Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activity profile of top-class association football referees in relation to fitness-test performance and match standard

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the kinematic activity profiles, cardiovascular responses and physical fitness of top-class football referees (n = 11) during the FIFA Confederations Cup 2005. Computerised match-analyses (n = 9) were performed with a two-dimensional photogrammetric video system, and the cardiovascular demand imposed on the referees (n = 12) was measured using heart rate recordings. Total distance covered was 10,218, s = 643 m of which 3531, s = 510 m was covered at high intensities (> 3.6 m · s−1). Both total distance covered (r 2 = 0.59; P = 0.02) and high-intensity activities (r 2 = 0.44; P = 0.05) were related to the distance covered by the ball in the same match. The referees ran at high speed 37% further (P = 0.01) in the actual tournament than during under-17 top-level officiating. After the 5-min interval during which high-speed running peaked, in the following 5 min the performance was reduced by 19% (P = 0.01) in relation to the mean of the game. Mean heart rate was 161, s = 9 b · min−1 (86, s = 3% of maximal heart rate (HRmax)). Mean heart rate (expressed as percentage of HRmax) was related in part (r 2 = 0.36; P < 0.01) to the number of high-intensity activities performed in the same 5-min interval. The results of this study show that: (1) kinematic activity profiles of top-class referees can be influenced by the distance covered by the ball; (2) the amount of high-speed running (>5 m · s−1) best describes the physical performance of referees; (3) heart rate recording can be a useful tool to determine the most intense periods of a match and (4) the new fitness tests adopted by FIFA were poor predictors of match activities.
Immortalization of Human Neural Stem Cells with the c-Myc Mutant T58A

Human neural stem cells (hNSC) represent an essential source of renewable brain cells for both experimental studies and cell replacement therapies. Their relatively slow rate of proliferation and physiological senescence in culture make their use cumbersome under some experimental and pre-clinical settings. The immortalization of hNSC with the v-myc gene (v-IhNSC) has been shown to generate stem cells endowed with enhanced proliferative capacity, which greatly facilitates the study of hNSCs, both in vitro and in vivo. Despite the excellent safety properties displayed by v-IhNSCs – which do not transform in vitro and are not tumorigenic in vivo – the v-myc gene contains several mutations and recombination elements, whose role(s) and effects remains to be elucidated, yielding unresolved safety concerns. To address this issue, we used a c-myc T58A retroviral vector to establish an immortal cell line (T-IhNSC) from the same hNSCs used to generate the original v-IhNSCs and compared their characteristics with the latter, with hNSC and with hNSC immortalized using c-myc wt (c-IhNSC). T-IhNSCs displayed an enhanced self-renewal ability, with their proliferative capacity and clonogenic potential being remarkably comparable to those of v-IhNSC and higher than wild type hNSCs and c-IhNSCs. Upon growth factors removal, T-IhNSC promptly gave rise to well-differentiated neurons, astrocytes and most importantly, to a heretofore undocumented high percentage of human oligodendrocytes (up to 23%). Persistent growth-factor dependence, steady functional properties, lack of ability to generate colonies in soft-agar colony-forming assay and to establish tumors upon orthotopic transplantation, point to the fact that immortalization by c-myc T58A does not bring about tumorigenicity in hNSCs. Hence, this work describes a novel and continuous cell line of immortalized human multipotent neural stem cells, in which the immortalizing agent is represented by a single gene which, in turn, carries a single and well characterized mutation. From a different perspective, these data report on a safe approach to increase human neural stem cells propagation in culture, without altering their basic properties. These T-IhNSC line provides a versatile model for the elucidation of the mechanisms involved in human neural stem cells expansion and for development of high throughput assays for both basic and translational research on human neural cell development. The improved proclivity of T-IhNSC to generate human oligodendrocytes propose T-IhNSC as a feasible candidate for the design of experimental and, perhaps, therapeutic approaches in demyelinating diseases.
EmoEmma: emotional speech input for interactive storytelling

techniques for narrative generation and agent behaviour have made significant progress in recent years, natural language processing remains a bottleneck hampering the scalability of Interactive Storytelling systems. This demonstrator introduces a novel interaction technique based solely on emotional speech recognition. It allows the user to use speech to interact with virtual actors without any constraints on style or expressivity, by mapping the recognised emotional categories to narrative situations and virtual characters feelings.
Social signal processing for studying parent–infant interaction

Studying early interactions is a core issue of infant development and psychopathology. Automatic social signal processing theoretically offers the possibility to extract and analyze communication by taking an integrative perspective, considering the multimodal nature and dynamics of behaviors (including synchrony). This paper proposes an explorative method to acquire and extract relevant social signals from a naturalistic early parent–infant interaction. An experimental setup is proposed based on both clinical and technical requirements. We extracted various cues from body postures and speech productions of partners using the IMI2S (Interaction, Multimodal Integration, and Social Signal) Framework. Preliminary clinical and computational results are reported for two dyads (one pathological in a situation of severe emotional neglect and one normal control) as an illustration of our cross-disciplinary protocol. The results from both clinical and computational analyzes highlight similar differences: the pathological dyad shows dyssynchronic interaction led by the infant whereas the control dyad shows synchronic interaction and a smooth interactive dialog. The results suggest that the current method might be promising for future studies.
Summary report on enterprise security workshop

This report summarizes the presentations of the 7th IEEE Workshops on enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WETICE 2002), Enterprise Security (ES) Workshop.The ES Workshop had 13 papers, 2 poster papers and 1 specialty paper presented. The topics covered the following: Anonymity and Cryptography, Authentication and Access Control, Communication Security, Intrusion Detection, and Software and Network Security.Professor Jeannette Wing of Carnegie Mellon University, gave the Plenary Address on the topic of "Vulnerability Analysis of Networked Systems. " At the joint WETICE session, the ES Workshop Summary Report was presented describing the activities and discussions.
A methodology for revealing and monitoring the strategies played by neural networks in mind games

An effective approach in the application of computational intelligence to mind-games is neuro-evolution. Neural networks are efficient at autonomous learning and pattern recognition tasks, which has led to many outstanding accomplishments in mind-games' playing ability. Neuro-evolution is a practical way that uses an evolutionary framework to train a neural network in a complicated context where credit assignment is hard. However, the neuro-evolution process may stagnate, or result in solutions with a limited quality. Potentially a cause for this problem are the limitations in understanding the neuro-activities as evolution progresses. A possible solution lies in unfolding the dynamics of the evolution process and the types of the strategies evolved as the evolution progresses; thus providing a diagnostic tool in real-time to identify neuro-dynamic causes of stagnation. Rule-extraction techniques are a notable solution to understanding the networks evolved. However, the extracted rules lack the necessary expressiveness to explain game-playing strategies. We call these rules a syntactic representation of the network that lacks semantic power. In this paper, we will present a methodology whereby a computational environment is used to unfold the evolution of a mind-game neuro-player; thus providing semantic power. Within this environment, we propose to extend the role of computer players to act as a “cognitive” functionality model, thus providing deeper kinds of explanations. We use the game of Go to demonstrate the functionality of the methodology. We then demonstrate that this methodology is successful in determining the types of strategies evolved in a neural Go player, and in monitoring the dynamics of the evolution.
U-INVITE: Estimating Individual Semantic Networks from Fluency Data

Semantic networks have been used extensively in psychology to describe how humans organize facts and knowledge in memory. Numerous methods have been proposed to construct semantic networks using data from memory retrieval tasks, such as the semantic fluency task (listing items in a category). However these methods typically generate group-level networks, and sometimes require a very large amount of participant data. We present a novel computational method for estimating an individual’s semantic network using semantic fluency data that requires very little data. We establish its efficacy by examining the semantic relatedness of associations estimated by the model.
A Taxonomy of Custom Computing Machines

The need for providing a hardware platform which can be customized on a per-application basis under software control has established the Reconfigurable Computing ( ) as a new computing paradigm. A machine employing the paradigm is referred to as a Custom Computing Machine (CCM). Till now, the CCMs have been classified according to implementation criteria. As the previous classifications do not seize well the meaning of the paradigm, we propose a classification of the CCMs according to architectural criteria. In order to analyze the phenomena inside CCMs, we introduce a new formalism based on microcode, in which any FPGA-dedicated instruction is executed as a microprogrammed sequence with two basic stages: , and . Based on the ! formalism, we then propose an architectural-based taxonomy of CCMs. Keywords— Reconfigurable Computing, Custom Computing Machines, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, microcode, CCMs taxonomy.
Relationship between HIV Stigma and Self-Isolation among People Living with HIV in Tennessee

Introduction HIV stigma is a contributing factor to poor patient outcomes. Although HIV stigma has been documented, its impact on patient well-being in the southern US is not well understood. Methods Thirty-two adults participated in cognitive interviews after completing the Berger HIV or the Van Rie stigma scale. Participant responses were probed to ensure the scales accurately measured stigma and to assess the impact stigma had on behavior. Results Three main themes emerged regarding HIV stigma: (1) negative attitudes, fear of contagion, and misperceptions about transmission; (2) acts of discrimination by families, friends, health care providers, and within the workplace; and (3) participants’ use of self-isolation as a coping mechanism. Overwhelming reluctance to disclose a person’s HIV status made identifying enacted stigma with a quantitative scale difficult. Discussion Fear of discrimination resulted in participants isolating themselves from friends or experiences to avoid disclosure. Participant unwillingness to disclose their HIV status to friends and family could lead to an underestimation of enacted HIV stigma in quantitative scales.
A Fault Detection Scheme Based on Self-Clustering Nodes Sets for Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we present a fault detection scheme based on self-clustering nodes sets for wireless sensor networks. In WSN, sensors' measurements are spatially related, and fault nodes can be detected by local comparisons. We firstly cluster nodes into several sets by the similarity of nodes' measurements using self-clustering algorithm. Nodes in the several top large-scale sets are mainly credible. Then we set credible nodes' status as healthy, and run the adjacent nodes comparing algorithm. Faulty sensor nodes can be identified by the comparisons between neighbor nodes and dissemination of the decision made at each node. Time redundancy is used to tolerate transient faults in sensing and communication. Simulation results show that the fault detection accuracy is kept high and the false alarm rate is kept low, even when 35% of the sensor nodes are faulty.
Synapsin IIa Controls the Reserve Pool of Glutamatergic Synaptic Vesicles

Synapsins regulate synaptic transmission by controlling the reserve pool of synaptic vesicles. Each of the three mammalian synapsin genes is subject to alternative splicing, yielding several isoforms whose roles are unknown. To investigate the function of these isoforms, we examined the synaptic effects of introducing each isoform into glutamatergic cultured hippocampal neurons from synapsin triple knock-out mice. Remarkably, we found that synapsin IIa was the only isoform that could rescue the synaptic depression phenotype of the triple knock-out mice; other isoforms examined, including the well-studied synapsin Ia isoform, had no significant effect on the kinetics of synaptic depression. The slowing of synaptic depression by synapsin IIa was quantitatively paralleled by an increase in the density of reserve pool synaptic vesicles, as measured either by fluorescent tagging of the vesicle protein synaptobrevin-2 or by staining with the styryl dye FM4–64 [N-(3-triethylammoniumpropyl)-4-(6-(4-diethylamino)phenyl)-hexatrienyl)pyridinium dibromide]. Our results provide further support for the hypothesis that synapsins define the kinetics of synaptic depression at glutamatergic synapses by controlling the size of the vesicular reserve pool and identify synapsin IIa as the isoform primarily responsible for this task.
Impact of choice of NRTI in first‐line antiretroviral therapy: a cohort analysis of stavudine vs. tenofovir

In April 2010, South Africa replaced stavudine with tenofovir in first‐line antiretroviral therapy (ART) despite tenofovir's higher cost. We examined treatment outcomes over 24 months amongst patients initiated on tenofovir‐based vs. stavudine‐based first‐line regimens.
Chromosomal Aberrations in Lymphocytes of Healthy Subjects and Risk of Cancer

There is evidence that increased frequency of chromosomal aberration (CA) in peripheral blood lymphocytes is a predictor of cancer, but further data are needed to better characterize CA as marker of cancer risk. From the archives of 15 laboratories we gathered cytogenetic records of 11,834 subjects who were free of cancer at the moment of blood drawing and who underwent cytogenetic examination for preventive purposes in the Czech Republic during 1975–2000. We linked these records to the national cancer registry, revealing a total of 485 cancer cases. Subjects were classified according to the percentiles of CA distribution within each laboratory as low (0–33rd percentile), medium (34–66th percentile), and high (66–100th percentile). Subjects were further classified by occupational exposure and by subclass of CA. We found a significant association between the overall cancer incidence and the presence of chromosome-type aberrations [relative risk (RR) for high vs. low CA level = 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.50] but not chromatid-type aberrations. Stomach cancer showed a strong association with frequency of total CA (RR = 7.79; 95% CI, 1.01–60.0). The predictivity of CA observed in subjects exposed to various classes of carcinogens did not significantly differ from the group of nonexposed subjects. This study contributes to validation of CA as a predictive marker of cancer risk, in particular, of stomach cancer; the association between CA frequency and cancer risk might be limited to chromosome-type aberrations.
Exploring the meaning of, the barriers to and potential strategies for promoting physical activity among urban Indigenous Australians.

ISSUE ADDRESSED There is evidence that many of the chronic lifestyle-related problems faced by Australia's Indigenous population are related to physical inactivity. However, little is known as to how to introduce physical activity programs that will be meaningful, relevant and acceptable to Australia's Indigenous people. METHODS Seventeen focus groups involving 96 Indigenous adult participants, explored the meaning of, the barriers to, and potential strategies for promoting physical activity among urban Indigenous Australians. Indigenous researchers moderated the groups and data were transcribed verbatim and analysed independently. RESULTS The relationship between physical activity and health was well understood by participants. Commonly reported activities undertaken by participants included walking, domestic chores and specific sports. Barriers to activity included being judged by others when in public spaces, cost and accessibility. Family engagement and group-based activities were strong motivators for participation. CONCLUSIONS Attempts to increase physical activity among urban Indigenous Australians must engage the community from the outset, and focus on increased opportunities for family-orientated activities, and/or group walking programs; cost and safety must also be addressed.
The Study of Intelligent Vehicle Navigation Path Based on Behavior Coordination of Particle Swarm

In the behavior dynamics model, behavior competition leads to the shock problem of the intelligent vehicle navigation path, because of the simultaneous occurrence of the time-variant target behavior and obstacle avoidance behavior. Considering the safety and real-time of intelligent vehicle, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed to solve these problems for the optimization of weight coefficients of the heading angle and the path velocity. Firstly, according to the behavior dynamics model, the fitness function is defined concerning the intelligent vehicle driving characteristics, the distance between intelligent vehicle and obstacle, and distance of intelligent vehicle and target. Secondly, behavior coordination parameters that minimize the fitness function are obtained by particle swarm optimization algorithms. Finally, the simulation results show that the optimization method and its fitness function can improve the perturbations of the vehicle planning path and real-time and reliability.
Thermocline Fluctuations in the Equatorial Pacific Related to the Two Types of El Nino Events

AbstractThe interannual fluctuations of the equatorial thermocline are usually associated with El Nino activity, but the linkage between the thermocline modes and El Nino is still under debate. In the present study, a mode function decomposition method is applied to the equatorial Pacific thermocline, and the results show that the first two dominant modes (M1 and M2) identify two distinct characteristics of the equatorial Pacific thermocline. The M1 reflects a basinwide zonally tilted thermocline related to the eastern Pacific (EP) El Nino, with shoaling (deepening) in the western (eastern) equatorial Pacific. The M2 represents the central Pacific (CP) El Nino, characterized by a V-shaped equatorial Pacific thermocline (i.e., deep in the central equatorial Pacific and shallow on both the western and eastern boundaries). Furthermore, both modes are stable and significant on the interannual time scale, and manifest as the major feature of the thermocline fluctuations associated with the two types of El Nino.
Implementing Bubblegrams: The Use of Haar-Like Features for Human-Robot Interaction

Bubblegrams - a human-robot interaction (HRI) technique - uses mixed reality (MR) to allow collocated humans and robots to interact directly by visually augmenting their shared physical environment. Bubblegrams uses interactive comic-like graphic balloons that appear above the robot to allow for interaction between humans and robots. A key technical challenge facing Bubblegrams is the detection of the location of the robot within the user's vision; the MR system needs this information to place the bubble. To solve this, we applied a vision algorithm based on Haar-like features to find and track the robot in real time. This paper introduces the Bubblegrams interface and details the vision algorithm used to detect and track the robot
Optical frequency- and vibrational time-resolved two-dimensional spectroscopy by real-time impulsive resonant coherent Raman scattering in polydiacetylene

Real-time impulsive resonant Raman scattering induced by a 4-fs ultrashort laser pulse was spectrally resolved with a multichannel lock-in amplifier. An optical and vibrational two-dimensional spectrum was introduced to separate the effects of electronic and vibrational broadening in the power spectrum of the vibrations. Spectrally resolved real-time oscillations can identify the wave packet motion associated with the stretching vibrational mode of the carbon-carbon double and triple bonds of the polymer polydiacetylene. Calculated nonlinear polarizations which take into account the ground-state wave packets reproduced the observed dynamics fairly well. It is confirmed that the ground-state vibrations play a significant role in the dynamics of the wave packet even far below the absorption edge, as well as the excited-state vibrations.
The significance of a single serum LH measurement in women with cycle disturbances: discrepancies between immunoreactive and bioactive hormone estimates.

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the significance of single serum LH estimates (as assessed by radiometric assay (IRMA) and Leydig cell in-vitro bioassay (BIO)) for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women with infertility and cycle abnormalities. DESIGN Hormonal and clinical comparisons between subgroups were made based on classification according to (a) rigid clinical and endocrine (excluding LH) characteristics of PCOS, (b) elevated IRMA-LH concentrations, (c) BIO-LH levels. In addition, androgen modulation of LH biopotency was studied in these patients. PATIENTS Ninety-nine women presenting at our infertility Unit with oligo/amenorrhoea. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Of the total study group, 35 women were diagnosed positive as PCOS and 42 showed elevated IRMA-LH levels. Only 51% (n = 18) of PCOS patients showed elevated IRMA-LH levels, and in PCOS significantly higher levels of BIO-LH, androstenedione, oestrone, and BIO/IRMA-LH ratios were found as compared to non-PCOS patients. In the group with elevated IRMA-LH only 43% (n = 18) of subjects were diagnosed as PCOS, and no difference in BIO/IRMA-LH ratios was found. With increasing BIO-LH levels the probability of PCOS rises sharply (P < 0.001), whereas this probability is of only marginal significance (P < 0.06) for IRMA-LH. In the total study group a correlation is observed between serum testosterone (T) levels and IRMA-LH (r = 0.47), and BIO-LH (r = 0.51) concentrations. This correlation is absent comparing serum T and BIO/IRMA-LH ratios (r = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Results presented in this study indicate that (1) women with infertility and oligo/amenorrhoea classified based on signs of PCOS or IRMA-LH levels, exhibit different clinical and endocrine characteristics, (2) only 51% of PCOS women exhibit elevated IRMA-LH concentrations, and only 43% of women with elevated IRMA-LH were diagnosed as PCOS, (3) IRMA-LH levels are a poor predictor of PCOS, whereas the predictive value of BIO-LH is better, (4) elevated BIO/IRMA-LH ratios in PCOS are dependent on alterations in BIO-LH, rather than IRMA-LH concentrations, and (5) no correlation was observed between serum T levels and BIO/IRMA-LH ratios.