Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modifying Accelerometer Cut-Points Affects Criterion Validity in Simulated Free-Living for Adolescents and Adults

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess changes in criterion validity when modifying cut-points for use in different epoch lengths. Method: Simulated free-living data came from 42 adolescents (2-hr each) and 29 adults (6-hr each) wearing a hip-worn accelerometer and portable indirect calorimeter (Cosmed K4b2). K4b2 data were classified as sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and compared to estimates from accelerometer data processed with three youth and three adult cut-points in six epoch lengths (1, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60-s). A cut-point of 100 counts per minute was used for all SB estimates. Results: For both adolescents and adults, SB estimates in all but 60-s epochs were significantly higher than the criterion, by 18.4%–78.4% (all p < .02). CPS had varied effects on youth LPA, ranging from favorable effects for one cut-point (1.9% underestimation in 1-s epochs, versus 40.2% overestimation in the originally-calibrated epoch length; p < .01 and p = .91, respectively) to unfavorable effects for another (41.8% underestimation in 1-s epochs, versus 9.8% underestimation in the originally-calibrated epoch length; p < .01 and p = .39, respectively). Adult LPA estimates in 30-s or 60-s epochs were closest to the criterion (within 5.2%–37.3%, p = .0001–0.49). Youth MVPA estimates in 60-s epochs were closest to the criterion (within 9.5%–53.2%, all p < .05), whereas adult MVPA estimates in 1-s epochs were closest to the criterion (within 6.6%–34.2%, p = .02–0.59). Conclusion: Cut-point modification is not universally beneficial, and thus it is not recommended.
Reduction of Radiation Dose and Scanning Time While Preserving Diagnostic Yield: A Comparison of Battery-Powered and Manual Bone Biopsy Systems

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is scarcity of data on the comparative efficacy between bone biopsy drill systems across various types of bone lesions. Our aim was to investigate differences in diagnostic yield, scanning time, and radiation dose between manual and battery-powered bone biopsy systems in CT-guided biopsies of lytic, sclerotic, and infectious bone lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective single-center institutional review board–approved study. A total of 585 CT-guided core needle biopsies were performed at 1 institution from May 2010 to February 2019. Classification of bone lesions, location, bone biopsy system, suspected origin of primary disease, final pathologic diagnosis, diagnostic yield, presence of crush artifacts, radiation dose, and scanning times were collected. For the battery-powered system, OnControl was used. For the manual drill system, Bonopty, Osteo-site, and Laurane drill systems were used. Comparisons in lytic and sclerotic lesions and suspected discitis/osteomyelitis were made using the Fisher exact test. Subgroup analysis of the drill systems for scanning time and radiation dose was performed by 1-way ANOVA. RESULTS: Our patient cohorts consisted of a total of 585 patients with 422 lytic, 110 sclerotic, and 53 suspected infectious lesions. The mean age was 62 ± 13 years with a male/female ratio of 305:280 for all lesions. The diagnostic yield was 85.5% (362/422) for lytic, 82.7% (91/110) for sclerotic, 50.9% (27/53) for infectious lesions, and 82.1% (480/585) for all lesions. No statistical difference was found when comparing diagnostic yields of powered drills with the manual systems for lytic, sclerotic, and infectious lesions. However, in a subgroup analysis, radiation dose and scanning time were significantly lower for powered drill compared with manual drill systems in lytic (P = .001 for both) and sclerotic lesions (P = .028 and P = .012, respectively). No significant differences were seen between the drill systems for suspected infectious lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that there was no statistically significant difference in diagnostic yield when comparing battery-powered and manual bone biopsy systems for CT-guided bone biopsies; however, the use of the power drill system resulted in significantly reduced scanning time and radiation dose in lytic and sclerotic lesions.
Assessing Related Factors of Intention to Perpetrate Dating Violence among University Students Using the Theory of Planned Behavior

