Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth and Nutrient Digestibility of Preruminant Calves on Grain Replaced Calf Starter

Abstract Raut, P.K. , Pandey, H.N. , Srivastava, B.B. , Sahoo, A. and Pathak, N.N. 1996. Growth and nutrient digestibility of preruminant calves on grain replaced calf starter. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 9: 175–180. Twenty four crossbred female calves were divided into 3 groups to find out impact of grain replaced diets on growth performance and nutrient digestibility during their preruminant life (0–13 weeks). Three isonitrogenous starter diets containing 50, 0 and 25 per cent maize alongwith green fodder (berseem) were fed ad libitum and whole milk feeding was discontinued at 9 weeks of age. There were no significant inter group differences in DM intake, body weight gain, feed conversion efficiencey, dry matter/organic matter digestibility and cost per unit gain. It is concluded that a grainless calf starter with a good quality fodder can sustain early growth in calves.
Influence of Surface Charges on Thylakoid Structure and Function

INTRODUCTION . DETERMINATION OF SURFACE CHARGE DENSITy . Particle Electrophoresis . 9-Amino Acridine Technique and Similar Approaches . Reaction Rates Involving Charged Electron Donors and Acceptors . Conclusions from Various Approaches . ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF SURFACE CHARGE .
Ice Propagation in Dehardened Alpine Plant Species Studied by Infrared Differential Thermal Analysis (IDTA)

Infrared differential thermal analysis (IDTA) was used to study ice propagation and whole plant freezing patterns in dehardened intact individuals of various alpine plant species, including a shrub (Rhododendron ferrugineum), a herbaceous plant (Senecio incanus), a cushion plant (Silene acaulis), and two graminoids (Poa alpina and Juncus trifidus). Freezing patterns differed markedly among species and reflected peculiarities of the shoot structure and the vascular system. In graminoids, each single leaf required a separate ice nucleation event, as the polystele prevents ice propagation between leaves via the stem. Additionally, enhanced supercooling resulted in a temperature range of whole plant freezing of up to 10°C, which corroborates the high summer frost resistance of graminoids. This could have ecological significance for frost survival. In contrast, in dicotyledonous species one nucleation event was usually sufficient for whole plant freezing. Controlled ice-seeding experiments on leaves with droplets of water and bacterial water suspension (Pseudomonas syringae) showed that ice propagation into the leaf tissue from the surface was inhibited as long as the leaves were undamaged. The rate of ice propagation in veins was significantly higher at lower temperatures and reached up to 24 cm s−1 in J. trifidus, which is much higher than reported in earlier findings. Ice propagation in graminoids was much faster, which may indicate that ice propagates within the protoxylem lacunae of large vessels.
Some Identities Involving Generalized Left (Θ,Φ)-Derivations in Semiprime Rings

Let us suppose that R be a semiprime ring with two epimorphisms θ, φ and I a nonzero ideal of R. By generalized left (θ,φ)derivation of R we mean an additive mapping F : R → R such that F(ab) = θ(a)F(b) + φ(b)d(a) holds for all a, b ∈ R, where d : R → R is a left(θ,φ)derivation of R. The goal of the present paper is to study the following identities: (i) F([a, b])= θ([a, b]), (ii) F(aοb)= θ(aοb), (iii) F([a, b])= θ(aοb), (iv) F(aοb) = θ([a, b]), (v) F(ab)±θ(ab)∈Z(R), (vi) F(ab) ± θ(ba) ∈ Z(R), for all a, b ∈ I. Mathematics Subject Classification 2010. 16W25,16W80, 16N60.
ABERDEEN BUSINESS SCHOOL Copyright Declaration Form

Exploration and Production (E&P) or upstream oil and gas companies in the U.S. prepare their financial statements using either Full Cost (FC) or Successful Efforts (SE) historical accounting methods. Although there have been numerous attempts by FASB and SEC to narrow the choice of accounting methods so that the financial statements of petroleum companies are more comparable, the question as to which historical accounting method provides investors with more informative numbers, and thus should be mandated for all oil and gas companies is still unresolved. This research compares the quality of earnings of SE and FC upstream oil and gas firms, with an aim of ascertaining which if any, of the two methods provides superior earnings quality, and thus more relevant information to investors.
THE AESTHETIC CHALLENGES OF A LATERALLY POSITIONED FLAP IN MILLER’S CLASS III RECESSION: A CASE SERIES

Purpose: Gingival recession is a common and undesirable clinical condition that causes diminished aesthetic appeal, hypersensitivity, and predisposition to root caries. A Lateral positioned flap (LPF) is a pedicled flap used for treatment of isolated gingival recession in cases where the gingival biotype is thick and there is sufficient amount of keratinised tissue adjacent to the recession defect. Methods: Three patients with Miller’s class III gingival recession were selected and LPF was performed for each case. Each patient was evaluated for gingival recession depth (GRD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) at the baseline and the final appointment at 12 months. Results: The three cases of Miller’s class III gingival recession had a mean GRD of 7 ±1.5mm and a mean residual GRD of 1.5 ±1 mm at the baseline and the final appointment respectively, after the root coverage surgery. There was significant reduction of symptom of hypersensitivity in all the three cases and the patients were aesthetically satisfied with the clinical outcomes. Conclusion: The LPF as a surgical procedure for root coverage achieved satisfactory outcomes both aesthetically and functionally in patients with advanced gingival recession.
Dynamic Noisy Rational Expectations Equilibrium With Insider Information

We study equilibria in multi-asset and multi-agent continuous-time economies with asymmetric information and bounded rational noise traders. We establish existence of two equilibria. First, a full communication one where the informed agents' signal is disclosed to the market, and static policies are optimal. Second, a partial communication one where the signal disclosed is affine in the informed and noise traders' signals, and dynamic policies are optimal. Here, information asymmetry creates demand for two public funds, as well as a dark pool where private information trades can be implemented. Markets are endogenously complete and equilibrium returns have a three factor structure, with stochastic factors and loadings. Results are valid for constant absolute risk averse investors; general vector diffusions for fundamentals; non-linear terminal payoffs, and non-Gaussian noise trading. Asset price dynamics and public information flows are endogenous, and rational expectations equilibria are special cases of the general results.
THE IMPACTS OF HEARING LOSS ON SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL HEALTH

According to the World Health Organization, over 900 million people are expected to have disabling hearing loss by 2050. Most studies about hearing loss published thus far have focused on the impacts hearing loss has on adults above the age of 60. However, this study examines the relationship between hearing loss and social-emotional health in adults between the ages of 21 and 50. Literature describing the impact of hearing loss on the social-emotional health of young and middle aged adults is sparse. This study uses data from the 2011 wave of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) obtained via the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) website. Using individual variables in the study regarding depression, anxiety, exhaustion, and a person’s ability to participate in leisure activities, a social-emotional health scale was created by adding the four individual measures. The newly created social-emotional health scale was reliable (α=0.69). To analyze the relationship between social-emotional health and hearing loss, an independent samples t-test was conducted. The results of the t-test were statistically significant (p < 0.001) and found that hearing loss is associated with poorer social-emotional health. A linear regression was conducted to identify if demographic variables influenced social-emotional health scores. The results of the linear regression found that even after controlling for significant demographic differences between participants with difficulty hearing and those with typical hearing, social-emotional health is still significantly related to participants’ hearing ability (p < 0.001). These results suggest that mental health professionals should be educated about the unique experiences those with hearing loss face.
Free endogenous growth regulators in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)

This research was carried out in order to observe seasonal changes of internal plant growth regulators in pistachio. This research was conducted during three years at a commercial pistachio orchard located in Firat valley in Nizip, Gaziantep. ‘Kirmizi’ pistachio cultivar trees grafted on Pistacia vera L. were used as plant material. Changes in auxin (IAA), cytokinin (Zeatin), gibberellin (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) were observed in leaves in May, July and September of the first (heavy cropping year - ' on' year) and second (subsequent light cropping year ' off ' -year) years. Besides, yield and flower bud abscission rate were observed during three years to determine the relationships among the level of plant growth regulator, yield and flower bud abscission. It was observed that the IAA, zeatin and ABA levels in the leaf were high in the first year, and was low in the second year. The annual GA3 levels were lower in the ‘on’ year and higher in the alternate bearing, ‘off’ year. The correlation analysis between the hormones and fruit bud abscission rates showed that increase in the ABA levels caused also increase in fruit bud abscission at all months in the first year.
A CLADISTIC ANALYSIS OF ANGOPHORA CAV. (MYRTACEAE)

Abstract— A cladistie analysis of Angophora Cav. used a data set dominated by quantitative morphological characters. These were coded into multistates using Generalized Gap‐Coding, and treated as ordered sequences of stales. The reasons for choosing an ordered over an unordered sequence are discussed. A branch and bound method yielded one minimal‐length, unrooted tree. Because of uncertainty in the position of the root, five cladograms were derived from the unrooted tree. The consensus cladogram comprises four main clades. The consensus cladogram was used for a biogeographic study using component analysis, which generated a single statement of relationships for five areas of eastern Australia. An infra‐generic classification of Angophora comprising four series corresponding to the four main clades, and two subseries, is presented. The following new names are published: Angophora series i>Floribundinae, series Subvelutininae, series Bakerinae. subseries Costntitac. Angophora leiocarpa: L. Johnson ex G. Leach) K. R. Thiele and P. Y. Ladiges and A.paludosa (G. Leach) K. R. Thiele and P. Y. Ladiges are published as new combinations.
Anti‐transpiration and anti‐growth activities in the xylem sap from plants under different types of soil stress

summary Anti-transpiration and anti-growth activities of xylem sap were studied for maize, sunflower, cotton and castor bean, which were subjected to several stress treatments: soil drying, flooding and salinity. All samples of xylem sap showed an increased concentration of proteins when plants were either soil-dried, salt-treated or flooded. The protein transportation flux in xylem sap, i.e. the product of protein concentration and volume flux, was also increased as a result. Electrophoresis using SDS-PAGE analysis showed that xylem proteins were of variable size. When samples of xylem sap were used to feed detached leaves or shoots in a bioassay system for their anti-transpiration and anti-growth activities, such xylem proteins in their original concentrations apparently showed neither direct inhibition nor enhanced effects of ABA. All samples of xylem sap from plants subjected to different stresses showed anti-transpiration and anti-growth activities that could be fully accounted for by their ABA concentration. In cases where such activities were more than could be explained by the ABA concentrations, filtration with a 0–20 μm microfilter removed the discrepancies.
Behavioral Corporate Finance: The Life Cycle of a CEO Career

One of the fastest-growing areas of finance research is the study of managerial biases and their implications for firm outcomes. Since the mid-2000s, this strand of behavioral corporate finance has provided theoretical and empirical evidence on the influence of biases in the corporate realm, such as overconfidence, experience effects, and the sunk-cost fallacy. The field has been a leading force in dismantling the argument that traditional economic mechanisms—selection, learning, and market discipline—would suffice to uphold the rational-manager paradigm. Instead, the evidence reveals that behavioral forces exert a significant influence at every stage of a chief executive officer’s (CEO’s) career. First, at the appointment stage, selection does not impede the promotion of behavioral managers. Instead, competitive environments oftentimes promote their advancement, even under value-maximizing selection mechanisms. Second, while at the helm of the company, learning opportunities are limited, since many managerial decisions occur at low frequency, and their causal effects are clouded by self-attribution bias and difficult to disentangle from those of concurrent events. Third, at the dismissal stage, market discipline does not ensure the firing of biased decision-makers as board members themselves are subject to biases in their evaluation of CEOs. By documenting how biases affect even the most educated and influential decision-makers, such as CEOs, the field has generated important insights into the hard-wiring of biases. Biases do not simply stem from a lack of education, nor are they restricted to low-ability agents. Instead, biases are significant elements of human decision-making at the highest levels of organizations. An important question for future research is how to limit, in each CEO career phase, the adverse effects of managerial biases. Potential approaches include refining selection mechanisms, designing and implementing corporate repairs, and reshaping corporate governance to account not only for incentive misalignments, but also for biased decision-making.
Effect of Feeding Total Mixed Ration on the Productive Performance of Dairy Cattle

A 82 day lactation trial was conducted on 20 multiparous crossbred milch cows arranged in a 2x2 factorial design. The animals were divided equally into 4 groups and were offered either berseem (Trifolium alexandrium) or oat (Avena sativa) hay based rations fed either by conventional feeding system or as total mixed ration (TMR). The experimental protocol involved a digestion trial at the end of the feeding period followed by blood profile assessment besides a parallel rumen fermentation study using eight crossbred male calves. The results revealed that the digestibility of organic matter and neutral detergent fibre was significantly (P < 0.05) higher when the diet was fed as TMR as compared to conventional feeding system. The concentration of total volatile fatty acids and different nitrogen fractions in the strained rumen liquor was significantly higher in animals fed TMR than those fed by the conventional feeding system. Except for the blood urea, other blood parameters were not influenced by the method of feeding. Feeding of animals either by conventional feeding system or as TMR irrespective of the roughage source did not have significant impact on milk yield or its composition. The results revealed that feeding system did not have any significant impact either on milk production or on its composition. Both berseem hay as well as oat hay based complete feeds (TMR) could sustain 15–16 kg of milk production per day.
A Technique to Quantify the Extent of Postmortem Degradation of Meat Ultrastructure

This study investigated quantitative changes in the spaces between and within myofibrils and the impact of high and low voltage electrical stimulation on muscle ultrastructure as seen in electron micrographs. In addition, the relationships of these spaces and the impact to meat tenderness were investigated. The degradation of myofibrils during aging appeared to be localized across the muscle fibre. Structural deterioration of muscle fibres was evident 1 day post-mortem, involving the weakening in the lateral integrity of the myofibrils and Z-disc regions. Meat tenderisation, as shown by objective measurements, coincided with these increases in degradation, as assessed by the sum of the gaps between and within myofibrils. The results showed that the total size of gaps between and within myofibrils can be used as an indicator of meat tenderization during aging, but that ultrastructural alteration in electrically stimulated muscle had little relationship with meat tenderness. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 1 : 111-116)
Acute Phase Complications of Older Children with Kawasaki Disease

Acute Phase Complications of Older Children with Kawasaki Disease Toshimasa Nakada Department of Pediatrics, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, 〒030-8553 Higashitukurimiti 2-1-1, Aomori City, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. Background: Older children with Kawasaki disease (KD) have a risk for acute phase complications including coronary artery lesions (CALs). Objective: To clarify the frequency and outcomes of acute phase complications in older children who received an initial single intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapywith delayed use of aspirin. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study included data from 216 consecutive patients who underwent initial single IVIG therapy at 2 g/kg with DUA. The data were divided into a group for cases aged 5 years or older (older group, n = 34) and another group for cases aged <5 years (younger group, n = 182). Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Mann–Whitney U tests as appropriate. Results: Six of 34 (17.6%) older group patients were associated with complications (2 with CAL and 4 with non-cardiac complications required treatment). The non-cardiac complications included arthritis, transient blindness, and atlantoaxial rotatory fixation. All of these non-cardiac complications were recovered after treatment. The rate of CAL in older group patients was similar to that in younger group patients (5.9% vs. 1.6%, P = 0.177). However, the rate of non-cardiac complications in the former was significantly higher than that of the latter (11.8% vs. 0.0%, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Whereas the older children who underwent initial single IVIG therapy at 2 g/kg with DUA have the higher risk for non-cardiac complications compared to the younger patients, the rate of CAL was similar between the older and younger children.
Analysis of Heutagogical Practices through Mobile Device Usage in a Teacher Training Programme in Malawi

Abstract: This paper analyses the mediation of heutagogical practices using mobile devices in a teacher training programme in Malawi. Existing literature suggests that the use of mobile devices facilitates the development of heutagogy, an educational approach characterised by interdependent learning, double- and triple-loop learning and participation in communities of practice. The study draws on three major heutagogical principles for its theoretical foundation. It adopts the case study method, and uses questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and personal diaries for data collection. Mobile phone ownership is almost universal at the college and most of the student-teachers possess at least one Internet-enabled device. Despite laptop ownership and institutional access to computers being low, a relatively high number of student-teachers frequently use computers in their studies to complement mobile phones. Regarding heutagogical practices, few student-teachers claim to engage in interdependent learning as well as double- and triple-loop learning. Conversely, most of them tend to participate in communities of practice, particularly those involving students only. In addition, few student-teachers hold the intention to use their devices in their own teaching. Keywords: heutagogy, teacher education, learner-centred, mobile devices.
In view of the increasing recognition of ULMI as significant complications of breast cancer treatment, an increase in referral to physiotherapy for the management of ULMI

INTRODUCTION Approximately 58,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer annually in the UK (Breast Cancer Care, 2015). Due to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, survival rates have steadily improved with 85% of women now surviving breast cancer more than 5 years (Breast Cancer Care, 2015). As survival rates improve, the long-term effects of breast cancer treatment are receiving increasing attention (Department of Health and Macmillan, 2013). Complications from breast cancer treatment include impairments of the upper limb, which can have significant adverse effects on function and quality of life (Ahmed et al., 2008; Levangie and Drouin J, 2009; Thomas-MacLean et al., 2009). These impairments include restricted movement, altered movement patterns, pain, weakness, axillary web syndrome (AWS) and lymphoedema,
Using expert knowledge to assess uncertainties in future polar bear populations under climate change

1. Polar bear Ursus maritimus population dynamics under conditions of climate change has become a controversial topic. A survey of expert opinion based on modelled sea-ice data was performed in order to quantify the trends and variance surrounding possible impacts of climate change on polar bear populations. 2. Polar bears have become an iconic species in the communication of climate change. Negative impacts of climatic warming on polar bears have been suggested, but cannot be fully quantified as no Arctic-wide models yet exist to analyse the relationship between polar bear population dynamics and climate change. 3. Ten polar bear experts participated in an expert opinion survey in early 2007, quantifying the trends and variance surrounding possible impacts of climate change on polar bear populations. The experts were provided with maps and time-series of sea-ice extent and duration to 2050, simulated under a mid-range emissions scenario. Expert projections of future polar bear habitat range and population size across the Arctic, and for population size in five regions, were obtained. Experts were asked to define ‘best conservation practice’, and to re-evaluate the total Arctic population projection if this best practice was implemented. 4. Most experts project a substantial decline in polar bear range and population size across the Arctic and in population size across each region. Expert best estimates for total Arctic polar bear population size lie from no change to a 70% decrease by 2050 relative to today; with half the experts projecting at least a 30% decrease. The median best estimates show the Barents Sea, Hudson Bay and the Chukchi Sea populations experiencing the greatest population decline under this scenario. There is much uncertainty both within and between expert responses, especially in little-researched regions such as the Chukchi Sea. 5. Synthesis and applications. Based on projected changes in sea-ice extent, experts suggest that polar bear populations will undergo significant declines by 2050, even implementing best management practices, under the scenario of climatic warming outlined here. The expert survey approach could be applied to a wide range of species for which there is a lack of available data and considerable uncertainty surrounding all aspects of the problem that prevent quantification with more formal modelling approaches.