Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Chemical and Microbial Spoilage of Chicken Fillet Coated with Chitosan, Ginger Essential Oil ( Zingiber officinale ) and Medlar concentrate ( Mespilus germanica L.) during refrigerated storage

Lipid oxidation and microbial growth are the most important factors affecting the quality and corrosivity of the meat in refrigerated storage conditions. In this study, the effect of using chitosan, Medlar concentrate, ginger essential oil alone and in combination with each other on improving the quality and shelf life of chicken meat kept in the refrigerator was investigated.8 groups in this study during 12 days were stored at refrigerator and Microbial (aerobic mesophilic & Psychotrophic Plate count) and chemical (PV, TBA, TVB-N) and. sensory parameters were measured at days 0, 4, 8 and 12. Total phenol and reducing power tests were also performed to evaluate the antioxidant properties . Based on the results of GC/MS, the major compounds of ginger essential oil were α-Zingiberene (36.54%),  Sesquiphellandrene (16.45%) and trans-γ-Cadinene (10.27%) were formed. The results of this study showed that the chitosan-coated treatment containing 2% ginger essential oil and medlar concentrate, decreased the microbial parameters significantly ( P <0.05) as compared to control group during the storage period ( P <0.05). the oxidation indices of chicken meat samples had significantly fewer changes ( P <0.05), had the strongest antioxidant and sensory effect on other groups during storage. The results of microbiological, chemical and sensory analysis of this study showed that the effect of chitosan coating containing 2%ginger essential oil and medlar concentrate was effective in increasing the shelf life and quality of chicken meat for 12 days during storage in the refrigerated
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises Financing In Nigeria: Problems and Prospects

Having identified the indispensable roles of SMEs as the most viable engine for job creation, economic growth and development, and the need for the development of the Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria, this paper limits its focus amidst many other factors inhibiting and stagnating the growth of SMEs in the country to financing. Adopting the descriptive survey method, this paper examined the major interventions in forms of institutions, policies and programmes in this all important sector, and how much these interventions have made finances accessible to the SMEs. This paper, also identified among others, the stringent and unrealistic conditions for accessing these interventionists funds through the banks, and the no clear standard guideline for banks to comply in the disbursement of these funds as the major obstacle to SMEs financing in Nigeria. Recommendation was thus made among others, for an approved guideline for all participating banks to comply in the administration of these interventionists funds.
Estimation of the charged defect density from hot-electron transport studies in epitaxial ZnO

High-field electron transport measurements by applying short (few ns) voltage pulses on nominally undoped n-type Zn-polar ZnO epilayers are reported and interpreted in terms of the Boltzmann kinetic equation. The transient measurements do not demonstrate a significant change in the electron density up to 320 kV/cm electric field. This result together with the experimental data on the current allows one to estimate the electron drift velocity from the measured current: the highest value of ~2.9 × 107 cm/s is obtained at the pre-breakdown field of 320 kV/cm for the ZnO layer with the electron density of 1.5 × 1017 cm–3. The densities of double-charged oxygen vacancies (~1.6 × 1017 cm–3) and other charged centres (~1.7 × 1017 cm–3) are assumed for the best fit of the simulated and measured hot-electron effect. A correlation with the epilayer growth conditions is demonstrated: the higher Zn cell temperature favours the formation of a higher density of the oxygen vacancies (1.9 × 1017 cm–3 at 347°C).
Key dimensions of supply management’s value creation ability

Purpose This study examines the dimensions of supply management that may contribute to its ability to create value. Based on previous literature, this study proposes that key supplier management, the strategic level of supply management and supplier relationship management capabilities can be supply management factors that significantly influence its ability to create value. Design/methodology/approach The issue is examined using survey data collected in Finland, and the concepts are tested using regression analysis. Findings The results show that key supplier management, the strategic level of supply management and supplier relationship management capabilities are significant dimensions of value creation in supply management. The findings support the contemporary understanding of value in which firms endeavour to create value for the company, its customers and its suppliers. Originality/value Previously, value creation has received minor attention in supply chain management research. Although previous research clearly shows that strategic supply management plays a significant role in firms’ competitiveness and performance, its role and potential in value creation have been less studied. Thus, this study contributes by empirically examining the factors affecting the ability of a firm’s supply management to create value.
Profile of Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Markers in Male Athletes Following Strenuous Exercise Session

