Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

BackgroundAlthough breast cancer has a markedly higher incidence in developed countries, 50% of the new diagnosis and 70% of deaths occur in developing countries. There are limited data available on the quality of life among breast cancer patients in Ethiopia, notably in the Amhara region. This study aimed to assess the quality of life and associated factors among patients with breast cancer in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2019.MethodsInstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 25 to July 7/2019 among 256 patients with breast cancer in the Amhara region. A systematic random sampling technique was used. Data were collected by using a standardized interviewer-administered Amharic version of the European Organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30(EORTC QLQ C30) and breast cancer supplementary measure (QLQ-BR23). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify the associated factors. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to measure the strength of association.ResultsSixty-eight point four percent (68.4%) of breast cancer patient's QoL was poor. The mean score of quality of life was 70.6(standard deviation (SD) ±13.9; 95% CI: 69.0-72.4). All functional component scores were less than 75, from the symptom scale; diarrhea (11.6), constipation (17.5), and dyspnea (24.7) were less noticeable. Unmarried patients (AOR=2.59, 95% CI: 1.32-5.07), poor (AOR=2.39, 95%CI: 1.32-5.03), non housewife (AOR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.16-7.22), and complaints to dyspnea (AOR=3.48, 95% CI: 1.79-6.79), and insomnia (AOR=2.03, 95% CI: 1.05-3.91) were significantly associated with quality of life.ConclusionsHealth care professionals should give attention to unmarried, and non-housewife breast cancer patients, besides the treatment to improve the health of breast cancer patients.
Developments in the treatment of hemophilia B: focus on emerging gene therapy

Hemophilia B is a genetic disorder that is characterized by a deficiency of clotting factor IX (FIX) and excessive bleeding. Advanced understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease has led to the development of improved treatment strategies that aim to minimize the acute and long-term complications of the disease. Patients with hemophilia B are ideal candidates for gene therapy, mostly because a small increase in protein production can lead to significantly decreased bleeding diathesis. Although human clotting FIX was cloned and sequenced over 30 years ago, progress toward achieving real success in human clinical trials has been slow, with long-term, therapeutically relevant gene expression only achieved in one trial published in 2011. The history of this extensive research effort has revealed the importance of the interactions between gene therapy vectors and multiple arms of the host immune system at multiple stages of the transduction process. Different viral vector systems each have unique properties that influence their ability to deliver genes to different tissues, and the data generated in several clinical trials testing different vectors for hemophilia have guided our understanding toward development of optimal configurations for treating hemophilia B. The recent clinical success implementing a novel adeno-associated virus vector demonstrated sufficient FIX expression in patients to convert a severe hemophilia phenotype to mild, an achievement which has the potential to profoundly alter the impact of this disease on human society. Continued research should lead to vector designs that result in higher FIX activity at lower vector doses and with reduced host immune responses to the vector and the transgene product.
Inverse Optimal and Asymptotically Stable Adaptive Consensus Control of Multi-Agent Systems Based on H∞ Control Criterion

Design methods of asymptotically stable adaptive consensus control of multi-agent systems composed of the first-order and the second-order regression models are presented based on inverse optimal control criterion. The proposed control schemes are derived as solutions of certain H∞ control problems, where estimation errors of tuning parameters are regarded as external disturbances to the process. The resulting control systems are robust to uncertain system parameters and the desirable consensus tracking is achieved asymptotically via adaptation schemes and L2-gain design parameters together with an introduction of a generating model of a leader.
Hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension

Hepatic resection (HR) in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal hypertension (PHT) is not recommended, according to international guidelines. The aim of the present study was to determine the outcome of HR for HCC in cirrhotic patients with PHT.
Thematization of derivative schema in university students: nuances in constructing relations between a function's successive derivatives

ABSTRACT This study is part of a more extensive research project that addresses the understanding of the derivative concept in university students with prior instruction in differential calculus. In particular, we focus on the analysis of students’ responses to a sequence of tasks that require a high level of understanding of the concept, and complement this information with clinical interviews. APOS (Action-Process-Object-Schema) theory and the configuration of the derivative concept that is characterized by: mathematical elements, logical relations and the representation modes that students use to solve a task were used in the analysis of students’ responses. The results obtained suggest that thematizing the derivative schema is difficult to achieve. In addition, nuances were observed in responses given by those students who succeeded, indicating differences in the construction of relations between the successive derivatives of a function.
Determinants of Customer Satisfaction in the Telecommunication Industry in Ghana: A Study of MTN Ghana Limited

The study examined the determinants of customer satisfaction in MTN Ghana Limited. The variables of concern were customer expectation, relationship quality, perceived value, perceived quality, and customer loyalty. The American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) model was adapted as the main framework for analyzing customer satisfaction. Data for the study came from a systematic random sample of 377 MTN mobile subscribers, employing questionnaires. Two managers of the mobile network were interviewed on issues related to their CRM systems. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between customer expectation, relationship quality, perceived value, perceived (product/service) quality, customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction. The results of the multiple regression indicated that significant positive relationship existed between customer satisfaction and perceived (product/service) quality, relationship quality, and customer loyalty, but not for other variables such as customer expectation, customer complaint, and perceived value. The implications are that MTN Ghana should consider the perceptions of customers on product/service quality, the level of relationship quality and loyalty when managing relationships with customers. The company should put measures in place to build and maintain quality relationships with customers, and also improve the quality of products and services offered to customers. Again, there is the need for management to bridge the gap in their perception of relationship quality and that of customers.
A local global theorem for extended ideals

We establish a relative version of Quillen's famous Local Global Principle for the elementary linear, symplectic and orthogonal groups acting on a unimodular row. Using this we deduce a symplectic analogue of a theorem of W. van der Kallen's Excision theorem for the action of the relative elementary linear group on the set of all relative unimodular rows.
The wind of W Hydrae as seen by Herschel II. The molecular envelope of W Hydrae ⋆

Context. The evolution of low-and intermediate-mass stars on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) is mainly controlled by the rate at which these stars lose mass in a stellar wind. Understanding the driving mechanism and strength of the stellar winds of AGB stars and the processes enriching their surfaces with products of nucleosynthesis are paramount to constraining AGB evolution and predicting the chemical evolution of galaxies. Aims. In a previous paper we have constrained the structure of the outﬂowing envelope of W Hya using spectral lines of the 12 CO molecule. Here we broaden this study by including an extensive set of H 2 O and 28 SiO lines. It is the ﬁrst time such a comprehensive study is performed for this source. The oxygen isotopic ratios and the 28 SiO abundance proﬁle can be connected to the initial stellar mass and to crucial aspects of dust formation at the base of the stellar wind, respectively. Methods. We model the molecular emission observed by the three instruments on board Herschel Space Observatory using a state-of-the-art molecular excitation and radiative transfer code. We also account for the dust radiation ﬁeld in our calculations. Results. We ﬁnd an H 2 O ortho-to-para ratio of 2.5 + 2 . 5 − 1 . 0 , consistent with what is expected for an AGB wind. The O 16 / O 17 ratio indicates that W Hya has an initial mass of about 1.5 M ⊙ . Although the ortho-and para-H 2 O lines observed by HIFI appear to trace gas of slightly di ﬀ erent physical properties, we ﬁnd that a turbulence velocity of 0 . 7 ± 0 . 1 km s − 1 ﬁts the HIFI lines of both spin isomers and those of 28 SiO well. Conclusions. The modelling of H 2 O and 28 SiO conﬁrms the properties of the envelope model of W Hya, as derived from 12 CO lines, and allows us to constrain the turbulence velocity. The ortho-and para-H 16 2 O and 28 SiO abundances relative to H 2 are (6 + 3 − 2 ) × 10 − 4 , (3 + 2 − 1 ) × 10 − 4 , and (3 . 3 ± 0 . 8) × 10 − 5 , respectively, in agreement with expectations for oxygen-rich AGB outﬂows. Assuming a solar silicon-to-carbon ratio, the 28 SiO line emission model is consistent with about one-third of the silicon atoms being locked up in dust particles.
Structural Parameters and Possible Association of the Ultra-faint Dwarfs Pegasus III and Pisces II from Deep Hubble Space Telescope Photometry

