Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epithelial Membrane Protein-3 and Chitinase-3-like Protein-1 as New Prognostic Predictors of Glioma, a Two-Gene Study

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common primary intracranial tumor, with a high degree of malignancy, poor therapeutic effect, and poor prognosis. According to previous studies, CHI3L1 and EMP3 are two independent tumor predictors that are of great significance for the prognostic prediction of other tumors, and their expression levels may be related to the prognosis of glioma patients. Methods: using Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), cBioPortal, LinkedOmics, and other databases, 693 glioma patients were screened to analyze the relationship between EMP3 and CHI3L1 expression and prognosis in glioma patients. Results: low-grade glioma patients with a low expression of EMP3/CHI3L1 had a better prognosis, and the combination of EMP3/CHI3L1 is a new predictor for glioma patients. Conclusion: We used the TCGA and CGGA databases to analyze the effect of EMP3 and CHI3L1 expression on the prognosis of glioma patients and their correlation with gene expression using bioinformation analysis. The results showed that low-grade glioma patients with a low expression of EMP3 and CHI3L1 had a better prognosis, and EMP3 and CHI3L1 co-expression genes were correlated. The combination of these two factors could be a new prognostic index for glioma patients.
A hidden seasonal switching model for multisite daily rainfall

A hidden seasonal switching model for daily rainfall over a region is proposed where season onset times are stochastic and can vary from year to year. The model allows seasons to occur earlier or later than expected and have varying lengths. This stochastic seasonal variation accommodates considerably more of the observed intraannual rainfall variability than can be represented using seasonal models with standard fixed seasons. In essence, the model dynamically classifies daily rainfall time series into seasons whose onsets vary from year to year and within which the model parameters are assumed to be time homogeneous. A variety of nonseasonal models could have been used to describe daily rainfall within seasons. Here a generalization of the Richardson model is adopted which has rainfall states (dry, light rain, and heavy rain) some of which are hidden or unobserved. It is further assumed that the rainfall states generate rainfall that is independent of season (seasonally invariant), so it is only the dynamics of the rainfall states that vary from season to season. A suitable estimation strategy based on maximum likelihood and the EM algorithm is developed for fitting the model across a region. This strategy is validated on simulated data. Various forms of the model are fitted to daily rainfall measurements from 12 sites in southern New Zealand. These results are discussed and compared to those from fitting standard fixed season models.
Compositional profiling and molecular docking studies of Eucalyptus polybrachtea essential oil against mucormycosis and aspergillosis

Essential oil (EO) from Eucalyptus polybrachtea is used as complementary and traditional medicine worldwide. The present study aimed at compositional profiling of EO and molecular docking of EO’s bioactive compound 1,8 cineole against fungal enzymes involved in the riboflavin synthesis pathway, namely riboflavin synthase (RS), riboflavin biosynthesis protein RibD domain-containing protein (RibD), and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate synthase (DBPS) as apposite sites for drug designing against aspergillosis and mucormycosis, and in vitro confirmation. The compositional profile of EO was completed by GC-FID analysis. For molecular docking, the Patchdock tool was used. The ligand-enzyme 3-D interactions were examined, and ADMET properties (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) were calculated. GC-FID discovered the occurrence of 1,8 cineole as a major component in EO, which was subsequently used for docking analysis. The docking analysis revealed that 1,8 cineole actively bound to RS, RibD, and DBPS fungal enzymes. The results of the docking studies demonstrated that the ligand 1,8 cineole exhibited H-bond and hydrophobic interactions with RS, RibD, and DBPS fungal enzymes. 1,8 cineole obeyed Lpinsky’s rule and exhibited adequate bioactivity. Wet-lab authentication was achieved by using three fungal strains: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, and Mucor sp. Wet lab results indicated that EO was able to inhibit fungal growth.
A global finite element ocean model: Circulation and bottom pressure anomalies in the South Atlantic

−8000 −7000 −6000 −5000 −4000 −3000 −2000 −1000 Introduction For the validation of the GRACE mission that aims at a more accurate determination of the geoid an investigation of ocean bottom pressure (OBP) anomalies and circulation in the South Atlantic is performed. For this purpose we use bottom pressure data recorded by Pressure Inverted Echo Sounders (PIES), radar altimeter and gravity data provided by satellite geodesy and utilize the 3D finite element global coupled sea ice−ocean model (FESOM) which has recently been developed at the AWI.
Woodhouseite and svanbergite in hydrothermal ore deposits; products of apatite destruction during advanced argillic alteration

Woodhouseite and svaubergite, previously documented from roughly two dozen localities, have been found with advanced argillic alteration in three hydrothermal ore deposits. These aluminum phosphate-sllfate (APS) minerals are isostructural with alunite (R3m), with the generalized formula RAl3(POdl +r(SO/1-r(OH)6-r. (HzO)r, where R is Ca or Sr, and x is less than 0.5. At Summitville, Colorado, an epithermal gold*opper deposit, svanbergite occurs with hypogene kaolinite and alunite in the upper portions of the deposit, and woodhouseite is observed at deeper levels, where pyrophyllite is locally abundant. In the porphyry-copper deposit at La Granja @eru), woodhouseite occurs witl pyrophyllite and appears to have replaced apatite. The porphyry-copper deposit at La Escondida (Chile) contains woodhouseite-svanbergite solid solutions, some hypogene, others supergene, as judged from textual criteria. Alunite specimens from Summitville, La Escondida, and several other localities investigated in this study contain some APS component, lvith up to 2.41 wt. q0 P2O5 and l.l2wt. tlo SrO, reflecting tie coupled substitution K+ + SO42- = (Ca,Sr)z+ + POo3- io gt. t*t r*"ture. The APS phases are considered to form by replacement of apatite in the acidic, sulfate-rich environment ttrat characterizes advauccd argillic alteration. Their occurrence probably has been overlooked in loany areas showing such alteration of apatite-bearing host rocks.
Étude de mouvements de terrain par méthodes géophysiques

La comprehension et la prevision de la dynamique d'evolution des mouvements de terrain peuvent etre ameliorees par un apport de donnees quantitatives sur leur geometrie tridimensionnelle, leur etat de destructuration et les circulations preferentielles de fluide. L'objet de ce travail de these, a la fois methodologique et experimental, est de mener une etude critique des apports et limites des differentes techniques geophysiques (tomographie electrique, methodes sismiques, traitement du bruit de fond sismique et mesure de la polarisation spontanee) pour la caracterisation des mouvements de terrain. Nous avons mene des campagnes geophysiques sur cinq sites tests. Ces sites ont ete choisis en milieu rocheux et de grande ampleur (Sechilienne, Isere, et La Clapiere, Alpes Maritimes) ou de taille moderee (Ravin de l'Aiguille, Isere) et en contexte argileux (Super Sauze, Alpes de Hautes Provence, et Leaz, Ain). Nous montrons que, selon le degre de remaniement, l'etude des parametres geophysiques tels que $\rho$ (tomographie electrique), $V_P$ (sismique refraction et tomographie) et $V_S$ (sismique refraction et analyse des ondes de surface) peut permettre de caracteriser la geometrie du mouvement. Nous preconisons pour l'analyse des ondes de surface de contraindre la parametrisation par $V_P$ si elle est connue en surface et par la frequence du pic H/V. En outre, pour une geometrie reguliere et des faibles gradients lateraux de $V_S$, nous montrons que la methode H/V peut aider a obtenir rapidement des informations quantitatives sur la variation spatiale de la geometrie du substratum. %Nous preconisons pour l'etude de la geometrie des mouvements rocheux, le deploiement de methodes tomographiques (electrique et sismique) et l'analyse des ondes de surface enregistrees lors de prospection sismique et par des reseaux de bruit de fond, en tenant compte des informations sur $V_P$ en surface et de la frequence de resonance du pic H/V. La caracterisation des ecoulements au sein des mouvements est amelioree lorsque l'on associe l'interpretation des mesures de resistivite et de polarisation spontanee. %Selon le degre de remaniement des argiles en mouvement, l'etude des parametres geophy\-siques tels que $\rho$ (tomographie electrique), $V_P$ (sismique refraction et tomographie) et $V_S$ (sismique refraction et analyse des ondes de surface) peut permettre de caracteriser la geometrie du mouvement. Pour une geometrie reguliere et des faibles gradients lateraux de $V_S$, l'utilisation de la methode H/V peut aider a obtenir rapidement des informations quantitatives sur la variation spatiale de la geometrie du substratum. Enfin, nous avons deploye un reseau d'electrodes impolarisables pour le suivi temporel de la polarisation spontanee sur le mouvement de grande ampleur de Sechilienne. Ce reseau a permis de mettre en evidence les trajets preferentiels de circulation de fluide au sein du massif et de rendre compte de leur complexite.
Origins of dry air in the tropics and subtropics

The humidity in the dry regions of the tropical and subtropical troposphere has a major impact on the ability of the atmosphere to radiate heat to space. The water vapor content in these regions is determined by their “origins,” here defined as the last condensation event following air masses. Trajectory simulations are used to investigate such origins using the 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data for January 1993. It is shown that 96% of air parcels experience condensation within 24 days and most of the remaining 4% originate in the stratosphere. Dry air masses are shown to experience a net pressure increase since last condensation, which is uniform with latitude, while the median time taken for descent is 5 days into the subtropics but exceeds 16 days into the equatorial lower troposphere. The associated rate of decrease in potential temperature is consistent with radiative cooling. The relationship between the drier regions in the Tropics and subtropics and the geographical localization of their origin is investigated. Four transport processes are identified to explain these relationships.
Ocular biometry characteristics in cataract surgery candidates: a cross-sectional study

Background: This study was conducted to investigate ocular biometry parameters in cataract surgery candidates in northern Tehran, Iran using OA-2000 biometry device. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, values of ocular biometry parameters, including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), mean corneal curvature (mean K), lens thickness (LT), corneal astigmatism (CA), and white-to-white (WTW) of 818 eyes with cataracts, were measured using the OA-2000 biometry device (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan). The participants were divided into si age subgroups, in 10-year intervals. Finally, the values of the biometry parameters were calculated, and the trend of changes was examined for both age and sex subgroups. Results: The mean (standard deviation [SD]) of age of the participants was 63.82 (13.25) years. Mean (SD) of biometry parameters were as follows: AL, 23.36 (1.55) mm; ACD, 3.09 (0.40) mm; LT, 4.45 (0.55) mm; mean K, 44.51 (1.72) D; CA, 1.06 (0.94) D; and WTW, 11.81 (0.45) mm. Most of the parameters showed significant age-related changes in the total population. There was an increase in LT (P < 0.001) and mean K (P = 0.001), as well as a decrease in AL (P < 0.001) and ACD (P < 0.001) with age. Moreover, AL had a negative negligible correlation with LT (r = - 0.24; P < 0.001) and mean K (r = - 026; P < 0.001), as well as a weak positive correlation with ACD (r = + 0.44; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study revealed that the mean values of most biometric parameters varied across age and sex subgroups. Moreover, most of the parameters showed significant age-related changes in the total population.
The Arctic climate system

1. The evolution of knowledge about the Arctic and its climate 2. Physical characteristics and basic climatic features 3. The basic atmospheric energy budget 4. The atmospheric circulation 5. The surface energy budget 6. Precipitation, net precipitation and river discharge 7. Arctic ocean-sea ice-climate interactions 8. Climate regimes of the Arctic 9. Modelling the Arctic climate system 10. Arctic paleoclimates 11. Recent climate variability, trends and the future.
Control methods for invasive mosquitoes of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Indonesia

The two invasive mosquito species in Indonesia are Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. These mosquitoes are a serious nuisance to humans and are also the primary vectors of several foreign pathogens, such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Efforts must be made to reduce the possibility of mosquito bites and the potential for disease transmission. Given the invasion of these two Aedes species, this approach should be considered as part of an integrated strategy to manage them. This review discusses existing and developing control techniques for invasive Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, with an emphasis on those that have been and are being used in Indonesia. Environmental, mechanical, biological (e.g., Bacillus thuringiensis and Wolbachia), and chemical (e.g., insect growth regulators and pyrethroids) approaches are discussed in this review, considering their effectiveness, sustainability, and control methods.
Constraints to Rice Production Systems in Laos

In 1999, total rice production in Laos was more than 2.1 million tonnes, enough to make the nation self-sufficient in rice. Over the past 2 decades, total production has increased by about 100%, with most of the increase occurring in the rainfed lowlands where production jumped from 705 000 t in 1980 to 1 502 000 t in 1999. Even though the dry-season irrigated environment has increased production by almost nine times in the past decade (from 41 000 t in 1990 to 354 000 tin 1999) and further small-scale irrigation schemes are planned to achieve a total dry-season irrigated area of about 180 000 ha by 2005, the wet-season lowland environment will remain the most important rice-producing environment for the foreseeable future. Higher yields and reduced year-to-year variability in production can be expected with further intensification of production systems in the lowlands. However, further improvements in production will depend on higher levels of inputs and continued alleviation of some production constraints. The uplands will become less important for rice production as alternative, more sustainable technologies are developed to replace the current ‘slash-and-burn’ and shifting cultivation practices. This paper summarizes the known main abiotic and biotic production constraints in each of Laos’s rice-producing environments: wet-season lowlands, dry-season irrigated, and rainfed uplands, but not those socioeconomic constraints that can also have significant impact on farmer attitudes and production. The major production constraints in the main rice-producing environment—the wet-season lowland ecosystem of the Mekong River Valley—are drought and poor soil fertility. However, more than 10% of the wetseason lowlands in the central and southern agricultural regions are also regularly affected by flooding of the Mekong River. In these areas, flood damage is often regarded as a greater production constraint than drought. In the dry-season irrigated environment, poor soil fertility is the main abiotic constraint. Insect pests are becoming increasingly important in both these production systems. In existing production systems in the rainfed uplands, the main constraints are, in decreasing order of significance, weeds, rodents and drought. Farmers’ perceptions of the relative importance of production constraints in the uplands are generally more accurate than those in the lowlands. Poor soil fertility is often not rated among the most important constraints in the wet-season lowlands and dry-season irrigated environments, despite experimental evidence that often the greatest yield increases can come from improved plant nutrition. Until recently, farmers’ perceptions of the importance of insect pests in the lowlands often exaggerated their economic significance.
Variability of rock texture and morphology correlated with the clay‐bearing units at Mawrth Vallis, Mars

The clay units at Mawrth Vallis have been well‐characterized in hyperspectral data; however, a similar study of high spatial resolution High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) data has not been previously conducted. Here the textures of the clay units are described and related to mineralogy across the central Mawrth Vallis region. The nontronite‐bearing rocks appear tan in HiRISE COLOR data and are polygonally fractured with polygons 2–5 m across. In some cases, the fractures appear wider and/or have darker fill or the rocks are a darker brown. The montmorillonite‐bearing rocks appear blue with regular polygons 0.5–1.5 m across; sometimes, there are larger polygons surrounded by regular polygons, a square fracture pattern, or the color appears yellow or mottled blue‐yellow. Kaolinite‐rich rocks are the brightest outcrops and are nonpolygonally fractured. Regions with spectra consistent with hydrated silica or the ferrous mineral component do not have unique textures. Hydrated silica‐bearing rocks appear yellow or mottled with a regular polygonal texture or yellow with hummocky appearance with no polygons. It is also possible that dust/sand on the surface alters the montmorillonite spectrum to appear like that of hydrated silica. The ferrous component may be expressed as mottled coloring or as a bright fracture fill. The nontronite‐ and montmorillonite‐bearing units have remarkably consistent textures in this region, allowing them to be uniquely identified in the Mawrth Vallis region in nonhyperspectral data sets such as CTX and HiRISE. The morphology of the polygons in these two units suggests that their formation is likely dominated by desiccation and controlled by composition.
Magnetostratigraphy of the Apalós Formation (early Pleistocene): Evidence for pulsed uplift of Cyprus

Landscape formation on Cyprus is controlled by processes directly linked to the uplift and unroofing of the Troodos ophiolite complex since mainly early Miocene times. Understanding the island's geology and dating individual tectonic events will help in differentiating between tectonically controlled uplift and eustatic sea level or climatic changes. In order to improve the timing of these events, a magnetostratigraphic study was carried out on two terraces in the Mesaoria Basin of central Cyprus. At Vlokkariá, southwest of Nicosia, an artificial cliff exposes the sedimentary Apalós Formation of early Pleistocene age. A nearby section situated on a terrace, probably postdating the Vlokkariá section, was sampled at Kókkinos. Remanence‐carrying minerals are end‐member magnetite and maghemite formed by exsolution and oxidation from ophiolitic titanomagnetite. Hematite as a late alteration product is also present. Alternating field demagnetized paleomagnetic samples yield predominantly reversed polarities interpreted to have been acquired as early detrital remanent magnetization during the Matuyama chron. Two zones of normal polarity within the Apalós Formation are interpreted to correlate to the Olduvai and Jaramillo subchrons. Pre‐Apalós marine sediments at the bottom of the Vlokkariá section show transitional polarity behavior and therefore might correlate with the onset of the Reunion event. Results from the Kókkinos section are exclusively of normal polarity, which has been acquired during the Brunhes chron. Sedimentation rates derived from these magnetostratigraphic results are in the order of 3–6 cm/kyr with a marked increase to 50 cm/kyr just below the Matuyama‐Jaramillo polarity transition, which is interpreted to reflect increased uplift of the source area and supports the hypothesis of pulsed uplift of the Troodos ophiolite complex.
Satellite observations of long‐term changes in tropical cloud and outgoing longwave radiation from 1985 to 1998

Cloud vertical distributions and radiation data from satellites taken between 1985 and 1998 were analyzed to determine the impact of clouds on outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) in the Tropics. Clouds with a 1‐μm optical depth greater than 0.025 above 12 km decreased, while those below 12 km increased. The OLR mean and decadal trend were 254 Wm−2 and 3.9 Wm−2/decade, respectively. The mean cloud and OLR results were used to derive a value of 0.36 for the tropical mean cloud longwave effective emissivity. Changes in cloud vertical distributions account for 40% of the OLR trend. A change in cloud effective emissivity of −0.026/decade could account for the remainder of the OLR changes. These changes suggest reduced mean cloud opacity, a drier troposphere, and a strengthened large‐scale circulation in the Tropics during the period.