Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of water footprint for a few major crops in Banas River Basin of Rajasthan

Water security is essential for socio-economic development, ecosystem management, and environmental sustainability. An improved understanding of the relationships between water demand and supply is needed to mitigate the impacts of diminishing water resources. The present study aimed to assess the crop water footprint of sixteen major crops in the basin namely, bajra/ pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L.), gram/chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), guar/cluster beans (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.), jowar/ sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), lentil/ masoor (Lens culinaris L.), maize (Zea mays L.), mungbean (Vigna radiata L.), rapeseed & mustard (Brassica napus L.), rice/paddy (Oryza sativa L.), sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), soybean (Glycine max L.), urad/ black gram (Vigna mungo L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was estimated during 2008-2020 in the Banas river basin of Rajasthan. The average annual water footprint of crop production varied from 11365.8-23131.5 MCM/yr (Mean 19254.5 MCM/yr) during the study period. Wheat, bajra, maize, rapeseed & mustard make up 67.4 % of the total average annual water footprint of crop production. The blue water footprint of crop production was 3942.1 MCM/yr, with wheat, rapeseed & mustard accounting for almost 87.0 % of the average annual blue water footprint. Blue, green and grey water footprints comprised 20.8, 69.7 and 9.5 % of the total WF of crop production in the basin, respectively. This assessment can play a significant role in developing better policies for properly managing water footprints for sustainable crop production in the basin.
Exact controllability of the Navier-Stokes and Boussinesq equations

ContentsIntroduction § 1. Statement of the problem. Main results1.1. Exact boundary controllability of the Navier-Stokes equations1.2. Local exact distributed controllability of the Navier-Stokes equations1.3. Exact controllability of the Boussinesq system1.4. Exact local controllability and approximate controllability of the Boussinesq system1.5. Some applications § 2. Carleman estimates2.1. Preliminaries2.2. Carleman estimates for solutions of system (2.9), (2.10)2.3. Definitive estimates § 3. Solubility of the exact controllability problem for the linearized Boussinesq system3.1. Statement of the problem3.2. An auxiliary extremal problem3.3. Proof of the main result § 4. Local exact controllability of the Boussinesq system § 5. Approximate controllability of the Boussinesq system: reduction to a linear system of a special form5.1. The idea of the proof5.2. Approximate controllability of the Boussinesq system § 6. Exact controllability of a linear system6.1. Proof of Lemma 5.16. 2. Proof of Theorem 5.1 Bibliography
The effect of quality management practices on academics’ innovative performance in Malaysian higher education institutions

ABSTRACT Several studies in higher education have attempted to study the impact of quality management practices on organisational innovation processes and outcomes in higher education institutions (HEIs). However, there is relatively limited research examining the impact of multidimensional quality management practices (QM-practices) on academics’ innovative behaviour and performance. This paper aims to explore the relationship between QM-practices and academics’ innovative work behaviour and examine how innovative behaviour affects academics’ innovative work performance. A total of 586 responses were collected from public and private universities with self-accreditation status in Malaysia. The results indicated a significant and positive relationship between Social QM-practices and academics’ innovative work behaviour. Also, a significant and positive relationship was found between innovative work behaviour and work performance. However, there is no direct impact between Social and Technical QM-practices on academic work performance. The relationship between Social QM-practices and work performance is indirectly established through innovative work behaviour. The findings signified the importance of innovative work behaviour on academic's work performance and highlighted the indirect impacts of Social QM-practices on innovative performance through innovative work behaviour in Malaysian HEIs. Efforts to improve Social QM-practices especially in promoting leadership for quality management, developing strategic vision, and providing effective educational support, as well as training may facilitate innovative work behaviour and enhance work performance at Malaysian HEIs.
Multi-Actor Collaboration in Improving the Economy of the Fishing Community in Karangantu Coastal Area of Serang, Indonesia

The fishing community is a community that is strongly dependent on the sustainability of marine natural resources. Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world and has a wealth of marine economic potential. Karangantu Coastal Area, Serang City is located on Banten’s North Coast which has a fairly good marine potential and has a National Fishing Port (PPN) which is a type B fishing port in Banten Province. These advantages were why PPN Karangantu was appointed as a fisheries industrial area (formerly a minapolitan) for the catch fisheries subsector since 2010. However, facts show that this potential is still not well-managed and thus does not yet have a significant effect on improving the fishing community’s welfare. Until this article was written, poverty and the fishermen remains an unresolved issue. To resolve the problem there needs to be a collaboration between multiple actors: the government, the private sector, the public communities, and the fishing community should work together and encourage policies regarding the coastal community economic empowerment through the development of a mutually profitable fishermen group joint business endeavor which would have a significant effect on the people's welfare, especially the fishing community in Karangantu Coastal Area, Serang City. The present study is a descriptive qualitative study. Data were collected in three ways: interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis for both primary and secondary data was conducted with the Nvivo 12 Pro software. The study results indicated potentials that could significantly improve the economy of the fishing community in Karangantu Coastal Area, Serang City, especially in the fisheries and tourism sectors. However, this can only be realized if there is a collaboration between actors, including the central and regional government, business actors, environmental NGOs, and the fishing community.
Fluid and Vlasov models of low-temperature, collisionless, relativistic plasma interactionsa)

A warm-fluid model suitable for describing intense laser-plasma interactions is discussed. A momentum-space transformation is developed for the Vlasov–Maxwell system that leads to significant computational savings. Direct numerical solutions of the Vlasov equation are compared to the predictions of the warm-fluid model and excellent agreement is found. In particular, it is found that, as predicted by the warm-fluid model, the bulk fields are largely insensitive to the details of the phase-space distribution. The warm-fluid model is compared to the particle-in-cell model and it is found that the latter model, at typical numerical resolution, predicts a momentum spread in the laser that is unphysically large.
Plastic Covers and Potassium Pre-Harvest Sprays and Their Influence on Antioxidant Properties, Phenolic Profile, and Organic Acids Composition of Sweet Cherry Fruits Cultivated in Southern Chile

In rainy areas, sweet cherries are cultivated under plastic covers, preventing the cracking of the fruit but decreasing the firmness and acidity of the cherries. We evaluated the impact of plastic cover and pre-harvest K foliar application on quality parameters, antioxidant properties, and phenolic and organic acid compositions in fruits of sweet cherry cv. Regina of Southern Chile. Our results showed that K+ increased firmness, total soluble content, size, fruit weight, and titratable acidity at harvest, independent of the cover factor. The positive impacts of foliar K fertilization on anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids could explain the higher antioxidant capacity of fruits. Our study revealed that the additional K doses applied increased malic acid, the main organic acid in cherry fruits, but only in fruits from uncovered trees. In covered trees, the effect was reversed. Citric acid was higher in fruit from covered trees. Our results indicated that tartaric acid also increased with the application of higher K doses; however, this acid was detectable only in uncovered tree fruit. Interestingly, all organic acids were lower in fruits produced in the lower canopy than those detected in fruits harvested from the upper canopy. This showed the positive impact of canopy light exposure on maintaining suitable acidity levels in sweet cherry fruits.
The supernova remnant W50 at 5 GHz

On a observe W50, qui contient SS433, a 5 GHz avec le telescope de 100 m d'Effelsberg. On combine les resultats a des resultats anterieurs obtenus a 1,7 et 2,7 GHz pour etudier la polarisation lineaire intrinseque et la variation de l'indice spectral dans la source
Elastic scatering cross-sections obtained on the basis of the potential of the modified Thomas-Fermi method and taking the core into account

