Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Recognition of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Conduct Disorder in Adolescents and Adults—Assessing Differences in Mental Health Literacy

This was a Mental Health Literacy (MHL) study looking at three disorders, part of a systematic research programme on MHL using vignette methodology to examine lay people’s knowledge and recognition. The study compared the recognition of the disorders in children and adults. In all 485 participants, aged 18–69 years, read three vignettes describing a person with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and Conduct Disorder (CD). Vignette characters were described as either a child (aged 8yrs) or adult (aged 28 yrs). Participants attempted to label the disorder and then rated perceived seriousness and likelihood of disorder. Results from a 2 (sex) × 3 (disorder) way analysis of variance showed that CD was significantly perceived as the most serious disorder. ADHD was significantly considered more likely to be a disorder in adults yet recognised more in children. Younger participants correctly recognised ADHD, yet gave lower seriousness ratings. ASD was considered more serious in children. Women and highly educated individuals perceived ASD more seriously and recognised it more. Parents incorrectly identified CD but considered all disorders more seriously than non-parents. Clinical behaviours are more likely to be perceived as a disorder if they occur in adults, rather than children.
Recovery of macroinvertebrate communities from metal pollution in the South Fork and mainstem of the Coeur d'Alene River, Idaho

Mining has severely impacted the biota in the Coeur d'Alene River drainage of northern Idaho. The benthic community of the South Fork and mainstem was monitored from 1968 to 1971 and from 1987 to 1991 to determine the effects of improved mine wastewater treatment and mine closures. With the decrease of heavy metal levels, the benthic community showed a gradual recovery as evidenced by large increases in taxonomic richness (0 to 18), Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera index (0 to 8), and species diversity (0 to 1.8). Although considerable recovery has occurred, the biotic integrity of impacted sites continues to lag behind reference sites, probably due to poor habitat structure and metals leaching from mine tailings
Highly palatable and hypercaloric chronic intake of food and soft drink leads to disruption in the normal dietary pattern in rats

Ultra-processed food consumption, which is highly palatable, rich in fat, sugar, and salt causes uncontrolled food intake and has contributed to a sharp increase in obesity worldwide. This study evaluated the effects of soft drink and/or ultra-processed food intake on eating behavior and metabolic parameters in rats fed with a cafeteria diet. Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. 1) CON: standard chow and water; 2) CD: cafeteria diet, standard chow, and water; 3) CS: caloric soft drink, standard chow, and water; 4) NCS: non-caloric soft drink, standard chow, and water; 5) CD + CS: cafeteria diet, caloric soft drink, standard chow, and water; and 6) CD + NCS: cafeteria diet, non-caloric soft drink, standard chow, and water. The cafeteria diet intake resulted in higher energy consumption (30% increase on average), a 450% increase in lipid consumption, and a 50% reduction in protein intake, which contributed to a 60% increase in body weight relative to the controls. This diet increased the metabolic risk, as observed in the Homeostasis Model Assessment changes in the CD groups. The CD + NCS group presented a lower liposomatic index, which may be related to the lower insulinogenic effect of caffeine contained in the soda, and 17% carbohydrate reduction compared to the CD + CS group. This result suggests that caffeine consumption in non-caloric soda may help prevent obesity associated with the sucrose's absence. However, it is necessary to compare the effects of the sugary drink intake with those of the artificially sweetened consumption, caffeine-free drinks associated with a cafeteria diet. No Level of evidence: animal study.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards hepatitis B virus prevention among nursing students at a selected campus in Rwanda

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus continues to be among the significant global challenges, and its prevention is doubtable among nursing students due to the lack of knowledge or exposure to risky behaviors in their clinical practices. This study was conducted to assess nursing students at a selected campus in Rwanda about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards hepatitis B prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to conduct this study. Non-probability sampling, including convenience and snowball techniques, was used to determine the representation at all levels at a selected Campus from May to July 2018. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used for data entry. Descriptive and inferential statistics using Binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Rwanda approved the study, and participants' rights were protected. Results: Among 171 study participants, only 140 returned the completed questionnaires, which translates to a response rate of 82.4%. Among the students who participated in this study, most were males, 75 (53.5%). The respondents' mean age was 25 years old, and the maximum age was 43. Most of the participants were from level 1 52(37.1%). The findings revealed that nursing students have adequate knowledge and practices towards HBV prevention at 65% and 71%, respectively. However, their attitudes regarding HBV prevention were negative because 96% scored at most four questions right. Conclusion: Knowledge and practices regarding HBV prevention among nursing students were quite adequate. However, a significant proportion of nursing students do not have good attitudes. These findings highlight the need to increase knowledge about HBV among nursing students in clinical orientation meetings before starting their clinical placements and introducing infection prevention and control training when they are already in clinical settings.
Cu2AgInS2Se2 quantum dots sensitized porous TiO2 nanofibers as a photoanode for high‐performance quantum dot sensitized solar cell

Cu2AgInS2Se2 alloyed quantum dots are synthesized through a simple hot injection method. Its tetragonal structure and crystallite size are determined by using X‐ray diffraction analysis. Its optical properties are observed by using Ultraviolet‐Vis absorption and PL emission spectroscopies. The oxidation state and elemental composition of Cu2AgInS2Se2 quantum dots are confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscope analysis and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, respectively. The optical bandgap of the synthesized quantum dots is measured to be 1.29 eV. The synthesized Cu2AgInS2Se2 quantum dots are sensitized onto the porous TiO2 nanofibers (CAISSe/P‐TiO2) and its morphological and optical properties are examined. The quantum dot sensitized solar cell is assembled using CAISSe/P‐TiO2, polysulfide and Cu2S as the photoanode, electrolyte and the counter electrode exhibited photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.87%, which is significantly higher than that assembled using Cu2AgInSe4 (4.21%) and Cu2AgInS4 (4.89%) quantum dots sensitized porous TiO2 NFs as the photoanodes.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of atmospheric turbulence over China estimated using operational high-resolution soundings

Large-scale in situ observations are sorely lacking, leading to poor understanding of nationwide atmospheric turbulence over China. Nevertheless, high-resolution soundings have become available starting in 2011, providing a unique opportunity to investigate turbulence across China. Here, we calculated the mean turbulence dissipation rate (ϵ) from radiosonde measurements across China for the period 2011–2018 using Thorpe analysis. The atmospheric layers that had stronger turbulence indicated by larger ϵ generally came with larger Thorpe length but with smaller Brunt–Väisälä frequency. Overall, the clear-air ϵ in the free atmosphere exhibited large spatial variability with a ‘south-high north-low’ pattern. Large clear-air ϵ values were observed in both the lower stratosphere (LS) and upper troposphere (UT), especially over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its neighboring regions with complex terrain likely due to large-amplitude mountain waves. Particularly, less frequent but more intense clear-air turbulence was observed in both lower troposphere (LT) and UT over the TP, while more frequent, less intense clear-air turbulence was found in northern China. The all-sky turbulence considering the moist-saturation effects was much stronger in the troposphere, notably in southern China where convective clouds and precipitation oftentimes dominated. In the vertical direction, the altitude of peak clear-air ϵ in the troposphere was found to decrease poleward, broadly consistent with the meridional gradient of tropopause height in the Northern Hemisphere. A double-peak mode stood out for the profiles of clear-air ϵ at midlatitudes to the north of 30° N in winter: one peak was at altitudes of 15–18 km, and another at altitudes of 5–8 km. The strong shear instabilities around the westerly jet stream could account for the vertical bimodal structures. The seasonality of ϵ was also pronounced, reaching maxima in summer and minima in winter. Our results may help understand and avoid clear-air turbulence, as related to aviation safety among other issues.
A Systematic Literature Review of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Air Quality in China

ABSTRACT This systematic literature review examines the effect of COVID-19 lockdowns on air quality in China. The aim was to synthesize evidence from the literature to assess whether lockdown measures had an impact on the concentration of pollutants. The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCO Host using PRISMA guidelines were systematically searched. This study used pre-defined eligibility criteria to identify peer-reviewed published literature that investigated the COVID-19 and air quality nexus in China. The title, abstract, full texts were screened, and relevant data were retrieved by two reviewers independently screened. From 508 potential studies, a total of 35 studies met the eligibility criteria. In these studies, the most measured air pollutant was nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (51 values in 28 studies), followed by particulate matter (PM2.5) (49 values in 26 studies). A majority of the studies used data from Central China (e.g., Wuhan and Hubei province). Evidence of a substantial reduction in air pollution immediately after lockdowns was found. During lockdown, pollutant (NO2) arising from the road traffic movement reduced the most. The degree of alleviation in air pollution reported varied based on region and time period. Urban, industrial and densely populated areas of China experienced higher improvements in air quality than rural, residential and less populated areas. Due to meteorological factors, the impact of lockdown on air quality differed between inland and coastal regions. Despite the evidenced improvements, air quality in many regions in China (e.g., PM2.5 and PM10 > 100 µg/m3 in Beijing) were still below the World Health Organization guidelines (PM2.5 = 25 µg/m3 and PM10 = 50 µg/m3, 24 hour mean). Without appropriate adaptive environmental strategies, the recent improvements in air quality will not be sustainable. The findings indicate where and how air pollution responded to changes in mobility and economic activities in China during COVID-19 lockdowns.
Audit Opinion and Fraud in Local Government: Case of Indonesia

This paper aims to examine the relationship between government audit opinion and fraud in local government in Indonesia. We utilize logistic regression analysis to test the hypothesis using a sample of 28 local governments in West Java province in periods of the fiscal year 2012 to 2017. This study finds that audit opinion significantly affects the fraud. There is a strong relationship between audit opinion and fraud. Moreover, the unqualified opinion awarded by The Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK RI) to local government represented the real condition of local governments in their good governance and accountability. This finding is also robust when we measure fraud by other proxies namely penalty and state-loss. This study provides a useful suggestion for state audit institution namely BPK RI regarding the importance of regular government auditing. Follow-up the audit recommendations play an important role in improving internal control effectiveness, accountability, governance, and transparency. This improvement will reduce the level of fraud in local governments. This study not only fills the gap of few literature on how to reduce fraud by considering the role of auditing but also measures the important role of government auditing in reducing and preventing fraud.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS AGAINST REPEATED SUBACUTE ACETAMINOPHEN DOSING IN RATS

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential fatty acids offering multiple health benefits. They form an integral part of cell membrane and are indispensable for normal metabolism. Fish oil and flaxseed oil are among few dietary sources of these fatty acids. In present investigation, hepatoprotective potential of omega-3 fatty acids in the form of flaxseed oil and fish oil was assessed against repeated acetaminophen dosing in rats. Administration of flaxseed oil or fish oil prevented hepatic damage with marked improvement in hepatic function and normalization of lipid profiles in serum and liver. Administration of these oils normalized oxidative stress through improvements in levels of anti-oxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers. Histological analysis showed absolutely normal hepatic architecture in flaxseed oil and fish oil treated animals and signify hepatoprotective effect of these supplements. This study is the first report of analysis of hepatoprotective potential of two different nutritional supplements of omega-
Influence of Wall Structure on the Laminar Coupling Flow

Abstract In order to study the effect of wall structure on the pressure-driven flow with slip condition at the fluid/porous interface, three cylindrical arrangements with different internal and surface structure are built. We solve the incompressible Stokes equation in the fluid phase for the cylindrical arrangements using the finite element analysis and solver software, Comsol-Multiphysics. The most suitable interface for determining the slip coefficient is the nominal position above the top cylindrical layer with a characteristic size. Then the streamlines of the fluid flow are shown. With the increase of pressure gradient and Reynolds number, the inertial effect rises and the exchange of fluid at the interface is visible. The permeability value and its growth rate both increase with the increment of the porosity and the internal structure of the porous medium affects the permeability value in an important way. Finally, our results show that the slip coefficient depends on the permeability and the surface structure instead of the porosity.
Attitudes and Work Expectations of University Students towards Disability: Implementation of a Training Programme

The aim of this article is to analyse the results of the implementation of a training itinerary on students' attitudes and views towards disability in the framework of inclusive higher education. Three hundred and thirty-three university students participated in the study and pre- and post-treatment measures were carried out using the Arias, Arias, Verdugo, Rubia and Jenaro attitude scale (2016). Social relations, normalized life and professional environment were analysed. The research design compared control groups versus experimental groups. The variable related to disability, as well as its family, assistance, work or friendship subtypes, were critical in the interpretation of the results. The impact of a specific university curriculum in the area of disability shows a direct and significant relationship between training and the generation of positive attitudes, validating the suitability of the pedagogical strategy described to generate inclusive working environments in the future professional practice of university students.
Distribution characteristics, enrichment patterns and health risk assessment of dissolved trace elements in river water in the source region of the Yangtze River

The security of water environment in the source region of the Yangtze River (SRYR) is vital to the water environment security of the whole basin. The results showed that the rivers in the SRYR were weakly alkaline and the values of total solid solubility (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity concentration and salinity were higher than the values in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The results showed that the dissolved trace elements detected displayed obvious regional distribution characteristics, showing a high concentration trend in the Chumar River, low in the Dangqu, and middle in the Tong River. All water quality indexes in the SRYR met the surface water environmental quality standard of class II based on GB 3838-2002 except Hg, while the average concentration of As exceeded 10 μg/L. The main enrichment elements in the SRYR were Li, Se, As and Pb, and their concentrations were far higher than the average concentration of the world rivers. Moreover, the HI and HQingrstion of children caused by As in the SRYR were greater than 1. This study could provide basic data for water environment protection and water resource management in the SRYR.
Effect of LINC00320 Regulating the Expression of PLEKHA1 through the Transcription Factor MYC in Glioma Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Apoptosis In vivo and In vitro

Aim: This study was carried out to explore the mechanism and function of LINC00320 in the development of glioma by regulating PLEKHA1 expression through transcription factor MYC.Methods: By searching LINCDISEASE database and through difference analysis of glioma chip, glioma related lncRNAs were screened, and lncRNA-transcription factor-mRNA triplet was predicted through lncMAP database. The expressions of LINC00320 and PLEKHA1 were detected in glioma and normal controls, followed by the detection of the proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of glioma cells by using CCK-8 method, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. In addition, the expression patterns of MMP9 and cleaved-Caspase 3 were detected with Western Blot. Furthermore, the possible mechanism of LINC00320 was predicted in gliomas by LncMAP. RIP assay was performed to verify the interaction between LINC00320 and MYC, and ChIP assay was applied to validate the binding of MYC and PLEKHA1 promoter. The existence of binding site between MYC and PLEKHA1 promoter were determined by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Lastly, in vivo test was conducted by using nude mice as the objects of study for verification of the results obtained by in vitro tests.Results: LINC00320 was found to be significantly down-expressed in glioma, and patients with low expression levels of LINC00320 exhibited an even worse prognostic outcome. Over-expression of LINC00320 in glioma cells brought about a significant reduction in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis. There was a significant decrease in the protein expression of MMP9 but remarkable increase in that of cleaved-Caspase 3 after LINC00320 over-expression. LncRNA-transcription factor-mRNA triplet prediction showed that LINC00320 regulated the expression of PLEKHA1 through MYC. RIP assay demonstrated that MYC could significantly enrich LINC00320, Chip assay showed that MYC bound with the PLEKHA1 promoter, and dual luciferase reporter gene assay further confirmed the presence of binding site between MYC and PLEKHA1 promoter. Cell function experiment verified that PLEKHA1 could reverse the effect of LINC00320 over-expression.Conclusion: Over-expression of LINC00320 can attenuate the binding of MYC with PLEKHA1 by recruiting MYC, and ultimately inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promote the apoptosis of glioma cells.
Imaging Electron-Driven Dynamics in Dissociative Electron Attachment to Gas Molecules

The design and construction of a new ion-momentum spectrometer for the study of electron-molecule interactions at Auburn University (AU) is detailed with emphasis on the phenomenon of dissociative electron attachment (DEA). Applications of the DEA process to varying fields are discussed within the background of molecular theory and the current state of experimental progress. Technical challenges associatied with the construction of a supersonic gas jet, pulsed electron beam, a COLTRIMS-like spectrometer, and list-mode data acquisition are detailed, including demonstrations of the simulation and analytic methods employed. The present apparatus is designed to provide three-dimensional data on angleresolved fragment momenta resulting from DEA and other electron-molecule interactions. Initial data on the dissociative ionization of methane are shown for calibration. Data on DEA in O2, CO2, and N2O are shown, with comparison to similar measurements and recent theoretical collaborations with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). Improvements over existing experimental data are demonstrated, while surprising results in the angular distributions of anion fragments are observed. Finally, future work with the apparatus including a focus on more complex molecular targets is discussed.
Comparative Analysis of Infusions with the Addition P. padus Bark: Assessment of the Antioxidant Potential and Their Inhibitory Effect on Enzymes Associated with Oxidative Stress

Prunus padus L. , is not very popular plant, it is commonly found due to low soil requirements and easy to settle in various places. As for now, concerning food technology, there is no wide application for P. padus. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of using bird cherry bark as an ingredient in herbal functional teas. In the first step, the conditions for extraction of the bark were electrochemically optimized. It was proven that the highest content of polyphenols could be found in the sample consisting of chamomile, linden flower, and calendula (7939.8 ± 106.6 mg/100 g dm). In the beta-carotene bleaching test, the highest activity could be spotted for calendula tea (16.7 ± 1.1c%) and chamomile tea (15.0 ± 2.0c%) and concerning the test for linden flower tea without added bark (134.4 ± 15.1b μg ascorbic acid /mL). The property of the tested teas to inhibit cholinesterases was proven. What is more, P. padus bark infusion showed the highest activity of 15.8 ± 1.1d μg neostigmine/mL, for acetylcholinesterases (AChE) inhibition and 21.2 ± 1.0c μg neostigmine/mL for butyrylcholinesterases (BChE). The same tea also showed the highest activity to reduce ions of iron (Fe(III)): 25.3 ± 0.9c μg Trolox /mL and glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase inhibition, 87.0 ± 1.1e% and 64.9 ± 2.0d% respectively. The use of P. padus bark may be vital in the preventive care concerning modern-age diseases and allow for the production of a new range of products with distinctive sensory characteristics and functional properties and, at the same time, in combating the spread of P. padus in the farm and forest ecosystem.