Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and Perception of the Immediate Impact of COVID-19 on Dental Education: An Observational Study

Background The primary aim of the study is to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected dental education for students and teachers, particularly concerning the efficiency of online teaching strategies for both clinical and academic outcomes. Additionally, it also emphasizes psychological behavior like stress and anxiety in the post-pandemic era due to academic pressure. Materials and methods The study included 300 undergraduate dental students from various years of studying and 31 teachers actively teaching in dental college from all nine departments. The questionnaire was created in Google Forms for both students and teachers. The questionnaire contained various aspects of an education system that was adopted post-pandemic. The questions were given to evaluate the opinions of students as well as teachers to understand which method of teaching is preferable for them. Whether it's an online method of teaching or the offline mode, out of which the majority of respondents preferred the offline method of teaching. Result Most of the respondents agreed that the pandemic had affected their academic as well as clinical performance. Online mode of learning was not as effective as face-to-face learning. It did not affect the students clinically but mentally, which made them more anxious and stressed out during their studies and preparation for exams. Teachers too had to face a lot of problems from technical aspects while teaching online which led to mental stress and anxiety. This study re-emphasizes the negative impact of COVID-19 on dental education. It also further highlights the more fundamental changes and improvements that are desperately needed in the education system to adapt and overcome the current pandemic situation and future such events. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted educational institutions, curricula, and clinical practice. Dental students are particularly vulnerable, and online education platforms in India face challenges in regulation. The quality of materials, technical assistance, and expertise in online classes significantly impact teaching and learning experiences. The pandemic has led to concerns about students and staff contracting the disease, creating a skill gap in dental graduates, and loss of clinical exposure, causing more anxiety. To address these concerns, regular, open, and compassionate communication with students is essential. Educational institutions must undergo a transformation to adapt to the pandemic and potential future disasters.
Average profile of ion flow and convection electric field in the near‐Earth plasma sheet

Two‐dimensional distribution of ion flow and convection electric field in the near‐Earth plasma sheet (9 < R < 30 RE) is investigated on the basis of GEOTAIL measurements. Our statistics confirms that the observed ion flow in the plasma sheet is generally earthward, being accompanied by a significant dawn‐to‐dusk component which is distributed asymmetrically about the noon‐midnight meridian. On the other hand, the convection electric field deduced from the V×B term after excluding the effects of ion pressure gradient drift shows much better symmetry about the noon‐midnight meridian. Existence of significant difference between the ion and magnetic flux convection patterns suggests that the frozen‐in condition does not hold in the near‐Earth plasma sheet.
Desert Varnish of the Sonoran Desert: Optical and Electron Probe Microanalysis

Optical and electron probe microanalysis of the dark patination coating rocks from the Sonoran Desert reveal a distinct, though sometimes discontinuous layer approximately 20 microns thick. This layer is characterized by concentrations of iron, manganese and magnesium considerably higher than their concentrations within the host rocks. The metal-rich layer is contained within a clay-like matrix and is, in some samples, separated from the host rock by a weathering cortex up to 1 mm thick. A large fraction of the metal in the outer layer appears to have been derived from sources external to the varnished rocks, probably wind-transported dust and clay.
Indian Ocean Dipole Overrides ENSO’s Influence on Cool Season Rainfall across the Eastern Seaboard of Australia

AbstractThe strong relationship between eastern Australian winter–spring rainfall and tropical modes of variability such as the El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) does not extend to the heavily populated coastal strip east of the Great Dividing Range in southeast Australia, where correlations between rainfall and Nino-3.4 are insignificant during June–October. The Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) is found to have a strong influence on zonal wind flow during the winter and spring months, with positive IOD increasing both onshore winds and rainfall over the coastal strip, while decreasing rainfall elsewhere in southeast Australia. The IOD thus opposes the influence of ENSO over the coastal strip, and this is shown to be the primary cause of the breakdown of the ENSO–rainfall relationship in this region.
The Efficacy of Modified Transarticular External Skeletal Fixation Type II Technique for Management of Talocrural Instability in Dogs: Outcomes and Complications

