Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pollen morphology of some tribes of Brassicaceae from Egypt and its systematic implications

Pollen morphology of 39 species belonging to 23 genera of the tribes Arabideae, Euclidieae, Hes-perideae, Lunarieae, Matthioleae and Sisymbrieae from Brassicaceae from Egypt were studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pollen grains were tricolpate. Their shape varies from prolate spheroidal, subprolate to prolate. Three pollen types can be distinguished based on the size of the lumina. The ornamentation varies between genera within the tribes and between species within the same genus. The ornamentation was found use-ful to distinguish among closely related genera such as Matthiola, Morettia and Diceratella and among species in the same genus such as Arabis, Morettia, Malcolmia and Neotorularia. Our results suggest that tribes Sisymbrieae, Matthioleae, Hesperideae and Arabideae are heterogeneous because all three types of ornamentation are found among the genera of these tribes. However, the tribes Euclidieae and Lunarieae are homogeneous because we found only one type of ornamentation among the genera. Aus der Flora Agyptens wurde die Pollenmorphologie von 39 Arten aus 23 Gattungen der Tribus Arabideae, Euclidieae, Hesperideae, Lunarieae, Matthioleae und Sisymbrieae (Brassicaceae) mittels Raster-Elektronenmikroskopie (REM) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Pollenkorner tricolpat sind. Ihre Formen variieren von prolat spharoid uber subprolat bis prolat. Drei Pollentypen konnen nach der Grose der Lumina unterschieden werden. Die Skulptur der Exine variiert zwischen den Gattungen, innerhalb von Triben und zwischen den Arten einer Gattung. Die Pollen-Ornamentierung kann zur Unterscheidung nahe verwandter Gattungen wie Matthiola, Morettia und Diceratella herangezogen werden. Auch zur Abgrenzung von Arten der Gattungen Arabis, Morettia, Malcolmia und Neotorularia ist die Ornamentierung der Pollen einsetzbar. Unsere Resultate zeigen, dass die Triben Sisymbrieae, Matthioleae, Hesperideae und Arabideae heterogen sind, da alle drei Typen der Ornamentierung in den Gattungen dieser Triben gefunden wurden. Die Triben Euclidieae und Lunarieae hingegen sind diesbezuglich homogen, da wir nur einen Ornamenttyp innerhalb einer Gattung gefunden haben.
The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications

Bony fishes of the morphologically diverse infraclass Teleostei include more than 31 000 species, encompassing almost one-half of all extant vertebrates. A remarkable anatomical complex in teleosts is the adductor mandibulae, the primary muscle in mouth closure and whose subdivisions vary in number and complexity. Difficulties in recognizing homologies amongst adductor mandibulae subdivisions across the Teleostei have hampered the understanding of the evolution of this system and consequently its application in phylogenetic analyses. The adductor mandibulae in representatives of all lower teleost orders is described, illustrated, and compared based on broad taxonomic sampling complemented by extensive literature information. Muscle division homologies are clarified via the application of a standardized homology-driven anatomical terminology with synonymies provided to the myological terminologies of previous studies. Phylogenetic implications of the observed variations in the adductor mandibulae are discussed and new possible synapomorphies are proposed for the Notacanthiformes, Ostariophysi, Cypriniformes, Siluriphysi, Gymnotiformes, and Alepocephaloidei. New characters corroborate the putative monophyly of the clades Albuliformes plus Notacanthiformes (Elopomorpha), Argentinoidei plus Esocoidei plus Salmonoidei (Protacanthopterygii) and Hemiodontidae plus Parodontidae (Characiformes). We further confirm the validity of characters from the adductor mandibulae previously proposed to support the monophyly of the Esocoidei and the gonorynchiform clade Gonorynchoidei plus Knerioidei. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London
Comparative morphology of pond, stream and phytotelm-dwelling tadpoles of the South American Redbelly Toads (Anura: Bufonidae: Melanophryniscus)

