Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Influenza A Virus Infection on Growth and Metabolism of Suspension MDCK Cells Using a Dynamic Model

Cell cultured-based influenza virus production is a viable option for vaccine manufacturing. In order to achieve a high concentration of viable cells, is requirement to have not only optimal process conditions, but also an active metabolism capable of intracellular synthesis of viral components. Experimental metabolic data collected in such processes are complex and difficult to interpret, for which mathematical models are an appropriate way to simulate and analyze the complex and dynamic interaction between the virus and its host cell. A dynamic model with 35 states was developed in this study to describe growth, metabolism, and influenza A virus production in shake flask cultivations of suspension Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells. It considers cell growth (concentration of viable cells, mean cell diameters, volume of viable cells), concentrations of key metabolites both at the intracellular and extracellular level and virus titers. Using one set of parameters, the model accurately simulates the dynamics of mock-infected cells and correctly predicts the overall dynamics of virus-infected cells for up to 60 h post infection (hpi). The model clearly suggests that most changes observed after infection are related to cessation of cell growth and the subsequent transition to apoptosis and cell death. However, predictions do not cover late phases of infection, particularly for the extracellular concentrations of glutamate and ammonium after about 12 hpi. Results obtained from additional in silico studies performed indicated that amino acid degradation by extracellular enzymes resulting from cell lysis during late infection stages may contribute to this observed discrepancy.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pengunjung Di Taman Mini Indonesia Indah

Penelitian ini membahas kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pengunjung di Taman Mini Indonesia Indah. Di dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua indikator, kualitas pelayanan sebagai variabel bebas dan kepuasan pengunjung sebagai variabel terikat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis kuantitatif guna mengetahui kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pengunjung dengan menggunakan data primer, observasi, kuesioner dan kajian literatur untuk menyelesaikan penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa kualitas pelayanan yang terdiri dari tangible, empathy, responsiveness, responsibility, dan assurance memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengunjung ialah adanya pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pengunjung dengan diketahui nilai t hitung sebesar 21.214 > t table 1.664, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai Kualitas Pelayanan (X) berpengaruh terhadap variable Kepuasan Pengunjung (Y)
The Economic Determinants of Crime Rate in 7 Selected Countries: A Panel Data Analysis Approach

As the statistic of crime rates has become the main concern in any parts of the world, criminologists and policymakers have focused much in preventing crime rates from rocketing. This is where the economics of crime was generated. Thus, this study employs annual panel data from 2000 to 2013 to investigate the economic determinants of crime rate in 7 selected countries. The 7 selected countries are Honduras, Venezuela, El-Salvador, Jamaica, South Africa, Colombia and Bahamas. The methodologies used included panel unit root, panel cointegration, panel granger causality and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS). The result shows that all the variables are stationary at the first difference and are cointegrated in the long run. From panel granger causality test, there are three short run granger causality relationship exist that run from number of tourist arrivals to GDP per capita, from GDP per capita to unemployment rate and from unemployment rate to crime rate. In addition, the result of DOLS shows that there is a long run and positive relationship between unemployment rate and crime rate. Therefore, the government and the related agencies around the world need to cooperate with one another in providing or designing the best policy in reducing crime, especially in the case of homicide.
Entrepreneurial Traits, Relational Capital, and Social Enterprise Performance: Regulatory Effects of Cognitive Legitimacy

Social enterprises, as a new form of organization where public welfare and business coexist, are gradually becoming an important power in innovating social governance. However, the development of social enterprises in China is still in its infancy. Social entrepreneurs have a profound impact on the growth of social enterprises and may bring advantages to the development of enterprises, while barriers to legitimacy commonly faced by social enterprises hinder the development of the enterprise to some extent. Social enterprise performance has always been a research focus in social entrepreneurship, on which many studies have been reported, while it is seldom investigated from the perspective of entrepreneurial traits. The research aims to clarify how entrepreneurial traits influence the growth of social enterprises in an institutional scenario. Taking 208 social enterprises in China as samples, the relationship among entrepreneurial traits, relational capital, cognitive legitimacy, and social enterprise performance was verified using SPSS 22.0 and methods including correlation analysis and regression analysis based on trait theory and relational capital theory. The results indicate that: (1) entrepreneurial traits exert a significant positive effect on both the economic and social performance of social enterprises; (2) relational capital plays a mediating effect between entrepreneurial traits and social enterprise performance; (3) cognitive legitimacy only positively regulates the relationship between relational capital and economic performance. The conclusions may enrich the theory of traits and provide new ideas allowing social enterprises to overcome the dilemma of resource constraints and improve their performance. Social entrepreneurs need to pay close attention to cultivating their entrepreneurial traits and actively establishing relational capital; governments should create an institutional environment conducive to social entrepreneurship, to promote improvement in social enterprise performance.
Theoretical, Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Investigations of Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Lignite Coal

