Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Challenging Time for Indonesia Government Bond During Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has hit various countries and impacted the bond market. The research aimed to analyze the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on government bond yields. The research contributed to developing a study on the influence of the Covid-19 outbreak on the bond market. Using an event study allowed observers to measure the impact of a particular event on financial securities. The method used was a differential test on a paired sample that tested the yield of government bonds before and after the announcement of the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample data used were the yields of government bonds at the end of 2019 and 2020. The research also used a selection of government bond yields in the Indonesia Bond Market Directory issued by the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results show a significant influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on government bond yields. All government bond yields sampled decrease. The most significant decline occurs in government bonds with a maturity period of 1 to 5 years. The research concludes that the Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant effect on reducing the yield of government bonds. Hence, it is recommended that the government keep low-interest rates in the short term so that the yield on government bonds with maturity in the short term remains stable.
QT Dispersion As A Predictor of Coronary Slow Flow in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Clinical Tool for An Invasively Diagnosed Entity

Background: QT dispersion is the interval between the longest QT (QTmax) as well as the shortest QT (QTmin) recorded on a surface 12-lead electrocardiogram. It has a predictive value for ventricular arrhythmias including patients with ischemic heart diseases as well. Coronary slow flow has been always an ambiguous entity on the scale of ischemic heart disease. The predictive value of QT dispersion for coronary slow flow may add a non-invasive tool for the identification of these patients. Objectives: Evaluation of QT dispersion in the prediction of coronary slow flow phenomena in patients having stable coronary artery disease experiencing coronary angiography. Results: In patients having coronary slow flow, QTc dispersion is prolonged. Conclusion: In patients having stable coronary artery disease, QTc dispersion can be employed as a simple non-invasive approach for predicting coronary slow flow; coronary slow flow is not necessarily associated with a benign course, as evidenced by the fact that these patients exhibit a prolonged QT dispersion.
Unitary Highest Weight Modules over Block Type Lie Algebras B ( q )

We classify the unitary quasiﬁnite irreducible highest weight modules over the Block type Lie algebras B ( q ) for all non-zero values of the parameter q . The algebra B ( q ) contains the Virasoro algebra as a subalgebra and thus is likely to have applications in conformal ﬁeld theory
Influence of Restorative Material on the Distribution of Loads to the Bone in Hybrid Abutment Crowns—In Vitro Study

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the load transmitted to the peri-implant bone by seven different restorative materials in single-unit rehabilitations with morse taper implants using a strain gauge. Materials: In a polyurethane block that simulated type III bone, a morse taper platform implant was installed (3.5 × 11 mm) in the center and 1 mm below the test base surface, and four strain gauges were installed around the implant, simulating the mesial, distal, buccal and lingual positions. Seven similar hybrid abutment crowns were crafted to simulate a lower premolar using different materials: 1—PMMA; 2—glass ceramic over resin matrix; 3—PEEK + lithium disilicate; 4—metal–ceramic; 5—lithium disilicate; 6—zirconia + feldspathic; 7—monolithic zirconia. All groups underwent axial and oblique loads (45 degrees) of 150 N from a universal testing machine. Five measurements (n = 5) were performed with each material and for each load type; the microdeformation data underwent statistical analysis. The data were obtained in microdeformation (με), and the significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the evaluation among the materials under either the axial load or the oblique load at 45 degrees. In turn, in the comparison between axial load and oblique load, there was a difference in load for all materials. Conclusion: The restorative material did not influence the load transmitted to the bone. Furthermore, the load transmitted to the bone was greater when it occurred obliquely at 45° regardless of the material used. In conclusion, it appeared that the different elastic modulus of each material did not influence the load transmission to the peri-implant bone.
Strain, loss of time, or even gain? A systematic review of technology-based work extending and its ambiguous impact on wellbeing, considering its frequency and duration

