Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Closed strings in Misner space: stringy fuzziness with a twist

Misner space, also known as the Lorentzian orbifold , is the simplest tree-level solution of string theory with a cosmological singularity. We compute tree-level scattering amplitudes involving twisted states, using operator and current algebra techniques. We find that, due to zero-point quantum fluctuations of the excited modes, twisted strings with a large winding number w are fuzzy on a scale , which can be much larger than the string scale. Wavefunctions are smeared by an operator reminiscent of the Moyal product of non-commutative geometry, which, since Δ(ν) is real, modulates the amplitude rather than the phase of the wavefunction, and is purely gravitational in its origin. We compute the scattering amplitude of two twisted states and one tachyon or graviton, and find a finite result. The scattering amplitude of two twisted and two untwisted states is found to diverge, due to the propagation of intermediate winding strings with vanishing boost momentum. The scattering amplitude of three twisted fields is computed by analytic continuation from three-point amplitudes of states with non-zero p+ in the Nappi–Witten plane wave, and the non-locality of the three-point vertex is found to diverge for certain kinematical configurations. Our results for the three-point amplitudes allow us in principle to compute, to leading order, the back-reaction on the metric due to a condensation of coherent winding strings.
Heat conduction in 2d harmonic lattices with on-site potential

We discuss heat conduction in 2d lattices, the first example of a class of 2d harmonic crystals subject to on-site anharmonic potentials. In general, they do not show up linear thermal gradient in contrast to their 1d counterparts. Inclusion of specific nonlinearity, however, leads to conductivity which diverges logarithmically with system size. The variation of thermal conductivity (κ) with temperature and dissipation enables us to identify a dynamical contribution over and above the thermodynamic factor allowed by the transition state theory as κ = κdynamic×κthermodynamic and to distinguish the regimes of energy diffusion and spatial diffusion in the nonequilibrium stationary state in thermal conduction.
On the Cauchy problem for the multi-dimensional Cauchy-Riemann operator in the Lebesgue space in a domain

Let be a bounded domain in () with infinitely smooth boundary . We describe necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the Cauchy problem in the Lebesgue space in the domain for the multi-dimensional Cauchy-Riemann operator . As an example we consider the situation where the domain is the part of a spherical shell , , in , where is the ball of radius with centre at the origin, cut off by a smooth hypersurface with the same orientation as . In this case, using the Laurent expansion for harmonic functions in the shell we construct the Carleman formula for recovering a function in the Lebesgue space from its values on and the values of in the domain , if these values belong to and , respectively. Bibliography: 16 titles.
The knowledge enablers of knowledge transfer: a study in the construction industries in Ghana

This research aims to investigate and identify knowledge transfer (KT) enablers within the developing country of Ghana. These enablers act as mechanisms to stimulate knowledge creation, knowledge protection and build effective knowledge-sharing (KS) behaviour in construction companies – consequently, they are crucial to business survival in a globally competitive market. ,A perception questionnaire survey was used to elicit responses from construction practitioners using purposive and snowballing non-probability sampling techniques. Summary statistical analysis and a chi-square test was used to uncover relationships between the independent and dependent variables. ,An empirical examination of data collected indicated that knowledge strategy, organizational culture, information technology and knowledge leadership as knowledge enablers have a significant positive relationship with KT. Future research is however required to measure transfer within an organization vis-a-vis measure perception of such. ,The work presents a rare glimpse of the relationship between knowledge enablers and KT (particularly in a developing country context) and as such provides utility to policymakers and construction firms to enhance their knowledge capabilities.
COSMICFLOWS-3

The Cosmicflows database of galaxy distances that in the second edition contained 8188 entries is now expanded to 17,669 entries. The major additions are 2257 distances that we have derived from the correlation between galaxy rotation and luminosity with photometry at obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope and 8885 distances based on the Fundamental Plane methodology from the Six Degree Field Galaxy Survey collaboration. There are minor augmentations to the Tip of the Red Giant Branch and Type Ia supernova compilations. A zero-point calibration of the supernova luminosities gives a value for the Hubble Constant of (± rand. ± sys.) km s−1 Mpc−1. Alternatively, a restriction on the peculiar velocity monopole term representing global infall/outflow implies km s−1 Mpc−1.
The Efficacy of the Period of Saccharification on Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Trunk Sap Hydrolysis

This study investigates the enzymatic hydrolysis rate of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Trunk (OPT) sap in terms of the length of saccharification process with the aim to elevate sugar production. Emphasis was placed on the reaction time and addition of supplements such epsom salt (MgSO4) and alanine amino acid (C3H7NO2) to accelerate the efficiency of Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing the enzyme invertase. A whole oil palm trunk was divided into four different sections, upper, middle-1, middle-2 and bottom with separate experiments over 10 days enzymatic reaction period. The highest saccharification rate was shown as 13.47% on the tenth day. This result indicates that the increase in the saccharification rate was positively correlated with the length of hydrolysis. Moreover, the sample with nutrients achieved the highest sugar output, 17.91% on the fourth day of hydrolysis which was 4.44% higher than the hydrolysis rate of the sample without nutrients. In the presence of complex OPT sugars, together with other essential elements, epsom salt and alanine amino acid, S.cerevisiae achieved a higher hydrolysis metabolism to simple sugars as the cells strived to produce energy and regenerated the invertase. Moreover, the upper part of the OPT rendered the highest potential for sugar production with levels of 21.2% with supplements and 15.6% without. From this experimental analysis, a conventional saccharification method was optimized through the addition of nutrients and a prolonged (10 days) hydrolysis process which yielded an increase in sugar production.
General sensor equation and actuator equation for the theory of laminated piezoelectric plates

The general sensor equation and actuator equation and their one-dimensional forms are formulated for the theory of laminated piezoelectric plates. The reciprocal relationship between orthotropic piezoelectric sensors and actuators has been investigated. Discussions show the suitability of the previous related equations and results. Numerical results illustrate the inexactitutde of some previous one-dimensional equations.
Potential of Millet Grains as Alternative Media for Preservation of Fungal Pathogen

Crop losses due to pathogen attacks had increased tremendously from year to year and this situation is very alarming. Among important pathogen, fungi are dominant causal agents of plant disease that manage to colonize the host with various strategies and finally kill them. Identification based on laboratory investigations become vital since there are many kinds of fungi linked to plant disease. Laboratory investigations might take a long period thus effective storage and preservation of fungal cultures are critical to ensuring their viability and maintaining their genetic integrity. Conventional agar medium preservation is not really ideal for long-term study since it requires repetitive sub-culturing, which can change the pathogen’s characteristics and contaminate the fungal cultures. This study has determined the potential of millet grains as alternative media for preservation of fungal pathogen using three different drying process. Two species of fungi that related with dieback disease of woody plants such as Parkinsonia, mango, cocoa and apple have been used in this study namely Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae. The effectiveness of the millet grains as culture media were assessed based on viability and contamination rates. Millet grains that have been cultured with the fungal pathogen were dried using three drying process which are air drying, oven drying and freeze drying. Viability test revealed that both fungi produced high viability rates even after 8 weeks of storage period in the millet grains. The least contamination rate recorded by millet grains that have been dried using oven drying. The findings indicate that millet grains habe a great potential as an alternative media for preservation of fungal pathogen.
Electron mobility anisotropy in (Al,Ga)Sb/InAs two-dimensional electron gases epitaxied on GaAs (001) substrates

The electron mobility anisotropy in (Al,Ga)Sb/InAs two-dimensional electron gases with different surface morphology has been investigated. Large electron mobility anisotropy is found for the sample with anisotropic morphology, which is mainly induced by the threading dislocations in the InAs layer. For the samples with isotropic morphology, the electron mobility is also anisotropic and could be attributed to the piezoelectric scattering. At low temperature (below transition temperature), the piezoelectric scattering is enhanced with the increase of temperature, leading to the increase of electron mobility anisotropy. At high temperature (above transition temperature), the phonon scattering becomes dominant. Because the phonon scattering is isotropic, the electron mobility anisotropy in all the samples would be reduced. Our results provide useful information for the comprehensive understanding of electron mobility anisotropy in the (Al,Ga)Sb/InAs system.
Digital experiment system of uniform circular motion with remote laboratory based on website

Circular motion experiment is an important activity to develop the abilities of students in learning physics. The covid-19 pandemic has caused experimental activities in the laboratory don’t be carry out properly. A solution to solve this problem is to develop a uniform circular motion experiment system with remote laboratory based on website. The objective of this research was to determine the accuracy and precision of the circular motion experimental system with remote laboratory based on website. This research can be classified into engineering research, which is an activity in the design of a product that isn’t continuous. Data collection techniques were carried out in two ways, namely direct measurement and indirect measurement. The research data were analyzed by error theory and descriptive statistics. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, it can be stated from the digital uniform circular motion modelling tool with a length of 54 cm, a width of 43 cm and a height of 21 cm with an accuracy and precision of controlling a stepper motor of 99.03 % and 98.84 %. The accuracy and precision of the uniform circular motion modelling tool with a remote laboratory is close to 100%.
Real-time Measurement of Cutting Width on a Mini Rice Combine Harvester

