Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
hi Vivo Studies of DNA Synthesis in Human Normal and Tumor Cells12

SUMMARY Studies have been made in vivoof DNA synthesis in surgically removed human tumors and in coexistent adjacent normal tissues, with the use of intravenously administered thymidine-'H as a DNA label. The tumors investigated included t\vo carcinomas of the colon, and one each of the rectum, stomach, oral pharynx, parotid, and ovary. The grain count has been used as an index of incorporated thymidine-'H and the interphase labeling index of cells synthesiz ing DNA. The DNA of the several populations was determined by two-wavelength microspectrophotometry of Feulgen-stained tissues. On the basis of the relative amounts of thymidine-'H incoriwrated and of the DNA contents of the respective cell populations, DNA synthesis rates and times have been deduced for coexistent normal and tumor cells. time normal tissue for
Foundations of Quantum Group Theory

Introduction 1. Definition of Hopf algebras 2. Quasitriangular Hopf algebras 3. Quantum enveloping algebras 4. Matrix quantum groups 5. Quantum random walks and combinatorics 6. Bicrossproduct Hopf algebras 7. Quantum double and double cross products 8. Lie algebras and Poisson brackets 9. Representation theory 10. Braided groups and q-deformation References Index.
Analysis of the coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis system components in allergic rhinitis murine model

Background Dysregulation of the coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis system may play an etiologic role in many diseases. Allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, and conjunctivitis are also associated with fibrin accumulation caused by the change in hemostasis. Nevertheless there has been only a few studies dealing with the relation between allergic rhinitis (AR) and the coagulation system. Objective This study was conduct to investigate the change of coagulation and fibrinolysis cascade components in allergic rhinitis murine model were Multiple parameters related to and were compared between the allergic rhinitis model group and the control group. The symptom scores and eosinophil counts were higher in the allergic rhinitis model group than the control group (p< .01). The mRNA expression level of u-PA (p= .040), PAI-1 (p= .054), Factor II (p= .038), Factor X (p= .036) was significantly higher in the allergic rhinitis model group. Most of the fibrinolysis system and coagulation cascade components were localized at the epithelium, endothelium and submucosal glands of the nasal mucosa on immunohistochemical staining and there was a down regulation of u-PA in AR group while fibrin deposition was much prominent in the AR model group. The present study provides the report on behavior of both coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis system components in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis murine model. Overall, the components of coagulation cascade was up-regulated and the fibrinolysis system was down-regulated, it seems that the change of the components both lead to fibrin deposition in allergic rhinitis condition. These findings suggest that dysregulation of hemostatic components in nasal mucosa may be related to the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.
Nucleotide Excision Repair in Human Cells

Background: Human excision repair removes UV photoproducts in 30-mers in vitro, but this has not been previously observed in vivo. Results: UV photoproducts are removed in vivo as 30-mers in complex with TFIIH both in general repair and in transcription-coupled repair. Conclusion: Primary products of excision repair have been isolated in vivo for the first time. Significance: The study provides novel insights into post-excision steps of human DNA repair. Nucleotide excision repair is the sole mechanism for removing the major UV photoproducts from genomic DNA in human cells. In vitro with human cell-free extract or purified excision repair factors, the damage is removed from naked DNA or nucleosomes in the form of 24- to 32-nucleotide-long oligomers (nominal 30-mer) by dual incisions. Whether the DNA damage is removed from chromatin in vivo in a similar manner and what the fate of the excised oligomer was has not been known previously. Here, we demonstrate that dual incisions occur in vivo identical to the in vitro reaction. Further, we show that transcription-coupled repair, which operates in the absence of the XPC protein, also generates the nominal 30-mer in UV-irradiated XP-C mutant cells. Finally, we report that the excised 30-mer is released from the chromatin in complex with the repair factors TFIIH and XPG. Taken together, our results show the congruence of in vivo and in vitro data on nucleotide excision repair in humans.
Testing Low-Mass Stellar Models: Three New Detached Eclipsing Binaries below 0.75 Msun

