Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-pass NGD characterization of resistive-inductive network based low-frequency circuit

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide the high-pass (HP) negative group delay (NGD) circuit based (RL) network. Synthesis and experimental investigation of HP-NGD circuit are developed. Design/methodology/approach The research work methodology is organized in three phases. The definition of the HP-NGD ideal specifications is introduced. The synthesis method allowing to determine the RL elements is developed. The validation results are discussed with comparison between the calculated model, simulation and measurement. Findings This paper shows a validation of the HP-NGD theory with responses confirming NGD optimal frequency, value and attenuation of about (9 kHz, −1.12 µs, −1.64 dB) and (21 kHz, −0.92 µs, −4.81 dB) are measured. The tested circuits have experimented NGD cut-off frequencies around 5 and 11.7 kHz. Research limitations/implications The validity of the HP-NGD topology depends on the coil self-inductance resonance. The HP-NGD effect is susceptible to be penalized by the parasitic elements of the self. Practical implications The NGD circuit is usefully exploited in the electronic and communication system to reduce the undesired delay effect context. The NGD can be used to compensate the delay in any electronic devices and system. Social implications Applications based on the NGD technology will be helpful in the communication, transportation and security research fields by reducing the delay inherent to any electronic circuit. Originality/value The originality of the paper concerns the synthesis formulations of the RL elements in function of the expected HP-NGD optimal frequency, value and attenuation. In addition, an original measurement technique of HP-NGD is also introduced.
A Literature Survey of Reverberation Modeling: With Emphasis on Bellhop Compatibility for Operational Applications

Abstract : Recent publications of reverberation and scattering strength modeling are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on investigating operationally oriented models (as opposed to research oriented) that may be compatible with the Bellhop propagation model for use within the Environment Modeling Manager (EMM). Special attention is given to the research of Dr. Dale Ellis including his normal mode reverberation model, his clutter model approach, and his scattering strength model. Recommendations are made to consider adding the Ellis normal mode model and the Harrison closed form expressions to the Environment Modeling Manager to compliment Bellhop. It is recommended that a range of bottom scattering strength models be implemented to provide a choice of grazing angle dependences. It is recommended that the Gauss surface scattering strength model be investigated to possibly replace the Ogden-Erskine model. It is also recommended that the Ainslie angle/decay rate relationship be examined to possibly provide the experimental evidence for choosing one scattering strength kernel over another at each operational site.
Fresh State, Rheological and Microstructural Characteristics of Alkali-Activated Mortars Developed Using Novel Dry Mixing Technique under Ambient Conditions

Ambient cured alkali-activated mortars (AAMs) are developed through the activation of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) by powder form reagents with silica sand using a novel dry-mixing method. The fresh state, rheological, compressive strength and microstructural characteristics of eight AAM mixes are comprehensively investigated. The effects of binary/ternary combinations/proportions of SCMs, different combinations/dosages of powder form reagents and the fundamental chemical ratios (SiO2/Al2O3, Na2O/SiO2, CaO/SiO2 and Na2O/Al2O3) present in the precursors and the reagents are investigated. The AAM mixes obtained compressive strengths ranging from 34 to 42.6 MPa with initial and final setting times between 122 and 458 min and 215 and 483 min, respectively. The yield stress and viscosity of the mixes decreased with the increase in the slump flow spread. All the mixes demonstrated pseudoplastic behavior. The microstructural analysis revealed the formation of more longer polymeric chains comprising Si-Al linkages in N-C-A-S-H/N-A-S-H gels for reagent one (calcium hydroxide:sodium metasilicate = 1:2.5) mixes, which resulted in a lower slump flow, higher yield stress, higher plastic viscosity and quicker setting times compared to their reagent two (calcium hydroxide:sodium sulfate = 2.5:1) counterparts.
Determinants of fatal road traffic accidents in the democratic republic of Congo from 2011 to 2016

Background and purpose: In many low-income countries, the increase in the number of vehicles is likely to have an impact on road traffic fatalities. The purpose of this study was to identify the determinants of fatal road traffic accidents in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study on data from road traffic accidents in 6 cities of the DRC over a period from 2011 to 2016, using data from the police stations of these 6 cities. It took into account all accidents on the public road (AVP) that were the subject of a report by police officers. Fatal traffic accident was the dependent variable while socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral and environmental determinants were the independent variables. Results: In six years, 4,635 accidents have been notified which have caused 945 fatal accidents, an overall frequency of 20.4%. After adjustment in multivariate analysis, the dry season (aOR: 1.66 95% CI: 1.411.96), public transport (aOR: 7.11 95% CI: 5.58-9.05), wrong maneuver (aOR: 2.93 95% CI: 2.22-3.87), the wrong crossing (aOR: 3.91 95% CI: 2.59-5.92) and drunk driving were (ORa: 4.32 95% CI: 3.56-5.23) were the independent determinants of fatal accidents. Conclusion: The fatal accident was linked to human and environmental factors, hence the need for behavior change awareness campaigns.
Nonlinear simulation of a flexible aircraft in maneuvering flight

