Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Note on optimum propulsion of heaving and pitching airfoils from linear potential theory

The conditions that maximize the propulsive efficiency of a heaving and pitching airfoil are analysed using a novel formulation for the thrust force within the linear potential theory. Stemming from the vortical impulse theory, which correctly predicts the decay of the thrust efficiency as the inverse of reduced frequency $k$ for large $k$ (Fernandez-Feria, Phys. Rev. Fluids, vol. 1, 2016, 084502), the formulation is corrected here at low frequencies by adding a constant representing the viscous drag. It is shown first that the thrust coefficient and propulsive efficiency thus computed agree quite well with several sets of available experimental data, even for not so small flapping amplitudes. For a pure pitching motion, it is found that the maximum propulsion efficiency is reached for the airfoil pitching close to the three-quarter chord point from the leading edge with a relatively large reduced frequency, corresponding to a relatively low thrust coefficient. According to the theory, this efficiency peak may approach unity. For smaller $k$ , other less pronounced local maxima of the propulsive efficiency are attained for pitching points ahead of the leading edge, with larger thrust coefficients. The linear theory also predicts that no thrust is generated at all for a pitching axis located between the three-quarter chord point and the trailing edge. These findings contrast with the results obtained from the classical linear thrust by Garrick, with the addition of the same quasi-static thrust, which are also computed in the paper. For a combined heaving and pitching motion, the behaviour of the propulsive efficiency in relation to the pitching axis is qualitatively similar to that found for a pure pitching motion, for given fixed values of the feathering parameter (ratio between pitching and heaving amplitudes) and of the phase shift between the pitching and heaving motions. The peak propulsive efficiency predicted by the linear theory is for an airfoil with a pitching axis close to, but ahead of, the three-quarter chord point, with a relatively large reduced frequency, a feathering parameter of approximately $0.9$ and a phase shift slightly smaller than $90^{\circ }$ .
QPEP in the Real World: A Testbed for Secure Satellite Communication Performance

—Although new technologies are on the rise, traditional Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO)-based satellite internet is a crucial piece of critical communications infrastructure used by many, for example in the maritime sector. Previous work found that much GEO traffic is unencrypted, as there is a lack of secure, yet performant ways to communicate for end users. QPEP, a hybrid between a traditional Performance Enhancing Proxy and a VPN, aims to solve this issue but has only been tested in simulations. This work presents a newly developed testbed, which is used to collect real-world results for QPEP. Two different satellite links, one using Ka-band, the other Ku-band, were analyzed. In the Ka band, we find that QPEP offers on average 80% more goodput compared to OpenVPN. The page load time is reduced on average by 17% and the 95th percentile is reduced by 25% compared to OpenVPN. Although the average page load time of QPEP is higher compared to the unencrypted, proprietary PEP of the provider, the 95 percentile is equivalent. While satellite environments are often a black box that is difficult to evaluate scientifically, we show that in typical settings QPEP can prove its benefits in the real world.
Natural convection and thermal drift

An analysis of natural convection in a horizontal, geometrically non-uniform slot exposed to spatially non-uniform heating has been carried out. The upper plate is smooth and isothermal, and the lower plate has sinusoidal corrugations with a sinusoidal temperature distribution. The distributions of the non-uniformities are characterized in terms of the wavenumber $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ and their relative position is expressed in terms of the phase difference $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}_{TL}$ . The analysis is limited to heating conditions which do not give rise to secondary motions in the absence of the non-uniformities. The heating creates horizontal temperature gradients which lead to the formation of vertical and horizontal pressure gradients which drive the motion regardless of the intensity of the heating. When the hot spots (points of maximum temperature) overlap either with the corrugation tips or with the corrugation bottoms, convection assumes the form of pairs of counter-rotating rolls whose size is dictated by the heating/corrugation wavelengths. The formation of a net horizontal flow, referred to as thermal drift, is observed for all other relative positions of the hot spots and corrugation tips. Both periodic heating as well as periodic corrugations are required for the formation of this drift, which can be directed in the positive as well as in the negative horizontal directions depending on the phase difference between the heating and corrugation patterns. The most intense convection and the largest drift occur for wavelengths comparable to the slot height, and their intensities increase proportionally to the heating intensity as well as proportionally to the corrugation amplitude, with the drift being a very strong function of the phase difference. Convection creates forces at the plates which would cause horizontal displacement of the corrugated plate and deform the corrugations if such effects were allowed. Tangential forces generated by the uniform heating always contribute to the corrugation buildup while similar forces generated by the periodic heating contribute to the buildup only when the hot spots overlap with the upper part of the corrugation. The processes described above are qualitatively similar for all Prandtl numbers $Pr$ , with the intensity of convection and the magnitude of the drift increasing with a reduction in $Pr$ .
The Simulated Impact of the Snow Albedo Feedback on the Large-Scale Mountain–Plain Circulation East of the Colorado Rocky Mountains

AbstractThe Front Range mountain–plain circulation (FRMC) is a large-scale diurnally driven wind system that occurs east of the Colorado Rocky Mountains in the United States and affects the weather both in the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains. As the climate warms, the snow albedo feedback will amplify the warming response in the Rocky Mountains during the spring, increasing the thermal contrast that drives the FRMC. In this study, the authors perform a 7-yr pseudo–global warming (PGW) regional climate change experiment along with an idealized PGW “fixed albedo” experiment to test the sensitivity of the FRMC to the snow albedo feedback (SAF). The authors find a mean increase in the springtime FRMC strength in the PGW experiment that is primarily driven by the snow albedo feedback. Furthermore, interannual variability of changes in FRMC strength is strongly influenced by interannual variability in the SAF. An additional case study experiment configured with a much higher resolution is performed to examine .
How to Improve the Impact of Journal Articles in Technology Innovation Policy Evaluation: Bibliometric Analysis Based on Core Journals in China

: The rapid development of China's technology innovation has attracted worldwide attention and the technology innovation policies has played an important role in this process. Simultaneously, more and more journal articles focus on China's technology innovation policy evaluation, but how to increase the impact of these journal articles has not received enough attention. This paper constructs a theoretical framework based on citation internationalization and method focalization of journal articles, and proposes three research hypotheses, and carries out multiple linear regression and t-test on 73 China's core journal articles. The results show that higher citation internationalization and method focalization have a significant effect on improving the impact of journal articles; the impact of competitive type research (with high citation internationalization and high method focalization) is significantly higher than that of loose type research (with low citation internationalization and low method focalization). This study provides a clear theoretical framework for increasing the impact of journal articles on policy evaluation, and reconfirms the promotion role of citation internationalization in the field of policy evaluation.
An Introduction to Optimization

Preface. MATHEMATICAL REVIEW. Methods of Proof and Some Notation. Vector Spaces and Matrices. Transformations. Concepts from Geometry. Elements of Calculus. UNCONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION. Basics of Set--Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization. One--Dimensional Search Methods. Gradient Methods. Newton's Method. Conjugate Direction Methods. Quasi--Newton Methods. Solving Ax = b. Unconstrained Optimization and Neural Networks. Genetic Algorithms. LINEAR PROGRAMMING. Introduction to Linear Programming. Simplex Method. Duality. Non--Simplex Methods. NONLINEAR CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION. Problems with Equality Constraints. Problems with Inequality Constraints. Convex Optimization Problems. Algorithms for Constrained Optimization. References. Index.
Derivation of the human cell cycle transcriptional signature

5 LAY SUMMARY . 7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . 9 PUBLICATIONS . 11 RELATED TO THIS THESIS . 11 NOT RELATED TO THIS THESIS . 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS . 13 TABLE OF FIGURES . 19 TABLES . 23 APPENDICES . 23 INTRODUCTION . 1 THE CELL CYCLE . 1 THE CELL CYCLE ENGINE . 2 UBIQUITIN LIGASES AND THE CELL CYCLE OSCILLATOR . 4 TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF THE CELL CYCLE. 6 THE SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM . 6 THE FIRST GAP PHASE AND THE G1/S TRANSITION . 8 S PHASE AND DNA REPLICATION . 10 G2 AND THE G2/M TRANSITION . 12 MITOSIS AND ITS STAGES . 13 Early mitosis: chromosome condensation, spindle assembly, and nuclear envelope breakdown . 14 Late mitosis: metaphase, the SAC and telophase . 16 Cytokinesis . 17 SYNCHRONISATION OF CELL POPULATIONS TO STUDY THE CELL CYCLE . 18 THE POST-GENOMIC ERA AND A BRIEF HISTORY OF TRANSCRIPTOMICS . 19 HIGH-THROUGHPUT TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF THE CELL CYCLE . 21 AN ANSWER FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF HIGH DIMENSIONAL DATA: NETWORK ANALYSIS . 23 DECIPHERING GENE SETS THROUGH ENRICHMENT ANALYSES . 25 xiv AIMS OF THE PROJECT . 27 META-ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CELL CYCLE-ASSOCIATED TRANSCRIPTS . 29 INTRODUCTION . 29 MATERIAL AND METHODS . 30 Description of cell cycle studies used for the meta-analysis . 30 Data Processing . 31 Batch correction . 32 Cluster analysis . 32 WGCNA analysis . 32 Gene Ontology enrichment analysis . 33 Orthologues analysis . 33 RESULTS . 33 Overlap of previous cell cycle gene lists . 33 Quality Control, normalisation, batch correction and network analysis . 34 Network analysis of the collated datasets . 41 Clusters 4 and 6 includes G1/S-S and G2-M phase-related expression . 42 Sub-clustering of cluster 4 and 6 . 45 G1 phase-associated clusters . 47 Cluster 3, 7 and the histone cluster . 49 Validation of clusters analysis with an unsupervised clustering technique . 51 Overlap analysis of previous cell cycle gene sets . 53 Data comparison with yeast data and further human-derived datasets . 55 DISCUSSION . 57 CONCLUSION. 59 DERIVATION OF THE CELL CYCLE TRANSCRIPTIONAL SIGNATURE 6
Correlates of Psychological Well-Being in Older Adults with Treatment-Resistant Depression

