Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reasons for Inadequate Vaccination after Splenectomy

Summary The aim of this study was to analyze the reasons why the guidelines for post-splenectomy vaccination are not being followed. Considering that vaccination reduces the risk of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection, it is important to determine the reasons for inadequate vaccination after splenectomy. Our research was a qualitative study based on interviews with six surgeons, one general practitioner and three patients who underwent splenectomy, and on the review of patient’s medical charts and discharge summaries. This study has shown that health care team and patients lack sufficient knowledge about postsplenectomy vaccination. In addition, the study has shown that splenectomy registers, medical bracelets and up-to-date vaccination cards still have not become part of our current practice. Our study has shown that patient education and health care team education is crucial to follow the guidelines for post-splenectomy vaccination, which is similar to most other reports. In order to increase the level of post-splenectomy vaccination, we need to upgrade the education of health care teams and patients. Moreover, we need to start using splenectomy registers, medical bracelets and up-to-date vaccination cards. Sažetak Cilj ove studije bio je da se analiziraju razlozi zbog kojih se ne prate vodiči za postsplenektomijsku vakcinaciju. Imajuću u vidu da vakcinacija smanjuje rizik od ozbiljnih postsplenektomijskih sepsi, važno je da se odrede razlozi za neadekvatne vakcinacije nakon splenektomije. Naša studija je kvalitativna, bazirana na intervjuima sa šestoro hirurga, jednim lekarom opšte prakse i tri pacijenta koji su bili podvrgnuti splenektomiji, kao i na uvidima u kartone i otpusne liste bolesnika. Ustanovljeno je da zdravstveni tim i bolesnici imaju nedovoljno znanja o postsplenektomijskoj vakcinaciji. Takođe, ustanovljeno je da splenektomijski registri, medicinske narukvice, kao i karton vakcinacije i dalje nisu deo naše prakse. Naša studija je pokazala da je obrazovanje bolesnika, kao i medicinskog tima, krucijalno da bi se pratili vodiči za postsplenektomijsku vakcinaciju, što je u skladu sa rezultatima drugih studija. Kako bi se povećao stepen primene postsplenektomijske vakcinacije, neophodno je poboljšati edukaciju medicinskog tima i bolesnika, kao što je neophodno početi sa korišćenjem splenektomijskih registara, medicinskih narukvica i kartona vakcinacije.
Significant Others And Social Alcohol Use In Adolescents

Summary The association between adolescent drinking and drinking of significant others is well known but underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between social drinking in adolescents and drinking patterns of their significant others. We conducted a survey using a self-completed questionnaire on alcohol drinking habits. Of 903 students (aged 15-19), 279 (30.9%) were found to be abstainers (NDA) and 455 (50.39%) – social drinkers (SDA). These two groups were compared statistically about drinking patterns of their significant others. It was found that SDA were more likely to have fathers (OR=0.26; 95%CI=0.19-0.37), mothers (OR=0.26; 95%CI=0.19-0.37), friends (OR=0.26; 95%CI=0.19-0.37) and lovers (OR=0.26; 95%CI=0.19-0.37) that drank socially than NDA, but there were no significant differences in regular drinking of their fathers, friends and lovers. Only SDA mothers were more likely to drink regularly (OR=0.26; 95%CI=0.19-0.37). SDA were also more likely to receive alcohol offers from all their significant others, except from lovers. Social drinking in adolescence seems to be strongly socially motivated by drinking modeling and social pressure. The SDA mothers’ regular drinking is hard to explain in terms of social learning and social control theory and needs an alternative explanation.
Design of high‐performance flexible symmetric supercapacitors energized by redox‐mediated hydrogels including metal‐doped acidic polyelectrolyte

The fabrication of flexible supercapacitors was achieved by employing the novel redox‐activated polymer electrolytes comprising poly(vinylphosphonic acid) (PVPA) and nickel nitrate Ni(NO3)2, Ni. The hydrogels, PVPA/NiX, were produced in various contents, in which X denotes the doping fraction of Ni in PVPA. The structure, thermal, and morphology of the materials were characterized, and then they were applied for construction of supercapacitors. The performance evaluations of the fabricated devices were carried out by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic charge‐discharge, and cyclic voltammetry experiments. Flexible supercapacitor devices assembled with activated carbon (AC) electrodes and PVPA/NiX hydrogels produced 793 F g−1 specific capacitance with 30 times enhanced capacitance compared with Ni‐free system. The energy density of 103.1 Wh kg−1 was yielded from the device at a power density of 500 W kg−1. The supercapacitor demonstrated an excellent performance during 5.000 charge‐discharge cycles, while preserving 84% of its initial capacitance. The supercapacitor constructed of 1 × 5 cm dimension, successfully operates the LED after charging at 3 V.
Effects of perceived brand authenticity in health functional food consumers

The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze how brand authenticity (BA) as perceived by consumers who take health functional foods (HFF) strengthen the brand relationship quality (BRQ) and positively affects brand loyalty. ,The five sub-dimensions of BA perceived by HFF consumers, elicited through a focus group interview, were conceptualized as a second-order reflective construct. To identify the influences of the sub-dimensions of BA on each construct of the BRQ and the influence on brand loyalty though mediating BRQ, an empirical analysis was done using partial least squares-based structural equation modeling. ,All the sub-dimensions of BA positively affect each of the BRQ s (brand satisfaction, brand trust and brand commitment) excepting product authenticity on brand commitment, and originality on brand trust. The impact of BA positively affects brand loyalty by mediating brand relationship qualities. ,It is found that BA is an important antecedent for forming BRQ with consumers in the HFF industry, in which building trust with consumers is important. BA is an important factor in brand management of HFF.
Sexual Function in Women Using DMPA Injection and Copper Intrauterine Device

Objectives: To study sexual function and the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and copper intrauterine device (copper IUD) contraceptives. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2014 to April 2015 between 88 DMPA users and 88 copper IUD users, aged 25-40 years, who attended the Family planning clinic, Ramathibodi Hospital. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Information about sexual function over the previous 4 weeks was assessed using the Thai version Female Sexual Function Index Questionnaire (FSFI). Results: The mean age of DMPA and copper IUD users was 30.51±4.67 and 31.66±3.59 years old, respectively (P > 0.05). All demographic and basis clinical characteristics between two groups were similar. Regarding sexual function, overall and 5 individual domain scores (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm and satisfaction) of the FSFI were not different. The only statistically significant difference in FSFI scores was pain domain, which was 4.66±0.94 and 5.11±0.82 in DMPA and copper IUD users, respectively (P < 0.05). The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in DMPA and copper IUD users was 77.3% and 80.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction in DMPA and copper IUD users were rather high. Although the overall sexual function between DMPA and copper IUD users were not different, but sexual pain was found in DMPA users more than copper IUD users.
Characterization of strong preserver operators of convex equivalent on the space of all real sequences tend to zero

In this work we consider all bounded linear operators T : c 0 → c 0 that preserve convex equivalent relation ∼ c on c 0 and we denote by P ce ( c 0 ) the set of such operators. If T strongly preserves convex equivalent, we denote them by P sce ( c 0 ) . Some interesting properties of P ce ( c 0 ) are given. For T ∈ P ce ( c 0 ) , we show that all rows of T belong to (cid:96) 1 and for any j ∈ N , we have 0 ∈ Im( T e j ) , also there are a , b ∈ Im( T e j ) such that co( T e j ) = [ a , b ] . It is shown that all row sums of T belong to [ a , b ] . We characterize the elements of P ce ( c 0 ) , and some interesting results of all T ∈ P sce ( c 0 ) are given, for example we prove that a = 0 < b or a < 0 = b . Also the elements of P sce ( c 0 ) are characterized. We obtain the matrix representation of T ∈ P sce ( c 0 ) does not contain any zero row. Some relevant examples are given.
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Reporting Quality in Nigeria: An Assessment of Selected Quoted Firms

