Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Secure indoor traffic modeling in long‐term evolution femtocell networks using efficient Markov decision process

Mobile users spent most of their time in an indoor environment, therefore it is crucial to develop indoor traffic models for next‐generation networks. The significance of this paper is related to the predominant femtocell technology as it is anticipated to be a very crucial part of the modern mobile networks such as 5G and beyond networks. The Femtocell network can satisfy the increased bandwidth demand for video and data traffic with improved network capacity and security. Indoor data traffic exhibits different characteristics that need to be dealt with distinct criteria of the Poisson process and existing classifying techniques. Indoor traffic models, proposed in the literature do not consider long‐range dependent characteristics for traffic modeling. Moreover, these traffic models have the ability to capture large flows only. In this paper, we have provided an efficient quality of service‐based classifier for downlink transmission in long‐term evolution (LTE)‐femtocell network. Our proposed algorithm models the indoor traffic by Poisson Lomax Burst Process. Modeled traffic streams, after prioritization, are classified using Markov Decision Process (MDP) classifier. Furthermore, a detailed comparison of our proposed MDP algorithm with the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in the literature has also been presented. The network performance parameters have been assessed in terms of throughput, delay, and jitter. Simulation results depict a significant improvement in throughput in contrast with Round Robin (RR), which is approximately 8%, 6%, 6%, and 7% for voice, video, BE, and BG services, respectively, while modified least weighted delay first (MLWDF) gives least performance among them. MDP also provides an improvement in delay and average jitter of four different traffic flows and mixed traffic users when compared with RR and MLWDF algorithms.
Voxelwise encoding models with non-spherical multivariate normal priors

Predictive models for neural or fMRI data are often fit using regression methods that employ priors on the model parameters. One widely used method is ridge regression, which employs a spherical Gaussian prior that assumes equal and independent variance for all parameters. However, a spherical prior is not always optimal or appropriate. There are many cases where expert knowledge or hypotheses about the structure of the model parameters could be used to construct a better prior. In these cases, non-spherical Gaussian priors can be employed using a generalized form of ridge known as Tikhonov regression. Yet Tikhonov regression is only rarely used in neuroscience. In this paper we discuss the theoretical basis for Tikhonov regression, demonstrate a computationally efficient method for its application, and show several examples of how Tikhonov regression can improve predictive models for fMRI data. We also show that many earlier studies have implicitly used Tikhonov regression by linearly transforming the regressors before performing ridge regression.
Effects of bleed hole size on supersonic boundary layer bleed mass flow rate

The bleed hole diameter, depth, and boundary layer thickness are key design parameters of a supersonic bleed system. The evolution trend of single-hole bleed flow coefficient with the ratio of boundary layer thickness to bleed hole diameter and the ratio of bleed hole depth to diameter is investigated by numerical simulations under choking and non-choking conditions. The results show that the subsonic leading edge of the circular hole and the subsonic part of the boundary layer are the main factors causing lateral flow of the bleed hole. The effect of diameter on bleed mass flow rate is due to the viscous effect which reduces the effective diameter. The larger the ratio of displacement thickness to bleed hole diameter, the more obvious the viscous effect is. The depth affects bleed flow rate by changing the opening and closing states of the separation zone. When a certain depth is reached, the development of the boundary layer reduces the effective captured stream tube and thus reduces the bleed mass flow rate. The main objective of the study is to obtain the physical mechanism of the bleed hole size parameters affecting the bleed mass flow rate, and to provide theoretical guidance for the selection of the size of bleed holes in the design of a porous arrays bleed system in hypersonic inlets.
Gene Pyramiding for Sustainable Crop Improvement against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Sustainable agricultural production is endangered by several ecological factors, such as drought, extreme temperatures, excessive salts, parasitic ailments, and insect pest infestation. These challenging environmental factors may have adverse effects on future agriculture production in many countries. In modern agriculture, conventional crop-breeding techniques alone are inadequate for achieving the increasing population’s food demand on a sustainable basis. The advancement of molecular genetics and related technologies are promising tools for the selection of new crop species. Gene pyramiding through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and other techniques have accelerated the development of durable resistant/tolerant lines with high accuracy in the shortest period of time for agricultural sustainability. Gene stacking has not been fully utilized for biotic stress resistance development and quality improvement in most of the major cultivated crops. This review emphasizes on gene pyramiding techniques that are being successfully deployed in modern agriculture for improving crop tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses for sustainable crop improvement.
Substitution of Mineral Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer in Maize Systems: A Meta-Analysis of Reduced Nitrogen and Carbon Emissions

Organic fertilizer is an effective substitute for mineral fertilizer that improves crop yield and is environmentally friendly. However, the effects of substitution often vary due to complicated interactions among the organic fertilizer substitution rate (Rs), total nutrient supply, and type of cropping system used. We performed a meta-analysis of 133 maize studies, conducted worldwide, to assess maize yield and environmental performance with substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer. At an equivalent nitrogen (N) rate, substituting mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer increased maize yield by 4.22%, reduced NH3 volatilization by 64.8%, reduced N leaching and runoff by 26.9%, and increased CO2 emissions by 26.8%; however, it had no significant effect on N2O or CH4 emissions. Moreover, substitution with organic fertilizer increased the soil organic carbon sequestration rate by 925 kg C ha−1 yr−1 and decreased the global warming potential by 116 kg CO2 eq ha−1 compared with mineral fertilizer treatment. The net global warming potential after organic fertilizer substitution was −3507 kg CO2 eq ha−1, indicating a net carbon sink. Furthermore, the effect of organic fertilizer substitution varied with the fertilization rate, Rs, and treatment duration. Maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency tended to increase with increasing N application rate following substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer. Full substitution reduced N losses more than partial substitution. Further analysis revealed that the yield-optimal Rs for organic N in maize production was 40–60%. Moreover, maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency were further increased after long-term (≥ 3 years) combined use of organic and mineral fertilizers. These findings suggest that rational use of organic and mineral fertilizers improves maize productivity, increases soil organic carbon sequestration, and reduces N and C losses.
Barley Cultivars and Seed Rates Effects on Energy and Water Productivity of Green Fodder Production under Hydroponic Condition

Background: Green fodder availability for livestock is decreasing because of climate change impacts on crop productivity and scarcity of land and water resources. Therefore, barley green fodder production in hydroponic systems could be an alternative to ensure sustainable green forage production for livestock. In spite having advantages such as high nutritional and economical values, marginal land use, providing natural feed for animals, and availability during all seasons of year, green fodder production in hydroponic system should be evaluated from energy, water productivity, and GHG emissions intensity point of view. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of barley cultivars and seed rates on the energy indices, GHG emissions intensity, and water productivity of barley green fodder production under hydroponic condition. Methods: This research was conducted in the form of a completely randomized experimental design with two factors, 12 treatments, and 12 replications. Barley cultivars of Raihan, Behrokh, EC and Fasih were main factors, and seed rates of 600, 700, and 800 g/tray were considered as subplots. Input and output energies, energy indices, fodder dry matter, water productivity, and GHG emissions intensity were determined in this study. Results: Results showed that barley cultivar and seed rate had significant effect on fodder dry matter, water productivity, and GHG emission intensity; while, energy indices were only affected by barley cultivars. Behrokh cultivar had the highest fodder dry matter, water productivity, energy indices, and the lowest GHG emission intensity. Seed rate of 800 g/tray provided the highest fodder dry matter, water productivity, and lowest GHG emission intensity. Therefore, Behrokh barley cultivar with seed rate of 800 g/tray was recommended for barley green fodder production in hydroponic systems in semi-arid climate condition of Iran.
Studies on the Effect of Organic Amendments and Bio-agents on Seedling Growth of Acid Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) cv. Balaji

In India, among the fruit crops citrus species covers an area of 10.4 % of major fruit crops with an area 268.4Mha, with the production of 2950.4 MT and the productivity of 11.0 MT/ha (Anonymous 2015-16). The major lime producing states are Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Assam and Chhattisgarh. Andhra Pradesh stands first in the country both in area (38850 hectares) and production (582743 MT) for acid lime. Major acid lime growing areas in the state are Nellore, Kadapa, Ananthapuramu, Kurnool, Guntur, East and West Godavari districts. The annual yield varies from 3000 to 5000 fruit per tree.
Ununcovering the biological and agronomic stability of Chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) genotypes against sodium chloride stress

Irrigation practices have imposed the salinity stress in cultivated areas which resultantly inhibiting the crop productivity. Chickpea is also being grown under versatile environmental conditions across the region. Stability of the genotypic performance across different environments is indicator of tolerance against subjected stress. In current research experiment, agronomic and biological stability of chickpea genotypes was evaluated against different artificial saline environments. GGE biplot analysis was used for identification of stable performance of chickpea genotypes based on morphometric, physiological and biochemical markers. Chickpea genotypes were found to be negatively affected by salinity stress at early growth stages but magnitude of responses was different across the genotypes which have indicated the differential levels of genotype into environment interactions. Genotype 6009 was found biologically stable for chlorophyll contents, relative water contents and growth related parameters while genotype 6003 was biologically stable for relative water contents, Na+ concentration, K+ concentration and growth related traits. Venhar-2000, Bital-98 and Noor-2009 showed agronomic stability and recommended for further progression, manipulation and improvisation against salinity stress for better productivity.
A Conceptual Framework on the Audit Quality in the Government Internal Audit in Indonesia

This study begins with the problem of auditor performance on the Big Four Public Accounting Firm and requires an improvement in audit quality due to a decreased audit quality assessment on the Big Four Public Accounting Firm. Problem related to audit quality is also experienced by government internal auditors. This is due to several factors such as the minimum standards set by the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (FDSA) that have not been met by government internal auditors, auditor staff with accounting education backgrounds are still very few, auditors have not applied the Government Internal Oversight Apparatus (GIOE) code of ethics and so forth. The aims of this study to determine the extent of the audit quality produced by the government's internal auditors at the FDSA of Java island Representatives. Through the theory of behaviorism, this study has four objectives is to find out the implementation of professional accounting ethics, auditor competence, integrity, professional commitment on audit quality. Therefore, this study contributes to FDSA of Java Provinces to carry out the functions and duties of government internal auditor based on the GIOE codes and ethics and standards.
Temporal dependency of emotional states at work and its relationship with dynamic performance

Emotion dynamics, how people’s emotions fluctuate across time, represent a key source of information about people’s psychological functioning and well-being. Investigating emotion dynamics in the workplace is particularly relevant, as affective experiences are intimately connected to organizational behavior and effectiveness. In this study, we examined the moderating role of emotional inertia in the dynamic association between both positive and negative emotions and self-rated job performance among a sample of 120 Italian workers (average age 41.4, SD = 14), which were prompted six times per day, for five working days. Emotional inertia refers to the extent that emotional states are self-predictive or carry on over time and is measured in terms of the autocorrelation of emotional states across time. Although inertia has been linked to several indicators of maladjustment, little is known about its correlates in terms of organizational behavior. Findings revealed that workers reporting high levels of positive emotions and high inertia rated their performance lower than workers high in positive emotions, but low in inertia. In contrast, the relation between negative emotions and performance was not significant for either high levels of inertia or low levels of inertia. Taken together, these results suggest the relevance of investigating the temporal dependency of emotional states at work.
Poultry manure as a protein supplement in indigenous goat production in Zimbabwe

The abundance of poultry litter in most farms in the sub-Saharan Africa is becoming an environmental problem. The objective of this study is to evaluate the proximate value, in-vitro digestibility of dried poultry manure (DPM) and its subsequent effect on growth, pH, and volatile fatty acid production of indigenous goats in Zimbabwe. Eighteen goats were randomly allocated to two treatment diets: grazing veld grass plus ad libitum browsing of Luecaena leucocephala (T1) and 25% dry poultry manure plus 75% maize meal (MM) (T2), in a completely randomised design. Three samples of 2 g each T1 and T2 diets were subjected to standard procedures, for proximate analysis; a two stage Tilley and Terry was used to evaluate dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility of the diets. The results show no significant differences between treatment diets for DM, ether extract (EE) and Ash; however T1 had higher (P 0.05). Diet and sex of animals significantly influenced (P<0.05) the total VFA production. Male animals in T2 exhibited the highest (P<0.05) total VFAs. In conclusion, although there were some nutrient inadequacies (ash, ADF) in poultry manure feed, it can support goat production at a marginal scale and positively influence pH and VFA production. Key words: Goats, digestibility, poultry manure, nutritive value.
A Case Study Series of the Health Status and Key Anthropometry in Very Large Strength Athletes

Strongmen are characterised by large mass they use to perform feats of strength, the effect this large mass has on the athlete’s health are unknown. The aim of this study was to: characterise a group of strongmen and to compare observed values with established parameters for good health. We measured: resting metabolic rate, body composition, skinfolds, lipid profiles, fasted glucose, blood pressure, power output, and grip strength in 6 competitive strongmen over 6 months. Blood pressure varied with 3 of the strongmen recording hypertensive values. Fasted blood glucose levels aligned with values for healthy adults, cholesterol/lipid profiles variable with the suggestion that values are generally poorer in strongmen than in healthy adults. The large body mass of the strongmen corresponded with a large amount of adipose tissue, which may incur risk for non-communicable disease. Furthermore, the risk of disease may be further compounded by anabolic steroid use. Dietary considerations are made for protecting cardiovascular health and the potential for 'healthy' weight gain. To our knowledge this is the first such nested cohort study in the area of strongmen competitors. Larger studies are needed to confirm and further elucidate this data. Considerations for protecting the health of strongman competition is made.
Evidence on Social and Financial Performance: Mapping the Empirical Garden of Forking Paths

Worldwide, almost 30% of professionally managed assets are invested in funds that use social performance as a screening or selection criteria. Scholars have encouraged such investment by contending that social and financial gain are linked, but reviews of empirical research on the connection between social and financial performance have been inconclusive. In fact, six of the most influential articles on the subject reach conflicting conclusions despite using the same sources of data and appearing in the same peer-reviewed journal. Some scholars opine that no synthesis of these disparate findings is feasible, but we use new ideas from epistemology and statistics to show how it can be done. We conclude that the interpretation of the evidence depends on empirical assumptions, particularly about the location of meaningful variance: differences between firms imply a positive relationship; but year-to-year differences within firm histories imply a negative association between social and financial performance.
Effects of Tio 2 Nanocomposite Packaging and Gamma Irradiation on the Shelf-life of Rainbow trout Stored at (+4 ◦ C)

Gamma irradiation is used to assure effects on decay prevention by sterilizing the microorganisms and elaborating the safety without arbitrating the nutritional properties and sensory quality of the food. In this research, the effect of Tio2 nanocomposite (1% concentration), gamma irradiation (3 and 5 kGy), and their combination on the shelf life of filleted “Oncorhynchus mykiss” during cold storage (+4°C) were examined periodically every 4 days (during 20 days). For this purpose, fillet samples were packaged by Tio2 nanocomposites and then they were irradiated at room temperature and they were preserved. Microbial, chemical and sensory effects were considered during storage to control, pack and irradiate treatment. The result indicated that TiO2 nanocomposite and irradiation at 3 kGy would enable longer retention of the chemical, microbial, and sensory characteristics and extend the shelf life of fish fillets during the cold storage.
Recent progress and prospects of integrated perovskite/organic solar cells

