Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Predicts Falls, and what are the Circumstances and Consequences of Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Who Need Walking Aids or Home Help Service

The objective was to analyze predictive variables for falls in older community-dwelling adults who needed walking aids or home help service, to describe the circumstances and consequences of falls and fall injuries, and to describe the activities preceding falls, n = 175, mean age 83 years. Falls were self-reported monthly in a fall calendar and were followed up by a telephone interview. A logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate predictive baseline variables for falls. Injuries were reported in 82 of the 185 fall events. Previous falls and a high level of education had a significant association with falls odds ratios 1.9 (95% CI 1.3–2.7), and 2.7 (95% CI 1.4–5.3). Activities preceding the falls were classified according to the International Classification of Functioning (ICF). Falls and fall injuries were most common while moving around within the home and rising from sitting to standing.
On an inverse problem for anisotropic conductivity in the plane

Let be a bounded domain with a smooth boundary and a smooth anisotropic conductivity on . Starting from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator on , we give an explicit procedure to find a unique (up to a biholomorphism) domain Ω, an isotropic conductivity σ on Ω and the boundary values of a quasiconformal diffeomorphism which transforms into σ.
Sun Protection and Tanning Behaviors in Caregivers: Prevalence, Determinants, and Associations with Children’s Behaviors

The association between skin cancer and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is well established, and sun protection behavior represents an important preventative measure. In children, caregivers play a key role in this regard. The subject of this study was threefold: whether caregivers of 1 to 11 year-old children are more likely to use sun protection measures compared to non-caregivers, whether considering oneself a role model is associated with sun protection behaviors, and whether their sun protection and risk behaviors are related to children’s behaviors. We used data from the 2020 wave of the National Cancer Aid Monitoring (NCAM) comprised of 4000 individuals (including 554 caregivers of at least one child aged 1–10 years) aged 16 to 65 years and living in Germany. Data were collected through telephone interviews between October and December 2020. No significant differences between caregivers and non-caregivers regarding sun protection and risk behaviors were identified (except tanning on vacation). In both groups, sun protection behaviors were deficient. Caregivers who considered themselves role models concerning sun safety were more likely to use sun protection measures (e.g., using sunscreen on the face: OR = 5.08, p < 0.001). In addition, caregivers’ sun protection behaviors were positively associated with children’s behaviors. Caregivers being highly protected against UVR were more likely to report the use of different measures by/in the child (mean = 4.03), compared to caregivers with medium (3.41) and low (2.97, p < 0.001) protection levels. However, we also found that caregivers’ risk behavior was associated with children’s reported risk behavior. For future prevention, it might be worth focusing on the aspect of caregivers serving as role models. A comprehensive public-health strategy is needed, including key figures such as pediatricians to prevent today’s children from developing skin cancer in later life.
Application of autonomous sensor technology to estimate selenium exposure and a site‐specific selenium threshold in a Canadian boreal lake

There is an increasing trend in the use of real‐time sensor technology to remotely monitor aquatic ecosystems. Commercially available probes, however, are currently not able to measure aqueous selenium (Se) concentrations. Because of the well‐described bioaccumulation potential and associated toxicity of Se in oviparous vertebrates, it is crucial to monitor Se concentrations at sites receiving continuous effluent Se input. This study aimed to estimate Se concentrations in a boreal lake (McClean Lake) downstream from a Saskatchewan uranium mill using real‐time electrical conductivity (EC) data measured by autonomous sensors. Additionally, this study aimed to derive a site‐specific total aqueous Se (TSe) threshold based on Se concentrations in periphyton and benthic macroinvertebrates sampled from the same lake. To characterize effluent distribution within the lake, eight Smart Water (Libelium) sensor units were programmed to report EC and temperature for five and seven consecutive weeks in 2018 and 2019, respectively. In parallel, periphyton and benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled with Hester‐Dendy's artificial substrate samplers (n = 4) at the same sites and subsequently analyzed for Se concentrations. Electrical conductivity was measured with a handheld field meter for sensor data validation and adjusted to the median lake water temperature (13 °C) registered for the deployment periods. Results demonstrated good accuracy of sensor readings relative to handheld field meter readings and the successful use of real‐time EC in estimating TSe exposure (r = 0.87; r2 = 0.84). Linear regression equations derived for Se in detritivores versus Se in periphyton and Se in periphyton versus sensor‐estimated TSe were used to estimate a site‐specific TSe threshold of 0.7 µg/L (±0.2). Moreover, mean Se concentrations in periphyton (16.7 ± 4.4 µg/g dry weight [d.w.]) and benthic detritivores (6.0 ± 0.4 µg/g d.w.) from one of the exposure sites helped identify an area with potential for high Se bioaccumulation and toxicity in aquatic organisms in McClean Lake. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:395–411. © 2022 SETAC
A Fundamental Domain for V_3

We describe a fundamental domain for the punctured Riemann surface $V_{3,m}$ which parametrises (up to M\"obius conjugacy) the set of quadratic rational maps with numbered critical points, such that the first critical point has period three, and such that the second critical point is not mapped in $m$ iterates or less to the periodic orbit of the first. This gives, in turn, a description, up to topological conjugacy, of all dynamics in all type III hyperbolic components in $V_{3}$, and gives indications of a topological model for $V_{3}$, together with the hyperbolic components contained in it.
Multi‐Stage Soil‐Hydraulic Recovery and Limited Ravel Accumulations Following the 2017 Nuns and Tubbs Wildfires in Northern California

Wildfire can impact soil‐hydraulic properties by reducing saturated hydraulic conductivity and sorptivity, making recently burned landscapes prone to debris flows and flash floods. The post‐fire hazard window can range from years to decades. In Northern California, where wildfire frequency is steadily increasing, the impact and soil‐hydraulic recovery from wildfires is unknown. Following the October 2017 Nuns and Tubbs fires in the Northern Bay Area of California, we established 41 monitoring sites for repeat tension‐disc infiltrometer measurements of field‐saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) over 3.5 years. Our site arrays, which encompass grasslands, chaparral, and oak and conifer forests across a range in lithology, show a marked decrease in Kfs following the wildfires and a swift partial recovery following the initial post‐fire rainy season. Our time series reveals a complex path to soil‐hydraulic recovery marked by distinct seasonal stages. Analysis of changing Kfs, sorptivity, and infiltration model residuals collectively suggests that these stages are related to transitions between soil‐hydraulic processes like structural soil sealing from rainsplash, thermal cracking of bare soil, and vegetation regrowth. While soil infiltration rates were strongly impacted by the 2017 fires, dry ravel estimates are an order of magnitude less for similar slopes than the 2009 Station fire in the San Gabriel mountains of Southern California, suggesting that limited ravel flux may insufficiently load channels for debris flows that initiate from within‐channel failure. Our analysis suggests that burned landscapes in the Northern Bay Area of California may experience rapid soil‐hydraulic recovery and limited pathways toward post‐fire debris flow initiation.
Prevalence and Outcomes of Depression After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Surgeons often focus on weight loss and improvement of obesity-related conditions as a primary outcome after bariatric surgery. However, the success of bariatric surgery also relies on the improvement of mental health status. Therefore, the current meta-analysis was carried out to reveal the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their subsequent impact on bariatric surgery outcomes. This study was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist and the recommendation of Cochrane Collaboration. All clinical studies reporting the prevalence and/or the outcomes of depression after bariatric surgery were included in the current meta-analysis. This meta-analysis encompassed 33 articles, including a total of 101,223 patients. The prevalence of post-bariatric surgery depression was 15.3% (95% confidence intervals {CI}: 15.0-15.5%, p<0.001) among which severe, moderate, and minimal depression accounted for 1.9% (95% CI: 1.5-2.4%, p<0.001), 5.1% (95% CI: 4.4-5.8%, p<0.001), and 64.9% (95% CI: 63.3-66.5%, p<0.001), respectively. Depression is negatively correlated with weight loss (correlation -0.135; 95% CI: -0.176 to 0.093; p<0.001) and positively correlated with eating disorder (correlation 0.164; 95% CI: 0.079-0.248; p<0.001). The prevalence of post-bariatric surgery depression is relatively high reaching up to 64.9%, with almost one in five patients affected by it. Depression is associated with weight regain, eating disorders, and quality of life.
Gaps between zeros of the Riemann zeta-function

