Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of an entrepreneurship sport workshop on perceived feasibility, perceived desiderability and entrepreneurial intentions: a pilot study in sports science students

Abstract Entrepreneurship training in the sports context is of vital importance for students of physical activity and sport sciences, increasing their employability and their ability to successfully adapt to a constantly changing business context. For this reason, this paper aims to analyze the influence of a Workshop on sports entrepreneurship on perceived desirability, perceived feasibility and entrepreneurial intentions, as well as the relationships between those concepts. 108 students from Physical Activity and Sports Sciences enrolled in a Workshop on sports entrepreneurship participated in the study, completing the Shapero and Sokol Entrepreneurial Event Model assessment instrument (1982) before and after the training sessions. The results demonstrated that the participation in the workshop significantly increased the participants’ entrepreneurial intention as well as their perceived feasibility and perceived desirability. Furthermore, perceived desirability and perceived feasibility were significant predictors of entrepreneurial intentions, both at pre and post workshop moments. A practical approach linked to know-how is necessary in future workshops.
Effect of dietary supplementation with hyperimmunized hen egg yolk powder on diarrhoea incidence and intestinal health of weaned pigs

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with hyperimmunized egg yolk powder (HEYP) on diarrhoea incidence and intestinal health of weaned pigs. Two kinds of HEYP were used, one is multivalent HEYP against mixed Escherichia coli (E. coli) (K88-K99-987P) antigens and the other is the mixture of three monovalent HEYP against single E. coli K88, K99 or 987P antigen, respectively. A total of 180 weaned pigs were assigned to 5 dietary treatments: control diet (CON), 3 or 30 g/kg of two kinds of HEYP diets. Pigs fed HEYP diets had a lower diarrhoea incidence, lower E. coli numbers in faeces and ameliorated mucosal morphology in the duodenum, accompanied by a tendency to reduce inflammation response and intestinal permeability compared with CON. There were no significant differences in the dosage effects of either HEYP. Therefore, anti-(K88-K99-987P) HEYP might be an effective feed additive to protect weaned pigs against enterotoxigenic E. coli⁠.
“Visual” Cortices of Congenitally Blind Adults Respond to Executive Demands Authors

How functionally flexible is human cortex? In congenitally blind individuals, “visual” cortices are active during auditory and tactile tasks. The cognitive role of these responses and the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. A dominant view is that, in blindness, “visual” cortices process information from low-level auditory and somatosensory systems. An alternative hypothesis is that higher-cognitive fronto-parietal systems take over “visual” cortices. We report that, in congenitally blind individuals, right-lateralized “visual” cortex responds to executiveload in a go/no-go task. These right-lateralized occipital cortices of blind, but not sighted, individuals mirrored the executive-function pattern observed in fronto-parietal systems. In blindness, the same “visual” cortex area, at rest, also increases its synchronization with prefrontal executive control regions and decreases its synchronization with auditory and sensorimotor cortices. These results support the hypothesis of top-down fronto-parietal takeover of “visual” cortices, and suggest that human cortex is highly flexible at birth.
SOIL CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) EFFLUX RATE AND OIL PALM YIELD FROM DIFFERENT PEAT TYPES IN SARAWAK, MALAYSIA

Tropical peatlands have different characteristics as compared to temperate peatlands in terms of organic materials and topography. It is important to understand the soil characteristics for improving crop management practices. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of different types of peat on soil carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and oil palm yield in Sarawak. The study area was classified as Naman (Oa) and Kenyana (Oawu) series using the Malaysian Unified Classification of Organic Soils (MUCOS). Soil CO 2 efflux was determined by using a portable CO 2 analyser at monthly intervals from eight observational plots setup in each 10 ha study plot. The oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield was recorded since the first year of harvest ( i.e. after about 30 months field planting). Results showed that the average soil CO 2 efflux was the highest in Naman series plot (4.89±0.36 µmol CO 2 m –2 s –1 ) compared to Kenyana series plot (4.44±0.37 µmol CO 2 m –2 s –1 ). However, FFB yield was recorded 40% higher at Naman plot compared to Kenyana plot. Higher FFB yield in Naman plot was related to its soil consisting of sapric materials that have more nutrients available for the crop, while Kenyana plot consisted of sapric materials together with undecomposed wood that might hinder the palm growth. This study suggests that different types of peat have significant effects on oil palm yield and soil CO 2 emissions. The site-specific and peat soil management based on its characteristics is important for oil palm growth and performance especially for enhancing FFB yield and improving environmental management.
Identification and thermal stability of point defects in neutron-irradiated hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)

