Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Retained Fetal Membranes on Concentration of Some Biochemical Parameters and Liver Enzymes in Cattle

URRENT study was aimed to investigate effect of retained fetal membrane on the concentration of some biochemical parameters and liver enzymes in cows. Total forty five multipara local Iraqi Holstein (n=35) cows suffered from retained fetal membrane were considered as treatment group and 10 normal cows (n=10) as control group, in Salah El-Din province, were used in the current study at the period September 2020 up to April 2021. Blood samples were collected and serum extracted for biochemical parameters and liver enzymes analysis from all animals. The concentration of calcium, phosphorous, iron, magnesium, copper, total serum proteins, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride were measured by spectrophotometer. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were also estimated. The results of present study revealed that the triglyceride showed significant (P≤0.05) increases in cows suffered from retained fetal membranes (20.863±1.222 mg/dl) compared with healthy cows (16.3 ± 2.172 mg/dl), while the total protein, Glucose and cholesterol didn’t show significant differences between groups. Both Calcium and phosphorous showed significant (P≤0.05) decreases in cows suffered from retained fetal membranes (1.598±0.166 mg/dl and 1.105±0.118 mg/dl respectively) compared with healthy animals (2.058±0.191 mg/dl and 1.52±0.0393 mg/dl respectively). The liver enzymes didn’t show any significant changes between the groups. In conclusion the present study elucidated that calcium and phosphorous are the main minerals which have important role in occurrence of retained fetal membranes in cows.
Synthesis and singlet oxygen generation of boron-2-(4,5-dibromo-1H-imidazole-2-yl)-3,5-dipyrazolopyridine complex for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy

In this study, the pyridine side of a boron 2-(2′-pyridyl) imidazole (BOPIM) core, which has very few derivatives synthesized in the literature and can show fluorescence properties in solid form, was derivatized with 1-methylpyrazole, predicted to have activity against fungi or bacteria according to the literature. Additionally, its imidazole side was brominated to increase the efficiency of singlet oxygen production by increasing the intersystem crossing. The photophysical properties of the new synthesized BOPIM derivative were investigated in general organic solvents with different polarities. While the wavelength of the maximum absorbance was determined as 406 nm in CH2Cl2 and THF, the wavelength of the highest emission was measured at 497 nm in CH3CN solvent. The largest Stokes shift was determined as 104 nm in CH3CN. This value was considerably higher than those of many photosensitizers. The singlet oxygen generation potential of the BOPIM derivative was revealed using a 440-nm LED lamp in the presence of singlet oxygen scavenger 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). Additionally, it was demonstrated that the BOPIM derivative had no toxic effects by measurements made in the dark.
INFLUENCE OF ROOTSTOCKS AND PLANTING DENSITY ON PERFORMANCES OF PLUM TREES

Investigations of growth properties of plum trees cultivated on heavy soil were conducted during four years after planting (1997-2000). In experiment were three cultivars: Top, Elena and Felsina, grafted on rootstocks GF 655-2, Julior and Jaspy, and planted at three densities (3.8 x 1.8, 3.8 x 2.2 and 3.8 x 2.6 m). There was a general linear pattern of tree TCSA increment of ‘ Felsina’ , ‘ Elena’ and ‘ Top’ grafted on GF 655-2 rootstock from first to fourth year. In the fourth year trunk cross-sectional area decreased significantly as the distance within the row decreased. In fourth year crown volume of ‘ Felsina’ was lowest whereas crown volume of ‘ Elena’ and ‘ Top’ was significantly higher. Different rootstocks had no influence on tree vigour of cultivars Felsina and Elena.
Impact assessment of a far-field tsunami scenario for building damage and habitability in Christchurch, New Zealand

i Acknowledgements . iii List of Figures . vii List of Tables . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Context of study . 1 1.2 Aims and objectives . 2 1.3 Risk management framework . 2 1.4 Research methodology and thesis structure . 6 1.5 Literature Review . 7 1.5. 1 Tsunami in New Zealand . 7 1.5. 2 Tsunami in Canterbury . 10 1.5. 3 Inundation modelling and scenarios . 11 1.5. 4 Tsunami impacts . 15 Chapter 2: Assessment of building damage . 17 2.
Rotavirus in developing countries: molecular diversity, epidemiological insights, and strategies for effective vaccination

Rotavirus (RV) causes the loss of numerous children’s lives worldwide each year, and this burden is particularly heavy in low- and lower-middle-income countries where access to healthcare is limited. RV epidemiology exhibits a diverse range of genotypes, which can vary in prevalence and impact across different regions. The human genotypes that are most commonly recognized are G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G8P[8], G9P[8], and G12P[8]. The diversity of rotavirus genotypes presents a challenge in understanding its global distribution and developing effective vaccines. Oral, live-attenuated rotavirus vaccines have undergone evaluation in various contexts, encompassing both low-income and high-income populations, demonstrating their safety and effectiveness. Rotavirus vaccines have been introduced and implemented in over 120 countries, offering an opportunity to assess their effectiveness in diverse settings. However, these vaccines were less effective in areas with more rotavirus-related deaths and lower economic status compared to wealthier regions with fewer rotavirus-related deaths. Despite their lower efficacy, rotavirus vaccines significantly decrease the occurrence of diarrheal diseases and related mortality. They also prove to be cost-effective in regions with a high burden of such diseases. Regularly evaluating the impact, influence, and cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines, especially the newly approved ones for worldwide use, is essential for deciding if these vaccines should be introduced in countries. This is especially important in places with limited resources to determine if a switch to a different vaccine is necessary. Future research in rotavirus epidemiology should focus on a comprehensive understanding of genotype diversity and its implications for vaccine effectiveness. It is crucial to monitor shifts in genotype prevalence and their association with disease severity, especially in high-risk populations. Policymakers should invest in robust surveillance systems to monitor rotavirus genotypes. This data can guide vaccine development and public health interventions. International collaboration and data sharing are vital to understand genotype diversity on a global scale and facilitate the development of more effective vaccines.
Dissecting the Genetic Basis of the Technological, Functional, and Safety Characteristics of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei SRX10

Nonstarter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) are major contributors to the unique characteristics (e.g., aroma, flavor, texture) of dairy and nondairy fermented products. Lc. paracasei SRX10 is an NSLAB strain originally isolated from a traditional Greek cheese and previously shown to exhibit favorable biotechnological characteristics. More specifically, the strain showed tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions, exopolysaccharide (EPS) biosynthetic capacity, and lack of hemolytic activity and was used in the production of yoghurt and feta cheese with distinct organoleptic characteristics. The aim of the present study was to investigate these traits at the genome level through whole-genome sequencing (WGS), annotation, and comparative genomics. Functional annotation of the genome revealed that Lc. paracasei SRX10 can utilize different carbon sources, leading to the generation of flavor compounds, including lactic acid, acetate, ethanol, and acetoin. Similarly, full clusters for fatty acid biosynthesis, protein and peptide degradation, as well as genes related to survival under extreme temperatures, osmotic shock, and oxidative stress were annotated. Importantly, no transferable antibiotic resistance genes or virulence factors were identified. Finally, strain-specific primers based on genome-wide polymorphisms were designed for the efficient and rapid identification of Lc. paracasei SRX10 via multiplex PCR in fermented products.
A Phalarodon fraasi (Ichthyosauria: Mixosauridae) from the Middle Triassic of Svalbard

A new specimen of Phalarodon from the Middle Triassic Botneheia Formation on Svalbard, although not complete, is well preserved with both cranial and postcranial elements. Uncompressed preservation of the rostrum reveals the dental groove divided by alveolar bone between the teeth. The right opisthotic has a thin and plate-like paroccipital process, a structure which has only been observed in Mixosaurus cornalianus among mixosaurids. The rare preservation of the atlas-axis complex, being nearly complete and articulated, is very similar to that of Phalarodon callawayi. The interclavicle, although not complete, is preserved with detailed structures which have previously not been described in Mixosauridae. Contrary to earlier studies, the shoulder girdle, with an articulated scapula and coracoid, reveals a coracoid facet on the scapula. Using comparative morphological and phylogenetic analyses, similarities between the new specimen and the known species of Mixosauridae are addressed. We assign the new specimen to Phalarodon fraasi. With its uncompressed preservation, the new specimen contributes to the knowledge of our morphology of the species. This study suggests a reassignment of the specimen PMO 219.250 to the genus Mixosaurus, and opens up for the possibility of Mixosaurus on Svalbard. This would imply a wider geographical distribution of the genus than previously recognised. Additionally, it would prove the coexistence of Mixosaurus and Phalarodon in a shared habitat at the same point in time, a hypothesis that is strengthened by the differences in dentition which reflects separate feeding habits, and thus different niches.
Stressors and Coping Mechanism Strategies of Islamic Boarding School Students

The study aimed to explore how students at an Islamic boarding school in Tangerang, Indonesia perceived various pressures and the strategies they employed to deal with them. It included the sample of 150 students from the first, second, and third grades enrolled in the school. The data were analyzed using Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) theory to identify recurring themes related to students' stress-coping strategies. The findings indicated that the majority of stressors stemmed from non-academic sources, encompassing issues such as interpersonal relationships, environmental factors, and health-related concerns. Interestingly, despite a substantial female representation in the sample, exceeding 60% of the total participants, a significant proportion of students employed problem-based coping strategies to address these stressors. The study suggests further exploration of coping strategies within the framework of human development theories and their potential contributions to future educational interventions, policies, and practices.
Turfgrass Benefits and Issues

