Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic Effects in Estonian Spontaneous Speech

Recent evidence indicates that a word’s paradigmatic neighbors affect production. However, these findings have mostly been obtained in careful laboratory settings using words in isolation, and thus ignoring potential effects that may arise from the syntagmatic context, which is typically present in spontaneous speech. The current corpus analysis investigates paradigmatic and syntagmatic effects in Estonian spontaneous speech. Following work on English, we focus on the duration of inflected and uninflected word-final /-s/ in content words, while simultaneously investigating whole words. Our analyses reveal three points. First, we find an effect of realized inflectional paradigm size, such that smaller paradigms actively used by the speakers lead to longer durations. Second, higher conditional probability is associated with shorter word forms and shorter segments. Finally, we do not directly replicate previous work on effects of inflectional status as in English word-final /-s/. Instead, we find that inflectional status interacts with conditional probability. We discuss the results in light of models of speech production and how they account for morphologically complex words and their paradigmatic neighbors.
Thermodynamic cycle optimization for pyroelectric energy conversion in the thin film regime

Pyroelectric energy conversion is both simulated and realized on thin film lead zirconate titanate capacitors. The thermodynamics of the energy conversion cycle were explored, and the performance of the Brayton cycle was compared with the conventional Ericsson pyroelectric cycle. Cycle performance was examined using coefficients extracted from measured isothermal polarization hysteresis loops. It was found that the Brayton cycle is slightly more efficient than the Ericsson cycle over the range of temperatures tested and has significant efficiency improvements with increasing pyroelectric coefficients. The results from actual energy conversion cycles differed slightly from simulated performance, confirming the known challenges with synchronizing pyroelectric cycles with realistic thermal excitation. Finally, a one‐dimensional thermal transient model is used to explore the power conversion potential of thin film pyroelectrics. It is shown that the Brayton cycle has a significant performance advantage over the Ericsson cycle at higher operating frequencies. A power density of 8 mW/cm3 was obtained using the Brayton cycle for a thin film system at about 60 °C with an applied field of 5 V and stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peripheral Inflammatory Parameters in Patients with Antisocial Personality Disorder.

Introduction The aim of the study was to examine the peripheral inflammatory parameters in patients with Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) including white blood cell levels, red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), basophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (BLR) by comparing with those of healthy controls. Methods 48 patients diagnosed with APD and a matched healthy control group of 52 individuals were included in our study. Venous blood samples were taken from the participants in the fasting state and at approximately the same time of the day. Socio-demographic data sheet, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI) were applied to all of the participants. Results RDW and basophil cell levels were found significantly higher in the patients than the controls (p=0.005, p=0.038 respectively). BLR was found significantly higher in the participants with alcohol use than those without alcohol use (p=0.016). No significant difference in other laboratory parameters was found between the patient group and the control group. Scores of BDI, BAI, BIS-11, motor impulsivity subscale and physical aggression, anger, hostility and verbal aggression subscales of BDHI, and the total score of BDHI were significantly higher in patients than controls (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.003, p=0.001, p<0.001 respectively). A positive correlation was determined between the scale scores and the RDW, basophil, monocyte, lymphocyte levels among the laboratory parameters, and a negative correlation was determined between the MPV levels and the depression and impulsivity levels. Conclusion The results of our study suggested that inflammation might play a role in the etiopathogenesis of APD. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between the severity of symptoms and some inflammatory parameter levels such as RDW and basophil in APD patients.
Wireless Monitoring of Displacement Using Spiral Resonators

A distance sensor based on a spiral resonator (SR) label printed on a dielectric substrate and remotely interrogated through a small loop antenna acting as reader is presented. The proposed system is working at a single frequency (856.5 MHz) and could be compliant with conventional RFID readers. The measurement of distance is carried out by observing the magnitude variation of the response at resonance, namely the real part of the input impedance of the probing loop. Indeed, the latter response changes as a function of the distance between the tag and the loop due to the variation of mutual coupling between the pair. The proposed sensor is capable of providing estimates of the distance with high resolution within the specified range of operation. The results also show that the sensitivity of the sensor, which is quantified by the change of input impedance over distance, decreases at large displacements, eventually reaching a saturation point which defines the maximum detectable distance. The sensing principle is verified using simulations and measurements. It is also demonstrated that the maximum readable distance is comparable to the size of the SR. Finally, the effect of lateral displacement was investigated experimentally to demonstrate how the sensor performs in conditions where perfect axial alignment cannot be guaranteed. Thanks to its scalability potential, the proposed sensor is suitable for various practical scenarios.
Intra- and interbreed genetic heterogeneity and divergence in four commercial pig breeds based on microsatellite markers

