Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new signature of primordial non-Gaussianities from the abundance of galaxy clusters

ABSTRACT The evolution with time of the abundance of galaxy clusters is very sensitive to the statisticalproperties of the primordial density perturbations. It can thus be used to probe small devia-tions from Gaussianity in the initial conditions. The characterization of such deviations wouldhelp distinguish between different inﬂationary scenarios, and provide us with information onphysical processes which took place in the early Universe. We have found that when the infor-mation contained in the galaxy cluster counts is used to reconstruct the dark energy equationof state as a function of redshift, assuming erroneously that no primordial non-Gaussianitiesexist, an apparent evolution with time in the effective dark energy equation of state arises,characterized by the appearance of a clear discontinuity.Key words: galaxies: clusters – surveys 1 INTRODUCTIONOne of the most fundamental predictions of the simplest standard,single ﬁeld, slow-roll inﬂationary cosmology, is that the primordialdensity ﬂuctuations, that seeded the formation of the large-scalestructure we see today, were nearly Gaussian distributed (see e.g.Creminelli 2003; Maldacena 2003; Lyth & Rodr´iguez 2005; Seery& Lidsey 2005; Sefusatti & Komatsu 2007. Such prediction seemsto be in good agreement with current observations of the cosmicmicrowave background anisotropies (e.g. Slosar et al. 2008) andlarge-scale structure (e.g. Komatsu et al. 2011). Nevertheless, asigniﬁcant, potentially observable level of non-Gaussianity may beproduced in some inﬂationary models where any of the conditionsthat give rise to the standard single-ﬁeld, slow-roll inﬂation fail.The detection of primordial non-Gaussianities would decreaseconsiderably the number of viable inﬂationary models, and it wouldgive us an insight on key physical processes that took place in theearly Universe. Such detection could be achieved through the statis-tical characterization of the properties of the large-scale structure,namely the bispectrum and/or trispectrum of the galaxy distribution(e.g. Sefusatti & Komatsu 2007; Matarrese & Verde 2008), or thedetermination of the evolution with time of the abundance of mas-sive collapsed objects such as galaxy clusters (see e.g. Matarreseet al. 2000; Robinson & Baker 2000). These form at high peaks ofthe density ﬁeld (x) = ˆ=ˆand their number density as a functionof redshift depends on the growth of structure, thus being sensitiveto the dynamics and energy content of the Universe and to the sta-tistical properties of the primordial density ﬂuctuations. In this work, we address the issue of how primordial non-
A novel approach for power load forecast based on GAN data augmentation

At present, the concept of Smart Grid is intimately related to huge volumes of data generation, known as Big Data. These play a key role as far as the improvement of the network operation is concerned and, above all, when it comes to energy consumption. Hence the load forecast based on Big Data processing represents a reliable alternative in carrying out an accurate load prediction. As such, a new approach for the power load forecast, based on GAN data augmentation, for a hospital, within a Smart Grid, will be presented in this work.
Electromagnetic spectrum monitoring of LTE channels based on SDR portable sensor: preliminary analysis

This paper presents preliminary research for the implementation and testing of a Software Defined Radio (SDR) sensor with electromagnetic spectrum monitoring capabilities for measuring signals specific to the Long-TermEvolution (LTE) mobile communications standard. The proposed sensor is developed on the ADALM Pluto SDR platform - and is designed to acquire a bandwidth of at least 20MHz. To determine the spatial extent of the measurements, the sensor also includes a GPS (Global Positioning System) module. The hardware control of the sensor is performed both in stationary variant using a laptop and in mobile mode using a low-cost module - Raspberry Pi. Present findings suggest that the designed SDR solution represents a reliable and low-cost alternative for real-time spectrum monitoring of wideband signals like the case of 4G-specific signals. The cost of the whole implemented monitoring system is about EUR 330.
Epidemic dynamics for time-dependent transmission rate based on viral load dynamics: multi infection stage EBCM approach

Many epidemic modeling studies rely on the common assumption that the disease transmission rate between individuals is constant. However, in reality, transmission rates depend on the time-varying viral load of the infected individual. The time-dependent transmission rate has the potential to affect the spread of an epidemic. In this study, the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 transmission rate profiles were developed based on the viral load of infected individuals and dose-response curves. In addition, a new epidemic model, the multi-infectious stage edge-based compartment model, was proposed to apply the transmission rate profile to epidemic dynamics in both static and temporal networks. It was determined that in terms of the final epidemic size there is no discrepancy between the constant and time-dependent transmission rates in the static network. However, the time at which the infected fraction peaks, and the peak infection fraction are dependent on the transmission rate profile. However, in temporal networks, the final epidemic size for the constant transmission rate is higher than that for the time-dependent transmission rate. In conclusion, the time-dependent transmission rate strongly affects the epidemic dynamics.
The Effect of 1.74 and 2.3 GHz Microwave Exposure of Ailanthus Altissima Leaf Extracts on their Antioxidant Content and Activity