Managed turfgrass accounts for an estimated 35,850 km 2 in the USA (Milesi et al., 2005). Turf areas can also be substantial in other developed countries; for example, turf comprises an estimated 6% of the federal land in Austria (Herndl et al., 2009). Turf management is a thriving industry, with professional landscaping services having had an annual growth rate of 15% between 1997 and 2002 in the United States, when 25 million households used professional landscaping services worth $28.9 billion (Des Rosiers et al., 2007). The sheer extent, growth and visibility of managed turf result in confl icting values and concerns for land use and ecosystem impacts, leading to increasing regulations regarding turf use and management (Blanco-Montero et al., 1995; Robbins and Birkenhol , 2003; Rosen and Horgan, 2005). Beard and Green (1994) published the fi rst refereed summary of benefi ts from turfgrasses. Their paper described the ability of turfgrasses to control erosion and dust; recharge groundwater and protect surface water quality; ameliorate urban heating, noise, and glare; reduce noxious pests, allergens and human disease agents; diminish fi re hazards; provide a low-cost security measure to discourage criminal activity and provide recreational, aesthetic, and health benefi ts to humans. A number of these benefi ts have received additional a ention since 1994, and in some cases more benefi ts have been identifi ed.
Developing The E-Learning System Success Model: A Developing Country Perspective

This study aimed to develop a comprehensive e-learning system success model from a developing country perspective. The integrated lens of DeLone & McLean-Information System Success Model, the Model for Measuring E-learning System Success, and the Social Cognitive Theory was used to develop a research model. Twelve hypotheses were developed and tested with 188 participants. The study employed the Structural Equation Modeling technique to analyze data. Out of 12 hypotheses, two were rejected. At the same time, ten were supported, implying that variables such as contentment and information quality, user self-efficacy, user satisfaction, intention to use/use, net benefits, and loyalty to the system were appropriate for measuring the e-learning system success in developing countries. Based on these results, we recommend that the technical system quality and educational system quality of e-learning systems should be improved.
Presence of subclinical giant cell arteritis in patients with morning stiffness of duration less than 45 minutes at the time of diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica

Introduction In some patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), giant cell arteritis (GCA) is subclinical as underlying inflammation of large vessels (LV) is present without evidence of related clinical manifestations. Different factors have been proposed as predictive of subclinical GCA in PMR patients. To date, the literature reports scant data about the association between subclinical GCA and long-lasting morning stiffness (MS) in patients at the time of diagnosis of PMR. Given this background, the aim of this study was to assess the association between subclinical GCA and MS < 45 min in patients with newly diagnosed PMR. Material and methods We performed an observational, retrospective, single-centre cohort study of patients consecutively referred to our public out-of-hospital rheumatologic clinic between January 2015 and December 2020, who could be classified as having PMR according to the 2012 EULAR/ACR criteria. Subclinical GCA was investigated through ultrasound examination of a core set of arteries (temporal, axillary, common carotid, and subclavian arteries), in accordance with the EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging in LV vasculitis. Patients who did not have GCA symptoms but showed halo sign in at least one of these arteries were described as having subclinical GCA. Results We included a total of 143 patients (35 men and 108 women). Their median age was of 71.5 years. Thirty-five had MS duration < 45 min at the time of PMR diagnosis. Subclinical GCA was found in 23 PMR patients (16.1%); 18 had a cranial and 5 an extracranial GCA. A univariate analysis highlighted that MS < 45 min was associated with a lower prevalence of GCA (OR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.04–0.29; p < 0.0001). This association was retained in a multivariable analysis that accounted for 6 different potential covariates (OR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01–0.26; p < 0.0001. Conclusions In our study MS < 45 min at the time of PMR diagnosis was associated with a significantly lower risk of subclinical GCA, when patients were screened by ultrasound, of approximately 90%. Identification of a more accurate MS cut-off value could improve the accuracy for subclinical GCA in patients with newly diagnosed PMR.
Compositional Analysis and Characterisation of Non-edible Plant Biomass for Carboxymethyl Cellulose Production

This study assesses the compositional analysis and characterization of eight non-edible plant biomass identified as a potential feedstock to produce carboxymethyl cellulose. The materials' contents were ascertained by gravimetric analysis, and they were further characterized using Fourier transforms Infrared spectroscopy. According to the research, cellulose was present in substantial amounts ranging from 33 % to 41 %, with sugarcane bagasse having the highest concentration. The percentage of hemicellulose ranged from 18 % to 28 %, with corn cob having the highest percentage. Also discovered was that lignin content varied between 9 % and 22 %, with mahogany having the highest amount amongst the samples. The FTIR spectroscopic analysis of all eight samples reveals a broad band at around 3300 cm-1, which is caused by the stretching vibration of the cellulose's O-H groups. The observed peaks at 1600 cm-1 and 1500 cm-1 correlated to the hemicellulose and lignin's respective C=O and C=C stretching vibrations. Additionally, a significant sharp peak that matched the stretching vibrations in the skeleton of the pyranose ring, C-O-C, was seen at roughly 1050 cm-1. Thus, the findings of this study indicate that all eight samples can yield a respectable amount of cellulose, suggesting that these wastes may serve as feedstocks for the creation of biopolymers like carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
Breaking Barriers in Neuro-Oncology: A Scoping Literature Review on Invasive and Non-Invasive Techniques for Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption

Simple Summary Advancements in understanding the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blood–tumor barrier (BTB) structures emphasize the need to explore functional differences influencing drug distribution to the central nervous system (CNS). Various methods for overcoming the BBB/BTB have been proposed. Osmotic BBB disruption with intra-arterial administration effectively obtains local, clinically relevant concentrations in large brain areas, with an acceptable safety profile in experienced hands. Convection-enhanced delivery allows for homogenous and safe drug delivery to the tumor but demands further technical refinement and clinical evaluation. Emerging therapies like high-intensity focused and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound show great promise in delivering large therapeutic agents to small brain areas. While laser interstitial thermal therapy is effective in ablating local brain tumors, its impact on disrupting the BBB remains inadequately understood. Similarly, tumor-treating fields aid chemotherapy in inducing cycle arrest, but the proof of their ability to disrupt the BBB/BTB has been so far limited to preclinical studies. Abstract The blood–brain barrier (BBB) poses a significant challenge to drug delivery for brain tumors, with most chemotherapeutics having limited permeability into non-malignant brain tissue and only restricted access to primary and metastatic brain cancers. Consequently, due to the drug’s inability to effectively penetrate the BBB, outcomes following brain chemotherapy continue to be suboptimal. Several methods to open the BBB and obtain higher drug concentrations in tumors have been proposed, with the selection of the optimal method depending on the size of the targeted tumor volume, the chosen therapeutic agent, and individual patient characteristics. Herein, we aim to comprehensively describe osmotic disruption with intra-arterial drug administration, intrathecal/intraventricular administration, laser interstitial thermal therapy, convection-enhanced delivery, and ultrasound methods, including high-intensity focused and low-intensity ultrasound as well as tumor-treating fields. We explain the scientific concept behind each method, preclinical/clinical research, advantages and disadvantages, indications, and potential avenues for improvement. Given that each method has its limitations, it is unlikely that the future of BBB disruption will rely on a single method but rather on a synergistic effect of a combined approach. Disruption of the BBB with osmotic infusion or high-intensity focused ultrasound, followed by the intra-arterial delivery of drugs, is a promising approach. Real-time monitoring of drug delivery will be necessary for optimal results.
Comparative 14C and OSL dating of loess-paleosol sequences to evaluate post-depositional contamination of n-alkane biomarkers

Abstract There is an ongoing controversial discussion as to whether n-alkane lipid biomarkers—and organic matter of loess in general—reflect a synsedimentary paleoenvironmental/climate signal or whether they are significantly affected by postdepositional “contamination,” for example related to root and rhizomicrobial activity. In order to address this issue at our study site (the Middle to Late Weichselian loess-paleosol sequence Gleina in Saxony, Germany), we determined and compared radiocarbon ages of bulk n-alkanes and sedimentation ages, as assessed by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. The bulk n-alkanes of the four dated samples yielded calibrated 14C ages ranging from 24.1 to 49.7 cal ka BP (95.4% probability ranges). While the three uppermost n-alkane samples are well within the range or even slightly older than the OSL-inferred sedimentation ages, the lowermost n-alkane sample is slightly younger than the OSL ages. There is hence little or no evidence at our study site for n-alkanes in loess-paleosol sequences being significantly “contaminated” by deep subsoil rooting or microbial processes. We propose a 14C isotope mass balance calculation for estimating such contaminations quantitatively. Radiocarbon dating of bulk n-alkanes might have great potential for Quaternary research, and we encourage further comparative 14C and OSL studies.
Socially-Just Disability Resources in Higher Education: An Appreciative Inquiry

Abstract:To replace the current professional paradigm of higher education disability resources, socially-just disability resources emerged as the next step for the field to progress relative to creating experiences for students with disabilities that are not only accessible and equitable but also socially-just. Overall, descriptions of socially-just disability resources take the social model approach a step further by directly mobilizing disability resource professionals to organize for greater change in higher education to holistically address barriers with an ideal outcome of reducing the need for accommodations altogether. However, because this is a novel framework, there is a paucity of research regarding its implementation. The purpose of this study was to understand what the ideal implementation of socially just disability resources would entail and how these practices can be sustained. Following a review of the findings from an appreciative inquiry initiative conducted with one disability resource center, implications are discussed.