Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Anadromous Alewife on Maine Lakes and Streams: Using Nutrient Limitation Assays and Stable Isotopes to Track Marine-Derived Nutrients

Anadromous fish can act as nutrient subsidies to freshwater ecosystems when they return there to spawn. However, relatively few studies have quantified the role of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) as an ecologically important source of marine-derived nutrients (MDN) to lakes and streams. Primary producers in lakes and streams are often limited by nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. If alewife bring nutrients to lakes and streams, then the limitation of primary producers in those systems should be alleviated. Nutrient limitation assays and stable isotopes were used to examine the effects of alewife MDN on Maine lakes and their outlet streams. Nutrient limitation assays were run prior to, during, and after alewife runs and again after lake turnover. Alewife runs increased water nutrient concentrations in streams slightly, but not in lakes. There was also no coherent shift or alleviation of nutrient limitation in alewife lakes and streams compared to non-alewife systems. There was enrichment in δ 13 C and δ 15 N of lake zooplankton and resident fish in one alewife lake in comparison to a non-alewife lake. Additionally, white perch in Fields Pond, to which alewife access was restored by dam removal, were relatively more enriched in 15 N after alewife re-introduction in 2011. There was less of an alewife effect on freshwater nutrient limitation than was expected, but the current densities of alewife runs were relatively low compared to historical counts and other areas of the northeastern U.S. Results from the stable isotope data suggest that some MDN were incorporated into lake food webs. This study has relevance in Maine given the current and proposed dam removals and diadromous fish restoration, which will restore access to historical freshwater habitat for native anadromous alewife.
Real-world experience with selinexor-containing chemotherapy-free or low-dose chemotherapy regimens for patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia and myeloid sarcoma

Introduction: Treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) and myeloid sarcoma (MS) has presented challenges for decades. Studies on selinexor in combination with various standard or intensive chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of R/R AML have demonstrated promising results. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy-free or low-dose chemotherapy regimens with selinexor for R/R AML and MS patients. Methods: Ten patients with R/R AML or MS who received chemotherapy-free or low-dose chemotherapy regimens in combination with selinexor at Tongji Hospital from October 2021 to August 2022 were included in this study. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) and secondary endpoints included complete remission (CR), CR with incomplete hematological recovery (CRi), partial remission (PR), transplantation rate, and safety. Results: All patients were evaluable for response, achieving CR in four (40.0%) patients and CRi in two (20.0%) patients for a total CR/CRi of 60.0%. The ORR was 80.0% when patients with PR were included. Five (50.0%) patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) after treatment with selinexor-containing regimens. At the end of the follow-up, seven (70.0%) patients were alive, and three patients died of transplant-related complications or disease progression. The most frequently reported nonhematologic adverse events (AEs) in patients were grade 1 or 2 asymptomatic hyponatremia. Conclusion: The chemotherapy-free or low-dose chemotherapy regimens in combination with selinexor for R/R AML are feasible and tolerable and provide an opportunity for patients to receive transplantation.
Italian winegrowers’ and wine makers’ attitudes toward climate hazards and their strategy of adaptation to the change

This study reports the results of a survey disseminated to Italian winegrowers and wine makers to understand their attitude toward the main climate risk factors on grape and wine productions and their willingness to proactively act in facing the related consequences. A general noticeable concern about the future effects of climate change and variability emerged, even with some differences between stakeholders operating in different geographic and climatic areas. Current signals of adaptation mostly emerged at technological level, but they also included the varietal choice, with evidence to a switch from traditional varieties to others showing better pest and drought tolerance. In addition, some climate-smart cultural practices are considered ranging from water-saving irrigation methods to sustainable energy management.
Precision medicine in neurosurgery: The evolving role of theranostics

Theranostics in neurosurgery is a rapidly advancing field of precision medicine that combines diagnostic and therapeutic modalities to optimize patient outcomes. This approach has the potential to provide real-time feedback during therapy and diagnose a condition while simultaneously providing treatment. One such form of theranostics is focused ultrasound, which has been found to be effective in inducing neuroablation and neuromodulation and improving the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs by disrupting the blood–brain barrier. Targeted radionuclide therapy, which pairs positron emission tomography tracers with therapeutic effects and imaging modalities, is another promising form of theranostics for neurosurgery. Automated pathology analysis is yet another form of theranostics that can provide real-time feedback during the surgical resection of tumors. Electrical stimulation has also shown promise in optimizing therapies for patients with cerebral palsy. Overall, theranostics is a cost-effective way to optimize medical care for patients in neurosurgery. It is a relatively new field, but the advancements made so far show great promise for improving patient outcomes.
New Techniques for Contrail Forecasting

