Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Topographic Complexity Facilitates Persistence Compared to Signals of Contraction and Expansion in the Adjacent Subdued Landscape

Topographically heterogeneous areas are likely to act as refugia for species because they facilitate survival during regional climatic stress due to availability of a range of microenvironments. The Stirling Ranges are a topographically complex area in the generally subdued and ancient landscape of south-western Australia. We investigated the influence of these landscape features on the evolutionary history of the rare woody shrub, Banksia brownii through a combined approach using phylogeographic analysis of sequence data from three chloroplast sequences, the trnV–ndhC, trnQ–rps16, and rpl32–ndhF intergenic spacer regions, and species distribution modeling. The Stirling Ranges showed high genetic diversity and differentiation among populations consistent with localized persistence and maintenance of large populations in an area that species distribution modeling identified as providing habitat stability at the Last Glacial Maximum as well as under warmer conditions. In contrast, populations in the adjacent subdued lowlands showed signals of low diversity, suggesting contraction, and subsequent expansion from localized refugia in the west. Cool summers are an important climatic variable for the species and species distribution modeling showed suitable habitat identified at the LGM suggesting expansion at this time following likely contraction during earlier warmer climatic oscillations. The isolated, coastal population at Vancouver Peninsula showed low diversity but no differentiation and it may have been established in more recent historical times, possibly through Aboriginal movement of seed. Our analysis of B. brownii highlights the complex evolutionary history of the species and the influence of topographic complexity and habitat heterogeneity in this global biodiversity hotspot.
Liver Transplantation for Unresectable Calcifying Nested Stromal Epithelial Tumor: Case Report With a 1-Year Follow-Up and Review of Literature

Introduction Calcifying nested stromal epithelial tumor (CNSET) is an extremely rare diagnosis among patients treated for primary hepatic neoplasms. There are only 45 cases reported worldwide. Histopathological characteristics are well-demarcated nests of spindle and epithelioid cells in a dense desmoplastic stroma with variable calcification and ossification. It is mostly diagnosed in children and young females. Treatment strategies implemented for the management of CNSET include radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, surgical resection, adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and liver transplantation. Given the small number of available cases, there are still no established standards of treatment for this neoplasm. Case Presentation A 28-year-old female diagnosed with CNSET presented mild abdominal pain, with normal laboratory values. The tumor was initially deemed unresectable, therefore, the patient was disqualified from liver resection. Further deterioration of the patient's clinical condition and local tumor progression led to qualification for liver transplantation. The patient underwent liver transplantation 1 year following initial diagnosis and a 12 months recurrence-free period was observed. During the course of treatment, she did not receive systemic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or loco-regional treatment. Conclusion Multiple strategies have been implemented for the treatment of CNSET, with liver resection providing the best outcomes. Transarterial chemoembolization, radiofrequency ablation, and radiotherapy are reported to be insufficient in the management of this tumor. Various chemotherapy regimens turned out to be ineffective as well. There have been only eight reported cases of patients undergoing liver transplantation for CNSET, with tumor recurrence in two cases. CNSET appears to be a neoplasm with low malignancy potential, although an aggressive progression has subsequently been reported. Further investigation is still required in this field.
Strength and Power-Related Measures in Assessing Core Muscle Performance in Sport and Rehabilitation

While force-velocity-power characteristics of resistance exercises, such as bench presses and squats, have been well documented, little attention has been paid to load, force, and power-velocity relationships in exercises engaging core muscles. Given that power produced during lifting tasks or trunk rotations plays an important role in most sport-specific and daily life activities, its measurement should represent an important part of the test battery in both athletes and the general population. The aim of this scoping review was 1) to map the literature related to testing methods assessing core muscle strength and stability in sport and rehabilitation, chiefly studies with particular focus on force-velocity-power characteristics of exercises involving the use of core muscles, 2) and to identify gaps in existing studies and suggest further research in this field. The literature search was conducted on Cochrane Library databases, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and MEDLINE, which was completed by SpringerLink, Google Scholar and Elsevier. The inclusion criteria were met in 37 articles. Results revealed that among a variety of studies investigating the core stability and core strength in sport and rehabilitation, only few of them analyzed force–velocity–power characteristics of exercises involving the use of core muscles. Most of them evaluated maximal isometric strength of the core and its endurance. However, there are some studies that assessed muscle power during lifting tasks at different loads performed either with free weights or using the Smith machine. Similarly, power and velocity were assessed during trunk rotations performed with different weights when standing or sitting. Nevertheless, there is still scant research investigating the power-velocity and force-velocity relationship during exercises engaging core muscles in able-bodied and para athletes with different demands on stability and strength of the core. Therefore, more research is needed to address this gap in the literature and aim research at assessing strength and power-related measures within cross-sectional and intervention studies. A better understanding of the power-force-velocity profiles during exercises with high demands on the core musculature has implications for designing sport training and rehabilitation programs for enhancement of athletes’ performance and/or decrease their risk of back pain.
IFN-Aging: Coupling Aging With Interferon Response

Chronic inflammation affects many diseases and conditions, including aging. Interferons are a part of the immune defense against viral infections. Paradoxically, various aging tissues and organs from mammalian hosts perpetually accumulate changes brought by interferon pathway activation. Herein, we connote the mechanisms behind this phenomenon and discuss its implications in age-related pathology.
Enhancing Emotion Recognition Using Region-Specific Electroencephalogram Data and Dynamic Functional Connectivity

Recognizing the emotional states of humans through EEG signals are of great significance to the progress of human-computer interaction. The present study aimed to perform automatic recognition of music-evoked emotions through region-specific information and dynamic functional connectivity of EEG signals and a deep learning neural network. EEG signals of 15 healthy volunteers were collected when different emotions (high-valence-arousal vs. low-valence-arousal) were induced by a musical experimental paradigm. Then a sequential backward selection algorithm combining with deep neural network called Xception was proposed to evaluate the effect of different channel combinations on emotion recognition. In addition, we also assessed whether dynamic functional network of frontal cortex, constructed through different trial number, may affect the performance of emotion cognition. Results showed that the binary classification accuracy based on all 30 channels was 70.19%, the accuracy based on all channels located in the frontal region was 71.05%, and the accuracy based on the best channel combination in the frontal region was 76.84%. In addition, we found that the classification performance increased as longer temporal functional network of frontal cortex was constructed as input features. In sum, emotions induced by different musical stimuli can be recognized by our proposed approach though region-specific EEG signals and time-varying functional network of frontal cortex. Our findings could provide a new perspective for the development of EEG-based emotional recognition systems and advance our understanding of the neural mechanism underlying emotion processing.
Pediatric Kidney Transplantation: Frameshift in Medical and Surgical Management. Does the Perioperative Setting Have an Impact on Transplant Outcome? A Single-Center Experience

Introduction Frameshift in medical management as well as in surgical thinking is putting the patient as a whole is the focus, rather than just the disease. To optimize the treatment of our pediatric transplant patients in our institution, we changed in 2013 the transplant program setting, treating, and operating all patients with pediatric transplant exclusively in a pediatric environment. The aim of this study was to analyze whether or not this change had an impact on patients safety, patient population, and patients and transplant outcome. Methods In the retrospective analysis, we compared transplant outcome of two eras. Era1 (2008–2012) solely included patients treated in the adult facilities, era 2 (2013–2017) patients were exclusively treated in the pediatric environment. Results There were 53 patients with renal transplant, with era 1 (28 patients) and era 2 (25 patients). Overall mortality was 5.6%. Median recipient age at transplantation was 13.2 years in era 1 and 8.59 years in era 2, median recipient weight at transplantation was 41.7 kg in era 1 vs. 26 kg in era 2, median size 149. 5 cm (era 1) vs. 123 cm in era2 (p = 0.05). The direct recipient/donor weight ratio remained stable in both eras, for recipients below 20 kg we saw a larger weight mismatch in era 1 (0.84 vs. 0.66). In the subgroup of patients with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) those were significantly younger at onset of dialysis (p < 0.001) and at time of transplantation (p < 0.001), also they were less in body weight (p < 0.01), and body size (p < 0.001), this subgroup was larger in era 2. HLA mismatch data, serum creatinine, and GFR yield comparable results in both groups. Median time to detection of DSA was 46.2 month (3.8 years). Conclusion Since children with ESRD at the time of transplant trend to be younger and smaller, it is crucial to ensure a medical environment that is able to address their particular challenges. Even in this recipient cohort, renal transplantation can be performed safely as outlined by our data.
“I Think the Mental Part Is the Biggest Factor”: An Exploratory Qualitative Study of COVID-19 and Its Negative Effects on Indigenous Women in Toronto, Canada

This article explores the unique and understudied experiences of Indigenous women living in Toronto, Canada during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to better document the impacts of COVID-19 on the mental health and wellbeing of Indigenous women in Toronto, Canada to better understand unmet needs, as well as lay the groundwork for more targeted research and potential interventions based on these needs. Using in-depth semi-structured interviews with thirteen Indigenous women, we shed light on the negative effects this pandemic has had on this population. We find that COVID-19 has negatively affected people's mental health, substance use and access to health services. This research speaks to the growing body of work that discusses the harmful effects of COVID-19 generally and how this pandemic has specifically affected Indigenous peoples.
Correlation Between Chronic Tinnitus Distress and Symptoms of Depression: A Systematic Review

Objectives In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the evidence regarding the correlation between tinnitus distress and the severity of depressive symptoms in patients with chronic tinnitus. Also, the prevalence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms scores in patients with chronic tinnitus was evaluated. Methods We performed a systematic review in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library in June 2021 using the terms “depression” and “tinnitus,” and their synonyms, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were selected on relevance and critically appraised regarding risk of bias using the Newcastle–Ottowa Quality Assessment Scale. Results A total of 1,912 articles were screened on title and abstract after the removal of the duplicates. Eventually, 33 (1.5%) articles were included for the final analysis. Only cross-sectional cohort studies and case–control studies with a low level of evidence and a high risk of bias due to the study design and patient selection were found. Statistically significant correlations between the experienced tinnitus distress and depressive symptoms were reported in 31 out of 33 studies. Clinically relevant depression scores had a prevalence of 4.6–41.7%. Conclusions In this systematic review, in which mostly cross-sectional studies were included, a statistically significant correlation was found between the experienced tinnitus distress and the reported severity of symptoms of depression in patients with chronic tinnitus. A wide range of clinically relevant depression scores were reported in included studies. Due to the high risk of bias of included studies it is not possible to provide a definite answer on the existence of this relationship. Future population-based studies are necessary to provide more clarity.
Environmental, Health, and Equity Co-benefits in Urban Climate Action Plans: A Descriptive Analysis for 27 C40 Member Cities

Many actions to reduce greenhouse gases (GHGs) in cities have benefits for environmental quality, public health, and equity. These local and immediate “co-benefits” can include cleaner air, expanded green space, improved physical activity, and reduced noise. However, progress incorporating co-benefits assessments into climate mitigation planning has been limited. Here, we capitalized on the new availability of climate action plans (CAPs) from dozens of C40 cities to explore the stated role of environmental quality, health, and equity in urban GHG mitigation planning. Specifically, we qualitatively reviewed how four topics—equity, exposure to environmental risk factors, health effects of climate change, and health co-benefits of GHG mitigation—were addressed in CAPs from 27 C40 member cities. The cities span Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. We found that more references pertained to exposures (57% of all identified references across the four topics) than to equity (21%), health co-benefits of GHG mitigation (15%), or health effects of climate change (7%). On average across all cities, five exposure categories represented the majority of exposure references: green space (23% of total coded exposure references), disasters (20%), physical activity (24%), heat (16%), and air quality (12%). Approximately two-thirds of health effects and health co-benefits references noted a link with health generally, without specificity to disease or other health outcome. Our results indicate that while environmental quality is commonly considered in CAPs, health effects of climate change and health co-benefits of GHG mitigation are mentioned less frequently. Future work should further develop methods to qualitatively and quantitatively assess health consequences of action and inaction to reduce GHG emissions, using approaches that are appropriate for and accessible to multiple levels of governments.
The Potential Role of RNA Structure in Crop Molecular Breeding

The continually growing human population creates a concomitantly increasing demand for nutritious crops with high yields. Advances in high throughput sequencing technologies have revealed the genetic architecture of major crops. This includes extensive information enabling comprehensive genetic markers for breeding selection, new gene discoveries, and novel gene regulatory strategies for crop editing. RNA structure is an important type of genetic feature, essential for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Here, we summarize recent advances in genome-wide RNA structure studies in crops and review the associated RNA structure-mediated regulation of gene expression. We also discuss the functional importance of those single nucleotide variations that induce large RNA structure disparities. Lastly, we discuss the potential role of RNA structure in crop molecular breeding.
Aiding Reflective Navigation in a Dynamic Information Landscape: A Challenge for Educational Psychology

Open access to information is now a universal phenomenon thanks to rapid technological developments across the globe. This open and universal access to information is a key value of democratic societies because, in principle, it supports well-informed decision-making on individual, local, and global matters. In practice, however, without appropriate readiness for navigation in a dynamic information landscape, such access to information can become a threat to public health, safety, and economy, as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown. In the past, this readiness was often conceptualized in terms of adequate literacy levels, but the contemporarily observed highest-ever literacy levels have not immunized our societies against the risks of misinformation. Therefore, in this Perspective, we argue that democratization of access to information endows citizens with new responsibilities, and second, these responsibilities demand readiness that cannot be reduced to mere literacy levels. In fact, this readiness builds on individual adequate literacy skills, but also requires rational thinking and awareness of own information processing. We gather evidence from developmental, educational, and cognitive psychology to show how these aspects of readiness could be improved through education interventions, and how they may be related to healthy work-home balance and self-efficacy. All these components of education are critical to responsible global citizenship and will determine the future direction of our societies.
Current Progress of Mitochondrial Genome Editing by CRISPR

Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Malignancy; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety

Background Data on the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with malignancy are immature. In this paper, we assessed the literature involving the use of COVID-19 vaccines in cancer patients and reported the seroconversion rates as the main outcome and severity of COVID-19 infection and side effects following COVID-19 vaccination as the secondary outcomes. Methods A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed. Searches were conducted in electronic websites, databases, and journals, including Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from January 01, 2019, to November 30, 2021. Studies reporting data on the safety and efficacy of COVID vaccine in cancer patients using any human samples were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the NEWCASTLE-OTTAWA scale in the included studies. Results A total of 724 articles were identified from databases, out of which 201 articles were duplicates and were discarded. Subsequently, 454 articles were excluded through initial screening of the titles and abstracts. Moreover, 41 studies did not report the precise seroconversion rate either based on the type of cancer or after injection of a second dose of COVID vaccine. Finally, 28 articles met all the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. The overall seroconversion rates after receiving a second dose of COVID-19 vaccine, based on type of cancer were 88% (95% CI, 81%-92%) and 70% (95% CI, 60%-79%) in patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, respectively. Conclusion Overall, we conclude that vaccination against COVID-19 in patients with active malignancies using activated and inactivated vaccines is a safe and tolerable procedure that is also accompanied by a high efficacy.
Adaptations to sprint interval training and comparisons of gender response

Physical activity helps maintain health, promotes adaptations of the cardiovascular and neuromuscular systems to increase uptake, transport and utilisation of oxygen for aerobic energy production and improve fatty acid metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests sprint interval training (SIT) may be as effective as endurance exercise. The overall aim was to measure physiological effects of SIT in males and females from the general population. The first objective was to recruit males and females from the general population to complete 12 weeks cycling SIT and monitor changes relating to health and physiological function. The primary outcomes were changes in body fat mass, VO2max, FATmax, knee extensor muscle size, strength, power, fatigue resistance, circulating concentrations of lipoproteins and inflammatory markers. The secondary outcome was a comparison of results between males and females. The second objective was to recruit Masters sprint and endurance runners to complete measurements of health and physiological function. The primary outcomes were peak power output and VO2peak in one and two-leg cycling. After 12 weeks SIT, females showed higher increases (18.7%) in VO2max (ml/kg/min) than males (6%) (gender comparison: p=0.009), males exhibited greater body fat (%) reductions (1.5%) than females (0.1%) (gender comparison: p=0.015). Males and females had similar increases in knee extensor fatigue resistance (4.0% and 8.9% respectively, gender comparison: p=0.221) and muscle cross sectional area (CSA) (cm2) (4.1% and 5.8% respectively, gender comparison: p=0.895). Neither gender showed changes in circulating inflammatory proteins, but LDL decreased in males (7.8%) and females (3.7%) (gender comparison: p=0.161) and the ratio of cholesterol:HDL improved in females (13.1%) and males (19.6%) (gender comparison: p=0.523). Master sprint athletes had 22% higher peak power output (W/Kg) than endurance athletes (discipline difference: p=0.045), but endurance master athletes have 17% higher VO2peak (ml/kg/min) (p=0.012) and 30% higher FATmax (mg/kg/min) (discipline difference: p=0.041). The inverse relationship between VO2peak, FATmax and peak power with age was similar (10-12% per decade) for sprint and endurance athletes. It is concluded that males and females adapt positively to SIT, although gender differences in VO2max and changes to body fat were found. Despite differences between masters endurance and sprint athletes in FATmax, VO2peak and peak power, age related decline is similar in both disciplines.