Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Mining: Detecting Anomalous Patterns in Neural Network Activations with Subset Scanning

This work views neural networks as data generating systems and applies anomalous pattern detection techniques on that data in order to detect when a network is processing a group of anomalous inputs. Detecting anomalies is a critical component for multiple machine learning problems including detecting the presence of adversarial noise added to inputs. More broadly, this work is a step towards giving neural networks the ability to detect groups of out-of-distribution samples. This work introduces “Subset Scanning” methods from the anomalous pattern detection domain to the task of detecting anomalous inputs to neural networks. Subset Scanning allows us to answer the question: “Which subset of inputs have largerthan-expected activations at which subset of nodes? ” Framing the adversarial detection problem this way allows us to identify systematic patterns in the activation space that span multiple adversarially noised images. Such images are “weird together”. Leveraging this common anomalous pattern we show increased detection power as the proportion of noised images increases in a test set. Detection power and accuracy results are provided for targeted adversarial noise added to CIFAR-10 images on a 20-layer ResNet using the Basic Iterative Method attack.
Mathematical model of differentially steered mobile robot

Paper deals with dynamic mathematical model of an ideal differentially steered drive system (mobile robot) planar motion. The aim is to create model that describes trajectory of a robot’s arbitrary point. The trajectory depends on supply voltage of both drive motors. Selected point trajectory recomputation to trajectories of wheels contact points with plane of motion is a part of the model, too. The dynamic behaviour of engines and chassis, form of coupling between engines and wheels and basic geometric dimensions are taken into account. The dynamic model will be used for design and verification of a robot’s motion control in MATLAB / SIMULINK simulation environment.
Insider Trading and the Predictability of Stock Returns: Evidence for the Banking Sector

Esther B. Del Brio (Universidad de Salamanca, Spain), Gerardo Gómez (Universidad de Salamanca, Spain), and Javier Perote (Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid; Spain). ABSTRACT No evidence exists so far on the causality between insider trading and stock returns for the banking industry. This paper provides the first evidence on the casual relationship between both variables both at the aggregate and at the firm level. We find that bank insiders are able to predict future returns at firm level, but no relationship is found at the aggregate level. Therefore, we conclude that the stock mispricing detected by insiders is not caused by economy-wide factors, but by firm-specific features. Unlike previous literature, we also analyse the firm-specific variables that cause bank insider trading. By using panel data estimation for the first time in the insider trading literature, we identify bank reputation, level of entrenchment, charter values, capitalisation and size as determinant factors.
BURNOUT OF PRIMARY CAREGIVERS OF CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the burnout of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP), and to assess the relationship between burnout levels and the variables. Material and Method: Demographic characteristics, CP type, ambulation status, Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) levels, accompanying problems were recorded. Caregivers were asked to fill Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Results: 115 patients were included in the study (56.5% boys, 43.5% girls). Their mean age was 7.84 years. Primary caregivers of 111 children were their mothers (96.5%). The neurologic classification were as follows: diplegia 27.8%, tetraplegia 43.5%, hemiplegia 20%. The GMFCS levels were as follows: level 1 15.7%, level 2 13.9%, level 3 17.4%, level 4 23.5%, level 5 29.6%. MBI subdimensions measurement scores were: reduced personal accomplishment: 23.25, emotional exhaustion: 12.21, and depersonalization: 3.81. We didn’t detect any significant correlation between the GMFCS levels of children and caregivers’ burnout. The presence of pain (69.6%) and chronic disease (31.3%) were releated with emotional exhaustion (p=0.006, p=0.008, respectively). The children’s ambulation status was related with emotional exhaustion (p=0.03). Fathers’ lack of interest (27%) was related with depersonalization (p=0.0019). Speech disorder was related with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (p=0.031, p=0.04, respectively). There was no significant relationship between caregivers’ burnout and caregivers’ age-education status, income level, the presence of epilepsy and mental retardation in child. Conclusion: The presence of chronic disease and pain, fathers’ lack of interest, children’s ambulation status and speech disorders were detected as the factors that case caregivers burnout. Psychologic and physical health of caregivers affect child. So, not only children with CP but also their caregivers should be considered.
Volume 38 , Issue 1 Personality and Risk Aversion

A number of papers have recently explored the relation between personality measures and risk aversion. However, research on risk aversion using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality measure is scarce. The relation of various dimensions of the MBTI with risk aversion is at the moment under-researched compared to its use in the business and counseling world. To explore this relation, we carried out an incentivized experiment using 333 business school students. We find that according to our theoretical hypotheses, respondents scoring higher on Introversion, Sensing, Feeling and Judging are more risk averse, with the effect for Sensing and Feeling being non-linear. We also find women, Master students, respondents coming from a quantitative background and respondents that do not follow the stock markets to be more risk averse. The relations highlighted between the MBTI dimensions and risk aversion correspond broadly to the findings already evidenced using the Big 5 in studies using questionnaires or lotteries. This emphasizes the significant overlap between the two personality evaluation methods in relation to risk aversion. Our findings also underscore that the MBTI might be a useful tool in studies on risk aversion using lotteries, given the significant link of its dimensions with the elicited risk aversion in our study. We thank participants of the 2017 Finance and Brain workshop in Lyon, France, for helpful comments and discussions on the paper. We would also like to thank the anonymous referee for his / her valuable and constructive comments. Citation: François Desmoulins-Lebeault and Jean-François Gajewski and Luc Meunier, (2018) ''Personality and Risk Aversion'', Economics Bulletin, Volume 38, Issue 1, pages 472-489 Contact: François Desmoulins-Lebeault francois.desmoulins-lebeault@grenoble-em.com, Jean-François Gajewski jeanfrancois.gajewski@univ-lyon3.fr, Luc Meunier luc.meunier@grenoble-em.com. Submitted: August 02, 2017. Published: February 27, 2018. Submission Number: EB-17-00614 Personality and risk aversion François Desmoulins-lebeault Grenoble Ecole de Management Jean-françois Gajewski Luc Meunier IREGE Université Savoie Mont Blanc Grenoble Ecole de Management and IREGE Université Savoie Mont Blanc
Igbo Traditional religion and Land Preservation

The study examines Igbo Traditional Religion and Land Preservation in Igboland. The study disclosed that land is very important at the international and national levels especially in the sub-Saharan West Africa with emphasis on Igbo. It also revealed that a lot of cares is taken to preserve this valued and highly cherished gift from God. The Igbo who are highly religious have devoid many of the means to protect the land mass or earth. Supremely, they have used religious elements in doing this such as worship of earth-goddess, taboos, sacrilization of land, religious festivals and rituals. Re-visit of the traditional methods of land preservation, modification of these methods of land preservation so as to accommodate people of other religious affiliation, Christians should be allowed to practice the Christian methods of land preservation without hurting the feeling of others and Christian teachings against human greediness and land speculations should be intensified in order to check the excesses of many greedy individuals and communities from exploiting land users and true owners of the land are highly recommended.
Influence of Teaching Practice Exercise on Pre-service Teachers’ Professional Development

The study investigated the influence of teaching practice exercise on pre-service teachers’ professional development with regards to sustaining quality assurance of teacher education. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. A sample of 420 pre-service teachers from Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri Imo State, were selected for the study through stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was researchers made 4-point likert type questionnaire titled “Teaching Practice Exercise and Teachers’ Professional Development (TPETPD)”. It had reliability coefficient of 0.79 determined using cronbach’s alpha formula. The data generated was analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions while the hypotheses were tested using chi-square(x 2 ) and t-test statistical tools at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study revealed that teaching practice is very essential in pre-service teachers’ professional development irrespective of gender. Based on the result, it was recommended that preservice teachers should take their teaching practice exercise serious to enable them function properly during their teaching profession
EU Agencies: a literature review

The European Union, as a ‘policy-making state’ (Richardson, 1996), have centred its activities by large on a variety of regulatory policies rather than redistributive or distributive ones (Majone 1996, Scharpf 2000, Eberlein and Grande 2005). Following the development of regulatory frameworks since the 1980s in many policy areas, particularly in the 2000s, this aim has provoked a major institutional innovation within the EU political system: the emergence of specialized agencies which are supposed to complement the European Union administrative system with larger resources and capabilities (Busuioc, 2013: 13-14). They are also responsible for organizing and coordinating the harmonization of a framework for regulatory governance among member states in specific policy areas (Coen and Thatcher; 2008). This move also benefited from the delegation of power that member states did to national independent regulatory agencies (IRAs) since the 1990s. This logic made of IRAs the “natural” intermediaries between European agencies and state-level institutions.
Engaging, supporting and retaining academic at-risk students in a Bachelor of Nursing: Setting risk markers, interventions and outcomes

Student attrition from nursing programs impacts on sustainability of the profession. Factors associated with attrition include: lack of academic capital, extracurricular responsibilities, first generation tertiary students, and low socio-economic or traditionally underrepresented cultural background. Successful Australian government reforms designed to advance equity in higher education have increased student population diversity, which is accompanied by a rise in the incidence of risk factors for attrition (Benson, Heagney, Hewitt, Crosling, & Devos, 2013). This prospective study examined commencing nursing students in their first semester to track critical risk markers associated with attrition, and implemented timely interventions to support subject completion or enrolment perseverance in the event of subject failure. Students who attended orientation, accessed blended learning, attended early tutorials, submitted and passed first assessment items, and studied part-time were significantly more likely to pass the subject overall. Interventions based on good practice principles for student engagement and support resulted in increased retention.
Role of Smallholder Farmers in Nigeria’s Food Security

The study reviewed the role of smallholder farmers in ensuring food security in Nigeria. Smallholder farmers are those farmers owning small-based plots of land on which they grow subsistence crops and one or two cash crops relying almost exclusively on family labor. More than 80 percent of farmers in Nigeria are small holder farmers. Agriculture is a major contributor to Nigeria’s gross domestic product (GDP) and small-scale farmers play a dominant role in this contribution. A small scale farmer depends on his efficiency in the utilization of basic production resources available to him. He makes a significant and important contribution to the national product, about 99 percent of total crops output. The small scale farmer is the main producer of 98 percent of the food consumed in Nigeria with the exception of wheat. Over the years, deliberate efforts have been made to improve agricultural production by Nigerian governments and some foreign bodies but these efforts have not yielded expected results. The Nigerian economy has what it takes to be food-secured given the enormous natural resources endowed with. What is required is a re-orientation of the agricultural sector by properly repositioning the peasant farmers who are the providers of food in Nigeria. With their immense collective experience and intimate knowledge of local conditions, smallholders hold many of the practical solutions that can help place agriculture on a more sustainable and equitable footing. To do this, they need help to overcome market failures and other disincentives for sustainable land use, including insecure land tenure, high transaction costs and weak institutional support. A major challenge will be to address the discrepancies of scale between decisions made at the farm level and impacts at larger ecosystem scales.
Sub-Optimal Plasma Zinc Levels Predict High-Risk PSA Status among Native Nigerian Men with Prostate Cancer

Background: Sub-optimal plasma zinc level is hypothesized to initiate prostate carcinogenesis which may indicate a link with PSA levels. Hence, this study was an attempt to verify this link among Nigerian men with prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 220 histologically-verified PCa patients, conducted in a Nigerian third-level health facility. Clinical, demographic and laboratory variables were obtained and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Plasma zinc and total serum PSA were determined using standard methods. Results: High-risk PSA status was observed among the majority (n = 187; 85.0%) of the study cohorts. Most (n = 136; 72.7%) of the cohorts with high-risk PSA status exhibited sub-optimal plasma zinc levels. Inverse relationship existed between plasma zinc and serum PSA among the entire study cohorts (B: -0.401; SE: 2.776; p< 0.001) and among those with high-risk PSA levels (B: -0.309; SE: 2.784; p < 0.001) in unadjusted model. However, the inverse relationship was amplified among the subgroups with high-risk PSA levels (B: -0.322; SE: 0.327; p< 0.001) following adjustment for confounders. Sub-optimal plasma zinc level had greater likelihood of predicting high-risk PSA status in univariate (OR: 2.833; 95% CI: 1.332 – 6.027; p = 0.007) and multivariate (OR: 1.680; 95% CI: 1.157 – 3.937; p = 0.006) logistic regression models than PCa stage, PCa grade, family history of PCa, age, prostate volume, and BMI. Conclusion: The study suggests the association of sub-optimal plasma zinc levels with high-risk PSA status among PCa patients. Optimization of zinc status may, therefore, play a role to mitigate high-risk PCa disease. However, further studies are suggested to evaluate the conclusion of this study.
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA THESIS OR DISSERTATION FORMATTING TEMPLATE

about the document. When an article is selected, all associated articles in the Senior Scholars' Basket of Journals are highlighted in the graph and a list of these articles are presented on the opened information pane. This behavior is akin to performing a more-like-this query on a DRS. In addition, users can filter the displayed results based on different criteria, such as the publication year, the journal(s), or keywords, and perform search by titles, authors, or abstract of documents. Users can also observe how the map (or equivalently the field) has evolved over the years by using the sliding filter designed to limit the articles based on their publication year.
MPIRICAL S TUDIES ON THE P ROPERTIES OF L INEAR R EGIONS IN D EEP N EURAL N ETWORKS

A deep neural network (DNN) with piecewise linear activations can partition the input space into numerous small linear regions, where different linear functions are fitted. It is believed that the number of these regions represents the expressivity of the DNN. This paper provides a novel and meticulous perspective to look into DNNs: Instead of just counting the number of the linear regions, we study their local properties, such as the inspheres, the directions of the corresponding hyperplanes, the decision boundaries, and the relevance of the surrounding regions. We empirically observed that different optimization techniques lead to completely different linear regions, even though they result in similar classification accuracies. We hope our study can inspire the design of novel optimization techniques, and help discover and analyze the behaviors of DNNs.
Influence of extracellular matrix molecules on the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of murine retinal and brain progenitor cells in vitro

A greater understanding of the biology of neural progenitor cells and the effects of the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment on these cells will provide important information relevant to studies of central nervous system (CNS) development, regeneration, and repair. This study investigates the effect that purified collagen (COL), fibronectin (FN), and laminin (LAM) ECM substrates have on neural progenitor cells derived from the brain (BPCs) and retina (RPCs) of neanatal mice. The BPCs and RPCs were cultured on COL, FN, and LAM to determine if the ECM substrates influenced the adhesion of the cells to the substrate, their proliferation, or cell fate during differentiation. No statistically significant difference was observed in the number of BPCs and RPCs attached to the. ECM substrates, with the cells adhering equally well to COL, FN, and LAM. No statisically significant difference was observed in the number of proliferating BPCs and RPCs cultured on the ECM substrates. BPCs and RPCs cultured under differentiation conditions on COL, FN, and LAM expressed a variety of cell specific phenotypes,, as determined by immunocytochemistry. None of the ECM substrates made a statistically significant difference in the numbers of specific cell types. Finally, BPCs and RPCs were cultured on FN and labeled with antibodies against integrins and integrin associated proteins and the progenitor cells were found to possess a5 and R1 integrin subunits. Co-localization of these subunits with talin of the F-actin cytoskeleton suggests they are capable of forming focal adhesions and point contacts. This suggests that the BPCs and RPCs express a diverse complement of integrin receptors that permits effective adhesion to a variety of ECM substrates.
Frequency Configuration for Low-Power Wide-Area Networks in a Heartbeat

Low-power Wide-Area Networks (LP-WANs) are seen as a leading candidate to network the Internet-of-Things at city-scale. Yet, the battery life and performance of LP-WAN devices varies greatly based on their operating frequency. In multipath-rich urban environments, received signal power varies rapidly with a low-power transmitter’s frequency, impacting its transmission time, data rate and battery life. However, the low bandwidth of LP-WANs means that there are hundreds of operating frequencies to choose from. Among them, we show how choosing a select few of these frequencies( ≤ 3.55%) effectively triples the battery life when compared to the rest for LP-WAN devices. This paper presents Chime, a system enabling LP-WAN base stations to identify an optimal frequency of operation after the client sends one packet at one frequency. Chime achieves this by analyzing the wireless channels of this packet across many base stations to disentangle multipath and ascertain an optimal frequency that maximizes client battery life and minimizes interference. We implement Chime on a campus-scale test-bed and achieve a median gain of 3.4 dB in SINR leading to a median increase in battery life of 230% ( ∼ 1.4-5.7 years), data rate by 3.3 × and reduction in interference of 2.8 × over commodity LP-WANs.
PPA_A_198007 491..496

Xue-Hui Fang* Yi-Lin Dan* Jie Liu Lei Jun Zhi-Ping Zhang Xiao-Hong Kan Dong-Chun Ma Guo-Cui Wu 1Department of Science and Education, Anhui Provincial TB Institute, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Tuberculosis Prevention, Anqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anqing, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
Glucosyltransferase CsUGT78A14 Regulates Flavonols Accumulation and Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging in Response to Cold Stress in Camellia sinensis

Glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play diverse roles in cellular metabolism by altering regulatory metabolites activities. However, the physiological roles of most members of UGTs in crops in response to abiotic stresses are unknown. We have identified a novel glycosyltransferase CsUGT78A14 in tea crops, an important economic crops, whose expression is strongly induced by cold stress. Biochemical analyses confirmed that CsUGT78A14-1 showed the highest activity toward kaempferol and is involved in the biosynthesis of kaempferol-diglucoside, whereas the product of CsUGT78A14-2, which differs from CsUGT78A14-1 by a single amino acid, was identified as 3-O-glucoside. The accumulation of kaempferol monoglucosides and diglucosides was consistent with the expression levels of CsUGT78A14 in response to cold stress, as well as in different tissues and genotypes of tea plants. Down-regulation of CsUGT78A14 resulted in reduced accumulation of flavonols, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity and finally reduced tea plant stress tolerance under cold stress. The antioxidant capacity of flavonols aglycon was enhanced by glucosylation catalyzed by CsUGT78A14. The results demonstrate that CsUGT78A14 plays a critical role in cold stress by increasing flavonols accumulation and ROS scavenging capacity, providing novel insights into the biological role of UGTs and flavonoids in plants.