Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What have we learned about how to prevent and treat antibody‐mediated rejection in kidney transplantation?

Antibody‐mediated rejection (ABMR) in kidney transplantation is a major cause of late graft loss, and despite all efforts to date the “standard of care” remains plasmapheresis, IVIg, and steroids, which itself is based on low quality evidence. This review focuses on the risk factors leading to memory and de novo donor‐specific antibody (DSA)‐associated ABMR, the optimal prevention strategies for ABMR, and advances in adjunctive and emerging therapies for ABMR. Because new agents require regulatory approval via a Phase 3 randomized control trial (RCT), an overview of progress in innovative trial design for ABMR is provided. Finally, based on the insights gained in the biology of ABMR, current knowledge gaps are identified for future research that could significantly affect our understanding of how to optimally treat ABMR.
Treatment of COVID 19—Repurposing drugs commonly used in dermatology

For the last two decades, the outbreaks of diseases caused by coronaviruses and intermittent worldwide public health emergences have reminded us that they still represent a severe threat to global health. The recent outbreak of corona virus disease 19 (COVID‐19) highlighted the urgent need for effective treatment, and initiated rapid search for therapies, able to counter the most severe disease effects. Many aspects of COVID‐19 pathogenesis are unknown, but complex interplay of direct viral damage and immune response dysregulation is underline. Intensive research is undergoing for therapeutic targets of virus and high‐efficiency and low toxicity targeted drugs. There is no available specific antiviral treatment of this disease, therefore repurposing of drugs already available for the treatment of other viral and autoimmune diseases has been a part of research efforts. Well known anti‐inflammatory properties of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, agents widely used in dermatology, made them potential candidates for the treatment of COVID‐19. We review pathogenesis and clinical characteristic of COVID‐19, as well as treatment options that have been under evaluation in past several months. In addition, we focus more on chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, their pharmacological properties, clinical utility, and current recommendations for their use in COVID‐19.
Purinergic Receptors of the Central Nervous System: Biology, PET Ligands, and Their Applications

Purinergic receptors play important roles in central nervous system (CNS). These receptors are involved in cellular neuroinflammatory responses that regulate functions of neurons, microglial and astrocytes. Based on their endogenous ligands, purinergic receptors are classified into P1 or adenosine, P2X and P2Y receptors. During brain injury or under pathological conditions, rapid diffusion of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or uridine triphosphate (UTP) from the damaged cells, promote microglial activation that result in the changes in expression of several of these receptors in the brain. Imaging of the purinergic receptors with selective Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radioligands has advanced our understanding of the functional roles of some of these receptors in healthy and diseased brains. In this review, we have accumulated a list of currently available PET radioligands of the purinergic receptors that are used to elucidate the receptor functions and participations in CNS disorders. We have also reviewed receptors lacking radiotracer, laying the foundation for future discoveries of novel PET radioligands to reveal these receptors roles in CNS disorders.
BOARDROOM DIVERSITY AND FIRMS’ FINANCIAL PERFOR- MANCE: A PROPOSED PRE AND POST ANALYSIS OF MCCG 2012

Though the previous literature exhibits wide theoretical as well as empirical contradictions regarding the relationship between boardroom diversity and firms’ financial performance, the regulators and policy makers still believe that firms’ performance is positively correlated with greater boardroom diversity. Subsequently, the newly introduced Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MCCG 2012) in March, 2012 recommended boardroom diversity among others for improving firms’ conformance and financial performance. However, the role of regulatory intervention for improving firms’ conformance and performance is also contradictory and controversial. Keeping in view all of these diverse arguments, the paper proposes further investigation of the relationship between boardroom diversity (gender & age) and financial performance (ROE & EPS) of the listed companies in Malaysia from 2010-2013 in pre and post context of the code. The proposed period explicitly represents 2 years pre and 2 years post enactment period of the new code.
InsideOut: Towards an Understanding of Designing Playful Experiences with Imaging Capsules

Imaging capsules are ingestible sensors that capture the video of one's gastrointestinal tract for medical diagnosis. We believe that the capsule's experiential perspective is often overlooked by associated medical applications. This work explores the design of this experiential perspective through combining imaging capsules with digital play. We designed a playful wearable system called "InsideOut", where users play with the real-time video of their gastrointestinal tract captured by an imaging capsule. Based on an in-the-wild study, we derived four themes articulating the play experiences and discussed key design implications to guide future playful designs using imaging capsules. Our research highlights the opportunity of using medical imaging technologies to enable intriguing bodily play experiences. Furthermore, such experiences can deepen the players' engagement with and understanding of their bodies, ultimately contributing to a more playful and humanized health care agenda.
Investigating the investors' herd behavior in five industries of Tehran Stock Exchange

This study examines the herding behavior of investors, during 2004-2009, using deviation of daily stock returns of average returns, in the portfolio of five sectors with the highest volume and the number of trading days in Tehran Stock Exchange. According to the non-linear model based on the cross-sectional absolute deviation (CSAD) by Chang (2000), the existence of herd behavior during upward and downward movements of the market index in five sectors is indicated. As a result, we found evidence of herd formations in four sectors. The herding behavior was not observed in the investment’s sector. It was also observed that return dispersions during extreme downside movements of the market are much lower than those for upside movements, indicating that stock returns behave more similarly during down markets.
Stakeholder pressure for sustainability: Can ‘innovative capabilities’ explain the idiosyncratic response in the manufacturing firms?

This study explores role of innovative capabilities in determining a manufacturing firm's response to stakeholder pressure for adopting sustainable practices. Drawing on the theory of conservatism, we delineate that the firm's response is idiosyncratic and undergirded in the nature of its innovative capabilities. Our empirical investigation reveals that the response to the stakeholder pressure is mediated by the nature of the firm's innovative capabilities. Indian manufacturing firms are identified as unit of analysis for this study. The individual manufacturing facilities implement the environmental practices. The findings suggest that the manufacturing firm's exposure to exploitative/exploratory innovative capabilities triggers sustainable behaviours with ephemeral focus and enduring focus. Further, the exploratory/exploitative innovation is capable of explaining idiosyncratic behaviour for the firms' sustainability practices adoption. The findings delineate, with analysis, that unlike China, regulatory stakeholder pressures in India inhibit the adoption of sustainable practices with enduring focus in manufacturing firms.
INFLUENCE OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEES’ BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES IN CULTURES WITH HIGH POWER DISTANCE ORIENTATION

Inadequacies of leadership character have resulted in failure of many businesses. Servant leadership is one of the character-driven leadership models that emerged to address these inadequacies but this leadership approach is found to be lesseffective in cultures with high power distance orientation. Drawing on conservation of resource theory and leader-member exchange theory, this study uses AMOS and PROCESS to perform confirmatory factor analysis and to test proposed hypotheses. Results show that servant leadership positively influences innovative work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior. However, this study does not find any support for power distance orientation as a moderator. High religiosity is the possible cause for such finding which gives direction for future research. This study has theoretical and practical implications.
Fabrication and Characteristics of Copper-Intermetallics Composites

The paper presents the results of research on the production and application of sintered copper matrix composite reinforced with titanium-copper intermetallic phases. Cu- Ti composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy. The starting materials for obtaining the sintered composites were commercial powders of copper and titanium. Experiments were carried out on specimens containing 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 % of titanium by weight. Finished powders mixtures containing appropriate quantities of titanium were subjected to single pressing with a hydraulic press at a compaction pressure of 620 MPa. Obtained samples were subjected to sintering process at 880 °C in an atmosphere of dissociated ammonia. The sintering time was 6 hours. The introduction of titanium into copper resulted in the formation of many particles containing intermetallic phases. The obtained sinters were subjected to hardness, density and electrical conductivity measurements. Observations of the microstructure on metallographic specimens made from the sintered compacts were also performed using a optical microscope. An analysis of the chemical composition (EDS) of the obtained composites was also performed using a scanning electron microscope. Microstructural investigations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed that after 6 hours of sintering at 880 ° C intermetallic compounds: TiCu, TiCu 2 , TiCu 4 , Ti 2 Cu 3 , Ti 3 Cu 4 were formed. The hardness increased in comparison with a sample made of pure copper whereas density and electrical conductivity decreased. The aim of this work was to fabricate copper matrix composites reinforced with titanium particles containing copper- titanium intermetallic phases using powder metallurgy technology and determine the influence of the titanium particles on the properties of the sintered compacts and, finally, analyse the potentials application for friction materials or electric motors brushes.
The Nexus of Street Trading and Juvenile Delinquency: A Study of Chanchaga Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria

lobally, the number of working children has been decreasing around the world in recent years, but child labour has continued to be a widespread problem today, especially in developing countries (Paola, Viviana, Flavia & Furio2007). International Programme on Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC 2016) reported that between 2012 to 2016, about 182 million children in the developing world aged 5-14 years were engaged in work. Against this background, governments, international organizations, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have focused their efforts on tackling in particular the worst forms of child labour such as forced and bonded labour, which put children in physically and mentally harmful working conditions (Bunnak 2007).
FINANCIAL LIBERALISATION AND MONETARY CONTROL REFORM IN MAURITIUS

