Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of soil amendment from herbal and eucalyptus industrial waste on methane emission and rice yield

The use of chemical fertilizer in rice fields contributes to increased global warming via enhanced emission of methane (CH4) into the atmosphere. Therefore, composting has been proposed to reduce methane emissions in the agricultural field. This study aimed to determine the CH4 emission and rice yield affected by compost from three different types of compost: herbal compost, eucalyptus compost, and manure compost. This randomized block design study was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020. There were 8 fertilizer treatments applied to the rice fields, namely: herbal compost 10 tons/ha. (O1), eucalyptus compost 10 tons/ha (O2), manure compost 10 tons/ha (O3), no compost no chemical fertilizer (as a control) (O4), herbal compost 5 tons/ha + chemical fertilizer/CF (C1), eucalyptus compost 5 tons/ha + CF (C2), manure compost 5 tons/ha + CF (C3), and only chemical fertilizer (C4), then all treatments replicated three times. For the chemical fertilizer (CF) the dose is 166 kg/ha urea + 166 kg/ha ZA + 330 kg/ha TSP. The result indicated that the compost manure 10 tons/ha (O3) and the combination compost manure 5 tons/ha + CF (C3) produced the highest rice yields (6.89 -6.94 tons/ha) but impacted the highest methane emissions (505.3 – 544.6 Kg.CH4 /ha/season). The important finding showed that among all the treatments, a combination of compost eucalyptus 5 tons/ha + CF (C2) and compost eucalyptus 10 tons/ha (O2) mitigated methane emission to the lowest level (296.6 -305.2 Kg.CH4/ha/season) and gave high rice yields (6.77-6.78 tons/ha) that were not significantly different from those of compost manure (O3 and C3). In addition, the combination of compost herbal 5 tons/ha and chemical fertilizer (C1) affected the lower methane emissions than manure compost and gave a high level of grain yield that was not significantly different from those of manure compost (O3 and C3) and eucalyptus compost (O2 and C2).
The Relationship of Personal Hygiene and Physical Environmental Conditions with Scabies Symptoms

Introduction: Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by the female tick Sarcoptes Scabiei Varieta Hominis which belongs to the Arachnida group. Scabies can occur in countries with tropical and subtropical climates Obective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and environmental conditions with scabies symptoms at Al-Mubarak Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City. Method: This study used an analytical observational method with a Cross Sectional approach, the sample in this study were 85 respondents using simple random sampling. Result and Discussion: The results of this study showed a significant relationship between skin and hand hygiene (p = 0.001), towel hygiene (p = 0.033) with scabies symptoms. There is no relationship between clothing hygiene (p = 0.109) with scabies symptoms. Proportion of physical environmental conditions (clean water facilities, ventilation, occupancy density, humidity) that do not meet requirements 100%. Conclusion: Variables associated with scabies symptoms are skin and hand hygiene, and towel hygiene. Variables that are not associated with scabies symptoms are clothing hygiene. It is recommended to the boarding school to add exhaust fans and also pay attention to the clean water facilities used and the students to maintain personal hygiene such as routine bathing 2x a day, drying clothes and towels in the sun
The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Firm Performance: A State of the Art

This research scrutinized the impact of intellectual capital on firm performance, identifying pertinent scientific publications using a systematic literature review. The findings reveal an upward annual trend in empirical research concerning the effect of intellectual capital on company performance. Over the past decade, Indonesia has emerged as a dominant contributor to this research. While nine dimensions of intellectual capital have been pinpointed, three specific dimensions are predominantly studied. Research on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) has been a focal point over the last ten years. Additionally, Andreeva & Garanina’s 2016 study stands out as a frequently cited work.Furthermore, the conceptualization of intellectual capital and the evolution of its dimensions were significantly influenced by foundational research. These insights, distilled from the analysis of 35 empirical research articles, enrich the ongoing discourse on intellectual capital and its connection to firm performance. It's noteworthy that human, structural, and relational capital have emerged as dominant dimensions of intellectual capital. This study underscores the importance and prevalence of intellectual capital concepts that various firms leverage to bolster their performance. Keywords: intellectual capital, firm performance, systematic review
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND THEIR EFFECTS ON BASIC MATERIAL COMPANIES IN INDONESIA

In the current situation of the globalization era, business competition is becoming increasingly fierce, which makes every firm motivated to take advantage of its potential. This study aims to explain the effect of Firm Age, Institutional Ownership, and Managerial Ownership on the firm's Financial Performance. The sample used in this study is basic material sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2017-2021. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from www.idx. co.id. Samples were taken by purposive sampling method. The method used to analyze this research is panel data analysis method. Firm Age has no effect on the firm's Financial Performance. Institutional Ownership and Managerial Ownership affects the firm's Financial Performance.
Assessing the performance of YOLOv5, YOLOv6, and YOLOv7 in road defect detection and classification: a comparative study

Road defect inspection is a crucial task in maintaining a good transportation infrastructure as road surface distress can impact user’s comfortability, reduce the lifetime of vehicles’ parts, and cause road casualties. In recent years, machine learning has been adapted widely in various fields, including object detection, thanks to its superior performance and the availability of high computing power which is generally needed for its model training. Many works have reported using machine-learning-based object detection algorithms to detect defects, such as cracks in buildings and roads. In this work, YOLOv5, YOLOv6 and YOLOv7 models have been implemented and trained using a custom dataset of road cracks and potholes and their performances have been evaluated and compared. Experiments on the dataset show that YOLOv7 has the highest performance with mAP@0.5 score of 79.0% and an inference speed of 0.47 m for 255 test images.
Design science for small scale studies: Recommendations for undergraduates and junior researchers

Design science is a research methodology that can be applied for both small scale studies at undergraduate level and for large scale application in the industry. Design science is a research methodology with several branches, with slightly different processes built around a common foundation. This paper has a focus on the branch developed by Johannesson and Perjons, and the five-phase model that is included in this branch: 1) explicate problem, 2) define requirements, 3) design and develop artefact, 4) demonstrate artefact, and 5) evaluate artefact. All these five phases must of course be carried out in a complete large-scale project in many real-world developments. However, the problem with applying a design science research project for undergraduates is that a thorough implementation of all the five phases is often too demanding for a Bachelor’s or a Master's thesis. A reason for this is that several of the phases are better carried out in an iterative manner to obtain a quality result, which is time-consuming. The aim of this paper is to discuss the challenges and opportunities in applying design science for small scale studies, such as those conducted by undergraduates in their theses or by researchers new to the field. Based on this discussion, the paper concludes with a set of recommendations for how the design science methodology can be modified and applied to accommodate these smaller studies. The main recommendation is, as the principle for quality research, to delimit and to choose a specific focus that is carried out in depth. Some examples of focuses, that also are recommended by Johannesson and Perjons, are requirements and development focused design science research or evaluation focused design science research. An interesting follow-up to this position paper would be to study the application of design science in Bachelor’s theses and where the emphasis is placed? Moreover, it would be interesting to investigate how design science is applied by researchers and compare if their emphasis in the design science methodology differs from that of undergraduates.
Characterization of Failure Behavior in Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer via Off-Axis Compression on Small Block Specimens

An experimental investigation was focused on the failure behavior of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymers when subjected to combined longitudinal/transverse compression and in-plane shear due to off-axis loading. Block-shaped and end-loaded specimens, spanning ten different fiber orientations (0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90° with respect to the loading direction), were loaded to ultimate failure using a dedicated fixture. Different failure modes, including longitudinal compression, in-plane shear, and transverse compression, were identified, along with distinctive characteristics of the corresponding failure envelopes. Four physically based failure theories—Hashin, Camanho, Puck, and LaRC05—were subjected to a comparative analysis. Criteria derived from the concept of the action plane consistently outperformed in describing matrix-dominated failures, providing both qualitative and quantitative predictions of failure stresses and fracture plane orientation. However, for fiber-dominated failures, these theories seem to fall short in providing satisfactory predictions, particularly in accurately describing the influence of shear on fiber compression failure. Although criteria based on fiber-kinking theory can reasonably explain the formation of kink bands, they tend to yield overly conservative results. Recalibrations and minor refinement based on experimental results were implemented, leading to an improved agreement. Finally, the constructive role of off-axis compression tests in characterizing the failure behavior of unidirectional composites is discussed.
Patterns of Picea mariana (Black Spruce) Growth and Raised Bog Development in Victory Basin, Vermont

Bubier, J. L. (Botany Department, Field Naturalist Program, University of Vermont, Bur? lington, VT 05405). Patterns of Picea mariana (black spruce) growth and raised bog development in Victory Basin, Vermont. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 118: 399-4ll, 1991. In Victory Basin Bog, Vermont, a distinct zonation of Picea mariana (black spruce) occurs from an adjacent stream to the bog center, typifying a pattern in bogs throughout the boreal region. Height and density of P. mariana decrease toward the bog center, but age does not. The growth rate of P. mariana is greatest near the stream and declines away from it. This gradient in the heights of P. mariana accompanies a decrease in the mineral content of bog water toward the ombrotrophic bog center and an associated gradient in plant community composition. Raised bog development and stream incision appear responsible for the bog's elevated and sloping water table. Well data indicate that the slope and seasonal fluctuations of the water table are greater below the faster growing P. mariana than below the stunted P. mariana and open bog areas. Since a minimum of 5 m of peat underlie the entire study area, tree growth rates cannot be influenced by access to nutrients from the underlying mineral substrate. Peat stratigraphy suggests lateral bog ex? pansion and stream migration since peatland initiation in post-glacial times. The dynamic interaction between peatland and stream processes continues to influence patterns of P. mariana growth and stream migration.
Decoupling of carbon dioxide and dissolved organic carbon in boreal headwater streams

Streams and rivers emit large quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. The sources of this CO2 are in‐stream mineralization of organic carbon (OC) and CO2 input via groundwater inflow, but their relative importance is largely unknown. In this study, we quantified the role of in‐stream OC mineralization as a source of CO2 in a number of nested boreal headwater streams. The results showed that mineralization of stream OC contributed 3% of CO2 supersaturation at time scales comparable to the estimated water travel times in the streams (<24 h). Mass balances showed that downstream losses of OC were ≤3% in low‐order streams, whereas up to 16% of the OC was lost in the largest (fourth order) streams. In contrast, 85% of the CO2 was lost along the stream network (longest total stream length = 17 km). Under the assumption that in‐stream OC mineralization was the main source of stream CO2, higher rates of OC mineralization (6% of OC) than those reported across the literature (≤0.7% of OC) would be required to sustain observed CO2 supersaturation. Further, model results indicated that groundwater inflows were sufficient to sustain observed stream CO2 concentrations. We hence conclude that in‐stream OC mineralization was a minor source of CO2 in these boreal headwater systems and that the main source of stream CO2 was inflowing groundwater transporting CO2 originating from soil respiration.
HANDWASHING BEHAVIOR, SNACK EATING HABITS AND E.COLI CONTAMINATION WITH DIARRHEA IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TANJUNGPINANG CITY AND CIMAHI CITY

Diarrhea is an endemic disease that has the potential to cause pandemic and is still a contributor to the mortality rate in Indonesia. The behavior of elementary school students in choosing snacks and hand washing with soap is often the cause of diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the habit of consuming snacks, hand washing behavior and E.coli contamination in snacks with the incidence of diarrhea in public elementary school students in Tanjungpinang and Cimahi, Indonesia. This study was a cross sectional design. The population in this study were all public primary school students in grades 4, 5 and 6 from 15 public primary schools in Bukit Bestari sub-district and 18 public primary schools in Cimahi Utara sub-district. Sampling was conducted using quota sampling method (30 students per school) so that the minimum number of samples reached 990 students. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that there is no relationship between hand washing and diarrhea in elementary school students. There is a relationship between the habit of eating snacks and consumption of snacks containing E.coli with the incidence of diarrhea in elementary school students
An Inverse Topological Design Method (ITDM) Based on Machine Learning for Frequency-Selective-Surface (FSS) Structures

To efficiently and conveniently realize the topology design with many degrees of freedom (DoFs), this work proposes an inverse topological design method (ITDM) based on machine learning for frequency-selective-surface (FSS) structures from a novel perspective. In the proposed ITDM, the input is a set of desired $\vert \text{S}11\vert $ curves, and the output is the predicted FSS structure presented as an image to directly reveal the distribution of binary pixels in the modeling domain. To obtain the training dataset, an efficient training dataset construction strategy is proposed based on several classical FSS structures. The advantage of this approach is that the training samples can be guaranteed with high-quality; thus, the convergence of the model is faster. Two numerical examples of single-layer and double-layer FSS structures involving large numbers of binary variables (900 and 1800, respectively) are employed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed ITDM. Meanwhile, the fabricated topological structures are also measured to verify the performance of a designed FSS obtained from ITDM.
Therapeutic Targeting of Glioblastoma and the Interactions with Its Microenvironment

Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumour. Patients with GBM have a dismal survival and there is a distinct lack of curative treatments. We are increasingly understanding that the GBM tumour is composed not only of tumour cells but a complex tumour microenvironment (TME) of neuronal, glial and immune cells. Research into this area is important because the diversity of tumour cells and interactions with the TME contribute to the aggressiveness and treatment resistance of GBM. In this work, we review the multiple types of cells forming GBM and their interactions and provide examples of how our improved understanding can suggest potential new treatment strategies for this devastating disease. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumour, and it confers a dismal prognosis despite intensive multimodal treatments. Whilst historically, research has focussed on the evolution of GBM tumour cells themselves, there is growing recognition of the importance of studying the tumour microenvironment (TME). Improved characterisation of the interaction between GBM cells and the TME has led to a better understanding of therapeutic resistance and the identification of potential targets to block these escape mechanisms. This review describes the network of cells within the TME and proposes treatment strategies for simultaneously targeting GBM cells, the surrounding immune cells, and the crosstalk between them.
A study of basement structures and onshore-offshore correlations in Central Norway

A combined interpretation of gravity, aeromagnetic and petrophysical data is reported. The estimated depths to the top of the crys talline basement in the More Bas in show that the sedimentary deposits are thicker than 14 km. In the More Basin, the basement features reveal a deeply buried, rift­ related relief at pre-Cretaceous, or possibly Jurassic, leve! On the Trondelag Platform, a series of structural highs and lows with NE-SW and NNE­ SSW strike, modified by N-S relief, occur. From the aeromagnetic map, the oldest (Devonian) extensional structures have been interpreted to extend from the land on to the shelf. The detachments exhibit a NNW-SSE trend in the shelf, which is locally modified by ENE-WSW-to NE-SW-trending synforms and antiforms, and by the post-Devonian faulting. Regional gravity modelling has been performed along the only modem seismic reflec­ tion line that crosses the Scandinavian mountains. The combined analysis of the deep seismic data and gravity modelling, constrained by density data, indicates that the negative Bouguer anomalies approximately ali gned al ang the axis of the Scandinavian mountains are the combined effect of: l) Mo ho topography and 2) Lateral density variations between the Western Gneiss Region, the Transcandinavian Igneous Belt and rocks of the Sve­ cofennian domain. This suggests a combined Airy- and Pratt type of isostatic compensation/mas s balancing of the central Scandinavian mountains. Several high-amplitude magnetic anomalies on land and in the adjacent eastern continental shelf are interpreted to represent high-grade rocks. These occur along same of the major fault wnes and known rift flanks, possibly in association with basement antiforms.
Effects of Flooding on Amassoma Flood Plain benthic macro-invertebrates Niger Delta, Nigeria

The Effects of Flooding on Amassoma Flood Plain benthic macro-invertebrates in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria was studied for a period of six months (November – December, 2012 and January, 2013 for the dry season and April, May and June; 2013 for the Wet season) and compared with results obtained from similar studies. A total of Twenty-seven (27 benthic macro-invertebrate species belonging to fourteen (14) families were present in both before and after flooding. These include: NAIDIDAE: Ophisdonias serpentine, Dera sp, Paranais sp, Uncinais uncinata and Styleria lacustris; LUMBRICIDAE: Eiseniella tetrahida and Lumbricus variegates; NEREIDAE: Nereis virens, Nereis diversicolor and Nereis pelagic; CAPITELLIDAE: Nephthys hombergi; CAPITELLIDAE: Capitella capitta, Notomastus tenuis and Notomastus latericeus; EUNICIDAE: Marphysa sp; GLYCERIDAE: Glycera capitata and Glycera convolute; ARENICOLIDAE: Arenicola marina and Polydora capensis; SYLLIDAE: Syllis profera; GAMMARIDAE: Gammarus lacustra; PANAIDAE: Paneus notialis; CHIRONOMIDAE: Chironomous sp; POTAMIDAE: Tympanotosonus fuscatus and Pachmelania fusca and TELLIDAE: Tellina nymphalis, Loripes sp and Tegalus andersoni. Benthic macro-invertebrate population also increased significantly after the flooding though there was no significant variation between sampling stations.
Alienated Citizens: Hegel and Marx on Civil Society

In my paper, I use Jon Stewart’s recent analysis of the relationship between Hegel’s and Marx’s philosophy concerning the issues of alienation and recognition as a starting point for tackling the issue of alienation within civil society. I present key issues in Hegel’s presentation of civil society in the Philosophy of Right and Marx’s critique of this presentation. I argue that although both accounts are deficient, together they eloquently present the contradictory features of civil society once it attains political character. Ultimately, I concur with Stewart’s thesis about the long-term Hegelian influence, and I argue that the rival explanations of civil society of Hegel and Marx are still revealing even today and can significantly contribute to self-understanding within contemporary liberal democracy.
Population Dynamics and Harvest Management of the Continental Northern Pintail Population

1. Executive Summary Pursuant to requests from the Service Regulations Committee and the Pacific Flyway Council, we reviewed available information about northern pintail (Anas acuta) demography, population dynamics, and harvest. Based on this review, we suggest that several technical improvements in our ability to model pintail harvest dynamics be considered. In addition, we undertook an effort to evaluate pintail harvest potential based on these model improvements and to explore the impacts of these improvements on past and future pintail harvest management policy. Notable findings from this report, especially those that might warrant comment, are summarized below.