Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Unicortical Locking Screw Placement for Torsional Loads in Distal Radius Fractures: A Biomechanical Study in Cadavers

Background We aimed to compare bio-mechanical outcomes of short-length 75%-length uni-cortical screw (SL75UCS) and full-length 100%-length screws (FL100S) under axial compression (AXC) and torsional compression (TRC) in cadaveric distal radius volar plate model. Methodology A total of 20 wrists from 10 fresh frozen cadavers were included. A 2.5 mm titanium alloy distal radius anatomical plate was placed to the distal radii in full anatomical position, just proximal to the watershed line. Three bi-cortical screws to the shaft of the radius, followed by uni-cortical drilling for distal screwing were placed. Measurement by pulling the drill once it reached the opposite cortex was applied. We selected the screw lengths such that they corresponded to the SL75UCS. In the same configuration for each of the cadavers, we delivered six screws from distal radius holes of the anatomical plate. An oscillating handsaw was used to create an extra-articular distal radius fracture model (AO 23-A3.2). We created a dorsal AP model by performing a 1-cm wedge osteotomy from the dorsal aspect. Complete separation of the volar cortex was achieved. Potting was performed by embedding the shaft of the prepared radius into the polyurethane medium. We placed aluminum apparatus into the distal end to ensure applying of AXC and TRC in bio-mechanistic tests. Results No statistically significant difference of stiffness between the SL75UCS and FL100S both under AXC (p=0.88) and TRC (p=0.82). SL75UCS and FL100S groups did not differ in elastic limit under AXC (p=0.71) and TRC (p=0.71). Maximal force on SL75UCS and FL100S groups were also similar under both AXC (p=0.71) and TRC (p=0.50). Conclusions Our study findings suggest that drilling the dorsal cortex may not be necessary in the management of distal radius fractures. Instead, utilizing SL75UCS could serve as a viable alternative. This approach offers potential advantages in reducing the risk of extensor tendon complications associated with drilling or screw protrusion. It is a safe method under torsional load to avoid drilling of the dorsal cortex and SL75UCS could be performed in order to prevent from extensor tendon complications secondary to drilling or screw protrusion.
Dengue virus RNA quantification through PCR: what is the best cost-effective approach?

Detection via PCR is a fast, sensitive, and highly specific method. However, the cost for testing through this technique is quite high, mainly because of the costs of the kits that are used. We looked for the best cost-effective alternative for Dengue virus (DENV) detection via PCR through the evaluation, optimization, and comparison of RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription - PCR) and RT-qPCR (Reverse Transcription– qPCR) detection kits. The biological material was samples of blood serum collected from 40 Brazilian patients suspected of DENV infection. Two reaction final volumes were tested for diagnosis via RT-PCR, 12.5 µL and 25 µL, and diagnosis via RT-qPCR was performed using the two-step approach with the Sybr Green detection system. An analysis of the associated cost for each approach was also made. Analysis via RT-PCR allowed viral RNA amplification from 27 samples, independent of the final reaction volume tested. Diagnosis via RT-qPCR enabled virus identification from 33 samples. The costs per reaction for the RT-PCR technique were US$ 2.91 and US$ 2.41 American dollars for the final reaction volumes of 25 µL and 12.5 µL, respectively. For the RT-qPCR technique, the reaction cost was found to be US$ 2.30. The comparison between
Nuclear reactions: Testing a message-centered extension of enduring predictions about expert and lay person perceptions of and reactions to risk

Title of Dissertation: NUCLEAR REACTIONS: TESTING A MESSAGE-CENTERED EXTENSION OF ENDURING PREDICTIONS ABOUT EXPERT AND LAY PERSON PERCEPTIONS OF AND REACTIONS TO RISK Sarah Anne Evans, Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Dissertation Directed By: Professor Monique M. Turner Department of Communication The purpose of this dissertation was to critically examine differences in risk perceptions among experts and lay people. In particular, this project aimed to address inconsistent definitions of ―expert‖ found in the existing literature and to test the predictions of the psychometric paradigm in the context of communication. To examine the effect of message features and expertise on risk perceptions and evaluations of risk characteristics, this dissertation employed a 2 (emotional appeal: fear, anger) x 2 (message topic: nuclear energy, traffic accidents) x 4 (expertise: general risk assessors, traffic safety experts, nuclear energy experts, lay people) between-participants design. The results replicated some findings of the existing research. First, in the main, experts reported lower risk perceptions than lay people. Second, expressed fear led to increased risk perceptions compared to expressed anger. This study also advanced theory regarding risk perception and risk communication in two critical ways. First, differences were found not only between experts and lay people but also among the various expert groups, and, even in the expert groups, these differences were influenced in meaningful ways by the messages viewed. Second, this study demonstrated the potential for messages to affect not only risk perceptions but also the evaluation of risk characteristics, a possibility not previously tested. Specifically, the findings indicated that emotional appeals and message topic can affect evaluations of risk characteristics for risks both related to the message and unrelated to the message. The messages’ effects on evaluations of risk characteristics were, in fact, more pronounced than the effects of the messages on general risk perceptions. The results suggest the factors argued to be predictive of risk perception (dread risk and knowledge risk), presented previously as characteristics inherent to risks rather than as targets for influence, can be altered through strategic communication. Both theoretical and applied implications of these results are discussed, and recommendations for future research are provided. NUCLEAR REACTIONS: TESTING A MESSAGE-CENTERED EXTENSION OF ENDURING PREDICTIONS ABOUT EXPERT AND LAY PERSON PERCEPTIONS OF AND REACTIONS TO RISK
Marxist Perspectives on South Korea in the Global Economy

Contents: Preface Introduction Marxist perspectives on South Korea in the global economy, Martin Hart-Landsberg, Seongjin Jeong and Richard Westra Part 1 Marxian Method and South Korean Capitalism: Introduction Trend of Marxian ratios in Korea: 1970a "2003, Seongjin Jeong Uneven development of the rates of surplus value: the case of South Korea, Dong-Min Rieu State, market, and stages of capitalism in South Korean development, Richard Westra. Part 2 The South Korean Economy in Global Perspective: Introduction China and the dynamics of transnational capital accumulation, Martin Hart-Landsberg and Paul Burkett Changing patterns of accumulation and realization in East Asia since the 1990s, Joseph Halevi and Peter Kriesler. Part 3 The South Korean Economy in Historical Perspectives: Introduction Land reform and capitalist development in Korea, Sang-Hwan Jang A critical appraisal of the Park Chung Hee system, Soohaeng Kim and Seung-Ho Park. Part 4 The South Korean Economy into the Future: Introduction The South Korean economy: problems and prospects, Martin Hart-Landsberg When capital becomes society: the re-composition of capitalist work and new labor activism in Korea, Dae-oup Chang Appendix: major political and economic events in Korea, 1945a "2006 References Index.
STORM WATER INFILTRATION

An investigation was carried out in order to study different ways of collecting rain water to achieve increased ground water recharge. Particularly the function of percolation storage were studied. Observations were recorded for about one year on three different sites in Central Sweden. The storm water was conducted to a store consisting of porous fill, below the ground surface. From this store the water slowly percolated through surrounding layers of soils to the ground water surface. The observations from the different sites are reviewed and discussed in the articles. There were no observations of tendencies to clog. A discussion of different types of percolation stores and their dimension problems (volume, bottom surface) is included as well as the factors which influence performance. The artificial percolation method is compared to other methods for storm water runoff.
The distribution of foraminifera in the surface sediments of the Clyde River Estuary and Bateman¿s Bay (New South Wales, Australia)

Se analizaron 32 muestras de foraminiferos recogidas en sedimentos superficiales del estuario del Rio Clyde y en la Bahia de Bateman (Nueva Gales del Sur, Australia). Se han reconocido seis asociaciones de foraminiferos, de las cuales dos parecen reflejar factores geomorfologicos, incluido un frente deltaico mareal. El resto de las asociaciones parecen indicar un incremento de la salinidad, desde la asociacion con Ammonia beccarii de baja salinidad, hasta una salinidad mayor (de tipo marino normal) dominada por Elphidium spp. El conocimiento de estas asociaciones permite la reconstruccion del desarrollo del estuario durante el Holoceno, asi como la carecterizacion de depositos de alta energia debidos probablemente a tsunamis o tormentas.
Effect of fungicidal seed treatment on yield parameters of cowpea

India is supremely based upon the agricultural productivity as well as the quantity of grains and pulses produced for fulfilling the food and fodder needs of the huge population. With the focus on production we need the seed treatment which refer to the application of particular agents (physical, chemical or biological) to the seeds before sowing with the motive to suppress, control or repel various pathogens, insects and pests that can attack seed, seedling or plant. Generally, it ranges from a basic dressing to coating and pelleting. The present study was undertaken with the view to accesses the impact of pre sowing seed treatment on yield and different characters related with it in cowpea. The different pre sowing seed treatments showed different responses against all the seed quality attributes. Three different fungicidal seed treatments were done namely, captan, vita-vax and Bavistin. Among all the treatments control exhibited the poorest performance for all seven seed yield related attributes
Patterns and Correlates of Physical Symptoms among People with Peripheral Neuropathy

Background: As the population ages and more people are affected by multiple chronic conditions, the prevalence of Peripheral Neuropathy (PN) has also rapidly increased. This swift rise in PN leaves clinicians and patients challenged by a lack of consistent diagnosis and treatment guidelines. Purpose: To assist those affected by PN, it is imperative to understand the breadth of symptoms, experiences, and factors related to the quality of life. The primary aims of this study are to (1) characterize the symptoms of PN in a nationwide sample; (2) discern differences in symptom clusters, given perceived causes of PN; and (3) identify significant physiological symptoms related to the quality of life for people with PN. Methods: An online survey of people in online PN support groups. Participants were recruited primarily via an open request sent to recipients of web-based communications from nationally recognized online PN support groups. Inclusion criteria were as follows: Self-reported diagnosis of PN, ability to read English or Spanish, residence in the U.S., and age ≥ 18 years. Results: A total of 608 individuals with PN were included in the analysis. This sample represents 49 U.S. states and the District of Colombia; 221 were male and 387 female. Their disease severity and etiology were similar to previously reported information on this population, with 53.3% of respondents suffering from PN without a known cause. Among known causes, diabetes was the most common (19.6%), followed by chemotherapy (6.9%) and autoimmune diseases (3.6%). Factors affecting the quality of life among people with PN included lower extremity mobility, upper extremity mobility, sleep disturbance, depressive symptoms, and patient activation.
Cost-effective strategies for the long-term management of diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health problem that afflicted approximately 29.1 million Americans in 2012 (CDC, 2014). The estimated cost of diabetes in the United States in 2012 was $245 billion, including $176 billion in direct medical costs and $69 billion in reduced productivity (ADA, 2013a). To reach a diagnosis of DM, a clinician generally relies on fasting plasma glucose (FPG), the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and/or the Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test (ADA, 2013b). Current noninsulin antidiabetic medications include sulfonylureas, GLP-1 analogues, DPP-4 inhibitors, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, and SGLT2 inhibitors (Kaiser & Oetjen, 2014). Insulin therapies include basal (long-acting insulin analogues), biphasic (premixed insulin analogues), prandial (short-acting insulin analogues), and basal bolus (a combination of long-acting and short-acting insulin analogues) (Esposito et al., 2012). The aim of this study is to review the existing literature on the cost effectiveness of diabetes interventions to develop a standardized protocol for early type 2 diabetes care that can be delivered through primary care providers. The substantial cost effectiveness of preventative measures, including ad campaigns and outreach programs, has already been established (Mendis & Chestnov,
Relationship between Facial Parameters and Third Molar Impaction in Various Sagittal Malocclusions - A Radiographic Study

