Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Acceptance of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) from Industrial Applications

To limit global warming, the use of carbon capture and storage technologies (CCS) is considered to be of major importance. In addition to the technical–economic, ecological and political aspects, the question of social acceptance is a decisive factor for the implementation of such low-carbon technologies. This study is the first literature review addressing the acceptance of industrial CCS (iCCS). In contrast to electricity generation, the technical options for large-scale reduction of CO2 emissions in the energy-intensive industry sector are not sufficient to achieve the targeted GHG neutrality in the industrial sector without the use of CCS. Therefore, it will be crucial to determine which factors influence the acceptance of iCCS and how these findings can be used for policy and industry decision-making processes. The results show that there has been limited research on the acceptance of iCCS. In addition, the study highlights some important differences between the acceptance of iCCS and CCS. Due to the technical diversity of future iCCS applications, future acceptance research must be able to better address the complexity of the research subject.
Root Growth Dynamics and Structure in Seedlings of Four Shade Tolerant Mediterranean Species Grown under Moderate and Low Light

Specific functional traits such as shade tolerance or leaf habits can enhance root growth dynamics and structure of planted seedlings in the understory of planted forests. We assessed how low and moderate light levels (17 and 33% of full sunlight, mimicking after-thinning stocking) affect the root growth dynamics and structure of four late successional trees, three deciduous (Acer monspessulanum L., Quercus pyrenaica Willd and Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz) and one evergreen (Quercus ilex L.) species. Rooting depth, dynamics and structure were mainly explained by species functional differences. Roots of deciduous trees elongated faster and deeper and were larger than the roots of the evergreen Q. ilex. Among deciduous trees, S. torminalis had the lowest root growth. Specific leaf area and nutrient concentration were positively related to root growth, highlighting the importance of traits related to the plant economic spectrum, as determinants of species root growth differences. Moderate light level slightly enhanced root growth and decreased the specific leaf area (SLA). Species differences in water potential under drought were positively related to rooting depth, evidencing the importance of its role in overcoming drought stress during seedling establishment. These findings can guide the selection of late successional, shade tolerant tree species for underplanting thinned Mediterranean plantations and provide insights into their ecology.
Disrupting Aviation: An Exploratory Study of the Opportunities and Risks of Tablet Computers in Commercial Flight Operations.

Commercial flight operational safety has dramatically improved in the last 30 years because of enhanced crew coordination, communication, leadership and team development. Technology insertion into cockpit operations, however, has been shown to create crew distractions, resulting in flight safety risks, limited use given policy limitations and difficulty in establishing standard operating procedures. With the recent introduction of tablet computers into the flight cockpit as a substitute for paper-based manuals and navigation charts, the risk of human error may be increased. Though portable electronics, known as electronic flight bags, have been present of the flight deck for a decade, introduction of tablet computers as their replacements offers unique challenges, given the ability to communicate and share information outside established aviation channels. This research explored the opportunities that this technology insertion offers to commercial aviation in areas such as knowledge sharing and operational performance improvement. The results indicate that the opportunities were not realized with the initial implementation because the pilots did not accept the technology due to inadequate training coupled with restrictive policies concerning use.
Smoking and COVID-19 in ICU Patients

Background: Case studies revealed an astonishingly low number of current among patients suffering from symptomatic COVID-19 compared to general population, leading to the conclusion that smoking/nicotine uptake might have a preventive effect. Objective: This study aims to show the relation between smoking habits, present and past, and severity and outcome in COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the ICU of the University Hospital in Pristina. Methods: This paper reports the results of possible association between smoking habits and severity and outcome of COVID-19. Data on smoking habits, present and past, among 73 patients with severe COVID-19 hospitalized at ICU are analysed and presented. Results: Smokers (active and ex-smokers) in total were 16 (21.9%) cases (P<0.0001); active smokers were 5 (6.8%) cases (P<0.0001), ex-smokers 11 (15.1%) cases (P<0.0001), and non-smokers were 57 (78.1%) of the cases. From 16 cases (21.92%) identified as active smoker and ex-smoker, 8 of them ended with death, and other 8 cases survived; while 40 cases (54.79%) from the non-smoker group died, while 17 cases (23.29%) from this group survived (95% CI: 0.2881 to 1.5430, P=0.3792). Out of 5 (6.85%) cases of active smokers, 3 (4.11%) of them ended with death (95% CI: 0.1692 to 2.6846, P=0.855); while from 11 (15.07%) of ex-smokers, 5 (6.85%) died (95% CI: 0.1995 to 1.6412, P=0.3561). OR for death among smoker group of cases (active and ex-smokers) was 0.4250 (95% CI: 0.1370 to 1.3189, P=0.1386); for active smokers 0.2550 (95% CI: 0.0547 to 1.1892, p=0.0820), and 0.3542 (95% CI: 0.0950 to 1.3199, P=0.1220) for ex-smokers. Data on the influence of smoking on incidence and severity of COVID-19 ICU cases are conflicting. Conclusion: A protective effect of smoking in COVID-19 should not be inferred.
Pedagogic inclusion in professional education : challenges and possibilities

This thesis describes a qualitative, interview-based case study of the experiences of adult female learners accessing/reaccessing Higher Education following a Widening Participation (WP) route on a part-time Physiotherapy undergraduate course and an accelerated Masters course in Occupational Therapy at a single HEI. The research questioned student and staff perceptions of and attitudes to study, and to what extent the HEI had adapted its pedagogic approaches to accommodate student learning preferences. Data are drawn from discussions with sixteen participants, comprising four students and four tutors on each course. The research outcomes revealed a tension between the tutors' theoretically and ideologically driven views on teaching and learning, which included responding to diverse student needs, and the more pragmatic orientations of the students and their tutors. These were underpinned in the students' case by the financial need to gain a qualification in spite of the constraints of time and family life, and on the tutors' and institution's part by the need to attract student numbers and to meet completion targets in spite of shortages of time, staffing and space. Analysis of the responses of students and tutors draws on Bernstein's theory of recontextualisation, in which ideas such as WP undergo significant transformations first in the official policy process then when they are put into practice. The study also draws on Bernstein's account of pedagogic identities, which describe how teachers and institutions negotiate teaching and learning processes within the competing demands of market forces, mandated policy and their own local ideologies and circumstances. In its exploration of the meaning of WP and its underpinning rationales, the research suggests that the pragmatic approach of the institution has the effect of widening access in terms of course eligibility but failing to offer correspondingly inclusive pedagogies, more flexible curricula, or adequate student support services.
Soil Test Based Integrated Fertilizer Recommendation for Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in an Inceptisol of Eastern Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh

An experiment on soil test crop response (STCR) correlation studies was conducted in Inceptisols of Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh during rabi 2010–11. Using the basic data, fertilizer adjustment equations have been developed for prescribing optimum fertilizer doses to attain different yield targets. The requirement of N, P2O5 and K2O for wheat was found to be 23.2, 7.2 and 19.2 kg t−1, respectively. The per cent nutrient contributions from soil were 19.1, 31.7 and 19.8; from fertilizers 54.9, 68.5 and 73.1, and from organic manure 6.83, 4.12 and 12.1 for N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively. The fertilizer adjustment equations at varying soil test values for attaining yield target of 3.5 and 4.5 t ha−1 of wheat have been calibrated based on the targeted yield concept. The targeted yield equations and the fertilizer ready reckoners developed for wheat will be useful for large scale recommendation by the soil testing laboratory of eastern Uttar Pradesh.
Low-Cost Lithography Hotspot Detection with Active Entropy Sampling and Model Calibration

