Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Change in Free To Total Prostate Specific Antigen Ratio Following Transurethral Resection of Prostate in Patient With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Objective- To determine the changes in free to total serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) ratio level after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in BPH patients at different interval of time. Materials & Methods- A total of 93 patients undergoing TURP for benign enlargement of prostate were included in the study. Serum total PSA and free PSA were assessed before operation and on the Ist and 7th postoperative day and at month 3 to determine the changes in total PSA, free PSA and free to total PSA ratio following TURP. Result- The preoperative mean total PSA, free PSA and free to total PSA ratio were 3.5 :L 1.7 ng/ml, 0.781 0.21 ng/ml and 0.28 + 0.07. In terms of IPSS, 75(80.7%) patients had severe lower urinary tract obstruction and 18(19.3%) moderate obstruction. Histopathological examination of the resected prostatic tissue revealed that all the 93 patients had benign prostatic lesion. Conclusion-The free and total PSA in first few days increases and thereafter it decreases in 3 months period following transurethral resection of prostate in men with BPH. As both these parameters decrease proportionately, the free to total PSA ratio remains consistent. If free to total PSA ratio decreases it raises suspicision about the early changes in malignancy. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 18, No. 2, July 2015 p.83-87
Absolute structure of the chiral pyrrolidine derivative (2S)-methyl (Z)-5-(2-tert-butoxy-1-cyano-2-oxoethylidene)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate, a compound with low resonant scattering

The light-atom compound (2S)-methyl (Z)-5-(2-tert-butoxy-1-cyano-2-oxoethylidene)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate is an enantiopure coordination partner for cations. Despite its only minor resonant scattering, the absolute structure was determined by a combination of diffraction, CD spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.
Design, Analysis and Testing of a PRSEUS Pressure Cube to Investigate Assembly Joints

Due to its potential to significantly increase fuel efficiency, the current focus of NASA's Environmentally Responsible Aviation Program is the hybrid wing body (HWB) aircraft. Due to the complex load condition that exists in HWB structure, as compared to traditional aircraft configurations, light-weight, cost-effective and manufacturable structural concepts are required to enable the HWB. The Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure (PRSEUS) concept is one such structural concept. A building block approach for technology development of the PRSEUS concept is being conducted. As part of this approach, a PRSEUS pressure cube was developed as a risk reduction test article to examine a new integral cap joint concept. This paper describes the design, analysis and testing of the PRSEUS pressure cube test article. The pressure cube was required to withstand a 2P, 18.4 psi, overpressure load requirement. The pristine pressure cube was tested to 2.2P with no catastrophic failure. After the addition of barely visible impact damage, the cube was pressure loaded to 48 psi where catastrophic failure occurred, meeting the scale-up requirement. Comparison of pretest and posttest analyses with the cube test response agree well, and indicate that current analysis methods can be used to accurately analyze PRSEUS structure for initial failure response.
Assessment of Data Quality Needs for Use in Transportation Applications

The objective of this project is to investigate data quality measures and how they are applied to travel time prediction. This project showcases a short‐term travel time prediction method that takes into account the data needs of real‐time applications. The objective of this research is to prepare and disseminate accurate short‐term (up to 15 minutes ahead) travel time predictions on major highway corridors in the state of Maryland using real‐time and archived Bluetooth travel time samples, probe-based INRIX data, and stationary sensor data pooled together in Regional Integrated Transportation Information System (RITIS). In addition the research effort also develops a medium-term travel time prediction algorithm using pattern recognition techniques. The algorithm is used to predict travel times between Richmond and Virginia Beach in the state of Virginia. Unlike previous studies that use travel time as the variable, the traffic state spatiotemporal evolution is used to predict traffic patterns. The approach uses traffic state data for the current day matched with a historical data set to identify similar traffic patterns and predict travel times into the future. The tasks of this study start from data collection and analysis. The raw INRIX data, including data from I-64 and I-264 between Richmond to Virginia Beach for the past three years, are used in this study. Several problems with the raw data are analyzed, including geographically inconsistent sections, irregular time intervals of data collection, and missing data. Subsequently, a travel database is constructed to obtain daily spatiotemporal traffic states in which traffic state information and dynamic travel times are included. A travel time prediction algorithm is developed using speed measurements and which fully utilizes the relationship between traffic state and travel time. INRIX data for the selected 37-mile freeway stretch (Newport News to Virginia Beach) are used to test the proposed algorithm. The testing results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other three methods including using instantaneous measurements, using a Kalman filter, and using the k-nearest-neighbor method. Moreover, the case study on the entire 95-mile freeway stretch from Richmond to Virginia Beach demonstrates the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the instantaneous approach that is currently used by Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT). The proposed prediction method reduces the prediction error by approximately 50% compared to the current instantaneous method, especially at the shoulders of the peak periods.
Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported Cobalt-Calcium Phosphate Composite for Electrochemical Water Oxidation

We report the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst composed of cobalt–calcium phosphate on reduced graphene oxide (CoCaP/rGO). Our catalyst is prepared by the anodic electrolysis of calcium phosphate/rGO mixture loaded on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) in Co2+ aqueous solution. TEM, XPS and XRD experiments confirm that the crystal phase of calcium phosphate (CaP) is transferred into an amorphous phase of calcium oxide with phosphate (5.06 at%) after anodic electrolysis. Additionally, the main cation component of calcium is replaced by cobalt ion. The current–voltage characteristics of CoCaP/rGO showed a shoulder peak at 1.10 V vs. NHE, which originated from Co2+ to higher oxidation states (Co3+ or Co4+) and a strong wave from water oxidation higher +1.16 V vs. NHE at neutral condition (pH 7). CoCaP and CoCaP/rGO showed 4.8 and 10 mA/cm2 at 0.47 V of overpotential, respectively. The enhanced OER catalytic activity of CoCaP/rGO arises from the synergetic interaction between the amorphous phase of CoCaP and electric conducting graphene sheets.
“I Felt Powerful and Confident”: Women’s Use of What They Learned in Feminist Sexual Assault Resistance Education

Research on women’s response and resistance to sexual assault risk has informed the development of interventions to improve women’s ability to effectively resist sexual assault. However, little is known about how women anticipate, navigate, and respond to risk following participation in sexual assault risk reduction/resistance education programs. In this study, we examined the information and skills used by university women who had recently completed the effective Enhanced Assess, Acknowledge, Act (EAAA) sexual assault resistance program. We analyzed responses from 445 women using descriptive statistics and content and thematic analysis. Just under half (42%) of women used at least one EAAA strategy in the following 2 years. Most women reported that their efforts were successful in stopping an attack. Women’s responses included strategies both to preempt sexual assault threat (e.g., avoiding men who display danger cues, communicating assertively about wanted and unwanted sex) and to interrupt or avoid an imminent threat (e.g., yelling, hitting, and kicking). Women’s use of resistance strategies worked to subvert gendered social norms and socialization. The results suggest that counter to criticisms that risk reduction/resistance programs blame women or make them responsible for stopping men’s violence, women who took EAAA typically positioned themselves as agentic and empowered in their resistance.
Effect of Social Media on Decision to Undergo Rhinoplasty

Background: Rhinoplasty is surgery for changing the shape of the nose and it may be motivated by the need to change the appearance of the nose, improve breathing, or both. Rhinoplasty can change the bone, cartilage, skin of the nose, or all three. When planning rhinoplasty, the surgeon will consider other facial features, the skin on the nose, and patient expectations. Aim: To assess the influence of social media on patients who underwent rhinoplasty, and determine if it was the main influence for their decision. Methods: A retrospective record-based descriptive approach was used to review the medical records of all patients who underwent rhinoplasty in Aseer Central Hospital (ACH) between 2015 and 2020. Data were obtained through pre-structured questionnaires and included patients’ bio-clinical data, indications, and effects of different social media platforms. Results: Hundred patients who underwent rhinoplasty, had complete medical files, and responded to phone calls were included. All the cases were aged above 18 years and 56% were men. Snapchat was the most used social media platform (57%), followed by WhatsApp (19%). Social media influenced more than 2/3 of the patients to undergo rhinoplasty. Approximately 58% of those influenced were males compared to 52.8% of those who were not. Instagram had the highest influence on male decisions to undergo rhinoplasty; its influence was significantly higher among females. Conclusions: The study revealed that social media platforms were used extensively, and they influenced patients’ decisions to undergo rhinoplasty mainly through the provision of news about famous people.
Mixed-Integer Programming Solution to Zone-Based Air Traffic Management Problem

The study presented in this research discusses the Air Traffic Flow Management Problem by introducing alternative routing options for aircrafts in a constrained 3-dimensional capacitated airspace. The airspace is divided into a set of capacitated 3-dimensional sectors in order to depict the concept of a free flight situation in which the pilots have more autonomy. This study aims to minimize the total arrival time of all aircrafts to their final destinations while upholding timing and routing constraints and most importantly regarding the capacity constraints through which mid-air collision is avoided and safety is ensured. In order to achieve such a goal, a non-time indexed mixed integer programming model has been developed. Solving the model provides us with a comprehensive flight schedule consisting of the sequence of sectors each flight has to take and the exact departure and arrival times from/to each sector while the capacity constraints defined for all sectors ensure flight safety and collision avoidance at all times. This model takes multiple airports into consideration and despite the complexity of the problem and its NP-hard nature, is able to be solved for a number of flights on a personal computer using CPLEX. Furthermore, three different solution strategies are introduced in this research in order to tackle real-life size instances. First, we investigated the computational complexity of the problem by considering all flights in the system. Next, a sequential solution methodology is proposed. In the sequential solution method, first the problem is solved for a subset of flights. Next, new set of flights from remaining flight list according to their departure time are added to the airspace by considering the en-route flight plans of previously solved flight sets. The addition of new flights continued until an en-route flight plan for all flights is determined. Obviously the sequential solution method cannot guarantee optimality, yet the problem for large instance can be solved. Finally, an iterative conflict resolution methodology is proposed. In this method, first we relax some of the constraints so large instances can be solved. Next, flights that conflict with the actual constraint are identified and problem is solved to satisfy only these flights. The iteration is continued until no unresolved conflict is left. Performance of each solution methodology is demonstrated through various case studies.
Expression of microRNA-26b-5p is related to the changes of random blood glucose after primary percutaneous coronary interventions

Background: Stress hyperglycemia （SH） is prevalent in non-diabetic patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and it can significantly increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The study aims to determine the changes of and correlation between circulating microRNA-26b-5p levels and random blood glucose levels after primary percutaneous coronary interventions (p-PCI). Methods: INS-1 cells were used to establish model of insulin regulation. Overexpression of miR-26b was performed with lentiviral transfection, while downregulation of miR-26b was accomplished by using shRNA sequences. Insulin was quantitatively detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ELISA). we enrolled 48 patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction who successfully underwent p-PCI from June 2017 to November 2017 in beijing anzhen hospital and beijing friendship hospital, capital medical university. Plasma samples were collected before p-PCI, 24h and 72h after operation. The level of circulating microRNA-26b-5p were measured by Real Time PCR. The association between circulating microRNA-26b-5p and random blood glucose was calculated by Spearman correlation coefficient.Results: The results of in vitro test showed i nhibition of miR-26b leads to a decrease in insulin secretion while overexpression of miR-26b increases insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. 34 male patients accounting for 71% were included in this study. The circulating microRNA-26b-5p levels were 14.41±8.52 and 19.63±9.42 at 24h and 72h after operation respectively, as compared with 10.32±6.62 before p-PCI ( P <0.001). Significantly decreased random blood glucose level were found at 24h and 72h after operation compared with that before p-PCI（7.35±1.17 VS. 7.12±1.17 VS. 8.28±1.35, P< 0.001. Spearman correlation coefficient revealed that there was an inverse correlation between circulating microRNA-26b-5p levels and random blood glucose levels（ r =-0.425 ， P <0.001). Conclusion: MicroRNA-26b-5p may be involved in the regulation of blood glucose in non-diabetic patients with STEMI after p-PCI.
VALIDATION OF A LOW-COST DRIVING SIMULATOR USING A TELEPHONE DIALING TASK

Driving performance in an instrumented vehicle was compared with performance in a low-cost, fixed-based driving simulator. Six men and six women drove a freeway route while periodically dialing simulated phone calls. Lane position, speed, steering-wheel angle, and throttle position were recorded. The same subjects drove a computer simulation of the route in the laboratory driving simulator using two scene fidelity levels: a color scene with relatively high detail, and a monochrome scene showing only road-edge markings. Lane-keeping in the simulator was less precise than on the road, but speed control performance was comparable. Lane keeping and speed control were less precise when dialing the phone than in normal driving, both on the simulator and on the road, but the performance decrement was greater in the simulator. Subjects over 60 years of age showed larger performance decrements during a concurrent phone dialing task than did subjects 20 to 30 years of age both in the simulator and on-road. No important differences in driving performance were found between the high and low simulator scene fidelity levels. Based on these findings, recommendations for improvements to the simulator were made.
An overview of an ethnographic-case study of female students in senior technology education classes in Queensland

Abstract This paper provides early findings from a research study undertaken in 2013 in a number of Queensland high schools. The study examines some factors that could heighten the participation of female students in technology education classes, and focused on female students in senior secondary schools. The research design used an ethnographic case-study methodology. This design allowed the research to unpack a credible, rigorous and authentic story of female students' involvement in different design and technology contexts across different schools. The study was intended to give a voice to female students in order to understand the nature of their involvement in design and technology subjects. The researcher was seeking to understand the reasons why female students had undertaken courses in design and technology education, and explored the realities of each classroom environment. The culture sharing group was identified as Year 11 girls participating in the early stages of technology education courses. Field data was collected in an authentic setting and included audio recordings of language and interactions. Recordings of interviews with students and adults were made. Both situations were designed to allow for the use of verbatim quotations and thick descriptions of the context and events in order to understand and unpack the female voices in the study. Artefacts became a key component of the discussions. Triangulation of the data in the research design aimed to overcome any research bias and allowed the researcher to more fully understand the social and cultural scene. The study investigated such aspects as the social construction of reality, the nature of teaching and learning in context, the values that motivate participants and the ecology of the learning environments from a gendered perspective.
Exhausted Grape Marc Derived Biochars: Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Yield and Quality of Biochar for Soil Amendment

The present study focuses on the valorisation of winery industry wastes through slow pyrolysis of exhausted grape marc (EGM). The optimal pyrolysis parameters were firstly identified by small scale experiments carried out using thermogravimetric analysis. Nine pyrolysis temperatures were tested and their influence on the decomposition of the EGM residue and biochar yield was evaluated. Then, biochar production was conducted in a pilot plant at three chosen temperatures (450, 500 and 550 °C) at which the biochar was shown to be stable. The effects of biochar application to soil with respect to plant (ryegrass) growth was also evaluated. Pyrolysis of EGM at the 450–550 °C temperature range has been shown to generate thermally stable and nutrient-rich biochars, but only the biochar produced at 450 °C showed a marked benefit effect of ryegrass growth.
Experimental urbanism : grassroots alternatives as spaces of learning and innovation in the city

There is a great interest in experiments in the contemporary city. Many diverse initiatives use the term to describe their efforts of questioning existing configurations or proposing new ideas. In the wider literature on urban change, experimentation is frequently suggested as a method for bringing into being the uncertain and hopeful alternatives of critical or insurgent utopias. Yet there is little explicit discussion of what experimentation actually means in these contexts, which fuels concerns over an empty buzzword. Some useful ideas have started to emerge from discussions of grassroots innovations and urban laboratories, which highlight local relevance and strategic visibility as important markers of experimentation. Yet they also show the need for wider conceptual and empirical work on experiments that are explicitly urban and alternative in their outlook. This research takes up this challenge by interrogating the underlying notion of experimentation, tracing its development from a scientific method towards an adaptive and action-oriented social practice of knowledge-making. This extension highlights the importance of place and the involvement of heterogeneous, more-than-human collectives in this process. It also reveals collective experiments as relational practices of negotiation that create knowledge through surprise and adjustment, and which can best be conceptualised as socio-material assemblages.To understand how urban grassroots alternatives assemble their experimentality, the research works with three case studies that describe themselves as experiments: the autonomous town of Christiania in Copenhagen, the eco-squat of Can Masdeu in Barcelona, and the Prinzessinnengarten, an urban garden in Berlin. Using specific constructions, routines and projects for each site, the discussion traces their experimental dimensions through material practices, social dynamics and underlying approaches. It highlights their assembling as processes of balancing, integration and cultivation respectively. Despite these different modes of emergence, the cases indicate some shared experimental features: a focus on learning as knowing-in-practice, an ambiguous relationship of separation from and interconnection with the city, and a clear commitment to publicness. This casts experimental alternatives as distinctive sites of urban learning that make visible alternative modes of dwelling and enable translation through situated adaptation. It also presents them as sources of an urban innovation that is incremental and improvised rather than based on radical novelty. Experimental alternatives extend the promises of urban grassroots interventions by opening up wider avenues of engagement and participation, which suggests experimentation as a useful approach in the work of such initiatives.
Comparative efficiency of five mathematical functions in modelling the first lactation milk yield of Kankrej cattle maintained under field conditions

Thiruvothur Venkatesan RAJA*, Achintya Kumar DAS, Satish Kumar RATHEE, Umesh SINGH, Sushil KUMAR, Bharat Singh RATHOD, Harshad PANCHASARA Cattle Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh State, India Scientist-Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana State, India Livestock Research Station, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Gujarat State, India
REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE

Since the beginning of the 20th century, concrete has become the most used construction material. The world production of cement in 2007 was about 2.6 billion tons, compared to just 10 million tons in 1990. Traditionally, concrete was understood as a mixture of cement, water and aggregate but in modern concrete other constituents may also be present such as mineral components, chemical admixtures and fibres. Normal and high strength concretes were developed in the early 1900''s and 1950''s, respectively, whereas the development of ultra-high- performance concrete known as reactive powder concrete (RPC) was originated in the mid 1990''s. RPC is an ultra-high strength cementitious material that contains a high quantity of cement and silica fume, low quantity of water, incorporates large amounts of fibres and exhibits remarkable ductility, durability and strength properties. In this book, the mechanical behaviour of steel fibre reinforced RPC girders is detailed and design models presented. Particular emphasis is placed on non-flexural actions such as shear and bursting where steel fibres are used to replace conventional steel reinforcing bars.