Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined Temperature and Radiation Effects on the Gain of Er- and Er–Yb-Doped Fiber Amplifiers

We investigated the coupled radiation and temperature effect on the gain degradation of erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and erbium–ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier (EYDFA). The irradiation temperatures range from −40 °C to 120 °C. Steady-state $X$ -ray (40 keV, 300 krad (SiO2), ~27 rad/s) experiments provide evidence for a minor coupled radiation and temperature effect on the gains of both reference and radiation-tolerant EDFA and EYDFA. This is an important result as it validates the reliance on room-temperature testing in establishing the suitability of fiber amplifiers for space applications. Furthermore, we also investigated the radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) kinetics during and after the various rare-earth-doped fiber irradiations to improve our knowledge of the basic radiation-effects mechanisms and their dependence on the temperature during irradiation. It appears that these effects also depend on the presence of cerium, a codopant that is incorporated to passivate the Al- or P-related defects and then to enhance the amplifier radiation tolerance.
Reading Literacy Practices in Norwegian Lower-Secondary Classrooms: Examining the Patterns of Teacher Questions

ABSTRACT We know from previous research that teacher questions can influence reading comprehension development; however, we know less about the reading processes that are required of students through the use of questions. The present study examines teacher questions on texts reviewed during whole class reading comprehension instruction across 51 lessons in 26 Norwegian eight-grade language arts classrooms. Through video observations, the study (a) identifies text-dependent vs. otherwise text-related teacher questions, (b) deductively examines frequency patterns of text-dependent questions based on three reading literacy processes: locating information, understanding, and reflecting/evaluating, and (c) examines the relative time allocated to various question-response literacy interactions arising from text-dependent teacher questions. Findings showed that teachers mostly asked questions that required students to interpret or reflect, while they hardly asked any questions that required students to assess the quality and credibility of texts. Implications for the development of reading literacy proficiency required in today’s society are discussed.
Impact of Weather Conditions on Airport Arrival Delay and Throughput

Weather events have a significant impact on airport arrival performance and may cause delays in operations and/or constraints in airport capacity. In Europe, almost half of all regulated airport traffic delay is due to adverse weather conditions. Moreover, the closer airports operate to their maximum capacity, the more severe is the impact of a capacity loss due to external events such as weather. Various weather uncertainties occurring during airport operations can significantly delay some arrival processes and cause network-wide effects on the overall Air Traffic Management (ATM) system. Quantifying the impact of weather is, therefore, a key feature to improve the decision-making process that enhances airport performance. It would allow airport operators to identify the relevant weather information needed, and help them decide on the appropriate actions to mitigate the consequences of adverse weather events. We present a methodology to evaluate the impact of adverse weather events on airport arrival performance (delay and throughput) and to define operational thresholds for significant weather conditions. Our results are computed from a dataset of over 750,000 flights on a major European hub and from local weather data during the period 2015-2018. We combine delay and capacity metrics at different airport operational stages for the arrival process (final approach, taxi-in and in-block). We introduce a new approach for modelling causal relationships between airport arrival performance indicators and meteorological events, which can be used to quantify the impact of weather in airport arrival conditions, predict the evolution of airport operational scenarios and support airport decision-making processes.
A comprehensive physical interaction map between the Turnip mosaic potyvirus and Arabidopsis thaliana proteomes

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that have co-evolved with their hosts to establish an intricate network of protein-protein interactions. Yet, the systems-level mode of action of plant viruses remains poorly understood. Here, we followed a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening to identify 378 novel virus-host protein-protein interactions between Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), a representative plant RNA virus, and Arabidopsis thaliana, one of its natural hosts. We found the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase NIb as the virus protein with the largest number of contacts. We verified a subset of 25 selected interactions in planta by bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. We then constructed a comprehensive network comprising 399 TuMV-A. thaliana interactions to perform, together with intravirus and intrahost connections, detailed computational analyses. In particular, we found that the host proteins targeted by the virus participate in a higher number of infection-related functions, are more connected and have an increased capacity to spread information throughout the cell proteome, display higher expression levels, and have been subject to stronger purifying selection than expected by chance. Overall, our results provide a comprehensive mechanistic description of a plant virus-host interplay, with potential impact on disease etiology, and reveal that plant and animal viruses share fundamental features in their mode of action.
Real time epidemic modeling using Richards model: application for the Covid-19 outbreak in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

The coronavirus pandemic has spread to all provinces in Indonesia within a few months. Coronavirus has entered East Kalimantan province in early March 2020. The number of people confirmed as COVID-19 increased dramatically after March. In this paper, we propose a simple mathematical model to predict coronavirus cases in East Kalimantan province. We applied the Richards growth model to the active case and probable case (PDP case) curves. We used the initial parameter values obtained from China’s Jiangsu province. This means that the strategy for handling coronavirus in East Kalimantan province is assumed to be the same as in China’s Jiangsu province. We have presented the final prediction for the coronavirus pandemic over a range of periods.
Conversion and sustainable use of abandoned military sites in the Zagreb Urban Agglomeration

The paper provides an overview of the state of abandoned military sites in the territory of the Zagreb Urban Agglomeration based on mapping, which was preceded by an examination of official digital ortho-photo maps, data from the Real Estate Cadastre and spatial plans, as well as consultations with physical planning institutes. Furthermore, previous brownfield conversion practices and optimum future use of military brownfield sites have been analysed, depending on their specific position in the urban agglomeration. The analysis is based on research that included semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in brownfield regeneration in the Zagreb Urban Agglomeration.
The isolated effect of low oxygen and high carbon dioxide on yerba mate quality keeping

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of controlled atmosphere storage on quality of native and cultivated yerba mate produced in Arvorezinha (RS) and São Mateus do Sul (PR) after 0, 3, 6 and 12 months of storage under ambient conditions, low oxygen (1.0 kPa) and high carbon dioxide (3.0 kPa) partial pressures. Total chlorophyll concentration reduced over the storage period regardless of the atmosphere condition, form of cultivation and production region. Total carotenoids, regardless of the form and place of cultivation, decreased until three months of storage under 1.0 kPa O2. Although, the O2 reduction to 1.0 kPa maintains greener color and higher chlorophyll concentration after 12 months of storage. High carbon dioxide partial pressures (3.0 kPa) in the storage chamber increases the polyphenol concentration until six months of storage. The raw material originated from São Mateus do Sul (PR) has higher chlorophyll concentration and greener color, resulting in greater storage potential.
Correlational network visual analysis of adolescents’ film entertainment responses

This study aims to shed light on adolescents’ characterizations of their preferred film entertainment. It seeks to describe the psychological responses of youngsters from two European countries (Italy and Spain) to dramas from the European region about current social/human issues. The study also seeks to determine if the adolescents’ responses differ according to the film and the cultural context (country) to which they belong. For doing so, the research applies an innovative visual research technique in Media Communication: a correlational network analysis. A total of 234 Italian and Spanish adolescents watched three European dramas. Later, they completed four questionnaires measuring hedonic (enjoyment), eudaimonic (appreciation) responses and predictors of them (narrative engagement and perceived realism). The results present the visual intercorrelations of the studied variables, which give deeper insights into youngsters’ gratifications in film consumption. These results suggest that films appear to be more influential than country in adolescents’ responses. They also show there are specific models of responses for each film in each situation. The application of the visual quantitative tool broadens our knowledge on adolescents’ entertainment through dramatic film and on the role of the cultural context and the audiovisual stimulus in the entertainment responses. It also challenges empirical studies using a single stimulus.
(Dis)ordered social sequences of mobile young adults: spatial, social and return mobilities

ABSTRACT International mobility has become a significant part of the life experiences of a growing number of Polish youths since the enlargement of the EU in 2004, influencing young people’s transitions from education to work or transitions across different labour markets. The key aim of this paper is to explore socio-occupational sequences of young people considering spatial and temporal dynamism of the process of mobility. Focusing on the intersection between youth and migration studies, we aim to answer the following research questions: (1) What are the socio-occupational sequences of young people ‘on the move’? (2) How mobility capacities and imperatives determine the flow of sequences and (3) How mobility patterns collocate with sequences’ shapes? Based on Social Sequence Analysis, we have distinguished four types of ‘mobile sequences’ of young adults: (1) the ‘upward sequence’ when spatial mobility accelerates social mobility; (2) the ‘yo-yo sequence’, where transnational mobility causes ‘return social mobility’; (3) the ‘zigzag sequence’, involving up-and-down patterns in social mobility; (4) the ‘flat sequence’, where spatial mobility has no impact on the objective dimension of socio-occupational sequences, but mobility strongly influences human capital.
The Determinants of Halal Labeling and Brand Image Towards Purchase Intention and Purchasing Decision

This study aims to analyze the influence of halal labeling and brand image on purchase intention and purchasing decisions. This study’s object was Wardah’s cosmetics. Meanwhile, this study’s subject was Wardah cosmetics consumers in Yogyakarta. In this study, a sample of 155 respondents was selected using purposive sampling. The analytical tool utilized in this study was the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Based on the analysis results that have been carried out, halal labeling did not significantly influence purchase intention. However, brand image was significant toward purchase intention, halal labeling significantly affected purchasing decisions, and brand image had a significant impact on purchasing decisions.
Clinical Assessment of Dental Implants Placed in Low-Quality Bone Sites Prepared for the Healing Chamber with Osseodensification Concept: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

The present study aimed to compare the stability of dental implants placed in low-quality bone prepared for the healing chamber with osseodensification technique and a standard undersized drilling. Sixteen subjects presenting D3 or D4 bone density according to Misch’s classification were randomly distributed to receive dental implants following either osseodensification (G1: n = 29) or standard undersized drilling (G2: n = 26) preparation techniques. Implant insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured immediately after implant placement. Implant survival and secondary stability (ISQ) were evaluated after six months. The G1 group showed higher IT (39.0 ± 6.4 Ncm) than G2 (32.0 ± 3.4 Ncm) (p < 0.001). ISQ values were similar (p > 0.05) at the implant insertion (67.1 ± 3.2 and 65.5 ± 2.7 for G1 and G2, respectively). After six months healing, implant survival was equally comparable in both groups (p > 0.05), and ISQ values were higher than those of implant insertion (p < 0.001) but similar (p > 0.05) for both groups (74.0 ± 3.6 and 73.3 ± 3.2 for G1 and G2, respectively). Within the limitations of this study, the present RCT demonstrated that a wider surgical bed prepared by osseodensification instrumentation allowed for the bone healing-chamber concept in low-quality bone without any reduction in implant stability and success rate.
Present and future aerosol impacts on Arctic climate change in the GISS-E2.1 Earth system model

Abstract. The Arctic is warming two to three times faster than the global average, partly due to changes in short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) including aerosols. In order to study the effects of atmospheric aerosols in this warming, recent past (1990–2014) and future (2015–2050) simulations have been carried out using the GISS-E2.1 Earth system model to study the aerosol burdens and their radiative and climate impacts over the Arctic (>60° N), using anthropogenic emissions from the Eclipse V6b and the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) databases. Surface aerosol levels, in particular black carbon (BC) and sulfate (SO42−), have been significantly underestimated by more than 50 %, with the smallest biases calculated for the nudged atmosphere-only simulations. CMIP6 simulations performed slightly better in simulating both surface concentrations of aerosols and climate parameters, compared to the Eclipse simulations. In addition, fully-coupled simulations had slightly smaller biases in aerosol levels compared to atmosphere only simulations without nudging. Arctic BC, organic carbon (OC) and SO42− burdens decrease significantly in all simulations following the emission projections, with the CMIP6 ensemble showing larger reductions in Arctic aerosol burdens compared to the Eclipse ensemble. For the 2030–2050 period, both the Eclipse Current Legislation (CLE) and the Maximum Feasible Reduction (MFR) ensembles simulated an aerosol top of the atmosphere (TOA) forcing of −0.39±0.01 W m−2, of which −0.24±0.01 W m−2 were attributed to the anthropogenic aerosols. The CMIP6 SSP3-7.0 scenario simulated a TOA aerosol forcing of −0.35 W m−2 for the same period, while SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5 scenarios simulated a slightly more negative TOA forcing (−0.40 W m−2), of which the anthropogenic aerosols accounted for −0.26 W m−2. Finally, all simulations showed an increase in the Arctic surface air temperatures both throughout the simulation period. In 2050, surface air temperatures are projected to increase by 2.4 °C to 2.6 °C in the Eclipse ensemble and 1.9 °C to 2.6 °C in the CMIP6 ensemble, compared to the 1990–2010 mean. Overall, results show that even the scenarios with largest emission reductions lead to similar impact on the future Arctic surface air temperatures compared to scenarios with smaller emission reductions, while scenarios no or little mitigation leads to much larger sea-ice loss, implying that even though the magnitude of aerosol reductions lead to similar responses in surface air temperatures, high mitigation of aerosols are still necessary to limit sea-ice loss.
Optimization of RFM Problem Using Linearly Programed ℓ₁-Regularization

