Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent (1980 to 2015) Trends and Variability in Daily‐to‐Interannual Soluble Iron Deposition from Dust, Fire, and Anthropogenic Sources

The iron cycle is a key component of the Earth system. Yet how variable the atmospheric flux of soluble (bioaccessible) iron into oceans is, and how this variability is modulated by human activity and a changing climate, is not well known. For the first time, we characterize Satellite Era (1980 to 2015) daily‐to‐interannual modeled soluble iron emission and deposition variability from both pyrogenic (fires and anthropogenic combustion) and dust sources. Statistically significant emission trends exist: dust iron decreases, fire iron slightly increases, and anthropogenic iron increases. A strong temporal variability in deposition to ocean basins is found, and, for most regions, dust iron dominates the absolute deposition magnitude, fire iron is an important contributor to temporal variability, and anthropogenic iron imposes a significant increasing trend. Quantifying soluble iron daily‐to‐interannual deposition variability from all major iron sources, not only dust, will advance quantification of changes in marine biogeochemistry in response to the continuing human perturbation to the Earth System.
PRECONCEPTION KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES AMONG WOMEN IN FERTILITY AGE IN THE TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF GHANA

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess preconception knowledge and practices and its effect on birth outcomes among puerperal women in the Tamale Teaching Hospital.Methodology: The study employed analytic cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach. A semi-structured questionnaire was used where questions on knowledge of preconception were adopted from Southampton Women’s Survey, 2006. Puerperal women in the postnatal unit of the Tamale Teaching Hospital, who were yet to be discharged, including referred cases, were selected as target population for this study. The exclusion criteria were women who have never delivered and menopausal women. The sample size was 363 puerperal women. Purposive sampling method was used to attain the required sample. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. In the analyses, a p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant when variables were cross-tabulated.Findings: The results of the study revealed a high proportion of puerperal women 161 (44.3%) were above 30 years. The mean age was 30.56±6.44 years. The study found that 37.2% women had knowledge on preconception care. There was a significant association between folic acid intake and postpartum haemorrhage (r=-0.183, p<0.0001). There was no statistical association between birth outcomes and concurrent loss of pregnancy and number of pregnancies lost except for birth weight (r=0.202, p=0.000). Albeit preconception care knowledge was low among puerperal women, it significantly influenced postpartum haemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension but not antepartum hemorrhage and birth weight.Recommendation: At the community level the study recommended to the Ghana Health Service that a mother-to-mother support group be formed among women in their reproductive age and this could help encourage one another to discuss about their health before pregnancy and share success stories on birth outcomes and report to the facility in case of any problems.
Biodiversity in perennial and intermittent rivers: a meta-analysis

Comprehensive knowledge of the effects of disturbances on biodiversity is crucial for conservation and management, not least because ecosystems with low biodiversity may be the most vulnerable. In rivers, the role of disturbance in shaping aquatic biodiversity has mainly focused on floods. Perennial rivers (PRs) often flood, whereas intermittent rivers (IRs) flood, stop flowing and dry. Despite the recent and significant increase in research on IRs, controversy remains about whether they are more or less biodiverse than PRs. Our aim was to determine (Q1) if PRs and IRs differ in biodiversity and (Q2) if the direction and magnitude of the differences (effect sizes) are related to environmental (climate, season, habitat, longitudinal zonation and anthropogenic disturbance) and/or biological factors (taxonomic group). We conducted a meta-analysis on 44 published studies of PR and IR biodiversity that had replicated data. We applied random effects models to the data to obtain weighted mean effect sizes for differences between PRs and IRs, and their confidence intervals, by first considering all studies and then by splitting studies into groups on the basis of the above factors. We found that biodiversity was significantly higher in PRs than in IRs (Q1). We also detected significant differences (PRs> IRs) in studies of macroinvertebrates, in those conducted within arid and temperate climates, dry and wet sampling seasons, headwaters, and regions subject to different levels of anthropogenic disturbance (Q2). Our meta-analysis suggests that the expected increase in the prevalence of IRs in certain regions of the world due to global change could result in a decrease in freshwater biodiversity. To better manage and preserve aquatic biodiversity under future global change scenarios and to avoid potential ecosystem consequences of biodiversity loss, conservation efforts should be targeted towards those environmental conditions or taxonomic groups with significant differences (PRs > IRs).
Chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Dalbergia sissoo - A review

Previous studies showed that Dalbergia sissoo exerted antimicrobial, neural, cardiac, antioxidant, antiparasitic,antidiabetic,anti-inflammatory,analgesic, Osteogenic, dermatological, gastrointestinal, reproductive and many other effects. The current review highlights the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of
Mesoscale Convective System Precipitation Characteristics over East Asia. Part I: Regional Differences and Seasonal Variations

Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) play an important role in modulating the global water cycle and energy balance and frequently generate high-impact weather events. The majority of existing literature studying MCS activity over East Asia is based on specific case studies and more climatological investigations revealing the precipitation characteristics of MCSs over eastern China are keenly needed. In this study, we use an iterative rain cell tracking method to identify and track MCS precipitation during 2008–16 to investigate regional differences and seasonal variations of MCS precipitation characteristics. Our results show that the middle-to-lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin (YRB-ML) receive the largest amount and exhibit the most pronounced seasonal cycle of MCS precipitation in eastern China. MCS precipitation over YRB-ML can exceed 2.6 mm day−1 in June, contributing over 30.0% of April–July total rainfall. Particularly long-lived MCSs occur over the eastern periphery of the Tibetan Plateau (ETP), with 25% of MCSs over the ETP persisting for more than 18 h in spring. In addition, spring MCSs feature larger rainfall areas, longer durations, and faster propagation speeds. Summer MCSs have a higher precipitation intensity and a more pronounced diurnal cycle except for southeastern China, where MCSs have similar precipitation intensity in spring and summer. There is less MCS precipitation in autumn, but an MCS precipitation center over the ETP still persists. MCSs reach peak hourly rainfall intensities during the time of maximum growth (a few hours after genesis), reach their maximum size around 5 h after genesis, and start decaying thereafter.
Unique Techniques Utilizing Rib Grafts for Mandibular Reconstruction in the Pediatric Population

Introduction: Pediatric mandibular reconstruction requires a grafted segment of sufficient height and stability to support dental implant placement. Double barreling and mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) after reconstruction are two techniques to achieve this, but they have only been reported with fibular grafts. Rib grafts not only have a lower donor site morbidity than fibular grafts, but they also provide adequate defect coverage in children. As such, we propose their use with either a double barrel technique or with MDO. Methods: Three pediatric patients underwent mandibular resection and reconstruction using rib grafting. One patient underwent single rib graft placement with subsequent vertical rib distraction. In the remaining two patients, a double-barreled rib technique was used, stacked horizontally in one patient and vertically in the other. Results: From March 2018 to May 2019, three patients with an average age of 11 underwent resection of mandibular tumors or tumor-like lesions followed by immediate reconstruction with rib graft. Due to postoperative wound complications, the graft was completely removed in one patient. The remaining two patients had an uneventful recovery with dental implants planned for one and fully osseointegrated in the other. None of the patients experienced donor-site complications. Conclusion: This case series supports the utility and versatility of autogenous rib grafts as a reconstructive option in children. Not only is rib an excellent bone source with low donor site morbidity, but its height can be augmented through MDO or double barreling, facilitating the successful placement of implants and oral rehabilitation in pediatric patients.
Effects of Charging Infrastructure Characteristics on Electric Vehicle Preferences of New and Used Car Buyers in the United States

The used car market is a critical element for the mass adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). However, most previous studies on EV adoption have focused only on new car markets. This article examines and compares the effects of charging infrastructure characteristics on the preferences for EVs among both new and used car buyers. This study is based on an online stated preference choice experiment among private car owners in the U.S., and the results of comparable binomial logistic models show that new and used car buyers generally share similar patterns in preferences for EVs, with exceptions for sensitivity toward fast charging time, and home charging solutions. Respondents’ stated willingness to adopt an EV increases considerably with improvements in driving range, and the effects on new and used car buyers are similar. The study also finds that better availability of charging infrastructure largely increases preference for EVs. The results further reveal that slow and fast charging have complementary effects on encouraging EV adoption as the combination of public slow and fast charging can compensate for the unavailability of home charging.
Entrepreneurship in an Increasingly Digital and Global World. Evaluating the Role of Digital Capabilities on International Entrepreneurial Intention

Given the growing role of entrepreneurial companies in international markets, recent research endeavors direct their attention towards understanding the role of digital technologies for the internationalization efforts of new ventures. Thereby, existing research is mostly focused on explaining the enabling role of digital technologies as a contextual frame, but widely neglects the role of the individual and his/her capabilities to make use of those technologies. This paper aims at closing the above research gap by focusing on digital capabilities and investigating their effect on the intention to engage in international entrepreneurship. With the help of structural equation modeling, we integrate the concept of digital capabilities into the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and empirically analyze the complex relationship between digital capabilities, the three TPB dimensions, and international entrepreneurial intention (IEI). Using a student sample from a major German university (n = 198), we find evidence for the significant role of digital capabilities for IEI through its positive effects on an individual’s attitude towards international entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control.
Red Wine Aging by Different Micro-Oxygenation Systems and Oak Wood—Effects on Anthocyanins, Copigmentation and Color Evolution

