Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Solanum aculeastrum on hematological parameters of Al-bino mice infected with Aspergillus
fumigatus

The goal of the current study was to research the changes in hematological parameters: WBC count, RBCs count, Hb, PCV, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte in albino mice infected with Aspergillus fumigatus by intraperitoneal injection after induced immunosuppression by intraperitoneal injection of cortisone. The current research also examined an attempt to reduce the infection load by treating Solanum aculeastrum. The result shows higher decreased significance (P≤0. 05) in RBCs, Hb, and PCV after being infected with A. fumigatus 7. 1 ± 0. 8, 11. 3 ± 0. 5 and 41. 5 ± 2. 4, respectively, while the total WBC count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocytes were increased significantly (P≤0. 05) after treatment with S. aculeastrum in groups infected with A. fumigatus, compared to other groups. According to these results, we conclude that the alcoholic extract of S. Astrum has significant therapeutic and antifungal characteristics that lead to an increase in the total WBC count and, therefore, is considered a necessary alternative therapy for increasing immunity. Keywords: Cortisone, Hematology, Fungi, Iraq.
Is conservation agriculture a potential option for cereal-based sustainable farming system in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of Nepal?

Abstract A decline in land and water productivity, increase in the cost of cultivation, and labor-intensive practices are affecting the cereal-based farming system in Nepal, particularly in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). Conservation agriculture (CA) practices have been found to be the climate-, energy-, and labor-smart and sustainable agricultural production technologies. Sustainable and Resilient Farming System Intensification (SRFSI) has been working since 2014 in response to the sustainability of the cereal-based (rice–wheat and rice–maize) farming in Sunsari and Dhanusha districts of Nepal. This study was conducted to assess the adoption and scaling up of CA in addition to input usage, production, net profit, benefit to cost (B:C) ratio, and labor use of CA practice on average scale land holdings in Sunsari district. The study employed structured questionnaires and key informant surveys as the main data collection tools and project reports were used as secondary data. Results revealed that farmers had several tangible advantages: lower labor utilization per area (71 people day−1 ha−1 as compared to 106 for conventional), lower input cost (NRs. 78,395 ha−1 as compared to 102,727 ha−1), less irrigation with regards to ponding time (50%) as compared to conventional practice, and higher crop productivity (8.11 t ha−1 as compared to 8.08 t ha−1 in rice–wheat and 13.1 t ha−1 as compared to 11.75 t ha−1 in conventional rice–maize) farming system through the adoption of CA practices. This study assessed the potential of CA-based practices in a cereal-based cropping system to improve the yields and net profit for sustainability.
Structural-topic aware deep neural networks for information cascade prediction

It is critical to accurately predict the future popularity of information cascades for many related applications, such as online opinion warning or academic influence evaluation. Despite many efforts devoted to developing effective prediction approaches, especially the recent presence of deep learning-based model, the structural information of the cascade network is ignored. Thus, to make use of the structural information in cascade prediction task, we propose a structural-topic aware deep neural networks (STDNN), which firstly learns the structure topic distribution of each node in the cascade, feeds it to a sequential neural network, and finally predicts the future popularity of the cascades. It can inherit the high interpretability of Hawkes process and possesses the high predictive power of deep learning methods, bridging the gap between prediction and understanding of information cascades by capturing indicative graph structures. We evaluate our model through quantitative experiments, where our model exhibits promising performance, efficiency higher than the baselines.
Climatology of the spring Red Sea Trough

The spring Sudan low and its Red Sea Trough (RST) were detected objectively using sea level pressure data obtained from a National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis dataset spanning the period from 1955 to 2014. The climatology of the detected lows suggested that the Sudan low was active for approximately 69.5% of the spring and that approximately 56.2% of this time the Sudan low developed into the RST. Furthermore, three main genesis regions of the RST, which generated 95.25% of the RST, were identified over Sudan, South Sudan and the Red Sea, approximately 61.76% of which was over South Sudan. In addition, three main outermost areas of the RST, which received 94.1% of the RST, were specified to the west, east and north of the Red Sea, approximately 54.88% of which was in the eastern region. Synoptically, the orientations of the detected RST around the Red Sea are strongly influenced by the Siberian and Azores high systems. The RST is directed along the western side of the Red Sea if the Siberian high extends westward and the Azores high shrinks westward, whereas the RST is oriented to the east if the Siberian high shrinks eastward and the Azores high extends eastward. The RST extends directly northward if the Siberian and Azores high systems withdraw eastward and westward, respectively. These results also demonstrate that the core position and strength of the upper maximum winds play an important role in the generation of RST. The selected case studies have confirmed the synoptic climate results and indicate that the Sudan low will not develop into RST when the northern region has been affected by a high‐pressure system and the core of the upper maximum wind is located over the northern Arabian Peninsula.
Possible records of space weathering on Vesta: Case study in a brecciated eucrite Northwest Africa 1109

Records of space weathering are important for understanding the formation and evolution of surface regolith on airless celestial bodies. Current understanding of space weathering processes on asteroids including asteroid‐4 Vesta, the source of the howardite–eucrite–diogenite (HED) meteorites, lags behind what is known for the Moon. In this study, we studied agglutinates, a vesicular glass‐coating lithic clast, and a fine‐grained sulfide replacement texture in the polymict breccia Northwest Africa (NWA) 1109 with electron microscopy. In agglutinates, nanophase grains of FeNi and FeS were observed, whereas npFe0 was absent. We suggested that the agglutinates in NWA 1109 formed from fine‐grained surface materials of Vesta during meteorite/micrometeorite bombardment. The fine‐grained sulfide replacement texture (troilite + hedenbergite + silica) should be a result of reaction between S‐rich vapors and pyroxferroite. The unique Fe/Mn values of relict pyroxferroite indicate a different source from normal HED pyroxenes, arguing that the reaction took place on or near the surface of Vesta. The fine‐grained sulfide replacement texture could be a product of nontypical space weathering on airless celestial bodies. We should pay attention to this texture in future returned samples by asteroid exploration missions.
MODELING THE 1958 LITUYA BAY MEGA-TSUNAMI, II

Lituya Bay, Alaska is a T-Shaped bay, 7 miles long and up to 2 miles wide. The two arms at the head of the bay, Gilbert and Crillon Inlets, are part of a trench along the Fairweather Fault. On July 8, 1958, an 7.5 Magnitude earthquake occurred along the Fairweather fault with an epicenter near Lituya Bay. A mega-tsunami wave was generated that washed out trees to a maximum altitude of 520 meters at the entrance of Gilbert Inlet. Much of the rest of the shoreline of the Bay was denuded by the tsunami from 30 to 200 meters altitude. In the previous study it was determined that if the 520 meter high run-up was 50 to 100 meters thick, the observed inundation in the rest of Lituya Bay could be numerically reproduced. It was also concluded that further studies would require full Navier-Stokes modeling similar to those required for asteroid generated tsunami waves. During the Summer of 2000, Hermann Fritz conducted experiments that reproduced the Lituya Bay 1958 event. The laboratory experiments indicated that the 1958 Lituya Bay 524 meter run-up on the spur ridge of Gilbert Inlet could be caused by a landslide impact. The Lituya Bay impact landslide generated tsunami was modeled with the full Navier- Stokes AMR Eulerian compressible hydrodynamic code called SAGE with includes the eect of gravity.
Home Sweet Home? Wide-Ranging Movements of Socially Stable Resident Delphinids (Globicephala macrorhynchus)

