Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linear Spatial Interpolation and Analysis of Annual Average Daily Traffic Data

AbstractTransportation planning requires the use of accurate traffic data to produce estimates of traffic volume predictions over time and space. The annual average daily traffic (AADT) data is an important component of transportation design, operation, policy analysis, and planning. The use of traffic volume forecasting models for the characterization, analysis, and estimation of transportation data has proven to be a useful method for reducing high costs, overcoming spatial constraints, and limiting the errors associated with data collection and analysis in transportation planning. The geostatistical kriging technique is a viable method for modeling and forecasting AADT. The degree to which the technique of kriging can be useful in forecasting AADT depends highly on an understanding of the decision-making variables, the relationship between the variables, and the practical limitations of the various kriging techniques and variogram models. This paper applied three different linear kriging techniques [si.
The impact of logistics resources on the performance of Malaysian logistics service providers

This paper identifies, conceptualises and measures the extent of logistics resources acquired by Malaysian logistics service providers (LSPs) and further examines the impact of such logistics resources on logistics performance in terms of customer service innovation and cost leadership. Based on data from interviews and a survey of 123 LSPs in Malaysia, this paper uses factor analyses to establish five components of logistics resources and capabilities – technology, physical, management expertise, relational and organisational resources. Further regression analyses suggest that each logistics resource is positively associated with both customer service innovation and cost leadership, and some of these resources are bundled together to enhance the two performances. The paper contributes to the development of constructs and measurements for logistics resources from LSPs’ perspective and provides theory-driven empirical evidences to explain the performance of LSPs.
Calculation of antenna mutual coupling from radiated far fields

Mutual coupling between a pair of identical array elements is calculated from the radiated far field. The mutual coupling is found by using the reaction theorem applied to a single element. Different reaction surfaces are considered and results are compared to the conventional near and far field aperture surface integration technique. Results of the far field reaction technique are given for both a Hertzian dipole and waveguide aperture model. The results clearly show increased accuracy when compared with conventional aperture surface calculations using far fields. The method is believed to provide a quick and easy estimate of the mutual coupling from the measured far field data of a single array element. The technique is intended to be used as a development tool for the design of phased array elements with low mutual coupling.
High luminous flux semiconductor wafer-bonded AlGaInP/GaP large-area emitters

Data are presented demonstrating the high luminous flux operation of large-area light-emitting diodes (LEDs) fabricated by semiconductor wafer bonding. These LEDs operating in the 600-615 nm region are shown to be capable of emitting luminous fluxes (output powers) of 84 lumen (265 mW) and 195 lumen (475 mW) under DC and pulsed operation, respectively. >
Vehicle fuel consumption and emission modelling: an in-depth literature review

Modelling of vehicle fuel consumption and emissions has emerged as an effective tool to help develop and assess vehicle technologies and to help predict vehicle fuel consumption and emissions. A review to identify the current state-of-the-art on vehicle fuel consumption and emissions modelling is elucidated. This review categorises vehicle fuel consumption and emissions models into five classifications. The relevant main models to each of these classifications are presented. These models are then compared with regard to assumptions, limitations, merits, drawbacks, characteristic parameters, data collection techniques, accuracy, and relevance to road traffic. The study demonstrates that the trends of vehicle fuel consumption and emissions provided by current models generally do satisfactorily replicate field data trends. In addition, the paper demonstrates that mesoscopic models, empirical models, mean value-based models, and quasi dimensional models strike a balance between accuracy and simplicity and thus are very suitable for transportation and control applications. The study shows as well that no one model as yet fully meets the needs of transportation applications.
Online Tracking via Stabilizer and Attractor

In this paper, we propose a novel, online, long-term tracking algorithm to track objects that possess fairly regular motion. Our tracker contains two terms: stabilizer and attractor. The stabilizer narrows the candidate location of an object at the next frame in a sequence by employing the Kalman filter, which enhances the speed of our tracker and brings stability. The attractor is an inner template of an object consisting of Harris corner pairs. By excluding distractors with a different inner template, our tracker is discriminative and accurate. Experiments on several benchmark sequences show our competitive performance.
Field behaviour of stiffened deep cement mixing piles

Full-scale pile load tests were performed on soft Bangkok clay improved by stiffened deep cement mixing (SDCM) piles and deep cement mixing (DCM) piles installed by jet-mixing to compare their performance. The SDCM pile is a DCM pile with a precast reinforced concrete core pile inserted in the middle. A series of full-scale tests consisting of axial compression, lateral and pullout interface between the concrete core pile and surrounding DCM material were performed. The length of the concrete core pile influenced both the ultimate axial bearing capacity and the settlement of the SDCM piles more than its section area. Furthermore, the section area of the concrete core pile affected both the lateral ultimate bearing capacity and the lateral displacements of SDCM piles significantly. Moreover, the SDCM piles with area ratio (Acore/ADCM) of 0·17 and length ratio (Lcore/LDCM) of 0·85 increased the axial and lateral ultimate bearing capacities so that they were as much as 2·2 and 15 times higher than the corres.
CH4/Air Mesocombustor at 3 Bar: Numerical Simulation and Experiments

Improvements in understanding how to design future mesocombustors, currently under rapid development in particular for propulsion, e.g., for UAVs, and as meso-electrical power generators, are mandatory. In view of this scenario and, to advances previous analysis carried out at ambient pressure by the authors, the numerical and experimental investigation of a 254 mm3 swirling cylindrical mesocombustor, fed by methane/air at an equivalence ratio =0.7 and at 3 bar, has been performed. The combustion pressure has been chosen based on the values quoted in literature for centimeter sized gas turbine.Exhaust gas temperature and composition have been measured for several mass flow rates. A reduction in chemical efficiency is observed by increasing the input thermal power (i.e. the total mass flow rate) at fixed equivalence ratio due to the shorter gas residence time.The operative condition corresponding to high efficiency and smaller mass flow rate has been numerically investigated adopting the RANS k-ε approach, with finite rate chemistry kinetic mechanism (GRIMech 1.2, 32 species and 177 reactions) and the EDC turbulence-combustion coupling model.Gas temperature at the exhaust section and chemicalefficiency are predicted and compared with the corresponding experiment.Numerical and experimental results show to be in fair agreement, and the predicted chemical efficiency differs from the measured value of about 1 %. Despite the small size of the meso-combustor, it is possible to achieve a relatively high combustion efficiency, making it suitable for miniaturized power generation devices.The relatively high chemical efficiency is due to the relatively long average gas residence time and to a wide recirculation zone that provide heat and radicals to the flame, coupled with the fairly good mixing due to swirl motion and the impinging air/fuel jets.
The Three Ts of Pathogen Evolution During Zoonotic Emergence

There is increasing interest in the role that evolution may play in current and future pandemics, but there is often also considerable confusion about the actual evolutionary predictions. This may be, in part, due to a historical separation of evolutionary and medical fields, but there is a large, somewhat nuanced body of evidence-supported theory on the evolution of infectious disease. In this review, we synthesize this evolutionary theory in order to provide framework for clearer understanding of the key principles. Specifically, we discuss the selection acting on zoonotic pathogens’ transmission rates and virulence at spillover and during emergence. We explain how the direction and strength of selection during epidemics of emerging zoonotic disease can be understood by a three Ts framework: trade-offs, transmission, and time scales. Virulence and transmission rate may trade-off, but transmission rate is likely to be favored by selection early in emergence, particularly if maladapted zoonotic pathogens have ‘no-cost’ transmission rate improving mutations available to them. Additionally, the optimal virulence and transmission rates can shift with the time scale of the epidemic. Predicting pathogen evolution therefore depends on understanding both the trade-offs of transmission-improving mutations and the time scales of selection.
Developing and validating a measurement instrument of ISO 9001 effectiveness in food manufacturing SMEs

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an instrument that measures the effectiveness of the ISO 9001 Quality Management System (QMS), based on its components, meaning the ISO 9001 objectives; and to validate this instrument in the food manufacturing sector.Design/methodology/approach – Bearing in mind the definition of “ISO 9001 effectiveness”, the ISO 9001 objectives and their indicators are identified in the literature. Based on these indicators, a measurement instrument is developed and then empirically validated through collecting preliminary data from 335 Greek food manufacturing small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). After testing the assumptions of multivariate analysis, exploratory factor analysis as well as first and second order confirmatory factor analysis are applied.Findings – The data collected reveal, as identified in the literature, the three‐dimensional nature of the ISO 9001 objectives (continuous improvement, prevention of nonconformities and customer satisfaction focus).
Storm-Water Bioinfiltration as No-Irrigation Landscaping Alternative in Semiarid Climates

AbstractIn semiarid cold desert climates, bioinfiltration gardens as green infrastructure storm-water management facilities show promise to serve as both on-site storm-water management and no-irrigation landscaping. Both services must be demonstrated for bioinfiltration to be considered green infrastructure, because most urban centers in cold desert climates in the western United States (e.g., Salt Lake City, Utah; Boise, Idaho; and Denver, Colorado) must import water from the Colorado River for landscape irrigation, radically changing local and regional hydrology. To verify that storm-water runoff can sustain properly selected plants, we installed soil moisture sensors in a bioinfiltration garden in a cold desert climate with a contributing impervious area to garden area ratio of 1∶1 and monitored soil water for one summer. In spite of the small contributing impervious area, we found that the minimum soil water potential (ψ) observed was −2.5 mPa. Plants native to cold desert climates often do not show .
Predictive Capability of Existing Confinement Models for FRCM Composites Confined Concrete

Concrete confinement by the means of external fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) jacketing has been proved to be an effective method to increase the compressive strength and ductility, as well as mitigating deterioration due to aging, chemical attacks, overloading, and seismic activity. Concerns about the organic matrices used in FRP resulted in the development of fiber-reinforced cementitious mortar (FRCM) as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative system, used to repair reinforced concrete beams in shear and flexure, or in column confinement. Several theoretical models have been proposed for FRCM confined concrete elements, based on limited laboratory tests. In this study, the predictive capability of four design models has been tested by comparing their predictions for confined concrete compressive strength ( f cc ) and ultimate axial strain ( ε cc ) with a large experimental database of 137 samples found in the literature. The model developed by Ombres and Mazzuca [6] provided the highest calibrations with test data, although it still needs further improvements to include the effects of key geometric and material variables. Further efforts should be made to improve the performance of the design models and provide an accurate theoretical confinement model for FRCM-wrapped columns, for design and evaluation purposes.
Wear-Resistance of Apparel Textiles, I

Portion of a research program on the Wear Resistance of Apparel Textiles, sponsored by the Office of The Quartermaster General and the National Research Council, and conducted by the Textile Division of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, and the Fabric Research Laboratories, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts. Part II, "Laboratory Evaluation of Military Fabrics and Correlation with Com bat Course Tests," will appear in a later issue.
Experimental comparison of the performance of two reverse osmosis desalination units equipped with different energy recovery devices

AbstractSea water reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination constitutes a successful technology for covering local fresh water supply shortage in many areas of the world and especially in isolated areas such as islands and coastal regions. SWRO units can be combined with renewable energy (RE) technologies such as photovoltaic and wind generators. Small-scale SWRO units combined with energy recovery devices can decrease drastically the energy consumption of the SWRO units. Furthermore, it is proven that the operation of a desalination unit in part-load conditions can result in lower specific energy consumption compared to continuous full-load operation. This paper presents an experimental comparison between two small-scale SWRO units equipped with different energy recovery devices in order to lower the specific energy consumption. The first SWRO unit consists of a hydraulic energy recovery device of the Clark pump type which plays also the role of the high-pressure pump in a conventional reverse osmosis unit. Th.
Excavation of a shell midden site at Carding Mill Bay near Oban, Scotland

Summary Rescue excavation of a shell midden was undertaken after its discovery during construction work. The site showed evidence of disturbance prior to excavation but it clearly consisted of two main elements, a shell midden containing ‘Obanian’ artefacts and, at the top of this, a fragmentary second millennium cist burial. The main significance of the site lies in the late date it provided for the ‘Obanian’ material. The site was excavated by the Lorn Archaeological Society and the post-excavation work was funded and organised by Historic Scotland.
A Machine Learning Framework for Assessing Seismic Hazard Safety of Reinforced Concrete Buildings

Although averting a seismic disturbance and its physical, social, and economic disruption is practically impossible, using the advancements in computational science and numerical modeling shall equip humanity to predict its severity, understand the outcomes, and equip for post-disaster management. Many buildings exist amidst the developed metropolitan areas, which are senile and still in service. These buildings were also designed before establishing national seismic codes or without the introduction of construction regulations. In that case, risk reduction is significant for developing alternatives and designing suitable models to enhance the existing structure’s performance. Such models will be able to classify risks and casualties related to possible earthquakes through emergency preparation. Thus, it is crucial to recognize structures that are susceptible to earthquake vibrations and need to be prioritized for retrofitting. However, each building’s behavior under seismic actions cannot be studied through performing structural analysis, as it might be unrealistic because of the rigorous computations, long period, and substantial expenditure. Therefore, it calls for a simple, reliable, and accurate process known as Rapid Visual Screening (RVS), which serves as a primary screening platform, including an optimum number of seismic parameters and predetermined performance damage conditions for structures. In this study, the damage classification technique was studied, and the efficacy of the Machine Learning (ML) method in damage prediction via a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model was explored. The ML model is trained and tested separately on damage data from four different earthquakes, namely Ecuador, Haiti, Nepal, and South Korea. Each dataset consists of varying numbers of input data and eight performance modifiers. Based on the study and the results, the ML model using SVM classifies the given input data into the belonging classes and accomplishes the performance on hazard safety evaluation of buildings.
Utilization of Carpet Waste in Reinforcement of Substandard Soils

In the UK, 400 million tonnes of waste are generated each year. A considerable amount of this waste is attributed to construction and demolition wastes that are destined for landfill sites. Textiles, including carpet waste, on the other hand, account for only 2% of all wastes by weight but because of their high volume-to-weight ratio, once dumped into landfills they occupy large spaces. Besides, given the high added values of carpets, carpet waste account for almost £70 million of lost revenue per year in the UK. Increasing public concern for the environment and higher taxations imposed on landfill dumping are forcing manufacturers of various disciplines to seriously reduce their waste and/or find new applications for their inevitable waste. This article reports on one such application where carpet fibrous waste is included in clayey or substandard soils with the intention of enhancing soil cohesion and reinforcement. The findings suggest that inclusion of as much as 10% fibers can be tolerated and would enhance internal cohesion, shear and comprehensive strength as well as load-bearing capacity of this kind of soils. Soil moisture content is also reported to play an important role in enhancing cohesion and compressive strength of such combinations.
A Simulation Comparison between Junctionless and Inversion-Mode MuGFETs

The devices were simulated using the Atlas 3D software. Both JNTs and pi-gate MuGFETs have a gate length of 25nm and an EOT of 1nm. In all devices the gate material workfunction is chosen such that the off drain current at VD=1V and VG=0V is equal to 100 nA/um. A pitch equal to 2×WSi is considered for all devices. Thus if WSi=10nm, the off current in an individual nanowire is equal to 100nA/um×20nm=2nA. The current drive of JNTs is similar to that of the IM MuGFET. It is quite dependent on the underlap with highdoping (10cm) S&D regions (Fig 1). In lightly-doped JNTs (10cm) an accumulation layer may be formed at VD=1V. In JNTs with higher doping concentrations, the current is purely a bulk current (Fig. 2).
Refrigerant Distribution in Minichannel Evaporator Manifolds

The effects of geometry and operating conditions on the distribution of refrigerant R-410A in heat exchangers with horizontal manifolds and vertically oriented minichannels were experimentally investigated to provide the essential design information for the minichannel evaporators. Flow visualization in the horizontal manifold showed that the flow patterns of the two-phase refrigerant before and after the liquid-vapor transition are in stratified flow for the end-inlet location and in bubbly and stratified flows for the side-inlet location. Test results showed that the normalized standard deviation of the liquid mass flow rate, which indicates the degree of maldistribution, changes from 0.088 to 0.263 with manifold inlet location changes, from 0.034 to 0.141 with manifold inlet mass flow rate changes, from 0.037 to 0.082 with tube number changes, and from 0.027 to 0.055 with tube pitch changes. The normalized standard deviation of the liquid mass flow rates showed that the liquid refrigerant flow distribution is strongly affected by the manifold inlet location and the manifold inlet mass flow rate but is primarily independent of tube pitch. The side-inlet location showed a better liquid refrigerant flow distribution than the end-inlet location by more effectively mixing of the liquid and the vapor refrigerant from the inlet. Therefore, the side-inlet location is preferred to the end-inlet location.
Assessing key dimensions to effective innovation implementation in interorganizational project teams: an Integrated Project Delivery case

This research examines the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry's use of the contractually followed Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) format as an administrative innovation to reduce inefficiencies and fragmentation in ventures involving multiple agents and contractors. A promising integrative theoretical framework, developed by Klein and Sorra [The challenge of innovation implementation. Academy of Management Review, 21, 1055–80], emphasizes two constructs in the successful implementation of innovative organizational processes: climate and value-fit. This paper presents an IPD case study via the lens of Klein and Sorra's model to: test the model's fit to interorganizational AEC project teams; bring insights to effective implementation of IPD as an innovation; and expand our understanding of administrative innovations' implementation. The case study provided a unique opportunity to this research as five months into the project, the owner decided to give up IPD and revert to a more fam.
La sostenibilidad en la arquitectura industrializada: cerrando el ciclo de los materiales

The condition of sustainability, from a physical point of view, can be defined as the closure of the material cycle. This is reached in determined systems, in the absence of residual flows, and in which resources are constantly recycled. Such systems can encounter serious obstacles in the productive model that characterises the majority of contemporary industry. The productive model, born during the Industrial Revolution, can be summarised by the following lineal sequence: extraction > manufacture > use > residue. In contrast, this research focuses on a productive model from the ecological industry, based on the example of the biosphere as a recycling machine. Requiring the elimination of the concept of residues, the system can be summarised by the following continuous cycle: recycling-manufacturing-use-recycling. The hypothesis posed is as follows: using technology presently available, represented by the lightweight modular construction that is commercialised by renting (making it possible to return the modules to the factory once their useful life is over, therefore recuperating resources), a management system capable to close the material cycle at least to 90% can be developed. (conventional building construction currently manages a recycling value of 10% of used resources).