Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy efficient routing in wireless sensor network based on mobile sink guided by stochastic hill climbing

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the reduction of energy consumption in the batteries of a sensor node is an important task. Sensor nodes of WSNs perform three significant functions such as data sensing, data transmitting and data relaying. Routing technique is one of the methods to enhance the sensor nodes battery lifetime. Energy optimization is done by using one of the heuristic routing methods for sensing and transmitting the data. To enhance the energy optimization mainly concentrated on data relaying. In this work stochastic hill climbing is adapted. The proposed solution for data relaying utilizes geographical routing and mobile sink technique. The sink collects the data from cluster heads and movement of the sink is routed by stochastic hill climbing. Network simulator 2 is used for experimentation purpose. This work also compares with the existing routing protocols like Energy-efficient Low Duty Cycle (ELDC), Threshold sensitive Energy Efficient sensor Network (TEEN) and Adaptive clustering protocol. The proposed work shows promising results with respect to lifetime, average energy of nodes and packet delivery ratio.
An Experimental Study on Alkali Silica Reaction of Concrete Specimen Using Steel Slag as Aggregate

In this study, the characteristics of the alkali-silica reaction (ASR) expansion of steel slag itself, mortar bars, and concrete specimens using steel slag as aggregate are individually investigated by the expansion test method, to determine if steel slag aggregate in concrete can provide volume stability. The results show that when steel slag is aged in water for one month, its self-expansibility is below the permitted limit of 1.5% according to the JIS A 5015 standard. The ASR test results show that the ASR expansion of the mortar bars continuously increased with the increase in the test period. However, all mortar bars were below the permitted limit of 0.1% after 14 days according to the ASTM C 1260 standard. In contrast, the ASR expansion of concrete specimens was above the criteria prescribed by the ASTM C 1293 standard. From the results, the expansion of concrete specimens could not be controlled within the permitted limit by the ASTM 1293 criteria, even if the expansivity of steel slag did not exceed the criteria. Meanwhile, considering the crack propagation patterns of the concrete specimens, the cracks due to ASR expansion developed and connected even when the expansion was below the permitted limit. Besides, when mineral admixtures were used as the binder in the concrete specimens, there were discrepancies in the results between the expansion rate and the crack properties, such as maximum length and total crack length. Therefore, to accurately determine the change in volume due to ASR expansion in concrete using steel slag as coarse aggregate, it is necessary to check the crack patterns in addition to evaluating the expansion rate.
Public perceptions and aesthetic preferences of lakeshore landscape: the example of Lake Velence (Hungary)

Earlier, intervention programs and tourism development projects in the lakeside area of Lake Velence have led to the diversification of lakeshore landscape and shoreline. In the current study, we investigated the public aesthetic preferences of varying lakeshore landscapes, driving factors (which cause preference deviation and visual discomfort), and judgments of perceived beauty of 14 lakeshore scenes. The study also examined the differences in preferences of lakeshore landscapes between experts and waterfront residents. The results indicated that landscape characteristic and maintenance state have a significant impact on the receptor’s preference. In the investigation of lakeside landscape preference with different natural degrees, both the near-natural lakeshore and the natural lakeshore are lacking attention and attraction. Though natural (“wild”) lakeshore beneficial to the birds and other wildlife, overgrown riparian / aquatic plants and rigid shoreline caused visual fatigue and boredom feel. These findings provide a reference for the forthcoming lakeside intervention projects and land-use decisions.
White, Black, and Latina Female Victims in U.S. News: A Multivariate and Intersectional Analysis of Story Differences

Prior research suggests the media depict White female victims more sympathetically than their minority counterparts, yet no researcher has yet examined this proposition at the multivariate level. Moreover, prior research on media portrayals generally include White versus non-White or White versus Black comparisons, but no researcher has yet compared media accounts of White, Black, and Latina female victims. Based on critical race feminism, we expected news coverage of White, Black, and Latina victims to vary in key ways. We examined narratives at the bivariate and multivariate levels, and we contextualized findings with story excerpts. Stories about White female victims were more likely to contain sympathetic themes—such as themes of religiosity and reported media attention—and to result in overall sympathetic narratives compared to stories about minority victims, whereas overall narratives about Latina and Black female victims were often unsympathetic. Our findings align with the “ideal victim” stereotype and may help explain the differential treatment of White and minority female victims by the criminal justice system.
Comparative Study of Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) Disease Severityand Its Effect on Yield and Yield Components of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in the Southeastern Oromia, Ethiopia

