Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systemic Risk and Financial Development in a Monetary Model

In a stochastic pure endowment economy with money but no financial markets, two types of agents trade one non-durable good using two alternative types of cash constraints. Simulations of the corresponding variants are compared to Arrow-Debreu and Autarky equilibriums. First, this illustrates how financial innovation or financial regression, including systemic risk, may arise in a neo-classical model with rational expectations and may or may not be countered. Second, the price and money partition dynamics that the two variants generate absent any macroeconomic shock, exhibit jumps as well as fat-tails and vary depending on the discount rate. JEL Classification: E44
Cultivating Attachment: The Associations Among Past Television Exposure, Transportability, Self-Efficacy, and Attachment

ABSTRACT Using cultivation and attachment theories as the theoretical frameworks, this study examined two potential mediators in the associations between past television exposure and adult romantic attachment: romantic self-efficacy and transportability. The resulting analyses shed light on how television exposure during childhood and adolescence may have long-term impacts on adult attachment dimensions (i.e., attachment anxiety and avoidance). Findings indicate higher past overall and genre-specific television exposure directly and indirectly promotes higher attachment anxiety above the influence of parent and peer attachment; however, the direct and indirect relationships between past overall and genre-specific television exposure and attachment avoidance are more complex. These patterns of findings contribute to the body of literature on both attachment theory and cultivation analysis.
Testing Independence of Covariates and Errors in Non‐parametric Regression

Consider a non‐parametric regression model Y=m(X)+ϵ, where m is an unknown regression function, Y is a real‐valued response variable, X is a real covariate, and ϵ is the error term. In this article, we extend the usual tests for homoscedasticity by developing consistent tests for independence between X and ϵ. Further, we investigate the local power of the proposed tests using Le Cam's contiguous alternatives. An asymptotic power study under local alternatives along with extensive finite sample simulation study shows that the performance of the new tests is competitive with existing ones. Furthermore, the practicality of the new tests is shown using two real data sets.
Sleep and Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): Correlation With Psychopathology, Gender, and Academic Performance

Objective No studies have investigated sleep disturbance in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). We examined sleep disturbance in ARFID and its association with eating problems, body mass index (BMI), gender, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, cognitive performance, and academic difficulties. Methods Data from 71 ARFID patients from our partial hospitalization program (PHP) for children and adolescents were examined. Sleep data were extracted from measures administered at admission including Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS). Correlational analyses were conducted to evaluate the convergent validity of parent-reported and participant-reported sleep problems. Association with the severity of eating problems, BMI, percentage of median body weight (% MBW), age, gender, psychotropic medication, psychopathology, and academic difficulties was examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation. Results Fifty-two percent of parents and 74% of participants reported two or more sleep symptoms. Trouble sleeping was reported by 46.48% and nightmares by 35.21% of parents. Parent-reported trouble sleeping highly correlated with internalizing disorders. Parent-reported trouble sleeping and participant-reported difficulty sleeping positively correlated with attention and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) problems. Parent-reported less sleep and feeling tired correlated with sluggish cognitive tempo, while walking/talking in sleep negatively correlated with school performance. Gender differences were noted in parent-reported sleep problems. Sleep disturbances were not associated with lower BMI or median body weight at intake. Parent-reported talking/walking in sleep and participant-reported bad dreams and bedtime worries positively correlated with Children's Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT) scores at intake and discharge. Discussion Our results provide compelling evidence to screen for sleep disturbance in ARFID patients regardless of median body weight and BMI. Exploration of sleep disturbances in ARFID using objective measures is warranted.
1 Topic : CT / P-04 Multi-Machine Global Confinement and H-mode Threshold Analysis

The ITPA Confinement and H-mode Threshold Databases have been used to analyze energy confinement at high density and the dependencies of the H-mode threshold power on aspect ratio (R/a = 1/ε), edge safety factor, and plasma effective charge (Zeff). High density data from ASDEX-Upgrade, DIII-D, and JET indicate that with peaked density profiles it is possible to maintain good global energy confinement (H98y2 ~ 1) up to and beyond the Greenwald density limit even though the loss power ( ) does not exceed the H-mode threshold power scaling. The new low aspect ratio MAST data in the threshold database permits initial regressions to be made including the aspect ratio. The inverse aspect ratio dependence of the threshold power cannot be determined with the present dataset due to inconsistencies in the threshold between low inverse aspect ratio devices (ASDEX, PBX-M) and MAST. New scalings for the threshold power have been produced, which yield similar values as previous scalings for the predicted threshold power in ITER. There is an increase in the H-mode threshold at low q dW/dt P P P abs aux OH L + = 95 < 3 found in ASDEX-Upgrade, COMPASS, DIII-D, JFT-2M, JT-60U, TCV, and TUMAN-3M. The strong increase in the threshold power at low density is also correlated with increased Zeff.
Pre-supplementation of Crocus sativus Linn (saffron) attenuates inflammatory and lipid peroxidation markers induced by intensive exercise in sedentary women

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of Crocus sativus Linn (saffron) in relation to intensive exercise need to be studied. This study aimed to investigate the effect of four weeks of saffron supplementation on serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), as a marker of inflammation, malondialdehyde (MDA), as a marker of lipid peroxidation, and levels of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK), as two markers of muscle damage, in sedentary women following intensive exercise. After a 4-week period of supplementation (30 mg/day), the healthy inactive young women performed one bout of acute resistance exercises at 85 % of one-repetition maximum. Using commercial kits, TNF-α and MDA levels were measured using ELISA method. In addition, LDH and CK were measured by photometric method. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA (P<0.05). Our finding showed a significant increases in serum LDH (P=0.015), CK (P=0.001), TNF-a (P=0.001) and MDA (P=0.001) levels following one bout of resistance exercise. However, saffron supplementation prevent from increases in LDH (P=0.999), CK (P=0.935), TNF-a (P=0.898) and MDA (P=0.617) levels induced by one bout of resistance exercise. Although, intensive resistance exercise increases muscle damage enzymes, inflammatory and lipid peroxidation markers, however, pre-supplementation of saffron returns these markers to baseline levels. Therefore, it can be concluded that saffron supplementation acts as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation agent, making it advisable to athletes and coaches involved in intensive resistance exercises.
Stability Assessment of Earth Retaining Structures under Static and Seismic Conditions

An accurate estimation of static and seismic earth pressures is extremely important in geotechnical design. The conventional Coulomb’s approach and Mononobe-Okabe’s approach have been widely used in engineering practice. However, the latter approach provides the linear distribution of seismic earth pressure behind a retaining wall in an approximate way. Therefore, the pseudo-dynamic method can be used to compute the distribution of seismic active earth pressure in a more realistic manner. The effect of wall and soil inertia must be considered for the design of a retaining wall under seismic conditions. The method proposed considers the propagation of shear and primary waves through the backfill soil and the retaining wall due to seismic excitation. The crude estimate of finding the approximate seismic acceleration makes the pseudo-static approach often unreliable to adopt in the stability assessment of retaining walls. The predictions of the active earth pressure using Coulomb theory are not consistent with the laboratory results to the development of arching in the backfill soil. A new method is proposed to compute the active earth pressure acting on the backface of a rigid retaining wall undergoing horizontal translation. The predictions of the proposed method are verified against results of laboratory tests as well as the results from other methods proposed in the past.
Photon scattering in the solar ultraviolet lines of He i and He ii

Observations made with the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) are used to investigate the behaviour of the intensities of the emission lines of He I, He II and O III at the quiet Sun-centre and at 0 = 60° towards the equatorial limb. The aim is to examine the possible effects of photon scattering on the spatial variation of the optically thick helium lines. At the quiet Sun-centre, we find that, in agreement with previous work, the ratios of the intensities of the He I 584-A and He II 304-A lines to those of the O III 600-A line decrease systematically as the intensity of the O III line increases. However, we find that the dependence of these ratios on the O III intensity is not unique, but differs between the individual regions studied. Similar results are found at θ = 60°. We have also used line intensities and intensity ratios to investigate limb-to-disc effects and variations across a sample of supergranulation cell boundaries and adjacent cell interiors at both locations. The results do not exclude photon scattering as the cause of the larger observed ratios in cell interiors. The differences between the apparent widths of boundaries in O III at Sun-centre and 60° show that the emitting material is extended in height, which will aid the process of scattering into cell interiors. Photon scattering could also account for the lack of oscillations in the He i intensities in a cell interior studied by Pietarila & Judge. Three-dimensional radiative transfer calculations in chosen geometries are now needed to account for the observations in detail.
Plantation type and afforestation age disclose variable influences on soil microbial compositions in man‐made forests in the Xiong'an New Area, China