espanolLos patrones de movimiento de las poblaciones de delfinidos son generalmente limitados en el espacio, con la excepcion de la orca (Orcinus orca). Ademas, la informacion sobre las grandes migraciones de estos animales es limitada en relacion con la estructura social, estatus de residencia o el proposito de la migracion. En el presente trabajo, la comparacion de catalogos de fotoidentificacion de calderon tropical (Globicephala macrorhynchus) de Madeira y Azores mostro que cinco animales adultos han realizado un viaje de ida y vuelta, de no menos de 2000 km. Estos delfinidos pertenecen a un grupo residente en Madeira, tienen una fidelidad de larga duracion y fueron fotografiados en Azores durante una parada aparente, de al menos 10 dias, seguramente para la cria y alimentacion. El analisis de los patrones de asociacion de estos individuos muestra que fueron registrados juntos en multiples ocasiones durante todo el periodo de estudio, sugiriendo que son miembros de una unidad cohesionada. Estos descubrimientos amplian nuestro entendimiento sobre el rango de distribucion y movimiento de estos animales y sugieren cautela al establecer los estatus de residencia de los delfinidos EnglishMovement patterns of delphinid populations are generally known to occur within specific geographical areas; with the exception of the killer whale (Orcinus orca). Additionally, knowledge of wide-ranging migrations in these animals are mainly attributed to individual records with limited information on their social structure, residency status or purpose of migration. Here, a comparison of photographic-identification catalogues of short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) from the two most isolated archipelagos of the North Atlantic (Madeira and Azores) shows that five well-marked adult animals have made a round-trip movement, of no less than 2000 km. These delphinids belong to the main resident pod in Madeira, where they present long-term site fidelity and were photographed in the Azores during an apparent stop (of at least 10 days), most likely for breeding or feeding purposes. The analysis of the association patterns of these individuals shows that they were sighted together on multiple occasions during the entire study period, suggesting that they are members of a cohesive unit. These findings broaden our understanding on these animals’ home ranges and suggest caution when establishing residency status in delphinids
A Study on Quality of Life among the Elderly at Urban Health Center in North Delhi

ABSTRACT Background: Elderly population in India is growing around 3% annually and is supposed to triple by 2050 than that at the time of 2011 census, according to a country report published by the UN Population Fund (UNFPA, 2017). A better quality of life (QOL) of the elderly has become a major public health challenges of the 21st century, so timely emphasis on maintenance of physical health and psychological issues is crucial. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to measure QOL among the elderly population and to find out the association with sociodemographic factors. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done among the elderly population of an urban health training center. The study includes the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief version and a questionnaire for sociodemographic variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine associations and P value. Results: The overall QOL scores ranged between 52 and 110, with a mean score of 78.59 ± 12.6. Good QOL was observed among 64.9%of the elderly, excellent was observed among 19.8%; and the rest 15.3% had fair/average, while none of the elderly had poor QOL. Determinants significantly associated with QOL with P < 0.05 are age, educational status, professional status, marital status, and behavior of children with them and the elderly with comorbidities. Conclusion: This study shows the association of multiple factors with QOL among the elderly. Factors such as age, educational status, professional status, marital status, and behavior of children with them and the elderly with comorbidities significantly affect the QOL of the elderly. Hence, strengthening the health-care system, increase in level of education, encouraging social interaction, social security systems, and better environmental infrastructure could potentially increase QOL of the elderly population.
Implementation of All-sky Assimilation of Microwave Humidity Sounding Channels in Environment Canada’s Global Deterministic Weather Prediction System

Cloud-affected microwave humidity sounding radiances were excluded from assimilation in 4D-EnVar system of the Global Deterministic Prediction System (GDPS) at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). This was due to the inability of the current radiative transfer model to consider the scattering effect from frozen hydrometeors at these frequencies. In addition to upgrading the observation operator to RTTOV-SCATT, quality control, bias correction, and 4D-EnVar assimilation components are modified to perform all-sky assimilation of Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) channels 2-5 observations over ocean in the GDPS. The input profiles to RTTOV-SCATT are extended to include liquid cloud, ice cloud, and cloud fraction profiles for the simulation and assimilation of MHS observations over water. There is a maximum 35% increase in number of channel 2 assimilated MHS observations with smaller increases for channels 3-5 in the all-sky compared to the clear-sky experiment, mostly because of newly assimilated cloud-affected observations. The stddev of difference between the observed GPSRO refractivity observations and the corresponding simulated values using the background state was reduced in lower troposphere below 9 km in the all-sky experiment. Verifications of forecasts against the radiosonde observations show statistically significant reductions of 1% in stddev of error for geopotential height, temperature, and horizontal wind for all-sky experiment between 72- and 120- hr forecast ranges in troposphere in Northern Hemisphere domain. Verifications of forecasts against ECMWF analyses also show small improvements in zonal mean of error stddev for temperature and horizontal wind for all-sky experiment between 72- and 120-hr forecast ranges. This work is planned for operational implementation in the GDPS in Fall 2023.
Effects of Local CO2 Enrichment on Strawberry Cultivation during the Winter Season

Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is one of the most important environmental factors in crop production. Within the range of suitable CO2 concentration for crops, an increase of CO2 concentration results in an increase in net crop photosynthesis (Cure and Acock, 1986; Keutgen et al., 1997) and thereby promotes photosynthate translocation, which directly controls the crop yield and quality (Troughton and Currie, 1977; David et al., 2014). Therefore, in greenhouse horticulture, CO2 enrichment is commonly used to realize high crop productivity (Kawashima et al., 2008). In strawberry production, CO2 enrichment has been practiced since the 1970s (Kato et al., 2015), and is used widely today in strawberry-cultivation greenhouses (Wada et al., 2010). In areas of scant solar radiation during the winter season, daytime enrichment of CO2 increased crop yield by 40% (Kawashima, 1991), while in areas of abundant solar radiation, early morning enrichment of CO2 increased crop yield by 16% (Shigeno et al., 2001). The effect of CO2 enrichment on increasing yield is well established; however, a normative CO2 enrichment strategy has not been determined (Mizukami et al., 2011). Moreover, a previous study revealed the ineffectiveness of industrystandard methods for enriching CO2 (Miyoshi et al., 2013). At our experimental site in the northern Kyushu area during the winter strawberry production season, CO2 was generally enriched in the greenhouse using a fuel-burning CO2 generator only early in the morning. CO2 concentrations inside the greenhouse began to increase with the beginning of CO2 enrichment and reached a maximum of approximately 2,000 ppm. However, beginning greenhouse ventilation to cool the greenhouse rapidly decreases the CO2 concentration inside the greenhouse. Consequently, the CO2 concentration decreases to outdoor levels before noon, when photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) becomes sufficient for strawberry crop photosynthesis. Thus, greenhouse ventilation renders CO2 enrichment ineffective with regard to increasing photosynthesis in the strawberry crop. In this study, we propose a new local CO2 enrichment system. The system enriches CO2 in close proximity to the crops and thereby enables efficient control of CO2 concentration even when the greenhouse ventilation system is active. We applied the system to a strawberry greenhouse with ventilation windows to examine the effect of this local CO2 enrichment. We also examined the effects of CO2 enrichment system on physiological functions such as photo-
Differentially Expressed Genes Related to Isoflavone Biosynthesis in a Soybean Mutant Revealed by a Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] isoflavones, which are secondary metabolites with various functions, are included in food, cosmetics, and medicine. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating the glycosylation and malonylation of isoflavone glycoconjugates remain unclear. In this study, we conducted an RNA-seq analysis to compare soybean genotypes with different isoflavone contents, including Danbaek and Hwanggeum (low-isoflavone cultivars) as well as DB-088 (high-isoflavone mutant). The transcriptome analysis yielded over 278 million clean reads, representing 39,156 transcripts. The analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected 2654 up-regulated and 1805 down-regulated genes between the low- and high-isoflavone genotypes. The putative functions of these 4459 DEGs were annotated on the basis of GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. These DEGs were further analyzed to compare the expression patterns of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the genes encoding transcription factors. The examination of the relative expression levels of 70 isoflavone biosynthetic genes revealed the HID, IFS, UGT, and MAT expression levels were significantly up/down-regulated depending on the genotype and seed developmental stage. These expression patterns were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Moreover, a gene co-expression analysis detected potential protein–protein interactions, suggestive of common functions. The study findings provide valuable insights into the structural genes responsible for isoflavone biosynthesis and accumulation in soybean seeds.
Student-designed Assessments in Electrical and Computer Engineering: From Student Perceptions to Their Mastery of Materials

