Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aspects of Fibers, Fibrations and their Non-Compact Limits in F-theory and Topological String Theory

This thesis presents results about F-theory and topological string theory on genus one fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds and their non-compact limits. In the first part we work in the fiber based approach to F-theory and study a conjectured relation between the global structure of the non-Abelian gauge group and discrete symmetries that are associated to mirror pairs of fibers. We provide a combinatorial explanation of this phenomenon for the class of hypersurfaces in two-dimensional toric ambient spaces. More generally, we formulate a toric criterion for Mordell-Weil torsion that applies to complete intersection fibers in higher codimension. We then check that the conjecture holds for the much larger class of codimension two complete intersections in three-dimensional toric ambient spaces. Finally we provide a detailed discussion of the geometry of a particular example. As a non-trivial consistency check we show that the non-Abelian anomalies in 6d compactifications are generically cancelled. We then turn to the question of horizontal fluxes in elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau fourfolds. Determining properly quantized fluxes is an important problem in phenomenological applications of F-theory. We present a technique that uses the relation of topological brane charges under homological mirror symmetry to construct integral elements of the flux lattice. In many cases this leads to a complete basis. For the general class of non-singular elliptic fibrations we construct such a basis explicitly and use it to study the action of certain auto-equivalences of the category of B-branes on the charge lattice. We find that a particular set of auto-equivalences generates a projective action of the modular group and argue that this leads to an expansion of the topological string amplitudes in terms of quasi-modular forms. We then use the integral basis and numerical analytic continuation to perform a preliminary study of the flux vacua for a particular geometry. In the last part of the thesis we study the non-compact limit of elliptic fibrations from the perspective of topological string theory. To this end we construct a compact embedding of Ĉ/Z5 and describe the geometry in some detail. In particular we construct an integral basis of periods and use it to obtain a complete set of Picard-Fuchs operators. We can then identify the correct non-compact limit in the moduli space and determine the periods that remain finite. In this way we can relate the genus zero topological string amplitude on the non-compact geometry to the modular parameter of the mirror curve. We then use a theorem by Lockhart to derive a relation between the topological genus one amplitude and a particular product of theta functions. For mirror curves of genus two this leads to the fact that the propagator that appears in the holomorphic anomaly equations is an almost meromorphic Siegel modular form.
HIV/malaria co-infection and its determinants among people living with HIV/AIDS in Yenagoa, Bayelsa state, Nigeria

Major public health issues in Nigeria include HIV and malaria. HIV and malaria are two severe global public health issues. We conducted a cross-sectional study. One hundred and four HIV-infected individuals attending an antiretroviral treatment (ART) clinic in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, were enrolled in this study using a random sampling technique. In order to gather data on the respondents' characteristics, questionnaires were given out. Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for malaria parasite, CD4, and plasma viral load (PVL) using SD Boline RDT, Partec flow cytometer, and Abbott Real-Time protocol, respectively. All laboratory tests were performed following the manufacturer's instructions. The HIV/Malaria co-infection was 5.0%. A significant risk factor for the co-infection was high CD4 counts (p = 0.02). Age (p = 0.76), sex (p = 0.54), marital status (p = 0.47), education (p = 0.75), occupation (p = 0.57) and PVL (p = 0.39) were not significant (p > 0.05) risk factors. Though, a higher HIV/malaria co-infection occurred in the age group 21-40 years (6.0%), males (7.0%), CD4 counts >500 cells/µl (15.4%) and PVL <20 copies/ml (7.5%). In Yenagoa, Nigeria, the occurrence of HIV/malaria among PLWHA has been further established by the current study. Whereas their female counterparts showed a more significant propensity to HIV infection alone, males were more susceptible to HIV/Malaria co-infection. High CD4 levels were a significant risk factor for co-infection with HIV and malaria. HIV status did appear to affect a person's propensity to contract malaria, as HIV-positive individuals in Yenagoa, Nigeria, were shown to be more susceptible to the disease. We, therefore, urge that individuals living with HIV/AIDS be prioritized for any malaria intervention because of their vulnerability to malaria.
The Agnostic Structure of Data Science Methods

In this paper we want to discuss the changing role of mathematics in science, as a way to discuss some methodological trends at work in big data science. More specifically, we will show how the role of mathematics has dramatically changed from its more classical approach. Classically, any application of mathematical techniques requires a previous understanding of the phenomena, and of the mutual relations among the relevant data; modern data analysis appeals, instead, to mathematics in order to identify possible invariants uniquely attached to the specific questions we may ask about the phenomena of interest. In other terms, the new paradigm for the application of mathematics does not require any understanding of the phenomenon, but rather relies on mathematics to organize data in such a way as to reveal possible invariants that may or may not provide further understanding of the phenomenon per se, but that nevertheless provide an answer to the relevant question.
Elemental fingerprint profiling with multivariate data analysis to classify organic chocolate samples

Chocolate is an appreciated food derived from cacao fruit. The flavonoids and minerals present in the chocolate have benefits to health, and some specific minerals are known to be toxic. Because of differences in their production systems, organic chocolate has a distinguishable pattern in mineral concentrations than conventional chocolate. Aiming for authenticity and study of the toxic elements in organic chocolate, we present in this work a simple method to classify organic chocolate samples based on elemental fingerprint profiling and multivariate data analysis. Thirty‐eight elements (toxic and essential) were determined in 36 chocolate samples (organic and conventional) by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to establish reference ranges and to identify differences in patterns of elements in both type of samples. Our results showed that Al, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Ba are the most present components for both types of chocolate, and higher concentrations of essential elements Fe, Zn, and Mg are found in conventional type, opposing the idea that organic food is rich in essential elements. Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis were used for multivariate data analysis, and sample differentiation was possible with 83% accuracy.
Optical functions and critical points of dilute bismide alloys studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry

Critical point transition energies and optical functions of the novel GaAs-based dilute bismide alloys GaAsBi, GaNAsBi, and GaPAsBi were determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The ellipsometry data were analyzed using a parameterized semiconductor model to represent the dielectric function of the alloys as the sum of Gaussian oscillators centered on critical points in the band structure, and from this extracting the energies of those critical points. The band gap and spin-orbit splitting were measured for samples for a range of alloy compositions. The first experimental measurements of the spin-orbit splitting in the GaNAsBi quaternary alloy were obtained, which showed that it is approximately independent of N content, in agreement with theory. The real component of the refractive index in the transparent region below the band gap was found to decrease as the band gap increased for all of the alloys studied, following the usual relations for conventional semiconductors. This work provides key electr.
Fractional Sub-Equation Method and its Applications to the Space–Time Fractional Differential Equations in Mathematical Physics

In the present paper, we construct the analytical solutions of somenonlinear evolution equations involving Jumaries modified RiemannLiouville derivative in mathematical physics; namely the spacetime fractional modified Benjamin -Bona-Mahony(mBBM) equation and the spacetime fractional Zakharov -Kuznetsov-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony(ZKBBM) equation by using a simple method which is called the fractional sub -equation method. As a result, three types of exact analytical solutions are obtained. This method is more powerful and will be used in further works to establish more entirel y new solutions for other kinds of nonlinear fractional PDEs arising in mathematical physics.
A survey of useful inequalities in fractional calculus

Abstract We present a survey on inequalities in fractional calculus that have proven to be very useful in analyzing differential equations. We mention in particular, a “Leibniz inequality” for fractional derivatives of Riesz, Riemann-Liouville or Caputo type and its generalization to the d-dimensional case that become a key tool in differential equations; they have been used to obtain upper bounds on solutions leading to global solvability, to obtain Lyapunov stability results, and to obtain blowing-up solutions via diverging in a finite time lower bounds. We will also mention the weakly singular Gronwall inequality of Henry and its variants, principally by Medved, that plays an important role in differential equations of any kind. We will also recall some “traditional” inequalities involving fractional derivatives or fractional powers of the Laplacian.
A portable and affordable extensional rheometer for field testing

Extensional shear testing is often needed to characterise the behaviour of complex fluids found in industry and nature. Traditional extensional rheometers are typically expensive, fragile and heavy and are only suited to making measurements in a laboratory environment. For some applications, it is necessary to make in situ rheological measurements where, for example, fluid properties change rapidly over time or where laboratory facilities are unavailable. This paper reports the development and validation of an inexpensive, lightweight and robust ‘open source’ extensional rheometer, Seymour II. Validation was carried out experimentally and computationally. Measurements on a Newtonian fluid (492 mPa s Brookfield silicone oil) yielded results of 510 ± 51 mPa s; these are comfortably within the range of ±10% which other authors have quoted for extensional techniques using laboratory rheometers. Comparison of the observed filament thinning dynamics to those obtained using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) gave good qualitative agreement. Use of Seymour II at the University of Cambridge Botanic Gardens revealed that the mucilage of the ‘crane flower’, Strelitzia reginae, was a viscoelastic fluid whose extensional response could be described by a two-mode Giesekus equation. Engineering drawings and image analysis code for Seymour II are available for download at the project website, www.seymourII. org/.
Temporal occurrence and species composition of birds on artificial feeding sites maintained for game mammals in the Dinaric Mountains, Slovenia

