Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
B meson decays to charmless meson pairs containing (cid:1) or (cid:1) 0 mesons

We present updated measurements of the branching fractions for B 0 meson decays to (cid:1)K 0 , (cid:1)(cid:1) , (cid:1)(cid:2) , (cid:1)! , (cid:1) 0 K 0 , (cid:1) 0 (cid:1) 0 , (cid:1) 0 (cid:2) , and (cid:1) 0 ! , and branching fractions and CP -violating charge asymmetries for B þ decays to (cid:1)(cid:3) þ , (cid:1)K þ , (cid:1) 0 (cid:3) þ , and (cid:1) 0 K þ . The data represent the full data set of 467 (cid:1) 10 6 B (cid:1) B pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e þ e (cid:2) collider at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Besides large signals for the four charged B decay modes and for B 0 ! (cid:1) 0 K 0 , we ﬁnd evidence for three B 0 decay modes at greater than 3 : 0 (cid:4) signiﬁcance. We ﬁnd B ð B 0 ! (cid:1)K 0 Þ ¼ ð 1 : 15 þ 0 : 43 (cid:2) 0 : 38 (cid:3) 0 : 09 Þ (cid:1) 10 (cid:2) 6 , B ð B 0 ! (cid:1)! Þ ¼ ð 0 : 94 þ 0 : 35 (cid:2) 0 : 30 (cid:3) 0 : 09 Þ (cid:1) 10 (cid:2) 6 , B ð B 0 ! (cid:1) 0 ! Þ ¼ ð 1 : 01 þ 0 : 46 (cid:2) 0 : 38 (cid:3) 0 : 09 Þ (cid:1) 10 (cid:2) 6 , where the ﬁrst (second) uncertainty is statistical (systematic). For the B þ ! (cid:1)K þ decay mode, we measure the charge asymmetry A ch ð B þ ! (cid:1)K þ Þ ¼ (cid:2) 0 : 36 (cid:3) 0 : 11 (cid:3) 0 : 03 . Experimental measurements of branching fractions and CP -violating charge asymmetries in rare B decays an important role in testing the theoretical predictions of the standard model and its extensions. We report the results of branching fraction measurements for B 0 meson decays to (cid:1)K , , , , and ! ﬁnal states and of branching fraction and charge asymmetry measurements for B þ decays to (cid:1)(cid:3) , ,
Organisational Stages and Processes of Change for Continuous Quality Improvement in Health Care

: The healthcare sector of any region demands continuous upgrading of the ongoing processes within these organisations. The continuous quality improvement processes in healthcare organisation include the analysis of satisfaction levels of patients, improvement in performance of healthcare professionals, cost and error reduction. The continuous quality improvement processes in the healthcare sector include proactive measures, such as the introduction of important regularity documents. These regularity documents include codes of ethics for healthcare professionals and patients, and disciplinary procedures.This study aimed to analyse stages and processes of change for continuous quality improvement in health care. This study was conducted by using the mixed methodology. The sample population of 1800 individuals was selected for quantitative phase of this study, whereas, the focus group consisting of ten research participants was considered for qualitative phase of this research. The research outcomes declared positive correlation between continuous quality improvement and patient satisfaction level. Moreover, the research outcomes also declared that standardisation of the organisational procedures and adaptability of an organisation are significant components of the process of continuous quality improvement. Improvement in the use of information technology also assists in carrying out continuous quality improvement in the healthcare sector.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING AND COLLABORATIVE METHODS ON JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING OUTCOMES IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

Learner-centred methods of teaching are rarely used in most Nigerian classrooms. Pedagogic practices at the basic level of education encourage teacher-dominated methods that do not allow for students’ active participation and inculcation of behavioural changes that reflect the outcomes of learning Social studies. As a paradigm shift, the main effects of treatments (Self-directed learning, Collaborative task method and a combination of the two methods), gender and achievement motivation on the combined dependent variables of achievement in Social studies and critical thinking were investigated. Three hy potheses stated were tested at the 0.05 level of significance. A pre-test post-test non-randomised control group design was adopted in which treatments were crossed with two levels of achievement motivation and gender respectively. 223 males and 136 female students were randomly selected from 12 junior secondary schools in Oyo State. Three instruments: Academic Achievement Motivation Inventory (α = 0.83), Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (α = 0.87) and Social Studies Achievement Test (r = 0.80) were used to collect data from the participants. Using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA), Self-directed learning proved to be most significant in improving the learning of Social studies concepts, followed by a combination of Self-directed learning and Collaborative task methods while the Collab orative task method was the least effective. Gender and achievement motivation had significant effects on students’ achievement and not on critical thinking. The findings have implications for the teaching of Social studies in Nigeria. If the rationale of instruction is to enhance the acquisition of cognitive learning outcome with the teacher acting as a facilitator, then the Self-directed learning is most beneficial to stu dents followed by a combination of Self-directed learning and Collaborative task method. When students are actively involved in the teaching-learning process, their academic achievement is more enhanced, especially when a conducive environment is provided.
THE IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP

The concept of microfinance has developed rapidly since its inception in 1976. Despite its development, the impact it has on entrepreneurship is a subject of debate. Scholarly articles have recently emerged outlining that successful entrepreneurship depends on individual and household characteristics, and on the status of the microfinance loan received. This paper investigates the impact of microfinance on entrepreneurship in Kyrgyzstan using the nationally representative household survey data for 2013. Due to the endogeneity issue, we applied the binary response model with instrumental variables. After the adjustment for endogeneity, the result indicates that access to microcredit has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurship and shows there is a significant gender difference between men and women when making the decision to become an entrepreneur. Thus, men are more likely to become an entrepreneur than women. Another interesting finding is that elderly, less educated, and married individuals are more likely to be entrepreneurs. Therefore, it can be assumed that entrepreneurship in Kyrgyzstan is mostly represented by unskilled workers, many of which are unpaid family workers and self-employed who manage small trade markets, shops, and own land in order to generate income that does not require a particular education or labour skills. present study analysed the impact of microfinance on entrepreneurship. For the purpose of this study, a binary dependent IV-Probit model is estimated. Entrepreneurship is observed only if an individual owns an enterprise. The probability of an individual to be an entrepreneur is conditional on explanatory variables, such as microcredit participation and other individual and household characteristics. Estimation results show that participation in a microloan increases the probability of the individual to become an entrepreneur, showing that, in general, widespread microcredit loans in Kyrgyzstan have a positive effect on entrepreneurial activity. The results of the individual and household level characteristics show that the decision to become an entrepreneur is highly dependent not only on individual characteristics, but also on household characteristics, such as location, composition, and wealth.
Practice of Abdominal Massage as a Means of Reducing Gastric Residual Volume in Critically Ill Patients Among Nurses and Doctors in Jos University Teaching Hospital

One of the major problems of hospitalized critically ill patients is nutrition, meeting the daily nutritional requirements to prevent malnutrition and problem related to it. Early enteral feeding is recommended as first line of nutrition therapy for critically ill patients, although enteral feeding is often complicated with intolerance and aspiration as a result of high gastric residual volume. Abdominal massage is a technique used in improving digestive function. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and practice of abdominal massage as a means of reducing gastric residual volume (GRV) in critically ill patients among nurses and doctors. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional and non-experimental study. This study sample comprised 53 nurses and 20 doctors in the units where critically ill patients are kept such as Intensive Care Unit (ICU), High Dependency Unit (HDU), Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU), and Neuro-Surgery department of Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos. Questionnaire was the instrument used to elicit responses from the respondents. The study was carried out within the ambit of the range of ethics considerations. Convenient sampling technique was adopted in gaining access to the participants. Findings from this study reveal the importance of the use of abdominal massage, and the non-practice of the method in addressing abdominal problems, even though their awareness of it was high. Reasons attributable to use of other means such as aspiration of excess GRV with NG tube. There was poor knowledge of the signs of high GRV that would necessitate abdominal massage.
Three Dimensional Study of the Architecture of the Hepatocytes of The Normal Rat Liver by Scanning Electron Microscope.

