Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SOURCES OF VARIATION IN SECOND AND NATIVE LANGUAGE SPEAKING PROFICIENCY AMONG COLLEGE-AGED SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS

Abstract We evaluated external and internal sources of variation in second language (L2) and native language (L1) proficiency among college students. One hundred and twelve native-English L2 learners completed measures of L1 and L2 speaking proficiency, working memory, and cognitive control and provided self-ratings of language exposure and use. When considering learner-external variation, we found that more frequent L2 exposure predicted higher L2 and L1 proficiency, while earlier L2 exposure predicted higher L2 proficiency, but poorer L1 maintenance. L1–L2 distance limited crosslinguistic transfer of print-to-sound mappings. When considering learner-internal variation, we found that L1 and L2 proficiency were highly correlated and that better working memory, but not cognitive control, accounted for additional variance in L2 and L1 proficiency. More frequent L2 exposure was associated with better cognitive control.
Fear of judgement and women's physical (in)activity experiences

There is a significant body of research that examines the antecedents and consequences of population-level disparities in physical activity engagement. However, there are still vast gendered inequalities with women missing out on the associated health benefits of physical activity compared to men. The purpose of this study is to foster a deep understanding of the ‘fear of judgement’ experienced by physically inactive women to develop policy and practice that can attend to this issue. The theory of reflexive embodiment, rooted in the interactionist tradition, provides the theoretical underpinning for the work as it highlights how women's bodies are influenced by the gaze of others. Results demonstrate that women feel judged for the way their bodies look and move during exercise, for prioritising physical activity over family duties, and that these sensations are influenced by the networks of people in activity spaces. The impact of judgement affects women's mental and physical wellbeing. It leads to the cessation of physical activity, creates worries about restarting various forms of activity and shapes how and where women undertake exercise.
Preparation and characterization of monoliths HKUST-1 MOF via straightforward conversion of Cu(OH)2-based monoliths and its application for wastewater treatment: artificial neural network and central composite design modeling

Highly crystalline water stable monolithic HKUST-1 MOF by a straightforward conversion of Cu(OH)2-based monoliths was prepared and characterized via FE-SEM, XRD and EDS analysis. The prepared water stable monolithic HKUST-1 MOF as a new adsorbent was applied for the removal of eosin yellow (EY) and malachite green (MG) dyes from a binary aqueous solution. A central composite design as one type of experimental design method was used to investigate the main effect and interaction effect of experimental variables such as the initial dye concentration, monolithic HKUST-1 MOF mass, pH and sonication time while the dye removal percentage (R%) was considered as the response. A maximum removal efficiency of 83.4 and 94.9% for MG and EY pollutants, respectively, was obtained at the optimized settings at: 8.0 mg L−1 of EY, 8.0 mg L−1 of MG, 0.015 g of monolithic HKUST-1 MOF mass, 3.0 min sonication time and pH 6.0. A flexible mathematic relationship between the operational factor and responses was modelled by an artificial neural network (ANN). The model predicted results that show a good agreement with the experimental data. Absolute average deviations (AADs) of 1.07% and 0.49%, R2 values of 0.9974 and 0.9963 and mean square error (MSE) of 1.75 × 10−5 and 7.43 × 10−5 were obtained for the MG and EY models, respectively. Isotherm and kinetic investigations revealed that a pseudo second order and Langmuir isotherm model have the best behavior for both dye adsorptions onto monolithic HKUST-1 MOF.
Primary cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty by transtrochanteric approach in unstable intertrochanteric fractures

Background: The successful treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur in elderly patients is a challenge. Due to complications associated with internal fixation, primary hemiarthroplasty is increasingly becoming an alternative treatment to achieve early mobilisation. A transtrochanteric approach could potentially decrease the complications associated with primary hemiarthroplasty. Aim of the study is to document the postoperative outcome and complications associated with this treatment.Methods: In this retrospective study, all elderly patients with unstable trochanteric fractures, treated by primary hemiarthroplasty through a transtrochanteric approach, in a tertiary care centre, from September 2017 to December 2019, were enrolled. Their data from hospital records were analysed and results compared to literature.Results: 48 patients underwent the procedure. Average age was 85 years. One year mortality was 31.25%. Average duration of surgery is 85 min. 58.3% were ambulant at one year. One case of dislocation secondary to surgical site infection was present.Conclusions: Primary hemiarthroplasty as a primary treatment in this group of patients enables early mobilization and prevents complications associated with prolonged immobilization. Transtrochanteric approach reduces the duration of surgery. Achieving early ambulation is the key to successful treatment.
The Influence of Pay Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction, Competence, and Turnover Intention on the Service Quality of Honorary Employees in the Airport Operational Unit Office of Class III North Kalimantan

The study aims to determine the effect of pay satisfaction, employee job satisfaction, and competence on turnover intention and its impact on the service quality of honorary employees. The research method is quantitative research by the survey through questionnaires. The research sample was honorary employees in the Airport Operational Unit Office of Class III Kol. RA. Bessing Malinau, Tanjung Harapan, and Nunukan who have worked for more than 1 (one) year as many as 85 employees. The sampling technique in this study is a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. This research was conducted in September 2019 to February 2020. Data were analyzed using SEM PLS analysis. The results showed that pay satisfaction and job satisfaction had a significant and positive effect on service quality. Pay satisfaction, job satisfaction, and competence had a significant and negative effect on turnover intention. The turnover intention had a significant and negative effect on service quality. Pay satisfaction had a significant and indirect positive effect on service quality through turnover intention. Job satisfaction and competence did not have a significant indirect effect on service quality through turnover intention. Evaluation of employee satisfaction and competence in the organization is important to be carried out regularly. The most important thing is that this research will contribute to the body of knowledge, especially in human resource management science.
Livelihood Diversification of Forest Dwellers – A Necessity or Choice?

The forest as an ecosystem plays a vital role in protecting the environment and meeting indispensable human needs. Restrictions on forestry activities for safeguarding the environment and seasonality in collection often count for vulnerable livelihood of the forest-fringe dwellers. This paper is an attempt to assess the existing opportunities for livelihood diversification of the forest dwellers residing at the Simlipal National Park region, India, through the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index; and to determine the key factors responsible for the scopes and realization of livelihood diversification through econometric modeling. The analysis is done across blocks with having different forest-zonal geographies and human characteristics to comprehend and ensure sustainable livelihood for a better future. JEL Classification: C80, Q23, Q56, C50, Q01, Q2
Genetic Diversity for Yield and Yield Contributing Characters of Short Statured Maize Inbred Lines

Genetic diversity is one of the useful tools to select appropriate lines for hybridization. Twenty short-statured maize inbred lines were taken for present study, which were collected from CIMMYT India and Mexico through Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. This experiment was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016 to identify parental lines to produce single cross short statured maize hybrids. From the genetic diversity studies, the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions for the expression of yield and yield contributing characters were found. Values of vector I and II revealed that both the vectors had positive values for date of silking, plant height, rows/cob, grains/row and yield. These results indicated that these five characters had highest contribution towards divergence. Based on the relative magnitude of D2 values; 20 inbred lines were grouped into five clusters. Seven inbred lines were selected on the basis of genetic diversity and per se performance which will be crossed separately in a half-diallel fashion to develop hybrids.
Situation Awareness in Remote Operators of Autonomous Vehicles: Developing a Taxonomy of Situation Awareness in Video-Relays of Driving Scenes

Even entirely driverless vehicles will sometimes require remote human intervention. Existing SA frameworks do not acknowledge the significant human factors challenges unique to a driver in charge of a vehicle that they are not physically occupying. Remote operators will have to build up a mental model of the remote environment facilitated by monitor view and video feed. We took a novel approach to “freeze and probe” techniques to measure SA, employing a qualitative verbal elicitation task to uncover what people “see” in a remote scene when they are not constrained by rigid questioning. Participants (n = 10) watched eight videos of driving scenes randomized and counterbalanced across four road types (motorway, rural, residential and A road). Participants recorded spoken descriptions when each video stopped, detailing what was happening (SA Comprehension) and what could happen next (SA Prediction). Participant transcripts provided a rich catalog of verbal data reflecting clear interactions between different SA levels. This suggests that acquiring SA in remote scenes is a flexible and fluctuating process of combining comprehension and prediction globally rather than serially, in contrast to what has sometimes been implied by previous SA methodologies (Jones and Endsley, 1996; Endsley, 2000, 2017b). Inductive thematic analysis was used to categorize participants’ responses into a taxonomy aimed at capturing the key elements of people’s reported SA for videos of driving situations. We suggest that existing theories of SA need to be more sensitively applied to remote driving contexts such as remote operators of autonomous vehicles.
Bi-dimensional plume generated by the convective dissolution of an extended source of 
CO2

The dynamics of a bi-dimensional solutal plume generated by the convective dissolution of an extended source of carbon dioxide (CO2) is studied from both experimental and numerical standpoints. In the experiments, the CO2 is injected into a 1-mm-thick water filled Hele-Shaw cell at pressures ranging between 1 and 5 bars. The plume is visualized using a pH-sensitive dye, and the velocity field is measured by means of standard particle image velocimetry (PIV). Concentration and velocity fields are scrutinized over one order of magnitude in the Rayleigh number (Ra), and for two different values of the Darcy number (Da). In order to extend the explored range of these dimensionless numbers, experiments are complemented by a comprehenvive set of numerical simulations. At low Darcy numbers (Da 1), the numerical solution departs on several aspects from this solution and exhibits closer similarity to the analytical solution derived by Spalding and Cruddace [Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer. 3, 55 (1961)] for the case of a line source in a viscous fluid. As the introduction of an additional length scale (the lateral size of the source) in the problem allows for the definition of a length-based Rayleigh number Ra, the respective amplitudes of the plume velocity w, plume width sigma, and dimensionless total injection rate (i.e., the Nusselt number Nu) can be explicitly obtained as functions of Ra and Da. The scaling laws are reasonably close to those obtained from simple mass conservation considerations: (i) w similar to Ra, sigma similar to Ra-1/2, and Nu similar to Ra-1/2 for Ra Da 1. Although the concentration field measurements are marred by a large uncertainty due to the logarithmic nature of the pH-concentration relationship, the experimental data obtained from the PIV measurements show good agreement with the numerical results.
Revision to Kowalskia from the Houhecun Fauna and a New Discovery of Tscherskia (Cricetidae, Rodentia) from the Youhe Fauna of Weinan, Shaanxi Province, China

The fossil hamster (an isolated m1) from the early Early Pleistocene Houhecun fauna found in Dali, Weinan, Shaanxi, China, originally identified as Kowalskia dalinica, is reexamined. Its unique characters, including a high crown, very small degree of division of the anteroconid and relatively large size, is taken as evidence of its attribution to the genus Sinocricetus, instead of Kowalskia (junior synonym of Neocricetodon) suggested by the original author. Therefore, the specific name of the species established based on this m1 should be changed to S. dalinicus (Wang, 1988). S. dalinicus probably has a relatively close affinity with S. major Li, 2010, but there are still some obvious differences of characters between them. The discovery of S. dalinicus in the Houhecun fauna confirms that the genus indeed survived into the Pleistocene. A broken hamster mandible, which was found in Weinan, Shaanxi, China and belongs to the late Pliocene Youhe fauna, is also described here and identified as Tscherskia sp. This specimen represents the earliest Tscherskia in Asia so far, but fails to refute the hypothesis that the genus originated in Europe during the early Pliocene.
Isomorphic Substitutions in Clay Materials and Adsorption of Metal Ions onto External Surfaces: A DFT Investigation

Clay materials show particular adsorption performances while the mechanisms and influencing factors remain largely elusive, which are presently tackled by DFT calculations. Isomorphic substitutions pervasive in clay materials may bring about critical impacts on the adsorption processes. Octahedral substitutions in montmorillonite occur preferentially at specific T sites (referred to as octahedral or tetrahedral sites) or evenly at different T sites, which depend strongly on the ionic radii of heteroatoms. Structural perturbations resulting from isomorphic substitutions and substitution energies generally increase with ionic radii, except Be2+/Al3+ substitutions that cause structural collapses. Octahedral rather than tetrahedral substitutions are preferred, and, compared with montmorillonite, octahedral substitutions in hectorite are more facile while tetrahedral substitutions are more difficult; furthermore, hectorite exhibits superior adsorption performances. The second heteroatoms are always more diffic.
Design and remote collaboration control of asymmetric rigid-flexible hybrid-driven lower limb rehabilitation robot

A double-end lower limb rehabilitation robot is introduced in the paper, which can realize the rehabilitation training of the abduction and abduction, internal rotation and external rotation of human lower limb. The kinematics and dynamics of the robot are analyzed. Based on the motion trajectory planning of the lower limb rehabilitation robot, the motion state and dynamic state of the cable are analyzed. In order to realize the good remote cooperative control between the rehabilitation physician terminal and the patient rehabilitation terminal, the bilateral PD control method and the patient terminal force feedback control method based on the absolute stability theory are analyzed by using the dual-port network model. The simulation results show that the performance of the patient terminal force feedback control method is excellent when the force on the moving platform and the external interference force are changed suddenly. The mapping model of double-ended mechanism is established in the SimMechanics. The simulation results show that the mapping model of double-ended mechanism has a good position tracking ability and their workspaces can meet the requirements of trajectory mapping. The remote collaborative rehabilitation training experiment was done on the established experimental platform. The experimental result shows that the experiment system has a good tracking performance under the guidance of the patient terminal force feedback control method. The feasibility and operability of the remote rehabilitation cooperation technology are verified.
Efecto de la escucha de música activante previa a la adquisición de información visual emocional

La memoria es la función cognitiva que permite a los individuos adquirir, almacenar y evocar información de acuerdo con determinados objetivos y exigencias del entorno. Diferentes agentes exógenos pueden alterar los procesos involucrados, aumentando o reduciendo la magnitud del recuerdo, proceso que se conoce como modulación. Entre ellos, las intervenciones basadas en música, de producción y percepción musical, han mostrado ser capaces de modular la fase de consolidación de la memoria. Sin embargo, la evidencia acerca de su efecto modulador en la fase de adquisición es escasa. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar si la percepción de música activante afectaría la adquisición de contenido visual emocional y neutro en adultos jóvenes. Sesenta adultos/as jóvenes (M = 25.09, DT = 2.45) fueron divididos en tres grupos: un grupo escuchó una pieza musical clásica, otro grupo escuchó piezas musicales de preferencia personal y el grupo control escuchó ruido blanco. Cada uno de ellos fue expuesto al fragmento sonoro correspondiente, por tres minutos, e inmediatamente después las/os participantes observaron un set de 36 imágenes (emocionales y neutras), valorando la valencia (positiva, negativa o neutra) y el nivel de activación generado por cada una de ellas (en una escala del 0 al 9). Posteriormente, se evaluó la memoria para las imágenes a través de dos tareas (recuerdo libre y reconocimiento) de manera inmediata a la adquisición y luego de un período de siete días (medida diferida). Los resultados indicaron que la percepción musical implementada de manera previa a la adquisición de contenido visual no alteró su recuerdo. En contraste con los antecedentes, estos hallazgos demuestran que las intervenciones basadas en percepción musical tienen efectos diferenciales en las fases de la formación de la traza mnémica, lo que aporta especificidad a la temática y brinda evidencia para aquellas disciplinas que utilizan la música como recurso en salud y educación.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Surgical Education: A Monocentric Survey of Residents Training in Surgical Specialties

BACKGROUND: This study aims to identify the effects of the COVID-19 on surgical resident education at University Laval during first wave of the pandemic of spring 2020.METHODS: We conducted a web-based survey study to all residents training within one of the ten surgical specialties at University Laval, Quebec City. The survey focused on clinical teaching hours, appreciation of activities and novelties experienced and the impacts of virtual teaching. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to summarize the data.RESULTS: There were 48 surgical residents who responded to our survey. There were participants from ten specialties. During the pandemic the mean number of weekly teaching hours dropped from 4.31 to 3.69 hours. The most appreciated activity was teaching sessions lead by a staff surgeon. More than 80% of respondents reported having partaken in other activities at some time during an online class while over 70% expressed retaining less when material was taught online rather than in person.CONCLUSION: Our survey provides insight for surgical programs to improve resident teaching and illustrates the necessity to optimize teaching schedules rapidly in times of pandemic. Even though the appreciation of virtual learning seems unsatisfactory by certain residents, trainees still require and appreciate teaching by their mentors.
CEK SIMILARITY DAYA IRITASI DAN SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN SALEP MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA CENGKEH (Syzigium aromaticum) PADA BASIS HIDROKARBON

ABSTRAK Minyak atsiri bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) dengan senyawa aktif eugenol telah banyak diteliti dan diketahui berkhasiat sebagai antiinflamasi, dan penelitian lanjutan terkait formulasinya terus dilakukan. Formula yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini adalah bentuk sediaan topikal salep dengan menggunakan basis hidrokarbon (Vaselin album dan Paraffin liquidum). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik dan daya iritasi dari sediaan salep minyak atsiri bunga cengkeh (MABC) jika digunakan basis hidrokarbon. Salep dibuat dengan metode peleburan dengan konsentrasi MABC 5% (F1), 10% (FII) dan 15% (FIII). Salep dari ketiga formula ini kemudian dievaluasi sifat fisiknya, meliputi daya sebar, daya lekat dan pH. Selain itu dievaluasi juga sifat iritatifnya pada kulit dengan menggunakan hewan uji marmut jantan dengan metode Draize test. Data percobaan yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara statistik dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil uji statistik dengan uji LSD menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antar formula. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi MABC, menyebabkan makin besar daya sebar (p 0,05). Hasil uji iritasi Draize test menunjukkan pula bahwa salep basis hidrokarbon dengan konsentrasi MABC 5%, 10% dan 15% tidak menimbulkan efek iritasi. Kata kunci : Syzygium aromaticum, eugenol, basis salep hidrokarbon, antiinflamasi.
Tax Rates and Tax Revenues in the Context of Tax Competitiveness

The diverse tax burdens and economic situations of EU member states are causing investors to relocate their investments to countries that offer better tax conditions and a better economic environment. The total amount of corporate tax revenue is therefore influenced by tax, macroeconomic and other indicators. This paper assesses the importance of tax revenues and tax rates in the context of tax competitiveness in EU states. The aim of the paper is to determine the impact of selected indicators on corporate tax revenues in EU states for the period 2004 to 2019. The source data were drawn from the databases of the European Commission (2021) and The World Bank (2021). The set goal was complemented by an analysis of tax rates and subsequent comparison with corporate tax revenues. Multiple regression analysis was performed to achieve the goal. Two econometric models were compiled that followed the same variables, with the EU13 model dealing with the new member states and the EU15 model dealing with the old EU member states. The results showed that the variables statutory and average effective tax rate do not have a decisive influence on corporate tax revenues in either model. In the new states, the unemployment rate has the most statistically significant effect, while in the old countries GDP has the biggest effect. The result of this work is that there are differences between the new and old member states at different levels, which was ultimately reflected in the different impact of tax and macroeconomic indicators on corporate tax revenues.