Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunization Coverage in Rural and Urban Field Practice areas of a Medical College of Gujarat

Results: Among 2851 children, vaccination card was available with 45.3% (urban) and 32.8% (rural). Proportions of fully immunized children (12 – 23 months) were 86.4% (urban) and 83.4% (rural) and those “not vaccinated at all” were 2.3% (urban) and 1.6% (rural). DPT/ OPV booster coverage (24 – 35 months) were 87.5% (urban) and 74% (rural) were main hurdles in completing immunization. Reasons for missing doses were sickness of child, no felt need, fear of adverse effects following immunization (AEFI), unawareness about session site etc.
Utility of Biodiesel in Diesel Engine

For fulfilling the demand for industrial development, agriculture sector, transportation etc petroleum fuels plays a vital role. Due to excessive usage, these fuel reserves are fast depleting. Besides so many problems associated with crude oil like CO2, HC, NOx, and SOx are being a regular exerciseby researchers [1]. In recent times, biodiesel has received significant focus both as a possible renewable fuel alternative and as an additive to the existing petroleum based fuels [2]. Biodiesel is a non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable fuel alternative so that it can be used without any engine modifications. It can be extracted from various vegetables, waste cooking oils or animal fats. The properties of Biodiesel may vary when different feed stocks are used. In general, if the fuel properties of Biodiesel are compared to petroleum diesel fuel, it can be seen that biodiesel has a higher viscosity, density, and cetane number. But the conventional diesel fuelhas10-12 % higher energy content or net calorific value than biodiesel on the mass [3]. Through the simulation techniques, the fast development of computer technology narrows down the time consumption for engine test. The insight of the combustion process is analyzed thoroughly, which increase the engine power output and consider as the heart of the engine process [4-6]. The objectives of the research are to find the utility of biodiesel in diesel engine, however the objectives of this research include the utility of SME 20 and SME 100 biodiesels, the characteristics and performances of A B S T R A CT
Class Size and Students’ Attitude to Learning Biology in Gombi Educational Zone of Adamawa State, Nigeria

DOI: 10.21276/sjhss.2018. 3.7. 4 Abstract: The aim of the study was to establish the attitude of students to learning Biology, to examine the academic performance of students in Biology and to compare the attitude of male and female students towards class size. This study investigated the attitude of students to class size and learning Biology. It established the effect of class size on students’ academic performance in Biology in Senior Secondary Schools in Gombi Educational Zone, Adamawa State. The study adopted survey design Three research questions and three hypotheses were postulated. The target population for the study comprised 17, 523 senior public secondary school students in Gombi Educational Zone, Adamawa State, and a sample size of 400 was selected by stratified sampling technique. The research instrument titled “Attitude of Students’ to Class Size and Learning of Biology Questionnaire (ASCSLBQ)” was adapted from Omwirhiren & Faith, 2016. The instrument comprised of 46 items divided into 3 sections. The face and content validity of the instrument was established by two experts in Counselling Psychology and Test and Measurement in the Department of Science Education, Adamawa State University, Mubi. Test-retest method was used to carry out the reliability test and the reliability coefficient was 0.82. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics which included percentages, mean, Standard Deviation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that classes are very rowdy because students are too many, making students not hearing the teacher well during lessons, students love Biology as a subject, because they feel at ease in Biology class, feels good when they solve Biology questions, and are willing to spend more time reading Biology books. There is no significant difference between male and female students attitude towards class size. There is significant difference between the male and female students’ attitude towards the learning of Biology; and there is significant difference between male and female students’ academic performance. Biology is a general subject offered by all senior secondary school students, but the classes allocated to them are too small, as a result the classes are overcrowded. Even though the students have keen interest in Biology, they cannot perform practical very well because the teachers cannot give individual attention to the large numbers of students, others cannot even hear him well during lessons because there are no public address systems. This factor could adversely affect students’ academic performance in Biology. Based on this finding it was recommended that number of students in a class should be streamlined to at most 40 students. In addition, government should provide materials for teaching and learning Biology.
Relationship between Muscular Fitness, Health Behaviors, and Health-related Quality of Life in U.S. Women

Background: Grip strength is a measure of muscular fitness and is related to many health problems in women. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between grip strength and HRQOL in U.S. women. A secondary purpose was to examine the extent to which physical activity (PA), obesity, and smoking moderate the grip strength and HRQOL relationship. Methods: Data for this research came from women 20 years of age and older participating in the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Grip strength (kg) was measured in both hands using a handgrip dynamometer and the largest reading across all trials served as the participant’s score. HRQOL was assessed by a single question asking participants to rate their general health. Additionally, measures of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) (MVPA), TV time, sedentary time, and smoking were assessed. Multiple linear regression was used to model the relationship between HRQOL and grip strength while controlling for confounding variables. Results: Grip strength decreased proportionately in women with increasing age (ppslope=2.04 kg, SE=0.26, pConclusion: Results from this study indicate that grip strength and HRQOL are related in U.S. women. Furthermore, the grip strength and HRQOL relationship appears to remain in women who are current smokers.
School Stakeholders: An Overview on Implementation of Strategic Plans in Public Secondary Schools, Bungoma County, Kenya

DOI: 10.21276/sjhss.2018. 3.8. 11 Abstract: The government of Kenya recognizes the importance of implementing strategic of plans in schools as the key approach of management of institutions, strategic planning is very crucial in realization of management outlook for the Kenyan vision 2030. The purpose of this study was to investigate networking dimensions as determinant implementing strategic of plans in public secondary schools, Bungoma County Kenya, The study sought to examine stakeholders influence on the implementation of strategic plan in public secondary schools. The study was guided by a mixed method Research design. The study sample comprised of 9 sub-county education officials, and 85 principals. The respondents were selected using purposive and simple random sampling technique. Cronbanch‟s Alpha coefficient was used to test reliability of the instruments. The findings of this study revealed that stakeholders influence have a significant relationship with implementation of strategic plan in public secondary schools. The study recommended that the management on public secondary schools should consider adopting training programmes during strategic plans implementation process, this will help the institutions to gather valuable information that will provide valuable insights in the strategic plans implementation. This study will help the government, educational managers, principles, teachers and relevant stakeholders to improve on their strategic plan implementation and generally the way of operations.
Factors Influencing the Marketability of Counterfeit and Pirated Products in Dar-Es-Salaam Region, Tanzania- A Factorial Analysis

This paper explored the influence of selected factors on the marketability of counterfeit and pirated products in Dar-es-salaam region using factorial analysis. The paper followed claims of an upsurge of counterfeit and pirated products in markets and the potential of resulting negative impacts on the health of individuals and overall economic development. A cross-sectional research design and structured questionnaires were used to collect information. The results suggest that factors like the level of income, education (awareness), price and government policies are the key drivers for the purchase of counterfeit and pirated products in Dar-es-salaam region. The study recommends of strengthening the enforcement mechanisms of the existing laws and regulations which deal with discouraging substandard products and unfair practices in markets, putting in place deliberate measures to increase public awareness of the consequences and effects ensuing from the use of counterfeit and pirated products, addressing shortfalls in the intellectual property rights protection laws and regulations and increasing surveillance by the police, inspectors and customs in informal border routes to minimize the problem.
Study of Lipid Profile and Blood Pressure in Obese and Non-Obese: A Comparative Study

Background: Obesity affects life span of an individual by increasing morbidity and mortality. Obese individuals usually affected by lipid abnormalities which serve as risk factors for complications like cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus etc. The study aimed to evaluate lipid profile and blood pressure in obese and non-obese. Materials and Methods: Study was carried out at Department of Medicine, GG Hospital, Jamnagar over a period of one year. Total 105 subjects were enrolled in this cross sectional study after informed consent. Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure were recorded by standard protocol. Based on BMI, subjects were divided into three groups: Group I Normal weight (18.5 to 24.9 kg/m 2 ) , Group II Overweight (25 to 29.9 kg/m 2 ) Group III Obese (more than 30 kg/m 2 ). Overnight fasting blood samples were collected and were analyzed for parameters like serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum HDL, serum LDL & serum VLDL. Results: Blood pressure was elevated in Gr-III as compared to Gr-I+II (p<0.001). Serum Cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL were elevated in Gr-III as compared to Gr-I+II (p<0.001). HDL was decreased in Gr-III compared Gr-I+II (P<0.001). Conclusion: Obese subjects showed lipid abnormalities like elevated Cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL levels and decreased HDL level. Elevated blood pressure is also associated with Obesity.
Educational Protocol to Improve Pregnant Women Practices about Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is considered to be a significant problem among pregnant women in Egypt. Aim: To evaluate the effect of educational protocol to improve pregnant women practices about gestational diabetes mellitus. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The outpatient diabetic clinic at Zagazig university hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of eighty pregnant diabetic women. Tools: Two tools were used in the study, Tool (1): Contained two parts; (1) demographic characteristics, (2) History about reproductive profile during pregnancy, Tool (2): Included two parts, assessment of knowledge of pregnant women about DM, and assessment of practice of pregnant women about DM. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women were 32.04 ± 9.36 years, also it was revealed that the total knowledge scores improved from 31.35% to 58.20%, with a highly significant difference (p=0.0044) for the participants, additionally, the overall increase in adequate practices improved from 56 to 78.5% after the implementation of the protocol sessions, with a significant difference (p=0.0106). Conclusion: The implementation of educational protocol for pregnant women was effective and enhanced their practices, and knowledge regarding the gestational diabetes mellitus. Recommendation: The study recommended that further studies for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus should be applied in all health care centers.
PO-EMO: Conceptualization, Annotation, and Modeling of Aesthetic Emotions in German and English Poetry

Most approaches to emotion analysis of social media, literature, news, and other domains focus exclusively on basic emotion categories as defined by Ekman or Plutchik. However, art (such as literature) enables engagement in a broader range of more complex and subtle emotions. These have been shown to also include mixed emotional responses. We consider emotions in poetry as they are elicited in the reader, rather than what is expressed in the text or intended by the author. Thus, we conceptualize a set of aesthetic emotions that are predictive of aesthetic appreciation in the reader, and allow the annotation of multiple labels per line to capture mixed emotions within their context. We evaluate this novel setting in an annotation experiment both with carefully trained experts and via crowdsourcing. Our annotation with experts leads to an acceptable agreement of k = . 70, resulting in a consistent dataset for future large scale analysis. Finally, we conduct first emotion classification experiments based on BERT, showing that identifying aesthetic emotions is challenging in our data, with up to . 52 F1-micro on the German subset. Data and resources are available at https://github.com/tnhaider/poetry-emotion.
The Causal Impact of Socio-Emotional Skills Training on Educational Success

We study the long-term effects of a randomized intervention targeting children’s socio-emotional skills. The classroom-based intervention for primary school children has positive impacts that persist for over a decade. Treated children become more likely to complete academic high school and enroll in university. Two mechanisms drive these results. Treated children show fewer ADHD symptoms: they are less impulsive and less disruptive. They also attain higher grades, but they do not score higher on standardized tests. The long-term effects on educational attainment thus appear to be driven by changes in socio-emotional skills rather than cognitive skills.
Evidence from an Irrigation System in Western China

This study examines the impact of long-term exposure to resource scarcity on farmers’ cooperation. A historical irrigation water quota system in western China provides an opportunity to measure exogenous variation of water scarcity within an otherwise homogeneous region. We use the ratio of the arable land to the irrigation water quota of each village as our measure of water scarcity. Moreover, we use survey questions to measure collective actions in irrigation activities and we use a public goods game to measure cooperation norms in rural communities. We find that irrigation water scarcity not only induces better irrigation management practices and outcomes, but also fosters a stronger cooperation norm.
Relationship between Teachers’ Classroom Management Styles and Pupils’ Discipline in Public Primary Schools in Anambra State, Nigeria

This study determined the relationship between teachers’ classroom management styles and pupils’ discipline in public primary schools in Anambra state. To this end, the study was guided by 3 research questions and three null hypotheses where tested at 0.05 level of significance. A population of 74,947, consisting 645 teachers and 74,302 primary 6 pupils in 3 educational zones which comprised Awka, Nnewi and Onitsha Education zones. A sample of 303 primary school teachers and 3,715 pupils were chosen for the study through proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using two instruments titled Teachers’ Classroom Management Styles Questionnaire (TCMSQ) and Pupils Discipline questionnaire (PDQ). The instruments were validated by three experts. Internal consistency reliability index of 0.75 and 0.71 were obtained for TCMSQ and PDQ using Cronbach’s alpha method. Data analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation analysis. The findings revealed that there is a moderate positive and significant relationship between democratic classroom management style of teachers and pupil’ discipline. A low positive and significant relationship exists between autocratic classroom management and laissez-faire classroom management style of teachers and pupils’ discipline.
Comparison of Haemoglobin Level in Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Subjects

Dietary habits are an important determinant of health. In vegetarian diet meat (including fowl) or seafood, or products containing those foods are not included. Current recommendations for all the nutrients can be fulfilled by the vegetarian diet. Sometimes to achieve proper amount of important nutrients, supplements or fortified foods can be added in the diet. Researchers reported that vegetarian diets are beneficial in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, renal disease and dementia, as well as diverticular disease, gallstones and rheumatoid arthritis. In this study we compared the haemoglobin level in vegetarian and nonvegetarian population from Rajkot city, Gujarat state. About 100 individuals of the age group of 16-50 years participated in the present study. Based on the dietary history, participants were divided into two groups as vegetarians and nonvegetarians. We conclude that in our study there is no significant difference in Haemoglobin concentration between two study groups. This shows that non-vegetarian diet does not have any beneficiary effect on haematological parameters in our study group.
Knowledge and Attitudes of HIV-Positive Women regarding Exclusive Breastfeeding

