Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Advance in Regulatory Effect of GRP120 on Bone Metabolism

The link between fatty acids and bone metabolism is complex and can be direct and indirect. This link has been reported in different types of bone cells and various stages of bone metabolism. G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), also called free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4), is a member of the recently discovered G protein-coupled receptor family that can interact with both long-chain saturated fatty acids (C14-C18) and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (C16-C22). Research shows that GPR120 regulates processes in different types of bone cells, directly or indirectly affecting bone metabolism. Our research reviewed the literature on the effects of GPR120 on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes, focusing on the research findings regarding the mechanism by which GPR120 alters specific bone metabolic diseases-osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. The data reviewed here provide a basis for clinical and basic research into the role of GPR120 on bone metabolic diseases.
The Regulation of ZIP8 by Dietary Manganese in Mice

ZIP8 is a newly identified manganese transporter. A lack of functional ZIP8 results in severe manganese deficiency in both humans and mice, indicating that ZIP8 plays a crucial role in maintaining body manganese homeostasis. Despite a well-acknowledged connection between ZIP8 and manganese metabolism, how ZIP8 is regulated under high-manganese conditions remains unclear. The primary goal of this study was to examine the regulation of ZIP8 by high-manganese intake. We used both neonatal and adult mouse models in which mice were supplied with dietary sources containing either a normal or a high level of manganese. We discovered that high-manganese intake caused a reduction in liver ZIP8 protein in young mice. Since a decrease in hepatic ZIP8 leads to reduced manganese reabsorption from the bile, our study identified a novel mechanism for the regulation of manganese homeostasis under high-manganese conditions: high dietary manganese intake results in a decrease in ZIP8 in the liver, which in turn decreases the reabsorption of manganese from the bile to prevent manganese overload in the liver. Interestingly, we found that a high-manganese diet did not cause a decrease in hepatic ZIP8 in adult animals. To determine the potential reason for this age-dependent variation, we compared the expressions of liver ZIP8 in 3-week-old and 12-week-old mice. We found that liver ZIP8 protein content in 12-week-old mice decreases when compared with that of 3-week-old mice under normal conditions. Overall, results from this study provide novel insights to facilitate the understanding of ZIP8’s function in regulating manganese metabolism.
A new reverse jacket transform and its fast algorithm

This paper presents the reverse jacket transform [RJT] and a simple decomposition of its matrix, which is used to develop a fast algorithm for the RJT. The matrix decomposition is of the form of the matrix products of Hadamard matrices and successively lower order coefficient matrices. This decomposition very clearly leads to a block circular sparse matrix factorization of the reverse jacket [RJ]/sub N/ matrix. The main property of [RJ]/sub N/ is that the inverse matrices of its elements can be obtained very easily and have a special structure. [RJ]/sub N/ is derived using the weighted Hadamard transform corresponding to the Hadamard matrix [H]/sub N/ and a basic symmetric matrix /spl Lambda/. Each element of [RJ]/sub N/ is a generalized for polygonal subsampling and canonical Smith form. In this paper we represent in particular the systematical block-wise sparse matrix of extending-method for [RJ]/sub N/.
Effect of some phytogenic additives as dietary supplements on performance, egg quality, serum biochemical parameters and oxidative status in laying hens

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of some phytogenic feed additives on performance and quality of eggs as well as blood constituents and antioxidant indices in laying hens. Hi-sex Brown laying hens (72) were assigned to 3 dietary treatments (6 replications of 4 hens in a group) and were fed the basal diet or diets supplemented with 0.9% of rosemary and thyme herbs till 52 wk-old. There were no differences in feed intake andegg weight due to herbs addition. Feed conversion ratio, egg production and egg output improved with herbal plants supplementation compared to control. Egg quality traits were significantly affected by herbs supplementation.There were significant differences among the different experimental groups and control on all serum constituents studied except total protein, albumin and HDL-cholesterol. In comparison to control, the dietenriched with rosemary herb significantly lowered serum triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. Super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity was statistically improved in phytogenic additive groups, and was maximized (277 U/ml) with dietary thyme. While, malonaldehyde (MDA) level decreased compared to control. It can be concluded that thyme and rosemary supplemented up to 0.9% can be used as effective naturalfeed additives in layer diets to improve performance, immune response and antioxidant status.
The Tropopause in a 2D Circulation Model

Abstract The influence of baroclinic waves on tropopause height was studied with a 2D version of the standard climate 3D GCM ECHAM3. The main feature of the 2D version is a self-consistent parameterization of the transient tropospheric eddy heat and momentum fluxes. The mixing processes that result from the stratospheric planetary waves are prescribed according to climatological data. The model calculations were made with and without the parameterized eddy fluxes, separately revealing the effect of midlatitude tropopause lifting due to the tropospheric eddies and the effect of midlatitude tropopause steepening due to the stratospheric circulation. These effects are also demonstrated by the temperature and the lapse rate of the model results and, additionally, by the meridional distribution of trace gas constituents when the 2D model is run as a dynamical–chemical transport model. The results reveal the strong dependence of the tropopause height on the strength of the stratospheric circulation.
Maternal Vitamin B12 Status during Pregnancy and Early Infant Neurodevelopment: The ECLIPSES Study

In this prospective cohort study of 434 mother–infant pairs from the ECLIPSES study, we examine the association between maternal vitamin B12 status at the beginning and end of pregnancy and the neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants 40 days after birth in a pregnant population from a Mediterranean region of northern Spain. Maternal vitamin B12 concentrations were determined in the first and third trimesters, and sociodemographic, nutritional, and psychological data were collected. At 40 days postpartum, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID-III, cognitive, language, and motor skills) were administered to the infants and several obstetrical data were recorded. In the multivariable models, medium maternal first-trimester vitamin B12 levels (312 to 408 pg/mL, tertile 2) were associated with better neonatal performance in the motor, gross motor, language, and cognitive skills with respect to tertile 1 (<312 pg/mL). The probability of obtaining a neonatal motor, gross motor, and receptive language score >75th percentile was significantly higher also in the tertile 2 group. In summary, good maternal vitamin B12 status in the early stage of pregnancy appears to be associated with better infant motor, language, and cognitive performance at 40 days postpartum.
Search for magnetic field oscillations in a sunspot umbra

In order to search for oscillations in velocity and magnetic field strength within a sunspot umbra, a time series of spectra has been obtained through a circular analyzer and the Gregory-Coude telescope at the Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife. The velocity oscillations clearly show peaks of power at periods between 2 and 7 minutes, with a maximum at 5 minutes. The apparent variations of the magnetic field strength, however, don't exhibit significant oscillations; these fluctuations are rather produced by the influence of parasitic stray light from the surrouding quiet sun which are also visible in the measured time variations of the umbral contrast of continuum intensity.
Effects of Early Nutrition Factors on Baseline Neurodevelopment during the First 6 Months of Life: An EEG Study

Throughout infancy, the brain undergoes rapid changes in structure and function that are sensitive to environmental influences, such as diet. Breastfed (BF) infants score higher on cognitive tests throughout infancy and into adolescence than formula fed (FF) infants, and these differences in neurocognitive development are reflected in higher concentrations of white and grey matter as measured by MRI. To further explore the effect diet has on cognitive development, electroencephalography (EEG) is used as a direct measure of neuronal activity and to assess specific frequency bands associated with cognitive processes. Task-free baseline EEGs were collected from infants fed with human milk (BF), dairy-based formula (MF), or soy-based formula (SF) at 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months of age to explore differences in frequency bands in both sensor and source space. Significant global differences in sensor space were seen in beta and gamma bands between BF and SF groups at ages 2 and 6 months, and these differences were further observed through volumetric modeling in source space. We conclude that BF infants exhibit earlier brain maturation reflected in greater power spectral density in these frequency bands.
Structure, topology, rings, and vibrational and electronic properties of Ge x Se 1-x glasses across the rigidity transition: A numerical study

The structural, electronic, and vibrational properties of glassy Ge${}_{x}$Se${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ are studied using density-functional-based molecular dynamics. The focus is on four compositions ($x=10%,20%,25%,33%$) spanning the rigidity transitions and representing typical compositions of flexible, intermediate, and stressed rigid systems. We investigate structural properties including structure factors, pair distribution functions, angular distributions, coordination numbers, and neighbor distributions and compare our results with experimental findings, when available. Most noticeable is the excellent agreement found in the reproduction of the structure in real and reciprocal space which allows tracking the effect of Ge composition on the structure. Ring statistics and ring correlations are examined and followed across the rigidity transition, and the details of typical small rings show a much more complex picture than established previously. A comparison is made with simple bond models and their validity is discussed. Topological constraint analysis is performed and shows that the onset of rigidity changes substantially the angular motion inside the Ge tetrahedra, which displays increased soft bending motions in the stressed rigid phase. We then investigate the vibrational properties via the vibrational density of states and the dielectric function (infrared absorption), and discuss them with respect to experimental findings. Finally, the electronic properties are computed and show an excellent agreement with respect to previous first-principles simulations and to experiments.
Vortex-Excited Transverse Surface Waves in an Array of Randomly Placed Circular Cylinders

AbstractThe results of an experimental investigation on the generation of transverse surface waves inside an array of randomly placed circular glass cylinders are presented. The transverse waves are generated from the forces developed by periodic vortex shedding from the glass cylinders. A lock-on, or a coupling, can occur between the vortex-shedding frequency and the frequency of transverse water waves. In all the experimental runs, the amplitude of the periodic transverse waves initially increased with an increase in water depth but decreased rapidly after reaching a maximum value. The amplitude reached a maximum value at a critical value of the water depth. The maximum amplitude increased with an increase in cylinder diameter. For the lengths of all of the arrays, the maximum amplitude occurred at approximately one-fifth of the total length from the upstream edge of the array. The maximum amplitude across the array increased with increasing Reynolds number until a critical value of the Reynolds number .
Efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines for patients with spinal tumors receiving denosumab treatment: An initial real−clinical experience study

Background Even if COVID-19 vaccine has gradually been adopted in the world, information of side effects and crosstalk in patients with spinal tumors is absent due to the exclusion from clinical research. In this research, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety for the patients with spinal tumors treated by denosumab. Methods In this retrospective research, 400 patients under treatment of denosumab against spinal tumors in real-clinical experience were grouped into two cohorts according to the treatment of COVID-19 vaccine. And linked hospital data, serum samples and unsolicited related adverse events had been collected from January 22nd 2021 to June 1st 2021 respectively. Results 233 patients of all participants who received regular treatment of denosumab were vaccinated by mRNA or inactivated vaccine. Patients of metastatic disease and primary osseous spinal tumor showed similar distribution in both two groups. Over the study period, within 176 patients tested the status of serologic response of vaccine, 88(81.48%) and 41(87.23%) individuals injected one or two inactivated vaccines had effective antibody against SARS-CoV-2 infections. As 21 patients (85.71%) treated by mRNA vaccine did. Considering of the safety of vaccine, most common systemic adverse events were nausea or vomiting (45 events vs 23events). Interestingly, fewer participants in the vaccine group were statistically recorded in local adverse events than in the placebo group (16 events vs 33 events). Conclusions Our initial real-clinical experience suggests that COVID-19 vaccines are likely safe and effective in in patients with spinal tumors receiving denosumab treatment.
Reverse stock splits effects on the liquidity of European stocks

Purpose: It is common that firms listed at undesirably low prices perform reverse stock splits to increase prices while decreasing the number of shares outstanding. In addition to these impacts, it is important to understand whether this operation has any side effects on the liquidity, as this is a fundamental element for the proper functioning of the financial markets. Therefore, our main goal is to analyze the effect that reverse stock splits have on the liquidity of European stocks. Methodology: To analyze the effect on the liquidity of the 30 firms, members of the STOXX Europe 600 index, which performed the 35 reverse stock splits identified between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019, we use the event study methodology and parametric and non-parametric tests. The analysis is done with a short-term (1 month) and a medium-term (6 months) event windows and to measure liquidity we use the turnover ratio and Liu’s (2006) LMx measure. Findings: In the short-term analysis, reverse stock splits contribute to increasing firms’ stock liquidity. In the medium-term analysis, it is not possible to draw a clear conclusion on the effects of reverse stock split on stock liquidity. Practical implications: The results have important implications for investors wishing to acquire shares in firms on the verge of executing this operation, as it clarifies the behavior of liquidity after the reverse stock split, which may influence their investment decision. They also contribute to helping the boards of directors of listed firms in the decision-making process. Originality/value: This work contributes to the financial literature on the relationship between reverse stock splits and liquidity, and to a better knowledge of European markets. Keywords: reverse stock splits, liquidity, Europe.
Effective detective quantum efficiency (eDQE) and effective noise equivalent quanta (eNEQ) for system optimization purposes in digital mammography

