Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of human arm characteristics in cooperative motion using the eddy current sensor based on musculoskeletal model

Human characteristics are supposed to be applied to the control systems of the human-friendly robots. Therefore, it is important to know the human characteristics in human-robot cooperative tasks. In this study, we considered a single rotational degree of freedom experimental system as well as a mass-spring-damper-friction dynamic model for the human arm, measured the torque acting on the armload from subject's forearm and the angular displacement of subject's forearm using the force sensor and the eddy current sensor, analyzed their mutual relation, and attained the characteristics of the human arm with the effect of the gravity load. We compared this cooperative motion to that studied without the gravity load and found that the damping and friction characteristics remained unchanged and the spring characteristics disappeared. In this case, the characteristics of the follower's arm had no relationship with the weight of the load.
Peranan Bauran Pemasaran (Marketing Mix) terhadap Peningkatan Penjualan (Sebuah Kajian terhadap Bisnis Restoran)

Dari waktu kewaktu bisnis dibidang makanan mempunyai kecenderungan terus meningkat. Permintaan pangan yang terus meningkat karena merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia berimbas terhadap peningkatan penawaran makanan. Hal ini sesuai dengan hukum permintaan dan penawaran (supply and demand law). Terdapat bermacam-macam bisnis makanan, antara lain adalah bisnis restoran dan bisnis popular catering (cafe, coffe shop, toko roti/ bakery dan steak house). Dalam bidang pemasaran, kondisi paling sulit adalah mempertahankan konsumen untuk selalu menggunakan produk dari penjual, atau sering disebut dengan loyalitas pelanggan. Untuk mampu menciptakan loyalitas pelanggan tersebut, para pengusaha perlu memiliki suatu strategi pemasaran yang jitu dalam memasarkan produknya. Salah satu bentuk strategi pemasaran yang mampu mendukung dalam memasarkan produk makanan untuk menciptakan loyalitas konsumen adalah penggunaan strategi marketing mix (bauran pemasaran) yang meliputi product, price, promotion, dan physical evidence atau place. Jika konsumen mendapatkan kepuasan terhadap produk yang dijual, maka mereka akan loyal. Jika terwujud loyalitas pelanggan, maka akan berimbas terhadap peningkatan penjualan. Kata kunci : bisnis makanan, marketing mix, penjualan
Recombination Lifetime Measurements in Silicon

The workshop addressed the state of the art in the following areas: Physics of recombination lifetime in single crystal silicon; Effects of measurement system and sample characteristics; Surface influences and interpretation; Correlation between the various equipment types; Application considerations; and Industry standard methods and practices. The proceedings section is divided as follows: Lifetime concepts; Different measuring techniques, such as photoconductivity method, Elymat technique, surface photovoltaic technique, etc.; Comparison among techniques; Applications of lifetime measurement in silicon; and Standardization and round robins. Papers within the scope of the data base have been processed separately.
What goes on in digital behaviour change interventions for weight loss maintenance targeting physical activity: A scoping review

Objective To identify the core components of digital behaviour change interventions for weight loss maintenance targeting physical activity, in terms of: (i) behaviour change techniques, (ii) mechanisms of action, (iii) modes of delivery, (iv) dose and (v) tailoring/personalization. In addition, the links between these components were investigated. Methods A literature search was performed in five electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, CINHAL, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Two reviewers independently screened the identified articles and extracted data related with the study characteristics and behaviour change techniques, mechanism of action, mode of delivery, dose, and tailoring, using standardized classifications whenever available (e.g. behaviour change techniques taxonomy). Results Seventeen articles reporting 11 original studies were selected. Two studies were protocols, 9 studies presented results for weight change and all but one showed no significant differences between the intervention and control groups. Eight studies (73%) provided adequate information on behaviour change techniques. Five studies (45%) provided partial information about how the behaviour change techniques were linked to mechanisms of action, and only one study (0.9%) described these links for all the techniques. Around half of the studies reported the modes through which behaviour change techniques were delivered. Descriptions of dose were present in most studies, but with minimal information. The use of tailoring or personalization approaches was mentioned in eight studies (73%), but descriptions of what was tailored and how were minimal. Conclusions The compilation of information regarding intervention components was difficult due to the lack of information and systematization in reporting across papers. This is particularly true for the reporting of the links between behaviour change techniques and the other core intervention components. This information is crucial to help us understand in the context of behaviour change interventions what works or does not work, how it works and why.
Impact of Side-Chain Substituents on the Excited State Dynamics of Perylene Diimide Amorphous Films

