Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of problem-solving-based interprofessional learning on critical thinking and satisfaction with learning of nursing and midwifery students

INTRODUCTION: Problem-solving skills and learner-centered approaches provide students with the ability to solve health challenges by placing them in simulated situations. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inter-professional learning based on problem-solving on critical thinking (CT) and satisfaction with learning experience in nursing and midwifery students. METHODS: This quazi-experimental study of a single group used pretest–posttest design. 20 undergraduate nursing and 28 midwifery students at the final academic year participated in the study. The research intervention was interprofessional learning based on problem-solving conducted in five 2-h training sessions. California's CT Scale and 10-point visual analog scale were used to measure CT skills and satisfaction with learning before and after the intervention. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 using descriptive statistics and paired t-test. RESULTS: The findings of this study indicated that the mean score of students' CT before the intervention was poor, while it statistically significant increased after the intervention (P < 0.05). It was also found that students' satisfaction with learning, in the scale of 0–10, was reported from 5 to 9 indicating students had a high level of satisfaction with their learning experience. DISCUSSION: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the interprofessional education based on problem-solving has been able to significantly enhance the overall critical skills of students, especially in the dimensions of analysis, inference, and deductive reasoning, and also, students' satisfaction with learning experience was also increased.
Oleic acid-induced NOX4 is dependent on ANGPTL4 expression to promote human colorectal cancer metastasis

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and related mortality are highly associated with metabolic disorders. However, the molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of hyperlipidemia-associated CRC metastasis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) on NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which might provide new targets for improving outcomes in patients with hyperlipidemia-associated CRC metastasis. Methods: The clinical relevance of relationship between NOX4 expression and ANGPTL4 was examined in CRC patients by the Oncomine and TCGA data set. Expressions of NOX4, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and gene regulation of NOX4 in free fatty acids (FFAs)-treated CRC cells were determined. The FFAs-triggered metastatic ability of CRC cells under treatments of antioxidants or knockdown of NOX4, ANGPTL4, and MMPs was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In addition, effects of antioxidants and depletion of metastasis-associated molecules on the correlation between ROS production and FFAs-promoted CRC metastasis were also clarified. Results: In this study, we found that the induction of NOX4, followed by the increased ROS was essential for oleic acid (OA)-promoted CRC cell metastasis. The depletion of ANGPTL4 significantly inhibited c-Jun-mediated transactivation of NOX4 expression, accompanied with reduced levels of ROS, MMP-1, and MMP-9, resulting in the disruption of OA-promoted CRC cell metastasis. Moreover, knockdown of ANGPTL4, NOX4, MMP-1, and MMP-9 or the treatment of antioxidants dramatically inhibited circulating OA-enhanced tumor cell extravasation and metastatic seeding of tumor cells in lungs, indicating that the ANGPTL4/NOX4 axis was critical for dyslipidemia-associated tumor metastasis. Conclusion: The coincident expression of NOX4 and ANGPTL4 in CRC tumor specimens provides the insight into the potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of dyslipidemia-associated CRC metastasis.
Effects of feeding diets supplemented with vitamin E and vitamin C on performance, egg quality and stereological and structural analysis of the liver of laying hens exposed to heat stress

This study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin E and vitamin C on performance, egg quality and histopathological effect on the liver tissue of laying hens exposed to heat stress. A total of 256 lohman LSL laying hens were randomly assigned to 16 treatment groups, four replicates of 4 birds each. The birds with a 2×2×4 factorial design kept at normal (20°C) or heat stress (30°C) and either received either two levels of vitamin C (0 and 100 mg/L of drinking water) or four levels of vitamin E (0, 45, 65 or 85 U/kg of diet) for 11 weeks, in which one week was allowed for an acclimation period. Heat stress caused significant (P<0.05) decrement in the average feed intake, egg yields, egg shell thickness and Haugh unit. Supplementation of vitamin E increased significantly (P<0.01) the feed efficiency, egg yield and Haugh unit. The heat stress condition caused an increases in density of necrotic cell, but the area of parenchyma significantly decreased by heat stress in liver. Addition of 45 and 65 U vitamin E/kg to feeds significantly decreased density of necrotic cells. In coclusion, although supplementation of 85 U vitamin E increased feed conversion, Haugh unit and egg production, resulting in the highest degree of liver damage.Therefore, we thought that a supplementation of 65 IU of vitamin E/kg in diets appeared to be the most efficacious dose.
Rapid Multiplication of Boerhaavia diffusa L. Through In vitro Culture of Shoot tip and Nodal Explants

A rapid in vitro multiple shoot regeneration protocol has been developed in culture of Boerhaavia diffusa. Shoot tips and nodal segments of field grown plants were used as explants and cultured on MS supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BAP, Kn and NAA for multiplication of shoots. Maximum multiple shoots were found in MS supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. After three weeks when they were subcultured in the same medium, the number of shoots per culture increased. Addition of coconut milk in the medium enhanced the number of shoots per culture. For best rooting, well-developed shoots were excised and implanted individually in rooting medium containing half strength of MS fortified with 1.0 mg/l each of IBA and IAA. Ninety per cent of the cultured shoots produced roots within four weeks of culture. Regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimated and established in soil. About 80% plantlets survived under field conditions. Key words: Regeneration, Multiple shoots, Boerhaavia diffusa, Explants D.O. I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i1. 3265 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18 (1): 49-56, 2008 (June)
Any port in a storm: Cryptocurrency safe-havens during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Controlling for the polarity and subjectivity of social media data based on the development of the COVID-19 outbreak, we analyse the relationships between the largest cryptocurrencies and such time-varying realisation as to the scale of the economic shock centralised within the rapidly-escalating pandemic. We find evidence of significant growth in both returns and volumes traded, indicating that large cryptocurrencies acted as a store of value during this period of exceptional financial market stress. Further, cryptocurrency returns are found to be significantly influenced by negative sentiment relating to COVID-19. While not only providing diversification benefits for investors, results suggest that these digital assets acted as a safe-haven similar to that of precious metals during historic crises.
Robust Physical Hard-Label Attacks on Deep Learning Visual Classification

Existing automated attack-generation algorithms for machine learning models for computer vision tend to focus on digital attacks within an $\epsilon$-ball around the input in white-box and black-box settings. However, in the real world, a more interesting class of attacks are those that are physically-realizable -- say, by placing unobtrusive stickers on a traffic sign to cause a change in its classification. Given a model, generating such attacks automatically is still a challenge, even in white-box settings. We present GRAPHITE, an algorithm to automatically find small areas to place robust adversarial perturbations in the black-box hard-label setting where the attacker only has access to the model prediction class label. Unlike algorithms for digital attacks that only aim to minimize perturbation based on an $L_p$ norm (typically $L_2$ or $L_\infty$), the proposed algorithm automatically generates robust adversarial examples that (1) have a high success rate under multiple transformations that simulate, for example, viewing point changes and (2) occupy a small area on the image so that they are more likely to be physically realizable as stickers. Using GRAPHITE, we successfully attack a stop sign to be misclassified as a speed limit 30 km/hr sign in 92.86% of physical test images with fewer than 124k queries.
Knowledge, attitude, and behavior of elementary teachers regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

INTRODUCTION: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder in child psychiatry, which has a greater impact on the future life of the children affected in case of being untreated and undiagnosed. Given the undeniable role of teachers in improving this disorder and preventing its destructive consequences on children, the present research has examined the knowledge, attitude, and practice of elementary school teachers regarding ADHD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in 2019. One hundred and twenty teachers were randomly selected as samples among public and private schools in three districts of Isfahan. Data were collected by a self-administrated questionnaire including demographic variables, knowledge, attitude, and practice of teachers regarding ADHD and were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics. The Spearman's and Kendall' correlation coefficient, t-test, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test were employed, and P < 0.50 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The findings indicated that 65% of teachers had favorable knowledge toward ADHD, 50% of them had a favorable attitude, and 56% of their practice was desirable. The questionnaire showed that only their knowledge about ADHD symptoms was desirable, but their knowledge about cause of the disorder and its treatment was not sufficient. There was an inverse relationship between the knowledge, attitude, and practice of teachers with age, and between education and having a child, a significant direct relationship was discovered. Teachers of public schools compared to private school teachers had significantly better knowledge, attitude, and practice. CONCLUSION: Teachers' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding ADHD was relatively high. However, it is necessary to educate teachers about etiology and methods of treatment of this disorder and behavior management of these students, especially private school teachers who need more education.
Neutron Stars in f(R)-Gravity and Its Extension with a Scalar Axion Field

We present a brief review of general results about non-rotating neutron stars in simple R 2 gravity and its extension with a scalar axion field. Modified Einstein equations are presented for metrics in isotropical coordinates. The mass–radius relation, mass profile and dependence of mass from central density on various equations of state are given in comparison to general relativity.
Impact of text message-based intervention for weight control and health-promoting lifestyle behaviors of overweight and obese children

