Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimus: Organizing Sentences via Pre-trained Modeling of a Latent Space

When trained effectively, the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) can be both a powerful generative model and an effective representation learning framework for natural language. In this paper, we propose the first large-scale language VAE model, Optimus. A universal latent embedding space for sentences is first pre-trained on large text corpus, and then fine-tuned for various language generation and understanding tasks. Compared with GPT-2, Optimus enables guided language generation from an abstract level using the latent vectors. Compared with BERT, Optimus can generalize better on low-resource language understanding tasks due to the smooth latent space structure. Extensive experimental results on a wide range of language tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of Optimus. It achieves new state-of-the-art on VAE language modeling benchmarks. We hope that our first pre-trained big VAE language model itself and results can help the NLP community renew the interests of deep generative models in the era of large-scale pre-training, and make these principled methods more practical.
Neural CRF Sentence Alignment Model for Text Simpliﬁcation

The success of a text simpliﬁcation system heavily depends on the quality and quantity of complex-simple sentence pairs in the training corpus, which are extracted by aligning sentences between parallel articles. To evaluate and improve sentence alignment quality, we create two manually annotated sentence-aligned datasets from two commonly used text simpliﬁcation corpora. We also propose a novel neural CRF alignment model which not only leverages the sequential nature of sentences in parallel documents but also utilizes a neural sentence pair model to capture semantic similarity. Experiments demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms all the previous approaches on monolingual sentence alignment task by more than 5 points in F1. We apply our aligner to construct N EWSELA -A UTO and W IKI -A UTO text simpliﬁcation datasets, which are larger and of better quality compared to the existing datasets. A Transformer model trained on our datasets establishes a new state-of-the-art for sentence simpliﬁcation in both automatic and human evaluation. 1
Exploring the improvement of corporate performance after mergers – the case of Greece

This paper examines empirically the impact of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) on the operating performance of M&A-involved firms in Greece. Using financial and non-financial characteristics, the post-merger performance of fifty Greek companies, listed at the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE) that executed at least one merger or acquisition in the period from 1998 to 2002, is investigated. Selected accounting variables (financial characteristics) are introduced to measure operating performance and compare preand postM&A firm performance for three years before and after M&A, while the year of M&A event is omitted from comparisons. Furthermore, the business strategy and the operating performance of the firms are evaluated on a set of explanatory variables (non-financial characteristics) from a confidential questionnaire response data, which include the type of merger, the method of evaluation and the method of payment.
ANALYSIS OF THE SPATIAL INFLUENCE OF THE GHANA POLICE SERVICE IN THE KUMASI METROPOLIS

The efficacy of neighborhood crime prevention strategies in the 21st century appears challenged by competitive spatial and demographic expansions within a fluid medium of informality, globalization and neo-liberalization in the developing world. Hence, Africa’s and Ghana’s success in the global quest for safe and inclusive cities by 2030 is in doubt. This study explores how the Ghana police administrative and command structures, the police numerical strength, and the spatial distribution of the police stations/posts contribute towards the global desire for safe and inclusive cities in the Kumasi metropolis. Thematic analysis of the lived experiences of 54 key informants, and 12 focus group discussions, as well as spatial analysis of police visibility in the Kumasi metropolis unraveled that, in a regulated vertical command structure, the police administrative boundaries, the local government boundaries and the respondents’ sense of neighborhoods are structurally and functionally disjointed in the provision of internal security. Hence, collaborations between the Ghana Police Service, the local government service and the traditional authorities in defining boundaries will induce the desired collective efforts for an all-inclusive safe built environment.
PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE

Introduction Among college students, insomnia remains a topic of research focus, especially as it pertains to its correlates and the extent of its association with mental conditions. This study aimed to shed light on the chief predictors of insomnia among college students. Methods A cross-sectional survey on a convenience sample of college students (aged ≥18 years) at 2 large midwestern universities was conducted from March 18 through August 23, 2019. All participants were administered validated screening instruments used to screen for insomnia, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Insomnia correlates were identified by using multivariate logistic regression. Results Overall, 26.4% of students experienced insomnia; 41.2% and 15.8% had depression and had ADHD symptoms, respectively. Students with depression (adjusted odds ratio, 9.54; 95% CI, 4.50–20.26) and students with ADHD (adjusted odds ratio, 3.48; 95% CI, 1.48–8.19) had significantly higher odds of insomnia. The odds of insomnia were also significantly higher among employed students (odds ratio, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.05–4.18). Conclusion This study showed an association between insomnia and mental health conditions among college students. Policy efforts should be directed toward primary and secondary prevention programs that enforce sleep education interventions, particularly among employed college students and those with mental illnesses.
Skin tumors and their viral origin

Cutaneous tumors have risk factors, including oncogenic viruses. In this paper, the most frequent viruses known to be related to skin tumors, the available diagnostic detection assays and possible prevention and therapy are presented. The clinical utility of this report is to raise awareness to the fact that some cancer-inducing viruses may be treated with targeted therapy and some other infections can be prevented by vaccination.
Annual Report of the Poison Control Centre, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt, 2012

Background: Poisoning is a growing potential threat to the Egyptian community. The Poison Control Centre Ain Shams University Hospitals (PCCA) received 19 744 cases in the year 2012. The aim of this study is to portray the pattern of poisoning among cases admitted to (PCCA) in the year 2012 to evaluate the commonest poisoning causes, ways of management and outcomes during that year. Methods: Computerized data of a specially designed program comprised demographic in addition to clinical and management data of the poisoning cases received in PCCA in the year 2012. A descriptive analysis and statistics of the medical records is accomplished. Results: Overall, 19 744poison exposure cases were recorded. The largest poisoning affection was at the age group of 15 - <25years accounting for 38.3% of total cases . Female poisoning predominate representing 55% of total cases. Attempted suicide was obviously more common representing 49.5% of total cases. Substances most frequently involved were food poisoning, organophosphate, household products and tramadol that obviously increase yearly over the last few years. Clinical severity according to Persson et al., (1998) was mild in (84.1%) of cases, moderate in 12.8% and severe in 3.1%. Seventy eight fatalities were recorded. Management of these cases was described. Conclusions: Special attention has been drawn towards increased attempted suicide in adolescents and early adulthood, the younger age of drug users and the progressive increase of some drugs of abuse.
Within-farm strain dynamics of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis: Evidence for limited vertical transmission

MAP-infected dairy cattle are assumed to be a high risk for transmitting infection to their daughters. Alternatively, if both dam and daughter are genetically more susceptible to MAP, they may be both infected but not necessarily due to vertical transmission. Using strain typing techniques including multi locus short sequence repeat (MLSSR) typing allows a potential distinction between vertical transmission and genetic susceptibility. Analyzing strain diversity in longitudinal datasets provides additional insight into within-herd infection dynamics, including the transmission of MAP from dams to daughters. To investigate the importance of vertical transmission, we identified 12 pairs of dams and daughters for which both animals are known MAP infected from the Regional Dairy Quality Management Alliance (RDQMA) study herd in NY. All adult animals on the farm were tested for MAP via fecal culture semi-annually for seven years. Tissue samples were available on a subset of cull animals. Animals were considered MAP-infected if they ever cultured positive or if any of their tissues cultured positive at slaughter. Cultures were performed at University of Pennsylvania on HEYM solid media. Positive cultures were substreaked and processed for MLSSR typing. Following genotyping, isolates from each damdaughter pair were compared to determine whether they shared the same MAP genotype. Environmental MAP burden at birth was assessed via typing of MAP-positive environmental samples (collected four times a year) and known MAP-infected animals present on the farm during the high-risk first year of life. Of the 12 infected dam-daughter pairs, 9 had identical strains shared between the dams and daughters. In addition, 2 daughters had the dam’s strain as well as another circulating strain. Overall, there were 8 strains represented in the daughters that did not come from dams (2 daughters had multiple strains which did not originate from the dam). These results lend additional importance to the impact of genetics on susceptibility, as 5 of 12 daughters carried different strains of MAP than their dams, even when concurrently infected with the dam’s strain.
New charts for the assessment of body composition, according to air-displacement plethysmography, at birth and across the first 6 mo of life.

BACKGROUND Air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) is a good candidate for monitoring body composition in newborns and young infants, but reference centile curves are lacking that allow for assessment at birth and across the first 6 mo of life. OBJECTIVE Using pooled data from 4 studies, we aimed to produce new charts for assessment according to gestational age at birth (30 + 1 to 41 + 6 wk) and postnatal age at measurement (1-27 wk). METHODS The sample comprised 222 preterm infants born in the United States who were measured at birth; 1029 term infants born in Ireland who were measured at birth; and 149 term infants born in the United States and 57 term infants born in Italy who were measured at birth, 1 and 2 wk, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 mo of age. Infants whose birth weights were <3rd or >97th centile of the INTERGROWTH-21st standard were excluded, thereby ensuring that the charts depict body composition of infants whose birth weights did not indicate suboptimal fetal growth. Sex-specific centiles for fat mass (kg), fat-free mass (kg), and percentage body fat were estimated using the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method. RESULTS For each sex and measure (e.g., fat mass), the new charts comprised 2 panels. The first showed centiles according to gestational age, allowing term infants to be assessed at birth and preterm infants to be monitored until they reached term. The second showed centiles according to postnatal age, allowing all infants to be monitored to age 27 wk. The LMS values underlying the charts were presented, enabling researchers and clinicians to convert measurements to centiles and z scores. CONCLUSIONS The new charts provide a single tool for the assessment of body composition, according to ADP, in infants across the first 6 mo of life and will help enhance early-life nutritional management.
The use of videoconferencing in nursing for people in their homes

The aim of this literature review is to bring to the forefront knowledge about the suitability of videoconferencing in nursing for patients and their families living at home. A systematic literature review that included studies of videoconferencing in nursing care. Inclusion criteria were original studies relevant to concept of study. Computerized bibliographic databases (PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO) were searched from January 2008 to October 2016. In total, 325 articles were identified. Eight articles (1539 participants) met the inclusion criteria, and were finally included. The eight articles covered videoconferencing used in follow-up care for patients living in their homes after surgery, postpartum, chronic illnesses, families with premature infants, and children with cancer. A conventional content analysis was conducted. The results show that the success of videoconferencing depends on satisfying network access. Nurses as well as patients thought videoconferencing was similar to meeting in person. Videoconferencing seems to support person-centred nursing, promote selfmanagement and motivate patients and families to engage in their health. The use of videoconferencing requires further organization of the nursing practice. The study indicates that videoconferencing can be a suitable alternative to traditional nursing follow-up when network access and technology function properly and the nursing service is well organized. Videoconferencing seems to underpin person-centred nursing. Knowledge gaps identified, more research needed as bases for assessment of videoconferencing suitability in nursing for individual persons in different treatment situations.
Regulation of sweet cherry fruit abscission: the role of photo-assimilation, sugars and abscisic acid

Summary Premature late-season fruit abscission is a major concern for UK sweet cherry growers, but its causes are not understood. Competition for resources such as photo-assimilates and plant hormones may trigger fruit abscission. We therefore examined the roles of photo-assimilation, sugars and abscisic acid (ABA) in the regulation of late-season fruit abscission. The experimental material consisted of phloem-girdled short shoots (‘spurs’) with two distinct ranges of leaf area to fruit number (LA:FN) ratios. These ratios were achieved by selecting spurs with similar leaf areas, but different fruit numbers. Our previous research showed that fruit rapidly abscise from spurs with a low LA:FN ratio (within 14 – 21 d after girdling; DAG), while fruit on spurs with a high ratio are typically retained. Photo-assimilation of leaves was measured over 15 DAG. Fruits were collected for the determination of sorbitol, ABA and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid concentrations 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 DAG. After girdling, photo-assimilation of leaves from spurs with a low LA:FN ratio was greater than that of leaves from spurs with a high LA:FN ratio. However, fruit on spurs with a low LA:FN ratio potentially received three-fold less photo-assimilate per fruit compared to fruit on spurs with a high LA:FN ratio. Before the symptoms of abscission appeared, sorbitol concentrations in fruit were 30% lower on spurs with low LA:FN compared to fruit on spurs with a high ratio. As the symptoms of abscission developed for fruit on spurs with a low LA:FN ratio, fruit ABA concentrations increased as fruit sorbitol concentrations declined. Experiments to determine if the exogenous application of ABA induced fruit abscission showed a rapid induction of fruit loss. These results support the hypothesis that source limitation, through the supply of photo-assimilates, can cause late-season fruit abscission in sweet cherry. However, the delayed rise detected in fruit ABA concentration appears more consequential than abscission-related.
Proximate Composition and Physical Characteristics of Eggs from Laying Chickens Fed Different Proprietary Vitamin-Mineral Premixes Under Two Rearing Systems During Storage

The proximate composition and physical characteristics of eggs from laying chickens fed diets supplemented with five different proprietary vitamin-mineral premixes (VMP) under two rearing systems (RS) in the duration of storage (DOS) were assessed. A 240 twenty week-old black Bovan nera chickens at the point of lay were randomly allotted equally to two RS in the deep litter (DL) and battery cages (BC). , Pullets were further allocated in each RS to five dietary treatments of 24 birds per treatment each in triplicate of eight birds per replicate. Five isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets formulated were each supplemented with 0.25% of the different VMP 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 to obtain treatments T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Experimental diets and water were offered to respective birds ad libitum. At week 36, 75 eggs were sampled from each RS, stored at room temperature and thereafter assayed at days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The experiment was a 2 X 6 X 5 factorial arrangement in completely randomized design. Crude protein (11.63%) and ether extract (7.67%) were significantly higher (P 0.05) for all parameters measured. Haugh unit and yolk index relative to DOS both gave negative and highly significant (P<0.01) regression equations: y = 0.000x 4 -0.044x 3 +0.864x 2 -7.915x+83.08 (R 2 =0.874) and y = -0.000x 3 +0.050x 2 -1.861x+41.89 (R 2 =0.935) respectively. Conclusively, extent of reduction in egg quality in the DOS was influenced by the different dietary VMP employed in the feeding as well as the hens RS.
Controlled comparison between betamethasone gel and lidocaine jelly applied over endotracheal tube in reducing postoperative sore throat, cough, and hoarseness of voice

Background and Aims: Postoperative sore throat (POST), cough (C), and hoarseness of voice (H) are common, uncomfortable, and frequently ignored sequel after endotracheal intubation. They are likely to be the consequences of local irritation and inflammation so may be amenable to locally administered steroids. Systemic corticosteroids have been shown to prevent the postextubation upper airway obstruction after long-term intubation. Various reports about the efficacy of pharmacological and nonpharmacological measures on complications of intubation have been published. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, hospital-based experimental study including 180 patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II; age group 18–45 years; and scheduled for elective surgery requiring general endotracheal anesthesia were randomly allocated into three groups – Group I, II, and C). Incidence and severity of POST, C, and H were compared using betamethasone gel, lignocaine jelly, or when nothing was applied. Incidence of coughing or bucking and hemodynamic variability was also compared between groups. Quantitative variables in various groups were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and compared using ANOVA and/or unpaired t-test between the groups and paired t-test within each group. Qualitative variables were expressed as frequencies/percentages and compared using Chi-square test. Results: Incidence and severity of POST, C, H, and coughing/bucking was maximum in Group C, followed by Group II and least in Group I (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Betamethasone gel applied over tracheal tube effectively reduces the incidence and severity of POST, C, and H as compared to lignocaine jelly or when nothing was applied.
Early development and larval stages of Palaemon tenuipes (Henderson)

Palaemon tenuipes Henderson, locally known as Mutta chemmeen' though of little commercial value is often caught during the monsoon period at Cannanore. Studies on the embryonic and larval development of palaemonid prawns from Indian waters are very few and studies of Menon (1939) on the first two larval stages of Palaemon carcinus and Palaemon raids. Das (1935) and Rajyalakshmi (1961) on Palaemon lamarrei H. M. Edw. , Nataraj (1947) and Iyer (1949) on the Palaemon idae Heller, and John (1947) on the life history of Palaemon carcinus Fabr. , are there. In 1960 Rajyalakshmi has made a comparative observation on the early development and larval stages of Palaemon malcomsonii—H. M. Edw. , P. rudis Heller. , P. mirdbilis Kemp and P. scabriculus Heller. So far no studies have been carried out on the developmental and larval stages of Palaemon tenuipes from Indian waters. The present account on the development of P. tenuipes is based on the oteervations on the early developmental stages of the species followed upto the third stage.
BIODIVERSITY OF RARE THERMOPHILIC ACTINOMYCETES IN THE GREAT INDIAN THAR DESERT: AN OVERVIEW

Article history Microbial pathogens are developing resistance against existing antibiotics, stressing the need for discovery of new anti-microbial compounds. Actinomycetes produce ~80% of the available anti- microbials. The likelihood of bio prospecting un-discovered species from the terrestrial habitats have almost diminished so that the search for novel products has switched to rare genera of actinomycetes from normal habitats to discovery of species found in un-usual habitats like deserts. In Rajasthan most of the land area is covered with the great Indian desert Thar where most of times high temperature prevails. A very few reports are available in literature pertaining to the selective isolation and screening of yet unknown, anti-microbial compounds of therapeutic use from rare actinomycetes from desert eco-system. The present review discusses the need of future research to be done on actinomycetes diversity in desert ecosystem and highlights the recent research and development.
Effectiveness of Specifically Modified Plant Based Dietary Intervention and Anti-Gravity Exercise in Type 2 Diabetics a Follow-up Study

To test the hypothesis that specifically modified plant based diet and anti-gravity exercises in Type 2 diabetics followed for a period of 10-14 weeks improves the glycemic control and reduces requirement of anti-diabetic medication. Around 386 confirmed diabetic participants enrolled in this study. Out of these 259 participants completed the study. This was a follow up study for a period of 10-14 weeks where the anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters were measured at week 0 and at week 10-14 weeks. Medication was also monitored on a daily basis based on the blood glucose levels and change in medication was noted at the end of 10-14 weeks. After 10-14 weeks of consumption of modified plant based diet and anti-gravity exercises was accompanied by a significant reduction in anthropometric measurements like body weight (p=0.0001*), BMI (p=0.0001*), fat percentage (p=0.0003*) and visceral fat percentage (p=0.0002*). Lower anthropometric measurements was accompanied by a reduction in HbA1C (p=0.000*), fasting (p=0.038*) and postprandial (p=0.000*) blood glucose levels. A reduction in the dosage and number of participants requiring oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) and insulin was observed due to improved glycemic index. In the diabetic study population, intervention with modified plant based diet and anti-gravity exercises was associated with an improved glycemic control and reduced requirement of anti-diabetic medications. These findings may assist in development of a standard integrated protocol for treating diabetic patients thus reducing the pre-disposition to diabetic complications thus preventing or prolonging the onset of diabetes complications.