Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trait Energy and Fatigue Inﬂuence Inter-Individual Mood and Neurocognitive Responses during Work Done While Sitting, Standing, and Intermittent Walking: A Randomized-Controlled Crossover Design

: College students can be sedentary for a majority of the day, which may exacerbate mental health issues or lead to declines in cognitive task performance; however, interventions to address sedentary behaviors may not positively inﬂuence everyone. Therefore, the present study sought to identify inter-individual cognitive performance and mood changes of college students during the performance of a cognitive task battery, while seated, standing and with intermittent bouts of walking. Participants (n = 31, age = 25.80 ± 3.61 yrs, 7 male) completed a series of baseline questionnaires including the Trait Mental and Physical Energy and Fatigue survey. Using a randomized controlled cross-over design, participants completed 3 separate testing sessions. At each session, they performed a series of three rounds of cognitive tasks for 27 min and self-reporting mood states for 1 min in the seated position. Each round of cognitive testing was followed by a 2 min break. Each testing day had participants spend the 2 min break in a different condition: sitting, standing, or walking. A series of mixed ANOVAs were used for the primary analysis and a combination of machine learning regressors and classiﬁers were used for the secondary analysis. Our results suggest that there are unique inter-individual responses to each of the interventions used during the 2 min break. Participants who were low-trait mental and low-trait physical energy beneﬁted the most from the standing desk intervention, while also reporting signiﬁcant beneﬁts of intermittent walking. However, participants who were low-trait mental fatigue had signiﬁcant negative consequences of using both standing desks and walking intermittently, while those who were high-trait mental fatigue saw no change in cognitive responses or moods in those conditions. Post hoc machine learning analyses had modest accuracy rates (MAEs < 0.7 for regressors and accuracy rates >60% for classiﬁers), suggesting that trait mental and physical energy and fatigue may predict inter-individual responses to these interventions. Incorporating standing desks into college classroom settings may result in some students receiving cognitive beneﬁts when inter-individual variability in mood and cognitive responses are accounted for.
Evolution and Persistence Enhancing Patterns in Multiple Sclerosis:

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Contrast enhancement on MR images of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is known to be associated with abnormalities of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, little is known about diagnostic patterns and common features of enhanced MS lesions. This study was designed to evaluate initial enhancement patterns, changes in these enhancing patterns, and duration of enhancement in a cohort of patients with MS. METHODS: Twenty-ﬁve patients with clinically deﬁnite MS were studied retrospectively. The appearance of enhancing lesions and sequential changes in the appearance on axial contrast-enhanced spin-echo images were evaluated. The enhancing lesions were classiﬁed as nodular, ringlike, or ‘‘other’’ (eg, arclike). RESULTS: Of 301 new enhancing lesions, 205 (68%) showed nodular enhancement, 70 (23%) a ring pattern, and 26 (9%) a pattern neither nodular nor ringlike (eg, arclike). Two hundred eighty (93%) of 301 enhancing lesions disappeared within 6 months, and seven (2%) lesions showed persistent enhancement longer than 6 months. The other 14 (5%) lesions, which disappeared by the time of the next scan, were excluded, because the course between two examinations was longer than 6 months. Of nine persisting nodular enhancing lesions on the follow-up images, seven were decreased in size, whereas all of two persisting ringlike enhancing lesions on the follow-up images were larger than before. CONCLUSION: Nodular enhancement is the predominant enhancement pattern for new MS lesions, and the temporal course of enhancement is usually shorter than 6 months. The appreciation of the evolution of MS-enhanced lesions aids in both identifying new MS lesions and distinguishing these lesions from other pathologic entities. This may be helpful in clinically evaluating the stage of MS lesions.
Direct hybridization facilitates the simultaneous identi�cation and introgression of QTL for adult plant resistance to the Ug99 stem rust lineage from tetraploid Khorasan wheat to common wheat

The Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) Ug99 race group presents a major challenge to global wheat production. Satisfying current and future demands hinges on the discovery of new sources of resistance. It is imperative that the durability and diversity of Ug99 resistance is improved by identifying and deploying novel resistance genes. Progenitor species and wild relatives of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) have proven to be rich sources of genetic diversity. The Khorasan wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. turanicum) accession CItr 11390 displays adult plant resistance (APR) to Ug99 races. 121 BC 1 F 5 - derived recombinant inbred lines were developed from a cross between CItr 11390 and MN07098-6 to map and introgress resistance loci from CItr 11390. The population was evaluated in Kenya and Ethiopia in 2019 and 2020. Two APR QTL from CItr 11390 were detected in multiple environments. QSr.umn-2A is believed to be the APR gene Sr63 on chromosome 2AL. QSr.umn-6BL was identi�ed on 6BL upstream from Sr11. The distance from Sr11 and lack of APR QTL reported on 6BL suggest QSr.umn-6BL is a novel locus. Additional QTL were mapped to chromosomes 1AS, 3AL, 3BL, 5AL, and 6BS in single environments. The population segregates for TKTTF seedling resistance conferred by Sr7a and a novel locus, QSr.umn-5A.1. The population consists of the �rst hexaploid wheat lines to pyramid Sr7a, Sr57/Lr34/Yr18, Sr63, and QSr.umn-6BL. This study is the �rst report of Pgt resistance QTL from Khorasan wheat, and it demonstrates the feasibility of simultaneously identifying and transferring resistance QTL from tetraploid to hexaploid wheat.
Preliminary Outcomes with Dual Mobility Cups in Patients Older Than 65 With Hip Fractures. A Retrospective Analysis of 102 Patients

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to assess the functional outcomes and dislocation rate in the treatment with dual mobility prostheses in patients older than 65 with hip fractures. Materials and Methods: We analyzed all patients treated between 2017 and 2021 for hip fractures in our service. We included patients older than 65 years, treated with dual mobility cups, and a minimum follow-up of 24 months. We analyzed demographic data, comorbidities, functional outcomes (Parker score and Harris Hip Score, HHS), complications (infection, dislocation, loosening), reoperations, and revisions. results: We included 102 hip fractures (75 medial and 27 intertrochanteric) in 102 patients. Seventy-four (72.5%) were women, the mean age was 80.59  6.92 years, the mean Charlson index was 4.71 (range 3-10), and ASA was 2.47 (1-4). 93.1% started walking on the second postoperative day. 94.1% presented excellent or very good outcomes according to the HHS, the postoperative Parker index did not show significant differences in comparison to the preoperative one (p < 0.05). The average follow-up was 30 months (range 24-60). There were 8 (7.84%) complications: 2 (1.9%) deep vein thrombosis, 4 (3.9%) pulmonary thromboembolism, 3 infections (2.9%), and 1 (0.9%) dislocation. The reoperation rate was 2.9%. conclusions: We obtained acceptable functional outcomes using dual mobility cups with a relatively low dislocation rate (0.9%). This suggests that these implants are an option to consider in treating these lesions.
with Overlooked Information on MR Images Revisiting Anterior Atlantoaxial Subluxation

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The ADI is the imaging diagnostic clue to AAA subluxation of the cervical spine. Some MR imaging findings other than abnormal ADI relate to AAA subluxation. However, their relationship is not yet clarified. The present study elucidates the role of MR imaging by employing these previously overlooked findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study enrolled 40 patients with AAA subluxation and 20 non-AAA subluxation patients as controls. All MR imaging was performed with supine neutral positioning. The morphology of the dens, bilateral facet joints, and surrounding ligaments, as well as the alignment of the anterior atlantoaxial joint, the spinolaminar line, and the intramedullary signal intensity, were assessed. This investigation statistically analyzed the difference among these groups. RESULTS: Thirty-eight percent (15 of 40) of patients with AAA subluxation showed nAAA. There was no significant difference between the groups of AAA with normal and abnormal ADI except that more peridental pannus was seen in the latter group. More dens erosion ( P (cid:1) . 022), tilting of anterior atlantoaxial joint ( P (cid:1) . 022), peridental effusion ( P (cid:2) . 001), lateral facet arthropathy ( P (cid:2) . 001), abnormal spinolaminar line ( P (cid:1) . 001), and focal myelopathy ( P (cid:1) . 001) were observed in nAAA patients compared with the controls. The combination of peridental effusion, lateral facet arthropathy, abnormal intramedullary signals, and abnormal spinolaminar line showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 90% in diagnosing AAA subluxation. CONCLUSIONS: MR imaging provides important biomechanical clues, other than ADI, that improve accuracy in diagnosing atlantoaxial instability.
Development of Acid Modi�ed Clay for the Treatment of Simulated Textile Dye E�uents

The physiochemical properties of Natural Bentonite Clay (NBC) were modified in this work to increase its adsorption performance. The NBC was mined from Fika town in Yobe State and thereafter subjected to beneficiation to obtain various particle sizes. The modified NBC and Activated Bentonite Clay (ABC) were characterized using X-ray fluorescence to determine the elemental assay of the samples, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the determination of the effect of acid attack and the adsorbate Braunner-Emmet-Teller (BET) method for surface area determination was conducted on the clay sample before and after modification procedure. The surface areas of the adsorbents before and after modification were found to be 160.40 m 2 /g and 126.50 m 2 /g for ABC and NBC respectively. The raw and the modified samples had an adsorption capacity of 12.55 and 74.98 mg/g which were used to purify the simulated textile wastewater to investigate their adsorptive performance. The equilibrium data were fitted in Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm models with the aid of origin 9 software using two statistical parameters-the correlation coefficient R and Sum of Square Errors SSE. Results showed the experimental data was best fitted in the Langmuir isotherm model where R values of ABC was consistently higher for dye 1-dye 4 than that of NBC. The SSE of ABC was also found to be consistently lower for all dye adsorption than that of corresponding ABC. Graphical Abstract
Surface energy balance ﬂuxes in a suburban area of Beijing: energy partitioning variability

Measurements of radiative and turbulent heat ﬂuxes for 16 months in suburban Miyun with a mix of buildings and agriculture allows the changing role of these ﬂuxes to be assessed. Daytime turbulent latent heat ﬂuxes ( Q E ) are largest in summer and smaller in winter, consistent with the net all-wave radiation ( Q ∗ ), whereas the daytime sensible heat ﬂux ( Q H ) is greatest in spring but smallest in summer rather than in winter, as commonly observed in suburban areas. The results have larger seasonal variability in energy partitioning compared to previous suburban studies. Daytime energy partitioning is between 0.15–0.57 for Q H /Q ∗ (mean summer = 0.16; winter = 0.46), 0.06–0.56 for Q E /Q ∗ (mean summer = 0.52; winter = 0.10), and 0.26–7.40 for Q H /Q E (mean summer = 0.32; winter = 4.60). Compared to the literature for suburban areas, these are amongst the lowest and highest values. Results indicate that precipitation, irrigation, vegetation growth activity, and land use and land cover all play critical roles in the energy partitioning. These results will help to enhance our understanding of surface–atmosphere energy exchanges over cities and are critical to improving and evaluating urban canopy models needed to support integrated urban services that include urban planning to mitigate the adverse effects of urban climate change.
University of Birmingham Conserved residues in the wheat (Triticum aestivum) NAM-A1 NAC domain are required for protein binding and when mutated lead to delayed peduncle and flag leaf senescence

Background: NAC transcription factors contain five highly conserved subdomains which are required for protein dimerisation and DNA binding. Few residues within these subdomains have been identified as essential for protein function, and fewer still have been shown to be of biological relevance in planta . Here we use a positive regulator of senescence in wheat, NAM-A1 , to test the impact of missense mutations at specific, highly conserved residues of the NAC domain on protein function. Results: We identified missense mutations in five highly conserved residues of the NAC domain of NAM-A1 in a tetraploid TILLING population. TILLING lines containing these mutations, alongside synonymous and non-conserved mutation controls, were grown under glasshouse conditions and scored for senescence. Four of the five mutations showed a significant and consistent delay in peduncle senescence but had no consistent effects on flag leaf senescence. All four mutant alleles with the delayed senescence phenotype also lost the ability to interact with the homoeolog NAM-B1 in a yeast two-hybrid assay. Two of these residues were previously shown to be involved in NAC domain function in Arabidopsis, suggesting conservation of residue function between species. Three of these four alleles led to an attenuated cell death response compared to wild-type NAM-A1 when transiently over-expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana . One of these mutations was further tested under field conditions, in which there was a significant and consistent delay in both peduncle and leaf senescence. Conclusions: We combined field and glasshouse studies of a series of mutant alleles with biochemical analyses to identify four residues of the NAC domain which are required for NAM-A1 function and protein interaction. We show that mutations in these residues lead to a gradient of phenotypes, raising the possibility of developing allelic series of mutations for traits of agronomic importance. We also show that mutations in NAM-A1 more severely impact peduncle senescence, compared to the more commonly studied flag leaf senescence, highlighting this as an area deserving of further study. The results from this integrated approach provide strong evidence that conserved residues within the functional domains of NAC transcription factors have biological significance in planta .
DISCOVERY OF PARENTS' INTENTION FACTORS IN THE USE OF PARENTAL CONTROL ON THE GADGETS USED BY THEIR CHILDREN

Children interact with technology and the internet every day by using gadgets such as smartphones, tablets, game consoles, or computers for education or entertainment, but unfortunately, children are prone to be addicted to gadgets. Parental control offers a technical mediation strategy for parents to supervise gadget use. A quantitative study was conducted by distributing a closed-answer questionnaire to parents living in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area with children under age 15 to discover what intentions can influence them to use parental control by proposing some hypothesized factors from parents and children. The number of participating respondents was 423 and the responses were analyzed using Smart PLS by assessing validity, reliability, and hypotheses testing. The study reveals that effort expectancy and parent’s awareness are strong predictors of intention to use parental control. Parents perceive that gadget addiction is related to online risks, health risks, and academic concern in children. The total effect shows that gadget addiction is significantly related to the intention to use. Parent’s age is a strong moderation predictor of self-awareness and parents' self-efficacy to the intention to use. Three parents were interviewed to seek their opinion on why they had not or rarely used parental control even though they knew about it. This study fills the gap between parental control use among parents and gadget addiction in children with potential risks related to online, health, and academic performance.
Bed roughness beneath the Greenland ice sheet

Abstract The roughness of the bed beneath ice streams exerts an important control on their dynamics. Here the first in-depth analysis of roughness beneath the Greenland ice sheet is presented. Much of the interior is underlain by a smooth bed, while the margins are much rougher; this is particularly pronounced in the east where more mountainous topography dominates and fast-flow features are laterally constrained in deep narrow valleys. In contrast, fast flow in the west is much less laterally constrained and areas of high roughness are less extensive and pronounced. It is proposed that there is a major geological control on the distribution of bed variability since a significant thrust-fault coincides approximately with the boundary between rough terrain in the east and the smooth central region. Furthermore there is an abrupt change in roughness approximately coinciding with the crossing of this fault line. This suggests a limiting factor on the extent of fast flow in the east, which is lacking in the west. The size of many glaciers draining Greenland makes their local bed conditions difficult to determine with great confidence. However, the much larger Petermann Glacier lies in a deep trough characterized by a smooth bed that extends some distance into the ice sheet. The smooth bed may be due to deformable marine sediments which facilitate faster flow, although smoothing could also result from ice dynamics and subglacial erosion. That the smooth bed of Petermann Glacier extends some considerable distance raises concerns about the possible stability of this feature, and perhaps others in Greenland too.
Late Middle Pleistocene glaciofluvial sedimentation in western Norfolk, England

Abstract Investigation of landforms on the eastern margin of the East Anglian Fenland basin has demonstrated that they represent a series of glaciofluvial delta-fan and related sediment accumulations (the Skertchly Line) deposited at the margin of an ice-lobe that entered the depression. This ‘Tottenhill glaciation’ dated to ca 160 ka, or the late Wolstonian (= late Saalian) Stage, is equivalent to that during the Netherlands' Drenthe Substage (Marine Isotope Stage 6). Of these landform complexes, an additional site at Shouldham Thorpe, previously nominated as the stratotype for deposits linked to a pre-Anglian Stage, Midlands'-derived Ingham/‘Bytham river’, has now been studied. Examination of the internal structure and form of the feature, using ground-penetrating radar (GPR), supported by section logging, borehole records, local landscape morphology and previous description, together indicate that the deposits rest on an eroded surface of Lowestoft Formation diamicton (Anglian Stage) and must therefore be of post-, rather than pre-Anglian age. The investigations indicate that the Shouldham deposits were laid down as a glacio-marginal subaerial (‘terminoglacial’) fan at the ice-front. In common with other sequences in the Skertchly Line complexes, deposition at Shouldham Thorpe was accompanied by minor ice-front movement, this fan potentially being deposited before retreat to the Tottenhill locality. The implications of the results are discussed.
Far-infrared treatment of experimental sinusitis in rabbits: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE Thermal therapy has existed for thousands of years and dates back to ancient civilizations such as the Finns, Romans, ancient Chinese, American Indians, and Egyptians. Sun therapy is a form of natural Far Infrared Rays (FIR) thermal therapy. Far infrared rays are invisible rays with the longest wavelength of natural sunlight. However, sunbathing should only be done in moderation, as sunlight contains ultraviolet rays that can burn and damage the skin. More than 30 million people in Asia, Europe, and Australia receive Far Infrared Therapy with FIR lamps. They emit 2-25-micron wavebands. We aimed to investigate whether FIR therapy that uses a similar waveband improves sinusitis symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 10 New Zealand rabbits of both sexes, 7-8 months old, with an average weight of 1.8-2.4 kg. They were divided into four study groups. Sinusitis was induced in rabbits by blocking the sinus ostium, whereas some were left as control. Far infrared treatment with an infra-sin device was given with or without antibiotics. Mucosal samples were evaluated microscopically regarding epithelial eruption, epithelial vacuolization, interstitial edema, vascular congestion, leukocyte infiltration, and mucosal thickening. RESULTS We found clinical and histopathological improvements in rabbits with sinusitis on the right side of the nose, to which we applied FIR treatment with the device Infra-Sin. CONCLUSIONS Our findings in this animal study led us to conclude that it would be beneficial to study the effects of FIR treatment on people with allergic rhinitis and sinusitis and to identify the optimal dosing, treatment duration, and intensity. To add to our findings, looking into whether FIR therapy can be used as an alternative to antibiotic treatment for human sinusitis is essential.
Introducing a new ﬂoodplain scheme in ORCHIDEE (version 7885): validation and evaluation over the Pantanal wetlands

Adapting and improving the hydrological processes in land surface models are crucial given the increase in the resolution of the climate models to correctly represent the hydrological cycle. The present paper introduces a ﬂood-plain scheme adapted to the higher-resolution river routing of the Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) land surface model. The scheme is based on a sub-tile parameterisation of the hydrological units – a hydrological transfer unit (HTU) concept – based on high-resolution hydrologically coherent digital elevation models, which can be
and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. MR findings with neurologic, neuropsychologic, seropositive and seronegative men: correlation of Prospective cerebral MR study of HIV

Purpose: As part of a longitudinal study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection, we attempted to identify early cerebral MR findings that might correlate to clinical evidence of central nervous system involvement. Methods: We studied 65 seropositive and 40 seronegative homosexual males using cranial MR, neurologic, immunologic, and neuropsychologic examina tions. Results: The incidence of mildly enlarged ventricles, sulci, and punctate areas of abnormal signal in both groups was similar in both groups. Diffuse, poorly defined areas of abnormal white matter signal were difficult to consistently identify in seropositives. Enlarged adenoidal lymphoid tissue was found in 30 (46%) of seropositives and 2 (5%) of seronegatives (P = .0001). The incidence of sinus inflammatory change was similar in the two groups. Conclusion: MR of intracranial contents is substantially normal in a non-AIDS HlV(+) population.