Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oocyte‐specific transcription of fs(1)K10: a Drosophila gene affecting dorsal–ventral developmental polarity

The expression of the fs(1)K10 gene is required in early oogenesis for the establishment of the dorsal–ventral polarity of the oocyte, and later in the embryo. P‐element‐mediated transformation shows that the K10 function is located within a fragment of DNA of 5 kb, which encodes four RNA species. A major transcript of 3.1 kb is likely to be responsible for the K10 function. It is abundant in ovaries and in early developing embryos. Thus its expression profile corresponds closely to that which could be anticipated from the biological characteristics of the mutation. In situ hybridization on ovary sections shows that the gene is not only specifically transcribed in the germ line (which is consistent with the germ‐line dependence of the mutation), but that its expression is also cell‐specific since it is apparently restricted to the oocyte.
Rateless Coding with Feedback

The erasure resilience of rateless codes, such as Luby-Transform (LT) codes, makes them particularly suitable to a wide variety of loss-prone wireless and sensor network applications, ranging from digital video broadcast to software updates. Yet, traditional rateless codes usually make no use of a feedback communication channel, a feature available in many wireless settings. As such, we generalize LT codes to situations where receiver(s) provide feedback to the broadcaster. Our approach, referred to as Shifted LT (SLT) code, modifies the robust soliton distribution of LT codes at the broadcaster, based on the number of input symbols already decoded at the receivers. While implementing this modification entails little change to the LT encoder and decoder, we show both analytically and through real experiments, that it achieves significant savings in communication complexity, memory usage, and overall energy consumption. Furthermore, we show that significant savings can be even achieved with a low number of feedback messages (on the order of the square root of the total number of input symbols) transmitted at a uniform rate. The practical benefits of Shifted LT codes are demonstrated through the implementation of a real over-the-air programming application for sensor networks, based on the Deluge protocol.
The beidellite clays from the Bełchatów lignite deposit as a raw material for constructing waterproofing barriers

Disposal sites for both industrial and communal waste are hazardous for the natural environment due to the accumulated materials and their chemical, physical and biological transformations. The products of these processes migrating at a significant distance contaminate mainly underground waters, surface waters and soils. The spreading of the pollutants may be prevented by horizons of clay rocks that form natural geological barriers. The clay rocks of properly selected parameters may be used in the environmental engineering for constructing artificial water-sealing layers. The mineral, chemical, physico-chemical and physico-mechanical properties of the beidellite clays occurring within the lignite deposit in Belchatow were studied to find out whether they meet the criteria of waterproofing engineering contained in the Polish recommendations and instructions. The results indicate that the beidellite clays of Belchatow are rocks suitable for this kind of environmental engineering and may be used in constructing the barriers preventing the migration of effluents from landfills.
Systemic Antifungal Prescribing in Neonates and Children: Outcomes from the Antibiotic Resistance and Prescribing in European Children (ARPEC) Study

ABSTRACT The appropriate use of systemic antifungals is vital in the prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in immunosuppressed children and neonates. This multicenter observational study describes the inpatient prescribing practice of antifungal drugs for children and neonates and identifies factors associated with prescribing variability. A single-day point prevalence study of antimicrobial use in hospitalized neonates and children was performed between October and December 2012. The data were entered through a study-specific Web-based portal using a standardized data entry protocol. Data were recorded from 17,693 patients from 226 centers. A total of 136 centers recorded data from 1,092 children and 380 neonates receiving at least one antifungal agent. The most frequently prescribed systemic antifungals were fluconazole (n = 355) and amphotericin B deoxycholate (n = 195). The most common indications for antifungal administration in children were medical prophylaxis (n = 325), empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia (n = 122), and treatment of confirmed or suspected IFI (n = 100 [14%]). The treatment of suspected IFI in low-birthweight neonates accounted for the majority of prescriptions in the neonatal units (n = 103). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated no significant effect of clinical indication (prophylaxis or treatment of systemic or localized infection) on the total daily dose (TDD). Fewer than one-half of the patients (n = 371) received a TDD within the dosing range recommended in the current guidelines. Subtherapeutic doses were prescribed in 416 cases (47%). The predominance of fluconazole and high incidence of subtherapeutic doses in participating hospitals may contribute to suboptimal clinical outcomes and an increased predominance of resistant pathogenic fungi. A global consensus on antifungal dosing and coordinated stewardship programs are needed to promote the consistent and appropriate use of antifungal drugs in neonates and children.
High-pressure granulite from Jixian, Eastern Hebei, the North China Craton: implications for Neoarchean to early Paleoproterozoic collision tectonics

Abstract Precambrian high-pressure (HP) granulites provide important information for reconstructing ancient continental nuclei. Here we report granulites in Eastern Hebei, North China Craton (NCC). They experienced three metamorphic events related to Neoarchean–early Paleoproterozoic orogenesis. The garnet–clinopyroxene granulite defines the M1 event at P–T conditions of 11–13 kbar and 780–830°C, while the two-pyroxene granulite was produced during the M2 event at 7–9 kbar and 850–950°C. Both the garnet–clinopyroxene and two-pyroxene granulites experienced amphibolite retrogression during the M3 event at 5–7 kbar and 710–730°C. Geochemical compositions of these granulites exhibit affinity to island-arc andesites. Zircon U–Pb dating shows that their magmatic precursors were erupted at c. 2538 Ma, and have experienced two-stage growth of zircon rims at c. 2458 and c. 2285 Ma, respectively. The c. 2458 Ma age may represent orogenic events during the amalgamation of micro-continental blocks of the eastern NCC, and the c. 2285 Ma age may be interpreted as the effect of late Paleoproterozoic magmatism. We suggest that the Neoarchean andesitic protoliths of the granulites were metamorphosed at HP granulite-facies conditions during collision of micro-continental blocks, and then exhumed to shallow levels. These early Paleoproterozoic HP granulites recorded the amalgamation of micro-continental blocks to reach the cratonization of the eastern NCC.
Comparison of matching criteria for the interposition problem in augmented reality

The article discusses the interposition problem in augmented reality-that is, the realistic and physically-consistent embedding of a 3D virtual object (3DVO) into a real scene. Our method deals with stereoscopic views of an unstructured and unknown real scene and avoids explicit 3D reconstruction. Instead, we consider a 3DVO as a set of vertices and rely on local stereo matching to decide whether each vertex should be visible or not. We focus on the choice of an optimal matching criterion in the particular context of interposition in augmented reality. After a brief presentation of our innovative solution, we review classical matching spaces and criteria, and select the most appropriate for our task. We compare and interpret their performance against parameters such as noise level and matching window size and present preliminary results of interposition for real scenes.
Synthesis of narrowband AlN Lamb wave ladder-type filters based on overhang adjustment

By adjusting the aluminum nitride (AlN) “overhang” dimension, OH, measured from the center of the outermost electrode to the edge of AlN plate, independently of the interdigital transducer (IDT) pitch, AlN Lamb wave mode resonators (LWRs) with 0.25% relative frequency control were demonstrated. Unlike adjusting electrode number, NE, device length, L, and electrode coverage, η, all of which affect device parameters such as Q, Rm, C0, and kt2, overhang frequency selection technique can linearly shift the center frequency up to 2.5% with no influence on other resonator parameters. Preliminary results of narrowband ladder filters using these finely spaced AlN LWRs as building blocks were fabricated and measured. Fine tuning of bandwidth and center frequency were studied.
Query Translation and Where Clause Processing in Data Mediation

A b s t r a c t-A serious problem facing many organizations today is the need to use information from multiple data sources that have been developed separately. Conflicts in the structure and semantics of these disparate data sources create major obstacles to effective use. We have previously described the development of a data mediation service to overcome these obstacles. One of the services our mediator provides is the ability for users and applications to pull data from a foreign data source without any knowledge of its actual structure or semantics. The mediator translates a query written against a well known (local) data source into a query against the foreign data source, executes the query, and then translates the data into the local format. One of the most challenging aspects of this approach is handling the where clause, which can be difficult or impossible to translate. In this paper we describe our solution, which involves splitting the where clause into a translatable portion to be processed in the foreign database, and an untranslatable portion to be processed in the mediator.
Creating a multilingual collocations dictionary from large text corpora

This paper describes a system of terminological extraction capable of handling multi-word expressions, using a powerful syntactic parser. The system includes a concordancing tool enabling the user to display the context of the collocation, i.e. the sentence or the whole document where the collocation occurs. Since the corpora are multilingual, the system also offers an alignment mechanism for the corresponding translated documents.
Characterizing Query Intent From Sponsored Search Clickthrough Data

Understanding the intention underlying users’ queries may help personalize search results and therefore improve user satisfaction. If a commercial intent exists, and if an ad is related to the user’s information need, the user may click on that ad. In this paper, we develop a methodology for using ad clickthrough logs from a commercial search engine to study characteristics of commercial intent. The findings of our study suggest that ad clickthrough features, such as deliberation time, are effective in detecting query intent. We also study the effect of query type and the number of displayed ads on ad clickthrough behavior.
Fixed FAR vote fusion of regional facial classifiers

Holistic face recognition methods like PCA and LDA have the disadvantage that they are very sensitive to expression, hair and illumination variations. This is one of the main reasons they are no longer competitive in the major benchmarks like FRGC and FRVT. In this paper we present an LDA based approach that combines many overlapping regional classifiers (experts) using what we call a Fixed FAR Voting Fusion (FFVF) strategy. The combination by voting of regional classifiers means that if there are sufficient regional classifiers unaffected by the expression, illumination or hair variations, the fused classifier will still correctly recognise the face. The FFVF approach has two interesting properties: it allows robust fusion of dependent classifiers and it only requires a single parameter to be tuned to obtain weights for fusion of different classifiers. We show the potential of the FFVF of regional classifiers using the standard benchmarks experiments 1 and 4 on FRGCv2 data. The multi-region FFVF classifier has a FRR of 4% at FAR=0.1% for controlled and 38% for uncontrolled data compared to 7% and 56% for the best single region classifier.
Recommending New Items to Ephemeral Groups Using Contextual User Influence

Group recommender systems help groups of users in finding appropriate items to be enjoyed together. Lots of activities, like watching TV or going to the restaurant, are intrinsically group-based, thus making the group recommendation problem very relevant. In this paper we study ephemeral groups, i.e., groups where the members might be together for the first time. Recent approaches have tackled this issue introducing complex models to be learned offline, making them unable to deal with new items; on the contrary, we propose a group recommender able to manage new items too. In more detail, our technique determines the preference of a group for an item by combining the individual preferences of the group members on the basis of their contextual influence, where the contextual influence represents the ability of an individual, in a given situation, to direct the group's decision. We conducted an extensive experimental evaluation on a TV dataset containing a log of viewings performed by real groups, showing how our approach outperforms the comparable techniques from the literature.
PARADISE Based Search Engine at TREC 2009 Web Track

Abstract : In this paper, we introduce the PARADISE search engine in TREC09 Web track. PARADISE is the abbreviation for Platform for Applying, Research and Developing Intelligent Search Engine, which is a search engine platform developed by SEWM group, Peking University. The system is designed to support both English and Chinese information retrieval. This system preprocessed and indexed the five hundred million web pages for this year's Web Track. In the preprocessing stage, the templates were removed, the encoding were identified and unified, and the anchor texts and InLink information are extracted with the mapreduce framework (using Hadoop in this system). In retrieval, our runs used an extension of BM25. This model distinguishes terms from different fields and integrated both term counts and position information. Furthermore, some web based features are also considered.
Temperature, pressure, and wind instrumentation in the Phoenix meteorological package

[1] The meteorological package (MET) on the Phoenix Lander is designed to provide information on the daily and seasonal variations in Mars near-polar weather during Martian late spring and summer. The present paper provides some background on the temperature, pressure, and wind instrumentation on the Phoenix MET station and their characterization. A separate paper addresses the MET lidar instrument. Laboratory studies in a Mars wind tunnel confirm estimates that the time constant of the thermocouples should be less than 0.5 s for wind speeds of 5 m s−1 or greater. Solar radiation falling on the thermocouples could raise the reported temperatures by up to 0.7 K for wind speeds of 5 m s−1. The increase will be wind speed dependent and will increase to 0.8 K at U = 3 m s−1 under peak solar radiation. Pressure sensors will give Mars surface pressures accurate to 10 Pa or better while Telltale deflections should provide reliable wind speed information up to at least 10 m s−1. The paper also discusses, to a limited extent, how the MET instruments will be used in conjunction with other instruments on the Phoenix Lander to provide an enhanced meteorological data set. We also describe instrumentation related to the Atmospheric Structure Experiment during entry, descent, and landing (EDL). These instruments will provide deceleration data. Together with drag coefficient information and a surface pressure measurement from MET, these data will allow us to infer the density, pressure, and temperature structure throughout the vertical column during EDL.
Issues in the Runtime Modification of Software Architectures

Existing software architecture research has focused on static architectures, where the system architecture is not expected to change during system execution. We argue that the architectures of many systems, especially long running or mission critical systems, evolve during execution, and thus cannot be accurately modeled and analyzed using static architectures. To overcome these problems, we propose the use of dynamic architectures, where the system architecture may change during execution. In this paper, we identify the issues involved in supporting dynamic architectures. Although some of these issues may be addressed by augmenting current models (i.e., adding constructs that support dynamism to existing architectural description languages), many are new to dynamic architectures (i.e., runtime support for modifying architectures). We describe an initial implementation of our tool, ArchShell, that supports the runtime modification of C2-style software architectures.
Learning and reuse of a visual programming language

Five science teachers were observed during two self-study sessions where they learned to use Visual AgenTalk (VAT). In the first session they learned basic skills; in the second, techniques for reusing example simulations. Two reusable examples were developed, one a concrete example world, the second an abstract world. Although all teachers succeeded in learning VAT basics, we observed differences in reuse. It appears that the simplified components of the abstract world supported reuse to a greater degree than those of the concrete example world.
Anaesthesia during endovascular stroke therapy – a strong or weak link in the treatment chain?

