Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Severity in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension by Quantitative Parameters of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the correlation between dual-energy computed tomography quantitative parameters and hemodynamics in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Methods Dual-energy computed tomography of 52 chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients were evaluated retrospectively. The mean lung perfused blood volume (lung PBV) and the mean pulmonary artery (PA) enhancement measured at pulmonary parenchymal phase were compared with the hemodynamics by Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rs) and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results Lung PBV was correlated with mean pulmonary arterial pressure (rs = 0.47, P < 0.001). Pulmonary artery enhancement was correlated with cardiac index (rs = −0.49, P < 0.001) and pulmonary vascular resistance (rs = 0.48, P < 0.001). The areas under the curves were 0.86 for lung PBV to predict mean pulmonary arterial pressure of >50 mm Hg and 0.86 for PA enhancement to predict pulmonary vascular resistance of >1000 dyne·s/cm5. Conclusions Lung PBV and PA enhancement could be indicators of hemodynamics.
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Assessing Survival in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

Abstract Background The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in 2019 has spread worldwide and continues to cause great threat to peoples’ health as well as put pressure on the accessibility of medical systems. Early prediction of survival of hospitalized patients will help the clinical management of COVID-19, but such a prediction model which is reliable and valid is still lacking. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 628 confirmed cases of COVID-19 using positive RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 in Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China. These patients were randomly grouped into a training cohort (60%) and a validation cohort (40%). In the training cohort, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis were utilized to identify prognostic factors for in-hospital survival of patients with COVID-19. A nomogram based on the three variables was built for clinical use. Areas under the ROC curves (AUC), concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve were used to evaluate the efficiency of the nomogram in both the training and validation cohorts. Results Hypertension, higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and increased NT-proBNP value were found to be significantly associated with poorer prognosis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The three predictors were further used to build a prediction nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram in the training and validation cohorts was 0.901 and 0.892, respectively. The AUC in the training cohort was 0.922 for 14- day and 0.919 for 21-day probability of in-hospital survival, while in the validation cohort was 0.922 and 0.881, respectively. Moreover, the calibration curve for 14- day and 21-day survival also showed high coherence between the predicted and actual probability of survival. Conclusion We managed to build a predictive model and constructed a nomogram for predicting in-hospital survival of patients with COVID-19. This model represents good performance and might be utilized clinically in the management of COVID-19.
Musculoskeletal Complaints in Occupational Therapists Compared to the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Germany

Occupational therapists (OTs) are exposed to physical factors at work, which can lead to an increased risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Most studies examining musculoskeletal complaints in OT report that the neck, shoulders, and lower back are most often afflicted. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of work as an OT (focusing on specific work tasks) on specific musculoskeletal complaints compared to the general working population. A cross-sectional study involving a self-administered standardized questionnaire was conducted from January until October 2015 in Germany. In OT and the comparison group, the highest 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders were observed for the lower back, the neck, and the shoulders. In contrast, elevated prevalence ratios (PR) were found for OT in the thumbs (PR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.9–3.8), the wrists (PR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.1–1.8), and the elbows (PR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.0–2.2). OTs were particularly exposed to high exertion hand activity and several stressful postures at work. In conclusion, OTs seem to be at risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal complaints in the thumbs, wrists, and elbows. Preventive measures should help to reduce the exposures caused by highly repetitive and forceful hand activities.
Lake Drainage in Permafrost Regions Produces Variable Plant Communities of High Biomass and Productivity

