Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in the composition of gut and vaginal microbiota in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis

Background Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is influenced by estrogen metabolism and immune response, which are modulated by several factors including the microbiome and inflammation. Therefore, there is increasing interest in understanding the role of microbiota in PMO. Objectives To investigate variations in gut microbiota (GM) and vaginal microbiota (VM) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Methods A total of 132 postmenopausal women were recruited for the study and divided into osteoporosis (n = 34), osteopenia (n = 47), and control (n = 51) groups based on their T score. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing was performed to investigate the GM and VM of the participants. Results Significant differences were observed in the microbial compositions of fecal and vaginal samples between groups (p < 0.05). It was noted that for GM, Romboutsia, unclassified_Mollicutes, and Weissella spp. were enriched in the control group, whereas the abundances of Fusicatenibacter, Lachnoclostridium, and Megamonas spp. were higher in the osteoporosis group than in the other groups. Additionally, for VM, Lactobacillus was enriched in the control group, whereas the abundances of Peptoniphilus, Propionimicrobium, and Gallicola spp. were higher in the osteoporosis group than in the other groups. The predicted functional capacities of GM and VM were different in the various groups. We also found that the serum level of IL-10 in the osteoporosis group was significantly lower than that in the control group and osteopenia group, while TNF-α was significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The results show that changes in BMD in postmenopausal women are associated with the changes in GM and VM; however, changes in GM are more closely correlated with PMO than VM.
Intralipid fails to rescue bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity in late-pregnant rats

Background Females routinely receive bupivacaine for obstetric and regional anesthesia. An accidental overdose of bupivacaine can result in cardiotoxicity and cardiac arrest. Intralipid (ILP) rescues bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity in male rats. However, bupivacaine cardiotoxicity and ILP rescue have not been studied in non-pregnant and late-pregnant female rats. Here, we tested the hypothesis that an appropriate dose of ILP would rescue non-pregnant and late-pregnant rats from bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods Non-pregnant (n = 6) and late-pregnant (n = 7) female rats received intravenous bupivacaine (10-mg/kg bolus) to induce asystole. Resuscitation with 20% ILP (5-ml/kg actual body weight, single bolus, and 0.5-ml/kg/min maintenance) and chest compressions were continued for 10-min. Serial heart rate (HR), left ventricular ejection-fraction (LVEF%), and LV-fractional shortening (LVFS%) were recorded at baseline and 10-min after bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest. Data are mean ± SD followed by 95% CI. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results All rats developed cardiac arrest within a few seconds after bupivacaine. All non-pregnant rats were successfully rescued by ILP, with a HR of 280 ± 32 bpm at baseline vs. 212 ± 18 bpm at 10-min post ILP (p < 0.01), LVEF of 70 ± 6% vs. 68 ± 5% (p = ns), and LVFS of 41 ± 5% vs. 39 ± 4% (p = ns). Interestingly, 6 out of 7 late-pregnant rats did not recover with ILP. Baseline HR, LVEF and LVFS for late-pregnant rats were 330 ± 40 bpm, 66 ± 5% and 38 ± 4%, respectively. At 10-min post ILP, the HR, LVEF, and LVFS were 39 ± 102 bpm (p < 0.0001), 8 ± 22% (p < 0.0001), and 5 ± 12% (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions ILP successfully rescued bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest in non-pregnant rats, but failed to rescue late-pregnant rats.
Does mobile money services adoption improves tax revenue mobilization in developing countries?

: Mobile money services (MM) have undergone unprecedented development in many developing countries in recent years, offering a large set of payment services and contributing to financial inclusion. Using a propensity score matching methodology and data for 103 developing countries, we study the causal effect of MM P2G’s and MPAY’s services adoption on respectively direct and indirect tax revenue. We find that the average treatment on the treated (ATT) is positive and significant, meaning that countries that adopted P2G (MPAY) services collect more direct (indirect) tax revenue compared to non-adopters. Considering direct tax revenue composition, we find that the effect of P2G services adoption is positive and significant for both corporate and personal income tax revenue but higher on the latter. For the adoption of MPAY services, we find that the effect is positive and significant on only VAT revenue. The results show that the ATT is positive and significant for low-income and low middle-income countries and countries with a low level of bureaucratic quality, socio-economic conditions, urbanization, and a high level of corruption. The findings highlight the capacity of MM to promote financial inclusion and facilitate transparency and tax compliance in most vulnerable countries, enhancing them to improve their tax revenue collection. respectively. The effect on direct tax revenue is greater than that on indirect tax revenue, for which the significant effect is driven by Value Added Tax (VAT) revenue. Moreover, the results show that the positive and significant effect is observed for low-income and lower-middle-income countries only. We also found that countries with high corruption, bad socioeconomic conditions, low bureaucracy quality, and low urbanization exhibit a significant effect on both tax revenue.
Quench levels and transient beam losses in LHC magnets

The last evaluation of quench levels related to transient beam losses was done in 1987 [1]. The subject is reevaluated with a more detailed approach of the thermodynamics of the superconducting cables in response to a transient heat load associated to beam losses. CERN{SL Division CERN{LHC Division Formerly CERN{SL Division, now at Siemens-Matsushita OHG, Deutschlandsberg,Austria jbj@mail.cern. ch Administrative Secretariat LHC Division CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland Geneva, 29 July 1996
Solutions of the second and fourth Painlevé equations, I

Abstract A rigorous proof of the irreducibility of the second and fourth Painlevé equations is given by applying Umemura’s theory on algebraic differential equations ([26], [27], [28]) to the two equations. The proof consists of two parts: to determine a necessary condition for the parameters of the existence of principal ideals invariant under the Hamiltonian vector field; to determine the principal invariant ideals for a parameter where the principal invariant ideals exist. Our method is released from complicated calculation, and applicable to the proof of the irreducibility of the third, fifth and sixth equation (e.g. [32]).
Retrieval of Atmospheric CFC-11 and CFC-12 from High-resolution FTIR Observations at Hefei and Comparisons with Satellite Data

Synthetic halogenated organic chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) play an important role in stratospheric ozone 20 depletion, and contribute signiﬁcantly to the greenhouse effect. In this work, the mid-infrared solar spectra measured by ground-based high-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to retrieve atmospheric CFC-11 (CCl 3 F) and CFC-12 (CCl 2 F 2 ) at Hefei, China. We implemented a new retrieval strategy, and analyzed the retrieval errors. The CFC-11 columns observed from January 2017 to December 2020 and CFC-12 columns from September 2015 to December 2020 show a similar annual decreasing trend and seasonal cycle, with an 11 measured from ACE-FTS and calculated by WACCM are (−1.15 ± 0.22) % and (−1.68 ± 0.18) %, respectively. The interannual decreasing rates of atmospheric CFC-11 obtained from ACE-FTS and WACCM data are higher than that from 35 FTIR observations. Also, the annual decreasing rate of CFC-12 from ACE-FTS and WACCM is (–0.85 ± 0.15) % and (–0.81 ± 0.05) %, respectively, close to the corresponding values from the FTIR measurements. Further, the total columns of CFC-11 observed at the Hefei site are very close to those at St. Petersburg station, with a mean difference of 3.63 × 10 12 molec·cm -2 , while the total columns of CFC-12 are 1.69 × 10 14 molec·cm -2 , slightly higher than those at St. Petersburg station.
Language Patterns and Behaviour of the Peer Supporters in Multilingual Healthcare Conversational Forums

In this work, we conduct a quantitative linguistic analysis of the language usage patterns of multilingual peer supporters in two health-focused WhatsApp groups in Kenya comprising of youth living with HIV. Even though the language of communication for the group was predominantly English, we observe frequent use of Kiswahili, Sheng and code-mixing among the three languages. We present an analysis of language choice and its accommodation, different functions of code-mixing, and relationship between sentiment and code-mixing. To explore the effectiveness of off-the-shelf Language Technologies (LT) in such situations, we attempt to build a sentiment analyzer for this dataset. Our experiments demonstrate the challenges of developing LT and therefore effective interventions for such forums and languages. We provide recommendations for language resources that should be built to address these challenges.
Reasoning with Portuguese Word Embeddings

Representing words with semantic distributions to create ML models is a widely used technique to perform Natural Language processing tasks. In this paper, we trained word embedding models with different types of Portuguese corpora, analyzing the influence of the models’ parameterization, the corpora size, and domain. Then we validated each model with the classical evaluation methods available: four words analogies and measurement of the similarity of pairs of words. In addition to these methods, we proposed new alternative techniques to validate word embedding models, presenting new resources for this purpose. Finally, we discussed the obtained results and argued about some limitations of the word embedding models’ evaluation methods.
Rainfall Intensity Estimation from CML Link Data

Since 2006 researches are trying to find a good model for rain intensity estimation based on commercial microwave links CMLs signal attenuation data. For a long time models were using a powerlaw based algorithm. Recent development showed that a recurrent neural network based model can outperform them. Our goal is to investigate different, on neural network based, concept, namely the convolutional neural network CNN. We build a wet-dry classification model and analyzed its performance on real data retrieved over 3 years from 28 CMLs located in Prague. Our analysis shows that it can reach F1-scores over 0.98 for rain intensities I, I > 2mm hr and that it has still room for improvement for 0mm hr < I ≤ 2 mm hr . Our results are also comparable to the recently published CML model by Polz et al. [16]. In the second part we build a CNN based rain estimation model and its results are competitive with the latest stateof-the-art GRU driven model introduced by Habi et al. [9]. We present different variations of our approach and compare all results. Our research shows that a CNN based model is another promising candidate in the search of an all-round, well performing and CML independent rain estimating model.
On rigidity of abstract root systems of Coxeter systems

We introduce and study a combinatorially defined notion of root basis of a (real) root system of a possibly infinite Coxeter group. Known results on conjugacy up to sign of root bases of certain irreducible finite rank real root systems are extended to abstract root bases, to a larger class of real root systems, and, with a short list of (genuine) exceptions, to infinite rank irreducible Coxeter systems.
Synthesis of the isotopes of elements 118 and 116 in the 249Cf and 245Cm+48Ca fusion reactions

The decay properties of {sup 290}116 and {sup 291}116, and the dependence of their production cross sections on the excitation energies of the compound nucleus, {sup 293}116, have been measured in the {sup 245}Cm({sup 48}Ca,xn){sup 293-x}116 reaction. These isotopes of element 116 are the decay daughters of element 118 isotopes, which are produced via the {sup 249}Cf+{sup 48}Ca reaction. They performed the element 118 experiment at two projectile energies, corresponding to {sup 297}118 compound nucleus excitation energies of E* = 29.2 {+-} 2.5 and 34.4 {+-} 2.3 MeV. During an irradiation with a total beam dose of 4.1 x 10{sup 19} {sup 48}Ca projectiles, three similar decay chains consisting of two or three consecutive {alpha} decays and terminated by a spontaneous fission (SF) with high total kinetic energy of about 230 MeV were observed. The three decay chains originated from the even-even isotope {sup 294}118 (E{sub {alpha}} = 11.65 {+-} 0.06 MeV, T{sub {alpha}} = 0.89{sub -0.31}{sup +1.07} ms) produced in the 3n-evaporation channel of the {sup 249}Cf+{sup 48}Ca reaction with a maximum cross section of 0.5{sub -0.3}{sup +1.6} pb.
Review and test of methods for determination of the Schottky diode parameters

This paper deals with the extraction of the Schottky diode parameters from a current-voltage characteristic. 10 analytical methods, 2 numerical methods, and 4 evolutionary algorithms of the series resistance, barrier height, and ideality factor determination are reviewed. The accuracy of the methods is quantified using a wide range of both ideal and noisy synthetic data. In addition, the influencing factors of the parameters extraction accuracy are estimated. The adaptive procedure, which improves the precision of analytical Gromov's method, is suggested. The use of Lambert W function has been shown to reduce the error of parameter extraction by numerical method. Finally, all methods are applied to experimental data. The most reliable and preferred methods are chosen.
Journal Pre-proof of and has the on corticospinal excitability

Background: Neural oscillations in the primary motor cortex (M1) shape corticospinal 19 excitability. Power and phase of ongoing mu (8-13 Hz) and beta (14-30 Hz) activity may mediate 20 motor cortical output. However, the functional dynamics of both mu and beta phase and power 21 relationships and their interaction, are largely unknown. 22 Objective: Here, we employ recently developed real-time targeting of the mu and beta rhythm, to 23 apply phase-specific brain stimulation and probe motor corticospinal excitability non-invasively. 24 For this, we used instantaneous read-out and analysis of ongoing oscillations, targeting four 25 different phases (0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°) of mu and beta rhythms with suprathreshold single- 26 pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to M1. Ensuing motor evoked potentials (MEPs) 27 in the right first dorsal interossei muscle were recorded. Twenty healthy adults took part in this 28 double-blind randomized crossover study. 29 Results: Mixed model regression analyses showed significant phase-dependent modulation of 30 corticospinal output by both mu and beta rhythm. Strikingly, these modulations exhibit a double 31 dissociation. MEPs are larger at the mu trough and rising phase and smaller at the peak and 32 falling phase. For the beta rhythm we found the opposite behavior. Also, mu power, but not beta 33 power, was positively correlated with corticospinal output. Power and phase effects did not 34 interact for either rhythm, suggesting independence between these aspects of oscillations. 35 Conclusion: Our results provide insights into real-time motor cortical oscillation dynamics, 36 which offers the opportunity to improve the effectiveness of TMS by specifically targeting 37 different frequency bands.
Practice and associated factors of Glasgow Coma Scale assessment among nurses working in adult intensive care units of federally administered hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background & Aim: The Glasgow Coma Scale is a helpful instrument for measuring patients’ level of consciousness with neurosurgical disorders. Literature showed a majority of nurses don’t believe the Glasgow Coma Scale assessment is their area of practice. This study aimed to examine the Glasgow Coma Scale assessment practice and associated factors among nurses working in adult intensive care units of federally administered hospitals Methods & Materials: : Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on conventionally selected 126 nurses working in adult intensive care units. Six clinical scenarios were used to assess practice, and those who correctly answered at least four scenario questions out of 6 practical scenario questions for the Glasgow Coma Scale assessment were considered good practice. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square test was applied to examine the variables affecting Glasgow Coma Scale practice. Furthermore, the proportions of categorical variables’ replies were contrasted among the various groups. Result: With a response rate of 96.03%, 121 nurses participated in the study. (53.7%) was males. In this study, the overall good Glasgow Coma Scale assessment practice of intensive care units nurses was 47.1%. Lack of training (77.7%), job overload (73.6%), and insufficient knowledge and skills (61.2 %) are barriers for nurses to assess Glasgow Coma Scale. Conclusion: In this, only nearly half of the participants displayed good practice on the Glasgow Coma Scale. Sex and educational status were both found to be significant factors in nurses’ Glasgow Coma Scale assessment practice.
Monitoring Anti-PEG Antibodies Level upon Repeated Lipid Nanoparticle-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Administration

PEGylated lipids are one of the four constituents of lipid nanoparticle mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, various concerns have been raised on the generation of anti-PEG antibodies and their potential role in inducing hypersensitivity reactions following vaccination or in reducing vaccine efficacy due to anti-carrier immunity. Here, we assess the prevalence of anti-PEG antibodies, in a cohort of vaccinated individuals, and give an overview of their time evolution after repeated vaccine administrations. Results indicate that, in our cohort, the presence of PEG in the formulation did not influence the level of anti-Spike antibodies generated upon vaccination and was not related to any reported, serious adverse effects. The time-course analysis of anti-PEG IgG showed no significant booster effect after each dose, whereas for IgM a significant increase in antibody levels was detected after the first and third dose. Data suggest that the presence of PEG in the formulation does not affect safety or efficacy of lipid-nanoparticle-based COVID-19 vaccines.
Why efforts to fight corruption can undermine the social contract: Lessons from a survey experiment in Nigeria

Anticorruption awareness raising efforts are designed to encourage citizens to resist and report corruption but have been found to either not work or have unwanted effects—including increasing bribe payment. This article represents the first test of whether these efforts also undermine critical aspects of a society's social contract, namely, willingness to pay tax. Using a household level survey experiment in Lagos, Nigeria, we assess whether exposure to five messages about (anti)corruption influence citizens' belief that they have a duty to pay taxes, or “tax morale”. Though they were different in tone and content, four of the five messages under-mined tax morale. We argue that this is likely because anti-corruption messages raise awareness of corruption risks, and hence concerns that taxes will be wasted. In turn, this highlights a new potential unintended and unwanted consequence of policy interventions that focus on raising awareness of government failings.
Detection of moderate anthelmintic resistance in Clostantel and Macrocyclic lactone in organized central sheep breeding farm of Haryana, India

: This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of currently used anthelmintics in organized central breeding sheep farm (CSBF) in Hisar, Haryana using faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). A total of 60 sheep were chosen for this study and divided equally into four groups. Sheep were tested with closantel (@10mg/kg body weight) and two derivatives of macrocyclic lactone, moxidectin and doramectin (@0.2mg/kg body weight) while the control group did not receive any treatment. Sheep were naturally infected with gastro-intestinal nematodes and having EPG of faeces more than 150 counts before treatment were selected. Rectal faecal samples were collected on zero (pre-treatment) and 14th day (post-treatment) from animals of all groups and EPG of faeces were carried out by modified McMaster technique. In FECRT, reduction of faecal egg count (FEC) of less than 95%, indicate anthelmintic resistance (AR) in one or more nematode genera for the given anthelmintic. Per cent of FEC on 14 th day revealed that closantel, moxidectin and doramectin had 64%, 69% and 76% efficacy, respectively. Coprocultures from pre- and post-treated sheep revealed predominance Haemonchus contortus larvae. The result indicated development of moderate anthelmintic resistance against three anthelmintics, leading to change of anthelminthic drugs and regular monitoring for possible anthelmintic resistance in the
Comments on the geophysics paper -- Multiparameter l(1) norm waveform fitting: Interpretation of Gulf of Mexico reflection seismograms: by H. Djikpesse and A. Tarantola

In their recent paper, Djikpesse and Tarantola (Geophysics 65 (4) pp. 1023-1035, hereinafter D and T) raise a central question about geophysical inversion: how accurately must the physics of seismic waves in the Earth be modeled in order that inversion succeed? Two general criteria for successful inversion appear in D and T's discussion: fit of predicted to observed data, and prediction of Earth structure. The hypothesis underlying inversion is that these criteria are unextricably linked, so that data fit should lead to accurate inference of subsurface features. The authors have also worked on the data discussed in D and T, using different modeling choices and inversion algorithms but also achieving quite successful inversions, in both senses. They feel that a brief comparison of methods and results might highlight the subtle relation between accuracy in modeling and success in inversion as well as raising questions about the appropriateness of D and T's modeling and inversion choices.
Personal Intelligence Is Evident in the Sophistication of People’s Narratives about Personality

Personal intelligence concerns the ability to understand personality in oneself and others—including the understanding of motives, socioemotional traits, and abilities. We examined if people’s scores on the ability-based Test of Personal Intelligence (TOPI) would be reflected in their narratives about someone whose personality they had learned about. In a Preliminary Study (N = 220), we collected narratives and open-ended descriptions about their learning. In Study 1 (N = 212), experts rated the respondents’ open-ended narratives for their sophistication about personality, defined as their knowledge and complexity of thought around the topic. Respondents also filled out checklists concerning what they learned and their relationship outcomes. Study 2 (N = 299) was a replication and extension in which we added the TOPI. Participants who scored higher on the TOPI produced narratives higher in Sophistication, even after statistical controls for Word Count and Vocabulary (the measures also were largely independent of the Big Five). The findings here may have applications for both testing and training.