Effective detective quantum efficiency (eDQE) and effective noise equivalent quanta (eNEQ) were recently introduced to broaden the notion of DQE and NEQ by including system parameters such as focus blurring and system scatter rejection methods. This work investigates eDQE and eNEQ normalized for mean glandular dose (eNEQMGD) as a means to characterize and select optimal exposure parameters for a digital mammographic system. The eDQE was measured for three anode/filter combinations, with and without anti-scatter grid and for four thicknesses of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA). The modulation transfer function used to calculate eDQE and eNEQ was measured from an edge positioned at 20,40,60,70 mm above the table top without scattering material in the beam. The grid-in eDQE results for all A/F settings were generally larger than those for grid-out. Contrarily, the eNEQMGD results were higher for grid-out than gridin, with a maximum difference of 61% among all A/F combinations and PMMA thicknesses. The W/Rh combination gave the highest eNEQMGD for all PMMA thicknesses compared to the other A/F combinations (for grid-in and grid-out), supporting the results of alternative methods (e.g. the signal difference to noise ratio method). The eNEQMGD was then multiplied with the contrast obtained from a 0.2mm Al square, resulting in a normalized quantity that was higher for the W/Rh combination than for the other A/F combinations. In particular, the results for the W/Rh combination were greater for the grid-in case. Furthermore, these results showed close agreement with a non-prewhitened match filter with eye response model observer (d') normalized for MGD.
Exploiting High‐Density Zonal‐Sampling of HIRDLS Profiles Near 60°S to Investigate Missing Drag in Chemistry‐Climate Models

This study exploits the high‐density zonal sampling at the turnaround latitude of the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) in the Southern Hemisphere to investigate the missing drag in chemistry‐climate models near 60°S. Gravity wave (GW) properties including amplitude, zonal wavenumber, vertical wavelength, and momentum flux are estimated with a wave analysis method based on the S‐transform. Monthly means of GW properties compare well with estimates from previous studies. We further investigate the contribution to GW momentum flux above orographic and nonorographic regions and find that while fluxes are much larger locally over orographic regions, the contribution to the zonal mean is roughly 3 times smaller than the contribution over nonorographic regions. We also investigate the relationship with the zonal wind and find that GW momentum flux is highly correlated with the near surface winds over orographic regions. In addition to momentum flux, we also provide estimates of the zonal drag and use these estimates to evaluate the current GW parameterizations and resolved wave forcing in models participating in phase 1 of the Chemistry‐Climate Model Initiative (CCMI‐1). The HIRDLS zonal drag estimates suggest that the CCMI‐1 models have insufficient zonal drag, especially in June, July, and August, and that the majority of the missing drag is over nonorographic regions. Our discussion includes implications for the Brewer‐Dobson Circulation and ozone hole.
An application of image processing in the study of sediment motion

The influence of turbulence on the entrainment of sediment particles from a plane mobile bed was investigated using image processing techniques to record sediment particle motion in an experimental flume while simultaneously monitoring the turbulence characteristics of the flow. The importance of the image processing techniques applied arise from the use of the collected images for determination of the area of sediment entrained and the instantaneous particle velocity. A subtraction technique was used to derive the difference between consecutive images, from which the number of particles entrained in an increment of time could be determined. A cross correlation was applied to find if a relation between the number of entrained particles and the instantaneous shear stress in sweep events existed. A significant correlation with was found for this relation. From the results obtained, the exceedance probability of the area entrained was found to correlate with the exceedance probability of instantaneous shear .
A study of the dynamic behavior of an electrorheological fluid

The dynamic stress‐strain behavior of an electrorheological (ER) fluid was studied using a Rheometric Mechanical Spectrometer with a specially fabricated high voltage, parallel plate cell. With this apparatus, dynamic properties were determined as a function of the applied field, strain, volume fraction, and oscillation frequency. The experimental technique is rapid and represents a convenient way of obtaining dynamical information of ER fluids. The ER fluid used in the study consists of the hydrated lithium salt of poly(methylacrylate) dispersed in a chlorinated paraffin oil. When an electric field is applied, the suspension behaves elastically at low strains and undergoes plastic deformation at high strain, which is characterized by field‐dependent yield stress. This ER fluid behaves like an elastic Bingham fluid.
Generalized and Stability Rational Functions for Dynamic Systems of Reactor Kinetics

The base of reactor kinetics dynamic systems is a set of coupled stiff ordinary differential equations known as the point reactor kinetics equations. These equations which express the time dependence of the neutron density and the decay of the delayed neutron precursors within a reactor are first order nonlinear and essentially describe the change in neutron density within the reactor due to a change in reactivity. Outstanding the particular structure of the point kinetic matrix, a semianalytical inversion is performed and generalized for each elementary step resulting eventually in substantial time saving. Also, the factorization techniques based on using temporarily the complex plane with the analytical inversion is applied. The theory is of general validity and involves no approximations. In addition, the stability of rational function approximations is discussed and applied to the solution of the point kinetics equations of nuclear reactor with different types of reactivity. From the results of various benchmark tests with different types of reactivity insertions, the developed generalized Pade approximation (GPA) method shows high accuracy, high efficiency, and stable character of the solution.