Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Mediates the Relation Between “Specific Math Anxiety” and Arithmetic Speed

There is a growing consensus that math anxiety highly correlates with trait anxiety and that the emotional component elicited by math anxiety affects math performance. Yet few studies have examined the impact of “specific math anxiety” (high math anxiety and low other kinds of anxiety) on math performance and the underlying physiological and affective mechanism. The present study examines the mediation effect of heart rate variability—an affective measurement indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)—in the relationship between specific math anxiety and arithmetic speed. A total of 386 junior high school students completed a self-reported questionnaire to measure their anxiety level. Among this sample, 29 individuals with specific math anxiety (high math anxiety and low reading and trait anxiety), 29 with specific reading anxiety (high reading anxiety and low math and trait anxiety), 24 with specific trait anxiety (high trait anxiety and low math and reading anxiety), and 22 controls (low math, trait and reading anxiety) were selected to participate in an arithmetic task and a reading task while RSA was recorded when they performed the tasks. Results revealed that individuals with specific math anxiety showed lower RSA and longer reaction time than the other three groups in the arithmetic task. Regression and mediation analyses further revealed that RSA mediated the relation between specific math anxiety and arithmetic speed. The present study provides the first account of evidence for the affective hypothesis of specific math anxiety and suggests that affective responses may be an important mechanism underlying the detrimental effect of specific math anxiety on math performance.
Halophyte Plant Communities Affecting Enzyme Activity and Microbes in Saline Soils of the Yellow River Delta in China

The Yellow River Delta covers a large area of saline soil, which needs to be recovered urgently. As the main local halophytes Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis, and Tamarix chinensis communities play an important role in the improvement of the soil micro-environment. Therefore, we investigated the effect of these three salt-tolerant plant communities on soil enzyme activity in the Yellow River Delta in China. Halophyte plant communities influence the soil micro-ecosystem in the wetland by exerting effects on the physicochemical properties of the soil, and on enzymes and microbial community. In the soil these enzymes affect the redox potential (catalase) and cycling of carbon (dehydrogenase), nitrogen (protease, urease), and phosphorus (acid phosphatase). We analyzed enzyme activity and the relations between the activity of different enzymes, the physicochemical properties of the soil, and the microbial composition. The activity of five enzymes differed significantly between the plant communities. Soil salinity and microbial community composition all influenced enzyme activity. Catalase, protease and urease activity in the soil of the T. chinensis community was significantly higher than in the other two plant communities. Dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activity were significantly higher in the soil of the P. australis community than in the other two communities. In the succession of the plant community from herbs to woody plants with different salt tolerance mechanisms, a large aboveground biomass may support the growth of soil enzyme activity and soil microorganism diversity. This study showed that the belowground processes were strongly related with plant community succession in salt marsh ecosystem.
A POSSIBLE ROLE OF ELEVATED BREAST MILK LACTOFERRIN AND THE CYTOKINE IL-17 LEVELS IN PREDICTING EARLY ALLERGY IN INFANTS: A PILOT STUDY

In this study, we examined the relationship between levels of lactoferrin (LF) and IL-17 in human serum and breast milk and the development of allergy in children. LF and IL-17 levels were determined by ELISA in healthy (n=19) and allergic mothers (n=21) on the 5th day after delivery. Two years later, information on breastfeeding and allergic outcomes was collected by questionnaires from parents of both groups and district child care nurses. Significantly higher concentrations of LF were found in the breast milk of allergic mothers compared to the healthy controls. At 2 years of age, only those three infants became allergic from the atopic group in whose starting breast milk samples a very high LF level (306 μg mg–1 protein) or simultaneously elevated concentrations of LF and IL-17 were measured. These findings indicate that the very early measurement of LF and IL-17 levels in the breast milk of allergic mothers may help to predict the allergy development in their infants.
Environmental Awareness Gained During a Citizen Science Project in Touristic Resorts Is Maintained After 3 Years Since Participation

Tourism is one of the largest economic sectors in the world. It has a positive effect on the economy of many countries, but it can also lead to negative impacts on local ecosystems. Informal environmental education through Citizen Science (CS) projects can be effective in increasing citizen environmental knowledge and awareness in the short-term. A change of awareness could bring to a behavioral change in the long-term, making tourism more sustainable. However, the long-term effects of participating in CS projects are still unknown. This is the first follow-up study concerning the effects of participating in a CS project on cognitive and psychological aspects at the basis of pro-environmental behavior. An environmental education program was developed, between 2012 and 2013, in a resort in Marsa Alam, Egypt. The study directly evaluated, through paper questionnaires, the short-term (after 1 week or 10 days) retention of knowledge and awareness of volunteers that had participated in the activities proposed by the program. After three years, participants were re-contacted via email to fill in the same questionnaire as in the short-term study, plus a new section with psychological variables. 40.5% of the re-contacted participants completed the follow-up questionnaires with a final sample size of fifty-five people for this study. Notwithstanding the limited sample size, positive trends in volunteer awareness, personal satisfaction regarding the CS project, and motivation to engage in pro-environmental behavior in the long-term were observed.
The Use of Graphite in High and Ultrahigh Vacuum: A Review

The state of the art of graphite technology as it pertains to high-vacuum technology has been reviewed. The review reveals that little is known about many of the vacuum properties of graphite, especially degassing characteristics in high vacuum, sticking probabilities, electronic desorption cross sections, sputtering yields, and x-ray production cross sections. The few existing studies which have used graphite in high or ultrahigh vacuum all indicate that, contrary to the popular opinion that graphite is a gassy material, when properly degassed, graphite remains more gas free than the metals commonly used in vacuum components. Specific uses of graphite in vacuum research are suggested. In particular, it is suggested that significant improvements can be achieved in the operation of vacuum gauges and residual gas analyzers by the use of graphite for the electrode material.
Effect of chemical and nano potassic fertilizers on potassium availability at different incubation periods

An incubation experiment was conducted during summer 2017 at Department of Agril. Chemistry & Soil Science, College of Agriculture, JAU, Junagadh. This study has been undertaken to investigate effect of different levels (0, 200, 400 and 600 ppm) of nano and chemical potassic fertilizers at various incubation periods (15th, 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th, 90th, 105th, 120th, 135th and 150th) on potassium availability and water soluble potassium. The time of incubation had the pronounced effect of potassium availability. The potassium availability from both nano and chemical potassic fertilizers increased with increasing days of incubation periods, but increment was found up to 30th days in chemical potassic fertilizer. While, in case of nano fertilizer treated soil, the increment was found up to 60th days of incubation periods, then it was declined in both the cases. The availability of potassium seems to have direct relationship with quantity of applied potassium. The results of incubation study clearly indicated that the availability of potassium was higher with nano fertilizer treated soil as compare to chemical fertilizer applied to soil at all the incubation periods.
Effect of alkalis, phosphorus, and water on the surface tension of haplogranite melt

