Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mediastinal lymph node evaluation, especially at station 4L, in left upper lobe lung cancer

Background Mediastinal lymph node (LN) dissection during lung resection is essential for accurate staging. Station 4L dissection is anatomically difficult. Therefore, care should be taken to avoid complications. We investigated the importance of mediastinal LN dissection in left upper lobe lung cancer and evaluated intraoperative videos to identify relevant steps during dissection. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 151 consecutive patients with left upper lobe lung cancer. Finally, 139 patients were enrolled to examine the survival effects of clinical factors of metastatic LN stations. The association between risk factors or surgical procedures and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was analyzed. Results LN dissection of the left upper lobe revealed station 4L LN metastasis in nine patients, three of whom were node-negative on mediastinoscopy. Station 4L LN status was confirmed intraoperatively in 12 of 33 patients. Twenty patients had recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, four of whom were complicated with aspiration pneumonia. Station 4L LN dissection was an independent risk factor for recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (P=0.03). The use of an energy device near the recurrent laryngeal nerve was a significant risk factor for recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Incidentally, pathological N stage ≥2 was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.005) herein. Conclusions In patients with left upper lobe lung cancer, pathological N2 disease is an important predictor of recurrence. Therefore, accurate mediastinal LN dissection, including at station 4L, should be performed. We propose to standardize the dissection procedure at each institution to avoid complications, such as recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.
Block diagram of Rijndael ’ s AES : ( a ) Key Schedule , ( b ) Encryption

Fault injection based attacks on cryptographic devices aim at recovering the secret keys by inducing an error in the computation process. They are now considered a real threat and countermeasures against them must be taken. In this paper, we describe an extension to an existing AES architecture proposed by Mangard et al. [13], which provides error detection and fault tolerance by exploiting the high regularity of the architecture. The proposed design is capable of performing online error detection and reconfiguring internal data paths to protect against faults occurring in the computation process. We also describe how different redundancy levels provide protection against different numbers of errors. The presented design incorporating fault detection and tolerance has the same throughput as the base architecture but incurs a non-negligible area overhead. This overhead is about 40% for the fault detection circuitry and 134% for the entire fault detection and tolerance (through reconfiguration). Although quite high, this overhead is still lower than for reference solutions such as duplication (providing detection) and triple modular redundancy (providing fault masking).
Relationship of Teacher-Student Interaction, Learning Commitment and Student Learning Comfort at Secondary Level

For efficient teaching and learning, students and teachers place great importance on a calm and comfortable classroom environment. The classroom's learning environment may increase teachers' and students' comfort and productivity. Furthermore, learning should be comfortable since pain might deter pupils from being motivated to study. Therefore, the demands of instructors, students, and learning activities to encourage learning commitment should be met in the classroom. The investigation was carried out in the Sheikhupura and Lahore districts of secondary schools. The survey comprised all public secondary school pupils in Lahore and Sheikhupura. The sample was chosen using a multistage sampling method. First, 20 public secondary schools in the Lahore and Sheikhupura districts were chosen using a stratified random sample approach. Then, using a cluster sampling technique, 400 respondents in class 10 were chosen from the same public secondary schools. Finally, 18 observations were made using the "Teacher-Student Interaction Scale" to evaluate the teacher-student interactions. To measure teacher-student interaction, learning commitment, and students' comfort with learning, data were gathered using the "Teacher-Student Interaction Inventory Scale," "Learning Commitment Inventory," and "Learning Comfort Inventory. " The instrument's dependability, as determined by the Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient, was 0.83. The Pearson correlation coefficient and independent-sample t-test were used to examine the data. The research revealed good trends in the amount of teacher-student engagement, student learning commitment, and comfort with learning. Additionally, there was a connection between student-teacher relationships, adequacy of learning commitment, and comfort with learning. Additional research revealed a substantial difference between the genders in the mean level of cordial interaction between students and teachers. Additionally, data indicated a statistically significant gender difference in the mean of students' emotional commitment.
Empirical Model of the Inner Magnetosphere H+ Pitch Angle Distributions

An empirical model is presented in order to describe the pitch angle distributions of H + particles in inner magnetosphere. The data analysis is based on three-year observations made by the AMPTE/CCE/CHEM instrument in the energy range 1-300 keV and in the L-shell range 3-9, using the average proton fluxes with AE < 100 nT. The model consists of a multi-parametric functional form, that depends on pitch angle, energy, L-shell and a few independent factors. The factors are determined for every magnetic local time. This is the first model, able to accurately reproduce the average proton pitch angle distributions in the whole inner magnetosphere, revealing interesting statistical features. Many of these features have been already evidenced by previous studies and can be explained by processes theoretically interpreted. Furthermore, the model outlines some new features never analyzed before.
Distribution and assemblage structure of black flies of the western Aures Mountains, Algeria (Diptera: Simuliidae)

Besides their important ecological role in flowing waters, blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) may pose medical and veterinary risks. For seventeen months, we surveyed the blackflies of ten localities across the Aures Mountains, in the Saharan Atlas, Algeria, and recorded eight taxa (i.e. species, species groups or species complexes). High altitude sites were dominated by the Simulium ornatum (Meigen, 1818) group, whereas sites located on the southern slope of the Aures Mountains were occupied by the eurytopic Simulium velutinum (Santos Abreu, 1922) complex and the thermophilic, pollutant-tolerant Simulium ruficorne Macquart, 1838 ‘A’ morphotype.Co-inertia analysis was used to determine the relationship between a species’ abundance and habitat types. The co-inertia analysis revealed a likely co-structure between blackfly assemblages and measured environmental descriptors (water temperature, conductivity, current velocity, bed width, etc.) in sampled habitats. This confirmed the importance of altitude as a driver of blackfly distribution. Our results also showed that there has been an increase in anthropogenic pressures on the vulnerable freshwater biota of the Aures Mountains.
Dielectric dispersion in BaTiO3 ceramics

Abstract The complex dielectric constant e of BaTiO3 was measured at frequencies f between 1 and 107 kHz between-200 and 400 eC. A dependence of e on f is seen from that temperature down where 1/e derivates from the Curie-Weiss law. Within the tetragonal and rhombic phase, the relaxation frequency f ia nearly constant but decreases at the transition points. The e(T) maximum is diffusive when the grain size is less than 5 μm but fr iS unchanged.
Feeding strategy of fish that colonize reservoirs in the Magdalena river basin

Construction of dams for hydropower in Andean rivers of Colombia is increasing loss of species of the region. Fish species that persist in these artificial ecosystems are those which find favorable the new conditions for their recruitment. Because feeding is one of the fish life strategies that influence their persistence in reservoirs, we analyzed the stomach contents of the species present in two cascade reservoirs in the Magdalena river basin. The objectives were to describe the diet, to determine their feeding strategies and to evaluate if the rainy season or spatial distribution affects the diet of the fish species. Our results indicate that the fish species Brycon henni and Astyanax microlepis that feed on a wide range of resources that the system offers and adopt a generalist strategy. Also, opportunistic species such as Roeboides dayi and Hoplosternum magdalenae occupied these environments. Climatic seasonality does not influence the feeding habits of the fish species inhabiting the study reservoirs. Knowledge of the feeding habits of fish species is a priority for strengthening the environmental management of aquatic resources of the Andes.
Innovation Studies Utrecht ( ISU ) Working Paper Series The effects of economic status and recent experience on innovative behavior under environmental variability : an experimental approach

We build and empirically test a model that predicts the display of innovative behavior as a function of environmental change, with recent experience and economic status acting as moderators. We start with the model developed by Slevin (1971), which evolved from the socalled innovation boundary. This is the threshold beyond which the display of innovative behavior becomes attractive. We show how environmental change creates uncertainty about the position of the innovation boundary; however, this uncertainty is reduced by recent experiences. Furthermore, economic status serves as both an enhancer and an inhibitor of innovation. Our model was tested and largely confirmed in two experiments: one conducted in a laboratory setting and one conducted as a discrete choice experiment. Currently experiments are rarely conducted in the field of innovation studies. By presenting this evidence we also hope that more authors will conduct experiments in their work.
Automatic Thoughts, Narcissism and Computer Game Addiction in Children

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between automatic thoughts, narcissism and computer game addiction in children. In this context, the relational survey model, which is one of the quantitative research approaches, was used. The measures were applied 306 4th grade students studying at different primary schools which are in a city in Central Anatolia Region in Turkey. “Computer Game Addiction Scale for Children”, “Children’s Automatic Thoughts Scale” and “Childhood Narcissism Scale” were utilized to collect data. The relationships between variables, which are automatic thoughts, narcissism and computer game addiction, were tested through correlation analysis on SPSS v18. The model and predictive relationships were analyzed via the structural equation model on AMOS v24. The results of the analysis showed that fit index values of the model reflecting the relationships between computer game addiction and automatic thoughts and narcissism, are within acceptable range and the model was accepted. It was found that there were positive and significant relationships between computer game addiction, automatic thoughts and narcissism. It was also found that computer game addiction positively predicted automatic thoughts and narcissism. The results of the research were discussed in the light of the literature and suggestions were made.
Beyond First-Order Uncertainty Estimation with Evidential Models for Open-World Recognition

In this paper, we tackle the challenge of jointly quantifying in-distribution and out-of-distribution (OOD) uncertainties. We introduce KLoS , a KL-divergence measure deﬁned on the class-probability simplex. By leveraging the second-order uncertainty representation provided by evidential models, KLoS captures more than existing ﬁrst-order uncertainty measures such as predictive entropy. We design an auxiliary neural network, KLoSNet , to learn a reﬁned measure directly aligned with the evidential training objective. Experiments show that KLoSNet acts as a class-wise density estimator and outperforms current uncertainty measures in the realistic context where no OOD data is available during training. We also report comparisons in the presence of OOD training samples, which shed a new light on the impact of the vicinity of this data with OOD test data.
Deutsche Bundesbank Spending effects of child-related fiscal transfers

As part of Germany’s ﬁscal response to the Covid-19 pandemic, parents received three payments totalling e 450 per child. Randomization in the payment dates and daily scanner data allow us to identify the eﬀects of these transfers on household spending. We ﬁnd a signiﬁcant but small spending eﬀect of the ﬁrst transfer, with an estimated marginal propensity to consume of about 12%. The eﬀect is higher for low-income and liquidity-constrained households, and in areas with lower infection rates. The second and third payment failed to increase spending. Our results indicate that the child bonus was redistributive rather than stimulative.
Pathways to Mental Health Care Services among Patients in Hospitals of Morang District, Nepal

Introduction: The burden of mental disorders is continuously growing globally. Limited or scarce resources, stigma, and discrimination can result in a lack of access to health and social service. Timely access to mental health care services and support systems are key in preventing and treating mental health disorders. Hence, this study aims to identify the mental health care seeking pathways in hospitals of Morang district. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 among patients attending psychiatric outpatient departments of two different hospitals of Morang district. One hundred patients were selected through consecutive sampling. A standard tool of the pathway to care from the catalog of WHO Psychiatric Assessment was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18. Chi-square test was used to find out the association between pathways and selected demographic variables at p<0.05 level of significance. Results: Among 100 participants, only 17% visited mental health care services directly. Remaining reached via non-psychiatric doctors (40%) and faith healers (37%). There was no significant association between the pathways to care, with age (p = 0.932), sex (p = 0.825), marital status (p = 0.348), education (p = 1.000), religion (p = 0.392), type of family (p = 0.381), monthly income (p = 0.590) and family history of mental illness (p = 0.730). Conclusion: Few patients visited mental health care services through direct pathways. There is a need to improve mental health awareness and advocate health workers as well as faith healers for better referral of patients with mental health problems.
Expanding the virtual universe of university students. Educational use of augmented reality and contributions of Rafodiun Project

Augmented reality is an emerging technology that is increasingly being integrated into the educational system. In addition, numerous investigations highlight its benefits for learning such as: mixed reality recreation, real-time integration, incorporation of information from different sources (video, 3D, audio, web pages, etc.). In this sense, this work presents the results of the Rafodiun Project (Augmented Reality to Increase Training. Design, Production and Evaluation of Augmented Reality Programs for University Training), financed by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of the Government of Spain in 2017. In it, it is intended to analyze the educational possibilities that augmented reality can have for university training contexts. This analysis is carried out from different perspectives, both technological-instrumental, educational, design of training environments, and of students as augmented reality content producers. The results demonstrate the possibilities and potential that augmented reality offers for the learning of students and university professors (men and women) in different areas. In the same way, predictive models of the acceptance of this technology in the classroom (technology acceptance model [TAM]) are consolidated. Based on the previous lines, the applicability of augmented reality in the university classroom is discussed, as well as the necessary training of teachers in creating, editing and modifying objects and materials in augmented reality.
STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT DURING PROJECT INITIATION: A SUSTAINABILITY FACTOR OF SMALLHOLDER DONOR-FUNDED IRRIGATION PROJECTS IN ZVIMBA DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the involvement of stakeholders during initiation of donor-funded smallholder irrigation projects in Zvimba district, Zimbabwe, was a critical sustainability factor. Donor-funded smallholder irrigation projects investments enhance water security for agricultural production and improve peasant farmers’ livelihoods in the face of climate change induced risks. While these donor-funded smallholder irrigation investments have historically empowered local communities, ensured food security and contributed to economic growth, we have an incomplete understanding of why they collapse after the withdrawal of the donors. This paper addresses this gap by adopting the pragmatism philosophy which prompted the use of whatever works to explore how involvement of stakeholders during initiation of irrigation investments influences its sustainability. To do so, stratified and purposive sampling techniques were used to select a population of 360 people who included donor-funded irrigation project beneficiaries, community, local leaders and Agritex officers for a Zvimba district case study. The results advance that collapses of investments are consequences of non-involvement of beneficiaries in initiation of donor-funded smallholder irrigation projects. The findings highlight that in the context of irrigation projects in Zvimba district, donors, government officials and political actors were the only participants during needs assessment, stakeholder identification and project designing phases. Project beneficiaries from the communities and suppliers of irrigation equipments and inputs only came on board during the project construction phases. While findings remain contextual to the Zvimba district study area, the study concludes that non-involvement of beneficiaries, inputs suppliers, buyers, interest groups in the initiation process of the donor-funded irrigation project was a critical sustainability factor. In that context, the study recommended the adoption of a participatory donor-funded smallholder irrigation project initiation model, which calls for the involvement of all stakeholders for the entire irrigation project development life cycle.
The Effect of 12weeks Pilates Mat Exercise on Body Composition and Lipid Metabolism in Obese Middle-aged Women

