Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Temporal Trends of Burnt Area in Angola: Implications for Natural Vegetation and Protected Area Management

Fire is a key driver of natural ecosystems in Africa. However, human activity and climate change have altered fire frequency and severity, with negative consequences for biodiversity conservation. Angola ranks among the countries with the highest fire activity in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we investigated the spatial and temporal trends of the annual burnt area in Angola, from 2001 to 2019, and their association with terrestrial ecoregions, land cover, and protected areas. Based on satellite imagery, we analyzed the presence of significant trends in burnt area, applying the contextual Mann–Kendall test and the Theil–Sen slope estimator. Data on burnt areas were obtained from the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) burnt area product and the analyses were processed in TerrSet. Our results showed that ca. 30% of the country’s area burned every year. The highest percentage of annual burnt area was found in northeast and southeast Angola, which showed large clusters of decreasing trends of burnt area. The clusters of increasing trends were found mainly in central Angola, associated with savannas and grasslands of Angolan Miombo woodlands. The protected areas of Cameia, Luengue-Luiana, and Mavinga exhibited large areas of decreasing trends of burnt area. Conversely, 23% of the Bicuar National Park was included in clusters of increasing trends. Distinct patterns of land cover were found in areas of significant trends, where the clusters of increasing trends showed a higher fraction of forest cover (80%) than the clusters of decreasing trends (55%). The documentation of burnt area trends was very important in tropical regions, since it helped define conservation priorities and management strategies, allowing more effective management of forests and fires in countries with few human and financial resources.
Vibrationally excited HC3N emission in NGC 1068: tracing the recent star formation in the starburst ring

Using ALMA data, we have studied the HC$_3$N and continuum emission in the starburst ring (SB ring) and the circumnuclear disc (CND) of the SB/AGN composite galaxy NGC 1068. We have detected emission from vibrationally excited HC$_3$N (HC$_3$N*) only towards one star-forming region of the SB ring. Remarkably, HC$_3$N* was not detected towards the CND despite its large HC$_3$N $v=0$ column density. From LTE and non-LTE modelling of HC$_3$N*, we obtained a dust temperature of $ T_\text{dust} \sim 250$ K and a density of $n_{\text{H}_2}=6\times10^5$ cm$^{-3}$ for this star-forming region. The estimated IR luminosity of $5.8\times10^8$ L$_\odot$ is typical of proto-Super Star Clusters (proto-SSC) observed in the SB galaxy NGC 253. We use the continuum emissions at $147$ GHz and $350$ GHz, along with CO and Pa $\alpha$, to estimate the ages of other $14$ SSCs in the SB ring. We find the youngest SSCs to be associated with the region connecting the nuclear bar with the SB ring, supporting the scenario of sequential star formation. For the CND, our analysis yields $T_\text{dust} \leqslant 100$ K and $n_{\text{H}_2}\sim(3-6)\times10^5$cm$^{-3}$. The very different dust temperatures found for the CND and the proto-SSC indicates that, while the dust in the proto-SSC is being efficiently heated from the inside by the radiation from massive proto-stars, the CND is being heated externally by the AGN, which in the IR optically thin case can only heat the dust to $56$ K. We discuss the implications of the non-detection of HC$_3$N* near the luminous AGN in NGC 1068 on the interpretation of the HC$_3$N* emission observed in the SB/AGN composite galaxies NGC 4418 and Arp 220.
First records of Inocybe melleiconica and I. pararubens for Northern Europe with a new variety from the alpine zone of the Scandinavian mountains

Inocybe melleiconica and I. pararubens are reported as new for Northern Europe, from the alpine zone of Scandinavia. I. melleiconica is rather common on rich and more calcareous soils and usually associated with Salix herbacea . I. pararubens seems to be a rather rare species in the alpine zone and only encountered on calcareous soils on wet ground, associated with Salix reticulata and S. herbacea . We describe I. pararubens var. padjelantae to accommodate the alpine collections of I. pararubens . This tax-on is also identified from Canada, arctic tundra of Keewatin. I. pararubens var. pararubens is recorded as new for Sweden, where it was found associated with Tilia cordata, on rich calcareous soil on the west coast of the country. I. castaneicolor is identified as a later synonym of I. pararubens . The spores of the alpine collections of both species treated here were found to be clearly broader than the ones given in the original descriptions.
The mediating role of boreout in the effects of mobbing on service innovation performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between mobbing and service innovation performance. In this context, the mediating role of boreout, a new concept in the literature, was examined. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted with 240 participants recruited in manufacturing companies affiliated with Adana Chamber of Industry in the province of Adana Turkey in November 2019. The research was analyzed by the structural equation modeling method with the social exchange theory basis. Findings Findings revealed that boreout and mobbing were negatively associated with service innovation performance. Mobbing was positively associated with boreout and job boredom. According to the finding of this study, boreout partially mediated the effect of the mobbing on service innovation performance. Originality/value This study reveals the association among mobbing, boreout and service innovation performances of employees of companies operating in manufacturing sector. The findings of this study provide important practical knowledge to businesses and academics regarding the field of management, entrepreneurship and innovation.
Examining Relationships Among Concert Band Directors’ Efficacious Sources, Self-Efficacy for Teaching Strategies, and Effective Teaching Skills

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent that concert band directors’ self-efficacy for teaching strategies was influenced by its four sources: mastery experiences, verbal persuasions, vicarious experiences, and physiological state. A secondary purpose was to investigate possible relationships between directors’ self-efficacy and self-perceptions of effective teaching. Participants were high school concert band directors (N = 610). They responded to the Concert Band Directors’ Self-Efficacy for Teaching Strategies Scale, Sources of Self-Efficacy for Concert Band Teaching Scale, and a scale for effective teaching abilities. Directors’ self-efficacy for teaching strategies were influenced most by mastery experiences, followed by verbal persuasions, physiological state, and vicarious experiences. Participants’ self-efficacy scores associated with their experience level and the influence of each source on self-efficacy differed between early-, mid-, and late-career directors. Furthermore, participants who reported greater self-efficacy for teaching strategies also rated themselves as more confident for using effective teaching skills.
Development of a New Business Model to Measure Organizational and Project-Level SDG Impact—Case Study of a Water Utility Company

Achievement of the United Nations’ 2030 Global Goals for Sustainability is of paramount importance. However, for engineers and project managers to take meaningful action, they need the practical tools, processes and leadership to turn grand rhetoric into viable engineering solutions. Linking infrastructure project sustainability performance to sustainable development goals (SDG) targets is problematic. This article builds on the previous development of an innovative infrastructure business model, called the “Infrastructure SDG Impact-Value Chain” (IVC) to link local-level project delivery with global-level SDG impacts. It uses a case study of a water utility company to demonstrate how the IVC business model can integrate the “triple bottom line” to ensure the balanced definition of success across economic, environmental and social thematic areas. The results led to a proposed methodology for business leaders to align stakeholders on a common definition of project success during the design phase. The study includes the selection of longer-term outcomes and strategic SDG impacts, which, it is suggested, are improved definitions of project success. Although the findings that are from a single case study cannot automatically be extended to the entire water industry, the study’s methodology has potential to be used to evaluate multiple projects across different sectors. The practical application is significant since it offers the flexibility to be used at both project and portfolio levels, thereby linking tactical delivery to organisational SDG impacts and leading to improved investment decisions with increased likelihood of success in achieving the SDG 2030 targets.
Stories of Calling: How Called Professionals Construct Narrative Identities

Experiencing work as a calling has been described as the ideal of a truly positive experience of work. But what we know about how called professionals construct identities as people who are called to their work is incomplete. Discussions about callings are often framed as narratives—stories of people’s callings—yet little is known about how professionals incorporate a wide variety of life events into coherent stories that support their identity claims. To understand this process, we analyzed the narratives of 236 individuals from four professions. We found two ways our participants identified their callings: discernment and exploration. Discerners journeyed toward their destiny, which was their one true calling. Explorers actively searched for work they loved, but destiny played no role. Through a series of lived experiences, called professionals’ identities took shape as they were enacted, with their callings strengthening over time. After identifying their calling, each of these professionals engaged in two crucial processes for integrating self and work as they lived their calling. Like other professionals, called professionals sought legitimacy in their fields by demonstrating mastery and receiving affirmation. Yet their sense of calling simultaneously propelled them to craft personal authenticity through tailoring their own unique enactment of the role.
Evaluation of Patient Factors Associated With Achieving Goal Hemoglobin A1c in Collaborative Drug Therapy Management Ambulatory Care Clinics by Clinical Pharmacists: A Retrospective Chart Review

Background: Literature has shown the positive impact pharmacists have on diabetic outcome measures through collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM). There is minimal literature evaluating characteristics and clinical factors of patients who benefit from CDTM diabetes clinics by pharmacists. Objective: Identify patient characteristics and clinical factors that may be associated with patients who reach goal hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of <7% at discharge by pharmacists practicing under CDTM agreements. Methods: This retrospective chart review included patients referred to pharmacist CDTM clinics for type 2 diabetes with an HbA1c goal of <7%. Data were extracted from the electronic medical record at enrollment and discharge. Results: Of the 228 patients included, 84 achieved a goal HbA1c of <7%. Factors predictive of patient success were Asian ethnicity (odds ratio [OR] = 19.32), baseline HbA1c of 7% to 7.9% (OR = 2.34), enrolled in clinic for 5 to 6 months (OR = 2.06), in-person visit every 4 to <8 weeks (OR = 3.06), not on insulin initially or at discharge (OR = 1.79, OR = 2.02), or discharged on a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (OR = 1.83). Factors predictive of not reaching goal were Black or African American ethnicity (OR = 0.42), <5 encounters of any type (OR = 0.44), an encounter of any type every 8 weeks or more (OR = 0.08), or discharged on a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (OR = 0.27). Conclusion: Several clinical and demographic factors were identified that influenced a patient’s ability to reach a goal HbA1c of <7%. The results of this study may be applied to further advance pharmacist-run clinics in optimizing diabetes care for patients.
Some best‐fit probability distributions for at‐site flood frequency analysis of the Ume River

At‐site flood frequency analysis is a direct method of flood estimation at a given site. The choice of an appropriate probability distribution and parameter estimation method plays a vital role in at‐site frequency analysis. In the current article, flood frequency analysis is carried out at five gauging sites of the Ume River in Sweden. Generalised extreme value, three‐parameter log‐normal, generalised logistic and Gumbel distributions are fitted to the annual maximum peak flow data. The L‐moment and the maximum likelihood methods are used to estimate the parameters of the distributions. Based on different goodness‐of‐fit tests and accuracy measures, the three‐parameter log‐normal distribution has been identified as the best‐fitted distribution by using the L‐moments method of estimation for gauging sites Harrsele Krv, Gardiken and Överuman Nedre. The generalised extreme value distribution with the L‐moments estimation provided the best fit to maximum annual streamflow at gauging sites Solberg and Stornorrfors Krv. Finally, the best‐fitted distribution for each gauging site is used to predict the maximum flow of water for return periods of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 years.
Linguistic Assimilation Does Not Reduce Discrimination Against Immigrants: Evidence from Germany

Abstract Many western liberal democracies have witnessed increased discrimination against immigrants and opposition to multiculturalism. Prior research identifies ethno-linguistic differences between immigrant and native populations as the key source of such bias. Linguistic assimilation has therefore been proposed as an important mechanism to reduce discrimination and mitigate conflict between natives and immigrants. Using large-scale field experiments conducted in 30 cities across Germany – a country with a high influx of immigrants and refugees – we empirically test whether linguistic assimilation reduces discrimination against Muslim immigrants in everyday social interactions. We find that it does not; Muslim immigrants are no less likely to be discriminated against even if they appear to be linguistically assimilated. However, we also find that ethno-linguistic differences alone do not cause bias among natives in a country with a large immigrant population and state policies that encourage multiculturalism.
Measuring Energetics of Biological Processes

Measurement of the energetics of biological processes is the key component in understanding the thermodynamic responses of homoeothermic animals to their environments. For these animals to achieve body temperature control, they must adapt to thermal-environmental conditions and variations caused by weather (the meteorological condition of a region), climate, vegetation, topography, and shelters (see Figures 2 and 3 of Chapter 1). Adaptation can take different forms as defined by Hafez (1968). Physiological adaptation is the capacity and process of adjustment of the animal to itself, to other living material, and to its external physical environment. Genetic adaptation refers to the selection and heritability of characteristics for a particular environment or climatic region. A long-term adaptive physiological adjustment is referred to as acclimatization. We know this occurs through observations of animal conformation, animal types, respiratory rate, color, behavior, food selection, etc. Since adaptation of the animal to its thermal environment requires regulation of body temperature, measurement of that adaptation through animal energetics provides an indicator of the extent and energetic cost of adaptation.
Stress-Induced Transcriptional Memory Accelerates Promoter-Proximal Pause-Release and Decelerates Termination over Mitotic Divisions

Heat shock triggers an instant reprogramming of gene and enhancer transcription, but whether cells encode a memory to stress, at the level of nascent transcription, has remained unknown. Here, we measured transcriptional response to acute heat stress in unconditioned cells and in daughters of cells that had been exposed to a single or multiple heat shocks. Tracking RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) genome-wide at nucleotide-resolution revealed that cells precisely remember their transcriptional identity throughout stress, restoring Pol II distribution at gene bodies and enhancers upon recovery. However, single heat shock primed faster gene-induction in the daughter cells by increasing promoter-proximal Pol II pausing, and accelerating the pause-release. In repeatedly stressed cells, both basal and inducible transcription was refined, and pre-mRNA processing decelerated, which retained transcripts on chromatin and reduced recycling of the transcription machinery. These results mechanistically uncovered how the steps of pause-release and termination maintain transcriptional memory over mitosis. Highlights -Cell type-specific transcription precisely recovers after heat-induced reprogramming -Single heat shock primes genes for accelerated induction over mitotic divisions via increased promoter-proximal Pol II pausing and faster pause-release -Multiple heat shocks refine basal and inducible transcription over mitotic divisions to support survival of the daughter cells -Decelerated termination at active genes reduces recycling of Pol II to heat-activated promoters and enhancers -HSF1 increases the rate of promoter-proximal pause-release via distal and proximal regulatory elements
Wet oxidation of inhibitory compounds of distillery spent wash over ferrous sulfate catalyst

Abstract In a distillery, controlled wet oxidation of biomethanated spent wash improves biogas recovery and subsequent biodegradation of wash water. This work is a model compound study on wet air oxidation (WAO) of four inhibitory organic compounds present in spent wash: 5-hydroxymethyl furfuraldehyde (HMF), p-coumaric acid (PCA), oleic acid (OA), and t-butyl alcohol (TBA). Using homogeneous ferrous sulfate catalyst (loading 16–48 mg/L) in a batch reactor, wet oxidation was studied between 175 and 230 °C at 0.69, 1.38, and 2.07 MPa oxygen partial pressure. Low molecular weight organic acids were formed during the oxidation process. At T = 230 °C, BOD/COD values as high as 0.87, 0.74, 0.66, and 0.58 were achieved for the reactions with HMF, PCA, OA, and TBA. Power law modeling suggested first-order kinetics of destruction of total organic carbon (TOC). From Arrhenius plots, the activation energy values were determined. This model compound study will improve our understanding of the reactivity of toxic and refractory compounds of wash water in the oxidation process.
When Do Unions Matter to Social Policy? Organized Labor and Leave Legislation in US States

Abstract:Trade union institutions are historically and comparatively weak in the United States, and union membership has been in steady decline over several decades. Scholars thus question the contemporary relevance of organized labor to social policy. Yet, there is considerable state-level variation in social policy and union institutional strength that remains underexamined. Focusing on variability across US states, this paper uses mixed-methods analysis to examine relationships between organized labor and parental and family leave legislation under varying political conditions. Event history analysis of state-level leave policy adoption from 1983 to 2016 shows that union institutional strength, particularly in the public sector, is positively associated with the timing of leave policy adoption. These findings are robust to the inclusion of other factors, including Democratic control of state houses, which is also shown to facilitate leave policy adoption. Comparative case studies support event history findings and illustrate how state house partisanship informs the level of government that leave advocates target for policy change. The paper concludes by suggesting further attention to subnational policies and investigation into the social movement practice of target-shifting and its effects. Ultimately, the paper demonstrates the operation of power resources at the subnational level within a liberal market national context.
Self-Acceptance from Aqidah and Gender Perspectives

This research seeks to determine the relationships between aqidah and self-acceptance, as well as the gender differences in self-acceptance. This research is a quantitative study, using quota sampling as a sampling technique. This study involved 215 students that were spreading in several universities in Special Region of Yogyakarta. The instrument used in this research was a modification of the Unconditional Self-acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ) which had an alpha coefficient of 0,841 and Aqidah Scale which had an alpha coefficient of 0,893. The first hypothesis for the relationship between aqidah and selfacceptance was analyzed by non-parametric spearman rho that showed insignificant result. This means there is no significant relationship between aqidah and self-acceptance. The second hypothesis for the comparison of self-acceptance between men and women that analyzed by independent sample t-test showed significant differences, which is men had higher self-acceptance
Autoethnographic Dance and Transformative Learning: Exploring Self-Reflexive Identity Work and Change

This retrospective case study investigated how learners in a transformative autoethnographic dance course engaged in and navigated self-reflexive identity work and corresponding learning outcomes. Data were drawn from 15 diverse undergraduate students enrolled in a course for credit at an urban community college. Findings indicated that learners used choreographic motifs to evoke emotional aspects of a biographic experience and to manage their emotional vulnerability. Learners differed in their self-disclosure, types of reflection, and degree of resolution in their dance narratives. Transformation of identity was found for one third of the class with evidence of change both from exploration of preconscious emotions and epistemic change in perspective.
Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa di Kabupaten Wonosobo

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transparansi dan akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan desa di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode survei, dengan sasaran penelitian yaitu masyarakatyang tinggal pada sembilan desa di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Penentuan teknik dalam penggambilan sampel menggunakanmulti stage cluster systematic sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel 100 responden. Sedangkan teknikanalisis yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan keuangan desa yang ada selama ini sudah dikelola secara optimal dengan mengedepankan transparansi dan akuntabilitas sesuai dengan ketentuan. Transparansi keuangan didukung dengan kemudahan akses informasi keuangan secara offline dan online, mekanisme kontrol dari anggota masyarakat dan lembaga desa, dan juga model publikasi yang mudah dimengerti dan dipahami oleh masyarakat. Selain itu, keuangan desa telah dikelola secara akuntabel oleh pemerintah desa yang dapat dilihat dari kesesuaian antara kegiatan dengan prosedur pelaksanaan, adanya sanksi dengan mengedepankan pencegahan penyalahgunaan keuangan desa, pembuatan laporan keuangan secara berkala sehingga mampu meningkatkan kepercayaan publik pada pemerintah desa. Persepsi masyarakat terkait transparansi dan akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan desa di Kabupaten Wonosobo dalam kategori baik. Kondisi yang demikian merupakan bagian penting dalam proses memajukan desa dengan memanfaatkan keuangan desa secara optimal tiap tahunnya.