We prove that there exist infinitely many consecutive zeros of the Riemann zeta-function on the critical line whose gaps are greater than $3.18$ times the average spacing. Using a modification of our method, we also show that there are even larger gaps between the multiple zeros of the zeta function on the critical line (if such zeros exist).
Attraction and Stability of Nonlinear Ode's using Continuous Piecewise Linear Approximations

In this paper, several results concerning attraction and asymptotic stability in the large of nonlinear ordinary differential equations are presented. The main result is very simple to apply yielding a sufficient condition under which the equilibrium point (assuming a unique equilibrium) is attractive and also provides a variety of options among them the classical linearization and other existing results are special cases of the this main theorem in this paper including and extension of the well known Markus-Yamabe conjecture. Several application examples are presented in order to analyze the advantages and drawbacks of the proposed result and to compare such results with successful existing techniques for analysis available in the literature nowadays.
Approximation of Lipschitz functions by Lipschitz, C^{p} smooth functions on weakly compactly genera

This note corrects a gap and improves results in an earlier paper by the first named author. More precisely, it is shown that on weakly compactly generated Banach spaces X which admit a C^{p} smooth norm, one can uniformly approximate uniformly continuous functions f:X->R by Lipschitz, C^{p} smooth functions. Moreover, there is a constant C>1 so that any L-Lipschitz function f:X->R can be uniformly approximated by CL-Lipschitz, C^{p} smooth functions. This provides a `Lipschitz version' of the classical approximation results of Godefroy, Troyanski, Whitfield and Zizler.
Quantizations of nilpotent orbits vs 1-dimensional representations of W-algebras

Let g be a semisimple Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic 0 and O be a nilpotent orbit in g. Then Orb is a symplectic algebraic variety and one can ask whether it is possible to quantize $\Orb$ (in an appropriate sense) and, if so, how to classify the quantizations. On the other hand, for the pair (g,O) one can construct an associative algebra W called a (finite) W-algebra. The goal of this paper is to clarify a relationship between quantizations of O (and of its coverings) and 1-dimensional W-modules. In the first approximation, our result is that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the two. The result is not new: it was discovered (in a different form) by Moeglin in the 80's.
Readability Analysis of Local Wisdom Non-Fiction Texts in Android-Based Interactive Multimedia for Elementary School Students With Fry Graph Formulas

The purpose of this study was to analyze the legibility of non-fiction texts containing Kediri Raya local wisdom in Android-based interactive multimedia intended for 4th grade elementary school students with the readability formula of the Fry Graph. The method in this research is descriptive quantitative. The objects of this research are ten non-fiction texts containing local wisdom in Kediri Raya. The research instrument uses documentation with data collected in the form of non-fiction texts of local wisdom of Kediri Raya in Android-based interactive multimedia. Analysis of the data in this study using the Fry Graph formula as a guide for analyzing the level of readability in non-fiction texts. The results showed that the readability level of ten non-fiction texts containing Kediri Raya local wisdom in Android-based interactive multimedia had the feasibility and suitability of the readability level for 4th grade elementary school students, because the readability levels of these ten nonfiction texts were in areas 2, 3, 4 and 6 which means the non-fiction text of Kediri Raya's local wisdom in interactive multimedia based on Android is suitable and appropriate for grades 2, 3, 4 and 6 of elementary school. Article History Received: 11-04-2022
“Press On, Continue On”: Rural Parents’ Experiences of Transitions Within Early Intervention

