Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Le contrôle de la schistosome intestinale de l'île de la Martinique

En Martinique, l'existence de la schistosomose intestinale a Schistosoma mansoni est connue depuis le debut du XXe siecle. Une etude generale de la repartition de la maladie realisee en 1977 a montre une prevalence moyenne de l'infection de 12 % pour l'ensemble de l'ile (coprologies et serologies confondues). A la suite de cette enquete, un programme de lutte associant des actions d'education sanitaire, le depistage et le traitement des porteurs de la parasitose et l'amelioration de l'assainissement, a ete mis en place. Par ailleurs, un programme de controle biologique contre le mollusque hote intermediaire Biomphalaria glabrata utilisant un competiteur, Melanoides tuberculata , a ete developpe dans les sites actifs de transmission. En parallele a la reduction des populations de l'hote intermediaire et de son parasite, une importante diminution de la prevalence globale de la parasitose chez l'homme a ete observee entre 1977 et 1996. Desormais, seuls quelques cas sont encore diagnostiques, mais il s'agit uniquement d'adultes contamines longtemps auparavant. Cette situation epidemiologique est tout a fait differente de celle qui est observee dans l'ile sœur de la Guadeloupe ou bien qu'un excellent controle des bassins versants de la Basse-Terre ait ete realise, un important foyer situe en arriere mangrove de la Grande-Terre fonctionne toujours avec un hote reservoir, le rat noir. En Martinique, plusieurs enquetes realisees dans des milieux similaires ont demontre que de tels foyers n'existent pas.
Use of Erythrocyte Measurements to Identify Triploid Salmonids

Triploid landlocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were identified using microspectrophotometry to measure the DNA content of Feulgen-stained erythrocytes. Blood cell sizing by means of a Coulter Counter Channelyzer was a highly effective alternative for screening triploids, comparable with flow cytometry in speed and accuracy. The statistical analysis of various erythrocyte dimensions measured from blood smears was also a valid method for identifying triploids. No mosaic polyploids were found, and the existence of such fish is questioned.
Fire Management for Biodiversity in the European Boreal Forest

Past fire regimes may indicate under what conditions species have been able to exist in the past, but they do not provide clear and easy answers as to how the boreal landscape should be managed today. First, fire regimes have changed considerably over time through the effects of a changing climate, and sometimes even more dramatically through the influence of humans. Therefore it is unlikely that a close quantitative link exists between fire regime and biodiversity. Alternatively, if there is such a link, then biodiversity should have been highly variable in the past, even at the landscape scale. Second, it is impossible to re-enact all fire variables within forestry, particularly those operating at the landscape scale. An alternative to the superficial ''emulation'' of the past, which is so often claimed in today's forest management, would be to identify critical processes and habitats at the stand and landscape scale and find ways to maintain these at sufficient levels. This requires detailed knowledge of the mechanisms involved, and will lead to very different solutions for different groups of species. For example: whereas the highly mobile fire-dependent insects can make use of randomly appearing and relatively small burns in the landscape, fire-dependent plants are typically seed bankers and require that fire returns to the same site within a reasonable time. For these and other more or less ''sessile'' organisms it is vital to designate selected stands and landscapes with long-term plans for the use of fire. Without such a long-term commitment to selected localities, much of the unique features associated with fire in the boreal landscape will be lost, despite a costly investment in prescribed burning.
The Use of Oxygen in the Hatching of Chicken and Turkey Eggs at High Altitudes

Abstract POOR hatches of chicken and turkey eggs have long been recognized as one of the major problems of poultrymen located at high elevations. North (1944) from a survey of hatcheries operating in the high altitude region of the west concludes that “The deficiency of hatchability was correlated with the the altitude and that the deficiency for altitudes from 7,000 to 8,000 feet was about 12 percent fewer chicks and 50 percent fewer poults. ” This deficiency occurs to a smaller degree at elevations below 7,000 feet, and is greatest in eggs produced at low elevations and incubated at high elevations. Ells and Morris (1947) conducted experiments at the Wyoming station on “The Effect of Additional Oxygen upon Chick and Turkey Embryonic Growth and Mortality at High Altitudes. ” Their results indicated that poor hatches at high elevations are due to oxygen starvation, and that hatches could be improved by increasing the oxygen .
Effect of Chinese propolis supplementation on ross broiler chicks: microbial population in fecal matter and litter.

Propolis has been considered a good candidate for health amelioration and disease prevention over a long period of time. Effect of feed supplementation with Chinese ether extract propolis was evaluated for the antibacterial action on (Ross 308) broiler chicks and their litter over 35 days. The addition of different levels of propolis (100, 250 and 750 mg/kg diet) on total aerobic and coliform bacteria as well as Lactobacillus spp. and bifidobacteria were determined. Supplementation of propolis significantly increased (p<0.05) the desired stimulating effect of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria in fecal samples of all treatment groups compared to control group. However, propolis did not have an impact to reduce the total aerobic and coliform bacteria compared to control group in both fecal and litter samples. In conclusion, Chinese propolis improved the beneficial normal gut microflora and had a limited effect on the total aerobic and coliform bacteria in broiler chicks and litter quality.
Morphological variability of the Hermann's tortoise ( Testudo hermanni ) in the Central Balkans

Variation in a number of morphological characters were analysed in five populations of Testudo hermanni from Serbia and Montenegro. Tortoises from Serbia appeared significantly larger than those from Montenegro. An insular population of Montenegro was distinct due to its extremely small body size and mass and dark plastral pigmentation. Although the majority of tortoises had the supracaudal scute divided, many tortoises had the scute undivided. Effects of possible genetic divergence and/or adaptation to different environmental conditions on observed morphological variation were discussed.
Do trees in urban or ornamental plantings receive more damage by insects than trees in natural forests?

Abstract. 1 To determine if trees in urban or ornamental plantings are more susceptible to attack and receive more damage to foliage by herbivores than trees in natural forests, we compared the amount of leaf damage caused by several guilds of insects feeding on seven species of native, broadleaf trees in two geographic locations. 2 Total leaf damage did not differ significantly between urban or ornamental and natural forests, although trees in natural forests tended to have slightly higher levels of leaf damage. 3 Damage caused by chewing insects was consistently higher on trees in natural forests than in urban or ornamental plantings. All other feeding guilds showed no consistent pattern in levels of damage between the two habitats. 4 Total damage levels were highest on canopy trees and lowest on understorey trees. 5 These results are inconsistent with the view that trees in urban or ornamental settings are more susceptible to insect attack than trees in natural forests. 6 The lower level of foliar damage caused by chewing insects on trees in urban or ornamental plantings may arise because of low rates of dispersal by insects into urban environments, higher levels of plant resistance to insect attack in urban or ornamental plantings, or lower survival rates of herbivorous insects in urban environments.
Study of the effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and garlic (Allium sativum) essential oils on the performance of rabbit.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of rose mary or garlic essential oils or their combination on the daily weight gain, feed intake and feed convers ion ratio of young grower rabbits weaned at 23 days of age. Two hundred Pannon White rabbits were used and divided into 4 groups: 1 control and 3 treated groups. Control rabbits were fed standard m e ication-free growers diet supplemented with 1% sunflower oil containing or not the essential oils. Feeds of treatment groups were supplied with 0.025% garlic essential oil (group 2), with 0.15% r osemary essential oil (group 3), and combination of 0.025% garlic essential oil+0.15% rosemary essentia l oil (group 4), respectively. Essential oils were blended in 1% sunflower oil to ensure their homogen eity in feed. Mortality was recorded all over the experimental period. Average body weight and feed i ntake were measured at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 weeks of age and used to calculate daily weight gain and fee conversion ratio. Mortality was very high between the 5 th and 7 weeks of age in all groups (Group 1: 32%, Group 2: 30%, Group 3: 24%, Group 4: 38%). Rosemary oil supplementation showed some beneficial, but not statically significant, effects, as death rate was the lowest in Group 3. C ombined essential oils supplementation had aggravating effect on digestive disorders as compar ed to the 2 single essential oils supplementation. Feed intake was only slightly and not significantly modified by essential oils. Average body weight and daily weight gain were also similar among group s. The lowest daily weight gain was found in the control group (35.9 g/day), while group 2, 3 and 4 showed somewhat higher gain (36.1, 37.8 and 37,1 g/day, respectively), but differences were not sign ificant. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was modified i n the first four weeks of the growing period. Each tr ea ment group (3.95, 3.93, 3.65 kg/kg, respectively ) showed reduced FCR compared to the control (4.10 kg /kg). The effect was significant only in the combined treatment and between 5 and 7 weeks of age , which coincided with digestive problems. Altogether, no beneficial effect on the studied per formance traits was found due to the essential oils supplementation. Digestive disorders of early weane d rabbits were not prevented by the garlic and rosemary essential oils, moreover severity of diarr hoea was increased when these essential oils were combined.
The kinetics of electrical activity of beta cells in response to a "square wave" stimulation with glucose or glibenclamide.

: The effect of a "square wave" stimulation with glucose or glibenclamide on the electrical activity of beta-cells has been studied with microelectrode techniques in isolated perifused mouse islets. While glucose evoked a burst activity with periodic oscillations of the membrane potential between two levels, glibenclamide produced a constant depolarization with a continuous spike activity. In both cases the time course of activity was biphasic and resembled closely the corresponding patterns of insulin release. The effect of glibenclamide on the membrane was irreversible. The results provide further evidence for a direct correlation between insulin release and electrical activity. Furthermore, it is suggested that the membrane potential is, at least in part, involved in the mechanism of biphasic insulin release.
Seed germination and vigor of corn plants submitted to saline stress induced by different salts

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do estresse salino induzido por diferentes potenciais osmoticos das solucoes de NaCl, KCl e CaCl2, na germinacao de sementes e no vigor de plântulas de milho. O trabalho foi constituido por dois experimentos realizados no Laboratorio de Sementes da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados e em casa de vegetacao da Embrapa Agropecuaria Oeste, Dourados-MS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 3 x 6, com quatro repeticoes, sendo o primeiro fator constituido pelos sais e o segundo pelos potenciais osmoticos: 0,0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,8; -1,2 e -1,6MPa. Foram analisadas as variaveis: Experimento 1 - porcentagem de germinacao, comprimento de parte aerea e comprimento da raiz primaria; Experimento 2 - altura final de planta, comprimento radicular, diâmetro de colmo, area foliar, teor de clorofila e massa seca de parte aerea e de raiz. A germinacao nao foi afetada pelo estresse salino. A diminuicao do potencial osmotico nas solucoes de KCl e NaCl, causou decrescimos no comprimento de parte aerea e acrescimos no comprimento da raiz primaria. A condicao de estresse provocada pelos sais proporciona comportamento diferenciado no vigor de plântulas de milho. O efeito salino do NaCl e maior nas caracteristicas altura de planta, comprimento radicular, area foliar e massa seca de raiz.
Researches Regarding the Existence of Phenotypic Correlations between Different Body Measurements in Females from Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog

Romanian Mioritic Shepherd dog was selected from a natural population breed in Carpathian Mountains. The aim of this paper was to estimate the correlation coefficients between 6 characteristics, based on individual values from 23 females from Romanian Mioritic Shepherd dog breed. The animals were registered in the Romanian Mioritic Association Club from Romania. Following the analysis of the obtained phenotypic correlation coefficients, we concluded that between the height at withers and length of the body; height at withers and length of the head; length of the head and length of the skull, the correlations are strongly positive and between the other characters taken into study the correlations are average and weakly positive or weakly negative.
New England Wild Flower Society's Flora Novae Angliae: A Manual for the Identification of Native and Naturalized Higher Vascular Plants of New England

The new Flora Novae-Angliae is a hardcover identification manual covering all tracheophyte (i.e., higher vascular plant) species growing outside of cultivation in the six New England states (CT, MA, ME, NH, RI, VT). It covers about 3500 taxa. This book can be considered nothing less than essential by professional and amateur botanists throughout eastern North America. The publication represents more than ten years of scholarly research by Arthur Haines, and was supported by the New England Wild Flower Society. Organization of the text includes a thoughtful introduction, an 18-page glossary with clear interpretations of obscure terms, a key to all families, and then an arrangement of the material by major phylogenetic groups: Lycophytes (clubmosses and allies), Monilophytes (ferns), Gymnosperms, Magnoliids, Monocots, and Tricolpates. Within each of these groups, the families are arranged alphabetically, not taxonomically, with keys to genera, and within each genus, keys to species and subspecies. Species are listed alphabetically after each key, with common name, synonymy, state distribution (not county, though that might be added to a later edition), origin, habitat, and for some, relative rarity (based on herbarium specimens), discussion of erroneous reports, identification challenges, and citations of relevant papers. A code for native and nonnative is with each taxon. For some groups, keys are offered for different seasonal stages (e.g., Salix, Viola). The alphabetical arrangement reduces need to refer to the index, though that is complete and includes both scientific and common names. I can quickly turn to any genus for which I already know the family. When one is working on an unknown plant, the key to families at the beginning of the book will provide considerable help. Haines recommends (p. xvi) that the Manual should be used with access to a herbarium, that this manual is not intended as a stand-alone RHODORA, Vol. 114, No. 959, pp. 337–340, 2012 E Copyright 2012 by the New England Botanical Club
Studies on the marine planktonic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia. 2. Autecology of P. pseudodelicatissima based on isolates from Danish coastal waters

Abstract The effects of variations in salinity (5, 10, 15, 25, 35‰) and temperature (2, 5, 10, 15, 18, 22, 25°C) on growth, valve morphology, and toxicity were examined in the marine planktonic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima (Hasle) Hasle from Danish waters. Growth rates were salinity and temperature dependent. The salinity optimum for growth at all temperatures was 25‰, and no growth was observed at 5 and 10‰. Growth rates increased up to 25°C (higher temperatures were not tested). With one exception (5°C and 25‰), no growth was observed at 2 and 5°C. The lower temperature limit for growth depended on salinity. Morphological variations were not observed among cultures grown under different salinity and temperature regimes. Domoic acid was detected on a few occasions, but no relation between external parameters and toxin production was apparent.
Validation comparée de 3 modèles de digestion ruminale pour prédire les flux azotés duodénaux microbiens

Summary &mdash; Comparative validation of 3 models of ruminal digestion to predict the duodenal N microbial flow. Three models of ruminal digestion (INRA, Cornell, Baldwin) were validated on a data-base of 80 measurements of duodenal flow in dairy cows. The 3 models enabled the total duodenal flow of proteins to be predicted fairly satisfactorily; however, they were less sensitive to variations in microbial protein flow.
Comportamento do NDVI obtido por sensor ótico ativo em cereais

The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), with an active optical sensor, in wheat, triticale, barley and corn crops. Experiments were conducted in Parana and Sao Paulo, comparing different soil classes, N rates and sources, and wheat varieties. The following variables were determined: NDVI, N foliar content, dry mass and crop yield. Regression analyses were performed between NDVI and applied N rates, N foliar content, dry mass and yield. Correlation analyses among the variables were performed. Wheat, triticale and barley crops showed response to increasing N rates by the increase in the NDVI readings, to N foliar content and to yield. Measured by the used active optical sensor the NDVI shows high potential for N management wheat, triticale and barley crops, and low potential for corn crops. There is interference of wheat varieties in the active optical sensor's readings.
Fruit Analysis as an Indicator of the Iron Status of Nectarine and Kiwi Plant

Tissue analysis research for the diagnosis of iron (Fe) deficiency was carried out in nectarine (Prunus persica var. nucipersica) and kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa), two species susceptible to Fe defi ciency. An experiment was performed during the 2003–04 growing season at Talagante County, Metropolitan Region, Chile, in 8-year-old ‘August Red’ nectarine trees growing on a calcareous soil. Eighty midshoot leaves and 20 fruit per tree were collected from four randomly selected trees each with severe, moderate, or no symptoms of Fe defi ciency on 7 Jan., 1 month before fruit harvest. Leaf color and chlorophyll varied among trees according to their severity of chlorosis, as did fruit pulp Fe but not leaf Fe. Fruit pulp Fe was highly correlated with fruit yield (R2 = 0.73), while leaf Fe was unrelated to yield. A second experiment was carried out in the 2004–05 growing season in two ‘Hayward’ kiwi vineyards located in Chile. At each site, 10 midshoot leaves and eight fruit were collected on 15 Mar., 1 month before harvest from three plants either with or without Fe defi ciency symptoms. As for nectarine, fruit pulp Fe and leaf color but not leaf Fe were indicators of plant chlorosis. Also, fruit pulp Fe was correlated with leaf color and fruit weight. Consequently, fruit pulp appears a promising tissue, probably better than leaf, for diagnosing the Fe status of nectarine and kiwi plants.
LONG TERM EFFECTS OF DEUTERON IRRADIATION OF THE RAT PITUITARY1

An investigation has been made of the long-term effect of low radiationr doses to the rat pituitary using a high energy deuteron beam. The pituitarics were irradiated when the rats were 28 days old. The animals were maintained up to 27 months thereafter. A total of 138 controls and 169 treated rats were studied. Groups varying in size from 7 to 20 rats at each dose of radiation were sacrified at intervals of about 3 months. The endocrine changes became increasingly more prominent with increasing dosage and with time. Within certain dose ranges the same terminal results were obtained, though the lower the close the longer theperiod which elapsed before the maximum effect resulted. The effect of the radiation on pituitary structure was as follows:decrease in size of all lobes; loss of demarcation between lobes; increased connective tissue in surrounding membranes and supporting framework and frequent small hemorrhages. In the anterior lobe the change effected in the shortest time and at the lowest dose was .
Abstract P1-03-02: “Normal” tissue adjacent to breast cancer is not normal

Background: Gene expression data from pancreatic cancer, histologically normal tissue adjacent to the cancer and normal pancreas reveals that adjacent normal has already acquired a number of transcriptional alterations and is not, therefore, an appropriate baseline for comparison with cancers. (Gadaleta et al., 2011) The purpose of this study was to determine if this is also the case for breast cancer and, if so, to identify the differences in gene expression between adjacent normal and normal breast. Methods: RNA-Seq data from breast cancer and adjacent normal was downloaded from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data portal. The epithelia from 20 frozen tissue cores from healthy premenopausal donors to the Susan G. Komen for the the Cure® Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center were microdissected and the RNA isolated. RNA-seqeuncing was carried out using the Life Technologies SOLiD Platform. RPKM gene expression values from TCGA and sequencing of the Komen normal tissues were merged, quantile normalized, and batch effect corrected. Normalization and differential gene expression was performed using Partek Genomics Suite. Results: Principal component analysis (PCA) reveals complete separation between adjacent normal and healthy normal breast tissue. Setting a maximum FDR (false discover rate) of 5%, 2239 genes are differentially expressed between adjacent normal and healthy normal. Ingenuity pathway analysis reveals that the Fos, Jun and TGFbeta pathways are active in the adjacent normal. Conclusions: Tissue adjacent to a primary breast cancer is not normal when using healthy breast tissue as a comparator. As RNA-Seq data is digital, it is possible to quantify the changes in gene expression starting from healthy normal to normal adjacent to tumor to tumor. Increasing and decreasing gene expression values provide clues to the fundamental molecular changes occurring in histologically normal appearing adjacent tissue. The differences in gene expression we have identified are some of the earliest changes in breast carcinogenesis and provide insight into the etiology of this disease and, potentially, its prevention. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-02.