Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-based Meal Detection Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Healthy Participants: An Objective Measure of Participant Compliance to Protocol

Meal timing affects metabolic responses to diet, but participant compliance in time-restricted feeding and other diet studies is challenging to monitor and is a major concern for research rigor and reproducibility. To facilitate automated validation of participant self-reports of meal timing, the present study focuses on the creation of a meal detection algorithm using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), physiological monitors and machine learning. While most CGM-related studies focus on participants who are diabetic, this study is the first to apply machine learning to meal detection using CGM in metabolically healthy adults. Furthermore, the results demonstrate a high area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) and precision-recall curve (AUC-PR). A cold-start simulation using a random forest algorithm yields . 891 and . 803 for AUC-ROC and AUC-PR respectively on 110-minutes data, and a non-cold start simulation using a gradient boosted tree model yields over . 996 (AUC-ROC) and . 964 (AUC-PR). Here it is demonstrated that CGM and physiological monitoring data is a viable tool for practitioners and scientists to objectively validate self-reports of meal consumption in healthy participants.
A review of recent system demonstrations incorporating 1.3-/spl mu/m praseodymium-doped fluoride fiber amplifiers

This paper provides a review of recent system demonstrations incorporating 1.3-/spl mu/m praseodymium doped fluoride fiber amplifiers (PDFFA's), following a brief historical perspective on the amplifiers development, the analogue and digital systems experiments, which have been conducted to date incorporating these new amplifiers, are described. Beyond this review material recent systems experiments conducted at BT Labs are also described. These experiments investigate the application of high performance PDFFA's to both, analogue, FM-SCM transmission, and high-speed (5 and 10 Gb/s), digital transmission systems. The results of a recent 10-Gb/s field transmission experiment are also presented. This paper also provides a perspective on the potential significance of 1.3-amplifiers to both long-haul point-to-point transmission systems and to optical fiber access networks based on passive optical network structures. >
CODAR's Surface Flow at the Mouth of the Chesapeake Bay: Relation to Bay's and Atlantic's Forcing

CODAR’S SURFACE FLOW AT THE MOUTH OF CHESAPEAKE BAY: RELATION TO BAY’S AND ATLANTIC’S FORCING Shelby Kathryn Henderson Old Dominion University, 2021 Director: Dr. Tal Ezer Surface currents in the lower Chesapeake Bay (CB) observed with land-based high-frequency radar antennas, or Coastal Ocean Dynamics Application Radar (CODAR), produce hourly 2D maps of current velocities used for search and rescue, pollution tracking, and fishing operations. This study analyzes the correlations between a 9-year record of surface currents measured by CODAR to coastal sea level, local wind forcing, river discharge into CB, and water transport through the Florida Straits, representing the Gulf Stream’s control on sea level along the U.S. mid-Atlantic coast. The goal of this study is to find ways to use CODAR data to detect and monitor long-term sea level changes in CB, which may aide numerical modeling of the lower Bay for long-term forecasting and trend analysis. Linear regression, spectral and wavelet analyses, and Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) are applied to the datasets. Linear regression and spectral analysis show high frequencies of CODAR surface currents driven primarily by winds and link to variations in water levels, while low frequencies explained by river discharge and Gulf Stream. Both spectral and wavelet capture the annual cycle, wavelet suggesting anti-correlation between CODAR outflow and water level at this period. Because these methods only capture signals up to about two years, EMD, which separates lower frequency oscillating modes, is also used. EMD trendlines are qualitatively consistent with known dynamics or may be part of larger decadal oscillations longer than this 9-year dataset. Spectral and EMD agree at high frequencies, but also suggests river and Gulf Stream flow may be linked with CODAR currents on longer time scales. EMD achieves realistic long-term trends and correlations for CODAR, but a longer time series is necessary to produce significant results that could use this data to truly monitor long-term sea level changes for the CB in this manner. The study demonstrated the complex nature and interconnections between the different factors and different time scales affecting the currents at the mouth of the CB. This analysis may be the first of its kind in the attempt at combining all these different observations in a single study.
The SiOG-based single-crystalline silicon (SCS) RF MEMS switch with uniform characteristics

