Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The severity of atopic dermatitis and analysis of the food hypersensitivity reactions

Aim of this study is to evaluate the dependence between the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions and the severity of atopic dermatitis. The detailed personal history about the food hypersensitivity reactions was recorded and the severity of atopic dermatitis was evaluated with SCORAD index. The statistical evaluation of the dependence between the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions and the severity of atopic dermatitis was performed. Two hundred and eighty-five patients were examined – 90 men and 195 women, average age 26.2 (s.d. = 9.5). The significant dependence between the severity of atopic dermatitis and the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reactions was confirmed; 96% of patients with severe form of atopic dermatitis suffer from food reactions. In evaluating the single foods, the significant dependence was found between the severity of atopic dermatitis and the reactions to nuts, apples, and fishes.
Urban dairy production and waste management in Oromia special zone around Finfine, Ethiopia

The survey was conducted to assess urban dairy production and waste management system in Oromia Special Zone around Finfinnee, Ethiopia. The three study towns (Burayu, Sululta and Sebeta) were purposively selected due to the high potential for commercial dairy production. A total of 90 commercial dairy producers 30 from each town who at least own 10 dairy cows were randomly selected. The farmers interviewed individually using the survey questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed and the study revealed that 47.8 and 52.2% of the interviewed were female and male respectively. Next to daily laborers, household wives shared larger responsibility for feeding (21.1%), milking (28.9%) and cleaning (13.3%). The genetic composition of dairy cows in the study areas ranges from 50% exotic gene inheritances to pure (100%) exotic Holstein Friesian. Accordingly, 50, 62.5, ≥75% and pure Holstein Friesian cows account for about 24.4, 38.9, 24.4 and 11% of the herd, respectively. The major sources of feed were both formulated feed and feed that mixed at home (55.6%) and tap water (74. 4%). The average age at first calving, calving interval and days open was 2.26±. 05years 20.8 ± 0.05 months and 161.76±34.80 days respectively. The major waste in the farm is manure (73.3%) and followed by feed left over (14.45%) and dust (12. 25%). High price feed, shortage of land, unavailability of dairy cow/heifer in time, feed quality, unavailability of feed in nearby area, diseases and lack of access to credit, shortage of water and inadequate training were among the major constraint of dairy production that need urgent intervention to utilize the untapped resources in the area. Key words: Dairy cattle, urban, production, milk, waste.
Graft Copolymerization of Pectin with Polyacrylamide

In the present study, an attempt has been made to modify pectin by grafting polyacrylamide using ammonium ceric sulphate as initiator. The effect of various variables like initiator concentration, monomer concentration, temperature and time has been studied. The grafted copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), organic elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). FT-IR studies indicated incorporation of amide group. Rheological behavior of pectin solution was compared with that of the grafted copolymer. The comparative rheological properties of pectin and grafted copolymer indicated change in the property of the product. Differential scanning calorimetry and XRD suggested formation of the grafted copolymer.
Characteristics of patients infected with SARS COVID-19 admitted at COVID health facilities in one of the aspirational district of India: a retrospective study

In December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia with unknown etiology appeared in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. On subsequent virus isolation from human patients and molecular analysis it was found that the pathogen was a new corona virus (CoV), first named as 2019-nCoV and subsequently World Health Organization (WHO) renamed this as COVID-19. On January 30, 2020 WHO declared this outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) due to an explosive increase in number of confirmed cases. On the basis of “alarming levels of spread and severity, and by the alarming levels of inaction”, on March 11, 2020, the Director-General of WHO characterized the COVID-19 situation as a pandemic. ABSTRACT
Auger effect in semiconductors

This paper presents a calculation of the lifetimes (τ) of excess electrons and holes in a semiconductor aaanming the Auger effect between bands (electron-electron and hole-hole collisions) to be the only recombination mechanism. If pair annihilation, and the corresponding reverse process of pair creation, are counted separately, there are four classes of processes to be considered. The suitably weighted algebraic sum of the rates of these processes yields a net recombination rate R. If N be the non-equilibrium number of pairs, then τ = N/R . In the calculation the effect of traps is neglected, and the group of electrons in the conduction band and the group in the valence band are each assumed to be in equilibrium among themselves, but not with each other, by the use of quasi-Fermi levels. Bloch functions ψk = u(k, r) exp (ik.r) are used. The matrix element of the Coulomb interaction is obtained as a multiple sum over reciprocal lattice vectors. Most of these terms correspond to Umklapp-type processes whose probability of occurrence is shown to be small. The dominant term, after integration over all initial and final states, yields the dependence of lifetime on temperature, carrier concentration, energy gap and other parameters. The absolute value of the lifetime depends also on an overlap intergral of the form Su*(k, r) u(k', r) dr where k, k' are in different bands. This integral is estimated on the basis of a one-dimensional model. The theory is compared with experimental lifetimes in InSb, and shows that the mechanism envisaged may dominate radiative recombination above 240 °K and accounts for the order of magnitude of the observed lifetimes (~ 10-8 s) in the neighbourhood of the highest temperature (330 °K) at which recombination in InSb has so far been studied.
FANTASTIC FUNGI AROUND US: A CASE STUDY OF IPB UNIVERSITY CAMPUS FOREST

Campus forest is the area of education and conservation at IPB University. The preliminary study proved that the area stores high biodiversity, including macroscopic fungi, which have not been well recorded. This study aimed to inventory the diversity of macroscopic fungi in the IPB University campus forest (IPBUCF) to be used as media for mycology course practice and optimize the future's mushroom potential. The results showed 18 mushroom species divided into two divisions, namely Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Basidiomycota consist of: Agaricus sp. , Amanita sp. , Amauroderma sp. , Conocybe sp. , Crinipellis sp. , Gymnopus sp. , Hypholoma sp. , Marasmius sp.1, Marasmius sp.2, Naucoria sp. , Pluteus sp. 1, Pluteus sp. 2, Pholiota sp. , Ramaria sp. , Rigidoporus sp. , and Russula sp. Ascomycota members were divided into two classes, namely Pezizomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. The identification results confirmed the existence of Cookeina cf. tricholoma and Onygena sp. In this paper, we explained how to describe mushrooms for identification using macroscopic features.
Penetration of ultrafine particles and ion clusters through wire screens

ABSTRACT Penetration of nanosized particles and ion clusters through a wire screen has been studied experimentally. Particles were generated by (1) evaporation-condensation or (2) corona discharge upon a vapor mixture of water and benzene. Ion clusters were produced by passing air containing organic vapors through an Am-241 ionizer. The theory of Cheng and Yeh predicts reasonably well the penetration of particles with sizes down to about 2 nm. For smaller particles, penetration attains a constant value seemingly dependent on the chemical nature of the material. Neither the constancy of this value nor its dependency on material properties can be explained by this theory. Inclusion of thermal rebound phenomena (sticking probability) in the model would probably explain the observed results. Although such a model currently exists, it is not possible to test its validity because the required mechanical and adhesion properties of the materials involved are not available at present.
Textual Information and IPO Underpricing: A Machine Learning Approach

This study examines the predictive power of textual information from S-1 filings in explaining initial public offering (IPO) underpricing. The authors’ approach differs from previous research because they utilize several machine learning algorithms to predict whether an IPO will be underpriced or not, as well as the magnitude of the underpricing. Using a sample of 2,481 US IPOs, they find that textual information can effectively complement financial variables in terms of prediction accuracy because models that use both sources of data produce more accurate estimates. In particular, the model with the best performance using only financial variables achieves 67.5% accuracy whereas the best model with both textual and financial data appears a substantial improvement (6.1%). Also, the use of sophisticated machine learning models drives an increase in the predictive accuracy compared to the traditional logistic regression model (2.5%). The authors attribute the findings to the fact that textual information can reduce the ex ante valuation uncertainty of IPO firms. Finally, they create a portfolio of IPOs based on the out-of-sample machine learning predictions, which remarkably achieves 27.90% average returns. Their portfolio achieves extraordinary abnormal returns in various time dimensions (both in the short and long run), achieving up to 30% better yield than the benchmark.
Influence of boron and lime on boron concentration and dry matter yield of green gram (Vigna radiata L.)

A pot experiment was conducted during 2019 pre- kharif season in acid soil at College of Agriculture, Iroisemba, Cental Agricultural University, Imphal to investigate the effect of five levels of boron ( viz. , 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 kg B ha -1 ) and two levels of lime (L1=unlimed and L2=limed) on boron concentration and dry matter yield of green gram ( Vigna radiata L.) variety DGGS-4. Results revealed that irrespective of different treatments there was an increasing trend of plant boron concentration and dry matter yield up to harvest of the crop. Significantly higher boron concentration and dry matter yield were recorded in green gram grown in soil added with boron over control at different crop growth stages. Application of boron in absence of lime resulted in an increase in boron content of greengram. Irrespective of boron application, liming enhanced dry matter yield of the crop. The combined application of lime and boron at 2 kg ha -1 enhanced the dry matter yield of green gram followed by addition of lime and 1.5 kg B ha -1 at different growth stages. This shows higher agronomic efficiency of boron and lime.
A SURVEY OF RETENTION PROTOCOLS AND TRENDS PRACTICED BY ORTHODONTISTS FROM CENTRAL INDIA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Introduction: Retention is necessary following orthodontic treatment to prevent relapse of the final occlusal outcome. So the aim of the study is to evaluate retention procedures and protocols which are used by the Orthodontists from Central India. Methodology: In this study a total of 128 Orthodontists practicing from Central India were sent questionnaire which consisted of questions regarding different types of conditions or orthodontic treatment and the choice of retainer they would prefer.the questions were so designed to know which retainer would they prefer among both the arch. Also to know which type of retainer (removable or fixed) they prefer for certain conditions. Result:A combination of fixed and removable retainers were commonly used by Orthodontists in both the dental arches, except after expansion of the upper arch when removable retainer was preferably used, and after the correction of rotation of mandibular anterior teeth where in Orthodontists chose fixed retainer over removable. Hawleys retainer was most preferred for upper arch (71.9%), Vaccum formed retainer for the lower arch (49.2%). In the fixed retainer bonded to all the anteriors was most preferred (76.6%) in the lower arch while bonded to Central Incisors in the upper arch (80.5%). Conclusion: The Hawley appliance was a predominant removable retainer. The bonded wire from canine to canine was the most frequent fixed retainer. Evidence-based guidelines are required for drawing a common retention protocol.
Introducing and assessment of FAIR principles of education in teaching biochemistry to I year MBBS students

Background: Recent curriculum is theory based where students just mug up and reproduce in exam with less understanding. It is Exam and marks oriented education. Students show less interest in classes. Presently FAIR (Feedback, Active learning, Individual learning and Relevance) principles of application are practically missing, according to this model students will be naturally motivated to learn. Students will take more responsibility for their own learning. By applying these principles we will improve the effectiveness and efficiency of learning and enhancing learning among students. The objective was to design an effective educational strategy using certain principles of education such as FAIR.Methods: The first batch of the Integrated Curriculum students of the I MBBS program formed the study population. Certain principles of education such as Feedback, Active learning, Individualization of learning and relevance that have been advocated for use to enhance learning, were applied in educational strategies for the implementation of the Integrated Curriculum.Results: By Implementing the FAIR model of integrated curriculum the scores obtained during evaluation and the positive student response validated the enhancement of learning objectively and subjectively.Conclusions: Our collective experience convinced us that designing a curriculum with FAIR model was well worth. 95% students felt it is advantageous with negative perception 35% of students, they felt lengthy and time consuming.
Molecular Mobilities in Biodegradable Poly(dl-lactide)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blends

The miscibility of poly(dl-lactide) and poly(e-caprolactone) (PDLLA/PCL) blends in a wide composition range was studied by the thermally stimulated depolarization currents technique by following the local and segmental dielectric relaxations changes as the blend composition is varied. The PCL primary relaxation is slightly shifted to higher temperatures as the PDLLA content increases, thus demonstrating the existence of a rich PCL phase and partial miscibility with PDLLA. Wide-angle X-ray scattering showed that neat PDLLA was amorphous, as expected for a sample with 12 mol % d-lactide isomer; nevertheless, the presence of 3D order was detected in the PDLLA that was melt blended with PCL. Differential scanning calorimetry also evidenced chain interaction by the decrease in the melting and crystallization temperatures as well as in the PCL crystallization kinetics which becomes slower in the presence of increasing amounts of PDLLA.
Novel contribution to the simultaneous analysis of certain hypoglycemic drugs in the presence of their impurities and degradation products utilizing UPLC-MS/MS

A novel ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established for simultaneous determination of three hypoglycemic drugs namely; sitagliptin (STG), vildagliptin (VLG) and metformin (MET) in the presence of their degradation products and STG related impurities. Chromatographic separation was accomplished on a Hypersil gold 50 mm × 2.1 mm (1.9 μm) column, using acetonitrile and 0.2% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase with a gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was operated in the positive ion mode. The selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was used to quantify the drugs utilizing the transitions of 408.12 → 235.24 (m/z), 304.33 → 154.32 (m/z), 130.12 → 71.32 (m/z) and 255.75 → 166.15 (m/z), for STG, VLG, MET and diphenhydramine (IS), respectively. The method has displayed a lower limit of detection of 1.50 ng mL−1, 1.50 ng mL−1 and 3.00 ng mL−1 for STG, VLG and MET, respectively. The drugs were subjected to forced degradation where it was concluded that STG, VLG and MET were highly susceptible for alkaline stress conditions. In addition, the study of the degradation kinetics of the drugs has proved that the degradation follows a pseudo-first-order reaction. The proposed method was effectively applied for the analysis of laboratory prepared mixtures as well as combined pharmaceutical formulations. No significant difference was found regarding accuracy and precision upon statistical comparison of the obtained results with those of the reported method. Validation was conducted in compliance with the ICH guidelines proving the method to be selective, linear, precise and accurate. The simplicity and sensitivity of this method allows its use in the quality control of the cited drugs.
The Impact of Industry on European Union Emissions Trading Market—From Network Perspective

This study pioneers to investigate the impact of industry on the European Union carbon trading market based on network perspective. All the accounts in the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) are summarized at the industry level, and then the trading relationship between industries is constructed in the network layout. Based on this network, the centrality of each industry is measured—the industries of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply (EGSAS), bank, broker, exchange, and wholesale trade excluding motor vehicles and motorcycles (WTEM) have higher centrality. Finally, the impact of industry on the evolution of networks is analyzed, Findings show that the financial intermediaries play important roles at the beginning of each phase, while their influences on the network will decrease as the market goes on. On the contrary, influences of some other industries like WTEM are gradually increasing.
Multivariate statistical modelling of extreme coastal water levels and
the effect of climate variability: a case study in the Netherlands

Abstract. The co-occurrence of (not necessarily extreme) precipitation and surge can lead to extreme inland water levels in coastal areas. In a previous work the positive dependence between the two meteorological drivers was demonstrated in a case study in the Netherlands by empirically investigating an 800-year time series of water levels, which were simulated via a physical-based hydrological model driven by a regional climate model large ensemble. In this study, we present and test a multivariate statistical framework to replicate the demonstrated dependence and the resulting return periods of inland water levels. We use the same 800-year data series to develop an impact function, which is able to empirically describe the relationship between high inland water levels (the impact) and its driving variables (precipitation and surge). In our study area, this relationship is complex because of the high degree of human management affecting the dynamics of the water level. By event sampling and conditioning the drivers, an impact function was created that can reproduce the water levels maintaining an unbiased performance at the full range of simulated water levels. The dependence structure between the driving variables is modeled using two- and three-dimensional copulas. These are used to generate paired synthetic precipitation and surge events, transformed into inland water levels via the impact function. The compounding effects of surge and precipitation and the return water level estimates fairly well reproduce the earlier results from the empirical analysis of the same regional climate model ensemble. The proposed framework is therefore able to produce robust estimates of compound extreme water levels for a highly managed hydrological system. In addition, we present a unique assessment of the uncertainty when using only 50 years of data (what is typically available from observations). Training the impact function with short records leads to a general underestimation of the return levels as water level extremes are not well sampled. Also, the marginal distributions of the 50-year time series of the surge show high variability. Moreover, compounding effects tend to be underestimated when using 50 year slices to estimate the dependence pattern between predictors. Overall, the internal variability of the climate system is identified as a major source of uncertainty in the multivariate statistical model.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY IN GREEN SPINY LOBSTER, PANULIRUS REGIUS (DE BRITO CAPELLO 1864), FROM THE PETITE COTE OF SENEGAL, WEST AFRICA

Green spiny lobster is one of the highest economically valued fisheries resources in Senegal. However, knowledge on this species are relatively old and insufficient. To realize this study on reproductive biology of Panulirusregius, sampling has been carried out between April and September 2017 from small-scale fisheries landed catches at the Petite Cote, Senegal. The length at first sexual maturity computed from the body allometric relationship according to the cephalothorax length (CL) was 67.95 mm in females and 67.51 mm in males. The CL at which 50% of the females were mature during the breeding season (CL50) was 94.50 mm. Individual fecundity was between 229,860 and 638,775 eggs depending on CL of individuals. In the catches surveyed, 64% of landed individuals had a total length (TL) less than 200 mm, which is the minimum landing length in accordance with the Senegalese fisheries law. This result indicates the difficulties to apply management measures relative to this fishery, which could compromise its sustainability in Senegalese Petite Cote.
An acid induced mixed-micelle mediated cloud point extraction for the separation and pre-concentration of platinum from road dust and determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

An acid induced mixed-micelle mediated cloud point extraction procedure is developed for the separation and pre-concentration of platinum from digested road dust matrices. The mixed-micelle is formed from the micelle–micelle interaction of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) (cationic) and Triton X-100 (nonionic) surfactants. Nitric acid induces the clouding as well as phase separation in these mixed-micelles. In the presence of mixed acids (HCl and HNO3), platinum forms stable and extractable anionic species compared to palladium and rhodium, which provides the quantitative separation of platinum, from palladium and rhodium, by forming the hydrophobic ion-associated complex with quaternary ammonium head groups of mixed-micelles. This hydrophobic complex is subsequently pre-concentrated from a bulk aqueous phase into a small mixed-micelles rich phase, avoiding the addition of an external chelating agent. The potential oxide interference of Hf is eliminated effectively up to 1 mg L−1 level, enabling interference free determination of 195Pt using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The parameters affecting the extraction process are optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the pre-concentration factor and detection limit are 13 and 10 pg g−1, respectively. The recoveries are in the range 92–99% at 100–200 pg mL−1 with relative standard deviation 2.0–3.5%. The accuracy of the procedure is evaluated by platinum determination in certified reference materials such as CCRMP PTC-1a Copper-Nickel sulfide concentrate and BCR 723 Road dust and the results agreed with the certified values with 95% confidence level, as well as being applied to road dust samples.