Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in the Treatment of Muscle Injuries: A Systematic Review

Muscle injuries commonly occur in sports and can be classified as indirect and direct, according to the 2013 Munich Consensus Statement (MCS). Since recent evidence suggests that extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) improves muscular microcirculation and may increase regeneration after acute muscle injury, we performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines to access the efficacy and safety of ESWT in the treatment of patients with muscle injuries. PubMed and Cochrane were searched to screen for potentially relevant articles and the literature search was last updated in June 2023. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials, observational studies, or case controls published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish that studied the effect of ESWT on indirect and direct muscle injuries in individuals aged ≥18, with at least one of the following reported outcomes: pain on the visual analog scale (VAS), functionality assessed either with disability scales or subjectively, time for return to play (RTP), re-injury rate, and ultrasonographic evaluation. The exclusion criteria were literature reviews, systematic reviews, studies in animals, studies in other languages, studies that failed to meet the targeted population or intervention and studies that didn't report any of the outcomes of interest. The quality of the studies was analyzed using the Cochrane Assessment Tool, the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale, and the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. Eight studies were included in the systematic review (two randomized controlled trials, one prospective observational study, two retrospective observational studies, and three case reports), with a total of 143 adult participants. ESWT was associated with less pain on VAS, better function, reduction of size of lesion on ultrasound evaluation, faster RTP and/or lower re-injury rate in patients with indirect and direct muscle injuries and muscular hematomas, a frequent secondary complication of muscle injuries. The evidence regarding the use of ESWT for these types of injuries is therefore promising. Nevertheless, higher-quality studies are needed in the future to prove its efficacy, better comprehend its mechanisms of action and define treatment protocols (timing, type and parameters of ESWT).
Values in the News: Comparing the News Coverage of Political Speeches in Developed and Developing Countries

The presence of values in political speeches and how those values are depicted by journalists in the news are important factors contributing towards the formation of public opinion. A content analysis of online news articles from 10 countries spanning a decade was conducted to investigate these factors and how they differ between developed and developing countries. Combining the Basic Human Values Model with the concept of journalism practices of developed and developing countries, we found that although the top four values were the same for both developed and developing countries, further analysis revealed some significant differences. We also found significant differences in terms of the tone attached to those values which imply that although the journalists of developed and developing countries select similar values, they depict them differently due to the differences in journalism practices in particular parts of the world.
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation and exercise for reducing trapezius muscle dysfunction in survivors of head and neck cancer: a case-series report.

PURPOSE Damage to the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) can result in denervation of the trapezius muscle in patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer. Trapezius denervation leads to muscle weakness and dysfunction that, for some patients, persists despite the return of conduction along the SAN. This prospective case series describes an intervention involving a combination of a novel type of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with bilateral exercise. METHODS Three survivors of head and neck cancer participated in the 6-week program. NMES was applied over the region of the SAN on the affected side while subjects performed bilateral voluntary scapular retraction and elevation exercises against resistance. The NMES was delivered using relatively wide pulse widths and high frequencies to enhance the electrically evoked sensory volley and was triggered by the onset of trapezius muscle activity on the non-affected side. Shoulder range of motion (ROM) assessments and patient-rated outcomes were administered at baseline and 6 weeks. RESULTS All patients showed improvements in shoulder flexion and abduction ROM and reported reductions in pain and disability. CONCLUSIONS This combination of NMES and bilateral exercise may prove to be an effective component of a comprehensive shoulder rehabilitation program for patients with persistent trapezius muscle dysfunction as a result of SAN damage.
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of Escherichia coli isolated from chickens.

In this study, 48 E.coli strains isolated from colibacillosis suspicious hens at different poultry houses were examined. These samples were inoculated on to blood agar and then suspicious colonies were transferred on to EMB and MacConcey agar. Bacterial growth was observed in 110 samples, 48 (13,6%) of which were identified as Escherichia coli (E.coli). E.coli strains were typed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to detect the genetic differences between at E.coli strains in this region. Extracted DNA samples from 48 strains of E.coli were amplified by RAPD primer (COL 1). Nine different band profiles were obtained. These results indicated that there were great genetic heterogeneity between E.coli strains in this region. RAPD analysis had the highest discriminatory capacity for typing E.coli isolates. Because of its simplicity and rapidity, RAPD analysis appears to be a highly valuable tool for studying E.coli molecular epidemiology.
Media Platforming and the Normalisation of Extreme Right Views

As far right views are increasingly becoming socially acceptable, it remains unclear under what conditions the media contribute to this normalisation process. Drawing on two pre-registered, placebo-controlled survey experiments that use the real-world audio of interviews with extreme right actors in Australia and Britain, we find that platforming extreme right actors on either the TV channel Sky News or the online platform Youtube fuels agreement with extreme right statements and leads participants to believe that a larger share of the population supports extreme right views. Interviewers’ strategies of engaging with extreme right actors matter: While unchallenged interviews consistently result in the radicalisation of participants’ attitudes and beliefs, interviewers who challenge the accuracy of the false statements made, mitigate attitudinal e ects and lower normalisation e ects. While platforming a ects beliefs, we find that exposure backfires on the ratings of the actor who advocates for those beliefs, especially in the critical interview condition. University of Zurich, bolet@ipz.uzh. ch †Department of Government, London School of Economics and Political Science, f.foos@lse.ac. uk ‡We are grateful to the Research Priority Programme ‘Equality of Opportunity’ of the University of Zurich for funding this research, and particularly to Tarik Abou-Chadi, Silja Häusermann and Stefanie Walter for funding and feedback, as well as to the University of Durham and King’s College London for funding our study via a Faculty Research Grant. Moreover, we thank the participants of the Social Norms workshop, organised by Daniel Bischof and Elias Dinas in 2019 and 2021, and the participants of two panels at EPSA 2018 and EPSA 2019 for valuable comments on research designs and findings. We also thank the seminar participants of the University of Durham, the University of Konstanz, the University of Mannheim and the University of Zurich for their very helpful feedback on earlier versions of the paper. We are particularly grateful to Liz Ralph-Morrow for extended conversations about the initial design of the Australia study.
Relation between sexual function, perceived social support, and adherence to treatment with infertility factor in women: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background In some societies, childbearing is a part of women's identity and infertile women are under a great amount of pressure from others. Objective This study aims to evaluate the relationship between infertility factors and sexual functioning, perceived social support, and adherence to treatment in infertile women. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 230 infertile women who referred to the infertility center of Shahrekord, Iran in 2022 were enrolled. Data were collected using demographic characteristics checklist, female sexual function index, multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and general adherence scale. Results No significant relation was observed between the infertility factor and the mean score of sexual function, the mean score of perceived social support, and the mean score of adherence to treatment (p > 0.05). Among the aspects of sexual functioning, only the mean score of lubrication in the group of male factors was significantly higher than the common factors for men and women (p = 0.07). A linear positive relation was observed between sexual functioning (r = 0.189), perceived social support (r = 0.200), and adherence to treatment (r = 0.146) in infertile women. Conclusion By providing proper training and counseling to infertile couples, we can improve their social support and sexual function so that they can complete their infertility treatment as a result.
Climate change, water and food security.

This report summarizes current knowledge of the anticipated impacts of climate change on water availability for agriculture. The implications for local and national food security are examined; and the methods and approaches to assess climate change impacts on water and agriculture are discussed. The report emphasizes the need for a closer alignment between water and agricultural policies and makes the case for immediate implementation of â€˜no-regretsâ€™ strategies.
Detecting probable manipulation of financial statements. Evidence from a selected Zimbabwe Stock Exchange-Listed bank

Purpose: The study used the Beneish M Score to discover probable financial statement manipulation by a selected Zimbabwe Stock Exchange-listed bank. Research methodology: The Beneish M Score eight variable statistical model was applied to secondary data of the selected bank from 2011 to 2018. The model utilizes ratios in distinguishing between manipulators and non-manipulators, with a yardstick measure of -2.22. Results greater than -2.22, classify the organization as a financial statements manipulator with less than -2.22 classify it as a non-manipulator. Results: The M score model detected manipulation for the years 2011 (-0.74), 2013 (-1.84), and 2015 (-2.19), which are greater than the benchmark of -2.22. The years 2012 (-3.17), 2014 (-2.46), 2016 (-3.07), 2017 (-2.80) and 2018 (-2.42) reveal the bank as a non-manipulator as these values are less than -2.22. Limitations: The Beneish M score statistical model was modeled for manufacturing companies. The study sought to test the M Score’s applicability in the banking sector and it was restricted to the selected bank for the years 2011 to 2018. Contribution: The Beneish M score is a valuable model for users of issued annual financial statements to guard against earnings manipulation. Stakeholders rely on audited financial statements, believed to be free from manipulation, yet companies fold up with unqualified audit opinions contained in published financial statements. The study validates the Beneish M score statistical model for detecting manipulation in published annual financial statements in Zimbabwe, where there is limited research on earnings manipulation.
Estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes residentes na região nordeste do Brasil

A prevalência do excesso de peso e da obesidade entre crianças e adolescentes tem aumentando nas últimas décadas, configurando-se como um problema de saúde pública global. No caso da desnutrição, suas taxas têm diminuído consideravelmente, contudo, ela ainda não foi totalmente superada, em especial, nos Estados da região Nordeste do Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar estudos sobre o estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes, residentes na região Nordeste do Brasil. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão da bibliografia publicada nas plataformas BIREME e Google Acadêmico, em português e inglês, no período de 2009-2018, com uso dos descritores: obesidade e infância, sobrepeso e infância, desnutrição e infância. Ao final 22 estudos contendo informações de 50.778 crianças e adolescentes (0-14 anos) preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade. Verificou-se média de desnutrição, sobrepeso e obesidade de 1,9%, 12,5% e 7,4%, respectivamente. Conforme os estudos analisados, o panorama do estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes da região Nordeste corroborou com a tendência nacional, que vem apontando, desde décadas passadas, a diminuição da taxa de desnutrição, seguida pelo aumento do sobrepeso.
Planejamento familiar: uma questão de escolha

It’s a descriptive study, carried through familiar planning women, in two municipal health centers, in Rio de Janeiro’s city. It had as an objective analyze the determinative factors in choice of the contraceptive method (CM) in 50 familiar planning participant women with more eighteen years old. The data had been collected by interview and direct comment. The results had demonstrated that the most used CM at the moment of the interview was oral contraceptive 41(82%) and the main factor for this choice was the other methods unaware. After educative practice the women more intended contraceptive methods was the DIU 17(34%) and the feminine sterilization 10(20%) and the main reason for the choice of these methods was don’t have more children. We perceived that it had significant change in factors that had influenced the method choice before and after the educative practice. The familiar planning must be a primordial element in health’s primary prevention. For the contraceptive method choice in a free and informed form, each one needs to know and have access to all the legally accepted methods.
Detecting global bridges in networks

The identiﬁcation of nodes occupying important positions in a network structure is crucial for the understanding of the associated real-world system. Usually, betweenness centrality (BC) is used to evaluate a node capacity to connect different graph regions. However, we argue here that this measure is not adapted for that task, as it gives equal weight to ‘local’ centres (i
Harvesting wild species : implications for biodiversity conservation

Traditional wildlife conservation policy includes the establishment of protected areas where certain species are off-limits to commercial exploitation. But for people in the developing world who depend on these resources for survival, such a policy is unworkable. Recently, some conservation experts have argued that planned, commercial use--harvesting wild species for human consumption--may actually promote biodiversity conservation. In 'Harvesting Wild Species' Curtis Freese draws together a diverse group of authorities to discuss the conditions under which commercial use may act as a conservation tool. Presenting fifteen case studies from around the world--in areas ranging from fisheries and forestry to non-timber forest products and trophy hunting--the authors explore the link between sustainable development and biodiversity conservation. Based on a study commissioned by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), 'Harvesting Wild Species' aims to raise among environmentalists, policy makers, funding agencies, students, and researchers an awareness of the role of economic incentives in conservation efforts. "There is growing interest among environmentalists and conservation scientists in what is often termed 'ecosystem management. ' At this stage, it is very important to build case histories of what has worked and what hasn't. This book contributes significantly to that need. The scholarship is sound. Each chapter analyzes a situation and points out where it has worked as well as problems that have emerged. "--David A. Perry, Oregon State University
Emotions in Play

Play is an important context for children’s emotional and social development. Most play research has been focused on pretend play; however, observational studies have shown that children spend a considerable amount of time engaged in physical play. Although it is thought to be important, little is known about the role of physical play in children’s emotion socialization. Physical play can be categorized in two forms: exercise play and rough-and-tumble play. Both forms involve moderate to vigorous playful body activity, which is accompanied by physiological arousal. In addition, rough-and-tumble play often involves role taking, requiring children to accurately read their partners’ emotional and intentional expressions, control their anger impulses, and cope with frustration. Recent research has shown that exercise play, especially when engaged with peers, is related to emotion understanding and emotion regulation; but this is less clear for rough-and-tumble play. Besides, physical play provides an important mechanism for peer interactions that is less dependent on verbal interactions, which is especially relevant for children with communication impairments, and hearing loss in particular.
Seeking parsimony in hydrology and water resources technology

The principle of parsimony, also known as the principle of simplicity, the principle of economy and Ockham’s razor, advises scientists to prefer the simplest theory among those that fit the data equally well. In this, it is an epistemic principle but reflects an ontological characterization that the universe is ultimately parsimonious. Is this principle useful and can it really be reconciled with, and implemented to, our modelling approaches of complex hydrological systems, whose elements and events are extraordinarily numerous, different and unique? The answer underlying the mainstream hydrological research of the last two decades seems to be negative. Hopes were invested to the power of computers that would enable faithful and detailed representation of the diverse system elements and the hydrological processes, based on merely “first principles” and resulting in “physically-based” models that tend to approach in complexity the real world systems. Today the account of such research endeavour seems not positive, as it did not improve model predictive capacity and processes comprehension. A return to parsimonious modelling seems to be again the promising route. The experience from recent research and from comparisons of parsimonious and complicated models indicates that the former can facilitate insight and comprehension, improve accuracy and predictive capacity, and increase efficiency. In addition – and despite aspiration that “physically based” models will have lower data requirements and, even, they ultimately become “data-free” – parsimonious models require fewer data to achieve the same accuracy with more complicated models.
Identification of Functional Domains of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (*)

Functional domains of the mouse aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) were investigated by deletion analysis. Ligand binding was localized to a region encompassing the PAS B repeat. The ligand-mediated dissociation of Ahr from the 90-kDa heat shock protein (HSP90) does not require the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (Arnt), but it is slightly enhanced by this protein. One HSP90 molecule appears to bind within the PAS region. The other molecule of HSP90 appears to require interaction at two sites: one over the basic helix-loop-helix region, and the other located within the PAS region. Each mutant was analyzed for dimerization with full-length mouse Arnt and subsequent binding of the dimer to the xenobiotic responsive element (XRE). In order to minimize any artificial steric hindrances to dimerization and XRE binding, each Ahr mutant was also tested with an equivalently deleted Arnt mutant. The basic region of Ahr is required for XRE binding but not for dimerization. Both the first and second helices of the basic helix-loop-helix motif and the PAS region are required for dimerization. These last results are analogous to those previously obtained for Arnt (Reisz-Porszasz, S., Probst, M.R., Fukunaga, B. N., and Hankinson, O.(1994) Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 6075-6086) compatible with the notion that equivalent regions of Ahr and Arnt associate with each other. Deletion of the carboxyl-terminal half of Ahr does not affect dimerization or XRE binding but, in contrast to an equivalent deletion of Arnt, eliminates biological activity as assessed by an in vivo transcriptional activation assay, suggesting that this region of Ahr plays a more prominent role in transcriptional activation of the cyp1a1 gene than the corresponding region of Arnt.
Effect of salmeterol/fluticasone combination on the dynamic changes of lung mechanics in mechanically ventilated COPD patients: a prospective pilot study

Background: The combined therapy of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-2 agonists for mechanically ventilated patients with COPD has never been explored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate their dynamic effects on lung mechanics and gas exchange. Materials and methods: Ten mechanically ventilated patients with resolution of the causes of acute exacerbations of COPD were included. Four puffs of salmeterol 25 µ g/fluticasone 125 µ g combination therapy were administered. Lung mechanics, including maximum resistance of the respiratory system (Rrs), end-inspiratory static compliance, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), plateau pressure, and mean airway pressure along with gas exchange function were measured and analyzed. Results: Salmeterol/fluticasone produced a significant improvement in Rrs and PIP after 30 minutes. With regard to changes in baseline values, salmeterol/fluticasone inhalation had a greater effect on PIP than Rrs. However, the therapeutic effects seemed to lose significance after 3 hours of inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta-2 agonist administration. Conclusion: The combination of salmeterol/fluticasone-inhaled therapy in mechanically ventilated patients with COPD had a significant benefit in reducing Rrs and PIP.
Performance implication of management accounting systems in market-oriented firms: Empirical evidence from Vietnam

Abstract Drawing upon the resource-based view, this study examines the effects of two key elements of market orientation, i.e. customer orientation and competitor orientation, on the use of management accounting information to enhance firm performance. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) results from data collected from top- and mid-level managers working in 279 large companies in Vietnam indicate both customer and competitor orientation have positive effects on the use of management accounting systems (in terms of broad scope, timeliness, aggregation, and integration). This, in turn, enhances firm performance. The study’s results provide various theoretical and managerial implications for building and developing management accounting systems for Vietnamese companies.