Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Electrode Arrangements for Multilayer Soil Resistivity Measurements

This article presents for the first time the advantages of performing soil resistivity measurements with electrode arrangements different than in a straight-line. The obtained results evidence several benefits in common challenging field situations, such as producing longer traverses in a confined area, combining different measurement methodologies in a single traverse, and obtaining more measurement points than for a single array configuration.
Data Augmentation Using Virtual Microphone Array Synthesis and Multi-Resolution Feature Extraction for Isolated Word Dysarthric Speech Recognition

Dysarthria is a speech-motor disorder that affects the articulatory systems inhibiting their speech communication efforts. To handle their communication problems, a speech recognition-based augmentative and alternative communication aid is used as an attractive alternative. However, successful development of an automatic speech recognition (ASR)-based aid depends on the availability of sufficient speech data for training. Building an ASR system for dysarthric speakers is difficult due to limited amount of training data and large inter-and-intra speaker variabilities. Using normal speaker's speech data for data augmentation or adaptation for low intelligible dysarthric speakers would be extremely challenging due to huge variation in acoustic characteristics between these two category of speakers. In the current article, a two-level data augmentation is performed on dysarthric speech based on virtual linear microphone array-based synthesis followed by multi-resolution feature extraction. With the augmented speech data, an isolated word hybrid DNN-HMM-based ASR system is trained using UA speech corpus and Tamil dysarthric speech corpus developed by the authors. Performance of the ASR system shows a reduced WER of up to 32.79%, 35.75% for low and very low intelligible speakers with dysarthria compared to recent works on data augmentation reported for dysarthric speech recognition.
Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder in a child with albinism

Albinism is a congenital disorder characterized by complete or partial absence of pigments in the skin, eyes, and hair due to the absence or defective melanin production. As a result of that, there will be disruption seen in auditory pathways along with other areas. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to highlight the underlying auditory neural deficits seen in albinism and discuss the role of audiologist in these cases.
Massive Open Online Course Evaluation Methods: Systematic Review

Background Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have the potential to make a broader educational impact because many learners undertake these courses. Despite their reach, there is a lack of knowledge about which methods are used for evaluating these courses. Objective The aim of this review was to identify current MOOC evaluation methods to inform future study designs. Methods We systematically searched the following databases for studies published from January 2008 to October 2018: (1) Scopus, (2) Education Resources Information Center, (3) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) Xplore, (4) PubMed, (5) Web of Science, (6) British Education Index, and (7) Google Scholar search engine. Two reviewers independently screened the abstracts and titles of the studies. Published studies in the English language that evaluated MOOCs were included. The study design of the evaluations, the underlying motivation for the evaluation studies, data collection, and data analysis methods were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The quality of the included studies was appraised using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the National Institutes of Health—National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute quality assessment tool for cohort observational studies and for before-after (pre-post) studies with no control group. Results The initial search resulted in 3275 studies, and 33 eligible studies were included in this review. In total, 16 studies used a quantitative study design, 11 used a qualitative design, and 6 used a mixed methods study design. In all, 16 studies evaluated learner characteristics and behavior, and 20 studies evaluated learning outcomes and experiences. A total of 12 studies used 1 data source, 11 used 2 data sources, 7 used 3 data sources, 4 used 2 data sources, and 1 used 5 data sources. Overall, 3 studies used more than 3 data sources in their evaluation. In terms of the data analysis methods, quantitative methods were most prominent with descriptive and inferential statistics, which were the top 2 preferred methods. In all, 26 studies with a cross-sectional design had a low-quality assessment, whereas RCTs and quasi-experimental studies received a high-quality assessment. Conclusions The MOOC evaluation data collection and data analysis methods should be determined carefully on the basis of the aim of the evaluation. The MOOC evaluations are subject to bias, which could be reduced using pre-MOOC measures for comparison or by controlling for confounding variables. Future MOOC evaluations should consider using more diverse data sources and data analysis methods. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/12087
THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE CONTEXT IN CONTENT LEARNING

Abstract Prior research has found reduced emotionality with foreign language use, especially with single words, but what happens if emotionality is conveyed throughout a longer text? Does emotionality affect how well we remember and associate information, that is, content learning? We played participants descriptions of two invented countries and tested how well they remembered facts about these countries. Each participant listened to one positive and one neutral description, which was read either in their native language (Spanish) or in their foreign language (English). Participants remembered facts they heard in positive semantic contexts better than those learned in neutral semantic contexts and did better in their native than their foreign language. Importantly, there was no interaction between language and emotionality, suggesting that the previously reported decrease in emotionality in a foreign language might not extend to all areas of foreign language use.
Self-Compassion and Forgiveness: Major Predictors of Marital Satisfaction in Young Couples

Abstract This study examined self-compassion and forgiveness versus marital satisfaction in 200 couples aged 20-40 years, with a marriage history of 1-10 years. We collected the data, using the Enrich couple, self-compassion and family forgiveness scales. Pearson’s correlation and multiple regressions for women showed that marital satisfaction was associated with self-compassion; however, forgiveness predicted marital satisfaction in men. Self-compassion primarily and forgiveness, to a lesser extent, could predict marital satisfaction in the total samples. These variables were the predictors of marital satisfaction in the young couples. Family counselors should encourage couples to improve upon these attributes to enhance their marital relationships.
Dermatófitos em Brasília

Les auteurs analysent la prevalence des dermatophytes a travers le materiel obtenu de 2080 cultures positives isolees dans la periode de janvier 78 a decembre 82 dans la ville de Brasilia. La comparaison avec les etudes anterieures montre que dans cette periode il y a eu une predominance de Trichophyton rubrum beaucoup plus grande qu'avant (62%) sur les autres dermatophytes et que le T. tonsurans a subi une augmentation significative
Frequency of Infection after Extraction of Involved Third Molar in Mandibular Angle Fractures Treated with Rigid Fixation

Abstract Objective: To determine the frequency of post-ope-rative infection in patients with mandibular angle fra-ctures treated with rigid fixation after extraction of in-volved third molar. Materials and Methods: In a total of 100 patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular angle fractures in which involved third molar will be extracted were included from Depart-ment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mayo Hos-pital, Lahore. Procedure was performed by the same consultant and post operatively patients were assessed by two post graduate trainees who were trained previously to check Infection, on 1 st , 2 nd ,4 th and 6 th weeks post operatively. All the observations were entered on preformed proforma. Data was entered & analyzed by using SPSS version 10.0 Results: According to this study, the mean age of patients was 33.22 + 9.155 years. Minimum and maxi-mum age of patients was 18 years and 50 years with range of 32 years. There were 83 (83.0%) male pati-ents while only 17 (17%) female patients presented with mandibular angle fractures. The rate of infection at week 1 was higher [9 (9.0%) cases], but gradually decreased in next follow up. 8 (8.0%) at 2nd week, 7 (7.0%) at week 4 and only 6 (6.0%) in last follow up at week 6 after open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular angle fractures with extraction of third molar. Conclusion: The frequency of post-operative infection in patients with mandibular angle fractures treated with rigid fixation after extraction of third molar was 30% at different follow ups in which 9% patients had infection at first week, 8 patients had at 2 nd week, 7 patients had at 6th week and 6% patients presented with infection at last follow up. Overall the infection rate is lower in patients with mandibular angle fractu-res treated with rigid fixation after extraction of third molar. Key words: Angle mandibular fracture, third molar and maxillofacial infection.
An Observational Study to Compare Propofol with Midazolam plus Fentanyl Combination for Sedation in Gastrointestinal Endoscopies at Tertiary care Hospital in Katihar, Bihar

1 Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Katihar Medical College & Hospital, Karimbagh, Katihar, Bihar 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Gynaecology, Katihar Medical College & Hospital, Karimbagh, Katihar, Bihar Abstract Objective & Aim: In gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, Propofol has revolutionised sedation practices as it can be easily titrated and has a rapid recovery profile. This observational real-world study was initiated specially in patients who were undergoing GI endoscopy sedation to compare efficacy and safety of propofol with midazolam and fentanyl combination. Methods: 80 patients who are admired at Katihar medical College and hospital and scheduled for gastrointestinal endoscopy process were recruited for this real word observational study. Patients was divided in two groups which contains either Group A (propofol alone) or Group B (combination of midazolam plus fentanyl). Efficacy was measured by the parameters like depth of sedation (Ramsays sedation scale), time of onset of sedation, amnesia and early recovery of sedation (Modified Aldrete Score). Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were used to evaluate safety parameters. Adverse events like hypotension, hypoxia and bradycardia were recorded. For statistical analysis, PSPP software was used. Result: With a mean RSS of 4.9, A group patients were more deeply sedated compared to 3.2 of the B group. At ten minutes after the end of the procedure, full recovery (Aldrete score 10) was seen in 73.33% of the patients of the A group compared to 50% of the B group which was insignificant. Significant haemodynamic changes (hypotension) had observed in A group as compared to B group. Few statistically non-significant respiratory complications were seen in both the groups. Conclusion: Both the groups present with almost same efficacy and safe.
Community Participation In Basic Education Delivery In Primary Schools In Anambra State

The study ascertained information on community participation in basic education delivery in primary schools in Anambra State . Two research questions guided the study and two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 15,930 respondents made up of 1062 head-teachers and 14,868 School Based Management Committee (SBMC) representing the community members. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to sample 895 respondents made of 53 head-teachers and 742 SBMC members. A researcher-developed instrument titled ‘‘Community Participation in Basic Education Delivery Questionnaire (CPBEDQ)’’ was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts and the reliability of the instrument was ascertained using Cronbach alpha which yielded reliability co-efficient values of 0.75 and 0.82 for clusters I and II respectively and the overall coefficient of the entire instrument was 0.79. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses. The study found out among others that community participate in the provision of school infrastructure for basic education delivery in primary schools in Anambra Stat. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that headteachers and community members should organize monthly meeting to solicit funds to improve their participation in provision of school infrastructure by building classrooms, purchasing school bus, erecting assembly hall and provision of sanitary facilities.
Pengaruh Dana Alokasi Umum dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Terhadap Belanja Daerah

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh Dana Alokasi Umum dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah terhadap Belanja Daerah pada Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Jenis data yaitu data sekunder dari Laporan Realisasi Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) dari Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah meliputi data Laporan Realisasi Belanja Daerah, Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), dan Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU). Berdasarkan waktu, data yang digunakan time series periode 2013 sampai dengan periode 2016, diperoleh dari Statistik Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten/Kota, Badan Pusat Statistik Jawa Tengah. Populasi berjumlah 35 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam periode 2013-2016. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan saturation sampling (sampel jenuh) karena jumlah populasi yang masih dalam jangkauan penelitian yaitu sejumlah 29 Kabupaten dan 6 Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Analisis regresi merupakan metode analisis yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan Dana Alokasi Umum terhadap Belanja Daerah Tahun 2013-2016 (Studi pada Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah) sebesar 0.687 atau 68.7%. (2) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan Pendapatan Asli Daerah terhadap Belanja Daerah Tahun 2013-2016 (Studi pada Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah) sebesar 0.496 atau 49.6%. (3) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan Dana Alokasi Umum dan Pendapatan Asli daerah terhadap Belanja Daerah Tahun 2013-2016 (Studi pada Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah) sebesar 0.853 atau 85.3%.
An assessment of the policy gap in port selection of liner shipping companies

ABSTRACT This paper aims to assess the policy gap in port selection of liner shipping companies. Based on the operational features of liner shipping and relevant literature, the port selection factors (PSFs) of liner shipping companies are first investigated. An assessment model of the policy gap based on an improved ANP (Analytic Network Process) approach is then proposed to assess the perceived differences in PSFs between the shipping companies and port companies. As an empirical study, the liner shipping companies in Taiwan and the Taiwan International Port Company (TIPC) were carried out to validate the model. The results indicate the PSFs related to Cargo volume are more important than those related to Port charge. Moreover, currently, TIPC faces two significant gaps, including one negative gap, Labor disputes, and one positive gap, Numbers and frequency of trunk shipping. Based on the results, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
The role of lifestyle changes in low-emissions development strategies: an economy-wide assessment for Brazil

ABSTRACT Reconciling climate and socioeconomic goals is a significant challenge in the developing world. Improving living standards is imperative. However, if emerging middle-classes in developing countries mirror current western consumption patterns, the chances of stabilizing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at safe atmospheric concentration levels will undoubtedly be reduced. In this sense, the mitigation potential of changing consumption patterns has been increasingly acknowledged. A growing body of literature explores what new consumption patterns might look like, along with their potential contribution to reducing emissions. This paper simulates shifts in household behaviour using a macroeconomic framework. We apply a hybrid computable general equilibrium model with six representative household groups to simulate exploratory scenarios for the Brazilian economy up to 2050. In the reference scenario, household demand is defined by current trends and standards. Consumption patterns converge among income groups, leading to major increases in demand for energy, transportation, consumer goods and services, especially for poorer households. This scenario is contrasted with an alternative pathway in which households seek a less carbon-intensive lifestyle. Our results indicate that a major gap in consumption levels and associated emissions between the poorest and richest households persists in the long run. We also show that sustainable practices contribute to significantly reducing energy-related GHG emissions with minor variations in GDP, employment and income distribution. Key policy insights There is a comprehensive portfolio of consumer strategies that can contribute to lowering the GHG emissions intensity of consumption at the household level in Brazil. Through a dematerialized consumption profile, households can contribute to mitigating up to 17% of energy-related GHG emissions compared to a reference projection in 2050. Emissions reduction can be achieved with minor economic losses. Impacts on employment are less than on GDP, since there is a structural shift towards labour-intensive sectors, namely services. However, this comes at the expense of a rise in price levels, given that higher wages lead to an increase in production costs. Per capita emissions from energy use are significantly higher for wealthier households, compared to poorer ones. Therefore, the greatest opportunities for decarbonizing consumption reside in policy interventions that target upper income groups.
The Caring-related Problems Experienced by Family Caregivers of Patients With Breast Cancer: A Descriptive Study

