Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Humoral Immune Responses of Sheep Vaccinated With Razi Institute Rev.1 Brucellosis Vaccine in Comparison to a Spanish (CZV) Rev.1 Vaccine

Brucellosis is one of the common diseases between humans and animals, and is associated with fever in humans and abortion in animals (1,2). The bacterial causative agent is a facultative intracellular gram-negative coccobacillus called Brucella (3). The Brucella genus contains 6 classical species including B. melitensis, B. abortus, B. ovis, B. canis, B. swiss, and B. neotome (4). Brucellosis is a major public health concern which causes enormous economic losses, including high costs for treatment and inactivity in the community. There is no effective vaccine to prevent this disease in humans and therefore, efforts have focused on preventive measures and infection control in livestock, since this can reduce its incidence in humans. The most effective way to avoid brucellosis in animals is vaccination. In Iran, several vaccines have been used to vaccinate livestock. For example, IRIBA live attenuated vaccine is used to immunize cattle. However, as suggested by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), vaccination of sheep with Rev.1 live attenuated vaccine is the most important strategy for the prevention of disease incidence in sheep (5). In addition, the positive effect of this vaccine on the Iranian sheep and goat breeds in Iran climatic conditions has been demonstrated by the researchers of the country in collaboration with the OIE, as the prevalence of the disease has been reduced from 45% to 1.8% with the production of Rev.1 vaccine and the beginning of vaccination programs since 1962 (6). Consequently, the present study was conducted to investigate and compare humoral immune responses of sheep against Razi Institute Rev.1 vaccine, as a completely native vaccine produced in Iran, and a Spanish Rev.1 vaccine (CZV), as a well-known standard imported vaccine. Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Hedging Currency Risks? An Evaluation of SMEs in Northern Germany

One of the important issues for companies is liquidity from domestic and foreign trade. The market is classically defined by the number of available markets. Globalization and free trade zones set up the foreign market, which becomes increasingly important - even for SMEs. This paper analyzed approx. 60,000 bank transactions with foreign reference of Northern German SMEs by using Chi-square test and correlation analysis. The analysis proofs that an increasing number of foreign transfers increases the number of foreign currency accounts per company. The results also show that despite the existence of currency hedging tools, a significant proportion of SMEs continues to expose themselves to currency risk. The willingness to manage currency risks increases with the increase in value per transaction. Transactions with a value of less than EUR 10,000 are often transferred abroad in EUR instead of in foreign currency.
Comparison of Potato Yield, Quality and Weed Control Obtained With Different Plastic Mulch Colours

Potato is a poor competitor against weeds. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of five plastic mulch colours (black, white, blue and yellow) on potato yield and quality and associated weeds. The results indicated that the best weed control was achieved with black plastic mulch followed by hoeing, while the lowest weed control efficacy was obtained with white plastic mulch. Number and dry weight of Portulace oleracea seemed to be enhanced under the white plastic mulch condition. Un-controlling potato weeds caused a reduction in total yield and yield grade A by 43.5 % and 67.5 %, respectively. The rank order of different plastic mulches on controlling potato weeds and improving the tuber yield grade A per hectare over unweeded check was covering soil by black > blue > yellow > white plastic mulch. The economic return from using black plastic mulch was higher than that of hoeing (0.810 kg grad A ha). Black plastic mulch, white plastic mulch and hoeing treatments recorded the highest values of N, Fe and Cu elements in the tubers, respectively. It could be concluded that black plastic mulch is potential substitutes for herbicides and hoeing, while yellow plastic mulch is ineffective for weed control in potatoes field.
Heterogeneity in Anxiety Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Difference and Overlap

Abstract Research on the expression and prevalence of co-occurring anxiety disorders and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has produced variable results. In part this is due to heterogeneity in the characteristics of the samples, methodology, and the underlying cause of anxiety disorders and ASD across studies. This review will focus on the aspects related to the manifestation of anxiety disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in order to establish the amount of comorbidity or heterogeneity both within and between these disorders. This review will also elaborate on the findings from related studies with reference to the underlying causes of both disorders. A number of typical anxiety symptoms play a significant role characterising autism, creating overlap and heterogeneity in the disorders. Therefore, further research on the measurement of anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with ASD in addition to the interaction of anxiety and social disability in this population is required, so appropriate treatment and intervention can be established to address each specific characteristic of these disorders.
Health status analysis of Norway spruce and shrubby pine along an elevation gradient

