Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
N100, N200, and P300 Auditory Event-Related Potentials Depending on Handedness and Response Tasks such as Button Pressing and Mental Counting

The auditory event-related potential (AERP) is a time-locked tool to measure the electrical activity of the cerebral surface representing a distinct phase of cortical processing. The first N100 component has been conceptualized as a pre-attentive response related to perception. The N100 response was modulated by the physical characteristics of stimuli such as type, intensity, and duration, and also depended on subject factors such as the internal state, neural activity, and cognition. As it was the first stimulus in a series, the N100 amplitude was relatively high but lowered for subsequent repetitions of stimuli (Brown et al., 2002; Clearwater et al., 2008). N200 has been known to be a comprehensive response of cortical, thalamic, and brainstem regions, although the source of N200 activation relied on some extent to the limbic and complex generating system in the region of the thalamus (Ponton et al., 2002). N200 was also thought to be sensitive to cognitive aspects such as task demands and attention (Näätänen & Picton, 1986). However, the latency of N200 exhibited conflicting findings depending on the age of participants (Amenedo & Díaz, 1998). As observed only during conscious stimulus attention, P300 was often found as a part of complex components of N200, which were categorized as endogenous potentials because even mere mental counting tasks for target stimuli could elicit them well (Kaga et al., 2014). P300 reflected the brain activity required to update working memory when changes occurred in the stimulus and variation of the amplitude indicated the degree of inclusion of the central nervous system activity involved in processing information (Verleger et al., 2014). RESEARCH PAPER pISSN 2635-5019 / eISSN 2635-5027 / Audiol Speech Res 2020;16(4):314-320 / https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.200059 ASR
Etiological and Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Vestibular Symptoms, Retrospective Analysis

Objectives: Vertigo and dizziness are among the most common causes of medical consultation, with an estimated prevalence of 20% and 30%. Vertigo and/or dizziness are non-specific symptoms that can be caused by various disorders including central and peripheral disorders. The present study aimed to understand etiological and demographic characteristics of patients with vestibular symptoms. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical profiles of patients who suffered from vertigo and/or dizziness and sought medical advice from Ankara University İbn-i Sina Hospital otorhinolaryngology Department, Hearing, Speaking and Balance Disorders Center between September 2018 and September 2019 was performed. Results: A total of 444 patients between the age of 6 and 89 years were included in the study. Disregarding age groups and underlying cause, it was observed that women were more frequently affected by vertigo/dizziness. The most frequent cause of vertigo/dizziness was benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (59.23%) followed by unilateral/bilateral vestibular hypofunction (20.72%), central pathologies (14.63%). Meniere’s disease (3.60%) and vestibular neuritis (1.80%). Central vestibular disorders were found to be the most common pathology in children (53.84%). Conclusion: The most common disorder was the peripheral vestibular disorder and the most common diagnosis was benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in adults. Central vestibular disorders were recorded as the most common pathology in children. Optimal diagnosis of vertigo/dizziness related disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach.
Activity Based Teaching of Concept Types

Learning with activities is a method of learning where learning process is much easier with practical applications rather than theoretical structure of information given to learn a subject. As learning with activities contain practical applications, it is of great importance in teaching a learning outcome of any teaching program. For that reason, it is likely to teach the outcomes in the program of logic teaching by means of learning with activities. The current study was carried out for this reason. In the study, how the learning outcome of “Classification of the Types of Concept” could be taught with activities in the unit of classical logic in the logic course of the latest 2009 program was elaborated. In this way, it was tried to form an easy learning module by given examples regarding such kind of activities of the outcomes in teaching logic. The study is of importance in terms of obtaining a learning outcome by means of teaching with activities.
Prevalence of intestinal helminths and their effects on anthropometric, haematological and metabolic parameters among patients of two teaching hospitals in NDjamena (Chad)

This study was to determine intestinal helminths and their effects on anthropometric, hematological and metabolic parameters among patients in two teaching hospitals in the region of N’Djamena (Chad). Patients consisting of 300 adults at the gastroenterology service of the National Reference Teaching Hospital (NRTH) and 112 children at the pediatric ward in Mother and Child Teaching Hospital (MCTH). Their ages ranged from 3 months to 75 years. This study was conducted from July to September, 2017. Stool samples were collected from all patients and examined using the following techniques: Kato Katz, direct method and Willis floatation. Blood samples were collected to determine haemoglobin, eosinophil and leucocytes. From a total of 412 subjects, 87 (21.11%) had gastrointestinal helminth infections. Ten parasitic species were found: Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Teania saginata Trichuris trichura, Ankylostoma duodenale, Schistosoma mansoni, Hymenolepis diminuta , Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, and Teania solium. Hymenolepis nana and Ascaris lumbricoides were isolated from almost all the age groups. Parasitic infections were higher in children (49.10%) while in adults 10.67%. Patients infected by helminth species presented a lower average of haemoglobin level (8.62±1.043). The most frequent symptoms found were diarrhoea (5.33%) and abdominal pain (5.58%). Key words: Gastro-intestinal Helminths, sex and age, prevalence, anthropometric parameters.
Line manager implementation and employee HR attributions mediating mechanisms in the HRM system—Organizational performance relationship: A multilevel and multipath study

Drawing on the attribution and social exchange theories, this study by proposing an integrated multilevel and multipath framework examines the impact of HRM content on organizational performance, through the serially mediating mechanisms of HR strength, line manager HR implementation, and employee HR attributions. Using a sample of 158 Greek private organizations and having data from senior managers, line managers, and employees, we conducted a multilevel path analyses via Mplus. We found that between organizations (a) HR strength fully mediates the relationship between HRM content and line manager HR implementation, (b) line manager HR implementation fully mediates the relationship between HR strength and employee HR attributions, and (c) employee HR attributions fully mediate the relationship between line manager HR implementation and organizational performance. Accordingly, this study advances prior knowledge by examining an integrated research pathways framework that has largely been investigated in isolation.
Submergence of rice: Requirement of high CO sub 2 concentrations in the water for growth and photosynthesis

Complete submergence of lowland rice crops occur during flash floods in river valleys of Southeast Asian flood plains when water depths reach op to 2 m and last op to 14 days. The adverse effects of complete submergence of rice plants on growth was largely dependent on the CO{sub 2} concentration of the floodwater. Submergence of plants in stagnant solution at low CO{sub 2} concentration or solution gassed with air at 0.03 kPa CO{sub 2} decreased carbohydrates, and little or no growth occurred. Plants submerged in solutions gassed with 3-20 kPa CO{sub 2} in air showed at most small decreases in carbohydrate, and growth was up to 100% of the non-submerged plants. At pH 7.5 there was little net photosynthetic O{sub 2} evolution by detached submerged leaves even at high HCO{sub 3}{sup {minus}} concentrations, which suggests that rice leaves could only utilize CO{sub 2} and not HCO{sub 3}{sup {minus}}. At pH 6.5, O{sub 2} evolution was 3-4 fold higher in solutions in equilibrium with 7.4 than with 0.6 kPa CO{sub 2}. Photorespiration was indicated because the rate of net O{sub 2} evolution was reduced by increasing external O{sub 2}. In stagnant solutions the reduction of O{sub 2} evolution at increasingmore » external O{sub 2} was pronounced; at a CO{sub 2} concentration of 0.25 mol m{sup {minus}3} net O{sub 2} evolution ceased when the O{sub 2} concentration in the water had reached only 0.125 mol m{sup {minus}3}. The requirement of high CO{sub 2} concentrations in combination with low external O{sub 2} for photosynthesis was presumably caused by slow diffusion of these gases in the unstirred layer of solution around the leaves. « less
The Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies, Cognitive Flexibility, and Distress Tolerance in Death Anxiety Among Women with Hypertension: A Descriptive Correlation Study

Background: Death anxiety and its consequence are among the most important mental health issues that should be considered in hypertension patients. Some studies reported that cognitive emotion regulation strategies, cognitive flexibility, and distress tolerance, both influence and predict mental health. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the role of these variables on death anxiety among women with hypertension. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study that was conducted on 150 women with hypertension who were referred to hospitals in Rasht in 2018. Participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. Death Anxiety scale (DAS), the Distress Tolerance scale (DTS), the cognitive flexibility inventory (CFI), and the short version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation questionnaire (CERQ) were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using both descriptive (means and standard deviations) and inferential (the Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis) analyzes using SPSS. Results: Overall cognitive emotion regulation strategies (r = -0.20), refocus on planning (r = -0.28), acceptance (r = -0.35), positive reappraisal (r = -0.20), and putting into perspective (r = -0.42) had diverse significant relationships with death anxiety. In contrast, catastrophizing (r = 0.19), rumination (r = 0.19), and self-blame (r = 0.16) had direct significant correlations. Besides, overall cognitive flexibility (r = 0.61), controllability (r = -0.21), alternatives (r = -0.44), behavioral justification (r = -0.23), overall distress tolerance (r = -0.21), tolerance (r = -0.18), appraisal (r = -0.15), and regulation (r = -0.17) had diverse significant correlations with death anxiety; however, absorption (r = 0.52) had a direct significant relationship with death (P ≤ 0.05). The results of the stepwise regression analysis indicated that the research variables were could explain 71% of the variance in death anxiety (R2 = 0.71), and overall cognitive flexibility had the strongest role in explaining death anxiety (beta = -0.67), which was significant at the 1% level (P ≤ 0.0001). Conclusions: Based on the findings, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, cognitive flexibility, and distress tolerance were associated with death anxiety, and cognitive flexibility had the strongest role in predicting death anxiety.
Morphometric comparisons and novel observations of diurnal and low-light-foraging bees

Low-light adapted bees are substantially understudied components of the bee fauna, particularly in Australia. Whilst several species in Australia are thought to be adapted to low-light conditions, explicit records of these taxa actually foraging at twilight or night are absent from the scientific literature. We present the first observations of Australian bees foraging in low-light conditions as well as the first evidence of low-light foraging behaviour in the colletid bee subfamily, Hylaeinae. Using morphometrics of Australian and more broadly-distributed diurnal, facultative low-light and obligate low-light adapted bees, we explore the use of morphological traits to objectively assess possible low-light behaviour and corroborate low-light collection events. Our results show that it is possible to morphologically distinguish between diurnal and low-light adapted bees, and that there is a spectrum of characters that are associated with low light conditions. We use GIS to show that low-light adapted species occur mostly in the tropics, but that some species have subtropical, arid and even temperate distributions. As low-light foraging behaviour in bees is infrequently reported, it appears that low-light foraging behaviour is more common than currently appreciated, highlighting the need for extended bee-sampling periods and more consistent collection data to increase the understanding of this little-understood aspect of bee behaviour.
Elderly Users’ Satisfaction with Public Transport in Thailand Using Different Importance Performance Analysis Approaches

Due to the rapid increase in population and the change in age structure toward the elderly, the phenomenon of societal ageing is being witnessed in many countries. The elderly travel less than the adult population due to decreasing mobility with an increasing age. In this study, we aimed to analyze the expectations and satisfaction of public transport users in Thailand using traditional importance performance analysis (IPA), gap analysis, and IPA integrated with competitor performance. We aimed to explain the differences in the analysis results produced by the three methods. The data were obtained from surveying 2250 elderly and 450 non-elderly adults. This study presents guidelines for improving the public transport service quality in Thailand to meet user needs. The results of this research showed that each approach provides its own distinctive aspects and theoretical differences, which lead to different interpretations. The results from the three approaches showed that equipment that increases safety for public transportation service users is an important factor for all elderly passengers that must be improved. Public transportation services in different regions should be developed to provide more reliable and regular services.
Glacier Changes in the Semi-Arid Huasco Valley, Chile, between 1986 and 2016

In the semi-arid and arid regions of the Chilean Andes, meltwater from the cryosphere is a key resource for the local economy and population. In this setting, climate change and economic activities foster water scarcity and resource conflicts. The study presents a detailed glacier and rock glacier inventory for the Huasco valley (28–29° S) in northern Chile based on a multi-temporal remote sensing approach. The results indicate a glacier-covered area of 16.35 ± 3.06 km2 (n = 167) and, additionally, 50 rock glaciers covering an area of about 8.6 km2 in 2016. About 81% of the ice-bodies are smaller than 0.1 km2, and only four glaciers are larger than 1 km2. The change analysis reveals a more or less stable period between 1986 and 2000 and a drastic decline in the glacier-covered area by about 35% between 2000 and 2016. The detailed assessment of six subregions indicates a more pronounced glacier decrease in the vicinity of the Pascua Lama mining project.
THE OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE, BOARD OF DIRECTORS, DIVERSIFICATION, AND DISCLOSURE OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICIES

ABSTRACT Anti-corruption disclosures reflect the company's commitment to prevent and combat corruption. This study examines the impact of managerial ownership, block holder ownership, government ownership, diversification, board independence, the board of commissioners' size, and diversification on anti-corruption disclosures. The object of this research is IDX listed companies from 2013 to 2017. Data obtained from the company's annual report Data analysis is multiple linear regression. The results showed that the managerial ownership, government ownership, board independence, and board size positively affected anti-corruption disclosures, block holders ownership had a negative effect, and diversification positively affected anti-corruption disclosures. ABSTRAK Pengungkapan anti-korupsi menunjukkan komitmen perusahaan untuk mencegah dan memberantas korupsi. Penelitian ini menguji dampak kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan pemegang blok, kepemilikan pemerintah, diversifikasi, independensi dewan komisaris, dan ukuran dewan komisaris terhadap pengungkapan anti korupsi. Objek penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2013 -2017. Data diperoleh dari laporan tahunan perusahaan Analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur kepemilikan manajerial, struktur kepemilikan pemerintah, independensi dewan komisaris dan ukuran dewan komisaris berpengaruh positif terhadap pengungkapan anti korupsi, sedangkan struktur kepemilikan blockholder berpengaruh negatif dan diversifikasi berpengaruh positif pada pengungkapan anti korupsi.
Relationship Between the Practices of Learning Organization and Teacher Leadership at Indigenous Primary Schools of Kuala Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia

The main focus of this study was to (1) identify the level of the practices of learning organization, (2) identify the level of teachers’ leadership, and (3) determine the relationship between practices of learning organization and teacher leadership. The theoretical framework of both Watkins and Marsick (1999) and Katzenmeyer and Moller (2009) were modified to form the conceptual framework of the study. The data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 72 teachers which were randomly selected from six Indigenous Primary Schools of Kuala Langat District, Selangor. The study was a quantitative research. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using the SPSS IBM Version 23.0 software. The results showed that the practices of learning organization by teachers recorded a high level of mean value at 3.87 and at 4.05 for teacher leadership. There was a moderate, positive and significant relationship between practices of learning organization and teacher leadership (r = 0.699, p<0.01). This finding promotes practices of learning organization in schools which may lead to positive changes in teacher leadership. The implication of the study is the practices of learning organization should be practised at individuals, teams and organization levels in schools to improve the leadership skills of teachers through learning continuously .
Does Cultural Diversity of Board of Directors Affect Corporate Environmental Performance? Evidence From the Energy Sector

This paper has a twofold objective. First, it intends to investigate if and how the cultural diversity of the board of directors affects the corporate environmental performance of energy firms. Second, it aims at verifying if the relationship between board cultural diversity and corporate environmental performance varies across different legal systems. To address this topic, panel data methodology was used on a sample of 153 firms operating in the energy sector, from 32 countries, over the period 2013-2018. The findings suggest that a higher board’s cultural heterogeneity positively affects corporate environmental performance. Moreover, the study reveals that this link is stronger among energy firms from civil law countries compared to energy firms from common law countries.
EVALUTING THE ABILITY OF PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS AQUEOUS EXTRACT TO MODULATE GENOTOXICITY INDUCED BY CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE IN MICE BONE MARROW CELLS

This study was amied to evaluate the ability of local oyster mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatus; ID:MF065715.1; cultivated until maturation in growth medium containing cumin extract) to modulate the genotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamid (CP) in bone marrow cells of mice. In vivo genotoxicity was assessed by quantifying the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow cells of mice that were administered different doses of P.ostreatus extract (150, 200,250, and 300 mg/kg/day( respectively, individually, and in combination with CP (40 mg/kg body weight) according to the following three experimental protocols (pre 2h, post 2h, and concomitant treatment for 14 days , respectively). Analysis and microscopic examination of micronuclei (MN) revealed no mutagenic effect of P.ostreatus extract alone at all the doses evaluated. By contrast, CP administration significantly increased (P<0.05) incidence of MN.Importantly, co-administration of P.ostreatus extract with CP caused a significant and dose-dependent reduction in MN induced by CP in the murine bone marrow cells.These data suggest that P.ostreatus extract administration has a protective effect against genotoxic damage inflicted by CP. The dietary cumin may serve as a scavenger for free radicals generated by CP and may augment the antioxidant activity of P. ostreatus extract. These findings open up new avenues for the use of oyster mushroom in many applications, including pharmacological preparations and food
Promoting the Absence of Pesticides through Product Labels: The Role of Showing a Specific Description of the Harmful Effects, Environmental Attitude, and Familiarity with Pesticides

Few studies have analyzed the mechanisms of how environmental labels influence consumers’ perception and consequent behavior. The present study puts forth specific questions of how pesticide-free products should be promoted through product labels. Data were collected via controlled experimentation. The results demonstrate that pesticide-free labels with specific information on the harmful effects of pesticides have a more positive impact on perceived value and purchase intention relative to pesticide-free labels with a general description of the harmful effects of pesticides. The results also show that the positive effects of promoting the absence of pesticides through product labels on perceived quality, perceived value, and purchase intention are stronger among individuals who are high in environmental attitude and familiarity with pesticides. Policymakers, producers, and retailers could use these findings for better decision-making.