Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the shared pathology of atrial fibrillation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and the prognostic, diagnostic, and treatment challenges incurred by the co-occurrence of these increasingly prevalent diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Multiple risk factors and mechanisms have been proposed as potentially linking atrial fibrillation and HFpEF, with systemic inflammation more recently being invoked. Nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants, left atrial appendage occlusion devices, and catheter ablation have emerged as alternative treatment options. Other novel pharmacological agents, such as neprilysin inhibitors, need to be studied further in this patient population. SUMMARY Atrial fibrillation and HFpEF commonly co-occur because of their shared risk factors and pathophysiology and incur increased morbidity and mortality relative to either condition alone. Although the presence of both diseases can often make each diagnosis difficult, it is important to do so early in the disease course as there are now a variety of treatment options aimed at improving symptoms and quality of life, slowing disease progression, and improving prognosis. However, more research needs to be performed on the role of catheter ablation in this population. Novel pharmacologic and procedural treatment options appear promising and may further improve the treatment options available to this growing population.
Oral Health and Molecular Aspects of Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in adults. It occurs only occasionally in oral soft tissues, and knowledge about its characteristics is based on a limited number of cases reported in the literature. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma belongs to the group of soft tissue sarcomas and makes up less than 10% of soft tissue sarcomas. For therapeutic purposes, complete exeresis of the lesion (macroscopic and microscopic) is performed because they have frequent recurrences. As for complementary therapy in addition to surgery, neither radiotherapy nor chemotherapy have been shown to reduce the risk of death related to the disease. Often patients complain of a swelling that grows in a short period of time. It is quite common for patients to report trauma in the area, which is not the cause, but rather the event that allows diagnosis. The mass usually does not cause pain unless it compresses an adjacent nerve structure. The aim of this study is to systematically review the scientific literature in order to identify the most recent studies concerning malignant fibrous histiocytomas localized in oral soft tissues and report their main data. The main outcomes of this study concern the immunohistochemical, molecular, and clinical aspects of this pathology. A systematic review of articles in the electronic databases pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed. After the selection process, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The mean age of the patients was 50.8 years old. The lesions affected various parts of the oral cavity, showing predominantly storiform–pleomorphic patterns. All cases except one were treated with surgical resection and radiation therapy. Although some data emerged from this review, they remain limited to a few case reports. Further studies are necessary in order to standardize the approach to patients affected by oral malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH).
Savings in sensorimotor adaptation without explicit strategy.

The hallmark of long-term retention of sensorimotor adaptation is a faster relearning when similar perturbations are encountered again. However, what processes underlie this saving effect is under debate. Though motor adaptation is traditionally viewed as a type of procedural learning, its savings has been recently shown to solely based on a quick recall of explicit adaptation strategy. Here we showed that adaptation to a novel error-invariant perturbation without an explicit strategy could enable subsequent savings. We further showed that adaptation to gradual perturbations could enable savings, which was supported by enhanced implicit learning. Our study provides supporting evidence that long-term retention of motor adaptation is possible without forming or recalling a cognitive strategy, and the interplay between implicit and explicit learning critically depends on the specifics of learning protocol and available sensory feedback.
Efficient speaker diarization and low-latency speaker spotting. (Segmentation et regroupement efficaces en locuteurs et détection des locuteurs à faible latence)

Speaker diarization involves the detection of speakers within an audio stream and the intervals during which each speaker is active, i.e. the determination of ‘who spoken when’. The task is closely linked to that of speaker recognition or detection, which involves the comparison of two, presumably single-speaker speech segments and the determination of whether or not they were uttered by the same speaker. Even if many practical applications require their combination, the two tasks are traditionally tackled independently from each other. The work presented in this thesis takes a similar approach, but also considers an application where speaker diarization and speaker recognition solutions are fused at their heart. Both speaker diarization and recognition rely upon speaker modelling techniques, the most advanced of which exploit developments in deep learning. These techniques typically require training and optimisation using massive quantities of domain-matched training data. When such modelling techniques are applied to domain-mismatched data, performance can degrade substantially. When domain-matched data is scarce, or not available in sufficient quantities, then alternative, domain-robust speaker modelling techniques are needed. The work presented in this thesis exploits an approach to speaker modelling involving binary keys (BKs). BK modelling is inherently efficient and can operate without the need for external training data. Instead, it operates using test data alone. Novel contributions include: (i) a new approach to BK extraction based on multi-resolution spectral analysis; (ii) an approach to speaker change detection using BKs; (iii) the application of spectral clustering methods to BK speaker modelling; (iv) new fusion techniques that combine the benefits of both BK and deep learning based solutions to speaker diarization. All contributions lead to substantial improvements over baseline techniques and led to excellent results in 3 internationally competitive evaluations, including 2 best-ranked systems. Other contributions include the combination of speaker diarization within a speaker detection task. The work relates to security applications and EURECOM’s participation in the ANR ODESSA project. The new task, coined low latency speaker spotting (LLSS), involves the rapid detection of known speakers within multi-speaker audio streams. It
Is Conventional Resin Cement Adhesive Performance to Dentin Better Than Self-adhesive? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Laboratory Studies.

This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature on laboratory studies assessing bonding performance to dentin of conventional and self-adhesive resin cements, in cementing indirect restorations. This review was reported according to the PRISMA Statement. Of a total of 518 studies, 36 were screened full text and reviewed according to exclusion criteria. Nineteen papers were included in the systematic review and meta-analyses, according to the following inclusion criteria: studies that evaluated the bond strength to dentin of indirect restorations cemented with dual conventional or self-adhesive resin cements and those that presented bond strength data in MPa as an outcome. Statistical analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.1. Comparisons were performed with random effects models at 5% significance level. A global analysis comparing conventional and self-adhesive cements and three subgroup analyses comparing immediate and long-term results were performed. Global analysis showed a difference between groups, with conventional resin cements presenting higher bond strength results than self-adhesive resin cements, in immediate and long-term time periods (both p=0.03). Immediate and long-term bond strength results were different for self-adhesive cements, favoring immediate bond strength (p=0.03), but immediate and long-term bond strength results for conventional resin cements were not different (p=0.06). Medium or high risk of bias was found in all studies. Conventional multistep resin cements showed superior overall adhesive performance compared with simplified self-adhesive resin cements when used to cement indirect restorations to dentin.
High-level athletes’ motivation for sport and susceptibility to doping: The mediating role of eating behaviours

ABSTRACT Both doping (e.g. Hodge, K., Hargreaves, E. A., Gerrard, D. F., & Lonsdale, C. (2013). Psychological mechanisms underlying doping attitudes in sport: Motivation and moral disengagement. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 35, 419–432. ) and eating behaviours (e.g. Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L., & Harris, J. (2006). From psychological need satisfaction to intentional behaviour: Testing a motivational sequence in two behavioural contexts. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 131–148. ) have been studied independently within the SDT framework, but no research has examined these variables concomitantly to better understand the relationships between motivation for sport and doping variables. We therefore examined the mediating role of eating behaviour in the relationship between SDT constructs for sport motivation and athletes’ susceptibility to doping. Bootstrapped mediation analyses were performed for 171 male and female athletes with competitive experience in various sports. The analyses revealed that healthy eating behaviours significantly mediated the relationship between SDT motivational constructs and susceptibility to doping. The findings enrich our theoretical understanding of how the SDT approach to motivation for sport might provide insight into the susceptibility to doping; that is, through the potential mediating role of healthy eating behaviours. Finally, the potential central position of eating behaviours in the motivation-doping relationship opens up a potential swathe of novel research, with investigations into eating behaviours at the forefront of future research on the psychology of doping.
Evaluation of Resistance Management for the Oriental Fruit Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to Insecticides in Brazilian Apple Orchards

Abstract The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busk, 1916), is one of the most important pests in apple orchards in southern Brazil. Chemical control is still the most commonly used strategy for pest control. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance evolution of seven South Brazilian populations to four insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, lufenuron, chlorpyrifos, and fenitrothion). Bioassays were paired with metabolic analyses of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), carboxylesterases (α-NA and β-NA), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to understand the possible role with phytosanitary strategies in the insects' susceptibility. Insect populations were collected in the municipalities of Campo doTenente, Lapa and Porto Amazonas, Fraiburgo, São Joaquim, and Vacaria and multiplied in the laboratory. Two susceptible and two resistant populations were used as references. The bioassays showed that five populations were considered more resistant to organophosphates, six to lufenuron and two to chlorantraniliprole when compared with the sensitive population. None of the field populations had greater resistance than the resistant laboratory population. The enzymatic activity of AChE and GST was elevated in most of the populations that were less susceptible to organophosphates and lufenuron. The populations originating from orchards that used sexual confusion techniques had the greatest susceptibility based on toxicological and biochemical bioassays. Populations under pressure from various compounds had high GST, α and β-NA activity. There is evidence that a diversity of control strategies can provide better resistance management.
Real-time kinetics and high-resolution melt curves in single-molecule digital LAMP to differentiate and study specific and non-specific amplification

Abstract Isothermal amplification assays, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), show great utility for the development of rapid diagnostics for infectious diseases because they have high sensitivity, pathogen-specificity and potential for implementation at the point of care. However, elimination of non-specific amplification remains a key challenge for the optimization of LAMP assays. Here, using chlamydia DNA as a clinically relevant target and high-throughput sequencing as an analytical tool, we investigate a potential mechanism of non-specific amplification. We then develop a real-time digital LAMP (dLAMP) with high-resolution melting temperature (HRM) analysis and use this single-molecule approach to analyze approximately 1.2 million amplification events. We show that single-molecule HRM provides insight into specific and non-specific amplification in LAMP that are difficult to deduce from bulk measurements. We use real-time dLAMP with HRM to evaluate differences between polymerase enzymes, the impact of assay parameters (e.g. time, rate or florescence intensity), and the effect background human DNA. By differentiating true and false positives, HRM enables determination of the optimal assay and analysis parameters that leads to the lowest limit of detection (LOD) in a digital isothermal amplification assay.
The Effects of Video Games in Memory and Attention

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is ubiqui-tous. Technologies like video games have become very popular not only with the young generation but also with older people. The video game indus-try has seen rapid growth over recent years, as has the interest in the influ-ence of video game experience on people’s daily life. The study focuses on a novel approach to training Visual Working Memory (VWM) through the use of video games and examines research evidence concerning whether video games can serve as a vehicle for promoting the development of cogni-tive skills and especially memory and attention.
Hormonal Treatment and Cardiovascular Risk Profile in Transgender Adolescents

In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluate changes in the cardiovascular risk profile in transgender adolescents during puberty suppression and hormonal treatment. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The effects of endocrinological treatment on cardiovascular risk profile in transgender adolescents are unknown. In this retrospective cohort study, we aim to investigate these effects and assess obesity and dyslipidemia prevalence in transgender adolescents at 22 years compared with peers. METHODS: Changes in BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), glucose, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipid values during treatment, along with the prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia at 22 years, were recorded in 71 transwomen and 121 transmen who started gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in their adolescence (15 years), with a subsequent addition of sex hormones (17 years). RESULTS: In transwomen, changes in BMI (+3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6 to 4.4), SBP (−2 mm Hg; 95% CI −7 to 3), DBP (+10 mm Hg; 95% CI 7 to 14), glucose (0.0 mmol/L; 95% CI −0.2 to 0.2), HOMA-IR (+0.6; 95% CI −0.6 to 1.9), and lipid values were similar or more favorable compared with peers. The same was true for transmen regarding changes in BMI (+2.3; 95% CI 1.7 to 2.9), SBP (+7 mm Hg; 95% CI 3 to 10), DBP (+7 mm Hg; 95% CI 5 to 10), glucose (+0.1 mmol/L; 95% CI −0.1 to 0.3), HOMA-IR (−0.2; 95% CI −0.8 to 0.3), and lipid values. At age 22, obesity prevalence was 9.9% in transwomen, 6.6% in transmen, 2.2% in ciswomen, and 3.0% in cismen. CONCLUSIONS: Generally, endocrinological treatment in transgender adolescents is safe regarding cardiovascular risk. Because obesity is more prevalent in transgender adolescents compared with peers, body weight management should be important during the medical trajectory.
The Influence of the Teacher’s Prosocial Skills on the Mindwandering, Creative Intelligence, Emotions, and Academic Performance of Secondary Students in the Area of Physical Education Classes

Physical Education classes are a key context for the development of creativity due to interactions with peers and the resolution of complex motor skills. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of the teacher’s social behaviors on the mindwandering, emotional state, and academic performance of Physical Education students. The study involved 606 high school students and 36 physical education teachers. A structural equation model was used to analyze the relationship between the variables of the study. The results showed how the teacher’s prosocial and antisocial behaviors had a negative influence on mindwandering. In turn, mindwandering negatively predicted creative intelligence. Likewise, creative intelligence positively predicted a positive emotional state and academic performance and negatively predicted a negative emotional state. Finally, a positive emotional state positively predicted academic performance, while a negative emotional state predicted it negatively. Therefore, the results achieved in the study showed how mindwandering should be promoted in the educational field as a means of encouraging creativity and therefore increasing the well-being of students, which is conducive to academic performance.
Surgical Management of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Patients Related to Dental Implants.

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study is to report a case series of patients with peri-implant medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), in particular describing the onset of the condition and surgical treatment outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifteen consecutive patients with clinical diagnosis of peri-implant MRONJ were retrospectively included in the study. The sample was stratified on the base of oral, pharmacological, and general health variables. The number of affected implants was recorded in all patients, and MRONJ staging applied. Surgical treatment was performed with a standardized operative protocol, involving implant removal, sequestrectomy, debridement of soft tissue, and bone curettage. Follow-up evaluating surgical outcome was performed at twelve months after surgery. RESULTS in our study sample, patients were almost equally distributed in terms of underlying diseases in osteoporotic and oncologic patients. All MRONJ lesions were symptomatic, and in 6 patients bone exposure was detected. 40 implants in total were evaluated, with MRONJ being present around 29 implants. 12 patients were diagnosed with Stage III MRONJ, and 3 patients with Stage II MRONJ. Surgical treatment leads to complete healing in 86.7% of cases, with 100% success for maxillary MRONJ. CONCLUSIONS Surgical treatment seems to have a positive impact on MRONJ treatment also in cases of peri-implant involvement. However, monitoring and prevention are fundamental in patients under pharmacological treatment with anti-resorptive/antiangiogenic drugs, as peri-implant MRONJ can develop also in absence of specific traumatic events.
Association of Obesity Measures with Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Cryoablation in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Background Obesity increases the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after ablation. This study explored the relationship between various obesity indexes and risk of recurrence after cryoablation of paroxysmal AF (PAF). Material/Methods Our prospective study included 100 patients with PAF who underwent first cryoablation. Physical examination and fasting blood lipids levels were measured at baseline. Seven obesity indexes were determined: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-hip ratio (WHR), cardiometabolic index (CMI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and body adiposity index (BAI). AF recurrence was confirmed by electrocardiograms and Holter monitor at follow-up visits after the initial 3-month blanking period. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to assess the abilities of obesity indicators in predicting AF recurrence. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to examine independent predictors of AF recurrence. Results During a mean follow-up of 13.4 months, 31 patients (31.0%) had recurrent AF. Patients with recurrence had higher BMI, WC, WHtR, LAP, and BAI compared with those without recurrence. ROC analysis indicated the potential predictive value of BAI with an AUC of 0.657 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.534–0.779), followed by WC, WHtR, LAP, and BMI (all P<0.05). Diagnosis-to-ablation time (HR 1.034, 95% CI: 1.002–1.068), left atrial diameter (HR 1.147, 95% CI: 1.026–1.281), and WC (HR 1.026, 95% CI: 1.000–1.053) were independent predictive factors for AF recurrence after multivariable adjustment. Conclusions In this study population, WC appears to be a potential indicator for the prediction of recurrence in patients with PAF after cryoablation.
Transcriptional and Ultrastructural Analyses Suggest Novel Insights into Epithelial Barrier Impairment in Celiac Disease

Disruption of epithelial junctional complex (EJC), especially tight junctions (TJ), resulting in increased intestinal permeability, is supposed to activate the enhanced immune response to gluten and to induce the development of celiac disease (CD). This study is aimed to present the role of EJC in CD pathogenesis. To analyze differentially expressed genes the next-generation mRNA sequencing data from CD326+ epithelial cells isolated from non-celiac and celiac patients were involved. Ultrastructural studies with morphometry of EJC were done in potential CD, newly recognized active CD, and non-celiac controls. The transcriptional analysis suggested disturbances of epithelium and the most significant gene ontology enriched terms in epithelial cells from CD patients related to the plasma membrane, extracellular exome, extracellular region, and extracellular space. Ultrastructural analyses showed significantly tighter TJ, anomalies in desmosomes, dilatations of intercellular space, and shorter microvilli in potential and active CD compared to controls. Enterocytes of fetal-like type and significantly wider adherence junctions were observed only in active CD. In conclusion, the results do not support the hypothesis that an increased passage of gluten peptides by unsealing TJ precedes CD development. However, increased intestinal permeability due to abnormality of epithelium might play a role in CD onset.