Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Marginal Designs on Fracture Strength of High Translucency Monolithic Zirconia Crowns

Introduction Monolithic zirconia is able to achieve certain aesthetic, but its durability in resisting fracture has been questioned, as fractures often originate from margins of restoration. This study determined fracture resistance of highly translucent monolithic zirconia crowns with different margin designs in terms of marginal thickness and collar height. Materials and Methods Zirconia blanks (Ceramill® Zolid HT+) were selected for the fabrication of zirconia crowns according to different designs, including varying margin thicknesses (light chamfer, CL; heavy chamfer, CH) and collar heights (no collar, NC; low collar, LC; high collar, HC), which resulted in CLNC, CLLC, CLHC, CHNC, CHLC, and CHHC groups (15 crowns each). The crowns were seated on a metal die and loaded vertically through round end punch (θ = 10 mm), contacting with inclined planes of cusp in a testing machine with crosshead speed of 0.2 mm/min until fracture. Videos with a rate of 50 frames/second were used to record fracture. Fracture load (N) and durable period (s) were compared for significant differences using ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). Results The mean ± sd of fracture load (N) and durable time (s) were 3211 ± 778 and 212 ± 47 for CLNC; 3041 ± 1370 and 188 ± 53 for CLLC; 2913 ± 828 and 192 ± 27 for CLHC; 4226 ± 905 and 245 ± 35 for CHNC; 4486 ± 807 and 228 ± 29 for CHLC; and 4376 ± 1043 and 227 ± 37 for CHHC. This indicated that marginal thickness had a significant influence on load-bearing capacity and durable time (p < 0.05). No significant impact of collar height was shown, either on load-bearing capacity or durable time (p > 0.05). No interaction between two factors was presented (p > 0.05). Conclusions Heavy chamfer margin provided stronger zirconia crown than light chamfer, but both were capable of withstanding fracture load higher than maximum masticatory force. Neither presence nor absence of collar indicated any impact on strength. Fabrication of zirconia crowns with either heavy or light chamfer margin and either presence or absence of collar, with the consideration of emergence profile, should be considered.
Effects of Different Rates of Poultry Manure and Split Applications of Urea Fertilizer on Soil Chemical Properties, Growth, and Yield of Maize

During integrated nutrient management involving poultry manure (PM) and urea fertilizer (UF) for maize (Zea mays L.), it is necessary to investigate the best time to apply UF that will optimize soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize. Hence, studies were carried out to investigate the effect of different rates of PM and single and split applications (SA) of UF on soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize. The treatment involved three levels of PM (0.0, 4.0, and 8.0 t·ha−1) and four sets of periods of UF: (i) 0 kg N ha−1 (control), (ii) 120 kg N ha−1 applied at planting (AP), (iii) two SA of 120 kg N ha−1 (90 kg N ha−1 applied AP + 30 kg N ha−1 at thirty days after planting (DAP)), and (iv) three SA of 120 kg N ha−1 (60 kg N ha−1 applied AP + 30 kg N ha−1 thirty DAP + 30 kg N ha−1 at tasseling). The 12 treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. PM and UF alone and integrating UF with PM improved soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize compared with the control. SA of UF three times (60 + 30 + 30) had the most improved soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize. Results also showed that maize yielded higher under UF integrated with PM compared with their sole forms. Application of 60 + 30+30 with 8 t ha−1PM (60 + 30+30 + 8 t ha−1PM) or with 4 t ha−1PM treatments showed the highest growth and yield of maize, but due to the bulkiness, handling challenges, and cost of PM, 60 + 30+30 + 4 t ha−1PM is recommended. Therefore, for better growth and yield of maize, after the initial application of PM, UF application should be split-applied in accordance with plant growth and the pattern of uptake to avoid losses by leaching and therefore ensured that N level in the soil is high at the critical stage of N demand.
Goal-setting, Collectivism, Task Orientation and Performance: predictors and mediators

The Goal-setting theory has been widely investigated in research literature, but its association and mediation with psychological Collectivism and Task Orientation at Performance level has remained unexplored. This study discusses the importance of the association and mediation of psychological Collectivismand Task Orientationwith Goal-setting on Performance. Thesemeasures were applied to handball teams from Angola, Brazil and Portugal. Our findings indicate that “Preference” and “Goal Priority” from psychologicalCollectivism in association with Goal-setting would contribute to higher Performance.We also supported the importance of Task Orientation to Performance. However, the specific mediation effect of psychological Collectivism in Goalsetting was not found and a non-significant mediation effect of Task Orientation was found.This study highlights the contribution of psychological Collectivism and Task Orientation for Goal-setting achievement. Further, the mediation of Collectivism or Task Orientation by itself in Goal-setting doesn’t improve outcomes. Our theoretical contribution will generate new lines of research in the field.
Investigating the Host Community Support for Rural Tourism Development (Case Study: Central District of Firoozabad County)