Point defects in wide-bandgap semiconductors, such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), have driven enormous amounts of research due to their interesting optical properties such as quantum emission at room temperature. Defect engineering by particle irradiation is a very interesting strategy for producing quantum emitters in a controlled way. The identification of most point defects is done by electron paramagnetic resonance and related advanced techniques. Following our recent works, we present new data about point defects produced by neutron irradiation at room temperature and investigate their thermal stability in crystalline, flake and ultrafine h-BN powder. Our experimental data indicate the formation of the nitrogen antisite defect next to a nitrogen vacancy in its neutral charge state, (NBVN)0, with spin S= 1/2 in all types of h-BN showing strong axial hyperfine interaction (A || ≈ 95 MHz and A ⊥ ≈ 5 MHz). It is thermally stable up to ~600 ºC, which is similar to the disappearance of the negative charged boron vacancy, VB− . In addition, after neutron irradiation of h-BN powder samples, a spin S= 1/2 point defect is observed presenting an axial superhyperfine interaction with two equivalent nitrogen nuclei (14N, I = 1, 99.68%), which we tentatively assign to the CNVB defect. It is thermally stable up to ~850 ºC. Another, yet-unidentified S = 1/2 center acts as a charge compensating defect at specific annealing temperatures. Our experimental results are compared and discussed with theoretical models available in the literature.
The trypanosome Lotmaria passim prevails in honey bees of different ages and stages of development

The gut parasite Lotmaria passim has recently been identified in Apis mellifera and appears to be the predominant trypanosome in honey bees worldwide, but there is little information about L. passim in honey bees of different ages and stages of development. We evaluated the prevalence and load of L. passim in eggs, young and old larvae, dark pupae, newly emerged, nurse and forager bees from colonies that were L. passim-positive. The use of real-time PCR enabled us to detect L. passim, ranging from 21 to 100% in honey bees of almost all stages and ages, with loads ranging from 1.91 x 101 to 7.39 x 105 cells equivalent per bee. This is the first study that reports L. passim in honey bees of different ages and stages of development. We also found an absence of L. passim in eggs, which discards a possible transovarial transmission of this pathogen, although further validations are required. Our findings provide new perspectives for studies on the epidemiology of L. passim in honey bees and other insect pollinators.
Understanding international and domestic travel intention of Indian travellers during COVID-19 using a Bayesian approach

ABSTRACT This study investigated travel intentions of 484 international and 566 domestic travellers during COVID-19 pandemic using Bayesian structural equation modelling and the extended model of goal-directed behaviour. The variation in the perceived severity of COVID-19 and willingness to adopt personal non-pharmaceutical interventions (PNPIs) across different demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of travellers was also examined. It was revealed that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and positive anticipated emotion positively and negative anticipated emotion negatively influenced travellers’ intention through their desire to travel during COVID-19. The perceived severity of COVID-19 indirectly influenced travel intention through willingness to adopt PNPIs. Female and older travellers perceived COVID-19 as more severe and showed more willingness to adopt PNPIs. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Application of Constitutive Friction Laws to Glacier Seismicity

While analysis of glacial seismicity continues to be a widely used method for interpreting glacial processes, the underlying mechanics controlling glacial stick‐slip seismicity remain speculative. Here, we report on laboratory shear experiments of debris‐laden ice slid over a bedrock asperity under carefully controlled conditions. By modifying the elastic loading stiffness, we generated the first laboratory icequakes. Our work represents the first comprehensive lab observations of unstable ice‐slip events and replicates several seismological field observations of glacier slip, such as slip velocity, stress drop, and the relationship between stress drop and recurrence interval. We also observe that stick‐slips initiate above a critical driving velocity and that stress drop magnitude decreases with further increases in velocity, consistent with friction theory and rock‐on‐rock friction laboratory experiments. Our results demonstrate that glacier slip behavior can be accurately predicted by the constitutive rate‐and‐state friction laws that were developed for rock friction.
In Vitro Characterization of a Novel Consensus Bacterial 6-Phytase and One of its Variants

Microbial phytases are added to animal feed to hydrolyze phytic acid (myoinositol hexakisphosphate, IP6) and phytate (salt of phytic acid) increasing phosphorus bioavailability. Novel phytases with enhanced bio-efficacy are being developed. To characterize the biochemical and enzymatic properties of a novel consensus bacterial 6- phytase and its variant (PhyG), produced in Trichoderma reesei. The in vitro specific activity, kinetic parameters, pH-activity profiles (relative to pH5.5), IP6 degradation, hydrolysis products and phosphate release of the phytases were determined using sodium phytate substrate. Melting point (Tm) was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermostability assessed by measuring residual activity at different temperatures. In vivo effects of PhyG supplementation at 0 to 1,000 FTU/kg on ileal IP6 digestibility and IP ester concentrations were determined in piglets. Both phytases exhibited pH optima of 3.5-4.5, high relative activity over a wide pH range (pH2.0-5.0), and substantial relative activity at pH1.5. At pH3.0, the specific activity of the PhyG variant was 1487 U/mg protein and at pH3.5 the kinetic constants were 240 μM (Km) and 1873 s-1 (Kcat). The hydrolysis of IP6 by both phytases was rapid. The major initial hydrolysis product was DLI( 1,2,3,4,5)P5, designating the phytases as bacterial 6-phytases (EC 3.1.3.26). Hydrolysis occurred at the D-3 (L-1) position in ~30% of instances, indicating a dual-specificity. Both phytases showed high thermostability compared to wild type and existing commercial bacterial 6-phytases; PhyG exhibited 95% residual activity after 20 min incubation at 85. 4ºC (pH5.5), Tm50 of ~93. 2ºC and Tm of 98. 8ºC. In vivo, PhyG at 1,000 FTU/kg achieved an ileal digestibility of IP6 of 89.3%.
Does competition standard and player position influence the match-play physical demands of Australian elite youth male soccer players within a single squad?

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of competition standard and player position on the physical demands of Australian elite youth male soccer players during match-play. Twenty-three elite youth male soccer players from the same Australian U17 National Centre of Excellence program were observed across 8 National Youth League (NYL) and 21 National Premier League (NPL) competition matches. Total (TD/min), low- (< 3.6 m/s), moderate- (3.6–5.0m/s) and high-speed (> 5.0 m/s) running distance, and the accelerations (Acc/min) (≥ 2.0 m/s2) and decelerations (Dec/min) (≤ −2.0 m/s2) were recorded using 15-Hz portable global positioning system tracking devices (GPSports, Canberra, Australia). An interaction was observed between competition standard and player position for TD/min (p = 0.003), HSRD/min (p = 0.007) and Acc/min (p = 0.037) indicating the influence that competition standard had on these variables varied according to player position. Furthermore, we report that Central Defenders (3.1%), External Attackers (4.2%) and Central Attackers (3.8%) performed more TD/min in NYL (professional development level) compared to NPL (semi-professional) match-play. Central Defenders (24.2%) and Central Attackers (17.0%) completed more HSRD/min in NYL (professional development level) compared to NPL (semi-professional) match-play. Central Defenders (47.8%), External Defenders (20.5%), Midfielders (18.5%) and External Attackers (32.3%) all performed more Acc/min in NPL (semi-professional) when compared to NYL (professional development level) match-play. The results of this study provide scientific basis to aid the match-preparation of Australian elite youth male soccer player’s transition to higher standards of soccer.
Exploring the Role of Carbon Taxation Policies on CO2 Emissions: Contextual Evidence from Tax Implementation and Non-Implementation European Countries

During the past decades, environmental related taxes, energy, and carbon taxes has been recommended by environmental scientists as a policy tool to mitigate pollutant emissions in developed and developing economies. Among developed nations, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands, and Norway were the first regions to adopt a tax on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and research into the impacts of carbon tax on carbon emissions bring significant implications. The prime objective and goal of this work is to explore the role of carbon tax reforms for environmental quality in European economies. This is probably the first study to conduct a comparative study in European context for carbon-tax implementation and non-implementation policies. To this end, the present study reports new conclusions and implications regarding the effectiveness of environmental regulations and policies for climate change and sustainability. In the present study, the authors exhaustively explore the impacts of the carbon-tax on the mitigation of CO2 emissions. Using the propensity score matching method, the results of the estimation of the different matching methods allow us to observe a positive and significant impact of the adoption of the carbon-tax on stimulating the reduction of carbon emissions.
Automated multi-layer optical design via deep reinforcement learning

Optical multi-layer thin films are widely used in optical and energy applications requiring photonic designs. Engineers often design such structures based on their physical intuition. However, solely relying on human experts can be time-consuming and may lead to sub-optimal designs, especially when the design space is large. In this work, we frame the multi-layer optical design task as a sequence generation problem. A deep sequence generation network is proposed for efficiently generating optical layer sequences. We train the deep sequence generation network with proximal policy optimization to generate multi-layer structures with desired properties. The proposed method is applied to two energy applications. Our algorithm successfully discovered high-performance designs, outperforming structures designed by human experts in task 1, and a state-of-the-art memetic algorithm in task 2.
The hyper-stable disc of UGC 8839

The low surface brightness (LSB) spiral UGC 8839 is nearly devoid of star formation aside from a large HII region complex located in the extreme outer disc. In order to understand the origin and nature of this complex, we compare new Hα and archival broad-band images of UGC 8839 to similar data for four other spiral galaxies. We conclude that the extreme off-axis star formation in UGC 8839 is likely due to a hyperstable disk that is dark matter dominated at all radii, with the Toomre parameter reaching a minimum only in the extreme outer disc. Using analysis strategies designed to be particularly insensitive to the pitfalls of low-surface brightness objects and small number statistics, we determine that the presence of this complex in UGC 8839 is not exceptional when the HII region luminosity function is modelled by a power law, suggesting that it is a native structure and not a merging satellite. However, we find that the entire population of HII regions in UGC 8839 shows a preference for larger galactocentric radii when compared to HII regions in the other galaxies in our sample. UGC 8839 dramatically highlights the relationship between the baryonic/dark matter ratio and disk stability. A three-body interaction, similar to a scaled-down version of the interaction suspected to be responsible for Malin 1, is consistent with the extreme outer disk star formation that we see in the extended disk of UGC 8839.
The Development and Preliminary Validation of Chinese Nurses’ Workplace Stressor Scale-30 (CNWSS-30)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a concise and widely applicable Chinese nurse workplace stressor scale (CNWSS). Methods: 3895 Nurses were investigated by a questionnaire including 159 candidate items of nurse work stressors. The Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ-30) and Scale of Medical Staff Resilience (SMSR) were used as validity criterion. 162 samples were further selected for the test-retest after 4 weeks. Results: By means of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), 30 items were finally extracted for CNWSS (CNWSS-30), including 6 subscales, namely, organizational role adaptability, workload, nurse-patient relationship, income and respect, self-efficacy, and responsibility. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed good fitness (GIF = 0.90, AGFI = 0.89, CFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.06). The results also found strong positive correlations among six subscales of CNWSS-30 with ATQ-30 (r = 0.15 - 0.34, p p p p < 0.01) also revealed high stability. Conclusion: Generally, CNWSS-30 is reliable and valid, and can be used as a tool for measuring the Chinese nurse stressors at workplace.
Kinetic energy and enstrophy transfer in compressible Rayleigh–Taylor turbulence

Abstract Kinetic energy and enstrophy transfer in compressible Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) turbulence were investigated by means of direct numerical simulation. It is revealed that compressibility plays an important role in the kinetic energy and enstrophy transfer based on analyses of transport and large-scale equations. For the generation and transfer of kinetic energy, some findings have been obtained as follows. The pressure-dilatation work dominates the generation of kinetic energy in the early stage of flow evolution. The baropycnal work and deformation work handle the kinetic energy transfer from large to small scales on average for RT turbulence. The baropycnal work is mainly responsible for the kinetic energy transfer on large scales, and the deformation work for the kinetic energy transfer on small scales. The baropycnal work is also disclosed to be related to the compressibility from the finding that the expansion motion enhances the positive baropycnal work and the compression motion strengthens the negative baropycnal work. For the generation and transfer of enstrophy, the horizontal enstrophy is generated by the baroclinic effect and the vertical enstrophy by vortex stretching and tilting. Then the enstrophy is strengthened by the vortex stretching and tilting during the evolution of RT turbulence and the vorticity tends to be isotropic in the turbulent mixing region. The large-scale enstrophy equation in compressible flow has also been derived to deal with the enstrophy transfer. It is identified that the enstrophy is transferred from large to small scales on average and tends to stabilize for RT turbulence.
Factors affecting the quality and function of the bovine periovulatory follicle

Aspects of the laboratory course environment influence student knowledge retention during laboratory sessions and improves understanding and retention of corresponding lecture course material. Traditional laboratory sessions generally involve a brief overview of pertinent information, followed by a hands-on activity (Forcino, 2013). Sessions are designed to compliment a corresponding lecture series and students are presented with a large volume of information each session. Courses build upon themselves during the term, so retention of knowledge over time is critical for student success. Because students have different styles of learning, it is important to employ diverse teaching strategies in order to engage as many students as possible (Chen et al., 2016). Tactile learning techniques emphasize hands-on and visual learning aids to improve retention through "doing". By expanding laboratory activities to include more tactile learning techniques, a broader range of learning styles will be reached during the session, and students will retain information more efficiently. In this study 4 laboratory sections were randomly divided into one of 2 treatments: control or tactile. Information was delivered to the control sections primarily in written form with minimal tactile learning opportunities. The laboratory sections assigned to the tactile treatment received the same information as controls, but were assigned distinct tactile activities focused on critical concepts. Tactile activities included building models, drawing, and visual recognition. By increasing the amount of hands-on activity during the lab, students gained a better understanding of the concepts and performed better on assessments. Overall, students participating in the tactile