The interaction of methylene blue (MB) dye with natural coal (collected from coal landfills of the Kosovo Energy Corporation) in aqueous solutions was studied using adsorption, kinetics, and thermodynamic data, and Monte Carlo (MC) calculations. In a batch procedure, the effects of contact duration, initial MB concentration, pH, and solution temperature on the adsorption process were examined. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherms were used to examine the equilibrium adsorption data. The equilibrium data fit well to the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models; however, the Freundlich model suited the adsorption data to a slightly better extent than the Langmuir model. The kinetics experimental data was fitted using pseudo-first-order, first-order, pseudo-second-order, second-order, Elvoich equation, and diffusion models. The pseudo-second-order rate model manifested a superlative fit to the experimental data, while the adsorption of MB onto coal is regulated by both liquid film and intraparticle diffusions at the same time. Thermodynamic parameters, such as Gibbs free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0), and entropy (ΔS0) were calculated. The adsorption of MB was confirmed to be spontaneous and endothermic. The theoretical results were in agreement with the experimental ones.
Information Usage and Compliance with Preventive Behaviors for COVID-19: A Longitudinal Study with Data from the JACSIS 2020/JASTIS 2021

The influence of different types of information sources on individual preventive behaviors remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the associations between individual information usage to obtain information about COVID-19 and compliance with preventive behaviors. This longitudinal study was based on an Internet survey conducted in August–September 2020 and February 2021. We used compliance with four preventive behaviors for COVID-19, “wearing a mask”, “ventilation”, “social distancing”, and “avoiding crowds” as outcome variables, and 20 types of information sources based on people or institutions (Medical worker, Government, etc.) and media (TV news, Twitter, etc.) as predictors. Absolute differences and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using generalized estimating equations adjusted for possible confounders. Among the 18,151 participants aged 20–79, the mean age was 51.7 (SD = 15.9) in 2020, and 51.3% were male. In total, compliance with “wearing a mask”, “ventilation”, “social distancing”, and “avoiding crowds” was seen in 86.2%, 46.9%, 45.4%, and 62.6% of individuals in 2020, and 89.3%, 38.2%, 47.2%, and 61.6% of individuals in 2021, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, “medical workers”, “professionals”, “the government”, “Twitter”, “news websites”, and “TV news” were positively associated with compliance with two or more preventive behaviors (p < 0.05). The type of information source may play an important role in providing information for COVID-19 prevention.
Investigating the Influence of ACTN3 R577X Polymorphism on Performance and Angular Kinematics Using Motion Capture Technology

The ACTN3 gene is known as the “sprinter gene” due to the increased frequency of the R allele of the gene in various cohorts of elite sprinters compared to the general population. In situ muscle fibers that express α-actinin-3 protein can produce more force than the muscle fibers that are α-actinin-3 deficient. In vivo analysis showed that individuals lacking the R variant of the gene (ACTN3 XX genotype) encoding α-actinin-3 demonstrated slower running times and lower peak knee torque at higher angular speeds (30–180 deg/s). The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the ACTN3 gene on performance and angular kinematic characteristics by comparing ACTN3 RR+RX and ACTN3 XX individuals during explosive jumps and sprints using motion capture technology. The kinematic and force data were obtained using a Qualisys Track Manager (QTM) system, and DNA was isolated from white blood cells using standard procedures. The 291-bp PCR fragment was electrophoresed, visualized under UV light, and finally, digested with Hpy8 restriction endonuclease. ACTN3 RR+RX individuals demonstrated statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in SJ, CMJ, and DJ jump height, greater mean values of peak vertical ground reaction force (PVGRF), increased angular velocity at the knee joint during the DJ jump, and greater torque production at higher angular speeds during 5-m sprints. In conclusion, our study allowed us to deepen our knowledge regarding the role of α-actinin-3 protein in human locomotion. The results indicate that the ACTN3 gene influences force production and certain angular kinematic characteristics during explosive jumps and sprints.
The combined effects of tree shelters, large stock and vegetation control on the early growth of conifer seedlings

ABSTRACT Tree shelters are effective in enhancing early survival and growth and protecting planted seedlings against herbivory by mammals; they are, however, expensive. In order to be cost-effective, we need to employ silvicultural practices that maximize the benefits of using tree shelters. Thus, this study examined whether tree shelter effects on early seedling growth are enhanced by the combination of large stock and vegetation control, based on a three factor split-plot experiment for the first three years after planting the seedlings out in a fenced plantation of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). Vegetation control involved spot and strip weeding to reduce labor costs. The experiment demonstrated the great effect of tree shelters on enhancing the early height growth of seedlings. At the end of the third growing season, sheltered seedlings were 1.5 times taller than unsheltered seedlings on average, and approximately two-thirds of sheltered seedlings had exceeded the browsing height of deer, while unsheltered seedlings had not. Using large stock and employing vegetation control also positively affected seedling height. However, combining these treatments with tree shelters intensified the positive effects on seedling height, and shortened the period during which the leader shoots of seedlings would be unprotected from the browsing without fencing. The present study thus reveals that the combination of tree shelters, large stock and vegetation control is effective in maximizing the benefit of tree shelter installation.
Long‐term SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific and cross‐reactive cellular immune responses correlate with humoral responses, disease severity, and symptomatology

Cellular immune memory responses post coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have been difficult to assess due to the risks of contaminating the immune response readout with memory responses stemming from previous exposure to endemic coronaviruses. The work herein presents a large‐scale long‐term follow‐up study investigating the correlation between symptomology and cellular immune responses four to five months post seroconversion based on a unique severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐specific peptide pool that contains no overlapping peptides with endemic human coronaviruses.
Evaluation of Recent Intranasal Drug Delivery Systems to the Central Nervous System

Neurological diseases continue to increase in prevalence worldwide. Combined with the lack of modifiable risk factors or strongly efficacious therapies, these disorders pose a significant and growing burden on healthcare systems and societies. The development of neuroprotective or curative therapies is limited by a variety of factors, but none more than the highly selective blood-brain barrier. Intranasal administration can bypass this barrier completely and allow direct access to brain tissues, enabling a large number of potential new therapies ranging from bioactive peptides to stem cells. Current research indicates that merely administering simple solutions is inefficient and may limit therapeutic success. While many therapies can be delivered to some degree without carrier molecules or significant modification, a growing body of research has indicated several methods of improving the safety and efficacy of this administration route, such as nasal permeability enhancers, gelling agents, or nanocarrier formulations. This review shall discuss promising delivery systems and their role in expanding the clinical efficacy of this novel administration route. Optimization of intranasal administration will be crucial as novel therapies continue to be studied in clinical trials and approved to meet the growing demand for the treatment of patients with neurological diseases.
Nitrogen Sources for Phytoplankton in the Eastern Indian Ocean Determined From δ15N of Chlorophyll a and Divinylchlorophyll a

Nitrogen isotope analysis of chloropigments provides information on the sources of nitrogenous nutrients assimilated by phytoplankton. The abundant, ubiquitous chlorophyll a records nitrogen isotopic compositions (δ15N) of eukaryotic phytoplankton and cyanobacteria, whereas more source‐specific chloropigments, such as the divinylchlorophylls exclusively possessed by the marine picocyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, can potentially resolve isotopic variability within the phytoplankton community. In this study, we analyzed the δ15N of both chlorophyll a and divinylchlorophyll a isolated from suspended particulate material collected at the subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) along a meridional transect at 88°E in the oligotrophic eastern Indian Ocean. The nitrogen isotopic compositions of Prochlorococcus (δ15NPRO) and the combined biomass of eukaryotic phytoplankton and Synechococcus (δ15NEU+SYN) estimated from the δ15N of divinylchlorophyll a and chlorophyll a, respectively, revealed systematic variations that were not apparent from bulk isotope measurements. Whereas consistently low δ15NPRO indicated reliance of Prochlorococcus on regenerated nitrogen throughout the transect, elevation in δ15NEU+SYN values at several stations was interpreted to reflect assimilation of subsurface NO3− by eukaryotic phytoplankton. The δ15N distributions revealed subtle differences in NO3− availability at the SCM along the transect, which were consistently explained by the occurrence of mesoscale eddies in the Bay of Bengal, deepening of the mixed layer induced by a seasonal Wyrtki Jet in the equatorial region, and substantial deepening of the nutricline in the South Indian Ocean gyre. Our results highlight the utility of compound‐specific isotopic measurements of multiple species of chlorophylls in obtaining essential non‐incubation‐based biogeochemical constraints on the primary production in the ocean.
NMR Structure and Biophysical Characterization of Thermophilic Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein from Sulfolobus Solfataricus

Proteins from Sulfolobus solfataricus (S. solfataricus), an extremophile, are active even at high temperatures. The single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein of S. solfataricus (SsoSSB) is overexpressed to protect ssDNA during DNA metabolism. Although SsoSSB has the potential to be applied in various areas, its structural and ssDNA binding properties at high temperatures have not been studied. We present the solution structure, backbone dynamics, and ssDNA binding properties of SsoSSB at 50 °C. The overall structure is consistent with the structures previously studied at room temperature. However, the loop between the first two β sheets, which is flexible and is expected to undergo conformational change upon ssDNA binding, shows a difference from the ssDNA bound structure. The ssDNA binding ability was maintained at high temperature, but different interactions were observed depending on the temperature. Backbone dynamics at high temperature showed that the rigidity of the structured region was well maintained. The investigation of an N-terminal deletion mutant revealed that it is important for maintaining thermostability, structure, and ssDNA binding ability. The structural and dynamic properties of SsoSSB observed at high temperature can provide information on the behavior of proteins in thermophiles at the molecular level and guide the development of new experimental techniques.
Risk Factors for Brain Health in Agricultural Work: A Systematic Review

Certain exposures related to agricultural work have been associated with neurological disorders. To date, few studies have included brain health measurements to link specific risk factors with possible neural mechanisms. Moreover, a synthesis of agricultural risk factors associated with poorer brain health outcomes is missing. In this systematic review, we identified 106 articles using keywords related to agriculture, occupational exposure, and the brain. We identified seven major risk factors: non-specific factors that are associated with agricultural work itself, toluene, pesticides, heavy metal or dust exposure, work with farm animals, and nicotine exposure from plants. Of these, pesticides are the most highly studied. The majority of qualifying studies were epidemiological studies. Nigral striatal regions were the most well studied brain area impacted. Of the three human neuroimaging studies we found, two focused on functional networks and the third focused on gray matter. We identified two major directions for future studies that will help inform preventative strategies for brain health in vulnerable agricultural workers: (1) the effects of moderators such as type of work, sex, migrant status, race, and age; and (2) more comprehensive brain imaging studies, both observational and experimental, involving several imaging techniques.
HOW GREEN HOTEL PRACTICES STIMULATES CUSTOMER CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR? EXAMINING THE ROLE OF GREEN HOTEL MAGE AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN VIETNAM

The main purpose of this research is to propose and empirical test a conceptual model that clarifies the relationship between green hotel practices and customer citizenship behavior (CCB) with the mediating role is green hotel image and satisfaction in the perspective of customers. To test the hypothesis this research utilizes the data collected from a questionnaire survey from tourists who have visited the Moc Chau national tourist area, Son La – a mountainous province situated in the North West of Vietnam. Finally, the authors collected 212 valid questionnaires to test the hypothesis. The testing results indicated that green hotel practices positively influence customer citizenship behavior. Moreover, green hotel image and customer satisfaction contribute as the mediating effects in the relationship between green hotel practice and customer citizenship behavior. In contrast, green hotel image and customer satisfaction do not act as the serial mediation in this relationship.
Impact of Gut Microbiota on the Association between Diet and Depressive Symptoms in Breast Cancer

Little is known about the relationship between diet and depression through the gut microbiota among breast cancer patients. This study aimed to examine the dietary intake differences between depressed breast cancer (DBC) and non-depressed breast cancer (NBC) patients, and whether the differences could lead to gut microbiota changes that affect depressive symptoms. Participants completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) and 24 h dietary recall. Fecal samples of 18 DBC patients and 37 NBC patients were collected for next-generation sequencing. A total of 60 out of 205 breast cancer patients reported significant depressive symptoms suggested by a CES-D score ≥ 16, which might be related to lower intakes of energy, protein, dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin B2, niacin, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, selenium, manganese and tryptophan, and a poor diet quality indicated by a lower total Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) score. Additionally, NBC patients demonstrated greater gut microbiota diversity and a healthier composition, in which the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella were both lower than in the DBC patients (p < 0.05). Alpha diversity was a significant mediator between diet quality and depression, while calcium, phosphorus and selenium significantly regulated depression independent of the gut microbiota. Breast cancer-related depressive symptoms might be associated with a poor diet quality via gut microbiota-dependent pathways and lower micronutrient intake via microbiota-independent pathways.
The effect of urea and potassium sulfate on chemical qualities of date (Phoenix dactilyfera cv. ‘Zahedi’) during fruit maturation phases

Abstract The date palm fruit is a rich dietary food of human, in particular people lived in arid and semiarid regions of the world. In the present research, the influence of combined urea and potassium sulfate on chemical attributes fruit of ‘Zahedi’ cultivar during the fruit maturation growth in 2018 and 2019 was carried out as factorial experiment based on complete randomized block design (CRBD) with 3 replications. Urea source was N that applied at the 0, 0.5 and 1% concentrations which each level of urea embed with 3 different rates (0, 0.5, 1%) of potassium sulfate. The combination then sprayed at Hababouk and Chimri growth stages of the fruit development. The composition of urea and potassium sulfate reflected a significant quantity of N and indicated that application of 1% urea 1% potassium sulfate tended to incentive the greatest carotenoid at the Khalal. In overall, the combined spraying of urea and potassium sulfate resulted in chemical attributes improvement. Additionally, the results demonstrated that various changes among the different chemical qualities mainly depends on the maturity stage. Total soluble sugars, total acidity, starch, antioxidant activity, soluble tannin, total phenolic content, N, K, carotenoid generally exhibited a decreasing trend from Chimri to Tamar stages.