Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of different levels of Hermetia illucens oil inclusion on caecal microbiota of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica, Gould, 1837)

In this study, we investigated the effect of the dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens larvae oil on the diversity and structure of the bacterial community of the caecal content of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). A total of 40 quails, equally selected for slaughter from 100 animals which were divided evenly into four treatment groups including control group (C) with a diet containing corn oil and 3 experimental groups with partial (25%, 50%) or total (100%) substitution of corn oil by H. illucens larvae oil, here referred to as Black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFO): BSFO 25, BSFO 50 and BSFO 100, respectively. After slaughtering (42 days of age), the microbiota of caecal samples was examined by high-throughput sequencing using the V4-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene. In all the studied groups the dominant phylum was Firmicutes with prevailing families of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Caecal microbiota was meaningly influenced on genus level. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LefSe) analysis for the differential taxa abundance showed that Lactobacillus was significantly increased in BSFO 25 group, Fusicatenibacter was significantly enriched in all the experimental groups fed larvae oil (BSFO 25, 50 and 100) and Subdoligranulum was highly elevated in BSFO 100 group. The analysis revealed statistical dissimilarities between the control group (C) and the groups with 50% and 100% oil replacement (BSFO 50 and 100). The bacterial diversity was significantly suppressed in the samples of quails fed the diet with a total inclusion of H. illucens oil (BSFO 100). The results showed the considerable effect of Black soldier fly larvae oil on the caecal microbiota of Japanese quails.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Poultry Farming: A Look Back at Environmental Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry Farms during the Growing and Resting Periods

During the production cycle of poultry farms, pathogens may remain in the next cycle of rearing young chickens. This study was conducted at three industrial chicken farms (A, B, and C) in central Thailand. Results showed that the percentages of E. coli during the resting period in farms A, B, and C were 28.6, 53.8, and 7.8, respectively, and those during the growing period were 45, 68.8, and 75. The most common resistant patterns during the resting period in all farms were AML-AMP-SXT and AML-AMP-DO-SXT, and those during the growing period were AML-AMP and AML-AMP-SXT. The locations of blaTEM-positive E. coli isolates from the inside houses (inside buildings) of all farms included cloacal swabs, floors, water nipples, pan feeders, and husks, whereas that from the outside environment included boots, wastewater, soil, and water from cooling pads and tanks. Our results indicate that the percentage of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its pattern depend on the husbandry period and the strictness of biosecurity. Moreover, our findings derived from samples gathered from broiler farms between 2013 and 2015 align with those of the current studies, highlighting persistent trends in E. coli resistance to various antimicrobial agents. Therefore, enhancing biosecurity measures throughout both the resting and growing periods is crucial, with a specific focus on managing raw materials, bedding, breeding equipment, and staff hygiene to reduce the transmission of antimicrobial resistance in poultry farms.
BEYOND THE WORDS: THE ART AND SCIENCE OF TEACHING READING INTERACTIVELY

This paper explores the complex landscape of interactive reading practices, with a particular focus on pre-while-post reading stages, sub-reading skills, top-down and bottom-up processing, and intensive and extensive reading strategies. Together, these components are crucial in shaping effective reading pedagogy. The article reaffirms the multifaceted nature of interactive reading, highlighting the importance of a balanced and diverse approach to education. Insights gained from previous research underscore the transformative potential of this approach, providing a pathway to foster a generation deeply passionate about the literary realm. The findings emphasize the significance of a holistic engagement with various reading strategies. An ongoing exploration of these methodologies presents a promising trajectory, not only enriching English language teaching but also nurturing a profound appreciation for the power of reading among learners. As such, the study contributes to the constant conversation on effective reading instruction, providing a foundation for future r Article visualizations:esearch and practice in this area.
Oligonucleotide-Based Therapeutics for STAT3 Targeting in Cancer—Drug Carriers Matter