Dating violence (DV) is a major public health problem among youth. The majority of DV studies in Taiwan involve the assessment of DV without the use of a robust psychological framework to guide research accuracy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to utilize the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to assess intention and other salient factors related to DV among university students. A two-phase, mixed-method design study was conducted among university students from seven universities in Taiwan, aged 18 to 24 years. In Phase I, questionnaires used were specifically developed based on the TPB, consisting of both direct and indirect measures related to DV. In Phase Ⅱ, questionnaire evaluation and related factors were examined through a two-step process of structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the TPB model. The results of this study found that perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and attitude toward DV on behavioral intention accounting for 37.5% of the total variance. Among the related factors, attitude toward the behavior was the strongest (β = 0.48, p < 0.001), followed by perceived behavioral control (β = 0.19, p < 0.05). Findings from this study could expand the knowledge base in this important area and might help prevent DV.
Site-specific phosphorylation regulates the functions of kindlin-3 in a variety of cells

A new monoclonal antibody in combination with mutational analyses shows that a single serine phosphorylation in kindlin-3 is functionally important in both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. Studies of isolated cells, mice, and humans have demonstrated the vital role of the FERM domain protein kindlin-3 in integrin activation in certain hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, consequent to binding to integrin β-subunits. To explore regulatory mechanisms, we developed a monoclonal antibody that selectively recognizes the phosphorylated form of Ser484 (pS484) in kindlin-3. Activation of platelets, HEL megakaryocytic-like cells and BT549 breast cancer cells led to enhanced expression of pS484 as assessed by immunofluorescence or Western blotting. In platelets, pS484 rose rapidly and transiently upon stimulation. When a mutant form of kindlin-3, T482S484/AA kindlin-3, was transduced into mouse megakaryocytes, it failed to support activation of integrin αIIbβ3, whereas wild-type kindlin-3 did. In MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells, expression of T482S484/AA kindlin-3 suppressed cell spreading, migration, invasion, and VEGF production. Wild-type kindlin-3 expressing cells markedly increased tumor growth in vivo, whereas T482S484/AA kindlin-3 significantly blunted tumor progression. Thus, our data establish that a unique phosphorylation event in kindlin-3 regulates its cellular functions.
[First case of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children in Shanghai].

报道上海第l例确诊新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)感染患儿的诊治经过。 患儿 男，7岁，因"发热3 h伴咳嗽"以及父亲被确诊2019-nCoV感染的肺炎收入复旦大学附属儿科医院负压病房。 经过对症治疗后治愈。 儿童2019-nCoV感染临床表现相对成人较轻，家庭内传播是儿童感染重要的途径。 本例患儿虽然症状轻，但恢复期连续2次2019-nCoV核酸检测阳性，提示需要观察轻症儿童病例在恢复期无症状排毒的传染性。
Oral Manifestations in HIV-Positive Children: A Systematic Review

Background: The number of pediatric patients affected by HIV still remains high, mainly in developing countries, where the main cause of infection is vertical transmission from the mother. Even today, a large number of these children do not have access to treatment, and, without proper care, they die in the first few years of life. Objective: The aim of our review was to assess the prevalence of oral hard and soft tissue lesions in HIV-positive pediatric patients by identifying the most common manifestations and the overall impact that they may have on the children’s quality of life. Study design: A systematic review of the articles in the English language in PubMed and Scopus was conducted in March 2019 in order to identify the main epidemiological and cross-sectional studies on the topic. Results: Oral diseases are still one of the most common manifestations in HIV-positive pediatric patients, and they often represent the first form in which immunosuppression shows itself. An analysis of the literature shows that candidiasis is the most common oral lesion found in HIV-positive children. A significant incidence of gingivitis and gingival disease is also evident, though not strictly correlated to HIV infection. However, thanks to the introduction of new antiretroviral therapies, the incidence of HIV-related oral lesions is decreasing. Conclusions: An HIV-positive children care program should also include dental protocols, as oral disease negatively influences the quality of life, affecting both functional and social aspects.
Stimulus outputs induced by subdural electrodes on the cervical spinal cord in monkeys

Objective. Spinal stimulation is a promising method for restoring the function of paralyzed limbs following neurological damage to descending pathways. The present study examined the forelimb movements and muscle responses evoked by subdural spinal stimulation of the cervical cord in sedated monkeys or during an arm-reaching task. Approach. We chronically implanted a platinum subdural electrode array with eight channels over the dorsal-lateral aspect of the cervical enlargement. The electrodes had a diameter of 1 mm and an inter-electrode center-to-center distance of 3 mm. Subdural spinal micro-stimulation was delivered at sites while the monkeys were sedated or performed arm-reaching movements. Main results. The evoked movements clearly showed the somatotopic map of the output sites; the electrodes located on the rostral cervical cord tended to induce movements of the proximal arm, whereas the caudal electrodes tended to induce movements of the distal joints, such as the wrist and digits. To document the muscle responses evoked by subdural spinal stimulation, stimulus-triggered averages of rectified electromyograms were compiled when the monkeys performed an arm-reaching task or were sedated. Under sedation, evoked facilitative muscle responses were observed in vicinity muscles. In contrast, during the task, stimulation evoked facilitative or suppressive responses in multiple muscles, including those located on proximal and distal joints, while somatotopy became blurred under sedation. Furthermore, stimulation during tasks activated synergistic muscle groups. For example, stimuli strongly facilitated finger extensor muscles, but suppressed the antagonist muscles. Significance. These dynamic changes in muscle representation by subdural cervical spinal stimulation between sedated and awake states help our understanding of the nature of spinal circuits and will facilitate the development of neuroprosthetic technology to regain motor function after neural damage to the descending pathways.
Comparison of Treatment Strategies for Patients With Clinical Stage T1-3/N2 Lung Cancer.

BACKGROUND The therapeutic strategies for clinical stage T1-3N2 (cT1-3N2) lung cancer are controversial. For operable tumors, treatment can vary by center, region, and continent. This study aimed to identify the optimal therapeutic method and type of surgical strategy for cT1-3N2 lung cancer. METHODS This retrospective evaluation analyzed the records of 17,954 patients with cT1-3N2 lung cancer treated in 2010 through 2015 from the SEER database. The effects of different therapeutic methods and types of surgical strategies on overall survival (OS) were assessed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS The 5-year OS rates were 27.7% for patients with T1N2 disease, 21.8% for those with T2N2 disease, and 19.9% for T3N2 disease. Neoadjuvant therapy plus operation (OP) plus adjuvant therapy, and OP plus adjuvant therapy, provided better 5-year OS rates than OP alone or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (34.1%, 37.7%, 29.3%, and 16.1%, respectively). In the T1N2, T2N2, and T3N2 groups, lobectomy provided better 5-year OS than pneumonectomy, sublobectomy, and no surgery. Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that young age, female sex, well-differentiated histologic grade, adenocarcinoma cell type, neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, lobectomy, and T1 stage were statistically associated with better 5-year OS rates. CONCLUSIONS In cT1-3N2 lung cancer, multimodal treatments tended to provide better 5-year OS than OP alone or concurrent chemoradiotherapy. In addition, lobectomy was associated with better survival than other operative methods.
Association between psychosocial working conditions in mid-life and leisure activity in old age

Aims: Leisure activity helps people engage with life, and it promotes health and well-being as we age. This study investigated whether individuals with active jobs (high psychological demands, high control) in mid-life were more active during leisure time in old age compared with those with less active jobs. Methods: Two individually linked Swedish surveys were used (N=776) with 23 years of follow-up. Data were analysed with logistic regression. Results: Having an active job in mid-life was associated with greater engagement in intellectual/cultural, social and physical activity in old age, even when leisure activity in mid-life was taken into account. Conclusions: The results suggest that active jobs in mid-life may be replaced by active leisure during retirement. Active job conditions may promote engagement in society in old age, which in turn may have positive health consequences.
Metabolic Demand and Indirect Markers of Muscle Damage After Eccentric Cycling With Blood Flow Restriction

