Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘They’re you know, their audience’: How women are (ab)used to cement the heterosexual bonds between men

This paper explores how young people (aged 18–24 years) in Ireland attribute young men's sexual harassment and violence against women both to the situational demands of what we call ‘heteromasculine homosociality’ and young men's negotiation of role taking with women. Interpreting young people's explanations for sexual violence, the paper argues that through different forms of sexual harassment and violence, women are (ab)used to cement the heterosexual bonds between men. The argument is explored by drawing on young people's explanations of three forms of sexual harassment and violence: verbal violence, unwanted sexual touching and assault and image-based sexual abuse. The data comes from 28 interviews with young people as part of a European-funded research study that aims to explore both the discourses that young people use in their understandings of gender and violence against women and how young men may be supported in combatting violence against women. Among other implications, we suggest that as well as deconstructing attitudes towards women, prevention work and interventions with men must also focus on men's beliefs about the normative basis for masculine status and belonging between men.
Pengaruh Leverage, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Tax Avoidance

Tax Avoidance is an act to avoid taxes by companies that can reduce tax revenue for the state. This study aims to examine the effect of Leverage, Sales Growth, and Company Size on Tax Avoidance. Population in this study were all companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2018 – 2019 period. Purposive sampling used as sampling technique and obtained 219 companies as samples. This study used quantitative method and the analysis was multiple linear regression analysis. Tax Avoidance proxied by Effective Tax Rate which have a negative interpretation of Tax Avoidance. The result of t test shows that Leverage has a significant effect on Tax Avoidance, positive relationship between Debt to Equity Ratio as proxy for Leverage and Effective Tax Rateas proxy for Tax Avoidance explains that the higher the Leverage, the lower the Tax Avoidance. Sales Growth has a significant effect on Tax Avoidance, negative relationship between sales growth and Effective Tax Rate explains that the higher the Sales Growth, the higher the Tax Avoidance. While Company Size has no significant effect on Tax Avoidance, bigger or smaller the Company Size will not have any effect on Tax Avoidance. The f test shows that Leverage, Sales Growth, and Company Size simultaneously have a significant effect on Tax Avoidance. Result of adjusted R square shows that the effect of Leverage, Sales Growth, and Company Size on Tax Avoidance is 0,072 or 7,2%.
OPTIMALISASI KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar fisika pada materi Induksi Elektromagnetik melalui implementasi model Discovery Learning. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan melakukan 2 (dua) siklus tindakan. Setiap siklus dilakukan melalui 4 (empat) tahapan yaitu: (a) perencanaan, (b) pelaksanaan, (c) observasi, dan (d) refleksi. Data keterampilan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar dikumpulkan dengan cara: observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah análisis kualitatif, kuantitatif dan análisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil análisis menunjukkan bahwa implementasi model Discovery Learning dapat mengoptimalkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar fisika pada materi Induksi Elektromagnetik. Secara kualitatif terjadi optimalisasi nilai rata-rata keterampilan berpikir kritis kategori tinggi pada pra siklus sebesar 37,04%, pada siklus I sebesar 48,15% dan pada siklus II sebesar 81,48%. Berdasarkan hasil ini menunjukkan terjadi optimalisasi keterampilan berpikir kritis kategori tinggi peserta didik sebesar 33,33%. Secara kuantitatif terjadi optimalisasi hasil belajar fisika rata-rata pada pra siklus sebesar 68,15 dengan ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 55,56%, pada siklus I sebesar 71,02 dengan ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 62,96% dan pada siklus II sebesar 75,00 dengan ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 81,48%. Berdasarkan hasil ini menunjukkan terjadi optimalisasi rata-rata hasil belajar fisika sebesar 3,98 dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 18,52%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi model Discovery Learning dapat mengoptimalkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar fisika.
Is Achieved Economic Development Environment Friendly? A New Insight From Central and Eastern Europe

