Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Income Inequality in a Time Perspective in Indonesia

The development orientation which is more dominant on growth, has been impaled to widen the inequality gap. The purpose of this study is to analyze the short-term and long-term effects of several determinants of income in Indonesia during 1998-2021. Data sourced from the World Bank in a time series format. The study method uses descriptive quantitative analysis with the Error Correction Model approach. The Gini index is used as the dependent variable, while the independent variables include the ratio of the work force graduates above senior high school, urban population growth, the agricultural sector, haunting, and fisheries, and per capita GDP growth. The stationarity test results show that stationarity occurs in the first derivative data. Cointegration test results using the Engle-Granger method show that the model built has cointegration. The results of the long-term regression show that two variables have a significant effect on the Gini index, namely the ratio of the work force graduates above senior high school which has a positive effect, and the urban population growth rate which has a negative effect. In the short term, the ratio of the work force graduates above senior high school contributes significantly to the increase in the Gini index. Meanwhile, other predictor variables have no significant effect on the Gini index in Indonesia. The lack of support from the agricultural sector in pushing the Gini index down, and the positive role of the highly educated work force, reflects the ongoing development process which still seems exclusive.
Health and Clinical Governance: A systematic literature review

This systematic literature review covers the extant literature on health and clinical governance. Using a sample of 103 studies published in 2014-2022, we categorize those papers based on the methods employed, the theoretical framework, the thematology and others. We underline the interdisciplinary of the clinical governance, that mostly examined in developed countries through qualitative methodologies (case studies, surveys and others). Particularly, we give prominence to the need for conducting more research that employs a worldwide sample, quantitative methods that prove empirical evidence on the balance that needs to be achieved on, most of the time, conflicting matters that revolve around clinical and health governance.
Enhanced Th17 responses in the appendix of children with complex compared to simple appendicitis are associated with microbial dysbiosis

Introduction Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal surgery in children. The clinical course of appendicitis ranges from simple to complex appendicitis. The mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of appendicitis in children remain largely unclear. Dysregulated T cell responses play an important role in several inflammatory diseases of the intestine, but the extend of T cell dysregulation in appendicitis in children is less well known. Methods To characterize appendiceal T cells in simple and complex appendicitis we performed in-depth immunophenotyping of appendiceal-derived T cells by flow cytometry and correlated this to appendiceal-derived microbiota analyses of the same patient. Results Appendix samples of twenty children with appendicitis (n = 8 simple, n = 12 complex) were collected. T cells in complex appendicitis displayed an increased differentiated phenotype compared to simple appendicitis, including a loss of both CD27 and CD28 by CD4+ T cells and to a lesser extent by CD8+ T cells. Frequencies of phenotypic tissue-resident memory CD69+CD4+ T cells and CD69+CD8+ T cells were decreased in children with complex compared to simple appendicitis, indicating disruption of local tissue-resident immune responses. In line with the increased differentiated phenotype, cytokine production of in particular IL-17A by CD4+ T cells was increased in children with complex compared to simple appendicitis. Furthermore, frequencies of IL-17A+ CD4+ T cells correlated with a dysregulation of the appendiceal microbiota in children with complex appendicitis. Conclusion In conclusion, disruption of local T cell responses, and enhanced pro-inflammatory Th17 responses correlating to changes in the appendiceal microbiota were observed in children with complex compared to simple appendicitis. Further studies are needed to decipher the role of a dysregulated network of microbiota and Th17 cells in the development of complex appendicitis in children.
Temporal trends of land-use favourability for the strongly declining little bustard: assessing the role of protected areas

The little bustard (Tetrax tetrax) is a steppe bird strongly and negatively influenced by agricultural intensification in Europe. Here, we use the little bustard as a model species to examine how favourability (relative occurrence likelihood of a species based on environmental characteristics, such as habitat availability) varies regionally with degree of protection in north-western Spain. The Natura2000 network is one of the main biodiversity conservation tools of the European Union, aiming to protect areas hosting species of conservation concern from unfavourable land-use changes. The network covers many landscapes across the continent, including farmland. Additionally, we examine the relationship between trends in land-use favourability and little bustard population trends over a decade in the Nature Reserve of Lagunas de Villafáfila, a protected area also in the Natura2000 network where active and intense management focused on steppe bird conservation is carried out. Favourability was much greater in Villafáfila than in both protected areas with lower degree of protection and in non-protected areas. Land-use favourability increased slightly between 2011 and 2020 both in and out of protected areas, whereas little bustard populations declined sharply in that period, even in Villafáfila. Spatial variations in little bustard abundance within Villafáfila depended on social attraction (increasing with the number of neighbouring males) but not significantly on small-scale variations in land-use favourability. These results suggest that land-use management in Natura2000 areas needs to be more conservation-focused, favouring natural and seminatural habitats and traditional farming practices to improve land-use favourability for little bustards and other steppe birds. Additional factors, such as field-level agricultural management or social interaction variables that may cause an Allee effect, should be incorporated in little bustard favourability models to improve their use in conservation planning.
Comparison of Video-Based Learning versus Presentations in Lectures Amongst Medical Students in Pharmacology

Innovative teaching methods are constantly being explored to keep students engaged and challenge them academically. This study was done to compare the benefit of video-based learning methods compared to conventional power-point presentations. A total of 150 second-year medical undergraduate students were divided into two groups. Both groups were given a pre-test to test their baseline knowledge of the topic. One group was taught the mechanisms of action of the drugs by using lectures during presentations and the other group was taught with the help of videos. A post-test was conducted and scores from the two groups were compared. Feedback questionnaires were also administered to understand the students’ perception of the two teaching methods. The mean score in the video-based group was 15.59+2.46 and, in the presentation, group was 11.43+1.53, out of a total score of 20. A majority of 77.33% preferred video-based learning techniques. This study shows that conventional teaching techniques no longer suffice in keeping students engaged and novel approaches yield higher scores with a better learning experience. Similar studies exploring newer approaches in education are scarce. The findings of this study can be a jumping-off point for inculcating more creative teaching methods in the classroom.
Design Space Exploration of DVFS on On-Chip Hybrid Communication Networks

Multi-Processor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoCs) have been established as the standard platform for high-performance applications in the semiconductor industry. With an increasing number of Processing Elements (PEs) in a single die, communication scalability is one of the foremost concerns. Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) has already shown to be an alternative to provide scalability, but relies on homogeneous communication fashion which cannot be ideal to heterogeneous communication demand of current embedded devices. Hybrid communication structures can mitigate such issues by merging different communication structures that can better accommodate heterogeneous communication rates. In this work, an Hybrid Communication Infrastructure is proposed by merging fully- partially- and peer to peer connected fabrics providing a wide range of communication bandwidth. In addition, we coupled to the hybrid fabric, a multi-grained DVFS approach that dynamically adapts voltage and frequency of the structures considering the application's performance needs. Results shows that the Hybrid structure achieves up to 22% power savings and occupied 42% less chip area than a NoC with the same number of PEs. Experiments with relevant video encoding applications show power savings of up to 70% over a homogeneous NoC, with no significant throughput losses, both coupled to the proposed DVFS approach.
Minimally invasive percutaneous elastic plate osteosynthesis as a treatment option for tibial diaphyseal fracture in skeletally immature dogs

Background: Pediatric fractures are relatively common in dogs, and several treatment options exist, particularly for fractures in the distal extremities. Regardless of the choice of treatment, the overall goal is rapid restoration and excellent long-term functional recovery, with minimal discomfort and morbidity during healing. This case series aims to report the long-term outcome after minimally invasive percutaneous elastic plate osteosynthesis (MIPEPO) in the treatment of pediatric tibial fractures in dogs and compare this to other treatment options, where all techniques emphasize biological osteosynthesis. We especially accentuate surgery time, patient comfort level during osteosynthesis, time to clinical union, and complications, including long-term follow-up. Case Description: Medical records of five skeletally immature (juvenile) dogs <6 months old with an isolated tibial diaphyseal fracture or a combination of tibial and fibular diaphyseal fractures, treated with MIPEPO aided by fluoroscopy. All dogs experienced excellent levels of comfort and limb functionality and exhibited preserved muscle mass throughout the healing process. The mean duration until plate removal was 27.6 days, with a standard deviation [(SD) ± 9.61; range of 15–36 days] following the operation. Subsequently, four dogs underwent a follow-up examination approximately 1.5 years after plate removal, during which bilateral orthogonal radiographs of the tibia were obtained. These radiographs revealed minimal discrepancies in terms of limb length, frontal plane alignment, and rotational alignment. Furthermore, the owners expressed complete satisfaction with their dogs’ recovery and restoration of intended function. Conclusion: MIPEPO is quick to perform and well tolerated, with rapid fracture healing in juvenile dogs and excellent long-term outcomes. It can be considered along with external fixators and external coaptation when dealing with juvenile diaphyseal fractures.
Aging in Place for Community-Dwelling Older Adults in India: A Qualitative Exploration of Prospects and Challenges

As global population ages, “Aging in Place” is prioritized as the top aging strategy for many of the older adults worldwide. India, being a nation that is expected to hold the maximum share of the older adult population in the near future, has a huge responsibility vested in it to take care of the needs of older adults. The social structure of the nation has emphasized the importance of older adults to age in place, experiencing all the independence and autonomy at their own dwelling places for as long as possible. This study aims to provide a profound understanding of the meaning, attitude, and perceptions of older adults toward aging in place. Using a qualitative research design, in-depth interviews were conducted among 15 community-dwelling older adults who chose aging in place in Kerala, India. Following the interviews, thematic network analysis was done, inspired by Jennifer Attride-Stirling. Three global themes were derived, which include the older adults’ perspectives on (1) determinants of aging in place, (2) challenges of aging in place, and (3) strategies for successful aging in place. The study evokes in-depth exploration of the experiences of older adults aging in place, which inform future evidence-based practices and policy-level implications.
New genera and species of Melanopli found within the United States (Orthoptera; Acrididae).

In the past few years the Melanopli from North America, north of the Mexican boundary, in the Philadelphia collections have been assembled, sorted to species and given a preliminary examination by the author. In addition, a large part of the historic material bearing on this group, in other American col lections, has very kindly been loaned to us for comparison and study. The time for compilation of the manuscript of this study has arrived, the thousands of specimens being fully arranged and their relationships plotted, but active military service obliges the postponement of this work for an indefinite period. It appears advisable, however, to describe the new species, except those of the genus Melanoplus, which do not need further study to deter mine racial values, which species will later be more elaborately treated in the contemplated study. The sequence of the species here described is according to the revised arrangement of the species from the preliminary studies already completed.1 The final study of the group will probably show some changes in this order, but we do not believe these will be at all drastic. It is clear that Scudder incorrectly grouped many forms. Particular efforts have been made in all the field work by Rehn and Hebard to secure as large and representative series of the group as possible. This has shown that, though we are now in a far better position to treat the species with scientific accuracy, it is highly probable that intensive local field work, particularly at high elevations in the mountains of the West, will reveal addi tional undescribed forms. In the present paper two new genera, ten new species and one new geographic race are described. The series of these new
Thrombocytopenia and Non-Expression of Tn And TF Antigens Define Non-Metastasizing Breast Cancer in Serial Transplants of Dimethyl Benz(A)Anthracene Induced Mammary Tumours in Sprague Dawley Rats

Functional mammary tumours were generated as serial transplants of dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in immunosuppressed Sprague Dawley rats (SD). These serial transplants were evaluated for their cellular behaviour and biomarkers. Breast cancer was induced by 10 mg/kg of 7, 12 dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) in 10 female SD rats. Following tumour development, the primary tumour was passaged into apparently healthy rats for first and second serial transplants. Cellular behaviour and biomarkers of transplants included growth of tumour, haematological indices, expression pattern of Tn and TF antigens and TNF-alpha. An elevation of TNF-α, non-induction of Tn antigen with thrombocytopenia were observed in the serial transplants derived from a malignant tumour induced by 7, 12, DMBA in female Sprague Dawley rats. Furthermore, neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet to lymphocyte ratios were found to be significantly low in animals from the first serial transplant while being significantly high in animals of the second serial transplant group. Results indicate that DMBA-induced mammary tumours in Sprague Dawley rats undergo divergent cellular behaviour and antigenic expressions during serial transplantation.
Studies of proton irradiated H2O + CO2 and H2O + CO ices and analysis of synthesized molecules

Infrared spectra of H2O + CO2 and H2O + CO ices before and after proton irradiation showed that a major reaction in both mixtures was the interconversion of CO2 ⇌ CO. Radiation synthesized organic compounds such as carbonic acid were identified in the H2O + CO2 ice. Different chemical pathways dominate in the H2O + CO ice in which formaldehyde, methanol, ethanol, and methane were identified. Sublimed material was also analyzed using a mass spectrometer. Implications of these results are discussed in reference to comets.
Nanobubbles Water Curcumin Extract Reduces Injury Risks on Drop Jumps in Women: A Pilot Study

Purpose To verify the beneficial effects of Nanobubbles water curcumin extract (NCE) supplementation on health promotion and to demonstrate the application of NCE in reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injury. Methods In the current study, 12 females were randomly assigned to NCE (15g/day) and maltodextrin groups. Performance and related body composition were evaluated at 2 time points—presupplementation (pre-) and after 4 weeks of postsupplementation (post-). The posttest consists of a set of biochemical parameters for antifatigue activity and injury status evaluation. Results NCE group exhibited significantly lower levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglycerides (TG), and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) after a 4-week supplementation, compared with the placebo group. After a 15-minute session on the spinning bike, serum lactate and ammonia levels were decreased and glucose was economized in the NEC group. 4-week-NCE supplementation was also able to reduce the peak vertical ground reaction force (PVGRF) during drop jump. Therefore, the risk of musculoskeletal system in lower extremity could be reduced. Conclusion We demonstrate that 4-week-NCE supplementation can also be used in explosiveness exercise for better physiological adaptation. Thus, NCE has potential for use with nutrient supplements toward a variety of benefits for athletics.
Determining Susceptibility and Potential Mediators of Resistance for the Novel Polymyxin Derivative, SPR206, in Acinetobacter baumannii

