Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of Plateletworks ADP for the ProCyte Dx analyzer

Abstract Background Platelet function testing in cats allows determination of clopidogrel effect. Plateletworks assesses aggregation based on decreasing platelet counts on hematology analyzers in response to agonists. It has not been validated for the IDEXX ProCyte Dx analyzer. Ideal time to perform analysis and the utility of other platelet parameters have not been fully assessed. Objectives To validate Plateletworks ADP on the ProCyte Dx, to investigate the utility of various platelet parameters using Plateletworks ADP, and determine the ideal time to perform analysis. Animals Twenty healthy cats recruited from the general population used for transference of reference intervals to a new analyzer, and 10 cats receiving clopidogrel to determine clopidogrel effect. Methods Plateletworks ADP using the ProCyte Dx and ADVIA 2120i analyzer was run simultaneously in both healthy cats and cats receiving clopidogrel, and CBC results at different timepoints were compared between analyzers. Results Aggregation was significantly different (P < .001) between analyzers. Cohen's kappa showed almost perfect agreement for determination of clopidogrel effect, and the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic was 1.0. Lower limits of the aggregation reference interval in healthy cats were 28.8% on the ProCyte Dx and 12.5% on the ADVIA 2120i. Coefficients of variation for platelet parameters were not different between analyzers. No significant changes in mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, large platelets, and mean platelet component were identified. No significant change in aggregation was observed within the first hour after phlebotomy. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Our study validated the Plateletworks ADP system on the ProCyte Dx analyzer. Samples may be analyzed up to 1 h after collection.
Eosinophilic, polymorphic and pruritic eruption following radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma

EJD, vol. 32, n◦ 6, November-December 2022 Frequent adverse events included acne (12.5%), hepatitis, tinea corporis, headache and herpes labialis (one case of each). These regressed spontaneously or with topical treatment only with continued upadacitinib. In clinical trials, the proportion of patients with EASI-75 at Week 16 on upadacitinib monotherapy reached 60.1-69.6% and 72.9-79.7% with 15 mg/d and 30 mg/d, respectively [1]. For combination therapy with topical corticosteroids and upadacitinib, 64.6% and 77.1% of patients achieved EASI75 with 15 mg/d and 30 mg/d, respectively [3]. However, the combination study used medium/low-potency topical corticosteroids which allowed patients to stop topical corticosteroids when EASI-75 was achieved at Week 4 [3]. This may have contributed to the non-significant difference between monotherapy and combination therapy at Week 16. In our study, higher EASI-75 responses were achieved compared with previous clinical trials, even though half of our patients were treated with 15 mg/d. This may be due to the difference in topical treatment, including the strength and continuous use of topical corticosteroids and combination of moisturizers. An EASI-75 response at Week 12 was reached in 75.0% and 87.5% of patients who received 15 mg/d and 30 mg/d, respectively. There were no statistical differences between severity (p = 0.33) or gender (p > 0.99) according to the Fisher’s exact test (supplementary table 4). Adverse events developed in two patients (25%) in the 15mg group and three patients (37.5%) in the 30-mg group, similar to previous clinical trials [1, 3]. In conclusion, upadacitinib may be fast-acting against itch and highly effective against skin eruptions. Although no serious side effects were observed in our study, a larger number of patients should be studied in order to better assess the safety of this treatment.
Discovering chronic pain treatments: better animal models might help us get there

Only three classes of pain medications have made it into clinical use in the past 60 years despite intensive efforts and the need for nonaddictive pain treatments. One reason for the failure involves the use of animal models that lack mechanistic similarity to human pain conditions, with endpoint measurements that may not reflect the human pain experience. In this issue of the JCI, Ding, Fischer, and co-authors developed the foramen lacerum impingement of trigeminal nerve root (FLIT) model of human trigeminal neuralgia that has improved face, construct, and predictive validities over those of current models. They used the FLIT model to investigate the role that abnormal, hypersynchronous cortical activity contributed to a neuropathic pain state. Unrestrained, synchronous glutamatergic activity in the primary somatosensory cortex upper lip and jaw (S1ULp–S1J) region of the somatosensory cortex drove pain phenotypes. The model establishes a powerful tool to continue investigating the interaction between the peripheral and central nervous systems that leads to chronic pain.
Targeted PEGylated Chitosan Nano-complex for Delivery of Sodium Butyrate to Prostate Cancer: An In Vitro Study

Introduction: Cancer remains a challenging issue against human health throughout the world; As a result, introducing novel approaches would be beneficial for cancer treatment. In this research, sodium butyrate (Sb) is one of the effective anti-cancer therapeutics (also a potent survival factor for normal cells) that was used for prostate cancer suppression in the platform of modified chitosan (CS) nano-complex (polyethylene glycol (PEG)-folic acid (FA)-Sb-CS). Methods: Different analytical devices including Fourier transform infrared, dynamic light scattering, high-performance liquid chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were applied for the characterization of synthetics. On the other hand, biomedical tests including cell viability assay, molecular and functional assay of apoptosis/autophagy pathways, and cell cycle arrest analysis were potentially implemented on human PC3 (folate receptor-negative prostate cancer) and DU145 (folate receptor-positive prostate cancer) and HFF-1 normal cell lines. Results: The quality of the syntheses was effectively verified, and the size range from 140 to 170 nm was determined for the PEG-CS-FA-Sb sample. Also, 75 ± 5% of drug entrapment efficiency with controlled drug release manner (Sb release of 54.21% and 74.04% for pHs 7.4 and 5.0) were determined for nano-complex. Based on MTT results, PEG-CS-FA-Sb has indicated 72.07% and 33.53% cell viability after 24 h of treatment with 9 mM on PC3 and DU145 cell lines, respectively, which is desirable anti-cancer performance. The apoptotic and autophagy genes overexpression was 15-fold (caspase9), 2.5-fold (BAX), 11-fold (ATG5), 2-fold (BECLIN1), and 3-fold (mTORC1) genes in DU145 cancer cells. More than 50% of cell cycle arrest and 45.05% of apoptosis were obtained for DU145 cancer cells after treatment with nano-complex. Conclusion: Hence, the synthesized Sb-loaded nano-complex could specifically suppress prostate cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis and autophagy in the molecular and cellular phases.
Reading the room: Autistic traits, gaze behaviour, and the ability to infer social relationships

Individuals high in autistic traits can have difficulty understanding verbal and non-verbal cues, and may display atypical gaze behaviour during social interactions. The aim of this study was to examine differences among neurotypical individuals with high and low levels of autistic traits with regard to their gaze behaviour and their ability to assess peers’ social status accurately. Fifty-four university students who completed the 10-item Autism Quotient (AQ-10) were eye-tracked as they watched six 20-second video clips of people (“targets”) involved in a group decision-making task. Simulating natural, everyday social interactions, the video clips included moments of debate, humour, interruptions, and cross talk. Results showed that high-scorers on the AQ-10 (i.e., those with more autistic traits) did not differ from the low-scorers in either gaze behaviour or assessing the targets’ relative social status. The results based on this neurotypical group of participants suggest that the ability of individuals high in autistic traits to read social cues may be preserved in certain tasks crucial to navigating day-to-day social relationships. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for theory of mind, weak central coherence, and social motivation theories of autism.
Electronic band structure of zirconia and hafnia polymorphs from the GW perspective

