Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Most severe risk factors in software development projects in Kuwait

Software development projects are famous of high rate failure, this made an encouragement for researcher to investigate reasons of failure. However, literature covering under developed countries is uncommon. This research investigates the most severe risk factors in software development project in the country of Kuwait. A face-to-face questionnaire with 109 IT practitioners in Kuwait from government and private organizations was conducted. The findings reveal and identify risk factors that have a high impact on the budget, quality, and schedule. The aim of this study is to validate risk factor taxonomy through quantitative methods by experts in the field of IT. Another purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive and updated review of risk factors from Kuwait to be presented for IT practitioners and researchers.
Engineering serendipity: When does knowledge sharing lead to knowledge production?

Abstract Research Summary We investigate how knowledge similarity between two individuals is systematically related to the likelihood that a serendipitous encounter results in knowledge production. We conduct a field experiment at a medical research symposium, where we exogenously varied opportunities for face‐to‐face encounters among 15,817 scientist‐pairs. Our data include direct observations of interaction patterns collected using sociometric badges, and detailed, longitudinal data of the scientists' postsymposium publication records over 6 years. We find that interacting scientists acquire more knowledge and coauthor 1.2 more papers when they share some overlapping interests, but cite each other's work between three and seven times less when they are from the same field. Our findings reveal both collaborative and competitive effects of knowledge similarity on knowledge production outcomes. Managerial Summary Managers often try to stimulate innovation by encouraging serendipitous interactions between employees, for example by using office space redesigns, conferences and similar events. Are such interventions effective? This article proposes that an effective encounter depends on the degree of common knowledge shared by the individuals. We find that scientists who attend the same conference are more likely to learn from each other and collaborate effectively when they have some common interests, but may view each other competitively when they work in the same field. Hence, when designing opportunities for face‐to‐face interactions, managers should consider knowledge similarity as a criteria for fostering more productive exchanges.
The Effect of Frozen Storage on the Proximate Composition and Quality of Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis)

Abstract The effects of frozen storage on the composition and quality of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were investigated. The mussels were shucked and frozen at −20 °C and analyses conducted on a monthly basis. Frozen storage affected moisture content. Moisture loss was high throughout the storage period (4 months). Product was unacceptable after 4 months frozen storage. TVB-N, TMA-N, and pH values also increased during frozen storage.
Rational Design of the First Spherical Supramolecular Dendrimers Self-Organized in a Novel Thermotropic Cubic Liquid-Crystalline Phase and the Determination of Their Shape by X-Ray-Analysis

The rational design, the synthesis via a new convergent approach, and the characterization of four generations of monodendrons based on the AB3 building block methyl 3,4,5-trishydroxybenzoate are described. The first generation monodendrons are crystalline. The second generation methyl 3,4,5-tris-3‘,4‘,5‘-[tris(n-dodecyloxy)benzyloxy]benzoate (12Gn-AG-CH3, n = 2), the corresponding benzyl alcohol (12G2-AG-CH2OH) and benzoic acid (12G2-AG), and all higher generation monodendrons with n = 3 and 4 exhibit in addition to the crystal phase an isomorphous cubic liquid-crystalline (LC) phase of Pm3n space group. The cubic unit cell parameters of 12G2-AG, 12G3-AG, and 12G4-AG are 68.3, 79.2, and 84.0 A, respectively. Computed electron density profiles demonstrated that in the cubic phase 12, 6, and 2 monodendrons of generation 2, 3 and 4 are self-assembled in supramolecular dendrimers resembling spherical micelles when they are centered at the corners and the body-center and respectively highly rounded tetrahedr.
Kinetics of Adsorption of Ferrous Ion onto Acid Activated Carbon from Zea Mays Dust

The batch removal of ferrous ion from aqueous solution using low cost adsorbents such as zea mays dust carbon(ZDC) under different experimental conditions were investigated in this study. The process parameters studied include agitation time, initial metal ion concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intraparticle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Qm) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plot were found to 37.17, 38.31, 39.37 and 40.48 mg/g. The temperature variation study showed that the ferrous ions adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the ferrous ion solutions. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms obtained positive ΔH0 value, pH dependent results and desorption of metal ions in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of ferrous ion on ZDC involves physisorption mechanism.
Persistence and dissipation behavior of pesticide residues in parsley (Petroselinum crispum) under field conditions

The residue level, dissipation behavior, and dietary intake risk of chlorpyrifos-methyl, dimethoate, permethrin, iprodione, metalaxyl, and propargite in parsley (Petroselinum crispum) were investigated under field conditions. Extraction and determination of pesticide residues were carried out by a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method and a gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) system, respectively. Dissipation of chlorpyrifos-methyl, dimethoate, permethrin, iprodione, metalaxyl, and propargite in parsley followed the first-order kinetics with a half-life (t1/2) of 3.33, 3.30, 2.94, 3.52, 4.10, and 3.38 days, respectively. Based on the dissipation pattern and the maximum residue limits (MRL), preharvest intervals (PHI) of 25, 13, 18, 24, 1, and 16 days are suggested for chlorpyrifos-methyl, dimethoate, permethrin, iprodione, metalaxyl, and propargite in parsley, respectively. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of pesticides ranged from 7.37E-05 (dimethoate) to 8.00E-04 (metalaxyl) mg/kg. The chronic risk assessment showed that the hazard quotient (HQ) was <1 and Hazard Index (HI, indicating the cumulative exposure to pesticide residues) was <100%, demonstrating that an intake of pesticide residues from parsley was safe for humans.
Comparative semiempirical and ab initio study of the structural and chemical properties of uric acid and its anions

Semiempirical, density functional theory (DFT), and ab initio calculations have been performed to assess the relative stabilities of 15 possible tautomer forms of neutral uric acid, and of the different urate mono- and dianion forms. These methods have also been used to compute ionization potentials (IPs) for uric acid and its derived anions. Overall, we have found that semiempirical calculations, in particular PM3, perform well as compared with B3LYP or MP2 computations toward these different structural and chemical properties of uric acid: the triketo form of uric acid is the most stable tautomer form of neutral uric acid. Three other tautomer forms are relatively close in energy, within the range 2–6 kcal/mol above the triketo form, with a mean energy deviation of only 1.3 kcal/mol between PM3 and DFT or ab initio results; the monoanion form of uric acid obtained by abstracting one proton in position 3 (denoted UAN) is the most stable form among all four possible urate monoanions both in gas phase and in solution; the dianion form of uric acid obtained by abstracting two protons, respectively, in positions 3 and 9 of uric acid (denoted UANN) is the most stable urate dianion form both in gas phase and in solution. However, these two most stable species do not have the lowest IPs in solution: among monoanions and dianions, respectively, the species with the lowest IPs are UAN and UANN. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
The effects of tillage systems and crop sequences on soil bulk density and penetration resistance on a clay soil in southern Saskatchewan

Concern has been expressed that reduced tillage systems may lead to excess soil compaction, negatively impacting on crop growth. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of tillage systems zero (ZT), minimum (MT) and conventional tillage (CT) and crop rotations on soil bulk density and penetration resistance after 4 yr on an Indian Head heavy clay soil, in southeastern Saskatchewan. Moisture content was similar among tillage systems, except for slight differences in the lower soil depths with crop rotation. Penetration resistance and bulk density of a heavy clay soil were increased in the surface 10 cm of the soil by ZT as compared to CT management. However, in the deeper soil zones, tillage system did not consistently influence either bulk density or penetration resistance. Inclusion of peas in the crop rotation had a moderating effect on bulk density and penetration resistance, while inclusion of flax in a continuous rotation increased bulk density and penetration resistance in the sur.
Field Approaches to Measure Hg Exchange Between Natural Surfaces and the Atmosphere—A Review

This review focuses on a vital part of Hg (Hg) atmosphere-natural surface exchange field observational studies, namely the theory, applications, strengths, and limitations of the various experimental methodologies applied to gauge the flux process. We present an in-depth review, a comprehensive literature synthesis, and methodological and instrumentation advances for terrestrial and marine Hg flux studies in recent years. In particular, we outline the theory of a wide range of measurement techniques and detail the operational protocols.
Creation of a Mixed‐Mode Fracture Network at Mesoscale Through Hydraulic Fracturing and Shear Stimulation

Enhanced Geothermal Systems could provide a substantial contribution to the global energy demand if their implementation could overcome inherent challenges. Examples are insufficient created permeability, early thermal breakthrough, and unacceptable induced seismicity. Here we report on the seismic response of a mesoscale hydraulic fracturing experiment performed at 1.5‐km depth at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. We have measured the seismic activity by utilizing a 100‐kHz, continuous seismic monitoring system deployed in six 60‐m length monitoring boreholes surrounding the experimental domain in 3‐D. The achieved location uncertainty was on the order of 1 m and limited by the signal‐to‐noise ratio of detected events. These uncertainties were corroborated by detections of fracture intersections at the monitoring boreholes. Three intervals of the dedicated injection borehole were hydraulically stimulated by water injection at pressures up to 33 MPa and flow rates up to 5 L/min. We located 1,933 seismic events during several injection periods. The recorded seismicity delineates a complex fracture network comprised of multistrand hydraulic fractures and shear‐reactivated, preexisting planes of weakness that grew unilaterally from the point of initiation. We find that heterogeneity of stress dictates the seismic outcome of hydraulic stimulations, even when relying on theoretically well‐behaved hydraulic fractures. Once hydraulic fractures intersected boreholes, the boreholes acted as a pressure relief and fracture propagation ceased. In order to create an efficient subsurface heat exchanger, production boreholes should not be drilled before the end of hydraulic stimulations.
Variations in health outcomes with alternative measures of urbanicity, using demographic and health surveys 2013-18

