Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Housing emissions of NH3, N2O and CH4 and outdoor emissions of CH4 and N2O from organic broilers

This study presents an assessment of gaseous emissions from an organic broiler production system composed of a broiler house and an outdoor run. In the house, concentrations of NH3, N2O, CH4, CO2 and H2O were monitored during 56 days over 3 discontinuous periods. To assess gaseous emissions, both indoor and outdoor gas concentrations were monitored using a photo-acoustic infrared analyser (INNOVA 1312). Air flow rates were estimated using SF6 tracer gas. Mass balances were also performed with zootechnical data to validate the measurements and interpolate data between measurement periods. Outdoor N2O and CH4 emissions were measured using manual static chambers placed on the outdoor run. In the house, emissions were 130 mg NH3 day-1 broiler-1, 46 mg N2O day-1 broiler-1 and 13 mg CH4 day-1 broiler-1 . Indoor NH3 emissions were lower than for broilers raised in confinement, which can be explained by the access to the outdoor run. On the outdoor run, emissions of N2O and CH4 were low and close to background fluxes (< 40 ng s-1 m-2). Emission peaks were occasionally detected, especially in chambers close to the house where the density of droppings was higher. With good assessment of dropping distribution on the outdoor run, emissions of CH4 and N2O could be extrapolated over the whole rearing period at the outdoor run scale
“Whiriwhiria, kia ora ai te tamaiti”: an exploration of mātauranga Māori to support day-to-day learning in five primary schools in regional New Zealand

This study explores how a purposively selected sample of mainstream primary schools in regional New Zealand incorporate mātauranga Māori (traditional Māori (Indigenous people of New Zealand) knowledge) into school life to support successful learning. Qualitative semi-structured interviews with five principals of low advantage schools with high Māori student populations identified six themes focused on creating a curriculum built around Te Ao Māori (Māori worldview). They were mainstream curriculum not fit for purpose for Māori learners, blending of mātauranga Māori and western knowledge, mātauranga Māori as learning and educational experiences, mātauranga ā-iwi (local Māori knowledge) and achievement fit for tamariki (children). Mātauranga Māori is incorporated into these schools’ environment to support learning, but the mainstream curriculum can be a challenge for schools wishing to promote Māori ways of being. Some schools, however, supported a He Awa Whiria (braided rivers) approach to education, the interweaving of both western practices and mātauranga Māori.
Effect of Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Cognitive Status in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Modifiable factors associated with cognitive decline (CD) require more attention, particularly dietary patterns. This study aimed to investigate the link between cognitive decline and associated factors, particularly dietary patterns (DPs), in community-dwelling older Lebanese of modest economic status. Our cross-sectional national study included 352 participants above 60 years old, from the medico-social centers of the ministry of social affairs all over the country. CD was screened based on literacy. Nutritional and dietary data were collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. DPs were extracted by the K-mean cluster analysis. CD was found in 32.7% and 61.5% of literate and illiterate groups, respectively. Identified DPs included a Westernized type and Mediterranean type, with high and moderate food intakes. In the context of literacy, independent factors associated with CD were age above 80 years, living in Beirut, frailty, and adopting a Westernized (OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.22–7.8) and a high-intake Mediterranean DP (OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.05–4.22). In the context of illiteracy, the same factors were associated with CD, but not DP nor frailty, with an age cut-off at 78 years. In a Lebanese sample of older adults, factors associated with CD depend on the level of literacy, with DP only associated with CD in the context of literacy.
Impact of premature coronary artery disease on adverse event risk following first percutaneous coronary intervention

Objectives We assessed differences in risk profile and 3-year outcome between patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for premature and non-premature coronary artery disease (CAD). Background The prevalence of CAD increases with age, yet some individuals develop obstructive CAD at younger age. Methods Among participants in four randomized all-comers PCI trials, without previous coronary revascularization or myocardial infarction (MI), we compared patients with premature (men <50 years; women <55 years) and non-premature CAD. Various clinical endpoints were assessed, including multivariate analyses. Results Of 6,171 patients, 887 (14.4%) suffered from premature CAD. These patients had fewer risk factors than patients with non-premature CAD, but were more often smokers (60.7% vs. 26.4%) and overweight (76.2% vs. 69.8%). In addition, premature CAD patients presented more often with ST-segment elevation MI and underwent less often treatment of multiple vessels, and calcified or bifurcated lesions. Furthermore, premature CAD patients had a lower all-cause mortality risk (adj.HR: 0.23, 95%-CI: 0.10–0.52; p < 0.001), but target vessel revascularization (adj.HR: 1.63, 95%-CI: 1.18–2.26; p = 0.003) and definite stent thrombosis risks (adj.HR: 2.24, 95%-CI: 1.06–4.72; p = 0.034) were higher. MACE rates showed no statistically significant difference (6.6% vs. 9.4%; adj.HR: 0.86, 95%-CI: 0.65–1.16; p = 0.33) Conclusions About one out of seven PCI patients was treated for premature CAD. These patients had less complex risk profiles than patients with non-premature CAD; yet, their risk of repeated revascularization and stent thrombosis was higher. As lifetime event risk of patients with premature CAD is known to be particularly high, further efforts should be made to improve modifiable risk factors such as smoking and overweight. TWENTE trials (TWENTE I, clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01066650), DUTCH PEERS (TWENTE II, NCT01331707), BIO-RESORT (TWENTE III, NCT01674803), and BIONYX (TWENTE IV, NCT02508714).
Are Late-Born Young Soccer Players Less Mature Than Their Early-Born Peers, Although No Differences in Physical and Technical Performance Are Evident?

The aim of the study was to compare the status of somatic maturity, anthropometry, strength, speed, and soccer-specific technical skills of players from leading youth soccer academies born in different quarters of the same calendar year. A total of 678 young male soccer players from eight leading Russian soccer academies took part in the study. The following anthropometric measures and physical characteristics were measured: height, weight, body mass index, countermovement jumps (CMJ), 5, 10, and 20 m sprints, speed dribbling, foot and body ball juggling, and short and long pass accuracy. The determination of somatic maturity as a percentage of projected adult height was collected. All subject dates of birth were divided into four quartiles according to the month of birth. The analysis of all data obtained was conducted both within the total sample and by quartiles of birth, according to the age group categories of 12–13 years, 14–15 years, and 16–17 years and the degree of somatic maturity. There was a widespread relative age effect, with 43.5% of early-born players and only 9.6% of late-born players representing the sample. Early-born players were more mature than late-born players (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001) but had no statistically significant differences in strength, speed, or soccer-specific skills.
Spatial issues on firm demography: an analysis for Argentina

Firm turnover (entry, exit and survival) inside manufacturing markets and the determinants of location of new ventures in a specific territory are relapsing subjects in the area of, respectively, Industrial Organization and Regional and Urban Economics. However, from beginnings of the nineties these subjects have recovered protagonism. The availability of better datasets, the advances in the Location Theories and Industrial Dynamics and the use of more sophisticated econometric tools (discrete choice, Poisson, panel data, etc.) help to explain the increasing interest of scholars in these subjects. This thesis project is set inside those perspectives and aims, on the one hand, to review the main theories and determinants that explain firm demography and, on the other hand, to explain the motivation and objectives for future research. The latter approaches some of the critical questions in this literature within the framework of a developing economy (Argentina). Using such empirical application constitutes a clear novelty inside an empirical literature centered in cases as Europe, North America or Japan, while very few empirical contributions do exist regarding countries out of these areas and, concretely, for developing countries.
Enhancing Cervical Pre-Cancerous Classification Using Advanced Vision Transformer

One of the most common types of cancer among in women is cervical cancer. Incidence and fatality rates are steadily rising, particularly in developing nations, due to a lack of screening facilities, experienced specialists, and public awareness. Visual inspection is used to screen for cervical cancer after the application of acetic acid (VIA), histopathology test, Papanicolaou (Pap) test, and human papillomavirus (HPV) test. The goal of this research is to employ a vision transformer (ViT) enhanced with shifted patch tokenization (SPT) techniques to create an integrated and robust system for automatic cervix-type identification. A vision transformer enhanced with shifted patch tokenization is used in this work to learn the distinct features between the three different cervical pre-cancerous types. The model was trained and tested on 8215 colposcopy images of the three types, obtained from the publicly available mobile-ODT dataset. The model was tested on 30% of the whole dataset and it showed a good generalization capability of 91% accuracy. The state-of-the art comparison indicated the outperformance of our model. The experimental results show that the suggested system can be employed as a decision support tool in the detection of the cervical pre-cancer transformation zone, particularly in low-resource settings with limited experience and resources.
Gut microbiota turn up the heat after bariatric surgery

Bariatric surgeries like vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) cause well-established shifts in the gut microbiota, but how this contributes to their unique metabolic benefits is poorly understood. Jin et al and Yadav et al now provide two complementary lines of evidence suggesting that gut microbiota-derived metabolites after VSG and RYGB activate thermogenesis in fat through distinct mechanisms, to in turn promote weight loss and/or improvements in glycemic control.
Development in Disaster-Prone Places: Studies of Vulnerability

This book addresses the long-overdue imbalance in disaster management: an over-emphasis on post-disaster assistance and a lack of attention to vulnerability reduction. It answers the fundamental question in this debate: how can we mould pre-disaster development initiatives to become the most appropriate means for vulnerability reduction The book reasserts and reapplies some of the basic concepts and issues which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, with the message that development is a prime medium both of vulnerability and its reduction. The author examines requirements for long-term change so that conditions which have become the context for catastrophe can be modified. By focusing on longer-term policies and activities now, emergency relief efforts have a positive context within which to contribute to development and the likelihood of recurrence will be reduced. The book contains case-studies from Sri Lanka, the Caribbean and the South Pacific and focuses on hazards of all kinds, setting out to redress the balance between large-scale disasters of global significance and small-scale disasters that are a matter of everyday existence.
A Multilayer Control Strategy for the Calais Canal

This article presents the design of a control strategy for the Calais canal, a navigation canal located in a lowland area in northern France that is affected by tides. Moreover, the available actuators are discrete-valued and the hierarchy of operational objectives is time-varying. All these circumstances render water level regulation of the Calais canal a challenging problem. In view of this situation, the design of the overall control architecture is divided into a sequence of structured tasks, which are distributed among layers. The upper layer determines the current operating mode based on the analysis of several environmental and operational aspects. Information regarding the current mode is taken into account at the intermediate layer to select the appropriate optimization-based control problem, which is solved using lexicographic minimization. The optimal control setpoints are determined and sent to the lower layer, where scheduling problems are solved to select low-level control actions from a finite set to minimize the mismatch with respect to the optimal setpoints. Different realistic simulation scenarios are tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Sex-Comparative Outcomes of the T-Branch Device for the Treatment of Complex Aortic Aneurysms

Introduction: Females are at increased risk of mortality compared to males after complex endovascular aortic repair. This study aims to examine sex-related peri-operative and follow-up outcomes in patients managed with the t-Branch device. Methods: A two-center retrospective analysis of patients managed with the off-the-shelf t-Branch device (Cook Medical Inc., Bjaeverskov, Denmark) between 1 January 2014 and 30 September 2020 was performed. Primary outcomes were sex-comparative 30-day mortality, major adverse events (MAEs) and spinal cord ischemia (SCI). Results: A total of 542 patients were included; 28.0% were females. Urgent repair and type I–III thoracoabdominal aneurysms were more common among females (52.6% vs. 34%, p = 0.01, and 57.1% vs. 35.8%, p = 0.004). Technical success was similar (97.4% vs. 96.9%, p = 0.755), as well as early mortality (16.2% in females vs. 10.8% in males; p = 0.084). SCI rates were similar between groups (13.6% vs. 9.2% p = 0.183). MAEs were more common in females; 33.7% vs. 21.4% (p = 0.022). Multivariate analysis did not identify sex as an independent predictor of adverse events. The 12-month survival rate was 75.7% (SE 0.045) for females and 84.1% (SE 0.026) for males (log rank, p = 0.10). Conclusions: Sex was not detected as an independent factor of mortality, MAEs and SCI within patients managed with the t-Branch device. Feasibility was high in both groups. No significant difference was shown in survival during the 12-month follow-up.
Design and psychometric evaluation of health system intervention assessment tools for children in floods

BACKGROUND: Flood is one of the most frequent disasters in Iran, which has highly affected the population and consequences on the health system. Children as the most vulnerable group too need to receive health services during floods. The aim of the present study was to develop a national tool for evaluating the provision of health services to children in floods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study is a sequential-exploratory mixed method study that consists of two qualitative and quantitative stages. The qualitative part includes the analysis of documents and panel of experts while the quantitative part includes the design and validation of the tools. RESULTS: In this study, organizations providing health services to children were first identified, and according to their mission the relevant items were extracted and the initial checklist was designed. Then validity and reliability of the tools were done. The content validity ratio and content validity index for the tool were 59 and 98%, respectively. Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient were determined as 0.7 and 0.964, respectively. The final tool was presented with 64 items. CONCLUSIONS: The response program, the scope of interventions, service coverage, and the effectiveness of the response after the flood can help reduce the risk of disasters in children. Using the assessment tool of evaluating the health services to children can assist the stakeholder organizations to meet the standards and best quality of services. Assessing the needs of the children affected by floods, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of health services, and proposing corrective strategies according to the information extracted from this tool are other achievements of this study.
Vitagnus an estrogen-riched herbal remedy used in sexual dysfunction: A randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Sexual dysfunction is a common problem in the postmenopausal period. Vitagnus is a phytoesterogen containing herb, which can bind to estrogen receptors and modulate their function. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of oral vitagnus solution on sexual dysfunction improvement among postmenopausal women in North Khorasan Province, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was a double-blind clinical trial on 60 retired female teachers who visited the retirement center of North Khorasan Province from December 2019 until January 2021. Sampling was done in a convenience sampling. Allocation of intervention and placebo groups was done randomly by marking as A and B codes, respectively. Eligible married women aged 50–70 years had received 40 drops of vitagnus or placebo daily for 8 weeks. Female Sexual Function Index was filled on the first day, fourth, sixth, and eighth week after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.23 and independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and repeated measure ANOVA were used for analyzing descriptive and inferential data. P < 0.05 was considered as a statistically significant threshold. RESULTS: Data from Bonferroni post hoc test indicated that the mean total sexual function did not differ between the two groups before and at the end of the fourth week of intervention, but scores of total sexual function showed a significant difference at the end of the sixth (P = 0/003) and eighth week (P = 0/001) of intervention. CONCLUSION: Vitagnus drops, as a simple, cheap, and available herbal supplement, could affect the sexual function of women aged 50–70 and improve it.
Guardians of Immunity: Advances in Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders and Management

