Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perfil socioeconômico e laboral dos pescadores artesanais de camarão-rosa no complexo estuarino de Tramandaí (RS), Brasil

A pesca artesanal no Brasil possui importância social e econômica. O presente estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar o perfil dos pescadores artesanais de camarão-rosa, Farfantepenaeus paulensis, em Tramandaí, RS, Brasil. Os pescadores foram entrevistados nos anos de 2012 e 2013. A faixa etária deles foi de 45 a 58 anos, com média de 30 anos de profissão. A maioria tem filhos, possui baixa escolaridade e pretende continuar na profissão. No entanto, 92,3% dos pescadores não gostariam que seus filhos os seguissem neste ofício. Eles trabalham em média seis horas diárias, sete dias por semana. Em 2012, capturaram, por semana, cerca de 104 kg de camarão e, em 2013, 61,2 kg. Embora consigam manter suas famílias com a pesca, mostram-se insatisfeitos com a profissão. A pouca escolaridade e a falta de oportunidades em outras ocupações fazem com que não pretendam abandonar a atividade pesqueira.
Pre-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Telehealth Practices Among Pediatric Infectious Diseases Specialists in the United States

Abstract Background Telehealth (TH) practices among pediatric infectious disease specialists prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are largely unknown. Methods In 2019, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) Telehealth Working Group surveyed PIDS members to collect data on the use of TH modalities, adoption barriers, interest, extent of curbside consultations (CC), and reimbursement. Results Of 1,213 PIDS members, 161 (13.3%) completed the survey, and the responses of 154 (12.7%) from the US were included in our report. Medical school (63.6%) and hospital (44.8%) were the commonest work settings with 16.9% practicing in both of them. The most common TH modalities used were synchronous provider-patient virtual visits (20.8%) and synchronous provider-provider consultations (13.6%). TH services included outpatient consultations (48.1%), vaccine recommendations (43.5%), inpatient consultations (39.6%) and travel advice (39.6%). Barriers perceived by respondents included reimbursement (55.8%), lack of experience with TH (55.2%), lack of institutional support (52.6%), lack of administrative support (50%), and cost of implementation (48.7%). Most respondents (144, 93.5%) were interested in implementing a wide range of TH modalities. CCs accounted for 1-20 hours/week among 148 respondents. Conclusions Most of the PIDS survey respondents reported low utilization of TH and several perceived barriers to TH adoption before the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, they expressed a strong interest in adopting different TH modalities. They also reported spending considerable time on non-reimbursed CCs from within and outside their institutions. Results of this survey provide baseline information that will allow comparisons with post-COVID-19 changes in the adoption of TH in PID.
“Children Are Not Children Anymore; They Are a Lost Generation”: Adverse Physical and Mental Health Consequences on Syrian Refugee Children

This research examines Syrian refugee mothers’ accounts of the physical and mental health of their children being affected by war traumas and displacement challenges. Open-ended audio-recorded interviews were conducted in Arabic with 23 mothers residing in Jordan. Using a narrative approach in the data collection and analysis, five major themes were identified: (1) children were exposed to diverse war traumatic experiences in Syria; (2) the escape journey and refugee camps threatened children’s lives; (3) displacement and family stressors exposed children to poverty, hostility from local peers, educational and recreational challenges, child labor, and domestic violence (these three major themes were considered as trauma related variables); (4) children were not only directly affected physically and mentally by their own traumatic experiences and displacement stressors, but these experiences were mediated and magnified by familial interrelated processes, evidenced in intergenerational transmission of trauma, harsh parenting style, parental control, and parentification; and (5) adverse consequences of both trauma related variables and family processes directly and indirectly traumatized children and adversely impacted their physical and mental health. We examined the themes that emerged from the data in view of three theoretical frameworks and the impact of trauma in the family system on child development. To conclude, humanitarian organizations that provide services and interventions to refugees need to take into account familial processes and not only individual factors affecting refugee children’s physical and mental health. Further implications on policies and trauma research are discussed.
Impact of Brewing Methods on Total Phenolic Content (TPC) in Various Types of Coffee

