Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PHOTOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE M33 STAR CLUSTER SYSTEM

We present a catalog of 2990 extended sources in a 1° × 1° area centered on M33 using the MegaCam camera on the 3.6 m Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope. The catalog includes 599 new candidate stellar clusters, 204 previously confirmed clusters, 1969 likely background galaxies, and 218 unknown extended objects. We present ugriz integrated magnitudes of the candidates and confirmed star clusters (SCs) as well as the full width at half maximum, ellipticity, and stellarity. Based on the properties of the confirmed SCs, we select a sub-sample of highly probable clusters composed of 246 objects. The integrated photometry of the complete cluster catalog reveals a wide range of colors of −0.4 < (g − r) < 1.5 and −1.0 < (r − i) < 1.0 with no obvious cluster subpopulations. Comparisons with models of simple stellar populations suggest a large range of ages some as old as ∼10 Gyr. In addition, we find a sequence in the color–color diagrams that deviates from the expected direction of evolution. This feature could be associated with very young clusters (<107 yr) possessing significant nebular emission. Analysis of the radial density distribution suggests that the cluster system of M33 has suffered from significant depletion possibly due to interactions with M31. We also detect a gap in the cluster distribution in the color–color diagram at (g − r) ≃ 0.3 and (u − g) ≃ 0.8. This gap could be interpreted as an evolutionary effect. This complete catalog provides promising targets for deep photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy to study the structure and star formation history of M33.
Numerical solution of the 2 + 1 Teukolsky equation on a hyperboloidal and horizon penetrating foliation of Kerr and application to late-time decays

In this work, we present a formulation of the Teukolsky equation for generic spin perturbations on the hyperboloidal and horizon penetrating foliation of Kerr recently proposed by Rácz and Tóth. An additional, spin-dependent rescaling of the field variable can be used to achieve stable, long-term and accurate time-domain evolutions of generic spin perturbations. As an application (and a severe numerical test), we investigate the late-time decays of electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations at the horizon and future null infinity by means of 2 + 1 evolutions. As initial data we consider four combinations of (non-)stationary and (non-)compact-support initial data with a pure spin-weighted spherical harmonic profile. We present an extensive study of late-time decays of axisymmetric perturbations. We verify the power-law decay rates predicted analytically, together with a certain ‘splitting’ behaviour of the power-law exponent. We also present results for non-axisymmetric perturbations. In particular, our approach allows us to study the behaviour of the late-time decays of gravitational fields for nearly extremal and extremal black holes. For rapid rotation we observe a very prolonged, weakly damped, quasi-normal-mode phase. For extremal rotation, the field at future null infinity shows an oscillatory behaviour decaying as the inverse power of time, while at the horizon it is amplified by several orders of magnitude over long timescales. This behaviour can be understood in terms of the superradiance cavity argument.
Scale-dependent halo bias from scale-dependent growth

We derive a general expression for the large-scale halo bias, in theories with a scale-dependent linear growth, using the excursion set formalism. Such theories include modified gravity models, and models in which the dark energy clustering is non-negligible. A scale dependence is imprinted in both the formation and evolved biases by the scale-dependent growth. Mergers are accounted for in our derivation, which thus extends earlier work which focused on passive evolution. There is a simple analytic form for the bias for those theories in which the nonlinear collapse of perturbations is approximately the same as in general relativity. As an illustration, we apply our results to a simple Yukawa modification of gravity, and use SDSS measurements of the clustering of luminous red galaxies to constrain the theory's parameters.
Non-viral COVID-19 vaccine delivery systems Drug

The novel corona virus termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread throughout the globe at a formidable speed, causing tens of millions of cases and more than one million deaths in less than a year of its report in December 2019. Since then, companies and research institutions have raced to develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, ranging from conventional viral and protein-based vaccines to those that are more cutting edge, including DNA- and mRNA-based vaccines. Each vaccine exhibits a different potency and du- ration of ef ﬁ cacy, as determined by the antigen design, adjuvant molecules, vaccine delivery platforms, and immunization method. In this review, we will introduce a few of the leading non-viral vaccines that are under clinical stage development and discuss delivery strategies to improve vaccine ef ﬁ cacy, duration of protection, safety, and mass vaccination.
Influence of Recreational Activities on Healthy Living of Academic Staff In Federal University Of Technology, Akure.

The health related benefits of recreation are not taking serious by most academics in our society. They perceive recreation to be a mere waste of time and this had cost them a lot of money in attending hospitals, clinics as well as paying for treatment bills. Therefore, the study was designed to investigate the influence of recreational activities on healthy living of academic staff of federal university of technology, Akure. The researchers used survey design of the descriptive type of research for the study. The research instrument used for this study was a self – structured closed ended questionnaire designed by the researchers. The sample size of three hundred (300) academic staff was used for the study. Purposive and accidental sampling techniques were used to select the respondents used for the study. The face, content and construct validity of the instrument was ensured by given draft copies to experts for vetting. The reliability of the instrument was ensured by using the split half method and a coefficient of 0.99 was obtained. Inferential statistics of Chi-square (x 2 ) was used to test the hypotheses postulated at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that recreational activities have influence on well-being of academic staff. It was revealed that recreational activities have influence on cardiovascular health of academic staff. Also it was revealed that recreational activities have influence on stress among academic staff. From the findings it was concluded that recreational activities influenced the well– being of academic staff. It was also concluded that recreational activities have influence on cardiovascular health of academic staff. The researchers recommended that higher institutions of learning should encourage academic staff to participate in recreational activities so as to bring about healthy living and well-being. Also, management of higher institutions should establish recreational parks for the academic staff as this will serve as relaxation venue for them when they are stressed.
Built-in potential and validity of the Mott-Schottky analysis in organic bulk heterojunction solar cells

We investigated poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells by means of pulsed photocurrent, temperature dependent current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements. We show that a direct transfer of Mott-Schottky (MS) analysis from inorganic devices to organic BHJ solar cells is not generally appropriate to determine the built-in potential, since the resulting potential depends on the active layer thickness. Pulsed photocurrent measurements enabled us to directly study the case of quasi flat bands (QFB) in the bulk of the solar cell. It is well below the built-in potential and differs by diffusion-induced band-bending at the contacts. In contrast to MS analysis the corresponding potential is independent on the active layer thickness and therefore a better measure for flat band conditions in the bulk of a BHJ solar cell as compared to MS analysis.
UNIFICATION OF PULSES IN LONG AND SHORT GAMMA-RAY BURSTS: EVIDENCE FROM PULSE PROPERTIES AND THEIR CORRELATIONS

We demonstrate that distinguishable gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulses exhibit similar behaviors as evidenced by correlations among the observable pulse properties of duration, peak luminosity, fluence, spectral hardness, energy-dependent lag, and asymmetry. Long and Short burst pulses exhibit these behaviors, suggesting that a similar process is responsible for producing all GRB pulses. That these properties correlate in the observer's frame indicates that intrinsic correlations are strong enough to not be diluted into insignificance by the dispersion in distances and redshift. We show how all correlated pulse characteristics can be explained by hard-to-soft pulse evolution, and we demonstrate that “intensity tracking” pulses not having these properties are not single pulses; they instead appear to be composed of two or more overlapping hard-to-soft pulses. In order to better understand pulse characteristics, we recognize that hard-to-soft evolution provides a more accurate definition of a pulse than its intensity variation. This realization, coupled with the observation that pulses begin near-simultaneously across a wide range of energies, leads us to conclude that the observed pulse emission represents the energy decay resulting from an initial injection, and that one simple and as yet unspecified physical mechanism is likely to be responsible for all GRB pulses regardless of the environment in which they form and, if GRBs originate from different progenitors, then of the progenitors that supply them with energy.
LCA on wastewater and sludge management for local decision-making in Gothenburg – are new LCA method developments enough?

: This paper describes an LCA study that was made to inform decision-makers in Gothenburg about two different sludge management options. Incineration of anaerobically digested sludge with recovery of a phosphorus fertiliser product seemed preferable to using pasteurised anaerobically digested sludge in agriculture. Aspects under the control of the decision-makers were important for overall results, and caused the main differences between the studied systems, indicating considerable potential for local improvement efforts. Applying a human toxicity characterisation method with a more sludge specific fate model were important, but not crucial, for the results. However, the results are connected to large uncertainties and remaining challenges are discussed in the paper.
Heavy quark potentials in some renormalization group revised AdS/QCD models

We construct some AdS/QCD models by using the systematic procedure of Guersoy, Kiritsis, and Nitti. These models cover three different asymptotical ways by which the gauge theory beta functions approach in the infrared region, {beta}{proportional_to}-{lambda}{sup 2}, -{lambda}{sup 3} and {beta}{proportional_to}-{lambda}, where {lambda} is the 't Hooft coupling constant. We then calculate the heavy quark potentials in these models by holographic methods and find that they can more consistently fit the lattice data relative to the usual models which do not include the renormalization group improving effects. Since we only use the lattice QCD heavy quark potentials as constraints, we cannot distinguish which kind of infrared asymptotics is better.
Impact of boron and potassium and their interaction on potassium content in the soil, leaf, nut and yield parameters of Arecanut in Terai region of West Bengal

