Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coronal X-ray sources in the Hyades: A 40 kilosecond ROSAT pointing

We present results of a 40 ks ROSAT pointed observation of the Hyades cluster. The limiting L(sub x) is approximately = 2 x 10(exp 27) ergs/sec at field center, increasing to approximately = 2 x 10(exp 28) ergs/sec at 40 min off-axis. This represents the most sensitive X-ray observation to date in the Hyades region. More than 30 sources have been detected in the Position Sensitive Proportional Counter (PSPC) standard processing, of which 15 are Hyades members, five are cluster candidates that are likely non-members, four are foreground or background stars, and the remainder are unidentified. One Hyad, VB 173 (= VA 276), lies in a confused region, but is detected as a distinct source in the soft band only (E approximately less than 0.5 keV). We report upper limits for four other Hyades members in our field, all M dwarfs. Of the 16 Hyades detections, two represent the optically faintest members seen to date in X-rays; VA 260 (V = 16.68) and VA 368 (V = 16.25). These are both M dwarfs of mass approximately = 0.15-0.2 solar mass and are fully convective stars according to current theory. Analysis of X-ray light curves using 1 ks bins indicates some variability in the strongest sources and a possible flare in VA 383. Two Hyades stars, VB 141 and VB 71, were also detected with the co-aligned Wide Field Camera (WFC) EUV instrument. VB 141, the second brightest X-ray source in the Hyades, remains an enigma: a rapidly rotating FO star with a fainter, long-period companion, this object has an X-ray spectrum indicative of strong coronal activity. X-ray pulse-height analysis demonstrates that coronal models with at least two temperatures are required for most of the stronger X-ray sources. The ROSAT X-ray spectra generally require higher temperatures for the hotter component in the M dwarfs compared to the F-G dwarfs.
Temporary induction of hypoxic adaptations by preconditioning fails to enhance Schwann cell transplant survival after spinal cord injury

Hypoxic preconditioning is protective in multiple models of injury and disease, but whether it is beneficial for cells transplanted into sites of spinal cord injury (SCI) is largely unexplored. In this study, we analyzed whether hypoxia‐related preconditioning protected Schwann cells (SCs) transplanted into the contused thoracic rat spinal cord. Hypoxic preconditioning was induced in SCs prior to transplantation by exposure to either low oxygen (1% O2) or pharmacological agents (deferoxamine or adaptaquin). All preconditioning approaches induced hypoxic adaptations, including increased expression of HIF‐1α and its target genes. These adaptations, however, were transient and resolved within 24 h of transplantation. Pharmacological preconditioning attenuated spinal cord oxidative stress and enhanced transplant vascularization, but it did not improve either transplanted cell survival or recovery of sensory or motor function. Together, these experiments show that hypoxia‐related preconditioning is ineffective at augmenting either cell survival or the functional outcomes of SC‐SCI transplants. They also reveal that the benefits of hypoxia‐related adaptations induced by preconditioning for cell transplant therapies are not universal.
Spectrophotometry of faint cluster galaxies and the Hubble diagram - An approach to cosmology

New spectrophotometric data are presented for large-redshift galaxies in clusters. A new approach to aperture corrections and the analysis of the Hubble diagram is outlined, including the explicit incorporation of evolutionary effects. The importance of selection effects on the usual methods of analysis are in principle overcome in the analysis, although the heterogeneity of the sample still makes conclusions about cosmology slightly suspect. Formal values of the deceleration parameter are derived under several sets of assumptions, yielding results between +0.33 and -1.27 with formal standard deviations of order 0.7.
Chemical Composition of Open Clusters. II. C/H and C/Fe in F Dwarfs from High-Resolution Spectroscopy

Les observations spectroscopiques de naines F des amas α Per, Pleiades et Hyades et des groupes stellaires en mouvement UMa, Hyades et Wolf 630 sont analysees. Les abondances en carbone et les rapports d'abondance C/H sont determinees. La relation âge-[C/H] est etudiee.
A counter example to a conjecture of Johns

In this paper, we construct a counter example to a conjecture of Johns to the effect that a right Noetherian ring in which every right ideal is an annihilator is right Artinian. Our example requires the existence of a right Noetherian domain A (not a field) with a unique simple right module W such that WA is injective and A embeds in the endomorphism ring End( WA) . Then the counter example is the trivial extension R = A K W of A and W. The ring A exists by a theorem of Resco using a theorem of Cohn. Specifically, if D is any countable existentially closed field with center k, then the right and left principal ideal domain defined by A = D E? k k(x) , where k(x) is the field of rational functions, has the desired properties, with WA DA .
A Matlab toolkit for three-dimensional electrical impedance tomography: a contribution to the Electrical Impedance and Diffuse Optical Reconstruction Software project

The objective of the Electrical Impedance and Diffuse Optical Reconstruction Software project is to develop freely available software that can be used to reconstruct electrical or optical material properties from boundary measurements. Nonlinear and ill posed problems such as electrical impedance and optical tomography are typically approached using a finite element model for the forward calculations and a regularized nonlinear solver for obtaining a unique and stable inverse solution. Most of the commercially available finite element programs are unsuitable for solving these problems because of their conventional inefficient way of calculating the Jacobian, and their lack of accurate electrode modelling. A complete package for the two-dimensional EIT problem was officially released by Vauhkonen et al at the second half of 2000. However most industrial and medical electrical imaging problems are fundamentally three-dimensional. To assist the development we have developed and released a free toolkit of Matlab routines which can be employed to solve the forward and inverse EIT problems in three dimensions based on the complete electrode model along with some basic visualization utilities, in the hope that it will stimulate further development. We also include a derivation of the formula for the Jacobian (or sensitivity) matrix based on the complete electrode model.
Properties of Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves at the magnetopause under northward interplanetary magnetic field: Statistical study

We search the plasma and magnetic field data of the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) probes B and C during 2008 and 2009 for observation evidences of the Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability (KHI). Fourteen KHI events with rolled‐up vortices are identified under the northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) at the low‐latitude boundary layer (LLBL). We collect another 42 events reported from the observations of the Geotail, Double Star TC‐1, and Cluster for a statistical study of the KH wave properties. All the 56 rolled‐up KH wave events are quantitatively characterized by the dominant period, phase velocity, and the wavelength. We further explore the relationship between the KH wave period and the solar wind velocity (VSW) and the IMF clock angle. It is found that the KH period tends to be shorter under a higher VSW, and longer with a larger IMF clock angle. The spatial distribution of the KH wavelength shows a longitudinal growth with increasing distance from the subsolar point along the flank magnetopause. The statistical results provide new insights for the development of KH waves and their connection with the interplanetary conditions and deepen our understanding of the KHI at the magnetopause.
Cross-sections for water vapour for the Monte Carlo electron track structure code from 10 eV to the MeV region

Electron cross-sections were summarized for an accurate simulation of the track structure of high energy electrons up to a few MeV in water vapour. Elastic scattering was described by the Rutherford formula taking the screening effect into account. Partial and total ionization cross-sections were calculated using Seltzer's formula based on the Weizsacker-Williams method. The total excitation cross-section was evaluated by a so-called Fano plot with parameters given by Berger and Wang. The validity of the cross-sections was examined by comparison with experimental and calculated data. Use of these cross-sections enabled the development of a Monte Carlo track structure code KURBUC encompassing the energy range between 10 eV and 10 MeV. Finally the tracks generated by KURBUC were compared with those generated by MOCA8B in terms of radial distributions of interactions, point kernel and frequencies of energy deposition in small cylindrical targets pertaining to biological macromolecules such as DNA.
Assesment of Normal ECG Percentiles and Cardiac Rhythm Problems through 12-Lead ECG Screening in School-Age Children

Introduction: Electrocardiography (ECG) is an important non-invasive examination used for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and rhythm problems for nearly hundred years. Many studies showed the important effect of age and gender on electrocardiographic tracings and studies were made to form ECG data normal for age groups. The number of studies on this subject is quite low in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the standard percentile values of ECG measurement and the prevalence of cardiac rhythm disorders in school children aged 6-18 in our region. Material and Method: 2154 students who were randomly selected from eight elementary, secondary and high schools in Malatya city center were included in the study and informed consent form was taken from their families. Using MAC 2000 (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, USA) device capable of taking digital ECG record, ECG records with standard 12 derivations were taken for all participating children. ECG records of all children were examined by the same pediatric cardiologists. Using 24 hour Holter ECG and echocardiography, advanced evaluation was performed for the children with problems detected in ECG records. Results: Pathology was detected in the ECG of 110 out of a total of 2154 children whose ECG records were examined. Average age of 2044 children without detected conduction and rhythm disorder was 11.4±2.8 and 56.8% (n=1149) were female. In addition to the heart rate, PR, QT and QTc interval and QRS time, R/S ratio was also checked manually in V1, V2 and V6 precordial derivations together with QTc, P, QRS and T axis for the children participating in the study. These eleven parameters were compared to the other studies in literature. Mean QTc interval was detected below 440 milliseconds in all age groups (6-9, 9-13, 13-18). Mean heart rate per minute was found higher in all age groups in our study compared to other studies. Thus mean QTc interval was found lower than the other studies although QT distance was similar. Conclusion: Data of this study is important for the detection of normal ECG percentiles and the prevalence of rhythm problems in children and would guide other future studies on this subject.
A Review of E-Government Assessment Frameworks: E-Readiness, Adoption, Citizen Engagement and Quality

