Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exponential Stability of Impulsive Stochastic Functional Differential Systems with Delayed Impulses

and Applied Analysis 3 (S2) (h 0 , h)-globally exponentially stable, if there exist constants α > 0 and C ⩾ 1 such that, for all ξ ∈ PC b F t0 ([−τ, 0];Rn) and t 0 ∈ R + , Eh (t, x (t; t 0 , ξ)) ⩽ CEh 0 (t 0 , ξ) e−α(t−t0), t ⩾ t 0 . (6) Remark 4. The (h 0 , h)-stability notions are considered here in the spirit of the work by Lakshmikantham and Liu [26] to unify different stability concepts found in the literature such as the stability of the trivial solution, the partial stability, the conditional stability, and the stability of invariant sets, which would otherwise be treated separately. For example, it is easy to see that (S2) in Definition 3 gives (1) the pth-moment exponential stability of the trivial solution x(t) ≡ 0, if h(t, x) = h0(t, x) = |x|. When p = 2, it is usually called mean square exponential stability; (2) the pth-moment exponentially partial stability of the trivial solution, if h(t, x) = |(x 1 , . . . , x s )|p, 1 ⩽ s ⩽ n and h0(t, x) = |x|; (3) the global exponential stability of the prescribed motion y(t), if h(t, x) = h0(t, x) = |x − y|; (4) the global exponential stability of the invariant setA ∈ R, if h(t, x) = h0(t, x) = d(x, A), where d(x, A) is the distance of x from the set A; (5) the global exponential orbital stability of a periodic solution, if h(t, x) = h0(t, x) = d(x, C), where C is the closed orbit in the phase space. 3. Stability Results In this section, we will develop Lyapunov-Razumikhinmethods and establish some criteria which provide sufficient conditions for the (h 0 , h)-exponential stability and (h 0 , h)uniform stability of ISFDSs-DI. Our results illustrate that the impulses play a positive role in making the continuous flow stable. Theorem 5. Assume that there exist functions V ∈ V 0 , h0, h ∈ Γ and constants c 1 > 0, c 2 > 0, γ > q > 1 such that (i) c 1 h(t, x) ⩽ V(t, x) ⩽ c 2 h0(t, x) for any (t, x) ∈ [t 0 − τ,∞) ×R; (ii) ELV(t, φ) ⩽ b(t)c(EV(t, φ(0))) for all t ∈ [t k−1 , t k ), k ∈ N and those φ ∈ PCF t ([−τ, 0];Rn) satisfying EV (t + θ, φ (θ)) ⩽ γEV (t, φ (0)) on − τ ⩽ θ ⩽ 0, (7) where b, c : R + → R + are continuous; (iii) EV(t k , I k (t k , φ)) ⩽ (1/γ)(1 + β k )sup s∈[−τ,0] EV(t− k + s, φ(s)), where β k ⩾ 0 and ∑∞ k=1 β k < ∞; (iv) ln q > M 1 M 2 , where M 1 = sup t⩾0 ∫ t+μ t b(s)ds, M 2 = sup s>0 {c(s)/s}, and μ = sup k∈N{tk − tk−1}. Then, system (1) is (h 0 , h)-exponentially stable for any time delay τ ∈ (0,∞), and the convergence rate is not greater than min{ln(γ/q)/τ, (ln q −M 1 M 2 )/μ}. Proof. Fix any initial data ξ ∈ PCb F t0 ([−τ, 0);R), and write x(t; t 0 , ξ) = x(t) simply. Let β > 1 be an arbitrary constant, and define α = min{ln(γ/q)/τ, (ln q −M 1 M 2 )/βμ}. We claim that EV (t, x (t)) ⩽ qc 2 Eh 0 (t 0 , ξ)H (t) e−α(t−t0), t ⩾ t 0 , (8)
Evaluation of solid sorbents for acid flue gas emissions treatment

Removal of acid gases from exhaust emissions of industrial applications (SOx, HCl, HF) still represents a challenge for many sectors, in particular for waste to energy facilities. In dry absorption processes, the solid reagent (typically Ca(OH)2 or NaHCO3) is injected countercurrent to the gas in a reaction chamber that allows for optimal contact modes and times between the phases. Efficiency is influenced by the specific surface area of the solid (m2 kg-1 reagent), by the degree to which it is mixed with the gas, the concentration of the gas to be adsorbed, the temperature and humidity of the flow and the concentration of the reagent, usually expressed in terms of stoichiometric ratio. After reacting, solid sorbents can be separated from the flue gas together with the dust particles via a fabric filter. Recently, new formulation of calcium and sodium based sorbents have been investigated. Hence, the design and development of accurate systems for the experimental characterization of these material is important. The objective of the present study was to compare the absorption capacity of different types of solid sorbents against a gas stream containing HCl. A nitrogen/HCl gas mixture provided by an external laboratory was used for that purpose. Calcium and sodium-based sorbents were evaluated in an experimental installation consisting of a gas feed line, a gas flow meter and a reactor in which the absorption reaction took place. Unreacted chlorine was collected downstream with a bubbler filled with ultrapure water. The chlorine and water solution was finally tested in an ion chromatograph to determine the residual chlorine concentration.
Analyse linéaire des instabilités dans les écoulements incompressibles à parois courbes compliantes

Une paroi compliante est une paroi suffisamment flexible pour se deformer sous l'action des efforts exerces par un ecoulement. Il est maintenant avere que, en presence d'une paroi compliante, la stabilite d'un ecoulement peut etre considerablement modifiee par rapport au cas ou la paroi est rigide. En particulier, la destabilisation des ondes de Tollmien-Schlichting peut etre retardee. Cette etude traite de la stabilite lineaire de deux configurations d'ecoulements en presence de parois courbes compliantes : l'ecoulement dans un canal courbe et l'ecoulement de Taylor-Couette. Ces deux ecoulements sont soumis a un mecanisme d'instabilite centrifuge entrainant l'apparition de paires de tourbillons contrarotatifs. Les parois compliantes sont modelisees comme des coques flexibles reliees a une base rigide par un ensemble de ressorts et d'amortisseurs en adaptant un modele classiquement utilise pour des parois planes. En complement de l'etude de stabilite lineaire a travers la resolution numerique d'un probleme aux valeurs propres, une analyse asymptotique de la stabilite de l'ecoulement en canal courbe est menee dans la limite des perturbations transverses de grande longueur d'onde. Les resultats montrent que seules des parois tres flexibles ont une influence sur la stabilite des tourbillons. Cette influence est destabilisante et joue essentiellement sur les perturbations de grande longueur d'onde. La flexibilite des parois autorise le developpement de quatre modes hydroelastiques dont l'instabilite peut preceder l'apparition de l'instabilite centrifuge. De plus, des echanges entre les modes hydroelastiques et centrifuges stables sont observes.
The Mediating Role of Parenting Styles in the Relationship between Family Adaptability and Cohesion and Cyberbullying in Adolescents

Background: Excessive use of cell phones in adolescents is associated with injuries and behavioral deviations. Cyberbullying is one of these behavioral deviations which involves deliberate and repeated aggression. Family and parenting factors are considered to have an essential role in cyberbullying. Among these factors, the cohesion and flexibility of the family have garnered considerable attention. Objectives: The present study examined the relationship between family adaptability, cohesion, and cyberbullying and the mediating role of parenting styles in this relationship. Methods: Cross-sectional design and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used in this study. The statistical population included students using mobile phones in Tehran. A sample of 220 students was selected via convenience sampling. The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales, Cyber-Bullying/Victimization Experiences Scale, and the Parental Authority Scale were used to collect data. Statistical data analysis was done using the Pearson correlation test and structural equation path analysis in SPSS 26 and AMOS 26. Results: The results showed that There was a significant correlation between family cohesion and cyberbullying (r =- 0.246) (P < 0.01), family adaptability and cyberbullying (r = -0.167) (P < 0.01), family adaptability and cohesion and parenting styles (r = 0.433) (P < 0.01), authoritarian, indulgent, authoritative parenting style and cyberbullying (r = 0.246) (r = 0.139) (r = -0.104) (P < 0.01). These direct and indirect effects were created through the mediation of parenting styles. Conclusions: Generally, the results showed that family adaptability and cohesion significantly negatively correlate with cyberbullying. The model showed family adaptability and cohesion, and cyberbullying did not have a direct relationship. However, perceived parenting styles can play a mediating role in this relationship.
Effect of Pitch Angle and Reynolds Number on Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Small Horizontal Axis Wind Rotor

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted on a 2-blade horizontal axis wind rotor to investigate the effect of pitch angle and Reynolds number on aerodynamic characteristics. The experimental study was conducted in the start-up and operating stages and the results for the two stages are discussed, respectively. During start-up, with tip speed ratio less than 1, the power coefficient of the rotor increases with pitch angles, but remains almost constant with Reynolds number. In the operating stage, with tip speed ratio more than 1, the maximum power coefficient occurs at decreasing tip speed ratios as the pitch angle increases. In addition, the maximum power coefficient increases and the corresponding tip speed ratio decreases with Reynolds number. The aerodynamic characteristics of the rotor can be analyzed qualitatively based on reliable and full aerodynamic data of the airfoil, which contributes to selection of the airfoil and determination of the rated velocity.
Isolation of Bacteria from Spent Engine Oil Polluted Site in Bali and Its Environs Taraba State, Nigeria

Isolation and identification of microorganisms associated with engine oil contaminated soil was carried out. Five different mechanic workshops within Bali and its environs Taraba State were selected and soil samples were collected from each site. Twenty-five grams (25g) of contaminated soil was added to conical flask containing 250 mL of distilled water. The media was prepared by dissolving 3.5g of nutrient agar powder in 125ml of distilled water. The mixture was autoclave at 1210C for 15minute allow to and cool but not solidify. The sterile nutrient agar was aseptically pure plate, 25ml each of the five different petri dish and allowed to solidify. A wire loop was used to transfer amount of spent engine oil polluted soil (stock solution) and inoculated by striking the solidified upper surface layer of the agar plate. The plate was invertically incubated for 24hrs at 370C Singly colonies growing on nutrient agar plate was transferred using wire loop and sub-culture on to freshly prepared culture media (certified agar). The pure culture- plate was inoculated for 24hrs at 370C.The pure culture isolate was identified macroscopically, microscopically and biochemically using standard protocols . Result: The bacterial species isolated were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Whereas Gazabu has the highest count of the species and Garba Chede has the least.
Long-term safety and efficacy of budesonide in the treatment of ulcerative colitis

: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, relapsing, and remitting inflammatory disease involving the large intestine (colon). Treatment seeks to break recurrent inflammation episodes by inducing and maintaining remission. Historically, oral systemic corticosteroids played an important role in inducing remission of this chronic disease; however, their long-term use is limited and can lead to adverse events. Budesonide is a synthetic steroid with potent local anti-inflammatory effects and low systemic bioavailability due to high first-pass hepatic metabolism. Several studies have demonstrated oral budesonide’s usefulness in treating active mild to moderate ileocecal Crohn’s disease and microscopic colitis and in an enema formulation for left sided UC. However, there is limited information regarding oral budesonide’s efficacy in UC. A novel oral budesonide formulation using a multimatrix system (budesonide-MMX) to extend drug release throughout the colon has been developed recently and seems to be an effective treatment in active left sided UC patients. This article summarizes budesonide’s long-term safety and efficacy in treating UC. review, we analyze budesonide’s long-term safety and efficacy in treating gastrointestinal diseases and the drug’s role with regard to IBD patients, with an emphasis on UC patients.
Participation in the Chronic Phase after Traumatic Brain Injury: Variations and Key Predictors

