Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Progressive Resistance Training Program Characteristics in Rehabilitation Programs Following Hip Fracture: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression

Introduction: Older adults often experience incomplete recovery after a hip fracture. Rehabilitation programs with progressive resistance training are associated with improved functional recovery. This systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression a) evaluated resistance training characteristics reported in hip fracture rehabilitation programs, b) performed meta-analysis of resistance training impact on strength (primary outcome), gait and physical activity (secondary outcomes), and c) explored resistance training program characteristics associated with improved outcomes using meta-regression. Materials and Methods: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHLPLUS, and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched (January2000–February2021). Randomized controlled trials including progressive resistance training rehabilitation programs after hip fracture surgery in adults ≥50 years old were included. Meta-analyses and exploratory meta-regression were performed. Results: Meta-analysis showed significant increases in strength (10 trials-728 participants; Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) [95%CI]; . 40 [. 02, . 78]) immediately following program completion in intervention relative to control participants. Meta-analysis on 5 trials (n = 384) with extended follow up found no significant group differences (SMD = .47 [-.28, 1.23]) in strength. Center-based relative to home-based programs were associated with significantly greater improvements in strength (P < .05) as were programs where resistance training intensity was prescribed using one-repetition maximum relative to other exercise prescription methods (P < .05). In gait meta-analysis (n = 10 trials-704 participants), gait speed in intervention participants immediately after the program was significantly higher than control (SMD = .42 [.08, .76]) but this finding was not maintained in extended follow-up (n = 5 trials-240 participants; SMD = .6 [-.26, .38]). Higher resistance training intensity was associated with significant improvements in gait speed (P < .05). No meta-analysis was performed for the 3 heterogeneous studies reporting physical activity. Discussion: Progressive resistance training improved muscle strength and gait speed after hip fracture surgery in adults ≥50years old immediately after the program ended, but the longer-term impact may be more limited. Conclusions: Higher resistance training intensity and center-based programs may be associated with more improvement, but require further research.
Clinical Regression of High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Is Associated With Absence of FAM19A4/miR124-2 DNA Methylation (CONCERVE Study)

PURPOSE Cervical screening can prevent cancer by detection and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 (CIN2/3). Screening also results in considerable overtreatment because many CIN2/3 lesions show spontaneous regression when left untreated. In this multicenter longitudinal cohort study of women with untreated CIN2/3, the prognostic value of FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation was evaluated for clinical regression. PATIENTS AND METHODS Women with CIN2/3 were prospectively followed for 24 months. Surgical excision was replaced by a wait-and-see policy. FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation was evaluated on all clinician-collected samples and self-collected samples collected at baseline. Every 6 months, human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and cytology were conducted on a clinician-collected sample, and a colposcopic examination was performed by a gynecologist to exclude progression. At the final study visit, two biopsies were taken. Clinical regression was defined as histologically confirmed absence of CIN2+ or an HPV-negative clinician-collected sample with normal cytology. Regression incidences were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS One hundred fourteen women (median age, 30 years; range, 20-53 years) were included, 80 of whom were diagnosed with CIN2 and 34 with CIN3. During the study, 65.8% of women (75/114) did not receive surgical treatment. Women with a negative FAM19A4/miR124-2 result on the baseline clinician-collected sample showed more clinical regression (74.7%) than women with a positive methylation result (51.4%, P = .013). Regression in women with a negative FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation test was highest when cytology was atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (88.4%) or HPV16 was negative (85.1%). CONCLUSION Most women with untreated CIN2/3 and a negative baseline FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation test showed clinical regression. Methylation, in combination with cytology or HPV genotyping, can be used to support a wait-and-see policy in women with CIN2/3.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Santos/São Vicente Preconditioning Station for an Oceanic Submarine Outfall

The efficiency of solids removal and the resultant effect on submarine outfall performance of the sewage preconditioning station of Santos and Sao Vicente cities are evaluated. Emphasis is given to the removal of floatable materials that could emerge on the water surface. It was found that most floatables are disaggregated in the pumping process, thus changing their floating properties. The efficiency of the removal of floating materials by the milliscreens of size of openings 1.5 mm is about 70%; of the remaining floatables that are pumped to the submarine outfall, only about 50% appear on the water surface. The removal efficiencies for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and suspended and settleable solids are much lower than those seen with milliscreens with smaller openings.
Association Between the Use of Psychotropic Medications and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection Among Long-term Inpatients With Serious Mental Illness in a New York State–wide Psychiatric Hospital System

Key Points Question Is psychotropic medication use associated with differences in the risk of COVID-19 infection among adults with serious mental illness? Findings In this cohort study of 1958 inpatients with serious mental illness in a statewide psychiatric hospital system, the use of second-generation antipsychotic medications was associated with a decreased risk of COVID-19 infection; the largest association was observed with the use of paliperidone. Valproic acid use was associated with an increased risk of infection. Meaning These results suggest that individual psychotropic medications are associated with differential risks of COVID-19 infection among patients with serious mental illness.
Associations between abundances of free‐roaming gamebirds and common buzzards Buteo buteo are not driven by consumption of gamebirds in the buzzard breeding season

Abstract Releasing gamebirds in large numbers for sport shooting may directly or indirectly influence the abundance, distribution and population dynamics of native wildlife. The abundances of generalist predators have been positively associated with the abundance of gamebirds. These relationships have implications for prey populations, with the potential for indirect impacts of gamebird releases on wider biodiversity. To understand the basis of these associations, we investigated variation in territory size, prey provisioning to chicks, and breeding success of common buzzards Buteo buteo, and associations with variation in the abundances of free‐roaming gamebirds, primarily pheasants Phasianus colchicus, and of rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus and field voles Microtus agrestis, as important prey for buzzards. The relative abundance of gamebirds, but not those of rabbits or voles, was weakly but positively correlated with our index of buzzard territory size. Gamebirds were rarely brought to the nest. Rabbits and voles, and not gamebirds, were provisioned to chicks in proportion to their relative abundance. The number of buzzard chicks increased with provisioning rates of rabbits, in terms of both provisioning frequency and biomass, but not with provisioning rates for gamebirds or voles. Associations between the abundances of buzzards and gamebirds may not be a consequence of the greater availability of gamebirds as prey during the buzzard breeding season. Instead, the association may arise either from habitat or predator management leading to higher densities of alternative prey (in this instance, rabbits), or from greater availability of gamebirds as prey or carrion during the autumn and winter shooting season. The interactions between gamebird releases and associated practices of predator control and shooting itself require better understanding to more effectively intervene in any one aspect of this complex social‐ecological system.
The human insula processes both modality-independent and pain-selective learning signals

Prediction errors (PEs) are generated when there are differences between an expected and an actual event or sensory input. The insula is a key brain region involved in pain processing, and studies have shown that the insula encodes the magnitude of an unexpected outcome (unsigned PEs). In addition to signaling this general magnitude information, PEs can give specific information on the direction of this deviation—i.e., whether an event is better or worse than expected. It is unclear whether the unsigned PE responses in the insula are selective for pain or reflective of a more general processing of aversive events irrespective of modality. It is also unknown whether the insula can process signed PEs at all. Understanding these specific mechanisms has implications for understanding how pain is processed in the brain in both health and in chronic pain conditions. In this study, 47 participants learned associations between 2 conditioned stimuli (CS) with 4 unconditioned stimuli (US; painful heat or loud sound, of one low and one high intensity each) while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and skin conductance response (SCR) measurements. We demonstrate that activation in the anterior insula correlated with unsigned intensity PEs, irrespective of modality, indicating an unspecific aversive surprise signal. Conversely, signed intensity PE signals were modality specific, with signed PEs following pain but not sound located in the dorsal posterior insula, an area implicated in pain intensity processing. Previous studies have identified abnormal insula function and abnormal learning as potential causes of pain chronification. Our findings link these results and suggest that a misrepresentation of learning relevant PEs in the insular cortex may serve as an underlying factor in chronic pain.
Reclassification of previously diagnosed GPA patients using the 2022 ACR/EULAR classification criteria.

OBJECTIVES This study applied the 2022 criteria for granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) proposed by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) (the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria) to Korean patients with previously diagnosed GPA to investigate the number of patients who could be reclassified as having GPA. METHODS Sixty-five patients with GPA, who met the 2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides and the 2007 European Medicines Agency algorithm for GPA, were included in this study. They were reclassified based on the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria. RESULTS Of the 65 patients, 48 patients (73.8%) were reclassified as having GPA. A patient could not be reclassified as having GPA if the patient did not have a total score of 5 despite granulomas on biopsy or clear GPA surrogate markers. Among the 17 patients unclassified as having GPA, 16 patients were reclassified as having MPA and one as having unclassifiable vasculitis, and furthermore, 94.1% of them harboured myeloperoxidase (MPO)-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) (or perinuclear (P)-ANCA). CONCLUSION The concordance rate between the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria for GPA and the previous criteria in patients with previously diagnosed GPA was 73.8%. Although the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria are the product of the most advanced methodologic process, it should be noted that there were some consequences of distorting the CHCC definition, and further discussion is required, especially with respect to the weightage of the items.
Wnt5a-mediated autophagy promotes radiation resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Wnt signaling pathways and autophagy play an essential role in tumor progression. Canonical Wnt signaling pathways in radiation resistance have been studied in the past, but it remains unclear whether the noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways can affect tumor radiation resistance through protective autophagy. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a particular subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, relies on radiation therapy. In this study, we found that radioactive rays could significantly promote the expression of Wnt noncanonical signaling pathways ligands in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, among which Wnt5A was the most markedly altered. We have demonstrated that Wnt5a can reduce the radiation sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro and in vitro experiments. Meanwhile, we found much more greater autophagosomes in overexpressed-Wnt5A nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by electron microscopy. Further mechanism exploration revealed that Beclin1 is the main target of Wnt5A, and knocking down Beclin1 can partially reduce Wnt5a-induced radiation resistance. By studying Wnt5A-mediated protective autophagy in promoting radiation resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, we hope that the Wnt5A and Beclin1 can become effective targets for overcoming radiation resistance in the future.
Effects of Exercise Training Intensity and Duration on Skeletal Muscle Capillarization in Healthy Subjects: A Meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effect of intensity and duration of continuous and interval exercise training on capillarization in skeletal muscle of healthy adults. Methods PubMed and Web of Science were searched from inception to June 2021. Eligibility criteria for studies were endurance exercise training >2 wk in healthy adults, and the capillary to fiber ratio (C:F) and/or capillary density (CD) reported. Meta-analyses were performed, and subsequent subgroup analyses were conducted by the characteristics of participants and training scheme. Results Fifty-seven trials from 38 studies were included (10%/90%, athletic/sedentary). C:F was measured in 391 subjects from 47 trials, whereas CD was measured in 428 subjects from 50 trials. Exercise training increased C:F (mean difference, 0.33 (95% confidence interval, 0.30–0.37)) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 45.08%) and CD (mean difference, 49.8 (36.9–62.6) capillaries per millimeter squared) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 68.82%). Compared with low-intensity training (<50% of maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max)), 21% higher relative change in C:F was observed after continuous moderate-intensity training (50%–80% of V̇O2max) and 54% higher change after interval training with high intensity (80%–100% of V̇O2max) in sedentary subjects. The magnitude of capillary growth was not dependent on training intervention duration. In already trained subjects, no additional increase in capillarization was observed with various types of training. Conclusions In sedentary subjects, continuous moderate-intensity training and interval training with high intensity lead to increases in capillarization, whereas low-intensity training has less effect. Within the time frame studied, no effect on capillarization was established regarding training duration in sedentary subjects. The meta-analysis highlights the need for further studies in athlete groups to discern if increased capillarization can be obtained, and if so, which combination is optimal (time vs intensity).
From dementia mindsets to emotions and behaviors: Predicting person-centered care in care professionals

Background and Objective High-quality care standards for dementia care are increasingly based on person-centered care principles. To better understand facilitating factors of person-centered care this research focuses on individual characteristics of care professionals. Applying mindset theory to dementia care, we examined dementia mindsets (viewing dementia symptoms as either malleable or fixed) in care professionals. We tested whether there is a positive relationship between a malleable dementia mindset and person-centered care as well as a negative relationship between a fixed dementia mindset and person-centered care. Moreover, we examined whether care professionals’ emotional responses in care situations help explain associations between dementia mindsets and person-centered care. Research Design and Method In two cross-sectional studies, care professionals of long-term care facilities (total N = 370) completed a measure of dementia mindsets and reported their emotional and behavioral responses to five care scenarios. Regression and mediation analyses were performed. Findings The tested hypotheses were partially supported. A fixed dementia mindset predicted reported person-centered care negatively, while a malleable dementia mindset did not. Mediation analyses suggest that reduced negative emotions may underlie the association between a malleable mindset and reported person-centered care, while reduced positive emotions in care situations may underlie the association of a fixed mindset and reported person-centered care. Study 2 partially replicated these findings. A fixed mindset and positive emotional responses were the most robust predictors of reported person-centered care. Discussion and Implications This study extends knowledge on facilitators (positive emotional responses to care situations) and barriers (fixed dementia mindset) to person-centered care in care professionals working with persons with dementia. We discuss how dementia mindsets and emotional responses to care situations may be a fruitful target for trainings for care professionals.
Population genetic structure of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids among school-aged children in Côte d’Ivoire

While population genetics of Schistosoma haematobium have been investigated in West Africa, only scant data are available from Côte d’Ivoire. The purpose of this study was to analyze both genetic variability and genetic structure among S. haematobium populations and to quantify the frequency of S. haematobium × S. bovis hybrids in school-aged children in different parts of Côte d’Ivoire. Urine samples were subjected to a filtration method and examined microscopically for Schistosoma eggs in four sites in the western and southern parts of Côte d’Ivoire. A total of 2692 miracidia were collected individually and stored on Whatman® FTA cards. Of these, 2561 miracidia were successfully genotyped for species and hybrid identification using rapid diagnostic multiplex mitochondrial cox1 PCR and PCR Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the nuclear ITS2 region. From 2164 miracidia, 1966 (90.9%) were successfully genotyped using at least 10 nuclear microsatellite loci to investigate genetic diversity and population structure. Significant differences were found between sites in all genetic diversity indices and genotypic differentiation was observed between the site in the West and the three sites in the East. Analysis at the infrapopulation level revealed clustering of parasite genotypes within individual children, particularly in Duekoué (West) and Sikensi (East). Of the six possible cox1-ITS2 genetic profiles obtained from miracidia, S. bovis cox1 × S. haematobium ITS2 (42.0%) was the most commonly observed in the populations. We identified only 15 miracidia (0.7%) with an S. bovis cox1 × S. bovis ITS2 genotype. Our study provides new insights into the population genetics of S. haematobium and S. haematobium × S. bovis hybrids in humans in Côte d’Ivoire and we advocate for researching hybrid schistosomes in animals such as rodents and cattle in Côte d’Ivoire.
Exploring Real Estate Students’ Learning Approaches, Reflective Thinking and Academic Performance

Within educational research, the student learning approaches and reflective thinking are increasingly being recognised as cognitive factors in the prediction of student academic performance in higher education. From this theoretical perspective this study reports the results of a study involving real estate students using the Revised Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F), developed recently by Biggs et al. (2001) and the Reflective Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ) developed by Kember et al. (2000) to investigate their learning approaches – deep and surface -, the four stages of reflective thinking and academic performance in one of the core real estate modules (property valuation).
BAP1 and Claudin-4, But Not MTAP, Reliably Distinguish Borderline and Low-grade Serous Ovarian Tumors From Peritoneal Mesothelioma

Peritoneal mesothelioma (PM) and serous neoplasms can be difficult to differentiate, particularly in small biopsies. BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is expressed in benign tissues, but over 50% of PMs demonstrate complete loss of nuclear expression. Claudin-4, a tight junction protein, is expressed in most epithelial tumors but not in mesotheliomas. Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is frequently co-deleted with cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2a in mesotheliomas. These markers have proven useful in separating mesothelioma from its mimics, particularly when tumors are pleural based. In the peritoneum, BAP1 loss has been rarely reported in high-grade serous carcinomas, but overall, these markers have been minimally evaluated in ovarian serous borderline tumors and low-grade serous carcinomas. Thus, we assessed the utility of BAP1, claudin-4, and MTAP in the differential diagnosis of PM and low-grade serous neoplasms. Eighteen PM (16 epithelioid, 1 biphasic, and 1 sarcomatous), 24 low-grade serous carcinomas, and 25 serous borderline tumors were stained for BAP1, claudin-4, and MTAP. Loss of BAP1 nuclear expression was observed in 12 (67%) PM (11 epithelioid, 1 biphasic) but was retained in all serous tumors. Claudin-4 was positive in all serous tumors and negative in all PM. Complete loss of cytoplasmic MTAP was noted in 3 (17%) PMs and 1 (4%) serous borderline tumor, while all low-grade serous carcinomas showed retained expression. BAP1 loss reliably distinguishes PM from serous tumors, although it lacks sensitivity. Claudin-4 is a reliable marker to exclude PM. MTAP loss may occur in both PM and serous tumors, and thus is not useful in distinguishing these entities.