Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE DE L'ORGANISATION DES MATERIAUX ARGILEUX - HYDRATATION, GONFLEMENT ET STRUCTURATION AU COURS DE LA DESSICATION ET DE LA REHUMECTATION

THESE SOUTENUE LE 7 FEVRIER 1984. LE BUT DE CETTE THESE ETAIT D'ANALYSER ET INTERPRETER LE COMPORTEMENT HYDRIQUE, AINSI QUE LA GENESE ET L'EVOLUTION DE LA STRUCTURE DES MATERIAUX ARGILEUX DANS LES SOLS. A CET EFFET, LA METHODE UTILISEE A REPOSE SUR DEUX GRANDS TYPES D'INVESTIGATIONS : 1 - ETUDE DE L'EVOLUTION SIMULTANEE DE CARACTERISTIQUES GLOBALES, TELLES QUE LA TENEUR EN EAU ET LE VOLUME PORAL, EN FONCTION DE PARAMETRES ENERGETIQUES (CONTRAINTES) ; 2 - ANALYSE DES SYSTEMES AUX DIFFERENTS NIVEAUX D'ORGANISATION DE LA PHASE SOLIDE EN RELATION AVEC L'EVOLUTION DES PHASES FLUIDES (SOLUTION ET AIR), C'EST-A-DIRE DEPUIS LE NIVEAU D'ORGANISATION CORRESPONDANT A L'UNITE STRUCTURALE (FEUILLET) JUSQU'A CEUX DE L'ORDRE CENTIMETRIQUE. CECI ETANT, LES RECHERCHES ENTREPRISES ONT COMPORTE PRINCIPALEMENT : - D'UNE PART, UNE ETUDE DE MATERIAUX ARGILEUX FORTEMENT HYDRATES, DONC SITUES DANS LE DOMAINE ENERGETIQUE NORMAL DU FONCTIONNEMENT DES SOLS ; - D'AUTRE PART, UNE CARACTERISATION DE L'EVOLUTION SIMULTANEE DE L'ORGANISATION DE LA PHASE SOLIDE PAR DES METHODES D'OBSERVATION (M.E.B. ET M.E.T.) ET DE MESURE (DIFFUSION DES RAYONS X AUX PETITS ANGLES). LES RESULTATS OBTENUS, MEME S'ILS NE CONCERNENT QUE DES MATERIAUX ARGILEUX PURS, PERMETTENT D'ORES ET DEJA DE FIXER LE CADRE ET LES MODALITES DE L'EVOLUTION DE L'ORGANISATION DES MATERIAUX ARGILEUX DANS LES SOLS. (A).
Antarctic Geothermal Heat Flow, Crustal Conductivity and Heat Production Inferred From Seismological Data

Geothermal heat flow is a key parameter in governing ice dynamics, via its influence on basal melt and sliding, englacial rheology, and erosion. It is expected to exhibit significant lateral variability across Antarctica. Despite this, surface heat flow derived from Earth's interior remains one of the most poorly constrained parameters controlling ice sheet evolution. To obtain a continent‐wide map of Antarctic heat supply at regional‐scale resolution, we estimate upper mantle thermomechanical structure directly from VS. Until now, direct inferences of Antarctic heat supply have assumed constant crustal composition. Here, we explore a range of crustal conductivity and radiogenic heat production values by fitting thermodynamically self‐consistent geotherms to their seismically inferred counterparts. Independent estimates of crustal conductivity derived from VP are integrated to break an observed trade‐off between crustal parameters, allowing us to infer Antarctic geothermal heat flow and its associated uncertainty.
Ultrasonic Studies of Molecular Interactions in Ternary Mixtures Containing Water, Acetonitrile and T-Butanol

: Ultrasonic speeds in and isentropic compressibilities of a liquid is fundamentally related to binding forces between the atoms or molecules. The measurements of ultrasonic velocity have been adequately employed in understanding the nature of molecular interaction in pure liquids, binary and ternary mixtures. In this research paper we have studied the effect of aqueous solutions of Water + acetonitrile (AN) + t-butanol at 298.15 K. The concentrations of t-butanol at which ultrasonic speed becomes maximum and isentropic compressibility becomes minimum are found to decrease with increase in the concentration of acetonitrile in the cosolvent (Aqueous acetonitrile). This behaviour indicates that the aqueous ternary solutions are less structured than aqueous t-butanol. This behaviour is explained as due to a decrease in the ability of t-butanol to form clathrate hydrates owing to the presence of acetonitrile. When the concentration of acetonitrile in the cosolvent (xAN) > 0.1015, ultrasonic speed decreases and isentropic compressibility increases with concentration of t-butanol indicating that the ternary solution behaving as normal solution. Further addition of acetonitrile or t-butanol leads to destabilization of the hydrogen bonded structure of water and t-butanol looses its ability to form clathrate hydrates in aqueous solutions.
Learning by trading and the returns to human capital in developing countries

Recent evidence shows that the returns to labor and the skill premium both increase in developing countries after trade liberalization, despite the low skill content of their exports. The author explains this apparent puzzle by arguing that trade increases technology transfers from industrial to developing countries and that the transfer technology is biased in favor of skilled labor. The relative demand for skilled labor increases during the transition following liberalization, and so the gains enjoyed by skilled labor are temporary, even in the absence of supply responses. The gains become longer lasting when the transferred technology is also skill based.
Discovering the Chinese Mining Child: the Archaeology of Children and Childhood in Multicultural American Mining Communities

Chairperson: Dr. Kelly Dixon Co-Chairperson: Dr. Gregory Campbell Co-Chairperson: Dr. Janet Finn Children made up roughly one-quarter of the population of industrial boomtowns in the North American West, underscoring the connections of family to places commonly thought to be bachelor communities. By comparing artifacts and historical contexts from three mining communities (Butte, Montana; Deadwood, South Dakota; and Sandpoint, Idaho) established in the late 19th century, this thesis will contribute to archaeologies of children, childhood, and socialization, examining material remains as a line of evidence to study the ways in which relationships, gender, race, and class pervaded the lives of children in these industrial settings. The methods employed here integrate information from historical and archaeological sources and are intended to provide a systematic means of identifying archaeological traces of children by culling an entire artifact assemblage instead of just examining objects traditionally catalogued as “children’s” artifacts to ensure that analyses are grounded on as unbiased a foundation as possible. The strategy requires an artifact collection to be reorganized so that artifacts can be coded as child-related, “could be” child-related, or placed into a default category. Ideally, this will contribute to the late 20th and early 21st-century call for an anthropology of children and childhood will help archaeologists make the distinction between material culture of children and childhood, and will be used as part of a framework to understand the cultural heritage of transnational mining communities in the American West.
Do teachers’ educational beliefs affect the relationship between departmental leadership and PLC characteristics?

This study explores whether the relationship between departmental leadership (i.e. group-oriented and development-oriented departmental leadership) and interpersonal professional learning community (PLC) characteristics (i.e. collective responsibility and reflective dialogue) varies across departments, depending on whether teachers hold traditional or constructivist beliefs. Data are collected through an online survey with 197 French teachers in 30 French departments in 26 Flemish (Belgian) secondary schools. Data is analysed using multi-group path analyses. The results show that there are no differences in the relationship between departmental leadership and interpersonal PLC characteristics in departmental PLCs in secondary schools, depending on teachers’ educational beliefs. Furthermore, the results reveal that teachers with a group-oriented department head experience more collective responsibility and report a higher frequency of reflective dialogue in their department.
Chemistry contribution to stratospheric ozone depletion after the unprecedented water rich Hunga Tonga eruption

Following the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) eruption in January 2022, stratospheric ozone depletion was observed in the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes and Antarctica during the 2022 austral wintertime and springtime. This eruption injected sulfur dioxide and unprecedented amounts of water vapor into the stratosphere. This work examines and quantiﬁes the chemistry contribution of the volcanic materials to the ozone depletion using chemistry-climate model simulations with nudged meteorology. Simulated 2022 ozone and nitrogen oxides (NOx) anomalies show a good agreement with satellite observations. We ﬁnd that chemistry only contributes up to 6% and 20% ozone destruction at mid-latitudes wintertime and Antarctic springtime respectively. The majority of the ozone depletion is attributed
Aalborg Universitet The Impact of Packet Loss Behavior in 802 . 11 g on the Cooperation Gain in Reliable

