Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variations on Forecasted Construction Cash Flows of Building Projects: A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) Approach

There are significant variations between the forecasted and the actual construction cash flows in execution of construction projects due to risk factors inherent in those projects. These risk factors have relationships with variations that occur on forecasted construction cash flows. This research is therefore aimed to analyze the relationships between variations on forecasted construction cash flows and the significant risk factors involved in causing those variations on forecasted construction cash flows in building projects in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Also, this study identifies those significant risk factors and formulates a model for analyzing the relationships. This paper reports part of an on-going research concerned with modelling the construction cash flows. A questionnaire survey was administered to different building contractors based in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The primary data are mainly analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) specifically AMOS software, but statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for factor reduction in identifying the significant risk factors (analytical variables). The developed model for analyzing the relationships is concluded to be good basing on overall model fit indices which appear quite good (RMSEA = 0.066 < 0.1, CFI = 0.939 and GFI = 0.710 (belong to the range of 0 to 1)). Also, the χ2 test yields a value of 157.824 with 71 degrees of freedom were found to be significant at 0.01. Furthermore, the study found that there are significant causal relationships between identified significant risk factors and variations on forecasted construction cash flows related to substructure, superstructure, finishings and services installations. Additionally, all variations that occur on forecasted construction cash flows for substructure, superstructure, finishing and services installations are found to be positively correlated to each other in executing building projects. The identified significant risk factors are errors in project documents (Bills of Quantities), consultants’ lack of experience and technical skills, poor communication among project participants, unethical practices to consultants, different meanings of specifications, design errors, incomplete information at tender stage and poor/incomplete design. It is therefore recommended that stakeholders in building industry should involve the strategies that can minimize the variations caused by identified significant risk factors on forecasted construction cash flows in execution of building projects. Also, contributing trends of the identified significant risk factors in causing variations on forecasted construction cash flows based on detailed elements of buildings should be established from historical data using contract documents for further modelling.
The Copenhagen Interpretation Born Again

An approach to quantum mechanics is developed which makes the Heisenberg cut between the deterministic microscopic quantum world and the partly deterministic, partly stochastic macroscopic world explicit. The microscopic system evolves according to the Schrodinger equation with stochastic behaviour arising when the system is probed by a set of coarse grained macroscopic observables whose resolution scale defines the Heisenberg cut. The resulting stochastic process can account for the different facets of the classical limit: Newton's laws (ergodicity broken); statistical mechanics of thermal ensembles (ergodic); and solve the measurement problem (partial ergodicity breaking). In particular, the usual rules of the Copenhagen interpretation, like the Born rule, emerge, along with completely local descriptions of EPR type experiments. The formalism also re-introduces a dynamical picture of equilibration and thermalization in quantum statistical mechanics and provides insight into how classical statistical mechanics can arise in the classical limit and in a way that alleviates various conceptual problems.
Periodic patterning is a fundamental organizing process in biology. Using a feather reconstitution assay, we traced back to the initial stage of the patterning process. Cells started from an equivalent state and self-organized into a periodic pattern without previous cues

In animals and plants, elements are often repeated at relatively regular intervals. This constitutes a periodic pattern (Held, 1992) and can be seen in somites/vertebrae (Gossler and Hrabe de Angelis, 1998; Tajbakhsh and Sporle, 1998), limb skeletal patterns (Cohn and Tickle, 1996; Johnson and Tabin, 1997), teeth (Theslef and Pispa, 1998) zebra stripes (Bard, 1981), etc. How are the location, number and size of these repetitive elements determined? Through tissue interactions, cells are distinguished from their neighbors and set on an altered developmental track. Groups of cells are selected at intervals to form a repeated pattern. Many models for periodic patterning have been proposed to address this fundamental process in biological development (Turing, 1952; Wolpert, 1971; Newman and Frisch, 1979; Steinberg and Poole, 1981; Held, 1992; Newman and Comper, 1990; Steinberg and Takeichi, 1994). Inductive models suggest that substances, appearing in the right place and at the right time, induce each element. In these models, the environment or position of a cell, interpreted through cues such as molecular gradients, cause each cell to adopt a particular determination state. Other proposals suggest that cells with different properties such as differential adhesiveness can sort themselves out into specific organizations. These models rely heavily on predetermined differences in cells or the environment to generate periodic patterns. Still other models suggest that cells have self-organizing abilities. Cells start from an equivalent state from which periodic patterns gradually emerge and sharpen (Newman and Comper, 1990; Kopan and Turner, 1996). Since all cells have equivalent opportunities to contribute to either the element itself or interelement spacing, these models have a probabilistic nature. However, since the location of cells with respect to the forming pattern also influences their cell fate, there may also be a deterministic nature to the process. Within this class of models, the reaction-diffusion mechanism proposes that random stochastic fluctuations are amplified into peaks and troughs by means of chemicals or mechanical forces that propagate at different rates. In non-living chemical models, a reaction-diffusion mechanism has been shown to form stripes and dots from a uniform state (Ouyang and Swinney, 1991; Lee et al., 1994; Dulos et al., 1996). In biological patterning, it was suggested that cells can be distinguished from adjacent cells with a similar mechanism by interpreting the concentrations of morphogens, which can be activators or inhibitors, or mechanical differences (Oster et al., 1983; Nagorcka and 4997 Development 126, 4997-5009 (1999) Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1999 DEV4209
Adjustment to unmet parenthood goals: Systematic review of long-term adjustment after

