Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceptual Grouping Reveals Distinct Roles for Sustained Slow Wave Activity and Alpha Oscillations in Working Memory

Abstract Multiple neural signals have been found to track the number of items stored in working memory (WM). These signals include oscillatory activity in the alpha band and slow-wave components in human EEG, both of which vary with storage loads and predict individual differences in WM capacity. However, recent evidence suggests that these two signals play distinct roles in spatial attention and item-based storage in WM. Here, we examine the hypothesis that sustained negative voltage deflections over parieto-occipital electrodes reflect the number of individuated items in WM, whereas oscillatory activity in the alpha frequency band (8–12 Hz) within the same electrodes tracks the attended positions in the visual display. We measured EEG activity while participants stored the orientation of visual elements that were either grouped by collinearity or not. This grouping manipulation altered the number of individuated items perceived while holding constant the number of locations occupied by visual stimuli. The negative slow wave tracked the number of items stored and was reduced in amplitude in the grouped condition. By contrast, oscillatory activity in the alpha frequency band tracked the number of positions occupied by the memoranda and was unaffected by perceptual grouping. Perceptual grouping, then, reduced the number of individuated representations stored in WM as reflected by the negative slow wave, whereas the location of each element was actively maintained as indicated by alpha power. These findings contribute to the emerging idea that distinct classes of EEG signals work in concert to successfully maintain on-line representations in WM.
Experimental Analysis of Scour Features at Chevrons in Straight Channel

Eco-friendly river restoration structures are used to create localized scour pools which serve as fish nurseries and promote biodiversity. In this category, chevrons are relatively new structures designed to maintain navigability in rivers. The scour hole formed in the wake region of chevrons can either act as a disposal site for dredged material or as a resting spot for different fish species. However, only few studies are present in the literature dealing with the scour mechanism due to chevrons. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the scour features at equilibrium, under different hydraulic conditions and transversal locations in a straight channel. Tests were conducted with both isolated and multiple chevrons in series arrangement. Scour morphology types were classified and their fields of existence were established as well. A detailed dimensional analysis was conducted, allowing us to identify the main parameters governing the scour phenomenon and derive a novel equivalent densimetric Froude number. Finally, empirical equations were developed to predict the maximum scour depth and length as well as the maximum dune height.
Asymmetry in Three-Dimensional Sprinting with and without Running-Specific Prostheses

As a whole, human sprinting seems to be a completely periodic and symmetrical motion. This view is changed when a person runs with a running-specific prosthesis after a unilateral amputation. The aim of our study is to investigate differences and similarities between unilateral below-knee amputee and non-amputee sprinters—especially with regard to whether asymmetry is a distracting factor for sprint performance. We established three-dimensional rigid multibody models of one unilateral transtibial amputee athlete and for reference purposes of three non-amputee athletes. They consist of 16 bodies (head, ipper, middle and lower trunk, upper and lower arms, hands, thighs, shanks and feet/running specific prosthesis) with 30 or 31 degrees of freedom (DOFs) for the amputee and the non-amputee athletes, respectively. Six DOFs are associated with the floating base, the remaining ones are rotational DOFs. The internal joints are equipped with torque actuators except for the prosthetic ankle joint. To model the spring-like properties of the prosthesis, the actuator is replaced by a linear spring-damper system. We consider a pair of steps which is modeled as a multiphase problem with each step consisting of a flight, touchdown and single-leg contact phase. Each phase is described by its own set of differential equations. By combining motion capture recordings with a least squares optimal control problem formulation including constraints, we reconstructed the dynamics of one sprinting trial for each athlete. The results show that even the non-amputee athletes showed less symmetrical sprinting than expected when examined on an individual level. Nevertheless, the asymmetry is much more pronounced in the amputee athlete. The amputee athlete applies larger torques in the arm and trunk joints to compensate the asymmetry and experiences a destabilizing influence of the trunk movement. Hence, the inter-limb asymmetry of the amputee has a significant effect on the control of the sprint movement and the maintenance of an upright body position.
First record of the genus Augilina Melichar, 1914 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Caliscelidae) from China, with descriptions of two new bamboo-feeding species

The planthopper genus Augilina Melichar, 1914, is recorded in China for the fi rst time. Two new species of the genus Augilina, A. tetraina Chen & Gong sp. nov. and A. triaina Chen & Gong sp. nov., are described and illustrated from South China. The genus now has a total of four described species. New generic characteristics are proposed and photographs of the new species are provided. A checklist and a key to the species of Augilina are also included.
Progressive Multimedia Exposure for Specific Phobias: A Clinical Case of Claustrophobia and Acrophobia