Field pea or “dry pea” (Pisum sativum L.) is an annual cool-season food legume which grows worldwide and is the major pulse crop in the highlands of Bale next to Faba bean. The experiment was conducted for two consecutive cropping seasons; 2011/12 and 2012/13 at Sinana agricultural research center (SARC) on-station research site. The objective was to find out the effect of Powdery mildew disease on field pea yield and yield components. Local field pea cultivar was used with a fungicide Benomyl at a rate of 2.5 kg/ha and four fungicide application schemes (spraying every 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and no fungicide spray) arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Logistic model (ln [y/ (1-y)]) was employed to analyze the Field experiment data using SAS procedure. The association between disease parameters and yield and yield components were assessed using regression and correlation techniques. ANOVA has shown significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) among treatments for disease severity. The highest diseases severity (41.98%) and Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) (1458.33% days) and the lowest disease severity (13.89%) and AUDPC (471.15% days) were recorded from a plot with no fungicide treatment and plot sprayed every 7 days, respectively. Similarly, the highest disease progress rate (r) (0.044227 units-day-1) and the lowest r (-0.006122 units-day-1) were recorded from a plot with no fungicide treatment and plot sprayed every 7 days, respectively. Regarding the yield and yield related parameters; ANOVA has shown significant variations (P ≤ 0.05) between treatments for number of pods per plant, seeds per plant, TKW and grain yield. The highest number of pod per plant (21.75), seed per plant (89.5), TKW (189.81 g) and grain yield (2945.6 kg/ha) were recorded from plots sprayed every 7 days; while the lowest were from non-sprayed plots. On the other hand, the higher grain yield loss of 21.09% and the lowest loss (8.53%) were recorded from plots without fungicide spray and plot received spray at 7 days interval, respectively. The linear regression between powdery mildew severity index and grain yield revealed significant difference (P ≤ 0.0001) between treatments; and the estimated slope of the regression line obtained for Powdery mildew severity index was -34.16. Correlation analysis has shown that Powdery mildew disease severity have significantly strong negative correlation with grain yield (r= -0.76120, P ≤ 0.01). Similarly, grain yield has significant strong negative correlation (r= -0.76298, P ≤ 0.0001) with AUDPC.
The Effect of Current Ratio, Return on Assets, Total Asset Turnover and Sales Growth on Capital Structure in Manufacturing Company

This study aimed to determine how much effect the Current Ratio, Return on Assets, Total Asset Turnover and Sales Growth have on the Capital Structure of manufacturing companies listed on the IDX from 2016 to 2018. The research method used was descriptive method and multiple linear analysis method. The population of this study was 144 companies with a sample of these companies, namely 73. The data used were financial reports published by the Indonesia Stock Exchange through the website www.idx. co.id. The variables related to this research are the Current Ratio, Return on Assets, Total Asset Turnover, and Sales Growth. The results showed that partially Current Ratio has a negative and significant effect on Capital Structure, Return on Asset did not have a significant effect on Capital Structure, and Total Asset Turn Over has no significant effect on Capital Structure, and Sales Growth has no significant effect on Capital Structure in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Simultaneously Current Ratio, Return on Asset, Total Asset Turn Over and Sales Growth together have a significant effect on the capital structure of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Measuring and managing creative labour: Value struggles and billable hours in the creative industries

Creative labour is often characterised as hard to measure and manage. As ‘immaterial labour’, it breaches the working day’s boundaries and produces uncertain outputs. These conditions, claim postoperaists, precipitate a ‘crisis of measurability’. Drawing on 33 interviews with workers at 10 graphic, brand and strategic design agencies in the UK and the Netherlands, this article disputes claims creative labour eludes quantification. Responding to calls to reconnect organisational research with the study of value, it deploys Marxian value theory to demonstrate that the billable hours system of pricing and allocating work in creative agencies establishes ‘fictitious norms of timing’ reminiscent of the Taylorist factory that mediate the labour-process with reference to standards of socially-necessary labour-time set in the market. Rebureaucratising and socialising creative labour, billable hours help creative agencies overcome measurability as a problem, not a crisis. But the timesheeting practices around which billable hours are organised internally are marked by antagonisms. The combination of clear measures around which to bargain and their pivotal economic role has implications for how we conceptualise the capacity of creative workers to collectively organise, make claims on value and create the potential for a realisation of the conditions of crisis postoperaists describe.
The impact of time pressure on knowledge transfer effectiveness in teams: trust as a critical but fragile mediator

With faster innovation and shorter product cycles, time pressure is a highly relevant factor affecting contemporary business processes. This study aims to extend prior research on the effects of velocity at the firm level by considering the effect of time pressure on knowledge transfer effectiveness (KTE) on the team level and the role of trust as a mediator of this effect. ,We empirically assess the impact of time pressure on knowledge transfer effectiveness in teams. Further, we test the mediating effect of trust on this relationship. We study a sample of 285 project teams applying partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). ,The authors find that time pressure is negatively associated with KTE. Moreover, trust among team members has a complementary mediating effect on this relationship. Thus, while trust is urgently needed for enhancing KTE under time pressure, time pressure reduces trust-building too. ,This study establishes empirically the importance of time pressure and trust as drivers of KTE in teams. The contribution connects the field of knowledge management to important streams in the wider business literature: organization studies, management, strategic management, project management, innovation etc. Whereas the model is parsimonious, it has high explanatory power and high generalizability to other contexts. ,Team managers should take care to allow enough time for knowledge transfer within the team. This is particularly important when knowledge sharing is central, e.g. in innovation, development and change processes. If this is not possible, measures should be taken to maintain trust among team members. ,Effective knowledge management enhances the performance of business entities and public-sector organizations alike. Today, both the private and public sectors are under considerable pressure to increase both efficiency and effectiveness. Effective knowledge transfer within teams is a core capability to achieve this goal. More effective organizations result in more competitive private firms, more employment opportunities and improved public services to citizens. ,Time pressure is an increasingly relevant factor in contemporary business but so far little explored in research. This study extends current knowledge by considering the effect of time pressure on KTE.
Individual and Cultural Differences in Predispositions to Feel Positive and Negative Aspects of Awe

Psychological research on awe has largely focused on its positive dimensions, both in terms of the experiential state of awe and individual trait-based predispositions to awe experience. Little is known, however, about awe’s negative-valence dimensions, such as individual tendencies to experience awe as threatening. To gain a broader understanding of awe, the current study investigates individual predispositions to feel negative aspects of awe (i.e., threat) and positive aspects of awe (e.g., beauty) and examines how these two tendencies are interrelated. Additionally, this study uses both Japanese and US samples to explore whether predispositions to feel awe vary across cultures. Two studies (total N = 1245) suggests that in both Japanese and US samples, predispositions to feel positive and negative aspects of awe were separable. However, there were cultural differences: North Americans were more predisposed to feel positive aspects than Japanese, and the predispositions to feel positive and negative aspects were positively correlated for Japanese, but not North Americans. This contributes to a better understanding of how the valence of awe may be influenced by culturally-mediated patterns of affect.
Vegetative propagation of Adansonia digitata (L.) using juvenile stem cuttings, various rooting media and hormone concentrations

Adansonia digitata is an important economic tree species which provides varieties of goods and services but despite this importance, the species is threatened with extinction due to its inability to regenerate under natural condition as a result of dormancy, drought, increased human pressure and other environmental factors. As such, some ex-situ conservation methods are necessary in order to preserve and conserve the productivity of the species. This prompted an investigation into the possibility of vegetative propagation of A. digitata as influenced by rooting media and hormone concentrations using juvenile stem cuttings. Double node stem cuttings were obtained from four months old seedlings and treated with indole-3-butyric acid and indole-acetic acid at 0, 50, 100 and 150mg/L. The treated cuttings were planted into three different sets of rooting media (Top soil, River sand and Saw dust) in a completely randomized design and replicated three times. The cuttings were watered twice a day (morning and evening) with knap sac sprayer. Data was collected on percentage survival, number of roots, length of longest root, total root length and number of leaves. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance. Significantly different means were separated with Duncan multiple Range Tests (P<0.05). The result indicated significant growth differences in the various rooting media and hormone concentrations for the variables assessed. Cuttings dipped in Indole-3-butylic Acid (with a concentration of 150mg/L) planted in sawdust media (SD/IBA/150mg/L) had the best result of all the variables assessed and therefore recommended for vegetative propagation of A. digitata. Key word: Vegetative propagation, Growth hormone, Rooting media
The WOODCARE project: Development of detection methods for Death watch beetle larvae and fungal decay

Woodcare was a European project coordinated by English heritage. The aim of the research was to develop more targeted and more environmentally friendly treatment methods for Death watch beetle infections in Oak constructions of historical buildings. TNO has developed two new methods for fast and reliable detection of Death watch beetle larvae and related fungal decay in Oak. The problem with Death watch beetle is that the eitent of the decay is difficult to judge, without destroying the wood structures. Sonic detection proved to be extremely successful in early stages of decay in laboratory samples and in wood in buildings. Furthermore, several chemical analysis methods were used to identify different stages of decay by three fungi in wood in laboratory conditions. From these methods, Pyrolysis mass spectrometry was the most promising, and was then also used on wood samples from buildings. Results of both detection methods are summarized and discussed.
Measuring the Interest of Smartphone Usage by Using Technology Acceptance Model Approach