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the effects of a single bout of eccentric cycling (ECC) and eccentric cycling with blood flow restriction (ECCBFR) on the changes in cardio-metabolic demand and indirect markers of muscle damage in healthy men. Method: Twenty-one young men (24.0 ± 3.2 y) were randomly allocated in two groups to perform a 30-min eccentric cycling bout with or without blood flow restriction. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion and mean arterial blood pressure were monitored during cycling. Blood lactate was measured before and after cycling. Maximal voluntary isometric knee extensor strength and muscle damage were measured before, immediately after and 1–4 days after each eccentric cycling bout. Results: Oxygen consumption, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion and mean arterial blood pressure were similar between bouts. Blood lactate concentrations increased in both groups (p < .01), with ECCBFR showing 60% greater blood lactate concentration than eccentric cycling (p < .01). Maximal voluntary isometric knee extensor strength decreased 19-7% until 48 h and decreased 16-7% until 72 h after ECC and ECCBFR, respectively. Muscle soreness and pressure pain threshold remained elevated until 72 h after ECC and until 96 h after ECCBFR. Conclusion: These results show that ECCBFR induces similar cardiovascular stress, greater lactate production and longer time to recover than ECC alone. Thus, BFR can be safely implemented with eccentric cycling.
Inflamed synovial fluid induces a homeostatic response in bone marrow mononuclear cells in vitro: Implications for joint therapy

Synovial inflammation is a central feature of osteoarthritis (OA), elicited when local regulatory macrophages (M2‐like) become overwhelmed, activating an inflammatory response (M1‐like). Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNC) are a source of naïve macrophages capable of reducing joint inflammation and producing molecules essential for cartilage metabolism. This study investigated the response of BMNC to normal (SF) and inflamed synovial fluid (ISF). Equine BMNC cultured in autologous SF or ISF (n = 8 horses) developed into macrophage‐rich cultures with phenotypes similar to cells native to normal SF and became more confluent in ISF (~100%) than SF (~25%). BMNC cultured in SF or ISF were neither M1‐ nor M2‐like, but exhibited aspects of both phenotypes and a regulatory immune response, characterized by increasing counts of IL‐10+ macrophages, decreasing IL‐1β concentrations and progressively increasing IL‐10 and IGF‐1 concentrations. Changes were more marked in ISF and suggest that homeostatic mechanisms were preserved over time and were potentially favored by progressive cell proliferation. Collectively, our data suggest that intra‐articular BMNC could increase synovial macrophage counts, potentiating the macrophage‐ and IL‐10‐associated mechanisms of joint homeostasis lost during the progression of OA, preserving the production of cytokines involved in tissue repair (PGE2, IL‐10) generally impaired by frequently used corticosteroids.
Production of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Systematic Review

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is widely distributed in nature and considered a potent bioactive compound with numerous and important physiological functions, such as anti-hypertensive and antidepressant activities. There is an ever-growing demand for GABA production in recent years. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are one of the most important GABA producers because of their food-grade nature and potential of producing GABA-rich functional foods directly. In this paper, the GABA-producing LAB species, the biosynthesis pathway of GABA by LAB, and the research progress of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), the key enzyme of GABA biosynthesis, were reviewed. Furthermore, GABA production enhancement strategies are reviewed, from optimization of culture conditions and genetic engineering to physiology-oriented engineering approaches and co-culture methods. The advances in both the molecular mechanisms of GABA biosynthesis and the technologies of synthetic biology and genetic engineering will promote GABA production of LAB to meet people’s demand for GABA. The aim of the review is to provide an insight of microbial engineering for improved production of GABA by LAB in the future.
Evidence for uteroplacental malperfusion in fetuses with major congenital heart defects

Aims Fetuses affected by congenital heart defects (CHD) are considered to be at increased risk of fetal growth restriction and intrauterine demise. Whether these risks are a direct consequence of fetal CHD or a result of associated uteroplacental dysfunction is not evident from the data of recent studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of uteroplacental dysfunction reflected by abnormal uterine artery Doppler indices and reduced fetal growth in CHD pregnancies. Methods This is a retrospective case-control study including singleton pregnancies referred for detailed fetal cardiac assessment subsequently diagnosed with or without CHD. Mid-trimester uterine artery Doppler assessment at 20–24 weeks as well as third trimester fetal biometry and arterial Doppler pulsatility indices (PI) were performed. All fetal biometry were converted into centiles and Doppler values to multiples of median (MoM) to adjust for physiological changes with gestation. Results The study included 811 pregnancies including 153 cases where the fetus was diagnosed with CHD. Mid-pregnancy uterine artery PI was significantly higher in women with fetal CHD compared to controls (0.90MoM vs 0.83MoM; p = 0.006). In the third trimester, median centiles for fetal head circumference (45.4 vs 57.07; p<0.001), abdominal circumference (51.17 vs 55.71; p = 0.014), estimated fetal weight (33.6 vs 56.7; p<0.001) and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR: 0.84MoM vs 0.95MoM; p<0.001) were significantly lower in fetuses with CHD compared to controls. The percentage of small for gestational age births <10th centile (24.0% vs 10.7%; <0.001) and low CPR <0.6MoM (11.7% vs 2.5%; p<0.001) were significantly higher in the fetal CHD cohort. Conclusions Mid-pregnancy uterine artery resistance is increased and subsequent fetal biometry reduced in pregnancies with CHD fetuses. These findings suggest that fetal CHD are associated with uteroplacental dysfunction, secondary to impaired maternal uteroplacental perfusion resulting in relative fetal hypoxaemia and reduced fetal growth.
Comparison between microwave ablation and radiofrequency ablation for treating symptomatic uterine adenomyosis

Abstract Objectives To prospectively compare the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous microwave ablation (PMWA) and ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (USgRFA) for treating symptomatic uterine adenomyosis. Methods One hundred and thirty-three women with symptomatic uterine adenomyosis who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in our study from October 2015 to October 2017. Sixty-eight patients underwent PMWA, and sixty-five patients underwent USgRFA. All patients were followed up for 12 months. Assessment endpoints included treatment time, percentage ablation, percentage uterine regression, symptom severity scores (SSSs), dysmenorrhea scores and adverse events. Results The mean age of the patients in our study was 39.4 ± 4.2 years (range, 35–50 years), and the median volume of uterine adenomyosis was 124.3 cm3 (range, 28.7–374.5 cm3). The mean ablation time was 16.3 ± 4.9 min (range, 5–23 min) in the MWA group, which was demonstrably superior to that of the RFA group, which was 37.5 ± 6.2 min (range, 5–39 min). The mean percentages of ablation of uterine adenomyosis were 79.7 ± 15.1% and 79.2 ± 14.2% in the MWA group and the RFA group, respectively, and showed no significant difference between the groups. The percentages of regression of uterine volume also showed no marked difference between the two groups. Changes in the dysmenorrhea scores and the SSSs after ablation were similar in the MWA group and in the RFA group, and no significant difference was found between the groups. Finally, the percentage occurrence of adverse events was the same in the two groups. Conclusions The safety and effectiveness of PMWA and USgRFA in the treatment of uterine adenomyosis were similar; however, the mean ablation time of PMWA was shorter than that of USgRFA.
A multidisciplinary approach to weight control.

: A college course in weight modification, which combines a nutritionally adequate, deficit kilocalorie diet with behavior modification and exercise, is described. Course content, weight loss data, and subjective appraisal of behavior modification techniques by students are presented. During one semester in which the course was offered, the 20 women enrolled lost an average of 10 lb. A one-year follow-up of 8 of the women revealed an avearage loss of 20 lb since the beginning of the course. Results compare favorably with those of other studies in which behavior modification was used as a component of a weight control program. In addition, the students were very positive regarding the benefits of the course in promoting sound nutrition and weight control practices.