Objective : To report the efficacy of two approaches of modified type II transarticular external skeletal fixator (TESF) without joint arthrodesis for treatment of talocrural instability/luxation (TCI) in dogs and to rate short-term outcomes and complications after its use. Study design: Retrospective study. Sample population: Ten dogs. Methods : Medical records of All dogs suffered from TCI and have been treated using TESF type II between January 2012 to December 2021 were reviewed. Information was collected including signalment, lameness score, type of TCI, accompanying injuries. The surgical management included TESF alone (n=2) and TESF with internal repair (n=8), both didn’t involve debridement of the articular cartilage. The post-operative follow-up assessment included lameness score, ankylosis and complications. Results: All dogs had satisfactory joint stability at the time of frame removal. All dogs exhibited minor complications, 4 dogs had major complications and persistent lameness. Females and older animals showed high degrees of joint ankylosis compared with males and younger animals. Conclusion : Modified-TESF type II (with internal repair) technique would be better than arthrodesis. it is considered a joint saving procedure with high success rate regarding restoration of function, lameness score, ankylosis and short term postoperative follow up complications, Modified type II TESF with internal repair showed significant outcomes especially in heavy breeds dogs, preserving the articular cartilage reduces the overall complication rate and preserved the joint function. Clinical significance: This study supports the use of temporary modified type II TESF with internal repair and without tarsal arthrodesis for management of TCI in dogs as an alternative to tarsal arthrodesis.
Thematic Set: Full waveform inversion: the next leap forward in imaging at Valhall

We present the results of applying full waveform inversion at the Valhall Field in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea. The resulting velocity model not only substantially improves the depth-migrated image, but also offers an excellent basis for detailed interpretation itself, because it reveals many geological features not visible in the migrated image. These results demonstrate that full waveform inversion can produce spectacular results on industrial-scale real 3D seismic data.
Verbal memory depends on structural hippocampal subfield volume

Objective To investigate correlates in hippocampal subfield volume and verbal and visual memory function in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), mild amnestic cognitive impairment (MCI) and heathy participants (HP). Methods 50 right-handed participants were included in this study; 11 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), 18 patients with mild amnestic cognitive impairment (MCI) and 21 healthy participants (HP). Verbal memory performance was evaluated via the verbal memory test (VLMT) and visual memory performance via the diagnosticum for cerebral damage (DCM). Hippocampal subfield volumes of T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans were computed with FreeSurfer version 7.1. Stepwise correlation analyses were performed between the left hippocampal subfield volumes and learning, free recall, consolidation and recognition performance scores of the VLMT as well as between right hippocampal subfield volumes and visual memory performance. Results The volume of the left subicular complex was highly correlated to learning performance (β = 0.284; p = 0.042) and free recall performance in the VLMT (β = 0.434; p = 0.001). The volume of the left CA3 subfield showed a significant correlation to the consolidation performance in the VLMT (β = 0.378; p = 0.006) and recognition performance in the VLMT (β = 0.290; p = 0.037). There was no significant correlation identified between the right hippocampal subfields and the visual memory performance. Conclusion The results of this study show verbal memory correlates with hippocampal subfields and support the role of left subiculum and left CA2/CA3 in verbal memory performance.
Implementation of Thermoelectric Batteries for Power Supply of Compensating Devices and Relay Protection Elements

- The work presents for the first time the results of a study on the implementation of thermoelectric current converters in the manufacturing industry to replace traditional power supply circuits for capacitor banks with an alternative current source called a thermoelectric converter of thermal energy into electrical energy. The importance and cost-effectiveness of thermopiles in installations with heat-generating technologies are substantiated. The sequence of technology for producing thermoelectric substances and developing thermoelectric batteries for the power supply of compensating devices of industrial enterprises intended for the power supply of the operational current circuit of the relay protection system is outlined. The results of measurements and experimental studies of the parameters of the branches of thermoelectric materials with electronic and hole conductivity are presented. The procedure for creating the design and the results of charging the capacitor bank are outlined.
Clinical Significance of Serum Angiopoietin 2 in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background: Angiopoietin 2 (ANG-2) is essential for blood vessel development, stability, and remodeling. Objective: We aimed to find out the potential use of serum ANG-2 as a diagnostic indicator for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods: The present investigation included 80 participants who were categorized as follows: 30 individuals diagnosed with liver cirrhosis, 30 individuals diagnosed with HCC, and 20 healthy individuals serving as control group. The ages of participants ranged between 35 and 65 years. Results: ANG-2 levels demonstrated a significant increase within the HCC group compared to the other two study groups and also in the liver cirrhosis group if compared to the healthy individuals. Age, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, Child-Pugh score, alanine transaminase, Barcelona Clinic Liver Classification stages, and tumor characteristics were significantly positively correlated with ANG-2 in the HCC group. A statistically significant negative connection was observed between the levels of albumin and ANG-2, as well as between ANG-2 and platelets. Conclusions: ANG-2 has the potential to serve as a diagnostic indicator in HCC and may also play an important function in controlling the advancement of liver disease. Additionally, it has been demonstrated to be very valuable in identifying individuals with aggressive tumors.
Effect of surface treatment on resin bonding to 3D printed Co-Cr dental alloy

Objectives : The bond strength of resin cements to 3D printed Cobalt-Chromium alloys has not been thoroughly studied. The study compared three different surface treatment methods on the shear bonding of adhesive resin cement to laser sintered Co-Cr alloy. The surface treatment methods were blasting with 30µm alumina chemically modified with silica (Cojet sand) for group A, fine 50µm and 110µm aluminum oxide blasting for groups B and C respectively. Materials and Methods : Thirty disk-shaped samples of 8mm diameter and 3mm thickness were manufactured of 3D printed (laser sintered) Co-Cr alloy, then were wet ground with 200-1000-grit silicon carbide abrasive then polished. Disks were divided to three groups according to the selected surface treatment method. Self adhesive resin cement disks of 5mm diameter were bonded to the alloy samples with the aid of a Teflon mold following manufacturer’s instructions. Bonded samples were thermocycled (2000 cycles between 5°and 55°C, 30 seconds dwell time) to simulate fluctuation of temperature within the oral cavity. Then, shear bond test was performed and mode of failure was inspected. Results : debonding numericals were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. The significance level was set at p<0.05 within all tests. Shear bond values were greater when sandblasting with aluminum oxide was used (12.35±1.53 and 11.85±1.41) MPa, compared with silica blasting (6.84±1.14) MPa. A combined failure mode (adhesive-cohesive)was encountered at the resin cement –alloy interface.
CAF-RCNN: multimodal 3D object detection with cross-attention

ABSTRACT LiDAR and camera are pivotal sensors of 3D (three-dimensional) object detection. As a result of their different characteristics, increasingly multimodal-based object detection methods have been proposed. Now, popular methods are to hardly associate camera features with LiDAR features, but the features are frequently enhanced and aggregated, so there is a major challenge in how to align two features effectively. Therefore, we propose CAF-RCNN. On the basis of PointRCNN, using Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) to extract advanced semantic features at different scales, then fusing these features with the LiDAR features of the Set Abstraction (SA) module output in PointRCNN and subsequent steps. Regarding the features fusion module, we design a module based on the cross-attention mechanism, CAFM (Cross-Attention Fusion Module). It combines two channel attention streams in a cross-over fashion to utilize rich details about significant objects in the Image Stream and Geometric Stream. We did a lot of experiments on the KITTI dataset, and the result shows that our method is 6.43% higher than PointRCNN in 3D accuracy.
On Combining Image Features and Word Embeddings for Image Captioning

Image captioning is the task of generating semantically and grammatically correct caption for a given image. Captioning model usually has an encoder-decoder structure where encoded image is decoded as list of words being a consecutive elements of the descriptive sentence. In this work, we investigate how encoding of the input image and way of coding words affects the result of the training of the encoder-decoder captioning model. We performed experiments with image encoding using 10 all-purpose popular backbones and 2 types of word embeddings. We compared those models using most popular image captioning evaluation metrics. Our research shows that the model's performance highly depends on the optimal combination of the neural image feature extractor and language processing model. The outcome of our research are applicable in all the research works that lead to the developing the optimal encoder-decoder image captioning model.
Integrating Morphological and Molecular Approaches for Identifying Pediculus humanus capitis and Assessing the Resistance to Certain Pediculicides

Infestations of head lice continue to be a serious public health issue, notably in Egypt. For the implementation of efficient management measures, accurate species identification and researching their treatment approaches became crucial. So, the purpose of this research was to examine the morphological structure of Pediculus humanus capitis ( P. h. capitis ) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as a foundational study for further investigation into the function of sensory structures and their significance in the host choice. As well as it aimed to study the evolutionary relationships between P. h. capitis populations through the analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences, subsequently investigating the host's pediculicide resistance. Participants from Menoufia Governorate, Egypt provided head lice sample specimens. SEM analysis provided detailed insights into the external morphology of P. h. capitis , elucidating its features. The resulting COI sequences of Egyptian lice were investigated comparing them with those in different countries. In addition, molecular assessment of topical preparations of pediculicides (malathion, permethrin, phenothrin, and ivermectin) and garlic oil was performed after one and three weeks of treatment of the lice-infested individuals. Acetylcholine esterase (AChE), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene expression were used to evaluate the efficacy of anti-lice preparations. The results of this study revealed that SEM of P. h. capitis indicated morphological features that could help in further studying the functions of sensory structures. In addition, phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Egyptian samples clustered together with head lice populations from Asia and Africa. Also, it was noticed that increased transcriptional levels of CYP450, AChE, and GST genes in malathion, permethrin, and phenothrin-treated groups suggested some level of resistance to these agents. While ivermectin and garlic oil were recommended at the same time as efficient substitutes. In conclusion, the COI gene sequences of P. h. capitis in Egypt are phylogenetically related to other countries. Additionally, molecular analysis revealed that several of the regularly used pediculicides result in resistance in the infested individuals.
Electronic Brainstorming for the Joint Audit Team and Its Impact on Enhancing the Efficiency of the Auditing

The study aimed to determine the impact of electronic brainstorming for the Joint Audit Team on enhancing the efficiency of the auditing. The study employed the analytical-descriptive approach to arrive at logical results that support the study's hypotheses. This was achieved through conducting a field study to gather the opinions of auditors practicing the auditing profession in the southern governorates of Palestine. The study's hypotheses were tested using a range of appropriate and diverse statistical methods. The most significant findings of the study included a substantial and effective influence of electronic brainstorming for joint auditing on various aspects, including increased ability to detect fraud, successful completion of auditing procedures, comprehension of the nature of the audited entity's operations, and the fostering of creative thinking among auditors. These findings contribute to elevating the efficiency of the auditing process. In light of the study's outcomes, a set of recommendations were proposed. The most important of these include the necessity for audit entities to design and implement specialized programs for applying electronic brainstorming throughout all stages of joint auditing work. Additionally, it is essential for relevant and responsible bodies to focus on establishing suitable methods to activate and approve the use of electronic brainstorming for the audit team, with the aim of task distribution and coordinating efforts during joint auditing engagements.
Mobility of bed material in Harris Creek

The mobility of bed material is investigated in a small gravel bed river in which the bed is weakly bimodal in texture and relatively stable. The bed surface remained intact throughout the freshet, and scour was limited to small areas of the bed. Observations of bedload caught in pit traps and displacement of magnetically tagged particles during two spring freshets permit analysis of the mobility of each size fraction. Fractional transport rates plot up to three orders of magnitude below the reference transport rate suggested in the literature. At low flows, no size fraction was fully mobile. At intermediate flows (shear stress >27 Pa) sand was fully mobile while larger material remained partially mobile. At high flows (>43 Pa) the division between the full and partial mobility regimes occurred around 16 mm, which remains finer than the median size of the subsurface material. The largest material scarcely moves at mean annual flood. Magnetic tracers confirmed results obtained from the pit traps. Three distinct zones of mobility can be defined in fractional transport plots: partial mobility, full mobility, and overpassing/suspended. Critical shear stress for incipient motion varied over an order of magnitude; a qualitatively similar result for bimodal sediment was reported by Wilcock and McArdell [1993] . Incipient motion analysis based on the largest grain observed to move yielded an upper envelope implying transport similarity for sizes found on the bed surface, and a lower envelope that corresponds with our (nonsimilar) entrainment criterion.
Quaternary records of the dire wolf, Canis dirus, in North and South America

The dire wolf was an important large, late Pleistocene predator in North and South America, well adapted to preying on megaherbivores. Geographically widespread, Canis dirus is reported from 136 localities in North America from Alberta, Canada, southward and from three localities in South America (Muaco, Venezuela; Talara, Peru; and Tarija, Bolivia). The species lived in a variety of environments, from forested mountains to open grasslands and plains ranging in elevation from sea level to 2255 m (7400 feet). Canis dirus is assigned to the Rancholabrean land mammal age of North America and the Lujanian land mammal age of South America and was among the many large carnivores and megaherbivores that became extinct in North and South America near the end of the Pleistocene Epoch.
Inverse modeling for retrieval of ocean color parameters in Case II coastal waters: an analysis of the minimum error

In turbid waters of coastal zones (case II water) the retrieval of the concentration of chlorophyll from remotely sensed spectral radiances becomes difficult because of the influence of gelbstoff and suspended matter on the radiance spectrum. For the coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) an inverse modeling method was developed to derive the concentrations of gelbstoff, suspended matter and chlorophyll, and the aerosol path radiance. The minimum error we have to expect for this system is analyzed by modeling the concentration change which is necessary to cause a change in the radiance corresponding to 1 digital count. The determination of the minimum error in the retrieval procedure is based on the evaluation of the Hesse Matrix of the chi square function. It turns out that for case II water the channel most sensitive to changes to all three groups of water constituents is CZCS 4 at 670 nm. The retrieval of the concentration is most difficult for chlorophyll, while the error for suspended matter and gelbstoff and for the aerosol path radiance is much smaller.