With feature size scaling and complexity increase of circuit designs, hotspot detection has become a significant challenge in the very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) industry. Traditional detection methods, such as pattern matching and machine learning, have been made a remarkable progress. However, the performance of classifiers relies heavily on reference layout libraries, leading to the high cost of lithography simulation. Querying and sampling qualified candidates from raw datasets make active learning-based strategies serve as an effective solution in this field, but existing relevant studies fail to take sufficient sampling criteria into account. In this paper, embedded in pattern sampling and hotspot detection framework, an entropy-based batch mode sampling strategy is proposed in terms of calibrated model uncertainty and data diversity to handle the hotspot detection problem. Redundant patterns can be effectively avoided, and the classifier can converge with high celerity. Experiment results show that our method outperforms previous works in both ICCAD2012 and ICCAD2016 Contest benchmarks, achieving satisfactory detection accuracy and significantly reduced lithography simulation overhead.
Pattern of Malocclusion in Patients Seeking Orthodontic Treatment at Medical Colleges & Teaching Hospitals of Chitwan, Nepal

Introduction: Various forms of malocclusion is most common dentofacial abnormality found in human population. People seek tteatment for such abnormalities based on the severity. The objective of this research is to evaluate Pattern of Malocclusion in Patients Seeking Orthodontic Treatment at Medical Colleges and Teaching Hospitals of Chitwan, Nepal. Materials & Method: Two hundred thirty nine pre-operative study casts of orthodontic patients aged from 12-50 years selected from 550 patient’s records of departments of orthodontics of Chitwan Medical Colleges and Colleges of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur of Chitwan. Standard protocol of Angle’s classification of malocclusion was used to classify malocclusion and its attributes were recorded. Pearson’s Chi square test was performed to justify the result. Result: The prevalence of malocclusion were 61.92% , 33.47% and 4.60% for Angle’s class I, Angle’s class II and Angle’s class III malocclusion respectively. Among various attributes of malocclusion, deep bite had highest frequency with 67.36% followed by overjet 58.99%, crowding 53.13% and spacing 35.98%, Anterior cross bite 11.71% reverse overjet 4.6%, posterior cross bite 1.2% and scissor bite 0.041%. Pearson Chi square test showed no relation among these attributes and sex and age at p < . 05. Conclusion: Angle’s class I malocclusion is most prevalent followed by Angle’s class II and Angle’s class III.
Leaf Apoplast of Field-Grown Potato Analyzed by Quantitative Proteomics and Activity-Based Protein Profiling

Multiple biotic and abiotic stresses challenge plants growing in agricultural fields. Most molecular studies have aimed to understand plant responses to challenges under controlled conditions. However, studies on field-grown plants are scarce, limiting application of the findings in agricultural conditions. In this study, we investigated the composition of apoplastic proteomes of potato cultivar Bintje grown under field conditions, i.e., two field sites in June–August across two years and fungicide treated and untreated, using quantitative proteomics, as well as its activity using activity-based protein profiling (ABPP). Samples were clustered and some proteins showed significant intensity and activity differences, based on their field site and sampling time (June–August), indicating differential regulation of certain proteins in response to environmental or developmental factors. Peroxidases, class II chitinases, pectinesterases, and osmotins were among the proteins more abundant later in the growing season (July–August) as compared to early in the season (June). We did not detect significant differences between fungicide Shirlan treated and untreated field samples in two growing seasons. Using ABPP, we showed differential activity of serine hydrolases and β-glycosidases under greenhouse and field conditions and across a growing season. Furthermore, the activity of serine hydrolases and β-glycosidases, including proteins related to biotic stress tolerance, decreased as the season progressed. The generated proteomics data would facilitate further studies aiming at understanding mechanisms of molecular plant physiology in agricultural fields and help applying effective strategies to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses.
Analytical and Numerical Investigation of an Electrochemical Chloride Barrier for Reinforced Concrete Structures

During the development of a carbon-reinforced mortar interlayer for bridges, the idea of an electrochemical chloride barrier arose. An electrical field is generated between two carbon meshes, and the negatively charged chloride ions are held on the polarized upper carbon mesh to prevent chloride-induced corrosion in the reinforcement. Laboratory tests unexpectedly showed that higher voltages lead to an increase in chloride ions for certain depths of the reference probes. This paper discusses the implementation of analytical and numerical models that finally explain the effect only by the acting diffusion and migration with the help of a finite differences model and finite elements simulations. The effect of the local minimum is limited to positions above the depth of the first carbon layer of the test specimens. It is caused by the lines of the electrical field between the first and second carbon layer. According to the experimental and finite elements simulation results, higher voltages lead to lower chloride concentrations for all positions below the first carbon layer only after sufficient time duration. Therefore, the intended effect of an electrochemical chloride barrier can in general only be observed and confirmed after a certain time depending on position, conditions and parameters.
Heparin and Derivatives for Advanced Cell Therapies

Heparin and its derivatives are saving thousands of human lives annually, by successfully preventing and treating thromboembolic events. Although the mode of action during anticoagulation is well studied, their influence on cell behavior is not fully understood as is the risk of bleeding and other side effects. New applications in regenerative medicine have evolved supporting production of cell-based therapeutics or as a substrate for creating functionalized matrices in biotechnology. The currently resurgent interest in heparins is related to the expected combined anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-viral action against COVID-19. Based on a concise summary of key biochemical and clinical data, this review summarizes the impact for manufacturing and application of cell therapeutics and highlights the need for discriminating the different heparins.
Comparison of four methods of colon cancer cell lysates preparation for ex vivo maturation of dendritic cells

Background and purpose: One of the most effective methods for the development of dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer immunotherapy is ex vivo pulsing of DCs with tumor cell lysates (TCLs). However, antitumor immune responses of DCs are significantly influenced by how TCLs were prepared. Here, we compared four strategies of TCL preparation derived from colon cancer cells, HT-29, for ex vivo maturation of DCs. Experimental approach: Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from healthy volunteers and incubated with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-4 to differentiate into DCs in 10 days. Morphological properties, phenotype characteristics (i.e. CD83 and CD86), and cytokine production (i.e. IL-10 and interferon gamma) of DCs loaded with four different TCLs (i.e. freeze-thaw, hypochlorous acid (HOCl), hyperthermia, and UV irradiation) were evaluated. Findings/Results: HOCl preparations led to the generation of DCs with higher surface expression of maturation biomarkers (particularly CD83), while UV preparations resulted in DCs with lower levels of surface biomarkers compared to freeze-thawed preparations. The supernatant of DCs pulsed with HOCl preparation showed significantly higher levels of interferon gamma and lower levels of IL-10 compared with the other groups. Conclusion and implications: Our results suggest that pulsing DCs with HOCl preparation may be superior to other TCLs preparation strategies, possibly due to induction of rapid necrotic cell death.
Fortifying RTL Locking Against Oracle-Less (Untrusted Foundry) and Oracle-Guided Attacks

Logic locking protects integrated circuits (IC) against intellectual property (IP) theft, IC overbuilding, and hardware Trojan insertion. Prior locking schemes operate after logic synthesis and cannot protect the semantic information embedded into the logic. Register-transfer level (RTL) locking can protect the sensitive IP semantics and are EDA tool-chain agnostic, allowing seamless integration into arbitrary design flows. State-of-the-art RTL locking protects against the untrusted foundry assuming no access to working chip (oracle). However, it does not protect against oracle-based attacks. In this work, we propose to fortify RTL locking to protect against all untrusted entities in the supply chain, including foundry for oracle-less attacks, and test facility and end users for oracle-guided attacks.
Large-eddy simulation for acoustics