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that are associated with psychological well-being in older adults with late-life depression and determine if social participation moderates and/or mediates these relationships. This dissertation study utilized secondary pre-treatment data collected from the “Optimum: Optimizing Depression Treatment in Older Adults” study (Cristancho et al. (2019). Community dwelling older adults (N = 369) were included if they currently met criteria for MDD, had failed at least two prior trials of MDD medication treatment, and were able to visit the study site to participate in cognitive and physical functioning assessments. Hierarchical multiple regressions were used to analyze the correlates of psychological well-being. Cognitive functioning and physical functioning measured by a 4-meter gait speed test were not significantly correlated with psychological well-being. Social participation (B = .19, p < .001) and levels of anxiety (B = -.40 , p < .001) were found to be significant predictors of psychological well-being in the model (F(9,359), p < . 001, adjusted R2 = . 228). Results indicated that social participation was not a significant moderator (DR2 = .002, p = .892) of these relationships but was a significant partial mediator for the relationship between anxiety and psychological well-being [Indirect Effect = -. 06, 95% C.I. (-.1022, -.0233)]. Exploratory analyses revealed that self-reported physical functioning and hand grip strength were additional significant predictors of psychological well-being in this sample. Overall, the findings from this study highlight the importance of social participation for psychological well-being in older adults with treatment resistant depression. Continued research is needed to gain a clearer understanding of factors that may promote psychological well-being in diverse populations of older adults with major depressive disorder.
Structural and magnetic properties of multiferroic Y2NiMnO6 double perovskite

ABSTRACT The double perovskite Y2NiMnO6 is prepared by a citrate-gel combustion method. The structural, magnetic and dc transport properties of Y2NiMnO6 are investigated systematically. A monoclinic crystal structure having space group P21/n is identified for the material from XRD. Magnetic structure is characterized by isothermal and thermomagnetic studies. The material possesses a ferromagnetic transition at 88 K. The dynamic magnetic structure of the material is analyzed using the ac susceptibility data. Resistivity data suggests the semiconducting behavior of the material. The work provides well advancement in researchers on potential material for spintronic applications.
Optimization of Cheese Analogue Formulation with Rice Milk, Chia Seed and Hazelnut Oil Applying Response Surface Methodology

The physical, chemical and textural properties of cheese analogue depend on their source as well as the formulation conditions. Recently, cheese analogue has attracted the attention of consumers due to its nutritional, textural, sensorial and health properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction effects of independent parameters such as rice milk (70 to 75%), chia seed (15 to 18%) and hazelnut oil (4 to 6%) to evaluate the optimal cheese analogue formulation using the response surface methodology. According to the obtained results, it was observed that with the increase concentration of independent variables, the overall acceptance of the samples initially increased and then showed a downward trend. Also, the textural characteristics of cheese analogue samples such as hardness, cohesiveness, springiness and gumminess showed rice milk and chia seed improved the textural properties, but the concentration of hazelnut oil had the negative effect on these parameters. The concentration of chia seed and hazelnut oil decreased L *, while the concentration of rice milk increased brightness index. The a * index showed a reduction trend in high concentrations of rice milk. The results observed that the optimum formulations of cheese analogue determined rice milk 71.87%, chia seed 17.62% and hazelnut oil 4.86%. Also, the estimated responses containing L *, a *, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess
Trade-offs in Automating Platform Regulatory Compliance By Algorithm: Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic

Digital platforms have experienced pressure to restrict and regulate political ad content. In a static environment, using algorithms can help platforms more quickly and easily achieve regulatory compliance. However, in a dynamic context, the rigidity of complying with regulations by having to pre-specify the parameters that algorithms use as inputs, may pose challenges. We study the effect of algorithmic regulation of ad content in times of rapid change where digital ad venues need to identify sensitive ads that should be subject to more restrictive policies and practices. We collect data on European and American ads published in the Facebook Ad Library. Our results show that ads run by governmental organizations designed to inform the public about COVID-19 are more likely to be banned by Facebook’s algorithm than similar ads run by non-governmental organizations. We show that algorithmic (mis)classification of ads leads COVID-19-related ads to be disqualified. We suggest that algorithmic inflexibility towards categorization in periods of unpredictable shifts worsens the problems of trying to achieve regulatory compliance using algorithms.
Algorithmic approaches to Siegel's fundamental domain

Siegel determined a fundamental domain using the Minkowski reduction of quadratic forms. He gave all the details concerning this domain for genus 1. It is the determination of the Minkowski fundamental domain presented as the second condition and the maximal height condition, presented as the third condition, which prevents the exact determination of this domain for the general case. The latest results were obtained by Gottschling for the genus 2 in 1959. It has since remained unexplored and poorly understood, in particular the different regions of Minkowski reduction. In order to identify Siegel's fundamental domain for genus 3, we present some results concerning the third condition of this domain. Every abelian function can be written in terms of rational functions of theta functions and their derivatives. This allows the expression of solutions of integrable systems in terms of theta functions. Such solutions are relevant in the description of surface water waves, non linear optics. Because of these applications, Deconinck and Van Hoeij have developed and implemented al-gorithms for computing the Riemann matrix and Deconinck et al. have developed the computation of the corresponding theta functions. Deconinck et al. have used Siegel's algorithm to approximately reach the Siegel fundamental domain and have adopted the LLL reduction algorithm to nd the shortest lattice vector. However, we opt here to use a Minkowski algorithmup to dimension 5 and an exact determination of the shortest lattice vector for greater dimensions.
An urban overhead? Crime, agglomeration, and amenity

Using data for 134 locations in New Zealand, we study the effects of crime and agglomeration on urban amenity. We find that crime has significant negative effects on the value of urban amenity, with elasticities of approximately − 0.06 for firms and − 0.09 for workers. To put this effect in context, this implies the value of urban amenity for workers is approximately 2–3 times more sensitive to crime than average temperature. More uniquely, we find that controlling for crime leads to somewhat larger estimates of agglomeration economies. Together, these results suggest that crime detracts significantly from the value of urban amenity and may also act as an urban congestion cost that serves to undermine agglomeration economies.
A Framework to Gauge Mathematical Understanding:

Abstract A framework is arrived at to help gauge the level of mathematical understanding that could be suggested by an examination of a student’s written responses to mathematical problems. This framework has been to make conclusions on two students’ level of mathematical understanding and use of mathematical symbolism to communicate their understanding of operations on matrices in an external form to others. It was found that for those two students mathematical symbolism served largely as an instrumental role to keep track of their thinking. At times the incorrect use of a mathematical symbol, for example the equal to sign, led the student to make illogical conclusions. Further it was found that drawing students’ attention to their incorrect use of mathematical symbolism and the lack of explicit communication of their thinking to others could help to clarify and even modify existing schema that they use to find possible solutions to given tasks.
HISTORY-DEPENDENT MONETARY REGIMES: A LAB EXPERIMENT AND A HENK MODEL

Price-level targeting (PLT) is optimal under the fully-informed rational expectations (FIRE) benchmark but lacks empirical support. Given the hurdles to the implementation of macroeconomic field experiments, we utilize a laboratory group experiment – where expectations are elicited from human subjects – to collect data on expectations, inflation and output dynamics under a traditional inflation targeting (IT) framework and a PLT regime with both deflationary and cost-push shocks. We then emulate the subjects’ expectations with a micro-founded heterogeneous-expectation New Keynesian (HENK) model and reproduce the macroeconomic dynamics observed in the lab. Both in the lab and in the HENK model, the benefits of PLT over an IT regime obtained under the FIRE assumption are not observed: both human subjects and HENK agents are unable to learn the underlying implications of PLT, which results in excess macroeconomic volatility. However, once augmented with an inflation guidance from the CB consistent with closing the price gap, the stabilizing benefits of PLT materialize both in the lab and in the model.
Exchange-Traded Funds vs. Index Funds

This article investigates the performance and risk characteristics of ETFs and index funds. The findings reveal that ETFs and index funds deliver similar average daily returns while ETFs are slightly more risky than index funds. The average beta of ETFs is statistically different from unity reflecting the non-full replication strategies applied by ETFs while the average beta of index funds does not differ statistically from unity. As a result, the average tracking error of ETFs is superior to the average tracking error of index funds. In cross-sectional regression analysis we find that the tracking error of both ETFs and index funds is positively related to expense ratio and risk. Overall, the results indicate that the trading convenience and the unique characteristics related to ETFs do not result in better performance in relation to the index funds9 performance.
Time-varying global, local and currency risk in emerging stock markets

Objective: to investigated the importance of global, local and currency risks Method: The international version of the conditional CAPM and DCC-GARCH Results: the world market risk together with the currency and local market risks are priced and time-varying on the emerging market stock market. The price of local risk in the stock market emerging is non-time-varying relative to the global market, but time-varying relative to the emerging market. Originality / relevance: Study the evolution of global, local and foreign exchange rates over a long period and implement several processes to estimate the CAPM, such as a GARCH-DCC multivariate model.