Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Building an Integrated Information Platform for Eco-city

Building a liveable eco-city involves a great variety of aspects related to a city. The ultimate goal is to pursuit the harmonic development between humanity environment and physical condition. In order to construct an eco-city effectively, the government needs to understand and grasp the policies and pubic opinions, to learn and draw advanced technology and experience, and to alert and solve emergent accidents, events and situations. This requires the city administrators to be timely aware of as much as helpful, referential and valuable information, so that they could make the scientific judgment and the right decision. In this paper, we target to develop an integrated information support and service platform, Eco-Intelligence, to meet such diverse and complex information needs. The platform collects extensive information about eco-planning, eco-building, eco-environment and eco-economics etc., and deals with heterogeneous forms of information in a unified way, including text, audio, image and video. It further integrates advanced visualization techniques to promote information utilization, interaction as well as consumablity. Our Eco-Intelligence can offer powerful information support for local government to build an eco-city, and can also make a solid preparation on data and knowledge for eco-city research.
Next generation low stress plastic cavity package for sensor applications

MEMS inertial sensors are widely used in automotive safety systems. For example, accelerometers are used to detect crashes and gyroscopes are used to detect roll over events. One of the principal performance issues for these inertial sensors is the stability of the device output over temperature. The origin of the offset drift with temperature is the deformation of the MEMS structure that results from thermal strains. The sensors signal conditioning electronics process the thermal deformations just as they would deformations due to acceleration. Because the thermal strains are temperature dependent, the device output has temperature dependence. Several approaches have been developed to improve the device performance over temperature. These include modifying the design of the MEMS structure to reduce its susceptibility to thermal strains, the use of silicone gels to decouple the MEMS structure from the package stress, modifying the package design to reduce the package stress, and the use of electronic temperature dependent correction of the output. Many commercially available sensors use a combination of several of these approaches. One of the most straightforward approaches to improving sensor performance is to use a cavity package rather than an overmolded package. In an overmolded package, the entire sensor is encapsulated in the epoxy mold compound. In this case, there is significant coupling between the package and the sensor, so the thermal strains are readily transmitted to the senor. In a cavity package, they only mechanical connection between the sensor and the package is through the die attach. Thus, the package thermal strains cannot readily act on the device. Several cavity package technologies are available commercially. In the past, both ceramic and metal have been used for inertial sensor. They offered a very low stress package and excellent reliability. But these packages are no longer viable for high volume sensor manufacturing because their costs are too high. Another barrier to their use is that the vast majority of the semiconductor assembly infrastructure is used for transfer molded plastic packaging. What is needed is a low-cost cavity package for sensor applications. Pre-molded plastic cavity packages are ideal solution for application for stress sensitive inertial sensors. These packages have several features that make them ideal for the application: first, they are much lower cost than a ceramic or metal package of the same size; second, the packages can be molded onto a lead-frame in an array format that is compatible with standard transfer molded assembly lines. Thus, the cost of assembly for the packages can be very low. Finally, the packages are lead-free, which is an important environmental concern
A novel selective VPAC2 agonist peptide-conjugated chitosan modified selenium nanoparticles with enhanced anti-type 2 diabetes synergy effects

A novel neuroendocrine peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), was found to have an important role in carbohydrate or lipid metabolism and was susceptible to dipeptidyl peptidase IV degradation. It can not only mediate glucose-dependent insulin secretion and lower blood glucose by activating VPAC2 receptor, but also raise blood glucose by promoting glucagon production by VPAC1 receptor activation. Therefore, its therapeutic application is restricted by the exceedingly short-acting half-life and the stimulatory function for glycogenolysis. Herein, we generated novel peptide-conjugated selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs; named as SCD), comprising a 32-amino acid PACAP-derived peptide DBAYL that selectively binds to VPAC2, and chitosan-modified SeNPs (SeNPs-CTS, SC) as slow-release carrier. The circulating half-life of SCD is 14.12 h in mice, which is 168.4-and 7.1-fold longer than wild PACAP (~5 min) and DBAYL (~1.98 h), respectively. SCD (10 nmol/L) significantly promotes INS-1 cell proliferation, glucose uptake, insulin secretion, insulin receptor expression and also obviously reduces intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in H2O2-injured INS-1 cells. Furthermore, the biological effects of SCD are stronger than Exendin-4 (a clinically approved drug through its insulinotropic effect), DBAYL, SeNPs or SC. A single injection of SCD (20 nmol/kg) into db/db mice with type 2 diabetes leads to enhanced insulin secretion and sustained hypoglycemic effect, and the effectiveness and duration of SCD in enhancing insulin secretion and reducing blood glucose levels are much stronger than Exendin-4, SeNPs or SC. In db/db mice, chronic administration of SCD by daily injection for 12 weeks markedly improved glucose and lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity and the structures of pancreatic and adipose tissue. The results indicate that SC can play a role as a carrier for the slow release of bioactive peptides and SCD could be a hopeful therapeutic against type 2 diabetes through the synergy effects of DBAYL and SeNPs.
Patient-Specific Customization of a Generic Femur Model Using Orthogonal 2D Radiographs

