Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Extent to which Grade 4 English First Additional Language Workbooks Cater for Learners' Multiple Intelligences

One efficient way through which learners can achieve learning outcomes is the implementation of multiple intelligences, which was proposed by Gardner in 1983. Gardner postulates that individuals have eight clear intellectual potentials which work together to survive in the world, all of which should be developed in the classroom. The study aims to establish manifestations of multiple intelligences in Grade 4 English First Additional Language workbooks currently in use in South African schools, especially as reflected in the teaching and learning activities given to the learners. Since the ubiquitous workbooks are vital in the presentation of educational curriculum in the South African contexts, their reflection of multiple intelligences would optimize diverse learners’ content reception and retention. The cognitive profile was largely intrapersonal and verbal-linguistic, according to a content analysis of the two 2021 Grade 4 English FAL workbooks. The type of intelligence that was identified least was the naturalistic intelligence, while the musical intelligence was completely missing. There was no equitable or balanced distribution or reflection of intelligence types in each of the workbooks. It is recommended that textbook/workbook writers and teachers infuse in their instructional material, activities that serve all the intelligences of learners. In such manner, no learner is left behind as everyone’s learning style is accommodated, and instruction is rendered at the learners’ own terms and not the instructors’ convenience.
A Systematic Literature Review on Impact and Challenges in the Implementation of Online Learning among Accounting Teachers and Students

Teaching and learning utilizing electronic resources has become more prominent. The implementation of online learning in accounting has had an impact and created challenges for students and teachers alike. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to identify the impact and challenges faced by them in implementing online learning of accounting. Surveys on articles were conducted between 2017-2021 using three databases namely ERIC, Mendeley and Scopus. The findings show that online learning had no negative impact on teachers and only shows positive impact in the easy delivery of lessons by teachers. Technology makes the learning process orderly. Positive impact was noted among students too, in terms of improvement in the achievement of the subject and a positive attitude towards it. The negative impact of online learning implementation is that there are students who are stressed because they are less interested in using different learning approaches which slates towards traditional methods. Among the challenges in the implementation of online learning of accounting by students are the lack of technological devices as well as limited access to computers and the internet. While the challenge for teachers lies in the lack of knowledge and skills in executing online learning. Various programmes or workshops need to be designed to enhance skills and improve confidence while implementing online learning of accounting among teachers and students.
8-oxoguanine and 8-oxodeoxyguanosine Biomarkers of Oxidative DNA Damage: A Review on HPLC–ECD Determination

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced in living cells due to metabolic and biochemical reactions and due to exposure to physical, chemical and biological agents. Excessive ROS cause oxidative stress and lead to oxidative DNA damage. Within ROS-mediated DNA lesions, 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) and its nucleotide 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG)—the guanine and deoxyguanosine oxidation products, respectively, are regarded as the most significant biomarkers for oxidative DNA damage. The quantification of 8-oxoG and 8-oxodG in urine, blood, tissue and saliva is essential, being employed to determine the overall effects of oxidative stress and to assess the risk, diagnose, and evaluate the treatment of autoimmune, inflammatory, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and other age-related diseases. High-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC–ECD) is largely employed for 8-oxoG and 8-oxodG determination in biological samples due to its high selectivity and sensitivity, down to the femtomolar range. This review seeks to provide an exhaustive analysis of the most recent reports on the HPLC–ECD determination of 8-oxoG and 8-oxodG in cellular DNA and body fluids, which is relevant for health research.
The Effects of Mobile Games on Elementary School Students' Achievement in Aceh

Research into mobile game addiction has increased over the previous two decades. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between on-line mobile gaming and academic performances among adolescent students in Aceh's elementary schools. The study revealed that boys are more of a player compared to girls who often play games and those who play online games are around 11-12 years old have an average playing time 3-5 hours/day. The research population consisted of elementary students from Aceh, with a sample size of 55 pupils. Included in the study was the Game Addiction Scale (Lemmens et al., 2009). Then, using regression analysis, the hypothesis was tested. From the finding, we can conclude that academic performance was found to be negatively associated with online gaming. This is owing to the fact that playing games for long periods of time reduces their ability to focus on academic tasks. This study can serve as a reference to adolescents online gaming habits, which could be a factor affecting their academic achievement.
Parenting Styles and Self-Esteem: A Study of Lebanese Adolescents

Purpose: This study aimed at identifying the prevailing parenting styles in the Bekaa region- (Lebanon) from adolescents’ perspective. In addition, it aimed at detecting the adolescents’ self-esteem levels, and the relationships between parenting styles and adolescents’ self-esteem. Approach/Methodology/Design: A purposeful sample of 728 students completed the study questionnaire. The questionnaire was adapted from previous studies and its validity and reliability were established. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach for the purpose of data collection and data analysis. Findings: The results showed that the prevailing parenting style as perceived by adolescents in Bekaa is the authoritative style (88%). Another finding was that 78.3% of the adolescents have normal levels of self-esteem. Moreover, Pearson’s r showed a moderate, positive and significant correlation between self-esteem and authoritative parenting style and a weak, negative correlation between self-esteem and both authoritarian and permissive parenting styles. Linear regression analysis indicated that the three parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative and permissive) and father's educational level are the predictors of self-esteem. Originality/value: The value of this study lies in serving the community by highlighting some points that play an important role in shaping and forming the personality of our children who, in turn, will be active members of our society.
Displacement without Redistribution: Practicality and Reproduction in the Digitalization of Logistics

This article analyzes how capitalism is being reproduced through the digitalization of logistics. I examine two cases where efforts are made to digitalize container shipping workflows: a set of global standards for shipping data and a new “sustainable” platform for streamlining the movement of ships through port. In both cases, conceptions and practices of practicality shape digital infrastructures in ways that help maintain the uneven distribution of technology, goods, and capacities in times of otherwise drastic change. Shipping industry publicity tends to emphasize the newness of objects like self-driving cars, but much of the work of digitalizing occurs through the extensive, and comparatively invisible, data infrastructures that are being developed to digitalize processes for displacing goods. Through an analysis of how new digital infrastructures are being implemented, I argue that the narrow range of what is made to be practical under capitalism is reproduced through the ways in which shipping is being digitized. I seek to understand one key aspect of practicality in particular: efforts to maintain the displacement of certain forms of politics from logistics. Such efforts reproduce logistics as a technocratic science while marking, for example, labor and antiracist politics as outside the bounds of consideration. Logistical agents are thus shaping digitalization into a process that is implemented only insofar as it reproduces existing injustice.
Vesicular MicroRNA as Potential Biomarkers of Viral Rebound

Changes in the cellular microRNA (miRNA) expression profile in response to HIV infection, replication or latency have been reported. Nevertheless, little is known concerning the abundance of miRNA in extracellular vesicles (EVs). In the search for a reliable predictor of viral rebound, we quantified the amount of miR-29a, miR-146a, and miR-155 in two types of plasma extracellular vesicles. Venous blood was collected from 235 ART-treated and ART-naive persons living with HIV (85 with ongoing viral replication, ≥20 copies/mL) and 60 HIV-negative participants at five HIV testing or treatment centers in Burkina Faso. Large and small plasma EVs were purified and counted, and mature miRNA miR-29a, miR-146a, and miR-155 were measured by RT-qPCR. Diagnostic performance of miRNA levels in large and small EVs was evaluated by a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The median duration of HIV infection was 36 months (IQR 14–117). The median duration of ART was 34 months (IQR 13–85). The virus was undetectable in 63.8% of these persons. In the others, viral load ranged from 108 to 33,978 copies/mL (median = 30,032). Large EVs were more abundant in viremic participants than aviremic. All three miRNAs were significantly more abundant in small EVs in persons with detectable HIV RNA, and their expression levels in copies per vesicle were a more reliable indicator of viral replication in ART-treated patients with low viremia (20–1000 copies/mL). HIV replication increased the production of large EVs more than small EVs. Combined with viral load measurement, quantifying EV-associated miRNA abundance relative to the number of vesicles provides a more reliable marker of the viral status. The expression level as copies per small vesicle could predict the viral rebound in ART-treated patients with undetectable viral loads.
The flexibility in choosing distinct Green’s functions for the boundary wall method: waveguides and billiards

The boundary wall method (BWM) is a general purpose protocol to treat boundary value problems for wave equations, specially Helmholtz’s (the case addressed here). Similarly to most approaches, the BWM may be computationally demanding for large borders C , at which the wave function must satisfy specified boundary conditions. Also, despite the fact the BWM is an exact procedure, usually it is not amenable to closed form solutions. The BWM relies on the Green’s function G 0 of the embedding domain V of C . However, in many instances—like for C modeling a billiard—the specific V is not really fundamental and thus one has a certain freedom to choose distinct domains and so G 0’s. Here we consider this characteristic of the BWM and show how to obtain some analytical results and solve numerically semi-infinite waveguides by exploring proper Green’s functions. As examples, we discuss rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal structures with both Dirichlet and leaking boundaries as well as scattering states within semi-infinite rectangular waveguides.
Oxidative Stress Has a Negative Effect on the Development and Progression of Bladder Cancer

OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the oxidant-antioxidant capacity in bladder cancer according to invasion and degree. METHODS Forty-six patients with bladder cancer and 50 healthy volunteers were included in the study. After 12 h of fasting, 4cc of blood venous blood was taken from these patients. Then, after centrifugation at 5000 rpms for 10 min, the serum portion of the study was completed. The activities of arylesterase (ARE), paraoxanase-1 (PON-1), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S transferase, and protein carbonyl (PC) in serum were measured spectrophotometrically.
Developments in UK police wellbeing: A review of blue light wellbeing frameworks

Policing demands are widely acknowledged to negatively impact on the physical and mental health of police officers and staff. Research has documented the need for greater insight into the stressors and trauma that impact police officers, with a current national drive towards enhancing the police wellbeing agenda: namely, Oscar Kilo and the National Wellbeing Service. To understand the current wellbeing strategies in place, 34 Blue Light Wellbeing Frameworks were analysed. A mixed methods approach was adopted: quantitative data was descriptively examined, with thematic analyses employed to explore the qualitative data. Findings from the review highlight developments in police wellbeing, as well as areas for future development.
Grain Yield Stability of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids using Ammi Model and GGE Biplot Analysis

Six maize hybrids; Khumal Hybrid-2, KML-5(A) × KYM-33, KML-8(A) × KYM-33, KWM-91 × KWM-93, KWM-92 × KWM-93, Super-951 were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Bhotechaur (Sindhupalchowk), Mandan Deupur (Kavrepalachowk), and Khumaltar (Lalitpur), Nepal to identify stable and superior hybrids. Hybrids were found significant (p<0.01) for grain yield. The effects of environment and genotype × environment (G × E) interactions on grain yield were found to be significant (p<0.01). The combined analysis showed that KWM-91 × KWM-93 produced the highest grain yield (8.89 t ha-1) across all locations, followed by KWM-92 × KWM-93 (8.60 t ha-1), which was at par with each other. The hybrids; KWM-92 × KWM-93 (bi=0.84, CV=18.54%, SD=1.59) and KWM-91 × KWM-93 (bi=1.16, CV=22.37 %, SD=1.99) were found to be more stable, with regression coefficient (bi) nearly equal to unity (1) and grain yields above the grand mean yield. The GGE biplot revealed that KWM-91 × KWM-93 was the most responsive hybrid for Mandandeupur and Bhotechaur environments; whereas, KWM-92 × KWM-93 was for the Khumaltar environment. Hybrid KWM-91 × KWM-93 was the most stably yielding hybrid among all hybrids. This study suggests that KWM-91 × KWM-93 can be promoted for cultivation in mid hills of Nepal. SAARC J. Agric. , 19(2): 107-121 (2021)
Negative campaigning

This paper develops an argumentative perspective on attacks in political election campaigns. The perspective highlights the role that attack ads play in the justification of vote claims aiming to advance our understanding of the notorious practice and to bring about a nuanced assessment of its benefits and risks. In the examination, special attention is paid to the argumentative potential that links a certain criticism of an adversary to the defense of the negative vote against the adversary as well as to the defense of the positive vote claim in favor of a campaign’s candidate. Considering the argumentative potential is especially beneficial for capturing the role of attacks in important political processes, including accountability and the stimulation of an informed public political participation.
Experimental multi-state quantum discrimination through optical networks

Developing strategies to effectively discriminate between different quantum states is a fundamental issue in quantum information and communication. The actual realization of generally optimal protocols in this task is often limited by the need of supplemental resources and very complex receivers. We have experimentally implemented two discrimination schemes in a minimum-error scenario based on a receiver featured by a network structure and a dynamical processing of information. The first protocol implemented in our experiment, directly inspired to a recent theoretical proposal, achieves binary optimal discrimination, while the second one provides a novel approach to multi-state quantum discrimination, relying on the dynamical features of the network-like receiver. This strategy exploits the arrival time degree of freedom as an encoding variable, achieving optimal results, without the need for supplemental systems or devices. Our results further reveal the potential of dynamical approaches to quantum state discrimination tasks, providing a possible starting point for efficient alternatives to current experimental strategies.
What Justifies Our Bias Toward the Future?

ABSTRACT A person is biased toward the future when she prefers, other things being equal, bad events to be in her past rather than her future, or good ones to be in her future rather than her past. In this paper, I explain why both critics and defenders of future bias have failed to consider the best version of the view. I distinguish external time from personal time, and argue that future bias is best construed in terms of the latter. This conception of future bias avoids several standard objections. I then consider a new justification of future bias which is consistent with that construal. My discussion points to a new position regarding the basic relation that grounds rational egoistic concern over time, according to which that relation is asymmetric between persons-stages. I also explain how this way of justifying future bias would resolve the apparent tension between the future bias that we display in our own case and our relative indifference to the timing of good and bad things that happen to other people.
Enzymatic Epoxidation of Long-Chain Terminal Alkenes by Fungal Peroxygenases

Terminal alkenes are among the most attractive starting materials for the synthesis of epoxides, which are essential and versatile intermediate building blocks for the pharmaceutical, flavoring, and polymer industries. Previous research on alkene epoxidation has focused on the use of several oxidizing agents and/or different enzymes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, as well as microbial whole-cell catalysts that have several drawbacks. Alternatively, we explored the ability of unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) to selectively epoxidize terminal alkenes. UPOs are attractive biocatalysts because they are robust extracellular enzymes and only require H2O2 as cosubstrate. Here, we show how several UPOs, such as those from Cyclocybe (Agrocybe) aegerita (AaeUPO), Marasmius rotula (MroUPO), Coprinopsis cinerea (rCciUPO), Humicola insolens (rHinUPO), and Daldinia caldariorum (rDcaUPO), are able to catalyze the epoxidation of long-chain terminal alkenes (from C12:1 to C20:1) after an initial optimization of several reaction parameters (cosolvent, cosubstrate, and pH). In addition to terminal epoxides, alkenols and other hydroxylated derivatives of the alkenes were formed. Although all UPOs were able to convert and epoxidize the alkenes, notable differences were observed between them, with rCciUPO being responsible for the highest substrate turnover and MroUPO being the most selective with respect to terminal epoxidation. The potential of peroxygenases for epoxidizing long-chain terminal alkenes represents an interesting and green alternative to the existing synthesis technologies.
A Review on the End-of-Life Care

There is a huge distinction between death occurrences and believes in the past and that of the present. The level of death occurrence in the present is increasing compared to the past, and it is influenced by population increase, globalization, global warming, internet penetration, and various discoveries. According to Carlet et al (2004), death is frequently a private, religious or spiritual event with a group of family members and friends gathered around the victim. However, as death becomes a topic of public concern and more technical procedures are introduced to avoid or facilitate dying, the picture of death is changing [1]. End-of-life care for families and their patients has been a hot topic for the past two to three decades. This could be in consequence of a variety of factors, such as the shifting away from a solely medical perspective and toward a more holistic approach to caring. [2], for example, said that the early 1970s saw a transition away from a strictly biomedical survival perspective and toward a dual perspective. This includes focusing care on saving lives and enhancing medical identities, as well as taking care of family members and developing numerous social identities. Supporting life procedures and modern technology introduced to the treatment process contribute to hospitalized patients’ disease becoming more severe [3].
PM2.5 decrease with precipitation as revealed by single‐point ground‐based observation

This study analyzed the observed data of precipitation and PM2.5 concentration collected over two and a half years at Tsujido, Fujisawa City, to examine a quantitative relationship between the two quantities. It was observed that the PM2.5 concentration decreased as precipitation increased. A composite analysis revealed that the PM2.5 concentration on average decreases by 20.99% 1 h after the onset of precipitation as compared to that 1 h before, which is statistically significant based on a paired t‐test. The PM2.5 concentrations decreased over 8 h period from 5 h (−5 h) before to 3 h (+3 h) after the onset of precipitation, with a particularly dramatic decrease at the onset of precipitation. Analysis of PM2.5 scavenging rates by precipitation intensity showed that the scavenging rate was 2.03% for light precipitation events, 28.15% for moderate precipitation events, and 26.75% for heavy precipitation events, indicating that the scavenging rate increased with moderate precipitation intensity and above. It is suggested that the deposition processes of rainout and washout are effective in reducing PM2.5 concentration with precipitation.
Best of both worlds: a model combining online and mixed reality learning environments based on cognitive affordances

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to evaluate cognitive affordances of two course designs: a Moodle-based online course and a mixed reality (MR) learning environment. The evaluation is done with a semi-structured qualitative survey based on Cognitive affordances of technology-framework. This study helps understand how different features of these environments support student learning. The study also proposes a model on how different learning environments can be combined to create more effective virtual learning environment designs. The results imply that the MR environment works well in experiential learning, discursive learning and supportive learning, which are, on the other hand, weaknesses of the online environment. The strength of the online environment is that it promotes critical thinking, conceptual change and self-regulated learning, which are weaknesses of the MR environment. Learning by doing is supported in both environments. The analysis shows that the two environments are complementary in terms of cognitive affordances and their parallel use in course design is therefore encouraged.