Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Milk Production of Sarda Suckler Cows with Different Calving Period

The study explored the relationship between the performance of calves and calving season in a Mediterranean rangeland-based beef livestock system. Twenty multiparous Sarda cows, grazing on a natural pasture, with two distinct calving periods (group A, 11 animals, calving date 15/10/2016 ± 16 (means ± s.d.), and group W, nine animals, calving date 26/01/2017 ± 11) were used. Meteorological data, herbage quality, daily milk yield (DMY), total milk yield (TMY), body weight (BW) of cows and calf, body-weight daily gain (ADG) of calves, body condition score (BCS) and calving interval (CI) of cows were assessed. A mixed-effects model was used to DMY and ADG data while TMY, BCS, weaning weight (WW) and CI data were analyzed by a linear model. The most determining factors in the DMY and ADG were detected by means of partial least square regression (PLSR) procedure. Group W showed higher DMY (6.5 ± 0.3 kg/d vs. 4.5 ± 0.3 kg/d, p < 0.001) and TMY (1,189 ± 70 kg vs. 830 ± 60 kg, p = 0.002) than Group A, but this did not result in a greater ADG of calves (Group A: 0.83 ± 0.04 kg/d/animal and Group W: 0.99 ± 0.09 kg/d/animal, p-value not significant) or WW when adjusted for their age (Group A: 216 ± 14 kg/animal and Group W: 250 ± 22 kg/animal, p-value not significant). In contrast, the WW actually measured were higher in Group A than in Group W (257 ± 7 kg vs. 175 ± 8 kg, p < 0.001). The Group W cows experienced a minor CI than Group A cows (288 ± 13 d vs. 320 ± 8 d, p = 0.04). The results of PLSR suggest that the factors with utmost importance for both DMY and ADG were the age and the body-weight of cows, highlighting the excellent maternal ability of Sarda breed and its good adaptation to environment.
Use of Visual Media in Health Promotion About Immunization

Implementation of health promotion needs to be addressed is the selection of media y ang accordance with the target. Health promotion media is a tool used to help the health promotion process. The right media make information more easily accepted by the target, so that behavior will also change according to the knowledge gained. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using visual media (leaflets) in health promotion about immunization. This research is a pre-experimental study with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The data analysis technique used univariate and bivariate analysis. Univariate analysis was performed to see responden characterstic, while while bivariate data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test to see how visual media's effect to knowledge and behaviour of immunization. The result showed that health promotion using visual media, namely leaflets can significantly increase both the knowledge and behavior of mothers about immunization
Effect of season and behavioral activity on the hypopharyngeal glands of three honey bee Apis mellifera L. races under stressful climatic conditions of central Saudi Arabia

Honey production gains are needed to deal with high demand in Saudi Arabia. The honey bee races are facing stressful hot-arid weather conditions that can affect different aspects of physiology and behavior. The hypopharyngeal glands (HPGs) of honey bees have prominent roles in various social behaviors through their secretions. The measurement of acini size and lipofuscin accumulation indicates the changes in HPGs in response to different factors including weather and behavioral castes. This research aimed to reveal how natural harsh environment of summer and winter can shape the HPGs in foragers and nurses of an indigenous bee race (Apismelliferajemenitica Ruttner) in comparison with two exotic bee races (Apismelliferacarnica Pollmann and Apismelliferaligustica Spinola). This study presents new information of significant differences in the HPGs of two behavioral castes (nurses and foragers) of indigenous and exotic bee races under harsh natural environmental conditions. HPGs of foragers have significantly higher lipofuscin accumulation and smaller acini size than nurse bees in all tested races during summer and winter seasons. A strong inverse correlation was found between acini size and lipofuscin accumulation in each race in both seasons. Smaller acini size and lipofuscin accumulation were detected in the HPGs of indigenous bees (foragers and nurses) than exotic bee races during both seasons. The acini size and lipofuscin accumulation were similar between exotic bee races but higher than that of the indigenous bee race.
RETURN TO SPORT PARTICIPATION CRITERIA FOLLOWING SHOULDER INJURY: A CLINICAL COMMENTARY.

