Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Pulsed Radiofrequency for Greater and Lesser Occipital Nerves in the Treatment for Migraine

Background: Migraine pain is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe. Objective: To evaluate the effect of noninvasive pulsed radio frequency (pulsed RF) in Migraine. Methods: In a prospective study of the intervention performed in adult population with Migraine (Diagnosed by specialists) carried on (30) patients undergone pulsed RF for greater and lesser occipital nerves to control recurrent migraine not responding to conventional treatment (resistant) in a period from Jan. 2017 to Jan 2019 in Al Safeer Hospital for surgical specialties and Alkafeel Hospital for surgical specialties both in Karbala / Iraq. The patients got in prone position under local anesthesia with goal positions with the target sites obvious out using anatomical breakthroughs and the position of greatest ache. Pulsed RF by RF needle to the affected side to reach greater and lesser occipital nerves then got 3 sessions (each for 3 minutes, temperature 42 C, voltage 42 V, resistance with 100 Ohms, Current with 230 mA) Patients monitored post-operatively for 2 hours then discharged. Follow up at intervals of 30 days, 6 months and 1 year by phone call or direct interview to assess the post procedure pain scale. Result: Significant pain relieve by means of no or little pain medication and actual life pattern change and performance in 1-year post procedure. Conclusion: A single trial of pulsed RF is effective for pain reliever.
Microbial communities across a hillslope‐riparian transect shaped by proximity to the stream, groundwater table, and weathered bedrock

Watersheds are important suppliers of freshwater for human societies. Within mountainous watersheds, microbial communities impact water chemistry and element fluxes as water from precipitation events discharges through soils and underlying weathered rock, yet there is limited information regarding the structure and function of these communities. Within the East River, CO watershed, we conducted a depth-resolved, hillslope to riparian zone transect study to identify factors that control how microorganisms are distributed and their functions. Metagenomic and geochemical analyses indicate that distance from the East River and proximity to groundwater and underlying weathered shale strongly impact microbial community structure and metabolic potential. Riparian zone microbial communities are compositionally distinct from all hillslope communities. Bacteria from phyla lacking isolated representatives consistently increase in abundance with increasing depth, but only in the riparian zone saturated sediments did we find Candidate Phyla Radiation bacteria. Riparian zone microbial communities are functionally differentiated from hillslope communities based on their capacities for carbon and nitrogen fixation and sulfate reduction. Selenium reduction is prominent at depth in weathered shale and saturated riparian zone sediments. We anticipate that the drivers of community composition and metabolic potential identified throughout the studied transect will predict patterns across the larger watershed hillslope system.
Effects of Lactobacillus on the inhibition of Helicobacter pylori growth

Abstract This study was performed to screen Lactobacillus and evaluate its inhibiting effects on Helicobacter pylori (Hp). Lactobacillus was isolated from fermented food in northeastern China. After identification and physiological characterization, the identified Lactobacillus was used to interact with Hp. The aggregation ability of Lactobacillus and Hp was determined. Moreover, the inhibiting effects of Lactobacillus on Hp urease enzyme activity and antioxidant ability were assessed. The results showed that four Lactobacillus strains including Lactobacillus sake, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus brevis were isolated from fermented food in northeastern China. All four strains of Lactobacillus could inhibit Hp growth in different extent. The interaction with Hp was statistically analyzed with significant differences. The Lactobacillus isolated from fermented food in Northeast China, had an inhibitory effect on Hp growth. This study provided a foundation for development of probiotic preparations and exploring the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus on Hp.
Comparative Efficacy of Single and Double Layer Suturing along with Stapling Technique for End-To-End Anastomosis of Esophagus in Dog

| The present-day study was carried out to compare the best surgical technique for end-to-end anastomosis of esophagus after resection. The clinical trials were carried out to compare three techniques for end-to-end anastomosis of esophagus which included single layer suturing, double layer suturing and stapling technique and various parameters were evaluated to compare their effectiveness at day 1, 3, 7, 15, 21, 28, 35 and 45 (physiological parameters, hematology, weight gain/loss, contrast radiography and endoscopy). The techniques were used in 12 mongrel dogs of either sex and divided into three groups A, B and C. It was concluded that stapling technique (intra luminal circular stapler 28mm) has been considered much better than other two techniques (Single layer Suturing and double layer suturing). The verdict base explanation for better and reliable result in esophageal anastomosis is that the stapling technique has good result in term of post-operative complications, less operative time; give more strength to the anastomosis ends of esophagus, good healing and minimum Stenosis.
REDUCING AGITATION IN LONG-TERM CARE: A VIRTUAL REALITY INTERVENTION FOR DEMENTIA

As the Baby Boom generation ages, the number of older adults with a form of dementia (or major neurocognitive disorder) will rise. Agitation behaviors are frequently associated with dementia, which can have negative consequences for the individual and the nursing staff in long-term care (LTC) facilities. Often, pharmacological treatments are used to manage behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), but the medications prescribed often come with a myriad of side-effects. Nonpharmacological interventions hold great promise to manage BPSD. Interventions that incorporate sensory stimulation (i.e., techniques aimed at stimulating one or more senses with the goal of reducing agitation) have been successful at treating BPSD in individuals with dementia. Virtual reality (VR) technology may be thought of as sensory stimulation technique that is gaining in popularity as an assessment tool with older adults, but little research exists as to how VR can be used to reduce BPSD. The present study used a single-case research design with an ideographic approach to reduce agitation behaviors in two female participants. A blended single case experimental design was used combining the multiple-baseline design across individuals with a reversal design to examine the effects of VR nature scenes on agitation. Visual analysis was used to determine changes in mean, level, and latency of the behaviors. For both participants, a significant decrease in their respective agitation behaviors was observed during intervention phases. More research is
Up or Down! House Management and Public Finance Theory from America’s Era of Hastert

This primarily conceptual article hypothesizes that the deep divisions in United States politics can in part be traced to the “Hastert Rule,” a management practice since the 1990s which limits lawmakers individual respect, legitimacy, and power. The article first philosophically analyzes the noticeable change in discourse since the “Hastert Rule,” from “compromise” to “common ground. ” Next the article offers a regression showing the Hastert Rule‟s impact on volume of bills passed, and on public opinion, then arguing via Public Finance/Choice Economics that this management practice has led to changes in American society. A strong case regression is run concerning immigration. The results show that the Hastert Rule has hardened party lines and the public is voting for candidates according issues they suspect are not favored by the opposite party, here termed “median-division” theory. The article concludes with policy suggestions to give individual lawmakers and voters more power over legislative management- up or down! first article to and by Also, it proposes an original concept related to median-voter theory, highlighting the importance of voter turnout.
Culturally Relevant Science Teaching: A Literature Review

This educational research literature review paper aims to discuss the rationale, review eight empirical research studies, and identify knowledge gaps in culturally relevant pedagogy in science education. This paper focuses on synthesis, review, and comparison of the findings of the empirical studies, and categorizes them into thematic heads such as similarities and differences between studies under the broad categories of professional development (PD) programs and case studies. Following these reviews, the author summarizes her reflections and thoughts about the literature to understand the big picture of culturally relevant pedagogy in science education. The basis of this literature review are various philosophical foundations that undergird the research in this field, looking at the theoretical frameworks and standards in science education, such as Next Generation Science Standards. This paper hopes to identify knowledge gaps for future research and help educators address serious and pressing concerns regarding culturally relevant science teaching in an increasingly diverse world.
An open-source end-to-end ASR system for Brazilian Portuguese using DNNs built from newly assembled corpora

In this work, we present a baseline end-to-end system based on deep learning for automatic speech recognition in Brazilian Portuguese. To build such a model, we employ a speech corpus containing 158 hours of annotated speech by assembling four individual datasets, three of them publicly available, and a text corpus containing 10.2 millions of sentences. We train an acoustic model based on the DeepSpeech 2 network, with two convolutional and five bidirectional recurrent layers. By adding a newly trained 15-gram language model at the character level, we achieve a character error rate of only 10.49% and a word error rate of 25.45%, which are on a par with other works in different languages using a similar amount of training data.
Determination of carbohydrate allocation patterns in water hyacinth to discover the potential physiological weak points in its life cycle

Abstract The seasonal allocation of carbohydrates in water hyacinth was evaluated to determine the physiological weak points in the life cycle of this plant in three large, moderately polluted freshwater canals north of the Nile Delta (Egypt). Monthly plant samples were divided into laminae, petioles, stolons, stem-bases and roots to determine the seasonal changes in water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), starch and total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) for each plant organ. Generally, water hyacinth allocated 2.2% of its total biomass to stolons, 4.5% to stem-bases, 19.0% to roots, 21.1% to laminae and 53.1% to petioles. The proportion of biomass allocated to the root system (stolons, stem-bases and roots) decreased from 38.5% in April to 17.2% in July, while that of the shoot system (laminae and petioles) increased from 61.5% to 82.8% during the same period. Stem-bases were found to contain the highest concentrations of WSC, starch and TNC throughout the water hyacinth’s life cycle. Starch represented the greatest part of the TNC pool, surpassing the concentration of WSC by 3.1- to 8.3-fold. The highest contents (g/m2) of WSC, starch and TNC were found in petioles. The period in the seasonal cycle when water hyacinth is expected to be most vulnerable to a control technique is when the carbohydrate contents are at the lowest. Based on the present study, this would be in April before complete mobilization of stored carbohydrates in the stem-bases and stolons have allowed expansion of the leaf material and the maximum growth rate.
Phenolic compounds from Inonotus obliquus and their immune stimulating effects. Mycosystema

Phenolic compounds from field-grown Inonotus obliquus sclerotia (Chaga) consist mainly of hispidin analogs and melanins, and are thought to be the active constituents to treat several human diseases. In submerged cultures of the fungus, however, no information is currently available on the production of phenolic compounds and their corresponding pharmacological functions. In this study, phenolic compounds from Chaga and submerged cultures of the fungus were assayed for their composition and immune-stimulating effects. Phenolic compounds produced by I. obliquus in submerged cultures mostly consist of flavonoids, together with small amounts of hispidin analogs and melanins. This is quite contrary to the situation in Chaga, where flavonoids are determined as trace elements. Furthermore, phenolic compounds from Chaga show capacity about two-fold higher than those produced in submerged cultures in inhibiting cyclophosphamide-induced reduction of bodyweight, spleen index and viability of peripheral lymphocytes in test mice. Thus less production of hispidin analogs and melanins is likely to be responsible for less immune-stimulating effects in phenolic compounds from submerged cultures, and additional factors should be imposed during submerged cultures of I. obliquus to regulate biosynthesis of phenolic compounds directed to the composition similar to Chaga.
The Effects of Different Concentrations of Retinoic Acid on the Histological Structure of Liver of Adult Albino Female Mice and Their Prenatal Fetuses

Retinoic acid (RA) an active metabolite of vitamin A, plays essential signaling roles in mammalian embryonic development and adult homeostasis through concentration-dependent activity but in excess, RA is teratogenic. The present study was designed to evaluate the harmful effect of RA on the: liver tissues of the adult pregnant female albino mice and their prenatal fetuses and adult morphological and behavior changes. Forty-five pregnant adult female albino mice were divided into three groups (n=15 for each group). Group I, the control group orally received 0.1ml of olive oil. Group II and III received 25 and 50mg RA/kg B.W. respectively. RA was dissolved in 0.1ml of olive oil and orally given on 7 th , 8 th , and 9 th days of pregnancy. On the 18 th day of gestation, these females were sacrificed and the liver from mother and their prenatal were removed, weighed, and prepared for histological study. The RA treated adult group exhibited behavior changes including general fatigue and loss of appetite, in addition to the morphological changes which included weight loss, change in normal red eye color towards black, and redness in the mouth and chin area associated with loss of hair (fur) around this area. These observations were showed to be more severe in the 50 mg RA group. The results showed that treatment with 25 and 50mg RA caused no significant decrease in the adult liver weight, while in their prenatal fetuses 50mg RA caused a higher significant decrease in the liver weight, but 25 mg RA caused no significant effects on this weight. Treated with 50mg/kg RA caused a highly significant increase in the number of aborted and dead fetuses as compared with other groups. The results of the histological study showed that treatment with both concentrations of RA caused several degrees of the liver damage with disrupted the normal architecture pattern along with hepatocellular steatosis, hypertrophy, and inflammation. In conclusions, RA caused variable degrees of degeneration and destruction of the liver tissues of adult female (mother) and their prenatal. The most important effects of RA are causing hepatocellular steatosis, hypertrophy, and inflammation, and when RA giving during the critical periods of embryonic development, caused harmful effects on the developing liver, therefore treatment with RA should be avoided at any stage of gestation. Keywords: Liver, retinoic acid, embryonic development, vitamin A, histological study. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-18-04 Publication date: September 30 th 2020
Freezing goat embryos at different developmental stages and quality using ethylene glycol and a slow cooling rate

ABSTRACT The efficiency of an alternative freezing protocol for goat embryos of different morphology and quality was tested. Fifty-eight embryos on Day 6-7 stage were transferred as fresh or after freeze-thawing (n=29/group). For freezing, embryos were placed into 1.5M ethylene-glycol solution for 10min. During this time, they were loaded in the central part of 0.25mL straw, separated by air bubble from columns containing PBS/BSA 0.4% plus 20% BFS. Straws were then frozen using a freezing machine from 20ºC to -6ºC at a cooling rate of 3ºC/min, stabilization for 15min (seeding after 5min), from -6 C to -32ºC at 0.6 C/min,and plunged into liquid nitrogen. Frozen embryos were thawed for 30s at 37ºC in a water bath. Embryos subjected to fresh transfer were maintained in holding medium (37ºC). Fresh and frozen-thawed embryos were transferred at day 7 post-estrus to 30 recipients. Kidding and kid born rates were similar (P> 0.05), respectively, for recipients receiving fresh (66.7% or 10/15; 55.2% or 16/29) or frozen-thawed (60% or 9/15; 51.7% or 15/29) embryos. The cryopreservation of goat embryos using slow-freezing protocol and 1.5MEG resulted in similar efficiency rates of fresh embryos.
Seed traits and germination of native grasses and invasive forbs are largely insensitive to parental temperature and CO2 concentration

Abstract The structure and function of grassland ecosystems can be altered by a changing climate, including higher temperature and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration. Previous studies suggest that there is no consistent trend in seed germination and seedling recruitment as affected by these conditions. We collected seeds of two native and two invasive species over 6 years from a field study with elevated CO2 (600 p.p.m.) and temperature (1.5/3.0°C day/night) on the mixed-grass prairie of Wyoming, USA. Seed fill, viability and mass were evaluated and germination tests were conducted under alternating temperatures in growth chambers. Thermal time requirements to reach 50% germination (θ50) and base temperatures (Tb) for germination were determined using thermal time models. Climate change conditions had limited effects on seed fill, viability and mass. The combination of CO2 enrichment and warming increased germination of Bouteloua gracilis. Centaurea diffusa and Linaria dalmatica, two invasive species in this study, had the lowest θ50 and Tb required for germination among all the species studied. Although final germination percentages of these invasive species were not affected by treatments, previous studies reported increased seed production under future climate conditions, indicating that they could be more invasive at the regeneration stage in the future. We conclude that projected future temperature increases will have little effect on seed reproductive traits of native species. In addition, the distribution and abundance of B. gracilis and invasive species may be favoured by global climate change due to enhanced germination or seed production traits caused by elevated parental CO2 and temperature conditions.
Risk Factors and Management Practices for Malaria Among Pregnant Women in Owerri Metropolis-A Population-Based Study

Malaria risks and management practices among women receiving antenatal care in Owerri metropolis, Imo State was investigated. A total of 342 pregnant women that had lived in the study area for at least 1 year were recruited. Ethical clearance and informed consent were sought and obtained prior to the survey. At recruitment, each participating woman was administered a questionnaire to help capture information on risk factors, clinical status and symptoms, and their ethno-management practices. Results showed that the risk factors that predisposed pregnant women to P. falciparum infection implicated presence of sewage and overgrown bushes around residence, engaging in much farming and staying outdoors at night, when compared with abstainers that had less likelihood (p<0.05). Less than 35% of the women admitted they had episodes of fever, headache, cough/catarrah, anorexia and weakness, and mostly occurred during their first trimester. Malaria management among the women were the use of spray (37.4%), drug (27.5%) and treated net (19.3%) among others, with poor compliance and adherence. High preponderant of the women responded they had treatment satisfaction due to good health care delivery (38.0%) and drug effectiveness (33.3%) at moderate treatment cost. In conclusion, whereas environmental and behavioural factors do expose pregnant women alike to malaria infection, those in their first trimester are at more risk considering the higher rate of their clinical manifestations. Therefore, awareness campaigns by healthcare workers and/or trained volunteers should be carried out more intensely to address the poor compliance to malaria management procedures in the study area.
Structure, Diversity, and Carbon Stocks of the Tree Community of Kumasi, Ghana

Urban forestry has the potential to address many urban environmental and sustainability challenges. Yet in Africa, urban forest characterization and its potential to contribute to human wellbeing are often neglected or restrained. This paper describes the structure, diversity, and composition of an urban forest and its potential to store carbon as a means of climate change mitigation and adaptation in Kumasi. The vegetation inventory included a survey of 470,100-m2 plots based on a stratified random sampling technique and six streets ranging from 50 m to 1 km. A total of 3757 trees, comprising 176 species and 46 families, were enumerated. Tree abundance and species richness were left skewed and unimodally distributed based on diameter at breast height (DBH). Trees in the diameter classes >60 cm together had the lowest species richness (17%) and abundance (9%), yet contributed more than 50% of the total carbon stored in trees within the city. Overall, about 1.2 million tonnes of carbon is captured in aboveground components of trees in Kumasi, with a mean of 228 t C ha−1. Tree density, DBH, height, basal area, aboveground carbon storage, and species richness were significantly different among green spaces (p < 0.05). The diversity was also significantly different among urban zones (p < 0.0005). The DBH distribution of trees followed a modified reverse J-shaped model. The urban forest structure and composition is quite unique. The practice of urban forestry has the potential to conserve biological diversity and combat climate change. The introduction of policies and actions to support the expansion of urban forest cover and diversity is widely encouraged.