The development of mobile Internet services allows more consumers to adopt smartphones as their primary communication device. This study focused on the application of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to determine the willingness of batik and textile craftsmen to use smartphones. The population of this study was batik and textile craftsmen in the Bayat, Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia. A total sample of 243 people had answered 30 questions on the questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale. The results of data analysis using GSCA software showed that, from eight hypotheses proposed, two hypotheses had not been supported. Technical support was not significant for the ease-of-use. It is because the damage experienced can be easily resolved by a repair shop. The findings reinforce the importance of training during the implementation of new technology. This training can make the users understand how to use new technology. The findings of this study strengthen the theory of TAM. Management support further influences the usefulness. This finding supports the theory of Igbaria technology acceptance. However, social influence did not significant influence the usefulness. This was because this study was conducted when the smartphone was no longer said to be a new technology.
Role of the Rho GEF, Lfc, in Macrophage and Neutrophil Function

Lfc is a Rho specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that is bound and inhibited by the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton. In epithelial cells, Lfc promotes actomyosin contractility in response to MT depolymerization; however, its role in leukocytes has not been assessed. Through genetic ablation, we generated an Lfc knockout mouse (Lfc -/) and tested biochemical and cell biological responses to MT depolymerization in bone marrow derived cells. Lfc was necessary for characteristic actomyosin based contractile behaviours of neutrophils and macrophages, in response to MT depolymerization. Gout is a painful arthritic inflammatory disease, caused by buildup of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints. Colchicine, a MT-depolymerizing agent that is used in prophylaxis and treatment of acute gout flare, blocks neutrophil infiltration to sites of MSU crystal-induced inflammation. We found that Lfc was necessary for the ability of colchicine to inhibit MSUinduced neutrophil infiltration in two in vivo models of gout-like inflammation. Efficient recruitment of leukocytes from the vasculature is a critical step in the immune response to infection. Leukocyte extravasation, which includes rolling, crawling, and diapedesis across the endothelial barrier, is enhanced by fluid shear stress. Through comparison of Lfc +/+ and Lfc -/mice, we found that Lfc was necessary for in vivo leukocyte crawling and emigration out of the iii vasculature. Lfc -/mice also showed defective neutrophil infiltration in response to acute inflammatory insults, and increased mortality in response to polymicrobial infection. In vitro, we found that Lfc was necessary for neutrophil responses to shear stress.
Validity, reliability, and usefulness of jump performance from a low-cost contact mat

The purpose of this study was to establish the validity, reliability, and usefulness of a low-cost contact mat equipment (CM) with a force plate (FP) as the reference. Eleven female (18.6 ± 3.67 yrs.) and male (18.2 ± 2.71 yrs.) basketball athletes performed hands-on-waist countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) trials. Flight time (FT) and jump height (JH) in CMJ and SJ were subjected for analysis. Relative error expressed as percentage (%RE) was utilized to examine criterion validity between CM and FP. Concurrent validity was also established using Pearson moment correlation (r). Absolute reliability was determined using coefficient of variation (%CV). Relative reliability was identified using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Usefulness was established by comparing typical error (TE) vs. smallest worthwhile change (SWC). Results revealed that CMJ and SJ from a low-cost CM can be used as an alternative tool in assessment of jump performance.
Protease inhibitor therapy in HIV-infected children : effects on viral load and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts

PROTEASE INHIBITOR THERAPY IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN Naomi L. Katz, Michael B. Bracken, and Warren A. Andiman. Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. While protease inhibitors (Pis) have been found to dramatically decrease viral burden and increase CD4+ T-cells in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), studies in children have been limited. This study was designed to assess the effect of Pis on viral load and CD4+ T-cell count in a cohort of 79 HIV-infected children followed for a mean of 24 months, and to determine the effect of prior antiretroviral exposure on the success of PI therapy. Subjects were classified as either PI or non-PI treated. There were no significant differences overall between the PI and non-PI treated groups with respect to changes in viral load, CD4+ T-cell count, and CD4+ T-cell percent, after controlling for baseline values. The Pl-treated group was subdivided into a “dual therapy” group and a “triple therapy” group, based on medication regimen just prior to PI initiation. The “dual therapy” group was found to have a faster rate of achieving a significant drop in viral load than the “triple therapy” group after initiating Pis (54% versus 14% at 12 months, p=0.05), which was independent of baseline viral load and more likely affected by previous antiretroviral exposure. The “triple therapy” group was found to have a faster rate of achieving a significant rise in CD4+ T-cell count than the “dual therapy” group after initiating Pis (100% versus 53% at 12 months, p=0.03), which appeared to be due to a higher baseline CD4+ T-cell count. In conclusion, although there was no overall improvement in subjects treated with Pis over a long term follow-up, there was a trend toward improved immune status in the PI treated subjects. In addition, subjects who had less antiretroviral experience and higher immune status at baseline had a more rapid response to Pis. This study supports the use of Pis in HIV-infected children early in the disease course to provide maximal immune reconstitution.