Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pre-SEMMS: A Design of Prepaid Smart Energy Meter Monitoring System for Household Uses Based on Internet of Things

The use of prepaid smart electricity services from the State Electricity Company (SEC) for the general public in Indonesia has increased. It is because prepaid electricity has several advantages compared to postpaid electricity. One of them is that it is becoming easier for customers to manage and control their daily electricity usage. Customers can also estimate their total electricity consumption each month. However, customers still have to manually view the information on the electricity meter to find data and information on prepaid electricity. It can make it difficult for customers if the electricity meter is placed outside the house, which is quite far away. Customers must also constantly monitor the use of electricity. This article discusses a prepaid smart electricity consumption monitoring design using Internet of Things technology. The design is carried out without changing the standard prepaid electricity meter system from the SEC. However, a KWH meter tool has been developed that has been combined with Internet of Things technology and can calculate and monitor electricity usage. The results show that with this system, customers can more easily find out and monitor their daily electricity consumption.
The Effect Of Streptomycin And Clindamycin On Dnase I Activity On The Quality Of Dna Of Salivary Origin

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains genetic material with all an individual’s information. Saliva has the potential to be a good source of human DNA. When compared to blood sampling, saliva is easier to collect and the collection process is non-invasive. However, human DNA collected from saliva has the potential to be degraded due to deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity in saliva. DNase activity can be inhibited by antibiotics, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics and lincomycin derivatives. This study aimed to determine the effect of streptomycin and clindamycin on DNAse I activity against the quality of human genomic DNA from saliva. The sampling technique was that samples were collected from 9 subjects with each subject flowing into a saliva pot. Before saliva collection, subjects were asked to rinse their mouth with a solution of chlorhexidine gargle (Listerin™) for 30 seconds, then the samples were divided into four groups. The average concentration of DNA extracted from the spin-column method was 32.91 g/mL (7.10-99.45 g/mL) while the average purity was 1.813 g/mL (1.639-2.043 g/mL). With clindamycin treatment, PCR was able to amplify the human NOTCH2 gene (~704 bp) while various concentrations of streptomycin produced multiple bands of ~100 bp. The concentration of 3.2 mM clindamycin effectively inhibits DNAse I activity and can amplify the human NOTCH2 gene while streptomycin cannot protect.
Exploring complex networks by means of two-variable time series of vertex observables

We investigate the scaling of the cross-correlations calculated for two-variable time series containing vertex properties in the context of complex networks. Time series of such observables are obtained by means of stationary, unbiased random walks. We consider three vertex properties that provide, respectively, short, medium, and long-range information regarding the topological role of a vertex in a given network. We present and discuss results obtained on some well-known network models, as well as on real data representing protein contact networks. Our results suggest that the proposed analysis framework provides useful insights on the structural organization of complex networks. For instance, the analysis of protein contact networks reveals characteristics shared with both scale-free and small-world models.
Buckling and vibration of flexoelectric nanofilms subjected to mechanical loads

Piezoelectric nanofilms (PNFs) are widely used in microelectromechanical systems, buckling commonly occurs when subjected to compressive mechanical loads in their applications. In this paper we comprehensively study the flexoelectric effect on the buckling and vibrational behaviors of PNFs. The results from the analytical solutions indicate the significance of the flexoelectricity. The critical buckling loads and natural frequency are enhanced by the flexoelectricity. Analytical results indicate that the critical buckling load is not only influenced by the thickness of the PNFs, but also by the in-plane aspect ratio. When the thickness of the PNFs is several micrometers, the critical buckling load predicted by the present model is much higher than the prediction by the classical piezoelectric plate model. And the natural frequency calculated by the current model is much higher than that obtained by the classical piezoelectricity plate theory when the thickness is several tens of nanometers.
Landsat Satellite Image-Derived Area Evolution and the Driving Factors Affecting Hulun Lake from 1986 to 2020

The area fluctuation of lakes directly affects the stability of the surrounding ecological environment. Research on the area evolution of lakes and the driving factors affecting it plays an important role in sustainable water resource management. In this study, Hulun Lake, located in the Hulunbuir grassland, was taken as the research object. Based on remote sensing images of the Hulun Lake area from 1986 to 2020, MNDWI interpretation was used to obtain the change law of lake surface area over a long time frame. Combined with natural factors and anthropogenic factors, Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the driving force. The results showed that (1) in the past 35 years, the water surface area of Hulun Lake has decreased significantly. The dynamic change in water area could be divided into four stages. The areas with dramatic changes in water area are distributed mainly in the northeast and south of Hulun Lake. (2) In terms of natural factors, the meteorological factors based on evaporation and relative humidity, the runoff of rivers entering the lake, and the vegetation with medium-high coverage and medium-low coverage had significant effects. In terms of anthropogenic factors, the population had the most significant impact. The artificial water diversion project had different degrees of influence on the response of the Hulun Lake area change to natural factors. (3) Anthropogenic factors were the main driving force causing the rapid change in the Hulun Lake area from 2000 to 2016, explaining 48% of the change in the Hulun Lake area. These research results can provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of water resources and sustainable development in the Hulun Lake area.
Flow Characteristics of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow under Microgravity. Experimental Results Utilizing Parabolic Trajectory Flights.

In order to predict various phenomena related to flow and heat transfer in space, it is necessary to carry out experiments under microgravity. The present report deals with the characteristics of a gas-liquid two-phase flow under microgravity utilizing parabolic trajectory flights. The experiment was carried out in a horizontal transparent acrylic resin tube of 10.5 mm I. D. and 500 mm length, using gaseous N2 and water as the working fluid, in a superficial gas velocity range of 0.025m/s to 4.6m/s and superficial water velocity range of 0.062m/s to 0.35m/s. The flow pattern, pressure drop and void fraction obtained in the microgravity experiment were compared with the results in the ground test, and also with other experimental results obtained under normal gravity. As a result, the two-phase frictional multiplier could be expressed by correlation of φ2L=1+16/X+1/X2 using the Martinelli parameter X.
Missing More Serves May Win More Points

This note embellishes David Gale's engaging piece about serving strategies in tennis [1]. It includes a review of the needed concepts, so familiarity with [1] is not required. The server in tennis ordinarily cultivates an arsenal of two serves: r, rapid and risky; and s, slow and safe. The customary strategy is to employ one's risky serve first, then (when necessary) one's safe serve. Why is that good? If the proportion of bad serves (of either kind) should go up, the server frets. Why fret? Nonmathematicians fail these questions, because the answers require formulating and combining conditional probabilities, concepts that defeat them: McEnroe is happy to have got in his first serve "when he needed to"; coaches count the number of aces; reporters quote isolated statistics; players explain that they use a safe second serve to prevent a double fault; announcers report that Connors is missing his first serve and "it's hurting him. " Let w. denote the probability that the server wins the point on serving a particular serve x(= r or s). To win, two things must happen: one's serve must be good, and one must win the ensuing play. Let p_ denote the probability that the serve is good, and let v, be the probability that, if it is good, the server goes on to win the point. Then
Selection of Cow Dung for the Agnihotra Yajnya

Agnihotra is a traditional domestic solemnity, performed to maintain harmony between living beings and nature, without harming and by giving respect. Agnihotra, the simplest forms of Yajnya performed at sunset/ sunrise in which cow dung is burned in the copper pot by using cow ghee and brown rice as oblations along with chanting of mantras of sun and fire. Dung of cow is a major component used in Agnihotra process. Composition of cow’s dung varies according to the cow breed, cow metabolism, cow feed, etc. and hence selection of cow species for the dung is important. The sun dried dung of various 43 registered Indian cow (Bos taurus indicus) breeds were screened based on the extent of different products viz., O2, CO2, CO, H2O, N2, SOx, NOx, PM, and ash produced after burning. The results showed that the dung of Gir cow’s breed is most suitable for Agnihotra as compared to other Indian cow breeds.
Factors influencing participation in shared decision making in the oncological setting

The increasing prevalence of cancer and the decreasing number of oncology specialists in Europe’s workforce have led patients having to self-manage their conditions with the help of a health care professional. Ensuring cancer patients’ good understanding of molecular profiling data is crucial for their active participation in illness-related decisions. Although shared decision making improves patients’ knowledge and consideration of their needs, several difficulties remain in implementing shared decision making in cancer care. The objective of the research is to examine the relationship between sociodemographic aspects and knowledge of cancer-related topics and willingness to participate in cancer care. A cross-sectional study using a web-based questionnaire was conducted, including 1066 respondents among the population of Estonia. Logistic regression was used to answer research questions. There is a lack of knowledge and willingness of patients and their relatives to participate in shared decision making. Unlike in previous studies, higher readiness was observed among the ethnic minority and rural citizens. In addition to the factors previously identified, there is a need to consider a potential role of cultural and historical background of the health care system in determining the willingness and readiness of the general public to participate in shared decision making. These findings highlight the potential uniqueness of societies, in which paternalistic and autonomous approaches to patient care clash, and similar results may be found in other countries with a Soviet legacy. If there is a lack of readiness or willingness of a patient to participate, a physician should provide alternative means of support.
A Reconstructed Human Melanoma-in-Skin Model to Study Immune Modulatory and Angiogenic Mechanisms Facilitating Initial Melanoma Growth and Invasion

Simple Summary The melanoma-conditioned microenvironment promotes immune escape and tumor progression, contributing to resistance to anti-melanoma immunotherapy in a large group of treated patients. While two-dimensional cultures lack tissue-context, animals poorly predict human immune responses. Thus, a clear need exists for more physiological human models. We previously described an in vitro human melanoma-in-skin (Mel-RhS) model with the SK-MEL-28 cell line mirroring features of invasive melanoma. Here, we further investigated the tumor-induced microenvironment of this model, generated five additional Mel-RhS models (A375, COLO829, G361, MeWo, and RPMI-7951), and performed in-depth analysis of invasion, immune modulation, angiogenesis, and their respective mediators. We present three-dimensional models allowing for the study of diverse tumor-intrinsic properties that could be used to investigate efficacy of therapeutic interventions. By mimicking different stages of melanoma and related features, each Mel-RhS can be further individually tailored to obtain a physiologically evermore relevant model to study specific mechanisms underlying melanomagenesis and progression. Abstract Invasion, immune modulation, and angiogenesis are crucial in melanoma progression. Studies based on animals or two-dimensional cultures poorly recapitulate the tumor-microenvironmental cross-talk found in humans. This highlights a need for more physiological human models to better study melanoma features. Here, six melanoma cell lines (A375, COLO829, G361, MeWo, RPMI-7951, and SK-MEL-28) were used to generate an in vitro three-dimensional human melanoma-in-skin (Mel-RhS) model and were compared in terms of dermal invasion and immune modulatory and pro-angiogenic capabilities. A375 displayed the most invasive phenotype by clearly expanding into the dermal compartment, whereas COLO829, G361, MeWo, and SK-MEL-28 recapitulated to different extent the initial stages of melanoma invasion. No nest formation was observed for RPMI-7951. Notably, the integration of A375 and SK-MEL-28 cells into the model resulted in an increased secretion of immune modulatory factors (e.g., M-CSF, IL-10, and TGFβ) and pro-angiogenic factors (e.g., Flt-1 and VEGF). Mel-RhS-derived supernatants induced endothelial cell sprouting in vitro. In addition, observed A375-RhS tissue contraction was correlated to increased TGFβ release and α-SMA expression, all indicative of differentiation of fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblast-like cells and reminiscent of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, consistent with A375′s most prominent invasive behavior. In conclusion, we successfully generated several Mel-RhS models mimicking different stages of melanoma progression, which can be further tailored for future studies to investigate individual aspects of the disease and serve as three-dimensional models to assess efficacy of therapeutic strategies.
Quantitative Study of the Morphological Variations among Dzieduszyckia Populations from the Devonian Rongxian Formation, South China and their Influencing Factors

The rhynchonellide brachiopod Dzieduszyckia Siemiradzki is widely distributed in the Lower Famennian strata, and exhibits a wide range of morphological variations among populations. 1272 autochthonous Devonian Rongxian Dzieduszyckia fossils were collected from three populations in South China, namely the Dazhai, Dalong, and Longmi sections. A series of quantitative morphological analyses were conducted to understand the morphological variation among populations and identify the triggers responsible for such variations. The results show that the Dazhai population differs significantly in morphospace from the Dalong and Longmi populations, while the latter two exhibit more similar morphological features, suggesting that geographic distribution may play a key role in affecting Dzieduszyckia morphology. The Longmi population shows a distinct morphospace from the Dazhai population and an overlapped morphospace with the Dalong population, indicating that habitat may not be the controlling factor. Lastly, the Dazhai and Dalong populations share some morphological similarities, but the Dazhai and Longmi populations occupy completely different morphospaces, indicating that evolution had a greater impact on phenotypic divergence than habitat. Our findings suggest that geographic distribution is the predominant factor influencing the morphological variation of Dzieduszyckia, while evolution and living habitat are less significant, the former of which might play a more important role.
Risk Assessment of Osteoarthritis Among Geriatric Population in Perambalur District Using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index and Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that occurs resulting from tear and progressive loss of articular cartilage. It is one of the leading causes of disability in elderly people. This study aims to assess the risk of OA and the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) independently among the geriatric population using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scale and Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (Katz ADL) scale, respectively. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the geriatric population in Perambalur district, Tamil Nadu from November 2022 to January 2023. Around 415 geriatric populations above 60 years of age were included by using a simple random sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic profiles, personal and medical details, OA risk (WOMAC), and ADL (Katz ADL scale). Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and the Katz ADL scale and the WOMAC index score for assessing OA risk. Results: The mean age of participants was 69.62 ± 6.86 years. The mean ± SD score for the WOMAC scale and the Katz ADL scale among the geriatric population was 20.997 ± 14.69 and 4.821 ± 2.37, respectively. The OA risk among the geriatric population using the WOMAC scale was low in 98 (23.6%), moderate in 216 (52%), and high risk in 101 (24.3%) participants. Using the Katz ADL scale, 332 (80%) participants were found to be independent and 83 (20%) were dependent. The high-risk factors for developing OA were age ≥ 70 years, female sex, living in a rural area, employment status, Muslim religion, the habit of betel nut chewing, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, thyroid diseases, family history of knee OA, history of previous surgery, and ADL, significantly associated with WOMAC (p < 0.05). Conclusion: As per the WOMAC scale, approximately 24.3% of the geriatric population is at high risk of developing OA and 20% of them are dependent on performing ADL as assessed using the Katz ADL scale. The WOMAC and Katz ADL scales are simple questionnaire-based screening tools used to detect high-risk individuals for OA at an early stage in the geriatric population.
Hematological and coagulation parameters as predictors of death by Coronavirus disease in hospitalized patients: a Brazilian follow-up study

