Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical modelling of tide-surge interaction in the Bay of Bengal

Numerical models are described for the evaluation of the interaction between tide and surge in the Bay of Bengal. The models are used to simulate the combined tidal and surge response on 3 June 1982 along the Orissa coast of India when the landfall of a tropical cyclone led to severe inland flooding. This is one of the few events for which a reliable tide-gauge reading is available and this enables a direct comparison to be made between the model predictions and the observationally determined sea-surface elevation anomaly. The comparison, although only utilizing limited observational data, appears sufficiently good for us to assert that the principal features of the surge response are correctly reproduced. A model simulation is also made of the surge that occurred along the Andhra coast of India during the period 18—20 November 1977 when there was heavy coastal inundation. Although tide-gauge readings are not available for this event, the predicted surge response agrees well with indirect estimates of the maximum sea-surface level and eyewitness accounts of inland flooding. The principal requirement for the operational use of these models is the availability of accurate data on the surface wind field together with a reliable forecast of the track to be followed by the tropical cyclone.
Total cross sections for electron scattering from Ne, Ar and Kr in the energy range 70-6000 eV

Total cross section for electron scattering from Ne, Ar and Kr in the impact energy range 700-6000 eV have been measured. The experimental method has been based on the measurement of the attenuation of a linear electron beam. The results have been compared with available theoretical, semi-empirical and experimental total cross sections. No previous data have been found in the literature for impact energies above 3000 eV.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Chinese Yam Polysaccharide on Carcass Composition, Meat Quality, and Antioxidant Capacity in Broilers

Simple Summary The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of yam polysaccharide as a feed additive on the meat quality and antioxidant capacity of broilers. Our results showed that dietary yam polysaccharide could improve carcass performance, color difference, and shear force and enhance the antioxidant capacity of broilers. Abstract The study aimed to evaluate the influences of the dietary supplementation of Chinese yam polysaccharide (CYP) on the carcass performance, antioxidant capacity, and meat quality of broilers. Three hundred and sixty healthy 1-day-old broilers with similar body weight (39 ± 1 g, gender balanced) were randomly divided into four groups (control, CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 groups). In the control group, broilers were fed a basal diet with CYP, and the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 groups were fed diets supplemented with 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg CYP, respectively. There were three replicates in each group, 30 birds in each replicate, and the feeding trial lasted for 48 days. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) by one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with 500 mg/kg CYP can improve live weight, half-eviscerated carcass percentage, eviscerated carcass percentage, and thigh muscle percentage. Moreover, dietary supplementation with 500 mg/kg CYP can improve the contents of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione s-transferase (GST) in serum (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and catalase (CAT) in the liver; the mRNA expression levels of HO-1, NQO1, GPX1, and CAT in the breast muscle; and the mRNA expression levels of NQO1, SOD1, and CAT in the thigh muscle of broilers in the CYP2 group were significantly increased (p < 0.05). In addition, the yellowness and shear force of the thigh and breast muscles and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of broilers in the control group were higher than that in the CYP2 groups (p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that the CYP2 group had the best effect on improving meat quality. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 500 mg/kg CYP can improve the meat quality of broilers by improving carcass quality, meat color, shear force, and antioxidant capacity.
Investigation using statistical closure theory of the influence of the filter shape on scale separation in large-eddy simulation

The influence of the filter shape on scale separation in large-eddy simulation (LES) is investigated using the eddy-damped quasi-normal Markovian (EDQNM) modelling approach, for discrete filters of order 2–12. The LES subgrid-scale (SGS) stress tensor is split into a represented SGS tensor based on the scales resolved by the mesh, and a non-represented SGS tensor involving the unresolved scales. The investigation of the kinetic energy spectra associated with these quantities shows that the features of the SGS tensor strongly depend on the filter shape. In particular, for the second-order filter, the SGS stress tensor dynamics is dominated by the interactions between the resolved scales. The effective LES cut-off wavenumber is finally evaluated and recast in term of efficiency rates in order to estimate the computational cost required to achieve a given spectral resolution. Sharp cut-off filters appear to be well appropriate to perform an efficient scale separation in LES.
Tinnitus and distress: an electroencephalography classification study

Abstract There exist no objective markers for tinnitus or tinnitus disorders, which complicates diagnosis and treatments. The combination of EEG with sophisticated classification procedures may reveal biomarkers that can identify tinnitus and accurately differentiate different levels of distress experienced by patients. EEG recordings were obtained from 129 tinnitus patients and 142 healthy controls. Linear support vector machines were used to develop two classifiers: the first differentiated tinnitus patients from controls, while the second differentiated tinnitus patients with low and high distress levels. The classifier for healthy controls and tinnitus patients performed with an average accuracy of 96 and 94% for the training and test sets, respectively. For the distress classifier, these average accuracies were 89 and 84%. Minimal overlap was observed between the features of the two classifiers. EEG-derived features made it possible to accurately differentiate healthy controls and tinnitus patients as well as low and high distress tinnitus patients. The minimal overlap between the features of the two classifiers indicates that the source of distress in tinnitus, which could also be involved in distress related to other conditions, stems from different neuronal mechanisms compared to those causing the tinnitus pathology itself.
Translation and Validation of the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviours for Dementia Risk Reduction (MCLHB-DRR) Questionnaire among the General Israeli Population

Objective: The need to promote awareness of dementia prevention is broadly emphasized in Israel. Currently, there is no valid version of a Hebrew questionnaire to assess attitudes and beliefs related to dementia prevention. This study aimed to translate and validate the MCLHB-DRR questionnaire among the general Israeli population. Methods: A total sample of 328 participants between the ages of 50–83 years (mean = 58.7, SD = 6.9) were included in this study. Participants completed the online translated MCLHB-DRR questionnaire. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted to assess the questionnaire’s validity. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: The EFA analysis revealed a seven-factor model with 27 items. One item related to perceived barriers and two items related to perceived severity were deleted. The CFA analysis confirmed a good model fit with the deleted items (χ2/df = 2.146, CFI = 0.930, TLI = 0.916, RMSEA = 0.049). Cronbach’s alpha values ranged from 0.61 to 0.92. Conclusions: The Hebrew MCLHB-DRR questionnaire is a valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing attitudes and beliefs related to health behaviours and lifestyle changes for dementia risk reduction in Israeli adults over the age of 50.
Qualitative and Quantitative Stress Perfusion Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Clinical Practice: A Comprehensive Review

Stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is a well-validated non-invasive stress test to diagnose significant coronary artery disease (CAD), with higher diagnostic accuracy than other common functional imaging modalities. One-stop assessment of myocardial ischemia, cardiac function, and myocardial viability qualitatively and quantitatively has been proven to be a cost-effective method in clinical practice for CAD evaluation. Beyond diagnosis, stress CMR also provides prognostic information and guides coronary revascularisation. In addition to CAD, there is a large body of literature demonstrating CMR’s diagnostic performance and prognostic value in other common cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). This review focuses on the clinical applications of stress CMR, including stress CMR scanning methods, practical interpretation of stress CMR images, and clinical utility of stress CMR in a setting of CVDs with possible myocardial ischemia.
Multi-wavelength observations of flares and eruptive filaments

In this paper we report some results obtained from multi-wavelength observations carried out to study the mechanisms operating in flares and filament eruptions. Most of these studies have given indication of the presence of phenomena that might be considered signatures of magnetic reconnection, while others have pointed out the important role played by magnetic helicity transport in corona before the eruptive phase.
Convergence of spatial birth-and-death processes

Abstract Some models for spatial point processes are difficult to simulate directly and are most easily realized as the equilibrium distribution of certain spatial-temporal Markov processes. This paper examines the convergence of such processes, concentrating mainly on the ‘hard core’ case when the points represent the centres of non-overlapping discs. Coupling methods from the theory of Markov chains are used to establish sufficient conditions for the processes to converge to the required equilibrium, and to give a lower bound on the rate of convergence. One technique used is to couple processes when they become close in a suitable metric.
Probiotic Whey-Based Beverages from Cow, Sheep and Goat Milk: Antioxidant Activity, Culture Viability, Amino Acid Contents

Recently, the demand for goat and sheep cheese has increased mainly because of its nutritional and health benefits. As a result, an enormous amount of whey from various animal species is produced as a waste/by-product. The production of functional probiotic fermented beverages from different types of whey protein concentrates (WPC) could be a good way to valorize whey. Meanwhile, reduced environmental pollution and economic sustainability will be provided. In this study, probiotic beverages enriched with 1% kiwi powder were produced from goat, sheep, and cow WPC (15%). Moreover, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus and the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis were used for fermentation. The results showed that WPC significantly increased the protein content and acidity of beverages (p < 0.05). Production with WPC also improved the viability of probiotic bacteria and S. thermophilus, total phenolic compound (TPC), and antioxidant activity of beverages. The highest viability of probiotic bacteria (9.67 log CFU/mL for Bb-12 and, 9.35 log CFU/mL for L. acidophilus) was found in beverages produced from goat WPC. In addition, WPC increased the free amino acid content of beverages, and the highest essential amino acids and branched-chain amino acids were found in beverages produced from goat WPC as 146.19 mg/100 g and 70.31 mg/100 g, respectively (p < 0.05). Consequently, while production with goat, cow, and sheep WPC improved quality compared to the control, beverages produced from goat WPC excelled. The production of a functional probiotic beverage with goat WPC is promising for dairy technology.
Association of Lung Fibrotic Changes and Cardiological Dysfunction with Comorbidities in Long COVID-19 Cohort

Background. Long COVID-19 symptoms appeared in many COVID-19 survivors. However, the prevalence and symptoms associated with long COVID-19 and its comorbidities have not been established. Methods. In total, 312 patients with long COVID-19 from 21 primary care centers were included in the study. At the six-month follow-up, their lung function was assessed by computerized tomography (CT) and spirometry, whereas cardiac function was assessed by elec-trocardiogram (ECG), Holter ECG, echocardiography, 24 h blood pressure monitoring, and a six-minute walk test (6MWT). Results. Of the 312 persons investigated, significantly higher sys-tolic and diastolic blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy, and elevated NT-proBNP were revealed in participants with hypertension or type 2 diabetes. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunc-tion was more frequently present in patients with hypertension. The most common registered CT abnormalities were fibrotic changes (83, 36.6%) and mediastinal lymphadenopathy (23, 10.1%). Among the tested biochemical parameters, three associations were found in long COVID-19 patients with hypertension but not diabetes: increased hemoglobin, fibrinogen, and ferritin. Nine patients had persisting IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions. We demon-strated a strong association between signs of cardiac dysfunction and lung fibrotic changes with comorbidities in a cohort of long COVID-19 subjects.
The Acheulean is a temporally cohesive tradition

ABSTRACT The Acheulean has long been considered a single, unified tradition. Decades of morphometric and technological evidence supports such an understanding by demonstrating that a single fundamental Bauplan was followed for more than 1.6 million years. What remains unknown is whether sites assigned to the Acheulean represent multiple socially-independent iterations of the same technological solution to shared ecological (functional) and ergonomic demands. Here, using the ‘surprise test’, the temporal cohesion of the Acheulean record is statistically assessed for the first time. Chronological data from 81 early and late Acheulean sites are investigated to see if breaks in this record warrant the designation of separate, culturally distinct groupings of sites. No significant results were returned, suggesting the Acheulean to be temporally cohesive and there to be no evidence of cultural convergence from a temporal perspective. When combined with previous morphometric, technological and spatial evidence, the best-fit scenario for the Acheulean continues to be that it represents a single, but variable, tradition.
Classifying Weather Images using Deep Neural Networks for Large Scale Datasets

—Classifying weather from outdoor images helps prevent road accidents, schedule outdoor activities, and improve the reliability of vehicle assistant driving and outdoor video surveillance systems. Weather classification has applications in various fields such as agriculture, aquaculture, transportation, tourism, etc. Earlier, expensive sensors and huge manpower were used for weather classification making it very tedious and time-consuming. Automating the task of classifying weather conditions from images will save a huge time and resources. In this paper, a framework based on the transfer learning technique has been proposed for classifying the weather images with the features learned from pre-trained deep CNN models in much lesser time. Further, the size of the training data affects the efficiency of the model. The larger amount of high-quality data often leads to more accurate results. Hence, we have implemented the proposed framework using the spark platform making it scalable for big datasets. Extensive experiments have been performed on weather image dataset and the results proved that the proposed framework is reliable. From the results, it can be concluded that weather classification with the InceptionV3 model and Logistic Regression classifier yields the best results with a maximum accuracy of 97.77%.
Debt Targets and Fiscal Consolidation in a Two-Country HANK Model: The Case of Euro Area

This paper builds a two-country Heterogenous Agents New Keynesian (HANK) model for the Euro Area (EA). The two countries differ in the degree of public indebtedness, i.e., the Periphery has a relatively higher public debt-output ratio vis-à-vis the Core. The model captures some key features of the EA’s crossand within-country heterogeneity over the 2010-2020 period. We use this model as a vehicle to study fiscal consolidation policy and reforms of EA fiscal targets. We find that public debt asymmetry can explain qualitatively, and to some extent quantitatively, EA macroeconomic imbalances and within-country disparities. We find that a fiscal consolidation scenario that mimics the current EA institutional arrangements, i.e., the Maastricht Treaty and the Stability Growth Pact Agreement, would result in significant welfare losses, especially for the wealth-poor and wealth-median in the Periphery; the welfare losses amount to 2.42% and 2.21% of their lifetime consumption in the status quo stationary equilibrium, respectively. A revision of EA fiscal targets closer to their current values, e.g., 100% for the Periphery and 70% for the Core, does not generate a conflict of interest between wealth-rich and -poor households across and within countries. Thus, our analysis provides a strong rationale for reforming EA debt targets. Such reform could make more affordable fiscal consolidation for the large proportion of households in the Periphery, e.g., it reduces the welfare losses from 2.42% to 1.24% for the wealth-poor households in the Periphery. Surprisingly, a Core expansion (i.e., a higher public debt-output ratio) while the Periphery consolidates would not benefit a large proportion of households in the Periphery, especially those with relatively fewer asset holdings in the status quo stationary equilibrium. Such a reform generates a conflict of interest between the Core’s households and the wealth-poor/median households in the Periphery. Furthermore, a hawkish monetary policy reaction against inflation during fiscal consolidation generates a conflict of interest between the wealth-rich in the union and the wealth-poor households in the Periphery. Such policy disproportionately benefits households who hold more assets in the status quo equilibrium. Regarding fiscal policy mix, fiscal consolidation via spending cuts instead of tax hikes disproportionally harms the households with relatively higher asset holdings in the status quo stationary equilibrium, but it is less harmful for the wealth-poor households in the Periphery.
Hypergastrinemia in Children : A Case Report

Gastrin is an important hormone in the gastrointestinal system that promotes gastric acid secretion. Gastrin hormone is produced by the G-cells in the antrum of the stomach. Besides stimulating gastric acid secretion, gastrin also induces the proliferation of the gut epithelial cells, tissue remodelling, and angiogenesis. Gastrin levels higher than 100-150 pg/ml are known as hypergastrinemia. Hypergastrinemia may cause the hypersecretion of stomach acid, which, if not treated properly, may leads to refractory peptic ulcer, severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), diarrhea, or death due to complications of refractory peptic ulcer. This case presented a 12 years old boy with a chief complaint of severe epigastric pain in the past month, accompanied by nausea, especially during supine position. The patient had a previous history of esophagitis. He showed no significant changes upon empirical PPI treatment. However, slight improvements were observed after the administration of Helicobacter pylori treatment. The gastrin level in this patient was 198 pg/mL. Upon discharge, the patient was still given PPI treatment. During the follow-up visitation, patient complaints had improved significantly, and the patient was planned to undergo routine evaluations of gastrin.
Model‐Based Learning Controls And Their Comparisons Using Lyapunov Direct Method

Model‐based learning control of nonlinear systems is studied. Two types of learning algorithms, described by differential equations and/or difference equations to learn unknown time functions, are designed and compared using the Lyapunov's direct method. The time functions to be learned are classified into several classes according to their properties such as continuity, periodicity, and value at the origin of the state space. Conditions are found for iterative learning controls to achieve asymptotic stability and asymptotic learning convergence. For a comparative study, learning capability of a control is defined and, using the criterion, other model‐based controls with learning capability such as adaptive controls and robust controls are investigated. Through the study, iterative learning control is shown to be the one best suited for learning unknown time functions of known period. Finally, it is shown for the first time that an iterative learning control is directly applicable to systems described by nonlinear partial differential equation.
Periodontal Management in Periodontally Healthy Orthodontic Patients with Fixed Appliances: An Umbrella Review of Self-Care Instructions and Evidence-Based Recommendations

The present umbrella review aimed to characterize periodontal self-care instructions, prescriptions, and motivational methods; evaluate the associated periodontal outcomes; and provide integrated, evidence-based recommendations for periodontal self-care in periodontally healthy orthodontic patients with fixed appliances. The presently applied study protocol was developed in advance, compliant with the PRISMA statement, and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022367204). Systematic reviews published in English without date restrictions were electronically searched until 21 November 2022 across the PROSPERO Register and Cochrane Library, Web of Science (Core Collection), Scopus, and MED-LINE/PubMed databases. The study quality assessment was conducted through the AMSTAR 2 tool. Seventeen systematic reviews were included. Powered and manual toothbrushes showed no significant differences in biofilm accumulation, although some evidence revealed significant improvements in inflammatory, bleeding, and periodontal pocket depth values in the short term with powered toothbrushes. Chlorhexidine mouthwashes, but no gels, varnishes, or pastes, controlled better biofilm accumulation and gingival inflammation as adjuncts to toothbrushing, although only for a limited period. Organic products, such as aloe vera and chamomile, proved their antimicrobial properties, and herbal-based mouthwashes seemed comparable to CHX without its side effects. Motivational methods also showed beneficial effects on periodontal biofilm control and inflammation, while no evidence supported probiotics administration.