Preface Part I. Introduction: 1. The importance of acoustic research Thomas Huettl 2. Introduction to computational aeroacoustics Manuel Kessler 3. State of the art: LES for acoustics Claus Wagner, Oliver Fleig and Thomas Huettl Part II. Theoretical Background: Aeroacoustics Avraham Hirschberg and Sjoerd Rienstra Part III. Theoretical Background: Large-Eddy Simulation Pierre Sagaut Part IV. Use of Hybrid RANS/LES for Acoustic-Source Predictions Paul Batten, Philippe Spalart and Marc Terracol Part V. Numerical Methods: 4. Spatial and temporal discretization schemes Tim Broeckhoven, Jan Ramboer, Sergey Smirnov and Chris Lacor 5. Boundary conditions for LES Michael Breuer 6. Boundary conditions: acoustics Fang Q. Hu 7. Some concepts of LES-CAA coupling Wolfgang Schroder and Roland Ewert Part VI. Applications and Results of Large-Eddy Simulations for Acoustics: 8. Plane and axisymmetric mixing layers Christophe Bogey and Christophe Bailly 9. Far-field jet acoustics Daniel J. Bodony and Sanjiva K. Lele 10. Cavity noise Xavier Gloerfelt, Christophe Bogey and Christophe Bailly 11. Aero-elastic noise Sandrine Vergne, Jean-Marc Auger, Fred Perie, Andre Jacques and Dimitri Nicolopoulos 12. Trailing edge noise Roland Ewert and Eric Manoha 13. Blunt bodies (cylinder, cars) Franco Magagnato 14. Internal flows Philippe Lafon, Fabien Crouzet and Jean Paul Devos 15. Industrial aeroacoustics analyses Fred Mendonca Part VII. Conclusions Claus Wagner, Pierre Sagaut and Thomas Huettl.
Order fulfillment in online retailing : what goes where

We present three problems motivated by order fulfillment in online retailing. First, we focus on one warehouse or fulfillment center. To optimize the storage space and labor, an e-tailer splits the warehouse into two regions with different storage densities. One is for picking customer orders and the other to hold a reserve stock that replenishes the picking area. Consequently, the warehouse is a two-stage serial system. We investigate an inventory system where demand is stochastic by minimizing the total expected inventoryrelated costs subject to a space constraint. We develop an approximate model for a periodic review, nested ordering policy. Furthermore, we extend the formulation to account for shipping delays and advance order information. We report on tests of the model with data from a major e-tailer. Second, we focus on the entire network of warehouses and customers. When a customer order occurs, the e-tailer assigns the order to one or more of its warehouses and/or dropshippers, so as to minimize procurement and transportation costs, based on the available current information. However, this assignment is necessarily myopic as it cannot account for any subsequent customer orders or future inventory replenishments. We examine the benefits from periodically re-evaluating these real-time assignments. We construct nearoptimal heuristics for the re-assignment for a large set of customer orders by minimizing the total number of shipments. Finally, we present saving opportunities by testing the heuristics on order data from a major e-tailer. Third, we focus on the inventory allocation among warehouses for low-demand SKUs. A large e-tailer strategically stocks inventory for SKUs with low demand. The motivations are to provide a wide range of selections and faster customer fulfillment service. We assume the e-tailer has the technological capability to manage and control the inventory globally: all warehouses act as one to serve the global demand simultaneously. The e-tailer will utilize its entire inventory, regardless of location, to serve demand. Given we stock certain units of system inventory, we allocate inventory to warehouses by minimizing outbound transportation costs. We analyze a few simple cases and present a methodology for more general problems. Thesis Supervisor: Stephen C. Graves Title: Abraham J. Siegel Professor of Management Science & Engineering Systems
The role of innovative ideas in business sustainability: Evidence from textile industry

The objective of the current study was to examine the role of innovative ideas in business sustainability. The mediating role of innovative process, innovative production and innovative supply chain was also examined. Therefore, the relationship between innovative ideas, innovative process, innovative production, innovative supply chain and business sustainability was examined. Data was collected from the employees of textile companies. As the Indonesian textile companies were under investigation in the current study. Data was collected from Indonesian textile company employees. 300 questionnaires were sent to the textile companies with the help of email. Hence, email surveys were preferred with the help of questionnaires. Results of the study highlights that the innovative ideas had a major role in business sustainability. Introduction of new ideas inside the boundaries of the organization expedites the business sustainability. Additionally, innovative ideas have a positive effect on innovative production and innovative supply chains. Moreover, innovative production and innovative supply chain have a positive effect on business sustainability. Therefore, innovative ideas increase the innovative production and supply chain which further shows a positive effect on business sustainability.