Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An overview on convergence rates for Tikhonov regularization methods for non-linear operators

Abstract There exists a vast literature on convergence rates results for Tikhonov regularized minimizers. The first convergence rates results for non-linear problems have been developed by Engl, Kunisch and Neubauer in 1989 [Inverse Problems 5: 523–540, 1989]. While these results apply for operator equations formulated in Hilbert spaces, the results of Burger and Osher from 2004 [Inverse Problems 20: 1411–1421, 2004], more generally, apply to operators formulated in Banach spaces. Recently, Resmerita and Scherzer [Inverse Problems 22: 801–814, 2006] presented a modification of the convergence rates result of Burger and Osher which turns out a complete generalization of the result of Engl et. al. In all these papers relatively strong regularity assumptions are made. However, it has been observed numerically, that violations of the smoothness assumptions on the operator do not necessarily affect the convergence rate negatively. We have taken this observation and weakened the smoothness assumptions on the operator and have proved a novel convergence rate result published in [Hofmann, Kaltenbacher, Pöschl, Scherzer, Inverse Problems 23: 987–1010, 2007]. The most significant difference of this result to the previous ones is that the source condition is formulated as a variational inequality and not as an equation as before, which is necessary due to the lack of smoothness assumptions on F.
Time to Hypothyroidism Following Hemithyroidectomy

Background The time to hypothyroidism post hemithyroidectomy is variable. There are multiple risk factors for developing hypothyroidism. The aim of this study was to identify the time of hypothyroidism and other predictors of hypothyroidism in euthyroid patients following hemithyroidectomy. Methods This was a retrospective study. Of 170 euthyroid patients who underwent hemithyroidectomy for benign disease between 2006 - 2014, age, gender, pre-operative thyroid function tests, body mass index (BMI), and other co-morbidities were examined to determine predictors of early (<3 months) or late (>3 months) hypothyroidism. A high normal preoperative thyroid stimulating hormone (HN-TSH) was defined as ≥2.01 uIU/ml, and a low normal TSH (LN-TSH) was defined as <2.01 uIU/ml. Results A total of 63 of the 170 patients (37%) became hypothyroid. At 3 months, 21.5% of patients were hypothyroid. At 6 months after operation, an additional 5% had become hypothyroid, and after 1 year, 8% more were hypothyroid. The only independent predictor of hypothyroidism was preoperative HN-TSH (≥2.01) (p<0.001) on multivariate analysis. Conclusion In addition to known predictors of hypothyroidism following hemithyroidectomy for benign disease, such as the size of the thyroid remnant, a history of neck irradiation, and coexisting thyroid autoimmune disease, a BMI ≥35 kg/m2, age ≥45, and preoperative HN-TSH are risk factors for postoperative hypothyroidism within 3 months of operation. Such patients should be closely monitored.
Brain Stroke Classification via Machine Learning Algorithms Trained with a Linearized Scattering Operator

This paper proposes an efficient and fast method to create large datasets for machine learning algorithms applied to brain stroke classification via microwave imaging systems. The proposed method is based on the distorted Born approximation and linearization of the scattering operator, in order to minimize the time to generate the large datasets needed to train the machine learning algorithms. The method is then applied to a microwave imaging system, which consists of twenty-four antennas conformal to the upper part of the head, realized with a 3D anthropomorphic multi-tissue model. Each antenna acts as a transmitter and receiver, and the working frequency is 1 GHz. The data are elaborated with three machine learning algorithms: support vector machine, multilayer perceptron, and k-nearest neighbours, comparing their performance. All classifiers can identify the presence or absence of the stroke, the kind of stroke (haemorrhagic or ischemic), and its position within the brain. The trained algorithms were tested with datasets generated via full-wave simulations of the overall system, considering also slightly modified antennas and limiting the data acquisition to amplitude only. The obtained results are promising for a possible real-time brain stroke classification.
3D mesh model segmentation based on skeleton extraction

ABSTRACT In order to solve the problem of low segmentation accuracy of 3D mesh models, a non-deep learning method based on skeleton extraction is proposed. First, the skeleton of the model is extracted. Then, the skeleton feature points are extracted by analysing the relationship between the skeleton data. The feature point with the smallest distance from the centroid in the same neighbourhood is selected as the segmentation point. Finally, based on the improved region-based algorithm, the segmented skeleton region is obtained with the segmentation points as the seeds, and the corresponding original data is segmented through inverse mapping. The experimental results show that compared with the existing non-deep learning methods, the proposed method can obtain better semantic separation results and segmentation boundaries.
The flow of a jet from a body opposing a supersonic free stream

A series of experiments is described in which a jet issues from an orifice at the nose of a body in supersonic flow to oppose the mainstream. An analytical model of the flow is developed which suggests that the aerodynamic features of a steady flow depend primarily on a jet flow-force coefficient, and the Mach number of the jet in its exit plane. A sufficient condition for steady flow is developed. The experiments are found to agree well with predictions based on the flow model. A short account is presented of some previous investigations, and some of their conclusions are re-examined in the light of the present study.
Hematological parameters of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) fed lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus) after challenge with Streptococcus agalactiae

The study involved feeding lemongrass essential oil (LEO) supplements to red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) at concentrations including Control - 0 mg, T1 – 200 mg, T2 – 300 mg, and T3 – 400 mg per kg of feed. The research investigated changes in hematological (HCT, Hb, RBC, WBC & thrombocytes) and erythrocyte’s morphological (major/minor axis; perimeter, and area of erythrocyte) parameters before infection, 5- and 10-days post-infection (DPI). According to analytical findings, a diet containing LEO enhanced the synthesis of both erythrocytes and leukocytes in the peripheral blood of red tilapia after 20 days of being used. Therefore, the indicators of this group of fish showed better performance than those that did not use LEO supplement five days after bacterial infection. Fish fed 200 mg/kg of LEO after being challenged with S. agalactiae for ten days showed an improved effect on red blood cell production. White blood cells decreased at all concentrations because of citral’s immunomodulatory properties.
First category function spaces under the topology of pointwise convergence

A large class of function spaces, under the topology of pointwise convergence, are shown to be of first category. The question as to when a space of continuous functions is of first category (i.e., can be written as a countable union of nowhere dense subsets) seems to be relatively unanswered. When the topology on the function space is the supremum metric topology, then if the range space is completely metrizable, so is the function space. Thus by the Baire category theorem, there is a large class of function spaces having the supremum metric topology which are Baire spaces (i.e., no open subspace is of first category). However, an example is given in L 4] of a metrizable Baire space Y such that the space of continuous functions from I, the closed unit interval, into Y, under the supremum metric topology, is of first category. If the domain space is compact, the supremum metric topology agrees with the compact-open topology on the function space, so there is also a large class of function spaces having the compact-open topology which are Baire spaces. However, the situation changes dramatically when the topology of pointwise convergence is imposed on the function spaces. Under this topology, the function spaces are of first category for most nonpathological domain and range spaces. For example, it will follow from the Theorem in this paper that the space of real-valued continuous functions on /, with the topology of pointwise convergence, is of first category. The notation C (X, Y) will stand for the space of all continuous functions from X into Y under the topology of pointwise convergence. This topology is generated by the base $ = I H L*;. V. ]|x. e X and V. is open in YK Presented to the Society, January 23, 1975; received by the editors April 13, 1974. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 54C35; Secondary 54D99.
A systematic literature review on research and progress of road traffic soundscape

The rapid development of road traffic generates extreme noise pollution. The current development trend from noise control by simply reducing the noise level to overall soundscape design has brought revolutionary progress in the field of road traffic sound environment. This paper reviews the current situation of road traffic soundscape research. First, it systematically analyzes the development trend and hot keywords of road traffic soundscape and its related literature with the bibliometric method. It compares the development history of the road traffic soundscape from many aspects, such as concept, research framework and model, research method. It summarizes the research hotspots of road traffic sound landscape. Secondly, from the road traffic soundscape negative design (eliminating the existing bad soundscape as the basis) and positive design (creating a harmonious sound environment), the application and research on road traffic sound landscape are reviewed. A relatively complete set of road traffic sound landscape design methods is explored to create a good audio-visual context along the road, enhance and improve people's audio-visual comfort, and meet people's audio-visual feelings and health. Finally, the current situation and challenges of existing research are systematically summarized, and the future development direction and research trends of road traffic sound landscape are analyzed from standardized research system innovation, effective combination of research and practice, and exploration of quantitative design methods.
Automated quantification of 3D wound morphology by machine learning and optical coherence tomography in type 2 diabetes

Abstract Background Driven by increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes and ageing populations, wounds affect millions of people each year, but monitoring and treatment remain limited. Glucocorticoid (stress hormones) activation by the enzyme 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1) also impairs healing. We recently reported that 11β‐HSD1 inhibition with oral AZD4017 improves acute wound healing by manual 2D optical coherence tomography (OCT), although this method is subjective and labour‐intensive. Objectives Here, we aimed to develop an automated method of 3D OCT for rapid identification and quantification of multiple wound morphologies. Methods We analysed 204 3D OCT scans of 3 mm punch biopsies representing 24 480 2D wound image frames. A u‐net method was used for image segmentation into 4 key wound morphologies: early granulation tissue, late granulation tissue, neo‐epidermis, and blood clot. U‐net training was conducted with 0.2% of available frames, with a mini‐batch accuracy of 86%. The trained model was applied to compare segment area (per frame) and volume (per scan) at days 2 and 7 post‐wounding and in AZD4017 compared to placebo. Results Automated OCT distinguished wound tissue morphologies, quantifying their volumetric transition during healing, and correlating with corresponding manual measurements. Further, AZD4017 improved epidermal re‐epithelialisation (by manual OCT) with a corresponding trend towards increased neo‐epidermis volume (by automated OCT). Conclusion Machine learning and OCT can quantify wound healing for automated, non‐invasive monitoring in real‐time. This sensitive and reproducible new approach offers a step‐change in wound healing research, paving the way for further development in chronic wounds.
Simulation of the Chain-formation Process in Magnetic Fields

The chain formation process of ferromagnetic particles under an applied magnetic field is simulated. Three main forces - magnetic force, viscous force, and repelling force, are considered. A model to simulate the motion of particles is proposed based on the analysis of the dynamics of the particles, and a corresponding numerical approach is developed. The formation of particle chains in magnetorheological (MR) fluids under an applied magnetic field is simulated, and the result agrees well with the experimental observation. The developed method is significant for the analysis of the overall behavior of MR fluids and their microscopic mechanisms as well as the effects of the influencing factors, which may be helpful for the design of new MR fluids.
Inflationary Expectations and the Demand for Money: The Greek Experience

where M is nominal money, Y is income, and P and Pe are the price level and the expected rate of inflation respectively. B L consider two alternative representations of the unobservable expected rate of inflation. Their treatment of rational expectations has been discussed by Himarios (1983). This note argues that their treatment of adaptive expectations is in error. The problem can be illustrated using B L's equations (2), (4), and (7):
Application of Tissue Engineering in Manufacturing Absorbable Membranes to Improve the Osteopromoting Potential of Collagen

The membranes are an important biomaterial that contribute to osteopromotion. This study aimed to evaluate the osteopromotive potential of collagen membranes associated with Hydroxyapatite (HA) in critical size calvaria rat’s defects. Ninety-six Albinus Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (CG) negative control: clot only (CG); positive control: porcine collagen membrane (BG); fish collagen membrane associated with HA (CP); bovine collagen membrane associated with HA (CB), analyzed at 7, 15, 30, and 60 postoperative days. At 30 days, membrane integrity was observed in the CB and fragments in the CP and BG groups were dispersed in the center of the defect. At 60 days, BG demonstrated better results with no statistical difference for the CP group (p = 0.199) and a statistically significant difference for the CB group (p = 0.013). The inflammatory profiles of the BG and CP groups were similar. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated at 60 days moderate osteopontin staining for the BG and CP groups, light staining for the CB, and intense osteocalcin staining for the BG, while the CB and CP groups demonstrated moderate staining. Microtomography revealed the highest mean bone volume (14.247 mm3) in the BG, followed by the CB (11.850 mm3), and CP (9.560 mm3) group. The collagen membranes associated with HA demonstrated an osteopromotive potential.
Nonlinear growth of singular‐vector‐based perturbations

The nonlinearity of singular‐vector‐based (SV‐based) perturbation growth is examined within the context of a global atmospheric forecast model. The characteristics of these nonlinearities and their impact on the utility of SV‐based diagnostics are assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Nonlinearities are quantified by examining the symmetry of evolving positive and negative ‘twin’ perturbations. Perturbations initially scaled to be consistent with estimates of analysis uncertainty become significantly nonlinear by 12 h. However, the relative magnitude of the nonlinearities is a strong function of scale and metric. Small scales become nonlinear very quickly while synoptic scales can remain significantly linear out to three days. Phase differences between the positive and negative perturbation patterns relative to each other can result in significant nonlinearities even when the basic anomaly patterns are quite similar. Thus, SVs may be qualitatively useful even when nonlinearities are large.
Detecting cavities by electrostatic boundary measurements

We prove upper and lower bounds on the size of an unknown cavity, or of a perfectly conducting inclusion, in an electrical conductor in terms of boundary measurements of voltage and current. Such bounds, which might be used as a decision tool in quality testing of materials, are obtained by a nontrivial extension of previous results (Alessandrini G, Rosset E and Seo J K 2000 Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 128 53–64) regarding inclusions of finite, nonzero conductivity.
Comparison of health care systems in Poland and Great Britain by Poles staying temporarily in Great Britain prior to the COVID pandemic.

INTRODUCTION Poland's accession to the European Union intensified migration for work purposes. One of the most popular destinations for emigration was Great Britain, which allocates more money to health protection than Poland, where there is a widespread belief that the quality of public health care is poor. However, more negative opinions were expressed by migrants about health care in Great Britain. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to compare and assess the quality of health services in Poland and Great Britain prior to the SARS COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted in the form of a questionnaire addressed to Poles who stay or stayed in the territory of Great Britain and used services provided by both Polish and British medical entities. 1,625 people took part in the study: 1,402 women (86.28%) and 223 men (13.72%). The survey contained 30 questions, of which statistically significant results were obtained in 5 of them. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in the average assessments of health services in Poland and Great Britain. The availability of primary health care services and specialist services, other than gynaecology, in Poland was rated higher. In addition, the quality and costs of treatment received a much higher average score in the evaluation of Polish health care compared to the British system. CONCLUSIONS Although the amount of financial outlays and statistical data should suggest the advantage of the British health care system, the respondents assessed the services provided in Poland being better.
Effect of Video-Assisted Educational Guidelines on Nurses’ Performance Regarding Infection Control Measures for Children undergoing Hemodialysis

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease is a condition related to irreversible kidney damage that can further progress to end stage renal disease that treated with hemodialysis. Aim : To explore the effect of video-assisted educational guidelines on nurses’ performance regarding infection control measures for children undergoing hemodialysis. Design : A quasi-experimental research design was used to achieve the aim of the present study. Settings : The study was conducted at the Pediatric Hemodialysis Unit affiliated to Sohag University Hospital. Subjects : A convenient sample of 50 nurses who worked in the previously mentioned settings. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. Tool 1: A structured interviewing questionnaire , it consisted of four parts; part 1: Nurses' personal characteristics , part 2: Nurses’ knowledge regarding chronic kidney disease , part 3: Nurses’ knowledge regarding hemodialysis, and part 4: Nurses’ knowledge regarding infection control measures during nursing care of children undergoing hemodialysis ; and Tool II: Observational checklist sheet to assess nurses' practice regarding infection control measures for children undergoing hemodialysis. Results : The present study was found that video-assisted educational guidelines resulted in a significant improvement in nurses' total knowledge and practices about infection control measures for children undergoing hemodialysis. Conclusion : It was concluded that there were statistically significant improvements in nurses' knowledge and practices regarding infection control measures for children undergoing hemodialysis post-video-assisted educational guidelines
US clinicians' perspectives on advance care planning for persons with dementia: A qualitative study

Although advance care planning (ACP) for persons with dementia (PWD) can promote patient‐centered care by aligning future healthcare with patient values, few PWD have documented ACPs for reasons incompletely understood. The objective of this paper is to characterize the perceived value of, barriers to, and successful strategies for completing ACP for PWD as reported by frontline clinicians.
Immunogenic Effects of Dietary Terminalia arjuna Bark Powder in Labeo rohita, a Fish Model: Elucidated by an Integrated Biomarker Response Approach

Simple Summary It is widely believed that aquaculture has the greatest potential to provide both economic and nutritional security. Bacterial infections in the culture system result from intensified aquaculture methods, resulting in a significant economic loss for fishermen. Because antibiotics are the standard treatment for bacterial infections in Southeastern countries, antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a major health concern. Herbal remedies are being promoted as a replacement for the undesired medicines. In Ayurveda, the Terminalia arjuna plant is considered a “miracle plant” since it has been used for centuries to treat serious illnesses in humans. However, applications in aquaculture remain in their early stage. The purpose of this study is to assess the therapeutic value of incorporating powdered Terminalia arjuna bark with Labeo rohita. Based on the findings, the researchers suggest adding Terminalia arjuna bark powder to fish food at a rate of 12.3 g·kg−1 (as determined by the broken line regression equation) to help the fish become resistant to disease. Abstract Utilizing agro-industrial waste and herbal products to create a circular bioeconomy is becoming increasingly popular. Terminalia arjuna is a significant ethnomedicinal plant that has not yet been exploited in animal feed. In the present study, nutritional Terminalia arjuna bark powder-based fish feed was created and supplied to a candidate fish species Labeo rohita at varied levels: 0% (0 g/kg), 0.5% (5 g/kg), 1% (10 g/kg), and 1.5% (15 g/kg). These treatment groups are denoted as CT, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Utilizing a contemporary comprehensive biomarker response strategy, the study clarified the genomic influence of dietary herb inclusion. In response to bacterial infection, the immunogenic genes, STAT 1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1), ISG 15 (interferon stimulating gene), and Mx “myxovirus resistance gene”, were shown to be elevated. The results of densitometry demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in STAT 1 and ISG 15, with Mx exhibiting maximal values at 1 g/kg TABP (Terminalia arjuna bark powder-based feed). This is the first study to identify TABP as an immunomodulator in fish and established the IBR (Integrated Bio-marker Response) as a reliable marker in evaluating the impact of multiple drivers in a holistic manner. Thus, the present study cleared the path for TABP to be utilized as an effective feed additive which enhances the specific adaptive immune system of the fish for the production of the Green fish product for a sustainable circular bioeconomy.