Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling Reactionary Delays in the European Air Transport Network

Complex Systems are those in which a very large number of elements interact, usually in a non-linear fashion, producing emergent behaviors that are typically difficult to predict. Air transportation systems fall in this category, with a large number of aircraft following a pre-scheduled program. Network and airline managers, passengers, crews and airport staffs are involved in the daily operations and may suffer the consequences when failures in the system such as delays appear. It has been shown that it is possible to understand and forecast delays propagation in these systems. In the framework of SESAR WP-E TREE project, we have developed a model for characterizing and forecasting the spreading of reactionary delays through the European Network. Our results are preliminary, but show a promising agreement with empirical flight performance data. Keywords–Reactionary Delays; Complexity Science; Distruption Management; Network Performance
Spontaneous Internal Jugular Vein Thrombosis as Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus that is Associated with Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Case Report

Spontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis is an uncommon entity. A 24-year-old Saudi male presented with painful neck mass. Doppler ultrasonographic examination revealed evidence of thrombosis involving the right internal jugular vein. The patient had no central venous catheter, oropharyngeal infection, or cancer Internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis is rare but can be life-threatening if not recognized and treated early. Primary care physicians should have a high index of suspicion for internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT) in any patient presenting with painful neck swelling.
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) in Children and the Specialized CRRT Team: A 14-Year Single-Center Study

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has been used as an important intervention in critically ill children. Our center has the only specialized CRRT team (SCT) for children in Korea, which consists of pediatric intensivists, a pediatric nephrologist and CRRT-specialized-nurses. This study was a retrospective single-center analysis, including all pediatric patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Severance hospital in Korea and received CRRT between 2003 and 2016, grouped as before SCT (group A, n = 51) and after SCT (group B, n = 212). We obtained the data for sex, age, weight, diagnosis, blood flow rate or type of CRRT machine used, administration of inotropic agents or anticoagulants, and ICU duration before CRRT (hours). A total of 263 patients were included. The age was significantly younger (p < 0.001) and blood flow rate was lower (p = 0.001) in group B than group A. Vasopressors (p < 0.001), continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) (p < 0.001), nafamostat mesilate (p < 0.001), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-CRRT (p = 0.004) were more frequently used in group B. Based on our 14-year experience, we conclude that SCT operation could have played an important role in increasing the amount of CRRT utilization.
Traditional Approach ( a ) Active Learning Select Subset ( ! " ∪ ! $ ) Initial Subset ( ! " )

Data selection methods, such as active learning and core-set selection, are useful tools for machine learning on large datasets, but they can be prohibitively expensive to apply in deep learning. Unlike in other areas of machine learning, the feature representations that these techniques depend on are learned in deep learning rather than given, requiring substantial training times. In this work, we show that we can greatly improve the computational efficiency of data selection in deep learning by using a small proxy model to perform data selection (e.g., selecting data points to label for active learning). By removing hidden layers from the target model, using smaller architectures, or training for fewer epochs, we create proxies that are an order of magnitude faster to train. Although these small proxy models have higher error rates, we find that they empirically provide useful signal for data selection. We evaluate this “selection via proxy” (SVP) approach on several data selection tasks across five datasets: CIFAR10, CIFAR100, ImageNet, Amazon Review Polarity, and Amazon Review Full. For active learning, applying SVP can give an order of magnitude improvement in data selection runtime (i.e., the time it takes to repeatedly train and select points) without significantly increasing the final error. For core-set selection, proxies that are over 10× faster to train than their larger, more accurate targets can remove up to 50% of the data without harming the final accuracy of the target, making end-to-end training time savings possible.
Vibrotactile frequency discrimination on the wrist of visually impaired people

Development of devices for the visually impaired people equipped with a vibrating interface was the motivation of the research presented in the paper. Knowledge about discriminative ability of touch is crucial when designing devices which use tactile interfaces. The paper presents results of psychophysical studies on determining the vibrotactile frequency discrimination threshold on the wrist of blind and partially sighted people. The transformed adaptive method 1 up/2 down was used in the presented research. Thresholds were obtained on the ventral wrist at 5 frequencies: 25, 31.5, 63, 125 and 250 Hz. Results were examined to find factors which could influence the threshold value. Additionally, the guidelines for devices with vibrating interfaces supporting spatial orientation of the blind and partially sighted people was developed based on results and analysis
Populist Ideology Without Teeth

Introduction A quick glance at the political transformations that took place in Central and Eastern Europe after the fall of the Iron Curtain shows that many of the countries in the region share a set of distinct features, such as political instability generated by the radicalization of the left-right divide of the political spectrum, instability of governments, an increase in people’s mistrust of politicians and institutions, politicians’ more or less successful attempts to tamper with justice, and the rise of populism (either populist movements or populist parties) at the electoral expense of traditional parties (Krastev, 2007; Mungiu-Pippidi, 2001, 2007). Post1989 Romania is no exception; all these features may be used to characterize the country’s politically troubled itinerary in the wake of the overthrow of Ceaușescu’s dictatorship. Sold as “an alternative politics” (Shafir, 2008, p. 429) or a provider of simplified, Manichean solutions to the intricacies of democracy, populism has been a constant presence in Romanian politics, accompanying the country’s long journey through transition.
Consumption of African Indigenous Vegetables Improves Children’s body Fat Free Mass in Machakos County, Kenya

School gardens growing African Indigenous Leafy Vegetables (AILVs) (Amaranthus cruentus and Vigna unguiculata) were established in Kangundo and Kilalani primary schools in Machakos County, Kenya and children aged 6-10 years (Kangundo, N = 66, Kilalani, N = 46) that met the inclusion criteria participated as study subjects. There were two phases, I (13 weeks) and II (12 weeks) with 4 weeks in between to enable crossover of the school as either experimental or control. AILVs were grown in gardens of the experimental school. Study subjects in the experimental group were fed on the AILVs recipe with an accompaniment of a mixture of cooked maize and beans once a day, 5 days a week per phase. The control group fed only on the accompaniment. Body Mass Index (BMI) was determined and a prescribed dose of deuterium oxide was administered and deuterium enrichment determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry for % Fat Free Mass (FFM) in children’s saliva at baseline and endline. Serum Zn and Fe levels were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy at baseline and endline. Endline analysis in both phase I and II showed the % FFM, mean serum Fe and Zn were significantly higher (p < 0.001) only for the experimental group. Food-based intervention through vegetable garden establishments has potential to eradicate malnutrition among school-going children in Kenya. Further, finding by previous studies that DDIM is more accurate in determining nutrition intervention outcomes in children than BMI is supported.
Clinical immunology Retinol-binding protein 4 levels are related to maternal triglyceride levels

Aim of the study: To detect whether there is an association between interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-17, retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and birth weight and maternal biochemical parameters. Material and methods: We obtained simultaneous maternal and cord blood from 77 patients. Blood for RBP4, IL-8 and IL-17 was stored. Results: There was no statistically significant correlation between maternal and cord blood RBP4, IL-8, IL-17 levels and birth weight percentiles. There was a statistically significant correlation between maternal RBP4 and maternal triglyceride and VLDL levels (r = 0.239; p = 0.038 and r = 0.278; p = 0.038), between maternal IL-17 and maternal LDL levels (r = 0.253; p = 0.031). There was a pos itive relation between RBP4 and maternal blood glucose in the bottom quartile group (< 25 th percentile) (r = 0.612; p = 0.015). Conclusion: Maternal RBP4 levels were related to maternal triglyceride levels. There was no asso ciation between RBP4, IL-8, IL-17 and birth weight.
Clostridium difficile–Related 30-Day Mortality: A Case-Control Study

BackgroundClostridium difficile infection (CDI) is related to the use of antibiotics and ranges in severity from mild diarrhea to pseudomembranous colitis and death. A new strain of C. difficile (polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027) has been associated with increased severity of CDI and outbreaks but is still uncommon in New Zealand or Australia. The mortality related to CDI in the Canterbury District Health Board region is unknown. MethodsThis was a case-control study. Cases (167) were all patients testing positive for C. difficile toxins A and B during 2009/2010 in the DHB’s hospitals. Two control subjects (334) testing negative were selected from the same database as the cases and matched for age, sex, and admission to the same medical specialty. Potential predictors of complications such as mortality before 30 days were assessed. ResultsThe median age was 73 years (range, 1–99 years). Overall 30-day mortality was 17% for the cases and 9% for the control subjects (P < 0.01). Males had an increased mortality (P < 0.01). Mortality was increased in untreated cases (P < 0.01) and cases with white blood cell (WBC) count outside the reference range (P < 0.01). ConclusionsEven in hospitals with a low CDI rate, there might be significant mortality in the older age group, with an increased risk of mortality in males and patients not treated for CDI.
Austin Virology and Retro Virology Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS) for Respiratory Tract Infections in Children

Background: Respiratory tract infections are common diseases in children. It is crucial therefore to evaluate the severity of the condition during the initial bedside assessment in the emergency department so that further examinations and hospital treatment can be conducted as appropriate. However, there are few such scoring systems for acute respiratory infection in childhood. Objective: To evaluate a new simple bedside scoring system for the rapid assessment of pediatric respiratory infections in emergency settings. Methods: We established a respiratory scoring system, namely “Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS)”, and examined its utility for assessing severity in 202 children who visited our hospital due to respiratory symptoms between January 2010 and November 2011. The PRESS assessed tachypnea, wheezing, retraction (accessory muscle use), SpO 2 , and feeding difficulties, with each component given a score of 0 or 1, and total scores were classified as mild (0–1), moderate (2–3), or severe (4–5). In addition, we performed RT-PCR techniques to detect respiratory viruses from nasal swabs and the detected viruses were evaluated in relation to severity. Results: According to the PRESS scores, the hospitalization rate was significantly higher in the moderate and severe groups than in the mild group. Oxygen therapy was longer in severe cases compared with other cases. There were no significant differences in the viral detection rate between the severity groups. Conclusion: The PRESS scoring system is useful for the initial assessment of respiratory tract infections in children to identify the need for hospitalization and further examination in emergency settings. asthma and acute respiratory infections in children, few suggest simple methods of bedside assessment [3-10]. To address this issue, we established a scoring system of the severity of respiratory infections in children, which we named the Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS), and evaluated its utility for assessing the severity of infection caused by various pathogens and for deciding the necessity of further clinical examinations and the treatment to start. We focused on the severity of the respiratory symptoms because the supportive care required by the patients is not available at home and only available at the hospital. In addition, we examined the relationship between the severity of illness and pathogens profiles.
Late Orogenic Heating of (Ultra)High Pressure Rocks: Slab Rollback vs. Slab Breakoff

Some (ultra)high-pressure metamorphic rocks that formed during continental collision preserve relict minerals, indicating a two-stage evolution: first, subduction to mantle depths and exhumation to the lower-crustal level (with simultaneous cooling), followed by intensive heating that can be characterized by a β-shaped pressure–temperature–time (P–T–t) path. Based on a two-dimensional (2D) coupled petrological–thermomechanical tectono-magmatic numerical model, we propose a possible sequence of tectonic stages that could lead to these overprinting metamorphic events along an orogenic β-shaped P–T–t path: the subduction and exhumation of continental crust, followed by slab retreat that leads to extension and subsequent asthenospheric upwelling. During the last stage, the exhumed crustal material at the crust–mantle boundary undergoes heating from the underlying hot asthenospheric mantle. This slab rollback scenario is further compared numerically with the classical continental collision scenario associated with slab breakoff, which is often used to explain the late heating impulse in the collisional orogens. The mantle upwelling occurring in the experiments with slab breakoff, which is responsible for the heating of the exhumed crustal material, is not related to the slab breakoff but can be caused either by slab bending before slab breakoff or by post-breakoff exhumation of the subducted crust. Our numerical modeling predictions align well with a variety of orogenic P–T–t paths that have been reported from many Phanerozoic collisional orogens, such as the Variscan Bohemian Massif, the Triassic Dabie Shan, the Cenozoic Northwest Himalaya, and some metamorphic complexes in the Alps.
A dynamical model for the spread of cholera near an aquatic reservoir

Cholera is a disease of small intestine caused by a bacterium named Vibrio Cholerae. It has been a threat to our society and challenge to medical science. In the present work we have formulated a dynamical model for the spread of cholera in a region under the consideration that this disease is transmitted there by contaminated water only. The present model is expected to capture long time-scale dynamics of the spread of cholera in an efficient manner as in addition to the issue of deaths occurring due to cholera and medical recovery from this disease in the group of infected individuals and falling of the recovered individuals again in the susceptible group it also assumes a variable population understanding birth and death (not by cholera) in the susceptible. We have calculated the corresponding equilibrium points, discussed about their local asymptotic stability and we have analyzed the possibility of Hopf bifurcation. We have also presented a numerical example to show the time dependent profiles of the susceptible, infected and concentration of Vibrio Cholerae using our model.
Tree Growth and Water-Use Efficiency Do Not React in the Short Term to Artificially Increased Nitrogen Deposition

Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and nitrogen deposition are, among the global change related drivers, those playing a major role on forests carbon sequestration potential, affecting both their productivity and water-use efficiency. Up to now, results are however contrasting, showing that the processes underlying them are far from being fully comprehended. In this study, we adopted an innovative approach to simulate the increase of N deposition in a sessile oak forest in North-Eastern Italy, by fertilizing both from above and below the canopy. We observed the dynamics of basal area increment, intrinsic water-use efficiency and of several leaf functional traits over 4 years, to evaluate how the added nitrogen and the two different fertilization system could affect them. We were not able, however, to detect any shift, besides a common yearly variability related to a prevailing background environmental forcing. To this end, we considered as relevant factors both the short time-span of the observation and the relatively low rate of applied nitrogen. Therefore, we stress the importance of long-term, manipulative experiments to improve the understanding of the C sequestration and mitigation ability of forests in response to increased N deposition.
Prospects for earlytt̄ resonance searches in ATLAS

Searches for signatures of new physics in tt̄ events at the LHC require efficient reconstruction of top quarks with a broad range of transverse mome nta. Three new reconstruction schemes are developed to deal with the large variety of top de cay topologies. Their performance on the lepton + jets final state is evaluated using a d et iled simulation of signal and background processes. Compared to previous ATLAS studi e , a much improved reconstruction efficiency is found over a large mtt̄ range. As a consequence, the sensitivity to tt̄ resonances in the TeV regime is enhanced considerably. Even in the earliest phase of the experiment, with an integrated luminosity of less than 1 fb−1 at a reduced centre-ofmass energy of 7 TeV, ATLAS is expected to significantly exten d the mass reach of existing searches.
A Review on Renewable Energy Systems for Irrigation in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

The lack of water in arid and semi-arid regions has often limited agricultural production. Indeed, even where water is available for irrigation, the lack of electricity, as well as the high costs of diesel, has created constraints on small farmers. The purpose of this research is to review the renewable energy potential available in arid and semi-arid zones that can be used for irrigation as a substitute for fossil fuels. In this review, the solar thermal irrigation, solar photovoltaic (PV) irrigation, wind pumping and biomass pumping are discussed. The comparison of different hybrid pumping systems and analyses of renewable sources irrigation assessment in arid and semi-arid regions of Mozambique also are discussed. The results of this study showed that there are still certain technological limitations regarding the use of solar thermal energy for irrigation. As far as wind power is concerned, the analysis of the pumping water life cycle cost showed that the wind power water pumping system is more economical and viable compared to the diesel based system. However, the study concluded that photovoltaic solar energy has been shown to be more viable for pumping water for irrigation in arid and semi-arid regions.
H EAT WAVES . C ONCEPT , DEFINITION AND METHODS USED TO DETECT

Heat waves. Concepts, definition and methods used to detect. Heat waves have been assessed, as the most dangerous weather events in the United States and in Australia, due to its major impact on human body. Consequently, detailed analyses is needed, both at global as well as at regional or local scales. Due to the high number of definitions and methods used to detect heat waves in the international scientific literature, in this study, we propose a review of the concept, the methods and data used to detect. We also made a brief comparison between two methods: 95th percentile-based method and 35oC fixed threshold method. As main result, we found that the 95th percentile method is more appropriate as it allows detection of the heat waves all around the year and for each weather stations under study, while the fixed threshold method is very sensitive to location of the weather stations and season.
Contributions to Missing Data Methods in Single-Cell Genomics and Survival Analysis

Single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies provide a powerful tool for systematic dissection of cellular heterogeneity. However, the prevalence of dropout events imposes complications during data analysis and, despite numerous efforts from the community, this challenge has yet to be solved. Here we present a computational method, called RESCUE, to mitigate the dropout problem by imputing gene expression levels using information from other cells with similar patterns. Unlike existing methods, we use an ensemble-based approach to minimize the feature selection bias on imputation. By comparative analysis of simulated and real single-cell RNA-seq datasets, we show that RESCUE outperforms existing methods in terms of imputation accuracy which leads to more precise cell-type identification. Taken together, these results suggest that RESCUE is a useful tool for mitigating dropouts in single-cell RNA-seq data. This work was supported by grants NIH R01HL119099 and NIH T32CA009337.
Dynamical Freeze-Out Phenomena: The Case of K±, φ Transverse Momentum Spectra in Collisions of Au(1.23 A GeV) + Au

We argue for a continuous (dynamical) kinetic freeze-out of K ± , ϕ observed at midrapidity in collisions of Au(1.23 A GeV) + Au. The simulations, by means of a transport model of Boltzmann-Ühling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) type, point to time independent transverse momentum slope parameters after 20 fm/c. The complex interplay of expansion dynamics and strangeness production/exchange/absorption as well as elastic scatterings involved in the reaction network does not support the previous interpretation of a late freeze-out of K − due to larger cross sections.
GENETIC EVALUATION OF INDICATOR TRAITS FOR CLAW AND LEG DISEASES AND ESTIMATION OF BACKFAT THICKNESS USING NEW TRAITS FROM AN AUTOMATIC 3D OPTICAL SYSTEM

In Kapitel 1 wurden Heritabilitäten für die Merkmale Lahmheit und Klauenund Gliedmaßenerkrankungen sowie ihre genetische Korrelation mittels linearer und Schwellenwertmodelle geschätzt. Ziel war es zu überprüfen, ob das Merkmal Lahmheit als Hilfsmerkmal zur Verbesserung der Klauenund Gliedmaßengesundheit herangezogen werden könnte. Im ersten Schritt erfolgte eine Modellentwicklung unter Berücksichtigung systematischer Einflussfaktoren und die Schätzung der relevanten fixen Effekte. Der Lahmheitsstatus wurde wöchentlich mit einem fünfstufigen Locomotion Scoring System beurteilt. Es wurden zwei separate Auswertungen mit und ohne der Diagnose Dermatitis Digitalis durchgeführt, um den Einfluss dieser Erkrankung zu bestimmen. Die mit dem bivariaten Schwellenwertmodell geschätzte Heritabilität für die Lahmheit stieg von 0.15 auf 0.22 infolge des Ausschlusses der Erkrankung. Für die Klauenund Gliedmaßenerkrankungen sank der Schätzwert von 0.24 auf 0.22. Die genetischen Korrelationen waren hoch und stiegen von 0.60 auf 0.71. Die deutlich positiven Korrelationen zwischen der Lahmheit und der Klauengesundheit lassen das Merkmal Lahmheit (Locomotion Score) als geeignetes Hilfsmerkmal erscheinen.