Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acceptability of snacks produced by the extrusion of amaranth and blends of chickpea and bovine lung

Summary Twosnacks,onecontainingchickpeaandeither0,5or10%bovinelungandanotherwithpure amaranth were developed to replace traditional snacks made of maize. These newsnacks had improved nutritional quality and their acceptability was assessed by sensoryanalysis.Thetestsshowedthattheseproductswerehighlyacceptableandcomparablewithcommercial brands. A pizza snack ﬂavoured with amaranth had an acceptability ratingthat was not signiﬁcantly diﬀerent from the commercial maize counterpart. The sameappliedtobaconﬂavouredchickpea/lungsnacks.Thisworkdemonstratesthatitisfeasibletoproduceahighlyacceptablesnackwithhighnutritionalqualitythatcouldbeusefulinnutritionalprogrammestocombatmalnutrition. Replacementofcommercialsnacksbasedonmaizebythosedevelopedinthisstudywouldbeneﬁtyoungconsumersofthesetypesofproducts. Keywords Consumers,novelproducts,sensoryanalysis. IntroductionThefoodindustryhastraditionallysupplementedthe nutritional attributes of several products byusingwastetissueproductsandnon-conventionalcereal and legume grains. Generally, these food-stuﬀshavebeenrejectedbecauseofpoortasteandhavenotparticipatedintheusualdietarypatternbut,ifupgraded,perhapstheycouldbeincorpor-atedintohumannutrition.Amongtheindustrial-izationtechniquesavailabletoachievethesegoals,extrusion has been widely used because of itssimplicity and low cost (Smith, 1976; Kinsella,1978; Bastos & Areˆas, 1990; Bastos etal., 1991;Batistuti etal., 1991; Areˆas, 1992; Caˆndido C Areˆas, 1993;Dodoketal.,1993;Attiaetal.,1994). Ithasbeenshownthatitcanalsobetexturizedandprovideahighly acceptable snack product (Batistuti etal.,1991). Bovine lung, in spite of its great nutritionalpotential, has experienced a strong aestheticrejection, mainly associated with its intrinsic lowtextural quality, however it has been shown thatitstexturecanbeimprovedbyextrusion(BastosA Bastos etal., 1991; Areˆas, 1992;Campos&Areˆas,1993). Although the nutritional quality was generallyhigh,theacceptabilityoftheseextrudedproductswasfarfromthatoftraditionalcommercialones.Extruded chickpea and bovine lung mixtures onthe other hand, produced a snack comparable interms of sensory quality to commercial brands,but with a superior nutritional quality (Cardoso-Santiago&Areˆas,2001).
Interactive Effect of Soil Salinity and Water Stress on Growth and Chemical Compositions of Pistachio Nut Tree

ABSTRACT The effects of three sodium chloride (NaCl) levels (0, 1200, and 2400 mg kg− 1 soil) and three irrigation intervals (3, 7, and 14 d) on the growth and chemical composition of two Pistacia vera rootstocks (‘Sarakhs’ and ‘Qazvini’) were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Eight-week-old pistachio seedlings were gradually exposed to salt stress which afterward, water stress was initiated. At any irrigation interval, plant height and shoot and root dry weights of both rootstocks were reduced with increasing salinity. However, increasing irrigation intervals alleviated the adverse effects of soil salinity. A negative relationship observed between relative shoot growth and electrical conductivity of soil saturation extract (ECe) confirmed the above findings. Under 3-d irrigation interval, the ECe required to cause a 50% growth reduction was lower than those under 7- and/or 14-d irrigation intervals. Shoot and root chemical analyses indicated that the salinity as well as irrigation regime affected the concentration and distribution of sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chloride (Cl−) in pistachio. The concentration of Na+, K+ and C1− ions increased with a rise in NaCl level, and was generally declined with increasing irrigation interval. Based on plant height, shoot and root dry weights and the concentrations of Na+, K+, and C1− in the plant tissues, at lowest irrigation intervals ‘Sarakhs’ shows a higher sensitivity to soil salinity than ‘Qazvini’, but with increasing irrigation interval, ‘Sarakhs’ and ‘Qazvini’ can be classified as resistant and sensitive to salinity, respectively.
Ab Initio Investigations of Gas Adsorption on Buckybowls

Gas separation processes are prevalent in science and industries to isolate desired or remove undesired gases from mixtures. Of the various methods to perform this separation, surface adsorption has been shown to be a promising avenue due to favorable temperature and pressure limits, high capacity, and chemical tunability. This thesis focuses on using a carbon-based, bowl-like molecule known as a Buckybowl to act as a gas adsorbent. The bowl-like nature of this structure has been shown to have stronger dispersion and electrostatic interactions on the concave side suggesting that it is a potential candidate for gas capture and release systems. In this study, the small gas molecules CH$_4$, CO$_2$, NO, and NO$_2$ are explored computationally as adsorbates on to the Buckybowls corannulene and sumanene as well as the planar structure coronene. It is found that the bowl-up orientation of the Buckybowls, with respect to the adsorbate, has the strongest interaction energy (sumanene CH$_4$, -5.6 kcal/mol) followed by coronene (-2.9 kcal/mol) and then the bowl-down configurations (sumanene CH$_4$, -1.8 kcal/mol). Sumanene was found to have the strongest adsorption energies for these molecules (BU CO$_2$, -6.1 kcal/mol) with binding to corannulene (BU CO$_2$, -4.8 kcal/mol) and coronene (CO$_2$, -3.7 kcal/mol) being weaker. The system studied were also found to exhibit stimulus-induced adsorption/desorption. Specifically, the Buckybowls were found to change selectivity towards specific adsorbates in response to an applied electric field as the interaction energy ordering was altered. Beyond atmospheric molecules, the ability of sumanene to adsorb respiratory irritants was also explored. It was found that for three potent irritants, 2-chlorobenzalmalonitrile, 1,6 hexamethylene diisocyanate, and toluene diisocyanate, the interaction energies are about -14 kcal/mol with attraction largely driven by electrostatic and dispersion effects. No significant energetic barriers due to structural changes were found indicating that sumanene could be a possible gas capture system for these chemical compounds.
Alternative Solid Sample Pretreatment Methods in Green Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

ABSTRACT A review of recent literature utilizing alternative sample pretreatment methods for solid environmental and biological materials analysis to assess total metals content by atomic spectrometry is provided. All the selected treatments coincide with all or some of the fundamentals of Green Chemistry policy such as prevention of waste generation; safer and less toxic solvents and reagents; and designs for energy efficiency. The review covers the classic slurry sampling technique, mainly, its current trends, as well as developments based on the use of diluted acids, chelating agents solutions, or even water for leaching (extraction) methods assisted by ultrasounds, microwave energy, or pressurization. In addition, the use of conventional or assisted enzymatic hydrolysis procedures is also discussed.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry as a Quick Scanning Technique for Solid State Stability Studies

AbstractThe potential compatabilities of various commonly used excipients with Indomethacin (IMC) were compared using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Some agents were found to have no solid state interaction whereas others showed major changes in the thermograms signifying possible interactions in the solid state. The results show that DSC can be employed in preliminary preformulation studies for the evaluation of solid state interactions as an aid to excipient selection.
Seed Characteristics of Wild Legume (Tetragonolobus palaestinus) as Compared With Lens culinarisand Pisum sativum

Abstract The plant of Tetragonolobus palaestinus Boiss is described. Physical properties, chemical composition, and cookability of T. palaestinus seeds were compared with Jor-1 lentil cultivar (Lens culinaris) and pea landrace (Pisum sativum) seeds. Results showed significant variation among the seeds of the three species. T. palaestinus seeds were found to have lower 100-seed mass (1.6 g), water absorption percent (26.7–29.2) kg water/100 kg of initial mass, but had a higher one-liter mass (831.5 g). Also T. palaestinus seeds were found to have higher protein (31) kg/100 kg seeds, fiber (20.8) kg/100 kg seeds, crude fat (2.3) kg/100 kg seeds, ash (5.1) kg/100 kg seeds, and carbohydrate (51.3) kg/100 kg seeds contents. Results also showed high positive correlations between mass/plant of T. palaestinus and plant mass (r = 0.90), number of pods/plant (r = 0.77) and seed mass/plant (r = 0.92). Cookability data showed that the unsoaked T. palaestinus seeds required 75 min to cook very well in distilled water at 100°C, whereas lentil and peas required 40 and 70 min respectively. Soaking the seeds for 18 h did not reduce the cooking time for T. palaestinus but reduced the cooking time for lentil and peas to 20 and 30 min, respectively.
New Treatment for Psoriasis: Therapeutic Efficiency in Patients and Antiinflammatory Effect in Vitro

