Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phase transitions for p-adic Potts model on the Cayley tree of order three

In the present paper, we study a phase transition problem for the q-state p-adic Potts model over the Cayley tree of order three. We consider a more general notion of p-adic Gibbs measure which depends on parameter ρ∈Qp. Such a measure is called generalized p-adic quasi Gibbs measure. When ρ equals the p-adic exponent, then it coincides with the p-adic Gibbs measure. When ρ = p, then it coincides with the p-adic quasi Gibbs measure. Therefore, we investigate two regimes with respect to the value of |ρ|p. Namely, in the first regime, one takes ρ = expp(J) for some J∈Qp, in the second one |ρ|p < 1. In each regime, we first find conditions for the existence of generalized p-adic quasi Gibbs measures. Furthermore, in the first regime, we establish the existence of the phase transition under some conditions. In the second regime, when |ρ|p,|q|p ≤ p−2 we prove the existence of a quasi phase transition. It turns out that if | ρ | p < | q − 1 | p 2 < 1? > and − 3 ∈ Q p ? > , then one finds the existence of the strong phase transition.
Extraction with Acidified Methanol—An Easy and Effective Method of Methyl Chlorogenate Formation, as Studied by ESI-MS

Among the different Hawthorn species, Crataegus monogyna seems to be one of the most often used in herbal medicine, and is commercially available. The methanolic extract and the acidified methanol extract of an herbal medicinal product based on Crataegus monogyna inflorescences were analyzed by using high-pressure liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS). On the basis of m/z of [M-H]− ions and characteristic fragmentation patterns, a number of polyphenolic compounds, namely flavonoids and chlorogenic acids, were identified. It was found that the contents of the acid extract were enriched with methyl chlorogenates showing attractive biochemical properties. Analogous results were obtained for other plant materials, e.g., nectarine kernels. Apart from that, acid extraction had a minor influence on the polyphenolic compounds present in the plants, and thus it did not affect the natural antioxidant values of the plant extracts.
The substellar mass function in σ Orionis II. Optical, near-infrared and IRAC/Spitzer photometry of young cluster brown dwarfs and planetary-mass objects ,

Aims. We investigate the mass function in the substellar domain down to a few Jupiter masses in the young σ Orionis open cluster (3 ± 2M a,d = 360 +70 −60 pc). Methods. We have performed a deep IJ-band search, covering an area of 790 arcmin 2 close to the cluster centre. This survey was complemented with an infrared follow-up in the HKs- and Spitzer 3.6–8.0 µm-bands. Using colour–magnitude diagrams, we have selected 49 candidate cluster members in the magnitude interval 16.1 mag < I < 23.0 mag. Results. Accounting for flux excesses at 8.0 µm and previously known spectral features of youth, we identify 30 objects as bona fide cluster members. Four are first identified from our optical-near infrared data. Eleven have most probable masses below the deuterium burning limit which we therefore classify as candidate planetary-mass objects. The slope of the substellar mass spectrum – –
Semifields from skew polynomial rings

Skew polynomial rings were used to construct finite semifields by Petit in 1966, following from a construction of Ore and Jacobson of associative division algebras. In 1989 Jha and Johnson constructed the so-called cyclic semifields, obtained using irreducible semilinear transformations. In this work we show that these two constructions in fact lead to isotopic semifields, show how the skew polynomial construction can be used to calculate the nuclei more easily, and provide an upper bound for the number of isotopism classes, improving the bounds obtained by Kantor and Liebler in 2008 and implicitly in recent work by Dempwolff.
Jakšić–Last theorem for higher rank perturbations

We consider the generalized Anderson model Δ+∑n∈NωnPn , where N is a countable set, {ωn}n∈N are i.i. d. random variables and the Pn are rank N<∞ projections. For these models we prove theorem analogous to that of Jakšić–Last on the equivalence of the trace measure σn(·)=tr(PnEHω(·)Pn) for n∈N a.e. ω. Our model covers the dimer and polymer models.
Exact Current Statistics of the ASEP with Open Boundaries

