Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Performance and Degradation for Lithium Titanate Oxide Batteries

Energy storage (ES) has become a key enabling technology for a wide range of applications, which includes among others electrical vehicles (EVs) and smart grids. Various ES technologies are available and they greatly differ in their operation principle, maturity level, performance behavior, and lifetime characteristics. However, Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have detached as one of the very few ES technologies, which meet the requirements of different applications such as consumer electronics, EVs, grid support, and enhancing renewable’s grid integration. The Li-ion batteries have continuously developed in the past years either by improving the already existing chemistries or by looking into new chemistries; this is also the case of the Lithium Titanate Oxide (further referred as LTO) based batteries, which use LTO as anode active material instead of the traditional graphite. LTO-based batteries are characterized by high power capability during both charging and discharging (e.g., up to 10 C-rate), high thermal stability, increased safety, and long lifetime (e.g., up to 15.000 full cycles) at the expense of a low energy density, which is mainly caused by the low operating voltage (i.e., 2.3V). As LTO is a quite new Li-ion battery chemistry, its behavior and characteristics are still not totally understood yet. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation has been to push forward the state-of-art knowledge regarding LTO-based Li-ion batteries. An extensive experimental laboratory characterization testing procedure was developed and applied to several 13 Ah LTO-based Li-ion batteries. Thus, the batteries’ capacity, open circuit voltage, internal resistance, power capability, and small signal AC impedance were measured over a wide temperature range (i.e., 5◦C to 45◦C) and for various load currents (i.e., from C/10-rate to 9C). Based on these performance results, models able to predict the dynamic behavior of the LTO-based battery cells were developed and experimentally validated. These electrical battery models were built using results from both electrochemical impedance technique and DC pulse technique performed under various operating conditions. The electrical model based on DC pulse technique is able to simulate the dynamic voltage response of the studied LTO-based Li-ion battery cell and
Cost analysis of a medication dispensing service in community pharmacy in Brazil

This study was aimed to calculate in detail the costs of a medication dispensing service in community pharmacy in Brazil. Descriptive and retrospective analysis with a cost analysis based on mixed costing; absorption costing and time-driven activity based-costing, considering year 2018 and both public and private health system perspectives within a one-year time horizon to estimates costs related to implement and to deploy the service, costs per patient and costs per activity of process (US$ 1 = R$ 3.8310 in October, 2018). Total costs of dispensing service ranged from US$ 24,451.61 to US$ 37,914.48. Costs per patient ranged from US$ 2.43 to US$ 3.77. Costs per activity of the process ranged from US$ 0.39 in pharmacotherapy assessment to US$ 2.46 in pharmaceutical interview. This provides evidence to deploy and implement a structured medication dispensing service in community pharmacy in Brazil with a view to optimize the usage of medicines.
Psychosocial Factors Associated with Initiation and Continuation of Substance Abuse among Preparatory Students in Addis Ababa

Background Substance abuse is the use of illicit drugs or the abuse of prescription or over the Counter drugs for the purpose other than those for which they are indicated or in a manner or in quantities other than directed. Substance abuse is an emerging public health problem in Ethiopia, like other African countries. Methods School based cross-sectional survey was employed. A total of 326 students were randomly selected from one government and two private schools. The 296 Sample size was calculated using the formula of a single population proportion and calculated using software Epi-info stat calculation by taking 31% proportion from previous study with confidence level of 95% and 5% degree of precision. Non-response rate in this study was estimated to be 10% (30). We use self-administer questionnaire to assess the physiological factors associated with initiation and continuation of substance abuse. Results The magnitude and the prevalence of substance abuse were 24.8% and the commonly abused were alcohol (30.8%), kchat (15.4%) and cigarette (11%). Other substances are rarely abused. The study also showed that male students were abused substance [OR, 95% CI: 3.150 (1.451, 8.685)] three times higher than that of females. In addition those who abused substances through peer pressure or [OR, 95% CI: 7.599 (4.571, 16.174)] were eight times more likely to abuse substances in contrast with those who did not. Other psychosocial factors: curiosity, poor family relationship and stress were positively associated with substance abuse. Conclusion substance abuse is a threat problem to the public as well as to the preparatory students of Addis Ababa; it is strong positively associated with various variables such as male students, peer pressure, curiosity, poor family relationship and stress of students. Peer pressure was the major precipitating factor for substance abuse followed by curiosity. The most commonly abused substances were alcohol, khat and cigarette. Yet, the magnitude of factors for substance abuse is high. From this, it can be generally said that substance abuse is a pressing issue for preparatory students.
Anthropometric assessment of children aged between 6 and 14 years from a school in Lisbon

As a global epidemic, obesity is currently a significant public health challenge, especially in children. Childhood obesity is related to short term consequences, but also with an increased risk to develop many comorbidities in adult life, such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, strokes, and others. A cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of normal weight, pre-obesity and obesity in school-aged children was designed. The final sample size analyzed included 81 participants (47 boys and 34 girls) aged between 6 and 14 years old. Pre-obesity and obesity were determined according to the BMI cut-off points adopted by the IOTF. Although no significant differences were found, the prevalence of pre-obesity and obesity for the total population studied was 16.00% and 6.20%, respectively, with 14.60%, and 4.30% for boys and 17.60% and 8.80% for girls. More girls were pre-obese and obese than boys except at ages 9 and 12. The same age that boys presented cardiometabolic risk associated with a WHtR>0.50. These results emphasize the importance of nutritional status assessment to develop appropriate actions to prevent childhood obesity.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Cervical Cancer Screening and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Aged Women in Ethiopia: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 9% of female cancer deaths. In addition, more than 85% of cervical cancer related deaths are found in low and middle-income countries. Women’s knowledge and attitude are barriers for the uptake of cervical cancer screening service in Ethiopia. Studies conducted on knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among reproductive age women are inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the national level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among women aged 15-49 years in Ethiopia.Methods: An international database such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct Cochrane library, and Grey literature databases were searched an extensively. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 guideline were pursued for this review. The quality of each study was assessed using Newcastle- Ottawa quality assessment tool. Stata version 14 was used to analyze the data. We have used a random effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence and odds ratio with 95% CI. The possible heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I-squared (I2) test statistic. Egger’s test was used to assess the publication bias. Result: Eighteen studies with a total of 9, 897 women were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled national level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer screening among 15-49 years old aged women in Ethiopia was 40.37% (95% CI: 30.09,50.66), 58.87% (95% CI: 42.69,75.05) and 14.02% (95% CI: 9.67,18.37) respectively. Being uneducated (OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 2.09,4.62), Women who had good knowledge (OR: 5.87, 95% CI: 2.57,13.40), Women who had positive attitude (OR: 4.20, 95% CI: 2.86,6.16) and not being married (OR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.09,10.22) were the major factors of cervical cancer screening practice. Conclusions and Recommendation: This review showed that the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia was relatively lower. Educational status, knowledge, attitude and marital status were statistically significant factors for cervical cancer screening practice. Hence, the health care provider needs to scale up health education and awareness creation about cervical cancer screening and early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.
The voices of parents whose children hospitalized with chronic kidney disease: A qualitative study

Background Parents play an important role in the treatment of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their dissatisfaction may result in negative impacts on children’s health outcomes as well as their medical treatment. Thus, exploring parents' experience and identifying and addressing challenging issues could be helpful in managing the patients’ chronic conditions during their hospitalization. This study aimed to explore parents’ experiences during the hospitalization of their children with CKD. Methods This study was a qualitative study with the content analysis approach. Participants were 15 parents of children with CKD who were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected using in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results Two overarching categories of “improper behavior of personnel” and “unprofessional performance of personnel” were extracted from the data. The first category included sub-categories of ‘staff aggression’ and ‘staff indifference’. ‘Disturbed interaction’, ‘poor patient care, and ‘poor skills of personnel’ were considered as the sub-categories of "unprofessional performance of personnel". Conclusion The results indicated that improper behavior and unprofessional performance of the healthcare personnel can intensify the child’s and parents’ problems, and make it more difficult for them to deal with these difficulties. The medical team can significantly help parents by establishing appropriate communication and behavior, providing them the required information about their child’s disease and the necessary care to mitigate or eliminate their problems. Also, health care authorities can develop and implement educational and practical guidelines for healthcare personnel to improve their knowledge and skills.
Assessment of Primary Schools Teachers’ Knowledge and Attitudes toward Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control at Primary Schools

Background: Communicable diseases are illnesses that transmitted from a person, animal, or inanimate source to another person either directly or indirectly. Illnesses caused by communicable diseases are common among school students because of overcrowding. Objectives: The purpose of the study is to assess the knowledge and attitudes of primary school teachers toward communicable diseases prevention and control and to find out the relationship between the primary school teachers’ knowledge and attitudes with their personal and socio-demographic characteristics. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design using a simple random sample of (N=400) teachers working in primary schools through the period from October 2018 to June 2019. A questionnaire was created for this purpose. Its composed of (4) parts. The overall items included in the questionnaire are (55) items. A pilot study conducted to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, while the validity is obtained by distribution of the questionnaire through a panel of (15) experts. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version (25) used for the analysis of the data. Appropriate statistical tests were used accordingly. Statistical analysis used: The data are coded and tested by the application (SPSS) through the descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: The study findings indicate that most of teachers (65.8%) had good knowledge toward communicable diseases prevention and control, also the highest percentage of teachers had agreed attitudes toward communicable diseases. Conclusions and recommendations: All teachers working with children may be at risk for getting communicable diseases, especially those with less years of experiences. Therefore, it is necessary to increase their awareness toward communicable diseases prevention and control through collaboration with ministry of health and environment and through education programs about communicable diseases and ways of prevention.
Cumulative live birth rates over multiple complete cycles of in vitro fertilisation cycles: ten-year cohort study of 20687 women following freeze-all strategy

Background For patients embarking on in vitro fertilization (IVF) or Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), one of the most concerned problems is their chance of a live-birth. The cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) after IVF has been reported in recent years; however these studies were all about conventional IVF strategy, the CLBRs following freeze-all strategy has not been reported. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 20687 women undergoing their first and following IVF cycles during the period from January 1, 2007 through March 31, 2016 were included in this study. The primary Outcomes of the present study were presented in three types: the live birth rate per complete cycle, the conservative CLBR and the optimal CLBR. Results The CLBR increased from 50.74% for the first complete cycle to 64.41% after seven complete cycles,and varied by age category. The CLBR after five complete cycles declined from 77.11% for women younger than 31 years, to 8.63% for women older than 40 years. The predictors of live birth over multiple complete cycles for patients embarking on IVF following freeze-all strategy were women’s age and causes of infertility. In the model constructed for patients finishing the first complete cycle, the number of oocyte retrieved at complete cycle one also played an important predictive role. Conclusions Among women undergoing IVF following freeze-all strategy, the CLBR after seven complete IVF cycles was 84.77% if there were no barriers to continue the IVF treatment, with variation by age. Two prediction models were developed to estimate their probability of having a baby over multiple complete IVF cycles with freeze-all strategy among patients before starting IVF and patients after the first complete cycle, which is critical for patients to make treatment decisions and preparations physically, emotionally and financially.
Usage Patterns, Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Dietary Supplement Intake Among Sri Lankan Elite Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The use of dietary supplements without adequate knowledge regarding their constituents places professional athletes at great risk due to possibility of being positive in dope testing. The aim of this study was to identify the dietary supplements usage patterns among elite athletes in various sport types and investigate their knowledge and attitudes regarding that.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which a self -administered anonymous questionnaire was used to collect data from 387 elite athletes participating in individual (athletics, karate, weightlifting, wrestling and shooting), team (cricket, volleyball, netball, rugby, football, kabaddi and hockey) and both (wushu and badminton) sports. The data were analysed using nonparametric tests; Pearson’s chi square test with the level of significant of p < 0.05. Results: Out of 387 athletes, 354 (91.5%) used dietary supplements, multivitamin (57%), electrolyte (49.7%), protein (43.5%), calcium (19.7%) and creatine (17.4%) as the most prevalent types. Gender, social status, educational level, and professionalism had no impact with the supplement use whereas the type of sport played showed a significant impact on supplement intake (p < 0.05), with athletes in netball, rugby, wrestling, badminton and shooting showed 100% usage. Vitamin, protein and creatine usage were high among rugby, netball and weightlifting players (p < 0.05). The majority of athletes consume supplements to improve their performance (41.8%) and energy (54. 5%). Further,60.5% of the athletes claimed on self-prescription without medical advice. Two perceptions of, supplements are essential for maintain fitness and win awards were significantly high in males (p <0.05). Athletes having participated in educational workshops and competed internationally showed significant concern about the contamination risk associated with supplements (p < 0.05). Rugby, weightlifting and netball players showed significant multiple supplement usage among others (p <0.05). Conclusion: This study confirms that dietary supplements are readily used by Sri Lankan elite athletes, while multivitamins, protein and energy drink products are preferred. Additionally, the majority of athletes engaged in supplement use with the aim of performance enhancement and increase energy. Nature of sport played was a determinant factor of net supplement usage while higher multiple supplement usage appeared among intensive sports.
A tríade sarcopenia, disfagia e desnutrição em pacientes internados para reabilitação em um hospital de retaguarda

A tríade sarcopenia, disfagia e desnutrição tem sido estudada devido a sua provável associação. Nos pacientes internados para reabilitação, é possível identificar perdas consideráveis de massa muscular, o que influencia diretamente essas três condições. O estudo objetivou identificar a frequência com que pacientes admitidos para reabilitação, em um hospital de retaguarda, apresentam sarcopenia associada à desnutrição e à disfagia. O trabalho foi do tipo quantitativo, transversal, prospectivo e contou com a participação de 18 pacientes. Foram aplicados questionários e escalas validadas para se rastrear, triar, avaliar ou diagnosticar as complicações temas da pesquisa. A sarcopenia foi diagnosticada em 77,7% (n=14) dos casos; entre esses, 4 (28,6%) apresentaram, concomitantemente, provável disfagia e desnutrição. Ainda, todos os pacientes sem sarcopenia não apresentaram risco nutricional, tampouco distúrbios de deglutição. Sugere-se que a sarcopenia pode ser o fator predisponente à disfagia e à desnutrição, contudo estudos com grupos maiores precisam ser realizados.
Bifunctional galvanics mediated selective toxicity on titanium

Silver nanoparticles and calcium were simultaneously introduced into a titanium surface to produce galvanics that facilitate cathodic proton consumption and anodic calcium release, which synergistically hinder bacterial adhesion by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and boost osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells via induction of dynamic membrane blebbing.
FRICTION COMPENSATION USING LINEAR CONTROL METHODS

Friction is one of the most frequently appearing sources of problems in mechanical systems. While several controller designs exist that successfully mitigate or compensate the friction e ects in an application, they usually rely on a thoroughly identi ed model. The focus of this work is on verifying the suitability of a linear dual-loop controller for friction compensation in an arbitrary system. It does not require detailed estimation of a friction model for the design. The controller is complemented by a Luenberger observer, to improve the quality of state feedback. Based on di erent model reduction approaches, the control architecture is e ectively applied to a number of system descriptions employing various friction models. Through simulation, the versatility of the idea is reinforced. By comparing the control quality with that of approbated designs taken from recent literature, we show that the concept is competitive with model-based friction compensators. The advance with respect to robustness and disturbance rejection is shown. In preparation for an implementation, the control algorithm is discretized. To predict the practical performance of the controller, it is shown that added noise does not deteriorate the excellent results in the digital realm.
Cu Species Incorporated into Amorphous ZrO2 with High Activity and Selectivity in CO2-to-Methanol Hydrogenation

We prepared Cu/a-ZrO2 (a-ZrO2: amorphous ZrO2), Cu/m-ZrO2 (m-ZrO2: monoclinic ZrO2), Cu/a-ZrO2/KIT-6, and Cu/t-ZrO2/KIT-6 (t-ZrO2: tetragonal ZrO2) by a simple impregnation method and examined the effect of the ZrO2 phase on CO2-to-methanol hydrogenation. We discovered a-ZrO2-containing catalysts with high activity and selectivity in CO2-to-methanol hydrogenation. Next, we focused on Cu species formation on the above-described catalysts. While pure CuO was observed on Cu/m-ZrO2 and Cu/t-ZrO2/KIT-6, copper-zirconium mixed oxide (CuxZryOz), not pure CuO, was formed on Cu/a-ZrO2 and Cu/a-ZrO2/KIT-6, as evidenced by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and the powder color. After reducing a-ZrO2-containing catalysts with H2 at 300 °C, we observed highly dispersed Cu nanoparticles in close contact with a-ZrO2 (or CuxZryOz). In addition, methanol vapor sorption revealed that methanol adsorbed more weakly on a-ZrO2 than on m-ZrO2. Therefore, the high dispersion of Cu species and weak adsorption of methanol led to.
Lignin Degradation Processes and the Purification of Valuable Products

Lignin is a heterogeneous, phenolic and polydisperse biopolymer which resists degra- dation due to its aromatic and highly branched structure. Lignin is the most abundant renewable source of aromatic molecules on earth. The valorization of lignin could therefore provide a sustainable alternative to petroleum refineries for the production of valuable aromatic compounds. Even so, paper mills and lignocellulose feedstock biorefineries treat lignin largely as a waste product. In paper mills, 98% of technical lignin is incinerated for internal energy recovery while only 2% is used commercially (e.g. for the production of aromatics such as vanillin). The reasons for the underutiliza-tion of lignin include its recalcitrance to degradation and the challenge of separating mixtures of numerous degradation products. The successful valorization of lignin in the future thus depends on a broad understanding of biological and technical degradation processes, and the implementation of efficient product purification strategies. This article describes enzymatic, photocatalytic and thermochemical lignin degradation pro- cesses and considers purification methods for valuable lignin-derived degradation products. We focus on the potential of membrane-based separation technology, includ- ing data from our own recent research.