Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performing an Inductive Thematic Analysis of Semi-Structured Interviews With a Large Language Model: An Exploration and Provocation on the Limits of the Approach

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful generative Artificial Intelligence solutions. This paper presents results and reflections of an experiment done with the LLM GPT 3.5-Turbo to perform an inductive Thematic Analysis (TA). Previous research has worked on conducting deductive analysis. Thematic Analysis is a qualitative method for analysis commonly used in social sciences and it is based on interpretations by the human analyst(s) and the identification of explicit and latent meanings in qualitative data. The paper presents the motivations for attempting this analysis; it reflects on how the six phases to a TA proposed by Braun and Clarke can partially be reproduced with the LLM and it reflects on what are the model’s outputs. The paper uses two datasets of open access semi-structured interviews, previously analysed by other researchers. The first dataset contains interviews with videogame players, and the second is a dataset of interviews with lecturers teaching data science in a University. This paper used the analyses previously conducted on these datasets to compare with the results produced by the LLM. The results show that the model can infer most of the main themes from previous research. This shows that using LLMs to perform an inductive TA is viable and offers a good degree of validity. The discussion offers some recommendations for working with LLMs in qualitative analysis.
Variation of Wood Density Traits in Rooted Cuttings and Seedlings of Loblolly Pine

CUMBIE, WILLIAM PATRICK. Variation of wood density traits in rooted cuttings and seedlings of loblolly pine. (Under the direction of Drs. Bailian Li and Barry Goldfarb) Wood samples were collected from 10-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) rooted cuttings and seedlings from nine full-sib families resulting from a 3x3 factorial mating design. The field design consisted of two sites with six blocks per site in a randomized complete block design. In the spring of 2001, 12 mm increment cores were taken from approximately 1600 trees, and measurements of height and diameter were taken at the age of 101⁄2 years. No significant differences were found between rooted cuttings and seedlings for specific gravity or growth traits, but sites significantly differed for growth traits. Significant family variation was found for both growth and specific gravity. Genetic parameters were estimated for wood specific gravity and growth traits for both seedlings and rooted cuttings. Heritabilities for specific gravity were generally high, and estimates from rooted cuttings were higher than from seedlings. Specific gravity was found to be negatively correlated with height. Clones were less variable than full-sib seedlings for specific gravity. These results suggest that gains in specific gravity could be made in breeding programs through the use of clonal testing during breeding and the deployment of superior clones. Wood strips from the increment cores were then measured using x-ray densitometry. Seedlings and rooted cuttings did not differ significantly for overall latewood density, earlywood density or latewood percentage of the whole core, but overall wood density did differ significantly based on seven growth rings. Half-sib and full-sib loblolly pine families did not display significant variation, but clones within families differed significantly in wood density, latewood density, and latewood percentage, indicating the greater potential for gains from clonal selection. Heritabilities for composite ring density traits were found to be moderate to high, indicating the potential for gains in wood density through selection of families or clones. Individual ring analysis revealed that the wood density of rings 1-4 was highly correlated with wood density through ring 7, suggesting that selection of juvenile wood density could be made at an early age. VARIATION OF WOOD DENSITY TRAITS IN ROOTED CUTTINGS AND SEEDLINGS OF LOBLOLLY PINE by WILLIAM PATRICK CUMBIE A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science
Determinants of cancer incidence and mortality among people with vitamin D deficiency: an epidemiology study using a real-world population database

Introduction This study aimed to investigate the determinants of cancer incidence and mortality in patients with vitamin D deficiency using a real-world population database. Methods We utilized the International Diagnostic Classification Code (ICD9:268 / ICD10: E55) to define patients with vitamin D deficiency. Additionally, the Cox regression model was used to estimate overall mortality and identify potential factors contributing to mortality in cancer patients. Results In 5242 patients with vitamin D deficiency, the development of new-onset cancer was 229 (4.37%) patients. Colon cancer was the most prevalent cancer type. After considering confounding factors, patients aged 50–65 and more than 65 indicated a 3.10-fold (95% C.I.: 2.12–4.51) and 4.55-fold (95% C.I.: 3.03–6.82) cancer incidence, respectively compared with those aged <50. Moreover, patients with comorbidities of diabetes mellitus (DM) (HR: 1.56; 95% C.I.: 1.01–2.41) and liver disease (HR: 1.62; 95% C.I.: 1.03–2.54) presented a higher cancer incidence rate than those without DM/ liver disease. In addition, vitamin D deficiency patients with cancer and dementia histories indicated a significantly higher mortality risk (HR: 4.04; 95% C.I.: 1.05– 15.56) than those without dementia. Conclusion In conclusion, our study revealed that vitamin D deficiency patients with liver disease had an increased incidence of cancer, while those with dementia had an increased mortality rate among cancer patients.
Camp Rock Fault Slip Rate and Folding of the Lenwood Anticline: Contributions to Eastern California Shear Zone Strain Accumulation

EMILY GURNEY Camp Rock fault slip rate and folding of the Lenwood anticline: contributions to eastern California shear zone strain accumulation (Under the direction of Dr. Mike Oskin) Geologic mapping, 10 Be geochronology, and fold modeling provide insight into reconciling discrepant geologic and geodetic slip rates across a portion of the eastern California shear zone. The Camp Rock fault is one of six faults that make up the shear zone. Two alluvial fans of different generations, offset by the fault, yield ages of 100±30 ka and 56.4±7.7 ka. Offsets on these fans are 41±25 m and 22±2 m respectively, yielding a long-term slip rate of 0.4 +0.3/-0.1 mm/yr for the fault. This is only 2-7% of the geodetic strain rate across the shear zone. The Camp Rock fault terminates northward into the Lenwood anticline. Modeling of this fold indicates ~3.8 km of north-south shortening, of which ~1.0-2.4 km is not transferred to Camp Rock fault slip but is maintained east of the fault. Such regionally distributed shortening may help to reconcile geologic and geodetic strain rates. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Correlation of interleukin 6 (IL-6) with estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in breast cancer patients

Background: Multifunctional cytokines play important and only partially defined roles in mammary tumor development and progression. Normal human mammary epithelial cells constitutively produce interleukin 6(IL-6) and a non-secreted form of tumor necrosis factor. Transformation of mammary epithelial cells by different oncogenesis is frequently associated with alterations of cytokine/ growth factor production and responsiveness.Methods: We measured levels of 1L-6 in 84 females with breast cancer and examined their correlation with clinicopathological variables including stages of the disease and estrogen andprogesterone receptor expression on tumor cell.Results: Our results revealed significantly higher serum IL-6 in breast cancer patients (12.98 pg/ml) compared to a healthy group (2.05pg/ml) (P<0.05) and a direct association with different clinical stages. And we found that expression of this cytokine was inversely associated with estrogen and progesterone receptor cells.Conclusion: Serum levels of IL-6 are highly elevated in breast cancer patients and correlate with tumor progression. Assay for serum levels IL-6 can be used as predictive non-invasive tests for tumor progression in breast cancer patients; also our data suggest that cytokine could be involved in the aggressiveness of ER-PR negative breast tumors. Expression of interleukin 6(IL-6) correlates with estrogen and progesterone receptor in breast cancer patients.
Modeling and inversion of stress-induced multicomponent seismic time shifts

Subsurface pressure and temperature variations can alter rock properties both near and relatively far from the disturbance, causing detectable changes in seismic traveltimes. In this thesis, I first use traveltime variations to study velocity changes around a heated prototype nuclear waste storage tunnel. Then I model and invert compaction-induced multicomponent time shifts from depressurizing petroleum reservoirs. Heaters inside the tunnel replicate the thermal output of decaying radioactive waste, heating the tunnel over two years and maintaining a constant temperature for another two years. Time-lapse velocity models were constructed using temperature-dependent velocity data for granite and thermal profiles from boreholes in the tunnel wall. Matching check-shot and modeled waveforms indicate that the tunnel temperature can be monitored using seismic data. Further, the smooth, unperturbed velocity field lacks spatial perturbations, suggesting that no fluid or steam was present around the tunnel near the receiver array during the experiment. However, the combination of changing velocities and non-elastic, stress-induced acoustic emissions near the tunnel crown suggest that damage to the rock may occur. To study time shifts around a compacting reservoir, I employ geomechanical modeling of the compaction-induced stress/strain fields. Strain-dependent stiffness perturbations are obtained from the nonlinear theory of elasticity. Then full-waveform multicomponent seismic data are generated by finite-differences and used to estimate the time shifts of P-, S-, and PS-waves. P-wave time shifts are strongly influenced by compaction-induced velocity anisotropy around the reservoir. S-wave anisotropy is almost negligible, but S-wave shifts are 2-3 times larger than those of P-waves. PS-wave time-shift behavior significantly varies with the reflection point. Spatial time-shift distributions are exploited to study the sensitivity of each wave type to reservoir pressure (∆P ) and length (L). The analysis shows that time shifts are nonlinear in stiffness and, therefore, reservoir pressure for large values of ∆P .
Coping as a mediator in the relationship between Trait emotional intelligence and adolescent stress

ABSTRACT Adolescents are the drivers of social change and transformation in any community. Their ability to deal with stressors will determine their well-being and ability to contribute to society. Thus, the present study assessed the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (Trait EI), coping styles, and adolescent stress. In particular, it investigated the role of coping styles as a mediator between Trait EI and adolescent stress. Three hundred fifty-seven adolescents studying in schools in Delhi participated in the study. The study revealed a significant association between Trait EI, coping styles, and adolescent stress. Furthermore, the mediation analysis revealed that the relationship between Trait EI and adolescent stress was partially mediated by emotion-oriented coping style. Task and avoidance-oriented coping did not act as mediators. The current findings have implications for psychologists, school counsellors, and mental health researchers involved in building stress management programs to nurture life skills among adolescents.
A mixed-methods investigation of multiple background factors affecting aerospace engineering student success

Numerous pre-college engineering opportunities for K-12 students exist, including summer engineering programs atuniversities, engineering courses in high schools, and summer internships within industry. While these programs have beenshown to increase student enrollment in engineering, the lasting effect of background factors on engineering identity, self-efficacy, and retention has not yet been examined. The goal of this mixed-methods investigation is to investigate how and towhat degree background factors affect student success in engineering. We surveyed and analyzed 98 aerospace engineeringstudents’self-reportedbackground factors, engineeringidentity,and engineeringself-efficacy. Studentinformation suchasGPA, retention information, demographics, standardized test scores, and initial major of study were analyzed with thestudents’ self-reported data to determine significant factors. Our study used aerospace engineering students to investigatehow background factors impact success factors (i.e., retention, GPA, engineering identity, and self-efficacy) in engineering.We found that having any single positive engineering pre-collegiate experience impacted success factors, with the mostinfluential experience on success to be school experiences (e.g., high school engineering classes). This work establishes aframework, which can be used to conduct further examinations of background factors and success, which can inform thecreation of pre-collegiate programs and curricula.
Comparison of Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block Versus Quadratus Lumborum (QL) Block for Analgesia After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most common operative procedures performed. Controlling postoperative pain following THA remains a challenge due to the complex innervation of the hip joint and the recent desire to preserve motor function following nerve blockade. Several nerve block techniques have been used for THA in the past, but the quadratus lumborum (QL) block and the blockade of the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) have emerged as opiate-sparing regional anesthesia techniques that preserve motor function. To date, little data comparing the two block techniques exists. The purpose of our study was to compare outcomes following these techniques in patients undergoing primary THA. Materials and methods: This retrospective analysis utilized data from three distinct groups who underwent primary THA at our institution: 45 patients who received PENG block, 38 patients who received QL block, and 77 control patients. Chart review analysis was performed by authorized personnel to obtain cumulative oral morphine equivalent (OME) data at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively (primary outcomes). In addition, visual analog pain scale (VAS) scores in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and at 12, 24, and 48 hours, ambulation distance, and length of hospital stay data were obtained (secondary outcomes). Group comparisons were conducted using either analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s multiple comparison test for parametric data or Krustal-Wallis with Dunn’s multiple comparison tests for nonparametric endpoints. Results: This study found a statistically significant difference in cumulative OME usage across all groups at 24 and 48 hours. Significant difference in OMEs was found between QL and control and PENG and control; however, no difference was found in OMEs between PENG and QL groups at either time point. There was a statistically significant difference in VAS scores in the PACU across all groups; QL showed significantly lower VAS scores in the PACU compared to PENG and control, while PENG only showed significantly lower VAS scores compared to control. There was a statistically significant difference in VAS scores at 24 hours across all groups; however, only QL showed significantly lower VAS scores compared to control at 24 hours. QL was associated with a statistically significant increase in the length of hospital stay compared to PENG. Conclusion: This study showed no difference between OME usage in patients who received PENG or QL nerve blocks for primary THA. VAS scores were similar between groups with the exception of QL outperforming PENG in the PACU. Optimizing postoperative pain via multi-approach strategies should remain a priority for patients undergoing THA. Future research is warranted in order to provide guidance on best practice for these patients.
Evaluation of Site Diversity Efiectiveness Using Weather Radar Data for Singapore

Long term weather radar data from open source are used for the determination of rainfall exceedance distributions for Singapore. Using an empirical model and methodology, the ? -min to 1-min time sampling of rainfall values is achieved so that accurate and high spatial resolution rain rate, attenuation maps and site diversity measurements can be computed in ac- cordance to ITU-R recommendations. Rainfall contour maps within Singapore show a difierence of about 40mmhr i1 . Site diversity gain dependence with distance shows a difierent relation- ship as compared to ITU-R Hodges model for Singapore. Site diversity methodology provides at least 10dB of gain at 99.99% availability Ku band frequencies. The diversity gain is also highly dependent on the combination of site used in addition to the site separation distances.
VHRM_A_216749 429..437

L Degli Esposti M Andretta G Di Pasquale M Gambera S Saragoni V Perrone S Buda 1 1CliCon S.r. l. Health, Economics & Outcomes Research, Ravenna, Italy; 2Local Pharmaceutical Service, Verona Local Health Authority, Verona, Italy; 3Department of Cardiology, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy; 4Local Pharmaceutical Service, Bergamo Local Health Authority, Bergamo, Italy Objectives: 1) To evaluate anticoagulation treatment patterns and health care resource use in adult patients with a discharge diagnosis of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in an Italian real-world setting and 2) to describe the characteristics of NVAF patients in relation to treatment. Design: A retrospective cohort study in a “real-world” setting. Setting: Data were analysed by integrating administrative databases that included approximately 2,000,000 individuals assisted by the National Health System from two Italian Local Health Units. Participants: All adult patients with at least one hospital discharge or ≥2 outpatient visits with a diagnosis code for NVAF from 1/01/2011 to 31/12/2015 were included. Main outcome measures: Anticoagulation treatment patterns, health care resource use and major bleeding events that occurred during the follow-up period were evaluated. Results: 32,863 NVAF patients were included, of whom 7,831 had at least one prescription of oral anticoagulants. Among them, 6,876 patients were vitamin K antagonists (VKA) users and 955 were non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) users at index date (ID). During the follow-up period, the use of antiplatelet drugs was higher among VKA-naïve users than the NOAC-naïve users. Among NOAC users, 76.1% showed an adherence level ≥80% during follow-up. The rate of bleeding events resulted higher for VKA patients compared to NOAC patients. The unadjusted incidence rate was 10.46 per 1000 personyear for VKA patients and 4.55 per 1,000 person-years for NOAC patients. The overall annual cost (in term of drugs, hospitalisations and outpatient specialist services) was € 5,156.13 for VKA and € 4,630.57 for NOAC. Conclusion: This unselected cohort study, on NVAF patients being prescribed oral anticoagulants, highlights that VKA was largely prescribed and the great majority of patients on NOACs were adherent to treatment. Most of the OAC patients still received antiplatelet agents in combination, and in NOAC patients, we registered a lower number of bleeding events compared with VKA.
Farmers' Decision-making and Land Use Changes in Kyrgyz Agropastoral Systems

The 2009 Law On Pastures in Kyrgyzstan led to implementation of a community-based pasture management plan (CBPMP) as of 2010, aimed at strengthening pasture governance through improving current pasture use practices and controlling stocking rates at pastures. In the context of implementing CBPMP tools, this research explored farmers' decision-making on herd sizes and land use. This contributes to addressing the theme “Transformations Towards Sustainability” of the Future Earth Strategic Research Agenda 2014, especially how environmental and socioeconomic changes affect individual and collective attitudes and behaviors. Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted with 127 pasture users who obtained pasture tickets (ie the right to use a certain pasture) from 5 Pasture Committees. We divided pasture users into large-herd owners and herders, based on livestock numbers owned and herding practices. In its first use of this type, we employed the Heckman 2-stage model to examine the likely impact of diverse factors on farmers' decisions on herd size and land use change. We found that increases in livestock numbers were significantly associated with insecurity and economic factors, while decreases were related to environmental changes. Similarly, decisions on land use change were significantly influenced by farming-practice difficulties, changing condition of pastures, and increasing incidences of livestock disease due in part to the impact of climate change. We also found that some of the infrastructure provided by pasture committees appears to be ineffective and may even worsen the condition of pastures. As we found indications that large-herd owners in particular were interested in maintaining pasture quality (eg decreasing animal numbers if pastures were in poor condition), we suggest that CBPMPs should include different incentives for distinct groups of farmers to address the ecological and socioeconomic problems associated with land use changes.
Leadership and Project Management: Time for a Shift from Fayol to Flores

Henri Fayol's definition of management establishes the "common sense" of current project management practice. That common sense is challenged by a new definition of work and management put forward by Fernando Flores. This paper explores both definitions of management and their implications for leadership. When management of work in a lean project delivery is understood as "making and keeping commitments", the nature and focus of leadership and common sense changes. Producing trust is the essential role ofleaders.