Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compliance with antipsychotic treatment and relapse in schizophrenia

Objective To explore the factors related to the compliance with antipsychotic treatment after 1 year of discharging from hospital and relapse rates among schizophrenia patients in nature status without interventions. Methods The study randomly selected schizophrenic inpatients who were discharged from hospital in arbitrarily 2 months from January 2009 to August 2009 in 4 mental health hospitals in China.The study got the schizophrenic patients′ clinical therapy information after 1 year of discharging by telephone interview. The main detection indexes were compliance rate, relapse rate. Results The survey received 537 effective questionnaires, the compliance rate after 1 year of discharging was 57.9%, and the relapse rate was 40.8%. The relapse rate was significantly different between patients with and without compliance (χ2=34.62, P<0.01, OR=0.31, 95%CI of OR 0.21 to 0.46). The economic level was associated with the compliance rate (χ2=12.43, P<0.05; OR=2.59, 95% CI of OR 1.51 to 4.42). The caregiver situation was associated with the relapse rate (χ2=12.37, P<0.05; OR=0.31，95% CI of OR was from 0.11 to 0.91). Conclusions The compliance rate among the schizophrenia patients in this study is relatively high with similar relapse rate to the studies abroad. The compliance rate and the caregiver situation might be related to the relapse, and economic level might be related to the compliance. Key words: Schizophrenia; Antipsychotic agents; Patient compliance; Recurrence
The relative susceptibility of scots and lodgepole pine to western gall rust

50 lots de graines de Pinus contorta et P. sylvestris de l'ouest du Canada et du nord de la Suede ont ete inocules par Endocronartium harkenessii, provenant de deux souches de spores de Colombie Britanique recoltees chez les deux especes de pin. Le pourcentage de semis infectes est beaucoup plus faible chez le pin sylvestre. Il n'y a apparemment pas de specificite d'hote ou de difference de race entre les deux souches de spores. P. sylvestris peut etre reparti en semis sensibles et semis resistants. L'infection de P. contorta varie de facon continue et unimodale
Effect of solar radiation and the subsequent dark periods on two newly isolated and characterized Antarctic marine bacteria

Two strains of psychrotolerant Antarctic marine bacteria were isolated and characterized using biochemical and molecular techniques. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene showed that UVvi strain belongs to the genus Arthrobacter whereas UVps strain is related to the Flexibacter-Cytophaga-Bacteroides (FCB) group. Response of the strains to solar radiation was studied during the summer of 1999 in Potter Cove, near Jubany station (South Shetland Island, Antarctica). The effect of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm), ultraviolet-A (UV-A, 320-400 nm) and ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-320 nm) on cell viability was studied using mixed cultures in quartz bottles covered with interferential filters and exposed to solar radiation. In all experiments, four treatments were used: dark (with light screened out), PAR (with UV radiation screened out), PAR+UV-A (UV-B screened out) and PAR+UV-A+UV-B. Under the assayed conditions, PAR+UV-A and PAR+UV-A+UV-B radiation showed similar negative effects on the viability of the studied strains. However, at the end of the exposure time, mortality values in PAR+UV-A+UV-B treatments were higher than those observed under PAR+UV-A treatments. In both PAR+UV-A and PAR+UV-A+UV-B treatments we observed high levels of hydrogen peroxide compared with the dark control. The Arthrobacter UVvi strain showed significant recovery in dark conditions after exposure to the PAR+UV-A but not after the PAR+UV-A+UV-B treatment. This strain proved to be more resistant to UV radiation than the FCB group-related UVps strain. The results showed that UV radiation has a deleterious effect on these Antarctic marine bacteria and also revealed that the analysed components of the Antarctic bacterioplankton may have different responses when they are exposed to the same irradiance conditions.
Foliar epidermal anatomy and pollen morphology of the genera Alcea and Althaea (Malvaceae) from Pakistan

