Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Marketing Strategies and Management System of Islamic Banks: Evidence from BIBD Bank, Brunei Darussalam

The objective of this study is to identify to what extent, the waiting queue system of the banking system has a significant impact on customer satisfaction along with testing how and why a long length of time in the queue system is necessary for every customer. This study has constructed a structured interview comprised of twelve (12) components; to get exact information and perception from customers of Bank Islam Brunei Darussalam (BIBD) Berhad. This structured interview consists of five main different segments of questions; Branch Appearance, Branch Staff, Digital Banking, Call Center, and General Questions. This study develops a convenience sampling technique for the sample above 18 years of holding and a valid bank account. The construct analysis through mediation regression analysis is used to elaborate on analytic scores such as written numbers, equations, and figures without any kind of analytical diagrams for BIBD Islamic bank customers. The results of this study describe that all the variables are statistically significant to expect two variables such as banking services and digital banking. Whereas, most domestic and foreign customers are not satisfied with this waiting queue system. This study is unique in its nature and domain as we didn’t find any comprehensive study on this topic in the context of BIBD bank customers’ perceptions regarding the waiting queue system inside and outside of the bank.
Core level ligand field splittings in photoelectron spectra

An electrostatic model is developed to explain the recently characterized ligand field splittings observed in the core level photoelectron spectra of main group compounds. As for the nuclear electric field gradient splittings observed by Mössbauer and n.q. r. spectroscopy, we show that the electronic splittings also originate from the asymmetric part of the ligand field. Moreover, this ligand field can be divided into the two terms analogous to those used to describe the nuclear electric field gradient splitting: the valence term, eqv, due to the non-uniform population of the valence p, d or f orbitals on the atom M of interest; and the point charge or ligand term, eq1, due to the non-cubic orientation of ligand point charges about M. Other ‘cross’ terms which are not present for the nuclear splitting are assumed to be small. We calculate the ligand term, eq1, for the alkali and halide outer p orbitals in the alkali halides, the T1 5d orbitals in TlCl, and the Au 4f orbitals in AuCl-2. Wherever experimental results are available, our calculations are in reasonable agreement. The splittings due to eqv for a large number of p, d and f levels are then calculated using a 'pseudo-atomic’ approach with one adjustable parameter — the excess (or deficient) valence orbital population along the z-axis, Ap. The two terms are combined to calculate the core level splittings in Me2Zn, ZnCl2, Me2Cd and XeF2. Nuclear electric field gradients in these compounds are then calculated from the electronic splittings, and shown to be generally in reasonable agreement with experiment. The importance of open shell Sternheimer shielding—antishielding parameters on both the core electronic splitting and the nuclear splitting is explored and justified.
Physical therapy students’ perceptions for working with persons with mental illness in the USA

BACKGROUND: Physical therapists provide important services for improving health and function for the general population; however, physical therapy (PT) is infrequently accessed by persons with a primary diagnosis of severe mental illness (SMI). This study examined the attitudes of PT students before and during their participation in a service-learning (SL) program for people with SMI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional institutional review board approved qualitative study collected 1-h semi-structured qualitative interviews from seven graduates of a doctor of PT program. Participants were from a New Jersey University program in the USA who participated in an SMI SL experience. Participants were asked about participant attitudes toward people with SMI and their observations during a SL experience using an interview guide. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, and coded using interpretive phenomenological analysis by a team of researchers. This type of qualitative analysis aims to explore participants understanding of their experience without pre-conceived theoretical direction. Recordings, transcripts, and field notes were reviewed for recurring ideas that were summarized into codes. Through independent coding, reflexivity memos, and consensus meetings, data were further analyzed to identify themes. Investigator triangulation addressed differences and aided consensus development. RESULTS: Before the SL experience, the students reported negative perceptions about people with SMI and feelings of uncertainty and unpreparedness to work with this population. According to student reports, SL supported their personal and professional development and allowed them to see that PT services are beneficial for people with SMI. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that PT students have negative attitudes of people with SMI and feel unprepared to work with this population. The results also support SL as an effective strategy for helping students in their preparation for working with people with SMI.
Doppler Radar Observation of a Land-Breeze Cold Front

Abstract During the early morning hours of Ii January 1981, a very narrow, intense band of snow which had formed along the leading edge of a land-breeze cold front was viewed by CP-4 radar near Muskegon, Michigan. The front formed well inland and moved through the area from the northeast shortly after dawn. The driving force for the land breeze was the large temperature contrast that existed between radiationally-cooled air over the Northern Highlands of Lower Michigan, and the relatively warm, lake-modified air near the shore of Lake Michigan. The possibility that the observed snowband was associated with a mesoscale feature other than the land breeze is investigated. An analysis of minimum temperatures in the Great Lakes Region for 11 January 1981 shows that a strong temperature gradient existed over western Lower Michigan.This gradient reached a maximum value well inland rather than at the lake shore. Radar observations show the band to be over 80 km long and only 4 km wide, oriented roughly parallel t.
Why do Farmers in Nyaruguru District Adopt Organic Coffee Production Methods?

Purpose: Nyaruguru is the most southerly district in Rwanda, lying between the cities of Butare and Cyangugu and along the Burundian border. It is mountainous, containing part of the montane forest of Nyungwe, one of Rwanda's most popular tourist destinations. Innovation and adoption of new technologies in agriculture is one of the keys that should reduce poverty in that area. The aim of this study is to analyse the factors influencing farmer’s adoption of organic coffee production practices in Rwanda. Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design and a multi-stage sampling technique to select a sample for this study. However, a total sample size of 150 respondents was used. The functional form of the stochastic frontier production (or cost) model employed for this study is the Cobb-Douglas (C-D) functional form. In the analysis, descriptive statistics and a Tobit model were used with the help of STATA. Findings: The study found out that appropriate seeds and planting material is one of the most important factors in production. The findings of logit regression analysis also indicated that four factors such as education level, land size, farming experience, gender and enhanced soil fertility had positive and significant influence on adoption of organic coffee production practices. The demand for organic products creates new export opportunities. The market returns from organic agriculture can potentially contribute to local food security by increasing family incomes. Conclusion: The study conclude that the most common constraints to adoption of organic coffee production practices were lack stable and reliable market, high cost of inputs, lack of extension services, and inadequate capital. Recommendations: The study recommended that efforts aiming at promoting organic coffee production practices among smallholder’s farmers should focus on enhancement of farmer-awareness, provision of training and technical advice on organic farming practices. This can be achieved through agricultural extension services and developing information networks among farmers. Also, the government should strive to improve extension services through field visit and strive to stabilize coffee markets.
Global adaptive smoothing regression

: We propose an adaptive smoothing method for nonparamet- ric regression. The central idea of the proposed method is to “calibrate” the estimated function through an adaptive bandwidth function , which is a kind of intermediate solution between the global bandwidth (constant on the support) and the local bandwidth (variable with x ). This also allows to correct the bias of the local polynomial estimator, with some beneﬁts for the inference based on such estimators. Our method, which uses the Neu- ral Network technique in a preliminary (pilot) stage, is based on a rolling, plug-in, bandwidth selection procedure. It automatically reaches a trade- oﬀ between the eﬃciency of global smoothing and the adaptability of local smoothing. The consistency and the optimal convergence rate of the re- sulting bandwidth estimators are shown theoretically. A simulation study shows the performance of our method for ﬁnite sample size.
Chladni’s law for vibrating plates

The normal vibrational modes of free circular plates can be classified according to the number of nodal diameters m and the number of nodal circles n. Chladni observed that the addition of one nodal circle raised the frequency f about the same amount as adding two nodal diameters, and Rayleigh pointed out that f is proportional to (m+2n)2 for large f. Waller, however, concluded that the number of nodal diameters necessary to raise the frequency as much as a nodal circle varies from two to five. We have examined data on the vibrations of flat and non‐flat circular plates and fitted their vibration frequencies to the relationship f = c(m+bn)k. By proper choice of c it is possible to satisfy Chladni’s law (b = 2, k = 2) over quite a wide range of frequency in flat plates. Non‐flat plates such as cymbals and bells, require different choices of b and k. A brief history of Chladni patterns, and suggestions for observing and demonstrating the vibrational modes of plates are included (AIP).
Efficient Arithmetic Block Identification With Graph Learning and Network-Flow

Arithmetic block identification in gate-level netlists plays an essential role for various purposes, including malicious logic detection, functional verification, or macro-block optimization. However, current methods usually suffer from either low performance or poor scalability. To address the issue, we come up with a novel framework based on graph learning and network flow analysis, that extracts desired logic components from a complete circuit netlist. We design a novel asynchronous bidirectional graph neural network (ABGNN) dedicated to representation learning on directed acyclic graphs. In addition, we develop a convex cost network-flow-based datapath extraction approach to match the predicted block inputs with predicted block outputs. Experimental results on open-source RISC-V CPU designs demonstrate that our proposed solution significantly outperforms several state-of-the-art arithmetic block identification flows.
Precise asymptotics in the Baum-Katz and Davis laws of large numbers

Let X, X1, X2,… be a sequence of i.i. d. random variables such that EX = 0, let Z be a random variable possessing a stable distribution G with exponent α, 1 < α ≤ 2, assume the distribution of X is attracted to G, and set Sn = X1 + ··· + Xn. We prove that∑n≥1nr/p−2P|Sn|≥en1/p∼e−(αp/(α−p))(r/p−1)pr−pE|Z|(αp/(α−p))(r/p−1)as e↘0,for 1 ≤ p < r < α, under the additional assumption that there is normal attraction to G, and that∑n≥11nP|Sn|≥en1/p∼αpα−p−logeas e↘0,for 1 ≤ p < α. We close with a related result for the limiting case α = r = p = 2.
FAST SURVEY PROCEDURES IN URBAN SCENARIOS: SOME TESTS WITH 360° CAMERAS

Abstract. The use of spherical cameras (with a field of view of 360°) is becoming increasingly popular for photogrammetric applications characterised by the opportunity to capture entire scenes in a relatively short time.This potential may be even more interesting for the digitisation of complex areas where, in addition to geometry, time, cost and social context play an important role.This contribution is part of this field of investigation by describing two experiments conducted on the use of an inexpensive 360° camera, the Insta360 OneX2, for the expeditious survey of residual spaces below road junctions.The area under investigation is a node in the city of Naples (Italy) located in the eastern area, considered particularly significant for the interaction between the geographical and infrastructural system.Two different approaches are tested starting from the acquisition of the spherical photographic dataset: the traditional one by means of photogrammetric software and the more economical and user-friendly one by employing the Matterport Capture application. Pros and cons of the two approaches are discussed: the first experimental results are encouraged and support the validity of the approach for surveying complex urban spaces.
Determining the Significance of Correlations Corrected for Unreliability and Range Restriction

A new asymptotic formula for estimating the sampling variance of a correlation coefficient corrected for unreliability and range restriction was proposed. A Monte Carlo assessment of the new sampling variance formula has resulted in the following conclusions. First, the formula-based (analytical) sampling variances were very close to the empirically derived sampling variances based on 5,000 replications. Second, the sampling variance formula was quite robust against committing Type I errors. Third, the statistical power was low to moderate in distinguishing between two unattenuated and unrestricted population correlations. Fourth, the new formula produced smaller sampling variances; was closer to nominal alpha levels; and was more powerful when sample size increased, when the population correlation coefficient increased, when range restriction was less severe, and when both the criterion and predictor reliabilities increased.
Changing climate sensitivity of secondary growth following extreme drought events in forest ecosystems: a global analysis

Understanding tree-response to extreme drought events is imperative for maintaining forest ecosystem services under climate change. While tree-ring derived secondary growth measurements are often used to estimate direct and lagging drought impacts, so-called drought legacies, underlying physiological responses remain difficult to constrain across species and site conditions. As extreme droughts may alter the functioning of plants in terms of resource allocation being shifted towards repair and physiological adjustments, climate control on growth may consequently be altered until physiological recovery is completed. In this context, we here advance the concept of drought legacy effects by quantifying ‘functional legacies’ as climate sensitivity deviations (CSD) of secondary growth after droughts, i.e. temporary alterations of climate-growth relations. We quantified climate sensitivity deviations after extreme drought events by applying linear mixed-effects models to a global-scale, multi-species tree-ring dataset and differentiated responses by clades, site aridity and hydraulic safety margins (HSMs). We found that while direct secondary growth legacies were common across these groups, responses in post-drought climate sensitivity deviations were nuanced. Gymnosperms showed weaker coupling between secondary growth and the dominant climatic driver after droughts, a response that was narrowed down to gymnosperms with a small HSM, i.e. risky hydraulic strategy. In comparison, angiosperms instead showed stronger coupling between secondary growth and the dominant climatic driver following droughts, which was narrowed down to the angiosperms growing in arid sites. These results are consistent with current understanding of physiological impairment and carbon reallocation mechanisms, and the distinct functional responses suggest functional legacies quantified by climate sensitivity deviations is a promising avenue for detecting and thus studying physiological mechanisms underlying drought-responses in tree growth on large scales.
Immunogenicity and 1-year boostability of a three-dose intramuscular rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis schedule in adults receiving immunosuppressive monotherapy: a prospective single-centre clinical trial

Abstract Background For immunocompromised patients (ICPs), administration of rabies immunoglobulins (RIG) after exposure is still recommended regardless of prior vaccination, due to a lack of data. We aimed to assess the 1-year boostability of a three-dose rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) schedule in individuals using immunosuppressive monotherapy. Methods In this prospective study, individuals on immunosuppressive monotherapy with a conventional immunomodulator (cIM) or a TNF-alpha inhibitor (TNFi) for a chronic inflammatory disease received a three-dose intramuscular PrEP schedule (days 0,7,21–28) with 1 mL Rabipur®, followed by a two-dose simulated post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) schedule (days 0,3) after 12 months. Rabies neutralizing antibodies were assessed at baseline, on day 21–28 (before the third PrEP dose), day 60, month 12 and month 12 + 7 days. The primary outcome was 1-year boostability, defined as the proportion of patients with a neutralizing antibody titre of ≥ 0.5 IU/mL at month 12 + 7 days. Secondary outcomes were geometric mean titres (GMTs) and factors associated with the primary endpoint. Results We included 56 individuals, of whom 52 completed the study. The 1-year boostability was 90% (47/52) with a GMT of 6.16 (95% CI 3.83–9.91). All participants seroconverted at some point in the study. Early response to PrEP (at day 21–28) was significantly associated with 100% boostability (Odds Ratio 51; 95% confidence interval [5.0–6956], P < 0.01). The vaccination schedule was safe and well tolerated. No vaccine-related serious adverse events occurred. Conclusion In patients using immunosuppressive monotherapy, a three-dose rabies PrEP schedule followed by a two-dose PEP schedule is immunogenic, with all patients seroconverting at some point in the study. Although boostability 7 days after PEP was not 100%, nobody would wrongly be denied RIG when only administered to those who responded early to PrEP while reducing the administration of RIG by 73%.
Approximation by simple partial fractions with constraints on the poles. II

It is shown that if a compact set not separating the plane lies in the union of the bounded components of the complement of another compact set , then the simple partial fractions (the logarithmic derivatives of polynomials) with poles in are dense in the space of functions that are continuous on and analytic in its interior. It is also shown that if a compact set with connected complement lies in the complement of the closure of a doubly connected domain with bounded connected components of the boundary and , then the differences of the simple partial fractions such that has its poles in and has its poles in are dense in the space . Bibliography: 9 titles.
Robust Bayesian Model Selection for Autoregressive Processes with Additive Outliers

Abstract Autoregressive (AR) models of order k are often used for forecasting and control of time series, as well as for the estimation of functionals such as the spectrum. Here we propose a method that consists of calculating the posterior probabilities of the competing AR(k) models in a way that is robust to outliers, and then obtaining the predictive distributions of quantities of interest, such as future observations and the spectrum, as a weighted average of the predictive distributions conditional on each model. This method is based on the idea of robust Bayes factors, calculated by replacing the likelihood for the nominal model by a robust likelihood. It draws on and synthesizes several recent research advances, namely robust filtering and the Laplace method for integrals, modified to take account of the finite range of the parameters. The method performs well in simulation experiments and on real and artificial data. Software is available from StatLib.
Extent, patterns, and drivers of hypoxia in the world's streams and rivers

Hypoxia in coastal waters and lakes is widely recognized as a detrimental environmental issue, yet we lack a comparable understanding of hypoxia in rivers. We investigated controls on hypoxia using 118 million paired observations of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and water temperature in over 125,000 locations in rivers from 93 countries. We found hypoxia (DO < 2 mg L−1) in 12.6% of all river sites across 53 countries, but no consistent trend in prevalence since 1950. High‐frequency data reveal a 3‐h median duration of hypoxic events which are most likely to initiate at night. River attributes were better predictors of riverine hypoxia occurrence than watershed land cover, topography, and climate characteristics. Hypoxia was more likely to occur in warmer, smaller, and lower‐gradient rivers, particularly those draining urban or wetland land cover. Our findings suggest that riverine hypoxia and the resulting impacts on ecosystems may be more pervasive than previously assumed.
Drag on a small sphere moving through a gas

An approximate theoretical solution is presented for the drag force on a small sphere moving through a gas. The result is based on a moment solution to the Boltzmann equation which places no restriction on the Knudsen number. The equation which is obtained for the drag force reduces to the exact solution in the case of both large and small Knudsen number and gives excellent agreement with experimental data.
Communication Technology and Social Support to Navigate Work/Life Conflict During Covid-19 and Beyond

Drawing on a national survey of 447 U.S. workers who transitioned to remote work during COVID-19, this study examined how different types of communication technologies (CTs) used for work and private life were associated with work/life conflicts and perceptions of social support across different relationship types (coworker, family, and friends). Findings indicated that work/life conflicts became aggravated when the use of CTs violated relational norms (e.g., mobile texting with coworkers and emailing with family and friends). On the other hand, uses of CTs that were perceived to offer access to social support (e.g., instant messaging with coworkers and friends) were related to lower work/life conflict. Social media (e.g., Facebook) had a direct relationship to higher work/life conflict, but an indirect relationship to lower work/life conflict through social support. Overall, findings suggest that individuals attempt to create work/life boundaries by selecting specific CTs when physical work/life boundaries are collapsed.