Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of interleukin-6 in synovial tissue of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a common, rheumatic inflammatory disease causing debilitating pain and stiffness of the shoulder and hip girdle. Inflammation of bursae and tendon sheaths is a key finding in PMR. Glucocorticoids have remained the mainstay of treatment for 60 years. Alternative treatments for PMR are highly needed, since half of patients require prolonged treatment, which is associated with substantial toxicity. 2 A recent phase 2/3 trial has shown promising efficacy of antiinterleukin (IL)−6 receptor (antilIL6R) therapy for newonset PMR: 63% of patients treated with antiIL6R therapy reached glucocorticoidfree remission at week 16, whereas 12% of placebotreated patients reached this primary end point. The biological rationale for targeting the IL6 pathway stems from the observation that serum levels of IL6 are increased in PMR. 4 However, it is unclear whether IL6 is also expressed in the tissues affected by PMR. We investigated the expression of IL6 in synovial tissue obtained from six patients with newonset, treatmentnaïve PMR (four women; median age 72 years, range 58–79) showing subacromialsubdeltoid (SASD) bursitis on ultrasonography. The median erythrocyte sedimentation rate at the time of the biopsy collection was 67 mm/hour (range 39–89) and serum C reactive protein was 67 mg/L (range 3–118). All patients fulfilled the Chuang criteria for PMR. Their diagnosis was confirmed after 6 months of followup and concomitant largevessel giant cell arteritis was ruled out by vascular ultrasonography and/or FDGPET/CT. Synovial tissue was obtained at diagnosis from the SASD bursa by ultrasoundguided biopsy with a 16G core needle (Argon Medical Devices). All bursae showed some level of synovial hypertrophy with power Doppler signal on ultrasound examination (online supplemental figure S1). The number of biopsies available from each patient was five (n=5 patients) or three (n=1 patient). More details are provided in online supplemental methods. First, synovitis scores according to Krenn et al were determined on H&Estained slides. The median synovitis score was 2.5 (range 1–5.5), suggestive of lowgrade synovitis. Next, immunohistochemistry was performed for IL6 (figure 1A,B). A large number of IL6 cells was observed throughout the synovial tissue, as indicated by semiquantitative scoring (figure 1C). A semiquantitative score of 4 was obtained for IL6 expression in the patient in which three biopsies were obtained. Subsequently, immunofluorescence was applied on biopsies of all patients to identify potential cellular sources of IL6. This cytokine was detected in substantial portions of CD34 endothelial cells, CD34 fibroblasts/stromal cells, CD90 fibroblasts and CD68 macrophages (figure 1D–F and online supplemental figure S24). Bearing in mind the limited number of patients, no correlation was found between semiquantitative IL6 scores in the tissue and Letter
Pretransplant FLT3-ITD MRD assessed by high-sensitivity PCR-NGS determines posttransplant clinical outcome

Conflict of interest: COI declared see note COI notes: A.H. W has served on advisory boards for Novartis, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, Janssen, Amgen, Roche, Pfizer, Abbvie, Servier, Gilead, BMS, Macrogenics and Agios; receives research funding to the Institution from Novartis, Abbvie, Servier, Janssen, BMS, Syndax, Astex, Astra Zeneca, Amgen; serves on speaker's bureaus for Abbvie, Novartis, BMS, Servier, Astellas. A.H. W. and N.S. A. , are employees of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, which receives milestone and royalty payments related to venetoclax. Preprint server: No; Author contributions and disclosures: A.H. W. and S.L. designed the research; A.I. designed and validated the PCR-NGS assay; A.I., N.S. A. , N.P., J.J., M.R. , M.M. and A.G. sequenced and analyzed the samples or provided other molecular analysis tools and interpretation; J.O. and S.L. performed clinical data collection; S.L. performed the statistical analysis; S.L. , R.D. , J.O. , I.S. T. , C.C. C. , A.B. , D.R. , Z.H. Y. , K.G. , I.T. , S.J., N.H. R. and A.H. W. contributed patients or analyzed and interpreted data; S.L. and A.H. W. wrote the manuscript; all authors read and approved the
A molecularly defined D1 medium spiny neuron subtype negatively regulates cocaine addiction

