Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of normative brain volume reports on the diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementia disorders in neuroradiology: A real-world, clinical practice study

Background: Normative brain volume reports (NBVR) are becoming more available in the work-up of patients with suspected dementia disorders, potentially leveraging the value of structural MRI in clinical settings. The present study aims to investigate the impact of NBVRs on the diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementia disorders in real-world clinical practice. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 112 memory clinic patients, who were consecutively referred for MRI and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) during a 12-month period. Structural MRI was assessed by two residents with 2 and 3 years of neuroimaging experience. Statements and diagnostic confidence regarding the presence of a neurodegenerative disorder in general (first level) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pattern in particular (second level) were recorded without and with NBVR information. FDG-PET served as the reference standard. Results: Overall, despite a trend towards increased accuracy, the impact of NBVRs on diagnostic accuracy was low and non-significant. We found a significant drop of sensitivity (0.75–0.58; p < 0.001) and increase of specificity (0.62–0.85; p < 0.001) for rater 1 at identifying patients with neurodegenerative dementia disorders. Diagnostic confidence increased for rater 2 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Overall, NBVRs had a limited impact on diagnostic accuracy in real-world clinical practice. Potentially, NBVR might increase diagnostic specificity and confidence of neuroradiology residents. To this end, a well-defined framework for integration of NBVR in the diagnostic process and improved algorithms of NBVR generation are essential.
Association of time to groin puncture with patient outcome after endovascular therapy stratified by etiology

Background Randomized clinical trials and large stroke registries have demonstrated a time-dependent benefit of endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). The aim of this study was to investigate whether this could be applied to different stroke subtypes in a real-world single-center cohort. Materials and methods Consecutive ischemic stroke patients with LVOs presenting within 24 h after symptom onset were prospectively registered and retrospectively assessed. Baseline multimodal imaging was conducted before EVT. Independent predictors of functional independence [90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS), 0–2] and any incidence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were explored using a stepwise logistic regression model in the entire cohort and in stroke subtypes. Results From 2015 to 2020, 140 eligible patients received EVT, of whom 59 (42%) were classified as large artery atherosclerosis (LAA)-related. Time from last known normal to groin puncture was identified as an independent predictor for functional independence in patients of cardioembolic (CE) subtype [odds ratio (OR) 0.90 per 10 min; 95% CI 0.82–0.98; P = 0.013] but not in the LAA subtype and the whole cohort. Groin puncture within 6 h after the time of last known normal was associated with a lower risk of any ICH in the whole cohort (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.17–0.75, P = 0.007). Sensitivity analysis of patients with complete imaging profiles also confirmed the above findings. Besides, compared with patients of the CE subtype, the LAA subtype had a smaller baseline ischemic core volume, a better collateral status, a slower core growth rate, and a numerically smaller final infarct volume. Conclusion Faster groin puncture has a more pronounced effect on the functional outcome in patients of CE subtype than those of LAA subtype. Reducing time to groin puncture is of great importance in improving the prognosis of patients after EVT, especially those of CE subtype, and reducing the incidence of any ICH in all patients.
Factors influencing consumers’ willingness to accept service robots: Based on online reviews of Chinese hotels

The application of robots in service industry is increasing. Compared with related studies in other countries, the research on users’ acceptance of mid-range and high-range hotel service robots in China is preliminary. Based on the interaction between Chinese consumers and hotel service robots, this study explored the factors that influence consumers’ willingness to accept robots in human–robot interaction. According to the service robot integration willingness scale (performance efficacy, intrinsic motivation, anthropomorphism, social influence, facilitating conditions, and emotion), this study conducted content analysis and sentiment analysis on 4,107 online reviews from 68 mid-range and high-range hotels in Qunar. The results showed that users’ overall evaluation of robot service in mid-range and high-range hotels is positive. The most frequently mentioned dimension by users is performance efficacy, followed by intrinsic motivation, anthropomorphism, and emotion, finally, the facilitating conditions, the five dimensions have positive impact on users’ evaluation of service robots; the influence of social influence on human–robot interaction evaluation has not been found. This study supplements the research on service robot and provides a reference for hotel managers to make decisions.
Sleep health among people with severe mental ill health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a linked UK population cohort study

Objectives Sleep problems are a transdiagnostic feature of nearly all psychiatric conditions, and a strong risk factor for initial and recurrent episodes. However, people with severe mental ill health (SMI) are often excluded from general population surveys, and as such the extent and associates of poor sleep in this population are less well understood. This study explores sleep health in an SMI sample during the COVID-19 pandemic, using multiple regression to identify risk factors, including daily routine, wellbeing and demographics. Methods An existing cohort of people with an SMI diagnosis were sampled. Participants were invited to complete a self-report survey about their health and the impacts of COVID-19 and associated public health measures. Sleep duration, efficiency, and quality were measured using items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results Two hundred forty-nine adults (aged 21–84 years) completed the survey. Mean sleep duration and efficiency were similar to general population estimates, at 7 h 19 min and 78%, respectively. However, 43% reported “bad” sleep quality that was associated with being younger in age as well as disturbed routine and declined wellbeing. Indeed, 37% reported a disturbed routine during the pandemic. Conclusions High estimates of perceived poor sleep quality in the SMI population align with previous findings. Supporting people with SMI to maintain routine regularity may work to protect sleep quality and wellbeing. Future research should more closely examine sleep health in people with SMI, using accessible and scalable measures of objective and subjective sleep, examining longitudinal trends.
Abdominal cocoon syndrome (idiopathic sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis): An extremely rare cause of small bowel obstruction—Two case reports and a review of literature

Introduction Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in which the bowel and internal abdominal organs are wrapped with a fibrocollagenous cocoon-like encapsulating membrane [1,2]. SEP is divided into two entities: abdominal cocoons (AC), also known as idiopathic or primary sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, which is of extremely rare type, and secondary sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, which is the more common type. Case presentation Two male patients from India, a 26 year old and a 36 year old, presented to our hospital complaining about abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting without any history of previous surgical interventions; the patients' vitals were stable. Preoperative diagnosis of abdominal cocoon was established by abdominal computed tomography. It showed multiple dilated fluid-filled small bowel loops in the center of the abdominal cavity with thin soft tissue, non-enhancing capsules encasing the small bowel loops with mesenteric congestion involving small and large bowel loops. Both patients underwent complete surgical excision of the sac without intraoperative complications. Patients had a smooth postoperative hospital course and were discharged home in good conditions. Conclusion Patients with abdominal cocoons have a non-specific clinical presentation of intestinal obstruction. A high index of clinical suspicion in combination with the appropriate radiological investigation will increase the chance of preoperative detection of the abdominal cocoon. In patients with complete bowel obstruction, complete excision of the peritoneal sac is the standard of care.
Cosmological Evolution of Galaxies

I review the subject of the cosmological evolution of galaxies, including different aspects of growth in disk galaxies, by focussing on the angular momentum problem, mergers, and their by-products. I discuss the alternative to merger-driven growth -- cold accretion and related issues. In the follow-up, I review possible feedback mechanisms and their role in galaxy evolution. Special attention is paid to high-redshift galaxies and their properties. In the next step, I discuss a number of processes, gas- and stellar-dynamical, within the central kiloparsec of disk galaxies, and their effect on the larger spatial scales, as well as on the formation and fuelling of the seed black holes in galactic centres at high redshifts.
Parvalbumin and parvalbumin chandelier interneurons in autism and other psychiatric disorders

Parvalbumin (PV) is a calcium binding protein expressed by inhibitory fast-spiking interneurons in the cerebral cortex. By generating a fast stream of action potentials, PV+ interneurons provide a quick and stable inhibitory input to pyramidal neurons and contribute to the generation of gamma oscillations in the cortex. Their fast-firing rates, while advantageous for regulating cortical signaling, also leave them vulnerable to metabolic stress. Chandelier (Ch) cells are a type of PV+ interneuron that modulate the output of pyramidal neurons and synchronize spikes within neuron populations by directly innervating the pyramidal axon initial segment. Changes in the morphology and/or function of PV+ interneurons, mostly of Ch cells, are linked to neurological disorders. In ASD, the number of PV+ Ch cells is decreased across several cortical areas. Changes in the morphology and/or function of PV+ interneurons have also been linked to schizophrenia, epilepsy, and bipolar disorder. Herein, we review the role of PV and PV+ Ch cell alterations in ASD and other psychiatric disorders.
Investigation and analysis of etiology associated with porcine respiratory disease complex in China from 2017 to 2021

Porcine respiratory diseases complex (PRDC) is a highly serious threat to the pig industry. In the present study, we investigated and analyzed the etiology associated with PRDC and explored the role of viruses in respiratory bacterial infections. From 2017 to 2021, clinical samples were collected from 1,307 pigs with typical respiratory symptoms in 269 farms in China and screened for pathogens related to PRDC by PCR and bacterial isolation. The results indicated that PRRSV (41.16%, 95%CI: 38.49~43.83%), PCV2 (21.58%,95%CI: 19.35~23.81%), S. suis (63.50%, 95%CI: 60.89~66.11%), and G. parasuis (28.54%, 95%CI: 26.09~30.99%) were the most commonly detected pathogens in pigs with PRDC in China. The dominant epidemic serotypes (serogroups) of S. suis, G. parasuis, and P. multocida were serotype 2, serotype 1, and capsular serogroups D, respectively. Pigs of different ages exhibited different susceptibilities to these pathogens, e.g., PRRSV, PCV2, and G. parasuis had the highest detection rates in nursery pigs, whereas fattening pigs had the highest detection rates of P. multocida and A. pleuropneumoniae. Among the 1,307 pigs, the detection rates of S. suis, G. parasuis, P. multocida, and B. bronchiseptica were higher in virus-positive pigs, especially G. parasuis and P. multocida were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than in virus-negative pigs. In addition, a strong positive correlation was found between coinfection by PRRSV and G. parasuis (OR = 2.33, 95%CI: 1.12~2.14), PRRSV and P. multocida (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.12~2.14), PCV2 and P. multocida (OR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.33~3.87), PRRSV-PCV2 and S. suis (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.29~2.60), PRRSV-PCV2 and G. parasuis (OR = 3.39, 95%CI: 2.42~4.74), and PRRSV-PCV2 and P. multocida (OR = 2.09, 95%CI: 1.46~3.00). In summary, PRRSV, PCV2, S. suis, and G. parasuis were the major pathogens in pigs with PRDC, and coinfections of two or more PRDC-related pathogens with strong positive correlations were common in China, such as PRRSV and G. parasuis, PRRSV and P. multocida, PCV2 and P. multocida, and also PRRSV-PCV2 and G. parasuis and PRRSV-PCV2 and P. multocida.
Is participatory leadership conducive to the construction of virtual teams? Based on multi-agent simulation model

In the Post-COVID-19 Era, with the continuous improvement of the technical level, virtual teams are constantly evolving, and the relationship between leadership and the construction of virtual teams has received more and more attention. It is of great significance to explore the influence of participatory leadership on the construction of virtual teams from a psychological perspective by building a multi-agent simulation model. Based on a simulation platform of NetLogo, the results showed that (1) Participatory leadership is conducive to the expansion of the scale of virtual teams by providing greater space for the development of the members of virtual teams and meeting the team members’ requirements of planning and promotion in the environment, which is decentralized and non-authoritative. (2) However, losing management is not conducive to building a reasonable structure of team members under participatory leadership. (3) The scale of virtual teams and the efficiency of the virtual teams all depend on the relationship between participatory leadership, organizational trust, incentive mode, and the balance between cooperation and competition.
Soluble guanylyl cyclase: Molecular basis for ligand selectivity and action in vitro and in vivo

Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), oxygen (O2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are gaseous molecules that play important roles in the physiology and pathophysiology of eukaryotes. Tissue concentrations of these physiologically relevant gases vary remarkable from nM range for NO to high μM range of O2. Various hemoproteins play a significant role in sensing and transducing cellular signals encoded by gaseous molecules or in transporting them. Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is a hemoprotein that plays vital roles in a wide range of physiological functions and combines the functions of gaseous sensor and signal transducer. sGC uniquely evolved to sense low non-toxic levels of NO and respond to elevated NO levels by increasing its catalytic ability to generate the secondary signaling messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This review discusses sGC’s gaseous ligand selectivity and the molecular basis for sGC function as high-affinity and selectivity NO receptor. The effects of other gaseous molecules and small molecules of cellular origin on sGC’s function are also discussed.
The immune landscape of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma

Introduction Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) can be associated with a relatively dense immune infiltration. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD1, anti-PDL1, and anti-CTLA4) are effective in 20% of UPS patients. We characterize the immune microenvironment of UPS and its association with oncologic outcomes. Material and methods Surgically resected UPS samples were stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the following: tumor-associated immune cells (CD3, CD8, CD163, CD20), immune checkpoints (stimulatory: OX40, ICOS; inhibitory: PD-L1, LAG3, IDO1, PD1), and the adenosine pathway (CD73, CD39). Sections were reviewed for the presence of lymphoid aggregates (LA). Clinical data were retrospectively obtained for all samples. The Wilcoxon rank-sum and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare distributions. Correlations between biomarkers were measured by Spearman correlation. Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to identify biomarkers associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Unsupervised clustering was performed, and Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests used for comparison of OS and DFS between immune clusters. Results Samples analyzed (n=105) included 46 primary tumors, 34 local recurrences, and 25 metastases. LA were found in 23% (n=10/43), 17% (n=4/24), and 30% (n=7/23) of primary, recurrent, and metastatic samples, respectively. In primary UPS, CD73 expression was significantly higher after preoperative radiation therapy (p=0.009). CD39 expression was significantly correlated with PD1 expression (primary: p=0.002, recurrent: p=0.004, metastatic: p=0.001), PD-L1 expression (primary: p=0.009), and CD3+ cell densities (primary: p=0.016, recurrent: p=0.043, metastatic: p=0.028). In recurrent tumors, there was a strong correlation between CD39 and CD73 (p=0.015), and both were also correlated with CD163+ cell densities (CD39 p=0.013; CD73 p<0.001). In multivariate analyses, higher densities of CD3+ and CD8+ cells (Cox Hazard Ratio [HR]=0.33; p=0.010) were independently associated with OS (CD3+, HR=0.19, p<0.001; CD8+, HR= 0.33, p=0.010) and DFS (CD3+, HR=0.34, p=0.018; CD8+, HR=0.34, p= 0.014). Unsupervised clustering of IHC values revealed three immunologically distinct clusters: immune high, intermediate, and low. In primary tumors, these clusters were significantly associated with OS (log-rank p<0.0001) and DFS (p<0.001). Conclusion We identified three immunologically distinct clusters of UPS Associated with OS and DFS. Our data support further investigations of combination anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and adenosine pathway inhibitors in UPS.
Identification and Quantification of Anthocyanin and Catechin Compounds in Purple Tea Leaves and Flakes

