Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Function of Elongation Factor P in Translation

The ribosome translates the genetic information encoded in the mRNA into amino acid sequence of a peptide chain. The catalytic site of the ribosome where peptide bonds are made, the peptidyl transferase center, consists of RNA and usually does not accessory proteins for function. By applying systematic sequence permutations in several in-vitro translation assays we discovered that the ribosome – while proficient in making peptide bonds between most amino acids – is surprisingly slow when synthesizing polyproline and PPG motifs. The combination of poor A- and P-site substrates led to the inhibition of peptide bond formation after incorporation of the second proline into the nascent chain resulting in robust ribosomal stalling. Linear-free-energy relationships (LFER) of peptidyl transfer using different proline analogs as well as the investigation of sequence-context effects in the nascent peptidyl chain revealed that the poor reactivity of peptidyl-Pro-tRNAPro in the P site of the ribosome originates from stereo-electronic properties of proline which induce an unfavorable orientation of the peptidyl-tRNA in the peptidyl transferase center. We showed that the functionally uncharacterized elongation factor P (EF-P) is a specialized translation elongation factor which augments the peptidyl transferase activity of the ribosome by alleviating proline-induced stalling. The identified function of EF-P as facilitator of polyproline synthesis explains the pleiotropic phenotypes observed in EF-P knockout strains in vivo. EF-P catalyzes peptidyl transfer entropically, presumably by positioning of the peptidyl-tRNA, its CCA end and/or the attached amino acid in a more active conformation. In Escherichia coli EF-P is lysylated and hydroxylated at Lys34 a residue that points to the peptidyl transferase center. Kinetically we show that this unique modification is crucial for the catalytic activity of EF-P. Because the modifications are specific for bacteria, these findings may pave the way for the discovery of new antibiotics.
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Plasma-enabled dry methane reforming is a promising technology for biogas upgrade and shows multiple benefits to provide additional energy and material conversion pathways. This chapter first presents the role of nonthermal plasma as a potential energy supply pathway in the low-temperature methane conversion: an appropriated combination of electrical energy provided by plasma (ΔG) and the low-temperature thermal energy (TΔS) satisfies the overall reaction enthalpy (ΔH) with higher energy conversion efficiency. Moreover, plasma-enabled dry methane reforming could be operated at much lower temperature than thermal catalysis with sufficient material conversion. Three kinds of typical packed-bed plasma reactor were introduced to give a better understanding of the application of plasma and catalyst hybrid system. Subsequently, plasma-enabled dry methane reforming was diagnosed by pulsed reaction spectrometry compared with thermal catalysis, presenting a clear overview of gas component changes and significant promotion in reactant conversion and product yield. The interaction between plasma and catalyst was summarized based on two aspects: catalyst affects plasma, and plasma affects catalyst. We discussed the coke formation behavior of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst in the plasma-enabled and thermal dry methane reforming, followed by the oxidation behavior. The interaction between plasma and catalyst pellets was discussed toward deeper insight into the mechanism.
COVID-19 era, Preventive effect of no going out against co-infection of the seasonal influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2

In the situation where expansion of coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19) does not stop, there is concern about co-infection of people with the seasonal influenza infections from late autumn to winter 2020. Therefore, the importance of supplying vaccines against the seasonal influenza has been pointed out all over the world. As an example in Japan, the number of people infected with the seasonal influenza, hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, and pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF), which are the seasonal infectious diseases in the 2020 season, has decreased remarkably compared to the number of people infected each year. It is believed that the significant reduction in the number of people infected with these seasonal infectious diseases is a result of the pervasive hand washing, wearing masks and maintaining social distance in COVID-19 rea. To examine the correlation between the three factors of the number of people with each seasonal infectious disease, the mask wearing rate, and the outing rate, we created a three-dimensional scatter plot based on these three factors using principal component analysis. Our research findings demonstrated preventive effect of no going out against co-infection with the seasonal influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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Carbapenems are usually regarded as the last treatment option for serious infections caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms. Although they are stable to hydrolysis by most β-lactamases, their usage as the last resort antbiotics was seriously compromised by the appearance of carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzymes called carbapenemases. These enzymes are produced mostly by Enterobacteriaceae and Gram-negative nonfermentative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. True carbapenemases belonging to Ambler molecular classes A, B, and D are often encoded by genes embedded in mobile genetic elements like plasmids, integrons, and transposons, which often harbor multiple resistance determinants limiting further the treatment options. At present, large number of nosocomial and community-acquired infections caused by worldwide spread of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria have become a major public health problem. Although polymyxins remain active, in vitro reports of benefits of combination schemes favor this strategy against carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli.
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Impulse oscillometry is a noninvasive procedure that can be performed within few minutes. The purpose of the procedure is to measure the resistance of the small and large airways, as well as the reactants of the airways. It is gradually gaining popularity in evaluating lung function, particularly in patients with asthma and COPD. In contrast to spirometry, the test performs measurement during tidal breathing. In other words, forced exhalation is not required. Other advantages include, but are not limited to, evaluating COPD patients’ reversibility which is rarely noted on spirometry. IOS also is tool for chronic management of patients with asthma and COPD while on treatment. It can evaluate children with asthma even as young as 2 years old. Spirometry requires the child to cooperate and usually is of meaningful use beginning at the age of 5 years old. Other potential applications include early evaluation of transplant rejection, cystic fibrosis, and vocal cord disorder. In this chapter, we will explore the procedure itself, the settings, advantages and disadvantages, and comparative data with spirometry.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

Concrete is the construction material of highest exigency which, in turn, created a huge demand for ordinary Portland cement as a binder. Regrettably, its current production process is highly energy intensive, and at elevated temperature, when Calcination of Limestones takes place, it liberates embodied anthropogenic CO2 polluting the environment. Not only that, but it is also user-hostile and comparatively costly too. Therefore, construction industries looking at concrete research sectors to invent new, environmentallycompassionate durable, sustainable and cheap construction and binding materials instead of present ones. Nowadays, Geopolymer binders and composites are synthesized by activating alkali solution with Silica and Alumina rich pozzolanic material such as Fly ash, have emerged out as a brilliant substitute to conventional binders and composites through the process of Geopolymerization. The objective of the present study is to investigate the performance of Fly ash based geopolymer mortar in whereby there is 100% substitution of cement by Fly ash, i.e., the absolute absence of cement. The present study has examined the mix composition parameters comprise Sodium hydroxide concentration and aggregate to binder ratio, whereas process parameter included curing temperature. Also, the Carbonation tests were conducted along with microstructure investigations viz., X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

This study objectifies to construct a model of propensity towards indebtedness through the application of psychological factors from 172 respondents in Malaysia. A questionnaire which consist of 57 questions was administered. The questionnaire addressed four psychological factors (emotion, risk perception, myopia and overconfidence). The finding indicated negative emotion, high risk perception, myopic, and overconfidence consumers results to high propensity to indebtedness. By using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), all two hypotheses are confirmed with two new ones inserted. Thus, since propensity to indebtedness are often detrimental to consumers’ insolvency, it is appropriate for interested parties to invest time and effort to diagnose the influence psychological factors have on the propensity to indebtedness, hence, this model will prove valuable. This conceptual model provides an insightful foundation for the analysis of multidimensionality of psychological factors on the propensity to indebtedness.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

Majority of loads in use today are power electronics based non-linear devices. Despite being compact and providing low energy consumption these loads generate inherent harmonics. Harmonics have several adverse effects such as interference with the communication lines, incorrect meter readings, increased losses, increased heating of electrical and sensitive electronic equipment. Sophisticated power electronic converter based filters named as Shunt Active Power Filters (SAPF) are widely being employed that provide superior harmonic filtering capabilities. Basic objective of SAPF is to generate or absorb currents that compensate harmonic currents produced by nonlinear loads. These currents should be opposite in phase but have equivalent magnitude as that of harmonic currents. As compared to Diode-Clamped and Flying capacitor multilevel inverters, Cascaded multilevel configuration is employed for many applications due to ease of control and simple structure. In this research paper, power quality in a three-phase threewire system is improved by reducing source side current harmonics produced by a non-linear load. Initially a three-level Cascaded multilevel inverter based SAPF is developed and its performance is analyzed by using advanced Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) controller. DC link capacitor voltage and percentage Total Harmonic Distortion (%THD) in source currents is measured at PCC for balanced loading conditions and results are compared. In this paper, it is also proposed to incorporate multilevel inverter topology concepts by employing Five-Level and Seven-Level Cascaded Multilevel Inverters as VSI circuit for SAPF. Performance of these multilevel Shunt Active power filters is analyzed by ANFIS controller. Instantaneous Active-Reactive power theory is implemented to compute reference compensating currents for all Shunt Active power filter models. Phase Disposition type Pulse Width modulation is chosen for generating gate pulses for VSI circuits of all Cascaded multilevel inverter configurations. Three-level, Five-level and Seven-level Shunt active power filter models are developed and simulated using MATLAB/ Simulink and results are presented.
Effects of salinity on growth and several immune parameters of juvenile cobia,Rachycentron canadum

Cobia(Rachycentron canadum) is a new aquaculture candidate for offshore cage in Taiwan Province and southern coast of China due to its high growth rate.The effects of salinity[(5,10,20,30 and 37 as control)] on growth,serum lysozyme activity,alkaline phosphatase(ALP),alternative complement pathway(ACP) activity and total immunoglobulin(T-Ig) in serum of cobia juvenile were determined on days 7 and 14 after adapting to the final treatment salinity.The results showed that the hightest SGR of 5.77%/d was obtained at salinity 30,and SGR was significantly lower(P0.05) at salinities 5 and 10(4.24%/d and 4.38%/d,respectively). The lysozyme activity,in some extent,increased in low salinity treatments on day 7,with the activity at salinity 20 being significantly higher than those in other treatments.But no significant differences were found among treatments on day 14.Inversely,compared with the control,the ALP activities in low salinity treatments were evidently restrained with a positive correlation to salinity.Juvenile serum ACP activities among treatments were not distinctly different on day 7,but showed significant raise in salinities 5 and 10 treatments on day 14.The T-Ig content in treatment of salinity 10 was higher than those in other treatments throughout the experiment,moreover,significantly higher than those in salinity 30 and the control.The results indicate the cobia juvenile can obtain well-growth at salinity ranging from 20 to 37.Though the juvenile can tolerate hyoposalinity environments as low as 5 for a short period without mortality,such salinity clearly influences its growth rate and induces and results in poor health appearance such as fin erosion,discoloration,hyperirritability,etc.Salinity also effects some immune parameters of cobia juvenile,for instance,rearing at salinities 5 and 10 can increase the serum ACP activity and total Ig content,contrarily restrain the activity of ALP. [Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2007,14(1):120-125]
Drug Resistance and Pathogens in Critically Ill Patients with Pulmonary Infection

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogens distribution and their antibiotic resistance in critically ill patients with pulmonary infection.METHODS Totally 171 isolates from sputa were studied and the drug sensitive test was analyzed in 103 critically ill patients.RESULTS These results showed that 29 G+ bacteria strains occupied 17.0%,there were 15 Staphylococcus aureus strains,11 S.epidermidis strains and 3 Enterococcus strains,respectively.In 107 G-bacteria strains occupied 62.6% were composed Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,Acinetobacter baumannii,Burkholderia cepacia and Klebsiella pneumoniae,and 35 strains were fungi,accounted for 20.5%,the main fungi were Candida albicans and C.tropicalis. The result of drug sensitive test showed that there were high rates of multiple drug resistance in most bacteria strains,but there were different drug resistance rates to different antibiotics.CONCLUSIONS G-bacilli play an important role in the pulmonary infections of these critically ill patients,the opportunistic pathogens,such as S.maltophilia are the main G-pathogens,and there are high percentages of drug resistance.The other bacteria such as S.aureus,K.pneumoniae,etc,have a multidrug resistance.Inspecting pathogens and studying the trend of their drug resistance are very important in reducing drug abuse and decreasing the rate of infection in hospital.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

4788 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: F9044038620/2020©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.F9044. 038620  Abstract: Today’s young generation is tormented by anxiety and stress. A past study shows that, anxiety and stress negatively impact mental and physical health, which ultimately ends up in loss of confidence, self-esteem, and negative performance. This work set guidelines for a replacement approach in neuroscience that only single-channel EEG data has sufficient information for emotion recognition. In this paper, the performance of system is evaluated using subject independent test on the SEED benchmark database using deep learning algorithm namely a bidirectional long short term memory (BiLSTM) classifier. The performance shows that results of single-channel FP1, the combined band (theta, alpha, beta, and gamma) are similar to 62 channels the best accuracy of the beta band. Result obtained for single channel (FP1) using differential entropy (DE) for all band is 74.91% as that of the highest accuracy of the beta band for 62 channels Yang Li, W. Zheng, 2019 74.85%.
Effects of moderate high-temperature stress on photosynthesis in saplings of the three dominant tree species of subtropical forest

Photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured with a photosynthetic measurement system(Li-Cor 6400) and leaf chamber fluorometer(Li-Cor6400 LCF) in leaves of saplings of the sun-adapted species(Schima superba),shade-adapted species(Cryptocarya concinna) and the mesophytic plant(Castanopsis hystrix) during the exposition to moderate high-temperature stress(42℃). The results showed that moderate high-temperature stress led to a decrease in Fv/Fm,namely the primary photochemical quantum efficiency,indicating that moderate high-temperature stress causes a partial inhibition of PSII.It also showed that such an effect was more severe in the shade plant C.concinna than in the sun-adapted species S.superba. Nevertheless,except for the sun-grown leaves of C.concinna, the moderate high-temperature stress increased the photosynthetic rate of leaves at high light intensity.Simultaneously,less photo-inhibition was found to occur under high-light intensity,suggesting that the capacity of resistant-photoinhibition was stimulated by moderate high-temperature stress.The quantum yield of PSII(ΦPSII) decreased in sun-grown leaves of S.superba and C.hystrix,but did not significantly change in leaves of the shade plant C.concinna and shade-grown leaves of sun plant S.superba or the mesophytic plant C.hystrix because they had already a very low ΦPSII under this condition.Moderate high-temperature stress led to a decrease in ΦPSII/ΦCO2 ratios,an estimate of the quantum requirement,in the sun plant S.superba and the mesophytic plant C.hystrix,since they were associated with a lower fraction of excitation energy dissipated.However,no significant changes were found in shade plant C.concinna and in shade-grown leaves of the other examined plants.The effects of moderate high-temperature(42℃) on photosynthesis depends on species and leaf type(sun and shade leaves) of the saplings of subtropical broad-leaf trees.
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Heart transplantation (HTx) is a curative treatment for patients with advanced heart failure (HF); however, since transplant opportunities are severely limited due to donor shortage, the left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has become a standard therapy for patients awaiting HTx. The role of echocardiography as a primary imaging modality to monitor the allograft function in transplant recipients as well as to optimize LVAD settings in LVAD recipients has been expanding. The purpose of this review is to highlight the clinical role of echocardiography in the management of patients under‐ going LVAD implantation and/or HTx. In particular, we overview (1) how to detect LVAD malfunction and device‐associated complication in LVAD recipients and (2) echocardiographic assessments of cardiac allograft rejection in transplant recipients.
J. Bio. & Env. Sci

Review of research findings show higher circulating interleukin 6 in diabetic patients than healthy people. The aim of our work was to study evaluate effects of exercise on serum interleukin 6 and insulin sensitivity in type II diabetic patients. Blood samples were derived from brachial vein before and immediately after YMCA cycling protocol of 16 healthy non-trained adult men with type II diabetic that participated in this study by voluntarily. Blood samples were used for measuring serum interleukin 6 and insulin sensitivity of all patients. We observed an increase in serum interleukin 6 by exercise test when compared to baseline. Glucose concentration was decreased in response to exercise test, while insulin sensitivity did not change. Based on these data, we can conclude that acute exercise test increase serum interleukin 6 and decrease glucose concentration in the absence of changes in insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients. *Corresponding Author: Shahgholiabasi R  roseshahgholi@yahoo.com Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online) Vol. 2, No. 10, p. 40-46, 2012 http://www.innspub. net
Neotypification of the name Crocus biflorus Mill. (Iridaceae) and its consequences in the taxonomy of the genus

Recent phylogenetic investigations on the genus Crocus proved several infra-generic units predominantly within section Nudiscapus to be para- or polyphyletic even at infra-specific level. In particular, the 23 “subspecies” of C. biflorus Mill. turned out to be a polyphyletic assemblage grouping in very different clades and sub-groups. In addition, they were established under the binomial Crocus biflorus , not yet typified. As first step, we neotypified this name. Then, through a phylogeny based on the ETS region of the nuclear ribosomal (nr) DNA as an additional nuclear marker to the already available nrITS region, we further demonstrated that all the “subspecies” represent independent evolutionary lineages. Therefore, all these taxa are treated here at species level. To achieve this, 10 new combinations are proposed.
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Soil fertility and corn productivity is continuously declining due to removal of essential plant nutrients from the soils. The deficiencies of essential plant nutrients, organic matter, and beneficial soil microbes in soils had negative impact on soil fertility, corn productivity, and grower’s income, which has increased the problem of food insecurity under arid and semiarid climates. Best management practices including the proper use of plant nutrients increase (1) soil fertility and health, (2) yield per unit area, and (3) grower’s income (profitability). Our long-term field experiments on maize crop indicated that a significant increase in yield per unit area occurred with the integrated nutrient management (combined use of chemical fertilizers + organic fertilizers + biofertilizers). The integrated use of major plant nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash) along with different organic carbon sources (animal manures and plant residues) plus biofertilizers (beneficial microbes) significantly improves maize growth, yield and yield components, and grower’s income.
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This chapter reviews the analysis of problems of highway and rail bridge dynamic response to moving traffic loads. Bridge vibrations analyses comprise solution of many interdisciplinary problems. During the two last centuries, these problems have been studied by theoretical, numerical and experimental way by many investigators. Therefore, the present chapter contains only the basic approaches for solving the complex problem of bridges subjected to dynamic loading.