Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prolonged Morphine Treatment Targets (cid:1) Opioid Receptors to Neuronal Plasma Membranes and Enhances (cid:1) -Mediated Antinociception

Opioid receptors are known to undergo complex regulatory changes in response to ligand exposure. In the present study, we examined the effect of morphine on the in vitro and in vivo density and trafﬁcking of (cid:1) opioid receptors ( (cid:1) ORs). Prolonged exposure (48 hr) of cortical neurons in culture to morphine (10 (cid:2) M ) resulted in a robust increase in the internalization of Fluo-deltorphin, a highly selective ﬂuorescent (cid:1) OR agonist. This effect was (cid:2) -mediated because it was entirely blocked by the selective (cid:2) opioid receptor antagonist D -Phe-Cys-Tyr- D -Trp-Orn-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH 2 and was reproduced using the selective (cid:2) agonist fentanyl citrate. Immunogold electron microscopy revealed a marked increase in the cell surface density of (cid:1) ORs in neurons exposed to morphine, indicating that the increase in Fluo-deltorphin internalization was caused by increased receptor availability. Prolonged morphine exposure had no effect on (cid:1) OR protein levels, as assessed by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting, suggesting that the increase in bioavailable (cid:1) ORs was caused by recruitment of reserve receptors from intracellular stores and not from receptor neosynthesis. Complemen-tary in vivo studies demonstrated that chronic treatment of adult rats with morphine (5–15 mg/kg, s.c., every 12 hr) similarly augmented targeting of (cid:1) ORs to neuronal plasma membranes in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Furthermore, this treatment markedly potentiated intrathecal D -[Ala 2 ]deltorphin II-induced antinociception. Taken together, these results demonstrate that prolonged stimulation of neurons with morphine markedly increases recruitment of intracellular (cid:1) ORs to the cell surface, both in vitro and in vivo . We propose that this type of receptor subtype cross-mobilization may widen the transduction reper-toire of G-protein-coupled receptors and offer new therapeutic strategies. of (cid:1) ORs for enhanced agonist potency toward a desired clinical end-point. These results have exciting ramiﬁca-tions for the development of clinical therapeutics, including pain therapy.
Production of K ∗ (892) 0 and φ (1020) in p–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV

Theproductionof K ∗ (892) 0 and φ (1020) mesons has been measured in p–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV. K ∗ 0 and φ are reconstructed via their decay into charged hadrons with the ALICE detector in the rapidity range − 0 . 5 < y < 0. The transverse momentum spectra, measured as a function of the multiplicity, have a p T range from 0 to 15 GeV/ c for K ∗ 0 and from 0.3 to 21 GeV/ c for φ . Integrated yields, mean transverse momenta and particle ratios are reported and compared with results in pp collisions at √ s = 7 TeV and Pb–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV. In Pb–Pb and p–Pb collisions, K ∗ 0 and φ probe the hadronic phase of the system and contribute to the study of particle formation mechanisms by comparison with other identiﬁed hadrons. For this purpose, the mean transverse momenta and the differential proton-to- φ ratio are discussed as a function of the multiplicity of the event. The short-lived K ∗ 0 is measured to investigate re-scattering effects, believed to be related to the size of the system and to the lifetime of the hadronic phase.
SDN-based Dynamic and Adaptive Policy Management System to Mitigate DDoS Attacks

This paper presents a dynamic policy enforcement mechanism that allows ISPs to specify security policies to mitigate the impact of network attacks by taking into account the speciﬁc requirements of their customers. The proposed policy-based management framework leverages the recent Software-Deﬁned Networking (SDN) technology to provide a centralized platform that allows network administrators to deﬁne global network and security policies, which are then enforced directly to the OpenFlow switches. One of the major objectives of such a framework is to achieve ﬁne-grained and automated attack mitigation in the ISP network, ultimately reducing the impact of attack and collateral damage to the customer networks. To evaluate the feasibility and eﬀectiveness of framework, we develop a prototype that serves for one ISP and three customers. The experimental results demonstrate that our framework can successfully reduce the collateral damage on a customer network caused by the attack traﬃc targeting another customer network. More interestingly, the framework can provide rapid response and mitigate the attack in a very short time.
On the Front (Phone) Lines: Results of a COVID-19 Hotline a COVID-19

