Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of the use and utility of industrial network-based open source simulators: functionality, security, and policy viewpoints

Simulation can provide a useful means to understand issues linked to industrial network operations. For transparent, collaborative, cost-effective solutions development, and to attract the broadest interest base, simulation is critical and open source suggested, because it costs less to access, install, and use. This study contributes new insights from security and functionality characteristics metrics to underscore the use and effectiveness of open source simulators. Several open source simulators span applications in communications and wireless sensor networks, industrial control systems, and the Industrial Internet of Things. Some drivers for their use span are as follows: supported license types; programming languages; operating systems platforms; user interface types; documentation and communication types; citations; code commits; and number of contributors. Research in these simulators is built around performance and optimization relative to flexibility, scalability, mobility, and active user support. No single simulator addresses all these conceivable characteristics. In addition to modeling contexts that match real-world scenarios and issues, an effective open source simulator needs to demonstrate credibility, which can be gained partly through actively engaging experts from interdisciplinary teams along with user contributions integrated under tight editorial controls. Government-led policies and regulations are also necessary to support their wider awareness and more productive use for real-world purposes.
The efficacy of the new Agriotes sex pheromone traps in detecting wireworm population levels in different european countries

New Agriotes sex pheromone traps were tested in different European countries enabling the suitability of the traps in monitoring different populations and the relationship between pheromone trap catches and wireworm population levels to be studied under a range of climatic and agronomic conditions. Trials were done in the United Kingdom, Eastern Croatia, Central Croatia, central Romania, Central Eastern Romania, Germany, Bulgaria from 1999 to 2001. The areas of the regions where the experimentation was done have very variable climati and agronomic characteristics ( latitude ranged from 42* to 56*). All trials were done using a common protocol. In the first 2 years YALTOR and VARb traps were used while in 2001 a trap design suitable for both flying and crawling species (YALTORfunnel) was used. Individual traps were baited with the lures for one of the following species: A. lineatus L. , A. oscurus, L. , A. sputator, L. , A.sordidus Illiger, A. rufipalpis, Brulle, A.brevis Candeze, A. litigiosus Rossi, A. ustulatus Schaller. Larval population was estimated by using bait traps and soil sampling. In all regions conducting studies the pheromone trap were confirmed to e a sensitive tool for detecting the key wireworm species present. Al all sites it was possible to detect the dominant species. Furthermore the traps appeard to be selective enough to distinguish A. sputator and A. brevis despite these two species being sistematically very close. Males of minor species (also not Agriotes) were found in some traps (for example Cyndopus pilosus Leske in Bulgaria). The response of the different species to the different monitoring tools was very variable. Generally sex pheromone traps proved to be much more sensitive tool than soil sampling and bait traps for larvae. For all species traps were able to detect wireworm populations below those that can be reliably detected using soil sampling and bait trapping. In addition pheromone traps proved to be effective in detecting the regional variations of swarming patterns of the same species.
Changes in the Spatial Pattern and Ecological Functionalities of Green Spaces in Lubumbashi (the Democratic Republic of Congo) in Relation With the Degree of Urbanization

An accurate description of spatial urban growth is a prerequisite step in order to implement appropriated policies to improve the ecosystem service performance of green spaces in a city. Such information is, however, absent in Lubumbashi, the second metropolis of the Democratic Republic of Congo, despite its high demographic growth rate and an unplanned spatial urban growth. This study was designed to characterize the spatial pattern of green spaces and the extent of changes driven by the urbanization along the urban–rural gradient using a combination of landscape metrics and floristic plots. Our results revealed that the number of patches was directly proportional to the degree of urbanization of the city, whereas the area of the green spaces and the index of the largest patch showed an inverse relationship with the urbanization degree. Urban green spaces were dominated by attached and roadside spaces that are more equipped and present a higher occurrence of cultivated plants. By contrast, peri-urban green spaces were characterized by buffer zones, fields, abandoned areas, and informal spaces, with an elevated proportion of invasive species and natural vegetation. Moreover, it was found that the number of exotic species increased with the degree of urbanization, reaching values considered a threat to the indigenous flora. The current results underline the need for urgent measures oriented both toward increasing the spatial connectivity between green spaces (e.g., by creating new green spaces planted with indigenous species) while reducing the spread of invasive species in the city.
The Effect of Emotional Intelligence of Operational Team Leaders on the Performance of Team Members