Although all families experience a variety of transitions over time, families of children with exceptionalities tend to encounter more transitions during their children’s earliest years. Transitions can be stressful and often include changes as part of early intervention or special education services. It is important to understand these transitions because the support families receive can influence child and family well-being. Therefore, we interviewed parents (N = 28) across a rural U.S. state about their experiences of transition over time. Using thematic analysis, three common themes emerged: (a) change is constant, (b) positive relationships support changing needs and priorities, and (c) parents need more support, information, or access to services or providers. Parents reported relationships and collaboration with providers to be important, yet insufficient, in supporting transitions. Rurality added some challenges to parents’ experiences with transition. Recommendations include empowering families, providing more access and/or removing barriers to services, and building family efficacy through family-focused services.
The prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor GSK1120360A reduces early brain injury, but protection is not maintained in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy

Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborns is associated with high morbidity and mortality, with many babies suffering long‐term neurological deficits. Currently, treatment options are limited to therapeutic hypothermia, which is not appropriate for use in all babies. Previous studies have shown protective effects of increasing the transcription factor—hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1) in animal models, by using mild hypoxia or compounds that act as prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (PHIs). Here, we aimed to examine the neuroprotective actions of an orally active, small molecule PHI, GSK1120360A in a neonatal rat model of hypoxia‐ischemia (HI) compared to another PHI, desferrioxamine (DFX). Sprague–Dawley rats underwent HI surgery on postnatal day 7 (P7), where unilateral carotid artery occlusion was performed followed by hypoxia (8% oxygen, 3 h). Initial testing showed that GSK1120360A and erythropoietin levels were detectable in plasma at 6 h following oral exposure to GSK1120360A. For the short‐term neuroprotection study, pups were assigned to receive either saline (s.c), desferrioxamine (DFX—200 mg/kg, s.c), methylcellulose (1%, oral) or GSK1120360A (30 mg/kg, oral) immediately after HI. Histological analysis showed that GSK1120360A in this setting reduced brain injury size 7 days after HI, compared to the methylcellulose vehicle control group. DFX had no significant effect on injury size compared to saline group at the same 7 day timepoint. In the long‐term neuroprotection study, pups were randomly assigned to be administered methylcellulose (1%, oral) or GSK1120360A (30 mg/kg, oral) immediately after HI. On P42, rats underwent behavioural testing using the forelimb grip strength, grid walking and novel object recognition tasks, and brains were collected for histological analysis. Long‐term behavioural deficits were observed in grid walking, grip strength and novel object recognition tests after HI which were not improved in the GSK1120360A treatment group compared to the methylcellulose group. Similarly, there was no improvement in injury size on P42 in the GSK1120360A study group compared to the methylcellulose group. Here, we have shown that GSK1120360A can reduce brain injury at 7 days but that this neuroprotective benefit is not maintained when examined at 5 weeks after HI.
The geometry of thermodynamics

We present a review of the main aspects of geometrothermodynamics, an approach which allows us to associate a specific Riemannian structure to any classical thermodynamic system. In the space of equilibrium states, we consider a Legendre invariant metric, which is given in terms of the fundamental equation of the corresponding thermodynamic system, and analyze its geometric properties in the case of the van der Waals gas, and black holes. We conclude that the geometry of this particular metric reproduces the thermodynamic behavior of the van der Waals gas, and the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole, but it is not adequate for the thermodynamic description of Kerr black holes.
Dental amalgam fillings and mercury vapor safety limits in American adults