Introduction: The mandibular third molar impaction is due to the inadequate space between the distal of the second mandibular molar and the anterior border of the ascending ramus of the mandible. Aim: To correlate the facial parameters with mandibular third molar impaction in various sagittal skeletal malocclusions. Materials and Method: 100 Panoramic and lateral Cephalometric radiographs were included. The sample was then divided into 2 groups as Group 1 (N=49, Skeletal Class I malocclusion) and Group 2 (N=51, Skeletal Class II malocclusion). Third molar impaction was classified on the basis of winter’s classification. Various skeletal facial parameters were recorded for both the groups and analyzed statistically. Result: The mean value of Mandibular corpus length, Gonial angle and Ascending ramus length was increased in Group 1 than in Group 2 and was found to be statistically non-significant (p=0.25), (p=0.85) and (p=0.78) respectively whereas Occlusal plane angle and facial axis was found to be increased in Group 2 than in Group 1 and was found to be statistically non-significant (p=0.59), (p=0.80). When Winter’s classification was compared between Group 1 and Group 2 it was found than Group 1 had increased Mesioangular impactions with 85.7% prevalence and Group 2 had Horizontal impactions with 14.2% and were found to be statistically non-significant. Further, regression model analysis predicted that the degree of correlation was very less (R=0.1) when winters classification was correlated with facial parameters. Conclusion: Skeletal parameters did not affect the eruption of mandibular third molars.
Using Music in Instruction to Teach Non-Music Content: Teachers’ Perceptions and Practices from across the Curriculum

:- In efforts to engage students in learning, teachers may engage in a range of instructional approaches, including using music. Music has been used effectively to teach reading and other skills and has been found to increase student learning and knowledge retention. However, K-12 teachers are no longer commonly prepared to teach using music and rely on music specialists for any music instruction. The lack of preparation led us to wonder, what are the perceptions and practices of K-12 teachers across the curriculum for using music for instruction. In our exploratory study, we surveyed 167 teachers and found low levels of preparation and comfort, support for using music in teaching, recognition of benefits to student motivation to learn, and increases retention of content. We found differences by grade levels and relationship to years of teaching and class size. Following our results, we discuss our findings, the implications, and considerations for practice.
Comparative Study of Proximate and Mineral Composition of selected varieties of rice Oryza sativa L.

The study investigated and compared the proximate and mineral composition of three local varieties of Nigeria rice(Igbemo, Benue, and Faro 60 variety) and one foreign rice variety, namely, Aroso. This investigation was carried out, using standard method of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, [5,6]. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the mineral content. The results showed that the moisture level was lowest in Faro 60 (8.36 %), while the highest value was obtained in Igbemo rice variety. Faro 60 recorded the highest (1.48 %) fat content. The highest crude protein (8.34 %) was found in Igbemo variety followed by Benue (8.15 %). The least protein was recorded in Faro 60 variety. All four rice varieties recorded high carbohydrate content, ranging from 77.15 % to 82.70 %. Faro 60 variety recorded the highest (82.72 %) followed by Aroso (80.30 %) and Benue (78.15 %) while the least (77.15 %) carbohydrate content was recorded inIgbemo rice variety. The highest (1.53 %) fibre was recordedIgbemo variety while the fibre contents in the remaining varieties were not significantly different.Igbemo and Benue rice varieties recorded the highest (1.19 % and 1.20 % respectively) ash content. Potassium and phosphorus were more abundant but lead (Pb) was not discovered. The highest minerals obtained in the rice varieties are follows: Sodium (6.20 mg/100g) in Igbemo, Potassium (118.25 mg/100g) in Igbemo, Calcium (29.20 mg/100g) in Faro 60, Phosphorus (120.40mg/100g) in Faro 60, Zinc (1.98mg/100g) in Faro 60. Magnesium(24.74 mg/100g) in Aroso, Iron (4.60 mg/100g) in Aroso, Manganese (1.80 mg/100g) in Aroso.Copper (0.22mg/100g) in Aroso. The local varieties of rice were nutritious and compared favourably well with the foreign rice, hence their consumption should be encouraged and awareness should be created among the populace.
Costs and returns in zero budget natural farming vis-à-vis Conventional farming in Paddy crop in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh

The study is based on comparative economics of Zero budget natural farming VS Conventional farming in paddy crop rice in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh. The primary data related to cost and returns of paddy crop was collected from 120 paddy farmers of six villages of Kurnool district using Random Sampling technique. The objective of the study was to compare the costs and returns in both the methods of farming in Paddy. The results revealed that the per hectare cost of cultivation was less in ZBNF method as compared to Conventional method i
Response of Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Cultivars to Humic Acid, Mineral and Biofertilization under Calcareous Soil Conditions

Two field experiments were carried out in the farm of SRTA-City during the winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014, to study the response, productivity and quality of two barley varieties (Giza 2000 and Giza 123) in calcareous soil (<32.5% CaCO 3 ) to different doses of humic acid, mineral nitrogen fertilizer, and mycorrhizal-biofertilization alone or combined treatments. Results indicated that, except for 1000 kernel weight (g), cultivar Giza 2000 was significantly surpassed Giza 123 and gave more numbers of grains/spike (45.56), number of tillers m -2 (206.75), number of spikes m -2 (196.73), biological yield (3.44 ton fed -1 ), grain yield (1.17 ton fed -1 ) and straw yield (2.27 ton fed - 1 ). The addition of 65 kg N fed -1 combined with 2 kg humic acid improved the quality, chemical composition and yield of barley. Seed inoculation with Mycorrhizae when combined with 50% P 2 O 5 fed -1 increased grain yield. The recommended treatment was the addition of 65 kg N fed -1 with 2 kg humic acid and mycorrhizal inoculation to obtain the best yield of barley.There was a degree of host specificity of biofertilization inoculation which was clearly obvious from the better response of cultivar Giza 2000 to treatments, suggesting that this cultivar more suitable to be biofertilized and cultivated in calcareous soil than the other cultivar and the results reflected the importance for selecting the proper cultivar which fit the cultivation and production of barley in such alkaline soils.
Are Two Heads Be�er Than One in AI-Assisted Decision Making? Comparing the Behavior and Performance of Groups and Individuals in Human-AI Collaborative Recidivism Risk Assessment

With the prevalence of AI assistance in decision making, a more relevant question to ask than the classical question of “are two heads better than one? ” is how groups’ behavior and performance in AI-assisted decision making compare with those of individuals’. In this paper, we conduct a case study to compare groups and individuals in human-AI collaborative recidivism risk assessment along six aspects, including decision accuracy and con�dence, appropriateness of reliance on AI, understanding of AI, decision-making fairness, and willingness to take accountability. Our results highlight that compared to individuals, groups rely on AI models more regardless of their correctness, but they are more con�dent when they overturn incorrect AI recommendations. We also �nd that groups make fairer decisions than individuals according to the accuracy equality criterion, and groups are willing to give AI more credit when they make correct decisions. We conclude by discussing the implications of our work.
Evaluation of telemedicine for new outpatient neurological consultations

Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has broadened the use of teleneurology, how this compares with face-to-face (F2F) clinics is unclear. This study compared virtual with F2F new neurological consultations. Methods We retrospectively evaluated new outpatient consultations in neurology clinics in Aberdeen Royal Infirmary. We compared sociodemographic data, time to consultation, time to diagnosis, the need for reassessment and re-investigation between traditional F2F and virtual clinics using the web-based Attend Anywhere platform or telephone into patients’ own homes (or chosen location) without a trained assistant. We calculated the relative risk (RR) of the need for reassessment and re-investigation over 6-month periods by the suspected neurological diagnosis. Results 73% of consultations were virtual (Attend Anywhere or telephone) between June and October 2020, this was almost non-existent (<0.1%) in June–October 2019. We analysed 352 F2F (June–July 2019) and 225 virtual consultations (June–July 2020). Compared with F2F clinics, virtual clinics had a longer time to diagnosis (p=0.019), were more likely to be reassessed (RR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.5 to 3.2; p<0.0001) and re-investigated (RR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.88 to 2.54; p=0.133), this was likelier in those aged ≥60 years. Patients with headaches and suspected seizures were less likely to need reassessment or re-investigation following virtual clinics than multiple sclerosis and neuroinflammatory disorders, spinal cord disorders and functional neurological disorders. Conclusion This study demonstrates that virtual clinics have higher rates of reassessment and re-investigation than F2F clinics. As virtual clinics become a potential consultation alternative, this study should instruct the selection of patients for either consultation type.