Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Voltage Form on the Insulation Resilience of Inverter-fed Low Voltage Traction Machines with Hairpin Windings

In modern automotive traction drives, the insulation system of the electric machine is exposed to an increased electrical stress level due to optimizations of the system parameters of the power electronics (PE). This leads to an increase of the DC link voltage from 400 to 800 V as well as to an increase of the switching slew rate (dv/dt) using wide band gap (WBG) semiconductor devices like silicon carbide (SiC). The increased stress favors partial discharges (PD), which are highly damaging to Type I insulation systems of low voltage machines. Therefore, it is mandatory for the reliability of the machine to be able to determine the resilience of the insulation system. Standardized PD offline tests with surge voltages are used to characterize the insulation resilience by means of the repetitive partial discharge inception voltage (RPDIV). However, the machine is stressed during operation with PWM voltage waveforms. Consequently, in this article, the PD behavior of both types of voltages is investigated. Contrary to previous literature, where round wire twisted pairs are used, the tests are performed with hairpin wire pairs. Measurements were carried out with an ultra-high frequency (UHF) antenna and a high-frequency current transformer (HFCT). The comparison of the experimental results shows that the time and frequency behavior of the PDs differs significantly between the two voltage forms and therefore has a significant effect on the determination of the insulation resilience. In addition, a procedure is described how the HFCT measurements can be calibrated and thus the apparent charge can be obtained.
FOOD DENSITY ESTIMATION USING FUZZY INFERENCE

This work presents a new fuzzy logic approach to food density estimation in supporting research in diet and nutrition. It has been a historical problem to measure people’s daily food intake in real life. Recent advances in electronic devices have provided novel tools for recording volumetric information of food, while the current food databases often list nutrients and calories in terms of gram weights instead of volumes. Thus, a density value, which connects the volume to weight, is required to use the existing databases when the volumetric information is unavailable. In this work, we approach the density estimation problem using fuzzy inference which “guesses” the food density by collecting and organizing relevant human knowledge about a food. French fries are taken as an example of this new approach. A fuzzy Inference System (FIS) is constructed to estimate the bulk density of French fries under different cooking conditions. Our experimental results show that our FIS system built upon human knowledge about the frying time and temperature can accurately estimate the density of French fries under controlled conditions.
Stray-Load Loss Approximation for Partial Loads

For a given power rating of a three-phase induction motor, the American (IEEE Std 112) and European (IEC 600342-1) standards assume constant allowance for stray-load loss at full-load condition. This is important for the purpose of efficiency calculation when direct measurements are not available or not allowed in some uninterruptable operations. The assumed constant allowances of both standards exhibit different accuracies when compared to the measured values of stray-load loss. Moreover, when this type of loss is measured at partial loads, it demonstrates values that are significantly lower than the IEEE and IEC fixed allowances. Thus, in efficiency evaluation process, if the assumed stray-load loss is assigned for a specified load other than full-load, this may lead to an inaccurate evaluation results due to the exaggeration of the stray-load loss. Therefore, having a reasonably accurate value for partial-load stray-load loss is highly important especially in the efficiency evaluation of in-service (online) machines, when they are being part of critical uninterruptable industry processes, given the fact that those machines are not always operated at their full-load capacity. The availability of a partial-load stray-load loss estimation method is also important for offline efficiency evaluation at specified load points. This paper introduces a new approach for the approximation of stray-load loss in three-phase induction motors that operate at any specified load point. The proposed method is validated via its application on induction machines of different power rating and rated frequency. The results demonstrate high accuracy. The technique may help produce reliable efficiency evaluation for online and offline applications.
Towards a Future of Fully Self-Optimizing Query Engines

With the ever-increasing heterogeneity of hardware, the database community is tasked with adapting to the new reality of diverse ecosystems. The traditional workflow of hand-tuning query engine implementations to the underlying hardware might become untenable for an ever-growing variety of hardware with different performance characteristics. Systems like Micro-Adaptivity in Vectorwise or HAWK have been studied as adaptive solutions, but their adoption remains limited. Envisioning a solution simplified for adoption, we propose a practical take on adaptive reprogramming using the domainspecific language Voila and the MLIR compiler framework. We identify five main challenges in the area, and demonstrate how we tackle the first challenges. To show the feasibility of our approach, we include a brief evaluation of its performance on TPC-H; comparing 120 generated variants from a small subspace of potential optimizations.
Long-term measurements of particle number size distributions and the relationships with air mass history and source apportionment in the summer of Beijing