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and the associated coronavirus dis-easeof2019(COVID-19)havepresentedimmensechallengesforhealthcaresystems.Manyregionshavestruggledtoadapttodisruptionstohealthcarepracticeandusesystemsthateffectivelymanagethedemandforservices. Methods: This was a cohort study using electronic health records at a health care system in northeast Ohio that examined the effectiveness of the ﬁrst 5 weeks of a 24/7 physician-staffed COVID-19 hotline including social care referrals for patients required to self-isolate. We describe clinical diagnosis, patient characteristics (age, sex race/ethnicity, smoking status, insurance status), and visit disposition. We use logistic regression to evaluate associations between patient characteristics, visit disposition and subsequent emergency department use, hospitalization, and SARS-Cov-2 PCR testing. Participants: In 5 weeks, 10,112 patients called the hotline (callers). Of these, 4213 (42%) were referred for a physician telehealth visit (telehealth patients). Mean age of callers was 42 years; 67% were female, 51% white, and 46% were on Medicaid/uninsured. Results: Common caller concerns included cough, fever, and shortness of breath. Most telehealth patients (79%) were advised to self-isolate at home, 14% were determined to be unlikely to have COVID-19, 3% were advised to seek emergency care, and 4% had miscellaneous other dispositions. A total of 287 patients (7%) had a subsequent emergency department visit, and 44 (1%) were hospitalized with a COVID-19 diagnosis. Of the callers, 482 (5%) had a COVID-19 test reported, with 69 (14%) testing positive. Among patients advised to stay at home, 83% had no further face-to-face visits. In multivariable results, only a physician recommendation to seek emergency care was associated with emergency department use (odds ratio = 4.73, 95% conﬁdence interval = 1.37-16.39, P = .014). Only older age was associated with having a positive test result. Patients with social needs and interest in receiving help were offered services to meet their needs including food deliveries (n = 92), behav-ioral health telephone visits (n = 49), and faith-based comfort calls from pastoral care personnel (n = 37). Conclusions and Relevance: Robust, physician-directed telehealth services can meet a wide range of clinical and social needs during the acute phase of a pandemic, conserving scarce resources such as personal protective equipment and testing supplies and preventing the spread of infections to patients and health care workers. ( J Am Board Fam Med 2021;34:S95–S102.)
Towards prediction of fission cross section on the basis of microscopic nuclear inputs

Recently, a sound description of some of the basic nuclear ingredients required in the calculation of fission cross sections has been obtained. These concern in particular fission barriers within the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) method and nuclear level densities at the fission saddle points within the combinatorial model. Both ingredients are determined coherently, the nuclear level densities being estimated on the basis of the single-particle scheme and pairing strength of the same mean field model that was used to determine the fission saddle points. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the quality of such inputs in the calculation of fission cross sections. Although the barrier height can still not be predicted with an accuracy better than about 700 keV, the use of the full HFB fission path and the corresponding WKB calculation of the probability to penetrate the fission barrier clearly provides a better way to estimate fission cross section in comparison with highly parametrized phenomenological models, when no experimental data is available. It is shown that a satisfactory estimate of the fission cross section for nonenergy applications can be achieved with a global renormalization of the barrier height and the microscopic nuclear level densities at the fission saddle points. Good agreement with experimental data can be obtained if both the fission barrier heights and level densities are independently renormalized. The resulting barrier heights required to reproduce experimental cross sections are found to be smaller by a few hundred keV with respect to previous analyses.
Patients with atrial fibrillation and permanent pacemaker

Background The management of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) with rate-lowering or anti-arrhythmic drugs has markedly changed over the last decade, but it is unknown how these changes have affected patients with NVAF with a permanent pacemaker (PPM). Through Danish nationwide registries, patients with NVAF and a PPM were identified from 2001 to 2012. Changes in concomitant pharmacotherapy and comorbidities were tested using the Cochran–Armitage trend test and linear regression. Patients with NVAF were identified to calculate the proportional amount of PPM implants.
Strain-induced phase transformations under compression, unloading, and reloading in a diamond anvil cell

Strain-induced phase transformations (PTs) in a sample under compression, unloading, and reloading in a diamond anvil cell are investigated in detail, by applying finite element method. In contrast to previous studies, the kinetic equation includes the pressure range in which both direct and reverse PTs occur simultaneously. Results are compared to the case when “no transformation” region in the pressure range exists instead, for various values of the kinetic parameters and ratios of the yield strengths of low and high pressure phases. Under unloading (which has never been studied before), surprising plastic flow and reverse PT are found, which were neglected in experiments and change interpretation of experimental results. They are caused both by heterogeneous stress redistribution and transformation-induced plasticity. After reloading, the reverse PT continues followed by intense direct PT. However, PT is less pronounced than after initial compression and geometry of transformed zone changes. In particular, a localized transformed band of a weaker high pressure phase does not reappear in comparison with the initial compression. A number of experimental phenomena are reproduced and interpreted.Strain-induced phase transformations (PTs) in a sample under compression, unloading, and reloading in a diamond anvil cell are investigated in detail, by applying finite element method. In contrast to previous studies, the kinetic equation includes the pressure range in which both direct and reverse PTs occur simultaneously. Results are compared to the case when “no transformation” region in the pressure range exists instead, for various values of the kinetic parameters and ratios of the yield strengths of low and high pressure phases. Under unloading (which has never been studied before), surprising plastic flow and reverse PT are found, which were neglected in experiments and change interpretation of experimental results. They are caused both by heterogeneous stress redistribution and transformation-induced plasticity. After reloading, the reverse PT continues followed by intense direct PT. However, PT is less pronounced than after initial compression and geometry of transformed zone changes. In particu.
Cooperative regulation of Ca v 1.2 channels by intracellular Mg 2+ , the proximal C-terminal EF-hand, and the distal C-terminal domain

L­type Ca 2+ currents conducted by Ca v 1.2 channels initiate excitation–contraction coupling in cardiac myocytes. Intracellular Mg 2+ (Mg i ) inhibits the ionic current of Ca v 1.2 channels. Because Mg i is altered in ischemia and heart failure, its regulation of Ca v 1.2 channels is important in understanding cardiac pathophysiology. we studied the effects of Mg i on voltage­dependent inactivation (VDI) of Ca v 1.2 channels using Na + as permeant ion to elimi­ nate the effects of permeant divalent cations that engage the Ca 2+ ­dependent inactivation process. We confirmed that increased Mg i reduces peak ionic currents and increases VDI of Ca v 1.2 channels in ventricular myocytes and in transfected cells when measured with Na + as permeant ion. The increased rate and extent of VDI caused by increased Mg i were substantially reduced by mutations of a cation­binding residue in the proximal C­terminal EF­hand, consistent with the conclusion that both reduction of peak currents and enhancement of VDI result from the binding of Mg i to the EF­hand (K D ≈ 0.9 mM) near the resting level of Mg i in ventricular myocytes. VDI was more rapid for L­ type Ca 2+ currents in ventricular myocytes than for Ca v 1.2 channels in transfected cells. Coexpres­ sion of Ca v  2b subunits and formation of an autoinhibitory complex of truncated Ca v 1.2 channels with noncova­ lently bound distal C­terminal domain (DCT) both increased VDI in transfected cells, indicating that the subunit structure of the Ca v 1.2 channel greatly influences its VDI. The effects of noncovalently bound DCT on peak cur­ rent amplitude and VDI required Mg i binding to the proximal C­terminal EF­hand and were prevented by muta­ tions of a key divalent cation­binding amino acid residue. Our results demonstrate cooperative regulation of peak current amplitude and VDI of Ca v 1.2 channels by Mg i , the proximal C­terminal EF­hand, and the DCT, and suggest that conformational changes that regulate VDI are propagated from the DCT through the proximal C­terminal EF­hand to the channel­gating mechanism.
University of Birmingham Face scanning and spontaneous emotion preference in Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome

Background: Existing literature suggests differences in face scanning in individuals with different socio-behavioural characteristics. Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) are two genetically defined neurodevelopmental disorders with unique profiles of social behaviour. Methods: Here, we examine eye gaze to the eye and mouth regions of neutrally expressive faces, as well as the spontaneous visual preference for happy and disgusted facial expressions compared to neutral faces, in individuals with CdLS versus RTS. Results: Results indicate that the amount of time spent looking at the eye and mouth regions of faces was similar in 15 individuals with CdLS and 17 individuals with RTS. Both participant groups also showed a similar pattern of spontaneous visual preference for emotions. Conclusions: These results provide insight into two rare, genetically defined neurodevelopmental disorders that have been reported to exhibit contrasting socio-behavioural characteristics and suggest that differences in social behaviour may not be sufficient to predict attention to the eye region of faces. These results also suggest that differences in the social behaviours of these two groups may be cognitively mediated rather than subcortically mediated.
Unplanned Pregnancy in Anorexia Nervosa

Objective— To compare the frequency with which unplanned pregnancies occur in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) relative to women without eating disorders in the large Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Method— In a sample of 62,060 women, 62 reported AN. Using data from a questionnaire completed by all participating mothers, we compared mother’s age at birth and the frequency with which mothers reported their index pregnancy as being unplanned. Results— AN women were younger (26.2 years; SD=4.76) than women with no eating disorder (29.9 years; SD=4.60) at the time of birth. Significantly more women with AN (50.0%) reported unplanned pregnancy than women in the referent group (18.9%). After adjustment for maternal age and infertility treatment, the relative risk (RR) of unplanned pregnancy in individuals with AN was 2.11 (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.64–2.72). Induced abortion was also significantly more common in women with AN than referent women (24.2% versus 14.6%). Conclusion— The higher rate of unplanned pregnancy and abortion in women with AN is of clinical concern as absent or irregular menstruation may be misinterpreted as decreasing risk of pregnancy. to AN an additional 6–8 report oligomenorrhea The high prevalence of has contributed to the (mis)
Self-Care of Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Knowledge about the Disease

Background: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an increasingly prevalent disease in adolescence. Self-management of diabetes is highly important for adolescents to gain autonomy and to reduce associated risks. Objectives: To identify the knowledge of adolescents with T1DM about the disease and respective care; to analyze the relationship between the knowledge of adolescents with T1DM about the disease and respective care and age and gender. Methodology: Descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of a total of 51 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years being followed-up in diabetes consultations in the center region of Portugal. A knowledge test was applied. Results: Although most adolescents had a good level of overall knowledge about diabetes and in 3 of the 5 dimensions, the study revealed some misconceptions, as well as adolescents with a low level of knowledge. Positive correlations were found between the adolescents’ knowledge and age. Conclusion: It is important to correct misconceptions and identify the adolescents with insufficient knowledge so as to provide a more targeted intervention.
Impact of ABO rs505922 Genetic Variant on Angiotensin- Converting Enzyme Activity in Thai Population

ABO polymorphisms have been reported to associate with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced cough and ACE activity. This study aimed to investigate frequencies of ABO rs505922C>T SNP in Thais and compare them to that in other ethnicities. The impact of this SNP on ACE activity in the Thai population was also determined. Genomic DNA from 100 healthy Thai volunteers was isolated from whole blood and genotyping. The serum ACE activity was assessed. Significant differences in T allele frequencies for rs505922C>T were noticed between Thais (0.48) and Caucasians (0.65) (p = 0.022). However, the frequency of T allele was not significantly different between Thai and Japanese populations (0.55) (p = 0.396). Thai subjects with TT genotype had significantly lower serum ACE activity (median: 26 U/L; n=25) than subjects with CT genotype (median: 32 U/L; n=45) (p = 0.018). The impact of this SNP was significant in females (p = 0.021). Moreover, serum ACE activity tended to be lower in subjects with TT genotype compared to CC genotype (median: 29, U/L; n=30) (p = 0.480). The ABO rs505922C>T has an impact on serum ACE activity in the Thai population. There were variant allele frequency differences between Thais and Caucasians. Clinical trials for Thai patients with ACE inhibitor-induced cough are required to evaluate the effects of this SNP on ACE activity.
Bone Turnover Markers and Serum Oestradiol In Pre And Postmenopausal Women

s: Background: Rapid bone loss occurs in women after menopause due to hormonal factors that lead to an increased susceptibility to fractures. This study was done to find out the correlation of osteocalcin and telopeptide-C with age, body mass index (BMI) and oestradiol in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Methodology: Study was conducted on 350 women aged 30–65 years who were classified into premenopausal and postmenopausal groups. Serum samples were analysed for oestradiol, osteocalcin and telopeptide-C. Pearsons correlation was used for statistical confirmations. Results: Osteocalcin was found to be correlated with age (r= +0.56, p<0.001), BMI (r= -0.39, p<0.001), oestradiol (r= -0.21, p<0.01) and telopeptide-C (r= +0.18, p<0.05) in postmenopausal women but no correlation was found in premenopausal women. Telopeptide-C was found to be correlated with age (r= +0.39,p<0.001), BMI (r= -0.29,p<0.001) and oestradiol (r= 0.48,p<0.001) in postmenopausal women; in premenopausal women it was found to be correlated with BMI (r= -0.30,p<0.001) and oestradiol (r= -0.29,p<0.001). Conclusion: Inverse correlation of Telopeptide-C with BMI and serum oestradiol in premenopausal and postmenopausal women suggests that their increased bone turnover was linked to low BMI and oestrogen deficiency. [Jain V NJIRM 2015; 6(2):66-69]
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AMONG DENTISTS

Abstract Dentists are at high risk for contracting Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which leads to severe liver disease. Proper infection control measures are supposed to be in place to avoid transmission, especially with the exposure to blood that dentists are at risk of. A cross-sectional study with quantitative method using a valid research questionnaire. A convenience sample of 101 dentists from around Lebanon participated in the study. The results showed that 83% of the participating dentists were vaccinated yet only 21% received the required dose for prevention against HBV. The dentists had moderate to high knowledge of HBV infection control measures, negative attitudes towards treating HBV exposed patients, as well as good practices of standard precautions. The results showed that there was a difference association between gender and vaccination (P=0.04). The results also showed that there was no remarkable association between years of experience and HBV infection prevention knowledge, however there was a significant association between gender, vaccination status and practices if infection control measures (P=0.00). The dentists report good KPA of infection control measures yet reinforcement is needed to ensure proper prevention of transmission of HBV in dental practice.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

67 An Upshot of Banking Service Quality and Cocoa farmers Satisfaction on Loyalty : The Case of Agricultural Development Bank (ADB), Sefwi-Wiawso Bentil Anthony Ewusi1*, He YouShi1, Ruth Appiah1, Ninnette Attisogbe1, Geoffrey Bentum-Micah1, Emmanuel Bosompem Boadi2 1School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China 2 School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 202001, P.R. China Corresponding Author: Bentil Anthony Ewusi1*