Financial liberalisation has been prominent in the economic agenda of policymakers since the late 1980s as part of the overall strategy of economic liberalisation. A gradual and cautious approach has been adopted towards financial deregulation in the implementation of financial reforms and institutional changes in the economy. A major institutional change has been the reorientation of monetary policy implementation towards increasing reliance on market-based techniques. This paper analyses the effectiveness of this policy change.
Development of Participation in and Identification With School: Associations With Truancy

This longitudinal study covering two educational transitions examined 1,821 Finnish students’ participation in and identification with school and their associations with students’ academic achievement and truancy. The students were surveyed (a) at the end of primary school, (b) at the beginning of lower secondary school, (c) at the end of lower secondary school, and (d) in the first year of upper secondary education. In alignment with the participation-identification model, higher levels of participation in school activities at the end of primary school predicted higher levels of identification (i.e., feelings of belonging and valuing school) at the end of lower secondary school. This association was mediated by academic achievement. High levels of both participation and identification at the end of lower secondary school predicted lower levels of truancy in upper secondary education. The study indicates that promoting students’ participation and identification during comprehensive school prevents student disengagement from upper secondary education.
Imperfect Competition and Rents in Labor and Product Markets: The Case of the Construction Industry

The primary goal of our paper is to quantify the importance of imperfect competition in the U.S. construction industry by estimating the size of rents earned by American firms and workers. To obtain a comprehensive measure of the total rents and to understand its sources, we take into account that rents may arise both due to markdown of wages and markup of prices. Our analyses combine the universe of U.S. business and worker tax records with newly collected records from U.S. procurement auctions. We first examine how firms respond to a plausibly exogenous shift in product demand through a difference-in-differences design that compares first-time procurement auction winners to the firms that lose, both before and after the auction. Motivated and guided by these estimates, we next develop, identify, and estimate a model where construction firms compete with one another for projects in the product market and for workers in the labor market. The firms may participate both in the private market and in government projects, the latter of which are procured through first-price sealed-bid auctions. We find that American construction firms have significant wage- and price-setting power. This imperfect competition generates a considerable amount of rents, two-thirds of which is captured by the firms. Lastly, we use the estimated model to perform counterfactual analyses which reveal how increases in the market power of firms, in the product market or the labor market, would affect the outcomes and behavior of workers and firms in the construction industry.
Assessment of Genetic Variability and Population Structure of Five Rabbit Breeds by Microsatellites Markers Associated with Genes. J. World Poult. Res., 10 (2S): 125-132. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2020.17;

The present study was intended to estimate the specific genetic variants by using nine genetic markers among five rabbit breeds (New Zealand White, California, Chinchilla, Flander, and Babion) in Egypt. A total of 128 animals were used (19-35 rabbits per breed). A total of 97 alleles were detected across the breeds and the average number of alleles per locus was 2.16±0.11. Five private alleles were present in Babion breed, where the locus INRACCDDV0023 had two private alleles of 293 and 297 base pairs with allele frequencies of 0.4 and 0.1, respectively. The INRACCDDV0036, INRACCDDV0304, and INRACCDDV0241 loci had private allele for each (185bp (freq: 0.24), 197 (freq: 0.47), and 137bp (freq: 0.26), respectively). The mean of He values ranged from 0.35±0.06 to 0.49±0.07. The average of the polymorphic information content was 0.41 (ranged from 0.298 at INRACCDDV0211 to 0.599 at INRACCDDV0036 locus). To estimate the genetic deviation of the five rabbit breeds, two parameters were evaluated: genetic differentiation (FST), and genetic distance. The FST values varied from 0.029 (INRACCDDV0036) to 0.785 (INRACCDDV0022). The similarity matrix showed that the Chinchilla breed was distinct from other breeds. In addition, among the nine loci, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was highly significant for five loci. Therefore, the rabbit breeds are good reservoirs of allelic diversity that is the major basis for genetic improvement. Consequently, the breeders need a formal conservation plan for such breeds that are in danger of extinction in near future.
9. Khisa.pmd

This article analyses the evolution, reproduction, and sustenance of what I refer to as the ‘informal state’ in Uganda – a distinct mode of organising and broadcasting power that simultaneously centralises and fragments the state system. The ‘informal state’ is manifest in the construction of structures parallel to the legal and constitutional ones. This article departs from other studies of stateness in Africa that accent colonial legacies, illicit economic activities, and social conflict in accounting for the so called ‘African state’ that supposedly fails to approximate to the model (modern) state. Instead I argue that Uganda’s ‘informal state’ is a consequence of three key factors: the country’s postindependence experience with wide-spread insecurity and political instability in the 1970s and 1980s, the belief in militarism as an ideology by the new (post1986) group of rulers along with the imperatives of retention of political power, and foreign-aid flows as reward for embracing neoliberal economic reforms. The article also shows that the ‘informal state’ system reproduces its survival and legitimates its rule through maintaining aspects of legal-rational state structures, ceding power to varied constituencies as well as expanding the patronage network through the creation of numerous agencies.
BACTERIAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH INFECTED ROOT CANALS

