Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Mass Scale of High-redshift Galaxies: Virial Mass Estimates Calibrated with Stellar Dynamical Models from LEGA-C

Dynamical models for 673 galaxies at z = 0.6–1.0 with spatially resolved (long-slit) stellar kinematic data from LEGA-C are used to calibrate virial mass estimates defined as Mvir=Kσ′⋆,int2R , with K a scaling factor, σ′⋆,int the spatially integrated stellar velocity second moment from the LEGA-C survey, and R the effective radius measured from a Sérsic profile fit to Hubble Space Telescope imaging. The sample is representative for M ⋆ > 3 × 1010 M ⊙ and includes all types of galaxies, irrespective of morphology and color. We demonstrate that using R = R sma (the semimajor axis length of the ellipse that encloses 50% of the light) in combination with an inclination correction on σ′⋆,int produces an unbiased M vir. We confirm the importance of projection effects on σ′⋆,int by showing the existence of a similar residual trend between virial mass estimates and inclination for the nearby early-type galaxies in the ATLAS3D survey. Also, as previously shown, when using a Sérsic profile-based R estimate, a Sérsic index-dependent correction to account for nonhomology in the radial profiles is required. With respect to analogous dynamical models for low-redshift galaxies from the ATLAS3D survey we find a systematic offset of 0.1 dex in the calibrated virial constant for LEGA-C, which may be due to physical differences between the galaxy samples or an unknown systematic error. Either way, with our work we establish a common mass scale for galaxies across 8 Gyr of cosmic time with a systematic uncertainty of at most 0.1 dex.
The Ratio of Perpendicular and Parallel Diffusion Coefficients of Low-energy Particles in Turbulent Space Plasmas

Recently an improved nonlinear theory for the transport of energetic particles across a mean magnetic field has been developed. The latter theory is called the field line–particle decorrelation theory and is the first analytical theory that agrees with test-particle simulations without the need of a correction parameter, nor does the theory contain any other free parameter. In the current paper we derive analytical forms for the ratio of perpendicular and parallel spatial diffusion coefficients κ ⊥/κ ∥ of low-energy particles. In the considered limit the latter ratio is constant meaning that it does not depend on particle energy or rigidity. It is shown that the ratio always has the form κ⊥/κ∥=a2δBx2/B02 if a two-dimensional turbulence model is employed. Furthermore, the parameter a 2 depends only on the shape of the turbulence spectrum but not on the magnetic fields. The obtained results can be important for a variety of applications such as studies of solar modulation and diffusive shock acceleration.
Utilization of INAA Technique for Studying the Negative Impact of Human Activities on Coral Reefs in the Quseir harbour area

Coral reef samples collected from the Egyptian Red Sea coast’s Quseir harbour were analysed using the INAA technique for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The concentration of heavy metals, rare earth elements, and elemental contents were measured in coral reefs. The samples were assembled with their standards and irradiated in Egypt’s Second Research Reactor at the same time (ETRR-2). The gamma-ray spectra of an HPGe detector with a 100 percent relative efficiency were studied. The elements determined are: Al, Ti, Na, K, Mg, V, Cl, Ca, Mn, Cr, As, Co, Zn, Fe, Br, Tb, Zr, Hf, Sb, Ba, Sc, Nd, La, Sm, Ce, Eu, Yb, Ta, U, and Th. The present work is worried about the use of INAA to attain an accurate knowledge about the elemental content in coral reef samples in the Quseir harbour area and revealing potential environmental indicators for heavy metals contamination as well as pollution hot spot throughout this area to assess the public health for workers, tourists, and the surrounding population.
Local moisture recycling across the globe

Abstract. Changes in evaporation over land affect terrestrial precipitation via atmospheric moisture recycling and, consequently, freshwater availability. Although global moisture recycling at regional and continental scales is relatively well understood, the patterns of local moisture recycling and the main variables that impact it remain unknown. We calculate the local moisture recycling ratio (LMR) as the fraction of evaporated moisture that precipitates within a distance of 0.5∘ (typically 50 km) of its source, identify variables that correlate with it over land globally, and study its model dependency. We derive the seasonal and annual LMR using a 10-year climatology (2008–2017) of monthly averaged atmospheric moisture connections at a scale of 0.5∘ obtained from a Lagrangian atmospheric moisture tracking model. We find that, annually, an average of 1.7 % (SD of 1.1 %) of evaporated moisture returns as precipitation locally, although with large temporal and spatial variability, and the LMR peaks in summer and over wet and mountainous regions. Our results show that wetness, orography, latitude, convective available potential energy, wind speed, and total cloud cover correlate clearly with the LMR, indicating that wet regions with little wind and strong ascending air are particularly favourable for a high LMR. Finally, we find that spatial patterns of local recycling are consistent between different models, yet the magnitude of recycling varies. Our results can be used to study the impacts of evaporation changes on local precipitation, with implications for, for example, regreening and water management.
Open Research Online Is homonationalism inﬂuencing public opinion? Experimental and survey evidence from the UK and Romania

Experimental and survey evidence from the UK Romania Homonationalism is a proposed value configuration that promotes both accepting gay people and prejudice towards immigrants and ethnic minorities. This value configuration contrasts with the widely supported theory that all prejudices are positively related, and are explained by underlying causes such as authoritarianism. Although homonationalism has received attention in qualitative research on mass-media and political discourse, this is the first quantitative exploration of the concept. We used data from a society likely to be high on homonationalism (UK), and one likely to be low (Romania). None of our results were consistent with homonationalism, either in an experiment conducted with students (Study 1, N = 110), or in a secondary analysis of data from the same two countries (Study 2, N = 2638). Ethnic prejudice and homophobia were positively related, while homonationalism was negatively related to homophobia and authoritarianism. Homonationalism has little utility as a construct for understanding public opinion at this point in time, and research investigating it at other levels of analysis may be more fruitful.
Risk factors for eating disorder psychopathology within the treatment seeking transgender population: The role of cross-sex hormone treatment Running head: Eating disorder psychopathology in transgender people

Many transgender people experience high levels of body dissatisfaction, which is one of numerous factors known to increase vulnerability to eating disorder symptoms in the cisgender (non-trans) population. Cross-sex hormones can alleviate body dissatisfaction so might also alleviate eating disorder symptoms. This study aimed to explore risk factors for eating disorder symptoms in transgender people and the role of cross-sex hormones. Individuals assessed at a national transgender health service were invited (N=563). Transgender people not on cross-sex hormones reported higher levels of eating disorder psychopathology than people who were. High body dissatisfaction, perfectionism, anxiety symptoms and low self-esteem were risk factors for eating psychopathology but, after controlling for these, significant differences in eating psychopathology between people who were and were not on cross-sex hormones disappeared. Cross-sex hormones may alleviate eating disorder psychopathology. Given the high prevalence of transgender identities, clinicians at eating disorder services should assess for gender identity issues.
Transgressors’ guilt and shame: A longitudinal examination of forgiveness seeking

The current study examines forgiveness from the perspective of the transgressor, an often overlooked aspect of interpersonal forgiveness and a model of forgiveness seeking is proposed. Using a 2-wave longitudinal design, 166 participants completed measures of the characteristics of their transgressions, their feelings of guilt and shame, and their forgiveness-seeking behaviors. Cross-lagged correlational analysis indicated that guilt at time 1 was related to forgiveness seeking at time 2, but the opposite was not true. Path analyses revealed that guilt mediated the impact of transgression and relationship factors (i.e., transgression severity, responsibility, rumination, and relationship commitment) on forgiveness-seeking behavior over time. Shame, however, did not demonstrate any unique relationship with forgiveness-seeking behaviors. These findings suggest that guilt serves as a primary motivator for forgiveness seeking, indicating that it is a particularly important element to consider when working with transgressors. Overall, this study provides a conceptual model of the antecedents of forgiveness-seeking behaviors by transgressors, similar to those available for the antecedents of forgiveness seeking by victims.
UV-B Radiation Induces Epithelial Tumors in Mice Lacking DNA Polymerase (cid:2) and Mesenchymal Tumors in Mice Deﬁcient for DNA Polymerase (cid:3)

DNA polymerase (cid:1) (Pol (cid:1) ) is the product of the Polh gene, which is responsible for the group variant of xeroderma pigmentosum, a rare inherited recessive disease which is characterized by susceptibility to sunlight- induced skin cancer. We recently reported in a study of Polh mutant mice that Pol (cid:1) is involved in the somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes, but the cancer predisposition of Polh (cid:2) / (cid:2) mice has not been examined until very recently. Another translesion synthesis polymerase, Pol (cid:3) , a Pol (cid:1) paralog encoded by the Poli gene, is naturally deﬁcient in the 129 mouse strain, and the function of Pol (cid:3) is enigmatic. Here, we generated Polh Poli double-deﬁcient mice and compared the tumor susceptibility of them with Polh - or Poli- deﬁcient animals under the same genetic background. While Pol (cid:3) deﬁciency does not inﬂuence the UV sensitivity of mouse ﬁbroblasts irrespective of Polh genotype, Polh Poli double-deﬁcient mice show slightly earlier onset of skin tumor formation. Intriguingly, histological diagnosis after chronic treatment with UV light reveals that Pol (cid:3) deﬁciency leads to the formation of mesenchymal tumors, such as sarcomas, that are not observed in Polh (cid:2) / (cid:2) mice. These results suggest the involvement of the Pol (cid:1) and Pol (cid:3) proteins in UV-induced skin carcinogenesis.
대한민국에서의 열공망막박리의 계절에 따른 유병률: 3년간의 전국적 데이터 분석 Seasonal Variation in the Occurrence of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Korea: A Three-year Nationwide Study of the Korean Population

Purpose: Present study aimed to investigate the presence of seasonal variation in the prevalence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to analyze the associations of such variations with meteorological variables. Methods: Nationwide insurance claims data from July 2014 to June 2017 were reviewed. All patients who underwent surgery for RRD were included, but those with a history of ocular trauma were excluded. Meteorological parameters were acquired from the Korea Meteorological Administration. Average monthly temperature ( ℃ ), humidity (%), and hours of sunlight were included in the analysis. Results: In total, 39,410 cases among 32,088 patients were included in this study. RRD reached peak prevalence in the spring, whereas its lowest prevalence was observed in the winter. The highest prevalence was observed in concert with a temperature range of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ , 60% to 70% humidity, and 160 to 200 hours per month of sunlight, and less than 100 mm per month of rainfall. The prevalence of RRD decreased with extreme temperature and humidity and increased rainfall. Conclusions: The prevalence of RRD in Korea exhibits seasonal variations and appears related to meteorological variables. The occurrence of RRD is reduced in extreme weather conditions that limit physical activity. These results show that understanding seasonal and climatic effects on the development of RRD can aid in its prevention and assist in early diagnosis.
Cognitive skill development among undergraduate engineering students

This research paper addresses assessment of numeracy and literacy among engineering students, which are core to problem solving and critical thinking, but challenging to consistently measure. The Essential Adult Skills Initiative (EASI) was a research project involving 20 Canadian postsecondary institutions, designed to measure the literacy, numeracy, and problem-solving skills of incoming and graduating college and university students the Education and Skills Online Assessment (ESO). At one participating institution, the ESO was administered over a two-year window in a cross-sectional approach to 112 first year and 65 fourth year engineering students. Statistically significant improvements were observed from first to fourth year in numeracy ( W = 2634 , p < 0.05 ) , and in literacy ( W = 2743, p > 0.05). Of the fourth year participants, 38% received scores associated with trouble consistently performing critical written analysis, and 49% received scores associated with trouble consistently performing critical numerical analysis. Time spent on test was found to be correlated to final score ( r = 0.35, p < 0.001). These results raise questions concerning the baseline skill level of some graduating engineering undergraduates, and when combined with prior literature also question adequacy of low-stakes standardized tests for measuring complex cognitive skills.
Income Taxes, Gross Hourly Wages, and the Anatomy of Behavioral Responses: Evidence from a Danish Tax Reform

This paper provides quasi-experimental evidence on the effects of income taxes on gross hourly wages by utilizing administrative data and a tax reform in Denmark. The reform introduced joint taxation to a middle tax bracket, bringing large changes to the tax system facing married couples. Using variation in spousal income for identification, we present non-parametric graphical evidence based on a difference-in-differences design among working married males. First, we find hetero- geneous effects across income levels. For low-income workers, taxes have negative and dynamic effects on wages. Their elasticity of wages (with respect to net-of-marginal-tax rates) is close to one. For higher-income workers, the effects are small and static, with an elasticity of approximately 0.2. Second, wages respond to taxes through human capital accumulation and job changes. Finally, with smaller magnitudes than wages, daily hours worked also respond negatively to taxes, which contrasts with the prediction from a standard labor supply-and-demand model.
Modeling and Analysing the Impact of Heat Pump Water Heaters on Distribution Systems Using GridLAB-D

With the constant increase in energy demand, finding ways to reduce peak load and the energy-costs factors has become more imperative. Domestic water heating showcases a significant opportunity for such applications. Water heating is the second-highest energy consumer in the residential sector across the United States. Electric Water Heaters (EWHs), in particular, constitute nearly 43% of American household water heating energy consumption. Heat Pump Water Heaters (HPWHs), on the other hand, are an advanced water heating technology that has recently emerged in the United States residential market. The objectives of this work are to develop a HPWH model and build a case study that evaluates various penetration levels of HPWH in providing reduced peak load and costeffective energy savings for both utilities and customers. The HPWH model was developed and integrated within the GridLAB-D simulation environment. The model behavior was then validated against a real HPWH unit at Portland State University (PSU). The case studies incorporated five HPWH penetration levels, ranging from 20% to 100%. In each case, EWHs were replaced with HPWHs. The results showed that a high penetration level of HPWHs can reduce the energy consumption on a distribution system to 38%.
Learning behaviors, executive functions, and social skills: A meta-analysis on the factors influencing learning development in the transition from kindergarten to elementary school

The linguistic, mathematical, social-emotional, and cognitive precursor competencies are important predictors of learning success already at kindergarten age. A systematic analysis of the state of research on the actual interrelationships of the focused precursor competencies brings together results of a meta-analysis. The literature search yielded 653 hits, which were reduced to 94 hits after applying exclusion criteria. It was possible to perform 271 correlation tests in 39 pathways. Thus, the sample ( [ ]) with an average age of 5.2 years ( years) is balanced in gender ratio of 48.5 % male and 48.9 % female (2.6 % not specified). The largest correlation between literacy and mathematical precursor skills is . With a correlation between and , executive functions significantly influence the development of literacy and mathematical skills and learning behaviors. Learning behaviors are most strongly related to social skills, with . Parental influence turns out to be smaller, with correlations ranging from to . The effect of individual pathways is also small, and peer group was not included in the search term combination. Successful educational processes in day care centers can be improved with a focus on the promotion of executive functions and learning behaviors.
Asset pricing with and without garbage: The overlooked triple-hypothesis problem

Testing consumption-based asset pricing models is a triple hypothesis, which, besides considering alternative consumption measures, requires examining the assumptions for investor preferences and consumption dynamics. We formalize the triple-hypothesis problem in a GMM framework that relaxes the CRRA assumption, jointly estimates consumption growth dynamics with Euler equations, and includes the variance of the risk-free rate as a target moment. We find that using alternative consumption measures (e.g., garbage) does not address the empirical shortcomings of the canonical model with CRRA preferences and i.i. d. consumption growth. Instead, a model with Epstein-Zin preferences, non-i.i. d. consumption dynamics, and BEA consumption performs equally
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY DURING PREGNANCY

: Objectives: The aim of this research is to find out the occurrence of worry and gloominess signs in women ’ s during the period of pregnancy. Methodology: One hundred females with pregnancy were selected in this study who waiting for check-ups before delivery visit in the hospitals of mother care and child birth of Lady Wallington and Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi. They were included in the study if they were found pregnant and they were also giving their willing for this research. One hundred healthy women who were found without pregnancy harmonized on qualification, age, source of income and married status were selected as their controls. This was transverse research work in which non-probability sampling method was utilized. This research work covers the duration of six months. A little question answers session with the participants was carried out for the gathering of demographic data. DSM-IV standards for evaluating the previous psychiatric disease were utilized by the staff of this research work. Hospital Anxiety & Depression scale (HADS) was utilized for the evaluation of signs of worry and depression. Results: Thirty-nine percent females get high marks on cut-off scale of anxiety and eighteen percent females obtain high marks on depression scale. Among healthy women (control group), the occurrence of anxiety and depression was twenty-eight and twelve percent respectively. Seventeen women were getting psychiatric treatment for their mental sufferings. The outcome of T-test concluded an important disparity between pregnant women and their controls about depression & anxiety. Conclusions: The females having baby in their body are facing more depression and anxiety in comparison to their close healthy control females and most of those females are not being checked at that period. More research works are required for the discovery and treatment of these troubles during the period of pregnancy. Medical studies for the psychological health of mothers and its consequences on unborn baby are needed to be assessed.
Human Immunodeﬁciency Virus Env-Independent Infection of Human CD4 2 Cells

CD4 2 epithelial cells covering mucosal surfaces serve as the primary barrier to prevent human immunodeﬁciency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We used HIV-1 vectors carrying the enhanced green ﬂuorescent protein gene as a reporter gene to demonstrate that HIV-1 can infect some CD4 2 human epithelial cell lines with low but signiﬁcant efﬁciencies. Importantly, HIV-1 infection of these cell lines is independent of HIV-1 envelope proteins. The Env-independent infection of CD4 2 cells by HIV-1 suggests an alternative pathway for HIV-1 transmission. Even on virions bearing Env, a neutralizing antibody directed against gp120 is incapable of neutralizing the infection of these cells, thus raising potential implications for HIV-1 vaccine development. Epithelial cells that cover a large surface area are the initial site of contact between the host and human immunodeﬁciency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) in persons who are exposed to the virus or virus-infected cells. Therefore, epithelial cells could play an important role early in HIV-1 infection and in the initial spread of infection. The entry of virus across the epithelial barrier could signiﬁcantly inﬂuence the risk of mucosal
Phase Space Picture of Quantum Mechanics: Group Theoretical Approach

This book covers the theory and applications of the Wigner phase space distribution function and its symmetry properties. The book explains why the phase space picture of quantum mechanics is needed, in addition to the conventional Schrodinger or Heisenberg picture. It is shown that the uncertainty relation can be represented more accurately in this picture. In addition, the phase space picture is shown to be the natural representation of quantum mechanics for modern optics and relativistic quantum mechanics of extended objects.