Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analytical Model-based Capacity Planning Approach for Building CSD-based Storage Systems

The data movement in large-scale computing facilities (from compute nodes to data nodes) is categorized as one of the major contributors to high cost and energy utilization. To tackle it, in-storage processing (ISP) within storage devices, such as Solid-State Drives (SSDs), has been explored actively. The introduction of computational storage drives (CSDs) enabled ISP within the same form factor as regular SSDs and made it easy to replace SSDs within traditional compute nodes. With CSDs, host systems can offload various operations such as search, filter, and count. However, commercialized CSDs have different hardware resources and performance characteristics. Thus, it requires careful consideration of hardware, performance, and workload characteristics for building a CSD-based storage system within a compute node. Therefore, storage architects are hesitant to build a storage system based on CSDs as there are no tools to determine the benefits of CSD-based compute nodes to meet the performance requirements compared to traditional nodes based on SSDs. In this work, we proposed an analytical model-based storage capacity planner called CsdPlan for system architects to build performance-effective CSD-based compute nodes. Our model takes into account the performance characteristics of the host system, targeted workloads, and hardware and performance characteristics of CSDs to be deployed and provides optimal configuration based on the number of CSDs for a compute node. Furthermore, CsdPlan estimates and reduces the total cost of ownership (TCO) for building a CSD-based compute node. To evaluate the efficacy of CsdPlan, we selected two commercially available CSDs and 4 representative big data analysis workloads.
Generalized skyrmion crystals with applications to neutron stars

In this article we study properties of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter in the generalized Skyrme model. This is achieved by canonically quantizing the isospin collective degrees of freedom of the recently found multi-wall skyrmion crystal. We obtain, for the first time, an equation of state from the Skyrme model which interpolates between infinite isospin asymmetric nuclear matter and finite isospin symmetric atomic nuclei. This enables us to describe neutron stars with crusts within the Skyrme framework. Furthermore, we observe that the symmetry energy tends to a constant value at zero density, which can be identified with the asymmetry coefficient in the semi-empirical mass formula for atomic nuclei. The symmetry energy also reveals a cusp in its structure below the nuclear saturation point $n_0$ at $n_*\sim 3n_0/4$. This cusp density point $n_*$ can be interpreted as the nuclear density whereby the infinite crystalline multi-wall configuration undergoes a phase transition to a finite isolated multi-wall configuration. Both of these observations are observed to be generic features of skyrmion crystals that tend asymptotically to somewhat isolated skyrmion configurations in the zero density limit. We find that the resulting neutron stars from our study agree quite well with recent NICER/LIGO observational data.
Binding energies of ground and isomeric states in neutron-rich ruthenium isotopes: Measurements at JYFLTRAP and comparison to theory

We report on precision mass measurements of $^{113,115,117}$Ru performed with the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap mass spectrometer at the Accelerator Laboratory of University of Jyv\"askyl\"a. The phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique was used to resolve the ground and isomeric states in $^{113,115}$Ru and enabled for the first time a measurement of the isomer excitation energies, $E_x(^{113}$Ru$^{m})=100.5(8)$ keV and $E_x(^{115}$Ru$^{m})=129(5)$ keV. The ground state of $^{117}$Ru was measured using the time-of-flight ion-cyclotron-resonance technique. The new mass-excess value for $^{117}$Ru is around 36 keV lower and 7 times more precise than the previous literature value. With the more precise ground-state mass values, the evolution of the two-neutron separation energies is further constrained and a similar trend as predicted by the BSkG1 model is obtained up to the neutron number $N=71$.
Der bekannte Grenzwert der redundanzfreien Information in Texten - eine Fehlinterpretation der Shannonschen Experimente?