The electronic structure of crystalline ZrO2 and HfO2 in the cubic, tetragonal, and monoclinic phase has been investigated using many-body perturbation theory in the GW approach based on density-functional theory calculations in the local-density approximation LDA. ZrO2 and HfO2 are found to have very similar quasiparticle band structures. Small differences between them are already well described at the LDA level indicating that the filled f shell in HfO2 has no significant effect on the GW corrections. A comparison with direct and inverse photoemission data shows that the GW density of states agrees very well with experiment. A systematic investigation into the structural and morphological dependence of the electronic structure reveals that the internal displacement of the oxygen atoms in the tetragonal phase has a significant effect on the band gap.
Predicting the development of T1D and identifying its Key Performance Indicators in children; a case-control study in Saudi Arabia

The increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children is a growing global concern. It is known that genetic and environmental factors contribute to childhood T1D. An optimal model to predict the development of T1D in children using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) would aid medical practitioners in developing intervention plans. This paper for the first time has built a model to predict the risk of developing T1D and identify its significant KPIs in children aged (0-14) in Saudi Arabia. Machine learning methods, namely Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, and Artificial Neural Network have been utilised and compared for their relative performance. Analyses were performed in a population-based case-control study from three Saudi Arabian regions. The dataset (n = 1,142) contained demographic and socioeconomic status, genetic and disease history, nutrition history, obstetric history, and maternal characteristics. The comparison between case and control groups showed that most children (cases = 68% and controls = 88%) are from urban areas, 69% (cases) and 66% (control) were delivered after a full-term pregnancy and 31% of cases group were delivered by caesarean, which was higher than the controls (χ2 = 4.12, P-value = 0.042). Models were built using all available environmental and family history factors. The efficacy of models was evaluated using Area Under the Curve, Sensitivity, F Score and Precision. Full logistic regression outperformed other models with Accuracy = 0.77, Sensitivity, F Score and Precision of 0.70, and AUC = 0.83. The most significant KPIs were early exposure to cow’s milk (OR = 2.92, P = 0.000), birth weight >4 Kg (OR = 3.11, P = 0.007), residency(rural) (OR = 3.74, P = 0.000), family history (first and second degree), and maternal age >25 years. The results presented here can assist healthcare providers in collecting and monitoring influential KPIs and developing intervention strategies to reduce the childhood T1D incidence rate in Saudi Arabia.
Sleep in young people: What works now and where to? A meta-review of behavioural and cognitive interventions and lifestyle factors

ABSTRACT Objectives 1) Systematically review meta-analyses and systematic reviews that (a) explored health/lifestyle factors affecting sleep, and/or (b) investigated behavioral/psychological sleep interventions in young people (10–25-years); 2) Evaluate the quality of published literature, and, if an intervention; 3) Examine method and effectiveness of mode of delivery, to inform current clinical practice and research direction. Method A systematic search of Embase (n = 45), MEDLINE (n = 67), Web of Science (n = 375), Google Scholar (n = 138), and hand-searching was conducted. After full review, 12 papers were selected, 2 systematic reviews without, and 10 with, meta-analyses. Six examined associations between sleep and lifestyle/health, and six examined cognitive-behavioral (n = 4), or school education (n = 2), programs. Results Electronic media use, type of day (week/end), sex, age, culture/geographical location, substance use, family environment, and evening light exposure were negatively associated with sleep, in young people. Only cognitive and/or behavioral interventions of at least 2 × 1-hr sessions improved sleep. Conclusion This paper informs sleep recommendations for young people and advises that ≥ 2 × 1-hr sessions of cognitive behavioral or behavioral therapy is the minimum to improve sleep in young people. School-based sleep interventions do not produce long-term change.
The national incidence of chondrosarcoma of bone; a review

Abstract Background Chondrosarcoma (CS) epidemiology has been studied by a number of authors using national cancer registry cohorts. Many reports share the common findings of a slight increase in incidence, but not all. The patterns and causes for these changes are divergent while reflection concerning methodological challenges are often missing. Method We have performed a structured literature review to find national analyses of CS incidence published from 2010 to 2020. We included eight studies of national incidence of CS, summarise their findings and patterns of change. We further discuss explanations given for these changes to better understand the real patterns and raise awareness in their interpretation. Results Reported crude incidence ranges from 0.27 per million per year overall in Saudi Arabia to 5.4 in the Netherlands. Four studies from the USA, England, Switzerland and France report age standardised rates of 2.0–4.1 per million per year overall. While some countries report stable patterns, most report a slight increase. The Netherlands is the only country reporting a large increase, driven by a 10-fold increase in the incidence of ACT/grade 1 CS during the study period. We challenge the explanations given for this and suggest that this most likely is a result of variable interpretation and definition of CS at the lower levels of disease aggressiveness. This should raise awareness to possible over-treatment of CS in the Netherlands. Conclusion The most likely national incidence of CS of bone is between 2–4 per million per year. Three modern reports present an incidence of 3.4–4.1 per million per year.
Winning! Election returns and engagement in social media

This article analyzes social media engagement when elections are adjudicated to one of the contending parties. We extend existing models of political dialogue to explain differences in social media engagement (i.e. time-to-retweet) when users support the winner or losers of an election. We show that users who support the winning candidate are more engaged and have a lower time-to-retweet. We also show heterogeneity in Twitter engagement conditional on the number of followers, with accounts with more followers being less sensitive to the election result. We measure the effect of electoral adjudication using a regression discontinuity design, with estimates by winning or losing status, and for accounts with many followers (high authority) or with few followers (low authority). Analyses use Twitter data collected in Argentina (2019), Brazil (2018), the United Kingdom (2019), and the United States (2016).
Evidence of Parallel Processing During Translation

Three eye tracking experiments test the hypothesis that translation involves parallel rather than sequential processing of the source and target texts. In Experiment 1, a group of professional translators translated texts from their native language Danish into English. The texts included both segments where the order of verb and subject was congruent between source and target text and segments that were non-congruent. Translators gazed significantly longer at the non-congruent segments of the source text, indicating that the structure of the target text is anticipated during source text reading. Two follow-up experiments on first and second language reading demonstrate that this congruence effect in translation is not the result of the non-congruent Danish segments being inherently more difficult than the congruent ones and that the effect is not a general effect in bilingual reading. We conclude that translation is a parallel process and that literal translation is likely to be a universal initial default strategy in translation. This conclusion is strengthened by the fact that all three experiments were relatively naturalistic, due to the combination of remote eye tracking and mixed-effects regression modeling.
Single-sided magnetic particle imaging device for the sentinel lymph node biopsy scenario

Beside the original scanner geometry for Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) introduced by Gleich et. al. in 2005,1 alternative scanner geometries have been introduced.2-4 In excess of the opportunities in medical application offered by MPI itself, these new scanner geometries permit additional medical application scenarios. Here, the single-sided scanner geometry is implemented as imaging device for supporting the sentinel lymph node biopsy concept. In this contribution, the medical application is outlined, and the geometry of the scanner device is presented together with first simulation results providing information about the achievable image quality.
Comparable Instrumented Knee Joint Laxity and Patient-Reported Outcomes After ACL Repair: Response

