Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dideoxynucleoside Resistance Emerges with Prolonged Zidovudine Monotherapy

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates resistant to zidovudine (ZDV) have previously been demonstrated to exhibit in vitro cross-resistance to other similar dideoxynucleoside agents which contain a 3'-azido group. However, cross-resistance to didanosine (ddl) or dideoxycytidine (ddC) has been less well documented. ZDV, ddl, and ddC susceptibility data have been collected from clinical HIV-1 isolates obtained by five clinical centers and their respective retrovirology laboratories. All subjects were treated only with ZDV. Clinical HIV-1 isolates were isolated, amplified, and assayed for drug susceptibility in standardized cultures of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from healthy seroneg-ative donors. All five cohorts showed a correlation between decreased in vitro susceptibility to ZDV and decreased susceptibility to ddl and ddC. For each 10-fold decrease in ZDV susceptibility, an average corresponding decrease of 2.2-fold in ddI susceptibility was observed (129 isolates studied; P < 0.001, Fisher's test of combined significance). Similarly, susceptibility to ddC decreased 2.0-fold for each 10-fold decrease in ZDV susceptibility (82 isolates studied; P < 0.001, Fisher's test of combined significance). These data indicate that a correlation exists between HIV-1 susceptibilities to ZDV and ddI or ddC for clinical HIV-1 isolates.
Interacción Humano-Animal y Prácticas de Manejo Bovino en Subastas Colombianas

The objective of the study was to evaluate the human-animal interaction (HAI) and the handling practices at a livestock market in Medellin, Colombia. Data was collected at four livestock auctions in June 2014. A total of 720 bovines were distributed into 241 and 28 groups during the weighing and driving to the corral respectively. Findings during the veterinary inspection, as well as tactile, auditory and visual interactions of cattle handlers and behavioral responses of cattle were evaluated. In the veterinary inspection, 19.5% of the groups were observed, especially due to open wounds (38.3%). In the weighing area, there were 824 interactions, predominantly visual (44.1%) and then tactile (30.1%) and auditory (25.8%); however, 73.0, 66.4 and 88.4% of the animals had no behavioral response to visual, tactile and auditory interactions, respectively. Twenty-four interactions were recorded during driving to corrals, with tactile predominance (42.5%) over auditory (30.8%) and visual (26.6%); however, most of the groups presented only behavioral response to tactile interactions (68%). Positive handling interactions such as whistling, waving the instrument, and raising hands generated few behavioral responses and quieter animal handling. On the other hand, hitting, punching, and screaming provoked greater reactivity and agonistic behaviors in the animals.
Secondary Degeneration Detected by Combining VBM and TBSS in Subcortical Strokes with Different Outcomes in Hand Function

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Secondary degeneration of the pyramidal tract after focal motor pathway stroke has been observed by diffusion tensor imaging. However, the relationships between outcomes in hand function and secondary degeneration in widespread regions are not well understood. For the ﬁrst time, we investigated the differences of secondary degeneration across the whole brain between subgroups of patients with stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected 23 patients who had a subcortical stroke in the left motor pathway and displayed only motor deﬁcits. The patients were divided into 2 subgroups: CPH (11 patients) and PPH (12 patients). Twelve healthy controls matched for age and handednesswerealsorecruited.WeusedbothoptimizedVBMandTBSStoexploredifferencesofFAacrossthewholebrainbetweenCPH and PPH. Furthermore, ROI analysis was carried out in the identiﬁed regions detected by VBM analysis to further quantify the degree of secondary degeneration in the CPH and PPH and compare these with healthy controls. RESULTS: Compared with PPH, FA was signiﬁcantly decreased in the CPH in widespread regions of the motor system remote from the primary lesion, including the ipsilesional brain stem, medial frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, supplementary motor area, and contralesional postcentral gyrus. In addition, FA within these identiﬁed regions correlated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores (hand (cid:1) wrist). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a potential biomarker for outcome differences in hand function after subcortical stroke.
Can Twitter Sentiment Gives the Weather of the Financial Markets?

: Finance 3.0 is still in its infancy. Yet big data represents an unprecedented opportunity for finance. The massive increase in the volume of data generated by individuals every day on the Internet offers researchers the opportunity to approach the question of financial market predictability from a new perspective. In this article, we study the relationship between a well-known Twitter micro-blogging platform and the Tunisian financial market. In particular, we consider, over a 12-month period, Twitter volume and sentiment across the 22 stock companies that make up the Tunindex index. We find a relatively weak Pearson correlation and Granger causality between the corresponding time series over the entire period.
Molecular characterization and expression analysis of pitaya ( Hylocereus polyrhizus ) Hp LRR genes in response to Neoscytalidium dimidiatum infection

Background: Canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is a devastating disease resulting in a major loss to the pitaya industry. However, resistance proteins in plants play crucial roles to against pathogen infection. Among resistance proteins, the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein is a major family that plays crucial roles in plant growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses, especially in disease defense. Results: In the present study, a transcriptomics analysis identified a total of 272 LRR genes, 233 of which had coding sequences (CDSs), in the plant pitaya ( Hylocereus polyrhizus ) in response to fungal Neoscytalidium dimidiatum infection. These genes were divided into various subgroups based on specific domains and phylogenetic analysis. Molecular characterization, functional annotation of proteins, and an expression analysis of the LRR genes were conducted. Additionally, four LRR genes (CL445.Contig4_All, Unigene28_All, CL28.Contig2_All, and Unigene2712_All, which were selected because they had the four longest CDSs were further assessed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) at different fungal infection stages in different pitaya species ( Hylocereus polyrhizus and Hylocereus undatus ), in different pitaya tissues, and after treatment with salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and abscisic acid (ABA) hormones. The associated protein functions and roles in signaling pathways were identified. Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the Hp LRR family genes at transcriptional level in pitaya in response to N. dimidiatum infection, it will be helpful to understand the molecular mechanism of pitaya canker disease, and lay a strong foundation for further research. a CC-NBS-LRR Protein Conferring
Ohio Technology Education Status Study (Fundamental)

Currently, technology education continues to be considered an elective area in most states, with the process of writing and approving these state standards challenging. The inclusion of technology education into STEM education has made it even more critical now to assess the current status of technology and engineering education curriculum, implementation, and inclusion of minority populations. This quantitative research revisits a national 2001 status study describing technology education programs. Using stratified random sampling of high school technology programs in Ohio, the online survey reassesses enrollment numbers of instructors and students. Analysis of 93 participating teachers or program directors shows that 20% of the schools lack technology education related coursework. Current programs are identified as Technology Education, Technology and Engineering Education, Engineering Education, and Industrial Technology, with 35% of the programs having a different title. The number of female faculty for schools with technology programs remains low, with over 40% having no females, and over 25% having only one female member. Additional findings reveal patterns towards program content, overall purpose, and inclusion of minorities. This research will inform future studies focused on recruitment and retention of minority students and teachers in technology education.
E-HRM effectiveness in a Dutch ministry: results of survey and discursive exploration combined

E-HRM is coming to a more full-grown stage within organisational life. Much is assumed and expressed about the advantages of e-HRM, however scientific proof of these advantages is scarce. No clarity exists about the answer to the question whether e-HRM contributes to HRM effectiveness. In this paper we present results from the first quantitative study on the contribution of e-HRM to HRM effectiveness. The data is collected in a Dutch ministry. Results show that actual use of the e-HRM application correlates with HR effectiveness, especially the content and design (= quality of the e-HRM application). Regression analysis confirms that the experienced quality of the e-HRM application is the only significant explanatory factor of technical and strategic HR effectiveness. In the final section of the paper conclusions are drawn, limitations discussed and future research directions raised.
PRBM_A_299720 511..527

Faculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland Introduction: The research presents empirical data concerning the relations between personal traits and value system. The study focuses on empathy, agreeableness, directiveness, Machiavellism as personality traits. Theoretical assumptions and empirical findings are analyzed and interpreted in the context of cognitive framework, including the idea of regulative function self-concept. A content compatibility hypothesis between personality traits and one’s system of value was accepted as preliminary assumption for this research: empathy and agreeableness positively correlate with allocentric values, whereas directiveness and Machiavellism positively correlate with idiocentric values. The study group consisted of 325 students. Methods: The Empathic Understanding of Others Questionnaire (Węgliński), Personality Inventory NEO-FFI (Costa and McCrae) Directiveness Scale (Ray) and Mach V Scale (Christie and Geis) were used. Results: The value system of empathic and agreeable people reveals an allocentric orientation (tendency to abandon one’s own perspective), while the value system of directive and Machiavellian people reveals an idiocentric orientation (focused on oneself). Discussion: The data analysis revealed that subjects tend to organize their self-knowledge in such a way that there is a content consistency between the information included in the appropriate schemas of personality traits and value preference.
A Straightforward, One-Step Synthesis of Alkyl Thiol Capped Silver Nanoparticles Master of Science

Classical nucleation theory and Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, Overbeek (DLVO) theory for colloidal stability were applied to gain insight into the synthesis of dodecanethiol (DDT)-functionalized silver nanoparticles (NPs) by reduction of silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in ethanol. This analysis indicated the importance of quickly establishing a dense DDT ligand brush on inherently unstable primary particles to achieve colloidal stability. The DLVO calculations also indicated that the electrostatic potential was a minor contributor to repulsive interactions, signifying that it would be possible to control NP size and uniformity in solutions with high ionic strength, as long as sufficient DDT was available to form a densely packed ligand layer on the NPs. These insights were applied to design a new straightforward, one-step, one-phase synthesis for the production of alkyl thiol-functionalized silver NPs. To test the insights from DLVO theory, a battery of 16 samples were synthesized in the parameter space R=3-12, S=1-12 where R=[NaBH4]/[AgNO3], S=[DDT]/[AgNO3], and [AgNO3]=10mM. In general, samples with R=3 or S=1 were polydisperse, however, samples in the R=6-12 and S=3-12 range had uniform particle sizes with average diameters between 3.5-4.7 nm. Additionally, samples with R=72-108 and S=12 were synthesized to test particle stability at high ionic strength; again uniform NPs with average diameters from 3.5-3.8 nm were produced. Ultimately, the insights gained from DLVO theory successfully guided the development of a one-step, one-phase technique for the synthesis of uniform, spherical alkyl thiol-functionalized silver NPs. In future work, this technique will be extended to facilitate the grafting of polymers from phase-separated ligand domains on NP surfaces.
A 7T Security Oriented SRAM Bitcell

Power analysis (PA) attacks have become a serious threat to security systems by enabling secret data extraction through the analysis of the current consumed by the power supply of the system. Embedded memories, often implemented with six-transistor static random access memory (SRAM) cells, serve as a key component in many of these systems. However, conventional SRAM cells are prone to side-channel PA attacks due to the correlation between their current characteristics and written data. To provide resiliency to these types of attacks, we propose a security-oriented 7T SRAM cell, which incorporates an additional transistor to the original 6T SRAM implementation and a two-phase write operation, which significantly reduces the correlation between the stored data and the power consumption during write operations. The proposed 7T SRAM cell was implemented in a 28 nm technology and demonstrates over $1000 {\times }$ lower write energy standard deviation between write “1” and “0” operations compared to a conventional 6T SRAM. In addition, the proposed cell has a 39%–53% write energy reduction and a 19%–38% reduced write delay compared to other PA resistant SRAM cells.
Title: Does testosterone impair men’s cognitive empathy? Evidence from two large-scale randomized controlled trials Short title/running head: Does testosterone impair men’s cognitive empathy?

The capacity to infer the mental states of others (known as “cognitive empathy”) is essential for social interactions, and a well-known theory proposes that it is negatively affected by intrauterine testosterone exposure. Furthermore, previous studies reported that testosterone administration impaired cognitive empathy in healthy adults, and that a biomarker of prenatal testosterone exposure (finger digit ratios) moderated the effect. However, empirical support for the relationship has relied on small-sample studies with mixed evidence. We investigate the reliability and generalizability of the relationship in two large-scale double-blind placebo-controlled experiments in young men ( N =243 and N =400), using two different testosterone administration protocols. We find no evidence that cognitive empathy is impaired by testosterone administration or associated with digit ratios. With an unprecedented combined sample size, these results counter current theories and previous high-profile reports, and demonstrate that previous investigations of this topic have been statistically underpowered.
Mechanism of Stx17 recruitment to autophagosomes via IRGM and mammalian Atg8 proteins

mammalian or progress to other structures Autophagy is a conserved eukaryotic process with metabolic, immune, and general homeostatic functions in mammalian cells. Mammalian autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes in a SNA RE-driven process that includes syntaxin 17 (Stx17). How Stx17 translocates to autophagosomes is unknown. In this study, we show that the mechanism of Stx17 recruitment to autophagosomes in human cells entails the small guanosine triphosphatase IRGM. Stx17 directly interacts with IRGM, and efficient Stx17 recruitment to autophagosomes requires IRGM. Both IRGM and Stx17 directly interact with mammalian Atg8 proteins, thus being guided to autophagosomes. We also show that Stx17 is significant in defense against infectious agents and that Stx17–IRGM interaction is targeted by an HIV virulence factor Nef.
Mapping Nursing Pathways: A Diverse Modified Delphi Approach

Articulated education pathways between the vocational education training sector and universities provide opportunities for students wishing to progress to higher qualifications. Enrolled nurses seeking to advance their career in nursing can choose to enter baccalaureate degree programs through such alternative entry routes. Awarding of credit for prior studies is dependent on accurate assessment of the existing qualification against that which is sought. This study employed a modified Delphi method to inform the development of an evidence-based, structured approach to mapping the pathway from the nationally consistent training package of the Diploma of Nursing to the diversity of baccalaureate nursing programs across Australia. The findings of this study reflect the practical nature of the role of the enrolled nurse, particularly the greater emphasis placed on direct care activities as opposed to those related to professional development and the generation and use of evidence. These findings provide a valuable summative overview of the relationship between the Diploma of Nursing and the expectations of the registered nurse role.
Attenuation of the onset and progression of age-related vision impairments by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation by micronutrients