With the increase in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) infections, there has been a resurgence in the use of polymyxins, specifically colistin (COL). Since the reintroduction of COL-based regimens in treating CRAB infections, several COL-resistant A. baumannii isolates have been identified, with the mechanism of resistance heavily linked with the loss of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer of the bacterial outer membrane through mutations in lpxACD genes or the pmrCAB operon. SPR206, a novel polymyxin derivative, has exhibited robust activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii. However, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding its efficacy in comparison with other A. baumannii-active therapeutics and whether traditional polymyxin (COL) mediators of A. baumannii resistance also translate to reduced SPR206 activity. Here, we conducted susceptibility testing using broth microdilution on 30 A. baumannii isolates (17 COL-resistant and 27 CRAB), selected 14 COL-resistant isolates for genomic sequencing analysis, and performed time-kill analyses on four COL-resistant isolates. In susceptibility testing, SPR206 demonstrated a lower range of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) compared with COL, with a four-fold difference observed in MIC50 values. Mutations in lpxACD and/or pmrA and pmrB genes were detected in each of the 14 COL-resistant isolates; however, SPR206 maintained MICs ≤ 2 mg/L for 9/14 (64%) of the isolates. Finally, SPR206-based combination regimens exhibited increased synergistic and bactericidal activity compared with COL-based combination regimens irrespective of the multiple resistance genes detected. The results of this study highlight the potential utility of SPR206 in the treatment of COL-resistant A. baumannii infections.
Reaction of sweet corn genotypes to bacterial stalk rot

Bacterial stem rot, caused by Dickeya zeae, is among the main bacterial diseases of sweet corn, and finding sources of resistance is important. The objective was to evaluate the reaction of sweet corn genotypes to Dickeya zeae. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Uberlândia, in an 11 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications and in a randomized block design. The treatments consisted of 10 sweet corn genotypes (L2P1, L2P11, L2P33, L2P37, L2P45, L3P27, L4P19, L5P3, L5P18, L5P42), belonging to the Plant Germplasm Bank of UFU, Campus Monte Carmelo, a common commercial hybrid susceptible to Dickeya zeae (AS1633), and two D. zeae isolates (UFU J23 and UFU H113). At 45 days after planting, inoculation was performed using the syringe method. Evaluations were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 days after inoculation, observing the size of the lesion. In addition, the incubation period, disease severity and area under the disease progress curve were determined. Analysis of variance was performed and means were compared using the Scott-Knott test. The onset of the disease occurred between 96 and 204 hours after inoculation. The L2P33 and L2P37 genotypes showed high values ​​of area under the disease progress curve and disease severity, regardless of the isolate. The genotypes were classified as moderately susceptible, with emphasis on the L2P11 genotype.
EFL Libyan Teachers' Perceptions of Implementing Task Based Approach into their Teaching.

This study investigates the perceptions of Libyan English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers regarding the implementation of a Task-Based Approach (TBA) in their teaching practices. The Task-Based Approach is recognized as an innovative and student-centred pedagogical method that emphasizes communication and real-life language use. This research aims to understand how Libyan EFL teachers perceive the integration of (TBA) into their classrooms, the challenges they encounter, and the benefits they identify. The study employs both quantitative and qualitative research design, utilizing interviews and questionnaire to gather data from a sample of EFL teachers in Libyan educational settings. The findings highlight the teachers' attitudes towards TBA, their perceived effectiveness of the approach in enhancing students' language proficiency and motivation, as well as the obstacles they face in its implementation. The results provide insights into the cultural and contextual factors that influence the adaptation of (TBA) in the Libyan EFL context and offer implications for professional development and curriculum enhancement.
The state of the brown bear population on the territory of hunting grounds in Slovakia - the transboundary area corresponding with Poland and Ukraine (Eastern Carpathians)

In this study we analyse the data of bear distribution on the basis of the data from spring game stock reports (2002–2010). We recorded: I) the stability of distribution and density of bear population decreased in relation to decreasing altitude, II) stabilization of the bear population in the transboundary area corresponding with Poland of the study area in 2002–2010, III) the present state of bear distribution is comparable to the area of the villages with symbol of brown bear in administrative seals 150 years ago. We can predicted that spatial analysis of the data from the spring game stock may be helpful in determining the status of the population.