Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular dynamics simulation of thermal transport in UO2 containing uranium, oxygen, and fission-product defects

Uranium dioxide (UO2) is the most commonly used fuel in light water nuclear reactors and thermal conductivity controls the removal of heat produced by fission, therefore, governing fuel temperature during normal and accident conditions. The use of fuel performance codes by the industry to predict operational behavior is widespread. A primary source of uncertainty in these codes is thermal conductivity, and optimized fuel utilization may be possible if existing empirical models were replaced with models that incorporate explicit thermal conductivity degradation mechanisms during fuel burn-up. This approach is able to represent the degradation of thermal conductivity due to each individual defect type, rather than the overall burn-up measure typically used which is not an accurate representation of the chemical or microstructure state of the fuel that actually governs thermal conductivity and other properties. To generate a mechanistic thermal conductivity model, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of UO2 thermal conductivity including representative intrinsic defects and fission products are carried out. These calculations employ a standard Buckingham type interatomic potential and a potential that combines the many-body embedded atom potential with Morse-Buckingham pair potentials. Potential parameters for UO2+x and ZrO2 are developed for the latter potential. Physical insights from the resonant phonon-spin scattering mechanism due to spins on the magnetic uranium ions have been introduced into the treatment of the MD results, with the corresponding relaxation time derived from existing experimental data. High defect scattering is predicted for Xe atoms compared to that of La and Zr ions. Intrinsic uranium defects reduce the thermal conductivity more than oxygen defects. For each defect and fission product, scattering parameters are derived for application in both a Callaway model and the corresponding high-temperature model typically used in fuel performance codes. The model is validated by comparison to low-temperature experimental measurements on single crystal hyper-stoichiometric UO2+x samples and high-temperature literature data. Ultimately, this work will enable more accurate fuel performance simulations as well as extension to new fuel types and operating conditions, all of which improve the fuel economics of nuclear energy and maintain high fuel reliability and safety.
CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN MULTICUT OATS

Twenty seven genotypes were studied under multicut system of fodder production. Interrelationship among various characters indicated that green fodder yield had high positive and significant correlation with plant height, culm girth, leaf length-width ratio and dry matter yield at first cut while in second cut culm girth and dry matter yield were found to be positively and significantly correlated with green fodder yield. Path analysis revealed that plant height, tillers/metre and leaves/tiller had positive direct effect on green fodder as well as dry matter yield in the first cut while in second cut only plant height had strong direct effect on green fodder as well as dry matter yield,
Agricultural Technology Transfer Methods and Adaptability of Rural Farmers in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State

The study investigated that agricultural technology transfer methods and adaptability of rural farmers in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State. The sample size used for the study was 120 rural farmers. Cluster random sampling was used to select ten (10) rural women farmers from 12communities of Ikwerre Local Government Area. Two instruments for data collection were used in the study. One was “Agricultural technology transfer methods questionnaire”. The second research instrument was “Farmers Adaptability to Agricultural Technology Questionnaire”. The study found that farmer-to-farmer method and household method of transferring agricultural technologies have strongest and significant relationship with farmers’ adaptability to new technological innovations than other methods. It was recommended that government should provide adequate fund for extension workers basically for encouraging household, farmer-to-farmer method in transferring agricultural innovation.
Color gradients of the galaxies at 0.5 < z < 1 II. Clustering properties

We investigate the dependence of clustering on luminosity, stellar mass and color gradient for galaxies at 0.5 < z < 1, using a sample of ∼6300 galaxies from the final data release of the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS-PDR2). We estimate both the auto-correlation function for galaxy samples selected by B-band absolute magnitude and stellar mass, and the cross-correlation function of galaxy samples selected by color gradient with respect to the full galaxy sample. The auto-correlation function amplitudes at fixed scale are found to positively correlate with both galaxy luminosity and stellar mass, and the effect holds for all the scales probed (0.2 h−1 Mpc < rp < 20 h−1 Mpc), in good agreement with previous measurements based on an earlier data release of VIPERS. When the stellar mass is limited to a narrow range, we find the clustering power to be essentially independent of galaxy color gradient, and this conclusion is true for all the masses and all the scales considered here. In a parallel paper, we find that the half-light radius is the only galaxy property other than stellar mass that is related to color gradient. Considering the previous finding that clustering depends weakly on galaxy structure at given mass, the non-dependence of clustering on color gradient found here reinforces our conclusion that the color gradient and structural parameters of a galaxy are intrinsically related to each other.
Gamma ray signatures from Galactic neutralino annihilation

Direct observations of cosmic photon spectra from neutralino annihilation at energies above EGRET data might reveal the presence of weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter in the Universe. Calculations of the rates for the continuum γ channel and γ-ray line are reviewed. Both the continuum γ-ray spectrum and the γ-ray line arising from neutralino annihilation are studied. Flux estimates are inherently model-dependent; they suffer from uncertainties due to the large allowed ranges in supersymmetrical parameter-space and from a variety of astrophysical models of the dark matter halo profiles. Our analysis allows detection predictions for orbital and ground-based experiments. As an application, we investigate the number of signal events expected to be detected in an orbital experiment (AMS-02) and we make a comparison with atmospheric Cerenkov telescopes.
The Impact of Social Media on Political Efficacy and Real-Life Netizens Political Participation (Lebanon- Case Study)

Purpose: The objective of this study was to explore netizens' external and internal political efficacy as being exposed to political branding on social media and to show how political branding would level up the citizens’ political awareness and boost their participation in voting in the parliamentary election. Lebanon was taken as a case study. Theoretical framework: Recent literature has reported the impact of social media political branding on youth participation in voting while other studies have been done separately about the impact of social media political branding on citizens’ political efficacy particularly in developed countries. (Binder et al., 2021; Hassan & Ridzuan, 2021; Moorman et al., 2019; Slipetska, 2021; Lau et al., 2021) However, there is still much to investigate about netizens’ political efficacy and participation in a developing country like Lebanon. Methodology: The study used the deductive approach and was based on using of primary statistical data for testing the hypotheses which have been analyzed by SPSS v22. The population, 491participants, from whom the data was obtained randomly were Lebanese people of age groups over 21 in various provinces. Findings: Overall, the data reflects a positive correlation of social media impact on voters' political participation, and it implies that the political influence of social media platforms on the self-external and internal efficacy is strong. Research, Practical & Social Implications: On the Lebanese level, and as the election has been done, it is recommended to measure the youth participation in voting. Also, this study is very beneficial to be used by the governments themselves for fostering the political efficacy of the nations, especially in developing countries. Originality: This study analyses the role social media does in encouraging citizens’ political efficacy and political participation in voting especially after the offensive revolution Lebanese have done pre- election comparing with many previous parliamentary elections in which participation was so shy and didn’t exceed 49.70 %. (Ministry of Interior and Municipalities, 2018)
The Matrix Equation XA- AX=Xαg(X) over Fields or Rings

A, B ∈ M n (K) satisfy [A, B] = f(A), thenA, B are simultaneously triangularizable. Let R be a reduced ring such that n! is not a zero divisor and let A be a generic matrix over R; we show that X = 0 is the sole solution of AX − XA = X. Let R be a commutative ring with unity; let A be similar to diag(λ 1 I n1 , . . . , λ r I nr ) such that, for every i = j, λ i − λ j is not a zero divisor. If X is a nilpotent solution ofXA − AX = Xαg(X) where g ∈ R[X], then AX = XA.
Indicators of Women's Empowerment in El-

Background: Women's empowerment refers to their ability to make wise life decisions in situations when they have previously been unable to do so. It entails taking steps to improve women's status through education, training, and increased awareness. Aim of study: to assess the prevalence of women's empowerment in EL-Beheira Governorate. Design: A cross sectional descriptive design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in 4 out of 16 directorates in El-Beheira governorate, namely; Shobrakhet, Damanhour, Elrahmania and HoshEisa. Subjects: a convenient sample of 807 women were selected from Maternal and Child Health centers (MCH) as clients, doctors, nurses, administrative work and workers in the previously mentioned settings. Tool for data collection: A structured interview questionnaire, which included two parts; part I was used to assess socio-demographic characteristic of the studied women. Part Π was used to assess women empowerment indicators. Results: most of the studied women had fair empowerment. The highest mean percent of empowerment indicators was related to psychological indicators followed by political indicators and social indicators. While, the lowest mean percent score was related to health indicators and economic indicators. Conclusion: the study concluded that the most prominent problems facing women lies in economic empowerment and health empowerment. Recommendations: Bring health services closer to where women live through a variety of initiatives like community outreach programs and community-based initiatives, and expand the participation of women in economic facets of the workplace through the implementation of training workshops, raising their representation in specialized committees, local and global entities, and councils.
Iron as a source of efficient Shockley-Read-Hall recombination in GaN

Transition metal impurities are known to adversely affect the efficiency of electronic and optoelectronic devices by introducing midgap defect levels that can act as efficient Shockley-Read-Hall centers. Iron impurities in GaN do not follow this pattern: their defect level is close to the conduction band and hence far from midgap. Using hybrid functional first-principles calculations, we uncover the electronic properties of Fe and we demonstrate that its high efficiency as a nonradiative center is due to a recombination cycle involving excited states. Unintentional incorporation of iron impurities at modest concentrations (1015 cm–3) leads to nanosecond nonradiative recombination lifetimes, which can be detrimental for the efficiency of electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Kinetics of domain redistribution in SrTiO3 under pulsed electric fields

ABSTRACT SrTiO3 is a well-studied perovskite system which undergoes an antiferrodistortive phase transition at 105 K. The low-temperature tetragonal phase exhibits different domains corresponding to the orientation of the symmetry axis. The domain structure can be changed drastically by applying electric fields. Using time-resolved neutron diffraction, the kinetics of the domain redistribution has been investigated on a time scale between microseconds and seconds. It is shown that there are at least two different types of relaxation processes on different time scales which govern the transformation. These can be related to the motion of hard and easy domain walls. Moreover, it is demonstrated that at low temperatures the field induced transition into the ferroelectric phase reveals a significant hysteresis which is reflected by the distribution of tetragonal domains. This finding supports the view of the zero field so-called quantum-paraelectric or coherent-paraelectric phase consisting of polar clusters which are removed only by heating above 40 K.
Pathogenesis-related protein 10 in resistance to biotic stress: progress in elucidating functions, regulation and modes of action

Introduction The Family of pathogenesis-related proteins 10 (PR-10) is widely distributed in the plant kingdom. PR-10 are multifunctional proteins, constitutively expressed in all plant tissues, playing a role in growth and development or being induced in stress situations. Several studies have investigated the preponderant role of PR-10 in plant defense against biotic stresses; however, little is known about the mechanisms of action of these proteins. This is the first systematic review conducted to gather information on the subject and to reveal the possible mechanisms of action that PR-10 perform. Methods Therefore, three databases were used for the article search: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. To avoid bias, a protocol with inclusion and exclusion criteria was prepared. In total, 216 articles related to the proposed objective of this study were selected. Results The participation of PR-10 was revealed in the plant’s defense against several stressor agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes and insects, and studies involving fungi and bacteria were predominant in the selected articles. Studies with combined techniques showed a compilation of relevant information about PR-10 in biotic stress that collaborate with the understanding of the mechanisms of action of these molecules. The up-regulation of PR-10 was predominant under different conditions of biotic stress, in addition to being more expressive in resistant varieties both at the transcriptional and translational level. Discussion Biological models that have been proposed reveal an intrinsic network of molecular interactions involving the modes of action of PR-10. These include hormonal pathways, transcription factors, physical interactions with effector proteins or pattern recognition receptors and other molecules involved with the plant’s defense system. Conclusion The molecular networks involving PR-10 reveal how the plant’s defense response is mediated, either to trigger susceptibility or, based on data systematized in this review, more frequently, to have plant resistance to the disease.
The Development of Environmentally Sustainable Poly(vinyl chloride) Composite from Waste Non-Metallic Printed Circuit Board with Interfacial Agents

The recycling of non-metallic printed circuit boards (NMPCB) as a filler in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) composite would help to encourage the use of waste NMPCB, thus, reducing some environmental concerns with regard to e-waste. The objective of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effect of different interfacial agents, namely polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) and ϒ-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (ATPS) on the morphology and properties of PVC/NMPCB composites. A PVC/NMPCB composite was prepared by melt compounding with varying amounts of NMPCB ranging between 10, 20 and 30 wt. %. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy–attenuated total reflectance (FTIR–ATR) analysis revealed the interactions between PVC and NMPCB when using both PP-g-MAH and ATPS interfacial agent. The properties and morphology of PVC/NMPCB composites were significantly dependent on the interfacial agent treated on the NMPCB surface. The phase morphology and mechanical properties of PVC/NMPCB composites (30 wt.% of NMPCB) were improved and the result also indicated that the higher compatibility of composites with ATPS as an interfacial agent led to our obtaining the maximum Young’s modulus of 484 MPa. The dynamic mechanical analysis revealed the interaction at the interface, with the Tg shifting to a lower temperature in the presence of PP-g-MAH and strong interfacial adhesion noted with the improved Tg in the presence of the ATPS interfacial agent. Further evidence of the improved interaction was observed with the increment in density in the presence of ATPS when compared with PP-g-MAH in PVC/NMPCB composite. Hence, of the two interfacial agents, ATPS showed itself to be more effective when employed as an interfacial agent for NMPCB in PVC composite for industry.
Quality of Life from Return to Work and Sport Activities to Sexual Dysfunction after Surgical Treatment of Pelvic Ring Fractures

Background: Pelvic ring fractures are life-threatening injuries that have a severe impact on patients’ lives. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the outcome of surgical treatment in terms of Quality of Life (QoL), return to work, functional results and sport activities, and post-operative sexual dysfunction. Methods: A retrospective study with patients retrieved from a Level 1 Trauma Center was performed. Minimum patient follow-up was 12 months: QoL was evaluated with the SF-12 (Short Form Survey) questionnaire, return to work with the Workplace Activity Limitation Survey (WALS), functional outcomes and sport activities with the Harris Hip Score and Tegner activity score, respectively, and sexual function damage with a 0–10 NRS. Results: Seventy-six patients (41 males and 35 females) were enrolled, with a mean age at surgery of 56.4 years (18–89 years). Overall, their quality of life remained significantly affected, with male patients reporting worse WALS outcomes (p = 0.036), sexual damage (p = 0.001), and SF-12 Bodily Pain (p = 0.046) than females. In particular, 70.7% of men and 45.7% of women reported sexual limitations, and only 53.7% returned to their job, with 35.2% losing their job as a consequence of the pelvic ring disruption. Conclusions: An important deterioration in general health state, return to work, and sexual function was documented in patients treated surgically for pelvic trauma, especially in male patients. There are disabling secondary sequels at all levels beyond the mere functional scores, and both patients and clinicians should be aware and have the correct expectations.
Spectral method for time dependent Navier-Stokes equations

The paper is focused on the numerical investigation of the Navier-Stokes equation applying a spectral method. A MATLAB code is developed and used for simulation. The incompressible two-dimensional flow in a square container called lid-driven cavity is tested as a benchmark problem. The streamlines, the horizontal and vertical velocity components at different Reynolds numbers are presented. There is significant agreement with the numerical results and those published in the literature. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 34B10; 34B15
Sharing videos on whatsapp

The research sought to verify how different types of videos influence WhatsApp users. The study, descriptive and quantitative, had a sample (n = 208) non-probabilistic and by accessibility. Data were collected by online questionnaires. Structural Equation Modeling and ANOVA were used. The results show that the preference for video content and entertainment causes behavioral changes. Furthermore, video content influences sharing intention and attitude towards the ad. The article presents unprecedented empirical evidence between WhatsApp and the Theory of Uses and Gratification (U&G).
Difference of composition operators from the space of Cauchy integral transforms to Bloch-type spaces

ABSTRACT In this paper, we characterize boundedness and compactness of difference of composition operators from the space of Cauchy integral transforms to Bloch-type spaces. Our characterizations are free from pseudo-hyperbolic metric, which is a common feature of all the characterizations of difference of composition operators acting between different spaces of holomorphic functions. Exact value of operator norm of difference of composition operators acting between these spaces is also computed.
On Tidal Inference in the Diurnal Band

AbstractStandard methods of tidal inference should be revised to account for a known resonance that occurs mostly within the K1 tidal group in the diurnal band. The resonance arises from a free rotational mode of Earth caused by the fluid core. In a set of 110 bottom-pressure tide stations, the amplitude of the P1 tidal constituent is shown to be suppressed relative to K1, which is in good agreement with the resonance theory. Standard formulas for the K1 nodal modulation remain essentially unaffected. Two examples are given of applications of the refined inference methodology: one with monthly tide gauge data and one with satellite altimetry. For some altimeter-constrained tide models, an inferred P1 constituent is found to be more accurate than a directly determined one.
Assimilation of thermospheric measurements for ionosphere‐thermosphere state estimation

We develop a method that uses data assimilation to estimate ionospheric‐thermospheric (IT) states during midlatitude nighttime storm conditions. The algorithm Estimating Model Parameters from Ionospheric Reverse Engineering (EMPIRE) uses time‐varying electron densities in the F region, derived primarily from total electron content data, to estimate two drivers of the IT: neutral winds and electric potential. A Kalman filter is used to update background models based on ingested plasma densities and neutral wind measurements. This is the first time a Kalman filtering technique is used with the EMPIRE algorithm and the first time neutral wind measurements from 630.0 nm Fabry‐Perot interferometers (FPIs) are ingested to improve estimates of storm time ion drifts and neutral winds. The effects of assimilating remotely sensed neutral winds from FPI observations are studied by comparing results of ingesting: electron densities (N) only, N plus half the measurements from a single FPI, and then N plus all of the FPI data. While estimates of ion drifts and neutral winds based on N give estimates similar to the background models, this study's results show that ingestion of the FPI data can significantly change neutral wind and ion drift estimation away from background models. In particular, once neutral winds are ingested, estimated neutral winds agree more with validation wind data, and estimated ion drifts in the magnetic field‐parallel direction are more sensitive to ingestion than the field‐perpendicular zonal and meridional directions. Also, data assimilation with FPI measurements helps provide insight into the effects of contamination on 630.0 nm emissions experienced during geomagnetic storms.