The infections of root canal are assorted and specific infections with a popular of anaerobic bacteria. The study was examine the presence of P. intermedia in 1st and 2nd endodontic visits by traditional culture and (PCR) method. A total of 48 patients aged 33 to 56 years old were convoluted in this work. About 26 and 22 of them were in 1st and 2nd visit of endodontic treatment respectively. Then detection of P. intermedia in infected root canals of both groups were studied using selective media and methods of polymerase chain reaction. The forty eight patients existing infected root canal were included in this study. The result were shown about 5 of 26 (19.2) and 3 of 22 (13.6) were isolated by culture in 1st fist and 2nd visit of endodontic treatment respectively, while the detection by PCR showed about 11 of 26 (42.3) and 7 of 22 (31.9) were detected in 1st fist and 2nd visit of endodontic treatment respectively. On the other hand, the methods of PCR and growth detected this species, where P. intermedia was only 8/ 48 (4.2) % positive culture from total infected root canals. While PCR method were identified the target species in 16/48 (33.4%). The results confirm that PCR method is very sensitive, specific and time consume technique for detecting P. intermedia DNA in infected root canals than culture method.
Classification of body mass index and waist circumference based on cut-offs for Asian Indians: can it be gender specific predictor of cardiovascular risk among young adults?

Introduction: Obesity has been reported to be an independent risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease. Studies in Indian population have reported that lower BMI among Indians is associated with an increased risk of CVD. Aims: To classify BMI based on cut-offs for defining obesity in Asian Indians and to assess gender specific predictor of cardiovascular risk among Indian young adults if any. Methods: 224 healthy student volunteers of age 19 ± 2 years were recruited for study. Weight, height was measured and volunteers were divided into groups based on BMI cut-offs under WHO guidelines and that for Asian Indians. Anthropometric parameters (WC, HC, WHR), FBG, complete lipid profile and BP parameters were measured to assess cardiovascular risk. Results: We observed that under WHO classification 150 subjects had normal BMI, 47 subjects were overweight and 20 in obese category. Under BMI cut-offs for Asian Indians, number of subjects under overweight category remained same but number of obese individual increased to 70, whereas those under normal category reduced to 100. Among those 50 subjects, who had normal BMI when classified under WHO classification (23 males, 27 females) height, weight, WC, HC was significantly higher in males (p=0.001). Males had significantly higher SBP (p=0.001), DBP (p=0.02), heart rate (p=0.001). TC and VLDL were significantly higher in males (p=0.001 for both). Significant negative correlation of BMI and HDL (p=0.02) was observed in males. Significant positive correlation exists between BMI and LDL (p=0.05), TC (p= 0.01), FBG (p=0.01), SBP (p=0.03), DBP (p=0.02) in females. Conclusions: Using region specific guidelines to classify obesity increases the prevalence of obesity among young adults thus escalating the risk of CVD. Also, gender specific categorization leads to early prediction of CVD risk among either gender.
Gender Differences on the Use of Metadiscourse on Reflective Essays: A Case Study of Inbound Students

During the age of global learning, students? mobility has popularized edutourism in universities around the world. Generally, students benefit in many ways. Although students completed surveys to document how they felt about their stay, the use of reflective essays can be useful for the organizers to find out how the participants felt about their stay in the host country. This study explored the data in students? reflective essays to find out how they felt about their experience learning English in Malaysia. Specially, the use of metadiscourse is used to analyse the students? attitudes and emotions about what they gained from the edutourism programme. The data was analysed based on interactive or interactional metadiscourse. Findings revealed students used interactive metadiscourse such as transitions, frame markers and code glosses; They used interactional metadiscourse such as hedges, boosters and self-mentions in their essays to reveal how they felt about their learning experience.
Waste to biofuels through zero-energy hydrothermal solar plants: Process design

Waste to Biofuels through Zero-Energy Hydrothermal Solar Plants: Process Design Giulia Ischia, Daniele Castello, Michele Orlandi, Antonio Miotello, Lasse A. Rosendahl, Luca Fiori* University of Trento, Dept. of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, via Mesiano 77 38123 Trento, Italy Aalborg University, Dept. of Energy Technology, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark University of Trento, Dept. of Physics, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy luca.fiori@unitn.it