This study investigates the effect of IFRS adoption on reporting quality in Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced from financial reports of a sample of 79 quoted Nigerian firms, with the help of Nimegen Centre for Economics (NiCE) qualitative reporting index for reporting quality. The study covered a period of 10 years, i.e. 2007 to 2011 as SAS regime and 2012 to 2016 IFRS regime. ANOVA test and descriptive analysis, were utilised for the analysis. The study concludes that, IFRS adoption has made significant positive difference in the extent of reporting quality. It is recommended that Nigerian firms should adopt appropriate measures to improve the level of relevance, comparability and verifiability of their financial reports through provision of more forward looking information, reduction in the use of technical jargons and appointment of more reputable audit firms.
Detection of aflatoxigenic fungi in imported raw nuts using the dichlorvos-ammonia (DV-AM) method

The dichlorvos-ammonia (DV-AM) method is a simple and sensitive visual method for detecting aflatoxigenic fungi. Since aflatoxin contamination has been frequently reported in ground nuts and tree nuts in many countries, we herein used the DV-AM method for the detection of aflatoxigenic fungi in imported raw nuts and seeds: peanuts from South Africa, macadamia nuts from Australia, pistachio nuts from Iran, macadamia nuts from Kenya, almond nuts from California, U.S., cashew nuts from Viet Nam, hazelnuts from Turkey, pumpkin seeds from China, sunflower seeds from Bulgaria, and walnuts from the U.S. Using the DV-AM method revealed that yellow fungal colonies surrounding the peanuts and the macadamia nuts were changed to red by ammonia treatment. Thin-layer chromatography analyses showed that the red fungi from the peanuts produced mainly aflatoxin B 1 and the red fungi from the macadamia nuts produced mainly aflatoxins B 1 and G 1 . Based on their calmodulin gene sequences, the peanuts' fungi were identified as Aspergillus flavus , and those from macadamia nuts from Australia were Aspergillus parasiticus . Aflatoxigenic fungi were not detected in the other nuts and seeds. These results demonstrate that the DV-AM method can be used to detect aflatoxigenic fungi in various imported foods. This method will also be useful for the determination of cri-tial control points for food safety at different stages of the food chain: har-vesting, sorting, washing, various food processes, and transporting.
Seasonality of spatial patterns of abundance, biomass, and biodiversity in a demersal community of the NW Mediterranean Sea

Information on the spatial patterns and habitat preferences of marine species is key to understand the functioning of marine ecosystem and to manage and protect marine resources efficiently. However, the study of spatial patterns of marine ecosystems is challenging because they are dynamic environments that can vary seasonally. We analysed the spatial patterns of abundance, biomass, and biodiversity (richness and Shannon indices) of a northwestern Mediterranean demersal community and changes in these patterns between two different seasons. We modelled observed spatial patterns by season using hierarchical Bayesian spatial models and environmental, physical and anthropogenic factors. We identified the main drivers of fish, cephalopods, crustaceans and demersal assemblage spatial and seasonal patterns. Overall, our findings revealed the importance of seasonality in the spatial patterns of the demersal community, which were mainly driven by sea surface temperature. Results also underlined important patterns of movements of demersal organisms: fishes showed a general move from the upper-slope in winter to the continental shelf in summer, cephalopods showed a move from the northern part of the study area in winter to the southern part in summer, and crustaceans showed high densities in the area surrounding the Ebro Delta River in winter mainly driven by species-specific behaviour. Our results are relevant to inform future management measures 1 in the study area, such as seasonal fishing restrictions to protect specific aggregations of organisms during reproduction or feeding, or to adapt local marine protected areas to seasonal processes. This study provides evidence of the need to expand current monitoring schemes to capture the seasonality of marine demersal communities for a more comprehensive marine spatial planning framework.
Bomb or build? How party ideologies affect the balance of foreign aid and defence spending

