Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

Remittances are commonly defined as the money that individual migrants send back to their families (individual remittances) or that a group of migrants sends to their community of origin (collective remittances). Remittances are not new: migrants have been sending money home for a long time. Yet, since the turn of the Millennium, remittances have become a hot topic within the international community. In what I have called the Global Remittance Trend, government institutions, international (financial) organisations, NGOs and private sector actors have become interested in remittances and their development potential, and have started to create institutions and policies to regulate remittances and harness this potential (Kunz 2011). This includes attempts to bring remittance transfers into the formal financial sector, to capture them for (co-)financing development projects, to encourage saving and investment in the countries of origin of migrants, and to harness them as a source of foreign currency for the countries of origin. Among the most prominent examples of an attempt to channel remittances into development is the Mexican-born Programa 3x1. This programme works as a matching-funds system, whereby Mexican diaspora organisations in the US send collective remittances and apply for additional funding from the three levels of the Mexican government to co-finance development projects in their community of origin. Despite ongoing debates regarding its success, the Programme has gained international prominence and is replicated around the world. In a move to involve private actors and establish public-private partnerships, the Programme was broadened. The 5x1 launched in 2005 involved the First Data Corporation and its subsidiary Western Union as the first corporate entities to collaborate in a matching-fund programme in Mexico.
Analysis of a power upgrade for the Texas A&M Nuclear Science Center Reactor

The Texas A&M University Nuclear Science Center Reactor (NSCR) is a pool-type reactor that currently operates with 90 TRIGA FLIP fuel elements cooled by natural convection at a maximum steady-state power level of 1.0 MW. Analyses were performed to determine if the NSCR could safely operate with a maximum steady-state power level of 1.49 MW using the current reactor control and coolant systems.
Electromagnetic Analysis and Design in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

INTRODUCTION TO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING Introduction Physical Principles of Nuclear Magnetic resonance Hardware of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Basic Pulse Sequences and Imaging Methods BASIC ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY Introduction Brief Review of Vector Analysis Magnetostatic Fields in Free Space Helmholtz and Maxwell Coils Boundary Conditions for Magnetostatic Fields Magnetostatic Fields in Source-Free Regions Magnetostatic Fields Produced by Cylindrical and Spherical Surface Currents Inductance Calculation Time-Varying Electromagnetic Fields Time-Harmonic Fields Appendices ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF GRADIENT COILS Introduction Effect of Coil 'sInductance Figure of Merit Gradient Coils Made of Discrete Wires Magnetic Field Produced by a Cylindrical Surface Current. Target Field Method Shielded Gradient Coils Minimization of Inductance and Power Dissipation Planar Gradient Coils Appendices ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RF COILS Introduction Concepts of Resonance and Reciprocity Equivalent Circuit Method Analysis of RF Shields Field Inhomogeneity of Birdcage Coil Method of Moments Analysis Miscellaneous Topics RF FIELDS IN BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS Introduction Analytical Analysis Two-Dimensional Numerical Analysis Three-Dimensional Numerical Analysis APPENDIX: ABOUT THE SOFTWARE Each chapter also contains Problems and References
Proximity Effect Detection for Directional Microphones

The proximity effect in directional microphones is characterised by an undesired boost in low frequency energy as the source to microphone distance decreases. Traditional methods for reducing the proximity effect use a high pass filter to cut low frequencies which alter the tonal characteristics of the sound and are not dependent on the input source. This paper proposes an intelligent approach to detect the proximity effect in a single capsule directional microphone in real time. The low frequency boost is detected by analysing the spectral flux of the signal over a number of bands over time. A comparison is then made between the bands to indicate the existence of the proximity effect. The proposed method is shown to accurately detect the proximity effect in test recordings of white noise and of other musical inputs. This work has applications in the reduction of the proximity effect.
Assimilation of Enterprise Mashup Systems − The Impact on Changes in Work Processes

A number of Enterprise 2.0 collaboration platforms are beginning to proliferate. By leveraging typical Web 2.0 attributes, these platforms provide enterprises with a collaborative environment to develop capabilities by collectively generating, sharing and refining business knowledge (including information, functionality and business processes). Deductively deriving from the assimilation literature stream, this article conceptually discusses a quantitative research model to constitute a deeper understanding of Enterprise 2.0 technology assimilation on an individual level. Our research contributes to the existing assimilation and adoption theory by integrating the social exchange theory as well as emphasizing the impact of Enterprise Mashup system assimilation towards changes in work processes. Furthermore, we include several object-related constructs like user perceptions about technology-specific aspects and work characteristics as well as moderator effects which are emphasized to have an impact on usage behavior of work-productivity systems and the resulting work processes.
Identificação da velocidade anormal da dilatação de pupila como biomarcador de lesão cerebral em pacientes neurocríticos