This study is aimed at identifying the effect of emotional intelligence with its dimensions (self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, motivation, and social skills) on the performance of working teams with its dimensions (task performance, contextual performance, and counterproductive performance) among employees on the operational lines of industrial companies operating in the Jordanian city of Sahab. The analysis is limited to employees in those companies, and the questionnaire is used as a data collection tool, taking a simple random sample to represent the study population. In addition to the analysis of 216 questionnaires, the SPSS program is used as a data analysis tool in the study. The study emphasizes the importance of emotional intelligence dimensions for operational team leaders, especially motivation and social skills dimensions because they have a higher effect on the task performance and contextual performance levels, while all dimensions of emotional intelligence have a negative effect on counterproductive performance for operational team members.
Effect of Annona muricata L. (1753) (Annonaceae) seeds extracts on Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

The use of botanical acaricides extracted from plants as an alternative to replace the chemical acaricides is an interesting and efficient option to control pests and ameliorate their toxic effects to humans and the environment. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of seed extracts of Annona muricata (Annonaceae) to control the mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) using disks of 5.0 cm in diameter jack bean leaves, Canavalia ensiformis (Fabaceae) as a substrate. The ethanolic extract of the seeds showed the highest toxicity to the mite, with LC50 around 1.77 mg/ml, followed by hexanic and aqueous extracts, with LC50 estimated at 3.29 and 151.74 mg/ml, respectively. Abamectin caused mortality of 40% to T. urticae in a commercial dosage of 100 ml/100 L. The repellent effect of the ethanolic extract, the toxicity on eggs and the residual effect on mites were also evaluated. The concentrations of 0.61, 0.88 and 1.77 mg/ml, as well as Abamectin had neutral effects on T. urticae and the concentrations of 3.10, 5.11 and 12.07 mg/ml were repellent. The viability of the eggs when sprayed with the ethanolic extract (LC99), Abamectin and the control was 9.5, 76.5 and 91.5%, respectively. The residual effect of ethanolic extract was 120 h after application (HAA), with mortality rates above 80%; Abamectin presented residual effect of 48 HAA with 33.3% mortality. In this way, the ethanolic extract of A. muricata proved to be a promising product to the control of T. urticae. Key words: Botanical acaricide, spotted spider mite, soursop.
Adaptive steered molecular dynamics of biomolecules

ABSTRACT Adaptive steered molecular dynamics (ASMD) is a variant of steered molecular dynamics (SMD) in which the driving of the auxiliary – viz steered – particle is performed in stages. In SMD, many nonequilibrium trajectories are generated allowing for fast sampling of the ensemble space and access to rare events. Equilibrium observables, such as the potential of mean force along the pathway, result from averaging over these trajectories using Jarzynski's Equality (JE). Unfortunately, in SMD, a large number of trajectories are needed to cover all possible configurations in order to obtain converged quantities in the exponential average of the JE, and this is computationally expensive. ASMD reduces the number of trajectories that must be sampled by discarding those trajectories that have deviated far from the equilibrium path in stages. At the end of a stage, one chooses – or contracts – one (in naïve ASMD) or some (in multi-branched ASMD or MB-ASMD) of the configurations produced from the previous stage to initiate the trajectories in the next stage. Alternatively, in full-relaxation ASMD (FR-ASMD), all generated structures are relaxed under the constraint of a fixed auxiliary particle exerting no net work on the system. We provide a direct comparison of the energetics and other observables obtained from these approaches. We find that FR-ASMD is preferred when the unfolding pathways follow up along a single funnel and the system is sufficiently small that computational resources are not a limiting concern. It gives the highest accuracy in such cases while avoiding the inefficiencies of SMD. However, for complex energy landscapes typical of most multi-domain proteins, MB-ASMD is preferred because it provides a mechanism to sample alternative pathways while suffering only a modest loss in accuracy compared to FR-ASMD.
Complete chloroplast genomes of Archiclematis , Naravelia and Clematis (Ranunculaceae), and their phylogenetic implications

Archiclematis and Naravelia were considered to be two small genera closely related to the large cosmopolitan genus Clematis . They have been included into Clematis s.l. in recent years according to molecular phylogenetic evidence. There is still little genomic information available for Archiclematis and Naravelia species. In this study, six complete chloroplast genomes from Archiclematis , Naravelia and Clematis were reported based on Illumina sequencing. The gene order and organization of the chloroplast genomes of Archiclematis and Naravelia are the same with that of Clematis . Analysis of eight complete chloroplast genomes showed that the plastomes of Clematis s.l. are typically circular, with a total length ranging from 159,513 bp to 159,783 bp. The total number of genes is identical within the broadly defined genus Clematis . We also identified variation hotspots, plastid repeats and SSRs for Clematis s.l. species. Our plastid phylogenomic analyses recovered the inclusion of Archiclematis and Naravelia into Clematis . The present study provides important phylogenomic data of Ranunculaceae and illuminates the phylogenetic relationships among Clematis species.
Linking Supervisor and Subordinate’s Negative Work–Family Experience: The Role of Family Supportive Supervisor Behavior