Foliar epidermal anatomy and palynology of the four species belonging to two genera, Alcea L. and Althaea L. of family Malvaceae from Pakistan were studied and compared in detail both by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Leaves were amphistomatic and amphitrichomic with higher frequency of both stomata and trichomes on the abaxial surface. Three main types of glandular and eglandular trichomes were observed. Alcea rosea and A. lavateraeflora could be delimited by the characteristic features of their stellate trichomes. Palynological studies revealed the presence of apolar, pantoporate and echinate pollen. Character of spine index was used for the first time to describe Malvaceous pollen and is found of significant taxonomic importance. Artificial keys are given for all studied taxa based on foliar epidermal anatomical and palynomorphological features. © 2010 Friends Science Publishers
Modification of mammalian sexual cycles ; Reactions of ferrets (Putorius vulgaris) of both sexes to electric light added after dark in November and December

Studies by Rowan (1930 and preceding papers) and Bissonnette (1931, a, b , 1932, a, b , and preceding papers) and Bissonnette and Wadlund (1931) have shown that in juncos, canaries, crows and starlings, at least, among birds, the sexual cycle is conditioned to a great degree by daily light ration. Sexual activity in both males and females can be modified at will by altering the daily light ration with controlled electric lighting from ordinary incandescent bulbs. Gonad changes, controllable in this way, are closely correlated with migrations in juncos and crows, as demonstrated by Rowan (1930, and preceding papers), who, however, maintains that it is the added periods of muscular exercise, rather than the light, as such, that condition these changes, in spite of the fact that it is always the added light he uses, rather than exercise, to get his effects. Bissonnette disagrees, and holds it is the light that is the major factor in conditioning the changes in sexual cycles. It has been found, also, that intensity and colour, or wave-length, as well as daily period of light are factors in conditioning sexual activity in starlings, and the method of increase of light also plays a part (Bissonnette, 1931, b , 1932 ; Bissonnette and Wadlund, 1931).
Colonization rates and growth responses of soybean plants infected by vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

The interactions between soybean plants and two species of mycorrhizal fungi were examined. The number of infection units in young seedlings was found to increase in the presence of increasing quantities of Glomus fasciculatus inoculum, until a maximum was reached. Soybean seedlings remained free of mycorrhizal infection during early stages of development. First infection units appeared 10–12 days after planting which was also the approximate time that rhizobium root nodules and tertiary roots were first observed. The response to colonization by vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was evident as early as 6 weeks after planting.
Study on the Forbidden Gap Width of Strained Epitaxial Lead Selenide Layers by Optical Transmission

When studying the optical transmission of thin epitaxial lead selenide layers, the characterization of their parameters such as the index of refraction, and the reflection and absorption coefficients was performed. The forbidden gap width, mainly which increases as decreases the layer thickness, was determined by straightening of the absorption coefficients squared versus the photon energy. Along with the increase in the tangential lattice constant in strained layers, this fact confirms the realization of effective ”negative” pressure in the layers (of biaxial stretching).
Response of antioxidant systems and leaf water relations to NaCl stress in pea plants.

A pea (Pisum sativum cv. Puget) cultivar was grown on a medium containing different NaCl concentrations (0-160 mol m-3 ) in order to study the effects of salt stress on leaf water relations and on the activity of antioxidant enzymes. NaCl stress caused a rapid decline in chlorophyll content. Both leaf water (ψl ) and osmotic potentials (ψs ) decreased progressively with the severity of the stress (from 90-160 mol m-3 NaCl) whereas leaf turgor pressure (ψp ) increased in treated plants. Pea leaves contained an iron-containing superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) isozyme in chloroplasts alongside a copper-zinc-containing (CuZn-SOD) form (CuZn-SOD II). The lowest NaCl concentration (70 mol m-3 ) had no effect on the activity of these antioxidant enzymes while higher concentrations (110-130 mol m-3 ) enhanced the activity of cytosolic CuZn-SOD I and chloroplastic CuZn-SOD II as well as that of mitochondrial and/or peroxisomal manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD). These inductions were matched by increases in the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR). The increased activities coincided with decreased stomatal conductance and were unaffected by the severity of stress except in the case of CuZn-SOD II which fell to control values under the highest stress conditions (140-160 mol m-3 NaCl), when a concomitant increase in chloroplastic Fe-SOD activity was observed. Glutathione reductase (GR) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activities were only induced under severe NaCl stress (130-160 mol m-3 ) and were accompanied by losses in the ascorbate and glutathione pools, lower ASC/DHA and GSH/GSSG ratios and increases in GSSG. Electron microscopy showed that the thylakoidal structure of the chloroplasts became disorganized and their starch content decreased in plants treated with 160 mol m-3 NaCl. Overall, the results suggest that salt stress is accompanied by oxidative stress, perhaps at the cell compartment level. The capacity of Puget cultivar to ensure cell turgor and to enhance the activity of enzymes involved in the defence against oxidative stress seems to be important in determining adaptation to moderate NaCl stress conditions. In plants exposed to severe NaCl stress (130-160 mol m-3 ) it seems that such resistance to oxidative stress is overcome, which might contribute to the deleterious effects of salt and significant growth reduction in these conditions.
Current Concept in the Management of Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy

Most infants with brachial plexus birth palsy with signs of recovery in the first 6 weeks of life will improve spontaneously to have a normal function. However, infants who fail to recover in the first 3 months of life carry the risk of long-term disability. Panplexopathy and Horner’s syndrome carry worst prognosis. Plastic neural reconstruction is indicated for the failure of return of function by 3–6 months. There is no consensus about the ideal timing of intervention, and subject is still open to debate. With microsurgical reconstruction, there is improvement in outcome in a high percentage of patients. However, any of these recon - structions is not strong enough to provide a normal function. Limited shoulder abduction and external rotation are the main elements of limitations in residual brachial plexus birth palsy children. Infants with internal contracture can be benefited with Botulinum toxin injection. Internal rotation contracture release and shoulder-rebalancing surgeries for residual brachial plexus birth palsy patients in the form of tendon transfers for congruent glenohumeral joint clearly benefit patients. Patients with noncongruent glenohumeral joint would need a derotational humeral/glenoid anteversion osteotomy. All the mentioned procedures will substantially improve but not normalize the function in children.
Optimising Perioperative Care in Elective Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

ii Acknowledgments . iv List of Figures . ix List of Tables . x List of Abbreviations . xi Chapter 1: Introduction.1 The burden of hip and knee osteoarthritis . 1 Treatment of end-stage hip or knee osteoarthritis . 3 Efficacy of arthroplasty . 3 The surgical stress of hip and knee arthroplasty . 4 Special considerations for the hip or knee arthroplasty candidate . 5 Venous thromboembolism . 6 Postoperative anaemia . 7 Clinical question . 9 Perioperative care . 9 Enhanced Recovery After Surgery . 9 Local experience . 11 Enhanced Recovery After Surgery function . 12 Blood conservation . 13 Tranexamic acid . 13 Aim of thesis . 14 Chapter 2: Optimising arthroplasty perioperative care – a review . 15 Introduction . 15 Search strategy and criteria . 16 Systematic review . 16 Narrative review . 17 Results . 17 Preoperative phase . 23 Preoperative education . 23 Prehabilitation . 23 Premedication . 24 Nutrition . 26 Intraoperative phase . 27 Prophylactic antibiotics . 27 Intraoperative environment . 28 Surgical approach . 28 Anaesthesia . 29 Intravenous fluid . 31
EFFECTS OF PROCESSING AND SQUALENE ON COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF SEAL BLUBBER OIL

Effects of processing on constituents of seal blubber oil and that of squalene on oxidative stability of several oils were monitored. The content of α-tocopherol in oil decreased during processing, especially at the bleaching and deodorization steps. There was also a concurrent reduction in the contents of squalene and free fatty acids, especially during deodorization. Oils treated with squalene did not show any improved oxidative stability and in some cases were even less stable.
Placobdella cryptobranchii (Rhynchobdellida: Glossiphoniidae) on Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi (Ozark Hellbender) in Arkansas and Missouri