A mathematical model integrating nonlinear rigid-body flight mechanics and linear aeroelastic dynamics is examined; the equations of motion for an elastic aircraft in accelerated flight are developed using Lagrangian mechanics. This approach is used to construct a simulation model of an F/A-18 (configured with tip missiles) which includes angular/elastic inertial coupling (IC). In general, the elastic modes significantly affected by IC were aerodynamically decoupled from the rest of the model. The affected modes were those which induced changes in total aircraft mass distribution. The elastic effect is noticeable if deformation-induced mass distribution changes are significant with respect to modal mass and modal frequencies. A modal parameter is presented which characterizes the level of IC between elastic momentum and rigid-body angular momentum.
SEGMENTATION OF HOUSEHOLDS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THEIR STRUCTURE IN TERMS OF MEALS WASTE

Not always do households manage purchased food efficiently, as evidenced by the scale of wasted food. As results from the PROM study on food waste, an average of 3.9 kg of food (including edible and inedible parts) was thrown away in a household per week. Understanding the determinants of household food waste is a key aspect to develop and implement education programs aimed at consumers. The aim of the study was to conduct segmentation and identify groups of consumers characterized by similar food handling, with particular emphasis on food waste. Segmentation conducted on a representative group of Poles over 18 years of age enabled the identification of five clusters. The identified groups of consumers differ in the following aspects: the number of adults, the number of children, a subjective assessment of the financial situation, the percentage of food expenses. It was found that cluster E, representing houseMarzena Tomaszewska, PhD, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Human Nutrition, ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland (marzena_tomaszewska@sggw.edu.pl). ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5733-2992. Beata Bilska, PhD, DSc, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Human Nutrition; ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland (beata_bilska@sggw.edu.pl). ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7854-4847. Danuta Kołożyn-Krajewska, PhD, DSc, ProfTit, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Human Nutrition; ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland (danuta_kolozyn_krajewska@sggw.edu.pl). ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9876-5287. DOI: 10.30858/zer/140412 * The research was financed pursuant to an agreement with the National Center for Research and Development No. Gospostrateg1/385753/1/NCBR/2018 for the implementation and financing of the project under the strategic research and development program “Social and Economic Development of Poland in Globalizing Markets – GOSPOSTRATEG” entitled “Development of the System of Monitoring the Wasted Food and of the Effective Program of Rationalization of Food Wastage” (acronym PROM). Segmentation of Households Taking Into Account Their Structure in Terms of Meals Waste 79 Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej / Problems of Agricultural Economics holds with children, prepared meals at home most often. At the same time, persons from this group most often threw out wilted fruit and vegetables, as well as potatoes, rice, and pasta. Cluster D, declaring high food expenses (61-100%), at the same time much less frequently, compared to the other groups, used meat from soup, cooked potatoes, rice, and pasta to prepare other dishes. Cluster C, declaring the best financial situation, significantly more often used wilted vegetables and fruit to prepare other dishes. Cluster A, with the largest share in the sample (almost 70%), often formed the so-called homogeneous groups with other clusters. However, it also threw away cooked starch additives and wilted fruit and vegetables more often. It should be stated that it is necessary to take measures to reduce food waste in households.
Statistical arbitrage in the freight options market

ABSTRACT We investigate whether there are consistent misspecifications of volatility in the freight options markets that can be exploited in profitable trading strategies. We derive smooth forward freight rate curves from observed market prices and convert these to term structures of historical volatility for the Capesize, Panamax and Supramax segments of the drybulk shipping market. The differences between the historical and implied volatility term structures form the basis for executing option trading strategies. We find that there exist statistical arbitrage profits in the freight option markets, suggesting a degree of market inefficiency.
Superfast high-current switching of GaAs avalanche transistor

A GaAs homojunction bipolar transistor has been developed and tested in high-current avalanche mode. The voltage across the transistor dropped from ∼300 to ∼60 V during a transient time of ∼200 ps. Current pulses of amplitude 120 A were measured across the low-ohmic load and the current risetime of ∼2 ns was limited by the parasitic inductance of the circuit. A number of switching channels of ∼10 µm in diameter were directly observed in the experiment. The switching time is shorter by a factor of ∼15 than that achievable with Si avalanche transistors.
Terrorism and the economics of trust

Previous research has shown that trust is an important component that encourages investment and capital formation which, in turn, enhances economic performance. This article investigates the effect of terrorism on income, including its indirect role through lowering trust. We consider terrorism as a factor that can increase the cost of investing in technology and capital formation due to its ability to diminish trust in an economy. We then develop a novel and rich dataset spanning 179 countries from 1968 to 2007 using associated community, social, cultural, political, and economic factors from the World Values Survey and international terrorism incidence data from ITERATE. Using empirical tests, we first show that terrorism has a negative and statistically significant impact on individual income. This impact is larger than what has previously been found, possibly due to aggregation effects and data selection. We then estimate the societal impact of terrorism on economic growth by examining the extent to which terrorism taxes trust and how this, in turn, hinders economic performance. Consequently, we develop a measure of the economic consequences of terrorism through sizing the magnitude of the ‘trust tax’ from terrorism. We find that the trust tax is relatively minor compared to the direct impact of terrorism on income.
Perceived Unsafety and Fear of Crime: The Role of Violent and Property Crime, Neighborhood Characteristics, and Prior Perceived Unsafety and Fear of Crime

ABSTRACT Perceived unsafety, fear of crime, and avoidance were studied in relation to different types of crime, crime in different time perspectives, concentrated disadvantage, collective efficacy, urbanity, age structure, and neighborhood disorder. Four data sources were used on a large Swedish city; a community survey from 2012 and 2015 among residents, census data on socio-demographics, police data on reported violent (assault and robbery in the public environment), and property crimes (arson, property damage, theft, vehicle theft, and residential burglary) and geographical information on local bus stops and annual passengers visiting these bus stops. Collective efficacy primarily, but also concentrated disadvantage, was strongly related to perceived unsafety, across 102 neighborhoods. Collective efficacy was strongly related to fear of crime. It was not viable to relate the neighborhood variables with avoidance, however. Fear of specific violent crimes was different from fear of specific property crimes and should for future reference be examined separately. Crime, visible disorder, urbanity, and age structure do not seem as important.
Who’s your Neighbour? Social Influences on Domestic Violence

Abstract We examine the impact of neighbourhood physical domestic violence on the likelihood of being exposed to physical abuse within a household using nationally representative data from the fourth wave of the National Family Health Survey of India. To address potential endogeneity issues in analysing neighbourhood influences, we utilise an instrumental variables approach that compares households in the same state but different neighbourhoods. Using exogenous variation in neighbouring women’s exposure to parental violence in her natal family as an instrument for average neighbourhood domestic violence, we find that a 1 standard deviation increase in neighbourhood domestic violence leads to a 0.2 standard deviation increase in the probability of domestic violence within a household. We establish that domestic violence is not only driven by intra-household factors but also observable changes at a neighbourhood level.
The role of low frequency components in median plane localization

The high frequency components of an auditory stimulus are considered to be the primary contribution to median plane localization. However, a number of studies have demonstrated that the low frequency components of a stimulus are also important in median plane localization. Asano et al. concluded that important cues for front-back discrimination seem to exist in the frequency range below 2 kHz. In the present paper, localization tests were performed in order to examine the contribution of low frequency components to median plane localization. In these tests, the higher (above 4,800 Hz) and lower (below 4,800 Hz) frequency components, respectively, of a wide-band white noise were simultaneously presented from different directions so that the individual components provided different directional information. The results of these tests reveal that: (1) when the source is a wide-band signal, the higher frequency components are dominant in median plane localization, whereas the lower frequency components do not contribute significantly to the localization, and (2) important cues for front-back discrimination do not exist in the low frequency range.
Modelling of microstrip open-end and gap discontinuities using an ameliorated moments method

In this work, we carry out a study of gap and open-end discontinuities, using the ameliorated moment method which eliminates the spurious solutions in the calculation of eigenmodes. A rigorous solution for radiation and surface wave generation at high frequencies is obtained. Results are given for coupling and terminal capacitance and conductance, for the extended length versus the metallic strip width, the substrate thickness, the gap width, and versus the frequency for different values of permittivity. Our results, given here in the form of curves, are compared to other results obtained by quasi-static and full-wave methods, and to experimental results.
Study on modeling of resist surface charge effect on mask blanks with charge dissipation layer in electron beam mask writers

In this paper, we will report the modeling of behaviors of low-energy secondary electrons (LSEs) in a charge effect correction system (CEC), which compensates image placement errors predicted by writing layout data, on mask blanks with and without a charge dissipation layer (CDL). For the demand of low line edge roughness and high critical dimension uniformity, the more dose-sensitivity of resist is lowered, the more a contribution of LSE is made in charge effect, because the number of primary electrons generating LSEs also increases. In such a situation of advanced lithography, we have tackled challenges of CEC system in terms of blanks with and without CDL. On blanks without CDL, CEC needs to predict the complicated charge distribution including that of LSE which is affected by electromagnetic field of optical system and already-existing resist surface charge. On blanks with CDL, CEC needs to predict LSE charge diffusing on the resist surface. In order to address these challenges, NuFlare Technology (NFT) has developed models of CEC on blanks with and without CDL. In order to verify these models, we evaluated the surface charge effect in the writing on blanks with resist of 100 μC/cm2 dose-sensitivity on electron beam mask writer EBM-9000/9500. Furthermore, as another solution besides CEC and CDL, NFT has developed a charge effect reduction (CER) system which prevents LSEs from re-entering into the resist surface. We have verified CER by comparing the experimental results between EBM9500 and EBM9500PLUS, which is the NFT’s latest variable-shaped beam with CER system.
The Effect of Using Task Based Learning Method on Student’s Achievement in Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text.

Descriptive Text is a kind of text with a purpose to give information. The context of this kind of text is the description of a particular thing, animal, person, or others, for instance: our pets or a person we know well. Unfortunately, the students feel hard to find out because no strategy or method to read descriptive text so makes the students boring. The objective of this research is to find out whether task-based learning teaching students’ reading comprehension of descriptive text to XI grade students of MA Darul Ihsan Cibungbulang Bogor. The research used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design by applying pre-test and post-test design. In this research, the writer only uses one class as the sample by using the purposive sampling technique. In collecting the data, the writer use tests as an instrument. The data was analyzed by using a t-test. The result of this research showed that using task-based learning method effective in teaching reading comprehension of descriptive text. It can be seen from the significance t-test from students’ pre-test and post-test scores that is 2.450>2.056. Based on the statistical calculation, using task-based learning method reached t calculation of 2.450 which was higher than t table of 2.056 at a significance level of 5%. It also stated a significant increase in mean score between students’ pre-test score (51.8) and post-test score (80). The statistical hypothesis revealed that there were differences between both tests. Therefore, using the task-based learning method can be effective for students’ reading comprehension of descriptive text.
A comparison of the seismic performance of precast wall construction : emulation and hybrid approaches

Two geometrically identical half-scale precast concrete wall units were constructed and tested under reversed cyclic lateral loading. One unit was conventionally reinforced designed in accordance with NZS 3101: 1995 for full ductile response. The wall panel in this unit was grouted within a slot connection cast into the foundation beam. The other unit was part of a hybrid system that incorporated post-tensioned unbonded carbon fibre tendons and steel fibre reinforced concrete. Hysteretic energy dissipation devices were introduced by incorporating low yield strength tapered longitudinal reinforcement, acting as a fuse connection between the wall panel and the foundation beam. The geometry chosen for the walls was representative of a prototype four-storey building. Comparisons between the hybrid wall system and a precast conventionally reinforced specimen are made. Benefits of the hybrid structural system are highlighted in comparison with conventional monolithic construction.
Transforming School Mental Health Services Based on a Culturally Responsible Dual-Factor Model

Abstract In this article the authors advocate for a culturally responsible dual-factor model for the delivery of mental health services in the schools. This case is made because too many children are not receiving the mental health care they need in order to succeed in school and life. This is especially true for Black, Indigenous, children of color, and other minoritized youth. This transformative approach will require a dramatic change in how school psychological services are currently being delivered. The culturally responsible dual-factor model places a much greater emphasis on psychological well-being (as opposed to psychopathology), unwavering attention to rectifying discriminatory disparities in school mental health practices, an emphasis on population-based over individually focused mental health services, and a commitment to ensuring access for all children—not just those who are receiving special education services or 504 accommodations. This model is proactive and prevention oriented and focuses on equity. The case is presented that we continue to have a mental health crisis in today’s youth with an increase in anxiety and depression. The authors conclude the article with implications for school psychology training, public policy and advocacy, and school-based practice. Impact Statement The culturally responsible dual-factor mental health framework is a transformative approach to school mental health services that is needed to address the nation’s mental health crisis. It is needed because traditional approaches, models, and practices have been too narrow and, thus, continue to fail for diverse and minoritized children, families, and schools. A culturally responsible dual-factor mental health approach expands traditional approaches by emphasizing well-being, cultural strengths of minoritized communities, accessibility of services, and systems and structures (e.g., racism) that contribute to discrimination and disparities in mental health services.
Recognising faces and reading words: investigations into visual perceptual expertise

13 Chapter one: Introduction . 14 1.1 The relationship between faces and words . 14 1.1.1 Objects of perceptual expertise. 14 1.1. 2. Key differences and similarities between faces and words . 14 1.1. 3 Meanings and measures of holistic processing . 16 1.1. 3.1 Holistic processing in faces . 16 1.1. 3.2 Holistic processing in words . 16 1.1. 4 Holistic processing as a characteristic of expertise . 18 1.1. 4.1 Holistic processing modulated by experience. 18 1.1. 4.2 Impact of specific impairments on holistic processing. 19