Artificial feeding is a widely used management tool, but it often attracts nontarget species, including birds, to permanent feeding sites. This study used camera traps to monitor the presence of birds at selected sites used for bear management in Dinaric forest. A large number of bird species (35) were recorded, representing roughly half of all species breeding in the surrounding area. These species were grouped based on monthly and hourly presence, and corresponded to food groups, with most belonging to granivores or scavengers. Some species, such as Pigeons (Columba sp.), Raven (Corvus corax) and Buzzard (Buteo buteo), adapted their presence to the availability of food at the feeding sites, while others were not affected by this. Both Chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) and Jays (Garrulus glandarius) frequented the feeding sites, but their temporal presence was influenced by their biology rather than by food availability. The Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) also adapted its presence to food availability, and its presence was closely associated with that of the Jay. This study confirms the temporal differences in the use of feeding sites by birds and mammals, which is likely due to their different biology and past management. This can be used to make wildlife management more efficient and reduce the undesirable effects of artificial feeding.
The Potential of Sawdust and Coconut Fiber as Sound Reduction Materials

In this study, biodegradable materials that could be utilized to reduce noise were examined. Sound absorption test was conducted with an impedance tube. Sawdust, coconut fiber, and expansive clay were used to create test samples. Noise reduction coefficient results for sawdust and expansive clay mixture ranged from 0.24 to 0.62. A mixture of coconut fiber and expansive clay recorded in noise reduction coefficient between 0.31 and 0.58. Coconut fiber mixed with expansive clay recorded noise reduction coefficient ranging from 0.31 to 0.58. The study findings suggests that these materials have good acoustic properties and can therefore be used as alternative noise reduction materials. These findings have important implications in reducing environmental pollution if adopted in the development of noise reducing materials.
PENGARUH INFLUENCER MARKETING DAN ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEW TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION MELALUI PERCEIVED VALUE PRODUK SERUM SOMETHINC

Saat ini kulit dan wajah merupakan asset penting yang harus dijaga dan dirawat apabila dilihat dari segi penampilan. Penampilan mempunyai peran penting dalam mendorong kepercayaan diri seseorang sehingga skincare menjadi produk yang paling diincar oleh para kaum wanita. Salah satu produk perawatan kulit yang terkenal di Indonesia adalah Somethinc yang didirikan pada Maret 2019. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh langsung influencer marketing dan online customer review terhadap purchase intention dengan variabel perceived value sebagai variabel mediasi. Data primer yang dikumpulkan menggunakan metode survei dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden yang mengetahui produk serum Somethinc. Kuesioner yang terkumpul sebanyak 150 responden, data tersebut kemudian diolah dengan metode path analysis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian terdapat pengaruh langsung antara influencer marketing dan online customer review terhadap perceived value. Terdapat pengaruh langsung online customer review dan perceived value terhadap purchase intention, namun tidak terdapat pengaruh langsung influencer marketing terhadap purchase intention. Terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung antara influencer marketing dan online customer review terhadap purchase intention melalui perceived value dan perceived value terbukti sebagai variabel mediasi antara influencer marketing dan online customer review terhadap purchase intention.
An Empirical Case of Education Policy Implementation in Serbian VET

Purpose: Education policy implementation is as important as policy design. This study applies a literature-based, multi-dimensional framework for success factors and barriers to vocational education and training (VET) reform implementation in the case of a new dual VET law in Serbia. We use the framework to assess factors related to implementation, then relate these factors to actual implementation progress to determine how factors relate to progress. In this application of the framework, we examine whether implementation success requires high scores in every dimension. Methods: This is a mixed methods study. We conduct document analysis of key resources related to the structure and intention of the reform. We also statistically analyze a dataset of two rounds of interviews conducted during the pre- and early-implementation phases. These interviews include key stakeholders from the public and private sectors, and from national, regional, and local-level actors. We examine how the framework's dimensions and determinants relate to implementation progress. Results: The implementation of the law is moving forward in Serbia, making this a successful case of progress in policy implementation. Despite this progress, the factors for implementation are not all strong. We find that the content dimension of the framework is a barrier, capacity is unclear, and context, commitment, and clients—actors' engagement— drive implementation progress. Thus, although the implementation process is imperfect in its determinants, it is successfully progressing and already forming the new system. Conclusions: Based on our results we argue that—even if the framework describes factors that affect VET reform implementation—not all elements are necessary for VET reform implementation to progress. Policymakers can start without perfect implementation conditions and may benefit from striving for "good enough" across dimensions rather than perfect in any one dimension. We discuss potential mechanisms and identify pathways for future research, including moving in the direction of causal research.
The Correlation between Alvarado Score and Histopathological Profile of Appendicitis in Academic Hospital of Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix vermiformis, which is the most common cause of acute abdominal emergency and requires immediate surgical treatment. Anamnesis and clinical examinations in Alvarado score results can be used as early detection to determine further treatment. The use of histopathological examination is to confirm the diagnosis of appendicitis. This study was to determine the correlation between the Alvarado score and the histopathological profile of appendicitis. It assesses appendicitis diagnosis accuracy based on the Alvarado score at the Academic Hospital of UGM.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design study with a diagnostic test method using secondary data from 173 appendicitis patients from 1 January to 31 December 2019, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: According to the histopathology result, the finding of acute appendicitis was 95.95%, which Alvarado score of ≥7 was 71.68%. The overall sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of Alvarado score for acute appendicitis were 73.49%, 71.43%, 73.41%, 98.39 %, 10.20%, respectively. Conclusion: The Alvarado score is a sensitive, specific, and accurate scoring system that functions as a diagnostic tool for acute appendicitis.
The solar proxy κ1 Cet and the planetary habitability around the young Sun

