Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of the Post-Glacial Formation of the Peddocks Island Salt Marsh, Hull, MA

Climate change and associated sea level rise are of a large concern, and studying the environment’s history will allow for better predictions on the future. Salt marshes provide an excellent site for the study of changes that have occurred, as they accrete at a rate synonymous to sea level rise. Tidal salt marshes accrete upwards and landwards as diurnal tides fl ood the marsh, bringing in sediment. Major storm events also are known to provide sediment for marsh accretion. Lower rates of sea level rise allow marsh plants to keep in pace with incoming sediments (Niering and Warren, 1980). Sediment cores at a tidal salt marsh on Peddocks Island in Boston Harbor, Hull, MA were analyzed in order to determine the post-glacial history of marsh and island formation. Marsh stratigraphies were compared with other fi ndings and fi t to a relative sea level curve to develop the history and provide evidence for post-glacial conditions in Boston Harbor. Th ree main units in Peddocks Marsh stratigraphy display evidence of major post-glacial events in Boston Harbor. Th e bottom unit was found the be the Boston Blue Clay, a glaciomarine mud deposited 13,500 years BP as meltwater from the retreating ice sheet inundated Boston Harbor. Th e middle unit was a dark brown silty mud, with no roots or rhizomes evident in the bottom but an increasing amount towards the top. Increases in % organic carbon content up the core quantify this, as peat layers contained an average 18.1% organic matter, and bottom clay layers 3.0%. Th is correlates to tidal mud fl ats that acted as a platform in which marsh could begin to colonize. Marsh likely colonized the fl ats between 4000 and 2000 years BP, when rates of sea level rise decreased from 2.5 mm/yr to 1 mm/yr (Warren and Niering, 1993). Th e top unit was a lighter brown silty peat, with roots and rhizomes all throughout. Th is correlates to a time of full marsh colonization, evident in present day. A radiocarbon date of a wood chip found at 48 cm in Peddocks Core 14-1-1 was obtained, yielding an age of 300 14C BP, or 1559 AD with calibration. Th is wood chip was found right at the contact of a 5 cm thick gravel deposit. Th is gravel deposit was interpreted as overwash sediment associated with the Great Colonial Hurricane of 1635. Evidence of less signifi cant storm events may exist in peaks of larger grain sizes throughout the core.
Pengaruh kemandirian belajar, minat belajar, disiplin belajar dan lingkungan belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa

Penelitian ini meneliti apakah ada pengaruh kemandirian belajar,minat belajar,disiplin belajar dan lingkungan belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa khusunya pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) kelas VIII Di SMPN 2 Pakel tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik propotional random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode angket dan metode dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda, produk momen, uji t, uji F dan uji R2 dengan menggunakan bantuan program SPSS 23.0, for windows. Dilihat dari analisis linier berganda dengan hasil kemandirian belajar berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar sebesar 1,300 lebih besar dari ttabel 0.679 hubungan positif sebesar 0,661 nilai signifikan 0,002, minat belajar sebesar 0,738 lebih besar dari ttabel 0.679 hubungan positif sebesar 0,835 nilai signifikan 0,003, disiplin belajar sebesar 1,466 lebih besar dari ttabel 0.679 hubungan positif sebesar 0.716 nilai signifikan 0,001 dan lingkungan belajar 0,087 lebih kecil dari ttabel 0.679 hubungan positif sebesar 0,604 nilai signifikan 0,004.
The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety

Nursing home residents, by virtue of their pervasive cognitive deficits and complex health conditions, are at increased risk for adverse events and medical errors. Residents often take multiple medications for various medical conditions, and studies have shown that adverse events are common in this setting. Similarly, transfer of important resident information is frequently neglected during transitions between shifts or institutions, increasing the potential for serious errors. The fragility of this population makes nursing home residents extremely vulnerable to the consequences of such errors. Contributing to the increased propensity for safety problems in this setting is an organizational culture of blame and distrust. The Institute of Medicine has emphasized the necessity of advancing beyond a culture that blames individuals to one that promotes safety by viewing errors as learning opportunities. Organizational culture is a multidimensional concept that encompasses shared assumptions among groups that provide meaning to their perceptions and actions. The term safety culture was originally conceptualized by the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group to denote the dysfunctional conditions and decision processes that contributed to the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in 1986. Since then, the concept of safety culture has been adapted to describe the patterns of attitudes and behaviors observed in health care. In general, it is believed that safety culture reflects perfor mance potential more directly than it does actual outcomes. The preconditions set in place by an advanced safety culture actualize in a way that is dependent on many taskand situation-specific variables. Nevertheless, recent studies have found various safety culture interventions in hospitals to be associated with improved safety practices and outcomes. Studies in nursing homes generally report a poorly developed safety culture, yet no interventional studies to improve safety culture have been reported to date. The Joint Commission, an independent, not-for-profit organization, is known for promoting advancement in patient Safety Culture
Changes in Pediatric Trauma During the COVID-19 Pandemic; Does the Pandemic Have an Effect on the Severity of Traumas?