Non-equilibrium systems are often characterized by the transport of some quantity at a macroscopic scale, such as, for instance, a current of particles through a wire. The Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process (ASEP) is a paradigm for non-equilibrium transport that is amenable to exact analytical solution. In the present work, we determine the full statistics of the current in the finite size open ASEP for all values of the parameters. Our exact analytical results are checked against numerical calculations using DMRG techniques.
A new spin foam model for 4D gravity

Starting from Plebanski formulation of gravity as a constrained BF theory we propose a new spin foam model for 4D Riemannian quantum gravity that generalizes the well-known Barrett–Crane model and resolves the inherent to it ultra-locality problem. The BF formulation of 4D gravity possesses two sectors: gravitational and topological ones. The model presented here is shown to give a quantization of the gravitational sector, and is dual to the recently proposed spin foam model of Engle et al which, we show, corresponds to the topological sector. Our methods allow us to introduce the Immirzi parameter into the framework of spin foam quantization. We generalize some of our considerations to the Lorentzian setting and obtain a new spin foam model in that context as well.
An Extremely Endogenous Relationship of Technology Gap With Foreign Direct Investment and Employment in India

This research article examines causal relationships between three most important factors of economic growth, i.e., foreign direct investment (FDI), technology gap, and employment in India. First, the study explores the relationship of FDI with technology gap. Consequently, the study strives to understand the effect of technology transfer through FDI on the level of employment and self-employment/entrepreneurship while considering the role of trade liberalization in the FDI–technology–employment relationship. The modified Wald test of Toda and Yamamoto (1995) has been applied for the study. The major finding of the study is that the state of technology in India is acting as a driving force behind FDI, which, in turn, is pushing the agenda of trade liberalization. Therefore, FDI and trade openness are becoming the key influencers for employment generation in industries and also inducing self-employment and entrepreneurship across various sectors of the economy. A direct two-way relationship has also been found between technology and employment (employment in industrial sector and the self-employed people/entrepreneurs) in India. This implies that technology is a motivating factor behind the present scenario of trade markets in India. This article provides good policy insights for developing strategies toward technology transfer, investments, and employment creation.
Antidiabetic Effects of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth) (Asteraceae) Aqueous Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat

Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is an increasing disease empirically controlled with medicinal plants, whose many virtues are still unknown even by people who eat them as food. The study aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic effects of Crassocephalum crepidioides aerial parts aqueous extract in normal and diabetic rats. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Animal Biology and Physiology (University of Douala), July - November 2016. Experimental Procedure: Normal, glucose-overloaded normal, and Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats received the Crassocephalum crepidioides aqueous extract at various doses (13.5–300 mg/kg) in a single administration, and their fasting blood glucose was followed for over 5h. In prolonged treatment, Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats received daily administration of the plant extract for 21 days and, blood glucose level, body weight, food, and water intake were followed weekly, while serum biochemical parameters were evaluated after 21 days of treatment. ¶ Type 1 diabetes was induced by an intravenous administration of a single dose of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) was used as standard treatment for comparison with the plant extract. Results and Conclusion: The acute administration of Crassocephalum crepidioides extract did not reduce blood glucose levels of normal and diabetic rats, but significantly reduced (P<0.05 – P<0.01) the thirtieth-minute increase of glycemia in glucose-overloaded rats. Moreover, the 21-day treatment with the extract induced significant decreases (P<0.05 – P˂0.001) in serum glucose, creatinine, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and ALAT/ASAT levels or activities, and significant increases (P˂0.001) in serum HDL-cholesterol and body weight of diabetic rats. The ¶C. crepidioides aqueous extract has poten antidiabetic effects, justifying its traditional use for diabetes mellitus.
Multi-Player Stopping Games in Continuous Time

We consider multi-player stopping games in continuous time. Unlike Dynkin games, in our games the payoff of each player is revealed after all the players stop. Moreover, each player can adjust her own stopping strategy by observing other players’ behaviors. Assuming the continuity of the payoff functions in time, we show that there always exists an e-Nash equilibrium in pure stopping strategies for any e > 0. Our game has a wide range of applications, e.g., when companies choose times to take actions, and e.g., when investors who both short and long American options try to maximize their utilities.
Invariant measures and orbit equivalence for generalized Toeplitz subshifts