In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of attention paid to the genetic health of domesticated animals and its relationship with the level of inbreeding and genetic diversity. At the same time, insufficient attention is still paid to the study of intrabreed genetic diversity and intrabreed stratification. The main goal of our work was to analyze the intra- and interbreed genetic diversity of commercial pig breeds on the basis of DNA microsatellite (MS-DNA) polymorphism. In total, the work used data for 3,308 pigs, which represented 11 herds. The animals belonged to four commercial pig breeds – Duroc (DR), Yorkshire (YR), Landrace (LN) and Large White (LW). 12 microsatellite loci recommended by ISAG-FAO and arranged in one multiplex panel (S0101, S0155, S0228, S0355, S0386, SW24, SW240, SW72, SW857, SW911, SW936, SW951) were used as DNA markers. When analyzing the intra- and interbreed variability of 11 herds, we found that all studied breeds significantly differed in terms of the proportion of both rare and the most common alleles. At the same time, the noted differences were determined, first of all, by the variability between individual herds within their breed. The location of herd centroids is random and is not consistent with their breed affiliation at all. When individuals belonging to the same breed are combined, the centroids of pig breeds in the space of first two axes from a Principal Coordinate Analysis form two clusters. The first one contains the only red pig breed (DR) used in the analysis, while the second one contains white pig breeds. In six pig herds the Ne estimates were below 50 inds. , in two herds they were in the range of 50–100 inds. , and finally in three herds the Ne estimates exceeded 100 inds. The analysis of the genetic variability of pigs of four commercial breeds showed that the high level of interbreed differences is caused, first of all, by the high variability among pig herds within each studied breed. Such intrabreed stratification can be formed due to the manifestation of many causes: different genetic basis of the founders of intrabreed genealogical groups, geographical isolation, different directions of selection within individual herds, exchange of animals between separate herds, the use of inbreeding in the practice of selection together with isolation, etc. Important consequences of intrabreed stratification are an increase in the level of interherd diversity (which is not lower than the level of interbreed diversity) against the background of a decrease in variability within individual herds, as well as a significant deficit of heterozygotes and an increase in the role of negative genetic and demographic processes. Thus, the existence of genetic heterogeneity within commercial pig breeds should be considered as an essential element in the history of their formation and breeding.
The Effectiveness of Physical Therapy Following Neck Dissection: A Meta-Analysis

Purpose: Head and neck cancers (HNC) have high predilection of cervical lymph node metastases resulting in patients undergoing neck dissection (ND). Due to post-operative shoulder morbidity risks from ND, physical therapy (PT) has been used to address those complications, though studies are limited in demonstrating its efficacy. This study aims to evaluate the effects of PT on measures of shoulder pain and disability, quality of life, and shoulder mobility of patients that underwent ND as part of treatment for HNC. Methods: Literature search was performed by two authors independently. Studies assessing effects of PT for HNC patients treated with ND were evaluated. Primary outcomes and measurements were Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII), and active shoulder abduction (ASA) in degrees. Results: 108 patients from 3 studies. Effectiveness of PT on shoulder pain and disability, quality of life, and shoulder mobility were evaluated by SPADI, NDII, and ASA respectively. Pooled analyses of intervention (structured PT) versus control (standard, self-directed PT) mean differences (MD) for SPADI (MD=-8.13, 95% CI [-14.06, -2.12], p=0.007) and ASA (MD=24.74, 95% CI [6.71,42.76], p=0.007) favoured intervention, while NDII (MD=6.74, 95% CI [-2.55,16.03], p=0.16) favoured neither. Conclusions: Rigorous therapy appears to provide greater benefits for shoulder pain, disability, and mobility. Further studies are warranted to characterize programs offering maximal support for this cohort of patients. Implications for Cancer Survivors: Suggests that cancer survivors should be more aggressive towards physical therapy to improve shoulder function and pain after undergoing ND.
Molecular composition of urban organic aerosols on clear and hazy days in Beijing: a comparative study using FT-ICR MS

