Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Shrimp Aquaculture Effluent
on Mangrove Sediment in Beibu Bay

Mangrove wetlands are natural barriers which purify inland pollution and reduce its flux to the ocean, which plays an important role in controlling coastal water nutrient and nutrients cycling. Sediment, water, and vegetation cooperate with each other to maintain the normal function of mangrove wetland ecosystems. Among them, sediment is an important place for benthic organism activity, landsea interface material exchange, pollutant containment, and self-purification. Pore-water acts as a crucial medium for material exchange in the water-sediment interface, as it is closely related to the migration, release and transformation of pollutants. Understanding the characteristics of sediment and pore-water in mangrove ecosystems has some guiding significance for mangrove wetland health evaluation. In this study, the characteristics of sediment and pore-water in mangrove ecosystems with and without shrimp aquaculture effluent discharge in the area were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) Total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and organic matter have positive synergistic effects in the shrimp aquaculture effluent discharge area, and the effluent has an obvious acidification effect on sediment; (2) NH4 + is main component of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in mangrove sediment, and the accumulation of NO3 -, NO2 and DIN in sediment increased with the discharge of shrimp aquaculture effluent. The change of physiochemical properties of sediment and pore-water is a synergistic process, which can be a quantitative indicator to evaluate habitat evolution of mangrove in shrimp aquaculture areas.
The Relationships between Students' Conceptions of Learning Engineering and their Preferences for Classroom and Laboratory Learning Environments

This study developed a survey entitled Conceptions of Learning Engineering (CLE), to elicit undergraduate engineering students' conceptions of learning engineering. The reliability and validity of the CLE survey were confirmed through a factor analysis of 321 responses of undergraduate students majoring in electrical engineering. A series of ANOVA analyses revealed that students who preferred a classroom setting tended to conceptualize learning engineering as “testing” and “calculating and practicing,” whereas students who preferred a laboratory setting expressed conceptions of learning engineering as “increasing one's knowledge,” “applying,” “understanding,” and “seeing in a new way. ” A further analysis of student essays suggested that learning environments which are student‐centered, peer‐interactive, and teacher‐facilitated help engineering students develop more fruitful conceptions of learning engineering.
Fiber-coupler fabrication with automatic fusion-elongation processes for low excess loss and high coupling-ratio accuracy

A novel fiber-coupler fabrication system which automatically processes fusion and elongation is presented. Not only conventional single-mode fiber couplers but also polarization-maintaining fiber couplers with excellent characteristics such as excess losses less than 0.11 dB and coupling-ratio accuracy better than 1.3 percent were obtained. In addition, it was confirmed that polarization crosstalk for polarization-maintaining fiber couplers in the present system was lower than that for the conventional manual method. The fabrication yield and reliability of the present system have been much higher than those of the conventional method and the processing time for fabrication could also be reduced.
Influence of wavefront dislocations on phase conjugation instability with thermal blooming compensation

The present paper is devoted to the application of the phase conjugation method for the thermal blooming compensation. Analysis of the numerical experiment data has shown that the appearance of continuous auto-oscillations in adaptive system is connected with the occurrence of dislocations in the reference beam. The use of the Hartmann sensor with low spatial resolution and modal estimation of the phase results in smoothing the phase estimate and damps the AOS oscillations.
A microwave nonlinear phase shifter

A microwave nonlinear phase shifter is described. It is a device producing a power-dependent phase shift of microwave signals. The device is fabricated with a ferrite film which serves as a waveguide for magnetostatic spin waves. A nonlinear phase shift of the carrier spin waves appearing under increasing their power is the key phenomenon in the device operation. A theoretical model for the nonlinear phase shifter is presented. The model provides a good description for the experimentally obtained performance characteristics of the device.
Perceptions of authenticity towards Māori Branding: Congruence as determinator?

Increasingly, both local and global organisations are implementing indigenous branding in their market offerings, regardless of whether they have ancestral connections to indigenous culture. However, numerous criticisms and claims of cultural appropriation have been raised in response to organisations’ commercialisation and commodification of indigenous culture through indigenous branding. This raises questions about the authentic and appropriate use of indigenous culture, language and iconography in commerce, particularly with regards to consumers perceptions of authenticity towards this use. As such, the purpose of this study was to understand consumers’ perceptions of authenticity in the context of indigenous (Māori) branding and organisational values. In this study, a 2x2x2 between-subjects experimental design was conducted using an online questionnaire. Subjects in the study were presented with a scenario communicating information about a brands values (either conventional or tikanga Māori), and their proposed brand concept (either orthodox or Māori branding). As the purpose of the study was to investigate both Māori and non-Māori perspectives, the sample was comprised of 570 adult Māori and non-Māori consumers currently living in New Zealand. These subjects were randomly distributed to one of the eight experimental conditions. Data from the questionnaire was analysed using a factorial ANOVA. The findings indicate that congruence among branding, organisational values and consumers’’ ethnic identification exerts the most leverage on consumers’ authenticity perceptions. Although, Māori consumers also perceived congruent (conventional) organisational values and (orthodox) branding as highly authentic. Interestingly, consumers, in general, found incongruent Māori branding and conventional values to be the least authentic, a finding attributed to issues of cultural appropriation. The results of the analyses contribute to the current understanding of perceived authenticity and indigenous brands. Moreover, this indigenous branding congruence effect extends social identity theory as it illuminates the fluidity of indigenous consumers social experiences and understandings. Managerially, marketers should be cognizant of the effects of congruence among branding, values and their target market, and make efforts to achieve congruence among these factors. If congruence cannot be achieved, then marketers should make efforts to be perceived as congruent through only communicating those factors which are congruent.
Pigmented Epithelioid Melanocytomas and Their Mimics; Focus on Their Novel Molecular Findings

Simple Summary Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma (PEM) is a rare entity with a controversial biological behavior. Some of these tumors behave in an indolent manners while others can locally spread. Herein, we review the clinical presentations, the pathological features as well as the genomic signatures associated with this rare entity. We also report an example of a challenging case of PEM that we encountered and show how usage of novel molecular diagnostic techniques focusing helps addressing this diagnostic conundrum. Abstract Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma (PEM) is a unique tumor with significantly pigmented appearance and indolent behavior; however, it can demonstrate cytological atypia and metastasize to local lymph nodes. Clinical and histomorphological overlap between PEM and its lower or higher-grade mimics can make it difficult to distinguish in certain cases. Genomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic data indicate that PEMs are molecularly distinct entities from other melanocytic neoplasms and melanomas. In addition, methylation studies are emerging as a tool that can be useful in difficult cases. In this review, we focus on the clinical, histopathologic and recent insights in the molecular features of pigmented epithelioid melanocytic melanocytomas and their mimics. We also present a challenging case that was resolved using methylation analysis providing a proof of concept for using epigenetic studies for similar challenging cases.
Biliary Atresia, Cytomegalovirus, and Age at Referral

Objective. To determine the frequency with which patients with extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) are infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and to ascertain the age at referral to a specialty center for surgical correction of EHBA. Methods. The charts of all patients discharged from the Children's Hospital and Medical Center between July 1, 1989 and December 31, 1993 with a new diagnosis of EHBA were reviewed to determine the frequency with which EHBA was accompanied by CMV infection. Data analyzed included age at referral and sex of patients, histopathologic evidence of CMV infection and size of bile ducts in the resected liver, and serologic (IgM) or culture diagnosis of CMV infection. Results. Twenty-three patients with EHBA were evaluated at Children's Hospital and Medical Center in the study period. Twenty-one of the patients with EHBA were appropriately evaluated for infection with CMV and infection was documented in 5 (24%) patients. The median age of referral for all patients was 61 days (range 10 to 124 days). Infected patients were referred later (82.4 ± 28.7 days) than noninfected patients (48.8 ± 21.8 days) (P = .01) and were more likely to be girls, but the medians of the diameters of the bile ducts in the resected porta hepatis were similar. Viral inclusions were not identified in any of the liver specimens. Conclusions. CMV infection is present in an unexpectedly large proportion of patients with EHBA at the time of referral. The establishment of CMV infection in infants with cholestasis should not deter the search for EHBA. Physicians should strive to reduce the age of referral of patients with EHBA to pediatric surgical centers by evaluating infants who remained jaundiced at 4 weeks of age.
Patterns of postgraduate transitions amongst care-experienced graduates in the United Kingdom

ABSTRACT Those who have spent time in state care as children, and are therefore ‘care-experienced’, are known to have lower life chances than the general population. While we know that care-experienced young people are significantly underrepresented in Higher Education nationally and internationally, little is known about their progression to postgraduate level study. Using data from the national Destinations of Leavers from Higher Education (DLHE) survey, this paper explores patterns of postgraduate progression for care-experienced graduates in the United Kingdom. As postgraduate qualifications have been found to provide numerous benefits, this is important to understand; these benefits could be particularly transformative for those with care experience – mitigating their background disadvantages. The authors’ data present a positive picture, showing that care-experienced graduates who successfully access and complete an undergraduate degree are significantly more likely to progress to postgraduate study than non-care-experienced graduates. We propose explanations for these findings, and make recommendations for practice to establish further equality in these patterns of progression.
An Experimental Investigation of the Flow in a Virtual Cyclone

An experimental investigation has confirmed the predicted flow pattern in a prototype virtual cyclone, a novel device for nonimpact particle separation proposed by Torcdzynski and Rader (1996, 1997) based solely on computational simulations. The virtual cyclone differs from an ordinary cyclone in that the flow is turned by a virtual wall composed of an eddy rather than by a solid wall. A small-scale version of the computationally simulated geometry has been fabricated out of Lucite. The working fluid is ambient air, which is drawn through the apparatus and flow-metering equipment using a wind-tunnel vacuum source. The flow is seeded with smoke or water droplets produced by a nebulizer so that flow visualization techniques and particle-imaging velocimetry could be applied. Experiments have been performed on this apparatus for flows with Reynolds numbers from 200 up to 40,000 (a Mach number of 0.3). Flow visualization using a laser light sheet passing through the mid-plane of the apparatus verified that the computationally predicted flow is obtained over the entire range of flow rates. The shear layer between the main and recirculating flow is observed to become turbulent around a Reynolds number of 4000. While not changing the flow structure, the turbulent mixing produced by shear-layer roll-up limits particle concentration at the higher flow rates. In order to achieve highly efficient particle separation using a virtual cyclone, turbulence must be suppressed or mitigated. If laminar flow cannot be achieved for macroscopic-scale virtual cyclones, it should be achievable for a small-scale (low Reynolds number) virtual cyclone fabricated using MEMS-related technologies. This approach could lead to a chip-scale particle concentrator.
Attention-Based Bi-LSTM Model for Arabic Depression Classification

: Depression is a common mental health issue that affects a large percentage of people all around the world. Usually, people who suffer from this mood disorder have issues such as low concentration, dementia, mood swings, and even suicide. A social media platform like Twitter allows people to communicate as well as share photos and videos that reflect their moods. Therefore, the analysis of social media content provides insight into individual moods, including depression. Several studies have been conducted on depression detection in English and less in Arabic. The detection of depression from Arabic social media lags behind due the complexity of Arabic language and the lack of resources and techniques available. In this study, we performed a depression analysis on Arabic social media content to understand the feelings of the users. A bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) with an attention mechanism is presented to learn important hidden features for depression detection successfully. The proposed deep learning model combines an attention mechanism with a Bi-LSTM to simultaneously focus on discriminative features and learn significant word weights that contribute highly to depression detection. In order to evaluate our model, we collected a Twitter dataset of approximately 6000 tweets. The data labelling was done by manually classifying tweets as depressed or not depressed. Experimental results showed that the proposed model outperformed state-of-the-art machine learning models in detecting depression. The attention-based Bi-LSTM model achieved 0.83% accuracy on the depression detection task.
Effect of Viscosity on Bouncing Dynamics of Elliptical Footprint Drops on Non-Wettable Ridged Surfaces

An initial drop shape can alter the bouncing dynamics and significantly decrease the residence time on superhydrophobic surfaces. Elliptical footprint drops show asymmetric dynamics owing to a pronounced flow driven by the initial drop shape. However, the fundamental understanding of the effect of viscosity on the asymmetric dynamics has yet to be investigated, although viscous liquid drop impact on textured surfaces is of scientific and industrial importance. Here, the current study focuses on the impact of elliptical footprint drops with various liquid properties (density, surface tension, and viscosity), drop sizes, and impact velocities to study the bouncing dynamics and residence time on non-wettable ridged surfaces numerically by using a volume-of-fluid method. The underlying mechanism behind the variation in residence time is interpreted by analyzing the shape evolution, and the results are discussed in terms of the spreading, retraction, and bouncing. This study provides an insight on possible outcomes of viscous drops impinging on non-wettable surfaces and will help to design the desired spraying devices and macro-textured surfaces under different impact conditions, such as icephobic surfaces for freezing rain or viscous liquids.
In Vitro Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Selected Metal Compounds and Potential Molecular Basis for Their Actions Based on Computational Study

Metal-based drugs represent a rich source of chemical substances of potential interest for the treatment of COVID-19. To this end, we have developed a small but representative panel of nine metal compounds, including both synthesized and commercially available complexes, suitable for medical application and tested them in vitro against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The screening revealed that three compounds from the panel, i.e., the organogold(III) compound Aubipyc, the ruthenium(III) complex KP1019, and antimony trichloride (SbCl3), are endowed with notable antiviral properties and an acceptable cytotoxicity profile. These initial findings prompted us to perform a computational study to unveil the likely molecular basis of their antiviral actions. Calculations evidenced that the metalation of nucleophile sites in SARS-CoV-2 proteins or nucleobase strands, induced by Aubipyc, SbCl3, and KP1019, is likely to occur. Remarkably, we found that only the deprotonated forms of Cys and Sec residues can react favorably with these metallodrugs. The mechanistic implications of these findings are discussed.
Collective action components of low-cost housing: an empirical analysis using Ostrom's SES framework

PurposeTo date, low-cost housing held under the common-property regime is faced with various collective action or management issues in relation to common facilities. Understanding and unpacking key collective action components in a multi-dimensional and systematic fashion that help explain the status quo of the complex low-cost housing management is crucial, particularly in identifying potential factors contributing to the suboptimal self-governing outcome. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the collective action of low-cost housing in Malaysia using Ostrom's institutional analysis development and social-ecological system framework (IAD-SES framework) as a theoretical framework.Design/methodology/approachFirst, a mixed-method research design was adopted where issues relating to the management of common properties of low-cost housing were identified in the Malaysian context. Second, the components of Ostrom's IAD framework relevant to collective action were identified. Third, after interviewing six experts in the housing industry via semi-structured interviews, two more components (historical development/adaptability to new environment and ethnicity) were added to the questionnaire survey. From here, 633 respondents who lived in four low-cost housings in Kuala Lumpur from 1,598 households were surveyed in 2012. We then merged the IAD framework with the SES framework. Factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha analysis were conducted to uncover the underlying variables and the social ecological clusters that they belonged.FindingsWith average Cronbach's alpha of 0.83, the seven key SES components identified are able to cumulatively explain 71% variance of local collective action components. Based on the cumulative percentage explained, the top five key SES components are as follows: context (social, economic and political settings); ethnicity; outcome; resource system; and users characteristics.Originality/valueThis study identifies key components related to the collective action issues of low-cost housing management, where two additional components were also suggested to be added to the SES framework. Apart from the theoretical contribution, the study, serving as insights and potential solutions, is also of practical significance to the existing management practices of low-cost housing in Malaysia where policymakers and management corporations may prioritize primary SES components, helping them govern common properties more efficiently.
Topology design and freeform fabrication of deployable structures with lattice skins

Purpose – Solid freeform fabrication is particularly suitable for fabricating customized parts, but it has not been used for fabricating deployable structures that can be stored in a compact configuration and deployed quickly and easily in the field. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for deploying flexible, freeform structure with lattice skins as the deploying mechanism.Design/methodology/approach – A ground structure‐based topology optimization procedure is utilized, with a penalization scheme that encourages convergence to sets of thick lattice elements that are manufacturable and extremely thin lattice elements that are removed from the final structure.Findings – A deployable wing is designed for a miniature unmanned aerial vehicle. A physical prototype of the optimal configuration is fabricated with selective laser sintering and compared with the virtual prototype. The proposed methodology results in a 78 percent improvement in deviations from the intended surface profile of the d.
Optimization of strongly pumped fiber lasers

Backreflection of the residual pump power into the cavity, and optimization of the fiber length, may significantly improve the efficiency of a strongly pumped fiber laser. A rate equation model is introduced and studied. Examples for Yb/sup 3+/-doped fiber lasers, with DBR mirrors at either end, show that employing such a geometry results in higher efficiency with shorter optimal fiber length. Approximate analytical and quasi-analytical expressions are shown to be in excellent agreement with the exact numerical solution of the rate equations.
A uniform analytical approach for ball and roller bearings calculations

A novel analytical approach is proposed, uniform for ball and roller bearings, which takes into account 5 relative race displacements (3 translations: dx, dy, and dz, and 2 tilting angles: dθ y and dθ z ) to provide simple analytical relationships for calculating directly the resulting 3 bearing loads: F x , F y , and F z as well as the 2 tilting moments: M y and M z . A full coupling between all these displacements and forces is considered. The maximum rolling element load Q max , the load distribution Q(ψ) and the 3-D rolling element load distribution dQ(ψ, X') at each roller-race contact slice are also given analytically. It will therefore be possible for bearing users, willing to study for themselves a complete statically indeterminate systems including shafts, housing and bearings, to do such calculations using accurate nonlinear bearing forces-displacements relationships suggested in this paper and to predict easily bearing and other system components performances. This approach can also be implemented in any nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (F.E.A.) package for describing a bearing element connecting the shaft to the housing for example. It completes, therefore, the F.E. A. library of elements.