Abstract. A series of long-term and temporary measurements were conducted to study the improvement of air quality in Beijing during the Olympic Games period (8–24 August 2008). To evaluate actions taken to improve the air quality, comparisons of particle number and volume size distributions of August 2008 and 2004–2007 were performed. The total particle number and volume concentrations were 14 000 cm −3 and 37 μm −3 cm −3 in August of 2008, respectively. These were reductions of 41% and 35% compared with mean values of August 2004–2007. A cluster analysis on air mass history and source apportionment were performed, exploring reasons for the reduction of particle concentrations. Back trajectories were classified into five major clusters. Air masses from the south direction are always associated with pollution events during the summertime in Beijing. In August 2008, the frequency of air mass arriving from the south was 1.3 times higher compared to the average of the previous years, which however did not result in elevated particle volume concentrations in Beijing. Therefore, the reduced particle number and volume concentrations during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games cannot be only explained by meteorological conditions. Four factors were found influencing particle concentrations using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. They were identified as local and remote traffic emissions, combustion sources as well as secondary transformation. The reductions of the four sources were calculated to 47%, 44%, 43% and 30%, respectively. The significant reductions of particle number and volume concentrations may attribute to actions taken, focusing on primary emissions, especially related to the traffic and combustion sources.
HIRS channel 12 brightness temperature dataset and its correlations with major climate indices

A new version of the High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) upper tropospheric water vapor channel (channel 12) brightness temperature dataset is developed using intersatellite calibrated data. In this dataset, only those pixels affected by upper tropospheric clouds are discarded. Compared to the previous version that was based on column-clear-sky data, the new version has much better daily spatial coverage. The HIRS observation patterns are compared to microwave sounder measurements. The differences between the two types of sounders vary with respect to brightness temperature with larger differences for higher (dry) values. Correlations between the HIRS upper tropospheric water vapor channel brightness temperatures and several major climate indices show strong signals during cold seasons. The selected climate indices track climate variation signals covering regions from the tropics to the poles. Qualitatively, moist signals are correlated with troughs and ascending branches of the circulation, while dry signals occur with ridges and descent. These correlations show the potential of using the upper tropospheric water vapor channel brightness temperature dataset together with a suite of many atmospheric variables to monitor regional climate changes and locate global teleconnection patterns.
Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Uppsala 2013

Prehospital care has developed dramatically the last decades with the implementation of new devices and educational concepts. Clinical decisions and treatments have moved out from the hospitals to the prehospital setting. In Sweden this has been accompanied by an increase in the level of competence, i.e. by introducing nurses in the ambulances. With some exceptions the scientific support for these changes is poor. This thesis deals with such changes in three different subsets of prehospital care: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the stroke chain of survival and trauma care. We assessed the performance of ambulance crews during CPR, using a mechanical compression device, as compared to CPR using manual compressions. There was a strikingly poor quality of compressions using the mechanical device compared to CPR with manual compressions. The result calls for caution when implementing a chest compression device in clinical practice and reinforce the importance of randomised controlled trials to evaluate new interventions. Careful attention should be given to the assurance of correct application of the device. Further implementation without evaluation of the quality of mechanical compressions in a clinical setting is discouraged. Among patients with a prehospital suspicion of stroke we analysed the ambulance nurses' ability to select the correct patient subset eligible for a CT scan as a preparation for potential thrombolysis. The results do not support an implementation of a bypass of the emergency department, using ambulance nurse competence to select patients eligible and suitable for a CT scan without a preceding assessment by a physician. The association between the Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) course and the outcome in victims of trauma was analysed in two observational studies. A study covering one county gave some support for a protective effect from PHTLS, but the estimate had a low precision. A nationwide study, covering all of Sweden, could not confirm those results. Although there was a reduction in mortality over time coinciding with the implementation of PHTLS, it did not appear to be associated with the implementation of PHTLS. Thus, we could not detect any clear beneficial impact of the PHTLS course on the outcome of trauma patients. " As honest as possible " Shinya Yamanaka List of Papers This thesis is based on the following papers, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals. I Poor chest compression quality with mechanical compressions in simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a randomized, crossover manikin study. II Agreement between …
Near-surface stratigraphy of till and glacifluvium near Knaften, northern Sweden : Identifying small-scale stratigraphy using ground-penetrating radar

