Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tipología de explotaciones ovinas en la sierra norte del estado de Puebla

Based on feed resources, productive parameters and economic indicators, a typology was developed for sheep production systems and sheep farms in the Sierra Norte region of Puebla State, Mexico. A questionnaire was designed to collect quantitative data on productive parameters and calculate relevant economic indicators. Interviews were done of a sample of 100 sheep producers and responses validated by monitoring 30 sheep farms for a one-year period. Data was collected on labor, grazing areas and practices, use of crop residues, flocks of sheep, income resources, production costs and income. Descriptive statistics were estimated for productive and economic variables and the farms classified with a multivariate analysis. Factor analysis helped to identify ewe sale price, flock size and family labor as possible competitive advantages, and production costs and lamb sale price as possible disadvantages. Productive and economical aspects had variable significance among the farms (P<0.05). Cluster analysis classified the farms mainly as subsistence (44 %), transitional (38%) and extensive (15 %). Extensive farms had the highest (P<0.05) ewe sale price (US $140.7±17.4) and the highest (P<0.05) gross income from sale of animals (US $1,156.5±47.9). Including labor costs in the balance always produced a negative net return.
Comparações entre os comportamentos de forrageio nas diferentes faixas etárias do boto-cinza (Sotalia guianensis) (Cetacea; delphinidae) na Baia dos Golfinhos, Praia de Pipa - RN - Brasil

O termo “forrageio” refere-se ao conjunto de comportamentos realizados pelos golfinhos para obtenção de suas presas.O trabalho objetivou descrever e comparar os padrões de comportamento de forrageio realizados por diferentes faixas etárias do boto cinza (Sotalia guianensis). As observações foram feitas de um Mirante no Santuário Ecológico de Pipa, RN. O método amostral utilizado foi ad libitum (Altmann, 1974). A faixa etária consistiu nas categorias adulto, juvenil e infante. A baía foi dividida em nove áreas e o período em manhã e tarde. Foram descritos vinte e um comportamentos de forrageio, compreendendo perseguições, botes com e sem salto, estratégias em grupo e arremessos de presa. Não houve diferenças significativas entre estratégias com e sem saltos realizadas por adultos e por juvenis. Golfinhos adultos apresentaram atividade de pesca mais intensa e obtiveram mais sucessos em suas investidas na captura de presas do que juvenis, enquanto filhotes não participaram ativamente da pesca.
Stimulating sturgeon conservation and rehabilitation measures in Turkey: an overview on major projects (2006–2009)

Summary The aim of this report is to provide an overview of the current status of efforts on the potential rehabilitation of sturgeon populations in Turkish waters, describing the structure and the outcome of projects carried out since 2006 and identifying the strategic needs for sturgeon conservation measures at a national level. It is well known that there were six sturgeon species occurring around Turkish Black Sea coasts while entering the rivers, mainly Kizilirmak, Yesilirmak, Sakarya and Coruh Rivers for spawning. Anadromous sturgeon species have been strictly protected throughout Turkey since 1997. Conservation and management measurements have been implemented since 1970s. However, this was apparently with little success as stocks continued to decline and habitats deteriorated further, threatening the stocks with extinction. At the same time the needs for survival are not well documented. A project was initiated on 30 January 2006, consisting of seven-work packages including studies on population structure, reproduction, habitat assessment, genetic variability between and within stocks and the development of protective management strategies and plans. The work covered the Turkish Black Sea coastline and the rovers Yesilirmak, Kizilirmak, Coruh and Sakarya. Actively sampled and/or accidentally caught specimens have been tagged by T-bars and released after measurements and tissue sampling for genetic analyses. In addition, broodstocks of Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Beluga (Huso huso), and stellate (A. stellatus) are being built by rearing fish at the Central Fisheries Research (Yomra, Trabzon, Turkey) Institute. Reproduction studies have mainly focused on sperm collection, cryopreservation and induced spawning as well as on larval rearing.
Microplankton composition, production and upwelling dynamics in Sagres (SW Portugal) during summer of 2001

Microplankton community, production, and respiration were studied alongside physical and chemical conditions at Sagres (SW Portugal) during the upwelling season, from May to September 2001. The sampling station was 5 km east of the upwelling centre off Cabo S. Vicente, and 2 km west of an offshore installation for bivalve aquaculture. Three major periods were distinguished according to sea surface temperature (SST): period 1 (P1; May and June), characterised by high temperature values (17.0±1.8°C); period 2 (P2; July), characterised by lower temperatures (14.6±0.3°C), identified as an upwelling-blooming stage; and period 3 (P3; August), characterised by a high temperature pattern (16.25±1.14°C). Chaetoceros spp. , Thalassiosira spp. , Lauderia spp. , Detonula spp. and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. were the major taxa contributing to the dissimilarities between P2 (July) and the other periods. In July (P2), the average gross production (GP; 52.5±12.3 µM O 2 d -1 ) and net community production (NCP; 46.9±15.3 µM O 2 d -1 )) peaked with the maximal concentrations of diatom-chl a. Dark community respiration (DCR) remained low and more constant throughout (4.6±3.6 µM O 2 d -1 ). The plankton assemblage was dominated by diatoms throughout the survey. Physical events were the primary factors determining the microplankton structure and distribution at this location.
Abundance of the endangered Cape parrot, Poicephalus robustus, in South Africa: implications for its survival

Factors affecting the decline of the endangered Cape parrot, which is endemic to South Africa, are presented. Its abundance and status were investigated during annual intensive national surveys. The merits of such a census are reported. Presence of birds was unpredictable at forest patches throughout its range. Present distributions in forest fragments reflect past distribution in a larger mosaic of forest patches. Numbers are low and the best estimate of numbers is 300–350 birds in the Eastern Cape, 170–220 in KwaZulu-Natal, and 50–60 in Limpopo Province. This suggests less than 1000 Cape parrots remain in the wild. About 20% of the entire population of the Cape parrot resident within the forest mosaic of southern KwaZulu-Natal roosts in one particular forest, which consequently needs urgent conservation protection.
Pengaruh Pembiayaan Mudharabah, Musyarakah, dan Murabahah terhadap Return On Asset melalui Non Performing Financing sebagai Variabel Intervening (pada Bank Umum Syariah yang Terdaftar diotoritas Jasa Keuangan)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembiayaan mudharabah, musyarakah, dan murabahah terhadap Return on Assets melalui Non Performing Financing sebagai variable intervening pada Bank Umum Syariah yang terdaftar di OJK Periode 2013-2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel bank umum syariah yang terdaftar di OJK sebanyak 11 bank dengan periode 2013-2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan Purposive Sampling dan dianalisis menggunakan Software Eviews versi 10. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa Pembiayaan mudharabah, musyarakah dan murabahah berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA. Pembiayaan mudharabah dan murabahah berpengaruh negatif terhadap NPF. Sementara pembiayaan musyarakah berpengaruh positif terhadap NPF. NPF tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA. Pembiayaan mudharabah berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA melalui NPF sebagai variabel intervening. Pembiayaan musyarakah dan murabahah berpengaruh positif terhadap ROA melalui NPF sebagai variabel intervening.
Etude du rôle du gène suppresseur de tumeur WWOX et de ses partenaires dans la voie de signalisation Wnt/β-caténine et dans la carcinogenèse mammaire

Afin de mieux connaitre les mecanismes moleculaires impliques dans le cancer du sein, nous avons entrepris l’etude de la fonction du gene suppresseur de tumeur WWOX comprenant le site fragile FRA16D. Nous avons mis en evidence l’association de WWOX avec des composants de la voie de signalisation intracellulaire Wnt/β-catenine : Dvl-2, BCL9 et BCL9-2, ainsi que, l’histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Nous avons defini, pour la premiere fois, WWOX en tant que nouvel inhibiteur de la voie Wnt/β-catenine. Nos resultats suggerent que WWOX agit sur cette voie en sequestrant Dvl-2 dans le cytoplasme et en inhibant les activites transcriptionnelles de BCL9 et BCL9-2. En outre, nous avons demontre que HDAC3 est egalement capable d’inhiber l’activite transcriptionelle de BCL9-2. HDAC3 agirait en recrutant WWOX sur BCL9-2 et cela independamment de son activite deacetylase. L’inhibition de la voie Wnt/β-catenine par WWOX suggere que l’inhibition de l’expression de WWOX, souvent observee dans le cancer du sein, pourrait conduire a la suractivation de cette voie et par consequent a la stimulation de la progression tumorale. En parallele de ce travail, nous avons etudie l’implication des nouveaux partenaires moleculaires de WWOX que nous avons trouve dans la carcinogenese mammaire. Nous avons mis en evidence une surexpression de BCL9, et non pas de BCL9-2, dans les tumeurs du sein, cette surexpression serait due, au moins en partie a des polyploidies et des amplifications du gene, suggerant un role important de BCL9 dans cette pathologie.
Genetic variation in chickpea evaluated at Pantnagar, India

Forty genotypes of chickpea evaluated in RBD with 3 replications and data were analysed for genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance. Twelve quantitative characters were studied and it was revealed that selection is likely to be effective for 100 seed, mass, pods/plant and seed yield/plant and to some extent, length of pod bearing branch, harvest index, secondary branches/pLant and seeds/pod.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO BROMATOLÓGICA DE FRUTOS E GELEIAS DE AMORA-PRETA

ABSTRACT - the blackberry fruit is highly perishable and therefore its use is preferentially industrial. However, there is few information in the literature about the effect of products processing made of blackberry. in this study, it was evaluated blackberry fruits and jellies from three different stages of harvest. the aim was the bromatological, quantification of total and soluble pectin and macro and micronutrients from fruits and jellies. the results showed that the blackberry presents a high potential for industrialization since most of the compounds evaluated there were no big changes resulted from the processing. Index terms: Rubus sp. , jelly, food processing. http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/0100-2945-037/14 1 (trabalho 037-14). Recebido em: 23-01-2014. Aceito para publicacao em: 16-10-2014. 2 universidade estadual Paulista, departamento de Producao Vegetal – Horticultura - Rua Jose Barbosa de Barros, no 1780 – Jardim Paraiso - Botucatu – SP, Brasil. e-mail: angelavacaro@hotmail.com; vieites@fca.unesp. br
Strategies for machine harvesting of mature coffee (Coffea arabica L.) fruits

approved: y v Leslie H. Fuchigami Greenhouse and field grown coffee plants were used to study the synchronization of flowering and fruiting. The purpose of these studies was to develop methods of improving the selective harvesting of mature coffee fruits by machine. The studies were divided into 4 parts: 1) Synchronization of flowering, 2) Synchronization of fruiting, 3) Determination of fruit detachment and fruit removal force (FRF), and 4) Alteration of the FRF of ripe fruits. Either mist irrigation or water deficit stress followed by sufficient watering were effective in inducing flowering. Gibberellic acid treatment was less effective. Gibberellic acid applied to field grown coffee plants with fruit at different ages up to 40 days after anthesis advanced fruit maturity but did not synchronize fruit maturation. Ethephon sprayed on fruits at 230 days after' anthesis resulted in uniform ripening of fruit on greenhouse grown coffee plants. The mechanism of abscission of green and ripe fruits was studied. No abscission layer was found at the sites of detachment in either green or ripe fruits. The detachment of ripe fruits occurred at random, by the breaking of parenchymatous pericarp tissue immediately above the pedicel. In contrast, the detachment of green fruits occurred at random along the pedicel. The FRF of green fruits was greater than the FRF of ripe fruits. The FRF decreased as fruits matured in both the ethephon and control treatments. Indices of fruit maturation were correlated with FRF. Exocarp color change, expressed quantitatively as the degree of lightness (L) and hue angle (9), was correlated with the FRF. The soluble solids content of the pericarp tissue decreased as fruit matured. There was a strong inverse correlation between FRF and soluble solids content of the pericarp. Further reduction in the FRF of ripe fruits was achieved by mist irrigation. The FRF of green fruits was not affected by the mist irrigation treatment. These studies provide strong evidence for the selective harvesting of mature coffee fruits by machine by integration of synchronized flowering and fruiting, and the reduction in FRF of ripe fruits. Strategies for Machine Harvesting of Mature Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Fruits by Peeradet Tongumpai
Influência da adubação orgânica nas propriedades químicas de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico e na produção de matéria seca de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu - DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v29i5.754

Aiming at discovering the influence of organic fertilization upon the chemical properties of a dystrophic Red Latosol cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, as well as, on the production of dry matter, an experiment was set in Cidade Gaucha, a small town located in the Northwest of Parana state. Doses of poultry manure or waste 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t ha -1 and 100 kg ha -1 of nitrogen, in the form of urea, were tested. The production of dry matter presented a linear growing. Such a growing was due to the increase in the poultry manure control treatment applied onto the pasture. The 20 t ha -1 maximum dose tested was 321% superior to the testing dose without any fertilization and 96.6% superior to the chemical fertilization. There were significant differences regarding the variables such as, Potassium, Phosphorus and Carbon content, whereas, for pH, H+Al, Ca, Mg and CTC there were no significance. However, there was a significant difference concerning pH in relation to testing without any fertilization.
Helminth Parasites of the Edible Frogs in Abeokuta Ogun State

A study was carried out on the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes of edible frogs. A total of 70 frogs collected between March - July 2012 were dissected and examined for gastrointestinal helminthes. These comprises of 12(17%) Rana pipiens and 48(82.9 ) Hoplobatrachus occipitalis Sixty (85.7%) of the frogs examined were infected with gastrointestinal helminthes. Adult frogs infected constituted 48(94.1%) while juvenile frogs infected constituted 12(63.2%). Also male frogs infected constituted 38(95%) while female frogs infected constituted 22(73.3%). The gastrointestinal helminthes recovered were trematodes, nematodes and cestodes. The relationship between frog's length and shape with infection showedthat frogs with highest weight and length had the least infection. This study shows that ediblefrogs habour gastrointestinal helminthes.
Human Plasma Protein C: ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND MECHANISM OF ACTIVATION BY α-THROMBIN

Abstract Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent protein, which exists in bovine plasma as a precursor of a serine protease. In this study, protein C was isolated to homogeneity from human plasma by barium citrate adsorption and elution, ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex chromatography, dextran sulfate agarose chromatography, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Human protein C (Mr = 62,000) contains 23% carbohydrate and is composed of a light chain (Mr = 21,000) and a heavy chain (Mr = 41,000) held together by a disulfide bond(s). The light chain has an amino-terminal sequence of Ala-Asn-Ser-Phe-Leu- and the heavy chain has an aminoterminal sequence of Asp-Pro-Glu-Asp-Gln. The residues that are identical to bovine protein C are underlined. Incubation of human protein C with human α-thrombin at an enzyme to substrate weight ratio of 1:50 resulted in the formation of activated protein C, an enzyme with serine amidase activity. In the activation reaction, the apparent molecular weight of the heavy chain decreased from 41,000 to 40,000 as determined by gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. No apparent change in the molecular weight of the light chain was observed in the activation process. The heavy chain of human activated protein C also contains the active-site serine residue as evidenced by its ability to react with radiolabeled diisopropyl fluorophosphate. Human activated protein C markedly prolongs the kaolin-cephalin clotting time of human plasma, but not that of bovine plasma. The amidolytic and anticoagulant activities of human activated protein C were completely obviated by prior incubation of the enzyme with diisopropyl fluorophosphate. These results indicate that human protein C, like its bovine counterpart, exists in plasma as a zymogen and is converted to a serine protease by limited proteolysis with attendant anticoagulant activity.
Contents and changes of organic acid in sand pears from different germplasm resources.

【Objective】 The characteristics of soluble sugar content of 70 varieties of sand pear mature fruit(including 47 local species and 23 cultivars) and the dynamic changes during the fruit development period(4 varieties) were studied and the differences and characteristics among sand pear varieties were compared. 【Method】Capillary GC-FID was used to detect the constitution of soluble sugar in sand pears. 【Result】 The major parts of organic acids in sand pears are malic acid and citric acid,which induce two types,malic acid dominant and citric acid dominant.The content of malic acid ranges from 1.30 mg.ml-1 to 4.16 mg.ml-1,with a mean value of 2.32 mg.ml-1.Compared with the local cultivars,the extent of variation is narrower and the quantity is bigger in cultivars.Citric acid ranges from 0.43 mg.ml-1 to 6.20 mg.ml-1,with a mean of 2.03 mg.ml-1;on the contrary,the concentration in cultivars is lower than that in local cultivars.Quinic acid in mature sand pears is as low as 0.74 mg.ml-1(mean),with no difference between cultivars and local ones.The total content of organic acids in sand pear fruits is coming down with the development of fruit.Especially,the quinic acid drops significantly in any breed.The accumulation process of malic acid shows a parabola-like rise-and-fall motif.In the two kinds of acid dominant breeds being investigated,the content of citric acid remains low in early development.In citric acid dominant breeds,the content of citric deposits rapidly in 8 weeks after blossom fall,while in malic acid dominant breeds,it keeps in a low concentration,both of the two kinds of breeds have a great content diversity during fruit maturation. 【Conclusion】There are two types of sand pears,malic acid dominant and citric acid dominant.Almost exclusively,cultivars are malic acid dominant,while local cultivars are citric acid dominant.The concentration of citric acid rises when that of malic acid drops.
Uncoupled Anti-HIV and Immune-Enhancing Effects when Combining IFN-α and IL-71

Cytokine-based therapies have been examined for purging viral reservoirs and immunomodulation in HIV infection. However, single cytokines did not result in either HIV eradication or an efficient HIV-specific immune response. We hypothesize that cytokines with distinct biologic effects need to be combined for immunotherapy of HIV infection. In this study, we investigated the anti-HIV activity and immune-enhancing effects of the combination of IFN-α and IL-7. In human lymphocyte aggregate cultures infected ex vivo with the X4 HIV strain NL4-3, IFN-α/IL-7 potently inhibited HIV replication and preserved CD4+ T cells, probably by up-regulating Bcl-2. IFN-α/IL-7 also strongly inhibited R5 HIV replication. Furthermore, in allogeneic MLRs, IFN-α/IL-7 increased T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. IFN-α alone also had strong anti-HIV activity, but neither preserved CD4+ T cells nor increased T cell responses in MLRs. IL-7 alone maintained T cells and enhanced T cell activation in MLRs, but only moderately inhibited or increased HIV replication. Thus, coadministration of IFN-α/IL-7 combines the potent anti-HIV activity of IFN-α with the beneficial effects of IL-7 on T cell survival and function. We speculate that IFN-α will block viral replication, activate APCs, and up-regulate MHC molecules, thus allowing IL-7 to display its effects for generating an efficient immune response. In this scenario, the known reactivation of latent HIV by IL-7 may be advantageous.
Crop response to interaction between ethylene sources and nitrogen with special reference to oilseed crops.

Ethylene releasing compounds are applied to cereal crops to prevent lodging, thereby reducing yield losses and deterioration of grain quality and to mustard for increasing yield. Ethrel is versatile ethylene releasing agent have remarkable marketed value and registered for several crops. It is involved in a diverse array of cellular, developmental and stress-released processes in plants. Ethrel reduces the problem of pod shattering by restricting the flower and pod abortions. However in this study a number of examples of has been made to cover the aspects of interactions of nitrogen and ethrel (ethylene releaser) in the growth and development of plants are described; plant height, leaf area, leaf area index, dry weight, chlorophyll, photosynthesis, photosynthetically active radiation, ethylene evolution, nitrate reductase activity, nutrient accumulation, nitrogen uptake efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen utilization efficiency, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, oil yield, oil content, acid value, iodine value and saponification. So the present study indicates that the process of growth and development in addition to the yield of plants is significantly affected by the ethrel along with basal nitrogen in both irrigated and non -irrigated conditions.