The results of numerous climatic models predict a significant increase in temperature, which coupled with other factors could affect mountain species distribution and community composition. In addition, it can accelerate an upward shift of alpine treelines. However the number of field measurements focusing on the health status of dominant trees in temperate mountains are limited. Our measurements were carried out in the Stuhleck Mountains along an elevation gradient from 850 to 1750 metres. Health status analysis of Picea abies and Pinus mugo have been completed by using FAKOPP 3D acoustic tomography, which is able to detect the size and location of decayed regions in the trunk non-destructively. For modelling the relationship between the decay of tree and other factors simple linear regression models were used. The results showed that the individuals of Picea abies and Pinus mugo had the worst health status in the lowest and uppermost range of the taxa in the studied area. It could be a sign of the upward shift of their range. Positive significant correlation was found between the decay and the ratio of whole trunk/healthy wood both in case of Picea abies and Pinus mugo. It seems, that acoustic tomography measurements are adequate to indicate non-destructively the altitudinal optimum and upward shift of different taxa.
Survival Strategies and Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises in a Volatile Environment

Abstract Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have been considered as one of the engines of economic growth, sustainability, and industrial development of a nation, however, the survival rate of SMEs in Nigeria has been seriously affected by the volatile environment in which they operate. The use of survival strategies has also been one of the major challenges facing the business since most people believe that strategies are only meant for large and multinational companies. This study, therefore, examines the survival strategies and sustainability of small and medium enterprises in a volatile business environment using a quantitative approach. The data were administered through a questionnaire to 350 respondents from small and medium enterprises in Lagos State, Nigeria. The questionnaire was analyzed with the use of the Structural Equation Model. The results reveal that there is a significant and positive relationship between survival strategies and sustainability of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria.
Challenges of servitization : a comparison study on manufacturers with different strategic focuses

This research focuses on how the servitization challenges (in terms of organisational structure, business model, development process, customer management and risk management) manifest in the different types of servitized businesses. In this study, we focus on two types of servitized business models: integrated solution providers (IS providers) and product companies providing generic services (PS suppliers). A comparative case study was conducted with 13 UK-based companies and the result shows that the challenges are perceived on different levels in the two cases the IS providers need to address more challenges than those seeking to supply products with generic services.
Testing the limits of alternative cosmologies and chasing the dream data set

The universe is accelerating, yet we know very little about the mysterious energy making it behave this way. Scientists put forward model after model, proposing arrays of cosmological fluids capable of causing acceleration. These models are fitted to data, and results are compared against each other. But how good is the current data at telling models apart? And what makes a better data set? The first aim of this thesis is to investigate what else might be hiding in the existing supernova data. This is done by generating and fitting increasingly strange, parameterrich cosmological models. The second aim is to define such boundaries for the supernova data (sample size and uncertainty) which, if met, will allow scientists to rule out some of the more extreme contenders. This thesis explores the limits of the current supernova data, as well as its future potential. For the first part I found that, as far as the currently available data is concerned, our underlying cosmology may be very wild indeed. And as for the perfect data set? That remains to be seen.
Capital Structure of Innovative Companies in BRICS Countries

This article aims to identify the main business and economic determinants of capital structure in a sample of innovativecompanies from BRICS countries.We achieve this by presenting a comparative analysis of 1,437 high-tech and 1,485 non-innovative companies in thepharmaceuticals, electronics, IT, and telecommunications sectors between 2008 and 2015. We conduct a regressionanalysis using a significant number of variables, such as profitability, size, proportion of tangible assets, and growthpotential. The highlighted parameters are then examined in order to identify the characteristic features displayed in thecapital structure of innovative firms.Our results indicate that the following company characteristics are relevant in determining capital structure: informationasymmetry costs (those which are associated with the unique activities of innovative companies), high growthpotential generated by the availability of network effects, a high innovative applicability, low marginal and transportcosts, and a high proportion of intangible assets. Moreover, we found that there is a distinct difference in the capitalstructure of companies as they vary in levels of innovation. An innovative company’s proportion of intangible assetshas a multidirectional effect on the debt amount. The potential for growth is also a significant factor which has apredominantly negative effect on the level of an innovative company’s financial leverage. Levels of borrowing are overalllower for innovative firms.Our major conclusion, drawing from the results above, is that innovative companies in BRICS countries use relativelylittle debt in the case of high growth potential. This indicates a general need to overcome the information asymmetrychallenge in order to increase the growth rates of individual companies.The scientific novelty of this analysis relates most strongly to the broadness of scope of our investigation, the focuson BRICS countries specifically, and the applicability of its conclusions in wider business and economic contexts. Thebreadth of data from a wide range of companies and sectors (both innovative and non-innovative), and the high numberof companies utilized in the study, lend our evaluation an undeniable credibility within its scope, especially where itupholds similar conclusions in related literature of narrower focus. As a corollary to this, it may be conceivably assertedthat these results are not merely applicable to individual companies, or even sectors of the economy, but due to theirwide field of origin, they can have economy-wide implications on business and financial strategies.
Evaluation of the Clinical Status of Patients with Inherited Bleeding Disorders in Diyala-Iraq

Background: Inherited bleeding disorders are rare diseases that are both complicated and expensive to manage, they are classified into: coagulation factor disorders, vessel wall defect and platelet disorders. Objective: To show the pattern of Inherited bleeding disorders in Diyala-Iraq regarding frequency, distribution and complications. Patients and methods: A review of all patient's records with bleeding disorders in the hemophilia care center in Al-Battol Teaching Hospital in Baquba during the period from the 1 st of September 2014 to the 28 th of February 2015 were included. All patients with a history of bleeding tendency were tested to confirm the diagnosis. History and clinical findings were recorded. Laboratory analysis included prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, bleeding time, and fibrinogen assay. Patients with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time were tested for factors VIII and IX. If factor VIII was low, von Willebrand factor: antigen and von Willebrand factor: ristocetin cofactor was performed. Platelet aggregation studies were done when there was isolated prolonged bleeding time. All patients were tested for viral infection such as hepatitis B,C and Human immunodeficiency virus infection, patients with hemophilia A and B were evaluated for inhibitors. Results: A total of 72 registered patients were reviewed in the hemophilia care center in AlBattol teaching hospital. Inherited bleeding disorders identified in these patients include hemophilia A 57(79%), hemophilia B 5(7%), von Willebrand disease 5(7%), factor VII deficiency 3(4%); and platelet function defects 2 (3%). There were 68 (94%) males and 4 (6%) females. Hemarthrosis was the most frequent complaint in hemophilia A and B 41patient (66%) with knee hemarthrosis in 29 (71%) of them. Viral hepatitis C was positive in ten patients(14%), while hepatitis B positive in one patient(1.4%). The number of patients with inhibitors to Factor VIII was 3(5.3%)from total number of patients with hemophilia A. Conclusion: Hemophilia A, hemophilia B and vWD are the commonly encountered inherited bleeding disorders in our governorate followed by other recessively transmitted disorders. Hemarthrosis involving knee joint was the most common complication. Inhibitor was detected in a small number of patients.
Linking Bitstream Information to QoE: A Study on Still Images Using HEVC Intra Coding

The coding tools used in image and video encoders aim at high perceptual quality for low bitrates. Analyzing the results of the encoders in terms of quantization parameter, image partitioning, prediction modes or residuals may provide important insight into the link between those tools and the human perception. As a first step, this contribution analyzes the possibility to transcode reference images of three well-known image databases, i.e. IRCCyN/IVC, LIVE and TID2013, from their original, older formats to HEVC; thus creating a homogeneous database of 327 HEVC encoded images accompanied with bitstream parameters and values obtained from objective and subjective assessments. Secondly, it analyzes some of the HEVC intra coding parameters regarding their influence on the image quality by using machine learning, namely Support Vector Machine - Regression.
Molecular genetic characterization of human Cryptosporidium isolates and their respective demographic, environmental and clinical manifestations in Egyptian diarrheic patients

Background: Cryptosporidium is a zoonotic protozoan parasite of public health and veterinary importance, causing gastroenteritis in a variety of vertebrate hosts. Several Cryptosporidium spp. with different genotypes and subtypes are implicated in human cryptosporidiosis. Objective: Detection and correlation of native Cryptosporidium molecular genetic variability among Egyptian diarrheic human isolates with their respective demographics, environmental and clinical manifestations. Patients and Methods: A total of 350 human stool samples were collected from diarrheic patients. The collected samples were examined microscopically and by RIDA®QUICK Cryptosporidium/Giardia copro-immunochromatography test (ICT) cassettes and strips. All positive Cryptosporidium samples detected by modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain (MZN) and/or ICT were genotyped using nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (nPCR-RFLP) targeting cowp gene encoding Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein ( Cowp). Results: Cryptosporidium was detected in 5.7% (20/350) of the examined samples using MZN, 9.4% (33/350) by ICT kit, and 3.7% (13/350) by both methods. A total of 40 samples were positive by both microscopy and/or ICT. Only 15/40 (37.5%) of samples positive by microscopy and/or ICT were successfully amplified using cowp gene. All amplified samples (15) were confirmed as C. hominis by nPCR-RFLP analysis of the cowp gene. Significant associations were found between cryptosporidiosis and gender, drinking groundwater, immunodeficiency of patients, complaining of fever, watery and mucoid stool, consumption of readymade salad, and unwashed fresh vegetables. Conclusion: In the current examined samples, C. hominis proved to be the dominant genotype, indicating that transmission of cryptosporidiosis among a sample of diarrheic Egyptian patients is most probably anthroponotic rather than zoonotic. MZN and PCR gave a diagnostic accuracy of 100%, while ICT diagnostic accuracy proved to be 50%.
Inferring True Species Richness and Complete Abundance Distribution in Six Reef-fish Communities from Red-sea, Using the Numerical Extrapolation of Incomplete Samplings