We present a multimedia exposure intervention for specific phobias using images and videos in a specific case of claustrophobia and acrophobia. The patient was a 47-year-old woman named “Jane” (anonymized name) who was diagnosed with fear of heights (acrophobia) and fear of confined spaces and enclosed areas (claustrophobia). The procedure was a single-case A-B design with several concurrent baselines, pre-post measurements, and two follow-ups (6 and 12 months). For the assessment, there were several questionnaires on anxiety and phobias and the continuous evaluation of anxiety and heart rate during treatment assays for each session. The treatment consisted of eight sessions of progressive multimedia exposure: images, videos, and in vivo settings. The results showed a decrease in the score for pre-post questionnaires (Z = −4.196, p < .0010) and also a total decrease in anxiety in the different baselines (PND 100%). The benefits were maintained during 1 year of follow-up. After the treatment, “Jane” could be confronted with situations she previously feared, such as being on floors of different levels (up to ninth floor), in closed places, in crowded elevators, and traveling on buses and trains for long distances.
Presolar Silicate and Oxide Grains Found in Lithic Clasts from Isheyevo and the Fine-grained Matrix of Northwest Africa 801

We report on the discovery of 33 oxygen-anomalous grains from the CH3/CBb3 chondrite Isheyevo and the CR2 chondrite Northwest Africa (NWA) 801. Oxygen isotopic compositions indicate the origin of the majority grains in stellar outflows of low-mass (∼1.2 to ∼2.2 M ⊙), solar-metallicity red giant or asymptotic giant branch stars, while highly 17O-enriched grains probably have nova origins. Isotopic compositions of the eight 18O-rich grains, including an extremely 18O-rich grain (∼16 times solar 18O/16O ratio), are reproduced by zone mixing of SNe II ejecta. Close-to-normal silicon, magnesium, and calcium isotopic compositions of grains are consistent with the isotope exchange in the interstellar medium or the meteorite parent body, while two grains with Si isotopic anomalies and one grain with Mg isotopic anomalies reflect the Galactic chemical evolution. An Isheyevo clast showed several hot spots with moderate to high 15N enrichments, including a hot spot with an extreme 15N excess of (7225 ± 316)‰. However, no correlation between 15N enrichment and presolar oxygen-rich grain abundance is found. Grains with elliptical shapes probably indicate primary condensation feature. Two complex grains possibly display decoupling of the isotopic and elemental compositions in the grain formation environments. The low silicate-to-oxide abundance ratio for the fine-grained chondrule rims in NWA 801 likely reflects the preferential destruction of silicates due to terrestrial weathering. In NWA 801, the presolar O-rich grain abundance in fine-grained chondrule rims is higher than in the interchondrule matrix, similar to the trend observed for some aqueously altered chondrites of petrologic type 2.
Variation of fibre biometry in different provenances of Eucalyptus globulus Labill

The fibre biometry of Eucalyptus globulus was measured in 7-year-old trees from 37 provenances grown on two sites, using cores taken at breast height (b.h.). Measurements were made at different radial positions (10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of total radius) and a mean fibre length for the cross-section was calculated as an area-weighted average. The mean fibre length was significantly influenced by provenance and very significantly by site, with a range of variation between 0.78 and 1.05 mm for one site and 0.92 and 1.03 mm for the other. A strong radial variation of fibre length was found in all cases, with an increase from pith to bark. Fibre width and wall thickness ranged 15.8 to 22.2 pm and 3.8 to 5.8 pm on one site and 14.5 to 20.0 pm and 4.2 to 5.8 pm for the other. The variation in fibre cross-sectional dimensions was not significantly influenced by provenance.
Spatial prediction of landslides along National Highway-6, Hoa Binh province, Vietnam using novel hybrid models

Abstract Landslides are considered to be a significant risk to life and property all over the world in general and in Vietnam in particular. Spatial prediction of landslides is required to reduce the landslides risk and to plan the development of hilly areas. In this regard, the accurate landslide susceptibility maps are very useful tool for decision-makers to identify areas where new landslides are likely to occur for planning timely adequate remedial measures. For the development of landslide susceptibility maps, seven hybrid models were developed namely AdaBoost-LMT (ABLMT), bagging-LMT (BLMT), cascade generalization-LMT (CGLMT), dagging-LMT (DLMT), MultiBoostAB-LMT (MBLMT), rotation forest-LMT (RFLMT) and random sub-space-LMT (RSSLMT) with logistic model trees (LMTs) as a base classifier. The model’s performance and validation were assessed through various statistical indices, such as sensitivity (SST), specificity (SPF), accuracy (ACC), area under ROC curve (AUC), RMSE and k index. The results show that all these models are performing well for the prediction of landslide susceptibility in the study area, but the performance of the RSSLMT model is the best (AUC: 0.816). In this study, open-source data has been used for the development of landslide susceptibility maps Along National Highway-6, passing through Hoa Binh province, Vietnam. These approaches can be applied also in other hilly regions of the world which are susceptible to landslides for better landslides prevention and management.
Incentives Increase Relative Positivity of Review Content and Enjoyment of Review Writing

A series of controlled experiments examine how the strategy of incentivizing reviews influences consumers’ expressions of positivity. Incentivized (vs. unincentivized) reviews contained a greater proportion of positive relative to negative emotion across a variety of product and service experiences (e.g., videos, service providers, consumer packaged goods companies). This effect occurred for both financial and nonfinancial incentives and when assessing review content across multiple natural language processing tools and human judgments. Incentives influence review content by modifying the experience of writing reviews. That is, when incentives are associated with review writing, they cause the positive affect that results from receiving an incentive to transfer to the review-writing experience, making review writing more enjoyable. In line with this process, the effect of an incentive on review positivity attenuates when incentives are weakly (vs. strongly) associated with review writing (i.e., incentive for “participating in an experiment” vs. “writing a review”) and when the incentive does not transfer positive affect (i.e., when an incentive is provided by a disliked company). By examining when incentives do (vs. do not) adjust the relative positivity of written reviews, this research offers theoretical insight into the literature on incentives, motivation, and word of mouth, with practical implications for managers.
Photocatalytic removal of NO x using TiO 2 -coated zeolite

Application of photocatalytic nanoparticles has been recently gaining an increased attention as air purifying material for sustainable urban development. The present work reports the photocatalytic removal of gaseous phase nitrogen oxides (NOx) using TiO2–coated zeolite to be applied as a filter media for the urban green infrastructure such as raingardens. The TiO2–coated zeolite was synthesized by simple wet chemistry method and tested in a continuous-flow photo-reactor for its removal efficiency of NOx under different conditions of the weight percentage of TiO2 coated on the zeolite, and gas retention time. The removal efficiency of NOx in general increased as the weight percentage of TiO2 coated on the zeolite increased up to 15-20%. Greater than 90% of NOx was removed at a retention time of one minute using the TiO2–coated zeolite (TiO2 weight percentage = 20%). Overall, TiO2–coated zeolite showed greater efficiency of NOx removal compared to TiO2 powder probably by providing additional reaction sites from the porous structure of zeolite. It was presumed that the degradation of NOx is attributed to both the physical adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation that could simultaneously occur at the catalyst surface.
Housing and Commodity Investment Booms in a Small Open Economy

We add a housing sector to the Reserve Bank of Australia’s small open-economy model to explore the effect of commodity price shocks on housing investment. The model predicts that housing investment booms may follow commodity booms. Commodity booms have a persistent effect on housing services price inflation and they ‘crowd out’ housing investment. When the commodity boom ends, the combination of higher prices and falling interest rates induces a significant housing investment response. The model attributes a significant share of the recent increase in housing investment in Australia directly to falling commodity prices. JEL Classifications: E23, E32, R31
One-Pot Isomerization of n-Alkanes by Super Acidic Solids: Sulfated Aluminum-Zirconium Binary Oxides

Abstract Super acidic nanostructured sulfated aluminum-zirconium binary oxides in mole ratios of Zr4+: Al3+ as 2:1 (SAZ-1), 1:1 (SAZ-2), 1:2(SAZ-3) and the reference catalyst super acidic sulfated zirconia (SZ) were synthesized by a precipitation method. Firstly, the catalytic performance of these four catalysts was evaluated during the isomerization of n-hexane to 2-methyl pentane and 3-methyl pentane, n-heptane and n-octane to their corresponding branched chain isomers at low temperature and pressure conditions (40°C and 1 atm). SAZ-1 performed the highest active and selective isomerization of n-hexane, n-heptane, and n-octane into their corresponding branched chain isomers. The catalytic activity of the reference catalyst SZ was the lowest among the four synthesized catalysts. TEM analysis applied to SAZ-1 and SZ indicated the presence of particle-bulks having average size of 20 nm; moreover, these materials presented an amorphous nature, having no particular surface morphology. XRD confirmed the amorphous structure of SAZ-1 and SZ as well as indicated their internal phase structure. FTIR generated ideas about different linkages and bond connectivities between atoms and groups in SAZ-1 and SZ. Ammonia-TPD of these two materials confirmed the higher super acidic nature of SAZ-1 and lower super acidic nature of SZ. Catalyst evaluation and characterization allowed to propose a reaction mechanism, elucidating a possible role of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites on the studied reaction-catalyst, being the former active sites the main factor leading to isomerization reaction. AFM and SEM pictures indicated the nature of the surface of the catalysts. Nevertheless, SEM analysis before and after the reaction displayed that catalyst morphology was modified and could influence the activity of the catalyst. The use of SAZ-1 is cost saving as well as energy saving.
Good Corporate Governance: Does The Timeliness of Financial Reporting Has an Effect to The Investors’ Reaction?

This research aims to find out the influence of independent committee boards, audit committee repats, foreign ownership, and audit quality on the timeliness of financial reporting and their impact on investors' reactions both directly and indirectly. This research uses a quantitative method with population and sample of companies registered in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). Data will be processed using path analysis using IMB SPSS Statistic 22 software. Based on the results of this research, it is known that directly, independent commissioner variables and audit quality have a positive effect on investor reactions, while foreign ownership variables and audit committee meetings have a negative effect on investors’ reactions. While the indirect influence can be known that only audit committee meetings, foreign ownership, and audit quality can have a significant impact on investors' reactions through the timeliness of disclosure of financial statements as intervening variables. The implication of this research is to prove that the existence of corporate governance in terms of determining the intensity of audit committee meetings, foreign ownership, and determination of KAP selection in improving the quality of audits can make the company more efficient and timely in disclosing its financial statements in order make positive reactions from investors that indicates good news for the company.
The debtor-attributes information and the probability of performing loans in the microfinance sector

Based on the recent evidence of the high rate of non-performing loans in Indonesia’s microfinance sector, there is a need to formulate a mechanism that could control such credit risk. This study attempts to identify the pivotal determinant factorsresponsible for performing loans. In particular, this research proposes demand-side factors, such as debtor-attributes information, as critical for ensuring installment payments. Using unique data from microfinance in Central Java, it employs logistic regression analysis to prove that debtors’ age and type of collateral significantly affect loan performance. This paper further shows that other variables, such as the payment period and the interest rate, also substantially affect credit risk. These findings have empirical and practical significance. For practical purposes, this research develops the new perspective that debtor-specific information, particularly on their behavioral aspects, requires more in-depth review. This insight may be useful for developing new credit-analyzing tools to alleviate severe non-performing loans. Empirically, this research improves the study of antecedent variables that influence performing loans.
Trade Volume Prediction Based on a Three-Stage Model When Arctic Sea Routes Open

With the advancement of global warming, the Arctic sea routes (ASRs) may open for the entire year. The ASRs will be far more competitive than they are now, and they will be the major international sea routes in the future. To date, most studies have researched the economic feasibility in the short term from a company’s perspective. To help to plan the shipping market in the future, we developed a three-stage model to simulate the trade demand of the ASRs for the long term. This model firstly considers the seasonal sea ice dynamics in the future and plans new paths for vessels shipping through the Arctic. Additionally, an improved trade prediction model was developed to adapt to the long-term forecasts. After verification, the accuracy of the model was found to be very high (R2 = 0.937). In comparison with another transportation cost model and a trade prediction model, our model was more reasonable. This study simulated the trade volumes of China, Europe (EU), and North America (NA) in 2100 with the ASRs open. The results show that the percentage of port trade can be up to 26% in representative concentration pathway (RCP)2.6, and the percentage of port trade can be up to 52% in RCP8.5.
The Shape of Fluvial Gravels: Insights from Fiji’s Sabeto River

This project aims to re-assess our understanding of the shape of fluvial bedload gravels by drawing together existing information on fluvial gravel shape. At its crux, however, is the interpretation of a large, high-quality set of measurements made on bedload gravels from the Sabeto River of western Viti Levu, Fiji. This work reveals that the apparent simplicity displayed by most studies of downstream rounding disguises a complex pattern of stepwise reversals to an angular state, the result of the splitting of cobble- and boulder-sized particles. Particle sphericity changes rapidly during the initial stages of transport. Along the Sabeto, this seems to be the result of attrition, with breakage generating the low and continuing presence of low sphericity particles in the system. Elsewhere, however, sphericity is a consequence of shape sorting and we speculate that rivers globally exist along a sorting–attrition continuum. The form of fluvial gravels is not what would be expected were sorting the dominant control on gravel form. Instead measurements of form display a complex relationship with roundness (and thus with breakage and abrasion). Fluvial gravels appear to evolve to a distinctive shape that may offer a means of distinguishing the products of riverine deposition.