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Little information is available on the use of text messages through mobile phones to address overweight/obesity in children. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a text message-based intervention for weight control and health-promoting lifestyle behaviors of overweight/obese children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among overweight/obese school students. Data on sociodemographic, dietary intake, sleep, sedentary behavior, physical activity (PA), and anthropometry were collected before and after the intervention. Weight and height were examined according to the standard protocols. The intervention was consisted of tailored messages for weight control and healthy lifestyle, including diet, PA, sedentary behavior, and sleep. Child attitude and his practice were asked before and after the intervention. The paired t-test was performed to compare means of continuous variables before and after the intervention for normal distribution data. The Wilcoxon test was also used for nonnormal data. RESULTS: A total of 71 boy students were included in the study (62% obese). The mean age was 10.07 years. The means of attitude score for PA, nutrition, and sleep after intervention were greater than before it, but it was significant only for PA. The mean of nighttime sleep duration of students after the intervention was significantly less. Furthermore, unhealthy score decreases after the intervention. CONCLUSION: Three-month lifestyle intervention as text messages had positive effects on the nutritional intake of obese children and their attitudes toward PA, but no effect on child body mass index.
A Case of Gametic Coupling in Pisum

For some years past a variety of culinary peas has been grown at Verrieres-le-Buisson, remarkable for the fact that it has no tendrils, each of the normal tendrils being represented by a leaflet. The figure shows the appearance of the leaves of this variety, with leaves of normal plants for comparison. These “Acacia” peas, as they are called, breed perfectly true. Their origin is unknown. The variety has wrinkled seeds.
The periotic of Moeritherium (Mammalia, Proboscidea): homology or homoplasy in the ear region of Tethytheria McKenna, 1975?

Abstract The periotic of Moeritherium is described for the first time. A number of potentially autapomorphic features are identified; however, in common with living elephants and seacows the mocrithere periotic is shown to lack the fenestra cochleae and aqueductus cochleae typical of therian mammals. Instead, it possesses a secondarily undivided perilymphatic foramen, a feature considered to be a synapomorphy uniting Proboscidea and Sirenia within the Tethytheria. The supposedly more derived fossil proboscidean, Numidotherium , along with the primitive fossil sirenian Prorastomus , possess the typical therian pattern of openings to the pars cochlcaris of the periotic. It is therefore unclear whether the condition in Recent tethytheres is homologous or independently derived. It is argued that the presence in Moeritherium of a suite of periotic characters more derived than those in Numidotherium undermines the primitive status of mocritheres relative to numidotheres and all other Proboscidea, and therefore weakens the hypothesis of a secondary reversal to a more primitive auditory region in Numidotherium. The biological role of auditory specializations in Recent tethytheres is shown to have been very different, and it is argued that this functional disparity extends to the most primitive members of each order. Demonstrable homoplasy in structure and lack of functional congruence in basal members of both Sirenia and Proboscidea are deemed to be indicative of an independent acquisition of similar structures in the ear region of Recent tethytheres.
Crude terpenoid influence on mule deer preference for sagebrush.

Samples of current year's growth of leaves and stems were collected in February 1983 from basin big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. tridentata), Wyoming big sagebrush (A.t. wyomingensis Beetle and Young), mountain big sagebrush (A.t. vaseyana [Rydb.] Beetle), and black sagebrush (A. nova Nels.) on a mule deer (Odocoikus hemionus hemionus) winter range near Gardiner, Montana. Samples were from both lightly and heavily used plants (form classes) within each taxon. Crude terpenoids were separated into 3 groups: headspace vapors, volatile, and nonvolatile crude terpenoids. Compounds in each group are thought to stimulate the sensory organs of mule deer. Individual compounds were identified and quantified for comparison with preference ranks among taxa and between utilization form classes. Seven compounds were selected by discriminant analysis as indicators among the 4 taxa, with methacrolein+ethanol, p-cymene, and the sesquiterpene lactones the most probable preference determinants. Seven other compounds were found useful for separating plants within taxa into form classes. Chemical differences between the 2 form classes, however, were less distinguishable than were those among the 4
Identifying associations among sterile oat (Avena sterilis) infestation level, landscape characteristics, and crop yields

Abstract Information on weed spatial distribution could improve weed management decisions. Herbicide use could be reduced if applied only to field zones with an infestation level higher than a specific economic threshold. In this study, we surveyed 31 winter barley fields in different regions of Spain to describe the spatial distribution of sterile oat and to analyze the relationship between sterile oat infestation level and landscape and crop yield attributes. Elevation and slope angle, crop yield and slope aspect were the main factors in order of importance in explaining the distribution of sterile oat. In general, greater infestation levels were observed in flat lowland and concave landscapes, with a low crop yield, and on northern exposures (when slope ≥ 2%). We could define field zones with a higher risk (> 6 times probability) of having sterile oat problems. High-probability zones, defined by topographic attributes alone, occupied 24% of the total area and contained 46% of the high infestation levels, whereas zones defined by topographic and crop yield attributes constituted 14% of the total area and contained 31% of the infestation. Nomenclature: Sterile oat, Avena sterilis L. AVEST; barley, Hordeum vulgare L.
Performance and parasitosis in heifers grazing mixed with sows

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of mixed grazing with first season heifers and pregnant sows on animal performance, gastro-intestinal helminths, pasture quality and sward structure during three grazing seasons. This presentation will focus on results from 1999, primarily regarding performance and parasitosis in heifers. There have been no earlier reports on such mixed grazing systems. Three grazing systems were studied in replicate: 1) Heifers grazing alone; 2) sows grazing alone; 3) heifers grazing together with sows. The heifers were inoculated with low doses of infective O.ostertagi larvae at turn-out. Continuous grazing was practised in paddocks regulated in size according to herbage allowance. Individual weight gain, faecal egg output and serum pepsinogen concentrations - as indicator of O.ostertagi infection - were measured fortnightly. The sward structure and quality were greatly influenced by the applied grazing system. The average daily gain of the heifers was significantly higher (P=0.0006) when grazing together with sows (1,121±45 g/day, n=16) than when grazing alone (869±48 g/day, n=14). The mean pepsinogen concentrations were elevated in the heifers grazing alone. It is concluded, that weight gains were significantly better and infection levels with O.ostertagi were significantly reduced in heifers grazing together with sows.
Constraining velocity-dependent self-interacting dark matter with the Milky Way’s dwarf spheroidal galaxies

The observed anti-correlation between the central dark matter (DM) densities of the bright Milky Way (MW) dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) and their orbital pericenter distances poses a potential signature of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM). In this work we investigate this possibility by analysing the range of SIDM scattering cross section per unit mass, $\sigma/m_{\chi}$, able to explain such anti-correlation. We simulate the orbital evolution of dSphs subhaloes around the MW assuming an analytical form for the gravitational potential, adopting the proper motions from the Gaia mission and including a consistent characterization of gravitational tidal stripping. The evolution of the subhaloes density profile is modelled using the gravothermal fluid formalism, where DM particle collisions induce thermal conduction that depends on $\sigma/m_{\chi}$. We find that models of dSphs, such as Carina and Fornax, reproduce the observed central DM densities with fixed $\sigma/m_{\chi}$ ranging between $30$ and $50$ cm$^{2}$g$^{-1}$, whereas other dSphs prefer larger values ranging between $70$ and $100$ cm$^{2}$g$^{-1}$. These cross sections correlate with the average collision velocity of DM particles within each subhalo's core, so that systems modelled with large cross sections have lower collision velocities. We fit the cross section-velocity correlation with a SIDM particle model, where a DM particle of mass $m_{\chi}=0.648\pm 0.154$ GeV interacts under the exchange of a light mediator of mass $m_{\phi}=0.636\pm 0.055$ MeV, with the self-interactions being described by a Yukawa potential. The outcome is a cross section-velocity relation that explains the diverse DM profiles of MW dSph satellites and is consistent with observational constraints on larger scales.
Cometary Glycolaldehyde as a Source of Pre-RNA Molecules.

Over 200 molecules have been detected in multiple extraterrestrial environments, including glycolaldehyde (C2(H2O)2, GLA), a two-carbon sugar precursor that has been detected in regions of the interstellar medium. Its recent in situ detection on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and through remote observations in the comae of others provides tantalizing evidence that it is common on most (if not all) comets. Impact experiments conducted at the Experimental Impact Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center have shown that samples of GLA and GLA mixed with montmorillonite clays can survive impact delivery in the pressure range of 4.5 to 25 GPa. Extrapolated to amounts of GLA observed on individual comets and assuming a monotonic impact rate in the first billion years of Solar System history, these experimental results show that up to 1023 kg of cometary GLA could have survived impact delivery, with substantial amounts of threose, erythrose, glycolic acid, and ethylene glycol also produced or delivered. Importantly, independent of the profile of the impact flux in the early Solar System, comet delivery of GLA would have provided (and may continue to provide) a reservoir of starting material for the formose reaction (to form ribose) and the Strecker reaction (to form amino acids). Thus, comets may have been important delivery vehicles for starting molecules necessary for life as we know it.