Simple Summary Activated STAT3 is an essential factor in cancer development; therefore, blocking STAT3 may be of therapeutic benefit in multiple cancer types. Thanks to recent developments in the regulatory function of non-coding nucleic acids, a new branch of nucleic acid-based molecules with significant therapeutic potential has emerged. Therapeutics such as siRNA, shRNA, ASO, and ODN-decoy that target STAT3 found an application in cancer therapies. The main advantage of using nucleic acid-based therapeutics is their high specificity based on the complementarity of the therapeutic sequence with the target. Conversely, oligonucleotide therapeutics struggle with stability, toxicity, sensitivity to nucleases, specificity toward cell type, and cellular uptake, which hamper their applicability. Among the various solutions proposed to overcome these problems, embedding the oligonucleotide in the carrier is an interesting strategy. The review combines the knowledge about STAT3 biology in cancer, the application of anti-STAT3 oligonucleotide therapeutics in cancer therapy, and carriers for their delivery. Abstract High expression and phosphorylation of signal transducer and transcription activator 3 (STAT3) are correlated with progression and poor prognosis in various types of cancer. The constitutive activation of STAT3 in cancer affects processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. The importance of STAT3 in cancer makes it a potential therapeutic target. Various methods of directly and indirectly blocking STAT3 activity at different steps of the STAT3 pathway have been investigated. However, the outcome has been limited, mainly by the number of upstream proteins that can reactivate STAT3 or the relatively low specificity of the inhibitors. A new branch of molecules with significant therapeutic potential has emerged thanks to recent developments in the regulatory function of non-coding nucleic acids. Oligonucleotide-based therapeutics can silence target transcripts or edit genes, leading to the modification of gene expression profiles, causing cell death or restoring cell function. Moreover, they can reach untreatable targets, such as transcription factors. This review briefly describes oligonucleotide-based therapeutics that found application to target STAT3 activity in cancer. Additionally, this review comprehensively summarizes how the inhibition of STAT3 activity by nucleic acid-based therapeutics such as siRNA, shRNA, ASO, and ODN-decoy affected the therapy of different types of cancer in preclinical and clinical studies. Moreover, due to some limitations of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics, the importance of carriers that can deliver nucleic acid molecules to affect the STAT3 in cancer cells and cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME) was pointed out. Combining a high specificity of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics toward their targets and functionalized nanoparticles toward cell type can generate very efficient formulations.
Rat Population Increase And Damage To Rice Plantations With Different Irrigation Systems In Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province

One of the rice producing regions in Indonesia is South Sulawesi. Wajo Regency is the second highest rice producing area in South Sulawesi, after Bone Regency. Based on the irrigation system, rice cultivation in Wajo Regency consists of technical irrigation, rainfed rice fields, and rice cultivation or dry land. Agriculture with various irrigation systems has an impact on pest population levels and the intensity of attacks. The decline in rice productivity is caused by many factors, one of which is the attack of rice rat pests that occur in several areas in Wajo Regency. There are several techniques and strategies for field rat management, ranging from sanitation, technical culture or plant cultivation, mechanical, biological, and chemical physical. All techniques and strategies of rice rat management must be applied integrated, continuously, and together in one stretch. This study aims to measure the potential presence of rice rats in several irrigation systems in Wajo Regency (irrigation, rainfed rice fields, and dryland rice), analyze the management of rice rats carried out by farmers, and the factors that affect it. The method used is observing rice planting patterns based on irrigation systems, estimating the population level of rice rats with single live traps and the level of attack on several rice planting irrigation systems. Likewise, rice rat population management in several rice planting irrigation systems, data analysis, and economic analysis. The result of this study is that the highest estimate of rats is in dryland rice plantations. The intensity of rat attacks was highest in dry land Pr>F 0.045 the area of attack was highest in rainfed land Pr>F was 0.0171, for intensity and area of attack in generative phase 1. The success of cultivation in dry land was 16.3% in generative phase 1 which was 16.48%. The presence of rats correlates both the intensity of the attack and the area of each addition of rats will increase the intensity of the attack by 0.155% and the area of attack by 0.308%.
Shelf life of the preheated and ready-to-eat long-horned grasshopper Ruspolia differens Serville

Ruspolia differens is an edible insect delicacy in sub-Saharan Africa, majorly harvested from the wild, with a very short shelf life (24 hours depending on the handling conditions). Combinations of preheating, roasting and drying, and storage at refrigerated and room temperature were used to prolong its shelf life. Product quality was evaluated using sensory, microbial and chemical analyses. To allow transportation from the harvesting areas to the market, preservation up to 9 hours at room temperature was possible using only preheating (boiling at 100 °C for 6 minutes). Combinations of preheating and roasting (for 25 and 35 minutes at 165 °C) resulted in moisture contents of 21.3 and 10.4% with shelf life at refrigeration temperature of 25 and 54 days, respectively. Aroma was the main factor determining the shelf life. Further drying of preheated and roasted grasshoppers resulted in a product with 4.5% moisture. In combination with vacuum packaging, storage at room temperature was possible for at least 20 weeks. This research therefore contributes to long term storage of the surplus harvested R. differens, and thus to increased food security.
Predicting the Ageing Time of Thin Film Sacrificial Copper Strip Sensors Over a Wide Range of DBDS Concentrations

Catastrophic transformer failures are often attributed to corrosive sulphur-related faults. However, the existing challenge lies in the absence of practical, real-time monitoring techniques for sulphur corrosion, especially on-site. Previous studies have proposed the use of thin film sacrificial copper strip sensors as a promising solution to address this issue. Yet, their effectiveness in detecting corrosive by-products resulting from varying concentrations of DBDS breakdown remains unexplored. To bridge this knowledge gap, this study introduces an alternative technique that utilizes MATLAB software for linear interpolation and extrapolation. The findings demonstrate the capability of this technique to predict the ageing time of thin film sacrificial copper strip sensors when exposed to corrosive by-products derived from DBDS breakdown across a broad concentration range. This research aims to provide a valuable contribution towards enabling effective monitoring of sulphur corrosion and enhancing transformer maintenance practices.
Empathy in Preschoolers: Exploring Profiles and Age- and Gender-Related Differences

Empathy is a key skill in the daily life of preschoolers, and it is important to understand how it evolves during this crucial period of development. This paper includes two studies. The first study, which had a cross-sectional design, examined affective, cognitive, and behavioral empathy in 354 children (aged from 3 to 6 years) through a performance-based measure and questionnaires completed by their mothers. Although girls tended to have better affective empathy than boys on the performance-based task, no difference was noted in the mothers’ perceptions of their children’s empathy. Empathy dimensions varied depending on the age of the children. The hierarchical cluster analyses of the cases identified differentiated subgroups of children, according to their empathic skills in the three dimensions. The second study, which was longitudinal, used the same measures and investigated the developmental trajectory of empathy in 69 preschoolers over one year. The results showed that each empathic dimension predicted itself one year later, but did not predict the two others. The implications for potential interventions are emphasized in this study.
Age-Associated Changes of Sirtuin 2 Expression in CNS and the Periphery

Simple Summary In the last decades there has been a demographic growth of the elderly population, a trend that will continue due to the increase in life expectancy. Hence, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying aging and identifying ways to modulate those mechanisms are intriguing areas of research. In this context, several studies have shown age-related changes in sirtuin 2 protein in humans and in different animal models, suggesting that it has a central role in aging and age-related pathologies. In the brain, most studies seem to demonstrate an increase in sirtuin 2 expression during the aging process, supporting that it may represent an ideal new target for the treatment of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast, in peripheral tissues, sirtuin 2 levels appear to decrease with aging; thus, systemic administration of any known modulator of this protein would have conflicting outcomes. This review summarizes the currently available information on changes in sirtuin 2 expression in aging, with the aim of providing an up-to-date overview of the topic and understanding its potential as a pharmacological target to treat age-related diseases. Abstract Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), one of the seven members of the sirtuin family, has emerged as a potential regulator of aging and age-related pathologies since several studies have demonstrated that it shows age-related changes in humans and different animal models. A detailed analysis of the relevant works published to date addressing this topic shows that the changes that occur in SIRT2 with aging seem to be opposite in the brain and in the periphery. On the one hand, aging induces an increase in SIRT2 levels in the brain, which supports the notion that its pharmacological inhibition is beneficial in different neurodegenerative diseases. However, on the other hand, in the periphery, SIRT2 levels are reduced with aging while keeping its expression is protective against age-related peripheral inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, systemic administration of any known modulator of this enzyme would have conflicting outcomes. This review summarizes the currently available information on changes in SIRT2 expression in aging and the underlying mechanisms affected, with the aim of providing evidence to determine whether its pharmacological modulation could be an effective and safe pharmacological strategy for the treatment of age-related diseases.
Beliefs, self-efficacy, subjective norms, and eating behaviors according to the breakfast frequency among female university students in South Korea

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Skipping breakfast is prevalent in young adult women. This study examined the psychosocial factors and eating behaviors according to the breakfast frequency among female university students. SUBJECTS/METHODS The subjects were female university students in Seoul, South Korea. A survey was done, and the data from 291 students were analyzed. The subjects were categorized into a high breakfast group (HBG) and low breakfast group (LBG). Analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression were mainly used in data analysis. RESULTS The subjects had breakfast 3.6 days/week on average. The HBG (47.4%) and the LBG (52.6%) differed significantly in breakfast status, including place, people eating together, breakfast menu, and breakfast preparers (P < 0.001). The HBG agreed more strongly with the advantages of breakfast than the LBG (P < 0.001). The disadvantages/barriers of breakfast were stronger in the LBG (P < 0.001). The HBG felt more confidence in having breakfast (P < 0.001) and confidence in general eating behaviors (P < 0.05). The two groups also differed in the subjective norms from parents/professionals (P < 0.001) and siblings/friends (P < 0.01). The HBG showed desirable eating behaviors more frequently (P < 0.001) and undesirable eating behaviors less frequently (P < 0.001). Multiple regression showed that the following were significantly related to the breakfast frequency, explaining 57.3% of the variance: self-efficacy regarding having breakfast (P < 0.001), perceived barriers of breakfast (no appetite/habit/indigestion, P < 0.001), desirable and undesirable eating behaviors (P < 0.01), subjective norms from parents/professionals (P < 0.05), and perceived barriers due to lack of time/preparation difficulties (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial factors and eating behaviors were significantly related to the breakfast frequency. Nutrition education might include strategies to increase self-efficacy for breakfast, modify the beliefs, particularly the disadvantages/barriers of breakfast, adopt desirable eating behaviors, and elicit support from significant others.
Pro-Inflammatory Biomarkers and Progression of Atherosclerosis in Patients with Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: 1-Year Follow-Up

