Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimally-Invasive Secondary Cytoreduction in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

Simple Summary Ovarian cancer (OC) represents one of the most lethal cancers in women, with most cases diagnosed at an advanced stage. Recurrence occurs in around 70% of women within 5 years of diagnosis. In this era, in which maintenance therapy with PARP-inhibitors is the standard of care, most recurrent OC (ROC) patients are platinum-sensitive, and the choice of treatment becomes crucial. Randomized clinical trials investigated the role of surgery plus chemotherapy in the treatment of ROC, underlying an advantage in terms of progression-free survival and overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone. New recommendations concluded that platinum-sensitive OC patients should be assessed for eligibility for secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) in a gynecological oncology center. In selected cases, a minimally-invasive approach can be used. This narrative review is focused on minimally-invasive SCS and on the wide range of elements that must be considered in patient selection. Abstract The role of secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC) has been widely increased in recent years, especially in trying to improve the quality of life of these patients by utilising a minimally-invasive (MI) approach. However, surgery in previously-treated patients may be challenging, and patient selection and surgical planning are crucial. Unfortunately, at the moment, validated criteria to select patients for MI-SCS are not reported, and no predictors of its feasibility are currently available, probably due to the vast heterogeneity of recurrence patterns. The aim of this narrative review is to describe the role of secondary cytoreductive surgery and, in particular, minimally-invasive procedures, in ROC, analyzing patient selection, outcomes, criticisms, and future perspectives.
Joint Optimization of Radio Resources and Code Partitioning in Mobile Edge Computing

The aim of this paper is to propose a computation offloading strategy for mobile edge computing. We exploit the concept of call graph, which models a generic computer program as a set of procedures related to each other through a weighted directed graph. Our goal is to derive the optimal partition of the call graph establishing which procedures are to be executed locally or remotely. The main novelty of our work is that the optimal partition is obtained jointly with the selection of radio parameters, e.g., transmit power and constellation size, in order to minimize the energy consumption at the mobile handset, under a latency constraint taking into account transmit time and execution time. We consider both single and multi-channel transmission strategies and we prove that a globally optimal solution can be achieved in both cases. Finally, we propose a suboptimal strategy aimed at solving a relaxed version of the original problem in order to tradeoff complexity and performance of the proposed framework. Finally, several numerical results illustrate under what conditions in terms of call graph topology, communication strategy, and computation parameters, the proposed offloading strategy provides large performance gains.
Current Status of Microsporidium Among Hospitalised Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) Infected Patients, Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria

: Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasitic fungi causing chronic diarrhea, particularly among immunocompromised patients. Microsporidial infections have been recognized as an increasingly important infection, particularly among those hospitalised with HIV/AIDS infected patients at the federal medical centre (FMC), Keffi, Nasarawa State. One health facility was used to engage HIV/AIDS infected patient accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) to identify the presence of microsporidium and to determine the associated risk factors. 252 stool samples were examined for microsporidial spores by modified giemsa staining technique. The overall prevalence rate of 15.08% was recorded. Based on age group, microsporidia infection was common among patients aged between 61-70years 15.0% while sex-related, the male had 30.43% rate of infection. Though, marital status, occupation
An efficient and low-profile metasurface-based polarization converter with linear and circular polarization efficiencies for X- and Ku-Band applications

In this study, a metasurface-based linear and circular polarization converter operating on the reflection mode is proposed for X- and Ku-band microwave applications. The proposed converter offers an optimum performance with a polarization conversion ratio (PCR) and polarization matching ratio (PMR) greater than 93 in the bandwidth for a linearly polarized in the y-direction and right-handed circular polarized (RHCP) incident waves. Besides, the design performs over 80 PCR performance up to under oblique incidence. Moreover, the proposed converter is capable of left-handed circular polarization conversion between 7.42 and 7.68 GHz for a y-polarized incident wave. The design offers a relative bandwidth (RBW) of 71.36 . The converter design is constructed with metal termination, an easily accessible FR-4 substrate and a simple design metasurface. Surface currents of the polarization converter at resonance frequencies of 8.77, 12.88 and were examined to understand its working mechanism. In addition, when the proposed design is rearranged with the appropriate geometry, the monostatic RCS reduction value in the 8.0–17.7 range is observed to be higher than 10 dB. CST program (a commercial 3D electromagnetic simulator) was used in simulations. The simulated device was fabricated with a traditional board fabrication technique. Simulation results were verified with free space measurements calibrated by the thru-reflect-line calibration procedure. The performance and efficiency of the proposed polarization converter were compared with other converters in the literature.
Analysis of magnetic anomalies over Yellowstone National Park: mapping of Curie point isothermal surface for geothermal reconnaissance

The bottom of the magnetized crust determined from the spectral analysis of residual magnetic anomalies is generally interpreted as the level of the Curie point isotherm. This paper studies the spatial variation of the Curie point isotherm level in Yellowstone National Park with the help of aeromagnetic data. A very shallow isothermal surface at a depth of only 5–6 km below sea level is associated with the central part of the Yellowstone caldera. It seems to extend along a narrow corridor toward the southwestern and eastern edges of the map. Except in a few localized spots, the isotherm deepens considerably in the areas outside the caldera. Because the caldera encloses most of the areas of hydrothermal alteration, fumaroles, and boiling springs in the park, this study indicates a strong correlation between the spatial variation of the Curie isotherm level and the concentration of subsurface geothermal energy.
Enhancement of IL-6 Production Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein and Bangladeshi COVID-19 Patients’ Sera

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that can have detrimental effects on multiple organs and accelerate patient mortality. This study, which encompassed 130 confirmed COVID-19 patients who were assessed at three different time points (i.e., 3, 7, and 12 days) after the onset of symptoms, investigated interleukin-6 (IL-6) enhancement induced by a viral nucleocapsid (N) protein from a myeloid cell line. Disease severity was categorized as mild, moderate, or severe. The severe cases were characterized as having significant elevations in serum IL-6, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, ferritin, creatinine, leukocytes, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, and albumin levels compared with mild and moderate cases. To evaluate IL-6-inducing activity, heat-inactivated sera from these patients were incubated with and without the N protein. The findings showed a progressive increase in IL-6 production in severe cases upon N protein stimulation. There was a strong correlation between anti-N antibodies and levels of IL-6 secreted by myeloid cells in the presence of N protein and sera, indicating the crucial role that the anti-N antibody plays in inducing IL-6 production. Uncontrolled IL-6 production played a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis, exacerbating both disease severity and mortality. Efficiently targeting the N protein could potentially be employed as a therapeutic strategy for regulating the immune response and alleviating inflammation in severe cases.
SOME LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS RELATED TO THE RESULTS OF PRESSUREMETER TESTS

The results of an undrained pressuremeter expansion may be interpreted to provide the stress-strain curve and the total stress path followed by the elements of soil around the instrument. If pore-pressures are measured during the expansion the effective stress path followed by the soil can also be deduced. Stress-strain curves and total and effective stress paths are presented for pressuremeter tests on three different clays at different overconsolidation ratios. It is possible to use a true triaxial apparatus to apply the same strain path to a single element of soil as is followed by the elements of soil around the pressuremeter. The results of three such true triaxial tests on samples of clay with different overconsolidation ratios are presented and discussed in some detail. This presentation is made first in terms of pressuremeter stress and strain parameters, but because more complete information about the state of stress in the element is obtained in the laboratory tests, a second presentation in ter.
Measuring Soil Hydraulic Properties Using a Cased Borehole Permeameter: Falling‐Head Analysis

The falling‐head cased borehole analysis of Philip for determining the field‐saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) and sorptive number (α*) in the vadose zone was extended and assessed. The extension allows several water discharge configurations (vertical, radial, combined vertical and radial), variable length (L) and radius (a) of outflow screen, variable reservoir radius, and use of Excel Solver to calculate Kfs and α* via numerical optimization. The assessment used simulated borehole drawdown curves from HYDRUS‐2D to determine the accuracy with which the Philip and extended solutions determined Kfs and α*. Using the Philip “flow efficiency correction,” CP = π2/8, and “gravity factor,” GP = equivalent sphere radius r0 (maximum gravity effect), caused the Philip and extended solutions to overestimate Kfs or α* by amounts ranging from a few percent in strong‐capillarity soils to several orders of magnitude in weak‐capillarity soils. Replacing CP with CE = 1 (no flow efficiency correction) and GP with GE = 0 (negligible gravity effect) in the extended solution resulted in accurate Kfs determinations (≤20% error) regardless of discharge geometry, screen configuration, drawdown range, or soil capillarity. Consistently accurate determination of α* required use of the CE and GE coefficients, 1 ≤ L/a ≤ 4, and avoidance of small borehole drawdowns. Solver‐based determination of Kfs and α* using several heads distributed along the drawdown curve was less sensitive to measurement error and lack of data‐model fit than the two‐head approaches of Philip and others. The extended analysis improves the accuracy and utility of the falling‐head cased borehole permeameter.
Modelling the potential distribution of Karnal bunt of wheat in South Africa

The objective of this paper was to use established meteorological modelling methods to determine wheat growing regions in South Africa that would be favourable to infection by Tilletia indica, and to determine whether irrigation schedules influence climatic suitability for the pathogen. Under natural climatic conditions, only locations planted to rainfed spring-type wheat in the western and southern production regions of the Western Cape experienced climatic conditions suited to T. indica development. Humid Thermal Indexes (HTI) were usually within the suitable range of 2.2 to 3.3 (HTI range 2.09–3.20, mean 2.58) and most locations experienced at least one Suitable Rain Event (SRE) (range 0.78–2.44) during the susceptible period. In contrast, central and eastern wheat growing regions in South Africa were likely to be too hot and/or dry under natural climatic conditions (HTI range 0.61–1.67, mean 1.06) and there was usually less than one SRE (range 0–0.63) for early and mid-planted wheat. HTI usually increased to levels within the suitable range for T. indica development (HTI range 1.56–2.57, mean 2.14) in early-planted irrigated wheat. For mid- and late-planted irrigated wheat, HTI also increased, however, levels mostly remained below the minimum critical level of 2.2 (range 1.13–2.29, mean 1.59). These results indicate that in irrigated wheat, the later the crop is sown the less likely suitable climatic conditions for pathogen development will prevail. This may not apply to farms where crops are irrigated every 24 h, as minimum critical relative humidity (RH) is likely to be maintained and the probability of T. indica spores surviving would potentially be increased. Farmers may need to consider altering irrigation schedules so that suitable climatic conditions for development and spread of T. indica are limited.
Mesozoic-Cenozoic evolution of the North Patagonian Batholith in Aysen, southern Chile

A detailed Rb-Sr geochronological and geochemical study has been carried out on granitoids of the North Patagonian batholith in Aysén. The results for 25 plutonic bodies reveal a complex age pattern. The principal zones defined are, from west to east: Late Cretaceous (a single 76 Ma pluton), Early Cretaceous (c. 135 Ma), Eocene (c. 45 Ma), and Early Miocene (25-15 Ma), reverting to mid-Cretaceous (120-90 Ma) in the Main Cordillera. The igneous suite is typically metaluminous and calc-alkaline, with hornblende-biotite granodiorite and tonalite dominant, although small bodies of Late Miocene/Pliocene (c. 10-5 Ma) peraluminous leucogranite occur sporadically. Tertiary plutonism extends to gabbroic compositions and is concentrated in the vicinity of the dextral strike-slip Liquine-Ofqui fault zone. The highest initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (c. 0.7050) occur in the Early Cretaceous group, with a sharp decrease to 0.7034–0.7045 that persists until a Late Miocene reversal to higher values (0.7040–0.7048). These variations are reflected by Nd isotopes, but trends in the ɛSr, v. ɛNd, diagram show that this is not due to contamination from the accretionary complex into which the batholith was emplaced. An origin by melting of mafic crustal underplate and lower crust is suggested for the main magma suite. The discrete episodes of magmatism correlate with significant changes in subduction kinematics.
Disclosure in Incentivized Reviews: Does It Protect Consumers?

The well-documented rating inflation of incentivized reviews (IRs) can mislead consumers into choosing a product that they would otherwise not buy. To protect consumers from this undesirable influence, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission recommends that reviewers conspicuously disclose any material connection they may have with sellers. In theory, such disclosures safeguard consumers by motivating reviewers to be truthful and inducing consumers to discount inflated IR ratings. Our research finds, however, that IR disclosure accomplishes neither. Specifically, our empirical analysis of consumer reviews on Amazon reveals that, even with disclosure, (1) rating inflation of IRs remains, and (2) this inflation boosts sales at consumers’ expense. Finally, we propose an alternative approach to eliminate rating inflation of IRs and empirically demonstrate its effectiveness. These findings have important implications for consumers, firms, and ongoing policy discussions around IRs. This paper was accepted by Duncan Simester, marketing. Funding: S. Park gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Darla Moore School of Business Research Grant Program at the University of South Carolina. W. Shin gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Brian R. Gamache Endowed Professorship at the University of Florida. J. Xie gratefully acknowledges financial support from the JCPenney Endowed Professorship at the University of Florida. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023. 00930 .
Clinical spectrum and hormonal profile of patients with non-inflammatory benign breast disorders: a cross-sectional study

Background: Benign breast disorders (BBD) are one of the most common problems seen in women. Since development of the breast is under the influence of various hormones, this study was done to document the clinical spectrum of females with BBD, and to understand if any association exists between serum levels of various hormones and BBD. Methods: This was a cross sectional study of 134 patients who presented to the surgical OPD with non-inflammatory BBD. These patients were evaluated for serum levels of 8 hormones-estrogen, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), testosterone and prostate specific antigen (PSA). The levels of these hormones were correlated with the type of BBD. Results: Breast pain was the most common presenting complaint (67.16%), followed by breast lump (51.49%). Most patients were diagnosed as proliferative BBD (50%) followed by mastalgia (32.8%) and non-proliferative BBD (17.2%), 36.57% patients had fibroadenoma. The 73.88% of patients showed abnormal serum levels of at least one of the hormones. Most common abnormalities were significantly detectable levels of serum PSA (51.4%), and decreased levels of serum testosterone (20.8%). Among the rest, TSH was raised in 9.7%, estrogen was raised in 9.7%, FSH was raised in 8.9%, prolactin was raised in 8.9%, LH was raised in 6.7% and progesterone was raised in 2.9%. Conclusions: Our study suggests that abnormality in various hormones (seen in 73.88% of our patients) could be responsible for development of BBD. The interplay of these hormones on aberrations in breast development and involution is unclear and warrants further studies on larger populations.
Role Of Energy Budget Components On Snow Ablation From A Mid-Latitude Prairie Snowpack