Over the last few years, the linkage between economic development and environmental degradation has become a provocative question. Although this nexus has been studied vastly, some of the critical variables of economic development and their impacts on the environment need more focus. The present study explores the association between economic development, outward foreign direct investment, financial development, renewable energy consumption, natural resource rents, trade openness, and ecological footprint in Central and Eastern European economies. The panel data estimators such as augmented mean group and common correlated effect mean group are employed from 1990 to 2017. Empirical findings document that outward foreign direct investment, financial development, trade openness, natural resource rents, and renewable energy consumption increase economic development, implying that they positively affect economic development. Findings validate the inverted U-shaped EKC for concerned economies in case of the ecological footprint. The results show that the interaction term of GDPC with NR, outward foreign direct investment, and RE are eco-friendly indicators. The study results develop imperative policy implications for the selected region to attain sustainable development goals.
The variability of dielectric permittivity of biological tissues with water content

Several experimental campaigns aimed at the dielectric characterization of healthy and malignant tissues, have been proposed over many years. However, disagreements among the results posed a number of questions on accurate knowledge of dielectric properties of biological tissues up to date. The reason for these disagreements are several. We aim to partially address these issues by firstly establishing a rigorous procedure for the measurement of ex-vivo animal and human-derived tissue samples. Then, we investigate the correlation between the dielectric data variability and sample hydration. Measurements were obtained from 0.5 to 50 GHz from liver and kidney cortex of porcine, ovine and bovine animals and one human cadaver. The correlation between the standard deviation of the measurements for each sample and its exact water content is investigated. This enabled the thorough analysis of both the intra- and inter-organ variability together with the intra- and inter-animal variability. Results show that the sample hydration level has a direct influence on the intra- and inter-organ variability, both for homogeneous animal and human tissues.
Rural Residents’ Participation Intention in Community Forestry-Challenge and Prospect of Community Forestry in Sri Lanka

The contribution of local communities has become widely recognized as a better alternative in forest management than the traditional command-based control approach. However, several years later of implementation, most programs were failed due to a lack of community participation, imposing an uncertain future for community forestry. This paper examines rural Sri Lankans’ participation intention in community forestry (CF) program by using the Probit regression model. Randomly selected 300 individuals representing both CF members and non-CF members were interviewed for the study. The study results indicate that rural residents’ intention in future CF program negatively correlated with the participation status (CF membership) of individuals. Accordingly, CF members show less participation intention in future CF program than non-CF members. Socio-economic variables such as education level (p < 0.01) and the occupation of head of the household (p < 0.05) and total household income (p < 0.01) have significant influences on individuals’ participation intention in CF. In addition, non-monetary benefits derived from CF and perception on the product regulation and conflict mitigation are also appeared to significantly and positively affect villagers’ intention. The findings also revealed the knowledge gap on the purpose of the CF program and CF policy design. Hence, require immediate attention to improve awareness. Moreover, failure to raise local people’s participation intention in CF may indicate inadequate or ineffective government policies. Therefore, the Department of Forest Conservation should take sound measures to ensure that community-based forest management policies are consistently implemented at different administrative levels across the country and its rightness should be evaluated strictly.
The Effect of Food Safety Education on Handwashing Practices in School Canteens’ Food Handlers

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a newly developed food safety education to improve the handwashing practices of food handlers in school canteens. A community-based intervention study was carried out over a 2-year period. Sixteen out of 98 primary schools were randomly selected and assigned into intervention and control groups using a simple random sampling method. The study population included food handlers who worked in the canteens of the school selected. The Food Safety Education Programme (FSEP) for the intervention group was developed based on the theory of planned behaviour. The main outcome measures used were handwashing practices from the observations carried out at baseline, 6-weeks (Post1) and 12-weeks (Post2) after the intervention. Out of 79 food handlers who participated in this study, 33 (41.8%) were in the intervention group and 46 (58.2%) were in the control group. Prior to FSEP, handwashing was not commonly practiced following critical events and the majority did not perform correctly. The time-effect of the mixed design analysis of variance showed a significant increase (p=0.004) in the mean percentage of the total observed handwashing practices from 29% at the baseline to 50.8% at Post1 (p=0.004). However, the intervention-effect of mixed design ANOVA did not show any significant difference in the handwashing practices (p=0.210). The FSEP was effective in improving the handwashing practices of the food handlers in the selected primary school canteens.
The Effect of Dividend Payment on Firm’s Financial Performance: An Empirical Study of Vietnam