With the increasing number of people who participate in one form of exercise or the other, believing that it improves health and enhances professional sporting career, the question of its health benefit can only be answered with the knowledge of the metabolic changes that occur during exercise. This study therefore, was aimed at investigating the implications of physical exercise on some metabolic biomarkers, and to identify the changes that occur in subjects who undergo strenuous regular physical exercise in the tropics. Blood samples were collected from 86 male athletes and 100 male non-athletes aged between 22 and 30 years following established protocols. The athletes were at the peak of their training in preparation for a major sporting event and the blood samples were collected at rest and immediately after strenuous exercise sessions; while blood samples from the non-athletes were collected only at rest and served as control. The samples were prepared and used for the evaluation of some metabolic and oxidative stress markers. All experimental evaluations were done following well established methods. Result showed that serum Original Research Article Nwoke et al.; AJMAH, 17(4): 1-10, 2019; Article no.AJMAH. 54404 2 concentrations of creatinine, urea, bilirubin, testosterone and cortisol all significantly increased in athletes after strenuous exercise. However, there was no statistical significant change in these biomarkers between athletes at rest and non-athletes. Also except glutathione reductase which significantly decreased in athletes after exercise, other oxidative stress markers assayed significantly increased in athletes after exercise; there was also no significant change between athletes at rest and non-athletes. From the result, this study concludes that strenuous exercise may increase oxidative stress in the cells, cause hemolysis or muscle damage and subsequent myoglobin degradation.
ROCZNIKI PSYCHOLOGICZNE 2016,2 WERSJA ANGIELSKA NA STRONĘ INTERNETOWĄ

The article presents the results of a study conduct e on a sample of 80 women aged 19-25 and 72 women aged 40-74. The relationships of the two comp onents of self-complexity (the quantity of self-aspects and the amount of overlap between thei r contents) with the multidimensionally defined sense of identity were examined. Additionally, phas e of life differences in the magnitude of these relationships were also investigated. I used the Se lf-Complexity Questionnaire (SCQ; Barczak, Besta, & Bazi ńska, 2007) and the Multidimensional Questionnaire o f Identity (MQI; Pilarska, 2012). The obtained results showed that the predict ive importance of the number of roles for the sense of identity was marginal, whereas the similar ity in the content of roles seemed to favor maintaining the sense of identity. In addition, althoug h significant differences were observed in the self -concept structure and the strength of the sense of identity between the two groups of women, the relationships between these areas of personality we re not affected by the phase of the life cycle.
WinBro: A Window and Broadcast- based Parallel Streaming Graph Partitioning Framework for Apache Flink

The past years have shown an increasing demand to process data of various kinds and size in real-time. A common representation for many real-world scenarios is a graph, which shows relations between entities, such as users of social networks or pages on the Internet. These graphs increase in size over time and can easily exceed the capacity of single machines. Graph partitioning is used to divide graphs into multiple subgraphs on different servers. Traditional partitioning techniques work in an offline manner where the whole graph is processed before partitioning. Due to the recently increased demand for real-time analysis, online partitioning algorithms have been introduced. They are able to partition a graph arriving as a stream, also referred to as a streaming graph, without any pre-processing step. The goal of a good graph partitioning algorithm is to maintain the data locality and to balance partitions’ load at the same time. Although different algorithms have proven to achieve both goals for real-world graphs, they often require to maintain a state. However, modern stream processing systems, such as Apache Flink, work with a shared-nothing architecture in a data-parallel manner. Therefore, they do not allow to exchange information along with parallel computations. These systems usually use Hash-based partitioning, that is a fast stateless technique but ignores the graph structure. Hence, it can lead to longer analysis times for streaming applications which could benefit from preserved structures. This work aims to develop a state-sharing parallel streaming graph partitioner for Apache Flink, calledWinBro, implementing well-performing partitioning algorithms. In order to do this, existing streaming graph algorithms are studied for possible implementation and then integrated into WinBro. For validation, different experiments were made with real-world graphs. In these experiments, the partitioning quality, and partitioning speed were measured. Moreover, the performance of different streaming applications using WinBro was measured and compared with the default Hash-based partitioning method. Results show that the new partitionerWinBro provides better partitioning quality in terms of data locality and also higher performance for applications with requirements for locality-based input data. Nonetheless, the Hash-based partitioner shows the highest throughput and better performance for data localityagnostic streaming applications.
Reassessment of the Taxonomic Status of Four Pagurus Species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Paguridae) in Korea Using DNA Barcoding

Pagurus is the most diverse hermit crab genus in Korea. In this study, the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S rRNA of 24 individuals from four Korean Pagurus species (i.e., 7 Pagurus brachiomastus, 8 P. proximus, 8 P. simulans, and 1 P. rectidactylus) were sequenced and analyzed. No genetic difference was found between the COI and 16S rRNA sequences of P. brachiomastus and P. simulans, and the COI sequences of P. rectidactylus and P. quinquelineatus (comparative species from NCBI). Considering the morphological and ecological characteristics together, we assume that P. simulans and P. rectidactylus are subspecies of P. brachiomastus and P. quinquelineatus, respectively. This study should facilitate further research on the taxonomic status of these species.
Tax distortions, misallocation and productivity : the case of Colombia