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the hematological and coagulation parameters according to the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We analyzed the hematological and coagulation parameters of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at admission, and two and three weeks during hospitalization. To assess the performance of these parameters in predicting poor outcomes, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created. We studied 128 patients with COVID-19 (59.2±17.7 years, 56% male). Non-survivors (n=54, 42%) presented significant alterations in hematological and coagulation parameters at admission, such as increased in white blood cells (WBC), neutrophil, and band cell counts, as well as elevated prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time, and D-dimer levels. During follow-up, the same group presented a gradual increase in D-dimer and PT levels, accompanied by a reduction in PT activity, hemoglobin, and red blood cell count (RBC). ROC curves showed that WBC, neutrophil, and band cell counts presented the best area under the curve (AUC) values with sensitivity and specificity of >70%; however, a logistic regression model combining all the parameters, except for RBC, presented an AUC of 0.89, sensitivity of 84.84%, and specificity of 77.41%. Our study shows that significant alterations in hematological and coagulation tests at admission could be useful predictors of disease severity and mortality in COVID-19.
Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a condition in which excess material builds up not only in the structures of the anterior chamber but also throughout the body. The frequency of the syndrome varies significantly (0.3–18%) depending on the region and the method of examination. Environmental risk factors for XFS include a large number of sunny days, proximity to the equator, dietary factors such as higher consumption of coffee and tea, long-term alcohol consumption, exposure to UV, and outdoor work. The pathognomonic sign of XFS is the presence of white material on the lens capsule and other anterior chamber components. In addition, a characteristic Sampaolesi line can be observed during gonioscopy. Systemic alterations indicative of XFS have been observed in the extracellular matrix of the eyelid skin, the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, gallbladder, meninges, and endothelium of the blood vessels. XFS is the most common cause of secondary open-angle glaucoma, which is called pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and is more severe than primary open-angle glaucoma. It is plausible that a combination of environmental factors and genetic alterations promotes the onset of pseudoexfoliation syndrome, which requires additional research.
Effect of Collaborative Learning Strategy on EFL Students' Skimming, Scanning and Questioning Abilities

This paper examines how collaborative learning strategy (CLS) impacts Saudi University EFL students’ reading comprehension, especially their skimming, scanning and questioning abilities in order to determine the effect of CLS in improving reading strategies. This 14-week study employed a quasi-experimental method to collect data through the pre-test, the post-test, and the semi-structured interview. The participants were 30 students divided into the control group and the experimental group of 15 students each. The quantitative data were analysed using t-test as inferential statistic, and the qualitative data were analysed using thematic transcription. Findings from the t-test analysis revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in terms of reading skills under collaborative learning approach. The study will play a significant role in determining the impact of CLS on 30 EFL learners from monolingual backgrounds when they worked collaboratively in a classroom as an experimental group and a controlled group of 15 participants each. The research findings will be helpful in foregrounding the problems of reading strategy of monolingual EFL learners, facilitating thereby the designing of a more effective reading pedagogy to hone EFL, TOEFL, ELETLS reading skills.