Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facile synthesis of P2-type Na0.4Mn0.54Co0.46O2 as a high capacity cathode material for sodium-ion batteries

Sodium-ion batteries have received great attention because of the abundant sodium resources and low cost. As a typical kind of cathode material for Na-ion batteries, sodium manganese oxides have shown great potential in cathode application due to their high specific capacity and good rate capability. Herein, we successfully synthesized P2-type Na0.4Mn0. 54Co0.46O2 nanosheets via a two-step annealing route. The morphology and structural information of the Na0.4Mn0. 54Co0.46O2 products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) technologies. The electrochemical performances of Na0.4Mn0. 54Co0.46O2 were measured by charge–discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). As the cathode for Na-ion batteries, the layered Na0.4Mn0. 54Co0.46O2 nanosheets showed a high second charge capacity of 194 mA h g−1 and delivered a specific capacity of 125 mA h g−1 at a current of 20 mA g−1 after 60 cycles.
Imaging the dynamic architecture of chromatin at the single cell level

Chromatin structure and cellular function are tightly linked in the nucleus of mammalian cells. Disruption of chromatin spatial organisation dramatically affects the life of a cell and eventually leads to severe pathologies in entire organisms. Two nuclear factors, CTCF and Cohesin, have been found to play a crucial role in the regulation and maintenance of DNA architecture. Huge advancements have been made in the understanding of the mechanisms behind chromatin arrangement but the field is still lacking a dynamic picture at the single cell and single molecule level. This study provide this study provides insight into the dynamics of CTCF and Cohesin through single particle tracking of CTCF and Cohesin dynamics achieved with single molecule tracking in living mouse embryonic stem cells. The interplay between these two factors was studied by looking at Cohesin’s behaviour in the absence of CTCF and in the context of other biological alterations.
Aspectos agronômicos de leguminosas para adubação verde no Cerrado do Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha

The intensive and inadequate use of soils accelerates its degradation, requiring the intervention by means of conservation practices to restore the productive capacity of the same. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior and development of different legumes used as green manure in soils of the Cerrado, High Jequitinhonha Valley in Turmalina, MG. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with seven treatments and four replications, the treatments were the leguminous: Mucuna nivea, Mucuna aterrima, Dolichos lablab, Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis and Cajanus cajan. The early cycle of Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis and Canavalia ensiformis, favors the insertion of these in cropping systems. At 40 days, the Canavalia ensiformis and Mucuna nivea stood out to cover the soil with 67 and 63 %, the Cajanus cajan and Crotalaria juncea presented the highest development in this period. The contents of N, P and K tend to decrease in the evaluations realized in different vegetative stages, which contributes to better choice of the time management of legumes. Crotalaria juncea, Mucuna nivea, Canavalia ensiformis and Mucuna aterrima, were the leguminous that stood out for fitomass production, making these promising species for green manure in the region. The leguminous in your mostly, presents potential for recycling of macronutrients and the contribution of N to production systems.
State estimation for continuous emulsion polymerization

Various aspects of the use of extended Kalman Filters for tracking the states of continuous emulsion polymerization reactors are investigated. The importance of introducing meaningful nonstationary stochastic states to account for unknown impurities, initiator efficiencies, modelling errors, etc. is illustrated. The robustness of these state estimators to unmodelled and unmeasured disturbances, to modelling errors, and to input errors is evaluated. A procedure for selecting an optimal set of on-line sensors is presented. The emulsion polymerization of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is used as the example system. On a etudie divers aspects de l'utilisation des filtres de Kalman generalises pour le reperage des etats des reacteurs de polymerisation d'emulsions continus. On illustre l'importance d'introduire des etats stochastiques non stationnaires significatifs pour prendre en consideration les impuretes inconnues, l'efficacite des initiateurs, les erreurs de moderation, etc. La robustesse de ces estimateurs d'etat pour les perturbations non modelisees et non mesurees, les erreurs de modelisation et les erreurs d'entree, est evaluee. On presente une methode pour la selection d'un ensemble optimal de capteurs en ligne. Le systeme emulsion-polymerisation du caoutchouc de styrene-butadiene (SBR) est pris comme exemple.
Anaerobic Co-digestion of Fruit and Vegetable Waste and Sewage Sludge

Fruit and vegetable wastes are generated in large quantities around the world. This kind of residue constitutes a source of nuisance in municipal landfills because of its high biodegradability. Another residue that is generated in large quantities around the world and also constitutes a source of nuisance is the sewage sludge. Both residues can be treated together by the anaerobic co-digestion process. In this sense, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the anaerobic co-digestion of fruit and vegetable waste and sewage sludge, in order to monitor the waste stabilization time and the biogas generation, among others. The study was conducted in a 70 litter stainless steel anaerobic reactor, with no mixing system, at room temperature (25±5ºC), during a period of 105 days. The fruit and vegetable wastes were collected in a central distribution market for food, and were shredded and blended before the experiment. The seed inoculum was collected in an anaerobic domestic sewage station of treatment. The parameters analyzed were: chemical oxygen demand, C/N and C/N/P ratios, pH, alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, and biogas generation. The results showed that the chemical oxygen demand was reduced around 20%. The parameters, pH, alkalinity and volatile fatty acids were stabilized, but the C/N wasnt stabilized. The final value obtained for C/N ratio was around 20/1. The biogas generation was around 331 litters and most of the biogas production occurred during the first month of the experiment. The low chemical oxygen demand removal, the high C/N ratio and the biogas generation almost always in the first few days of the experiment probably indicate that this residue, although being organic, presents difficulties in its degradation, maybe because of the high organic load that was applied to the reactor. The fact of the reactor being disproved by a mixing system can also have contributed to the low residue degradation.
Synthesis and characterization of chiral poly(alkyl isocyanates) by coordination polymerization using a chiral half‐titanocene complex

A new chiral half-titanocene complex, [CpTiCl2(O-(S)−2-Bu)], is synthesized and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. This complex is employed for the coordination polymerization of n-butyl and n-hexyl- isocyanate leading to chiral polymers, as revealed by their CD spectra. Only the left-handed helix is produced, due to the chiral (S)−2-butoxy group, which is bound to the polymer chain end. The polymerization of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate produces less soluble polymers. On the other hand, phenyl isocyanate reacts slowly with the complex leading quantitatively and selectively to triphenyl isocyanurate. 2-Ethylhexyl isocyanate is slowly and selectively cyclotrimerized in the presence of the half-titanocene complex. However, a statistical copolymer of 2-ethylhexyl isocyanate and hexyl isocyanate is produced. The reaction of benzyl isocyanate with the complex leads to a mixture of low molecular weight polymer and cyclotrimer. The polymers are characterized using SEC, NMR, and CD spectroscopy and their thermal properties are investigated by TGA/DSC analysis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 2141–2151
Fourier Self-Deconvolution Analysis of β-Sheet Contents in the Amide I Region of Hemoglobin Aqueous Solutions under Exposure to 900 MHz Microwaves and Bioprotective Effectiveness of Sugar and Salt Solutions

Spectroscopic Fourier self-deconvolution analysis was used to investigate β-sheet features in the secondary structure of hemoglobin under mobile phone microwaves at 900 MHz. To this end, four samples of hemoglobin in bidistilled water, sucrose, trehalose, and sodium chloride aqueous solutions were exposed for up to 4 hr to 900 MHz microwaves at an average H-field intensity of 42 mA/m. Quantitative spectral analyses highlighted significant increases in β-sheet contents in the Amide I region of hemoglobin samples in bidistilled water solution, but no appreciable change was observed in hemoglobin samples in sucrose, trehalose, and sodium chloride solutions. These results led us to conclude that mobile phone microwaves can denaturate hemoglobin in bidistilled water solution whereas sucrose, trehalose, and sodium chloride solutions produce a protective effect against microwaves, preserving the protein from unfolding.
Identifikasi Kearifan Lokal Kalimantan Selatan Sebagai Sumber Belajar Fisika Kelas X

Penulisan makalah bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan berbagai kearifan lokal kalimantan selatan yang dapat dijadikan sumber belajar Fisika kelas X. Metode penulisan makalah ini adalah analisis kepustakaan. Proses pembelajaran dalam dunia pendidikan bukan sekedar sebagai suatu transfer ilmu dari pendidik ke peserta didik, melainkan juga merupakan suatu proses pelestarian budaya bangsa. Peserta didik sebagai pewaris budaya bangsa harus diperkenalkan dengan kearifan lokal daerah dalam setiap pembelajaran di sekolah. Kalimantan Selatan memiliki beragam kearifan lokal yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar mata pelajaran Fisika kelas X diantaranya: Baingkaan untuk materi gerak parabola, Payung Sinoman Haderah untuk materi gerak melingkar, Gerobak Sapi dari Pelaihari untuk materi usaha energi, Balogo dan Bagasing untuk materi momentum dan impuls, Baayun Maulid untuk materi gaya dan getaran. Dengan demikian, proses pembelajaran fisika akan menjadi lebih kontekstual dengan menggunakan kearifan lokal sebagai sumber belajar.
Macroevolutionary Diversification of Multivariate Body Plan in a Prominent Lizard Adaptive Radiation

Natural selection theory predicts that similar ecological pressures can result in similar phenotypes evolving in distantly related species through a process known as convergent evolution. Although there are many described cases of species adaptively evolving similar phenotypes in response to the same habitats (i.e., “ecomorphs”), this is not a universal outcome of natural selection. Liolaemus lizards embody an exceptional example of adaptive radiation where, thus far, studies have not identified any evidence of ecomorphological evolution. Why some lineages display such signals of convergent evolution while others do not remains an open question. Here, shape was more accurately quantified by using geometric morphometrics (as opposed to the linear measures of morphology used previously) to address the question of whether Liolaemus lizards have undergone convergent evolution in body morphology and to conduct phylogenetic modelling to quantify patterns and rates of multivariate morphological evolution in this radiation. Further to this, the effect of diet and parity mode on morphology were explored. The morphometric analysis produced three principal component (PC) axes that explained over 10% of variance. Each axis captures different changes in shape; PC1 shows a reduction in relative head size when the body becomes wider and more elongated and vice versa. PC2 shows changes in the width of the body, with little change in the length of the body and of changes in the head. PC3 shows lengthening in the posterior of the body while there is a pinching towards the front of the body and an increase in relative head size and vice versa. Results generally showed no significant separation in body shape between microhabitat groups, and thus suggest ecomorphs are not present. Diet and parity groups were significantly separated, however, not when phylogeny was included in the analyses. Phylogenetic macroevolutionary analyses were used to develop an understanding of the evolution of biodiversity. OU models of evolution were found to be the best fitting evolutionary models in explanation of the evolution of shape within Liolaemus when BM, OU, δ and κ models were fit. Phenotypic rate variation showed some increases in rate of evolution on PC1 whereas PC2 and PC3 showed decreases. PGLS showed a significant relationship between SVL and PC1 and for SVL and PC2 when microhabitat, parity and diet were included. Pairwise comparisons showed a significant difference between insectivorous and herbivorous species for SVL and PC1 open-ground shrubs and open ground species for SVL and PC2. The best fitting model 9 for PC1 and PC2 included microhabitat and diet, but not parity, for PC3 the best fitting model included diet and parity, but not microhabitat. Results suggest the lack of an ecomorphological relationship could be a consequence of other ecological factors exerting a stronger pressure on the evolution of morphology or that the adaptations are present but methodologies are not appropriate to identify them.
Lithium-Aluminum Alloy Electrodes in Lithium Chlorate.

Abstract : To prevent lithium dendrite growth during cycling of Li electrodes in molten LiClO3 at 140 C, a Li-Al electrode in cells of the type Li/LiClO3/liAl has been investigated. Two discharge plateaus, one about 0.42V and the other about 0.20V versus a lithium wire, were obtained. No lithium dendrites were observed. Continued cycling caused the lithium-aluminum electrode to break down to particles or grains. The corrosion of isolated Al grains during operation of a Li-Al electrode was confirmed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA) analysis on a white precipitate formed where the alloy electrode had been. (Author)
Source characterization of biomass burning particles: The combustion of selected European conifers, African hardwood, savanna grass, and German and Indonesian peat

[1] We carried out a detailed size-resolved chemical characterization of particle emissions from the combustion of European conifer species, savanna grass, African hardwood, and German and Indonesian peat. Combustion particles were sampled using two sets of five-stage Berner-type cascade impactors after a buffer volume and a dilution tunnel. We determined the emission factors of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC, 46–6700 mg kg−1, sum of five stages), water-insoluble organic carbon (WISOC, 1300–6100 mg kg−1), (apparent) elemental carbon (ECa, 490–1800 mg kg−1), inorganic ions (68–400 mg kg−1), n-alkanes (0.38–910 mg kg−1), n-alkenes (0.45–180 mg kg−1), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (1.4–28 mg kg−1), oxy-PAHs (0.08-1.0 mg kg−1), lignin decomposition products (59–620 mg kg−1), nitrophenols (1.4–31 mg kg−1), resin acids (0–110 mg kg−1), and cellulose and hemicellulose decomposition products (540–5900 mg kg−1). The combustion and particle emission characteristics of both of peat were significantly different from those of the other biofuels. Peat burning yielded significantly higher emission factors of total fine particles in comparison to the other biofuels. Very high emission factors of n-alkanes and n-alkenes were observed from peat combustion, which may be connected to the concurrently observed “missing” CCN in peat smoke. A high level of monosaccharide anhydrides, especially levoglucosan, was detected from all types of biofuel combustion. The fractions of monosaccharide anhydrides in the emitted total carbon were higher in smaller particles (aerodynamic diameter, Dpa < 0.42 μm).
Efficacy of biostimulants on morphology, flowering and yield of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) cv. Kolar local under fan and pad greenhouse

This study was conducted to determine the effect of biostimulants on growth, flowering and yield of Chrysanthemum cv. Kolar local with thirteen treatments such as two concentrations of biostimulants sprayed at four frequencies (first, second, third and fourth spray at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after transplanting) and untreated control. Each treatment was replicated thrice in randomized complete block design (RCBD). The parameters such as plant height (cm), number of leaves, leaf area (cm2), stem girth (mm), number of primary branches, number of secondary branches and intermodal length were checked as morphological parameters. Moreover, days taken for first flowering, days to 50% flowering and duration of flowering are the checked flowering parameters whereas number of flowers per plant, flower yield per plant, flower yield per m2, flower yield per hectare and sucker yield per plant are the yield parameters. Among the different treatments, Spic cytozyme@ 0.4% (T8) registered maximum plant height (89.04 cm) and intermodal length(2.44 cm), whereas biovita @ 0.6% recorded the maximum number of leaves (143.43), leaf area per plant, (5245.33cm2), stem girth (8.18 mm), number of primary (11.47) and secondary branches (24.98). Regarding the flowering parameters; among different treatments, minimum number of days to first flower initiation (100.00) and 50 percent flowering (112.33) and maximum flower duration (65.82) was recorded with Biovita @ 0.6%(T4). However, control (T13) recorded minimum.
Hydrogen Bond Studies

The quadrupole splittings in the deuterium NMR spectrum from single crystals of deuterated sodium Perchlorate monohydrate, NaClO4-D2O, have been measured at 25 °C and - 55 °C. At room temperature, the 180° flip frequency of the D2O molecules is large compared to the difference between the splittings for the two deuterons. The average quadrupole coupling constant (e2 q Q/h) and asymmetry parameter η are 134.1(4) kHz and 0.621(5), respectively. At -55 °C, the electric field gradient tensors for each of the two deuterons were observed corresponding to slowly flipping water molecules, and e2 qQ/h and η for the two deuterons are 231.5(6) and 226.7(6) kHz and 0.196(4) and 0.195(5), respectively. The results indicate that the hydrogen positions in NaClO4-H2O are dynamically disordered
Thermo-compression molding of chitosan with a deep eutectic mixture for biofilms development

A eutectic mixture of choline chloride (ChCl) and citric acid (CA) was successfully used for the preparation of chitosan (Chit) bio-films by thermo-compression molding. Optimization of the film preparation conditions was carried out using response surface methodology and a Box-Behnken design based on the best mechanical properties and lowest energetic requirements (lower compression load and time). The optimum film, made with chitosan and ChCl–CA (eutectic mixture), was compared with films prepared using only CA in their formulation. Chit–ChCl–CA films presented higher elasticity, opacity and total color difference, and a lower tensile strength in relation to the Chit–CA films. Films prepared with the eutectic mixture presented higher water vapor permeability values. These results were associated with the films microstructures. FTIR analysis confirms the occurrence of chemical changes in the processed films. The thermo-compression process significantly affects the crystallinity of the pristine chitosan. The films thermal stability is depressed when compared to the stability of each component.
Detection of antibodies to ovine herpesvirus-2 interleukin-10 homologue in sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) interferes with monocyte and macrophage activation of Th1 helper lymphocyte production of nitric oxide and synthesis of various inflammatory mediators. An IL-10 homologue (vIL-10) is produced by several herpes viruses and is hypothesized to help the virus down regulate, and thus evade, host immune responses. The gammaherpes rhadinovirus Ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) encodes an IL-10 like molecule highly homologous to mammalian IL-10. This virus causes sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), the most common form of MCF in the United States. MCF is a lymphoproliferative and inflammatory syndrome that has delayed clinical presentation hypothesized to be influenced by the production of vIL-10. For this study, the gene encoding vIL-10, Ov2.5 ORF, was amplified by PCR, cloned, sequenced, and a predicted 30 amino acid segment from the amino terminus synthesized. This synthetic peptide was used to develop a novel direct enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) to detect isotype-specific antibodies to OvHV-2 vIL-10. Work to date indicates that lambs do not have detectable levels of maternally derived antibody to vIL-10 during the first few weeks of age. Ewes, which are refractory to clinical infection, generally have high levels of antibody to vIL10. A weak correlation exists between the vIL-10 ELISA and a commercially available competitive-inhibition ELISA (cELISA). We believe the vIL-10 ELISA will refine the ability to identify ruminants exposed to sheepassociated MCF, provide an important tool for determining the role of vIL10 in disease pathogenesis, and may contribute toward the development of a new vaccine strategy for the control of malignant catarrhal fever. Introduction Interleukin-10 (IL-10), or cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), suppresses the immune system. It interferes with monocyte and macrophage activation of Th1 helper lymphocyte production of nitric oxide and synthesis of various
Le rôle des acides gras polyinsaturés dans la prévention des effets de l'exposition prénatale à l'alcool sur le développement des nouveau-nés inuits : une étude épidémiologique

Prenatal exposure to an average of 0.5 oz absolute alcohol per day (the equivalent of 7 standard drinks per week) during pregnancy has been found to be associated with numerous adverse effects on preand postnatal development. In the animal model, concentrated alcohol exposure has been found to lead to more adverse effects than exposure to the same total quantity of alcohol ingested in smaller doses over a longer period of time. The primary aim of this study is to determine whether, in a population where binge drinking is common but total alcohol consumption across pregnancy is low, prenatal exposure to alcohol is associated with effects on prenatal growth, visual acuity and cognitive development during infancy. The second aim is to determine which of several indicators of alcohol consumption best predicts preand postnatal outcomes. Methods: Data were collected from 216 Inuit women and their infants living in Nunavik, the northern region of Québec. Maternal interviews were conducted during mid-pregnancy and at 1 and 6 months postpartum. Birth weight, length, and head circumference were assessed at delivery. Visual acuity and cognitive development were assessed at 6 months of age. In this population in which infrequent heavy episodic drinking is common, even occasional binge exposure was associated with reduced prenatal growth and poorer visual acuity at 6 months of age. A simple dichotomous measure of binge drinking during pregnancy provided the best predictor of fetal growth and 6-month acuity. The population studied here is unusual in terms of its pattern of binge alcohol consumption. To our knowledge, this is the first study to observe effects of binge drinking during pregnancy on infant growth and development in a sample where the average daily alcohol intake is low (< 0.5 ounces).