Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Adaptive Parallel Algorithm for Computing Connectivity

We present an efficient distributed memory parallel algorithm for computing connected components in undirected graphs based on Shiloach-Vishkin’s PRAM approach. We discuss multiple optimization techniques that reduce communication volume as well as balance the load to improve the performance of the algorithm in practice. We also note that the efficiency of parallel graph connectivity algorithm depends on the underlying graph topology. Particularly for short diameter graph components, we observe that parallel breadth first search method offers better performance. However, running parallel BFS is not efficient for computing large diameter components or large number of small components. To address this challenge, we employ a heuristic that allows the algorithm to quickly predict the type of the network by computing the degree distribution and follow the optimal hybrid route. Using large graphs with diverse topologies from domains including metagenomics, web crawl, social graph and road networks, we show that our hybrid implementation is efficient and scalable for each of the graph types. Our approach achieves a runtime of 215 seconds using 32K cores of Cray XC30 for a metagenomic graph with over 50 billion edges. When compared against the previous state-of-the-art method, we see performance improvements up to 24x.
Commentary: Effects of dividing attention on memory for declarative and procedural aspects of tool use

Roy and Park (2016) developed the thesis that human tool use is based on a cooperative interaction of declarative and procedural memory systems (Roy and Park, 2010; Roy et al., 2015). This thesis is at odds with recent theoretical and empirical advances. Here, we discuss the validity of this thesis, suggesting that the declarative vs. procedural memory distinction is not suited for understanding the cognitive specificity of human tool use, namely, the ability to reason about physical object properties (Osiurak, 2014).
ERAD and how viruses exploit it

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) is a universally important process among eukaryotic cells. ERAD is necessary to preserve cell integrity since the accumulation of defective proteins results in diseases associated with neurological dysfunction, cancer, and infections. This process involves recognition of misfolded or misassembled proteins that have been translated in association with ER membranes. Recognition of ERAD substrates leads to their extraction through the ER membrane (retrotranslocation or dislocation), ubiquitination, and destruction by cytosolic proteasomes. This review focuses on ERAD and its components as well as how viruses use this process to promote their replication and to avoid the immune response.
Epstein-Barr Virus Entry Utilizing HLA-DP or HLA-DQ as a Coreceptor

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) glycoprotein gp350/gp220 association with cellular CD21 facilitates virion attachment to B lymphocytes. Membrane fusion requires the additional interaction between virion gp42 and cellular HLA-DR. This binding is thought to catalyze membrane fusion through a further association with the gp85-gp25 (gH-gL) complex. Cell lines expressing CD21 but lacking expression of HLA class II molecules are resistant to infection by a recombinant EBV expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein. Surface expression of HLA-DR, HLA-DP, or HLA-DQ confers susceptibility to EBV infection on resistant cells that express CD21. Therefore, HLA-DP or HLA-DQ can substitute for HLA-DR and serve as a coreceptor in EBV entry.
A biomechanical model for the development of myoelectric hand prosthesis control systems

Advanced myoelectric hand prostheses aim to reproduce as much of the human hand's functionality as possible. Development of the control system of such a prosthesis is strongly connected to its mechanical design; the control system requires accurate information on the prosthesis' structure and the surrounding environment, which can make development difficult without a finalized mechanical prototype. This paper presents a new framework for the development of electromyographic hand control systems, consisting of a prosthesis model based on the biomechanical structure of the human hand. The model's dynamic structure uses an ellipsoidal representation of the phalanges. Other features include underactuation in the fingers and thumb modeled with bond graphs, and a viscoelastic contact model. The model's functions are demonstrated by the execution of lateral and tripod grasps, and evaluated with regard to joint dynamics and applied forces. Finally, future work is suggested with which this model can be used in mechanical design and patient training as well.
Does bad news spread faster?

Bad news travels fast. Although this concept may be intuitively accepted, there has been little evidence to confirm that the propagation of bad news differs from that of good news. In this paper, we examine the effect of user perspective on his or her sharing of a controversial news story. Social media not only offers insight into human behavior but has also developed as a source of news. In this paper, we define the spreading of news by tracking selected tweets in Twitter as they are shared over time to create models of user sharing behavior. Many news events can be viewed as positive or negative. In this paper, we compare and contrast tweets about these news events among general users, while monitoring the tweet frequency for each event over time to ensure that news events are comparable with respect to user interest. In addition, we track the tweets of a controversial event between two different groups of users (i.e., those who view the event as positive and those who view it as negative). As a result, we are able to make assessments based on a single event from two different perspectives.
Late Wisconsinan grounding zones of the Laurentide Ice Sheet margin off the Québec North Shore (NW Gulf of St Lawrence)

