Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Board-Auditor Interaction and Earnings Management: The Model of Company with Concentrated Ownership

We examined the effect of the interaction between two mechanisms of governance; monitoring the Board of Commissioners and Auditor examination to earnings management practices. Based on the completeness of the data, we selected 122 manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period of 2011-2014. Moderating regression analysis is used to examine the impact of ownership concentration on the model of earnings management monitoring. The examination is conducted on subsamples based on the level of ownership concentrations. This study finds four characteristics of the Board of Commissioners that influence earnings management. Three of them (independence, expertise, and size) had negative effects; the other one (meeting) have positive effect on earnings quality. The Board of Commissioners interacts with auditor’s quality in monitoring earnings management, except for meeting. Monitoring the effectiveness of weakening began to limit ownership of < 20%. Increasingly leading to higher concentration levels of < 90%, The Board of Commissioners influence on earnings management is insignificant.
Creativity, entrepreneurship and happiness: Ingredients for a High Education change

The society of the 21st century continues to demand professional competences that are not sufficiently covered in university classrooms. Recent studies reaffirmed the possibility of predicting the academic performance of university students from their levels of emotional intelligence and subjective happiness. A sustainable growth, based on innovation and excellence, requires a growing number of creative university graduates with entrepreneurship skills. It is therefore necessary to promote a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in the university environment. The present work analyze which aspects are related to the entrepreneurial spirit by offering an effective methodological framework for the university classroom that integrates the emotional intelligence, the subjective sense of well-being and the creativity as facilitator elements of the academic achievement and the professional competence that the labour market requires. The obtained results are discussed based on the necessity of a teacher training in methodological strategies, aligned with these dynamics and educational intership in different university classrooms, that engourage generate a successful and sustainable entrepreneurship, that address to the specialized labor demand claimed by the universities from sectors of the economic activity, and contributing to the personal and professional development of our students, their life quality, and the society in which they live. key words: happiness, entrepreneurship, creativity, academic achievement, higher education.
Educational Response Toward Covid-19 Pandemic: Perception, Problems and Prospects; A Bangladeshi Context

This study set out to unearth the perception regarding the effectiveness of online education, problems and future prospects of online education according to the teachers and students of Higher education institutions of Bangladesh during the covid-19 pandemic situation. The present study is conducted in two stages. The first stage was examining the existing literature on Education’s (Teaching-Learning) response during the Covid-19 pandemic situation; and in phase 2, one structured questionnaire was administered to elicit responses from students from two different universities in Bangladesh and one semi-structured questionnaire were administered to bring forth responses from teachers of different higher education institutions of Bangladesh. random sampling and the snowball technique were used to develop the sample of 118 respondents with a response rate of 44.03 percent. Teachers and students both have positive attitude toward online education during pandemic situation mostly because of safety issue. Positive relationship is found between the level of proficiency of teaching technology and the level of comfort in online teachings among teachers of higher education. Moreover, there are multiple issues at hand to resolve and move forward such as: developing digital proficiency of both teachers and students, ensuring better students’ engagement, employing effective and authentic evaluation process, remodeling pedagogy and learning instruments, ensuring quality internet facility at affordable price for all the concerned stakeholders. Current study would help the education practitioners to focus on improving the current issues and thus making the policy regarding teaching during and after pandemic situation owing to the fact that, evidences suggest that, world’s education practice is moving toward blended learning (a combination of online and offline, on campus learning). Whereas, several studies have been carried out to reveal the prospects and challenges in the field of education during Covid-19 pandemic. The currents study synthesizes the major contributions and highlights the issues regarding the educational response toward Covid-19 Pandemic around the world. Moreover, this study reveals the problems and prospects of online education during and post Covid-19 era in a third world like Bangladesh.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oncology Care and Clinical Trials

Simple Summary The coronavirus pandemic has had a considerable impact on all parts of society. Unsurprisingly, healthcare has been particularly affected, including cancer care and trials of new drugs. This article will summarize the impact the pandemic has had on cancer healthcare taking into consideration how the pandemic affected potential cancer patients and stopped them seeking medical advice for new symptoms. The pandemic also affected the ability of people to access healthcare services and undergo the tests necessary to diagnose cancer. This article will also discuss the impact of the pandemic on existing treatments and the trials of new drugs. In light of the unprecedented speed of development of new treatments and vaccines for the virus itself, it will also review whether some of these adaptations could be used to accelerate the development of novel cancer therapies. Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused considerable global disruption to clinical practice. This article will review the impact that the pandemic has had on oncology clinical trials. It will assess the effect of the COVID-19 situation on the initial presentation and investigation of patients with suspected cancer. It will also review the impact of the pandemic on the subsequent management of cancer patients, and how clinical trial approval, recruitment, and conduct were affected during the pandemic. An intriguing aspect of the pandemic is that clinical trials investigating treatments for COVID-19 and vaccinations against the causative virus, SARS-CoV-2, have been approved and conducted at an unprecedented speed. In light of this, this review will also discuss the potential that this enhanced regulatory environment could have on the running of oncology clinical trials in the future.
Relationship of Production Traits and Udder Morphometry with Somatic Cell Count in Zaraibi Goats

Somatic cell count (SCC) in milk is of interest to dairy goat breeders because of its influence not only on milk production but also on longevity and profitability. This study’s aim was therefore to consider the production traits and udder morphometry relationships between them and SCC. For this purpose, production traits and twelve udder traits were measured from 152 clinically healthy dairy Zaraibi goats at the first four parities of lactations. The examined goats were classified into three categories according to SCC in milk; (≤470x10 cells/ml), (from 471 to ≤500x10 cells/ml) and (>500x10 cells/ml). Results showed that the goats with SCC ≤470x10 cells/ml had significantly the highest values of all studied production parameters. Likewise, the udder and teats measurements showed to be different depending on SCC in milk. However, the studied parameters were with highly significant negative correlations with SCC. The teat position and udder attachment scores were high in goats at SCC ≤470x10 cells/ml, and such scores negatively decreased when SCC values increased. However, the maximum r value (62.8%) obtained from regression equation for predicting SCC was by using average daily milk yield, days in milk, udder depth and width traits. In conclusion, including udder depth and width with teats separation and diameter traits in future breeding programs of Zaraibi goats would be useful to ensure that the selection for increased productivity is not accompanied by unwanted deterioration. In addition, these relations could be used as an indirect diagnosis of SCC in Zaraibi goats milk.
A Modified Submandibular Approach - Assessment of Outcome

The submandibular approach has been an integral tool in facial surgery since 1934. The technique is indicated in different clinical scenarios. This approach is governed by two key determinants; namely the skin tension lines and the course of the marginal mandibular branch. Aim of study: this study suggests that moving the incision further into the neck while respecting the course of the facial nerve would help achieving both optimal esthetic outcome as well as less nerve injuries. Materials and methods: eight patients requiring facial surgery, where the submandibular approach was indicated, were recruited and the modified submandibular incision was applied. The function of the facial nerve was followed up for six months using the Houseman-Brackman test. The esthetic result was assessed by two panels; consultant maxillofacial surgeons, and lay persons mainly concerned with the esthetics. The panel reviewed the cases through a power point presentation. A questionnaire customized to each panel’s expertise was then provided. Results: Surgeons grading intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) showed that there was an excellent agreement in questions 1, 4, 5 and 7 (ICC=0.672, ICC=0.647, ICC=0.753 and ICC=0.679 respectively). The 5 different maxillofacial surgeons had excellent agreement on that the incision utilized accurately facilitated accessibility, good healing and pleasant esthetic outcome. Regarding lay persons grading, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) showed that there was an almost perfect inter-observer agreement on the success of the technique esthetically (ICC=0.826 and 0.838 respectively). Conclusion: the modified submandibular approach provided better aesthetic results and lower risk of facial nerve injury.
Treatment of Tibial Plateau Fractures By Circular External Fixator

