Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Thermal Barrier Coatings Microstructural Features Based on Support Vector Machine Optimized by Cuckoo Search Algorithm

Microstructural features have a vital effect on the comprehensive performance of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and highly depend on the thermal spray processing parameters. Herein, a novel hybrid machine-learning method was proposed to predict the microstructural features of TBCs using thermal spray processing parameters based on a support vector machine method optimized by the cuckoo search algorithm (CS-SVM). In this work, atmospheric-plasma-sprayed (APS) TBCs samples with multifarious microstructural features were acquired by modifying the spray powder size, spray distance, and spray power during thermal spray processing. The processing parameters were used as the inputs for the CS-SVM model. Then, the porosity, the pore-to-crack ratio, the maximum Feret’s diameter, the aspect ratio, and the circularity were counted and treated as the targets for the CS-SVM model. After optimization and training procedure of the CS-SVM model, the predicted results were compared to the results of experimental data, as a result, the squared correlation coefficient (R2) of CS-SVM model showed that the prediction accuracy reached by over 95%, and the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were less than 0.1, which also verified the reliability of the CS-SVM model. Finally, this study proposed a novel and efficient microstructural feature prediction that could be potentially employed to improve the performance of TBCs in service.
Comparison of Web Services for Sentiment Analysis in Social Networking Sites

With various type of web services available, it is hard to identify and compare which of the free access web services work best in analysing sentiment of extremist content in social networking sites. For that purpose, a generic approach by working with API of web service using PHP programming language is used to test each dataset that was extracted based on the keyword ‘extremism’. Data from both Twitter and Facebook has been used as these two are the most powerful platforms for expressing one’s feeling. The comparison for web service is done based on the analysis of its accuracy, precision, recall and f-measures in obtaining the lowest score of mean square error (MSE). Four sentiment analysis web services are used which are Sentiment Analyzer, Aylien, ParallelDots, and MonkeyLearn. From the comparison, MonkeyLearn obtained the best final results among all web services with the lowest MSE score of 14%. For the benefit of other researchers, the finding of this will reveal the suitable web service for analysing sentiment issues as critical as extremism.
Lipoperoxidation and its correlation with antioxidant vitamins in non-pregnant, pregnant, & preeclamptic women.

[Abstract] Objective We evaluated the levels of the antioxidant vitamins and their correlation with lipoperoxi 唱 dation in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA). Methods We compared 3 groups of women:non唱pregnant (NP), pregnant (P) and preeclamptics (PE). The quantification of MDA,vitamins E,A,C were done spectrophotomet唱 rically and statistical analyses were performed to compare these 3 groups.Results MDA increased from 3.78 ± 0畅87 nmol/g Hb (in NP) to 6.503 ±0.63 nmol/g Hb(P) and 7.96 ±1.09 nmol/gHb (PE). The alteration was significant in both the cases compared with NP.Vitamin E levels increased from 12.456 ±2.56 μM/L(NP) to 13畅99 ±3.3 μM/L(P) but in NP decreased to 10畅61 ±2.53 μM/L.Vitamin A decreased from 292.35 ±31.28 μg/L(NP) to 245.01 ±56.59 μg/L(P) and 211.34 ±11.94 μg/L (PE). The change was significant in P and PE compared to NP.Vitamin C contents declined from 13畅942 ±2.86 mg/L(NP) to 9.794 ±2.57 mg/L(P) and 7.618 ±2.17 mg/L (PE). The decrease was again significant compared with NP.Our results showed the increase of 12.36% vitamin E level during pregnancy,contradictory to those reported earlier.Conclusions We conclude that there is an imbalance between lipoperoxidation and antioxidant vitamins levels during pregnancy and more in severe preeclampsia.The negative correlations between elevated MDA content and decreased vitamins levels show the enhanced lipoperoxidation consuming more of antioxidant vitamins just to maintain redox balance . Further stud唱 ies are needed to explore strategies so that the normal levels of antioxidant vitamins are maintained to combat pre 唱 eclampsia in women at high risk.
Anger and anxiety in masculine stereotypic and male dominated (MSMD) negotiating contexts: affect and the study of gender in negotiation

In this chapter, we explore ways in which affective experience and expression might moderate effects of gender on negotiation, particularly in masculine-stereotypic and maledominated (MSMD) contexts. We argue that, in MSMD contexts (as compared to more genderequitable situations), men are likely to have a more chronic experience of power than women and that such gender differences in actual, perceived, and felt power are likely to reinforce gender stereotypes favoring men in negotiation. We articulate a set of propositions about the potential effects of anger and anxiety—two power-linked affective states—on gender in negotiations in MSMD contexts. We consider implications for negotiators’ social and economic outcomes. In conclusion, we suggest practical considerations for managers in MSMD work environments.
Takt Performance Indicators

