Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crisis y resiliencia en género y salarios: el sector manufacturero en México y la frontera norte

This study analyzes men’s and women’s wages in the manufacturing sector on Mexico’s northern border, with a specific focus on the years 2005, 2009, and 2017. Salary profiles are estimated with spline regressions corrected for selection bias, based on disaggregated data from various issues of the National Occupation and Employment Survey (ENOE). The findings explain how women on the border enjoy an advantage over those from the rest of the country in terms of human capital. However, their wages are subject to certain glass ceilings. Men are resilient in this process and their wages recover faster than women’s.
Evaluation of the Latest Pre-Service Teacher Education Curriculum in EFL Context: A Testimony of Teachers, Teachers Educators and Student Teachers' Perspectives

Teacher training programs in Iran have undergone extensive investigations and modifications since the establishment of educational institutions. This interest in teacher education has emerged from the innovative approaches to teaching suggested by the trends and findings of the time. Regarding the importance of curriculum evaluation in the EFL teacher education, this study mainly focused on the adequacy and effectiveness of the latest EFL pre-service teacher education curriculum through the eyes of the key stakeholders. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used in the study. The participants of the study were 227 teachers, teacher educators, and senior student teachers. The data were gathered through a 35-item Likert scale questionnaire on the curriculum courses with stated objectives for each course and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that the latest curriculum was adequately laid out and positively evaluated by the participants in terms of pedagogic and linguistic competence although there were some shortcomings and slight differences in the participants' perceptions. There were some slight perceptual differences among the participants. The findings of this study may provide some helpful suggestions for promoting the latest EFL pre-service teacher education curriculum.
MIKS - ein inklusives Professionalisierungs- und Schulentwicklungskonzept im Handlungsfeld Mehrsprachigkeit

Das MIKS-Konzept ist ein Konzept für die Schulentwicklungsarbeit mit Grundschulkollegien, die alle Sprachen ihrer Schüler*innen wertschätzen und für das Lernen nutzen wollen. Ziel ist die Professionalisierung und Qualifizierung des Personals und die Unterstützung von Schulentwicklungsprozessen. Die Grundschulkollegien entwickeln und erproben eigene Praxisvorhaben zum Einbezug von Mehrsprachigkeit, implementieren sie in die regulären Schul- und Unterrichtsabläufe und gestalten so die Schulentwicklung im Handlungsfeld Mehrsprachigkeit selbst. Das MIKS-Konzept enthält Vorgaben über den Ablauf und die Methoden der Qualifizierung und Schulbegleitung sowie über die Inhalte, die während der Qualifizierung vermittelt und bearbeitet werden. Das MIKS-Konzept wurde 2013-2016 entwickelt und in drei Grundschulen erprobt. Im Rahmen einer Dissemination wurde das Konzept 2016-2019 durch Multiplikator*innen in die Breite getragen und an weiteren 17 Grundschulen durchgeführt. Der Artikel fokussiert zunächst die theoretische Fundierung und Konzeptionalisierung von MIKS. Im zweiten Teil werden die Inhalte, die Anlage und der Ablauf der Qualifizierung erstmals ausführlich vorgestellt und durch Einblicke in bisherige Erfahrungen illustriert.Abstract The MIKS concept aims at school development and is carried out in elementary schools, which want to value all their students' languages and use them for learning. The aim is the professionalisation and qualification of the staff and the support of school development processes. The primary school colleges develop and test their own multilinguals teaching approaches and implement them in the everyday school routines. The concept includes the transfer of knowledge (psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic foundations), trial phases in lessons (via the implementation of multilingual teaching approaches), and guided reflection exercises concerning the experiences and beliefs among the participating staff. The MIKS concept was developed in 2013-2016 and was carried out in three elementary schools. As part of a dissemination, the concept 2016-2019 was broadened by multipliers and carried out at further 17 elementary schools. The article focuses on the theoretical foundation and conceptualisation of MIKS. In the second part the contents and the course of the MIKS concept are presented in detail for the first time.
Pre-service Teachers’ Confidence in their ISTE Technology-Competency

Abstract As technology is an integral part of modern teaching and learning processes, teacher-candidates need to fully achieve a new set of technology competencies through ongoing and timely supports provided by teacher preparation institutions, state offices of education and school districts. This study measured the current technology-competency levels of 242 special and general education teacher-candidates in teacher preparation programs through a self-assessment survey that was developed based on the ISTE Educator Standards. The results show that teacher-candidates perceive that they have not yet reached a proficient level of technology-competency according to ISTE standards. Special education teacher-candidates with team-teaching experience reported a significantly higher level of technology-competency than any other groups. This paper provides insightful recommendations to teacher preparation institutes as to how they can reform their credential program curricula to support teacher-candidates in acquiring the technology competencies they need in the field of education.
Correlates of Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Practice Among MSW Students Preparing for Direct Practice

ABSTRACT This study aims to identify correlates of attitudes toward evidence-based treatment (EBT) and the evidence-based practice (EBP) process among master’s of social work (MSW) students who intend to be direct service practitioners. Participating MSW students (N =165) were recruited from an advanced research methods course at one university in the Southwest United States. Higher score to feasibility of implementing EBP at their field placement agencies predicted more positive attitudes toward EBT and the EBP process. Research knowledge and previous exposure to EBP were positively associated with the EBP process. Findings suggest that MSW programs could benefit from training social work students in EBT and the EBP process within field education, as well as during the first year of an MSW program.
High altitude accumulation and preserved climate information in the western Pamir, observations from the Fedchenko Glacier accumulation basin

The accumulation region of Fedchenko Glacier represents an extensive snow reservoir in the Pamir Mountains feeding the longest glacier in Central Asia. Observed elevation changes indicate a continuous ice loss in the ablation region of Fedchenko Glacier since 1928, while the mass balance of the accumulation region is largely unknown. In this study, we show that accumulation varies considerably in the main accumulation basin, with accumulation rates up to 2400 mm w.e. a−1 in the West, decreasing to <1000 mm w.e. a−1 in the center, although the elevation difference is <200 m. The combination of snow/firn samples and ground-penetrating radar profiles suggests that this accumulation pattern is persistent during the recent past. The recent accumulation history is reconstructed from internal radar reflectors using a firn densification model and shows strong interannual variations, but near constant mean values since 2002. Modeling of trajectories, based on accumulation and glacier geometry, results in an estimate of the depth/age relation close to the main divide. This region provides one of the most suitable locations for retrieving climate information with temporal high resolution for the last millennium, with a potential to cover most of the Holocene in less detail.
Major Depressive Disorder and Cardiovascular Disease in African-American Women

ABSTRACT Major depression is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study used the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) to examine the co-occurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and CVD in a nationally representative sample of African American women (n = 2,216). Results from a series of logistic regression models indicated high rates of MDD and CVD in the sample, and the African American women with MDD were 1.59 times more likely to have CVD compared to those without MDD. High rates of MDD/CVD co-morbidity appeared across those living in and not living in poverty. These individuals demonstrated greater functional impairment and were high users of mental health services. Our findings validate that MDD and CVD co-occur and the need for more holistic interventions are warranted. The interface of co-morbid health conditions is critical to developing integrated models of care. Integrated health care systems are central for improving physical and mental health outcomes. These findings facilitate developing targeted assessment procedures and culturally appropriate treatment interventions. Increased knowledge regarding the role of gender, chronic health conditions, and the burden of mental illness in African American Women provides the opportunity to examine other chronic health conditions co-occurring with MDD.
Two-Level Distributed Volt/Var Control Using Aggregated PV Inverters in Distribution Networks

The penetration level of photovoltaic (PV) keeps increasing in modern distribution networks, which leads to various severe voltage limits violation problems. This article aims to aggregate and utilize the PV inverters for voltage regulation by a fully distributed two-level Volt/VAr control (VVC) scheme. In the lower-level VVC (real-time scale), the rooftop PV inverters are aggregated via consensus algorithms and then governed by droop controllers in medium-voltage networks. The droop controller adjusts the reactive power output of each PV aggregator in real-time from its dispatched value depending on the bus voltage variations. In the upper-level VVC (15-min timescale), the reactive power of PV aggregators is dispatched for power loss minimization, where control signals are set as base values for PV aggregators. This problem is formulated as second-order cone programming and solved by the alternating direction method of multipliers. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in both short-term and long-term scenarios with different system scales.
Reevaluation of Perchlorate in Gale Crater Rocks Suggests Geologically Recent Perchlorate Addition

