Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The perception of formant-frequency range is affected by veridical and judged fundamental frequency

The vowels produced by different speakers vary in terms of their fundamental frequency (f0) and formant frequencies (FFs). Variation in the production of a given vowel category between speakers of different sizes is primarily according to a single multiplicative parameter (related to speaker vocal-tract length). This parameter, which we refer to as FF-scaling, has an associated perceptual quality that listeners may use to determine apparent speaker characteristics and vowel quality. In a previous experiment [Barreda & Nearey. 2011. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , 129, p. 2661], listeners were trained to identify a limited set of voices based on FF-scaling and f0 differences. The current study presented listeners with large number of voices (n = 4000) varying in FF-scaling and f0, arranged in a two-dimensional space where one dimension corresponded to each acoustic characteristic. Listeners were played a voice, and asked to indicate its location on the board, thereby providing an f0 and FF-scaling estimate for the vo.
Fourier decomposition and frequency analysis of the pulsating stars with P<1 d in the OGLE database. I. Monoperiodic Delta Scuti, RRc and RRab variables. Separation criteria and particularities

The OGLE database is revisited to investigate in more detail the properties of the Fourier parameters. Methodological improvements led us to identify a clear separation among High-Amplitude δ Scuti (HADS), RRc and RRab stars. The bimodal distribution of the R 21 parameter in HADS stars is explained as a contamination effect from RRc stars: there is evidence that all stars with $0.20 0.55$ d; evolutionary phases or the combination of different physical conditions (not only metallicity) are suggested to explain this separation, observed also in the cluster RRab stars. The stellar parameters of RRc stars in a given globular cluster show different tendencies than those of RRc stars from different clusters.
Limits on the growth rate of supermassive black holes at early cosmic epochs

The effect of AGN wind feedback on the accretion rate and mass evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBH) is considered. It is shown, under reasonable assumptions, that the rate at which gas can be supplied to a SMBH at the center of a young galaxy, is limited to $\sim 20 (\sigma/350~ {\rm km ~s^{-1}})^4~M_\odot/yr$ (where $\sigma$ is the velocity dispersion of the host bulge) by interaction of winds expelled from the innermost regions of the accretion flow with the gas in the bulge. This rate is independent of the black hole mass but is sensitive to the properties of the host bulge. It is further argued that the interaction of the wind and the inflowing gas in the bulge can strongly affect the structure of the accretion flow in the super-Eddington regime, potentially leading to highly super-Eddington accretion into the SMBH. About 300 Myr after the onset of the accretion phase, the AGN wind expels all the gas from the bulge and the accretion rate is strongly suppressed. This scenario is in remarkable agreement with recent observations, as it (i) reveals the origin of the maximal observed accretion rates, (ii) accounts for the inferred growth rate of SMBHs at high redshift (independent of their initial seeds masses), (iii) elucidates the decline in the accretion rate at lower redshifts, and (iv) explains the relation between $\sigma$ and the mass $M_{BH}$ of the central SMBH, measured in the local Universe.
Deformed Density Matrix and Generalized Uncertainty Relation in Thermodynamics

A generalization of the thermodynamic uncertainty relations is proposed. It is done by introducing of an additional term proportional to the interior energy into the standard thermodynamic uncertainty relation that leads to existence of the lower limit of inverse temperature. The authors are of the opinion that the approach proposed may lead to proof of these relations. To this end, the statistical mechanics deformation at Planck scale. The statistical mechanics deformation is constructed by analogy to the earlier quantum mechanical results. As previously, the primary object is a density matrix, but now the statistical one. The obtained deformed object is referred to as a statistical density pro-matrix. This object is explicitly described, and it is demonstrated that there is a complete analogy in the construction and properties of quantum mechanics and statistical density matrices at Plank scale (i.e. density pro-matrices). It is shown that an ordinary statistical density matrix occurs in the low-temperature limit at temperatures much lower than the Plank’s. The associated deformation of a canonical Gibbs distribution is given explicitly.
On Solar Recurrent Coronal Jets: Coronal Geysers as Sources of Electron Beams and Interplanetary Type-III Radio Bursts

