they were able to contribute to peace in their community by creating and using informal social networks/bonds. We argue that women’s societal positions are aspects of social capital that make women agents of “everyday peace” who mobilise to aid informal peacebuilding efforts in the community. However, their efforts are not being recognised and supported in organising peacebuilding activities, especially during conflict.
Interaction in multicultural project-team meetings : managing the formative stages

This thesis explores how newly-formed, short-term, multicultural project teams develop ways to manage their interactions in project-team meetings. The research took place within a management integration programme at a multinational company in France. A number of models have been proposed in international business on international teamwork (e.g. small group development processes, international team life-cyles, features of internal team functioning). However, these models provide little or no detail on the interactional processes that team members experience as they move through the different stages of development. Research within applied linguistics and education, on the other hand, provides frameworks for analysing interactional processes. For example, frameworks such as ‘activity types’ and ‘communication of practice’ have posited that communication is regulated by a system of rules and norms as to the expected interpersonal and verbal behaviour. However, when new teams are forming, appropriate behavioural practices need to be created for teams to be operationally effective. Yet, little or no research has explored how this occurs within international teams. In my research I aim to fill this gap by examining the interactional processes of international teams during their formative stages. Using an ethnographic-like case-study method to examine three teams, this study explores the interaction processes that occurred as team members learned to work together, the similarities and differences in the establishment of these processes across teams and the factors that were perceived as playing an influencing role. Key findings from the research are that establishing rules and setting up roles were beneficial to teamwork, while language differences rather hindered operational effectiveness. Other factors that affected the project-team workshops across all teams appeared to be interpersonal team relations and corporate culture and values.
The effects of on-street parking on the service rate of nearby intersections

Summary An on-street parking maneuver can often start a temporary bottleneck, leading to additional delay endured by the following vehicles. If the maneuver occurs near a signalized intersection, the service rate of the intersection might be reduced. In this paper, a model is built to analyze the effects of parking maneuvers on the intersection service rate. Based on the hydrodynamic theory of traffic flow, the perturbation caused by the parking maneuver is analyzed. Using dimensional analysis, we illustrate the relation between the background conditions, the distance from the parking area to the intersection, and the intersection service rate. Based on this relation, one can compute the service rate reduction caused by existing on-street parking areas. A minimum distance between the parking area and the intersection to avoid such reduction can be accordingly found. Numerical examples based on empirical data from the city of Zurich, Switzerland, are provided to illustrate the practical applications. Although the analysis is based on streets with a single lane per direction, the findings can provide some insights regarding different situations. We hope such findings can be used as a basis for developing on-street parking design guidelines. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY FOR THE EFFECT OF APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELD IN GROWTH OF CDTE SINGLE CRYSTALS BY THE TRAVEL HEATER METHOD

A numerical simulation study was carried out for the growth of CdTe crystals by the Travelling Heater Method to examine the effects of applied stationary and rotating magnetic fields, and also small non-uniformities in the stationary magnetic field. A strong stationary field is applied to suppress the natural convection in the solution zone, and a small but rotating magnetic field is considered for better mixing in the horizontal plane. The spatial distribution of the stationary field is almost uniform before the furnace and the growth system are lowered into the magnet opening. However, the field uniformity may be altered by the presence of the growth system. In order to determine the effect of such field non-uniformities, small magnetic body force components are considered in the model. Results show that higher stationary field levels are better in suppressing convection in the solution, but enhance the compositional non-uniformity in the solution. Small but unintentional non-uniformities in the stationary magnetic field also enhance compositional non-uniformity. A rotating magnetic field, on the other hand, is beneficial for mixing in the horizontal plane, and reduces the compositional non-uniformity in the solution. Mixing is enhanced at higher rotating magnetic field frequencies. Growth of binary and ternary alloy semiconductors such as GaSb, CdTe, CdZnTe, and InGaSb by the Travelling Heater Method (THM) is of significant technological interest. Due to high temperature gradients used in THM, strong convection in the liquid zone adversely affects the quality of grown crystals. The application of an external stationary magnetic field is an option to suppress the convective flow in the liquid zone. An external magnetic field aligned perfectly with the axis of the growth cell gives rise to a magnetic body force in the radial direction that balances the gravitational body force, and consequently suppresses the convective flow. The objective of the present article is to examine numerically the effects of the applied stationary and rotating magnetic fields on the fluid flow structures of the liquid zone in THM growth. The binary system of CdTe was selected in the numerical model. Cadmium telluride (CdTe) single crystals are being used for a variety of applications, including electro-optic modulators, prisms, Gamma ray detectors, and also as substrates for growth of ternary layers. For example, due to their good optical performance across a wide range of temperatures and adequate mechanical robustness, slices of CdTe single crystals have been used as substrates for far
Pervious Concrete Pavement

