Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Micro-CT evaluation of bone grow concept of an implant with microstructured backtaper crestally and sub-crestally placed. Preliminary study in New Zealand rabbits tibia at one month

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as a novel tool for the 3D analysis of bone density around dental implants in tibia rabbits. Six male New Zealand rabbits were used in our evaluation. One Copa SKY® (Bredent Medical GmbH & Co. K.G.) with a 3.5 mm diameter by 8.0 mm in length was placed within 12 tibia rabbits divided into two experimental groups: Group A (crestal placement) and Group B (sub-crestal placement). The animals were sacrificed at four weeks. Micro-CT evaluations showed a high amount of bone around all implants in the tibia rabbit bone. There was an increased formation of bone around the Copa SKY implants, mainly in the implants that were placed crestally. The most frequent density found in most implants was a medullary bone formation surrounding the implant; the density three (D3) was the most common type in all implants. The 3D model analysis revealed a mean bone volume (B.V.) of 31.24 ± 1.24% in crestal implants compared with the 43.12 ± 0.43% in sub-crestal implants. The mean actual contact implant to bone (B.I.C.) in the sub-crestal group was 51.76 ± 0.86%, compared to the 42.63 ± 0.75% in the crestal group. Compared to crestal implants, the Copa Sky implant placed sub-crestally allows for the formation of bone on top of the neck, thereby stimulating bone growth in tibia rabbits.
Chalcogen-Varied Imidazolone Derivatives as Antibiotic Resistance Breakers in Staphylococcus aureus Strains

In this study, a search for new therapeutic agents that may improve the antibacterial activity of conventional antibiotics and help to successfully overcome methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections has been conducted. The purpose of this work was to extend the scope of our preliminary studies and to evaluate the adjuvant potency of new derivatives in a set of S. aureus clinical isolates. The study confirmed the high efficacy of piperazine derivatives of 5-arylideneimidazol-4-one (7–9) tested previously, and it enabled the authors to identify even more efficient modulators of bacterial resistance among new analogs. The greatest capacity to enhance oxacillin activity was determined for 1-benzhydrylpiperazine 5-spirofluorenehydantoin derivative (13) which, at concentrations as low as 0.0625 mM, restores the effectiveness of β-lactam antibiotics against MRSA strains. In silico studies showed that the probable mechanism of action of 13 is related to the binding of the molecule with the allosteric site of PBP2a. Interestingly, thiazole derivatives tested were shown to act as both oxacillin and erythromycin conjugators in S. aureus isolates, suggesting a complex mode of action (i.e., influence on the Msr(A) efflux pump). This high enhancer activity indicates the high potential of imidazolones to become commercially available antibiotic adjuvants.
Ruthenium(II)-Arene Curcuminoid Complexes as Photosensitizer Agents for Antineoplastic and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: In Vitro and In Vivo Insights

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an anticancer/antibacterial strategy in which photosensitizers (PSs), light, and molecular oxygen generate reactive oxygen species and induce cell death. PDT presents greater selectivity towards tumor cells than conventional chemotherapy; however, PSs have limitations that have prompted the search for new molecules featuring more favorable chemical–physical characteristics. Curcumin and its derivatives have been used in PDT. However, low water solubility, rapid metabolism, interference with other drugs, and low stability limit curcumin use. Chemical modifications have been proposed to improve curcumin activity, and metal-based PSs, especially ruthenium(II) complexes, have attracted considerable attention. This study aimed to characterize six Ru(II)-arene curcuminoids for anticancer and/or antibacterial PDT. The hydrophilicity, photodegradation rates, and singlet oxygen generation of the compounds were evaluated. The photodynamic effects on human colorectal cancer cell lines were also assessed, along with the ability of the compounds to induce ROS production, apoptotic, necrotic, and/or autophagic cell death. Overall, our encouraging results indicate that the Ru(II)-arene curcuminoid derivatives are worthy of further investigation and could represent an interesting option for cancer PDT. Additionally, the lack of significant in vivo toxicity on the larvae of Galleria mellonella is an important finding. Finally, the photoantimicrobial activity of HCurc I against Gram-positive bacteria is indeed promising.
Triassic hydrocarbon potential in the Northern Barents Sea; integrating Svalbard and stratigraphic core data

