Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linear statistics of matrix ensembles in classical background

Given a joint probability density function of N real random variables, {xj}j=1N , obtained from the eigenvector–eigenvalue decomposition of N × N random matrices, one constructs a random variable, the linear statistics, defined by the sum of smooth functions evaluated at the eigenvalues or singular values of the random matrix, namely, ∑j=1NF(xj) . For the joint PDFs obtained from the Gaussian and Laguerre ensembles, we compute, in this paper, the moment‐generating function Eβ(exp(−λ∑jF(xj))) , where Eβ denotes expectation value over the orthogonal (β = 1) and symplectic (β = 4) ensembles, in the form one plus a Schwartz function, none vanishing over R for the Gaussian ensembles and R+ for the Laguerre ensembles. These are ultimately expressed in the form of the determinants of identity plus a scalar operator, from which we obtained the large N asymptotic of the linear statistics from suitably scaled F(·). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Late Points and Cover Times of Projections of Planar Symmetric Random Walks on the Lattice Torus

We examine the sets of late points of a symmetric random walk on $Z^2$ projected onto the torus $Z^2_K$, culminating in a limit theorem for the cover time of the toral random walk. This extends the work done for the simple random walk in Dembo, et al. (2006) to a large class of random walks projected onto the lattice torus. The approach uses comparisons between planar and toral hitting times and distributions on annuli, and uses only random walk methods.
Clinical evaluation of nebulized verapamil in out‐patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with many health complications, including pulmonary hypertension (PH). Although oral calcium channel blockers have shown promising results in managing COPD‐induced PH, significant systemic side effects may limit their use in this population. Administering verapamil through nebulization can be an alternative approach. We aim to assess the possible therapeutic effects of verapamil inhalation in out‐patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to COPD.
Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome: much more than a surgical problem

Abstract Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a chronic, lifelong, debilitating, primarily obstructive airway disease which adversely affects the quality of life of many popular dog breeds. Respiratory restriction in bulldog breeds, pugs and Boston terriers frequently co-exist with pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, many brachycephalic dogs that appear clinically normal are, in fact suffering from chronic hypoxia and its systemic consequences. Concurrent gastroesophageal reflux-associated conditions, sleep disorders and systemic hypertension further impact the welfare of affected dogs. Acceptance of BOAS and associated clinical signs as being ‘normal for the breed’ is common amongst owners. While surgical correction of the upper airway is the mainstay of treatment, the provision of subsequent, frequently lifelong medical management is equally important for the maintenance of an acceptable quality of life, at least for some affected patients. Here we review the current knowledge concerning brachycephaly, combine it with shared clinical experience in the management of this debilitating condition, and discuss ethical considerations and the responsibility of veterinarians to contribute public education and to support appropriate breed standards for animals under our care.
What is the potential of paramagnetic rim lesions as diagnostic indicators in multiple sclerosis?

ABSTRACT Introduction In multiple sclerosis (MS), paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) on MRI identify a subset of chronic active lesions (CALs), which have been linked through clinical and pathological studies to more severe disease course and greater disability accumulation. Beside their prognostic relevance, increasing evidence supports the use of PRL as a diagnostic biomarker. Areas covered This review summarizes the most recent updates regarding the MRI pathophysiology of PRL, their prevalence in MS (by clinical phenotypes) vs mimicking conditions, and their potential role as diagnostic MS biomarkers. We searched PubMed with terms including ‘multiple sclerosis’ AND ‘paramagnetic rim lesions’ OR ‘iron rim lesions’ OR ‘rim lesions’ for manuscripts published between January 2008 and July 2022. Expert opinion Current research suggests that PRL can improve the diagnostic specificity and the overall accuracy of MS diagnosis when used together with the dissemination in space MRI criteria and the central vein sign. Nevertheless, future prospective multicenter studies should further define the real-world prevalence and specificity of PRL. International guidelines are needed to establish methodological criteria for PRL identification before its implementation into clinical practice.
Heterogeneous dielectric properties in MEMS models

An idealized electrostatically actuated microelectromechanical system (MEMS) involving an elastic plate with a heterogeneous dielectric material is considered. Starting from the electrostatic and mechanical energies, the governing evolution equations for the electrostatic potential and the plate deflection are derived from the corresponding energy balance. This leads to a free boundary transmission problem due to a jump of the dielectric permittivity across the interface separating elastic plate and free space. Reduced models retaining the influence of the heterogeneity of the elastic plate under suitable assumptions are obtained when either the elastic's plate thickness or the aspect ratio of the device vanishes.
Extrasolar planet population synthesis. III. Formation of planets around stars of different masses

Aims. We extend the models presented by Mordasini and collaborators to the formation of planets orbiting stars of different masses. We discuss the properties of the resulting synthetic planet population in terms of mass, orbit, and metallicity distributions. Methods. The population synthesis calculations that we use are based on the Bernese planet formation model developed by Alibert and collaborators, which self-consistently takes into account planetary growth and migration in an evolving proto-planetary disk. Using this model, we generate synthetic populations of planets by following their growth in a large number of proto-planetary disks, whose properties (mass and lifetime) are selected in a Monte Carlo fashion using probability distributions derived from observations. Results. We show that the scaling of the proto-planetary disk mass with the mass of the central star has a direct and large influence on the properties of the resulting planet population. In particular, the observed paucity of high mass planets orbiting 0.5 M ⊙ stars can be directly explained as resulting from a only slightly steeper than linear scaling. The observed lack of short period planets orbiting 2.0 M ⊙ stars can also be attributed to this scaling but only if associated with a decrease in the mean disk lifetime for stars more massive than 1.5 M ⊙ . Finally, we show that the distribution of minimum mass and semi-major axis of our synthetic planets are statistically comparable with observations.
Finite-pool queues with heavy-tailed services

We consider the $\Delta_{(i)}/G/1$ queue, in which a a total of $n$ customers independently demand service after an exponential time. We focus on the case of heavy-tailed service times, and assume that the tail of the service time distribution decays like $x^{-\alpha}$, with $\alpha \in (1,2)$. We consider the asymptotic regime in which the population size grows to infinity and establish that the scaled queue length process converges to an \alpha-stable process with a negative quadratic drift. We leverage this asymptotic result to characterize the headstart that is needed to create a long period of activity. This result should be contrasted with the case of light-tailed service times, which was shown to have a similar scaling limit, but then with a Brownian motion instead of an \alpha-stable process.
Extrinsic curvature effects in brane-world scenarios

This thesis is about thwo papers related to extra dimensions. Paper A discusses extrinsic curvature effects, and paper B treats symmetries of supersymmetric membranes. In the part of this thesis related to paper A, we extend the theory of non-relativistic quantum particles confined to submanifolds to relativistic boson fields. We show that a Klein-Gordon field constrained to a submanifold of a Lorentzian manifold experiences an induced potential similar to the one for the Schr{\"o}dinger equation. We embedd the Schwarzschild solution and the Robertson-Walker space-time and derive the induced potentials. Possible physical consequences of these induced potentials are also discussed. The second part is related to paper B, we study the dynamics of supersymmetric membranes, which are higher dimensional generalizations of supersymmetric strings. We derive a supersymmetric analogue of a dynamical symmetry for bosonic membranes.
Moduli of formal torsors

We construct the moduli stack of torsors over the formal punctured disk in characteristic p > 0 p>0 for a finite group isomorphic to the semidirect product of a p p -group and a tame cyclic group. We prove that the stack is a limit of separated Deligne-Mumford stacks with finite and universally injective transition maps.
Measurement invariance of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) across sex in children with autism spectrum disorder

Measurement invariance, or the degree to which an instrument measures constructs consistently across subgroups, is critical for appropriate interpretations of measures. Given sex differences in the phenotypic and clinical presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it is particularly important to examine measurement invariance in autism instruments to ensure that ASD measures are not biased toward the more common male ASD phenotype. This study represents an important preliminary investigation evaluating the measurement equivalence of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) across children and adolescents with ASD. The results indicated that the AIM demonstrated measurement invariance at the configural, metric, and scalar levels across sex in all five domains, including Repetitive Behavior, Communication, Atypical Behavior, Social Reciprocity, and Peer Interaction. These results suggest that ASD core symptoms assessed by the AIM were similar among male and female groups. In addition, the latent means for all five factors were not statistically significantly different across sex groups, revealing no systematic differences on any of the AIM subscales for males and females. Overall, this study showed that the AIM detects core ASD symptoms across all five areas equivalently in males and females and is not biased toward males with ASD.
Sleep problems in autism: Sex differences in the school‐age population

Clinically significant sleep problems affect up to 86% of the autistic population in school‐age. Sleep problems can have negative impacts on child cognition, behavior, and health. However, sex differences in the prevalence and types of sleep problems are not well understood in autism. To evaluate sex differences in sleep problems in the school‐age autistic population, we obtained parent‐report of sleep problems on the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and conducted direct assessments to establish diagnosis and intellectual ability in 6–12‐year‐old children (autism n = 250; typical development [TD] n = 114). Almost 85% of autistic females demonstrated sleep problems compared to 65.8% of autistic males, 44.8% of TD females, and 42.4% of TD males; a statistically significant increase for autistic females. Autistic females demonstrated increased bedtime resistance, sleep anxiety, and sleepiness, and decreased sleep duration, but did not differ in sleep onset delay, night wakings, parasomnias, or disordered breathing compared with autistic males. Intellectual ability was not related to increased sleep problems. Higher anxiety scores were associated with more sleep problems for males but not females. In one of the first studies to evaluate sex differences in sleep in the school‐age, autistic population, autistic females demonstrated increased sleep problems compared to autistic males, TD females, and TD males. Current autism assessment and intervention practices may benefit from increased attention to sleep problems in autistic school‐age females and to anxiety in autistic males to enhance well‐being and behavioral and health outcomes.
Autism-friendly public bus transport: A personal experience–based perspective

