Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of prevalence of mental abnormalities among high school children in tribal, rural and urban Mysuru district, Karnataka, India

Background: Adolescence is defined by WHO as period in human growth and development that occurs after childhood and before adulthood from ages 10 to 19 years. According to WHO, half of all mental health disorders in adulthood start by age 14 years, but most cases are undetected and untreated. Methods: The present study was community based cross sectional comparative study was conducted on study participants were high school children aged 14 years to 16 years in tribal, rural and urban areas of Mysuru from November 2014 to May 2016, i.e., one and a half years (eighteen months). Around 9 tribal high schools, 8 rural high schools and 13 urban high schools were selected and sampling was done according to probability proportionate to size. Institutional Ethics Committee clearance was obtained before start of the study. The study methodology was discussed with and permission obtained from all Principals and Headmasters of respective High Schools. Written informed assent was obtained from each study participant. Data thus Obtained were coded and entered into Microsoft excel Work sheet . This was analyzed using SPSS 22 version. Descriptive statistics like percentage, mean and standard deviation were applied. Inferential statistical tests like chi square test were applied to find out association. The difference, association were expressed statistically significant at p-value less than 0.05. Results: Among the study participants, in tribal area, 88 (47.3%) belonged to age group of 15 years, in rural area, 103 (51.5%) belonged to age group of 15 years and in urban area 116 (59.8%) belonged to age group of 14 years. Anxiety disorders were seen more in urban participants 26.3% and least in rural, major depressive disorders were seen more in urban participants (4.1%) and suicidality was seen more in rural participants (6.5%). Conclusions: Anxiety disorders were seen more in urban participants 26.3%, Major depressive disorders were seen more in urban participants (4.1%) and suicidality was seen more in rural participants (6.5%). The present study stresses importance of School-based specific diagnostic screenings such as for anxiety disorders, depression, ADHD should be implemented.
An Ultra High Gain Quasi Z-Source Inverter Consisting Active Switched Network

A high voltage gain inverter is a prime requirement for high voltage power application. Z-source inverter has attracted the attention widely. A lot of efforts has been made to improve the voltage gain with better design. However, still, there is a gap to achieve higher voltage gain with the optimum number of components. In this brief, a quasi Z-source inverter is proposed to achieve higher voltage gain. The proposed inverter utilizes the active switched network along with switched inductor cell. The proposed inverter offers continuous input current and higher voltage gain. The operation and steady-state analysis are presented to derive the voltage gain. A comparative analysis is presented to describe the features of the proposed inverter. Finally, an experimental analysis is conducted to validate the feasibility of the proposed inverter.
Bundling Decisions in a Two-Product Duopoly - Lead or Follow?

We analyze a two-firm scenario where each company sells two products with their competition focused primarily on price. If firms are given the option to bundle their products, we wish to determine whether both or one of them choose to bundle, how they set prices, and whether or not they are better off. Also, product bundling has the dual benefits of reduced search costs for the consumer and lower production costs for the manufacturer. We characterize the impact of these effects on the profitability of bundling strategies.
Mathematical connections process for elementary school students in problem solving of statistics

This study belongs to the descriptive qualitative research which aims to describe the process of mathematics connections of grade 5 primary school students with high mathematical ability and low mathematical ability in problem solving of simple statistical. Subjects in this study were grade 5 students in SD Negeri 42 Pekanbaru each having different levels of mathematics ability, that is high and low. The process of mathematical connection in question is the student’s steps in connecting mathematics. Connection aspects observed in this research are (1) integrating information; (2) making connections within and across mathematical domains; (3) deciding which mathematical tools to use to solve problems; (4) solving nonroutine problems. Data analysis of the students’ mathematical connection ability use triangulation method technique that is test method and interview method. The results show that 5th grade students at SD Negeri 42 Pekanbaru were not familiar with the problem because overall the students mathematical connection skills were classified as low. So, it is very necessary to apply learning strategies that can improve student’s mathematical connection skills.
PTR-TOF-MS eddy covariance measurements of isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from an eastern Amazonian rainforest

Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are important components of the atmosphere due to their contribution to atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles. Tropical forests are the largest source of the dominant BVOC emissions (e.g. isoprene and monoterpenes). In this study, we report isoprene and total monoterpene flux measurements with a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) using the eddy covariance (EC) method at the Tapajós National Forest (2.857∘ S, 54.959∘ W), a primary rainforest in eastern Amazonia. Measurements were carried out from 1 to 16 June 2014, during the wet-to-dry transition season. During the measurement period, the measured daytime (06:00–18:00 LT) average isoprene mixing ratios and fluxes were 1.15±0.60 ppb and 0.55±0.71 mg C m−2 h−1, respectively, whereas the measured daytime average total monoterpene mixing ratios and fluxes were 0.14±0.10 ppb and 0.20±0.25 mg C m−2 h−1, respectively. Midday (10:00–14:00 LT) average isoprene and total monoterpene mixing ratios were 1.70±0.49 and 0.24±0.05 ppb, respectively, whereas midday average isoprene and monoterpene fluxes were 1.24±0.68 and 0.46±0.22 mg C m−2 h−1, respectively. Isoprene and total monoterpene emissions in Tapajós were correlated with ambient temperature and solar radiation. Significant correlation with sensible heat flux, SHF (r2=0.77), was also observed. Measured isoprene and monoterpene fluxes were strongly correlated with each other (r2=0.93). The MEGAN2.1 (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1) model could simulate most of the observed diurnal variations (r2=0.7 to 0.8) but declined a little later in the evening for both isoprene and total monoterpene fluxes. The results also demonstrate the importance of site-specific vegetation emission factors (EFs) for accurately simulating BVOC fluxes in regional and global BVOC emission models.
The delivery of primary care services

This chapter will be devoted to the dimensions which have been grouped in the framework as “process” and that focus on essential features of service delivery in primary care. In addition to the breadth of services delivered, a comparative overview will be provided of variation in access to services, and continuity and coordination of care. In addition to the volume and type of primary care services, accessibility is determined by the remoteness of services and the practice organization (e.g. appointment system, after-hours care arrangements, (home visits). Financial barriers, such as co-payments, determine the financial accessibility of primary care. The extent to which access to primary care services is provided on the basis of health needs, without systematic differences on the basis of individual or social characteristics, indicates the level of equality in access that is achieved. Continuity of care comprises relationship and management continuity. The coordination function reflects the ability of primary care providers to coordinate use of services within primary care and in other levels of health care. It is determined by the presence of a gatekeeping system, practice structure and teamwork, diversification and substitution of primary care providers, and integration and collaboration of primary care with secondary care and the public health sector. This chapter will conclude with a mapping exercise of the breadth of services delivered, accessibility, continuity and coordination of care in countries across Europe, showing also the interrelations across dimensions. (aut. ref.)
Determination of Company Profitability and Value of Banks in Indonesia Based on Risk Profile, Capital Structure, Corporate Governance and Asset Structure

This study aims to analyze and obtain empirical evidence about the effect of risk profile, capital structure, corporate governance and assets structure on profitability and the effect of profitability on corporate value. The object of the research is a banking company listed on the Indonesian stock exchange from 2011 to 2017. Data were analyzed using structure equation modeling with smart-pls software. Banks selected based on purposive sampling were 8 banks. The results proved that only the risk profile has a significant effect on profitability. While capital structure, corporate governance and assets structure did not have significant effect on profitability. The results also showed that profitability did not have a significant effect on corporate value. Therefore, profitability has not been proven to mediate the relationship between the exogenous variables studied on corporate value. In this study, the adjusted r-square of the corporate value was 52.6%. It means that the proportion of exogenous variables influencing the endogenous variables studied was 52.6%.
The emerging disease occurrence of pet animals in Bangladesh

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the current status of emerging diseases of pet animals in Bangladesh and to estimate the percentage of disease occurrence in the pet animals. Materials and methods: A 2-month potential study was conducted to estimate the percentage (%) of disease occurrence and current status of emerging diseases of pet animals in Bangladesh. A total of 550 animals were examined and 358 data were collected from the disease registered book of the Central Veterinary Hospital (CVH), Dhaka and SA Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Bangladesh during June and September, 2014. The data were analysed, and the results on the newly emerging diseases were expressed as percentage (%). Results: Among the most general pet animals in Bangladesh (dog, cat, rabbit), the mostly occured diseases were scabies (23.07%), feline ascariasis (37.14%) and rabbit mange (34.61%), while the less frequent diseases were canine parvovirus enteritis (2.19%), cat scratch disease (5.71%) and overgrown teeth (7.69%). Conclusion: The study provides basic information about the current status and the percentage (%) of disease occurrence considering the emerging diseases of pet animals in Bangladesh. http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2016. c182
A Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude of Cervical Cancer among Women in a Selected Community of New Delhi

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with a potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Cervical cancer is a cancer arising in the cervix, which is most prevalent in the women. Cancer of the cervix is a major cause of death in women in India, but becomes less common because of the awareness. Descriptive survey design was used on 50 community women by convenient sampling technique. A structured interview schedule and an attitude scale were used for data collection. Maximum of the women (96%) had inadequate knowledge regarding cervical cancer and most of the women (94%) had unfavorable attitude toward cervical cancer. The study shows that the community women need more awareness and knowledge regarding cervical cancer and signifies the increased need for improvement of the attitude among women regarding cervical cancer.
Natural killer cell function in women at high risk for HIV acquisition: Insights from the CAPRISA004 microbicide trial