Variability of yield could be measured during harvesting, data could be used to evaluate management of the field and provide useful information for planning fertilizer applications for the next coming season. Measurement of cutting width is a one of parameter to get the instantaneous yield. In order to obtain an accurate instantaneous yield when harvesting rice, a proper cutting width measurement method is needed during the harvesting process. This research aim is to develop real time of cutting width during system using US-100 ultrasonic sensor on a mini combine harvester. The developed system comprises a cutting width sensor, GPS receiver and a computer installed with customized software, which, when assembled on a local rice combine. The performance of the developed system was evaluated that the sensor is working well to measure real time of cutting width during operation with a value of R2 = 1. The system also provides the variability map of the cutting width within the field.
Impact of computer assisted resitation program on students’ conceptual undestanding on static fluid topics

A computer-assisted recitation program has been developed to improve students’ conceptual understanding in static fluid materials. This program consists of 68 multiple choice questions with direct feedback. This research aims to test the effectiveness of computer-assisted recitation programs in improving conceptual understanding. This research is an experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects consisted of 138 first-year physics students who were taking the Basic Physics I. The research instrument consisted of 12 reasoned multiple choice questions. Data analysis was performed using paired sample t-test, N-gain, and d-effect size. The results of the study found that the recitation program could significantly improve students’ conceptual understanding with N-gain of 0.46 (upper medium category) and a d-effect size of 1.80 (very strong category). However, we still found difficulties for students, especially in comparing the magnitude of the Archimedes force on identical blocks in different fluids.
Implications of a Temperature-dependent Initial Mass Function. III. Mass Growth and Quiescence

The stellar initial mass function (IMF) is predicted to depend upon the temperature of gas in star-forming molecular clouds. The introduction of an additional parameter, T IMF, into photometric template fitting suggests most galaxies obey an IMF top heavier than the Galactic IMF. The implications of the revised fit on mass function, quiescence, and turnoff are discussed. At all redshifts, the highest-mass galaxies become quiescent first with the turnoff mass decreasing toward the present. The synchronous turnoff mass across galaxies suggests quiescence is driven by universal mechanisms rather than by stochastic or environmental processes.
Automated Mobility-on-Demand vs. Mass Transit: A Multi-Modal Activity-Driven Agent-Based Simulation Approach

Among the new transportation services made possible by the introduction of automated vehicles, automated mobility-on-demand (AMoD) has attracted a lot of attention from both industry and researchers. AMoD provides a service similar to taxi or ride-sharing services, while being driverless. It is expected to attract a huge fraction of travelers currently using mass transit or private vehicles and will have a disruptive effect on urban transportation. While most studies have focused on the operational efficiency of the technology itself, our work aims to investigate its impact on urban mobility. Our contribution is two-fold. First, we present a flexible AMoD modeling and simulation framework developed within a multi-modal agent-based urban simulation platform (SimMobility). The framework allows the detailed simulation and assessment of different AMoD operations together with an activity-based framework that accounts for changes in demand, such as activity participation, trip making, mode, destination, or route choice decisions. Second, we focus our attention on the role of mass transit in a futuristic urban system where AMoD is widely available. Mass transit is already challenged by current ride-sharing services, for example, Uber and Lyft, which provide comparatively better and cheaper services. This trend will plausibly be exacerbated with the introduction of AMoD, which may indirectly act as a replacement to mass transit. Our simulation results show that mass transit is irreplaceable, despite the high efficiency of AMoD, in order to avoid congestion and maintain a sustainable urban transportation system with acceptable levels of service.
Velocity pulse measurements in the mesenteric arterioles of rabbits

The axial red blood cell velocity pulse was quantified throughout its period by a high-speed video microscopy method, using images of erythrocytes moving near the microvessel axis. In 10 mesenteric precapillary arterioles (8 to 12 µm in diameter) from six rabbits, axial velocities ranged from 0.46 (the minimum of all the end diastolic values) to 4.8 mm s−1 (the maximum of all the peak systolic values). With the velocity pulse shape properly quantified, a correct estimation of the average velocity over time can be made and hence, appropriate quantification of blood flow. Average velocity ranged between 1.14 mm s−1 (8 µm arterioles) and 1.98 mm s−1 (9 µm arterioles). Also, with the velocity pulse shape known, an estimation of the magnitude of the pulsation can be made by introducing Pourcelot's resistive index (RI) in the microvascular haemodynamics (diameter less than 15 µm). The results of this study reveal that RI in the precapillary arterioles is quite high ranging between 0.56 (8 µm arterioles) and 0.74 (12 µm arterioles). Observing the velocity pulse diagrams in different diameters, quantitative information is obtained for the first time on how the velocity pulse shape flattens as it proceeds to the capillary bed.
On the group of substitutions of formal power series with integer coefficients