Abstract Swath bathymetry data and seismic profiles collected in the NW Gulf of St Lawrence reveal a series of wedge-shaped depositional systems interpreted as grounding zone wedges (GZWs). Some segments of the GZWs change locally to form frontal moraines, or morainal banks, and subaqueous ice-contact fans, reflecting changes in either the nature of the ice margin or the rate of sediment input. These grounding zones (GZ) of the ice margin extend laterally along three isobaths at depths of 180 (GZ1), 120 (GZ2) and 80 (GZ3) m (±20 m) along the Québec North Shore shelf, the 120 m-deep GZ2 system being traceable over a distance of >300 km. Associated GZWs can occur in three geometries along a same isobath system: curvilinear, lobate and shelf-break. GZ systems were built during three distinct stages of stabilization of the marine-based southeastern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet following its rapid retreat across the deeper waters of the Laurentian Channel in the Gulf of St Lawrence after 14.8 cal ka BP. The occurrence of GZ along distinct isobaths indicates that bathymetry exerted a strong control on ice stabilization during deglaciation by reducing the relative water depth at the ice margin and thereby the buoyancy and rate of iceberg calving. However, fluctuations and re-advances of the ice margin are also recorded by the overprinting of a portion of the GZ2 system by the younger GZ3 system, potentially suggesting an additional response to climate-driven forcing.
Improved crosstalk modeling for noise constrained interconnect optimization

This paper presents a much improved, highly accurate yet efficient crosstalk noise model, the 2-/spl pi/ model, and applies it to noise-constrained interconnect optimizations. Compared with previous crosstalk noise models of similar complexity, our 2-/spl pi/ model takes into consideration many key parameters, such as coupling locations (near-driver or near-receiver), and the coarse distributed RC characteristics for victim net. Thus, it is very accurate (less than 6% error on average compared with HSPICE simulations). Moreover, our model provides simple closed-form expressions for both peak noise amplitude and noise width, so it is very useful for noise-aware layout optimizations. In particular we demonstrate its effectiveness in two applications: (i) optimization rule generation for noise reduction using various interconnect optimization techniques, (ii) simultaneous wire spacing to multiple nets for noise constrained interconnect minimization.
Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Model: 2014 Scientific Documentation

1NOAA/NWS/NCEP Environmental Modeling Center, College Park, MD, 2NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, CIRES / University of Colorado, and Developmental Testbed Center, Boulder, CO, 3National Center for Atmospheric Research and Developmental Testbed Center, Boulder, CO, 4University of Rhode Island, 5IMSG Inc, 6Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 7Hurricane Research Division, AOML, Miami, FL,and RSMAS, CIMAS, University of Miami, Miami, FL
A GIS SYSTEM FOR MANAGING AND ANALYZING URBAN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT

We develop a GIS database to store urban traffic accident data in digital style, and analyze these data in terms of their attribute and spatial characteristics to exploit the reasons of accidents and rank urban area with dangerous degrees. We establish a road network in MapInfo for a sample city. Second we collect three years' death traffic accidents data of the city and link these data with road network database with OLE connection between MapInfo and Visual Basic. We analyze reasons of traffic accidents to summarize major factors related to the accidents. Finally we create a hazard map to show the accident dangerous degree in the city.
Time-domain based temporal processing with application of orthogonal transformations

In the paper, novel approach that efﬁciently extracts the temporal information of speech has been proposed. This algorithm is fully employed in time-domain, and the preprocessing blocks are well justiﬁed by psychoacoustic studies. The achieved re-sults show the different properties of proposed algorithm compared to the traditional approach. The algorithm is advantageous in terms of possible modiﬁcations and computational in-expensiveness. Then, in our experiments, we have focused on different representation of time trajectories. Classical methods that are efﬁcient in conventional feature extraction approaches showed not to be suitable to approximate temporal trajectories of speech. However, the application of some orthogonal transformations, such as discrete Fourier transform or discrete co-sine transform, on top of previously derived temporal trajectories outperforms classiﬁcation in original domain. In addition, these transformed features are very efﬁcient to reduce the dimensionality of data.
A Picture is Worth a Thousand Songs: Exploring Visual Aspects of Music

The abstract nature of music makes it intrinsically hard to describe. To alleviate this problem we use well known songs or artists as a reference to describe new music. Music information research has mimicked this behavior by introducing search systems that rely on prototypical songs. Based on similarity models deducing from signal processing or collaborative filtering an according list of songs with similar properties is retrieved. Yet, music is often searched for a specific intention such as music for workout, to focus or for a comfortable dinner with friends. Modeling music similarities based on such criteria is in many cases problematic or visionary. Despite these open research challenges a more user focused question should be raised: Which interface is adequate for describing such intentions? Traditionally queries are either based on text input or seed songs. Both are in many cases inadequate or require extensive interaction or knowledge from the user. Despite the multi-sensory capabilities of humans, we primarily focus on vision. Many intentions for music searches can easily be pictorially envisioned. This paper suggests to pursue a query music by image approach. Yet, extensive research in all disciplinary fields of music research, such as music psychology, musicology and information technologies, is required to identify correlations between the acoustic and the visual domain. This paper elaborates on opportunities and obstacles and proposes ways to approach the stated problems.
Exploring Drivers of Regional Water‐Quality Change Using Differential Spatially Referenced Regression—A Pilot Study in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

An understanding of riverine water‐quality dynamics in regional mixed‐land use watersheds is the foundation for advances in landscape biogeochemistry and informed land management. A differential implementation of the statistical/process‐based model SPAtially Referenced Regressions on Watershed attributes (SPARROW; Smith et al., https://doi.org/10.1029/97wr02171) is proposed to empirically relate a regional pattern of changes in flow‐normalized constituent flux, over a multiyear period, to contemporaneous changes in spatially referenced explanatory variables. In a pilot application, the differential model, called Spatiotemporal Watershed Accumulation of Net effects (SWAN), is used to explore factors influencing changes in flow‐normalized flux of total nitrogen over the period 1990–2010 at 43 sites in the nontidal Chesapeake Bay watershed. A seven‐parameter model explains 80% of the transformed variability in independently estimated flux changes, indicating that storage effects having characteristic time scales greater than 20 years had a small influence, relative to changes in inputs, on regional water‐quality response. Results suggest that 1990–2010 changes in total‐nitrogen flux are largely the outcome of increased nonpoint‐source pollution associated with urban and suburban development, modulated to the point of negation by terrestrial losses stemming from widespread increases in air temperature and precipitation. The loss mechanism is qualitatively consistent with denitrification; however, increases in aboveground biomass, agricultural nitrogen exports, or hydrologic flushing are also plausible contributors. Although qualified by a small sample size and constraints on explanatory data availability, the pilot suggests that SWAN is a promising approach for broadening scientific understanding of factors driving regional water‐quality change and for supporting evidence‐based land‐management decisions.
Implementation of a Role Language for Object-Specific Dynamic Separation of Concerns

This paper presents an implementation of a rich role model named Chameleon, which has close resemblances to aspectoriented programming. A role is a perspective (a dynamic extension) to an existing object that can both provide new state and behaviour as well as modify existing behaviour. One important contribution of the Chameleon model, is the notion of “constituent methods”, which allows role-behaviour to hook onto behaviour in the intrinsic object. Consequently, this enables one to define aspects on perspectives of objects, rather than directly on objects themselves. The Chameleon model has been implemented as an extension to the Java language. A main contribution of this paper is a presentation of how the dynamic extension mechanism of Chameleon is transformed into plain Java, thus highlighting the different semantic aspects of Chameleon in a implementation oriented manner.
Learning pouring skills from demonstration and practice

This paper focuses on improving performance with practice for tasks that are difficult to model or plan, such as pouring (manipulating a liquid or granular material such as sugar). We are also interested in tasks that involve the possible use of many skills, such as pouring by tipping, shaking, and tapping. Although our ultimate goal is to learn and optimize skills automatically from demonstration and practice, in this paper, we explore manually obtaining skills from human demonstration, and automatically selecting skills and optimizing continuous parameters for these skills. Behaviors such as pouring, shaking, and tapping are modeled with finite state machines. We unify the pouring and the two shaking skills as a general pouring model. The constructed models are verified by implementing them on a PR2 robot. The robot experiments demonstrate that our approach is able to appropriately generalize knowledge about different pouring skills and optimize behavior parameters.
Exploring a better turbine layout in vertically staggered wind farms

Vertical staggering of wind turbines can lead to an increased power production in the entrance region of a wind farm because downstream turbines are consequently outside the wakes of preceding turbines. We perform large eddy simulations of different vertically staggered wind farm configurations for which we keep the average turbine hub height the same. We find that the turbine power output in the entrance region of the wind farm is significantly higher when the first turbine row is elevated than when the first turbine row is lowered. The reason is that this allows the first high turbine row to fully benefit from the strong winds at a high elevation. In the fully developed region of the wind farm the power production of the vertically staggered wind farms is similar to the power production of the corresponding reference aligned wind farm, while the normalized power fluctuations can be significantly higher than in the reference wind farm.
L p -WAVELET REGRESSION WITH CORRELATED ERRORS AND INVERSE PROBLEMS

We investigate global performances of non-linear wavelet estimation in regression models with correlated errors. Convergence properties are studied over a wide range of Besov classesB s ;r and for a variety ofL p error measures. We consider error distributions with Long-Range-Dependence parameter ; 0 2 + . Using a vaguelette decomposition of fractional Gaussian noise we
Losing control of the internet: using the data plane to attack the control plane

