Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Audio-Visual Based Picture Story Media for Elementary School Students

Religious education is important in shaping students' religious understanding and practice. In this regard, the research aims to develop audio and visual-based Islamic picture story learning media to increase understanding of prayer for elementary school students. This type of research is development research using the ADDIE model. The product validity test subjects were 1 learning material expert, 1 learning media expert, and 1 learning expert. The subjects for the product trial (product practicality test) were 19 grade III elementary school students. The methods used to collect data are observation, questionnaires and tests. The instruments used to collect data were questionnaire sheets and test question sheets. Data analysis techniques use qualitative descriptive analysis, quantitative descriptive analysis and inferential statistics. The research results, namely the results of assessments from learning material experts, learning media experts, and learning experts, received a score of 98%, resulting in very good qualifications. The assessment results the students gave received a score of 93.55%, resulting in very good qualifications. The t-test results showed a significant difference in increasing understanding of prayer between the experimental class group and the control class group. It was concluded that Islamic picture story learning media based on audio and visuals effectively increased elementary school students' understanding of prayer.The implication of this research is that the media developed can be used in learning.
Who Avoids More? A Cross-country Evidence of Economic Policy Uncertainty and Tax Avoidance

Tax avoidance is a complex problem faced by governments in both developed and developing countries. This study aims to examine the effect of Uncertainty of Economic Policy (EPU) on tax avoidance and see the tendency of higher tax avoidance practices based on the level of the country's economy. This research uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory method. The study sample consisted of 21 purposively selected countries. Data was collected between 1997 and 2015. The data collection method is carried out through secondary data collection from various relevant sources, such as the UNU-WIDER Government Revenue Dataset 2021 and the EPU index of related studies. Data analysis was performed using panel data regression techniques with the help of Eviews 9 software. The results of the analysis showed a significant negative influence between EPU and tax avoidance. In addition, it was also found that developed countries have higher rates of tax avoidance than developing countries. This research provides new understanding for tax authorities in dealing with EPU in order to formulate appropriate policies to reduce tax avoidance practices. The implication of this study is the need for more effective preventive and regulatory measures in tackling tax avoidance in various countries.
Embers of the Past: Early Childhood Traumas Interact with Variation in P2RX7 Gene Implicated in Neuroinflammation on Markers of Current Suicide Risk

Both early childhood traumatic experiences and current stress increase the risk of suicidal behaviour, in which immune activation might play a role. Previous research suggests an association between mood disorders and P2RX7 gene encoding P2X7 receptors, which stimulate neuroinflammation. We investigated the effect of P2RX7 variation in interaction with early childhood adversities and traumas and recent stressors on lifetime suicide attempts and current suicide risk markers. Overall, 1644 participants completed questionnaires assessing childhood adversities, recent negative life events, and provided information about previous suicide attempts and current suicide risk-related markers, including thoughts of ending their life, death, and hopelessness. Subjects were genotyped for 681 SNPs in the P2RX7 gene, 335 of which passed quality control and were entered into logistic and linear regression models, followed by a clumping procedure to identify clumps of SNPs with a significant main and interaction effect. We identified two significant clumps with a main effect on current suicidal ideation with top SNPs rs641940 and rs1653613. In interaction with childhood trauma, we identified a clump with top SNP psy_rs11615992 and another clump on hopelessness containing rs78473339 as index SNP. Our results suggest that P2RX7 variation may mediate the effect of early childhood adversities and traumas on later emergence of suicide risk.
Measures for Identifying Malnutrition in Geriatric Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review

Malnutrition is a common condition in geriatric rehabilitation settings; however, the accuracy and predictive validity of the measures to identify malnutrition have not been established. The current scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute’s evidence synthesis manual and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. Literature published through September 2023 was searched using MEDLINE and CINAHL. The inclusion criteria selected studies reporting malnutrition measures, which include static body weight and weight loss. Identified tools were classified as nutritional screening tools, nutritional assessment tools, or diagnostic criteria. The domains of each tool/criterion and their accuracy and predictive validity were extracted. Fifty-six articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and six nutritional screening tools, three nutritional assessment tools, and three diagnostic criteria for malnutrition were identified. These measures consisted of various phenotypes, e.g., weight loss, causes such as inflammation/disease, and risk factors of malnutrition, e.g., functional impairment. The predictive validity of nutritional screening tools (n = 6) and malnutrition diagnostic criteria (n = 5) were inconsistently reported, whereas those for nutritional assessment tools were scarce (n = 1). These findings highlight the need to distinguish the functional impairment of nutritional origin from that of non-nutritional origin in nutritional assessment procedures, and the need to study the accuracy and the predictive validity of these measures in geriatric rehabilitation patients.
Fintech Adoption and its Impact on Sustainability: Risk Benefit Analysis of an Emerging Economy

This study aims to analyze how the six variables, such as perceived legal risk, perceived performance risk, perceived cyber risk, perceived financial risk, perceived economic benefit, ease of use, and monetary benefit affects the adoption of financial technology, with the moderating effect of gender and education. Additionally, it explores the impact of Fintech adoption on economic, environmental, and social sustainability of Pakistan. For this purpose, a quantitative research approach has been employed by using a well-designed questionnaire. Moreover, the sample size of 312 was considered and the responses were collected through Google forms. The data collected was then analyzed using SPSS. The study’s findings revealed that the perception of the advantages of using fintech has a positive impact on its adoption. The perception of risk has a negative impact, however, this impact is much lesser than the benefits. Risk perception negatively impacts sustainability while benefits perception impacts sustainability positively. Thus, this study can provide policymakers in emerging economies with valuable insights into the perceived risks and benefits of Fintech adoption for sustainable development. This study gives insight to the practitioners and researchers on how perceived risk and benefit can impact Fintech adoption and how its adoption, in turn, impacts sustainability. The research can contribute to informed policy decisions, support the development of robust regulatory frameworks, advance knowledge, and promote inclusive growth in emerging economies.
Vocal performance of one affects that of another

The trill elements of many bird species’ songs have been hypothesized as honest signals of performance. However, the breadth of receiver responses to variation in the signaller’s trill performance is unknown. We exposed wild male Lincoln’s sparrows (Melospiza lincolnii) to two song treatments, one with low- and another with high-performance trills. We found no effect of treatment on measures of agonistic behaviour and song length. However, relative to the subjects’ trills following the high-performance treatment, those following the low-performance treatment were elevated in performance due to trill types with high frequency bandwidth in the third trill of songs. Treatment also affected trill duration through its syllable count in a manner that varied by the song’s trill number. Thus, the performance of a signal to which a receiver is exposed drives plasticity in his own performance in sequence-specific manner. Males may showcase their own performance in the presence of lower-performing rivals.
Accelerated Brain Atrophy, Microstructural Decline and Connectopathy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has recently been linked to cognitive impairment. We hypothesized that AMD modifies the brain aging trajectory, and we conducted a longitudinal diffusion MRI study on 40 participants (20 with AMD and 20 controls) to reveal the location, extent, and dynamics of AMD-related brain changes. Voxel-based analyses at the first visit identified reduced volume in AMD participants in the cuneate gyrus, associated with vision, and the temporal and bilateral cingulate gyrus, linked to higher cognition and memory. The second visit occurred 2 years after the first and revealed that AMD participants had reduced cingulate and superior frontal gyrus volumes, as well as lower fractional anisotropy (FA) for the bilateral occipital lobe, including the visual and the superior frontal cortex. We detected faster rates of volume and FA reduction in AMD participants in the left temporal cortex. We identified inter-lingual and lingual–cerebellar connections as important differentiators in AMD participants. Bundle analyses revealed that the lingual gyrus had a lower streamline length in the AMD participants at the first visit, indicating a connection between retinal and brain health. FA differences in select inter-lingual and lingual cerebellar bundles at the second visit showed downstream effects of vision loss. Our analyses revealed widespread changes in AMD participants, beyond brain networks directly involved in vision processing.
Utilizing Cymbopogon Proximus Grass Extract for Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanorod Needles in Dye Degradation Studies

This study successfully synthesized zinc oxide nanorod needles (ZnO-NRNs) using an environmentally friendly method employing Cymbopogon Proximus extract. The resulting ZnO-NRNs exhibited exceptional physicochemical and structural properties, confirmed through various characterization techniques, including UV-Vis spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The analysis revealed a hexagonal wurtzite structure with high crystallinity, a 3.6 eV band gap, and a notably blue-shifted absorption band. ZnO-NRNs showed impressive photocatalytic activity, degrading Rhodamine B dye by 97% under UV and visible sunlight, highlighting their photostability and reusability. This green synthesis process offers cost effectiveness and environmental sustainability for practical applications.
Micro-macro approach of dilatancy phenomenon in remoulded clays - Study of the behaviour under saturated and unsaturated conditions

La nature complexe de l'argile a amene les chercheurs a s’interesser a ses comportements mecaniques et microstructure. L'objectif de cette recherche est d'etudier l'influence des chemins de contrainte triaxiaux sur le comportement mecanique et sur les mecanismes qui se produisent au niveau microstructural. L’etude est realisee en considerant a un niveau de contrainte donne, le phenomene de dilatance est approche suivant des chemins de contraintes differents. Dans un deuxieme temps, l’etude se porte sur l’influence de la succion sur le comportement. Pour les argiles remaniees saturees, le comportement dilatant a un niveau de contrainte donne, atteint par deux chemins de contrainte differents a ete finement analyse. L’influence du niveau de contrainte a ete egalement abordee dans le cadre de cette etude. L’analyse microstructurale a ete analysee a differentes echelles au moyen de differentes methodes. Au niveau macroscopique, les resultats ont montre que, pour un niveau de contrainte donne, le comportement volumetrique est fonction du chemin de contrainte. La dilatance est activee dans le cas d’argiles surconsolidees principalement lorsque le chargement est purement deviatorique. Au niveau microscopique, les resultats mettent en evidence cinq modes d’orientation des particules qui pourraient etre actives sous chargement triaxial. Les resultats revelent que l’apparition de la dilatance dans les argiles remaniees fortement surconsolidees peut etre attribuee a l'arrangement tortueux des particules d'argile, l'ouverture des micropores ainsi que la formation et l’ouverture de fissures mesoscopiques. Pour les argiles remaniees non saturees, les etudes sont realises par les essais macroscopiques et mesoscopiques sur l'argile Kaolin K13 et un melange kaolinite-montmorillonite. L’evolution des succions a ete mesuree au moyen d’hygrometres places dans les extremites superieure et inferieure d’echantillon. Les resultats demontrent que la contrainte deviatorique d’argile non saturee, lorsque la succion est forte, commence par augmenter jusqu'a un sommet puis diminue pour rejoindre une valeur residuelle. La resistance au cisaillement d’argile non saturee augmente generalement avec la contrainte moyenne et la succion. Cependant, dans nos essais a succion tres elevee le developpement d’une fissuration lors du sechage a conduit a perdre l’homogeneite du materiau et a reduire la resistance au cisaillement de l’eprouvette
When Structure Meets Personality: How Duality and Social Dominance Affect The Short Vs Long Term Focus of the CEO

This study incorporates executive personality research into the study of CEO duality. Specifically, we propose that the effect of CEO duality on strategic decision making will depend on the CEO's level of social dominance. As CEO social dominance increases, CEO duality is associated with higher long-term perspective than CEO-Chair separation. Our research supports this theory by developing a unique measure of CEO social dominance through the use of pre-trained machine learning models. The results of our study indicate general support for our model in terms of long-term compensation, and R&D intensity. Thus, this study highlights the need to consider CEO personality when studying the effect of CEO duality on strategic decision making
Meta-modeling the effects of anodal left prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation on working memory performance

Abstract Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of anodal prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory. However, a large variability exists in the applied tDCS parameters and working memory outcome measures. Using a meta-modeling approach, we investigated the relationship between tDCS electric fields in the left prefrontal cortex and improvements in working memory performance. Using this approach, a vector of outcome measures is correlated with the tDCS-related electric fields across several studies. These performance-electric field correlations (PEC) are calculated for each spatial location of the grey matter. Extracting 354 data points from 67 studies, we compared the spatial maps of tDCS effects on I) working memory accuracy and speed (regardless of working memory type and time of assessment), II) verbal and visuospatial working memory (regardless of performance measurement and time of assessment), and III) performance during and after stimulation (regardless of performance measurement and working memory type). We found that accuracy improves when anodal tDCS is applied to inferior frontal regions (Brodmann area 47) while working memory speed benefits from stimulation to dorsolateral and anterior prefrontal areas (Brodmann areas 9/10). Furthermore, the beneficial effects of left prefrontal tDCS are exclusive to verbal working memory, with no improvements in visuospatial working memory. We also observed region-specific effects only for task performance during, but not after, stimulation. The results of this study elucidate the causal involvement of prefrontal regions in working memory and can help guide tDCS placement for therapeutic application in disorders that involve working memory deficits.
ANÁLISE MORFOLÓGICA DA ESTRUTURA CIRCULAR DE SÃO MIGUEL DO TAPUIO, PIAUÍ - BRASIL

A estrutura circular de Sao Miguel do Tapuio (ECSMT) corresponde a uma das maiores do genero registrada em rochas sedimentares fanerozoicas da Bacia do Parnaiba, Estado do Piaui, Brasil. As pesquisas considerando a genese da ECSMT dividem-se entre uma origem endogena e uma atraves de impacto meteoritico. No presente estudo foram realizados trabalhos envolvendo o estagio do conhecimento atual, campo e laboratoriais (sensoriamento remoto). Os trabalhos de sensoriamento serviram para delinear a configuracao morfologica superficial, o diâmetro total e compartimentos, bem como o padrao multidirecional e alta densidade dos lineamentos no interior da estrutura. Puderam ser definidas unidades morfoestruturais como a borda externa, o anel intermediario, a depressao anelar e um alto topografico central. Os trabalhos de campo evidenciaram uma intensidade de metamorfismo termal variavel observado nos arenitos interiores a ECSMT. Da borda para o centro observa-se nitido aumento no grau de metamorfismo nos arenitos, caracterizando metarenitos intensamente recristalizados e consolidados no entorno do centro da estrutura. Finalizando, a caracterizacao morfologica superficial e a assinatura geometrica obtida para a ECSMT sao semelhantes e condizentes com varias estruturas de impacto do tipo complexa (presenca de um nucleo soerguido). Somado a estes fatos temos a presenca de estruturas deformacionais macro e microscopicas (mesmo que nao conclusivas de choque) nos arenitos que compoem a estrutura, alem da nao ocorrencia de registro e evidencias igneas que justificariam o metamorfismo termal observado, conferindo-lhe uma provavel genese por impacto meteoritico.
Investigation on the Attitude of Middle School Students with Depression in the City Toward Professional Psychological Help-Seeking

Background Many middle school students are depressed due to pressure from family, study, life, and communication. With the increasing depression of middle school students, professional psychological counseling institutions have also become more numerous. Therefore, students need to be guided to correctly recognize difficulties and seek professional psychological assistance. Aim We aimed to investigate the depression status of middle school students in the city and analyze their attitude towards professional psychological help-seeking. Methods A total of 2485 students from two classes of each grade from six middle schools in the city were randomly selected as the research objects. They were subjected to answer the general questionnaire and professional psychological help-seeking attitude questionnaire to analyze their depression status, psychological help-seeking status, and attitude towards professional psychological help-seeking. Results 2485 questionnaires were distributed, and 2205 valid questionnaires were returned. A total of 791 (35.9%) of students had depressive symptoms. The detection rate and depression scores in girls were significantly higher than in boys, and the detection rate in junior high school students in the city was notably higher than in high school students and students from rural areas (P<0.05). Only 31 (3.9%) middle school students with depressive symptoms have sought professional psychological help. The scores of self-cognition, stigma tolerance, interpersonal openness, and trust scores of middle school students with depressive symptoms in help-seeking attitude were significantly lower than those of normal students, while self-stigma scores were significantly higher in those with depressive symptoms (P<0.001). Conclusion Middle school students in the city with depression have a poor attitude towards professional psychological help-seeking. Educators should positively and correctly guide depressed middle school students to seek professional psychological assistance when they need help.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF ABACAVIR SULPHATE MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL FILMS

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of abacavir sulphate mucoadhesive buccal films in vivo. Methods: Abacavir sulphate mucoadhesive buccal films were developed using the solvent casting method and the prepared buccal films were evaluated for qualitative and quantitative parameters. Pharmacokinetic parameters (maximum plasma concentration [Cmax], maximum plasma concentration [Tmax], area under the curve [AUC], and biological half-life [t1/2]) were evaluated in vivo using healthy albino white rabbits. The blood samples were collected evaluated and the results were compared with Ziagen a reference standard. The Modern Version 6 software and the pharmacokinetic function (Microsoft Excel add-in) applications were used to conduct the statistical study. Results: The abacavir sulphate mucoadhesive buccal films were prepared successfully and the evaluated qualitative and quantitative parameters were within in the acceptable range. The results of the study stated that Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-α, and t1/2 of abacavir sulphate mucoadhesive buccal film were found to be 93.86 ng/ml, 8 h, 1652.21 ng/ml×h, 2939.76 ng/ml×h, and 17.96 h, respectively. These results were comparable with the reference standard. Conclusion: The overall absorption of abacavir sulphate was more in the test formulation with respect to the reference product at the same dose. Hence the study concludes that abacavir sulphate mucoadhesive buccal films achieved prolonged muchoadhesion and improved bioavailability compared to the conventional formulation.
Co-Precipitation of Metal Oxalates from Organic Leach Solution Derived from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs)

Recent studies in hydrometallurgy are focused on developing eco-friendly and selective leach agents such as organic acids. These agents can extract metal ions, which are usually separated through precipitation methods. When traditional methods are used, the separation is complex and time-consuming, and each metal cation is required to be isolated separately. Moreover, extracted metal salts are subsequently recombined in the regeneration of cathode materials. To simplify this, a novel simultaneous precipitation approach has been developed, allowing the separation of metal salts that can directly contribute to regenerating novel cathode materials, bypassing the need for separate isolation. This study aimed to recover cobalt, nickel, and manganese from the organic leach solution of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) through co-precipitation of metal oxalates. The investigation includes the selection of organic acids and the best parameters for the leaching process, as well as testing different molar ratios of the metals M2+ (M = Co, Ni, Mn) to oxalic acid (1:3, 1:4.5, 1:6, and 1:7.5) to examine the effects of the precipitating agent on the recovery percentages of the metals. The findings indicate that 2 M citric acid and 4 vol% H2O2 is the optimal parameter in the leaching process. Meanwhile, in the co-precipitation process, an increase in the molar ratio leads to a corresponding rise in the resulting metal recoveries. At the ratio of 1:7.5, cobalt, nickel, and manganese were recovered to the extent of 99.26%, 98.93%, and 94.01%, respectively. Nevertheless, at the increased molar ratio, the co-extraction of lithium and aluminum was observed, resulting in reduced selectivity and decreased precipitate purity.