The Triassic to Middle Jurassic succession is a main target for exploration in the southern Barents Sea, where it has been explored for more than three decades. In the Norwegian part of the northern Barents Sea, the Triassic succession is quite important as the Jurassic is absent or thin, with incomplete stratigraphy, in large areas. The knowledge of the northern Barents Sea is limited since it is not yet opened for petroleum activity. However, by comparing extrapolations from the southern Barents Sea and onshore exposed strata from Svalbard with non-commercial seismic and stratigraphic cores in the northern Barents Sea, it is possible to suggest interpretations in this area. Triassic oil-prone source rocks were first deposited in the southernmost Barents Shelf and have sourced several hydrocarbon traps, e.g. the Kobbe Formation reservoirs of the Goliat field. In the Svalis Dome area these source rocks (the Steinkobbe Formation) were established at least as early as in latest Olenekian (late Spathian) and span the entire Anisian. In the northern Barents Sea and on central and eastern Svalbard the correlative organic rich shales of the Botneheia Formation were deposited throughout the Anisian and Ladinian. Triassic reservoir rocks were also first established in the southernmost Barents Shelf, in the Anisian, when the coastal sandstones of the regressive Kobbe Formation were deposited. The regressive trend continued during the deposition of the Snadd Formation from the Ladinian time close to the Norwegian mainland and in the Svalis Dome and Sentralbanken High areas. The prograding deltaic sediments of the Snadd Formation first reached the northernmost Barents Sea (off Kong Karls Land) and Svalbard in the Carnian. These regressive sandstones represent the main reservoir potential in large areas of the Barents Sea as seen by seismic interpretation. This evolution is favorable for Triassic play models with Lower and Middle Triassic source rocks of the Steinkobbe and Botneheia formations overlain by paralic sandstones of the Kobbe, Snadd and De Geerdalen formations.
Recurrent Somatic Copy Number Alterations and Their Association with Oncogene Expression Levels in High-Grade Ovarian Serous Carcinoma

Somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) are frequently observed in high-grade ovarian serous carcinoma (HGOSC). However, their impact on gene expression levels has not been systematically assessed. In this study, we explored the relationship between recurrent SCNA and gene expression using The Cancer Genome Atlas Pan Cancer dataset (OSC, TCGA, PanCancer Atlas) to identify cancer-related genes in HGOSC. We then investigated any association between highly correlated cancer genes and clinicopathological parameters, including age of diagnosis, disease stage, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). A total of 772 genes with recurrent SCNAs were observed. SCNA and mRNA expression levels were highly correlated for 274 genes; 24 genes were classified as a Tier 1 gene in the Cancer Gene Census in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (CGC-COSMIC). Of these, 11 Tier 1 genes had highly correlated SCNA and mRNA expression levels: TBL1XR1, PIK3CA, UBR5, EIF3E, RAD21, EXT1, RECQL4, KRAS, PRKACA, BRD4, and TPM4. There was no association between gene amplification and disease stage or PFS. EIF3E, RAD21, and EXT1 were more frequently amplified in younger patients, specifically those under the age of 55 years. Patients with tumors carrying PRKACA, BRD4, or TPM4 amplification were associated with a significantly shorter OS. RECQL4 amplification was more frequent in younger patients, and tumors with this amplification were associated with a significantly better OS.
Enhancing Interpretation of Cetacean Acoustic Monitoring: Investigating Factors that Influence Vocalization Patterns of Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins in an Urbanized Estuary, Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, USA