Context The shoulder complex is frequently injured during sports. The tremendous mobility of the shoulder makes returning to sport participation following shoulder injury a challenging task for both the clinician and athlete. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to review the current literature on return to sport criteria and provide evidence-informed and clinically useful guidelines and recommendations to aid in clinical decision making for return to sports after shoulder micro- and macro-traumatic injuries. Evidence Acquisition A search of the PubMed database using the terms functional tests, upper extremity testing, return to play, and shoulder injury was performed. Further evaluation of the bibliographies of the identified articles expanded the evidence. This evidence was used to inform the clinical commentary. Results Return to sport decision making is a sequential, criterion-based process. Assessment of patient reported outcomes, range of motion, strength, and functional performance must all be considered. Numerous tests are available for the clinician to determine whether a patient is ready to return to sports following a shoulder injury or surgery. A different set of tests should be utilized for the overhead athlete (microtrauma injury) compared to the patient with a macrotraumatic shoulder injury because of the differing demands and sports requirements. Conclusion Use of pre-determined criteria, available in the literature, minimizes the reliance on the subjective element alone during takes athlete progression and provides everyone involved in the process with known, pre-established, measurable markers and goals that must be achieved prior to progressing to practice and returning to competition. This type of performance progression assessment testing provides the clinician with a useful set of tools to objectively assist and guide the determination regarding when an athlete can safely progress back to practice and then return to unrestricted athletic activities. Level of evidence 5.
Maternal Angiotensinogen Genotype and Fetal Sex Impact Uteroplacental Function and the Developmental Origins of Stress-Induced Hypertension

i Dedication.ii Acknowledgements.iii List of Tables.v List of Figures.vi Preface.ix Chapter 1.1 Dissertation Introduction: New Insights into the Roles of Maternal Genotype and Fetal Sex in the Pathophysiology of Placental Insufficiency Chapter 2.16 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Delivery to Uterine Spiral Arteries Rescues Pregnancy-induced Angiogenesis and Prevents Fetal Growth Restriction in Transgenic Mouse Model of Placental Insufficiency Chapter 3.41 Fetal Sex Affects Uteroplacental Angiogenesis in Mouse Model of Fetal Growth Restriction Chapter 4.67 Renal DNA Methylation and the Developmental Programming of StressInduced Hypertension in Male Mice Chapter 5.87 Concluding Remarks and Future Directions References by Chapter.94
Phenology and fruit biometrics in different positions of reproductive branches of Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg

Abstract Phenology is very important to the understanding of plant cycles, the repetition of biological events, and the causes of these cycles in relation to abiotic selective factors and biotic factors. The aims of this to evaluate the time of occurrence and intensity of the vegetative and reproductive phenological phases, their correlations with external factors, and the influence of photosynthetically active radiation in the fruit Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg. The study was conducted on a farm in the municipality of Rio Verde, Bazil. The phenological characterisation was performed using ten adult plants. Phenological observations of vegetative and reproductive phenophases were made monthly and weekly, respectively. The total number and the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the fruit of two branches per plant, with higher and lower incidence of radiation, were also evaluated. The young and adult leaves in Campomanesia adamantium were active for almost the entire study period, except the young leaves were inactive in the months of May and August. The presence of sprouts was also very high during the study period. There was a phenophase cycle of rapid and intense play between October and January for C. adamantium. The incidence of radiation interfered with the size and production of the fruit. Fruits that developed in the shadow of branches were fewer and their biometric values ​​lower than those who developed in sunlight.
Determination of Lipid Peroxidation and Fatty Acid Compositions in the Caviars of Rainbow Trout and Carp

ABSTRACT In this study, roes obtained from carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) that were caught in Keban Dam Lake (Turkey) and cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were processed as caviar, and the products were stored at + 4 C°. Lipid peroxidation and the compositions of fatty acids of these products were assessed during production and storage period. The result of fatty analyses showed that palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1), oleic acid (18:1), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are all essential fatty acids, were determined in the caviars of the roes obtained from rainbow trout and carp. According to results of chemical analyses, there were no significant differences in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) between rainbow trout and carp caviars (p > 0.05), but malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.01). It can be concluded that caviars obtained from both rainbow trout and carp roes are rich in fatty acids and take a part in a balanced and healthy diet.
Content Classification With Electroglottograph

Electroglottograph(EGG) is a physiological signal collected from the throat which reflects the vocal cord movement. EGG signals can be still collected from patients without speaking ability or from the extremely noisy environments. Additionally, the trends of the vocal cord movement will be distinctive for long enough Chinese sentences with different contents. Therefore, it is valuable and possible to carry out the research of applying only the EGG signals for content classification or recognition. In this paper, a content classification method with EGG was proposed, which consists of an EGG feature extraction module and a classification network based on LSTM(Long Short-Term Memory) units. The EGG feature extraction module was composed of three parts: the voiced segments extraction, the feature extraction and the F 0 smoothing. The classification network was made of a three-layer bidirectional LSTM encoder. This method achieved 91.12% accuracy on the validation set in 20-class content classification experiment, which provides the reference for further study in content classification and recognition with EGG signals.
Determination of Factors that Contribute to Postgraduate Students’ Delay in their Thesis/Dissertation Completion

