Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spine Injuries among Fatal Victims of Vehicular Accidents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Spine injury is one of the critical injuries due to vehicular accidents as injuries to the spine often cause morbidity and sometimes death especially if at upper cervical spine. This study aims to determine and compare the patterns of spinal injury in passenger car occupants, motorcyclists and pedestrians involved in road accidents. The study was undertaken on 670 victims of road traffic accidents who died due to all types of injuries and who were autopsied at Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Malaysia over a period of 4 years between January 2006 and December 2009. Of the 670 motor vehicle occupant fatalities included in the study, 176 (26.3%) cases presented with spine injuries. Most of the victims were motorcyclists (N=102, 62.2%) followed by passenger car occupants (N=43, 26.2%) and pedestrians (N=19, 11.6%). Of spinal injuries, the cervical region is the most common in all road accident victims. A higher proportion of maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS) 4 – 6 spine injuries were found for passenger car occupants compared to motorcyclists and pedestrians. Although 164 road accident victims presented with spine injuries, only 9 were attributed as the primary cause of death. Taking into account spine injuries contributing to fatal outcome, there were altogether 8.4% (56 out of 670) victims. The fatalities due to the spine injury are indeed very low and the occurrences of high severity spine injuries are usually concomitant with high severity injury in other body regions. The high severity of head and thorax injuries concomitant with spine injuries suggested that improved protection against injuries of these vital body regions could reduce spine injury severity as well.
Type of Recurrence, Cause of Death and Second Neoplasms among 737 Patients with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast—15-Year Follow-Up

Simple Summary A retrospective analysis of 737 consecutive DCIS patients with a 15-year follow-up was carried out. Sixty-six recurrences (42% DCIS, 58% invasive) were reported: 61 in the breast and 5 outside the breast. 79% of local recurrences were true recurrences. The highest number of recurrences was reported in patients after local excision without radiotherapy despite the fact that it was the lowest-risk group. Deaths due to DCIS progression were reported in 0.5% of all patients and in 10.5% of patients with invasive recurrences. The majority of deaths were linked to the age of the patients or other diseases, including other neoplasms. Abstract Aim: To assess the outcomes of 737 consecutive patients with DCIS, with particular attention to the type of recurrences, other malignancies and causes of deaths. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 737 consecutive DCIS patients treated in one institution in the years 1996–2011 was carried out. The cumulative recurrence risk, DFS, OS depending on the method of treatment (mastectomy, breast-conserving treatment (BCT), breast-conserving surgery (BCS)) and cause of death were assessed. Results: Sixty-six recurrences (42% DCIS, 58% invasive) were reported: 61 in the breast and 5 outside the breast. The cumulative recurrence risk after a 15-year observation after mastectomy, BCT and BCS was 3.2%, 19.5% and 31.2%, respectively (p < 0.001). The 15-year DFS after mastectomy, BCT and BCS was 72%, 65% and 48%, respectively (p < 0.001). The 15-year OS after mastectomy, BCT and BCS was 75%, 83% and 70%, respectively (p = 0.329). Deaths due to DCIS progression were reported in four (0.5%) of the overall patients and in 10.5% of patients with invasive recurrences. The majority of deaths were linked to the age of the patients or other diseases, including other neoplasms, but not DCIS. Conclusions: The highest number of recurrences was reported in patients after BCS, despite the fact that it was the lowest-risk group. In total, 79% of local recurrences were true recurrences and 58% were invasive recurrences. Local recurrences were effectively treated without an influence on the OS. The percentage of deaths due to DCIS was low and mainly concerned patients with locoregional and distant failure.
The Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Penile Vasculature and Cardiodynamics among Young Saudi Population

Erectile and cardiovascular dysfunctions in cigarette smokers are important signs resulting probably due to pelvic autonomic neuropathy with damage to the parasympathetic nervi erigentes. Evidence related to neuropathic etiology comes from studies that show structural changes in autonomic nerve fibers supplying the corpora cavernosa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on penile mid shaft circumference and length, penile pulse amplitude, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and heart rate in response to erotic stimulation in young Saudi men living in Western region of Saudi Arabia (Makkah). In this free-living population study data was collected from100 men each (mild, moderate and heavy cigarette smokers) ages between 20 and 35 years with a mean age of 26.42 ± 10.69 years along with 100 age matched healthy non smokers who served as controls. Heavy cigarette smoker group showed a significant decrease (p<0.0005) in mid shaft penile circumference and length and penile pulse amplitude where as both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate exhibited a significant increase (P<0.025, P<0.0005 and P<0.005 respectively. However this difference was found to be non significant in mild smoker group when compared with non smoker controls. We hypothesized that heavy cigarette smoking seems to be associated with sub-fertility in these males with significant alteration in the penile vasculature and cardiodynamics in a dose-dependent manner.
A training model for the community healthcare volunteers’ knowledge on periodontal disease and birth outcome

Background: Indonesian community healthcare volunteers and pregnant women have not received sufficient special training; they lack knowledge about periodontal disease risks during pregnancy and childbirth. The purpose of this research was to increase community healthcare volunteers' knowledge about periodontal disease, which is a risk during pregnancy and childbirth.Methods: The 9 step theory based training model included stages from problem identification to evaluation that would be incorporated into dental and oral health education programs at public health centers. A quantitative pre-experiment with one subject group compared pre-test and post-test designs. Dentists provided 9-step training to 53 community healthcare volunteers at a health center, East Jakarta. Fifty pregnant women were then given similar training by the community healthcare volunteers.Results: The result was an increase in knowledge among community healthcare volunteers and pregnant women (α=0.05; p=0.000 with the Wilcoxon test). No significant difference was observed on educational aids between flipchart and puzzle cards in increasing knowledge among community healthcare volunteers (p=0.969 with an independent t-test) and pregnant women (p=0.359 with the Mann-Whitney test). Conclusions: The 9-step theory–based training model was found to be effective in increasing knowledge among community healthcare volunteers. Flipchart and puzzle cards were equally effective in increasing knowledge among community healthcare volunteers and pregnant women.
Crossing the line: constructs of TA identity

ABSTRACT This paper considers issues around identity for teaching assistants (TAs) in mainstream English primary schools. We discuss the concomitant problems TAs experience around role definition and role-creep as well as the challenges inherent in equivocally defining their evolving and flexible role. We used key themes drawn from the literature considered to suggest that professional identity is broadly socially, relationally and contextually dependent, changeable and multifaceted. We then explore how these terms relate to the work and roles TAs undertake in school. The paper concludes with recommendations for schools to support the development of a contextually relevant identity for TAs so the flexibility in their role can be advantageous for TAs, teachers and children.
Adaptive hp-Refinement for 2-D Maxwell Eigenvalue Problems: Method and Benchmarks

We present an application of goal-oriented adaptive isotropic hp-refinement for the 2-D Maxwell eigenvalue problem. We apply a simplified goal-oriented error expression for improving the accuracy of the eigenvalues, which, when combined with indicators derived from the solution, enables highly targeted discretization tuning. Furthermore, we introduce an hp-refinement/coarsening optimizer coupled with smoothness estimation for refinement classification and execution. These enhancements yield cost-effective resource allocations that reach extremely high accuracy rapidly even for eigenvalues of singular eigenfunctions. Finally, we provide numerical benchmarks more accurate than existing numerical reference values, along with new benchmarks for higher order modes that will facilitate the comparison and development of new approaches to adaptivity and hp finite elements in computational electromagnetics (CEM). Our implementation is based on the open-source finite element library deal.II.
Therapeutic Effects of Bee Bread on Obesity-Induced Testicular-Derived Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in High-Fat Diet Obese Rat Model

Obesity is a debilitating disorder with a variety of problems including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. The aim of our study was to investigate the therapeutic role of bee bread on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in the testis of obese rats. Thirty-two adult male Sprague Dawley rats, with weights between 230–300 g, were distributed into four groups (n = 8/group), namely normal control (C), obese (Ob), obese + BB or obese + OR [high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks then HFD plus bee bread or orlistat for another 6 weeks] groups. Bee bread (0.5 g/kg) or orlistat (10 mg/kg/day) was diluted with distilled water and administered daily for 6 weeks by oral gavage. There were significant decreases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes [glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR)], glutathione (GSH)] and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels and mRNA expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase (Sod), catalase (Cat) and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) in the obese group relative to the control group. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory markers, namely: inducible nitric oxide synthase (Inos), nuclear factor kappa B (Nf-κβ), tumour necrotic factor α (Tnf-α) and interleukin 1β (Il-1β) were significantly increased while interleukin (Il-10) was decreased in the obese group relative to the control group. Further, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoexpressions decreased while cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemical staining increased significantly in the obese group, in addition to increases in the mRNA levels of p53, Bax, Caspases-8, 9 and 3, relative to the control group. Treatment with bee bread showed increases in antioxidant enzymes and PCNA immunoexpression, as well as decreases in inflammation and apoptosis markers in the testes. This study has shown that bee bread has therapeutic effects against oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis in the testis of HFD-induced obese male rats, thereby suggesting its role as a natural supplement capable of treating obesity-induced male reproductive impairment.
Roles of α-Synuclein and Disease-Associated Factors in Drosophila Models of Parkinson’s Disease

α-Synuclein (αSyn) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. The accumulation of αSyn is a pathological hallmark of PD, and mutations in the SNCA gene encoding αSyn cause familial forms of PD. Moreover, the ectopic expression of αSyn has been demonstrated to mimic several key aspects of PD in experimental model systems. Among the various model systems, Drosophila melanogaster has several advantages for modeling human neurodegenerative diseases. Drosophila has a well-defined nervous system, and numerous tools have been established for its genetic analyses. The rapid generation cycle and short lifespan of Drosophila renders them suitable for high-throughput analyses. PD model flies expressing αSyn have contributed to our understanding of the roles of various disease-associated factors, including genetic and nongenetic factors, in the pathogenesis of PD. In this review, we summarize the molecular pathomechanisms revealed to date using αSyn-expressing Drosophila models of PD, and discuss the possibilities of using these models to demonstrate the biological significance of disease-associated factors.
Extent and Volume of Lava Flows Erupted at 9°50′N, East Pacific Rise in 2005–2006 From Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Surveys

Seafloor volcanic eruptions are difficult to directly observe due to lengthy eruption cycles and the remote location of mid‐ocean ridges. Volcanic eruptions in 2005–2006 at 9°50′N on the East Pacific Rise have been well documented, but the lava volume and flow extent remain uncertain because of the limited near‐bottom bathymetric data. We present near‐bottom data collected during 19 autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Sentry dives at 9°50′N in 2018, 2019, and 2021. The resulting 1 m‐resolution bathymetric grid and 20 cm‐resolution sidescan sonar images cover 115 km2, and span the entire area of the 2005–2006 eruptions, including an 8 km2 pre‐eruption survey collected with AUV ABE in 2001. Pre‐ and post‐eruption surveys, combined with sidescan sonar images and seismo‐acoustic impulsive events recorded during the eruptions, are used to quantify the lava flow extent and to estimate changes in seafloor depth caused by lava emplacement. During the 2005–2006 eruptions, lava flowed up to ∼3 km away from the axial summit trough, covering an area of ∼20.8 km2; ∼50% larger than previously thought. Where pre‐ and post‐eruption surveys overlap, individual flow lobes can be resolved, confirming that lava thickness varies from ∼1 to 10 m, and increases with distance from eruptive fissures. The resulting lava volume estimate indicates that ∼57% of the melt extracted from the axial melt lens probably remained in the subsurface as dikes. These observations provide insights into recharge cycles in the subsurface magma system, and are a baseline for studying future eruptions at the 9°50′N area.
Efforts of State-Owned Enterprises (SOE) in Disseminating Pancasila by Actualizing Tri Hita Karana (THK)

This research aims to determine the efforts of SOE in disseminating Pancasila by actualizing Tri Hita Karana. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data was collected by means of documentation. The results of this research indicated that the dissemination of Pancasila by SOE through the actualization of Tri Hita Karana can be seen from the ESR and CSR. The harmonious relationship between SOE and God is carried out through SOE activities that are oriented towards supporting the community in religion, for example building houses of worship, Ramadan package support, Iftar with Orphans, Hajj support, Tirtayatra, Pilgrimage, and religious discussions, as well as spiritual development. The dissemination of Pancasila through the actualization of Tri Hita Karana, especially in establishing a harmonious relationship with the environment is carried out by SOE through investment in the environmentally friendly sector, maintaining a balance in the exploitation of natural resources, and waste treatment (waste recycling). The dissemination of Pancasila through the actualization of Tri Hita Karana by SOE in building harmonious relations with humans is reflected in their concern for the community by empowering them socially and economically, education/training, improving health, organizing public facilities and infrastructure.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya BUMN dalam mendiseminasikan Pancasila dengan mengaktualisasikan Tri Hita Karana. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan diseminasi Pancasila oleh BUMN melalui aktualisasi Tri Hita Karana dapat dilihat dari TJSL dan CSRnya. Hubungan harmonis antara BUMN dengan Tuhan dilakukan melalui kegiatan BUMN yang orientasinya mendukung masyarakat dalam keagamaan, misalnya membangun rumah ibadah, bantuan paket Ramadhan, Buka Puasa Bersama Anak Yatim, bantuan naik haji, Tirtayatra, Ziarah, dan diskusi keagamaan, serta pembinaan rohani. Diseminasi Pancasila melalui aktualisasi Tri Hita Karana, terutama dalam menjalin hubungan harmonis dengan lingkungan dilakukan BUMN melalui investasi pada sektor ramah lingkungan, menjaga keseimbangan eksploitasi sumber daya alam, pengolahan limbah (daur ulang limbah). Diseminasi Pancasila melalui aktualisasi Tri Hita Karana oleh BUMN dalam membangun hubungan harmonis dengan manusia tercermin dari kepeduliannya kepada masyarakat dengan memberdayakan secara sosial dan ekonominya, pendidikan/pelatihan, peningkatan kesehatan, penyelenggaraan sarana, dan prasarana umum.
DESKRIPSI PROSES KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN SAYURAN ORGANIK YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH KONSUMEN WARUNG SEHAT 1000 KEBUN BANDUNG

The trend of consumption of organic vegetables in urban areas is increasing. Warung Sehat 1000 Kebun Bandung is one of the organic vegetable marketers in Bandung. The number of competitors and ensuring the availability of organic vegetables according to consumer needs is a problem that is being faced. This study aims to describe consumer characteristics, purchase decision processes, and analyze the factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions. This study applies a quantitative design with a survey technique to 42 respondents. Sampling was done by convenience. Data were analyzed by frequency distribution to determine the description of consumer characteristics, purchasing decision processes, and factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions. Based on the research results, consumers of organic vegetables at Warung Sehat 1000 Kebun Bandung are mostly women aged 36-45 years and 56-65 years, married, are housewives, and have an income of > Rp. 6,000,000. Consumption of organic vegetables is done erratically. Health and environmental sustainability are aspects that consumers consider in buying organic vegetables. Most consumers get information about organic vegetables from electronic media. Product quality, especially product freshness, is the main focus in finding information and considerations when buying products. Consumers are satisfied with the product and will continue to buy organic vegetables at Warung Sehat 1000 Kebun Bandung even though there is an increase in prices. The development of information and communication technology, income, lifestyle, and knowledge are the main considerations for consumers in buying organic vegetables. The family is the main reference for consumers in purchasing organic vegetables. Most of the purchases of organic vegetables are made by consumers at the instigation of themselves.
Modeling the Electrocardiogram as Oscillatory Almost-Cyclostationary Process

A new model for the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is proposed. Specifically, the ECG signal is modeled as an amplitude-modulated and time-warped version of a cyclostationary process which is the sum of a periodic signal and a zero-mean cyclostationary term. For the proposed model, the second-order characterization is derived in both time and frequency domains. The autocorrelation function is shown to be the superposition of amplitude- and angle-modulated sine waves and the Loève bifrequency spectrum a spread version of that of the underlying cyclostationary process. The signal model belongs the recently introduced class of the oscillatory almost-cyclostationary processes. A procedure for estimating the second-order statistical functions in both time and frequency domains is outlined. The effectiveness of the proposed model and of the estimation procedure is corroborated by measurements on real ECG signals which are in full agreement with the theoretical analytical expressions. The proposed model is shown to be effective with observation intervals much larger than those adopted up to now with the classical cyclostationary model and is suitable to be exploited for arrhythmia modeling and characterization, and for diagnosis and biometric purposes.
Psychometric Properties of the Hebrew Modified Dental Anxiety Scale in Adult Israeli Population

Dental anxiety results in the neglect of oral hygiene and poor oral health, requiring an accurate screening tool for dental practitioners to evaluate dental anxiety. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) is frequently used cross-culturally. The present study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Hebrew version of the MDSA. A total of 553 (mean age 35.87 years, SD = 13.14) Israeli participants were recruited through means of social media, mailing lists, and forums. The sample was randomly divided into two population sets. Dental anxiety was evaluated using the Hebrew version of the MDAS. The psychometric evaluation consisted of exploratory factor analysis (study 1, n = 274) and confirmatory factor analysis (study 2, n = 279). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to assess internal consistency. Results showed high internal consistency (0.93) for the Hebrew version of the MDAS. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a single factor solution. Findings demonstrated 13.4% of Israeli participants with dental anxiety. Younger participants, females, participants with lower education, lower income, and more religious participants reported higher dental anxiety. In conclusion, the Hebrew version of the MDAS demonstrated high reliability and validity. It is recommended to use the Hebrew version of the MDAS to evaluate dental anxiety in Israeli dental settings.
Lactose Malabsorption and Presumed Related Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence

Background. Lactose malabsorption (LM) is a frequent clinical problem associated with several digestive and extra-digestive diseases. The aim of this manuscript was to clarify the real clinical impact of LM on these disorders. Methods. A literature search for digestive and extra-digestive disorders related to LM was carried out using PubMed, Medline and Cochrane. Results. A transient lactase deficiency is present in celiac disease (CD) on a normal diet. The persistence of symptoms in CD on a gluten-free diet may be instead, in part, attributed to a primary LM. Similar circumstances are present in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), in which LM can be responsible for a part of persistent symptoms in IBD on clinical remission. LM and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are instead independent conditions. On the other hand, a lactose-restricted diet may be useful for some IBS patients. A reduced lactose intake can lead to low bone mass and limited risk of fragility fractures. Finally, the absorption of levothyroxine could be conditioned by LM. Conclusions. LM can be responsible for persistent symptoms in CD and IBD. The association with IBS seems to be casual. Bone mass and levothyroxine absorption can be affected by LM.