Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
15 Micron Infrared Space Observatory Observations of the 1415+52 Canada-France Redshift Survey Field: The Cosmic Star Formation Rate as Derived from Deep Ultraviolet, Optical, Mid-Infrared, and Radio Photometry

The Canada-France Redshift Survey 1452+52 field has been deeply imaged with the Infrared Space Observatory using ISOCAM through the LW3 filter (12-18 μm). Careful data analysis and comparison with deep optical and radio data have allowed us to generate a catalog of 78 15 μm sources with both radio and optical identifications. They are redder and lie at higher redshift than I-band-selected galaxies, with most of them being star-forming galaxies. We have considered the galaxies detected at radio and 15 μm wavelengths, which potentially include all strong and heavily extincted starbursts, up to z=1. Spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for each of the sources have been derived using deep radio, mid-IR, near-IR, optical, and UV photometry. The sources were then spectrally classified by comparing with SEDs of well-known nearby galaxies. By deriving their far-IR luminosities by interpolation, we can estimate their star formation rate (SFR) in a way that does not depend sensitively on the extinction. Between 35% and 85% of the star formation at z≤1 is related to IR emission, and the global extinction is in the range AV=0.5-0.85. While heavily extincted starbursts with SFRs in excess of 100 M☉ yr-1 constitute less than 1% of all galaxies, they contribute about 18% of the SFR density out to z=1. Their morphologies range from S0 to Sab, and more than a third are interacting systems. The SFR derived by far-IR fluxes is likely to be ~2.9 times higher than those previously estimated from UV fluxes. The derived stellar mass formed since the redshift of 1 could be too high when compared with the present-day stellar mass density. This might be due to an initial mass function in distant star-forming galaxies different from the solar neighborhood one or an underestimate of the local stellar mass density.
The Equivalence of Two Extremum Problems

Let f1 , …, fk be linearly independent real functions on a space X, such that the range R of (f1, …, fk) is a compact set in k dimensional Euclidean space. (This will happen, for example, if the fi are continuous and X is a compact topological space.) Let S be any Borel field of subsets of X which includes X and all sets which consist of a finite number of points, and let C = {ε} be any class of probability measures on S which includes all probability measures with finite support (that is, which assign probability one to a set consisting of a finite number of points), and which are such that is defined. In all that follows we consider only probability measures ε which are in C.
Bovine Lactoferrin Suppresses Tumor Angiogenesis through NF-κB Pathway Inhibition by Binding to TRAF6

Tumor angiogenesis is essential for tumor progression. The inhibition of tumor angiogenesis is a promising therapy for tumors. Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) has been reported as an anti-tumor agent. However, bLF effects on tumor angiogenesis are not well demonstrated. This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of bLF on tumor angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Herein, tumor endothelial cells (TECs) and normal endothelial cells (NECs) were used. Proliferation, migration, tube formation assays, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, Western blotting, siRNA experiments and immunoprecipitation were conducted to clarify the mechanisms of bLF-induced effects. CD-31 immunoexpression was examined in tumor tissues of oral squamous cell carcinoma mouse models with or without Liposomal bLF (LbLF)-administration. We confirmed that bLF inhibited proliferation/migration/tube formation and increased apoptosis in TECs but not NECs. TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), p-p65, hypoxia inducible factor-α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were highly expressed in TECs. In TECs, bLF markedly downregulated VEGF-A, VEGF receptor (VEGFR) and HIF-1α via the inhibition of p-p65 through binding with TRAF6. Since NECs slightly expressed p-p65, bLF–TRAF-6 binding could not induce detectable changes. Moreover, orally administrated LbLF decreased CD31-positive microvascular density only in TECs. Hence, bLF specifically suppressed tumor angiogenesis through p-p65 inhibition by binding to TRAF6 and suppressing HIF-1α activation followed by VEGF/VEGFR down-regulation. Collectively, bLF can be an anti-angiogenic agent for tumors.
Surface plasmon polaritons on metal cylinders with dielectric core