Two-thirds of the global population are forecasted to live in urban areas in 2050. Previous studies have shown linkages between urbanicity, the impact of living in urban areas, and positive health outcomes, such as reduced child mortality, due to an increase in access to and utilization of health services. Living in urban areas is also linked with poor health outcomes, such as higher mean body mass index compared to other groups, and a higher probability of reporting poor health from social isolation, overcrowding, and pollution.
The Effect of Guided Inquiry Learning Model to the Metacognitive Ability of Primary School Students

This study aimed at analyzing the effect of guided inquiry learning to the metacognitive ability of primary school students on the material of Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB). The type of study was a mixed-method using quantitative and qualitative methods. There were 55 students of 4th grade used as the subjects of study. Two learning models were compared, namely guided inquiry learning model and conventional learning model. The students’ metacognitive ability was measured by means of problem-solving test on the material of Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB). The quantitative analysis data used descriptive and inferential statistical tests. According to the results of data analysis, it was discovered that the t-test of sig (2-tailed) from the independent samples t-test of post-test was 0,00 (p = <0,05); this indicated that there was a significant difference on it. This showed that there was a difference of students’ metacognitive ability for both classes in solving the problems of Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB) after the guided inquiry learning was implemented. Consequently, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect on the implementation of guided inquiry learning model to improve the students’ metacognitive ability in solving the material problems of Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB).
The Information Gathering Framework – a Cognitive Model of Regressive Eye Movements during Reading

In this article we present a new eye movement control framework that describes the interaction between fixation durations and regressive saccades during reading: The Information Gathering Framework (IGF). Based on the FC model proposed by Bicknell and Levy [15], the basic idea of the IGF is that a confidence level for each word is computed while being monitored by three independent thresholds. These thresholds shape eye movement behavior by increasing fixation duration, triggering a regression, or guiding regression target selection. In this way, the IGF does not only account for regressive eye movements but also provides a framework able to model eye movement control during reading across different scenarios. Importantly, within the IGF it is assumed that two different types of regressive eye movements exist which differ with regard to their releases (integrations difficulties vs. missing evidence) but also with regard to their time course. We tested the predictions of the IGF by re-analyzing an experiment of Weiss et al. [57] and found, inter alia, clear evidence for shorter fixation durations before regressive saccades relative to progressive saccades, with the exception of the last region. This clearly supports the assumptions of the IGF. In addition, we found evidence that there exists a window of about 15–20 characters to the left of the current fixation that plays an important role in target selection, probably indicating the perceptual span during a regressive saccade.
Estimation of nitrification capacity of rock media trickling filters in external nitrification BNR

In the external nitrification (EN) biological nutrient removal (BNR) activated sludge (AS) system, the nitrification process is removed from the BNR activated sludge system and performed eexternallyf on an integrated nitrifying trickling filter (NTF). As such, optimum design and operation of the NTF is essential for reliable performance of the ENBNRAS system. Although information on the design and operation of NTFs is available in the literature, this experience is not directly applicable to the NTF in the ENBNRAS system. To address this deficiency, a full-scale ENBNRAS prototype was implemented at the Daspoort Wastewater Treatment Works (DWWTW) in Tshwane, South Africa. In this investigation an average apparent nitrification capacity of approximately 1.25 to 1.29 gN per m2 of media surface area per day [gN/(ms2Ed)] ammonia removal was determined for 2 existing rock media TFs retrofitted as NTFs in the prototype ENBNRAS system (nominal surface area of 45 ms2/m3 for the rock media). This nitrification capacity corresponded to a removal efficiency of about 14 mgN/. (96%), or 149 kgN/d, of the influent ammonia load applied to the NTFs (average influent flow rate of 10 M./d). General concordance was found with corresponding nitrate and nitrite production and alkalinity usage measurements, which substantiated the observed removal performance. This paper details determination of the nitrification capacity of the 2 rock media NTFs used in the prototype ENBNRAS system.
Environmental factors variation in physiological aspects of Erythroxylum pauferrense