Abstract : This report documents the results of a study requested by the Strategic Air Command Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations (SAC/DO) to update previous contrail forecasting research done by Herbert Appleman for HQ Air Weather Service in 1953. Advancements in aircraft power plants, especially the development of bypass turbofan engines, made the new study necessary. This attempt to update and improve current contrail forecasting methods was performed by the SAC Directorate of Weather (SAC/DOW). It describes the development of new contrail forecast algorithms for several types of engines used in high-flying aircraft. It also provides contrail forecasting rules that correlate synoptic- scale upward vertical motion with contrail formation. The results indicate significant improvement in contrail forecasting accuracy over the Appleman technique now in use at the Air Force Global Weather Central. Weather, Climatology, Clouds, Cirrus, Clouds, Forecasting, Algorithms, Condensations trails, Contrails, Exhaust trails, Vapor trails.
Characteristics of Mixed Bicycle Traffic Flow on the Conventional Bicycle Path

The non-motorized traffic in Chinese cities shifts from the past pure bicycle traffic to the present mixed bicycle traffic which includes electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Characteristics of the mixed flow have a profound impact on the safety, efficiency and management of traffic operation on urban road. Field data of mixed bicycle traffic flow are collected in Hangzhou including 11 non-motorized road sections. Characteristics of the mixed flow are analyzed in this article comprehensively. These include bicycle size, proportions of two types of bicycles, proportions of bicycle carried passengers or objects and proportions of riders’ gender and age. This paper presents analysis results about the impact of the proportions and the road width on saturated volume of non-motorized traffic flow. The impact of various factors on the traffic operation speed is discussed also. It is shown in the paper that velocity distributions of two types of vehicles which all obey Gaussian distribution. The research in this paper lays a foundation for having rich understanding characteristics of mixed bicycle traffic flow and developing appropriate traffic management measures.
Segregating Gotham’s Youngest: Racial/Ethnic Sorting and the Choice Architecture of New York City’s Pre-K for All

New York City’s Pre-K for All (PKA) is the nation’s largest universal early childhood initiative, serving over 64,000 four-year-olds annually. Stemming from the program’s choice architecture as well as the city’s stark residential segregation, PKA programs are extremely segregated by child race/ethnicity. Our current study explores the complex forces that influence this segregation, including the interplay between family choices, seat availability, site-level enrollment priorities, and the PKA algorithm that weighs these and other considerations. We find that a majority of PKA segregation lies within local communities, and that areas with increased options and greater racial/ethnic diversity exhibit the most extreme segregation. We also conduct a simulation that leverages family PKA choices to maximize site-level racial/ethnic diversity and reduce between-site segregation.
Governance mechanisms, accounting regulation, and corporate disclosure in the aftermath of Covid‐19: Novel research questions and methodological opportunities

In this commentary, we sought to highlight research opportunities in terms of how governance mechanisms, accounting regulation, and corporate disclosure were affected by Covid‐19 (C19) and shaped the economic landscape in the post‐C19 period.The outbreak of the C19 triggered significant researchers' interests in the fields of business and economics for two main reasons: first, to the economic and social consequences of the crisis, and the impact of various policy interventions enacted by governments and supra‐national institutions worldwide and, second, the availability of microdata on the spread of the pandemic and vaccines, complemented economic and financial data to assess the effects of policy interventions in curtailing the crisis.We envision two potential avenues for further study: first, research on the impact of C19 and policy interventions in areas of interest, and, second, using the C19 disruption as a “laboratory” to unravel research questions on how various characteristics of firms, governments, and regulatory bodies affect the response to systemic crises, assuming that pre‐existing characteristics are not related to the crisis event.Relevant and rigorous research on the effects of C19 and the policy interventions is likely to be informative to governments, financial regulators, and supra‐national institutions facing future instances of systemic crisis.
Global Health Governance: The Case of the Biopolitics of Covid-19 Vaccine Nationalism