Metal cladded dielectric cylinders with submicron diameters may serve to model coated tips used in near-field scanning optical microscopy. The signal measured may be greatly influenced by resonance effects due to eigenmodes of the probe. Especially, using a photon scanning tunneling microscope setup, gold coated tips have been found to detect a signal proportional to the magnetic field distributions [E.Devaux et al., Phys. Rev. B 62, 10504 (2000)]. This effect is attributed to cylindrical surface plasmons. We present here fully retarded calculations of the dispersion and field patterns of the non-radiative plasmon modes in cylindrical geometry. We study the effect of varying the cylinder radius on the surface plasmon dispersion, thus justifying that the cylinder is a useful model for near field probes in spite of their slightly conical shape. 73.20. Mf,41.20. -q,78.20. -e,78.20. Bh Typeset using REVTEX 1 ha l-0 04 73 02 4, v er si on 1 13 A pr 2 01 0 Author manuscript, published in "Physical Review B 64, 12 (2001) 125420"
Direct numerical simulations of homogeneous turbulence subject to periodic shear

We perform direct numerical simulations (DNS) of homogeneous turbulence subject to periodic shear – $S \,{=}\, S_{\hbox{\scriptsize\it max}} \sin (\omega t)$, where $\omega$ is the forcing frequency and $S_{\hbox{\scriptsize\it max}}$ is the maximum shear. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is employed in our simulations and a periodic body force is introduced to produce the required shear. We find that the turbulence behaviour is a strong function of the forcing frequency. There exists a critical frequency – $\omega_{cr}/S_{\hbox{\scriptsize\it max}} \,{\approx}\, 0.5$ – at which the observed behaviour bifurcates. At lower forcing frequencies ($\omega \,{<}\, \omega_{cr}$), turbulence is sustained and the kinetic energy grows. At higher frequencies, the kinetic energy decays. It is shown that the phase difference between the applied strain and the Reynolds stress decreases monotonically from $\pi$ in the constant shear case to $\pi/2$ in very high frequency shear cases. As a result, the net turbulence production per cycle decreases with increasing frequency. In fact, at $\omega/S_{\hbox{\scriptsize\it max}} \,{\geq}\, 10$, decaying isotropic turbulence results are recovered. The frequency-dependence of anisotropy and Reynolds stress budget are also investigated in detail. It is shown that inviscid rapid distortion theory (RDT) does not capture the observed features: it predicts purely oscillatory behaviour at all forcing frequencies. Second moment closure models do predict growth at low frequencies and decay at high frequencies, but the critical frequency value is underestimated. The challenges posed by this flow to turbulence closure modelling are identified.
A Girsanov Type Theorem Under G-Framework

This article establishes a Girsanov type theorem under the G-Framework of Peng [15]. Our result generalizes the classical Girsanov theorem for Brownian motion [10]. As an application, we price the European call option when the underlying asset's price follows the Geometric G-Brownian motion.
An affine Weyl group approach to the eight-parameter discrete Painlevé equation

We present a geometrical construction of the eight-parameter discrete Painlevé equations. Our starting point is the E(1)8 affine Weyl group. We assume that the multi-dimensional τ-function lives on the vertices of the weight lattice of this group. We derive the bilinear equations related to the discrete Painlevé equation in the form of nonautonomous Hirota-Miwa equations and the elementary Miura transformations. The compatibility condition of the various Miura's that can be written leads to three types of equations: difference, multiplicative (q) and another type where the parameters and the independent variable enter through the arguments of elliptic functions. We write explicitly the discrete equations in the first two cases and produce their degeneration through coalescence of parameters.
Relationship between Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Protein Gene and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Elderly Patients Undergoing General Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study

Patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are at a higher risk of developing postoperative complications. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP) plays an important role in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. In this study, the relationship between PAD and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ALOX5AP (rs17216473, rs10507391, rs4769874, rs9551963, rs17222814, and rs7222842) was investigated in elderly patients undergoing general surgery. The medical records of 129 patients aged > 55 years who underwent elective general surgery between May 2018 and August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The A/A in rs17216473, A/A in rs10507391, G/G in rs4769874, and A/A in rs9551963 were calculated as 0 points and the rest as 1 point to define the genetic risk score. The prevalence of PAD tended to increase with higher genetic risk scores (patients had less ALOX5AP gene polymorphism of A/A in rs17216473, A/A in rs10507391, G/G in rs4769874, or A/A in rs9551963) (p = 0.005). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the genetic risk score (p = 0.009) and age (p = 0.007) were positively correlated with the prevalence of PAD. Genetic polymorphisms of ALOX5AP and age were associated with the prevalence of PAD in this study.
Renal Mechanisms of Diuretic Resistance in Congestive Heart Failure

This study reviews the renal aspects of diuretic resistance occurring in diuretic treatment, mostly with loop diuretics of congestive heart failure. A short discussion on the different classes of diuretics, including the recently introduced sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors, and their mechanism of action in the nephron is provided, followed by a summary of recent data discussing the different causes and pathophysiological mechanisms of diuretic resistance. The major cause of diuretic resistance appears to be localized within the distal tubule. Traditionally, the concept of compensatory post-diuretic sodium reabsorption (CPDSR) was considered the major cause of diuretic resistance; however, recent studies have disputed this traditional concept and demonstrated that patients with congestive heart failure are in constant sodium-avid state. Finally, the different options of therapeutic strategies, combining different classes of diuretics are summarized.
Power generation transducer from magnetostrictive materials

In this letter, on the basis of Stoner-Wohlfarth model, the changes in magnetization of Tb0.3Dy0. 7Fe2 alloy have been calculated with a compressive stress along the [111] and [112] axes. The results have shown that the significant change in magnetization for Tb0.3Dy0. 7Fe2 alloy can be induced by the compressive stress. A feasible application of power generation floor which can convert the energy from the vibration created by a walking person on it into electric energy has been proposed, and its structure and performance also have been revealed.
Time series analysis of wind speed with time‐varying turbulence

The characterization of the time series properties of wind speed, in terms of the mean and variance, is important and relevant to both engineers and businesses. This research investigates the first and second moments of the Texas Tech WERFL wind speed data utilizing the ARMA‐GARCH‐in‐mean framework. The methodology allows the conditional variance to depend on the size of past shocks (i.e. gusts) in the series. Results have important implications for wind energy production as well as for the operational and financial hedging strategies of companies exposed to wind‐related risk. The findings can be summarized as follows: (i) mean wind speeds measured at different heights above ground exhibit persistence and are highly dependent on immediate past wind speed values; (ii) regardless of the height at which the data were collected, wind speed exhibits time‐varying variance; (iii) persistence in conditional variance increases with height at which the data were collected; (iv) there is strong evidence that conditional volatility is positively correlated with mean wind speed while the magnitude of this relationship declines with height. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Standard images for particle-image velocimetry

Particle-image velocimetry (PIV) offers lots of advantages for studying fluid mechanics. Many PIV techniques and systems have been developed. However, no standard evaluation tool for evaluating the effectiveness and accuracy of the PIV systems has been established. To popularize PIV practically, for each PIV system there should be some means of evaluating the performance. PIV involves two processes, i.e. capturing the image for visualization and the image analysis. In order to evaluate the image analysis, the use of standard images has been proposed. Using these images, anybody can evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of the PIV image analysis. The standard PIV images can be grouped into three categories, i.e. standard PIV images for two-dimensional, custom-made images with tunable parameters and images for a transient flow. The standard PIV images that we have developed are distributed via the web site http://www.vsj. or.jp/piv as part of a collaboration with the Visualization Society of Japan. They can be applied to investigate the performance of any PIV technique. The standard PIV images that we have developed have already been accessed by more than 3 000 researchers around the world.
Prediction of daily precipitation using wavelet—neural networks

Abstract This study aims to predict the daily precipitation from meteorological data from Turkey using the wavelet—neural network method, which combines two methods: discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and artificial neural networks (ANN). The wavelet—ANN model provides a good fit with the observed data, in particular for zero precipitation in the summer months, and for the peaks in the testing period. The results indicate that wavelet—ANN model estimations are significantly superior to those obtained by either a conventional ANN model or a multi linear regression model. In particular, the improvement provided by the new approach in estimating the peak values had a noticeably high positive effect on the performance evaluation criteria. Inclusion of the summed sub-series in the ANN input layer brings a new perspective to the discussions related to the physics involved in the ANN structure.
Observations of Water Masers and Radio Continuum Emission in AFGL 2591

We report results of continuum (1.3 and 3.6 cm) and H2O maser line high angular resolution observations, made with the Very Large Array (VLA) in the A configuration, toward the star-forming region AFGL 2591. Three radio continuum sources (VLA 1, VLA 2, and VLA 3) were detected in the region at 3.6 cm, and one source (VLA 3) at 1.3 cm. VLA 1 and VLA 2 appear resolved and their spectral indices suggest free-free emission from optically thin H II regions. VLA 3 is elongated in the east-west direction, along the axis of the bipolar molecular outflow observed in the region. Its spectral energy distribution is consistent with it being a ~200 AU optically thick disk plus a photoionized wind. In addition, we detected 85 water maser spots toward the AFGL 2591 region, which are distributed in three main clusters. Two of these clusters are spatially associated with VLA 2 and VLA 3, respectively. The third cluster of masers, including the strongest water maser of the region, does not coincide with any known continuum source. We suggest that this third cluster of masers is excited by an undetected protostar that we predict to be located ≃0. ″5 (500 AU) north from VLA 3. The maser spots associated with VLA 3 are distributed along a shell-like structure of 0. ″01 size, showing a peculiar velocity-position helical distribution. We propose that VLA 3 is the powering source of the observed molecular outflow in this region. Finally, we support the notion that the AFGL 2591 region is a cluster of B0-B3 type stars.
Series solution of hydromagnetic flow and heat transfer with Hall effect in a second grade fluid over a stretching sheet

We examine the problem of flow and heat transfer in a second grade fluid over a stretching sheet [K. Vajravelu, T. Roper, Int. J. Nonlinear Mech. 34, 1031 (1999)]. The equations considered by Vajravelu and Roper [K. Vajravelu, T. Roper, Int. J. Nonlinear Mech. 34, 1031 (1999)], are found to be incorrect in the literature. In this paper, we not only corrected the equation but found a useful analytic solution to this important problem. We also extended the problem for hydromagnetic flow and heat transfer with Hall effect. The explicit analytic homotopy solution for the velocity field and heat transfer are presented. Graphs for the velocity field, skin friction coefficient, and rate of heat transfer are presented. Tables for the skin friction coefficient and rate of heat transfer are also presented. The convergence of the solution is also properly checked and discussed.
On roughness indices for fractional fields

1Universite Blaise Pascal (Clermont-Ferrand II), LaMP, CNRS UPRESA 6016, F-63177 Aubiere Cedex, France. E-mail: benassi@opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr 2Universite Paul Sabatier, UFR MIG, Laboratoire de Statistique et de Probabilites, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France. E-mail: scohen@cict.fr 3LMC-IMAG and LabSad, Departement IMSS BSHM, Universite Pierre Mendcs-France, F-38000 Grenoble, France. E-mail: jacques-istas@upmfgrenable.fr
SHIP1 Controls Internal Platelet Contraction and αIIbβ3 Integrin Dynamics in Early Platelet Activation

The Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) is known to dephosphorylate PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 into PtdIns(3,4)P2 and to interact with several signaling proteins though its docking functions. It has been shown to negatively regulate platelet adhesion and spreading on a fibrinogen surface and to positively regulate thrombus growth. In the present study, we have investigated its role during the early phase of platelet activation. Using confocal-based morphometric analysis, we found that SHIP1 is involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal organization and internal contractile activity in thrombin-activated platelets. The absence of SHIP1 has no significant impact on thrombin-induced Akt or Erk1/2 activation, but it selectively affects the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway and myosin IIA relocalization to the cytoskeleton. SHIP1 interacts with the spectrin-based membrane skeleton, and its absence induces a loss of sustained association of integrins to this network together with a decrease in αIIbβ3 integrin clustering following thrombin stimulation. This αIIbβ3 integrin dynamics requires the contractile cytoskeleton under the control of SHIP1. RhoA activation, internal platelet contraction, and membrane skeleton integrin association were insensitive to the inhibition of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 synthesis or SHIP1 phosphatase activity, indicating a role for the docking properties of SHIP1 in these processes. Altogether, our data reveal a lipid-independent function for SHIP1 in the regulation of the contractile cytoskeleton and integrin dynamics in platelets.
A comparison of control charting procedures for monitoring process dispersion

We consider several control charts for monitoring normal processes for changes in dispersion. We present comparisons of the average run length performances of these charts. We demonstrate that a CUSUM chart based on the likelihood ratio test for the change point problem for normal variances has an ARL performance that is superior to other procedures. Graphs are given to aid in designing this control chart.
Soft silicone rubber in phononic structures: Correct elastic moduli

We report on a combination of experiments to determine the elastic moduli of a soft poly (dimethylsiloxane) rubber that was utilized in a smart experiment on resonant phononic modes [Liu et al. , Science 289 , 1734 (2000)] and whose reported moduli became widely used as a model system in theoretical calculations of phononic materials. We found that the most peculiar hallmark of these values, an extremely low longitudinal sound velocity, is not supported by our experiments. Anyhow, performing theoretical band structure calculations, we can reproduce the surprising experimental ﬁndings of Liu et al. even utilizing the correct mechanical parameters. Thus, the physical conclusions derived in the theoretical works do not require the use of an extremely low longitudinal velocity, but can be reproduced assuming only a low value of the shear modulus, in agreement with our experiments.
Conjugate Heat Transfer Computation for Evaluation of Single-Blow Method for Compact Fin-Tube Heat Exchangers

Computations have been carried out to evaluate heat transfer coefficients given by the single-blow method that is characterized by a transient and conjugate heat transfer problem between the fluid and the solid. Both heat conduction and convection equations are solved numerically to obtain the transient fluid and fin temperature distributions. Finite volume solutions indicate that the fin temperature distribution of the single-blow method varies with time and position and that the fluid temperature distribution of the single-blow method is close to that observed in the steady-state computation specified with the constant wall temperature condition. It is found that the local heat transfer coefficient resulting from the single-blow method is almost identical to that from the steady-state constant wall temperature computation and is nearly time-independent.
Visual and auditory hemispheric cuing in horizontal sound localization

Experiments were performed to determine 1) whether a priori information influences sound localization, and 2) whether the influence depends on the modality through which the information is provided. Localization performance was measured for transient auditory stimuli originating in the frontal horizontal plane. In most runs, a cue preceded the stimulus and indicated (correctly or incorrectly) the hemisphere (left vs. right) from which the subsequent target arrived. The cues differed by modality and the cue‐to‐target onset asynchrony (SOA: 400 to 1600 ms). The listeners were instructed to focus their attention to the cued side. A follow‐up experiment evaluated the effect of eye fixation on the visual‐cue performance. Results show modality‐dependent effects of cuing in terms of both bias and standard deviation in responses. A cue that indicated an incorrect side biased the responses towards its side in both modalities, while a visual correct‐side cue caused either no bias or a lateral bias. A visual cue tha.
Waveband-tunable multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser

A waveband-tunable multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on a novel integrated structure of nonlinear polarization rotation and an unbalanced in-line Sagnac interferometer is proposed and demonstrated. An ultrabroadband lasing spectrum with 140 wavelength lasing peaks periodically distributed from 1563 to 1612.5 nm accompanied by a lasing linewidth of 0.112 nm, a free spectral range (FSR) of 0.32 nm, and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 20 dB has been achieved. A laser with high-wavelength lasing and waveband tunability was also achieved by merely adjusting the polarization controllers. The wavebands can be tuned from 1567 to 1606 nm continuously. Thirty-one lasing wavelengths in a 3 dB flattened spectrum has been achieved with a SNR of 48 dB, a linewidth of 0.03 nm, and a FSR of 0.32 nm. Good stability of the laser operating at room temperature has been verified by using an optical spectrum analyzer to measure every 2 min for a half-hour.