Objective For more than 150 years, dental amalgam fillings (50% metallic mercury (Hg0) by weight) have been used in American dentistry. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) acknowledged that amalgams release Hg vapor that may be harmful to certain patients. This study examined the impact of Hg vapor exposure from amalgams in American adults. Methods Amalgam-Hg vapor exposure among 158,274,824 weighted-adult Americans was examined in the 2015–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Beta (β)-coefficients were calculated for the correlation between the number of amalgam surfaces and daily micrograms (μg) of urinary Hg and daily μg of Hg vapor exposure from amalgams per kilogram (Kg) bodyweight. Results About 91 million (57.8%) adults had ≥1 amalgam surface and about 67 million (42.2%) had no amalgams. A β-coefficient = 0.041 significantly correlated the number of amalgam surfaces to daily amounts of urinary Hg. Differences were observed for gender and racial groups. Daily Hg vapor doses from amalgams were in excess of the most restrictive California’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) safety limit for about 86 million (54.3%) adults and in excess of the least restrictive US EPA safety limit among about 16 million (10.4%) adults. The mean allowable number of amalgam surfaces ranged from 1.28 for adult females under the California’s EPA safety limit to 16.23 for adult males under the US EPA safety limit. Conclusion Given that American adults are receiving significant, ongoing exposure to Hg vapor from amalgams, careful evaluation of the need to reduce use of amalgams should be considered.
Confucianism: A Modern Twist Towards Entrepreneurial Intention Of University Graduates

Entrepreneurship plays a focal point in transforming the nation on its social and economic front. Regarded as future builders of nation, the intention of University students towards entrepreneurship is of interest to scholars and policy makers. Current research relates Theory of Planned Behaviour to University students’ entrepreneurial intention with focus on Confucianism as cultural variable and their effect on entrepreneurial intention. Special focus is made on the position of attitude as a mediator to Confucianism and entrepreneurial intention. In this research, focus is on integration of numerous variables forming a model that is inclusive while evaluating relationships simultaneously using SEM-PLS technique. Research design is quantitative based utilizing 250 sample of Malaysian university undergraduate students. This research investigates the impact of different variables comprising of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control; linking cultural values in addition to investigating these variables’ influence on university students’ intention of embarking on entrepreneurial journey. The conclusion of results suggests that attitude, subjective norm and Confucianism is a major motivator on the decision of university students to choose a profession. Relationships and connectiveness as the basis of Confucianism supports the building of positive attitude to be an entrepreneur. The contribution of this study has been to confirm the presence of culture in influencing entrepreneurial intention through changes in attitude. In addition, it sheds a new light putting attitude in the role as a mediator. This study has implications for the studies of entrepreneurial intention particularly on the relationships between attitudes and values of Confucianism. 2357-1330 © 2020 Published by European Publisher.
Isolation of Valuable Biological Substances from Microalgae Culture

Methods for purifying, detecting, and characterizing protein concentrate, carbohydrates, lipids, and neutral fats from the microalgae were developed as a result of research. Microalgae were collected from natural sources (water, sand, soil of the Kaliningrad region, Russia). Microalgae were identified based on morphology and polymerase chain reaction as Chlorella vulgaris Beijer, Arthrospira platensis Gomont, Arthrospira platensis (Nordst.) Geitl. , and Dunaliella salina Teod. The protein content in all microalgae samples was determined using a spectrophotometer. The extracts were dried by spray freeze drying. Pressure acid hydrolysis with 1% sulfuric acid was determined to be the most effective method for extracting carbohydrates from microalgae biomass samples. The highest yield of carbohydrates (more than 56%) was obtained from A. platensis samples. The addition of carbohydrates to the cultivation medium increased the accumulation of fatty acids in microalgae, especially in Chlorella. When carbohydrates were introduced to nutrient media, neutral lipids increased by 10.9%, triacylglycerides by 10.9%, fatty acids by 13.9%, polar lipids by 3.1%, unsaponifiable substances by 13.1%, chlorophyllides by 12.1%, other impurities by 8.9% on average for all microalgae. It was demonstrated that on average the content of myristic acid increased by 10.8%, palmitic acid by 10.4%, oleic acid by 10.0%, stearic acid by 10.1%, and linoleic acid by 5.7% in all microalgae samples with the addition of carbohydrates to nutrient media. It was established that microalgae samples contained valuable components (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, fatty acids, minerals). Thereby the study of the composition of lipids and fatty acids in microalgae, as well as the influence of carbohydrates in the nutrient medium on lipid accumulation, is a promising direction for scientific research in the fields of physiology, biochemistry, biophysics, genetics, space biology and feed additive production.