Environmental context China has been experiencing severe particulate pollution and frequent haze episodes in recent years. We compare the molecular composition of urban organic aerosols on clear and hazy days in Beijing by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The comparative study shows that oxidation, sulfation and nitrification processes actively involve precursors of anthropogenic origin in the Beijing polluted urban atmosphere. Abstract Haze has frequently affected many cities and threatened human health in China. Detailed knowledge of the chemical composition of secondary organic aerosol provides fundamental information in the study of the formation mechanism of haze and its adverse effects on human health. In our work, dichloromethane and water extracts of ambient aerosols collected on hazy and clear days in Beijing were characterised by negative-ion electrospray ionisation and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Formulae in four elemental compositional groups, namely CHOS, CHONS, CHO and CHON, were identified relying on the ultrahigh resolution and mass accuracy of FT-ICR MS. Significantly more compounds were detected and the peaks were much more intense in the hazy day samples, especially for the CHOS, CHONS and CHON formula groups. Organosulfates (OS) and nitrooxy-organosulfates (nitrooxy OS) were the major forms of CHOS and CHONS formulae respectively, and their numbers more than tripled on the hazy days. Under the severely polluted conditions in Beijing, the compositional distribution of the OS and nitrooxy OS exhibited distinct features such as intense peaks of low double-bond equivalent (DBE) (DBE=0, 1 for OS and DBE=1, 2 for nitrooxy OS) and low degree oxidation, of medium DBE (DBE=2, 3 for OS and DBE=3, 4 for nitrooxy OS), and of high DBE (DBE ≥ 4 for OS and DBE ≥ 5 for nitrooxy OS). The likely respective candidates for these could be aliphatic OS having a low degree of oxidation, biogenic OS and many aromatics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-derived OS. The CHON formulae observed on hazy days were double those on clear days and had higher DBE values and larger O/N ratios. Slightly more CHO compounds were detected in the hazy-day samples and they had higher DBE values and more oxygen atoms. The comparative study suggests that oxidation, sulfation and nitrification processes actively involve precursors of anthropogenic origin in the Beijing polluted urban atmosphere.
A Study on the Effects of Facial Expression Enhancement Using a Movable Ear-Type Device Linked to Eyebrows Using Facial Expression Analysis

: Nonverbal information can be used to convey emotions. In some cases, we can read emotions from changes in the other person’s facial expressions. However, the facial expression is not transmitted to other people in some cases. To address this issue, a glasses-type device with pseudo eyebrows that change eyebrow’s thickness and angle was used in the previous research to facilitate the transmission of emotions to others. The device is charging type and cannot be used easily and cannot work for one day. In this study, we use “SUGO-MIMI,” a lightweight device that does not require a power source to extend facial expressions by eyebrow movements. The SUGO-MIMI extends the eyebrow movements by connecting the eyebrows to thin plates imitating cat ears attached to the headband with wires and linking the eyebrows’ movement to the plates. The eyebrow movement is extended. Thus, the emotions of joy, anger, and sorrow can be emphasized. As a result of analyzing the facial expressions of the subjects that watch videos of a person who wears the SUGO-MIMI using the Microsoft Face API, we obtained that the SUGO-MIMI can amplify some emotions and that women tended to have more positive impressions of the SUGO-MIMI than men.
In-Route Pin Access-Driven Placement Refinement for Improved Detailed Routing Convergence

Pin access is increasingly important in advanced nodes. Neighboring or cell-boundary pins can have degraded pin accessibility, causing design rule violations (DRCs) during routing, which are runtime expensive to resolve. Conventional physical design tool flow uses pessimistic and/or inaccurate understanding of pin access during the placement stage and keeps the location of cells fixed during routing. This can leave pin access issues unsolvable and block further routing solution improvement. The timeliness of our present work is confirmed by the recent ICCAD-2020 CAD Contest, Problem B formulation from Synopsys, Inc. (Hu and Yang, 2020). The organizers give a succinct motivation for what we study—to eliminate preserved margins and misalignment issues from conventional placement models. In this work, we develop an in-route, pin access-driven local placement refinement. Experiments across industry designs in a wide range of advanced technology nodes confirm that our optimization can significantly improve routing convergence (i.e., subsequent detailed routing runtime and initial detailed routing DRCs). Our optimization can reduce congestion and wirelength without timing degradation.
Ideology shapes trust in scientists and attitudes towards vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic

This paper investigates the influence of ideology on trust in scientists. We assume that during a pandemic, ideology is linked to levels of trust in scientists such that those espousing left- (vs. right-) wing beliefs trust the scientific profession more. We posit that the negative perception of scientists, a feature of right-wing narratives in the country of study, underlies this effect. Additionally, we argue that ideology has an indirect impact, via levels of trust in scientists, on beliefs and attitudes towards vaccines and vaccine policy. To test these hypotheses, we conducted three studies (N = 1,155): one prepandemic study and two studies during a pandemic. The results confirmed the hypotheses; however, we observed varied effects at the outset of the pandemic versus later stages. The findings contribute to the ongoing discussion around the ideological underpinnings of trust in scientists and carry implications for public health measures.
Prevalence of Anesthesia Complications in Orthopedic Surgeries and its Related Factors

