Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CARDIFF METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY Prifysgol Fetropolitan Caerdydd CARDIFF SCHOOL OF SPORT DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) SPORT AND EXERCISE SCIENCE 2013-14 Dissertation submitted under the discipline of Sport Psychology A qualitative multi-method investigation into the effects of anxiety on f

To include: collation of information and ideas and evaluation of those ideas relative to the extant literature/concept/theory and research question/problem; adoption of a personal position on the study by linking and combining different elements of the data reported; discussion of the real-life impact of your research findings for coaches and/or practitioners (i.e. practical implications); discussion of the limitations and a critical reflection of the approach/process adopted; and indication of potential improvements and future developments building on the study; and a conclusion which summarises the relationship between the research question and the major findings.
The formation of large mudwaves by turbidity currents on the levees of the Toyama deep‐sea channel, Japan Sea

The development of mudwaves on the levees of the modern Toyama deep‐sea channel has been studied using gravity core samples combined with 3·5‐kHz echosounder data and airgun seismic reflection profiles. The mudwaves have developed on the overbank flanks of a clockwise bend of the channel in the Yamato Basin, Japan Sea, and the mudwave field covers an area of 4000 km2. Mudwave lengths range from 0·2 to 3·6 km and heights vary from 2 to 44 m, and the pattern of mudwave aggradation indicates an upslope migration direction. Sediment cores show that the mudwaves consist of an alternation of fine‐grained turbidites and hemipelagites whereas contourites are absent. Core samples demonstrate that the sedimentation rate ranged from 10 to 14 cm ka−1 on the lee sides to 17–40 cm ka−1 on the stoss sides. A layer‐by‐layer correlation of the deposits across the mudwaves shows that the individual turbidite beds are up to 20 times thicker on the stoss side than on the lee side, whereas hemipelagite thicknesses are uniform. This differential accretion of turbidites is thought to have resulted in the pattern of upcurrent climbing mudwave crests, which supports the notion that the mudwaves have been formed by spillover turbidity currents. The mudwaves are interpreted to have been instigated by pre‐existing large sand dunes that are up to 30 m thick and were created by high‐velocity (10°ms−1), thick (c. 500 m) turbidity currents spilling over the channel banks at the time of the maximum uplift of the Northern Japan Alps during the latest Pliocene to Early Pleistocene. Draping of the dunes by the subsequent, lower‐velocity (10−1ms−1), mud‐laden turbidity currents is thought to have resulted in the formation of the accretionary mudwaves and the pattern of upflow climbing. The dune stoss slopes are argued to have acted as obstacles to the flow, causing localized loss of flow strength and leading to differential draping by the muddy turbidites, with greater accretion occurring on the stoss side than on the lee slope. The two overbank flanks of the clockwise channel bend show some interesting differences in mudwave development. The mudwaves have a mean height of 9·8 m on the outer‐bank levee and 6·2 m on the inner bank. The turbidites accreted on the stoss sides of the mudwaves are 4–6 times thicker on the outer‐bank levee than their counterparts on the inner‐bank levee. These differences are attributed to the greater flow volume (thickness) and sediment flux of the outer‐bank spillover flow due to the more intense stripping of the turbidity currents at the outer bank of the channel bend. Differential development of mudwave fields may therefore be a useful indicator in the reconstruction of deep‐sea channels and their flow hydraulics.
Study of Mytilaria laosensis Plantation Biomass

The results showed that 15-year-old Mytilaria laosensis plantation stand biomass was 195.972 t.hm~(-2),of which the arbor layer biomass was 194.772 t.hm~(-2),standing average net yield was 15.610 t·hm~(-2)a~(-1),of which the arbor layer average net yield was 15.185 t·hm~(-2)·a~(-1),the biomass of tree bole (including bark),branch,leaf,and root system in the arbor layer were 99.6, 64, 24.829,5.074,and 65.165 t·hm~(-2). The arbor layer leaf area index was 5.274, the leaf net assimilation rate was 329.2 g·m~(-2)a~(-1). The extremely lowest temperature of about -8℃ had the negative influence on the biomass increase.
The Stokes Magnetic Anomaly