Tea is the first most popular beverage worldwide and is available in several selections such as black (fully oxidized), Oolong (partially oxidized) and green (non-oxidized), in addition to purple tea, an emerging variety derived from the same tea plant (Camellia sinensis). This study investigated purple tea leaves (non-oxidized) and flakes (water extractable) to thoroughly identify their composition of anthocyanins and catechins and to study the effect of a water extraction process on their compositional properties in comparison with green tea. Anthocyanin and catechin compounds were separated and quantified using UPLC, and their identity was confirmed using LC-MS/MS in positive and negative ionization modes. Delphinidin was the principal anthocyaninidin in purple tea, while cyanidin came in second. The major anthocyanin pigments in purple tea were delphinidin-coumaroyl-hexoside followed by delphinidin-3-galactoside and cyanidin-coumaroyl-hexoside. The water extraction process resulted in substantial reductions in anthocyanins in purple tea flakes. There were no anthocyanin compounds detected in green tea samples. Both purple and green tea types were rich in catechins, with green tea containing higher concentrations than purple tea. The main catechin in purple or green tea was epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) followed by either epicatechin gallate (ECG) or epigallocatechin (EGC), subject to tea type. The extraction process increased the concentration of catechins in both purple and green tea flakes. The results suggest that purple tea holds promise in making healthy brews, natural colorants and antioxidants and/or functional ingredients for beverages, cosmetics and healthcare industries due to its high content of anthocyanins and catechins.
Dorsal root ganglion stimulation combined with spinal cord stimulation for effective treatment of postherpetic neuralgia - A case report Seung

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a neuropathic pain result-ing from herpes zoster infection. Herpes zoster infection usually presents as an acutely painful vesicular rash that affects the dermatome. It usually resolves within a few weeks; how-ever, it can be complicated by persistent neuropathic pain. A systemic the estimated incidence of herpes zoster ranged between 3–5/1,000 North both with age and with immunity. When neuropathic pain persists for more than 30–90 days after the of the acute herpes zoster PHN Background: Although spinal cord stimulation (SCS) can be a treatment option for intractable postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), obtaining proper stimulation at the thoracic dermatome is difficult. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation may be an effective treatment for patients with insufficient efficacy in SCS only. Case : A 54-year-old male with intractable PHN was referred to our clinic. Pain was localized to the distribution of the T1–3 dermatomes. SCS trial was conducted, and lead was placed within the epidural space over the C6–T1 level; however, the stimulation was inadequate for his pain site. Therefore, another lead was placed within the left T1 and T2 DRG for trial, and T1 DRG stimulation provided adequate stimulation. T1 DRG stimulation and SCS could cover the entire pain site with paresthesia, and his pain was decreased by over 50%. Conclusions: DRG stimulation combined with SCS may be a good treatment option for intractable thoracic PHN.
HALAL TOURISM AND ITS MISCONCEPTIONS: REVISITING THE REJECTION OF NON-MUSLIM TOURISM DESTINATIONS

Although numerous studies on the concept, potential, and challenges of halal tourism have been conducted, few, if any study, addressed the rejection of halal tourism. Responding to the polemics surrounding halal tourism in Indonesia, this study seeks to investigate the reasons for tourism stakeholders' rejection of halal tourism, provide theoretical clarification on the stigma on halal tourism, and analyze policies of halal tourism branding in tourism destinations. This literature review employed descriptive-qualitative data analysis. Data was collected from journal articles that defined halal tourism and news articles from online media that discussed the rejection of halal tourism in some non-Muslim destinations in Indonesia. The propositions derived from the previous halal tourism research literature review were presented and used to support the author's conceptual ideas. The findings of this study indicate that the rejection of halal tourism by tourism stakeholders was due to concerns about a change in the destination's image. Meanwhile, the stigma associated with halal tourism stems from a misconception. To avoid prolonged debate and potential social conflict, the Indonesian government can use a more moderate and acceptable term for tourism stakeholders in non-Muslim destinations. Each local tourism authority should encourage the use of the halal label as a destination brand so that tourism policies are not only top-down but also bottom-up.