While afforestation helps mitigate climate concerns, the impact of plantation type and afforestation age on soil microbial compositions in afforested areas remains unclear. The current study utilized high‐throughput deep sequencing to investigate the effect of afforestation ages (3 months, 1 year and 6 months, and 15 years) and two different tree species (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. and Sophora japonica L.) on soil microbiomes and edaphic conditions in afforested plots in the Xiong'an New Area, where soil experienced considerable disturbance by human activities during land preparation. Partial least squares path modelling showed that the afforestation age negatively influenced edaphic conditions. The results of fungal and bacterial biomass showed that bacterial lineages were replaced by fungal lineages as the afforestation age increased. Values of different soil particle sizes were impacted by increased stand ages. PERMANOVA results indicated that the plantation type could significantly explain 35.91% (p = 0.0065) and 23.84% (p = 0.009) of the bacterial and fungal β‐diversity variations, respectively. In contrast, the afforestation age could explain 35.46% (p = 0.017) of the fungal β‐diversity variation significantly. Additionally, our data showed that the co‐occurrence network for P. tabulaeformis plots was more complex than that for S. japonica plots, and network complexity increased with the afforestation age. The above results indicated that plantation type and afforestation age disclose variable influence on soil microbial compositions in man‐made forests in the Xiong'an New Area, China, which provide a basis for subsequent broader framework afforestation programs.
Effects of Business-Group Affiliation Overseas Investment and Technology on Firm-level Export Intensity: Evidence from Indian Automotive Component Industry

Based upon a sample of 78 firms operating in Indian automotive component industry for the period 2000–2018, this research empirically examines the role of business-group affiliation, overseas investment and technology in determining exports. It applies panel Tobit and Probit model estimated with the maximum likelihood estimator. This research finds that technology imports, firm’s age, overseas investment and affiliation to a business group significantly affect industry’s export performance. However, some variables, such as past R&D intensity, firm’s size and companies with overseas investment and being part of a group have been found to have had a detrimental effect. All these results show that being outward-oriented in terms of overseas investment and being affiliated with a business group makes a significant difference concerning export success.
Features of K-Changes Observed in Sri Lanka in the Tropics

General characteristics of K-changes, including their duration and probability of occurrence associated with ground flashes in Sri Lanka in the tropics, together with their fine structure, are presented. In 98 ground flashes where the small step changes associated with K-changes are clearly visible, there were about two K-changes per flash on average. The mean K-change time duration observed in this study is 0.38 ms. In 53 of the ground flashes, there were 120 consecutive K-changes. In these cases, the geometric mean of the time interval between K-changes was 12 ms. Analysis of the fine structure of the K-changes reveals the K-changes are always associated with either a chaotic pulse train or a combination of chaotic and regular pulse trains. The results suggest that the small step-like static electric fields identified in the literature as K-changes are the step-like static fields associated with the processes that generate chaotic or a combination of chaotic and regular pulse trains. Thus, at larger distances where the static fields are negligible, K-changes may appear as a chaotic pulse train or a combination of chaotic and regular pulse trains.
On Equations of State for Simulations of Multiphase Flows

An efficient Eulerian numerical method is considered for simulating multiphase flows governed by general equation of state (EOS). The method allows interfaces between phases to diffuse in a transitional region over a small number of computational cells. The seven-equation model of Saurel and Abgrall [Saurel, R. and Abgrall, R. , A multiphase Godunov method for compressible multifluid and multiphase flows, J. Comput. Phys. 150 (1999), 425 467] is employed to describe the compressible multiphase flows. For one dimensional flow the model which is strictly hyperbolic consists of seven equations. These equations are the volume fraction evolution equation and the conservation equations (mass, momentum and energy) for each phase. The solution of the hyperbolic equations is obtained using HLL Riemann solver. In the present work various equations of state (EOSs) have been discussed. Error analysis, number of time steps and CPU time comparisons between EOSs have been presented. Well known test cases are examined to simulate compressible as well as incompressible multiphase flows.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TIME MEAN VELOCITY AND TEMPERATURE FIELDS FOR A FULLY DEVELOPED TURBULENT FLOW IN AN ASYMMETRICALLY HEATED SQUARE DUCT WITH RIBBED ROUGH BOTTOM WALL

This paper presents experimental results concerning time mean velocity and temperature fields obtained for a fully developed turbulent flow through an asymmetrically heated square duct with bottom wall ribbed rough at constant heat flux boundary condition for different Reynolds number. The air temperature decreases at a decreases rate from the heated wall towards the centre of the duct and beyond that the temperatures remain nearly constant i.e., approximately, equal to that of inlet temperature, indicating that the heat transfer becomes almost saturated and the top half of the duct behaves as a flat plate. The plots of Θ/Θc versus u/uc fall on straight lines very close to each other. This demonstrates that Θ/Θc, correlates highly with u/uc, suggesting the perfect similarity between the temperature and the velocity fields. The semi logarithmic plots of mean velocity and temperature show that they lay on a straight line indicating that the present experimental values obey the universal velocity and temperature distribution laws in the lower half of the duct cross-section near the heated bottom ribbed rough wall. The compact empirical correlations for universal velocity and temperature distributions for fully developed flow are obtained can be used for improved design of the heat transfer equipment for engineering applications.
The chemistry, reflectance, and cell size of the erlichmanite (OsS2)-laurite (RuS2) series

Abstract Microprobe analyses of members of the erlichmanite-laurite series from Guma Water and Senduma, Sierra Leone and Tanah Laut, Borneo, indicate that complete solid solution is possible between OsS2 and RuS2 with considerable substitution of Os and Ru by Ir, Rh, and Pt. The cell size of the erlichmanite from Guma Water is a = 5.6183±0.0003 Å at a composition (Os0.61Ru0.30Ir0.06Rh0.03)Σ0. 93S2 whilst the laurite from Senduma has a composition of (Ru0.88Os0.05Ir0.04 Rh0.03)Σ0. 93S2 and a cell size of a = 5.6089±0.0005 Å. Substitution of Os for Ru provides the predominant cause of the variation of cell size. Substitution by other elements of the platinum group appears to produce little effect on cell size and is presumably controlled by genesis rather than considerations of crystal chemistry or structure. The recorded analyses for these elements indicate a pre-dominance of Ir over Rh for members of the series containing more than about 15% of the laurite molecule. For the remainder of the series Rh is more important than Ir. The reflectance in air and oil of the members of the series from Sierra Leone and Borneo are presented and the microhardness of the erlichmanite from Guma Water shown to be 1854 kg/mm2. This is the first report of laurite from Senduma, Sierra Leone.
Hemicellulose Removal in Curaua (Ananas erectifolius) Fibers for Polyester Composites

Introduction: Alkaline treatments extract hemicellulose from the fibers, which can be reused in the manufacture of other materials, and the cellulosic portion can be applied as reinforcement in a composite. This way, all components of the fibers are utilized.Method: In this work, curaua fibers (Ananas erectifolius) were treated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) to solubilize part of the hemicellulose and lignin, and the cellulose-rich fibers were used to manufacture composites with unsaturated polyester, which were characterized to investigate the effect of the treatment on their properties.Results: The alkaline treatment removed large portions of hemicellulose and significantly degraded the crystalline cellulose and lignin, resulting in a small increase (2.4%) in overall crystallinity and with a negative impact on their thermal stability. SEM images showed defibrillation of the treated fiber and fibril separation, increasing roughness and surface contact area.Conclusions: In all, although the alkaline treatment substantially modified the fibers and no significant changes were observed in the mechanical properties of the composite, the total removal of hemicellulose was found to affect the integrity of cellulose fibers making harder their application as reinforcement. However, the higher cellulose content could be useful for other applications.
Sanctuary schematics and temple ideology in the Hebrew Bible and Dead Sea Scrolls: The import of Numbers

The temple schematics in the Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS), that is, New Jerusalem and Temple Scroll, has often been comparatively examined with the sanctuary structures in the Hebrew Bible (HB) (Ezk 40–48 and Num 2). Typically, in scholarship, the irreconcilable differences between all accounts (regarding the size, shape, name-gate ordering, etc.) is underscored, thus rendering a literary conundrum. This article argues that New Jerusalem and Temple Scroll drew from both Ezekiel 40–48 and Numbers 2 in different ways, purporting the sect(s)’s theologies and ideologies which accords, further, with the life setting of the Qumran communities; the influence of Numbers in the DSS is underscored. These aspects include (1) the eastern orientation of sacred structures and the compound at Khirbet Qumran, (2) the precise locale of the communities at the Dead Sea vis-à-vis Ezekiel 47 and (3) the desert encampment configuration together with its militaristic overtones in Numbers, which corresponds to the DSS sect(s)’s apocalyptic expectations as indicated in the War Scroll. Consequently, the Qumran sect(s) truly saw itself as an alternative priesthood of the forthcoming restored temple of God, even as in the interim they functioned as an alternative sanctuary (4QFlor; 4QMMT; 1QS). The import of Numbers upon the DSS sect(s)’s temple ideologies and priestly theologies is, therefore, equivalent to that of Ezekiel.Contribution: This article traces theological themes of temple and priestly ideologies between and among the Qumran literature and Hebrew Scriptures; both the respective library or canon and methodological approach are core to the historical thought’s aim and scope of HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies.