Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphological variability and sexual dimorphism of stone crayfish Austropotamobius torrentium from the Marjanovića Stream (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

This paper presents the first information about the morphological variability and sexual dimorphism of the stone crayfish Austropotamobius torrentium in the area of Marjanovića Stream in Čelinac (Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina). The crayfish were caught by hand-made made baited traps from October 2018 to May 2019. A total of 67 specimens were caught, out of which 33 males and 34 females. The eight morphometric characteristics body weight (W), body length (TBL), claw length (CLL), carapace length (CPW), carapace width (CPW), abdomen length (ABL), rostrum length (ROL) and rostrum width (ROW) were analyzed for all specimens and the results were partially matched into the already known range of variations. Also, the body condition was determined for all individuals. By using the t-test, the significant differences between the sexes for W, TBL, CLL, CPW and ABL were registered, which could be explained by the sexual dimorphism of the stone crayfish.
Staff wellness: An exploration of school staff perceived health and wellness

This research resolves to understand the perceived subjective wellbeing of a school staff at a specific school site. The intent was to, using quantitative research, measure a school staff’s wellness literacy and perceived sense of individual wellness based on the wellness dimensions as well as themes of joy of teaching, sense of belonging, and self-efficacy. By recognizing areas of strength in addressing overall staff wellness, the research can help determine if school staff are flourishing based upon results from subjective wellness surveys. Furthermore, the data drawn can also be used to identify areas of need and consideration, for a future wellness program curated specifically to a school site. Research objectives included surveying a school staff to determine overall level of wellness in the wellness dimensions and themes, interpreting the data to determine areas of strength and need, and identifying areas to address in future wellness programming. When analyzing the data, interestingly, it was occupational wellness that was set apart as an area of need as opposed to what was hypothesized to be a need for physical, mental, and/or emotional wellness programming.
Stress, anguish, anxiety and resilience of university teachers in the face of covid-19

Social isolation, which is a measure imposed due to the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, it significantly affects people's mental health The objective was to determine the emotional states of university teachers in the face of Covid-19 Stress showed a high level of 89 4%;anxiety, with a high level of 94 2%;anxiety with a high level of 92 3% Regarding resilience, this was manifested at a medium-high level with 60 9% of those surveyed In conclusion, the emotional state of most of the teachers is low and their response through their resilience is medium-high © 2020, Universidad del Zulia All rights reserved
Diversity and roles of mycorrhizal fungi in the bee orchid Ophrys apifera

ABSTRACT Mycorrhiza is a crucial symbiotic association between the roots of plants and fungi within the soil environment. The specificity in these partnerships, particularly of the fungal partner is still poorly understood. Orchids require symbiotic fungi in a mycorrhizal association for seed germination and establishment, typically species within the Tulasnellaceae and Ceratobasidiaceae. The distribution of suitable mycorrhizal fungi will therefore affect the distribution of orchid plants. The bee orchid (Ophrys apifera) is considered common in southern England but is less frequent in the north. It has a conspicuous flower spike with individual flowers resembling bees. The species is surprisingly common in urban reclaimed ground where rubble provides suitable well-drained, alkaline and low nutrient conditions. Aboveground organs of Ophrys apifera were recorded over a 3-year period to understand the life history better. The basal leaf rosette starting appeared in September, flower shoot initiated at the end of April, and flowers opened in May and all organs above ground died in summer (July and August). There was a positive correlation between leaf length and leaf area, and there is no significant correlations between maximum number of leaves and maximum number of flowers. There was no obvious effect of temperature and rainfall, possibly due to stability of the weather during this period. Root and soil samples were analysed to identify potential mycorrhiza fungi. Culture-based techniques provided limited information, although this included one culture of a likely mycorrhizal genus. Samples from three sites of Liverpool University campus were investigated using Illumina amplicon sequencing of the ITS region. DNA of Tulasnellaceae and Ceratobasidaceae were detected in the soil as anticipated. In addition Sebacinaceae, Thelephoraceae, Clavariaceae, Psathyrellaceae were also detected in the soil samples. There were significant differences between the fungal communities of the three sites. A transcriptome analysis to provide insight into the orchid physiology was undertaken using protocorms derived from seed germinated in vitro and tissues of root and corm from the field. Determination of differentially expressed genes/transcripts showed specific ones were up-regulated in protocorm (e.g. related to auxin transport, carbohydrate metabolism) while others, (e.g. related to transport processes) were detected up-regulated in corm and root. These outcomes of these studies on Basidiomycota fungi and the Ophrys apifera host provide significant insight into the orchid mycorrhizal relationship
Comparison of Two Free-Farrowing Systems and a Conventional Farrowing Crate System with Special Regard to Air Hygiene

The aim of this study was to analyze the air quality in two different commercially available free-farrowing systems in comparison with a conventional farrowing crate system. A group housing system for six lactating sows (GH) and a single loose-housing system (LH) were tested against systems with farrowing crates (FC) under similar conditions. In eight evaluated batches with 148 farrowings, measurements were performed at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the occupancy period of 33 days. The mean dust concentration was significantly higher in GH than in LH and FC at the mid-point. The mean ammonia concentration was significantly higher in GH compared to LH and FC at the beginning of occupancy. The mean concentration of endotoxins was significantly higher in FC than in LH and GH at the end of occupancy. Furthermore, the systems did not differ significantly from each other. Spearman’s analysis revealed correlations between dust and time of occupancy, between ammonia and carbon dioxide, and between ammonia and the inside temperature and outside temperature. The new husbandry systems offer animals more opportunities to move without endangering animal welfare through deteriorated air hygiene.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silica Nanoparticles from Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Husk

Agriculture is the backbone of India, with more than 60 per cent of the population relies on it for their livelihood. Science and technology played major role in increasing agricultural productivity. Among the latest line of technological innovations in the field of agriculture, nanotechnology occupies a distinguished position in remodelling agriculture and food production to fulfil the demands in an efficient and cost effective way. Nanotechnology in the field of agriculture focuses currently on target farming that involves the use of nanoparticles with unique properties to boost crop productivity. The aim of the use of nanomaterials in the field of agriculture is to improve the efficiency and sustainability of agricultural practices by putting less input and generating less waste than conventional products and approaches (Mousavi and Rezaei, 2011). The increased surfaces of nanoparticles are responsible for their different chemical, optical, mechanical, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 12 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Paris lihengiana (Melanthiaceae: Parideae), a new species from Yunnan, China

Paris lihengiana (Melanthiaceae), a new species from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated based on evidence from morphological characters and molecular phylogeny. It differs from other species of Paris in its pubescent stem, pedicel and abaxial leaf surface, as well as other characters. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 33 taxa in Paris was conducted based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and six plastid markers. Paris lihengiana is supported as a new species by both morphological characters and molecular data.
Circulating Monocyte and Lymphocyte Populations in Healthy First-Degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Fasting and during Short-Term Hyperinsulinemia

Aim The development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with disturbances of immune status that may be reflected by alterations of the profile of circulating immune cells. In order to study whether there exists genetic predisposition to these alterations, we investigated the relative content of circulating monocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations at fasting condition and upon stimulation by short-term hyperinsulinemia in nondiabetic first-degree relatives (FDR) of T2DM patients and in control subjects. Materials and Methods 19 nondiabetic (FDR) and 19 control subjects without a family history of diabetes (all men) matched for age and BMI underwent 2-hour hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Blood samples taken before and at the end of the clamp were used for the flow cytometry analysis of lymphocyte and monocyte populations and for the assessment of cytokine levels. Results At fasting conditions, FDR showed a higher CD4/CD8 ratio of peripheral lymphocytes, a higher percentage of Th17 lymphocytes, and a lower content of intermediate monocytes when compared to controls. The CD4/CD8 ratio correlated with fat mass, insulin, and HOMA-IR in the entire group of subjects. Hyperinsulinemia decreased a relative content of peripheral CD4+ and increased a relative content of CD8+ T lymphocytes, thus decreasing the CD4/CD8 ratio by 18-22% in both groups of subjects. In FDR but not in controls, the decrease of CD4+ T lymphocyte content was partially based on the decrease of TH2 and TH17 lymphocyte subpopulations. In control subjects but not in FDR, the number of intermediate monocytes has declined in response to hyperinsulinemia. Conclusion The alterations of the CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio, relative content of TH17 cells, and intermediate monocytes in FDR are features of genetic predisposition to T2DM and may play a role in pathogenesis of T2DM. Short-term hyperinsulinemia affected mostly the immune cell populations deregulated in FDR subjects, which suggests important interplay between immune system homeostasis and insulin levels.
Adaptation to drought is coupled with slow growth in marginal silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) populations

Drought is increasingly considered as the most important selection pressure for forest trees in the context of climate change. We studied adaptation to drought in marginal populations of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) from the French Mediterranean Alps. Drought tolerance was assessed using proxies both from seedlings and adult trees. We measured water stress response, growth and bud break of seedlings originating from 16 populations in a greenhouse common garden experiment (N=8199) and water use efficiency via δ13C of adult trees of the source populations in-situ (N=315). Further, 357 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to uncover the demographic history of the populations. Demographic distances between populations were used to generate a null expectation for trait divergence, thereby detect the signature of natural selection. We found evidence for adaptive population divergence in drought tolerance across life stages. Seedlings originating from source populations with low soil water capacity resisted better to water stress in the greenhouse, and additionally, adult trees from these populations had a higher water use efficiency. Seedling growth showed an evolutionary trade-off with drought tolerance: seedlings with fast growth and high stature came from populations that had lower drought tolerance. In contrast, population divergence in bud break showed only a weak signal of adaptation, which was independent of that in drought tolerance. Variation in phenology between populations was associated with variance in temperature and drought frequency and severity at the source populations. Our results highlight the adaptive value of marginal populations, advance our understanding of the different processes that have allowed silver fir to cope with drought stress under a warming climate, and contribute to our knowledge to advise assisted migration programs.
An empirical study on the relationship among IT capabilities, business process and firm's performance

This study investigates the influencing mechanism between IT capabilities and firm’s performance. We believe that business process is the principal factor and suggest that IT capabilities improve business process and subsequently enhance firm’s performance. The study of the underlying factors among IT capabilities, business performance, and firm’s performance is considered rare and although some researchers have introduced conceptual models and empirical tests, they are not able to support the cumulative model. It is found out that IT capabilities have a significant and positive relationship to firm’s performance. Besides, business process reengineering and process efficiency contribute more to this relationship by mediating effect. This study will benefit business researchers, strategic researchers and managers in various industries because this will contribute to a better understanding of IT capabilities, business process, and firm’s performance to a greater extent and provide fundamentals for strategic decisions in IT investments of a firm.
Can novel pest outbreaks drive ecosystem transitions in northern‐boreal birch forest?

The boreal biome exhibits distinct alternative ecosystem states with high and low levels of tree cover. Insect outbreaks facilitated by climate warming could potentially drive transitions from high to low tree cover states. We investigated whether two key premises for such outbreak‐induced transitions—critical thresholds (tipping points) and positive feedbacks that could maintain alternative states—are present in the northern‐boreal mountain birch forest of Fennoscandia. Here, climate warming has promoted range expansions of defoliating geometrid moths, resulting in novel, severe multispecies outbreaks, most recently during 2002–2010. We conducted regional‐scale field surveys of forest damage and recovery in 280 mountain birch stands in a northeast Norway immediately after the outbreak (2010) and 6 years later (2016). Satellite‐derived time series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provided an index of stand defoliation during the outbreak period. The proportion of dead stems per stand displayed a bimodal distribution, with stands generally being either lightly or severely damaged. This was due to a critical threshold in the relationship between defoliation and stem mortality, with mortality rates increasing abruptly in stands experiencing a mean drop in NDVI of more than 4% during the outbreak. The two key forest regenerative pathways—basal sprouting and sapling production—both displayed positive feedbacks with surviving stems and trees, so that regeneration success declined with increasing damage to the mature tree layer. These feedbacks imply that stands which have been forced across critical defoliation thresholds and suffered collapses of living tree cover may struggle to recover, especially if the loss of positive regenerative feedbacks is compounded by ungulate browsing on birch recruits. Synthesis. The north Fennoscandian mountain birch forest displays critical thresholds and positive feedbacks that conform to theoretical expectations for a system that could be vulnerable to abrupt and persistent changes of state in the face of novel, climatically facilitated insect outbreaks. These findings deepen the understanding of the persistent losses of tree cover that have occasionally been observed after outbreaks in this system in the past, and add to the list of mechanisms that could help explain the bistability of tree cover across the boreal biome.
Crisis Management and Communication Experience in Education during the COVID – 19 Pandemic in Indonesia

The focus of this research is crisis management in the education sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was done following an atmosphere of crisis in the field of education that encouraged the Indonesian government to issue policies in the form of the Study from Home (SfH) crisis programme. The object being analysed is related to the application of crisis management and the communication experience of students during the programme. The purpose of this study is to describe the opinions of students during the crisis programme. The study was conducted in the city of Bandung by involving lecturers and students. The methodology used is a qualitative approach to phenomenological studies. Data collection was conducted through online interviews and literature studies. The study found that the government established SfH as an emergency learning programme during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of SfH was through online learning using various chat and video conference applications. There were two weaknesses of online learning namely technical and communication weaknesses. Technical weakness is influenced by geographical factors, internet networks, and internet costs. While communication weaknesses include slow adaptation, learning media are not optimal, and an interactive atmosphere has not been developed, and there is no atmosphere of empathy. This situation results in lecturers not being able to manage the learning effectively. Studying online during SfH should be able to build collaboration classes to be able to foster motivation and interest in student learning. Collaboration classes are realised when lecturers and students try to improve communication competencies. Keywords : COVID-19, crisis management, communication experience, online learning, study from home.
Remittances and subjective well-being: A static and dynamic panel approach to single-item and multi-item measures of happiness

Using all five waves of the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) panel dataset, we examine the effect of domestic remittances on the static and dynamic subjective well-being (SWB) of recipient individuals in South Africa, by using a random effects ordered probit model that accounts for individual heterogeneity. Moreover, we check the robustness of our static model results by making use of an instrumental variable for migrantsâ€™ remittances. Two major empirical findings emerge from this paper: firstly, domestic remittances are consistently found to have a positive and statistically significant impact on the happiness of recipient individuals. Moreover, this finding persists in both the static and dynamic panel models. Secondly, the coefficient on lagged SWB (derived from the dynamic model) is found to be positive and statistically significant, confirming that SWB today is significantly influenced by SWB in the past.
Academic Attitudes toward the Role of Social Media in Shaping Electronic Public Opinion about Crises An applied Study on (Corona Virus Crisis)

Social media represent one of the modern communication technologies that contribute to expressing public opinion trends towards various events and crises, such as the new COVID-19, which is characterized by its ability to influence the community’s life We formulated the questions on the attitudes of the academies towards the role of social media sites in forming electronic public opinion through distributing a questionnaire to (148) faculty members at various colleges It is shown that Facebook ranked first with a percentage of (43 2%), because the participants find it the easiest way to express and share their opinions with their friends and followers Instagram, which is used to know the latest news and share photos, ranked second followed by Snapchat, YouTube, and Twitter Moreover, they used social media sites three hours a day, which is an indication of their importance Furthermore, expressing their feelings towards the crisis of COVID-19 outbreak ranked first with a percentage of (78 %) The most important communication benefits were achieved when the academies used social networking sites to post information on their profiles with precautionary and preventive measures This asserts the important role the academies play in raising awareness throughout crises © 2020 NSP Natural Sciences Publishing Cor
CARBON STORAGE POTENTIAL OF NATURAL AND PLANTED MANGALS IN TRANG, THAILAND

This study aims to investigate the carbon storage potential for 25 year-old (planted) and >50 year-old (natural) mangrove stands and mangrove sediment, in three districts of Trang province, Thailand. The results show a lower carbon content in the aboveground biomass of 10-25-year-old (planted) stands than in the >50-year old (natural) stands. However, we found more organic carbon in sediments in planted sites than in natural sites, which could be partly due to the higher tree densities in the former. The derived organic carbon in particulate matter was lower in the planted forest than in the natural forest, which could be due to allochthonous inputs of organic matter from rivers and creeks, and to a higher number of species in the natural forests. This study demonstrated that the amount of carbon stored in mangroves increases with age, but the amount of carbon stored in mangrove soils could vary with mangrove density, sediment size, allochthonous inputs, and inundation. This study suggested that planted and natural mangrove forests can capture and store a substantial amount of carbon. Such information could motivate policymakers and local communities to conserve the last remaining mangrove forests, rehabilitate degraded ones, and replant abandoned fish and shrimp ponds.
Private and Public IPR Protection in a Vertically Differentiated Software Duopoly

We study the interaction between public and private intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in a duopoly in which software developers offer a product variety of differing quality and compete for heterogeneous users, who have an option to buy a legal version, possibly use an illegal copy, or not buy a product at all. Illegal usage implies violation of IPR and is punishable. A developer may use private IPR protection for his software if the level of piracy is high. An important intermediate step in our analysis addresses firms’ pricing strategies and the analysis of the impact of both private and public IPR protection on these strategies (with monopoly serving as a benchmark case). Last but not least, we make some comparisons with an analogous model based on horizontal product differentiation.