Visualization of the patient-specific fractured bone in three dimensions (3D) plays an important role in image guided orthopedic surgery. Existing research often focuses on intra-operative registration of the patientspsila anatomy with pre-operatively obtained 3D volumetric data (e.g. CT scans) utilizing fiduciary markers. This expensive and invasive approach is not routinely available for diagnostics, and a majority of fracture reduction procedures currently solely relies on two dimensional (2D) x-ray/fluoroscopic images. This paper presents a new concept for the construction of a 3D model of a fractured human femur that eliminates the need to have the preoperative CT scan of the patientpsilas injured anatomy. It is based on two conventional orthogonal (in anterior and lateral views) 2D radiographic images and a supporting database of 3D intact (healthy) femurs. A search over the database initially finds the closest match to the patientpsilas femur. This best match is then customized through a non-rigid registration to the shape of the patientpsilas femur. Once the customization is complete a novel 2D-3D registration process separates the bone into the proximal and distal segments and identifies the pose (position and orientation) of each fragment.
Topical interferon alpha 2b eye-drops for treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia: a dose comparison study

Background/aims To compare the effectiveness and side-effect profile of two doses of interferon alpha2b (IFNα2b) eye-drops (1 million international units (IU)/ml versus 3 million IU/ml) in the treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). Methods Retrospective case series. Results Thirty-five eyes were identified over an 11-year period (1996–2007). Twenty-one eyes (19 patients) with conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) were treated with 1 million IU/ml of topical IFN-α2b; 12 eyes (nine patients) with CIN were treated with 3 million IU/ml. Two patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were treated with topical interferon, one with 1 million IU/ml and one with 3 million IU/ml. Baseline demographic information was not statistically different between the two groups. In patients with CIN, topical therapy eliminated disease in 81% of eyes in the 1 million IU/ml group versus 92%, in the 3 million IU/ml group, p=0.41. The median time to OSSN resolution was 2.8 months in the 1 million IU/ml group and 1.9 months in the 3 million IU/ml group, p=0.55. Neither eye with SCC responded to interferon therapy. Topical therapy was well tolerated. After a median follow-up of 24 months, three recurrences were seen in eyes successfully treated with topical therapy. Conclusion In our study, there were no significant differences between the 1 million IU/ml group and the 3 million IU/ml group for the treatment of CIN.
REVISION NOTES ON PSYCHIATRY

UNLIKE most psychiatric textbooks for nurses, usually written by psychiatrists, these revision notes are written by a nurse tutor trained in both general and psychiatric nursing. The approach is problem orientated and the emphasis is on topics of practical value to nurses involved in patient care. A useful series of short selections contains sound advice on how to handle difficult types of patient. A team approach to the management of psychiatric patients is advocated and the functions of the various therapeutic team members are clearly defined. Brief notes are provided about many, though not all, modern developments in patient care. The common psychiatric syndromes are described in note form. A reading list is provided at the end of each section as well as a number of revision questions. The text is clear and concise, though necessarily condensed. Inevitably a number of inaccuracies of fact appear. Nevertheless, this book can be recommended to nurses as a useful short revision text.
Einstein-Weyl Geometry

A Weyl manifold is a conformal manifold equipped with a torsion free connection preserving the conformal structure, called a Weyl connection. It is said to be Einstein-Weyl if the symmetric tracefree part of the Ricci tensor of this connection vanishes. In particular, if the connection is the Levi-Civita connection of a compatible Riemannian metric, then this metric is Einstein. Such an approach has two immediate advantages: firstly, the homothety invariance of the Einstein condition is made explicit by focusing on the connection rather than the metric; and secondly, not every Weyl connection is a Levi-Civita connection, and so Einstein-Weyl manifolds provide a natural generalisation of Einstein geometry. The simplest examples of this generalisation are the locally conformally Einstein manifolds. A Weyl connection on a conformal manifold is said to be closed if it is locally the Levi-Civita connection of a compatible metric; but it need not be a global metric connection unless the manifold is simply connected. Closed EinsteinWeyl structures are then locally (but not necessarily globally) Einstein, and provide an interpretation of the Einstein condition which is perhaps more appropriate for multiply connected manifolds. For example, S1×Sn−1 admits flat Weyl structures, which are therefore closed Einstein-Weyl. These closed structures arise naturally in complex and quaternionic geometry. Einstein-Weyl geometry not only provides a different way of viewing Einstein manifolds, but also a broader setting in which to look for and study them. For instance, few compact Einstein manifolds with positive scalar curvature and continuous isometries are known to have Einstein deformations, yet we shall see that it is precisely under these two conditions that nontrivial Einstein-Weyl deformations can be shown to exist, at least infinitesimally. The Einstein-Weyl condition is particularly interesting in three dimensions, where the only Einstein manifolds are the spaces of constant curvature. In contrast, three dimensional Einstein-Weyl geometry is extremely rich [16, 68, 72], and has an equivalent formulation in twistor theory [34] which provides a tool for constructing selfdual four dimensional geometries. In section 10, we shall discuss a construction relating Einstein-Weyl 3-manifolds and hyperKahler 4-manifolds [40, 29, 50, 79]. Twistor methods also yield complete selfdual Einstein metrics of negative scalar curvature with prescribed conformal infinity [48, 35]. An important special case of this construction is the case of an Einstein-Weyl conformal infinity [34, 61]. Although Einstein-Weyl manifolds can be studied, along with Einstein manifolds, in a Riemannian framework, the natural context is Weyl geometry [23]. We
Manual for the Annotation of in-document Referential Relations

This paper presents relevant information concerning our annotation of in-document coreference and anaphora / cataphora. It provides a definition of the textual and semantic relation types and the category system used for the annotation together with a description of potential markables in the framework of coreference and anaphora/cataphora resolution. It also describes the data base containing the annotated texts and gives an illustration of the annotation tools used for our task. The overall aim is to provide comprehensive and comprehensible guidelines for both users of our released data and researchers designing a similar task. Therefore, it does not only describe the annotation background and process but also unfolds the process of discussing and deciding on controversial cases in order to arrive at a reliable annotation standard. 1
Mining Distributed Frequent Itemsets Using a Gossip Based Protocol

Recently, there has been a growing attention in frequent item set mining in distributed systems. In this paper, we present an algorithm to extract frequent item sets from large distributed datasets. Our algorithm uses gossip as the communication mechanism and does not rely on any central node. In gossip based communication, nodes repeatedly select other random nodes in the system, and exchange information with them. Our algorithm proceeds in rounds and provides all nodes with the required support counts of item sets, such that each node is able to extract the global frequent item sets. For local iteration and generation of candidate item sets, a trie data structure is used, which facilitates the process and reduces execution time. We further propose an improvement to our algorithm by grouping nodes and arranging them into a hierarchical structure. By performing aggregation tasks in groups, communication overhead is effectively reduced. We evaluate our proposal using simulation, and show advantages of our algorithms in reducing execution time and communication overhead, while preserving accuracy.
Random-point-based filters: analysis and comparison in target tracking

This paper compares state estimation techniques for nonlinear stochastic dynamic systems, which are important for target tracking. Recently, several methods for nonlinear state estimation have appeared utilizing various random-point-based approximations for global filters (e.g., particle filter and ensemble Kalman filter) and local filters (e.g., Monte-Carlo Kalman filter and stochastic integration filters). A special emphasis is placed on derivations, algorithms, and commonalities of these filters. All filters described are put into a common framework, and it is proved that within a single iteration, they provide asymptotically equivalent results. Additionally, some deterministic-point-based filters (e.g., unscented Kalman filter, cubature Kalman filter, and quadrature Kalman filter) are shown to be special cases of a random-point-based filter. The paper demonstrates and compares the filters in three examples, a random variable transformation, re-entry vehicle tracking, and bearings-only tracking. The results show that the stochastic integration filter provides better accuracy than the Monte-Carlo Kalman filter and the ensemble Kalman filter with lower computational costs.
Genotypic profiles of hepatitis B in African immigrants and their clinical relevance

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) from 40 adult African immigrants in Australia was characterized to determine the prevalence of different HBV genotypes and subgenotypes. A mutational analysis was then performed to determine the presence of clinically significant mutations and correlate them to clinical outcomes. Initial sequencing analysis revealed 13 with genotype A (32.5%), 13 with genotype D (32.5%), and 14 with genotype E (35%). Serology showed that 37 were HBeAg negative. Phylogenetic analysis identified a high prevalence (25%) of HBV subgenotype A1 in our cohort, a subgenotype which has been associated with more aggressive clinical disease. BCP/PC sequencing was obtained for 38 patients. BCP and/or PC mutations were identified in 36/38 (95%). The median viral load of all patients was 2995 IU/mL and most of the pathology results were within the normal range. Only one patient had an increased APRI score of 1.1 suggestive of cirrhosis. We present novel information on the HBV genotypes amongst the African population in Australia along with clinical correlates. The high prevalence of A1 subgenotype in this population supports the current Australian recommendation to commence hepatocellular carcinoma screening in Africans with chronic HBV from 20 years old.
Investigating the Effect of Tall Buildings on Tehran City Landscape