The micro-oxygenation (MOX) of aged wine in contact with pieces of wood is a technique widely used for aging wines as an alternative to barrels. The available range of passive MOX systems is very wide and offers a behavior closer to that of barrels because it uses materials with a similar permeability to oxygen. The aim of this work has been to age the same red wine for 6 months using the main passive MOX systems and compare them with the classic MOX in stainless steel tanks and with barrels as a reference, in order to evaluate phenolic composition and establish its influence. The quantity and the way in which oxygen is incorporated into wine have been found to determine its evolution and final properties. Wine from barrels could be distinguished throughout the aging period since a better level of individualized anthocyanins was maintained, whereas stainless steel + MOX and PMDS (polydimethylsiloxane) wines presented more bluish hues.
Influence of Sowing Time, Varieties and Salicylic Acid Application on Different Physiological Parameters of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L)

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Farm, S.K. N. College of agriculture, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan to evaluate the effect of sowing time, varieties and salicylic acid (SA) application on different physiological parameters (i.e. relative water content, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, Membrane stability index, chlorophyll stability index, heat susceptibility index) of Indian mustard. The experiment was laid out in split plot deign and replicated thrice. The experiment consisted of three sowing dates [20th October (timely sowing), 15th November (late sowing) and 30th November (very late sowing)], two varieties [RGN-236, RGN-229] and four levels of Salicylic acid (Control, SA 50 ppm, SA 100 ppm and SA 150 ppm). Physiological traits like relative water content, photosynthetic rate transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, chlorophyll stability index Content, heat susceptibility index and membrane stability index are directly correlate with heat stress tolerance in crop plant. Results were revealed that effect of different sowing time, varieties and concentration of SA has shown significant effect on all tested physiological parameters of Indian mustard and those are associated with high temperature stress tolerance.
Burden of Disease in PWH Harboring a Multidrug-Resistant Virus: Data From the PRESTIGIO Registry

Abstract Background Currently, no data are available on the burden of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV-1 (PWH) harboring a 4-class drug-resistant (4DR) virus (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, integrase strand transfer inhibitors). The study aimed to assess the incidence of clinical events and death in this population. Methods This was a cohort study on PWH from the PRESTIGIO Registry with a documented 4DR virus. Burden of disease was defined as the occurrence of any new event including an AIDS-defining event (ADE) or non-AIDS-defining event (NADE) or death from any cause after 4DR evidence (baseline). Cox regression models evaluated factors associated with the risk of new clinical events/death. Results Among 148 PWH followed for a median (interquartile range) of 47 (32–84) months after 4DR evidence, 38 PWH had 62 new events or died from any cause (incidence rate, 9.12/100 person-years of follow-up; 95% CI = 6.85–11.39): 12 deaths (6 AIDS-related and 6 non-AIDS-related), 18 ADEs, 32 NADEs; 20 of the 38 NADEs (45%) of the incident clinical events were malignancies. The 4-year cumulative incidence of death was 6% (95% CI, 3%–13%), and that of ≥1 event or death was 22% (95% CI, 16%–31%). A higher risk of new clinical events/death was more likely in PWH with previous clinical events (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.67; 95% CI, 1.07–6.67) and marginally associated with lower baseline CD4+/CD8+ ratio (aHR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.65–1.02). Conclusions PWH harboring 4DR have a high burden of disease with a worrying incidence of malignancies, strongly advising for close prevention and monitoring interventions as well as access to innovative therapeutic strategies, especially in people with a history of clinical events and low CD4+/CD8+ ratio.
THE EFFECT OF INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP, INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, AND COMPANY SIZE TOWARDS COMPANY VALUE

This study aims to examine the effect of intellectual capital, institutional ownership, and company size towards firm value. The sample of this study is coal mining listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2016-2018. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique, with the acquisition of a total sample of 56 observations. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis using SPSS program. The results of this study indicates that intellectual capital and company size have no effect towards company value, while institutional ownership has a positive effect towards company value.
Heat shock‐induced metabolic conversion of membrane lipids, fatty acids and volatile organic compounds of Pyropia haitanensis under different heat shock time

Lipid metabolites play an important role in understanding the stress physiology of Pyropia haitanensis, and can be used to facilitate development of stress‐resistant Pyropia cultivars. Therefore, in this study ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) based metabolomics approaches were developed to screen the responses of lipid metabolites such as phospholipids, glycolipids, fatty acids and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to different heat shock times. A total of 26 potential lipid biomarkers including Lyso‐monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (Lyso‐MGDG), Lyso‐digalactosyldiacylglycerol (Lyso‐DGDG), sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerols (SQMG), sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG), diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine (DGTS), triacylglycerol (TAG), Lyso‐phosphatidicacid (Lyso‐PA), Lyso‐phosphatidylcholine (Lyso‐PC), Lyso‐phosphatidylethanolamine (Lyso‐PE), Lyso‐phosphatidylglycerol (Lyso‐PG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) were identified, most of which responded to high temperature by reducing or increasing levels after stimulation for 1 h or 6 h. After times longer than 6 h, the levels of most lipids gradually recovered to the control group levels. Moreover, the balance of lipids and fatty acids transformation was disrupted. Overall, 11 total fatty acids (TFAs), 13 free fatty acids (FFAs) and 29 VOCs were identified during 0–72 h of high temperature stress. The FFAs, especially polyunsaturated C 20 fatty acids and VOCs, showed opposing change trends, indicating the transformation between C 20 fatty acids and VOCs. Overall, this study provides important insights into the metabolic variations of P. haitanensis under different heat shock time and the relationship between the conversion of lipids, fatty acids, and VOCs. The information provided herein will facilitate efficient development and improvement of Pyropia quality by producing cultivars resistant to high temperature.
Educational intimacy: Learning, prefiguration, and relationships in an LGBTQ+ youth group’s advocacy efforts

ABSTRACT Background Using a conceptualization of learning as the act of organizing possible futures, I examine prefigurative relationship-building processes. Youth organizing research has shown that relational and political development are outcomes of participation, but offers limited examples of how these developments co-occur in discourse. Methods I research alongside Chroma, an LGBTQ+-themed community-based youth group whose members offer training to teachers and others about working with LGBTQ+ youth. Drawing on critical ethnography and discourse analysis, I engage the question: What was the character of the social relations Chroma youth organized together as they worked to advance their educational advocacy projects? Findings I develop a notion of educational intimacy, which describes relationships that allow for inclusive and productive engagement in advocacy and learning while also mirroring desired future social configurations. I ground my development of educational intimacy in audio data from Chroma meetings, workdays, and trainings. Contribution I situate educational intimacy in queer theoretic perspectives and existing learning sciences research. I conclude with some open questions about educational intimacy and learning in collective action projects. Educational intimacy offers a way of talking about how relational and political developments co-occur as learning processes in social movement spaces.
The usefulness of leptin measurements and ultrasound fat thickness for assessment of body fat reserves of Awassi lambs

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the usefulness of leptin measurements for predicting back fat thickness and the amount of carcase fat in lambs with varying body weights (BWs). Blood samples were taken from 20 male Awassi lambs at 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 kg BW. Tail, omental, dissected, and total fat were measured at slaughter (40 kg BW). Ultrasound fat thickness (UFT) increased with BW (p < .05) whereas leptin concentration tended to increase (p = .09). Serum leptin concentration was correlated with BW for 25, 30, 35, and 40 kg BW (r = 0.53, 0.52, 0.51 and 0.61, respectively; p < .05) and with UFT for 30, 35, and 40 kg BW (r = 0.50, 0.51 and 0.59, respectively; p < .05); therefore it appears that leptin concentration is not a suitable predictor for BW and UFT in low BW lambs. In addition, similar correlations were found for leptin concentration and hot carcase, omental, dissected, and total fat weights (r = 0.62, 0.64, 0.66 and 0.76, respectively; p < .05) but not for tail fat (p >.05 for 40 kg BW). The introduction of UFT and BW as independent variables in addition to leptin in the multiple regression equations improved the predictions for carcase fat only (57.6%, p < .05; 57.8%, p < .05 and 60.7%, p > .05 for leptin, leptin + UFT and leptin + BW, respectively). Leptin was a single predictor for omentum and dissected fat (41.4%, p < .05 and 43.5%, p < .05 respectively) whereas no improvement was observed for tail fat (p > .05). The other variables (UFT and BW) were not a predictor (p > .05) except for total fat (p > .05). These results indicate that serum leptin concentration in association with BW and UFT could be used to estimate total fat (tail, omental and dissectible carcase fat) in male Awassi lambs.
Cycle GAN-Based Data Augmentation For Multi-Organ Detection In CT Images Via Yolo

We propose a deep learning solution to the problem of object detection in 3D CT images, i.e. the localization and classification of multiple structures. Supervised learning methods require large annotated datasets that are usually difficult to acquire. We thus develop a Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN) + You Only Look Once (YOLO) combined method for CT data augmentation using MRI source images to train a YOLO detector. This results in a fast and accurate detection with a mean average distance of $7. 95 \pm 6.2$ mm, which is significantly better than detection without data augmentation. We show that the approach compares favorably to state-of-the-art detection methods for medical images.