Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of school music education: The experiences of four Catalan citizens

This study examines the impact made by music education on a sample of Catalan citizens who studied this subject during their compulsory schooling. A biographical narrative methodology was used to investigate a broad spectrum of the participants’ school musical experiences and to analyze the impact that music education has had on different aspects of their lives. Their perceptions and experiences, collected and expressed through life stories, show a correlation between the theoretical approach to learning music adopted by teachers and its little impact on the participants’ lives. Their stories also bring to light the difficulties involved in identifying and distinguishing the existing impact between both in-school and extracurricular music education but identify emotional impact as the most relevant one overall. Based on the evidence provided, this article aims to contribute to the debate on the role of music education on the school curriculum.
Superior–Subordinate Aggressive Communication Among Catholic Priests and Sisters in the United States

The Roman Catholic Church is one of the world’s largest and oldest organizations, yet communication among its members serving in ecclesiastical occupations (e.g., priests) remains relatively unexplored. The present study addresses this paucity of research by examining the relationship between 145 U.S. priests’ and sisters’ perceptions of their religious superiors’ aggressive communication and perceptions of the superiors’ credibility, as well as their own experiences of job and vocational satisfaction, motivation, and organizational commitment. Results indicated that superior verbal aggressiveness was associated with priests’ and sisters’ job motivation, organizational commitment, and perceptions of superior credibility, whereas superior argumentativeness only predicted perceptions of superior competence. The pattern of findings also suggests that superior aggressive communication functions differently across the ecclesiastical occupations studied, with diocesan priests appearing to be most influenced by their superiors’ aggressive communication and sisters seemingly the least influenced. Implications for management and organizational communication research and the Catholic Church are discussed.
Necessary procedure on thyroid surgery : Reinnervation of recurrent laryngeal nerve

anastomosis procedure was end-to-end anstomosis in 4 cases, nerve interposition in 3 cases, and ansa cervicalis to recurrent laryngeal nerve anastomosis in 19 cases. Postoperative mean MPT was 16.4 seconds（range: 9.2 to 22.5 seconds）. A signiﬁcant diﬀerence in MPT was observed between the reinnervation group and non-reconstruction group. Simultaneous reinnervation of recurrent laryngeal nerve is eﬀective and should be learned for thyroid surgeons.
Portuguese Version of the Continuing Bonds Scale–16 in a Sample of Bereaved Parents

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Continuing Bonds Scale–16 (CBS-16) in a sample of Portuguese-speaking bereaved parents. The sample comprised 355 parents (mean age: 40.52 years) who completed the CBS-16 as well as measures of grief and posttraumatic growth. The exploratory factor analysis suggested a two-factor structure (internalized and externalized continuing bonds), which was also supported through a confirmatory factor analysis. The CBS-16 presented satisfactory reliability, as well as construct, convergent, and known-groups validities. These results support the use of the CBS-16 as an adequate measure of continuing bonds among bereaved parents.
Empathy and Exposure to Credible Religious Acts during Childhood Independently Predict Religiosity

ABSTRACT Where do religious beliefs come from, and what predisposes people to believe in the supernatural remains an open question in the science of religion. Contemporary theories explaining religion typically focus on either evolved biological dispositions or social factors. In the current research, we were interested in how individual differences in emotional empathic concern and the social learning mechanism of being exposed to credible religious acts during childhood interplay to predict religiosity. The study conducted among Polish adults (N = 379) demonstrated that both empathy and childhood experience were positively related to every dimension of the centrality of religiosity. Moreover, it was observed that for all investigated dimensions (except for religious public practice), both empathy and religious social learning were significant and independent predictors. We also found no evidence that empathy moderates the relationship between childhood religious experience and general religiosity. Finally, we also conducted a relative importance analysis to determine the incremental validity of both factors in their prediction of religiosity. It was revealed that being exposed to credible religious acts explained substantially more variance in religiosity than empathy. Altogether, these findings suggest that there are at least two independent factors associated with the emergence of religious belief. One is an individual disposition to feel other-oriented emotions, while the other is a social factor of being exposed to credible religious models during one’s upbringing.
GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION: CHANGE IN ETIOLOGY

