Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental and CFD study on the optimization of valve lintel’s structural parameters under critical self-aerated conditions

Self-aerated technology of valve lintel (SATVL) is widely used in high head navigation lock water delivery system to address the cavitation problem. To optimize the structural parameters of valve intel including the height of the throat ( ) and divergent part enhance ( ), the length of the throat part ( ) and the divergent part ( ), and the diffusion angle ( ) for better self-aerated performance, the dimensionless structural parameters and beta were chosen as the variables. The conception of critical self-aerated conditions was proposed via theoretical analysis and experimental verification for the first time, and the slope m of critical self-aerated conditions was taken as the response to assess self-aerated performance. The method of combing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD) was introduced to systematically investigate the effects of the structural parameters on the self-aerated performance. A 1: 1 full-scale slicing physical model and CFD simulations were designed to capture the critical self-aerated conditions. Finally, though multiple regression analysis, a quadratic polynomial equation between m and structural parameters was obtained. It was found that: (i) the results of theoretical analysis and physical model verification confirmed the hypothesis of critical self-aerated conditions. (ii) with the aid of ANOVA, the sensitivity of structural parameters which influenced critical self-aerated conditions is . (iii) the optimal structural parameters are and . The result indicate that the substantial improvement of self-aerated performance can be achieve by using those optimal structural parameters.
Knowledge Transfer and Use as Predictors of Law Firm Performance: Nigerian Lawyer's Perspectives

There has been observed low practice of conscious knowledge management among Nigerian law firms and there is no evidence on how knowledge transfer and use predict their performance. Hence, this study examined knowledge transfer and use as predictors of Nigerian law firm performance. The study adopts descriptive survey research design and web-based questionnaire as instrument for data collection. There was total response of 205 from the survey. It was found that Nigerian lawyers transfer knowledge through platforms such as meetings, training, workshops/seminars and collaboration. Results show that Nigerian lawyers use knowledge to improve innovative thinking, enhance performance, maximize financial performance and improve client’s satisfaction. Results show that there is statistically significant relationship between knowledge transfer and law firm’s performance. Results show that knowledge transfer and use will significantly predict law firm’s performance. This study provides fresh insights that knowledge transfer and use are veritable mechanisms to improve law firms’ performance.
PFAS Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Traits in Highly Exposed Children and Adolescents

Background: Residents of a large area of north-eastern Italy were exposed for decades to high concentrations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) via drinking water. Despite the large amount of evidence in adults of a positive association between serum PFAS and metabolic outcomes, studies focusing on children and adolescents are limited. We evaluated the associations between serum PFAS concentrations that were quantifiable in at least 40% of samples and lipid profile, blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI) in highly exposed adolescents and children. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 6669 adolescents (14–19 years) and 2693 children (8–11 years) enrolled in the health surveillance program of the Veneto Region. Non-fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated. Systolic and diastolic BP were measured, and BMI z-score accounting for age and sex was estimated. The associations between ln-transformed PFAS (and categorized into quartiles) and continuous outcomes were assessed using generalized additive models. The weighted quantile sum regression approach was used to assess PFAS-mixture effects for each outcome. Analyses were stratified by gender and adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Among adolescents, significant associations were detected between all investigated PFAS and TC, LDL-C, and to a lesser extent HDL-C. Among children, PFOS and PFNA had significant associations with TC, LDL-C and HDL-C, while PFOA and PFHxS had significant associations with HDL-C only. Higher serum concentrations of PFAS, particularly PFOS, were associated with lower BMI z-score. No statistically significant associations were observed between PFAS concentrations and BP. These results were confirmed by the multi-pollutant analysis. Conclusions: Our study supports a consistent association between PFAS concentration and serum lipids, stronger for PFOS and PFNA and with a greater magnitude among children compared to adolescents, and a negative association of PFAS with BMI.
Phenolic Analysis and In Vitro Biological Activity of Red Wine, Pomace and Grape Seeds Oil Derived from Vitis vinifera L. cv. Montepulciano d’Abruzzo

Grape pomace is commonly considered a waste product of monovarietal red wine production. Methods: HPLC-DAD analysis was performed to determine the polyphenol and flavonoid contents of all the extracts obtained from Montepulciano d’Abruzzo red wine and grape skins whereas, GC-MS was applied to the determination of fatty acid composition in grape seeds oil. Biological characterization involves antioxidant and antimicrobial assays for all the extracts and seeds oil; Their ability to inhibit α-glucosidase, α-amylase, α-tyrosinase, and ChE enzymes was also detected, together with anti-inflammatory activity on wine, grape skin extracts, and seeds oil by lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and LPS-stimulated macrophage release assays. Data indicate significative polyphenols content (199.31 ± 7.21 mgGAE/g), antioxidant (CUPRAC assay (1036.98 mgTE/g)), enzymatic inhibition (α-tyrosinase: 151.30 ± 1.20 mgKAE/g) and anti-inflammatory activities for wine-organic extract 2, while the antimicrobial activity of grape skin decoction is higher than those reported by wine extracts on three bacterial strains. Interestingly only dealcoholized wine and wine-aqueous extract exerts inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase (20.62 ± 0.23 mmolACAE/g and 19.81 ± 0.03 mmolACAE/g, respectively), while seeds oil is rich in oleic and linoleic acids. These results confirm the strong antioxidant properties of Montepulciano d’Abruzzo grape pomace, suggesting the potential use of this waste product as functional food supplements in the human diet and in cosmeceutics.
Professor Duncan Dowson, a source of inspiration

The current paper highlights the contribution of the Dowson and Higginson work to numerical line contact elastohydrodynamic lubrication film thickness prediction and the Hamrock and Dowson contribution to the film thickness prediction in elliptical contacts. This paper shows that, even by today’s standards, both the numerical pressure and film thickness results and the curve-fitted film thickness predictions are very accurate. As for the elliptical results, the authors show that the original predictions remain surprisingly accurate for moderately elliptical contact. For very long elliptical contacts, their prediction does not tend to a line contact asymptote. This paper then concludes that the predicted pressure spikes by Dowson, Higginson, and Hamrock are correct in shape and amplitude, at least near pure rolling conditions.
Association of mindfulness with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Western and Eastern meditators

Objective: This study investigated if meditators living in India (Eastern Meditators: EMs) differed from those living in Western countries (WMs) in self-reported levels of mindfulness, depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction and the association between these variables. Method: The 229 participants (18–81 years, M = 34.7 years, SD = 13.3; 52% EMs) completed scales measuring depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, and mindfulness and its components. Results: WMs indicated significantly higher levels of acceptance and non-judging than EMs, but similar levels of mindful attention. For EMs, mindful attention was negatively associated with acceptance and non-judging, while for WMs these variables were not associated. WMs reported lower levels of depression, anxiety and stress than EMs but the groups did not differ in levels of life satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses showed that, for both WMs and EMs, acceptance explained significant proportions of the variance in depression, anxiety, and stress. Acceptance and non-judging explained significant proportions of the variance in life satisfaction for WMs, but only mindful attention did so for EMs. Conclusions: Results suggest that Western and Eastern conceptualisations of mindfulness and associated meditation practices may differ in critical ways. There is a need to develop valid mindfulness scales for use in Eastern collectivist cultures. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Mindfulness meditation (MM) alleviates symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress and improves life satisfaction. (2) Acceptance and non-judging components of mindfulness are negatively correlated with anxiety and stress but are positively related to life satisfaction. (3) The above findings are mainly from studies that used Western samples, with limited cross-cultural studies conducted to replicate the findings in Eastern samples. What this topic adds: (1) This study found that mean self-reported levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were lower in the Western Meditators (WMs) than Eastern Meditators (EMs), but there was no difference in levels of life satisfaction. (2) This study found that acceptance and non-judging correlated negatively with psychological distress in EMs, supporting the findings from previous studies with Western samples. (3) Cultural and socio-economic factors may underpin these differences between WMs and EMs. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 15 December 2020 Accepted 9 October 2021
Land-Use Restrictions: Implications for House Prices, Inequality, and Mobility∗

I investigate the extent to which land-use restrictions, through their impact on house prices, act as a barrier to labor mobility. To do so, I develop a multi-region heterogeneous agents model of migration and housing, where land-use restrictions act as a friction affecting the productivity of land and the housing supply. Using the structure of the model, along with data on regional prices, output, and housing densities, I estimate a measure of implied restrictions across a panel of U.S. states. Consistent with the existing measure of restrictions, the model-implied measure suggests that restrictions are most stringent in regions with high incomes and house prices. Further, the measure shows that the states that were most restricted in the past have become even more restrictive over time. I calibrate the model to 2014 and show that the variation in regional productivities and land-use restrictions generate the income and house price gaps observed in the data. Performing a counterfactual exercise, I find that lowering the level of restrictions in California back to its level in 2000 results in a large reallocation of labor. The state’s population rises by 45%, while the income gap and house value gap between California and the rest of the U.S. falls by 3.7% and 2.7%, respectively. I also study the importance of borrowing constraints and moving costs in hindering labor mobility and find that conditional on the observed income and house price gaps, neither plays a significant role. ∗I am indebted to my advisors Virgiliu Midrigan, Diego Perez, and Raquel Fernandez, for their guidance throughout this project. I am also grateful for the comments and suggestions provided by Jaroslav Borovicka, Katarina Borovickova, Tim Cogley, Skand Goel, James Graham, Robert McDowall, Abdoulaye Ndiaye, Hargungeet Singh, Laszlo Tetenyi, Venky Venkateswaran, as well as seminar and conference participants at NYU. †New York University, Economics Department. Email: don.jayamaha@nyu.edu
Evaluation of the agrarian businesses results according to their legal form.

Th e entry into the new market environment after 1990 marked the beginning of complicated structural, econom- ic and social changes for agricultural companies that brought a measurable improvement in only few aspects of the techni- cal performance and competitiveness. New forms of enterprise were created, the number of subjects increased and their average concentration decreased. Based on the analysis, it is claimed that in the majority of selected economic indicators, there was a signifi cant diff erence in the reached parameters among the groups of the analyse subjects using land, diff erenti- ated according to their legal status. Based on the results of testing, it is possible to claim that business companies show a higher extent of economic success evaluated through the selected economic indicators. Only in one case - the indicator of the amount of subsidies per 1 ha of agricultural land - it is impossible to establish a statistically signifi cant diff erence. Th is impossibility in that particular indicator only shows even more notably the fact that business companies are able to manage better than cooperatives even with subsidies per hectare of agricultural land that have not been statistically signifi cantly dif- ferent.
Emotional intelligence and drawing inferences from nonverbal cues in sports

ABSTRACT We aimed to investigate whether emotional competencies (EC) correlate with the ability to judge or predict the score in sports competitions based on thin slices of nonverbal emotional expressions. We created a German version of the Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC; Brasseur, S., Grégoire, J., Bourdu, R., & Mikolajczak, M. (2013). The Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC): Development and validation of a measure that fits dimensions of Emotional Competence theory. PLoS ONE, 8(5), e62635) and assessed its psychometric properties. In Study 1, 379 participants completed the PEC and rated whether videotaped athletes were leading or trailing. We hypothesised that the ability to distinguish between leading and trailing athletes was predicted by participants’ interpersonal, but not intrapersonal EC. In Study 2, 310 participants completed the PEC, a test assessing individual differences in emotion recognition competence (ERI; Scherer, K. R., & Scherer, U. (2011). Assessing the ability to recognize facial and vocal expressions of emotion: Construction and validation of the emotion recognition index. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 35(4), 305–326), and predicted the performance of darts players based on their nonverbal behaviour. In Study 1, we found small correlations between intrapersonal EC and accuracy of score estimates, but no correlations between interpersonal EC and accuracy of score estimates. Contrary to study 1, in study 2, intraindividual EC correlated neither with accuracy of performance predictions nor with ERI scores, whereas interpersonal EC correlated with ERI scores. Our results suggest that further evidence for the validity of EC measures in the context of sports is needed.
PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC CORRELATION OF REPRODUCTION TRAITS IN SIMMENTAL COWS

Many of cows’ production traits are, mostly, interrelated so for those kinds of relationship are said it is a correlative relation of traits. The phenotypic correlation between two quantitative traits depict a value to which individuals upwards of the average value for one trait intend to be above, below or close to the average value for another trait. However, phenotypic correlations initiate the question what is the degree of influence of the genetic basis on observing the association between two traits and what is the influence of exogenous factors. Derived data about tested reproduction traits interrelation, at a Simmental cow farm, are very important for a simultaneous selection of cows in many traits. The average service period length of the total investigated population was 147 days, which was about 1.5 fold longer in regard to the upper value of the optimal level. That had a significant influence on duration of the first inter-birth interval which averaged 436.3 days. The average duration of pregnancy was 283.4 days and the age at the first calving 872 days. The defined genetic correlation coefficients between cows’ fertility traits, in the herd, exceed analogous phenotypic correlations in all cases. The genetic interrelation of tested fertility traits ranged from powerless to very strong (from 0.209 to 0.941). Phenotypic correlations among reproductive traits ranged from negative (–0.131) to strong (0.888), which was with high statistical significance (P < 0.01).
Knowledge and attitude towards contraceptive use among adolescents in Africa: a systematic review

A 46% rate of unintended pregnancies among adolescents in Africa is a glaring notification of the barriers to contraception. There is little documentation of the knowledge and attitude towards contraceptive use among adolescents in Africa especially from systematic review perspective, which purposed this study. An E-literature search of the studies on the topic was conducted through PubMed, and Google Scholar, considering a period between January 2015 to August 2021. The search strategy used; “knowledge and attitude towards contraceptive use among adolescents in Africa”, which was sorted by date. The search resulted in 14,468 journal articles: 14,300 from Google Scholar, and 168 from PubMed but only 27 studies qualified for inclusion. Results indicate inadequate knowledge of contraception but this varies by age, level of education, marital status and geographical distribution. The majority of adolescents are aware of emergency contraception and traditional methods such as abstinence, lactational amenorrhea, and coïtus interruptus. Even with this knowledge, a larger proportion of adolescents do not use contraception due to limited access, misinformation on side effects and the negative attitude shaped by religious and socio-cultural beliefs and attitude of health care providers to them. Adolescent boys have more knowledge of contraception than the adolescent girls do but their use of contraceptives is not well documented. The low level of knowledge and negative attitude limits the use of these services and could be addressed by a well-informed approach on sexuality literacy and contraception that involves not only adolescents but also parents, the community and health care providers.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention After Return of Spontaneous Circulation Reduces the In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiac Arrest

Background and Objective The role of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiac arrest (CA) is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of PCI on the in-hospital mortality after ROSC in patients with AMI complicated by CA. Methods The clinical data of 66 consecutive patients with ROSC after CA caused by AMI from January 2006 to December 2015 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were collected. Among these patients, 21 underwent urgent PCI. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of the patients during hospitalization. Results The patients who underwent PCI had a higher rate of ST-segment elevation, and their initial recorded heart rhythms were more likely to have a shockable rhythm. Further, they had a high PCI success rate of 100%. The in-hospital mortality in the patients who did not undergo PCI was significantly higher than that in the patients who underwent PCI (68.9% vs 9.5%, P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cardiogenic shock (odds ratio [OR], 3.537; 95% CI, 1.047–11.945; P=0.042) and Glasgow Coma Scale score of ≤8 after ROSC (OR, 14.992; 95% CI, 2.815–79.843; P=0.002) were the independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality among the patients. Meanwhile, PCI was a protective factor against in-hospital mortality (OR, 0.063; 95% CI, 0.012–0.318; P=0.001). After propensity matching analysis, the results still showed that PCI (OR, 0.226; 95% CI, 0.028–1.814; P=0.0162) was a protective factor for in-hospital death. Conclusion The patients with ROSC after CA caused by AMI who underwent PCI had a lower in-hospital mortality than those who did not undergo PCI.
Inter-state Disparities of Efficiency in Foreshortening Under-five Mortality Rate in Rural India

The present study aims to assess the efficiency of the rural health system to foreshorten the under-five (U5) mortality rates across Indian states. The study further attempts to pinpoint the factors responsible for state-level inefficiency of the rural health system performance. The empirical results reveal that among the Indian states, Kerala is the most-efficient in foreshortening the U5 mortality rate. The results convey that the states with better health indicators may not have efficient health systems. The study concludes that along with investment in the health sector, efficient management of the investment is intrinsic to better health outcomes.
Deep Learning Estimation of Daily Ground‐Level NO2 Concentrations From Remote Sensing Data

The limited number of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) surface measurements calls for the development of highly accurate approaches to estimating surface NO2 concentrations. In this study, we leverage a new satellite instrument, the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), along with other predictor variables, to estimate daily surface NO2 concentrations over Texas in 2019. We use the deep convolutional neural network (Deep‐CNN), an advanced deep learning algorithm, to obtain estimates and achieve a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.91, an index of agreement (IOA) of 0.95, and a mean absolute bias (MAB) of 1.75 ppb in surface NO2 estimation. Additionally, we leverage a novel approach, shapley additive explanations (SHAP), to describe how Deep‐CNN understands each predictor variable. The SHAP results show that the Deep‐CNN model has an advanced understanding of the data set, revealing that TROPOMI closely captures levels of NO2. In addition, we show the superiority of our Deep‐CNN model at estimating surface NO2 over other well‐known machine learning and regression models in the field, including the support vector machines (SVM), random forest (RF), and multiple linear regression (MLR). Although SVM and RF show strong capabilities at estimating surface NO2 concentrations, their accuracy is inferior to that of the Deep‐CNN model, ranking second and third in model accuracy in this study. The MLR, however, shows a poor ability at NO2 estimation and ranks last among all models. Testing the impact of sample size on model performance, we also show that, compared to other models, Deep‐CNN needs more samples to trigger its strength at surface NO2 estimation.