Especially in knowledge-intensive professions, workers engage in work-related communication and access digital work content outside of working hours. Scientific research on technology-based work extending has flourished in recent decades, but yielded inconclusive results about its relationship with workers’ wellbeing and focused on different temporal characteristics of the behaviour. Consequently, in this article, we address the question of whether different temporal characteristics of technology-based work extending, such as the frequency and duration of the behaviour, may have different consequences for workers’ wellbeing. In the course of a systematic literature review, we analyzed 78 empirical studies published between 2007 and 2021 that investigate the relationship between the self-rated frequency and the self-rated duration of work extending behaviours and 14 wellbeing indicators. Whereas most studies examined the frequency of work extending behaviours and its consequences, only 19 studies examined the effects of its duration. Based on our findings, we propose three effects: The strain effect of frequent work extending, the gain effect of sustained work extending, and the loss-of-private-time effect inherent to work extending and independent from its frequency and duration. Our findings not only provide in-depth information on a widespread contemporary behaviour and its psychological implications, we also reveal research gaps and shed light on behaviours associated with role transitions and thus contribute to boundary theory.
The Effect of Epidural Steroids on Postoperative Pain and Hospital Stay in Patients Having a Single-Level Lumbar Discectomy

OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of Epidural steroids on postoperative pain and hospital stay in patients having a single-level lumbar discectomy. METHODOLOGY A quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Neurosurgery department, Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex, Nowshera. Sixty patients with a mean age of 40.3±9.21 years were enrolled. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups: Group A patients were given intraoperative epidural methylprednisolone 80 mg, while Group B patients were given only normal saline. Pre- and post-operative pain was assessed after 6 hours, 12 hours and at the discharge time from the hospital. The duration of hospital stay was also noted. RESULTSOut of 60 patients, 55.0% were male, and 45.0% were female, with an overall mean age of 40.3±9.21 years. The VAS score in Group A was 0.82±0.26 compared to 2.30±0.71 in group B (P <0.000). And at first follow-up, the VAS score was 0.13±0.05 and 1.25±0.33 in groups A and B, respectively. The length of hospital stay was 1.39±0.44 and 1.98±2.50 in groups A and B, respectively. CONCLUSION Intra-operative epidural steroid is beneficial in reducing post-operative pain and hospital stay.
Dynamic Stark broadening of Lyman-α

Calculating lineshapes of atomic radiative transitions broadened by plasma is a complex problem lacking a general analytic solution, and several models have been suggested to treat it. Lyman-α is the simplest transition; paradoxically however, calculating the broadening of this spectral line in plasma results in a significant spread between different models. Here, we argue that the quasistatic broadening regime is never realized for the line core in a one-component plasma; instead, the broadening due to either electrons or ions alone evolves from the impact regime to another regime, also dynamical in nature. In the latter (referred to here as ‘rotational’ broadening), the linewidth only depends on the typical frequency of the plasma microfields and is independent of both the microfield magnitudes and the atomic properties of the transition. We also demonstrate that rotational broadening is asymptotically reached in the high-density/low-temperature limit by other transitions with an unshifted central component, such as the Balmer-α line. A simple expression is suggested interpolating between the two asymptotic regimes, applicable to broadening due to electrons and ions alike. The treatment is further extended to realistic two-component plasmas. Comparison to results of accurate computer simulations shows a good agreement over a very large range of plasma parameters, both for the case of one- and two-component plasmas.
Prediction of academic resilience in adolescents through academic, social and emotional self-efficacy and gender

This study aimed to investigate the predictive roles of gender and self-efficacy (academic, social, and emotional) on the academic resilience of adolescents. Participants consisted of 346 adolescents (227 girls and 119 boys). Data were collected through the Academic Resilience Scale, the Self-efficacy Scale for Children, and a demographic information form, and analyzed with an independent simple t test, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results showed that male adolescents achieved higher scores in academic resilience, social self efficacy, and emotional self-efficacy. Gender, academic self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, and emotional self-efficacy in sum accounted for 49% of the variance in academic resilience. All independent variables with the exception of gender (being male) were statistically significant predictors for academic resilience in adolescents. Increases in academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy were found to lead to enhanced academic resilience.
The effectiveness of personal preventive measures against occupational contact dermatitis in healthcare workers: A systematic review