Purpose- This survey research was conducted with the aim of assessing the rural residents' support for tourism development and their effective factors in the tourism target villages in the Central District of Firoozabad County. Design/methodology/approach- The statistical population of this study was resident household heads. Using Bartlett Table, 155 households were studied by simple random sampling method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire which its validity and reliability were confirmed. Findings- Based on the findings, the residents were categorized into two groups of committed supporters and passive supporters according to their support for tourism. The results of the logistic regression model showed that the perception of social, economic and environmental impacts is directly (positively) significantly predictive of the residents' support for tourism development. The highest coefficient of the logistic regression model was related to the perception of social impacts (with a coefficient of 10.661) as compared to the economic impacts (with a coefficient of 8.659) and the environmental (with a coefficient of 7.683). In addition, in 95.5% of the cases, the function can correctly measure levels of support for rural tourism. The accuracy of the model was also confirmed through the ROC curve. Research limitations/implications- Difficulties in completing the questionnaires due to the number of the tourist arrivals and people's occupations, the reluctance of some households to respond because of the distrust resulting from the location of the village in the palace privacy, and the problems encountered in this regard, which were resolved by the researchers' frequent visits to the area and acquiring the villagers' trust. Practical implications- In addition to improving the resident's perceptions of environmental impacts, further attention must be paid to improving the residents' perceptions of economic and social impacts. Originality/value- The development of tourism industry is heavily dependent on the participation and support of local residents. Improving the residents' perceptions of the impacts of tourism will lead to more residents' support for the industry, thereby, be paid more by tourists in the area, and recommend destinations to others and their desire to return to the area.
Analysis of Public Expenditure Growth on Infrastructure in Lesotho

This study expanded the line of research in evaluating the effect of factors related to the growth of government expenditure on infrastructure with the use of the Engle and Granger (1987) approach using annual time series data from 1980 to 2014 in Lesotho. This approach provides a direct test of the economic theory and enables utilization of the estimated long-run parameters into the estimation of the short-run disequilibrium relation. The residual test showed that there is a stable long-run relationship among the variables. The government revenue, grants and loans play a significant role in determining growth of government spending in Lesotho. There is no evidence of association between growth of government spending on infrastructure and external reserves both in the long –run and short-run. The absence of this trade off can lead to accumulation of reserves above the optimal level. An increase in the allocation of government resources to capital expenditure will boost the country’s economic growth and development.
Development of an Investability Prospect Score in Indonesia: Early Stage Digital Startup

Deny Rahardjoa, Sugiartob, Gracia Shinta S. Ugutc, Edison Hulud, aDoctoral Program, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia, bFaculty member of Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Indonesia, cDean of Business School, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia, dLecturer, Graduate School, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia. Email: aDR70020@student.uph.edu, bProf.sugiarto@gmail.com, cgracia.ugut@uph.edu, dedison.hulu@lecturer.uph.edu
Antibacterial Activity of Folium Nerviliae in Vitro

Objective: To study The inhibitory effect of Folium Nerviliae water extract, Alcohol extract, Hydroalcoholic extract to the 6 kinds of bacterial: Staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella typhosa, pseudomonas aeruginosa and aspergillus niger. Methods: Three kinds of Folium Nerviliae extract were prepared, two times dilution method was used for determinating MIC of three kinds of extract to 6 kinds of bacterial. Results: Folium Nerviliae Water extract showed strong antibacterial activity to salmonella typhosa(MIC was 12.5%),showed weak antibacterial activity to staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and aspergillus niger(MIC was 50%), alcohol extract showed strong antibacterial activity to salmonella typhosa and pseudomonas aeruginosa(MIC was 6.25%), showed relative strong antibacterial activity to staphylococcus aureus(MIC was 12.5%), showed weak antibacterial activity to escherichia coli(MIC was 50%), water-alcohol extract's antibacterial activity was similar to alcohol extract. Conclusion: Folium Nerviliae shows different degrees of inhibitory activity to 6 strins.
High Order Direct Numerical Simulation of a 30P30N Three-Element High Lift Airfoil

The purpose of a multi-element airfoil is to significantly increase lift while controlling the stall limit. Though the airflow around a multi-element airfoil at high Reynolds number (O (10)) is well understood from experimental and Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and hybrid turbulence model numerical investigations, this is not the case for low Reynolds number flows (O (10)). In this paper, we numerically investigate this airflow over a threeelement high lift 30P30N airfoil to study the complex physics in the slat cove region. The targeted Reynolds numbers based on the stowed chord length are 5000 and 8320. The twodimensional Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) is carried out using an open source solver NEK5000 [1] that is based on a high order spectral element method for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. For validation of results, comparison with experimental particle image velocimetry results of Wang et al [2],[3] will be performed.
Conceptualising the Issues of Translation Culture in China: The Roles of Domestication, and Foreignization

Cultural differences while translating can be ensured using foreignization, and domestication strategies. Transparent, and fluent styles are usually adopted in a domestication translation to reduce the strange words for target readers. Foreignization strategies mostly focus on the target text, which is designed to break target conventions, and at the same time, it retains some of the foreign flavours. This paper aims to explore the relationship, and implications of foreignization, and domestication in translation. The paper outlines brief concepts of domestication, and foreignization, and their related issues. It further concludes that when translation culture is dominated by domestication, cultural peculiarity will be reduced significantly. On the other hand, the mechanical translation will enhance if it is travelling towards the direction of foreignization. It is further noted that legitimate obligations are not required for foreignization or domestication while translating, as long as the practicality of translation is present.
The Employability Skills of Teacher Education Graduates of the Kalinga-Apayao State College

The very competitive job market led the researcher to look into the employability skills of the Teacher Education graduates of the Kalinga-Apayao State College. It aimed to determine the level of employability skills of the respondents according to program and specialization, and if there are significant differences in the level of employability skills of the respondents according to the moderator variables. The findings reveal that all the Teacher Education graduates are Much Skilled along oral communication. The Bachelor of Secondary Education graduates are found to be Much Skilled along the areas that have connection with their specialization. However, all the graduates show Moderate Skills along numeracy except those who specialized in mathematics. It is therefore recommended that for the Kalinga Apayao State College to achieve its vision and mission, officials as well as the teachers should plan activities where students can develop all the skills required by employers; Enhancement of the communication skills of Mathematics graduates must be done to better motivate the learners to love math; Trainers and or instructors of teacher education students are encouraged to attend seminars and trainings that would provide them the skill to develop their students’ needed skills in the workplace; The Curriculum of the Teacher Education Program must be enhanced to include subjects and topics that will develop the employability skills of the students; A tracer study should be conducted in schools with employed teachers who are graduates of KASC.
The network of international trade and R&D spillovers

The literature on the channels of international knowledge flows has flourished. Departing from the usual tenets on the proportionality between trade flows and productivity spillovers, this article tests whether particularly intense trade relationships are associated with relatively large international R&D spillovers. By addressing the nuisance parameter problems in a nonlinear two-step estimation nesting the hypothesis that R&D spillovers are trade-unrelated, we show that trade patterns positively influence the transmission of knowledge. Particularly intense exchanges of trade and knowledge are identified on 24 advanced countries over 1971-2004. The results are robust to the adoption of alternative sophisticated measures of trade flows.
Supply and Demand in Kaldorian Growth Models: A Proposal for Dynamic Adjustment

This paper analyses the dynamic adjustment of supply and demand in Kaldorian growth models. We discuss how the growth rate of a country given by the demand constraints may adjust towards the growth rate given by the supply-side (and vice-versa), presenting the necessary conditions for this adjustment. Our main conclusion is that, for a monopolistic economy, where firms invest to maintain a constant level of capital utilisation, there are no capital constraints and hence the degree of capacity utilisation is not affected by this adjustment. Nevertheless, depending on specific conditions, an economy may face labour constraints, and thus an adjustment mechanism is necessary. The Palley-Setterfield approach for this dynamic adjustment brings a possible reconciliation to supplyand demand-side long-term growth rates. It emphasises the endogeneity of the income-elasticities of demand for imports and the Verdoorn coefficient to utilisation capacity. However, some considerations about labour market have to be discussed in order to understand the characteristics and limitations of this approach. In this sense, we draw from the McCombie (2011) critique, in which employment adjusts immediately to guarantee equilibrium between supply and demand. We propose reconciliation between the Palley-Setterfield and the McCombie approaches, and present a model with a labour market adjustment in which both types of adjustments represent extreme cases, discussing the existence and the characteristics of intermediate cases.
Modeling the Dynamics of Entomophaga maimaiga (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) Epizootics in Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Populations

A virulent fungal pathogen, Entomophaga maimaiga Humber, Shimazu & Soper, was discovered in gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), populations across northeastern North America in 1989. It had never before been reported from North America, but many reports have documented the importance of this natural enemy in Japanese gypsy moth populations. We conducted experiments to estimate parameters for several components of the E. maimaiga/L. dispar system, and an object-oriented simulation model was used to evaluate the dynamics of this system. Studies conducted with a 1984 Japanese isolate of E. maimaiga formed the basis for this model. Successful infection by conidia required a median time of 8.69 h at 25°C. Data for period of lethal infection demonstrated that this pathogen cannot develop at 30°C, and that mortality is high across all instars. Transmission experiments using caged saplings in the field were used to estimate a value for the proportion of conidia that successfully reach hosts and cause infection. Experiments with the model demonstrated results consistent with the existence of a host density threshold below which the rapid increase in secondary infection characteristic of epizootics does not occur. Primary infections throughout the field season were important in producing an adequate level of secondary inoculum for development of epizootics. Instar-specific larval behaviors were hypothesized as resulting in differential instar exposure to primary inoculum; inclusion of behavior-specific coefficients resulted in disease phenology more similar to observed patterns in the field. The model was also successfully tested using weather data from sites and dates when epizootics caused by E. maimaiga were known either to occur or not to occur. Variability in weather conditions across a larger geographic area caused heterogeneity in development of epizootics.
Mutualism between the Carnivorous Purple Pitcher Plant and its Inhabitants

Larvae of the Diptera, Wyeomyia smith/ii and Metriocnemus knabi, accelerate the breakdown of prey and the rate of ammonia production in leaves of Sarracenia purpurea L. The leaves take up ammonia and carbon dioxide rapidly and infuse oxygen into the water contained in them. Brighter light and higher temperature promote more rapid uptake of ammonia. Thus, under the brightest, warmest times of day, inquiline metabolism and respiration can produce increased substrates for photosynthetic carbon reduction and nitrogen incorporation. These same conditions promote an aerobic metabolite-free environment within the leaves. When the system goes anaerobic as a result of superabundant prey decomposition, photosynthetic bacteria predominate and fulfill the roles of the previous aerobic inhabitants.
Making high strength concrete using Maddhapara hard rock as coarse aggregate

This study has been conducted to understand the possibility of utilization of Maddhapara hard rock aggregate as coarse aggregate for making high strength concrete. For this, hard rock aggregates were collected and investigated for physical and mechanical properties. Concrete specimens of size 100 mm by 200 mm were made by varying water-to-binder ratio (W/B) (0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45), cement content (450 kg/m 3 and 500 kg/m 3 ), type of cement (CEM Type I, CEM Type II AM and CEM Type II BM). Also, a part of the cement (8%) was replaced by silica fume (36 kg/m 3 to 40 kg/m 3 ). 444 cylindrical concrete specimens were made for 37 different mixture proportions of concrete. The specimens were tested for compressive strength, stress-strain curve and modulus of elasticity of concrete at 7 days, 14 days, 28 days, 56 days, and 90 days. Specimens were also tested for tensile strength of concrete at 28 days. In addition to the concrete specimens, 222 mortar cube specimen (2 inch × 2 inch × 2 inch) were also made by screening concrete of each mixture through #4 sieve. The mortar specimens were tested at 28 days and 90 days. From the experimental results, it was revealed that hard rock aggregate can be utilized as coarse aggregate for making high strength concrete from 40 MPa to 78 MPa. Relationships between compressive strength and tensile strength, compressive strength and modulus of elasticity, and stress and strain of concrete made with Maddhapara hard rock aggregate are proposed. © 2018 Institution of Engineers, Bangladesh. All rights reserved.
A FRAMEWORK TO ASSESS CREDIT RISK IN GROUP LENDING WITH AN APPLICATION TO RURAL SOUTH INDIA

This study develops a framework to assess credit risk in joint-liability based group lending. Three broad categories of risk are defined: (i) the credit risk associated with individual group members, which can be further decomposed into socio-economic status, financial history and family support toward group membership (ii) risk arising from the purpose of loan use and (iii) risk relating to group dynamics. The framework is applied to a cohort of 85 ‘Self Help Groups’ in rural South India that received loans in 2003. The model predicts ‘arrears’ in repayments with high accuracy: Groups with arrears suffer a multiple disadvantage. Low socio-economic status is accompanied by a lack of family support toward group membership and weaker informational and social capital. The use of loans for consumption is the highest for these groups, implying that repayments are from household income or savings rather than the returns on productive investments. Given that the majority in these groups are daily-wage labourers with poor financial habits (lack of regular savings), the chances for successful repayment are clearly unfavourable. Members of these groups have a poor financial history (prior loan refusals), but reported being able to access credit from other sources at the point of taking the loan. The ability to access other sources of credit reduces incentives for repayment as the threat of sanctions on further loans by the MFI – a central feature of the group lending contract – carries little value. In aggregate, therefore, the ability and incentives to repay appear heavily skewed against these groups. In contrast, live groups are at a multiple advantage: Members have a higher socio-economic status, family support and there is greater social and informational capital within groups. Members in these groups have a good financial history with regular savings and fewer loan refusals but report being unable to access credit from other sources in the base year. Therefore overall these groups appear more able and inclined to honour their loan obligations.