Coffee is a widely consumed beverage, both in Europe, where its consumption is highest, and on other continents. It provides many compounds, including phenolic compounds. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of various brewing methods on the total phenolic content (TPC) in the infusion. Research material comprised commercially available coffees: Instant Arabica and Robusta, freshly ground Arabica and Robusta (immediately prior to the analysis), ground Arabica and Robusta, decaffeinated Arabica, and green Arabica and Robusta. The following preparation methods were used: Pouring hot water over coffee grounds or instant coffee, preparing coffee in a percolator and using a coffee machine. Additional variables which were employed were water temperature (90 or 100 °C) and its type (filtered or unfiltered). In order to determine the impact of examined factors, 225 infusion were prepared. Total phenolic content was determined by the spectrophotometric method using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the obtained results were expressed in mg gallic acid (GAE) per 100 g of brewed coffee. The highest value was obtained for 100% Arabica ground coffee prepared in a coffee percolator using unfiltered water at a temperature of 100 °C: 657.3 ± 23 mg GAE/100 g of infusion. High values were also observed for infusions prepared in a coffee machine, where the highest TPC value was 363.8 ± 28 mg GAE/100 g for ground Arabica. In turn, the lowest TPC was obtained for Arabica green coffee in opaque packaging, brewed with filtered water at a temperature of 100 °C: 19.5 ± 1 mg GAE/100 g of infusion. No significant effect of temperature and water type on the TPC within one type of coffee was observed. Due to its high content of phenolic compounds, Arabica coffee brewed in a coffee percolator should be the most popular choice for coffee drinkers.
Combined onabotulinumtoxinA/atogepant treatment blocks activation/sensitization of high-threshold and wide-dynamic range neurons

Background OnabotulinumtoxinA and agents that block calcitonin gene‒receptor peptide action have both been found to have anti-migraine effects, but they inhibit different populations of meningeal nociceptors. We therefore tested the effects of combined treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA and the calcitonin gene‒receptor peptide antagonist atogepant on activation/sensitization of trigeminovascular neurons by cortical spreading depression. Material and methods Single-unit recordings were obtained of high-threshold and wide-dynamic-range neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, and cortical spreading depression was then induced in anesthetized rats that had received scalp injections of onabotulinumtoxinA 7 days earlier and intravenous atogepant infusion 1 h earlier. The control group received scalp saline injections and intravenous vehicle infusion. Results OnabotulinumtoxinA/atogepant pretreatment prevented cortical spreading depression-induced activation and sensitization in both populations (control: Activation in 80% of high-threshold and 70% of wide-dynamic-range neurons, sensitization in 80% of high-threshold and 60% of wide-dynamic-range neurons; treatment: activation in 10% of high-threshold and 0% of wide-dynamic-range neurons, sensitization in 0% of high-threshold and 5% of wide-dynamic-range neurons). Discussion We propose that the robust inhibition of high-threshold and wide-dynamic-range neurons by the combination treatment was achieved through dual blockade of the Aδ and C classes of meningeal nociceptors. Combination therapy that inhibits meningeal C-fibers and prevents calcitonin gene‒receptor peptide from activating its receptors on Aδ-meningeal nociceptors may be more effective than a monotherapy in reducing migraine days per month in patients with chronic migraine.
Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage During the Menstrual Cycle: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Romero-Parra, N, Cupeiro, R, Alfaro-Magallanes, VM, Rael, B, Rubio-Arias, JA, Peinado, AB, and Benito, PJ, IronFEMME Study Group. Exercise-induced muscle damage during the menstrual cycle: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-A strenuous bout of exercise could trigger damage of muscle tissue, and it is not clear how sex hormone fluctuations occurring during the menstrual cycle (MC) affect this response. The aims of this study were to systematically search and assess studies that have evaluated exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in eumenorrheic women over the MC and to perform a meta-analysis to quantify which MC phases display the muscle damage response. The guidelines of the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis were followed. A total of 19 articles were analyzed in the quantitative synthesis. Included studies examined EIMD in at least one phase of the following MC phases: early follicular phase (EFP), late follicular phase (LFP), or midluteal phase (MLP). The meta-analysis demonstrated differences between MC phases for delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and strength loss (p < 0.05), whereas no differences were observed between MC phases for creatine kinase. The maximum mean differences between pre-excercise and post-exercise for DOMS were EFP: 6.57 (4.42, 8.71), LFP: 5.37 (2.10, 8.63), and MLP: 3.08 (2.22, 3.95), whereas for strength loss were EFP: -3.46 (-4.95, -1.98), LFP: -1.63 (-2.36, -0.89), and MLP: -0.72 (-1.07, -0.36) (p < 0.001). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that hormone fluctuations throughout the MC affect EIMD in terms of DOMS and strength loss. Lower training loads or longer recovery periods could be considered in the EFP, when sex hormone concentrations are lower and women may be more vulnerable to muscle damage, whereas strength conditioning loads could be enhanced in the MLP.
Delivery of muscle-derived exosomal miRNAs induced by HIIT improves insulin sensitivity through down-regulation of hepatic FoxO1 in mice