Aim: Traumas are the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in children. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was shown to affect pediatric mental health, child neglect, and the occurrence of traumatic injuries. This study aimed to characterize pediatric trauma cases presenting to our institution before and after the pandemic began. Materials and Methods: Patients with trauma who were admitted to our emergency department between March, 2019 and March, 2021 were included. The patients were classified into two groups as before and after the pandemic began (March, 2020). Trauma characteristics, the severity of the injury, and prognosis were assessed. The patients’ injury severity scores (ISS) and pediatric trauma scores (PTS) were noted. Results: A total of 1,718 patients were included in this study. The number of pediatric trauma admissions dropped from 1,039 to 679 after the pandemic started. There was no difference between these groups in terms of age (p=0.874) or gender (p=0.106). There was a significant decrease in the number of traumatic injuries (p<0.001) especially during the first shutdown period (April, May, and June, 2020. Additionally, there was a significant increase in terms of foreign body aspiration (p=0.001) and pedestrian injuries (p=0.016). Although a significant increase was noted in the ISS of the patients (p<0.001), no differences were found between the PTSs (p=0.075) or multi-organ injuries (p=1.000). Also, no significant differences were observed regarding mortality (p=0.650), household accidents (p=0.600), trauma type (p=0.533), the need for transfusion (p=0.166), surgery (p=0.077) or mechanical ventilation (p=0.464) between the two groups. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic altered social patterns, leading to a decrease in pediatric traumas. This decrease was most prominent during the shutdown period. The variables showing severe trauma, such as the need for surgery, did not change despite a significant increase in ISS. This was attributed to a decrease in admissions for minor trauma.
Supporting the treatment of infertility using psychological methods.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to review the current state of knowledge regarding the treatment of emotional consequences of infertility using psychosocial interventions and their effectiveness. REVIEW METHODS The review was based on data obtained from scientific articles published in the Pub Med, Science Direct, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMbase, and The Cochrane Library between 1997-2022. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF KNOWLEDGE Assistance offered to persons afflicted by the problem of infertility may take various forms, depending not only on the needs of those interested and the stage of treatment, but also on the capabilities of the staff (type and level of education). Commonly available, well-developed and researched methods of therapy are most frequently applied, often expanded by such elements as education concerning fertility and life style, and information about diagnosis and treatment. Modified methods of psychological intervention specially adjusted to persons struggling with infertility are also used. The indicators of the effectiveness of these methods are: reduction of stress, better coping with difficulties, decrease in the rates of psychological disorders, as well as an improvement of sperm parameters in men, and an increase in pregnancy and live birth rates. SUMMARY The most frequently recommended methods of psychosocial intervention are these based on cognitive behavioural therapy and variants of stress reduction techniques. It is recommended that patients with infertility are provided with psychological care throughout the treatment period, and that the medical staff is equipped with standardized methods of assessing their mental state.
Telehealth Availability for Cancer Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study

Background Telehealth was an important strategy for maintaining continuity of cancer care during the coronavirus pandemic and has continued to play a role in outpatient care; however, it is unknown whether services are equally available across cancer hospitals. Objective This study aimed to assess telehealth availability at cancer hospitals for new and established patients with common cancers to contextualize the impact of access barriers to technology on overall access to health care. Methods We conducted a national cross-sectional secret shopper study from June to November 2020 to assess telehealth availability at cancer hospitals for new and established patients with colorectal, breast, and skin (melanoma) cancer. We examined facility-level factors to determine predictors of telehealth availability. Results Of the 312 investigated facilities, 97.1% (n=303) provided telehealth services for at least 1 cancer site. Telehealth was less available to new compared to established patients (n=226, 72% vs n=301, 97.1%). The surveyed cancer hospitals more commonly offered telehealth visits for breast cancer care (n=266, 85%) and provided lower access to telehealth for skin (melanoma) cancer care (n=231, 74%). Most hospitals (n=163, 52%) offered telehealth for all 3 cancer types. Telehealth availability was weakly correlated across cancer types within a given facility for new (r=0.16, 95% CI 0.09-0.23) and established (r=0.14, 95% CI 0.08-0.21) patients. Telehealth was more commonly available for new patients at National Cancer Institute–designated facilities, medical school–affiliated facilities, and major teaching sites, with high total admissions and below-average timeliness of care. Telehealth availability for established patients was highest at Academic Comprehensive Cancer Programs, nongovernment and nonprofit facilities, medical school–affiliated facilities, Accountable Care Organizations, and facilities with a high number of total admissions. Conclusions Despite an increase in telehealth services for patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic, we identified differences in access across cancer hospitals, which may relate to measures of clinical volume, affiliation, and infrastructure.
Expanded Polystyrene-Debris-Induced Genotoxic Effect in Littoral Organisms

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is a major component of plastic debris in the environment, including coastal and littoral zones. EPS is widely used in various industries including fish farming and aquaculture, which poses a serious potential threat not only to cultured hydrobionts but also to all living organisms, including humans. This paper presents the results of experimental studies on the effects of EPS (0.024 m2/L) on marine mollusks Mytilus trossulus and Tegula rustica, which are typical inhabitants of the upper littoral of Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan), belonging to different systematic groups and differing in the type of nutrition. The results of biochemical marker analysis showed the development of oxidative stress processes. Thus, increasing malondialdehyde content relative to control values was registered in the digestive glands of M. trossulus and T. rustica. In the cells of the digestive glands of M. trossulus, integral antioxidant activity decreased more than 1.5 times compared with that of the control. The change in the concentration of protein carbonyls was unchanged in M. trossulus, whereas in T. rustica, there was a 1.5-fold increase. EPS exposure also resulted in significant DNA damage in the studied mollusks—the damage level increased 2.5-fold in M. trossulus and 1.5-fold in T. rustica relative to the control, indicating the genotoxic potential of EPS litters.
A REVIEW OF THE REMOVAL OF ARUNDO DONAX FROM A RIPARIAN AREA WITHIN SAN TIMOTEO CANYON

A site within San Timoteo Canyon was revisited, 13-14 years after treatment, to look at long-term effects of Arundo donax removal. The data obtained were used to determine whether A. donax had re-invaded, other nonnative species had established the area, or if native species were able to grow in place of the removed A. donax. The previous removals included a combination of grinding large patches of A. donax and then foliar spraying, foliar spraying of uncut plants, and direct spraying of hand cut stems, depending upon the location and size of the plant. The effects of the A. donax removals within San Timoteo Canyon were analyzed in relation to new percent cover of the plant species, other more recent removals, and areas that did not experience removal procedures. The project included the use of data provided by the Inland Empire Resource Conservation District (IERCD) as well as the collection of data from randomized plots to generate plant species percent cover. Plant percent cover data analyzed for this paper had been collected from eight 15 by 15 foot randomly selected plots within an overall project site of 42.3 acres. Additional sites were used to investigate what can happen if A. donax is not removed from an area into which it has been introduced, the short-term effects of A. donax removal methods, and the role the ever-changing characteristics of riparian areas can play in their own restoration. These additional sites included aerial photographs supplied by IERCD of an ecologically similar area, a plot with a more recent A. donax removal date, as well as photographs and data of a site
Achieved Fertility and Fertility Intentions among Ethnic Groups in Central Asia: Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan Compared

This thesis contributes to the limited demographic literature on Central Asia – the region through which led the great Silk Road – an ancient route of trade and cultural exchange between East and West. We focus on Kyrgyzstan and countries in its immediate neighborhood: Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. We analyze the dynamic interplay between marriage, childbearing, and migration, and examine fertility intentions and intentions to migrate as predictors of demographic outcomes. The thesis consists of four co-authored and one single-authored paper connected through a common theme of ethno-cultural differences in demographic behavior. In the first three studies, we explore the link between migration and family formation. We demonstrate that increased fertility of recent migrants is attributable to marriage-related resettlements. In paper four, we provide an analysis of intentions to move abroad. Our results suggest that ethnicity plays a significant role, independent of other factors, in determining migration plans and preferences, and detect ethnic-specific effects of marriage, childbearing, and social capital on the inclination to migrate. In paper five, we compare the fertility and fertility intentions of ethnic majority and minority groups in three neighboring countries of the region. We explain fertility differentials between ethnic groups in terms of the combined effects of their status in society, country-level differences in institutional settings, and historical and cultural factors.
Corporate Governance and Profitability of Manufacturing and Allied Firms Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya

The study examined the effect of corporate governance on the profitability of manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. The study was anchored by agency theory and stakeholder theory. Nine manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya constituted the target population and a census approach was adopted. The study found that board size had significant implications on the profitability of manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya (p= 0.009, β= -0.023). It was established that board independence is significant in predicting profitability (p= 0.011, β= -0.001). External audit quality had a significant effect on profitability (p= 0.001, β= 0.258). Institutional ownership was significant in determining profitability (p= 0.000, β= 0.002). The study recommends that listed manufacturing and allied firms should ensure that an effective board is constituted which is optimum in size. The study further recommends that a blended board should be ensured comprising of both executive and non-executive directors which reflects the level of independence of the board. It was also recommended that firms should ensure that a highly reputable external auditor is appointed. In addition, firms should strive towards having a higher proportion of institutional shareholding to outstanding shareholdings. Given the 53.53 percent unexplained variation in profitability, further studies on manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya can consider other corporate governance attributes.
Descriptions of South African Sponges.

Dr. J. D. F. Gilchrist, Government Biologist, of Cape Town. has recently sent to the British Museum a collection of Sponges dredged by him off the coasts of Cape Colony and Natal from depths ranging from 13 to 300 fathoms. Most of the specimens were preserved in formalin, but some were dried. All the wet specimens have been transferred to alcohol. By the kind permission of Professor E. Ray Lankester, their description has been entrusted to me. This collection contains several new and interesting forms, and this is not surprising, seeing how little has hitherto been done towards working out the Sponge Fauna’ of South Africa. In the present paper the Hexactinellida and Tetractinellida Choristida are described. Below is a list of species :—
Comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 detection methods using stool, blood, and nasopharyngeal swab samples

Introduction as a public health policy, the ongoing global coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination drives require continuous tracking, tracing, and testing of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diagnostic testing is important in virus detection and understanding its spread for timely intervention. This is especially important for low-income settings where the majority of the population remains untested. This is well supported by the fact that of about 9% of the Kenyan population had been tested for the virus. Methods this was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Kisumu and Siaya Referral Hospitals in Kenya. Here we report on the sensitivity and specificity of the rapid antigen detection test (Ag-RDT) of SARS-CoV-2 compared with the quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using stool and nasopharyngeal swab samples. Further, the mean Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels among symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals in western Kenya were evaluated. Results the sensitivity and specificity of Ag-RDT were 76.3% (95% CI, 59.8-88.6%) and 96.3% (95% CI, 87.3-99.5%) with a negative and positive predictive value of 85% (95% CI, 73.8%-93.0%) and 93% (95% CI, 78.6%-99.2%) respectively. There was substantial agreement of 88% (Kappa value of 0.75, 95% CI, 0.74-0.77) between Ag-RDT and nasopharyngeal swab RT-qPCR, and between stool and nasopharyngeal swab RT-qPCR results (83.7% agreement, Kapa value 0.62, 95% CI 0.45-0.80). The mean IgM and IgG antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 were not different in asymptomatic individuals, 1.11 (95% CI, 0.78-1.44) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.65-1.11) compared to symptomatic individuals 4.30 (95% CI 3.30-5.31) and 4.16 (95% CI 3.32 -5.00). Conclusion the choice of an appropriate SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic, screening, and surveillance test should be guided by the specific study needs and a rational approach for optimal results.
Effectiveness of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy(PCIT) for Children with Problem Behavior: Meta-Analysis

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an evidence-based short-term treatment program designed for preschool children (2 to 7 years old) and parents with behavior or emotional problems, and is an effective intervention method to improve parent-child relationships and reduce children’s problem behavior. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect of PCIT studied in Korea and to prepare an integrated basis. From 1991 to February 2022, papers studied in Korea were selected as exploration and target studies. A total of 17 studies were selected, and 11 studies (212 children, 12 father, 212 mother, 436 total) were finally included in the meta-analysis study, excluding 3 studies that presented the ranking sum. As a result of this study, the effect of PCIT improved children's problem behavior (1.32), reduced parenting stress (1.06) and mother's depression (0.99), and increased parenting efficacy (1.06) and spouse's parenting cooperation (0.86), which showed a significant effect (d>.8). This study is the first to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of PCIT based on domestic literature and is expected to be widely used as a child counseling and parent education program.
When do acquirers invest in the R & D assets of acquired science-based firms in cross-border acquisitions ?

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