Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arkansas' Teachers Perceptions of the Common Core State Standards

The Common Core State Standards were created in 2009 in order to unify the states’ own standards and provide a specific set of learning goals for English Language Arts and Mathematics that students should achieve by the end of each schooling year, to ensure an increased college and career readiness by emphasizing skills rather than specific content knowledge. The current quantitative study sought to determine the perceptions that Arkansas teachers had of the Common Core Standards by posing two main research questions: 1. Do Arkansas teachers perceive the Common Core State Standards as beneficial their students? and 2. Do Arkansas teachers perceive the Common Core State Standards as beneficial to them, as teachers? The study used a stratified random sampling process to select sixty Arkansas districts, with a total of 665 survey respondents. The results suggest that Arkansas teachers had an overall favorable perception of the impact of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) on their students, and slightly negative perception in terms of the impact of the CCSS on themselves as educators. Novice teachers and teachers in larger classrooms were more positive toward the benefit the Standards would have on both students and teachers, while teachers in high performing districts and Democrat/Independent teachers were more inclined to believe that the Standards would have a positive outcome on their students.
Turbulent mixing driven by variable density and transport coefficients effects

This thesis is dedicated to the study of turbulent mixing in flows with variable density and non-uniform transport coefficients. We use a new direct numerical simulation (DNS) code based on a two-dimensional domain decomposition, capable of taking into account variable density and diffusive contributions. At first, we consider the case of turbulence in weakly-coupled plasmas under isotropic compression, which can experience a sudden dissipation of kinetic energy due to the growth of the viscosity coefficient due to temperature increase. In this case, in addition to DNS we use a spectral model based on the Eddy-Damped Quasi-Normal Markovian closure. We evidence the sensitivity of the flow dynamics to initial conditions for homogeneous isotropic turbulence and an inhomogeneous spherical turbulent layer. In the latter case, we find, also, the first hint of a sudden diffusion effect. The importance of initial conditions is also shown in the study of the variable density unstably stratified homogeneous turbulence. If the initial density contrasts are sufficiently strong, the large scales of the flow are modified with the consequent modification of the self-similar scaling laws. Finally, we consider an idealized configuration of inertial confinement fusion implosion, with both variable density and transport coefficients effects. During the compression, we evidence the competition between the plasma molecular diffusion, which is enhanced by the temperature increase, and the turbulent diffusion, which on the contrary decreases due to the increased viscous dissipation. In the last phase of the implosion, we highlight a sudden diffusion process, where compressed spherical mixing layers are quickly diffused.
Collaboration the Role of Doctors and Pharmacers in Rational Preparation in Rantauprapat Hospital, Constraints and Its Efforts

Rational prescribing is an important element in achieving the quality of health services which is one indicator in patient safety in hospital. The purpose of this study was to find out how the collaboration of the role of doctors and pharmacists in rational prescribing at Rantauprapat District Hospital. The research methodology uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with doctors and pharmacists on duty at Rantauprapat District Hospital. The results showed that the form of collaboration between doctors and pharmacists in rational prescribing conducted at Rantauprapat District Hospital included: reviewing prescription contents, solving problems related to drug use and providing drug information. The results also showed that the obstacles in implementing collaborative roles of doctors and pharmacists included: the problem of the quantity of pharmacists that did not meet the standards and the limited pharmacist's knowledge of clinical pharmacy and the limited communication between doctors and pharmacists. Mitigation efforts include: recruiting pharmacists with clinical pharmacy qualifications, providing continuing education and training in clinical pharmacy to pharmacists, evaluating the implementation of pharmacy service policies in hospitals especially visits with doctors and pharmacists and building communication links between doctors and pharmacists through empowering the role of the pharmaceutical and therapeutic committee.
Infertility: perceived causes and experiences in rural southwest Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: The experience of infertility causes harsh, poignant and unique difficulties to infertile individuals. In Ethiopia, very little has been explored regarding the way people perceive and experience infertility. This study attempted to describe perceived causes, experiences and perceptions of infertility in rural Ethiopia. METHODS : A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 12-26, 2005. Two hundred twenty-five randomly selected infertile individuals were included in the study. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was employed for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS for windows Version 11.0. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-five infertile (167 women and 58 men) individuals participated in the study. The perceived cause of infertility in this study was mainly mystical power. One hundred Twenty (53.3%) of the respondents reported God’s wrath as the cause of infertility and 134 (59.6%) noted that it could be cured. The frequently reported methods of cure were God’s will 57 (42.5%) followed by modern medicine 56(41.8%). Forty-three (19 %) had history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and 62(28%) had extra marital sex for the sake of child bearing. Eighty-four (37.3%) of the participants faced some difficulty related to their infertility. One hundred thirty seven (60.9%) of the respondents hope to have a child in the future. CONCLUSION : This study showed that there is lack of knowledge of both causes and treatment of infertility in the study community. Therefore, community-based programs to increase public awareness and to reduce myths related to infertility are needed. Further community based study is recommended .
What Gets Measured Gets Done: Can Self-Tracking Technologies Enhance Advice Compliance?

Self-tracking technologies (STTs) in the form of smart devices and mobile applications enable consumers to monitor, analyze, and interpret personal performance data on health and physical or financial well-being. As a result of self-tracking, consumers are not only expected to check their personal performance more actively but also to implement service professionals’ advice to improve their well-being more accurately. Despite the growing popularity of STTs, empirical evidence on the extent to which STT use enhances advice compliance remains scant. A field experiment with 538 participants in a health-care setting suggests that STT use does not increase advice compliance per se. Rather, the effectiveness of STTs depends on consumers’ self-efficacy. For consumers low in self-efficacy, STT use can even undermine advice compliance. A lab experiment with 831 participants replicates and generalizes the findings to a nonmedical professional service (i.e., fitness training). As assessments of self-efficacy might be difficult in practice, service providers in health care can use consumers’ body mass index as an easy-to-measure proxy to predict STT effectiveness. Finally, the lab experiment also identifies perceived empowerment and personalization as psychological mechanisms mediating the influence of STT use on advice compliance.
Challenges to Understanding the Earth's Ionosphere and Thermosphere

We discuss, in a limited way, some of the challenges to advancing our understanding and description of the coupled plasma and neutral gas that make up the ionosphere and thermosphere (I‐T). The I‐T is strongly influenced by wave motions of the neutral atmosphere from the lower atmosphere and is coupled to the magnetosphere, which supplies energetic particle precipitation and field‐aligned currents at high latitudes. The resulting plasma dynamics are associated with currents generated by solar heating and upward propagating waves, by heating from energetic particles and electromagnetic energy from the magnetosphere and by the closure of the field‐aligned currents applied at high latitudes. These three contributors to the current are functions of position, magnetic activity, and other variables that must be unraveled to understand how the I‐T responds to coupling from the surrounding regions of geospace. We have captured the challenges to this understanding in four major themes associated with coupling to the lower atmosphere, the generation and flow of currents within the I‐T region, the coupling to the magnetosphere, and the response of the I‐T region reflected in the neutral and plasma density changes. Addressing these challenges requires advances in observing the neutral density, composition, and velocity and simultaneous observations of the plasma density and motions as well as the particles and field‐aligned current describing the magnetospheric energy inputs. Additionally, our modeling capability must advance to include better descriptions of the processes affecting the I‐T region and incorporate coupling to below and above at smaller spatial and temporal scales.
EARLY DETECTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES

Md. Ariful Islam Khan, Saiful Islam, Sanjida Tasnim Shorno, Sumonto Sarker and Md. Abubakar Siddik. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 05 September 2019 Final Accepted: 07 October 2019 Published: November 2019
A Review of Epidemiologic Studies

>> Objective: Epidemiological studies on psychiatric disorders are quite rare in the Arab World. This article reviews epidemiological studies on ADHD in all the Arab countries. Method: All epidemiological studies on ADHD conducted from 1966 through th present were reviewed. Samples were drawn from the general community, primary care clinical settings, and populations of traumatized children. Data on prevalence, gender differences, risk factors, comorbidity, and burden of ADHD were reviewed. Results: ADHD rates in Arab populations were similar to those in other cultures. Comparisons within Arab studies were difficult given the variability of methodology and instruments used. Conclusion: There is an important need for research on ADHD in the Arab World, not only to assess the national prevalence in children and adolescents, but also to look at the differential burden and treatment of this disorder, which has high levels of mental comorbidities and high impact across the life span. (J. of Att. Dis. 2009; 13(3) 211-222)
Study of Eclampsia at Tertiary Care Center

Eclampsia is one of the commonest cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The various factors influencing maternal and perinatal out come were evaluated in the present study. Eclampsia accounted for 1.09% of the total deliveries conducted during the study period. Majority of the patients i.e. 90.10% patients were in age group 16 to 25 years. Antepartum eclampsia was the commonest type of eclampsia (75.82%), followed by postpartum eclampsia (13.19%) and intrapartum eclampsia (9.34%). 54.15% patients of eclampsia were delivered vaginally and 45.85% underwent caesarean section for various obstetric indications. The perinatal mortality rate in eclampsia patients was 295 per 1000 total births in eclampsia patients
Effect of potting media on chemical and yield attributes of sword fern (Nephrolepis undulate J. Sm) under protected condition

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of potting media on quality parameters of Nephrolepis undulate J. Sm under protected condition in Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Mudigere (Under University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga) during 2018-19. The suckers were collected around the region of Mudigere and are planted in 12" pot. The experiment was consisted with ten different treatments viz., T1 Soil + Sand + FYM (2:1:1) (Control), T2 Soil + Cocopeat + Vermicompost (2:1:1), T3 Soil + Coir pith + Vermicompost (2:1:1), T4 Soil + Cocopeat + FYM + Vermicompost (2:1:1:1), T5 Soil + Perlite + Coir pith + Vermicompost (2:1:1:1), T6 Cocopeat + Sand + FYM (2:1:1), T7 Cocopeat + Vermicompost + Coir pith (2:1:1), T8 Cocopeat + Vermicompost + FYM (2:1:1), T9 Cocopeat + Perlite + Sand + Vermicompost (2:1:1:1) and T10 Cocopeat + Perlite + Coir pith + Vermicompost (2:1:1:1). Each treatment was replicated thrice in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The results revealed that the plants which are grown in the media containing Soil + Cocopeat + FYM + Vermicompost (2:1:1:1) recorded the maximum number of shoots (6.17), croziers (3.10), fronds (12.00), nitrogen (5.10 %), phosphorous (0.59 %) and potassium (2.65 %) compared standard check.
Occupational stress and its associated health disorders among bus drivers

Background: Bus drivers as compared to workers in other jobs, are more likely to experience cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal disorders and musculoskeletal disorders. Occupational stress is believed to play a significant role in causing these problems. The objective of this study is to assess the occupational stress and to find the prevalence of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal disorders among bus drivers and its association if any, with occupational stress . Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted from June 2004 -May 2005 among bus drivers of a Bus terminal of Mumbai city. 210 bus drivers were included in the study. Occupational stress was assessed by using Stress- related health complaints questionnaire. Results: Hypertension was seen among 24%, Dyspepsia, regurgitation among 52%, lower back among 79% of bus drivers. Morbidities were significantly high among the drivers who had high occupational stress score . Conclusions: Occupational stress is associated with hypertension, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal problems among bus drivers.
Assessment of alcohol and psychotropic drug use among old-age psychiatric patients in Norway: Experiences of health professionals

Background: Increased awareness among health professionals regarding older people’s alcohol and prescribed psychotropic drug use may be beneficial for reducing their unhealthy consumption among elderly. Aim: This study explores how health professionals experienced their participation in a study in which they collected data on alcohol and psychotropic drug use among patients treated in old-age psychiatry departments and, subsequently, how they experienced their work day after the study ended. Method: Focus-group and individual interviews with 15 professionals in specialist psychiatric hospitals were performed in 2016. The data were analysed using content analysis. Results: Two themes emerged from the data: the informants’ “experiences with participation” and “consequences of participation”. These themes described how the informants had experienced their participation in the study and whether these experiences subsequently affected their work routines. The first theme included two subthemes: “approaching the topic” covered the challenges and “applying assessment scales” described the participants’ opinions about the scales. Two subthemes were included in the second theme: “increasing knowledge”, which covered their reflections on new knowledge; and “influencing work routines”, which described their new approach to the topic. Conclusion: Study participation positively affected the informants’ work routines regarding alcohol and psychotropic drug use. The results of this study may contribute to a better understanding, development, and organization of services for people with increased substance use and thus may more holistically promote the health of older people.
The effect of cold water immersion on recreationally active young adults and the recovery of elite rugby players after intense eccentric exercise

Background Exercising at different levels of intensity is associated with an acute inflammatory response as a result of muscle damage, which consequently leads to delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Cold-water immersion (CWI) has shown the potential to reverse exercise related muscle inflammation and enhance post-exercise recovery following sport activities. Several studies have investigated the effect of CWI on muscle recovery, however, their results are controversial. The purpose of the current study was to examine the physiological response of CWI on healthy participants and explore the physiological and psychological effect of CWI on athletes compared with controls. Methods Phase one observed the physiological response of 9 healthy active volunteers immersed in 12-13° for 15 minutes. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and O2 consumption were measured and monitored. Inflammatory biomarkers and muscle strength were observed prior to immersion, 30 minute and 24 hour following CWI. Phase two used a randomized crossover trial to study the effectiveness of CWI [15 minutes of CWI at 12-13°C] compared to passive recovery [15 minutes sitting] post delayed onset muscle soreness in 8 elite male rugby players. Inflammatory biomarker, muscle strength, were measured prior to the intervention and 30 minutes, 24 and 48 hour post intervention. Muscle soreness [VAS and pain pressure threshold] was measured 20 minutes, 24 and 48 hours post intervention. Phase three explored the psychological effect of CWI using a focus group and self-administered questionnaire. Result In Phase one, CWI produced no significant changes in cardiovascular function, oxygen consumption, muscle strength and hormone concentration levels. In Phase two, CWI reduced immediate quadriceps muscle soreness by (5 unit) compare to passive group by (15 unit) (P=0.006). No effect on strength or inflammatory cytokines compared to passive recovery. In Phase three, athletes reported a perception of improved performance and reduction in pain when using CWI. Conclusion CWI has positive effects for the treatment of DOMS. Physiologically it reduces immediate muscle tenderness, but does not affect muscle strength. Psychologically athletes perceive an improvement in performance and reduction in pain.
Endothelial Cell Adhesion on Acrylate-Based Shape Memory Polymers for Use in Cardiovascular Stents

Although cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, current treatment methods continue to be limited. Balloon angioplasty, bare metal stents (BMS) and drug eluting stents (DES) provide minimally invasive methods for opening and supporting narrowed vessels, but complications such as restenosis and thrombosis from reduced biocompatibility resulted in vessel re-occlusion, limiting this approach. Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have shown promise as polymer stents due to their self-deployment capabilities and vascular biocompatibility. Prior research on SMPs for stent use has focused on the mechanical properties for stent deployment and implantation and to confirm low cytotoxicity. However, both in vitro studies and in vivo studies using animal models, have demonstrated that endothelialization of a device surface soon after implantation enhances the likelihood of device integration, leading to device success. Thus, to make SMPs a more viable option for cardiovascular stents, verifying the endothelial cell recruitment ability of the surface is an important step. This work aims to optimize the surface of a shape memory polymer previously developed in our group to encourage endothelialization for future use in cardiovascular stents. First, we optimized the SMP formulation to retain its shape memory properties while also encouraging endothelial cell adhesion and survival. The 80:20 weight percent ratio tBA:PEGDMA SMP was
Multifaceted Aid for Low‐Income Students and College Outcomes: Evidence from North Carolina

We study the evolution of a campus-based aid program for low-income students that began with grant-heavy financial aid and later added a suite of non-financial supports. We find little to no evidence that program eligibility during the early years (2004-2006), in which students received additional institutional grant aid and few non-financial supports, improved postsecondary progress, performance, or completion. In contrast, program-eligible students in more recent cohorts (2007-2010), when the program supplemented grant-heavy aid with an array of non-financial supports, were more likely to meet credit accumulation benchmarks toward timely graduation and earned higher GPAs than their barely ineligible counterparts.
An omnichannel approach to retailing: demystifying and identifying the factors influencing an omnichannel experience

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that influence an omnichannel experience. Omnichannel is an emerging approach to retailing that responds to the changing nature of how customers shop in alternation between online and offline shops, and the increasing use of digital devices (e.g. smartphones and tablets), as a consequence retailers are focusing and establishing a seamless integrated approach to their services. Omnichannel is now a hot topic in retailing but there is a lack of empirical studies into the factors that influence an omnichannel experience. Using a mixed methods approach, we propose and empirically test a conceptual model that identifies four factors influencing an omnichannel experience: brand familiarity; customisation; perceived value, and technology readiness. We conceptualise omnichannel to include three key channels; in-store, online and mobile. Two hundred and forty-six questionnaires were collected and analysed using PLS-SEM and 11 interviews were carried out with marketing/ omnichannel professionals. Our results indicate that brand familiarity has a strong influence on omnichannel (in-store, online and mobile) while perceived value has a negative impact on the mobile experience. Our results show that retailers need to consider multiple factors, such as brand familiarity, customisation, perceived value and technology readiness as influencing factors of an omnichannel experience, and plan the use of multiple touchpoints simultaneously to enhance their overall customer’s experience. Although this study demonstrates the significant factors influencing an omnichannel experience, questions remain regarding the exact use of each touchpoint by customers and the extent of overlap between the touchpoints. which .
Does Migration Affect Trust? Internal Migration and the Stability of Trust among Americans

ABSTRACT This article examines how the experience of moving from a high to a low-trust place might affect people’ trust and vice versa. Given that the American South has lower trust than other regions of the country, I consider whether Southerners would become more trusting when they move to non-South regions and whether non-Southerners would trust less when they move to the South. My analysis of the cross-sectional data from the General Social Survey (GSS, 1972–2018) suggests that, irrespective of where they move after age 16, Americans’ trust changes very little. The overall results lend significant support for the cultural socialization theory of trust. That is, people learn to trust early in life from cultural heritage and socialization and their learned trust does not respond to new experiences and changing circumstances.