We study certain properties of the group of substitutions of formal power series in one variable with integer coefficients. We show that , regarded as a topological group, has four generators and cannot be generated by fewer elements. In particular, we show that the one-dimensional continuous homology of is isomorphic to . We study various topological and geometric properties of the coset space . We compute the real cohomology with uniformly locally constant supports and show that it is naturally isomorphic to the cohomology of the nilpotent part of the Lie algebra of formal vector fields on the line.
Effect of thickness on the buckling strength of egg-shaped pressure hulls

ABSTRACT This paper is devoted to a further investigation on a range of externally pressurised egg-shaped pressure hulls. Hulls are 2.561 m long, 1.767 m wide, and have uniform wall thickness varying from 10 to 80 mm with 5 mm increment. Series of numerical simulations and laboratory scale experiments are performed to systematically study the buckling of egg-shaped pressure hulls, along with the effect of wall thickness on the buckling. Volume and mass equivalent spherical pressure hulls are also proposed to make a like-for-like comparison with egg-shaped pressure hulls. The results show that egg-shaped pressure hulls seem to be applicable to deep sea manned/unmanned submersibles, especially to full ocean depth ones (11,000 m). Also, deep pressure hulls tend to buckle in an elastic–plastic regime, which is strongly affected by the wall thickness.
Exact braneworld cosmology induced from bulk black holes

We use a new, exact approach in calculating the energy density measured by an observer living on a brane embedded in a charged black-hole spacetime. We find that the bulk Weyl tensor gives rise to nonlinear terms in the energy density and pressure in the FRW equations for the brane. Remarkably, these take exactly the same form as the ‘unconventional’ terms found in the cosmology of branes embedded in pure AdS, with extra matter living on the brane. Black-hole-driven cosmologies have the benefit that there is no ambiguity in splitting the braneworld energy momentum into tension and additional matter. We propose a new, enlarged relationship between the two descriptions of braneworld cosmology. We also study the exact thermodynamics of the field theory and present a generalized Cardy–Verlinde formula in this set-up.
Evolution of entanglement entropy in the early universe

We investigate the entropy evolution in the early universe by computing the change of the entanglement entropy in Freedmann-Robertson-Walker quantum cosmology in the presence of particle horizon. The matter is modeled by a Chaplygin gas so as to provide a smooth interpolation between inflationary and radiation epochs, rendering the evolution of entropy from early time to late time trackable. We found that soon after the onset of the inflation, the total entanglement entropy rapidly decreases to a minimum. It then rises monotonically in the remainder of the inflation epoch as well as the radiation epoch. Our result is in qualitative agreement with the area law of Ryu and Takayanagi including the logarithmic correction. We comment on the possible implication of our finding to the cosmological entropy problem.
Conservative constraints on early cosmology with MONTE PYTHON

Models for the latest stages of the cosmological evolution rely on a less solid theoretical and observational ground than the description of earlier stages like BBN and recombination. As suggested in a previous work by Vonlanthen et al., it is possible to tweak the analysis of CMB data in such way to avoid making assumptions on the late evolution, and obtain robust constraints on ''early cosmology parameters''. We extend this method in order to marginalise the results over CMB lensing contamination, and present updated results based on recent CMB data. Our constraints on the minimal early cosmology model are weaker than in a standard ΛCDM analysis, but do not conflict with this model. Besides, we obtain conservative bounds on the effective neutrino number and neutrino mass, showing no hints for extra relativistic degrees of freedom, and proving in a robust way that neutrinos experienced their non-relativistic transition after the time of photon decoupling. This analysis is also an occasion to describe the main features of the new parameter inference code MONTE PYTHON, that we release together with this paper. MONTE PYTHON is a user-friendly alternative to other public codes like COSMOMC, interfaced with the Boltzmann code CLASS.
Delensing CMB polarization with external datasets

One of the primary scientific targets of current and future CMB polarization experiments is the search for a stochastic background of gravity waves in the early universe. As instrumental sensitivity improves, the limiting factor will eventually be B-mode power generated by gravitational lensing, which can be removed through use of so-called ``delensing'' algorithms. We forecast prospects for delensing using lensing maps which are obtained externally to CMB polarization: either from large-scale structure observations, or from high-resolution maps of CMB temperature. We conclude that the forecasts in either case are not encouraging, and that significantly delensing large-scale CMB polarization requires high-resolution polarization maps with sufficient sensitivity to measure the lensing B-mode. We also present a simple formalism for including delensing in CMB forecasts which is computationally fast and agrees well with Monte Carlos.