The major eye diseases refractive error, cataract, age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy can lead to blindness without an early intervention. The treatments include eye glasses for refractive error, surgery for cataract, and medications for glaucoma and ARMD. These therapies do not address oxidative stress and inflammation that contribute to these eye diseases. Therefore, supplementation with antioxidants could be useful. However, administration with single or multiple dietary antioxidants with or without carotenoids (zeaxanthin and lutein), and omega-3-fatty acids, produced no benefits or only modest benefits in certain eye diseases. The problems associated with such antioxidant’s approaches were identified, and potential causes for not producing optimal benefits were presented. The major objectives are to show that enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to the age-related major eye diseases. This review presents rationales for using a comprehensive mixture of micronutrients containing dietary and endogenous antioxidants, vitamin D3, and carotenoids such as lutein, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, all B-vitamins, and minerals Zn and Se for simultaneously reducing oxidative and inflammatory damage. Since elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are found in the wet ARMD and diabetic retinopathy, this mixture has ingredients, which reduce VEGF levels. Supplementation with this micronutrient mixture may delay the onset and progression of major eye diseases, and may improve the effectiveness of standard therapy.
Identi cation of an Immune Gene-Associated Prognostic Signature and its Association with A Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Patients

Xiaoqing Guan Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhi-Yuan Xu Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Runzhe Chen The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Jiangjiang Qin (  jqin@zcmu.edu.cn ) Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-00028559-616X Xiang-Dong Cheng Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
ACCEPTED AUTHOR VERSION OF THE MANUSCRIPT: Noninvasive indicators associated with subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows

The aim of the study was to characterize the interrelationship between decreased ruminal fluid pH during subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and concentrations of principal constituents of milk and biochemical indices associated with nitrogen utilizations such as rumen ammonia nitrogen (RAN), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN). Ruminal fluid samples were obtained by rumenocentesis from 305 cows representing 13 dairy herds. The cows were divided according to ruminal fluid pH into three groups: low, moderate, and high rumen pH cows. The herds were divided into three groups on the basis of the percentages of cows with an assigned value of ruminal fluid pH: SARA-positive, SARA-risk and SARA-negative. SARA-positive herds were characterized by higher concentrations of RAN (12.6 vs. 6.9 mg/dL), BUN (16.2 vs. 10.1 mg/dL) and MUN (12.4 vs. 9.1 mg/dL) compared to SARA-negative herds. Similarly, low-rumen pH cows had greater concentrations of RAN, BUN and MUN than high-rumen pH cows (11.9 vs. 5.8 mg/dL, 19.9 vs. 14.1 mg/dL, and 12.3 vs. 9.5 mg/dL, respectively). Moreover, SARA-positive herds and low-rumen pH cows had the highest lactose and the lowest fat concentrations in milk. The study demonstrated that the concentration of milk urea nitrogen could be considered one of the indirect and non-invasive indicators of the occurrence of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds.
University of Birmingham Diurnal patterns of sedentary time in rheumatoid arthritis

Objectives Research demonstrates that sedentary behaviour may contribute towards cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study explored diurnal patterns of sedentary time and physical activity (PA) in RA and examined associations with long-term CVD risk. Methods 97 RA patients wore an accelerometer for 7 days to assess sedentary time, light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA. Estimated 10-year CVD risk was determined via QRISK score. Hourly estimates of sedentary time and PA (min/hour) were computed for valid-wear hours (ie, valid-wear = 60 min/hour of activity data, ≥ 3 days). Hourly data were averaged across time periods to represent morning (08:00 – 11:59), afternoon (12:00 – 17:59) and evening (18:00 – 22:59) behaviour. Participants providing data for ≥ 2 complete time periods/day (eg, morning/ evening, or morning/afternoon) were used in the main analysis (n = 41). Mixed linear modelling explored the associations between 10-year CVD risk and within-person (time: morning, afternoon, evening) changes in sedentary time and PA. Results Sedentary time was higher, and light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA lower in the evening, compared to morning and afternoon. Significant interactions revealed individuals with higher CVD risk were more sedentary and did less light-intensity PA during the afternoon and evening. Findings remained significant after adjustment for disease duration, functional ability and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Conclusion Results suggest that the evening time period may offer a significant window of opportunity for interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour in RA and contribute to associated improvements in CVD risk. Due to inverse patterns of engagement, replacing sedentary time with light-intensity PA may offer an effective approach for intervention. methods (non-wear criteria and acceler- ometer cut-points) were selected to facilitate comparisons with the majority of previous RA accelerometer studies and epidemiological research in non- RA populations, in which these criteria have been applied.