This study aims to provide basic data for maintaining and promoting health of obese middle-aged women who are interested in various chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and coronary artery disease by comparing and analyzing the effect on body composition and lipid metabolism through a 12-week Pilates mat exercise program for obese middle-aged women. This study targeted middle-aged women residing in Gyeonggi-do A, who are obese middle-aged women in their 40s and 50s with a body fat ratio of 30% or more, and had no regular exercise in the past three months. Obese middle-aged women(n=19) were divided into two groups, the Pilates mat exercise program group(n=9) and the control group(n=10), conducting exercise for 60 minutes three times a week for 12 weeks. As a result of analysis, the exercise group had a positive effect on body weight, skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, body fat percentage, and BMI in body composition, but not in the control group. In the lipid metabolism, the exercise group had a positive effect on TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and FFA, but not in the control group. These results suggest that the 12-week Pilates mat exercise program conducted in this study is an exercise program that can prevent cardiovascular and chronic diseases in obese middle-aged women.
AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK and FISHERIES EFFECTS OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE AND PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES MIXTURE ON THE HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF MALE ALBINO RATS

Pesticides have been used to treat agricultural lands since ancient times. The effects of an organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid combination on the haemato-biochemical and histological functions of male albino rats were investigated. Male albino rats (total 18 rats, 12 are treated and 6 are control) were dermally treated with two organophosphate and pyrethroid combinations for 8 weeks (chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and lambda-cyhalothrin). We also looked at organ weights, haematological and histological changes, and clinical symptoms. Except for RBCs, total protein, and haemoglobin, all haematological measures rose in treated rats after 8 weeks. After 4 weeks, Runsave and Lambaphos treatments had RBC counts of 5.02 and 5.15 106/mm3, respectively, compared to 6.1 106/mm3 in the control group. Haemoglobin values for Runsave, Lambaphos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and lambda-cyhalothrin were 13.53, 14.27, 14.60, 15.03, and 15.27 g/100 ml after toxicant administration, compared to 16.53 in the control. Haematological parameters change correlated positively with exposure time. A histological examination on liver and kidney found that Runsave-treated rats had an uneven structure, severely congested blood arteries, necrotic areas, fatty liver, pyknotic nuclei, and cytoplasmic vacuolation in hepatic cells. Lambaphos-treated liver shows haemolysis, cytoplasmic vacuolation, pyknotic nuclei, and partial structural disruption. Bowman's capsule, glomeruli, and proximal tubule are normal in the control kidney. Runsave had abnormal renal anatomy. Lambaphos kidneys are asymmetrical. This study demonstrated that albino rats subjected to an insecticide mixture of organophosphate and pyrethroid had significant histological and haemato-biochemical changes compared to the control group.
New and Revised Llandovery (Early Silurian) Rugose Corals from Central Western New South Wales

Revision of some of the early Silurian rugose coral faunas from central western New South Wales and study of additional new collections warrants the introduction of a number of new taxa and some previous generic assignments need to be updated. The new cystiphyllinid genus Gephyrelasma McLean is proposed, comprising type species Dentilasma ramosum McLean and G. stevensi McLean sp. nov. The new kodonophyllid genus Vitiliphyllum McLean, with type species V. jenkinsi McLean sp. nov., and the new arachnophyllid genus Latomiphyllum McLean, with type species Arachnophyllum? epistomoides Etheridge, are introduced. Additional new species include the tryplasmatids Aphyllum ulahense McLean and A. picketti McLean, as well as the ptychophyllinid Ptychophyllum sutorense McLean. Grewingkia neumani McLean is now regarded as a probable representative of the kodonophyllid Cyatholasma Ivanovskiy, while Dentilasma honorabile Ivanovskiy sensu McLean is now only tentatively assigned to that species. Since the original studies of the coral faunas, there has been considerable revision of the lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the relevant sequences. The most current interpretations are reviewed and summarized here.