Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ZmASR 3 gene from maize ASR gene family positively 2 regulates drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis 3 4

The abscisic acid (ABA)-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins have been 12 reported to be involved in drought stress. However, the function in enhancing the drought 13 tolerance of maize ASR gene is rarely known. Here, nine maize ASR members were cloned and the 14 molecular features of these genes were analyzed. Phenotype results of overexpression the ZmASR3 15 gene in Arabidopsis had lower malondialdehyde (MDA), higher relative water content (RWC) and 16 proline content than wild type under drought conditions, demonstrating that ZmASR3 can 17 improve the drought tolerance in plant. Further studies showed that ZmASR3-overexpressing 18 transgenic lines lead to the increased stomatal closure and reduced the reactive oxygen species 19 (ROS) accumulation by increasing the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and 20 catalase activities (CAT) under drought conditions. Moreover, overexpression of ZmASR3 in 21 Arabidopsis increased the ABA content and reduced the sensitivity to exogenous ABA at both 22 germination and postgermination stages. In addition, the ROS-related, stress-responsive and 23 ABA-dependent pathway genes were activated in transgenic lines under drought stress. Taken 24 together, these results suggest that ZmASR3 act as a positive regulator that can positively regulate 25 the drought tolerance in plants . 26
Does Economic Policy Uncertainty Affect Analyst Forecast Accuracy?

I investigate the dynamics of analyst forecast errors relative to economic policy uncertainty and find a significant positive relation between economic policy uncertainty and analyst forecast errors. A doubling of economic policy uncertainty is associated with a 4.29 percentage points increase in earnings (EPS) forecast errors, and the volatility and dispersion in analyst forecast errors are positively related to the economic policy uncertainty. Earnings forecast errors are higher for firms with higher sensitivity to the economic policy uncertainty, and the uncertainty factor retains its significance when compared to other risk factors. Additionally, firms with higher idiosyncratic risks show a higher sensitivity to the economic policy uncertainty.
Heteroleptic [Cu(P^P)(N^N)][PF6] Compounds with Isomeric Dibromo-1,10-Phenanthroline Ligands

A series of [Cu(P^P)(N^N)][PF6] compounds are reported in which N^N is 2,9-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (2,9-Br2phen), 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (3,8-Br2phen) or 4,7-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (4,7-Br2phen) and P^P is bis(2-(diphenylphosphano)phenyl)ether (POP) or 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphano)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (xantphos). The compounds were characterized by solution multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and a single-crystal X-ray analysis. Each compound underwent a partially reversible or irreversible copper-centred oxidation, the highest potential being for 2,9-Br2phen-containing compounds. In solution, the compounds are weak yellow or orange emitters, whereas powdered samples exhibit yellow emissions with photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 45% for [Cu(xantphos)(2,9-Br2phen)][PF6] with an excited state lifetime τ1/2 = 9.9 μs. Values of λemmax for [Cu(POP)(2,9-Br2phen)][PF6] and [Cu(xantphos)(2,9-Br2phen)][PF6] are blue-shifted with respect to compounds with the 3,8-and 4,7-isomers, both in solution and in the solid state.
High Voltage Special Issue: Thermally Conductive but Electrically Insulating Materials For High Voltage Applications

Electronic packaging materials and thermal interface materials (TIMs) are widely used in thermal management. In this study, the epoxy composites with core-shell structure SiC@SiO2 nanowires (SiC@SiO2 NWs) as fillers could effectively enhance the thermal conductivity of epoxy composites. The unique structure of fillers results in a high thermal conductivity of epoxy composites, which is attributed to good interfacial compatibility epoxy matrix and bridging connections of SiC@SiO2 NWs. From neat epoxy to 2.5 wt% loading of SiC@SiO2 NWs, the thermal conductivity is significantly increased from 0.218 to 0.391 W m−1 K−1, increased by 79.4%. In addition, the composite with 2.5 wt% filler possess lower coefficient of thermal expansion and better thermal stability than that of neat epoxy. All these outstanding properties imply that epoxy/SiC@SiO2 NWs composites could be the ideal candidate for TIM.
Analysis of Flavonoids in Dalbergia odorifera by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Dalbergia odorifera, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases in China for thousands of years. Flavonoids are major active compounds in D. odorifera. In this paper, a rapid and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 17 flavonoids in D. odorifera. Quantification was performed by multiple reaction monitoring using electrospray ionization in negative ion mode. Under the optimum conditions, calibration curves for the 17 analytes displayed good linearity (r2 > 0.9980). The intra- and inter-day precisions (relative standard deviations) were lower than 5.0%. The limit of quantitation ranged from 0.256 to 18.840 ng/mL. The mean recovery range at three spiked concentrations was 94.18–101.97%. The validated approach was successfully applied to 18 samples of D. odorifera. Large variation was observed for the contents of the 17 analytes. Sativanone and 3′-O-methylviolanone were the dominant compounds. The fragmentation behaviors of six flavonoids were investigated using UPLC with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. In negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, all the flavonoids yielded prominent [M − H]− ions. Fragments for losses of CH3, CO, and CO2 were observed in the mass spectra. Formononetin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, sativanone, and alpinetin underwent retro-Diels–Alder fragmentations. The proposed method will be helpful for quality control of D. odorifera.
Mortgage Credit and Housing Markets∗

This paper investigates how mortgage credit conditions affect housing markets and the demand for homeownership. Using unique data on homeowners’ listings and transactions from the largest Chinese real estate brokerage company, and exploiting policy-driven changes in mortgage credit conditions in China, I provide empirical evidence that higher mortgage interest rates and down payment requirements have a negative effect on housing demand and prices. Estimating a structural model of households’ demand and supply of residential properties, I find that mortgage interest rates and down payment requirements negatively affect households’ willingness to pay and the value of owning residential properties. With counterfactual experiments, I quantify how mortgage credit policies influence housing demand, supply, price, market liquidity, bargaining power and study the role of expectation in determining housing market outcomes. JEL-classification:
Identifying the Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks in an Open Economy

This paper presents estimates of the effects of monetary policy shocks on the Swedish economy. A theoretical model of an open economy is used to identify a structural VAR model. The empirical results from the identified VAR model are compared with two less structural approaches for identification of monetary policy shocks. The first assumes that shocks can be measured as deviations from a forward looking interest rate rule, estimated using Sveriges Riksbank’s (Swedish central bank) own forecasts. The second approach focuses on the effects of “narrative” monetary policy shocks as given by devaluations of the Swedish currency. We find that plausible theoretical restrictions often result in price puzzles. Although conventional results obtain with certain theoretical restrictions imposed on the VAR, another way to achieve this is by using external information about large policy shocks. Thus, we find that the effects of some devaluations are consistent with the conventional wisdom about the effects of monetary policy shock.
Drug Use in Denmark for Drugs Having Pharmacogenomics (PGx) Based Dosing Guidelines from CPIC or DPWG for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 Drug–Gene Pairs: Perspectives for Introducing PGx Test to Polypharmacy Patients

Background: The cytochrome P450 drug metabolizing enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 are the major targets for pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing and determining for drug response. Clinical dosing guidelines for specific drug-gene interactions (DGI) are publicly available through PharmGKB. The aim of this register study was to map the use of drugs in Denmark for drugs having actionable dosing guidelines (AG) i.e., dosing recommendations different from standard dosing for CYP2D6 or CYP2C19 DGI in terms of consumption. Methods: The Danish Register of Medicinal Product Statistics was the source to retrieve consumption in Defined Daily Dose (DDD) i.e., the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults and number of users (2017 data). Clinical dosing guidelines were available from the PharmGKB website. Results: Forty-nine drugs have guidelines corresponding to 14.5% of total sales in DDD. Twenty-eight drugs have AG corresponding to 375.2 million DDD. Pantoprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, clopidogrel, and metoprolol constituted fifty-eight percent of the consumption in DDD of drugs having AG. The consumption of antidepressant drugs, opioids, and antipsychotic drugs were 157.0 million DDD; with 441,850 users, 48.9 million DDD; with 427,765 users, and 23.7 million DDD; with 128,935 users, respectively. Age distributions of consumption of drugs and drug combinations, e.g., for sertraline redeemed either alone or in combination with metoprolol and tramadol, are presented. Conclusion: This exploratory register study clearly showed that a large fraction of the Danish population, especially the elderly, are exposed to drugs or drug combinations for which there exist AG related to PGx of CYP2D6 or CYP2C19.
Psychological Barrier and Cross-Firm Return Predictability

We provide a psychological explanation for the delayed price response to news about economically linked firms. We show that the return predictability of economically linked firms depends on the nearness to the 52-week high stock price. The interaction between news about economically linked firms and the nearness to the 52-week high can partially explain the underreaction to news about customers, geographic neighbors, industry peers, or foreign industries. We also find that analysts react to news about economically linked firms but the 52-week high effect reduces such reactions, providing direct evidence that the 52-week high affects the belief-updating process.
Consuming Dividends

This paper studies why investors buy dividend-paying assets and how they time their consumption accordingly. We combine administrative bank data linking customers’ consumption transactions and income to detailed portfolio data and survey responses on financial behavior. We find that private consumption is excessively sensitive to dividend income. Investors across wealth, income, and age distributions increase spending precisely around days of dividend receipt. Importantly, the consumption response is driven by financially prudent investors who select dividend portfolios, anticipate dividend income, and plan consumption accordingly. Our results contribute to the literature on a dividend clientele and provide evidence of ‘planned’ excess sensitivity.
Development and Validation of Worktext in Drawing 2

This Study aimed to develop and validate Worktext in Drawing 2 for Technology students of College of Industrial Technology. It was conducted at University of Rizal System during the school year 2010-2011 with 50 first year BT students and 8 drafting professors as respondents. The study used the descriptive-experimental method to describe and evaluate the developed Worktext in Drawing 2 using the questionnaire-checklist and test results in gathering data. A pretest and posttest was administered to the student users to determine the performance in Drawing 2 of the two groups of respondents. They were asked to evaluate the worktext through the following: subject matter, organization and presentation, language and style and style and usefulness. Responses were tallied, tabulated and interpreted with the use of appropriate statistical treatment. The derived conclusions are as follows. Students exposed to the developed worktext in Drawing 2 performed better than the students taught without the use of the worktext. The developed worktext in Drawing 2 as instructional material is highly acceptable in teaching the subject. From the findings and conclusions presented, the study recommended the following: the developed worktext in Drawing 2 may be adopted for use by al l Technology and Engineering students in different specializations, continuous revisions and modifications of the worktext may be done to suit the learning styles, needs and abilities of the students and development of worktext, workbook and the same materials in other drawing/drafting areas may be developed.
Can you pronounce January?

The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is a difference between Swedish learners of English in an at-home environment compared to Swedish learners of English who studied English abroad for a year, in their ability to distinguish between certain English phoneme. The method used to investigate was through a questionnaire where the informants had to identify words containing the sounds /z/, /θ/, /ð/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/ and /w/. The results showed that the informants who had been abroad were more familiar with the sounds than the informants who had studied in a Swedish senior high school over the same period of time. It was found that the sound /z/ was the hardest sound to identify, followed by /ʒ/, for both groups of informants.
Evaluation of Remote-Sensing based Estimates of Actual Evapotranspiration over (Diverse Shape and Sized) Palmiet Wetlands

Accurately quantifying actual evapotranspiration (ETa) over wetlands is important for the improved management of these ecosystems, since 65% of them are threatened by clearing or drainage in South Africa. This study evaluated a range of available estimates of ETa over six palmiet wetlands, which are key ecological structures in terms of water regulation and sediment trapping. The research compared three remote sensing based products (a local product, FruitLook, and two global data products, MOD16 ET and EEFlux) across different rainfall years (2008 to 2019). Their outputs were validated, where possible, with limited ground-based scintillometer data on the Krom palmiet wetland, which indicated that MOD16 and EEFlux were most representative of ground-based measurements. We also compared the small pixel size EEFlux data over three wetlands with ETa over increasing buffers of land cover (100, 500, 1000 m) in order to validate the perception of these wetlands being high water users. While larger wetlands had slightly higher evaporative demands than adjacent areas, ETa over a small wetland was similar to neighboring land cover. The results indicate that palmiet wetland ETa is highly variable and dependent on external factors such as climate, wetland size and seasonality.
Do changes in reserve requirement affect bank lending and economic growth? Evidence from US microdata

Whether and how monetary expansion affects the real economy is an issue that is well studied but still triggers dissent and debates. This paper utilizes the adjustment of reserve requirements due to the phase-in program of the 1980 Monetary Control Act and annual updates of reserve regulations as a natural experiment to study the local economic consequences of changes in monetary supply. These changes to reserve requirement by the Federal Reserve were motivated by aggregate (national level) trends and set at the national level, with no specific consideration of local needs. Depending on the membership status with the Federal Reserve and the composition of deposits, the policy changes the amount of reserve requirement to different degrees for individual banks, and hence for different counties on the regional-aggregate level. Using 1982-1992 data, I show that reduction in the reserve requirement increases new loans extended by banks. Moreover, the reduction in required reserve leads to employment growth at the county level. Consistent with the expectation that the reserve changes would matter more for firms and industries more reliant on bank financing, I find that this growth effect is stronger for smaller firms (defined as 1-19 employees) than larger firms (100+ employees) and more significant for industries with a higher level of dependence on external finance. ∗I thank Jagadeesh Sivadasan, Amiyatosh Purnanandam, Kathryn Dominguez, Kyle Handley, Achyuta Adhvaryu and participants at University of Michigan BE Seminars and my PhD colleagues. All errors remain mine.
New sources of resistance to Meloidogyne incognita race 3 in wild cotton accessions and histological characterization of the defence mechanisms

were evaluated for resistance to a local isolate of Meloidogyne incognita race 3 in greenhouse experiments. Nematode infection was characterized based on the galling and egg mass indexes and the reproduction factors (RF). Root-knot nematode reproduction among the newly tested accessions varied from highly susceptible (AS0188, AS0189) to moderately resistant (MT123 no. 3), and some accessions showed highly reduced nematode reproduction (CIR1343, CIR1348, Fai Mui). Histological observations of two resistant accessions ( G. barbadense CIR1348 and G. hirsutum TX-25, respectively) showed that resistance occurs through a two-stage mechanism in the ﬁrst accession and through a single-stage mechanism in the second. Parasitism is blocked early after second-stage juvenile (J2) penetration or during its initial tissue migration (CIR1348) and the development of later-stage juveniles into female adults is suppressed at a later stage (TX-25 and CIR1348). Fluorescence and bright light microscopy showed that root cells surrounding nematodes exhibit a hypersensitivity-like reaction, with the accumulation of presumably phenolic compounds and the presence of necrotic cells that limit the development of nematodes and the formation of giant cells. Underdeveloped giant cells with degenerated cytoplasmic content were found in small numbers in CIR1348 and in large numbers in TX-25, along with deformed nematodes. The full characterization of the defence mechanisms of novel sources of resistance to the root-knot nematode in cotton constitutes a ﬁrst step towards their use in crop improvement.
Acne on Pigmented Skin: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Features in Dermatology in Benin

Purpose: The aim of this work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of pigmented skin acne in Benin. Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional and analytical study conducted in the dermatology departments of the Borgou-Alibori Departmental Teaching Hospital and the National Teaching Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga from January 2017 to December 2018, which has included black-skinned patients who were diagnosed with acne and gave their free and informed consent. The ECLA score was used for clinical evaluation of the severity of the acne. Results: We collected 129 patients including 35 men and 94 women. The median age of the patient was 24.6 years ± 8.5 years. The median age of onset was 17.9 years ± 7.6 years. The main triggering of worsening factors was inadequate self-medication (53.5%), excoriation (48.1%), certain foods (34.9%) and lightening cosmetic (32.5%). Most patients had inflammatory (51.9%) or comedonal (31.8%) acne associated with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentations (70.5%) and excoriated lesions (31%). In the majority of cases, acne was moderate in women (52.1%) and severe in men (62.8%) with p = 9 × 10-3. The lesions were electively seated in the face (95.3%), mainly on the forehead and cheeks. Active cosmetics (76.7%), retinoids (58.9%), oral antibiotics (55.8%), and benzoyl peroxide (48.9%) were the most commonly used therapeutic classes. Conclusion: The majority of young and adult women consulted for predominant inflammatory acne on the forehead and cheeks, moderate in woman and severe in men in Benin. The therapeutic arsenal consisted mainly of active cosmetics, retinoids, antibiotics and benzoyl peroxide.
Comparing the Metrical Structure of a Digit Sequence in American English : Articulatory vs . Acoustic Analysis

and meter (Liberrnanl975, Libcrman and Prince 1977, Prince 1983). The metrical patterns ofLiberman are basically trees (later metrical grids were also formulated) with binary branching ofrelatively strong (s) apd weak (w) nodes (an element is strong only when presented with another element that is weak). The constituents of the trees are ordered in time, and the trees are rooted, that is, there is only one constituent at the highest level. The main stress is always the most prominent terminal element. In his dissertation Liberman (1975) aligned the highest one to the strongest syllable with the longest duration. It is important to note here that Liberman and Prince (1977) in their proposal of the Mletrical theety deviate clearly from some earlier concepts of Iinguistic in two important points. First, stress could act above the word level, in contrast to Bolinger (1958) and Fry (1955), for whem the demain of stres$ was only lexi¢ al, Bolinger also believed that sentence stress was nothing rnore than a handle fbr pitch-accents. Second, according to the metrical theory, stress in English has phonetic reality in the rhythmic structure and is independent ofthe placement of intenation contours, In addition, metrical theory is a relational
Treatment of experimentally induced diabetic wound infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using Aloe vera, Apium graveolens, and Sauropus androgynus extracts in rats

Background and Aim: One of the complications of diabetes mellitus is diabetic ulcer. Diabetic ulcer is commonly infected by infectious agents, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of alcoholic extracts of Aloe vera, Apium graveolens, and Sauropus androgynus on promoting wound healing in a diabetic wound infected with MRSA. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 months old, weighing 250-300 g) were injected with 65 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin to induce diabetes. On day 7, the backs of the rats were shaved, and two circular wounds (4 mm in diameter) were created on their back, which were infected with MRSA. The rats were divided into six groups: Group I = control, Group II = treated with cream base without extract, Group III = treated with 2% A. vera cream, Group IV = treated with 2% A. graveolens cream, Group V = treated with 2% S. androgynus cream, and Group VI = treated with 2% A. vera + 2% A. graveolens + 2% S. androgynus cream. The wounds were treated twice a day for 14 days. The data were collected on days 7 and 14. Results: The results showed that all three herbal extracts and their combination decreased wound area and percentage of the wound, increased tensile strength of skin, collagen deposition, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and skin thickness, and depressed the C-reactive protein profile and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. Conclusion: A. vera, A. graveolens, and S. androgynus creams can be used as herbal therapies against diabetic wounds infected with MRSA, both as a single and combination treatment.