Community participation and the formation of social networks are crucial for a qualitative life. To this end, transportation plays an essential role. Many autistic people rely on public transportation for their mobility needs. However, research shows that it is not always easy for them to use it. The issues they face when using public bus transport have not yet been thoroughly studied. The current case study in Flanders aimed to give autistic people the opportunity to express the issues they face while using public bus transportation. A qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study was carried out. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 17 autistic individuals. The interviews were analyzed based on the interpretative phenomenological analysis method. Three main themes emerged: creating predictability, limiting stimuli, and open and accessible communication. In addition, various coping strategies were described, such as the use of noise-canceling headphones. The results of this study may lead to a more autism-friendly public transportation environment. Lay Abstract Transportation plays an essential role in daily life, allowing people to participate in the community and form social relationships. Many autistic people rely on public transportation to meet their mobility needs. However, research shows that it is not always easy for them to use it. The exact issues autistic individuals face when traveling with public transportation and how public transportation can be made more autism-friendly have yet to be researched. The current study allowed autistic individuals to express themselves regarding issues they face while traveling by public bus transportation, to raise awareness for making public transportation more autism-friendly. We interviewed 17 autistic individuals about their experiences riding the bus. Three main themes emerged from the results: creating predictability, limiting stimuli, and open and accessible communication. If transport companies take initiatives related to these themes, autistic people traveling by bus can have a more pleasant experience. Participants also described coping strategies for stressful or uncomfortable situations while using public bus transportation, such as using noise-cancelling headphones or digital applications for real-time route tracking, etc. These findings may lead to a more autism-friendly public transportation.
Cardiometabolic risk profiles in a Sri Lankan twin and singleton sample

Introduction Prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes is a priority in low- and middle-income countries, especially in South Asia where these are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The metabolic syndrome is a tool to identify cardiometabolic risk, but the validity of the metabolic syndrome as a clinical construct is debated. This study tested the existence of the metabolic syndrome, explored alternative cardiometabolic risk characterisations, and examined genetic and environmental factors in a South Asian population sample. Methods Data came from the Colombo Twin and Singleton follow-up Study, which recruited twins and singletons in Colombo, Sri Lanka, in 2012–2015 (n = 3476). Latent class analysis tested the clustering of metabolic syndrome indicators (waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, medications, and diabetes). Regression analyses tested cross-sectional associations between the identified latent cardiometabolic classes and sociodemographic covariates and health behaviours. Structural equation modelling estimated genetic and environmental contributions to cardiometabolic risk profiles. All analyses were stratified by sex (n = 1509 men, n = 1967 women). Results Three classes were identified in men: 1) “Healthy” (52.3%), 2) “Central obesity, high triglycerides, high fasting plasma glucose” (40.2%), and 3) “Central obesity, high triglycerides, diabetes” (7.6%). Four classes were identified in women: 1) “Healthy” (53.2%), 2) “Very high central obesity, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, raised fasting plasma glucose” (32.8%), 3) “Very high central obesity, diabetes” (7.2%) and 4) “Central obesity, hypertension, raised fasting plasma glucose” (6.8%). Older age in men and women, and high socioeconomic status in men, was associated with cardiometabolic risk classes, compared to the “Healthy” classes. In men, individual differences in cardiometabolic class membership were due to environmental effects. In women, genetic differences predicted class membership. Conclusion The findings did not support the metabolic syndrome construct. Instead, distinct clinical profiles were identified for men and women, suggesting different aetiological pathways.
$S^1$-equivariant symplectic homology and linearized contact homology

We present three equivalent definitions of $S^1$-equivariant symplectic homology. We show that, using rational coefficients, the positive part of $S^1$-equivariant symplectic homology is isomorphic to linearized contact homology, when the latter is defined. We present several computations and applications, and introduce a rigorously defined substitute for cylindrical/linearized contact homology based on an $S^1$-equivariant construction.
HOPF MONOIDS IN THE CATEGORY OF SPECIES

A Hopf monoid (in Joyal's category of species) is an algebraic structure akin to that of a Hopf algebra. We provide a self-contained intro- duction to the theory of Hopf monoids in the category of species. Combinato- rial structures which compose and decompose give rise to Hopf monoids. We study several examples of this nature. We emphasize the central role played in the theory by the Tits algebra of set compositions. Its product is tightly knit with the Hopf monoid axioms, and its elements constitute universal op- erations on connected Hopf monoids. We study analogues of the classical Eulerian and Dynkin idempotents and discuss the Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt and Cartier-Milnor-Moore theorems for Hopf monoids.
Generalization of the Nualart-Peccati criterion

The celebrated Nualart–Peccati criterion [Ann. Probab. 33 (2005) 177–193] ensures the convergence in distribution toward a standard Gaussian random variable N of a given sequence {Xn}n≥1 of multiple Wiener–Ito integrals of fixed order, if E[X2n]→1 and E[X4n]→E[N4]=3. Since its appearance in 2005, the natural question of ascertaining which other moments can replace the fourth moment in the above criterion has remained entirely open. Based on the technique recently introduced in [J. Funct. Anal. 266 (2014) 2341–2359], we settle this problem and establish that the convergence of any even moment, greater than four, to the corresponding moment of the standard Gaussian distribution, guarantees the central convergence. As a by-product, we provide many new moment inequalities for multiple Wiener–Ito integrals. For instance, if X is a normalized multiple Wiener–Ito integral of order greater than one, ∀k≥2,E[X2k]>E[N2k]=(2k−1)!
Limit laws of the coefficients of polynomials with only unit roots

We consider sequences of random variables whose probability generating functions are polynomials all of whose roots lie on the unit circle. The distribution of such random variables has only been sporadically studied in the literature. We show that the random variables are asymptotically normally distributed if and only if the fourth normalized (by the standard deviation) central moment tends to 3, in contrast to the common scenario for polynomials with only real roots for which a central limit theorem holds if and only if the variance goes unbounded. We also derive a representation theorem for all possible limit laws and apply our results to many concrete examples in the literature, ranging from combinatorial structures to numerical analysis, and from probability to analysis of algorithms.
A bundle gerbe construction of a spinor bundle from the smooth free loop of a vector bundle

A bundle gerbe is constructed from an oriented smooth vector bundle of even rank with a fiberwise inner product, over a compact connected orientable smooth manifold with Riemannian metric. From a trivialization of the bundle gerbe is constructed an irreducible Clifford module bundle, a spinor bundle over the smooth free loop space of the manifold. First, a Clifford algebra bundle over the loop space is constructed from the vector bundle. A polarization class bundle is constructed, choosing continuously over each point of the loop space a polarization class of Lagrangian subspaces of the complexification of the real vector space from which the Clifford algebra is made. Being unable to choose a Lagrangian subspace continuously from the polarization class over each point, the thesis constructs a bundle gerbe over the loop space of the base manifold to encode over each loop all such subspaces, along with the isomorphisms between the Fock spaces made from them, resulting from their being in the same polarization class. The vanishing of the Dixmier-Douady class of the bundle gerbe implies that the latter has a trivialization, from which is constructed a spinor bundle.
On the Calogero-Moser space associated with dihedral groups

Using the geometry of the associated Calogero-Moser space, R. Rouquier and the author have attached to any finite complex reflection group $W$ several notions (Calogero-Moser left, right or two-sided cells, Calogero-Moser cellular characters), completing the notion of Calogero-Moser families defined by Gordon. If moreover $W$ is a Coxeter group, they conjectured that these notions coincide with the analogous notions defined using the Hecke algebra by Kazhdan and Lusztig (or Lusztig in the unequal parameters case). In the present paper, we aim to investigate these conjectures whenever $W$ is a dihedral group.
Living with Parkinson’s disease: A qualitative study of spousal perspectives

Research has demonstrated that Parkinson’s disease can have adverse psychological effects on caregivers. Very few studies have focused on the experiences of spouses who are not primary caregivers or who do not identify as primary caregivers. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of spouses who are not primary caregivers or do not identify as primary caregivers. Twelve Israeli women, spouses of men with Parkinson’s disease, were interviewed using a semi-structured in-depth approach. Thematic analysis revealed five themes: before diagnosis, at diagnosis, after diagnosis, interpersonal ways of coping, and intrapersonal ways of coping. A dynamic of oscillation between confronting and avoiding losses was indicated. Non-death losses were mostly unacknowledged among spouses’ social circles. Results were interpreted in the context of grieving processes after diagnosis. Findings suggest a need for psychological interventions aimed at creating safe spaces for spouses to engage in a grieving process after diagnosis.
Identification of genetic characteristics in pediatric epilepsy with focal cortical dysplasia type 2 using deep whole‐exome sequencing

Focal cortical dysplasia type 2 (FCD2) is a malformation of cortical development that constitutes a common cause of pediatric focal epilepsy. Germline or somatic variants in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway genes are the pathogenesis of FCD2.