We show that for every metrizable Choquet simplex K and for every group G, which is infinite, countable, amenable and residually finite, there exists a Toeplitz G-subshift whose set of shift-invariant probability measures is affine homeomorphic to K. Furthermore, we get that for every integer d > 1 and every Toeplitz flow (X, T ), there exists a Toeplitz Z-subshift which is topologically orbit equivalent to (X, T ).
On the Dimension of Cohomology of Bianchi Groups

Using Lefschetz numbers of certain involutions, we provide lower bounds for the cuspidal cohomology of principal congruence subgroups of Bianchi groups. The asymptotic lower bounds that follow from our results complement recent results of Calegari-Emerton, Marshall and Finis-Grunewald-Tirao. Moreover, we discuss the relationship between these involutions and the base change classes in the cohomology.
Soft Skills of Latin American Engineering Professors: Gender Gap

The importance of soft skills in the professional work of an engineer is becoming increasingly important, even more so since the emergence of Covid-19 boosted the digitization of all professional sectors. In order for future engineers to acquire this type of skills, it is necessary for engineering professors to have an optimal level of technical and transversal skills. This article analyzes the assessment made by a group of engineering professors about their degree of development of soft skills and describes gender gaps in these assessments. Based on a self-created survey to evaluate different families of soft skills relevant to engineering education, a sample of 284 Latin American engineering professors reported: 1) high evaluations of their soft skills and 2) the existence of gender gaps in the families of work behavior and social skills in favor of females. This gap is especially wide among participants younger than 45 and older than 65 in the social skills family. In addition, females also rate their work motivation skills higher, except in the 55–64 age range.
Subdivision rules for special cubulated groups

We find explicit subdivision rules for all special cubulated groups. A subdivision rule for a group produces a sequence of tilings on a sphere which encode all quasi-isometric information for a group. We show how these tilings detect properties such as growth, ends, divergence, etc. We include figures of several worked out examples.
Polytopes with Special Simplices

For a polytope P a simplex S with vertex set V(S) is called a special simplex if every facet of P contains all but exactly one vertex of S. For such polytopes P with face complex F(P) containing a special simplex the subcomplex F(P) / V(S) of all faces not containing vertices of S is the boundary of a polytope Q - the basis polytope of P. If additionally the dimension of the affine basis space of F(P) / V(S) equals dim(Q), we call P meek; otherwise we call P wild. We give a full combinatorial classification and techniques for geometric construction of the class of meek polytopes with special simplices. We show that every wild polytope P' with special simplex can be constructed out of a particular meek one P by intersecting P with particular hyperplanes. It is non-trivial to find all these hyperplanes for an arbitrary basis polytope; we give an exact description for 2-basis polytopes. Furthermore we show that the f-vector of each wild polytope with special simplex is component wise bounded above by the f-vector of a particular meek one which can be computed explicitly. Finally, we discuss the n-cube as a non-trivial example of a wild polytope with special simplex and prove that its basis polytope is the zonotope given by the Minkowski sum of the (n-1)-cube and the vector (1,.,1). Polytopes with special simplex have applications on Ehrhart theory, toric rings and were just used by Francisco Santos to construct a counter-example disproving the Hirsch conjecture.
Cocompact amenable closed subgroups: weakly inequivalent representations in the left-regular representation

We show that if $H \leq G$ is a closed amenable and cocompact subgroup of a unimodular locally compact group, then the reduced group C*-algebra of $G$ is not simple. Equivalently, there are unitary representations of $G$ that are weakly contained in the left-regular representation, but not weakly equivalent to it. We discuss applications of this result and pose the problem to construct non-discrete topologically simple groups with a cocompact amenable closed subgroup but without a Gelfand pair.
Assessing the Formation of Purine Lesions in Mitochondrial DNA of Cockayne Syndrome Cells

Mitochondrial (mt) DNA and nuclear (n) DNA have known structures and roles in cells; however, they are rarely compared under specific conditions such as oxidative or degenerative environments that can create damage to the DNA base moieties. Six purine lesions were ascertained in the mtDNA of wild type (wt) CSA (CS3BE–wtCSA) and wtCSB (CS1AN–wtCSB) cells and defective counterparts CS3BE and CS1AN in comparison with the corresponding total (t) DNA (t = n + mt). In particular, the four 5′,8–cyclopurine (cPu) and the two 8–oxo–purine (8–oxo–Pu) lesions were accurately quantified by LC–MS/MS analysis using isotopomeric internal standards after an enzymatic digestion procedure. The 8–oxo–Pu levels were found to be in the range of 25–50 lesions/107 nucleotides in both the mtDNA and tDNA. The four cPu were undetectable in the mtDNA both in defective cells and in the wt counterparts (CSA and CSB), contrary to their detection in tDNA, indicating a nonappearance of hydroxyl radical (HO•) reactivity within the mtDNA. In order to assess the HO• reactivity towards purine nucleobases in the two genetic materials, we performed γ–radiolysis experiments coupled with the 8–oxo–Pu and cPu quantifications on isolated mtDNA and tDNA from wtCSB cells. In the latter experiments, all six purine lesions were detected in both of the DNA, showing a higher resistance to HO• attack in the case of mtDNA compared with tDNA, likely due to their different DNA helical topology influencing the relative abundance of the lesions.
Anomalies, Unitarity, and Quantum Irreversibility

Abstract The trace anomaly in external gravity is the sum of three terms at criticality: the square of the Weyl tensor, the Euler density and □R, with coefficients, properly normalized, called c, a, and a′, the latter being ambiguously defined by an additive constant. Considerations about unitarity and positivity properties of the induced actions allow us to show that the total RG flows of a and a′ are equal and therefore the a′-ambiguity can be consistently removed through the identification a′=a. The picture that emerges clarifies several long-standing issues. The interplay between unitarity and renormalization implies that the flux of the renormalization group is irreversible. A monotonically decreasing a-function interpolating between the appropriate values is naturally provided by a′. The total a-flow is expressed non-perturbatively as the invariant (i.e., scheme-independent) area of the graph of the beta function between the fixed points. We test this prediction to the fourth loop order in perturbation theory, in QCD with Nf≲11/2Nc and in supersymmetric QCD. There is agreement also in the absence of an interacting fixed point (QED and ϕ4-theory). Arguments for the positivity of a are also discussed.
Largest eigenvalues and eigenvectors of band or sparse matrices

In this text, we consider an N by N random matrix X such that all but o(N) rows of X have W non identically zero entries, the other rows having lass than $W$ entries (such as, for example, standard or cyclic band matrices). We always suppose that 1 > (\log N)^{6(1+\alpha)}, where \alpha is a positive parameter depending on the distribution of the entries, then the largest eigenvalue of X/\sqrt{W} converges to the upper bound of its limit spectral distribution, that is 2, as for Wigner matrices. This extends some previous results by Khorunzhiy and Sodin where less hypotheses were made on W, but more hypotheses were made about the law of the entries and the structure of the matrix. Then, under the same hypotheses, we prove a delocalization result for the eigenvectors of X, precisely that most of them cannot be essentially localized on less than W/\log(N) entries. This lower bound on the localization length has to be compared to the recent result by Steinerberger, which states that either the localization length in the edge is << W^{7/5} or there is strong interaction between two eigenvectors in an interval of length W^{7/5}.
Bellicist integration? The war in Ukraine, the European Union and core state powers

ABSTRACT Kelemen and McNamara claim that the imbalance between the EU’s strong regulatory authority and weak capacity in core state powers reflects its peaceful origins: the EU lacks coercive force, fiscal autonomy and administrative grip because it never had to confront a serious military threat. Will the emergence of such a threat suffice to correct the imbalance? As I argue theoretically, military threats have ambiguous effects on integration. They can fuel center-formation and capacity-building, as Kelemen and McNamara suggest, but also block it. As I show empirically, the military threat posed by the Russian attack of Ukraine in February 2022 has triggered very little EU capacity-building so far. I observe almost no centralization of core state powers but rather a strengthening of national powers with the support of EU institutions: ‘bellicist integration’ rather than ‘bellicist state-building’.
On the Global Structure of Special Cycles on Unitary Shimura Varieties

Abstract In this paper, we study the reduced loci of special cycles on local models of the Shimura variety for $\text{GU}\left( 1,\,n\,-\,1 \right)$ . Those special cycles are defined by Kudla and Rapoport. We explicitly compute the irreducible components of the reduced locus of a single special cycle, as well as of an arbitrary intersection of special cycles, and their intersection behaviour in terms of Bruhat–Tits theory. Furthermore, as an application of our results, we prove the connectedness of arbitrary intersections of special cycles, as conjectured by Kudla and Rapoport.
Relationship between Decision-Making, Time Perspective and Stress

Decision-making is a process of gathering information, organizing, and making appropriate choices. Time perspective refers to the ways one perceives the past, present, and future. Every decision-making style dwells in one of these temporal orientations. Within the process of decision-making, there is likely to be some degree of stress. The current study explores the association between Decision-Making Styles, Time Perspective, and Stress among college students (n = 120). Tools used were the General Decision-Making Style (GDMS), the short version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI-short), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Results showed a significant association between decision-making styles, time perspective, and stress. Further, decision-making was found to be influenced by temporal orientations and stress levels. Furthermore, this article also proposes to discuss the application value of decision-making in the process of addressing the challenges associated with career and other real-life decisions.
A NOTE ON BUNDLE GERBES AND INFINITE-DIMENSIONALITY

Abstract Let (P,Y ) be a bundle gerbe over a fibre bundle Y →M. We show that if M is simply connected and the fibres of Y →M are connected and finite-dimensional, then the Dixmier–Douady class of (P,Y ) is torsion. This corrects and extends an earlier result of the first author.
Energy scaling and branched microstructures in a model for shape-memory alloys with SO(2) invariance

Domain branching near the boundary appears in many singularly perturbed models for microstructure in materials and was first demonstrated mathematically by Kohn and Muller for a scalar problem representing the elastic behavior of shape-memory alloys. We study here a model for shape-memory alloys based on the full vectorial problem of nonlinear elasticity, including invariance under rotations, in the case of two wells in two dimensions. We show that, for two wells with two rank-one connections, the energy is proportional to the power 2/3 of the surface energy, in agreement with the scalar model. In a case where only one rank-one connection is present, we show that the energy exhibits a different behavior, proportional to the power 4/5 of the surface energy. This lower energy is achieved by a suitable interaction of the two components of the deformations and hence cannot be reproduced by the scalar model. Both scalings are proven by explicit constructions and matching lower bounds.
PR3-ANCAs Detected by Third-Generation ELISA Predicts Severe Disease and Poor Survival in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

A highly sensitive detection of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies to serine proteinase-3 (PR3-ANCAs) aids in the serological diagnosis of autoimmune liver disorders and the prediction of severity in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Here, we evaluate a novel third-generation ELISA for the detection of PR3-ANCAs. In total, 309 patients with PSC, 51 with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and 120 healthy blood donors (BD) were analyzed. For the survival analysis in PSC, the outcome was defined as liver-transplantation-free survival during the follow-up. Positive PR3-ANCA levels were found in 74/309 (24.0%) of patients with PSC. No BDs and one patient with PBC demonstrated PR3-ANCA positivity. PR3-ANCAs were revealed as independent predictors for a poor PSC outcome (study endpoint: liver transplantation/death, log-rank test, p = 0.02). PR3-ANCA positivity, lower albumin levels, and higher bilirubin concentrations were independent risks of a poor survival (Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis, p < 0.05). The Mayo risk score for PSC was associated with PR3-ANCA positivity (p = 0.01) and the disease severity assessed with a model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) and extended MELD-Na (p < 0.05). PR3-ANCAs detected by a third-generation ELISA are diagnostic and prognostic markers for PSC. Their wider use could help to identify patients who are at-risk of a more severe disease.