Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-term post-fire succession of Pinus brutia forest in the east Mediterranean

We studied post-fire long-term regeneration of a south-western Turkey (Antalya region) forest using the synchronical approach. We analysed species richness patterns and vegetation diversity. Species were grouped according to plant functional types and special emphasis was given to seeders and resprouters. We recorded two plant species richness peaks, with the highest richness immediately following the fire and with the second peak 7 years after disturbance. Beta diversity decreased over time but also showed two peaks. The results of our floristic survey show that the majority of species are present from the beginning of the succession and suggest that Pinus brutia forests of the east Mediterranean basin recover through autosuccession. However, changes in species richness and β diversity indicate successional changes and thus we cannot completely support the model of direct recovery.
Split-Radix Based Compact Hardware Architecture for CRYSTALS-Kyber

Facing the threat of large-scale quantum computers to traditional public-key cryptography, the National Institute of Standards and Technology has conducted Post-Quantum Cryptography algorithms evaluation for a long time, and CRYSTALS-Kyber has been selected to enter the standardization process. In the previous literature, hardware designs can significantly improve the performance of CRYSTALS-Kyber, and the most time-consuming operations are Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) and point-wise multiplication (PWM). However, the split-radix algorithm, which has a lower theoretical complexity in the FFT, has rarely been studied in the NTT. In this paper, we studied whether there are advantages of introducing split-radix algorithms into the NTT defined by CRYSTALS-Kyber and detailed derived the split-radix algorithms for the forward and inverse NTT without pre- or post-processing. By further optimizing the split-radix algorithm for the forward NTT, one of the three modular multipliers in the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol{L}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">L</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="guo-ieq1-3320040.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-shaped butterfly unit is replaced by shifting-and-addition, which will reduce the hardware resource consumption. Besides, we proposed a recombined formula for PWM, which reduces the capacity of the intermediate data RAM for PWM by 25%. Together with the proposed hardware scheduling method, the above algorithms can improve performance and save hardware resources.
Assessing determinant of firm value: Indonesia conventional bank analysis

The objective of this paper is to examine the factors of intellectual capital, financial leverage, institutional ownership, and working capital management (WCM) on firm value and the role of profitability as a mediator in influencing firm value. The research analysis unit focuses on the conventional banking sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The panel data was taken from 28 commercial banks for five years (2016–2020), with 140 observations and data is analyzed using path analysis. Based upon the result of hypothesis testing, the study concludes that the positive correlation between profitability and firm value. Furthermore, intellectual capital, financial leverage, institutional ownership, and WCM also positively affect firm value and profitability. Based on data analysis using path analysis by comparing the path coefficient substructure, the results show that profitability acts as a mediator the effect of intellectual capital, financial leverage, institutional ownership, and WCM on firm value.
Rupture, creep, lamellae and crocodiles: happenings in the continental crust

From the observation of certain seismic reflectivity patterns in Phanerozoic continental crusts a relationship is suggested between: (1) rupture and seismicity, generally restricted to the upper crust; (2) crocodile tectonics, a kind of vertical indentation, observed by diverging plane reflectors, preferably in the middle crust; (3) creep and the formation of reflecting lamellae in the lower crust. Based on these observations and on viscosity depth estimates a conceptual model for the above-mentioned structures is presented, which is also compatible with observations in older crusts. Boundary conditions are given for rupture as well as for lamellae-forming creep.
A Microfluidic Antenna-Sensor for Contactless Characterization of Complex Permittivity of Liquids

In this article, a microfluidic antenna-sensor based on a microwave transmission model is proposed for the contactless characterizing of the complex permittivity of liquid under test (LUT). The antenna-sensor comprised a cavity-backed slot antenna (CBSA) and a substrate-integrated waveguide re-entrant cavity resonator (SIW RECR) embedded with microfluidics. The microwave signal is fed into the SIW RECR through the coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed line. Then, the corresponding signal responded by the SIW RECR, which carries the liquid dielectric information, is radiated outward by the slot antenna and then captured by the external receiving horn antenna. Finally, the sensing signal is utilized to wirelessly characterize the complex permittivity of LUT. In addition, the equivalent circuit model of the SIW RECR CBSA sensor (CBSAS) without microfluidics is established to investigate the dielectric sensing mechanism. Then, a predictive model for predicting the complex permittivity of LUT is developed by a multivariable regression fitting method and a LabVIEW-based real-time test system. The predictive model is calibrated and verified by ethanol–water mixtures and methanol–water mixtures, respectively. The maximum errors of the extracted real and imaginary permittivity are 3.5% and 5.63%, respectively, which demonstrate the strong ability of the SIW RECR CBSAS to wirelessly characterize the complex permittivity of LUT. In addition, an uncertainty analysis is performed to determine the reliability of the measured results. The microfluidic antenna-sensor combined with the real-time test method provides a promising strategy for wireless dielectric measurement.
Stratigraphic control on extensional fault propagation folding: Big Brushy Canyon monocline, Sierra Del Carmen, Texas

Abstract Mechanical stratigraphy exerts a first-order control on deformation at a range of scales from oilfield-scale structural style to deformation (e.g. fracturing) within an individual reservoir stratum. This paper explores an outcrop example where mechanical stratigraphy in a limestone and shale sequence directly influenced the structural style and distribution of deformation related to the propagation of a ‘seismic-scale’ normal fault that has maximum displacement on the order of 100–500 m and extends for more than 10 km. A monocline developed in Cretaceous Buda Limestone above tectonically thinned Del Rio Clay and faulted Santa Elena Limestone is here interpreted as an extensional fault propagation fold. Monocline limb dips reach 59°. The Del Rio Clay is thinned from approximately 36 m to 1.5 m, whereas the underlying Santa Elena Limestone is offset vertically by approximately 74 m along a steep (approximately 80°) normal fault. This large fault displacement of the Santa Elena Limestone is not transferred upward to the Buda Limestone because of ductile flow within the intervening Del Rio Clay. Although upward fault propagation has been inhibited, thinning of the Del Rio Clay and the resultant extreme displacement gradient at the tip of the fault have forced the Buda Limestone into a monoclinal fold. Two competent packstone and grainstone beds, 6 m and 2.7 m thick and separated by 10.5 m of less competent calcareous shale, comprise the Buda Limestone at this location. Deformation features within the competent Buda beds include bed-perpendicular veins that accommodate bed-parallel extension, and bedding plane slip surfaces with an up-dip sense of shear that offset the veins. Deformation is concentrated in the monoclinal limb and not in the monoclinal hinge regions. Consequently, bed-parallel extension and shear strain are associated with monoclinal dip, not with curvature. These results show that for this structure, bed dip is a better proxy for bed-parallel extension and related fracture dilation than is curvature.
Rare gas systematics on Lucky Strike basalts (37°N, North Atlantic): Evidence for efficient homogenization in a long‐lived magma chamber system?

We present rare gas data in fresh glasses from the Lucky Strike segment located on the Mid Atlantic Ridge (∼37.3°N), close to the Azores plateau. We analyzed the helium and neon isotopes in 28 samples by melting as well as He‐Ne‐Ar‐Kr‐Xe isotopes in 9 samples by crushing. Samples were collected during the Graviluck06, MOMAR08, and Bathyluck09 cruises over a ridge length of ∼13 km (mean sample spacing of ∼500 m), and at depths ranging from 1550 m to 2174 m. The helium isotopic ratio varies between 84,410 and 88,235 (R/Ra between 8.19 and 8.56). The samples having the “most” primitive helium isotopic ratio are the enriched samples (e.g. high K2O/TiO2) although the difference to the depleted samples is small. It appears that all of our samples derive from the same and well‐homogenized magma chamber. Neon isotopes clearly show the influence of the Azores hotspot, which is not seen with helium because of lower 3He/22Ne in the plume source compared to the MORB source.
A continuous view of the dawn‐dusk polar cap

Continuous monitoring of airglow and auroral emissions over Eureka (89° magnetic latitude) through each winter has shown that the dusk and dawn boundaries of the polar cap can be routinely seen when the IMF Bz is northward. When this condition prevails the auroral oval shrinks poleward, and the polar boundaries are clearly and continuously seen in photometric dusk‐dawn meridian scans of OI 630 nm emission brightness. This fact is illustrated with two 24‐hr days of records on December 19, 1996 and January 19, 1998. These examples show, and others similarly, that polar arcs emerge from the dusk or dawn flanks of the auroral oval (depending on the sign of By) and thus occur on closed field lines. In a few cases polar arcs emerge from the midnight or noon sector of the oval and extend along the sun‐earth line to cross the Eureka meridian, bifurcating the polar cap. This new technique for monitoring the polar cap dusk‐dawn extent and all auroral activity within promises to be valuable for diagnostic studies of both polar auroral activity and magnetospheric topology during solar wind changes and major sun‐earth events.
Magnetic activity linked generation of nighttime equatorial spread F irregularities

[1] Results derived from a statistical study of the generation of equatorial spread F (ESF) irregularities as a result of magnetic activity based on spaced receiver ionospheric scintillation data recorded at a dip equatorial station is reported here. For a study of this nature it is essential to establish whether the observed scintillations are caused by freshly generated irregularities or by irregularities generated earlier, which later drift onto the signal path. It has been observed in the past that the maximum cross-correlation between the spaced receiver signals is significantly less than 1 during the initial phase of development of ESF irregularities due to the presence of perturbation electric fields associated with the Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability that produces equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs), whereas in the later phase, when these perturbation electric fields die down, the correlation between the two signals increases rapidly. This feature is used in the present study to identify freshly generated ESF irregularities associated with EPBs using spaced receiver scintillation data. Magnetically disturbed days are chosen by using three hourly geomagnetic activity index ap, daily index Ap, and also AE index to study the cases of prompt penetration of high-latitude electric field to the equatorial ionosphere. Disturbed time statistical occurrence pattern of freshly generated irregularities shows seasonal variation for all three types of magnetic disturbances: disturbance dynamo, prompt penetration, combination of disturbance dynamo and prompt penetration. However, it is found that fresh generation of the irregularities due to magnetic activity is most likely to occur around midnight hours in all seasons. Suppression of generation of irregularities immediately after sunset due to inhibition of the growth of the R-T instability on the bottomside of the equatorial F region is clearly seen in vernal equinox (March and April) and solstice months but is not observed for autumnal equinox (September and October).
New Evidence for a Discrete Supratemporal Bone in the Jurassic Ichthyosaur Temnodontosaurus

The temporal region in Temnodontosaurus trigonodon and Temnodontosaurus platyodon consists of three discrete ossifications. These bones are identified as the supratemporal, bordering much of the temporal opening, and in mid-cheek, the squamosal, which is in contact with the quadratojugal along its ventral margin. Interpretation of the bone in mid-cheek position as a neomorphic "supernumerary" ossification is rejected. The supratemporal bone of ichthyosaurs is functionally convergent with the squamosal of diapsids. The size and configuration of the supratemporal casts doubt on the supposition that ichthyosaurs were diapsids.
Trends of Convective Available Potential Energy over the Indian region and its effect on rainfall

