Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BAYESIAN NETWORK OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN MALAYSIA

Exploring the causes and effects of a hazardous event such as traffic accidents have been of vital importance to society. Statistical analyses have been widely implemented to understand and deduce inferences on the cause-effect analysis, and to anticipate the occurrences of accidents in the future. One of the issues that has not been solved through conventional statistical modelling is the existence of interrelationships between variables in the data set. However, with the advent of technology and the wide application of machine learning algorithm, this problem can be solved through the application of Bayesian network analysis, which is a directed acyclic probabilistic graphical model. By using Hill Climb (HC) and Tabu algorithms, the structure of the data was studied and the relationship was estimated through conditional probability, that is based on the Bayes’ theorem. The results suggests that weather plays a major role in the increase of traffic accidents, and occurs by disrupting lighting conditions which then disrupts the traffic systems. Furthermore, the results indicate that fatal accidents have a higher likelihood to occur in head-on, turn over and out of control accidents. The use of the Bayesian network creates probability estimates to enable the identification of the risk and the necessary precaution needed to be implemented.
Validation of the assessment of risk tool: patient prioritisation technology for clinical pharmacist interventions

Background Adverse drug events (ADEs) pose a heavy burden on health systems worldwide. The assessment of risk tool (ART) was developed to help prioritise hospitalised patients for interventions such as medication reconciliation (MR) and review, and to reduce potential ADEs from unintentional medication discrepancies and prescribing errors. Aim To validate ART, and to determine which of the selected 25 flags were significantly associated with risk of unintentional medication discrepancies and prescribing errors. Method This was a prospective observational study of 247 admissions to two medical teams in a New Zealand hospital. Study pharmacists undertook MR and review for all eligible admissions over 5 months. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used to determine differences in numbers of unintentional medication discrepancies and prescribing errors, followed by generalised linear modelling, to find the estimated ratio of the mean number of unintentional medication discrepancies between the three ART groups. In part 2 of the study, using multivariable logistic regression, combinations of flags significantly associated with risk were identified. Results Significant differences in the number of unintentional medication discrepancieswere found between the ART risk groups (p<0.0001, Kruskal–Wallis test). Patients in the high-risk group had a significantly greater number of unintentional medication discrepancies than those in the medium- and low-risk groups. There were no significant differences in prescribing errors between the ART risk groups (p=0.08, Kruskal–Wallis test). Flags significantly associated with risk, included ‘more than eight admission medications’, OR=3.7 (95% CI 2.2 to 6.4) and ‘readmission within 30 days’, OR=6.8 (95% CI 3.0 to 15.2), p<0.0001. Conclusion ART was effective for prioritising patients for interventions such as MR.
Assessment of Dietary Selenium Sources in Commercial Male Broiler Breeders: Effects on Semen Quality, Antioxidant Status and Immune Responses

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: April 01, 2019 May 18, 2019 May 23, 2019 June 12, 2019 Objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of different dietary sources of selenium on semen quality, antioxidants status and immune response in commercial male broiler breeders (Ross-308). A total of 180 50-wk-old Ross-308 male broiler breeder birds were randomly distributed to 4 treatments, each of which had 5 replicates with 9 male birds each, with a 2-week pretreatment and 14-week trial period. In one treatment birds were fed a basal corn-soybean diet supplemented with inorganic i.e. Sodium Selenite (SS) and other three treatments birds were fed diet supplemented with one of the three organic selenium sources i.e. Selenium enriched yeast (SY), L-Seleno-methionine (L-Se-Meth) or Seleno-hydroxymethionine (OH-Se-Meth), 0.3 mg/kg of diet. Performance of male broiler breeder was evaluated measuring their body weights, semen volume, sperm concentration and motility at end of 7 and 14 week of experiment (59 and 66 weeks of birds` age, respectively). Glutathione peroxidase activity, total antioxidant capacity and antibodies titer against Newcastle disease virus was also measured. Semen ejaculation volume (0.32, 0.34, 0.33 vs. 0.23 and 0.34, 0.33, 0.35 vs. 0.19 ml/ejaculate), spermatozoa count (2968, 3010, 3054 vs. 2366 and 2854, 3174, 2816 vs. 1700 10/ml), percentages of live (93.3, 92.8, 92.9 vs. 88.6 and 93.0, 92.3, 92.4 vs. 87.9%) and dead spermatozoa (6.72, 7.24, 7.12 vs. 11.4 vs. and 7.0, 7.7, 7.56 vs. 12.1%), glutathione peroxidase status (14.1, 17.7, 16.5 vs. 11.8 and 15.3, 17.8, 16.9 vs. 10.5%) and total antioxidant capacity (7.14, 7.07, 6.98 vs. 5.75 and 6.64, 7.12, 6.84 vs. 4.86%) were improved in male broiler breeders fed diets supplemented with organic selenium sources (SY, L-Se-Meth, OH-Se-Meth) than those fed inorganic selenium (SS) at end of 7 and 14 week of experiment, respectively. Dietary selenium sources did not affect body weight, flock uniformity and antibodies titers against Newcastle disease virus at any phase of experiment. It was concluded that organic selenium supplementation improved semen quality characteristics and antioxidant status, however, did not affect body weight, flock uniformity and immune responses in commercial male Ross-308 broiler breeders. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved
Customer experience and engagement in tourism destinations: the experiential marketing perspective