Abstract Among the solar proxies, κ1 Cet, stands out as potentially having a mass very close to solar and a young age. We report magnetic field measurements and planetary habitability consequences around this star, a proxy of the young Sun when life arose on Earth. Magnetic strength was determined from spectropolarimetric observations and we reconstruct the large-scale surface magnetic field to derive the magnetic environment, stellar winds, and particle flux permeating the interplanetary medium around κ1 Cet. Our results show a closer magnetosphere and mass-loss rate 50 times larger than the current solar wind mass-loss rate when Life arose on Earth, resulting in a larger interaction via space weather disturbances between the stellar wind and a hypothetical young-Earth analogue, potentially affecting the habitability. Interaction of the wind from the young Sun with the planetary ancient magnetic field may have affected the young Earth and its life conditions.
Small-scale structure and energy transfer in homogeneous turbulence

We use high-resolution velocity measurements in a jet-stirred zero-mean-flow facility to investigate the topology and energy transfer properties of homogeneous turbulence over the Reynolds number range $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\approx 300$ –500. The probability distributions of the enstrophy and strain-rate fields show long tails associated with the most intense events, while the weaker events behave as random variables. The high-enstrophy and high-strain structures are shaped as tube-like and sheet-like objects, respectively, the latter often wrapped around the former. Both types of structures have thickness that scales in Kolmogorov units, and display self-similar topology over a wide range of scales. The small-scale turbulence activity is found to be strongly correlated with the large-scale activity, suggesting that the phenomenon of amplitude modulation (previously observed in advection-dominated shear flows) is not limited to specific production mechanisms. Observing the significant variations in spatially averaged enstrophy, we heuristically define hyperactive and sleeping states of the flow: these also correspond to, respectively, high and low levels of large-scale velocity gradients. Moreover, the hyperactive and sleeping states contribute very differently to the inter-scale energy flux, characterized via the nonlinear transfer term in the Kármán–Howarth–Monin equation. While the energy cascades to smaller scales along the jet-axis direction, a weaker but sizable inverse transfer is observed along the transverse direction; a behaviour so far only observed in spatially developing flows. The hyperactive states are characterized by very intense energy transfers, while the sleeping states account for weaker fluxes, largely directed from small to large scales. This implies that the form of energy cascade depends on the presence (or absence) of intense turbulent structures. These results are at odds with the classic concept of the energy cascade between adjacent scales, but are compatible with the view of a cascade in physical space.
Determinants of Poverty in Western Indonesia and Eastern Indonesia

The diversion of regional characteristics in Indonesia costs the country countless economic issues, primarily poverty. This study aims to analyze the influence of gross regional domestic product, life expectancy, the average length of schooling, domestic investment, foreign direct investment, social protection spending, education sector spending, and health sector spending on poverty in Western Indonesia and Eastern Indonesia 2010-2021. Panel data regression was used in this study to examine data consisting of 34 provinces in Indonesia to annual data for each variable during the 2010-2021 period obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics and affiliated institutions. The results of this study indicate that the best model is the Fixed effect, following the Chow and Hausman test. The results showed that the variables life expectancy, average length of schooling, domestic investment, foreign direct investment, and health sector spending had a significant negative effect on poverty. In comparison, gross regional domestic product, social protection spending, and education sector spending have a significant positive effect on poverty. Furthermore, from the results of the dummy variable, there is a significant negative difference between poverty in Western Indonesia and Eastern Indonesia in 2010-2021.