Side-chain substitutions have important influence on the aggregation of perylene diimide (PDI), which show a great impact on their excited-state dynamics as well. Herein, by employing photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, we investigated excited-state dynamics of two perylene diimide (PDI) derivative amorphous films, i.e. undecane-substituted PDI (PDI-1) and diisopropylphenyl-substituted PDI (PDI-2), fabricated with spin coating method. Femtosecond transient absorption spectra reveal that both films show pronounced ground state bleach (GSB) with lifetime longer than 10 ns while the relaxation of excited state absorption (ESA) has typical lifetime less than 1 ns. The significant feature of excited state decay in PDI-2 is dominated by transforming the singlet excited state into two triplet states via singlet fission, which is evidenced by the appearance of triplet state absorption. By contrast, the absence of triplet state absorption and the appearance of long-lived emission species in PDI-1 suggest that the decay of excited-like state could be dominated by the formation of excimer. Our present study reveals for the first time that the singlet fission does occur in amorphous PDI film, the study also demonstrates that side-chain substitutions have great impact on the excited-state dynamics of PDI.
Restrictive versus liberal fluid therapy in geriatric patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: The optimal fluid therapy in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery remains unclear. Although some trials have reported a restrictive fluid therapy may lead to better outcomes, there is no evidence whether it is suitable for elderly patients. METHODS: In a double-blinded pragmatic trial, 107 elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomized to receive either a liberal (L group) or restrictive intravenous-fluid therapy (R group) . The postoperative fluid therapy was similar in the two groups. The primary outcome was vital organ injury included Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) and acute kidney injury（AKI）, the secondary outcomes included hypotension needed intervention intraoperatively, length of stay (LOS) , death and other complications defined up to 30 days. Analysis was performed by intention-to-treat. RESULT: 50 patients in the L group had an average intravenous fluid of 1943ml, as compared to 1295.61ml in 57 patients in the R group (P<0.001). The baseline Characteristics and operative details were similar between the groups. Patients in the L group had a lower rate of AKI (10% vs 35.1%, P=0.002) and surgical-site infection (0 vs 10.5%, P=0.029) than in the R group；MINS (20% vs 20.8%, P=0.724) and the other postoperative complications showed no differences between two groups. One patient died in the R group. No significant difference was found for the length of hospital stay[median(range) L: 15(8-49) vs R: 17(8-80); P=0.27]. The follow-up was 30 days. CONCLUSION: In geriatric patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, a liberal fluid regimen was associated with a lower rate of AKI and postoperative infection than restrictive fluid regimen and did not increase the risk of postoperative complications. Trial registration: ChiCTR1800019022. Registered 21 October 2018
A NON‐LINEAR MODEL FOR OPTIMAL ALLOCATION OF IRRIGATION WATER AND LAND UNDER ADEQUATE AND LIMITED WATER SUPPLIES: A CASE STUDY IN SOUTHERN ITALY

A non‐linear mathematical optimization model was used to define optimal water and land allocation and optimal cropping patterns for a southern Italy irrigation district. The objective function was based on crop‐water production relations, the parameters of which were derived from an extensive experimental data set including nine arable and vegetable crops. Among production costs, the irrigation binary tariff system adopted in the study region was considered. The study, performed across a wide range of total water supply, identified: (i) optimal water allocation, by keeping crop surface constant; (ii) optimal cropping patterns, when allocation of available land was also investigated. When a fixed surface was allocated to each crop, and total water supply was not limiting, maximum return was achieved by providing the greatest fraction of available water to vegetable crops (pepper, tomato, eggplant, beans), with seasonal volumes corresponding to full restitution of irrigation water requirements (from 6758 to 3571 m3 ha‐1), while assigning volumes equal to 78, 62, 48 and 41% of water requirements to summer and spring maize, autumnal and spring sugar beet. When the allocation of water and land was investigated simultaneously, optimal cropping patterns and seasonal volumes were identified. The latter varied as a function of crop and total water supply but also, at a given supply, for the same crop. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How and What do Videogames Teach