Even when ecological communities are incompletely sampled (which is most frequent in practice, at least for species-rich assemblages including many rare species), it remains possible to retrieve much more information than could be expected first, by applying numerical extrapolation to incomplete field data. Indeed, recently developed procedures of numerical extrapolation of partial samplings now allow to estimate, with fair accuracy, not only the number of the still unrecorded species but, moreover, the distribution of abundances of each of these unrecorded species, thereby making available the full range of the Species Abundance Distribution, despite dealing with incomplete data only. In turn, this allows to address a series of descriptive and functional aspects of the internal organization of species assemblages, which otherwise would have required disposing of truly exhaustive samplings. This approach is applied, here, to the previously reported partial samplings of six neighboring reeffish communities from Tiran Island, Red Sea, with the goal of better understanding their internal organization in relation to their respective environments. Original Research Article Beguinot; AJEE, 11(3): 1-21, 2019; Article no.AJEE. 53446 2 In practice, the numerical completion contributes to avoid erroneous interpretations that would likely stem from considering only the incomplete field data. This point is especially relevant when studying reef-associated communities because accurate understanding of their organization will help guiding and refining at best the protective measures required by these particularly vulnerable communities.
Effectiveness of Free Maternal Healthcare Programme Under the Successful Delivery Programme in Jigawa State, Nigeria

In the state effort reduce the number of maternal death, a free child and maternal healthcare programme were introduced called Successful delivery. This main aim of this research is to evaluate if women registered with the programme had a better chance of accessing the services in the state. A cross- sectional quantitative study involving household interviews of all women of the reproductive age group (15–49 years) residing in Jigawa state from February to April 2019. Logistic regression analysis at 95% confidence interval was used to determine the independent associations between the scheme and use of antenatal care, hospital delivery and postnatal care services. Successful delivery program influenced the antenatal care visit as women registered with the schemes are more likely to have maximum of six visit 39.5 times than those who did not and also more likely to have four visit 2.6 times than those without scheme. Hospital delivery is also attached to the scheme as women registered with the scheme is 5.3 times likely to deliver at hospital when compared to those with not. Successful delivery program influence antenatal care visit and hospital base delivery. Nevertheless many of the pregnant women after delivery did not attend postnatal care.
Effect of Farmyard Manure, Zinc and Boron on Growth and Yield of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L) in Farmers’ Fields in Bihar, India

Zinc and boron are two most important micronutrients found deficient in the intensive vegetable growing fields of the northern parts of Bihar, India. Keeping the above in view, the field trials were conducted in ten farmers’ fields during Rabi season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 with four treatments consisting of: i) Farmers’ practice/control (T1), ii) 10.0 kg Zn + 1.0 kg B / ha (T2), iii) 5 t farmyard manure (FYM) ha with 5.0 kg Zn ha as basal + foliar spray of Zn twice @ 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O solution one at maximum vegetative growth stage and another at flower initiation stage + 1.0 kg B ha (T3) and iv) 5t FYM ha with 5.0 kg Zn ha as basal + foliar spray of Zn twice @ 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O solution one at maximum vegetative growth stage and another at flower initiation stage with 2.0 kg B ha (T4). The field trials were conducted with randomized complete block Original Research Article Singh et al.; CJAST, 38(6): 1-8, 2019; Article no.CJAST. 52803 2 design under the supervision of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kishanganj, Bihar. Results revealed that the maximum fruit yield of 280.51 q/ha was recorded with 12.03 maximum fruit number and early days to first fruit harvest (60.86) by the application of 5t FYM ha -1 , 5.0 kg Zn ha -1 as basal + foliar spray of Zn twice @ 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O solution applied one at maximum vegetative growth stage and another at flower initiation stage with 2.0 kg B ha -1 as basal application in comparison to farmer practice with 189.79 q/ha fruit yield, 6.07 numbers of fruit and days to first fruit harvest (70.11). This treatment also recorded the highest B:C ratio (3.82) in comparison to farmer practice (2.93) indicating an economically better response to farmers of the intensively brinjal cultivated region of the state.