Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Massive Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Associated with an Outbreak of Diarrhoea in Neonatal Goat Kids

There was a massive outbreak of watery diarrhoea in kids aged 5 to 15 days in a goat herd in Gonen district of Isparta province in Turkey in May 2003. The presence of Cryptosporidium parvum was investigated in the faeces of 130 diarrhoeic kids and 3 dead kids in this herd. All of the faecal samples were also examined for rotavirus and coronavirus. C. parvum were detected in all of the faecal specimens. Coronavirus and rotavirus were not detected in any of the animals. Ozet: May›s 2003'de Isparta'n›n Gonen ilcesinde bir keci surusunde 5-15 gunluk olaklarda fliddetli ishale bal› olarak olumlerin goruldu¤u bildirilmifltir. Uc olu olak ile 130 ishalli ola¤›n d›flk›lar› parazitolojik yonden muayene edilmifl ve incelenen butun orneklerde youn Cryptosporidium parvum ookisti tespit edilmifltir. D›flk› ornekleri ayr›ca rotavirus ve coronavirus varl›¤› yonunden de incelenmifl ancak hic birinde bu viral etkenlere rastlanmam›flt›r.
Δ98Δ, a functional all-β-sheet abridged form of intestinal fatty acid binding protein

Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) is a 15 kDa intracellular lipid-binding protein exhibiting a β-barrel fold that resembles a clamshell. The β-barrel, which encloses the ligand binding cavity, consists of two perpendicular five-stranded β-sheets with an intervening helix-turn-helix motif between strands A and B. Δ98Δ (fragment 29−126 of IFABP) was obtained either in its recombinant form or by limited proteolysis with clostripain. Despite lacking extensive stretches involved in the closure of the β-barrel, Δ98Δ remains soluble and stable in solution. Spectroscopic analyses by circular dichroism, ultraviolet absorption, and intrinsic fluorescence indicate that the fragment retains substantial β-sheet content and tertiary interactions. In particular, the environment around W82 is identical in both Δ98Δ and IFABP, a fact consistent with the conservation in the former of all the critical amino acid residues belonging to the hydrophobic core. In addition, the Stokes radius of Δ98Δ is similar to that.
The Systematics of Salmonid Fishes of Recently Glaciated Lakes

The systematics of the subfamilies Salmoninae and Coregoninae of recently glaciated regions are reviewed. Interrelation between systematics and fisheries biology are stressed, pointing out the abundance of intraspecific genetic diversity of some salmonid fishes manifested in ecological and behavioral specializations, but not necessarily by morphological divergence. Innate, reproductive homing behavior of salmonid fishes may allow closely related populations to exist in sympatry and maintain reproductive isolation. Examples are cited to support the contention that many sympatric "sibling species" have evolved from a common ancestor in postglacial times. Closely related, sympatric populations are a major taxonomic problem, but this phenomenon which allows a species to consist of genetically discrete units with reproductive isolation between the stocks is of great significance for fisheries management. Postglacial salmonid communities are typically fragile and highly susceptible to disruption or destruction .
The effect of diet in late pregnancy on colostrum production and immunoglobulin absorption in sheep

One hundred and twenty-six twin-bearing ewes were given either formic acid (FA) treated grass silage or grass/ molassed sugar-beet pulp (MSBP) silage in order to investigate factors affecting colostrum yield and quality and the efficiency of immunoglobulin (IgG) absorption. The experiment commenced on day 91 of pregnancy and the diets consisted ofFA-treated silage (Tl), FA-treated silage + soya-bean meal (SB) (72), MSBP silage (T3), MSBP silage + SB (T4), FA-treated silage + MSBP (T5), FA-treated silage + MSBP + SB (T6) or FA-treated silage + 150 g/kg of a crude protein concentrate (T7). Soya-bean meal was offered only in the last 3 weeks of pregnancy aiming for a total crude protein intake of220 g per ewe per day. Blood samples were taken from lambs in order to measure serum Ig concentrations. Ewes were milked at 1 h,10h and 18 h post lambing. Daily metabolizable energy intakes of 6·8, 11·4, 9·6, 12·8, 10·5, 13·7 and 14·7 (s.e. 0·58) M] per ewe were recorded for Tl to T7 respectively over the last 3 weeks of pregnancy. Respective crude protein intakes of 72, 213, 110, 225, 109, 215 and 175 (s.e. 5·64) g per ewe per day were recorded for Tl to T7 over the last 3 weeks of pregnancy. The addition of protein increased colostrum yield at 1 h (P 0·05) in colostrum production during the first 18 h following protein supplementation when the basic diet was FA-treated silage. There was no difference (P > 0·05) in colostrum production during the first 18 h between ewes offered MSBP treated silage or MSBP supplemented silage. Ewes offered FA-treated silage produced less colostrum during the first 18 h compared with ewes offered either MSBP treated or supplemented silage (P 2 = 0·4005; P
An Empirically Derived Model of Field-Scale Gene Flow in Winter Wheat

