Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recognizing missed opportunities to diagnose and treat iron deficiency anemia: A study based on prevalence of anemia among children in a teaching hospital

Background: In developing world, anemia is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in children under 5 years of age. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a very important causative factor for childhood anemia. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of anemia in different age group, sex, and its pattern of severity in hospitalized children. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a teaching hospital in Kolkata between April 2016 and September 2016. Children 1–168 months of age were included in the study. Results: Of 697 children, 296 (42.5%) had anemia as per the World Health Organization criteria. Males outnumbered the females with a ratio of 1.6:1. The median age of presentation was 29.6 months. The majority were from 1–5 years of age. About 73.3% of children had moderate anemia, whereas 21.3% had severe anemia and only 5% had mild anemia. The mean hemoglobin, mean mean corpuscular volume, mean mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and mean red cell distribution width were 9.3 ± 1.4 g/dL, 73.6 ± 8.8 (fL), 32.2 ± 2.6, and 16.3 ± 3.4 (%), respectively. Microcytic hypochromic anemia (71.3%) was the most common morphological type in all age groups, whereas macrocytic anemia was the least common among them. Prevalence of IDA was 69%. IDA was documented in close to 80% of children with microcytic hypochromic anemia. Interestingly, IDA was also documented in almost half of the children with normocytic normochromic anemia. Conclusion: The high prevalence of IDA among these hospitalized children indicates the role of early screening for IDA in all children with anemia. This early diagnosis and prompt management can prevent the mortality and morbidity related to IDA.
PeaQock: A PostgreSQL Extension with Evaluation Algorithms for Skyline and Top-k Skyline Queries

Today, many information systems might beneﬁt from preference based languages to get the best answers according to user-speciﬁed criteria. Skyline and Top-k are two languages that allow users to express their criteria. On the one hand, Skyline queries identify the best answers based on a multi-criteria function. On the other hand, Top-k queries determine the top k answers based on a score function. Additionally, a third language that integrates the prior has been proposed, Top-k Skyline. Unfortunately, traditional relational DBMSs don’t include the notion of preferences. However, some solutions for Skyline and Top-k queries have been implemented as part of the core query engine, showing performance improvements when compared to solutions implemented as an external application (middleware). To the best of our knowledge, there are no relational DBMSs that support Top-k Skyline queries. In this paper, we extend PostgreSQL with evaluation algorithms for Skyline and Top-k Skyline queries, and present experimental results to show their properties.
University of Birmingham Repurposing emoji for personalised communication:

The use of emoji in digital communication can convey a wealth of emotions and concepts that otherwise would take many words to express. Emoji have become a popular form of communication, with researchers claiming emoji represent a type of “ubiquitous language” that can span different languages. In this paper however, we explore how emoji are also used in highly personalised and purposefully secretive ways. We show that emoji are repurposed for something other than their “intended” use between close partners, family members and friends. We present the range of reasons why certain emoji get chosen, including the concept of “emoji affordance” and explore why repurposing occurs. Normally used for speed, some emoji are instead used to convey intimate and personal sentiments that, for many reasons, their users cannot express in words. We discuss how this form of repurposing must be considered in tasks such as emoji-based sentiment analysis.
Do Laws Shape Attitudes? Evidence from Same-Sex Relationship Recognition Policies in Europe

Understanding whether laws shape or simply reflect citizens’ attitudes is important but empirically difficult. We provide new evidence on this question by studying the relationship between legal same-sex relationship recognition policies (SSRRPs) and attitudes toward sexual minorities in Europe. Using data from the European Social Surveys covering 2002-2016 and exploiting variation in the timing of SSRRPs across countries, we show that legal relationship recognition is associated with statistically significant improvements in attitudes toward sexual minorities. These effects are widespread across demographic groups, emerge only after the policies are adopted, and are not observed for views on other social issues. Our results suggest that laws can exert a powerful influence in shaping societal attitudes.
Current draft : Sept 2005 Corporate Governance and Corporate Risk Taking : Theory and Evidence

This paper examines the relationship between investor protection and corporate insiders’ incentive to take value-enhancing risks. In a poor investor protection environment corporations are often run by entrenched insiders who appropriate considerable corporate resources as personal benefits. When these private benefits are large, insiders may need to undertake suboptimally conservative investment decisions to preserve them. Better investor protection reduces these private benefits and may therefore induce riskier but value enhancing investment policy. Such a relationship can also result from risk-averse behavior on the part of dominant shareholders with undiversified exposure in their own firms, which is again more prevalent in countries with poorer investor protection. If prominent non-equity stakeholders such as banks, labor unions or the government can influence corporate investment, and their influence is decreasing in investor protection, that can also give rise to a positive relationship between investor protection and investment risk. We test these predictions using a large cross-country panel. We find strong empirical confirmation that corporate risk-taking and firm growth rates are positively related to the quality of investor protection. On the other hand, the data do not lead to consistent evidence for the alternative channels. JEL Classification: G15, G31, G34.
Diffuse light in Hickson compact groups: the dynamically young system HCG 44

Context. Compact groups are associations of a few galaxies in which the environment plays an important role in galaxy evolution. The low group velocity dispersion favors tidal interactions and mergers, which may bring stars from galaxies to the diffuse intragroup light. Numerical simulations of galaxy clusters in hierarchical cosmologies show that the amount of the diffuse light increases with the dynamical evolution of the cluster. Aims. We search for diffuse light in the galaxy group HCG 44 in order to determine its luminosity and luminosity fraction. Combining with literature data, we aim to constrain the dynamical status of Hickson compact groups. Methods. We use Intra Group planetary nebulae (IGPNe) as tracers of diffuse light. These are detected by the so-called on band-off band technique. Results. We found 12 emission line objects in HCG 44, none of them associated with the galaxies of the group. The absence of PNe in the elliptical galaxy, NGC 3193, implies that this galaxy is located behind the group, leaving only three spiral galaxy members in HCG 44. 6/12 emission line objects are consistent with being IGPNe in HCG 44, but are also consistent with being Lyα background galaxies. Thus we derive an upper limit to the diffuse light fraction in HCG 44 of 4.7%, corresponding to 1.06 × 10 9 L� ,B and mean surface brightness of µB = 30.04 mag arcsec −2 . We find a correlation between the fraction of elliptical galaxies and the amount of diffuse light in Hickson compact groups. Those with large fraction of diffuse light are those with large fractions in number and luminosity of E/S0 galaxies. This indicates that the diffuse light is mainly created in dynamical processes during the formation of bright elliptical galaxies in major mergers. Conclusions. We propose an evolutionary sequence for Hickson compact groups in which the amount of diffuse light increases with the dynamical evolution of the group.
Trajectory Design for the Europa Clipper Mission Concept

Europa is one of the most scientifically intriguing targets in planetary science due to its potential suitability for extant life. As such, NASA has funded the California Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory to jointly determine and develop the best mission concept to explore Europa in the near future. The result of nearly 4 years of work--the Europa Clipper mission concept--is a multiple Europa flyby mission that could efficiently execute a number of high caliber science investigations to meet Europa science priorities specified in the 2011 NRC Decadal Survey, and is capable of providing reconnaissance data to maximize the probability of both a safe landing and access to surface material of high scientific value for a future Europa lander. This paper will focus on the major enabling component for this mission concept--the trajectory. A representative trajectory, referred to as 13F7-A21, would obtain global-regional coverage of Europa via a complex network of 45 flybys over the course of 3.5 years while also mitigating the effects of the harsh Jovian radiation environment. In addition, 5 Ganymede and 9 Callisto flybys would be used to manipulate the trajectory relative to Europa. The tour would reach a maximum Jovicentric inclination of 20.1 deg. have a deterministic (Delta)V of 164 m/s (post periapsis raise maneuver), and a total ionizing dose of 2.8 Mrad (Si).
DEAL: International Journal of Economics and Business How To Drive Satisfaction Of Simulator Software Users?

Summary - This study aims to examine the role of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) on the satisfaction of users of oscilloscope simulator software at the Vocation School of Engineering in Jakarta. This study uses an explanatory research design with quantitative methods. The population in this study were users of the Oscilloscope simulator at the Jakarta Vocational School. The number of samples in this study was 100 respondents. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive and significant effect of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on Attitude Toward Using, and Attitude Toward Using has a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction, while perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a positive but insignificant effect on user satisfaction. Perceived ease of use not significant on user satisfaction. Also perceived usefulness have not significant on user satisfaction. The path that states the strongest influence relationship is perceived ease of use has a positive effect on perceived usefulness
Effects of Agroecosystem Management on water quality in multiple watersheds in Ohio

