Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive function in E-athletes: A randomized controlled trial

Background: E-sports require athletes to have high-speed reflexes and excellent memory skills. Whereas a single session of aerobic exercise has been shown to improve cognitive function, this paper aims is to investigate the effects of acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the cognitive function of e-sports players and its time-course characteristics. Methods: Thirty-four E-athletes were divided into 2 groups according to a random number table method, and 2 trials in a quiet physical fitness gym. The duration of each trial was approximately 1 hour. In the first trial: exercise group (64–76% of maximum heart rate for 30 minutes power cycling) and control group, cognitive function was tested, and results were automatically recorded before, immediately after, and 30 minutes after exercise using the human benchmark website (https://humanbenchmark.com). The second trial crossed and swapped the interventions of the 2 groups, and the other test protocols were the same as the first. Results: In both trials, the exercise intervention group showed significant improvements in speed accuracy (P < .001, Cohen’s d = 1.406, 95% CI: 0.717–2.072; P = .005, Cohen’s d = 0.782, 95% CI: 0.227–1.319), visual memory (P < .001, Cohen’s d = 1.416, 95% CI: 0.725–2.086; P = .015, Cohen’s d = 0.662, 95% CI: 0.127–1.181), and reaction time (P < .001, Cohen’s d = 1.265, 95% CI: 0.610–1.898; P<.001, Cohen’s d = 0.979, 95% CI: 0.386–1.551) immediately after exercise compared to baseline. The exercise intervention group also showed significant improvement in speed accuracy 30 minutes after exercise compared to baseline (P = .002 Cohen’s d = 0.869, 95% CI: 0.298–1.421; P = .009, Cohen’s d = 0.722, 95% CI: 0.177–1.249). In the first trial, the exercise intervention group showed significant improvements in visual memory and reaction time immediately after exercise compared to the control group (P = .013, Cohen’s d = 0.904, 95% CI: 0.190–1.605; P = .027, Cohen’s d = 0.796, 95% CI: 0.090–1.490). The exercise intervention group also showed significant improvement in reaction time 30 minutes after exercise compared to baseline (P = .009, Cohen’s d = 0.719, 95% CI: 0.174–1.246). There was no effect of exercise on sequence memory or the chimp test in both trials (P > .05). Sequence effect analysis showed no influence on the order of the exercise intervention in both trials (P = .912; P = .111; P = .226). Conclusion: Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise significantly enhanced the speed accuracy, visual reaction time, and instantaneous memory of eSports players, and the effect could be extended up to 30 minutes after exercise.
Going Indochinese: Contesting Concepts of Space and Place in French Indochina

Christopher E. Goscha (คริสต ์โตเฟอร ์ อี . กอสชา, ผู ้ เขียน) เป ็น นกัประวตัศิาสตร์ชาวอเมรกินั ศาสตราจารย์ประจ�าแห่งมหาวทิยาลยัควเีบค มณฑล มอนทรีออลส์ ประเทศแคนาดา กอสชา มีพื้นฐานด้านการเมืองระหว่างประเทศ (Goscha, 2015) (ฐานข้อมูลออนไลน์) เมื่อศึกษาต่อในระดับที่สูงขึ้นจึงมีความมุ่ง มั น่ในการตคีวามระบบความสมัพนัธ์ทางการเมอืงในระดบัท้องถิ น่และระดบัภมูภิาค ในแนวใหม่ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง การใช้แนวคิดรัฐชาติ แนวคิดระบบอาณานิคม และ แนวคิดหลังอาณานิคมเข้ามาเป็นเครื่องมือในการอธิบายประวัติศาสตร์สมัย อาณานิคมกับสงครามเย็นในมุมมองที่แตกต่างออกไปจากเดิม งานที่สร้างชื่อเสียง ให้กับเขาจนได้รับการยกย่องให้เป็นหนึ่งในแกนน�าการน�าเสนอมุมมองการศึกษา สงครามเยน็แบบใหม่ อาท ิConnecting history (Goscha and Ostermann, 2009) และ Going Indochinese: Contesting concepts of space and place in French Indochina (Goscha, 2012) จดุประสงค์ของงานชิ น้นี ้คอื การศกึษาพฒันาการของอนิโดจนี กบัการให้ คุณค่าและความหมายของอินโดจีนในกลุ่มเจ้าอาณานิคมฝรั่งเศส คนเวียดนาม คนลาวและคนขะแมร์ และการช่วงชิงพื้นที่อินโดจีนของเจ้าอาณานิคมฝรั่งเศสกับ กลุ่มคอมมิวนิสต์ ครอบคลุมถึงกลุ่มชาตินิยมลาวกับขะแมร์ ประกอบด้วยเนื้อหา
Telomere-to-telomere assembly of cassava genome reveals the evolution of cassava and divergence of allelic expression

Abstract Cassava is a crucial crop that makes a significant contribution to ensuring human food security. However, high-quality telomere-to-telomere cassava genomes have not been available up to now, which has restricted the progress of haploid molecular breeding for cassava. In this study, we constructed two nearly complete haploid resolved genomes and an integrated, telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of an excellent cassava variety, ‘Xinxuan 048’, thereby providing a new high-quality genomic resource. Furthermore, the evolutionary history of several species within the Euphorbiaceae family was revealed. Through comparative analysis of haploid genomes, it was found that two haploid genomes had extensive differences in linear structure, transcriptome features, and epigenetic characteristics. Genes located within the highly divergent regions and differentially expressed alleles are enriched in the functions of auxin response and the starch synthesis pathway. The high heterozygosity of cassava ‘Xinxuan 048’ leads to rapid trait segregation in the first selfed generation. This study provides a theoretical basis and genomic resource for molecular breeding of cassava haploids.
Awareness and Attitude of Parents and Caregivers Regarding Harmful Traditional Medical Practices Towards Children in Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia

Background Traditional medicine has potential benefits, but distinguishing safe from risky procedures is crucial for safeguarding children’s health. Harmful practices in Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia, deeply rooted in cultural heritage, require scrutiny of parental attitudes and awareness. Aim The study aims to investigate and analyze the awareness, attitudes, and associated factors contributing to Harmful Traditional Medical Practices towards children in Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia. Methodology This study employed a cross-sectional design, using an online survey to collect data via a structured questionnaire developed from an extensive literature review on harmful traditional child medical practices in Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia. Results The study found that most respondents were aged 41–49 years (42.4%), lived in cities (77%), had at least an undergraduate degree (50.1%), and favored traditional medicine (55.9%). Common traditional medicine choices included “Herbs” (28.4%) and “Belly massage” (27.6%). Age significantly affected treatment preferences, while “Place of Resident” and “Education Level” hinted at potential differences. Personal experiences (37.2%) and family networks (31.4%) were key sources of information. Logistic regression analysis uncovered intricate links between sociodemographic and traditional medicine practices. Respondents’ views on “Awareness”, “Effectiveness”, and “Complications” demonstrated notable statistical significance, influencing parents’ and caregivers’ perspectives in the study. Conclusion The study’s outcomes underscore the imperative for heightened awareness and education concerning the potential hazards and complications tied to harmful traditional medical practices among parents and caregivers in Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia, particularly with regard to their children’s well-being. The evident inclination towards traditional medicine, reliance on personal experiences and familial networks for healthcare insights, and reservations regarding contemporary medical approaches underline the significance of addressing cultural beliefs.
Tide‐induced head fluctuations in a confined aquifer with sediment covering its outlet at the sea floor

A confined coastal aquifer usually extends under the sea for some distance with its submarine outlet covered by a thin layer of sediment with properties dissimilar from the aquifer. Previous theoretical studies neglected this outlet capping. In this paper an analytical solution is derived for a confined aquifer subject to tidal fluctuations with a leaky boundary condition at the outlet capping. For the cases that offshore length of the aquifer and/or the leakance of the outlet capping are either zero or infinity, existing solutions in literature are obtained. It is shown that our analytical solution can also be used to describe the tidal wave propagation in a confined aquifer extending infinitely under a tidal river. The full solution agreed well with the observations in a piezometer in the Jahe River Basin in China, 200 m inland from the coastline where the tide‐induced head fluctuations without delay were observed but cannot be explained using previous analytical and numerical solutions ignoring the effect of the outlet capping. The sensitivity analysis showed that the combined actions of the tidal loading and outlet capping lead to complex dependency of the head fluctuation on the outlet capping's leakance. When the offshore confined aquifer is short, the inland head fluctuation increases with the outlet capping's leakance. In this case significant negative phase shift occurs if the leakance is small. For offshore aquifer length greater than a threshold value the inland head fluctuations are independent of this length and the outlet capping's leakance.
Noticia sobre la microfauna vertebrada holocénica de la Grotta Su Guanu o Gonagosoula (Oliena, Sardenya)

In this paper the discovery of a very important fossiliferous deposit at Su Guanu or Gonagosula Cave (Oliena, prov. Nuoro. Sardinia) is presented. Rernains of a great nurnber of rnicrovertebrates (in fact more than 2,000 specimens) have been furnished by this deposit. All the vertebrate rnaterials are now under study. The chronology of the deposit can be placed around the second half of the IV rnilleniurn B.C. The cornposition of the fauna obtained allows us to establish a relative chronology of several faunistic events.
Predictive value of tumor mutational burden for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in NSCLC: A meta-analysis

Background: To investigate the association between tumor mutational burden (TMB) and the therapeutic effect of Programmed Death 1/Programmed Death Ligand 1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Four electronic databases, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, were searched on May 10, 2023, and no time limitation was applied. Analyses were performed using STATA17.0. We assessed the methodological quality of each randomized controlled trial using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: After exhaustive database search and rigorous screening, 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our findings indicate that high TMB significantly improves progression-free survival but reduces overall response rate. The overall survival was not significantly different between the high and low TMB groups. No significant publication bias was observed. Conclusion: High TMB serves as a potential predictive biomarker for improved progression-free survival and reduced overall response rate in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 inhibitors. However, its predictive value in overall survival requires further investigation.
Comparing reef bioindicators on benthic environments off southeast Florida

A goal of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is to develop protocols applicable to coral reefs to distinguish between the effects of local water quality and those associated with regional to global environmental change. One test case is the current-dominated southeast coast of Florida where the Delray Outfall delivers 30 million gallons/day (114,000 cubic meters/day) of secondary-treated sewage into the ocean. Five study sites were established at depths between 15 and 18 m, and at distances between 1 and 18 km distance from the outfall, where the Stony Coral Rapid Bioassessment Protocol (RBP) was conducted to determine coral cover and selected other parameters. During sampling, 29 surface sediment samples were collected that I analyzed with respect to sediment texture, foraminiferal assemblages, and sediment constituents. Most samples were characterized by fine sands with <2% mud. A total of 77 genera of foraminifers were identified, averaging 28 genera per sample. Abundances of foraminiferal shells varied among samples by more than an order of magnitude (83 to 1010 shells/g sediment). The Foraminifera in Reef Assessment and Monitoring (FORAM) Index was calculated from the foraminiferal data, yielding values of 3 or more
Observations and models of irradiance profiles, column transmittance, and column reflectance during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurements Enhanced Shortwave Experiment

In the fall of 1995 the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Enhanced Shortwave Experiment (ARESE) was conducted to address fundamental questions about the amount of absorption of solar radiation occurring in clear and cloudy skies. Irradiances measured from instruments flown on stacked aircraft as part of this experiment are compared to modeled irradiances for several representative days. As a basic check of the data and the model, the downwelling irradiances at 13 km are examined and found to be in good agreement, with both model and observations showing day-to-day variations as well as shorter timescale variations due to changing atmospheric conditions. Evidence of cloud-induced enhanced absorption is seen from an analysis of column reflectance and absorptance as determined from simultaneous measurements made from the stacked aircraft. When compared to model results, profiles of irradiance versus altitude as measured by one aircraft indicate cloud-induced enhanced absorption as well.
Regional stratigraphy and subsidence of Orphan Basin near the time of breakup and implications for rifting processes

The stratigraphic, subsidence and structural history of Orphan Basin, offshore the island of Newfoundland, Canada, is described from well data and tied to a regional seismic grid. This large (400 by 400 km) rifted basin is part of the non‐volcanic rifted margin in the northwest Atlantic Ocean, which had a long and complex rift history spanning Middle Jurassic to Aptian time. The basin is underlain by variably thinned continental crust, locally <10‐km thick. Our work highlights the complex structure, with major upper crustal faults terminating in the mid‐crust, while lower crustal reflectivity suggests ductile flow, perhaps accommodating depth‐dependent extension. We describe three major stratigraphic horizons connected to breakup and the early post‐rift. An Aptian–Albian unconformity appears to mark the end of crustal rifting in the basin, and a second, more subdued Santonian unconformity was also noted atop basement highs and along the proximal margins of the basin. Only minor thermal subsidence occurred between development of these two horizons. The main phase of post‐rift subsidence was delayed until post‐Santonian time, with rapid subsidence culminating in the development of a major flooding surface in base Tertiary time. Conventional models of rifting events predict significant basin thermal subsidence immediately following continental lithospheric breakup. In the Orphan Basin, however, this subsidence was delayed for about 25–30 Myr and requires more thinning of the mantle lithosphere than the crust. Models of the subsidence history suggest that extreme thinning of the lithospheric mantle continued well into the post‐rift period. This is consistent with edge‐driven, small‐scale convective flow in the mantle, which may thin the lithosphere from below. A hot spot may also have been present below the region in Aptian–Albian time.
ROMS and SUNTANS Continued Development and Support of AESOP and NLIWI

Abstract : Our long-term goal is to develop a parallel ocean simulation tool that is capable of simulating processes on a wide range of scales by coupling two vastly different codes, namely the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS, Shchepetkin and McWilliams (2005)), and the Stanford Unstructured Nonhydrostatic Terrain-following Adaptive Navier-Stokes Simulator (SUNTANS, Fringer et al. (2006)). The tool will adaptively nest SUNTANS, an unstructured-grid, coastal-scale code, into ROMS, a curvilinear grid, regional-scale code, in regions where the motions are small-scale and so nonhydrostatic. The nested tool will be applied to study highly nonlinear internal waves in the South China Sea in order to develop an improved understanding of mechanisms that govern their generation, propagation, and dissipation.
Optical and Radiative Properties of a Desert Aerosol Model

Abstract : One of the major sources of the natural atmospheric aerosols is wind- blown dust and sand. These predominantly originate from the arid and semi-arid regions which make up one-third of the earth's land area. The aerosol models in the Standard Radiation Atmospheres (SRA) of the IAMAP Radiation Commission, do not include a model specifically representative of these regions. Several recommendations were made for developing such a seperate desert aerosol model. This paper presents the optical and radiative properties of a desert aerosol model based on those recommendations. Two models are discussed representing the extremes of background conditions and a severe dust storm. Keywords: Desert aerosols; Optical properties; Scattering;Transmission; Atmospheric radiation; Reprints.
Comparison of health care professionals’ and laypeople's knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the use of antimicrobial and antimicrobial resistance

BACKGROUND: The discovery of antimicrobials is a pioneering step in health sciences concerning preventive care and early management for infectious diseases. However, with advancements in health sciences, inappropriate knowledge, practices, and over-the-counter medications were often used by the general population in underdeveloped nations like India without thinking about its consequences which leads to the use of antimicrobials excessively or inadequately, which is also a factor for antimicrobial resistance. This quantitative study determines the awareness of healthcare professionals and laypersons about usage and resistance of antimicrobials. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Research was carried out in rural tertiary teaching hospital of study participants were 106 nurses, 115 interns, 107 junior residents, and 97 laypersons using a “self-administered WHO questionnaire”. SPSS version 27.0 software was used to analyze the data. The P value cut-off for significance was established at <. 05. RESULTS: Forty seven percent of nurses and 44% of interns consumed antimicrobials in the last month, more than interns and junior residents. Fourteen percent of interns and 13% of laypersons did not get any prescription for lastly taken antimicrobial. The majority of participants obtain prescribed antimicrobials from medical stores and pharmacies. Fifty five percent of laypersons and 59% of nurses stop taking antimicrobials when they feel better. Only 13% of nurses were aware of the proper indications of antimicrobials for the same illness. Only 22% of respondents know the term superbugs, significantly less than the other key terms related to the antimicrobials. Nurses and laypersons had some misconceptions related to the mechanism of development of antimicrobial resistance. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis revealed that a significant lack of knowledge and various misconceptions were primarily seen in the nurses and laypersons. In contrast, medical graduates such as interns and junior residents lacked the right attitude and perspective regarding the use of antimicrobials and their resistance.
Geologic Hazards: A Field Guide for Geotechnical Engineers

INTRODUCTION LANDSLIDES AND OTHER SLOPE FAILURES Introduction Slope Failure Form Characteristics Assessment of Slopes Treatment of Slopes Investigation: A Review GROUND SUBSIDENCE, COLLAPSE, AND HEAVE Introduction Groundwater and Oil Extraction Subsurface Mining Solution of Rock Soil Subsidence and Collapse Heave in Soil and Rock References Further Reading EARTHQUAKES Introduction Earthquake Elements Surface Effects on the Geologic Environment Earthquake-Resistant Design: An Overview Investigation: Important Structures in High-Hazard Areas References Further Reading APPENDIX. THE EARTH AND GEOLOGIC HISTORY Significance to the Engineer The Earth Global Tectonics Geologic History References Further Reading
The potentials and challenges of using fermentation to improve the sensory quality of plant-based meat analogs

Despite the advancements made in improving the quality of plant-based meat substitutes, more work needs to be done to match the texture, appearance, and flavor of real meat. This review aims to cover the sensory quality constraints of plant-based meat analogs and provides fermentation as a sustainable approach to push these boundaries. Plant-based meat analogs have been observed to have weak and soft textural quality, poor mouth feel, an unstable color, and unpleasant and beany flavors in some cases, necessitating the search for efficient novel technologies. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, as well as fungi like Fusarium venenatum and Neurospora intermedia, have improved the product texture to mimic fibrous meat structures. Additionally, the chewiness and hardness of the resulting meat analogs have been further improved through the use of Bacillus subtilis. However, excessive fermentation may result in a decrease in the final product’s firmness and produce a slimy texture. Similarly, several microbial metabolites can mimic the color and flavor of meat, with some concerns. It appears that fermentation is a promising approach to modulating the sensory profiles of plant-derived meat ingredients without adverse consequences. In addition, the technology of starter cultures can be optimized and introduced as a new strategy to enhance the organoleptic properties of plant-based meat while still meeting the needs of an expanding and sustainable economy.
as a Tool to Study Motor Neuroscience

: The year 2016marks the 52 th anniversary tothe discovery of bereitschaftspotentials by Kornhuber and Deecke.Using a unique opisthochronic averaging technique, the discoverers found a consistent negative cortical potential that developed about 1500 to 1000 milliseconds prior to the onset of a self-paced movement. For the first time, it was possible for the scientific world to study the activity of the brain prior to an actual onset of movement. Their discovery changed the outlook of scientific world towards human brain from a passive reflexive organ to an active planner. Ever since this technique has opened new doors to unravel the secrets of motor physiology of the human brain. In this review article, we discuss in details the use of the bereitschaftspotentials to understand the temporal pattern of cortical activity prior to movement in health and in disease, including the study of brain areas and factors influencing motor planning and execution.