Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Writing Therapy in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ADHD & Autism) by Parents: Module Validation

Therapy modules that are systematically arranged, structured and easy to use become very meaningful when the learning system must be carried out independently. The aim of the study is to examine the validity of the writing therapy module “TM3”. This module is designed so that parents can use it to train and improve the attention-focusing abilities of children with ADHD & Autism through writing therapy. Participants involved in this study consisted of 5 clinical psychologists, 5 occupational therapists and 42 parents of children diagnosed with ADHD and Autism, all of which were recruited through a semi-online survey. Validation includes two processes, namely: content validation and empirical validation. The results of the validation of the content of the module are 0.827 and the readability validation is 0.833 (v> 0.5) with a good validity category. In testing the empirical validity based on responses from 42 participants, the reliability value (r11) = 0.787 was included in the high category. This shows that the “TM3” writing therapy module is valid both empirically and content, and the module can be used to train (therapy) children.
A novel intrinsically disordered outer membrane lipoprotein of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

To cite this article: Tuuli Ahlstrand, Heidi Tuominen, Arzu Beklen, Annamari Torittu, Jan Oscarsson, Raija Sormunen, Marja T. Pöllänen, Perttu Permi & Riikka Ihalin (2017) A novel intrinsically disordered outer membrane lipoprotein of Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans binds various cytokines and plays a role in biofilm response to interleukin-1β and interleukin-8, Virulence, 8:2, 115-134, DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016. 1216294
Bearing Capacity of Piles in Soft Clay Underlaid by Cohesive Frictional Soil

AbstractBy using the axisymmetric quasi-lower bound finite-element limit analysis, the bearing capacity factors Ncp and Nγqp have been computed for axially loaded piles, with the shaft embedded in a fully cohesive soil medium and the tip placed over cohesive frictional soil strata. The results were obtained for various combinations of L/D, ϕl, and cl/cu; the subscripts l and u refer to lower and upper soil strata, respectively. The factors Ncp and Nγqp increase continuously with increases in L/D and ϕl; the rate of increase of Ncp and Nγqp with L/D, however, decreases with an increase in L/D. For cl/cu>100, the factor Ncp hardly depends on L/D.
Impact of two conceptual precipitation downscaling schemes on mass-balance modeling of Gran Campo Nevado ice cap, Patagonia

Precipitation downscaling in mountainous regions with sparse station data is challenging, but needed to link global climate datasets with high-resolution glacier models. In this study, we apply a linear orographic precipitation model (OPM) to generate orographic precipitation fields for mass- balance studies at Gran Campo Nevado (GCN), Southern Patagonia. The OPM is driven by large-scale atmospheric input variables taken from the reanalysis data of the US National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the US National Center for Atmospheric Research. The orographic precipitation fields are compared to precipitation fields assessed by a linear precipitation gradient, widely used in earlier mass-balance studies of GCN and elsewhere. Both downscaling methods are implemented into a degree-day model to analyze the sensitivity of mass-balance modeling to different precipitation inputs. Significant spatio-temporal differences are found, particularly in the summit region. The mass-balance modeling shows high sensitivity to the different precipitation distribution methods, leading to differences in the mass-balance gradients on the east side of GCN.
Democratic Self-Determination in Nunavut: Representation, Reciprocity and Mineral Development

Inuit exercise a significant degree of self-determination in Nunavut through the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement, particularly in the area of non-renewable resource development. Selfdetermination is linked to both Inuit and Canadian identity and conceptualized in its democratic form as relationships of autonomy and interdependence mediated by resource management institutions. This thesis argues that democratic self-determination depends on local experiences of reciprocity and legitimate institutional representation. Nunavut’s institutional actors have the potential to establish locally acceptable norms of reciprocity and representation through (quasi-) constitutionally mandated Inuit Associations, an Inuit public government at the municipal and territorial levels, and resource co-management boards. Using a qualitative research methodology involving document analysis, semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this thesis explores how residents of Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, are experiencing democratic selfdetermination from the perspectives of representation and reciprocity. Results indicate that conflict between municipalities and Inuit Associations over the distribution of resource benefits can overshadow attitudes of reciprocity between public and Inuit spheres. Although both Inuit Associations and public governments are seen as legitimately representing local interests in resource development, each have distinct roles: Inuit Associations negotiate Impact and Benefit Agreements with industry as a matter of right, while public government’s role is the responsible delivery of social services. The legitimacy of Inuit Associations as representatives of Inuit interests was challenged by a minority of research participants who expressed concerns about elitism and unaccountability of Inuit officials, and educational barriers to non-elite participation in decision-making. Meanwhile the criticisms registered against the public governments illustrated contemporary attitudes of resentment based on a history of colonialism and distance from centre to periphery. The Nunavut Impact Review Board was found to be a valuable mechanism for managing Inuit-state relations in its ability to foster trust, though its ability to determine the just distribution of resource benefits is circumscribed. Ultimately, this research suggests that from the perspective of reciprocity and legitimate representation, the birth of Nunavut should not be considered an end to the struggle for greater local democratic control over economic and political destinies.
Coral spawning patterns of Acropora across two Maldivian reef ecosystems

Understanding patterns in coral reproductive biology at local and regional scales is crucial to elucidate our knowledge of characteristics that regulate populations and communities. The lack of published data on coral spawning patterns in the Maldives hinders our understanding of coral reproductive biology and limits our ability to assess shifts in reproductive phenology over time. Here we document baseline environmental cues, spawning patterns, exact timings and oocyte development of restored and wild Acropora, inhabiting shallow water reefs, across two Maldivian atolls. A total of 1,200 colonies were recorded spawning across the two sites between October 2021 and April 2023. These colonies represent 22 species of Acropora, with coral spawning observed over an extended period of eight months. This research details exact spawning times of multi-specific spawning, asynchronous spawning and ‘split spawning’ of Acropora, across multiple lunar phases; and highlights the need to consider restored colonies when discussing the sexual reproductive patterns of Maldivian Acropora in the future. Overall, corals spawned earlier in North Male Atoll compared with Baa Atoll. Earlier spawning events were significantly correlated with lower tide depths, wind speeds, daily precipitation and higher sea surface temperatures which helped explain inter-atoll, inter-annual, and intra-annual variations in spawning day. This study contributes to understanding sexual reproductive cycles of Acropora in the Maldives; knowledge that is vital for effective management of a critically endangered ecosystem in a changing climate.
Influence of Nitrogen on Growth Performance of Hybrid and Inbred Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Varieties in Boro Season

Field experiments were conducted during boro season of 2002 and 2003 at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) farm having silty clay loam soil. Hybrid variety Sonarbangla-1 and BRRI hybrid dhan1 and modern inbred variety BRRI dhan29 were used in the experiments. Zero to 160 kg N ha -1 with 40 kg interval and different application schedules, chlorophyll meter based (SPAD35) N application and urea supper granules (USG) @ 80 kg N ha -1 were used as N treatments. During boro 2002, BRRI hybrid dhan1 had 10-15% higher tiller number, leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) than Sonarbangla-1 and BRRI dhan29. Among the N managements, N9 (USG), N5 (160 kg N ha -1 with basal), N6 (160 kg N ha -1 without basal), and N7 (SPAD based N application with basal) showed 10-15% higher plant height, tiller hill -1 , LAI and CGR. During boro 2003, Sonarbangla-1 and BRRI hybrid dhan1 had 10-15% higher plant height, tiller hill -1 , LAI and CGR compared to the BRRI dhan29. Among the N management, N9 (USG), N5, N6, N7, N3 (120 kg N ha-1 with basal) and N4 (120 kg N ha -1 without basal) treated plots performed better in terms of growth. The LAI and CGR were reduced by 20-25 % at 60 DAT during 2003 compared to 2002 due to cold and the growth of BRRI dhan29 was restricted much.
The Permian and Trias of the Oman Peninsula, Arabia

Abstract The lower part of the limestone succession of the Hagab Monocline in the Oman Peninsula, Arabia, is divided into the Bih Dolomite (Permian, 650 m.), Hagil Limestone (Permian, 260 m.), Ghail Limestone (Trias, 600 m.) and the Elphinstone Beds (Noric, 431 m.). The latter consists of five formations, two of which are very fossiliferous. The succession also occurs to the south in borings in the forelands of the Oman Mountains and is similar to that of the foreland of the Zagros Range of Iran.
Mesoproterozoic Tasmania: witness to the East Antarctica-Laurentia connection within Nuna

Most recent paleogeographic reconstructions of the supercontinent Nuna juxtapose the North Australian craton, Mawson continent (South Australia–East Antarctica), and Laurentia between 1.6 Ga and 1.3 Ga but differ in their relative positioning. The > 10-km-thick siliciclastic Rocky Cape Group of Tasmania was deposited in an opening marine basin on the margin of East Antarctica during Nuna breakup. Based on a similar detrital zircon signature and depositional age, the Rocky Cape Group has been correlated with the upper Belt-Purcell Supergroup in Laurentia, thus representing a key tie point within Nuna. Here the detrital zircon age signature of Mesoproterozoic Rocky Cape Group quartzites is investigated by comparing new detrital zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic data to an extensive compilation of zircon isotopic data from Australia, East Antarctica, and Laurentia. Our analysis demonstrates that the Rocky Cape Group is unlikely to have been sourced from any geological terrane exposed in presentday Australia. Instead, zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic data from basement terranes in Laurentia and East Antarctica show striking similarities to the Rocky Cape Group detrital signature. Paleocurrent data indicate that the majority of sediment in the Rocky Cape Group was sourced from Laurentia, which was to the southeast (present-day coordinates) of Tasmania, supporting a SWEAT-like (southwest United States–East Antarctica) configuration for Nuna. We suggest that rifting left a thinned continental connection between East Antarctica and Laurentia onto which the lower-middle Rocky Cape Group was deposited between 1.45 and 1.30 Ga.
Global direct radiative forcing due to multicomponent anthropogenic and natural aerosols

Global simulations of the composition of and direct forcing due to aerosols containing natural and/or anthropogenic sulfate, nitrate, chloride, carbonate, ammonium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, black carbon, organic matter, silica, ferrous oxide, and aluminum oxide were carried out. Chloride and natural sulfate were found to be the most important natural aerosol constituents in the atmosphere in terms of solar plus thermal-infrared forcing. Sea spray was the most important natural aerosol type, indicating that it should be accounted for in weather and climate calculations. Ammonium was found to have a positive direct forcing, since it reduces water uptake in sulfate-containing solutions; thus, anthropogenic ammonium contributes to global warming. The magnitudes of ammonium and nitrate forcing were smaller than those of chloride or sulfate forcing. When organics were divided into three groups with different assumed UV absorption characteristics, total aerosol direct forcing at the tropopause increased by about +0.03 to +0.05 W m−2 (direct forcing by organics remained negative), suggesting that UV absorption by organics is a nontrivial component of the global energy balance. Gypsum [CaSO4-2H2O], sal ammoniac [NH4Cl], halite [NaCl], halite, and nitrum [KNO3] were estimated to be the most common sulfate-, ammonium-, sodium-, chloride-, and nitrate-containing solid-phase aerosol constituents, respectively, in the global atmosphere. Solid formation in aerosols was found to increase total-aerosol direct forcing by +0.03 to +0.05 W m−2. Spatial and vertical forcing estimates, sensitivities of forcing to relative humidity and concentration, and estimates of global aerosol liquid water content are given. Modeled aerosol optical properties are compared with satellite and field measurements.
Theoretical perspectives on the international transfer and diffusion of climate technologies

Enhancing developing countries' access to climate technologies can provide a significant contribution to addressing climate change on a global scale. However, the issue of international technology transfer has remained underexplored in the climate policy literature and more research on the role of climate technology firms is needed. However, simply revisiting existing firm-level theories about the firm's internationalization behavior and technology transfer strategy with a view on climate technology would not be sufficient given that the objective is a widespread technology diffusion. In addition, these theories need to be closer aligned with the extant literature on knowledge spillover and technology diffusion which provides answers to the question why some developing countries are able to absorb foreign technology successfully, whereas others are not. Taking this as a starting point, the paper relates firm-level theories on internationalization and transfer channel choice to the literature on knowledge spillover and technology diffusion with the help of a simple framework. This framework is then applied to the issue at hand: the international transfer and diffusion of climate technologies. Implications are derived for climate technology firms as well as for the countries involved in the transfer process.
Effect of time of day and type of shading on the physiological responses of crossbred calves in tropical environment

Many studies report adverse environmental conditions, damage yield, especially in dairy cows. However, studies on the effects of environment on young animals, especially calves of mixed race, are rare. Study effects of time, day and type of shading on the physiological responses of crossbred calves in tropical environment. Twenty-four ½ Holstein and SPRD (without defined breed) calves were identified in two nursery facilities, one provided with natural shading and the other provided with artificial shading by means of cement tile. In both facilities, environmental data including air temperature, wind speed, and black globe temperature were recorded between7 a.m. to 4 p.m. to calculate the radiant thermal load. Physiological responses, rectal temperature and respiratory rates were measured in the morning and in the afternoon. The natural shading provided less thermal comfort because of higher radiant thermal load, especially in the afternoon. The crossbred calves showed higher rectal temperature and respiratory frequency as compared with SPRD calves in both periods and in both nursery facilities, with the highest values reported under natural shading. Calves of different genotypes respond differently in hot environments, should be to test in future research another types of trees to verify their thermal quality.
The Ben Lui Recumbent Syncline (S.W. Highlands)

Abstract Structural evidence from the Ben Lui district supports Bailey's view that the hinge of a major recumbent fold can be demonstrated there. Way up evidence indicates that all the recumbent structures from the Ben Udlaidh fold upwards face towards the south-east and south-south-east. The Ben Udlaidh and Ben Lui folds are therefore synclines. The attitude and character of the folds suggest gravitational flow.
Statistical modelling of mountain permafrost distribution: local calibration and incorporation of remotely sensed data

Field mapping of mountain permafrost is laborious and is generally based on interpolation between point information. A spatial model that is based on elevation and a parameterization of solar radiation during summer is presented here. It allows estimation of permafrost distribution and can be calibrated locally, based on bottom temperature of snow (BTS) measurements or other indicators such as mapped features of permafrost creep. Local calibration makes this approach flexible and allows application in various mountain ranges. Model output consists of a continuous field of simulated BTS values that are subsequently divided into the classes ‘permafrost likely’, ‘permafrost possible’ and ‘no permafrost’ following the rules of thumb established for BTS field measurements in the Alps. Additionally, the simulated BTS values can be interpreted as a crude proxy for ground temperature regime and sensitivity to permafrost degradation. A map of vegetation abundance derived from atmospherically and topographically corrected satellite imagery was incorporated into this model to enhance the accuracy of the prediction. Based on the same corrected satellite image, a map of albedo was derived and used to calculate net short‐wave radiation, in an attempt to increase model accuracy. However, the statistical relationship with BTS did not improve. This is probably due to the correlation of short‐wave solar radiation with snow‐melt patterns or other factors of permafrost distribution which are being influenced differently by the introduction of albedo. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of Mean Water Depth and a Subsurface Sandbar on the Onset and Strength of Wave Breaking

Wave breaking in the open ocean and coastal zones remains an intriguing yet incompletely understood process, with a strong observed association with wave groups. Recent numerical study of the evolution of fully nonlinear, two-dimensional deep water wave groups identified a robust threshold of a diagnostic growth-rate parameter that separated nonlinear wave groups that evolved to breaking from those that evolved with recurrence. This paper investigates whether these deep water wave-breaking results apply more generally, particularly in finite-water-depth conditions. For unforced nonlinear wave groups in intermediate water depths over a flat bottom, it was found that the upper bound of the diagnostic growth-rate threshold parameter established for deep water wave groups is also applicable in intermediate water depths, given by k(0) h greater than or equal to 2, where k(0) is the mean carrier wavenumber and h is the mean depth. For breaking onset over an idealized circular arc sandbar located on an otherwise flat, intermediate-depth (k(0) h greater than or equal to 2) environment, the deep water breaking diagnostic growth rate was found to be applicable provided that the height of the sandbar is less than one-quarter of the ambient mean water depth. Thus, for this range of intermediate-depth conditions, these two classes of bottom topography modify only marginally the diagnostic growth rate found for deep water waves. However, when intermediate-depth wave groups ( k(0) h greater than or equal to 2) shoal over a sandbar whose height exceeds one-half of the ambient water depth, the waves can steepen significantly without breaking. In such cases, the breaking threshold level and the maximum of the diagnostic growth rate increase systematically with the height of the sandbar. Also, the dimensions and position of the sandbar influenced the evolution and breaking threshold of wave groups. For sufficiently high sandbars, the effects of bottom topography can induce additional nonlinearity into the wave field geometry and associated dynamics that modifies the otherwise robust deep water breaking-threshold results.
The Impact of Javanese Dance on Improving Rhythmic Skills and Critical Thinking

Study purpose. The low rhythmic skills of students are caused by the complexity of rhythmic movements. This study aims to determine the impact of Javanese dance on rhythmic skills and critical thinking. Materials and methods. The study used a one group pretest-posttest experimental design. Fourth grade students of 66 people were used as research subjects who were taken through cluster random sampling. Rhythmic skill data collection was using Rhythmic Test and critical thinking data collection was using a questionnaire. Data analysis was used to determine the impact of Javanese dance using paired samples t-tests, while proving the difference in impact was using independent samples t-tests. Results. The results show that the paired samples t-test in rhythmic skills is known to have t-test > t-table or 7.540 >1.980, p = 0.00. In critical thinking t-test > t-table or 4.631 > 1.980, p = 0.00. That is, there is an impact of Javanese dance on improving students’ rhythmic skills and critical thinking (t = 6.575, p = 0.00 < 0.005). Conclusions. The applied Javanese dance has an impact on improving rhythmic skills (psychomotor aspects) and critical thinking (cognitive aspects).
Of Sand or Soil: Genealogy and Tribal Belonging in Saudi Arabia

List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Note on Transliteration xiii Introduction 1 Chapter One Hamad al-Jasir: A Life in Context 19 Chapter Two The Dark Matter of Tribal Belonging 53 Chapter Three The Oracle of al-Wurud: Hamad al-Jasir's Genealogical Correspondence 79 Chapter Four Marriage and Lineal Authentication 115 Chapter Five Parallel Migrations, Divergent Destinations 136 Chapter Six Toward a Genealogical Rule of Governance 165 Conclusion 201 Notes 205 Bibliography 255 Index 271