were unable to detect significant differences between the approaches, which does not imply that the 2 interventions were comparable. In fact, we would argue that the observed absolute difference of 15% for recurrent instability (35% vs 20%) and 11% for revision surgery (38% vs 27%) in favor of ACLR over DIS is clinically meaningful even though it was not statistically significant. From a scientific standpoint, we would have liked to see a clear statement of the total number of patients being analyzed for each outcome variable, an accurate representation of the study’s level of evidence and power, and a more neutral title to appropriately convey the study findings to the reader. This is particularly important given the clinical implications of the study’s conclusions. Once again, we congratulate the authors on their valuable work on an important topic. We encourage the authors to update their article and look forward to reading their future work to advance the field of ACL treatment and ACL repair. Armin Runer, MD Laura Keeling, MD Charity Patterson, PhD, MSPH Clair Smith, MS Volker Musahl, MD James Irrgang, PT, PhD Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Digital Therapeutics: Emerging New Therapy for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The increased prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide is particularly worrisome, as no medication has been approved to treat the disease. Lifestyle modifications aimed at promoting weight loss and weight maintenance remain the current first-line treatment for NAFLD. However, due to the lack of standard and scientific guidance and out-of-hospital supervision, long-term outcomes of lifestyle interventions for patients with NAFLD are often unsatisfactory. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic aggravated this dilemma. At the same time, digital therapeutics (DTx) are expected to be a new method for the convenient management and treatment of patients with NAFLD and are attracting a great deal of attention. DTx, which provide evidence-based medicine through software programs for remote intervention in preventing, treating, or managing diseases, overcome the drawbacks of traditional treatment. The efficacy of the approach has already been demonstrated for some chronic diseases, but DTx have not been fully developed for NAFLD. This study reviews the concepts, clinical value, and practical applications related to DTx, with an emphasis on recommendations based on unmet needs for NAFLD. A better understanding of the current state will help clinicians and researchers develop high-quality, standardized, and efficient DTx products, with the aim of optimizing the prognosis of patients with NAFLD.
Reduction of Surgical Site Infection After Trauma Laparotomy Through Use of a Specific Protocol for Antibiotic Prophylaxis.

Background: Emergency laparotomy for abdominal trauma is associated with high rates of surgical site infection (SSI). A protocol for antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) for trauma laparotomy was implemented to determine whether SSI could be reduced by adhering to established principles of AMP. Patients and Methods: A protocol utilizing ertapenem administered immediately before initiation of trauma laparotomy was adopted. Compliance with measures of adequate AMP were determined before and after protocol implementation, as were rates of SSI and other infections related to abdominal trauma. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine risk factors for development of infection related to trauma laparotomy. Results: Over a four-year period, 320 patient operations were reviewed. Ertapenem use for prophylaxis increased to 54% in the post-intervention cohort. Compliance with individual measures of appropriate AMP improved modestly. Overall, infections related to trauma laparotomy decreased by 46% (absolute decrease of 13%) in the post-intervention cohort. Multivariable analysis confirmed that treatment during the post-intervention phase was associated with this decrease, with a separate analysis suggesting that ertapenem use was an important factor in this decrease. Conclusions: Development of a standardized protocol for AMP in trauma laparotomy led to decreases in infectious complications after that procedure.
Development of the Turkish hearing in noise test for children

Objectives: The aim of this study is to develop the Turkish version of hearing in noise test for children (HINT-C) by providing norms and correction factors for the children in different age groups. Methods: A total of 77 individuals with normal hearing – 62 children (6–12 years old) and 15 adults (18–30 years old) – were included. Twelve phonemically balanced 10-sentence lists were created from the adult version of the Turkish HINT (Study 1). Age-specific norms, correction factors and maturation effects were examined using the Turkish HINT-C (Study 2). Results: Mean performances under different listening conditions and Spatial Release from Masking (SRM) advantage values were obtained for the 6-, 8-, 10-, and 12-year-old and estimated for the 7-, 9-, and 11-year-old age groups, and correction factors were calculated for all children age groups. Turkish-speaking children did not achieve adult-like hearing in noise performance, until they were 12 years old. Conclusions: Twelve phonemically balanced 10-sentence lists of Turkish HINT-C were created, and the mean performances of children in different age groups were measured. In addition to the age-specific HINT-C norms and correction factors for the 6-, 8-, 10-, and 12-year-old age groups, the maturation effects were determined. Highlights The assessment of speech-in-noise perception is highly critical for children. To evaluate the speech-in-noise perception ability, 12 phonemically balanced 10-sentence lists of Turkish HINT-C were created. Speech-in-noise perception ability improves with age. Turkish-speaking children do not achieve adult-like hearing in noise performance, until they were 12 years old.