Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Protein Structure Modeling Using Modeller

Functional characterization of a protein sequence is one of the most frequent problems in biology. This task is usually facilitated by accurate three-dimensional (3-D) structure of the studied protein. In the absence of an experimentally determined structure, comparative or homology modeling can sometimes provide a useful 3-D model for a protein that is related to at least one known protein structure. Comparative modeling predicts the 3-D structure of a given protein sequence (target) based primarily on its alignment to one or more proteins of known structure (templates). The prediction process consists of fold assignment, target-template alignment, model building, and model evaluation. This unit describes how to calculate comparative models using the program MODELLER and how to use the ModBase database of such models, and discusses all four steps of comparative modeling, frequently observed errors, and some applications. Modeling lactate dehydrogenase from Trichomonas vaginalis (TvLDH) is described as an example. The download and installation of the MODELLER software is also described.
Ecological Unconscious, Animals and Psychological Trauma in Monique Roffey’s Archipelago Diren Ashok

Monique Roffey is a Trinidadian-born award winning writer who has produced a number of famous novels and a memoir. In her recent novel, Archipelago (2012), issues on redemption, loss of hope and healing were highlighted in the wake of a devastating natural disaster that swept across the Caribbean Island of Trinidad. Life was a complete change for the chief protagonist, Gavin Weald, as the catastrophic flood not only destroyed his home but also put great psychological strains which affected him and his family. In order to combat the distressing ordeal, Gavin and his daughter- alongside with their dog- decided to set sail and to make peace with the very ocean that caused the misfortune upon them. This research aims to validate the authenticity and importance nature plays in overcoming trauma that has been caused by the flood. In order to carry out this research, the concepts of ecological unconscious and dualism under the lenses of Eco-psychology by Theodore Roszak and Andy Fisher as well as trauma by Cathy Caruth will be employed in analysing how nature plays a pertinent role in healing trauma caused by the floods in this novel. This study aspires to explicate further the relationship between human and animals and how this union helps to overcome psychological disturbances experienced by the characters.
Effect of chitosan on resin-dentin interface durability: A 2 year in-vitro study

Aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate immediate and long-term bonding effectiveness of chitosan-treated dentin, bonded using 2-step etch-and-rinse dental adhesive, after 2 years of ageing.Materials & Methods: Microtensile bond strength test and nanoleakage examination of resin-dentin interfaces, created by Adper Single Bond 2 with or without chitosan pre-treatment, were performed after 24 h, 12 mos and 24 mos of water storage. Stiffness of demineralized dentin sticks treated with chitosan for 1 or 10 min was evaluated. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity was also assessed by measuring the amount of hydroxyproline release, indicating collagen degradation by MMPs, after chitosan treatment for 1 or 10 min. Data were collected, tabulated and statistically analysed.Results: Chitosan treatment of acid-etched dentin, before adhesive application, resulted in microtensile bond strength values which are significantly higher (40.7± 1.7 MPa and 37.2±1.9 MPa respectively) and nanoleakage values (56.5±3.8% and 62±3.6 % respectively) that are significantly lower than the untreated control group at 12 mos and 24 mos storage periods (P ≤ 0.05). The stiffness of demineralized dentin increased significantly after 1 min chitosan application (12.6±1.8 MPa) and further increased after 10 min chitosan application (22.4± 2.2 MPa). Hydroxyproline released decreased significantly (P-value <0.001) when completely demineralized dentin was treated with chitosan for 1 min (1.1 µg/mg dentin) with further significant decrease when chitosan was used for 10 min (0.8 µg/mg dentin). Conclusion: Chitosan treatment of acid-etched dentin, before adhesive application, was effective in improving durability of resin-dentin bonded interfaces. Clinical Significance: Despite of the great advances that have occurred in the field of adhesive dentistry, still, biodegradation of resin-dentin bonds over time continues to jeopardize the durability and success of resin composite restorations.
How asbestos and other fibers cause mesothelioma