We present a comprehensive review of larval morphology in the Neotropical toad genus Melanophryniscus. The taxa studied included 23 species with representatives of recognized phenetic groups and different larval ecomorphological guilds: pond, stream, and phytotelm-dwelling tadpoles. Their external morphology variation is congruent with current phenetic arrangement based on adult features, but also reflects the habitat where larvae develop. Lotic tadpoles (i.e. M. tumifrons group and M. krauczuki) in general exhibit a more depressed body, a longer tail with lower fins, and larger oral discs than lentic forms (i.e. M. stelzneri group, M. moreirae, M. sanmartini, and M. langonei). Despite their peculiar, confined microhabitat, phytotelm larvae do not diverge markedly from non-arboreal species. The distinctive features of all species are the presence of a pineal end organ and the placement of the intestinal reversal point at the left of the abdomen in typical larval stages. The buccal cavity and musculoskeletal anatomy are quite conserved between species, yet some characteristics differ from those of other bufonids. The presence of one pair of subhyoid muscles is apparently an exclusive trait of Melanophryniscus among Bufonidae. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 112, 417–441.
The Effect of Social Capital on the Performance of Women Entrepreneurs

This study investigates the effect of social capital on the performance of women entrepreneurs. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire which was administered on women entrepreneurs. Data was analyzed using Pearson moment correlation and linear regression analyses. Findings revealed a strong and positive relationship between social capital and the performance of women entrepreneurs. Put in another way, every unit or 100% increase in social capital will lead to an increase of . 315 or 31.5% increase in business performance. This implies that enterprise performance is not restricted to availability of human and financial capital, but the valuable information on markets, suppliers, and methods of operation availed by social capital creates an avenue for improved performance. It was recommended that financial institutions should create avenues through which women would interact and learn diverse business practices. Keywords: Social Capital, Women Entrepreneurs, Performance, Financial Institutions. DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/12-2-10 Publication date: January 31 st 2020
Evaluación de la calidad de ensilajes mixtos de maíz (Zea mays) y especies arbóreas (Leucaena leucocephala y Brosimum alicastrum)

Se evaluo el efecto de incluir dos especies arboreas ( Leucaena leucocephala y Brosimum alicastrum ), en la calidad del ensilaje de maiz ( Zea mays ). Las arboreas se incluyeron al 15, 30 y 45%, el ensilaje solo de maiz se considero como testigo. Se emplearon microsilos de laboratorio (1,8 L), los cuales se abrieron a los 60 dias, para determinar la composicion quimica y las caracteristicas fermentativas. La composicion quimica promedio fue de 7,7 ± 2,2, 53,7 ± 1,2 y 36,4 ± 3,1 para PC, FDN y FDA respectivamente, y se encontraron diferencias significativas (P < 0,05) para PC y FDA, por efecto del porcentaje de incusion de la arborea. Las caracteristicas fermentativas promedio fueron 3,9 ± 0,3, 4,0 ± 1,0 y 10,4 ± 2,9, para pH, AL y N-NH 3 /NT respectivamente, se encontraron diferencias significativas (P < 0,05) en pH y AL por efecto del porcentaje de inclusion, y en el contenido de N-NH 3 /NT por efecto de la especie arborea y el porcentaje de inclusion. Los ensilajes mixtos (gramineas + arboreas) pueden representar una opcion, para incrementar el aporte de nutrientes en dietas de rumiantes en el tropico.
Multisensor Fusion for Magnetic Flux Leakage Defect Characterization Under Information Incompletion

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) inspection robots are widely used in the pipeline inspection industry to obtain MFL information from multisensor sources. Multisensor fusion is required for precise defect characterization. In this article, a multisensor fusion framework is presented to fuse and enhance MFL information for defect characterization. First, a space-vector-based information fusion method is proposed for better reflecting the spatial distribution of real magnetic field, where the direction and amplitude information of magnetic field are considered simultaneously. Second, considering the information incompletion caused by unstable inspection environment and abnormal device, the improved conditional generative adversarial nets are designed to enhance MFL information. These networks can effectively reconstruct multisensor information by refining the generator loss function, so that the enhanced MFL information can be better applied for defect characterization. Experimental results are compared with state of the art in detail, which highlight the superiority of the proposed multisensor fusion method in MFL inspection.
Sveva: development and evaluation of a supportive care model to reduce breast biopsy pre-operative anxiety: a randomized case-control study