Methods: Thirty women who acquired HIV infection(cases) and thirty women with high-risk sexual activity who remained HIV negative(controls) were selected. Proliferation, degranulation and interferon-gamma(IFN-g) secretion was measured by multiparametric flow cytometry after culture of recombinant human interleukin-2(rhIL-2)activated PBMC with 721.221 cells or in vitro HIV-infected, autologous CD4þT-cell blasts. Relationships between NK-cell responses and HIV acquisition were modeled with logistic regression models.
Influence of Atmospheric Stability on the Size Distribution of the Vertical Dust Flux Measured in Eroding Conditions Over a Flat Bare Sandy Field

In spite of their importance for the modeling of the atmospheric cycle of mineral dust, measurements of the intensity and size distribution of the dust emission flux produced by wind erosion in natural conditions remain rare. During the WIND‐O‐V's (WIND erOsion in presence of sparse Vegetation) 2017 experiment, eight major erosion events having occurred on a sandy flat field of southern Tunisia were documented. Consistent with the small size (90 μm) of the erodible sand grains and the low aerodynamic roughness length (Z0 < 0.079 cm), the threshold for wind erosion was low (u*t = 22 cm/s). The classical gradient method was applied to assess the size‐resolved vertical dust flux, and the stability of the atmosphere quantified by the means of the Richardson number (Ri) as well as of its shear stress (u*) and thermal gradient (∂θ/∂z) components. The vertical dust flux increased with u* following a power law but the number size distribution of the dust flux was found to be significantly richer in submicron particles in thermally unstable than in stable periods. This challenges the usual assumption that, independently of their size, the particles smaller than 10 μm follow equally the movements of the air masses in which they are embedded and that the thermal stratification of the surface layer does not affect the size distribution of the surface flux when measured a few meters above the ground. Finally, we propose a simple empirical method for taking this influence of the thermal instability into account.
Assessment of various Biological Activities of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Root Extract in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

Aim and Objective: The present study was designed to assess antidiabetic, hypolipidimic, antioxidant and histopathological effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (EHBS) root on alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted on six groups with six wistar rats in each group for the period of 4 weeks. Group I: served as normal control (NC), rats administered with gum acacia 1 ml daily, group II: consider as diabetic control (DC) treated with alloxon 150 mg/kg body wt. Whereas Hibiscus rosa-sinensis roots extract was given orally in group III (DE1), group IV (DE2), group V (DE3) at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight dissolved in distilled water respectively. Group VI (DG) was given glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) as a standard drug and results were compared in reference to it.Results: Administration of root extract for 28 days resulted in significant decreased in the levels of blood glucose, plasma lipids but increases in HDL levels, also significant decrease in plasma MDA level as well as increased in SOD level in a dose dependent manner. Histological examination of pancreas has shown increase in diameter as well as number of beta cells which indicates the proliferation with regeneration of beta cells after 28 day treatment with root extract of HRS in rats. Root extract of hibiscus is more efficacious in antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activity than glibenclamide.Conclusion: Root extract of HRS may be a safe and better alternative available over the antidiabetic agents with minimal adverse effects. Before establishing it as an antidiabetic agent for human use, clinical trial will be required.
The dangers of interpretation: C.A.W. Manning and the “going concern” of international society

C. A. W. Manning was an important figure in the early days of what became known as the English School, and was one of the most philosophically explicit articulators of the interpretivist approach that informed that branch of scholarship. He was also a defender of the apartheid system of his native South Africa. A close examination of his work reveals both the promises and the pitfalls of a methodologically interpretive approach to explanation. An interpretive explanation involves developing the capacity in the listener to “go on” appropriately, and this makes criticizing the rules of the game somewhat difficult, but not impossible. A clearer understanding of what an interpretive explanation is may very well help us to avoid the pitfalls illustrated by Manning’s advocacy, which I argue is made possible by a category confusion that remains very much with us: a confusion between delineating the rules of a given domain, and actively advocating or defending those principles.
Implanon removal experiences of women in Butajira, Ethiopia

