Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can avian functional traits predict cultural ecosystem services?

Ecosystem functions and services are provided by a suite of bio‐ diversity components ranging from species traits to ecological communities (Daily, 1997; Dı ́az & Cabido, 2001; Kremen, 2005). Indeed, biodiversity provides numerous benefits to humans, such as sequestering carbon, providing water, and supporting cultural values (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005), which enhance human well‐being (Díaz, Fargione, Chapin‐III, & Tilman, 2006). The concept of ecosystem services is often associated with a broadly instrumental view of human–ecosystem relations (i.e. that nature is valuable because it is useful to people), yet the cultural ecosys‐ tem services (CES) concept has inspired a relational turn to under‐ standing values (Chan et al., 2016; Fish, Church, & Winter, 2016). CES encapsulate the many important ways that people relate to ecosystems and are defined as ‘ecosystem's contributions to the Received: 20 February 2019 | Accepted: 19 September 2019 DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10058
Prediction Model of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Incidence Using Climatic Factors in Kabupaten Gorontalo

All countries of ASEAN member agree that dengue fever is one of the major problems faced by all ASEAN countries so the status of their territory has been determined to be hyperendemic in the last 10 years. Global warming is predicted to result in an increase in the average temperature of the earth's surface by 2,0OC to 4,5OC in 2100, which will have a direct impact on diseases caused by vectors. This study aims to examine the relationship of climate factors to the incidence of dengue fever and find a predictive model of dengue fever in Gorontalo regency. This research data used secondary data from 2012-2016, which included climate data (average temperature, irradiation time, rainfall, rainy days, and average wind speed) per month obtained from the Meteorology and Geophysics Agency (MGA) Gorontalo Class II and dengue fever incidence data were monthly incident data obtained from the Health Office Gorontalo regency. Based on the values of determinant values (R2) of the five models that were obtained, the value is 13,4% with p value = 0,004 and the linear regression equation using the backward method. Thus, estimated number of cases of dengue fever in Gorontalo Regency in a year reached 132 cases. Besides climate factors, the increasing number of cases of dengue fever might be caused by urbanization, population density, high population mobilization, community behavior, existence and quality of facilities and health services obtained by the community. Improvisation is needed for planning prevention programs and its implementation. As well as designing spatial-based disease prevention and control program that analyzes all climate, demographic and environmental parameters that are the causes of the high incidence of dengue fever.
Changes in topsoil organic carbon from 1986 to 2010 in a mountainous plateau region in Southwest China

The carbon cycle and underlying environmental drivers are not yet fully understood, and whether climate warming is inducing soil carbon loss remains controversial, largely due to limited evidence from large‐scale observations. With relatively less human disturbance, Yunnan Province, a typical mountainous plateau region in Southwest China, is a favorable place to evaluate environmental effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. In this study, soil sampling of the upper 20‐cm soil layer was conducted at sites across Yunnan Province in 1986 and 2010 to estimate topsoil SOC density (SOCD). The changes in SOCD and environmental factors, including initial SOCD value, temperature, precipitation, longitude, latitude, elevation, and slope gradient, were analyzed. The results indicated that the topsoil of Yunnan Province mainly acted as a carbon source during the study period. The topsoil SOCD in 1986 averaged 5.82 kg C m−2 and was higher than that of 2010 (5.45 kg C m−2), corresponding to a 0.14 Pg loss in SOC stock over the 25 years. The northwestern subregion experienced the most drastic SOCD changes, and the SOCD decreased most notably in areas with higher initial SOCD values. Compared with cropland and grassland, more significant SOCD reductions were observed in forest. Among the studied environmental factors, initial SOCD was the main factor associated with SOCD variations. The next most important factor was temperature, followed by precipitation. With high elevation and initial SOCD, the northwestern subregion of Yunnan Province had the most sensitive SOCD changes, underscoring the need for further protection and appropriate management.
Studying BHIM App Adoption using Bass Model: An Indian Perspective

Today, even a small street vendor in India provides the customer an option to pay electronically, using their wireless device. The businesses are aware that consumers are increasingly using smartphones to make payments for goods and services. Two types of mobile payments have been introduced by Indian retailers: wallet based and UPI (unified payments interface) based. With the government encouraging its cashless economy drive, it is backing UPI based mobile payment apps. Since earlier researchers studied the mobile payment adoption intention empirically, this study attempts to provide a mathematical model for adoption. The Bass model is used to study time based adoption pattern. Regression analysis was used to estimate the model parameters on BHIM app dataset, a UPI based government initiative. Findings show that the data fits the model well and the effect of coefficient of imitation is greater than that of innovation. Finally, discussions based on the results and implications for practitioners are provided. Future studies may use other extended versions of Bass model.
Characteristic of extreme rainfall in Makassar, Province of South Sulawesi

The effect of climate change on extreme rainfall is important to note due to its damaging impact on the environment and humanity. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of extreme rainfall in the Province of South Sulawesi. The characteristics investigated are trends and models of extreme rainfall distribution. Trend analysis of extreme rainfall used the Mann-Kendall Test. Modeling of extreme rainfall distribution used the Annual Maximum approach with Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. The extreme rainfall distribution model is approached with non-stationary models. The method of parameter estimation used the maximum likelihood method coupled with the BFGS Quasi-Newton methods. Model selection performed based on the smallest Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) value. Using rainfall data in Makassar rain gauge for a period from 1983 to 2015, the results show that there is a decreasing trend of extreme rainfall in Makassar Municipality and the appropriate distribution model for extreme rainfall data is a non-stationary model.
AEMIP robust inversion using maximum phase angle Cole–Cole model re-parameterisation applied for HTEM survey over Lamego gold mine, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, MG, Brazil

ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of airborne electromagnetic induced polarisation inversions using the Maximum Phase Angle (MPA) model for a helicopter time domain survey in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero area, Minas Gerais State (MG), Brazil. The inversions were conducted using a laterally constrained robust scheme, in order to decrease the difficulties to recover the multi-parametric model in a very ill-posed inverse problem, often found in induced polarisation studies. A set of six flight lines over the Lamego gold mine mineralised structure were inverted using the MPA re-parameterisation of the Cole–Cole model and also the classical resistivity-only parameterisation, in order to understand the implications of the induced polarisation effect in the data and, consequently, in the resistivity model. A synthetic study was also conducted, seeking to understand what to expect from the resistivity-only inversions in the real data. According to borehole lithological data and previous structural knowledge from the literature, the results from the Maximum Phase Angle approach indicate an important chargeable body that seems to be in good agreement with a sulfide enriched carbonaceous/graphite and altered mafic unities, which are important markers for the gold mineralisation.
Removal of heavy metal ions (Pb2+ and Ni2+) from aqueous solution using nonwovens produced from lignocellulosic milkweed fibers

Batch-adsorption technique was employed to evaluate the adsorption capacity of the nonwovens produced from lignocellulosic milkweed fibers for the removal of heavy metal ions, i.e. Pb2+ and Ni2+, from aqueous solutions. The impact of controllable factors such as solution pH, initial concentration, contact time and operating temperature on the adsorption quantity of Pb2+ and Ni2+ was investigated using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The kinetic and isotherm of the adsorption process were also modeled. The milkweed fibers demonstrated superior performance for the removal of Pb2+ ions from wastewater over Ni2+ ions. The results demonstrated that the equilibrium concentration of heavy metal ions in solution varies with solution pH and the least equilibrium concentration is observed at pH = 6, regardless of ion type. The results also revealed that the removal percentage of Ni2+ ions reached the value of 65.58% at contact time of 60 min while Pb2+ ions removal percentage was as high as 96.16% at contact time of 90 min. It was concluded that an increase in operating temperature from 26 to 45°C causes to slight decrease of the removal percentage for both Pb2+ and Ni2+ ions by ∼5.7% and ∼9.5%, respectively. The adsorption behavior of milkweed fibers toward Pb2+ and Ni2+ ions followed Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. Moreover, pseudo-second order model was the best to describe the adsorption kinetics of both metal ions.
Analysis of 70 Cases with Malformations in the Fetuses of Twin Pregnancy

Objective:To investigate the clinical analysis from 70 cases with malformations in the fetuses of twin pregnancy from 2011 to 2013 at Shenzhen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital. Methods:Describe the clinical characteristics of 70 twin pregnancies complicated with fetal malformations. According to the way of conception and the type of chorionic,these twin pregnancies were divided into natural conception and artificial insemination group, monochorionic and dichorionic group respectively, and were compared the pregnancy outcomes and the main clinical characteristics by different groups. Results:65.71% of pregnant women were equal or greater than 30 years old, and 64.29% are monochorionic twins.Pregnancy complications were remarkably higher(91.42%), the top five complications were preterm labor, weakness of contractions, placental abnormality, selective growth restriction, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. One fetus affected was89.33%, the top five abnormalities were cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, urogenital system, cleft lip and palate and nervous system. Conclusions:Twin pregnancies complicated with fetal malformations are above 30 years old, and have higher incidence of complications. One fetus affected is more common than both fetuses affected; single defect is more common than multiple defects. A single system malformation is more common than multiple system malformation. The cardiovascular system malformation is the most common malformation in twin fetuses, musculoskeletal system is the second and the urogenital system malformation ranks the third. Especially in ventricular septal defect in cardiovascular malformation. So, for over 30 years old pregnant women with twins and pregnant complications, we must strengthen antenatal fetal malformation screening, and especially should focus on screening cardiovascular system, bone of limbs, urogenital system malformation.
Direct Observation of Subrelativistic Electron Precipitation Potentially Driven by EMIC Waves

Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves are known to typically cause electron losses into Earth's upper atmosphere at >~1 MeV, while the minimum energy of electrons subject to efficient EMIC‐driven precipitation loss is unresolved. This letter reports electron precipitation from subrelativistic energies of ~250 keV up to ~1 MeV observed by the Focused Investigations of Relativistic Electron Burst Intensity, Range and Dynamics (FIREBIRD‐II) CubeSats, while two Polar Operational Environmental Satellites (POES) observed proton precipitation nearby. Van Allen Probe A detected EMIC waves (~0.7–2.0 nT) over the similar L shell extent of electron precipitation observed by FIREBIRD‐II, albeit with a ~1.6 magnetic local time (MLT) difference. Although plasmaspheric hiss and magnetosonic waves were also observed, quasi‐linear calculations indicate that EMIC waves were the most efficient in driving the electron precipitation. Quasi‐linear theory predicts efficient precipitation at >0.8–1 MeV (due to H‐band EMIC waves), suggesting that other mechanisms are required to explain the observed subrelativistic electron precipitation.
Changes in Bone Turnover Markers and Fracture in Osteoporosis: A Review of the

Osteoporosis is a worldwide condition primarily affecting the elderly. Bone fragility fractures that are due to osteoporosis, such as femoral proximal fracture and vertebral fracture, are increasing in Japan. The measurement of bone turnover markers greatly helps in the diagnosis and assessment of osteoporosis. Here, we review the relationship between bone fragility fractures and bone turnover markers through recent studies, including our own.
Constraints perceived about fodder production by the dairy farmers of north Gujarat

A study was conducted to know the constraints perceived about fodder production by the dairy farmers of north Gujarat. A total of 360 respondents were selected from three districts Banaskantha, Mehsana and Patan representing north Gujarat region in the study. The respondents were interviewed using pre-structured questionnaire to determine the severity of the various constraints about the fodder production. The ranking of constraints was given based on the percentage of severity. The results revealed that ‘inadequate credit facilities for purchasing necessary inputs’, ‘lack of on farm trial and trainings on latest fodder crop cultivation methods’ and ‘destruction of fodder crops by wild boar’ were the first (84.07%), second (83.43%) and third (80.00%) prominent constraints respectively, perceived by the farmers of north Gujarat about fodder production. Government should ensure that credit and subsidy should be made available to the farmers. Government should also make the efforts to ensure proper training and on field demonstrations about scientific fodder production to farmers through extension activities.
ANALYSIS OF FOOD SECURITY STATUS AMONG THE ELDERLY IN SOUTH AFRICA

Food security remain an important measure of a households wellbeing or welfare. Poverty rates at household level has been deduced from food security status in many instances. Statistics South Africa uses food poverty line as one measure of poverty. The amount of food a household needs for survival is considered based on different measures, including the tradition calories approach. Food insecurity measure have evolved overtime and have become stronger and more encompassing taking into account all aspects of food security including, availability, access and dietary diversity. Poverty studies have identified women children and the old age people as the most vulnerable groups of people and at risk of poverty and food insecurity specifically. This study focuses of the Old aged people to analyse their food security status taking into account their sources of income. Special attention is given to those on old age grant and those excluded from the grant to assess the impact of the grant on food security status. Also a gender component is included since different age categories apply to the different gender categories. The paper uses data from the general Household survey collected by STATSSA in 2017. The paper also employs both univariate and multivariate analysis and a regression model to determine the statistical significance of age, gender and marital status on food security status.
The Potential for Unifying Global‐Scale Satellite Measurements of Ground Displacements Using Radio Telescopes

The expansion of globally consistent satellite‐radar imagery presents new opportunities to measure Earth‐surface displacements on intercontinental scales. Yet global applications, including a complete assessment of the land contribution to relative sea‐level rise, first demand new solutions to unify relative satellite‐radar observations in a geocentric reference frame. The international network of Very Long Baseline Interferometry telescopes provides an existing, yet unexploited, link to unify satellite‐radar measurements on a global scale. Proof‐of‐concept experiments reveal the suitability of these instruments as high‐amplitude reflectors for satellite radar and thus provide direct connections to a globally consistent reference frame. Automated tracking of radar satellites is easily integrated into telescope operations alongside ongoing schedules for geodesy and astrometry. Utilizing existing telescopes in this way completely avoids the need for additional geodetic infrastructure or ground surveys and is ready to implement immediately across the telescope network as a first step toward using satellite radar on a global scale.
Toward Improved Probabilistic Predictions for Flood Forecasts Generated Using Deterministic Models

