Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Orthopedic injuries due to parachute jumping in soldiers and the effect of trauma scoring systems in determining injury level:  A prospective observational study

Background During parachute jumping in soldiers, minör or life-threatining majör injuries may be occur in various parts of the body. Various trauma scoring systems have been developed to determine the severity of these injuries. The aim of this study is to determine orthopedic injuries and other injuries due to parachute jumping for military training who admitted to ED and the severity of their injuries using by anatomical and physiological trauma scores (AIS and ISS), to examine applied treatment methods, their hospitalization conditions and the length of hospital stay prospectively over a 44-month period between January 2016 and August 2019. Methods 200 military personnel were included in the study, between the ages of 18-52, who were injured as a result of daytime static parachute jumping for military training. Demographic data such as age, gender, ISS trauma region classification, anatomical injury sites, AIS and ISS scores, diagnosis, treatment methods applied, hospitalization status and duration of hospitalization were examined prospectively in a total of 185 patients. Results Among 184 individuals included in the study, 184 were male and 1 was female. The most common injured body site were 33.5% foot. and the most common diagnosis was 64.3% soft tissue trauma. Considering the treatment methods applied, 51.4% was determined as medication cold application, 42.7% as splint plaster, and 5.9% as surgery. The mean ISS of the patients was 5.16 ± 3.92. The hospitalization rate of patients with a critical AIS score was significantly higher than those with a severe AIS score (p <0.001). Conclusions The use of trauma scoring systems in determining the severity of injury to patients who come to ED due to parachute injury may facilitate treatment selection. Key words: Parachuting injuries, Abbreviated Injury Scale ve Injury Severity Score
Pengaruh Likuiditas dan Solvabilitas terhadap Profitabilitas pada PT. Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur, Tbk. Yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to describe the liquidity, solvability and profitability of PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur, Tbk. and to determine the effect of liquidity and solvability on profitability. The method of analysis used in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis method. The object of this research is PT Indofood CPB Sukses, Tbk for the period 2014- 2019. The method used for this is multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing. The results of the analysis of multiple linear regression are: Ŷ = 0.156 + 0.013 X1 + (-0,117) X2. This means that there is a positive influence on liquidity, and a negative effect on solvability on profitability. The result of the correlation coefficient analysis is 0.963 which means a strong relationship between these three variables. The coefficient of determination is 0.877, which means that 87.7% of the variation in profitability is explained by CR and DER. The research hypothesis shows that the liquidity variable is rejected on the solvability variable, meaning that liquidity has no effect and solvability has a significant effect on profitability at PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur, Tbk. 2014-2019 period.
Design and preparation of controlled floating gastroretentive delivery systems for enhanced fexofenadine hydrochloride oral bioavailability

Purpose : To design and prepare effervescent floating gastroretentive tablets for controlled fexofenadine hydrochloride (HCl) release and enhanced oral bioavailability. Method : Various tablet formulations of the drug were prepared by direct compression. A systematic approach in the design of the formulations was adopted, where, first, formulations consisting of single polymers with a high polymer : sodium bicarbonate ratio were investigated for its physicochemical properties (in-vitro floating behaviour, drug release profile, etc). Next, improvement of tablets’ properties was achieved by decreasing polymer : sodium bicarbonate ratio. Subsequently, a final optimization step involved blending polymers at different polymer : polymer ratios. The formulations were evaluated in vitro and in vivo in albino rabbits Results : The formulation consisting of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K15M/hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K100LV at 1 : 2 ratio (F8) showed good floating properties (14 s floating lag time) with nearly zero order controlled drug release for 24 h (R2 = 0.9876). In-vivo bioavailability studies of F8 in albino rabbits showed a significant increase in area under the curve (AUC, 134 %, p < 0.05) and hence an improvement in its oral bioavailability, compared to a commercial conventional product. Conclusion : The good quality of the effervescent floating gastroretentive tablets of fexofenadine HCl developed is an indication that the approach used is suitable for the formulation of the drug for controlled drug release and enhanced oral bioavailabiliy. Keywords : Effervescent, Floating, Gastroretentive, Fexofenadine, Bioavailability
Review on Surfactant Flooding: Phase Behavior, Retention, IFT, and Field Applications

Surfactant flooding is an important technique used in enhanced oil recovery to reduce the amount of oil in pore space of matrix rock. Surfactants are injected to mobilize residual oil by lowering the interfacial tension between oil and water and/or by the wettability alteration from oil-wet to water-wet. A large number of cationic, anionic, non-ionic, and amphoteric surfactants have been investigated on a laboratory scale under different conditions of temperature and salinity. Selection of the appropriate surfactant is a challenging task, and surfactants have to be evaluated by a series of screening techniques. Different types of surfactants along with their limitations are reviewed with particular emphasis on the phase behavior, adsorption, interfacial tension, and structure–property relationship. Factors affecting the phase behavior, interfacial tension, and wettability alteration are also discussed. Field applications of surfactants for chemical enhanced oil recovery in carbonate and sandstone reservoi.
Effects of Warm Wastewaters from Thermal Power Stations on Ecosystems of the Sava and the Velika Morava, Tributaries of the Danube

Investigations were conducted over several years, from 1977 to 1989, into the effects of warm wastewaters from thermal power stations on ecosystems of the Sava and the Velika Morava, tributaries of the Danube in Yugoslavia. The thermal power stations (TPSs) were the ‘Morava9 TPS, situated near Svilajnac on the River Morava, and ‘Nikola Tesla A and B9 TPSs near Obrenovac on the River Sava. These rivers also receive industrial and urban wastewaters along their whole length. The temperature differences between the river waters abstracted and the wastewaters returned to the rivers were from 8 to 15°C. In the areas influenced by these warm wastewaters, greater heterogeneity of ichthyofauna and faster growth and maturation of fish were observed. These were considered to be positive effects. Due to the periodic washing out of TPS coal ash repositories which are located in the riparian areas, concentrations of sulphates, phosphates, and nitrates have been increasing in the Morava, which may have negative effects on the aquatic communities. High ambient temperatures in the summer, during periods of low water and reduced oxygen content in the polluted river conditions, also had negative influences on the water ecosystems. The warm wastewaters from the thermal power stations could be used in aquaculture, which would decrease the thermal pollution of the rivers during summer lower water periods.
The impact of COVID-19 on the adaptive functioning of Italian children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: role of the online intervention.

This study investigated the impact of lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic on the adaptive functioning, problematic and repetitive behaviors of an Italian sample of preschoolers and schoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder. We evaluated whether after the compulsory home confinement, in comparison to a baseline evaluation performed during the months preceding COVID-19, any improvement or worsening was reported by parents of ASD individuals using standardized instruments.No significant worsening in the areas explored emerged after the lockdown. Within the older participants, a clinical stability was found concerning both adaptive skills and behavioral aspects. Whereas, within preschoolers a significant improvement in adaptive skills emerged and was related to the subsistence of web delivered intervention, parental work persistency and online support during lockdown.
Effects of Milling Time and Speed on Nutrient Availability of KH2PO4 with Kaolinite as Physical Type Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers

Mechanochemical processing was applied to produce slow-release fertilizers consisting of kaolinite as clay material and (KDP) KH2PO4 in 3:1 weight ratio by grinding the contents in a planetary ball mill at milling rotational speeds ranging from 200 to 700 rpm for 2 h and at different milling times ranging between 1-3 h at 600 rpm milling speed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and coupled ion chromatography (IC) were used to characterize the prepared samples. It was shown that the mechanochemical process succeeded to incorporate KDP into the kaolinite structure. The K+ and PO43- ions released from the kaolinite–KH2PO4 system when dispersed in distilled water for 24 h were measured. The results indicate that the prepared kaolinite–KH2PO4 system acts as a carrier of K+ and PO43- nutrients to be used as slow-released fertilizers
Effect of Liquidity of Dividend Payout of Listed Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria

The study is designed to investigate the effect of liquidity on dividend payout of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study covers a period of ten years (2010-2019). The study employes correlational and ex-post facto research designs using 10 out of the 20 listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study also employes secondary data where it is discovered at there is insignificant relationship of the two explanatory variables (sales growth, and liquidity) with dividend payout. The study recommends that the management of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria should reduce current liability and increase stock, debtor collection and cash at bank in order it increase dividend payout.
Effects of secondary electron emission on plasma density and electron excitation dynamics in dual-frequency asymmetric capacitively coupled argon plasmas

Effects of secondary electron emission (SEE) on the plasma density and electron excitation dynamics in dual-frequency (2 MHz and 14 MHz) capacitively coupled Ar plasmas are investigated. The plasma density np is measured with a hairpin probe, and the spatio-temporal distribution of electron excitation rate (ground state into Ar 2p1 state) is determined by phase resolved optical emission spectroscopy. It is generally found that as the low-frequency (LF) voltage ϕL increases, np first decreases at low ϕL, due to compressed the plasma bulk length by the LF source, and then increases slightly with ϕL, suggesting that the plasma is dominated by the α mode. When ϕL exceeds some critical value, np increases dramatically with ϕL, due to significantly enhanced ionization by secondary electrons, indicating a α–γ mode transition. An excitation pattern caused by SEE at the edge of the completely expanded LF sheath is observed at relatively high ϕL. Under various conditions, including the high-frequency voltage ϕH, the pressure p, the electrode gap L, and the electrode material, different dependences of np on ϕL are also discussed. It is found that the discharge turns into the γ mode at a lower ϕL when ϕH is higher. As p increases, the density peak moves axially towards the powered electrode, due to reduced sheath thickness, while its distance to the powered electrode is almost independent of other external conditions (ϕH, L, electrode material, etc). A higher p or higher L is favorable for the enhancement of np in γ mode, because secondary electrons can contribute more to the ionization. Due to the higher SEE coefficient of the aluminum electrode, a more significant increase in np in the γ mode can be seen than that with a stainless steel or copper electrode. Meanwhile, the spatio-temporal distributions of the electron excitation rate under the same conditions are analyzed to further understand the SEE effects.
The biodegradation of isosaccharine acids under hyperalkaline conditions

One of the current proposed strategies for the disposal of intermediate level radioactive waste (ILW) is that of an underground facility termed a geological disposal facility (GDF). Under the anoxic alkaline conditions (10.5 13) expected to develop within an ILW-GDF cellulose will undergo chemical degradation to a range of cellulose degradation products (CDP). The major components of which will be the isosaccharinic acids (ISA). ISA is of particular interest with regards to the long term performance of a GDF due to its ability to complex radionuclides altering their solubility and thus the long term retention of such radionuclides. The removal of these complexants by microbial action could therefore have an impact upon the long term performance of an ILW-GDF. The biofilm mode of existence is able to increase the resistance of microbes to environmental stresses and could be a mechanism for microbial survival under ILW-GDF conditions. Recent research has shown the ability of microbes from an ILW-GDF anthropogenic analogue site to degrade ISA under hyperalkaline conditions, however, no studies have yet looked at the ability of alkaliphilic biofilms to survive under these conditions whilst using ISA as a carbon source. The aim of this work was to ascertain the ability of alkaliphilic biofilm consortia to survive and degrade ISA under near field conditions and to further investigate the mechanisms of this survival. Using cotton bait, biofilm was able to be grown in-situ at an analogue site located at Harpur Hill, Buxton, UK. Enrichment of this biofilm using CDP driven microcosms under both sulphate reducing and methanogenic conditions at pH 11 showed the degradation of the α-ISA, β-ISA and xylo ISA types through a fermentation pathway to acetate and hydrogen. Investigation into the morphology of these microcosms revealed the microbes to existing within flocs or aggregates of EPS which had a complex EPS composition. Microelectrode profiling of these flocs revealed areas of lower pH than the external pH to be present within the interior of these flocs, a finding which was attributed to microbial survival under the alkaline conditions. Floc cultures were able to form thick dense biofilm within sand columns which enhanced the rate of ISA degradation and facilitated the production of methane and sulphide under relevant conditions. Micro-electrode pH profiling again demonstrated low pH areas within the biofilm which contributed towards biofilm survival and ISA degradation up to pH 13. Biofilms were able to impact ILW-GDF relevant surfaces with evidence of carbonation and EPS substances found upon NRVB, steel and graphite surfaces. The ability of biofilms to form under ILW-GDF conditions could facilitate microbial survival under ILW-GDF conditions and have an impact upon the long term performance of an ILW-GDF. This could be through the carbonation of NRVB surfaces, the blocking of pore throats, gas production, microbial induced corrosion related to sulphide production and through the removal of radionuclide complexants.
Medical Defense Against Mustard Gas: Toxic Mechanisms and Pharmacological Implications

Inevitably, reading is one of the requirements to be undergone. To improve the performance and quality, someone needs to have something new every day. It will suggest you to have more inspirations, then. However, the needs of inspirations will make you searching for some sources. Even from the other people experience, internet, and many books. Books and internet are the recommended media to help you improving your quality and performance.
Inflammatory macrophages and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis

Macrophages (Mc))) play a key role in renal inflammation and may be cytotoxic to resident cells within tissues. I began this thesis by examining the effect of M<j) upon the level of apoptosis and proliferation in tubular epithelial cells in vitro. I used a microscopically quantifiable co-culture assay to determine whether inflammatory M(j) modulated apoptosis and proliferation of (i) Madine-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and (ii) primary murine tubular epithelial cells. Bone marrowderived Mcj) and target tubular cells were differentially labeled with fluorochromes and interacted for 24 hrs. Apoptosis and proliferation was quantified by fluorescent microscopy after fixation and Hoechst staining. Quiescent non-activated Mcj) did not induce significant apoptosis of tubular cells whilst cytokine activated (LPS/IFN-y) Mcj) induced marked apoptosis of both MDKC and primary tubular cells. Pharmacological inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production with L-NAME or inclusion of cytokine activated Mcj) derived from inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) knockout (KO) mice reduced apoptosis in both MDKC and primary tubular cells. MDCK cell proliferation was significantly suppressed by both non-activated and activated Mcj) from iNOS WT and iNOS KO mice indicating that it was an NOindependent effect. In contrast, no effect upon primary tubular cell proliferation was
Air–sea CO2 exchange and ocean acidification in UK seas and adjacent waters

1 Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK 2 Now at: NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Ocean Systems (OCS), and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands 3 Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK 4 Ocean Biogeochemistry and Ecosystems, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK 5 Marine Scotland Science, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, UK 6 National Oceanography Centre, Liverpool L3 5DA, UK 7 Natural Environment Research Council, UK
Evaluation of the taste-active and volatile compounds in stewed meat from the Chinese yellow-feather chicken breed

ABSTRACT Effects of stewing time (1, 2, and 3 h) on the levels of taste-active and volatile compounds were measured. The flavor characteristics of the stewed yellow-feather chicken meat were assessed with sensory evaluation and electronic nose. Results showed that increasing stewing time significantly decreased the contents of taste components such as free amino acids, 5′-nucleotides, minerals. Inosine 5′-monophosphate and chloride were the major umami-related compounds in stewed meat and decreased significantly during stewing. The taste-active values of the equivalent umami concentration decreased from 283.2 to 38.7 after 3 h of stewing. In contrast, increasing stewing time improved aroma levels. The volatile compounds mainly included pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, (E)-2-octenal, nonanal, (Z)-4-decenal, decanal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, 1-pentanol, and 1-octen-3-ol. With increased stewing time, aldehydes significantly decreased (P < 0.05), whereas alcohols significantly increased (P < 0.05). The high-intensity aroma after 2 h of stewing could be attributed to 1-pentanol and 1-octen-3-ol. The aroma scores of the chicken meat were at maximum after stewing for 3 h. The overall flavor characteristics tended to stabilize after 2 h of stewing. In general, stewing improved the aroma but decreased the taste components in the chicken meat, especially within the first 2 h. The data herein not only provides insight into the changes in odor and taste of chicken meat during cooking, but also guidelines for improving the stewing process.
High-quality single-crystal thulium iron garnet films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by off-axis sputtering

High-quality single-crystal thulium iron garnet (TmIG) films of 10-30 nm thick were grown by off-axis sputtering at room temperature (RT) followed by post-annealing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to determine the TmIG film composition to optimize the growth conditions, along with the aid of x-ray diffraction (XRD) structural analysis and atomic force microscope (AFM) for surface morphology. The optimized films exhibited perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and the saturation magnetization at RT was ∼99 emu/cm3, close to the RT bulk value ∼110 emu/cm3 with a very low coercive field of ∼2.4 Oe. We extracted the H⊥ of 1734 Oe and the peak-to-peak linewidth ΔH of ferromagnetic resonance are only about 99 Oe, significantly lower than that of PLD grown TmIG film and bulk single crystals. The high-quality sputtered single-crystal TmIG films show great potential to be integrated with topological insulators or heavy metals with strong spin-orbit coupling for spintronic applications.
Antioxidant Activities of Various Brown Seaweeds from Seribu Islands

Brown seaweeds contain various metabolites (carotenoids, laminarin, alginate, fucoidan, mannitol, and phlorotannin) as anticancer substances, antioxidants and chemopreventive agent against degenerative diseases. This research was aimed to determine the chemical properties and antioxidants activity of Sargassum polycystum, Padina minor and Turbinaria conoides. This research consisted of the proximate analysis, crude fiber, minerals, heavy metals, extraction, phytochemicals, analysis phenolic compound and antioxidant activity with DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC methods. The results showed moisture content of S. polycystum, P. minor, and T. conoides 24-31%, fat 0.23-0,47%, protein 3-4%, ash 27-45%, carbohydrate 26-38% and crude fiber 2-6%. Mineral Fe S. polycystum, P.minor and T.conoides about 0.03 g/kg to 0.39 g/kg, Ca 11.28 g/kg to 27.98 g/kg, K 13.86 g/kg to 41.15 g/kg, Na 16.31 g/kg to 20.51 g/kg and Mg 8.04 g/ kg to 18.68 g/kg. The range of heavy metals Pb S. polycystum, P. m i n o r and T. conoides 3.48 mg/kg to 12.68 mg/kg, Hg 0.24 mg/kg to 0.53 mg/kg and Cu 5.66 mg/kg to 7.02 mg/kg. Ethanol extract of S. polycystum, P. minor, and T. conoides contains alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. Total phenolic compounds of brown seaweeds ranged from 3758.97-8287.18 mg GAE/g. Brown seaweeds contain DPPH antioxidant activities within IC50 values of 1.9-9.6 mg/mL, FRAP 70.643-105.357 µmol Trolox/g and CUPRAC 85.268-201 µmol Trolox/g.
Influence of compositional complexity on interdiffusion in Ni-containing concentrated solid-solution alloys

ABSTRACT To investigate the compositional effects on thermal-diffusion kinetics in concentrated solid-solution alloys, interdiffusion in seven diffusion couples with alloys from binary to quinary is systematically studied. The alloys with higher compositional complexity exhibit in general lower diffusion coefficients against homologous temperature, however, an exception is found that diffusion in NiCoFeCrPd is faster than in NiCoFeCr and NiCoCr. While the derived diffusion parameters suggest that diffusion in medium and high entropy alloys is overall more retarded than in pure metals and binary alloys, they strongly depend on specific constituents. The comparative features are captured by computational thermodynamics approaches using a self-consistent database. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT IMPACT STATEMENT This work experimentally demonstrates that thermal-diffusion kinetics in concentrated solid-solution alloys depends not only on the number but also strongly on the species of the alloying elements.