Objetivo Calcular as velocidades médias da dilatação de pupila para classificar a gravidade da lesão derivada da escala de coma de Glasgow, estratificada por variáveis de confusão. Métodos Neste estudo, analisaram-se 68.813 exames das pupilas para determinar a velocidade normal de dilatação em 3.595 pacientes com lesão cerebral leve (13 - 15), moderada (9 - 12) ou grave (3 - 8), segundo a escala de coma de Glasgow. As variáveis idade, sexo, raça, tamanho da pupila, tempo de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva, pressão intracraniana, uso de narcóticos, classificação pela escala de coma de Glasgow e diagnóstico foram consideradas confundidoras e controladas para análise estatística. Empregou-se regressão logística com base em algoritmo de classificação com aprendizado de máquina para identificar os pontos de corte da velocidade de dilatação para as categorias segundo a escala de coma de Glasgow. Resultados As razões de chance e os intervalos de confiança desses fatores se mostraram estatisticamente significantes em sua influência sobre a velocidade de dilatação. A classificação com base na área sob a curva mostrou que, para o grau leve, na escala de coma de Glasgow, o limite da velocidade de dilatação foi de 1,2mm/s, com taxas de falsa probabilidade de 0,1602 e 0,1902 e áreas sob a curva de 0,8380 e 0,8080, respectivamente, para os olhos esquerdo e direito. Para grau moderado na escala de coma de Glasgow, a velocidade de dilatação foi de 1,1mm/s com taxas de falsa probabilidade de 0,1880 e 0,1940 e áreas sob a curva de 0,8120 e 0,8060, respectivamente, nos olhos esquerdo e direito. Mais ainda, para o grau grave na escala de coma de Glasgow, a velocidade de dilatação foi de 0,9mm/s, com taxas de falsa probabilidade de 0,1980 e 0,2060 e áreas sob a curva de 0,8020 e 0,7940, respectivamente, nos olhos esquerdo e direito. Esses valores foram diferentes dos métodos prévios de descrição subjetiva e das velocidades de dilatação previamente estimadas. Conclusão Observaram-se velocidades mais lentas de dilatação pupilar em pacientes com escores mais baixos na escala de coma de Glasgow, indicando que diminuição da velocidade pode indicar grau mais grave de lesão neuronal.
Techno-Ready Marketing: How and Why Your Customers Adopt Technology (Маркетинг технологий: как и почему Ваши потребители принимают технологии)

Conventional techniques for marketing technology products fail primarily because marketers do not truly understand their customers. Do you know what customers really think about your technology? Now, drawing on their award-winning research and case studies ranging from America Online to the Discovery Channel, marketing experts A. Parasuraman and Charles L. Colby demonstrate how the adoption of technology is influenced by unique beliefs that do not apply to conventional products and services. In the context of a general set of powerful techno-marketing strategies, Parasuraman and Colby introduce "Technology Readiness" (TR), a groundbreaking concept that enables you to measure and assess a customer's predisposition to adopt new technologies. Employing their TR construct - a psychological amalgam of fears, hopes, desires, and frustrations about technology - the authors identify five types of technology customers: the highly optimistic and innovative "Explorers," the innovative yet cautious "Pioneers," the uncertain "Skeptics" who need the benefits of technology proved, the insecure "Paranoids," and the resistant "Laggards. " Using this typology, you can customize your technology strategies by combining insights from your context-specific assessments with general marketing strategies presented in the book. Essential reading in technology companies will be the chapter devoted to Parasuraman's Pyramid Model, which explains the critical role technology plays in a marketing organization as a link between employees, the organization, and the customer. Finally, the authors have included a self-administered quiz so you can score your own Technology Readiness and a chapter on the "Techno-Ready Marketing Audit" to provide a framework for taking immediate action based on the precepts in this book Знаете ли Вы, что потребители в действительности думают о Вашей технологии ? В своей книге известные маркетинговые специалисты А. Parasuraman и С. Colby демонстрируют как уникальные убеждения/мнения, которые не применимы для обычных товаров и услуг, влияют на то, будет ли технология принята потребителями. Авторы вводят понятие «готовность технологии» - концепцию, которая позволяет оценивать и измерять склонность потребителей к принятию технологии. Используя эту концепцию, они выделяют пять типов потребителей, для каждого из которых должна быть разработана индивидуальная стратегия. В книгу включен перечень вопросов, который позволит менеджерам фирм высокотехнологичного сектора определить «готовность» их технологий.
Multidisciplinary approach to acute cholecystitis in a severely cardiopathic patient. Case report and review of literature