In order to assess the efficacy of the Supportive Care intervention used to reduce Pre-Operative Anxiety, a randomized case-control study has been performed at the Breast Unit of the Careggi Hospital in Florence, comparing a Supportive Care Group (taking part in a colloquium) to a Control Group receiving standard care. Interventions’ efficacy was tested in 2 ANCOVAs and in a 2-ways ANOVA. Women recruited from January 2015 to February 2015 completed: The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information (Moreman et al., 1996), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberg, 1983) and the The Mini - Module Depression (Sheehan, et al. 1998). In the first ANCOVA, Group produced a significant reduction of APAIS (p 0.05) (R 2 =0.11). In the third 2-Ways ANOVA: Group x Depression over Pre-Operative Anxiety, Group was significant (p<0.01), (R 2 =0.10). In our experimental design, a Supportive Care colloquium was found to significantly reduce the level of Pre-Operative Anxiety in women undergoing Breast Biopsy when compared to Standard Care, even when the confounding effect of Trait Anxiety, Age and Depression were included in the models.
Long noncoding RNA DANCR confers cytarabine resistance in acute myeloid leukemia by activating autophagy via the miR‐874‐3P/ATG16L1 axis

Autophagy is an important mechanism involved in the regulation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) chemoresistance. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) differentiation antagonizing non‐protein coding RNA (DANCR) exhibits oncogenic activity in several types of human cancers, including AML, but it remains unclear whether it regulates autophagy and chemoresistance in AML. We report here that cytarabine (Ara‐C) treatment elevates DANCR expression in human AML cells. In addition, DANCR overexpression confers and its knockdown diminishes Ara‐C resistance in human AML cells, suggesting that DANCR positively regulates AML chemoresistance to Ara‐C. Moreover, DANCR promotes autophagy in Ara‐C‐treated human AML cells and acts as a sponge to decrease miR‐20a‐5p expression, thereby upregulating the expression of ATG16L1, a critical component of the autophagy machinery. Importantly, ATG16L1 silencing abrogates DANCR‐promoted autophagy and markedly restores DANCR‐conferred Ara‐C resistance, suggesting that DANCR promotes MIR‐874‐3P/ATG16L1 axis‐regulated autophagy to confer Ara‐C resistance in human AML cells. Together, this study identifies DANCR as a positive regulator of Ara‐C resistance in human AML cells, suggesting this lncRNA as a potential target for overcoming Ara‐C resistance in AML chemotherapy.
Egg Quality Effect by Breeder Ages and Egg Storage

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of age of broiler breeder (30 and 45 weeks), storage period (2, 4, 6 and 8 days) and their interactions on egg quality traits of the Ross-308 broiler breeder eggs. The experiment included the measurements of the egg quality characteristics in the research laboratory. Results from this study were summarizing as: age of broiler breeder had significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on some quality traits of the eggs such as: egg weight, albumin weight, yolk weight, Haugh unit, yolk height, yolk index, Storage period had significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on egg weight, albumin weight, Haugh unit, yolk index.
Climate Change Impacts on Extreme Flows Under IPCC RCP Scenarios in the Mountainous Kaidu Watershed, Tarim River Basin

In the 21st century, heavier rainfall events and warmer temperatures in mountainous regions have significant impacts on hydrological processes and the occurrence of flood/drought extremes. Long-term modeling and peak flow detection of streamflow series are crucial in understanding the behavior of flood and drought. This study was conducted to analyze the impacts of future climate change on extreme flows in the Kaidu River Basin, northwestern China. The soil water assessment tool (SWAT) was used for hydrological modeling. The projected future precipitation and temperature under Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios were downscaled and used to drive the validated SWAT model. A generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution was employed to assess the probability distribution of flood events. The modeling results showed that the simulated discharge well matched the observed ones both in the calibration and validation periods. Comparing with the historical period, the ensemble with 15 general circulation models (GCMs) showed that the annual precipitation will increase by 7.9–16.1% in the future, and extreme precipitation events will increase in winter months. Future temperature will increase from 0.42 °C/10 a to 0.70 °C/10 a. However, with respect to the hydrological response to climate change, annual mean runoff will decrease by 21.5–40.0% under the mean conditions of the four RCP scenarios. A reduction in streamflow will occur in winter, while significantly increased discharge will occur from April to May. In addition, designed floods for return periods of five, 10 and 20 years in the future, as predicted by the GEV distribution, will decrease by 3–20% over the entire Kaidu watershed compared to those in the historical period. The results will be used to help local water resource management with hazard warning and flood control.
Influence of Si content on thermal expansion characteristic of Al–Si alloys

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to find out how Si precipitation affects the linear thermal expansion behaviors of Al–Si alloys with various Si content. These Al–Si alloys were manufactured by gravity casting using 99.98 wt-% pure Al and 98.5 wt-% Si pellets. Solution treatment was carried out at 530°C for 10 h for each specimen. As-quenched specimens were subjected to microstructure observation and linear thermal expansion analysis. Si precipitation and additional linear thermal expansion occurred at lower temperature when Si content was increased to 9.5 wt-%. The activation energy of Si precipitation was also lower when Si content was higher. Eutectic Si reduced diffusion distance and acted as a nucleation site of dissolved Si atoms in the Al matrix during aging. These Si phases decreased Si precipitation temperature and activation energy of Si precipitation.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kebijakan Dividen, dan Struktur Modal pada Nilai Perusahaan

The purpose of this study is to know empirically the effect of profitability, dividend policyi andi capital structure on thei value of LQ45 companiesi listedi oni thei Indonesiai Stocki Exchangei for the periodi 2014-2018. Samplesi werei selectedi usingi purposive samplingi techniquei to obtaini a totali samplei of six companies, so the numberi of observationsi with a studyi period of 5 years was 30 observations. Total populations were sixtyeight companies. The data analyse technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the analysis that has been done shows that the probability, dividend policy and capital structure significant positive effect on value of the company. Keywords : Profitability; Dividend Policy; Capital Structure; Company Value
Cloning and Selection

Cloning is described as a method for isolating a specific cell type or genetic variant by diluting a cell inoculum to such an extent that the surviving cells grow as isolated colonies. Protocols are provided for dilution cloning of adherent cells and suspension cloning in agar or methylcellulose for non-adherent or transformed cells. As plating efficiencies vary, and can often be quite low, methods are provided for enhancing plating, including medium supplementation, use of conditioned medium, and plating on to growth arrested feeder layers. Techniques are also provided for isolating clones grown attached to the substrate or grown in suspension. Keywords: cell cloning; cell selection; genetic variants; adherent cells; suspension; agar; Methocel; methylcellulose; clonal isolation; feeder layers; hormones; polylysine
Production of Oligosaccharides from Agrofood Wastes

The development of biorefinery processes to platform chemicals for most lignocellulosic substrates, results in side processes to intermediates such as oligosaccharides. Agrofood wastes are most amenable to produce such intermediates, in particular, cellooligo-saccharides (COS), pectooligosaccharides (POS), xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and other less abundant oligomers containing mannose, arabinose, galactose and several sugar acids. These compounds show a remarkable bioactivity as prebiotics, elicitors in plants, food complements, healthy coadyuvants in certain therapies and more. They are medium to high added-value compounds with an increasing impact in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic and food industries. This review is focused on the main production processes: autohydrolysis, acid and basic catalysis and enzymatic saccharification. Autohydrolysis of food residues at 160–190 °C leads to oligomer yields in the 0.06–0.3 g/g dry solid range, while acid hydrolysis of pectin (80–120 °C) or cellulose (45–180 °C) yields up to 0.7 g/g dry polymer. Enzymatic hydrolysis at 40–50 °C of pure polysaccharides results in 0.06–0.35 g/g dry solid (DS), with values in the range 0.08–0.2 g/g DS for original food residues.
Expanding English Vocabulary Knowledge through Reading: Insights from Eye-tracking Studies

Students in academic contexts are expected to engage with large amounts of reading and they frequently meet unknown words and phrases in those reading materials. Previous research has shown that second and foreign language learners can acquire some of the unknown vocabulary that they encounter during reading. However, these previous findings were mainly based on scores in off-line, post-reading tests and thus, our understanding of the cognitive processes involved during learning from reading has been rather limited. Technological advancements have made it easier for researchers to explore learners’ online processing behaviour. One of such advancements is eye-tracking, which provides a rich record of online reading behaviour. The last decade has witnessed an unprecedented increase in the number of eye-tracking studies conducted in second/foreign language learning research, with a particular focus on vocabulary learning from reading. This article illustrates how the use of eye-tracking has helped researchers gain a better understanding of the process of vocabulary learning from reading and of the relationship between eye-movements and performance measures. This article discusses recent research findings and identifies directions for future research.
Effect of post‐teneral diets on the performance of sterile Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua fruit flies

The effect of post‐teneral diets on the mating performance, pheromone production and longevity of sterile Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) was investigated. Enriched pre‐release diets improved male mating performance. Wild and sterile males fed on mango and orange fruits achieved the greatest copulatory success, followed by those fed on a 3 : 1 sugar : yeast (SY) diet. Males fed only on a sugar diet achieved the lowest number of matings. The mean numbers of copulas achieved by wild males were significantly higher than those by sterile males fed on a sugar‐only diet, while there were no significant differences between wild males and sterile males fed on yeast diets. There was a trend of reduced mean number of copulas as the proportion of yeast was reduced in the diet, but differences were not significant. Pre‐release diets had a significant effect on pheromone production. Males fed on a 3 : 1 SY diet produced the greatest amount of the three main pheromone components in A. ludens males and two major components in A. obliqua males, followed by males fed on fruits or pasteurized fruit juice. Males fed on a sugar only diet produced the lowest amounts. The longevity response to post‐teneral diets was complex. The most yeast‐rich diet and the poorest diet (sugar only) resulted in the lowest life expectancies. Flies fed on 24 : 1 SY diets showed the highest life expectancies for both males and females of the two species. Considering the tradeoffs between mating performance and longevity, the 24 : 1 SY diet would be recommended for programmes integrating the sterile insect technique, but the effects of these diets on field survival and dispersal still need to be investigated.
A quantitative analysis of Salmonella Typhimurium metabolism during infection

In this thesis, Salmonella metabolism during infection was investigated. The goal was to gain a quantitative and comprehensive understanding of Salmonella in vivo nutrient supply, utilization and growth. To achieve this goal, we used a combined experimental / in silico approach. First, we generated a reconstruction of Salmonella metabolism ([1], see 2.1). This reconstruction was then combined with in vivo data from experimental mutant phenotypes to build a comprehensive quantitative in vivo model of Salmonella metabolism during infection (unpublished data, see 2.2). The data indicated that Salmonella resided in a quantitatively nutrient poor environment, which limited Salmonella in vivo growth. On the other hand, the in vivo niche of Salmonella was qualitatively rich with at least 45 different metabolites available to Salmonella. We then used the in vivo model of infection to analyze reasons for the preponderance of Salmonella genes with undetectable virulence phenotype (unpublished data, see 2.3). Our data indicated that host supply with diverse nutrients resulted in large-scale inactivity of numerous Salmonella metabolic pathways. This together with extensive metabolic redundancy was the main cause of the massive Salmonella gene dispensability during infection. To verify this hypothesis experimentally, an unbiased method for large scale mutagenesis was developed (unpublished data, see 2.4). Results from 20 Salmonella mutator lines indicate that Salmonella can tolerate at least some 2700 to 3900 mutations, emphasizing again that a vast majority of Salmonella genes are dispensable in a defined environment.