Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Taste preferences of preschoolers and parents' contribution to shaping their children's eating habits in the context of obesity development.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Improper diet of children and their preference for sweet taste may be risk factors for the development of obesity and childhood caries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the taste preferences of preschoolers and to estimate the methods used by parents to shape the nutritional behaviour of their children. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research covered 108 preschool children and 86 parents. All children completed a pictorial questionnaire containing images of 32 food products. The children expressed their preferences (I really like, I like, I don't like) by choosing the appropriate emoji. The questionnaire for parents concerned the diet of children on days off from kindergarten. The nutritional status of children was evaluated on the basis of the BMI. Children with normal weight/underweight and those overweight / obese were compared using χ2 or the exact Fisher test. RESULTS Most preschoolers indicated that they liked the most crisps, jam, sweets, chocolate and sweet drinks. They also enjoyed fruits which are naturally sweet: apples (97%) and bananas (94%). The favourite vegetables were cucumbers (84%), potatoes (83%), and carrots (77%). Children had a tendency to make incorrect food choices. Fast food was very popular, while fish was disliked. Parents reported that children like meatless sweet dishes (crêpes, pancakes, dumplings). Such factors as unlimited access to sweets at home (p=0.05) and rewarding/motivation with sweets (p=0.013) were significantly associated with a child's overweight/obesity status. Excess body weight was found in 22.1% of children (overweight - 3.5 %; obesity -18.6%). CONCLUSIONS Children had a clear preference for sweet taste. Reducing the consumption of sweets and increasing the nutritional awareness of parents and children may prevent the development of childhood obesity.
Typhoon Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts by the 2.5 km CReSS Model in Taiwan: Examples and Role of Topography

In this study, 24 h quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) in Taiwan at the ranges of day 1 (0–24 h), day 2 (24–48 h), and day 3 (48–72 h) by a cloud-resolving model are examined using categorical statistics, targeted mainly for the most-rainy 24 h from 10 typhoon cases between 2010 and 2015, following two earlier studies that evaluated the overall performance for all the typhoons that hit Taiwan from 2010 to 2012 and through 2015. In the selected examples with a peak amount of 322 to 1110 mm, the QPFs by the model (with a grid size of 2.5 km) are shown to be of very high quality for two typhoons (Soulik and Soudelor), and fairly good quality for three cases (Fanapi, Megi, and Fung-Wong) up to day 3 and for four others (Saola, Kong-Rey, Nanmadol, and Tembin) within day 2, respectively. The results are more variable for the one remaining case of Matmo, also impressive on day 1 but degraded at longer ranges. Overall, the quality of the QPFs ranges from excellent to satisfactory for all the typhoons studied as the threat score can achieve 0.2 at thresholds fairly close to the observed peak amount in some typhoons, or at least about half of it in most others. Since the majority of the typhoons produced the greatest rainfall amounts over the mountains in Taiwan due to the topographic effect, in agreement with many previous studies, the QPF skills by the model, often extending into high thresholds, as demonstrated, suggest that heavy rainfall from typhoons in Taiwan is generally of high predictability if and when the model has an adequate resolution.
Profil Aktivitas Fisik dan Perilaku Sendentary Mahasiswa Saat Pandemi COVID-19 Di Pulau Jawa

The spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia in these 3 months has experienced a significant increase. The pandemic or what people call it COVID-19 has far-reaching implications for public health. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the new coronavirus disease was spreading very quickly as a pandemic. COVID-19 has had a considerable impact, including sedentary behavior and poor levels of physical activity. It has been demonstrated in multicontinental studies (n= 1047) among adults that during the COVID-19 pandemic, daily sitting time increased by 28.6% and the frequency and duration of physical activity decreased by 24% and 33.5%, respectively. This research method uses google survey surveys on all students in Java, who incidentally are still listed as active students in lectures. So that the survey results given can be used as a description of the physical activity and sedentary behavior of all students. This survey was conducted on October 20, 2021 until November 10, 2021. From the results of the survey taken, it will be processed in Excel using the calculation of the IPAQ formula. The results of the survey using the IPAQ questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive analysis using the SPSS application. The results obtained on active students in Java with an average age range of 21 years are still quite good in doing physical activity, as many as (4%) by doing light physical activity, (95%) doing moderate physical activity, and (16%) do strenuous physical activity. often sedentary behavior (63.72%) and the rest have rare sedentary behavior (52.92%).
Divergent Drivers of Various Topsoil Phosphorus Fractions Across Tibetan Alpine Grasslands

The storage and dynamics of various soil phosphorus (P) fractions could determine soil P availability, and thus regulate terrestrial carbon cycle and its feedback to climate warming. However, little evidence is available about patterns and drivers of soil P fractions in alpine ecosystems which could play a crucial role in terrestrial carbon cycle. Here we evaluated various topsoil P fractions and their determinants in Tibetan alpine grasslands using systematic measurements along a 3,000 km transect. Our results showed that topsoil P concentrations in Tibetan alpine grasslands were higher or equivalent than those in temperate and tropical‐subtropical ecosystems. Our results also revealed distinct drivers among various soil P fractions: microbial properties and soil pH were dominant drivers of labile P and secondary mineral P fractions, respectively. Mineral properties were key determinants of occluded P and organic P fractions, whereas primary mineral P fraction was largely predicted by precipitation and mineral properties. The large‐scale evidence obtained in this study offers new insights for better predicting the trajectory of soil P availability and its interactions with ecosystem carbon cycle in alpine ecosystems under changing environment.
Additive and Interactive Genetically Contextual Effects of HbA1c on cg19693031 Methylation in Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has a complex genetic and environmental architecture that underlies its development and clinical presentation. Despite the identification of well over a hundred genetic variants and CpG sites that associate with T2D, a robust biosignature that could be used to prevent or forestall clinical disease has not been developed. Based on the premise that underlying genetic variation influences DNA methylation (DNAm) independently of or in combination with environmental exposures, we assessed the ability of local and distal gene x methylation (GxMeth) interactive effects to improve cg19693031 models for predicting T2D status in an African American cohort. Using genome-wide genetic data from 506 subjects, we identified a total of 1476 GxMeth terms associated with HbA1c values. The GxMeth SNPs map to biological pathways associated with the development and complications of T2D, with genetically contextual differences in methylation observed only in diabetic subjects for two GxMeth SNPs (rs2390998 AG vs. GG, p = 4.63 × 10−11, Δβ = 13%, effect size = 0.16 [95% CI = 0.05, 0.32]; rs1074390 AA vs. GG, p = 3.93 × 10−4, Δβ = 9%, effect size = 0.38 [95% CI = 0.12, 0.56]. Using a repeated stratified k-fold cross-validation approach, a series of balanced random forest classifiers with random under-sampling were built to evaluate the addition of GxMeth terms to cg19693031 models to discriminate between normoglycemic controls versus T2D subjects. The results were compared to those obtained from models incorporating only the covariates (age, sex and BMI) and the addition of cg19693031. We found a post-pruned classifier incorporating 10 GxMeth SNPs and cg19693031 adjusted for covariates predicted the T2D status, with the AUC, sensitivity, specificity and precision of the positive target class being 0.76, 0.81, 0.70 and 0.63, respectively. Comparatively, the AUC, sensitivity, specificity and precision using the covariates and cg19693031 were only 0.71, 0.74, 0.67 and 0.59, respectively. Collectively, we demonstrate correcting for genetic confounding of cg19693031 improves its ability to detect type 2 diabetes. We conclude that an integrated genetic–epigenetic approach could inform personalized medicine programming for more effective prevention and treatment of T2D.
Immunohistochemical expression of MCM4 and its main regulator in most prevalent benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasms

Review: Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are considered to be a challenging field in the diagnostic pathology, with many overlapping different histopathological features. PA, WT, MEC and ADCC are common neoplasms arising from the salivary glands. The sonic hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has important functions in embryonic development, cell proliferation and differentiation. MCM4 forms complex that binds to DNA and acts in the initiation of DNA replication, regulates cell proliferation and is considered a sensitive proliferation marker for cancer diagnosis. Aim of study: The current study aimed to examine the immunohistochemical expression of SHH in benign and malignant SGTs and correlate its expression with proliferation of tumor cells through expression of MCM4. Material and Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of SHH and MCM4 was evaluated in 5 samples of each PA, WT, MEC and ADCC. Results: The malignant SGTs showed the highest mean value for both SHH (25.69±6.89) and MCM4 expression (27.09±7.35) than benign groups, ADCC showed the higher mean value for SHH and MCM4 expressions while PA showed the lower mean value, with statistically significant positive relation between SHH and MCM4 expression in the benign and malignant SGTs and also in four SGTs studied. Conclusion: Over expression and strong positive correlation between SHH & MCM4 in benign & malignant SGTs indicates their important role in tumorigenesis of these neoplasms. Also, indicates their crucial role in undifferention and progression of cancer cells by increasing their proliferation ability, which makes them promising prognostic factors and new targeted genes therapies in treatment of these tumors.
Effects of honeybee (Apis cerana) visiting behaviour on toxic plant (Tripterygium hypoglaucum) reproduction

Abstract Honeybees play a significant role in the plant–pollinator interactions of many flowering plants. The ecological and evolutionary consequences of plant–pollinator interactions vary by geographic region, and the effects of honeybees on the reproduction of toxic plants have not been well studied. We measured the florescence of toxic plants, the flower-visiting behaviour of honeybees and the effects of pollination on the fertility, weight and moisture content of seeds. The effects of climatic factors on the number of flowers, and the spatial and temporal variation in pollinator visits were evaluated, and the effects of pollinator visits on seed quality were evaluated. Flower visitors were diverse, climatic factors had a great impact on spatio-temporal flowering variation and the number of bee visits was strongly correlated with the spatio-temporal variation in the number of flowers. Honeybees strongly increase the fullness and weight of seeds. Our study demonstrated a good ecological fit between the spatio-temporal variation in the flowering of toxic plants and the general validity of honeybee pollination syndrome in the south of Hengduan Mountains in East Asia. A linear relationship between honeybee visitation and plant reproduction can benefit the stabilization of plant reproduction.
Structural Requirements for the Binding of a Peptide to Prohibitins on the Cell Surface of Monocytes/Macrophages

The screening of phage peptide libraries resulted in the identification of a sequence (named NW peptide, NWYLPWLGTNDW) that specifically binds to human monocytes and macrophages. Although the NW peptide can be used for the targeted delivery of therapeutics without knowledge of its receptor(s), the identification of-its binding partners will support future clinical applications-Here, we used the biotinylated NW peptide for cross-linking cell surface receptor(s) on live cells or as bait in pull-down assays with membrane proteins isolated from monocytes or human THP-1 cells differentiated into macrophages. Proteomic analysis of the captured proteins identified cell surface prohibitins (PHB1 and PHB2) and modified albumin as binding partners. Using flow cytometry and pull-down methods, we demonstrated that PHB1 and PHB2 interact directly with the NW peptide. Confocal imaging showed co-localization of the peptide with PHB1 on the surface of monocytes. Single replacement of either tryptophan or leucine with alanine completely inhibited binding, whereas the replacement of asparagine at position 1 or 10 and aspartic acid at position 11 with alanine did not affect the binding of the peptide variants. Neutral amino acid replacement of tryptophan at positions 2, 6, and 12 with tyrosine or phenylalanine also abolished the binding, implying that the indole ring of tryptophan is indispensable for the NW peptide to bind. Overall, the data suggest that membrane-associated prohibitins might be a useful target for the delivery of therapeutics to monocytes/macrophages and that tryptophan and leucine are key residues for peptide binding.
Factors associated with knowledge and awareness of stroke among the Lebanese population: A cross-sectional study

Background: Evaluation of the knowledge about stroke in the general population is extremely vital as it prevents stroke development, limits complications, and achieves better quality of life. We assume that the general Lebanese population lacks awareness about stroke and its associated complications. This study aims to evaluate stroke knowledge and determine the factors associated with stroke awareness among the general Lebanese population. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics and the identification of risk factors, warning signs, stroke consequences, and early response to stroke symptoms. A total of 551 Lebanese adults without a history of stroke filled in an online self-reported questionnaire publicly shared on social applications. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with poor knowledge of stroke. Results: Among the 551 participants enrolled, 403 (74.2%) were females and 312 (56.7%) were under 30 years of age. Females compared to males and employed compared to unemployed had significantly higher odds of identifying at least one risk factor (OR=4.3 [95%CI=1.1;16.8] and 6 [95%CI=1.2;29.6], respectively). Also, when compared to unemployed, employed participants had significantly higher odds of recognizing at least one of the early stroke symptoms (OR=3.3 [95%CI=1.2;8.9]) and identifying at least one of the stroke consequences (OR=5.3 [95%CI=1.1;25.9]). Reaching a university level of education compared to a school level was associated with significantly higher odds (OR=2.3 [95%CI=1.1;4.8]) of taking a patient to a hospital. Conclusion: Well-educated, employed, and female participants were more knowledgeable about stroke. Tailored interventions focusing on individuals with inadequate stroke literacy are needed. Further studies, more representative of the general Lebanese population with a larger sample size, are necessary to confirm our findings.
Linking Land Use and Plant Functional Diversity Patterns in Sabah, Borneo, through Large-Scale Spatially Continuous Sentinel-2 Inference

Global biodiversity losses erode the functioning of our vital ecosystems. Functional diversity is increasingly recognized as a critical link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Satellite earth observation was proposed to address the current absence of information on large-scale continuous patterns of plant functional diversity. This study demonstrates the inference and spatial mapping of functional diversity metrics through satellite remote sensing over a large key biodiversity region (Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, ~53,000 km2) and compares the derived estimates across a land-use gradient as an initial qualitative assessment to test the potential merits of the approach. Functional traits (leaf water content, chlorophyll-a and -b, and leaf area index) were estimated from Sentinel-2 spectral reflectance using a pre-trained neural network on radiative transfer modeling simulations. Multivariate functional diversity metrics were calculated, including functional richness, divergence, and evenness. Spatial patterns of functional diversity were related to land-use data distinguishing intact forest, logged forest, and oil palm plantations. Spatial patterns of satellite remotely sensed functional diversity are significantly related to differences in land use. Intact forests, as well as logged forests, featured consistently higher functional diversity compared to oil palm plantations. Differences were profound for functional divergence, whereas functional richness exhibited relatively large variances within land-use classes. By linking large-scale patterns of functional diversity as derived from satellite remote sensing to land-use information, this study indicated initial responsiveness to broad human disturbance gradients over large geographical and spatially contiguous extents. Despite uncertainties about the accuracy of the spatial patterns, this study provides a coherent early application of satellite-derived functional diversity toward further validation of its responsiveness across ecological gradients.
The Relationship Between Machiavellian Leadership, Budget Participation, and Budgetary Slack: mediating propensity to create slack and moderating Locus of Control

The study aims to investigate the relationship between Machiavellian Leadership style, Budget Participation, and Budgetary Slack, with the mediating role of Propensity to create slack, and the moderating role of Locus of Control. The study encompasses bankers, who work in Egyptian banking sector. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed using electronic survey, and 274 questionnaires were retrieved, with a response rate of 71.3%, statistical analysis was conducted on 248 questionnaires. Simple and multiple regressions were used to analyse the data and test hypotheses. The study found a significant positive effects of Machiavellian Leadership style, Budget Participation, on Budgetary Slack. Moreover, the study found a positive and significant partial mediating role of Propensity to create slack on this relation. Finally, the study found a negative and significant partial moderating role of locus of control on the relationship between Machiavellian Leadership style and budgetary slack. The reported findings are interdisciplinary in nature, as it contributes to two different literatures, namely Management accounting literature and organizational behaviour literature. Moreover, this is one of the first studies to confirm the concluded mediating and moderating roles in the middle eastern context.
EFFECT OF GLYCINE SUPPLEMENTATION OF MANDARAH LOCAL CHICKENS DIETARY ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplemental of glycine (Gly) on modulating physiological and reproduction performance of Mandarah (M) local chickens. A total of 135 hens and 18 cocks, from 28 to 40 weeks of age were randomly assigned to 3 treatments, and each treatment (T) include 45 hens and 6 cocks divided in 3 replicates of 15 hens and 2 cocks each. The 1 st group (T1) was fed the basal diet and served as a control group (without supplementation). The 2 nd group and 3 rd group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1 and 0.2 %, Gly (1 and 2 gm/ kg diet), respectively. ). The study showed that the cocks Gly treatments (0.1 and 0.2 %) were significantly (P<0.05) increased in the ejaculate volume, total sperm output, semen quality factor , total motile sperm, thyroxine (T4) and follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH) compared with control treatment . Chickens that received diet supplemented with 0.1 % Gly had significant higher sperm concentration, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), triiodothyronine (T3) than those of control T1. No significant differences among T2, T3 and control (T1) in sperm motility %, live sperm %, dead sperm %, abnormal sperm %, fertility, hatchability, catalase, glutathione enzyme and luteinizing hormone (LH). Conclusively, it could be recommended to supply layer diets with Gly for better physiologically performance during the laying period.
Distributive Justice and Turnover Intention Among Medical Staff in Shenzhen, China: The Mediating Effects of Organizational Commitment and Work Engagement

Background Turnover of medical staff is a vital issue in the global healthcare system. Previous evidence has confirmed the critical effect of distributive justice on turnover intention, but few studies have focused on the mediating mechanism behind this relationship or the medical staff. This study aimed to examine the mediating roles of organizational commitment and work engagement in the relationship between distributive justice and turnover intention of medical staff, and explore potential occupational differences. Methods Stratified random sampling was adopted to select qualified medical staff from each clinical department of a large general hospital in Shenzhen, China, at a physician-to-nurse ratio of 1:1.5. The medical staff were surveyed using the Distributive Justice Scale, the Organizational Commitment Scale, the Work Engagement Scale, and the Turnover Intention Scale from May to July 2020. Of the 500 medical staff sampled, 480 responded (response rate: 96.00%), and 457 were finally included for analysis (effective response rate: 95.21%). A mediation analysis was performed using Model 6 of the SPSS macro PROCESS program. Results There were significant positive correlations among distributive justice, organizational commitment, and work engagement and significant negative correlations among distributive justice, organizational commitment, work engagement, and turnover intention. Distributive justice directly and negatively affected the turnover intention of physicians and nurses, but there were occupational differences in the underlying mechanism between distributive justice and turnover intention. Distributive justice indirectly affected turnover intention among physicians mainly through the mediating effect of organizational commitment, and indirectly among nurses through three different pathways: the mediating effect of organizational commitment, the mediating effect of work engagement, and the chain mediating effect of organizational commitment and work engagement. Conclusion The relationship between distributive justice and turnover intention was found to be mediated by organizational commitment and work engagement among medical staff in Shenzhen, with variations between physicians and nurses. Thus, appropriately targeted interventions are needed for physicians and nurses to reduce turnover intention.