Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-management, self-efficacy and knowledge among patients under haemodialysis: a case in Iran

Background Promotion of self-management is one of the effective ways to improve the quality of life of patients under haemodialysis. Therefore, a better understanding of the factors that are effective on self-management might help nurses find an appropriate method for the promotion of self-management. Aims This study aimed to examine self-management and its correlation with self-efficacy and knowledge of haemodialysis among patients under haemodialysis in Yazd, Iran in 2016. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in four haemodialysis centres. All patients who were referred to these centres were selected. Demographic characteristic forms, self-management questionnaires, haemodialysis knowledge questionnaires and chronic diseases self-efficacy scales were used to collect data. Results The score of self-management was between 32 and 80. The mean scores of self-management, knowledge and self-efficacy were 58.88 ± 10.41 (possible score 20–80), 16.15 ± 2.91 (possible score 0–25), 5.24 ± 1.99 (possible score 0–10), respectively. There was a significant positive correlation among self-management, knowledge and self-efficacy. Conclusions The level of self-management was moderate among patients under haemodialysis. Effective interventions including training related to dialysis system, laboratory tests and diet are needed to improve self-management among patients under haemodialysis.
Molecular detection of type II polyketide synthase genes in Cuban soils

Molecular detection methods were developed to study the distribution of type II polyketide synthase (PKS) genes in Cuban soils. A PCR based detection method targeting the α and β ketosynthase genes was applied to a number of different total community DNA samples. These genes were detected in 43% of samples tested from a number of different locations. A botanical garden site located in Havana, Cuba, was found to show the greatest distribution of type II PKS genes across the sites tested. It was not possible to amplify type II PKS genes from a pristine island site off the coast of Cuba. Further investigation revealed that actinornycetes containing type II PKS were present in the soil community at a level above the detection limit of the PCR protocol. Further total community DNA cleanup steps failed to allow the detection of type II PKS genes within the DNA samples suggesting PCR inhibition was responsible for negative results. The molecular detection of type II PKS genes in total community DNA was compared to the detection of type II PKS genes in actinomycete isolates. A lack of correlation between these two approaches was observed with the molecular detection limit unable to amplify type II PKS genes in <50% of crop soils tested. Actinomycetes containing type II PKS genes could be isolated from all crop soils tested. No difference was seen in the detection of type II PKS genes between rhizosphere and bulk soil samples. Actinomycetes were isolated using a selective isolation procedure at a level of approximately 10(7) cfu g-1 soil compared to 10(8) cfu g-1 for total bacterial counts. Actinomycetes were isolated from Cuban crop soils and screened for the presence of type II PKS genes. Out of 100 isolates 26 were found to contain the genes of interest. Phylogenetic analysis of these isolates based on 16S rDNA and recA sequence data showed them to be closely grouped within the streptomycetes. Sequence data based on KSα genes from Cuban isolates showed them to be representative of both spore pigment and antibiotic polyketide genes. A representative clone library was constructed containing type II PKS genes amplified from total community DNA. Rhizosphere and bulk soil samples were compared from the same site. Sequences obtained from rhizosphere total community DNA appeared to be widely distributed when compared to published sequences and included examples of both spore pigment and antibiotic polyketide genes. A molecular method was developed to amplify near full length α and β KS genes from type II PKS gene clusters. Expression vectors were constructed to allow these genes to be expressed along with an ACP to give a functional minimal PKS for polyketide chain production. This method was used on total community DNA in an attempt to extract diverse genes from as yet uncultured organisms.
Home Bias and Performance: a study with Brazilian mutual funds

Considering the benefits of investing in foreign stocks, and, in contrast, the occurrence of the home bias phenomenon, this research aimed to analyze the relationship between home bias and performance. The sample of the study is comprised of 488 Brazilian mutual funds. We employed a multivariate regression model to analyze the relationship among the variables. As a performance proxy, we adopted the Sharpe index for the period from January, 2010 to December, 2015. The average level of investments in foreign stocks was the independent variable of interest. The main results indicated that home bias seems to be costly and probably it occurs due behavioral biases. In a second regression model, we also found that the mutual funds designed for qualified investors and those requiring higher levels of minimum value for investment tend to present lower levels of home bias.
Tracking the dynamic nature of learner individual differences: Initial results from a longitudinal study

Individual differences (IDs) have long been considered one of the most important factors explaining variable rates and outcomes in second language acquisition (Dewaele, 2013). While traditional operationalizations of IDs have, explicitly or implicitly, assumed that IDs are static traits that are stable through time, more recent research inspired by complex dynamic systems theory (Larsen-Freeman, 1997, 2020) demonstrates that many IDs are dynamic and variable through time and across contexts, a theme echoed throughout the current issue. This study reports the initial semester of a diachronic project investigating the dynamicity of four learner IDs: motivation, personality, learning and cognitive styles, and working memory. In the initial semester, data from 323 participants in their first year of university-level Spanish were collected and analyzed to determine what type of variability may be present across learners with respect to the four IDs studied at one time point and to discern possible learner profiles in the data or patterns via which the data may be otherwise meaningfully described. The results revealed four types of learner profiles present in the dataset.
Improvement of student’s learning outcomes and motivation with chemical practicum e-module

