Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SYNDEFORMATIONAL EMPLACEMENT OF A TONALITIC SHEET-COMPLEX IN A LATE-VARISCAN THRUST REGIME: FABRICS AND MECHANISM OF INTRUSION, MONTE’E SENES, NORTHEASTERN SARDINIA, ITALY

Le complexe intrusif de Monte'e Senes, dans le nord-est de la Sardaigne, en Italie, representerait un bel exemple d'un complexe tonalitique syntectonique mis en place en feuillets. Nous distinguons au moins trois evenements intrusifs impliquant un magma tonalitique, et une venue tardive de magma leucogranitique. Les tonalites se presentent en de nombreux feuillets centimetriques a metriques subparalleles a la foliation principale et au litage de l'encaissant. La mise en place s'est deroulee aux conditions du facies schistes verts dans l'encaissant. Les microstructures dues a la deformation, ainsi que celles developpees dans l'aureole de contact, fournissent des indices de la cinematique et des conditions P-T au cours de l'intrusion, et de la relation avec la deformation a l'echelle regionale. Les microstructures dues a la deformation du quartz et du plagioclase a temperature elevee, ainsi que les foliations et lineations magmatiques et de haute temperature paralleles a celles dans l'encaissant, sont des indications d'une intrusion syntectonique. La deformation de la cordierite, de l'andalusite et de la sillimanite dans l'aureole de contact, de meme que la deformation du quartz a temperature elevee, indiquent une periode de deformation etalee dans le temps, en partie synchrone avec la deformation regionale et l'activite intrusive. Une mise en place a relativement faible profondeur serait responsable de la presence de l'andalousite et de la cordierite dans l'aureole de contact, et de microstructures granophyriques dans les roches intrusives. Les microstructures dues a la deformation au facies schistes verts partout dans les roches intrusives montrent que la deformation regionale a continue apres la mise en place. Le complexe de Monte'e Senes fut mis en place lors d'un episode de metamorphisme retrograde associe a un chevauchement vers l'ouest lors d'une collision de Gondwana et Armorique a l'epoque varisque tardive.
Trust Your Fingers: Determining the Reliability and Validity of the Measurement of the Diastasis of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle by Palpation and Tape Measure

Background: Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle (DRAM) occurs in about 60% of pregnant women and often persists after delivery. Currently, the reference standard to measure DRAM is ultrasonography, and physiotherapy is considered first-line treatment. Most physiotherapists do not base their DRAM assessment on ultrasonography but instead on palpatory evaluation with tape measures. This method is neither standardized nor has been tested for its reliability or validity in women with interrectus distance (IRD) of 30 mm and greater. Objectives: To assess the reliability of the measurements of DRAM by palpation with tape measure and to evaluate its validity compared with ultrasonography. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Methods: Two physiotherapists assessed test-retest, intra- and interrater reliability of this method in 20 women with IRD of 30 mm and greater, using intraclass correlations (ICC) and compared the values with ultrasonography to establish its validity using Spearman ρ and Bland-Altman plots. The interval between the 2 sessions was 7 days and greater. Results: The ICC values for test-retest reliability ranged from 0.67 to 0.95 and between 0.40 and 0.85 for intrarater reliability. The ICC values for interrater reliability ranged from 0.13 to 0.29. In terms of validity, correlations were inconsistent with Spearman ρ ranging from −0.24 to 0.74. Conclusion: Single palpatory measurement with tape above the umbilicus and during partial curl-up might detect changes in IRD of 15.5 mm and greater over time in women with IRD of 30 mm and greater. It cannot replace ultrasonographic measurements in accuracy but might be the only available option for IRDs larger than the ultrasonographic probe.
A New Stratigraphic Framework for the Upper Colorado Group (Cretaceous) in southern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada

ABSTRACT Extensive marine shales and shallow-marine sandstones of the Cretaceous Upper Colorado Group represent one of the last thick, informally named, stratigraphic intervals in the southern part of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Two regionally-mappable formations in southern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan are introduced: The Carlile Formation (Turonian) overlying the Second White Specks Formation, and the Niobrara Formation (Coniacian-Santonian) underlying the Milk River Formation. Both names are extensions of lithologically-similar and laterally-equivalent strata in adjacent parts of the Interior Seaway in Canada and the United States. The boundary between the Carlile and Niobrara formations is recognized at a distinct zone (3 to 15 m thick) of 17 bentonites in the lower part of the Niobrara Formation, whereof two are argon-argon dated to 89.19 (± 0.51) and 89.40 (± 0.31). Regional variations in lithology, petrophysics and geochemistry of the two new formations make it possible to further subdivide these into formal subunits. The Carlile Formation is subdivided into the informal lower, middle and upper units. The Niobrara Formation is formally subdivided into three mappable members in ascending order: the shaly, non-calcareous Verger Member, the sandstone-rich Medicine Hat Member, and the shaly calcareous First White Specks Member. An outcrop reference section of the Carlile Formation is designated at Deer Creek (east of West Butte) in the Sweetgrass Hills of north-central Montana. The single core cut from the Carlile Formation in southern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan is located at 13-20-17-7W4 and includes twelve metres of the upper part of the formation. It is used as a reference section for the boundary between the Carlile and Niobrara formations. A reference core of the Niobrara Formation is located at 4-16-22-15W4, which also is designated as the type section of the Verger, Medicine Hat and First White Specks members. An outcrop section at the Ghost River Dam Spillway, west of Calgary, serves as the outcrop reference section for the Medicine Hat Member and is correlated to the subsurface using wireline logs and foraminiferal biostratigraphy. End_Page 304------------------------
Behavioral Neuroscience

Furthermore, several fi ndings of altered haemodynamic response patterns in patients with psychosis relative to healthy controls during reward processing have provided evidence for the dysfunction of brain circuits innervated by dopamine (Jensen et al., 2008; Murray et al., 2008b). To test Kapur's hypothesis of aberrant salience attribution experimentally , Roiser et al. (2009) used a novel paradigm designed to assess implicit and explicit reward learning relating to task-relevant and-irrelevant stimuli (Salience Attribution Test – SAT). They reported decreased " adaptive salience " (task-relevant reward learning) in medicated patients with schizophrenia, consistent with the above studies. Importantly, patients with delusions scored higher on the SAT measure of explicit " aberrant salience " (task-irrelevant reward learning) than those without such symptoms, consistent with the aberrant salience model. Furthermore, healthy control participants with high-schizotypy scores also showed less adap-tive salience and more aberrant salience than low scorers, further supporting the model. In some respects, the aberrant salience framework is not dissimilar from an earlier cognitive model of psychosis proposed by Gray et al. (1991). These authors proposed that a core feature of psychosis is the malfunction of a " comparator " function, which acts continuously to compare current information processing with stored regularities or expectations. This model draws on empirical data from a number of studies utilising animal associative
The employment of PhDs in firms: trajectories, mobility and innovation

Labour markets for research are changing and the traditional segmentation model of the research labour market where the doctorate was mainly valuable in the academic sector is loosing ground. The paper studies a sample of PhDs and their corresponding employing firms to analyse patterns of mobility, economic returns, and innovation outputs. Qualitative and quantitative indicators are combined to tackle two sets of general questions: The first relates to the incentives for doctorate holders to pursue a company career versus an academic career. The second concerns the flexibility and/or reversibility of career options for young PhDs and the relative value of a doctorate outside academia. The results question the idea that the labour market for PhDs is tightly segmented and highlights the complementarity of PhDs’ individual competencies and collective capabilities in the assessment of innovation outputs. They also demonstrate that economic returns are significantly different by gender Laura Cruz-Castro (corresponding author) and Luis Sanz-Menéndez are both members of the research group Spanish Policy Research on Innovation & Technology, Training and Education (SPRITTE) at the Unit on Comparative Policy and Politics of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Alfonso XII, n.18, E-28014 Madrid, Spain; Tel: +34 915 219 160 (ext. 110); Fax: +34 915218103; Email: laura.cruz@iesam.csic. es. * The authors would like to acknowledge the valuable assistance of Jaime Aja in the data handling, the useful comments of the participants in the Session “Management of Human Resources” of the Eighth International Conference on Science and Technology Indicators, Leiden 23-25 September 2004, and the suggestions of two anonymous referees. Funding is acknowledged from the National R&D Plan through a grant of the former Ministry of Science and Technology (SEC-2001-2411-C02-01) and from the Fundación COTEC. We also thank the European Union PRIME Network of Excellence for membership (CIT1-CT-2003-506596) and the Ministry of Education and Science, specially Pedro Cortegoso and Marta Zan, for access to the Register data in the context of the evaluation of the IDE Programme.
Is marriage more than cohabitation? Well-being differences in 30 European countries

The study aims to assess, first, whether there is a gap in well-being between unmarried cohabitants and the married, second, if selection factors can explain this so-called cohabitation gap, and third, if the size of the cohabitation gap differs across countries and how this can be explained. We use pooled data from young adults (18–44) in 3 rounds of the European Social Survey (N ≅ 31, 500). Multilevel regression analyses show that there is a moderate cohabitation gap that can be partly explained with the selection factors material resources and religiosity. Country differences were clear and could partly be explained with the level of institutionalization: In countries where cohabitation is more accepted and more prevalent, the cohabitation gap is smaller.
Virtual Reality-Based Product Representations in Conjoint Analysis

Innovations are an important factor for companies to build and sustain a competitive advantage. Even though companies generate up to 51 % of their income with products and services launched less than three years ago, the failure rate of new product development is still at around 90 %. One way to reduce the failure rate of innovations is to conduct customers’ preference measurements in the early stages of new product development processes. However, customers often display a substantial amount of uncertainty when having to evaluate highly innovative products as they may not be able to grasp its features and functionalities. Therefore, some empirical studies have already compared different presentation forms in a conjoint setting. These studies aim to optimize preference measurement results by exposing respondents to state-of-the-art product descriptions in the new product development process. Based on a quantitative-empirical analysis, this thesis contributes to this research vein by integrating virtual reality-based (VR) product representations within a conjoint setting for the measurement of preferences in the development process of a technically complex innovation. The results of this study point out that VR offers the potential for early customer integration within the new product development process.
Emission Pathways Towards a Low-Carbon Energy System for Europe: A Model-Based Analysis of Decarbonization Scenarios

The aim of this paper is to showcase different decarbonization pathways for Europe with varying Carbon dioxide (CO2) constraints until 2050. The Global Energy System Model (GENeSYS-MOD) framework, a linear mathematical optimization model, is used to compute low-carbon scenarios for 17 European countries or regions. The sectors power, low-and high-temperature heating, and passenger and freight transportation are included, with the model endogenously constructing capacities in each period. Emission constraints differ between different scenarios and are either optimized endogenously by the model, or distributed on a per-capita basis, GDP-dependent, or based on current emissions. The results show a rapid phase-in of renewable energies, if a carbon budget in line with established international climate targets is chosen. It can be shown that the achievement of the 2° target can be met with low additional costs compared to the business as usual case, while reducing total emissions by more than 30%
FAR-FIELD FAN NOISE ESTIMATION WITH THE APPLICATION OF 3 D AEROACOUSTIC CALCULATION

In the work are presented the effort of aircraft flyover noise estimations with the usage of data, obtained in the 3 dimensional unsteady calculation of tone noise of high bypass ratio fan of turbofan designed for a medium range, single-aisle civil aircraft with two engines. Calculation was performed using CIAM 3DAS (3 Dimensional Acoustics Solver) in-house solver created for simulation of turbomachinery tone noise.
Business Process Re-Engineering ( BPR ) and Performance of Islamic Banking Branches in Kedah :

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR) and performance of Islamic banking branches in Kedah from the perspective of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah. The questionnaires were sent directly to branches and collected by hand. 59 samples were returned, however, only 54 samples were used for further data analysis. The data were analyzed using the multiple regression analysis. Collectively, the result showed that the BPR was able to influence the performance of Islamic banking branches in Kedah. The findings indicated that only management commitment, customer focus, and BPR project management were significantly related to the overall Islamic banking performance. The outcome of this study provides important insights to both managers and researchers for further understanding about BPR factors and Islamic bank’s performance. KeywordsBusiness process reengineering, Islamic banking performance, Banks, Kedah.
FRACTURE ROUGHNESS IN THE ANNEALED FUSE MODEL

We have studied the properties of fracture in an annealed fuse model, with focus on fracture roughness. The results are obtained via numerical simula- tion. We have found that neither H nor are universal quantities for the model. Both increase for increasing . The results indicate an asymptotic value close to 1 for H as ! 1. Fracture processes are interesting from a fundamental point of view, as well as being relevant to elds as diverse as material engineering and seismology. Especially intriguing from a physicist's perspective is the scaling properties for fracture surfaces, which has been shown to be universal for a wide range of materials (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7). The propagation of a crack in a material is obviously inuenced by the strain dis- tribution in the material. In addition, disorder in the material introduces a stochastic element to the fracture propagation. Together, these two properties decide the shape and roughness of the fracture surface. (8) One can gain qualitative insights in the fracture process by studying simplied models, where complicating, non-necessary factors are stripped away. By capturing a few essential properties of the system, such as strain and disorder, important eects can be isolated and better understood. Several models should be studied, to make the nal picture as complete as possible. One particularly successful class of models for fracture is the fuse models (8, 9, 10), which simplify the description of a continuous material by instead considering a lattice of bonds. Each bond is represented as a linear resistor which can break if subjected to too high current. There are two dieren t classes of fuse models, depending on how they treat disorder: the 'quenched' disorder models have a disorder built into the system, while the 'annealed' fuse models use a probabilistic breaking rule.
Modelling a piezoelectric-driven actuator for active flow control

Flow control is an area of research of particular interest within automotive and aerospace industries since methods used to affect the fluid flow around vehicles can reduce drag and therefore lower their fuel consumption. One of these methods, which has generated a lot of interest in later years, is called active flow control and uses different types of actuators to impact the surrounding flow. In this thesis a model of a piezoelectric actuator for active flow control has been developed using Lumped Element Modelling and equivalent circuits. This approach, together with the chosen software for implementation, Simulink, provides models which are easy to simulate and evaluate. The actuator model has been validated using a novel methodology with submodels with the purpose of reducing computational costs. The actuator is therefore divided into two sub-models, one for structural and one for fluid dynamics, which are validated separately. This enables the use of simple yet accurate FEM and CFD models instead of time consuming FSI software which the complete model requires. The three implemented models have been validated using cases presented in previous studies and data from CFD-simulations. The results show that the decoupled models can be validated separately and its results can be integrated into the complete model, although further tests with a real actuator is needed. In addition to the modelling, a parameter study of the actuator has been performed in order to prepare for prototype design.
Bank Efficiency Differences Across Central and Eastern Europe

The study evaluates bank efficiency in the EU member states of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). Relying on a comprehensive dataset covering the post-crisis period from 2010 to 2016, country-specific average profit and cost efficiencies are calculated. Compared with similar pre-crisis studies, the results highlight the reshuffling effects of the financial crisis. Hungary, for instance, that was consistently found to have a comparatively efficient banking system, now performs well below average. Contrasting the results of traditional performance indicators with SFA supports the mechanism put forward by the Quiet Life Hypothesis. The positive relationship of market share and return on assets (or equity) indicates that higher market power enables banks to realize higher profits. SFA, on the other hand, suggests a negative association implying that banks do not tend to fully exploit this potential.
Enterocutaneous Fistula : Evidence-based Management

The management of Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is a clinical skill that should be in the armamentarium of every general surgeon. Although definitive treatment frequently relies on surgical closure, pre-operative care and diligence is paramount to ensure a successful outcome. Care of these patients should focus on four keys phases. The first phase is characterized by appropriate recognition and resuscitation. During the second phase, a complete nutritional assessment and plan is undertaken. Radiographic evaluation during the third phase helps to define ECF anatomy. Finally, the fourth phase is characterized by definitive closure should the fistula fail to heal spontaneously. This review will focus on the key aspects that define each phase and help the general surgeon maximize chances for a positive outcome. Ryan P Dumas1*, Sarah A Moore1 and Carrie A Sims2 1Department of Traumatology, Surgical Critical Care & Emergency Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA 2Department of Surgery, Division of Traumatology, Surgical Critical Care & Emergency Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
The Proceedings of the 3 nd International Workshop on Smart Simulation and Modelling for Complex Systems

This paper applied particle filtering (PF) method to predict urban link travel time in short term. A multistep nonparametric model using probe vehicle data was developed. In order to evaluate performances of the proposed model, Knearest neighbour (KNN) method was used as a comparison. Both methods were tested in two scenarios. One is real case where probe data was collected by taxi in Nagoya, Japan. Since the taxi only accounts for a small part of total traffic volume, the other scenario is simulated by computer, where all vehicles are treated as probe cars. Results show that PF has similar performance with KNN and is more computationally efficient. However, there is still a big room for improvement because of the complex traffic condition in urban network, such as the change of traffic signal.
Pokkah Boeng: An Emerging Disease of Sugarcane

Sugarcane is one of the most important crops for the sugar production in India and Uttar Pradesh (UP) is the top on sugarcane while second in sugar production. Many biotic and abiotic stresses affected the sugarcane production among the reported diseases of sugarcane; Pokkah boeng is now playing a very important role due to its economic threats in UP. Recent survey during 2007-13 showed increasing trend of disease incidence and most of the commercial cultivars affected by the disease ranged from 1%-90%. Although Pokkah boeng comes under minor concern but these days it is going to be major on basis of their rapid epidemiology during last few years. Nowadays, the incidence and severity of Pokkah boeng disease has been reported from major sugarcane growing states like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana, Assam, Tamil Nadu and Bihar in India and other sugarcane growing countries. Keeping in view the seriousness of the problem, the present review summarise the distribution, establish a suitable genetic base and disease management practices through various approaches.
Prognostic Value of Plasma Pro-Adrenomedullin and Antithrombin Levels in Neonatal Sepsis

morbidity and mortality in neonates [1]. Quantification of adrenomedullin (ADM) could be helpful in diagnosis, monitoring of sepsis and in the prognosis. Unfortunately, reliable measurement of ADM is almost impossible, as it is rapidly cleared from the circulation [2]. Recently, the more stable midregional fragment of pro-adrenomedullin, which directly reflects levels of the rapidly degraded active peptide ADM, has been detected in plasma of patients with septic shock [3]. Antithrombin is a potent inhibitor of thrombin-mediated vascular injury in the microcirculation during severe sepsis [4]. The aim of this study was to find out prognostic value of serum ADM and Antithrombin level in neonatal sepsis.