We present deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry of the ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxies Pegasus III (Peg III) and Pisces II (Psc II), two of the most distant satellites in the halo of the Milky Way (MW). We measure the structure of both galaxies, derive mass-to-light ratios with newly determined absolute magnitudes, and compare our findings to expectations from UFD-mass simulations. For Peg III, we find an elliptical half-light radius of ah=1. ′88−0.33+0.42 ( 118−30+31 pc) and MV=−4.17−0.22+0.19; for Psc II, we measure ah=1. ′31−0.09+0.10 (69 ± 8 pc) and MV=−4.28−0.16+0.19 . We do not find any morphological features that indicate a significant interaction between the two has occurred, despite their close separation of only ∼40 kpc. Using proper motions (PMs) from Gaia early Data Release 3, we investigate the possibility of any past association by integrating orbits for the two UFDs in an MW-only and a combined MW and Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) potential. We find that including the gravitational influence of the LMC is crucial, even for these outer-halo satellites, and that a possible orbital history exists where Peg III and Psc II experienced a close (∼10–20 kpc) passage about each other just over ∼1 Gyr ago, followed by a collective passage around the LMC (∼30–60 kpc) just under ∼1 Gyr ago. Considering the large uncertainties on the PMs and the restrictive priors imposed to derive them, improved PM measurements for Peg III and Psc II will be necessary to clarify their relationship. This would add to the rare findings of confirmed pairs of satellites within the Local Group.
CD95 ligand expression in dedifferentiated breast cancer

CD95 ligand expression has been observed in various malignancies. Studying the CD95 ligand (CD95L) and receptor (CD95) system in eight non‐malignant mammary tissues and 40 breast cancer tissues, mRNA and protein expression was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunofluorescence. mRNA levels of CD95L correlated positively ( r=0·90; p< 0·01) and transmembrane CD95 inversely ( r=−0·88; p< 0·01) with histopathological grading of the breast tumours: CD95L mRNA levels were low in adenomas, but increased by 20‐fold in grade I, 120‐fold in grade II, and 310‐fold in grade III breast cancer. In contrast, CD95 mRNA levels were low in high‐grade carcinomas, but high in benign mammary tissues. Since CD95L acts as an efficient inducer of apoptosis in CD95+ cells, apoptotic cells were identified on the tissue sections. Tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes and stromal cells in close proximity to CD95L‐expressing breast cancer underwent apoptosis. As a functional test, CD95+ target cells were cultured on breast cancer tissue sections. The target cells underwent apoptosis when cultured on breast cancer sections, but could be rescued when CD95L was specifically blocked by a CD95–Fc fusion molecule. The data suggest an inverse regulation of CD95 ligand and receptor expression during dedifferentiation of breast cancer. Killing of bystander cells by the CD95L‐expressing breast tumour could be involved in tissue invasion. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chaetognatha of Drake Passage and Bransfield Strait [ December 1983 - January 1984, BIOMASS-SIBEX ]

Materials used in this work were collected during BIOM ASS SIBEX project in the Drake Passage and the Bransfield Strait (1983/1984) in three water layers: 0 1 0 0 m, 100 — 300 m and 300—500 m. Four species of Chaetognatha were found: Eukrohnia hamata and Sagitta gazellae in both water regions; Sagitta planctonis occurred mainly in the Drake Passage whereas Sagitta marri was noted in the Bransfield Strait and adjacent parts of the Bellingshausen and Scotia seas. Chaetognatha were most numerous in the Drake Passage and generally in the layer 100 — 300 m. Vertical distribution of Chaetognatha was clearly influenced hydro-logical conditions. K e y w o r d s : Antarctica, plankton, Chaetognatha.
Institutions Institutional Change And Economic Performance Political Economy Of Institutions And Decisions

Institutional Change and Economic BehaviourEconomic Analysis of Institutional Change in Ancient GreeceToward a Comparative Institutional AnalysisEmpirical Studies in Institutional ChangeInstitutions and Institutional Change in ChinaInstitutional Change and American Economic GrowthThe Federal Civil Service System and the Problem of BureaucracyUnderstanding the Process of Economic ChangeViolence and Social OrdersInstitutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance in Emerging MarketsThe Foundations of Institutional EconomicsLegal-Economic Institutions, Entrepreneurship, and ManagementThe Political Economy of Public AdministrationBrazil in TransitionInstitutions, Institutional Change and Economic PerformanceRenegotiating the World OrderInstitutions, Institutional Change and Economic PerformanceInstitutions and Social ConflictInstitutional Change and GlobalizationStructure and Change in Economic HistoryInstitutional EconomicsThe Economic Intstitutions of CapitalismGreat TransformationsRe-Forming CapitalismInstitutions, Institutional Change, and Economic PerformanceGoverning the CommonsInstitutional Change after the Great RecessionThe Rise of the Western WorldInstitutional Change and Economic DevelopmentSocial Innovations, Institutional Change, and Economic PerformanceStories of Progressive Institutional ChangeDynamics of Institutional Change in Emerging Market EconomiesEconomics of Institutional ChangeInstitutional Change in the Public SphereInstitutional EconomicsInstitutional Change and GlobalizationThe Handbook of Economic Development and InstitutionsInstitutions and the Path to the Modern EconomyInstitutions, Institutional Change and Economic PerformanceBeyond Continuity
Small-time almost-sure behaviour of extremal processes

Abstract An rth-order extremal process Δ(r) = (Δ(r) t ) t≥0 is a continuous-time analogue of the rth partial maximum sequence of a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables. Studying maxima in continuous time gives rise to the notion of limiting properties of Δ t (r) as t ↓ 0. Here we describe aspects of the small-time behaviour of Δ(r) by characterising its upper and lower classes relative to a nonstochastic nondecreasing function b t > 0 with lim t↓ b t = 0. We are then able to give an integral criterion for the almost sure relative stability of Δ t (r) as t ↓ 0, r = 1, 2, . , or, equivalently, as it turns out, for the almost sure relative stability of Δ t (1) as t ↓ 0.
Novel electronic phases with eg orbitals in triangular lattices

Layered compounds are materials which exhibit charge order and novel phase of matter. This is the case in layered transition metal compounds, which have their band conduction on d-orbitals, a key ingredient to understand their electronic properties. We will focus in this dissertation on systems where the crystal-field splits orbitals into two degenerate subsets, t2g and eg, and where conduction electrons are on eg-orbitals. It is the case for layered transition-metal dichalcogenides and 2H-AgNiO2, which are known to exhibit charge orders, a periodic arrangement of electrons on the lattice. Layered transition-metal dichalcogenides have various pattern, incommensurate or commensurate insulating charge orders, among them large-unit cells charge orders. 2H-AgNiO2 have a charge order but is yet metallic.In order to investigate their charge orders, we derive a generic multiorbital extended Hubbard model and we refine our interest to eg-orbital with strong local Coulomb interactions. With a tight binding approach and electrostatic considerations, then the unrestricted Hartree-Fock method, we build the phase diagrams as a function of the strength of the Coulomb interactions, local and short-range, and we tun the band structure using the ratio $t'/t$ of the $e_g$-orbitals. We unravel a rich phase diagram with more than ten phases where some transitions can be controlled by the band structure. In particular, we found pinball liquid phases, metallic threefold charge orders where localized charges (pins) are surrounded by itinerant charges (balls) on a honeycomb lattice. Phases with large unit-cells are also stabilized, such as incommensurate charge and orbital orders and a √12x√12 charge order. These electronic states are generic for the half-filled triangular lattice and are also found in the isotropic limit, which corresponds to the single-band spinful extended Hubbard model.To capture the properties of phases with strong band structure anisotropy in the Mott state, that unrestricted Hartree-Fock fails to capture, we derived a Heisenberg-like Hamiltonian from perturbation theory. Then, we build the phase diagram of this new effective Hamiltonian using a classical approach and exact diagonalization with a symmetry analysis and Lanczos algorithm for a 24-site cluster. Apart from the known phases of the Heisenberg model in presence of a field, the Y and V configuration, the 1/3 plateau, the ferro-orbital phase, the anisotropy of the band structure of eg-orbitals leads to other ordering with finite τy or τx and τz components, different stripe orders and orbital density waves. We build a rich phase diagram from this new Hamiltonian.
Cetaceans-Acoustic disturbance and noise pollution

In the absence of touch and smell, sound is the primary sense for marine animals (Nowacek et al, 2007). Sound travels almost five times faster through sea water than through air (Nowacek et al, 2016) allowing effective and fast communication amongst individuals over long distances where sight may be limited (Nowacek et al, 2016). Whales and dolphins use a wide band of acoustic frequencies, from the low‐frequency sounds of ∼15 Hz used by the blue whale, to porpoises at 120 – 150 kHz (Nowacek et al, 2007).
Leveraged Financing, Over Investment, and Boom-Bust Cycles

It has long been argued in the history of economic thought that over investment through highly leveraged borrowing under elastic credit supply may generate large boombust business cycles. This paper rationalizes this idea in a dynamic general equilibrium model with in nitely lived rational agents. It shows that dynamic interactions between strong asset-accumulation motives (based on habit formation on the borrower side) and elastic credit supply (based on collateralized lending on the lender side) generate a multiplier-accelerator mechanism that can transform a one-time technological innovation into large and long-lasting boom-bust cycles. Such cycles share many features in common to investment bubbles observed in the history (such as the IT bubble in the 1990s and the 2000s housing bubble.). Keywords: Over-Investment, Borrowing Constraints, Multiplier-Accelerator, Elastic Credit Supply. This is a revised version of an earlier working paper titled "Resuscitating the Credit Cycle. " The authors thank Oscar Arce, Costas Azariadis, Jean-Pascal Benassy, Jess Benhabib, Michele Boldrin, Silvio Contessi, Carlos Garriga, Bill Gavin, Rodolfo Manuelli, Adrian Peralta-Alva, Steve Williamson, and seminar participants at several conferences for comments, and Luke Shimek for research assistance. This paper was written while Pintus was visiting the St. Louis Fed, whose hospitality and nancial support are gratefully acknowledged. The usual disclaimer applies. Correspondence: Patrick Pintus, Université de la Méditerranée & GREQAM-IDEP, France. Phone: 33 4 91 14 07 50. Fax: 33 4 91 90 02 27. Email: pintus@univmed.fr.
CRFL: Certifiably Robust Federated Learning against Backdoor Attacks

We focus on multi-class logistic regression (one linear layer with softmax function and cross-entropy loss), which is a convex classification problem. We train the FL system following our CRFL framework with three datasets: Lending Club Loan Data (LOAN) (Kan, 2019), MNIST (LeCun & Cortes, 2010), and EMNIST (Cohen et al., 2017). The financial dataset LOAN is a tabular dataset that contains the current loan status (Current, Late, Fully Paid, etc.) and latest payment information, which can be used for loan status prediction. It consists of 1,808,534 data samples and we divide them by 51 US states, each of whom represents a client in FL, hence the data distribution is non-i.i. d. 80% of data samples are used for training and the rest is for testing. EMNIST is an extended MNIST dataset that contains 10 digits and 37 letters. In the two image datasets, we split the training data for FL clients in an i.i. d. manner. The data description and other parameter setups are summarized in Table 1. For these datasets, the local learning rate ηi is 0.001 for all clients. The server performs an adaptive norm clipping threshold ρt that increases by time so that the normal learning ability of the model can be preserved (described in Table 1), and sets the fixed training noise level σt = 0.01 (t < T ). When the clipping threshold is not a fixed value, LZ is calculated based on ρtadv following Lemma 1 for our experiment,.