Most postgraduate students in federal and state universities rarely complete their thesis/dissertation at the appropriate time. It therefore becomes necessary to determine the factors that contribute to postgraduate students’ delay in their thesis/dissertation completion in federal and state universities in south east, Nigeria. The study was guided by two research questions and two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Descriptive survey research design was utilized to assess 1,254 students sampled from a population of all the postgraduate students in federal and state universities, south east, Nigeria using multistage sampling procedure. Questionnaire titled ‘‘Factors that Contribute to Delay in Postgraduate Students’ Thesis/Dissertation Completion (FCDPSTDC)’’ was used for data collection. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation and the hypotheses were tested using t-test. The findings of the study revealed among others that supervisors and students’ related factors contribute to the delay of postgraduate students’ completion of their thesis/dissertation in federal and state universities, south east, Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that university management should organize mandatory yearly orientation programme for postgraduate students to equip them with research skills and also guide them on how to properly write and complete thesis/dissertation at the stipulated time
Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend and its impact on Education: Do we study for the money?

Universal Basic Income (UBI) has been featured in political discussions over the last years. Both people in favour and against its adoption, have provided numerous arguments to support either its positive or negative impact. Empirical literature on the topic is scarce since, with few exceptions, not many experiments have been conducted so far to empirically assess its effects. I use the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend, a UBI-like programme, to assess the implications of unconditional cash transfers on educational decisions. I use data from various governmental sources, and predominantly Consumer Population Survey (CPS) data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS), to construct a panel dataset of 2,091 stateyear observations. Using a synthetic control approach, I investigate how college enrolment and bachelor completion have been affected since the implementation of the dividend. The results show that college enrolments have no significant change with the implementation of the dividend but there is a significantly negative effect on bachelor degree completion.
Impact of ocean acidification and high solar radiation on productivity and species composition of a late summer phytoplankton community of the coastal Western Antarctic Peninsula

The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), one of the most productive regions of the Southern Ocean, is currently undergoing rapid environmental changes such as ocean acidification (OA) and increased daily irradiances from enhanced surface‐water stratification. To assess the potential for future biological CO2 sequestration of this region, we incubated a natural phytoplankton assemblage from Ryder Bay, WAP, under a range of pCO2 levels (180 μatm, 450 μatm, and 1000 μatm) combined with either moderate or high natural solar radiation (MSR: 124 μmol photons m−2 s−1 and HSR: 435 μmol photons m−2 s−1, respectively). The initial and final phytoplankton communities were numerically dominated by the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis antarctica, with the single cells initially being predominant and solitary and colonial cells reaching similar high abundances by the end. Only when communities were grown under ambient pCO2 in conjunction with HSR did the small diatom Fragilariopsis pseudonana outcompete P. antarctica at the end of the experiment. Such positive light‐dependent growth response of the diatom was, however, dampened by OA. These changes in community composition were caused by an enhanced photosensitivity of diatoms, especially F. pseudonana, under OA and HSR, reducing thereby their competitiveness toward P. antarctica. Moreover, community primary production (PP) of all treatments yielded similar high rates at the start and the end of the experiment, but with the main contributors shifting from initially large to small cells toward the end. Even though community PP of Ryder Bay phytoplankton was insensitive to the changes in light and CO2 availability, the observed size‐dependent shift in productivity could, however, weaken the biological CO2 sequestration potential of this region in the future.
COVID-19 and the bovine livestock sector in Colombia: Current and potential developments, impacts and mitigation options

The COVID-19 crisis is affecting the bovine livestock sector in Colombia. First impacts and short-term mitigation measures are already visible in all links of the beef and dairy value chains. The full magnitude of the crisis is not yet visible but most impacts already are or will be negative and will affect the beef and dairy value chain's performance in the near future. However, positive trends are also visible and some will endure the crisis and help building a more resilient food system for the future. Consumer preferences will change towards more food safety, traceability, animal welfare and sustainability and the sector will need to understand this and push value chain formalization and consumer communication. The transformation of the primary sector towards more sustainability and efficiency is becoming urgent, not only to increase resilience during times of crisis (as in the actual COVID-19 situation), but also to face the aggravating effects of climate change and combat inequality. Digitalization and virtualization have become important means during the crisis in all links of the value chains, creating opportunities for sustainably increasing sector efficiency. Research can play a fundamental role in analyzing and understanding the impacts posed by the current crisis, providing technologies and recommendations for recovery, and developing solutions for building resilient food systems. This document serves as a guide to understand current developments, impacts and mitigation measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic. It also provides an outlook on potential future impacts and suggestions for mitigation options that can help policy and decision-makers in preparing the sector better for future crises.
Experimental and numerical investigation of the thermal decomposition of materials at three scales: application to polyether polyurethane foam used in upholstered furniture