Full tests to stellar models below 1 Msun have been hindered until now by the scarce number of precise measurements of the stars' most fundamental parameters: their masses and radii. With the current observational techniques, the required precision to distinguish between different models (errors < 2-3 %) can only be achieved using detached eclipsing binaries where 1) both stars are similar in mass, i.e. q = M1/M2 ~ 1.0, and 2) each star is a main sequence object below 1 Msun. Until 2003 only three such binaries had been found and analyzed in detail. Two new systems were published in 2005 (Creevey et al.; Lopez-Morales & Ribas), almost doubling the previous number of data points. Here we present preliminary results for 3 new low-mass detached eclipsing binaries. These are the first studied systems from our sample of over 41 new binaries (Shaw & Lopez-Morales, this proceedings). We also provide an updated comparison between the Mass-Radius and the Mass-Teff relations predicted by the models and the observational data from detached eclipsing binaries.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Second-order online active learning and its applications

—The goal of online active learning is to learn predictive models from a sequence of unlabeled data given limited label query budget. Unlike conventional online learning tasks, online active learning is considerably more challenging because of two reasons. Firstly, it is difﬁcult to design an effective query strategy to decide when is appropriate to query the label of an incoming instance given limited query budget. Secondly, it is also challenging to decide how to update the predictive models effectively whenever the true label of an instance is queried. Most existing approaches for online active learning are often based on a family of ﬁrst-order online learning algorithms, which are simple and efﬁcient but fall short in the slow convergence and sub-optimal solution in exploiting the labeled training data. To solve these issues, this paper presents a novel framework of Second-order Online Active Learning (SOAL) by fully exploiting both the ﬁrst-order and second-order information. The proposed algorithms are able to achieve effective online learning efﬁcacy, maximize the predictive accuracy and minimize the labeling cost. To make SOAL more practical for real-world applications, especially for class-imbalanced online classiﬁcation tasks (e.g., malicious web detection), we extend the SOAL framework by proposing the Cost-sensitive Second-order Online Active Learning algorithm named “SOAL CS ”, which is devised by maximizing the sum of weighted sensitivity and speciﬁcity or minimizing the cost of weighted mistakes of different classes. We conducted both theoretical analysis and empirical studies, including an extensive set of experiments on a variety of large-scale real-world datasets, in which the promising empirical results validate the efﬁcacy and scalability of the proposed algorithms towards large-scale online learning tasks.
On whether therapeutic plasma exchange is an effective cure against severe/critical COVID-19 pneumonia

Background . There is a risk of novel mutations of SARS-CoV-2 that may render COVID-19 resistant to most of the therapies, including antiviral drugs. The evidence around the application of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for the management of critically ill COVID-19 patients is still provisional and further investigations are needed to confirm its eventual beneficial effects. Methods . We therefore carried out a single-centered retrospective observational non-placebo-controlled trial enrolling 73 inpatients from Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran (Iran) with diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs and high-resolution computerized tomography chest scan. These patients were broken down into two groups: Group 1 (30 patients) receiving standard of care (corticosteroids, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, pantoprazole, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir); and Group 2 (43 patients) receiving the above regimen plus TPE (replacing 2 liter of patients’ plasma by a solution, 50% of normal plasma and 50% of albumin at 5%) administered according to various time schedules. The follow-up time was 30 days and all-cause mortality was the endpoint. Conclusions . The lower mortality observed among patients receiving TPE was due to a lower severity of COVID-19 rather than TPE effects. literature. We contrasted the two central aspects of the study: TPE therapy the direction of causal flow, an arrowed route is a path and the cross-equation correlation is displayed as a curved path. The estimated beta coefficients with corresponding p-values appeared along the paths. The figure is a useful synthesis of the findings. It can be seen that: Severity is significantly associated with O2 delivery (p=0.000) and age (p=0.002); there is a negative correlation between Severity and plasmapheresis (“tpe”, p=0.003), number (“n_treat”, p=0.006) and timing (“timing”, p=0.005) of its administration; the impact on mortality (the dependent variable “death”) was highest for Severity (beta coefficient = 0.94; 95%CI: 0.61; 1.27; p=0.000) and close to zero for plasmapheresis variables.
AMPK phosphorylation of the (cid:2) 1 Pix exchange factor regulates the assembly and function of an ENaC inhibitory complex in kidney epithelial cells