The use of modules has an effect on students’ motivation and students’ learning outcomes. Based on the analysis of learning outcomes data using paired sample t-test SPSS 21 shows that t count (4.872)> t table (2.354) at significance α = 0.05, which means that there are differences in students’ learning outcomes taught using chemistry practicum e-modules and practicum modules conventional. Students’ learning outcomes by utilizing the chemistry practicum e-modules are higher than students’ learning outcomes by utilizing conventional practicum modules. 93.24% of students have very strong motivation to study in the laboratory by utilizing the chemistry practicum e-module while by utilizing conventional practicum modules by 72.98%. Meanwhile, the Pearson Correlation test is 0.613 at significance α = 0.05, which means that there is a strong relationship between learning motivation and student learning outcomes. Keywords: Chemistry; e-module; learning outcomes; motivation; practicum
Do workers respond differently to learning from supervisors and colleagues? A study of job resources, learning sources and employee wellbeing in China

Abstract This study examines two sources of workplace learning (via supervisors and via colleagues) as potential mediators accounting for the effects of social support and training on employee wellbeing. Analysis of survey data from 279 Chinese workers reveals that they react to the two sources of learning differently, possibly as a consequence of a high-power-distance culture. Learning from supervisors is the only significant mediator in the relationships between social support and training, on the one hand, and employee wellbeing (physical health, work engagement and job satisfaction), on the other. This demonstrates that different forms of workplace learning can have different antecedents and consequences, and suggests that the supervisor-employee dyad is particularly important for work-related learning in China. The study shows that a learning-based mediation process contributes to job-resources-to-wellbeing relationships, and should be factored into future theorization in the job demands-resources (JD-R) framework.
Profiles of adolescents’ civic attitudes in sixteen countries: Examining cross-cohort changes from 1999 to 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine profiles of students’ attitudes toward citizenship norms and inclusiveness in the political process, focusing on changes in the frequency of particular profiles and in the strength of predictors across a decade. Using data from 16 countries participating in the 1999 and 2009 International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement civic education studies, we identified five attitudinal profiles. Profiles defined by negative attitudes toward diverse social groups decreased over time, whereas profiles defined by very positive attitudes toward diverse groups increased, particularly in western Europe. Although some post-Communist countries demonstrated trends toward more positive attitudinal profiles, others trended toward profiles defined by weaker citizenship norms. Across countries and cohorts, more positive profiles were associated with stronger school climates and expectations of civic participation.
Chemistry Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina

In this paper, the education system in Bosnia and Herzegovina is presented in the light of current state-level legislation, with an emphasis on chemistry education at the primary, secondary and tertiary level. The consequences of the last war in our country still persist and are visible in many aspects of everyday life, including the education system, thus limiting the efforts of education professionals to follow international trends in education. There are three valid curricula for primary education at the national level, each of which differs in the national group of school subjects. Teaching methods are common for all three curricula and are mainly teacher-oriented. The situation is similar with regard to secondary education. Study programmes at the university level are organised in accordance with the Bologna principles. The programmes are made by the universities themselves and approved by the corresponding ministry of education. Chemical education research in Bosnia and Herzegovina is mainly conducted at the University of Sarajevo. It deals with (1) the problems of experimental work in chemistry teaching, resulting in more than 60 experiments optimised for primary and secondary school, (2) integrating the knowledge of chemistry, physics and physical chemistry for university students, with regard to students’ difficulties observed during university courses and potential solutions, and (3) the effectiveness of web-based learning material in primary school chemistry for the integration of macroscopic and submicroscopic levels. For the purpose of this paper, official documents for primary, secondary and higher education have been used.
How Gender-Biased Tools Shape Newcomer Experiences in OSS Projects

Previous research has revealed that newcomer women are disproportionately affected by gender-biased barriers in open source software (OSS) projects. However, this research has focused mainly on social/cultural factors, neglecting the software tools and infrastructure. To shed light on how OSS tools and infrastructure might factor into OSS barriers to entry, we conducted two studies: (1) a field study with five teams of software professionals, who worked through five use cases to analyze the tools and infrastructure used in their OSS projects; and (2) a diary study with 22 newcomers (9 women and 13 men) to investigate whether the barriers matched the ones identified by the software professionals. The field study produced a bleak result: software professionals found gender biases in 73 percent of all the newcomer barriers they identified. Further, the diary study confirmed these results: Women newcomers encountered gender biases in 63 percent of barriers they faced. Fortunately, many kinds of barriers and biases revealed in these studies could potentially be ameliorated through changes to the OSS software environments and tools.
Qualidade física de um latossolo vermelho sob sistema de semeadura direta e cultivo convencional = Physical quality of an oxisol under no-tillage and conventional tillage

Para garantir a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agricolas, a compreensao e a quantificacao do impacto do uso e manejo do solo na sua qualidade fisica sao de fundamental importância. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a qualidade de um Latossolo Vermelho sob cultivo convencional (CC) e sistema de semeadura direta (PD), por meio de diferentes indicadores fisicos. Os sistemas de uso e manejo do solo foram: CC e PD por sete e oito anos consecutivos (solo de textura media) e CC e PD por nove e dez anos consecutivos (solo de textura argilosa). Foram determinadas, nas camadas de 0-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,30 m, a resistencia do solo a penetracao, a porosidade total, a macroporosidade e a microporosidade, a retencao de agua no solo, o indice S, a densidade, a densidade do solo maxima e tambem a densidade do solo relativa. Foi verificada grande variacao da resistencia do solo a penetracao ao longo do ciclo das culturas da soja e do milho, sendo que seus maiores valores foram constatados nas camadas superficiais. Dentre os sistemas de manejo, o PD apresentou maior resistencia do solo a penetracao. Dentre os sistemas de manejo, o CC apresentou melhores resultados em relacao aos indicadores de qualidade fisica do solo.
Endemic evolutionary radiation of Rhagada land snails (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in a continental archipelago in northern Western Australia

In the Dampier Archipelago of Western Australia's Pilbara Region, several locally endemic, morphologically distinctive species of Rhagada land snails occur, contrasting with the morphologically conservative species with wider distributions on the adjacent mainland. To test alternative origins of this unusual local diversity in a continental archipelago, we examined sequences of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and 16S mitochondrial genes in 22 described species and eight undescribed forms, including all known morphospecies from the Pilbara Region's Dampier Archipelago and adjacent mainland. Phylogenetic analyses consistently resolved four, deep clades within the Pilbara Region, with a mean sequence divergence of 15–18%. All but one of the species from the Dampier Archipelago formed one of the major clades, indicating that the morphological radiation in the archipelago evolved locally, rather than through multiple, relictual mainland lineages. Morphological divergence spanning almost that of the entire genus was within a subclade with sequence divergence < 4%, highlighting the disconnection between morphological diversification and levels of molecular genetic divergence. This in situ morphological radiation in the Dampier Archipelago, which transcends variation seen over much larger distances on the mainland, is unusual for a continental archipelago, and may relate to local heterogeneity of land forms. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 106, 316–327.
Corporate Bankruptcy Prediction Model, a Special Focus on Listed Companies in Kenya

Predicting bankruptcy of companies has been a hot subject of focus for many economists. The rationale for developing and predicting the financial distress of a company is to develop a predictive model used to forecast the financial condition of a company by combining several econometric variables of interest to the researcher. The study sought to introduce deep learning models for corporate bankruptcy forecasting using textual disclosures. The study constructed a comprehensive study model for predicting bankruptcy based on listed companies in Kenya. The study population included all 64 listed companies in the Nairobi Securities Exchange for ten years. Logistic analysis was used in building a model for predicting the financial distress of a company. The findings revealed that asset turnover, total asset, and working capital ratio had positive coefficients. On the other hand, inventory turnover, debt-equity ratio, debtors turnover, debt ratio, and current ratio had negative coefficients. The study concluded that inventory turnover, asset turnover, debt-equity ratio, debtors turnover, total asset, debt ratio, current ratio, and working capital ratio were the most significant ratios for predicting bankruptcy.
Signalling and behaviour of Globodera pallida in the rhizosphere of the trap crop Solanum sisymbriifolium