Background. Acute cholecystitis in severely cardiopathic patient after major cardiac surgery represent a challenge for surgeons. Treatment with cholecystostomy could represent a chance for patients even if there are many topics of greatest debate about it: the technique of performing it (if transhepatic or transpapillary), the timing of optimal duration, the timing of drain removal, the need of further examinations before the removal as well as the timing for definitive surgery. We therefore deemed important to share our experience in the treatment of acute cholecystitis in a severe cardiopathic patient, while attempting to clarify all the major topics related to the management of percutaneous cholecystostomy through a literary review.Case presentation. A 58-year-old severly cardiopathic patient who had undergone surgery for hip replacement, developed an acute calcolous cholecystitis a few days after surgery to resolve which a percutaneous cholecystostomy was the chosen strategy. Two weeks after discharge, a cholangiography through the cholecystostomy and a MRI cholangiopancreatography revealed the presence of stones in the cystic duct and in the ductus choledochus. The definitive treatment was decided after consulting with a multidisciplinary team. An open cholecystectomy with simultaneous removal of the cholecystostomy, endoscopic removal of stones and sphincterotomy of the Oddi papilla was performed. The patient is currently healthy and his heart function is satisfactory. Conclusion. Although early cholecystectomy is the recommended choice for acute cholecystitis, a critically ill patients may benefit from a bridging therapy before definitive surgery. The multidisciplinary approach provided a safer solution for this frail patient.
Minimising the failure of rail joints through managing the localised condition of track

To effectively address the high rate of failure of Insulated Rail Joints (IRJs) in the heavy haul lines, a research plan was designed and implemented with particular attention to understand their mechanical behaviour and deterioration process. In this paper, part of this ongoing research is described. During the past decades many studies have tried to improve the service life of IRJs by introducing a new structural design or material for IRJ components. This paper looks into this problem from a different perspective highlighting the significance of localised condition of track to the loads and responses of the IRJs. Results from a series of field measurements conducted in a rail track within the Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC) network are discussed. The interactive effects of IRJ responses and localised track condition are further investigated using the results obtained from numerical simulations. The field measurements and the simulation results provide valuable insight on the influence of track condition to the behaviour of IRJs.
Establishment of A Rapid and Stable Infected System by Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Germination Seeds in Diploid Strawberry.

Background Strawberry (Fragaria) is regarded as a model plant for both Rosaceae and non-climacteric fruit ripening. Although much progress has been made in identification of gene function using stable and transient genetic transformation systems in strawberry, the limitation is, more or less, are present. To this end, development of a rapid, efficient, and stable transformation system is required for strawberry research and breeding. Results Here, using diploid Hawaii-4 (Fragaria vesca) seeds and a reporter gene of CHLH (the H subunit of magnesium chelatase magnesium chelatase) key to chlorophyll synthesis, we first develop a rapid, efficient, and stable infected system by the Agrobacterium-mediated seed infection to silence the reporter gene, reaching an infection frequency with 28.3% through a series of optimization elements, including seed full imbibition and initial germination, shaking infection for 24 h, dark cultivation on MS medium for 3 d at 24 ℃, light culture on MS-Tim medium for 1 week at 24 ℃, and vector construction tagged with fluorescence label. Taken together, radicle-emergence germination seeds, appropriate Agrobacterium concentration and infection time are critical for successful infection, finally obtaining the infected kanamycin-resistant seedlings of T1 generation by infected wild seeds within 1 month and T2 generation-infected plants within 4 months. Conclusions The Agrobacterium-mediated infection of germinating seeds (AMTGS) in diploid strawberry (F. vesca) is first established, providing a useful tool for gene function identification and improved agronomic traits in strawberry.
Rising to the Top: Motivational Forces Influencing Status Conflict in Sourcing Teams

Organizations often use cross‐functional teams to make key Operations and Supply Chain Management decisions, but doing so risks instigating conflict between team members since cross‐functional delegates often have opposing functional goals. While previous work has explored the effect of functional goals (i.e., external motivation) in cross‐functional team performance, we extend research in this area to incorporate individual team members' psychological needs (i.e., internal motivation). Specifically, we consider how the interplay of these motivational mechanisms can lead to status conflict within the team, and the ensuing implications on team performance. We conduct an experiment of 136 ad hoc team‐based sourcing decisions, complemented with a sequential qualitative study involving interviews with 37 practicing managers. The results show that functional goal misalignment leads to status conflict, as expected. Yet, counterintuitively, this effect can be mitigated with the team's composition in individual psychological needs for dominance, specifically with heterogeneously dominant individuals. Our study contributes to the behavioral operations management literature on sourcing teams and to the team motivation literature. We provide guidance on how managers can compose cross‐functional teams to improve decision outcomes considering the interplay of external and internal motivational mechanisms. Author Video
Is Time-Sharing a General Capability?

The time-sharing ability of 18 students was measured under 8 separate dual-task conditions. Three distinct task characteristics were systematically varied across conditions in an effort to manipulate the nature of the specific time-sharing demands imposed. Each condition contained two of these characteristics in common with 3 of the remaining 7 conditions, one of the characteristics in common with 3 others, and none in common with the last condition. Time-sharing efficiency correlated across conditions that impose similar processing demands on the individual, but not across conditions imposing relatively dissimilar demands. We conclude that time-sharing performance under present conditions is determined by several poorly correlated, task-specific subcapacities rather than by a single general ability.
Physical Activity and Sleep Differences Between Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Non-Arthritic Samples in China: Comparing Objective Measures versus Self-Reports

Background and ObjectivesObjectively-measured differences in physical activity (PA) and sleep have been documented in osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) samples compared to non-arthritic controls. However, it is not clear whether (1) OA and RA subgroups also differ on these indexes or (2) the extent to which distinct arthritis subgroups versus controls can be accurately identified on the basis of objective PA and sleep indexes compared to self-report measures. This study addressed these gaps. MethodsGender- and age-equated Chinese adults diagnosed with OA (29 women, 11 men) and RA (29 women, 11 men) as well as non-arthritic controls (29 women, 11 men) wore a Sensewear Armband (SWA) for 7 days to obtain objective PA and sleep data in addition to completing complementary, widely-used self-report measures.ResultsThere were no differences between the three groups on any of the 13 self-report PA and sleep indexes completed. Conversely, OA and RA subgroups displayed significantly lower PA levels and more sleep problems than controls did on a majority of SWA indexes, though arthritis subgroups were not differentiated from one another on these measures. Based on non-multicolinear SWA indexes (steps, moderate activity, vigorous activity, time awake after sleep onset), 75 - 82.5% of arthritis subgroup members were correctly identified while accuracy rates were attenuated for controls. ConclusionsWhere possible, objective measures should be used to assess PA and sleep of OA and RA patients while particular self-report PA questionnaires should be avoided.
THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY CONDITIONS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND WELFARE OF BROILER CHICKENS

The aim of the work was to determine the effect of thermal and humidity conditions on productivity and welfare of broiler chickens. Studies were conducted during the winter in two buildings (A and B) of similar technical and technological solutions, and different area indexes. It was found that broiler house A, with optimal density of birds (16.5 chickens per m 2 ) had tem - perature and air relative humidity ranged within the limits of zoohygienic recommendations. Whereas broiler house B where birds density was too highly (18.6 chickens per m 2 ) showed a slight deflection of these parameters from standard. Profitable management conditions of broiler chickens in the building A was reflected in higher body weight (2260 g), better feed conversion (1880 g · kg b.w. -1 ) and lower mortality of birds (3.6%).
Coal Seam Gas Extraction: Does Landholder Compensation Match the Mischief?

Coal seam gas (CSG) extraction is set for expansion in New South Wales. However, controversy accompanies its introduction in that the present law grants miners access to private lands for the purposes of exploration and production. The NSW Petroleum (Onshore) Act 1991 regulates compensation for land access, and a number of questions have been raised about the adequacy of its compensation provisions. Additionally, compensation for coal seam gas poses a challenge for the valuation profession in that valuation theory has yet to be developed in this emerging sphere of practice. This paper compares the legal and physical impacts of coal seam gas infrastructure on private lands with the current provisions of the NSW Petroleum (Onshore) Act 1991 and questions if the present compensation provisions match the injury inflicted upon the holders of private land by coal seam gas occupation. The paper reviews the NSW legislation and case law relating to coal seam gas acquisition to identify the legal affects, whilst field observation and remote sensing techniques identify physical effects. The physical effects are then categorised according to the heads of compensation that apply to the compulsory taking of parts of property in Australia. A comparative analysis determines if all of the various “harms” that result from coal seam gas occupation are compensable under the current law. The research indicates that “severance” and “injurious affection” are key issues for landholder compensation where CSG plant occupies parts of land; however, the right to claim for “injurious affection” is unclear in the present legislation.
Design and marketing of new products

1. Introduction to New Product Development. 2. New Product Strategies. 3. Proactive New Product Development Process. 4. Market Definition and Entry Strategy. 5. Idea Generation. 6. An Overview of the Design Process. 7. Customer Measurement - A Review. 8. Perceptual Mapping: Identification of Strategic Benefits. 9. Customer Needs and Perceptual Mapping: Methods and Procedures. 10. Strategic Product Positioning and Customer Preferences. 11. Benefit Segmentation and Product Positioning. 12. Estimating Sales Potential: "What-If" Analyses. 13. Designing for Quality. 14. Integrated Design: Case Examples. 15. Advertising and Product Testing. 16. Pretest Market Forecasting. 17. Test Marketing. 18. Launching the Product. 19. Managing through Life Cycle. 20. Organizing for Innovation. 21. Customizing the New-Product Development Process. 22. New-Product Development Revisited.