Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement of carbon dioxide removal through artificial light intensity and temperature by constructed green microalgae consortium in a vertical bubble column photobioreactor

Aims: This study was aimed to demonstrate that environmental conditions, such as light intensity, photoperiodism and temperature, played a determining role in improving CO2 removal and cellular propagation. Photosynthesis by microalgae in a direct CO2 to biomass conversion in engineered systems such as photobioreactors, has been frequently used for CO2 removal. The goal of this study was to obtain high CO2 removal by green microalgae strains cultivated in a vertical bubble column photobioreactor. Methodology and results: Constructed consortium containing Chlorella sp. , Scenedesmus obliquus, and Ankistrodesmus sp. were cultured in temperatures (°C) of 25, 30, 25; light intensities (lux) of 2500, 4000 and photoperiodisms (light/dark; hour) of 24/0, 16/8, and 12/12. The experiment demonstrated that microalgae was capable of tolerating up to 7% CO2 concentrations under variation of light intensities, photoperiodisms, and temperature conditions. Synergetic of three microalgae capable of utilizing CO2 and transformed it to become biomass. The result also showed that growth was best at light intensity of 4000 lux for 16 h a day and temperature of 30 °C. The maximum growth rate (µ) of 0.38 per day was obtained from culture injected with 5% CO2 concentration. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The CO2 removal efficiency (%) was 49.02, whereas CO2 utilization efficiency (%), carbon dioxide transfer rate (CTR; gCO2/L.h) and carbon dioxide fixation rate (qCO2/h) were 15.15, 101.29 and 42.02, respectively. Biofixation of CO2 by the constructed consortium has recently gained renewed interest as a promising strategy for CO2 mitigation.
A comparison of the movements of two species of gadoid in the vicinity of an underwater reef

Two saithe (35 and 38 cm) and two pollack (43 and 44 cm) were tracked simultaneously for 170 h. During the day, saithe generally patrolled over the whole of an underwater reef as part of a school, making occasional excursions off the reef to another smaller reef 250m distant. At night, saithe movements were largely limited to the reef. Pollack covered less than 50% of the reef during the study period, moving only small distances off the reef. Pollack swam more slowly than saithe during the day, but at the same speed at night.
Position and orientation in the metaphase equator of an interchange quadrivalent of Allium triquetrum

The position and orientation of an interchange quadrivalent in flattened, lateral views of metaphase I were studied in pollen-mother-cells of an interchange heterozygote of Allium triquetrum . The quadrivalent is most often located in marginal rather than central positions in the equator. Moreover, when positioned marginally the quadrivalent is more often than expected found in adjacent orientation, whilst when positioned centrally it is more often than expected found in alternate orientation. Consequently, the frequency of alternate (genetically balanced) orientation in the quadrivalent varies sharply according to whether data are obtained from more marginal or more central positions in the metaphase plate.
Specificity and Accuracy: Evidence from Sell-side Analyst Forecasts

We compare the accuracy of Specific analyst earnings forecasts (i.e., forecasts with more digits after the decimal than the mode of forecasts issued by all analysts following a given firm in a given year), to that of non-Specific forecasts. Contrary to conventional wisdom, Specific forecasts are less accurate than non-Specific forecasts. We find that the lower accuracy is related to inexperienced analysts, who tend to overweight their model forecasts and produce more specific, yet less precise forecasts. We document that analysts tend to issue fewer Specific forecasts as they gain experience and that experience mitigates the negative association between forecast specificity and forecast accuracy. Specific forecasts are also positively associated with forecast boldness and brokerage house prestige, two proxies for analyst overconfidence in their model outputs. Finally, we document that the capital market partially sees through this inaccuracy as stock prices react less to Specific forecast revisions.
A geometric morphometric study of sexual dimorphism in the crania of indigenous southern Africans

Much of our understanding of sexual dimorphism in the crania of Bantu-speaking southern Africans is based on traditional morphometric analyses. The purpose of this study is to use geometric morphometric methods to demonstrate new, and clarify and confirm previously described, morphological features related to sexual dimorphism. A total of 332 (182 male and 150 female) southern African crania were studied. The three-dimensional coordinates of 96 landmarks were analysed using the shape analysis software morphologika . Generalized Procrustes analysis was used to register the landmark data and principal components analysis was performed to explore the shape variation between the male and the female crania. Dimorphic cranial shape features found include relative 'bizygomatic breadth', the profile of the forehead contour, the form of the supramastoid crest, alveolar prognathism, and the size of the posterior airway space. These features appear to be related to cranial size, muscle development, and to different male-female energy requirements. Geometric morphometric methods are shown to be a most useful tool for demonstrating and quantifying morphological shape differences between male and female crania. Further, we demonstrate how the techniques used can be applied to problems in physical and forensic anthropology with increased sensitivity and objectivity compared to traditional methods.
Post-Crisis Regulations, Market Making, and Liquidity in the Corporate Bond Market

