Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reasoning technique for extended fuzzy description logics

A family of extended fuzzy description logics, which includes a framework of syntax, semantics, knowledge base form and reasoning tasks, is proposed to enable representation and reasoning for complex fuzzy information. This paper discusses the reasoning technique for reasoning tasks of extended fuzzy description logics, which adopts classical description logics to discretely simulate extended fuzzy description logic in polynomial time and reuses the existing reasoning result to prove the complexity of reasoning tasks of extended fuzzy description logics
Schema Design of Illegally Parked Bicycles LOD

Illegally parked bicycles are a social problem in Japan and other countries. Illegally parked bicycles obstruct vehicles, cause road accidents, encourage thefts, and disfigure streets. In order to solve the challenge posed by illegally parked bicycles, we realized that it is necessary to collect and republish the data as reusable format. Therefore, we collected the number of illegally parked bicycles, location information, time, and factors. Then, we integrated and republished these data as Linked Open Data (LOD) on the Web. In this paper, we described a schema design of illegally parked bicycles LOD and a methodology of designing LOD schema. Furthermore, we collected data from SNS and website of municipality, and built the LOD of 21,898 triples.
LEARNING CAUSAL STRUCTURE FROM MULTIPLE DATASETS WITH SIMILAR VARIABLE SETS

While randomized controlled experiments are often considered the gold standard for predicting causal relationships between variables, they are expensive if one is interested in understanding the complete set of causal relationships governing a large set of variables and it may not be possible to manipulate certain variables due to ethical or practical constraints. To address these scenarios, procedures have been developed which use conditional independence relationships among variables when they are passively observed to predict which variables may or may not be causally related to other variables. Until recently, most of these procedures assumed that the data consisted of a single i.i. d. dataset of observations, but in practice researchers often have access to multiple similar datasets, e.g. from multiple labs studying the same problem, which measure slightly different variable sets and where recording conventions and procedures may vary. This paper discusses recent state of the art approaches for predicting causal relationships using multiple observational and experimental datasets in these contexts.
PARP-1 Modulation of mTOR Signaling in Response to a DNA Alkylating Agent

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is widely involved in cell death responses. Depending on the degree of injury and on cell type, PARP activation may lead to autophagy, apoptosis or necrosis. In HEK293 cells exposed to the alkylating agent N-methyl-N’-nitro-N’-nitrosoguanine (MNNG), we show that PARP-1 activation triggers a necrotic cell death response. The massive poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) synthesis following PARP-1 activation leads to the modulation of mTORC1 pathway. Shortly after MNNG exposure, NAD+ and ATP levels decrease, while AMP levels drastically increase. We characterized at the molecular level the consequences of these altered nucleotide levels. First, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated and the mTORC1 pathway is inhibited by the phosphorylation of Raptor, in an attempt to preserve cellular energy. Phosphorylation of the mTORC1 target S6 is decreased as well as the phosphorylation of the mTORC2 component Rictor on Thr1135. Finally, Akt phosphorylation on Ser473 is lost and then, cell death by necrosis occurs. Inhibition of PARP-1 with the potent PARP inhibitor AG14361 prevents all of these events. Moreover, the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) can also abrogate all the signaling events caused by MNNG exposure suggesting that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is involved in PARP-1 activation and modulation of mTOR signaling. In this study, we show that PARP-1 activation and PAR synthesis affect the energetic status of cells, inhibit the mTORC1 signaling pathway and possibly modulate the mTORC2 complex affecting cell fate. These results provide new evidence that cell death by necrosis is orchestrated by the balance between several signaling pathways, and that PARP-1 and PAR take part in these events.
Analysis of Brillouin Scattering Based Fiber Optic Sensor Bonding Effects

Brillouin scattering based sensors can measure strain and/or temperature at all points along an optical fiber; first, the fiber must be calibrated. A problem arises because the temperature coefficient of a fiber bonded to a host is changed by the host structure. Using the loose fiber coefficient could lead to large strain and temperature measurement errors. This article studies the change in the Brillouin temperature coefficient due to bonding. The intrinsic Brillouin temperature coefficient of two fibers is also found. This coefficient allows accurate strain and temperature measurements to be made, assuming the coefficient of thermal expansion of the host is known.
Scale- invariant face recognition using triangular geometrical model

