Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-Translational Modifications Of Olig2 Regulate Glioma Invasion Through The Tgf-Ã”Â2 Pathway

Recommended Citation Singh, Shiv K. ; Fiorelli, Roberto; Kupp, Robert; Rajan, Sindhu; Szeto, Emily; Cascio, Costanza Lo; Maire, Cecile L. ; Sun, Yu; Alberta, John A. ; Eschbacher, Jennifer M. ; Ligon, Keith L. ; Berens, Michael E. ; Sanai, Nader; and Mehta, Shwetal, "Post-Translational Modifications Of Olig2 Regulate Glioma Invasion Through The Tgf-Î2 Pathway" (2016). Neurobiology. 300. https://scholar.barrowneuro. org/neurobiology/300
Analysis of Molecular Mechanism of Erxian Decoction in Treating Osteoporosis Based on Formula Optimization Model

Osteoporosis (OP) is a highly prevalent orthopedic condition in postmenopausal women and the elderly. Currently, OP treatments mainly include bisphosphonates, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) antibody therapy, selective estrogen receptor modulators, teriparatide (PTH1-34), and menopausal hormone therapy. However, increasing evidence has indicated these treatments may exert serious side effects. In recent years, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has become popular for treating orthopedic disorders. Erxian Decoction (EXD) is widely used for the clinical treatment of OP, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear thanks to its multiple components and multiple target features. In this research, we designed a network pharmacology method, which used a novel node importance calculation model to identify critical response networks (CRNs) and effective proteins. Based on these proteins, a target coverage contribution (TCC) model was designed to infer a core active component group (CACG). This approach decoded the mechanisms underpinning EXD's role in OP therapy. Our data indicated that the drug response network mediated by the CACG effectively retained information of the component-target (C-T) network of pathogenic genes. Functional pathway enrichment analysis showed that EXD exerted therapeutic effects toward OP by targeting PI3K-Akt signaling (hsa04151), calcium signaling (hsa04020), apoptosis (hsa04210), estrogen signaling (hsa04915), and osteoclast differentiation (hsa04380) via JNK, AKT, and ERK. Our method furnishes a feasible methodological strategy for formula optimization and mechanism analysis and also supplies a reference scheme for the secondary development of the TCM formula.
Mask-Associated Dry Eye During COVID-19 Pandemic–How Face Masks Contribute to Dry Eye Disease Symptoms

Background: In the year 2020 we observe the world adapting to „new normal“ due to the COVID-19 pandemic, ways of which include physical distancing, hand hygiene, and wearing a face mask. There is no conclusive evidence about ocular manifestations of the new coronavirus infection, but cases of conjunctivitis, keratitis, and episcleritis have been reported in infected individuals. Objective: Determining if wearing a face mask during COVID-19 pandemic causes a new onset or deterioration of previously existing dry eye disease (DED). Methods: A prospective cohort study included 203 participants, all using surgical facemasks daily due to new regulations during COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completed a survey, containing modified Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. They were divided into groups according to: sex, age, duration of face mask-wear, and existence of prior DED history. Results: Our results indicate that women have a statistically higher OSDI score compared to men (14.4 (IQR = 2.4 – 41.7) vs. 5.0 (IQR = 0.0 – 24.4); P = . 004). Age did not significantly affect OSDI median values. Group that used masks from 3 to 6 hours/day demonstrated significantly higher OSDI scores compared to <3 hour/day group (15.3 (IQR = 8.3 – 47.7) vs. 8.3 (IQR = 0.0 – 35.1); P = . 001). OSDI score was significantly greater in participants with prior DED history compared to those without it (36.1 (IQR = 14.1 – 61.6) vs. 4.2 (IQR = 2.3 – 8.3); P <. 001). Participants with prior DED exhibited greater worsening of their disturbances during mask wearing period compared to the ones without previous DED (54.8% vs. 17.7%, Chi-Square 28.3 DF1; P <.001), regardless of daily mask wear duration. Conclusion: Our study confirmed the existence of mask-associated dry eye (MADE), most profoundly in females, subjects with a history of prior DED, and if wearing a face mask lasts longer than 3 hours per day. Ophthalmologists should advise their patients of the potential ocular surface health risks related to inadequately fitted facemasks.
Premature Birth: Social Support as a Predictor of Positive and Negative Aspects of Maternal Well-Being