ABSTRACT Tourism destinations are increasingly offering experiential services to promote the development of their competitive advantage. This research investigates the effects of customers’ tourism engagement with experiential marketing activities and develops and tests a framework in this area. Findings suggest that customer engagement’s dimensions exert differing effects on customer experience and identification, which subsequently affect behavioral intention toward destinations. Findings also suggest the indirect effects of customer engagement dimensions on behavioural intentions via experience and identification. Further, findings propose the significant difference between first-time and repeat-visitors in terms of the underlying constructs. Theoretical and practical implications of results are discussed.
Normal-Flow Low-Gradient Severe Aortic Stenosis: Myth or Reality?

ABSTRACT The most prevalent form of “low-gradient” aortic stenosis (AS) is characterized by the concomitant presence of a small aortic valve area (<1.0 cm2) and a low mean gradient (<40 mmHg) but with preserved LV ejection fraction (≥50%) and normal flow (stroke volume index ≥ 35 mL/m2). This intriguing pattern referred to as “normal-flow, low-gradient” (NF-LG) AS is a matter of debate. Some studies suggest that this NF-LG pattern is a moderate form of AS, whereas others report that about half of these patients actually have true severe AS and thus benefit from aortic valve replacement (AVR). The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis workup, and therapeutic management of NF-LG AS. This pattern of AS may occur as a result of normal stroke volume but reduced mean transvalvular flow rate, reduced arterial compliance and systolic hypertension, and/or incongruity in the aortic valve area and mean gradient severity cut-points. The key steps in the management of NF-LG AS are: (1) rule out measurement errors; (2) assess the presence of symptoms; (3) confirm stenosis severity using dobutamine or preload stress echocardiography or aortic valve calcium scoring by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT); and (4) select the type of AVR depending on the assessment of surgical risk.
Non-invasive monitoring for population assessments of a critically endangered Neotropical primate

The northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus), is a Critically Endangered primate endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Remnant populations of muriquis suffer from a wide range of anthropogenic pressures and face a high risk of extinction due to demographic and environmental stochasticity. Despite the conservation status of the species and its urgent need for management and conservation based on scientific evidence, some muriqui populations are poorly studied and/or remain neglected due to the difficulties of applying traditional survey methods. Therefore, in this thesis, I assessed and provided population and genetic data of a muriqui population based in a previously unstudied site using remote sensing and molecular methods. I evaluated the use of canopy camera traps as an effective tool to detect and for a population assessment of non-habituated groups of muriqui and other arboreal primates (Callithrix flaviceps and Sapajus nigritus) in remote areas, demonstrating the applicability of the method for Neotropical primate surveys and conservation. Noninvasive genetic sampling allowed for a complementary population assessment in northern muriqui and provided information regarding the genetic diversity of the species in comparison to neighbouring populations. Overall, my studies demonstrated the potential and the effectiveness of an integrative approach based on non-invasive methods to advance our knowledge regarding a neglected and poorly studied population of muriquis, including recently discovered groups. The information provided here strengthens the potential of implementing non-invasive techniques for the assessment and monitoring of Neotropical primates in remote and difficult to reach areas, with the ultimate goal of informing management decisions and promoting species conservation.
Glycerol-Mediated and Simple Synthesis of 1,8-Dioxo-Decahydroacridines Under Transition Metal-Free Conditions

Abstract An efficient and green route for the preparation of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridines in excellent yields (83%–94%) is described. The products have been synthesized from aromatic aldehydes and 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione(dimedone) with amines. Also, four new 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives are presented. The method is very simple and environmentally friendly due to use from glycerol as a promoter and do not use of any harmful organic solvent and catalyst-based transition metal under mild conditions.
SECTORAL EFFECTS OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON MALAYSIAN SME BUSINESS PERFORMANCE