This paper details single-crystalline silicon (SCS) direct contact radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF MEMS) switch designed and fabricated using an SiOG (silicon-on-glass) substrate, so as to obtain higher fabrication and performance uniformity compared with a conventional metal switch. The mechanical and electrical performances of the fabricated silicon switch have been tested. In comparison with a conventional metallic MEMS switch, we can obtain higher productivity and uniformity by using SCS, because it has very low stresses and superior thermal characteristics as a structural material of the switch. Also, by using the SiOG substrate instead of an SOI substrate, fabrication cost can be significantly reduced. The proposed switch is fabricated on a coplanar waveguide (CPW) and actuated by electrostatic force. The designed chip size is 1.05 mm/spl times/0.72 mm. Measured pull-in voltage and actuation voltage were 19 V and 26 V, respectively. Eighteen identical switches taken randomly throughout the wafer showed average and standard deviation of the measured pull-in voltage of 19.1 and 1.5 V, respectively. The RF characteristics of the fabricated switch from dc to 30 GHz have been measured. The isolation and insertion loss measured on the four identical samples were -38 to -39 dB and -0.18 to -0.2 dB at 2 GHz, respectively. Forming damping holes on the upper electrode leads to a relatively fast switching speed. Measured ON and OFF time were 25 and 13 /spl mu/s, respectively. In the switch OFF state, self-actuation does not happen up to the input power of 34 dBm. The measured holding power of the fabricated switch was 31 dBm. Stiction problem was not observed after 10/sup 8/ cycles of repeated actuation, but the contact resistance varied about 0.5-1 /spl Omega/ from the initial value.
Experiential Learning in Agriculture Education: A Zimbabwean Experience

The purpose of this study was to explore experiential learning of agriculture students whilst on attachment, in their second year of training. The study sought the views of twenty-four randomly selected third year students from an agriculture college in Zimbabwe. Focus was on three key areas; organisation of attachment, quality of work experience and the process i.e. the extent to which students from agriculture college easily accessed placements for farm attachment and quality of exposure students got. The study also looked at students’ perceptions of the worthiness of the exposure in terms of production technologies involved and quality of mentorship. Data were collected by means of questionnaire with open-ended questions. Responses were grouped according to key emerging themes. The study established, among others, that getting farm attachment, in Zimbabwe, is a nightmare for students, most farm providing attachment are operating at a low technological level and most students feel used as cheap labour as they are not given financial assistance.
Serious injury due to transport accidents involving a railway train, Australia, 2001-02 to 2005-06

This report presents national statistics on serious injury due to transport accidents involving a railway train that resulted in admission to hospital in Australia during the five-year period 2001-02 to 2005-06. It examines variables such as mode of transport, gender and age group. It also focuses on level crossing accidents.
Financial Regulation and Automation Adoption: Evidence from Stock Trading Firms

How did trading automation impact broker-dealer firms and workers? While electronic platforms have been available in stock markets for decades, widespread adoption of automated trading occurred only after the major market redesign promoted by the US Securities and Exchange Commission. With the intent of lowering access costs to stock markets, Regulation NMS fostered speed-driven competition in the investment industry. By combining several sources of regulatory records, I construct a rich, linked panel of trading firms and workers with detailed employment records, licenses, and financial information. I show that trading automation increased aggregate profits in the investment industry and induced greater revenue concentration. Consistent with higher technology setup requirements and increased local competition, the entry of new broker-dealers decreases. Survival rates of existing firms display a U-shaped pattern in employment: large, multi-billion dollar investment firms, as well as small brokers who usually engage in proprietary trading, become more likely to stay in business. Trading automation generated significant employment displacement effects, decreasing the probability of stock traders remaining employed, even when compared to investment advisors, bond traders, and other financial workers in less automated markets. Through a series of tests, I show that these results are unlikely to be driven by the Great Recession or the rise in online brokerage services. Overall, my findings offer evidence that trading firms providing services to a small portion of investors benefited from trading automation. *I am very grateful to Scott Irwin, Michel Robe, and Dan Bernhardt for their continuous guidance and support. I also thank Yashar Barardehi, Aymeric Bellon, Philip Garcia, Benedict Guttman-Kenney, Richard Haynes, Jared Hutchins, Joe Janzen, Sida Li, Tong Liu, Charles Martineau, Tatiana Mocanu, Carl Nelson, George Pennacchi, Teresa Serra, Bruce Sherrick, Simon Schmickler, Chong Shu, Mao Ye, and participants at the 2020 EALESOLE-AASLE, 2020 Young Economists Symposium, 2020 Empirics and Methods in Economics Conference, 2020 Brazilian Econometric Society Meeting, 2021 North American Summer Meeting of the Econometric Society, 2021 Australasian Meeting of the Econometric Society, 2021 European Summer Meeting of the Econometric Society, and seminars at the University of Illinois for insightful discussions and comments. †Ph.D. candidate, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Email: prossi2@illinois.edu.
Zirconium and its compounds ( except zirconium dioxide ) MAK Value Documentation , supplement – Translation of the German version from 2019