The rapid development of digitalization has impelled countries to adopt electronic government (e-government) to improve quality and efficiency, reduce costs and establish transparency in their transactions with the citizens, thereby, strengthening the government-citizens relationship. As e-government has become pivotal for development, it is essential to understand various frameworks available in the literature for evaluating a country’s e-government at different phases, from e-readiness to the realization of end benefits. Hence, this paper briefly reviews the e-government literature focusing on e-readiness, adoption, citizen engagement and performance and quality assessment frameworks. Further, a thematic analysis of the selected studies is carried out using NVivo and QDA Miner to map the main themes and subthemes and the associations among the selected studies. This paper contributes to the e-government literature with clear academic insights into different variables and dimensions in association with the evaluation of e-government and by setting a future research agenda for developing a holistic evaluation framework.
Dense Molecular Gas and Starbursts in Ultraluminous Galaxies

With the IRAM 30 m telescope we observed HCN(1→0) emission from five ultraluminous galaxies, three lower luminosity interacting systems, and two gas-rich normal galaxies. There are huge masses of high-density gas (2x10 10 M ⊙ ) in the ultraluminous galaxies, which shows star formation, rather than active galactic nuclei, generates their infrared luminosity. HCN traces H 2 at a much higher density, ∼10 4 cm −3 , than CO (∼500 cm −3 )
Analysis of Decisions with Incomplete Knowledge of Probabilities

This paper discusses the application of personalistic decision theory in a typical setting of decision making under uncertainty. The criterion for choice of strategy is maximization of expected utility. In this setting it is often difficult to obtain very precise measurements of the decision maker's probabilities on the states of nature. We therefore pay particular attention to several "imprecise" measures of probability, including sets of inequalities and bounds, and see how this information may be used in trying to determine an ordering or partial ordering of the expected utilities of the alternative strategies. At the end of the paper we note how, in practice, one may try to obtain the measures of probability presented herein.
Ross Procedure Versus Mechanical Versus Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement: A Network Meta‐Analysis

Background The Ross operation appears to restore normal survival in young and middle‐aged adults with aortic valve disease. However, there are limited data comparing it with conventional aortic valve replacement. Herein, we compared outcomes of the Ross procedure with mechanical and bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement (M‐AVR and B‐AVR, respectively). Methods and Results MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched through March 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials and propensity score–matched studies that investigated outcomes of patients aged ≥16 years undergoing the Ross procedure, M‐AVR, or B‐AVR. The systematic literature search identified 2 randomized controlled trials and 8 propensity score–matched studies involving a total of 4812 patients (Ross: n=1991; M‐AVR: n=2019; and B‐AVR: n=802). All‐cause mortality was significantly lower in the Ross procedure group compared with M‐AVR (hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI], 0.58 [0.35–0.97]; P=0.035) and B‐AVR (HR [95% CI], 0.32 [0.18–0.59]; P<0.001) groups. The reintervention rate was lower after the Ross procedure and M‐AVR compared with B‐AVR, whereas it was higher after the Ross procedure compared with M‐AVR. Major bleeding rate was lower after the Ross procedure compared with M‐AVR. Long‐term stroke rate was lower following the Ross procedure compared with M‐AVR and B‐AVR. The rate of endocarditis was also lower after the Ross procedure compared with B‐AVR. Conclusions Improved long‐term outcomes of the Ross procedure are demonstrated compared with conventional M‐AVR and B‐AVR options. These results highlight a need to enhance the recognition of the Ross procedure and revisit current guidelines on the optimal valve substitute for young and middle‐aged patients.
Flows past a tiny circular cylinder at high temperature ratios and slight compressible effects on the vortex shedding

The present study contributes to the numerical simulations of weak compressible effects for laminar flows around heated circular cylinders. Our aim in this work is to understand the physics of the flow around a heated cylinder and the reasons for the decrease in the frequency of vortex shedding in the wake behind the cylinder as the ratio of surface temperature to freestream temperature increases for moderate Re numbers. The previous achievements on this subject rely mainly on experimental investigations by using a “representative” or “film temperature” and therefore should be investigated more accurately by the numerical considerations. In that context, numerical experiments are carried out. A technique which was previously tested and validated on a variety of flow problems is utilized in the numerical experiments. The results show that the temperature is not a passive contaminant especially for flows with temperature ratios T*=Tw/T∞ greater than 1.1. The temperature boundary layer surrounding the wall i.
Is Bonesetter Still A Choice in the Eastern Region of Turkey? A Retrospective Study Investigating Bonesetter Interventions and Consequences

Objective: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the epidemiological and demographic characteristics of patients admitted to bonesetters and to determine the complications that occur in these patients. Materials and methods: Patients who applied to Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital due to musculoskeletal trauma between January 2018 and January 2021 and were admitted to a bonesetter before this admission were evaluated retrospectively. The patients’ age, gender, educational status, occupation, reason for applying to the bonesetter, the diagnosis told to the patient by the bonesetter, the actual diagnosis of the patient and the treatment given to the patient were evaluated, respectively. Complications were also evaluated by examining the patient’s physical examination and radiographic examinations. Results: The most common orthopedic disorder in patients was distal radius fracture and the most common reason for utilizing bonesetters was the recommendation of family and relatives. All of the diagnoses made by the bonesetters were defined as dislocations. There was no diagnosis of dislocation among the diagnoses made by physicians. In the student group; joint stiffness was found to be significantly lower than in the worker group. In the worker group; a significantly higher number of deformities were observed. More than half of the patients did not regret applying to a bonesetter. The rate of regret for men to apply to the bonesetters was found to be statistically significantly higher than that of women. Those who answered yes to the question of regret had significantly higher complications than those who answered no. Conclusion: Especially in the eastern regions of our country, the application to bonesetters has been one of the ongoing realities of our country for years. Healthcare professionals have a major role to play in reducing the rate of referrals to bonesetters.
Remarks on subsequences, subseries and rearrangements

In this paper we shall evaluate the measure theoretic, as well as topological (Baire category theoretic) complexity of the set of convergent subsequences of a given sequence of real numbers. Similar problems regarding subseries and rearrangements of a given series are also discussed. 1. Subsequences of a given sequence. In what follows, 2' stands for the space of infinite sequences of zeroes and ones equipped with the product of discrete topologies on the one hand and product of ', 2 measures on the other hand. T: 2W 2'0 is the map (Te)i = 1 ei. Q c 2W is the set of those sequences which have infinitely many zeroes and ones. Note that R2C is countable and, hence, 2 is a G0 set and is of measure one, which is left invariant by T. Note also that T is a homeomorphism and is measure preserving. A property defined for points of 2W is said to hold almost everywhere if the set of points for which the property holds is of cofirst category or is of measure one. Let now a = (a") be a sequence of real numbers. For any e in Q, Ea is the subsequence of a given by (ank) where n1 n( Ek = 1 and lakal < l/p), and, hence, is a Borel set. (We remark at this point that various sets we encounter subsequently can be proved to be Borel by similar arguments.) Further, the set Aa is a tail set and, hence, either A. or QA is of first category [3, p. 841. But since T(Q A.) c A. , A. cannot be of first category. The statement regarding measure follows by a similar argument using Kolmogorov's zeroone law [2, p. 2011. COROLLARY 1. Let P be the set of all limit points of a. Then A = {E: P is the set of all limit points of ea} is a cofirst category set and is of measure one. PROOF. If al, a2, . is a countable subset of P, which is dense in P, then A= niAa. Received by the editors April 11, 1977. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 4OA05; Secondary 28A35, 54A99. American Mathematical Society 1978
Embeddings and Duality Theorems for Weak Classical Lorentz Spaces

Abstract We characterize the weight functions $u,v,w$ on $\left( 0,\infty \right)$ such that $${{\left( \int\limits_{0}^{\infty }{{{f}^{*}}{{\left( t \right)}^{q}}w\left( t \right)}\,dt \right)}^{1/q}}\le C\,\,\underset{t\in \left( 0,\infty \right)}{\mathop{\sup }}\,{{f}_{u}}^{**}\left( t \right)v\left( t \right),$$ where $${{f}_{u}}^{**}\left( t \right):={{\left( \int\limits_{0}^{t}{u\left( s \right)}\,ds \right)}^{-1}}\int\limits_{0}^{t}{{{f}^{*}}}\left( s \right)u\left( s \right)\,ds. $$ As an application we present a new simple characterization of the associate space to the space ${{\Gamma }^{\infty }}\left( v \right)$ , determined by the norm $${{\left\| f \right\|}_{\Gamma \infty \left( v \right)}}=\,\underset{t\in \left( 0,\infty \right)}{\mathop{\sup }}\,{{f}^{**}}\left( t \right)v\left( t \right),$$ where $${{f}^{**}}\left( t \right):=\frac{1}{t}\int\limits_{0}^{t}{{{f}^{*}}}\left( s \right)\,ds. $$