Pervious concrete pavement is an environmentally friendly, sustainable paving material for low-volume, low-speed applications. Pervious concrete has been used in warm climates extensively, but its use in freeze–thaw climates has been limited. The Centre for Pavement and Transportation Technology at the University of Waterloo and the Cement Association of Canada, Portland Cement Association, and local Canadian ready-mix producers have partnered to carry out a Canada-wide study to evaluate the performance of pervious concrete. Three test sections have been constructed to date with more planned for the future. The current test sections are located in southern Ontario and southern British Columbia. They are designed to represent all aspects of pervious concrete including but not limited to materials, design mixtures, structural design, potential applications, fresh and cured properties, permeability, environmental strain, filtration capabilities, and maintenance needs and options. A surface distress evaluation form has been developed with information gathered from two of the test areas as well as a literature review. Two test areas have experienced a winter season and showed minimal surface distresses and maintained permeability. Permeability testing is carried out regularly to track changes as well as to evaluate effects of winter maintenance. Instrumentation has been installed at the test areas to track moisture movement throughout the structure, strain caused by environmental conditions, and the filtering capabilities of pervious concrete. The results of this project will be instrumental in understanding the performance and behavior of pervious concrete in the Canadian climate.
The projectile GRAM SAASM for ERGM and Excalibur

The Army and the Navy are each developing a GPS guided projectile. The Navy is developing the Extended Range Guided Munition (ERGM), a projectile for a 5" deck-gun. The Army is developing the XM982, now renamed the Excalibur, a projectile for 155-mm platforms such as Crusader and Palladin. These projectiles are to be guided in-flight by a GPS aligned inertial measurement unit (IMU). The distinction between a "guided projectile" and other guided munitions is that a projectile receives most or all of its motive force from a powder charge in a gun barrel. This places the first of a series of severe requirements on the projectile GPS receiver. It must be gun-hardened to survive the shock of gunfire. The range of a projectile, compared to a motor-driven munition, is limited. This means short flight times and requires very fast initial acquisition. High jamming conditions are expected since these are tactical weapons used in a battlefield environment. Collectively, the projectile GPS receiver must have very fast direct-Y acquisition capability that can operate in a high jamming environment. It must also be tightly coupled with the guidance IMU to enhance jammer tolerance during track. The projectile GPS Receiver Application Module (GRAM) must be equipped with a Selective Availability/Anti-Spoof Module (SAASM) for battlefield security. It must draw minimal power to conserve limited on-board battery capacity. Finally and foremost, these guided projectiles must be manufactured in high quantities. The recurring cost of the GPS guidance is a major consideration. This paper describes IEC's latest GPS receiver offering that is designed specifically to satisfy these projectile application requirements. The direct-Y acquisition issues, including acquisition correlator and reference oscillator considerations are discussed. The jammer tolerance features and how they interact with acquisition and track are described. The SAASM design is described and the complete GRAM SAASM is described and illustrated.
Lattice Boltzmann simulation of droplet behaviour in microfluidic devices

We developed a lattice Boltzmann model to investigate the droplet dynamics in microfluidic devices. In our model, a stress-free boundary condition was proposed to conserve the total mass of flow system and improve the numerical stability for flows with low Reynolds number. The model was extensively validated by the benchmark cases including the Laplace's law, the static contact angles at solid surface, and the droplet deformation and breakup under simple shear flow. We applied our model to study the effects of the Pelcect number, the Capillary number and wettability on droplet formation. The results showed that the Peclet number has little effect on droplet size though it slightly affects the time of droplet formation. In the creeping flow regime, the Capillary number plays a dominating role in the droplet generation process. Wettability of fluids affects the position of droplet detachment, the droplet shape and size, and its impact becomes more significant when the Capillary number decreases. We also found that the hydrophobic surface generally can produce smaller droplet.