Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uncovering Predictive Factors and Interventions for Restoring Microecological Diversity after Antibiotic Disturbance

Antibiotic treatment can lead to a loss of diversity of gut microbiota and may adversely affect gut microbiota composition and host health. Previous studies have indicated that the recovery of gut microbes from antibiotic-induced disruption may be guided by specific microbial species. We expect to predict recovery or non-recovery using these crucial species or other indices after antibiotic treatment only when the gut microbiota changes. This study focused on this prediction problem using a novel ensemble learning framework to identify a set of common and reasonably predictive recovery-associated bacterial species (p-RABs), enabling us to predict the host microbiome recovery status under broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Our findings also propose other predictive indicators, suggesting that higher taxonomic and functional diversity may correlate with an increased likelihood of successful recovery. Furthermore, to explore the validity of p-RABs, we performed a metabolic support analysis and identified Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides uniformis as potential key supporting species for reconstruction interventions. Experimental results from a C57BL/6J male mouse model demonstrated the effectiveness of p-RABs in facilitating intestinal microbial reconstitution. Thus, we proved the reliability of the new p-RABs and validated a practical intervention scheme for gut microbiota reconstruction under antibiotic disturbance.
Les faunes de grands mammifères du Pléistocène moyen terminal de Thai͏̈lande dans leur cadre phylogénétique, paléoécologique et biochronologique

La faune rapportee aux restes de grands mammiferes de Thailande est datee du Pleistocene moyen terminal (environ 170 000 ans). Sa composition se montre particulierement interessante dans la mesure ou elle revele l'existence de genres et d'especes (panda geant, ailuropoda melanoleuca ; hyene tachetee, crocuta crocuta ; orang-outang, pongo pygmaeus ; sanglier barbu, sus barbatus) actuellement absents du territoire thailandais. Ces formes sont indicatrices de conditions climatiques plus temperees, plus fraiches et plus seches, qu'elles ne le sont actuellement dans cette region, de meme que la presence de sous-especes (blaireau, arctonyx collaris rostratus ; tapir indien, tapirus indicus intermedius ; serow, naemorhedus sumatraensis kanjereus) eteintes, de taille plus importante que les individus actuels. De plus, l'analyse de cette faune privilegie l'hypothese d'echanges fauniques par le continent, de Chine du sud vers les iles indonesiennes, et vice versa, durant cette periode, grâce a l'emersion d'une importante masse continentale appelee Sundaland. Elle temoigne aussi de l'anciennete des provinces biogeographiques indochinoise et sondaique par comparaison avec d'autres faunes du Pleistocene d'Asie du sud- est. Cependant, la presence d'especes d'origine plus septentrionale telle que ailuropoda melanoleuca laisse a penser que la limite entre ces deux provinces, actuellement situee legerement au nord de l'isthme de Kra, etait localisee plus au sud, en Malaisie voire au niveau des iles indonesiennes (Sumatra, Java, Borneo). La richesse du gisement associee a une datation relativement precise du site fait apparaitre cette faune thailandaise comme faute de reference dans un contexte bio chronologique mal defini en Asie du sud-est. De ce fait, une etude des faunes quaternaires a grands mammiferes de cette region a ete entreprise afin d'etablir une nouvelle echelle bio chronologique mettant en parallele les faunes des provinces indochinoise et sondaique
Influence of social factors on adoption of sanitation practices in rural areas: a mixed methods study in Nzaui, Kenya