In this work, we introduce the Coordinated Cross Plane Session Termination, or CXPST, attack, a distributed denial of service attack that attacks the control plane of the Internet. CXPST extends previous work that demonstrates a vulnerability in routers that allows an adversary to disconnect a pair of routers using only data plane traffic. By carefully choosing BGP sessions to terminate, CXPST generates a surge of BGP updates that are seen by nearly all core routers on the Internet. This surge of updates surpasses the computational capacity of affected routers, crippling their ability to make routing decisions
Effect of Ester to Amide or N‐Methylamide Substitution on Bacterial Membrane Depolarization and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Cyclic Lipopeptides

Cyclic lipopeptides derived from the fusaricidin/LI‐F family of naturally occurring antibiotics represent particularly attractive candidates for the development of new antibacterial agents. In comparison with natural products, these derivatives may offer better stability under physiologically relevant conditions and lower nonspecific toxicity, while preserving their antibacterial activity. In this study we assessed the ability of cyclic lipodepsipeptide 1 and its analogues—amide 2, N‐methylamide 3, and linear peptide 4—to interact with the cytoplasmic membranes of selected Gram‐positive bacteria. We also investigated their bacteriostatic/bactericidal modes of action and in vivo potency by using a Galleria mellonella model of MRSA infection. Cyclic lipopeptides 1 and 2 depolarize the cytoplasmic membranes of Gram‐positive bacteria in a concentration‐dependent manner. The degree of membrane depolarization was influenced by the structural and physical properties of 1 and 2, with the more flexible and hydrophobic peptide 1 being most efficient. However, membrane depolarization does not correlate with bacterial cell lethality, suggesting that membrane‐targeting activity is not the main mode of action for this class of antibacterial peptides. Conversely, substitution of the depsipeptide bond in 1 with an N‐methylamide bond in 3, or its hydrolysis to peptide 4, lead to a complete loss of antibacterial activity and indicate that the conformation of cyclic lipopeptides plays a role in their antibacterial activities. Cyclic lipopeptides 1 and 2 are also capable of improving the survival of G. mellonella larvae infected with MRSA at varying efficiencies, reflecting their in vitro activities. Gaining more insight into the structure–activity relationship and mode of action of these cyclic lipopeptides may enable the development of new antibiotics of this class with improved antibacterial activity.
Complexity of Probabilistic Planning under Average Rewards

A general and expressive model of sequential decision making under uncertainty is provided by the Markov decision processes (MDPs) framework. Complex applications with very large state spaces are best modelled implicitly (instead of explicitly by enumerating the state space), for example as precondition-effect operators, the representation used in AI planning. This kind of representations are very powerful, and they make the construction of policies/plans computationally very complex. In many applications, average rewards over unit time is the relevant rationality criterion, as opposed to the more widely used discounted reward criterion, and for providing a solid basis for the development of efficient planning algorithms, the computational complexity of the decision problems related to average rewards has to be analyzed. We investigate the complexity of the policy/plan existence problem for MDPs under the average reward criterion, with MDPs represented in terms of conditional probabilistic precondition-effect operators. We consider policies with and without memory, and with different degrees of sensing/observability. The unrestricted policy existence problem for the partially observable cases was earlier known to be undecidable. The results place the remaining computational problems to the complexity classes EXP and NEXP (deterministic and nondeterministic exponential time.)
Prospects for Higgs Searches via VBF at the LHC with the ATLAS Detector

We report on the potential for the discovery of a Standard Model Higgs boson with the vector boson fusion mechanism in the mass range $115<M_H<500 \gev$ with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Feasibility studies at hadron level followed by a fast detector simulation have been performed for $H\to W^{(*)}W^{(*)}\to l^+l^-\sla{p_T}$, $H\to\gamma\gamma$ and $H\to ZZ\to l^+l^-q\bar{q}$. The results obtained show a large discovery potential in the range $115<M_H<300 \gev$. Results obtained with multivariate techniques are reported for a number of channels.
Memory for emotional stories in high and low depressed children

Cognitive theories of depression emphasise a vicious circle linking depressed mood and biased recall towards negative information. In line with this, depressed adults show selectively enhanced recall for negative information. This recall bias is held to be mediated by increased accessibility of negative self‐referent schemas formed as a result of adverse early experiences. Given this, surprisingly few studies have examined depression‐related recall biases from a developmental perspective. Clinically depressed children have been found to show enhanced recall of negative adjectives, particularly when self‐referent, but to date there is no evidence for similar recall biases in non‐clinically depressed groups. The current study addressed this by investigating high and low non‐clinically depressed children's (aged 5–11 years) recall of emotional stories. High depressed children showed enhanced recall of negative stories, relative to positive stories, compared to the low depressed group. This did not vary with age group. We conclude that, when child‐oriented materials are used, depression‐related biases in recall towards negative information are observable even in a non‐clinical sample of children from 5 years of age.