In the past decade, family supportive supervisor behavior (FSSB) has emerged as an important factor that can help employees manage work–family needs. Although the existing literature has documented the benefits of FSSB, we know little about the emerging process of FSSB. Drawing on the conservation of resources theory, we propose that supervisor engagement in FSSB is influenced by the extent to which the supervisor has sufficient resources for work. This study uses the joint effect of supervisors’ family–work conflict (FWC) and organizational work–family culture to predict the time supervisors spend on core tasks, FSSB, and subordinates’ work–family conflict (WFC), in sequence. Data were collected from paired supervisor–subordinate dyads among 83 supervisors and 276 subordinates. The results indicate that supervisors with high FWC spend more time on core tasks and display less FSSB, which ultimately result in higher subordinates’ WFC, especially in organizations with a lower level of organizational work–family culture. In contrast, supervisors’ FWC does not result in any negative influences on the supervisors themselves or their subordinates at work in organizations with a higher level of organizational work–family culture. Therefore, the theoretical model provides evidence that supervisors’ negative work–family experience cascades down to their subordinates.
Regular use effect of inhaled ipratropium bromide and methacholine responsiveness in well-controlled asthma

Abstract RATIONALE: Short-acting β2-agonists provide significant bronchoprotection to inhaled methacholine in individuals with asthma. Regular use of β2-agonists results in the development of tolerance to the bronchoprotective effect. A relatively minimal amount is known regarding the development of tolerance following regular use of short-acting muscarinic antagonists. OBJECTIVES The current study was undertaken to assess bronchoprotection after regular use of inhaled ipratropium bromide (“ipratropium”) and after treatment withdrawal. METHODS Twelve adult participants with mild asthma were assigned to treatment in this double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover study. Ipratropium, 40 µg thrice daily, and matching placebo were administered for 1 week (22 doses). Methacholine challenges were performed at baseline, 30-min post first and last dose and 24-h after the final dose. A minimum 7-day washout period separated the treatments. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Significant bronchoprotection, measured as an increase in methacholine PD20 of 4.3 doubling doses (95% CI 3.62–5.06), occurred following the first dose of ipratropium. Bronchoprotection increased slightly to 4.5 doubling doses (95% CI 3.80–5.27) following regular use. Dose shifts following placebo were significantly lower at 0.23 (95% CI −0.30–0.75) and 0.11 (95%CI −0.63–0.85) after the first and last dose respectively (p < 0.001 vs. ipratropium for both). Changes from baseline methacholine PD20 24-h after treatment withdrawal were not significant between treatments (p = 0.19). CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence that regular use of inhaled ipratropium does not result in loss of bronchoprotection or lead to rebound hyperresponsiveness following treatment withdrawal. Muscarinic antagonists appear to have a superior safety profile over β2-agonist use in the treatment of asthma.
The Resilience of Habitable Climates Around Circumbinary Stars

Here we use a 3‐D climate system model to study the habitability of Earth‐like planets orbiting in circumbinary systems. In the most extreme cases, Earth‐like planets in circumbinary systems could experience variations in the incident stellar flux of up to ~50% on ~100‐day timescales. However, we find that Earth‐like planets, having abundant surface liquid water, are generally effective at buffering against these time‐dependent changes in the stellar irradiation due to the high thermal inertia of oceans compared with the relatively short periods of circumbinary‐driven variations in the received stellar flux. Ocean surface temperatures exhibit little to no variation in time; however, land surfaces can experience modest changes in temperature, thus exhibiting an additional mode of climate variability driven by the circumbinary variations. Still, meaningful oscillations in surface temperatures are only found for circumbinary system architectures featuring the largest physically possible amplitudes in the stellar flux variation. In the most extreme cases, an Earth‐like planet could experience circumbinary‐driven variations in the global mean land surface temperature of up to ~5 K, and variations of local daytime maximum temperatures of up to ~12 K on seasonal timescales, while the global mean ocean temperatures vary by less than ~2 K. Such seasonal temperature swings over land areas could potentially pose adaptability challenges for extant life. Still, habitable planets in circumbinary systems appear to be remarkably resilient against circumbinary‐driven climate variations and can avoid any true climate catastrophes.
A Second Chance? Labor Market Returns to Adult Education Using School Reforms

Roughly one third of a cohort drop out of high school across OECD countries, and developing effective tools to address prime-aged high school dropouts is a key policy question. We leverage high quality Norwegian register data, and for identification we exploit reforms enabling access to high school for adults above the age of 25. The paper finds that considerable increases in high school completion and beyond among women lead to higher earnings, increased employment, and decreased fertility. As male education remains unchanged by the reforms, later life education reduces the pre-existing gender earnings gap by a considerable fraction.
Effects of Drought and Salinity on European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) Seedlings

Larix decidua, the European larch, is not normally affected by drought or salinity in its natural habitats, but it may be when grown as an ornamental tree, by the widespread practice of winter de-icing of mountain roads with NaCl, and because of global warming-induced environmental changes. The responses of two-month-old larch seedlings to 30 days water deficit (withholding irrigation) or salt stress (150 mM NaCl) treatments were studied by determining stress-induced changes in several growth parameters and biochemical markers (ion and osmolyte contents, level of oxidative stress, activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems). Both treatments caused the inhibition of growth, degradation of photosynthetic pigments, a small increase in malondialdehyde (MDA, an oxidative stress biomarker), and the activation of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR). In all cases, salinity appeared to have stronger effects on the seedlings than water deficit. The presence of relatively high concentrations of glycine betaine, both in control and stressed plants, may represent a constitutive mechanism of defence against stress in European larch. Additionally, other responses were specific for salt stress and included the activation of K+ transport from roots to shoots and the accumulation of Pro as an osmoprotectant.
Radiolytic stability of pillar[5]arene-based diglycolamides

Abstract Radiolytic stability of pillar[5]arene-based diglycolamides (P5DGAs) against gamma irradiation up to 1000 kGy adsorbed dose was studied. The results reveal the increase of radiation damage degree on P5DGAs with dose. The radiolysis products of P5DGAs including the gaseous and solid products were fully characterized by 1H NMR, HR-ESI-MS, GC, and HPLC techniques. It was found that the main radiolytic gas products of P5DGAs under argon are H2, N2, CO and gaseous hydrocarbons. The solid degradation products contain phenolic hydroxyl groups and secondary amine groups. In addition, solvent extraction toward Eu(III) was performed with P5DGAs, in which about 50% decrease on extraction efficiency was observed for irradiated P5DGAs with dose of 1000 kGy in comparison with the non-irradiated one. A radiolytic degradation pathway was also proposed based on the above results. This is the first time to investigate the radiolytic stability of neat P5DGAs and P5DGAs in molecular diluent in detail and provides useful information for further application of P5DGAs in practical applications for spent fuel reprocessing.
Exploring the use of online machine translation for independent language learning

Research in Learning Technology 2020. © 2020 A.N. Sfhea. Research in Learning Technology is the journal of the Association for Learning Technology (ALT), a UK-based professional and scholarly society and membership organisation. ALT is registered charity number 1063519. http://www.alt. ac.uk/. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Experimental investigation on physical and mechanical properties of a recycled polymer composite material as a function of the filler size

Knowing the basic properties of a new material is paramount when using it but also allows to infer its performances and subsequently to improve them. This work set out to determine the physical and mechanical properties of a wood plastic composite (WPoC) based on dissolved polystyrene in petrol and mixed with teak sawdust. The evolution of the density, porosity, absorption, thickness swelling, Young modulus, maximum stress and Poisson's ratio, of this WPoC are studied as a function of its composition. The obtained results show that it has a low water absorption rate and a negligible rate of thickness swelling, which makes it likely favorable for use in contact with water. Its porosity depends on the size of the wood particles that make it up. From a mechanical point of view, the WPoC presented in this paper shows a short plastic domain in tension and a ductile-type behavior in compression. On overall, its mechanical characteristics decrease as the size of the wood particles increases due to insufficient adhesion of the wood-matrix interface, the residual presence of solvent being the main responsible of it. The mechanical properties of the WPoC could be improved if consideration is given to removing the solvent from it, with the possible use of a coupling agent and plant fibers such as hemp fibers.
“You’re a Different Kind of Black—Where You From?”: The Qualifying Role of Place in the Construction of Black Racial and Ethnic Identities among Louisiana Creole Migrants

Much of the contemporary scholarship on Black identities focuses on how multiraciality, immigrant status, class, and neighborhood characteristics shape how social actors negotiate identities. In contrast, little analysis exists of how internal migration and regional origin or ancestry shape such negotiations. The study addresses this gap using interview data to examine how U.S.-born Black Louisianans with Creole heritage, who moved to Los Angeles along with their children during the Great Migration, actively negotiate racial/ethnic identities. The results show that participants negotiate identities situationally, especially when ambiguous appearances or surnames trigger interactional encounters in which they are mis-placed as “foreign” to the United States. Specifically, as migrants from one internal U.S. region to another, they use geographical references to situate Black racial and Creole ethnic identities (e.g., they refer to Louisiana or New Orleans) when interacting with non-Creole African Americans and non-Black people in Los Angeles. The study extends prior research on heterogeneous Black identities by demonstrating how internal migration, mixed racial/ethnic ancestry, and region of origin influence native-born Black American identities.