Ecophysiological studies are highly important to seek understanding of the plant-environment relationship. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of environmental factors on physiological aspects in young plants of Erythroxylum pauferrense throughout the day. A completely randomized design with 10 treatments and 4 replicates was used. Treatments were at different evaluation times throughout the day (8:00 h-17:00 h) with a 60-minute interval between them. The physiological variables evaluated were: photosynthesis rate, internal CO 2 concentration, transpiration, stomatal conductance, vapor pressure deficit, instantaneous water use efficiency, intrinsic water use efficiency, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency and leaf temperature. Internal and external temperature, relative humidity of the internal and external air of the greenhouse and photosynthetically active radiation were measured as climatic variables. The climatic variables presented correlations with the physiological parameters, with a strong association between photosynthetically active radiation and internal and external temperature of the greenhouse with the rate of photosynthesis, vapor pressure deficit, leaf temperature, transpiration, intrinsic efficiency of the use of water, stomatal conductance and instant water use efficiency. The influence of climatic factors on the physiological aspects in plants of E. pauferrense can be observed. The most suitable period of the day for conducting the physiological evaluations in species is between 11:00 h and 13:00 h. eficiencia intrínseca del uso del agua, conductancia estomática y eficiencia de uso instantáneo del agua. Se puede observar la influencia de los factores climáticos en los aspectos fisiológicos en plantas de E. pauferrense . El período del día más adecuado para realizar las evaluaciones fisiológicas en especies es entre las 11:00 h y las 13:00 h.
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Approach to Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy – A Case Report and Literature Review

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a rare inherited disorder, which is characterized by fibrofatty degeneration of cardiac muscles mainly in the right ventricular myocardium. It may cause tachyarrhythmias or right-heart failure or may cause sudden death, especially in young athletes. In our case report, we present a case of young age male patient who presented at a local community hospital with the complaint of atypical chest pain, palpitations, and vomiting and sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) on electrocardiograph (ECG) showing sustained VT, left bundle branch morphology with the superior axis. The normal sinus rhythm was achieved after multiple direct current (DC) cardioversion attempts, and he was referred to our tertiary care hospital. Later ECG demonstrated epsilon waves and T wave inversion in V1 to V4 and right bundle branch block (RBBB) morphology. The echocardiography showed a severely dilated right ventricle with dysfunction and right ventricle ventricular apical aneurysm. The definitive diagnosis of ARVC was made as per Revised Task Force Criteria 2010, and the electrophysiology review suggested implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) device placement. The patient successfully received a dual-chamber ICD device, and he remained asymptomatic.
NO2 and humidity sensing characteristics of few-layer graphenes

Sensing characteristics of few-layer graphenes for NO2 and humidity have been investigated with graphene samples prepared by the thermal exfoliation of graphitic oxide, conversion of nanodiamond (DG) and arc-discharge of graphite in hydrogen (HG). The sensitivity for NO2 is found to be highest with DG. Nitrogen-doped HG (n-type) shows increased sensitivity for NO2 compared with pure HG. The highest sensitivity for humidity is observed with HG. Sensing characteristics of graphene have been examined for different aliphatic alcohols and the sensitivity is found to vary with the chain length and branching.
The Impact of External Control on Tax Avoidance

This study aims to analyze the influence of external control factors on management taxation policy, especially tax avoidance. The fact that many cases of tax avoidance occur in Indonesia as well as in other ASEAN countries encourage researchers to try to analyze the level of entity tax avoidance from external control factors consisting of independent commissioners and audit quality. Using a multiple regression approach with a random effect model and STATA software, this study found that audit quality has a negative effect on tax avoidance, while independent commissioners do not. These results explain that the supervisory role of the external auditor in assessing the procedures for preparing the company's financial statements has a good impact, namely that it can affect management in reducing tax avoidance.
Modeling the Transmission of Optical Lightning Signals Through Complex 3‐D Cloud Scenes

Space‐based lightning imagers have shown that complex cloud scenes consisting of multiple tall convective features, anvil clouds, and warm boundary cloud layers are illuminated by lightning in many different ways depending on where the lightning occurs and how energetic it is. Modifications to the optical lightning signals from radiative transfer in the cloud medium can lead to reductions in detection efficiency and location accuracy for these instruments and can also cause some of the optical signals that are detected to have unexpected spatial energy distributions. In this study, we perform Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations of optical lightning emissions in clouds with complex 3‐D geometries to shed some light on the origins of certain irregular radiance patterns that have been recorded from orbit. We show that diffuse reflections off nearby cloud faces can explain lightning signals in nonelectrified clouds, tall clouds can result in poor optical transmission and suppressed radiances that could lead to missed events and that particularly favorable viewing conditions can cause otherwise normal lightning to produce a superbolt that is orders of magnitude brighter than the same flash seen from a different angle.