Background: Fertility treatment is not guaranteed to succeed and around 30% of patients do 44 not achieve parenthood. Failed treatment represents the loss of parenthood and often 45 triggers intense and prolonged grief reactions. There is an increasing awareness of the need 46 to support patients in the aftermath of failed treatment, however there are no effective 47 interventions for the effect. This need for support is expected to increase as the number of 48 people delaying parenthood increases and therefore so does the number for whom assisted 49 reproduction will not offer a solution. Objective and rationale: This mixed-methods review aims at investigating if patients who 51 undergo failed fertility treatment experience significant psychosocial adjustment difficulties 52 that warrant the provision of psychosocial support, and at developing a comprehensive 53 model of adjustment to unmet parenthood goals that can be used to assist the design of theory led psychosocial interventions. Search Search terms fertility treatment AND psychosocial adjustment AND Quantitative studies had to include group mean comparisons on psychosocial adjustment (mental-health, wellbeing) between patients who did failed treatment and a control group. Qualitative studies had to focus on experiences of psychosocial adjustment after failed treatment. Screening, data extraction and critical appraisal were done 61 independently by the authors using pre-defined protocols. Two meta-analyses were performed on mental-health and wellbeing with a random effect model. Primary outcome was 63 Hedge’s g. Publication bias was checked with visual inspection of funnel plots, Egger’s test and the trim-and-fill method. A 3-stage thematic analysis of results reported in primary 65 qualitative papers was implemented. First-order descriptive and second-order interpretative themes were extracted. predictions were articulated in the Three Tasks Model of Adjustment to Unmet Parenthood Goals. Wider implications: Results provide compelling evidence for the provision of psychosocial 82 care directed at helping individuals relinquishing their parenthood goals. The model 83 developed offers comprehensive guidance on the therapeutic mechanisms that psychosocial 84 care should target to promote adjustment. Future research should test the model with 85 prospective cohorts studies or by developing and testing interventions based on its 86 predictions.
Barriers to ICT Integration in Moroccan Secondary School EFL Classrooms

There is a broad consensus in the literature that the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become an effective tool that can be used for educational purposes. The use of ICT in the classroom creates better learning opportunities and enhances the quality of teaching. However, barriers to ICT integration hinder this process. The aim of this paper is to explore the perceived barriers to ICT integration that Moroccan secondary school teachers encounter in EFL classrooms. This study adopted a mixed-methods design, and data were collected through two instruments: a survey questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. Secondary school EFL teachers in the area of Agadir, Morocco, participated in this study and of the 80 informants who completed and returned the questionnaire, 8 of them were interviewed. The findings indicate that the major barriers that teachers encounter in integrating ICT into the classrooms were lack of adequate ICT facilities in the schools, lack of time, lack of continuous and effective ICT training, technical problems, and lack of technical support. Further, various solutions and recommendations are offered to minimize these barriers and maximize the beneficial use of ICT in the teaching and learning process in Moroccan EFL secondary school settings.
Rapid loss of the plasma sheet energetic electrons associated with the growth of whistler mode waves inside the bursty bulk flows

During the interval ~07:45:36–07:54:24 UT on 24 August 2005, Cluster satellites (C1 and C3) observed an obvious loss of energetic electrons (~3.2–95 keV) associated with the growth of whistler mode waves inside some bursty bulk flows (BBFs) in the midtail plasma sheet (XGSM ~ −17.25 RE). However, the fluxes of the higher‐energy electrons (≥128 keV) and energetic ions (10–160 keV) were relatively stable in the BBF‐impacted regions. The energy‐dependent electron loss inside the BBFs is mainly due to the energy‐selective pitch angle scatterings by whistler mode waves within the time scales from several seconds to several minutes, and the electron scatterings in different pitch angle distributions are different in the wave growth regions. The plasma sheet energetic electrons have mainly a quasi‐perpendicular pitch angle distribution (30°
The Origin of Ripples in Cool Cores of Galaxy Clusters: Heating by Magnetohydrodynamic Waves?

We consider MHD waves as a heating source of cool cores of galaxy clusters. In particular, we focus on transverse waves (Alfvén waves), because they can propagate a longer distance than longitudinal waves (sound waves). Using MHD simulations, we found that the transverse waves can stably heat a cool core if the wave period is large enough (≳108 yr). Moreover, the longitudinal waves that are created as a by-product of the nonlinear evolution of the transverse waves could be observed as the "ripples" found in cool cores.
Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Adherence to Treatment and Self-Care in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes, Metabolic and Obesity: Targets and Therapy

Background: Elderly patients with diabetes have a significantly increased prevalence of mild cognitive impairment compared with people of similar age without diabetes. Tasks related to diabetes self-management involve multiple cognitive skills and processes, such as memory, attention, planning, and calculating. Impaired cognitive function can threaten the patient’s ability to perform self-monitoring. The objectives of the study were: to assess cognitive deficits and the level of self-care in elderly patients with diabetes, to identify correlations between cognitive deficits and self-care, and to determine which variables influence self-care behaviors and cognitive deficits. Methods: The study involved 169 patients with type 2 DM. Standardized tools were used: Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive function and the Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (SCODI) to assess the level of self-care. Socioclinical data were taken from the hospital records. Results: 56.8% of patients had cognitive impairment (MMSE≤26). In the comparative analysis, patients with cognitive impairment had significantly lower results in all domains of the SCODI: self-care maintenance (72.9 vs 75), self-care monitoring (53.1 vs 56.3), self-care management (71.9 vs 84.4), self-care confidence (79.5 vs 86.4). Correlation analysis showed that the MMSE score correlates significantly and positively (p˂0.05; r˃0) with all SCODI subscales, and the higher the MMSE score the higher the level of self-care (A: r=0.252, B: r=0.244, C: r=0.019, D: r=0.28). Conclusion: In this elderly type 2 diabetes population, and using only one test to verify the cognitive function, self-care management was worse in terms of self-care management (blood glucose control). Cognitive function components are independent determinants of self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes. Recall is an independent predictor of self-care maintenance, and writing a predictor of self-care monitoring.
XXVI.—A Monograph on the general Morphology of the Myxinoid Fishes, based on a study of Myxine. Part II. The Anatomy of the Muscles.

The first part of this work was published in the Transactions of the Society for 1905, when the present section was promised by the end of the same year. But the labour of revising the whole work on the sections and of posting all the muscles in the extensive series of key sections along with the skeleton has been much greater than was anticipated, and hence the delay. This labour, however, is amply repaid by the knowledge that one is now in a unique position for studying the blood-vessels and nerves; for not only has every fraction of the skeleton and muscles been microscopically explored, but the information obtained is immediately and completely available on reference to the key sections. When the whole work is completed and all the systems have been entered in these sections, I hope to obtain a grant to enable me to publish them as an atlas. As far as I am aware, no animal has been studied throughout in this way before.
Exploring beginning teachers’ attrition in the Netherlands

Based on a review of recent studies and reports, this research investigates attrition among beginning teachers in the Netherlands as well as reasons for teacher attrition, and compares the finding with studies on this topic conducted elsewhere in the world. The findings suggest that attrition among beginning teachers in the Netherlands with a percentage close to 15% is somewhat lower than in countries such as the United Kingdom, United States, and Australia. Yet, causes for attrition are comparable to those reported elsewhere. Interestingly, attrition seemed lower for teachers with a teaching degree, suggesting that teacher education may play a vital role in reducing attrition. In addition, it seems that high-quality coaching and supervision, reducing workload, and organizing a social network for beginning teachers may be important factors in reducing attrition. Finally, there is a need for better registration and monitoring of teacher attrition and for more comprehensive research on this topic.
DETERMINANTS OF PAKISTAN’S BILATERAL TRADE WITH MAJOR TRADING PARTNERS: AN APPLICATION OF HECKSCHER-OHLIN MODEL AND TINBERGEN GRAVITY MODEL

This paper applies Heckscher-Ohlin and gravity model to examine the bilateral trade performance of Pakistan with other selected countries including China, Bangladesh, India, Iran, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Kingdom and United States. The size of economies, Distance, and scale reveal that these nations have great geographical, economic importance. The Study has used panel data on trade with other core variables i.e., land endowment, capital endowment, labor endowment, population scale, GDP distance and Remoteness over the period 2002 to 2019. The results divulge an enormous effect of Bilateral trade in case of Pakistan with other partner countries. ARDL results illustrate that there is significant upshot of remoteness with trade due to having substantial marketing network among these nations. Similarly, GDP distance and land endowment along with capital, labor endowment have also favorable effectiveness on trade and these variables demonstrate positive and significant effect on the volume of trade. While population scale has an adverse effect on the volume of trade. Study concludes that it is necessary to focus more on human capital as well as on physical capital for constructing a large framework globally to enhance the international trade volume. Though the policy of spending more on human capital, by offering incentives to Pakistani people to involve in trade activities as well as focusing more on the free trade agreement between the partner countries can be fruitful for enriching the trade pattern among these nations. model. The empirical results reveal that the bilateral trade is positively correlated with the GDP,
Effectiveness of Student's Critical Thinking Skill with Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Osborn Model and Integration of PBL-Osborn.

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL), Osborn and PBL-Osborn Integration on students' critical thinking skill. This research used posttest only comparison group design with a total sampling technique of 3 classes. Class VIII A using the PBL, class VIII B using the Osborn model and class VIII C using integration of PBL-Osborn models. The data analysis technique used the One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test to determine differences between the experimental classes. The results of the ANOVA test showed significant differences among the three learning models towards students' critical thinking skill in the human digestive system. To find out the class pairs that are significantly different using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The LSD Test results show that class VIII B-VIII C pairs have a significant difference. The class VIII A-VIII B pairs and VIII A-VIII C pairs have no significant differences. Based on the results of the LSD analysis, the conclusion of this research is the integration of PBL-Osborn learning model is more effective than the osborn model.
Evaluating tisagenlecleucel and its potential in the treatment of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma: evidence to date

: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have changed the treatment landscape of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma. This review focuses on the biology of tisagenlecleucel and the clinical data that support its use in this setting. In addition, we discuss how it compares to other CART products, the ﬁ nancial implications for payers, and ongoing trials. neurotoxicity
Health QR Code Application in the Novel Containment Strategy and Healthcare Plan for Pregnant Women and Children Under Quarantine During the Summer Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Chengdu, China: An Observational Study

Purpose: To report the experience of health QR code application in Chengdu’s anti-epidemic measures including circle-layer management, hospital triage system and healthcare plan for quarantined pregnant women and children during the summer outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Delta strain in 2021 and to evaluate these measures. Methods: We comprehensively summarized Chengdu’s health code application in the circle-layer management (a set of stringent confinement measures of places confirmed cases and close contacts have recently been to and less strict quarantine measures of surrounding areas), hospital triage system, and healthcare plan for quarantined pregnant women and children. We also assessed the effectiveness or efficiency of these measures by analyzing the number of different cases with confirmed COVID-19 infections or epidemiological history, the attitude of quarantined pregnant women toward the summer outbreak and healthcare services, as well as the time needed for obtaining epidemiological history and accuracy of health-code-based hospital triage system. Results: The circle-layer management lasted 15 days and ended with no community or nosocomial transmission happened. Approximately 70 pregnant women and 600 children below 6-year-old were quarantined. Four home visits and two patient transfers were performed. Online survey indicated that about 80% of quarantined women felt satisfactory about the healthcare service. The novel triage system identified 137/221 (61.99%) patients with epidemiological history from patients with yellow health code, and 71/4504 (1.57%) patients from patients with green health code in our hospital (p < 0.001). The health QR code markedly outperformed the traditional methods in the efficiency experiment of obtaining epidemiological history (3.52 ± 0.98 vs 78.91 ± 23.18 seconds, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The circle-layer management has successfully and precisely prevented the spread of the summer outbreak of COVID-19 in Chengdu. The health-code-based triage system showed great effectiveness and efficiency in triaging patients with epidemiological history. The healthcare services for quarantined pregnant women has basically met their needs.
The Effective Behavior of Laminated Composite Materials in the Case of Debonded Folds

This paper is devoted to the study the effective behavior of laminated composites whose folds are debonded (but still in contact inter them). The aim is to show that the macroscopic behavior of such structures is a generalized behavior. By using the homogenization theory of periodic media, we show that the macroscopic kinematic is described not only by the usual macroscopic displacement field but also another field describing the sliding of the stiff layers with respect to the soft ones. Accordingly, new homogenized tensors and new coupled equilibrium equations appear.