The striatum plays a critical role in regulating addiction-related behaviors. The conventional dichotomy model suggests that striatal D1/D2 medium spiny neurons (MSNs) positively/negatively regulate addiction-related behaviors. However, this model does not account for the neuronal heterogeneity and functional diversity of the striatum, and whether MSN subtypes beyond the pan-D1/D2 populations play distinct roles in drug addiction remains unknown. We characterized the role of a tachykinin 2–expressing D1 MSN subtype (Tac2+), present in both rodent and primate striatum, using cocaine addiction mouse models. We found that acute cocaine administration reduces Tac2 neuronal activity, and cocaine conditioning alters neuronal response related to cocaine reward contextual associations. In addition, activation/inhibition of Tac2+ neurons attenuates/promotes cocaine-induced conditioned place preference and cocaine intravenous self-administration. Furthermore, stimulation of the NAc-to-lateral hypothalamic projection of Tac2+ neurons suppresses cocaine reward behavior. Our study reveals an unconventional negative regulatory function of D1 MSNs in drug addiction that operates in a subtype- and projection-specific manner.
Physical activity paradox: could inflammation be a key factor?

Objective The aim of this study was to test the extent to which physical activity performed during work and leisure is associated with systemic inflammation. Methods Data regarding job history and high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, as well as potential confounders, came from the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank. The participants’ self-reported job history was combined with a job exposure matrix to give a more valid assessment of cumulated occupational physical activity compared with conventional self-reported activity. Occupational physical activity was measured as cumulative ton-years (lifting 1000 kg each day for a year). Current leisure time physical activity was self-reported into four different categories. We analysed the association between occupational physical activity, current leisure time physical activity and hs-CRP level in a multivariable linear regression model with adjustment for age, sex, smoking history, number of chronic diseases, body mass index and alcohol. Results In unadjusted analysis, higher occupational physical activity was associated with increased hs-CRP levels, while higher leisure time physical activity was associated with lower hs-CRP levels. In adjusted analysis, lower leisure time physical activity resulted in 12% higher hs-CRP levels while higher occupational physical activities showed a 6% increase in hs-CRP. When we analysed occupational and leisure time physical activity as continuous variables, only leisure time physical activity affected hs-CRP. Conclusion This study indicates that the relationship between physical activity and hs-CRP depends on the setting of physical activity, with lower hs-CRP related to leisure time physical activity and higher hs-CRP related to occupational physical activity. The results suggest that systemic inflammation may explain the physical activity paradox.
New horizons for building pyrenoid-based CO2-concentrating mechanisms in plants to improve yields

Abstract Many photosynthetic species have evolved CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to improve the efficiency of CO2 assimilation by Rubisco and reduce the negative impacts of photorespiration. However, the majority of plants (i.e. C3 plants) lack an active CCM. Thus, engineering a functional heterologous CCM into important C3 crops, such as rice (Oryza sativa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum), has become a key strategic ambition to enhance yield potential. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the pyrenoid-based CCM in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and engineering progress in C3 plants. We also discuss recent modeling work that has provided insights into the potential advantages of Rubisco condensation within the pyrenoid and the energetic costs of the Chlamydomonas CCM, which, together, will help to better guide future engineering approaches. Key findings include the potential benefits of Rubisco condensation for carboxylation efficiency and the need for a diffusional barrier around the pyrenoid matrix. We discuss a minimal set of components for the CCM to function and that active bicarbonate import into the chloroplast stroma may not be necessary for a functional pyrenoid-based CCM in planta. Thus, the roadmap for building a pyrenoid-based CCM into plant chloroplasts to enhance the efficiency of photosynthesis now appears clearer with new challenges and opportunities.
Flexural Performance Evaluation of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Incorporating Multiple Macro-Synthetic Fibers

Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is a promising construction material mainly because of the crack-controlling mechanisms that discrete fibers can impart to inherently brittle concrete. Macrofibers, in particular, have been proven effective for providing post-crack ductility and toughness, while synthetic fibers are a promising solution to avoid corrosion-related durability issues. To assess the performance enhancement provided by macro-synthetic concrete fibers, this study performs flexural tests on FRC beams containing three different types of macro-synthetic fibers. The selected fibers include polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and alkali-resistant glass (ARG) macrofibers mixed at volume fractions of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. Static and dynamic fresh properties are monitored using the vibrating Kelly ball (VKelly) test. Beam specimens are then placed under a third point bending configuration, as per ASTM C1609 Standard, to measure load versus mid-span deflection. Strength and toughness parameters are derived from the load–deflection data to assess the flexural performance of the FRC composite systems under consideration. The parameters of interest include first peak strength (pre-crack flexural strength) and post-crack residual strength and toughness provided by fiber addition. Of the mixtures tested, ARG fiber mixtures show the highest residual strength and toughness values, followed by PP and PVA fiber mixtures. ARG fibers produce the most workable mixtures at all fiber volumes, while PVA fibers show a tendency to encounter dispersion issues at higher volume doses. The outcome of this study is expected to facilitate the selection of fibers by giving insight into their relative contribution to fresh and hardened flexural properties of FRC.
On nonzero-sum stopping game related to discrete risk processes

: We consider two-person nonzero-sum stopping game. The players (insurers) observe discrete time risk processes until one of them decides to stop his process. Strategies of the players arc stopping times. The aim of each player is to maximize his expected gain. We find Nash equilibrium point for this game under certain assumptions on reward sequences.
Yes, but what happens next? Succession planning in English further education colleges

ABSTRACT In this article, we examine the role of the Principal within Further Education colleges in England and explore the often neglected issue of succession planning in the sector. To provide background and context to the current situation, key policies and developments over the past 30 years are reviewed and challenges identified. Interviews with serving Principals designed to explore the role, what leadership development was in place and whether succession planning was used have been carried out. The findings demonstrate that succession planning within colleges is underdeveloped, something particularly concerning when linked to the fact that the role is often a short term one with the turnover of people at the top of the organisation being a major concern. Whilst in some cases individual organisations took steps to identify and support those who wanted to progress this was limited and impacted by the sector environment. The participants’ responses reinforced findings from literature that the importance of succession planning was often paramount to the success of an organisation and included some suggestions as how to increase the pool of potential future leaders for the sector.
Reasons for migration among Vietnamese professional migrants in Australia

ABSTRACT While little research has been done to examine the mobilities of current Vietnamese professional migrants, this paper sought to address this gap by reporting on a qualitative study on the mobilities of Australia-educated and domiciled professional migrants from Vietnam. It examinedtheir decisions to migrate through specific ways of everyday lives as being-in-the-world. By analysing the reasons for migration among 15 participants, this study found that migrants’ decisions are informed by both spiritual and materialistic concerns, variously framed by an attempt to escape from their perceived lack of political patronage, a remedy for personal upheavals and ideological conflicts, an expectation for adventure and social status, pursuit of knowledge and income, or a search for intergenerational security. Skilled migrants do not experience one of these reasons in isolation but rather, a set of interrelated motives. The respondents’ decisions to leave are influenced by the micro-politics of everyday life under the influence of Vietnam’s socio-political transformations. The theoretical concept of being-in-the-world has the potential to conceptualize transnational mobilities of skilled migration in at least 5 related manners: ambiguity in mobilities, equipment, possibilities, (in)authenticity and care.
An improved model of the galactic mass distribution for orbit computations

A realistic, yet very simple and analytical model for the galactic mass distribution is presented, which improves upon a similar model proposed in Allen C. and Martos M.A. (1986, Rev.Mex.A.A., 13). The new potential is completely analytical; the density can be obtained from it in closed form and it is positive everywhere. Extreme mathematical simplicity is retained, as well as a good representation of the observed values of both the rotation curve and the perpendicular force
Absolutism, Relativism, and Universalism in Personality Traits Across Cultures: The Case of the Big Five

Personality is a broad concept used to organize the myriad ways that people differ psychologically from one another. There is evidence that such differences have been important to humans everywhere, in that personality-relevant terms appear in all known languages. Empirical attempts to identify the most useful individual differences and their structure have emphasized cross-cultural evidence, but rigid adherence to a Big Five model has sometimes meant ignoring heterogenous results. We start with a framework for more precisely defining the universality versus cultural-specificity of personality concepts and models in order to better assess cross-cultural evidence. As this 50th anniversary of the IACCP is also the 50th anniversary of the first large lexical study of personality and more or less of the Big Five model, we take the opportunity to explore both how personality has been studied across contexts using the lexical method, and in 100 articles on personality topics (most using questionnaires) that were identified in the pages of JCCP. Personality articles in JCCP, classified into three types based on their balance of emic and etic components, illustrate larger trends in personality psychology. With the benefit of hindsight, we reflect on what each type has to offer going forward, and we encourage cross-cultural personality psychologists to go beyond imposed etic studies that seek primarily to confirm Western models in other contexts. The kinds of insights that more integrative emic and etic approaches can bring to the study of psychology across cultures are highlighted, and a future research agenda is provided.
House Design Transformation by Short-Term Owners

The initial house provided by the government of Indonesia for low and medium family hence should be in affordable process is called Rumah Inti Tumbuh (RIT). The Indonesian word tumbuh means ―to grow‖, indicating that these houses are expected to be transformed, as a representation of growing, following to the owners’ financial improvement and spatial needs. This article is based on the second stage of the research on RIT. The first stage of the research observed units in the Condong Catur Public Housing project in Yogyakarta Province, which was initiated in the 1980s. The findings from the first stage prompted a further research question related to the tendency to transform newer public housing. This article discusses the design transformation of public housing units that have been occupied for shorter periods of time than those units featured in the previous study. The current research employed qualitative methods by observing the occupants of the Wonorejo Public Housing project and the transformations they have made to their homes to meet their expanding spatial needs. The observed units had been occupied for less than five years at the time this research was conducted. Data collection consisted of observing the units, interviewing the occupants, and gaining information from secondary data resources such as the literature and the blue print of the initial design. The observation focused on the development direction and zoning pattern of the units. The research found that the occupants tended to maintain the existing zoning, enlarge semi-public and service spaces, and prioritize development at the back of the housing site. The findings of this second stage research show similar tendencies with the previous research; therefore, these trends could be considered predictive factors that could inform initial RIT design.
Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Features of the Abdominal Wall Muscles in Elite and Amateur Basketball Players

: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare with rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) abdominal wall muscle thickness and interrecti distance (IRD) between elite and amateur basketball players. A sample of 32 basketball players (age: 23.0 ± 8.5; height: 1.89 ± 14.25 m; weight: 86.6 ± 15.5 kg; body mass index: 22.8 ± 2.6 kg/m 2 ) was divided in two groups: professional elite and amateur players. A diagnostic ultrasound tool with a 7–14 MHz range linear transducer was used for B mode ultrasound imaging. Ultrasound images of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), transversus abdominis (TrAb), and rectus anterior (RA) muscles as well as IRD were measured and analyzed by ImageJ software. Statistically signiﬁcant differences ( p < 0.05) with greater height, weight, and Nijmegen scores were shown in favor of the elite basketball players compared to the amateur basketball players. Ultrasound measurements of the abdominal wall muscles showed statistically signiﬁcant differences ( p < 0.05) for increased IRD and left TrAb thickness and decreased right and left EO thickness in favor of the elite versus amateur basketball players. The rest of the measurements did not show any statistically signiﬁcant differences ( p > 0.05). Increased IRD and TrAb thickness and reduced EO thickness may be shown in elite versus amateur basketball players.
Topographic maps of semantic space

This work develops and tests the hypothesis that similarity of meaning derives from substitution regularities in the linguistic environment, represented topographically in the brain. We develop a general mathematical theory of semantic space models and use this to motivate a set of new methods for high-dimensional space construction. We then develop a low-dimensional topographic map model of the lexicon from statistical considerations and apply both models to a range of semantic priming experiments. We show that both high and low-dimensional models capture a wide range of previously unmodelled semantic relations. We also model the effects of association, semantic relatedness and their interaction, and offer a new theory of associative relations. We then demonstrate that, contrary to previous findings, the models also replicate graded and mediated priming effects. Mediated priming is of theoretical importance to memory models because its existence has been taken as evidence for spreading activation and against compound cue models. We show how a semantic space account representing only substitutability relations can account for mediated priming without making any specific architectural assumptions.
Pre-germination treatment of carrot seeds with bioactivator

Carrot is a vegetable with an important socio-economic role, both due to the employment of labor and high commercialization. To optimize the establishment of this crop in fields, seeds with rapid and uniform germination are essential. Therefore, various seed treatment techniques have been used to enable and enhance the germination percentage and optimize the vigor of the seeds. In continuation with this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of thiamethoxam on the physiological performance of carrot seeds during germination and initial development of seedlings. The experimental design was a completely randomized design in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with five carrot cultivars and four doses of thiamethoxam (0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mL). Parameters such as germination, first germination count, seedling length, and dry mass were evaluated. In addition, biochemical analyses of total sugars, total amino acids, and proline content were performed. In general, the treatment of carrot seeds with thiamethoxam positively influenced the germination of the seeds of the cultivars studied. However, thiamethoxam doses of 0.4 and 0.8 mL had no positive effect on the seedling development of the Tropical cultivar. The thiamethoxam dose of 1.2 mL was beneficial to the development of seedlings and accumulation of metabolites in the Alvorada cultivar.
“ Finance and monetary policy implementation issues are gaining a lot of importance in monetary policy research.

A central bank needs different models for different purposes: time series models or VARs for near term forecast ing, factor models to explore large datasets without much theoretical a priori, and structural models when the specification of the model is informed by theory. Structural models are useful for policy analyses, scenarios and forecasting, when the forecast needs to be explained by relating possible future outcomes to currently operating economic mechanisms. Nowadays many structural models belong to the DSGE family, but large macroeconometric models, many of them in the Keynesian tradition, are also in use in central banks. The Banque de France and the ECB, for example, have recently chosen to build their large forecasting models in the tradition of FRB-US. Agent-based models are structural models, but from a very different methodological perspective.