Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The use of soil biostructures created by soil fauna ecosystem engineers fed with different organic matterials as inoculum source of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on cocoa seedling

<p><span lang="IN">Soil fauna as ecosystem engineers </span><span>have the ability to </span><span lang="IN">creat</span><span>e </span><span lang="IN">soil biostructure</span><span>s, with the capacity to </span><span lang="IN">sav</span><span>e</span><span lang="IN"> arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spores. </span><span>This study therefore aims to </span><span lang="IN">investigate the </span><span>AMF </span><span lang="IN">spore density in the biostructures created by cooperation between earthworms and ants with a different organic matter composition</span><span>,</span><span lang="IN"> and to analyze the </span><span>biostructures’ </span><span lang="IN">potential as a source of </span><span>AMF </span><span lang="IN">inoculum on cocoa seedlings. </span><span>In the first experiment, a </span><span lang="IN">combination of earthworms and ants composition</span><span>, as well as a </span><span lang="IN">mixture of <em>G. sepium</em> leaf (GLP), cocoa shell bean (CSB), and sago dregs (SD)</span><span>,</span><span lang="IN"> was tested</span><span>. Meanwhile, </span><span lang="IN">in the </span><span>second</span><span lang="IN"> experiment</span><span>, t</span><span lang="IN">he</span><span> effect of</span><span lang="IN"> biostructures on cocoa seedlings grown </span><span>i</span><span lang="IN">n unsterile soil</span><span>,was </span><span lang="IN">examined</span><span>. According to the results, the highest</span><span lang="IN"> AMF spore </span><span>density was obtained using </span><span lang="IN">20 earthworms+10 ants with 50%GLP+50%CSB + 0%SD treatment</span><span>. Furthermore, the t</span><span lang="IN">otal AMF spores </span><span>were </span><span lang="IN">positively correlated</span><span> with the total P value, but negatively correlated </span><span lang="IN">with </span><span>the </span><span lang="IN">C/N ratio</span><span>. Therefore, bi</span><span lang="IN">ostructure application increased AMF spores number in rhizosphere and </span><span>the cocoa seedling’s </span><span lang="IN">root infection</span><span>. Furthermore, </span><span lang="IN">biostructure</span><span>s</span><span lang="IN"> resulting from the collaborative activity </span><span>between</span><span lang="IN"> different soil fauna ecosystem engineers </span><span>were able to transmit </span><span lang="IN">AMF spore</span><span>s </span><span lang="IN">to </span><span>infected </span><span lang="IN">plant root</span><span>s</span><span lang="IN"> growing </span><span>i</span><span lang="IN">n non-sterile soil. </span></p>
SEVERITY OF RUN-OFF-CRASHES WHETHER MOTORWAY HARD SHOULDERS ARE EQUIPPED WITH A GUARDRAIL OR NOT

On most French highways, hard shoulders are equipped with safety barriers to protect vehicles from running off the roadway. The research question is to determine if there would be a global safety gain to the user in systematically equipping all hard shoulders with safety barriers. The severity of run-off the road is measured and compared according to if they occur with a protected hard shoulder or a non-protected one, and in the latter case, whether what is off the road is at the same level, an embankment or a ditch. The data relates to five years of observation - 1996 to 2000. Results of the research indicate that the severity of run-off the road on hard shoulders is on average significantly higher in the absence of a safety barrier. Higher values of severity are connected with run-off the road in the presence of embankments or ditches. These results take into account the typology of the accident (number of vehicles involved, different impacts, type of vehicle involved) and of highway characteristics. Severity differences are large enough to be significant. It is concluded that systematic equipment of highway hard shoulders appears to be beneficial as a whole within the infrastructure and European traffic conditions, with a better control of run-off the road consequences.
Family Strength During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

Research on family strength is growing. Limited work has been studied about family strength during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This qualitative online survey studied on 65 participants, aged 27–57 years (M = 40.85, SD = 6.8), to explore the characters of Indonesian family strength during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. This research discovered eight characters of Indonesian family strength, namely:(1) intense and open communication, (2) intimacy and time together, (3) cooperation and division of roles, (4) finding solutions to problems, (5) implementing health protocols, (6) financial stability, (7) religiosity/spiritual well-being, and (8) grateful and optimistic. These eight characters coupled with two other areas, (9) self-development, and (10) concern for the needs of others, become 10 areas that growing up in families during the pandemic. These findings highlight the importance of focusing on characters of family strength when facing crises and uncertainties.
High intensity and red enriched LED lights increased growth of lettuce and endive

