Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Evaluation of Bone Cut and Implant Placement Accuracy in Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of bone cuts and implant placements, simultaneously, for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed using a system with an active robotic arm. Methods: Two experienced orthopaedic surgeons performed TKA on ten cadaveric legs. Computed tomography scans were performed to compare the bone cuts and implant placements with the preoperative planning. The differences between the planned and actual bone cuts and implant placements were assessed using positional and angular errors in the three anatomical planes. Additionally, the cut–implant deviations were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed to detect systematic errors in the bone cuts and implant placements and to quantify the correlations between these errors. Results: The root-mean-square (RMS) errors of the bone cuts (with respect to the planning) were between 0.7–1.5 mm and 0.6–1.7°. The RMS implant placement errors (with respect to the planning) varied between 0.6–1.6 mm and 0.4–1.5°, except for the femur and tibia in the sagittal plane (2.9°). Systematic errors in the bone cuts and implant placements were observed, respectively, in three and two degrees of freedom. For cut–implant deviations, the RMS values ranged between 0.3–2.0 mm and 0.6–1.9°. The bone cut and implant placement errors were significantly correlated in eight degrees-of-freedom (ρ ≥ 0.67, p < 0.05). Conclusions: With most of the errors below 2 mm or 2°, this study supported the value of active robotic TKA in achieving accurate bone cuts and implant placements. The findings also highlighted the need for both accurate bone cuts and proper implantation technique to achieve accurate implant placements.
The Impact of Grit on Nurses’ Job Performance: Evaluating Chained Mediation through Perceived Social Support and Self-Esteem

Background. Nurses play a critical role in the medical workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic while facing various difficulties and challenges. Grit, social support, and self-esteem are important psychosocial factors influencing job performance. However, few studies have explored the relationships among these factors in nurses. Aim. This study aimed to examine the association between grit and nurses’ job performance during the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore the potential chain mediation through perceived social support and self-esteem. Methods. A cross-sectional survey design was employed. From January 2021 to May 2022, a total of 709 Chinese nurses in Chengdu and Kunming completed a web-based cross-sectional survey, which included standard assessments on grit, perceived social support, self-esteem, and job performance as well as Big Five personalities. The chain mediation model was tested using the PROCESS macro program in the SPSS software. Results. There was a moderate-to-large correlation (r = 0.40, p<0.001) between grit and job performance in Chinese nurses. Furthermore, grit was indirectly linked to job performance through the chain mediating effect of perceived social support and self-esteem (all p<0.05). These findings persisted even when Big Five personalities were included as additional controlling variables. Conclusions. This study reveals a stable link between grit and job performance among Chinese nurses and highlights the potential role of perceived social support and self-esteem in mediating this link. Implications for Nursing Management. Nursing managers can improve nurses’ grit level and provide a supportive organizational environment conducive to enhancing self-esteem and thereby promoting their job performance.
Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of Lightning Activity Over West Sumatra and Its Correlation with Precipitation Type

800x600 Seasonal and diurnal variations of lightning activity over West Sumatra have been investigated using observations of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission–Lightning Imaging Sensor (TRMM–LIS) over a 16-year period. This study also used TRMM 3B43 and 2A25 data to observe the correlation between lightning activity with rainfall and precipitation type. Results show that lightning occurs more frequently over land than over ocean and coastal areas, in contrast to total rainfall, which is higher over ocean and coastal areas. The lightning pattern is similar to the convective rainfall (particularly deep convective) pattern, which indicates that the majority of lightning in West Sumatra is associated with deep convective rain. The lightning intensity in Indonesia during the convection period, namely, December–January–February and September–October–November, is higher than that during other periods. The diurnal cycle of lightning coincides with the diurnal cycle of cloud migration from the ocean to inland Sumatra, as reported in previous research. Lightning and deep convective precipitation are dominant during the day and evening (16.00–20.00 Local Standard Time [LST]), particularly over land. S tratiform precipitation occurs more frequently from afternoon to early morning (16.00–04.00 LST) over land and at 00.00–12.00 LST over the ocean. Normal 0 false false false EN-ID X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
A Study on Crenulate - Shaped Bays in Coastline of Sri Lanka