Abstract The sessile drop method has been used for measurements of the surface tension of haplogranite (HPG) melts containing an excess of alkalis and phosphorous (HPG8, HPG8 + 5 wt% Li2O, 5 wt% Na2O, 20 wt% Na2O, 5 wt% K2O, 5 wt% Rb2O, 5 wt% Cs2O, 10 wt% P2O5) and of Armenian rhyolite in the temperature interval, 650-1665 °C, and at 1 bar pressure. Sessile drops were placed on graphite substrates in a Pyrox tube furnace purged with Ar. Drop shape was monitored with a videocamera and stored in a videorecorder. The surface tension was calculated by measuring the two principal radii of curvature of the drop shape in vertical cross section. The precision of the method was checked against the surface tension of water. The surface tension of HPG and rhyolite melt is ~280-300 ± 5 mN/m in the temperature interval 1200-1400 °C. Temperature dependence of the surface tension of haplogranite melts and rhyolite is weak and positive (dσ/dT = 0.06 to 0.09 mN/m/°C). Addition of 5 wt% of alkali oxides (except Li2O) results in a decrease of the surface tension of haplogranite melts. The HPG melts with 10 wt% P2O5 have 30% higher surface tension than haplogranite melts with excess alkalis, and a negative temperature derivative (dσ/dT = -0.1 mN/m/°C). The HPG melts with 20 wt% Na2O and 5 wt% Li2O exhibit a decrease in surface tension with temperature (dσ/dT = -0.02 and -0.10 mN/m/°C, respectively). The surface tension of HPG8 melt saturated with water at 1-4 kbar was measured on sessile drops quenched at high pressure in an internally heated gas vessel at temperatures of 800-1200 °C. Water pressure significantly decreases the surface tension of melt from 270 mN/m at 1 bar (1000 °C) to 65 mN/m at 4 kbar. At 1 bar in “dry” conditions, dσ/dT = +0.056 mN/m/°C and at 3 kbar of water pressure, dσ/dT = +0.075 mN/m/°C. The decrease in the surface tension of HPG melt at a water pressure of several kbars is from -10 to -30 mN/m/wt% H2O. The increase of water content to more than 10 wt% in granite melts may not result in any significant decrease in the surface tension, which may be explained by formation of a surface sublayer having physical properties very distinct from those of the bulk.
Genetically Predicted Telomere Length and Its Relationship With Alzheimer’s Disease

Are shorter telomeres causal risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD)? This study aimed to examine if shorter telomeres were causally associated with a higher risk of AD using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Two-sample MR methods were applied to the summary effect sizes and standard errors from a genome-wide association study for AD. Twenty single nucleotide polymorphisms of genome-wide significance were selected as instrumental variables for leukocyte telomere length. The main analyses were performed primarily using the random-effects inverse-variance weighted method and complemented with the other three methods: weighted median approaches, MR-Egger regression, and weighted mode approach. The intercept of MR-Egger regression was used to assess horizontal pleiotropy. We found that longer telomeres were associated with lower risks of AD (odds ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.67, 0.93, P = 0.004). Comparable results were obtained using weighted median approaches, MR-Egger regression, and weighted mode approaches. The intercept of the MR-Egger regression was close to zero. This may show that there was not suggestive of horizontal pleiotropy. Our findings provided additional evidence regarding the putative causal association between shorter telomere length and the higher risk of AD.
Ab initio calculation of near‐equilibrium potential and multipole moment surfaces and vibrational frequencies of H+3 and its isotopomers

H+3 potential energies and multipole moments are calculated from a full CI with a 10s, 4p, 2d GTO hydrogen basis. 69 calculated energy points with energies of up to 25 000 cm−1 above the minimum are fitted by a power series expansion in terms of a Morse‐type coordinate with a mean square error of less than 1 cm−1. Rotationless vibrational states with energies of up to 12 000 cm−1 above equilibrium are calculated variationally for ten isotopomers. The resulting band origins for the seven analyzed fundamental transitions show a mean deviation of less than 2 cm−1. For the other predicted frequencies, the errors are expected to be below 0.1% also. The equilibrium bond length of H+3 is predicted to be 0.8732(2) A.
Construction and Comprehensive Analyses of a METTL5-Associated Prognostic Signature With Immune Implication in Lung Adenocarcinomas

For lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), patients of different stages have strong heterogeneity, and their overall prognosis varies greatly. Thus, exploration of novel biomarkers to better clarify the characteristics of LUAD is urgent. Multi-omics information of LUAD patients were collected form TCGA. Three independent LUAD cohorts were obtained from gene expression omnibus (GEO). A multi-omics correlation analysis of METTL5 was performed in TCGA dataset. To build a METTL5-associated prognostic score (MAPS). Spathial and random forest methods were first applied for feature selection. Then, LASSO was implemented to develop the model in TCGA cohort. The prognostic value of MAPS was validated in three independent GEO datasets. Finally, functional annotation was conducted using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the abundances of infiltrated immune cells were estimated by ImmuCellAI algorithm. A total of 901 LUAD patients were included. The expression of METTL5 in LUAD was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissue. And high expression of METTL5 indicated poor prognosis in all different stages (P < 0.001, HR = 1.81). Five genes (RAC1, C11of24, METTL5, RCCD1, and SLC7A5) were used to construct MAPS and MAPS was significantly correlated with poor prognosis (P < 0.001, HR = 2.15). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested MAPS as an independent prognostic factor. Functional enrichment revealed significant association between MAPS and several immune components and pathways. This study provides insights into the potential significance of METTL5 in LUAD and MAPS can serve as a promising biomarker for LUAD.
Distribution of radiocarbon ages of soil organic matter by thermal fractionation

Radiocarbon analysis is an important tool in quantifying soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics within the terrestrial carbon cycle. However, there is increasing appreciation that representing SOM as a single, homogeneous pool with a single, mean 14C concentration is inadequate. We investigate whether the differing patterns in CO2 release during rampedtemperature oxidation reflect organic matter of different ages, and hypothesize that thermally labile SOM (combusting at low temperatures) consists of younger carbon than thermally resistant organic matter. Topsoil samples under contrasting land uses (native vegetation and long-term cultivation) were selected for 14C analysis before and after acid fumigation for the removal of carbonates. Results of bulk 14C analyses showed a significant shift in 14C age from 0.944 Fm under native vegetation to 0.790 Fm under cultivation. Four to 5 “fractions” associated with different CO2-evolution regions were identified by thermal analysis and analyzed for 14C via modifications to NOSAMS’ established “programmed temperature pyrolysis system,” in which discrete CO2 fractions evolved during ramped-temperature oxidation were isotopically characterized by a microwave gas ion source (GIS) continuous-flow AMS (CFAMS) system. Results showed that while acid fumigation removed soil carbonates, the treatment also significantly altered the thermograms and inferred SOM composition. While direct attribution of 14C values to individual peaks is somewhat confounded by overlapping temperature ranges for oxidation of unique populations of carbon, in general, thermally stable fractions of SOM appear to be 14C-depleted compared to thermally reactive (low temperature) fractions regardless of pretreatment.
Effects of Composition and Diameter of PZT Transducers on Energy Harvesting

Energy harvesting from wasted energy is a brilliant idea suitable for the world energy crisis. Piezoelectric materials such as Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) can be used to transform unused mechanical energy to electrical energy that can be stored and used to power electrical devices. Four types of PZT transducer with three different diameters were investigated in this work. The results indicated that the output voltage significantly varies with chemical composition, dimension and figure of merits (d33·g33) of PZT transducers.
Structure of Birnessite Obtained from Decomposition of Permanganate under Soft Hydrothermal Conditions. 1. Chemical and Structural Evolution as a Function of Temperature

The structure of a synthetic K-rich birnessite (KBi) prepared by hydrothermally reacting (4 days at 170 °C) a finely ground KMnO4 powder in acidified water was determined. At room temperature the structure of KBi corresponds to a 3R- polytype which can be described as AbCb‘a‘CaBc‘a‘BcAb‘c‘AbC. using the close-packing formalism. Assuming an orthogonal base-centered unit cell, KBi has a = b√3 = 4.923 A, b = 2.845 A, γ = 90°, and c = 21.492 A. The layer charge deficit originates exclusively from the presence of vacant layer sites as only Mn4+ cations are present in the octahedral layers, and the following structural formula can be proposed: (M □0.074)O2·0.40H2O. The layer charge deficit is compensated by the sole presence of interlayer K in prismatic cavities located above (or below) an empty tridentate cavity of the lower (or upper) layer and below (or above) a Mn octahedron of the upper (or lower) layer. This site is shifted from the center of the prismatic cavity toward its faces. This structure is ess.
R‐Curve Behavior of Silicon Nitride–Titanium Nitride Composites