A birth before the 37th week of pregnancy is considered premature birth. In Croatia, about 2500 children are born prematurely annually, and public awareness of the problems and consequences with which premature infants and their parents meet is extremely low. Prematurely born children are particularly sensitive in their infant age and during early development, which causes their parents to face many challenges. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to determine the level of stress, anxiety and depression in parents of premature children, and the correlations between measures of social support and some aspects of maternal well–being (stress, depression, anxiety, life satisfaction and post-traumatic growth). The study involved mothers with one child that was born prematurely (N = 164), at an average age of 33 years. The average age of the prematurely born children were 3 years, they were born 2 months before the term, and they were treated at the neonatal intensive care unit on the average of 44 days. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Post-traumatic Growth Questionnaire, and Social Support Scale have been applied. In line with the assumption of the protective role of social support from the negative effects of stress, significant negative relationships of social support of friends and families have been identified with anxiety, depression and stress measures. Consequently, mothers of prematurely born children who are receiving more support from friends and family are more satisfied with life and show more positive changes in personal strength, social relationships and life philosophy. The results of regression analysis show that the perception of depression, stress, anxiety, and life satisfaction mostly benefits from support to self-es-
Stem-Cell-Based Regenerative Therapies - Non Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: The Role and Evidence for

The use of non–stem-cell-based regenerative medicine therapies for lumbar discogenic pain is an area of growing interest. Although the intervertebral disc is a largely avascular structure, cells located within the nucleus pulposus as well as annulus fibrosis could be targeted for regenerative and restorative treatments. Degenerative disc disease is caused by an imbalance of catabolic and anabolic events within the nucleus pulposus. As catabolic processes overwhelm the environment within the nucleus pulposus, proinflammatory cytokines increase in concentration and lead to further disc degeneration. Non–stem-cell-based therapies, which include growth factor therapy and other proteins, can lead to an increased production of collagen and proteoglycans within the disc.
Depression, suicidality and associated risk factors among police officers in urban Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Background The WHO has classified depression as a disease of public concern. Police officers are a particular subpopulation group that is at an increased risk for mental health problems. This study examined the prevalence of depression, suicidality and associated risk factors among police officers in urban Tanzania. Aims The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of depression, suicidality and associated risk factors among police officers in Tanzania. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2019 and October 2020 among 550 participants in Dar es Salaam recruited using a multistage cluster sampling technique. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to screen for depression and suicidality. The Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12 tool was used to measure perceived social support. Descriptive statistics were summarised using frequencies and percentages. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to establish associations between predictors of interest, depression and suicidality. Results There were 497 participants in the study. Of these, 76.6% (376 of 491) were men, and the median (IQR) age was 37.0 (17) years. Around 19.8% (96 of 486) of the police officers screened positive for depression and 15.4% (75 of 413) for suicidality. A significant proportion was either moderately (29 of 96, 30.2%) or severely depressed (8 of 75, 10.7 %). Of those who experienced suicidal thoughts, 10.7% (8 of 75) reported having daily suicidal thoughts. Perceiving low social support was associated with an increased risk of reporting depression (adjusted OR (aOR): 28.04, 95% CI: 8.42 to 93.37, p<0.001) and suicidality (aOR: 10.85, 95% CI: 3.56 to 33.08, p<0.001) as compared with those with high perceived social support. Conclusion The magnitude of depression and suicidality among police officers in urban Tanzania is alarmingly high. The study findings indicate the need for routine screening for depression and suicidality among police officers and design appropriate mental health responsive services in this population.
Point‐Based Neural Rendering with Per‐View Optimization

There has recently been great interest in neural rendering methods. Some approaches use 3D geometry reconstructed with Multi‐View Stereo (MVS) but cannot recover from the errors of this process, while others directly learn a volumetric neural representation, but suffer from expensive training and inference. We introduce a general approach that is initialized with MVS, but allows further optimization of scene properties in the space of input views, including depth and reprojected features, resulting in improved novel‐view synthesis. A key element of our approach is our new differentiable point‐based pipeline, based on bi‐directional Elliptical Weighted Average splatting, a probabilistic depth test and effective camera selection. We use these elements together in our neural renderer, that outperforms all previous methods both in quality and speed in almost all scenes we tested. Our pipeline can be applied to multi‐view harmonization and stylization in addition to novel‐view synthesis.
Profitability and determinants of bank risk-taking in CEMAC

Results: It appears that economic profitability, as well as liquidity and gross domestic product, significantly reduces the bank risk-taking in the CEMAC while inflation and high equity encourage it. Originality/Relevance: To expand the empirical literature on the effects of profitability on the taking of banks in the CEMAC. Studies of this kind within the sub-region being quite rare Theoretical/methodological contributions: Mobilize different theoretical concepts in order to provide a corpus of the effects of profitability on banks' risk-taking. Social/management contributions: This study provides private and public decision-makers with a toolbox to deal with banks’risk-taking, the consequences of which can be harmful for society as a whole. JEL Classification: C23 G24 G32 Keys words: Economic profitability, financial profitability, bank risk-taking
Effect of IgG3 Hinge Region Length Polymorphisms on Iron Fortification among Rural Pre-School Ghanaian Children and Its Associated Risk to Malaria and Anaemia.

Sub-Saharan African pre-school children have an interdependence among immune response, infection resistance and adaptive effect of the dietary intake. However, the long hinge region of immunoglobulin G3 makes binding easy to malaria antigens and receptors, eliciting a more protective response among subclasses of immunoglobulin G. However, it is unknown if iron-containing multimicronutrients are associated with risk of anaemia and malaria in pre-school children with hinge region G3 immunoglobulin polymorphism living in high malaria transmission areas. We aimed to determine the impact of iron fortification in pre- chool children with immunoglobulin G3 hinge region length polymorphisms and their associated risk of malaria and anaemia in rural Ghana. This retrospective controlled, double blind, randomized population study was conducted over six months in rural Ghana among 6 to 35-month-old infants and young children. Participants were randomly allocated either ironfree multimicronutrients powder (placebo group) or iron (intervention group; 12.5 mg iron daily) into clusters where mixed semi-liquid homemade meals were delivered daily for 5 months. Anti-malaria mosquito bed nets and anti-malaria treatment were readily available during the study. Standardized therapeutic and epidemiological questionnaires were administered. Participants’ blood samples were assessed for immunoglobulin G3 hinge region length polymorphism, full blood count, anthropometry, and malaria microscopy. Baseline anthropometry, anaemia, iron status, demographic characteristics and dietary consumption were similar (p > 0.05). 27.85 % were venerable to clinical malaria at baseline. Homozygote medium polymorphism had the maximum frequency of 48 %, followed by homozygote long polymorphism (43 %), heterozygote long-medium polymorphisms (7.0 %) and relatively few were homozygote short 2.0 % with similarities between the study groups (p = 0.14; HardyWeinberg equilibrium estimate, χ2 analysis). However, iron fortification did not influence the risk of aneamia and malaria among participants with immunoglobulin G3 hinge region length polymorphisms but was not detrimental to participants.
Politics, Institutions and Tax Revenue Mobilization in West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) Countries

This paper argues that the main determinant of differences in tax revenue collection across countries are differences in political regimes and institutions. The evidence based on the 8 members States of West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) over the period 90-2017, clearly supports that tax collection leads to better economic institutions and more democratic political system. Thus, handle the problem of tax collection will entail a reform of these institutions and a democratization of the political regimes. Institutions, political regimes, and democracy significantly increase tax collection while autocracy reduces it. The findings turn out to be robust accounting for the potential endogeneity of various institutions and aid intensity through 2SLS estimates.
Impact of the Catalytic Activity of Carbon Nanotubes in the Performance of Li-O2 Batteries

The demand for new energy storage technologies has been rising in recent years with the increased adoption of electric vehicles and intermittent renewable electricity sources such as wind and solar power. Among the new energy storage technologies under development, the Li-O2 battery chemistry represents an option with a very high energy density potential. One of the key components of Li-O2 batteries is the O2 electrode in which the discharge product (Li2O2) is deposited. Among the possible materials to be used in the manufacture of these electrodes, carbon nanotubes represent one of the best options: besides high conductivity and the possibility to tailor structures with high porosity, carbon nanotubes present catalytic activity and can be used as support for other catalysts focused on specific electrochemical reactions. This work presents a model of a Li-O2 battery developed to evaluate the impact of catalytic activity on the capacity of the cell. The model considers a generic catalytic activity, which is varied in a range, combined with different current densities to evaluate the impact of power density and reaction rate in the distribution of discharge products in the electrode. Results suggest a strong compromise between power density and energy density because high power density leads to low energy density and vice versa. The relationship between catalytic activity and properties of carbon nanotubes is also discussed considering the use of this material in the manufacturing of electrodes.
Experimental Investigation of the Overcharge Effects on Commercial Li-Ion Batteries with Two Different Anode Materials

Paper Received: 15 September 2020; Revised: 18 March 2021; Accepted: 22 April 2021 Please cite this article as: Menale C. , Constà S. , D'Annibale F. , Scotini A. , Sglavo V. , 2021, Experimental Investigation of the Overcharge Effects on Commercial Li-ion Batteries with Two Different Anode Materials, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 86, 457-462 DOI:10.3303/CET2186077 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS
Trajectory Nearest Neighbors: A Topological Scaled and Masked Nearest Neighbors Algorithm

This paper proposes a novel algorithm for fetching nearest neighbors in a data set whose elements are organized along smooth trajectories that can be approximated with piece-wise linear structures. We introduce an efficient and exact strategy that can be implemented with algebraic tensorial operations and is consequently very adapted to modern GPU-based computing infrastructure. This method can be used with a scalable Euclidean metric and allows to mask some data points along one dimension. When applied, this method is more efficient than plain Euclidean 𝑘 -NN and other well-known data selection methods like KDTrees [2], and provides a several-fold speed-up. We demonstrate the efficiency of our approach in a machine learning pipeline to forecast high-altitude wind speed from live data measured by planes. We provide an implementation in PyTorch and a novel data set to allow the replication of empirical results.
Implementation and Impacts of Surface and Blowing Snow Sources of Arctic Bromine Activation Within WRF‐Chem 4.1.1

Elevated concentrations of atmospheric bromine are known to cause ozone depletion in the Arctic, which is most frequently observed during springtime. We implement a detailed description of bromine and chlorine chemistry within the WRF‐Chem 4.1. 1 model, and two different descriptions of Arctic bromine activation: (1) heterogeneous chemistry on surface snow on sea ice, triggered by ozone deposition to snow (Toyota et al., 2011 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3949-2011), and (2) heterogeneous reactions on sea salt aerosols emitted through the sublimation of lofted blowing snow (Yang et al., 2008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl034536). In both mechanisms, bromine activation is sustained by heterogeneous reactions on aerosols and surface snow. Simulations for spring 2012 covering the entire Arctic reproduce frequent and widespread ozone depletion events, and comparisons with observations of ozone show that these developments significantly improve model predictions during the Arctic spring. Simulations show that ozone depletion events can be initiated by both surface snow on sea ice, or by aerosols that originate from blowing snow. On a regional scale, in spring 2012, snow on sea ice dominates halogen activation and ozone depletion at the surface. During this period, blowing snow is a major source of Arctic sea salt aerosols but only triggers a few depletion events.
M ay 2 01 5 Criticality and Big Brake singularities in the tachyonic evolutions of closed Friedmann universes with cold dark matter

Zsolt Horváth, Zoltán Keresztes, Alexander Yu. Kamenshchik, László Á. Gergely 1 Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt 84-86, Szeged 6720, Hungary 2 Department of Experimental Physics, University of Szeged, Dóm Tér 9, Szeged 6720, Hungary 3 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna and INFN, via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, Italy 4 L.D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin street 2, 119334 Moscow, Russia
The Role of Transit Oriented Development in the Urban Area Development with Railway-Based Transportation

Introduction Based on the Governor Regulation Number 44, 2019, Transit Oriented Deevelopment (TOD) is a mixed residential and commercial area with high accessibility to mass public transportation where the station and terminal become the center of area with high density buildings [1]. Whereas based on the Governor Regulation Number 67, 2019, TOD is an area development around the transit point with the orientation to the easy movement of people, the enhancement of accessibility and connectivity to the area, activity mixture, the use of densed land for city rejuvenation and the increasing use of Mass Public Transports [2]. According to the Regulation of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning Minister/Head of National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16, 2017, Transit Oriented Area hereinafter referred to as TOD is the area specified in the spatial plan as the central area of intra and intermodal integration in the radius of 400 meters to 800 meters from the transit node of mass public transportation mode with its function to utilize mixed and densed spaces at medium up to high intensity of space utilization [3]. Theoretically the definition of TOD is in accordance with Calthorpe in 1980 and has been published in 1993 with TOD principles like density, mix, and design, and subsequently completed to become 5Ds by adding Accessibility and Distance to the transit point [4]. TOD is a mixed area at the distance of 2,000 feet from the transit terminal and the center of commercial area. TOD area is a functional mixture of residential area, shopping complex, offices, public facilities and open space in an environment which is pedestrian friendly, comfortable for the residents and employees to go by public transport, on foot or by bicycle. TOD is a change of paradigm in the society with an automatization--oriented development which needs changes of life style in some cases. In the modern context, [5] explain that TOD emphasizes the planning of residential, commercial, retail, and public service complexes around a new or existing transit station to be served by a regular and efficient transit system. In general, TOD results in financial benefits for the users and for the transportation system [6]. According some researchrs are; [7]; [8]; [9]; [10], TOD is a multipurpose residential or commercial area intended to maximize the access to public transportation. TOD is a multipurpose community which encourages people to live near the transit service and reduce their dependence on driving. Urban planners and designers promote TOD to encourage a sustainable urban development around the node of public transportation. TOD is a compact multipurpose development which facilitates walking, cycling, and the use of public transportation through an urban design. TOD comprises greenfield and rebuilding projects, usually around a railway.
PHEW : Constructing Sparse Networks that Learn Fast and Generalize Well without Training Data

Methods that sparsify a network at initialization are important in practice because they greatly improve the efficiency of both learning and inference. Our work is based on a recently proposed decomposition of the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) that has decoupled the dynamics of the training process into a data-dependent component and an architecture-dependent kernel - the latter referred to as Path Kernel. That work has shown how to design sparse neural networks for faster convergence, without any training data, using the Synflow-L2 algorithm. We first show that even though Synflow-L2 is optimal in terms of convergence, for a given network density, it results in sub-networks with"bottleneck"(narrow) layers - leading to poor performance as compared to other data-agnostic methods that use the same number of parameters. Then we propose a new method to construct sparse networks, without any training data, referred to as Paths with Higher-Edge Weights (PHEW). PHEW is a probabilistic network formation method based on biased random walks that only depends on the initial weights. It has similar path kernel properties as Synflow-L2 but it generates much wider layers, resulting in better generalization and performance. PHEW achieves significant improvements over the data-independent SynFlow and SynFlow-L2 methods at a wide range of network densities.