Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Field Training in Developing Art of Teaching in Students Majoring in Early Childhood at Jordanian Universities

The study aimed to identify the role field training plays in developing the art of teaching in students majoring in early childhood at Jordanian universities. The study adopted the descriptive analytical method in which a questionnaire comprising (36) items was used. The items were distributed into three domains: (academic knowledge, teaching and learning, self-development and professional responsibility). The study sample comprised (97) students majoring in early childhood education at Jordanian universities (Petra, Zarqa, King Husein, and Jordan University). Findings of the study revealed that the role field training plays in developing the art of teaching in students of early childhood at four Jordanian universities was high in the three aforementioned domains as follows: self-development and professional responsibility ranked first, teaching and learning, second, and academic knowledge, third. The findings also revealed that there were differences with statistical significance for the role of training among sample members that might be attributed to academic level, besides cumulative average variables which ranked (excellent and very good) in all fields of study in favor of seniors. The study provides a set of recommendations, the foremost of which are: to spread good practice of field training program among students of early childhood at Jordanian universities, and to pay more attention to developing the art of teaching in such students at all levels.
Seed Quantity or Quality?—Reproductive Responses of Females of Two Dioecious Woody Species to Long-Term Fertilisation

Although seed quality and quantity, as well as reproductive performance are important life history stages of plants, little is known about the reproductive responses of trees to environmental changes such as increased anthropogenic deposition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Dioecious plants are good models with which to test the environmental impact on female or male reproductive responses individually. We analysed effects of different long-term nutritional availability on the reproductive performance of two dioecious species (Taxus baccata L. and Juniperus communis L.) characterised by different life histories. By using pot experiments with vegetatively propagated plants grown in different fertilisation conditions, we observed an increase in plant growth and strobili production but a decrease in seed efficiency. Seeds produced by fertilised plants had greater seed mass. Fertiliser addition did not change C or N content nor the C/N ratio of T. baccata seeds, but increased N content and the N/P ratio; however, it did lower the C/N ratio in J. communis. Fertilisation did not change the metabolite profile in T. baccata but 18 metabolites were changed in J. communis. The study revealed new links between species life history, environmental changes, and reproduction. The findings imply that future environmental conditions may alter both seed productivity, and quality, as well as plant reproductive behaviour.
Physical Activity Pattern Characterized by Domains and Dimensions of the Roma Population in Comparison with That of the General Population in Northeast Hungary

Our study focuses on examining physical activity, as one of the most influential health determinants by domains and dimensions among Roma, the largest vulnerable ethnic minority in Europe. The study was carried out on a sample representative of the Hungarian Roma (HR) population (n = 350) living in segregated colonies in Northeast Hungary in comparison with the Hungarian general (HG) population sample (n = 343) from the same region. Data were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long-form and physical activity was quantified as MET-min/week. Scores were calculated for walking, moderate and vigorous-intensity activities for each domain (work, transport, domestic and gardening, leisure) and as an overall total. The HR population—similarly to the HG—is characterized by moderate or high physical activity; however, this level is achieved by work and housework/gardening instead of leisure time activities, which is worryingly low among HR females, but its prevalence is significantly (p < 0.001) lower in both sexes than among the HG population in the vigorous activity category. HR men move (walk and cycle) significantly more during transport than HG men. Our results may direct the attention of decision-makers to improve the health of Roma by increasing leisure-time physical activity.
The role of gender in the aggressive questioning of CEOs during earnings conference calls

We investigate the role of gender on the aggressiveness of sell-side analysts’ questions during earnings conference calls. Our tests reveal that the verbal aggressiveness of analysts’ questions is significantly associated with both the gender of the analyst asking the question and the gender of the CEO fielding the question. First, we find that male analysts are more verbally aggressive than female analysts. Specifically, male analysts’ questions are more direct and more likely to be followed with further questions, to have a preface statement, and to be negative, all of which are consistent with verbal aggressiveness. Second, male analysts’ questions to female CEOs are more aggressive than their questions to male CEOs. Gender-based verbal aggressiveness appears to be associated with analysts’ career trajectories: Female analysts who ask aggressive questions have a higher likelihood of becoming “star” analysts, whereas we fail to find such evidence for male analysts.
The Impact of Empowering Leadership on Job Performance of Higher Education Institutions Employees: Mediating Role of Goal Clarity and Self-Efficacy

Purpose The main objective of existing research is to assess empowering leadership effects on employees’ job performance at the academic level through mediating variables’ goal clarity and self-efficacy. Methods Data were congregated from 400 employees belonging to higher education institutions of Pakistan through research assistants, hired for data collection. Statistical procedures, such as factor analysis via statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS 23), structural equation modeling with bootstrapping via statistical tool analysis of moment structures (AMOS 24), were used to evaluate data and assess the relationship among the constructs. Results The structural equation modeling analysis uncovered several results. For instance, it shows the positive influence of empowering leadership behaviors on goal clarity, self-efficacy, and employees’ job performance. Moreover, the bootstrap investigation showed that goal clarity and self-efficacy mediate empowering leadership behaviors’ influence on workers’ job performance. Therefore, conferring to existing study results empowering leadership is significantly associated with employees’ job performance in the presence of mediators goal clarity and self-efficacy at the academic level of higher education institutions of Sindh, Pakistan. Conclusion The main research question of existing research is to assess empowering leadership effects on employees’ job performance through mediating variables’ goal clarity and self-efficacy. To investigate this research question, we have conducted this study and empirically established that empowering leadership can affect employees’ job performance with and without mediation. We have also shown empowering leadership as collaborative effects produce advanced levels of self-efficacy, goal clarity, and employees’ job performance than either leadership behavior could accomplish by itself.
Trust of the Generation Z in Artificial Intelligence in the Assessment of Historical Events

The article considered the degree of trust of Russian and Slovak students of generation Z (Gen Z) in artificial intelligence (AI) in the assessment of historical events in the conditions of digital society. The basic empirical methods of the study were a sociological survey and focus group conducted in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic remotely using the resources of the online Google Form and cloud conference platform Zoom. The study found that the attitude of Gen Z to AI in the context of digitalization of society is ambiguous and contradictory, which affects the degree of trust in the assessment of historical events. The degree of trust of Russian and Slovak Gen Z students in the general issues of the use of AI, the assessment of historical events by AI generally coincide on fundamental issues and have some contradictions on secondary ones. The analysis of the research data showed that Russian and Slovak Gen Z students have a generally positive attitude to historical information coming from AI. Differences in the degree of trust (not trust) between Russian and Slovak Gen Z students in the presentation of historical information to them by the AI, contradiction in the evaluation of individual historical events were revealed. Gen Z is wary of AI, believing that AI is dangerous for humans and should not be fully trusted in all matters of presentation and assessment of historical events.
Observations of aerosol–vapor pressure deficit–evaporative fraction coupling over India

Abstract. Northern India is a densely populated subtropical region with heavy aerosol loading (mean aerosol optical depth or AOD is ∼0.7), frequent heat waves, and strong atmosphere–biosphere coupling, making it ideal for studying the impacts of aerosols and the temperature variation in latent heat flux (LH) and evaporative fraction (EF). Here, using in situ observations during the onset of the summer monsoon over a semi-natural grassland site in this region, we confirm that strong co-variability exists among aerosols, LH, air temperature (Tair), and the vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Since the surface evapotranspiration is strongly controlled by both physical (available energy and moisture demand) and physiological (canopy and aerodynamic resistance) factors, we separately analyze our data for different combinations of aerosols and Tair/VPD changes. We find that aerosol loading and warmer conditions both reduce sensible heat (SH). Furthermore, we find that an increase in atmospheric VPD tends to decrease the gross primary production (GPP) and, thus, LH, most likely as a response to stomatal closure of the dominant grasses at this location. In contrast, under heavy aerosol loading, LH is enhanced partly due to the physiological control exerted by the diffuse radiation fertilization effect (thus increasing EF). Moreover, LH and EF increases with aerosol loading even under heat wave conditions, indicating a decoupling of the plant's response to the VPD enhancement (stomatal closure) in the presence of high aerosol conditions. Our results encourage detailed in situ experiments and mechanistic modeling of AOD–VPD–EF coupling for a better understanding of Indian monsoon dynamics and crop vulnerability in a heat stressed and heavily polluted future India.
The Influence of Age on Teachers’ Perception of Stressors on their Job Performance: Perspectives from Ika Local Government Area of Delta State

The study was carried out to investigate how teachers' perceptions of stressors on their job performance differ by age in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State. To address the problem of the study, two hypotheses were formulated and were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. This study adopted a survey design with a descriptive method. The target population of the study consisted of all the 535 teachers from all the public primary schools in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State. The sample size of the study consisted of 122 teachers that were selected using multi-stage sampling techniques. The instrument that was used to collect data for this study was a questionnaire designed by the researcher and titled; Teachers’ Perception of Stressors on their Job Performance Questionnaire (TPSJPQ). The face and content validities of the instrument were ascertained by three experts. The instrument was pilot-tested on some selected teachers outside the sample of the study and validated through an internal method of validation. The test reported a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.79 after two weeks. The instrument was used to collect data for the study and the data collected were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance Statistics (ANOVA) at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that teachers' perception of classroom population and work overload does not significantly differ by age in Ika South Local Government Area of Delta State. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that, there should be the creation of counseling centres to provide professional services and assistance to teachers suffering stress-related problems in all public primary schools.
Timing of cholecystectomy in recurrent attacks of acute cholecystitis

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the standard treatment for acute cholecystitis, its optimal timing is still controversial. In this study, our aim is to determine the appropriate cholecystectomy time by comparing the results of emergency and elective cholecystectomy in patients presenting with recurrent acute cholecystitis. METHODS: Between January 2019 and January 2022, the data of 434 patients who were scheduled for late cholecystectomy and were admitted to our hospital with recurrent cholecystitis attacks during the waiting period were retrospectively evaluated. Demographic data of patients, stage according to Tokyo Guidelines 2018, duration of hospital stay before and after surgery, surgery duration, open surgery rate, drain use, hollow organ injury, biliary tract injury, bleeding, wound infection, post-operative collection, and mortality rates were analyzed. RESULTS: Emergency LC (group 1) was performed in 176 (40.5%) of 434 patients presenting with recurrent cholecystitis, and elective LC (group 2) was performed in 258 (59.5%) patients. Pre-operative hospital stay was significantly longer in group 2, and mean surgery duration was significantly longer in group 1 (p=0.001 and p=0.035, respectively). Gastric or intestinal injury, biliary tract injury, wound infection, and mortality were not detected in either group. There was no significant difference between the groups in the rate of open surgery and postoperative collection rates (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: In centers experienced in hepatobiliary surgery, LC can be safely performed in recurrent acute cholecystitis attacks, regardless of symptom duration and the number of attacks.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hypertension among Myanmar Migrant Workers in Thailand

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are showing an increasing trend worldwide, and the COVID-19 pandemic may interrupt or delay NCD care, the leading cause of mortality in Thailand, which is hosting 2–3 million migrant workers. The transition of epidemiological risk factors, limited access to health-promoting activities, and pandemic containment measures may adversely impact NCD risks. Therefore, hypertension and associated risk factors were determined among registered Myanmar migrant workers in Thailand. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with structured questionnaires was conducted in Thailand in 2017. Having hypertension was analyzed as a dependent variable, and the associated risk factors were explored by binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 414 participants with a mean age of 29.45 ± 9.03 years were included, and 27.8 percent of the study participants were hypertensive, which was a rate higher than that in their host country (24.7%) and country of origin (26.4%). An older age, being male, current alcohol drinking, and being overweight and obese with reference to the body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusions: Our findings reaffirmed the idea that NCDs are important public health concerns, and a simple BMI measurement would be a valuable tool with which to determine hypertension risks. Targeted surveillance and an appropriate health policy are necessary for such a vulnerable population in Thailand.
Determination of Cyanotoxins and Prymnesins in Water, Fish Tissue, and Other Matrices: A Review

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their toxins are a significant and continuing threat to aquatic life in freshwater, estuarine, and coastal water ecosystems. Scientific understanding of the impacts of HABs on aquatic ecosystems has been hampered, in part, by limitations in the methodologies to measure cyanotoxins in complex matrices. This literature review discusses the methodologies currently used to measure the most commonly found freshwater cyanotoxins and prymnesins in various matrices and to assess their advantages and limitations. Identifying and quantifying cyanotoxins in surface waters, fish tissue, organs, and other matrices are crucial for risk assessment and for ensuring quality of food and water for consumption and recreational uses. This paper also summarizes currently available tissue extraction, preparation, and detection methods mentioned in previous studies that have quantified toxins in complex matrices. The structural diversity and complexity of many cyanobacterial and algal metabolites further impede accurate quantitation and structural confirmation for various cyanotoxins. Liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC–MS/MS) to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of toxin analysis has become an essential tool for cyanotoxin detection and can potentially be used for the concurrent analysis of multiple toxins.
Anthropometric Characteristics of Women on Hormonal Contraceptives in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH)

Background: Contraception is essential in population control, determining the number and spacing of children. The use of contraceptives has been on the rise because people do not always have sex for the purpose of procreation. Women of childbearing age prefer hormonal contraceptives, because they are highly effective and their effects are reversible. The aim of the study was to appraise the anthropometric profile of women on hormonal contraceptives. Materials and Methods: The study included women on hormonal contraceptives from University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (family planning clinic) and those who do not use contraceptives, from University of Port Harcourt Post Graduate School. A total of two hundred (200) volunteers were involved in the study; 100 women on hormonal contraceptives and 100 women who were not under any form of hormonal contraceptive (as control) were randomly selected. Height was measured using a stadiometer and stature meter, weight, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass and body fat percentage was measured using body composition monitor. Mid arm, waist, hip and neck circumference was measured using a measuring tape, while skin fold thickness was measured using a skin fold caliper. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel Data Analysis Tool pack (2019 Edition) and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0). T-test was done to determine differences in anthropometric parameters for those on contraceptives and the control, and type of contraceptive (implants and injectables). Significant difference with regards to age and duration of contraception were determined using ANOVA at P < 0.05. Results: Except for skeletal muscle mass, women on hormonal contraceptives have higher but non-significant mean values for all anthropometric parameters compared to the control. Age related differences were not observed for the three (3) age categories involved in the study (20 – 29 years; 30 – 39 years; ≥ 40 years). Type of contraceptive (implants and injectables) also do not have any significant effect on the anthropometric parameters of the study group and the control. Gradual increase in measured parameters were observed over time, but no significant difference was observed over the period of five (5) years as categorized (< 1 year, 1 - 2 years, 3 - 4 years and ≥ 5 years). Conclusion: These findings will be relevant to gynecologists, obstetricians, family physicians , medical anthropologists and research scientists.
Effects of Proprioception Training with Kinesio Taping of the Knee Joints on the Proprioception, Balance, and Gait in Stroke Patients: A Single-Blind Randomized Trials

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of proprioception training with kinesio taping (PTKT) of the knee joints on the proprioception, balance and gait in Stroke Patients. The subjects were randomly divided into the PTKT group and control group, with subjects assigned to each group. In the PTKT group, proprioception training with kinesio taping was performed for 4 weeks. The control group was conducted in the same method except placebo kinesio taping. Proprioception error measure using the electrogoniometer. The balance ability was measure using the pressure plate. Gait ability was evaluated using G-Walk. The proprioception error, balance ability, and gait were significantly more improved in the PTKT group than in the control group (p<0.05). These findings suggest that proprioception training with kinesio taping of the knee joints for proprioception, balance and gait in stroke patients.
Odontogenic Effect of Icariin on the Human Dental Pulp Cells

Background and Objectives: Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) can be used for dentin regeneration due to its odontogenic differentiation property. Icariin can induce osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. However, its potential to induce odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of icariin to induce odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs and investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. Materials and Methods: Cell viability assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of icariin to HDPCs. Effect of icariin on HDPCs chemotaxis was measured by scratch migration assay. The mineralized and odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, real-time PCR, and Western blot of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP 1) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). In addition, Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway of icariin-induced biomineralization was investigated by Western blot. Results: Cells treated with icariin at all concentrations tested maintained viability, indicating that icariin was biocompatible. Icariin accelerated HDPCs chemotaxis (p < 0.05). Expression levels of related odontogenic markers were increased in the presence of icariin (p < 0.05). Icariin-induced odontogenic differentiation occurred via activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, MAPK inhibitors suppressed expression levels of DSPP and DMP 1 protein, ALP activity, and mineralization of HDPCs. Conclusions: Icariin can upregulate odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs by triggering the MAPK signaling pathway.