The objective of our study was to evaluate the concentrations of pro-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with acute myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) compared to patients with acute myocardial infarction with obstructive coronary arteries (MI-CAD) in the early post-infarction period and after 1 year and to perform a comparative analysis of the relationship between laboratory biomarkers and atherosclerosis progression in patients with MINOCA and MI-CAD. Methods: Samples of peripheral venous blood were collected upon admission and on days 2, 4, and 7 of hospitalization and after 1 year. An extended multiplex analysis was performed in blood serum. Multidetector-computed tomography coronary angiography was performed on day 7 and 1 year after acute myocardial infarction to assess the progression of atherosclerosis. Results: The level of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was elevated upon admission in MINOCA patients compared to MI-CAD patients (p = 0.05), but it was comparable in two groups at other time points and did not exceed the reference range after 1 year. Despite comparable levels of cytokines CXCL-6, LIGHT, CCL-8, and endocan-1 in patients in both groups, MINOCA patients had a greater increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines PlGF, oncostatin M, IL-20, and CCL-15 sVCAM-1 in the early post-infarction period and in CCL-21, sVCAM-1, oncostatin M, and PlGF after 1 year. We observed significant differences in the dynamics of the following biomarkers between patients with MI-CAD and MINOCA: the dynamics of concentrations of CCL21 (p = 0.002), LIGHT (p = 0.03), and endocan-1 (p = 0.03) after 1 year compared to day 1 in MI-CAD and MINOCA patients was opposite, while the dynamics of CXCL6 (p = 0.04) and endocan-1 (p = 0.02) differed between groups when evaluated after 1 year compared to day 7 of the early post-infarction period. In the MINOCA group, factors associated with atherosclerosis progression were concentrations of sVCAM-1 and CCL-21, while in the MI-CAD group, concentrations of CCL-8 and CXCL6 were the main determinants of atherosclerosis progression. Conclusions: This small study showed that MINOCA and MI-CAD patients exhibited differences in a pro-inflammatory biomarker profile in the early post-infarction period and after 1-year follow-up, which implies distinct inflammatory pathways involved in atherogenesis during MINOCA. The key factors that were associated with atherosclerosis progression in MINOCA patients are sVCAM-1 and CCL-21, which may suggest a complex genesis of atherosclerosis progression due to structurally altered plaques and changes in the microcirculatory bed. In MI-CAD patients, CCL-8 and CXCL-6 were the key biomarkers associated with atherosclerosis progression. Further large-scale studies are required to confirm our data.
Auckland: A Case Study in the Regional Assessment of Long-Term Sea Level Change

Climate change has a variety of important environmental impacts, one of which is reflected in changing sea levels. Increasingly, for coastal management activities planners, engineers and surveyors need a reliable assessment of the sea level changes that can be expected over the next 100 years. While the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has produced such assessments, they give a global picture only – a picture that may not be applicable in a regional context.
Paraonidae (Polychètes sédentaires) de Méditerranée

Letude de plusieurs collections de Polychetes Paraonidae de Mediterranee provenant du plateau continental, de la pente continentale et de la plaine abyssale s'est revelee particulierement interessante. Sept especes et trois sous-especes sont nouvelles pour la Science. Une espece rapprochee d'une forme signalee en Atlantique profond est nouvelle pour la Mediterranee. Enfin, un certain nombre de comparaisons morphologiques avec des formes etrangeres a la Mediterranee ont pu etre faites sur le materiel lui-meme. Cette monographie porte a 28 especes ou sous-especes le nombre de Paraonidae mediterranees, la plupart etant localises, en l'etat actuel de nos connaissances, a la Mediterranee Occidentale. Du point de vue bathymetrique, quatre especes sont strictement depuis les premieres dizaines de metres jusqu'aux plus grandes profondeurs. La plupart des autres especes habitent le plateau continental ou le debut de la pente, certaines ont dans ce cadre des exigences ecologiques assez precises, en particulier dans l'etage infralittoral. [OCR NON CONTROLE]