Introduction: The diagnosis of cancer involves the patients, their caregivers, and families. Caregivers should obtain guidance from health care professionals to promote care facilities. The current study aimed at investigating the economic, socio-individual, informational, and psycho-spiritual problems of caregivers in post-treatment phase of breast cancer. Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted on 251 subjects using a ques- tionnaire consisted of demographic part and the caregivers’ difficulties. Answers were estimated based on a Likert scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Totally, 42% and 37% of participants were spouses and close relatives, re- spectively; 97%, 89%, and 74% of caregivers had psychological, economic, and spiri- tual problems, respectively. All of the caregivers had individual, emotional, physical, economic, and informational problems with care giving (P<0.0001). Significant rela- tionships were observed between the employee group and individual, emotional, infor- mational, and economic problems (P<0.0001). There were significant negative relation- ships between either of the occupational, educational, relationship, caregiving duration, and marital status with spiritual problems (P<0.0001). Significant correlation was ob- served between the duration of caring and the socio-individual, physical, informational and economic problems (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Although the current study reported insignificant relationships between the socio-individual, informational, and psycho-spiritual problems of caregivers and some demographic variables, related positive trends were observed. Future studies with powerful strategies are needed to alleviate the observed concerns.
Determining an Appropriate Parameter of Analytical Wake Models for Energy Capture and Layout Optimization on Wind Farms

The wake of a wind turbine is a crucial factor that decreases the output of downstream wind turbines and causes unsteady loading. Various wake models have been developed to understand it, ranging from simple ones to elaborate models that require long calculation times. However, selecting an appropriate wake model is difficult because each model has its advantages and disadvantages as well as distinct characteristics. Furthermore, determining the parameters of a given wake model is crucial because this affects the calculation results. In this study, a method was introduced of using the turbulence intensity, which can be measured onsite, to objectively define parameters that were previously set according to the subjective judgement of a wind farm designer or general recommended values. To reflect the environmental effects around a site, the turbulence intensity in each direction of the wind farm was considered for four types of analytical wake models: the Jensen, Frandsen, Larsen, and Jensen–Gaussian models. The prediction performances of the wake models for the power deficit and energy production of the wind turbines were compared to data collected from a wind farm. The results showed that the Jensen and Jensen–Gaussian models agreed more with the power deficit distribution of the downstream wind turbines than when the same general recommended parameters were applied in all directions. When applied to energy production, the maximum difference among the wake models was approximately 3%. Every wake model clearly showed the relative wake loss tendency of each wind turbine.
Cytogenetic and genomic assessment of selected lymphoproliferative disorders

We performed a multicentric study to assess the impact of two different culture procedures on the detection of chromosomal abnormalities in 217 consecutive unselected cases with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) referred for routine analysis either at the time of diagnosis (n = 172) or during disease evolution (n = 45). Parallel cultures of peripheral blood or bone marrow were set up with the addition of either the conventional B-cell mitogen 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or a combination of CpG oligonucleotide (CpG) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). Cytogenetic analyses were performed on both cultures. Clonal abnormalities were identified in 116 cases (53%). In 78 cases (36%), the aberrant clone was detected in both cultures. Among these, the percentages of aberrant metaphases were similar in both conditions in 17 cases, higher in the CpG/IL-2 culture in 43 cases, and higher in the TPA culture in 18 cases. Clonal aberrations were detected in only one culture, either in CpG/IL-2 or TPA in 33 (15%) and 5 (2%) cases, respectively. Taken together, abnormal karyotypes were observed in 51% with CpG/IL-2 and 38% with TPA (P < 0.0001). Application of FISH (n = 201) allowed the detection of abnormalities not visible by conventional cytogenetic analysis in 80 cases: del(13q) (n = 71), del(11q) (n = 5), +12 (n = 2), del(14q) (n = 1), and