Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of the invisible companion of Z Canis Majoris revealed in polarized light

Optical spectropolarimetry of the FU Orionis variable Z CMa in 1991-1992 shows larger polarization in the emission lines than in the continuum. The intensity spectrum at this time has absorption lines with some narrow weak emission. The polarized flux spectrum appears similar to an intensity spectrum of Z CMa obtained in 1987 when it was ∼0.9 mag brighter at V and showed strong emission lines. We argue that the primary component of the Z CMa binary is an emission line source, perhaps an Ae/Be star, that varies at V by 1-3 mag and was responsible for the 1987 outburst. The primary is mostly obscured from view by an asymmetrical distribution of dust which polarizes the light scattered into our line of sight
A gain adaptive scheme for the generalised predictive control of an air-handling plant

This paper describes a gain-adaptive scheme developed for the generalised predictive control of an air-handling plant. CARMA models are used to generate j-step-ahead predictions of the process output instead of the more commonly used incremental parametric models. The use of standard and long range predictive RLS algorithms in estimating the parameters of these models are investigated. Some performance indices of such derived models in relation to different prediction horizons are revealed and their effects on control performance discussed. Experimental results show that the gain-adaptive algorithm developed can give significant improvements on the global control performance in the presence of a nonlinear process gain that is strongly linked to the operating conditions of the plant. <<ETX>>
Growth of InAs Whiskers in Wurtzite Structure

InAs was evaporated onto glass substrates coated with Ag or Au films. Whiskers were grown while maintaining these substrates at 450°C. The crystal structure of the whiskers was determined to be of hexagonal wurtzite type by X-ray diffraction study. Lattice constants were a=4. 27Å, and c=7. 02Å. Conversion of hexagonal InAs to cubic was made by after-heating for 5 minutes at 800°C. The appearance of InAs whiskers is considered to be due to stacking faults in cubic (111) planes.
Supercuspidal Representations of Finite Reductive Groups

A powerful tool in representation theory of finite groups of Lie type is Harish]Chandra induction. It is a method to construct, in a systematic Ž . way, representations for the group from those of split Levi subgroups. Ž Let G be a finite group of Lie type. An irreducible representation of < < . finite degree over a field containing the G th roots of unity of G is called cuspidal if it does not occur as a subrepresentation of a Harish]Chandra induced representation of a proper Levi subgroup. In order to find all irreducible representations of G, one has to construct the cuspidal representations of all Levi subgroups first. Then one has to find all irreducible subrepresentations of Harish]Chandra induced cuspidal representations. Some of the cuspidal representations may occur as subquotients of Harish]Chandra induced representations. Following Vigneras, we call an irreducible representation of G supercuspidal if it does not occur as a subquotient of a Harish]Chandra induced representation of a proper Levi subgroup. Thus, in particular, a supercuspidal representation is cuspidal. If the characteristic of the underlying field does not divide the order of G, all representations of G are semisimple, so each subquotient is also a subrepresentation. In this case, a cuspidal representation is supercuspidal. In this paper, motivated by a suggestion of Vigneras, we begin a systematic investigation of the supercuspidal irreducible representations of finite groups of Lie type. We conjecture that a supercuspidal representa-
Potential Exposure to Respiratory and Enteric Bacterial Pathogens among Wastewater Treatment Plant Workers, South Africa

Wastewater handling has been associated with an increased risk of developing adverse health effects, including respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses. However, there is a paucity of information in the literature, and occupational health risks are not well quantified. Grab influent samples were analysed using Illumina Miseq 16S amplicon sequencing to assess potential worker exposure to bacterial pathogens occurring in five municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The most predominant phyla were Bacteroidota, Campilobacterota, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Desulfobacterota, accounting for 85.4% of the total bacterial community. Taxonomic analysis showed a relatively low diversity of bacterial composition of the predominant genera across all WWTPs, indicating a high degree of bacterial community stability in the influent source. Pathogenic bacterial genera of human health concern included Mycobacterium, Coxiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Arcobacter, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus, Treponema, and Aeromonas. Furthermore, WHO-listed inherently resistant opportunistic bacterial genera were identified. These results suggest that WWTP workers may be occupationally exposed to several bacterial genera classified as hazardous biological agents for humans. Therefore, there is a need for comprehensive risk assessments to ascertain the actual risks and health outcomes among WWTP workers and inform effective intervention strategies to reduce worker exposure.
Screening for eligibility: access and resistance in Istanbul’s food banks

ABSTRACT Introduced in the 2000s as a component of social welfare reforms, the means test determines the eligibility of aid applicants based on previously set income categories. Replacing local committees that decided eligibility, this centralized and digitalized screening process rests on information infrastructures that are mostly invisible. This paper argues that the ways in which applicants contest the outcome of the means test, subvert the eligibility requirements, and go around the screening processes, make visible these otherwise-mostly invisible information infrastructures. Through a discussion of the contestations, subversions, and go-arounds applicants use (not always successfully) to receive emergency food relief from municipal food banks in Istanbul, the paper shows that these information infrastructures not only appear as if they are value-neutral and apolitical, but in so doing, they also serve as useful tools for obscuring who the actual decision makers are.
Berberine: a comprehensive Approach to combat human maladies

ABSTRACT Berberine is a metabolite of many medicinal plants. Chemically, berberine belongs to the isoquinoline alkaloids family. The roots of plants grown at lower elevations have a higher concentration of berberine as compared to plants grown at higher elevations. Berberine is a natural substance, which is now among the patent pharmaceuticals for reducing chronic disorders and malignancies. Berberine is also classified as a nutraceutical. Nutraceuticals have been associated with various health benefits via modifying microRNA (miR) expression systems, apoptosis, gene activity, chemical signals/pathways and activation of transcription factors thus aiding in the prevention from various ailments. The pharmacokinetic studies revealed that berberine is poorly absorbed via intestinal walls therefore, its concentration level is extremely low in body fluid. However, the quantity of berberine and its active derivatives in organs is higher as compared to blood as it stably present in tissues. Berberine has an effective role in the body as an anticancer, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, antiaging and cardioprotective agent. In this review, the therapeutic potentials of berberine are discussed to understand its nutraceutical importance.
Modular symbols for 1(N) and elliptic curves with everywhere good reduction

Abstract The modular symbols method developed by the author in 4 for the computation of cusp forms for 0(N) and related elliptic curves is here extended to 1(N). Two applications are given: the verification of a conjecture of Stevens 14 on modular curves parametrized by 1(N); and the study of certain elliptic curves with everywhere good reduction over real quadratic fields of prime discriminant, introduced by Shimura and related to Pinch's thesis 10.
Fabrication technology and device performance of sub-50-nm-gate InP-based HEMTs

Sub-50-nm-gate InAlAs/InGaAs high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) lattice-matched to InP substrates were fabricated. Our method of fabrication includes the two-step-recess gate technology and a low temperature process, applied at below 300/spl deg/C. We succeeded in fabricating ultra-short 25-nm-long T-shaped-gates. RF measurements showed that the cutoff frequency f/sub T/ of a 25-nm-gate HEMT is 396 GHz, and this is the highest value yet reported for any type of transistor.
Numerical simulations showing the role of the downdraught in cumulonimbus motion and splitting

The results of two numerical simulations are presented. The first shows the classic deviatory motion of a multicell system, to the right of the mean tropospheric wind. The second, having a more highly sheared environment, produces a storm which splits into two after the formation of a wedge-shaped downdraught outflow. Both simulations highlight the important role played by the downdraught dynamics in establishing a regenerative forcing mechanism. In the higher shear case the updraught core exhibits a large downshear slope with rain falling into the inflow region, thus producing a split updraught core and eventually two distinct cells. The strength and direction of the relative inflow lead to the different structures and life histories of the two storm systems. The importance of the flow relative to the cell is demonstrated by considering the effects of Galilean transformations of the coordinate system.
Automatic Editing for Business Surveys: An Assessment of Selected Algorithms

Statistical offices are responsible for publishing accurate statistical information about many different aspects of society. This task is complicated considerably by the fact that data collected by statistical offices generally contain errors. These errors have to be corrected before reliable statistical information can be published. This correction process is referred to as statistical data editing. Traditionally, data editing was mainly an interactive activity with the aim to correct all data in every detail. For that reason the data editing process was both expensive and time‐consuming. To improve the efficiency of the editing process it can be partly automated. One often divides the statistical data editing process into the error localisation step and the imputation step. In this article we restrict ourselves to discussing the former step, and provide an assessment, based on personal experience, of several selected algorithms for automatically solving the error localisation problem for numerical (continuous) data. Our article can be seen as an extension of the overview article by Liepins, Garfinkel & Kunnathur (1982). All algorithms we discuss are based on the (generalised) Fellegi–Holt paradigm that says that the data of a record should be made to satisfy all edits by changing the fewest possible (weighted) number of fields. The error localisation problem may have several optimal solutions for a record. In contrast to what is common in the literature, most of the algorithms we describe aim to find all optimal solutions rather than just one. As numerical data mostly occur in business surveys, the described algorithms are mainly suitable for business surveys and less so for social surveys. For four algorithms we compare the computing times on six realistic data sets as well as their complexity.
The Effect of Baby Massage on Sleep Quality of Baby Aged 1-3 Months

Sleep quality is the quality or physiological state obtained during sleep. One way to improve sleep quality is baby massage. Baby massage is a touch therapy or direct contact with the body that can provide a feeling of security and comfort to the baby. This study aims to determine the effect of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 1-3 months. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a one group pre test post test design. The sampling technique in this study was non-probability sampling with purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 1-3 months in the working area of UPT Puskesmas Watampone, with the Wilcoxon test results obtained a significant number or probability value (0.001) much lower than the significant standard of 0.05 or (p < α), then H0 data is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is an effect of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 1-3 months in the work area of the Task Implementation Unit (UPT) of the Watampone Health Center, Bone Regency.
The effect of input size on the accuracy of a convolutional neural network performing brain tumor detection

A brain tumor can negatively affect basic bodily functions and when malignant can result in low survival rates. Many studies were conducted to detect and classify brain tumors in MRI images using a convolutional neural network (CNN) and other techniques like image preprocessing and transfer learning. However, few studies have explored the effect of specific hyperparameters on the performance of such CNNs. This study aims to investigate how the input size affects the CNN’s accuracy in brain tumor detection. Brain MRI datasets were collected and split into training, validation, and test sets. Four models with identical architectures but different input sizes of 256px×256px×3, 224px×224px×3, 128px×128px×3, and 64px×64px×3 were built using TensorFlow Keras, trained on the training set with data augmentation, and evaluated using the test sets. Of these four models, the one with 64px as input size has the best performance, yielding the highest test accuracy, 99.16%, and lowest test loss, 0.0282, whereas the 224px model has the worst performance, with the lowest accuracy, 98.06%, and highest loss, 0.0976. Accordingly, it appears that larger input sizes do not necessarily result in higher accuracy of the CNN performing brain tumor detection. Future studies on this topic may consider using a smaller input size, not only maintaining high accuracy but also significantly reducing the required time to train and the space to save the model.
Investigating profile stiffness and critical gradients in shaped TCV discharges using local gyrokinetic simulations of turbulent transport

The experimental observation made on the TCV tokamak of a significant confinement improvement in plasmas with negative triangularity (δ < 0) compared to those with standard positive triangularity has been interpreted in terms of different degrees of profile stiffness (Sauter et al 2014 Phys. Plasmas 21 055906) and/or different critical gradients. Employing the Eulerian gyrokinetic code GENE (Jenko et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 1904), profile stiffness and critical gradients are studied under TCV relevant conditions. For the considered experimental discharges, trapped electron modes (TEMs) and electron temperature gradient (ETG) modes are the dominant microinstabilities, with the latter providing a significant contribution to the non-linear electron heat fluxes near the plasma edge. Two series of simulations with different levels of realism are performed, addressing the question of profile stiffness at various radial locations. Retaining finite collisionality, impurities and electromagnetic effects, as well as the physical electron-to-ion mass ratio are all necessary in order to approach the experimental flux measurements. However, flux-tube simulations are unable to fully reproduce the TCV results, pointing towards the need to carry out radially nonlocal (global) simulations, i.e. retaining finite machine size effects, in a future study. Some conclusions about the effect of triangularity can nevertheless be drawn based on the flux-tube results. In particular, the importance of considering the sensitivity to both temperature and density gradient is shown. The flux tube results show an increase of the critical gradients towards the edge, further enhanced when δ < 0, and they also appear to indicate a reduction of profile stiffness towards plasma edge.
Semi-classical mechanics in phase space: A study of Wigner’s function

We explore the semi-classical structure of the Wigner functions Ψ(q,p) representing bound energy eigenstates | Ψ 〉 for systems with fdegrees of freedom. If the classical motion is integrable, the classical limit of Ψ is a delta function on the f-dimensional torus to which classical trajectories corresponding to |Ψ〉 are confined in the 2f-dimensional phase space. In the semi-classical limit of Ψ (ℏ small but not zero) the delta function softens to a peak of order Ψ−f and the torus develops fringes of a characteristic ‘Airy’ form. Away from the torus,Ψ can have semi-classical singularities that are not delta functions; these are discussed (in full detail when f = 1) using Thom's theory of catastrophes. Brief consideration is given to problems raised when is calculated in a representation based on operators derived from angle coordinates and their conjugate momenta. When Ψ the classical motion is non-integrable, the phase space is not filled with tori and existing semi-classical methods fail. We conjecture that (a) For a given value of non-integrability parameter ⋲,the system passes through three semi-classical régimes as ℏ diminishes. (b) For states |Ψ〉 associated with regions in phase space filled with irregular trajectories, Ψ will be a random function confined near that region of the ‘energy shell’ explored by these trajectories (this region has more thanks dimensions). (c) For ⋲ ≠ 0, ℏ blurs the infinitely fine classical path structure, in contrast to the integrable case ⋲ = 0, where ℏ imposes oscillatory quantum detail on a smooth classical path structure.
Stress analysis of gear teeth using displacement potential function and finite differences

A new numerical approach has been developed for the analysis of displacements and stresses in arbitrary‐shaped elastic bodies subjected to mixed boundary conditions. An ideal mathematical model, based on the displacement‐potential function, has been used in the finite‐difference solution to investigate the state of stresses at the critical sections of spur gear teeth. Two different types of gear tooth and two different regions of loading are included in the present analysis. The solutions found by the present approach are compared and discussed in the light of available finite‐element results in the literature. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The internal wave pattern produced by a sphere moving vertically in a density stratified liquid

Experiments were conducted to test the linear theory of internal gravity waves produced in a stably stratified liquid by the steady vertical motion of a sphere. The measurements of the phase configuration in a medium whose density increased linearly with depth were made by means of a Toepler-schlieren system. The agreement between observation and prediction was found to be good.
CT calibration and dose minimization in image-based material decomposition with energy-selective detectors

Possible advantages of energy-selective photon counting detectors compared to dual energy CT shall be evaluated in the case of a typical dual energy application: Image-based material decomposition into an iodine and a water material image. Apart from a possibly smaller spectral overlap between the low and the high energy information, a photon counting detector will probably offer more than the two necessary energy bins. In this case additional degrees of freedom are gained that allow minimizing the noise in the material images. We propose an image-based method that determines optimal bin image weighting factors for material decomposition with respect to minimal material image noise. Results indicate that a perfect photon counting detector with four bins outperforms the dual energy CT technique by a noise reduction of 22% in the water image and 43% in the iodine image. Limited detector energy resolution has only a small impact on the achieved noise reduction, the photon counting detector performs still better than the dual energy technique. However, if degrading detector effects like charge sharing and K-escape peaks are taken into account, the performance of our proposed method drops below the one of conventional dual energy CT.
Detection for channels with transition noise

Transition noise is known to be a major cause of errors for high density magnetic recording. This noise is signal dependent and can be modeled as multiplicative noise in a linear channel model. The maximum-likelihood method was not considered for detection of signals in such noise in the past. In this study, a detector model for an asymptotic maximum-likelihood (AML) detection is developed for systems with such noise. Based on a linear partial response channel model, a recursive procedure is obtained as a tree search algorithm, leading to the maximum likelihood detection asymptotically, as the tree-search depth is increased. Performance estimation will be discussed in a separate paper.
Evolution processes with continuity of types

The objective of this work is to study the long range evolutionary traits in a population with an infinite number of types; we are especially interested in the asymptotic rate of evolution, variance and type-distribution. In this paper we concentrate on an asexual population with the same probabilistic mutation force acting over all types in the population. Most results are proved under the assumption that the mutation effect is also unchanged in time; some are extended to more general cases with time-changed distribution of mutation.
Idealised numerical simulations of diurnal sea breeze characteristics over a step change in roughness

A two-dimensional hydrostatic meso-scale model is used to study possible effects of a step change in roughness on the daytime sea breeze (SB). Two approaches are employed for the calm synoptic condition with a clear sky. First, idealised numerical simulations are made with the length of aerodynamical roughness (z0) ranging from 0.05m to 0.6 m and by an increase of 0.05 m. The magnitudes are changed in all ground surface grid points. The specific features examined are the maxima of the wind velocity field, the turbulent fluxes and the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), the height of the mixed layer, the inland penetration of the SB and the slope of the SB front. Two z0 effects are pointed out: an increase in the turbulent mixing and a reduction in the wind speeds in the surface layer. Results show that a relationship between these two effects is crucial for the SB inland penetration. A moderate z0 change increases both turbulence intensity and a vertical extent of the boundary layer. An increase of both heights and magnitudes of the SB circulation, caused by a vertical extension of the turbulent field, what followed by a faster inland penetration of the SB. For larger z0 change, the effect of dissipation overcomes the effect of the SB strengthening and the inland penetration is slower. Second, an urban area is simulated only by a locally increased z0. The rough area intensifies both TKE and the SB during its growing stage. An increase of z0 also reduces the wind speed in the vicinity of the urban area and it augments the slope of the SB front.