Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wave-Turbulence Decomposition Methods Applied to Tidal Energy Site Assessment

High levels of turbulence have been proven to substantially increase the blade loadings on tidal turbines, outlining the need of properly characterizing turbulence parameters in tidal energy sites. The presence of long surface gravity waves may cause a significant bias on the estimation of these parameters, which requires wave-turbulence decomposition methods that are currently missing from guidelines. Here, three techniques of decomposing wave and turbulence are tested: the stopband filter (SB), moving average filter (MA), and synchrosqueezing wavelet transform (SWT). The study site, Banks Strait, Tasmania, is a 16 km wide channel that presents high potential for tidal energy generation. Wave peak periods at the study site were found to vary mostly between 7 and 12 s, with maximum exceeding 15 s. Turbulence intensities (TI), turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and integral scales are quantified. Our results indicate differences between the estimates obtained from each method. The MA highly underestimates turbulence, resulting in TI values which were nearly 50% lower than those obtained from other decomposition methods. While TI and TKE estimated from the SB and the SWT techniques are quite similar, integral length scales are considerably underestimated by the SB. These findings reveal that the SWT is a more reliable method because of the more accurate estimates of turbulence parameters and indicate the need of establishing guidelines which address wave-turbulence decomposition in tidal stream energy site assessments. Despite having shown to be quite a versatile technique, further investigation of its applicability in data from other prospective tidal energy sites is necessary to fully assess the generality of the SWT technique.
Analysis of the role of p7 protein function in hepatitis C virus life cycle

The hepatitis C virus genome encodes a 63 amino acid protein, p7. The exact role of p7 is unknown; in this study we observed that mutations in transmembrane domain-1 and -2 (TM1 and TM2), and the cytoplasmic loop of p7 decreased infectious virus production. Analysis of p7 at different stages of virus assembly revealed that p7 functions at a stage prior to generation of infectious particles. Confocal microscopy analyses indicated that p7 did not affect recruitment of core protein to lipid droplets. Additionally, mutation of p7 did not affect formation of core multi-order structures. Finally, mutations at the cytoplasmic loop significantly reduced intracellular E2 glycoprotein levels. Forced evolution analysis of p7 mutations resulted in the occurrence of a N765D mutation that was important for secretion of virus particles into the culture supernatants. The results of this study provide strong evidence that p7 functions to protect HCV glycoproteins from premature degradation and we suggest that p7 supports the virus assembly process.
Mental health research capacity building in sub-Saharan Africa: the African Mental Health Research Initiative

Abstract Mental, neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders are a leading, but neglected, cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The treatment gap for MNS is vast with only 10% of people with MNS disorders in low-income countries accessing evidence-based treatments. Reasons for this include low awareness of the burden of MNS disorders and limited evidence to support development, adaptation and implementation of effective and feasible treatments. The overall goal of the African Mental Health Research Initiative (AMARI) is to build an African-led network of MNS researchers in Ethiopia, Malawi, South Africa and Zimbabwe, who are equipped to lead high quality mental health research programs that meet the needs of their countries, and to establish a sustainable career pipeline for these researchers with an emphasis on integrating MNS research into existing programs such as HIV/AIDS. This paper describes the process leading to the development of AMARI's objectives through a theory of change workshop, successes and challenges that have been faced by the consortium in the last 4 years, and the future role that AMARI could play in further building MNS research capacity by brining on board more institutions from low- and middle-income countries with an emphasis on developing an evidence-based training curriculum and a research-driven care service.
Does sharia governance influence corporate social responsibility disclosure in Indonesia Islamic banks?

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of sharia governance to corporate social responsibility disclosure in Indonesia Islamic banks. Design/methodology/approach: The data in this study are taken from the annual reports of ten Islamic banks in Indonesia in the period 2011–2018. The data analysis method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. Findings: This study finds that the effectiveness of the board of directors plays a vital role in enforcing corporate social responsibility disclosure. Whereas, the audit committee and sharia supervisory board are found to have no significant effect on corporate social responsibility disclosure in Islamic banks. Research implications: Results of this study reveal that sharia supervisory board in Indonesia Islamic banks only still focuses on the compliance of Islamic banks with the sharia principles regarding the products and operations. Originality/value: The novelty of this study lies in highlighting the effect of sharia supervisory board as a unique characteristic of sharia governance.
Study of Village Funding Control at East Java Province Inspectorate Through Village Management Consulting

Village funds allocation will be expected to be the insurer of the implementation of good development villages. But the management of the fund's village less concerning the aspect of supervision. Look on this weakness, formulation assessment research this focus on the guidance supervision for the management village funds through the clinic consultation management financial assistance village or (Kades Lawas). The results explanation of the study qualitatively chosen to describe the supervision village funds allocation through Kades Lawas by provincial inspectorate east java especially in the region of Madiun as the locus study. The primary data obtained researchers to dig out from the informant through interviews with the who understands the implementation of the supervision of east java inspectorate. The analysis is carried out by systematically compiling data obtained from interviews, field notes, and other materials than described in study units that produce important patterns and findings that are bound in the focus of the study. The results of the study showed that the administration of supervision and coaching through the Kades Lawas program by the provincial inspectorate in the Madiun regency had been carried out administratively. But substantively, based on the findings there are some weaknesses. Coordination does not have the maximum impact on the lack of preparedness of the regional apparatus in forwarding information at the bureaucratic level at the village level. There was no synchronization of the work plans of the East Java Province inspectorate activities with the Madiun district government. The evaluation and monitoring activities of the program organizer and the follow-up of the program organizer run partially. The conclusion of the study of the Kades Lawas program is that this activity can be administered administratively but it has not been substantially able to provide important benefits to compliance in village financial administration. So the main recommendation from the results of this study is the importance of synchronizing program planning between the provincial government level with the district/city government to support the coaching and supervision of the program.
Credit Where Credit Is Due

A belief-as-benefit effect (BABE)—the positive association between well-being and religiosity/spirituality—is recurrently reported. Past BABE research has however been critiqued for predominantly utilizing unrepresentative samples, questionable psychometric measures and bivariate designs. Employing a multivariate design, I explore the incremental validity of the BABE in two community samples. Hierarchical models—initially including socio-demographic factors and religiosity/spirituality and subsequently adding trait agreeableness and conscientiousness—are used. Simple correlations confirm the BABE (with an unexceptional effect size). However the unique association observed using multivariate estimation is substantially weaker and occasionally indicates an adverse association. That cross-sectional analyses cannot establish cause is fully acknowledged. Yet, establishing cause is not the current aim; multivariate models are simply used to substantiate the cross-sectional BABE.
Impact of insecticides and botanicals on population build-up of predatory coccinellids in mulberry.

A field experiment was conducted to study the impact of application of certain commonly used insecticides and botanicals in mulberry fields on the population built-up of predatory coccinellid beetles. The results revealed that the population of coccinellid beetles was drastically reduced 1 day after spray (DAS) in the plots treated with dichlorovos (88.63%), followed by phosalone (78.56%), dimethoate (72.19%) and metasystox (68.97%) whereas in the plots treated with pungam oil there was least reduction (29.72%) followed by neem oil (35.20%). The predators regained significant built up of their population at 5 DAS in plots treated with pungam oil and 10 DAS in the plots treated with neem oil, dichlorovos and phosalone whereas it continued to be at reduced levels (44.35%) in dimethoate followed by metasystox (32.61%) treated plots even at 10 DAS.
A comparative review on deep learning models for text classification

Text classification is a fundamental task in several areas of natural language processing (NLP), including words semantic classification, sentiment analysis, question answering, or dialog management. This paper investigates three basic architectures of deep learning models for the tasks of text classification: Deep Belief Neural (DBN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), these three main types of deep learning architectures, are largely explored to handled various classification tasks. DBN have excellent learning capabilities to extracts highly distinguishable features and good for general purpose. CNN have supposed to be better at extracting the position of various related features while RNN is modeling in sequential of long-term dependencies. This paper work shows the systematic comparison of DBN, CNN, and RNN on text classification tasks. Finally, we show the results of deep models by research experiment. The aim of this paper to provides basic guidance about the deep learning models that which models are best for the task of text classification.
Increased Drought Sensitivity Results in a Declining Tree Growth of Pinus latteri in Northeastern Thailand

Climate change may lead to alterations in tree growth and carbon cycling. Interpreting the response of forest growth to climate change requires an understanding of the temporal and spatial patterns of seasonal climatic influences on the growth of tree species. However, the effects of climate change on pine forest dynamics in tropical region of Thailand remain poorly understood. This study develops three new tree ring-width chronologies of Pinus latteri (Tenasserim pine) in northern and northeastern Thailand and analyzes their climate-growth relationships and temporal stability. Ring-width chronologies of P. latteri at three sites showed significantly positive correlations with precipitation, relative humidity and self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI) during the dry season (previous November to current April) and early rainy season (May–June). Conversely, significantly negative correlations were found between ring-width site chronologies and air temperatures (mean, maximum and minimum) from April to August. Therefore, our results revealed that radial growth of Tenasserim pines from northern and northeastern Thailand was mainly limited by moisture availability during the dry-to-wet transition season from April to June. Moving correlations revealed that Tenasserim pines in the lowland area of northeastern Thailand became more sensitive to moisture availability in recent 30 years (1985–2017) as compared with early period (1951–1984). Accompanying the shifted growth sensitivity to climate change, growth synchrony among trees was increasing and tree growth rates of Tenasserim pines have been declining during recent decades at two more moisture-limited sites in northeastern Thailand. Recent rapid warming and increasing drought during the transition season (April–June) together intensify climatic constrains on tree growth of Tenasserim pines in the lowland area of northeastern Thailand. Considering continued regional climate change, pine forests in tropical lowland areas may encounter intensified drought stresses, and thus, become more vulnerable to future climate change. Our results serve as an early indicator of potential effects of climate change on tropical pine species and raise concerns about sustainable managements of pine forests under a changing climate.
Searching for Knowledge in Response to Proximate and Remote Problem Sources: Evidence from the U.S. Renewable Electricity Industry

Research Summary: We consider how different problem sources — proximate versus remote — relate to heterogeneity in search breadth. While studies of search have established the importance of search breadth and argued that problems trigger search, this research has focused on a single problem source driving search. We consider, instead, how search breadth differs in the presence of proximate and remote problem sources. Because of differences in how familiar firms are with each type of problem, and in expectations of their ability to influence the problem source, problems triggered by remote sources associate with greater breadth. Firms’ technological capabilities, meanwhile, temper these findings; capable firms exhibit broader search when facing problems raised by proximate sources. Using data describing the U.S. renewable electricity sector, we generate theoretical, empirical, and public policy implications. <br><br>Managerial Summary: When facing new problems, firms tend to seek knowledge from various sources to better understand the problem and identify solutions. We consider whether and how the breadth of their search differs in conjunction with the problem source by comparing proximate and remote problem sources. Specifically, we compare how U.S. utilities firms facing regulations emphasizing increased renewable generation, from the federal government as compared to the state government, seek knowledge about renewable technologies. We find that firms tend to search more broadly following federal regulatory changes. However, firms that have previously generated renewable electricity, search more broadly following state regulatory changes. By exploring firms’ actions in the U.S. renewable electricity sector from 2000 to 2010, our research generates important managerial and public policy implications.
Mapping of seagrass and seaweed beds using hydro-acoustic methods

Mapping of seagrass and seaweed beds is very important for management and conservation of sound littoral ecosystems and sustainable fisheries in the coastal waters. The methods to map spatial distribution of seagrass and seaweed beds are reviewed. They are classified into two categories. One is a direct method by visual observation and the other is an indirect method using a remote sensing apparatus. Indirect methods are divided into optical or hydro-acoustic methods. Indirect methods require sea truth by direct methods. Optical methods are image analysis of aerial photography or satellite imagery. They are effective for mapping broad areas but limited to shallow waters due to light attenuation in waters. Hydro-acoustic methods such as an echosounder and a side scan sonar have no limitation of turbidity. The echosounder is practical to map vertically density and height distributions of seagrass and seaweed beds. The side scan sonar is appropriate for mapping broad horizontal distributions. Coupling of several indirect mapping methods is more useful than using only one method.
Preliminary report of ecological factors influencing incidence and severity of beech bark disease in the Appalachian region

Resistance to Cryptococcus fagisuga, a primary component of the beech bark disease (BBD) complex, is heritable. Reportedly about 1-2 percent of American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) are genetically resistant to C. fagisuga. This project is designed to identify environmental factors contributing to BBD incidence and severity. Plots were established in stands with endemic BBD and a disease-free beech component. To date 1,479 beech trees have been sampled; 55 percent were scale-free or have trace infestation, and 79 percent were free of Neonectria infection. Twenty parameters were evaluated for correlations with infestation/infection. Correlation matrices identified factors possibly contributing to infestation and infection. The strongest correlations with infestation were slope (r= -0.235) and species composition of the canopy (r = -0.187). Beech height and Neonectria infection had the strongest correlation (r = 0.420); slope had the strongest negative correlation with infection (r = -0.344). Regression analyses estimated scale infestation was affected only by canopy composition (p = 0.034). Infection was impacted by beech height (p = 0.031), slope (p = 0.033), and ground coarse woody debris (CWD) species (p = 0.0001). Results indicate BBD-free beech appear on the landscape at rates much greater than expected, suggesting that environmental factors may influence disease incidence and severity.
Morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies of a red alga, Halymenia durvillei, (Halymeniaceae, Halymeniales) from Indo-Pacific

Morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies were made on recently collected Halymenia plants widely from Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Although the external morphology (branching pattern, blade width, or degree of dentation) was very variable, no special differences were found in their vegetative and reproductive structures. The features are close to Halymenia durvillei. Our rbcL gene sequence analysis has shown that the branched Halymenia plants are all included in a distinct, monophyletic clade, separate from those including the foliose plants. The branched plants studied here are, therefore, concluded to belong in a single species, Halymenia durvillei, irrespective of their great external variations. As Halymenia microcarpa clearly fall within the range of external variations of H. durvillei, it was concluded to be synonymous with H. durvillei. The taxonomic interrelationship among the four varieties (var. formosa, var. ceylanica, var. denudata and var. edentata) remained unresolved, although apprently encompassed within the morphological range of H. durvillei.
Vegetation Fraction Images Derived from PROBA-V Data for Rapid Assessment of Annual Croplands in Brazil

This paper presents a new method for rapid assessment of the extent of annual croplands in Brazil. The proposed method applies a linear spectral mixing model (LSMM) to PROBA-V time series images to derive vegetation, soil, and shade fraction images for regional analysis. We used S10-TOC (10 days synthesis, 1 km spatial resolution, and top-of-canopy) products for Brazil and S5-TOC (five days synthesis, 100 m spatial resolution, and top-of-canopy) products for Mato Grosso State (Brazilian Legal Amazon). Using the time series of the vegetation fraction images of the whole year (2015 in this case), only one mosaic composed with maximum values of vegetation fraction was generated, allowing detecting and mapping semi-automatically the areas occupied by annual crops during the year. The results (100 m spatial resolution map) for the Mato Grosso State were compared with existing global datasets (Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring—Global Land Cover (FROM-GLC) and Global Food Security—Support Analyses Data (GFSAD30)). Visually those maps present a good agreement, but the area estimated are not comparable since the agricultural class definition are different for those maps. In addition, we found 11.8 million ha of agricultural areas in the entire Brazilian territory. The area estimation for the Mato Grosso State was 3.4 million ha for 1 km dataset and 5.3 million ha for 100 m dataset. This difference is due to the spatial resolution of the PROBA-V datasets used. A coefficient of determination of 0.82 was found between PROBA-V 100 m and Landsat-8 OLI area estimations for the Mato Grosso State. Therefore, the proposed method is suitable for detecting and mapping annual croplands distribution operationally using PROBA-V datasets for regional analysis.
Interior Design Dilemmas in a Shared Room of Silence

Abstract This text sheds light on the delicate practice of including different religious as well as nonreligious expressions in a shared room. The effects of design decisions in a “room of silence” at a Swedish hospital are studied over a transitional period of renovation of the space. We observe the impact of materiality in the room’s establishment, renovation, and usage, and show how the room’s interior design, its decor and objects, are conditioned by ritual acts as well by practical and spontaneous place-making processes. By following how the negotiations of the interior space relate to presupposed separations of aesthetic and religious ideals, we see how the design of a room of silence can allow several religious groups to comfortably use one common room; but also how design can cause clashes between different interests and how materiality is forced in the end to advice a clear spatial distinction between different types of usage in the room.
Evaluation of fuelling requirements for core density and divertor heat load control in non-stationary phases of the ITER DT 15 MA baseline scenario

To ensure optimal plasma performance at high Qfus for the baseline scenario foreseen for ITER, the fuelling requirements, in particular for non-stationary phases, need to be assessed by means of integrated modelling to address the special additional challenges facing plasma fuelling on ITER. The fuelling scheme needs to be adjusted to ensure robust divertor heat load control, avoiding complete detachment while still maintaining low divertor temperatures and heat fluxes to minimise W sputtering and contamination of the plasma by impurities. At the same time, the core density needs to be controlled to fulfil requirements for: the application of neutral beam heating with acceptable shine-through losses; a robust transition from L-mode to stationary fusion burn; the maximisation of the fusion yield; and a fast reduction in core particle content in the termination phase. Coupled core-edge-SOL transport calculations have been performed, simulating for the first time the entire ITER plasma evolution from just after the X-point formation until the late termination phase. These calculations are being exploited to find the most effective ways of fuelling and heating DT plasmas without exceeding ITER operational limits (e.g. divertor power density). The most efficient ways to fuel ITER with gas and/or pellet injection have been investigated self-consistently with the integrated core + edge + SOL transport suite of codes, JINTRAC, developed at JET (Romanelli et al 2014 Plasma Fusion Res. 9 3403023). Our modelling is exploited to study schemes for gas and pellet fuelling for main ion SOL and core density control, respectively, and for impurity seeding by Ne for the control of SOL radiation, that allow ITER to approach Qfus ∼10, with plasma evolution successfully controlled to respect major operational limits through all transients from the early ramp-up until the late ramp down phase.