Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Homicides in Older Adults in Berlin from 2000–2010 -

Objective: Recent medical and socio-economic improvements have led to increased life expectancy and thus, a larger global population of older adults. Older adults are an identified risk group for victimization, and specific risk factors exist for violent experiences in later life. However, detailed information concerning fatal aggression against older adults is lacking. The present study is a retrospective study of homicides in an autopsy population of older adults, with regard to victims, offenders, and circumstances. Material and Methods: Our analysis of autopsy reports ( n = 23,276), police investigation files and court documents examined homicides in older adults (>60 years) over an 11-year period. We excluded cases involving putrefaction, unclear deaths, and serial killings, non-assistance of people in danger, medical malpractice, euthanasia and attempted homicide. Results: Of 480 homicides during the study period, 93 involved people >60 years (19.4%). Of these, 68 case files (73.1%) were accessible via the public prosecutor’s office; with 92 identified perpetrators. Fifty-five cases were available for analysis. Victims of both sexes had almost the same risk of being killed. On average, female victims were aged 75 years; most were married and were killed by asphyxiation (strangulation). Male victims were aged 70 years on average, lived alone and were killed by sharp or blunt force. Common murder motives were enrichment, disease(s) of the victim and the offender’s (psychiatric) illness. Conclusions: The danger of victimization for older adults is small, and as older adults tend to spend less time in public, there has been a shift of offenses into domestic areas. To prevent fatal aggression against older adults, an interdisciplinary approach involving physicians, patients and social surroundings is necessary. Detailed information for medical personnel about physical and mental symptoms of elder abuse, access to support services for those affected, autopsies in fatal cases and public awareness of violence against older adults are important.
CLINICAL RESEARCH AND EXPERIENCE WITH INCRETIN-BASED THERAPIES *

Despite proven lifestyle recommendations and the availability of a range of oral antidiabetic agents, many patients with type 2 diabetes fail to achieve adequate glycemic control. Patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes may be exposed to considerable complications, including elevated cardiovascular risk. New therapeutic strategies have been under investigation to improve glycemic control and avoid some of the adverse effects associated with available antidiabetic agents, most notably weight gain, while improving cardiovascular health. This review will discuss incretin mimetics and their potential role in improving diabetes management. (Adv Stud Med. 2008;8(11):387-392)
Effects of BSO, GSH, Vit-C and DMPS on the nephrotoxicity of mercury

Acute mercury (Hg) exposure can induce renal injuries, and some persons think that mercury may cause toxic effects on the body by inducing oxidative injury (Ceaurriz and Payan, 1994). But the mechanism has not been elucidated completely. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) is the potent inhibitor of -glutamyl-cysteine synthetase. Thus, BSO can potentially inhibit the synthesis of GSH and increase the depletion of GSH (Rankin et al., 1997). Glutathione (GSH) is an important antioxidant, and it can inhibit LPO and scavenger of free radical and H2O2 of body (Zalups and Lash, 1997). Vit-C is a water-soluble antioxidant with low molecular weight, and it is regarded as the primary antioxidant. Vit-C has the ability of scavenging H2O2, • OH and ’O2 effectively and protect cells against oxidative injuries. Furthermore, Vit-C is an important scavenger of oxidative oxygen in cellular plasma. Therefore, it is considered as a broad-spectrum antioxidant (Noroozi et al., 1998). Sodium 2,3-dimercato-1propanesulfonate (DMPS) can bind the metals, and it has high affinity with Hg. It can capture the metals that have been bound with the enzymes, and therefore restore the activities of enzyme (Pingree and Simmonds, 2001). The complex formed by binding Effects of BSO, GSH, Vit-C and DMPS on the nephrotoxicity of mercury
Influence of the Reproductive Status on Different Haematological Parameters in Pure Bred Arabian Mares Raised in Tiaret Algeria

Normal haematological values need to be defined for each breed and age in order to increase diagnostic precision. No published data on haematology exists for Arabian horses raised in Algeria. This research compares the haematological characteristics of Arabian pure bred mares of different reproductive status. Sixty pure bred Arabian mares divided in three categories, respectively pregnant, post partum and lactating mares were divided into four age groups with five mares each one: A (5-10 years), B (10-15), C (15-20) and D (>20 years). Jugular blood samples were taken and data were pooled for each animal. No significant difference was observed in all haematological parameters between lactating mare's groups. However we found that pregnant mares aged between 10 and 15 years (Group B) presented lower a total leukocyte counts than others (p<0,05) and a significant difference was observed between post partum mares in total erythrocyte counts, Haemoglobin and Packed cell volume. In this study some haematological parameters were influenced by age and reproductive status of mares.
Commentary by Molzahn