Nucleon density distributions and nucleus-nucleus interaction potentials for the reactions $^{16}$O+$^{40}$Ca, $^{16}$O+$^{56}$Fe and $^{16}$O+$^{90}$Zr have been calculated in the framework of the modified Thomas-Fermi method and considering all terms up to the second order in $\hbar$ in the quasi-classical expansion of the kinetic energy. Skyrme forces dependent on the nucleon density are used as the nucleon-nucleon interaction. A parametrization of the nucleus-nucleus interaction potential, which well describes the potential value calculated within the modified Thomas-Fermi approach with density-dependent Skyrme forces, is found. On the basis of the obtained potentials, the cross-sections of elastic scattering are calculated in a good agreement with experimental data.
Towards a Flexible Framework for Regionalization

A theoretical framework is proposed to analyze regionalization problems consisting of quantitative and qualitative information with varying degrees of imprecision. Fuzzy set concepts of distance and similarity are formulated to construct regional grouping procedures. Depending on the data and the concepts employed, regions derived may be mutually exclusive or they may overlap to a certain degree. Hierarchical systems of regions are also analyzed on the basis of asymmetric spatial relations. Compared with conventional methods, this framework appears to be more natural and flexible in preserving information pertinent to regionalization.
Dunford-Pettis and Dieudonné polynomials on Banach spaces

We introduce two classes of m-homogeneous polynomials defined on Banach spaces, which extend the classes of Dunford-Pettis and Dieudonné linear operators. These extensions allow us to prove that several characterization theorems related to the Dunford-Pettis, Schur, and reciprocal Dunford-Pettis properties, are also valid in the more general case of homogeneous polynomials of any degree m ∈ N.
Temperature Dependent Synthesis of Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) Nanoparticles and Its Characterization

Zinc sulphide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) were successfully synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method at 20°C and 40°C using zinc chloride (ZnCl2 ) and sodium sulphide (Na2S) as precursors. Ascorbic acid was used as a capping agent. The synthesized ZnS NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. UV-visible spectra showed that the bandgap of synthesized NPs was 3.8-3.9 eV at two different temperatures. XRD analysis showed the particles were present in the cubic phase with a zinc blend structure. FTIR spectra were used in the confirmation of the chemical species of the synthesized NPs. The average particle size calculated by using Debye-Scherrer’s equation at 20°C and 40°C was found to be 5.01 and 3.1 nm which indicates that the particle size was temperature-dependent.
Optogenetic Low-Frequency Stimulation of Principal Neurons, but Not Parvalbumin-Positive Interneurons, Prevents Generation of Ictal Discharges in Rodent Entorhinal Cortex in an In Vitro 4-Aminopyridine Model

Low-frequency electrical stimulation is used to treat some drug-resistant forms of epilepsy. Despite the effectiveness of the method in suppressing seizures, there is a considerable risk of side effects. An optogenetic approach allows the targeting of specific populations of neurons, which can increase the effectiveness and safety of low-frequency stimulation. In our study, we tested the efficacy of the suppression of ictal activity in entorhinal cortex slices in a 4-aminopyridine model with three variants of low-frequency light stimulation (LFLS): (1) activation of excitatory and inhibitory neurons (on Thy1-ChR2-YFP mice), (2) activation of inhibitory interneurons only (on PV-Cre mice after virus injection with channelrhodopsin2 gene), and (3) hyperpolarization of excitatory neurons (on Wistar rats after virus injection with archaerhodopsin gene). Only in the first variant did simultaneous LFLS of excitatory and inhibitory neurons replace ictal activity with interictal activity. We suggest that LFLS caused changes in the concentration gradients of K+ and Na+ cations across the neuron membrane, which activated Na-K pumping. According to the mathematical modeling, the increase in Na-K pump activity in neurons induced by LFLS led to an antiepileptic effect. Thus, a less specific and generalized optogenetic effect on entorhinal cortex neurons was more effective in suppressing ictal activity in the 4-aminopyridine model.
Optimal Trend Inflation, Misallocation and the Pass-Through of Labour Costs to Prices