Abstract Introduction: Over the last decade, a lot of advocacy work has been done to increase long acting and permanent contraceptive methods (LAPMs) use in Ethiopia. However, LAPMs uptake is very low compared to short acting ones where eventual disinterest and subsequent removal of the method is observed. Objective: This study was carried out to explore reasons behind implanon removal within unreasonably short time after insertion. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was employed to apply class room qualitative research method training organized by the School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University. Research participants were purposively selected women in Bido and Diram kebeles of rural Butajira, which is a research site of the School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University's. Nine women who had recently removed implanon and two health extension workers (one from each kebele) were interviewed. Data analysis was facilitated using ATLAS.ti qualitative software and presented using content analysis. Results: Study participants were aware of the different types of family planning (FP) services available at the health facilities. However, women did not get two sided information which explains the benefits and side effects of implanon. Women in this study reported that the main reasons for early implanon removal were perceived side effects, desire to get pregnant, partner pressure and at times, religious leaders delay the burial of a woman who had implanon. After implanon removal, some reported to have shifted back to short acting FP methods while others reported to have faced unintended pregnancy. Though implanon insertion is conducted at a community level, removal was possible only at health centers or Hospitals and this has created discomfort and anxiety among women. Conclusion and recommendation: Women's agency to decide on their reproductive health, cultural influences, and inadequate information was the main causes for the untimely removal of implanon. Working with community leaders, access to implanon removal services at a community level and strengthening the pre-insertion counseling process to assure informed choice would help to avoid unnecessary removal of implanon and increase uptake. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2015;29(3):176-182] Key word: Implanon, Maternal health, Rural setting, Ethiopia \
Efficacy and safety of racecadotril as an adjunct to oral rehydration therapy for acute watery diarrhea in children

Background: Racecadotril, an enkephalinase inhibitor with antisecretory action is a safe and effective treatment for acute diarrhea for children and adults. As an adjunct to oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in Indian children, its efficacy and safety data are scarce. Methods: A total of 117 children with acute watery diarrhea for not more than 7 days were randomized into two groups. Group A (control group) received ORT and zinc only while Group B (study group) received a combination of racecadotril (1.5 mg/kg q8 h), zinc and ORT. Primary end point was the number of loose stools during first 48 h of treatment. Time to cure as well as total volume of oral rehydration solution (ORS) consumed was also measured. Results: Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the groups. Mean 48 h stool frequency in the study group was 10.47±3.2 episodes and that in control group was 15.87±4.6 episodes indicating a significant reduction of 34.1% with racecadotril (p=0.00016). The mean time for recovery in the study group was 37.98±6.1 h and 51.02±9.4 h in control group indicating a significant reduction of 25.6% with racecadotril (p=0.002). The mean volume of ORS consumed before recovery in the study group was 162.72 ml as compared to 232.68 ml in control group pointing to a significant reduction of 30.1% in the study group. Conclusions: Racecadotril is effective as an adjunct to ORT and early continued feeding in infants and children with acute watery diarrhea.
Randomized multicenter phase II trial of timed-sequential therapy with flavopiridol (alvocidib), cytarabine, and mitoxantrone (FLAM) versus “7+3” for adults with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

7002 Background: Serial studies have demonstrated that induction therapy with flavopiridol (50 mg/m2 days 1-3), a multi-serine-threonine cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, followed by cytarabine (667 mg/m2/days 6-8) and mitoxantrone (40 mg/m2 day 9) yields complete remission (CR) rates of nearly 70% in pts with newly diagnosed, poor-risk AML. This trial compares “FLAM” with 7+3 in newly diagnosed AML pts. Methods: Between May 2011-July 2013, 165 (FLAM, n=109; 7+3, n=56) newly diagnosed AML pts (18-70 years) with non-favorable cytogenetics were randomized 2:1 to receive FLAM or 7+3 (cytarabine 100 mg/m2/day, daunorubicin 90 mg/m2) across 10 institutions. Randomization was stratified by age, secondary AML and leukocyte count. Pts with residual leukemia on day 14 received 5+2 on the 7+3 arm, whereas pts treated with FLAM were not retreated on day 14. The primary endpoint was to compare CR rates between 1 cycle of FLAM and 1 cycle of 7+3. Secondary endpoints were safety, CR rates after 1 cycle of FLAM vs 7+3 .
A Profile of Suicide Mortality in the South East

Suicide is a major public health issue. It constitutes one of the top i¬ve causes of lost years of life both nationally and in the South East. This report presents a summary of analysis of information about suicide from the Ofi¬ce of National Statistics for Primary Care Trusts and Local Authorities in the South East for years up to 2003.
The Return to Protectionism*

After decades of supporting free trade, in 2018 the United States raised import tariffs and major trade partners retaliated. We analyze the short-run impact of this return to protectionism on the U.S. economy. Import and retaliatory tariffs caused large declines in imports and exports. Prices of imports targeted by tariffs did not fall, implying complete pass-through of tariffs to duty-inclusive prices. The resulting losses to U.S. consumers and firms that buy imports was $51 billion, or 0.27% of GDP. We embed the estimated trade elasticities in a general-equilibrium model of the U.S. economy. After accounting for tariff revenue and gains to domestic producers, the aggregate real income loss was $7.2 billion, or 0.04% of GDP. Import tariffs favored sectors concentrated in politically competitive counties, and the model implies that tradeable-sector workers in heavily Republican counties were the most negatively affected due to the retaliatory tariffs. JEL Code: F1.