Although there are likely to be many common aspects to the experience of receiving hemodialysis in North America and Taiwan, I was intrigued by how the decision-making processes might be similar or different in the two cultural contexts. The investigators in this article described the phenomenon where individuals faced with end stage renal disease (ESRD) decide on whether to accept hemodialysis treatment or to use traditional Chinese medicine to treat the disease. In North America, decision making regarding dialysis therapy is of a different nature; the issues are much more likely to be about who makes the decisions about the type of therapy (physician or client and family) and what type of therapy to select than about whether to choose dialysis or an alternative therapy. Although the use of alternative therapies among people on dialysis is fairly common in North America, they tend to be used as adjuncts to the treatment. For example, the participants in Curtin and Mapes’s (2001) study of long-term dialysis survivors described use of alternative therapies and adjusting their medications and treatment independent of the recommendations of health professionals. In North America, the treatment options for ESRD include hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation. The location of the dialysis treatment can be at home, in hospital, in a dialysis center, or in a self-care or limitedcare facility. For people who are eligible to be transplanted, there is also the choice of waiting for a deceased donor kidney or seeking a living donor. When the prognosis is poor, declining treatment is also an option (Moss, 2001). Best practices for decision making regarding therapy for ESRD in North America involve collaboration among health professionals, clients, and family members (Moss, 2001). In some centers, decisions regarding treatment are made by physicians alone. Thamer et al. (2000) found that physicians recommended peritoneal dialysis for 61% of the patients they considered to be likely to comply with the treatment; value judgments are likely to be associated with who might be considered compliant or noncompliant. Compliance with therapy is also likely to be an issue for health professionals in Taiwan. Tsay and Hung (2004), nurse researchers in Taiwan, stated that the predominant trend to enforce compliance led to their study to design and evaluate an empowerment program “focused on helping patients develop
Toxicological effects of acrylamide on the reproductive system of weaning male rats

It has been reported that acrylamide can be detected in starchy food treated by high temperature (120 C). People could be exposed to acrylamide in factory, laboratory, or even in daily life via diet and drinking water. Recently, the toxicity of acrylamide receives more attention. In addition to the neurotoxicity in humans, other toxic effects of acrylamide are worth further investigation. In this study, we investigated whether acrylamide affected the male reproductive system using high-performance liquid chromatography. In this study, the reproductive toxicity of acrylamide was observed in 3-week-old weaning male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with acrylamide at various doses (0, 5, 15 or 30 mg/kg/day). The results showed that food availability and reproductive organ indexes of the weaning male rats decreased. Levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone in serum increased while luteinizing hormone in serum decreased. The histopathological lesions and abnormal sperms presented in weaning rats after acrylamide treatment. The results suggested that there is a toxicological effect of acrylamide on the reproductive system of weaning male rats. Based on the findings above, we suggested that more attention should be paid to the toxicological study of acrylamide on weaning male rats or human beings, rather than just on adult male animals.
ASSESSMENT OF BURNOUT LEVELS OF SPORT CLUB ADMINISTRATORS 3

objective of this study is to determine the burnout levels of the administrators working in sports clubs in the province of Kocaeli and to investigate whether or not they vary depending on socio- demographic variables such as age, gender, education level, marital status, number of children, undergoing a treatment, years worked, monthly income, income from the club, amateur or professional status of the club worked for, and location of the club.In this context, the Maslach Burnout Scale and a questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics were administered to 292 administrators who could be contacted and who volunteered to take part in the study from a total of 1379 sports club administrators who worked in 197 clubs between 2009 and 2010 in the province of Kocaeli. The scales that were filled out by 242 sports club administrators were considered valid and they were analyzed statistically. While no statistically significant difference was found at the end of the study in terms of gender, undergoing psychological treatment, income received from the club, or amateur or professional status of the club, there was a significant difference in terms of age, education level, marital status, number of children, years worked and monthly income.
Patient Satisfaction About Hospital Services: A Study From the Outpatient Department of Tertiary Care Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India -

Background: Patient satisfaction is an important means of measuring the effectiveness of health care delivery and quality of medical care. It denotes the extent to which general health care needs of the patient are met to their requirements. The most important reason to conduct patient satisfaction surveys is that they provide the ability to identify and resolve potential problems before they become serious. This study was designed to assess the patient satisfaction regarding the services provided in outpatient department. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 100 randomly selected patients. They were interviewed at the exit point of outpatient department during the period from 21/09/2013 to 25/09/13. The data were collected on predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Results: Most of the respondents were satisfied with availability of services, professional care, waiting time, behavior of consultant, nurses, paramedical staff and other staff. The overall satisfaction level was 73% excellent to good, 22% average and 94% respondents answered ‘yes’ to the question - ‘would you recommend this hospital to friends and family’. Out of total 68% respondents were unsatisfied with toilet facility and 56% were unsatisfied with drinking water facility. Conclusion: OPD services in a hospital need to be improved by developing patient feedback system.
Active Infective Endocarditis: Low Mortality Associated with Early Surgical Treatment

Background: Early surgical treatment is important for successful outcome in selected cases of active. either native (NVE) or prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early results of the surgical treatment of active NVE and PVE. Methods: During a 3-yr period (January 1 1996-December 31 1998). 57 out of 60 patients (pts) with active. either NVE (46 pts) or PVE (11 pts) underwent surgical treatment. There were 11 women (23.9%), average age of the group being 43.3 ± 9.1 yr (18-73). They were operated on 12-35 days. mean 17.7 ± 7.5 days (for NVE) and 5-33 days. mean 13.2 ± 10.1 days (for PVE) after the diagnosis of endocarditis was first suspected. All pts had at least one absolute indication for early surgical treatment. the most frequent being (in NVE) worsening heart failure (19 cases) and inability to control the infection (10 cases), while in PVE it was valve dehiscence (8 cases). In 8 cases of NVE and 2 cases of PVE fresh. antibiotic sterilized aortic homograft was used to replace the aortic valve. Results: Operative mortality was 1.8% (1157) and hospital mortality 5.2% (3/57). Three pts with PVE died before they were operated on. giving an overall mortality of 10% (6/60). Postoperative morbidity included valve dehiscence in two pts (probable late onset recurrent endocarditis 3.5%). three episodes of acute renal failure (5.3%). four cases of respiratory Insufficiency (7.0%) and one chronic pleural effusion (1.8%). All pts that were discharged from the hospital (54/60). are still alive and well 1-35 months postoperatively (mean 20.3 ± 9.6 months), Including pts with recurrent endocarditis and valve dehiscence. after they were successfully reoperated. Conclusions: Along with early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment. aggressive surgical attitude is of Importance for the successful outcome in this group of seriously ill patients. Our data indicate that early surgical treatment in cases of active endocarditis may be associated with low mortality and morbidity. © 2000 The International Society F'or Cardiovascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
Transected Thoracic Aorta: Age-Specific Differences in Incidence and Possible Reasons

Transected thoracic aorta: age-specific differences in incidence and possible reasons ----------------------------------H. F. Trtpp", F. Robicsek*. M. Thomasont and M. Thubrlkart rDepsrtment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Carolinas Heart Institute, Carolinas Medical Center. USA and tDepartment of General Surgery, Trauma Division, Carolinas Medical Center, USA and tHeinneman Medical Research Center. North Carolina, USA
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Sexual Behaviour Among the Nigerian Military Concerning HIV/AIDS and STDs

The first behavioural survey conducted in the Nigerian Armed Forces to elicit behavioural information that would contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics and underlying factors of the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS in the military was carried out between May and August 2001. The nationally representative survey was conducted amongst nearly 1600 military personnel randomly selected from the three service arms of the Nigerian Armed Forces. Detailed information on the knowledge and attitudes regarding STDs and HIV/AIDS and on risky behaviour patterns was elicited. Also information on some socio-demographic factors that could have possible explanatory value or confounding effects was obtained. The survey reveals that Nigerian military personnel are very educated and dedicated with long-term career investments in the military that imply personal and professional hardships and risks. Of concern is that Nigerian military personnel find themselves in professional and personal situations that lead to engaging in high-risk behaviours that could put them at risk of contracting STDs including HIV. Furthermore in view of the fact that military personnel live with and interact freely with the civilian population they could serve as a potential core transmission group for these infections to the larger population. This is of great concern and calls for prompt interventions. Whilst military personnel are more aware of HIV/AIDS than the general population more could be done by the Nigerian military to protect their dedicated officers and men to the extent possible from the risks to which they are exposed. (excerpt)
Response by Borges and Ostwald

The authors are in agreement with the major theme of both commentaries that there is an urgent need for changes in our health care system that would integrate chronic disease self-management strategies into practice, as well as provide reimbursement mechanisms for these strategies. Selfmanagement education to teach and support positive self-care behaviors must be individualized and occur in the primary care setting and in the community to affect behavior change and ultimately reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic disease. The authors did not see the brief intervention delivered in the emergency department as a replacement for, but rather as an opportunity to reinforce diabetes education for a very vulnerable population who primarily receive their primary care through emergency rooms. The study was conducted in a United States–Mexico border community in a designated health resource shortage area (New Mexico Medical Society, 2000). New Mexico ranks third in the nation in uninsured adults and averages fewer outpatient visits and more emergency department visits compared to U.S. averages (New Mexico Medical Society, 2000). The county has the seventh highest adult poverty rate in the state and the per-capita income is lower than state and national averages (New Mexico Department of Health, 2002). Fifty-eight percent (n = 97) of study participants had not completed high school. Although 77% (n = 128) of participants had some type of insurance, 35% (n = 58) of those insured also qualified for stateassisted Medicaid, indicating an income at or below poverty level. These statistics emphasize the need for systems of care that are responsive to community needs. As the second commentary points out, as the burden of diabetes increases throughout the world, identifying barriers to care as well as developing models of care that overcome these barriers will be essential. The United States–Mexico border challenges will extend to areas throughout the country as the demographic mix changes. The Pies Sanos intervention was designed to provide efficacy enhancing education that served to reinforce positive foot self-care behaviors. Prior studies had demonstrated an effect size of 0.57 (Hurley & Shea, 1992). Using this as a basis for a priori sample size calculations, to detect medium-strength main and interaction effect sizes of 0.50, at an alpha Western Journal of Nursing Research Volume 30 Number 3 April 2008 347-349 © 2008 Sage Publications 10.1177/0193945907303117 http://wjn.sagepub. com hosted at http://online.sagepub. com
INVESTIGATION OF POTENTIAL PHARMACOLOGICAL DRUG TARGETS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF HYPERTENSIVE ORGAN DAMAGES

s MAGYAR K, RIBA A, VAMOS Z, BALOGH A, DERES L, HIDEG K, SUMEGI B, KOLLER A, HALMOSI R, TOTH K; The role of Akt and mi togen-activated protein kinase systems in the vasoprotection elicited by PARP inhi bition in hypertensive rats; Paris, France, 2011.08. 27. 2011. Congress of the European Society of Cardiology, Aug ust 27-31, 2011, Paris, France [EHJ, Abstract Suppl.] MAGYAR K, RIBA A, VÁMOS Z, BALOGH A, DERES L, KÁLAI T, HIDEG K, SERESS L, SÜMEGI B, KOLLER A, HALMOSI R, TÓTH K; The role of akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase systems in the protective effect of parp inhibition in a chronic hypertensive rat model; Magyar Farmakológiai, Anatómus, Mikrocirkulá ciós és Élettani (FAMÉ) társaságok 2011. évi közös tudományos konferenciája. Pécs, Mag yarország, 2011.06. 08-2011.06. 11. (Magyar Élettani Társaság) Pécs: pp. 200-201. VÁMOS Z, CSÉPLŐ P, DERES L, IVIC I, KÓSA D, MÁTICS R, HAMAR J, KOLLER A Aging alters Angiotensin-II-induced vasomotor respo nses. Osijek, Croatia, 2011.09. 24. 2011. Croatian Physiological Society Meeting, Osijek, sep t. 24-25. , 2011. VAMOS Z, CSEPLO P, DERES L , HAMAR J, KOLLER A Aging dependent changes in angiotensin II-induced contractions of isolated rat c rotid atreries. München, Németország, 2011.10. 11-2011.10. 18. 2011. Meeting of the European Society for Microcirculatio n, München, okt. 11-18. ,2011.
TISSUE CHANGES IN HUMAN FEMURS CONTAINING PLASTIC APPLIANCES

1. A pathological study has been made of eight femurs containing acrylic Judet type prostheses, in patients who had died two to thirteen weeks after arthroplasty. 2. Haemorrhage occurs into the tunnel and into a limited zone of the spongy bone around the tunnel. Organisation of the blood clot is evident at two weeks and new bone formation appears shortly afterwards. At eight weeks the tunnel is lined by a fibrous membrane. Further fibrosis and new bone growth tend to establish a new surface, healing the wound in the bone and sequestrating the foreign body. 3. There is no evidence that the intact methyl-methacrylate appliance had exerted any toxic action on the tissues.
Capacity in Healthy Individuals but Are Functionally Impaired in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

SUMMARY The immunosuppressive function of regulatory B cells has been shown in several murine models of chronic inflammation, including collagen-induced arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Despite interest in these cells, their relevance to the maintenance of peripheral tolerance in humans remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that human CD19 + CD24 hi CD38 hi B cells possessed regulatory capacity. After CD40 stimulation, CD19 + CD24 hi CD38 hi B cells suppressed the differentiation of T helper 1 cells, partially via the provision of interleukin-10 (IL-10), but not transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b), and their suppressive capacity was reversed by the addition of CD80 and CD86 mAbs. In addition, CD19 + CD24 hi CD38 hi SLE B cells isolated from the peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients were refractory to further CD40 stimulation, produced less IL-10, and lacked the suppressive capacity of their healthy counterparts. Altered cellular function within this compartment may impact effector immune responses in SLE and other autoimmune disorders.