Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Aerodynamics of Wake Vortices

Abstract : The effect of wing span loading on the development of fully rolled up wing trailing vortices is discussed. It is shown that parabolic wing loadings produce potential flow maximum core rotary speeds which are finite and less than fifty percent of the downwash speeds at the plane of symmetry. The development of turbulent cores is analyzed and core growth is predicted to occur as the two thirds power of time whereas the peak velocities fall off as the inverse one third power. Axial flow effects of the wing profile drag and lifting system are shown to lead to axial jets on the vortex axis which may either follow the aircraft or exceed the free stream velocity depending on the ratio of profile drag to induced drag.
Optimizing outcomes for drug resistant tuberculosis patients through provision of a comprehensive care package

Background: The paper presents the salient features of a comprehensive treatment package for drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), its adaptation and implementation in two indoor care hospital settings in Pakistan, and lessons learned from this implementation. Methods: A pilot study was undertaken on a group of 100 patients at two Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant TB (PMDT) sites. Fifty patients each were selected from the Samli Sanatorium Murree and the Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar by the National Tuberculosis Control authorities, and delivered a comprehensive package of services, including psychosocial and food support. Data were collected using standard TB tools and surveillance indicators. The results were compared between intervention and a historical cohort of DR-TB patients. Results: Among the total 100 patients, the treatment success rate was 88%, the failure rate was 4%, while there were 7% deaths. A patient was transferred out while none were lost to follow-up, indicating much improvement over the historical cohort. Patients ranked the economic support, free medicines and nutritional support as most helpful, while majority of providers found the intervention sustainable. Conclusion: A comprehensive package including the psychosocial support can be crucial in enhancing DR-TB outcomes. Regular interaction with patients and improved nutrition leads to improved treatment adherence, while capacity building of psychologists and home visits can further benefit the DR-TB patients leading to their cure.
The Turkish version of the Oxford Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale

Aim: Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy can be an obstacle to the global effort to control the current pandemic. The study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Oxford Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale. Design: A methodological and descriptive study. Methods: The research was conducted as a methodological and descriptive study. The sample size consisted of 476 academics who voluntarily agreed to participate in the research and completed the online questionnaire between February and March 2021. Results: As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the fit index values obtained by making two modifications of the one-dimensional Oxford Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale were found to be χ2/df = 1.86;AGFI = 0.96;RMSEA = 0.04;GFI = 0.98;CFI = 0.99 and IFI = 0.99. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.95. Test-retest reliability coefficient of the scale was r = 0.93 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the Oxford Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale, adapted to Turkish, is a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining hesitancy of Turkish society towards covid-19 vaccines. © 2022 Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery.
Numerical Analysis of Seepage Failure Modes of Sandy Soils within a Cylindrical Cofferdam

Soil seepage failure within cofferdams is a dangerous phenomenon that always poses difficulties for designers and builders of excavations in zones with high water levels. When the hydraulic head difference H between the upstream and downstream sides reaches a critical height, the downstream soil seepage failure occurs. Depending on soil properties, soil-wall interface characteristics, and cofferdam design, different seepage failure modes can be observed: heaving, boiling, liquefaction, or failure by reduction of the passive earth pressure. In the literature, there are differences, sometimes very large, in the critical value of the hydraulic head loss Hc/D inducing seepage failure given by several methods proposed for stability verification. Then, complex cases are generally approached using simplifying assumptions and adopting large safety factors to take account of uncertainties. In practice, geotechnical engineers deal with many kinds of excavations and different shapes of cofferdams, such as rectangular, square, or circular, which generate three-dimensional (3D) flow conditions. Axisymmetric seepage flow through the soil in a circular cofferdam is often used to model such 3D seepage flow. In this paper, using the numerical code FLAC, several numerical simulations are carried out in axisymmetric groundwater flow conditions to analyze the seepage failure modes of cohesionless sandy soils within a cylindrical cofferdam. The effects of the cofferdam radius, internal soil friction, soil dilatancy, and interface friction on the Hc/D value and failure mode are studied. The numerically obtained seepage failure modes are presented and discussed in various scenarios. The present results, illustrated in both tables and graphs, show a significant decrease in the value of Hc/Dinducing seepage failure, with a decrease in the cofferdam radius. They also indicate the sensitivity of the seepage failure mode to internal soil friction, soil dilatancy, interface friction, and cofferdam radius. As well, new terms are proposed for the seepage failure mode designations based on the 3D view of the downstream soil deformation. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-07-06 Full Text: PDF
On the Yamabe constants of $S^2 \times \re^3$ and $S^3 \times \re^2$

We compare the isoperimetric profiles of $S^2 \times \re^3$ and of $S^3 \times \re^2$ with that of a round 5-sphere (of appropriate radius). Then we use this comparison to obtain lower bounds for the Yamabe constants of $S^2 \times \re^3$ and $S^3 \times \re^2$. Explicitly we show that $Y(S^3 \times \re^2, [g_0^3 +dx^2]) > (3 /4) Y(S^5)$ and $Y(S^2 \times \re^3, [g_0^2 +dx^2]) > 0.63 Y(S^5)$. We also obtain explicit lower bounds in higher dimensions and for products of Euclidean space with a closed manifold of positive Ricci curvature. The techniques are a more general version of those used by the same authors in previous work and the results are a complement to the work developed by B. Ammann, M. Dahl and E. Humbert to obtain explicit gap theorems for the Yamabe invariants in low dimensions.
Determinants of Domestic Bank Credit to Private sectors in Bangladesh: An Empirical Investigation

This article examines the key determinants of domestic bank credit the private sectors receive in Bangladesh by using annual time series data over the period from 1974 to 2018. The ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag) model has been applied to identify the variables that contribute to the changes in domestic credit to private sectors from banks over time in Bangladesh. Empirical results reveal that broad money (M2), gross domestic product (GDP), real interest rate (RI), trade openness (TO), gross capital formation (GCF), and exchange rate (ER) have a significant impact on the amount of credit flowing to the private sectors from banks in Bangladesh, particularly in the long run. The findings also confirm that the long run relationship among the relevant variables is robust and stable. Any disequilibrium found in the short run seems to be eliminated with a speed of 40.96% per year. The findings of the research suggest that a stable growth of money supply, an increase in real interest rate, sustainable growth in GDP, and high degree trade openness are crucial for the growth of bank credit to private sectors. Gross capital formation and local currency depreciation, on the other hand, negatively influence bank loans to the private sector in Bangladesh. The significance of the study lies in the fact that it paves the way for a better understanding of the functionality of domestic bank credit flow in Bangladesh. The policy implications of the findings suggest that authorities pay special attention to stable money supply growth, expansionary monetary policy, and trade liberalization to strengthen the financial market in Bangladesh.
Predictors of attitudes toward psychedelics among psychologists in the USA

Abstract As evidence for psychedelic-assisted therapy accumulates, legalization becomes more likely. As a result, there is an increasing need for psychologists to become educated about psychedelics and their therapeutic effects as they will play an important role in disseminating this treatment. Therefore, understanding psychologists’ current attitudes toward psychedelics is integral in informing dissemination and implementation efforts. In this article, we examined associations between individual difference variables and psychologists’ attitudes toward psychedelics, including age, gender, region, religious affiliation, personal experience with psychedelics, friends’ or loved ones’ experiences with psychedelics, level of training in addiction treatment, and knowledge of psychedelics. Results indicated that participants who were men, lived in West or Northeast regions of the USA, were younger, had greater knowledge of risks and benefits of psychedelics, were religiously unaffiliated, or had direct or indirect (i.e. through peers) experience with psychedelics reported more positive attitudes toward psychedelics. The only variable not associated with more positive attitudes was previous addictions treatment training. These findings suggest that psychologists are not monolithic in their attitudes toward psychedelics. Furthermore, these findings can help inform potential paths for improving attitudes toward psychedelics among psychologists, such as by emphasizing the importance of using case studies in public education efforts.
Bioactive Materials Derived from Menstrual Blood Stem Cells Enhance the Quality of In Vitro Bovine Embryos

Backgrounds: The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of bioactive materials derived from Menstrual Blood Stem Cells (MenSCs) to the oocyte maturation medium may improve the quality of bovine embryos in vitro. Methods: MenSCs were collected from 6 healthy women (between 26 and 36 years old) and after 3 days of culture, their bioactive materials were frozen. The bovine Cumulus-Oocyte-Complexes (COCs) were aspirated from ovarian slaughterhouse and the oocytes with more than three layers of cumulus cells were cultured in vitro in media supplemented with (treatment) and without (control) 10% MenSCs’ bioactive materials. After IVM/IVF, the presumptive zygotes were cultured for 8 days. Results: The blastocyst rate on day 8 in treatment group was higher than control (40.2±1.9 vs. 23±4.2.3, p=0.001). The ratio of Trophectoderm (TE) and Inner Cell Mass (ICM) (ICM/TE) cells was also greater in treatment group compared to control (30.3±2 vs. 14.9±1; p=0.001). The re-expansion of vitrified blastocysts, 24 hours after warming, in treatment group was higher than control (93.3±2.5 vs. 66.2±8.8; p=0.01). The expression of some genes related to pluripotency and implantation (OCT4, CDX2, and IFNT) were increased in treatment group compared to control (p<0/05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the addition of MenSCs’ bioactive materials during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes could improve the quantity and quality of bovine IVP embryos. Also, the expression of some genes associated with pluripotency and implantation in the blastocyst would be increased.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah meta analisis dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sintesis kuantitatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model problem based learning pada hasil belajar siswa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menelusuri jurnal melalui Google Cendekia.Dari model Problem based learning dipilih 10 hasil penelitian untuk dianalisi lebih lanjut dalam bentuk %. Dari 10 penelitian dapat, disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan model problem based learning ( PBL) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik peningkatan hasil belajar dari yang terendah 5 % sampai yang tertinggi 96 %. dengan rata – rata 43,6 % . Rata –rata hasil belajar peserta didik sebelum penelitian tindakan kelas 57,14 dan setelah dilakukan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan penerapan model problem based learning terjadi peningkatan menjadi 79,09 dapat diartikan bahwa model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Finite N corrections to the limiting distribution of the smallest eigenvalue of Wishart complex matrices

We study the probability distribution function (PDF) of the smallest eigenvalue of Laguerre-Wishart matrices $W = X^\dagger X$ where $X$ is a random $M \times N$ ($M \geq N$) matrix, with complex Gaussian independent entries. We compute this PDF in terms of semi-classical orthogonal polynomials, which are deformations of Laguerre polynomials. By analyzing these polynomials, and their associated recurrence relations, in the limit of large $N$, large $M$ with $M/N \to 1$ -- i.e. for quasi-square large matrices $X$ -- we show that this PDF, in the hard edge limit, can be expressed in terms of the solution of a Painlev\'e III equation, as found by Tracy and Widom, using Fredholm operators techniques. Furthermore, our method allows us to compute explicitly the first $1/N$ corrections to this limiting distribution at the hard edge. Our computations confirm a recent conjecture by Edelman, Guionnet and P\'ech\'e. We also study the soft edge limit, when $M-N \sim {\cal O}(N)$, for which we conjecture the form of the first correction to the limiting distribution of the smallest eigenvalue.
QUASI-CLASSICAL THEORY OF WEAKLY ANISOTROPIC SUPERCONDUCTORS

This thesis starts by reviewing superconductivity in one-dimension where fluctuations cause a loss of supercurrent due to an intrinsic resistance. Solved via the Ginzburg-Landau equations, the theory of thermally activated phase slips given by Langer and Ambegaokar is outlined. In turn this leads to the investigation of superconductivity via a microscopic approach, in particular the quasi-classic green’s functions of Eilenberger. The Eilenberger equations are derived and considered in the dirty and weakly anisotropic limits which provides a simple derivation of the Ginzburg-Landau equations near the transition temperature. This prompts an extended derivation which includes the non-linear terms normally removed in deriving the Ginzburg-Landau equations. This is required for calculating effects at temperatures below the transition temperature. These quasi-classic equations of weakly anisotropic superconductors are first written for arbitrary temperature and impurity concentration then limited to the pure and dirty cases. The latter being simplified to zero temperature and solved in the context of thermally activated phase slips.
Trust-based Tax Compliance A Survey of Empirical Evidence from a Tax Administration Perspective

The paper presents a survey of recent empirical findings in social science research on tax compliance from the perspective of a tax authority aiming to work with trust-based approaches to tax compliance. The survey of the literature constitutes a foundation of knowledge supporting the guidelines of the Trust and Compliance Project carried out by the Fiscalis Project Group no. 98 . Building on existing surveys, the importance of both trust and power for taxpayer behaviour is acknowledged. Considering the scope of the project, the literature survey is necessarily selective in nature, focusing mainly on the relationship between trust and compliance and the dynamics of voluntary and enforced compliance with a special emphasis on the former. In order to illuminate and substantiate the guidelines of the project, a wide range of themes, aspects and topics are covered. This is done in relation to the interaction between taxpayer and tax authority, the interaction between tax authority and third parties, and the inner workings of the tax authority itself. more tax in the This effect is strong for corporations and as the size of the corporation increases. The also show that several enforcement initiatives implemented in the U.S. in the mid-2000s were less effective in reducing tax evasion by corporations whose owners are from corrupt Overall, the findings indicate that tax morale is important for compliance itself as well as for the effect of enforcement activities on compliance. the nation interact with procedural fairness and trust in the tax authority in predicting voluntary tax compliance. The study is conducted as a comparative analysis by including taxpayers in a developing country (Ethiopia) and in a developed country (the US). It turns out that the relationship between procedural fairness and voluntary tax compliance that Gobena & van Dijke (2016) found particularly among citizens with low trust in the tax authority only holds for citizens who weakly identify with the nation. Overall, this means that the finding about procedural fairness leading to voluntary compliance is not universal, but limited to citizens with an antagonistic relationship to the tax authority and a weak national identity .
A ROAD SURFACE DAMAGE DETECTION METHOD USING YOLOV4 WITH PID OPTIMIZER

Road damage is a type of direct and obvious indicator for structural durability and maintainability. Manual visual inspection is the usually used method, but it is generally considered as unsafe, cost-consuming and unreliable. In recent decades, deep learning (DL)-based road surface damage detection has been paid more attention and achieved superior detection performance. In this study, a rapid detection method YO-LOv4 is adopted in our road surface damage detection framework, which is improved with a proportional-integral-diﬀerential (PID) optimization. The presented framework can intelligently learn inherent features of diﬀerent road surface damages and avoid over-shoot problem usually existing in deep learning. Experimental results show that the mean average precision (MAP) of the proposed method is 47.35% on Dataset 1 and 62.62% on Dataset 2, which is 5.29% and 5.22% higher than original YOLOv4, respectively. Furthermore, it signiﬁcantly achieves up to 50% acceleration on popular used DL-based YOLOv4 with competitive accuracy. All of experiments prove that the presented method in this study can achieve superior performance in training time and detection accuracy.
Cystic Hygroma in Children: Comparison Between Sclerosing Treatment With Bleomycin Vs Surgical Resection Comparison Between Sclerosing Treatment Sclerotherapy With Bleomycin Versus Surgical Resection in Children in Cystic

Objective: To compare the outcome of sclerotherapy with bleomycin versus surgical resection in children in cystic hygroma. Study Design: Comparative/Observational Place and Duration: This study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta from 1 st January 2019 to 30 th June 2019. Materials and Methods: Forty patients of both genders with ages 1 month to 15 years presented with cystic hygroma were included in this study. Patients detailed demographic were recorded after written consent from parents/guardians. Patients were divided in to two groups’ i.e. Group A consist of 20 patients and received sclerotherapy with intra-lesional bleomycin and Group B consist of 20 patients received surgical excision. Outcomes were analyzed at post-procedure 3 and 6 months post-procedure and compare the findings between both groups. Results: There were significant difference observed between both groups regarding age, gender and site of lymphangioma p-value >0.05. In Group A 15 (75%) patients showed excellent results, 3 (15%) patients showed good results and 2 (10%) showed poor results. In Group B 9 pts (65%) showed excellent results, 5 (20%) showed good results and 6(15%) showed poor results. At final follow-up there were 2 patients with recurrence in Group A while in Group B 5 (10%) patients had recurrence, Conclusion: Sclerosing treatment with bleomycin is safe and effective treatment modality with no recurrence as compared to surgical resection.
Revisiting Delta Y/Delta Z from multiple main sequences in Globular Clusters: insight from nearby stars

For nearby K dwarfs, the broadening of the observed Main Sequence at low metallicities is much narrower than expected from isochrones with the standard helium-to-metal enrichment ratio DY/DZ=2. Though the latter value fits well the Main Sequence around solar metallicity, and agrees with independent measurements from HII regions as well as with theoretical stellar yields and chemical evolution models, a much higher DY/DZ~10 is necessary to reproduce the broadening observed for nearby subdwarfs. This result resembles, on a milder scale, the very high DY/DZ estimated from the multiple Main Sequences in Omega Cen and NGC 2808. Although not "inverted" as in omega Cen, where the metal-rich Main Sequence is bluer than the metal-poor one, the broadening observed for nearby subdwarfs is much narrower than stellar models predict for a standard helium content. We use this empirical evidence to argue that a revision of lower Main Sequence stellar models, suggested from nearby stars, could significantly reduce the helium content inferred for the subpopulations of those globular clusters. A simple formula based on empirically calibrated homology relations is constructed, for an alternative estimate of DY/DZ in multiple main sequences. We find that, under the most favourable assumptions, the estimated helium content for the enriched populations could decrease from Y~0.4 to as low as Y~0.3.