Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Achieving Sybil-Proofness in Distributed Work Systems

In a multi-agent system where agents provide quantifiable work for each other on a voluntary basis, reputation mechanisms are incorporated to induce cooperation. Hereby agents assign their peers numerical scores based on their reported transaction histories. In such systems, adversaries can launch an attack by creating fake identities called Sybils, who report counterfeit transactions among one another, with the aim of increasing their own scores in the eyes of others. This paper provides new results about the Sybil-proofness of reputation mechanisms. We revisit the impossibility result of Seuken and Parkes (2011), who show that strongly-beneficial Sybil attacks cannot be prevented on reputation mechanisms satisfying three particular requirements. We prove that, under a more rigorous set of definitions of Sybil attack benefit, this result no longer holds. We characterise properties under which reputation mechanisms are susceptible to strongly-beneficial Sybil attacks. Building on our results, we propose a minimal set of requirements for reputation mechanisms to achieve resistance to such attacks, which are stronger than the results by Cheng and Friedman (2005), who show Sybil-proofness of certain asymmetric reputation mechanisms.
Drawing on Subjective Knowledge and Information Receptivity to Examine an Environmental Sustainability Policy: Insights from the UK's Bag Charge Policy

DANAE MANIKA, SAVVAS PAPAGIANNIDIS, MICHAEL BOURLAKIS and RICHARD M. CLARKE Brunel Business School, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK Newcastle University Business School, 5 Barrack Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4SE, UK Cranfield School of Management, Cranfiled Campus, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK Newcastle University Business School, Newcastle University London, 102 Middlesex Street, London E1 7EZ, UK
Effects of different types of herbs on colour and texture properties of Kashar cheese

In this study, six types of Kashar cheese, five with added herbs and one without any additives, which is determined as a control sample were produced. Urtica dioica L. (nettle), Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Mentha piperita (mint) and Eruca vesicaria (arugula), Chaerophyllum byzantinum Boiss. (mendek) were added to cheese clot in proportion as 0.1% amounting to 0.1-0.3 cm split particles depending on the milk used. Then, all the cheeses were vacuum-packed and ripened at 7 ±1°C for 3 months, and their L*, a*, b* colour values and textural parameters including resilience, hardness, elasticity, gumminess, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, and chewiness were determined using texture profile analyses (TPA). It was observed that neither cohesiveness, adhesiveness and elastic parameters of texture profile differed in terms of cheese type, nor important statistical difference was identified (P˃0.10), differences regarding the ripening process found out though (P<0.05).
PROFILE OF NEONATAL MORTALITY WITH A FOCUS ON IDENTIFYING THE AVOIDANCE OF DEATHS PERFIL DA MORTALIDADE NEONATAL COM ENFOQUE NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA EVITABILIDADE DOS ÓBITOS PERFIL DE MORTALIDAD NEONATAL CON ENFOQUE EN LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA EVITABILIDAD DE LAS MUERTES

Objective: To identify the profile of neonatal mortality in Foz do Iguaçu/Paraná with a focus on identifying the avoidance of deaths. Method: Descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The data collected by the Death Certificate of neonates, with death occurring in the municipality between 2014 and 2018. The sample consisted of 183 death records. Results: Most deaths were of male neonates, white skin color/race, extremely preterm, and with extremely low weight at birth. The gestation of a single fetus, the type of cesarean delivery, mothers without live children, without a history of fetal loss or abortion, aged between 20 and 34 years old, with completed high school and housewives predominated. Conclusion: The results indicate that the determinants that contributed most to neonatal mortality are in the proximal category, which includes biological factors such as the early neonatal period, prematurity, and low weight at birth. Deaths were considered avoidable and reducible by adequate control in pregnancy. Descriptors: Maternal and Child Health; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Death.
Variable susceptibility in populations of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) to propargite and chlorpyrifos

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a major pest of crops and ornamental plants worldwide. It is a highly polyphagous pest that has a notorious reputation for its ability to rapidly develop resistance to commonly used pesticides. Thus, in the current study, the contact toxicity of propargite (EC 57%) and chlorpyrifos (EC 40.8%) was investigated against two populations of T. urticae from Iran, Mahallat (MhR) and Karaj (KrS), using a leaf-dip bioassay. Findings showed that the LC50 of propargite against MhR and KrS populations was 5337.90 and 116.81 mg a.i/l, respectively. While the LC50 of the chlorpyrifos against MhR and KrS populations was 2760.83 and 479.25 mg a.i/l, respectively. Based on the median lethal concentrations (LC50), MhR and KrS populations were considered as resistant and susceptible populations to both pesticides, respectively. MhR population was 5.76-fold and 45.70-fold more resistant to chlorpyrifos and propargite than the KrS population, respectively. Insecticide synergists including triphenyl phosphate (TPP), piperonyl butoxide (PBO), and diethyl maleate (DEM)) revealed the contribution of esterases, glutathione S-transferases (GST), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) to resistance. Nonetheless, the involvement of esterases and P450s was more evident against chlorpyrifos and propargite, respectively. The activity of P450s, GSTs, esterases, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was measured in susceptible and resistant populations. All enzymes showed significantly higher activity in the resistant population than in the susceptible one. Additionally, zymogram analysis of esterase showed two distinct bands in the MhR population, whereas the stronger band was absent in KrS population. These results indicate that metabolic pathways are associated with chlorpyrifos and propargite resistance in the MhR population.
Application of Linear Discriminant Model to Evaluate the Association Between Milk Production, Reproductive Performance, and Calving Season in Dairy Cattle

This study was aimed to determine the performance of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for differentiation between seasons of calving on the basis of305day- milk yield, fat %, protein %, days open (DO), days to first insemination (DFI), and number of services per conception. By considering the assumption of this method, a random sample was selected from the animals being represented by all explanatory variables. The discrimination between seasons of calving was depended on the significance of coefficients, classification rate, in addition to the group centroids. Results showed that LDA method selected 305day-milk yield (kg), days open (DO), days to first insemination and number of services per conception, as the significant (P < 0.05) contributors for data classification. The total variance explained by 2 functions was 79.2% and 15.9%, respectively. So, the 1st function can do well in discrimination process than the 2ndone. The percentage of correct classification was 64.6%. In conclusion, LDA can be used effectively for classification of calving seasons, even with violation of normality assumption.
Efficiency of nitrogen and potassium application on phytotechnical parameters and yield of melon

Phytotechnical parameters, yield and fertilizer use efficiency are relevant to the rational management of fertigation, especially in cultivation of high technological level. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the influence and efficiency of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) application on the phytotechnical parameters, yield and nutritional efficiency of yellow melon in a fertigation system. The experiment was conducted in the city of Bom Jesus-PI, Brazil, from January to April 2016, in a strip-block design with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of five N levels (0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha in the form of urea) and five K levels (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha in the form of potassium chloride), applied through fertigation. Collar diameter, main branch length, leaf chlorophyll content, number of leaves, leaf area index, biomass accumulation, fruit yield, and N and K use efficiencies were evaluated. Applications of 180 kg ha of N and 240 kg ha of K, respectively, led to the highest growth of the melon, while maximum production was obtained with the use of 112.50 and 165 kg ha of N and K, respectively. The efficiency of N and K use decreased with increasing levels.
Integration of Automobile Mechatronics Technology into the Curriculum of Automobile Trades Programmes at the Technical Colleges in Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of automobile industries workshop craftsmen in relation to the integration of automobile mechatronics technology into the curriculum of automobile trade programmes in technical colleges in Nigeria. Three research questions guided the study. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study is 31 comprising 23 automobile industries workshop craftsmen who are currently working in automobile companies in Enugu state, and eight (8) automobile trades’ technical teachers in technical colleges in Enugu state. A structured questionnaire titled Instrument for Integrating Automobile Mechatronics Sub-systems (IIAMS) was used for data collection. Two experts from the Department of Industrial Technical Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, and one expert from Anambra Motor Manufacturing Company (ANAMCO) face validated the instrument. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was found to be 0.87 using Cronbach Alpha. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for the research questions, while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses. The results of the study indicate that that automobile craftsmen find difficulties in servicing some automobile mechatronics sub-systems, while 16 mechatronics sub-systems were agreed on to be integrated into the automobile curriculum. It was recommended that these mechatronics sub-systems should be integrated into technical college curriculum and that technical colleges should partner with automobile industries for effective training of craftsmen. The study will contribute positively to the understanding of automobile mechatronics technology, and how it can be integrated into the curriculum.
EndoCuff-Assisted Colonoscopy Versus Standard Colonoscopy in Colonic Polyp Detection-Experience from a Single Tertiary Centre

Background. Standard colonoscopy fails to visualize the entire colon mucosa and consequently a significant amount of polyps are still being missed. New device, such as EndoCuff, have been developed to improve mucosal visualisation, hence the quality in colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic yield of EndoCuff-assisted colonoscopy in comparison with standard colonoscopy by taking into consideration several quality indicators. Methods. In this study, 965 adults ≥ 18 years referred for colonoscopy were randomly divided into two groups. The main statistical investigation compared the difference between EndoCuff-assisted colonoscopy (EC) vs. standard colonoscopy (SC) in the detection of colonic polyps and adenoma detection rate (ADR). The second inquiry sought to compare experienced vs. recently trained and female vs. male operators. Results. The ADR was higher for EC than for SC (37.50% vs. 26.64%). Regarding the mean number of detected polyps per procedure (MPP), the result was statistically significant when generally comparing the EC vs. SC (p=0.0009). There were no differences in MPP between EC and SC for recently trained endoscopists (p=0.7446), while a significant difference for experienced doctors (p=0,0020) was noted. A significant difference was observed between female doctors and male doctors only when using SC. EC was more helpful for female doctors when assessing MPP (p=0.0118). No serious adverse events related to EndoCuff-assisted colonoscopy was noted. Conclusions. EndoCuff-assisted colonoscopy seems to be safe and may bring benefits for improving the polyp/adenoma detection rates in regard to missed lesions, usually located in blind areas.
Family residential choices in Montreal metropolitan area: A community-based analysis

Whether families with children choose to live in the suburbs to benefit from cheap land or do so to avoid decaying socio-economic conditions of central neighbourhoods remains a central question for public policy. To explore that question, this article investigates the characteristics of communities within the Montreal metropolitan area where families with children have chosen to live (108 communities). Three different analyses are undertaken. The first analysis is a community-based estimation of the Alonso model. It shows that the average price of a single-family house within a community varies with distance to the Central Business District (CBD), and that space per household for housing grows in relation with distance. The second analysis is inspired by life-cycle arguments. It shows that housing space is not as significant as new housing development or poverty to explain the proportion of families with children in communities of the metropolitan area. The third analysis, using data pertaining to families with children only, shows that communities closer to the CBD have a higher proportion of low-income families as well as high-income ones. These communities also have a higher proportion of families with parents that are immigrants, have university degrees, are single (divorced), and are under 35 years old. Mothers are also more likely to be active in these communities. We conclude that developing homogenous neighbourhoods designed for upper-middle-class households and knowledge-based workers may better contribute to the attraction of families with children in Montreal’s central neighbourhoods than building affordable housing.
Video Frame Prediction Using Convolutional LSTM Networks

This thesis evaluated Convoultional LSTM (ConvLSTM) for frame prediction to help better understand motion in neural networks. Three different neural networks were implemented and trained. The three networks included, the original ConvLSTM paper by Shi et al . [35], the Spatio-Temporal network by Patraucean et al . [32], and the VPN by Kalchbrenner et al . [21]. Implementing and training the three networks allowed thorough testing and comparison of the accuracy and performance of the networks. The original ConvLSTM was reasonably easy to re-implement and train, and it performed as expected. The Spatio-Temporal network and VPN were unable to achieve the desired results, but still showed improvements over the ConvLSTM. The VPN outperformed both the ConvLSTM and spatio-temporal networks and performed better than the reported results in Patraucean et al . [32]. The VPN also showed that it over-fits the data.
Penerapan Media Loose Part untuk Kreativitas Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya kemampuan anak dalam berkreasi menuangkan ide gagasannya secara mandiri tanpa bantuan guru. Hal ini terlihat dari kurangnya anak dalam menyelesaikan keterampilan dalam membuat suatu karya bebas. Karena pembelajaran masih terdominasi pada buku panduan atau LKA. Tujuan penelitian akan menguraikan secara deskriptif kualitatif pembelajaran dalam penerapan media loose parts terhadap kreativitas anak usia 5-6 tahun. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan jumlah subjek penelitian 24 anak yang terdiri dari 9 anak perempuan dan 15 anak laki-laki. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui observasi dan dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui media loose parts dapat meningkatkan kreativitas anak. Dari hasil penelitian ini disarankan kepada guru PAUD dalam meningkatkan kreativitas anak dapat mengunakan media media loose parts menggunakan bahan dari lingkungan sekitar anak
Bilateral dependence of sleep disorders and temporal lobe epilepsy – literature review

Introduction. The analysis of sleep and its phases in the context of various pathophysiologies has attracted increasing attention from the scientific community; therfore, this review of the literature focuses on temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Objective. The aim of the review is to systematize and update the knowledge and research currently available on the interplay of sleep deprivation and seizures in TLE, with
The Cultural Practices that Influence on the Entrepreneurial Activity: An Empirical Study from the Globe Project Cultural Dimensions

There are few empirical studies focused on the culture, as one of the informal factors that influences business development in a region. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the perception of a society about its cultural practices based on cultural dimensions that are related to entrepreneurial activity. Through literature review, five cultural dimensions that would be closely related to entrepreneurship were identified, which has been corroborated in previous empirical studies. For this research, the city of Medellin (located in Colombia, developing country), which has been characterized by its high rate of business activity at the national level, is taken as context for the fieldwork. The findings show that the society under study perceives that its regional culture is characterized by a high level of assertiveness, hence its competitive nature and propensity to take risks, to boost the entrepreneurial activity.
Financial profitability of maize production with bio-fertilizer based on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi native to Benin

Soil degradation, one of the causes associated with declining maize productivity is an environmental concern whose consequences are felt most strongly by poor people in developing countries. Indeed, the production of maize on soil fertilized with a combination of mycorrhizal fungi and half a dose of NPK has resulted in a production like that of the extension practice in Benin. This study aims, through an analysis of the financial profitability, to highlight the interest that maize production can generate with the production system using biofertilizer based on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in Benin. The study was conducted among 100 randomly selected maize producers in 9 villages in South-Benin, Central-Benin and North-Benin. Economic profitability indicators including net margin, average labor productivity, and profit-cost ratio were determined. The results showed that regardless of the production area, maize cultivation with the AMF biofertilizer-based system was more profitable for producers (63,830 FCAF of net margin against 43,730 FCAF for vulgarized practice). Thus, agricultural policies could be oriented towards the promotion of maize inputs based on AMF bio-fertilizers to facilitate their availability to producers. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal, Zea mays L. , crop production systems; economic efficiency, farm development, Benin.
A Review of the Soundness of a Study Based on the Understanding of a Good Research

Listening has played an increasingly important role in language learning and acquisition. The issue of the potential relationship between background knowledge and listening comprehension attracted more attentions among linguistics and language scholars over the past decade. The main focus of this paper is to concentrate on the soundness of an empirical study conducted by Sadighi and Zare in 2006, offering an in-depth analysis of this relationship mentioned above. To illustrate this, a brief summary of their research is given. The next session assesses the rationality of the study, presenting details of three areas which include subject selection, data collection and data analysis. Finally, a concluding conception of its beneficial and profound significance in conducting a further good study will be demonstrated.
Density Measure in Context Clustering for Distributional Semantics of Word Sense Induction

Word Sense Induction (WSI) aims at inducing word senses from data without using a prior knowledge. Utilizing no labeled data motivated researchers to use clustering techniques for this task. There exist two types of clustering algorithm: parametric or non-parametric. Although non-parametric clustering algorithms are more suitable for inducing word senses, their shortcomings make them useless. Meanwhile, parametric clustering algorithms show competitive results, but they suffer from a major problem that is requiring to set a predefined fixed number of clusters in advance. The main contribution of this paper is to show that utilizing the silhouette score normally used as an internal evaluation metric to measure the clusters’ density in a parametric clustering algorithm, such as K-means, in the WSI task captures words’ senses better than the state-of-the-art models. To this end, word embedding approach is utilized to represent words’ contextual information as vectors. To capture the context in the vectors, we propose two modes of experiments: either using the whole sentence, or limited number of surrounding words in the local context of the target word to build the vectors. The experimental results based on V-measure evaluation metric show that the two modes of our proposed model beat the state-of-the-art models by 4.48% and 5.39% improvement. Moreover, the average number of clusters and the maximum number of clusters in the outputs of our proposed models are relatively equal to the gold data