In April 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO), Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), GAVI, and the Vaccine Alliances officially launched COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) as a policy to facilitate equal access to COVID-19 vaccines for low-to-middle-income countries. The initiative has 184 member countries and supplies vaccines to 140 countries. By August 2021, COVAX will have provided 200 million vaccine doses instead of the 600 million doses initially proposed. The shortfall of vaccine doses through the mechanism of COVAX is not only because of production shortage but also partly due to vaccine nationalism by more high-income countries (HIC), where they secure vaccine stocks for their population. Such a phenomenon has made the Global South countries vulnerable as they have no facilities for vaccine production except India. Vaccine nationalism can be better seen from two spheres, biopolitics, and geopolitics. Previous researches on geopolitics and infectious disease are still rare. Thus, this research hopes to fill this gap. The two terms imply that vaccine nationalism involves the creation of borders and separating things and people. In other words, a particular spatial dynamic of exclusion divides the world, as manifested by an inadequate distribution of the benefits of COVID-19 vaccines between the North and the South. This research intends to analyze vaccine nationalism that causes the discrepancy in vaccine distribution between the North and the South countries from the theoretical perspectives of biopolitics and geopolitics. This research employs a case study of vaccine nationalism from 2020 to 2021. It is argued that vaccine nationalism is further divided between the North and South and the division between homeland security and world security.
Renal function change after radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma patients with a solitary kidney may be independent of urinary diversion type

Purpose To compare renal function change by urinary diversion (UD) type (ileal conduit [IC] vs. neobladder [NB]) in patients with a single kidney who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) due to bladder cancer. Materials and Methods We evaluated the renal function change in 86 patients with a single kidney who underwent RC between January 1999 and August 2022. Renal function was assessed using serum creatinine, serum estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), eGFR difference value (preoperative and follow-up values), and eGFR difference proportion (eGFR difference value/preoperative eGFR) at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. In addition, multiple definitions of eGFR decline were evaluated: 10 points, 10%, and 20% decline in eGFR. Cox regression models were used to identify risk factors of eGFR decline-free, recurrence-free, overall, and cancer-specific survival rates. Results A total of 54 patients (62.8%) underwent IC, whereas 32 (37.2%) underwent NB. Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups except for age and body mass index. Renal functions over time by various methods did not differ significantly between the IC and NB groups. Furthermore, eGFR decline-free survival rate using different definitions was similar between the IC and NB groups. Overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and cancer-specific-free survival rates were not different between the IC and NB groups. Conclusions UD type (IC vs. NB) did not impact the renal function change of patients with a single kidney who underwent RC. Therefore, patients with a single kidney might be considered to be an indication of NB.
Canada Communicable Disease Report Relevé des maladies transmissibles au Canada

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is an important cause of childhood disease in Canadian children. The bacteria commonly colonize the upper respiratory tract and occasionally spread into the blood or into neighbouring tissues, resulting in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), including bacteremia, meningitis, and bacteremic pneumonia, or non-invasive pneumococcal disease, including pneumonia, sinusitis, and otitis media. The groups most commonly affected are the elderly, the immunocompromised, specific ethnic groups, and young children, particularly those < 2 years of age. In Canada, it has been estimated that for a cohort of Canadian children followed from 6 months to 9 years of age, the cumulative risk of pneumococcal meningitis is 1 in 5,000, for pneumococcal bacteremia it is 1 in 500, and for pneumonia caused by pneumococcus it is 1 in 20.
Breakup corrections to spin asymmetries in the 
He3
 beam polarization measurements with the Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target

The requirements for hadron polarimetry at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) include measurements of the absolute helion ($^3$He, $h$) beam polarization with systematic uncertainties better than $\sigma^\text{syst}_P/P\le1\%$. Recently, it was proposed that the Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target (HJET) be utilized for the precision measurement of the polarization of the $\approx100~\text{GeV/n}$ helion beam. At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, HJET serves to determine the absolute proton beam polarization with low systematic uncertainties of about $\delta^\text{syst}P/P\lesssim0.5\%$. To adapt the HJET method for the EIC helion beam, the experimentally determined ratio of the beam and target (jet) spin-correlated asymmetries should be adjusted by the ratio of $p^\uparrow{h}$ and $h^\uparrow{p}$ analyzing powers. A potential problem with the suggested method is that the breakup of $^3$He in polarization measurements could drastically affect the analyzing power ratio. However, an analysis of the breakup corrections, presented in this paper, reveals that while these corrections can be as substantial as $\approx4\%$, the effect cancels out to a negligible level in the measured beam polarization.
Vietnamese Teachers’ Beliefs About Fostering Learner Autonomy in English Teaching and Learning