ii Dedication . iv Acknowledgements . v Vita . vi List of Tables . x List of Figures . xi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Agricultures’ role in aquatic ecosystem impairment . 2 Precipitation Trends . 5 Effects of widespread herbicide use . 6 Effect of Agricultural Management . 8 Organic and Conventional management . 9 HHEI Development . 11 Study Overview . 13 Literature Cited . 17 Chapter 2: Ecological Impacts of Organic and Conventional Dairy production on Primary Headwater Streams in northeast, Ohio . 25 Introduction . 25 Methods and Materials . 29 Study Area . 29 Site Selection . 29 Sampling Regime . 30 Nutrient and Water Quality Parameters . 31 Microbial Sampling . 31 Habitat and Biological Evaluation . 32 Data Analysis . 33 Statistical Analysis . 34 Results . 38 viii Management Differences . 38 Redundancy Analyses . 40 Variance Partitioning . 41 CART Analysis . 42 Discussion . 43 Literature Cited . 49 Chapter 3: Herbicide Contamination in Primary Headwater Streams on Organic and Conventional Dairy Farms in Northeast Ohio . 66 Introduction . 66 Herbicide Characteristics . 67 Occurrence in Aquatic Environments . 69 Primary Headwater Habitats . 69 Methods and Materials . 70 Study Area . 70 Scope of Study . 71 Mapping using ArcGIS . 72 Data Analysis . 73 Results . 74 Precipitation . 74 Herbicide Occurrence . 75 Land Cover.75 Environmental Variables . 76 Parcel Layers . 76 CART Analysis . 77 Discussion . 78 Literature Cited . 83 Chapter 4: Effects of Agroecosystem Management on Phosphorus and Nitrogen Loss from Agricultural Fields in Ohio . 94 Introduction . 94 Methods and Materials . 98 Site Description . 98 Instrumentation . 99 Field Management Characteristics . 102 Soil Analysis . 103 Data Analysis . 104 Statistical Analysis . 105 Results . 106 Major Pathways of Nutrient Transport . 106 Environmental and Management Factors . 107 Redundancy Analysis.109 CART and GLM . 111
Oeconomia 22 (1) 2023, 73–87

Aim: The paper aims to examine the relationship between FDI and the nominal exchange rate, real GDP, and capital stock in Tanzania using quantitative research methods and an econometric analysis. The analysis aims to provide insights into the factors that affect FDI and contribute to the existing literature on the relationship between FDI and economic growth. Methods: This study examines the relationship between FDI inflow, real GDP, capital stock, and the normal exchange rate in Tanzania using a robust research methodology. The study employs STATA 15 software and Akaike’s Information Criteria (AIC), Schwarz Information Criteria (SC), Final Prediction Error (FPE), and the Hannan Quinn (HQ) Information Criteria. In addition, the autoregressive model, the Johansen co-integration test, and the Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality (modified WALD) test were employed to determine the optimal lag. Results: The results indicate a bidirectional relationship between the nominal exchange rate and FDI in Tanzania, with FDI inflows influencing the nominal exchange rate volatility and vice versa. Furthermore, the results indicate that real GDP, capital stock, and the nominal exchange rate exert a unidirectional influence on FDI influx in Tanzania. Conclusions: The nominal exchange rate and capital stock have positive and negative correlations with foreign direct investment. Like many other African economies, Tanzania remains vulnerable to external forces despite making significant strides in stabilizing the exchange rate. It is recommended that the Central Bank of Tanzania – along with those of other African nations with similar economic structures – maintain a stable nominal exchange rate level as an incentive for foreign investors in order to increase the inflow of foreign direct investment.
of the French Agency for Food , Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety on the " assessment of the risk of hepatotoxicity

ANSES undertakes independent and pluralistic scientific expert assessments. ANSES primarily ensures environmental, occupational and food safety as well as assessing the potential health risks they may entail. It also contributes to the protection of the health and welfare of animals, the protection of plant health and the evaluation of the nutritional characteristics of food. It provides the competent authorities with all necessary information concerning these risks as well as the requisite expertise and scientific and technical support for drafting legislative and statutory provisions and implementing risk management strategies (Article L.1313-1 of the French Public Health Code). Its opinions are published on its website. This opinion is a translation of the original French version. In the event of any discrepancy or ambiguity the French language text dated 30 March 2021 shall prevail.
Antidiabetic Drugs in Breast Cancer Patients

Simple Summary Diabetes affects patients with breast cancer. Women with diabetes and the comorbidities related to diabetes tend to receive less aggressive breast cancer treatments primarily because of the potential side effects of the treatment. Managing proper antidiabetic treatment should affect the patient’s breast cancer prognosis in patients with both conditions. This review explores the link between diabetes and an elevated risk of breast cancer, highlighting the global prevalence of these conditions. It delves into the impact of antihyperglycemic therapy, including insulin, metformin, and novel groups: incretins and SGLT-2 inhibitors, on the prognosis of breast cancer in diabetic patients. The review also underscores the increased incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer in individuals with diabetes, along with the role of obesity and its connection to the metastasis process in those undergoing antidiabetic treatment. The role of obesity as a confounding variable is confirmed, highlighting the importance of considering obesity during hypoglycemic therapy selection in breast cancer patients. Abstract Diabetes is one of the leading chronic conditions worldwide, and breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. The linkage between diabetes and its ability to increase the risk of breast cancer should always be analyzed in patients. This review focuses on the impact of antihyperglycemic therapy in breast cancer patients. Patients with diabetes have a higher risk of developing cancer than the general population. Moreover, diabetes patients have a higher incidence and mortality of breast cancer. In this review, we describe the influence of antidiabetic drugs from insulin and metformin to the current and emerging therapies, incretins and SGLT-2 inhibitors, on breast cancer prognosis. We also emphasize the role of obesity and the metastasis process in breast cancer patients who are treated with antidiabetic drugs.
Stiffness of reverse channel connections at room and elevated temperatures

Tese de doutoramento em Construcao Metalica e Mista, da Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, ao abrigo do acordo de doutoramento em regime de cotutela celebrado entre a Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra e a Lulea University of Technology, Suecia.
Neurocognitive Assessment of Mathematics-Related Capacities in Neurosurgical Patients

A precise neuropsychological assessment is of the utmost importance for neurosurgical patients undergoing the surgical excision of cerebral lesions. The assessment of mathematical abilities is usually limited to arithmetical operations while other fundamental visuo-spatial aspects closely linked to mathematics proficiency, such as the perception of numerical quantities and geometrical reasoning, are completely neglected. We evaluated these abilities with two objective and reproducible psychophysical tests, measuring numerosity perception and non-symbolic geometry, respectively. We tested sixteen neuro-oncological patients before the operation and six after the operation with classical neuropsychological tests and with two psychophysical tests. The scores of the classical neuropsychological tests were very heterogeneous, possibly due to the distinct location and histology of the tumors that might have spared (or not) brain areas subserving these abilities or allowed for plastic reorganization. Performance in the two non-symbolic tests reflected, on average, the presumed functional role of the lesioned areas, with participants with parietal and frontal lesions performing worse on these tests than patients with occipital and temporal lesions. Single-case analyses not only revealed some interesting exceptions to the group-level results (e.g., patients with parietal lesions performing well in the numerosity test), but also indicated that performance in the two tests was independent of non-verbal reasoning and visuo-spatial working memory. Our results highlight the importance of assessing non-symbolic numerical and geometrical abilities to complement typical neuropsychological batteries. However, they also suggest an avoidance of reliance on an excessively rigid localizationist approach when evaluating the neuropsychological profile of oncological patients.
Bifenthrin Diminishes Male Fertility Potential by Inducing Protein Defects in Mouse Sperm

A synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, bifenthrin, has been commonly used as an effective exterminator, although the rise in its usage has raised concerns regarding its effects on the environment and public health, including reproduction, globally. The current study investigated the function-related molecular disparities and mechanisms in bifenthrin-exposed sperm cells and the underlying mechanism. Therefore, epididymal spermatozoa were released, and various concentrations of bifenthrin were treated (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM) to evaluate their effects on sperm. The findings showed that although bifenthrin had no effect on sperm viability, various other sperm functions (e.g., motility, spontaneous acrosome reaction, and capacitation) related to male fertility were decreased, commencing at a 1 µM treatment. Molecular studies revealed nine differentially expressed sperm proteins that were implicated in motile cilium assembly, sperm structure, and metabolic processes. Furthermore, bifenthrin affected sperm functions through abnormal diminution of the expression of specific sperm proteins. Collectively, these findings provide greater insights into how bifenthrin affects male fertility at the molecular level.
Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

ABSTRACT Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the SOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds (VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to SOA formation has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ∼70% of the formed SOA, i.e. >2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that SOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.
Application of remote sensing methods for statistical estimation of organic matter in soils

The availability of reliable information on the physicochemical properties of soils is a necessary tool for maintaining and improving fertility and effective optimization of agricultural land management in many countries. However, ground-based research methods require significant financial and time resources. It has been established that methods based on remote sensing data are an efficient, accurate, and less costly solution for studying different types of soil cover parameters. This work aims to determine the predicted indicator of humus content in soils in selected regions of the Kyiv region (Ukraine) with the corresponding soil types. For this, the spectral properties of chernozem soils were investigated based on Landsat 8 OLI satellite images. A mosaic of the mean spectral reflectance values for the study period (2013-2015) was created using the Google Earth Engine. The vegetation indices NDSI, NDWI, NDBI, MSAVI, and NDVI were used to identify bare soils. Using multiple linear regression, an optimal F-Comparing Nested Model was created for predicting humus content in soils, including seven parameters. The model's accuracy was estimated with such indicators R=0.95, R2= 0.90, σy = 0.16 %. The approach based on the proposed model can be used to support the adoption of the necessary management decisions to improve soil fertility and maintain balanced land use.