This research aims to investigate the effects of dividend policies on a firms’ financial performance. The paper explores the research gap and then builds a research model using ROA, ROE, and Tobin’s Q as dependent variables, dividend rate and decision of dividend payment as independent variables. The paper collected data and financial statements of 450 firms that are listing on the stock market of Vietnam from 2008 to 2019. The analysis results indicate that the decision of dividend payment has negative impact to Vietnamese firms measured by accounting-based performance but this improve market expectation on firms. In addition, the paper finds that Vietnamese firms are offering low dividend rate which has a positive impact on accounting-based performance but a negative effect on market expectation. This paper proposes some instructive recommendations based on the findings, including a more appropriate model of dividend policies, a lower dividend rate, and clear decision of dividend payment.
Investigation of HIV-1 Gag binding with RNAs and lipids using Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic Force Microscopy was utilized to study the morphology of Gag, ΨRNA, and their binding complexes with lipids in a solution environment with 0. 1Å vertical and 1nm lateral resolution. TARpolyA RNA was used as a RNA control. The lipid used was phospha-tidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2). The morphology of specific complexes Gag-ΨRNA, Gag-TARpolyA RNA, Gag-PI(4,5)P2 and PI(4,5)P2-ΨRNA-Gag were studied. They were imaged on either positively or negatively charged mica substrates depending on the net charges carried. Gag and its complexes consist of monomers, dimers and tetramers, which was confirmed by gel electrophoresis. The addition of specific ΨRNA to Gag is found to increase Gag multimerization. Non-specific TARpolyA RNA was found not to lead to an increase in Gag multimerization. The addition PI(4,5)P2 to Gag increases Gag multimerization, but to a lesser extent than ΨRNA. When both ΨRNA and PI(4,5)P2 are present Gag undergoes comformational changes and an even higher degree of multimerization.
The Correlation Between the Big-Five Personality and Internet Addiction Among Early-Adult Individuals

The internet, which makes it easier for humans to do activities, can have a negative impact. One of these negative effects is internet addiction. Internet addiction cases in Indonesia continue to increase along with the large number of internet usage. Internet addiction is uncontrolled use of the internet and causes annoying negative things. Several studies have shown that internet addiction is associated with the big five personality factor. It was found that the inconsistency of the research results on the big five personality dimensions . This study involved 69 individuals of early adulthood (aged 18 - 32 years ). Research measurement tools Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Big Five Model – International Personality Item Pool – 25 (BFM-IPIP-25). Data analysis techniques for testing hypotheses using Pearson correlation. The findings showed a correlation significant between internet addiction premises dimensions agreeableness and emotional stability that is negative. Meanwhile, there is no correlation in the dimensions of extraversion, conscientiousness and intellect. The result is low emotional stability such as someone who has irritable behavior, stress and mood change have the value of a high internet addiction. Thus, low agreebleness, such as someone who behaves evil, cruelly and harms others, will have a high internet-addiction value.
Encoder Modified U-Net and Feature Pyramid Network for Multi-class Segmentation of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Images

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular diseases are leading cause of death worldwide. Timely and accurate detection of disease is required to reduce load on healthcare system and number of deaths. For this, accurate and fast segmentation of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Images is required. In this study, we propose to develop a transfer learning-based end-to-end trainable method to segment left ventricle, myocardium, and right ventricle of heart. In the presented work, Feature Pyramid Network and U-Net architecture are used where encoder is modified with networks like DenseNet, ResNet, and VGG. Performance evaluation is done using dice score, Jaccard index, and Hausdorff distance according to which U-Net with VGG encoder gives best results. The mean dice score obtained is 0.958, 0.914, and 93.4 for LV, MYO, and RV respectively. Also, Hausdorff distance for the proposed methods is 1.69, 2.28, and 1.90 for LV, MYO, and RV respectively. The p-value for the obtained results is less than 0.05 (=0.0313) which shows the statistical significance of the proposed method. This automatic end-to-end trainable computer-based method requires less time and resources while giving better results than state-of-art methods. It can save the time of medical practitioners in analyzing cardiac diseases.
Results of Using the Robson Classification in Kazakhstan

BACKGROUND: Over the past few decades, the cesarean section frequency has increased significantly in many countries around the world, especially in the countries with high and medium income. The World Health Organization recommends 10–15% as the optimum cesarean section frequency. In Kazakhstan, the frequency of operative delivery in 2018 was 23.5%. AIM: The article is aimed at analyzing the caesarean section frequency following the Robson classification in Kazakhstan at Level II and III obstetric institutions, identifying the groups that make the greatest contribution to the overall cesarean section frequency, studying the clinical reasons in these groups, and identifying the ways to reduce unneeded cesarean sections. METHODS: A prospective study was performed at the Level II and III obstetric facilities in Almaty. On admission for delivery, all women were assigned following the Robson classification. The indices of cesarean section in each of 10 groups and the absolute and relative contribution to the overall cesarean section frequency were calculated. The patient data were prospectively entered into a computer application and processed in MS Excel and Statistica version 23. The results were presented using the Robson classification. The odds ratios were calculated with a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS: For the period from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, 12,395 women parturiated at Level II and III obstetric facilities. The main contributors to the overall cesarean section frequency at Level II and III obstetric facilities were Group 5 (multiparous women with uterine scars) – 46.3% (Level II facility) and 37.5% (Level III facility), Group 2 (12.4%) and (12.4%), Group 1 (12%) and (9.6%), and Group 10 (11.4%) at the Level III facility. CONCLUSION: The Robson classification has been used for the 1st time in Kazakhstan which has made it possible to identify the reasons that make the greatest contribution to the overall cesarean section frequency. The use of monitoring for analyzing the cesarean section frequency will make it possible to compare the Kazakhstan data with the foreign data and determine the organizational measures aimed at reducing the frequency of operative delivery. The strategies to reduce unneeded cesarean section should focus on reducing the cesarean section frequency in nulliparous women. In the absence of contraindications, natural delivery should be advised to the women with uterine scars.
Media bias with asymmetric media quality

ABSTRACT This paper develops a location model of media bias with asymmetric media quality. In the model, media quality is defined as an ability to reduce the boundedly rational consumers’ efforts in reasoning information. The model shows that an equilibrium bias exists unless the cost of a high-quality media outlet for adjusting bias is small enough. The size and location of the equilibrium bias gap between media outlets depend on the quality difference. The results may provide a comprehensive understanding of the existing views that competition increases or lessens the media bias.
Lifelong Healthy Habits and Lifestyles

The expression “lifestyles” describes several expressed behaviors, usually in the form of consumption and behaviors patterns, which characterizes how an individual or group fits into society. Although, with the advancement of science and the facilitation of human tasks in the daily living, there is a reduction in mortality from infectious diseases and an increase in longevity, however the appearance of chronic-degenerative diseases that negatively affect the quality of life have been found when some behaviors, defined as “good” lifestyles are not considered. The lifestyles could be defined as a set of mediating structures that reflect a totality of activities, attitudes and social values ​​closely related and that depend on economic and social conditions, education, age, among other factors. It manifests historical and cultural experiences and emerges from a set of decisions, over which the subject assumes control, thus, the lifestyle is revealed to be fundamental in the promotion and protection of health. This chapter intends to describe how healthy lifestyles could be considered adequate through our living period since young ages, maintaining and distinguishing them during adulthood and making them useful in older ages.
Year-round distribution of Northeast Atlantic seabird populations: applications for population management and marine spatial planning

: Tracking data of marine predators are increasingly used in marine spatial management. We developed a spatial data set with estimates of the monthly distribution of 6 pelagic seabird species breeding in the Northeast Atlantic. The data set was based on year-round global location sensor (GLS) tracking data of 2356 adult seabirds from 2006−2019 from a network of seabird colonies, data describing the physical environment and data on seabird population sizes. Tracking and environmental data were combined in monthly species distribution models (SDMs). Cross-validations were used to assess the transferability of models between years and breeding locations. The analyses showed that birds from colonies close to each other (<500 km apart) used the same nonbreeding habitats, while birds from distant colonies (>1000 km) used colony-specific and, in many cases, non-overlapping habitats. Based on these results, the SDM from the nearest model colony was used to predict the distribution of all seabird colonies lying within a species-specific cut-off distance (400−500 km). Uncertainties in the predictions were estimated by cluster bootstrap sampling. The resulting data set consisted of 4692 map layers, each layer predicting the densities of birds from a given species, colony and month across the North Atlantic. This data set represents the annual distribution of 23.5 million adult pelagic seabirds, or 87% of the Northeast Atlantic breeding population of the study species. We show how the data set can be used in population and spatial management applications, including the detection of population-specific nonbreeding habitats and identifying populations influenced by marine protected areas.