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV is one of the primary strategies towards elimination of the HIV pandemic. Part of the mother-to-child transmission strategy is exclusive breastfeeding, which is fundamental for the survival of HIV-exposed infants, as breast milk remains the vital source of essential nutrients for infant growth. Unfortunately, exclusive breastfeeding comes with the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV if not practised correctly. Moreover, there were several amendments of the infants feeding guidelines before the study was initiated, which brought about a need to ascertain the need for advocacy and health education. To assess the current knowledge and attitudes of HIV-positive women regarding exclusive breastfeeding in the Mopani district (greater Letaba sub-district), South Africa, a quantitative, descriptive study was conducted. Probability sampling was used to sample the sites and non-probability sampling was used to sample the respondents in this study. A self-developed structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 123 respondents. The study concluded that HIV-positive women have good knowledge of and positive attitudes to exclusive breastfeeding. However, knowledge of HIV transmission during breastfeeding is still a challenge. Therefore, continuous evidence-based strategic interventions to increase the knowledge of HIV-positive women are still important in the fight against the pandemic.
Field study on the effect of aluminum silicate adsorbent on performance of 51 weeks old broiler breeder chickens

In 9 weeks field study, a total of 14100 (Ross broiler breeders) 51 weeks-old chickens fed on the same ration, placed in 2 houses (6600 female + 450 male / house). Birds of house 1 were treated with antimycotoxin adsorbent aluminum silicate (G-V-tox®) 5 kgm/ ton, while those of house 2 were kept as non treated controls. Productivity and reproductivety parameters were calculated for comparison. Treated flock showed improved average egg production (Average 62.2%/week) compared with non treated (Average 61.7%/week), but all still lower than farm stander (Average 76.4%/week). Marked improvement was in the 1st 3 weeks (51-53) of treatment only. Total 9 weeks production declined was 5.5% and 8.4% in control and silicate treated flock; with weekly average of 0.61, and 0.93; respectively. Control flock was slower in decline of production (0.61%/week) than treated flock (0.93%/week). Average weekly egg production and hatching eggs/ hen in treated flock was lower than standard and higher than non treated. Hatchery parameters of treated were improved in treated at the first 3 weeks post treatment. The fertility was higher in aluminum silicate treated group (77.2%), than the untreated one (72.19%). The hatchability was in silicate treated (63.66%) versus (62.25%) in the untreated control. Culls % in hatched chicks was 1.91% in treated flock and lower than in non treated (2.85%). Difference percentage between fertility and hatchability of G.V. tox treated chickens was (10.84%) higher than untreated control (16%). The number of marketable chicks l100 was also improved in treated than non treated. In conclusion, our field study cleared that administration of Silicate in ration for treatment of broiler breeders resulted in an improved production and hatchery performance as compared with non medicated control. However; it did not restore it to the farm stander. Consequently the results indicated that we still in need for more effective products to be used to control mycotoxins in breeder chicken.
Comparison of dual-dimensional and rectangular wires in terms of space closure and anchorage loss during retraction with miniimplants: A prospective clinical study

Background. In sliding mechanics, archwires should slide easily during the retraction of anteriors. Round wires slide well, but the torque control is a significant problem. Rectangular wires produce effective torque expression but pose a challenge to free sliding due to factors like friction and force used to overcome friction, etc. To utilize the properties of both wires, the wire should be bi-dimensional. Dual-dimensional wire is one such wire with different dimensions in the anterior and posterior sections. This study aimed to compare the amount of space closure and anchorage loss of molars between the rectangular and dual-dimensional wire groups during retraction with mini-implants. Methods. Forty patients were randomly allocated to two groups (n=20). Patients with rectangular wires formed the control group, and those with dual-dimensional wires formed the experimental group. Mini-implants and NiTi coil springs were used for retraction. Model and cephalometric analyses were carried out to calculate the amount of space closure and anchor loss, before and four months after the study. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results. The average amount of space closure was higher with DDW (3.98 mm) than rectangular wire (3.22 mm). The difference was statistically significant. No significant difference was found with anchorage loss. Conclusion. DDW can be used as an alternative to rectangular wires during retraction with mini-implants; however, it cannot replace the rectangular wires completely. Anchorage control was effective with both wires.