Introduction provision of adequate sanitation is among the common strategies of preventing sanitation-related diseases. However, provision of sanitation facilities may only be a sustainable solution if the population´s behavior changes and positive perception is embraced. This paper highlights the influence of social factors on adoption of sanitation practices. Methods convergent mixed methods design was employed. Quantitative data was gathered using structured questionnaires from 100 household heads selected using cluster and simple random techniques. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore factors that influenced adoption of sanitation practices. Qualitative data was gathered from a purposively selected focus group and analyzed thematically. Results many (57%) of the participants were males. The average age for participants was 39 years, standard deviation (SD)=0.20. From the multivariable regression analysis with adjusted odds, household heads being aged 18-33 years (OR 1.76, 95% CI: 0.62-3.02, p=0.015) and safety of latrines (OR 1.72, 95% CI: 0.70-5.15, p<0.001) was associated with increased open defecation chances; whereas being a female (OR 0.16 95% CI: 0.06-1.81, P=0.01), availability of open spaces near households (OR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.05-1.13, p=0.30), and mason skills (OR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13-1.65) were associated with reduced likelihood of open defecation practices. Further, being a female (OR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.18-3.16, p=0.043), having knowledge on safe sanitation (OR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.74-3.08, p=0.02), engaging skilled masons for toilet construction (OR 1.299, 95% CI: 1.01-8.95, p=0.005) and financial stability (OR 1.95, 95% CI: 0.98-23.40, P=0.032<0.001) were positively associated with adoption of improved toilets. Conclusion the sanitation status in the study area was mainly poor due to the influence of multiple factors like gender, absence of toilets, knowledge on safe sanitation, poverty, mason skills and toilet location in relation to safety. The findings showed the need for innovative planning approaches based on the social aspects of communities for progress in sanitation standards in rural areas. Such approaches should adhere to the sanitation hardware versus software components of communities to promote active utilization of the available toilets, construction of improved toilets and reduction of open defecation.
Strain versus Tunable Terahertz Nanogap Width: A Simple Formula and a Trench below

A flexible zerogap metallic structure is periodically formed, healing metal cracks on a flexible substrate. Zerogap is continuously tunable from nearly zero to one hundred nanometers by applying compressive strains on the flexible substrate. However, there have been few studies on how the gap width is related to the strain and periodicity, nor the mechanism of tunability itself. Here, based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements, we found that 200 nm-deep nano-trenches are periodically generated on the polymer substrate below the zerogap owing to the strain singularities extant between the first and the second metallic deposition layers. Terahertz and visible transmission properties are consistent with this picture whereby the outer-bending polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate controls the gap size linearly with the inverse of the radius of the curvature.
Oral Microbiota in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review

Background: Cleft in the lip and/or palate (CLP) is a congenital facial deformity that significantly impacts the oral cavity’s structure and function. This malformation can affect the oral microbiota. The objective of this systematic review was to examine and consolidate the current scientific evidence on the oral microflora in children with CLP. Methods: The search strategy included the PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases. The inclusion criteria were studies assessing oral microbiota in children with CLP. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Results: The search strategy identified 422 potential articles. Twelve papers met the inclusion criteria. High heterogeneity was observed in methodologies, sample sites, and patient characteristics. Eight studies assessed the levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus in saliva, with some reporting significantly higher levels in the cleft group compared to controls, while others found no differences. One study reported a significantly higher colonization rate of Candida species in patients with cleft lip and/or palate. Conclusion: The results of the available studies are unclear. Further research is needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the oral microbiota and potential implications for oral health management in this population. The review was not registered Registration Statement.
The Incidence Rate, Microbiological Etiology, and Results of Treatments of Prosthetic Joint Infection following Total Knee Arthroplasty

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains among the most challenging and costly complications. PJI rates vary from 0.39% to 3.9% after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to identify the causative microorganisms involved and to report our experience of subsequent treatment of PJI following over 7000 TKAs performed over 19 years. A retrospective study was conducted on 4547 patients (7019 cases) from March 2000 to September 2019. The incidence rate of PJI was 0.5%. Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 88.8% (n = 16) of the 18 cases, and S. aureus was the most commonly isolated pathogen (n = 7, 38.8%). There were six cases of MSSA and one case of MRSA. Streptococcus species (n = 7, 38.8%) also showed the same pattern. The CoNS species (n = 2, 11.1%) and Gram-negative bacteria (n = 1, 5.5%) were also reported. Candida species were isolated from 1 patient (5.5%). Successful I&D and implant retention (DAIR procedures) was achieved at the final follow-up in 19 patients (82.6%). The incidence of causative microorganisms was different for each PJI onset type. The overall infection rate of PJI was less than 1%. Although the success rate of DAIR procedures is lower than the two-stage exchange arthroplasty in this study, it is possible to achieve acceptable success rates if DAIR procedures are carefully selected considering the virulence of the microorganism, duration since symptom onset, and early-onset infection.
Comparison of site preparation methods and stock types for artificial regeneration of oaks in bottomlands

Regenerating oak in floodplains is problematic and current silvicultural methods are not always reliable. We are evaluating the field performance of a new nursery product, the RPM seedling, and the benefit of soil mounding and a cover crop of redtop grass to the survival and growth of pin oak and swamp white oak regeneration on former bottomland cropfields. First-year survival was high for both RPM and bareroot seedlings. Basal diameter increment was significantly greater for RPM seedlings than bareroot stock. Although height increment was greater for RPM than bareroot, differences were insignificant. Neither soil mounding nor cover crop treatments significantly affected oak performance in the first year.
Recalcitrant maize: Conserving agrobiodiversity in the era of genetically modified organisms

The problem of genetically modified maize contamination in Mexico is the result of both planned and unplanned consequences of scientific and political choices. We show how a risk management strategy based on the modernist dichotomy between “modern” and “native” has failed to protect Mexican landraces and has marginalized other forms of knowledge that are urgently needed to understand and support the fluidity of Mexican biocultural landscapes. Farmers' seed systems are a fundamental source of crop resilience and evolution. They can constitute safe pathways for creating new maize varieties able to withstand climate and societal changes. In 2001, an alert on the contamination of Mexican maize landraces by genetically modified (GM) maize spurred new actions to conserve the world's biggest reservoir of maize genetic diversity. We analyze how the largest maize collection effort in Mexican history, and the definition of the conservation procedures employed in it, either involved or marginalized different approaches to this environmental problem. The article is grounded in the sociohistorical analysis of the controversy of GM maize contamination and brings together new historiographical perspectives on Mexican scientific and political interest in native maize. It also draws on ethnographic approaches, extended fieldwork, and analysis of data from Mexican government agencies. We show how different epistemological traditions have made the risk of GM maize contamination (in)visible and thereby generated normative choices. We illustrate how the GMO controversy brought the theme of native maize back onto the Mexican political and scientific agenda. The normativity that shaped the controversy in the 2000s influenced current knowledge and how the problem of GM maize introgression is still addressed today. The entanglements between biotechnology, native landraces, and farmers' practices are too dense to be “scientized” and kept separate to be made manageable as areas of purely technical “risk. ” The result is a geography of maize infused with all sorts of temporalities and materiality, which escapes the bounds of technoscientific framings. This intricate environment‐making process calls for new collaborations among epistemic cultures to tackle the possible consequences of GMOs for agrobiodiversity, seed systems, and their resilience.
The Effects of BCDs in Unilateral Conductive Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review

Bone conduction devices (BCDs) are widely used in the treatment of conductive hearing loss (CHL), but their applications on unilateral CHL (UCHL) patients remain controversial. To evaluate the effects of BCDs in UCHL, a systematic search was undertaken until May 2023 following the PRISMA guidelines. Among the 391 references, 21 studies met the inclusion criteria and were ultimately selected for review. Data on hearing thresholds, speech recognition, sound localization, and subjective questionnaire outcomes were collected and summarized. Moderate hearing threshold improvements were found in UCHL patients aided with BCDs. Their speech recognition abilities improved significantly. However, sound localization results showed wide individual variations. According to subjective questionnaires, BCDs had an overall positive influence on the daily life of UCHL patients, although several unfavorable experiences were reported by some of them. We concluded that the positive audiological benefits and subjective questionnaire results have made BCDs a credible intervention for UCHL patients. Before final implantations, UCHL patients should first go through a period of time when they were fitted with non-implantable BCDs as a trial.
Numerical Simulation on Mixed Convection in a Porous Medium Heated by a Vertical Cylinder

Numerical simulation has been performed for mixed convection of heated vertical cylinder with a constant temperature in a saturated porous medium subjected to lateral flow. Four different geometric aspect ratios 5,10,25 and 50 were considered, which give ratios of axial length to diameter. Based on dimensional analysis and nonlinear regression, correlations for the Nusselt number against the Rayleigh and the Peclet numbers have been obtained. It is shown that the average Nusselt number (Nu) is a function of the Rayleigh number (Ra d ) and the Peclet number ( Pe ): Nu=3.1√Pe for Ra d /Pe 1. As compared with Nu = 3.1√Pe for the case of horizontal forced flow around a vertical cylinder, the results of this investigation indicates that heat transfer can be remarkable enhanced by natural convection when forced convection is weak.
Few-Shot Lip-Password Based Speaker Verification

Lip-password has provided a promising solution for speaker verification (Liu and Cheung 2014). Despite the potential of this technology, there are few related studies, largely attributed to the lack of corresponding public datasets. Furthermore, previous works in this field generally demand a substantial amount of training samples and negative samples, impeding their applications from a practical perspective. Therefore, this paper collects a lip-password dataset and proposes a novel few-shot lip-password based speaker verification model, which can be effectively deployed in real-world scenarios because only a small number of data are required for training. Specifically, with an analysis of lip-password features, a down-sampling strategy is presented to generate more training samples. To compensate for the information loss caused by this strategy, a few-shot model, consisting of global and local models, is designed to simultaneously verify the global and local information of the lip-password. Speaker identity is verified only if both stages are passed. The efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated using the newly collected dataset.
Evaluation of Sleep Behavior and the Use of Sleep Aids among Adults Living in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

A negative attitude toward sleep has greatly affected sleep habits. In addition to contributing to physical and metabolic disorders, poor sleep quality may cause emotional disturbances. This study aimed to measure sleep behavior and factors contributing to poor sleep quality in the Madinah region, Saudi Arabia. We also assessed whether the use of sleeping aids improved peoples sleep. Three hundred and ninety-nine adults in the Madinah region of Saudi Arabia participated in this cross-sectional study. Three data domains were collected using an online questionnaire between 30 January and 26 April 2022. In the first domain, the characteristics of participants were discussed. In the second domain, questions about sleep behavior were asked. In the third domain, we examined the types, frequency, and impact of sleep aid use. Out of the 399 participants, 154 (38.59%) reported sleep problems. A total of 64.94% of the 154 participants blamed stress as the leading cause of their sleep disorders, and 74.68% of those with sleep problems reported reduced productivity. Among those who reported having sleep problems, 46.10% used sleep aids, with Panadol night (antihistamine) being the most used, 49.30%, followed by Melatonin at 39.44%. Sleep quality improved by 67.6% among those who used sleep aids. A total of 71.8% of the participants think it is not safe to use sleep aids in the long term. Our findings suggest that sleep problems are a prevalent concern in Madinah, Saudi Arabia, and even though the use of sleep aids improved sleep quality, it should be considered an emerging and important public health objective in Saudi Arabia. Further studies are needed to evaluate sleep quality and the level of sleep aid usage among other Saudi Arabian regions.
Broadband Decoupling for Antenna Arrays Using Multiple Decoupling Nulls