This work proposed a geometrical model based on multiple triangular features for the purpose of handling the challenge of scale variations that affect the process of face recognition especially in real time applications where the test images are usually taken in random scales that may not be of the same scale as the probe image. Geometrical approaches have proved to be robust to lighting and illumination variation. Furthermore geometrical methods in general do not hold computational complexity and have the benefit of faster processing time, which make them appropriate for real time applications. Fifteen triangle similarity measurement equations were derived and used to build a class of feature vectors for each subject. Ten images in ten different scales were taken for each subject for a total of fifty samples. Classification results show that the proposed model is promising in handling the challenge of scale variations.
Phage Display Substrate: A Blind Method for Determining Protease Specificity

Abstract Phage display substrate enables rapid determination of protease specificity by exposing vast numbers of recombinant peptides to a given protease. Peptides released through specific cleavage are amplified in an expression system. Phage display substrate has been widely exploited and developed further. The number of proteases (from various sources) characterized by this approach testifies to its power. To conserve their advantage over chemical methods, however, phage libraries must be constructed accordingly. The current phenomenal progress in genomics steadily increases the number of protease to be studied. Phage display substrate should prove a powerful method to exploit this wealth of new knowledge.
Perfect Space&#8211;Time Block Codes

In this paper, we introduce the notion of perfect space-time block codes (STBCs). These codes have full-rate, full-diversity, nonvanishing constant minimum determinant for increasing spectral efficiency, uniform average transmitted energy per antenna and good shaping. We present algebraic constructions of perfect STBCs for 2, 3, 4, and 6 antennas
Thermally Induced Fast Fracture in a Glass Double‐Cantilever‐Beam Specimen

Rapid crack propagation and arrest in a soda-lime glass double-cantilever-beam specimen subjected to a thermal shock loading are investigated. The crack growth-time history is measured and compared with that predicted by a one-dimensional dynamic fracture model. Good correlations between predicted and measured crack speeds and crack lengths at arrest were obtained. Inertial effects can be sufficient to produce complete fracture of the specimen. The predicted initial crack driving force required to produce this failure agreed with the observed value. These results are contrasted with the predictions of a quasi-static analysis that always predicts crack arrest and underestimates the arrested crack length.
Updated meta-analysis of the MMPI-2 symptom validity scale (FBS): verified utility in forensic practice

Clinical research interest in the symptom reporting validity scale currently known as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) Symptom Validity Scale (FBS) has continued to be strong, with multiple new publications annually in peer-reviewed journals that publish psychological and neuropsychological assessment research. Related to this growth in relevant literature, the present study was conducted to update the Nelson, Sweet, and Demakis (2006b) FBS meta-analysis. A total of 83 FBS studies (43 new studies) were identified, and 32 (38.5%) met inclusion criteria. Analyses were conducted on a pooled sample of 2218 over-reporting and 3123 comparison participants. Large omnibus effect sizes were observed for FBS, Obvious-Subtle (O-S), and the Dissimulation Scale-Revised (Dsr2) scales. Moderate effect sizes were observed for the following scales: Back Infrequency (Fb), Gough's F-K, Infrequency (F), Infrequency Psychopathology (Fp), and Dissimulation (Ds2). Moderator analyses illustrate that relative to the F-family scales, FBS exhibited larger effect sizes when (1) effort is known to be insufficient and (2) evaluation is conducted in the context of traumatic brain injury. Overall, current results summarize an extensive literature that continues to support use of FBS in forensic neuropsychology practice.
Detection, classification, and analysis of inter-domain traffic with spoofed source IP addresses

IP traffic with forged source addresses (i.e., spoofed traffic) enables a series of threats ranging from the impersonation of remote hosts to massive denial-of-service attacks. Consequently, IP address spoofing received considerable attention with efforts to either suppress spoofing, to mitigate its consequences, or to actively measure the ability to spoof in individual networks. However, as of today, we still lack a comprehensive understanding both of the prevalence and the characteristics of spoofed traffic "in the wild" as well as of the networks that inject spoofed traffic into the Internet. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a method to passively detect spoofed packets in traffic exchanged between networks in the inter-domain Internet. Our detection mechanism identifies both source IP addresses that should never be visible in the inter-domain Internet (i.e., unrouted and bogon sources) as well as source addresses that should not be sourced by individual networks, as inferred from BGP routing information. We apply our method to classify the traffic exchanged between more than 700 networks at a large European IXP. We find that the majority of connected networks do not, or not consistently, filter their outgoing traffic. Filtering strategies and contributions of spoofed traffic vary heavily across networks of different types and sizes. Finally, we study qualitative characteristics of spoofed traffic, regarding both application popularity as well as structural properties of addresses. Combining our observations, we identify and study dominant attack patterns.
Processor capacity reserves: operating system support for multimedia applications

Multimedia applications have timing requirements that cannot generally be satisfied using the time-sharing scheduling algorithms of general purpose operating systems. The authors provide the predictability of real-time systems while retaining the flexibility of a time-sharing system. They designed a processor capacity reservation mechanism that isolates programs from the timing and execution characteristics of other programs in the same way that a memory protection system isolates them from outside memory accesses. In the paper, they describe a scheduling framework that supports reservation and admission control, and introduce a novel reserve abstraction, specifically designed for the microkernel architecture, for measuring and controlling processor usage. The authors have implemented processor capacity reserves in Real-Time Mach, and they describe the performance of their system on several types of applications. <<ETX>>
Design and Development of a Simple and Efficient Low Cost Embedded Liquid Level Measurement System

Measuring the level of liquid or solid is an important process in a container in various process industries. This paper presents the design of a capacitance transducer using a 555 timer circuit measuring the capacitance in terms of frequency and interfaced to a microcontroller to provide an accurate level measurement system. The whole system was tested and calibrated with a standard graduated tank (5-95%). The loading and unloading error percentages and the hysteresis error are determined and the maximum range to which the variation corresponds to is observed. The measurement quality of the system was further improved by linearization and the results are analyzed. Keyword- Level measurement, capacitive transducer, 555 timer, Atmega32, Calibration I. INTRODUCTION
Proteomic analysis of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (pars lateralis) in the female rat

The use of proteomics to study changes in the expression of CNS proteins, which may underlie the regulation of physiological and/or behavioral responses, represents an emerging application of this technology. In the current study, the Palkovits' microdissection method was evaluated as a means of obtaining proteomic data from discrete brain nuclei. The pars lateralis of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) was chosen for the initial studies because of its established role in the expression of gonadal hormone dependent female sexual behavior. The VMN from ovariectomized rats was microdissected from 300 μm frozen brain sections using a 500 μm punch. Total proteins were separated using 2‐DE. A group consensus of 432 protein spots, visualized by SYPRO Ruby stain, was obtained from gels from four independent VMN samples. A low mean CV and high gel‐to‐gel correlation coefficients indicate that reproducible 2‐DE gels can be generated from microdissected tissue samples. Proteins from the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) were also separated on 2‐DE gels. Evaluation of the 2‐DE maps from the VMN and the MBH revealed different protein profiles, and indicates that microdissection improves the detection of low‐abundance proteins, and reduces the relative occurrence of abundant proteins on 2‐DE maps.
Adaptive contention control for improving end-to-end throughput performance of multihop wireless networks

In multihop wireless networks, packets of a flow originating from a source node are relayed by intermediate nodes (relay nodes) and travel towards their destination along a multihop wireless path. Since the traffic forwarding capability of each node varies according to its level of contention, ideally, a node should not transmit more packets to its relay node than the corresponding relay node can forward. Instead, each node should yield its channel access opportunity to its neighbor nodes so that all the nodes can evenly share the channel and have similar forwarding capabilities. In this manner, nodes can utilize the wireless channel effectively, and further increase the end-to-end throughput of a multihop path. We propose a fully distributed contention window adaptation (CWA) mechanism, which adjusts the channel access probability depending on the difference between the incoming and outgoing traffic at each node, in order to equate the traffic forwarding capabilities among all the nodes in the path. We implement the proposed adaptive contention algorithm on Madwifi Linux kernel driver for Wi-Fi interface with Atheros chipset and carry out an empirical study in our division building. The experiment results demonstrate how the proposed mechanism can improve end-to-end throughput performance in the multihop wireless networks.
Computation and application of likelihood prediction with generalized linear and mixed models.

This paper presents the computation of likelihood prediction with the generalized linear and mixed models. The method of likelihood prediction is brie‡y discussed and approximate formulae are provided to make easy computation of the likelihood prediction with generalized linear models. For complicated prediction problems, simulation methods are suggested. An R add-in package is accompanied to carry out the computation of the predictive inference with the generalized linear and mixed models. The likelihood prediction is applied to the prediction of the credit defaults using a real data set. Results show that the predictive likelihood can be a useful tool to predict portfolio credit risk.
How to increase students' interest in a basic electric circuits course?

In order to increase students' interest in the basic electric circuits course in particular and in electrical engineering in general, the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology has decided to integrate into the course examples reflecting the various topics of electrical engineering, with an emphasis on digital design and microelectronics. The study described in the paper examined whether there was a difference in the motivation towards the study of electrical engineering between students who took part in the new format of the course (which includes the examples) and that of students who attended the course in its original format (without examples). One hundred and twenty-three sophomore electrical engineering students took part in the research. The findings of the study, which used quantitative instruments, reveal a significant gap between the intrinsic motivation of students who participated in the course in its new format and that of their peers.
Network topology generators: degree-based vs. structural

Following the long-held belief that the Internet is hierarchical, the network topology generators most widely used by the Internet research community, Transit-Stub and Tiers, create networks with a deliberately hierarchical structure. However, in 1999 a seminal paper by Faloutsos et al. revealed that the Internet's degree distribution is a power-law. Because the degree distributions produced by the Transit-Stub and Tiers generators are not power-laws, the research community has largely dismissed them as inadequate and proposed new network generators that attempt to generate graphs with power-law degree distributions.Contrary to much of the current literature on network topology generators, this paper starts with the assumption that it is more important for network generators to accurately model the large-scale structure of the Internet (such as its hierarchical structure) than to faithfully imitate its local properties (such as the degree distribution). The purpose of this paper is to determine, using various topology metrics, which network generators better represent this large-scale structure. We find, much to our surprise, that network generators based on the degree distribution more accurately capture the large-scale structure of measured topologies. We then seek an explanation for this result by examining the nature of hierarchy in the Internet more closely; we find that degree-based generators produce a form of hierarchy that closely resembles the loosely hierarchical nature of the Internet.
Multiple Heavy Metal Tolerance of Soil Bacterial Communities and Its Measurement by a Thymidine Incorporation Technique

A thymidine incorporation technique was used to determine the tolerance of a soil bacterial community to Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni, and Pb. An agricultural soil was artificially contaminated in our laboratory with individual metals at three different concentrations, and the results were compared with the results obtained by using the plate count technique. Thymidine incorporation was found to be a simple and rapid method for measuring tolerance. Data obtained by this technique were very reproducible. A linear relationship was found between changes in community tolerance levels obtained by the thymidine incorporation and plate count techniques (r = 0.732, P < 0.001). An increase in tolerance to the metal added to soil was observed for the bacterial community obtained from each polluted soil compared with the community obtained from unpolluted soil. The only exception was when Pb was added; no indication of Pb tolerance was found. An increase in the tolerance to metals other than the metal originally added to soil was also observed, indicating that there was multiple heavy metal tolerance at the community level. Thus, Cu pollution, in addition to increasing tolerance to Cu, also induced tolerance to Zn, Cd, and Ni. Zn and Cd pollution increased community tolerance to all five metals. Ni amendment increased tolerance to Ni the most but also increased community tolerance to Zn and, to lesser degrees, increased community tolerance to Pb and Cd. In soils polluted with Pb increased tolerance to other metals was found in the following order: Ni > Cd > Zn > Cu. We found significant positive relationships between changes in Cd, Zn, and Pb tolerance and, to a lesser degree, between changes in Pb and Ni tolerance when all metals and amendment levels were compared. The magnitude of the increase in heavy metal tolerance was found to be linearly related to the logarithm of the metal concentration added to the soil. Threshold tolerance concentrations were estimated from these linear relationships, and changes in tolerance could be detected at levels of soil contamination similar to those reported previously to result in changes in the phospholipid fatty acid pattern (Å. Frostegård, A. Tunlid, and E. Bååth, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59: 3605-3617, 1993).
A new method for shifted anchor coordinates retrieval in UWB positioning system

Nowadays, indoor localization systems gain more and more attention, as demand for the services employing data on the indoor position of the objects and people is growing. There are many techniques used for position calculation. The most popular rely on measurements of radio wave propagation times. Most of the systems' architectures consist of localized tags and fixed-positioned anchor nodes. Knowledge on the precise localization of the nodes is often crucial for correct calculation of the tags' positions. Therefore, for robust system's exploitation a method for evaluating and correcting shifted anchor's position is necessary. Such method is presented in the paper, along with the explanation of the proposed algorithm and experimental results.