Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Graduate’s Perceptions of Employment in Micro-Small Businesses in Ghana

The government of Ghana is seeking solutions to reduce the graduate unemployment rates and the growing graduates underutilization problem. It is also believed that more micro-small businesses should recruit graduates because the micro-small business constitutes 90% of businesses registered in Ghana according the Register-General department. The purpose of this study is to assess unemployed gradu ates’ perceptions towards employment opportunities within micro -small businesses. A questionnaire survey was chosen as the most appropriate design for this investigation, with a stratified sampling being used to select respondents. The data was analyzed using SPSS. The results indicated that there is no collaboration between micro-small businesses & the university, as well as the preference of graduates is to seek employment in large establishment. The findings can serve as a basis for policy makers to understand graduate perceptions on micro – small business.
In ﬂ uence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study

Background: Limited studies have been published so far, which revealed the association of different types of smokeless tobacco on various periodontal health indicators, including mobility and furcation, on North Indian population. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the effects of commonly used smokeless tobacco forms on periodontal health in Lucknow, North India. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of commonly used smokeless tobacco on periodontal health in local population of Lucknow, for which 2045 individuals were evaluated. Amongst them, 1069 individuals were found to be using some kind of tobacco; amongst the tobacco users, n =122 were smokers, n =657 were only using only smokeless tobacco and n =290 were using both smokeless tobacco as well as tobacco in smoking form. After completing the questionnaire, all the participants underwent clinical examination for the various clinical parameters. Results: The impact of smokeless form of tobacco use was signi ﬁ cantly higher on all the periodontal health indicators, viz., plaque index, gingival index, calculus, clinical attachment loss, gingival recession, mobility, furcation, lesion, and probing pocket depth. Both duration and frequency of smokeless tobacco use signi ﬁ cantly affected the periodontal health. Conclusion: The periodontal health of the general population in the region required immediate attention as majority of subjects irrespective of their habit status had onset of clinical attachment loss and gingival recession, more so amongst the smokeless tobacco users than smoking form of tobacco as well as than from non-tobacco users.
Principles of Lightning Physics

Introduction to the Kinetics of Glow Discharges: Ionization in the electric field and the first Townsend coefficient C Yuan, A A Kudryavtsev and V I Demidov Ionization and Ion Transport: Gaseous ionization processes D B Go Effect of Stray Carriers on the Separation of Electron and Hole Traps in TSC Tadashi Fukase, Heng-Yong Nie and Yasuo Nannichi On the physical meaning of the molecular point group Alexander V Burenin New mass spectrometer solid source arrangement for the simultaneous analysis of two samples H Patterson and H W Wilson High resolution kinetic energy release spectra and angular distributions S Voss, A S Alnaser, X-M Tong et al. Two-dimensional hybrid model for a glow discharge: comparison with fluid and kinetic (particle) models, reliability and accuracy E Eylenceolu and I Rafatov Free electrons bring promise of new laser
A model to assess the relationship between management opportunism and auditor reaction. Simulation on financial restatements and on a sample of Brazilian companies listed on NYSE

Ciurdas 1  Abstract Purpose – The objective of the paper is to investigate whether managers behave opportunistically by manipulating earnings and whether financial restatements, required by the auditors from the auditees, have the potential to decrease management opportunism. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical approach undertaken uses a self-constructed model in order to detect the influence of financial restatements on discretionary accruals and to observe possible earnings management practices, considering financial restatements as the explanatory variable. Findings – The values computed for discretionary accruals confirm the existence of earnings management and suggest possible management bias in accounting estimates and other accounting policies. Originality/value – This study provides a tool for overcoming deficiencies in relation to accounting estimates and other accounting policies in the auditing process, by assessing the relationship between management opportunism and auditors’ reactions using
Title: The loyalty of young residents in an island destination: an integrated model. ABSTRACT: In this paper, the factors that influence the loyalty of young residents as tourists in their home

: In this paper, the factors that influence the loyalty of young residents as tourists in their home destination are investigated in the context of internal tourism. The interest in studying the loyalty of this population segment (young residents) stems from their consumption potential, their influence, and for the triple role they can play as tourists in the destination, as residents in the destination and even as collaborators with local tourism companies. The setting for this study is one of growing internal or domestic tourism in a destination made up of islands, the Canary Islands (Spain). The importance of this kind of research for island destinations arises from the negative impacts of tourism that island destinations suffer more than others, and often with negative repercussions on loyalty. This paper studies the role of tourism companies, the product, the place and the young residents themselves in the formation of loyalty. A sample of 678 young residents from The Canary Islands responded to an ad hoc questionnaire of 22 items. The descriptive analysis highlights that young residents value to varying degrees all the variables included in the model (tourism companies, place, product and tourist variables). The discriminant analysis shows that there are no significant differences in the perceptions of young residents according to sex, island of residence or the number of trips made in the destination, which confirms the generational nature of the study and the possibility of extrapolating the results. Using the causal model proposed, the formation of loyalty among young residents is explained. In this model, the variables related to the company and the product hardly influence loyalty formation among young residents when these variables are integrated into the same model with variables of place (identity, attachment and familiarity). Whereas the latter are variables that initiate the chain of effects that culminates in the formation of satisfaction and loyalty among tourists, relegating company and product variables to the background.
EFEKTIVITAS KEGIATAN PENGERUKAN SEDIMEN WADUK BILI-BILI DITINJAU DARI NILAI EKONOMI

Abstrak : Waduk Bili-Bili direncanakan dengan usia guna efektif 50 tahun. Saat ini masih tersisa umur efektif 31 tahun berdasarkan kapasitas tampungan mati. Pada studi ini dilakukan beberapa analisis, yaitu analisis sedimentasi waduk, analisis penanganan sedimen, analisis manfaat ekonomi air waduk yang berupa manfaat dari air baku, PLTA, dan irigasi, analisis ekonomi serta analisis efektifitas kegiatan pengerukan berdasarkan empat simulasi alternatif waktu pengerukan sedimen dan peggunaan kapal keruk yang direncanakan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa alternatif eksisting dapat meningkatkan usia guna 5 tahun menjadi 36 tahun, dengan nilai IRR 12,460 sedangkan alternatif 1 dapat meningkatan usia guna 6 tahun menjadi 37 tahun dengan nilai IRR 11,667, sedangkan alternatif 2 dapat meningkatkan usia guna 10 tahun menjadi 41 tahun dengan nilai IRR 9,836 sedangkan alternatif 3 dapat meningkatkan usia guna 15 tahun menjadi 46 tahun dengan nilai IRR sebesar 9,236%. Kata Kunci : Waduk Bili-Bili, Sedimentasi Waduk, Pengerukan Sedimen, Analisis Ekonomi. Abstract : Bili-Bili reservoirs was planned effective life design for 50 years. In this study made several analysis, that are the analysis of reservoir sedimentation, sediment handling, economic benefits of water reservoirs, benefits from hydropower, irrigation, and the effectiveness of dredging. The activities of dredging was planned simulation time and dredger addition. The analysis showed that the existing alternative can increase the life desgin of reservoir up to 5 years being 36 years and it’s have 12,460 IRR value , the first alternative can increase the useful life of reservoir up to 6 years being 37 years and it’s have 11,667 IRR value, the second alternative can increase the useful life of reservoir up to 10 years being 41 years and it’s have 9,836 IRR value, the third alternative can increase the useful life of reservoir up to 15 years being 46 years and it’s have 9,236 IRR value. Keywords : Bili-Bili Reservoir, Sedimentation of Reservoir, Dredging Sediment, Reservoir economic analysis.
Quantitative Analysis of ( (cid:1) )- N - 11 C-Propyl-Norapomorphine In Vivo Binding in Nonhuman Primates

( (cid:1) )- N - 11 C-propyl-norapomorphine ( 11 C-NPA) is a new dopamine agonist PET radiotracer that holds potential for imaging the high-afﬁnity states of dopamine D 2 -like receptors in the living brain. The goal of this study was to develop and evaluate analytic strategies to derive in vivo 11 C-NPA binding parameters. Methods: Two baboons were scanned 4 times after 11 C-NPA injections. The metabolite-corrected arterial input func-tions were measured. Regional brain time–activity curves were analyzed with kinetic and graphical analyses, using the arterial time–activity curve as the input function. Data were also analyzed with the simpliﬁed reference-tissue model (SRTM) and graphical analysis with reference-region input. Results: 11 C-NPA exhibited moderately fast metabolism, with 31% (cid:2) 5% of arterial plasma concentration corresponding to the parent compound at 40 min after injection. Plasma clearance was 29 (cid:2) 1 L/h, and plasma free fraction (f 1 ) was 5% (cid:2) 1%. For kinetic analysis, a 1-tissue compartment model (1TCM) provided a good ﬁt to the data and more robust derivations of the tissue distribution volumes (V T , in mL/g) than a 2-tissue compartment model (2TCM). Using 1TCM, V T s in the cerebellum and striatum were 3.4 (cid:2) 0.4 and 7.5 (cid:2) 2 mL/g, respectively, which led to estimates of striatal binding potential (BP) of 4.0 (cid:2) 1.1 mL/g and striatal equilibrium speciﬁc-to-nonspeciﬁc partition coefﬁcient (V 3 (cid:3) ) of 1.2 (cid:2) 0.2. V T values derived with graphical analysis were well correlated with but slightly lower than V T values derived with kinetic analysis. V 3 (cid:3) values derived with SRTM were well correlated with but slightly higher than V 3 (cid:3) values derived with kinetic analysis. Using any method, a signiﬁcant difference was detected in BP and V 3 (cid:3) values between the 2 animals. It was determined that 30 min of scanning data were sufﬁcient to derive V 3 (cid:3) values using kinetic, graphical (arterial input and reference-region input), and SRTM analyses. Conclusion: This study indicates that 11 C-NPA is a suitable PET tracer to quantify the agonist high-afﬁnity sites of D 2 -like receptors. average normalized (cid:3)
Managing service capacity under uncertainty

ing away from the specific issues at this firm, some general insights that emerge from this analysis include the following: • Variability: call arrival patterns are much more volatile than the models in the literature assume. Explicitly considering this variability has a material impact. • Seasonality: the seasonality of call patterns on many call types is very significant and significantly effects cost of service delivery. • Individual Learning: the rate of learning by individual agents in this application is substantial and has very significant impacts on operations. • A Little Flexibility Goes a Long Way: throughout this analysis I find that limited flexibility can lead to significant improvement. A few part time agents achieve most of the benefit of universal part timers. Similarly, cross training a few agents give most of the benefit of cross training all of them.
Informal Loan Demand and Repayment Potential of Farmers in Ohafia Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria

The study analyzed informal loan demand and repayment potential of farmers in Ohafia Local Government Area of Abia State with specific focus to: describe socio-economic characteristics of farmers who procure loan from informal financial sources; examine amount of credit demanded by farmers, vis-à-vis disbursement and repayment in informal credit institutions; determine factors influencing informal loan repayment in the study area; determine loan repayment potentials of farmers; identify problems encountered by farmers in their demand for informal credit. Multistage random sampling technique was adopted in the selection of 120 informal farmer borrowers from whom data were elicited using semi structured and pretested questionnaire. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics, ordinary least square (OLS) multiple regression analysis and discriminant function analysis. The first result of the OLS multiple regression analysis showed that amount of informal credit demanded was significantly influenced by years of borrowing, interest rate, household size and age. The second OLS multiple regression analysis result revealed that amount of informal loan repaid was significantly influenced by gender, distance between home and source of credit, household size, interest rate and farm income. The result of the discriminant function analysis revealed that education, farming experience, farm income, distance between home and loan source, gender and farm size made positive contribution to the total discriminant score, while, age, loan period and amount borrowed contributed negatively. It was observed that majority (85.0%) of the farmers faced problem of high interest rate as a constraint to informal credit demand in the study area. The study recommended that the problem of high interest rate of informal credit institutions should be addressed by the government. This will enable the indigent farmers to access and patronize informal credit institutions available to them.
WIDER Working Paper 2017/127 Polygamy and female labour supply in Senegal

: In this paper, we explore the links between polygyny and female labour supply in Senegal using a nationally representative survey. In a reduced-form approach, we first measure the impact of polygyny on participation using a joint model of spouse participation. The identification of the impact of polygyny relies on the use of district-level variables as instruments. We find a positive impact of polygyny on female labour force participation. Turning to a structural approach based on the collective household model, we examine the possibility that men within couples use polygyny as a threat to influence the distribution of resources in their favour. The results are less conclusive regarding the role played by the risk of polygyny as an effective distribution factor.
On the Hygroscopic Nuclei in the Cloud Droplets

Applying the isopiestic method to the mass determination of hygroscopic nuclei in cloud droplets, we found that the isopiestic method can produce a satisfactory result when a 10% NaC1 solution is used as a vapor-pressure controlling solution. We sampled the nuclei from layer-type warm clouds at the 7.8 GOme (3,400 m) of Mt. Fuji during June 20th to 28th in 1967. We determined the nucleus mass by the isopiestic method for 1318 cloud droplets. The nucleus masses of the cloud droplets were almost the order of 10-14-10-12 gm, and the number of nuclei with weight over 8 X 10-" gm (dtection limit)' was 27% of all the droplets. The relation between the size of the cloud droplet and the nucleus mass was not found in the early stage of droplet growth, but a high correlation was found in the later stage; that is, the larger droplets contain lamer hvzroscopic nuclei.
Modeling and simulation of multi-fluid systems. Applications to blood flows

In this work, we develop a framework dedicated to the simulation of multi-fluid systems. We present validations and verifications of these methods on interface capture problems and viscous bubbles simulations.We then show that this framework is well fitted for the simulation of the rigid bodies flow.Next, we extend these methods to the simulation of deformable objects reproducing the behavior of red blood cells: the vesicles. We also validate these simulations.Finally, we apply the previous models to open micro-fluidic problems such as the splitting of a suspension at a bifurcation and the rheology in a confined environment.
Protein Kinase C Signaling Regulates ZO-1 Translocation and Increased Paracellular Flux of T84 Colonocytes Exposed to Clostridium difficile Toxin A*

Clostridium difficile toxin A increases paracellular permeability in colonic epithelial T84 cells by mecha-nisms involving RhoA glucosylation and actin depolymerization. However, we previously observed that toxin A-mediated decline in transepithelial electrical resistance preceded changes in cell morphology and tight junction ultrastructure (Hecht, G., Pothoulakis, C., LaMont, J. T., and Madara, J. L. (1988) J. Clin. Invest. 82, 1516–1524). Recent studies also showed that C. difficile toxins induce early cellular responses, including activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, generation of reactive oxygen metabolites, and calcium influx. The aim of this study was to investigate whether toxin A-in-duced early cellular responses contribute to the permeability changes. We found that toxin A stimulated the activities of membrane and cytosolic protein kinase C (cid:1) (PKC (cid:1) ) and cytosolic PKC (cid:2) . A specific PKC (cid:1) / (cid:2) antagonist (myristoylated PKC (cid:1) / (cid:2) peptide) blocked toxin A-mediated RhoA glucosylation. Furthermore, decreased transepithelial electrical resistance and increased translocation of ZO-1 from tight junction occurred within 2–3 h of toxin A exposure and were also inhibited by PKC (cid:1) Paracellular flux was by (cid:4) of F-12/Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing 0.2 mg/ml FITC-conjugated dextran ( M r (Molecular Probes, Inc., Eugene, OR) in the apical compartment with or without toxin A. basal chamber filled with 600 (cid:4) l of F-12/Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. Transepithelial flux dextran 3K apical to basal compartments was determined by measuring fluorescence in the basal compartment with a Wallac Victor 2 1420 multilabel counter (PerkinElmer Life Sciences). The concentration of FITC-dextran in the basal compartment was calculated from a standard curve, and apical to basal flux was expressed as pmol/h (cid:1) cm 2 Statistical significance was evaluated by paired Student’s t test.
Operations and aircraft design towards greener civil aviation using air-to-air refuelling

Summary As civil aviation expands, environmental aspects and fuel savings are becoming increasingly important. Amongst technologies proposed for more efficient flight, air-to-air refuelling (AAR), ‘hopping’ and flying in close formation (drag reduction), all have significant possibilities. It will be interesting to know also how these technologies may co-exist e.g. AAR and formation flying. In military use, AAR is virtually indispensable. Its benefits are real and largely proven in hostile and demanding scenarios. We present a case for applying AAR in a civil context to show that substantial reductions in fuel burn for long-range missions are achievable. Overall savings, including the fuel used during the tanker missions, would be of the order of 30-40% fuel and 35-40% financial. These are very significant in terms of the impact on aviation’s contribution to reducing atmospheric pollution. AAR allows smaller, efficient (greener) aircraft optimised for about 3,000nm range to fulfil long-range route requirements. This implies greater usage of smaller airports, relieving congestion and ATC demands on Hub airports. Problems due to shed vortices and wakes at airports are reduced. Smaller engines will be needed. Integrated (accepted) AAR could lead to further benefits. Aircraft could take-off ‘light’, with minimum fuel and reserves and a planned AAR a few minutes into the flight. The ‘light’ aircraft would not require over-rating of the engines during take-off and would therefore be less noisy during take-off and climb-out, permitting more acceptable night operations. The availability of civil AAR will enable opportunities for hitherto borderline technologies to be utilised in future aircraft. Laminar flow will provide fuel savings and increased efficiency in its own right but could be significantly enhanced within a civil AAR environment. Similarly, supersonic transport may become an acceptable economic option. AAR affords the possibility of a complete widening of the design space and this should appeal to the imagination of current and future designers.
The Intra- and Inter-task Effectiveness of Direct and Indirect Written Corrective Feedback

The last several decades have seen a continual growth of research on written corrective feedback (WCF) addressing the debate over whether and to what extent the learners’ improvement triggered by WCF can indicate second language acquisition (SLA). Also at issues are such pedagogical concerns as what types of WCF should be provided and what language errors WCF can effectively treat. To contribute to the current understanding of WCF, the present small-scale exploratory study investigates (a) whether direct and indirect WCF differently affect learners’ use of simple past tense in a picture-strip narrative writing; and (b) whether learners’ gains (or losses) can be transferred to an autobiographical writing exercise where WCF was not provided. Twelve low-intermediate EFL learners were randomly divided into a direct WCF group, an indirect WCF group, and a control group, to complete three test occasions, each of which consisted of an in-class and an out-of-class writing assignment. The results indicated that while direct WCF can effectively improve learners’ use of simple past tense in the same task, the gains are more likely to be transferred to a different writing text in the long run when learners receive indirect WCF. The Intra- and Inter-task Effectiveness of Direct and Indirect Written Corrective Feedback
Cortical stimulation on the left angular gyrus transiently disrupts addition and multiplication: two case studies.

Neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies strongly suggest engagement of the left angular gyrus (AG) in the efficient retrieval of verbal mathematical facts from memory. This retrieval is considered important in mental calculation taks that rely on mathematical facts, such as multiplication tables learned by heart and simple exact addition sums. Only few attempts have been made to perform corticostimulation on the AG to test this idea. The objective of this study was to infer whether temporarily disturbing the AG by corticostimulation disrupts simple exact addition and multiplication. We present two cases in which cortical stimulation of the AG transiently disrupts solving these type of sums. Stimulation of the superior parietal cortex and the occipital lobe did not reveal interference with addition and multiplication. These results are in line with the proposed function of the AG as important in calculation tasks that rely on the retrieval of mathematical facts. They also suggest the usefulness of cortical stimulation in elucidating the neural substrates of mental calculation.