Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Malt Barley Genotypes for Grain Yield and Malting Quality Traits in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

A multi-location variety trial was conducted with the objective to identify suitable malt barley varieties that satisfy the malt and brewing industry quality requirements and reduce the cost for importing malt barley. The trial was conducted to evaluate the performance of 28 promising malt barley varieties in seven environments (site-season combinations) during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. The phenological and agronomic data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using ‘R’ software. All the traits analysis showed significant genotype, environment and genotype by environment interaction effects. Genotype, HB 52 X Bahati (G-5) exhibited high mean grain yield (5128 kgha -1 ) and significantly different for grain yield from one of the improved checks (Traveller). The other promising genotype, Bekoji-1 X Grace (G-8) showed acceptable malt quality results for extract (81.8 %), protein (10.0 %), friability (85 %) and lower values for beta -glucan (369 mg/l) with comparable grain yield to the improved checks (Traveller, HB1963). Similarly, genotype Sabin X Beka (G-7) showed acceptable malt quality results with lower level of beta-glucan (287mg/l). The “which-won-where” and “Mean vs. Stability” view of GGE biplot showed that, G-5 exhibited high mean grain yield and moderate grain yield stability and is the winner genotype in all test environments. Overall, G-8 is identified as potential malting barley candidate varieties to be tested for more industrial malt quality traits prior to variety verification trial and G-5 can be considered as potential parent in the malt barley crossing program for its good yield potential. Keywords: ANOVA, GGE biplot, Malt barley, Grain yield, Malt quality and Stability DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-20-01 Publication date: October 31 st 2020
Comparative studies on growth and Yield of Conventional and Tissue culture plants of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) var. CO2

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is an ancient spice, native of India and South East Asia used from antiquity as spice and a dye. It is commonly propagated through rhizomes. The availability of disease free quality planting material is scarce during the cropping season (June – September). An experiment was conducted to study the performance of in vitro derived turmeric plants with conventional rhizome under field condition. The results indicated that the tissue culture plants showed better performance over the conventional rhizome planting. Tissue culture plants grew vigorously and taller than conventional type. The highest yield potential was observed in tissue cultureplants (40.83 tons/ha) as compared to the conventional rhizome planting (30.14 tons/ha). The rhizome rot incidence was lower (3.87% ) in tissue culture plants than rhizome-derived plants (25.58% ). However, the agronomic traits observed during the present study in tissue culture plants are stable and rhizome harvested from tissue culture plants can be used as disease free planting materials for further planting.
The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source

The knowledge of the lightning-induced nitrogen oxides (LNO x ) source is important for understanding and predicting the nitrogen oxides and ozone distributions in the troposphere and their trends, the oxidising capacity of the atmosphere, and the lifetime of trace gases destroyed by reactions with OH. This knowledge is further required for the assessment of other important NO x sources, in particular from aviation emissions, the stratosphere, and from surface sources, and for understanding the possible feedback between climate changes and lightning. This paper reviews more than 3 decades of research. The review includes laboratory studies as well as surface, airborne and satellite-based observations of lightning and of NO x and related species in the atmosphere. Relevant data available from measurements in regions with strong LNO x influence are identified, including recent observations at midlatitudes and over tropical continents where most lightning occurs. Various methods to model LNO x at cloud scales or globally are described. Previous estimates are re-evaluated using the global annual mean flash frequency of 44±5 s −1 reported from OTD satellite data. From the review, mainly of airborne measurements near thunderstorms and cloud-resolving models, we conclude that a "typical" thunderstorm flash produces 15 (2–40)×10 25 NO molecules per flash, equivalent to 250 mol NO x or 3.5 kg of N mass per flash with uncertainty factor from 0.13 to 2.7. Mainly as a result of global model studies for various LNO x parameterisations tested with related observations, the best estimate of the annual global LNO x nitrogen mass source and its uncertainty range is (5±3) Tg a −1 in this study. In spite of a smaller global flash rate, the best estimate is essentially the same as in some earlier reviews, implying larger flash-specific NO x emissions. The paper estimates the LNO x accuracy required for various applications and lays out strategies for improving estimates in the future. An accuracy of about 1 Tg a −1 or 20%, as necessary in particular for understanding tropical tropospheric chemistry, is still a challenging goal.
Clinical Markers of Dysgraphia According to Intellectual Quotient in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Objective: Handwriting difficulties are commonly observed in children with high intellectual quotient (HIQ) and generally associated to developmental coordination disorder (DCD) but remain poorly understood. The aim of our study is to refine the specific clinical features of handwriting disorders in children with DCD regarding their IQ level. Method: Neurovisual, neuroimaging, neuropsychological, neuropsychomotor functions, and handwriting performances of 38 children (6-to-12 years-old: mean 9y, SD 2.7), diagnosed with DCD (DSM-5 criteria), were analyzed. Among them, two matched groups were studied according to the Full IQ (FIQ) level: 19 typical-children (FIQ=90-110) and 19 HIQ children (FIQ> 120). Results: Handwriting difficulties were present in both groups without statistical difference. Dysgraphia was significantly related to pyramidal-tract-dysfunction (p=0.01) and electroretinogram abnormalities (p=0.03) in both groups. In HIQ children, a specific marker was identified: visual gnosis impairment associated to deficit of visual-spatial memory. Conclusions: Dysgraphia is a severe diagnosis involving the central nervous system, affecting the motor and neurovisual pathways and it rather appears as a comorbidity to DCD. Neurological-soft-signs and electroretinogram abnormalities can be considered as interesting clinical markers of dysgraphia in children with DCD. Children having FIQ>120 display visual gnosis disorder as a specific clinical marker of dysgraphia.
Examination of the water balance of irrigated paddy fields in SWAT 2009 using the curve number procedure and the pothole module

Abstract The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a basin-scale hydrological and water quality simulation model, has become popular in Asia for assessing the impacts of land use and human activities including paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation which is a typical agricultural management system in Asia. The water ponding and drainage management in paddy fields should significantly affect the regional hydrology and water quality; however, the suitability of SWAT for simulating paddy hydrology at a field scale has not been thoroughly examined. In this study, the water balance of irrigated paddy fields in SWAT was examined for a small watershed where actual daily irrigation data were available. Two approaches available in SWAT to calculate hydrology in a watershed containing paddy fields, the curve number procedure and the pothole module, were applied with the regional paddy rice management standard. The water balance components estimated using the pothole module were significantly different from the actual hydrology in paddy fields. The estimated percolation of water was zero on most days even under ponded water conditions. Any of the percolation, surface runoff and evapotranspiration (ET) was estimated to be zero during the drainage period. The estimated ET was too small on a number of days during the ponding period. As a result, the watershed-scale Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) for the daily river flow rate at the outlet of the watershed was less than zero, indicating low model efficiency. On the contrary, no significant problems were apparently found in the estimated water balance components in paddy fields using the curve number procedure, yielding a higher NSE value of 0.58 at the watershed scale. However, the curve number procedure that in principle cannot simulate the ponded water conditions is obviously impossible to use to reflect the various paddy water management scenarios in the field. In conclusion, neither of these two approaches is suitable for simulating paddy field hydrology, indicating the need for the development of a paddy module in SWAT.
ADVANCING THE MEASUREMENT OF TRAUMA-RELATED SHAME AMONG WOMEN WITH HISTORIES OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE

OF DISSERTATION ADVANCING THE MEASUREMENT OF TRAUMA-RELATED SHAME AMONG WOMEN WITH HISTORIES OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE Shame is a predominant emotion for some trauma-exposed individuals—particularly survivors of interpersonal violence (IPV)—that is associated with more severe symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; see Saraiya & Lopez-Castro, 2016). Despite growing evidence of shame’s importance in recovery from trauma and PTSD, measurement challenges have played a large role in difficulties understanding and comparing the impact of shame across studies. These challenges include: 1) the use of measures that assess trait shame as opposed to trauma-related shame, 2) inconsistent use of established shame measures across studies, and 3) failure to acknowledge the cooccurrence of shame and guilt. These limitations are notable, given that trauma-related shame appears to be more predictive of PTSD symptoms and other psychiatric difficulties than trait shame (Semb et al., 2011) and more predictive of PTSD symptoms than traumarelated guilt (Cunningham et al., 2018). The Trauma-Related Shame Inventory (TRSI; Øktedalen et al., 2014) is the most widely used measure of trauma-related shame, yet additional psychometric support is needed. Two studies were thus conducted to provide additional psychometric validation to support the use of the TRSI among women with IPV histories and to better understand how trauma-related shame, relative to trait shame and trauma-related guilt, are associated with PTSD symptoms among this population.
Effect of Capital Structure on the Relationship Between Corporate Governance and Corporate Value of Companies Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange

The capital market authorities of different areas have from time to time issued regulations and guidelines for good corporate governance practices ensuring thorough and proper management of listed companies to align the interest of all stakeholders, ensure firm sustainability, and optimize corporate value. Despite these interventions, cases of corporate underperformance and failures attributed to financial distress and governance weakness continue to increase in magnitude and frequency. The main objective of the study was to determine the intervening effect of capital structure on the relationship between corporate governance and corporate value of companies listed at the Nairobi Security Exchange (NSE). The study tests hypothesis that there is no intervening effect on the capital structure on the relationship between corporate governance and corporate value for companies listed at the NSE. The key theories underpinning the study were agency theory as the main guiding theory and the trade-off theory. The data was acquired from past audited financial statements of companies listed at the NSE. The study used a census survey for sixty-four listed companies at the NSE. The analysis covered a period of five years between 2013 and 2017. Corporate Governance was measured by a composite of Board Independence, Board Size, Board Composition, and Corporate Gender Diversity. Capital structured was measured by leverage Different performance metrics have been used to evaluate corporate value worldwide by regulators and scholars. This study used Tobin - Q which has become an important tool for measuring corporate performance due to its incorporation of the market value of shares in its computation. The study adopts a positivism research philosophy and descriptive design. Descriptive statistics and diagnostic tests were conducted on the data thereafter inferential statistics namely correlations analysis and regression analysis were used to test the hypothesis. The panel data procedure was considered more appropriate as the sample data contained both cross-sectional and time-series data. The diagnostics tests were used to test for bias in the model and the regression used to test the strength and direction of the variables. Baron and Kenny (1986) approach was used to test the intervening effect of capital structure on the relationship between corporate governance and corporate value. The finding was that capital structure had no significant intervening effects on the relationship between corporate governance and corporate value. This research contributes to the line of literature that examines the desirability of corporate governance in enhancing corporate value. These insights in explaining corporate governance, capital structure, and corporate value relationships are useful for academic understanding and business and public policy formulations. Keywords: Corporate governance, capital structure, agency theory, trade off theory, corporate value. DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/11-17-10 Publication date: October 31 st 2020
Analysis of major otosclerosis-associated variants in RELN and TGFB1 genes in Polish patients

Introduction: Otosclerosis (OTSC) is one of the most common causes of progressive adult-onset hearing loss in the Caucasian population, with a female preponderance. The etiology of OTSC is complex and there are a number of genetic variants reported to be associated with OTSC susceptibility, but no data on the genetic background of OTSC in patients originating from the central-eastern part of Europe have been available. The purpose of our study was to investigate in Polish patients the frequency of genetic variants previously reported to be most strongly associated with OTSC. Material and methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples or buccal swabs. Variants in TGFB1 (rs1800472) and RELN (rs39335, rs39350, rs39374) were genotyped in surgically confirmed OTSC patients (n = 94) and a control group (n = 198) using custom TaqMan SNP genotyping assays and real-time PCR. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between the groups in statistical analysis and the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to estimate the risk. Results: For all of the tested variants the distributions of alleles and genotypes were not statistically significantly different between OTCS patients and the control group. There were also no statistically significant differences in relation to gender of the tested subjects. Conclusions: Despite multiple confirmatory studies on TGFB1 and RELN association with OTSC development in some populations, no significant association between the studied variants and OTSC was found in Polish patients. Our results indicate the presence of inter-population differences in OTSC susceptibility factors and confirm the large genetic heterogeneity of this disorder.
Airborne chemistry and dynamics at the edge of the 1994 Antarctic vortex

Measurements of H2O, NOy, CH4, N2O, O3, HCl and wind speeds taken from the ER2 high-altitude research aircraft are used to examine the chemistry and dynamics near the edge of the Antarctic vortex in the period from late May to late October 1994. It is shown that, as the vortex evolves over this period, the horizontal gradients of quasi-conserved quantities steepen as the polar-night jet stream strengthens. By October, there is a mixing zone, 10° of latitude wide, centred on the wind speed maximum, across which air depleted in water, NOy, HCl and ozone has a poleward gradient in a statistical mean sense. Conversely, the recovery time of HCl in outer vortex air after exposure to polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) occurs sufficiently fast in early August that mixing-in of relatively unprocessed air seems to be the most viable explanation. The observations also show the vertical redistribution of water and NOy(presumably as HNO3) as a result of sedimentation in large PSC particles. Ozone loss as high as 25% occurred in early August at the vortex edge in PSC-processed but undenitrified air. Vertical profiles in outer vortex air suggest freer transport of processed air to midlatitudes at potential temperatures below 400 K (about 100 hPa, 16 km).
Effect of Working Capital Management on the Profitability of Steel Companies on Vietnam Stock Exchanges

This study examines the influence of working capital management (WCM) factors on the profitability of steel companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Vietnam. Data was collected from audited financial statements of companies for a period of 10 years, from 2010 to 2019. The number of samples eligible for research is 20 out of 26 companies, which is equivalent to 76.9%. With the help of dedicated software Stata version 14, the impact determination of WCM (through 8 independent variables: DIO, DPO, DSO, CCC, SIZ, CR, LEV, GRO) to the firm’s profitability (through the dependent variable) is performed through multivariate regression models. Research results from companies in the steel industry in Vietnam during this period indicate that WCM has a strong impact on the profitability of businesses. Among 8 factors affecting the profitability of steel enterprises, factors DPO, DIO, DSO, CR, SIZ, GRO have a positive impact, boosting profitability; 2 factors CCC and LEV have a negative impact on profitability; in which, the effect of CCC is negligible. This conclusion is almost in contrast to many previously published studies due to the specifics of the industry as well as the different stages of economic development associated with the economic management policies of the State.
Toward Better Planetary Surface Exploration by Orbital Imagery Inpainting

Planetary surface images are collected by sophisticated imaging devices onboard the orbiting spacecraft. Although these images enable scientists to discover and visualize the unknown, they often suffer from the ‘no-data’ region because the data could not be acquired by the onboard instrument due to the limitation in operation time of the instrument and satellite orbiter control. This greatly reduces the usability of the captured data for scientific purposes. To alleviate this problem, in this article, we propose a machine learning-based ‘no-data’ region prediction algorithm. Specifically, we leverage a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) based image inpainting algorithm to predict such unphotographed pixels in a context-aware fashion using adversarial learning on planetary images. The benefit of using our proposed method is to augment features in the unphotographed regions leading to better downstream tasks such as interesting landmark classification. We use the Moon and Mars orbital images captured by the JAXA's Kaguya mission and NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) for experimental purposes and demonstrate that our method can fill in the unphotographed regions on the Moon and Mars images with good visual and perceptual quality as measured by improved PSNR and SSIM scores. Additionally, our image inpainting algorithm helps in improved feature learning for CNN-based landmark classification as evidenced by an improved F1-score of 0.88 compared to 0.83 on the original Mars dataset.COMP: Please replace colons appearing after figure numbers and table numbers with period in all figure and table captions.
Knowledge and practice of epistaxis first aid among adult population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background: Epistaxis is usually considered as a non-fatal medical condition; however, it can lead to life-threatening situation in some rare circumstances. Thus, the study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of epistaxis first aid among adult population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and to explore the relationship between knowledge and practice level with different socio-demographic factors. Methodology: This was a self-administered questionnaire-based cross-sectional study conducted among general public population of 400 participants, including both males and females in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period of March to August 2020. The questionnaire contained socio-demographic characteristics of the participants and questions about knowledge and practice of epistaxis first aid. A common grading method was used for each variable. Score of 27 and above was considered as good knowledge and practice. Results: The mean score for the knowledge about epistaxis first-aid management was found to be 28 ± 9.5 points. Overall, 81% of the participants correctly identified the primary step of epistaxis first-aid management. Only 43% of the participants knew the correct duration at which epistaxis should stop. A statistically significant association was found between the level of knowledge about first-aid management of epistaxis and the following: age, gender, nationality, educational level, and occupation ( p = 0.000). Conclusion: The knowledge and practices of the general public population is considered as adequate. Around 78% of the respondents have correctly answered more than 75% of the questionnaire.
Upgrading of facultative ponds to treat a toxic organic wastewater

Abstract This study investigated the efficiency and performance of attached-growth waste stabilization ponds (AGWSP) treating a high-strength phenolic wastewater. The experiments employed 4 laboratory-scale pond units installed with an artificial attached-growth media. A control pond unit without attachedgrowth media (or WSP) was run in parallel for data comparison. The experimental results revealed that the AGWSP units could remove about 99, 50, 45 and 28% of phenol when operated at influent phenol concentrations of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/l (corresponding to organic loading rates (OLR) of 180, 360, 540 and 720 kg COD/(ha.day), respectively); these removal efficiencies were consistently higher than those observed in the WSP unit. The influent phenol concentrations of 1000–2000 mg/l resulted in some toxic effects and over loading to the pond system, causing the phenol removal efficiencies to decrease. The amount of phenol loss from the pond water through volatilization was found to be approximately 10%. A relationship between phenol removal rates (excluding volatilization) and phenol dosages to the AGWSP was developed. The superior performance of the AGWSP over the WSP appeared to be due to the biofilm biomass growing on the attached-growth media surface, resulting in increased potential biomass in the pond water.