There is a general perception among researchers that the practice of takt varies within projects. Takt planning relies on collaboration between the production team members, who transform a production strategy into a production schedule. One of the goals of the method is to create flow, and hereby allow construction processes to be efficiently executed. Workflow within construction has been measured with different methods: observation, self-evaluation and Last PlannerTM System (LPS). To achieve workflow, challenges must be removed. Hence, the novel contribution of this paper is to highlight (1) general challenges expected during the takt plan-execution and (2) takt performance indicators that reveal these challenges. After a longitudinal case study, this paper presents 16 challenges and 7 indicators which together give a foundation for further research of workflow within other Takt Planning and Takt Control-projects.
Guidelines for cold‐regions groundwater numerical modeling

The impacts of ongoing climate warming on cold‐regions hydrogeology and groundwater resources have created a need to develop groundwater models adapted to these environments. Although permafrost is considered relatively impermeable to groundwater flow, permafrost thaw may result in potential increases in surface water infiltration, groundwater recharge, and hydrogeologic connectivity that can impact northern water resources. To account for these feedbacks, groundwater models that include the dynamic effects of freezing and thawing on ground properties and thermal regimes have been recently developed. However, these models are more complex than traditional hydrogeology numerical models due to the inclusion of nonlinear freeze–thaw processes and complex thermal boundary conditions. As such, their use to date has been limited to a small community of modeling experts. This article aims to provide guidelines and tips on cold‐regions groundwater modeling for those with previous modeling experience.
Ocean/atmosphere interaction and Malthusian catastrophes on the northern fringe of the Asian summer monsoon region in China, 1368–1911

How and to what extent are human societies affected by climate change? There has been a growing body of research using big historical data and statistical analyses to provide scientific answers to this inter‐disciplinary research question. However, quantitative analysis measuring the historical demographic impact of ocean/atmosphere interaction is still scanty. Here we use 544 years (1368–1911) of historical records to trace the demographic impact brought about by ocean/atmosphere interaction in Shaanxi, located on the northern fringe of the Asian summer monsoon region in China. Our results show that: (1) North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) caused Malthusian catastrophes mainly through drought at the inter‐annual scale; (2) drought reinforced the synchrony of various Malthusian catastrophes at the inter‐annual to multi‐decadal scale; and (3) the unusual cycles of NAO drove drought and various Malthusian catastrophes in the cold 1550–1730 period at the multi‐decadal scale. This study represents a pioneering attempt to quantitatively assess the demographic impact caused by the ocean/atmosphere in historical China. Our findings may help to conceptualise the climate–human nexus in those ecologically marginal regions that are impacted by ocean/atmosphere interaction, and to explain the synchrony of social crisis in Eurasia in the 17th century.
A Division of the Capitalist Class and the Market for Money Capital

In an one-commodity economy populated by capitalists equipped with equal endowment but with heterogeneous linear production technology, a division of the capitalist class emerges endogenously. The capitalists with relatively weak technology, yielding the profit rate lower than the interest rate, become a money capitalist (lender), whereas the capitalists with relatively strong technology, yielding the profit rate greater than the interest rate, become an industrial capitalist (borrower). The equilibrium interest rate is derived by the associated demand and supply relation. From this setup of the model follow two essential relationships Marx establishes between the average profit rate and the interest rate: (i) that the profit (rate) sets a maximum limit of interest (rate), and (ii) that the two rates are correlated in the long-run. Lastly, the profit rate of financial sector is less than that of industrial sector due to the basic setup of the model where the industrial sector uses leverage to amplify the underlying capital profit rate, whereas the financial sector lacks inter-mediation technology, which would have enabled it to borrow profitably.
The reasons and the policy instruments behind cabotage policies

ABSTRACT Research performed on maritime cabotage in a worldwide context shows that 1) few countries have adopted either pure protectionist or liberalised cabotage policies while 2) most countries have favoured protectionist cabotage policies with different degrees of freedom. The same research also identified 1) a set of reasons influencing policymakers when choosing one policy in detriment of the other and 2) the corresponding policy instruments. This paper extends the research previously carried out; through an email survey questionnaire sent to researchers worldwide, it investigates, which of the listed reasons and policy instruments contribute to implementing either liberalised or protectionist cabotage policies. The outcome indicates that more than half of the respondents favour cabotage liberalisation, as opposed to the current status quo and reveals that the initial list of protectionist and liberalised reasons and policy instruments must be aggregated differently. No outstanding reasons or policy instruments, leading countries to adopt either protectionist or liberalised cabotage policies, have been identified.
A Study on Quality of Life and Cognitive Impairment in Hepatitis C Positive Patients Receiving Interferon Therapy

Original Research Article Background: An association between hepatitis C virus infection and neuropsychiatric symptoms has been proposed for some years. These symptoms include affective & behavioral components that are sometimes not easily distinguished from each other. Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has a profound effect on health-related quality of lifewith fatigue, depression and neurocognitive deficits among the most common complaints. Aim: To study of Quality of life and cognitive impairment in Hepatitis C positive patients receiving Interferon Therapy. Material and methods: The clinical study was conducted on 60 patients with chronic Hepatitis C infection. The patients were drawn from Gastroenterology Deptt. (OPD & indoor) and patients referred to Psychiatry Department for assessment. There were divided into two groups (A & B). Group A included cases who were hepatitis C +ve and were on Interferon therapy Group B included controls who were Hepatitis C +ve and not on Interferon therapy. Cognitive assessment and QOL was assessed by using socio demographic profile, cognitive functioning scale and quality of life questionnaire. Results: In hepatitis C patients on PegIFN therapy (Group A) , cognitive functioning was highly significantly impaired from baseline to 12 weeks as compared to patients not on Peg -IFN therapy (Group B) (P =0.001). Also , in Group A , there was highly significant worsening in physical as well as psychological component of QOL questionnaire from baseline to 12 weeks as compared to Group B ( P = 0.000). Conclusions: There is a significant impairment in cognitive functions and quality of life in Hepatitis C patients on Peg-interferon therapy.
Skin Mucus Fatty Acid Composition of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus Aurata): A Descriptive Study in Fish Fed Low and High Fish Meal Diets

Terrestrial protein and lipid sources are commonly used as substitutes for marine fishery-derived raw ingredients in fish diets. However, their use is related with several side-effects on marine fish performance, health, or disease resistance. Physical barriers of the skin, gills, and gut constitute the primary defense mechanism of fish. Skin mucus mucosal mucins, water, proteins, ions, and lipids determine the physical, chemical, and protective characteristics of skin mucus. Very little is known about the influence of diet composition on fish skin mucus fatty acid profile. Gilthead sea bream skin mucus contained 10% of total lipids (TL), which consisted of 50–60% neutral (NL) and 40–50% polar lipids (PL) fractions. Σn−3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) deposition was preferential in the NL fraction, whereas Σn−6LC-PUFA accumulation was similar in both lipid classes. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n−3) was the main LC-PUFA stored in skin mucus (14% TL) in relation to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n−3) (2–3% TL) and arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n−6) (2% TL). This study denotes the importance of DHA as component of skin mucus lipids compared to other essential fatty acids, such as EPA and ARA, as well as importance of maintaining an adequate Σn−3/ Σn−6 ratio, regardless of dietary intake.
Segregation of Particles of Variable Size and Density in Falling Suspension Droplets

The problem of the falling under gravity suspension droplet was examined for cases where the droplet contains particles with different densities and different sizes. Cases examined include droplets composed of uniform-size particles with two different densities, of uniform-density particles of two different sizes, and of a distribution of particles of different densities. The study was conducted using both simulations based on Oseenlet particle interactions and laboratory experiments. It is observed that when the particles in the suspension droplet have different sizes and densities, an interesting segregation phenomenon occurs in which lighter/smaller particles are transported downward with the droplet and preferentially leave the droplet by entering into the droplet tail, whereas heavier/larger particles remain for longer periods of time in the droplet. When computations are performed with two particle densities or two particle sizes, a point is eventually reached where all of the lighter/smaller particles have been ejected from the droplet, and the droplet continues to fall with only the heavier/larger particles. A simple model explaining three stages of this segregation process is presented.
Pathological description of naturally occurring Mycoplasma bovis associated pneumonia in bovine calves

Mycoplasma bovis is an important etiologic agent of bovine respiratory infection and predominantly causing chronic pneumonic lesion. The present study encompassed standardized pathological, immunohistological and molecular technique for diagnosing natural bovine pneumonic cases with Mycoplasma bovis associated lesions. During the study, examination of 87 carcasses putatively died of pneumonia where Mycoplasma bovis was ascertained in two bovine female calves by immunohistological staining and Polymerase chain reaction. The specific pathological lesions were noted as chronic bronchopneumonia with mild to moderate caseonecrotic lesion and suppurative bronchopneumonia typical of Pasteurella infection. The other bacterial organism associated with these cases was found to be of Pasteurella multocida detected on isolation. No viral etiological association was detected in immunohistological examination in respect of bovine parainfluenza type 3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. The result also revealed that M bovis infection may develop into a severe necrosuppurative bronchopneumonia when associated with high numbers of intralesional organism and into mild catarrhal bronchointerstitial pneumonia when associated with low numbers of organism.
Quasi‐static analysis of elastic behavior for some systems having higher fracture densities

Elastic behavior of geomechanical systems with interacting (but not intersecting) fractures is treated using generalizations of the Backus and the Schoenberg–Muir methods for analyzing layered systems whose layers are intrinsically anisotropic due to locally aligned fractures. By permitting the axis of symmetry of the locally anisotropic compliance matrix for individual layers to differ from that of the layering direction, we derive analytical formulas for interacting fractured regions with arbitrary orientations to each other. This procedure provides a systematic tool for studying how contiguous, but not yet intersecting, fractured domains interact, and provides a direct (though approximate) means of predicting when and how such interactions lead to more dramatic weakening effects and ultimately to failure of these complicated systems. The method permits decomposition of the system elastic behavior into specific eigenmodes that can all be analyzed, and provides a better understanding about which of these specific modes are expected to be most important to the evolving failure process. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of external arms restrictions on democracy and conflict in developing countries

This paper examines how negative shocks to arms imports due to external arms embargoes affect the military expenditure, quality of democracy and internal and external conflicts in a sample of 48 mainly developing countries for the period of 1990–2017. An important innovation is that we include both political and conflict factors in a Panel Vector Autoregressive (PVAR) model of arms sanctions. The results show that the responses of political system and different indices of democracy including electoral, liberal, participatory, deliberative, and egalitarian democracy to decreases in arms imports (as a percentage of GDP) are positive and statistically significant, and that of military expenditures (as a percentage of GDP) is negative and significant. Furthermore, our findings show that while arms restrictions do not significantly impact on religious tensions and external conflicts, they may intensify ethnic tensions and internal conflicts in developing countries. Overall the results indicate that arms embargo weakens the military sector by creating the negative impact on military expenditure and the size of armed forces and destabilizes the government. Although this improves democratic characteristics in developing countries, it may lead to higher ethnic tensions and internal conflict. In contrast to military expenditures, the responses of education expenditures, health expenditures and GDP per capita to negative shocks in arms imports are positive. The overall results are robust to different definitions of arms shocks, and different indicators of political institutions (V-DEM democracy indices and polity2), as well as differing orderings of variables in the panel VAR system.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) at Its Southern Lineage in Europe. Implications for Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources

In the present paper we studied the genetic diversity and genetic structure of five Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) natural populations situated in Serbia, belonging to the southern lineage of the species at the southern margin of the species distribution range. Four populations occur as disjunct populations on the outskirts of the Dinaric Alps mountain chain, whereas one is located at the edge of Balkan Mountain range and, therefore, can be considered as ecologically marginal due to drier climatic conditions occurring in this region. Due to the negative effect of biotic and abiotic stress factors, the sustainability of these populations is endangered, making conservation of their genetic resources one of the key measures of Norway spruce persistence in Serbia under climatic changes. The insight on genetic diversity and genetic structure of the studied spruce populations can provide the information required for the initiation of programs aimed at the conservation and utilization of spruce genetic resources at the rear edge of species environmental limits. Norway spruce genetic variation and population genetic structure were estimated using eight EST-SSR markers. The results showed that mean expected heterozygosity was 0.616 and allelic richness 10.22. Genetic differentiation among populations was low (Fst = 0.007). No recent bottleneck effect or isolation by distance were detected. Bayesian clustering, obtained with STRUCTURE, grouped the populations into two genetic clusters, whereas UPGMA analysis distinguished three main groups approximately in line with the geographic area of occurrence. Based on the study results and the EUFORGEN Pan-European strategy for genetic conservation of forest trees, the establishment of additional dynamic gene conservation units must be considered in Serbia in order to protect the adaptive and neutral genetic diversity of the species.
Can Citizens Affect the Performance of Their Elected Representatives? A Principal–Agent Model of Strategic Interaction in Democratic Systems

According to standard economic theory, human beings are expected to work more and better when benefits in the form of lower costs or higher reward increase. Principal–agent theory applied to the theory of the firm relies on this relationship and states that employees should be paid according to how well they perform their tasks. In this framework, monitoring devices are introduced to control employees’ performance and determine salaries. In this paper we construct a principal–agent model to describe the relationship between citizens/voters and elected representatives in which monitoring devices are introduced to control the performance of the latter. We demonstrate that tighter controls may produce better performance but also may produce a reduction in the intrinsic motivations of elected representatives, resulting in a reduction of their work effort. These results are interpreted in the light of the motivation crowding theory.