Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Awareness and Disposal Practices of Medicines among the Community in Hawassa City, Ethiopia

Despite the enormous benefits medicines provide to humanity, their improper disposal frequently leads to detrimental consequences on the environment. Lack of awareness and malpractices concerning expired, leftover, or unused (ELU) medicines have become concerns worldwide. This study assessed community awareness and practices regarding the disposal of ELU medicines in Hawassa City, Ethiopia. A community-based descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used among the urban population of Hawassa City. Multistage sampling procedures were employed to select 405 household (HH) respondents, and purposive sampling techniques were used to select key experts (KEs) and key informants (KIs). A pretested questionnaire was designed for HHs, KEs, and KIs. The results of the study showed that analgesics and antibiotics, used in 52 and 27% of the HHs, respectively, were the most commonly consumed medicines in this city. The vast majority (95.5%) of the HHs did not store expired medicines but disposed of them. Only 10% of the HHs were well informed on how to dispose of ELU medicines. Most (70%) KEs and KIs revealed that there were no awareness-creation mechanisms for the safe disposal of ELU medicines. A significantly high (p < 0.05) percentage (76%) of the HH respondents who were well informed on how to dispose of ELU medicines had higher education, but most (95%) of them indicated that they would not be willing to be involved in “ELU-take-back” programs even if there had been such a mechanism. Field observations confirm significant amounts of medical waste improperly discarded in various areas, including the shores of Lake Hawassa near Hawassa City. The study has shown that awareness of the management of ELU medicines is critically lacking in the community of Hawassa City, posing environmental and human health risks. Moreover, the majority of households practice unsafe disposal of ELU medicines, leading to human health threats and environmental risk.
Virtual Screening Technology for Two Novel Peptides in Soybean as Inhibitors of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase

Soybean peptides (SPs) have bioactivities of enzyme inhibition that are beneficial to human health, but their mechanism is not clear. This study aimed to identify peptide fragments in SPs that simultaneously inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase and to explore their enzyme inhibition mechanism. Firstly, the inhibitory activity of SPs against the enzymes was determined. And two octapeptides, LDQTPRVF and SRNPIYSN, were identified for the first time by using HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and virtual screening. Molecular simulation results showed that hydrogen bonds and π–π bonds were the key factors, and the N-terminal (Leu and Ser) and C-terminal (Phe) of peptide were important inhibiting sites. Both octapeptides were synthesized, and their IC50 values were 3.08 and 5.58 mmol/L for α-amylase, and 2.52 and 4.57 mmol/L for α-glucosidase, respectively. This study provided evidence for SPs as a potential inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in special dietary foods.
The research progress on synchronous endometrial and ovarian carcinoma

Synchronous endometrial and ovarian carcinoma (SEOC) is the most common combination of primary double cancer in the female reproductive system. The etiology and pathogenesis of SEOC remain unclear, and clinically, it is often misdiagnosed as metastatic cancer, affecting the formulation of treatment plans and prognosis for patients. This article provides a review of its epidemiology, pathological and clinical characteristics, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
Contribution of on-farm avocado (Persea americana) tree-based agroforestry practice on selected soil physical and chemical properties of Inguti small watershed, in the highlands of North-Western Ethiopia

ABSTRACT Agroforestry has a significant contribution to soil fertility enhancement as productive and protective value. Particularly, fruit tree-based agroforestry practice plays a significant role in improving productivity as well as soil fertility management. This study aimed to determine the contribution of on-farm avocado fruit tree-based agroforestry practice on selected soil physicochemical properties in the case of Inguti small watershed. Field survey and laboratory analyses were carried out based on selected physicochemical properties. Soil samples were taken from 12 sample avocado trees at 3 radial distances (under, near, and far from tree canopy) and two depths (0–20 cm and 20–40 cm) in four directions. Soil composite samples were taken for laboratory analysis. To investigate its contribution to selected soil’s physicochemical properties texture, bulk density, organic matter and carbon, pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were considered and the significant variation among treatments were analyzed. Based on the result of the study, except soil texture and soil pH, all other investigated soil physical (bulk density) and chemical properties (organic matter, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium) were significantly varied for distance from avocado tree and soil depth from the surface with a p-value of bulk density P < 0.000 and 0.001), organic matter (P < 0.000 and 0.005), organic carbon (P < 0.000 and 0.006), pH (P < 0.00 and 0.626ns), total nitrogen (P < 0.000 and 0.006), available phosphorus (P < 0.002 and 0.01) and potassium (P < 0.002 and 0.01) for distance and depth respectively. So, on-farm avocado (Persea americana) has a significant contribution to soil physicochemical properties in the study watershed.
Small Vessels-Big Problems : Novel Insights into Microvascular Mechanisms of Diseases Coronary microvascular dysfunction after long-term diabetes and hypercholesterolemia

Oana Sorop,* Mieke van den Heuvel,* Nienke S. van Ditzhuijzen, Vincent J. de Beer, Ilkka Heinonen, Richard W. B. van Duin, Zhichao Zhou, Sietse J. Koopmans, X Daphne Merkus, Wim J. van der Giessen, A. H. Jan Danser, and X Dirk Jan Duncker Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research School COEUR, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Digital competencies and the 21st century skills of university teachers in Nigeria

The study examined university teachers’ digital literacy in Nigeria’s south-south geopolitical region. The descriptive survey approach was used, and three research questions served as the study’s direction. Data were gathered via an online questionnaire. SPSS version 23 was used to calculate the mean and standard deviation after frequency counts and simple percentages were used to evaluate the data while the independent t-test was used to test the hypothesis. The online survey was distributed to 200 faculty members, and 91 of them fill it out, yielding a 46% response rate. The sample for the study consisted of 91 lecturers who answered the online survey. Two measurement and evaluation specialists and two experts in digital technology evaluated the questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha was employed to determine the instrument’s dependability, and the result was 0.74. The results showed that university lecturers possess high levels of both fundamental and multidimensional digital competence. The survey found that among the difficulties experienced by university teachers in acquiring digital skills were a lack of opportunity for information and communication technology (ICT) training, the high cost of ICT literacy training, inadequate ICT facilities, and a lack of sponsorship. Lastly, the outcome of the hypothesis test indicates that there is no statistically substantial difference in the levels of digital competence between male and female university lecturers. Based on their findings, the researchers suggested that university administrators set up digital skills training for university faculty members as well as assistance and incentives to promote development of digital abilities. The government should be dedicated to education overall by investing adequate finances for teacher training, infrastructural development, and enhanced welfare programs to deliver excellent university education in this digital era.
Dual-Polarization Fiber Optic Differential Interferometer for High-Sensitivity Sensing Applications

The fiber optic differential interferometer (FODI) is a sensor capable of direct detection of temporal derivatives of measured physical quantities. However, its phase sensitivity is currently constrained by the presence of relative intensity noise (RIN). In this study, the disruptive effects of RIN are evaluated through theoretical analysis. Based on this analysis, a novel dual-polarization fiber optic differential interferometer (DP-FODI), in which a dual-polarization front-end is integrated with a new differential fiber sensing probe, is proposed. The mechanism for RIN suppression is comprehensively elucidated through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. In the static self-noise tests of DP-FODI employing a delay fiber length of 2 km, successful RIN suppression is achieved, leading to a 10-fold enhancement of phase sensitivity from <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ 1.6\times 10^{-6} \mathrm{rad/\sqrt{Hz}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.5\times 10^{-7} \mathrm{rad/\sqrt{Hz}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. Furthermore, dynamic experiments were conducted to validate the differential characteristics of DP-FODI, realizing a dynamic range exceeding 106 dB. DP-FODI exhibits significant potential for application in various domains, including strain monitoring and underwater acoustic measurement.
The relationship between work–family conflict and job satisfaction for preschool teachers in rural China: a moderated mediation model

Background Job satisfaction for preschool teachers in rural areas has an important impact on their professional development, physical and mental health, and the development of preschool education. However, few studies have explored the factors that influence rural preschool teachers’ job satisfaction. Purpose This study aims to examine the influence of rural preschool teachers’ work–family conflict on their job satisfaction, and the mediating effect of occupational identity, the moderating effect of social support. Method Participants included 3,065 rural preschool teachers from Zhejiang Province in mainland China. Teachers completed questionnaires on work–family conflict, occupational identity, job satisfaction, and social support. The correlation and moderated mediation analyses were conducted using SPSS PROCESS. Results (1) work–family conflict is associated with poorer job satisfaction in preschool teachers; (2) occupational identity mediates the relationship between work–family conflict and job satisfaction; and (3) a high level of social support alleviates the negative influence of work–family conflict on job satisfaction and promotes the positive effect of occupational identity on job satisfaction. Conclusion The study revealed the negative impact of work–family conflict on preschool teachers’ job satisfaction, and the protecting effect of social support, which has important implications for improving teachers’ future job satisfaction.
Resisting the Resistance: Navigating BTK Mutations in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and confers anti-apoptotic and proliferative properties to malignant B-cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Small molecule BTK inhibitors were designed to bind BTK’s active site and block downstream signaling. These drugs have now been used in the treatment of thousands of patients with CLL, the most common form of leukemia in the western hemisphere. However, adverse effects of early generations of BTK inhibitors and resistance to treatment have led to the development of newer, more selective and non-covalent BTK inhibitors. As the use of these newer generation BTK inhibitors has increased, novel BTK resistance mutations have come to light. This review aims to discuss previously known and novel BTK mutations, their mechanisms of resistance, and their relationship with patient treatment. Also discussed here are future studies that are needed to investigate the underlying cause allowing these mutations to occur and how they incite resistance. New treatments on the horizon that attempt to maneuver around these resistance mutations can be met with new resistance mutations, creating an unmet need for patients with CLL. Novel therapies and combinations that address all forms of resistance are discussed.
Dihydromyricetin improves rhythm by anti-oxidative stress damage in sleep deprivation Drosophila

