Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF REDOX ON Mo, U, B, V, AND As SOLUBILITY IN EVAPORATION POND SOILS

Soils and irrigation drainwaters from the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, California have elevated levels of Mo, U, B, V, As, and Se. Much of the drainwater is disposed of in evaporation ponds that may be periodically dried, resulting in cyclic changes in the redox status of the pond sediments. A laboratory incubation study was conducted to evaluate the effects of redox status on the solubility of trace elements in saline sediments and soils from the San Joaquin valley. The elements U and Mo were mobilized under oxidizing conditions, while Fe, Mn, Ni, V, and As were more soluble under reducing conditions. Reduction and precipitation of Mo, apparently as MoS2, was observed from 1 to 10 days after flooding, but when reaerated the Mo resolubilized in less than 1 day. The reductive dissolution of Fe- and Mn-oxyhydroxides released adsorbed B, which resulted in an increased solution concentration of B. Low redox conditions in drainwater ponds may reduce the solution concentrations of U, Mo, and Se, thereby reducing their chances of entering the food chain through algae uptake. However, low redox conditions favor the solubilization of As and V, which may pose an alternative threat to wildlife visiting the ponds.
The Circumplex of Personality Metatraits and the HEXACO model: Towards refinement and integration.

OBJECTIVE There is a considerable body of evidence from the last 20 years indicating the need of reconceptualization of the highest level of personality structure that the Big Five/Five Factor Model (FFM; McCrae & Costa, 2003) was assumed to occupy. The main goal of the presented study was to test the relationships between two models that have been developed in this respect: The Circumplex of Personality Metatraits (CPM; Strus & Cieciuch, 2017), based on the higher-order factors of the Big Five, and the HEXACO model (Ashton & Lee, 2007) including a sixth basic personality dimension (Honesty-Humility). METHOD The sample consisted of 500 respondents (56.8% females; Mage 31.9, SDage = 14.0), all of whom completed the CPM, HEXACO, and FFM measures. RESULTS The results corroborated the expectation that the HEXACO model can be coherently located within the CPM model, despite the latter is rooted in the FFM research tradition. However, this substantial integration has been made possible by a relatively slight but crucial modification of the CPM, already suggested by previous research (Strus & Cieciuch, 2017). CONCLUSION After the modification, which concerned the location of the Neuroticism/Emotional stability trait, the CPM enables a comprehensive integration of major models of personality structure encompassing the Two Factor Model, FFM, and the HEXACO.
CKD Progression in Medicare Beneficiaries With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Treated With Apixaban Versus Warfarin.

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVES Comparing kidney disease progression among patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus warfarin has not been well studied. We hypothesized that apixaban, compared with warfarin, would be associated with lower risks of progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and progression to incident kidney failure in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS Medicare recipients with stages 3, 4, or 5 CKD and incident AF who received a new prescription for apixaban or warfarin between 2013 and 2017. EXPOSURE Apixaban or warfarin. OUTCOMES Progression to incident kidney failure or, separately, to a more advanced stage of CKD. ANALYTICAL APPROACH Marginal structural cause-specific proportional hazards models with inverse probability weighting to estimate marginal hazard ratios (HRs) for each outcome. HRs compared apixaban to warfarin in intention-to-treat (ITT) and censored-at-drug-switch (CAS) analyses. RESULTS A total of 12,816 individuals met inclusion criteria (50.3% apixaban, 49.7% warfarin). After weighting, the mean age of the cohort was 80 ± 7 years; 51% were women, and 88% were White. Approximately 84% had stage 3, 15% stage 4, and 1% stage 5 CKD. In the ITT analysis, apixaban, relative to warfarin, was associated with a HR of developing incident kidney failure of 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79-1.22) and of progression of CKD of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82-0.99). Corresponding HRs for the CAS analyses were 0.81 (95% CI, 0.56-1.17) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70-0.92). Results were similar for a series of subgroup and sensitivity analyses. LIMITATIONS CKD was defined based on diagnosis codes from claims; findings may not be generalizable to non-Medicare CKD populations. CONCLUSIONS Apixaban, compared with warfarin, was associated with lower risk of CKD stage progression, but not with incident kidney failure.
Thermodynamics of AOT Micelle Formation in Ethylammonium Nitrate