Tall buildings despite their different features and impacts are just defined by their height. The main problem of defining tall buildings in cities in terms of urban landscape is that this definition does not have an appropriate relativity, and only includes the investigation of tall buildings based on their height. Applying the criteria for locating, architecture and height of tall buildings in cities without considering the mutual impacts of tower and urban landscape and with relying on physical aspects and ignoring environmental impacts of buildings has developed more problems for the appearance of cities. In this study we investigated the factors affect the role of tall buildings on landscape of Tehran city in Iran. In the current study, the dependent variable was the urban landscape of Tehran, and the independent variables were related to the semantic, aesthetic and visual aspects. Accordingly, the hypotheses of this study predict whether there is a relationship between tall buildings and urban landscape based on the semantic, aesthetic and visual aspects. To do so, we selected northern urban views of Tehran. Statistical population consisted of all families living in northern parts of Tehran. Of this, a sample of 168 subjects was selected using Cochran formula. Data collection tool was a 5-point likert type questionnaire. Collected data from participants were analyzed in SPSS software. According to the results, tall buildings of urban landscape of Tehran have a moderate status. From the perspective of people, the strongest effects of such buildings are respectively related to four factors of meaning, scale, view and identity.
Controlling Retransmission Rate for Mitigating SIP Overload

With rapidly growing deployment, SIP has become a main signaling protocol for IP telephony and multimedia sessions in the Internet. SIP employs a retransmission mechanism to maintain its reliability. Recent server collapse due to emergency-induced call volume in carrier networks indicates that message retransmissions triggered by various SIP timers make the overload worse. The built-in overload control mechanism cannot handle overload conditions effectively. Since the retransmissions caused by the overload introduce more overhead rather than reliability, we suggest mitigating the overload by reducing the retransmission rate. We propose a novel algorithm to detect the potential overload at the downstream servers and control retransmission message rate from upstream servers to mitigate the overload at the downstream servers. We investigate two typical overload scenarios caused by demand burst and server slow down respectively. OPNET simulations demonstrate that (1) the proposed solution can help the overloaded downstream server to cancel its overload effectively after it resumes its normal operation status; (2) without the overload control algorithm applied, the overload at the downstream server may propagate or migrate to its upstream servers.
Proper and Efficient Treatment of Anaphora and Long-Distance Dependency in Context-Free Grammar: An Experiment with Medical Text

These characteristics put the text in pathological reports under the category of controlled natural language, making it a better object text for semantic analysis and knowledge representation. Readers unfamiliar with controlled natural language are recommended to check the survey by (Schwitter2010). The purpose of this paper is to present how to combine a CFG (Context-Free Grammar) with an ontology to account for both syntactic structures and semantic structures of sentences (and discourses) containing longdistance dependencies and anaphora found in pathological reports. The syntactic and semantic framework outlined in this paper are developed on the foundation of the Global Document Annotation (GDA) guidelines proposed by (Hasida2010). When constructing our grammar, we have an application in mind. This application is auto-completion and hence speed matters. We want to do a bit more than bigrams can achieve with auto-completion such that the effect of an antecedent or a relative clause on user input can be captured. It is true that an elaborated feature structurebased grammars with hundreds of features would have little problem with anaphora and long distance dependencies. But speed is a problem for such a grammar. This leaves us with CFGs but typical CFGs can handle neither of the phenomena we are interested in. So we make CFGs do the job.
Atmospheric growth requirements for Alloiococcus species and related gram-positive cocci

The growth of Alloiococcus otitis under different atmospheres and nutritional conditions was studied. The growth rates of 25 strains of gram-positive cocci representing five genera on heart infusion agar plates containing 5% rabbit blood and on brucella agar plates with and without sheep blood under aerobic, increased CO2, and anaerobic atmospheres were compared. Eight strains of alloiococci plated on heart infusion agar with rabbit blood and on brucella sheep blood agar grew under aerobic and candle jar atmospheres. Two of these strains showed poor anaerobic growth after 7 days. Strains of Aerococcus viridans, Aerococcus urinae, Helcococci kunzi, Dolosigranulum pigrum, Gemella haemolysans, and Gemella morbillorum grew well under all three atmospheres and on the three types of media and in thioglycolate broth. These results confirm all the aerobic atmospheric requirements for Alloiococcus strains and show that aerobic growth characteristics help distinguish the alloiococci from the other gram-positive cocci that are facultatively anaerobic.