Summary The Stokes Anomaly is traced for over 3000 km, from 700 km S of New Caldedonia almost to the eastern edge of the Campbell Plateau. For most of its length the anomaly is a double feature with positive peaks from 30 km to 50 km apart. From outcrops on the western side of the Southland Syncline it is inferred that the northeastern peak is caused by Permian volcanics, and the south-western peak by the associated Permian intrusives. The anomaly is displaced dextrally by a total of 1000 km where it crosses the New Zealand land mass. About 500 km of the displacement is caused by displacement on the Alpine Fault Zone, and the remainder by distributed dextral shear and by displacement on other sub-parallel faults.
Shallow water benthic foraminifera as proxy for natural versus human-induced environmental change

Ecosystem composition and functioning is not only subjected to human-induced alterations, ecosystems also subjected to natural (e.g. climate-induced) variability. To quantify human impacts on ecosystems, these natural fluctuations must be accounted for. Since long-term biological monitoring programs are rare and usually do not include the pre-human state, we must rely on traces of past ecosystems found in the geologic record. Foraminifera (Protista) are close relatives of the amoeba, that live predominantly in the sea and have a unique feature that makes them popular proxies: many build a shell (a so-called test) of calciumcarbonate during their life. Since they are abundant in most marine environments and their tests are often preserved in sediments, they are widely used in paleoceanography and paleoclimatology. Besides two practical issues that are dealth with in this thesis, most chapters are concerned with developing proxies to reconstruct human influences on near-shore ecosystems by collecting living foraminifera from the North Sea and Dutch Wadden Sea. In the southern North Sea and Wadden Sea foraminiferal distributions did not appear to be limited by total food abundance or in-sediment oxygen concentrations. Additionally, foraminiferal community composition did not seem to be influenced by macrofaunal community composition (dominated by either filter feeders or burrowing species). We hypothesize that distribution of benthic foraminifera in the North Sea is mainly controlled by the type of food available (labile or refractory) and by the level of environmental variability. Different combinations of these two variables are found across habitats beneath tidal mixing fronts and therefore, benthic foraminifera in temperate, shallow seas are particularly suited to reconstruct hydrodynamic regimes. These conclusions were used to reconstruct the history of the western Wadden Sea. In this analysis, the interplay between anthropogenic and natural influences shows that the effects of human alterations had sudden and dramatic consequences for the functioning of this ecosystem.
Chapter 26: Cold Region Hydrologic Models and Applications

Over the recent decades, the warming in Arctic has affected changes in the terrestrial hydrologic processes. Unfortunately, the number of hydro-meteorological observing stations in the region has decreased. To reduce the limitation in observation, a number of process-based and distributed models have been developed for simulating the hydrological processes in a changing climate. The current generations of models are able to reasonably reproduce the prominent cold region hydrologic processes, such as degrading permafrost, decreasing snow extent, increasing river discharge and evapotranspiration, and increasing streamflow temperature. These models enhance our understanding of the response of Arctic terrestrial processes to climate change and variation. However, the model representations for some of the Arctic hydrological processes are still not yet sufficient and need further improvements. This chapter provides an overview of changes in key processes and conditions of the Arctic terrestrial hydrology based on a synthesis of observations and model simulations, and presents recommendations for further development and improvement of cold region hydrologic models.
40Ar/39Ar ages (600-570 Ma) of the Serra do Azeite transtensional shear zone: evidence for syncontractional extension in the Cajati area, southern Ribeira belt

This paper presents 40Ar/39Ar ages of the rocks from the Serra do Azeite transtensional shear zone in the southern part of the Ribeira belt, between the States of Sao Paulo and Parana, and also discusses the regional correlations and the tectonic implications for other parts of the belt. The geochronological data suggest that transtensional deformation was active between 600 and 580 Ma (hornblende and muscovite apparent ages, respectively). This time span is considerably older than previous proposals for the period of activity of these structures (520-480 Ma) in the northern segment of this belt and in the Aracuai belt. Kinematic analysis of the dated mylonites shows extensional structures with top-down movement to ESE compatible with structures found in other tectonic segments in the eastern portion of the Quadrilatero Ferrifero and in the Rio Doce Valley region. Our ages are situated in the same time interval defined for the alkaline magmatism of the Serra do Mar suite. We suggest that the regional tectonic framework was developed during continental-scale extension. This process has been coeval with convergent strain in the adjacent Neoproterozoic shear zones of the Apiai/Ribeira and Aracuai belts, which make up significant segments of these belts. The available data show that these structures may not be simply related to post-orogenic gravitational collapse, but must involve a more complex process probably related to dynamic balance between crustal thickening and thinning during tectonic convergence, basin formation and exhumation processes.
Preliminary results from the Sprites94 Aircraft Campaign: 2. Blue jets

Initial observations of a newly documented type of optical emission above thunderstorms are reported. "Blue jets," or narrowly collimated beams of blue light that appear to propagate upwards from the tops of thunderstorms, were recorded on B/W and color video cameras for the first time during the Sprites94 aircraft campaign, June-July, 1994. The jets appear to propagate upward at speeds of about 100 km/s and reach terminal altitudes of 40-50 km. Fifty six examples were recorded during a 22 minute interval during a storm over Arkansas. We examine some possible mechanisms, but have no satisfactory theory of this phenomenon.
MICROARTRÓPODES DO SOLO EM UM AGROECOSSISTEMA IRRIG ADO COM ÁGUA DA EXPLORAÇÃO DE PETRÓLEO NO SEMIÁRIDO FORTALEZA

In arid and semiarid lands with continental oil fields, the water obtained with oil, known as "produced water" (PW), has been suggested as an alternative source for irrigation. Because the relevance of microarthropods assemblage for the soil, in this study was evaluated the disturbances promoted by the PW on those edaphic organisms. In Chapter I, was assessed whether the irrigation with PW filtered and PW filtered and then treated by reverse osmosis, comparing with groundwater from Açu aquifer, changes the mesofauna in sunflower and castor bean crops during dry and rainy seasons. PW and seasonality changed the abundance and richness in castor bean. In the sunflower crop, the assemblage structure was different from the aquifer in PW treated by reverse osmosis during the rainy season, while in castor bean that difference occurred in both seasons. Disturbances promoted by PW on mesofauna can be used for environmental monitoring of irrigation. In Chapter II the effects of PW filtered, PW filtered and then treated by reverse osmosis and the glutaraldehyde, commonly used in treatment of PW by reverse osmosis, on microarthropods taxa was assessed in an ornamental pineapple crop. Ecotoxicological tests evaluated the survival and reproduction of Folsomia candida and Enchytraeus crypticus on soil samples collected in the treatments after a year of irrigation and in soil contaminated with glutaraldehyde. PW influenced Hymenoptera, Cosmochthonius sp. and Entomobryomorpha. The PW treated by reverse osmosis reduced reproduction of F. candida and E. crypticus and the PW filtered affected the reproduction of E. crypticus. Glutaraldehyde reduced the reproduction of F. candida. Our study reveals that AP and glutaraldehyde affect the mesofauna taxa reducing their reproduction. In chapter III the environmental responses of total microarthropod and Mesostigmata mites were compared. Microarthropods were assessed in irrigated plots under castor bean and sunflower cultivation, and native vegetation during the dry and rainy seasons. The response of the two assemblages to irrigation and seasonality was similar. Mites were affected by seasonality in the sunflower and by irrigation in castor bean crops, while the total microarthropod have been affected by both factors. Mesostigmata mites or total microarthropd assemblages can be assessed to monitor seasonality and land use.
An evaluation of the thermal properties and albedo of a macrotidal flat

estimated heat capacity of the upper 0.1 m is 3.65 � 10 6 Jm � 3 K � 1 with a water content of 70%. Heat capacity decreases with depth to 2.96 � 10 6 Jm � 3 K � 1 at 0.4 m depth. Estimated thermal diffusivities are 0.47–0.63 � 10 � 6 m 2 s � 1 and 0.38–0.64 � 10 � 6 m 2 s � 1 in spring and summer, respectively. The calculated albedo is a strong function of the solar altitude and the atmospheric transmittance. Atmospheric transmittance is especially important to the albedo when the solar altitude is low. Seasonal mean albedos are 0.13 and 0.15 in spring and summer, respectively. The heat capacity and albedo values obtained above were verified by using them to make independent heat flux estimates at other stations. Estimates based on heat capacity were correlated to albedo-based heat flux estimates with an r 2 greater than 0.7.
Reproduction and sexual dimorphism in two populations of Sceloporus minor of the Guadalcázar Region, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

We studied the reproduction and sexual dimorphism of Sceloporus minor in two populations, El Oro and Las Lagunas, in the municipality of Guadalcazar, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Males were larger and had larger heads and tibias than females. Males and females from El Oro were larger than those from Las Lagunas. Reproductive activity of males and females was asynchronous in both populations. Testes of the males from El Oro and Las Lagunas increased in size from July to September, reaching maximum size in October and regressing in November. Vitellogenesis occurred in September in both populations, with ovulation occurring in November-December. Embryonic development was observed from December to March in both populations. Parturition in the El Oro population occurred from late March to early July, whereas in Las Lagunas it occurred from mid-March to late May. Litter size for both populations was similar (El Oro: 6.6, Las Lagunas: 6.2). Litter size was positively related to female SVL in the El Oro population but not in the Las Lagunas population. These two populations show some similarities, but also show differences, possibly due to elevation.
Near Real-Time Monitoring of Muddy Intertidal Zones Based on Spatiotemporal Fusion of Optical Satellites Data

The investigation of the evolution of intertidal zones is a significant and extensively discussed subject in estuary and coastal research, both nationally and internationally. Recent advances in real-time global satellite products, such as GOCI, provide a potential approach for monitoring intertidal zones by utilizing waterline inversion based on spatial distribution processes. While these products offer the potential for monitoring intertidal zones through waterline inversion based on spatial distribution processes, they often suffer from coarse spatial resolution that smooths critical spatial heterogeneity. To overcome this limitation, a flexible spatiotemporal fusion model was employed to generate hourly time-series images with a spatial resolution of 10 m. This was achieved by combining Sentinel-2 satellite data (10 m spatial resolution; five-day revisit frequency) and GOCI-II data (500 m spatial resolution; 1-h revisit frequency). The resulting fusion images were used to construct an intertidal pseudodigital elevation model (DEM) by extracting waterlines and incorporating tidal-level information. The accuracy of the DEM was validated using surveyed real-time kinematic and drone data, with a root-mean-square error of 0.28 m. The analysis of the annual accretion and erosion evolution in the intertidal zone for the year 2023 revealed significant erosion in the central part of the zone, with a maximum erosion depth of 1 m at the bottom. This study contributes to the understanding of the response processes and mechanisms of the intertidal zone to natural and human disturbances, thus supporting coastal planning projects related to the intertidal zone.
The XMM-Newton view of PG quasars - I. X-ray continuum and absorption

We present results of a systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton spectra of 40 quasars (QSOs) (z ≤ 1.72) from the Palomar-Green (PG) Bright Quasar Survey sample (MB < −23). The sample includes 35 radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) and 5 radio-loud quasars (RLQs). The analysis of the spectra above 2 keV reveals that the hard X-ray continuum emission can be modeled with a power law component with � Γ2−12 keV� = 1.89 ± 0.11 and � Γ2−12 keV� = 1.63 +0.02 −0.01 for the RQQs and RLQs, respectively. Below 2 keV, a strong, broad excess is present in most QSO spectra. This feature has been fitted with four different models assuming several physical scenarios. All tested models (blackbody, multicolor blackbody, bremsstrahlung and power law) satisfactorily fitted the majority of the spectra. However, none of them is able to provide an adequate parameterization for the soft excess emission in all QSOs, indicating the absence of a universal shape for this spectral feature. An additional cold absorption component was required only in three sources. On the other hand, as recently pointed out by Porquet et al. (2004) for a smaller sample of PG QSOs, warm absorber features are present in 50% of the QSO spectra in contrast with their rare occurrence (∼5−10%) in previous studies. The XMM-Newton view of optically selected bright QSOs therefore suggests that there are no significant differences in the X-ray spectral properties compared with those of the low-luminosity Seyfert 1 galaxies. Properties of the Fe Kα emission lines are presented in a companion paper.
Experimental melting of cordierite gneiss and the petrogenesis of syntranscurrent peraluminous granites in southern Brazil

To understand the petrogenesis of peraluminous granites syntectonic INTRODUCTION to the Dorsal de Cangucu Transcurrent Shear Zone in the Sul-rioThe last two decades have seen an increasing interest in grandense Shield, Brazil, melting experiments were performed on processes of melt production from mantle or crustal one of the potential protoliths, a cordierite-bearing semi-pelitic sources, extraction, transport, accumulation and storage metasedimentary gneiss (PE-1). Experiments were conducted at in the crust (Clemens & Vielzeuf, 1987; Brown et al., pressures of 5, 10 and 15 kbar, at temperatures of 700–900°C, 1995b). As well as the interest in magmatic processes, and under fluid-absent and 5% H2O-present conditions. The the role played by structures, such as shear zones, in experiments show that fluid-absent melting begins at near-solidus collecting and transporting melts from their original conditions, around 700°C, promoted by participation of retrogressive sources to midand upper-crustal environments, has phengitic muscovite in the reaction Mus + Kf ± Qz = melt ± been an important field of study (Clemens & Mawer, Fe–Ti oxide ± Als, producing a very small amount of melt ( 800°C) produced S-type granitic melts promoted by participation rains are important issues in the study of migmatites of biotite or cordierite in the reactions Bio + Pl + Crd + Qz = (Brown et al., 1995a; Thompson & Connolly, 1995), as Px + Fe–Ti oxide + melt at 5 kbar, and Bio + Pl + Crd is the possibility of segregation of this melt to produce ± Qz = Grt + Als ± Kf + melt at 10 and 15 kbar, both plutonic bodies (Van der Molen & Paterson, 1979; Brown, producing a high amount of melt (10–63% by volume). The melt 1994; Vigneresse et al., 1996). compositions obtained at 900°C and 15 kbar under fluid-absent The experimental petrological study of reactions to conditions, promoted by biotite or cordierite breakdown, are similar elucidate the processes that generate melts has conto the syntectonic granites. However, it is unlikely that the granites tributed to the understanding of the petrogenesis of were formed at this pressure (corresponding to a depth of melting of granitoids, and volcanic and metamorphic rocks, and >54 km). has allowed the testing of different geological models, and the delineation of physical and chemical constraints. Tuttle & Bowen (1958) were among the first to perform experiments to understand the evolution of natural
Developments In Business Simulation & Experiential Exercises, Volume 23, 1996 BUSINESS SIMULATION GAMES: CURRENT USAGE LEVELS A TEN YEAR UPDATE

A major survey involving over 1,500 mail questionnaires was undertaken ten years ago to determine the extent of business simulation game usage in academia and in business training programs. The current paper updates the earlier study through a mailing of 1,583 questionnaires to business school deans, business faculty, and training and development managers in industry. The findings from the present study show that business simulation game usage in academia and in industry has continued to grow over the past ten years with expectations of further growth.
Mobile communications in Mexico: policy and popular dimensions

Mobile communication has become mainstream and even omnipresent. It is arguably the most successful and certainly the most rapidly adopted new technology in the world: more than one of every three people worldwide possesses a mobile phone. This volume offers a comprehensive view of the cultural, family, and interpersonal consequences of mobile communication across the globe. Leading scholars analyze the effect of mobile communication on all parts of life, from the relationship between literacy and the textual features of mobile phones to the use of ringtones as a form of social exchange, from the "aspirational consumption" of middle class families in India to the belief in parts of Africa and Asia that mobile phones can communicate with the dead. The contributors explore the ways mobile communication profoundly affects the tempo, structure, and process of daily life around the world. They discuss the impact of mobile communication on social networks, other communication strategies, traditional forms of social organization, and political activities. They consider how quickly miraculous technologies come to seem ordinary and even necessary—and how ordinary technology comes to seem mysterious and even miraculous. The chapters cut across social issues and geographical regions; they highlight use by the elite and the masses, utilitarian and expressive functions, and political and operational consequences. Taken together, the chapters demonstrate how mobile communication has affected the quality of life in both exotic and humdrum settings, and how it increasingly occupies center stage in people’s lives around the world.