AOT micelle formation in ethylammonium nitrate (an ionic liquid) was investigated by surface tension measurement in this article and the critical micelle concentrations (cmc) of AOT in ethylammonium nitrate at different temperatures were obtained. The thermodynamic parameters of micelle formation were obtained according to the two-phase thermodynamic model. The results suggested that the micelle formation of AOT in ethylammonium nitrate was a spontaneous, endothermal and entropy-increasing process.
Haematologic toxicities with PARP inhibitors in cancer patients: an up‑to‑date meta‑analysis of 29 randomized controlled trials

Poly ADP‐ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have emerged as one of the most exciting new treatments for patients with certain types of cancer. Haematologic toxicities are common adverse events (AEs) for all PARP inhibitors. We conducted a meta‐analysis to fully investigate the haematologic toxicities of PARP inhibitors in cancer patients.
Linking changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence with drought stress susceptibility in mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek].

In the present study, the mung bean cv. NM-13-1Tol was selected as drought-tolerant and NM-54Sens as drought-sensitive. The effects of progressive drought (16 days) on the photosystem II (PSII) activity was assessed using OJIP and JIP-test in the selected two mung bean cultivars differing in drought tolerance. Drought stress reduced the relative water content to 70% (at threshold) and 62% (below the threshold) in cv.NM-13-1Tol and NM-54sens , respectively. The greater reduction in quantum yield of PSII in cv.NM-54sens due to drought stress was due to PSII photodamage. Raw OJIP induction curves and Fo and Fm normalised curves showed that significant changes in fluorescence occurred at the O, J, I and P steps only in cv. NM-54sens . Double normalised differential kinetics indicated adverse effects at the antennae, oxygen evolving complex and intersystem electron acceptors in cv.NM54sens . Moreover, JIP-test analysis showed that drought stress caused a greater decrease in performance index (PIABS ) in cv.NM-54sens as compared to that in cv. NM-13-1Tol , which is associated with an increase in Vj , rate of accumulation of closed reaction centres (Mo ), energy fluxes for absorption (ABS/RC), trapping (TRo /RC), electron transport (ETo /RC), and dissipation of absorbed energy as heat (DIo /RC). In conclusion, two-week drought stress reduced the RWC below the threshold in cv.NM54sens , which resulted in damages at the donor and acceptor sides of PSII. However, cv.NM-13-1Tol somehow maintained the RWC around the threshold and thus protected PSII. Of various JIP-test parameters, PIABS , Fv /Fm , Vj , and Mo are key indicators of drought stress tolerance in mung bean cultivars.
Temporomandibular joint anatomy: Ultrasonographic appearances and sexual dimorphism

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is common, with a greater prevalence in females. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used for clinical investigation, ultrasonography represents a potential alternative in some clinical scenarios. We designed a protocol for ultrasonographic evaluation of the TMJ and assessed its reliability. Presentation was compared between the sexes to establish whether an anatomical dichotomy underlies the female preponderance of TMJ dysfunction.
The Relationship Between Developmental Coordination Disorder and Concurrent Deficits in Social Communication and Repetitive Behaviors Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), characterized by core deficits in social communication and restrictive behaviors, can exhibit concurrent motor incoordination and/or intellectual disability (ID). While pervasive delays in motor behavior are common, formal diagnosis of Development Coordination Disorder (DCD) is uncommon. It is not clear how DCD and ID impact core deficits in ASD. This study utilized the Simons Foundation SPARK cohort to describe the scope of motor incoordination among children with ASD and examine the interrelationships between DCD risk, ID, and ASD core deficits. 10,234 children with ASD, between the ages of 5 and 15 years, were included in the analysis. Parents completed online versions of the DCD Questionnaire (DCD‐Q), Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) and Restrictive Behavior Scale (RBS‐R). 85% of children with ASD had DCD‐Q scores consistent with being at‐risk for DCD, but only 14% reported a formal diagnosis. Children with ID exhibited significantly greater motor incoordination compared to children without ID (P < 0.001). Significantly, greater core deficits were identified in both children at‐risk for DCD (P < 0.001) and with ID (P < 0.001). However, the effects of DCD risk were independent of ID and exhibited a medium effect size for SCQ (η2p = 0.063) and a small effect size for RBS‐R (η2p = 0.04) scores. Collectively, study outcomes reinforce the pervasiveness of motor incoordination among children with ASD, both with and without concurrent ID, and provide further justification for the inclusion of motor behavior in the early intervention and prescription for children with ASD.
Adaptation of Arabidopsis halleri to extreme metal pollution through limited metal accumulation involves changes in cell wall composition and metal homeostasis.

Metallophytes constitute powerful models to study metal homeostasis, adaptation to extreme environments and the evolution of naturally-selected traits. Arabidopsis halleri is a pseudometallophyte which shows constitutive Zn/Cd tolerance and Zn hyperaccumulation but high intraspecific variability in Cd accumulation. To examine the molecular basis of the variation in metal tolerance and accumulation, ionome, transcriptome and cell-wall glycan array profiles were compared in two genetically close A. halleri populations from metalliferous and non-metalliferous sites in Northern Italy. The metallicolous population displayed increased tolerance to, reduced hyperaccumulation of Zn and limited accumulation of Cd, as well as altered metal homeostasis, compared to the non-metallicolous population. This correlated well with the differential expression of transporter genes involved in trace metal entry and in Cd/Zn vacuolar sequestration in roots. Many cell wall-related genes were also more expressed in roots of the metallicolous population. Glycan array and histological staining analyses supported major differences between the two populations in the accumulation of specific root pectins and hemicelluloses epitopes. Our results supported a role for specific cell wall components and regulation of transporter genes of Arabidopsis halleri in limiting accumulation of metals on contaminated sites.
Comparative Coreflood Studies for Precipitation and Adsorption Squeeze with PPCA as the Scales Inhibitor

Abstract Comparative adsorption and precipitation squeezes carried out on field core materials demonstrate that significant lifetime enhancement is achievable for precipitation squeeze with respect to more conventional adsorption squeeze. Coreflood tests have been carried out under reservoir conditions (135°C) employing a poly-phosphinocarboxylate (PPCA) as the scales inhibitor. Field treatment simulations, carried out starting from coreflood data and considering the characteristics of a North Sea formation taken as the reference, confirmed the higher performance, in term of squeeze lifetime, of the precipitation squeeze with respect to adsorption. The results pointed out the importance of choosing the appropriate formulation once the operative conditions are known, in order to promote the inhibitor precipitation into the formation. Some implications of these results for the optimization of the precipitation squeeze technology for field applications, with particular emphasis to formation damage, are also discussed.
Proteomics and metabolomics of HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders: A systematic review

HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are common features of the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 within the central nervous system (CNS). The underlying neuropathophysiology of HAND is incompletely known. Furthermore, there are no markers to effectively predict or stratify the risk of HAND. Recent advancements in the fields of proteomics and metabolomics have shown promise in addressing these concerns, however, it is not clear if these approaches may provide new insight into pathways and markers related to HAND. We therefore conducted a systematic review of studies using proteomic and/or metabolomic approaches in the aim of identifying pathways or markers associated with neurocognitive impairment in people living with HIV (PLWH). Thirteen studies were eligible, including 11 proteomic and 2 metabolomic investigations of HIV‐positive clinical samples (cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain tissue, and serum). Across varying profiling techniques and sample types, the majority of studies found an association of markers with neurocognitive function in PLWH. These included metabolic marker myo‐inositol and proteomic markers superoxide dismutase, gelsolin, afamin, sphingomyelin, and ceramide. Certain markers were found to be dysregulated across various sample types. Afamin and gelsolin overlapped in studies of blood and CSF and sphingomyelin and ceramide overlapped in studies of CSF and brain tissue. The association of these markers with neurocognitive functioning may indicate the activity of certain pathways, potentially those related to the underlying neuropathophysiology of HAND.
Neutropenia in dogs receiving vincristine for treatment of presumptive immune-mediated thrombocytopenia.

BACKGROUND Neutropenia is an adverse effect of vincristine when used in multidrug chemotherapy protocols. OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of neutropenia, identify potential risk factors for neutropenia, and determine the effect of neutropenia on outcome, in dogs receiving vincristine for treatment of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (ITP). ANIMALS One hundred twenty-seven client-owned dogs presumptively diagnosed with ITP. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, medical records were reviewed to identify dogs presumptively diagnosed with ITP, and treated with vincristine, over a 15-year period. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for the development of neutropenia in dogs receiving vincristine. Time to platelet count ≥40 000 platelets/μL, survival, and duration of hospitalization were compared between neutropenic and non-neutropenic dogs. RESULTS Vincristine was administered to 127 dogs with presumptive ITP; 19 became neutropenic. Administration of cyclosporine was significantly (P < .001) associated with the development of neutropenia (odds ratio: 12.97, 95% confidence interval: 4.17, 40.35). There was no difference in median time to ≥40 000 platelets/μL between neutropenic dogs (4 days; range, 1-14 days) and non-neutropenic dogs (3 days; range, 0-48 days). Percentage survival to discharge was 95% in both groups, but median duration of hospitalization was significantly longer in neutropenic dogs (6 days; range, 3-22 days) compared to non-neutropenic dogs (4 days; range, 2-15 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Cyclosporine administration was associated with the development of neutropenia in dogs receiving vincristine, which might be related to effects on metabolism of vincristine. Neutrophil counts should be monitored in dogs receiving vincristine treatment for ITP, particularly if administered in conjunction with cyclosporine.
Measurements of directed, elliptic, and triangular flow ofcharged hadrons from Cu+Au collisions atsqrt(sNN) = 200 GeV with PHENIX at RHIC

Measurements of anisotropic flow of inclusive charged hadrons and identified π±, K±, p and p̄ produced at midrapidity in asymmetric Cu+Au collisions at √ sNN = 200 GeV are presented. The data were collected by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in 2012. The first three Fourier coefficients in the particles’ azimuthal distributions, v1, v2, and v3 characterizing directed, elliptic, and triangular flow are studied over a broad range of transverse momentum and collision centrality. System comparisons are made with Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at the same center-of-mass energy and varying scaling parameters are used to investigate the effects of the initial geometry. The slopes of the measured vn distributions are ordered by particle mass as expected in a system with global flow. The results are well described by viscous hydrodynamics calculations with shear viscosity over entropy density values close to the quantum minimum.
Study on pH Fluorescent Probe Based on Exocyclic Ring-Fused Boron Dipyrromethene Fluorophore

Compound d was prepared by the improved three-step synthetic route using cyclohexene as starting material. After treatment of d with excess LiAlH4 at high temperature, the obtained e was reacted with various kinds of aromatic aldehydes including 4-N, N-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, benzaldehyde and 4-formyl-benzo-15-crown-5, respectively, in the presence of CF3COOH and oxidated with DDQ, followed by treatment with NEt3 and BF3.Et2O to provide five kinds of BODIPY derivatives fused with exocyclic rings. Their absorption and fluorescence properties were investigated. The fluorometric titrations were performed to examine their responsive abilities to pH in CH3OH-H2O (1:1, V/V). The results indicate that BODIPY 1 and 2 can be applied as a fluorescent probe for pH sensing in the acid and alkaline region, respectively, and switching between the fluorescence “ON/OFF” states in BODIPY 1 or 2 can be repeated by modulation of protonation/deprotonation process without decomposition and formation of precipitates. Moreover, the design principle and sensing mechanism of two probes are also preliminarily discussed.
Examination of Sulfur-Functionalized, Copper-Doped Iron Nanoparticles for Vapor-Phase Mercury Capture in Entrained-Flow and Fixed-Bed Systems

The use of copper-doped Fe nanoaggregates silanized with organic sulfur as bis-(triethoxy silyl propyl)-tetra sulfide has been investigated for the capture of elemental mercury (Hg0) from the vapor phase for potential power plant applications. Silanization procedures resulted in 70% deposition of the targeted sulfur level, with particles containing approximately 4 wt % S. The addition of copper was found to increase the fixed-bed (total) capacity of this type of sorbent from 170 ± 20 μg Hg·g sorbent-1 with no copper doping to 2730 ± 80 μg Hg·g sorbent-1 at 1.2 wt % Cu. When no S is deposited, the capacity of Fe/Cu nanoaggregates was only 180 μg Hg·g sorbent-1. These findings suggest that a combined Cu−S mechanism is responsible for Hg capture. Moving-bed (injection) testing of the Fe-based sorbents in a simulated flue gas stream showed that the 1.2 wt % Cu sample was able to achieve significant removal of the Hg. At a modest sorbent injection rate of 3.6 × 10-3 g·L-1·h-1, this material showed a steady-sta.
Composition of Peucedanum longifolium Waldst. & Kit. essential oil and volatiles obtained by headspace

The present study reports the chemical composition of Peucedanum longifolium essential oil and headspace (HS) volatiles obtained from the fresh aerial parts. The major contributors of the essential oil were β-elemene (24.7%), (E)-β-ocimene (11.7%), cis-linalool oxide (furanoid, 5.7%), (Z)-β-ocimene (5.6%) and α-humulene (5.2%). HS analysis of the above ground plant parts has enabled the identification of thirty-one components, representing 98.7% of the total volatiles. The main constituents were: (E)-β-ocimene (28.5%), (Z)-β-ocimene (11.9%), α-pinene (8.9%), myrcene (8.5%), p-cymene (6.4%), limonene (6.3%), sabinene (6.0%) and α-phellandrene (5.6%). Twenty-six components were in common for both the oil and HS volatiles, which is 77.3% of the oil and 97.1% of the HS sample.
Alkylcyclohexanes in Environmental Geochemistry

The n -alkylated cyclohexanes (CHs) are a homologous series of hydrocarbon compounds that are commonly present in crude oil and refinery products such as diesel fuel. These compounds exhibit specific distribution patterns for different fuel types, providing useful fingerprints for characterizing petroleum products, especially after degradation of n -alkanes has occurred. However, there are no published data to show how these compounds are altered in the environment after long-term spillage of petroleum products. This paper presents two case studies of oil spills that demonstrate the changing distribution patterns resulting from long-term anaerobic microbial degradation. These spills are the 1979 crude-oil spill in Bemidji, Minnesota, and a chronic diesel-fuel spillage from 1953-1991 at Mandan, North Dakota. The alkyl CHs in both spilled oil products are affected by similar biodegradative processes in which the compounds undergo a consistent pattern of loss from the high molecular weight end of the homolog.
Fourier transform infrared and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction studies of the thermal cyclization reactions of high‐molar‐mass poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐itaconic acid)

The stabilization reactions of a high-molar-mass poly(acrylonitrile-co-itaconic acid) precursor in air at 200, 220, and 240°C were studied with Fourier transform infrared. Principally, the cyclization of nitrile groups leading to the ladder structures of tetrahydropyridine occurred. Evidence for oxidative reactions causing the conversion of the CC structure to CC and generating groups such as OH and CO was also obtained. As the temperature of stabilization was increased, the rate of the reaction increased without causing great changes in the Fourier transform infrared spectral patterns. The maximum nitrile conversion achievable was limited by the temperature of stabilization. Although the reaction stagnated at 40 and 80% at 200 and 220°C, it was practically complete in about an hour at 240°C. Higher temperatures also favored the formation of extended conjugated structures. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction studies of the polymer stabilized at 300 and 400°C in argon confirmed that the aromatization index value and the crystallinity of the polymer increased proportionally to the temperature of pyrolysis. An analysis of the wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern and the elemental composition of the stabilized polymer implied the formation of the tetrahydropyridine structure at 400°C. The higher pyrolysis temperature favored the formation of the lattice constituted by this group. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3055–3062, 2006
New D: A-friedooleananes from Euonymus revolutus (Celastraceae)

Three new D:A-friedooleananes isolated from the stem bark of Euonymus revolutus Wight (Celastraceae) were established to be 2α-hydroxy-3-oxo-D:A-friedooleanan-28-oic acid, 3α-hydroxy-2-oxo-D:A-friedooleanan-28-oic acid, and 29-hydroxy-3-oxo-D:A-friedooleanan-28-oic acid on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical interconversions.