Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Black Line Sign in Focal Cortical Dysplasia IIB

Background and Objectives We aim to provide detailed imaging-electroclinicopathologic characterization of the black line sign, a novel MRI marker for focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) IIB. Methods 7T T2*-weighted gradient-echo (T2*w-GRE) images were retrospectively reviewed in a consecutive cohort of patients with medically intractable epilepsy with pathology-proven FCD II, for the occurrence of the black line sign. We examined the overlap between the black line region and the seizure-onset zone (SOZ) defined by intracranial EEG (ICEEG) and additionally assessed whether complete inclusion of the black line region in the surgical resection was associated with postoperative seizure freedom. The histopathologic specimen was aligned with the MRI to investigate the pathologic underpinning of the black line sign. Region-of-interest–based quantitative MRI (qMRI) analysis on the 7T T1 map was performed in the black line region, entire lesional gray matter (GM), and contralateral/ipsilateral normal gray and white matter (WM). Results We included 20 patients with FCD II (14 IIB and 6 IIA). The black line sign was identified in 12/14 (85.7%) of FCD IIB and 0/6 of FCD IIA on 7T T2*w-GRE. The black line region was highly concordant with the ICEEG-defined SOZ (5/7 complete and 2/7 partial overlap). Seizure freedom was seen in 8/8 patients whose black line region was completely included in the surgical resection; in the 2 patients whose resection did not completely include the black line region, both had recurring seizures. Inclusion of the black line region in the surgical resection was significantly associated with seizure freedom (p = 0.02). QMRI analyses showed that the T1 mean value of the black line region was significantly different from the WM (p < 0.001), but similar to the GM. Well-matched histopathologic slices in one case revealed accumulated dysmorphic neurons and balloon cells in the black line region. Discussion The black line sign may serve as a noninvasive marker for FCD IIB. Both MRI-pathology and qMRI analyses suggest that the black line region was an abnormal GM component within the FCD. Being highly concordant with ICEEG-defined SOZ and significantly associated with seizure freedom when included in resection, the black line sign may contribute to the planning of ICEEG/surgery of patients with medically intractable epilepsy with FCD IIB. Classification of Evidence This study provides Class II evidence that in individuals with intractable focal epilepsy undergoing resection who have a 7T MRI with adequate image quality, the presence of the black line sign may suggest FCD IIB, be concordant with SOZ from ICEEG, and be associated with more seizure freedom if fully included in resection.
The association between cardiac involvement and long‐term clinical outcomes in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Despite advances in contemporary cardiopulmonary therapies, cardiomyopathy remains the leading cause of death in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Also, the long‐term clinical outcomes of patients with DMD and cardiomyopathy is unknown. This study investigated long‐term clinical outcomes and their associated factors in patients with late‐stage DMD.
Automatic Liver Tumor Segmentation on Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI Using 4D Information: Deep Learning Model Based on 3D Convolution and Convolutional LSTM

Objective: Accurate segmentation of liver tumors, which could help physicians make appropriate treatment decisions and assess the effectiveness of surgical treatment, is crucial for the clinical diagnosis of liver cancer. In this study, we propose a 4-dimensional (4D) deep learning model based on 3D convolution and convolutional long short-term memory (C-LSTM) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesion segmentation. Methods: The proposed deep learning model utilizes 4D information on dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images to assist liver tumor segmentation. Specifically, a shallow U-net based 3D CNN module was designed to extract 3D spatial domain features from each DCE phase, followed by a 4-layer C-LSTM network module for time domain information exploitation. The combined information of multi-phase DCE images and the manner by which tissue imaging features change on multi-contrast images allow the network to more effectively learn the characteristics of HCC, resulting in better segmentation performance. Results: The proposed model achieved a Dice score of 0.825± 0.077, a Hausdorff distance of 12.84± 8.14 mm, and a volume similarity of 0.891± 0.080 for liver tumor segmentation, which outperformed the 3D U-net model, RA-UNet model and other models in the ablation study in both internal and external test sets. Moreover, the performance of the proposed model is comparable to the nnU-Net model, which showed state-of-the-art performance in many segmentation tasks, with significantly reduced prediction time. Conclusion: The proposed 3D convolution and C-LSTM based model can achieve accurate segmentation of HCC lesions.
The implementation of Going Dynamic in Telenor from a management control perspective : why and how has Telenor gone Beyond Budgeting?

Bodø Graduate School of Business | 2009 I Abstract Today’s organization is striving in environments which frequently are characterized by uncertainties and rapid changes. The budget has been, and still is, a management tool most companies use to govern their activities. The critics of the budget have claimed that the budget has lost its relevance in today’s highly competitive environment. Beyond Budgeting is such a concept that claims that organizations needs to replace the budget due to its conflicting purposes. Telenor is one of the organizations which realized that the budget was inadequate for the company's needs because it did not always contribute in providing the optimal management information. Management realized that the budget was grasping for more than it could handle and introduced Going Dynamic – a management model inspired by the Beyond Budgeting philosophy. We have studied why and how Telenor introduced Going Dynamic by interviewing the project leader for Going Dynamic and employees in two market outlets. Telenor decided to introduce Going Dynamic in the Norwegian organization in 2006. The market outlets were separately responsible for introducing new designs that replaced the budget, which has resulted in some interesting similarities and differences. The study of how Going Dynamic has been introduced in the market outlets has been done from a management control perspective which includes targets, resource allocation and prognoses. The literature states that each organization’s journey to go Beyond Budgeting is unique, and our study confirms that this is the case even between divisions in a single organization. We found that the budget no longer provided management with the adequate information needed in Telenor’s rapid changing environment. The budget could no longer perform its multiple roles included target setting, resource allocation, and cost management in a way that enabled decision making and follow up. Telenor has separated the targets, resource allocation and prognoses as a result of this. The two market outlets have developed different mechanisms that allow a more dynamic resource allocation. The processes of making prognoses, which aim to reveal gaps towards the targets, are applied differently in the two market outlets. The prognoses have made processes more visible and the incentive structure has been changed. However, there are indications that the budget has not been fully deinstitutionalized yet and the budget-like fixed target setting process seems to hamper Telenor’s ability to allocate resources dynamically to a certain degree.
Effectiveness of first, second, and third COVID-19 vaccine doses in solid organ transplant recipients: A population-based cohort study from Canada

Limited data exists on the effectiveness of a third COVID‐19 vaccine dose in solid organ transplant recipients. We conducted a population‐based cohort study using linked healthcare databases from Ontario, Canada to answer this question. We included solid organ transplant recipients (n = 12,842) as of December 14, 2020, with follow‐up until November 28, 2021. We used an extended Cox proportional hazards model with vaccination status, including BNT162b2, mRNA‐1273, and ChAdOx1 vaccines, modeled as a time‐dependent exposure. Individuals started in the unvaccinated category (reference) and could contribute person‐time to first, second, and third doses. Over a median follow‐up of 349 days, 12.7% (n = 1632) remained unvaccinated, 54.1% (n = 6953) received 3 doses, and 488 (3.8%) tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 (of which 260 [53.3%] had a clinically important outcome [i.e., hospitalization or death]). Adjusted vaccine effectiveness against infection was 31% (95% CI: 2, 51%), 46% (95% CI: 21, 63%), and 72% (95% CI: 43, 86%) for one, two, and three doses. Vaccine effectiveness against clinically important outcomes was 38% (95% CI: 4, 61%), 54% (95% CI: 23, 73%), and 67% (95% CI: 11, 87%). Vaccine effectiveness in solid organ transplant recipients is lower than the general population, however, vaccine effectiveness improved following a third dose.
Antigen receptor‐engineered Tregs inhibit CNS autoimmunity in cell therapy using nonredundant immune mechanisms in mice