Climate warming, increased precipitation, and permafrost thaw in the Arctic are accompanied by an increase in the frequency of full or partial drainage of thermokarst lakes. After lake drainage, highly productive plant communities on nutrient-rich sediments may develop, thus increasing the influencing greening trends of Arctic tundra. However, the magnitude and extent of this process remain poorly understood. Here we characterized plant succession and productivity along a chronosequence of eight drained thermokarst lakes (khasyreys), located in the low-Arctic tundra of the Western Siberian Lowland (WSL), the largest permafrost peatland in the world. Based on a combination of satellite imagery, archive mapping, and radiocarbon dating, we distinguished early (<50 years), mid (50–200 years), and late (200–2000 years) ecosystem stages depending on the age of drainage. In 48 sites within the different aged khasyreys, we measured plant phytomass and productivity, satellite-derived NDVImax, species composition, soil chemistry including nutrients, and plant elementary composition. The annual aboveground net primary productivity of the early and mid khasyrey ranged from 1134 and 660 g·m−2·y−1, which is two to nine times higher than that of the surrounding tundra. Late stages exhibited three to five times lower plant productivity and these ecosystems were distinctly different from early and mid-stages in terms of peat thickness and pools of soil nitrogen and potassium. We conclude that the main driving factor of the vegetation succession in the khasyreys is the accumulation of peat and the permafrost aggradation. The soil nutrient depletion occurs simultaneously with a decrease in the thickness of the active layer and an increase in the thickness of the peat. The early and mid khasyreys may provide a substantial contribution to the observed greening of the WSL low-Arctic tundra.
AN ASSESSMENT OF GAMMA RAY INDUCED MUTATIONS IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)

Gamma ray seed treatment (10, 20 and 30 kR doses) of two cultivars, namely, MPRI-7 and Lanjhi was found to affect pollen and spikelet fertility in M1 generation at higher dose. Chlorophyll and morphological mutations having wider spectrum were also obsrved in M2 generation.
A euthycarcinoid arthropod from the Silurian of Western Australia

The Euthycarcinoidea is a superclass of the arthropod phylum Uniramia and one of the rarest groups of fossil arthropods. Only seven species in five genera have been described, from rocks of Late Carboniferous age in France and the USA, and of Middle Triassic age in France and eastern Australia. Here, a much older euthycarcinoid, from a mixed sequence of fluviatile and aeolian sandstones of probable Late Silurian age in Western Australia, is described as Kalbarria brimmellae gen. et sp. nov. Because of their uniramian affinities, it has previously been suggested that euthycarcinoids may be the closest ancestral relatives of hexapods. Although previous evidence had indicated that the earliest hexapod predated the earliest euthycarcinoid, the discovery of a euthycarcinoid about 120 million years older than the previous oldest record, and predating the oldest known hexapod, provides strong support for the view that the hexapods may have evolved from the Euthycarcinoidea. A model illustrating euthycarcinoid origins from myriapods, and hexapod origins from euthycarcinoids is proposed, based on paedomorphic loss of appendages.
Differential Responses of Hybrid Bluegrass and Kentucky Bluegrass to Drought and Heat Stress

This study was designed to investigate differential responses of hybrids from Texas bluegrass (Poa arachnifera Torr.) · Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) (KBG) and KBG genotypes to drought and heat stress. Plants of two hybrids, '845' and 'BDF', and two KBG genotypes ('Midnight' and 'C-74') were grown under optimal temperature (22/18 8C) and well-watered (control) or unwatered (drought) or superoptimal temper- atures (35/30 8C; heat stress) conditions for 35 days in growth chambers. Under optimal conditions, the two hybrids and two KBG genotypes were not significantly different in turf quality, leaf photochemical efficiency expressed as chlorophyll fluorescence ratio (Fv/Fm), leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate, water use efficiency (WUE), root dry matter, or root viability. The results suggest that the interspecific hybridization resulted in similar growth and physiological traits in the hybrid bluegrass as in a turf-type species under optimal temperature and irrigation regimes. Under drought stress, all these parameters were comparable to those for KBG 'Midnight', but significantly higher than the corresponding parameters for KBG 'C-74'. Under heat stress, both hybrids had significantly higher turf quality, Fv/Fm, Pn, transpiration rate, WUE, root dry weight in deeper soil depth (40 to 60 cm), and root viability in the upper 40-cm layer compared with both KBG genotypes. These results suggested that hybrid bluegrass exhibited improvement in drought and heat tolerance, particularly in comparison with KBG 'C-74', but to a great extent for heat tolerance. The maintenance of higher transpiration and photosynthesis, WUE, and root viability was associated with the improvement in heat tolerance in hybrid bluegrass.
Black and White Marriage Patterns: Why So Different?

This paper examines the process of entry into first marriage in the United States for blacks and whites. These patterns are analyzed and compared using a statistical model suitable for the analysis of survey data on age at marriage for cohorts who have yet to complete their marriage experience. Estimates of this model reveal three main differences between the first marriage patterns of black women and white women: (1) lower proportions of blacks marry than whites, (2) the proportion of women who ever-marry has declined substantially across cohorts of black women but only modestly across cohorts of white women, and (3) increased education is associated with a reduced probability of ever-marrying for white women, but an increased proba­ bility for blacks. We then explore three alternative explanations for the observed differences in the marriage patterns of black and white women. Overall, we are able to demonstrate the consistency of the racial differences in nuptiality patterns with our three alternative explanations. 1 BLACK AND WHITE MARRIAGE PATTERNS: WHY so DI~FERENT? Introduction For some time there has been an awareness that marriage rates, and family formation in general, have differed for whites and blacks. In 1965, the Moynihan report saw black family structure disintegrating and the black community enmeshed in a "tangle of pathology". Moynihan and other proponents of this view (Bernard, 1966; Rainwater, 1966) found that many problems faced by blacks, such as crime, delinquency, and the lack of upward mobility were due to a matriarchal culture and high rates of illegitimacy and marital dissolution. The main objections to this view were (1) to its attribution of the "pathological" behavior of lower-class bl~ck families to individuals rather than to defects in the social system, J2) to the view of family structure as the cause of black-white inequality (Rainwater and Yancey, 19671, and (3) to the adoption of an attitude of "blaming the victim" (Hill, 1972). Some sought to show that ·while some differences between white and black family structure exist, these are small when one controls for socioeconomic differences (Heisse, 1975). Stressing the basic sameness of black and white families, this approach assumes that marriage is valued to a high degree among blacks but factors such as higher rates of unemployment prevent marriages from taking place or contribute to their dissolution. Another perspective holds that black families ought not to be viewed as deficient when compared to the norms of the white middle class (Hill, 1972; Nobles, 1974), but instead ougnt to be seen as a unique cultural form valid on its own terms. Both of tnese approaches question tne use of the nuclear family as a stanaard against wnich blacK families ought to be compared. Ratner, to a certain extent eacn argues that the extenoed family characterizes many families
Development of Oxygen Consumption Formula for Energy Expenditure Prediction among Young Industrial Workers

VO2 (L/min) = 1.117 – 0.012 H(cm) + 0.015 W(kg) – 0.039 A (yrs) + 0.019 HR(beat/min) VO2 relative rate (ml/kg/min) = 60.881 – 0.339 H(cm) – 0.949 A (yrs) + 0.351 HR(beat/min) The result of validation for treadmill activity, VO2 relative rate’s data was similar between the actual value of experiments and estimation value from the formula with the R2, i.e. 0.036. The validation for manual material handling activity was found different.
Growth and carbon stock change in eucalypt woodlands in northeast Australia: ecological and greenhouse sink implications

Data from 57 permanent monitoring sites are used to document the growth in woody vegetation and estimate the carbon sink in 27 M ha of eucalypt woodlands (savannas), contained within c. 60 M ha of grazed woodlands in Queensland (northeast Australia). The study sites are shown to be representative of the environment and structure of the eucalypt woodlands in the defined study area. Mean basal area increment for all live woody plants in 30 long‐term sites, with an average initial basal area of 11.86 ± 1.38 (SE) m2 ha−1, was 1.06 m2 ha−1 over a mean 14 years timeframe. The majority of the measurement period, commencing between 1982 and 1988, was characterized by below‐average rainfall. The increase in live tree basal area was due primarily to growth of existing trees (3.12 m2 ha−1) rather than establishment of new plants (0.25 m2 ha−1) and was partly offset by death (2.31 m2 ha−1). A simple but robust relationship between stand basal area and stand biomass of all woody species was developed for the eucalypt dominant woodlands. Analysis of above‐ground carbon stocks in live and standing dead woody plants gave a mean net above‐ground annual carbon increment for all 57 sites of 0.53 t C ha−1 y−1, similar to values estimated elsewhere in world savannas. Published root : shoot ratios were used to infer C flux in woody root systems on these sites. This results in an estimated sink in above‐ and below‐ground biomass of 18 Mt C y−1 over the eucalypt woodlands studied, and potentially up to 35 Mt C y−1 if extended to all grazed woodlands in Queensland. It is suggested that introduction of livestock grazing and altered fire regimes have triggered the change in tree‐grass dominance in these woodlands. Thus, change in carbon stocks in the grazed woodlands of Queensland is identified as an important component of human‐induced greenhouse gas flux in Australia, equivalent in magnitude to c. 25% of the most recently published (1999) total estimated national net emissions. The latter inventory takes into account emissions from land clearing, but does not include the sink identified in the present study. This sequestration also represents a small but significant contribution to the global terrestrial carbon sink.
Development and Function of Intestinal B and T Cells

The gastrointestinal immune system has evolved under the dual evolutionary pressure of preventing bacterial invasion along its extensive epithelial surfaces, while permitting absorption of nutrients. Accordingly, the development, selection and function of mucosal immune cells differ from comparable characteristics of lymphoid cells in other peripheral tissues. In the normal state, intestinal immune responses are aiming at exclusion of antigens - that is, preventing translocation of intestinal microorganisms and dangerous immunogenic substances such as bacterial toxins into the lamina propria. Furthermore, presentation of soluble food proteins and components of the autologous intestinal microflora to mucosal T and B cells, apparently results in immunological downregulation as well as active suppression of systemic immune responses, a phenomenon termed mucosal or 'oral' tolerance. The normal microbial flora has a major impact on the pool size, composition, antigen recognition repertoire, and effector function of mucosal immune cells. Local antibody responses are characterized by differentiation of B lymphocytes to lamina propria plasma cells which produce polymeric immunoglobulins, a process strictly regulated by mucosal T cells. Polymeric immunoglobulins (e.g., dimeric IgA and pentameric IgM) are actively transported by a specific receptor across the epithelial barrier into the gut lumen where they can bind bacteria and soluble antigens, thereby preventing them from adhering to, and penetrating, the mucosal surface. A major population of intestinal T cells is located in the surface epithelium, thus being strategically situated at the interface between the gut lumen and the interior of the body. However, their precise role in microbial defence has not yet been established. It is remarkable how the immune system normally maintains the balance between exclusion of (but coexistence with) the commensal gut bacteria, while protecting against (and eventually eliminating) intestinal pathogens. This immune balance appears to be tightly regulated by intestinal T cells. Recent findings in various genetically manipulated mouse models suggest that a dysregulated T-cell response against the normal intestinal microflora may lead to progressive inflammatory disease in the gut. This adverse development appears to reflect abrogation of oral tolerance and may be a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Also the development of atopic allergy appears to be influenced by immunoregulatory mechanisms on which the intestinal microflora exerts a substantial impact in terms of both mucosal barrier maintenance, oral tolerance and a balanced cytokine profile.
Perennial grasses for turf, sport and amenity uses: evolution of form, function and fitness for human benefit

The history of genetic modification and improvement of perennial grasses used for turf and sport can be traced back to the earliest events leading to the evolution of traits such as perenniality, asexual reproduction by rhizomes or stolons, apical dominance and hardening or acclimation responses to environmental stress. Human influences on perennial grasses likely began with the dawn of agriculture and the domestication of livestock about 8–10000 years ago with the movement of grasses from forest margins and meadows to pastures and cropland. As agrarian cultures found more time for leisure and recreation, perennial grasses became multi-functional, taking on a greater role with the invention of ball games, sports and a sod industry. Early human selection of superior turf grasses was largely based on individual clones that were vegetatively propagated for commercial purposes, dating back as far as 12th century Japan. The science of turf breeding began in 1962 with the initiation of extensive efforts to collect superior clones from old turf sods in highly stressful environments, followed by numerous cycles of recurrent selection for turf traits in harsh environments and under realistic mowing regimes. These efforts spawned many public and commercial breeding ventures and thousands of cultivars that have spread throughout the world, improving the quality, persistence and functionality of turf for many uses.
RESPONSES OF Protocorm Like Bodies HYBRID DENDROBIUM ORCHID ON VARIOUS TYPES AND CONCENTRATION OF CYTOKININ AND AUXIN ON MURASHIGE AND SKOOG (MS) MEDIUM

The purpose of this research was to find out the best influence of type and concentration of cytokinin and auxin on plb of Hybrid Dendrobium orchid growth. The Completely Randomized Design was used in this experiment with twelve treatments and replicated three times. The responses were observed including the addition of plb number, the sum of shoots, roots and leaves. The result showed that the type and concentration of Plant growth regulator of cytokinin and auxin on MS medium there was significant effect on characters sum of plb and shoots, but was not significant effect on characters sum of roots and leaves. The treatment of BAP 4 mg/L+ NAA 1 mg/L was the efficient treatment on the characters addition sum of plb and the treatment TDZ 0.02 mg/L + NAA 1 mg/L on shoots and leaves and the treatment BAP 2 mg/L + NAA 1 mg/L on the sum of roots.
Sexually transmitted disease in a promiscuous insect, Adalia bipunctata

Abstract. 1 Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have rarely been reported in insects and other invertebrates. The majority of those reported involve organisms where sexual transmission is augmented by either vertical (i.e. inherited) transmission, or horizontal transmission, independent of host sexual activity. 2 We here demonstrate the existence of an STD in the coccinellid beetle Adalia bipunctata. This species bears a parasitic mite of the genus Coccipolipus. We show that, like many other podapolipid mites, this mite is transmitted between host individuals at a high rate during copulation. It also appears to be transmitted at a low rate between non‐copulating individuals. 3 We show that infected female A.bipunctata produced eggs at a reduced rate, and that the eggs produced by infected females have highly decreased viability. However, no effect of infection upon host longevity was observed. 4 The results are discussed in relation to the incidences of sexually transmitted disease in invertebrates in general, the causes of disease symptoms, and the importance of this disease in the evolution of A.bipunctata.
Eclarite and other Bi-minerals from the Jishakuyama ore deposit of the Akagane mine, Iwate Prefecture, Japan

Eclarite occurs in hydrothermal quartz veins cutting quartz porphyry at the Jishakuyama orebody of the Akagane mine, Oshu City, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. It is mainly found as aggregates of lead-grey platy acicular crystals up to 1 mm long. Eclarite-bearing quartz veins include such Biminerals as bismuth, bismuthinite, ikunolite, joséite-A and joséite-B. They are in association with chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, galena, sphalerite, pyrite, molybdenite, scheelite and gold. The secondary Bi-bearing minerals are cannonite and bismite. The representative chemical analyses of eclarite gave Bi 46.86; 46.50, Sb 2.85; 2.82, Pb 31.89; 31.96, Cu 1.05; 0.92, Fe 0.52; 0.61, S 17.08; 17.04, total 100.25; 99.85 wt. %. The empirical formulae are: (Cu0.87Fe0.49)∑1.36Pb8. 09(Bi11.79Sb1.23)∑13.02S28 and (Cu0.76Fe0.57)∑1.33Pb8. 13(Bi11.73Sb1.22)∑12.95S28 on the basis of S=28, respectively. The unit cell parameters calculated from the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data are; a=4.030(4), b=22.71(9), c=54.66(7) Å, V=5002(22) Å3.