Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design Efficiency, Characteristics, and Utilization of Reinforced Foamed Concrete: A Review

Foam concrete (FC) serves as an efficient construction material that combines well thermal insulation and structural properties. The studies of material characteristics, including the mechanical, physical, rheological, and functional properties of lightweight concrete, have been conducted rigorously. However, a lack of knowledge on the design efficiency of reinforced FC (RFC) was found in current research trends, compared to reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete. Therefore, this paper presents a review of the performance and adaption in structures for RFC. According to the code specifications, the feasibility investigation was preliminarily determined in structural use through the summary for the mechanical properties of FC of FC’s mechanical properties. For reinforced concrete design, a direct method of reduction factors is introduced to design lightweight aggregate concrete, which is also suggested to be adapted into a lightweight FC design. It was found that flexural shear behavior is a more complex theoretical analysis than flexure. However, a reduction factor of 0.75 was recommended for shear, torsion, and compression; meanwhile, 0.6 for flexural members. Serviceability limit states design should be applied, as the crack was found predominant in RFC design. The deflection controls were recommended as 0.7 by previous research. Research on RFC’s compression members, such as a column or load load-bearing wall, were rarely found. Thus, further study for validating a safe design of RFC applications in construction industries today is highly imperative.
Health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in street dust of federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess contamination and potential human health risks of heavy metals in street dust from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H). In total, 117 street dust samples were analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Health risk assessment was applied to determine potential health risks, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, in children and adults. According to mass concentrations of studied trace metals, the dust samples were arranged as the following diminishing series: industrial zone > high traffic streets > streets with moderate traffic > parking place > parks, school yards, sports facilities, medical facilities. Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn mean concentrations are 3.18, 33.17, 30.01, 3150, 236, 73.00, 52.49 and 81.72 mg/kg, respectively. In order to identify possible metals sources correlation analysis was applied. Strong correlations between Cd-Mn, Fe-Mn, Ni-Cr, and Cr-Fe were obtained, suggesting a common dependence or source of these metals in street dust in FB&H. Contributor that most impact the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk is the ingestion route for both, children and adults, followed by the dermal and inhalation pathways. The risk assessment shows that the population of FB&H is at increased lifetime risk of experiencing cancer because of exposure to Cr and Pb concentrations in street dust of FB&H.
Respiratory Virus Infection Is A High-risk Factor for Developing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

20 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection with the 2019 novel 21 coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV, now referred to as SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 has become 22 a global pandemic since its outbreak at the end of Dec 2019. COVID-19 could lead to 23 severe acute respiratory disease, especially to those who have reduced immunity. 24 Binding of the viral Spike protein (S) to its receptor ACE2 (Angiotensin Converting 25 Enzyme 2) on the surface of target cells has been proven to be key for virus entry and 26 infection. Although ACE2 expression in the respiratory system is necessary for 27 pneumonia infection by SARS-CoV-2, the regulation of ACE2 gene expression 28 remains poorly investigated, especially for patients that are in pre-pathological 29 conditions. Here, by analyzing The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we 30 investigated the expression regulation of ACE2 in various kinds of primary epithelial 31 cells from the respiratory system after varies of respiratory viruses infection such as 32 influenza A virus (IFV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus 33 (hRV). Our analyses reveal that infection of multiple kinds of respiratory viruses or 34 influenza vaccines greatly increased ACE2 expression, suggesting that respiratory 35 viruses infection could represent a high risk factor for developing COVID-19. We also 36 found that the regulatory effect of influenza A virus on ACE2 expression is associated 37 with activation of the interferon beta-induced pathway and viral RNA-activated host 38 response. Together, our data provide a theoretical framework for clinical classification 39 for SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and could be used for future prevention and 40 therapy treatment for COVID-19. 41 Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 16 October 2020
Handling Resistance to Change When Societal and Workplace Logics Conflict

Changes in societal logics often leave firms’ policies and practices out of step. Yet when firms introduce a change that brings in a new societal logic, employees may resist, even though they personally value the change, because the incoming logic conflicts with existing organizational logics. How can change agents handle logic-based resistance to an organizational initiative that introduces a new logic? We studied elite law firms that introduced a new role into their traditional up-or-out career path in response to associates’ anonymously expressed desire for better work–life balance, which associates resisted because expressing family concerns was illegitimate within the firms. Change agents responded to three forms of resisters’ logic-based concerns—irreconcilability, ambiguity, and contradiction—with three tailored responses—redirecting, reinforcing, and reassuring—using contextually legitimate logic elements. Over time logic elements of each concern–response pair harmonized to enable individuals to enact their logics seamlessly and organizations to update the existing logic settlement to assimilate the societal change. We demonstrate that the way available logics are accessed and activated between pluralistic change agents and resisters can enable logic settlements to be updated in response to societal change. We draw insights about how logics do or do not constrain agency.
Deep-water Photinae (Gastropoda: Nassariidae) from eastern Africa, with descriptions of five new species

Deep-water species from the western Indian Ocean off the East African coast and Madagascar, belonging to the subfamily Photinae, are discussed and compared with species from the West Pacific. Phos elegantissimus Hayashi & Habe, 1965, P. hirasei Sowerby, 1913 and P. laevis Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961 are recorded from Mozambique and/or from Madagascar, hereby extending their known range considerably into the western Indian Ocean. The East African specimens formerly assigned to Phos roseatus Hinds, 1844 are found to differ from this West Pacific species. In total, five species are described as new: Phos ganii sp. nov., P. geminus sp. nov., P. ladoboides sp. nov., P. pulchritudus sp. nov. and P. testaceus sp. nov.
Comparison of the Three Molecular Diagnostic Assays for Molecular Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Species in Sputum Samples

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) continues to be one of the main causative agents of tuberculosis (TB); moreover, the incidence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections has been rising gradually in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Precise and rapid detection and identification of MTB and NTM in respiratory specimens are thus important for MTB infection control. Molecular diagnostic methods based on the nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) are known to be rapid, sensitive, and specific compared to the conventional acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and mycobacterial culture methods. In the present study, the clinical performances of three commercial molecular diagnostic assays, namely TB/NTM PCR (Biocore), MolecuTech Real MTB-ID ® (YD Diagnostics), and REBA Myco-ID ® (YD Diagnostics), were evaluated with a total of 92 respiratory specimens (22 AFB smear positives and 67 AFB smear negatives). The sensitivity and specificity of TB/NTM PCR were 100% and 75.81%, respectively. The corresponding values of MolecuTech Real MTB-ID ® and REBA Myco-ID® were 56.52% and 90.32%, and 56.52% and 82.26%, respectively. TB/NTM PCR showed the highest sensitivity; however, the concordant rate was 10% compared with sequence analysis. Although MolecuTech Real MTB-ID ® showed lower sensitivity, its specificity was the highest among the three methods. REBA Myco-ID ® allowed accurate classification of NTM species; therefore, it was the most specific diagnostic method. Of the three PCR-based methods, MolecuTech Real MTB-ID ® showed the best performance. This method is expected to enable rapid and accurate identification of MTB and NTM.
Effective Operator Summaries Extraction

This paper proposes a heuristic algorithm for effectively summarizing the work of novice robot operators, e.g., ones recruited through crowdsourcing platforms, in search and rescue-like tasks. Such summaries can be used for many purposes, perhaps most notably for monitoring and evaluating an operator’s performance in settings where information gaps preclude automatic evaluation. The underlying idea of our method is dividing the task timeline into intervals, and extracting a subset of high-scoring and low-scoring segments within, using a heuristic scoring function. This results in a short effective summary of the operator’s work, based on which several other crowdworkers can evaluate her performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method was extensively evaluated and compared to a large set of alternative methods through a series of experiments in Amazon Mechanical Turk. The analysis of the results reveals that the proposed method outperforms all tested alternatives. Finally, we evaluate the performance one may achieve with the use of machine learning for predicting the operator’s performance in our domain. While this approach manages to reach a performance level similar to the one achieved with summaries, it requires an order-of-magnitude greater effort for training (measured in terms of crowdworkers time).
Determinants and Decomposition of Poverty of Rural India: Glimpses from the Purulia District of West Bengal

The paper aims to analyze poverty issues in rural households of India sampled purposively from the perspective of per capita Monthly Consumption Expenditure. In addition, the decomposition of poverty across social group affiliation and economic status adds another flavor to this study. The study concentrates on one of the backward areas of West Bengal, the district of Purulia, a resource-poor district with a distinct presence of scheduled social group population. The candidate villages were selected purposively keeping in mind the aspects of physical isolation and socio-economic stagnancy. Quantitative tools like Stepwise Multiple Regression and Decomposition analysis by FGT indices were instrumental in estimating the relative strengths of the factors affecting poverty. Besides, the study has simultaneously added the life history approach to integrate the QUAN-QUAL methods with an aim to produce a more complete picture. The critical findings include that the scheduled social groups, especially tribes, and daily wage casual laborers followed by agricultural laborers, were identified as the most vulnerable to poverty indicators in their respective population segments.
Understanding the Brain Injury Mechanisms of Primary Blast Exposure

Blast brain injury research has largely focused on the pressure transmission of the blast wave to the head. However, the large dynamic pressures can also cause high head accelerations. The injury mechanisms and sequelae from shock waves and head accelerations may not be the same, but both may be significant contributors to the overall pathology. In this study, we examine two immunohistochemical markers of axonal injury from blast exposures with varying head accelerations to anaesthetised ferrets. The immunohistochemical marker for neurofilament compaction, RM014 stained approximately 1,000 times more tissue area than the marker for impaired axonal transport, β‐APP. This trend in positive reactivity was most apparent in the large white matter tracts. The positive relationships between their immunoreactivities and impulse were similar, but RM014 had a slightly greater dependence on head acceleration than β‐APP. Another observation was that the positive staining for the two axonal injury markers did not always occur in the same anatomical regions. The different injury patterns witnessed for the two markers highlight the complexity of blast brain injury compared with blunt neurotrauma. This study demonstrates that the accelerative aspect of the exposure event may contribute to the injury outcome.
“Mom, dad, look at me”: The development of the Parental Phubbing Scale

The widespread diffusion of smartphones has opened new challenges regarding the psychological consequences of their usage on social relationships. The term phubbing (a combination of phone and snubbing) indicates the act of ignoring someone in a social context by paying attention to the smartphone. The few existing studies show that phubbing is widespread, mutually reinforced, and socially accepted, with possible negative consequences for social and individual well-being. Phubbing can occur in every social context, including romantic relationships, workplaces, and family. However, to date, minimal attention has been given to the possible impact that phubbing carried out by parents can have on their children. To start filling this gap, in this paper, we introduced a new scale that measures the perception of being subject to parental phubbing and showed the prevalence of perceived phubbing on a stratified sample of 3,289 adolescents. Firstly, the dimensionality, validity, and invariance of the construct were proven. Moreover, our results showed a positive relationship between children’s perceived levels of parental phubbing and their feelings of social disconnection with parents, thus suggesting that the more children felt that one or both of their parents were phubbing them, the less the children felt connected with their parents.
Modulation of Whistler Waves by Ultra‐Low‐Frequency Perturbations: The Importance of Magnetopause Location

Ultra‐low‐frequency (ULF, 0.001–1 Hz) perturbations are important aspect of the dynamics in the inner magnetosphere: They are responsible for radial transport (diffusion) of high‐energy electrons and for energizing the ionosphere with field‐aligned currents. This study is devoted to properties of ULF perturbations generated at the magnetopause, their propagation into the inner magnetosphere, and their modulation of whistler‐mode very‐low‐frequency (VLF) waves. Taking advantage of the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) mission configuration in 2019, we investigate ULF perturbations simultaneously captured by three spacecraft at different distances from the magnetopause. Combining ground‐based and THEMIS measurements of ULF perturbations to separate temporal and spatial variations of their properties, we show that their intensity decays exponentially with distance from the magnetopause as close as the geostationary orbit. Near the magnetopause ULF perturbations can modulate whistler‐mode (VLF) waves effectively: Close to the magnetopause, VLF wave bursts have the same periodicity as the ULF perturbations. Our results demonstrate that almost the entire outer magnetosphere (from the geostationary orbit to L ∼ 12), including the outer radiation belts, is significantly influenced by ULF perturbations excited by magnetopause dynamic responses to the solar wind.
THE IMPACTS OF EVALUATION IN BUSINESS EDUCATION ON ECONOMIC AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA

This study investigates the impact of evaluation in business education on economic and sustainable development in Kano State. Two research questions were answered and two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. This study used survey design. The population of the study comprised of four hundred and forty - eight (448) business education graduates in Kano State. One hundred and ninety - six (196) was sampled using Research Advisors Sample Size Table 2016 revised for good representation of the population. Purposive sampling technique was also used for the study to select the sample which recommended that only business education graduates who graduated were regarded as respondents of the study. The instrument used for data collection was structured questionnaire. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation, while null hypotheses were tested using regression analysis in order to determine the impact of evaluation in business education on economic and sustainable development of Kano State. The findings were stated among which is, there was significant impact of evaluation of business programme on economic development in Kano State, Nigeria. Bas ed on the findings, conclusion was made such as proper and regular evaluation in business education programme need to be put in place so as to check the programme thoroughly in order to realise its objectives on the economic and sustainable development of Kano State, Nigeria at large. Recommendations were also made among which is adequate evaluation in business education should be made properly and regularly for the programme at any point in time so as to assist the system for producing competent graduates who can use their skills in development the economics of the Kano State in particular and Nigeria as a whole
Mid-level convection in a warm conveyor belt accelerates the jet stream