This work considers what aspects of the surface energy budget were most important for the development of rapid snow melt during the spring of 1997 in the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota. The rapid snow melt of an exceptionally large snowpack that season led to catastrophic flooding. We use this event as a case study in order to better understand what meteorological forcings are most important with regard to rapid melting of a large winter snowpack in a mid-latitude prairie region. The SNTHERM model was used as a means to estimate snow melt flux and energy budget components. It was found that the net radiation balance was the dominant factor in snow melt throughout the winter months until late March, but ablation rates were small due to the extremely low temperatures. As warm air masses began to traverse the region in late March, the snow melt flux began to increase significantly due to the influences of sensible and latent heat fluxes on the surface of the snowpack. After the passing of a strong late-season blizzard, temperature and humidity increased rapidly with a corresponding increase in wind speed. The sensible heat flux then dominated as temperatures rose well above freezing, melting off the snowpack extremely quickly.
Three-Dimensional Dynamic Simulation of the 1992 Landers Earthquake

The 1992 Landers, California, earthquake (magnitude 7.3) was modeled as the propagation of a spontaneous rupture controlled by a realistic prestress distribution with the use of a three-dimensional finite-difference method. The dynamic rupture reproduces the general slip pattern used to compute the initial stress distribution and generates near-fault ground motions at the surface similar to observations. The simulated rupture propagates on the fault along a complex path with highly variable speed and rise time, changing the magnitude and pattern of the stress significantly. The method provides the framework to estimate earthquake rupture parameters from recorded seismic and geodetic data.
Expected characteristics of cometary meteorites

Abstract— Recent developments in our understanding of comets provide insights into the topic of cometary meteorites. These developments include the identification of comet‐asteroid transition objects (such as 4015 Wilson‐Harrington and 3200 Phaethon), information on the composition of cometary solids, and new ideas on the collisional history of Jupiter‐family comets. In this work, we revisit this question, and we conclude that comets do indeed yield macroscopic meteorites, which either have not been found or have not been recognized. We also consider the expected characteristics of cometary meteorites, with an emphasis on those that may help identify and differentiate them from other types of meteorites. If cometary meteorites have preserved the main characteristics of cometary dust, the mineralogy would be dominated by highly unequilibrated anhydrous silicates, and the chemistry would be nearly chondritic but with a high abundance of C and N. On the other hand, if an unknown process produced extensive aqueous alteration in the material that formed cometary meteorites, they would resemble (or could even be) CI carbonaceous chondrites. We do not expect cometary meteorites to have chondrules. So far, no single meteorite looks unequivocally cometary. However, we have identified xenoliths in ordinary chondrite regolith breccias that meet most of our criteria for a cometary origin and deserve further study.
A derivation of the seismic representation theorem using seismic reciprocity

The seismic representation theorem is very useful in determining seismic displacements: (1) from extended and moving sources; (2) for boundary-value problems; and (3) for diffraction by vanishingly thin screens. Derivations of the representation theorem for anisotropic and homogeneous elastic media have been given by Knopoff [1956] and deHoop [1958] starting from first principles. These derivations, while elegant, are difficult. The seismic representation theorem is derived in a simple straightforward manner using the principle of seismic reciprocity as the starting point. The derivation is simplified further by the use of the polyadic notation. The representation theorem obtained is valid for anisotropic, inhomogeneous, linear elastic media. The utility of the representation theorem is demonstrated by considering illustrative examples concerning: (1) the radiation fields from various force couples; (2) the radiation from moving forces; and (3) the diffraction of elastic waves by thin screens.
Modeling of Mud Accumulation and Bed Characteristics in Tokyo Bay

This paper presents the modeling of mud accumulation in Tokyo Bay. The model consists of hydrodynamic, wave hindcasting, bed shear stress and multi-class sediment sub-models in order to simulate the sediment associated processes both in the water body and bed layer. The present model accounts for sediment transport, settling, deposition, resuspension, accumulation and burial sedimentation processes, and it is capable to reproduce the accumulation of muddy sediments. Following the concept of multi-class particle model, the bed characteristics, i.e. the spatial distributions of particle size and the water content ratio in bed materials, were computed and qualitatively verified with field investigation data. The computed spatial variation in mud accumulation rate, particle size distribution and water content ratio were consistent with field data. Some discrepancies were identified and discussed.