Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pongamia seed cake as a valuable source of plant nutrients for sustainable agriculture

Pongamia, a multipurpose leguminous tree containing non-edible oil, grows widely in India. Oil extracted from the seeds of Pongamia is used as energy source as well as in tanneries while the cake (a byproduct after extracting oil) was found to be rich in all plant nutrients in general and nitrogen (4.28%) and sulfur (0.19%) in particular. Both nitrogen and sulfur were found to be deficient in 100 and 80%, respectively, in soil samples from farmers' fields in Powerguda village of Adilabad district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Use of Pongamia seed cake as a source of plant nutrients for maize, soyabean and cotton was found beneficial in participatory research and development trials on farmers' fields. Further, application of critically deficient micronutrients such as zinc and boron and secondary nutrient sulfur increased crop yields by 16.7 and 19% in soyabean and cotton, respectively. In addition, B:C ratios of 5.03, 1.81 and 2.04 were obtained for soyabean, maize and cotton, respectively, with use of cake as a source of N, however it needed higher initial investment.
Effects of Frame of Reference and Viewing Condition on Attentional Issues with Helmet Mounted Displays

Abstract : Presentation of information using an helmet mounted display (HMD) allows users to view the world through a visor or eyepiece, on which additional data relevant to the task performed, can be superimposed onto the forward field of view. In the research presented here, the issues of frame of reference and viewing condition (i.e., one eye versus two) are examined in order to determine their effects on tasks of focused and divided attention. Superimposing information from the near domain onto the far domain eliminates scan time and prevents eye accommodation when switching between the near and far domains, but these benefits may be offset by the cost of increasing the amount of clutter in the forward field of view. For HMDs, the issue of frame of reference involves a comparison of world-referenced displays, in which information is displayed so that it is slaved to the momentary orientation of the head, with screen-referenced, such that the location of objects on the display is based on a pre-determined set of x- and y-coordinates, independent of head movement. Additionally, HMDs can be configured so that information is displayed to monoscopically or stereoscopically to one eye or two. In the current experiment, sixteen subjects (8 civilian, 8 military) viewed static two-dimensional renderings of three-dimensional images depicting hilly terrain, in which targets consisting of tanks, soldiers, land mines, and nuclear devices were hidden.
Determination of the radii of coated and uncoated silicon AFM sharp tips using a height calibration standard grating and a nonlinear regression function

AFM sharp tips are used to characterize nanostructures and quantify the mechanical properties of the materials in several areas of research. The analytical results can show unpredicted errors if we do not know the exact values of the AFM tip radius. There are many techniques of in situ measurements for determining the actual AFM tip radius, but they are limited to uncoated tips. This paper presents an alternative and simple method to determine the radii of coated tips and an uncoated tip. Pt-coated, Cr/Au-coated, and uncoated Si tips were used to scan a calibration standard grating in AFM contact mode with sub-nanonewton load to obtain the curved scan profile of the edge corner of the grating structure. The data points of the curved profile of each tip were fitted with a nonlinear regression function to estimate the curvature radius of the tip. The results show that the estimated radius of the coated tips is in the range of nominal values provided by the tip manufacturer, while the estimated radius of the uncoated Si tip is bigger than the nominal radius because of tip blunting during the scan. However, this method yields an accurate estimate of the tip radius with a low root mean squared error of the curve fitting results.
Outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O26 paediatric haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) cases associated with the consumption of soft raw cow’s milk cheeses, France, March to May 2019

We report an outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) associated paediatric haemolytic uraemic syndrome linked to the consumption of raw cow’s milk soft cheeses. From 25 March to 27 May 2019, 16 outbreak cases infected with STEC O26 (median age: 22 months) were identified. Interviews and trace-back investigations using loyalty cards identified the consumption of raw milk cheeses from a single producer. Trace-forward investigations revealed that these cheeses were internationally distributed.
HAWC measurements on the total energy spectrum of cosmic rays

To fully comprehend the nature of the propagation and acceleration mechanisms of TeV cosmic rays it is essential to study their energy spectrum with great precision and high statistics. To this matter a new generation of cosmic-ray experiments, like the HAWC observatory, has been built to enable unprecedented measurements of the cosmic-ray spectrum at TeV energies. In this work, we present a measurement of the total energy spectrum of cosmic rays from 10 TeV up to 1 PeV using HAWC. The events were collected from January 2017 to December 2020. CORSIKA/QGSJET-II-04 simulations were employed to estimate the energy of the cosmic-ray primaries. In this study we applied the Bayes’ unfolding method on the measured air-shower energy distribution of the data in order to obtain the all-particle cosmic-ray energy spectrum. We found that the spectrum shows a break at ( 28 . 1 + 1 . 3 − 1 . 2 ) (stat) TeV with a statistical significance of at least 4.2 𝜎 . At this energy the spectral index changes from 𝛼 1 = -2.41 ± 0.01 (stat) to 𝛼 2 = -2.73 ± 0.01 (stat). Our result is consistent with previous reports about the presence of a spectral break.
The 3-rainbow index of amalgamation of some graphs with diameter 2

Let G = (V, E) be a nontrivial, connected, and edge-colored graph with n vertices, and let k be an integer with 2 ≤ k ≤ n. A tree T in G is a rainbow tree, if no two edges of T receive the same color. A k-rainbow coloring of G is an edge coloring of G having property that for every set S of k vertices of G, there exists a rainbow tree T such that S ⊆ V (T). The minimum number of colors needed in a k-rainbow coloring of G is the k-rainbow index of G, denoted by rxk(G). The distance d(x,y) of two vertices x and y in G is the length of a shortest x — y path in G. The greatest distance between any two vertices in G is the diameter of G, denoted by diam(G). Let {G1, G2,…, Gt} be a finite collection of graphs and each graph Gi have a fixed vertex v0i called a terminal. The amalgamation of G1, G2,…, Gt, denoted by Amal(G1, v0l, G2, v02 …, Gt, v0t), is a graph obtained by taking all the G i ′ s and identifying their terminals. In case Gi ≅ G and v0i = u, the amalgamation of G1, G2,…, Gt is denoted by Amal(G,t,u). In this paper, we determine the 3-rainbow index of amalgamation of some graphs Amal(G,t,u) with diam(G) = 2.
Family Physician Quality Improvement Plans: A Realist Inquiry Into What Works, for Whom, Under What Circumstances

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Introduction: Evaluation of quality improvement programs shows variable impact on physician performance often neglecting to examine how implementation varies across contexts and mechanisms that affect uptake. Realist evaluation enables the generation, refinement, and testing theories of change by unpacking what works for whom under what circumstances and why. This study used realist methods to explore relationships between outcomes, mechanisms (resources and reasoning), and context factors of a national multisource feedback (MSF) program. Methods: Linked data for 50 physicians were examined to determine relationships between action plan completion status (outcomes), MSF ratings, MSF comments and prescribing data (resource mechanisms), a report summarizing the conversation between a facilitator and physician (reasoning mechanism), and practice risk factors (context). Working backward from outcomes enabled exploration of similarities and differences in mechanisms and context. Results: The derived model showed that the completion status of plans was influenced by interaction of resource and reasoning mechanisms with context mediating the relationships. Two patterns were emerged. Physicians who implemented all their plans within six months received feedback with consistent messaging, reviewed data ahead of facilitation, coconstructed plan(s) with the facilitator, and had fewer risks to competence (dyscompetence). Physicians who were unable to implement any plans had data with fewer repeated messages and did not incorporate these into plans, had difficult plans, or needed to involve others and were physician-led, and were at higher risk for dyscompetence. Discussion: Evaluation of quality improvement initiatives should examine program outcomes taking into consideration the interplay of resources, reasoning, and risk factors for dyscompetence.
THE INFLUENCE OF SALES GROWTH, PROFITABILITY AND ACTIVITY ON FINANCIAL DISTRESS

The condition of financial distress is a condition that precedes which a business will run in condition of incapacity or business failure and will eventually lead to the worst condition in business, which is bankruptcy. Bankruptcy and business failure are a scourge and common in a competitive business environment. The problem of financial difficulties arises when the company can no longer fulfill its payment commitments or cannot fulfill its debts (Michael, et al, 2020). Within the company, the bankruptcy analysis can be useful to anticipate as an early warning of bankruptcy conditions and for business continuity or sustainability. So that the risk of bankruptcy can be minimized and improvements can be made immediately. There are several models that can be used in analyzing a company's Financial Distress, the most widely used is the Altman model. The study aims to analyze and identify the influence of fundamental factors represented by ratios such as Sales Growth Analysis, ROA Ratio, Current Ratio, and Activity ratio on Financial Distress conditions. This research was conducted on financial statements of oil and gas mining sector company listed on the Indonesia stock exchange. Data was collected using data panel with multiple linear regression technique analysis. Data was proceed using Eviews 12. The result show Sales growth, ROA, Current Ratio and TATO ratio have a partially significant effect on Financial Distress. Sales growth ROA, Current Ratio and TATO ratio together and a simultaneous have an effect on Financial Distress.
Surveillance for World Trade Center disaster health effects among survivors of collapsed and damaged buildings.

PROBLEM/CONDITION Survivors of collapsed or damaged buildings from the attack on the World Trade Center (WTC) were among those most exposed to injury hazards, air pollution, and traumatic events. REPORTING PERIOD This report summarizes data from health outcomes collected during interviews conducted from September 5, 2003, to the close of the World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR) enrollment on November 20, 2004. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM WTCHR will be used to monitor periodically the mental and physical health of 71,437 enrollees for 20 years. The analysis is limited to 8,418 adult survivors of collapsed buildings (n = 5,095) and buildings with major or moderate damage (n = 3,323), excluding those who were involved in rescue and recovery. RESULTS A total of 62.4% of survivors of collapsed or damaged buildings were caught in the dust and debris cloud that resulted from the collapse of the WTC towers, and 63.8% experienced three or more potentially psychologically traumatizing events. Injuries were common (43.6%), but few survivors reported injuries that would have required extensive treatment. More than half (56.6%) of survivors reported experiencing new or worsening respiratory symptoms after the attacks, 23.9% had heartburn/reflux, and 21.0% had severe headaches. At the time of the interview, 10.7% of building survivors screened positive for serious psychological distress (SPD) using the K6 instrument. After multiple adjustments, data indicated that survivors caught in the dust and debris cloud were more likely to report any injuries (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.9; p< or =0.05); any respiratory symptom (AOR = 2.7; p< or =0.05); severe headaches (AOR = 2.0; p< or =0.05); skin rash/irritation (AOR = 1.7; p< or =0.05); hearing problems or loss (AOR = 1.7; p< or =0.05); heartburn (AOR = 1.7; p< or =0.05); diagnosed stroke (AOR = 5.6; p< or =0.05); self-reported depression, anxiety, or other emotional problem (AOR = 1.4; p< or =0.05); and current SPD (AOR = 2.2; p< or =0.05). Adjustment for SPD did not diminish the observed associations between dust cloud exposure and physical health outcomes. Building type and time of evacuation were associated with injuries on September 11, 2001 and reported symptoms; building type (collapsed versus damaged) also was associated with mental distress. INTERPRETATION Two to three years after September 11, survivors of buildings that collapsed or that were damaged as a result of the WTC attack reported substantial physical and mental health problems. The long-term ramifications of these effects are unknown. Many survivors were caught directly in the dust and debris of collapsing towers, a dense cloud of particulate matter that might have produced or exacerbated these health effects. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION RECOMMENDED: Long-term follow-up of building survivors and all other persons enrolled in WTCHR should be maintained, with particular attention to those persons exposed to the dust cloud. Some of these findings might lead to building designs that can minimize injury hazards.
Surveillance for cancers associated with tobacco use--United States, 1999-2004.

PROBLEM/CONDITION Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease and premature death in the United States. The 2004 Surgeon General report found convincing evidence for a direct causal relationship between tobacco use and the following cancers: lung and bronchial, laryngeal, oral cavity and pharyngeal, esophageal, stomach, pancreatic, kidney and renal pelvis, urinary bladder, and cervical cancers and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). This report provides state-level cancer incidence data and recent trends for cancers associated with tobacco use. Because information on tobacco use was not available in the databases of the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, cases of cancer included in this report might or might not be in persons who used tobacco; however, the cancer types included in this report are those defined by the U.S. Surgeon General as having a direct causal relationship with tobacco use (i.e., referred to as tobacco-related cancer in this report). These data are important for initiation, monitoring, and evaluation of targeted tobacco prevention and control measures. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED 1999--2004. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEMS Data were obtained from cancer registries affiliated with CDC's NPCR and the National Cancer Institute's SEER program; combined, these data cover approximately 92% of the U.S. population. Combined data from the NPCR and SEER programs provide the best source of information on population-based cancer incidence for the nation and are the only source of information for 41 states (including the District of Columbia) with cancer surveillance programs that are funded solely by NPCR. This report provides age-adjusted cancer incidence rates by demographic and geographic characteristics, percentage distributions for tumor characteristics, and trends in cancer incidence by sex. RESULTS Approximately 2.4 million cases of tobacco-related cancer were diagnosed during 1999--2004. Age-adjusted incidence rates ranged from 4.0 per 100,000 persons (for AML) to 69.4 (for lung and bronchial cancer). High rates occurred among men, black and non-Hispanic populations, and older adults. Higher incidence rates of lung and laryngeal cancer occurred in the South compared with other regions, particularly the West, consistent with high smoking patterns in the South. INTERPRETATION The high rates of tobacco-related cancer observed among men, blacks, non-Hispanics, and older adults reflect overall demographic patterns of cancer incidence in the United States and reflect patterns of tobacco use. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION The findings in this report emphasize the need for ongoing surveillance and reporting to monitor cancer incidence trends, identify populations at greatest risk for developing cancer related to tobacco use, and evaluate the effectiveness of targeted tobacco control programs and policies.
Simulated Oral Proficiency Interviews Recent Developments

The simulated oral proficiency interview (SOPI) is a performance-based, tape-mediated speaking test. It follows the general structure of the oral proficiency interview (OPI) used by government agencies and the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages to measure speaking proficiency. Whereas the OPI is a face-to-face interview, the SOPI relies on audiotaped instructions and a test booklet to elicit language from the examinee. Unlike many semi-direct tests, the SOPI contextualizes all tasks to ensure that they appear as authentic as possible. The prototypical SOPI follows the same four phases as the OPI: warm-up, level checks, probes, and wind-down. The warm-up phase, designed to ease examinees into the test format, begins with simple personal background questions posed on the tape in a simulated encounter with a native speaker of the target language. The examinee responds to each warm-up question during a brief pause on the tape after each question. The next phase of the test consists of tasks similar to the level check and probe phases of the OPI. These tasks assess the examinee’s ability to perform different functions at the ACTFL Intermediate, Advanced, and Superior levels. (For more information on the ACTFL Guidelines, see Stansfield, 1992.) The prototypical SOPI includes picture-based tasks that allow examinees to perform tasks such as asking questions, giving directions based on a simple map, describing a place, or narrating a sequence of events based on the illustrations provided. Other SOPI tasks
HIV decision support : from molecule to man

(59 articles) computational biology (13 articles) medical computing collections Articles on similar topics can be found in the following Email alerting service here in the box at the top right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article-sign up Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is recognized to be one of the most destructive pandemics in recorded history. Effective highly active antiretroviral therapy and the availability of genetic screening of patient virus data have led to sustained viral suppression and higher life expectancy in patients who have been infected with HIV. The sheer complexity of the disease stems from the multiscale and highly dynamic nature of the system under study. The complete cascade from genome, proteome, metabolome and physiome to health forms a multidimensional system that crosses many orders of magnitude in temporal and spatial scales. Understanding, quantifying and handling this complexity is one of the biggest challenges of our time, which requires a highly multidisciplinary approach. In order to supply researchers with an interactive framework and to provide the medical professional with appropriate tools and information for making a balanced and reliable clinical decision, we have developed 'ViroLab', a collaborative decision-support system (http://www.virolab.org/). ViroLab contains computational models that cover various spatial and temporal scales from atomic-level interactions in nanoseconds up to sociological interactions on the epidemiological level, spanning years of disease progression. ViroLab allows for personalized drug ranking. It is on trial in six hospitals and various virology and epidemiology laboratories across Europe.
Adaptive Importance Sampling in General Mixture Classes

In this paper, we propose an adaptive algorithm that iteratively updates both the weights and component parameters of a mixture importance sampling density so as to optimise the performance of importance sampling, as measured by an entropy criterion. The method, called M-PMC, is shown to be applicable to a wide class of importance sampling densities, which includes in particular mixtures of multivariate Student t distributions. The performance of the proposed scheme is studied on both artificial and real examples, highlighting in particular the benefit of a novel Rao-Blackwellisation device which can be easily incorporated in the updating scheme. Key-words: Importance sampling, Adaptive Monte Carlo, Mixture models, Entropy, Kullback-Leibler divergence, EM algorithm, Population Monte Carlo. ∗ LTCI, ENST & CNRS, Paris † INT, Evry ‡ École Centrale & LATP, CNRS, Marseille § INRIA Saclay, Projet select, Université Paris-Sud, & CREST, INSEE ¶ CEREMADE, Université Paris Dauphine & CREST, INSEE in ria -0 01 81 47 4, v er si on 4 3 M ar 2 00 8 Échantillonnage préférentiel adaptatif par mélanges de loi Résumé : Dans cet article, nous proposons un nouvel algorithme d’échantillonnage préférentiel adaptatif. Ce schéma concerne les lois de proposition de type mélange. Il actualise à la fois les poids et les paramètres internes de ces lois. Le critère optimisé est celui de l’entropie. Nous montrons que la méthode proposée est applicable à une large classe de mélanges, classe incluant les mélanges de loi de Student multivariées. Les performances du schéma proposé sont étudiées sur des exemples artificiels et un exemple réel. Mots-clés : Échantillonnage préférentiel, mélanges de loi, méthodes de Monte-Carlo adaptatives, entropie. in ria -0 01 81 47 4, v er si on 4 3 M ar 2 00 8 Adaptive importance sampling 3
THE POWER OF BREATH: DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING

In contrast to shallow breathing, diaphragmatic breathing is marked by expansion of the abdomen rather than the chest during the in breath. With shallow breathing, also known as thoracic or chest breathing, minimal breath is drawn into the lungs, using primarily the intercostal muscles and not the diaphragm. When lung expansion occurs lower in the body, breathing is described as “deep” and corresponds with observed or felt movement of the abdomen outward with inhalation.