The fire behaviour of polyether polyurethane foam has been studied at three scales: matter scale, small scale and product scale. A method to determine the thermal decomposition mechanism of materials was defined at the matter scale. This method is based on the analysis of the mass-loss rate (solid phase) and gas release (gas phase) obtained in thermogravimetric analysis coupled to FTIR gas analysis. Using a model and genetic algorithms, the kinetic parameters of the decomposition process were calculated, which allowed an accurate prediction of the mass-loss rate. Measurements of heat release rate and gas release were carried out in cone calorimeter coupled to gas analysers (small scale). This data as well as the results from the model were used as input data for the numerical simulation of fire behaviour. This study highlighted that some improvements need to be carried out to the simulation codes. Measurements of heat release rate and mass-loss rate were also performed during the fire of a simplified piece of upholstered furniture (product scale). It was pointed out that the decomposition mechanism of the foam remains unchanged independently of the scale analysed.
Thoughts Contribution of Shaykh Abdul Fattah Abu Ghuddah in Sustaining Islamic Education

Shaykh Abdul Fattah Abu Ghuddah is known as a thinker in Islamic Education. His scholarly disposition stands out from his educational background, profession and services to the community to the extent that it has attracted the interest of some Islamic scholars to undertake research on his methodology of education. That being the case, however, there are many amongst teachers of Islamic Education who do not know this personage because there are not many research about him. This article aims to highlight the contributions of Shaykh Abdul Fattah Abu Ghuddah in sustaining Islamic Education. By using documents research, data were collected from secondary sources such as academic papers and studies, books and web sites. Data collected were analyzed using qualitative contents analyses. This study summarizes Shaykh Abdul Fattah’s great contribution in sustaining Islamic Education specifically from the perspectives of thoughts, methodology, and curriculum in his efforts to convey knowledge and exposing it in the form of compositions and edited works.
Multidecadal carbon sequestration in a headwater boreal lake

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was measured continuously since 1970 in a pristine headwater boreal lake and its catchment at the IISD‐Experimental Lakes Area (Ontario, Canada). Mass balanced accounting of DOC concentrations in precipitation, watershed runoff, and inflow and outflow streams, and integrated weekly hydrological data determined annual mass flux of DOC to and from the lake. Inputs minus outputs represented two residual terms: (1) mineralization and evasion of CO2 and (2) DOC flocculation and sediment burial. Accumulation of organic carbon in sediment cores estimated permanent storage and evasion was calculated by subtraction of burial from the annual retention over 40 yr (1971–2010). Terrestrial sources accounted for 92% ± 1% of DOC load; 37% ± 2% of which was lost via the outflow. About 40% ± 3% of DOC load accumulated in sediments and 23 ± 3% was lost as CO2. Over 40 yr, C sequestration in sediments was a more important sink than evasion or outflow. We explore the fate of DOC during decade long periods of differing precipitation patterns. Loading and loss via the outflow was higher in wet (1990–2010) compared to dry (1980–1990) years. Due to longer DOC processing times when water residence times are longer, it is possible that if drought increases in the boreal forest, the efficiency of headwater lakes to sequester C in sediments maybe greater than in wet periods.
First DNA analysis of pill scarabs (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Ceratocanthinae) reveals multiple paraphyly of Afrotropical Philharmostes

This paper is the first attempt to resolve relationships among the Ceratocanthinae: Ceratocanthini pill scarab beetles using DNA sequences. It is focused on the Philharmostes group of seven Afrotropical genera: Baloghianestes (3 spp.), Callophilharmostes (1 sp.), Carinophilharmostes (1 sp.), Chaetophilharmostes (1 sp.), Cryptophilharmostes (3 spp.), Petrovitzostes (1 sp.) and Philharmostes (31 spp.). A phylogenetic analysis of 46 terminals and alignment of 2,913 bp from one mitochondrial and two nuclear fragments corroborates monophyly of this group, but rejects that of Philharmostes, the largest genus. The latter is paraphyletic with respect to at least four other smaller genera and consists of at least three distantly related clades. One of them, formed by Philharmostes ballerioi sp. n. from the Tanzanian Nguru (the type locality) and Kaguru Mountains, is sister to the rest of the entire Philharmostes group. The nominal genus Philharmostes is, therefore, a waste-basket taxon for accommodating members of this group that lack the distinct characters of the smaller genera. Pending further research, the phylogenetically inadequate generic taxonomy of the Philharmostes group is not modified. Molecular clock analysis estimates separation of the mitochondrial lineages of two known populations of the new species at about 2.2 Ma, which corresponds with recurring shrinkage and expansion of African rainforest caused by climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene. Adults of all nominal ingroup genera are illustrated along with male and female body parts of the new species. Diagnostic and/or synapomorphic morphological characters of the Philharmostes group of genera are revised. Habitus images and other supplementary information on all sequenced specimens are available online at dx.doi. org/10.5883/DS-VGDS001 and dx.doi. org/10.5883/DS-VGDS004.