Various research studies have been reported in the literature investigating the crenulate-shaped bays that are frequently seen in coastlines all over the world and these coastal bays are recognized as the most stable naturally forming beaches under oblique wave attacks mostly due to swell dominant seas. Although many crenulated bays exist in Sri Lanka coastline, no considerable attention has been given so far to investigate their characteristics. The authors have studied the temporal and spatial variations of crenulated bays in many parts of the coastline of Sri Lanka using Google Earth images. Based on the detailed analysis carried out to investigate the shape of the bay profiles using empirical formulations, a hyperbolic tangent formula has been identified as the best fit for crenulated bays in the coastline of Sri Lanka. Considering various coastal sectors and monsoon seasons, different relationships have been derived between the coefficients a and b of the hyperbolic tangent formula. A relationship that has been developed co-relating the coefficient a with few coastal parameters is also discussed. Since many parts of the Sri Lanka coastline are subjected to severe erosion despite the construction of a variety of shore protection structures in traditional ways, a new approach is suggested for carrying out such work where the coastal structures will be aligned in predetermined directions depending on the coastal stretch so that stable crenulated bays will be naturally formed in between these structures, stabilizing the entire coastal stretch. This approach will be very useful in managing coastal erosion problem in the future.
Association of Lymphovascular Invasion with Lymph Node Metastases in Prostate Cancer—Lateralization Concept

Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) patients often face uncertainties in treatment decisions, particularly regarding lymphadenectomy. This study, involving 96 PCa patients, explores the significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) laterality in influencing lymph node invasion (LNI) patterns. Out of these patients, 63.5% exhibited LVI exclusively on the left, 25.0% on the right, and 11.5% on both sides. Significant correlations were observed between LVI laterality and lymph node involvement (p < 0.001), especially on the right side. Left-sided LVI correlated with higher cancer stage (p = 0.047) and greater odds of bilateral lymph node involvement. This pioneering study emphasizes the need for future prospective, multi-center investigations, ideally incorporating preoperative LVI assessment, to refine PCa treatment decisions. Abstract Background. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a vital but often overlooked prognostic factor in prostate cancer. As debates on lymphadenectomy’s overtreatment emerge, understanding LVI laterality gains importance. This study pioneers the investigation into PCa, aiming to uncover patterns that could influence tailored surgical strategies in the future. Methods. Data from 96 patients with both LVI and lymph node invasion (LNI) were retrospectively analyzed. All participants underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) with modified-extended pelvic lymph node dissection (mePLND). All specimens underwent histopathological examination. The assessment of LVI was conducted separately for the right and left lobes of the prostate. Associations within subgroups were assessed using U-Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, as well as Kendall’s tau-b coefficient, yielding p-values and odds ratios (ORs). Results. Out of the 96 patients, 61 (63.5%) exhibited exclusive left-sided lymphovascular invasion (LVI), 24 (25.0%) had exclusive right-sided LVI, and 11 (11.5%) showed bilateral LVI. Regarding nodal involvement, 23 patients (24.0%) had LNI solely on the left, 25 (26.0%) exclusively on the right, and 48 (50.0%) on both sides. A significant correlation was observed between lateralized LVI and lateralized LNI (p < 0.001), particularly in patients with right-sided LVI only. LN-positive patients with left-sided LVI tended to have higher pT stages (p = 0.047) and increased odds ratios (OR) of bilateral LNI (OR = 2.795; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.231–6.348) compared to those with exclusive right-sided LVI (OR = 0.692; 95% CI: 0.525–0.913). Conclusions. Unilateral LVI correlates with ipsilateral LNI in PCa patients with positive LNs, notably in cases of exclusively right-sided LVI. Left-sided LVI associates with higher pT stages and a higher percentage of bilateral LNI cases.
Fate and transport of pathogens in a fractured aquifer in the Salento area, Italy

This study investigates the fate and transport of pathogens introduced by artificial groundwater recharge at the Nardò fractured aquifer in the Salento area, Italy. Wastewater effluents from a municipal treatment plant with known pathogen concentrations were injected into a sinkhole and the migration of pathogens in the fractured aquifer was monitored at six sampling wells. The fate of pathogens was quantified by a mathematical model describing colloid transport in a set of three‐dimensional, parallel fractures with spatially variable aperture. The number of parallel fractures and their average fracture aperture were determined from appropriate field pumping and tracer tests. The aperture spatial distribution was described by an experimental semivariogram developed from available field data obtained from two tracer tests and 34 pumping tests. The experimental results suggest that for the municipal wastewater injected into the Nardò aquifer the required most conservative set back distance for drinking wells should be over 8000 m.
CHEMICAL SPECIATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN THE SOIL OF THE AGRICULTURAL AREA IN HUAINAN, CHINA

