Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of Flipgrid in Improving Secondary School Teachers’ Motivation and Confidence in Speaking English

This case study sought to determine the effectiveness of Flipgrid in enhancing the speaking abilities of 20 secondary school teachers representing a variety of subject disciplines. After recording three video monologues and writing reflective journals about their practice experience, all participants responded to questionnaire and interview to express how Flipgrid affected their motivation and self-confidence in speaking English along with their perception of the platform. The interview data was analyzed using Nvivo software by utilizing In Vivo coding. Then, the analysis result was triangulated with the questionnaire. It was concluded that Flipgrid was suitable for participants with English basic proficiency. It also assisted those with intermediate and advanced levels to practice speaking English independently. All participants were motivated due to the excitement, enjoyment, challenge, and self-assurance to speak more effectively. It affected their confidence because their pronunciation, vocabulary, fluency, and grammar improved. Despite minor obstacles in operating Flipgrid, it was considered effective due to its accessibility, helpfulness, and friendliness. This research revealed that using Flipgrid and combining it with face-to-face learning would be a good way to practice speaking English and in future studies, the efficacy of these two strategies would be worth investigated.
The nature of photochromism in chlorosodalites from optical data

Methods have been devised for the preparation of pure and doped (S, Se, Te) chlorosodalites. Optical data are presented which are at variance with the accepted mechanism for photochromism in these materials (i.e. the presence of an S22- ion). Intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms which depend upon the formation of an F centre in conjunction with an O2- ion on a chlorine vacancy site are proposed. Similar mechanisms involving S, Se and Te may occur, and it is possible that more complex ions are involved.
DETERMINANTAL SOLUTION OF THE FREDHOLM EQUATION WITH GREEN'S FUNCTION KERNEL

The Fredholm integral equation with a Green's function type of kernel has been transformed by Drukarev into an equivalent Volterra equation. It is now proven that the Neumann series solution of the Volterra equation yields the determinantal solution of the Fredholm equation. Thus, a Born approximation technique suffices to obtain the full Fredholm solution.
HELICOIDAL SURFACES WITH PRESCRIBED CURVATURES IN Nil3

In the present paper, we study helicoidal surfaces in the 3-dimensional Heisenberg group Nil3. Also, we construct helicoidal surfaces in Nil3 with prescribed Gaussian curvature or mean curvature given by smooth functions. As the results, we classify helicoidal surfaces with constant Gaussian curvature or constant mean curvature.
The Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality compared to enhanced treatment as usual for inpatients who are suicidal: A randomized controlled trial

Background Although use of inpatient crisis hospital intervention for suicide risk is common, the evidence for inpatient treatments that reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviors is remarkably limited. To address this need, this novel feasibility pilot randomized controlled trial compared the use of the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) to enhanced treatment as usual (E-TAU) within a standard acute inpatient mental health care setting. Objectives We hypothesized that CAMS would be more effective than E-TAU in reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors. As secondary outcomes we also investigated depressive symptoms, general symptom burden, reasons for living, and quality of the therapeutic relationship. Methods All patients were admitted due to acute suicidal thoughts or behaviors. They were randomly assigned to CAMS (n = 43) or E-TAU (n = 45) and assessed at four time points (admission, discharge, 1 month and 5 months after discharge). We used mixed-effects models, effect sizes, and reliable change analyses to compare improvements across and between treatment groups over time. Results Intent-to-treat analyses of 88 participants [mean age 32.1, SD = 13.5; n = 47 (53%) females] showed that both groups improved over time across all outcome measures with no significant between-group differences in terms of change in suicidal ideation, depression, reasons for living, and distress. However, CAMS showed larger effect sizes across all measures; for treatment completers CAMS patients showed significant improvement in suicidal ideation (p = 0.01) in comparison to control patients. CAMS patients rated the therapeutic relationship significantly better (p = 0.02) than E-TAU patients and were less likely to attempt suicide within 4 weeks after discharge (p = 0.05). Conclusions CAMS and E-TAU were both effective in reducing suicidal thoughts and symptom distress. Within this feasibility RCT the pattern of results was generally supportive of CAMS suggesting that inpatient use of CAMS is both feasible and promising. However, our preliminary results need further replication within well-powered multi-site randomized controlled trials. Trial registration DRKS-ID/ICTRP-ID: DRKS00013727. The trial was retrospectively registered in the German Clinical Trials Register, registration code/ DRKS-ID: DRKS00013727 on 12.01. 2018 and also in the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform of the World Health Organization (identical registration code).
On the Stability of Rotating Systems

We consider small vibrations of rotating systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom. We give an almost complete characterisation of the stability of these systems for large angular velocities. The criterion is the positive definiteness or indefiniteness of the ”effective stiffness” matrix, obtained by averaging the original, asymetric stiffness around the rotation axis. The effective stiffness may be positive definite even if the original stiffness is not. Its eigenfrequencies are shown to determine the behaviour of the real eigenfrequencies in the large angular velocity limit. The threshold of the upper stability region is determined by the highest eigenfrequency of the (possibly unstable) non-rotating system. Moreover, the coincidence of the rotation frequency with any of the frequencies of the non-rotating system almost always produces instability. We consider special gyroscopic systems (e.g. rotating shafts), described by the linear differential equation ([3], 5.6) [ M 0 0 M ] [ ẍ y ] + 2ξ [ 0 −M M 0 ] [ ẋ ẏ ] +W [ x y ] − ξ [ M 0 0 M ] [ x y ] = 0 . (1) Here M (the mass matrix) is symmetric and positive definite of order n, ξ > 0 is the angular velocity of the rotating system and W = [ W11 W12 W T 12 W22 ] is the stiffness matrix. The stiffness matrix describes the strain as well as the axial load and is symmetric but not necessarily positive definite. Some results concerning the stability of such systems were obtained in [5], [6], [4], [1] and [2]. In particular, [6], [1] and [2] are applicable to the systems of the form (1) with W − ξ [ M 0 0 M ] (2) negative definite. In this paper we consider our gyroscopic system as a function of the parameter ξ and ask under which conditions on M and W the system will be Ljapunov stable for ξ large enough. ∗Fernuniversitat Hagen, Lehrgebiet Math. Physik, Postfach 940, 5800 Hagen 1, Germany. e-mail: MA704@DHAFEU11.BITNET
Clinical characteristics and overall survival prognostic nomogram for metaplastic breast cancer

Background Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare breast tumor and the prognostic factors for survival in patients still remain controversial. This study aims to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with MBC. Methods We searched the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for data about patients including metaplastic breast cancer and infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) from 2010 to 2018. The survival outcomes of patients between MBC and IDC were analyzed and compared with the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method. MBC patients were randomly allocated to the training set and validation I set by a ratio of eight to two. Meanwhile, the performance of this model was validated again by the validation II set, which consisted of MBC patients from the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University between 2010 and 2018. The independent prognostic factors were selected by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The nomogram was constructed to predict individual survival outcomes for MBC patients. The discriminative power, calibration, and clinical effectiveness of the nomogram were evaluated by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the decision curve analysis (DCA). Results MBC had a significantly higher T stage (T2 and above accounting for 75.1% vs 39.9%), fewer infiltrated lymph nodes (N0 accounted for 76.2% vs 67.7%), a lower proportion of ER (22.2% vs 81.2%), PR (13.6% vs 71.4%), and HER-2(6.7% vs 17.7%) positive, radiotherapy(51.6% vs 58.0%) but more chemotherapy(67.5% vs 44.7%), and a higher rate of mastectomy(53.2% vs 36.8%), which was discovered when comparing the clinical baseline data between MBC and IDC. Age at diagnosis, T, N, and M stage, as well as surgery and radiation treatment, were all significant independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). In the validation I cohort, the nomogram’s C-index (0.769 95% CI 0.710 -0.828) was indicated to be considerably higher than the standard AJCC model’s (0.700 95% CI 0.644 -0.756). Nomogram’s great predictive capability capacity further was supported by the comparatively high C-index of the validation II sets (0.728 95%CI 0.588-0.869). Conclusions Metaplastic breast cancer is more aggressive, with a worse clinical prognosis than IDC. This nomogram is recommended for patients with MBC, both American and Chinese, which can help clinicians make more accurate individualized survival analyses.
Detection of Large Water Clusters by a Low rf Quadrupole Mass Filter

A quadrupole mass filter with a radio frequency of 650 kc was used to detect large clusters in supersonic water jets. Numerous water cluster ions in the form of H(H2O)n+, where n = 1 to 180 corresponding to mass 19 to 3241 amu, are observed.
The use of fibre reinforced polymer composites for construction of structural supercapacitors: a review

Fibre reinforced polymer plays an important role in many fields, especially in aviation and civil industries where lightweight design is a crucial factor. Over the past two decades, there has been extensive research on the development of multifunctional fibre reinforced composite structures which can fulfil several secondary functions besides its structural role. As a result, structural energy storage composites have been developing rapidly which can sustain electrochemical energy storage as well as structural load-bearing. Among the many structural energy storage composites, structural supercapacitor composites (structural supercapacitors) have attracted the attention of many researchers. This article provides an up-to-date review on the development of structural supercapacitors, which can be integrated into structural fibre reinforced polymeric components. Specifically, an outline is given of the development of carbon fibre fabric based structural supercapacitors, with the focus on various surface activations for performance improvement. Moreover, the recent development in critical components of structural supercapacitors, such as solid electrolytes and separators, is also highlighted. The limitations and challenges for the development of structural supercapacitors are also incorporated. Lastly, the novel fabrication processes and designs for future development are critically discussed. This article will help engineering and scientific communities to gain concise knowledge of structural supercapacitors.
High-Efficiency Wide-Angle Scanning Mechanoelectrical Hybrid Phased Array Antenna With Mechanically Reconfigurable Element Pattern

In this letter, a high-efficiency wide-angle scanning mechanoelectrical hybrid phased array antenna with mechanically reconfigurable element pattern is proposed. The proposed array is composed of several linear array panels, which can be mechanically rotated. In contrast to conventional hybrid scanning arrays, it rotates in the elevation plane with only three fixed states enabling quick beam switching capabilities, rather than constantly rotating in the azimuth plane. The optimal element's half-power beamwidth (HPBW) and panel rotation angle are examined in this letter to produce the best scanning range and gain performance in the rotation plane for the array. As a prototype, an 8 × 8 array formed by an equivalent magnetic dipole patch antenna, whose HPBW is properly designed to satisfy the optimal value, is configured and fabricated. Both simulated and experimental results show that the proposed array can scan its main beam from −67° to 67° in the yoz-plane, −75° to 75° in the xoz-plane, and its 3 dB beam coverage reaches ±82°, ±90° in the two planes. Additionally, the peak efficiency of the array can reach 75%.
Optical force on a pair of concentric spheres in a focused laser beam: ray-optics regime

The photon stream method is used to derive the optical force on a pair of concentric spheres in a focused beam. The effects of the differences in refractive index and relative size between the inner and outer spheres on the optical force are evaluated. In addition, the effects of total internal reflection at the interface between the inner and outer spheres are examined. Computational results are compared with previous findings. The present method can be applied to arbitrary intensity distributions of the laser beam.
Spiral arm amplitude variations and pattern speeds in the grand design galaxies M51, M81, and M100

