Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atmospheric Dynamics Patterns in Southern Central Asia Since 800 ka Revealed by Loess‐Paleosol Sequences in Tajikistan

The atmospheric mechanisms responsible for the loess grain‐size variations in central Asia are less clear, and an increasing number of studies have found that the coarse‐grained component is likely supplied by the surface circulation rather than by the westerlies (westerlies circulation). In this study, we attempt to determine the atmospheric dynamics patterns in the Afghan‐Tajik Basin during the past 800 kyr, based on the coarse grain‐size fraction of loess, combined with a study of modern dust transport processes. We suggest that the coarse grain‐size fraction can be used to indicate the intensity of near‐surface winds, while on glacial‐interglacial time scales, the variations of loess grain size in Tajikistan are dominated by Northern Hemisphere ice volume via its effect on the strength of the Siberian High. In addition, we suggest that atmospheric greenhouse gases concentration affected the loess grain size during interglacials via their influence on the temperature of southern high latitudes.
Soil Enzyme Activity and Soil Nutrients Jointly Influence Post-Fire Habitat Models in Mixed-Conifer Forests of Yosemite National Park, USA

Disentangling the relative importance of habitat filtering and dispersal limitations at local scales (<1 km2) in shaping species composition remains an important question in community ecology. Previous studies have examined the relative importance of these mechanisms using topography and selected soil properties. We examined both topography and edaphic properties from 160 locations in the recently burned 25.6 ha Yosemite Forest Dynamics Plot (YFDP) in Yosemite National Park, California, USA. In addition to eight soil chemical properties, we included phosphatases and urease enzymes in a definition of habitat niches, primarily because of their rapid changes with fire (compared to soil nutrients) and also their role in ecosystem function. We applied environmental variables to the distributions of 11 species. More species–habitat associations were defined by soil properties (54.5%) than topographically-defined habitat (45.4%). We also examined the relative importance of spatial and environmental factors in species assemblage. Proportions explained by spatial and environmental factors differed among species and demographic metrics (stem abundance, basal area increment, mortality, and recruitment). Spatial factors explained more variation than environmental factors in stem abundance, mortality, and recruitment. The contributions of urease and acid phosphatase to habitat definition were significant for species abundance and basal area increment. These results emphasize that a more complete understanding of niche parameters is needed beyond simple topographic factors to explain species habitat preference. The stronger contribution of spatial factors suggests that dispersal limitation and unmeasured environmental variables have high explanatory power for species assemblage in this coniferous forest.
A Rare Case of Invasive Mature Teratoma of the Uterus

Teratoma is a germ cell tumor usually occurs in young people, it is derived from germinal layers and main sites of this tumor are ovary. Few cases have been reported with teratoma of uterus in English literature till now. We want to describe a mature teratoma of uterus with aggressive behavior in 24-year-old women.
Microcircuitry of Performance Monitoring

Acknowledgments This work was supported by R01-MH55806, P30-EY08126, and by Robin and Richard Patton through the E. Bronson Ingram Chair in Neuroscience. We thank J. Easley M. Feurtado, M. Maddox, P. Middlebrooks, S. Motorny, J. Parker, M. Schall, C.R. Subraveti, A. Tomarken, and L. Toy for animal care and other technical assistance. We thank J. Brown, M. Cox, K. Dougherty, S. Errington, A. Maier, V. Stuphorn, A. Tomarken, and J. Westerberg for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript. Conflicts of interest None Cortical circuit mechanisms in medial frontal cortex enabling executive control are unknown. Hence, in monkeys performing a saccade countermanding task to earn larger or smaller fluid rewards, we sampled spiking and synaptic activity simultaneously across all layers of the supplementary eye field (SEF), an agranular cortical area contributing to performance monitoring in nonhuman primate and human studies. Laminar-specific synaptic currents with associated spike rate facilitation and suppression represented error production, reward gain or loss feedback, and reward delivery. The latency, polarity and magnitude of current and spike rate modulation were not predicted by the canonical cortical microcircuit. Pronounced synaptic currents in layer 2/3, which are modulated by loss magnitude, will contribute to the error-related negativity (ERN) and feedback-related negativity (FRN). These unprecedented findings reveal critical features of the cortical microcircuitry supporting performance monitoring and demonstrate that SEF can contribute to the error‐ and feedback-related negativity. Subject terms countermanding, stop signal task, goal selection, response inhibition, executive control, canonical cortical microcircuit, error-related negativity, reinforcement learning, reward prediction error
Day-of-the-Week Effect and Investors’ Psychological Mood Testing in a Highly Mispriced Capital Market

Research Aims: This research examines investors’ psychological moods which cause day-of-the-week anomalies in highly mispriced stock markets. Design/methodology/approach: We use a sample from the Indonesian capital market as, in the Asian region, this country is considered to have a highly mispriced capital market. We decompose the stock price index in Indonesia into speculative, less speculative, and non-speculative indexes. We employ the mean and variance regressions to control the heteroscedasticity and serial correlation. Novelties: Our novelties are two fold. We postulate a method to decompose stock price indexes in Indonesia (the JKSE, LQ 45, and Kompas 100) into speculative, less speculative, and non-speculative indexes. Secondly, we estimate the mean and variance levels simultaneously to get a robust estimation result of the anomaly. Research Findings: We empirically find that the behavior mood hypothesis is supported only during normal periods, when investors tend to be irrational and use their good mood to trade on speculative stocks on a Wednesday and sell them on Monday. In other periods, rationality and psychological effects play a role with Indonesian investors, when their mood is good they are more active in trading less speculative stocks, to avoid higher risks and earn higher returns from those less speculative and non-speculative stocks.
What Is Known About Bilingual Counseling? A Systematic Review of the Literature

Atsuko Seto, PhD, NCC, ACS, LPC, is an associate professor at The College of New Jersey. Nancy L. A. Forth, PhD, NCC, LPC, is a professor and program coordinator at the University of Central Missouri. Correspondence may be addressed to Atsuko Seto, 2000 Pennington Road, Ewing, NJ 08628, seto@tcnj.edu. The Professional CounselorTM Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 393–405 http://tpcjournal.nbcc. org © 2020 NBCC, Inc. and Affiliates doi:10.15241/as.10. 3.393
Etude du genre Tyromyces sensu lato : Répartition dans les genres Lepto-porus, Spongiporus et Tyromyces sensu stricto

L'auteur etudie les principaux representants europeens du genre Tyromyces. Se basant sur des caracteres d'ordre divers, caracteres morphologiques et anatomiques du carpophore et du mycelium, oxydases, polarite et comportement nucleaire, il montre l'heterogeneite de ce genre. Il propose son eclatement en trois genres : genre Leptoporus avec L. mollis, type du genre Leptoporus, genre Tyromyces avec T. chioneus et kmetii, et genre Spongiporus qui comprend de nombreuses especes a spores allantoides, germant au laboratoire avec difficulte, et presentant un comportement nucleaire normal du mycelium ; T. wynnei est transfere dans le genre Heteropus. A l'occasion de ce travail, une nouvelle espece est decrite : Spongiporus luteocaesius. Les especes nouvellement recoltees en France sont les suivantes : Tyromyces kmetii, Spongiporus guttulatus, lowei, undosus, et Heteroporus wynnei. Tyromyces kmetii non connu d'Amerique a ete recolte par l'auteur en Louisiane. Enfin des interfertilites montrent ou confirment l'identite de recoltes americaines et europeennes notamment pour Spongiporus stipticus, undosus et Tyromyces spraguei.
In-service teacher professional development: The pathway to ICT integration in teaching and learning; The case of a school in Nairobi Kenya

Some basic education teachers hold the view that there are many old, tried and tested pedagogic skills that are successful. This is justifiable where basic education learners have successfully undertaken and passed national examinations having been through the hands of such teachers. However, the use of modern Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools is proving to be a “game changer” in many sectors of the economy, education included. Educational technology has been in place for many years; however, the use of modern ICT tools has the ability to make the learning environment more learner centered as opposed to being teacher centered. The role of the teacher is changing from being the sole source of information in a classroom to a facilitator, organizer and a guide who helps learners to get the right information among many sources available. Frequent up-date of the skill set of a teacher in the modern world is what improves the confidence of a teacher towards abandoning old pedagogic skills for new ones that can improve the teaching and learning environment. This paper looks at in-service training as a platform towards development and acquisition of new pedagogies that accommodate the use of modern ICT tools in the classroom. Integration of ICT in teaching and learning environments can bring about demystification of complex ideas in different subject areas as well as the creation of a learner-centered environment in and outside the classroom. Seasoned teachers at all levels of education may find it hard to abandon old teaching styles but according to John Dewey “if we teach the learner of today the same way we were taught, we deny them their tomorrow”. In any education system the existing number of teachers will always exceed the one of the new in-coming teachers. The new teachers – even when they possess new pedagogic approaches that allow ICT integration – fall into the existing systems and ways of teaching very fast and may not have the desired effect in changing the status quo. Training those in service thus becomes a necessity if the entire teaching force is expected to integrate modern ICT tools in teaching and learning. A case study was used to come up with descriptive statistics from a questionnaire that was given to a purposively selected sample due to the nature of the Teacher Professional Development (TPD) that was employed for that population. This study found that TPD can ensure that teachers take change willingly, and confidently employ new skills they learn in their teaching. The study recommends frequent and scheduled TPD courses – that can be evaluated – for all in-service teachers particularly on contemporary issues such as use of modern ICT tools in teaching and learning environments.
A study of the impact of x-ray tube performance on angiography system imaging efficiency

This work compared the impact of x-ray tube performance and automatic dose rate control (ADRC) parameter selection on system imaging efficiency of two Siemens angiography systems: a Siemens Megalix x-ray tube installed on an Artis Zee system (denoted ‘MEGALIX’) and a newer generation Gigalix x-ray tube installed on an Artis Q (denoted ‘GIGALIX’). A method was used that accounted for two potential sources of bias in this comparison: differences in radiation output between the x-ray tubes and differences between the x-ray detectors on the two systems. First, ADRC x-ray factors (tube voltage, tube current, pulse length, focus size, spectral prefilter) and radiation output were recorded as a function of poly(methyl) methacrylate (PMMA) thickness on the MEGALIX unit. These factors were then applied manually on the GIGALIX system and incident air kerma rate (IAKR) and signal difference to noise ratio (SDNR) were measured. Second, the ADRC on the GIGALIX system was used to give the x-ray factors and both IAKR and SDNR relevant to the GIGALIX based system directly. This method enabled the SDNR to be measured from images acquired on the same x-ray detector. SDNR and IAKR were measured on both systems using a PMMA phantom covering thicknesses from 6 cm to 40 cm. A small 0.3 mm iron insert was used to measure SDNR, which was then multiplied by modulation transfer function based weighting factors for focal spot blurring and motion blurring. These factors were evaluated for an object motion of 25 mm s−1 and at a spatial frequency of 1.4 mm−1 in the object plane, relevant to interventional cardiology, giving a spatial frequency dependent SDNR(u). In the second phase of the study, a technical figure of merit (FOM) was used to express imaging performance of both systems, calculated as SDNR2(u)/IAKR. Averaged over all phantom thicknesses, the FOM of the GIGALIX-based system was 42% and 73% higher compared to that of the MEGALIX based system, for fluoroscopy and acquisition mode respectively. The results indicate that increased x-ray tube power and smaller foci can improve overall system efficiency and reduce doses.
Effects of star anise (Illicium verum Hook.f.), essential oil, and leavings on growth performance, serum, and liver antioxidant status of broiler chickens

SUMMARY An experiment using 384 one‐day‐old male Arbor Acres broilers that were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 8 replicates in a completely randomized design was conducted to assess the effects of star anise (Illicium verum Hook.f.), essential oil, and leavings on growth performance and antioxidant status of broiler chickens. The treatments were corn‐soybean meal based diets supplemented with 5 g/kg star anise, 0.2 g/kg essential oil, and 5 g/kg leavings of the diets for 42 days. All broilers had similar feed conversions over the entire experimental period. However, broilers supplemented with star anise and its essential oil had higher (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI than those of the control and leavings. Supplementation of star anise and its essential oil increased (P < 0.05) activities of super dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase but decreased (P < 0.05) content of malondialdehyde in the serum of broilers at 21 d and 42 d of age. And it also increased (P < 0.05) activities of super dismutase and catalase but decreased (P < 0.05) concentrations of malondialdehyde in the liver of broilers at the same periods. Dietary supplementation of star anise and its essential oil improved growth performance and serum and liver antioxidant status. The efficacy is best at 5 g/kg star anise or 0.2 g/kg essential oil in the diet.
Mediation Analysis and Warranted Inferences in Media and Communication Research: Examining Research Design in Communication Journals From 1996 to 2017

The number of studies employing mediation analysis has increased exponentially in the past two decades. Focusing on research design, this study examines 387 articles in the Journal of Communication, Human Communication Research, Communication Research, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, and Media Psychology between 1996 and 2017. Findings show that while most studies report statistically significant indirect effects, they are inadequate to make causal inferences. Authors also often infer that they uncovered the “true” mediator(s) while alternative models and mediators are rarely acknowledged. Future studies should pay more attention to the role of research design and its implications for making causal inferences.
Socioeconomic, comorbidity, lifestyle, and quality of life comparisons between chronic rhinosinusitis phenotypes

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory sinonasal disorders with key defining symptoms, but traditionally separated into phenotypes by clinical/endoscopic findings. It is not known whether the two phenotypes have differing socioeconomic, comorbidity, and lifestyle differences. This analysis of the Chronic Rhinosinusitis Epidemiology Study (CRES) database sought to analyze any key differences in the socioeconomic variables between those with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) and those without nasal polyps (CRSsNPs). We also sought to analyze differences in comorbidities, lifestyle, and quality of life.
Monetary policy and exchange rate regime in tourist islands

The broad impact of the travel industry on economies has been comprehensively analysed in the tourism literature. Despite this, its consequences for monetary policy have remained unaddressed. This article aims at providing a first approach in this line for the case of three small tourist islands such as Cabo Verde, Mauritius and Seychelles. The research is based on a Bayesian estimation using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model (DSGE), and the optimal response to a tourism demand shock of four monetary policies is analysed. According to the results, both a conventional peg and an inflation-targeting policies achieve better economic performance. More precisely, the inflation is lower in the former. However, the rise in consumption and the gain in the external competitiveness are sharper in the latter. Finally, the other two policies, an inflation-targeting with managed exchange rate policy and an imported-inflation targeting policies, generate higher consumption and external competitiveness, but, also higher inflation and interest rate.
Classifying the migration behaviors of pronghorn on their northern range

Migration functions as an adaptive strategy to improve fitness by allowing individuals to exploit spatiotemporal gradients of resources. Yet migration, especially among large ungulates, is increasingly threatened by human activities, making it necessary to understand variation in migratory behavior. We identified different movement strategies for pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) at the northern limit of the species’ range, and tested hypotheses for variation between migratory behaviors. From 2003–2010, we captured 185 female pronghorn across Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada, and Montana, USA. We identified discrete migratory behaviors, including seasonal migration, facultative winter migration, potential post-fawning migration, and the use of stopover sites. Fifty-five percent of individuals undertook seasonal migrations, and we recorded the longest reported round-trip migration for the species at 888 km. Some (22%) seasonal migrations included 1 stopover sites, with significantly greater use of stopovers during spring than fall. Migrants (34%) and residents (20%) undertook facultative winter migrations, with the majority (68%) undertaken by migrants. Additionally, 12% of individuals exhibited potential post-fawning migrations. For each season, we estimated a suite of movement metrics and used multivariate statistics to compare movement similarities across migration behaviors. Correspondence analyses revealed 3 groupings of migration behavior. Spring migration was its own grouping, characterized by more sinuous and slower movements, consistent with the forage maturation hypothesis. Fall migration, facultative winter migration, and potential postfawning migration clustered in a single group that displayed linear, fast movements, consistent with being influenced by ecologically limited resources such as severe winters or predation avoidance. Lastly, spring and fall stopover sites were grouped together as a means to use high-quality forage during migration, also consistent with the forage maturation hypothesis. At the northern periphery of pronghorn range, differences between migratory behaviors are influenced by various ecological factors, merit increased attention, and contribute to overall persistence. 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Impact of season on antioxidants, nutritional metabolic status, cortisol and heat shock proteins in Hariana and Sahiwal cattle

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of summer and winter seasons on antioxidant status, body reserve mobilization and biomarkers of stress in Hariana and Sahiwal cows. Twelve lactating cows (six of each Hariana and Sahiwal cows) were included in summer (May to July) and winter season (November to January) study. Microclimatic observations were recorded on daily basis during the experimental period. In both seasons, blood samples were collected at fortnightly intervals for analysis of total antioxidant activity, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-Hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), heat shock protein 70 and 90 (HSP70 and HSP90). Antioxidant activity reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in Hariana cattle during summers as compared to winters; whereas, seasonal variation exerts no effect on antioxidant activity in Sahiwal. Blood NEFA concentration was similar among both the breeds over both the seasons but reduced significantly (p < 0.05) during summer season as compared to winters in both the breeds. BHBA concentration was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in Hariana cows than Sahiwal cows during winters, however, no effect on BHBA level was observed during summer season in both the breeds. Significantly, lower plasma cortisol level (p < 0.05) was found during winter season in Sahiwal as well as Hariana cows. Further, Sahiwal exhibited lower plasma cortisol as compared to Hariana in both the seasons. HSP 70 and 90 showed non-significant differences between breeds within both the seasons. However, significantly, lower plasma HSP 70 levels (p < 0.05) were reported during winter season in Sahiwal as well as in Hariana cows. Results of present study revealed that indigenous Sahiwal is more heat tolerant as compared to Hariana breed.
Mapping Out Unequal Englishes in English-Medium Classrooms

ABSTRACT The link between globalization and the spread of English is well established in the literature, resulting in the emergence and burgeoning of studies on the pluralization and localization of English. However, Englishes are also valued unequally and, thus, impact the lives and identities of their speakers differently as well. This paper aims to discuss the politics of Unequal Englishes by mapping out the specific ways inequalities of Englishes are realized in classrooms in Singapore. This requires mapping out accurately both the dynamics of locally produced but globally shaped teaching of English, as well as concrete instantiations of culturally responsive pedagogies which aim to make learning and teaching more nondiscriminatory and equitable.
A new computational method for a model of C. elegans biomechanics: Insights into elasticity and locomotion performance

An organism's ability to move freely is a fundamental behaviour in the animal kingdom. To understand animal locomotion requires a characterisation of the material properties, as well as the biomechanics and physiology. We present a biomechanical model of C. elegans locomotion together with a novel finite element method. We formulate our model as a nonlinear initial-boundary value problem which allows the study of the dynamics of arbitrary body shapes, undulation gaits and the link between the animal's material properties and its performance across a range of environments. Our model replicates behaviours across a wide range of environments. It makes strong predictions on the viable range of the worm's Young's modulus and suggests that animals can control speed via the known mechanism of gait modulation that is observed across different media.