Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intubation with Vivasight Double-Lumen Tube Versus Conventional Double-Lumen Tube in Adult Patients Undergoing Lung Resection: A Retrospective Analysis

Objectives: The present study was designed to compare outcomes in patients undergoing thoracic surgery using the VivaSight double-lumen tube (VDLT) or the conventional double-lumen tube (cDLT). Design: A retrospective analysis of 100 patients scheduled for lung resection recruited over 21 consecutive months (January 2018–September 2019). Setting: Single-center university teaching hospital investigation. Participants: A randomized sample of 100 patients who underwent lung resection during this period were selected for the purpose to compare 50 patients in the VDLT group and 50 in the cDLT group. Interventions: After institutional review board approval, patients were chosen according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and we created a general database. The 100 patients have been chosen through a random process with the Microsoft Excel program (Microsoft 2018, Version 16.16.16). Measurements and Main Results: The primary endpoint of the study was to analyze the need to use fiberoptic bronchoscopy to confirm the correct positioning of VDLT or the cDLT used for lung isolation. Secondary endpoints were respiratory parameters, admission to the intensive care unit, length of hospitalization, postoperative complications, readmission, and 30-day mortality rate. The use of fiberoptic bronchoscopy was lower in the VDLT group, and the size of the tube was smaller. The intraoperative respiratory and hemodynamics parameters were optimal. There were no other preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative differences between both groups. Conclusions: The VDLT reduces the need for fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and it seems that a smaller size is needed. Finally, VDLT is cost-effective using disposable fiberscopes.
Combining stereo‐video monitoring and physiological trials to estimate reef fish metabolic demands in the wild

Abstract Organismal metabolic rates (MRs) are the basis of energy and nutrient fluxes through ecosystems. In the marine realm, fishes are some of the most prominent consumers. However, their metabolic demand in the wild (field MR [FMR]) is poorly documented, because it is challenging to measure directly. Here, we introduce a novel approach to estimating the component of FMR associated with voluntary activity (i.e., the field active MR [AMRfield]). Our approach combines laboratory‐based respirometry, swimming speeds, and field‐based stereo‐video systems to estimate the activity of individuals. We exemplify our approach by focusing on six coral reef fish species, for which we quantified standard MR and maximum MR (SMR and MMR, respectively) in the laboratory, and body sizes and swimming speeds in the field. Based on the relationships between MR, body size, and swimming speeds, we estimate that the activity scope (i.e., the ratio between AMRfield and SMR) varies from 1.2 to 3.2 across species and body sizes. Furthermore, we illustrate that the scaling exponent for AMRfield varies across species and can substantially exceed the widely assumed value of 0.75 for SMR. Finally, by scaling organismal AMRfield estimates to the assemblage level, we show the potential effect of this variability on community metabolic demand. Our approach may improve our ability to estimate elemental fluxes mediated by a critically important group of aquatic animals through a non‐destructive, widely applicable technique.
GCase Enhancers: A Potential Therapeutic Option for Gaucher Disease and Other Neurological Disorders

Pharmaceutical chaperones (PCs) are small compounds able to bind and stabilize misfolded proteins, allowing them to recover their native folding and thus their biological activity. In particular, lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), a class of metabolic disorders due to genetic mutations that result in misfolded lysosomal enzymes, can strongly benefit from the use of PCs able to facilitate their translocation to the lysosomes. This results in a recovery of their catalytic activity. No PC for the GCase enzyme (lysosomal acid-β-glucosidase, or glucocerebrosidase) has reached the market yet, despite the importance of this enzyme not only for Gaucher disease, the most common LSD, but also for neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease. This review aims to describe the efforts made by the scientific community in the last 7 years (since 2015) in order to identify new PCs for the GCase enzyme, which have been mainly identified among glycomimetic-based compounds.
The Board Structure and Performance in IPO Firms: Evidence from Stakeholder-Oriented Corporate Governance

This study investigates the internal mechanisms as an important factor for shareholders and stakeholders in initial public offering (IPO) firms with stakeholder-oriented corporate governance. Over the period of 2009–2016, we examine the role of independent directors in Japanese stakeholder-oriented corporate governance. According to previous research, the monitoring role of independent directors is strengthened in countries with a market-based financial system. Our empirical analyses show that independent directors do not effectively mitigate conflicts among shareholders such as IPO underpricing in a stakeholder-oriented corporate governance framework. Alternatively, accounting expertise may contribute to mitigating IPO underpricing in accordance with U.S. corporations. The participation of bank-affiliated directors in IPO firms further contributes to the mitigation of underpricing. Accordingly, these findings imply that bank ties through Horizontal Keiretsu’s bank-appointed directors are critical for mitigating conflicts among shareholders in IPO firms. These results imply that stakeholder-oriented corporate governance systems contribute to reducing conflicts among stakeholders.
Temperature-sensitive mussel-inspired citrate-based tissue adhesives with low-swelling

ABSTRACT Mussel-inspired tissue adhesives have been widely studied in recent years because of their excellent underwater adhesion. Our recent study has synthesized a series of tissue adhesives with citric acid, dopamine, 1,8-octanediol and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and found that amphiphilic adhesives showed an efficient underwater adhesion mechanism. Poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer (PEO-PPO-PEO) is a thermosensitive amphiphilic material, widely used in medical field. Herein, we replaced PEO with PEO-PPO-PEO to introduce temperature-sensitivity into adhesives, and utilized the hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic transition of PEO-PPO-PEO to reduce the swelling at human temperature. Fortunately, we got positive results that all the synthetized adhesives showed obvious temperature-sensitivity. The transition from low temperature to room temperature of the high concentrated uncured adhesive dispersion made it potentially injectable. After crosslinking, the swelling ratio of cured adhesives showed a significant decrease from 4°C to 37°C. And all the swelling ratios under 37°C were low, ranging from 8.4% to 22.5%. Additionally, the lap-shear adhesion strength on wet porcine skin was in the range of 29.2–67.1 kPa, which was higher than that of commercial fibrin glue (9–15 kPa). By selecting different (PEO)y(PPO)x(PEO)y, we could obtain adhesives with wide mechanical properties and broaden the scope of use of the adhesives.
The Roles and Competencies of Human Resource Professionals within Human Resource Transformation in Sidoarjo and Pasuruan Manufacturing Industries

Objective – This survey research identifies and describes the current execution of roles and competencies of human resource professionals in Sidoarjo and Pasuruan manufacturing industries. It also examines the significant influence of those competencies on roles of human resource professionals within human resource transformation. Methodology/Technique – Referring to complexity of the research framework and amount of samples, mean score and partial least square are used to analyse data. Findings – The result shows that respondents possessed Operational Executor compentency focusing in labor legislation and performed Employee Champion role focusing on participating to build employee’s moral. HR Competencies on HR Professional Competencies have the most significant influence on HR Roles on Operational Focus. In conclusion, the respondents’ position is still on traditional human resource function and work more on day-to-day activities (operational). Novelty – It reveals that human resource transformation is not done in their companies yet. Implication to repondents is that they need human resource consultant to help them implement human resource transformation because they are still lack of competencies and roles.
Thrips Microbiome Study in Commercial Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) from Northwest Colombian Andes (Antioquia, Colombia) Shows the Presence of Wolbachia, Ehrlichia, Enterobacter

Microbiota associated with insects play several important roles in their host, including protection against pathogens, provision of nutrition, and survival in hostile environments. The aim of this work was to identify the bacterial community found in avocado thrips from Northwestern Colombia (Antioquia department) in order to find isolates for potential biocontrol purposes. Culture-dependent methods based on 16S rRNA and gyrase B gene sequencing in 42 bacterial isolates allowed the identification of the genera Bacillus, Serratia, Moraxella, Pantoea, and Sphingomonas. Microbial diversity detected with the temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) technique on three morphotypes of thrips, named brown (Scirtothrips hansoni), black (Frankliniella panamensis), and pale (Frankliniella sp.), showed a low bacterial community density (Shannon–Wiener index = 1480, p > 0.05) with significant differences among morphotypes (R = 0.7877, p = 0.0004). Results obtained with Illumina sequencing on the V1–V2 hypervariable region of the subunit 16S rRNA showed a predominant sequence in the brown morphotype (Scirtothrips hansoni) that belongs to the genus Wolbachia. The 16S amplicon analyses were extended to more samples and higher resolution using the V4–V5 hypervariable region. The results showed six additional bacteria phyla, confirming the previous observation for the dominant bacterial groups made in S. hansoni and the detection of the alternation of highly predominant genera among these thrips. Our results demonstrate that endosymbiont such as Wolbachia sp. are part of the microbiota of these pests, thereby indicating the possibility of employing this type of bacterium to improve the management of avocado thrips globally.
Recontextualising history in primary school: discourses in the classroom

Employing Bernstein’s (1990, 2000) concepts of recontextualisation and pedagogic discourse, this case study aims to identify types of discourse and forms of knowledge in primary history lessons, and to explain the observations through teachers’ thinking. Two Finnish primary teachers were observed for nine or ten consecutive history lessons and interviewed twice following the observation period. The analysis is based on field notes, classroom materials and interview data. The discourses in the classrooms are discussed through the instructional aim of historical literacy. The results show that although the two teachers had different discursive profiles, substantive knowledge took precedence over procedural knowledge and second-order concepts. Students’ experiences and historical culture, when present, were not deconstructed through concepts and strategies specific to history. Thus, the discursive space in both classrooms was incompatible with that required for promoting historical literacy. In the interviews, both teachers expressed their unwillingness to skip topics in the textbook, which may have contributed to the predominant role of substantive knowledge. One teacher’s planning and implementation process indicated that active and intentional recontextualisation had taken place. These results suggest that teacher education should equip primary teachers with more procedural knowledge and the means to deconstruct historical culture and students’ everyday experiences.
Surveilling public health through statistical process monitoring: A literature review and a unified framework

Abstract A challenge, in the era of economic crisis and uncertainty, is to provide health care services in an efficient and effective manner. The protection of public health, the provision of quality healthcare services to patients, the location of health centers, the geographical distribution of patients, and the provision of specialist services are some of the topics that the government and/or a health organization responsible for health care services provision has to arrange. Other topics are the assessment of quality, safety, and effectiveness of healthcare services provided by healthcare providers. Moreover, a central pylon in designing healthcare policy is expenditure monitoring and control. However, among all these topics the most significant is the protection of public health; especially now that viruses such as Coronavirus are spreading rapidly worldwide. This paper aims to review the use of Statistical Process Monitoring techniques in the public health domain in order to improve health care decision-making under uncertainty and further on to provide an innovative three-layer framework for the collection, processing, and real-time analysis of related data like Coronavirus or any other infectious disease that will emerge in the future for both proper and effective case management and effective health policy planning.
The Role of Self Efficacy Moderating the Influence of Individual Competence and Knowledge Sharing on the Performance of MSMEs in Gianyar Regency

Individual competence is able to sharpen and broaden the capabilities of employees. The more often someone does the same job, the more skilled and faster someone can accomplish the job. Knowledge sharing also has considerable benefits for MSMEs where employees are ready to carry out their work so that qualified human resource will be formed and allows for improving the performance. Similarly, individuals with strong self-efficacy will have high self-confidence on how they can do a good job and achieve high performance, there for the purpose of this study is to explain the role of self-efficacy in moderating the influence of individual competence and sharing knowledge on performance MSMEs in Gianyar Regency. This research was conducted in Gianyar Regency by taking a sample of 120 employees of the weaving industry MSMEs in Gianyar Regency. The analytical method used is Moderating Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of this study indicate that individual competence has a positive and significant effect on performance, knowledge sharing has a positive and significant effect on performance, selfefficacy is able to moderate the influence of individual competence on performance and selfefficacy is able to moderate knowledge sharing on performance.
Optimization of park-and-ride system: A case study of Shunyi in Beijing

Nowadays, rapid increase in automobile ownership results in traffic congestions especially in large cities all over the world. Park-and-ride mode could ease traffic congestion in urban areas without abandoning traffic demands. The optimization of park-and-ride facility location and charging rules are of importance for travelers, governments, and environment. Therefore, a multi-objective model considering investments and pollution is proposed and a bi-level genetic algorithm is designed. The case study of Shunyi in Beijing is conducted and the results show that the optimization model is feasible, which could provide suggestion for charging policies and park-and-ride locations.
New insights into the genus Gyroporus (Gyroporaceae, Boletales), with establishment of four new sections and description of five new species from China

ABSTRACT Species of Gyroporus from southern China were studied in this study. Based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU), and the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate ATP synthase subunit 6 (atp6), Gyroporus was divided into four main branches in the phylogenetic tree, and four sections were firstly proposed i.e. Gyroporus sect. Castaneus, G. sect. Cyanescens, G. sect. Longicystidiatus and G. sect. Pallidus. Five new species, i.e. G. alboluteus, G. atrocyanescens, G. pseudolongicystidiatus, G. pallidus and G. subcaerulescens, were revealed from China, and their phylogenetic positions were also analysed. Among them, G. alboluteus and G. pallidus were nested into the sect. Pallidus, although morphologically similar to G. castaneus; G. atrocyanescens and G. subcaerulescens, with obvious cyanescent oxidation reactions, were nested into the sect. Cyanescens; and G. pseudolongicystidiatus characterised by its long cystidia and was nested into the sect. Longicystidiatus. The new species were formally described and illustrated in the present study, and a key to the sections and species of Gyroporus in China was provided.
Treatment of Trinitrotoluene (TNT)-contaminated Wastewater in Constructed Wetland

A novel treatment process involving external carbon-enhanced phytoremediation of TNT-contaminated wastewater was developed in this study. External carbon sources such as sucrose and molasses were used to enhance the treatment of TNT contaminated wastewater in a free-water surface pilot-scale CW. The constructed wetland consists of four cascades, which contains five steel tanks filled with lava and planted with Typha spp. and Scirpus lacustris. The results showed that addition of appropriate cosubstrate to CW could increase the removal rate of TNT, reduce treatment facilities, save constructed areas and thus provide a cost-effective technology for wastewater treatment. The effects of other factors such as HRT (hydraulic retention time) and technical aeration on TNT transformation in a CW were also examined in order to optimize the operational conditions for the CW. The results indicated that TNT removal efficiencies increased with increasing of HRT and no significant effects of technical aeration on TNT removal was found. Radio labelled TNT was used in studies of the mechanism of TNT transformation in closed bottle cultures with addition of cosubstrate. No significant mineralization of TNT was found. 20-35% of the initial radioactivity was found in sludge, which was associated with biomass and 55 to 70% in the culture supernatants. The predominant TNT transformation products detected in extracts of effluent were monoaminodinitrotoluenes (4A2,6-DNT and 2A4,6-DNT), diaminonitrotoluenes (2,4DA6-NT, and 2,6DA4-NT), dinitrotoluenes (2,4-DNT and 2,6-DNT), and nitrotoluenes (2-NT and 4-NT). Addition of cosubstrates such as sucrose and molasses could enhance both the removal of TNT and the further transformation of its intermediates in the CW. Analysis of plant materials showed the presence of both the parent compound TNT and its reduction products, 4A2,6-DNT, 2A4,6-DNT, and 2-NT. Adsorption of TNT and its transformation products on to lava materials occurred. However, with low TNT influent concentrations, the adsorption of TNT and its transformation products was negligible.
300 mA/mm Drain Current Density P-Type Enhancement-Mode Oxidized Si-terminated (111) Diamond MOSFETs with ALD Al2O3 Gate Insulator

In this study, high-performance normally–off oxidized Si-terminated (C–Si) diamond metal–oxide– semiconductor field–effect transistors (MOSFETs) have been achieved using (111) diamond and Al2O3 gate insulator with maximum drain current density (ID_MAX) up to 300 mA/mm, which is a record value among Enhancement-mode single crystalline diamond devices to date. During selective growth of heavily-boron-doped (p++)-diamond MOSFETs utilizing a SiO2 mask, carbon–silicon bonding was established at SiO2/diamond interface. C–Si diamond MOSFET will be a promising candidate for fulfilling the requirements of high output capability and safety operation in some power device applications.
Minipatch: Undermining DNN-Based Website Fingerprinting With Adversarial Patches

Website Fingerprinting (WF) enables a local passive attacker to infer which website a user is visiting over an encrypted connection. Classifiers utilizing deep neural networks (DNNs) automatically extract reliable features and have achieved up to 98% accuracy even against Tor. Since DNNs are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples, several recent studies have exploited adversarial perturbations to defeat WF attacks. These defenses, however, require a high bandwidth overhead that typically exceeds 20% of the original traffic, prohibiting them from real-world deployment. Moreover, many studies on WF defense have been criticized for unrealistic assumptions such as full access to the target model and operating on the entire website trace. In this paper, we leverage adversarial patches—a special type of adversarial example that perturbs only local parts of the input—to control the overhead and enable black-box perturbation. In particular, we propose a new WF defense called Minipatch that injects extremely few dummy packets in real-time traffic to evade the attacker’s classifier. Experimental results demonstrate that Minipatch provides over 97% protection success rate with less than 5% bandwidth overhead, much lower than existing defenses. Moreover, we show that our adversarial patches remain effective in challenging settings, e.g., where dummy packets are injected only on the client-side and where perturbations are applied almost two months later. Finally, we also analyze several potential countermeasures and suggest ways to preserve perturbation effectiveness during deployment.
The informational role of aggregate accounting earnings and their components in predicting GDP growth – evidence from Korea

Abstract Research on the information value of accounting data has been mainly conducted from the perspective of individual companies and the capital market. However, in recent years, the area has been expanding to an aggregate perspective and the analysis of the relationship with the macro economy. Among them, research on the relationship between aggregate accounting earnings and GDP is drawing special attention. Studies on this have also focused mainly on identifying the relationship between gross accounting net income and GDP growth rate itself. It is difficult to find an in-depth analysis of the source and path of aggregate accounting earnings exerting predictive power as a leading indicator of GDP growth. This study tries to contribute to deepen and expand an accounting research flow related to aggregate accounting earnings by investigating what information factors of aggregate accounting earnings and how the information factors of those act, for companies listed in the Korea Stock Exchange. To this end, this study divides the aggregate accounting earnings and GDP growth rate into sub-elements, and then checks the existence and working path of predictive power through regression analysis. As a result, we find that aggregate accounting earnings have predictive power over the future GDP growth rate, and it is confirmed that the combined effect between the future information of aggregate accruals and the historical information of aggregate operating cash flow is the source of predictive power. In addition, the predictive power for GDP growth rate of aggregate accounting earnings exert through both consumption and investment paths, and the investment path consistently shows higher predictive power for GDP growth rate than consumption path. Through these results, it is expected to increase interest and understanding in enhancing the connection between the national account system and corporate accounting, and to highlight the usefulness of accounting information as basic data for macroeconomic statistics and policy proposals.