Abstract Placobdella cryptobranchii is a rarely collected leech of the Ozark hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi) in northern Arkansas and southern Missouri, U.S.A. Between October 2002 and August 2005, 58 hellbenders were examined from Eleven Point River (Randolph Co., Arkansas and Oregon Co., Missouri), the north fork of the White River (Ozark Co., Missouri), and the Spring River (Fulton Co., Arkansas). Forty-one of the 58 hellbenders (70.7%) were infested with 1–140 leeches with a mean intensity (±SD) of 8.7 (±22.1) and a relative abundance (±SD) of 6.3 (±18.9). Contingency table analysis and t-tests revealed no significant differences in prevalence and mean intensity among various years and localities sampled. Leech size did not substantially change over the time period sampled. The dorsal pigmentation of live specimens of P. cryptobranchii is described for the first time.
Advances in Intergroup Contact

Part 1: Introduction. G. Hodson, M. Hewstone, Introduction: Advances in Intergroup Contact. Part 2: Potential Obstacles to Positive Intergroup Contact and Directions for Circumvention. J. D. Vorauer, Getting Past the Self: Understanding and Removing Evaluative Concerns as an Obstacle to Positive Intergroup Contact Effects. G. Hodson, K. Costello, & C. C. Macinnis, Is Intergroup Contact Beneficial Among Intolerant People? Exploring Individual Differences in the Benefits of Contact on Attitudes. S. Lolliot, K. Schmid, M. Hewstone, A. Al Ramiah, N. Tausch, H. Swart, Generalized Effects Of Intergroup Contact: The Secondary Transfer Effect. T. Saguy, L. R. Tropp, D. Hawi, The Role of Group Power in Intergroup Contact. Part 3: Building Intimacy in Intergroup Contact: Preludes and Processes. R. J. Crisp, R. N. Turner, Imagined Intergroup Contact: Refinements, Debates and Clarifications. T. V. West, J. F. Dovidio, Intergroup Contact across Time: Beyond Initial Contact. F. E. Aboud, C. S. Brown, Positive and Negative Intergroup Contact among Children and its Effect on Attitudes. K. Davies, S. C. Wright, A. Aron, J. Comeau, Intergroup Contact through Friendship: Intimacy and Norms. Part 4: Methodological Concerns and Future Considerations. O. Christ, U. Wagner, Methodological Issues in the Study of Intergroup Contact: Towards A New Wave of Research. G. Hodson, M. Hewstone, H. Swart, Advances in Intergroup Contact: Epilogue and Future Directions.
Body temperatures of Sceloporus anahuacus from a montane zone of northeastern Estado de México, Mexico.

I on the thermal ecology of lizards is important because our ability to understand the potential for climate change to affect the future distributions of species depends in part on our understanding of current relationships of species with their thermal environments. Given that a recent study has suggested the potential for major negative impacts of climate change on the abundance and distribution of Mexican lizards (Sinervo et al., 2010), the more information we can gather on temperature relationships of lizards the better we might be able to predict such changes. The body temperatures and temperature relationships of lizards in the genus Sceloporus are among the best studied of any genus of lizards, and information on numerous species has been published. However, there are still species for which no published information on body temperatures and temperature relationships are available. One such species is Sceloporus anahuacus. S. anahuacus is relatively unstudied, but it has been observed perched on rocks or the ground along road sides or near forests (Smith & Lemos-Espinal, 2005) and it is found in pine forests between 2800 and 3600 m in the mountains around Mexico City (RamírezBautista et al., 2009). Here we report on the body temperatures of S. anahuacus from Isidro Fabela, Estado de México, Mexico. In particular, we consider the effects of environmental temperatures, body size, sex and reproductive condition, and microhabitats on body temperatures.
Collaborative planning and its antecedents: An assessment in supply chain relationships

The purpose of this study is to investigate the interactive effects of individual work autonomy and interdependence on collaborative planning, building on the distinction of task and outcome interdependence. Using a questionnaire study, we assess collaborative planning and its antecedents in supply chain relationships, incorporating the forestry and timber industry. While no interactive effects hold for task interdependence, outcome interdependence only facilitates collaborative planning for individuals with low work autonomy. Individuals with high autonomy always invest in collaborative planning. This study provides a picture of supply chain reality more complete than that sketched in studies that have assessed interdependence as a one-dimensional construct and alludes to the importance, often overlooked, of work autonomy in supply chain relationships.
The Effects of Increased Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide on Growth, Carbohydrates, and Photosynthesis in Radish, Raphanus sativus

The effects of sink capacity on the regulation of the acclimation of photosynthetic capacity to elevated levels of carbon dioxide are important from a global perspective. We investigated the effeocts of elevated (750/onol mol" 1 ) and ambient (350 //mol mol -1 ) atmospheric CO2 on growth, carbohydrate levels, and photosynthesis in radish seedlings from 15 to 46 d after planting. In radish, a major sink is the storage root, and its thickening is initiated early. Elevated CO2 increased the accumulation of dry matter by 111% but had no effect on the acclimation of the rate of photosynthesis or on the levels of carbohydrates in leaves at dawn. Elevated CO2 increased the dry weight in storage roots by 105% by 46 d after planting, apparently enhancing the sink capacity. This enhanced capacity seemed to be responsible for absorption of elevated levels of photosynthate and to result in the absence of any over-accumulation of carbohydrates in source leaves and the absence of negative acclimation of photosynthetic capacity at the elevated level of CO2.
Shear stress and interleukin-8 (IL-8) on the proliferation, differentiation and tube formation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from bone marrow, are also found in circulation and involved in both tumor vasculogenesis and wound healing. During the process of EPCs incorporation into tissues and neovascularization, the cells are exposed to fluid shear stress. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) has been shown to play an important role in tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. In our previous study, IL-8 gene expression of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells was significantly increased after stimulation by low shear stress for 1 to 2 h. Hence, there may be some connection between the IL-8 and shear stress in the EPCs incorporation into tissues and neovascularization. This study aimed to investigate whether the shear stress and IL-8 played important role in this process. After the cells were pretreated by shear stress, the cells were stimulated by IL-8, and then the expressions of CD133, VWF, VE-cadherins and VEGFR-2 in EPCs were measured. The proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and tube formation of EPCs were detected after the cells expose to shear stress stimulated by IL-8. Results show that IL-8 or shear stress alone can induce EPCs proliferation decreased. 5 and 10 dyne/cm 2 shear stress can both induce EPCs differentiation into the mature ECs.
Carrot (Daucus carrota), garlic (Allium sativum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) extracts as bacteria selective agents in culture media

Extracts of carrot, garlic and ginger as selective agents in basal bacteriological media were carried out on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 15313, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 2522,Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 using a standard method. Ethanolic extracts, aqueous cold and hot extracts of the experimental plant products were made at the concentration of 200 mg/ml (2 g/10 ml). The ethanolic extracts inhibited the growth of all the test bacterial isolates. The cold aqueous extracts of garlic had inhibitory effects on the S. aureus and L. monocytogenes bacterial isolates but selectively allowed the growth of E. coli. The hot aqueous extract of ginger had no effect on any of the test bacteria. The hot garlic extract selectively allowed the growth of L. monocytogenes and E. coli. Phytochemical analysis of the carrots, garlic and ginger contained saponnin, resins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and terpenes in varied proportions. We assume these products may have influenced the actions of the extracts on the test organisms. The results of this preliminary study suggest that aqueous extracts of carrots, garlic and ginger when incorporated in appropriate concentrations can serve as alternative selective agents in bacteriological culture media for bacterial isolation from highly contaminated biological specimens or separation of mixed cultures of bacteria in the laboratory. Key words: Carrot, garlic, ginger, selective agents, bacteria, culture media