The potential introduction of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with transgenic traits has generated increased interest in pollen-mediated gene fl ow (PMGF). The objectives of this study were to estimate wheat PMGF between commercial fi elds across multiple years and locations, and to compare estimates from large fi elds to those from smaller experimental plots. The study was conducted in a total of 56 commercial fi eld locations in eastern Colorado in 2003, 2004, and 2005. We measured PMGF by tracking the movement of an imidazolinone herbicide resistance gene from resistant to susceptible cultivars, sampled at distances of 0.23 to 61 m. At least one sample from all 56 fi elds and from all 18 evaluated cultivars had detectable PMGF. The highest observed PMGF was 5.3% at 0.23 m. The farthest distance at which PMGF was detected was 61 m and the highest PMGF at that distance was 0.25%. Higher levels and greater distances of PMGF were detected in commercial fi elds than in experimental plots. Based on estimates from a generalized linear mixed model with a random location effect, the distance required to ensure 95% confi dence that 95% of locations have PMGF less than 0.9% is 41.1 m for cultivars heading earlier than the pollen source and 0.7 m for cultivars heading later than the pollen source. These confi dence limits should represent the highest levels of PMGF expected to occur in winter wheat in the westcentral Great Plains and will be useful for wheat biotechnology regulation.
Correlation between sTREM-1 and serum sTM in patients with AKI and the predictive value of their joint evalution in AKI occurrence and patients’ death

Objective: To explore the correlation between soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and serum soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and the predictive value of their joint evaluation in AKI occurrence and patients’ death. Methods: This is a perspective case-control study, which recruited 173 severe patients who underwent treatment in intensive care unit (ICU) of Tangshan People’s Hospital. Patients were divided into the AKI group (N=71) and Non-AKI group (N=102) according to AKI diagnostic criteria in the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) clinical practice guideline. Meanwhile, patients in the AKI group were divided into the Survival group (N=54) and Death group (N=17) according to the survival status 28 days after admission. The differences of urine sTREM-1, serum sTREM-1, sTM as well as routine indexes, such as serum creatinine (SCr), serum inflammatory factors [C-reactive protein (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT), Cystatin-C (Cys-C)] and Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), were compared between the AKI group and Non-AKI group. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlations between sTREM-1 and sTM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of urine sTREM-1, serum sTREM-1 and sTM in AKI occurrence and AKI patients’ death. Results: Serum SCr, CRP, PCT, Cys-C, APACHE II scores, serum sTREM-1, sTM and urine sTREM-1 in the AKI group were significantly higher than those in the Non-AKI group (all P<0.001). As for the comparison of subgroups of patients in the AKI group, there were no significant differences in SCr, CRP, PCT, Cys-C and APACHE II scores between the Death group and Survival group (all P>0.05). However, urine sTREM-1, serum sTREM-1 and sTM in the Death group were significantly higher than those in the Survival group (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation showed positive correlation coefficients (r>0) between serum sTREM-1, urine sTREM-1 and sTM in the AKI/Non-AKI group, as well as Death/Survival group. The results of ROC curve analysis indicated that the joint evaluation of urine sTREM-1, serum sTREM-1 and sTM showed higher clinical reference value in the prediction of AKI occurrence (AUC=0.879) and patients’ death (AUC=0.084). Conclusion: Urine sTREM-1, serum sTREM-1 and sTM were significantly increased in patients with AKI, and the changes of above indexes in patients who died within 28 days after admission were more significant. There were correlations among urine sTREM-1, serum sTREM-1 and sTM. The joint evaluation of these indexes had a high clinical value for the prediction of the AKI occurrence and patients’ death.
Avaliação de coberturas mortas em cultura de alface sob manejo orgânico

A cobertura morta do solo com leguminosas e gramineas e uma pratica cultural que traz beneficios aos sistemas de producao. Foi conduzido um experimento no municipio de Seropedica, estado do Rio de Janeiro, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes tipos de cobertura morta sobre a reinfestacao de ervas espontâneas e sobre o desempenho agronomico de alface, em cultivo orgânico. O delineamento experimental adotado foi blocos casualizados com quatro repeticoes e parcelas de oito plantas na area util. Os tratamentos foram: bagaco de cana-de-acucar (Saccharum sp.), bambu (Bambuza sp.), capim Cameroon (Penisetum purpureum), crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), eritrina (Erythrina poeppigiana), gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium), guandu (Cajanus cajan), mucuna cinza (Mucuna pruriens) e controle (sem cobertura dos canteiros). Estimou-se a decomposicao in situ e a liberacao de nitrogenio de cada cobertura morta. Foram avaliados dois ciclos consecutivos de alface, cultivar Regina, na mesma area, visando a comparar o efeito residual das coberturas mortas. Observou-se maior acumulo de N nos residuos vegetais das leguminosas (maximo de 1.010 kg ha-1 com mucuna-cinza). Em relacao a decomposicao da cobertura morta, avaliada na colheita do primeiro ciclo de alface (35 dias apos o transplante), as leguminosas apresentaram percentuais inferiores aos das gramineas de massa seca e N remanescentes. A reinfestacao dos canteiros pelas ervas espontâneas nao diferiu significativamente entre coberturas mortas, variando entre 31 e 58 plantas m-2, mas a reducao da densidade populacional da vegetacao reinfestante chegou a 83% em comparacao ao tratamento controle. Em ambos os ciclos de cultivo da alface, a massa fresca (de 315,8 a 366,0 e de 202,9 a 225,0 g planta-1, respectivamente nos primeiro e segundo ciclos), o diâmetro da cabeca (de 30,8 a 31,7 e de 25,5 a 28,5 cm) e o teor de N (de 32,3 a 38,8 e de 28,0 a 30,3 g kg-1) foram superiores quando leguminosas foram utilizadas como cobertura morta.
On the Magnitude of Exporter Productivity Premia

Why is it that exporter productivity premia (EP) differ so widely in magnitude? We take this question to the theory and to the data. First, we compute the theoretical equivalent of empirical measures of sectoral EP in a standard heterogeneous firms trade model. This gives novel predictions: a larger variance in the productivity distribution and larger trade costs (both fixed and variable) in a sector increases the sectors EP, while the effect of the degree of product differentiation is ambiguous. Second, based on 15 years of data for the universe of Danish manufacturing firms, we confirm the role of trade costs for sectoral EP. Most importantly, we establish that the variance in the underlying productivity distribution is decisive for the size of a sectors EP. These findings imply substantial room for refinements when conducting empirical research into exporter performance. JEL: F12, F15, O33, L11, L16
Eﬀect of Gromov-Hyperbolicity Parameters on Cuts and Expansions in Graphs and Some Algorithmic Implications (Revised Version)

δ -hyperbolic graphs, originally conceived by Gromov in 1987, include non-trivial interesting classes of “non-expander” graphs; for ﬁxed δ , such graphs are simply called hyperbolic graphs . Our goal in this paper is to study the eﬀect of the hyperbolicity measure δ on expansion and cut-size bounds on graphs (here δ need not be a constant, i.e., the graph is not necessarily hyperbolic ), and investigate up to what values of δ these results could provide improved approximation algorithms for related combinatorial problems. To this eﬀect, we provide the following results.
Studies on the European hare. 47. An integrative analysis of genetic differentiation in the brown hare Lepus europaeus based on morphology, allozymes, and mitochondrial DNA

A total of 469 brown hares Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778 from 20 sampling sites in Austria were examined for genetic diversity within and among populations by means of horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Fourteen out of 54 presumptive structural loci were polymorphic, one of which was excluded from further population genetic analyses due to the occurrence of a null-allele.
QUALITY EVALUATION OF FATTENING LAMBS USING ULTRASONIC SCANNER MINDRAY DP-50 VET

