Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applying the stimulus-organism-response theory to investigate determinants of students’ social entrepreneurship: moderation role of perceived university support

Purpose This study aims to integrate the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory with Mair and Noboa’s (2006) model to evaluate the stimulating role of education-related stimuli (i.e. entrepreneurial education, curriculum and lecturer competency) and the moderation impact of perceived university support on students’ emotional and cognitive processes of social entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 401 university students in Vietnam and a three-step analysis approach via SPSS 28.0 and AMOS 25.0 were used to test the hypothesized model. Findings This study revealed that while entrepreneurship education and lecturer competency are positively associated with psychological organisms, then in turn affect social entrepreneurial intention and behaviors, the curriculum seems to be less significant. Social entrepreneurial intention was positively affected by social entrepreneurial self-efficacy and perceived social support, but not significantly influenced by empathy or moral obligation. As expected, the higher the perceived university support, the stronger the relationship between social entrepreneurial intention and social start-up behavior. Practical implications The findings of this study can be valuable for educators, policymakers and practitioners to inspire students’ entrepreneurial activities. Originality/value This study contributes to the entrepreneurship literature by adopting SOR theory to investigate the importance of education-related stimuli, exploring the underlying mediation mechanism of emotional and cognitive organism and explaining the moderation role of perceived university support in the fostering of students’ social entrepreneurship.
Reaction wheel attitude control for space vehicles

An attitude control system consisting of motor-driven inertial wheels in conjunction with an over-riding mass ejection system is proposed for use in space vehicles. Control by mass ejection is usedto compensate for initial distrubances during separation from the booster, and for removal of unwanted momentum stored in the wheels. The use of reaction wheels permits fine, damped attitude control. A laboratory model of a single-axis control system was constructed for experimentation and evaluation. The choice of a suitable platform configuration, selection of a prime mover for the inertial wheel, and the philosophy in the design of the electronics and pneumatics are discussed. Emphasis was placed upon minimization of weight and power consumption. System evaluation includes a discussion of efficiencies, reliability, and torque-speed-power relationships. Sources of disturbances, methods of sensing, and general equations of motion are presented in the Appendix.
Graph-Enhanced Emotion Neural Decoding

Brain signal-based emotion recognition has recently attracted considerable attention since it has powerful potential to be applied in human-computer interaction. To realize the emotional interaction of intelligent systems with humans, researchers have made efforts to decode human emotions from brain imaging data. The majority of current efforts use emotion similarities (e.g., emotion graphs) or brain region similarities (e.g., brain networks) to learn emotion and brain representations. However, the relationships between emotions and brain regions are not explicitly incorporated into the representation learning process. As a result, the learned representations may not be informative enough to benefit specific tasks, e.g., emotion decoding. In this work, we propose a novel idea of graph-enhanced emotion neural decoding, which takes advantage of a bipartite graph structure to integrate the relationships between emotions and brain regions into the neural decoding process, thus helping learn better representations. Theoretical analyses conclude that the suggested emotion-brain bipartite graph inherits and generalizes the conventional emotion graphs and brain networks. Comprehensive experiments on visually evoked emotion datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our approach.
New two-metric theory of gravity with prior geometry

We present a Lagrangian-based metric theory of gravity with three adjustable constants and two tensor fields, one of which is a nondynamical "flat-space metric" $\ensuremath{\eta}$. With a suitable cosmological model and a particular choice of the constants, the "post-Newtonian limit" of the theory agrees, in the current epoch, with that of general relativity theory (GRT); consequently our theory is consistent with current gravitation experiments. Because of the role of $\ensuremath{\eta}$, the gravitational "constant" $G$ is time-dependent and gravitational waves travel null geodesics of $\ensuremath{\eta}$ rather than the physical metric $g$. Gravitational waves possess six degrees of freedom. The general exact static spherically-symmetric solution is a four-parameter family. Future experimental tests of the theory are discussed.
Observational evidence for the collapsing Langmuir wave packet in a solar type III radio burst

High time resolution observations from the STEREO spacecraft show that in solar type III radio bursts, Langmuir waves often occur as very intense one‐dimensional magnetic field aligned field structures. One of these events represents the most intense Langmuir wave packet with WLneTe~7.2×10−3 ever detected in a type III radio burst until now (WL is the peak energy density, and ne and Te are the electron density and temperature, respectively). The detailed analysis of this wave packet indicates that (1) its peak intensity is well above the threshold for the oscillating two‐stream instability (OTSI) and supersonic collapse; (2) its peak intensity and spatial scale satisfy the criterion for it to be a collapsing envelope soliton; (3) its low‐frequency components provide evidence for a density cavity, whose depth, width, and temporal coincidence indicate that probably it is the ponderomotive force generated density cavity; and (4) its spectrum contains harmonic peaks at 2fpe and 3fpe (in addition to the main Langmuir wave peak at the electron plasma frequency, fpe), which, as indicated by the bispectral analysis, probably are of the electromagnetic waves generated as a result of coalescence of two oppositely propagating Langmuir waves, and a Langmuir wave and a second harmonic electromagnetic wave, respectively. These characteristics strongly suggest that this wave packet and its associated density cavity represent the collapsing envelope soliton‐caviton pair formed as a result of OTSI, and in the present case, the strong turbulence processes probably play key roles in the beam stabilization as well as conversion of Langmuir waves into escaping radiation at 2fpe and 3fpe.
Quantitative comparison of experimental impurity transport with nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation in an Alcator C-Mod L-mode plasma

Nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations of impurity transport are compared to experimental impurity transport for the first time. The GYRO code (Candy and Waltz 2003 J. Comput. Phys. 186 545) was used to perform global, nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations of impurity transport for a standard Alcator C-Mod, L-mode discharge. The laser blow-off technique was combined with soft x-ray measurements of a single charge state of calcium to provide time-evolving profiles of this non-intrinsic, non-recycling impurity over a radial range of 0.0 ⩽ r/a ⩽ 0.6. Experimental transport coefficient profiles and their uncertainties were extracted from the measurements using the impurity transport code STRAHL and rigorous Monte Carlo error analysis. To best assess the agreement of gyrokinetic simulations with the experimental profiles, the sensitivity of the GYRO predicted impurity transport to a wide range of turbulence-relevant plasma parameters was investigated. A direct comparison of nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation and experiment is presented with an in depth discussion of error sources and a new data analysis methodology.
NONLINEAR TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF THE STOCK EXCHANGE: THE CASE OF AN EMERGING MARKET

The extent to which daily return data from the Athens' Stock Exchange Index exhibits non-linear and chaotic characteristics is investigated by employing multiple tests from both the Economics' and the Natural Sciences' fields. The BDS test and Rescale Range (R/S) analysis provide evidence for non-linearity and fractality due to noisy chaos, respectively, while methods of chaotic dynamics, like correlation dimension and related tests, as well as, Lyapunov exponents, give consistent results, which do not rule out the possibility of deterministic chaos. The occurrence of a simple low-dimensional attractor, is not supported. However, noise filtered data by the use of SVD analysis and FIR filters, gives reliable evidence for the existence of an underlying dynamical system with a limited number of degrees-of-freedom.
Analysis of the related factors of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) in cervical cytology of post-menopausal women

Introduction Atrophy of the reproductive tract mucosa caused by the decrease of estrogen may increase the detection rate of ASC-US in cervical cytology of post-menopausal women. In addition, other pathogenic infections and inflammation can change the cellular morphology and increase the detection rate of ASC-US. However, further studies are needed to elucidate whether the high detection rate of ASC-US in post-menopausal women leads to the high referral rate of colposcopy. Methods This retrospective study was conducted to document ASC-US in cervical cytology reports at the Department of Cytology at Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital between January 2006 and February 2021. We then analyzed 2,462 reports of women with ASC-US at the Cervical Lesions Department. A total of 499 patients with ASC-US and 151 cytology with NILM participants underwent vaginal microecology tests. Results The average reporting rate of ASC-US in cytology was 5.7%. The detection rate of ASC-US in women aged > 50 years (7.0%) was significantly higher than that in women aged ≤50 years (5.0%) (P<0.05). The CIN2+ detection rate was significantly lower in the post- (12.6%) than in pre-menopausal (20.5%) patients with ASC-US (P <0.05). The prevalence of abnormal reporting rate of vaginal microecology was significantly lower in the pre-menopausal group (56.2%) than that in the post-menopausal group (82.9%) (P<0.05). The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) (19.60%) was relatively high in the pre-menopausal group, but the abundance of bacteria-inhibiting flora (40.79%) was mainly an abnormality in the post-menopausal group. The vaginal microecological abnormality rate of the women with HR-HPV (-) of ASC-US was 66.22%, which was significantly higher than that of the HR-HPV (-) and the NILM group (52.32%; P<0.05). Discussion The detection rate of ASC-US in women aged > 50 years was higher than that ≤50 years, but the detection rate of CIN2+ was lower in the post-menopausal women with ASC-US. However, vaginal microecological abnormalities may increase the false-positive diagnosis rate of ASC-US. The vaginal microecological abnormalities of the menopausal women with ASC-US are mainly attributed to infectious diseases such as BV, and it mainly occurs in the post-menopausal women was bacteria-inhibiting flora. Therefore, to avoid the high referral rate for colposcopy, more attention should be paid to the detection of vaginal microecology.
On the essential spectra of linear 2nth order differential operators with complex coefficients

Synopsis In this paper, a formally J-symmetric, linear differential expression of 2nth order, with complex-valued coefficients, is considered. A number of results concerning the location of the essential spectrum of associated operators are obtained. These are extensions of earlier work dealing with complex Strum-Liouville operators, and include results which, in the real case, are due to Birman, Glazman and others. They lead to criteria, for the non-emptiness of the regularity field, of the corresponding minimal operator-a condition which is needed in the theory of J-selfadjoint extensions.
Finite-difference modeling of viscoelastic and anisotropic wave propagation using the rotated staggered grid

We describe the application of the rotated staggered-grid (RSG) finite-difference technique to the wave equations for anisotropic and viscoelastic media. The RSG uses rotated finite-difference operators, leading to a distribution of modeling parameters in an elementary cell where all components of one physical property are located only at one single position. This can be advantageous for modeling wave propagation in anisotropic media or complex media, including high-contrast discontinuities, because no averaging of elastic moduli is needed. The RSG can be applied both to displacement-stress and to velocity-stress finite-difference (FD) schemes, whereby the latter are commonly used to model viscoelastic wave propagation. With a von Neumann-style anlysis, we estimate the dispersion error of the RSG scheme in general anisotropic media. In three different simulation examples, all based on previously published problems, we demonstrate the application and the accuracy of the proposed numerical approach.
Survey of ELF-VLF plasma waves in outer radiation belt observed by Cluster STAFF-SA experiment

Various types of plasma waves have profound effects on acceleration and scattering of radiation belt particles. For the purposes of radiation belt modeling it is necessary to know statistical distributions of plasma wave parameters. This paper analyzes four years of plasma wave observations in the Earth's outer radiation belt obtained by the STAFF-SA experiment on board Cluster spacecraft. Statistical distributions of spectral density of different plasma waves observed in ELF-VLF range (chorus, plasmaspheric hiss, magnetosonic waves) are presented as a function of magnetospheric coordinates and geomagnetic activity indices. Comparison with other spacecraft studies supports some earlier conclusions about the distribution of chorus and hiss waves and helps to remove the long-term controversy regarding the distribution of equatorial magnetosonic waves. This study represents a step towards the development of multi-spacecraft database of plasma wave activity in radiation belts.
Head movement is an artefact of optimal solutions to linearization paradoxes

Head movement, while endemic in natural languages, has long been a thorn in the sides of syntacticians as it does not seem to be logically necessary nor does it follow from first principles. I will argue that head movement is not only necessary – it is indispensable. It is an intrinsic part of the language-computational system. Converting two-dimensional “trees” into uni-dimensional linearizations is mathematically difficult and in doing so, losing information is a distinct possibility. If too much information is lost then it would prove difficult for a hearer or a child acquiring the language to infer the original syntactic information from the signal and the system would become unlearnable. Linearization is the strategy of choosing an optimal ordering and head movement is a logical response to an optimization puzzle.
Prevalence and Determinants of Excessive Screen Viewing Time in Children Aged 3–15 Years and Its Effects on Physical Activity, Sleep, Eye Symptoms and Headache

Screen viewing time is the total time spent by a child on any digital/electronic device. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of excessive screen viewing time in children in Ujjain, India. This cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted through a house-to-house survey using the three-stage cluster sampling method in 36 urban wards and 36 villages of Ujjain District, India. Excessive screen viewing time was defined as screen viewing for >2 h/day. The prevalence of excessive screen viewing time was 18%. Risk factors identified using the multivariate logistic regression model were age (OR: 1.63, p < 0.001); mobile phone use before bedtime (OR: 3.35, p = 0.004); parents’ perception about the child’s habituation to screen time (OR: 8.46, p < 0.001); television in the bedroom (OR: 35.91, p < 0.001); morning mobile screen viewing time (OR: 6.40, p < 0.001); not reading books other than textbooks (OR: 6.45, p < 0.001); and lack of outdoor play for >2 h (OR: 5.17, p < 0.001). The presence of eye pain was a protective factor for excessive screen viewing time (OR: 0.13, p = 0.012). This study identified multiple modifiable risk factors for excessive screen viewing time.
Nonlocal Noise Removal Technique to Improve the Electromagnetic Field Pattern in Near-Field Scanning of a Device

A nonlocal noise removal technique, known as block-matching 3-D (BM3D), is introduced to improve the quality of a blurry electromagnetic pattern generated from near field of a device. Noise distribution in electromagnetic pattern is analyzed. Taking the nonlocal self-similarity into account, the BM3D technique removes the noise of the pattern in a 3-D transformation domain based on sparse representation. First, the noise removal technique was validated well on the profile recovery of weak emission of a microstrip line driven by a square wave. Then, the BM3D technique is applied to improve source localization in a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and also to improve pattern clustering in a double data rate (DDR) synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) integrated circuit (IC). Both the applications demonstrate the effectiveness of the BM3D noise removal technique in the near-field scanning patterns of a device.
Stochastic Differential Equations with Applications to Random Harmonic Oscillators and Wave Propagation in Random Media

The two-time method is used to obtain an expansion, valid for $\varepsilon $ small and t large, of the vector solution $u( {t,\varepsilon } )$ of an abstract ordinary differential equation involving $\varepsilon $. The same method is used to get expansions of functions of u. The results are shown to apply to the solutions of stochastic equations. They are used to find the first two moments and the transition probability of the displacement of a harmonic oscillator with spring constant a random function of t. The result contains the condition for mean square stability due to Stratonovich. The results are also applied to one-dimensional wave propagation through a layer with refractive index a random function of position. They are used to find the mean square amplitude reflection and transmission coefficients, which are just the mean power reflection and transmission coefficients. A graph of the mean square transmission coefficient as a function of layer thickness is presented. The results are also compared .
Development of In Situ Product Recovery (ISPR) System Using Amberlite IRA67 for Enhanced Biosynthesis of Hyaluronic Acid by Streptococcus zooepidemicus

High broth viscosity due to the accumulation of hyaluronic acid (HA) causes a limited yield of HA. It is a major problem of HA production using Streptococcus zooepidemicus. Extractive fermentation via in situ product recovery (ISPR) was utilized to enhance the HA production. Resins from Amberlite: IRA400 Cl; IRA900 Cl; IRA410 Cl; IRA402 Cl; and IRA67 were tested for the HA adsorption. IRA67 showed high adsorption capacity on HA. The study of the adsorption via a 2 L stirred tank bioreactor of S. zooepidemicus fermentation was investigated to elucidate the adsorption of HA onto IRA67 in dispersed and integrated internal column systems. The application of a dispersed IRA67 improved the HA production compared to the fermentation without resin addition by 1.37-fold. The HA production was further improved by 1.36-fold with an internal column (3.928 g/L) over that obtained with dispersed IRA67. The cultivation with an internal column shows the highest reduction of viscosity value after the addition of IRA67 resin: from 58.8 to 23.7 (mPa·s), suggesting the most effective ISPR of HA. The improved biosynthesis of HA indicated that an extractive fermentation by ISPR adsorption is effective and may streamline the HA purification.
Homoepitaxial growth of catalyst-free GaN wires on N-polar substrates

The shape of c-oriented GaN nanostructures is found to be directly related to the crystal polarity. As evidenced by convergent beam electron diffraction applied to GaN nanostructures grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy on c-sapphire substrates: wires grown on nitridated sapphire have the N-polarity ([000math]) whereas pyramidal crystals have Ga-polarity ([0001]). In the case of homoepitaxy, the GaN wires can be directly selected using N-polar GaN freestanding substrates and exhibit good optical properties. A schematic representation of the kinetic Wulff's plot points out the effect of surface polarity.
Age-differential sexual dimorphisms in CHD8-S62X-mutant mouse synapses and transcriptomes

Chd8+/N2373K mice with a human C-terminal-truncating mutation (N2373K) display autistic-like behaviors in juvenile and adult males but not in females. In contrast, Chd8+/S62X mice with a human N-terminal-truncating mutation (S62X) display behavioral deficits in juvenile males (not females) and adult males and females, indicative of age-differential sexually dimorphic behaviors. Excitatory synaptic transmission is suppressed and enhanced in male and female Chd8+/S62X juveniles, respectively, but similarly enhanced in adult male and female mutants. ASD-like transcriptomic changes are stronger in newborn and juvenile (but not adult) Chd8+/S62X males but in newborn and adult (not juvenile) Chd8+/S62X females. These results point to age-differential sexual dimorphisms in Chd8+/S62X mice at synaptic and transcriptomic levels, in addition to the behavioral level.
Modelling of the magnetostrictive trilayer cantilever for actuators

The basic mechanical equilibrium equation is employed to model the cantilever system which consists of two giant magnetostrictive films (GMSFs), one with positive and the other with negative magnetostriction, and a non-magnetic substrate (NMS) for actuators. The bending and loading characteristics of the cantilever system are discussed systematically, and the optimal condition for actuator application is presented. The results show that a thicker substrate is favourable for larger force exerted by the cantilever when one of its sublayer thickness is kept constant. But a thinner substrate is required when the total thickness of the cantilever needs to be kept constant so that a proper balance is needed in choosing the sublayer and substrate thicknesses. It is also found that, to obtain the maximum exerted force, the thickness configuration of GMSFs should be fixed at the optimal value. The GMSF/NMS/ GMSF cantilever is generally superior in loading characteristics to the GMSF/NMS and GMSF/GMSF cantilevers. Our discussion may be helpful to the designing and fabricating of the giant magnetostrictive cantilever actuators with more realistic and optimal geometry.