ABSTRACT Consistently sleeping 5 hours or less per night will increase the development of various health issues. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) could reduce oxidative stress and promote longevity, but its effectiveness in alleviating sleep deprivation remains unclear. Thus, we established a sleep-deprived Drosophila model by prolonged illumination, named light-prolonged Drosophila (LPD), to explore this problem. Results showed that DHM enhanced the sleep quality of the LPD and expanded their lifespan, by reducing their nocturnal activities, decreasing intestinal epithelial cell mortality, and restoring glucose and glutathione levels. Transcriptome analysis and RT-qPCR results showed that DHM has the potential to modulate Drosophila’s gut immunity and mitigate mitochondrial oxidative stress. Furthermore, we found that DHM can inhibit the expression of TIM, Pi3k, and TOR, then decrease Tsc1, while simultaneously promoting FoxO and Thor. In conclusion, DHM could be used as an effective intervention for enhancing sleep quality and counteracting the detrimental of sleep deprivation on lifespan.
Learning analytics for academic paths: student evaluations of two dashboards for study planning and monitoring

An in-depth understanding of student experiences and evaluations of learning analytics dashboards (LADs) is needed to develop supportive learning analytics tools. This study investigates how students (N = 140) evaluated two student-facing LADs as a support for academic path-level self-regulated learning (SRL) through the concrete processes of planning and monitoring studies. Aim of the study was to gain new understanding about student perspectives for LAD use on academic path-level context. The study specifically focused on the student evaluations of the dashboard support and challenges, and the differences of student evaluations based on their self-efficacy beliefs and resource management strategies. The findings revealed that students evaluated dashboard use helpful for their study planning and monitoring, while the challenge aspects mostly included further information needs and development ideas. Students with higher self-efficacy evaluated the dashboards as more helpful for study planning than those with lower self-efficacy, and students with lower help seeking skills evaluated the dashboards as more helpful for study monitoring than those with higher help seeking skills. The results indicate that the design of LAD can help students to focus on different aspects of study planning and monitoring and that students with different beliefs and capabilities might benefit from different LAD designs and use practices. The study provides theory-informed approach for investigating LAD use in academic path-level context and extends current understanding of students as users of LADs.
A skill assessment of techniques for real-time diagnosis and short-term prediction of tornado intensity using the WSR-88D

Recent advancements in the science of tornado detection have allowed the National Weather Service (NWS) Warning Decision Training Division to incorporate real-time tornado intensity estimation into guidance available to NWS forecasters. This guidance focuses specifically on differentiating between strong/violent (EF2+) and weak (EF0–1) tornadoes. This study evaluates the skill of a portion of that guidance, specifically the quantification of the relationship between rotational velocity signatures and the height of tornadic debris signatures (TDSs) with observed EF-scale tornado damage. The guidance is found to be sufficiently skillful at diagnosing tornado intensity. Perhaps most usefully, when attempting to differentiate between weak and strong/violent tornadoes in real-time, skill scores peak at the threshold of 20.57 m s –1 (40 kt) of rotational velocity when the velocity couplet is combined with a TDS. Skill sufficient for operational decision making also is evaluated and found in other permutations of rotational velocity, with and without a TDS, and the guidance regarding the height of the TDS. Beyond realtime diagnosis, several subjectively analyzed radar parameters show skill within the dataset at differentiating between strong/violent and weak tornadoes with lead times of 2–3 volume scans.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Built up areas in a wet landscape are stepping stones for soaring flight in a seabird

in order to reduce their transport costs, even in landscapes where thermal uplift isn't prevalent. We explore thermal soaring over land in lesser black-backed gulls by using high-resolution GPS tracking to characterise individual instances of thermal soaring and detailed energy exchange modelling to map the thermal landscape which gulls experience. We determinethatlesserblack-backedgullsareregularlyabletoundertakethermalsoaring,eveninawettemperateland-scape below sea level. By examining the relationship between lesser black-backed gull ﬂ ight, thermal uplift and land use,wedeterminethatbuiltupareas,particularlytownsandcities,providethermaluplifthotspotswhichlesserblack-backed gulls preferentially make use of, resulting in more opportunities for energy saving ﬂ ight through thermal soaring.
Central Lancashire Online Knowledge (CLoK)

With the intensification of problems relating to the environment, a growing number of consumers are becoming more ecologically conscious in their preferences and purchases of goods. This paper presents the results of a study conducted among 500 Cypriot consumers, focusing on the factors that shape consumer environmental attitudes and behaviour, as well as on the resulting outcomes. The findings confirmed that both the inward and outward environmental attitudes of a consumer are positively influenced by his/her degree of collectivism, long-term orientation, political involvement, deontology, and law obedience, but have no connection with liberalism. The adoption of an inward environmental attitude was also found to be conducive to green purchasing behaviour that ultimately leads to high product satisfaction. On the other hand, an outward environmental attitude facilitates the adoption of a general environmental behaviour, which is responsible for greater satisfaction with life. The findings of the study have important implications for shaping effective company offerings to consumers in target markets, as well as formulating appropriate policies at the governmental level to enhance environmental sensitivity among citizens.
New contribution to the palaeoichnology and taphonomy of the Ahníkov fossil site, Early Miocene, Most Basin (the Czech Republic)

Abstract The material of Machichnus regularis and Machichnus multilineatus was re-examined with respect to the potential tracemaker. New characters were defined for M. multilineatus – scratch profile with flat horizontal bottom and undulated microrelief of scratches. Based on these characters and additional information, both previously suggested tracemakers (beavers and porcupines) are rejected and a new one – a large squirrel is proposed. The squirrel origin of gnawing traces is additionally supported by actuopalaeontologic study on gnawing behaviour of recent red squirrels. On this basis, squirrels are recognized as overlooked but important taphonomic agents in Late Cenozoic assemblages. The tracemaker of M. regularis was not unambiguously recognized, but a connection with smaller squirrel or aplodontid species seems probable.
Aerosol pollution from gas flaring emissions in the Niger Delta region of West Africa

Gas flaring, the disposal of gas through stacks in an open-air flame, is a common feature in the processing of crude oil, especially in oil-rich regions of the world. The rates of emission of pollutants from gas flaring depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, fuel composition and quantity, stack geometry, flame/combustion characteristics, and prevailing meteorological conditions. In this work, new estimated emission factors (EFs) for carbon-containing pollutants (excluding PAH) are derived for a specified subset of flame condition. The air pollution dispersion model, ADMS5, is used to simulate the dispersion of pollutants from gas-flaring stacks in the Niger delta. Fuel composition and flare size play significant role in the dispersion pattern and ground-level concentrations of pollutants. To assess the significance of gas-flaring to atmospheric aerosol loading, AERONET aerosol signals are clustered using trajectory analysis to identify dominant aerosol sources at the Ilorin site (4.34o E, 8.32o N) in West Africa. From 7-day back-trajectory calculations over a 10-year period calculated using the UK Universities Global Atmospheric Modelling Programme (UGAMP) trajectory model, which is driven by analyses from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), dominant sources are identified, using literature classifications: desert dust, biomass burning, and urban-industrial. Using a combination of synoptic trajectories and aerosol optical properties, a fourth source is distinguished: that due to gas flaring. An estimation of the relative impact of these different aerosol sources on the overall radiative forcing at the Ilorin AERONET site was the carried out.
Reconstruction of the S-wave velocity structure of crust and mantle from seismic surface wave dispersion in Sichuan-Yunnan Region

We apply the technique of matched filter frequency time analysis to process long period surface wave data covering Sichuan and Yunnan regions,and then obtain the surface wave group velocity dispersion in the period range 10～100s.Then we use the grid inversion method to extract pure path dispersion in the grid of 1.5°×1.5°after getting the distance and time in the grid of the study area by ray tracing,at the same time,we employ the damped least-square method to determine the crust-mantle S wave velocity structure in the Sichuan and Yunnan region.The result shows that the crust of the region is thickened and shortened.In spite of some local low velocity anomalies,the crust and uppermost mantle of the rhombic Chuan-Dian block as a whole have relatively high velocity as compared with the surrounding areas.The peripheral strike-slipping faults display negative velocity anomalies down to the top of upper mantle,which facilitates the lateral extrusion of crustal blocks along the faults.The high conductivity layer in the crust and upper mantle in western Yunnan and Sichuan is connected with partial melting or detachment structure.The average depth of Moho of Sichuan basin is about 48 km.The Moho in Yunnan reaches 58 km in the north end and is about 51 km in the south end,which proves that different blocks are affected differently by tectonic movement.