Potato cyst nematodes (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida, are economically important pests of potato (Solanum tuberosum) crops in potato growing regions worldwide. Integrated management is under threat, with effective nematicides increasingly being withdrawn on environmental and health grounds. Alternative strategies are urgently needed and trap cropping could be one of them. The non-tuber-bearing Solanum sisymbriifolium is regarded as an effective trap crop for PCN with strong hatching ability and immunity to PCN infection and has been used in the UK and The Netherlands. However, its mode of action is unknown. In order to shed light on the mode of action so that a novel control strategy could be identified, the interactions between G. pallida and S. sisymbriifolium were investigated using in vitro bioassays. In choice assays, G. pallida J2s were equally attracted to the roots of S. sisymbriifolium and to those of S. tuberosum. However, potato root diffusate (PRD), which is routinely used to induce PCN hatch, failed to attract G. pallida J2s in chemotaxis bioassays, indicating hatching factors (HFs) and soluble compounds present in PRD are not involved in attraction of G. pallida J2s to potato roots. The J2s invaded the roots of S. sisymbriifolium in large numbers but failed to develop further. To facilitate continuous observation of nematode development, a novel in vitro method was devised with the use of Pluronic F-127, which requires no sterilisation, and the life cycle of G. pallida was successfully observed in S. tuberosum roots. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses of defence related genes of S. tuberosum and S. sisymbriifolium infected with G. pallida revealed up-regulation of the chitinase gene (ChtC 2.1) at 3 days post inoculation in S. sisymbriifolium but not in S. tuberosum. Electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry analyses of root exudate extracts of the two Solanum species and subsequent bioassay-guided fractionation showed that the HF of S. sisymbriifolium differs from that of S. tuberosum. Previously, attention had been solely paid to the hatching ability of the root exudate of S. sisymbriifolium, but this study revealed for the first time that the aerial part extract possesses a significant hatching ability.
Colored Bell Pepper Yields from Cultivars Grown in High Tunnels in Northern New England

High tunnels can facilitate production of ripe colored bell peppers (Capsicum annuum) in locations with short growing seasons by extending the length of the growing season and protecting fruit from biotic and abiotic stressors. We grew 10 cultivars of bell pepper over 3 years in a high tunnel in Durham, NH. Yields of marketable colored fruit ranged from 1576 to 2285 g/plant in 2015, from 1194 to 1839 g/plant in 2016, and 1471 to 2358 g/plant in 2017. Significant differences in marketable yield among cultivars existed only in 2015 and 2017. Of the 10 cultivars evaluated, those developed for controlled environments produced greater marketable yields than those developed for production in the field or unheated tunnels (P < 0.0001). The seasonal production patterns were similar among cultivars in all 3 years: a single peak in production occurred between 159 and 175 days after seeding, followed by much lower but steady production until frost ended each growing season. Our results demonstrate that reasonable yields of colored bell peppers can be produced in high tunnels in locations with short growing seasons. We suggest that further work may be needed to identify optimal pruning and canopy management strategies to maximize yields and fruit quality.
Standaardlijst van de Nederlandse flora 2003

The present Standard List is the updated sixth edition in the series ‘Standard List of the Flora of the Netherlands’. Standard Lists have regularly been published since 1971 with intervals of 4 to 8 years and give an up-to-date survey of the vascular plant species occurring in the Netherlands. The present Standard List gives for each species: (1) the taxon code number, (2) the scientific name, (3) the vernacular name in Dutch, (4) the rarity for three periods in the 20th century according to the KFK-scale, (5) the Red List category to which it belongs, (6, 7) the origin and – relevant for non-indigenous species – the period of naturalization, (8, 9) the dispersal and seed bank categories to which it belongs, and (10, 11) the ecological species groups to which it belongs according to two classification systems. The species are arranged in alphabetical order of scientific names. The incorporation of vernacular names, origins and periods of naturalization, and dispersal and seed bank categories is new in this edition of the Standard List. The present Standard List includes 1536 taxa – mainly species and only few subspecies and cultivars –, which is 59 taxa more than the previous Standard List of 1996.
MARKETING TOOLS IN THE ERA OF DIGITIZATION AND THEIR USE IN PRACTICE BY FAMILY AND OTHER BUSINESSES

: This article addresses Marketing 4.0 as an exceptionally dynamic ﬁ eld for company competitiveness that is evolving rapidly. The main goal of this article is to evaluate and compare the overall level of use of modern marketing tools in practice by family and non-family businesses, and subsequently to measure the dependence between the extent of Marketing 4.0 activities and number of employees, volume of sales, ﬁ eld of business, and year the company was established. Primary and secondary data was analyzed using basic and advanced statistical methodologies, including the testing of six hypotheses. The study showed that for both family and non-family businesses there has not been any signi ﬁ cant increase in overall marketing vitality in the years studied. Indeed, the long-term focus of companies on values provided to customers and relationships with customers was con ﬁ rmed. The results further showed that from the perspective of marketing vitality, one of the currently more signi ﬁ cant weaknesses of smaller companies in particular of both family and non-family types is a missing or insuf ﬁ cient strategy for realization of marketing activities. This study con ﬁ rms the dependence of the level of overall marketing vitality on sales volume and company size by number of employees, but on the other hand no dependence was proven between marketing vitality on ﬁ eld of business or year company established. This study evaluates the liminality and states that family businesses above all others address what is for them the more important strategic question, namely that of succession. The study is unique in that it compares the results of three studies carried out between 2016 and 2019. The context of this study is framed by an appeal to eliminate barriers to change and rapid response by companies to the needs, requirements, and expectations of customers operating in the online world.