Objective: To determine the frequency of various aetiologies of Gastric Outlet Obstruction. Design & Duration: Prospective study carried out from July 2000 to September 2006. Setting: Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi and Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad. Patients: All patients who presented with Gastric Outlet Obstruction. Methodology: The data of all the patients who presented with the features of Gastric Outlet Obstruction during the above mentioned period was collected. This data was analyzed with specific reference to recent trends in its aetiology. This change in trend was compared with other local and international studies. Results: Fifty two patients, 25 from Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi and 27 from Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad were included in the study. All patients underwent upper GI endoscopy and biopsy; 40 cases were diagnosed by this method and the remaining by CT scan or laparotomy. Gastric carcinoma was the most common cause of Gastric Outlet Obstruction seen in 35% of the cases. The next common aetiology was peptic ulcer disease which was responsible for 29% of the patients. Conclusion: The ratio between benign and malignant aetiologies of Gastric Outlet Obstruction is showing a gradual change in favour of malignant lesions. This change is similar to the trends reported in the western literature.
Relationship between the plasma total homocysteine levels and skipping breakfast during pregnancy

Purpose The frequency of skipping breakfast among reproductive-age women has been increasing in Japan. Skipping breakfast was reported to result in low intake of several nutrients including folate and vitamins required for fetal development and the prevention of pregnancy complications. A high total homocysteine (tHcy) level, which occurs in association with a folate and vitamin B12 deficiency, can lead to adverse perinatal outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine whether skipping breakfast during pregnancy is associated with the folate and vitamin B12 intake, circulating tHcy, folate and vitamin B12 levels. Methods Two hundred and fifty-four healthy women with a singleton pregnancy (age: 30.4±4.7, gestational age: 27.5±9.6 weeks) were recruited from a prenatal clinic in metropolitan Tokyo, Japan. The plasma tHcy, serum folate and vitamin B12 levels were measured. The nutrient intake was assessed using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Information on lifestyle factors relevant to tHcy levels and skipping breakfast was obtained from the questionnaire. We defined skipping breakfast as forgoing breakfast including a staple food, such as rice or bread, more than twice a week during the preceding 1-month period. A multiple regression analysis was performed to determine whether skipping breakfast was associated with plasma tHcy levels, after adjusting for confounding variables. Results Thirty percent of the participants skipped breakfast more than twice a week. The rate of primipara was higher than multipara among breakfast skippers (p=0.005). Skipping breakfast was associated with high plasma tHcy levels among the pregnant women after adjusting for confounding factors, including serum folate and vitamin B12 levels (p=0.024). Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in the energy-adjusted intake of folate and vitamin B12 or in serum folate and vitamin B12 levels between the breakfast skippers and the non-skippers. Conclusion The relationship between the plasma tHcy levels and skipping breakfast could not be explained by the low levels of serum folate and vitamin B12 among the breakfast skippers, in contrast to our hypothesis. However, our results indicated that any factors relevant to skipping breakfast may affect the tHcy levels during pregnancy. Therefore, health care providers may need to pay closer attention to whether pregnant women have breakfast or not, in order to prevent increased tHcy levels.
Experiences of pre-service English teachers gained through community service learning in kindergartens

Many authors agree that community service learning should be integrated into pre-service teacher education in order to achieve the maximum positive impact on the next generation of teachers. This study aims at inquiring the experiences of pre-service English teachers gained through community service learning. The study is based on qualitative case study design. Qualitative data were collected using participant portfolios from 40 pre-service English teachers in ELT Department who kept portfolios throughout their observations of eleven weeks. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis method by coding and creating categories/themes. Results showed that pre-service teachers faced some problems during the process of community service. However, their practices through community service learning in kindergartens helped them gain various experiences which will contribute a lot to their future teaching careers. The evaluative feedback stressed marked improvement in the quality of the student learning and engagement experiences. It is hoped that the experiences of pre-service English teachers engaged in the portfolio development process will help other educators who are implementing portfolios within teacher education programs. The results of this study also provide important information for both policy-makers interested in the reform of pre-service teacher education and practicing teacher educators focused on achieving the goals of pre-service teacher education through the use of community service learning .
Experiences of Female Commercial Sex Workers in Marabastad, Pretoria

This paper discusses critically the experiences of the female commercial sex workers in Marabastad, Pretoria in South Africa. Even though commercial sex work is illegal in South Africa, evidence suggests that some women practice it owing to various factors and an investigative analysis of engaging in such an illegal activity in South Africa needs thorough investigation. This paper aims at providing synthesis on the bio-psychosocial benefits and risks of commercial sex work for women involved in it. A qualitative research approach was adopted which purposely interviewed nine women who practised commercial sex work in Marabastad. Due to secrecy in commercial sex work, snowball sampling was also employed to ensure that only women involved in the practice would be accessed to reach data saturation point for the study. Data were analysed thematically to capture the experiences of women. The findings showed that even though women practise commercial sex work in Marabastad, risks are more experienced than the benefits. Unpleasant life circumstances were revealed as the most compelling reasons women practised commercial sex work despite the inevitable bio-psychosocial consequences. This paper recommends various multi-sectorial approaches to ameliorate the consequences experienced by women practicing commercial sex work in Marabastad in South Africa.
A Lexical Profile Analysis of a Diagnostic Writing Assessment: The Relationship between Lexical Profiles and Writing Proficiency

Effective use of vocabulary contributes to academic language proficiency and academic success (Douglas, 2013). Sophisticated vocabulary use relates to increased quality of writing (Laufer & Nation, 1995; Kyle & Crossley, 2015). However, it is unclear which lexical sophistication characteristics contribute to writing quality assessments. Furthermore, previous studies focused on general assessments, rather than English for Specific Purposes diagnostic assessments which aid in early intervention for academic support. The present study investigates the relationship between vocabulary sophistication indices and writing scores (N = 353) on a post-entry university diagnostic test for engineers (Fox & Artemeva, 2017). Multiple lexical sophistication approaches were compared to writing scores and differences in lexical profile characteristics of successful and unsuccessful students were compared. Results indicated that samples of successful writing have a higher presence of tokens, types, lexical stretch, academic vocabulary and formulaic language. The findings have pedagogical implications for remedial writing instruction of engineering students.
Citizenship, Marginalisation and Youth Offending: Acceptance, Responsibility and Resettlement

Despite a fall in recorded crime in the UK in recent years, youth offending continues to present itself as a social problem in many communities and has become an issue of serious concern for practitioners, politicians, and policymakers alike. Where educational programmes have been utilised to address recidivism, a focus on developing aspects of personally responsible citizenship has dominated. This article presents the findings of one such programme, which was designed to deliver a residential care and support package to young males (aged 16–18) with the aim of reducing their likelihood of re-offending. More specifically, the article provides insight into some of the key elements of the ‘journey to citizenship’ that these young men undertook highlighting how the initiation of interpersonal relationships around notions of acceptance and recognition, provided the foundations upon which personally responsible citizenship might be constructed.
Non-Occupational Risk Factors for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Review

Context: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common neuropathy accounting for up to 90% of all entrapment neuropathies of the upper limb. Identifying potential risk factors might aid in the prevention of this injury. This systematic review aims to identify the current known non-occupational risk factors for CTS as published in three electronic databases. EvidenceAcquisition: Three electronic databases PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and SpringerLink were searched using the keywords “CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME RISK” for all published articles up to September 2015. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2755 unique titles were independently analyzed and narrowed to a final list of 83 articles. Only articles with a level of evidence of I, II, or III were included, in accordance with robust study design and data analysis methods. The level of certainty for each risk factor was determined using previously defined criteria. Results: A total of 83 articles were included, which defined 29 individual, non-occupational risk factors. Only sex and previous musculoskeletal disorder/injury were found to have a moderate level of certainty to modify the risk of CTS. All other risk factors were evaluated as having a low level of certainty. Conclusions: Considering the large number of studies reporting on non-occupational CTS risk factors as well as the differences in reporting between studies, a lack of consistency is observed in the current review. This review does, however, offer a broad outlook on the literature and the current evidence for risk factors commonly believed to be associated with altered CTS risk. Although several risk factors are commonly believed to be associated with altered risk of CTS, the current evidence to support these beliefs is limited. Prospective cohort studies, larger sample sizes, and consistent and robust measures of risk should be used in future research.
Feeling Empathically Toward Other People and the Self: The Role of Perspective Shifting in Emotion Sharing and Self-Reassurance

Feeling one’s own emotions empathically when negative thoughts about the self arise, a defining element of self-reassurance, promotes resilience to prolonged emotional reactivity. We propose that feeling empathically toward the self is accomplished by first stepping into the shoes of an objectified, undesired self-aspect, after which the process of perspective shifting should be completed by reengaging the self to experience the moment in the first person. We hypothesize that the resumption of the egocentric perspective in perspective shifting, a cognitive characteristic of sharing other people’s emotions, is crucial for self-reassurance as well. The relationships among flexibility in perspective shifting, self-reassurance, and emotion sharing were examined in community participants. Our results show that quickly switching back to a visuospatial egocentric perspective after adopting an opposing perspective relates to self-reassurance and emotion sharing. We conclude that both reassuring the self and empathizing with other people involve flexibility in perspective shifting.
The safety of carotid artery surgery and stenting

Introduction Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) remains the standard of care for patients with greater than 50% symptomatic carotid artery stenosis to prevent recurrent stroke. The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) compared the safety and efficacy of carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS), with CEA. This thesis aims to determine which baseline patient characteristics, processes of care or vascular anatomical variants are associated with risk of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) or death within 30 days of either procedure, and whether existing models to predict the risk of these complications performed well in ICSS patients. Methods ICSS was a multicentre international randomized controlled open trial. Medically stable patients with >50% symptomatic carotid artery stenosis due to atherosclerosis were randomized to either CAS or CEA. Procedures were carried out by accredited operators according to trial protocol. Results Women in ICSS experienced a higher risk of stroke, (MI) or death within 30 days of CEA, although sex was not an independent risk factor for this endpoint. They also experienced a significantly higher risk of haematoma and cranial nerve palsy after surgery. The risk of surgery was not significantly influenced by type of anaesthesia, surgical reconstruction or shunt use. The risk of stroke, MI or death following CAS rose with increasing age and was higher with open-cell design stents. The risk of CAS was not influenced by vascular anatomical variation seen on pre-stenting catheter angiography. Cerebral protection devices (CPDs), designed to prevent debris causing stroke, did not protect against periprocedural stroke. Existing risk scores for CEA and CAS tested in ICSS had insufficient power to discriminate between low- and high-risk groups. Conclusions New methods of predicting the risk of carotid revascularization are needed to allow patients and clinicians to make informed choices about treatment for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis.
Target templates in singleton search vs. feature-based search modes

ABSTRACT It is well-known that visual attention can be tuned in a top-down controlled manner to various attributes. Amongst other search strategies, previous research has identified a feature search mode in which attention is tuned to the target feature (e.g., colour) vs. a singleton search mode, where all salient items can attract attention. A short review of the literature reveals that singleton search mode is not regularly applied in single-target search, but could play a role in two-target search. Here we critically tested whether results suggesting singleton search could alternatively be due to top-down tuning to different attributes of the targets (e.g., luminance). The results of the first experiment show a mixture of attentional tuning to the target colours (red, green), as well as luminance (darker), and residual singleton capture. A second experiment shows that such mixed results can be obtained in the standard paradigm, with only small changes to the stimuli. These results cannot be coherently described within a single mental representation, and are therefore difficult to reconcile with the notion of a target template. Non-representational theories such as feature map theories seem better equipped to explain mixed search results, which could be a decisive weakness of representational theories.
Efficacy of rociletinib (CO-1686) in plasma-genotyped T790M-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (pts).

8001 Background: Rociletinib is an oral inhibitor of mutant EGFR, including the T790M resistance mutation. We reported robust activity in T790M positive pts identified by tumor genotyping treated at 500mg-1000mg BID (active doses) [NCT01526928]. We now present data from the pt subset with T790M detected by plasma genotyping. Methods: For the overall phase 1/2 study, pts had EGFR-mutant NSCLC and treatment with ≥ 1 EGFR inhibitor, ECOG PS 0-1. Brain metastases were allowed. In phase 2, T790M pos by central tumor genotyping was required. Plasma EGFR status was assessed by BEAMing (Sysmex), a quantitative assay using emulsion PCR then flow cytometry. Results: 345 pts were enrolled at active doses, median age 62 yrs, 66% female, 69% ECOG 1, 87% from US sites, median prior therapies 3 (45% ≥ 2 prior TKIs). Response data are available for 219 with tissue genotyping and 113 with plasma genotyping. The RECIST objective response rate (ORR) was ~48% in T790M pos pts, regardless of genotyping method. ORR was 33-36% .
Psikologi anak (Psikologi perkembangan)

Buku ini mengemukakan sketsa mengenai alam kehidupan anak, antara lain prinsip-prinsip perkembangan, bentuk aktivitas anak sebagai usaha atau striving, anak sebagai individu dan sebagai makhluk sosial, interaksi antara lingkungan dan faktor-faktor herediter, perkembangan sebagai produk dari usaha belajar, saat kritis dalam periode perkembangan, dan lin-lain. Maksud penyajian buku ini adalah agar kita memperoleh pengertian yang lebih luas tentang hakekat anak dan mendapatkan wawasan mengenai arti dari pegaruh yang timbal balik di antara orang tua dengan anaknya.