Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artificial lighting and disrupted sea-finding behaviour in hatchling loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) on the Woongarra coast, south-east Queensland, Australia

Abstract. Coastal development adjacent to sea turtle nesting beaches can result in an increase in exposure to artificial lighting at night. That lighting can repel nesting females and interfere with the orientation of hatchlings from the nest to the sea. Disrupted hatchling orientation is a serious source of turtle mortality, sufficient to reduce recruitment and contribute to a long-term marine turtle population decline. The purpose of this study was to assess whether artificial lighting disrupts hatchling sea-finding behaviour at the largest loggerhead rookery in the South Pacific, the Woongarra coast, south-east Queensland. The crawling tracks of hatchlings that emerged from nests, as well as staged emergences, were used to assess the effect of lighting conditions at several local beaches on hatchling sea-finding behaviour. Disrupted orientation was observed at only a few locations, excluding the majority of the main nesting beach at Mon Repos Conservation Park. At the sites where orientation was disrupted, normal orientation was restored when a full moon was visible, presumably because lunar illumination reduced the perceived brightness of the artificial lights. The controlled use of lights used for guided turtle-viewing tour groups within Mon Repos conservation Park did not interfere with the sea-finding behaviour of hatchling turtles. Further coastal development, especially at the nearby town of Bargara, requires that a light management plan be formulated to ensure that development does not adversely affect the marine turtles that utilise the local nesting beaches.
Frequency-Limited Reduction of Regular and Singular Circuit Models Via Extended Krylov Subspace Method

During the past decade, model order reduction (MOR) has become key enabler for the efficient simulation of large circuit models. MOR techniques based on balanced truncation (BT) offer very good error estimates and can provide compact models with any desired accuracy over the whole range of frequencies (from dc to infinity). However, in most applications the circuit is only intended to operate at specific frequency windows, which means that the reduced-order model can become unnecessarily large to achieve approximation over all frequencies. In this article, we present a frequency-limited approach which, combined with an efficient low-rank sparse implementation of the extended Krylov subspace (EKS) method, can handle large input models and provably leads to reduced-order models that are either smaller or exhibit better accuracy than full-frequency BT.
Histopathological spectrum of renal Neoplasms and tumor like lesion in a tertiary care center

Introduction: Renal neoplasms are tumors that arise in renal tubular epithelium. These tumors account for about 2% of all cancer deaths. Benign renal neoplasm and tumor like conditions overlap with the malignant tumors. Accurate diagnosis is important for the treatment and prognosis of the patients. Aim: To study histopathology of renal neoplasms and tumor like lesions. To differentiate malignant renal neoplasms from benign and tumor like conditions. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study includes 31 cases admitted in our hospital. Patients who underwent nephrectomy for renal masses were enrolled in the study. Clinical data was obtained, grossing of the nephrectomy specimens and histological examination was done. Immunohistochemistry markers were used wherever necessary. Results: Out of 31 cases studied, 21 were malignant, 3 were benign and 7 were categorized into tumor like conditions. The Panel of IHC markers used in this study were (CD 10, CK 7, CD 117).
Seed variability of the Polish species of the genus Sorbus (Rosaceae)

This paper presents the results of the study on morphological differentiation of seeds of five Polish species of the genus Sorbus L. (S. aria (L.) Crantz, S. aucuparia L. Emend. Hedl. , S. chamaemespilus (L.) Crantz ,S. intermedia (Ehrh.) Pers. and S. torminalis (L.) Crantz). The biometric data of 1980 seeds were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis in attempt to define intraspecific variation and to find differences between studied taxa. Most of the seed traits are significantly correlated and are characterised by moderate level of variation. Seeds of S. aucuparia (both subspecies) are the least variable while seeds of S. torminalis and S. intermedia the most. On the basis of size and shape traits of Sorbus seeds only seeds of S. aucuparia can be defi- nitely distinguished from the others.
Rooting Acacia mangium cuttings: effects of age, within-shoot position and auxin treatment.

The possibilities of vegetatively propagating Acacia mangium through rooted cuttings were examined, focusing on 3 main factors, namely : (i) the age of the donor plant, comparing 6-month-old seedlings to sprouts from a masure stump, (ii) the original within-shoot position of the cutting before collection and (iii) the auxin treatment applied to the cuttings. These 3 factors were shown to influence greatly the capacity of the cuttings for rooting. The best scores in terms of rooting rates were obtained for the plant material collected from (i) the seedlings, (ii) the upper part of the shoot close to the terminal bud and (iii) when treated with auxin. The only interaction confirmed by statistical tests was between the age of the donor plant and the auxin treatment, with a greater auxin induced increment of the rooting rates for the cuttings from seedlings. The results obtained tend to demonstrate that, although capable of improvement by optimizing the investigated factors, the potentiel of Acacia mangium to be propagated by rooted cuttings remains rather limited, especially when starting from masure material. (Resume d'auteur)
Thermodynamic phase transition of a magnetic system curie temperature predicted by the Monte Carlo method

Curie temperature is an important parameter in the second-order thermodynamic phase transition of a magnetic system. However, the classical Heisenberg? s mean field theory tends to overestimate heavily the temperature. In order to solve this problem, firstly, the structure of ferromagnetic and spin-glassy materials in a magnetic system is established by the Ising model. Secondly, the respective energy of ferromagnetic and spin glass states is calculated by Monte Carlo method. Finally, Curie temperature is predicted through the obtained energy, which agrees well with experimental data. A new strategy to estimate accurately Curie temperature is presented.
A 350‐year tree‐ring fire record from Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland: implications for Central European lowland fire history

1. Fires are nowadays small, yet frequent, in temperate Central European conifer forests, but little is known about the fire history in this region. This is likely due to the lack of intact forests that contain old trees and dead wood from which fire history may be reconstructed. An exception is the Białowieża Primeval Forest (BPF) in Poland for which we were able to reconstruct the fire history in detail.
Fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissues of organic and conventional Blanca Andaluza suckling kids

Interest in the preservation of autochthonous breeds such as the Blanca Andaluza goat (meat breed), raised under grazing-based management, has recently increased among Spanish farmers. A study of the possibilities of transformation to organic production needs to analyze the quality of their products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fatty acid (FA) composition of muscle and adipose tissues of Blanca Andaluza goat kids under organic and conventional grazing-based management system. Twenty-four twin kids (12 males, 12 females) were selected from each system. The FA profile was determined in the longissimus thoracis muscle, kidney and pelvic fat. The percentages of C17:0, C17:1, C20:1, C20:4 n-6, C22:2 and several n-3 FAs were higher in organic meat; C12:0, C18:1 trans-11, CLA and C20:5 n-3 were lower in organic meat. The fat depots from the conventional kids showed lower percentages of C12:0, C14:0, C15:0, C17:0, C17:1, C18:3 n-3 and atherogenicity index, and higher percentage of C18:0. In the pelvic fat, the conventional kids displayed lower percentages of C16:0, C18:2 n-6 cis, PUFA, n-3 and n-6 FAs, and greater percentages of C18:1 n-9 cis and MUFA. The conventional kids displayed a major n6:n3 ratio in the kidney fat. No gender differences were observed. Significant differences were found only in some FA percentages of muscle and adipose tissues of suckling kids raised in organic and conventional livestock production systems, and due to this reason conventional grazing-based management farms could easily be transformed into organic production.
Why might roadside mulgas be better mistletoe hosts

We tested the hypothesis that roads in arid central Australia modify roadside hydrology and nutrient patterns creating better habitat for mistletoes (Loranthaceae). In two areas of mulga woodland near Alice Springs where mulgas (Acacia aneura) are the principal mistletoe host, we compared mistletoe abundance, and host foliar water and nutrient content between roadside and interior (100 m from the road) sites. Mistletoes were significantly more abundant close to roadsides than at interior sites and mulgas had significantly higher foliar water contents at roadside compared to interior sites. Mulga foliar P and N levels were not, however, significantly different between roadside and interior sites. We conclude that roads exert a strong influence on the adjacent biota in arid central Australia primarily through facilitating water infiltration at roadside sites.
The role of fish and fisheries in Baltic Sea nutrient dynamics

Many studies show that fish and fisheries management can be important to freshwater nutrient dynamics, but similar reports from marine environments are scarce. In the Baltic Sea, we estimate the removal of nutrients by the fishery to be 1.4% and 7% of the total nitrogen and phosphorus load to the Baltic Sea. Moreover, compared with the anthropogenic load of nutrients that reaches the open sea, the fishery removes 2.4% and 18% of the nitrogen and phosphorus. In addition, we show that the summer increase of fish biomass can explain up to one third of the summer decrease in “total phosphorus” in the upper 40 m of the water column. This suggests that fish may compete with primary producers (particularly cyanobacteria) for phosphorus. The fish and the fishery can thus influence nutrient dynamics in marine systems substantially, and this should be considered in ecosystem oriented fisheries management.
Possible Involvement of a Cell Cycle Control System Dependent on Nuclear Activities in Establishment of the Cell Division Interval in Early Xenopus Embryos

Abstract In early Xenopus embryos, continuous exposure of embryos to aphidicolin and inactivation of the nucleus by ultraviolet-irradiation induce prolongation of the cell division interval. The extent of prolongation of the cell division interval appears to depend on how heavily DNA replication is suppressed by the treatments. Embryos showing significantly prolonged cell division intervals tend to fail normal cell divisions, often forming abortive furrows. There appears to be a critical point for the extent of prolongation of the cell division interval at 30% that divides the success and failure of normal cell division. This percentage, 30%, coincides with that for the prolongation of the interval of oscillatory activities seen in enucleated eggs. The presence of an intact nucleus that can undergo DNA replication rescues normal cell divisions with normal intervals and a normal furrow. Histologically, the nucleus in embryos showing more than 30% prolongation of cell division intervals appears to fail DNA replication and remain unduplicated with a round morphology like the interphase nucleus. A number of unduplicated asters lacking chromosomes are found in these embryos. We conclude from these results that early Xenopus embryos, like late embryos, have a cell cycle control system that is affected by DNA replication and is involved in establishing the cell division interval.
Constitutive nature of the enzymes of citrate metabolism in Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis

Summary Four enzymes of citrate metabolism (viz. citrate lyase, acetolactate synthase, diacetyl reductase and acetoin reductase) were constitutively present in cells of several strains of Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis. In strain DRC1, which was studied in detail, diacetyl reductase and acetoin reductase were partly repressed and acetolactate synthase partly induced by growth on citrate. The stage of growth also affected the formation of each enzyme. The buffer species affected the activity of acetolactate synthase, diacetyl reductase and acetoin reductase.
Improved growth and quality of Dioscorea fordii Prain et Burk and Dioscorea alata plantlets using a temporary immersion system

The effects of temporary immersion system (TIS) culture on the growth and quality of Dioscorea fordii Prain et Burk and Dioscorea alata plantlets were investigated. Results indicate that TIS promoted the growth and quality of D. fordii and D. alata plantlets. Proliferation rate, shoot length, fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of shoots, and total biomass production were significantly (P ≤0.05) higher in the TIS than in gelled and liquid medium, respectively. The TIS also promoted tuberization of D. fordii , and decreased vitrification of D. alata significantly. The healthy plantlets of D. fordii and D. alata obtained in the TIS would probably have positive effects on transplanting in large-scale commercial production.
Patterns of Root Respiration Associated with the Induction of Aluminium Tolerance in Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Aluminium (Al) tolerance in an Al-tolerant cultivar of Phaseolus vulgaris L. («Dade») was found to be an inducible trait. Upon exposure to 10 μM Al, the rate of root elongation was inhibited in comparison to controls. During the following 72 h, the rate of elongation returned to levels comparable to controls. In contrast, root elongation of an Al-sensitive cultivar («Romano») did not recover after exposure to Al. In Dade, the resumption of root elongation following exposure to Al was accompanied by increased rates of root respiration, whereas respiration rates slowly declined over the 72 h treatment period in Romano
Postharvest dehydration of Nebbiolo grapes grown at altitude is affected by time of defoliation

Background and Aims: Sfursat is an Italian wine produced with partially dehydrated Nebbiolo grapes in the Valtellina region which is located at high altitude. The research aims to understand the influence of fruit exposure on the rate of water loss by harvested fruit and the influence of exposure and dehydration on the content of phenolic substances and anthocyanins in the wine. Methods and Results: Clusters of Nebbiolo grapes from control vines (ND) and from vines that were defoliated at fruitset (DFS) or post-veraison (DPV) were harvested at a sugar concentration of about 230 g/L (there was no significant difference among the treatments), and dehydrated at 10, 20 or 30°C and at 60% relative humidity (RH), and air flow. Fruit were sampled at 10 and 20% weight loss (WL). Leaf removal had little effect on the physical characteristics of bunches and on the anthocyanins content and profile of harvested Nebbiolo grapes but affected dehydration. At 10 and 20°C, DFS fruit lost mass more slowly than DPV and ND fruit. In ND fruit, 20% WL reduced anthocyanins from 554 mg/kg fresh mass (FM) at harvest to 458, 432 and 396 mg/kg FM at 10, 20 and 30°C, respectively. In DFS and DPV berries, anthocyanins increased during dehydration at 10°C. At harvest, ND berries had a lower content of total stilbenes than those from defoliated vines. Dehydration (10°C, 20% WL) increased stilbene concentration in ND and DPV fruit. Dehydration at 10°C induced a rise in the flavonol concentration in fruit from defoliated vines. Catechin concentration was 106.5 mg/kg DM (dry mass), the highest value in ND berries at harvest. Wine was produced only from grapes dehydrated at 10°C. Wine from DFS fruit had a higher content of phenolic substances (2704.8 mg/L) and anthocyanins (104 mg/L) than that from DPV (2454.9 and 96.2 mg/L, respectively) and ND (2301.9 and 100.5 mg/L, respectively) fruit. Conclusions: Postharvest dehydration was slower where vines had been defoliated and resulted in changes in the ratios among groups of phenolic substances as well as among single phenolic components. Significance of the Study: In Nebbiolo grapes for Sfurzat wine production, defoliation at fruit set enables fruit to reach phenolic maturity at a lower sugar concentration allowing dehydration to increase sugar concentration without producing excessively alcoholic wines.
YIELD RESPONSE TO APPLIED NUTRIENTS AND ESTIMATES OF N2 FIXATION IN 33-YEAR-OLD SOYBEAN–WHEAT EXPERIMENT ON A VERTISOL

SUMMARY Soybean–wheat systems are the major grain production systems on vertisols in Madhya Pradesh, India. A study on yield response to nutrients (N, P, K, S and Zn) and estimation of N2 fixation by soybean under different nutrient combinations was studied in a 33-year-old, long-term experiment on soybean–wheat–maize system. For estimation of N2 fixation, annual input–output N balance technique was used. The experiment was initiated in June 1972, comprising eight treatments, viz. control (no fertiliser and no manure), 100% N, 100% NP, 100% NPK, 150% NPK, 100% NPK + 15 t farmyard manure (FYM), 100% NPK + Zn and 100% NPK – S with four replications arranged in a randomised block design. The amount of N applied (100%) to each crop of soybean, wheat and maize was 20, 120 and 80 kg ha−1, P (100%) 35, 35 and 26 kg ha−1 and K (100%) 16, 32 and 16 kg ha−1, respectively. FYM was applied one week before the onset of monsoons. Both soybean and wheat yields responded to applied N and P during all these years. The yield response to K was observed after 10 years. The estimated amount of N2 fixed by soybean annually varied from 62.8 to 161.1 kg ha−1; however, the net gain of N in soil after offsetting the N derived by soybean from soil varied from 24.2 to 66.5 kg ha−1 annually. Maximum N gain was recorded on application of P. There was a linear relationship between the amount of harvestable biomass N and residual biomass N, whereas quantity of N added to soil has a curvilinear relationship with the harvestable biomass N. The highest percentage of N derived from the atmosphere (% Ndfa) was recorded in the control treatment, but the highest amount of N2 fixed was found in the 100% NPK treatment. Balanced use of nutrient is the best option to harness the N2 fixation potential of soybean.
Effects of solarization and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (VAM) on phytopthora blight (Phytophthora capsici leonian) and yield in pepper

In this work, effects of soil solarization and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus, Glomus intraradices on diseases caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian in pepper plants and crop yields were studied. At the end of the growth season, 82.5% mortality of plants and 47.7% of yield loss caused by P. capsici were obtained in control plots. At the beginning of the vegetative period, plant mortality caused by P. capsici in solarized plots was less than that in non-solarized plots, but it was higher at the end of the experiments. The total crop yield, however, increased to 20.9% by solarization. At the beginning of the growth season, anthocyanin production, early flowering and fruit settings were observed in the seedlings inoculated with VAM. Plant mortality caused by P. capsici was inhibited by 69.4% in plants inoculated with VAM fungus, but this rate decreased to 14.9% at the end of the experiment. On the other hand, total yield increased to 40.4% in plots infested with P. capsici, but treated with VAM. The total yield increased to 49.9% in pathogen free solarized + VAM inoculated grown plants plots in comparison to pathogen free non-solarized + non-VAM inoculated grown plants plots. This increase was 42.8% in solarized + VAM inoculated grown plants plots, which were infested with P. capsici. Total yield was 22.7% in solarized + VAM inoculated grown plants plots without P. capsici in comparison to non-solarized plots + non-VAM inoculated grown plants plots but infected with P. capsici. The yield loss caused by P. capsici in pepper was decreased by means of long-term effect of soil solarization with artificially VAM inoculation.
Pilot Allocation Based on Simulated Annealing for Sparse Channel Estimation in UWB OFDM Systems

In ultra wideband (UWB) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, compressive sensing (CS) is often employed to produce a pilot-assisted estimate of the sparse channel. The corresponding estimation performance depends to a large extent on the considered pilot allocation (PA) method, i.e., the way to select which OFDM subcarriers are best used to transmit the pilot symbols. The development of good practical PA methods has recently received a lot of attention in the scientific literature. The main challenge is to provide an attractive trade-off between the complexity of the PA method and the achieved channel estimation performance (and by extension the achieved bit error rate). In this paper, we propose a novel PA method based on simulated annealing (SA). Simulations are conducted to confirm the validity of our approach. Compared to the state-of-the-art method, the proposed PA method is shown to achieve better performance with a lower complexity.
Delayed mating and reproduction in the autumn gum moth Mnesampela privata

1 The success of mating disruption using synthetic sex pheromones depends not only on preventing mating, but also on delaying mating in the target insect. Using the geometrid pest of Eucalyptus plantations, Mnesampela privata (Guenée), we determined the effect of delaying mating when imposed on males only, females only or on both sexes simultaneously, for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. 2 Delayed mating had a significant negative impact on reproduction, with a 0.89‐fold decrease in the likelihood of mating and a 0.67‐fold decrease in the likelihood of that mating resulting in fertile eggs for every day that mating is delayed. A mating delay of 7 days reduced the mean number of viable eggs laid to 4–13% of that laid by moths paired immediately after emergence. 3 Male only imposed mating delays had a significantly lower effect on reducing the likelihood of pairs mating than when both sexes were delayed. A delay imposed on one sex only or on both sexes simultaneously, however, had a similar negative impact on the proportion of fertile matings as well as on the total number of fertile eggs laid. 4 Longevity of mated female and male M. privata was significantly different between mating delay treatments, with a significant decline in female longevity when they mated with older males. 5 The underlying mechanisms causing a decline in female reproductive output when a mating delay was imposed on males versus females are discussed in relation to the reproductive biology of M. privata and the potential of using mating disruption strategies to control populations in Eucalyptus plantations.