Coronal jets are transitory small-scale eruptions that are omnipresent in solar observations. Active regions jets produce significant perturbations on the ambient solar atmosphere and are believed to be generated by microflare reconnection. Multiple sets of recurrent jets are identified in extreme-ultraviolet filter imaging. In this work we analyze the long timescale recurrence of coronal jets originating from a unique footpoint structure observed in the lower corona. We report the detection of penumbral magnetic structures in the lower corona. These structures, which we call “coronal geysers,” persist through multiple reconnection events that trigger recurrent jets in a quasi-periodical trend. Recurrent jet eruptions have been associated with Type-III radio bursts that are manifestations of traveling non-thermal electron beams. We examine the assumed link, as the coronal sources of interplanetary Type-III bursts are still open for debate. We scrutinized the hypothesized association by temporally correlating a statistically significant sample of six Geyser structures that released at least 50 recurrent jets, with correspondent Type-III radio bursts detected in the interplanetary medium. Data analysis of these phenomena provides new information on small-scale reconnection, non-thermal electron beam acceleration, and energy release. We find that the penumbral Geyser-like flaring structures produce recurring jets. They can be long-lived, quasi-stable, and act as coronal sources for Type-III bursts, and, implicitly, upward accelerated electron beams.
Tidal restoration to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from freshwater impounded coastal wetlands

Freshwater impounded wetlands are created by artificially restricting coastal wetlands connection to tides. The decrease in salinity and altered hydrology can significantly increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, specifically methane (CH4). Restoration of freshwater impounded wetlands through tidal reintroduction can potentially reduce GHG emissions; however, studies in tropical regions are scare. This study investigates the potential for tidal restoration of impounded freshwater coastal wetlands by comparing their GHG emissions with tidally connected mangrove and saltmarshes in the Burdekin catchment in Queensland, Australia. We found that freshwater impounded wetlands had significantly higher CH4 emissions (3,633 ± 812 μg CH4 m−2 hour−1) than mangroves (27 ± 8 μg CH4 m−2 hour−1) and saltmarsh (13 ± 8 μg CH4 m−2 hour−1). Soil redox, moisture, carbon, nitrogen, and bulk density were all significantly correlated to methane emissions. Conversely, freshwater impounded wetlands had significantly lower nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (−0.72 ± 0.18 μg N2O m−2 hour−1) than mangroves and saltmarsh (0.35 ± 0.29 and 1.32 ± 0.52 μg N2O m−2 hour−1 respectively). Nevertheless, when converting to CO2 equivalents (CO2‐eq), freshwater impounded wetlands emitted 91 ± 20 g CO2‐eq m−2 hour−1, compared to the much lower 0.8 ± 0.2 and 0.7 ± 0.2 g CO2‐eq m−2 hour−1 emission rates for mangroves and saltmarsh. In conclusion, restoration of freshwater impounded wetlands through tidal restoration is likely to result in reduced GHG emissions.
“Flying over the crisis”: A study on interdisciplinary metaphors of resilience

Background/Aim: Metaphors on theoretical concepts may be congruent or divergent from their explicit definitions. We carried out a secondary qualitative analysis on metaphors of members of an interdisciplinary research group on resilience and investigated: (A) Which metaphors do experts in different disciplines use to describe people showing resilience? (B) Do these (implicit) metaphors support the (explicit) theses of the research group on resilience? (C) Do we find differences between experts from different disciplines in the use of metaphors on resilience? Method: Nine guideline-based interviews with experts from medicine, psychology, philosophy, and theology were studied using a systematic metaphor analysis, basing on inductive and deductive categorizations. Results: Eight metaphor sources were identified, for example, battle, path. Experts used similar metaphors to describe resilience that often overarched the concepts of resilience as a trait, process, and outcome. Moments of vulnerability within the resilience trajectory were found. Conclusions: The analysis revealed high concordance of metaphors across different disciplines, reflecting both the ideas of the group as well as the mainstream view of resilience. This supports that implicit concepts may be more difficult to reframe than explicit theories. Few differences between disciplines may point to the impact of an overarching Western concept of individual resilience.
The Regional Ice Prediction System (RIPS): verification of forecast sea ice concentration

In recent years, the demand for improved environmental forecasts in the Arctic has intensified as maritime transport and offshore exploration increase. As a result, Canada has accepted responsibility for the preparation and issuing services for the new Arctic MET/NAV Areas XVII and XVIII. Environmental forecasts are being developed based on a new integrated Arctic marine prediction system. Here, we present the first phase of this initiative, a short‐term pan‐Arctic 1/12° resolution Regional Ice Prediction System (RIPS). RIPS is currently set to perform four 48 h forecasts per day. The RIPS forecast model (CICE 4.0) is forced by atmospheric forecasts from the Environment Canada regional deterministic prediction system. It is initialized with a 3D‐Var analysis of sea ice concentration and the ice velocity field and thickness distribution from the previous forecast. The other forcing (surface current) and initialization fields (mixed‐layer depth, sea surface temperature and salinity) come from the 1/4° resolution Global Ice Ocean Prediction System. Three verification methods for sea ice concentration are presented. Overall, verifications over a complete seasonal cycle (2011) against the Ice Mapping System ice extent product show that RIPS 48 h forecasts are better than persistence during the growth season while they have a lower skill than persistence during the melt period. A better representation of landfast ice, oceanic processes (wave–ice interactions, upwelling events, etc.) in the marginal ice zone and better initializing fields should lead to improved forecasts.
Magnetohydrodynamic motion of a two-fluid plasma

The two-fluid Maxwell system couples frictionless electron and ion fluids via Maxwell's equations. When the frequencies of light waves, Langmuir waves, and single-particle cyclotron motion are scaled to be asymptotically large, the two-fluid Maxwell system becomes a fast-slow dynamical system. This fast-slow system admits a formally-exact single-fluid closure that may be computed systematically with any desired order of accuracy through the use of a functional partial differential equation. In the leading order approximation, the closure reproduces magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Higher order truncations of the closure give an infinite hierarchy of extended MHD models that allow for arbitrary mass ratio, as well as perturbative deviations from charge neutrality. The closure is interpreted geometrically as an invariant slow manifold in the infinite-dimensional two-fluid phase space, on which two-fluid motions are free of high-frequency oscillations. This perspective shows that the full closure inherits a Hamiltonian structure from two-fluid theory. By employing infinite-dimensional Lie transforms, the Poisson bracket for the all-orders closure may be obtained in closed form. Thus, conservative truncations of the single-fluid closure may be obtained by simply truncating the single-fluid Hamiltonian. Moreover, the closed-form expression for the all-orders bracket gives explicit expressions for a number of the full closure's conservation laws. Notably, the full closure, as well as any of its Hamiltonian truncations, admits a pair of independent circulation invariants.
COMMON COUPLED FIXED POINT FOR HYBRID PAIR OF MAPPINGS UNDER GENERALIZED NONLINEAR CONTRACTION

Abstract. We establish a coupled coincidence and common coupled xed point theorem for hybrid pair of mappings under generalized non-linear contraction. An example supporting to our result has also beencited. We improve, extend and generalize several known results. 1. Introduction and PreliminariesLet (X;d) be a metric space and CB(X) be the set of all nonempty closedbounded subsets of X:Let D(x;A) denote the distance from xto AˆXandHdenote the Hausdor metric induced by d;that is,D(x; A) = inf a2A d(x; a)and H(A; B) = maxˆsup a2A D(a; B); sup b2B D(b; A)˙; for all A; B2CB(X):The study of xed points for multivalued contractions and non-expansive map-pings using the Hausdor metric was initiated by Markin [20]. The existenceof xed points for various multivalued contractive mappings has been studiedby many authors under di erent conditions. For details, we refer the readerto ([2], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [13], [14], [15], [16], [21], [25], [26], [27]) and thereference therein. The theory of multivalued mappings has applications in con-trol theory, convex optimization, di erential inclusions and economics. Nadler[21] extended the famous Banach Contraction Principle [3] from single-valuedmapping to multivalued mapping.Bhaskar and Lakshmikantham [5] introduced the notion of coupled xedpoint and mixed monotone mappings for single valued mappings. Bhaskarand Lakshmikantham [5] established some coupled xed point theorems and
Correlations between structure and random walk dynamics in directed complex networks

In this letter the authors discuss the relationship between structure and random walk dynamics in directed complex networks, with an emphasis on identifying whether a topological hub is also a dynamical hub. They establish the necessary conditions for networks to be topologically and dynamically fully correlated (e.g., word adjacency and airport networks), and show that in this case Zipf’s law is a consequence of the match between structure and dynamics. They also show that real-world neuronal networks and the world wide web are not fully correlated, implying that their more intensely connected nodes are not necessarily highly active.
A Subarcsecond-Resolution Near-Infrared Study of Seyfert and “Normal” Galaxies. I. Imaging Data

We present new high-resolution near-infrared observations in the J, H, and K bands, obtained to study the properties of Seyfert host galaxies. The data set consists of images in the three bands of practically the entire CfA sample of Seyfert galaxies, and K-band images of a control sample of nonactive, "normal," galaxies, matched to the Seyfert sample in the distribution of type and inclination. The spatial resolution and sampling of the new images is a factor of 2 better than previously published K-band data. In this paper, we present the data in the form of profiles of surface brightness and color, ellipticity and major axis position angle, as well as gray-scale maps of surface brightness in H or K and both J-H and H-K colors. We compare our surface brightness and color profiles with the literature and find good agreement. Our data are discussed in detail in three subsequent publications, where we analyze the morphologies of Seyfert and normal hosts, quantify the strength of nonaxisymmetric features in disks and their relationship to nuclear activity, address the question of bar fraction in Seyferts and normal galaxies, and analyze the color information in the framework of emission mechanisms in Seyfert 1's and 2's and in nonactive galaxies.
Singular value decomposition of integral equations of EM and applications to the cavity resonance problem

The use of the method of moments (MM) based on the electric-field integral equation is considered for conducting bodies with closed regions. For such a calculation, the scattered field is theoretically well defined, but numerical problems have been found near resonant frequencies. To study these problems, the use of the singular value decomposition (SVD) in MM calculations is developed, and the reason the SVD is the appropriate tool for the numerical analysis of any MM calculation (even when the matrix equation is to be solved by an iterative technique) is shown. In particular, the SVD casts a MM calculation into a diagonal form, which allows a careful numerical analysis. The problems near resonance are found to be due to the creation of an approximate impedance matrix Z, which has the wrong resonant frequency (i.e., it is not consistent with that of the radiation problem). One numerical method that avoids these difficulties by using the SVD is discussed, and other more efficient ways of avoiding the usual numerical difficulties are suggested. >
The SINS/zC-SINF Survey of z ∼ 2 Galaxy Kinematics: SINFONI Adaptive Optics–assisted Data and Kiloparsec-scale Emission-line Properties

We present the “SINS/zC-SINF AO survey” of 35 star-forming galaxies, the largest sample with deep adaptive optics (AO)–assisted near-infrared integral field spectroscopy at z ∼ 2. The observations, taken with SINFONI at the Very Large Telescope, resolve the Hα and [N ii] emission and kinematics on scales of ∼1.5 kpc. The sample probes the massive (M⋆ ∼ 2 × 109 − 3 × 1011 M⊙), actively star-forming (SFR ∼ 10–600 M⊙ yr−1) part of the z ∼ 2 galaxy population over a wide range of colors ((U − V)rest ∼ 0.15–1.5 mag) and half-light radii (Re,H ∼ 1–8.5 kpc). The sample overlaps largely with the “main sequence” of star-forming galaxies in the same redshift range to a similar KAB = 23 mag limit; it has ∼0.3 dex higher median specific SFR, ∼0.1 mag bluer median (U − V)rest color, and ∼10% larger median rest-optical size. We describe the observations, data reduction, and extraction of basic flux and kinematic properties. With typically 3–4 times higher resolution and 4–5 times longer integrations (up to 23 hr) than the seeing-limited data sets of the same objects, the AO data reveal much more detail in morphology and kinematics. The complete AO observations confirm the majority of kinematically classified disks and the typically elevated disk velocity dispersions previously reported based on subsets of the data. We derive typically flat or slightly negative radial [N ii]/ gradients, with no significant trend with global galaxy properties, kinematic nature, or the presence of an AGN. Azimuthal variations in [N ii]/ are seen in several sources and are associated with ionized gas outflows and possibly more metal-poor star-forming clumps or small companions. The reduced AO data are made publicly available (http://www.mpe.mpg.de/ir/SINS/SINS-zcSINF-data).
Automation Anxiety and Augmentation Aspiration: Subtexts of the Future of Work

How are gender, class, and race imagined in relation to automation and augmentation in popular books on the future of work? This paper problematises intersectional inequality subtexts in books on the future of work to develop new research directions. The paper shows how automation anxiety is conceptualised as relating to the threat that men might lose their jobs. While working-class men are constructed as unable to reinvent themselves, middle-class men are presented as unable to remain the main provider for a nuclear family. Augmentation aspirations relate to how social and emotional skills are considered as future-proof, but who gets credit for displaying such skills remains uncertain. Creating and working with machines is also considered future-proof, but there are silences around inequality subtexts in relation to data, the designers, and the design of those technologies. The article suggests a research agenda that can be used to understand how inequalities emerge and how they can be diminished in discussions about automation and augmentation in the future of work.
Are There Blue, Massive E/S0 Galaxies at z < 1? Kinematics of Blue Spheroidal Galaxy Candidates

Several recent studies find that 10%–50% of morphologically selected field early-type galaxies at redshifts z ≲ 1 have blue colors indicative of recent star formation. Such "blue spheroids" might be massive early-type galaxies with active star formation, perhaps induced by recent merger events. Alternatively, they could be starbursting, low-mass spheroids. To distinguish between these two choices, we have selected 10 "Blue Spheroid Candidates" (BSCs) from a quantitatively selected E/S0 sample to study their properties, including kinematics from Keck spectra obtained as part of the DEEP Groth Strip Survey (GSS). Most BSCs (70%) turn out to belong to two broad categories, while the remaining objects are likely to be misclassified objects. Type 1 BSCs have underlying red stellar components with bluer inner components. Type 2 BSCs do not show an obvious sign of the underlying red stellar component, and their overall colors are quite blue [(U-B)rest < 0]. Both type 1 and type 2 BSCs have internal velocity dispersions measured from emission lines σ ≲ 80 km s-1 and estimated dynamical masses of only a few ×1010 M⊙ or less. For type 1 BSCs, we estimate σ of the red component using the fundamental plane relation of distant field absorption-line galaxies and find that these σ estimates are similar to the σ measured from emission lines. Overall, we conclude that our type 1 and type 2 BSCs are more likely to be star-forming low-mass spheroids than star-forming, massive, early-type galaxies.
Rheopexy in highly concentrated emulsions

This work describes a detailed study of the rheopectic effect in the flow of highly concentrated emulsions at low stresses. Experiments with the shear rate sweep demonstrated that the upward and downward branches of the flow curves coincide above some specific shear rate value. The upward experiments show the existence of the Newtonian part on the flow curve in the low-shear-rate domain, while the effect of yielding is observed in the downward curve. Restoration of the initial structure (and properties) after cessation of loading occurs very quickly. This allows associating the rheopexy with elastic deformations and the relaxation process (observed in frequency dependence of dynamic moduli) with characteristic times of about 0.03 s. Transient processes proceed in the range of shear deformation of the order of several units. Some quantitative measures of the rheopectic behavior are proposed and discussed. Normal stresses are constant in the low shear stress domain, but decrease sharply above the range of r.