Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pre-training Context and Time Aware Location Embeddings from Spatial-Temporal Trajectories for User Next Location Prediction

Pre-training location embeddings from spatial-temporal trajectories is a fundamental procedure and very beneficial for user next location prediction. In the real world, a location usually has variable functionalities under different contextual environments. If the exact functions of a location in the trajectory can be reflected in its embedding, the accuracy of user next location prediction should be improved. Yet, existing location embeddings pre-trained on trajectories are mostly based on distributed word representations, which mix a location's various functionalities into one latent representation vector. To address this problem, we propose a Context and Time aware Location Embedding (CTLE) model, which calculates a location's representation vector with consideration of its specific contextual neighbors in trajectories. In this way, the multi-functional properties of locations can be properly tackled. Furthermore, in order to incorporate temporal information in trajectories into location embeddings, we propose a subtle temporal encoding module and a novel pre-training objective, which further improve the quality of location embeddings. We evaluate our proposed model on two real-world mobile user trajectory datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared with the existing embedding methods, our CTLE model can pre-train higher quality location embeddings and significantly improve the performance of downstream user location prediction models.
CEO tenure and earnings management

In this study we investigate the presence of earnings management in connection with CEO successions in Swedish listed companies. We use three accrual-based models to detect earnings management in a sample of companies listed on the Swedish main market in the period 2009-2013. Our results show that CEOs manage earnings in the first two years of service, but we find no corresponding evidence for earnings management in the final year. However, when controlling for earnings management in the early years of CEO service, we find evidence of earnings management in the final year in two of three models. These results are consistent with previous findings in studies on U.S. data, indicating that an omission of this control can lead to a bias against finding evidence of earnings management in the final year of service. Tutor: Stina Skogsvik
Screening of West Siberian patients with primary congenital glaucoma for CYP1B1 gene mutations

Primary congenital glaucoma (PСG) is a visual organ pathology that leads to progressive blindness and poor vision in children. Its main cause is an anomaly of the anterior chamber angle. Most cases of PСG are sporadic, but familial cases with an autosomal recessive (predominantly) and autosomal dominant (rare) type of inheritance have been described. Congenital glaucoma is a rare condition (1 case per 10,000–20,000 newborns), but its prevalence is substantially higher (up to 1 case per 250 newborns) in countries where consanguineous marriages are common. Mutations in the CYP1B1 gene, which encodes cytochrome P450 1B1, are the most common cause of autosomal recessive primary congenital glaucoma. This enzyme is known to be involved in retinoic acid metabolism and is necessary for normal eye development. The aim of this work was to assess the polymorphism of the CYP1B1 gene among West Siberian patients with primary congenital glaucoma. Direct automatic Sanger sequencing of exons and adjacent splicing sites of the CYP1B1 gene was carried out in 28 people with the PCG phenotype from a West Siberian region. As a result, in the sample of the white population we examined, pathogenic variants previously described in other ethnic groups were revealed: E387K (rs55989760), R444* (rs377049098), R444Q (rs72549376), and P437L (rs56175199), as well as novel single-nucleotide deletion p.F114Lfs*38 in the CYP1B1 gene. The latter can cause a frame shift, changed amino acid composition, and a formation of truncated in the protein. None of the detected mutations were found in the control sample of ophthalmologically examined individuals without PCG (100 people). Variants R444* (rs377049098) and R444Q (rs72549376) were not found in the general population sample either (576 randomly selected West Siberia residents). All the detected mutations caused the development of the autosomal recessive form of primary congenital glaucoma. The most severe clinical phenotype was observed in carriers of mutations in codon 444 of the gene. Consequently, in children with signs of increased intraocular pressure, molecular genetic analysis of the CYP1B1 gene is advisable for early diagnosis and timely initiation of PCG therapy.
Estimation of a structural model of competition in the Colombian electricity spot market

We formulate and estimate a structural complex-bidding auction model for the Colombian electricity market. We investigate whether the current dispatch mechanism for electricity generation in the Colombian market, a centralized unit commitment mechanism introduced by Resolution 51 (2009), led to a reduction in the aggregate cost of energy compared the a counterfactual of self unit commitment that prevailed before 2009. Our model accounts for the presence of complex bids, multi-plant firms, and the dynamic incentives of both hydro and thermal generators. Using a bootstrapping approach, we estimate the primitive parameters of the bidders’ marginal cost function. These estimates are used to simulate a counterfactual experiment in which we evaluate the social gains of a centralized unit commitment dispatch by simulating the prices and outputs between August, 2011 and December, 2012, assuming that the market mechanism was the self unit commitment format without complex bids. Our findings show that, although the new dispatch mechanism is on average associated with higher bid markups, the total cost of the energy produced was substantially lower in the new mechanism. As a by product, we compare estimated marginal and opportunity costs from our model with engineering marginal costs, a standard methodology in the non-economic literature. We find that engineering costs substantially under estimate the marginal and opportunity costs of our structural model.
HyperTensioN A three-stage compiler for planning

Hierarchical Task Networks (HTN) planners generate plans using a decomposition process with extra domain knowledge to guide search towards a planning task. While many HTN domain descriptions are made by experts, they may repeatedly describe the same preconditions, or methods that are rarely used or possible to be decomposed. By leveraging a three-stage compiler de-sign we can easily support more language descriptions and preprocessing optimizations that when chained can greatly improve runtime efﬁciency in such domains. In this paper we present the HyperTensioN HTN planner, as it was submitted to the HTN IPC 2020.
S1366728919000695jra 1..8

To investigate whether similar control processes are used during single and dual language production, we compared register switching (formal and informal speech in the same language) vs. language switching (French and English). The results across two experiments showed a positive correlation of overall registerand language-switch costs and similar formal French switch costs across the two switching tasks. However, whereas increasing the cue-to-stimulus interval resulted in a reduction of language-switch costs, register-switch costs were unaffected by the interval manipulation. This difference in switch-cost pattern indicates that control processes are not entirely identical during single and dual language production.
Chemical and amino acid composition of snapper scrap meat hydrolysate

Increased volume and high export value of frozen snapper products in Indonesia, can produce scrap meat that can be processed into high nutritional products. Fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) is produced from an enzymatic process using the alcalase enzyme, which contains peptides and amino acids that can be applied to other derived products. The aim of this study is to produce FPH on a scale up production, determine the characteristics of raw materials and FPH products. The method used is the enzymatic hydrolysis process, which uses alcalase enzyme at 55 C with 20.000 U/kg substrate of enzyme concentration for 7 hours. The parameters measured are the degree of hydrolysis (DH), yield, proximate analysis, and the amount of amino acids in raw materials and FPH. DH value was 71.88% ± 6.48 at the 7 hour and based on the ANOVA results the P-value < 0.05, so that the measurement at 0 7 hours shows a significantly different DH value. The yield of FPH was 89.30%, the protein content of raw materials 81.93% ± 1.39 and FPH 95.30% ± 0.73. Snapper scrap meat and FPH contain glutamic acid as a nonessential amino acid and lysine as an essential amino acid. The conclusion of this study is that snapper meat has good potential as a raw material for FPH because it contains essential amino acids needed by the human body.
Volatile organic compounds of Tilia cordata Mill. from Serbia, in terms of ecosystem services

It is considered that different plant organic compounds, known as phytoncides are creditable for positive effects of Forest therapy on human health. Ongoing pandemic has also put these compounds in research focus considering potential use for novel corona virus treatment. This research was conducted in order to examine the potential of Tilia cordata Mill. considering volatile organic compounds (VOCs) content for the use in Forest therapy. In order to determine qualitative and quantitative content of phytoncides, as well the variability among genotypes growing in the same environmental conditions, leaf samples from genotypes of T. cordata were collected from the Fruska gora (Serbia) during 2019. VOCs determined in fresh herbal material were analyzed by HeadspaceGC/MS and VOCs determined in essential oil were obtained by GC/MS. The results showed the presence of 17 different phytoncides (monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, aliphatic compounds and diterpenes) in all tested genotypes. According to the mean values of the obtained results, the most abundant classes of phytoncides among the examined genotypes were monoterpene hydrocarbons (87.05), followed by aliphatic compounds (36.59) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (34.60). The highest coefficient of variation (CV) among phytoncide content in tested T. cordata genotypes has been observed within oxygenated monoterpenes (43.12%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (28.18%), and diterpenes (27.04%). Some individual monoterpene hydrocarbons, such as o-cymene (19.92%) and a-pinene (17.40%) had the highest CV in terms of its presence in analyzed genotypes. In addition, the principal component analysis (PCA) showed more notable clustering within the VOCs determined in essential oil in comparison to VOCs determined in fresh herbal material. Considering the phytoncide content detected in T. cordata leaves, this species has high potential for the use in human health improvement within Forest therapy.
Pathophysiology and management of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Background: Epidermal necrolysis (EN) is an acute mucocutaneous reaction syndrome characterized by extensive necrosis and epidermal exfoliation and can cause death. The initial lesion is in the form of erythematous macules, then progressively grow to sagging blister lesion and subsequent epidermal peeling. The causes of SJS and TEN may vary such as infections, vaccinations, drugs, systemic diseases, and food. However, the main cause is the drug as found in many cases. Methods: The pathophysiology of the EN is still unclear. Pathologically, tissue damage in the form of epidermal necrolysis is a picture of mass keratinocyte cell death through apoptosis. The stimuli that can induce apoptosis include cellular stress, DNA damage and intracellular cytokines. It may as a result of the role of cytotoxic T cells against keratinocytes, through perforin-granzyme B or Fas-FasL interactions and granulysin. Another theory of SJS-TEN pathophysiology is the slow acetylation (drug metabolic disorder) and the theory of genetic susceptibility. Result: Finally, we include a comprehensive review of well-established widely available therapies in SJSTEN patients. Discussion: It requires rapid diagnosis, suspension of suspected drug as soon as possible, supportive therapy and specific therapy Conclusion: An understanding of the pathophysiology and current management of SJS and TEN is expected to assist in the prevention of disease and early diagnosis and can provide more effective therapy for SJS-TEN treatment
Learning about precipitation lapse rates from snow course data improves water balance modeling

Abstract. Precipitation orographic enhancement is the result of both synoptic circulation and topography. Since high-elevation headwaters are often sparsely instrumented, the magnitude and distribution of this enhancement, as well as how they affect precipitation lapse rates, remain poorly understood. Filling this knowledge gap would allow a significant step ahead for hydrologic forecasting procedures and water management in general. Here, we hypothesized that spatially distributed, manual measurements of snow depth (courses) could provide new insights into this process. We leveraged over 11 000 snow course data upstream of two reservoirs in the western European Alps (Aosta Valley, Italy) to estimate precipitation orographic enhancement in the form of lapse rates and, consequently, improve predictions of a snow hydrologic modeling chain (Flood-PROOFS). We found that snow water equivalent (SWE) above 3000 m a.s. l. (above sea level) was between 2 and 8.5 times higher than recorded cumulative seasonal precipitation below 1000 m a.s. l. , with gradients up to 1000 mm w.e. km −1 . Enhancement factors, estimated by blending precipitation gauge and snow course data, were consistent between the two hydropower headwaters (median values above 3000 m a.s.l. between 4.1 and 4.8). Including blended gauge course lapse rates in an iterative precipitation spatialization procedure allowed Flood-PROOFS to remedy underestimations both of SWE above 3000 m a.s. l. (up to 50 %) and – importantly – of precipitation vs. observed streamflow. Annual runoff coefficients based on blended lapse rates were also more consistent from year to year than those based on precipitation gauges alone (standard deviation of 0.06 and 0.19, respectively). Thus, snow courses bear a characteristic signature of orographic precipitation, which opens a window of opportunity for leveraging these data sets to improve our understanding of the mountain water budget. This is all the more important due to the essential role of high-elevation headwaters in supporting water security and ecosystem services worldwide.
Comparative Study of Lipid Profile with Body Mass Index in young Healthy Medical Students

Background: This study was conducted to determine the association between s serum lipids among the three BMI groups (underweight, normal and overweight) in healthy young males and females admitted in a private medical college. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 4 months (2017) on a sample of 127 conveniently selected medical students between 1720 years of age, comprising of first year undergraduates in Mahavir medical college and hospital Vikarabad Results: The total participants were 127 healthy young students males and females admitted in a private medical college Based on the value of BMI, subjects were classified as underweight (BMI < 19 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI 19–26 kg/m2), Overweight (BMI>26kg/m) Mean serum cholesterol in 127 students was 158.57 ± 26 mg/dl, mean LDL-C was 92.64 ±25.9 mg/dl, mean HDL-C was 16.43±4.93 mg/dl and mean triglycerides were 82.18 ±24.7 mg/dl. The mean BMI of students was 21.1 kg/m ±4.1. Among 127 students, 33 were underweight that is their BMI was less than 19 kg/m, 68 were normal that is their BMI was between 19 kg/m and 26 kg/m and 26 were overweight that is their BMI was more than 26Kg/m. There were No significant correlation was found between any of the lipid profile variables with BMI. 20 Gulam Saidunnisa Begum, Ayesha Jabeen, Chetan Kumar, Amtul Rahaman Conclusion: It was found in our study that high percentage prevalence of overweight is the major driving forces in the development of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. We concluded from this study that obesity in significant number of young medical student population. This prevalence may be due to lack of awareness and unhealthy lifestyles, so health education and more preventive measures should decrease the prevalence of obesity and cardiac risks in our medical college by modifying their lifestyle.
The Relationship of Psychological Type to Political Self-Perceptions, Political Opinions, and Political Party Membership