Driven by rapid technological developments together with social and economic changes, the demand for flexible education has grown in a way that the cultivation of learner autonomy (LA) has become a worldwide phenomenon, especially in language learning and teaching. In this sense, the study reported here makes further contributions to the understanding of teachers’ beliefs in fostering LA in English learning and teaching at the tertiary level in Vietnam. The study adopted a complete qualitative approach to exploring how 10 Vietnamese teachers perceive LA based on their previous teaching experiences. Data analysis from an in-depth interview reveals that participants gave multiple interpretations of LA and admitted that Vietnam’s deep-rooted traditional teaching culture causes the main constraints on developing autonomous learning. Besides, these teachers seem fully aware of the significance of LA but not the “how” in assisting learners with exercising LA both within and beyond educational settings. The findings also propose some pedagogic implications for teacher development as well as curriculum development in English learning and teaching at tertiary levels.
English learning motivation of ESL learners from ethnic, gender, and cultural perspectives in sustainable development goals

The aim of this study was to examine the English language learning motivation of Pakistani students by viewing ethnicity, gender, and culture because Pakistan is multi-ethnic and cultural country with wide dimensions. The study was examined with reference to UN directed 17 sustainable development goals, with special reference to Goal No 4 related to education. A sample of 602 participants from 39 Pakistani public and private sectors’ universities was taken as participants of this research. The research was done by adapting a questionnaire as a research tool, and L2 motivational self-system was taken as a theoretical framework. The collected data via questionnaire response was statistically analyzed by using SPSS 26 software. The results indicated that in Pakistan, all four types of internal motivational structure, i.e., immediate achievement, learning situation, intrinsic interest, and personal development, existed in students of English as second Language learners’ motivation. The highest value among the four factors of motivation was 2.57 in personal development factor, and the lowest mean value was in learning situations. There is no significant statistical variation among gender in all four types of motivational structures. In English learning motivation, urban students were comparatively higher motivated in all motivational internal factors. Furthermore, only Pathan and Kashmiri students had a significant variation, and the motivation of Pathan ethnicity was higher than Kashmiri in all motivational aspects. This research would be a useful insight for English teachers and students in an intracultural environment infused with ethnicity and multi-gender student population.
Scenarios to Improve E-Commerce SMEs Activity Based on Their Classification: A Case Study on Romania

With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, society has increasingly relied on alternative ways to procure goods, leading to an e-commerce boom. This study analyzes the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that are active in e-commerce in Romania and provides recommendations for entrepreneurs to improve their efficiency. Through unsupervised learning techniques, three classes are identified according to company performance: (1) a class of high-performing companies whose entrepreneurs took the risk of investing in the business, (2) a class of medium-performing companies that maintained their position in the market and (3) a class of financially weak companies whose managers adopted risk-averse, defensive policies. Furthermore, we present scenarios for moving companies from a lower-performing class to a higher-performing class. The research identifies the strategies that managers need to adopt in order to stimulate the activity of e-commerce companies, provides foreign investors a rubric for making investment decisions, and offers a starting point for an entrepreneurship course in academia.
Subtypes and Mechanistic Advances of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Related Acute Brain Injury

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a frequently used mechanical cardiopulmonary support for rescuing critically ill patients for whom conventional medical therapies have failed. However, ECMO is associated with several complications, such as acute kidney injury, hemorrhage, thromboembolism, and acute brain injury (ABI). Among these, ABI, particularly intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and infarction, is recognized as the primary cause of mortality during ECMO support. Furthermore, survivors often suffer significant long-term morbidities, including neurocognitive impairments, motor disturbances, and behavioral problems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the different subtypes of ECMO-related ABI and the updated advance mechanisms, which could be helpful for the early diagnosis and potential neuromonitoring of ECMO-related ABI.
In search of the Asian-Pacific Centre of Maximum Marine Biodiversity: Explanations from the past and present

Abstract The highest concentrations of Indo-Pacificreef coral species occur in the Coral Triangle (CT). A large part of the CT is bordering the edge of the Sunda Shelf, with the highest species richness to the north and east of the Sunda Shelf, including parts of Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Timor Leste, and the Solomons. Within eastern Indonesia also differences in coral reef fauna can be observed, e.g. between Sulawesi and West Papua. There is no relation with Wallace’s Line or with Wallacea, the area in between the Sunda and Sahul shelves, which both relate to terrestrial biogeography. The west-east variation in marine species diversity can be explained hypothetically in four ways. The CT has more species because of (1) plate tectonics; (2) a higher species survival during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM); (3) higher habitat variability, especially from near-shore (shallow, sheltered, murky water) to offshore (deep, ex-posed clear water); (4) inter-oceanic currents running in north-south direction between the Pacificand the Indian Ocean, such as the Indonesian Through Flow (ITF), pre-venting connections between west and east. Future re-search should give more insight in the relative im portance of these four factors and whether there are clear-cut lines of division or zones of transition with ever-changing species compositions.