Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deprewriter: On the fly rewriting method deprecations

Deprecations are a common way to indicate that a given feature or API will not be available in subsequent versions of a library or framework. While raising deprecation warnings lets developers of libraries evolve their APIs, the developers of client applications often have to manually rewrite their applications to adapt to the deprecation (removal, new APIs. . . ). Some may use static analysis tools to support the rewriting. However, dynamically-typed languages or the use of reﬂective features often produce incorrect rewrite candidates. This is a costly activity that can lead to bug introductions. In this article, we present a method deprecation approach and a tool called D EPREWRITER that can automatically rewrite the callers of deprecated methods during program execution. Clients of a deprecated API execute their program and associated tests, and D EPREWRITER dynamically rewrites the source code of methods that called a deprecated API to use the new API. The implementation of D EPREWRITER is based on dynamic program transformation: when a deprecated method is executed , a program transformation engine rewrites and recompiles the caller’s code before continuing the execution. The approach presented in this article has been developed by the Pharo consortium. Since 2016, D EPREWRITER is used in production in multiple distributions of the Pharo programming language: Pharo 6, 7, 8, and 9 alpha. This article presents and validates this approach. The validation is done in two steps: ﬁrst with an analysis of deprecations available in Pharo 8 and second with an open survey of software developers about D EPREWRITER . We studied 367 Pharo 8 deprecations, among which we analyzed the 218 rewriting deprecations that use transformation rules. We identiﬁed the validity conditions and reported defects to the community. We also proposed 33 transformation rules to be added to the non-rewriting deprecations. Both contributions were accepted into Pharo 9 alpha. We classiﬁed the rules and identiﬁed possible points of improvement. In addition, we performed a user survey and collected information from 46 software developers: some of them used existing D EPREWRITER ’ rules and executed them on their code, others used D EPREWRITER to create rewriting deprecations, and ﬁnally, some were not aware of D EPREWRITER . 28 of 46 developers (60%) reported that the rewriting deprecations helped them, while 10 stated the inverse and 8 were uncertain. After discussing the current implementation, we sketch possible implementations for other languages than Pharo, showing that the approach is general enough to be applied to other languages.
Somatostatin Receptor 2 Expression Profiles and Their Correlation with the Efficacy of Somatostatin Analogues in Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors

Simple Summary Immunolocalization of somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) could predict the therapeutic efficacy of somatostatin analogues (SSAs) in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Therefore, in this study, we evaluated SSTR2 immunoreactivity and elucidated its correlation with clinicopathological variables, including the therapeutic response to SSAs in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) using digital image analysis (DIA) and other established methods of evaluation. SSTR2 immunoreactivity in foregut NETs was significantly higher than that in hindgut NETs. SSTR2 immunoreactivity was significantly negatively correlated with the Ki-67 labeling index in foregut NETs but positively correlated in hindgut NETs. Therefore, the significance of SSTR2 immunoreactivity in GI-NETs is considered to be different according to the primary sites. We also first demonstrated that DIA could provide a good alternative for predicting response to SSAs in evaluating SSTR2 immunoreactivity of GI-NETs. Abstract Somatostatin analogues (SSAs) are widely used to treat gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) immunoreactivity serves as a predictive marker of the therapeutic efficacy of SSAs in pancreatic NETs. However, SSTR2 expression profiles in tumor cells and their association with the therapeutic efficacy of SSAs remains virtually unknown in gastrointestinal NETs (GI-NETs). Therefore, we evaluated the association between SSTR2 immunoreactivity and embryological origin and proliferative activity in 132 resected surgical tissues of GI-NETs. The correlation between SSAs’ therapeutic efficacy and SSTR2 immunoreactivity was evaluated in 14 GI-NETs treated with SSAs. SSTR2 immunoreactivity was evaluated using Volante scores, immunoreactive scores, and digital image analysis (DIA). SSTR2 immunoreactivity was significantly negatively and positively correlated with the Ki-67 labeling index in foregut and hindgut NETs, respectively. In the normal mucosa, neuroendocrine cells in the rectum had significantly lower positive rates of SSTR2 than those in the stomach and duodenum. SSTR2 expression profiles in GI-NETs could differ by primary sites, while the difference of those between foregut and hindgut NETs might be derived from the SSTR2 status of normal neuroendocrine cell counterparts. In addition, DIA could provide a good alternative for predicting response to SSAs in evaluating SSTR2 immunoreactivity of GI-NETs.
Best of Intentions: Influential Factors in Infant Feeding Intent among Marshallese Pregnant Women

The purpose of this study is to explore the beliefs, intentions, and influences that serve as barriers and facilitators to exclusive breastfeeding intent among Marshallese pregnant women in the United States (US). The study used a descriptive qualitative design. In total, 36 Marshallese women in their third trimester of pregnancy participated. Participants described exclusive breastfeeding as the preferred method of infant feeding, from both individual and community perspectives. Exclusive breastfeeding was viewed as the healthiest for the infant, viewed as offering protection against sickness, and viewed as better for the overall development of the infant. Of the 36 participants, 28 participants (77.8%) stated that their infant feeding intentions included a hybrid of breastfeeding and formula feeding. The dominant barrier to exclusive breastfeeding was the need to work outside of the home. Unexpected barriers to exclusive breastfeeding were the desire for autonomy and a preference to exclusively breastfeed female infants more than male infants. Exclusive breastfeeding facilitators included support from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children and support and encouragement from female family/community members. This study is the first to document beliefs, intentions, and influences that serve as barriers and facilitators to exclusive breastfeeding among Marshallese pregnant women residing in the US.
Relationship between Educational Philosophy and Teaching Styles of Nursing Educators

Background: Educational philosophies and teaching styles are two aspects of adult learning that influence the teaching-learning transaction in colleges and universities. The educational philosophy can inform the educator with strategies and methods for implementing adult learning principles. The study of teaching style is important because it assists educators in designing a positive learning experience for students. Objective: This study aims to identify the relationship between the educational philosophies and teaching styles among nursing educators at El-Minia Faculty of Nursing. Setting: The study was carried out at at El-Minia Faculty of Nursing. Subjects: The study subjects included a total number of 70 nursing educators. Tools : Tools used in the study were the Educational philosophy and Teaching style questionnaires. Results: The study results indicated that the dominant educational philosophies among educators were humanistic and radical education philosophy. Also, the dominant teaching styles were expert and facilitator. Recommendations: It was recommended to conduct a study to investigate the quality of nursing education services provided at the national level and compare the results to student achievement, teaching style, or educational philosophy.
Influence of Nitrogen Dose and Application Method On Growth and Yield of Baby Corn

The experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University during Rabi season of 2019-20 to find out the influence of nitrogen management on cob yield of baby corn. The experiment was laid out in a Split-plot design having 3 replications where four nitrogen dose viz., i) 0 kg N ha-1 (N1), ii) 100 kg N ha-1 (N2), iii) 150 kg N ha-1 (N3) and ii) 200 kg N ha-1 (N4) in the main plot and three nitrogenous fertilizer application method viz., i) Basal (M1), ii) side dressing at 30 DAS (M2) and iii) 50% basal + 50% side dressing at 30 DAS (M3) in the sub-plot. Almost all the studied parameters were found statistically significant. The higher plant height, dry matter plant-1, number of cobs plant-1, fresh weight cob-1, husk weight cob-1 and cob yield were observed in application of 200 kg Nha-1. Basal application of nitrogen fertilizer gave the highest cob weight and husk weight. Basal application of 200 kg N ha-1 showed the highest plant height (177.80 cm), cobs plant-1 (2.91), cob length (9.94 cm), fresh cob weight (61.05 g), de-husked cob weight (11.74 g) and husk fresh weight (49.30 g) but the highest number of cobs ha-1 (218497) from N2M3 (100 kg Nha-1 applied 50% as basal dose and 50% at 30 DAS) and highest cob yield (7732.41 kg ha-1) from N4M2 (application of 200 kg Nha-1 at 30 DAS). Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(2): 83-90
Effect of location and fertilization on fruit yield and quality of some tomato cultivars

Two open field experiments were performed during the two successive summer seasons of 2013and 2014 at ElBosily,El-Behaira government and El-Fayuom, to investigate the growth and productivity of two tomato cultivars under different climatic conditions and different levels of NPK fertilizers. The experimental treatments were arranged by applying the split split plot design where, location treatments were arranged in the main plots, tomato cultivars treatments were arranged in the sub plots and fertilizer levels were arranged in the sub sub plots. Cultivated the tomato plants cv. Super Strain B in El Fayoum location combined with using 100% level from the recommended N.P.K doses exhibited the highest values of all fruit yield characteristics expressed as number of fruits/plant, fruit yield/ plant, total fruit yield/ fed. , fruit/weight, length, diameter, shape and fruit set% compared with the other interaction treatments during the two seasons. On the other hand, using cv. Castel Rock and 80% from the recommended dose treatments in El Behaira location gave the lowest values. Meanwhile, cultivating the tomato plants in El Behaira by using cv. Super Strain B and 120 % from the recommended NPK doses exhibited the highest values of all of chemical fruit quality of tomato plant (Nitrogen%, Phosphorus%, Potassium%, total carbohydrates, T.S. S and total acidity, compared with the other interaction treatments during the two seasons. On the contrary, using Cv. Castle Rock and 80% from the recommended NPK dose in El Fayoum location gave the lowest values.
EVALUATION OF YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS OF FOURTEEN CULTIVARS AND PROMISING LINES OF EGYPTIAN COTTON

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the lint cotton yield and the quality characteristics of some Egyptian cotton commercial varieties and promising lines in the advanced strain test (Trial B) during a period of five years, from 2006 to 2010 seasons. Fourteen cotton genotypes representing the two Egyptian cotton categories: extra-long staple (ELS) and long staple (LS) were evaluated for lint cotton yield, micronaire value, fiber length, fiber strength and yarn strength. There were wide ranges and symmetric distributions for most of these traits. Analysis of variance depicted considerable mean squares for cotton yield and fiber quality traits due to cotton genotypes, years and cotton genotype × year interaction. The promising lines derived from the hybrids G.84 × (G.70 × G.51B) × S62 and 10229 × G.86 achieved the desirable demands of high yield and quality. There were significant correlation coefficients among yield and quality traits; these correlations would be employed as selection criteria for successful cotton breeding. Correlations reveal that any improvement in micronaire (low value), fiber length and fiber strength may decrease cotton yield and increase yarn strength. Development of cotton varieties with improved fiber traits has been very difficult due to the linkage among the genes controlling these traits, which can be avoided using new tools of molecular markers.
Acaricidal and Antioxidant Activities of Anise Oil (Pimpinella anisum) and the Oil’s Effect on Protease and Acetylcholinesterase in the Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch)

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, also known as the red spider, is one of the most harmful pests in agriculture and causes large losses of many crops. These mites have rapidly developed a resistance to many chemical pesticides in recent years. In this study, the essential oil of seeds of the anise plant (Pimpinella anisum) was extracted by hydrodistillation, and the chemical composition of the oil was analyzed. The antioxidant activity of the volatile oil was determined by the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The acaricidal activity of the anise oil, a natural acaricide, was evaluated for its ability to protect green bean plants from mite injury. The two-spotted spiders were spread on green bean seedlings for 1 week; then, different plants were sprayed with different concentrations of anise oil (10, 20, 30, or 40 µL/L). Our results revealed that anethole was the major component of anise oil, at 53.23%. The acaricidal effect of the various concentrations on T. urticae was recorded after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. Our findings suggest that anise oil showed significant acaricidal activity against T. urticae in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Anise oil at a concentration of 40 µL/L killed 96.0% of the red spiders after 72 h. Also, all concentrations of anise oil inhibited acetylcholinesterase, and the spiders’ protease activity declined when the plants were treated with 30 or 40 µL/L of anise oil. The concentrations of 10 and 20 µL/L did not significantly affect the protease activity of T. urticae mites. We can conclude that anise oil exhibited acaricidal activity against T. urticae and that this was highly correlated with the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and protease activities in the mites.
Lag effects in grammar learning: A desirable difficulties perspective

Abstract This paper examined lag effects in the learning of second language (L2) grammar. Moreover, following the Desirable Difficulty Framework for L2 practice, the present study investigated whether lag effects could be explained by other sources of difficulty. Using digital flashcards, 117 English language learners (aged 10–18) learned two grammatical structures over two different sessions at a 1-day or 7-day intersession interval (ISI). Learners’ performance was analyzed at two retention intervals (RIs) of 7 and 28 days, respectively. Linguistic difficulty was compared by examining two different structures, while learner-related difficulty was analyzed by comparing learners who differed in terms of age, proficiency, and time required to complete the training. Results showed no main effect of ISI, a main effect of RI, and a small but significant ISI × RI interaction. Linguistic difficulty and age did not interact with ISI or RI. However, longer lags led to significantly higher scores for faster learners and learners of higher proficiency, while shorter lags promoted significantly higher scores for slower learners and learners of lower proficiency. The findings provide some support for the Desirable Difficulty Framework in its potential to explain L2 lag effects.
Recycled Aggregate Self-Curing Concrete Under Elevated Temperatures

Self-curing concrete is one of the important new types of concrete due to the scarcity of water especially, in the desert areas. Recycling waste demolitions as coarse aggregates for concrete is one of the recent solutions to reduce its bad impact on the environment. In this research, the both types will be combined. This research aims to investigate the behavior of recycled aggregate self-curing concrete under elevated temperatures. The main variables are; aggregate types (recycled vs. natural), elevated temperatures (200 o C, 400 o C, and 600 o C), cooling methods (in the air or by using water), and storage time after cooling (for 1 or 28 days). Results are driven in terms of compressive, splitting tensile, flexure, and bond strengths. Test results showed that the recycled aggregate self-curing concrete could be used under elevated temperature considering a strength loss. The use of self-curing and recycled aggregate self-curing concrete may be considered as an alternative solution to the use of conventional curing concrete for infrastructures. Using crushed ceramics as a coarse aggregate at elevated temperature is efficient. The use of recycled aggregate self-curing concrete may consider as an alternative solution to the use of conventionally cured concrete in infrastructures. Firefighting is not recommended by using water due to its bad effects after cooling.
‘It Brought Life Back to Prison’: Content Analysis of Prison-Based Dog Training Programs in Four Midwestern Prisons

ABSTRACT Recent data suggest that recidivism rates remain dismal within United States correctional systems, with a significant majority of justice-impacted persons experiencing re-arrest following release. As a result, correctional systems across the nation are looking to implement more effective programming to increase positive outcomes both during and after incarceration. One method that has demonstrated rehabilitative impacts both during and following incarceration for inmates – as well as staff and facility benefits – is the use of Prison-Based Dog Training Programs (PBDPs) in carceral settings. Several studies have identified the need for more empirical research on PBDPs, and thus this research assesses the perceived impacts of a non-profit PBDP hosted by four prisons in the midwestern United States. Secondary data analysis of qualitative, subjective survey responses is used to evaluate the impacts of a non-profit, Service Animal Socialization program, as reported by participants (n = 97). In what is a larger sample size for carceral programming, findings suggest myriad perceived benefits and skills that are otherwise difficult to garner in carceral settings. Both perceived facility-wide benefits and personal benefits were reported by participants at all four locations, as were hard- and soft-skill development. Empowerment theory is utilized to interpret the findings.
INFLUENCE OF WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY ON EMPLOYEES’ JOB COMMITMENT: A STUDY OF LAGOS ISLAND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

This study investigated the relationship between workplace spirituality and employees’ job commitment in Lagos Island local government. The study used the descriptive survey research design to select 192 respondents using purposive sampling method. Three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using Pearson Product Moment Correlation with the aid of SPSS version 20. Results indicated a strong and statistically significant relationship between the three components of workplace spirituality (meaningful work, inner life, and sense of connection) and three components of employees’ commitment (affective, continuance and normative commitment). Arising from the findings, it was recommended among other things, that Lagos Island local government management should create forums for open discussion on spirituality, values, and rights of employees, and integrate organizational goals and personal goals to increase employees’ commitment. Also, there is need for Lagos Island local government management to put in place policies and procedures towards spiritual freedom which will assist employees develop their true potential and personality. Finally, Lagos Island local government management should indoctrinate workplace spiritual programmes towards organizational commitment into the workforce. By so doing, this will compel workers to be more loyal and committed, thereby rendering more positive services to the third tier of government.
Perceptions on Non-traditional Models of Fieldwork Supervision

Occupational therapy fieldwork education has historically followed the traditional apprenticeship model, which pairs one student with one fieldwork educator for supervision and guidance through the transformational process from student to entry-level clinician. There is an absence of high-level evidence to support this model as best practice in fieldwork education. Despite data published to endorse alternative supervision models, fieldwork educators (FWEs) appear hesitant to embrace these approaches. The purpose of this investigation was to explore occupational therapy practitioners’ views on the value and challenges associated with the implementation of non-traditional models of supervision during Level II fieldwork education. The study specifically targeted practitioners’ opinions related to the 1:2, 2:1, and group models. A descriptive survey gathered data from 304 participants across the United States. Results indicated that 48% of occupational therapy practitioners have never utilized a nontraditional supervision model. Practitioners identified three primary barriers to usage of non-traditional supervision models in Level II fieldwork education: time commitment, lack of physical resources, and lack of education on the topic. Survey findings revealed that partnering institutions were the primary means by which FWEs received training related to fieldwork supervision. The conclusions from this study highlight the significant need to develop continuing education specific to non-traditional fieldwork supervision models. Practical recommendations are discussed to aid in promoting non-traditional supervision model usage. Collaboration between academic and fieldwork educators is imperative to expanding fieldwork opportunities necessary to ensure best practice in student preparation.