In this study, 30 soil samples were collected from the agricultural area of Huainan of Anhui Province, China. The concentrations of six toxic trace elements were determined, the distribution characteristics and chemical speciation were analyzed, the pollution status and potential ecological risk of trace elements were comprehensively evaluated by single factor index, geo-accumulation Index ( I geo ), the potential ecological risk index and RAC code method. Results showed that the average concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd in soil were 20.19±8.20, 18.17±4.67, 37.61±10.85, 10.76±3.73, 40.61±15.06, 0.14±0.05 mg/kg, respectively. With increasing soil depth, the concentration of Cr increases while Cd and Pb decrease. It is speculated that Cd and Pb were affected by anthropogenic activities. All the trace elements mainly associate with the residual fraction indicating lower mobility and Cd exists in a relative higher carbonate bound form suggesting it pose a great mobility and bioavailability. The single factor index and the geo-accumulation index ( I geo ) indicate that pollution caused by Cd to a certain degree of pollution, while pollution caused by other elements belong to the level of uncontaminated. The results of the potential ecological risk index and RAC also shows that Cd has an extremely strong potential ecological risk. Attention should be paid to the pollution caused by Cd. This study provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of soil pollution and for agricultural products safety in the study area.
Evaluation of the pedodiversity, agronomical quality and environment protection ability of the soil cover of Estonian croplands

The diversity, humus status, productivity and environment protection ability of cropland soils were studied in the mild and wet pedoclimatic conditions of Estonia, located in the mixed-forest region of the North European temperate zone. Proceeding from the pedocentric principle, the soil cover is treated as a causal factor largely determining the land use, productivity level, soil management technology and environmental status of the area. The research is based on soil data from seven arable land parcels of three experimental stations, where the Cambisols, Luvisols, Retisols, Leptosols and Gleysols are dominating. The taxonomic heterogeneity and contrastiveness of arable soils were estimated at the most detailed level of soil taxa. To determine the humus cover types (pro humus forms) and to evaluate the agronomical quality of soils, the guidelines elaborated for local pedoecological conditions were employed. The environment protection ability of soils was evaluated as a complex indicator, which comprises the biological and physical properties of soil cover, soil climate and the character of soil cover substratum. For quantifying the pedodiversity of soil cover and the contrastiveness of soil taxa, it is recommended to use the mineral soil pedoecological matrix with lithogenetic and moisture scalars, and the matrix of topand subsoil texture. The best indicators of the pedodiversity of arable lands are the soil classification taxa determined at the most detailed level and the statistically elaborated data about their spatial distribution and properties. For the precise land use the evaluation of the agronomical quality of soil cover and its suitability for crops in relation to its whole heterogeneity is indispensable. The most informative pedodiversity indicator of arable soil humus status is the humus cover type. Additionally, the problems connected with pedo-ecological equivalence and soil type-specific biodiversity are discussed. The quantitative indicators of pedodiversity enable arranging the use of croplands in harmony with the pedo-ecological properties soil cover.
Assessment of ecosystems: A system for rigorous and rapid mapping of floodplain forest condition for Australia's most important river

Methods that provide rapid assessments of changing ecosystems at multiple scales are needed to inform management to address undesirable change. We developed a remote‐sensing method in partnership with, and for use by, natural resource managers to predict annually stand condition of floodplain forests along Australia's longest river, the Murray River. A measure of stand condition, which was developed in collaboration with responsible natural resource managers, is a function of plant area index, crown extent, and the percentage live basal area. We surveyed a broad range of spatial and temporal variation in condition, built predictive stand‐condition models using satellite‐derived variables, and validated predictions with surveys of new sites. A multiyear model using data from 2 drought years and a year following extensive floods provided better predictions of stand condition than did models on the basis of the data for individual years. The model provided good predictions for data collected after the build for 50 sites and for resurveys of build sites in later years (R2 ≥ 0.86). There was limited, temporary improvement in stand condition after the extensive flooding (2010 to late 2010) that followed a 13‐year (1997 to early 2010) drought. Forest condition can be mapped accurately and annually at medium resolution (25 × 25 m) for large areas (100,000s ha) if quantitative ground surveys, satellite imagery, machine learning, and future validation are combined. Regular assessments of forest condition can be related to likely causes of change by using regular, rapid assessments and hence can provide important management information.
Indoor Black Carbon Concentrations and their Sources in Residential Environments: Validation of an Input-adaptive Proxy Model

Exposure to black carbon (BC) in the residential environment was found to be positively associated with elevated blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. However, BC has been under-measured and under-studied compared to other common indoor gaseous and particulate pollutants. Representative indoor mass concentrations of equivalent black carbon (eBC) and the sources' contribution from indoors and outdoors in real-life residential environments in 40 German households were evaluated and presented in this work. During the 500 measurement days, the mean indoor eBC mass concentration was 0.6 µ g m –3 , which is less than half of the outdoor concentration in the urban background in Germany. However, common indoor sources contributed differently to indoor eBC, which also resulted in higher mass concentrations in the cold season than in the warm season. Indoor pollutant measurements are often performed with only a limited number of instruments and pollutant data. To fill in the missing knowledge of indoor BC, a proxy model was developed. This proxy model can predict indoor eBC concentrations based on existing indoor databases or in cases where direct measurements of indoor eBC concentrations are not available. Due to the complex influence of climate and indoor activities, the model separated six scenarios for weather (including warm and cold seasons) and indoor activities (burning, non-burning, and other activities) for typical urban residential environments in Germany. In this study, indoor eBC mass concentrations were found to be best estimated by indoor and outdoor PM 1 . For different scenarios, the model achieved a satisfactory to good coefficient of determination (0.49 < R 2 < 0.77). With the aid of this model, a more accurate prediction of indoor eBC mass concentration and the resulting exposure and health risk assessment can be achieved for households under similar climatic conditions and activity habits of the occupants, e.g., in Central Europe.
E ﬀ ect of Di ﬀ erent Types of Organic Manure on Oil and Fa tt y Acid Accumulation and Desaturase Gene Expression of Oilseed Flax in the Dry Areas of t he Loess Plateau of China

: In order to understand the mechanism of action of oil and fa tt y acid accumulation and desaturase gene expression in how oilseed ﬂ ax responds to di ﬀ erent fertilization conditions, a three-factor split-plot experiment was conducted to investigate the accumulation trends of oil and fa tt y acids. The results revealed that soluble sugar (SS) and sucrose (SUC) contents decreased, and the starch (ST) content increased gradually with the grain development and maturity of oilseed ﬂ ax. The application of sheep manure promoted the accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates in the grains. Soluble sugar (SS) and sucrose (SUC) contents were negatively correlated with the oil content. Compared with chemical fertilizer, organic manure decreased the total saturated fa tt y acid but increased the unsaturated fa tt y acid. Organic manure signi ﬁ cantly upregulated the expression of various genes, and fad2a gene expression was higher with the 5.8 t ha − 1 chicken manure treatment. The 25 t ha − 1 sheep manure treatment was more conducive to the expression of fad3a and fad3b genes and promoted the accumulation of linolenic acid (LIN), and the LIN content increased by 0.64– 3.90% compared with other treatments. Consequently, an ongoing anthropogenic sheep manure input may impact the regulation of grain oil quality and yield per unit area.
Characteristics of PM and PAHs Emitted from Oil-fired Process

Sampling and analysis of NO x , SO 2 , filterable particulate matter (FPM), FPM 2.5 , condensable particulate matter (CPM), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from an oil-fired boiler equipped with efficiency of electrostatic precipitator (ESP) as air pollution control devices (APCDs) were conducted. Moreover, the emission characteristics of these pollutants were also evaluated at two loadings, i
Liposomes Coated with Novel Synthetic Bifunctional Chitosan Derivatives as Potential Carriers of Anticancer Drugs

In this study, liposomes coated with novel multifunctional polymers were proposed as an innovative platform for tumor targeted drug delivery. Novel Folic acid–Cysteine-Thiolated chitosan (FTC) derivatives possessing active targeting ability and redox responsivity were synthesized, characterized, and employed to develop FTC-coated liposomes. Liposomes were characterized for size, surface charge and drug encapsulation efficiency before and after coating. The formation of a coating layer on liposomal surface was confirmed by the slight increase in particle size and by zeta-potential changes. FTC-coated liposomes showed a redox-dependent drug release profile: good stability at physiological conditions and rapid release of liposome-entrapped calcein in presence of glutathione. Moreover, the uptake and cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin-loaded FTC-coated liposomes was evaluated on murine B16-F10 and human SKMEL2 melanoma cancer cells. Results demonstrated enhanced uptake and antitumor efficacy of FTC-coated liposomes compared to control chitosan-coated liposomes in both cancer lines, which is attributed to higher cellular uptake via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis and to triggered drug release by the reductive microenvironment of tumor cells. The proposed novel liposomes show great potential as nanocarriers for targeted therapy of cancer.