Significance The beneficial metabolic effects of exercise are mediated at least in part by the release of soluble factors by the muscles. Exosomes, small vesicles that facilitate the exchange of biological components among cells and tissues, may constitute one of these factors. Here, we show that exercise triggers the release of exosomes by the trained muscle, carrying a specific miRNA signature that induces gene expression changes in the liver, finally contributing to increased insulin sensitivity. Molecular characterization of exercise-induced exosomal miRNAs and their effects may drive the design of novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate insulin resistance and other aging-related ailments in an increasingly older society. Implementation of regular physical activity helps in the maintenance of a healthy metabolic profile both in humans and mice through molecular mechanisms not yet completely defined. Here, we show that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) modifies the microRNA (miRNA) profile of circulating exosomes in mice, including significant increases in miR-133a and miR-133b. Importantly, treatment of sedentary mice with exosomes isolated from the plasma of trained mice improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and decreases plasma levels of triglycerides. Moreover, exosomes isolated from the muscle of trained mice display similar changes in miRNA content, and their administration to sedentary mice reproduces the improvement of glucose tolerance. Exosomal miRNAs up-regulated by HIIT target insulin-regulated transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and, accordingly, expression of FoxO1 is decreased in the liver of trained and exosome-treated mice. Treatment with exosomes transfected with a miR-133b mimic or with a specific siRNA targeting FoxO1 recapitulates the metabolic effects observed in trained mice. Overall, our data suggest that circulating exosomes released by the muscle carry a specific miRNA signature that is modified by exercise and induce expression changes in the liver that impact whole-body metabolic profile.
EFL STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN COMPREHENDING ENGLISH READING TEXTS

This study intends to find out the challenging areas of difficulty in comprehending English texts by EFL students. It is further to find out why the students face the difficulties in those areas. The participants of this study were 52 eleventh grade students from a senior school in Banda Aceh. The instruments of this study were a test and an interview guide. Based on the analysis of the test, we found that the challenging areas in comprehending the texts were inference, vocabulary and phrase question, and this question was also classified into the difficult question based on the index difficulty formula. From the interviews, the students claim that they were poor in vocabulary mastery, and limited knowledge in analyzing reading comprehension questions. Furthermore, there were some factors which lead to the students’ challenges in comprehending the text. They were discovered to be vocabulary, sentence structure, reading comprehension question types, and, finally, the lack of knowledge and skills in analyzing the text. Thus, teachers must be aware of these problems so that they can assist their students in overcoming them to further improve reading comprehension.
Odontogenic Myxoma Versus Soft Tissue Myxoma: Immunohistochemical study

Background: Odontogenic Myxoma (OM) and Soft Tissue Myxoma (STM) are two myxoid tumors that may arise in the oral cavity. They often present a diagnostic and treatment challenge because of the histological overlap at the light microscopial level. Our study aimed at understanding their origin and biological behavior through comparing the immunohistochemical expression level of the neural stem cell marker; Nestin (N), as well as the invasion marker; Matrix Metalloprotienase 9 (MMP-9). Methods: The N and MMP-9 expression area percent, were measured and calculated in a total of 16 Myxoma specimens, where 9 cases of OM and 7 cases of STM were examined. Results: N and MMP-9 were positively expressed in both OM and STM showing maily cytoplasmic immunostaing, where higher expression level in OM was found; using both markers. Conclusions: Finally, our results were able to suggest the common origin for OM and STM to be the odontogenic ectomesenchyme which is derived from neural crest cells. We propose that STM might be considered the peripheral entity of OM. Moreover, OM is less differentiated and more aggressive than STM.
THE EFFECT OF CAPTIONED VIDEO ON STUDENTS’ LISTENING COMPREHENSION

This study focused on the effect of using captioned video on students’ listening comprehension of the second grade students of SMA Laboratorium Unsyiah. Quantitative method with experimental study of two groups, pretest-posttest design, was undertaken in this study. The data was obtained from listening test and interview involving 24 second grade students at class XI IPA 2 as a control group (CG), and 24 second grade students at class XI IPS as an experimental group (EG). The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics; the results indicated that using captioned videos had a significant effect on the listening comprehension of the students. The results of Independent Sample t-test indicated that the experimental group outperformed the control group in the post-test. The descriptive statistics showed that there was a clear mean difference between the control and experimental groups. In other words, captioned video helps students excel more in listening comprehension than non-captioned video. Therefore, the use of captioned videos can be one of alternative teaching media used by the teacher in teaching English particularly in improving students’ listening comprehension achievement.
PROBLEMS THAT PRESCHOOL TEACHERS FACE IN THE CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION

This cross-sectional survey study aimed at finding the challenges faced by preschool teachers during curriculum implementation and if these challenges differed with respect to teachers’ background characteristics. Possible reasons behind the problems that were highly ranked by the participating preschool teachers in curriculum implementation were also investigated through interviews after the results of the quantitative data were revealed. Interviews were made with volunteered teachers to support the quantitative results. The quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire from 223 preschool teachers teaching in public and private preschools in Ankara, Turkey. The highly ranked problem areas by these teachers were related to evaluation, physical facilities, planning science and math activities, organizing field trips, provision of parent participation and inclusion of children with disabilities.
Diagnosis of Q Fever and Brucellosis in Aborted Ovine Fetuses by Microbiological, Pathological and Immunohistochemical Methods

Abstract Brucellosis and Q fever, two zoonoses, are important causes of abortion in ruminants, as well as economically significant diseases caused by a gram-negative bacterium. Determination of these diseases is therefore of great importance. In this study, the organs of 35 naturally infected and aborted ovine fetuses were examined for the presence of changes resulting from infections by Brucella melitensis and Coxiella burnetii, according to macroscopic, bacteriological, histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. B. melitensis was observed in 21 cases, and C. burnetii was observed in 8 cases of the aborted ovine fetuses, and these were determined with immunohistochemical methods. Brucellosis was observed in 18 of the aborted ovine fetuses, and this was determined by microbiological methods. Negative (-) results were found for all of the other fetuses. The Brucella antigen was determined to be localized as intracytoplasmic in mainly alveolar macrophages, bronchi, bronchioles, glandular epithelial cells around bronchial glands, neutrophils, hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. The Coxiella antigen was found to be localized in the alveolar macrophages in the lungs, bronchi, bronchioles and alveolus, and in the cytoplasms of bronchial gland epithelial cells, and in the cytoplasms of hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in the liver. Immunohistochemical and microbiological diagnoses of brucellosis and coxiellosis were compared; it was concluded that immunohistochemical methods were more safely applied than microbiological methods.
Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolics, and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Selected Philippine Indigenous Fruits

Nine Philippine indigenous fruits were screened for phytochemical constituents and assessed for total phenolics and antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Qualitative tests revealed the presence of alkaloids in Canarium ovatum, cardiac glycosides in Ficus pseudopalma and C. ovatum, and terpenoids in Antidesma bunius and C. ovatum. Total phenolics were highest in Garcinia binucao and Mangifera altissima with 758 and 694 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) / 100 g fresh matter (FM), respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activities ranged from 82–516 mg ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant activity (AEAC) /100 g FM, with M. altissima having the highest value and followed by Rubus rosifolius (513 mg AEAC / 100 g FM). Ferric reducing activities were highest for M. altissima and G. binucao with 111 mg and 121 mg ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE) / 100 g FM, respectively. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were strongly and positively correlated (P < 0.05). Moreover, phenolic contents may have significant contributions to the observed radical scavenging and ferric reducing activities based on their strong positive correlations (P < 0.05). For the antibacterial activities, extracts from Citrus hystrix and R. rosifolius were the most effective against Escherichia coli (MIC80 = 1.70 mg GAE/mL), while the F. pseudopalma extract was the most effective against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC80 = 0.56 mg GAE / mL). Present results showed that the selected indigenous fruits could be valuable sources of phytochemicals, such as phenolics and flavonoids, with potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
Influence de l'hypnose sur les perceptions visuelles : étude de la variation des potentiels évoqués visuels pendant une suggestion hypnotique

Etudier la maniere dont l’hypnose influence l’integration sensorielle est pertinent pour comprendre ses effets sur le fonctionnement cerebral, et la conscience. Des etudes recentes ont suggere un effet de l’hypnose sur le systeme visuel. L’objectif de cette etude etait d’explorer l’influence de l’hypnose sur le traitement visuel de bas niveau. Avec onze volontaires hautement hypnotisables, nous avons mesure simultanement les potentiels evoques visuels (PEV) et l’electroretinogramme pendant la presentation d’un damier noir et blanc alternant. Pour la condition de controle, nous avons presente des damiers de 15’, 30’ et 60’ minutes d’arc (petit, moyen, grand carreaux). Nous avons ensuite enregistre les PEV et l’ERG avec le damier 30’ sous hypnose avec une premiere suggestion de diminution de la taille des carreaux, puis une seconde d’augmentation de la taille des carreaux du damier. Nous avons demontre qu’une suggestion hypnotique avait un effet comparable a une modification directe de la taille des carreaux sur la latence de l’onde P100 a l’electroencephalogramme. Cette etude pilote tend a montrer une influence de l’hypnose sur le systeme visuel precoce. Des etudes ulterieures, incluant un plus grand nombre de participants permettrait d’obtenir des preuves plus solides.
Extraction of geometrical structure of ethylene molecules by laser-induced electron diffraction combined with ab initio scattering calculations

Author(s): Ito, Y; Carranza, R; Okunishi, M; Lucchese, RR; Ueda, K | Abstract: © 2017 American Physical Society. We measured angle-resolved high-energy electron spectra emitted from C2H4 in an intense laser field, extracted field-free electron-ion elastic scattering differential cross sections (DCSs) according to quantitative rescattering theory, and obtained molecular contrast factors (MCFs) subtracting the incoherent sum of DCSs of all the atoms in the molecule. Comparing the results with ab initio scattering calculations and employing least-squares fitting, we have extracted the C-C and C-H bond lengths of the molecule with ∼5% uncertainty. This approach opens the way to retrieve the structure of hydrocarbon molecules, potentially at high temporal resolution, employing low collision energies where electron scattering is sensitive to the hydrogen atoms; and where the independent atom model calculations may fail to reproduce the experimentally extracted MCF.