It is shown that the redundancy-free value of specific information (entropy) in natural language texts, measured in bit per letter, cannot be a constant value. Rather it should decline monotonously with growing length of texts. Surprisingly this fact has been mentioned incidentally by Shannon already in his famous paper in printed English. Now the region is determined numerically in wich the function of minimum entropy can be situated. A first approximation for this function leads to integrated information values, which are proportionnal to the square root of text length.
ISPH Modelling and Analysis of Fluid Mixing in a Microchannel with an Oscillating or a Rotating Stirrer

Abstract In the present study, we apply a robust Incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method improved by advanced second-order discretization in order to examine active micromixers equipped with a rotating or an oscillating stir-bar. Since it has a Lagrangian nature and it is based on particles, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics is an appropriate and convenient method for the moving boundary and for one-way coupled fluid–solid interactions. However, this method has not been applied to simulate active micromixers. The present study thus introduces a convenient Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method for modelling active micromixers. In addition, mixing flow is investigated by considering the vorticity field. Cross-shaped and straight stir-bars are also examined and evaluated. The presented results show that the cross-shaped stir-bar is more efficient than the straight stir-bar. In addition, the rotating cross-shaped stir-bar can be introduced as an appropriate stirrer, while the rotating straight stir-bar demonstrates weak performance.
Combined Raman and atomic force microscopy study of hemoglobin distribution inside erythrocytes and nanoparticle localization on the erythrocyte surface

The letter describes a combined technique of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy (mRS) to estimate the distribution of cytosolic hemoglobin (Hb) and nanoparticles (NPs) inside and on the erythrocyte surface, respectively. We have shown that cytosolic hemoglobin is distributed uniformly inside the cell while NPs absorb on the cell surface irregularly, forming nanoaggregates. The obtained data provide new insight into the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy of living cells.
A Phase II Study of Neoadjuvant PLD/Cyclophosphamide and Sequential nab-Paclitaxel Plus Dual HER2 Blockade in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Abstract Background Neoadjuvant trastuzumab/pertuzumab (HP) plus chemotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) achieved promising efficacy. The additional cardiotoxicity still existed. Brecan study evaluated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD)/cyclophosphamide and sequential nab-paclitaxel based on HP (PLD/C/HP-nabP/HP). Patients and Methods Brecan was a single-arm phase II study. Eligible patients with stages IIA-IIIC HER2-positive BC received 4 cycles of PLD, cyclophosphamide, and HP, followed by 4 cycles of nab-paclitaxel and HP. Definitive surgery was scheduled after 21 days for patients completing treatment or experiencing intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint was the pathological complete response (pCR). Results Between January 2020 and December 2021, 96 patients were enrolled. Ninety-five (99.0%) patients received 8 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy and all underwent surgery with 45 (46.9%) breast-conserving surgery and 51 (53.1%) mastectomy. The pCR was 80.2% (95%CI, 71.2%-87.0%). Four (4.2%) experienced left ventricular insufficiency with an absolute decline in LVEF (43%-49%). No congestive heart failure and ≥grade 3 cardiac toxicity occurred. The objective response rate was 85.4% (95%CI, 77.0%-91.1%), including 57 (59.4%) complete responses and 25 (26.0%) partial responses. The disease control rate was 99.0% (95%CI, 94.3%-99.8%). For overall safety, ≥grade 3 AEs occurred in 30 (31.3%) and mainly included neutropenia (30.2%) and asthenia (8.3%). No treatment-related deaths occurred. Notably, age of >30 (P = .01; OR = 5.086; 95%CI, 1.44-17.965) and HER2 IHC 3+ (P = .02; OR = 4.398; 95%CI, 1.286-15.002) were independent predictors for superior pCR (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05346107). Conclusion Brecan study demonstrated the encouraging safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant PLD/C/HP-nabP/HP, suggesting a potential therapeutic option in HER2-positive BC.
Emerging peptide therapeutics for the treatment of ovarian cancer

