Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth With Heart Failure and Its Prediction for Short‐Term Outcomes

Background Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a common pathological condition of intestinal microbiota. The prevalence of SIBO and its prognostic value in patients with heart failure (HF) are unknown. Methods and Results A total of 287 patients tested for SIBO using lactulose hydrogen‐methane breath test were evaluated. At least 1 of the following criteria fulfilled was SIBO positive: patients with fasting hydrogen level ≥20 parts per million (ppm) or a ≥20 ppm rise in hydrogen by 90 minutes were diagnosed with SIBO (H2) positive; and patients with methane levels ≥10 ppm at any test point were diagnosed with SIBO (CH4) positive. The association between SIBO and the composite of cardiovascular death and HF rehospitalization was investigated. In 287 consecutive patients with HF, 128 (45%) were positive for SIBO. Our result showed SIBO increased the risk of HF rehospitalization in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (P<0.001), and the risk of cardiovascular death in patients with HF with preserved EF (P=0.011). SIBO was an independent risk factor of primary end point in patients with HF (hazard ratio [HR], 2.13; 95% CI; 1.26–3.58; P=0.005). In addition, SIBO (CH4) showed a prognostic value on adverse outcomes (HR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.38–4.02; P<0.001), whereas the association between SIBO (H2) and outcomes was not statistically significant. Conclusions There was high prevalence of SIBO in patients with HF, and SIBO was independently associated with poor outcomes. Proactive treatment for SIBO may provide extra benefit for patients with HF.
Cystatin C level is associated with the recovery of renal function in cancer patients after onset of acute kidney injury.

BACKGROUND The risk of injury to the kidney can be significantly exacerbated by the presence of tumors and the effects of related treatments. Kidney injury associated with cancer is common in multiple myeloma, tumor lysis syndrome, hematopoietic stem cell therapy, and chemotherapy. Cancer patients are at increased risk of infection, sepsis, tumor lysis syndrome, drug-related toxicity, and other comorbidities, leading to a significantly increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of AKI in cancer patients and explored the predictive value of Cystatin C (CysC) in the prognosis of cancer patients with AKI. METHODS Cancer patients attending the Fifth People's Hospital of Shenyang from April 2014 to March 2019 were enrolled according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cancer patients with AKI were divided into two groups according to the changes in renal function during the follow-up period: a renal function recovery group and a nonrecovery group. The differences in baseline data of the two groups were compared. Logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the risk of renal function failure. RESULTS A total of 3,127 cases were included. Among them, 659 cases (21.1%) had AKI, and 2,468 cases had no AKI. Among the 659 AKI patients, 473 (71.8%) patients' renal function recovered, while 186 (28.2%) did not. Logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses indicated that age [odds ratio (OR) =1.133, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.064-1.219], diabetes (OR =1.226, 95% CI: 1.093-1.385), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR =1.347, 95% CI: 1.108-1.624), hematological malignancies (OR =1.174, 95% CI: 1.063-1.311), chemotherapy (OR =1.119, 95% CI: 1.055-1.304), systolic blood pressure (OR =1.108, 95% CI: 1.062-1.267), serum creatinine (Scr) (OR =1.262, 95% CI: 1.105-1.446), and CysC (OR =1.416, 95% CI: 1.251-1.739) were related to the failure of renal function to recover after AKI. CONCLUSIONS Baseline CysC level is associated with the occurrence of AKI in cancer patients and a failure to recover renal function during follow-up.
Progress and challenges in potential access to oral health primary care services in Brazil: A population-based panel study with latent transition analysis

Objective Compared indicators of potential access to oral health services sought in two cycles of the Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB), verifying whether the program generated changes in access to oral health services. Methods Transitional analysis of latent classes was used to analyze two cross-sections of the external evaluation of the PMAQ-AB (Cycle I: 2011–2012 and Cycle II: 2013–2014), identifying completeness classes for a structure and work process related to oral health. Consider three indicators of structure (presence of a dental surgeon, existence of a dental office and operating at minimum hours) and five of the work process (scheduling every day of the week, home visits, basic dental procedures, scheduling for spontaneous demand and continuation of treatment). Choropleth maps and hotspots were made. Results The proportion of elements that had one or more dentist (CD), dental office and operated at minimum hours varied from 65.56% to 67.13 between the two cycles of the PMAQ-AB. The number of teams that made appointments every day of the week increased 8.7% and those that made home visits varied from 44.51% to 52.88%. The reduction in the number of teams that reported guaranteeing the agenda for accommodating spontaneous demand, varying from 62.41% to 60.11% and in the continuity of treatment, varying from 63.41% to 61.11%. For the structure of health requirements, the predominant completeness profile was "Best completeness" in both cycles, comprising 71.0% of the sets at time 1 and 67.0% at time 2. The proportion of teams with "Best completeness" increased by 89.1%, the one with "Worst completeness" increased by 20%, while those with "Average completeness" decreased by 66.3%. Conclusion We identified positive changes in the indicators of potential access to oral health services, expanding the users’ ability to use them. However, some access attributes remain unsatisfactory, with organizational barriers persisting.
Stainless steel crown vs bulk fill composites for the restoration of primary molars postâ•’pulpectomy: 1â•’year survival and acceptance results of a randomized clinical trial

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. © 2021 The Authors. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry published by BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials. gov, NCT03186950. 1Division of Public & Child Dental Health, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland 2Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 3Clinical Effectiveness workstream, NHS Education for Scotland, UK 4Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Ophthalmology residency trainers‘ perspective on standardization of residency training in India

Purpose: The aim of this study was to study the perception of residency trainers about an optimum residency program. Methods: A survey, using a pre-validated questionnaire, was conducted by the Academic and Research Committee of the All India Ophthalmological Society, in 2019-20 with questions directed to teachers in medical colleges and national board of examination's ophthalmology residency programs on demography, teaching experience, imparting clinical and surgical skills, ideal academic schedule and dissertation in the post-graduate residency program. Results: The response rate in the survey was 47.6%. Valid responses were obtained from 309 residency trainers. Of these, 132 of 309 (42.7%) were females. The mean age was 45.3 ± 9.5 years, range 26-68 years. The trainers believed that on a scale of 0-10, clinical skills teaching should be taught, mean ± SD: slit lamp 9.8 ± 0.7; indirect ophthalmoscopy 9.3 ± 1.3; gonioscopy 9.2 ± 1.5; perimetry 8.9 ± 1.5; OCT 8.4 ± 1.9; applanation tonometry 9.5 ± 1.2 and orthoptic evaluation 8.1 (±1.9). A resident should ideally perform independently surgeries (median, inter-quartile range IQR): SICS 50 (IQR 40-100); phaco 50 (20-60); pterygium excision 20 (10-40); DCR 10 (5-20); chalazion 20 (10-50), trabeculectomy 7 (5-15); strabismus 5 (2-10), LASIK and retinal detachment 0. Ideally there should be four lectures, four seminars, four case presentations, five journal clubs and four wet labs every month. Conclusion: Teachers expected their wards to become competent professionals. There was near unanimity about the content of clinical skills training, non-medical skills and academics, but there was a significant variation on extent of surgical training that should be imparted to the residents.
Assembly of a Tetranuclear Mixed-Valence Manganese(II,III) Complex from a Binuclear Manganese(II) Complex by Photo-Irradiation

A tetranuclear mixed-valence manganese(II,III) complex, [Mn2(O)(Ph2MeCCOO)2(phen)2]2(PF6)2·10H2O (2), has been assembled from a binuclear manganese(II) complex, [Mn(Ph2MeCCOO)(phen)2]2(PF6)2·2MeCN (1) by use of a photo-induced oxidation reaction.
Schizophrenic patients with type 2 diabetes: An 8-year population-based observational study

This paper presents a realistic evaluation of the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Polish schizophrenic patients who have sought treatment through the Polish National Health Fund in the years 2010–2017. Data from the National Health Fund database was used and T2DM and schizophrenia groups were defined according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes. Demographic data were collected from the web page of Statistics Poland (GUS). The annual prevalence of T2DM and schizophrenia was estimated, and the age groups were categorised into eight sets. The incidence of schizophrenia in T2DM patients in the years 2010–2017 was measured, including relative risk and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The incidence of T2DM has been assessed in various subtypes of schizophrenia. In the eight years of follow-up study, 1,481,642 patients with schizophrenia were included, of which 185,205 were also diagnosed with T2DM. This accounted for 12.50% of all patients with schizophrenia. The trend of comorbid schizophrenia (F20) and T2DM (E11) in the general population of patients with schizophrenia, who sought treatment through the National Health Fund, was relatively stable in the years 2010–2017. The relative risk of T2DM in those with schizophrenia was 8.33 (95% CI 8.23–8.43) in 2017. Taking actions to enable the detection of diabetes in patients with concomitant schizophrenia is well-grounded, although these actions should be gender-dependent. There is also a need to take adequate actions to improve the efficiency of diabetological care among patients with schizophrenia.
Role of urine studies in asymptomatic febrile neutropenic patients presenting to the emergency department.

BACKGROUND The role of urine studies in the detection of urinary tract infection (UTI) in febrile neutropenic patients with urinary symptoms (having a urinary catheter or having a positive urine analysis) is inarguable. However, the evidence is scarce regarding the indication for urine studies in asymptomatic (i.e., without urinary symptoms) patients with febrile neutropenia (FN) presenting to the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study is to evaluate the need for obtaining urine studies in asymptomatic febrile neutropenic patients. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study conducted on adult cancer patients who presented to the ED with FN and had no urinary symptoms. We included all ED presentations of eligible patients between January 2013 and September 2018. Student's t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used for continuous data, while Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for categorical data. Participants were divided into two groups based on their urine culture (UC) results: negative and positive UCs. Two cut-offs were used for positive UC results: ≥105 cfu/mL and ≥104 cfu/mL. RESULTS We included 284 patients in our study. The age of our patient population was 48.5±18.5 years. More than two-thirds (68.7%) of patients had severe neutropenia, while only 3.9% and 9.9% of the patients had positive UCs at ≥105 cfu/mL and ≥104 cfu/mL, respectively. UCs were expectedly positive in most patients with urinalysis (UA) abnormalities. However, 27.3% and 32.1% of patients with positive UCs at ≥105 cfu/mL and ≥104 cfu/mL respectively had a normal UA. CONCLUSIONS In our study, the incidence of UTI in adult febrile neutropenic cancer patients who present to the ED without urinary symptoms is low. Consequently, routine urine testing may not be warranted in this population, as it adds unnecessary financial burdens on the patients and delays timely management.
Computational approaches to decode grasping force and velocity level in upper-limb amputee from intraneural peripheral signals

Objective. Recent results have shown the potentials of neural interfaces to provide sensory feedback to subjects with limb amputation increasing prosthesis usability. However, their advantages for decoding motor control signals over current methods based on electromyography (EMG) are still debated. In this study we compared a standard EMG-based method with approaches that use peripheral intraneural data to infer distinct levels of grasping force and velocity in a trans-radial amputee. Approach. Surface EMG (three channels) and intraneural signals (collected with transverse intrafascicular multichannel electrodes, TIMEs, 56 channels) were simultaneously recorded during the amputee’s intended grasping movements. We sorted single unit activity (SUA) from each neural signal and then we identified the most informative units. EMG envelopes were extracted from the recorded EMG signals. A reference support vector machine (SVM) classifier was used to map EMG envelopes into desired force and velocity levels. Two decoding approaches using SUA were then tested and compared to the EMG-based reference classifier: (a) SVM classification of firing rates into desired force and velocity levels; (b) reconstruction of covariates (the grasp cue level or EMG envelopes) from neural data and use of covariates for classification into desired force and velocity levels. Main results. Using EMG envelopes as reconstructed covariates from SUA yielded significantly better results than the other approaches tested, with performance similar to that of the EMG-based reference classifier, and stable over three different recording days. Of the two reconstruction algorithms used in this approach, a linear Kalman filter and a nonlinear point process adaptive filter, the nonlinear filter gave better results. Significance. This study presented a new effective approach for decoding grasping force and velocity from peripheral intraneural signals in a trans-radial amputee, which relies on using SUA to reconstruct EMG envelopes. Being dependent on EMG recordings only for the training phase, this approach can fully exploit the advantages of implanted neural interfaces and potentially overcome, in the medium to long term, current state-of-the-art methods. (Clinical trial’s registration number: NCT02848846).
Paired PV Loop Analysis and Biaxial Mechanical Testing Characterize Differences in Left Ventricular Tissue Stiffness of Volume Overload and Angiotensin-Induced Pressure Overload Hearts.

Pressure overload (PO) and volume overload (VO) of the heart result in distinctive changes to geometry, due to compensatory structural remodeling. This remodeling potentially leads to changes in tissue mechanical properties. Understanding such changes is important, as tissue modulus has an impact on cardiac performance, disease progression, and influences on cell phenotype. Pressure-Volume (PV) loop analysis, a clinically-relevant method for measuring left ventricular (LV) chamber stiffness, was performed in vivo on control rat hearts and rats subjected to either chronic PO (4-weeks) or VO (8-weeks). Immediately following PV loops, biaxial testing was performed on LV free wall tissue to directly measure tissue mechanical properties. The ß coefficient, an index of chamber stiffness calculated from the PV loop analysis, increased 98% in PO (n=4) and decreased 38% in VO (n=5) compared to control (n=6). Material constants of LV walls obtained from ex vivo biaxial testing (n =10), were not changed in PO, and decreased by about half in VO compared to control. PV loop analysis showed the expected increase in chamber stiffness of PO and expected decrease in chamber stiffness of VO. Biaxial testing showed a decreased modulus of the myocardium of the VO model, but no changes in the PO model, this suggests the increased chamber stiffness in PO, as shown in the PV loop analysis, may be secondary to changes in tissue mass and/or geometry but not an increase in passive tissue mechanical properties.
Work-Sports Enrichment in Amateur Runners: A Diary Study

Abstract Many employees worldwide combine a job with serious, goal-oriented ambitions in the athletic domain. However, scientific knowledge about day-to-day linkages between work and sports is lacking. We filled this gap in the literature by examining how experiences at work can enrich sports after work. Extending the work-home resources model to the work-sports interface, we posited that proactive work behaviors positively relate to work engagement – a state that may permeate into the sports domain and relate to positive sports outcomes. We conducted a diary study among 170 working recreational runners (598 measurement occasions). Within a three-week period, participants completed two surveys on days they worked and ran after work. Survey 1, completed at the end of the workday, covering proactive work behavior and work engagement, and survey 2, completed after running and covering running performance. The results of multilevel structural equation modeling indicated that on days employees showed more proactive behavior, they also reported higher work engagement. In turn, on days they reported higher work engagement, they recorded a steadier running pace. We discuss how these findings support the phenomenon of work-to-sports spillover and contribute to the current understanding of the interplay between work and sports.
Detection of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in guttural pouch lavage samples using a loop‐mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification microfluidic device

Abstract Background Rapid point‐of‐care (POC) detection of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (S. equi) would theoretically reduce the spread of strangles by identifying index and carrier horses. Hypothesis That the eqbE isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, and the same eqbE LAMP assay tested in a microfluidic device format, are comparable to a triplex real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay that is commonly used in diagnostic labs. Samples Sixty‐eight guttural pouch lavage (GPL) specimens from horses recovering from strangles. Methods Guttural pouch lavage specimens were tested for S. equi retrospectively using the benchtop eqbE LAMP, the eqbE LAMP microfluidic device, and compared to the triplex qPCR, that detects 2 S. equi‐specific genes, eqbE and SEQ2190, as the reference standard using the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC). Results The 27/68 specimens were positive by benchtop eqbE LAMP, 31/64 by eqbE LAMP microfluidic device, and 12/67 by triplex qPCR. Using the triplex PCR as the reference, the benchtop eqbE LAMP showed excellent discrimination (ROC Area = 0.813, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.711‐0.915) as did the LAMP microfluidic device (ROC Area = 0.811, 95% CI = 0.529‐0.782). There was no significant difference between the benchtop LAMP and LAMP microfluidic device (ROC Area 0.813 ± 0.055 vs 0.811 ± 0.034, P = .97). Conclusions The eqbE LAMP microfluidic device detected S. equi in GPL specimens from convalescent horses. This assay shows potential for development as a POC device for rapid, sensitive, accurate, and cost‐efficient detection of S. equi.
Calcium carbonate formation by Deleya halophila: Effect of salt concentration and incubation temperature