The experiment was conducted during the year 2017-18 at the instructional farm of Department of Plantation Crops and Processing, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, West Bengal. The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of graded level application of boron and potassium and their interaction on potassium content in soil, leaf and nut (mg/kg) and their interaction effect on yield parameter in the potassium deficient soils of terai region of West Bengal. The experiment was carried out in a 2.7×2.7 m spaced 12 year old planted with cv. Mohitnagar and laid out in factorial RBD having 12 treatments replicated 4 times with 4 different level of boron viz B 0 , B 1 , B 2 and B 3 at 0g, 25g, 50g and sprayed with 4% Na 2 B 4 O 7 solution along with 3 different level of potassium ( K 2 O) viz K 1 , K 2 and K 3 at 70 g, 140 g, 210 g of K 2 O per palm respectively to the bunches at 2 nd , 4 th and 6 th months respectively per palm at nut development stage at regular intervals. Soil and nut samples are collected from 10 equidistant spots and 10 different palms respectively where as leaf sample is collected from the 4 th index leaf (Ravi Bhat and Sujatha 2014) from 10 equidistant palms for analysis before and after application of treatments. The results revealed that graded level application of boron and potassium shows that at higher level of boron(B 2 ) shows increased potassium content in the soil and nut where as at (B1) the potassium content of the leaf showed highest and at (K3) the potassium content of the soil and nut showed highest potassium and at K2 level the potassium content of leaf is gradually increased (mg/kg) and their interaction effect shows that, higher level combination of both boron and potassium(B 2 K 3 ) shows higher potassium content in the soil and nut(mg/kg) and also 0 level of boron and highest level of potassium showed increase3d potassium content in the leaf(B 0 K 3 ) and aslo at B 3 K 2 and B 2 K 2 level of interaction the yield parameters like (fresh kernel weight and dry kernel weight) shows significant effect.
In vitro Clonal Propagation of Korarima ( Aframomum corrorima (Braun) P.C.M. Jansen) on Improved Varieties of Bonga 1 and Benchmajji 1

: Korarima (Aframomum corrorima (Braun) P.C. M. Jansen) is a diploid, 2n=48, monocious, perennial and aromatic herb species under family Zingiberaceae. It is a native plant preferred as an aromatic in regular Ethiopian serving dishes and locally choice in traditional medicine. However, commercial exploitation of this crop is hampered due to poor rate of seed germination and slow multiplication rate of the rhizomes along with other agronomic predicaments. Thus, the present study was aimed at in vitro micro propagations of two Aframomum corrorima cultivars of Bonga 1 and Benchmajji 1 . Based on the results, better response was observed in rhizome bud explants with the highest mean number of micro shoots per explants, 4.33±0.33 and 4.67±0.33 for cv. Bonga 1 and Benchmajji 1 respectively, whereas 3.33±0.33 and 3.00±0.00 for cv. Bonga 1 and Benchmajji 1 respectively on the MS basal medium added BA 2.0mg/l and KN 0.5 mg/l. For multiplication, the highest mean number of shoots per explants (4.67±0.33) was obtained from the MS medium supplemented with combination of 3.0mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l KN for cv. Bonga 1 , and the highest mean number of shoots per explants (4.00±0.00) has been found from the MS medium enhanced with 2.0mg/l BA from shoot tip explants. For rooting induction, the highest mean number of roots per explants (15.00±1.15) was obtained in the MS supplemented with 1.0mg/l NAA for cv. Bonga 1 , and the highest mean number of roots per explants (17.33±0.88) was observed in the MS supplemented with 1.5mg/l IBA and 2.0mg/l for genotype cv. Benchmajji 1 , but the highest root length was obtained in ex vitro rooting with sand and vermi-compost at ratio of 2:1 with 1mg/l IBA three times per a week.
Nodule Formation, Antioxidant Enzymes Activities and Other Biochemical Changes in Salt Stressed Faba Bean Plants Treated with Glycine Betaine, Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi and Yeast Extract