CD4+FOXP3+ Tregs are currently explored to develop cell therapies against immune‐mediated disorders, with an increasing focus on antigen receptor‐engineered Tregs. Deciphering their mode of action is necessary to identify the strengths and limits of this approach. Here, we addressed this issue in an autoimmune disease of the CNS, EAE. Following disease induction, autoreactive Tregs upregulated LAG‐3 and CTLA‐4 in LNs, while IL‐10 and amphiregulin (AREG) were increased in CNS Tregs. Using genetic approaches, we demonstrated that IL‐10, CTLA‐4, and LAG‐3 were nonredundantly required for the protective function of antigen receptor‐engineered Tregs against EAE in cell therapy whereas AREG was dispensable. Treg‐derived IL‐10 and CTLA‐4 were both required to suppress acute autoreactive CD4+ T‐cell activation, which correlated with disease control. These molecules also affected the accumulation in the recipients of engineered Tregs themselves, underlying complex roles for these molecules. Noteworthy, despite the persistence of the transferred Tregs and their protective effect, autoreactive T cells eventually accumulated in the spleen of treated mice. In conclusion, this study highlights the remarkable power of antigen receptor‐engineered Tregs to appropriately provide multiple suppressive factors nonredundantly necessary to prevent autoimmune attacks.
TryonCM2: Try-on-Enhanced Fashion Compatibility Modeling Framework

Recently, fashion compatibility modeling, which can score the matching degree of several complementary fashion items, has gained increasing research attention. Previous studies have primarily learned the features of fashion items and utilize their interaction as the fashion compatibility. However, the try-on looking of an outfit help us to learn the fashion compatibility in a combined manner, where items are spatially distributed and partially covered by other items. Inspired by this, we design a try-on-enhanced fashion compatibility modeling framework, named TryonCM2, which incorporates the try-on appearance with the item interaction to enhance the fashion compatibility modeling. Specifically, we treat each outfit as a sequence of items and adopt the bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) network to capture the latent interaction of fashion items. Meanwhile, we synthesize a try-on template image to depict the try-on appearance of an outfit. And then, we regard the outfit as a sequence of multiple image stripes, i.e., local content, of the try-on template, and adopt the bidirectional LSTM network to capture the contextual structure in the try-on appearance. Ultimately, we combine the fashion compatibility lying in the item interaction and try-on appearance as the final compatibility of the outfit. Both the objective and subjective experiments on the existing FOTOS dataset demonstrate the superiority of our framework over the state-of-the-art methods.
Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in children aged 6–11 years with cystic fibrosis, at least one F508DEL allele, and advanced lung disease: A 24‐week observational study

It has been shown that elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulatory treatment is safe and efficacious in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients aged >12 years with at least one F508del CFTR allele. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Asthma risk after a pediatric intensive care unit admission for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis

Admission to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) has been associated with respiratory consequences in children with asthma and carries major implications for management control. Whereas respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis has been associated with increasing intensity of wheezing, the relationship between RSV‐bronchiolitis PICU admission and future asthma is unclear. This retrospective case‐control study evaluated whether hospitalization in the PICU due to RSV bronchiolitis is more likely to be associated with future asthma in early life compared with hospitalization in a general pediatric ward.
Diagnostic Dilemma of Hemoglobinopathies Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Alone: A Case Report from a Resource-Constrained Setting

Abstract Hemoglobinopathies are quite common in India, and multiple awareness and screening initiatives exist for detection of thalassemia in the population. One of the most common and successfully used method for thalassemia screening is the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) test. However, in spite of its excellent usefulness as a screening tool, there are situations where HPLC alone may not be able to make an accurate diagnosis. Here we highlight a fairly common situation where HPLC alone failed to confirm the diagnosis. A detailed family and transfusion history along with clinical examination and investigations, such as a complete hemogram, HPLC, along with molecular studies would have aided in diagnosis. Another cause of concern raised by this case is that the most common mutation in our population, such as IVS-I-5 (G>C), HBB: c.92+5G>C, was not represented in the HPLC, and thus, was missed during the preconception screening process, leading to a chain of events.
Ozone protects cardiomyocytes from myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury through miR-200c/FOXO3 axis

Abstract Purpose Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) is a detrimental process contributing to the pathological progression of coronary artery diseases. Studies indicate that miRNAs are implicated in ischemic heart disease, and ozone therapy could protect the heart from ischemic heart disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of ozone on miR-200c expression and the potential role of miR-200c in an I/R myocardial injury model. Methods A myocardial cellular model of I/R was established to detect the expression of miR-200c. Cardiomyocytes with I/R induction were treated with ozone as a cellular model to detect miR-200 expression and investigate its functional roles. The downstream target of miR-200c was predicted with Starbase online tools and validated by dual luciferase reporter assay. The function of miR-200c/FOXO3 axis in I/R was examined by CCK-8 proliferation and apoptotic assays. Results miR-200c was upregulated in primary cardiomyocytes of the I/R model. In cardiomyocyte cells, cell proliferation in the I/R group was significantly impaired, which could be partially rescued by miR-200c inhibitor or ozone treatment. Cell death detected by LDH release and apoptosis assay in the I/R model could also be inhibited by miR-200c inhibitor or ozone treatment. FOXO3 was identified as a downstream target of miR-200c, which was induced by ozone treatment and suppressed by miR-200c. Silencing FOXO3 abrogated the protective effect of ozone treatment on the I/R cell model. Conclusion Overall, our results suggest that ozone plays a cardio-protective role in I/R through regulating miR-200/FOXO3 axis, and indicate that targeting miR-200/FOXO3 axis could potentially alleviate I/R.
Effects of corn (Zea mays L.) stover removal and leaching on soil test and whole plant K+ levels in corn and K+ fertilization/highinput treatments on soybean using site-specific management to increase soybean (Glycine max) production in South Dakota

xv STATEMENT OF PROBLEM . xvii Chapter 1: EFFECTS OF CORN (Zea Mays L.) STOVER REMOVAL ON SOIL TEST K+ LEVELS IN CONTINUOUS CORN UNDER VARYING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Introduction . 1 Materials and Methods. 3 Results and Discussion. 5 Conclusions. 26 Citations. 27 Appendix A: SAS Code Used For Statistical Procedures for STK . 107 Appendix A: SAS Code Used For Statistical Procedures on Corn Grain Yield . 112 Chapter 2: SOYBEAN Glycine max(L) Merrill) YIELD RESPONSE WITH K FERTILIZATION FOLLOWING CONSECUTIVE YEARS OF CORN (Zea mays L.) STOVER REMOVAL IN SOUTH DAKOTA, USA Introduction . 30 Materials and Methods . 33 Results and Discussion . 37 Conclusions . 67
Antibiotic Treatment Duration for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Outpatient Children in High-Income Countries—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background The optimal treatment duration of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children has been controversial in high-income countries. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare short antibiotic treatment (3–5 days) with longer treatment (7–10 days) among children aged ≥6 months. Methods On 31 January 2022, we searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for studies published in English from 2003 to 2022. We included randomized controlled trials focusing on antibiotic treatment duration in children with CAP treated as outpatients. We calculated risk differences (RDs) with 95% confidence intervals and used the fixed-effect model (low heterogeneity). Our main outcome was treatment failure, defined as need for retreatment or hospitalization within 1 month. Our secondary outcome was presence of antibiotic-related harms. Results A total of 541 studies were screened, and 4 studies with 1541 children were included in the review. Three studies had low risk of bias, and one had some concerns. All 4 studies assessed treatment failures, and the RD was 0.1% (95% confidence interval, −3.0% to 2.0%) with high quality of evidence. Two studies (1194 children) assessed adverse events related to antibiotic treatment, and the RD was 0.0% (−5.0% to 5.0%) with moderate quality of evidence. The diagnostic criteria varied between the included studies. Conclusions A short antibiotic treatment duration of 3–5 days was equally effective and safe compared with the longer (current) recommendation of 7–10 days in children aged ≥6 months with CAP. We suggest that short antibiotic courses can be implemented in treatment of pediatric CAP.
Incidence of Fracture Hospitalization and Surgery in Women Increases Steadily During the Puerperal and Lactation Period: A Retrospective Register‐Based Cohort Study in Finland From 1999 to 2018

This retrospective cohort study assesses the incidences of major fractures and surgery in women during the puerperium and the lactation period in Finland between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2018. Using nationwide data from the Finnish Care Register for Health Care and the Finnish Medical Birth Register, all women aged between 15 and 49 years with a fracture hospitalization within 12 months of delivery between 1999 and 2018 were included. During the study period, a total of 3140 fractures after delivery and 152,800 fractures of the female normal population of similar age were hospitalized. The incidence rate after delivery increased from 219/100,000 person‐years during the first 4 months to 310 fractures/100,000 person‐years during the latter 8 months of the first year after delivery. Altogether, 29% (n = 904/3140) of these fractures were treated operatively. The most common fractures were ankle and distal radius fractures, which made up one‐third of all fractures. The incidence of pelvic fracture hospitalization was 15/100,000 person‐years at 4 months after delivery, with an operation rate of 22%. Over half of all fractures occurred between 6 and 12 months after delivery (mean 6.6 months). The incidence of fracture hospitalization after delivery increased steadily during the puerperium and the lactation periods but remained lower than in the general population (age‐adjusted incidence 554/100,000 person‐years) with an incidence rate ratio of 0.51. However, a higher proportion of pelvic fractures were observed in the first months after delivery. Surgical rates were in line with the general population. Fractures of the wrist and ankle made up most of the fractures. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
A numerical study of high pressure turbine forced response in the presence of damaged nozzle guide vanes

Abstract This paper reports results from numerical computations of low engine order and blade-passing forced response on the rotor of a high pressure turbine due to severe damage to a single nozzle guide vane. The computations are performed using a time-domain, nonlinear viscous compressible flow simulation code. The flow and the levels of forcing for a few selected modes are compared for the undamaged and the damaged configurations. The results show that the response in various modes is affected to a different extent by the damage. The main blade-passing response was found to be largely unaffected, if not marginally reduced. On the other hand, the vibration levels for some modes were seen to be up to eight times higher because of the low-order excitation harmonics created by the damaged passage.
Hubungan Konsumsi Fast Food dengan Obesitas pada Remaja di SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Yogyakarta

Latar Belakang: Obesitas atau yang biasa dikenal kegemukan merupakan masalah yang cukup merisaukan di kalangan remaja. Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi obesitas/overweight yaitu ketersediaan makanan yang murah, cepat tetapi tidak sehat salah satunya yaitu fast food. Tujuan: Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi fast food dengan obesitas pada remaja di smp muhammadiyah 10 yogyakarta Metode: Rancangan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan analitik dengan pendekatan case control yang terdiri dari 31 responden obesitas dan 31 responden tidak obesitas. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik total sampling dan random sampling. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah uji chi square dan odd ratio. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kebiasaan konsumsi fast food dengan kejadian obesitas pada remaja (p = 0,000 < 0,05) dengan nilai nilai odd ratio sebersar 6.00. Simpulan: Frekuensi konsumsi fast food lebih dari 3 kali seminggu memiliki resiko 6.00 kali lipat mengalami obesitas dibandingkan dengan yang tidak sering mengkonsumsi fast food. Saran: Dapat mempertimbangkan menu makan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan energi harian, sehingga dapat memberikan manfaat kepada siswa- siswi dalam mengkonsumsi makanan yang sehat.
Islands for entanglement negativity in communicating black holes

We obtain the holographic entanglement negativity for bipartite mixed states at a finite temperature in baths described by conformal field theories dual to configurations involving two communicating black holes in a braneworld geometry. In this context, we analyze the mixed state entanglement structure characterized by the information transfer between the black holes. The model corresponds to a configuration of two dimensional eternal JT black holes in a braneworld geometry involving two Planck branes coupled through shared bath systems described by $CFT_2$s. Our results reproduce analogue of the Page curves for the entanglement negativity obtained earlier in the context of random matrix theory and from geometric evaporation in JT black hole configurations.