Healthcare workers (HCWs) embody the principles of hand hygiene and protective attire to support self- and patient safety, but the materials involved in this process are found to be offending agents. The incidence of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) among HCWs keeps increasing. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, investigate the outcome and clinical skin condition improvement with the implementation of primary preventive measures (PPM), specifically: barrier cream, emollient, moisturiser, gloves use, and education. All relevant literature about PPM against OCD among HCWs published between 1995 to 2020 was searched. The data search was performed using the PUBMED, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect databases. There were 16 studies comprised of 8 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 7 clinical trials, and one comparative study. The study results showed that using barrier cream, moisturiser or emollient, gloves, and education were effective tools in reducing the number of clinical symptoms in cases of OCD. There was no significant difference in the effect between barrier cream use and moisturiser or emollient. The gloves were advised to be used non-latex gloves or powder-free latex gloves. Education was also observed to improve preventive behaviour among workers. The use of barrier cream, emollient, moisturiser, and gloves is recommended to be educated to ascertain the proper use of preventive measures, increase knowledge and awareness, and promote positive preventive behaviour.
LUCIANO GRECO

We describe a new Euro-stability bond that implies sovereign debt mutualization in the Eurozone without any significant short-term redistribution across countries or perverse incentives to fiscal profligacy. In a simple structural model of the economy, we theoretically show that the proposed Euro-stability bond is able to reproduce the market fiscal discipline while increasing the social welfare of all countries with respect to real market discipline. Relying on a GVAR model including the Eurozone countries, the U.S., Japan and China, we then analyze the future evolution of public debt (and other key macroeconomic variables) over time by comparing the predicted forecast in the baseline scenario and in a counterfactual scenario with the Euro-stability bond. We find no significant differences in the future path of interest expenditures-and public debt-to-GDP ratios in the two scenarios, but a consistent reduction in the uncertainty of the estimates in the counterfactual scenario (around 68 % on average after 5 years). The reduced uncertainty of forecasts of public debt and other macroeconomic variables highlights the capacity of the Euro-stability bond to immunize the Eurozone from classical macroeconomic instability shocks that derive by the very existence of high sovereign debts and the related significant rollover risk in a framework of decentralized fiscal policies. To this extent, we finally exploit the results of the GVAR model to assess the capacity of the proposed scheme to reduce the probability of adverse macroeconomic events.
OPTIMAL CLIMATE AND MONETARY-FISCAL POLICY IN A CLIMATE-DSGE FRAMEWORK

This paper points to the welfare enhancing effect of policies to regulate emissions in the face of climate shock. Fiscal and monetary policies alone would achieve suboptimal outcomes. We consider the Ramsey-optimal long-run and dynamic policy interactions between climate and fiscal-monetary policies in a climate-monetary DSGE model under sticky prices. In the model, the planner – on top of a fiscal and a monetary instrument – controls also a carbon tax (or, equivalently, an emission abatement technology) to manage emissions, and therefore temperatures and climate damages. In this setup, the presence of carbon taxation sharply reduces the fall in key macroeconomic variables such as output, consumption, and welfare, to a shock to emissions compared with the case without carbon taxation in place. We also show that it is essential to consider climate-specific shocks to appreciate the importance of carbon policies; the Ramsey optimal solution to typical TFP or government spending shocks is not very different whether or not the planner has access to carbon taxation. In the face of climate shocks, the optimal monetary is very similar to the one under no climate policy, while the optimal fiscal policy set distortionary labor income taxation at a lower rate, as the planner now raises revenue also through carbon taxes. Finally, in an extension of the model, we show that the optimal environmental implications can significantly change as we explicitly include climate fiscal outlays in the government budget constraint. As climate change becomes more costly for the government, the optimal abatement increases and the magnitude of carbon emissions and thus output damages decreases.
Stability of Centrality Measures in Social Network Analyses

Aim: To assess the stability of centrality measures used in social network analyses aimed at identifying long-lasting leaders from an indigenous boarding school. Methodology: Data was collected from children aged 6-14 years interviewed in 2005 and 2006. Children were asked to mention five peers to whom they communicated more. Analyses included computation of centrality scores and attribute-related density by sex and school grade with UCINET. Stability was assessed using kappa and correlation coefficients; leaders with scores in the fourth quartile were selected. Results: There were differences in density values by sex and grade in both years (p<0.01). Kappa coefficients were very low, but highest for closeness (0.15) and eigenvector (0.18); correlations ranged from 0.15 (betweeness) to 0.51 (closeness). The proportion of matching children with centrality scores in the fourth quartile between 2005 and 2006 was <12% in all centrality measures. Conclusion: Using centrality measures to identify stable leaders proved difficult in this indigenous school scenario; unless this approach is used on annual basis, the leaders selected in one year might not be the same in the next potentially limiting the impact of health promotion interventions based on this strategy.
Therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles derived from cardiac progenitor cells in rodent models of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy

Background Current treatments of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy (CCM) are of limited efficacy. We assessed whether repeated intravenous injections of human extracellular vesicles from cardiac progenitor cells (EV-CPC) could represent a new therapeutic option and whether EV manufacturing according to a Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)-compatible process did not impair their bioactivity. Methods Immuno-competent mice received intra-peritoneal injections (IP) of doxorubicin (DOX) (4 mg/kg each; cumulative dose: 12 mg/kg) and were then intravenously (IV) injected three times with EV-CPC (total dose: 30 billion). Cardiac function was assessed 9–11 weeks later by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) using strain as the primary end point. Then, immuno-competent rats received 5 IP injections of DOX (3 mg/kg each; cumulative dose 15 mg/kg) followed by 3 equal IV injections of GMP-EV (total dose: 100 billion). Cardiac function was assessed by two dimensional-echocardiography. Results In the chronic mouse model of CCM, DOX + placebo-injected hearts incurred a significant decline in basal (global, epi- and endocardial) circumferential strain compared with sham DOX-untreated mice (p = 0.043, p = 0.042, p = 0.048 respectively) while EV-CPC preserved these indices. Global longitudinal strain followed a similar pattern. In the rat model, IV injections of GMP-EV also preserved left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes compared with untreated controls. Conclusions Intravenously-injected extracellular vesicles derived from CPC have cardio-protective effects which may make them an attractive user-friendly option for the treatment of CCM.
THROUGHPUT AND BOTTLENECK ANALYSIS OF TANDEM QUEUES WITH NESTED SESSIONS

Various types of systems across a broad range of disciplines contain tandem queues with nested sessions. Strong dependence between the servers has proved to make such networks complicated and difficult to study. Exact analysis is in most of the cases intractable. Moreover, even when performance metrics such as the saturation throughput and the utilization rates of the servers are known, determining the limiting factor of such a network can be far from trivial. In our work, we present a simple, tractable and nevertheless relatively accurate method for approximating the above mentioned performance measurements for any server in a given network. In addition, we propose an extension to the intuitive “slowest server rule” for identification of the bottleneck, and show through extensive numerical experiments that this method works very well.
Common and threatened animal identification and conservation preferences among 6 to 12 year-old students

Abstract Biodiversity loss is one of the biggest environmental issues in the world today and the biodiversity literacy of citizens can be key to counteracting this. Considering that children can be change agents and actively take part in decision-making from early years, we have assessed the native fauna identification skills of Primary School students (aged 6–12 years-old; n = 1975) from northern Spain along with their conservation preferences regarding common and threatened species. We have observed that, despite students’ species literacy increasing with the education level, it remains overall very low. Besides, the conservation preferences of children are not exclusively guided by conservation priorities and, although are partially explained by species identification accuracy, other factors also seem to skew these preferences. These findings point out the need to properly address knowledge of local fauna from the early school years and the urgent need to provide children with the appropriate training regarding the characteristics to be taken into account when selecting species for protection and ensure their conservation.
Caffieine's Effect on Reaction Time Caffieine's Effect on Reaction Time

Caffeine is a supplement used daily by the majority of the American population, especially college-aged individuals. When used during studying, students perceive caffeine consumption can improve cognitive ability, primarily alertness, or reaction time. Purpose: To determine the impact of caffeine on reaction time in college-aged individuals, researchers hypothesized that increasing caffeine would positively affect reaction time. Methods : A total of twenty-three college-aged individuals (age = 21.74 ± 1.69 years, height = 174.47 ± 10.82cm, body mass = 81.65 ± 26.82kg) participated in a double-blind study. Participants were given either 0 mg, 200 mg, or 400 mg of caffeine in the form of pills, in a random order, to take one hour before the testing sessions. Each session included a reaction time test preprogrammed on a Senaptec Sensory Station and occurred on different days with their randomized caffeine amount. Results : There were no significant differences in reaction time based upon the amount of caffeine consumed when data was analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance tests ( F = .628, p = .470, η p2 = .021). Conclusions : Regardless of the number of students that consume caffeine regularly, this study's findings show that higher caffeine levels do not impact reaction time. This means that as college-aged individuals consume more caffeine for the study benefits, they are not impacting their reaction time.