In order to mitigate the mutual coupling problem in antenna arrays, a new concept of broadband decoupling using multiple decoupling nulls is proposed in this article. First, the principle of decoupling between antennas is explained through the field analysis. It demonstrates that the essence of the decoupling of loaded metal structures is that the field is transferred between the antenna and the metal structure, with the metal structure acting as a resonator. The isolation of the antenna array generates a decoupling null when the resonator resonates with the excited antenna. Moreover, these resonators can independently control the corresponding decoupling nulls on the isolation. Therefore, broadband decoupling in the antenna array can be achieved by introducing multiple resonators within the operating frequency band of the antenna. The design method of the decoupling structure in the antenna array is also elucidated in this article, which provides significant computational resource savings. Finally, three examples are designed and tested to verify the proposed method. The simulation and test results demonstrate its effectiveness and its high potential for application to fifth-generation (5G) multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna arrays deployed in base stations and wireless routers.
Effects of flooding on peach, apple, quince and several pear species

approved: P. B. Lombard A series of experiments was designed to investigate differential flood-tolerance and the phenomenon of flood-induced stomatal closure of several fruit tree species. The first two experiments were conducted with potted plants submerged outdoors 5-10 cm above the soil line. Plant morphology, growth, leaf conductance (cL), and soil oxygen diffusion rate (ODR) were monitored. Differential waterlogging tolerance of major fruit tree rootstocks tested from high to low was as follows: Pyrus betulaefolia > Pyrus calleryana = Cydonia oblonga cv. Provence BA 29 > Pyrus communis (Bartlett seedling) > Pyrus communis cv. Old Home X Farmingdale 97 (OH X F 97) = Malus domestica cv. Mailing Merton 106 > Prunus persica (Halford or Lovell seedling). Grafting 'Bartlett' scions on the 4 major pear rootstocks listed above did affect plant performance in terms of growth and cL but did not alter overall survivability. Stomatal closure for each species was associated with a specific ODR. Limitations of cL as a screening tool are discussed in the thesis. Solution culture experiments conducted in the greenhouse revealed that anaerobic-induced stomatal closure was not a function of reduced leaf water potential but was related to a reduction in root hydraulic conductivity (Lp). Two lines of evidence suggest that increased root resistance to water flow was predominantly in the longitudinal and -4 not the radial direction. Firstly, 10 M abscisic acid (ABA) applied to intact OH X F 97 roots in solution culture enhanced Lp of plants previously exposed to aerobic but not anaerobic conditions. Secondly, excising feeder roots of anaerobically treated roots, thereby exposing xylem tissue directly to the nutrient solution, did not revive Lp to rates observed for intact aerobically treated roots. A basipetal progression of xylem plugging occurred with increasing duration of anaerobiosis. The promotion of volume flux (Jv) observed for aerobically treated OH X F 97 was studied. All 3 concentrations of ABA tested enhanced Jv within 10-20 minutes with the effect leveling off after 1% hours. Analysis of the xylem fluid revealed a slight change in osmotic potential and solute flux, far smaller than the driving force required to significantly alter Jv. It is concluded that only changes in Lp can account for this phenomenon. EFFECTS OF FLOODING ON PEACH, APPLE, QUINCE AND SEVERAL PEAR SPECIES by Peter Craig Andersen A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Completed October 13, 1982 Commencement June 1983
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN SEALANTWAX

Sealantwax ialah sebuah nama perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang manufaktur yang memproduksi cairan otomotif dengan merek Sealantwax, yaitu perpaduan antara Sealant dan Wax. Sealantwax dalam bisnisnya menghadapi permasalahan terkait penurunan omset dan banyaknya keluhan yang terjadi selama bulan Februari 2017 sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan keputusan pembelian pada Sealantwax. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk dan kualitas layanan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen Sealantwax. Penelitian ini menggunakan endekatan kuantitatif dengan menyebarkan kuisioner dan menggunakan alternative jawaban dengan skala likert, sedangkan populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen Sealantwax yang pernah melakukan pembelian produk Sealantwax. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 93 responden. Terdapat 3 variabel penelitian, yaitu: kualitas produk (X1), kualitas layanan (X2), dan keputusan pembelian (Y). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah regresi linier berganda, sedangkan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji F dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas produk dan kualitas layanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian.