Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CMAR_A_275003 337..349

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, People’s Republic of China Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a horrible malignancy derived from liver. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act important roles in the pathogenesis and progression of human diseases, including HCC. The current assay intended to investigate the function of circRNA lowdensity lipoprotein receptor (circ_LDLR) in HCC and clarify the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods: Expression of circ_LDLR, microRNA (miR)-7 and ring finger protein 38 (RNF38) was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or Western blot analysis. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Cell colony formation ability and viability were examined by colony formation and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays, respectively. Levels of cell proliferation and epitheliamesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarker proteins were analyzed via Western blot assay. Cell migration and invasion were monitored by Transwell assay, and target relationship between miR-7 and circ_LDLR or RNF38 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Xenograft model was established to explore the role of circ_LDLR in vivo. Results: Expression of circ_LDLR and RNF38 was upregulated, but miR-7 expression was downregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Circ_LDLR knockdown significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT in HCC cells. Circ_LDLR acted as a sponge of miR7, and interference of miR-7 could attenuate circ_LDLR knockdown-induced inhibitory effects on malignant behaviors of HCC cells. Besides, miR-7 also repressed cell proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells, by targeting RNF38. Depletion of circ_LDLR could suppress tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: Depletion of circ_LDLR restrained HCC cell proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis through the regulation on miR-7/RNF38 axis, affording a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
(A)SYMMETRIES IN TAGALOG RELATIVE CLAUSE PROCESSING*

We report the results of a picture-selection experiment in Tagalog that examined (i) whether the object relative clauses (ORCs) were more difficult to process than subject relative clauses (SRCs) and (ii) if so, whether the relative order of the head noun and the RC modulated this asymmetry. We found that ORCs were more difficult to process than SRCs when the RC was head-initial. This asymmetry was neutralized, however, when the RC was head-final. Even though the participants’ selection ultimately showed neutralization, we found evidence for an asymmetry in how quickly they offered correct responses.
Traumatic Upper and Lower Limb Amputations of Saudi Arabian Locals: A Ten-year Epidemiological Overview

Background: There is a scarcity of understanding about the region-specific trends and relations of amputation-related parameters for Saudi Arabia. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to study the epidemiology of a cross-section of the Saudi Arabian population that has undergone upper or lower limb amputation due to trauma in terms of epidemiological parameters (age, gender, and side of amputation) in the past ten years. Methods: Medical records of five tertiary care hospitals of Saudi Arabia were retrieved to collect data. Results: Data of 245 amputees was analyzed (age: 28.04 ± 23.31 years), out of which 71.42% were male (male: female = 5: 2). The frequency of amputations in five tertiary care hospitals in Saudi Arabia was inversely related to the amputees' age group. No significant relationship of gender was found with the level of amputation. However, a significant relationship was found between annual distribution and level of amputation (p = 0.036). Conclusion: Year of amputation had a significant relationship with the level of amputation. Further studies can categorize these amputations according to trauma type to further explore the relationship between demographic parameters and amputation level.
Aminated chitosan-g-poly(butyl acrylate) copolymer for heavy oil spills removal: kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic investigations

The kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic investigations of the heavy oil spills removal by aminated chitosan-g-poly(butyl acrylate) copolymer have been carried in this study. The kinetic studies of the heavy oil spills removal by both adsorption and absorption processes were carried out using different models namely; pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich models. The oil diffusion control process studied by both intraparticle diffusion and Boyd diffusion models. The isotherm of the removal process under equilibrium conditions was investigated by Langmuir, Freundlich isotherm, and Temkin models. Furthermore, the thermodynamic of the process has been also depicted. The obtained results indicated the removal process followed the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order in a very good way and followed both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The maximum monolayer sorption capacity was found as 41.49, 84.0, and 100.0 g/g for aminated chitosan, aminated chitosan-g-poly(butyl acrylate) 10, and aminated chitosan-g-poly(butyl acrylate) 20, respectively. The thermodynamic studies revealed that sorption was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
Two-dimensional tantalum disulfide: controlling structure and properties via synthesis

Tantalum disulfide (TaS2) is a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) that exhibits phase transition induced electronic property modulation at low temperature. However, the appropriate phase must be grown to enable the semiconductor/metal transition that is of interest for next generation electronic applications. In this work, we demonstrate direct and controllable synthesis of ultra-thin 1T-TaS2 and 2H-TaS2 on a variety of substrates (sapphire, SiO2/Si, and graphene) via powder vapor deposition. The synthesis process leads to single crystal domains ranging from 20 to 200 nm thick and 1–10 µm on a side. The TaS2 phase (1T or 2H) is controlled by synthesis temperature, which subsequently is shown to control the electronic properties. Furthermore, this work constitutes the first demonstration of a metal–insulator phase transition in directly synthesized 1T-TaS2 films and domains by electronic means.
VMRR_A_289721 1..6

1Unit of Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 4Department of Paraclinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Abstract: Brucellosis is an infectious and widespread zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella and can induce considerable human suffering and huge economic losses in animals. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in Ethiopia. PubMed, Science Direct, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar were used to search the articles. All references were screened and articles, which reported seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in Ethiopia were included in the study. Meta-analysis using random-effects models was made to calculate the pooled seroprevalence of brucellosis. This review included 15 papers. The estimated pooled seroprevalence of brucellosis was found to be 3.0% (95% CI: 2.0, 4.0). The subgroup analysis showed that there was a statistically significant association between the disease and geographical location, setting, laboratory technique employed and study years. Also, there was some evidence of publication bias (Egger’s test, p = 0.0003) on studies reporting the prevalence of brucellosis in Ethiopia. This review proves a high seroprevalence of brucellosis in the country and appropriate control strategies are recommended. Moreover, further study on the risk factors is also required to develop cost-effective preventive strategies.
Analysis of the influence of audit delay on return on equity and cost of debt of Brazilian publicly traded companies

Within the context of the importance of accounting information for the main sources of corporate funds, the objective of the study was to analyze the impact of audit delay on Standardized Financial Statements (SFS) disclosure to investors and banking institutions. The research considered Brazilian publicly traded companies in the quarterly period from 2010 to 2017, via correlation tests, mean difference, panel data regression and quantile regression. The results indicated that there were different reactions between investors and banks, that is, audit delay did not have a negative impact on return on equity, but it was negative in terms of cost of debt. This suggests that investors and banks have different perceptions of audit delay in SFS disclosure. Thus, the study indicates to companies the need to reflect on the opportunity cost of a larger audit delay in SFS disclosure, especially when the objective is financing via banking institutions.
Real-Time Transition Risk

We develop a point-in-time index to approximate changes in transition risk from climate-related news events. We overcome the assumption that “no news is good news on climate” inherent in previous research as we specifically consider news to signal an increase or a decrease in the external pressure towards a shift to a lower-carbon economy. We evaluate the return sensitivity of publicly available green minus brown (GMB) portfolio proxies that apply different approaches to measure a firms’ environmental performance based on investors’ climate objectives. We find that short-term transition risk tends to affect stock prices based on firms’ business activity but not emissions.
Shareholder Litigation, Market Efficiency, and Financial Misreporting

This paper studies the economic e ects of endowing a large investor with litigation rights for her incentives to acquire and trade on private information. Anticipating ex post reimbursement lowers the expected cost of purchasing stock, which leads the investor to take a larger position upon observing favorable information such that stock prices re ect more private information. However, under certain circumstances the investor's incentives to acquire information weaken. Litigation rights improve (impair) market e ciency if the investor's information acquisition costs are large (small). In addition, a myopic manager's incentives to misreport nancial information are inversely proportional to market e ciency, implying that litigation rights lead to less (more) misreporting for large (small) information acquisition costs.
Response of Alfalfa under Salt Stress to the Application of Potassium Sulfate Nanoparticles

A greenhouse study was conducted to explore the effect of various rates of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) nanoparticles on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth and physiological response under salt stress. One salt-tolerant genotype (Mesa-Sirsa) and one salt-sensitive genotype (Bulldog 505) were selected based on germination under salt and were planted in pots containing 2 kg of sand. The two genotypes were subjected to 0 and 6 dS·m-1 salt levels using CaCl2·2H2O: NaCl (2:1) mixed with Hoagland solution. Three K2SO4 nanoparticle treatments consisting of, 1/4, 1/8, and 1/10 of the potassium (K) level in full strength Hoagland solution (235 mg·L-1) were applied. Adding K2SO4 nanoparticles at the 1/8 level resulted in the highest shoot dry weight, relative yield, root length and root dry weight in both genotypes. The different rates of K2SO4 nanoparticles affected significantly Na/K ratio and the concentrations of Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), and Zinc (Zn) in plant tissue. The application of K2SO4 nanoparticles at the 1/8 rate enhanced the plant’s physiological response to salt stress by reducing electrolyte leakage, increasing catalase and proline content, and increasing antioxidant enzymes, activity. These results suggest that the application of K nanoparticles may have better efficiency than conventional K fertilizers in providing adequate plant nutrition and overcoming the negative effects of salt stress in alfalfa.
Structural Estimation Combining Micro and Macro Data

This paper introduces a novel approach for estimating heterogeneous-agent macroeconomic models adding information from micro data. The methodology covers both panels and repeated cross sections, with applications to a wide class of dynamic structural models used in macroeconomics. The routine involves the estimation of dynamic moments over subgroups of the cross-sectional dimension of agents. Micro moments differ from each other in the informative content that they carry for point estimation of the structural parameters. For instance, variability of moments over the cross-sectional distribution of households' wealth contain relevant information for the correct estimation of the subjective discount rate. However, data from the cross section are not relevant for the identification of a technology shock.
Conflict in the Pool: A Field Experiment

We conduct a field experiment on conflict in swimming pools. When all lanes are occupied, an actor joins the least crowded lane and asks one of the swimmers to move to another lane. The lane represents a contested scarce resource. We vary the actor’s valuation (high and low) for the good through the message they deliver. Also, we take advantage of the natural variation in the number of swimmers to proxy for their valuation. Consistent with theoretical predictions, a swimmer’s propensity to engage in conflict increases in scarcity (incentive effect) and decreases in the actor’s valuation (discouragement effect). We complement the results with survey evidence.
Picking Partners: Manager Selection in Private Equity

We study the selection of private equity managers (GPs) for over 100,000 capital commitments between 1990 and 2019 by global institutional investors (LPs) choosing from a plausible contemporaneous opportunity set. LPs have large propensities to select first-time or young GPs without a performance history, in addition to chasing 4th quartile managers. LPs also have tendency to follow their peers’ investment decisions, to reinvest in the same GP, and to invest in GPs domiciled in the same state/country. These selection criteria, however, do not provide information material for future performance, and in the case of first-time GPs result in lower future performance.
Avoiding the Cost of your Conscience: Belief Dependent Preferences and Information Acquisition

Pro-social individuals face a trade-off between their monetary and moral motives. Hence, they may be tempted to exploit the uncertainty in their decision environment in order to reconcile this trade-off. In this paper, we investigate whether individuals with belief-dependent preferences avoid the monetary cost of behaving according to their moral standards by strategically acquiring information about others' expectations. We test the predicitions of an information acquisition model in an online experiment. We use a modified trust-game in which we introduce uncertainty about the second movers' beliefs about first-movers' expectations. Our design enables to (i) identify participants with belief-based preferences and (ii) investigate their information acquisition strategy. Consistent with our predictions of subjective preferences, we find that most individuals classified as belief-dependent strategically select their source of information to avoid the cost of their conscience.
Are Exchange Rates More Volatile with Greater Uncertainty? Evidence from the PHP/USD Exchange Rate Using GARCH-MIDAS Models

This study explores the relationship between policy-related economic uncertainty and the volatility of the PHP/USD exchange rate returns. The study uses data constructed from Google Trends to measure uncertainty and employs GARCH-MIDAS models to differentiate the short-run and long-run components of exchange rate volatility. The results reveal that more policy-related economic uncertainty leads to decreased volatility in the long run, with uncertainty in the US having a greater effect than uncertainty in the Philippines. The counterintuitive outcomes may spring from the fact that uncertainty relates to the search for more information, which may exhibit a long-memory process where economic agents form beliefs that lead to risk aversion. This study also separates market-related uncertainty from policy-related uncertainty using a regression method, where results show that market-related uncertainty does not significantly affect exchange rate volatility in the long run.
Are Risk-based Tax Audit Strategies Rewarded? An Analysis of Corporate Tax Avoidance

This study examines the relation between risk-based tax audit strategies and corporate tax avoidance. We exploit OECD data across 54 countries on risk profiling, predictive modeling, and internal intelligence functions in tax administrations from 2014 to 2017 to investigate whether risk-based tax audits have an incremental effect on tax avoidance beyond enforcement. Our results suggest that the use of risk-based tax audits is associated with lower tax avoidance when controlling for tax enforcement, firm-specific, and country-specific factors. Cross-sectional tests indicate that risk-based tax audit strategies are effective tools to curb tax avoidance across firms of all sizes. The results of additional cross-sectional analyses indicate that risk-based tax audits are more effective in countries with low governance quality, high GDP, and low trust in governments. In additional tests, we use country-level data on tax administration performance and find evidence that countries with a risk-based audit strategy have lower costs of tax enforcement and improve the performance of tax authorities. Overall, our findings indicate that risk-based tax audit strategies have an incremental effect on attenuating firms’ tax avoidance and increasing tax revenue.
The quasi-sorting equilibrium and incentive effects in parallel contests with multiple types of players

We study a model of two parallel contests asymmetric in the prize with multiple types of risk-neutral players. Disclosing or hiding the realized number of players in any contest is shown to be irrelevant. We observe a quasi-sorting equilibrium wherein the most competitive players tend to enter the larger contest, while all the less competitive players equally tend to enter the smaller contest. The most competitive players bid harder in the larger contest than in the smaller contest while the players of any non-top type bid equally hard across contests. The player’s effort increases in ability in each contest.
Effects of zinc fertilizer amendments on yield and grain zinc concentration under controlled environment conditions

ABSTRACT The application of zinc (Zn) fertilizer to lentil is an agronomic strategy that has the potential to improve yield and enhance grain Zn concentration. A pot study was conducted to determine if Zn fertilizer applied to three popular Saskatchewan lentil cultivars could increase yield and concentration of Zn in the grain. The effects of soil and foliar applied Zn forms, including ZnSO4, Zn chelated with EDTA, Zn lignosulphonate, and a control were evaluated. Forms of Zn were not found to significantly increase yield (P = 0.828) or grain Zn concentration (P = 0.708) in any of the lentil cultivars tested. Fertilization with soil applied ZnSO4 resulted in significantly (P < 0.0001) higher amounts of residual available Zn in the soil relative to other Zn treatments. Soil fertilized with ZnSO4 had 1.13 mg kg−1 diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Zn compared to 0.84 mg Zn kg−1 and 0.77 mg Zn kg−1 in the soil and foliar applied chelated Zn, respectively.
Distributed Mirror Descent Algorithm With Bregman Damping for Nonsmooth Constrained Optimization

To efficiently solve the nonsmooth distributed optimization with both local constraints and coupled constraints, we propose a distributed continuous-time algorithm based on the mirror descent (MD) method. In this article, we introduce the Bregman damping into distributed MD-based dynamics, which not only successfully applies the MD idea to the distributed primal-dual framework, but also ensures the boundedness of all variables and the convergence of the entire dynamics. Our approach generalizes the classic distributed projection-based dynamics, and establishes a connection between MD methods and distributed Euclidean-projected approaches. Also, we prove the convergence of the proposed distributed dynamics with an <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ \mathcal {O}(1/t)$</tex-math></inline-formula> rate. For practical implementation, we further give a discrete-time algorithm based on the proposed dynamics with an <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ \mathcal {O}(1/\sqrt{k})$</tex-math></inline-formula> convergence rate.
A decision-making model with anticipation of surprise for explaining ‘irrational’ economic behaviors

Many experimental observations have shown that the expected utility theory is violated when people make decisions under risk. Here, we present a decision-making model inspired by the prediction of error signals reported in the brain. In the model, we choose the expected value across all outcomes of an action to be a reference point which people use to gauge the value of different outcomes. Action is chosen based on a nonlinear average of ‘anticipated surprise’, defined by the difference between individual outcomes and the abovementioned reference point. The model does not depend on non-linear weighting of the probabilities of outcomes. It is also straightforward to extend the model to multi-step decision-making scenarios, in which new reference points are created as people update their expectation when they evaluate the outcomes associated with an action in a cascading manner. The creation of these new reference points could be due to partial revelation of outcomes, ambiguity, or segregation of probable and improbable outcomes. Several economic paradoxes and gambling behaviors can be explained by the model. Our model might help bridge the gap between theories on decision-making in quantitative economy and neuroscience.
Jets in Magnetically Arrested Hot Accretion Flows: Geometry, Power and Black Hole Spindown

We present the results of nine simulations of radiatively-inefficient magnetically arrested disks (MADs) across different values of the black hole spin parameter a∗: −0.9, −0.7, −0.5, −0.3, 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9. Each simulation was run up to t & 100, 000GM/c to ensure disk inflow equilibrium out to large radii. We find that the saturated magnetic flux level, and consequently also jet power, of MAD disks depends strongly on the black hole spin, confirming previous results. Prograde disks saturate at a much higher relative magnetic flux and have more powerful jets than their retrograde counterparts. MADs with spinning black holes naturally launch jets with generalized parabolic profiles whose widths vary as a power of distance from the black hole. For distances up to 100GM/c, the power-law index is k ≈ 0.27 − 0.42. There is a strong correlation between the disk-jet geometry and the dimensionless magnetic flux, resulting in prograde systems displaying thinner equatorial accretion flows near the black hole and wider jets, compared to retrograde systems. Prograde and retrograde MADs also exhibit different trends in disk variability: accretion rate variability increases with increasing spin for a∗ > 0 and remains almost constant for a∗ . 0, while magnetic flux variability shows the opposite trend. Jets in the MAD state remove more angular momentum from black holes than is accreted, effectively spinning down the black hole. If powerful jets from MAD systems in Nature are persistent, this loss of angular momentum will notably reduce the black hole spin over cosmic time.