In the modal theory of galactic spiral structure, the amplitude of a prominent two-arm spiral pattern should oscillate slightly with galactocentric distance because of an interference between the outward and inward propagating waves. In the stellar dynamical theory, the spiral arm amplitudes should oscillate because of differential crowding near and between wave-orbit resonances. Two and three cycles of such oscillations have been found in computer-enhanced images at B and I passbands of the grand design galaxies M81 and M100, respectively, and what is probably one cycle of such an amplitude variation in M51. These three galaxies are the most symmetric and global of the two-arm spirals in the near-IR survey of Elmegreen (1981), so the occurrence of such spiral amplitude oscillations could be common among galaxies of this type. The positions of the features discussed are used to suggest possible arm pattern speeds. 23 refs.
Application of multilevel preconditioners to finite element magnetostatic problems

Iterative methods based ran Xu's Multilevel Preconditioners (MP) for finite element problems have recently been studied in mathematical literature. For these methods the number of iterations grows only as a logarithm of the number of nodes. Therefore for fine meshes the MP method is faster than more traditional algorithms (such as ICCG or Nested Dissection). The present paper examines practical application of MP and shows the importance of weighting factors and of the inverse operator at the coarsest level. Numerical examples for test and real-life problems are presented. >
Computational Cartographic Recognition: Identifying Maps, Geographic Regions, and Projections from Images Using Machine Learning

Map reading is a challenging task for computer programs. This article explores how artificial intelligence and machine learning methods can be used to understand maps, an area we broadly refer to as computational cartographic recognition. Specifically, we use machine learning methods to (1) identify whether an image is a map, (2) recognize the geographic region on the map, and (3) recognize the projection used on the map. Four machine learning models—support vector machine, multilayer perceptrons, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) developed from scratch using our own architecture (CNNS), and pretrained CNN models through transfer learning (CNNT)—are applied in these tasks. We use 2,200 online map images, 500 nonmap images, and 1,050 synthetic map images to train and evaluate the models. Results show that the CNNT models achieve the highest performance among all models, with an accuracy rate above 90 percent for the tasks. The CNNS models come in second. We also conduct a round of stress tests using 3,600 additional synthetic maps where the shape and layout are systematically distorted and test if the models can still identify the maps and recognize the region and projection on the maps. The results of the stress tests show that the models can reliably recognize some of the modified maps even when exhibiting performance inferior to even random models for other maps. This unpredictable nature of the methods when applied to maps that are not represented in the training data suggests both promises and limitations of the current machine learning approaches to cartographic recognition.
Radiation boundary conditions for dispersive waves

The author develops radiation boundary conditions for the numerical modeling of dispersive waves. During the construction of such boundary conditions, the goal is to simulate the outward radiation of waves near an artificial computational boundary. The velocities of the outgoing waves are typically involved in processes of this nature. A central problem in the dispersive case is that two different types of velocities are present, phase velocity and group velocity, and each can vary with wavenumber and frequency. With the boundary conditions developed in this paper, the user needs to specify some parameters; in the cases that are emphasized here, the parameters can be interpreted in terms of phase velocities of waves that are absorbed exactly at the computational boundary. The amount of reflected error is a continuous function of the parameters, and the performance of the boundary conditions is not sensitive to the choice of parameters. Good performance is obtained in numerical tests involving data that ha.
Implementation, Dosimetric Assessment, and Treatment Validation of Knowledge-Based Planning (KBP) Models in VMAT Head and Neck Radiation Oncology

The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge-based treatment planning (KBP) models in terms of their dosimetry and deliverability and to investigate their clinical benefits. Three H&N KBP models were built utilizing RapidPlan™, based on the dose prescription, which is given according to the planning target volume (PTV). The training set for each model consisted of 43 clinically acceptable volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans. Model quality was assessed and compared to the delivered treatment plans using the homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), structure dose difference (PTV, organ at risk—OAR), monitor units, MU factor, and complexity index. Model deliverability was assessed through a patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) gamma index-based analysis. The dosimetric assessment showed better OAR sparing for the RapidPlan™ plans and for the low- and high-risk PTV, and the HI, and CI were comparable between the clinical and RapidPlan™ plans, while for the intermediate-risk PTV, CI was better for clinical plans. The 2D gamma passing rates for RapidPlan™ plans were similar or better than the clinical ones using the 3%/3 mm gamma-index criterion. Monitor units, the MU factors, and complexity indices were found to be comparable between RapidPlan™ and the clinical plans. Knowledge-based treatment plans can be safely adapted into clinical routines, providing improved plan quality in a time efficient way while minimizing user variability.
Effects of Slip on Unsteady Mixed Convective Flow and Heat Transfer Past a Stretching Surface

Unsteady mixed convective boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a stretching vertical surface in the presence of slip are investigated. It is noted that fluid velocity decreases due to the increasing velocity slip parameter resulting in an increase in the temperature field. The rate of heat transfer decreases with the velocity slip parameter while it increases with unsteadiness parameter. The same feature is also noticed for thermal slip parameter.
Optimal Fighter Pursuit-Evasion Maneuvers Found via Two-Sided Optimization

An optimal pursuit-evasion fighter maneuver is formulated as a differential game and then solved by a recently developed numerical method, semidirect collocation with nonlinear programming. In this method, the optimal control for one player is found numerically, that is, by the optimizer, but that for the other player is based on the analytical necessary conditions of the problem. Because this requires costate variables for one player, the method is not a direct method. However, the problem can be placed in the form of conventional collocation with nonlinear programming. Thus, it is referred to it as a semidirect method. A genetic algorithm is used to provide an approximate solution, an initial guess, for the nonlinear programming problem solver. The method is applied to the challenging problem of optimal fighter aircraft pursuit-evasion in three dimensions. The obtained optimal trajectories are identified as having two phases: first a rapid change, primarily in direction, followed by a period of primarily vertical maneuvering. Solutions for various initial positions and velocities of the evader aircraft with respect to the pursuer are determined.
Post hoc depression analysis from a pharmacist-led diabetes trial

Introduction Diabetes and depression may present concurrently, and clinical pharmacists are well equipped to manage these conditions. Clinical pharmacists were grant funded to implement a diabetes-focused randomized controlled trial in a Federally Qualified Health Center. The objective of this analysis is to evaluate if glycemic control and depressive symptoms improve for patients with diabetes and depression with additional management from clinical pharmacists compared with those receiving the standard of care. Methods This is a post hoc subgroup analysis of a diabetes-focused randomized controlled trial. Pharmacists enrolled patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a glycated hemoglobin (A1C) greater than 8% and randomly assigned them to 1 of 2 cohorts, one managed by the primary care provider alone and one with additional care from the pharmacist. Pharmacists completed encounters with patients who have T2DM with or without depression to comprehensively optimize pharmacotherapy while tracking glycemic and depressive outcomes throughout the study. Results A1C improved from baseline to 6 months in patients with depressive symptoms who received additional care from pharmacists by −2.4 percentage points (SD, 2.41) compared with a −0.1 percentage point (SD, 1.78) reduction in the control arm (P .0081), and there was no change in depressive symptoms. Discussion Patients with T2DM and depressive symptoms experienced better diabetes outcomes with additional pharmacist management compared with a similar cohort of patients with depressive symptoms, managed independently by primary care providers. These patients with diabetes and comorbid depression received a higher level of engagement and care from the pharmacists, which led to more therapeutic interventions.
Propagation Velocity of Turbulent Slugs and Streaks in Transition Pipe Flow

Taking account of experimental observations on the transition process, an elementary theory is developed for estimation of propagation velocity of the rear end of turbulent slugs and streaks which constitute a major feature of the transition process in pipe flow. The theory gives a lower propagation velocity than observed experimentally within the lower range of transition Reynolds numbers while at higher Reynolds numbers the theory gives a value about 7% higher than obtained experimentally. These deviations are due to approximations in the analysis which cannot be avoided at the present level of information on the structure of turbulent shear.