Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic outbreak: a review of plausible scenarios of containment and mitigation for Mexico

We present here several variants of a mathematical model to explore three main issues related to SARS-CoV-2 spread in scenarios similar to those present in Mexico and elsewhere in Latin America. We explore the consequences for travel inside a given region, in this case Mexico, particularly focusing on airplane transportation but attempting to give a gross approximation to terrestrial movement since this is the main form of population movement across geographical areas in the country; then we proceed to study the effect of behavioral changes required to lower transmission by lowering the contact rate and infection probability and lastly, we explore the consequences of disease spread in a population subject to social isolation.These models are not suitable for predictive purposes although some rough predictions can be extracted from them. They are presented as a tool that can serve to explore plausible scenarios of spread and impact, effectiveness and consequences of contention and mitigation policies. Given the early stage at which the epidemic is at the date of writing in Mexico, we hope these ideas can be helpful for the understanding of the importance of isolation, social distancing and screening of the general population.
COVID-19 in newborns and in children: the state of the art

Novel COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease of public health concern because it is caused by a newly identified pathogen, against which humans have no pre-existing immunity. Since its outbreak, a growing number of studies have examined COVID-19 in adults, but the data on its epidemiological and clinical characteristics in newborns and in children are few and patchy. Children appear to develop moderate-mild or silent forms of the disease; to our knowledge, only two cases of death (a 14-year-old and a 16-year-old teenagers) have been reported. Arguably, the number of pediatric cases may be underestimated, since presumably cases with mild or no symptoms are not brought to the doctor’s attention. We have selected the most interesting and significant papers (including some pre-publication or ahead-of-print papers). The key factors in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, available data on pregnancy, the neonatal period, and later are discussed. A review of pediatric cases is available and 3 practical algorithms help the reader in clinical choices. Finally, diagnostic criteria and treatment are presented.
Elements influence international tourists’ satisfaction

Article history: Received: February 16, 2020 Received in revised format: March 27 2020 Accepted: March 29, 2020 Available online: April 1, 2020 This study attempted to identify decisive factors having important impacts on international tourists’ satisfaction in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). By conducting a survey of 2,073 foreign visitors in HCMC, this paper explored nine determinants and their effect levels on international tourists’ destination satisfaction. Quantitative approach was mainly applied with statistical techniques used as exploratory factor, reliability, and multiple regressions analyses. The result indicated that eight out of nine factors significantly affect international tourists’ satisfaction. The nine determinants of foreign tourists’ satisfaction include cultural and historical attraction, tourist service infrastructure, local cuisine, safety and security, entertainment, destination image, negative attributes, perceived price, and natural environment; in which destination image had the strongest effect on satisfaction of international tourists in HCMC. These findings provide practical implications for practitioners, policy makers, and Department of Tourism HCMC.
The Differential Impact of Leverage on the Default Risk of Small and Large Firms

Abstract We analyse a sample of 6 million firm-year observations of large corporations and small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) spanning 6 European countries from 2005 to 2015, to determine the impact of leverage and different sources of funding on default risk. We find that financial leverage has a greater impact on the probability of default of SMEs than of large corporations. The difference in default probability between the top and bottom leverage quartiles is 1.24% for large firms and 2.87% for SMEs. This difference may be explained by the greater exposure of SMEs to short-term debt and their consequently higher refinancing risk. Indeed, we find that SMEs that recover from the state of insolvency may have similar leverage to defaulted SMEs; however their liability structure is significantly altered towards long-term debt and away from short-term debt. Our findings have important implications not only for bank regulators and policy-makers but also for credit risk modelling.
Increasing the biogas yield of a floating drum anaerobic digester using poultry droppings with banana (Musa Paradisiacal) peels

An anaerobic digester was used to generate biogas using poultry droppings and banana (Musa paradisiacal) peels. The digester was tested twice with a retention period of 35 days. The first test (control) was carried out with poultry droppings and water as the feedstock using a ratio of 1:2 kg. The second test was carried out using poultry droppings, water and banana (Musa paradisiacal) peels as the feedstock using a ratio of 1: 2: 3 kg. The temperature of the slurry in the bio-digester was monitored and recorded three times daily. The ambient temperature measured during the first stage of the study was between 21–34°C while the slurry temperature was between 21 and 39.3°C. For the second stage of the study, the ambient temperature measured was between 21 and 32°C while the temperature of slurry measured was between 19.8 and 38°C. Higher ambient temperatures during the first test were responsible for the slurry temperature. The total volume of biogas produced during digestion for the first test was 83.38 litres while 121.3 litres was generated during the second test. The study shows that the biogas yield of the anaerobic digester was increased when poultry droppings were mixed with banana (Musa paradisiacal) peels. Banana peels aided the digestion of poultry droppings in the digester.
A Study of the Association Between IL-17 and HOMA-IR in Iraqi Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the furthermost common form of DM which is identified by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency. This study aims to detect the role of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in patients with T2DM compared with the healthy control and to investigate the relationship between IL-17 and insulin resistance. The study involved 50 Iraqi T2DM patients, randomly selected with an age range of 33-71 years . For the purpose of comparison, 30 Iraqi healthy persons with an age range of 33-71 years were also included. Patients and control groups were characterized in terms of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),fasting serum glucose (FSG) and lipid profile. The means of IL-17 (368.45 vs. 128.50 pg/ml), HOMA-IR (7.94vs. 2.14),FSG (152.82 vs. 81.53 mg/dl), fasting serum insulin (FSI) level (19.37 vs. 10.71 μIU/ml), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL),and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly higher in T2DM patients as compared to controls. While, levels of Total Cholesterol (TC)and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)showed non-significant differences. In conclusion, IL-17 seems to play a significant role as a risk factor for the development of T2DM.Also, higher (HOMA-IR) gives rise to a hyperglycemic state and is a major risk factor for the development of T2DM.
Effect of supplementation with copper in different chemical forms on selected physiological blood markers and content of minerals in selected tissues of turkeys.

Scientific research has demonstrated that different compounds containing copper are capable of stimulating body weight gains, improving the health of animals and attaining high production performance without causing excessive accumulation of various chemical compounds in animal tissues. Besides, copper has been reported to exert a positive effect on the immune system, haematological blood markers and the microbiological balance in the gastrointestinal tract of turkeys. The experiment was conducted on 60 BUT-9 line turkeys. The birds were divided into 5 experimental groups. Each group included 12 turkeys kept in cages. The bird were reared for 19 weeks. The first group served as control. Group II received CuSO4 added to water in a dose of 10 mg Cu dm–3 H2O. Group III was com posed of birds administered a Cu chelate with lysine in a dose of 10 mg Cu dm–3 H2O. Group IV received CuSO4 in a dose of 20 mg Cu dm–3 H2O, whereas group V were given a Cu-lysine supplement in a dose of 20 mg Cu dm–3 H2O. The birds were fed commercial complete feed mixes. The copper preparations were added to drinking water since the 3rd week of rearing. The objective of this study has been to determine the effect of Cu supplementation in the organic and inorganic form and in two doses on the health of birds and on accumulation of minerals in their breast muscle and liver. Further analyses involved the determination of haematological and biochemical markers in blood as well as assays of selected minerals in the birds’ blood, breast muscle and liver. The analysis of the results indicated that the doses of copper improved the health of the turkeys, as verified by better haematological markers. Statistically significant difference appeared in the group receiving 20 mg Cu dm–3 prof. dr hab. Bogus3aw Makarski, Chair of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Science in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
A case of unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy caused by neck extension injury

A 63-year-old man collided with a vehicle while riding a motorcycle. At an emergency hospital, he was diagnosed with cerebral concussion, incomplete cervical cord injury, C6 fracture, facial bone fractures, and lacerations. Radiographical findings indicated that his neck was forced into an extended position. At our rehabilitation hospital, we evaluated the patient’s hoarseness and dysphagia 1 month posttrauma and determined the diagnosis to be due to “traumatic right recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP). ” We followed the patient’s RLNP during admission and at our outpatient clinic. His right RLNP gradually recovered and finally disappeared 6 months after the accident. We describe this case within the context of a review of the literature.
Unraveling the Driving Forces of Networks on Regional Resilience Capabilities

Regional resilience became a highly disputed topic in the community of economic geographers in the aftermath of the 2008 economic crisis and the rising challenges related to the reduction of the environmental footprint. In this contribution, we will limit to a clear-cut definition of regional resilience and make a general assumption allowing going deep into the mechanisms underlying this process. First, we consider “regional resilience” as the process through which a regional system of innovation (RSI) succeeds in maintaining or at least rapidly recovering a growth path after changes on industry and market conditions. This definition directly refers to the adaptive capabilities of regional systems facing external changes, without disregarding the internal abilities of these systems to be themselves at the origin of these changes. Second, we make the basic assumption according to which regional resilience capabilities depend on the topological configurations of network structures in RSIs. After coming back to the basics of network theories, we search for the topological and structural properties of regional systems that favor regional resilience, relating these properties to human agency and geographical and technological contexts. The findings are discussed in the light of former empirical analysis in order to draw general patterns of networks that meet the resilience challenges regions are facing. Then we show how these findings offers new avenues for regional policy based on collaborative and network incentives, in a context in which fostering regional resilience capabilities requires fixing network failures as well as government ones.
Clinical and Paraclinical Characteristics of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Recently, a new strain of coronaviruses, which originated from Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China has been identified. According to the high prevalence of new coronavirus, further investigation on the clinical and paraclinical features of this disease seems essential. Hence, we carried out this systematic review and meta-analysis to figure out the unknown features. Methods: This study was performed using databases of Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed. We considered English cross-sectional and case-series papers which reported clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics of patients with COVID-19. We used STATA v.11 and random effect model for data analysis. Results: In the present meta-analysis, 32 papers including 49504 COVID-19 patients were studied. The most common clinical symptoms were fever (84%), cough (65%) and fatigue (42%), respectively. The most common radiological and paraclinical features were bilateral pneumonia (61%), ground-glass opacity (50%), thrombocytopenia (36%) and lymphocytopenia (34%). The study also showed that the frequency of comorbidities and early symptoms was higher in critically severe patients. Moreover, we found the overall mortality rate of three percent. Conclusion: According to that there are many cases without Computed Tomography Scan findings or clear clinical symptoms, it is recommended to use other confirming methods such RNA sequencing in order to identification of suspicious undiagnosed patients. Moreover, while there is no access to clinical and paraclinical facilities in in public places such as airports and border crossings, it is recommended to consider factors such as fever, cough, sputum and fatigue.
Using Wastewater in Irrigation: The Effects on Infiltration Process in a Clayey Soil

Soil water infiltration is a critical process in the soil water cycle and agricultural practices, especially when wastewater is used for irrigation. Although research has been conducted to evaluate the changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of soils irrigated by treated wastewater, a quantitative analysis of the effects produced on the infiltration process is still lacking. The objective of this study is to address this issue. Field experiments previously conducted on three adjacent field plots characterized by the same clayey soil but subjected to three different irrigation treatments have been used. The three irrigation conditions were: non-irrigated (natural conditions) plot, irrigated plot with treated wastewater for two years, and irrigated plot with treated wastewater for five years. Infiltration measurements performed by the Hood infiltrometer have been used to estimate soil hydraulic properties useful to calibrate a simplified infiltration model widely used under ponding conditions, that were existing during the irrigation stage. Our simulations highlight the relevant effect of wastewater usage as an irrigation source in reducing cumulative infiltration and increasing overland flow as a result of modified hydraulic properties of soils characterized by a lower capacity of water drainage. These outcomes can provide important insights for the optimization of irrigation techniques in arid areas where the use of wastewater is often required due to the chronic shortage of freshwater.
Assessment of Standard Precautions Practices Among Health Care Workers in a Rural Area of South-South Nigeria

Health care workers are continuously at risk of blood borne infections because of their exposure to blood and body fluids during care of patients and these exposures are potentially infectious. Hence, regular adherence to standard precautions is widely advocated by World Health Organization and Centres of Disease Control as a primary strategy for controlling occupational exposure to blood and body fluids. Objectives: To evaluate knowledge, practices of HCW concerning blood- borne pathogens and adherence to standard precautions Methods: Rural based cross sectional study with quantitative and qualitative component was conducted among two hundred and thirteen health care workers in Ekpoma, Edo State. Results: Of all the Health care workers studied, only less than one third of respondents had good knowledge and practice of standard precautions. Conclusion: The knowledge and practice of standard precautions was found to be generally poor. Hence, all health care workers should be trained on the principles of infection control and exposure prevention.
The Efficiency of Alternative Method for Stomach Pain When Patients Took Salt and Water Without Using Medications

In this paper we analyzed the impact of using of water and salt like а helpful in improving the symptoms of stomach pain. 416 patients (male, 74.1%; mean, 41.7 years old) with stomach pain were randomly allocated to two groups. For six weeks, investigated group of patients, 208 patients ingested at least 2 liters per day of water and 1 gram of salt, while the control group of patents, 208 patients ingested only water. Stomach pain scores (quality-of-life, abdominal pain/discomfort) were assessed before and after treatment via questionnaires. In our investigations exist statistically significant correlation between stomach pain and using of salt and water like a therapy for stomach pain (c2=1.981; p>0.05). 200 patients with salt and water therapy did not have stomach pain one hour after therapy or 96.2% and 189 patients who took only water, had stomach pain and one hour after therapy with water every time in six weeks or 90.9%. In our research exist a statistically significant relationship between stomach pain after therapy with salt and water and male gender (c2=31.482; p<0.01). Of the total 8 patients with stomach pain after using therapy with salt and water, 6 patients were male or 72.5%, while only 2 patients were female or 27.5%.
Gender Similarities in High School Mathematics: Affective and Cognitive Aspects

The study investigated gender similarities in perceived teacher affective support, mathematics self-efficacy, and mathematics achievement by using quantitative research design. Data were collected by self-report questionnaire and achievement test from 727 (416 females & 311 males) grade 9 students, with average age of 15 years, randomly selected from three government general secondary schools in Aksum. Data gathering tools had acceptable reliability coefficients; 0.80 for teacher affective support scale and 0.93 for mathematics self-efficacy scale. Descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that there were gender similarities in teacher affective support and mathematics achievement while girls found to be more self-efficacious towards mathematics. The findings can be practically used to realize successful high school mathematics teaching-learning by selecting student outcomes, designing teacher and school manager training programs, and developing curricular materials in line with the findings. Mathematics teachers in particular can practically use the findings to enhance good insights in students, successfully support their students, and can work on improving mathematics self-efficacy and thereby enhance learning and achievement in mathematics for all students. Theoretically, the study confirmed Hyde’s (2005) gender similarity hypothesis and this investigation in the Ethiopian high school mathematics context contributes to the contested research in gender and mathematics which could contribute to the theories in educational psychology. Further implications and directions for future study are forwarded.
Fundamentals of Biogeography

Fundamentals of Biogeography offers a fresh, uptodate, introduction to biogeography, explaining the ecology, geography and history of animals and plants. The book defines and examines populations, communities and ecosystems - examining where different animals and plants live and how they came to be living there, investigating how populations grow, interact and survive, how equilibrium communities are formed and how communities change, and predicting the shape of communities in the Twenty-First Century. Stressing the role of ecological, geographical, historical and human factors in fashioning animal and plant distributions, Huggett reveals how life has and is adapting to its biological and physical surroundings. The book includes several sections on human attitudes to Nature differ, and how biogeography can affect conservation practice. As well as explaining key concepts and interactions, Huggett tackles many topical and controversial environmental and ethical concerns including: animal rights, species exploitation, habitat fragmentation, biodiversity, metapopulations, patchy landscapes and chaos. Illustrated throughout with informative diagrams and photos, and including chapter summaries, guides to further reading and an extensive glossary of key terms, Fundamentals of Biogeography presents an engaging introduction for students and all those interested in gaining a deeper understanding of the key topics and debates within the fields of biogeography, ecology and the environment.
Perceived trust in artificial intelligence technologies: A preliminary study

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly prevalent in all spheres of society. Still, the perception of AI from users and customers remains the main barrier for its widespread adoption. Previous studies showed that the acceptance of new technologies in society depends on perceived characteristics. This study examined users’ perception of trust, the difficulty of the task, and application performance when using an AI‐based technology. These factors help us to elucidate the mechanisms for building trust in AI technology from the users’ perspective. A total of 18 participants took part in the experiment with the Google AutoDraw software as an AI tool. As a result, the difficulty of the task, perceived performance, and success/failure of the task can be regarded as the influential factors for the perceived trust evaluation. The perceived trust of users in new AI products would be increased by improving product performance and the successful implementation of the tasks. The obtained results and insights can serve AI product developers to increase the level of users’ trust and attraction towards their technologies and applications.
TAX AVOIDANCE IN INDONESIA: CONTEXT OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Purpose of the study: The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Quality on Tax Avoidance. Methodology: The population of this research is the audit report of the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK) in the Regency/City of West Indonesia with a total of 263 financial statements. Purposive sampling method is used, resulting 186 financial statements as samples. Hypotheses are tested using multiple linear regression using SPSS V.21. Main Findings: This study population is a manufacturing company in Indonesia. Data are then analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. It is a quantitative study with 150 companies as the population of the study. They are all manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2013 up to 2015. Applications of this study: This study can be useful for good corporate governance dan corporasi social responsibility Novelty/Originality of this study: Tax avoidance, good corporate governance and good social responsibility are included in this study. There are only a few studies that use these variables. This study uses a different proxy from the previous one with the aim of getting more accurate results.