The R-curve for Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}-40 wt% TiN composites was estimated by the indentation-strength method and compared to that of monolithic Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} with duplex microstructure. Both materials exhibited rising R-curve behavior. The Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}-TiN composites, however, displayed better damage tolerance and higher resistance to crack growth. From TEM observation, it was inferred that this superior performance of Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}-TiN composites can be attributed mainly to stress-induced microcracking at heterophase (Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiN) boundaries.
Predicting effective permittivity of composites containing conductive inclusions at microwave frequencies

We predict the effective dielectric properties at microwave frequencies of composites containing various volume loadings of high conductivity (stainless steel or iron) spheres or flakes by adapting the semi-empirical method developed by McLachlan. Rather than the typical approach of fixing A (A = 1/vc – 1, where vc is percolation threshold) for a given inclusion shape, we consider it as an unknown and fix one of the geometric exponents. We observe that A varies linearly with the inverse of volume loading with a higher slope for flakes than spheres. The exponent is consistently higher for spheres than flakes and for iron than stainless steel. We achieve good agreement between measured and calculated permittivity over a wide range of volume loadings, inclusion shapes, and materials from 3 to 20 GHz.
Detailed Kinetic Model for the Hydro-desulfurization of FCC Naphtha

A detailed kinetic model has been developed that describes the selective hydro-desulfurization chemistry of FCC naphtha at minimal olefin saturation. The FCC naphtha is represented by 348 molecular lumps measured by different gas-chromatographic methods. The reaction chemistry is specified in terms of reaction rules using the structure-oriented lumping (SOL) framework. A total of 15 reaction rules, which describe 444 individual reaction steps, have been used to model the governing chemistry. Relative reactivity relationships among different molecular lumps within the same rule have been derived using model feeds or established results from the literature. The kinetic parameters have been estimated from a comprehensive experimental data set comprising of both pilot plant and commercial refinery data spanning a wide range of process conditions and feed compositions. The kinetic model quantitatively predicts the product composition, product properties, extent of hydro-desulfurization, olefin saturation, and .
DISTRIBUTION BEHAVIOUR OF SOME ACTINIDES AND FISSION PRODUCTS BETWEEN THE CHELEX-100 AND AQUEOUS MEDIA CONTAINING HIGH SALT CONCENTRATION

The distribution behaviour ot U (IV), Th (IV), Pa (V), Zr-Nb, Mq (VI), Te (IV) and Tc (VJI) between the chelate exchanger Chelex-100 Bnd aqueous solutions containing 5M NH3CI or NH4NO3, 2M (NH4SC4 or 10−3-1M Na2co3 at different hydrogen ion concentrations has been investigated. It is found that U (VI) and Th (IV) aie highly sorbed (D ⩽ 103) by the resin from 5M NH4CI solution of pH 2-7, 5M NH,4 NO3 solution of pH 3-7, 2M (NH4 )2 SDt, or 10 M Na2CO 3The possible use of Chelex-100 for removel of U (VI) and Th (IV) from the fission products studied is discussed.
Tapping-Mode AFM Studies Using Phase Detection for Resolution of Nanophases in Segmented Polyurethanes and Other Block Copolymers

The nanophase separated hard segment domains in solvent cast films of a segmented polyurethane and a segmented polyamide elastomer were imaged in real space using phase and topographical information from tapping-mode AFM techniques. A styrene triblock copolymer was used as a control to demonstrate the contrast mechanisms. For the segmented polyurethane and polyamide elastomers, contrast results from local stiffness variations of hard domains beneath a ca. 1 nm thick soft segment overlayer. Domain sizes and dispersity, shape, orientation, spacing, and uniformity in space are uniquely extracted from these real space AFM data. The ca. 7 nm diameter domains were relatively symmetric and uniformly space filling in the polyurethane. They were lamellar or sheetlike in the segmented polyamide elastomer, with a high aspect ratio and no curvature. There was no obvious correlation of lamellae orientation with macrocrystal aggregate (spherulite) position in the polyamide copolymer, while no such aggregates exist in t.