To ameliorate the harmful effects of salinity stress on faba bean plants, two pot experiments were conducted in the greenhouse of Agriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Kheima, Kalubia Governorate, Cairo, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. Faba bean plants (Vicia faba L. cv. Sakha 1) were irrigated with three levels of NaCl (non-saline (Tap water), 2500 and 4500 ppm). Glycine betaine (GB) at 5 mM, yeast extract (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at 5 ml/l were applied to plants as foliar application, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus irradicans (AMF)) inoculation was performed by mixing with the soil at 10% w/w. The obtained results indicated that yeast and AMF as bio-stimulators and GB as osmolytes treatments, improved growth, nodules formation, antioxidant substances concentrations (proline, phyenols) and yield parameters (pod weight and number, seed weight & number and 100-seed weight) as compared with untreated stressed plants. Meanwhile, these treatments reduced membrane permeability (MP) and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Plants treated with GB showed the most vigorous growth measurements (plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, shoot fresh and dry weight) and relative water content (RWC). The same trend was noticed with biochemical concentration in leaves and seeds (e.g. proline, phenols, protein concentrations, antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) activities and yield components followed by plants inoculated with AMF and finally plants treated with yeast extract. Glycine betaine treatment increased chlorophyll concentration followed by mycorrhiza and then yeast treatments under 2500 ppm NaCl but it had limited effect at 4500 ppm NaCl. Meanwhile, plants inoculated with mycorrhiza surpass other treatments in root measurements including root fresh weight, root dry weight and nodules formation. Glycine betaine, mycorrhiza and yeast treatments mitigated the harmful effects of salt stress through the enhancement of the protective parameters in stressed faba bean plants and consequently improved growth and yield characteristics.
The SARS-CoV-2 S1 Spike Protein Promotes MAPK and NF-kB Activation in Human Lung Cells and Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Human Lung and Intestinal Epithelial Cells

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in January 2020 in Wuhan, China, with a new coronavirus designated SARS-CoV-2. The principal cause of death from COVID-19 disease quickly emerged as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A key ARDS pathogenic mechanism is the “Cytokine Storm”, which is a dramatic increase in inflammatory cytokines in the blood. In the last two years of the pandemic, a new pathology has emerged in some COVID-19 survivors, in which a variety of long-term symptoms occur, a condition called post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) or “Long COVID”. Therefore, there is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms of the virus. The spike protein on the surface of the virus is composed of joined S1–S2 subunits. Upon S1 binding to the ACE2 receptor on human cells, the S1 subunit is cleaved and the S2 subunit mediates the entry of the virus. The S1 protein is then released into the blood, which might be one of the pivotal triggers for the initiation and/or perpetuation of the cytokine storm. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the S1 spike protein is sufficient to activate inflammatory signaling and cytokine production, independent of the virus. Our data support a possible role for the S1 spike protein in the activation of inflammatory signaling and cytokine production in human lung and intestinal epithelial cells in culture. These data support a potential role for the SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein in COVID-19 pathogenesis and PASC.
Impact of international family transitions

A systematic literature review of international empirical research was conducted to understand the impact of international family transitions on families’ experiences, wellbeing and facilitating/inhibiting factors of successful international transitions. The review covered the period 2000–‒2021. Using the EPPI-Centre approach, authors included 26 studies in the review that met the inclusion criteria. Synthesis of the findings suggested that, children and parents experienced international transitions differently. While children were primarily concerned with social issues, parents worried about managing family and work commitments. The findings relating to wellbeing outcomes were mixed, and we cannot say with confidence whether family wellbeing was impacted by international transitions. There was a dearth of literature examining what constitutes a successful international transition experience. The review demonstrated the challenge of viewing international transitions in a linear manner and suggests international transitions should be conceptualised as complex, multi-dimensional, dynamic and ongoing in nature. This review is the first to bring together children and parents’ experiences, wellbeing outcomes and facilitating/inhibiting factors using the Multiple and Multi-dimensional Transitions (MMT) theory. As a result, it provides some unique insights and makes an original contribution.
Evaluation of the Curriculum of High School Mathematics According to CIPP Model

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the high school mathematics curriculum, which came into force in 2013, according to the CIPP model. In this research, it was intended to evaluate the high school mathematics curriculum, which has been implemented since 2013, based on the opinions of the teachers and survey model was adopted as a quantitative research model. The population of the research consists of mathematics teachers teaching in high schools in 2017-2018 academic year. The sample of the research included 711 mathematics teachers who were working in high schools located in fourteen cities, representing seven different regions of Turkey. In the research, 5-point Likert scale was used. The scale was developed within the framework of the CIPP assessment model considering the context, input, process and product (CIPP) dimensions. The data were collected in the spring semester of the 2017-2018 academic year. Computer-aided data analysis programs were used to analyze quantitative data. According to the results of the research, teachers' views on mathematics curriculum do not significantly differ according to gender and educational status. However, there exists a significant difference in terms of “experience” “the status of reviewing the curriculum”, “having in-service training”, “the faculty graduated” and “school type that the teachers work in” variables, in all dimensions.