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with predominant skin and joint involvement and a worldwide distribution affecting both sexes, of any age, but more frequently in the 3rd and 4th decades of life [1]. The disease is characterized by disfiguring scaling and erythematous plaques. The severity of psoriasis is defined by the clinical form, the proportion of body surface area affected and the severity of the symptoms. Psoriatic plaques may be painful and often severely pruritic, causing a deterioration in the quality of life [2]. Medical therapy for psoriasis has classically included topical and systemic treatments such as phototherapy, retinoids, methotrexate, and cyclosporine [3]. In the last few years, biologic treatment has become the established therapeutic standard for significant improvement of the quality of life of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis [4]. The involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of psoriasis has been recently proposed. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between Abstract
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND COSTS OF MECHANIZED STUMP EXTRACTION SETS

1 Professor at Agronomy Veterinary Medicine College at University of Brasília (FAV/UnB), tiagocorreia@unb.br 2 Agronomy M.S. student at University of Brasília (UnB), arthur.grb10@gmail.com 3 Veterinary Medicine College at University of Brasília (FAV/UnB), ffaggion@yahoo.com 4 Agronomist, guilhermexiiv@gmail.com 5 PhD in Agronomy by Agronomy Sciences College at Paulista State University, Agroefetiva Industria e Serviços Ltda, saulofgs@hotmail.com
A computer simulation study of manning's relations in a binary alloy with order

Abstract By means of Monte Carlo computer simulation we have explored the validity of the Manning relations which connect the phenomenological coefficients to the tracer diffusion coefficients in an alloy. The model chosen for calculation was the ordered binary alloy analogue of the king magnet. The vacancy mechanism was assumed. At temperatures above and below the order-disorder temperature, the Manning relations provide a good simulation, except at compositions approaching impurity levels. The relations then break down because they have built into them a requirement that ω4 = ω0 (four-frequency impurity model notation) in contrast to the model.
Understanding the determinants of users’ continuance intention to buy low-cost airline flights online

Purpose – Low cost carriers’ (LCC) worldwide market share is gaining momentum. This article proposes using the expectation confirmation model (ECM) combined with brand awareness and image, website quality, and visual appeal to evaluate the continuance use intention of low-cost airlines (LCA) websites. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical approach was based on an online survey of 272 individuals collected in Portugal. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings – Brand awareness, brand image, and satisfaction are the variables that best explain continuance intention. The leftover constructs can empirically explain ECM. Originality/value – This study seeks to understand the significance of brand awareness and image, website quality, and visual appeal in LCA websites' confirmation and continuance use intention. Understanding the influence on confirmation and long-term viability, strategies based on these conclusions are proposed for LCC companies to better promote consumers’ continuance use intention.
COMPARISON OF EXTRACTION BEHAVIOUR AND BASICITY OF SOME SUBSTITUTED MALONAMIDES

ABSTRACT The extraction behaviour for Am(III), Eu(III) and nitric acid is compared for eight different malonamides together with experimentally determined basicities and calculated gas-phase basicities. Water extraction data for two of the malonamides are also presented and shows that the water is co-extracted or solubilised by malonamide-HNO3 species. The relationship between metal extraction from aqueous nitric acid solution, basicity and the structure of the malonamide was investigated and it was found that the highest metal extraction was achieved with ligands of lowest basicity. The introduction of phenyl substituents on the nitrogens in the malonamide or the replacement of a carbon of the central carbon chain by an ether oxygen decreases the basicity and thus increases the metal extraction. The relative order of calculated gas-phase basicities, using ab initio methods, is in good agreement with the experimentally determined basicity scale.
Full validation of an electrothermal atomic absorption assay for zinc in hepatic tissue using a fast sample preparation procedure

