Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Micronucleus Frequencies in Exfoliated Buccal Cells of Potentially Malignant Disorder Subjects Using Feulgen Stain

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma generally arises from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) through a complex process of genetic alterations such as chromosomal alterations, epigenetic alterations, and/or DNA changes. If these lesions are detected in early stages, i.e., during stage of PMDs through specific and sensitive tests, it can markedly improve the survival rates of patients. Micronucleus (MN) is one such suitable and reliable test to detect genotoxic effects of various carcinogens. Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the levels of micronuclei in OPMDs as well as to correlate micronuclei frequency in different grades of dysplasia. Materials and Methods: The study cases were divided into two groups, Group I consisting of thirty healthy controls and Group II of thirty histopathologically proven cases of OPMDs. The exfoliated cells were collected from buccal mucosa/lesional area of both study groups and were stained with Feulgen stain and evaluated under microscope for MN. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA test and correlation was calculated using Pearson’s correlation using SPSS 18.0 software. Results: According to the present study, MN and MN percentage (MN%) increased from normal to potentially malignant disorder cases with statistically significant difference. A highly positive correlation (0.946) between grades of dysplasia and MN formation was obtained. Conclusion: The present study concludes that the occurrence of MN and MN% increases from controls to potentially malignant disorder cases. Among PMDs, the occurrence of MN and MN% was highest in patients of oral submucous fibrosis followed by leukoplakia and lichen planus patients. And finally, with increase in grades of dysplasia, in PMD subjects, the formation of MN increases.
Perception of Leadership Styles and Job Satisfaction of Waiters working in Star Hotels in Tamilnadu

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between the leadership styles of managers as perceived by the waiters working in star hotels in Tamilnadu. To attain the aim the most suitable descriptive method had been employed using survey as a technique. Since geographical area of the study is Tamilnadu as a whole, proportionate stratified random sampling method had been used to sample 23 star hotels in Tamilnadu and cluster sampling is to sample 473 participants. The tools Leadership Style Questionnaire and Job Satisfaction Survey were developed and validated by B. Lenin Selvanayagam. Collected data was analysed using mean, SD, ‘t’ test, F test Schefffe test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The result reveals that there is significant positive correlation between democratic and charismatic leadership style and job satisfaction of waiters in working in star hotels.
Fastidious distributivity

I argue that nominal predicates cannot be interpreted distributively if their subject is not a distributive quantifier. This is surprising and problematic for the current theories of distributivity. I offer a novel analysis of distributivity, fastidious distributivity, in which only arguments can be interpreted distributively, and formalize fastidious distributivity using team logic.
Challenges in Scalable Distributed Training of Deep Neural Networks under communication constraints (Project Report for CS230, Winter 2021)

In the present era of ever-growing datasets and model sizes, distributed training of neural networks has become a crucial paradigm (1), (2). In this project, we will explore the challenges that come up when multiple machines train a model together in a decentralized fashion. When multiple nodes collaborate to train a model together over a network, practical constraints such as network bandwidth and latency overwhelm the expected benefits of the distributed framework.
Efficacy of Salicylic Acid 25% Concentration Peeling with and without Systemic Azithromycin with Zinc sulphate& Topical Benzoyl Peroxide Therapy in Management of Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris Scars

Background:Acne vulgaris is the most common skin condition affecting the pilosebaceoussystemin adolescents and young age and characterized bydifferentskinlesionsand might result in permanent scars. Chemical peeling is an effective option in the management of active acne. The mechanism of action lies in causing desquamation by targeting the corneosomes and keratinocytes, enhancing breakdown and decreasing cohesiveness. It also increases epidermal activity of enzymes, leading to epidermolysis and exfoliation and induces improvement of skin texture , pore size and reduces sebum production. Proper and successful treatment of acne involves choosing the right medication. Objectives:This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of using topical 25% Salicylic acid alone, in comparison with a combination of systemic Azithromycin and topical 25% salicylic acid, Zinc sulphate, and Benzoyl peroxide gel, in treatment of mild to moderate acne lesions. Subjects and methods:This study is a prospective, randomized clinical trial included a hundred patients diagnosed with mild-to-moderate facial acne vulgaris and randomly divided into two equal groups Group A, treated by25% Salicylic Acid peeling in combination with systemic Azithromycin in addition to Zinc sulphate and topical Benzoyl peroxide gel. Group B, treated by 25% salicylic peeling only.All patients received at least 6 peeling sessions performed 2 weeks apart in 12-weeks duration. Results:Number of peeling sessions was significantly lower in group A than group Bp= 0.03. Improvement rate (92%) 46 cases in group A vs. (20%) 10 cases in group B.Improvement score after 6 th session was 4.71 in group A vs 2.67in group Bp<0.001. Also, there was a highly significant improvement after each session in group A as 15 cases (30%) needed only 4 sessions for complete improvement. group B showed only significant improvement after 2 nd ,3 rd , and 4 th sessions, while there was no improvement in score after 5 th and 6 th sessions.There were no statistically significant differences regarding risk factors of acne such as; psychological distress, family history, dairy product consumption, fast food, cosmetics, regular exercise and special diet habits p>0.05. Disease duration were matched in both groups as mean duration in group A was 26.8 versus 27.5 months in group B. Back & shoulder lesion were found in 34 cases in group A while they present in 31 cases in group B. There were no differences regarding lesions characteristics between both studied groups except for pustules that were predominant in group A in 34/50 cases (68%) whereas, they found in 24/50 cases (48%) in group Bp=0.04. Conclusion:Topical 25 % of salicylic acid is more efficient to treat mild to moderate acne vulgaris andincombinationwith systemic Azithromycin in addition to Zinc sulphate and topical Benzoyl peroxide gel is significant than alone and both protocols equal in safety and tolerability.
Phytochemical screening, Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy studies and antioxidant property of aqueous extract of Ogbono (Irvingia gabonensis)

This work presents Phytochemical Screening, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy Studies and Antioxidant Property of aqueous extract of Ogbono (Irvingia gabonensis). Standard chemical and biochemical chemicals and analytical techniques were used for this study. The phytochemical screening of the of the samples showed the presence of various secondary metabolites of which alkaloids, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside andalkaloids are moderately present while tannis, saponins, steroids, protein and reducing sugar were the most prominent as shown in the results. Antioxidant activities of Ogbono (Irvingia gabonensis) determined by the free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) assay method indicated a steady increase in the scavenging activity of free radicals in all extracts. It was observed that the ability of test materials to scavenge DPPH was assessed on the basis of their IC50 values, defined above as the concentration of test material to reduce the absorbance at 515 nm of DPPH solution to half of its initial value. The high antioxidant potential, free radical scavenging activity and antioxidative enzymes of Ogbono (Irvingia Gabonensis) should be utilized to develop new drug contenders for antioxidant remedy.
Explainable Planner Selection

Since no classical planner consistently outperforms all others, it is important to select a planner that works well for a given classical planning task. The two strongest approaches for planner selection use image and graph convolutional neural networks. They have the drawback that the learned models are not interpretable. To obtain explainable models, we identify a small set of simple task features and show that elementary and interpretable machine learning techniques can use these features to solve as many tasks as the approaches based on neural networks.
lass knowledge overlay to visual feature learning for zero-shot image lassification

New categories can be discovered by transforming semantic features into synthesized visual features without corresponding training samples in zero-shot image classification. Although significant progress has been made in generating high-quality synthesized visual features using generative adversarial networks, guaranteeing semantic consistency between the semantic features and visual features remains very challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel zero-shot learning approach, GAN-CST, based on class knowledge to visual feature learning to tackle the problem. The approach consists of three parts, class knowledge overlay, semi-supervised learning and triplet loss. It applies class knowledge overlay (CKO) to obtain knowledge not only from the corresponding class but also from other classes that have the knowledge overlay. It ensures that the knowledgeto-visual learning process has adequate information to generate synthesized visual features. The approach also applies a semi-supervised learning process to re-train knowledge-to-visual model. It contributes to reinforcing synthesized visual features generation as well as new category prediction. We tabulate results on a number of benchmark datasets demonstrating that the proposed model delivers superior performance over state-of-the-art approaches.
13.3: Health and Illness in the United States

When we examine health and illness in the United States, there is both good news and bad news. The good news is considerable. Health has improved steadily over the last century, thanks in large part to better public sanitation and the discovery of antibiotics. Illnesses and diseases such as pneumonia and polio that used to kill or debilitate people are either unknown today or treatable by modern drugs. Other medical discoveries and advances have also reduced the extent and seriousness of major illnesses, including many types of cancer, and have prolonged our lives. The mortality rate from heart disease is down 50% from the early 1980s, and the mortality rate from strokes is down about 51% (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Mortality by underlying and multiple cause, ages 18+: US, 1981–2006. Retrieved from 205.207. 175.93/HDI/ TableViewe.x? ReportId=166
Identification of the Cat Attractants Isodihydronepetalactone and Isoiridomyrmecin from Acalypha indica

Acalypha indica is a herb that grows throughout the tropical regions of the world. As well as being exploited for medicinal use, the roots of this plant are known to elicit a drug-like effect in cats. Recent research into feral cat control on Christmas Island has investigated whether a preparation of the roots of A. indica might be effective in traps to attract feral cats. However, the volatile nature of the attractants made it unviable for use in traps for more than a few days. In this study, we investigated the volatile components emitted by the plant roots and identified two iridoid compounds, (4R,4aR,7S,7aR)-isodihydronepetalactone and (4R,4aS,7S,7aR)-isoiridomyrmecin, which are known to affect behavioural activity in cats. Synthesis of standards confirmed the stereochemistry of both compounds emitted by the plant. Potential application of these compounds in feral cat control is discussed.
The Effect of E-Learning Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Student Characters in Inferential Statistics Course

In the era of information technology, learning activities are no longer limited by building walls. ICT has opened wide access to participate in a more flexible learning activity. As the demands of the 21st century require the development of aspects such as cooperation, respect for opinions, knowing yourself, and others, problem-solving skills and the like need to be cultivated in learning. In fact, character as human behaviour is now becoming more attractive through the educational process using e-learning. This study aims to determine the significant effect of PBL based e-learning on the character of the fourth semester students in the Department of Educational Technology. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study using a post-test control group design. The study population was 36 fourth semester students consisting of 2 classes, namely class A (experimental group) and class B (control group). Data were collected using non-test instruments. The research data were analysed using t-test statistics assisted by the SPSS program. The average score of the experimental class characters was 88.15 and the control class was 78.26. Based on the t-test, it shows a significance smaller than 0.05, so that there are significant differences in character between students who learn using PBL based e-learning and students who learn with direct instruction-based e-learning. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of PBL based e-learning on the character of students who take inferential statistics courses in the Department of Educational Technology.
Recreational hobbies and their relationship with emotional intelligence for workers in sports recreation field at Mansoura University

The researcher carried out this research with the aim of identifying recreational hobbies and their relationship with emotional intelligence for workers in the field of sports recreation at Mansoura University, The researcher used the descriptive approach, and the Recreational Hobbies and Affective Intelligence scale was applied from the researcher's design to collect data, and the study was applied to a sample of( 225) students from Mansoura University for the basic experience and (50) for the exploratory experience. The most important results were the perception and awareness of most university employees of the concept of recreational hobbies The activity of browsing the Internet sites attracts the interest of most Employees, as it came at the forefront of the arrangement of recreational hobby activities, the presence of a medium level of recreational hobby activities and the emotional intelligence of the Employees, and the presence of a positive correlation between the practice of recreational hobbies and the emotional intelligence of the Employees. Introduction and Research Problem: The phenomenon of leisure and recreation has become part of the fabric of social systems that make up society, and interest in entertainment as a manifestation of civilized behavior began. Therefore, the interest in entertainment increased and its multiplicity to keep pace with the increasing increase in leisure time in contemporary societies and the increasing demand for entertainment to invest this time. Muhammad Al Hamhami and Aida Abdel Aziz (2006) indicate that free time is when recreational hobbies, preferences and needs are satisfied, As well as developing talent, innovation and creativity, achieving psychological balance, and developing the human personality in general (10:18). Recreation aims at the happiness that every individual seeks, regardless of gender, color, creed and happiness as a result of a life characterized by balance, and recreational hobbies have a distinctive place in making individuals' lives balanced between work and rest, so that life completes its meaning and becomes more joyful and brighter, . Recreational hobbies are a safe refuge for the health and time of individuals in modern societies, as they enable them to meet the needs and desires of the human soul, get rid of the pressures of working life, and highlight and discover the talents and abilities of different individuals. (19) And emotional intelligence is one of the modern topics that have the interest of researchers. Affective intelligence is one of the most important types of intelligence that indicates the success of an individual in his personal life. Bilal Najma (2014) indicates that emotional intelligence is a group of diverse
Informalidad en los tiempos del COVID-19 en América Latina: Implicaciones y opciones de amortiguamiento

Este documento analiza la dinámica del mercado laboral en América Latina durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Después de una década en un círculo virtuoso de crecimiento con creación de empleos formales, la pandemia tuvo un impacto sin precedentes en el mercado laboral de la región, generando un crecimiento inusitado en la proporción de población en situación de inactividad, con reducciones considerables en la informalidad, y en cambio, fluctuaciones menores en los empleos formales. En este contexto el sector formal, dada su menor flexibilidad, se convirtió en una “red de protección social” que preservó la estabilidad del empleo y de los salarios. Las estimaciones indican que a partir de 2021 la informalidad crecerá a niveles superiores a los de la era pre-COVID (con 7.56 millones de empleos informales adicionales), como resultado del regreso de la población al mercado laboral para compensar la caída en los ingresos. De acuerdo con las simulaciones presentadas, posponer o condonar pagos de impuesto sobre la renta y contribuciones a la seguridad social condicionados a la generación de empleos formales podría reducir el crecimiento de la informalidad entre 50% y 75%; y lograr mejoras educativas tiene potencial para aminorarlo del 50%.
Effect of Weeding Frequency on Yield an Yield Components of Food Barley (Horduem vulgare L.) Varieties at Amuru District, Horo Guduru Wollega Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia

An experiment was conducted to identify better performing food barley cultivar at Amuru District of Horo Guduru Wollega Zone of Oromia National Regional State of Ethiopia in 2016 main cropping season. The experiment was laid down in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments were factorial combination of four weeding frequencies (weedy check, one time weeding, two times weeding and three times weeding) and five food barley cultivars (HB 1307, CROSS 41/98, GOBE, EH1493 and Local). Yield and yield components of barley including spike length, thousand kernel weight, grain yield and biological yield were significantly influenced by main effect of variety and weeding frequency. However, number of productive tillers, kernels per spike, and harvest index were significantly influenced by interaction effect of variety and weeding frequency. HB 1307 variety gave significantly higher grain yield (1292 kgha 1) than the other four barley cultivars. Three times weeded treatment gave significantly higher grain yield (1422kgha 1) followed by two times weeded (1000kgha 1), one times weeded (644 kgha 1) and weedy check (511kgha 1). Three times weeding of barley is the optimal weeding frequency and use of HB 1307 variety is better to increases grain yield in the area. However, need to be developing site specific varieties to the study area as the yield of improved varieties less performed.
Currency Substitution and Exchange Rate Volatility in Nigeria: An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach

Isaiah O. Ajibola, Sylvanus U. Udoette, Rabia A. Muhammad, and John O. Anigwe 1 This study investigates the relationship between exchange rate volatility and currency substitution in Nigeria, using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. After accounting for the presence of structural breaks, evidence from the findings shows that domestic interest rate and expected changes in exchange rate are important determinants of currency substitution. In addition, there is empirical support for a positive relationship between exchange rate volatility and currency substitution both in the shortand long-run. This implies that higher real exchange rate volatility is associated with an increased level of currency substitution. In view of these findings, the paper calls for sustained efforts by the monetary authority in containing exchange rate volatility and inflation as a way of curbing the spate of currency substitution in the country.
Determination of Gestational Age by Fetal Kidney Length Measurement after the 20th Week in Healthy Women with Uncomplicated Pregnancy in Tertiary Care Centre

Introduction: Various organs are measured to estimate the gestational age of fetus. Sonographically derived parameters used to date pregnancy include Crown rump length, Biparietal diameter, Head circumference, Femoral length and Abdominal circumference. Fetal kidney length, transcerebellar diameter and placental thickness are emerging as new parameters and are claiming to be more accurate in certain situations. In Nepalese context fetal kidney length has not been studied yet so this study was done to fill this need. Methodology: Obstetric sonography was performed in 108 pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy to evaluate the efficacy of FKL as a measure to calculate the predicted gestational age. Gestational age ranged from 20 weeks to term. Only patient with known LMP, previous history of normal menstrual cycle and without any exclusion criteria were included in the study. Results: The study showed mean fetal kidney length at 20-24, 25-29, 30- 34 and 35-37 weeks gestation as 22.5±0.5, 26.9±0.7, 32.32±0.7 and 36.3±0.6 respectively. Overall in combined second and third trimester , fetal kidney length showed strong linear correlation with gestation age with highest significant Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.989 as compared to other parameters (BPD=0.986, HC=0.976, AC=0.971, FL=0.984). Conclusion: Fetal kidney showed strongest linear correlation with clinical gestational age and it also demonstrated positive correlation with biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length. Therefore fetal kidney length can be used as a reliable parameter for determination of gestational age.