Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Compounds and Pharmacological Properties of Larrea tridentata

For centuries, traditional medicine from plants (phytotherapy) was the only treatment for infectious and non-infectious diseases. Although it is still practiced in several countries with excellent therapeutic results, it is frequently underestimated because, unlike Western medicine, it is not based on an empirical scientific foundation. However, interest in the search for plant-based therapeutic resources has been stimulated by disciplines such as phytochemistry and the side effects of conventional pharmacological therapies. For example, Larrea tridentata is a perennial shrub used in traditional medicine in northern Mexico and the southern United States to treat infertility, rheumatism, arthritis, colds, diarrhea, skin problems, pain, inflammation and excess body weight. Scientific research has revealed its beneficial effects—antioxidant, antitumor, neuroprotective, regenerative, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anthelmintic, antiprotozoal and insecticidal—although reports indicate that some compounds in Larrea tridentata may be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic. Therefore, the aim of this review was to highlight the updates regarding phytochemical compounds and the pharmacological properties of Larrea tridentata.
Understanding Waiting Time from Graduation to First Employment: Survival Analysis-Based Evidence from Ethiopia

Most students considered that having a university degree is sufficient to be employed. However, obtaining a job after graduation becomes challenging, especially in developing countries. As a result, some graduates have to wait a considerable amount of time to get their first job. We estimated the average waiting time for first employment for 2019 first-degree graduates from Debre Markos University (Burie campus), Ethiopia. The median waiting time for the first employment of graduates was 35 weeks, showing that 50% of graduates managed to secure their first job 35 weeks after graduation. In addition, Cox proportional hazard and log-normal accelerated failure time models were fitted to model waiting time for first employment with various factors. It was found that cumulative grade point average, gender, internship, and age of the graduates were significant factors that affect the waiting time for first employment of graduates. Finally, we documented that though cumulative grade point average is important to pass the first phase of elimination criteria, it is not the only metric that employers consider.
The Photodegradation of Lignin Methoxyl C Promotes Fungal Decomposition of Lignin Aromatic C Measured with 13C-CPMAS NMR

Solar radiation has been regarded as a driver of litter decomposition in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Photodegradation of litter organic carbon (C) depends on chemical composition and water availability. However, the chemical changes in organic C that respond to solar radiation interacting with water pulses remain unknown. To explain changes in the chemical components of litter organic C exposed to UV-B, UV-A, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) mediated by water pulses, we measured the chemistry of marcescent Lindera glauca leaf litter by solid-state 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) over 494 days of litter decomposition with a microcosm experiment. Abiotic and biotic factors regulated litter decomposition via three pathways: first, photochemical mineralization of lignin methoxyl C rather than aromatic C exposed to UV radiation; second, the biological oxidation and leaching of cellulose O-alkyl C exposed to PAR and UV radiation interacts with water pulses; and third, the photopriming effect of UV radiation on lignin aromatic C rather than cellulose O-alkyl C under the interaction between radiation and water pulses. The robust decomposition index that explained the changes in the mass loss was the ratio of aromatic C to O-alkyl C (AR/OA) under radiation, but the ratio of hydrophobic to hydrophilic C (hydrophobicity), the carbohydrate C to methoxyl C ratio (CC/MC), and the alkyl C to O-alkyl C ratio (A/OA) under radiation were mediated by water pulses. Moreover, the photopriming effect and water availability promoted the potential activities of peroxidase and phenol oxidase associated with lignin degradation secreted by fungi. Our results suggest that direct photodegradation of lignin methoxyl C increases microbial accessibility to lignin aromatic C. Photo-oxidized compounds might be an additional C pool to regulate the stability of the soil C pool derived from plant litter by degrading lignin methoxyl and aromatic C.
Knowledge Dynamics and Phronesis in Performing Family Business

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of knowledge dynamics and phronesis in performing family business and show that both constructs constitute core competencies for these specific organizations within the Romanian economic environment. Knowledge dynamics have different interpretations depending on the metaphorical thinking used in conceptualizing knowledge. We based our research on the energy metaphor and the theory of knowledge fields, adopting a thermodynamics perspective. Rational, emotional, and spiritual knowledge interact continuously, and each form of knowledge can be transformed into another form, like in thermodynamics. Aristotle introduced Phronesis when he explained that knowledge manifests in one of the following fundamental forms: episteme, techne, and phronesis. Phronesis represents prudence or practical wisdom in making decisions. Aristotle remarks that phronesis is concerned with action about good or bad things for the human being, underlying the spiritual characteristic of this form of knowledge. Today, there is a significant trend in the knowledge management research reflecting the need to better understand the role of knowledge dynamics and phronesis in developing wise organizations (see for instance, the recent book published by Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi, and the works published by Raysa Rocha and Paulo Pinheiro). The present research focuses on the role of knowledge dynamics and phronesis in the family business, considering that relations between the family members differ from employees' relations in a company, from emotional and spiritual points of view. We performed qualitative research based on a series of interviews with members of such a family business. We processed the qualitative data based on the grounded theory. Findings demonstrate that knowledge dynamics and phronesis play a significant role in the process of decision making and achieving a competitive advantage in the business environment.
Deep Learning for Automatic Differentiation of Mucinous versus Non-Mucinous Pancreatic Cystic Lesions: A Pilot Study

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) morphology can aid in the discrimination between mucinous and non-mucinous pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) but has several limitations that can be overcome by artificial intelligence. We developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm for the automatic diagnosis of mucinous PCLs. Images retrieved from videos of EUS examinations for PCL characterization were used for the development, training, and validation of a CNN for mucinous cyst diagnosis. The performance of the CNN was measured calculating the area under the receiving operator characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. A total of 5505 images from 28 pancreatic cysts were used (3725 from mucinous lesions and 1780 from non-mucinous cysts). The model had an overall accuracy of 98.5%, sensitivity of 98.3%, specificity of 98.9% and AUC of 1. The image processing speed of the CNN was 7.2 ms per frame. We developed a deep learning algorithm that differentiated mucinous and non-mucinous cysts with high accuracy. The present CNN may constitute an important tool to help risk stratify PCLs.
Emergency Cesarean Section in a COVID-19 Patient with Antepartum Hemorrhage: A Case Report

Introduction: Perioperative management of patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could be extremely challenging in order to keep the bal-ance between providing optimal medical care and protecting health-care providers from the risk of infection. Also the respiratory effect of COVID 19 could also alter the course and outcome of surgery. Aim: We aim to report a 30-year-old COVID-19 patient who had emergency cesarean section on account of placenta praevia. Methodology: The cesarean section was done under subarachnoid block while there was no significant event perioperatively while preventive measures were taken to avoid cross infection with the man-aging team. Results: The patient had a safe anesthesia and surgery. Polyme-rase Chain Reaction (PCR) test was done fourth day after surgery was negative for the mother and child.
On zero-sum stochastic games with general state space

Abstract: The present paper treats of discrete-time stationary model s of stochastic games with an abstract measurable state space and separable metric action spaces. Under different assumptions on the state space, action spaces , the reward function, and the law of motion (assumptions (M1), (M2), (M3)), a full solution of the finite horizon models is given. To ensure the existence of value in the in finite horizon models we impose some convergence conditions (conditions (D) and ( P)) on the expected rewards, thus including the discounted case. The proofs of the existence of optimal (or ε-optimal) strategies for both players rely on iterative, fin ite horizon to infinite horizon methods.
The Renaissance of Performance Appraisal: Engaging Public Employees Through Perceived Developmental Purpose and Justice

Performance appraisal is recognized as a powerful human resource management (HRM) practice. However, its effectiveness depends on how public employees perceive appraisal systems. Based on the Social Exchange Theory, this study aims to empirically explore the impact of the perceived developmental purpose of performance appraisal on a relevant and critical individual attitude in public HRM literature, such as work engagement. Additionally, the study investigates perceived performance appraisal justice as a potential mediator of such a relationship. The analysis of an online survey administered to 1,482 Italian civil servants through a structural equation model shows that perceived developmental appraisal has a positive impact on the work engagement of public employees. This relationship is partially mediated by interactional performance appraisal justice perceptions, while distributive and procedural justice do not significantly affect work engagement. This contribution addresses specific research gaps in the public sector HRM literature. Our results suggest that public organizations can enhance engagement through perceived developmental, interactional, and fair performance appraisal systems.
Performance of Priestley–Taylor model for estimating evaporation with and without snow coverage over a temperate meadow in Inner Mongolia, China

To promote the awareness of Priestley–Taylor (PT) model and extend the knowledge of hydrological model under snow, performance of PT model was illustrated by comparing with eddy covariance (EC) measurements over a temperate meadow. The results showed that the mean half‐hourly averages and directly calculated daily value of PT parameter α is 0.47 ± 0.27 and 0.51 ± 0.32, respectively. Vapour pressure deficit VPD is the mainly factor influences α in the snow‐covered period, while soil moisture in the snow‐free period. PT method underestimated evaporation in the whole study period and showed remarkable difference in different phases. It performed best in the snow‐melting phase, better in the presnow phase, worse in the fresh snow phase and worst in the snow‐melted phase. These studies indicated that PT model could be used to estimate evaporation over temperate meadow in dormant season, but utility of a variable PT parameter α during different phases should be considered.
The Couette-Taylor Problem

This monograph presents a systematic and unified approach to the non-linear stability problem and transitions in the Couette-Taylor problem, by the means of analytic and constructive methods. The most "elementary" one-parameter theory is first presented. More complex situations are then analyzed (mode interactions, imperfections, non-spatially periodic patterns). The whole analysis is based on the mathematically rigorous theory of centre manifold and normal forms, and symmetries are fully taken into account. These methods are very general and can be applied to other hydrodynamical instabilities, or more generally to physical problems modelled by partial differential equations.
P-type ohmic contacts of MBenes with MoS2 for nanodevices and logic circuits

Based on first-principles calculations and quantum transport simulations, we systematically investigate the possibility of using two-dimensional transition metal borides (MBenes) as electrodes for two-dimensional monolayer MoS2 via interfacial interactions, band bending, vertical Schottky barrier, tunneling probability, and lateral Schottky barrier. The weak interaction between the functionalized MBenes and MoS2 results in MoS2 retaining its original intrinsic properties while significantly reducing the Fermi level pinning effect; this, is perfectly consistent with the revised Schottky–Mott model after considering charge redistribution. Combined with band calculations and device local projection density of states, MoS2/TiBO, MoS2/TiBF, and MoS2/MoBO, either with the vertical hole Schottky barrier or the lateral hole Schottky barrier, are negative, forming p-type ohmic contacts. Our work provides theoretical guidance for constructing high-performance nanodevices and MoS2-based logic circuits for large-scale integrated circuits. We demonstrate the outstanding potential of MBenes as electrodes for nanodevices.
Moroccan CPGE Students’ Critical Thinking Skills and Learning Approaches: The Case of Moulay Ismail CPGE Classes

Critical thinking is one of the core soft skills required and highly appreciated to integrate into the job market. Moroccan preparatory classes (henceforth CPGE) are considered one of the educational institutions that aim to train future managers and engineers by boosting students’ cognitive abilities, notably critical thinking. However, an appropriate approach to learning is necessary for efficient critical thinking-based instruction; effective development of students learning approach certainly can contribute to the development of students’ cognitive abilities. Accordingly, this study aims at examining learning approaches and critical thinking skills levels from the CPGE teachers’ and students’ perspectives. It also tries to investigate the relationship between CPGE students’ critical thinking skills level and their use of different approaches to learning. Finally, the study considers some techniques and methods used by CPGE teachers to improve students’ learning approaches and, by extension, their critical thinking skills level. The study includes 60 students studying at Moulay Ismail CPGE Center, Meknes, and 32 teachers from different Moroccan CPGE centers. The concept of triangulation is used in this paper to cross-examine the findings and increase their reliability and credibility. The results yield that CPGE students learning approaches and critical thinking are mediocre; as for the relationship between the two variables, the analysis of the findings revealed a positive significant correlation between critical thinking learning and a deep approach to learning; the more CPGE students tend to rely on deep approaches to learning, the more they manage to improve their level of critical thinking skills.
Nonlinear Analysis of Stability and Safety of Optimal Velocity Model Vehicle Groups on Ring Roads

In this work, we study a group of $N$ homogeneous vehicles travelling on a ring road by describing the collective vehicle dynamics via the so-called Optimal Velocity Model (OVM). We analyze the stability of the equilibrium motion regime in which all vehicles drive at the same speed and keep the same headway. First, stability is studied through linearization, thereby highlighting the roles of the model parameters. Next, we tackle the full nonlinear model and we determine ellipsoidal estimates of the equilibrium’s region of attraction by defining and solving suitable Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). Finally, safety aspects are discussed, incorporated in our LMI formulation as lower bounds of the inter-vehicle distances, and illustrated via simulations.
Examining compliance with domestic human rights bodies: The case of truth commission recommendations

Abstract Human rights compliance research neglects recommendations from national human rights institutions and other domestic bodies. In particular, the implementation of recommendations issued by temporary truth commissions remains underexplored. We use data from Skaar et al. (2022a) to address this gap. Specifically, we apply multilevel ordered logistic regression to data on the implementation of recommendations made by 11 Latin American truth commissions to measure state compliance. We find that compliance is lower when truth commissions issue many recommendations. Backward-looking recommendations are more infrequently implemented. Conversely, legal reform recommendations are more likely to be implemented. Finally, variables commonly associated with truth commission success, such as the nature of the transition and civil society strength, are not significant. Thus, we advance understanding of human rights compliance and offer prescriptions for how truth commissions should craft their recommendations and, ultimately, maximize their impact.
Superconductivity Emerging near Quantum Critical Point of Valence Transition(Condensed Matter: Electronic Structure, Electrical, Magnetic and Optical Properties)

The nature of the quantum valence transition is studied in the one-dimensional periodic Anderson model with Coulomb repulsion between f and conduction electrons by the density-matrix renormalization group method. It is found that the first-order valence transition emerges with the quantum critical point and the crossover from the Kondo to the mixed-valence states is strongly stabilized by quantum fluctuation and electron correlation. It is found that the superconducting correlation is developed in the Kondo regime near the sharp valence increase. The origin of the superconductivity is ascribed to the development of the coherent motion of electrons with enhanced valence fluctuation, which results in the enhancement of the charge velocity, but not of the charge compressibility. Statements on the valence transition in connection with Ce metal and Ce compounds are given.
Understanding adaptive gradient clipping in DP‐SGD, empirically

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP‐SGD) is a prime method for training machine learning models with rigorous privacy guarantees. Since its birth, DP‐SGD has gained popularity and has been widely adopted in both academic and industrial research. One well‐known challenge when using DP‐SGD is how to improve utility while maintaining privacy. To this end, recently we have seen several proposals that clip the gradients with adaptive thresholds rather than a fixed one. Although each proposal comes with some theoretical justification, the theories often rely on strong assumptions and are not compatible with each other. It is hard to know whether they are good in practice and how good they are. In this paper, we investigate adaptive clipping in DP‐SGD from an empirical perspective. With extensive experiments, we were able to gain some fresh insights and proposed two new adaptive clipping strategies based on them. We cross‐compared the existing methods and our new strategies experimentally. Results showed that our strategies did provide a substantial improvement in model accuracy, and outperformed the state‐of‐the‐art adaptive clipping methods consistently.
Health education and global health: Practices, applications, and future research

Health education is a crucial consideration in the healthcare system and has the potential to improve global health. Recently, researchers have expressed interest in streamlining health education, utilizing digital tools and flexible curriculums to make it more accessible, and expanding beyond disease and substance abuse prevention. They have also expressed interest in promoting global health through health and safety promotion programs. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, the refugee crisis, and overpopulation, healthcare crises are erupting all over the world. A lack of health education has and will continue to have a profound impact on community healthcare indicators, particularly in low-income nations. Current priorities within the health education sector include digitization, equity, and infectious disease prevention. Studies and data from university journals and other academic databases were analyzed in a literature review. Health education programs have a significant positive impact on attitudes and behaviors regarding global health. Improving upon these programs by digitizing them and expanding upon the scope of health education will help ensure that such interventions and programs make a significant difference.
Truly Absent or Sampling Gaps? Insights on the Potential Distribution of Duttaphrynus hololius (Günther, 1876) from Peninsular India

Abstract: Duttaphrynus hololius is an uncommon species of toad presumably endemic to peninsular India. Since the original description, no records originated from the type locality “Malabar” or the Western Ghats. At the same time, several authors reported it from the other parts of peninsular India and the Eastern Ghats. This led to confusion and made previous workers question the true origin of the type locality of D. hololius. Some works also predict the distribution of this species based on niche modelling techniques. This work provides new records from the Western Ghats and vicinity for the first time after its description with new molecular data. We also discuss pre-colonial and colonial “Malabar” and predict the suitable range of D. hololius under different climatic scenarios based on the further analysis carried out herein using the species distribution modelling approach.
Characteristics of Patients Who Visit Urologic Outpatient Department via Health Promotion Center

Purpose: Health examination is one of the methods to make the diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. To evaluate factors leading to the visit to the outpatient department (OPD) in patients at the health promotion center (HPC) who did not undergo urology treatment.Materials and Methods: This observational study was based on data from an HPC database of 2,700 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound between March 2018 and February 2021. Of these, 264 patients visited OPD. Factors affecting OPD visits, such as colonoscopy at HPC and daily fluid intake, were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors to predict the visit to OPD.Results: Age (p<0.001) and diagnosis of overactive bladder (p<0.001) were significantly correlated with the severity of the total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS); however, colonoscopy evaluation at HPC and daily fluid intake did not correlate. Prostate volume (PV) (p=0.002) and total IPSS (p<0.001) were identified as predictive factors for the visit at OPD via HPC. The cutoff value of total IPSS and PV were 12 points and 26.7 cm3. The total IPSS (8–11) at HPC group presented higher total IPSS at OPD and the total IPSS (12–19) at HPC group showed lesser total IPSS at OPD (1.9±2.8 vs. -1.0±4.2, p=0.008). Conclusions: Twelve or more total IPSS is a significant factor that determines the OPD visit. At HPC, the primary care physician should be considered to recommend OPD to patients who have 12 or more total IPSS and 26.7 cm3 or more PV at the same time.