Abstract. Jet streams and potential vorticity (PV) gradients along upper-level ridges, troughs and zonal flows form a waveguide that governs midlatitude dynamics. Warm conveyor belt (WCB) outflows often inject low-PV air into ridges, and the representation of WCBs is seen as a source of uncertainty for downstream forecasts. Recent studies have highlighted the presence of mesoscale structures with negative PV in WCBs, the impact of which, on large-scale dynamics, is still debated. Here, fine-scale observations of cloud and wind structures acquired with airborne Doppler radar and dropsondes provide rare information on the WCB outflow of the Stalactite cyclone and the associated upper-level ridge on 2 October 2016 during the North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment (NAWDEX). The observations show a complex tropopause structure associated with two jet stream cores along the northwestern edge of the ridge. A reference convection-permitting simulation with full physics reproduces the observed structures and reveals the presence of elongated negative PV bands along the eastern jet stream core. In contrast, a sensitivity experiment with heat exchanges due to cloud processes being cut off shows lower cloud tops, weaker jet stream cores, a ridge less extended westward and the absence of negative PV bands. A Lagrangian analysis based on online trajectories shows that the anticyclonic branch of the WCB outflow enters the eastern jet stream core in the reference simulation, while it is absent in the sensitivity experiment. The anticyclonic ascents and negative PV bands originate from the same region near the cyclone's bent-back front. The most rapid ascents coincide with mid-level convective cells identified by clustering analysis, which are located in a region of conditional instability below the jet stream core and above a low-level jet. Horizontal PV dipoles are found around these cells, with the negative poles reaching absolute negative values, and the convective cells thus appear as the source of the negative PV bands. The results show that mid-level convection within WCBs accelerates the jet stream and may influence the downstream large-scale circulation.
Religious Hallucinations and Religious Delusions among Older Adults in Treatment for Psychoses in the Netherlands

Background. Although religious delusions (RDs) are common in geriatric psychiatry, we know little about their frequency and content. Our study examines the prevalence and content of religious hallucinations (RHs) and RDs and how they relate to the diagnosis and the patients’ denominational background and other aspects of religiousness. Methods. Semi-structured diagnostic interviews were conducted with inpatients and outpatients (N = 155, mean age 76.5) at a geriatric psychiatry department in the Netherlands. We used the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry 2.1. Results. The prevalences of RHs and RDs were 19% and 32%, respectively. RHs were mostly auditory. There was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of RHs in schizophrenia (17.5%) and in psychotic depression (9.4%). Compared to non-affiliated patients and mainline Protestants, RDs were significantly more prevalent in raised and current strict Protestants, especially in those with psychotic depression. RHs were more prevalent in Evangelical (e.g., Pentecostal) and strict Protestant patients. The presence of RDs was associated with several measures of religiousness (e.g., dogmatism, religious coping). Conclusions. Religion is likely to act as a symptom-formation factor for psychotic symptoms in strict Protestant older adults. More detailed research might lead to a fuller understanding of how strict religious beliefs may affect the content of psychotic symptoms and unintentionally add a component of existential suffering. It is important for mental health professionals, especially the predominantly secular professionals in the Netherlands, to recognize and address religious themes.
Deep Vein Thrombosis Secondary to Extrinsic Compression: A Case Report

May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is defined as extrinsic venous compression by the arteries of the iliocaval system. The most common manifestation of MTS is compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery. May-Thurner syndrome is pathologically seen in 2%-5% of patients presenting with symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT). As an anatomic variant, the prevalence is predicted to be much higher as most patients with MTS anatomy are asymptomatic and do not seek evaluation. Symptomatic clinical presentations can include left lower extremity pain, swelling, skin discoloration, ulceration, and venous claudication. Here we present a patient with symptomatic MTS. A 64-year-old female with no pertinent past medical history presented with complaint of worsening left lower extremity swelling and pain. Clinical picture was concerning for phlegmasia cerulea dolens and ultrasound was bypassed in favor of a CT scan of the lower extremities bilaterally. The CT showed occlusion of the deep veins of the left leg secondary to stenosis of the left common iliac vein just posterior to the right common iliac artery; a finding consistent with MTS. Interventional radiology performed a catheter-directed thrombolysis with stenting of the left common iliac and external iliac veins. The patient clinically improved and was discharged with anticoagulative therapy. May-Thurner syndrome is a condition that typically manifests due to external anatomic compression of the left common iliac vein. It is our belief that patients (with the appropriate risk factors) presenting with signs and symptoms consistent with proximal lower extremity DVT would benefit from further radiographic studies to fully evaluate for iliocaval venous stenosis and subsequent catheter-directed thrombolysis with endovascular stenting.