The Charleston Harbor in South Carolina (SC)is a major port that experiences high levels of vessel traffic. Historical analyses of coastal bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus, now Tursiops erebennus) sightings identified multiple core use areas in the harbor that overlap with these anthropogenic activities. Informed by these long-term spatial data, passive acoustic monitoring, visual surveys, and prey sampling were conducted from December 2017 to June 2019 to assess the relationships and multivariate interactions that may influence dolphin vocalization patterns. Vocalizations varied spatially and temporally, peaking in fall and winter months coinciding with decreases in water temperature and daylight hours, following patterns previously reported in other SC estuaries. Dolphin prey and total fish abundance decreased with water temperature, which may indicate that dolphins echolocate and whistle more frequently in the winter months when prey are scarce and sound-producing species are less soniferous. Dolphin sightings and vocalizations were highly correlated. Dolphin occurrence was highest in the areas surrounding the confluence of the Cooper and Wando Rivers, along the shipping channel, where vessel and sound-producing fish detections were greatest. When vessel noise occurred, dolphins increased their vocalizations, which suggests that this population may be modifying its acoustic repertoire in response to increased noise levels. Multivariate interactions indicate strong spatial and seasonal patterns in vocalization rates that may be associated with dolphin and prey abundance as well as noise-induced redundancy.
Control of alligator weed with herbicides: A review

Alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. ) is a widespread weed that is difficult to control. Despite many published accounts relating to its control there is no published review on herbicide control of alligator weed. This paper describes the biology and impacts of alligator weed and the efficacy of herbicides and herbicide-based control programs used against it.
CARBONIFEROUS AND PERMIAN FORAMINIFERA FROM THE HENGDUAN MOUNTAIN REGION

abstract The present paper deals with the Carboniferous and Permian foraminiferal fossils mainly collected from the Hengduan Mountain Region, i.e.eastern part of the Xizang Autonomous Region and western parts of Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. A total of 30 genera and 65 species are described and figured in this paper. Among them 8 species are new.
Hormonal Content and Gene Expression during Olive Fruit Growth and Ripening

The cultivated olive (Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea var. europaea) is one of the most valuable fruit trees worldwide. However, the hormonal mechanisms underlying the fruit growth and ripening in olives remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we investigated the physiological and hormonal changes, by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS), as well as the expression patterns of hormone-related genes, using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, during fruit growth and ripening in two olive cultivars, ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Picual’, with contrasting fruit size and shape as well as fruit ripening duration. Hormonal profiling revealed that olive fruit growth involves a lowering of auxin (IAA), cytokinin (CKs), and jasmonic acid (JA) levels as well as a rise in salicylic acid (SA) levels from the endocarp lignification to the onset of fruit ripening in both cultivars. During olive fruit ripening, both abscisic acid (ABA) and anthocyanin levels rose, while JA levels fell, and SA levels showed no significant changes in either cultivar. By contrast, differential accumulation patterns of gibberellins (GAs) were found between the two cultivars during olive fruit growth and ripening. GA1 was not detected at either stage of fruit development in ‘Arbequina’, revealing a specific association between the GA1 and ‘Picual’, the cultivar with large sized, elongated, and fast-ripening fruit. Moreover, ABA may play a central role in regulating olive fruit ripening through transcriptional regulation of key ABA metabolism genes, whereas the IAA, CK, and GA levels and/or responsiveness differ between olive cultivars during olive fruit ripening. Taken together, the results indicate that the relative absence or presence of endogenous GA1 is associated with differences in fruit morphology and size as well as in the ripening duration in olives. Such detailed knowledge may be of help to design new strategies for effective manipulation of olive fruit size as well as ripening duration.
A Review of Endosymbiont-Assisted Reproductive Isolation and Speciation

Abstract Changes in the genome of an organism can cause changes in phenotype. Its phenotype can then determine how well-suited the organism is to its environment. The hologenome concept expands this view by suggesting instead, that it is not only the host genome at play in natural selection, but also the genome of endosymbiotic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, and fungi) associated with their hosts. The concept is an area of growing interest. It directs the study of biology from an individual-centric approach to one that is more community-centric. This approach opens more opportunities to carefully examine host-community interactions and strategies to ensure a balance between counterparts. However, more intriguing is the potential that the hologenome concept may provide a glimpse into the biological mechanisms of speciation. This paper is a literature review presenting cases in endosymbiont interactions that affect reproductive competence of host and hence, may be an important mechanism of speciation.
Sound velocity in deep sea sediments

In this study, data were obtained from 42 late Pleistocene to Recent deep-sea cores taken in the North Atlantic and Caribbean. The relationships previously found for velocity versus porosity and for velocity versus median diameter were found to hold for our data. Deviations from these relationships were caused by the following: (1) high percentage biogenic content that yielded a high porosity for any given median diameter and a resultant lower velocity; (2) the presence of particular minerals that did not seem to behave as independent grains but rather as a gel, exhibiting a very low velocity; (3) poorly sorted sediments that, depending on their component modes, seemed to result in both elevated and reduced velocities. As a consequence, the relationship of velocity to porosity and to median diameter is more clearly defined, and the variations exhibited by atypical materials are explained.
Causal Adversarial Autoencoder for Disentangled SAR Image Representation and Few-Shot Target Recognition

Lack of interpretability and weak generalization ability have become the major challenges with data-driven intelligent synthetic aperture radar-automatic target recognition (SAR-ATR) technology, especially in practical applications with azimuth-sparse training samples. A novel insight into SAR image representation with neural networks from a causal perspective is presented in this article. First, a causal model of SAR image representation conditioned on disentangled semantic factors is proposed. A set of SAR images is considered as a low-dimensional manifold, which is controlled by three semantic factors, namely, intrinsics, diversity, and randomness. A causal adversarial autoencoder (CAE) for SAR-ATR is then proposed to embody this disentangled representation, which incorporates a number of novel built-in network features. A physically reasonable cyclic high-frequency information-based embedding (CHE) method is proposed for azimuth encoding, which ensures the uniformity, continuity, periodicity, and distinctiveness of angle. A symmetrically conditional encoding (SCE) module is established to constrain the semantic consistency of low-dimensional features. Besides, a hybrid loss function is designed, which is composed of latent adversarial loss, reconstruction loss, and task-oriented losses. Both representation and generalization abilities are thoroughly evaluated through qualitative visualization and quantitative comparison experiments on the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) and FUSAR-Ship datasets. Experimental results demonstrate superior representation ability for the disentangled properties via angle interpolation and target transformation of SAR images. Using only 12 samples per class, the proposed CAE can achieve an accuracy of 93.1% for the ten-target SAR-ATR classification task.
Genomic delineation and description of species and within-species lineages in the genus Pantoea

As the name of the genus Pantoea (“of all sorts and sources”) suggests, this genus includes bacteria with a wide range of provenances, including plants, animals, soils, components of the water cycle, and humans. Some members of the genus are pathogenic to plants, and some are suspected to be opportunistic human pathogens; while others are used as microbial pesticides or show promise in biotechnological applications. During its taxonomic history, the genus and its species have seen many revisions. However, evolutionary and comparative genomics studies have started to provide a solid foundation for a more stable taxonomy. To move further toward this goal, we have built a 2,509-gene core genome tree of 437 public genome sequences representing the currently known diversity of the genus Pantoea. Clades were evaluated for being evolutionarily and ecologically significant by determining bootstrap support, gene content differences, and recent recombination events. These results were then integrated with genome metadata, published literature, descriptions of named species with standing in nomenclature, and circumscriptions of yet-unnamed species clusters, 15 of which we assigned names under the nascent SeqCode. Finally, genome-based circumscriptions and descriptions of each species and each significant genetic lineage within species were uploaded to the LINbase Web server so that newly sequenced genomes of isolates belonging to any of these groups could be precisely and accurately identified.
Prevalence of dental midline shifting among 7- to 15-year-old children in Babylon/Iraq

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental midline shifting in a group of children with mixed dentition aged 7–15 years in Babylon/Iraq and assess the association between different variables including gender, age stages, residency, and Angle's classes of malocclusions with midline shifting. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A total of 300 dentate children aged 7–15 years (119 males and 131 females) were randomly chosen from children who visited the Department of Orthodontics, Pedodontics, and Prevention at the College of Dentistry/University of Babylon. The participants were from various environmental areas (162 urban and 88 rural area subjects). The dental midline shifting evaluation includes verifying the maxillary and mandibular dental midline positions with respect to the facial midline, taking philtrum as a guide. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 for Windows was used for data analyses using Pearson's Chi-square tests. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: More than half of the total sample had dental midline shifting (55.66%), which was relatively more prevalent in the mandible than in the maxilla. The prevalence of dental midline shifting was more common in females (31.3%), subjects over the age of 12 years (20%), and subjects from urban areas (37%). The midline deviation was more frequent in Angle's class I (34%) and class II (13%) malocclusion than in Angle's class III malocclusion (9%) with statistically significant differences (P = 0.028). 63.47% of the sample had midline shifts of 2 mm or more. CONCLUSIONS: About half of the studied sample showed a maxillary–mandibular dental midline shift. The dental midline shift is more commonly noticed in females and children over 12 years old. A statistically significant difference was found between the shift of the dental midline and Angle's classes of malocclusions, with class I having the greatest midline shift.
Direct Experience of Nature as a Predictor of Environmentally Responsible Behaviors

A small but growing body of literature suggests that outdoor experiences during childhood affect environment-related behaviors in adulthood. However, research on the magnitude of the effect (effect size) of outdoor experience on learners’ behaviors remains scarce. In this study, we explored the extent to which outdoor experiences are associated with environmentally responsible behaviors. Our sample consisted of 143 ninth- and tenth-grade students living on a Greek island. The data were collected using a properly adjusted environmental literacy instrument. Two different methodological pathways, i.e., a quasi-experimental approach and correlation analysis, were used to analyze the data. A tentative variable representing the frequency and intensity of students’ experiential contact with nature was found to be the strongest available predictor of their self-reported pro-environmental behaviors. The findings of this study support the significance of outdoor, experiential learning during childhood in shaping individuals’ environmental behaviors.
Development and Evaluation of a Meal Partner Robot Platform

Eating with others enriches our lives and has many positive effects. However, numerous people are forced to eat alone in the current COVID-19 pandemic situation. We think that robots that exist with bodies and can be interacted with in real time can be good mealtime partners. In this study, we developed a meal partner robot platform called Mamoru’21, which can share eating behavior. We experimented to evaluate Mamoru’21. The results showed that Mamoru’21 could make eating more enjoyable than a conventional communication robot. We also investigated the preferable appearance of a meal partner robot and confirmed that Mamoru’21 met the requirements.
Glial Cells of the Central Nervous System: A Potential Target in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is one of the most common diseases of the male urological system while the etiology and treatment of CP/CPPS remain a thorny issue. Cumulative research suggested a potentially important role of glial cells in CP/CPPS. This narrative review retrospected literature and grasped the research process about glial cells and CP/CPPS. Three types of glial cells showed a crucial connection with general pain and psychosocial symptoms. Microglia might also be involved in lower urinary tract symptoms. Only microglia and astrocytes have been studied in the animal model of CP/CPPS. Activated microglia and reactive astrocytes were found to be involved in both pain and psychosocial symptoms of CP/CPPS. The possible mechanism might be to mediate the production of some inflammatory mediators and their interaction with neurons. Glial cells provide a new insight to understand the cause of complex symptoms of CP/CPPS and might become a novel target to develop new treatment options. However, the activation and action mechanism of glial cells in CP/CPPS needs to be further explored.