This paper seeks to estimate and analyze the influence of intellectual capital elements on firm performance on Malaysian SMEs of two sectors, service and manufacturing. The research framework proposes relationships between intellectual capital elements; human capital, structural capital and relational capital and performance. Studies on examining the effects of intellectual capital on performance are growing, however, little is known about how the effects of intellectual capital on SMEs performance differs in different sectors. Questionnaires were delivered to managers and CEOs of SMEs as key informants of the firms to gather the data. A total of 153 usable data from both sectors were analyzed using the PLS-SEM technique through the measurement model, structural model and multigroup analysis (MGA). For the direct relationship, only the effects of human capital (HC) and relational capital on performance show significant results for the full and service sample. Meanwhile, human capital (HC) and structural capital (SC) were found to have significant effects on the manufacturing sector. The multi-group analysis further indicates that the relationship between relational capital and performance differs significantly and was stronger for the service sector.
Probiotic Properties of some Lactobacillus spp. that can survive in the Presence of Viral Gastroenteritis

0.3% bile (viability rates as 81.4-92.5%, 80.9-87.3% and 73.2-89.2%, respectively). Exopolysaccharide production (4.13-50.33 mg/mL) was observed in all strains except for 182a. No antimicrobial activity was detected against E. coli ATCC 25922. All strains experienced high sensitivity to erythromycin while showing resistance to vancomycin. In conclusion, L. plantarum strains obtained in this study can be further investigated for describe other probiotic features and may be used for the production of new probiotic products to provide sufficient therapies in further studies.
FEA of effective elastic properties of banana fiber-reinforced polystyrene composite

Abstract The growing desire for better polymer-based composites has given rise to increasing research in the production and modeling of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites. In this work, the effective elastic properties of unidirectional banana fiber-reinforced polystyrene composites were evaluated via a numerical homogenization approach. Properties such as longitudinal modulus, transverse modulus, in-plane Poisson ratio and in-plane shear modulus were affected by parameter such as fiber volume fraction and cross section. The predicted numerical results obtained via finite element analysis were in good agreement with the existing phenomenological analytical model predictions.
Azimuthal Anisotropy of the North American Upper Mantle Based on Full Waveform Inversion

A new azimuthal anisotropy model for the North American and Caribbean Plates, namely, US32 , is constructed based on full waveform inversion and records from the USArray and other temporary/permanent networks deployed in the study region. A total of 180 earthquakes and 4,516 seismographic stations are employed in the inversion to simultaneously constrain radially and azimuthally anisotropic model parameters: L , N , Gc , and Gs , within the crust and mantle. Thirty‐two preconditioned conjugate gradient iterations have been utilized to minimize frequency‐dependent phase discrepancies between observed and predicted seismograms for three‐component short‐period (15–40 s) body waves and long‐period (25–100 s) surface waves. Model US32 exhibits complicated variations in anisotropic fabrics underneath the western and eastern United States, especially at depths shallower than 100 km. For instance, the fast axis orientations in model US32 suggest the presence of trench‐perpendicular mantle flows underneath the Cascadia Subduction Zone and also follow the strikes of the Snake River Plain, the Ouachita Orogenic Front, and the Grenville and Appalachian Orogenic Belts. The amplitudes of azimuthal anisotropy reduce to around 1% at depths greater than 200 km, and the orientations are subparallel to the global plate motion directions to the east of the Rocky Mountain, except for large discrepancies in central and eastern Canada. At a depth of 700 km, the fast axes change along the trajectory of the Farallon slab underneath the Great Lakes region and Gulf of Mexico, which might indicate the development of 2‐D poloidal‐mode mantle flows perpendicular to the strike of the sinking slab within the uppermost lower mantle. Comparisons between model US32 with a western U.S. model from ambient noise tomography and SKS splitting measurements demonstrate a relatively good agreement for the fast axis orientations, considering the usage of different data sets and imaging techniques. However, the absolute magnitude of azimuthal anisotropy in model US32 might be underestimated, especially at greater depths, given the poor agreement on the amplitudes of predicted and observed SKS splitting times. At the current stage, the agreement among different azimuthal anisotropy models at global and continental scales is still poor even for the United States with a dense station coverage.
Psychosocial Impact of Adjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer among women. Following multimodality treatment approach survival has improved significantly proportion of cancer patients will suffer social, emotional and psychological distress as a result of cancer diagnosis and treatment. As survivorship become more prevalent, appropriate consideration of quality of life is increasingly important. The women undergoing adjuvant treatment suffer from anxiety, depression, adjustment problems, sleep loss and various cognitive changes like confusion, loss of concentration etc. In addition it adversely impacts on capacity to cope with disease burden. The financial burden is tremendous compounding the whole situation. Psychosocial interventions have proven efficacious for helping patients and families confront the many issues that arise during this difficult time. Evidence is accumulating that psychological therapies improve emotional adjustment and social functioning, and reduce both treatment and disease-related distress in patients with cancer.
A One Year Retrospective Review of Admissions into the Accident and Emergency Department of UsmanuDanfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

The Usmanu Danfodiyo university teaching hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto receives patients from Sokoto and surrounding states of the north-western region of Nigeria. Being faced with increasing population and dwindling finances, an idea of admission pattern into the accident and emergency (A and E) department will greatly enhance policy formulations to meet the challenges of providing quality health care. To describe the admission pattern into the A and E department of UDUTH, Sokoto. A retrospective descriptive study in which the case notes of all patients seen at the accident and emergency department of UDUTH between 1st January and 31st December 2011 were reviewed. The results were analyzed using windows SPSS statistics 17.0. A total of 5,546 patients were seen. 3,302 (54.8%) were males and 2,504 (45.2%) were females giving a male: female ratio of 1.2:1. The age range was from New born – 99 years old. The median age group was 20 – 39 years. There were more medical patients compared to surgical patients in ratio 7.5:1. 4,816 (87%) medical cases were seen while 632(11%) surgical cases were seen (P value was < 0.001). The commonest medical emergencies were malaria 1,509 (27.2%), Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) 955 (17.2%) and gastroenteritis 525 (9.5%), while the commonest surgical emergencies included acute appendicitis 127 (2.3%), head injury 101 (1.8%) and extremity fractures 75 (1.4%). The highest admissions occurred in the month of June, 893(16.1%) while the lowest admission was recorded in January, 200(3.6%). 92(1.7%) patients died while on admission in the department while 15(0.3%) patients were brought in dead bringing the total mortality to 107(2.0%). Medical emergencies constitute 87% of admissions into the A and E department of UDUTH while surgical admissions constitute 11%.
Principle of Management of Type 2 Diabetes: From Clinical, Public Health and Research Perspectives

Apart from stopping smoking, controlling hypertension and using statin, losing pos- sible excess bodyweight and regular physical activity and exercise are the cornerstones in diabetes management. There is often need of controlling blood glucose immediately. Approach of ‘ dynamic dose management of medications likely to cause hypoglycemia ’ helps to control high blood glucose immediately as and when required with sulfonylurea or insulin and to taper off their dose later. Anti-hyperglycemic medications which are unlikely to cause hypoglycemia are continued to control hyperglycemia. The diagnosis of gestational diabetes usually made at 24-28 weeks is applicable for clinical management of mother and child and for possible prevention of diabetes later in the mother. From the public health perspectives, however, protection of the susceptible in utero population from maternal malnutrition or clinical or subclinical hyperglycemia right from the time of conception itself also needs to be considered to control the diabetes epidemic at the population level. Campaigns and programmes for maintenance of optimal pre-preg- nancy body weight as per the recommended body mass index of the respective populations along with regular physical activity and exercise during pregnancy are the essential measures available at hand to prevent the possibility of maternal hyperglycemia right from the early pregnancy.
Situationism, subjunctive hypocrisy and standing to blame

ABSTRACT Philosophers have argued that subjects who act wrongly in the situationist psychology experiments are morally responsible for their actions. This paper argues that though the obedient subjects in Milgram’s ‘Obedience to Authority’ experiments are blameworthy, since most of us would have acted in the same manner they did, it is inappropriate for most of us to blame them. On Todd’s ([2019]. “A Unified Account of the Moral Standing to Blame.” Noûs 53 (2): 347–374. ) recent account of standing to blame, agents lack the standing to blame others for a wrong when they are not sufficiently committed to the moral values which would condemn that wrong. I argue that the obedient subjects lack sufficient commitment to the kinds of values which would condemn their wrongdoing. This is evidenced by the fact that the wrongdoing was severe, that the subjects had the capacity to avoid wrongdoing, and that there was very little cost to avoiding wrongdoing. Since these studies are very well-replicated, most of us in the moral community would have acted as they did for similar reasons. At least 80% of us therefore lack the standing to blame the obedient subjects.