Background: The duration of surgery in orthopedic surgeries is often longer than one hour. Therefore, these patients are at further risk of complications induced by general anesthesia. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of anesthesia complications in orthopedic surgeries and its related factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 400 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan Province, Iran, in 2020. The study subjects were recruited by convenience sampling method. We included those who similarly underwent general anesthesia for elective surgery and were transferred to Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). The research instruments included a demographic questionnaire and a checklist for recording complications (shivering, pain, nausea, vomiting, & vital signs). The necessary data were recorded after the patient was admitted to the PACU, as well as half an hour and one hour later. The obtained data were analyzed using the Chi-squared test, Independent Samples t-test, one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation coefficient, and logistic regression analysis in SPSS v. 16. Results: The present research results suggested that the most and least frequent complications were vomiting (91.8%) and changes in blood pressure (5%), respectively. Gender was significantly associated with pain, nausea, and hypertension (P<0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficient data indicated a significant relationship between the duration of anesthesia and the mean scores of shivering, pain, nausea, tachycardia, and tachypnea (P<0.05). There was also a significant relationship between the types of surgery and shivering, pain, blood pressure, and nausea (P<0.05). Pulse rate was significantly associated with complete intravenous anesthesia and the duration of anesthesia (P<0.05). Conclusion: The relatively high incidence of post-anesthesia complications in orthopedic surgeries indicates the significance of employing skilled personnel as well as using adequate monitoring equipment at the PACU. Such measures help to decrease mortality and morbidity among patients, also save on hospital costs.
Sustainability Initiatives and Collaborative Practices: A Study of Emerging Economy Suppliers

Abstract This paper analyses how collaborative practices influence sustainability initiatives and the relational rents of Brazilian coffee companies supplying global supply chains (GSC)s. Multi-case study data was collected via interviews and documentary analysis and examined using the relational view theoretical lens. The results indicate that collaborative practices lead to significant improvements within the supplier’s sustainability initiatives and consequently within their processes related to the exportation of goods. Thus this study suggests that collaborative practices generate important relational rents in GSCs (for example through relationship-specific assets) and are important facilitators of sustainability for emerging economy suppliers.
Application and performance of Kestrel sensors for assessing thermal comfort in outdoor built environments

<p>In face of climate change and urbanization, the need for thermally comfortable outdoor urban spaces is increasing. In the design of the thermally comfortable urban spaces and decision making about interventions that enhance thermal comfort, scientists and professionals that work for cities use meteorological measurements and models. These measurements can be done by professional and accurate meteorological sensors, but also by simpler mobile instruments such as the easy-to-use Kestrel weather meters. In using these simple type of sensors, it is important to know what the performance of these sensors is for outdoor thermal comfort assessments and how they can be used by scientists and professionals in decision making about urban designs that enhance thermal comfort. </p><p>To answer these questions, we carried out three experiments in the summer of 2020 in Amsterdam, in which we tested the 11 Kestrel 5400 heat stress sensors and assessed the performance of this equipment for thermal comfort studies. We concluded that Kestrel sensors can be used very well for assessing differences in air temperature and PET (Physiological Equivalent Temperature) between outdoor built environments. For both air temperature and PET, the RMSE between the 11 Kestrel sensors was 0.5 &#176;C maximum when measuring the same conditions. However, Kestrel sensors that were placed in the sun without a wind vane mounted to the equipment showed large radiation errors. In this case, temperature differences up to 3.4 &#176;C were observed compared to Kestrels that were shaded. The effect of a higher air temperature on the PET calculation is, however, surprisingly small. A sensitivity analysis showed that an increase of 3 &#176;C in the air temperature results in a maximal PET reduction of 0.5 &#176;C. We concluded that Kestrel sensors can very well be used for assessing differences between air temperatures and PET between two locations and assessing the thermal effects of urban designs, but care should be taken when air temperature measurements are carried out in the sun. We always recommend using the wind vanes to deviate from high radiant input orientations for the temperature sensor, and placing the stations next to each other at the beginning and at the end of the measurements to check whether the stations actually measure the same values. Any differences can be corrected afterwards. </p>
A prospective study to evaluate the role of maternal thrombocytopenia on maternal and fetal outcome

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is a very common finding in pregnancy, occurring in approximately 10% neonates. Out of 104 babies, 4(3.84%) intrauterine death were occurred and 18(17.30%) babies were premature. Mean hospital stay of the women was 5.01±4.25 days. In mild category, mean hospital stay was 4.75±3.89 days, in moderate it was 5±4.18 days and in severe in severe, it was 6.71±0.677 days (p >0.05). Conclusion: Present study c oncluded that early interdisciplinary evaluation of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy is required for optimal care of mother and the neonate as risk varies greatly depending on cause of thrombocytopenia. Accurate etiological diagnosis is essential for optimal therapeutic management and timely monitoring of platelet count is mandatory.