The remote model of instruction, after the pandemic, highlighted the need for creative and versatile assessment methods in engineering education. Developing authentic methods of assessment with the potential to reinforce mastery of the materials through channels other than learning by preparing for the tests was of particular interest. One such method that we selected was student-designed exams. Developing well-designed engineering problems requires a mastery of the material, so we put students in charge of designing their exam problems to help them achieve a higher learning level. Students also participated in follow-up one-on-one meetings with an instructional team member, after each assessment, to receive feedback and answer questions related to their designed exam problems. Using the student-designed exams as an assessment method could offer other benefits, such as reducing academic integrity violations, since each student designs a unique test and submits the solutions to their designed questions. This assessment method was also helpful in reducing the anxiety associated with high-stakes tests. In this paper, we explain the implementation of the student-designed exams in an Electrical and Computer Engineering course at the University of California, San Diego. We also discuss the format of the follow-up meetings, the grading scheme, students' perceptions of this assessment method, and the instructor's findings regarding the effectiveness of this intervention. In the feedback surveys, students mentioned that designing exam questions pushed them to pay more attention and master the concepts. They also reported that the follow-up meetings were beneficial in clarifying the confusing points and correcting their mistakes.
Antecedents of Employee Wellbeing

Objective: The aim of the current study is to highlight the role of well-being factors affecting employees’ job outcomes in Pakistani context. The current study explores nature of well-being as a psychological construct in recent studies conducted. Methodology: Systematic review of 20 studies is included. This review analyzed how the construct of well-being is measured, which research designs are used and what major outcomes can be drawn based on these studies in organizations of Pakistan.Findings: It revealed that quantitative research designs are used in studies so far. Two third of studies took the construct as employee well-being and studied it as dependent variable. Discussion: The study indicates that many factors play a role in development and decline of well-being in Pakistani organizations. Employee attitudes, interpersonal relations, job performance and outcomes impact well-being behaviors. Narcissistic supervision, emotional exhaustion and workplace bullying are dominant factors lowering well-being of employees.Practical implications: This research is helpful to understand the antecedents of well-being in organizations and provide insights for establishing healthy work environment.
The potential of TPACK-based biology learning to improve students' habits of mind

The significance of habits of mind in achieving student success was contrasted with the low level of students' habits of mind in biology learning. TPACK is a 21st-century learning approach that has the potential to improve students' habits of mind. However, this was not followed by biology teachers' mastery of TPACK, which was relatively low. So far, there has been no research that examines the role of TPACK on students' habits of mind in biology learning. This paper aims to find out the potential and implementation of TPACK-based biology learning in improving students' habits of mind. The method used was a Systematic literature review with 20 sample international and national articles. Access to digital resources enriches students' ideas and supports the development of critical thinking, creativity, and self-regulation skills. In this way, teachers are expected to not only increase their knowledge of content and pedagogy but also integrate technology into learning, allowing students to gain more meaningful knowledge. The form of implementing this technology integration can be in the form of learning media or learning assessments. What was found in this writing is that students' habits of mind can be formed through classroom learning, one of which is the TPACK approach. Recommendations for choosing more diverse biological material were also proposed in this paper so that learning becomes more dynamic, contextual, and then students' habits of mind are achieved.