Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of wastewater temperature and concentration of organic compounds on the efficiency of ammonium nitrogen removal in a household treatment plant servicing a school building

: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the temperature of wastewater in a biological reactor with activated sludge and the BOD 5 /N-NH 4 ratio in the in ﬂ uent to the treatment plant on nitri ﬁ cation ef ﬁ ciency and the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in treated wastewater. Tests were carried out in a household wastewater treatment plant which collects and treats sewage from a school building and a teacher’s house. During the 3-year study, large ﬂ uctuations in the sewage temperature in bioreactor were noted which was closely related to the ambient temperature. There were also large ﬂ uctuations in the concentration of organic matter and the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in in ﬂ owing sewage. The in ﬂ uence of wastewater temperature in the bioreactor and the BOD 5 /N-NH 4 ratio on the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in treated wastewater was determined using Pearson’s linear correlation. A statistical analysis showed that a 1°C decrease in the temperature of wastewater in the bioreactor increased the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in treated wastewater by 2.64 mgN-NH 4 ∙ L
Impact of Corporate Governance on Performance of Privatized Firms; Evidence from Non-Financial Sector of Pakistan

: The focus of this study is to reveal the impact of corporate governance on performance of privatized firms. Firm performance has been used as dependent variable, while corporate governance used as an independent variable. Firm performance has been measured with return on asset, return on equity and net profit margin, while corporate governance measured with proportion of independent directors, CEO/Chairman’s duality, board size, firm age and firm size. The sample of the study has been consisted of 22 companies from non-financial sector of Pakistan. The data of privatized companies for five years from 2006 to 2010 on monthly bases has been used in the study. Data was collected from the annual reports of companies and balance sheet analysis of State Bank of Pakistan (SBP). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation matrix and cross sectional regression techniques have been used for the analysis purpose. Results of the study showed that proportion of independent directors has not significant impact on firm performance. CEO/Chairman duality has partial significant impact on firm performance. Board size also did not show significant relationship with firm performance. Firm age has showed significant results except in terms of net profit margin. Firm size has significant results in respect of all measures of firm performance.
of and evolution of mycorrhizas within Mucoromycota.

Endogonales composed of Endogonaceae and Densosporaceae, is the only known non-Dikarya order with ectomycorrhizal members. They also form mycorrhizal-like association with some non-Spermatophyte plants. It has been recently proposed that Endogonales were among the earliest mycorrhizal partners with land plants. It remains Endogonales genomes mycorrhizal-lifestyle Endogonales around the land (SSPs). We inferred Endogonaceae estimated the ages Endogonaceae plant-cell-wall-degrading phylogenetic analyses to confirm the placement of Endogonaceae within Mucoromycota and determine the ages of the most recent common ancestors (MRCAs) of Endogonaceae and Endogonales. These data can be used to compare the origin of Endogonales to that of Glomeromycotina to test whether Endogonales was a potential symbiont of the earliest land plants. 2) Determine whether Endogonaceae genomes show signatures of the EcM lifestyle, including large genome size due to TE expansions, reduction in the diversity of plant-cell-wall-degrading enzymes (PCWDE), and diversification of SSPs that might function in the mycorrhizal symbiosis. EcM fungi within Ascomycota and Basidiomycota evolved from decomposers of plant substrates and show a striking decrease in PCWDE, but the ecological context of Endogonaceae evolution has not been characterized in a phylogenomic paradigm. 3) Characterize the microbial communities associated with Endogonaceae sporocarps and determine whether metagenomes of Endogonaceae harbor MRE symbionts.
Three-body charmless baryonic ¯ B 0 s decays