Participation is of major importance for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study evaluates participation over a period of one year among persons with TBI in the chronic phase and explores sociodemographic, psychological, and environmental predictors of levels and trajectories of participation. One hundred and twenty home-living survivors of TBI with persistent injury-related consequences at least two years post-injury who participated in a goal-oriented randomized trial were assessed at baseline and after four and twelve months. Linear mixed-effects model analysis was applied to evaluate height, trajectory slope, and predictors of the Participation Assessment with the Recombined Tools-Objective (PART-O) total score and the subscales Productivity, Social Relations, and Being Out and About. Being married, having a higher education, and having good global functioning predicted more frequent participation. Education, executive- and global functions predicted Productivity, while age and being married predicted Social Relations. Participating in the study during the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on Productivity. Participation was relatively stable over 12 months, with a slight decline, but may be influenced by demographic factors and functional consequences. Rehabilitation services should particularly focus on people with TBI living alone with lower levels of global and executive function.
Removal of Phosphorus from Domestic Sewage in Rural Areas Using Oyster Shell-Modified Agricultural Waste–Rice Husk Biochar

In order to promote the improvement of rural living environments, the treatment of rural domestic sewage has attracted much attention in China. Meanwhile, the rural regions’ sewage discharge standards are becoming increasingly stringent. However, the standard compliance rate of the total phosphorus (TP) is very low, and the TP has become the main limiting pollutant for the water pollutant discharge standards of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities. In this study, oyster shell waste was employed as a calcium source, and agricultural waste–rice husk was used as a carbon source to synthesize calcium-modified biochar adsorbent materials (Ca-BC) by a simple one-step pyrolysis method. The resultant Ca-BC adsorbent materials demonstrated efficient phosphate (P) adsorption from aqueous solutions over a wide pH range (3–11) and adsorption selectivity. Ca-BC’s adsorption capacity for P increased with the pyrolysis temperature, increasing from 700 °C to 900 °C, which was attributed to the higher specific surface area and calcium oxide content at higher pyrolysis temperatures. The Ca-BC sample, which was made from oyster shells and rice husks with a mass ratio of 2:1 and a pyrolysis temperature of 900 °C, had a maximum adsorption capacity of 196.2 mg/g. The Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order model were the best at describing the adsorption process, and the predominant sorption mechanism for P is the precipitation of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide with phosphate to create hydroxyapatite. Ca-BC can effectively remove P from rural domestic sewage. The removal rate of the total phosphorus (TP) in rural domestic sewage is 93.9–99.4%. After the adsorption treatment, the discharge of the TP in the rural sewage met the second-grade (TP < 3 mg/L) or even the first-grade (TP < 2 mg/L) Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Centralized Rural Sewage Treatment Facilities (DB33/973-2021). This study provides an experimental basis for efficient P removal by Ca-BC adsorbent materials and suggests possible applications in rural domestic sewage.
Numerical approximation of the Chan-Hillard equation with memory effects in the dynamics of phase separation

We consider the modifi ed Cahn-Hilliard equation for phase separation suggested to account for spinodal decomposition in deeply supercooled binary alloy systems or glasses. This equation contains, as additional term, the second-order time derivative of the concentration multiplied by a positive coefficient $\Tau_d$ (time for relaxation). We consider a numerical approximation scheme based on Fourier spectral method and perform numerical analysis of the scheme. We present results of numerical simulations for three spatial dimensions, and examine the stability and convergence of the scheme.
Increased Risk of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in an Urban and Rural Area of Caratinga, Brazil between 2016 and 2021

ABSTRACT. We used spatial analysis tools to examine the epidemiological situation and spatial distribution of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the municipality of Caratinga between 2016 and 2021. In addition, potential sandfly vectors were captured. All information used in this study was retrieved from public health archives and confirmed in the state health services databases. All cases were analyzed using Geographic Information Systems software. In addition, sandfly collections and molecular detection of Leishmania were carried out in areas with the highest number of cases. During the analyzed period, American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) cases increased and remained high in the last years. The hotspots included urban areas of Caratinga city and the districts of Patrocínio of Caratinga and Sapucaia. The species Nyssomyia whitmani, Nyssomyia intermedia, and Migonemyia migonei were the most abundant species and the ITS1-polymerase chain reaction technique detected Leishmania DNA in these species. On the basis of our analyses, the urbanization of ATL in Caratinga has taken place in recent years. Because of the increase in the number of human cases and the presence of vectors, it is recommended that health authorities focus on control measures in hotspots.
Bio-Organically Acidified Product-Mediated Improvements in Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization, Uptake and Yielding of Zea mays in Calcareous Soil

The demand for a better agricultural productivity and the available phosphorus (P) limitation in plants are prevailing worldwide. Poor P availability due to the high pH and calcareous nature of soils leads to a lower P fertilizer use efficiency of 10–25% in Pakistan. Among different technologies, the use of biologically acidified amendments could be a potential strategy to promote soil P availability and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) in alkaline calcareous soils. However, this study hypothesized that an acidified amendment could lower soil pH and solubilize the insoluble soil P that plants can potentially uptake and use to improve their growth and development. For this purpose, the test plant Zea mays was planted in greenhouse pots with a recommended dose rate of 168 kg ha−1 of P for selected phosphatic fertilizers, viz., DAP (diammonium phosphate), SSP (single superphosphate), and RP (rock phosphate) with or without 2% of the acidified product and a phosphorus solubilizing Bacillus sp. MN54. The results showed that the integration of acidified amendments and PSB strain MN54 with P fertilizers improved P fertilizer use efficiency (FUE), growth, yield, and P uptake of Zea mays as compared to sole application of P fertilizers. Overall, organic material along with DAP significantly improved plant physiological-, biochemical-, and nutrition-related attributes over the sole application of DAP. Interestingly, the co-application of RP with the acidified product and MN54 showed a higher response than the sole application of DAP and SSP. However, based on our study findings, we concluded that using RP with organic amendments was a more economically and environmentally friendly approach compared to the most expensive DAP fertilizer. Taken together, the current study suggests that the use of this innovative new strategy could have the potential to improve FUE and soil P availability via pH manipulation, resulting in an improved crop productivity and quality/food security.
Drivers of the dynamics of the spread of cholera in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2000–2018: An eco-epidemiological study

Background The dynamics of the spread of cholera epidemics in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), from east to west and within western DRC, have been extensively studied. However, the drivers of these spread processes remain unclear. We therefore sought to better understand the factors associated with these spread dynamics and their potential underlying mechanisms. Methods In this eco-epidemiological study, we focused on the spread processes of cholera epidemics originating from the shores of Lake Kivu, involving the areas bordering Lake Kivu, the areas surrounding the lake areas, and the areas out of endemic eastern DRC (eastern and western non-endemic provinces). Over the period 2000–2018, we collected data on suspected cholera cases, and a set of several variables including types of conflicts, the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs), population density, transportation network density, and accessibility indicators. Using multivariate ordinal logistic regression models, we identified factors associated with the spread of cholera outside the endemic eastern DRC. We performed multivariate Vector Auto Regressive models to analyze potential underlying mechanisms involving the factors associated with these spread dynamics. Finally, we classified the affected health zones using hierarchical ascendant classification based on principal component analysis (PCA). Findings The increase in the number of suspected cholera cases, the exacerbation of conflict events, and the number of IDPs in eastern endemic areas were associated with an increased risk of cholera spreading outside the endemic eastern provinces. We found that the increase in suspected cholera cases was influenced by the increase in battles at lag of 4 weeks, which were influenced by the violence against civilians with a 1-week lag. The violent conflict events influenced the increase in the number of IDPs 4 to 6 weeks later. Other influences and uni- or bidirectional causal links were observed between violent and non-violent conflicts, and between conflicts and IDPs. Hierarchical clustering on PCA identified three categories of affected health zones: densely populated urban areas with few but large and longer epidemics; moderately and accessible areas with more but small epidemics; less populated and less accessible areas with more and larger epidemics. Conclusion Our findings argue for monitoring conflict dynamics to predict the risk of geographic expansion of cholera in the DRC. They also suggest areas where interventions should be appropriately focused to build their resilience to the disease.