Background: Tibial plateau fracture is challenging for orthopedic surgeons because of the severity of trauma and associated soft tissue injuries. The treatment goals are to anatomically reconstruct the proximal tibial articular surface, restore limb axial alignment, and fix metadiaphyseal comminution to allow early knee mobilization and weight bearing. Aim: To evaluate the functional, clinical and radiological outcomes of treatment of high energy tibial plateau fractures by circular external fixator ± percutaneous screw fixation. Patients and Methods: Between June 2018 and July 2019, 20 tibial plateau fractures in 20 patients were treated with Ilizarov external fixator in Benha University hospital. The mean age was 39 years (range 22–55 years), and the mean follow-up period was 11±2 months (range 8–12 months). Closed reduction was performed by closed means in 70% of cases or through minimal incisions in 30% of cases. Clinical and functional evaluation of patients in the tibial plateau group was performed. Results: All patients started weight bearing the day after the surgery. Functionally, 70% had an excellent result, 20% had a good result. Radiologically 75% of had excellent results. Pin tract infection was controlled in all patients without need to implant removal. Conclusion: The degree of soft tissue injury associated with tibial plateau fracture is an important determinant for both the choice of the treatment modality and the prediction of treatment outcome. The use of Ilizarov external fixator is safe and effective option for the treatment of difficult Schatzker IV, V and VI tibial plateau fractures.
Retreatment of Experimental Carrier-Based Obturators with the Remover NiTi Instrument: Evaluation of Apical Extrusion and Effects of New Kinematics

The objective of this study is to evaluate the retreatment time and weight of apically extruded debris yielded by two different kinematics during the removal of different root canal filling materials. Forty straight single-rooted extracted teeth were instrumented with HyFlex CM files and obturated with two different techniques: 25.04 HyFlex experimental carrier-based obturators (Coltène/Whaledent, Altstätten, Switzerland) (group 1) or 25.04 single gutta-percha cones (Roeko Coltène/Whaledent, Altstätten, Switzerland) (group 2) and Guttaflow Bioseal as the sealer. Samples were divided into four subgroups (n = 10) according to the used kinematics for the removal of root canal filling materials: continuous rotation (A) or retreatment motion (B) with a Remover and HyFlex EDM Nickel-Titanium instruments activated with a CanalPro Jeni micromotor (Coltène/Whaledent, Altstätten, Switzerland). Time for retreatment was digitally recorded, and debris extruded from the apex was collected in Eppendorf tubes and weighted with an analytical balance. Data on retreatment time and apical extrusion were statistically analyzed with the Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05). Working length was achieved in all the retreated samples. The removal of root filling material resulted significantly faster with the Jeni mode (p < 0.001), and the difference was significant for the removal of both filling materials (p < 0.05). No significant differences on debris extrusion between single cone and experimental obturators groups were noted (p > 0.05), and no significant differences between kinematics (continuous rotation vs. Jeni motion) were observed (p > 0.05). All the tested retreatment strategies lead to an extrusion of material from the apex, and the weight of apically extruded debris was similar. The use of the innovative CanalPro Jeni kinematics accelerates the time for the removal of root filling materials.
Effect of Sowing Dates and Levels of Nitrogen on Yield Attributes, Protein Content and Economics of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

It is a rabi cereal crop in India and usually used as food for human beings and feed for animals and poultry birds (Singh et al., 2012). There are evidences to indicate that it is one of the oldest crops known to have been cultivated in India. Barley is quite nutritious cereal. The grains of barley contain 8-10% protein, good amount of carbohydrates, minerals and vitamin. B complex and forms a staple food for many people in India. The dishes like chapati, sattu etc. are prepared from barley flour In addition, the energy rich drinks are also prepared from the malt extracts of barley. In India, about 90% of the barley produced is used for human consumption, while in USA and European countries most of it is used as cattle feed.
INFLUENCE OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON MAST CELL AND MACROPHAGE UPTAKE AND ACTVATION: ROLE OF SCAVENGER RECEPTOR B1

39 Introduction . 41 Materials and Methods . 44 Results . 48 Discussion . 51 Conclusion . 56 CHAPTER 3: Scavenger Receptor B1 Facilitates Macrophage Uptake of Silver Nanoparticles and Cellular Activation . 74 Abstract . 74.74 Introduction . 76 Materials and Methods . 78 Results . 85 Discussion . 90 Conclusion . 93 Chapter 4: General Discussion . 111 Future studies . 121 REFERENCES . 122
Perception of Internal Quality Auditors on Training, Experience, Independence, Professionalism, Accountability, and Competency: Case Study on University

Internal quality audit is one of audit types that can improve the quality of organization’s services. Nowadays internal quality audit is not only applied by profit-oriented organizations but also nonprofit-oriented organizations such as university. This research aims to find out how the perception of the internal quality auditor of a university on training, experience, independence, professionalism, accountability, and competency in terms of quality auditing. The respondent of this research is internal quality auditors of Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga. This research uses descriptive qualitative approach. Data of this research is collected by distributing a list of question and interviewing ten internal quality auditors who agree to be the respondent. The result shows that all these respondents have a good perception of their training, experience, independence, professionalism, accountability, and competency.
A New Glass Forming Electrolyte Based on Lithium Glycerolate

The detailed study of the interplay between the physicochemical properties and the long-range charge migration mechanism of polymer electrolytes able to carry lithium ions is crucial in the development of next-generation lithium batteries. Glycerol exhibits a number of features (e.g., glass-forming behavior, low glass transition temperature, high flexibility of the backbone, and efficient coordination of lithium ions) that make it an appealing ion-conducting medium and a challenging building block in the preparation of new inorganic–organic polymer electrolytes. This work reports the preparation and the extensive investigation of a family of 11 electrolytes based on lithium glycerolate. The electrolytes have the formula C3H5(OH)3−x(OLi)x, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. The elemental composition is evaluated by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The structure and interactions are studied by vibrational spectroscopies (FT-IR and micro-Raman). The thermal properties are gauged by modulated differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Finally, insights on the long-range charge migration mechanism and glycerol relaxation events are investigated via broadband electrical spectroscopy. Results show that in these electrolytes, glycerolate acts as a large and flexible macro-anion, bestowing to the material single-ion conductivity (1.99 × 10−4 at 30 °C and 1.55 × 10−2 S∙cm−1 at 150 °C for x = 0.250).
“HORIZONTAL ALVEOLAR RIDGE AUGMENTATION WITH AUTOGENOUS BLOCK BONE GRAFT A CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY EVALUATION CASE SERIES”

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous block grafts harvested from mandibular symphysis without barrier membrane in severe maxillary anterior ridge defects. Materials and methods: Six healthy patients with horizontal defects of the maxillary alveolar ridges were selected for alveolar ridge augmentation (class IV atrophy according to Benic and Hammerle classification). These defects were treated by autogenous block onlay grafts harvested from mandibular symphysis protected by anorganic bovine bone particles only. Bone width was assessed preoperative, immediately post-operative and after 6 months at re-entry by cone beam computed tomography. Result: All block grafts sites provided sufficient ridge width for proper implant placement. Mean bone gain was 3.9mm. No soft tissue dehiscence occurred in any of the cases. Conclusion: A combination of autogenous block graft obtained from the symphysis, combined with particulates xenograft alone without barrier membrane is a predictable and successful technique for augmenting maxillary horizontal ridge deficiency.
Dynamics of Steroid Secretions in Rats