We study for the ﬁrst time the three-body charmless baryonic decays ¯ B 0 s → ¯ p Λ M + ( p ¯Λ M − ), with M = π, K . We ﬁnd that the branching ratios of ¯ B 0 s → (¯ p Λ K + and p ¯Λ K − ) and ¯ B 0 s → p ¯Λ π − are (5 . 1 ± 1 . 1) × 10 − 6 and (2 . 8 ± 1 . 5) × 10 − 7 , respectively, which agree with recent experimental results reported by the LHCb collaboration. In addition, we derive the relations B ( ¯ B 0 s → ¯ p Λ K + ) ≃ ( f K /f π ) 2 ( τ B 0 s /τ B 0 ) B ( ¯ B 0 → ¯ p Λ π + ) and B ( ¯ B 0 s → p ¯Λ π − ) / B ( ¯ B 0 s → p ¯Λ K − ) ≃ B ( B − → p ¯ pπ − ) / B ( B − → p ¯ pK − ) to be confronted to future experimental measurements. The fact that all four processes B 0 s , ¯ B 0 s → p ¯Λ K − , ¯ p Λ K + can occur opens the possibility of decay-time-dependent CP violation measurements in baryonic B decays, something that had not been realised before.
intermediate results: XXXIX. the list of high-redshift source candidates

The Planck mission, thanks to its large frequency range and all-sky coverage, has a unique potential for systematically detecting the brightest, and rarest, submillimetre sources on the sky, including distant objects in the high-redshift Universe traced by their dust emission. A novel method, based on a component-separation procedure using a combination of Planck and IRAS data, has been applied to select the most luminous cold submillimetre sources with spectral energy distributions peaking between 353 and 857 GHz at 5 ′ resolution. A total of 2151 Planck high- z source candidates (the “PHZ”) have been detected in the cleanest 26 % of the sky, with ﬂux density at 545 GHz above 500 mJy. Embedded in the cosmic infrared background close to the confusion limit, these high- z candidates exhibit colder colours than their surroundings, consistent with redshifts z > 2, assuming a dust temperature of T xgal = 35 K and a spectral index of β xgal = 1 . 5. First follow-up observations obtained from optical to submillimetre wavelengths have conﬁrmed that this list consists of two distinct populations. A small fraction (around 3 %) of the sources have been identiﬁed as strongly gravitationally lensed star-forming galaxies, which are amongst the brightest submm lensed objects (with ﬂux density at 545 GHz ranging from 350 mJy up to 1 Jy) at redshift 2 to 4. However, the vast majority of the PHZ sources appear as overdensities of dusty star-forming galaxies, having colours consistent with z > 2, and may be considered as proto-cluster candidates. The PHZ provides an original sample, which is complementary to the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Catalogue (PSZ2); by extending the population of the virialized massive galaxy clusters detected with their SZ signal below z < 1 . 5 to a population of sources at z > 1 . 5, the PHZ may contain the progenitors of today’s clusters. Hence the Planck List of High-redshift Source Candidates opens a new window on the study of the early ages of structure formation, and the understanding of the intensively star-forming phase at high- z .
Acquired from Experience

The present study investigated whether memory for a room-sized spatial layout learned through auditory localization of sounds exhibits orientation dependence similar to that observed for spatial memory acquired from stationary viewing of the environment. Participants learned spatial layouts by viewing objects or localizing sounds and then performed judgments of relative direction among remembered locations. Results showed that direction judgments following auditory learning were most accurately performed at a particular orientation in the same way as those following visual learning, indicating that auditorily encoded spatial memory is orientation dependent. In combination with previous findings that spatial memories derived from haptic and proprioceptive experiences are also orientation dependent, the present finding suggests that orientation dependence is a general functional property of human spatial memory independent of learning modality.
Supplementary Material for “Entropy and mutual information in models of deep neural networks”

1 Replica formula for the entropy 2 1.1 Background . 2 1.2 Entropy in single/multi-layer generalized linear models . 3 1.3 A simple heuristic derivation of the multi-layer formula . 4 1.4 Formulation in terms of tractable integrals . 5 1.5 Solving saddle-point equations . 7 1.6 Further considerations . 9
MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY IN EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM THE ORAL CAVITY AND URINARY TRACT IN MALE SMOKERS AND NON-SMOKERS

the of ABSTRACT The present work was conducted to investigate the possible use of epithelial cells from the oral cavity and urinary tract in identifying smoking-related effects in men. Epithelial cells from the oral cavity and urinary tract were collected from 25 smoking and 25 non-smoking men and subjected to micronucleus assay. The DNA damage (cells with micronuclei and nuclear buds), binucleated cells, condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, pyknotic and karyolytic cells were observed after DNA specific staining. The analysis revealed the frequency of binucleated cells and condensed chromatin cells in 25 studied men with smoking habit, statistically significant differences were noted only in epithelial cells from the oral cavity in comparison to those of the urinary tract. In non-smokers the results demonstrated no differences in cytogenetic damage frequency in denaturation. One slide was incubated in distilled water as a negative control to check efficiency of the 5M HCl treatment. The cells - stained by Schiff's reagent for 90minutes in the dark and at roomtemperature and then counterstained in 0.2% (wt/vol) Light Green solution for 30 seconds in the case of buccal cells and 60 seconds in the case of urothelial cells. Dehydration in absolute ethanol protected cells against fading. Dried microscopic slides were mounted in DPX medium.
SINGLE-INHALER TRIPLE THERAPY FOR COPD EXACERBATION

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema and is characterized by airflow limitation. Triple inhaled therapy consists of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs), and long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists (LAMAs) has been recommended for COPD patients who still have clinically significant symptoms following the use of a dual inhaler with LABA plus LAMA or LABA plus ICS and those who have a higher risk of exacerbation. Studies have shown that triple inhaled therapy has positive effects on lung function and COPD symptoms as compared with dual therapy. This review concludes that triple inhaled therapy is more effective than dual therapy for COPD patients.
Links DNA Damage Signaling during Antigenic Variation with Regulation of I-Transcribed Antigen

d the repair d evasion d Monoallelic RNA polymerase I VSG expression is undermined by ATR d of subtelomeric This work shows that ATR acts in antigenic variation both through DNA damage signaling and surface antigen expression control. PBS Chameleon Duo Pre-Stained Protein Ladder (2 m l; Li-Cor) was loaded to conﬁrm protein sizes. secondary goat anti-mouse Li-Cor).
infection in

Landscape anthropization has been identified as one of the main drivers of pathogen emergence worldwide, facilitating pathogen spillover between domestic species and wildlife. The present study investigated Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection using molecular methods in 98 free-ranging wild guignas ( Leopardus guigna ) and 262 co-occurring owned, free-roaming rural domestic cats. We also assessed landscape anthropization variables as potential drivers of infection. Protoparvovirus DNA 47 was detected in guignas across their entire distribution range, with (two cats), CPV-2a (one cat). The CVP-2c-like sequence found in a guigna clustered together with 55 domestic cat and dog CPV-2c sequences from South America, suggesting possible spillover from a domestic to a wild species as the origin of infection in guigna. No clinical signs of disease were found 57 in PCR-positive animals except for a CPV-2c-infected guigna, which had hemorrhagic diarrhea and 58 died a few days after arrival at a wildlife rescue center. Our findings reveal widespread presence of Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 across the guigna distribution in Chile and suggest that virus 60 transmission potentially occurs from domestic to wild carnivores, causing severe disease and death in 61 susceptible wild guignas.
How do predators generalise warning signals in simple and complex prey communities? 1 Insights from a videogame 2

19 The persistence of distinct warning signals within and between sympatric mimetic 20 communities is a puzzling evolutionary question because selection favours convergence of 21 colour patterns among toxic species. Such convergence is partly shaped by predators’ reaction 22 to similar but not identical stimulus, i.e. generalisation behaviour. Thus, generalisation by 23 predators is likely to be shaped by the diversity of local prey. However, studying 24 generalisation behaviour is generally limited to simple variations of prey colour patterns. 25 Here, we used a computer game played by humans as surrogate predators to investigate 26 generalisation behaviours in simple (4 morphs) and complex (10 morphs) communities of 27 unprofitable (associated with a penalty) and profitable butterflies. Colour patterns used in the 28 game are observed in natural populations of unprofitable butterfly species such as H. numata. 29 Analyses of 449 game participants’ behaviours show that players avoided unprofitable prey 30 more readily in simple than in complex communities. However, generalisation was observed 31 only in players that faced complex communities, enhancing protection of profitable prey that 32 looked similar to at least one unprofitable morph. Additionally, similarity among unprofitable 33 prey also reduced attack rates only in complex communities. These results are consistent with 34 previous studies using avian predators but artificial colour patterns, and suggest that mimicry 35 is more likely to evolve in complex communities where increases in similarity are more likely 36 to be advantageous.
IDEATIONAL REPRESENTATIONS OF EDENTULISM AND PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE ELDERLY

Objective: To identify the ideational representations of upper and/or lower edentulous elders regarding tooth loss and oral prosthetic rehabilitation. Methods: Qualitative study conducted between January and March 2011 with seven elders living in a Public Long-term Care Institution in Recife, PE, and 14 elders attending the Dental Prosthesis Clinic of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE (Federal University of Pernambuco). Data were collected through semi-structured interview and underwent content analysis. Results : The results enabled to identify that, for the elders, the teeth contribute to health and facilitate the social interactions, while edentulism has been associated with a plurality of negative feelings. Regarding prosthetic rehabilitation, they emphasized the harms to health due to poorly fitted dental prosthesis. Conclusion: The elderly believe that edentulism and prosthetic rehabilitation are mainly associated with a mechanistic concept of the profession that is widely spread among the professionals who focus more on curative Dentistry at the expense of prevention. In this context, so that aging can be considered a stage of life with the same qualities and difficulties of any other stage, we suggest that managers and health professionals themselves should undertake a humanizing and preventive dental practice in order to provide the minimum requirements for an aging with dignity. para el envejecimiento con
D O D IFFERENCES IN I NSTITUTIONAL AND L EGAL E NVIRONMENTS E XPLAIN C ROSS -C OUNTRY V ARIATIONS IN IPO U NDERPRICING ?

We empirically analyze the determinants of Initial Public Offering (IPO) underpricing using panel data for 29 countries over the period 1988-2005. Our hypotheses stress the importance of institutional and legal factors in explaining cross-country variations. We find that increased protection of shareholders and greater accounting transparency contribute negatively to variations in underpricing. When more information is available price discovery is facilitated, allowing for more effective corporate governance. Moreover, when equity markets perform well, investors anticipate companies and investment banks to time the market and require higher underpricing in return. Overall, we conclude that better investor protection and better institutional environments reduce the perceived risk of investing, and attenuate the problem of asymmetric information, thereby causing lower underpricing across countries. The results suggest that with a higher importance of the stock market relative to the overall level of GDP one can observe higher underpricing. While we hypothesized a higher stage of development to be associated with less underpricing, our results show the exact opposite. This provides evidence in favour of
Investment-Specific Technology Shocks and Recursive Preferences

Investment-specific technology (IST) shocks have been shown to play a significant role in explaining the business cycle dynamics of the US economy. Recently a debate has arisen over the extent to which these shocks aid our understanding of international business cycles as well. This paper presents an international business cycle model where agents have recursive preferences, and shows that this specification of preferences plays a crucial role for the impact of IST shocks on the joint dynamics of international prices and quantities. The most striking result is that the model generates real exchange rate fluctuations that exhibit both a high volatility relative to output and are uncorrelated with relative consumptions across countries.
The Adoption of Mobile Short Message Services: Implications for The Adoption of Mobile Short Message Services: Implications for Managing Value-Added Services in the Telecommunications Managing Value-Added Services in the Telecommunications Industry Industry

: This paper empirically explores several variables associated with the adoption of mobile short message services (SMS) from the consumer perspective. The results suggest that perceived usefulness, ease of use, behavioral control and reliability significantly explain the consumers’ behavioral intention to use the mobile message services. The findings have practical implications for managing the value-added services in the telecommunications industry.
Are you suggesting that’s my hand? The relation between hypnotic suggestibility and the rubber Short Report

Hypnotic suggestibility (HS) is the ability to respond automatically to suggestions and to experience alterations in perception and behaviour. Hypnotically suggestible participants are also better able to focus and sustain their attention on an experimental stimulus. The present study explores the relation between HS and susceptibility to the rubber hand illusion (RHI). Based on previous research with visual illusions, it was predicted that higher HS would lead to a stronger RHI illusion. Two behavioural output measures of the RHI, an implicit (proprioceptive drift) and an explicit (RHI questionnaire) measure were correlated against HS scores. Hypnotic suggestibility correlated positively with the implicit RHI measure contributing to 30% of the variation. However, there was no relation between HS and the explicit RHI questionnaire measure, or with compliance control items. High hypnotic suggestibility may facilitate, via attentional mechanisms, the multisensory integration of visuoproprioceptive inputs that leads to greater perceptual mislocalisation of a participant’s hand. These results may provide insight into the multisensory brain mechanisms involved in our sense of embodiment.
Posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth and their Posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth and their relationship to coping and self-efficacy in Northwest Australian relationship to coping and self-efficacy in Northwest Australian Cyclone communities Cyclone communities

The main focus of disaster research conducted to date has been on providing insights into the negative consequences of experiencing a serious threat or adversity. The present study extends this research endeavour by investigating the positive post-trauma resiliency experiences of 512 survey respondents living in four cyclone prone communities in Northwest Australia. The findings reveal that disaster stress is often accompanied by disaster growth and, thus, provides an alternative resilience-based way of viewing post-disaster interventions.
Conflict in cross-functional IT project teams: The amplifying roles of functional background diversity

Conflicts pervade IT project teams and can be detrimental to team performance. Team diversity affects conflicts and team performance but its role is ambivalent. The moderating role of functional background diversity (FBD) on conflicts and team performance is explored via a hierarchical linear modelling analysis of 200 participants from 41 cross-functional IT project teams. Results corroborate the complexity of relationships between diversity, conflict, and performance by showing that the effect of FBD is contingent on the type of conflicts: FBD does not heighten the adverse effect of relationship conflicts on team performance, but it does amplify the detrimental effect of task conflicts. The study provides evidence that diversity attributes can play a moderating rather than a direct or mediating role on team performance. Moreover, the study’s systematic and combined application of several conceptual and methodological recommendations addresses limitations of past studies and underscores the importance of adopting a more nuanced and rigorous approach to examining diversity in teams.
Pyrazinamide–isoniazid hybrid: synthesis optimisation, characterisation, and antituberculous activity

Over time, the effective resistance mechanisms to various first- and second-line drugs against the disease of tuberculosis make its treatment extremely difficult. This work presents a new approach to synthesizing a hybrid of antituberculosis medications: isoniazid (INH) and pyrazinamide (PZA). The synthesis was performed using ultrasound-assisted synthesis to obtain an overall yield of 70%, minimizing the reaction time from 7 to 1 h. The evaluation of the biological activity of the hybrid (compound 2) was tested using the tetrazolium microplate assay (TEMA), showing inhibition in the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv at a concentration of 0.025 mM at pH 6.0 and 6.7.
the Zinc

The zinc ﬁnger associated domain (ZAD), present in almost 100 distinct proteins, characterizes the largest subgroup of C2H2 zinc ﬁnger proteins in Drosophila melanogaster and was initially found to be encoded by arthropod genomes only. Here, we report that the ZAD was also present in the last common ancestor of arthropods and vertebrates, and that vertebrate genomes contain a single conserved gene that codes for a ZAD-like peptide. Comparison of the ZAD proteomes of several arthropod species revealed an extensive and species-speciﬁc expansion of ZAD-coding genes in higher holometabolous insects, and shows that only few ZAD-coding genes with essential functions in Drosophila melanogaster are conserved. Furthermore, at least 50% of the ZAD-coding genes of Drosophila melanogaster are expressed in the female germline, suggesting a function in oocyte development and/or a requirement during early embryogenesis. Since the majority of the essential ZAD coding genes of Drosophila melanogaster were not conserved during arthropod or at least during insect evolution, we propose that the LSE of ZAD-coding genes shown here may provide the raw material for the evolution of new functions that allow organisms to pursue novel evolutionary paths.