Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CEO Tenure and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Reporting

In this paper, we find a negative association between CEO tenure and CSR reporting. In other words, compared with longer-serving CEOs, CEOs with shorter tenure tend to implement better CSR reporting practices, as measured by greater likelihood of issuing standalone CSR reports, and a higher chance of issuing CSR reports with assurance and in accordance with GRI guidelines. Our cross-sectional analyses further show that the negative association between CEO tenure and CSR reporting is mainly driven by firms with stronger information intermediaries, such as a higher level of media coverage, more analyst following, and greater institutional ownership, and firms with a higher level of discretionary accruals. Additional tests on the signaling effect of CSR reporting confirm that shorter-tenured CEOs tend to more actively signal their future financial performance through CSR reporting than longer-tenured CEOs. Taken together, our results suggest that when the market is highly uncertain about their ability during early years of service, CEOs are more inclined to use CSR reporting as a favorable signal of their ability, especially when signaling through earnings management is constrained and costly.
Experimental characterization of a solar thermal desalination system: MED coupled to a flat plate solar collector field

This research work presents the experimental characterization of a solar Multi-effect Distillation (MED) system located at the Plataforma Solar de Almería. Firstly, the assessment of the efficiency of anew large-aperture flat plate solar field has been carried out at several temperature levels for different climate conditions. Secondly, an experimental characterization of the solar MED plant working at off-design conditions has been addressed in terms of the distillate production and performance ratio (PR). From the results obtained, it was found a maximum experimental overall collector field efficiency close to 56% at a temperature level of 70 °C. The solar field efficiency showed some differences before and after solar noon due to the influence of the incidence angle which varies along the day due to the static nature of the solar collector. Regarding the thermal desalination plant, it was observed that the distillate production increases with the hot water temperature at the inlet of the MED first effect, and with the feed water flow rate. The maximum distillate production (3 m/h) was achieved at 74 °C and 9 m/h. The PR was normally lower the higher the inlet hot water temperature and it increased with the rise in the feed water flow rate from 5 to 8 m/h, decreasing at higher flow rates. The most pronounced rise was found at 68 °C where the maximum PR was obtained (11.1). Also, when the vapor temperature in the condenser is varied from 25 °C to 35 °C, the highest distillate production was found to be 3.22 m/h when the inlet hot water temperature is 74 °C, and the vapor temperature in the condenser was 25 °C. Besides, the maximum PR earned was 9.80 at a hot water inlet temperature of 66 °C when the vapor temperature in the condenser was 33 °C.
Routing Protocol based on Floyd-Warshall Algorithm Allowing Maximization of Throughput

Routing protocol based on Floyd-Warshall algorithm which allows maximization of throughput is proposed. The metric function in the proposed routing protocol is throughput including not only send packets but also retransmission packets in order for improving effectiveness and efficiency of the network in concern. Through simulation studies, it is found that the proposed routing protocol is superior to the conventional Open Shortest Path First: OSPF based on Dijkstra algorithm for shortest path determination from the point of view of maximizing throughput. A routing protocol for Virtual Private Network (VPN) in Autonomous System (AS) based on maximizing throughput is proposed. Through a comparison between the proposed protocol and the existing protocols, OSPF (Widely used), it is also found that the required time for transmission of packets from one node to another node of the proposed protocol is 56.54% less than that of the OSPF protocol.
Hakea, the world's most sclerophyllous genus, arose in southwestern Australian heathland and diversified throughout Australia over the past 12million years

Hakea (Proteaceae) currently comprises over 150 species, with two-thirds confined to south-western Australia (SWA) and the remainder spread throughout Australia, especially along the eastern coast. We constructed a time-based molecular phylogeny for the genus and used area-assignment techniques to trace its biogeographic history. According to our area-cladogram analysis, there is a 95% probability that Hakea arose 18 million years ago (Ma) in the sandplains of SWA. From 12 Ma, the genus speciated and migrated into forest and onto granite outcrops within SWA, into the drier centre and then continued to the maritime forests of eastern Australia (EA) 3000 km away, and north-east to savanna grasslands. The Nullarbor Plain was an obstacle but it did not prevent eastward migration. Twelve west➔east, apparently allopatric, speciation events are identified that coincided with glacial maxima, but more likely represent sympatric speciation in SWA or central Australia, followed by further migration and speciation➔extinction➔speciation events across central to EA. During the period from 8 to 1 Ma, net speciation has been linear and strong in the sclerophyll shrublands of SWA and, to a lesser extent, the sclerophyll forests of EA. Four lines of evidence (historical distribution of sclerophyllous Proteaceae, historical subjection to aridity, species diversification patterns, relative allocation of drought-adapted traits) support our area-cladogram results that Hakea originated in SWA and gradually spread to all parts of Australia as suitable nutrient-impoverished, and open drought- and fire-prone habitats became available.
Attenuation of Agglomeration Economies: Evidence from the Universe of Chinese Manufacturing Firms

This paper examines the industry-specific attenuation speed of agglomeration economies and its interplay with the large presence of state-owned enterprises in China. We achieve this focus by taking advantage of unique geo-coded administrative data on the universe of Chinese manufacturing firms. The full-spectrum analysis also allows us to assess the goodness of fit of various spatial decay functional forms and to systematically evaluate the micro-foundations that govern the decay patterns across industry types. We obtain three main findings. First, agglomeration economies attenuate sharply with spatial distance in China, with large heterogeneity in the attenuation speed across ownership and industry types. Second, the spatial decay speed is positively linked with proxies for knowledge spillovers and labor market pooling but negatively linked with proxies for input sharing and the share of the state sector. Last, the inverse square distance decay function presents the best goodness of fit among the tested functional forms.
Avian malaria in the montane tropics

Understanding the unequal distribution of life on earth is a fundamental goal of ecology and evolutionary biology. Past efforts to explain large-scale patterns in diversity have tended to focus on two broad classes of explanation, one invoking the importance of abiotic factors (i.e. climate and vegetation) and the other biotic (i.e. competition); but neither has proven entirely adequate. Parasites are a major but poorly understood component of life that may offer some answers. Yet despite widespread theoretical support and some empirical evidence, the role of parasites in explaining patterns in the diversity, distribution, and abundance of species remains largely untested in natural communities. In this thesis I use a mega-diverse elevation gradient of birds as a model system to study the role of avian malaria in explaining these macroecological patterns. In the first data chapter I tested the extent to which patterns of infection across species is predictable. I found that the effects of host ecology and environment were weakly related to infection prevalence and were not consistent across different malaria lineages. Instead, I show that hosts coexisting with many close phylogenetic relatives consistently experience higher infection than evolutionarily distinct host species. In the second chapter I tested if parasite sharing may help explain these observed relationships and show that parasite sharing among host pairs declines with the time since divergence. Spatial contiguity between host pairs was also positively associated with parasite sharing. In the third chapter I tested how infection prevalence varies across species ranges in accordance with expected variation in host abundance. I show that birds are more likely to be infected at the centre of their elevation range, where host abundance is expected to be highest. Intriguingly, I also found that the incidence of host infection is unrelated to the position within the geographic range of the parasite. In the fourth data chapter, I tested whether parasites may regulate diversity by limiting geographic ranges of their hosts through ‘apparent competition’ in which a non-lethal parasite in a primary host, may be lethal in a secondary host. In support of this, I found that more observed bird ranges end at parasite infection zones than would be expected by chance. Taken together, my results suggest that parasites may play a major role in shaping patterns in the distribution and diversity of species, over both ecological and evolutionary scales. This is likely to arise and be maintained by host parasite interactions in which distantly related hosts are less likely to be infected by local parasites than close relatives, thus promoting the build up of diversity locally. On the basis of my analyses, I conclude that across montane elevation gradients in birds, and across diversity gradients more generally, parasites are likely to play a crucial role in the origin and maintenance of high biological diversity .
Reflection of Undergraduate Students on Translation Process: An Outlook of Translation Teaching in University

The research attempted to recognize students’ comprehension in adopting a set of procedures in the translation process compared to the translation-professional choices in real-situation. Thus, two sets of questionnaires were provided for students and professional translators. The qualitative method was employed in conducting the research. The first questionnaire enabled students to express their feelings, thoughts, and ideas concerning the translation course and process. This reflection revealed the students’ strategies, interests, and motivation in attending the course. It also allowed the student to see the importance and benefit of the course. On the other hand, the second questionnaire drew some insight into professional translators’ choice in doing a translation, particularly on strategy in dealing with texts. Those finding provides an opportunity for teachers to identify the students’ needs in learning and practicing the translation as close as the professional does and finally to find the best approach in teaching translation.
Entrepreneurial Spirit: Acceptance and Adoption of E-Commerce in the Health Sector in Kenya

Competition from large businesses threatens the existence of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Kenya. However, with the acceptance and adoption of e-commerce SMEs can compete with the established businesses in both local and global markets, but recent studies indicate a worrying trend on adoption of e-commerce by health related SMEs in Kenya. This research tested the effect of three contextual variables that is individual, technological, and external environmental variables on the adoption of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) by SMEs in the health sector in Kenya. A cross-sectional survey design was used, and 172 semi-structured questionnaires were administered to the end-users. A Logit regression was applied in analyzing the influence of the three contextual factors on acceptance and adoption of ICT by SMEs. Results indicated that age, CEO’s ICT knowledge, relative advantage, government policies on ICT applications, and pressure from suppliers and customers were the main determinants of ICT adoption. The study recommended that government should develop a differentiated ICT policy and incorporate compulsory training in computer applications in the national school curriculum. In addition, SMEs should set a mechanism for monitoring the changes in technological innovations as the electronic marketplace evolves. Keywords— Entrepreneurship, SMEs, ICT, e-commerce, adoption, acceptance, use and e-health.
Stakeholder-Formed Organizations and Crisis Communication: Analyzing Discourse of Renewal with a Non-Offending Organization

Scholars have examined the ways organizations practice post-crisis communication strategies, including deny, diminish, and rebuild. The current study explores the extent to which a stakeholder-formed organization utilizes post-crisis discourse of renewal to rebuild, recover, and renew the Catholic Church after allegations of sexual abuse of minors publicly surfaced in the United States. Open-ended semi-structured interviews with founders and executive committee members of Leadership Roundtable revealed stakeholders practiced discourse of renewal to help the Catholic Church, an offending organization, recover from a crisis. This study also assessed the extent to which God and religion motivated stakeholders’ responses. Results suggest religion is a critical motivating factor in stakeholders’ responses to a crisis. No organization is exempt from experiencing a crisis. Accidental, intentional, and victim crises occur regardless of the organization’s purpose, size, or preparedness (Coombs, 2007). Religious organizations and institutions are no exception (Barth, 2010). The Catholic Church has experienced a number of crises from sexual abuse (Barth, 2010), abuse of power (Keenan, 2012) to mismanagement of funds (Kirchgaessner, 2015). One crisis in particular, the revelation of sexual abuse of minors at the hands of the Church’s clergy, has received exceptional attention from Nicholson School of Communication and Media University of Central Florida www.jicrcr. com JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL CRISIS AND RISK COMMUNICATION RESEARCH 2020, VOL 3, NO 2, 243–274 https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.3. 2.5 CONTACT Jordan Morehouse • Email: jlmoreh@clemson.edu • Clemson University, 408 Strode Tower, Clemson, SC 29634, USA © 2020 by Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research. All rights reserved.
University of Groningen The impact of the intensity of fear on patient's delay regarding health care seeking behavior Dubayova,

Objectives This systematic review focuses on the role of the intensity of fear in patient’s delay in cancer and in myocardial infarction. Methods In a search of literature published between 1990 and June 2009, 161 articles were found. After the use of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 articles in cancer and 4 articles in myocardial infarction remained. Results High levels of fear are associated with earlier help-seeking in both diseases; for low levels of fear, the picture is unclear. Conclusion The level of fear is an important factor, which should be taken into account when facilitating helpseeking by patients.
Growth response of three important differentially water stress tolerant species during early stage of growth

The differential growth response of three early successional species Albizzia lebbeck, Acacia nilotica and Prosopis cineraria were studied with stress imposed at early growth stages. Seedlings of the three species raised in pots were subjected to four watering frequencies i.e. daily (M0), after 5 day's (M1), after 10 day's (M2) and after 15 day's intervals (M3). Various observations for growth parameters including plant height, stem-diameter, number of leaves and leaf area were studied after the seedlings had established for one month. Dry weight was estimated at the end of twelve month experimental period. The response to moisture availability by three species possessing different reproductive strategies was investigated to determine the implications of using moisture availability to manipulate plant growth and response breadth. The suppression caused by water stress is greater in Albizzia lebbeck and least in Prosopis cineraria. The water holding capacity was highest in Prosopis cineraria and lowest in Albizzia lebbeck. In terms of response breadth a wider response was observed in Prosopis cineraria for dry weight. These results suggest that as the availability of water decreases, the mechanism used by plants to conserve that water may become more effective in Prosopis cineraria.
Assessing Vietnamese Text Readability using Multi-Level Linguistic Features

Text readability is the problem of determining whether a text is suitable for a certain group of readers, and thus building a model to assess the readability of text yields great significance across the disciplines of science, publishing, and education. While text readability has attracted attention since the late nineteenth century for English and other popular languages, it remains relatively underexplored in Vietnamese. Previous studies on this topic in Vietnamese have only focused on the examination of shallow word-level features using surface statistics such as frequency and ratio. Hence, features at higher levels like sentence structure and meaning are still untapped. In this study, we propose the most comprehensive analysis of Vietnamese text readability to date, targeting features at all linguistic levels, ranging from the lexical and phrasal elements to syntactic and semantic factors. This work pioneers the investigation on the effects of multi-level linguistic features on text readability in the Vietnamese language.
Insights into the recurrent energetic eruptions that drive Awu, among the deadliest volcanoes on Earth

Abstract. The little-known Awu volcano (Sangihe Islands, Indonesia) is among the deadliest, with a cumulative death toll of 11 048. In less than 4 centuries, 18 eruptions were recorded, including two VEI 4 and three VEI 3 eruptions with worldwide impacts. The regional geodynamic setting is controlled by a divergent-double-subduction collision and an arc–arc collision. In that context, the slab stalls in the mantle, undergoes an increase in temperature, and becomes prone to melting, a process that sustained the magmatic supply. Awu also has the particularity of hosting alternatively and simultaneously a lava dome and a crater lake throughout its activity. The lava dome passively erupted through the crater lake and induced strong water evaporation from the crater. A conduit plug associated with this dome emplacement subsequently channeled the gas emission to the crater wall. However, with the lava dome cooling, the high annual rainfall eventually reconstituted the crater lake and created a hazardous situation on Awu. Indeed with a new magma injection, rapid pressure buildup may pulverize the conduit plug and the lava dome, allowing lake water injection and subsequent explosive water–magma interaction. The past vigorous eruptions are likely induced by these phenomena, possible scenarios for future events.
Quantitation of Phenolic Compounds Related to Antioxidant and Antiosteoporosis Activities in Ripe and Unripe Maesil (Prunus mume)

The fruits of Prunus mume, maesil (Rosaceae), have been widely used as a valuable source of foods and herbal medicines from ancient times in Northeast Asia. Specially, phenolic compounds of main compounds in maesil were reported to have various activities. This study aims to develop the simultaneous analytical method of nine phenolic compounds in maesil and to evaluate these compound contents in samples during the ripeness. Twenty-one species of samples and nine phenolic compounds were used for this study. In results, compounds 1–9 contents in unripe fruits were 0.16∼1.81 mg/g. However, these compounds in ripe samples were 0.09∼1.66 mg/g. Compounds 1–9 contents in ripe fruits were generally reduced rather than those in unripe fruits. Otherwise, the contents of compounds 2, 5, 8, and 9 in seed part were relatively higher than those in flesh part. In contrast, contents of compounds 1, 3, and 7 in flesh part were relatively higher than those in seed part. Generally, the contents of compounds 1–9 in unripe fruits were higher than those in ripe fruits. However, the contents of compounds 1–9 in each part (seed and fresh) of fruits were different according to species of compounds. It indicates that the selection of harvesting time and process part of fruits as the source of foods and medicines is important.
Impacts of Earnings Quality and Debt Maturity on Investment Efficiency: Study Case in Vietnam

The paper analyzed the impact of earnings quality (EQ), debt maturity, investment efficiency (IE) of listed companies on Vietnam stock market thanks to the regression methods of FEM, REM and GLS and data of enterprises in the period of 2010 - 2018. The research findings have shown that EQ and debt maturity have a positive impact on EI, in which EQ has a stronger influence than debt maturity. A review of both EQ and the debt maturity for overinvestment or underinvestment indicated a positive impact and the stronger impact on overinvestment. Based on the research findings, the authors have put forth several recommendations for investors, businesses and policy makers.
ATTITUDES OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS TOWARDS THE ELDERLY

Material and Methods: Participants of this descriptive study are family physicians working actively in primary care. Data were collected through the software program, between January and June 2018. The link to the questionnaire was sent to the participants via e-mail. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: the sociodemographic data and University of California at Los Angeles Geriatrics Attitude (UCLA-GA) scale.
In vitro screening of the anticancer activity of marine and soil-derived fungi extracts and compounds used alone and combined with doxorubicin:evaluation of the anticancer properties of fungi extracts and compounds alone and in combination with doxorubicin in lung cancer cells

s published in international peer-reviewed journals Castro-Carvalho, B. , Ramos, A. , Prata-Sena, M. , Dethoup, T. , Buttachon, S. , Kijjoa, A. , & Rocha, E. (2014). Extracts from the marine fungus Neosartorya tsunodae and the soil fungus Neosartorya fischeri exhibit anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in human cancer cell lines. Planta Medica, 80(16), P1N32. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1394622 Ramos, A. , Moreira, M. , Castro-Carvalho, B. , Prata-Sena, M. , Dethoup, T. , Buttachon, S. , Kijjoa, A. , Rocha, E. (2014). Marine-derived fungi extracts increase doxorubicin's cytotoxic effect in lung cancer cells. Planta Medica, 80(16), P1N25. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1394615