Perchlorate (ClO4−) was discovered in Martian soil by the Phoenix lander, with important implications for potential Martian biology, photochemistry, aqueous chemistry, and the chlorine cycle on Mars. Perchlorate was subsequently reported in both loose sediment and bedrock samples analyzed by the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument onboard the Curiosity rover in Gale crater based on a release of O2 at 200–500°C. However, the continually wet paleoenvironment recorded by the sedimentary rocks in Gale crater was not conducive to the deposition of highly soluble salts. Furthermore, the preservation of ancient perchlorate to the modern day is unexpected due to its low thermodynamic stability and radiolytic decomposition associated with its long exposure to radioactivity and cosmic radiation. We therefore investigate alternative sources of O2 in Sample Analysis at Mars analyses including superoxides, sulfates, nitrate, and nanophase iron and manganese oxides. Geochemical evidence and oxygen release patterns observed by Curiosity are inconsistent with each of these alternatives. We conclude that perchlorate is indeed the most likely source of the detected O2 release at 200–500°C, but contend that it is unlikely to be ancient. Rather than being associated with the lacustrine or early diagenetic environment, the most likely origin of perchlorate in the bedrock is late stage addition by downward percolation of water through rock pore space during transient wetting events in the Amazonian. The conclusion that the observed perchlorate in Gale crater is most likely Amazonian suggests the presence of recent liquid water at the modern surface.
Pre-hospital Use of Oral Rehydration Therapy and Zinc and the Risk of Dehydration in Childhood Diarrhoea

Background: Diarrhoea is a leading cause of childhood mortality globally. The use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) with zinc supplementation is recommended in the treatment of childhood diarrhoea. Objective: To determine the pattern of pre-hospital use of ORT and zinc among children with diarrhoea at the secondary levels of health care in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted over a six-month period at two secondary health facilities among children with diarrhoea. A structured questionnaire was administered on consenting caregivers and the level of dehydration was also determined. Results: Out of 109 under-five children, 93 (85.3%) were aged < 24 months; 79 (72.5%) mothers were aware of ORT use but only 56 (51.4%) actually used ORT. Fifty (45.9%) mothers were aware of zinc use but 33 (30.3%) actually administered it. Fifty-nine (54.1%) children had dehydration; Original Research Article Ogunlesi et al.; BJMMR, 21(8): 1-8, 2017; Article no.BJMMR. 33648 2 60.9% of children who had ORT with zinc and 60.5% of those who received neither ORT nor zinc were dehydrated. ORT use was significantly associated with zinc use but had no association with dehydration, rather vomiting was significantly associated with dehydration (p = 0.03). Conclusion: More than half of the children studied presented at the secondary level of care with dehydration despite high maternal awareness and use of ORT. Zinc use was low in this population. Due to vomiting and feed refusal, the impact of ORT and zinc in the prevention of dehydration was obscure.
Autoimmune Associated Systemic Vasculitis as the Cause of Sudden onset Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss Following Lassa Virus Exposure in a Cynomolgus Macaque Deafness Model

Abstract : Lassa virus (LASV) causes a severe, often fatal hemorrhagic disease in endemic regions of Africa and sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss is a consequence of infection in approximately 30 of recovering patients. The causal mechanism of hearing loss in LASV-infected patients has not been identified. To develop a model for LASV deafness, we experimentally infected four cynomolgus macaque nonhuman primates (NHPs) with LASV. All four NHPs developed typical signs and symptoms of Lassa fever and two succumbed during the acute phase of disease. Two NHPs survived to the study endpoint, 45 days post-exposure. Both of these survivors remained chronically ill and apparent hearing loss was observed using daily subjective measurements, including response to auditory stimulation and tuning fork tests. Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss at 75 dB was confirmed for one of the survivors by brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) analysis. Histologic examination of inner ear structures and other tissues revealed the presence of severe vascular lesions consistent with autoimmune-associated systemic vasculitides. These autoimmune disorders have been associated with sudden hearing loss. Other vascular-specific damage was also observed to be present in many of the sampled tissues. Serological analyses revealed the presence of autoimmune disease markers supporting this diagnosis. Our findings point toward an autoimmune etiology for Lassa fever-associated sudden-onset hearing loss.
Numerical investigation of snow mechanical behaviour : a microstructural perspective

Dry slab snow avalanches represent a major natural hazard that is extremely difficult to manage. Attempts to model this phenomenon are hindered by the lack of a constitutive law that would describe the mechanical behaviour of snow on a material scale. In particular, relatively little is known on the failure and post-failure response of snow at high loading-rates. The highly fragile nature of the material in this deformation regimerenders experimental investigation difficult and complicates observation at the microstructural level.As an alternative to experiments, a Discrete Element Method-based numerical model of snow is developed in this thesis. The model enables us to simulate the response of snow to mechanical loading, while accounting for actual snow microstructure by using X-ray attenuation images of snow microstructure as input. Snow is considered as a cohesive granular material and an original methodology is developed in order to model the shape of each grain. Individual grains are bound into the snow matrix by modelling cohesion between neighbouring grains.The model is then used to explore the macroscopic mechanical response of different snow samples to mixed-mode loading. Three typical modes of failure are observed in all tested snow samples, depending on the level of applied normal stress: a localized shear failure at low normal stress (mode A), a shear failure-induced volumetric collapse at intermediate levels of normal stress (mode B), and a normal failure and collapse for high values of normal stress (mode C). The observed failure modes result in closed failure envelopes and no qualitative difference is observed between the mechanical responses of different snow types.The internal mechanisms that lead to volumetric collapse are further examined on the microscale. Force chain buckling is identified as a trigger of this material instability. Additionally, force chain stability appears to be controlled by the contacts between the force chain members and the surrounding grains. The failure in these contacts, which is evidenced in modes B and C, allows force chain buckling to develop and results in subsequent volumetric collapse.
THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AS MEDIATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN PROVINCIAL FOOD SECURITY AGENCY OF SOUTHEAST SULAWESI, INDONESIA