Changes in plant responses have been associated with different fractions of the visible spectrum and light intensity. Advances in light emitting diodes (LED) have enabled the study of the effect of narrow wavelengths on plant growth and antioxidant compound synthesis. LED technology also facilitates the incorporation of light sources in a controlled setting where light spectra and intensity can be regulated. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of two commercial light spectra (S1: standard white light with 32.8% blue, 42.5% green, 21.7% red and 2.4% far red;S2: AP67 spectrum, designed for horticultural growth, with 16.9% blue, 20.5% green, 49.7% red and 12.3% far red) at two light intensities [LI: low intensity (78 µmol·m-2s-1 of photons for S1 and 62 µmol·m-2s-1 for S2, and HI: high intensity (102 and 100 µmol·m-2s-1 for S1 and S2, respectively)] on growth and antioxidant compound contents in two leafy vegetables: endive (Cichorium endivia L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and DW% of plants were taken as growth indicators. Leaf number, SPAD index, leaf area (LA) and specific leaf area (SLA) were also evaluated. Antioxidant synthesis was measured as total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity (AA). The results showed that S2 and HI increased the FW, DW, and LA in both species. On the other hand, antioxidant compound contents were significantly increased by HI but did not vary with the spectrum.
The Spiral as a Traveling Wave Structure for Broadband Antenna Applications

The spiral has been limited to applications for receive only because it is invariably loaded dissipatively, with a typical 3-dB loss and the resulting low efficiency. In this article, we treat the spiral as a traveling-wave (TW) structure that has unique ultra-broadband, complex, multi-facet radiation characteristics, and report development of spirals with efficient transmit performance suitable for all applications such as telecommunications and radar. Its excellent form factor and its size reduction potential are discussed. The spiral's unique geometry is also shown to allow easy and powerful switching, control and various manipulations, etc., to achieve performance and special features that are difficult or even impossible by antennas of other geometries. These unique multimode, multi-polarization, and inherent phase patterns are utilized to achieve ultra-broadband phased arrays and smart antennas for applications involving multifunction, real-time switched modes, among others.
Kadar Timbal (Pb) Pada Rambut dan Kuku Polisi Lalu Lintas di Kota Pekanbaru dan Kota Bengkalis

This research was conducted in the city of Bengkalis and Pekanbaru from June toAugust 2014, with the aim to analyze the concentrations of lead (Pb) in hair andnails of traffic policemen and to analyze the relationship between the length ofemployment with concentrationss of lead contained in hair and nails of traffic police in thecity of Bengkalis and Pekanbaru. The samples were analyzed in the Laboratory of PhysicalChemistry of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Riau by usingAAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Results of the research showedthat lead concentrations in hair and nails of traffic policemen in the city of Pekanbaruwere 13.36 and 2.11 ppm resprctively and categorized as medium and low level ofcontamination. Meanwhile, lead concentrations in hair and nails of traffic policemen in thecity of Bengkalis were 21.81 and 2.56 ppm which were also categorized as medium and lowlevel of contamination respectively. Concentrations of Lead in the hair of policemen relationto length of employment in Bengkalis were 14.37; 13.09 and 25.29 ppm for 5years respectively. Lead concentrations in nails of traffic policemen at both locations for awork period 5 years were 1.58, 2.70 and 2.71ppm respectively. Average Leadconcentrations in the hair (17.56 ppm) was higher than in nails (2.33 ppm), however theirconcentrations were statistically not different. Key words: Heavy metal, Traffic Policemen, Pollution
Evaluation Tool for the Environmental Programs of Greek Secondary Education Through the Prism of Education for the Sustainable Development

An evaluation tool was developed by the literature review, in order to measure the efficiency of the Greek environmental school programs, regarding the offering ESD (education for the sustainable development). By using this evaluation tool at the end of the program’s design, the teacher can assess whether it satisfies the principles, objectives, and proposed methodology of ESD. This tool can also be used at the end of the materialization of the program, before writing the final report, in order to assess how sustainable it was, if the aims and goals were successful according to the UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) Strategy. The application of the tool is an evaluative research in the archival material of a school educational program where the teacher has to perform a content analysis and use the coding systems in order to identify and quantify information, by scoring 69 criteria response of 33 research questions in four axes of a program case study. The groups of criteria were established to satisfy the goals and the expectations of the research, based on a review of the relevant national and international literature. The tool refers to the content, the aims, the goals for the cultivation of the environmentally literate citizen, the methodology, and the evaluation of an ESDP (Program of Education for the Sustainable Development).
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels and Their Clinical Associations in a Polish Cohort of Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vitamin D exhibits immunomodulatory effects in autoimmune diseases. We aimed to evaluate the associations of vitamin D levels with clinical and laboratory features of systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a Polish cohort. The study was prospective in design. SSc patients who met ACR-EULAR 2013 criteria underwent comprehensive clinical and laboratory investigations using the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR) methodology. We assessed patients’ sera for 25(OH)D3 using a radioimmunoassay, and the cutoff value for vitamin D deficiency was set at 20 ng/mL. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test, the Fisher’s exact, and the Spearman’s rho, where appropriate, with a significance threshold set at 0.05. We recruited 68 SSc patients (85% female). The mean 25(OH)D3 level was 21.6 ± 10 ng/mL, and 50% of subjects (n = 34) presented vitamin D deficiency (mean 13.7 ± 3.9 ng/mL). Vitamin D-deficient SSc patients exhibited higher prevalence of arterial hypertension (p = 0.002), proteinuria (p = 0.002), and lung fibrosis (p = 0.032), as well as higher CRP (p = 0.035). The modified Rodnan skin score correlated negatively with 25(OH)D3 in diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc). We found no correlation with the disease duration, age, joints, and the heart. Vitamin D deficiency was common in the studied population of Polish SSc patients and was associated with arterial hypertension, proteinuria, lung involvement, and increased CRP.
Service quality and discretionary collaborative behaviour intentions: the moderating effect of personality