We show that a sticky price model featuring ﬁrms’ heterogeneity in terms of productivity and strategic complementarities in price setting delivers a strictly positive optimal inﬂation in steady state, diﬀerently from standard New Keynesian models. Due to strategic complementarities, more productive ﬁrms have higher markups in steady state. This leads to a misallocation distortion, as more productive ﬁrms produce too little compared to the social optimum. An increase of steady state inﬂation curbs the markups, especially those of the more productive ﬁrms, hence attenuating the ineﬃcient dispersion of markups. At low levels of inﬂation, the gains from the reduction in misallocation outweigh the cost of inﬂation. Heterogeneity in productivity and strategic complementarities in price setting, the key ingredients of our model, imply that also ﬁrms’ response to shocks is heterogenous: less productive ﬁrms transmit cost shocks to prices much more than more productive ones. To provide empirical support to our key mechanism we resort to a quasi-natural experiment occurred in Italy in late 2014, when a cut to social security contributions for all new open-ended contracts was announced. Consistently with our theory, we show that the pass-through of this shock to labour costs was much stronger for less productive ﬁrms.
The Multiple Roles of Periostin in Non-Neoplastic Disease

Periostin, identified as a matricellular protein and an ECM protein, plays a central role in non-neoplastic diseases. Periostin and its variants have been considered to be normally involved in the progression of most non-neoplastic diseases, including brain injury, ocular diseases, chronic rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, dental diseases, atopic dermatitis, scleroderma, eosinophilic esophagitis, asthma, cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, liver diseases, chronic kidney diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, and osteoarthrosis. Periostin interacts with protein receptors and transduces signals primarily through the PI3K/Akt and FAK two channels as well as other pathways to elicit tissue remodeling, fibrosis, inflammation, wound healing, repair, angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, bone formation, barrier, and vascular calcification. This review comprehensively integrates the multiple roles of periostin and its variants in non-neoplastic diseases, proposes the utility of periostin as a biological biomarker, and provides potential drug-developing strategies for targeting periostin.
The Antioxidant Potential of the Mediterranean Diet as a Predictor of Weight Loss after a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) in Women with Overweight and Obesity

Obesity involves a chronic state of low-grade inflammation, which is linked to the development of several comorbidities. Recently, the very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has gained great interest in the treatment of obesity, almost ousting the ancient and healthy Mediterranean diet (MD). However, because these dietary regimens exploit different pathophysiological mechanisms, we hypothesize that adherence to the MD may play a role in determining the efficacy of the VLCKD. We enrolled 318 women (age 38.84 ± 14.37 years; BMI 35.75 ± 5.18 kg/m²) and assessed their anthropometric parameters, body compositions, and adherence to the MD (with the PREvención con DIetaMEDiterránea (PREDIMED) questionnaire) at baseline. The anthropometric parameters and body composition were repeated at the end of the VLCKD. At the end of the VLCKD, the women with high adherence to the MD achieved the best results in terms of weight loss and improved body composition. Specifically, the women who were above the median of fat mass (FM)% reduction had the best MD pattern, characterized by a higher consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), fruits, vegetables, and red wine, as well as a higher adherence to the MD than the women who were below the same median. In a multiple regression analysis, the PREDIMED score was the main predictor of the FM% reduction score and came in first, followed by fruit, EVOO, and glasses of wine, in predicting the percentage reduction in FM. A PREDIMED score value of > 5 could serve as a threshold to identify patients who are more likely to lose FM at the end of the VLCKD. In conclusion, high adherence to the MD resulted in higher VLCKD efficacy. This could be due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the MD, which are capable of establishing a metabolic set-up that is favorable to the onset of more effective ketosis.
An Observational Study: Use of Systemic Antibiotics for Endodontic Infections Treatment

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and habits of Romanian dentists about prescribing systemic antibiotics via oral for endodontic infection treatment. Materials and Methods: In this study we asked Romanian dentists trough social media platforms and using Google Forms App to answer a 11 questions survey about systemic use of antibiotics (via oral) for endodontic infections. 116 dentists filled the questionnaire and the responses were considered valid. The collected data were processed statistically with the Microsoft Excel program (San 27 Francisco, USA). Results: 116 Romanian dentists responded to this questionnaire. 53% of them prescribed oral antibiotics for 5 days, 43% for 7 days and only 3% for 3 days. In non-allergic patients the majority prescribed as a first choice antibiotic amoxicillin in association with Clavulanic acid – 54% and only 30% prescribed simple amoxicillin. The most prescribed antibiotic for patients with penicillin allergy was clindamycin (61,3 %). In cases of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis 15,5 % prescribed antibiotic. For cases of pulp necrosis with asymptomatic apical periodontitis and the presence of a sinus tract 21,7% prescribed antibiotic. Regarding the prophylactic use of antibiotics 46% of the respondents prescribed it following outdated guide lines (1 g administered 1 hour before the procedure or 1g before and 1g after the procedure), or recommended it in cases where was no need for use of antibiotics (11,7% prescribed antibiotics for patients under treatment with oral bisphosphonates). Conclusion: The knowledge and habits of Romanian dentists about the use of antibiotics as a supportive treatment in endodontic infections must be updated and improved because many prescribe it in a wrong way or in unnecessary cases.
Evolution of magnetic anisotropy in epitaxial Fe films by ferromagnetic resonance

Single-crystal Fe films of 4 to 33 monolayers (ML) on GaAs (100) prepared by molecular-beam epitaxy were studied by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). The evolution of both in-plane and out-of-plane anisotropies was observed. The FMR data show a predominant in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the films with the thickness t less than 12.7 ML, with an easy axis along the 〈11_0〉 direction. An in-plane fourfold anisotropy due to cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropy starts to appear and coexists with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy when t=8.4 ML, and increases with increasing film thickness. For t=33 ML, the cubic anisotropy constant K1 reaches 28.2×104 erg/cm3, which is 60% of the value for bulk bcc Fe. A strong perpendicular anisotropy in the ultrathin Fe films was observed. For t=4 ML, the perpendicular anisotropy constant is as high as 14.6×106 erg/cm3. It decreases with increasing the thickness t and reaches about 2.1×106 erg/cm3 for 33 ML, while a small fourth-order perpendicular anisotropy appears and incr.
Fluid dynamic limits of kinetic equations II convergence proofs for the boltzmann equation

Using relative entropy estimates about an absolute Maxwellian, it is shown that any properly scaled sequence of DiPerna-Lions renormalized solutions of some classical Boltzmann equations has fluctuations that converge to an infinitesimal Maxwellian with fluid variables that satisfy the incompressibility and Boussinesq relations. Moreover, if the initial fluctuations entropically converge to an infinitesimal Maxwellian then the limiting fluid variables satisfy a version of the Leray energy inequality. If the sequence satisfies a local momentum conservation assumption, the momentum densities globaly converge to a solution of the Stokes equation. A similar discrete time version of this result holds for the Navier-Stokes limit with an additional mild weak compactness assumption. The continuous time Navier-Stokes limit is also discussed. 01993 John Wiley & Sons. , Inc.
BDF2 schemes for optimal parameter control problems governed by bilinear parabolic equations

In this paper, BDF2 schemes combined with the finite element method are proposed to solve control constrained optimal parameter control problems governed by bilinear parabolic equations, where the control variable acts as a reaction coefficient. The discretize‐then‐optimize (DO) approach is adopted. First, the state equation is discretized and two different discrete formulas are utilized for the objective functional. Then, by using the Lagrange multiplier method, two fully discrete first‐order necessary optimality systems are deduced and named as DO1 and DO2 systems, respectively. It can be found that the optimize‐then‐discretize (OD) and discretize‐then‐optimize (DO) approaches coincide in the case of the DO2 system. Furthermore, a priori error estimates are derived for the state, co‐state and control variables of the DO2 system, which show that the DO2 system has second‐order accuracy in time. Finally, three numerical examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical findings.