This article contributes to a growing literature that questions the traditional ‘politics stops at the water’s edge’ paradigm. Left- and right-wing parties hold diverging ideologies and articulate specific party programmes regarding policy priorities in the realm of foreign and security affairs. The impact of partisan contestations over foreign policy priorities can be traced in defence and foreign aid spending. We understand this ‘bomb-or-build’-balance as two sides of a coin which shapes the international posture of democracies. Our quantitative analysis of 21 OECD countries (1988–2014) reveals that the ideological positions of the parties in government influence the relative importance of military expenditures versus foreign aid. The more the ideological position of a government is tilted towards the military (and against internationalism), the more the ‘bomb-or-build’-balance shifts in favour of military spending (and in disfavour of foreign aid).
Refugees and social capital: Evidence from Northern Lebanon

Despite numerous studies on the social and political impact of refugees in Europe, we have very little systematic evidence on the impact of refugee settlement on social cohesion in the developing world. Using data gathered in Northern Lebanon, we show that increased salience of the "refugee crisis" decreases natives' trust and prosocial preferences toward refugees, suggesting a negative impact of mass refugee settlement. However, this negative impact is driven exclusively by respondents with no individual exposure to refugees. In fact, despite concerns that refugee settlements may result in local conflict, we find that individual proximity to refugees is positively correlated with trust towards refugees, and that proximity has a positive spillover effect on social capital towards other migrants. This implies that, while the refugee crisis may have had a negative impact on social cohesion, this negative impact is mitigated in areas where natives are in contact with refugees.
Borderline personality disorder: part 1 – assessment and diagnosis

SUMMARY General adult psychiatrists are largely responsible for the care of patients with personality disorders in community and in-patient settings, and this can be associated with diagnostic and management challenges. In the first of two articles focusing specifically on borderline personality disorder (BPD), we summarise the core clinical features of the disorder and discuss appropriate diagnostic practice.
Detection of Sigatoka Disease in Plantain Using IoT and Machine Learning Techniques

Achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2 (UN SDG2) infers an imperative to urgently increase food production by up to 70%. However, concerns have risen that increases in food production have not kept pace with increase in world population, which is estimated to reach 10 billion people by the year 2050. In this paper, an IoT with machine learning based system was developed to acquire and process significant indicators such as temperature, moisture, humidity and leave images for the detection of Sigatoka disease in plantain. Appropriate sensors for detecting the stated disease indicators were interfaced with Raspberry Pi3 microcontroller module to collate and transmit the sensor data wirelessly to ThingSpeak, which is the selected cloud based IoT platform. The acquired leave images were further processed using two image descriptors, namely: Scalable Color Descriptor (SCD) and Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) to extract discriminative color and texture features respectively. The features were then classified to detect the diseased or non-diseased class using Multilayer PerceptronArtificial Neural Network (MLP-ANN). The best accuracy of 98% was produced using the HOG descriptor.
Insight into TaWRKYs transcription factors role during wheat growth and Septoria defense.

Triticum aestivum is the major food source in many parts of the world, providing approximately 20% of calories consumed by humans. The pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici that causes Septoria Tritici Blotch (STB), is currently the main threat to wheat production, with an average yield loss of 20%. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underpin the Septoria-wheat interaction will be crucial for generating new control strategies against STB. WRKY transcription factors are important components of signaling in plants, regulating many molecular mechanisms in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Published data demonstrate that there are at least 3 wheat WRKYs (TaWRKY) that show altered expression upon Septoria infection. The hormone jasmonic acid (JA) plays key role in biotic stress response, but also in a diverse array of plant processes including development, reproduction, and response to abiotic stress. Most of our understanding of the JA signaling pathway derives from the dicot model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, while corresponding knowledge in wheat is somewhat limited. Via bioinformatics analysis we identified TaWRKY10 and TaWRKY13 genes in wheat and validated the role of two of them during Septoria infection response. Moreover we have been able to demonstrate that TaWRKY10 is a key component of the JA signalling pathway. We specifically identified its role and downstream targets, as well as 6 putative regulators of its transcription. TaWRKY10 acting at the JA perception level couples growth and immunity. As growth and immunity are inversely correlated, investigating the molecular basis of their correlation could lead to the discovery of novel breeding tools.
Effect of switching from natalizumab to moderate- vs high-efficacy DMT in clinical practice