ABSTRACT Introduction The discovery of therapeutic proteomic targets has resulted in remarkable advances in oncology. Identification of functional and hallmark peptides in ovarian cancer can be leveraged for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting. These targets are expressed in different tumor cell locations, making them excellent candidates for theranostic imaging, precision therapeutics, and immunotherapy. The ideal target is homogeneously overexpressed in malignant cells with no expression in healthy cells, thereby avoiding off-tumor bystander toxicity. Several peptides are currently undergoing extensive evaluation for the development of vaccines, antibody-drug conjugates, monoclonal antibodies, radioimmunoconjugates, and cell therapy. Areas covered This review focuses on the significance of peptides as promising targets in ovarian cancer. English peer-reviewed articles and abstracts were searched in MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, and major conference databases. Expert opinion Peptides and proteins expressed in tumor cells are an exciting area of research with great potential and may significantly influence precision therapeutics and immunotherapeutic strategies. Accurate utilization of peptide expression as a predictive biomarker has the potential to greatly enhance treatment precision. The ability to measure receptor expression paves the way for its use as a predictive biomarker for therapeutic targeting and requires critical validation of sensitivity and specificity for each indication to guide therapy.
Have Middle-Aged and Older Americans Become Lonelier? 20-Year Trends From the Health and Retirement Study

Abstract Objectives Despite media and public dialog portraying loneliness as a worsening problem, little is known about how the prevalence of loneliness has changed over time. Our study aims to identify (a) temporal trends in episodic and sustained loneliness (lonely in 1 wave vs consistently lonely in 3 consecutive waves); (b) trends across sociodemographic subgroups by sex, race/ethnicity, birth cohort, education, employment status, marital status, and living alone; and (c) longitudinal predictors of loneliness in middle-aged and older Americans (≥50 years). Methods Based on Waves 3 (1996) to 14 (2018) of the Health and Retirement Study (n = 18,841–23,227), we conducted a series of lagged mixed-effects Poisson regression models to assess trends of episodic and sustained loneliness in the overall and sociodemographic subgroup samples (by sex, race/ethnicity, birth cohort, education, employment, relationship, and living alone status). To examine the predictors of episodic and sustained loneliness, we used a multivariate mixed-effects Poisson regression model with all sociodemographic variables entered into the same model. Results Episodic loneliness prevalence decreased from 20.1% to 15.5% and sustained loneliness from 4.6% to 3.6%. Trends were similar across most subgroups. Males, Caucasians, those born in 1928–1945, with university education, working, married/partnered, and those not living alone reported lower episodic and sustained loneliness, although associations with sustained loneliness were stronger. Discussion Contrary to common perceptions, loneliness has decreased over 20 years of follow-up in middle-aged and older Americans. Several sociodemographic subgroups have been identified as having a higher risk of loneliness, prompting targeted public health attention.
A controller degree bound for H ∞ 0E control problems of the second kind

This paper is a continuation of our work on $\mathcal{H}^\infty $-optimal control problems which may be embedded in the linear fractional configuration of Fig. 1. In two previous articles [19], [20], a controller degree bound was established for problems in which both $P_{12} (s)$ and $P_{21} (s)$ are square (problems of the first kind). If the McMillan degree of $P(s)$ is n, it was shown that there exist $\mathcal{H}^\infty $-optimal controllers with McMillan degree no greater than $n - 1$. Here we switch our attention to problems of the second kind. That is, we allow $P_{12} (s)$ to have more rows than columns (with $P_{21} (s)$ square), or alternatively, we allow $P_{21} (s)$ to have more columns than rows (with $P_{12} (s)$ square). Our main result shows that the degree bound derived previously for problems of the first kind carries over to problems of the second kind without change. In addition to the controller degree bound, our analysis suggests a number of modifications which are easily made to cur.
Involvement of oxidative stress‐related apoptosis in chlorpyrifos‐induced cytotoxicity and the ameliorating potential of the antioxidant vitamin E in human glioblastoma cells

Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), which are among the most widely used synthetic chemicals for the control of a wide variety of pests, are however associated with various adverse reactions in animals and humans. Chlorpyrifos, an OP, has been shown to cause various health complications due to ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption. The mechanisms underlying the adverse effect of chlorpyrifos on neurotoxicity have not been elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to determine the mechanism of chlorpyrifos‐induced cytotoxicity and to examine whether the antioxidant vitamin E (VE) ameliorated these cytotoxic effects using DBTRG‐05MG, a human glioblastoma cell line. The DBTRG‐05MG cells were treated with chlorpyrifos, VE, or chlorpyrifos plus VE and compared with the untreated control cells. Chlorpyrifos induced a significant decrease in cell viability and caused morphological changes in treated cultures. Furthermore, chlorpyrifos led to the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accompanied by a decrease in the level of reduced glutathione. Additionally, chlorpyrifos induced apoptosis by upregulating the protein levels of Bax and cleaved caspase‐9/caspase‐3 and by downregulating the protein levels of Bcl‐2. Moreover, chlorpyrifos modulated the antioxidant response by increasing the protein levels of Nrf2, HO‐1, and NQO1. However, VE reversed the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos treatment in DBTRG‐05MG cells. Overall, these findings suggest that chlorpyrifos causes cytotoxicity through oxidative stress, a process that may play an important role in the development of chlorpyrifos‐associated glioblastoma.
Ion gyroharmonic structures in stimulated radiation during second electron gyroharmonic heating: 2. Simulations

Characteristics of the Stimulated Electromagnetic Emission (SEE) spectrum recorded during ionospheric heating near the second electron gyroharmonic frequency, 2fce, have attracted attention due to their possible connection to artificially generated airglow and artificial ionospheric layers. Two newly discovered SEE spectral features within 1 kHz frequency shift relative to the pump frequency are (1) discrete narrowband structures ordered by the local ion gyrofrequency involving parametric decay of the pump field into upper hybrid/electron Bernstein (UH/EB) and ion Bernstein (IB) waves and (2) broadband structures that maximize around 500 Hz downshifted relative to the pump frequency involving parametric decay of the pump field into upper hybrid/electron Bernstein and oblique ion acoustic (IA) waves [Samimi et al., 2013]. In this paper, a two‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell Monte Carlo Collision computational model is employed in order to consider nonlinear aspects such as (1) electron acceleration through wave‐particle interaction, (2) more complex nonlinear wave‐wave processes, and (3) temporal evolution of irregularities through nonlinear saturation. The simulation results show that the IB‐associated parametric decay is primarily associated with electron acceleration perpendicular to the geomagnetic field. More gyroharmonic lines are typically associated with more electron acceleration. Electron acceleration is reduced when the pump frequency is sufficiently close to 2fce. The IA‐associated parametric decay instability is primarily associated with electron tail heating along the magnetic field and electron acceleration is reduced when the pump frequency is sufficiently close to 2fce. Characteristics of caviton collapse behavior become prevalent in this case. Results are discussed within the context of some recent experimental observations.
On Spectral Analysis of Mesoscale Eddies. Part I: Linear Analysis

AbstractThis study aims to understand the ocean’s circulation, which is characterized by the presence of multiple alternating zonal jets and transient mesoscale eddies, by systematic analysis of the underlying linear dynamics of this system. For this purpose, properties of the linear normal modes such as growth rates, dispersion, spatial structure, and nonlinear self-interactions are explored for a hierarchy of idealized, vertically, and horizontally sheared flows with increasing complexity. The authors find that large-scale background vertical shear, alternating multiple zonal jets, bottom friction, and the Reynolds number have important effects on these modes. This study hypothesizes that when these effects are taken into account, the linear results can be used to predict many properties of nonlinear mesoscale eddies. This hypothesis is confirmed in Part II of this paper.
Development of Particle Image Velocimetry in a Mach 2.7 Wind Tunnel at AEDC White Oak

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments have been performed in the AEDC White Oak Mach 3 Calibration Wind Tunnel to validate a new seeding methodology applicable to Tunnel 9 for hypersonic boundary layer measurements. This methodology involved tangential wall injection of a highly concentrated Polyalphaolefins (PAO-4) aerosol. Validation was performed in a well characterized 7.5 to 9 mm thick Mach 2.7 turbulent boundary layer with a 590 m/s edge velocity. The effect of mass injection on the velocity, as determined from Pitot surveys with and without wall injection and PIV measurements with global and local seeding is small, Δu≈0.7-1.3%. Velocity measurements derived from Pitot pressure and traditional globally seeded PIV agree with the locally seeded PIV measurements. Streamwise velocity fluctuations follow the same trend as DNS data and previous experiments. Image processing techniques were used to perform a quantitative comparison of the particle concentration across the boundary layer. The analysis shows that the local seeding methodology provides a good seeding uniformity over 80% of the boundary layer thickness as well as twice as much near wall particles.
Chronic pain is no more prevalent in people living with HIV than in their uninfected counterparts in South Africa

There are few studies on chronic pain prevalence in people living with HIV, and there are no studies comparing chronic pain prevalence in an HIV‐infected group (HIV+) to that found in an uninfected group (HIV−) in the same population. This study was undertaken to (1) estimate the chronic pain prevalence in HIV+ individuals and (2) compare chronic pain prevalence between HIV+ and HIV− groups in a population.
On the ordinary mode Weibel instability in space plasmas: A comparison of three‐particle distributions

Electromagnetic wave fluctuations driven by temperature anisotropy in plasmas are of interest for solar flare, solar corona, and solar wind studies. We investigate the dispersion characteristics of electromagnetic wave propagating perpendicular to the uniform magnetic field which is derived by using multiple particle distribution functions: Maxwellian, bi‐kappa, and product bi‐kappa. The presence of temperature anisotropy in which the parallel plasma kinetic energy density exceeding by a sufficient amount can lead to Weibel‐like electromagnetic instability. A general description is made to calculate the growth/damping rates of Weibel‐like modes when the temperature anisotropy and nonthermal features are associated with these distributions. We demonstrate that for the zeroth cyclotron harmonic, our results for bi‐Maxwellian and bi‐kappa overlap with each other, while the product bi‐kappa distribution shows some dependence on parallel kappa index. For higher harmonics, the growth rates vanish and the damping prevails.
Age-related differences in interference control in the context of a finger-lifting task: an fMRI study

Abstract Humans tend to automatically imitate others and their actions while also being able to control such imitative tendencies. Interference control, necessary to suppress own imitative tendencies, develops rapidly in childhood and adolescence, plateaus in adulthood and slowly declines with advancing age. It remains to be shown though which neural processes underpin these differences across the lifespan. In a cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study with three age groups (adolescents (ADs) 14–17 years, young adults (YAs) 21–31, older adults (OAs) 56–76, N = 91 healthy female participants), we investigated the behavioral and neural correlates of interference control in the context of automatic imitation using the finger-lifting task. ADs showed the most efficient interference control, while no significant differences emerged between YAs and OAs, despite OAs showing longer reaction times. On the neural level, all age groups showed engagement of the right temporoparietal junction, right supramarginal gyrus and bilateral insula, aligning well with studies previously using this task. However, our analyses did not reveal any age-related differences in brain activation, neither in these nor in other areas. This suggests that ADs might have a more efficient use of the engaged brain networks and, on the other hand, OAs’ capacity for interference control and the associated brain functions might be largely preserved.
Subsidence monitoring in the Ordos basin using integrated SAR differential and time-series interferometry techniques

ABSTRACT Recent researches have illustrated with the image tracking method that Ordos, China is suffering from a significant drop in earth surface level. However, such method can lead to bias in terms of its accuracy. In this paper, land displacement in Ordos between 8 January 2007 and 19 January 2011 was mapped using L-band ALOS Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) data. Twenty PALSAR images were utilized to generate both Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) and time-series InSAR (TS-InSAR) results. Several locations in the eastern Ordos experiencing rapid land subsidence were identified. The subsidence rates ranging from −30 mm year−1 to 30 mm year−1 were measured in line-of-sight direction. The comparison between TS-InSAR and DInSAR results, although showing good agreement in general, reveals some gaps in time-series map near Qu Jia Liang coalmine mainly due to sudden changes within the four-year period. DInSAR result was exploited to fill these gaps after removing the tropospheric stratification phase delay and the verification step was conducted over the relatively stable region identified by TS-InSAR analysis. At last, the refined DInSAR result was converted into time-series velocity map and superimposed to TS-InSAR outcome to generate a final product.