AMPK phosphorylation of the (cid:2) 1 Pix exchange factor regulates the assembly and function of an ENaC inhibitory complex in kidney epithelial cells. Am Physiol Physiol 317: F1513–F1525, 2018. —The metabolic sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibits the epithelial Na (cid:3) channel (ENaC), a key regulator of salt reabsorption by the kidney and thus total body volume and blood pressure. Recent studies have suggested that AMPK promotes the association of p21-activated kinase-interacting exchange factor- (cid:2) 1 (cid:2) 1 Pix, 14-3-3 proteins, and the ubiquitin ligase neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein (Nedd)4-2 into a complex that inhibits ENaC by enhancing Nedd4-2 binding to ENaC and ENaC degradation. Functional (cid:2) 1 Pix is required for ENaC inhibition by AMPK and promotes Nedd4-2 phosphorylation and stability in mouse kidney cortical collecting duct cells. Here, we report that AMPK directly phosphorylates (cid:2) 1 Pix in vitro. Among several AMPK phosphorylation sites on (cid:2) 1 Pix detected by mass spectrometry, Ser 71 was validated as functionally signiﬁcant. Compared with wild-type (cid:2) 1 Pix, overexpression of a phosphorylation-deﬁcient (cid:2) 1 Pix-S71A mutant attenuated ENaC inhibition and the AMPK-activated interaction of both (cid:2) 1 Pix and Nedd4-2 to 14-3-3 proteins in cortical collect- ing duct cells. Similarly, overexpression of a (cid:2) 1 Pix- (cid:4) 602–611 deletion tract mutant unable to bind 14-3-3 proteins decreased the inter- action between Nedd4-2 and 14-3-3 proteins, suggesting that 14-3-3 binding to (cid:2) 1 Pix is critical for the formation of a (cid:2) 1 Pix/Nedd4-2/14- 3-3 complex. With expression of a general peptide inhibitor of 14-3-3-target protein interactions (R18), binding of both (cid:2) 1 Pix and Nedd4-2 to 14-3-3 proteins was reduced, and AMPK-dependent ENaC inhibition was also attenuated. Altogether, our results demon- strate the importance of AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of (cid:2) 1 Pix at Ser 71 , which promotes 14-3-3 interactions with (cid:2) 1 Pix and Nedd4-2 to form a tripartite ENaC inhibitory complex, in the mechanism of ENaC regulation by AMPK. the Moreover, increased in CCD cells and diminished AMPK-dependent ENaC inhibition in Chinese hamster ovary cells. These results suggest a central role of (cid:2) 1 Pix and its binding with 14-3-3 proteins in ENaC However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for effect are presently unclear. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of (cid:2) 1 promotes Nedd4-2 stability by enhancing interactions with 14-3-3 proteins. The results indicate that direct phosphorylation 1 plays an important role in both the inhibition of and promotion of binding of (cid:2) 1 to proteins caused by AMPK activation. We further show that the association of (cid:2) 1 Pix and Nedd4-2 with 14-3-3 proteins is important for ENaC inhibition by AMPK.
The dual of HIV-1 infection and aging on naïve CD4 T-cells: additive and distinct patterns of impairment.

HIV-1-infected adults over the age of 50 years progress to AIDS more rapidly than adults in their twenties or thirties. In addition, HIV-1-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) present with clinical diseases, such as various cancers and liver disease, more commonly seen in older uninfected adults. These observations suggest that HIV-1 infection in older persons can have detrimental immunological effects that are not completely reversed by ART. As naı¨ve T-cells are critically important in responses to neoantigens, we first analyzed two subsets (CD45RA + CD31 + and CD45RA + CD31 - ) within the naı¨ve CD4 + T-cell compartment in young (20–32 years old) and older (39–58 years old), ART-naı¨ve, HIV-1 seropositive individuals within 1–3 years of infection and in age-matched seronegative controls. HIV-1 infection in the young cohort was associated with lower absolute numbers of, and shorter telomere lengths within, both CD45RA + CD31 + CD4 + and CD45RA + CD31 - CD4 + T-cell subsets in comparison to age-matched seronegative controls, changes that resembled seronegative individuals who were decades older. Longitudinal analysis provided evidence of thymic emigration and reconstitution of CD45RA + CD31 + CD4 + T-cells two years post-ART, but minimal reconstitution of the CD45RA + CD31 - CD4 + subset, which could impair de novo immune responses. For both ART-naı¨ve and ART-treated HIV-1-infected adults, a renewable pool of thymic emigrants is necessary to maintain CD4 + T-cell homeostasis. Overall, these results offer a partial explanation both for the faster disease progression of older adults and the observation that viral responders to ART present with clinical diseases associated with older adults.
Spectrum of colonic lesions with cytohistological correlation

Background: Colon is the site of broad array of diseases and is frequently affected by infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. It is the most common site of gastrointestinal neoplasia in western population. Many benign lesions if not detected in time can progress to malignancy over time. Cancer diagnosis very often results in an enormous change in patient’s psychological well being but at the same time, early diagnosis and prompt treatment plays a very important role in survival of the patient. Flexible colonoscope is well established in procuring histologic and cytologic material for microscopic evaluation. Colonoscopic direct vision brush cytology has several advantages that are not equally possessed by tissue biopsies. Objectives were to study cytomorphological features of colonic lesions, to correlate them with histopathology and evaluate sensitivity and specificity of cytological evaluation. Methods : In present study, 200 cases of colonic lesions were evaluated cytologically and cytohistopathological correlation was done where possible. Result : In present study sensitivity of 96.6 % and specificity of 100 % was observed for cytological evaluation. Conclusion: Brush cytology is a reliable, safe, inexpensive and rapid method of diagnosing gastrointestinal lesions.
Development of disomic single-locus DNA microsatellite markers for Persian sturgeon ( Acipenser persicus ) of the Caspian Sea Single-locus DNA microsatellite markers

Understanding the scale at which wild stock of Persian sturgeon ( Acipenser persicus ) are genetically discrete is necessary for effective management of this commercially important species. Disomic DNA microsatellite markers are among the best tools for determining stock structure in fishes. As all sturgeon species have a polyploid ancestry of all sturgeons, most gene loci exhibit more than two alleles per individual, limiting the use of powerful analytical methods that commonly assume disomic inheritance. We scored products from 38 sets of microsatellite primers developed in lake ( Acipenser fulvescens ) and Atlantic sturgeon ( Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus ) to determine whether they would amplify disomic loci in Persian sturgeon. Samples of 45 individuals were detected.Thirty six loci (95%) were amplified successfully in Persian sturgeon. We identified; a single monomorphic locus, 12 disomic, 19 tetrasomic, three octosomic, and one locus that was ambiguous. This is the first report on development of disomic single-locus DNA microsatellite markers in Persian sturgeon. These loci could be used to characterize variation in geographically discrete populations of the Persian sturgeon in their native ecosystem including in the Caspian Sea.
PREVALENCE AND ROLE OF ISABA1 ASSOCIATED WITH BLAOXA-51 AND BLAOXA-23 GENES IN CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII

The global spread carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has become a serious problem especially in burn units. The purpose of this study was to detect the association of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 carbapenmase genes with ISAba1 and their effect on carbapenem resistance. To detect insertion sequences ISAba1/blaOXA-23 and ISAba1/blaOXA-51, mapping by PCR using combinations of forward primers ISAba1 and reverse primers of blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 were used. A total of 96 isolates of A. baumannii were obtained from burns and wounds infections from Baghdad hospitals, Iraq. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns showed that 70.8% (n=68) of the isolates were resistant to Imipenem and Meropenem, while 13 isolates were susceptible to both antibiotics (13.5%). Of 68 isolates resistant to Imipenem and Meropenem, ISAba1 was detected in 61 isolates (89.7%). 50 isolates carried blaOXA-23 gene, all contained ISAba1 upstream of blaOXA-23 gene, and 41 contained ISAba1 upstream of blaOXA-51 gene. ISAba1 was found upstream of blaOXA-23 only in isolates resistant to carbapenems. Both susceptible and resistant isolates had ISAba1 upstream of blaOXA-51. The ISAba1-activated blaOXA-23 genes were prevalent among the carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates in our hospitals and carbapenems resistance may be due mainly to ISAba1 upstream of blaOXA-23 gene. The present study revealed that the presence of ISAba1/blaOXA-51 in A.baumannii isolates was not contributing in the carbapenems resistance.
Why do galaxies stop forming stars? I. The passive fraction - black hole mass relation for central galaxies

We derive the dependence of the fraction of passive central galaxies on the mass of their supermassive black holes for a sample of over 400,000 SDSS galaxies at z < 0.2. Our large sample contains galaxies in a wide range of environments, with stellar masses 8 < log(M*/Msun) < 12, spanning the entire morphological spectrum from pure disks to spheroids. We derive estimates for the black hole masses from measured central velocity dispersions and bulge masses, using a variety of published empirical relationships. We find a very strong dependence of the passive fraction on black hole mass, which is largely unaffected by the details of the black hole mass estimate. Moreover, the passive fraction relationship with black hole mass remains strong and tight even at fixed values of galaxy stellar mass (M*), dark matter halo mass (Mhalo), and bulge-to-total stellar mass ratio (B/T). Whereas, the passive fraction dependence on M*, Mhalo and B/T is weak at fixed MBH. These observations show that, for central galaxies, MBH is the strongest correlator with the passive fraction, consistent with quenching from AGN feedback.
Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are inversely associated with depressive symptoms in women

Objective— Experimental and observational data suggest higher dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated acids may lead to decreased risk of depressive disorders. We assessed multivariable-adjusted associations of fish consumption and dietary intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] with depressive symptoms in a population-based sample of 3,317 African American and Caucasian men and women from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study (CARDIA). Methods— Diet was assessed in Year 7 (1992–93) and depressive symptoms were measured in Years 10 (1995–96), 15 (2000–01), and 20 (2005–06) by the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Depressive symptoms were defined as CES-D score ≥ 16 or self-reported use of antidepressant medication. Results— In the entire cohort, the highest quintiles of intakes of EPA (at least 0.03% energy), DHA (at least 0.05% energy), and EPA+DHA (at least 0.08% energy) were associated with lower risk of depressive symptoms at Year 10 (p-trends: 0.16, 0.10, 0.03, respectively). The observed inverse associations were more pronounced in women. For the total number of occasions with depressive symptoms, the multivariable adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) in women were 0.75 (0.55–1.01) for fish intake; 0.66 (0.50–0.89), for EPA; 0.66 (0.49–0.89) for DHA; and 0.71 (0.52– 0.95) for EPA+DHA, when comparing highest to lowest quintiles. Analyses of continuous CES-D scores revealed inverse associations with fourth root transformed omega-3 variables in women. Conclusions— Our findings suggest that dietary intakes of fish and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids may be inversely associated with chronic depressive symptoms in women.