The three dimensional study of the liver was an aim in the past to unraveling their complex functional mysteries . This scanning electron microscope study showed hepatocytes were polyhedral, multi faced, formed distinct plates of one cell thick. Three distinct facets of hepatocyte surfaces were clearly seen, canalicular surface, intercellular surface and sinusoidal surface. Livers fractured by fingers showed the three dimensions of hepatocytes clearly which were measured about 13Î¼m and 11Î¼m for length and width respectively. This result is on the contrary of the hepatocyte size that mentioned by the famous text books of histology and confirms the recent in vivo studies by the confocal electron microscope.
Performance assessment of the FAO AquaCrop model for soil water, soil evaporation, biomass and yield of soybeans in North China Plain

Four years of soybean experimental data observed at Daxing, North China Plain, were used to assess the ability of the AquaCrop model to predict soybean ﬁnal biomass and yield. The model was parameterized and calibrated using ﬁeld data on leaf area index (LAI), available soil water, soil evaporation, biomass and ﬁnal yield data. The model was assessed using calibrated and default parameters. Data on LAI were used to derive the fraction of ground cover and to calibrate the green canopy cover (CC) curve. An accurate cal- ibration of the CC curve was performed, with low root mean square errors (RMSE < 7.3%). Results relative to soil water balance simulations show a high variability of the predictions, thus a bias of the estimation, with R 2 ranging 0.22–0.86 and low Nash-Sutcliffe efﬁciency EF, ranging between − 0.47 and 0.82. The estimation errors were relatively high,
PRODUCING BISCUITS ENRICHED WITH VITAMIN A AND IRON BY USING SWEET POTATO AND PUMPKIN POWDER FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN.

Biscuit produced from wheat flour (WF 100%) supplemented with sweet potato powder (SPp) and pumpkin powder (Pp) at three level (5,10and15%) to enrich vitamin A and replacement sugar with black strap molasses to produce biscuits enriched with iron. The products were analyzed chemically and organoleptic evaluation was carried out. The results indicated the high contents of vitamin A found in Pumpkin powder (Pp) followed by sweet potato powder (SPp) with12663.67 and 8551.33 IU/100g respectively . As a result of supplemented sweet potato powder (SPp) and pumpkin powder (Pp) to wheat flour (WF 100%) gave higher vitamin A content ( 1041.33,1777.33,1041.33 and 1458.33 IU/100g respectively on other biscuit samples. The lowest level of vitamin A supplemented both of 10 % with sweet potato powder (SPp) and pumpkin powder (Pp) were 666.67 and 877.33 IU /100 g respectively in biscuit formula. On other hand iron content was higher in biscuit formula with black strap molasses than control. The percentage of iron content was increased from 1.40 to 5.90 mg /100g respectively for all biscuit formula. Evaluation of organoleptic properties clearly indicated the best tow samples, the supplemented with 10% sweet potato powder (SPp) and 5%pumikin powder (Pp) . showed that the best overall acceptability and ability value were (76.04 and 91.40 %), The quantities of this two chosen samples covered the daily requirement of vitamin A for children ( 9- 12 year) showed that 137.11g and 192.1g from tow best samples . Supplementing both of sweet potato and pumpkin powder to wheat flour improved protein efficiency ratio and biological value (2.91, 2.86 ,80.52, 79.99). finally, results indicated that Supplementing both of sweet potato and pumpkin powder to wheat flour at different levels with replacement sugar by black strap molasses were optimal for producing of biscuits riches in vitamin A and iron content .
Fair Collective Choice Rules: Their Origin and Relationship

This paper provides a conceptual framework on fair collective choice rules that synthesizes the studies of Goldman and Sussangkarn (1978) and Suzumura (1981) on the one hand and Tadenuma (2002, 2005) on the other. We show that both frameworks have the following binary relation as a common origin: an allocation x is at least as good as an allocation z if (i) x Pareto dominates z, or (ii) x equity-dominates z. Its transitive-closure and the strict relation derive different ranking criteria, but remarkably, with respect to the maximal elements, they have a set-inclusive relationship.
Extravasation In Vivo Ablation of CD99L2 Impairs Leukocyte Cutting Edge: Endothelial-Specific Gene

CD99-like 2 (CD99L2) is a membrane protein with moderate sequence homology to CD99, which initiates cell aggregation of transfected cells and that is strongly expressed on endothelial cells, neutrophils, and lympho-cytes. We showed recently that Abs against CD99L2 inhibit neutrophil, but not T lymphocyte, recruitment into inﬂamed tissues. In this study, we have generated conditional gene–deﬁcient mice for CD99L2 and show by analyzing them in various inﬂammation models sev-eral results. First, gene ablation of CD99L2 impairs neutrophil recruitment into inﬂamed cremaster and peritoneum. Second, despite the strong expression of CD99L2 on peripheral neutrophils, only gene ablation on endothelial cells but not on myeloid cells affects neutrophil extravasation. Third, in contrast to our previous Ab-based results, recruitment of activated T cells into inﬂamed skin was impaired in mice lacking CD99L2 on endothelial cells. We conclude that CD99L2 is an essential endothelial Ag for leukocyte extravasation, which does not require homophilic interactions with CD99L2 on leukocytes. The , 2013, 190: 000–000.
A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering – Civil and Environmental Engineering in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY

Abstract: Freeway traffic was observed over multiple days and was found to display certain regular features. Oscillations arose only in queues; they had periods of several minutes; and their amplitudes stabilized as they propagated upstream. They propagated at a nearly constant speed of about 20 to 24 kilometers per hour, independent of the location within the queues and the flow measured there; this was observed for a number of locations and for queued flows ranging from about 850 to 2,000 vehicles per hour per lane. The effects of the oscillations were not felt downstream of the bottleneck. Thus, the only effect on upstream traffic was that a queue’s tail meandered over time by small amounts. (For the long queues studied here, the tails deviated by no more than about 16 vehicle spacings, as compared with predictions that ignored the oscillations). Notably, the character of queued traffic at fixed locations did not change with time, despite the oscillations; i.e., traffic did not decay.
The Journal of Rheumatology Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) profiles in patients with incident SLE and

Objective. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) expose modified antigens for auto-antibodies in vasculitis (SVV). Little is known on levels and removal pathways of NETs in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), especially in lupus nephritis (LN). We determined circulating levels and defined NETs removal in large subsets of incident SLE patients, a part with newly onset nephritis. Methods. Serum levels of NETs (ELISA), DNase1/DNase1L3 (ELISAs) and DNase activity (functional assay) were determined in 216 incident SLE patients, 103 had incident LN, in 50 patients with other primary glomerulonephritis and in healthy controls. Ex vivo NETs production by neutrophils purified from a random selection of patients was quantified as elastase/DNA release and by immunofluorescence techniques. Results. Serum NETs were very high in iSLE/iLN compared to all groups of controls and correlated with anti-dsDNA, C3-C4 and proteinuria; incident LN had the highest levels. DNase activity was decreased in iLN compared to SLE (20% had one half DNase activity) despite similar serum levels of DNase1/DNase1L3. In these cases, pre-treatment of serum with Protein A restored DNase efficiency; one patient was homozygous for a c. 289_290delAC variant of DNASE1L3. Ex vivo NETs production by neutrophils purified from LN, SLE and normal controls was similar in all cases. c. 289_290delAC homozygous variant in DNASE1L3 early LN
Rapid Identification of Metallo- and Serine 3-Lactamases

Simple methods to detect, identify, and differentiate metallo- and serine P-lactamases were developed and used to differentiate enzymes produced by 17 clinical isolates ofXanthomonas maltophilia. All isolates exhibited I-lactamase activity, and in 16 strains this was induced by imipenem. All but one isolate hydrolyzed imipenem (and meropenem), and in all cases this activity was inhibited by 1 mM EDTA. The metallo- and serine I-lactamases in the cell extracts were distinguished on isoelectric focusing (IEF) gels by using the following procedures. (i) Cell lysates were preincubated with 83 mM EDTA prior to IEF and subsequent visualization with nitrocefin, and (ii) after IEF, the gels were overlaid with either 1 mM zinc sulfate or 100 ,uM BRL 42715 before staining with nitrocefin. Bands of I-lactamase activity which were removed by BRL 42715 but unaffected by EDTA or zinc sulfate were categorized as serine P-lactamases. Bands which were unaffected by BRL 42715 but inhibited by EDTA or enhanced by zinc sulfate were classified as metallo-,(-lactamases. By using this approach, seven metallo-4-lactamases were differentiated with pl values of 4.8 (two strains), 5.5 (four strains), 5.7 (one strain), 6.0 (one strain), 6.4 (four strains), 6.6 (one strain), and 6.8 (three strains). The metallo-,-lactamase band with a pl of 6.4 aligned with the recently characterized metallo-,3-lactamase from X. maltophilia 511. Heterogeneity was also observed for the serine P-lactamases: 14 isolates elaborated serine P-lactamase activity which focused with major bands with at least eight different pIs. The remaining three strains produced serine I-lactamases which focused with five distinct bands with pIs of 6.4, 6.2, 5.7, 5.5, and 5.2. We conclude that X. maltophilia produces many types of metallo- and serine j-lactamases distinguishable by these new methods and that the previously reported L-1 and L-2 enzymes are not solely representative of the ,-lactamases produced by this species.
Optimized design of mixed flow compressors for an active high-lift system

To support an active high-lift system (AHLS) for future civil aircraft small, electrically powered compressors are required, which exceed the current state of the art concerning stage loading and compactness. To satisfy the requirements of these compressors concerning high pressure ratio, small size, low mass, and high efficiency (high power density) an automated design process for single stage, transonic compressors is developed. This designs process couples an evolutionary optimization algorithm with automated 3-D fluid and structural simulation processes. It allows to investigate a wide compressor design space to consider the significant requirements of the active high-lift system in the aerodynamic compressor design. The resulting compressor designs cover the required operating range with total pressure ratios larger than 2.3 at a corrected mass flow of 1.1 kg/s and high total efficiencies above 85 to 90%. The compressor designs are characterized by a significant radial flow component, high endwall slope, low blade aspect ratio, and high solidity. The designs resemble mixed flow compressors but have typical characteristics of axial flow compressors like axial inand outflow. Having very high stage loading at low specific speed, the designs significantly exceed the conventional design space of mixed flow compressors. A design guideline was developed to make use of this design space extension for future design processes of similar compressors. By investigating a wide design space, it was found that there is a significant degree of freedom in the compressor design for this application. The required operating range is achieved by different compressors over a wide range of rotational speeds and sizes at high efficiency. This allows the future consideration of additional design parameters of the active high-lift system and the optimization of the overall system by purposefully selecting an appropriate compressor design. For the developed compressor type a new, characteristic flow effect is described which is defined by a flat, oval, "bubble" shaped region of low flow momentum in the tip-trailing edge region of the rotor passage. It is shown that the origin of this effect is inviscid but that its final shape is largely determined by viscous effects and the interaction with the tip clearance flow. The flow effect is inherent to the design of highly loaded compressors with high rotor trailing edge loading and high shroud slope. It does not cause significant losses and therefore does not cause a considerable performance penalty.
Pre-Analysis Plan: Salience-Driven Decoy Eﬀects in Stopping Problems

We develop an experimental design to test for decoy effects in optimal stopping problems, as predicted by salience theory of choice under risk (Bordalo et al., 2012). This experiment complements our existing work (Dertwinkel-Kalt et al., 2020) on salience effects in stopping problems. The (non-parametric) salience predictions on decoy effects that we derive (and plan to test) are inconsistent with other prominent models of choice under risk; in particular, (cumulative) prospect theory (Kahneman and Tversky, 1979; Tversky and Kahneman, 1992).