Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drying of Foamed Biological Materials: Opportunities and Challenges

An overview is provided on hot air drying of foamed materials in a thin layer (foam-mat drying), foam-spray drying, microwave-assisted drying of liquid foams, as well as microwave drying of frozen foams with and without dielectric solid inserts, used as complementary heat sources. In particular, the mechanisms of heat and moisture transport during the drying of foams are identified. The effects of foam characteristics (e.g., foam density and stability) and drying conditions (temperature, air velocity) on drying kinetics and product quality are examined, and the differences between the drying of non-foamed and foamed materials are discussed.
Identity Construction through Code-Switching Practices at a University in Pakistan

Code-switching can be used to express and create different meanings and ideologies, as well as different identities. Speakers can choose various codes in their linguistic repertoires to do these things. In academic settings in Pakistan, English is likely to be used with Urdu and regional languages, such as Pashto, resulting in the expression and construction of different identities. In order to examine the link between code-switching and identity in a multilingual academic setting, this paper examines the construction of identity that emerges from code-switching practices among a group of lecturers and students at a university in Pakistan. Data were collected through recordings of interactions supplemented with semi-structured interviews, which were then ethnographically analysed from a micro-macro perspective. The findings revealed a seamless and dynamic use of code - switching, which was mainly in English and Pashto. The fluid nature of the code - switching makes it seem as if speakers have developed a different ‘language’ combining Pashto and English. Such use of code-switching reflects their socialisation in a multilingual and multicultural environment, which in turn, has led to the emergence of their hybrid identity orientations. The study contributes empirical evidence of the link between code - switching and hybrid identities in a multilingual context. The findings also imply that interactive practices should be examined from a dynamic micro-macro perspective because changes in the social environment can affect the thinking, perceptions, behaviours, and identity-orientations of the speakers.
Designing Performance Systems in Anticipation of Unintended Consequences: Experiences and Lessons From the Compstat-Based Performance Regime in NYPD

Scholars have long documented the unintended consequences of performance systems, but insufficient attention is paid to the drivers of such consequences and the ways of mitigating them. This article contributes to this line of inquiry by analyzing New York Police Department’s (NYPD) experience with its signature performance system and its affiliated policies. With multiple data sources, it finds three main drivers of the unintended consequences, including the excessive performance pressure, the bureaucracy-public expectation mismatch, and the ambiguity concerning government performance. The article makes six suggestions regarding the design of performance management systems so that their potential unintended consequences can be better identified and mitigated.
Shifting to team-based faculty development: a programme designed to facilitate change in medical education

ABSTRACT The value of traditional faculty development programmes has been questioned regarding its effectiveness in transforming clinical education. Rather than training faculty separately from their colleagues, the faculty development programme described in this paper presented an opportunity for teams of faculty to improve clinical education by developing tools grounded in medical education research. The five participating teams were interviewed in focus groups at the end of the programme and followed up with emails and phone calls three years after the end of the programme. The interview data were analysed according to conventional content analysis. Immediately after completion of the programme, all teams had managed to implement their tools, and three years later, four were still in use. The study demonstrates that critical success factors for faculty development to transform change in practice included a design focused on a stepwise, longitudinal programme; coaching of teams; management and peer engagement, and programme days that created space for reflection, development, and discussion.
Pleistocene glacial cycles as drivers of allopatric differentiation in Arctic shorebirds

Spatio‐temporal changes have likely caused range fragmentation and population isolation, which could have given rise to the observed current intraspecific differentiation in some species. Here, we test several hypotheses on the potential effect of Pleistocene glacial cycles in the diversification of Arctic shorebird species, comparing between different scenarios of fragmentation of the breeding distribution during glacial and interglacial periods.
Is inclusive education really for everyone? Family stories of children and young people labelled with ‘severe and multiple’ or ‘profound’ ‘disabilities’

ABSTRACT Article 24 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, along with General Comment 4, explicitly outlines the right of every person to an inclusive education at every level. And yet, even amongst supporters of inclusive education, it is not uncommon for some students to be considered ‘too disabled’ to be included. In this research I draw on the views and lived experiences of 10 parents, living in Australia, who identify their children as having been labelled with ‘severe and multiple’ or ‘profound’ impairments. I ask what inclusion means to these parents and their families, and whether inclusion and inclusive education is important to them. Drawing on these parent perspectives, is the notion of inclusive education for everyone realistic and desirable, or only idealistic? Should inclusion be inclusive or is it ultimately conditional? The perspectives of the research participants hold implications for the realisation of the right to inclusive education.
Framing Film-Induced Tourism into a Sustainable Perspective from Romania, Indonesia and Malaysia