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re-evaluated the maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) for zirconium and its compounds [7440-67-7]. No new data are available that would be relevant for the derivation of a MAK value for zirconium compounds, with the exception of zirconium dioxide (see documentation “Zirconium dioxide”). Therefore, zirconium and its compounds (except zirconium dioxide) are listed in Section II b of the List of MAK and BAT Values. Based on the new human and animal data, zirconium and its compounds (except zirconium dioxide) are not regarded as sensitizers. Dermal absorption does not contribute to systemic toxicity. MAK Value Documentations – Zirconium and its compounds (except zirconium dioxide) The MAK Collection for Occupational Health and Safety 2021, Vol 6, No 2 2 MAK value (2018) not yet established, see List of MAK and BAT Values, Section II b Peak limitation – Absorption through the skin – Sensitization – Carcinogenicity – Prenatal toxicity – Germ cell mutagenicity –
Clarion: Anonymous Communication from Multiparty Shuffling Protocols

—This paper studies the role of multiparty shuffling protocols in enabling more efficient metadata-hiding communication. We show that the process of shuffling messages can be expedited by having servers collaboratively shuffle and verify secret-shares of messages instead of using a conventional mixnet approach where servers take turns performing independent verifiable shuffles of user messages. We apply this technique to achieve both practical and asymptotic improvements in anonymous broadcast and messaging systems. We first show how to build a three server anonymous broadcast scheme, secure against one malicious server, that relies only on symmetric cryptography. Next, we adapt our three server broadcast scheme to a k -server scheme secure against k − 1 malicious servers, at the cost of a more expensive per-shuffle preprocessing phase. Finally, we show how our scheme can be used to significantly improve the performance of the MCMix anonymous messaging system. We implement our shuffling protocol in a system called Clarion and find that it outperforms a mixnet made up of a sequence of verifiable (single-server) shuffles by 9 . 2 × for broadcasting small messages and outperforms the MCMix conversation protocol by 11 . 8 × .
Driving Execution of Target Paths in Android Applications with (a) CAR

Dynamic program analysis is commonly used to vet Android applications. One approach is targeted execution, in which interesting or suspicious code is specifically targeted and analyzed dynamically. However, faithful execution to just the paths that reach these targets can be difficult due to the dependencies they have on other parts of the application. Prior works that handle dependencies must favor either soundness or completeness to the detriment of the other. Techniques that rely on precise dependency tracking ultimately result in lower coverage of targets due to overhead. Meanwhile, other techniques that aim for completeness by ignoring or bypassing dependencies lead to unsound execution and false positives. In this paper, we treat dependencies through the lens of a path context, which represents the program state expected by the path as it is executing. We propose an approach that provides better completeness and low false positives using Context Approximation and Refinement (CAR), which combines static constraint analysis and dynamic error recovery to infer a context based on the desired path flow and refine it during execution. We show that the integration of CAR with targeted execution can reach 3.1x more target locations in popular Android applications than the existing state of the art while having a false detection rate of 9%, enabling more complete analysis and detection of security-sensitive behaviors.
Si/SiGe epitaxial-base transistors. II. Process integration and analog applications

For pt. I, see ibid., vol. 3, p. 455-68 (1995). This part focuses on process integration concerns, first described in general terms and then detailed through an extensive review of both simple non-self-aligned device structures and more complex self-aligned device structures. The extension of SiGe device technology to high levels of integration is then discussed through a detailed review of a full SiGe HBT BiCMOS process. Finally, analog circuit design is discussed and concluded, with a description of a 12-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter presented to highlight the current status of SiGe technology. >
Examining Melt Pond Dynamics and Light Availability in the Arctic Ocean via High Resolution Satellite Imagery

EXAMINING MELT POND DYNAMICS AND LIGHT AVAILABILITY IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN VIA HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY Austin Wesley Abbott Old Dominion University, 2021 Director: Dr. Victoria J. Hill As the Arctic experiences consequences of climate change, a shift from thicker, multiyear ice to thinner, first-year ice has been observed. First-year ice is prone to extensive pools of meltwater (“melt ponds”) forming on its surface, which enhance light transmission to the ocean. Changes in the timing and distribution of melt pond formation and associated increases in under-ice light availability are the primary drivers for seasonal progression of water column primary production and warming. Observations of melt pond development and distribution require meter scale resolution and have traditionally been limited to airborne images. However, recent advances in high spatial resolution satellites now allow for observations of individual melt ponds from space. Images of pack ice in the Chukchi Sea during 2018 obtained from WorldView satellite systems showed minimal melt pond coverage in June, with a rapid increase in late June, leading to saturated and flooded ice floes by mid-July. Cumulative hours above freezing (air temperature) was a stronger predictor for pond development than daily average values of temperature and irradiance and was well represented by a logistic growth curve. Size distributions (normalized to total pond area) of melt pond area was dominated by small (≤10 m) ponds at the onset of ponding, shifting towards medium sized ponds (mode of 100 to 1,000 m) as surface melt progressed. Late in the summer when ice flows were saturated with ponds, the distribution was skewed towards a handful of very large ponds nearing 1,000,000 m, connected by channels which created a myriad of complex shapes. A primary production model driven by under-ice light intensity estimated from our classified images revealed that initial small increases in melt pond fraction have a large impact on potential under-ice chlorophyll growth and carbon uptake, eventually trending towards a saturating upper limit as ponds continued to spread. Results shown here offer novel insights into melt pond growth and distribution, along with estimates of how ponding impacts primary production. These conclusions showcase physical, observable consequences of an Arctic Ocean dominated by thin, first-year ice, and can be employed to advise future efforts in Arctic modeling.
Development of Microbial Agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PHODG 36 and Its Effect on Disease Control and Yield Increase of Potato

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PHODG36 is a multifunctional strain which has significant control efficiency on diseases and growth-promotion effect on plants. In this study, microbial agent with different spore concentrations was prepared using strain PHODG36 raw powder as active ingredient and talc powder as filler. Pot experiments were conducted to investigate potato seedling emergence after seed dressing, and field plot experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of microbial agent PHODG36 on control efficacy of potato Verticillium wilt and potato yield in northern and southern Hebei Province. The results showed that microbial agent PHODG36 had a light yellow appearance and no agglomeration. The microbial agent had an average particle 382 中 国 生 物 防 治 学 报 第 36 卷 size of (38.25±0.46) μm and pH value of (6.65±0.15). There was no caking and sticking after storage for the agent, and the concentrations were ranged from 1.5×10 to 2.0×10 CFU/g. Compared with control and chemical treatment, there was no significant difference on the corrected emergence rate among different concentrations of microbial agent PHODG36 after seed dressing, but the corrected emergence rate decreased with the increase of concentration. Field experiments in different areas showed that the control efficacy on disease index of Verticillium wilt was 43.08% to 58.46%, and the yield increased from 8.87% to 30.37% for susceptible varieties, 1.85%~9.0% for resistant varieties, when the concentration of microbial agent PHODG36 were ranged from 1.5×10 to 1.0×10 CFU/g. Comprehensive analysis showed that the application of microbial agent PHODG36 at 1.5×10 to 1.0×10 CFU/g could effectively reduce the incidence and disease index of potato Verticillium wilt, save the cost of investing, and significantly increase production. The results indicated that green products were provided for control of Verticillium wilt, which laid a foundation for the further extensive application of microbial agent PHODG36.
The Effect of Some Natural Herbs on Rats Suffering from Diabetes

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different ratios of Moringa oleifera (MO), Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves, and their combination on diabetic rats. Male albino rats (40 rats) were used in this study. The rats were divided into two main groups. The first main group (5 rats) was fed on a basal diet as a control negative group (c-). While the second main group was diabetic induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg b.wt) then divided into seven equal subgroups. One of them fed on a basal diet as a control positive group (c+), and the other groups fed on a basal diet containing 2.5% & 5% from MO leaves, 2.5% & 5% from GS leaves, and their equal combination by the same ratio respectively. Fino bread was prepared with the same levels from MO and GS, and their combination. The results showed that injected rats of alloxan-induced defectiveness in all parameters. Feeding rats that suffered from diabetes with diets containing the two levels from MO and GS leaves and their combination led to a decrease in serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, kidney functions (uric acid, urea nitrogen, and creatinine), and liver enzymes activity (AST, ALT and ALP). While HDL-c increased, as compared to the positive control group. The results of the sensory evaluation showed an acceptable fino bread prepared in most proportions of the study. Therefore, the study recommends the use of Moringa oleifera leaves, Gymnema sylvestre, and their combination in preparing fino bread suitable for a diabetic.
Extended Editorial

* Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, P.O. Box 325, SE-63105 Eskilstuna, Sweden, thomas.lager@mdh. se **Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, P.O. Box 325, SE-63105 Eskilstuna, Sweden, koteshwar. chirumalla@mdh.se The third International Workshop on Innovation and Production Management in the Process Industries (IPM2019) was convened at Mälardalen University in Sweden in October 2019. The overall theme is related to bridging academy– industry interfaces, innovation–production management interfaces, and the interactions among different industrial sectors of the process industries. The workshop aimed to explore the possibility of developing a platform for a research agenda for the cluster of process industries as well as develop special issues (SI) in the journal Technovation and the Journal of Business Chemistry. This article, as an extended editorial viewpoint, serves three purposes: