Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analytical Guarantees for Hyperparameter Free RFF Based Deep Learning in the Low-Data Regime

Deep-learning (DL) has emerged as promising for diverse signal-processing tasks concerning the next-generation of communication-systems, Internet of Things (IoT), and in circuit-design. However, existing DL based signal-processing methods are well-known to require large datasets to achieve good generalization. Moreover, the existing DL-based solutions are known for their sensitivity to the hyperparameter-choices and the DL-architecture. In this regard, existing DL-paradigms, such as meta-learning are useful to find optimal hyperparameter-values and architectures. In this work, generalized analytical results are provided for random Fourier feature-based DL (RFF-DL) that guarantee a degree of hyperparameter-independence and significantly improved generalization under data-limited applications. The benefits of RFF-DL promised by the presented analytical contributions are validated by a case study that improves low-pilot training for the next-generation IoT using the hyperparameter-free RFF based DL.
Advanced Data Mining for Odour Emissions Monitoring: Experimental Peak-to-mean Calculations and Spectral Analysis of Data Derived from Ioms in Two Waste Treatment Plants

A landfill for non-hazardous waste and a composting plant were equipped with an integrated odour management system made up of instrumental Odour monitoring systems and automated air samplers. Collected data by the instrumental system cover a time span of 8 months and 9 months for the two plants, respectively, and have been used for investigating spatial distribution and statistical properties of peak-to-mean ratios; moreover, a new method of data analysis, not yet employed in the field of odour dispersion modelling, has been proposed. A peak-to-mean value is defined as the ratio between an hourly mediation time and the average duration of a single human breath (few seconds). Data derived from 0.033 Hz sampling frequency by IOMS were used to calculate peak-to-mean for the monitoring period for both plants; the size of samples analysed allowed the implementation of a statistical calculation methodology for peak-to-mean estimation, based on the construction of empirical probability density functions (PDF). Moreover, data collected from instruments installed in different areas of the plants, were used to evaluate how PDF of peak-to-mean values varies with the distance from the odour emission sources. The same data were also used to develop a new method of analysis based on time series processing through the use of the Fourier Transform. Spectral analysis, sometimes used for meteorological variables, more recently has been applied in the study of air pollution data, although this type of analysis makes a decisive contribution to the understanding of cyclical behaviour in the observed data and provides information on temporal and spatial scales of such mechanisms. The aim is therefore to define a viable methodology to time series of odour concentration data collected at the fence of a plant, to be used to gather information on periodic odour variations. Interesting results, which related some periodic behaviours in odour emissions to working periods and composting phases, were observed, demonstrating the usefulness of such methodology to assess whether odour fluctuations are caused by atmospheric conditions variability or plant management operations.
Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Volcano‐Glacial Environments—Mount Meager, British Columbia

We demonstrate the logistic feasibility and scientific potential of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) in alpine volcano‐glacial environments that are subject to a broad range of natural hazards. Our work considers the Mount Meager massif, an active volcanic complex in British Columbia, estimated to have the largest geothermal potential in Canada, and home of Canada's largest recorded landslide in 2010. From September to October 2019, we acquired continuous strain data, using a 3‐km long fiber‐optic cable, deployed on a ridge of Mount Meager and on the uppermost part of a glacier above 2,000 m altitude. The data analysis detected a broad range of unexpectedly intense, low‐magnitude, local seismicity. The most prominent events include long‐lasting, intermediate‐frequency (0.01–1 Hz) tremor, and high‐frequency (5–45 Hz) earthquakes that form distinct spatial clusters and often repeat with nearly identical waveforms. We conservatively estimate that the number of detectable high‐frequency events varied between several tens and nearly 400 per day. We also develop a beamforming algorithm that uses the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of individual channels, and implicitly takes the direction‐dependent sensitivity of DAS into account. Both the tremor and the high‐frequency earthquakes are most likely related to fluid movement within Mount Meager's geothermal reservoir. Our work illustrates that DAS carries the potential to reveal previously undiscovered seismicity in challenging environments, where comparably dense arrays of conventional seismometers are difficult to install. We hope that the logistics and deployment details provided here may serve as a starting point for future DAS experiments.
Fine and ultrafine particle levels determined during everyday activities : the PM-CARE project

Results 24h-average particle number and mass (PM10) concentration means were 19.500 #/cm and 41.4 μg/m in summer (overall monitoring duration 1913h) and 26.600 #/cm and 62.0 μg/m in winter (1894h), with a mean seasonal contribution of PM0.5 to PM10 of 54% and 68%, respectively. Data plots logged by particle counters were apportioned and separately examined according to the most common activities arising from the timetable. Resulting particle number concentrations are presented in the following figures as the mean percent deviation from individual 24h-averaged levels.
Effects of Pregnant Women's Pregnancy Stress and Self-Esteem on Their Depression

This purpose of this study was to survey pregnancy stress, self-esteem and depression in pregnant women and to identify factors influencing depression. Data were collected 154 pregnant women. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test, Scheffe’s test, Stepwise Regression Analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient. There was statistically significant difference in pregnancy stress on variable such as planned pregnancy. There were statistically significant difference in self-esteem on variables such as religion, occupation, gestational age. There was statistically significant difference in depression on variables such as planned pregnancy. Pregnancy stress was positively correlated with depression. depression was negatively correlated with self-esteem. Self-esteem was negatively correlated with pregnancy stress. Factor influencing depression were self-esteem, planned pregnancy, pregnancy stress, which explained 30.2%. Findings provide useful information for further studies in antenatal care of pregnant women. Therefore, to promote emotional support of pregnant women, it is necessary to standardized antenatal education program.
Factors Affecting Residents' Support for Tourism Development: Case of the Aurès Cultural Landscape

The paper aims to understand residents' perceptions and opinions of tourism impacts and to determine whether there is a relationship between tourism impacts and support/participation in tourism in a developing region: The Aurès. A total of 360 questionnaires were collected from the inhabitants of 4 villages, selected according to their tourist frequentation. 50 items concerning demographic characteristics, tourism impacts and tourist support/involvement were used. The results indicate that the inhabitants generally have positive perceptions and opinions towards tourism development. Motivated by the economic factor and concerned about privacy issues, residents of villages with tourist traffic are more supportive of tourism development than others. From the perspective of the tourism development that the city government has initiated, these results provide useful information for the planning and management of future tourism projects.
Proof of Concept and Moderators of Transference Processes in an Online Setting

Previous research examining transference – which posits people draw on past experiences with close others to inform novel interactions – has found that people attribute qualities to and express preferences for novel targets based on their similarity to significant others. However, classic tasks for testing transference required multiple sessions over many weeks, limiting the test of this process to relatively small, college student samples. The purpose of the current study (N = 532, Mage = 34.81, SD = 9.83, 61.47% Men, 63.35% White) was to create an online version of a transference task administered in one session and replicate the effect of transference with a larger sample of participants across the lifespan, and test whether targets resembling parents and ex-partners were preferable to control targets. The effects of transference and preference were replicated in the online version of the transference task. We also found preliminary evidence that the effects of transference and preference were slightly stronger in older individuals and secure individuals, albeit the effects were small. Results are discussed in the context of how individuals use previous and existing relationships to guide their behavior in new relationships.
The Influence of Selected Learning Resources on the Implementation of Curriculum for Learners with Hearing Impairment in Public Primary Schools in Ilemela District, Tanzania

Teaching and learning resources contribute to effective learning in schools. Learning is the gradual process which is facilitated by the available teaching and learning resources especially to learners with hearing impairment. This research investigated the influence of selected learning resources on the implementation of curriculum for learners with hearing impairment in public primary schools in Ilemela District, Tanzania. There were three specific objectives: to determine the contribution of learning materials on the implementation of learners with hearing impairment curriculum, to find out the effect of teachers’ qualifications on the implementation of learners with hearing impairment curriculum, and to examine the influence of physical infrastructure on the implementation of learners with hearing impairment curriculum in Public primary schools in Ilemela District. The researcher used Equity Theory and Classical Liberal Theory of Equal Opportunity. Questionnaire and interview methods were used in data collection. Research findings showed that, learning materials, teachers’ qualifications and physical infrastructure affect the implementation of curriculum for learners with hearing impairment in Public primary schools. From the findings the study concludes that, unqualified primary school teachers and shortage of teaching and learning resources affect the implementation of learners with hearing impairment curriculum in primary school level in Ilemela. The researcher recommended that, there is need for the government and other educational stakeholders to provide enough learning materials to learners with hearing impairment in primary schools. Also, the government should recruit qualified teachers and introduce inservice training program for teachers to gain more skills and knowledge in teaching learners with hearing impairment.
COVID-19 prevalence and infection control measures at homeless shelters and hostels in high-income countries: protocol for a scoping review

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted people experiencing homelessness. Homeless shelters and hostels, as congregate living spaces for residents with many health vulnerabilities, are highly susceptible to outbreaks of COVID-19. A synthesis of the research-to-date can inform evidence-based practices for infection, prevention, and control strategies at these sites to reduce the prevalence of COVID-19 among both shelter/hostel residents and staff. Methods: A scoping review in accordance with Arksey and O’Malley’s framework will be conducted to identify literature reporting COVID-19 positivity rates among homeless shelter and hostel residents and staff, as well as infection control strategies to prevent outbreaks in these facilities. The focus will be on literature produced in high-income countries. Nine academic literature databases and 11 grey literature databases will be searched for literature from March 2020 to July 2021. Literature screening will be completed by two reviewers and facilitated by Covidence, a systematic review management platform. A third reviewer will be engaged to resolve disagreements and facilitate consensus. A narrative summary of the major themes identified in the literature, numerical counts of relevant data including the COVID-19 positivity rates, and recommendations for different infection control approaches will be produced. Discussion: The synthesis of the research generated on COVID-19 prevalence and prevention in homeless shelters and hostels will assist in establishing best practices to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and other airborne diseases at these facilities in high-income countries while identifying next steps to expand the existing evidence base.
DMS emissions from the Arctic marginal ice zone

Phytoplankton blooms in the Arctic marginal ice zone (MIZ) can be prolific dimethylsulfide (DMS) producers, thereby influencing regional aerosol formation and cloud radiative forcing. Here we describe the distribution of DMS and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) across the Baffin Bay receding ice edge in early summer 2016. Overall, DMS and total DMSP (DMSPt) increased towards warmer waters of Atlantic origin concurrently with more advanced ice-melt and bloom stages. Relatively high DMS and DMSPt (medians of 6.3 and 70 nM, respectively) were observed in the surface layer (0–9 m depth), and very high values (reaching 74 and 524 nM, respectively) at the subsurface biomass maximum (15–30 m depth). Microscopic and pigment analyses indicated that subsurface DMS and DMSPt peaks were associated with Phaeocystis pouchetii, which bloomed in Atlantic-influenced waters and reached unprecedented biomass levels in Baffin Bay. In surface waters, DMS concentrations and DMS:DMSPt ratios were higher in the MIZ (medians of 12 nM and 0.15, respectively) than in fully ice-covered or ice-free conditions, potentially associated with enhanced phytoplanktonic DMSP release and bacterial DMSP cleavage (high dddP:dmdA gene ratios). Mean sea–air DMS fluxes (µmol m–2 d–1) increased from 0.3 in ice-covered waters to 10 in open waters (maximum of 26) owing to concurrent trends in near-surface DMS concentrations and physical drivers of gas exchange. Using remotely sensed sea-ice coverage and a compilation of sea–air DMS flux data, we estimated that the pan-Arctic DMS emission from the MIZ (EDMS, MIZ) was 5–13 Gg S yr–1. North of 80°N, EDMS, MIZ might have increased by around 10 ± 4% yr–1 between 2003 and 2014, likely exceeding open-water emissions in June and July. We conclude that EDMS, MIZ must be taken into account to evaluate plankton-climate feedbacks in the Arctic.
Hearing, seeing, liking: The effects of audio-visual listening conditions on perceptual ratings

This study investigates whether listening to an excerpt of music in audio-only or audio-video contexts affects perceptual ratings, and what the relationship of the context presentation is to perceptual ratings. Participants listened to music in audio-only and audio-video contexts and completed a survey with self-reported ratings for familiarity, emotional and mental engagement, and likability. Results suggest there was no effect of audio-only or audio-visual presentation on perceptual ratings. This conclusion is similar to work done by Huang and Krumhansl (2011). Both emotional engagement and mental engagement had strong correlations with likability ratings. Emotional ratings had a slightly larger effect than mental ratings in the audio-only condition, but results are mixed in the video condition. This suggests a need for closer examination of the emotional and mental rating categories and their relationship to likability.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Ilorin, North Central Nigeria

Growth in human population and anthropogenic activities has increased the rate of groundwater pollution in the world. This study assessed the quality of water samples collected from open wells from eight different locations in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria between December 2014 and June 2015. The physicochemical parameters of water samples were analyzed using standard methods. Total bacterial count and total coliform count were determined by standard plate method and membrane filtration technique respectively. Identification of isolated bacteria was done using Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and confirmed by sequencing the DNA of the isolates. The physicochemical values of the water samples ranged as follows: temperature (28.20±0.440C to 27.50±0.370C), pH (7.22±0.06 and 6.80±0.04), conductivity (577.80±41.28 µS/cm), turbidity (6.31±0.21 to 2.69±0.40NTU), total suspended solids (6.20±2.60 to 47.50±1.70mg/l), total dissolved solids (295.40±37.12 to 208.40±31.19 mg/l), dissolved oxygen (9.81±0.37 to 7.04±0.40mg/l), biochemical oxygen demand (6.25±1.31 to 4.38±0.28mg/l), total hardness (294.20±3.81 to 278.10±7.14mg/l), nitrate concentration (23.80±1.61 to 17.47±3.58mg/l) and sulfate concentration (30.58±2.43 to 25.35±1.16mg/l). The water sources were found to have a total bacterial count and total coliform counts above the recommended national and international guidelines. The contamination of the water sources by E. coli and other pathogenic bacteria implies that they are not fit for human consumption.
CO2 hydrogenation into CH4 over Ni–Fe catalysts

Here, we report, for the first time, on the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to methane at atmospheric pressure. For the preparation of hydrogenation catalysts based on Ni and Fe metals, a convenient method is developed. According to this method, low-temperature reduction of the co-precipitated Ni and Fe oxides with hydrogen gives the effective and selective bimetallic Ni[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text], Ni[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text] and Ni[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text] catalysts. At the temperature range of 300–400[Formula: see text]C, they exhibit a high efficiency of CH4 production with respect to monometallic Ni and Fe catalysts. The results imply a synergistic effect between Ni and Fe which caused the superior activity of the Ni[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text] catalyst conversing [Formula: see text]% of CO2 into CH4 at 350[Formula: see text]C. To adapt the Ni–Fe catalysts in the industry, the effect of two different carriers on the efficiency of the alumina-supported Ni[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text] catalyst was investigated. It is found that the Ni[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 catalyst effectively conversed CO2 giving 100% methane yield already at 275[Formula: see text]C.
Impact of manure storage conditions and time on decomposition of and losses from liquid dairy manure stored in a temperate climate

Abstract: Large volumes of generated animal manures necessitate knowledge of how its production and storage affects composition, losses, and utilization potential. Stratification of liquid dairy manure was the main source of observed variability within outdoor uncovered manure storage, during a yearlong monitoring of 24 physicochemical manure parameters. Coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 4% to 24% for plant nutrients and 33% to 89% for biogas feedstock parameters. Nitrogen (N) volatilization losses during storage between manure additions were ? 10% mo-1 of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN). Acetic acid was up to 100% of total volatile fatty acid concentration. Bioavailability and solubility of manure parameters, reflected in ratios of volatile solids to total solids (VS:TS), total ammoniacal nitrogen to total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TAN:TKN), and dissolved phosphorus to total phosphorus (O-PO4:TP) ratios, was high. There was substantial pathogen survival during the study, with an increased count with added manure. Manure temperature changes and precipitation levels likely played a major role in mineralization and volatilization rates of nutrients and reduction of solids, especially in surface levels of manure in storage. Study results underline the importance of sampling method, timing, and location within stored manure to obtain representative samples unless thorough mixing is previously applied.
Helium ion microscopy

Helium Ion Microcopy (HIM) based on Gas Field Ion Sources (GFIS) represents a new ultra high resolution microscopy and nano-fabrication technique. It is an enabling technology that not only provides imagery of conducting as well as uncoated insulating nano-structures but also allows to create these features. The latter can be achieved using resists or material removal due to sputtering. The close to free-form sculpting of structures over several length scales has been made possible by the extension of the method to other gases such as Neon. A brief introduction of the underlying physics as well as a broad review of the applicability of the method is presented in this review.
Deposition of potentially toxic metals in the soil from surrounding cement plants in a karst area of Southeastern Brazil

Cement factories are the main sources of environmental pollutants among the different industrial activities, including soil contamination by potentially toxic metals and the Karst region of Southeastern Brazil is known for the implementation of large cement producing facilities. This study aims to evaluate whether there is an increase in the concentration of PTM in the soil surrounding the cement plants and to estimate their harmfulness to both local human population and environment. In total, 18 soil samples were collected from the surroundings of three cement plants as well as four soil samples from areas outside the influence of cement plants and concentration of the following potentially toxic metals (PTM) were estimated: Cd, Pb, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Zn. The results revealed that all PTM concentrations from cement plant surroundings were significantly higher than PTM concentrations from control areas and no PTM concentrations from CPS or CA soil samples exceeded national and global contamination thresholds. However, Igeo Index indicated low level soil contamination by Pb, Cu and Cr and high levels for Co. We could not verify significant Non-carcinogenic risk to health for any soil sample, but carcinogenic risk analysis revealed different levels of carcinogenic risk among the sampled locations, for both adults and children. Our results indicate that exclusively evaluating the concentration of potentially toxic metals is not enough to verify the potential harmful effects of cement production for the surrounding population. Here we evidence that additional indices, based on both contamination indices and health risk assessments, should be considered for better evaluation of the impacts of cement production activity.