Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal variation in the frequency of venous thromboembolism: An updated result of a meta-analysis and systemic review

Objective Venous thromboembolism, including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is likely to cause the death of both medical and surgical patients. Despite some evidence of seasonal variation in the incidence of venous thromboembolism, the existing studies obtain contradictory results. A temporal pattern for pulmonary embolism is known, but data on deep vein thrombosis are inconclusive. The purpose of this study is to make a meta-analysis and systematically review the literature about seasonal variations of pulmonary embolism and/or deep vein thrombosis in order to objectively diagnose venous thromboembolism. Methods According to dichotomous data, risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compare the incidence of venous thromboembolism in different seasons. The research was classified according to pulmonary embolism mortality, pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis incidence, latitude/elevation/climatic types, and monthly incidence for four subgroup comparisons. There were a total of 23 eligible studies, in which 40,309 patients with venous thromboembolism were compared. Results The pooled total venous thromboembolism incidence was 27.2% in winter, 23.1% in spring, 24.6% in summer, and 25.1% in autumn. According to the results of pooled analysis, the incidence of venous thromboembolism in winter was much higher than that in summer (RR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01–1.24, adjusted P = .04), especially deep vein thrombosis. Moreover, the incidence of venous thromboembolism in summer and autumn was lower than that in winter in low-latitude (<200 m) areas and median low-latitude (0–50°-N) areas. Interestingly, the frequency of pulmonary embolism mortality was the largest in spring and smallest in summer (spring > winter ≈ autumn > summer). For monthly data, a statistically significantly lower incidence of venous thromboembolism was observed in May and July than in October. Conclusions The study revealed a significantly higher incidence of venous thromboembolism and deep vein thrombosis in winter than in summer. Pulmonary embolism mortality occurred more frequently in spring than during other seasons. A statistically significantly lower incidence of venous thromboembolism was observed in May and July compared with that in October.
An acoustic and auditory analysis of vocants in infants with cochlear implants

Abstract Introduction The duration of the nuclei is a crucial factor for the shift of prelexical to mature speech, since control of duration is closely related with improved speech intelligibility. Objectives This work records the suprasegmental feature of duration in infants with normal hearing (NH) compared to those with cochlear implants (CI) based on vocant productions (quasivowels and full vowels). Materinals and Methods In this longitudinal study, 102 vocant productions were analyzed from cases of congenitally hearing-impaired infants (implantation ages 1:4 and 1:11 years; post-implant ages 0:6 months and 1:3 years) who were matched with three NH infants of similar hearing experience (ages 0:8–0:11 months). Current methodology analyzes vocants using a combination of acoustical and auditory analyses. Vegetative data or reflexive sounds were excluded. Participants had had unknown deafness etiology and no other disabilities. Duration was measured using wideband spectrographic analysis, from voice onset to the loss of audible signal and the decrease of higher formant’s energy. Results The results showed that the mean vocant duration of young CI users was longer, compared to hearing matched peers during the first six months after cochlear implantation. Conclusions This recorded weakness for CI users' speech production is a challenge for future work in speech processing strategies. This is the first study measuring production of vocants during the pre-linguistic stage in CI recipients.
Readability and Accessibility of Terms of Service and Privacy Policies for Menstruation-Tracking Smartphone Applications

Over 100 million women track their menstruation using mobile applications (apps). In addition to comparatively unremarkable personal information such as height and weight, these apps collect intimate data like characteristics of vaginal discharge and cervical position. In exchange, many apps claim to predict the timing and duration of menstruation and windows of fertility. From this information, users may modify their sexual behavior based on their reproductive intentions. Though these apps are popular, news reports and prior studies reveal that user expectations about privacy and accuracy often do not align with the content of terms of service and privacy policies. In this article, we analyzed the readability and accessibility of terms of service and privacy policies for 15 popular menstruation-tracking apps. We found that information about data-sharing practices and accuracy is often neither easily accessible nor understandable. As a result, terms of service and privacy policies likely obscure material information about privacy and accuracy, posing safety and reproductive health risks to users. To date, no regulatory body oversees or approves the vast majority of menstruation trackers, leaving the market open to apps that vary widely in quality, accuracy, and levels of protection. We encourage health care professionals to ask their patients and clients about app use and understanding, encourage them to review relevant app-specific information, and discourage use as contraception when indicated. We conclude with recommendations for future research to establish the appropriate standards of disclosure that should govern these and similar types of smartphone-based consumer health technologies.
Editorial comment: variables affecting the presence of mesenchymal stromal cells in the peripheral blood and their relationship with apheresis product

Guido Moll, Norman Drzeniek, Julian Kamhieh-Milz, Sven Geissler and Petra Reinke BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charit e Universit€atsmedizin Berlin, Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Charit e Universit€atsmedizin Berlin, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Charit e Universit€atsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute (JWI), Charit e Universit€atsmedizin Berlin, Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charit e Universit€atsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BECAT), all Charit e Universit€atsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit€at Berlin, Humboldt-Universit€at zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
Relationship Between Calcium Intake and Impaired Activities of Daily Living in a Japanese Population: NIPPON DATA90

Background Major reasons for long-term care insurance certification in Japan are stroke, dementia, and fracture. These diseases are reported to be associated with calcium intake. This study examined the association between calcium intake and impaired activities of daily living (ADL) using the data from NIPPON DATA90, consisting of representative sample of the Japanese population. Methods A population-based nested case-control study was performed. A baseline survey was conducted in 1990, followed by ADL surveys of individuals ≥65 years old in 2000. Individuals with impaired ADL and selected age- and sex-matched controls were then identified. We obtained 132 pairs. Calcium intake was energy-adjusted using the residual method. The association between calcium intake and impaired ADL was examined using conditional logistic regression models. To assess the accuracy of the estimates, we conducted bootstrap analyses. Results The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for impaired ADL compared with the group with a calcium intake of <476 mg/day were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37–1.40) for the 476–606 mg/day group and 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21–0.94) for the ≥607 mg/day group in 2000 (P for linear trend = 0.03). After the bootstrap analyses, the inverse relationship unchanged (median OR per 100-mg rise in calcium intake, 0.87 [1,000 resamplings]; 95% CI, 0.76–0.97). Conclusions After bootstrap analyses, calcium intake was inversely associated with impaired ADL 10 years after the baseline survey.
How Nurse Practitioners Spend their Time in Nursing Facilities: Revisited 20 Years Later

Financial Disclosure: National Institutes of Health and National Institute of Drug Abuse. Conflicts of Interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article. Author Contributions: All authors contributed to survey design. Chelsea Perfect and David Wohl were responsible for distributing the survey and collecting results. All authors were responsible for the final draft of the article. Sponsor’s Role: This research was sponsored by the National Institute of Drug Abuse in the National Institutes of Health (grant no. K24DA037101). The sponsor had no role in study design, execution, or analysis.
Home Programme to Improve Hand Function for Children with Bilateral Cerebral Palsy: Beneficial but Challenging

Abstract Aim: To explore parents’ and occupational therapists’ experiences with a home program using goal-directed training to improve hand function in daily activities for children with bilateral cerebral palsy. Methods: The study had a qualitative exploratory design that included two focus group interviews. One group consisted of five parents, the other of three occupational therapists. Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The intervention consisted of daily goal-directed training, with a dose of 25–33 hours for eight weeks. Weekly visits from the occupational therapists were provided. Results: Three themes were identified; 1) Home training promotes parent awareness and the child’s mastery, 2) Home training is challenging and exhausting over time, and 3) Parent support is necessary, and the child’s involvement is important. The parents reported improvements in the children’s use of hands in daily activities. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the home program was beneficial but challenging, and that motivation is a key factor for implementing home-based intervention. Ongoing support to the parents, as well as strengthening the children’s involvement may enhance motivation. Future research should focus on developing strategies to increase motivation, and on exploring a ”hybrid” model for home training divided between home and kindergarten or school.
GATA6 enhances the stemness of human colon cancer cells by creating a metabolic symbiosis through upregulating LRH‐1 expression

Cancer stem cells play critical roles in tumor initiation, progression, and relapse. Since we previously found that GATA6 promotes the stemness in HCT‐116 and HT‐29 human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, we aimed to identify the downstream mediator(s) of the stemness‐stimulating effect of GATA6 herein. LRH‐1 was found as a direct target of GATA6 and its upregulation promoted the stemness in both HCT‐116 and HT‐29 cells. Subsequently, hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) was identified as a direct target of LRH‐1 and its expression level and activity were significantly elevated in the LRH‐1‐overexpressing clones established from the aforementioned two CRC lines. Accordingly, the expression levels of several HIF‐1α targets were also markedly increased, resulting in a stronger glycolysis associated with dramatic elevations of the lactate levels in these cells. Strikingly, higher mitochondrial activities were also found in these clones which might be attributed to the increase of PGC‐1α stimulated by the lactate uptaken through the upregulated MCT‐1. Finally, significant increases in the self‐renewal ability, intracellular radical oxygen species levels and mitochondrial mass were detected in the CD133+/CD44+ subpopulations isolated from CRC cells regardless of their LRH‐1 expression levels. Together, our results suggest a novel metabolic symbiosis between different colorectal cancer stem cell subpopulations critical for maintaining their mutual stemness.
The role of intra‐operative cell salvage in patient blood management for revision hip arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study

Cell salvage is an important component of blood management in patients undergoing revision hip arthroplasty surgery. However concerns regarding efficacy and patient selection remain. The aims of this study were to describe intra‐operative blood loss, cell salvage re‐infusion volumes and red blood cell transfusion rates for revision hip procedures and to identify factors associated with the ability to salvage sufficient blood intra‐operatively to permit processing and re‐infusion. Data were collected from a prospective cohort of 664 consecutive patients undergoing revision hip surgery at a single tertiary centre from 31 March 2015 to 1 April 2018. Indications for revision surgery were aseptic (n = 393 (59%)) fracture (n = 160 (24%)) and infection (n = 111 (17%)). Salvaged blood was processed and re‐infused when blood loss exceeded 500 ml. Mean (SD) intra‐operative blood loss was 1038 (778) ml across all procedures. Salvaged blood was re‐infused in 505 of 664 (76%) patients. Mean (SD) re‐infusion volume was 253 (169) ml. In total, 246 of 664 (37%) patients received an allogeneic red blood cell transfusion within 72 h of surgery. Patients undergoing femoral component revision only (OR (95%CI) 0.41 (0.23–0.73)) or acetabular component revision only (0.53 (0.32–0.87)) were less likely to generate sufficient blood salvage volume for re‐infusion compared with revision of both components. Compared with aseptic indications, patients undergoing revision surgery for infection (1.87 (1.04–3.36)) or fracture (4.43 (2.30–8.55)) were more likely to generate sufficient blood salvage volume for re‐infusion. Our data suggest that cell salvage is efficacious in this population. Cases where the indication is infection or fracture and where both femoral and acetabular components are to be revised should be prioritised.
The double-mutation（M918I + L1014F）kdr allele is fixed in Cimex hemipterus populations in Guangxi, China

Abstract Four putative knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations have been documented in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene of Cimex hemipterus from several countries. However, no information regarding kdr mutations in any Chinese tropical bed bug population is available to date. In this study, a double-mutation（M918I + L1014F）kdr allele was identified in six C. hemipterus populations across Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China. The frequency of this allele was 100% in all the six examined populations. In addition, only two cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene haplotypes, with one synonymous nucleotide variation, were identified in a total of 48 individuals from six locations. The fixation and broad geographic distribution of this resistant allele questions the continued use of pyrethroids in the treatment of tropical bed bug infestations. The very low genetic diversity within and among these populations indicates that these bed bugs may have a single origin.
Taxonomical study of Trichomycterus (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the Ribeira de Iguape River basin reveals a new species recorded in the early 20th century.

A new species of Trichomycterus endemic endemic to the Ribeira de Iguape River basin, southeastern Brazil, is proposed based on morphological and molecular evidence. The new species is diagnosed by having the outer layer of coloration composed of scattered, round, black or dark brown spots smaller or equivalent in size to the eye circumference, eight pectoral-fin rays, 28-29 opercular odontodes, 54-56 interopercular odontodes; and supraorbital line of the laterosensory system not interrupted, with pores s2 absent. Other two species of Trichomycterus are recorded for the Ribeira de Iguape River basin and their taxonomic status discussed: T. alternatus and T. jacupiranga were not differentiated by our molecular analysis, but may be consistently distinguished with basis on morphology. The phylogenetic relationships of the co-occuring species, Trichomycterus alternatus and Cambeva zonata, is inferred using mitochondrial data, reinforcing the taxonomic status of these recently revised species that have a confuse taxonomy. Additionally, we recommend a new combination for Trichomycterus taroba with its inclusion in the genus Cambeva. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Religious people only live longer in religious cultural contexts: A gravestone analysis.

Religious people live longer than nonreligious people, according to a staple of social science research. Yet, are those longevity benefits an inherent feature of religiosity? To find out, we coded gravestone inscriptions and imagery to assess the religiosity and longevity of 6,400 deceased people from religious and nonreligious U.S. counties. We show that in religious cultural contexts, religious people lived 2.2 years longer than did nonreligious people. In nonreligious cultural contexts, however, religiosity conferred no such longevity benefits. Evidently, a longer life is not an inherent feature of religiosity. Instead, religious people only live longer in religious cultural contexts where religiosity is valued. Our study answers a fundamental question on the nature of religiosity and showcases the scientific potential of gravestone analyses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Correlation of plasma soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 level with the severity and stability of coronary atherosclerosis

Background Soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (sST2) is the receptor of interleukin (IL)-33. We hypothesized the IL-33/ST2 pathway may be closely related to the progression of coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Methods We analyzed 262 patients, including 63 with stable angina pectoris (SAP), 97 with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and 102 control subjects. Plasma sST2 levels were determined using ELISA. Gensini scores were calculated. Patients with ACS and SAP were further divided according to the complexity of atherosclerotic lesions (simple/complex). Statistical analysis was performed on all data. Results The plasma sST2 levels were significantly higher in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) than in the control group, and were significantly higher in ACS patients with complex lesions than in those with simple lesions. There were no correlations between plasma sST2 level and both the number of culprit vessels and Gensini score. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that angiographically detected complex lesions were independently correlated with plasma sST2 level. Logistic regression analyses showed that sST2 was an independent factor of both CAD and the lesion type (simple/complex) of ACS. For the diagnosis of ACS and complex lesions, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of sST2 was 0.651. Conclusions The plasma sST2 level was not correlated with the stenosis severity of coronary atherosclerosis. A relationship between the plasma sST2 level and the morphology of complex lesions was found for the first time, especially in ACS patients. It may be a new marker for assessing the stability and complexity of atherosclerotic plaques.
Categorizing Mothers' and Fathers' Conceptualizations of Children's Serious Play-Related Injuries: "You won't grow a finger back".

BACKGROUND There is inconsistency across child development and care literature in operationalizing serious play-related injury, and also a lack of understanding of how mothers and fathers conceptualize serious play-related injury. The current study explores parents' perspectives of their 2- to 7-year-old children's serious play-related injuries in urban and rural areas of British Columbia and Québec, Canada, and provides an urban/rural and gender analysis of the results. METHODS We conducted semi-structured interviews with 41 mothers and 63 fathers from 57 families, a total of 104 participants, in urban and rural locations in British Columbia and Québec, Canada. We used a social constructionist approach to the research and reflexive thematic analysis to construct themes from participant responses and to inform the consequent categorizations of serious play-related injury. RESULTS The results indicate four categories of parents' conceptualizations of serious play-related injury: (1) injury requiring medical intervention; (2) injury resulting in head trauma; (3) injury resulting in debilitation; and (4) broken bones. CONCLUSIONS Child development and care advocates can use these categories to strengthen their communications with parents and to improve understanding of parents' conceptualizations of children's serious play-related injury.
The association between postpartum depression and early childhood caries

Abstract Objective: To determine whether postnatal depression was associated with early childhood caries (ECC). Methods: This cross-sectional study was nested in a large cohort study named Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study (BIGCS). Mothers were invited to answer the Chinese version of Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) at 11–14 months postpartum. Children’s ECC experience was assessed at 24–37 months old. Socio-demographic factors were collected by a self-completed questionnaire. Chi-square test was used for bivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression was used for multivariable analysis. Results: Totally 337 mother/children pairs were included into this study. Among them, 33 children had caries experience, accounting for 9.8% of the participants. Mothers with EPDS scores between 7 and 10 were associated with worse ECC experience of their children (adjusted OR = 2.948, 95% CI = 1.209–7.190), whereas mothers with EPDS scores higher than 10 were not associated with ECC experience of their children. Mother’s education and the number of children living together were also associated with children’s ECC experience (adjusted OR = 1.822, 95% CI = 1.013–3.275, and adjusted OR = 1.528, 95% CI = 1.086–2.150, respectively). Other factors such as maternal age at the time of conception, family income, mother’s work status, duration of breastfeeding, and children’s gender did not show effect on children’s ECC experience. Conclusion: Postnatal depression could be associated with children’s ECC experience. In this study, mothers with slightly depression symptoms were more likely to have adverse effects on their children’s ECC experience.
Mesenchymal stem cells alter the frequency and cytokine profile of natural killer cells in abortion‐prone mice

Natural killer cells, which play a pivotal role in the establishment and maintenance of normal pregnancy, are the most abundant leukocytes at the fetomaternal interface that their subsets frequencies and cytokine profile are influential factors in the preservation of the decidual tolerogenic microenvironment. Any imbalance in NK cells' frequency and functions could be associated with pregnancy failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are shown to have immunomodulatory effects on NK cells and their cytokine profile. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of MSCs therapy on the cytokine profiles and subpopulations of NK cells in a murine model of recurrent pregnancy loss. Adipose‐derived MSCs were injected intraperitoneally to the abortion‐prone mice on Day 4.5 of gestation. The abortion rate was determined after MSCs administration and the frequency and cytokine profiles of the different subsets of NK cells were determined using the flow cytometry. Our results showed that, in abortion‐prone mice, the frequency of CD49b+ NK cells was significantly higher than normal pregnant mice that decreased after therapy. We also demonstrated that MSCs downregulated the production of IFN‐γ and upregulated IL‐4 and IL‐10 production by uNK cells. These findings indicate that MSCs can decrease the infiltration of CD49b+ NK cells to the fetomaternal interface and modulate the cytokine profile of NK cells from inflammatory to tolerogenic profile and thereby improve the tolerogenic microenvironment at the fetomaternal interface in benefit of pregnancy maintenance.