This paper is particularly focused on film-induced tourism investigation as well as its cultural promotion and cultural change effect that impact on both the tourist destinations and the tourist demands. The case studies include the famous Transylvania, Romania as well as the two comparative destinations in Southeast Asia namely Bali in Indonesia, and Penang in Malaysia. Although tourism planners have limited control over the content of the films produced in the respective destinations and how the destinations are being portrayed in films, it is reflected in our studies that, the imaginary, visual representations of the destinations, albeit negative or distorted from their original identities, are still useful and viable to promote the tourist destinations. The three discussion cases form up the stratification of multiple stages in terms of implementing film-induced tourism strategies to promote their destinations, spanning from one of the oldest film-induced tourist destinations Transylvania, to an over decade-long film-induced destination Ubud in Bali, to a sprouting film-induced destination George Town in Penang. Such a stratification of three comparable destinations leads to both the vertical and horizontal evaluation of the effectiveness of film-induced tourism strategies. Hence, a methodology of multiple-case study with mixed-methods characterised by a set of differing qualitative research approaches will be adopted to the three distinctive destinations, respectively. Emerging markets require new techniques and strategies of marketing, especially in the unsettled post-COVID-19 era. Findings may be useful to destination managers in planning an effective destination image strategy in order to achieve the most sustainable positive impacts and aligning the films’ image of the destination with the desired image and the potential audience reach.
Predictive value of the negative inspiratory force index as a predictor of weaning success: a crosssectional study

Background Identifying when intubated patients are ready to be extubated remains challenging. The negative inspiratory force (NIF) is a recommended predictor of weaning success. However, little is known about the role of NIF in the weaning process for the Asian surgical intensive population, especially for the Vietnamese population. Here, we aimed to investigate the cutoff threshold and predictive value of the NIF index for predicting the success of ventilator weaning in Vietnamese surgical intensive care patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Surgical Intensive Care Unit of Viet Duc Hospital from October 2016 to August 2017. A total of 64 patients aged 16–70 years undergoing ventilatory support through an orotracheal tube satisfied the criteria for readiness to begin weaning. The correlation between the NIF index with outcomes of the weaning process was analyzed. Specificity (Sp), sensitivity (Se), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Results The success rate of the entire weaning process was 67.2% (43/64). The median NIF values were –26.0 cm H2O (interquartile range [IQR], –28.0 to –25.0) in the successful weaning group and –24.0 cm H2O (IQR, –25.0 to –23.0) in the weaning failure group (P<0.001). According to ROC analysis, an NIF value ≤–25 cm H2O predicted weaning success (AUC, 0.836) with 91% Se, 62% Sp, 83% PPV, and 77% NPV. Conclusions An NIF cutoff threshold ≤–25 cm H2O can be used as predictor of weaning success in Vietnamese surgical intensive care patients.
A Dumbbell Shaped Piezoelectric Motor Driven by the First-Order Torsional and the First-Order Flexural Vibrations

A piezoelectric motor driven by the first-order torsional and first-order flexural (T/F) vibrations is designed, fabricated, and tested in this study. The actuating force is generated by the torsional vibration of the dumbbell-shaped vibrator, while the elliptical motion shape is adjusted with the flexural vibration. The rotor, pressed onto the vibrator’s lateral surface, is frictionally driven with the vibrator. Here, the torsional vibration, the shear modes of piezoelectric ceramics, and the driving method may contribute to high torque and high output power. To test the feasibility of our proposal, first, a prototype of the T/F vibrator is built and its vibration properties are explored. As predicted, the torsional and flexural vibrations are excited on the vibrator. Then, the load characteristics of the piezoelectric motor are investigated. The maximal torque, the no-load rotation speed, and maximal output power are 4.3 Nm, 125 r/min, and 16.9 W, respectively. The results imply that using the first-order torsional and the first-order flexural vibrations is a feasible method to achieve high torque and high output power of piezoelectric motors.
Retinal Capillary Nonperfusion on OCT-Angiography and Its Relationship to Kidney Function in Patients with Diabetes

Background Diabetic retinopathy and kidney disease share underlying mechanisms of microvascular damage and are often comorbid in people with diabetes. We evaluated whether there is a relationship between retinal capillary perfusion as measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Method A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted at the University of Washington among a subset of participants with diabetes and CKD participating in a larger cohort study. Participants were excluded if they were known to have kidney disease from conditions other than diabetes. Ten participants (11 eyes) were included. Retinal nonperfusion (RNP) and vessel density (VD) were measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography in 30° and 60° field of view (FOV) regions centered at the fovea. Correlations of RNP and VD with eGFR and albuminuria were analyzed. Results Participants had a mean age of 72 years, hemoglobin A1c of 8.1%, eGFR of 45 mL/min/1.73 m2, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 162 mg/g. Mean (SD) RNP was 6.6% (4.2%) and 16.9% (7.7%) in 30° and 60° FOV regions, respectively. eGFR was negatively correlated to RNP in both the 30° and 60° FOV regions (R = −0.69, p=0.004, and R = −0.46, p=0.057, respectively), and correlations were stronger among a subset of 7 participants with evidence of diabetic retinopathy on exam and fundus photos. The estimated GFR was not significantly correlated with vessel density. Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio was not significantly correlated with RNP or VD. Conclusions Our proof-of-concept study showed that lower eGFR was significantly correlated with retinal nonperfusion in participants with diabetes and CKD. Advanced retinal imaging may enhance the noninvasive evaluation of kidney function in diabetes.
Oral Cancer Senario in Multiple Centers of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Oral cancer is one of the common cancers worldwide and in Bangladesh around 7000 cases are diagnosed yearly. It has variable demographics and patient comes to hospital with different presentations. It is mandatory to know the characteristics of the disease so that better awareness and different treatment modalities can be planned. 162 patients with histopathological diagnosis of oral cancer was include in study by consecutive sampling and characteristics of disease was recorded in scientific data collection sheet which was later analyzed by SPSS and result was presented in table, graph and chart form. Incidence of oral cancer is 56.2% in female, in 59.9% cases buccal mucosa is involved in which 90.1% is squamous cell carcinoma. In Conclusion squamous cell carcinoma is most common oral cancer mainly occurs in buccal mucosa of female, in grade I and stage iii majority of patient present in tertiary centers of Dhaka.
Effect of Turmeric and Garlic Inclusion to Sauropus androgynus-Bay Leaves Containing Diets on Performance, and Carcass Quality of Broilers

This study aimed to examine the effect of turmeric or garlic supplementation to fermented Sauropus androgynus -bay leaves (FSBL) containing diet on performance, carcass quality and meat organoleptic status in broilers. This study used a completely randomized design. Two hundred 15-day-old female broilers were grouped into 5 groups with 4 replications as follows: Diet with 0.5% commercial feed additive (P0); 1.25% FSBL containing diet (P1); 1.25% FSBL containing diet plus 1 g turmeric powder (P2); 1.25% FSBL containing diet plus 2 g garlic (P3); 1.25% FSBL containing diet plus 1 g turmeric and 2 g garlic (P4). The results showed that the use of turmeric or garlic to FSBL containing diet did not affect body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, meat bone ratio, drip loss, and taste, odor, and texture of broiler meats (P>0.05) but affected cooking loss (P<0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of garlic and/or turmeric to fermented Sauropus androgynus -bay leaves containing diet did not improve performance and carcass quality in broiler chickens. Any combination of medicinal plants could replace commercial feed additive.
Homeownership and Community Involvement: Results From the 2019 Metro Atlanta Speaks Survey

ABSTRACT While the relationship between homeownership and community involvement is mixed and unclear, this study aims to contribute to this debate by further examining the relationship between these two. Using data from the 2019 Metro Atlanta Speaks survey, we find that homeowners and residents with longer community tenure have higher odds of being involved in the community compared with renters in the metro Atlanta region of the U.S. state of Georgia. Among various community activities examined, homeowners are associated with higher odds of participating in parent–teacher association meetings, neighborhood association meetings, and public meetings held by local governments. Because housing needs of and challenges faced by residents are different, a balanced and comprehensive housing policy ensuring safe, decent, and affordable housing options—rental housing and homeownership opportunities—is crucial in stabilizing homeownership rates and in keeping residents in their communities longer.
Profiling Readmissions Using Hidden Markov Model - the Case of Congestive Heart Failure

ABSTRACT Reducing costly hospital readmissions of patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is important. We analyzed 4,661 CHF patients (from 2007 to 2017) using Hidden Markov Models in order to profile CHF readmission risk over time. This method proved practical in identifying three patient groups with distinctive characteristics, which might guide physicians in tailoring personalized care to prevent hospital readmission. We thus demonstrate how applying appropriate AI analytics can save costs and improve the quality of care.
Field Performance of Bioretention: Water Quality

Two bioretention facilities with different designs were installed on the University of Maryland campus and were monitored from Summer 2003 through Fall 2004 to quantify water quality improvements to parking lot stormwater runoff. One cell was a standard design and the other had an anoxic sump. Twelve inflow/outflow water quality data sets were successfully collected and analyzed for total suspended solids (TSS), phosphorus, and zinc. Nine sets were collected for copper and lead, and three for nitrate. In two of the events, all of the runoff flow was attenuated by the bioretention media and no flow exited the cells, resulting in zero pollutant discharge. In all cases, the median pollutant output is lower than the input, indicating successful water-quality improvement through the bioretention media. Statistically insignificant differences were noted between the two cells for all pollutants examined. Median values for effluent event mean concentrations and percent removals based on combined data sets (both c.
Effect of Confinement of a Polymer on the Phase Behavior of Ternary and Quaternary Lyotropic Mixtures

In this paper, we examine the effect of adjunction of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on the phase behavior of water−dodecane−hexanol−sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions. At a high water/oil ratio, the polymer is dissolved in the aqueous solvent, and at a low water/oil ratio it is incorporated into water-swollen bilayers or reversed droplets. With the solvent-doped mixtures, we found at intermediate polymer and bilayer concentrations a closed-loop lamellar−lamellar phase separation. In reverse systems (water/oil < 1), added polymer never enters the sponge phase L3, even at extremely low concentrations. In contrast, it is present over a large concentration range in the lamellar Lα and the microemulsion L2 phases. More interestingly, PEG induces the formation of a sponge phase, denoted L5, lying between L2 and Lα and thereby generates a new sequence of phases. When the alcohol content is increased, the sequence lamellar−sponge−micelle (Lα−L5−L2) is obtained instead of sponge−lamellar−micelle (L3−Lα−L2) as observed.
Current and New Frontiers: Exploring How Place Matters Through Arkansas NIBRS Reporting Practices

The current study focuses on criminal incidents reported to the National Incident Based Reporting System for the state of Arkansas, USA, in 2016. Arkansas law enforcement agencies are mandated to report their crime data to the Arkansas Crime Information Center (ACIC). The current study attempts to showcase the advantages that will be gained by the collection of address-identified NIBRS data throughout Arkansas and for other states that follow suit. In particular, we compare (1) statewide NIBRS data that is publicly available to (2) the address-level data for the city of Little Rock. To illustrate this variation, we use Arkansas as an example of the spatial variation in crime occurrence at a macro-level then move toward meso and micro-level agency-based analyses.
The Effect of Statistical Downscaling on the Weighting of Multi-Model Ensembles of Precipitation

Recently, assessments of global climate model (GCM) ensembles have transitioned from using unweighted means to weighted means designed to account for skill and interdependence among models. Although ensemble-weighting schemes are typically derived using a GCM ensemble, statistically downscaled projections are used in climate change assessments. This study applies four ensemble-weighting schemes for model averaging to precipitation projections in the south-central United States. The weighting schemes are applied to (1) a 26-member GCM ensemble and (2) those 26 members downscaled using Localized Canonical Analogs (LOCA). This study is distinct from prior research because it compares the interactions of ensemble-weighting schemes with GCMs and statistical downscaling to produce summarized climate projection products. The analysis indicates that statistical downscaling improves the ensemble accuracy (LOCA average root mean square error is 100 mm less than the CMIP5 average root mean square error) and reduces the uncertainty of the projected ensemble-mean change. Furthermore, averaging the LOCA ensemble using Bayesian Model Averaging reduces the uncertainty beyond any other combination of weighting schemes and ensemble (standard deviation of the mean projected change in the domain is reduced by 40–50 mm). The results also indicate that it is inappropriate to assume that a weighting scheme derived from a GCM ensemble matches the same weights derived using a downscaled ensemble.
Comparative Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) Ecotypes: Focus on Univariate and Factor Analysis

Anethum graveolens L. is a vegetable-aromatic medicinal herb of Apiaceae family and cultivated in different parts of the world including Iran. The aim of this study was to study the chemical composition of essential oils in four Iranian dill ecotypes. The extracted essential oils compositions were different in the ecotypes so that 38, 27, 25, and 24 volatile constituents were identified in Ardabil, Isfahan, Mashhad, and Kerman ecotypes, respectively. Eighteen compounds such as Toluene, α-thujene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, α-terpinene, β-phellandrene, undecane, sabinol, dill ether, carvacrol, germacrene D, dill apiole, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and phytol were recognized in all ecotypes but in different amounts. Analysis of variance showed the significancy of α-thujene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, undecane, dill ether, sabinol, germacrene D, dill apiole, neophytadiene, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone at 0.001 probability levels. Means comparison of significant compounds showed highest mean values for β-pinene, undecane, germacrene D, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and phytol in Ardabil ecotype; α-thujene, β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, and dill ether in Mashhad ecotype; and α-phellandrene, sabinol, and dill apiole in Kerman ecotype. Factor analysis indicated that three main and independent factors accounted for 100% of the total variance. The first, second, and third factors with 47.5, 31.9, and 20.63 % of variance included 9, 6, and 4 compounds, respectively. The knowledge of essential oil compositions of the studied ecotypes could be useful to choose the appropriate for breeding purposes based on phytochemical diversity or for use in pharmaceutical and food industries for extraction of special compounds.