The pervasiveness of videogames in modern society, especially among children, suggests that it is important to understand how and what these videogames are teaching the individuals who play them. Although playing videogames can produce positive outcomes, such as increased persistence at difficult tasks, there are also potential negative outcomes, such as increased aggression. The General Learning Model illustrates how these positive and negative outcomes are produced, both in the form of irnme-diate short term effects and through cumulative long term effects. In this chapter, we will explore the effects of videogames as explained by the General Learning Model. Some important public policy issues relating to the teaching effects of videogames will also be addressed. The General Learning Model (GLM) is based on both early aggression theories and violent-media research as well as social-cognitive models and developmental approaches to learning. The GLM is general enough to explain many ways in which videogames teach and influence behavior (Buckley & Ander-son, 2006). This model is also useful for its ability to integrate the short term and long term learning effects that videogames can produce. A person's behavior is a product of two types of input variables: personal and situational (see Figure 3.1). Person variables include all of the characteristics of a person as they exist before the learning encounter: personality traits, previous experience, behavioral tendencies, beliefs, attitudes, and mood state. These internal variables tend to be consistent over time and How and What Do Videogames Teach? Situation p-] 1 internal Learning encounter Appraisal, decision, and Figure 3.1. The General Learning Model: simplified view. across situations as a result of people consistently using the same knowledge structures (e.g., scripts, beliefs, and schemata) in shaping their behavior Situational variables are the characteristics of the context in which the individual is currently placed ("situated"). This includes media, objects, settings, and other peoplithat make up the learning environment. Although situational variables can and do vary quite a bit over time, they also show some consistency over time, as individuals are often in the same or similar situations repeatedly. As with learning in general, the ability to learn from videogames is related to many variables, including age, grade level, ability level (this includes learning disabilities and low school performance), income level, and self-esteem (Lieberman, 1998). Some factors that influence learning from videogames are more specific to this form of learning. These variables include individual media-exposure history and the …
ACCEPT: Automated Community Content Editing PorTal

ACCEPT is a Collaborative Project – STREP aimed at developing new methods and techniques to make machine translation (MT) work better in the environment characterised by internet communities sharing specific information. Today, anyone can in principle create information and make it available to anyone in the world who has Internet access. Yet the language barrier remains: however accessible information is, it is still only available to those who speak the language it is written in. ACCEPT’s mission is to help communities share information more effectively across the language barrier by improving the quality of machine-translated community content. The project proposes a new approach to help MT work better for community content, in order to ensure that the result is comprehensible and correct. The approach consists of the following main axes of research and development:
Incidence and Predictors of Sever Adverse Drug Reactions Among Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Background: Due to its nature of chronicity and the trend of using more drugs for patients with HIV, antiretroviral toxicity becomes a major challenge of HIV management. Evidences revealed that magnitude of experiencing at least one form of drug toxicity in different setting have been reached up to 90% among patients on antiretroviral therapy. The main aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and predictors of severe adverse drug reactions among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. Methods: Retrospective follow up study with survival analysis was carried out among people living with Human Immunodeficiency virus. Mean survival time of the cohort was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. To model the relationship between explanatory variables and the time to adverse drug reaction, Cox-proportional hazard regression model was fitted. Results: Out of the total 485 participants 67 (13.81%; 95% C.I: 10.7%, 16.8%) had experienced sever adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The incidence rate of severe adverse drug reaction development was 3 per 100-person years. Patients residing out of the catchment area to the facility were 73% at higher risk to develop ADR at any time, compared to those living within the catchment area (AHR=1.73; 95% C.I: 1.04, 2.86). The risk of ADRs among patients with baseline WHO clinical stage of III and IV was 2.59 times higher at any time compared to those with WHO stages I and II (95% C.I: 1.54, 4.36). Conclusion: The incidence of adverse drug reactions was relatively lower than reported in different parts of Ethiopia and other African countries. However, the overall burden in the 10 years period was still high. Health professionals working in the ART clinic need to give special attention for patients coming from outside of catchment areas, commercial sex workers and drivers and patients on advanced WHO clinical stages to prevent ADR development among these groups.
Sequences of Niche Strategies: An Exploratory Multiple-Case Study in Automotive

The thesis looked into sequences of niche strategies within the automotive industry. Using an exploratory multiple-case study research design, three technologies were investigated: dual-clutch transmission (DCT), anti-lock brakes (ABS), and polymer exchange membrane fuel cell vehicle (PEMFCV). The concepts of 'niche strategy' and 'sequence of niche strategies' were explicitly defined. The static model of Ortt et al. (2013) was revised to account for the dynamics of market realities. Three change drivers for the barriers to large-scale diffusion were identified and discussed. Lastly, the development of a theory on the topic of sequences of niche strategies was shown to present potential for further development.
Why Don&Apos;T Inventors Patent?

This paper argues that the ability to keep innovations secret may be a key determinant of patenting. To test this hypothesis, the paper examines a newly-collected data set of more than 7,000 American and British innovations at four world's fairs between 1851 and 1915. Exhibition data show that the industry where an innovation is made is the single most important determinant of patenting. Urbanization, high innovative quality, and low costs of patenting also encourage patenting, but these influences are small compared with industry effects. If the effectiveness of secrecy is an important factor in inventors' patenting decisions, scientific breakthroughs, which facilitate reverse-engineering, should increase inventors' propensity to patent. The discovery of the periodic table in 1869 offers an opportunity to test this idea. Exhibition data show that patenting rates for chemical innovations increased substantially after the introduction of the periodic table, both over time and relative to other industries.
Gamification of in-house enterprise settings : A literature review

The practice of utilizing gameful design elements in in-house enterprise settings is an emerging phenomena. Research on the subject is, however, disciplinarily dispersed and difficult to find. Further, there are no summary overviews of subject. Through a literature review of existing research, this thesis illuminates gaps in the current research, avenues of interests for approaches to the application of gameful design elements in in-house enterprise settings and provides a conceptual overview of the state of the field. This is accomplished by answering the research questions: how has research approached the study of gamification of in-house-enterprise settings and what does research contribute? The review concludes that research sees both promises and perils with the gamification of work settings for both employees and enterprises in general. In constructing these arguments research draws upon theory from various academic disciplines. However, the proliferation of unfounded arguments, for and against, the utilization of gamification are identified. Empirically grounded research lends some credence to the assumption that gamification can benefit both employees and enterprises. Effects of gamification are however not conclusive and should be studied further.
CONTEMPORARY PRACTICES OF INDIRECT WRITTEN FEEDBACK IN HIGH SCHOOL CONTEXT

Indirect written feedback is crucial to be conducted since errors are unavoidable in the process of writing. However, many studies have been undertaken in university contexts. Thus, this qualitative case study was carried out to examine a teacher's indirect written feedback practices in senior high school context. The data were obtained from observations, document analysis, and semi-structured interviews through purposive sampling. The findings revealed that coded feedback was mainly used, supplemented by uncoded feedback and commentary. These imply that the coding system is effective in guiding the students to be problem solvers and independent writers. However, the teacher's inconsistency in giving codes emerged because of the use of a large number of codes. Thus, it is suggested to reduce the number of codes and provide sufficient activity to increase students' understanding of the codes. The results of the study are significant to help teachers adjust appropriate methods to teach writing. The results also give long-term benefits for the development of students' writing ability. For further research, it is important to analyze the effect of indirect written feedback strategies on the students' revisions as well as students' preferences on these strategies.
Correlation And Path Analysis Of Grain Yield Components In Exotic Maize (Zea Mays L.) Hybrids

Present study was aimed to investigate the genotypic and phenotypic association among grain yield components and their direct and indirect effects on yield. Correlation studies revealed significant positive genotypic and phenotypic relationship of grain yield with cob position, rows per cob and grains per row. Cob height, number of grains per row, stem diameter and cob girth had high positive direct effects on grain yield. Cob position had high negative direct effect on yield. These result depicted that cob position, no. of rows per cob and no. of grains per cob may be used as reliable criteria for improving grain yield. Heritability and genetic advance estimates described the genetic attributes of the traits under study. All the traits except no. of rows per cob and no. of grains per row had non additive type of gene action with high heritability and low genetic advance. The exploitation of these traits would be effective in hybrid maize breeding. No. of rows per cob and no. of grains per row showed both additive and non additive type of gene action with environmental influence due to high environmental variance. These traits can be utilized effectively through selection in varietal development.
Fire, herbicide, and chainsaw felling effects on arthropods in fire-suppressed longleaf pine sandhills at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

The role of fire in nongame wildlife management and community restoration: traditional uses and new directions GTR-NE-288 Abstract. —Experimentally evaluating the success of hardwood reduction techniques against a “model” reference condition of longleaf pine sandhill communities is not directly possible because reference sites are not randomized or replicated. We addressed this issue by measuring the similarity of arthropods in treatment (fire, herbicide, felling/girdling, and control) and reference sites using three indices. Arthropod assemblages from plots that burned were significantly more similar to those in the reference condition than were those that did not receive fire. Our findings suggest that increasing arthropod prey using fire will be beneficial both to management and to biodiversity.
Assessment of Factors

There is a large range of technical factors [40] which need research activities and optimisation before operation of a repository for HLW can start. Some countries, e.g. France and Sweden, are already well advanced in demonstrating the technical feasibility of HLW disposal. By contrast, virtually no government-funded R&D on HLW has been carried out in some other countries for over twenty years. The research and optimisation work might differ in different countries based on the chosen strategy, timeframes and national organisational framework.