Uncertainties in flood forecasts are inevitable, and the key issue is to develop probabilistic predictions so that the predictive uncertainty (PU) bounds can be estimated. We develop and test a general method for probabilistic forecasting and PU estimation that is based on a theoretical and practical analysis of the actual nature of the model residuals, which reveals that the residual mean, standard deviation, and distributional form can all vary with time. Our approach is to condition the nature of the residual distribution on the magnitude of the corresponding streamflow value, but other kinds of conditioning are also possible. Using real data, we illustrate seven progressively more realistic sets of assumptions regarding the model residuals, ranging from homogenous Gaussian to fully heterogeneous non‐Gaussian. Our results show that the estimated probabilistic predictions become progressively better as the assumptions better conform to the actual properties of the residuals. As benchmarks, we compare against results from the state‐of‐the‐art power transformation approach. Our method is generally applicable to any situation where a deterministic model is used to generate predictions, and where empirical probabilistic predictions are required without developing a stochastic version of that model.
B is for Bug, O is for Oikos: A Partial Dictionary of Household Arthropods

Further, Bennett and Vetter write that “even if brown recluse spiders occasionally found their way into Canada, the statistical probability of people being bitten by immigrant spiders is effectively zero” (1100). Many arachnologists agree that correct diagnoses of spider bites require a spider caught in the act of biting and then sent for identification (Bennett & Vetter, 2004; Buddle, 2018). While we will never know the full story behind the spider from the government building, the news story does provide us with an opportunity to pause and rethink the dominant discourse surrounding human-spider relations and, perhaps, to envision a future that is more understanding and tolerant of spiders. For Hillyard (1994), this future vision involves a spider version of a butterfly hot-house: “Spectacular but harmless species, necessarily of the kind that stay put in webs, would happily live together in a jungle-like environment, and some might even hang from the ceiling. It would be great fun and educational – the reason why spiders cause so much anxiety and arachnophobia is that they are not understood” (179-180; emphasis in original). At the Monteverde Butterfly Garden in Costa Rica, many organisms have free range of the educational building. When I visited, there was in fact a large species of orb-weaver who had spun a lovely web in the corner of the room. More so than encounters with live spiders, the internet may have the potential to ease people from arachnophobia into a moderate level of arachnophilia, or at least to an interest in spiders. For instance, videos on YouTube can provide positive spider associations such as the dancing peacock spiders cited by Lemelin & Yen (2015),
Recent rainfall trend over Sri Lanka (1987–2017)

Rainfall trend analysis provides useful information for effective planning, and management of water resources, and gives an insight into climate change of a region. This study investigates trends in annual and seasonal rainfall over Sri Lanka using an Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) and Mann–Kendall (MK) test with Sen's slope estimator. The MK test showed increasing trends in annual rainfall at 24 stations (65%) with five stations showing significant increasing trend. Annual rainfall at 13 locations (35%) showed decreasing trend, but none were significant (p < .05). ITA results for annual rainfall showed increasing trend at 67% stations while 33% stations showed decreasing trend. MK test results for seasonal rainfall indicated increasing trend at 76, 51, 32, and 86% of stations during First Inter‐Monsoon (FIM), Second Inter‐Monsoon (SIM), South West Monsoon (SWM), and North East Monsoon (NEM) seasons, respectively. Seasonal analysis of rainfall trend using ITA method showed increasing trend in 81, 70, 32, and 65% stations during FIM, SIM, SWM, and NEM, respectively. ITA and MK tests exhibited similar trend results for 80% of the stations. Moreover, Spearman's rho correlation coefficient between ITA and MK test trends showed significant (p < .05) positive correlation. In general, eastern, south eastern, north and north central regions of the country showed increasing rainfall trend over the last 31 years (1987–2017) while western, part of north western and central part of the country indicated a decreasing rainfall trend during the same period.
Mobility, Telecommunication and Energy Regimes in Svalbard

This paper deals with the role of mobility and telecommunication of the residents of Svalbard archipelago. The main focus of this study is the role of those factors in creating the energy regimes of the archipelago. The field study data shows that mobility and telecommunication are, first, intertwined factors of the local social space; second, their physical and social dimensions are also inseparable. The issues of mobility and telecommunication and their role in creating the local energy regimes are also an important topic of the public discourse of the Arctic policy-making