The objective of this work was to develop and fully validate an analytical assay to quantify zinc in hepatic tissue. The procedure should be as simple and fast as possible in order to avoid sample contamination. The amount of sample used should also reflect the sample size usually obtained in clinical biopsies, which are about 3-4 mg at most. The validation protocol is in accordance to international guidelines, such as ICH and FDA. The parameters evaluated were precision, accuracy, range, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The method was evaluated in the 2.0-32.0 parts per billion (µg/l) range. Under the described conditions intra and inter day precision of the three levels of quality controls were lower than 9.06 and 5.27, respectively, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD). The accuracy ranged from 86.35 to 114.71%. Limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.60 and 2.0 µg/l, respectively. Fresh bovine liver samples were used in order to evaluate the clinical procedure used to collect biopsies. According to the results and experimental protocol, the method is fully validated and ready to use in clinical trials involving zinc quantitation using hepatic samples as small as 2.00 mg of dry tissue.
Microstructure and Thermal Analysis of Brake Pads Developed from Asbestos-Free Materials

This study was conducted on developed asbestos-free brake pad using coconut shell and seashell as fillers. The use of hazardous reinforcement like asbestos fiber in friction materials is being avoided because of its carcinogenic effects. Rule of mixture technique was utilized during sample formulation and a weight percent of 52% filler material, 5% friction modifier, 8% abrasive and 35% binder were utilized for production. A multi-response optimization technique (grey relational analysis) was used to obtain an optimal process parameter of moulding pressure (14 MPa), moulding temperature (140 oC), curing time (8 minutes) and heat treatment time (5 hours) for coconut shell-filled brake pad and moulding pressure (14 MPa), moulding temperature (160 oC), curing time (12 minutes) and heat treatment time (1 hour) for seashell-filled brake pad. Thermal analysis of commercial and optimized samples shows that the commercial brake pads possesses a better thermal stability compared to the optimized formulated brake pad samples with the coconut shell-filled samples showing the least thermal resistance. Also, microstructure analysis of the impact fractured surfaces of the commercial, seashell and coconut shell-filled brake pad was conducted using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that compare the commercial and seashell-filled samples, there were more uniform distribution of the resin in the coconut shell-filled composite leading to an improved bonding and closer inter- packing distance between its constituent particles and the epoxy resin. It was also revealed that the commercial brake pad possessed a higher thermal stability as the components were not noticeably degraded at temperatures at which the coconut shell and the seashell filled brake pads showed appreciable degradation.
Estimating the Likelihood of Future Tax Settlements

This study develops an ex-ante measure of the likelihood of future corporate income tax settlements using qualitative (i.e., language) and quantitative information (i.e., firm fundamentals) from the Form 10-K. We find that both qualitative and quantitative information are incrementally useful in predicting future tax settlements. We then use our new measure to examine the association between predicted future tax settlements and cash holdings. In contrast with prior research documenting a positive association between reserves for uncertain tax positions and cash holdings (Hanlon, Maydew and Saavedra 2017), we find that firms with a higher likelihood of future tax settlements hold less cash than firms with a lower likelihood of future tax settlements. In addition to providing an ex-ante measure of future cash outflows paid to tax authorities that can be used by future researchers, our findings suggest a more nuanced relation between tax uncertainty and cash holdings.
Some salivary parameters in relation to dental caries-experiences

Back ground: The aim of this study is to estimate the relation of salivary sodium, potassium, pH, and flow rate with dental caries experiences. Materials and Methods: In this study; 40 healthylooking subjects were participated, their ages were (18-25) years old included (18) females and (22) males. Dental caries was recorded using DMFS (Decayed, Missed, and Filled) surfaces index teeth and. stimulated saliva was collected before clinical measurement and chemically analyzed to determine the concentrations of sodium, potassium Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer then salivary pH estimated by using pH meter, and flow rate (ml/min) was estimated by dividing saliva volume (ml) by the fixed collected time (min), All data were analyzed using SPSS version 13. Results: The statistical analysis for the salivary sodium, potassium in both study (with caries) and control (free from caries) groups showed no significant difference in mean 0.9, 0.67 respectively (P>0.05). This is corresponds with the salivary pH and flow rate in both study (with caries) and control (free from caries) groups 0.98, 0.61 respectively (P>0.05). Conclusion: There are no relation between salivary sodium, potassium, pH, and flow rate with dental caries experience.
Reductive Ring‐Opening of Phthalan and Isochroman: Application to the Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Tetrahydrobenzazepines

