Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health-Promoting Properties of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei: A Focus on Kefir Isolates and Exopolysaccharide-Producing Strains

Among artisanal fermented beverages, kefir (fermented milk drink) and water kefir (fermented nondairy beverage) are of special interest because their grains can be considered natural reservoirs of safe and potentially probiotic strains. In the last years, several reports on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (formerly Lactobacillus paracasei) isolated from both artisanal fermented beverages were published focusing on their health-promoting properties. Although this is not the predominant species in kefir or water kefir, it may contribute to the health benefits associated to the consumption of the fermented beverage. Since the classification of L. paracasei has been a difficult task, the selection of an adequate method for identification, which is essential to avoid mislabeling in products, publications, and some publicly available DNA sequences, is discussed in the present work. The last findings in health promoting properties of L. paracasei and the bioactive compounds are described and compared to strains isolated from kefir, providing a special focus on exopolysaccharides as effector molecules. The knowledge of the state of the art of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei from kefir and water kefir can help to understand the contribution of these microorganisms to the health benefits of artisanal beverages as well as to discover new probiotic strains for applications in food industry.
Multi-Domain Knowledge Distillation via Uncertainty-Matching for End-to-End ASR Models

Knowledge Distillation basically matches predictive distributions of student and teacher networks to improve performance in an environment with model capacity and/or data constraints. However, it is well known that predictive distribution of neural networks not only tends to be overly conﬁdent, but also cannot directly model various factors properly that contribute to uncertainty. Recently, deep learning studies based on uncertainty have been successful in various ﬁelds, especially in several computer vision tasks. The prediction probability can implicitly show the information about how conﬁdent the network is, however, we can explicitly utilize conﬁdence of the output by modeling the uncertainty of the network. In this paper, we propose a novel knowledge distillation method for automatic speech recognition that directly models and transfers the uncertainty inherent in data observation such as speaker variations or confusing pronunciations. Moreover, we investigate an effect of transferring knowledge more effectively using multiple teachers learned from various domains. Evaluated on WSJ which is the standard benchmark dataset with limited instances, the proposed knowledge distillation method achieves signiﬁcant improvements over student baseline models
Complete Goss Secondary Recrystallization by Control of the Grain Size and Texture of Primary Recrystallization in Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel

Matrix microstructure and texture controlling is an important way to optimize Goss ({110}<001>) abnormal grain growth (AGG) in high magnetic induction grain-oriented silicon (Hi-B) steel during primary recrystallization. In the present work, a matrix with homogeneous grain size and favorable texture components was obtained through two-stage normalized annealing followed by primary recrystallization. Furthermore, secondary recrystallization was performed for sharp Goss orientation by slow heating and purified annealing. It was found that plenty of island grains, which occurred and disappeared gradually, accompanied the process of AGG. Through analyzing the evolution of microstructure and texture, we realized that the formation of island grains was related to the large-size grains in matrix, and the elimination of that was attributed to the special grain boundaries which satisfied both coincident site lattice (CSL) and high-energy (HE) models. It was essential to control grain size and favorable orientations in matrix comprehensively for the high-efficient abnormal growing of sharp Goss orientation, through which excellent magnetic properties could be obtained simultaneously.
APPROXIMATION IN WEIGHTED LEBESGUE AND SMIRNOV SPACES WITH VARIABLE EXPONENTS

In this survey paper we present the basic theorems of approximation theory for weighted Lebesgue spaces with variable exponents in the onedimensional periodic setting. These spaces have been studied intensively by many mathematicians (see e.g. the papers [28], [22], [26] and the surveys [7], [21] and [27]). The study of these spaces has been stimulated by various problems of elasticity, fluid mechanics, calculus of variation and differential equations with nonstandard growth conditions. Nowadays both the problem of denseness of nice functions in variable Sobolev spaces and the problem of boundedness of integral operators in Lebesgue spaces are solved (see for example the above mentioned surveys). The approximation problems in the spaces with nonstandard growth conditions are studied not so much. We refer to the pioneering paper of I. I. Sharapudinov [29], see also [30]. Let T := [0, 2π] and ω: T → Rbe a weight function, i. e. , almost everywhere positive and integrable function on T. In the sequel the set of all measurable functions p : T → (1,∞) , for which
First-principles energy and vibration spectrum simulations of Cr/V interacting with H in W-based alloy in a fusion reactor

ABSTRACT We perform first-principles total energy and vibration spectrum calculations to study the effect of Cr/V on the H formation and diffusion at temperature range 300–2100 K in dilute W–Cr/W–V alloy. Temperature and H chemical potential are two important factors to affect the H formation energy and migrating energy. The H formation energy referring to the static/temperature-dependent H chemical potential decreases/increases with the temperature. At each given temperature, the presence of Cr in W reduces the H formation energy, while the existence of V in W has little effect on the H formation energy. The diffusion energy barrier and pre-exponential factor strongly depend on the temperature and increase with the temperature from 300 to 2100 K. Both Cr and V additions in W has a large consequences on H migrating energy. The energy barriers at any given temperature can be reduced by ∼0.05 and 0.10 eV in W–Cr and W–V alloys, respectively. The current study reveals that vibration free energy plays a decisive role in the formation energy and migrating energy of H with the temperature, while the thermal expansion energy has little influence on the H formation energy and migrating energy with the temperature.
Assessment of sediments pollution by trace metals 2 in the Moloundou swamp , southeast Cameroon 3 4

5 The present study aimed to assess the selected trace metal pollutants in the sediments of the 6 Moloundou swamp. Sediments from typical swamp around Moloundou area, southeast Cameroon 7 were collected from various depths of sediment profile (from surface to 120 cm depth). Five sites were 8 chosen for this study, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Zn, Cu, and Pb were measured in the sediment. Different trace 9 metals indices (enrichment factor, contamination factor, degree of contamination, ecological risk 10 assessment and geo-accumulation index) were calculated. The results showed that all the swamp is 11 slowly polluted and core 3 is the most polluted. Heavy metal indices give some indication for the 12 pollution of sediments of all cores with Cu. The enrichment factor showed that the source of those 13 metals in Moloundou swamp was from natural and anthropogenic sources. The degree of 14 contamination and contamination factor showed low values along the cores, like the ecological 15 assessment and pollution load index. The geo-accumulation index showed that sediments are more 16 polluted with Cu, Cr and Co. It is urgent to control anthropogenic waste in order to avoid probable 17 pollution in this zone. 18
Aflatoxins in Maize and Millet's Grains Marketed

Study design: The study was a laboratory based research aimed at Detecting aflatoxigenic moulds and aflatoxins in the grains samples marketed in Zaria Metropolis Place and Duration of Study: The samples were purchased from six different markets in Zaria metropolis between July and August, 2016. Methodology: Representative samples were subjected to proximate analysis and cultural isolation by grounding of each sample of (maize and millet) and separately added to 90ml of sterile distilled water to form a stock suspension. An aliquot of 0.5ml was spread on already prepared sweet potato yeast extract agar plate and the inoculated plates were incubated at room temperature. The suspected aflatoxigenic moulds were sub cultured and incubated at room temperature to obtain a pure culture and subjected to slide culture technique for microscopic identification of the moulds from the entire samples. The isolates were then screened for aflatoxin production using desiccated coconut agar and viewed under UV light (365nm). Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique was used to determine total aflatoxin concentration of the samples. Results: The results revealed that the maize(Zea) and millet samples analyzed contain organic and inorganic nutrients that can support the growth of aflatoxigenic moulds and production of aflatoxin. Sixteen (25) isolates from the 60 samples were contaminated which account for 41.7%. The percentage of A.flavus isolates in maize was 26.7% and that of A. parasiticus was 15%. In maize the occurrence of A.flavus was 23.3% and A.parasiticus13. 3% and the millet had 30% A. flavus and 16.7% A. parasiticus. The isolates demonstrated ability in aflatoxin production by emitting very bright fluorescent colouration under UV light (365nm). Total aflatoxin concentration in maize sample obtained from Samaru Market was found to be 18.10 μg/Kg while millets obtained from Zaria recorded 52. 0μg/Kg. The contamination levels within the grains were found to be statistically significant (p value< 0.05) using analysis of variance (ANOVA) Conclusion:This study therefore revealed that the contamination level in millet samples analyzed is call for concern as it exceeded the standard limit set by NAFDAC and SON.
Metformin a Potential Pharmacological Strategy in Late Onset Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most devastating brain disorders. Currently, there are no effective treatments to stop the disease progression and it is becoming a major public health concern. Several risk factors are involved in the progression of AD, modifying neuronal circuits and brain cognition, and eventually leading to neuronal death. Among them, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have attracted increasing attention, since brain insulin resistance can contribute to neurodegeneration. Consequently, AD has been referred to “type 3 diabetes” and antidiabetic medications such as intranasal insulin, glitazones, metformin or liraglutide are being tested as possible alternatives. Metformin, a first line antihyperglycemic medication, is a 5′-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator hypothesized to act as a geroprotective agent. However, studies on its association with age-related cognitive decline have shown controversial results with positive and negative findings. In spite of this, metformin shows positive benefits such as anti-inflammatory effects, accelerated neurogenesis, strengthened memory, and prolonged life expectancy. Moreover, it has been recently demonstrated that metformin enhances synaptophysin, sirtuin-1, AMPK, and brain-derived neuronal factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity, which are essential markers of plasticity. The present review discusses the numerous studies which have explored (1) the neuropathological hallmarks of AD, (2) association of type 2 diabetes with AD, and (3) the potential therapeutic effects of metformin on AD and preclinical models.
Influence of Entrepreneurship Education on Employment Quality and Employment Willingness

The entrepreneurship education of college students is an educational practice to train comprehensive talents with entrepreneurship qualities, who are willing and confident of employment and could conform to the needs of social development. Focusing on the entrepreneurship education of ordinary college students, this paper probes deep into the status quo of entrepreneurship education among college students, and thoroughly analyzes how this education model influences the employment quality and employment willingness of college students. The results show that: a good entrepreneurship education obviously enhances the employment quality of college students, and apparently boosts their employment willingness; entrepreneurship education guides the cognition of college students through multiple means, and promotes their employment ability. The research lays the basis for active exploration into to employment quality and employment willingness of college students.
Arctic Sea Ice Thickness Estimation Based on CryoSat-2 Radar Altimeter and Sentinel-1 Dual-Polarized SAR

Abstract. We present a method to combine CryoSat-2 (CS-2) radar altimeter and Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to obtain sea ice thickness (SIT) estimates for the Barents and Kara Seas. Our approach yields larger spatial coverage and better accuracy compared to estimates based on either CS-2 or SAR alone. The SIT estimation method developed here is based on interpolation and extrapolation of CS-2 sea ice thickness (SIT) utilizing SAR segmentation and segmentwise SAR texture features. The SIT results are compared to SIT data derived from the AARI ice charts, to ORAS5. PIOMAS and TOPAZ4 ocean-sea ice data assimilation system reanalyses, and to daily MODIS based ice thickness charts. Our results are directly applicable to the future CRISTAL mission and Copenicus programme SAR missions.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Isoforms ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 are Essential for Myogenic Differentiation

Background Satellite cells (SC) constitute the stem cell population of skeletal muscle tissue and are determinants for myogenesis. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) enzymatic activity correlates with myogenic properties of SCs and, recently, we could show co-localization of its isoforms ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 in SCs of human skeletal muscle. ALDH1 is not only the pacemaker enzyme in retinoic acid signaling and differentiation, but also protecting cell maintenance against oxidative stress products. However, the molecular mechanism of ALDH1 in SC activation and regulation of myogenesis has not yet been characterized. In regard of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A1 expression in myogenesis human RH30 and murine C2C12 myoblast cell lines were investigated using Western Blot, Immunofluorescence and Aldefluor Assay. Results Here, we show, that isoforms ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 are pivotal factors in the process of myogenic differentiation, since ALDH1A1 knock-out and ALDH1A3 knock-out, respectively, impaired differentiation potential. Recombinant re-expression of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3, respectively, in corresponding ALDH1-isoform knock-out cells recovered their differentiation potential. Most interestingly, the chemical inhibition of enzymatic activity by disulfiram leads to ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 protein upregulation and subsequent myogenic differentiation. Conclusion Our findings indicate that ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 proteins are important for myogenic differentiation and, therefore, seem to be essential activators and regulators of SCs.
Cleansing your conscience: The effects of guilt on Socially Responsible Investment decisions

School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading January 2021 Short Abstract This paper explores the effects of incidental guilt on Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) decisions of retail investors. Moral emotions and guilt motivate prosocial behaviours. However, not much is known about the relationship between guilt and ethical investment. Do investors who feel guilty invest in ethical investments in order to clear their conscience? If so, are guilty investors willing to sacrifice their profits in order to restore their moral selves? Based on data from an online quasi-experiment among a sample of US retail investors, we find that individuals who experience incidental guilt choose to invest more ethically than those in a neutral state. We find that even after controlling for morality and individual attitudes towards social responsibility, incidental guilt is still a significant predictor for ethical decisionmaking. We show that when presented with a trade-off between social responsibility and favourable risk/return characteristics, guilty individuals tend to make more ethical choices than non-guilty ones. Our research sheds new light on the impact of moral emotions on prosocial behaviour in the context of financial decision-making. We provide new evidence for the substantial effect that guilt can have on sustainable investing.
1 2 ASSESSING CUSTOMER ORIENTATION , 3 COMPETITOR ORIENTATION AND INTER-4 FUNCTIONAL COORDINATION 5

6 The purpose of this study was to examine the possible relationship of transactional 7 leadership style on the three tenets of market orientation, thus, competitor orientation, 8 customer orientation and inter-functional coordination. Questionnaires were used to gather 9 data from 200 owner/managers of manufacturing SME’s in the Accra metropolis of Ghana. 10 The obtained data from the questionnaires were analysed through the Structural Equation 11 Modelling using the Partial Least Squares approach (SEM-PLS). The findings showed that 12 transactional leadership style had an inverse but significant relationship to customer 13 orientation and inter-functional coordination. The implication is that, an owner/manager 14 who expresses positive outcomes to employees for performing their duties in line with 15 instructions and also focuses on employee mistakes and complaints and also emphasizes 16 development of process in setting goals, directing, and striving to manipulate and control the 17 situation inhibits the adoption and practice of a market oriented culture. Also with the type of 18 manufacturing SME’s in Ghana, adopting a transactional leadership style will not encourage 19 market oriented culture. It is therefore recommended that owner/managers adopt other styles 20 of leadership which can translate in the practice of market oriented culture. 21
Evaluation of DAT positive AIHA cases by elution study at a tertiary care centre in South India

The Direct Antiglobulin Test [DAT] is widely used in Immunohematological laboratory test because it is simple, quick and inexpensive test. It is performed when the presence of haemolysis and is the most important diagnostic tests for determining Immune Hemolytic Anemias. With this background this study was conducted, to evaluate the DAT positive cases Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia [AIHA], along with antibody classes, severity and finally to perform elution studies to specify the antibody coated onto the red cells. 34 DAT positive AIHA cases with clinical and laboratory evidence of hemolysis were evaluated in this study. In these cases 25 warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia [WAIHA]. 6 Cold Agglutinin Disease [CAD] and 3 Mixed AIHA. Our study suggests a significant association between the strength of DAT, the IgG class and subclass of Immunoglobulins either alone or in combination with other classes of immunoglobulins and/or complements. The specificity of auto and alloantibodies were identified by adsorption and elution techniques, which revealed exclusively anti-e in 6 cases of WAIHA and 5 cases with alloantibodies. The elution provides unbound RBCs for phenotyping and provide appropriate transfusion support for the needy patients. In our study revealed a strong association between the severity of hemolysis and the strength of DAT, the IgG and subclass (IgG 1 & IgG 3) of IgG Antibodies either alone or in combination with other classes of Antibodies and/or complements. The autoantibody specificity had anti-e in 6 cases of WAIHA and 5 cases had clinically significant alloantibodies. The positive DAT with falling hematocrit, jaundice appear to be clinically helpful in identifying alloantibodies.
CLEP_A_245040 579..587

Holly Michelle Crowe 1 Lauren Anne Wise 1 Amelia Kent Wesselink Kenneth Jay Rothman Ellen Margrethe Mikkelsen Henrik Toft Sørensen 3 Allan Jay Walkey 4 Elizabeth Elliott Hatch 1Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; 2RTI International, Raleigh, NC 27709, USA; 3Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark; 4Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA Purpose: Asthma has been positively associated with irregular menses and infertility in some studies, but data are limited on the relation between asthma medication use and fecundability (i. e., average per-cycle probability of conception among non-contracepting couples). This study examines the extent to which a history of asthma, asthma medication use, and age at first asthma diagnosis are associated with fecundability among female pregnancy planners. Participants and Methods: Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO) is an ongoing, web-based preconception cohort study of couples aged 21–45 years from North America. Between July 2013 and July 2019, a total of 10,436 participants enrolled in PRESTO, and 8286 were included in the present analysis. At study enrollment, women reported whether they had ever been diagnosed with asthma and, if so, the year they were first diagnosed. Women who reported ever being diagnosed with asthma were asked about medication use, including medication type and frequency of use. Participants completed follow-up questionnaires every 8 weeks for up to 12months or until pregnancy. Proportional probabilities regressionmodels were used to estimate fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders. Fecundability ratios below 1.00 indicate reduced probability of conception. Results: There was little association between a history of asthma diagnosis or asthma medication use and fecundability. Compared with no history of asthma, the FR for ever-diagnosis of asthma with medication use was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.91–1.15) and for ever-diagnosis of asthma without medication use was 1.00 (95% CI: 0.91–1.09). Highest intensity asthma medication use (daily plus extra dosing for symptoms), combination inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting betaagonist inhaler use, and a first diagnosis of asthma after age 17 years were associated with small reductions in fecundability. Conclusion: The present study provides little evidence that asthma or asthma medication use is adversely associated with fecundability.