Abstract The precipitation of calcium carbonate by strains of the moderately halophilic species Deleya halophila was studied. The influence of salinity and temperature on the formation and type of crystals formed by these strains was also investigated. All strains tested were capable of precipitating CaCo3. Low temperature and high salinity were negative factors affecting crystal formation. Calcite (with variable Mg2+ content) was the only crystal formed under all conditions tested. Aragonite was not detected even at high Mg2+ concentration in the medium.
Association of LncRNA‐GAS5 gene polymorphisms and PBMC LncRNA‐GAS5 level with risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in Chinese population

Growth arrest‐specific 5 (GAS5) is a kind of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Previous studies showed that down‐regulation of LncRNA‐GAS5 was involved in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the regulatory mechanism of down‐expressed LncRNA‐GAS5 in SLE remains obscure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of LncRNA‐GAS5 polymorphism with SLE risk. And further explore how LncRNA‐GAS5 is involved in the occurrence of SLE. Here, we evaluated the relationship between the risk for the development of SLE and the 5‐base pair (AGGCA/‐) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism (rs145204276) in the LncRNA‐GAS5 promoter region. A custom 36‐Plex SNPscan kit was used for genotyping the LncRNA‐GAS5 polymorphisms. The LncRNA‐GAS5 and miR‐21 target prediction was performed using bioinformatics software. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) were performed to assess GAS5 and miR‐21 mRNA expression and PTEN protein expression. The results revealed that rs145204276 resulted in a decreased risk of SLE (DD genotypes vs II genotypes: adjusted OR = 0.538, 95% CI, 0.30‐0.97, P = .039; ID genotypes vs II genotypes: adjusted OR = 0.641, 95% CI, 0.46‐0.89, P = .007; ID/DD genotypes vs II genotypes: adjusted OR = 0.621, 95% CI, 0.46‐0.84, P = .002; D alleles vs I alleles: adjusted OR = 0.680, 95% CI, 0.53‐0.87, P = .002). A reduced incidence of renal disorders in SLE was found to be related to ID/DD genotypes and D alleles (ID/DD genotypes vs II genotypes: OR = 0.57, 95% CI, 0.36‐0.92, P = .020; D alleles vs I alleles: OR = 0.63, 95% CI, 0.43‐0.93, P = .019). However, no significant association of rs2235095, rs6790, rs2067079 and rs1951625 polymorphisms with SLE risk was observed (P > .05). Additionally, haplotype analysis showed that a decreased SLE risk resulted from the A‐A‐C‐G‐D haplotype (OR = 0.67, 95% CI, 0.49‐0.91, P = .010). Also, patients in the SLE group showed a down‐regulated expression of LncRNA‐GAS5 and PTEN than the healthy volunteers; however, patients with rs145204276 ID/DD genotypes showed up‐regulated expression of LncRNA‐GAS5 and PTEN compared with patients carrying the II genotype. Furthermore, the miR‐21 levels were considerably up‐regulated in the SLE group than the healthy volunteers, and patients with rs145204276 ID/DD genotype had lower miR‐21 levels than the ones with the II genotype. Thus, we found that the LncRNA‐GAS5/miR‐21/PTEN signalling pathway was involved in the development of SLE, where LncRNA‐GAS5 acted as an miR‐21 target, and miR‐21 regulated the expression of PTEN. These findings indicated that the rs145204276 ID/DD genotypes in the LncRNA‐GAS5 gene promoter region may be protected against SLE by up‐regulating the expression of LncRNA‐GAS5, which consecutively regulated miR‐21 and PTEN levels.