This research sought to replicate and extend prior research that explored the relationship between psychological type preferences and a variety of political topics. Participants from three different samples (n = 454) provided information about their psychological type and completed questionnaires that measured political self-concept, opinions about political issues, and party membership. A preference for Sensing correlated with a conservative orientation and lower political interest than did a preference for Intuition, which correlated with a liberal orientation and greater political interest. The E–I dichotomy correlated significantly with a measure of political alienation, with Introverts reporting greater political alienation than Extraverts. The results also indicated correlations between type preferences and opinions about specific political issues, but no relationship was found between type and political party membership. Although research on the role of psychological type in the political arena is highly undeveloped, it holds much promise in understanding ongoing political divisiveness. 67 Journal of Psychological Type Over twenty-five years of publishing research articles related to the theory and applications of psychological type and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator instrument. Published by the Center for Applications of Psychological Type Thomas G. Carskadon, Ph.D., Editor Issue 3 MAR 07 Are political “culture wars” really political “type wars”? Certain type preferences are moderately related to measures of political selfconcept and opinions about specific political issues, but not, in this study, to specific political party membership. C A P T ® The Relationship of Psychological Type to Political Self-Perceptions, Political Opinions, and Political Party Membership Robert W. Boozer Stetson University Monique Forte Stetson University
Development and study of multilayer electromagnetic radiation shields based on powdered oxide-containing materials

The electromagnetic shields in the form of two-layer structures, the surface layer of which was the composite material with filler based on powdered titanium dioxide, and the inner one was the composite material with filler based on iron oxide, have been developed. The electromagnetic radiation reflection and transmission characteristics of the developed shields have been studied in the frequency range 0.7-142.8 GHz depending on the content of their inner layers. It has been found that electromagnetic radiation reflection and transmission coefficient values in the frequency range 0.7-142.8 GHz of the developed shields are –4.0. –27.0 dB and –10.0. –40.0 dB respectively. It has been experimentally proved that by impregnating by the calcium chloride aqueous solution of the powdered material that is part of the inner layer of such shields, it is possible to reduce by 5.0. 45.0 dB of their electromagnetic radiation transmission coefficient values in the frequency range 2.0. 26.0 GHz.
Biomedical Question Answering

Question Answering and Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) are crucial and complex tasks in the eld of Natural Language Processing (NLP). In this thesis, we rst introduce BioMRC, a novel biomedical dataset for cloze-type Question Answering, based on previous work of the BioRead dataset, implementing the same baselines and models for comparison. We then develop two new models based on the SciBert model from AllenAI for solving the task of BioMRC. We use these pre-trained models as a transfer learning approach for the BioASQ Task 8B Phase B, in a modi ed architecture, to investigate whether our dataset can be used for improving exact answer Question Answering tasks. In addition, we experiment with other BERT-based models for solving the BioASQ task, which use the SpanBert and BioBert models, as well as the Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (T5) model, a generative Transformer-based model, which achieved the best results for the task. Moreover, we create a cloze-type version of the BioASQ Task 8B Phase B factoid instances subset, which is used to boost the T5’s results when pre-trained on the BioMRC dataset, but can also be used in future work for automatic transformation of question-answer instances to cloze-type question instances. Lastly, we perform error analysis of our best model for the BioASQ task for exact answers, where we point out the shortcomings of the task evaluation measures and some mistakes, that could be xed by the BioASQ organizers, as an improvement of the task.
Appendix: Woodbury Transformations for Deep Generative Flows

M1 = M1 A1, M2 = M2 A2, y = M2 ? (M1 ? x), where M1,M2 are convolutional kernels whose size is c× c× d× d, and A1,A2 are binary masks. The symbol ? represents the convolution operator.1 An emerging convolutional layer has the same receptive fields as standard convolutional layers, which can capture correlations between a target pixel and its neighbor pixels. However, like other autoregressive convolutions, computing the inverse of an
A study on the process model of knowledge absorptive capacity for technological innovation capabilities: A content analysis approach

Objective: This study presents the development stages of a theoretical model of knowledge absorptive capacity (KAC) that shows how most, if not all, firms in developing countries initiate, implement, assimilate, improve and develop external knowledge. Method: the study reviews the literatures, models and frameworks related to knowledge absorptive capacity. The study utilizes a qualitative content analysis as an explanation method in case study research to validate the proposed model. The study then analyzes Korean firms as a case in point to illustrate how Korean firms have built their knowledge absorptive capacity. Results: The model consists four stages: 1) Knowledge initiation, 2) Knowledge imitation, 3) Knowledge improvement and finally 4) Knowledge innovation or 4KI. The framework shows four development stages at Korean firms as: 1) Entrance of foreign companies into the Korean market and their reluctance to transfer their knowledge and information sharing to Korean firms, initiating its knowledge absorptive capacity, 2) Korean firms started knowledge absorptive capacity by means of imitating knowledge from external (especially foreign firms), 3) it then developed knowledge absorptive capacity by means of improving external knowledge and finally 4) ) capability to create their own knowledge and becoming one of the leading economy in the world which challenges firms from advanced countries in the global market. The paper also highlights the developmental changes in the electronics industry of Korea. Conclusions: Keeping past experiences in consideration, we conclude that this model provides useful implications for developing economies known as late-comers following the same pattern of KAC.