Many studies in recent times have suggested that long‐term changes in Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) are associated with the changes in convective activity and atmospheric energy budget and, hence, the changes in CAPE could be used as a potential indicator of climate change. Here, we analyse daily radiosonde data of 32 stations over the Indian region from 1984 to 2008 (25 years), to study the climatology and long‐term changes in CAPE, lower troposphere moisture content and upper tropospheric temperature. Using gridded daily rainfall data over this region, the relationship between average CAPE and average rainfall as well as the trends in CAPE and its effect on rainfall pattern are also examined during different seasons of this region. All the coastal and island stations, as well as some stations in the foothills of the Himalayas, show higher values of CAPE compared to other inland stations. This study clearly demonstrates that CAPE values have been systematically increasing over most parts of the Indian region during last 25 years. The increase in CAPE is found to be due to increase in low‐level moisture content and decrease in upper level temperature over the last 25 years. The seasonal variations show that the CAPE is higher during the monsoon compared to pre‐monsoon or post‐monsoon seasons and it suggests that thermodynamic conditions favourable for high CAPE together with large‐scale dynamics are necessary for organized monsoon convections over this region. In comparison with a large increase in the all‐India average of CAPE during monsoon season, which is about 38 J Kg−1 year−1, the all‐India summer monsoon rainfall increases about 1.3 mm year−1. The systematic increasing trend in CAPE may be compensating for weakening of monsoon circulation and, thus, maintaining the monsoon rainfall over the Indian region. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Focused and diffuse extension in controls of ocean ridge segmentation in analogue models

This work aims to provide insights into the initiation and evolution of segments along ocean ridges as they propagate and mature. It is based on the results of analogue modeling performed in a centrifuge with applied acceleration of gravity force. The effect of the varied degree of extension allowed during propagation of analogue ridge results in segments being focused along the ridge axes or widely distributed within the entire axial zone. Three distinct types of segment interaction are documented, controlled by the relative distribution and orientation of interacting segments and leading to the development of linear ridges, overlapping spreading centers, and oblique transform zones. The importance of the initial distribution of segments in the ridge evolution inferred in the models suggests its significance for formation of natural ridges whose mature configurations must be largely inherited from that of spreading centers formed in the early stages of focused or diffuse extension.
Long-Term Maternal Mental Health after Spontaneous Preterm Birth

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to investigate whether a history of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) is associated with maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms, or psychosocial distress in the fifth decade of life. Study Design This is a secondary analysis of the PreCaris-study, a prospective observational study in which we included 350 women with a history of SPTB between 22 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation and compared them to 115 women who had a term birth. Primary outcomes were the Depression and Anxiety scores measured using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale and Psychosocial distress assessed with the Distress Thermometer for Parents. Secondary outcomes were self-reported impact of the birth in daily life and psychosocial support after delivery. Results After a median of 13 years after delivery, no significant differences were found in primary outcomes. Significantly more women with a history of SPTB reported that the birth still had impact in daily life; adjusted odds ratio: 2.46 (95% confidence interval: 1.35–4.48). A total of 57 (16.3%) women after SPTB reported to have needed professional psychosocial support after delivery but did not receive it. These women more often had a high Anxiety score ( p = 0.030), psychosocial distress ( p = 0.001), and influence of birth in daily life ( p = 0.000). Conclusion There are no long-term effects on depressive and anxiety symptoms and psychosocial distress in women who experienced SPTB compared with women who had a full-term pregnancy. A significant part of the women who delivered preterm needed psychosocial support but did not receive it and were at higher risk of anxiety, psychosocial distress, and impact in daily life. We therefore recommend offering all women after SPTB psychosocial support after delivery. Key Points No long-term effects on depressive and anxiety symptoms and psychosocial distress after SPTB. A total of 16.3% of the cases needed professional psychosocial support after delivery but did not receive it. This subgroup was at higher risk of anxiety symptoms, psychosocial distress, and impact on daily life.
Thermal anomaly around the Nojima Fault as detected by fission‐track analysis of Ogura 500 m borehole samples

Abstract To better understand heat generation and transfer along earthquake faults, this paper presents preliminary zircon fission‐track (FT) length data from the Nojima Fault, Awaji Island, Japan, which was activated during the 1995 Kobe earthquake (Hyogo‐ken Nanbu earthquake). Samples were collected of Cretaceous granitic rocks from the Ogura 500 m borehole as well as at outcrops adjacent to the borehole site. The Nojima Fault plane was drilled at a depth of 389.4 m (borehole apparent depth). Fission‐track lengths in zircons from localities > 60 m distance from the fault plane, as well as those from outcrops, are characterized by the mean values of ≈10–11 μm and unimodal distributions with positive skewness, which show no signs of an appreciable reduction in FT length. In contrast, those from nearby the fault at depths show significantly reduced mean track lengths of ≈6–8 μm and distributions having a peak around 6–7 μm with rather negative skewness. In conjunction with other geological constraints, these results are best interpreted by a recent thermal anomaly around the fault, which is attributable to heat transfer via focused fluids from the deep interior of the crust and/or heat dispersion via fluids associated with frictional heating by fault motion.
Influence of Heliobond on Microtensile Bond Strength of a New BIS-GMA Free Versus BIS-GMA Containing Composite Resin Restoration

AIM: The main objective of this study was to assess the micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) of a free bisphenol-a-diglycidyl-ether-dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) resin composite restorative material compared to a Bis-GMA-containing resin composite following the application of a hydrophobic coating (heliobond). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A flat occlusal dentin surface was exposed in a total of eighty extracted teeth that were removed for periodontal reasons. Teeth were divided into two main equal groups according to the type of applied filling materials: BIS-GMA-free versus BIS-GMA-containing resin composite (n = 40). Each main group was subdivided into two equal subgroups (n = 20) according to the application of Heliobond (hydrophobic resin coating). Heliobond has been applied after adhesive application and before resin composite application. The first group was restored by a Free Bis-GMA Resin Composite (Admira, Voco, Germany); the second group was restored by a Bis- GMA-containing resin composite (Grandio, Voco, Germany). Each tested restorative material was applied and cured according to the manufacturer’s instructions. RESULTS: Regardless of different composite and adhesive types, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) among all subgroups. Specimens with Heliobond recorded a higher µTBS mean value (30.46 ± 6.7 megapaskal [MPa]) than groups without Heliobond, which recorded µTBS mean value (23.95 ± 9.02 MPa). CONCLUSION: Application of an extra hydrophobic layer coating (Heliobond) has improved the performance of the µTBS of the adhesive systems utilized with the new BIS-GMA-free versus BIS-GMA-containing composite resin
Some effects of cover, seed size, and soil moisture status on establishment of seedlings by direct drilling

Abstract The amount and nature of cover over seeds direct drilled into dead turf depends on the shape of the furrow openers or coulters, as well as the covering device. In a field experiment sown with hoe coulters the importance of bar harrowing to cover large seeds, such as maize and barley, was demonstrated in terms of seedling emergence, but little or no advantage was apparent from harrowing smaller, lucerne seeds. Coulters and covering devices were laboratory tested under continuous soil moisture stress using a tillage bin technique. This confirmed the advantage of bar harrowing after passage of both the hoe coulters and experimental chisel coulters.
Widespread Acceleration of Tidewater Glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula

Over the last half century, the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) has been among the most rapidly warming regions on Earth. This has led to increased summer snowmelt, loss of ice shelves, and retreat of 87% of marine and tidewater glacier fronts. Tidewater-glacier flow is sensitive to changes in basal water supply and to thinning of the terminus, and faster flow leads directly to sea level rise. The flow rates of most AP tidewater glaciers have never been measured, however, and hence their dynamic response to the recent changes is unknown. We present repeated flow rate measurements from over 300 glaciers on the AP west coast through nine summers from 1992 to 2005. We show that the flow rate increased by similar to 12% on average and that this trend is greater than the seasonal variability in flow rate. We attribute this widespread acceleration trend not to meltwater-enhanced lubrication or increased snowfall but to a dynamic response to frontal thinning. We estimate that as a result, the annual sea level contribution from this region has increased by 0.047 +/- 0.011 mm between 1993 and 2003. This contribution, together with previous studies that assessed increased runoff from the area and acceleration of glaciers resulting from the removal of ice shelves, implies a combined AP contribution of 0.16 +/- 0.06 mm yr(-1). This is comparable to the contribution from Alaskan glaciers, and combined with estimated mass loss from West Antarctica, is probably large enough to outweigh mass gains in East Antarctica and to make the total Antarctic sea level contribution positive.