The reaction of the dianionic intermediates 2a,b resulting from the lithiation of phthalan (1a) and isochroman (1b) with chiral N-tert-butylsulfinyl aldimines 9 in the presence of ZnMe2 gave, after hydrolysis, N-tert-butylsulfinyl amino alcohols 10 and 13, respectively, with high diastereoselectivity. Successive treatment of compounds 10 and 13 with hydrogen chloride in methanol, thionyl chloride in chloroform and sodium hydroxide led to the formation of tetrahydroisoquinolines 19 and tetrahydrobenzazepines 20. Depending on the structure of the starting chiral imine 9, benzoindolizidine 21, benzoquinolizidine 22 and benzopyrroloazepine 23 are also accessible through this methodology.
Response of Cotton to Irrigation Methods and Nitrogen Fertilization: Yield Components, Water‐Use Efficiency, Nitrogen Uptake, and Recovery

Efficient crop use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is critical from economic and environmental viewpoints, especially under irrigated conditions. Cotton yield parameters, fiber quality, water‐ and N‐use efficiency responses to N, and irrigation methods in northern Syria were evaluated. Field trials were conducted for two growing seasons on a Chromoxerertic Rhodoxeralf. Treatments consisted of drip fertigation, furrow irrigation, and five different rates of N fertilizer (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg N /ha). Cotton was irrigated when soil moisture in the specified active root depth was 80% of the field capacity as indicated by the neutron probe. Seed cotton yield was higher than the national average (3,928 kg/ha) by at least 12% as compared to all treatments. Lint properties were not negatively affected by the irrigation method or N rates. Water savings under drip fertigation ranged between 25 and 50% of irrigation water relative to furrow irrigation. Crop water‐use efficiencies of the drip‐fertigated treatments were in most cases 100% higher than those of the corresponding furrow‐irrigated treatments. The highest water demand was during the fruit‐setting growth stage. It was also concluded that under drip fertigation, 100–150 N kg/ha was adequate and comparable with the highest N rates tested under furrow irrigation regarding lint yield, N uptake, and recovery. Based on cotton seed yield and weight of stems, the overall amount of N removed from the field for the drip‐fertigated treatments ranged between 101 and 118kg and 116 and 188 N/ha for 2001 and 2002, respectively. The N removal ranged between 94 and 113 and 111 and 144 kg N/ha for the furrow‐irrigated treatments for 2001 and 2002, respectively.
The effects of Aloe vera [gel] on clotting time, prothrombin time and plasma fibrinogen concentration in albino Wistar rats

Background: Published reports on the effects of Aloe vera gel on blood coagulation in experimental animals are relatively scanty. Aim: To determine the effect of Aloe vera gel on clotting time, prothrombin time and plasma fibrinogen concentration in albino Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 28 adult albino Wistar rats divided into 4 groups (Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4) consisting of 7 rats in each group were used for the study. Groups 1, 2 and 3 served as the experimental groups, while Group 4 rats served as control. Rats in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were given respectively 200mg/kg/day, 100mg/kg/day and 50mg/kg/day of the Aloe vera gel on alternative days for 14 days. Rats in Group 4 [control] were given 1ml of distilled water in a similar manner. All the doses were given intra-peritoneal. The gel was obtained from the transparent mucilage of the leaves of the Aloe vera plant. Blood samples were obtained from the rats by direct cardiac puncture under chloroform anaesthesia. Prothrombin time was determined using 0.0325M calcium chloride and commercial thromboplastin; clotting time was determined using the Lee-White method as described by Ochei and Kolhatkar (2000). Plasma fibrinogen concentration was determined by the clot weight method as described by Ingram (1961). Results: Results obtained indicate that treatment with the Aloe vera gel significantly prolonged (p Keywords : Aloe vera, Clotting time, Plasma fibrinogen concentration, Prothrombin time Port Harcourt Medical Journal Vol. 2 (1) 2007: pp. 56-60