Microwave (MW) irradiation in reactors with input power levels of 200-1000 W has been frequently applied for the extraction of natural compounds from vegetal material. The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of much lower MW input powers (< 12 W) delivered through antennas into shielded enclosures on mixtures of ethanol solution-Ailanthus altissima leaves (frozen and oven-dried), at different frequencies (1.74 and 2.3 GHz) and exposure times (0.5, 1 and 3 h). The phenolic content and antioxidant activity were quantified after the exposures. Significant differences between the antioxidant content/ activity and the type of raw material were found, in favour of frozen samples. After MW treatment, the bioactive content and activity increased in frozen Ailanthus leaf extracts compared to control. No significant effect was observed in case of extracts prepared from oven-dried samples at 60°C. The ATR-FTIR analysis indicates no significant structural changes after the irradiation. These results revealed a better extractability of phenolic compounds following MW exposure in particular at 2.3 GHz.
Gravitational collapse of massless scalar field in $f(R)$ gravity

We study the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of massless scalar matter field in asymptotic flat spacetime in the Starobinsky ${R}^{2}$ gravity, one specific model in the $f(R)$ gravity. In the Einstein frame of $f(R)$ gravity, an additional scalar field arises due to the conformal transformation. We find that in addition to the usual competition between gravitational energy and kinetic energy in the process of gravitational collapse, the new scalar field brought by the conformal transformation adds one more competing force in the dynamical system. The dynamical competition can be controlled by tuning the amplitudes of the initial perturbations of the new scalar field and the matter field. To understand the physical reasons behind these phenomena, we analyze the gravitational potential behavior and calculate the Ricci scalar at center with the change of initial amplitudes of perturbations. We find rich physics on the formation of black holes through gravitational collapse in $f(R)$ gravity.
Transport through a vibrating quantum dot: Polaronic effects

We present a Green's function based treatment of the effects of electron-phonon coupling on transport through a molecular quantum dot in the quantum limit. Thereby we combine an incomplete variational Lang-Firsov approach with a perturbative calculation of the electron-phonon self energy in the framework of generalised Matsubara Green functions and a Landauer-type transport description. Calculating the ground-state energy, the dot single-particle spectral function and the linear conductance at finite carrier density, we study the low-temperature transport properties of the vibrating quantum dot sandwiched between metallic leads in the whole electron-phonon coupling strength regime. We discuss corrections to the concept of an anti-adiabatic dot polaron and show how a deformable quantum dot can act as a molecular switch.
Satellite-Based Tropical Cyclone Intensity Estimation Using the NOAA-KLM Series Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU)

Abstract Satellite-borne passive microwave radiometers, such as the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) on the NOAA polar-orbiting series, are well suited to monitor tropical cyclones (TCs) by virtue of their ability to assess changes in tropospheric warm core structure in the presence of clouds. The temporal variability in TC upper-tropospheric warm anomaly (UTWA) size, structure, and magnitude provides vital information on changes in kinematic structure and minimum sea level pressure (MSLP) through well-established thermodynamic and dynamic principles. This study outlines the aspects of several factors affecting the effective AMSU measurement accuracy of UTWAs, including the practical application of a previously developed maximum likelihood regression algorithm designed to explicitly correct for TC scan geometry and UTWA–antenna gain pattern interaction issues (UTWA subsampling) unique to TC warm core applications. This single-channel AMSU approach (54.96 GHz) is the first step toward a more elabora.
Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity with future galaxy surveys

We study the constraining power on primordial non-Gaussianity of future surveys of the large-scale structure of the Universe for both near-term surveys (such as the Dark Energy Survey – DES) as well as longer term projects such as Euclid and WFIRST. Specifically we perform a Fisher matrix analysis forecast for such surveys, using DES-like and Euclid-like configurations as examples, and take account of any expected photometric and spectroscopic data. We focus on two-point statistics and consider three observables: the 3D galaxy power spectrum in redshift space, the angular galaxy power spectrum and the projected weak-lensing shear power spectrum. We study the effects of adding a few extra parameters to the basic Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) set. We include the two standard parameters to model the current value for the dark-energy equation of state and its time derivative, w0, wa, and we account for the possibility of primordial non-Gaussianity of the local, equilateral and orthogonal types, of parameter fNL and, optionally, of spectral index . We present forecasted constraints on these parameters using the different observational probes. We show that accounting for models that include primordial non-Gaussianity does not degrade the constraint on the standard ΛCDM set nor on the dark-energy equation of state. By combining the weak-lensing data and the information on projected galaxy clustering, consistently including all two-point functions and their covariance, we find forecasted marginalized errors σ(fNL) ∼ 3, from a Euclid-like survey for the local shape of primordial non-Gaussianity, while the orthogonal and equilateral constraints are weakened for the galaxy clustering case, due to the weaker scale dependence of the bias. In the lensing case, the constraints remain instead similar in all configurations.
A CATALOG OF GALEX ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION FROM SPECTROSCOPICALLY CONFIRMED M DWARFS

We present a catalog of Galaxy Evolution Explorer Near-UV (NUV) and Far-UV (FUV) photometry for the Palomar/MSU and SDSS DR7 spectroscopic M dwarf catalogs. The catalog contains NUV measurements matched to 577 spectroscopically confirmed M dwarfs and FUV measurements matched to 150 spectroscopically confirmed M dwarfs. Using these data, we find that NUV and FUV luminosities strongly correlate with Hα emission, a typical indicator of magnetic activity in M dwarfs. We also examine the fraction of M dwarfs with varying degrees of strong line emission at NUV wavelengths. Our results indicate that the frequency of M dwarf NUV emission peaks at intermediate spectral types, with at least ∼30% of young M4–M5 dwarfs having some level of activity. For mid-type M dwarfs, we show that NUV emission decreases with distance from the Galactic plane, a proxy for stellar age. Our complete matched source catalog is available online.
Renormalization group flow in scalar-tensor theories: II

We study the UV behaviour of actions including integer powers of scalar curvature and even powers of scalar fields with functional renormalization group techniques. We find UV fixed points where the gravitational couplings have nontrivial values while the matter ones are Gaussian. We prove several properties of the linearized flow at such a fixed point in arbitrary dimensions in the one-loop approximation and find recursive relations among the critical exponents. We illustrate these results in explicit calculations in d = 4 for actions including up to four powers of scalar curvature and two powers of the scalar field. In this setting we note that the same recursive properties among the critical exponents, which were proven at one-loop order, still hold, in such a way that the UV critical surface is found to be five dimensional. We then search for the same type of fixed point in a scalar theory with minimal coupling to gravity in d = 4 including up to eight powers of scalar curvature. Assuming that the recursive properties of the critical exponents still hold, one would conclude that the UV critical surface of these theories is five dimensional.
The Impact of Leadership Program Formatting on Perceived Development Within Pharmacy Cohorts

Objective. To assess the impact of variable leadership development program formats on perceived participant growth. Methods. In 2020, the Phi Lambda Sigma national office began offering national Leader Academies to members, while University of South Florida Health Taneja College of Pharmacy simultaneously offered a Leader Academy program to its Phi Lambda Sigma students. Both programs used virtual leadership development tools from GiANT Worldwide, but differed in meeting frequency, content focus, and participant diversity. A 17-question pre- and postsurvey was developed from the Emotional Intelligence Leadership Inventory. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to compare the cohorts. Results. Twenty-two respondents in the national cohort (66.7% response rate) and 15 in the single-institution cohort (100% response rate) were included. There was more diversity in age, ethnicity, and previous education in the national cohort. Significant improvements in perceived growth were noted in almost all areas. The only decrease noted was the national cohort response to “I strive to improve myself. ” The overall change in mean response values was generally higher for the single-institution cohort. Qualitative data supported these results and showed more notable references to emotional intelligence in the national cohorts (∼50%) as compared to the single-institution cohort (<25%). Conclusion. Study results suggest that participation in a longitudinal leadership development program, regardless of cohort format, leads to perceived participant improvement in three categories. However, perceived benefit within each of these categories may vary depending on the cohort. Future studies are needed to further evaluate specific leadership arenas and validate the leadership assessment tool.
Prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children 1–9 years old at Arsi Negele Town, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Southern Ethiopia

Background Trachoma is a public health issue in more than 50 nations worldwide, mainly in Sub-Saharan Africa, where hundreds of millions of people are considered blind. Ethiopia is projected to have 30% of the global active trachoma burden. The frequency of Trachoma Folliculitis in children aged 1 to 9 years old is 30% in the Oromia Region. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of active trachoma and associated variables among children aged 1 to 9 years old in Arsi Negele Town, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Southern Ethiopia, December 24–26, 2019. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Arsi Negele town community on December 24–26, 2019. A total of 178 study volunteers were recruited using a single population proportion formula and assigned to families in the town’s three kebeles in proportion. A simple random selection procedure was used to choose study participants from the identified households. Madda Walabu University provided ethical approval, and different government structures provided letters of permission. Pre-tested structured questionnaires and binocular loupes X 2.5 were used to collect data from either mothers or fathers of eligible children for eye examination; torches with bottles of alcohol were used to gather data from either mothers or fathers of eligible children for eye examination. For analysis, data was entered into (IBM, SPSS) version 22. To assess factors associated with active trachoma, bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used. The crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to investigate the degree of association between the independent variables and active trachoma. Multivariate logistic regression was used to find connections between dependent and independent variables with a p≤ 0.05 confidence levels and a 95% confidence interval. Result The prevalence of active trachoma was determined to be 21.91% TF among 178 children aged 1 to 9 years. Flies on children’s faces (AOR = 3.427; 95 percent CI: 1.432–8.171), unclean children’s faces (AOR = 3.99; 95 percent CI: 1.427–11.158), face washing habits (AOR = 3.064; 95 percent CI: 1.273–7.373), and not using soap while face washing (AOR = 4.564; 95 percent CI 1.561–13.342) were found to be statistically significant associated factors with the prevalence of active trachoma. Conclusion The prevalence of active trachoma was found to be relatively high. Face washing practices and the lack of soap use while washing faces were found as associated factors requiring optimal interventions to prevent trachoma infection among children aged 1–9 years in Arsi Negele town.
“Every day I grew stronger and stronger being there”.: empowerment through land-and art-based Peer Leader retreats with Indigenous and Northern young people

ABSTRACT Indigenous adolescents in Canada are among those shouldering the impacts of colonialism and racism. Peer approaches and art-and-land-based programming have demonstrated promise to support empowerment and well-being, yet little is known about their efficacy with Northern and Indigenous adolescents in Canada or of how this group conceptualises empowerment. Fostering Open eXpression among Youth (FOXY) and Strength, Masculinities, and Sexual Health (SMASH) conduct land-and-arts-based Peer Leader Retreats with adolescents from the Northwest Territories, Nunavut and the Yukon Territories. Retreats (2017–2019) included 286 participants (n=196 women [trans-inclusive], n=84 men [trans-inclusive], n=5 non-binary), aged 12–19, the majority of whom (n=235) were Indigenous. Participants completed surveys immediately before and following retreats and 6 months after. Focus group discussions (FGDs) (n=24) were conducted with participants (peer leaders and apprentices) (n=232) following the retreat, and youth staff members (peer facilitators) (aged 14–21, n=7 FGDs). Applying thematic analysis, we explored retreat experiences (FGDs), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to examine pre/post retreat changes in leadership, empowerment, and self-confidence (surveys). Quantitatively, there were statistically significant increases in leadership and empowerment in post-retreat scores compared to pre-retreat. Qualitatively, findings demonstrate how Peer Leader Retreats premised on land-and-art-based approaches can support empowerment, confidence, leadership, and social-connectedness.
Not so fast! Response times in the computerized Benton Face Recognition Test may not reflect face recognition ability

ABSTRACT Response times (RTs) are commonly used to assess cognitive abilities, though it is unclear whether face processing RTs predict recognition ability beyond accuracy. In the current study, we examined accuracy and RT on a widely used face matching assessment modified to collect meaningful RT data, the computerized Benton Facial Recognition Test (BFRT-c), and measured whether RTs predicted face recognition ability and developmental prosopagnosia (DP) vs. control group membership. 62 controls and 36 DPs performed the BFRT-c as well as validated measures of face recognition ability: the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) and a Famous Faces Memory Test (FFMT). In controls, BFRT-c accuracy robustly predicted CFMT (r = .49, p < .001), FFMT (r = .43, p < .001), and a CFMT-FFMT composite (r = .54, p < .001), whereas BFRT-c RT was not significantly associated with these measures (all r's .21). We also found that BFRT-c accuracy significantly differed between DPs and controls, but RT failed to differentiate the groups.
Quantifying the role of bars in the build-up of central mass concentrations in disc galaxies

We analyze the role of bars in the build-up of central mass concentrations in massive, disk galaxies. Our parent sample consists of 3757 face-on disk galaxies with redshifts between 0.01 and 0.05, selected from the seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. 1555 galaxies with bars are identified using position angle and el lipticity profiles of the i-band light. We compare the ratio of the specific star formation rate measu red in the 1-3 kpc central region of the galaxy to that measured for the whole galaxy. Galaxies with strong bars have centrally enhanced star formation; the degree of enhancement depends primarily on the ellipticity of the bar, and not on the size of the bar or on the mass or structure of the host galaxy. The fraction of galaxies with strong bars is highest at stellar m asses greater than 3×10 10 M⊙, stellar surface densities less than 3× 10 8 M⊙ and concentration indices less than 2.5. In this region of parameter space, galaxies with strong bars either have enhanced central star formation rates, or star formation that is suppressed compared to the mean. This suggests that bars may play a role in the eventual quenching of star formation in galaxies. Only 50% of galaxies with strongly concentrated star formation have strong bars, indicating that other processes such as galaxy interactions also induce central star-bursts. We al so find that the ratio of the size of the bar to that of the disk depends mainly on the colour of the galaxy, suggesting that the growth and destruction of bars are regulated by gas accretion, as su ggested by simulations.