The aim of the study was to assess the possibilities in using ground-penetrating radar to identify small-scale stratigraphy in the upper 1 m of a soil profile and to statistically identify differences in the stratigraphic units discovered using the GPR unit. The study area is ca 15 km southwest of Lycksele near a gravel pit on the banks of Oran. It was located on top of a large (>5 m thick) glacifluvial deposit of indeterminate age overlayed by till from the latest deglaciation. The data sampled included 22 radargrams depicting a total length of >1000 m as well as soil samples from three stratigraphic units from three different trenches (9 samples in total). Visual analysis of the stratigraphy took place via trenches as well as by studying the radar images. The radar images show that three stratigraphic units can be identified clearly (ablation till, S1, a transitional layer of mixed till and glacifluvium, S2, and the underlying glacifluvium, S3) but that the border between the two lower units can be opaque at times. Field observations showed this to be due to the genesis of the topmost unit, the ablation till. Observations in the field also showed relict podsolization in a kettle in the northern part of the study area. Grain-size comparison of the three stratigraphic units identified was performed via sieving. Calculations of the weight percentage were then used for statistical analysis to identify any differences between the strata. Results show that there are differences regarding fine material (o 2 mm, p<0.0001) and sand (p=0.027) within these three stratigraphic units.
Effect of the COVID‑19 pandemic on the management and outcomes of patients with traumatic injuries (Review)

During the COVID-19 pandemic, ~10% of the global population was officially affected, resulting in diverse changes, ranging from shopping habits to stringent hospital protocols. This article sought to provide a concise summary of relevant data concerning the interplay between COVID-19 and trauma, encompassing the entire trajectory from presentation to hospital discharge. Throughout the pandemic, there was a noticeable reduction in trauma presentations, while the ranking of injury mechanisms remained largely unchanged. To ensure essential surgical support, protocols were adjusted accordingly. Although there were some less significant changes in injury severity score, hospital length of stay, intensive care unit stay and mortality, the overall patient outcomes appeared to improve. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic led to a decline in trauma cases and an enhancement in patient outcomes. However, regrettably, certain mechanisms of injury saw an increase in frequency. To cope with the epidemiological context, management strategies were adapted, and unutilized resources were redirected to cater to the care of COVID-19 patients.
Changes in the empathy levels of a group of undergraduate medical students: A longitudinal study

Background. The concept of empathy in students has gained significant attention in medical education. Whether implementing formal educational interventions to promote long-term and effective empathy levels leads to sustained increased empathy levels in students, is however less clear. Objectives. The study aimed to evaluate the trajectory of medical students’ self-perceived empathy levels during their 6-year MB ChB degree. Methods. A longitudinal, prospective study was conducted over 4 years. A cohort of 292 medical students was invited to participate. Participants completed the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Students (JSE-S) at three intervals during their studies. The students attended two workshops related to empathic patient interactions during this time. The JSE-S mean score by age and gender was compared, making use of a linear regression model. Results. A total of 119 students completed the study. Students’ total empathy levels were similar during the first and the last measuring point (110), but there was a significant rise in the intermediate measuring point (113.3). When the male and female cohorts’ scores were interpreted separately, both genders demonstrated a similar pattern to the total score, although females’ JSE-S scores were higher than the males. Conclusion. The results of the study confirm that educational interventions can increase students’ self-perceived empathy levels; however, we suggest that students require reinforcement and multiple opportunities to practise and observe empathic communication with patients to sustain high levels of empathy. Follow-up sessions to specifically target the promotion of empathy should be implemented; otherwise the long-term effect of educational interventions might be limited.
Advances and Challenges in Multi-Domain Task-Oriented Dialogue Policy Optimization

Developing a successful dialogue policy for a multi-domain task-oriented dialogue (MDTD) system is a challenging task. Basically, a desirable dialogue policy acts as the decision-making agent who understands the user’s intention to provide suitable responses within a short conversation. Furthermore, offering the precise answers to satisfy the user requirements makes the task even more challenging. This paper surveys recent advances in multi-domain task-oriented dialogue policy optimization and summarizes a number of solutions to policy learning. In particular, the case study on the task of travel assistance using the MDTD dataset based on MultiWOZ containing seven different domains is investigated. The dialogue policy optimization methods, categorized into dialogue act level and word level, are systematically presented. Moreover, this paper addresses a number of challenges and difficulties including the user simulator design and the dialogue policy evaluation which need to be resolved to further enhance the robustness and effectiveness in multi-domain dialogue policy representation. ∗Corresponding author: Jen-Tzung Chien, jtchien@nycu.edu. tw. Received 22 May 2023; Revised 20 July 2023 ISSN 2048-7703; DOI 10.1561/116.00000132 © 2023 M. Rohmatillah and J.-T. Chien 2 Rohmatillah and Chien
The 2023 Impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canada: Cancer and IBD