This paper presents a version of neoclassical growth model in which production is carried out by heterogeneous plants and calibrate it for Colombian data (Colombian Annual Manufacturing Survey (AMS) from 2016). The output tax and value-added tax (VAT) produce distortions that a ect the size distribution of rms by labor and capital. Hence Total-factor productivity (TFP) and misallocation of resources are the most a ected by these distortions that vary in their structure and size. The main results show that with both distortions with the same size, the VAT with rebate increases TFP and aggregate output 5 percent. Besides, an output tax policy decreases both measures 15 percent. Este artículo presenta una versión del modelo de crecimiento neoclásico en el que la producción se lleva a cabo mediante plantas heterogéneas y se calibra para los datos colombianos (Encuesta Anual Manufacturera (EAM) de 2016). El impuesto a la producción y el impuesto al valor agregado (IVA) producen distorsiones que afectan la distribución del tamaño de las empresas por mano de obra y capital. Por lo tanto, la productividad total de los factores (PTF) y la mala asignación de recursos son los más afectados por estas distorsiones que varían en su estructura y tamaño. Los principales resultados muestran que ambas distorsiones con el mismo tamaño, el IVA con devolución aumenta la PTF y la producción agregada en un 5 por ciento. Además, una política de impuesto a la producción disminuye ambas medidas en un 15 por ciento.
Past demography and local adaptation in forest trees Insights from natural populations and breeding programs of Norway spruce

Li, L. 2020. Past demography and local adaptation in forest trees. Insights from natural populations and breeding programs of Norway spruce. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1899. 60 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-513-0865-4. Spatial changes in natural selection patterns can give rise to local adaptation and genetic differentiation between populations. Local adaptation for phenological traits is pronounced in many forest tree species. The Swedish breeding program was established from ‘plus’ trees selected across the country and can therefore be a very good source of information on local adaptation. In the present thesis, we estimated the genetic basis of local adaptation in two Eurasian spruce species Norway spruce (P. abies) and Siberian species (P. obovata) using largescale whole-exome data and Sanger sequences from samples taken from the Swedish breeding program and from natural populations. To detect signals of local adaptation in Norway spruce (P. abies), we started by studying population genetic clustering and inferring the demographic history of the species. In addition to the already known three main domains in Norway spruce, we also found four genetic clusters created by admixture events between the aforementioned three main clusters. Demographic inferences indicated two recolonizations directions in Scandinavia: east to west (from central Russia and Siberia) and south to north (from Alpine and Carpathian), but also revealed repeated hybridization between P. abies and P. obovata and gene flow among clusters. We next estimated the genetic basis of local adaptation of three phenotypic traits (height, diameter and budburst) by multivariate analyses and genome-wide association studies. The results showed that geographical origin is a strong predictor of growth and phenology and trees of southern origins outcompeted local provenances. We further revealed that growth traits were highly polygenic and bud-burst somewhat less. Population genetic structure largely affects the detection of local adaptation. Therefore we further visualized the fine-scale map of population genetic structure through dense sampling of trees from the Swedish breeding program. Trees of Swedish origins were assigned into two main clusters with an admixture zone in central Sweden and the genetic contribution from P. obovata was detected in northern Sweden. A large number of SNPs were found to be associated with environmental variables and exhibited a stronger pattern of isolation-by-distance than random SNPs. Finally we tested for local adaptation in two well-defined candidate genes (FTL2 and GI) of phenology in P. obovata. Clinal variation in FTL2 gene expression, growth cessation, and allele frequency of FLT2 and GI were revealed in populations along Ob River, paralleling the ones in Norway spruce populations in Scandinavia and in Siberian spruce populations along the Yenisei River.
TOXICITY OF CHLOROPHYLLIN COMPOUND ON FIELD AND SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS OF SPODOPTERA LITTORALIS, AND ITS BIOCHEMICAL IMPACT ON Α, Β AND ACETYLCHOLIN- ESTERASES

Chlorophyllin (CHL) is water-soluble analogue of chlorophyll pigment everywhere. This is due to the presence of many useful properties and its use as food additives and in alternative medicine. The study field was investigational at station of the faculty of Agricultural, Cairo University, at Giza governorates, Egypt. Result indicated that sub-lethal concentrations of sodium copper chlorophyllin and magnesium copper chlorophyllin on field and susceptible strains Spodoptera littoralis . The concentration (10-2 M) for both sodium copper chlorophyllin and magnesium copper chlorophyllin was more effective than concentration (10-3 M) on field strains and susceptible strains of Spodoptera littoralis. The determination activity level α-esterases, βesterases and acetylcholine were determined in the total body homogenates of Spodoptera littoralis . The results show that CHL was affected both (α – β) esterase enzyme. β –esterase activity showed significant activity increase, and α-esterase showed significant activity reduction in most treatment. on the other hand the acetylcholinesterase activity show low various.
Analysis of satisfaction investigation to outpatient service in Xuzhou tertiary hospital

Objective To investigate the outpatients' satisfaction with the medical service and its related factors in tertiary hospital.Methods Drawing random samples from 2 tertiary hospitals in Xuzhou city and investigating data in the form of questionaires.Results The overall satisfaction to the outpatient medical service covers 76.9%. The major factors reducing satisfaction are high medical treatment expenses(40%),long waiting(29.5%),going through redundant formalities(20%). Conclusion The service quality in outpatient department should be further improved by the way of reducing the medical treatment expenses,strengthening the management and providing the patient with convenient,cheap and superior quality services.
The Dynamics of Equity Risk Premium

Equity risk premium is a financial variable that is surrounded by mystery. Starting from the almost 30 year old equity premium puzzle caused by considerations that equity premium values which are observable in past data imply an implausibly high risk aversion to more recent statements that equity premium does not exist anymore. The purpose of this paper is to find out more about the traits and characteristics of equity risk premium, its current status and interactions of its values across international markets by conducting data analysis on mature equity markets using optimal methods as suggested in academic literature. This paper attempts to clear some of the confusion regarding equity premiums by analyzing equity excess returns in the mature equity markets of France, Germany, Sweden, United Kingdom and USA from 1970 to 2012. It is concluded that equity premium follows a mean reverting process however in short-term and mid-term its values can be volatile and in March 2000 there might have been a structural break. The obtained current equity premium values are significantly higher than zero. At the same time they are lower than popularly used values that are based on longer periods of past data. The paper also finds out that equity premiums in different countries are highly correlated not only due to shared global influence but also due to some direct causality relationships between them, most of which are positive. A panel data analysis is conducted as well to test the explanatory power of some macroeconomic and financial variables on the equity risk premium values and it is concluded that risk-free rate and unemployment rate have some explanatory power for equity risk premium values. This paper manages to clear a part of the mystery that surrounds the equity risk premium.
Effects of Chlorsulfuron and Sorghum Intercropping with Cowpea on Striga hermonthica Emergence and Sorghum Growth

Striga hermonthica is a major biotic constraint to cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa. Several control measures were reported, but their performance was often inconsistent. The present work was undertaken to determine the effects of the herbicide chlorsulfuron and intercropping sorghum (cv. Wad-Ahmed) with cowpea (T100K-901-6 cv.) on textitS. hermonthica incidence and sorghum growth. At 60 and 75 DAS, irrespective of Striga seed bank size, cowpea intercropped with sorghum displayed significant reduction in stem diameter (19.0-56.7%). Sorghum intercropped with cowpea at Striga seed bank size of 16 mg/pot resulted in a significant reduction in sorghum dry weight (61.6%). However, at 60 and 75 DAS displayed a significant reduction in sorghum height only at the seed bank size of 16 mg/pot. Chlorsulfuron applied to Sole sorghum at Striga seed bank size of 16 mg/pot reduced sorghum dry weight by 51.9%. Sorghum intercropped with cowpea and subsequently treated with chlorsulfuron at Striga seed bank size of 16 mg/pot decreased sorghum height significantly (20.8 29.5%). Sorghum intercropped with cowpea and subsequently treated with chlorsulfuron, irrespective of Striga seed bank size, reduced sorghum dry weight (28.147.6%). Chlorsulfuron applied during conditioning reduced Striga seed germination significantly in response to subsequent treatments with GR24.
The Effect Of Company Size, Profitability, Leverage, And Management Ownership Towards The Level Of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure

The Government has regulated CSR activities through Law No. 40 Year 2007 regarding Limited Liability Company. Mentioned that the company must perform and disclose CSR activities, especially companies that related to natural resources such as mining companies. The objective is to know the effect of company size, profitability, leverage, and management ownership on the level of CSR disclosure of mining companies listed on BEI during the period of 2014-2017. Using secondary data from annual report and financial report. The samples sum up to a total of ten companies with a four-year observation period, resulting in a total of 40 observational data. The method used in this research is multiple linear regression using SPSS 22.0 program. The result of the research shows that (1) firm size has positive effect on CSR disclosure level, (2) profitability and leverage has no effect on CSR disclosure level; (3) management ownership negatively affect CSR disclosure level. This finding contributes to the future research, companies, creditors, investors, and government.