In group-oriented applications for wireless networks, reliable multicast strategies are important in order to efficiently distribute data, e.g. in Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) and Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs). To ensure that developed protocols and systems will operate as expected when deployed in the wild, a good understanding of several factors such as packet loss characteristics is necessary. In this paper the correlation of erasures in a cluster of receiving mobile devices is measured and analyzed. In the considered scenario, a source node broadcasts packets to a cluster of receivers located relatively far away. To ensure that the obtained data can easily be applied in analysis, we introduce the cluster erasure transition matrix. We then analyze a simple broadcast and cooperative scheme, and show that the assumption of independent packet erasures unfairly favors the cooperative scheme according to the obtained measurements.
Khliaa ezir, a traditional cured meat product of algeria: preparation and characterization

– Khliaa Ezir , is a traditional cooked cured meat product of Algeria prepared using fresh boneless meat. The aim of this study is to describe its typical traditional diagram process and its overall composition and sensory profile. The results showed that Khliaa Ezir product presented intermediate moisture content 40.7% (±0.5) with an average pH value of 6.04 (±0.12) in the final product. Fat and protein contents values were 10.8% (±0.32) and 43.75% (±0.53) respectively, while the ash content was around 3.46% (±0.36). The microbiological results showed that the bacterial counts were relatively low, indicating a good hygienic quality. Regarding sensorial characteristics, Khliaa Ezir showed high values for global tenderness (5.98 ± 0.12), garlic odour (4.21±0.3) and intensity of flavour (6.14 ±0.22) and low scores for juiciness (2.92±0.45) and acidic flavour 2.99. The hedonic test revealed a high score for overall liking (6.16 ±0.25).
Eating behavior in restrained and unrestrained eaters after food-cue exposure: examining the cue reactivity and counteractive-control models

Many studies have demonstrated that those high in weight-related concerns eat more after food-cue exposure, which is consistent with predictions of the cue-reactivity model. However, the counteractive-control model predicts that exposure to fattening foods activates dieting-related goals and behavior in weight-concerned individuals. Although these models seem incongruous, the authors hypothesized that the salience of the cue could represent a critical factor in determining which model is activated. The authors predicted that attending to salient food cues would result in increased intake (cue reactivity) in individuals with high weight-related concerns, whereas incidental food-cue exposure would result in decreased intake (counteractive control), relative to control exposure. The authors employed a 3 (attended vs. incidental vs. control cue) (cid:1) 2 (low vs. high weight-related concerns) design. As expected, participants with high weight-related concerns who attended to a food cue ate more than did both those with high weight-related concerns in the control condition and those with low weight-related concerns in the attended-cue condition; however, intake of individuals with high weight-related concerns who were exposed to the incidental cue did not differ from that of those in the control condition. The manner of food-cue presentation may be a critical factor in determining eating behavior.
New algorithms for atmospheric correction and retrieval of biophysical parameters in earth observation. Application to ENVISAT/MERIS data

An algorithm for the derivation of atmospheric and surface biophysical products from the MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer Instrument (MERIS) on board ENVIronmental SATellite (ENVISAT/MERIS) Level 1b data over land has been developed. Georectified aerosol optical thickness (AOT), columnar water vapor (CWV), spectral surface reflectance and chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) maps are generated. Emphasis has been put on implementing a robust software able to provide those products on an operational manner, making no use of ancillary parameters apart from those attached to MERIS images. For this reason, it has been named Self-Contained Atmospheric Parameters Estimation from MERIS data (SCAPE-M). The fundamentals of the algorithm and the validation of the derived products are presented in this thesis. Errors of ±0.03, ±4% and ±8% have been estimated for AOT, CWV and surface reflectance retrievals, respectively, by means of a sensitivity analysis. More than 200 MERIS images have been processed in order to assess the method performance under a range of atmospheric and geographical conditions. A good comparison is found between SCAPE-M AOT retrievals and ground-based measurements taken during the SPectra bARrax Campaigns (SPARC) 2003 and 2004, except for a date when an episode of Saharan dust intrusion was detected. Comparison of SCAPE-M retrievals with data from AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) stations showed a square Pearson's correlation coefficient R2 of about 0.7-0.8. Those values grow up to more than 0.9 in the case of CWV after comparison with the same stations. A good correlation is also found with the ESA Level 2 official CWV product, although slight different performances with varying surface elevation are detected. Retrieved surface reflectance maps have been intercompared with reflectance data derived from MERIS images by the Bremen AErosol Retrieval (BAER) method in the first place.
Characterization of the Ionosphere over the South Atlantic Ocean by Means of Ionospheric Tomography using Dual Frequency GPS Signals Received On Board a Research Ship

Abstract : This paper reports a novel approach to extend the coverage of terrestrial ionospheric measurements over a poorly characterized region of the South Atlantic Ocean, including the South Atlantic Anomaly, by using dual frequency GPS signals received on board the South African polar research ship SA Agulhas. The routes of the SA Agulhas to the South Atlantic Islands, Gough (40 deg 17 sec S, 9 deg 58 sec W, Mag lat 42 deg S) and Marion (46 deg 52 sec S, 37 deg 5 sec E, Mag lat 51 deg S) and the South African Antarctic base SANAE IV (71 deg 40 sec S, 2 deg 51 sec W, Mag lat 61 deg S) present unique locations for investigating the variability of the upper atmosphere in the high latitudes in the vicinity of the South Atlantic Anomaly and its link with the near-Earth space environment.
More Talk, More Support? The Effects of Social Network Interaction and Social Network Evaluation on Social Support via Social Media

Introduction Do more friends and more frequent interactions on social media result in more social support? The impact of variables such as interaction size and frequency on the social support individuals receive via social platforms has been studied from the perspective of social networks, and some studies have focused on the role of interaction topics from the perspective of private engagement. Little research has been done on the impact of affect control embedded in social networks. The emotion-first nature of social media and the rise of affect control theory mean that this perspective deserves attention. Methods This study examined 634 WeChat users by means of an online survey on variables related to social media use, such as social network size, interaction frequency, users’ evaluation of network members, and personal topic involvement, and then tested the influencing mode of these variables on people’s perceived social support through chain mediation analysis using Model 80 of the process in spss. Results (1) Interaction size influences perceived social support by affecting personal topic involvement; (2) Interaction frequency does not directly mediate the relationship between interaction size and perceived social support, but mediates the relationship in a chain by affecting personal topic involvement; and (3) Social network evaluation not only directly mediates the relationship between interaction size and perceived social support, but also further mediates the relationship by influencing personal topic involvement. Conclusion The study confirmed the role of affective control in people’s perceived social support through social network interactions. Those people talk about personal matters with individuals who have greater evaluation, potency, and activity in social networks are more likely to get perceived social support. The study draws our attention to the role of affection control in interpersonal relationships in the era of social media mediating people’s daily interactions.
Barreal, Amaro; Damir, Mohamed Taoufiq; Freij-Hollanti, Ragnar; Hollanti, Camilla An approximation of theta functions with applications to communications

Computing the theta series of an arbitrary lattice, and more specifically a related quantity known as the flatness factor, has been recently shown to be important for lattice code design in various wireless communication setups. However, the theta series is in general not known in closed form, excluding a small set of very special lattices. In this article, motivated by the practical applications as well as the mathematical problem itself, a simple approximation of the theta series of a lattice is derived. A rigorous analysis of its accuracy is provided. In relation to this, maximum-likelihood decoding in the context of compute-and-forward relaying is studied. Following previous work, it is shown that the related metric can exhibit a flat behavior, which can be characterized by the flatness factor of the decoding function. Contrary to common belief, we note that the decoding metric can be rewritten as a sum over a random lattice only when at most two sources are considered. Using a particular matrix decomposition, a link between the random lattice and the code lattice employed at the transmitter is established, which leads to an explicit criterion for code design, in contrast to implicit criteria derived previously. Finally, candidate lattices are examined with respect to the proposed criterion using the derived theta series approximation.
Heat transfer analysis of magneto-Eyring–Powell fluid over a nonlinear stretching surface with multiple slip effects: Application of Roseland’s heat flux

Non-Newtonian fluid model is intricate, nonlinear, and interesting to study because of the presence of rheological flow parameters and viscoelastic properties, which tend to emerge and make industrial flows considerably more complex to explain accurately. Improvement of industrial applications, such as glass fabrication, is an important consequence of this study. In this manuscript, we have explored the combined impact of the higher order slip with variable transverse magnetic field flow and thermal transport using Roseland’s heat flux of the Eyring–Powell fluid with assumption of boundary layer, on nonlinear stretching sheet, in which fluid is considered electrically conducting. The transformed ordinary differential equations are solved by three-stage Lobatto IIIa collocation finite difference scheme using MATLAB. The impact of pertinent flow parameters on dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles is presented graphically and discussed in detail. Obtained results confirm that excellent agreement is achieved for the limiting case with those from the available literature. It is found that skin friction increases in the presence of slip parameters, whereas the opposite behaviour is noted in the Nusselt number.
Ocular oscillations generated by coupling of brainstem excitatory and inhibitory saccadic burst neurons

The human saccadic system is potentially unstable and may oscillate if the burst neurons, which generate saccades, are not inhibited by omnipause neurons. A previous study showed that combined saccade vergence movements can evoke oscillations in normal subjects. We set out to determine: 1) whether similar oscillations can be recorded during other paradigms associated with inhibition of omnipause neurons; 2) whether lesions of the fastigial nuclei disrupt such oscillations; and 3) whether such oscillations can be reproduced using a model based on the coupling of excitatory and inhibitory burst neurons. We recorded saccadic oscillations during vergence movements, combined saccade-vergence movements, vertical saccades, pure vergence and blinks in three normal subjects, and in a patient with saccadic hypermetria due to a surgical lesion affecting both fastigial nuclei. During combined saccadevergence, normal subjects and the cerebellar patient developed small-amplitude (0.1–0.5°), high-frequency (27–35 Hz), conjugate horizontal saccadic oscillations. Oscillations of a similar amplitude and frequency occurred during blinks, pure vergence and vertical saccades. One normal subject could generate saccadic oscillations voluntarily (~0.7° amplitude, 25 Hz) during sustained convergence. Previous models proposed that high-frequency eye oscillations produced by the saccadic system (saccadic oscillations), occur because of a delay in a negative feedback loop around high-gain, excitatory burst neurons in the brainstem. The feedback included the cerebellar fastigial nuclei. We propose another model that accounts for saccadic oscillations based on 1) coupling of excitatory and inhibitory burst neurons in the brainstem and 2) the hypothesis that burst neurons show postinhibitory rebound discharge. When omnipause neurons are inhibited (as during saccades, saccade-vergence movements and blinks), this new model simulates oscillations with amplitudes and frequencies comparable to those in normal human subjects. The finding of saccadic oscillations in the cerebellar patient is compatible with the new model but not with the recent models including the fastigial nuclei in the classic negative-feedback loop model. Our model proposes a novel mechanism for generating oscillations in the oculomotor system and perhaps in other motor systems too.
CARBON LIFE-CYCLE AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FOREST CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND WOODY BIOENERGY PRODUCTION

OF THESIS CARBON LIFE-CYCLE AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FOREST CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND WOODY BIOENERGY PRODUCTION Sequestering carbon in standing biomass, using woody bioenergy, and using woody products are the three potential ways to utilize forests in reducing greenhouse gases (GHGs) and mitigating climate change. These forestry related strategies are, however, greatly influenced by the existing markets and market based policies. This study focuses on the first two forest strategies. It investigates the combined impact of carbon and woody bioenergy markets on two different types of forests in the US – oak dominated mixed hardwood forests in the Central Hardwood Forests Region and loblolly pine forests in the southeastern US. A modification of the Harman model was used for the economic analysis of carbon sequestration and harvesting woody biomass for bioenergy. A forest carbon life-cycle assessment was used to determine the carbon emissions associated with management of forests and harvesting of wood products. Results from this study indicate that carbon payments and woody bioenergy production increase the land expectation value (LEV) for both forest types.