In spite of the vast information available on hormone secretions and their levels in blood, there is a paucity of information in age related changes in the dynamics of steroid metabolism in male rats. Also, few investigations exsist concerning the metabolic clearance rates (M.C.R.) of steroids in blood of female rats. This thesis consists of two parts, the first part deals with changes in M.C. R. in aging male rats and the second part in pregnant rats. It examined these changes relative to testosterone (T), estradiol (Ez), and progesterone (P), using the non-equilibrium single dose injection method. 3H-steroids were administered via the cannulated jugular vein. Sequential blood samplings were obtained up to 150 min. 3 H-steroids were extracted, processed by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and the radioactive steroids were quantified with liquid scintillation spectrometer. Results were analysed by the computer using the 'peel-off' method for a two-compartment model. In aging studies M.C. R. and production rate of T were found significantly higher in young male rats when compared with aged rats. Half-life (t~ ~) in the outer pool was significantly higher in the old ~ rats than in young rats while t'\o< in the inner pool did not change significantly between both aging groups. However, the M.C. R. for E"2.and P remained unchanged in both groups. Chronically castrated animals of both age groups showed significant decline in M.C. R. of T and increased in t\~when compared with their respective intact controls. M.C. R. of T in young or old castrated rats previously injected with T were restored to values similar to those young intact rats. From these results it is concluded that the age-related changes in M.C. R. of testosterone are due
Protective Effect of p-Coumaric Acid as Free Oxygen Radical Scavenger in Experimental Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Model

OZET Amac: Bu calismanin amaci, sican bobrek dokusunda iskemi-reperfuzyona bagli doku hasari uzerine p-kumarik asit (p-CA)’in antioksidan etkisini degerlendirmektir. Gerec ve Yontemler: 12-16 haftalik 200-250 gr otuz iki adet Wistar Albino cinsi disi sican temin edildi. Sicanlara intraperitonal olarak ketamine (75 mg/kg) ve xylazine (8 mg/kg) anestezisi altinda sirt bolgesinden yapilan bir kesi ile sag nefrektomi uygulandi. Bu sicanlar randomize olarak dort gruba esit olarak bolundu (n=8). Gruplar; sham (S), renal iskemi-reperfuzyon (R-IR), R-IR ile 50 mg/kg p-kumarik asit (p-CA 50) ve R-IR ile 100 mg/kg p-kumarik asit (p-CA 100) uygulanan grup olarak siniflandirildi. Sham haric diger gruplardaki sicanlarin sirt bolgesi acilip sag nefrektomi yapildiktan sonra sol renal arter klemplenerek iskemi ve reperfuzyon protokolu uygulandi. P-kumarik asit iskemiden 60 dk once ve reperfuzyon baslangicindan 30 dk once olmak uzere iki doz seklinde uygulandi. Islemler tamamlandiktan sonra sol bobrek total antioksidan duzeyi (TAS), total oksidan duzeyi (TOS), superoksit dismutaz (SOD), malondialdehit (MDA) ve myeloperoksidaz (MPO) seviyeleri spektrofotometrik yontemlerle olculdu. Oksidatif stres indeksi (OSI) hesaplandi. Bulgular: R-IR grubunda S ile karsilastirildiginda TAS ve SOD degeri duserken, TOS, MDA, MPO ve OSI degerleri yukseldi (p<0.01). P-CA uygulanan gruplarda TAS ve SOD degerinde yukselme, TOS, MDA ve MPO degerlerinde ise dusme gozlendi. (p<0.05). Sonuc: Bulgularimiz, renal iskemi reperfuzyon hasarinda p-CA uygulamasinin oksidan hasari azaltarak dokunun korunmasinda rol oynayabilecegini gostermektedir.
Atomic Resolution X-Ray Crystal Structure of HIV-1 Protease in Complex with Atazanavir

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pandemic that has infected nearly 1% of the world population. Despite numerous FDA approved antiviral drugs, HIV drug resistance remains a large challenge. HIV protease is an enzyme that is required by the virus to cleave Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins into functional and structural proteins necessary for viral maturation. Currently, nine clinical inhibitors target HIV protease, but multiple clinical viral strains have developed resistance to these drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to continue developing new drugs to tackle the problem of HIV drug resistance, and X-ray crystallography is one tool that is used to study how drug candidates bind to HIV-1 protease. In order to study the interactions between inhibitor atazanavir and HIV-1 protease, the crystal structure of the complex has been solved at atomic resolution (1.09 Å). This structure will improve the design of new inhibitors for resistant protease. INDEX WORDS: Crystallography, Human immunodeficiency virus, Structural biology ATOMIC RESOLUTION X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HIV-1 PROTEASE IN COMPLEX WITH ATAZANAVIR