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic conditions profoundly impacting immune function. The investigation spans various PID categories, offering insights into their distinct pathogenic mechanisms and clinical manifestations. Within the adaptive immune system, B-cell, T-cell, and combined immunodeficiencies are dissected, emphasizing their critical roles in orchestrating effective immune responses. In the realm of the innate immune system, focus is directed toward phagocytes and complement deficiencies, underscoring the pivotal roles of these components in initial defense against infections. Furthermore, the review delves into disorders of immune dysregulation, encompassing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X-linked(IPEX), and autoimmunity polyendocrinopathy candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy(APECED), elucidating the intricate interplay between immune tolerance and autoimmunity prevention. Diagnostic strategies for PIDs are explored, highlighting advancements in genetic and molecular techniques that enable precise identification of underlying genetic mutations and alterations in immune function. We have also outlined treatment modalities for PIDs, which often entail a multidisciplinary approach involving immunoglobulin replacement, antimicrobial prophylaxis, and, in select cases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Emerging therapies, including gene therapy, hold promise for targeted interventions. In essence, this review encapsulates the complexity of PIDs, emphasizing the critical importance of early diagnosis and tailored therapeutic interventions. As research advances, a clearer understanding of these disorders emerges, fostering optimism for enhanced patient care and management in the future.
Characterization of actinide bearing soils: top sixty centimeters of 216-Z- 9 enclosed trench

A program to examine the soil-actinide relationship in sediments from a disposal facility was initiated in March 1973. Initial work has been done using samples from the 216-Z-9 covered trench. Soil mounts were made of soil recovered from a core of an uncontaminated well drilled alongside Z-9 trench. The mounts were made by plastic-impregnating smaller, 1-in. diameter cores taken from the original 4-in. diameter cores. The uncontaminated mounts showed that the less than 30 mesh soil was composed of predominately metamorphic rock fragments of the Belt Series, brought down from northern Washington and Idaho by the ancestral Columbia River. Two 4-in. diameter cores, 2 ft in length. were taken from the floor of Z-9 trench. Smaller contaminated mounts were made from these original cores in the same manner as with the uncontaminated samples. Overlying one of these cores (4-- 11), was a sludge layer of silica, alumina and water. The other core (4-5) had no sludge layer. At least two types of plutonium were found in cores 4- 11 and 4- 5 by autoradiographic and microprobe examination. The plutonium particles (up to 10 mu m in diameter and 60 wt% PuO/sub 2/) were the most conspicuous form. These occurred nearmore » the top of the core 4- 11, but extended down nearly to the bottom of core 4--5. It is probable that the sludge layer over core 4-11 acted as a filtering media to remove and concentrate the plutonium particles. The second form of plutonium occurred in lesser concentration (<0.4 wt% PuO/sub 2/) but was found throughout the lengths of both cores associated with silicate hydrolysis. Silicate hydrolysis was investigated with microprobe chemical analysis. Loss of alkalies and alkaline earths, along with the absence of several metamorphic minerals found in the uncontaminated mounts, indicated extensive chemical attack of soil rock fragments by acidic influent solutions. The locations of the base of the silicate hydrolysis zone, and associated plutonium deposition, are presently unknown. (auth)« less
Fully Relativistic Electron Impact Excitation Cross-Section and Polarization for Tungsten Ions

Electron impact excitation of highly charged tungsten ions in the framework of a fully relativistic distorted wave approach is considered in this paper. Calculations of electron impact excitation cross-sections for the M- and L-shell transitions in the tungsten ions Wn+ (n = 44–66) and polarization of the decay of photons from the excited tungsten ions are briefly reviewed and discussed. New calculations in the wide range of incident electron energies are presented for M-shell transitions in the K-like through Ne-like tungsten ions.
Polyoxygenated Cembrane Diterpenoids from the Soft Coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi

Five new polyoxygenated cembranoids, named (+)-1,15-epoxy-2-methoxy-12-methoxycarbonyl-11E-sarcophytoxide (1), (+)-2-epi-12-methoxycarbonyl-11E-sarcophine (2), 3,4-epoxyehrenberoxide A (3), ehrenbergol D (4) and ehrenbergol E (5), were obtained from the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi. The structures of 1–5 were established on the basis of comprehensive NMR and HR-ESI-MS analyses and by comparison with reported data in the literature. Compounds 4 and 5 showed moderate cytotoxicity against P-388 (mouse lymphocytic leukemia) cancer cell line with EC50 values of 2.0 and 3.0 μM, respectively. Compound 2 exhibited slight antiviral activity against HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) with IC50 values of 25.0 μg/mL.