Abstract Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Intestinal cancers may arise as a complication of IBD itself, while extra-intestinal cancers may arise due to some of the immunosuppressive therapies used to treat IBD. Colorectal cancer (CRC) and small bowel cancer risks remain elevated among persons with IBD as compared to age-and sex-matched members of the general population, and the lifetime risk of these cancers is strongly correlated to cumulative intestinal inflammatory burden. However, the cumulative risk of cancer, even among those with IBD is still low. Some studies suggest that IBD-CRC incidence has declined over the years, possibly owing to improved treatment standards and improved detection and management of early neoplastic lesions. Across studies of extra-intestinal cancers, there are generally higher incidences of melanoma, hepatobiliary cancer, and lung cancer and no higher incidences of breast cancer or prostate cancer, with equivocal risk of cervical cancer, among persons with IBD. While the relative risks of some extra-intestinal cancers are increased with treatment, the absolute risks of these cancers remain low and the decision to forego treatment in light of these risks should be carefully weighed against the increased risks of intestinal cancers and other disease-related complications with undertreated inflammatory disease. Quality improvement efforts should focus on optimized surveillance of cancers for which surveillance strategies exist (colorectal cancer, hepatobiliary cancer, cervical cancers, and skin cancers) and the development of cost-effective surveillance strategies for less common cancers associated with IBD.
Treating ballast waters to limit Mnemiopsis leidyi access to new habitats

Discharging untreated ballast waters supports the spread of invasive species. One of the most successful ballast-water mediated biological invasions was a transatlantic transport of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi to many Eurasian seas, where it has significantly impacted local ecosystems. To prevent its spread to new areas, we studied the survival of different M. leidyi life stages exposed to several eradication techniques. We looked closely into the technical applicability of an onboard thermal treatment by calculating its duration and the required energy to perform it. The duration was considered as a sum of the time to heat ballast tanks by using the engine’s waste heat for two types of ships and M. leidyi ’s eradication. The calculated duration of the proposed treatment allowed us to estimate a minimum travel length undertaken by a specific type of ship to eliminate M. leidyi successfully. The travel length determines the appropriate technique and minimal requirements to eliminate M. leidyi successfully and, thus, can serve as a guideline for a management plan. In conclusion, the proposed onboard treatment would be efficient on smaller ships and minimum distances of 200–300 km depending on the season but not on the short routes where other treatment techniques, e.g. exposure to ultrasonic cavitation or microwave radiation, should be considered.
Effect of dipolar interaction on magnetic properties of magnetite nanoparticles system: a simulation study

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are a potential candidate for novel research. The inter-particle interactions play a signiﬁcant role in determining the overall magnetic behavior of a magnetic nanoparticle assembly, especially in dipolar interaction. In this paper, we have synthesized a practical sample and then applied an atomistic spin model simulation study with input parameters obtained from experimental measurements to investigate the influence of the dipolar interaction on the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles.
Large-Scale Mobile-Based Analysis for National Travel Demand Modeling

Mobile phones have achieved a high rate of penetration and gained great interest in the field of travel behavior studies. However, mobile phone data exploitation for national travel models has only been sporadically studied thus far. This work focuses on one of the most extensive cellular surveys of its kind carried out thus far in the world, which was performed for two years between 2018 and 2019 with the participation of the two largest cellular providers in Israel, as well as leading GPS companies. The large-scale cell phone survey covered half the population using cellphones aged 8+ in Israel and uncovered local and national trip patterns, revealing the structure of nationwide travel demand. The methodology consists of the following steps: (1) plausibility and quality checks for the data of the mobile operators and the GPS data providers; (2) algorithm development for trip detection, home/work location detection, location and time accuracy, and expansion factors; (3) accuracy test of origin–destination matrices at different resolutions, revisions of algorithms, and reproduction of data; and (4) validation of results by comparison to reliable external data sources. The results are characterized by high accuracy and representativeness of demand and indicate a strong correlation between the cellular survey and other reliable sources.