Objective To assess the real-world comparative effectiveness of switching from natalizumab (NTZ) to a moderate-efficacy (Mod) disease-modifying therapy (DMT) vs high-efficacy therapy (HET) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods Patients discontinuing NTZ at two MS centers (n = 556) who switched to Mod DMT (n = 270) vs HET (n = 130) were assessed using propensity score (PS) weighting. PS model covariates included demographics and baseline clinical and MRI characteristics. All outcomes were reported as Mod DMT vs HET. Results Of the patients included in the study, 48.6% switched to Mod DMT (dimethyl fumarate, n = 130; fingolimod, n = 140) vs 23.4% who switched to HET (ocrelizumab, n = 106; rituximab, n = 17; alemtuzumab, n = 7). Within the first 6 months post-NTZ, switchers to Mod DMT experienced comparable relapses (odds ratio [OR] = 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.72–1.66], p = 0.724), although they had increased MRI activity on treatment (OR = 2.59, 95% CI [1.09–3.57], p = 0.037). By 24 months post-NTZ, there was no difference in the annualized relapse rate (OR = 1.44, 95% CI [0.69–1.59], p = 0.334) or time to first clinical relapse (HR = 2.12, 95% CI [0.87–5.17], p = 0.090), although switchers to Mod DMT had higher gadolinium-enhancing (GdE) lesions (OR = 3.62, 95% CI [1.56–5.21], p = 0.005), earlier time to first GdE lesion (HR = 6.67, 95% CI [2.06–9.16], p = 0.002), lower proportion with the absence of disease activity (OR = 0.41, 95% CI [0.21–0.71], p = 0.004), and higher risk of disability progression on T25FW (OR = 1.83, 95% CI [1.06–3.02], p = 0.043) and 9-HPT (OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.05–3.56], p = 0.044). Conclusion Patients switching from NTZ to Mod DMT vs HET were at relatively increased risk of disease activity within the first 6 months of NTZ withdrawal that was sustained at 24 months, yielding greater disability progression.
Micro-CT study of Middle Ordovician Spumellaria (radiolarians) from western Newfoundland, Canada

Abstract. A new, previously undescribed Middle Ordovician (middle Darriwilian: Dw2) radiolarian assemblage has been recovered from the Table Cove Formation at Piccadilly Quarry, western Newfoundland. Constituents of the fauna described herein are both distinctive and exceptionally well preserved. Three-dimensional X-ray micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) is used to make a detailed examination of four key spumellarian specimens. This technology enables visualization of hitherto ambiguous details of the internal morphologies of key lower Paleozoic taxonomic groups, among which a lack of knowledge has impeded resolution of higher taxonomic rankings.
Validation of diabetic ulcer severity score

Background: To assess the efficacy of Diabetic Ulcer Severity Score (DUSS), a wound-based clinical scoring system for diabetic foot ulcers in anticipating the clinical outcomes. Design: Prospective study. Methods: Total of 200 Diabetic patients with foot ulcers attending surgical outpatient clinic or admitted into the hospital, irrespective of duration of ulcer from February 2014 to November 2015 were included in the study. Necessary data was collected. DUSS score was calculated for each patient and analysis was done using SPSS package version 17. Results: Most commonly ulcers were of DUSS Score of 2 and 3. Overall 107 of 200 people had amputations in our study. Amputations were more common in patients with DUSS score 4 followed by 3. Major amputation was common in patients with DUSS score 4, none of the patients with score 0, 1 and 2 had major amputation, minor amputations were more common in patients with DUSS score of 3. The probability of healing without amputation with score 0 was 100% and decreases to 5.71% with score 4. Conclusions: DUSS scoring system provides an easy diagnostic tool for anticipating probability of healing /amputation and need for surgery by combining four clinically assessable wound based parameters. It can be very helpful for the stratification of study groups depending on severity of ulcers and it provides a simple, streamlined approach in a clinical setting that requires no investigative equipment although subsequent adequate Wound care is an indispensable prerequisite to the DUSS being a valid diagnostic tool.