We theoretically and empirically study the effects of post-crisis regulations on the liquidity of corporate bonds. We first use a simple model to provide unified explanations of several puzzling empirical findings after the recent financial crisis, namely, (i) narrowing bid-ask spreads, (ii) reduction in dealers’ inventory, (iii) increased price impact during stressed periods, and (iv) increased difficulty in executing large trades. Next, we empirically test two new predictions based on the model. Consistent with our predictions, we find that bonds with higher risk weights in risk-weighted assets experience larger drops in trade size and higher increases in price impact in the post-regulation period.
Preselection of predatory mites to improve year‐round biological control of western flower thrips in greenhouse crops

In spring and summer, two groups of natural enemies are successfully used for biological control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in greenhouses: phytoseiid mites (Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) and, to a lesser extent, A. barkeri (Hughes)) and anthocorid bugs (Orius spp.). During winter, however, these predators often fail to control the pest. One likely cause for failure is the predators' tendency to enter diapause under short day conditions. In addition, eggs of predatory mites are generally susceptible to low humidity conditions, which often arise in greenhouses when outside temperatures drop below zero, or at bright, hot days in summer. In search for a thrips predator that is not hampered by these conditions, five subtropical phytoseiid species were selected which were known to feed on thrips: A. hibisci (Chant), A. degenerans Berlese, A. limonicus s.s. Garman and McGregor, A. scutalis (Athias‐Henriot) and A. tularensis (Congdon). These species were compared to A. cucumeris and A. barkeri, with respect to the following features: (1) predation and oviposition rate with young F. occidentalis larvae as prey, (2) oviposition rate on a diet of sweet pepper pollen, (3) drought tolerance spectrum of eggs, and (4) incidence of reproductive diapause under short day conditions. The results showed that A. limonicus exhibited the highest predation and oviposition rates on a diet of thrips larvae. Moreover, A. limonicus females showed total absence of diapause under the conditions tested. A major disadvantage of this species was, however, that its eggs were most sensitive to low air humidity conditions. Least sensitive to low air humidity were eggs of A. degenerans and A. hibisci. Females of A. degenerans and A. hibisci also showed total absence of diapause, and intermediate rates of predation and oviposition, on both thrips larvae and pollen. In conclusion, we argue that A. degenerans and A. hibisci are the most promising candidates for biological control of F. occidentalis under conditions of low humidity and short day length. The success of these candidates remains to be shown in greenhouse experiments.
Corporate Disclosure and Revelatory Price Efficiency: The Case of Capital Investment Guidance

We examine how management capital investment guidance affects revelatory price efficiency (RPE), which refers to the extent to which prices reveal new information for managers to make real decision. Using a difference-in-differences design, we find significantly higher investment-q sensitivity after capital investment guidance initiation. Additional analyses show that this result is driven by managers learning from prices, as opposed to market learning from managers, increased monitoring, or alleviated financial constraints. In contrast, initiating management earnings guidance decreases investment-q sensitivity. Our results are consistent with theoretical predictions in Goldstein and Yang (2019) about implications of different types of disclosures for RPE.
GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 6, June 2020, Online: ISSN 2320-9186

Access to contraceptives is of a particular importance in reducing high rates of unplanned pregnancies and increased rates of sexual transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. In Rwanda there is a significant proportion of sexually active youth who engage in premarital sex. The study was cross-sectional with quantitative and qualitative approaches. A sample size of 354 were used for the quantitative and 10 health providers working in family planning services at 5 selected health facilities for the qualitative data. The study considered sexually active young people aged 15-24 years prior to the study. Quantitative data were collected using a questionnaire while qualitative data were collected using interview guides. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 21. Thematic analysis was used and codes were made for different themes for qualitative data. Contraceptive use among youths aged 15-24 years in Kicukiro was found to be at 59.3 %. The majority were female with 68.4%, those of 20-24 years made 78.2 % of the study respondents while 77.4 % were single. Condom was the most used at 51.1%, followed by contraceptive pills at 28.0% and injectable at 9.9 %. 65.5 % of respondents sought information from mass media and radio while 12.4 % were from community outreaches and 9.9 % from hospital and health workers. Factors that were associated statistically with contraceptive use among youth include: age [AOR= 3.486; 95% CI= 1.8696. 502; P<0.001], wealth status [AOR= 14.868; 95% CI= 1.246-177.389; P=0.033], employment [AOR=5.099; 95% CI=1.352-19.227; P= 0.016] were all revealed to influence the use of contraceptives among youth. Qualitative data showed positive attitudes in contraceptives provision though some restrictions to in-school and unmarried young people were reported. Among the factors highlighted that attract youths from using contraceptives are the contraceptive knowledge and information on consequences of unwanted pregnancies, the benefits of using contraceptives. Among factors that hinder the demand as mentioned by providers are lack of confidentiality, misconceptions and fear of using something with that could affect their ability to reproduce. Contraceptive use among youths of 15-24 years is still low. Interventions aiming at improving knowledge, attitudes and accessibility to contraceptive methods use among youth are recommended. GSJ: Volume 8, Issue 6, June 2020 ISSN 2320-9186 1882
Analysis of Dry Maize Grain Market Integration in Kipkelion East and West Sub Counties, Kericho County, Kenya

This study analyzed market integration of dry maize grain in Kipkelion East and Kipkelion West Sub-Counties in Kericho County, Kenya. The objective of the study was to determine the correlation of prices between the terminal and source markets of dry maize grain. Purposive and stratified random sampling procedures were used to collect data from a sample of 156 maize traders. The survey data analysed using regression and Pearson's product-moment correlation models. Results shows that 53.8% of the dry maize grain traders were males and 46.2% were females with 46.2% dry maize grain traders having attained secondary school level of education. Regression and correlation results shows that a unit increase in the dry maize grain source market prices would result in a 98.2% increase in the terminal maize market prices. Pearson's Product-Moment correlation results showed that there was positive relationship between the terminal and the source market prices with 68% of variation in terminal market prices being explained by all the source market prices. High prices in the source markets would lead to higher prices as well in the terminal markets. In order to achieve market integration, improve market information flow and promote competitiveness between the source and terminal markets in the county and in the country, this study recommends the enactment of relevant policies by the government agencies, both in the county and in the national government. There is also need to improve market information flow in the county; particularly the use of information and communication technology in order to ensure timely and faster flow of information across the dry maize grains markets. If traders, producers and consumers are given timely market information, it will reduce cases of price shocks and promote market integration.
19th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ACOUSTICS MADRID, 2-7 SEPTEMBER 2007 DOUBLE LEAF MICROPERFORATED PANEL SPACE ABSORBERS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT

ABSTRACT A double-leaf microperforated panel absorber (DLMPP) is composed of two microperforated panel (MPP) placed parallel with an air-cavity in-between, without a back wall or any backing structure. This was proposed as a space sound absorber. In this paper, as a sequel of the preceding paper, the results of an experimental study on DLMPP are presented. In the experimental study, the theory presented in the preceding paper is validated, and the possibility of further improvement with honeycomb structure inserted in the air-cavity is discussed. In the previous work, the authors proposed to use a honeycomb structure attached behind a conventional MPP absorber to stiffen them, and found that it improves the absorptivity to a certain extent, particularly at low frequencies. The present results suggest that the same effect is expected in the case of a DLMPP: the absorption peak becomes broader and higher due to the effect of the honeycomb. A parametric study through experimental results is presented to demonstrate and discuss this effect.
The Challenge Hypothesis: Fecal Cortisol Levels in Male Red-Bellied Lemurs During the Reproductive Season

In red-bellied lemurs (Eulemur rubriventer), a pair-bonded, monogamous species with paternal care, male fecal cortisol levels fluctuate over the reproductive season. The Challenge Hypothesis suggests a relationship between mating and infant care systems and hormone levels. During mating, fecal cortisol levels should be low due to little male-male mate competition. During gestation, males and females should have correlated hormonal responses if males prepare for infant care during their mate‟s pregnancy. Throughout infant growth, male fecal cortisol levels should elevate because paternal care is present. Red-bellied lemur male fecal cortisol levels were compared across reproductive seasons, and with their mate‟s fecal cortisol levels. Fecal cortisol levels were low during the mating season, higher during gestation, and highest around birth. During gestation, fecal cortisol levels were lower in males than females, and male fecal cortisol levels elevated about one to two weeks after their mate‟s. These results support predictions based on the Challenge Hypothesis, and suggest a paternal hormonal profile in this species.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Poisoning in Children Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Childhood poisoning is one of the emergencies commonly encountered in paediatric practice. Accidental poisoning accounts for most of the cases in childhood poisoning and is preventable. Intentional poisoning becomes more likely in adolescent age group. Average incidence among varies studies range from 0.3% to 7.6%. Male children predominate the poisoning accidents accounted for by their greater degree of activity and more number of cases belong to poor socio economic status because of less space. Methodology: All children less than 18 years of age admitted in our PICU and pediatric ward with history of poisoning or intoxication during the study period from October 2017 to September, 2019. Children with chronic poisoning, snake bite, scorpion sting and other poisonous bite, idiosyncratic reactions to drug and food poisoning were excluded from the study. Results: 101 children were admitted with history of poisoning. Most of the cases were accidental. The most common age group was 1-3 years. Maximum families belonged to Lower Middle socioeconomic status. Hydrocarbon (Kerosene) was the most common poison. Suicidal poisoning was more common in the 13-18 year age group and more common in female sex. Vomiting was the most common presentation Specific antidote was used in 21.78% cases. The mean duration between poisoning and presentation was 3.1 hours. The mean duration of hospital stay was 4.2 days. Mortality rate was 2.97%. Conclusion: Childhood poisoning is one of the pediatric medical emergencies like other emergencies and causes significant morbidity and mortality in children. Most of the accidental poisoning is seen in less than 5 years age group due to their innovative character, exploratory nature and mouthing tendencies. Despite of rapid socioeconomic changes, Kerosene is still the commonest agent involved in pediatric poisoning mainly because it is commonly used household item.
Artificial Selection for Dispersal in Flour Beetles (Tenebrionidae: Tribolium)

The selection scheme employed a two—vial apparatus in which beetles (Tribolium castaneum (CS) and T. confusum (CF)) could move in one direction between vials. One inactive line and one active line were selected for five generations in both species. A second active line in which selection for activity was more intense was selected for three generations in both species. In CS, both active lines differed significantly from the controls. The inactive line approached a significant difference. In CF, only the second active line attained a significant difference from control level. The responses developed by this selection procedure apparently were not due to reactivity to conditioned medium. See full-text article at JSTOR
Distribution of K, Na and Cl in Root and Leaf Cells of Soybean and Cucumber Plants Grown under Salinity Conditions

The element contents in the compartments of root and leaf cells of soybean and cucumber plants grown for 8 d in a nutrient solution containing 50 mM NaCl, 25 mM CaCl2 or 50 mM NaCl+4.75 mM CaSO4 were examined by X-ray microanalysis of freeze-substituted dry sections. Sodium accumulated in the vacuoles rather than in the cytoplasm and apoplastic space in the root cells of the soybean plants, leading to the difficulty in the transport of Na to leaves in soybean. Salt injury of soybean is considered to be caused by the accumulation of Cl at high concentrations in all the compartments of root and leaf cells. In contrast, the accumulation of Na in the cytoplasm of the root and leaf cells might disturb the metabolism and lead to the occurrence of salt toxicity in cucumber plants, which are tolerant to Cl due to the stimulation of Cl accumulation in vacuoles when the Ca concentration was high in nutrient media.
ASSESSMENT OF COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE PREDICTION OF ACOUSTIC SOURCES FROM LIFTING SURFACES USING LES AND DNS

Abstract. The acoustic field produced by the flow over a lifting surface is closely linked to the dynamics of the boundary layer. The location and mechanism of the transition strongly influences the character of the trailing edge flow and surface pressure fluctuations and so accurately predicting the transition process is critical for acoustic analyses. In this study, a comparison of DNS and LES is undertaken for a transitional boundary layer flow over a foil at a moderate Reynolds number. The effects of the of sub-filter scale model, discretisation scheme and mesh resolution are considered to better understand how LES can be used to accurately resolve external boundary layer and trailing edge flows. Significant differences are seen for the different modelling approaches and the reasons for this are explored. A second case is then considered using LES which has a very different boundary layer and trailing edge flow. This case highlights the important link between the transitional boundary layer dynamics, trailing edge flow and the acoustic field.
Genetic Analysis of Defective Type Characteristics and Their Genetic Relationships with Herd Life of Canadian Holsteins

Heritabilities were estimated for 39 defective type characteristics of Canadian Holsteins. Approximately 100,000 records were available for analysis. Because these defects were scored into three categories (normal, minor, and serious), heritabilities were estimated using a threshold sire model with Gibbs sampling for numerical integration. Many of the traits had moderate (>0.20) heritabilities on the underlying scale, but heritabilities were much lower when transformed to the observed scale (none exceeding 0.09). Genetic evaluation was performed for each of the defects, and genetic correlations of the defects with longevity were approximated by adjusting the product-moment correlations of estimated transmitting abilities for the defects with estimated transmitting abilities for herd life. The defective characteristics associated with the udder were the most strongly related to herd life. In general, the defective characteristics with the highest incidence rates also showed the greatest genetic relationships with herd life. Although some of the defective characteristics were moderately correlated with herd life, they generally have low incidence rates and are therefore not expected to be of high economic importance themselves. Effects on herd life of the most important defects are already considered indirectly in the evaluation through their contributions to the type traits that are used to be official ratings of sires for herd life. For these reasons, a routine genetic evaluation of the defects seems unwarranted.