Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discrimination of Customers Decision-Making in a Like/Dislike Shopping Activity Based on Genders: A Neuromarketing Study

The present study considers the decision making of customers in a Like/Dislike task with respect to the gender of customers. The investigation is performed by recording electroencephalography (EEG) signal from 20 subjects that stimulated by displaying images of shoes. In the algorithm, the EEG signals were denoised by using artifact subspace reconstruction and independent component analysis methods. The Wavelet technique is then applied to attain five EEG frequency bands and, subsequently linear and nonlinear features were extracted. The extracted features includes linear features, namely the power spectral density and energy of wavelet; and nonlinear features, namely the fractal dimension, entropy, and trajectory volume behavior quantifiers. The meaningfulness of the features for identifying discriminative channels as well as frequency bands is considered by means of Wilcoxon Rank Sum statistical test. The identifications of Like/Dislike conditions were then facilitated by the Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Linear Discriminant Analysis, and K-Nearest Neighbors classifiers. Results illustrated that higher frequency bands, the combination of theta, alpha, and beta, in Fp1, Fp2, F7, F8, Cz, and Pz regions was observed for female group. The most distinctive feature and classifier for the female group was the energy of the wavelet coefficient and RF classifier, respectively, that produced the highest accuracy rate of 71.51± 5.1%. In addition, the most distinctive features for males were sample and approximate entropy, as well as the Higuchi fractal dimension that with the RF classifier produced an accuracy rate of 71.33± 14.07%. The nonlinear features investigation revealed more involved brain regions in a Like/Dislike task than the previous studies. In addition, it is revealed that the Like decision-making happens earlier than Dislike.
Hepatoprotective Effect of Actinidia deliciosa against Streptozotocin-Induced Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Inflammations in Rats

The present research intended to assess the possible protective and hypoglycemic effect of Actinidia deliciosa fruit aqueous extract (ADAE) in diabetic rats. The scavenging antioxidant capabilities of ADAE were evaluated using GC-MS analysis. In addition, rats were divided into four groups: control, ADAE, streptozotocin-induced DM (STZ), and STZ-treated rats + ADAE in an in vivo investigation. GC-MS analysis of ADAE was shown to include major components with high total phenolic contents and high DPPH scavenging activity. In diabetic rats, significant elevation in blood glucose level, lipid peroxidation, bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase activity as well as a change in lipid profile was observed, while insulin, body and liver weights, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, liver function biomarkers, and protein content were significantly decreased. Furthermore, changes in the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-γ), apoptotic, and inflammation-related genes were found. In addition, histological differences in rat liver tissue architecture were discovered, corroborating the biochemical modifications. However, consuming ADAE alone reduced lipid peroxidation and improved antioxidant status. Furthermore, diabetic rats given ADAE showed significant reductions in oxidative stress indicators and biochemical parameters, as well as improved tissue structure, when compared to the diabetic rats' group. Also, ADAE supplementation protects diabetic rats' hepatic tissue by upregulating PPAR-γ and downregulating apoptotic and inflammatory-related gene expression. In conclusion, A. deliciosa has beneficial protective effects so, it might be used as a complementary therapy in diabetes mellitus.
Clinical and Functional Results of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty and Postoperative Rehabilitation Protocol

Purpose This retrospective study aims to analyze the clinical and functional results obtained over a seven-year period of performing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) and the subsequent postoperative rehabilitation protocol. Methods We analyzed data from 80 patients who were evaluated at a preoperative, as well as monthly postoperative outpatient consultation, until the discharge from the rehabilitation program, using Constant Score (CS). Results A comparison of preoperative and postoperative (after rehabilitation protocol) results revealed an improved functional score of absolute CS (20.8 increase), normal relative CS (29.1 increase), and individual relative CS (31.7 increase) with statistical significance (p<0.05). From the analysis of CS subscores, there was a positive evolution of the pain subscore, as well as flexion, abduction, and external rotation combined with abduction range of motion (ROM). Contrarily, there was a negative evolution of the combined internal rotation, extension, and adduction ROM, as well as deltoid muscle strength. No statistically significant correlations were found between age and postoperative CS, as well as between the time interval from surgery to the beginning of outpatient rehabilitation and CS evolution. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that RTSA is an effective therapeutic option that, if combined with a well-structured rehabilitation program, can improve pain, mobility, and upper limb functionality.
Isolation of Heartland Virus from Lone Star Ticks, Georgia, USA, 2019

Report of a human death and exposure of white-tailed deer to Heartland virus (HRTV) in Georgia, USA, prompted the sampling of questing ticks during 2018–2019 in 26 sites near where seropositive deer were captured and the residence of the human case-patient. We processed 9,294 Amblyomma americanum ticks in pools by virus isolation in Vero E6 cells and reverse transcription PCR. Positive pools underwent whole-genome sequencing. Three pools were positive for HRTV (minimum infection rate 0.46/1,000 ticks) and none for Bourbon virus. Cell cultures confirmed HRTV presence in 2 pools. Genome sequencing, achieved for the 3 HRTV isolates, showed high similarity among samples but marked differences with previously sequenced HRTV isolates. The isolation and genomic characterization of HRTV from A. americanum ticks in Georgia confirm virus presence in the state. Clinicians and public health professionals should be aware of this emerging tickborne pathogen.
Supply-Side Versus Demand-Side Unmet Need: Implications for Family Planning Programs

Despite its central importance to global family planning, the “unmet need for contraception” metric is frequently misinterpreted. Often conflated with a lack of access, misinterpretation of what unmet need means and how it is measured has important implications for family planning programs. We review previous examinations of unmet need, with a focus on the roles of access and demand for contraception, as well as the role of population control in shaping the indicator’s priorities. We suggest that disaggregating unmet need into “demand-side unmet need” (stemming from lack of demand) and “supply-side unmet need” (stemming from lack of access) could allow current data to be leveraged into a more person-centered understanding of contraceptive need. We use Demographic and Health Survey data from seven sub-Saharan African countries to generate a proof-of-concept, dividing women into unmet need categories based on reason for contraceptive nonuse. We perform sensitivity analyses with varying conceptions of access and disaggregate by education and marital status. We find that demand-side unmet need far exceeds supply-side unmet need in all scenarios. Focusing on supply-side rather than overall unmet need is an imperfect but productive step toward person-centered measurement, while more sweeping changes to family planning measurement are still required.
2-D Finite-Element Modeling of Surface Dielectric Barrier Plasma Discharge Devices to Understand the Influence of Design Parameters on Sterilization Applications

In this study, voltage distribution and surface dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) of a microplasma discharge device (MDD) were modeled in 2-D domain using finite-element analysis (FEA). Initially, the voltage distribution across comb-, H-tree-, and honeycomb-structured MDD was analyzed. Then, the cross section of an MDD consisting of a polyimide-based dielectric sandwiched between two copper electrodes was used for modeling the microplasma discharge characteristics in an argon environment. A sinusoidal voltage was applied to one of the copper electrodes while the other electrode was grounded. The spatial distributions of electron temperature (ET) across the electrodes for varying input voltages were simulated to demonstrate the importance of breakdown voltage. A detailed analysis on the effect of varying electrode and dielectric barrier thicknesses on electron density and ET was also performed to understand the importance of optimizing device configurations for microplasma discharge. Moreover, MDD was also simulated in varying ambient temperature and pressure conditions to evaluate their effect on ET and density across the electrodes. The results from these simulations provide a better understanding of parameters such as varying input voltage, electrode, and dielectric thickness on ET and electron density. This enables us to optimize design parameters for fabricating MDDs and the operating conditions for effective sterilization applications.
Absolute Paleointensity Experiments on Aged Thermoremanent Magnetization: Assessment of Reliability of the Tsunakawa‐Shaw and Other Methods With Implications for “Fragile” Curvature

Absolute paleointensity (API) of the geomagnetic field can be estimated from volcanic rocks by comparing the natural remanent magnetization (NRM) to a laboratory‐induced thermoremanent magnetization (Lab‐TRM). Plots of NRM unblocking versus Lab‐TRM blocking from API experiments often exhibit nonideal curvature, which can result in biased estimates. Previous work showed that curvature can increase with age; however, selection criteria designed to eliminate such behavior yielded accurate estimates for two‐year‐aged specimens (70.3 ± 3.8 μT; N = 96 specimens out of 120 experiments). API can also be estimated in coercivity space. Here, we use the Tsunakawa‐Shaw (TS) method applied to 20 specimens aged in the laboratory field of 70.0 μT for 4 years, after acquisition of zero‐age (fresh) Lab‐TRM in the same field. Selection criteria for the TS experiment also yielded accurate results (68.5 ± 4.5 μT; N = 17 specimens). In thermal API experiments, curvature is related to internal structure with more single domain‐like behavior having the least curvature. Here we show that the fraction of anhysteretic remanent magnetization demagnetized by low‐temperature treatment was larger for samples with larger thermal curvatures suggesting a magnetocrystalline anisotropy source. We also tested experimental remedies that have been proposed to improve the accuracy of paleointensity estimates. In particular, we test the efficacy of the multi‐specimen approach and a strategy pretreating specimens with low field alternating field demagnetization prior to the paleointensity experiment. Neither yielded accurate results.
Estimation of the empirical risk‐return relation: A generalized‐risk‐in‐mean model

The risk–return relation is an important topic in finance. To quantify such relation, the article introduces a new heteroscedastic volatility model, called the generalized‐risk‐in‐mean model (GRM), and considers its entire statistical inference procedure. To adapt potential heavy‐tailed phenomena in financial data or an over‐parametrization problem in modeling, the self‐weighted quasi‐maximum likelihood estimation (S‐QMLE) is studied and its asymptotics is established, which is non‐standard when null volatility coefficients exist. Compared with GARCH‐in‐mean models (GARCH‐M) in the literature, asymptotics of the S‐QMLE of our model is much easier to be established under some tractable yet simple conditions. It is very difficult to obtain asymptotics of the QMLE in the GARCH‐M, which requires many over‐complicated assumptions that are hard to verify in practice. Further, the Wald, Lagrange multiplier, and quasi‐likelihood ratio tests are proposed to test for coefficients, and their limiting distributions are derived. Simulation studies are conducted to assess the finite‐sample performance of the entire statistical inference procedure and a real example is analyzed to illustrate the usefulness of the GRM.
The role of deliberative planning in translating best practice into good practice: from placeless-ness to placemaking

Abstract Best practice encompasses a transfer of expert knowledge developed in one setting to address a particular issue and, through achieving some recognised benchmark, that technique, model and/or policy is applied in another setting to achieve the same desired improvement. Best practice can sometimes bring with it an inherent structure and assumed knowledge that may largely be absent in the new setting to which it is being applied. This type of “best practice” approach may come to represent the placeless-ness of externally derived and applied planning knowledge; removing itself from deliberative planning, placemaking and coproduction efforts where a collective and jointly aspired-to outcome is desired. The objectives of this paper are twofold: 1) to examine the implementation of a transfer of planning ideas across distances and in planning practice by investigating two very different “best practice” case studies (one in Australia and one in Nepal); and 2) to develop an adaptive “good practice” approach that can be used to structure deliberative planning efforts in placemaking. Central to this paper is the theoretical perspective of the diversity, interdependence and authentic dialogue (DIAD) theory of collaborative rationality and its emphasis on deliberation, collaboration and use of different knowledge types to aid with decision-making. The theoretical ideas of the paper are then worked through the two case studies to also illustrate that the DIAD may be applied to site-specific (design/planning) projects, thereby adding a new layer of good practice applicability to the theory.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF POULTRY AND FISH FREEZING USING PROTECTIVE PECTIN COATINGS

Maintaining the quality of poultry and pond fish as much as possible is important. Freezing poultry immediately after slaughter and fish after catching allows you to solve this problem. Freezing in liquid media leads to an increase in the speed of the process and, accordingly, a better preservation of the quality indicators of products. At the same time, in the process of freezing in brines containing calcium chloride, it leads to the diffusion of calcium ions into the muscle tissue of poultry or fish and the appearance of a bitter taste. To prevent salting out of raw materials, we have proposed the use of biologically inert coatings based on pectin. The purpose of this study is to study the possibility of using low methoxylated pectin substances to improve product quality. The influence of a number of technological factors on the protective properties of the coating is studied. These factors include the concentration of pectin substances, the pH of the medium, the presence or absence of pretreatment of the surface of a poultry or fish carcass with citric acid. The strength of the coating and its barrier properties with respect to the diffusion of calcium ions have been studied. It is recommended to use a concentration of pectin substances of 3% with preliminary treatment of the carcass surface with 1% citric acid solution, followed by fixing the formed pectin film with 1% calcium chloride solution. Such processing allows to achieve a maximum concentration of calcium chloride in the muscle tissue of poultry or fish of no more than 0.5% – the value allowed by the standard. It is shown that the use of freezing in brine leads to a significant decrease in the weight loss of the product during storage compared to freezing in air – three times. The use of a coating based on pectin can reduce weight loss by a factor of eight. The quality indicators of products are also much better preserved – water retention capacity, acid number of fat and peroxide value of fat. The organoleptic properties of poultry and fish processed according to the proposed technology are noticeably superior to those of raw materials frozen both in air and in brine without applying a protective coating.
Impacts of Limited Model Resolution on the Representation of Mountain Wave and Secondary Gravity Wave Dynamics in Local and Global Models. 1: Mountain Waves in the Stratosphere and Mesosphere

Long‐term efforts have sought to extend global model resolution to smaller scales enabling more accurate descriptions of gravity wave (GW) sources and responses, given their major roles in coupling and variability throughout the atmosphere. Such studies reveal significant improvements accompanying increasing resolution, but no guidance on what is sufficient to approximate reality. We take the opposite approach, using a finite‐volume model solving the Navier‐Stokes equations exactly. The reference simulation addresses mountain wave (MW) generation and responses over the Southern Andes described using isotropic 500 m, central resolution by Fritts et al. (2021), https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-20-0207.1 and Lund et al. (2020), https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-19-0356.1. Reductions of horizontal resolution to 1 and 2 km result in (a) systematic increases in initial MW breaking altitudes, (b) weaker, larger‐scale generation of secondary GWs and acoustic waves accompanying these dynamics, and (c) significantly weaker and less extended responses in the mesosphere in latitude and longitude. Horizontal resolution of 4 km largely suppresses instabilities, but allows weak, sustained mean‐flow interactions. Responses for 8 km resolution are very weak and fail to capture any aspects of the high‐resolution responses. The chosen mean winds allow efficient MW penetration into the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, hence only exhibit strong pseudo‐momentum deposition and mean wind decelerations at higher altitudes. A companion paper by Fritts et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036035 explores the impacts of decreasing resolution on responses in the thermosphere.
Validation of Persian Version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified Questionnaire among Iranian Adults

Background: Dementia is a growing public health problem worldwide, and its early detection can help to manage the disease more effectively. This study aimed to validate the Persian version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified (TICS-m) questionnaire in older adults in the northeast of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was accomplished as part of the Neyshabur Longitudinal Study on Ageing (NeLSA) from January to May 2019. The translated Persian version of TICS-m was tested for content and face validity. The construct validity of the questionnaire was also assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with the extraction method of principal component analysis (PCA) and Oblimin rotation. Results: A total of 210 community-dwelling adults (aged ≥ 50; mean age: 59.6 ± 6.8 years) were registered in the NeLSA. The content validity ratio (CVR) of all items in the TICS-m questionnaire was higher than 0.62. The content validity index (CVI) of the three items was less than 0.78; so, these items were revised and replaced with alternative words. The face validity of the questionnaire was also confirmed. According to the results of EFA, the six extracted factors accounted for 68.8% of the total variance. Conclusions: Our results revealed that the construct validity of the Persian version of the TICS-m is satisfactory.
Just an ‘optional extra’ in the ‘victim toolkit’?: The culture, mechanisms and approaches of criminal justice organisations delivering restorative justice in England and Wales

Despite policy and guidance stating that all victims of crime should have ‘equal access’ to restorative justice in England and Wales, victim participation remains low. Here, the ways in which criminal justice agents – responsible for providing victim services, including restorative justice – offer restorative justice to victims are explored. Drawing upon empirical data collected from criminal justice organisations in two police force areas, this article outlines what factors lie behind the inconsistencies found across police forces in terms of structure and delivery of restorative justice. Work pressures, differing views of the suitability or effectiveness of restorative justice and a lack of systematic guidance that underpins the work culture of criminal justice organisations all impede victims’ access to restorative justice. This paper concludes with recommendations for embedding a culture of restorative justice within criminal justice organisations based upon the principles of inclusivity and engagement.
Abstract 10353: Independent Validation of the Ecg Risk Score for Sudden Death Risk Stratification in Pediatric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in children and young adults. An ECG risk score tested in a Swedish cohort of 155 children with HCM had 97% sensitivity, 80% specificity, 45% positive predictive value (PPV), and 99% negative predictive value (NPV) for SCD risk prediction. Our goal was to validate the ECG risk score in an independent HCM cohort. Methods: Phenotype-positive pediatric HCM patients seen at a single center between 1987-2019 with at least 5 years follow-up from diagnosis, or a SCD event within 5 years of diagnosis, were retrospectively identified. First-evaluation ECGs were analyzed by a single operator blinded to patient outcomes. ECG risk score was calculated using QRS electrical axis, amplitude, duration, ST/T-wave abnormalities and QTc duration. The primary outcome was a composite of SCD, aborted sudden cardiac arrest, and appropriate shock from a prophylactic ICD. Results: Of 144 eligible patients with a median follow-up 14.6 yrs, 22 experienced SCD events within five years from diagnosis at a median age 12.1 yrs. The ECG risk score in patients experiencing a SCD event was 2-fold higher i.e. 8 (IQR 7-10) compared to the remaining cohort i.e. 4 (IQR 2-8) (p<0.001). An ECG risk score >5 had a sensitivity of 95% (CI 77%-100%), specificity 56% (46%-65%), PPV 28% (24%-33%), NPV 99% (91%-100%), and a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.76 for its ability to discriminate between patients with and without SCD events ( Figure 1 ). Compared to the discovery cohort, the score had strong sensitivity and NPV, but lower specificity and PPV. Conclusions: The ECG risk score for SCD risk stratification performed well in an independent Canadian validation cohort but overestimated SCD risk. Futher analysis will determine if inclusion of the ECG risk score can enhance the performance of currently available SCD risk prediction models for pediatric HCM.
Coccidioidomycosis Cases at a Regional Referral Center, West Texas, USA, 2013–2019

We describe 73 patients with coccidioidomycosis diagnosed or treated at a regional referral center in West Texas, USA. Patients most at risk worked in oil production or agriculture; the most-associated health factors were smoking and diabetes. Patient demographics suggest that access to care may affect coccidioidomycosis diagnosis in this region.