In Europe, including Latvia, the issue – quality of sheep mutton production becomes more and more significant. Therefore, many research institutions around the world are engaged in research of the meat quality of different breeds and the factors affecting it. Currently, the market research shows that there is lack of mutton in the European Union (EU), therefore, the EU has to look for opportunities to produce more. The aim of Latvian sheep breeding specialists is to create a sustainable sheep breeding and processing sector, which is able to produce high – quality, competitive products for domestic and foreign markets. The aim of the research was to find the fattening efficiency of different breed lambs. The study was done with 97 Latvian Dark head bred, Germany Merino local, Suffolk, Dorper, Heidschnucke grey horned, Jacob and Romanov male lambs. Before slaughter of lambs the measurements of muscle tissue and fat tissue layer depth were carried out with the ultrasonic scanner at the 13th rib. After slaughter, weighing of lamb carcasses, evaluation of muscle development and fat tissue layering following SEUROP classifications was carried out. The average age of lambs before the slaughter was four to seven months. The average live weight of the fattened lambs before slaughter was 56.8 kg. Longissimus Dorsi muscle and fat thickness depth measurements carried out with the ultrasonic scanner were, respectively, an average 25.2-28.6 mm and 2.8-4.4 mm. Visual assessment of the carcass showed even muscular development, and average score of the groups was R class, but of fat tissue layer – 2 points.
Role for α6 integrin during lens development: Evidence for signaling through IGF‐1R and ERK

We show that α6 integrin function was required for normal lens cell differentiation by using an antisense construct to suppress α6 integrin expression. To elucidate the mechanism by which this integrin functions in the regulation of the lens cell differentiation process, we determined the molecular composition of α6 integrin signaling complexes at distinct stages of differentiation in vivo. Because both α6 integrin and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) have been implicated in signaling lens cell differentiation, we examined the possibility that they formed a signaling complex in the embryonic lens. Coprecipitation analysis revealed that α6 integrin/IGF‐1 receptor complexes were present and that their association was greatest in the equatorial zone, the region of the embryonic lens in which lens cells proliferate and then initiate their differentiation. These results provide in vivo support for the formation of integrin/growth factor receptor signaling complexes. We also found that extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), a downstream effector of both integrin and growth factor receptor signaling pathways, was associated with the α6 integrin signaling complexes in the embryonic lens. This result was supported by our findings that activated ERK, in addition to its nuclear location, localized to lens cell membranes in specific regions of cell‐matrix and cell–cell contact. A connection between integrin ligand engagement and ERK activation was shown in vitro after lens cell attachment to laminin. These results demonstrate that α6 integrin function is required for the early stages of lens cell differentiation most likely through its association with the IGF‐1 receptor and the activation of ERK. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Threshold ECDSA for Decentralized Asset Custody

The surge of interest in decentralization-enabling technologies sparked by the recent success of Bitcoin and other blockchains has led to several new challenges in cryptography and protocol design. One such challenge concerns the widely used digital signature scheme – ECDSA – that has in particular been chosen to secure transactions in Bitcoin and several other blockchain systems. To empower decentralized interoperability between such blockchains one would like to implement distributed custody over Bitcoin accounts, which technically can be realized via a threshold ECDSA protocol. Even though several threshold ECDSA protocols already exist, as we argue, due to lack of robustness in signature generation, they are not well suited for deployment scenarios with large committees of parties, out of which a signiﬁcant fraction might be malicious or prone to DDoS attacks. We propose a new threshold ECDSA protocol that improves upon the state-of-the-art solutions by enabling robustness and fault attributability during signature generation. In addition to that, we improve the signing time and bandwidth of previous solutions by moving expensive operations that are oblivious to the signed message to a separate setup phase. Finally, we back our theoretical results via an empirical evaluation of our protocol in large-scale experiments in LAN and WAN settings.
The variations of the middle meningeal artery within the middle cranial fossa

Two rather common operations on the head involve section of the sensory root of the trigeminal nerve for the relief of intractible pain and ligation of the middle meningeal artery when this vessel has been injured. Since this artery or one of its branches is closely related to both operative procedures, a knowledge of its course and relations is of great value to the surgeon. The only variation mentioned in the standard textbooks of anatomy is a meager remark in regard to the canal for the anterior branch. Eight variations are mentioned in the clinical literature. Not all were observed by the same author and the number of crania examined was relatively small. This study is an attempt to record the significant variations of the middle meningeal artery in the middle cranial fossa and to interpret the results in the light of clinical and anatomical significance. I n order to secure a sufficiently large number of specimens to be significant, it was necessary to invite the cooperation of the anatomy departments of several medical schools. This was graciously rendered and we express our appreciation. The examinations made at Loyola, Illinois and Northwestern Medical Schools were done by the junior author. The observations at Creighton. Nebraska, Utah, California (Berkeley) and Southern California (Los Angeles) Medical Schools were recorded by the senior author, but since both cooperated in a portion of the work the records are entirely comparable.
COVID-19 infections and outcomes in a live registry of heart failure patients across an integrated health care system

Background: Patients with comorbid conditions have a higher risk of mortality with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection, but the impact on heart failure patients living near a disease hotspot is unknown. Therefore, we sought to characterize the prevalence and outcomes of COVID-19 in a live registry of heart failure patients across an integrated health care system in Connecticut. Methods: In this retrospective analysis, the Yale Heart Failure Registry (NCT04237701) that includes 26,703 patients with heart failure across a 6-hospital integrated health care system in Connecticut, was queried on April 16th, 2020 for all patients tested for COVID-19. Sociodemographic and geospatial data as well as, clinical management, respiratory failure, and patient mortality were obtained via the real-time registry. Data on COVID-19 specific care was extracted by retrospective chart review. Results: COVID-19 testing was performed on 900 symptomatic patients, comprising 3.4% of the Yale Heart Failure Registry (N=26,703). Overall, 206 (23%) were COVID-19+. As compared to COVID-19-, these patients were more likely to be older, black, have hypertension, coronary artery disease, and were less likely to be on renin angiotensin blockers (P<0.05, all). COVID-19- patients tended to be more diffusely spread across the state whereas COVID-19+ were largely clustered around urban centers. 20% of COVID-19+ patients died, and age was associated with increased risk of death [OR 1.92 95% CI (1.33-2.78); P<0.001]. Among COVID-19+ patients who were [≥]85 years of age rates of hospitalization were 87%, rates of death 36%, and continuing hospitalization 62% at time of manuscript preparation. Conclusions: In this real-world snapshot of COVID-19 infection among a large cohort of heart failure patients, we found that a small proportion had undergone testing. Patients found to be COVID-19+ tended to be black with multiple comorbidities and clustered around lower socioeconomic status communities. Elderly COVID-19+ patients were very likely to be admitted to the hospital and experience high rates of mortality.
A reconsideration of Dicranoweisia calcarea

On the basis of its gymnostomous capsules, lack of a central strand in its stem, costa with two stereid bands and seepy, calcareous habitat, Dicranoweisia calcarea Bartr. is transferred to Gymnostomum. The species is similar to the Asian G. subrigidulum (Broth.) Chen and G. laxirete (Broth.) Chen in leaf shape and in its smooth, firm- to thick-walled leaf cells; but differs in its decurrent leaf bases and a tendency for the basal leaf cells to be porose. Barbula jacksharpii is considered synonomous with D. calcarea. Since the eipthet calcareum is occupied in Gymnostomum, the correct name for this taxon in Gymnostomum is G. jacksharpii (Crum) Allen comb. nov. The type collection of Dicranoweisia calcarea was made by Julian Steyermark in the Guatemalan de- partment of Huehuetenango. The plants, encrusted with lime, grew on dripping rock at the base of a waterfall. From the first the generic placement of the species has been uncertain. Bartram (1946) sug- gested a relationship with Hymenolopsis (= Hy- menolomopsis) tolucensis Ther. in the Seligeriaceae but "with considerable reservation" settled on Di- cranoweisia.
Taonia lacheana sp. nov. (Dictyotales, Phaeophyta), from the Mediterranean Sea

A new species of the genus Taonia (Dictyotales, Phaeophyta) is described from the Mediterranean Sea. The species is characterized by pseudodichotomous fronds having entire margins and by a pronounced differentiation between the medullary and cortical cells throughout the thallus. Only tetrasporangial plants were found. The species differs from T. atomaria f. ciliata in having differently sized cells in cross section and an entire margin and from T. lennebackerae in both the habit and in the shape of cells in longitudinal section.