Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardioprotective Effects of Nano-Piperine Against Cypermethrin Toxicity Through Oxidative Stress, Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Studies in Male Wistar Rats

Background: Cypermethrin (Cyp) is a synthetic derivative of pyrethroids, implicated in various organ toxicity. This study investigated the potential cardio-protective activity of nano-piperine (NP) against Cyp toxicity in adult Wister male rats. Methods: All animals in groups II, III, IV, and V were subjected to Cyp (50 mg/kg) for 15 days. After 1 h of receiving the Cyp dose, 3 doses of NP (125, 250, and 500 µg/kg/day) were administered to groups III, IV, and V, respectively, for 10 days. In Group VI, a dose of 500 µg/kg NP alone was given orally daily for 10 days. Result: The toxic effects were evaluated by an increase in serum cardiac injury biomarkers (lactate dehydrogenase, cardiac troponin I, creatine kinase-myoglobin binding, tissue lipid peroxidation, a decrease in antioxidative activity, such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase, and upregulation of interleukins [interleukin 1β, interleukin 6]). Immunohistochemistry studies of proteins (nuclear factor-κB [NF-kB], apoptotic protease activating factor-1 [Apaf-1], 4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE] and Bax) showed enhanced expression, and histopathological examination revealed myolysis, loss of striation and hemorrhages indicating heart toxicity in the animals. Administration of NP significantly ameliorated all the changes caused by Cyp, such as a decrease in the levels of serum cardiac injury markers, an increase of antioxidative parameters, decrease in expression of inflammatory cytokines and NF-kB, Apaf-1, 4-HNE, and Bax, as shown by immunohistochemistry studies. Furthermore, all the histopathological changes were reduced to near the values of the control. Conclusion: Collectively our findings indicated that NP could be a potent nutraceutical exhibiting cardioprotective effects against Cyp-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
Fixed-Time Bipartite Output Consensus of Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems With Event-Triggered Observation

This paper considers the fixed-time bipartite output consensus of heterogeneous multi-agent systems under a directed signed graph. Firstly, in combination with the fixed-time theory and event-triggered mechanism, a fixed-time event-triggered observer is designed to estimate the leader’s state. Secondly, a dynamic variable is used to present the triggering condition, and the analytical results show that the Zeno behavior can be excluded by choosing some appropriate parameters. Moreover, a distributed fixed-time control protocol is developed based on the designed observer so that all agents can achieve bipartite output consensus in a fixed-time. Some sufficient criteria for output bipartite consensus are obtained based on inequality techniques and Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, a numerical example is employed to verify the validity of the theoretical results.
Bycatch species distribution from mid-water trawlers in the north-eastern Arabian sea: a step towards the implementation of marine spatial planning

ABSTRACT Spatial conservation planning to reduce the impact of fishing on ecosystems necessitates understanding of the spatial distribution of bycatch in fishing grounds. Management measures in Indian waters cannot be spatially explicit without this information. Thus, a preliminary study was conducted on the northwest coast of India to identify the most persistent bycatch areas from mid-water trawlers targeting largehead hairtails (Trichiurus lepturus). Semi-variogram modelling and kriging interpolation showed that bycatch abundance varied by species and associated habitat or depth preference. A significant positive correlation between species in bycatch abundance revealed that few share the same habitat in the region. Bycatch species were concentrated in the inshore area (<70 m depth) during the post-monsoon and summer seasons, but their densities reduced in the winter. The bycatch distribution map aid in the future implementation of spatial management measures, such as the designation of the no-fishing zone and conservation networks.
Effect of Sodium Hyaluronate on Antioxidant and Anti-Ageing Activities in Caenorhabditis elegans

As an acidic polysaccharide, the formation of Hyaluronic acid (HA) is typically Sodium Hyaluronate (SH) for knee repair, oral treatment, skincare and as a food additive. Nevertheless, little information is available on the anti-ageing activity of SH as a food additive. Therefore, we treated C. elegans with SH, then inferred the anti-aging activity of SH by examining the lifespan physiological indicators and senescence-associated gene expression. Compared with the control group, SH (800 μg/mL) prolonged the C. elegans’ lifespans in regular, 35 °C and H2O2 environment by 0.27-fold, 0.25-fold and 1.17-fold. Simultaneously, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were increased by 8.6%, 0.36% and 167%. However, lipofuscin accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased by 36%, 47.8–65.7% and 9.5–13.1%. After SH treatment, athletic ability was improved and no impairment of reproductive capacity was seen. In addition, SH inhibited the blocking effect of age-1 and up-regulated gene levels involving daf-16, sod-3, gst-4 and skn-1. In conclusion, SH provides potential applications in anti-ageing and anti-oxidation and regulates physiological function.
Increased levels of a subset of angiogenesis-related plasma proteins in essential thrombocythemia

Background Increased local angiogenesis is important for the growth and dissemination of cancer. The myeloproliferative neoplasm essential thrombocythemia (ET) is known to involve increased bone marrow angiogenesis. Blood levels of several angiogenesis-related proteins are increased in different types of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a subset of such proteins was elevated in treatment-naïve ET patients. Methods Blood plasma from 41 ET patients and 43 healthy aged-matched controls was analyzed for eight different angiogenesis-related proteins. Results The ET cohort displayed a more homogenous expression pattern of these proteins compared with controls. Five of the eight proteins were significantly increased in ET patients. Conclusion Increased plasma levels of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) and endostatin have not previously been reported in ET. In our patients, MMP9 levels correlated positively with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F allele burden and leukocyte count.
Seed Priming with Glutamic-Acid-Functionalized Iron Nanoparticles Modulating Response of Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek (Mung Bean) to Induce Osmotic Stress

Rising soil salinity is a major concern for agricultural production worldwide, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. To improve salt tolerance and the productivity of economic crop plants in the face of future climatic changes, plant-based solutions are required to feed the continuously increasing world population. In the present study, we aimed to ascertain the impact of Glutamic-acid-functionalized iron nanoparticles (Glu-FeNPs) on two varieties (NM-92 and AZRI-2006) of mung beans with different concentrations (0, 40 mM, 60 mM, and 80 mM) of osmotic stress. The result of the study showed that vegetative growth parameters such as root and shoot length, fresh and dry biomass, moisture contents, leaf area, and the number of pods per plant were significantly decreased with osmotic stress. Similarly, biochemicals such as protein, chlorophylls, and carotenes contents also significantly declined under induced osmotic stress. The application of Glu-FeNPs significantly (p ≤ 0.05) restored both the vegetative growth parameters and biochemical contents of plants under osmotic stress. The pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Glu-FeNPs significantly ameliorated the tolerance level of Vigna radiata to osmotic stress by optimizing the level of antioxidant enzymes and osmolytes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and proline contents. Our finding indicates that Glu-FeNPs significantly restore the growth of plants under osmotic stress via enhancing photosynthetic activity and triggering the antioxidation system of both varieties.
MASSIVE STAR FORMATION IN NGC 2074

Spitzer observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) have revealed a large population of young stellar objects (YSOs), but complementary high-resolution images in the optical or near-IR wavelengths are still needed to resolve the multiplicity and immediate environments of the YSOs. The Hubble Space Telescope imaged the star-forming region NGC 2074 in the LMC during its 100,000th orbit, providing an opportunity to more closely examine the YSOs and their environments in this region. We have studied the 10 YSO candidates identified from Spitzer observations, confirming their nature and determining their physical parameters by modeling their spectral energy distributions. The majority of the YSOs and central stars of ultracompact H ii regions in NGC 2074 have masses consistent with spectral types of early B to late O. The co-existence of massive early-type O stars and the less massive YSOs indicates that their formation may have started at a similar time, a few 105 yr ago. NGC 2074 provides an opportunity to study the evolution of massive stars at their infancy.
A SUPERGIANT-DOMINATED STARBURST IN THE NUCLEUS OF NGC 4569

The Virgo spiral NGC 4569 has a very compact optical nucleus whose spectrum is highly composite, which strong Balmer absorption indicating that A stars dominate the optical light. Recent HST imaging shows that the nucleus is extremely compact in the mid-ultraviolet, so that either there must be a central AGN or an extraordinarily luminous and compact central star cluster. I present here IUE and ground-based spectrophotometry and high-resolution optical spectra, which are used to decompose the nucleus into possible stellar and AGN contributions. Accounting for the asymmetric contamination by Balmer emission, at a velocity different from the stellar absorption lines, removes the apparent discrepancy between radial velocities for different stellar components. The nuclear spectrum shows contributions from ordinary bulge light and from a young population. This young component has effective spectral type of mid-A, and the Balmer lines are so narrow that A-type supergiants are the most important contributors to the optical light. The young population is therefore much younger than the spectral type would suggest if interpreted as a main-sequence turnoff age, and the asociated OB stars might account for much of the UV flux. In this case, the nucleus contains an extraordinarily bright star cluster about as large as the core of 30 Doradus but more than 6 magnitudes brighter. While some less luminous supergiant-dominated star clusters have been found, current models of starburst evolution do not give a natural explanation for such a bunching in effective temperature. Evidence for an AGN is equivocal; M/L arguments show that only for the most extreme conditions of timing and burst duration could stars alone give a small enough value to satisfy the observational limit on velocity dispersion, and this condition would be eased if some of the UV radiation and the ionization of the nuclear gas can be attributed to an AGN. While, for very favorable conditions the Balmer absorption might be interpreted as coming from an unusually extensive and face-on accretion disk (rather than stars), the small linewidths and dominance of a single photospheric temperature place very stringent geometric and size constraints on this possibility.
Imaging Spectrum of HTLV-1–Related Neurologic Disease

Purpose of Review Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)–associated myelopathy (HAM) is a well-recognized neurologic complication of HTLV-1. Beyond HAM, several other neurologic manifestations are increasingly recognized, including acute myelopathy, encephalopathy, and myositis. The clinical and imaging features of these presentations are less well understood and potentially underdiagnosed. In this study, we summarize the imaging features of HTLV-1–related neurologic disease, providing both a pictorial review and pooled series of the less well-recognized presentations. Recent Findings 35 cases of acute/subacute HAM and 12 cases of HTLV-1–related encephalopathy were found. In subacute HAM, cervical and upper thoracic longitudinally extensive tranverse myelitis was noted, while in HTLV-1–related encephalopathy, confluent lesions in the frontoparietal white matter and along the corticospinal tracts were the most prevalent finding. Summary There are varied clinical and imaging presentations of HTLV-1–related neurologic disease. Recognition of these features aids early diagnosis where therapy may have the greatest benefit.
End - to - End Image Steganography Scheme Based On $\mathrm{U}-\text{Net}++$ Structure

After introducing neural network into steganography, it based on neural network has been effectively improved compared with traditional steganography. As people pay more attention to neural networks and research more deeply, more and more excellent network models appear. These network models were introduced to further improve steganography. $\mathbf{U}- \mathbf{net}++$ is the integration of U-Net with different depths, and the jump connection in the decoder part has also been redesigned, and the feature map is densely connected. While training $\mathbf{U}- \mathbf{Net}++$, multiple U-Nets at different depths within the structure can stimulate collaborative learning among the components. Image quality is higher with $\mathbf{U}-\mathbf{Net}++$ than U-Net. We introduce $\mathbf{U}-\mathbf{net}\ ++$ into the hidden network and propose a new steganographic network as the main part of the hidden network, using this network to embed the color cover image with the same size into the gray secret image. The constructed network has two functions of hiding and extracting, which are realized by two parts respectively. The sender completes the information hiding process by hiding network, The sender completes the information hiding process by hiding the network, and the receiver completes the information extraction process by extracting the network. The experimental results of this paper show that our proposed network can hide secret information and still have high invisibility.
Dimensionality Reduction in Non- Parametric Conditional Density Estimation with Applications to Nonlinear Time Series A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy

Nonparametric methods of estimation of conditional density functions when the dimension of the explanatory variable is large are known to su¤er from slow convergence rates due to the curse of dimensionality. When estimating the conditional density of a random variable Y given random d-vector X, a signi cant reduction in dimensionality can be achieved, for example, by approximating the conditional density by that of a Y given X, where the unit-vector is chosen to optimise the approximation under the Kullback-Leibler criterion. As a rst step, this thesis pursues this single-index approximation by standard kernel methods. Under strong-mixing conditions, we derive a general asymptotic representation for the orientation estimator, and as a result, the approximated conditional density is shown to enjoy the same rst-order asymptotic properties as it would have if the optimal was known. We then proceed and generalise this result to a multi-indexapproximation using a Projection Pursuit (PP) type approximation. We propose a multiplicative PP approximation of the conditional density that has the form f (yjx) = f0 (y) QM m=1 hm y; mx , where the projection directions m and the multiplicative elements, hm, m = 1; :::;M , are chosen to minimise a weighted version of the Kullback-Leibler relative entropy between the true and the estimated conditional densities. We rst establish the validity of the approximation by proving some probabilistic properties, and in particular we show that the PP approximation converges weakly to the true conditional density as M approaches in nity. An iterative procedure for estimation is outlined, and in order to terminate the iterative estimation procedure, a variant of the bootstrap information criterion is suggested. Finally, the theory established for the single-index model serve as a building block in deriving the asymptotic properties of the PP estimator under strong-mixing conditions. All methods are illustrated in simulations with nonlinear time-series models, and some applications to prediction of daily exchange-rate data are demonstrated.
Clinical Occurrences in the Neurorehabilitation of Dogs with Severe Spinal Cord Injury

Simple Summary Patients with a severe spinal cord injury are highly predisposed to clinical occurrences such as pressure ulcers and urinary tract infections. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of clinical occurrences in dogs with neurological conditions submitted to intensive inpatient neurorehabilitation, in order to develop preventive measures. From a total of 488 dogs, 79.5% had at least one clinical occurrence—the most frequent being neurogenic bladder (58%), followed by diarrhea (35.5%), urinary incontinence (21.3%), and fecal incontinence (20.5%). Preventive measures such as point-of-care ultrasound monitoring, positioning strategies, kinesiotherapy exercises, and early implementation of neurorehabilitation can help prevent some of the clinical occurrences frequently described in the literature. Abstract This prospective observational clinical study in a population of tetraplegic and paraplegic dogs (n = 488) with or without deep pain sensation, similar to humans ASIA A and B, investigated the prevalence of clinical occurrences in a rehabilitation center with a hospitalization regime between 15 days and 9 months. A checklist of occurrences was used for easy identification and monitoring, resulting in a total of 79.5% occurrences. There were 58% of dogs with neurogenic bladder, 35.5% with diarrhea, 21.3% with urinary incontinence, and 20.5% with fecal incontinence. A low incidence of respiratory problems (e.g., pneumonia) and urinary tract infections may suggest the efficacy of some applied measures in this study, such as thoracic and abdominal POCUS evaluation, positioning strategies, physical exercises, respiratory kinesiotherapy, and early implementation of a functional neurorehabilitation protocol. These can be essential measures to prevent clinical occurrences, mainly in breeds such as the French Bulldog and the Dachshund.
Modified Hydroxyapatite Structure and Properties: Modeling and Synchrotron Data Analysis of Modified Hydroxyapatite Structure

First principle modeling and calculations of hydroxyapatite both native and surface modified and having various defects (OH vacancies, H inter-nodes) were performed. Local Density Approximation method used with calculations of Density of States allows us to analyze the experimental obtained work function data. Molecular modeling was confirmed by photo-electron measurements up to 6.5 eV and photoluminescence experimental data from synchrotron DESY up to 30 eV. Brief analysis of the influence of heating, microwave radiation, hydrogenation, and synchrotron radiation on hydroxyapatite surface is presented in this work. New data on the structure of modified hydroxyapatite are obtained.
Molecular Dynamics Study of Clathrate-like Ordering of Water in Supersaturated Methane Solution at Low Pressure

Using molecular dynamics, the evolution of a metastable solution for “methane + water” was studied for concentrations of 3.36, 6.5, 9.45, 12.2, and 14.8 mol% methane at 270 K and 1 bar during 100 ns. We have found the intriguing behavior of the system containing over 10,000 water molecules: the formation of hydrate-like structures is observed at 6.5 and 9.45 mol% concentrations throughout the entire solution volume. This formation of “blobs” and the following amorphous hydrate were studied. The creation of a metastable methane solution through supersaturation is the key to triggering the collective process of hydrate formation under low pressure. Even the first stage (0–1 ns), before the first fluctuating cavities appear, is a collective process of H-bond network reorganization. The formation of fluctuation cavities appears before steady hydrate growth begins and is associated with a preceding uniform increase in the water molecule’s tetrahedrality. Later, the constantly presented hydrate cavities become the foundation for a few independent hydrate nucleation centers, this evolution is consistent with the labile cluster and local structure hypotheses. This new mechanism of hydrogen-bond network reorganization depends on the entropy of the cavity arrangement of the guest molecules in the hydrate lattice and leads to hydrate growth.
Bacterial and Viral Pathogens Implicated in Female Reproductive Failure Investigated on Menstrual Blood

We investigate the impact of bacterial (Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum/parvum, Mycomplasma hominis/genitalium, Gardnerella vaginalis) and viral (HSV1/2, EBV, CMV, VZV, HHV6/HHV7, HHV8) pathogens, as a potential cause of reproductive failure in women by analysis of menstrual blood. We analyzed DNA extracted from 48 probands selected on the basis of history of infertility. DNA extraction, Real-time qPCR, gel electrophoresis were applied. In 64.6% of all tested menstrual blood samples of infertile women bacterial and/or viral pathogens were detected. In 41.4% of all tested samples we found bacterial, while in 37.5% viral pathogens. Ureaplasma parvum and Gardnerella vaginalis were detected in 58.3% and 54.2%, respectively, of the positive for bacterial pathogens samples. EBV, HHV7 and HHV6 were detected in 38.9%, 55.6%, and, respectively, 11.1% of the positive for viral pathogens samples. Bacterial and viral co-infection was found in 22.6% of all patients. Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycomplasma hominis/genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, HSV1, HSV2, CMV, VZV and HHV8 were not detected in the menstrual blood samples. Our study offers new approach for diagnostics of infections in the upper female genital tract by analysis of menstrual blood. The opportunity to detect asymptomatic bacterial and viral infections in female endometrium contributes to reveal the cause for sterility. Our work contributes to clarify the infectious etiology of reproductive failure which is of a great importance for individualized therapy.
A semi-discrete geometric representation for nesting problems

Abstract This paper deals with the resolution of nesting algorithm, known as the irregular packing problem. It focuses on the geometric layer of the nesting algorithm, namely on the implementation of a semi-discrete representation of irregular geometric shapes and on the use of this representation in a nesting algorithm, proposed in previous publications. The proposed geometric scheme combines the features of discrete representation scheme and analytical concepts to quickly represent the geometry of part/sheet in digital form. The uniqueness of the proposed representation scheme lies in representing a part/sheet, of simple to complex geometry, with a series of equidistant vertical lines. These vertical lines not only aid in detecting collision among the parts easily but also assist in effective placement of parts on the sheet with bottom-left placement heuristic. With a view to enhance the speed of nesting, a scheme called Quick Void Skip is proposed to quickly identify the vacant regions on the sheet. For faster and effective nesting of a variety of parts on any geometry of sheet, the distance between the vertical lines, representing the part/sheet geometry, is adaptively chosen. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by comparing its performance with that achieved by a semi-discrete approach, proposed in a previous study.