Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence Mapping and Quality Analysis of Systematic Reviews on Various Aspects Related to Cleft Lip and Palate

Background: Management of cleft lip and palate is interdisciplinary. An evidence-mapping approach was envisaged to highlight the existing gaps in this field, using only the highest level of evidence. Objectives: To conduct evidence mapping and quality analysis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to any aspect of cleft lip and palate. Search Methods: The cleft lip and palate field was divided into 9 domains and 50 subdomains and a method of categorization of systematic reviews was established. A comprehensive search strategy was carried out in seven databases along with the search of gray literature and references of included articles. Selection criteria: Systematic reviews related to any aspect of cleft lip and palate, conducted by a minimum of two reviewers, with a comprehensive search strategy and adequate quality analysis were included. Data collection and analysis: A self-designed, pre-piloted data-extraction sheet was used to collect information that was analyzed through an expert group discussion. Quality analysis was performed using ROBIS-I, AMSTAR 2, and the PRISMA checklist. Results: A total of 144 systematic reviews published between 2008 and 2022 were included. The largest number of these could be categorized in the therapeutic domain (n = 58). A total of 27% of the studies were categorized as inconclusive, 40% as partially conclusive, and 33% as conclusive. As per ROBIS-I, 77% of reviews had high risk of bias while 58% were graded as critically low in quality as per AMSTAR 2. The majority of systematic reviews showed low reporting errors. Conclusions: The majority of systematic reviews related to cleft lip and palate relate to therapeutic and prognostic domains and show high risk of bias and critically low quality regardless of the source journal. The results of this paper might serve as a starting point encouraging authors to carry out high-quality research where evidence is lacking. Registration: A multidisciplinary expert-group formulated an a priori protocol, registered in Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/NQDV2).
Characterisation and development of histopathological lesions in a guinea pig model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a very significant infectious disease worldwide. New vaccines and therapies are needed, even more crucially with the increase of multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Preclinical animal models are very valuable for the development of these new disease control strategies. Guinea pigs are one of the best models of TB, sharing many features with the pathology observed in human TB. Here we describe the development of TB lesions in a guinea pig model of infection. We characterise the granulomatous lesions in four developmental stages (I–IV), using histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques to study macrophages, T cells, B cells and granulocytes. The granulomas in the guinea pigs start as aggregations of macrophages and few heterophils, evolving to larger lesions showing central caseous necrosis with mineralisation and abundant acid-fast bacilli, surrounded by a rim of macrophages and lymphocytes in the outer layers of the granuloma. Multinucleated giant cells are very rare and fibrotic capsules are not formed in this animal model.
Occurrence of drugs and endocrine disruptors in the filters washing water from a water treatment plant in Belém (PA), Brazil

The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence of 24 drugs and endocrine disruptors in the filters washing water from the Bolonha Water Treatment Plant in Belém, State of Pará, Brazil, since these residues are often released into water courses. The correlation of these microcontaminants with physicochemical and biological characteristics investigated in the studied matrix was also evaluated. For the research, six sampling campaigns were carried out during the rainy season and six in the dry season. The compounds determination was performed by solid phase extraction and chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, gas chromatography for Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, 4-Nonylphenol, 4-Octylphenol, Bisphenol A, Gemfibrozil, Estrone, Estradiol, Ethinylestradiol, and Estriol, and in liquid phase for the other compounds. The compounds detected at higher concentrations than the others were Losartan (5.5 to 738.7 ng/L) and Bisphenol A (20.9 to 518.9 ng/L), also with the highest frequency. Multivariate analyzes showed that drugs and endocrine disruptors were more positively related to each other and to turbidity during the rainy season, with emphasis on 4-Octylphenol, Bisphenol A, Losartan and Loratadine, results that strengthen the hypothesis of precipitation’s influence on the variables studied.
The linkages between trade, financial openness, and economic growth in China: an ARDL-bound test approach

ABSTRACT This research examines the linkages between trade, financial openness, and economic growth in China from 1992 to 2021, using Granger causality analysis in the ECM model to identify the trend of a causal relationship between the variables. The results confirm the validity of export-led growth and the supply-leading hypotheses in China. Moreover, China’s broad money is output-oriented, and the significance of exports to China’s economy is supported by the influence of real income and imports caused by exports. Lastly, the research highlights that domestic credit expansion by the banking industry stimulates global trade growth; however, import changes cause broad money fluctuations. Policymakers can utilize these findings to identify the trend of the growth and development of the trade and financial industry of the economy, as there is substantial proof that a meaningful relationship is occurring between economic growth, trade, and the financial development sectors of the economy.
Pulmonary arterial embolization of an Amplatzer™ vascular plug after patent ductus arteriosus closure in a 12-year- old patient

Currently, the primary approach for treating patent ductus arterio-sus (PDA) is an alternative non-surgical strategy. Various devices are used for transcatheter closure of PDA. However, the embolization of these percutaneous devices is a rare yet severe complication. In this case, a 12-year-old girl underwent a successful attempt to close her PDA using an Amplatzer device. At the next morning echocardiography control, the device was found to be dislodged and migrated to the right pulmonary artery.
Lonely No More: Investigating the Connection between Family Health, Social Support, and Well-being in Chinese “Empty Nest Youth”

: Background: The phenomenon of "empty nest youth" is becoming increasingly ubiquitous, capturing the attention of society at large. However, few studies have been conducted in recent years on this group, especially focusing on their family and mental health. As such, this study investigates the correlation between family health and well-being among "empty nest youth," as well as the function of social support and loneliness in this relationship. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to August 2022 across 32 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China, utilizing a multi-stage sampling technique. And we screened individuals who were unmarried, living alone, and between 22-44 years old, resulting in a valid sample size of 908 cases; multiple regression analysis, mediation effect testing, and moderation effect testing are used to examine research hypotheses. Results: The regression analysis results show that family health not only has a direct impact on well-being ( β = 0.36, p < 0.001) but also indirectly affects well-being through social support [ β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.19 0.28]. Additionally, the loneliness moderates the predictive impact of not only family health on social support ( β = -0.13, p < 0.001) but also social support on well-being ( β = -0.06, p < 0.001). Conclusions: These findings underscore the significance of directing policymakers and healthcare professionals towards the "empty nest youth's" familial and social support systems. It underscores the need for the development of policies aimed at addressing their emotional and material requirements by leveraging these familial and social networks. This approach ultimately contributes to the enhancement of their overall psychological well-being, promoting a more coherent and logical pathway for intervention and support.
Impact of Replacing Soft Drinks with Dairy Products on Micronutrient Intakes of Chinese Preschool Children: A Simulation Study

At present, energy surplus and micronutrient deficiency coexist in preschool children in China. The low intake of dairy products accompanied by an increased consumption of soft drinks in this age group reveals some of the reasons for this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the improvement of key micronutrients in preschool children by quantifying the dietary nutritional gap before and after simulating the use of dairy products instead of equal amounts of soft drinks. In the cross-sectional dietary intake survey of infants and young children in China (2018–2019), 676 preschool children aged 3–6 years were randomly selected. Four days of dietary data were collected through an online diary for simulation. The individual intake of soft drinks was substituted at a corresponding volume by soymilk, cow’s milk, or formulated milk powder for preschool children (FMP-PSC). In these three models, the simulated nutrient intake and nutrient inadequacy or surplus were compared with the actual baseline data of the survey. The results of this study indicated that all three models made the nutrient intakes of this group more in line with the recommendations. For the whole population, the replacement of soymilk improved the intake of zinc (from 4.80 to 4.85 mg/d), potassium (from 824.26 to 836.82 mg/d), vitamin A (from 211.57 to 213.92 μg retinol activity equivalent/d), and vitamin B9 (from 115.94 to 122.79 μg dietary folate equivalent/d); the simulation of cow’s milk improved the intake of calcium (from 311.82 to 330.85 mg/d), zinc (from 4.80 to 4.87 mg/d), potassium (from 824.26 to 833.62 mg/d), vitamin A (from 211.57 to 215.12 μg retinol activity equivalent/d), vitamin B2 (from 0.53 to 0.54 mg/d), and vitamin B12 (from 1.63 to 1.67 μg/d); and the substitution of FMP-PSC improved the intake of calcium (from 311.82 to 332.32 mg/d), iron (from 9.91 to 9.36 mg/d), zinc (from 4.80 to 4.96 mg/d), potassium (from 824.26 to 828.71 mg/d), vitamin A (from 211.57 to 217.93 μg retinol activity equivalent/d), vitamin B2 (from 0.53 to 0.54 mg/d), vitamin B9 (from 115.94 to 118.80 μg RA dietary folate equivalent/d), and vitamin B12 (from 1.63 to 1.70 μg/d). Therefore, correct nutritional information should be provided to parents and preschool children. In addition to changing the consumption behavior of soft drinks, it is also necessary to have a diversified and balanced diet. When necessary, the use of food ingredients or nutritional fortifiers can be encouraged.
Influence of Hydroxyl-Terminated Hyperbranched Polymer and Coupling Agent on the Performance of SF/PLA Composites

ABSTRACT Herein, a hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HPN) with abundant terminal hydroxyl groups was employed to modify straw-plastic composites and studied the effect of HPN concentration on straw fiber reinforced polylactic acid (SF/PLA). Silane coupling agent (CA) was used to improve the interfacial compatibility between SF, HPN and PLA matrix. The mechanical strength, thermal properties and water resistance of different SF/PLA composites were tested and analyzed. When the concentration of HPN is 6%, the HPN-SF/PLA has the best mechanical strength index. HPN modification, CA modification and the combination of both have positive effect on improving mechanical performance. Compared with the UN-SF/PLA, the tensile, flexural and impact strength of HPN+CA-SF/PLA composites were increased by 24.7%,16.6% and 10.8%, respectively. The crystallinity of SF/PLA treated with HPN, CA, and their combination increased from 28% to 29.4%, 36.9%, and 42.3%, respectively. However, low melting point of HPN caused a decrease in the Tg, Tm, Tc, Td5% and Tdmax of SF/PLA. These characteristic temperatures can be enhanced by adding CA for co-modification. In addition, the three modified approach were able to enhance the water resistance of SF/PLA composites due to the reduction of the number of hydroxyl groups on the SF surface and the enhancement of the interfacial bonding properties.
Monosaccharide composition of marine particles and sediments from the bering sea and northern north pacific

RESUME Eiichiro TANOUE *, Nobuhiko HANDA Water Research Institute, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464, Japan. * Present address: the Graduate School.of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657, Japan. ** To whom correspondence should be addressed. Received 3/2/86, in revised form 13/5/86, accepted 1/7/86, Phytoplankton, suspended particles, sinking particles and bottom sediments were collected from the Bering Sea and northern North Pacifie. These samples were analyzed for neutral monosaccharides by gas chromatography after acid hydrolysis. Several distinctive features of monosaccharide composition of these marine samples were discerned: 1) Glucose was the most abundant monosaccharide in most of the marine samples and accounted for more than 70% of total particulate carbohydrate, especially in the suspended particles from deep waters. --:= 2) Relative abundances of fucose, rhamnose, ribose, arabinose and galactose in the suspended particles decreased with depth, resulting in only trace amounts of fucose, rhamnose and ribose in the suspended particles from deep waters. 3) Monosaccharide composition of the sinking particles is essentially similar to those of the phytoplankton and suspended particles of the surface waters collected at the site where the sediment trap experiment was conducted. However, no extensive increment of glucose abundance with no decrements of deoxyhexoses, sorne pentoses and galactose abundances were evident throughout the sinking particles collected from the surface to deep waters. 4) Increased relative abundances of fucose, rhamnose and galactose were found in the bottom sediments as compared with those of the sinking particles and the suspended particles from deep waters. The fate of carbohydrates during particles sedimentation is discussed on the bases of deoxyhexoses, pentoses and hexoses (DPH) composition, and hexoses composition of phytoplanktons, suspended particles, sinking particles and bottom sediments, indicating that sinking particles exclusively play an important role to transport carbohydrate from the surface to the deep waters and deep ocean floor. These processes must be extremely favorable to the biological organisms inhabiting in the deep waters and
Extending the chronology for Blombos Cave, South Africa: Further evidence for the origins of modern human behaviour

Behavioural modernity, however defined, is considered to be the key distinctive feature separating Homo sapiens from earlier hominid lineages. While the fossil and genetic records imply that modern human morphology evolved in Africa between 250 and 150 thousand years (ka) ago, there is currently no unification regarding the timing or geographical origins of modern human behaviour (MHB). An increasing body of evidence suggests modern behaviour was present during the African Middle Stone Age (MSA). Defining the origins of MHB requires accurate and precise chronologies of when they first emerged. Blombos Cave in South Africa has yielded a collection of well-preserved cultural material from within the MSA layers. These include bone tools, shell beads, engraved ochre slabs and an assemblage of stone artefacts which are believed to represent a dynamic tool industry, the Still Bay (SB). More recently, ochre containers which may contain evidence for the ingredients used to produce paint, have been found in the lower layers of the cave, along with a tool kit, such as bone spatulas, that suggest an even earlier origin of MHB. The likely symbolic significance of these artefacts implies cognitive sophistication of MSA hominids and modern human behaviour previously only asserted in LSA people. Examination of both sediments and anthropogenic deposits within the MSA levels have allowed the MSA layers of Blombos Cave to be subdivided into separate phases and layers. Each of these has been systematically dated in this study using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating techniques. The improved temporal resolution of this site contributes to the debates regarding the key mechanisms behind the emergence of MHB. Two leading theories regarding the emergence of MHB include: 1) environmental change, and 2) demographic change. OSL ages of sediments associated with these MSA levels suggest the SB industry occurred between 70 and 80 ka ago, with the other symbolic behaviours being recognised at ~110 ka. Such ages imply that MHB was present in southern Africa during the MSA and that it occurred sporadically, possibly as an outcome of increased human population and environmental conditions that were happening concurrently.
Quantitative Analysis for Lung Disease on Thin-Section CT

Thin-section computed tomography (CT) is widely employed not only for assessing morphology but also for evaluating respiratory function. Three-dimensional images obtained from thin-section CT provide precise measurements of lung, airway, and vessel volumes. These volumetric indices are correlated with traditional pulmonary function tests (PFT). CT also generates lung histograms. The volume ratio of areas with low and high attenuation correlates with PFT results. These quantitative image analyses have been utilized to investigate the early stages and disease progression of diffuse lung diseases, leading to the development of novel concepts such as pre-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (pre-COPD) and interstitial lung abnormalities. Quantitative analysis proved particularly valuable during the COVID-19 pandemic when clinical evaluations were limited. In this review, we introduce CT analysis methods and explore their clinical applications in the context of various lung diseases. We also highlight technological advances, including images with matrices of 1024 × 1024 and slice thicknesses of 0.25 mm, which enhance the accuracy of these analyses.
Effect of Firm Characteristics on Timeliness of Corporate Internet Financial Reporting of Malawi Public Firms

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the impact of firm characteristics on the timeliness of corporate internet financial reporting in Malawi. The research is a quantitative study, guided by the post-positivist philosophy and a deductive approach. Content analysis of secondary data was done through a disclosure index on corporate internet financial reports. Regression analysis was performed to find the impact of firm characteristics variables (leverage, size, and profitability) on the dependant variable timeliness of corporate internet reporting. The study focused on 50 companies, comprising of 13 listed companies on the Malawi Stock Exchange and 37 limited companies that are not listed using their industry sector. The study found out that 86% of the sampled listed and non-listed companies had a corporate website. Of these, 24% are engaged in internet financial reporting which signifies a low level of internet financial reporting in Malawi. In addition, the researchers found out that of those presenting financial reports on their website, the lag time is more thus making the information not to be timely presented to the stakeholders.
Effect of Concentrations of Nutrient Solutions in Aeroponic and Drip Irrigation Systems on the Growth of Touki, Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa

eTouki•f, plants, Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa, are usually cultivated in soil, under which its yield and root quality are unstable. Although fertilizer application exerts a substantial impact on yield, the optimal level has not been known for the cultivation in soil. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the growth of Touki plants with different concentrations of nutrient solution in aeroponic and drip irrigation systems. Four nutrient concentrations, i.e.,100%, 200%, 50%, and 25% of the standard nutrient solution (•gEnshi•hformula) were tested:. In the aeroponic system, where a mist of nutrient solution was sprayed around suspended roots of the plants, the plants were grown from March 15 to June 6, 2005. In the drip irrigation system the plants were grown from May 2 to July 25, 2006. In the aeroponic system, the values of the growth parameters of the Touki plants at 12 weeks after transplanting were higher in the order of 100% > 50% > 200% > 25% of the standard solution. In the drip irrigation system the growth parameters were higher in the order of 100% > 200% > 50% > 25% of the standard solution. The •gEnshi•h nutrient solution of 100% was optimal for the growth of the Touki plants in both systems. The plant growth, especially root growth, was more vigorous in the aeroponic system than in the drip irrigation system. In the drip irrigation system, however, the root/shoot ratio and root C/N ratio were higher, and the development of secondary roots was stimulated. As the secondary roots of Touki plants are mainly used as raw materials for medicine in Viet Nam, the drip irrigation system is recommendable as an advanced culture system.
Taurine and N-acetylcysteine reverse reproductive and neuroendocrine dysfunctions in levetiracetam-treated epileptic male rats

ABSTRACT Reproductive neuroendocrine dysfunction is becoming common among patients with epilepsy, Notably, possible indication of taurine and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the management of reproductive impairment has increased over the years. However, scientific evidence to supplement our understanding of the impact of taurine and NAC in protecting reproductive neuroendocrine cells is lacking. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the possible effects of taurine and NAC on levetiracetam-induced reproductive neuroendocrine dysfunction in epileptic rats. The study was done in two experimental protocols: drug alone and reversal. In the drug-alone protocol, rats in groups 1–6 received treatment orally for 21 days, respectively. In the reversal-protocol, the animals in group 1, received saline (2.5 mL/kg) and served as normal control, while epilepsy was induced in animals in groups 2–5, after which groups 3–5 received levetiracetam (150 mg/kg), levetiracetam (150 mg/kg) + NAC (100 mg/kg), levetiracetam (150 mg/kg) + taurine (150 mg/kg) respectively for 14 days. Pilocarpine alone or in combination with levetiracetam significantly decreased neuro-endocrine related factors, hormonal profile, and spermatogenesis, whereas treatment with NAC and taurine reversed the effects induced by pilocarpinethrough neuro-endocrine-related factors and hormonal modulation mechanism.