The objective of this research is to test and explain the influence of organizational culture on organizational commitment, the influence of leadership on organizational commitment, the influence of organizational culture on employees‟ performance, the influence of leadership on employees‟ performance, the influence of organizational commitment on employees‟ performance, the role of organizational commitment as mediation of the influence of organizational culture on employees‟ performance and the role of organizational commitment as mediation of the influence of leadership on employees‟ performance. This explanatory research employs a survey method, aiming at seeking the causal relationship between variables through hypothesis test. This research finds that: organizational culture positively, significantly influences the organizational commitment of the Provincial the Provincial Food Security Agency of Southeast Sulawesi; leadership positively, significantly influences the organizational commitment of the Provincial Food Security Agency of Southeast Sulawesi; organizational culture positively, significantly influences the employees‟ performance of the Provincial Food Security Agency of Southeast Sulawesi; and leadership positively, significantly contributes to organizational commitment, but does not significantly influence employees‟ performance.
Virulence Factor and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Enterococcal Isolates of the West of Iran

Background: Enterococcus spp. , a part of the normal ﬂora of the human intestine, possess several virulence factors that can de-velop bioﬁlms to endure harsh environments. Their ability to cause nosocomial infections makes them as critical opportunistic pathogens in hospital settings. Objectives: Thecurrentstudyaimedatdeterminingtheoccurrenceof 6genescodingvirulencefactorsandtheirabilitytodevelop bioﬁlms, and conducting phenotypical assessments of haemolysin and gelatinase in clinical enterococci isolated from the West of Iran. Methods: Atotalof 126isolateswerescreenedforharbouringthefollowinggenes: aggregationsubstance( asa1 ),cytolysin( cylABM ), enterococcal surface protein ( esp ), and gelatinase ( gelE ). Isolates were tested for haemolysin and gelatinase expression phenotypi-cally and for bioﬁlm production quantitatively, using the microtiter method. Results: Of the 126 tested isolates, 95 (73%) were Enterococcus faecalis and 28 (21%) were E. faecium . The total frequency of virulence gene was cylA 92 (73%), cylB 85 (67%), cylM 57 (45%), asa1 26 (21%), gelE 64 (51%), and esp 66 (53%); while 98 (75%) of the isolates were able to form bioﬁlm. A total of 74 (58%) and 46 (35%) isolates could secret haemolysin and gelatinase. Conclusions: There was a signiﬁcant diﬀerence between the frequency of virulence gene in E. faecalis and E. faecium . Enterococcus faecium isolates lacked the gelE and asa1 genes and the frequency of cylABM genes were lower than that of E. faecalis isolates. Enterococcus faecalis isolates were relatively rich in virulence factors; no association was observed between bioﬁlm formation and the presence of speciﬁc virulence genes.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SISWA SMK NEGERI DI KOTA MAKASSAR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan literasi siswa SMK Negeri yang ada di Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Kuantitatif. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan literasi siswa yang diukur dengan Skala Likert. Populasinya adalah masing-masing 30 siswa setiap SMK Negeri yang ada di kota Makassar yang berjumlah 10 sekolah, sedangkan penentuan sampelnya menggunakan teknik Random sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 300 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner (angket). Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif dengan pengkategorian menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil analisis data kemampuan literasi siswa SMK Negeri yang di Kota Makassar diperoleh untuk literasi baca tulis dalam kategori sedang dengan presentase 67,3%. Untuk literasi numerisasi dalam kategori sedang dengan presentase 70,7%. Untuk literasi sains dalam kategori sedang dengan presentase 71,3%. Untuk literasi digital dalam kategori sedang dengan presentase 66,0%. Untuk literasi finansial dalam kategori sedang dengan presentase 72,7%, dan untuk literasi budaya dalam kategori sedang dengan presentase 72,0%.