In the present issue of Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Mads Rasmussen et al. present a survey of anaesthesia for endovascular therapy in stroke patients in 19 Nordic anaesthesia departments. Twelve are able to provide immediate 24 h-response, and 15 have institutional guidelines favouring conscious sedation. The study is important because anaesthetic strategy has influence on factors affecting neurological outcome. The survey tells us that the anaesthetic service for endovascular treatment stroke patients in the Nordic countries is neither uniform nor sufficient. As stroke is the third most important cause of death and the main cause of life-long invalidity in the Nordic countries, it is obvious that this have consequences. Mechanical thrombectomy is used in addition to thrombolysis in patients with proven occlusion in major blood vessels when thrombolysis has not been sufficient or intravenous thrombolysis is contra-indicated. The most relevant treatment option is mechanical thrombectomy in addition to intravenous thrombolysis. The effect of thrombectomy is very time-dependent. When a stroke occurs around 1.9 million neurons die per minute. Thrombectomy reduce the absolute risk for invalidity with 26% if the artery is opened within 3 h and 7% if the artery is opened within 6 h. Thrombectomy is thus recommended as soon as possible and no later than 6 h after the onset of symptoms in patients with cerebral infarction due to occlusion of major cerebral arteries in the frontal circulatory system. All Nordic countries have national guidelines for acute management of ischaemic stroke. While only the Danish national guideline for thrombectomy briefly mentions anaesthesia, none of these guidelines go into detail regarding anaesthetic management. However, the most recent complete national method assessment regarding mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke assessment does evaluate anaesthesia and anaesthesia costs. The American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Guideline considers anaesthesia as an important factor that affect outcome in endovascular therapy for acute ischaemic stroke. Focus on pre-hospital stroke management has been necessary because pre-hospital delay comprise most of the wasted time from symptoms to treatment. Together with Norwegian neurologists and neuroradiologists our colleagues in the air ambulance services have been pioneers in improved stroke treatment in the critical prehospital period. They have showed that anaesthesiologists are able to assess unselected stroke patients with a cerebral CT scan in a mobile stroke unit, to effectively assess the CT scans and determine pre-hospital thrombolytic
Software acquisition: a business strategy analysis

The paper argues that there are new insights to be gained from a strategic analysis of requirements engineering. The paper is motivated by a simple question: what does it take to be a world class software acquirer? The question has relevance for requirements engineers because for many organisations market pressures mean that software is commonly acquired rather than developed from scratch. The paper builds on the work of C. H. Fine (1998) who suggests that product, process and supply chain should be designed together, i.e., 3D concurrent engineering. Using a number of reference theories, it proposes a systematic way of carrying out 3D concurrent engineering. The paper concludes that the critical activity in supply chain design is the design of the distribution of skills and the nature of contracts.
Integrating multi-touch in high-resolution display environments

High-resolution display environments consisting of many individual displays arrayed to form a single visible surface are commonly used to present large scale data. Using these displays often involves a control paradigm where interactions become cumbersome and non-intuitive. By combining high- resolution displays with multi-touch and gesture interactive hardware, researchers can explore data more naturally, efficiently and collaboratively. This fusion of technology is necessary to effectively use tiled-display environments and mediate their primary weakness interaction. In order to realize these objectives, a team at the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) developed an economical display system using a combination of commodity hardware and customized software. In this paper we explain the requirements, design process, functions and best practices for constructing such displays. In addition, we explain how these systems can be used effectively with application examples.
Term-specific smoothing for the language modeling approach to information retrieval: the importance of a query term

This paper follows a formal approach to information retrieval based on statistical language models. By introducing some simple reformulations of the basic language modeling approach we introduce the notion of importance of a query term. The importance of a query term is an unknown parameter that explicitly models which of the query terms are generated from the relevant documents (the important terms), and which are not (the unimportant terms). The new language modeling approach is shown to explain a number of practical facts of today's information retrieval systems that are not very well explained by the current state of information retrieval theory, including stop words, mandatory terms, coordination level ranking and retrieval using phrases.