Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of time since fire and distance from fire boundary on the distribution and abundance of arboreal marsupials in Eucalyptus regnans-dominated forest in the Central Highlands of Victoria

The impact of time since fire after two consecutive wildfires 44 years apart (1939 and 1983) within the same area, and the distance from the fire boundary (<100 m or 500-2000 m), were investigated in relation to the distribution and abundance of arboreal marsupials in 1994. Arboreal marsupials were censused by stagwatching and spotlighting in two relatively young age classes of mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans) dominated forest in the Central Highlands of Victoria. Five species of arboreal marsupial were detected, but only three were detected in sufficient numbers to determine habitat preferences. Petauroides volans (greater glider) was statistically more abundant in 1939 regrowth forests, while Trichosurus caninus (mountain brushtail possum) showed no significant preference for either age class of forest. All but one record of Gymnobelideus leadbeateri (Leadbeater's possum) came from young forest, though the effect of age-class was not statistically significant. Distance from fire boundary explained little or no variation in mammal distribution or abundance. While the actual number of hollow-bearing trees was similar in both age classes of forest, the long-term lifespan of hollow-bearing trees in more recently burnt forest is predicted to be lower than in unburnt or not recently burnt forest. Post-fire salvage logging following the 1983 wildfires appears to have reduced the number of hollow-bearing trees at sites burnt in 1983.
Correlation between Quality of Life and Dysmenorrhea among Nursing Schools Students

Background: Dysmenorrheа is one of the most common health problems in young adolescent girls as it affects 50 - 90% of the general population. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify assess the correlation between quality of life and dysmenorrheа. Method: Α correlational descriptive study was carried out at nursing schools students in government schools at El-Miniа city. Α total sample of 295 students participated in the study, of these, 278 participated in the study have dysmenorrheа. A structured interview questionnaire form was used for data collection including socio-demographic data, menstruation history and details of dysmenorrheа and question about Short Form-3б (SF- 3б) health survey questionnaire. Results: Moderate positive association between students’ age and physical function, and there was а moderate negative association between students’ age with pain domain and total self-form. Also, there moderate positive association between students’ emotional function and days of menstruation. Conclusion: Quality of life affects the regularity of menstruation. A significant correlation between QΟL and presence, degree, site, and onset of menstrual pain was found. Recommendations: School health services should be started by raising awareness for education school girls about the dysmenorrhea and how they can adapt to daily activity to decrease menstrual pain.
The Determinants of Entrepreneurial Success in Oman: A Holistic Approach

The literature on determinants of entrepreneurial success calls for additional research especially in GCC countries where studies in this field are limited. There is not yet clear consensus upon the right set of determinants for entrepreneurial success. Studies conclude that the set of determinants of entrepreneurship success can be vary from country to country depending on a country’s economic or market conditions, business trends, culture, human capital, natural resources and demographics. This study investigates determinants of entrepreneurial success in Oman. It also looks at two moderators, alertness to opportunity and intrinsic motivation, with the purpose of finding their impact on the relationship between determinants and entrepreneurial success. Key findings include that education and experience of an entrepreneur do not have a fundamental role in entrepreneurial success. Results also reveal that social capital, as well as human capital, do not determine entrepreneurial success in Oman. The study proves that entrepreneurial success depends on creative self-efficacy and networking skills of an entrepreneur, i.e., entrepreneurs with higher creative selfefficacy are more likely to be successful in their business. Similarly, networking skills including coordination skills, relational skills, partner knowledge and internal communication could determine entrepreneurial success. Additionally, financial capital acts as an antecedent of entrepreneurial success. Furthermore, there is no impact of moderators on the relationship between determinants and entrepreneurial success. viii Results indicate that entrepreneurs should polish their networking skills, build financial capital and have a higher level of creative self-efficacy to be successful in Oman.
Tipo de desova e fecundidade de Moenkhausia intermedia (Eigenmann, 1908), na represa de Ibitinga, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Foram determinados o tipo de desova e a fecundidade de Moenkhausia intermedia na Represa de Ibitinga, Estado de Sao Paulo (21 0 46'S-48 0 59'W), no periodo de junho de 1989 a maio de 1990. Utilizaram-se 37 femeas maduras para o estudo de fecundidade, de que resultaram, em media, 6092 ovocitos. 584 femeas prestaram-se a determinacao do tipo de desova, que se revelou descontinua, periodica, anual, com auge no bimestre outubro-novembro. Relacionou-se a fecundidade com o comprimento total, o peso total, o peso corporal e o peso gonadal, sendo este ultimo o melhor indicador da fecundidade para a especie.
Residual effect of farmyard manure, fertilizer and biofertilizer on succeeding wheat (Triticum aestivum)

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy and winter seasons in 1997 98 and 1998 99, to evaluate the residual effect of integrated nutrient management in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] on succeeding wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori Paol.) crop. Two farmyard manure (FYM) levels (0 and 10 tonnes FYMtha), 4 fertility levels (control, 50% 75% and 100% recommended dose of fertilizer) and 4 biofertilizer treatments (control, Azospirillum, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and co inoculation of Azospirillum and PSB) were compared. Applicaticr, of 10 tonnestha FYM and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer up to 75% of recommended level significantly enhanced grain and fodder yields of sorghum. Azospirillum alone and in combination with phosphate solubilizing bacteria increased sorghum yield by 6 7%. Both available P and N status in soil after sorghum harvest were improved with FYM application, while fertility levels and PSB inoculation increased only P status of soil after sorghum harvest over the control. Residual effect of FYM, 75% and 100% recommended level of fertilizer (N and P) significantly enhanced growth, yield attributes, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat by 9 12% but biofertilizers did not show any residual effect on wheat. Available P status in soil after wheat harvest was also significantly influenced by residual effect of FYM and fertility levels.
Population structure and reproductive biology of a freshwater fish, Labeo boggut (Sykes, 1839), from two perennial rivers of Yamuna basin

Summary Population structure and reproductive biology of an important and less studied freshwater carp, Labeo boggut (Sykes, 1839), from two perennial rivers of Central India were studied between January 2008 and December 2009. Maximum three annual rings were found and used to assess growth data in samples representing 0 to 3+ year classes. LWR indicated positive allometric growth in males and females of both rivers. Asymptotic length (L∞) and growth co-efficient (K) were 22.5 cm and 0.5 year−1 for the Betwa River; and 23.6 cm and 0.6 year−1 for the Ken River. Growth performance index (o’) was higher in the Ken than in the Betwa. Reproduction was between June and September and GSI of both sexes were maximal in mid-June, thereafter declining until September. Mean size at first sexual maturity was 12.2 cm (n = 12) for females and 13.2 cm (n = 8) for males in the Betwa, and 12.5 cm (n = 13) TL for females and 13.1 cm (n = 9) TL for males in the Ken. The exploitation level (E) and maximum allowable exploitation (Emax) limit of L. boggut was 0.23 and 0.36 in the Betwa, whereas it was 0.33 and 0.37 in the Ken. These presented biological traits and population characters of L. boggut from both rivers provide first basic information for use in future assessment and conservation planning.
Thermal tolerances in rodents: species that evolved in cold climates exhibit a wider thermoneutral zone

Background: Thermal constraints are often invoked to explain animal distributions. Maximum temperatures are less variable in different biomes around the globe than are minimum temperatures. Considerable information is available for mammals about basal metabolic rate and thermal conductance. Aims: Evaluate the correlation of lower critical temperature (TLC), upper critical temperature (TUC) or TNZ breadth (TUC – TLC = TNZb) with three ambient temperatures in rodent species. Hypotheses: TLC, TUC and TNZb should be adjusted by selective processes to the ambient temperature that is most usually experienced by mammal species. TNZb should be greater in species inhabiting colder habitats. Methods: We used TLC, TUC data from published studies of 85 species of rodents. We determined the average annual mean, minimum and maximum temperatures across the distribution of each species. Then, using standard least squares regression with body mass as a covariate, we determined the statistical relationships between the physiological variables and the temperatures. We evaluated the effect of phylogeny using a Bayesian Phylogenetic Mixed Model in addition to Bayesian Model Averaging. Results: Ambient temperatures correlate positively with TLC and TUC, and negatively with TNZb. Species that evolved in cold climates exhibited a greater mass-independent TNZb than species from warmer climates. Species that evolved in cold climates exhibited lower TLC and TUC than species from warmer climates. Phylogenetic as well as conventional statistics indicated that there are thermoregulatory constraints across geographic gradients.
A quantitative analysis of hemodynamic forces on cellular response

Mechanical forces are known to be important in various physiological and pathological processes, including the development of atherosclerosis. In particular it is believed that abnormal shear stress, transduced by the vascular endothelium, is particularly important in promoting atherogenesis. However, it is still unclear to what extent the precise details of the mechanical environment to which the vascular endothelium is subjected affect its response. Therefore, a novel flow-bioreactor system has been developed which is capable of subjecting endothelial cells cultured in vitro to various mechanical parameters at similar levels to those applied in vivo. The fluid dynamics within the flow-bioreactor system has been analysed computationally to accurately quantify the mechanical forces experienced by cells cultured within the flow-bioreactor system, and a validation of the computational model used has been performed to ensure the accuracy of the results of the computational fluid dynamics analysis. The flow bioreactor system has been used to subject human endothelial cells to physiologically realistic mechanical forces for up to 24 hours. The cells were shown to realign in the direction of the shear stress and elongate in response to the application of WSS, consistent with the results shown both in other mechanical models and in vivo. A computational image processing programme has been developed to accurately quantify the morphology of cells. Quantitative analysis using this programme showed that the degree of realignment and elongation was significantly dependent on the local cell density. The enabling technologies developed during this project may help with future work aimed at elucidating the features of the mechanical environment which are important in promoting or suppressing atherogenesis.
La disponibilidad del fósforo es producto de la actividad bacteriana en el suelo en ecosistemas oligotróficos: Una revisión crítica.

El fosforo (P) es un elemento esencial para la vida, por lo cual entender los mecanismos que permiten su disponibilidad en el suelo es prioritario. Debido a la complejidad de la dinamica de este nutriente, aun existen varios procesos que no estan claramente entendidos, principalmente en los ecosistemas oligotroficos. En la presente revision se analiza literatura relacionada con procesos involucrados en la disponibilidad del P, dandole enfasis al papel de las bacterias. La forma quimica disponible del P es el ortofosfato, pero por su alta reactividad y demanda de la biota, esta forma es rapidamente disminuida de la solucion del suelo. Por lo que es necesario que la biota adquiera este elemento de otras formas quimicas. Entre ellas, las formas organicas representan la principal fuente de este nutriente mediante la mineralizacion bioquimica producto principalmente de la comunidad bacteriana del suelo. Entre los compuestos organofosforados, los esteres de fosfatos son los mas faciles de mineralizar, por la poca demanda energetica en la produccion de las enzimas involucradas en dicho proceso. Por otro lado, la mineralizacion de los fosfonatos puede representar una fuente alternativa de P disponible, a pesar de que se habiaconsiderado que esta forma quimica no era accesible por la complejidad de sus moleculas. En general, una estrategia exitosa para la adquisicion de P en ecosistemas donde dicho elemento es limitado, depende de la presencia de una maquinaria genetica capaz de sintetizar las diferentes enzimas que mineralizan compuestos organicos con demandas energeticas diferentes (fosfohidrolasas, fosfonatasas y C-P liasas), ademas de la presencia de transportadores especificos de membrana y la disponibilidad de C como fuente de energia. Aun faltan estudios integrados que permitan elucidar el movimiento del P en los ecosistemas y como esto puede ser controlado y llevado a cabo por las bacterias que habitan en el suelo.
On the phylogenetic position of the Uraeotyphlidae

VAN DEVENDER, T. R. 1990. Late Quaternary vegetation and climate of the Sonoran Desert, United States and Mexico, p. 134-165. In: Packrat middens: the last 40,000 years of biotic change. J. L. Betancourt, T. R. van Devender, and P. S. Martin (eds.). Univ. of Arizona Press, Tuscon. VANICEK, C. D. , AND D. R. FRANKLIN. 1970. Distribution of Green River fishes in Utah and Colorado following closure of Flaming Gorge Dam. Southwestern Nat. 14:297-315. WEIR, B. 1990. Genetic data analysis. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA. WINOGRAD, I. J., J. B. COPLEN, J. M. LANDWEHR, A. C. RIGGS, K. R. LUDWIG, B.J. SZABO, P. T. KOLESAR, AND K. M. REVESZ. 1992. Continuous 500,000-year climate record from vein calcite in Devil's Hole, Nevada. Science 258:255-260.
Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos para os escores visuais e suas associações com peso corporal em bovinos de corte

It was evaluated 27,523 and 21,746 records on traits of conformation, finishing precocity and musculature measured at weaning and a year after weaning, respectively, for the estimation of (co)variance components among these traits, and between them and body weights at the same ages. The data were analyzed by employing an animal model with direct and maternal genetic effect and permanent maternal environment effect. Restricted maximum likelihood was employed for the estimation of genetic parameters. The heritability estimates of visual scores at weaning were 0.13, 0.25, 0.23 for conformation, finishing precocity, and musculature respectively. The heritability estimates of visual scores one year after weaning were greater: 0.24, 0.32 and 0.27 for conformation, finishing precocity, and musculature, respectively. The genetic correlations estimates among scores at the same ages were: 0.67 and 0.75 between conformation and finishing precocity; 0.61 and 0.71 between conformation and musculature; 0.95 and 0.95 between finishing precocity and musculature, considering weaning and one year further, respectively. The genetic correlations estimated between weaning weight and conformation, finishing precocity, and musculature, were 0.97, 0.67 and 0.62, respectively. The estimates among conformation, finishing precocity, musculature at year after weaning and body weight were 0.83, 0.59, 0.58, respectively. The results indicated that the visual scores can be used as selection criteria. Body weight increases can be expected as a correlated response for selection of such traits.
How Does Consumption Habit Affect the Household's Demand for Life-Contingent Claims?

This paper examines the impact of habit formation on demand for life-contingent claims in a life-cycle model. We solve the optimal consumption, portfolio choice, and life insurance/annuity problem analytically, and illustrate the mechanism how consumption habit can alter the bequest motive and therefore drive the demand for life-contingent products. We show that habit formation alone can partially address the mismatch in the life insurance market between the life insurance holdings of most households and their underlying financial vulnerabilities, or the mismatch in the annuity market between the lack of any annuitization and the risk of outliving their financial wealth, but not both. However, habit formation together with social security may shed some light on the puzzling thinness of both life insurance and voluntary annuity market.
Interference between Mayweed Chamomile (Anthemis cotula) and Pea (Pisum sativum) is Affected by Form of Interference and Soil Water Regime

Effects of root-shoot interference, soil water regimes, and soil nitrogen were evaluated to determine aggressivity for pea relative to mayweed chamomile in the greenhouse using replacement series experiments. Interference between pea and mayweed chamomile occurred mainly below ground, and soil water was more important than soil nitrogen in controlling the outcome of interference. Pea was a stronger competitor than mayweed chamomile under all conditions investigated. Leaf area, root weight, and shoot weight of mayweed chamomile were reduced 55 to 87% by full interference and 27 to 60% by root only interference from pea. Full interference from mayweed chamomile for 53 days after planting released the remaining pea from intraspecific interference and it grew 80% larger and produced 100% more pod weight compared to a pea in monoculture. Low soil water potential (–175 kPa) compared to high water potential (–33 kPa) reduced the height, leaf area, and shoot weight of pea in 1:1 mixtures, but had no effect on mayweed chamomile. Decreasing soil water increased the aggressivity of mayweed chamomile relative to pea. Nitrogen added at 20 mg wk-1 compared to no added nitrogen had no effect on peas, but more than doubled the size of mayweed chamomile in monoculture and in mixtures with pea. Added nitrogen did not increase the aggressivity of mayweed chamomile relative to pea.
Genetic diversity of maize landraces from lowland and highland agro‐ecosystems of Southern South America: implications for the conservation of native resources

The North of Argentina is one of the southernmost areas of maize landrace cultivation. Two distinct centres of diversity have been distinguished within this region: Northwestern Argentina (NWA), and Northeastern Argentina (NEA). Nowadays, maize landraces from this area are faced with two main risks. On the one hand, significant structural and functional changes have modified the rural environment with the boundaries of cropland areas experiencing a rapid expansion at the expense of northern natural forests and rangelands; and on the other, native gene pools are increasingly threatened by hybrids and commercial varieties which are more attractive relative to landraces. The first step towards any conservational action is the acquisition of an inclusive knowledge of the biological resources. For this purpose, our study assesses the genetic diversity and population dynamics of maize landraces from Northern Argentina using microsatellite markers. The Northeastern lowland region (NEA) was represented by 12 landraces (19 populations). In addition, six landraces (eight populations) from the Northwestern highland region (NWA) were used for comparison. For the NEA data set, a total of 126 alleles were found, with an average of 10.5 alleles per locus. Mean Ho, He and Rs were 0.350, 0.467 and 2.72, respectively. Global fit to Hardy–Weinberg proportions was observed in 7 of 19 populations. Global estimates of FST revealed significant differentiation among populations. Bayesian analyses of population structure allowed the recognition of two main gene pools (popcorns versus floury landraces). When NWA was added to the analysis, three clusters were distinguished: NEA popcorns, NEA flours and NWA racial complexes. Additional information on the relationships among these groups was retrieved from cluster analyses. This study shows that lowland landraces from Northern Argentina harbour considerable levels of genetic diversity, with contributions from different gene pools. Further studies encompassing a larger number of populations from the NEA region will certainly help to detect additional genetic variation, which may prove highly valuable in germplasm conservation and management. Future conservation efforts should focus on preserving NEA popcorns, NEA floury and NWA racial complexes as different management units.
Integrated management of tomato wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Experiments were conducted at Sartingal farm of Regional Horticulture Research Substation (RHRSS) Bhaderwah, Doda, SKUAST-Jammu in randomized block design with fifteen treatments in three replications to assess the losses caused due to fusarium wilt of tomato using a susceptible variety. Different fungicides, bio-agents and cultural practices, alone and in possible combinations gave the significant reduction in tomato wilt disease incidence caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and also significantly increased the yield over the check. Among the treatments, seedling treatment with carbendazim @ 0.1% + Soil drenching with carbendazim @ 0.1% three times was most effective, recording the lowest disease intensity (11.33%), recording 70.27% reduction in disease severity over the check. Accordingly, tomato fruit yield was also highest in T9 (133.65 q/ha), which recorded 91.61% increase in fruit yield over T15 check (69.75 q/ha). This was followed by T10 (Seedling treatment with carbendazim @ 0.1% and soil drenching with carbendazim @ 0.1% two times at 15 days interval starting at the age of 21 days after transplanting), that recorded 13.69% wilt incidence and fruit yield of 119.95 q/ha and T13 (T1 + T2 + T4 + T6), which too recorded fruit yield at par with T10 (118.18 q/ha).