Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oxidants, Antioxidants, and Delayed Language Correlations in Children with Autism

Autism is complexes behaviorally known as neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant deterioration in social interaction, mental abilities language development and other communicative abilities. It is deemed a multi-causes disorder that is affected by genetic, immunological and environmental factors and inclusive oxidative stress. Aim of such study was to estimate level of antioxidant enzyme coenzyme Q10 and level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in children with autism and correlate these results with their language and behavior pattern. The study included 30 Egyptian children with autism and 30 normal children as control group. Their ages ranged between 3 to 6 years. Diagnosis was done using DSM-V and ADI-R. Cases were classified into high and low functioning autism using CARS. We compared plasma levels of coenzyme Q10 and MDA in children with autism and controls. Our results showed significant increased MDA and decreased coenzyme Q10 in autistic children compared to controls. On the other hand, Increased MDA and decreased coenzyme Q10 were not related to severity of autistic features and language abilities among autistic children group. Regarding language abilities of autistic children, there was positive correlation between IQ and total language age and negative correlation between CARS and total language age.
Prolactin and Bromocryptine Induced Changes in L Tissue and Blood Lipids of Mature Male Bonnet Macaca radiata (Geoffroy)

Effects of prolactin and bromocryptine on neutral and phospholipids of liver, adipose tissue and serum were studied in mature male bonnet monkeys. Hyperprolactinemia (ovine prolactin, 250 μg/ kg body weight/day, i.p. for 30 days) elevated hepatic total lipids and phospholipids and decreased total and free cholesterol. While triacyl glycerol accumulated, mono-and diacyl glycerols diminished in liver and adipose tissues of prolactin treated monkeys. Concentrations of all phospholipid fractions, except sphingomyelin and cardiolipin in adipose tissue accrued in both tissues. Serum triacylglycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl inositol showed a significant increase in hyperprolactinaemic monkeys. Bromocryptine (1 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days) treatment reduced serum phospholipids without altering hepatic or adipose tissue lipids. The present study indicates that hyperprolactinaemia leads to hyperlipidemia due to accretion of hepatic and adipose tissue triacyl glycerol and certain phospholipid fractions. Bromocryptine has a specific inhibitory effect on serum phospholipids.
Anatomical, physical and mechanical characterization of sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) wood from central Italy aged coppices

The present paper aims to implement the knowledge on sessile oak ( Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. ) in the Mediterra- nean area where, although present, the species is rare both for natural and anthropogenic reasons. The focus is on two sessile oak aged coppice stands in Tuscany (Central Italy), classified as worthy of protection for their value at local to European level. In addition to environmental and stand structure characteristics, the technological properties of sessile oak wood at the surveyed sites are provided and compared with data in literature. Wood features consist of the anatomical parameters (growth ring thickness, earlywood and latewood thickness, fiber length, earlywood and latewood vessel diameter, amount of earlywood and latewood vessel) and the physical and mechanical parameters (density, modulus of elasticity, strength, hardness). No appreciable technological differences resulted between wood properties in the stands analysed and those from other Italian and French provenances reported in literature. Results highlighted that, even if already managed as coppice, the timber produced by both the stands is basically qualified as source of reproductive material for re-afforestation and to favour again the diffusion of this endangered species in suitable areas. All of this, taking into account that wood quality is determined by technological properties, but also by growing conditions (i.e. site quality), and by the quality of silvicultural management.
PREVALENCE OF NOCTURNAL ENURESIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN OF FALLUJAH IN 2018.

Background :Nocturnal enuresis refers to an inability to control urination during sleep.This aimed to determine the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and its associated factors in children in the city of Fallujah.Materials and Methods.In this descriptive-analytic,cross-sectional study,490 male and female children were divided into two groups with equal numbers.The samples were selected from the schools of Fallujah using the stratified random sampling methods based on the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV. Results. The results showed that 14.9% of children had nocturnal enuresis, including 10% of primary nocturnal enuresis and 4.9% of secondary nocturnal enuresis . The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in boys (18.8%) was higher compared with that in the girls (11%) (P=0.038). There were statistically significant relationships between nocturnal enuresis and maternal education (P=0.0001), Urinary tract infection (P=0.0001),deep sleep (P=0.0001),corporal punishment at school (P=0.0001),anal itching (P=0.014). Conclusion :This study showed that the prevalence of
Arithmetic and the brain: a direct cortical electrostimulation study on two patients with intractable epilepsy.

In the last decades, much research has been done on the neural basis of number processing and arithmetic. Most studies have used fMRI, a technique that does not differentiate between brain areas which are essential for calculation and areas which are only involved. A technique that does not possess this disadvantage is direct cortical electrostimulation. In the current study direct cortical electrostimulation has been used to investigate the neural basis of arithmetic by testing two patients with intractable epilepsy, who had been selected for brain surgery. Clarifying the neural substrate of calculation contributes to the preserving of arithmetic abilities during neurosurgical interventions in these patients. The preoperative and postoperative results of the patients have been compared and the performances of the patients have been compared to those of a healthy control group as well. A new digital arithmetic task has been developed to test the arithmetic abilities by measuring reaction time in addition to accuracy, which has barely been done in the past. Although the results showed nearly no differences in accuracy, many differences in reaction time were found. Moreover, stimulation of certain sites of the cortex resulted in an increased reaction time, although it did not interfere with accuracy. It has become clear that reaction time is a more sensitive measure than accuracy and that it is therefore important to take it into account when assessing arithmetic during direct cortical electrostimulation in patients with intractable epilepsy. This may prevent permanent postoperative calculation problems.
Evolutionary relationship between the natural anti-Gal antibody and the Galal->3Gal epitope in primates*

Anti-Gal is a natural antibody, which constitutes as much as 1% of circulating IgG in humans and displays a distinct specificity for the structure Galal-*3Gal. This glycosidic structure has been found on various tissues of many nonprimate mammals. A comparative study of the occurrence of anti-Gal versus the expression of the Galal-33Gal epitope was performed in primates, and a distinct evolutionary pattern was observed. Whereas anti-Gal was found to be present in Old World monkeys and apes in titers comparable to those in humans, its corresponding antigenic epitope is abundantly expressed on erythrocytes of New World monkeys. Immunostaining with anti-Gal of glycolipids from New World monkey erythrocytes indicated that the molecules to which anti-Gal binds are similar to those found in rabbit and bovine erythrocytes. These findings indicate that there is an evolutionary reciprocity between New World and Old World primates in the production of the Galal-+3Gal structure and the antibody that recognizes it. The expression ofthe Gala1-*3Gal epitope was evolutionarily conserved in New World monkeys, but it was suppressed in ancestral lineages of Old World primates. The suppression of this epitope was accompanied by the production of anti-Gal. The observed in vivo binding of anti-Gal to human normal senescent and some pathologic erythrocytes implies that the Gala1-+3Gal epitope is
Prioritize diversity or declining species? Trade-offs and synergies in spatial planning for the conservation of migratory birds in the face of land cover change

Stemming biodiversity loss requires strategic conservation guided by well articulated targets, whether they be proactive (e.g., protect biodiverse areas) or reactive (e.g., protect threatened species). Both types of targets can be effective, but there are trade-offs, especially for broadly distributed taxa such as migratory species, a group for which conservation has been challenged by limited knowledge of distributions throughout the annual cycle. We combined spatiotemporal distribution models with population trend data to first examine focal areas for the conservation of Neotropical migratory birds (n = 112 species) during the non-breeding period in the Western Hemisphere, based on a proactive approach (highest diversity) versus a reactive approach (strongest declines). For focal areas, we then assessed the extent of recent anthropogenic impact, protected area status, and projected changes in land cover using shared socioeconomic pathways. Spatial priorities for high diversity emphasized southern Mexico and northern Central America, and were strikingly different from areas with species in stronger decline, emphasizing the Andean cordilleras. Only 1.4% of the non-breeding region met targets for diversity and decline, mostly in southern Central America. Areas prioritized to conserve high species diversity have experienced less recent anthropogenic impact than areas prioritized for species in decline but are predicted to ex- perience more rapid land conversion to less suitable agricultural landscapes in the next three decades. Our findings indicate how efficient conservation efforts will depend on the careful consideration of desired targets combined with reliable predictions about the locations and types of land cover change under alternative socioeconomic futures.
Measuring Corporate Rate and Tax Base Avoidance of Domestic and U.S. Firms

We develop an approach based on publicly available data to decompose and quantify tax avoidance into two separate components: tax rate avoidance and tax base avoidance. Our measures are based on the average statutory tax rate, which accounts for the statutory tax rates across all transactions of a firm. We illustrate and validate our measures using simulation data, the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, changes in tax rate avoidance and tax base avoidance across time, bonus depreciation time periods, several sample splits of U.S. multinational and domestic firms, differences across industries, and firms operating in tax haven locations. The measures allow regulators and researchers to gain insights into these two conceptually different tax avoidance strategies.
A Case Study of Critical Reasons Behind Hospital Nurses Turnover Due to Challenges Across System Levels

Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze how critical factors at different levels in a health-care system interact and impact nurses’ intention to leave and decision to quit their job at a hospital unit. Methods A case study of assistant and registered nurses’ intentions to leave as well as staff turnover at a smaller Swedish public hospital was performed. Employee surveys and interviews with assistant and registered nurses who had quit their job at four units in the hospital during the period 2012–2019 were performed. Critical factors regarding nurses’ intention to leave and staff turnover are analyzed by combining narrative methods with a critical incidence technique. Results Three main themes emerge from the analysis of factors contributing to the decision to quit, namely lack or loss of buffering factors, not owning your spare time and not feeling valued by and listened to by upper management. Conclusion Decision-makers, including hospital management, need to consider how supportive factors in nurses’ closest work environment that promote staff retention may be impacted by decisions at higher levels, such as health-care reorganizations and stricter governance. In this context, upper management adopting a servant leadership approach might contribute to employees to a greater extent feeling valued and being listened to. Finally, the results indicate that individual nurses’ recovery, ability to work and ability to coordinate their personal life with their work life need to be supported by policies and decisions at higher levels in order to retain nurses in intensive and emergency health-care settings.
resort users’ participation in planning: Testing the public participation system method in Levi, Finnish Lapland.

It is a challenging task to get tourists involved in tourism planning. In addition, it is often believed that local authorities and tourism companies have an adequate understanding of what tourists prefer or need and how local people’s interests can be integrated in tourism planning. Regardless, the tourism business is simply dependent on tourists – whether they want to come to a resort again or not. This article examines how the method of internet-based public participatory geographic information system (PPGIS) serves in gathering tourists’ and locals’ views about their favourite places at the Levi tourism resort in northern Finland. By using the PPGIS method it was not only possible to find clusters of favourite places, but also several single places of interest. The study revealed technical challenges in using PPGIS software. The quality and usability of the information and the method are discussed in relation to tourism planning.
3D Printing of Calcium Phosphate/Calcium Sulfate with Alginate/Cellulose-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Multilayer Fabrication and Characterization

Congenital abnormalities, trauma, and disease result in significant demands for bone replacement in the craniofacial region and across the body. Tetra-compositions of organic and inorganic scaffolds could provide advantages for bone regeneration. This research aimed to fabricate and characterize amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)/calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) with alginate/cellulose composite scaffolds using 3D printing. Alginate/cellulose gels were incorporated with 0%, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%, and 23% ACP/CSH using the one-pot process to improve morphological, physiochemical, mechanical, and biological properties. SEM displayed multi-staggered filament layers with mean pore sizes from 298 to 377 μm. A profilometer revealed mean surface roughness values from 43 to 62 nm that were not statistically different. A universal test machine displayed the highest compressive strength and modulus with a statistical significance in the 20% CP/CS group. FTIR spectroscopy showed peaks in carbonate, phosphate, and sulfate groups that increased as more ACP/CSH was added. Zero percent of ACP/CSH showed the highest swelling and lowest remaining weight after degradation. The 23% ACP/CSH groups cracked after 60 days. In vitro biocompatibility testing used the mouse osteoblast-like cell line MC3T3-E1. The 18% and 20% ACP/CSH groups showed the highest cell proliferation on days five and seven. The 20% ACP/CSH was most suitable for bone cell regeneration.
The Role of Process-Directing Agents on Enamel Lesion Remineralization: Fluoride Boosters

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two process-directing agents (polyaspartic acid and osteopontin) used in a polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process on the remineralization of bacteria-induced enamel demineralization. Enamel demineralization lesions (depths of about 180–200 µm) were created and exposed to Streptococcus mutans, cultured with a 10% sucrose solution for 21 days, and remineralized using a PILP process (pH = 7.4, 14 days) with a calcium phosphate solution containing either polyaspartic acid or osteopontin in the presence or absence of fluoride (0.5 ppm). The specimens were examined under scanning electron microscopy. The fluoride was successfully incorporated into the PILP remineralization process for both polyaspartic acid and osteopontin. When the fluoride was added to the PILP remineralization solution, there was more uniform remineralization throughout the lesion than with either polyaspartic acid or osteopontin alone. However, in the absence of these process-directing agents, fluoride alone showed less remineralization with the formation of a predominantly surface-only layer. The PILP remineralization process relies on the ability of process-directing agents to stabilize calcium phosphate ions and holds promise for enamel lesion remineralization, and these agents, in the presence of fluoride, seem to play an important role as a booster or supplement in the continuation of remineralization by reducing the mineral gains at the surface layer.
A Historical and Econometric Analysis of Energy Consumption and Industrial Output in Pakistan (1990-2019)

This paper examines the nexus of disaggregated energy consumption and industrial output in Pakistan. The annual time series data over the period 1990-2019 has been taken for current research. ARDL technique has been employed for empirical analysis. The results show that oil consumption, electricity consumption and gas consumption are positively and significantly connected with the industrial output in long run. Similarly, trade openness, labour and capital also have the same association with the industrial output and have significant outcomes in the long run. The results of Granger causality show that there exists a unidirectional causality from electricity consumption to industrial output. The study concludes that oil, gas and electricity are contributing a large share in industrial growth so that it would be made an effort to install the plants relevant with these energy sources to meet the affordable demand in the industry sector.
DIAGNÓSTICO HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIO E DA QUALIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA DE PRODUTOS LÁCTEOS EM UM LATICÍNIO LOCALIZADO EM TUCURUÍ-PARÁ

This work evaluated the degree of compliance of a dairy industry in relation to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). The objectives were to identify the Critical Control Points (CCP) and Control Points (CP) in the pasteurized milk and strawberry yogurt processing chain; to evaluate the microbiological quality of the products, as well as the contamination index of the processing surfaces of a dairy industry located in the municipality of Tucurui, Para. Regarding the GMP evaluation, it was used the Collegiate Board Resolution 275 verification sheet. The steps of the flowcharts of the dairy products manufacturing chain were evaluated in order to identify PCCs and PCs and potential health hazards to the consumers. The microbiological analysis of the dairy products (total and thermo-tolerant coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus counts and Salmonela research) followed the official methods of the American Public Health Association . Also, swab of 12 surfaces involved in the processing chain of the products were submitted to the same microbiological analysis. Based on the degree of compliance with GMP, the dairy industry was placed within the Group 1 category. The results of microbiological analysis in pasteurized milk and yoghurt were found to comply with the legal requirements. However, although the surfaces were in accordance with the specifications for thermo-tolerant coliforms, a high contamination rate with Staphylococcus aureus and total coliforms were found, which indicates hygienic-sanitary failure in the dairy industry.
Production of Biogas by Using Different Pretreatments of Rice Straw Under Aerobic and Semi Aerobic Conditions.

Hared lignocellulosic structure of rice straw is the main hindrance in biogas production process. Thus, laboratory scale batch experiment was conducted to study the effect of different pretreatments of rice straw on anaerobic digestion. For this reasons, different pretreatments of rice straw prior anaerobic digestion was run using chemical activator, cattle dung, Tricoderma viride, phanerochaete chrysosporium and effective microorganisms under aerobic and semi aerobic conditions to study the effect of these pretreatments on the speed and production of biogas. The results indicated that semi aerobic pretreatment has significantly increased the production of biogas more than aerobic pretreatments. The highest yield of biogas and methane production were obtained after anaerobic digestion process at three days from pretreatments. Pretreatment T4 (rice straw + cattle dung + effective microorganisms + starter) achieved in semi aerobic in biogas and methane higher than aerobic pretreatments where, obtained 9.37, 5.94 L biogas and 5.42, 3.22 L methane, respectively. Biogas and methane production rates were based on either total solid or volatile solid where, ranged between 46.60- 381.83 L/Kg consumed biogas and 18.98- 220.86 L/Kg consumed methane. Volatile fatty acids concentration were increased during pretreatments to reach the highest concentration after three days, then decreased subsequently, meanwhile the concentration decreased after anaerobic fermentation process. Also, the pH values increased at the end of anaerobic digestion the values ranged between 7.02-8.28. Ammonical- N concentration was decreased during pretreatments to reach its lowest the concentration after seven days, then decreased at the end of fermentation process where, ranged between 23-138 mg/Kg in final anaerobic digestion process. Pretreatment T4B3 (rice straw + cattle dung + effective microorganisms + starter) after three days from semi aerobic led to the best biogas manure which contents much humic substances.
Terhességi anaemiák jellemzői Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg megyében

Terhesseg soran az anaemia napjainkban is a leggyakoribb belgyogyaszati elvaltozasok koze tartozik. Az anya es az utod szamara egyarant szamos karos kovetkezmennyel jarhat. Celkitűzes: A szerzők vizsgaltak a Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg megyeben 2008-ban szult nők verkepadatai (hemoglobin, atlagos vorosvertest-terfogat), szerum ferritinszintje es a terhessegi kor, a varandosok eletkora, az iskolazottsag, az előző terhessegek szama, a vetelesek es koraszulesek gyakorisaga kozotti osszefuggeseket. Modszer: A szerzők a megyei, 2008-as vedőnői nyilvantartasok adatait elemeztek. Eredmenyek: A verszegenyseg előfordulasanak aranya az I. trimeszterben 2,54%, a masodikban 0,71%, a harmadikban 1,87% volt, es szignifi kansan gyakoribbnak bizonyult a fi atalkoruak (10,30%), az alacsony iskolai vegzettsegűek (5,55%), a masodik vagy tobbedik terhesseguket viselők (2,56%) kozott. A vetelesek aranyaban nem volt kulonbseg, de a koraszules gyakoribb volt az anaemias terhesek kozott (7,14%, vs. 5,46%). Minden vizsgalt csoportban az anaemiasok szamanal jelentősen magasabb volt a normalisnal alacsonyabb atlagos vorosvertest-terfogattal jellemezhető verkepek aranya (6,06–22,88%), ami az esetek dontő tobbsegeben korosan csokkent vasraktarra utal. (Ferritinszint-meghatarozas csak az esetek 2,42%-aban tortent, ezek kozott viszont 93,1%-ban korosan alacsony erteket mertek! ) Kovetkeztetesek: A szerzők a tobbsegukben (latens) vashianyos, joval ritkabban vashianyos anaemias varandos esetek kapcsan felhivjak a fi gyelmet a fi atalkoru, alacsony iskolazottsagu, illetve tobbedszer szulő terhesek gondozasanak kiemelt fontossagara, valamint mar a varandossag korai szakaszaban a verkep helyes ertelmezesere, a megfelelő vaspotlas időben tortenő elkezdesere, sőt, a vasraktarak meg fogamzas előtti feltoltesenek szuksegessegere. Ehhez az irodalmi adatok alapjan ajanlasokat fogalmaznak meg.