Solar cells generate renewable energy by converting sunlight into electricity based on the photovoltaic effects. Different types of solar cells have been developed with the employment of versatile organic, inorganic, and hybrid semiconductors as the photoactive layer among which perovskite and solar cells have evidenced enormous progress in recent years. The maximum achievable power conversion efficiencies of perovskite and organic solar cells have now surpassed 25% and 18%, respectively. Nevertheless, the relatively narrow light absorption region of perovskite and large open-circuit voltage loss of organic solar cells hinder their further improvements. Recently, an emerging type of photovoltaic device, an integrated perovskite/organic solar cell, by incorporating perovskites and near-infrared organic semiconductors, has obtained enhanced short-circuit current density while reserving the high open-circuit voltage of perovskite devices. Integrated perovskite/organic solar cells simplify the sophisticated fabrication processes of tandem solar cells by depositing organic semiconductors, which are dissolved in orthogonal solvents directly onto the perovskite layer, offering a novel route to utilize more photons. In this review, we start with the operational mechanism of this new type of solar cell and then introduce various devices through distinctions of the organic layer. We proceed to summarize critical factors that determine efficiency and provide perspectives on directions to optimize, including the device structure and the organic and perovskite layers. This review serves as an ideal guide for the further development of high-performance integrated photovoltaic devices.
External activity of colonies of Melipona quinquefasciata managed in different types of beehive

This study evaluated the influence of the environment and of two models of beehive (wooden box and ceramic pot) on the flight activity of the ground-nesting bee, Melipona quinquefasciata. The experiment took place in the Chapada do Araripe, in the State of Ceara, Brazil, between July 2014 and June 2015. The study followed colonies in three ceramic pots and four wooden boxes. Observations of the flight activity of the bees and of the climate were made on five days every month, each colony being monitored for 5 min, at intervals of one hour, from 0500 to 1700. The internal temperature and relative humidity of the hives were also recorded every hour throughout the year. The temperature correlated positively with the bees’ entering and leaving the hives, while air humidity correlated negatively. Light intensity positively influenced the two flows. Bee entry was higher during the dry period of the year (dry = 2.82 ± 0.22; wet = 1.19 ± 0.22). The mean internal temperature of the ceramic pots was higher (p<0.01) (dry = 23.34 ± 0.48 °C) (wet = 23.20 ± 0.25 °C) than of the wooden boxes (dry = 22.08 ± 0.31 °C and wet = 21.89 ± 0.29 °C), as was the internal humidity (dry = 87.41 ± 0.56% and wet = 89.35 ± 0.94%) (p<0.01) (dry = 82.24 ± 0.74% and wet = 86.47 ± 0.11%). It was concluded that the activity of Melipona quinquefasciata was related to the climate and the seasonality of the resources. The model of beehive used influences the homeostasis and foraging of the colonies.
The effects of genotype and altitude of the growing location on physical, chemical, and phytochemical properties of strawberry

The effects of genotype and altitude of the growing location on physical, chemical, and phytochemical properties of strawberry fruits were investigated. Eight strawberry genotypes obtained from diverse breeding programs were selected. The genotypes were grown at three altitudes: in Antakya (117 m), Urumu (443 m), and Saksak (755 m). The results indicated that genotype and growing location had a significant impact on both physico-chemical and phytochemical characteristics. Genotypes explained 36%–51% of total variance for fruit weight (FW), total soluble solids (TSS), total acidity (TA), color incidence chroma (C), hue ( h° ), citric acid, and total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA). Altitudes explained 23%–50% of total variance for color L, total phenolic content (TPC), glucose, fructose, and total sugar. The genotype effect was larger than that of the different altitude conditions for most of the physico-chemical and phytochemical component variables in the experiment, showing that breeding for fruit quality properties may be successful.