Due to the existence of a large number of highly correlated parameters in the rational function model (RFM), known as rational polynomial coefficients (RPCs), RFM suffers from both ill-posedness and overparameterization problems. To tackle these problems, recently, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-regularized least-squares, in which <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm of residuals and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm of RPCs are minimized, has been introduced. Nonetheless, RFM still suffers from these two phenomena, especially in the presence of a limited number of ground control points (GCPs). This study proposes a new parameter-free linear framework for RFM optimization. In this framework, called linearly programed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-regularized RFM framework (LPRFM), the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norms of RPCs and residuals are simultaneously minimized through a linear objective function. To solve LPRFM as a linear optimization problem, the commonly used dual-simplex method is applied. LPRFM can be implemented for both RPC estimation and correction. Our experimental results indicated the superiority of the LPRFM against well-known competing methods in both estimation and correction of RPCs. The results showed that, in the estimation of RPCs, the proposed framework has led to accurate and robust results with only five GCPs. Moreover, accurate coordinates were obtained after correcting vendor-provided RPCs with only one GCP.
Bowley reinsurance with asymmetric information on the insurer's risk preferences

ABSTRACT The Bowley solution refers to the optimal pricing density for the reinsurer and optimal ceded loss for the insurer when there is a monopolistic reinsurer. In a sequential game, the reinsurer first sets the pricing kernel, and thereafter the insurer selects the reinsurance contract given the pricing kernel. In this article, we study Bowley solutions under asymmetric information on the insurer's risk preferences where the identity of the insurer is unknown to the reinsurer. By assuming that the insurer adopts a Value-at-Risk measure or a convex distortion risk measure, the optimal pricing kernel for the insurer and the optimal ceded loss function for the reinsurer are determined. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the results.
Synergistic interactions of Cu and N on surface altered amorphous TiO2 nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene

Amorphous TiO2 (AT) nanoparticles were prepared by a simple sol–gel method and subsequent incorporation with copper (5–20 wt%) via an electrochemical method in the presence of a supporting electrolyte, tetraethylammonium perchlorate (TEAP), was used to synthesize CuO/TiO2 (CAT) catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were studied by XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, TEM, FTIR, XPS, ESR and UV-Vis DRS. Photocatalytic testing on the oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) under UV and visible light irradiation demonstrated that the CAT catalysts were active under both conditions. It was found that Ti3+ surface defects (TSD), oxygen vacancies (Vo), CuO, Ti–O–N/O–Ti–N and Ti–O–Cu bonds played an important role in photooxidation. The TSD, Vo, CuO, N 1s and Cu 2p states in the CAT catalysts acted as electron trappers to hinder electron–hole recombination. In addition, these TSD, Vo, N 1s and Cu 2p species also contributed to the lowering of the CAT band gap, which enabled photooxidation to be carried out in the visible light region. The photooxidation followed a pseudo-first order Langmuir–Hinshelwood model with adsorption being the controlling step.
Exploring undergraduate engineering students’ mathematical problem-posing: the case of integral-area relationships in integral calculus

ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested that problem-posing activities could be used to improve the teaching, learning, and assessment of mathematics. The purpose of this study is to explore undergraduate engineering students’ problem posing in relation to the integral-area relationship. The goal is to help fill a gap in tertiary level research about students’ mathematical problem posing, particularly of engineering students. The mathematical problem posing of 135 undergraduate engineering students was explored using four problem-posing tasks and semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate that many of the problems the students posed were solvable and in a pure mathematics context, while those problems students attempted to set in a real-world setting did not provide a realistic situation. In addition, students faced a number of difficulties when posing problems related to the integral-area relationship and mathematics in general, and several students had a limited understanding of the applications and uses of the integral-area relationship in the real-world. This study suggests that using problem-posing activities in teaching and assessment can help identify engineering students’ mathematical understanding and misunderstanding. Furthermore, using problem-posing tasks can help developing engineering students’ understanding of the applications of integral calculus. More broadly, the findings suggest that problem-posing tasks could be used more often, alongside problem-solving tasks, as part of the teaching and assessment of mathematics at the university level.
Charge Transfer-Induced State Filling in CdSe Quantum Dot–Alizarin Complexes

Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy is applied to study the photoinduced processes of inorganic–organic CdSe quantum dot–alizarin hybrid complexes. The formation of a pronounced transient bleaching of the quantum dot excitonic transitions after selective photoexcitation of the surface-bound alizarin indicates an electron transfer from the alizarin excited state to the quantum dot 1S(e) state. An electron transfer time of 19 ps is determined, which is independent of the alizarin concentration. A derivative-like spectral signature immediately after photoexcitation of the alizarin is explained by an excitation-induced level shifting of the QD electronic transitions. Our study demonstrates that the bleaching of the quantum dot excitonic transitions can be used to evaluate the charge transfer dynamics in the investigated hybrid complexes.