This paper explores the relationship between service quality and Discretionary Collaborative Behaviour (DCB), with particular focus on the moderating influence of personality. It reports the results of an exploratory survey of MBA graduates of public and private educational institutions in Malaysia, using data obtained from a sample of 167 randomly selected graduates. The findings indicate that the quality of the educational experience of graduates do positively influence their intentions to perform DCB, particularly that of word-of-mouth. In particular, the impact of functional quality is greater than that of technical quality. Further, the positive impact of service quality, particularly that of functional quality, on DCB, holds for those who are high on extraversion and low on neuroticism levels. These results suggest that MBA providers should focus on how the service is provided besides maintaining sufficient standards of what is being offered. It is also imperative that MBA providers segment their alumni and use different strategies to motivate DCB amongst them.
What Makes GO-JEK Go in Indonesia? The Influences of Social Media Marketing Activities on Purchase Intention

This research examines the relationship between social media marketing activities and purchase intention mediated by trust and brand image to confirm the constructs with practical applicability, specifically in a growing online ride-hailing service company. This study employs a quantitative approach with a causal research design to test the proposed hypotheses to identify interrelationships between each pair of constructs. Data collection was performed through a survey of 350 respondents via an online questionnaire as the primary data source distributed to social media users in Indonesia who had experienced using GO-JEK services. In addition, EFA, CFA, SEM, and bootstrapping methods were run to analyze these research data. Social media marketing, trust, and brand image affect consumers’ purchase intention significantly. Among the five dimensions of social media marketing, the findings show that two dimensions—namely, entertainment and word of mouth, bring the most significant direct effect on purchase intention. Trust and brand image mediate the relationship between social media marketing and purchase intention. This study suggests practical directions for organizations. First, it reveals the social media dimensions that directly encourage purchase intention among consumers. Second, it explains that trust and brand image can amplify each variable’s influence on the purchase intention among consumers. GO-JEK is an example of the online ride-hailing industry that causes the generalizability issue in different business contexts. Based on our findings, there are some practical directions for GO-JEK. First, it reveals the social media marketing dimensions that directly encourage purchase intention among consumers to use GO-JEK. Second, it explains that trust and brand image can amplify the influence of each variable on consumers’ purchase intention. Very few studies investigated social media marketing’s role in a GO-JEK business model in the Indonesian context. This research delivers in-depth insights into the significant factors that affect Indonesian consumers to decide which product they intend to buy through the influence of social media activities.
Preclinical Research in McArdle Disease: A Review of Research Models and Therapeutic Strategies

McArdle disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of muscle glycogen metabolism caused by pathogenic mutations in the PYGM gene, which encodes the skeletal muscle-specific isoform of glycogen phosphorylase. Clinical symptoms are mainly characterized by transient acute “crises” of early fatigue, myalgia and contractures, which can be accompanied by rhabdomyolysis. Owing to the difficulty of performing mechanistic studies in patients that often rely on invasive techniques, preclinical models have been used for decades, thereby contributing to gain insight into the pathophysiology and pathobiology of human diseases. In the present work, we describe the existing in vitro and in vivo preclinical models for McArdle disease and review the insights these models have provided. In addition, despite presenting some differences with the typical patient’s phenotype, these models allow for a deep study of the different features of the disease while representing a necessary preclinical step to assess the efficacy and safety of possible treatments before they are tested in patients.
Data Homogeneity Effect in Deep Learning-Based Prediction of Type 1 Diabetic Retinopathy

This study is aimed at evaluating a deep transfer learning-based model for identifying diabetic retinopathy (DR) that was trained using a dataset with high variability and predominant type 2 diabetes (T2D) and comparing model performance with that in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Kaggle dataset, which is a publicly available dataset, was divided into training and testing Kaggle datasets. In the comparison dataset, we collected retinal fundus images of T1D patients at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan from 2013 to 2020, and the images were divided into training and testing T1D datasets. The model was developed using 4 different convolutional neural networks (Inception-V3, DenseNet-121, VGG1, and Xception). The model performance in predicting DR was evaluated using testing images from each dataset, and area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. The model trained using the Kaggle dataset had an average (range) AUC of 0.74 (0.03) and 0.87 (0.01) in the testing Kaggle and T1D datasets, respectively. The model trained using the T1D dataset had an AUC of 0.88 (0.03), which decreased to 0.57 (0.02) in the testing Kaggle dataset. Heatmaps showed that the model focused on retinal hemorrhage, vessels, and exudation to predict DR. In wrong prediction images, artifacts and low-image quality affected model performance. The model developed with the high variability and T2D predominant dataset could be applied to T1D patients. Dataset homogeneity could affect the performance, trainability, and generalization of the model.
Mitragyna speciosa Korth Leaves Supplementation on Feed Utilization, Rumen Fermentation Efficiency, Microbial Population, and Methane Production In Vitro

The objective of the research was to evaluate the different levels of Mitragyna speciosa Korth leaves powder (MSLP) added to rations with 60:40 or 40:60 roughage to a concentrate (R:C ratio) on in vitro nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial population, and methane (CH4) production. The treatments were arranged according to a 2 × 8 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. The two factors contain the R:C ratio (60:40 and 40:60) and the levels of MSLP addition (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7% of the total substrate). There was no interaction between the R:C ratio and MSLP supplementation on gas production kinetics, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and microbial populations. The gas production rate constant for the insoluble fraction (c) was increased by the R:C ratio at (40:60), whilst there was no difference obtained among treatments for cumulative gas production, whilst the gas production rate constant for the insoluble fraction (c) was increased by the R:C ratio at 40:60. The concentration of NH3-N was influenced by the R:C ratio and MSLP addition both at 4 and 8 h after incubation. In vitro dry matter degradability (IVDMD) and organic matter degradability (IVOMD) were significantly improved by the R:C ratio and supplementation of MSLP at 12 h. Increasing the R:C ratio and MSLP concentrations increased total volatile fatty acid (VFA) and propionic acid (C3) concentrations while decreasing acetic acid (C2) and butyric acid (C4) concentrations; thus, the C2:C3 ratio was reduced. MSLP addition reduced protozoa and methanogen populations (p < 0.05). The calculated CH4 production was decreased (p < 0.05) by the R:C ratios at 40:60 and supplementation of MSLP. Finally, the addition of MSLP as a phytonutrient may improve nutrient degradability and rumen fermentation properties while decreasing protozoa, methanogen population, and CH4 production.
Using mobile phones to augment teacher learning in environmental education

This study contributes to the professional development of teachers in the use of mobile phones to inform their pedagogy. The focus is on how action learning sets helped preservice teachers (PST) to effectively use mobile phones to augment their understanding of the impact of their teaching of an environmental education unit in local primary schools. These school-based, action learning sets consisted of groups of four to six PST allocated to the five schools that participated in the study. For six weeks the twenty-two participating PST worked in pairs to teach a class for two hours per week. During this time the PST had access to mobile phones that had an inbuilt camera, Excel, Word, audio recording, video recording, Internet, email and other web features. These phones were used to support and inform the teaching of an environmental education unit that had as it focus waste and energy management. The findings indicated that in this context, the action learning sets provided a vehicle for sustained and targeted professional growth. Besides providing evidence of teacher learning and a record of teaching dilemmas that arose, the mobile phones were used to send supportive SMS messages among PST immediately before or after teaching.
MEDICAL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS AND TARGET NEEDS IN ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES COURSES

This study aims to identify the target needs of students in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses at a private university in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The participants in this study were 10 students majoring in medicine. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method to explain students' perspectives of the ESP courses. The research data were obtained through surveys and interviews. The findings reveal that the participants expect the ESP courses focus on the target needs of their academic and professional lives with an emphasis on drilling their skills in the four aspects of language. In addition, it also shows that students have a positive perception of the ESP courses at the university. The findings of the study also declared that the ESP program should focus on the effective use of language and improve their language skills in reading, writing, listening, and speaking.
Steadily Increasing Control: The Professionalization of Mass Death

Recent mass death incidents in Japan and Haiti have again focused attention on the challenge of dealing with large numbers of dead. Focusing on mass death incidents involving large numbers of Canadian victims, including the Titanic, Halifax explosion, Air India bombing and the 2004 Tsunami, the paper researches incidents dating back to the beginning of the 20th Century. By examining each stage of the process including initial response, identification, funerals, communication, religious services and inquests, the paper identifies key changes in the way that mass death incidents are handled. For example, the research identifies greater professionalization and state control of mass death incidents, increased reliance on experts and technology and increased emphasis on accurate identification, through forensics, and causes, through inquests and inquiries.