Mesothelioma has long been associated with the exposure to asbestos, which was largely used in manufacturing activities. Toxicology studies in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that asbestos fibers were carcinogenic, and epidemiology studies revealed that asbestos exposure was paralleled by the increase in the incidence of mesothelioma and related mortality rates. More recently, the role of chronic inflammation and the molecular mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis by mineral fibers were elucidated following the discovery of the roles of HMGB1 and inflammasome. A change of paradigm was the discovery of a prevalence of mesotheliomas attributable to inherited mutations of cancer susceptibility genes. The discovery of BAP1 as a predisposition gene for the development of familial mesothelioma and other cancers implemented genome studies in patients with mesothelioma and routine clinical surveys in individuals at risk to identify germline mutations associated with cancers included in the BAP1 syndrome. A further progress in the approach to asbestos-related malignancy was the adoption of combined genetics and environmental analyses according to the model of gene-environment (GxE) interactions. This review aims at updating on the most recently discovered mechanisms of tumorigenesis and the pivotal role of GxE interactions.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAFIC PARAMETERS, MEAN ELECTRICAL AXIS (MEA) AND CARDIAC INDEX (RV/TV) IN NORMAL AND EXPERIMENTALLY ASITES (USING COLD) GROUPS OF BROILERS

Ascites syndrome is noticed as a problem in commercial poultry especially for fastgrowing broilers. This syndrome is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular dilation and hypertrophy. Oxygen requirement is the most critical trigger for ascites in these broilers. High cardiac output associated with a high oxygen requirement increases arterial pressure in lungs and causes pulmonary hypertension (1, 2). Pulmonary hypertension results in right ventricular hypertrophy / failure and finally systemic circulatory congestion followed by liver congestion and edema which causes fluid to be exuded into lung, pericardium and abdominal cavity, which is recognized as ascites syndrome (3). However, cardiac changes observed in ascitic birds can consider being responsible for the electrocardiographic characteristics that distinguish this syndrome even before developing of clinical signs (4, 5). Our goal in this study is to evaluate the electrocardiographic changes in the experimentally included ascites in broilers using cold model.
THE APPLICATION OF TREFFINGER LEARNING MODEL IN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL COMMUNICATION SKILL AND THEIR CONFIDENCE

Mathematics is considered as one of very important subjects in educational field. This can be proved by its lesson hour number at school, which is very large number. However, some think mathematics is very hard and boring for its uninteresting learning method. In attempt to eliminate this assumption, Treffinger model, as one of so many methods with their respective advantages, may be considered to be used. This model consists of three core steps, namely understanding challenge, generating ideas, and preparing for action. This study used quasi-experiment as its research method. The population of this study was all junior high school level students in Cianjur regency, meanwhile the sample of this study was 32 students of VIII E as the experimental class and 32 students of VIII G as the control class. The data obtained was then analyzed using the parametric and non-parametric statistical computation. The result of the data analysis showed that there were some improvements in experimental class students’ mathematical communication skill and their confidence in learning mathematics compared to those in control class which used conventional learning model as the treatment. The result also showed that there was an quite high association between students’ mathematical communication skills on the criteria of high enough. Lastly, the result also showed that there was an association between students’ communication skill quality and their confidence on the level of high criteria. Keywords: Treffinger, mathematical communication, confidence
An Interdisciplinary Approach to Examining the Adoption of Drone Delivery Services

Since drone delivery service started in Iceland in 2017, various business organizations have considered the adoption of the technology. This study examines critical factors that are pertinent to the adoption of drone delivery services by end users, based on the theoretical foundations such as social networking, marketing, and technology. Adopting survey data collected from 157 college students, this study investigated the relationships among opinion passing, personal innovativeness, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness and their effect on the decision to adopt drone delivery services, and among these factors. One major finding is that perceived usefulness had the strongest impact on the intention to adopt, followed by personal innovativeness. Opinion passing and perceived ease of use, however, were found to have no effect on the intention. In addition, personal innovativeness played a significant role in increasing opinion passing, followed by behavioral intention and perceived usefulness. Lastly, perceived ease of use had a direct influence on perceived usefulness, but not the intention. Academic and practical implications are drawn from these findings to conclude the study.
Hearing results after ossiculoplasty with incus transposition, cortical bone autografting and bone cement

Background: This study assesses hearing results after ossiculoplasty with incus transposition (IT), cortical bone autograft (CBA) and bone cement (BC). Methods: A total of 21 patients with mild/moderate conductive hearing loss were enrolled in our study. Patients were assigned to each of the three techniques according to length of incus defect. Pre-operative and 6 months post-operative audiograms (PTA) were obtained and results of air bone gap (ABG) were statistically analyzed.Results: A total of 7 patients were included in each technique. BC ABG was decreased from 26.57 (5.06) (mean (SD)) to 10.86 (6.34) with mean gain 15.71 (5.85) For IT group, the mean for pre- ABG was 33.57 with SD 5.13, it became 15.86 (1.86) after 6 months of follow-up with 17.71 (3.40) gain. For CBA, pre- ABG mean was 35.86 (5.67) that finally became 19.14 (2.41) achieving ABG gain 16.71 (6.68). No significant statistical difference between pre-post gain in all three surgical procedures (p-value = 0.80). Regarding side effects in each technique, infections was noted in one case of IT and two cases of CBA, transient infection was found in one case of IT and CBA, and transient vertigo in one case of BC with no significant difference in adverse effects between the three group (P-value= 0.494). Conclusions: Both BC, IT and CBA are reliable techniques for ossiculoplasty with good postoperative hearing results. The choice of the proper technique depends on length of incus defects
Extractive Resources and Public Capital in Developing Countries: Does Public-Private Partnership matter?

This paper investigates the relationship between extractive resources and public capital in developing countries. We rely on the IMF public capital new database which distinguishes “full public provision” capital and Public-Private Partnership capital to assess the effect of extractive resources on public capital on a sample of 95 developing countries over the period 1996-2015 using instrumental variables method. The results show that extractive resource exerts a negative effect on full public provision public capital while its effect on public-private partnership capital is positive. These effects are robust regardless of the type of extractive resources considered. Nevertheless, the negative effect of mineral resources is lower compared to energy resources (gas, coal and oil). A focus on the African region shows that both the adverse effect of extractive resources on public capital and its positive effect on public-private partnership capital are stronger. These findings shed some light on the fact that rent-seeking behavior (political or economic) might motivate public investment spending in resource-rich countries. However, “tying the hands” between the private sector and the public sector in investment projects helps to scale-up public capital. The paper calls for a closer look at the scaling-up effect of natural resources on public investment in developing countries claimed in the literature specifically when institutions are weak.
University of Birmingham Novel lightweight concrete containing manufactured plastic aggregate

31 Plastic waste and its low recycling rate make a significant contribution towards the pollution 32 of the environment. It is therefore essential that plastic waste is utilised in different 33 applications, such as aggregates in concrete. In this paper, an investigation of a manufactured 34 plastic aggregate as a replacement for pumice lightweight aggregate and Lytag aggregate in 35 concrete is presented. The influence of replacement level on the fresh, hardened and 36 microstructure properties of concrete was investigated. The slump, compressive strength, 37 flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus decreased with the increase in 38 replacement level. Neither the fresh density nor the hardened density was significantly affected 39 by replacement level. The Lytag and conventional lightweight concrete mixes had a brittle 40 failure; whereas the concrete mixes incorporating the manufactured plastic aggregate had a 41 ductile post-peak behaviour. The results suggest that the concrete mix containing the 42 manufactured plastic aggregate at a replacement level of 25% can be used in structural and 43 non-structural applications requiring moderate strength and ductility. Predictive models were 44 proposed and demonstrated to be in good agreement with the experimental results for the 45 mechanical properties of the concrete mixes incorporating the manufactured plastic aggregate.
Coping with job insecurity

Purpose – The purpose of the present paper is to investigate how employees’ coping (problem, emotion and avoidance focused coping) may affect the reactions to job insecurity. Because the coping investigated in the present study addresses the stressor in different ways, the authors expect different moderating effects depending on the type of coping, which results in three different hypotheses. Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 579 Swedish accountants was used to test these hypotheses via surveys. Findings – The findings support the authors’ assumptions that emotion focused coping weakened the relation of job insecurity and some of the outcomes. Both avoidance and problem focused coping strengthened the relation between job insecurity and some of the outcomes. Research limitations/implications – As this study utilizes cross-sectional data and only one occupational group, it is important to test the relations using longitudinal data with different occupational groups in future research. Practical implications – From these results some practical conclusions can be drawn as to which coping forms might be more beneficial, which can be helpful for organizations in order to develop intervention programs. Originality/value – This study expanded the understanding of coping in the context of job insecurity by testing different forms of coping and including a variety of important outcomes of job insecurity.
Gender differences in empathizing-systemizing - the influence of gender stereotype and socially desirable responding

The main aim of the present studies was to investigate the infl uence of social and cultural factors on gender diff erences in empathizing-systemizing. Study 1 was designed to control for the socially desirable responding in gender diff erences in empathizing-systemizing. In Study 2 we wanted to investigate whether the activation of gender stereotype would infl uence gender diff erences in the questionnaire and the ability test that measured empathizing-systemizing. Consistently across our two studies and the two measurement methods used (the questionnaire and the ability test), women scored higher in empathizing and the size of the eff ect was medium. Socially desirable responding had no eff ect on the size of gender diff erences in empathizing. However, the activation of the gender stereotype made respondents, especially women, present themselves as more empathetic persons. In addition, the stereotype activation produced a performance boost on the systemizing ability test in men, whereas no eff ect was observed in women.
Extraction, microbial load and acute toxicity determinations of the exudate gum of Anacardium occidentale - A potential excipient in drug delivery.

Natural polymers are increasingly used as excipients in formulation systems over the synthetics due to their comparative advantages. Exudate bark gum of Anacardium occidentale (family: Anacardiaceae) has been suggested for its potential usefulness in drug delivery systems. Characterizations of material substances are an integral part of excipient development. This study sought to extract Anacardium occidentale gum (AoG) from the crude exudate and determine its microbial load and acute toxicity using established methods and official guidelines. Data were expressed as mean Standard Error of the Mean (± SEM) and were statistically analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); level of significance was set at (P < 0.05). High yield, 72% w/w of the extracted gum was achieved. Microbial evaluation revealed the absence of objectionable organisms such as Salmonella species, Shigella species, Proteus species, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholera and Bile Tolerant Gram-Negative bacteria. Total aerobic microbial, yeast and mould counts were 1.70x102 and 6 x10 respectively. These values did not exceed the microbial limits specified by the United States Pharmacopoeia. LD50 value greater than 5000 mg/kg was obtained. There was no observance in the experimental animals of any morbidity, mortality or signs of acute toxicity, treatment related abnormalities on the body weights, haematological parameters and organs histopathology at all the administered doses. There was no significance on these parameters between the control and AoG tested groups. AoG microbial and acute toxicity profiles have suggested its safety and potential excipient usefulness in formulation systems such as drug delivery.
Running head : LEARNING TO INFER 1 A theory of learning to infer

Bayesian theories of cognition assume that people can integrate probabilities rationally. However, several empirical findings contradict this proposition: human probabilistic inferences are prone to systematic deviations from optimality. Puzzlingly, these deviations sometimes go in opposite directions. Whereas some studies suggest that people under-react to prior probabilities (base rate neglect), other studies find that people under-react to the likelihood of the data (conservatism). We argue that these deviations arise because the human brain does not rely solely on a general-purpose mechanism for approximating Bayesian inference that is invariant across queries. Instead, the brain is equipped with a recognition model that maps queries to probability distributions. The parameters of this recognition model are optimized to get the output as close as possible, on average, to the true posterior. Because of our limited computational resources, the recognition model will allocate its resources so as to be more accurate for high probability queries than for low probability queries. By adapting to the query distribution, the recognition model “learns to infer. ” We show that this theory can explain why and when people under-react to the data or the prior, and a new experiment demonstrates that these two forms of under-reaction can be systematically controlled by manipulating the query distribution. The theory also explains a range of related phenomena: memory effects, belief bias, and the structure of response variability in probabilistic reasoning. We also discuss how the theory can be integrated with prior sampling-based accounts of approximate inference.
Visitor Loyalty Analysis of Marine Tourism in Bayuwangi Beaches

This study aims to measure the influence of tourism product, prices or tourism costs, tourist locations, tourism promotion, tourist servants, service processes and physical evidence of tourist attractions on visitor loyalty both individually and simultaneously. This study used a survey approach as a research design and managed to collect questionnaire data from 270 respondents who had visited the beaches in Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia. The data obtained were analyzed by multiple linear regression data analysis techniques which were previously pre-analyzed using classical assumption analysis. The results of this study indicate that predictors of visitor loyalty both individually and simultaneously have a significant role. This means either individually or simultaneously that the predictor variables of tourism products, prices or tourism costs, tourist locations, tourism promotion, tourist servants, service processes and physical evidence of tourist attractions have a significant effect on visitor loyalty. This research has an important value in the study of marketing mix and customer loyalty, especially in the field of service marketing such as in tourism services. Previous research has never been done to focus on the marketing mix and visitor loyalty, especially on the beaches in Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia.