Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A stage 7 marine interglacial record (the Grødeland Interglacial) on Jaeren, southwestern Norway; foraminiferal, stable isotopes and amino acid evidence

Foraminiferal biostratigraphy, stable isotopes and amino‐acid diagenesis have been investigated in a 125 m (+ 1 to — 124 m a.s.l.) long core from Jæren, southwestern Norway. Two marine units, the 42 m thick Grødeland Sand and the 8 m thick Sunde Sand, were found between till beds. Based on the biostratigraphic data, nine foraminiferal assemblage zones are defined. The Grødeland Sand shows a development from an ice‐proximal glacial environment in the lower part, through an arctic, possibly shallow‐water, environment, into a full interglacial open‐shelf regime (the Grødeland Interglacial). The Grødeland Interglacial sediments (zone 6 Cassidulina laevigata‐Cibicides zone) were deposited at a water depth of 20 m, in an open, high‐energy shelf environment with temperature conditions similar to those prevailing in the northern North Sea today. The interglacial sediments are followed by deposits characteristic of an arctic environment which become more ice proximal upwards. Superimposed on the Grødeland Sand is a diamicton interpreted as till. Above the till is the upper marine unit (the Sunde Sand), which in the lower part yielded a shallow‐water arctic fauna replaced upwards by an ice‐proximal facies. The upper part of the Sunde Sand is barren of foraminifera and is superimposed by an upper till. The Sunde Interstadial is defined as a climatostratigraphic event resulting in deglaciation of western Norway and deposition of the Sunde Sand. Based on amino acid geochronology and inferences from the biostratigraphy, the Grødeland Interglacial is assigned to oxygen‐isotope stage 7, whereas the Sunde Interstadial is assigned to the Early Weichselian. Combined with existing data from the North Sea region and the Norwegian Sea, it is concluded that for stage 7, in addition to stages 1 and 5e, there must have been a strong influx of Atlantic water into the Norwegian Sea north of the British Isles. This circulation created a similar north‐south gradient in water masses in the North Sea to that which occurred during the Eemian and the Holocene. In the Nordic Seas, however, the stage 7 warm influx was probably restricted to the eastern part of the basin, unlike the later warm periods. This led to the development of fully interglacial conditions in the North Sea region, even though the palaeoceanographic data from the central part of the Nordic Seas suggest relatively cooler conditions for oxygen‐isotope stage 7.
Suicidal ideation in female individuals with fibromyalgia and comorbid obesity: prevalence and association with clinical, pain-related, and psychological factors

Abstract Objective Individuals with fibromyalgia report alarming levels of suicidal ideation, and comorbidity with other chronic health conditions such as obesity—a risk factor for suicidal ideation per se—could further complicate the clinical picture. The aim of this study is to determine, in a sample of women with fibromyalgia and comorbid obesity, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and to evaluate clinical, pain-related and psychological factors associated with suicidal ideation. Methods In total, 156 female individuals with fibromyalgia and obesity were recruited and completed a series of self-report measures that assessed (i) the level of pain intensity, (ii) depressive symptomatology, (iii) sleep quality, and (iv) pain catastrophizing. Suicidal ideation was evaluated by item #9 of the Beck Depression Inventory. In addition, information regarding previous suicide attempts and current opioid use was collected. Results 3n sum, 7.8% of participants reported presence of suicidal ideation. According to the results of the multiple logistic regression, depressive symptomatology, sleep quality, and pain catastrophizing were associated with the presence of suicidal ideation. Discussion The presence of suicidal ideation in our sample was significantly associated with depressive symptomatology, sleep quality, and pain catastrophizing. Our findings are the first to suggest a unique (ie, independent of depressive symptomatology, and sleep quality) association between pain catastrophizing and suicidal ideation in the context of fibromyalgia and comorbid obesity. In order to prevent and reduce suicidal ideation, these factors should be assessed and targeted in interventions for pain management. Future research should investigate the extent to which addressing depressive symptoms, sleep quality, and pain catastrophizing reduces suicidal ideation.
The contribution of calcareous green algae to the production of limestones: a review

ABSTRACT Calcareous green algae (CGA) are an artificially united but highly heterogeneous group of large unicellular benthic algae with one character in common: all have the capability of secreting a calcareous coating on the outer side of the cytoplasmic envelope. Today, they are a major contributor to carbonate sedimentation at all scales from clay-sized particles (aragonitic needles) to coarser grains (sand and gravel) and even to plurimetric sedimentary structures. There are fossil analogues to the features listed above. Phycologists know best Halimeda, Penicillus, Acetabularia and Cymopolia; micropaleontologists and carbonate sedimentologists are most knowledgeable about Acicularia, Clypeina, Neoteutloporella, Salpingoporella, Anthracoporella, Boueina, and Eugonophyllum. The CaCO3 precipitated to form the coating is generally aragonite (the orthorhombic form) but there are short periods in the geologic record during which its calcite variant (the rhombohedric form) existed contemporaneously in discrete species. Recent studies on Halimeda have shown that some of the Bryopsidales have the capability to calcify strongly in the lower portion of the euphotic zone (where respiration becomes more important than photosynthesis in the process of mineralization) and to produce positive sedimentary reliefs (bioherms) in situ below the fair-weather wave base. Previous models of paleoenvironments considered the presence of Dasycladales or Bryopsidales to indicate shallow-water, that is the upper euphotic zone (from the sea surface down to -25 m), and predominantly low-energy, protected, lagoonal environments. When the algal remains were found in grain-supported facies, they were taken to have been subjected to dynamic transport and therefore indicative of high-energy environments of deposition. The new deeper-water finds have changed interpretations of the environments ascribed fossil algae. A current conception is that ancestral inarticulated Bryopsidales could have grown at depths as great as -120 m (near the base of the lower euphotic zone). This preliminary review concludes with suggestions about fields for continuing investigations.
Seismic anisotropy and mantle flow beneath northeast China inferred from regional seismic networks

[1] Northeast China is situated partly on the Sino-Korean craton and partly on a portion of the Inner Mongolia fold belt. Characterized by widespread Cenozoic intraplate volcanism and deformation caused by multiepisode extension, northeast China is an ideal place to study the underlying physical processes of rifting and active magmatism. We measured SKS wave splitting parameters from several regional networks of broadband stations recently deployed in northeast China. We employed a multievent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) weighted method and obtained measurements of splitting parameters at 108 stations. These stations cover a variety of tectonic terranes, including the Songliao basin, the Jiamusi massif, the Inner Mongolia belt and the Yanshanian orogenic belt. Overall, the observed SKS splitting times are of low amplitude (∼0.8 s), indicating that the underlying mantle experienced relatively weak deformation in this region. The observed anisotropy varies consistently from place to place and exhibits an asymmetric pattern across the Songliao basin. At the southeast edge of the Songliao basin, the fast axis aligns nicely along the NW–SE direction, whereas the axis rotates slightly to NNW toward north beneath the Jiamusi massif. At the west edge of the basin where the north-south gravity lineament (NSGL) is located, we found significant scatter in the fast-axis direction. At the Yanshanian orogenic belt in the southwest corner of the basin, the fast axis aligns along the EW direction. The amplitude of the splitting time appears to be positively correlated with lithospheric thickness, suggesting that lithospheric deformation is the likely cause of the observed seismic anisotropy.
Null effect of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on own- and other-race face recognition

ABSTRACT Successful face recognition is important for social interactions and public security. Although some preliminary evidence suggests that anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) might modulate own- and other-race face identification, respectively, the findings are largely inconsistent. Hence, we examined the effect of both anodal and cathodal tDCS on the recognition of own- and other-race faces. Ninety participants first completed own- and other-race Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) as baseline measurements. Next, they received either anodal tDCS, cathodal tDCS or sham stimulation and finally they completed alternative versions of the own- and other-race CFMT. No difference in performance, in terms of accuracy and reaction time, for own- and other-race face recognition between anodal tDCS, cathodal tDCS and sham stimulation was found. Our findings cast doubt upon the efficacy of tDCS to modulate performance in face identification tasks.
Imaging the fault zones of the 2000 western Tottori earthquake by a new inversion method to estimate three-dimensional distribution of the scattering coefficient

[1] We developed an inversion method to estimate the spatial variation of scattering coefficient from observed envelopes of S coda waves. Synthetic envelopes are calculated on the basis of the single scattering theory, assuming double-couple sources and a one-dimensional depth-dependent velocity structure. In our algorithm, we evaluated scattering attenuation taking spatial variation of scattering coefficient into consideration in order to model energy attenuation by passing through the localized anomalous zones with high scattering coefficients. The inversion method was applied to the seismograms in and around the focal area of the 2000 western Tottori earthquake with M 7.3. Obtained results show that there exist several zones with large scattering coefficient zones (LSZs). One of the most predominant LSZ is located along and around the fault zone of the M 7.3 earthquake in the upper crust. This LSZ suggests the existence of damaged zones in the main shock fault. Within this LSZ, an exceptionally small scattering coefficient area was detected. This area corresponds to an asperity with a large amount of coseismic slip of the main shock. Other prominent LSZs are detected in the mid to lower crust below the northwestern part of the main shock fault. In addition, LSZs are distributed in a seismic low-velocity zone, near Quaternary volcanoes, and near hypocenters of deep low-frequency microearthquakes. Some of the imaged LSZs are probably related to local concentration of fluid in the crust.
A sociological interpretation of the COLREGS

This paper discusses issues relating to the practical application of the collision avoidance regulations (COLREGS) from the sociological viewpoint that rules are always contingent, defeasible and that no rule can exhaustively specify the conditions of its use. It is proposed that, due to the inherent nature of rules, the only way successfully to manage collision risks at sea, is physically to separate opposing traffic flows, so as to remove the interpretative and mutually co-ordinating factors from the COLREGS.
Ublituximab-xiiy as a treatment option for relapsing multiple sclerosis

ABSTRACT Introduction B cell depletion has been established as an efficacious anti-inflammatory therapy in people with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Ublituximab (ublituximab-xiiy) is the latest approved chimeric glycoengineered anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) for the treatment of relapsing forms of MS. Areas covered In this narrative review, the authors explore the safety and effectiveness of data derived from the Phase 2 and Phase 3 ublituximab trials and from their respective post-hoc analyses. Moreover, they consider the similarities and differences between the currently available anti-CD20 antibodies for treatment of relapsing MS. Lastly, the authors discuss the role and place of ublituximab in the current disease modifying therapy landscape. Expert opinion Ublituximab is a rapid-acting and effective anti-inflammatory option as a treatment in people with relapsing MS that significantly reduced the annualized relapse rate and MRI-based disease activity. When compared to the Phase III trials of the other two anti-CD20 mAbs (ocrelizumab and ofatumumab), ublituximab did not result with reduction of 3 or 6-month confirmed disability progression. These differences may be attributed to the overall low rate of progression in both the ublituximab and the active comparator teriflunomide arm. Future data from open-label extensions are warranted. There was no significant reduction of ublituximab on whole-brain atrophy compared to teriflunomide.
Relief variation and erosion of the Variscan belt: detrital geochronology of the Palaeozoic sediments from the Mauges Unit (Armorican Massif, France)

Abstract The sediments of the Mauges Unit located in the internal zone provide an opportunity of studying the evolution of relief during Palaeozoic time. U–Pb dating on zircon and 39Ar/40Ar on white mica are used to constrain the age and nature of the sources. The first relief identified is marked by an Early Devonian unconformity interpreted as the opening of a northern back-arc basin. Detrital minerals are first reworked from underlying layers indicating a local supply. Magmatic zircons at c. 400 Ma then record the emergence of a magmatic arc. During the Middle Devonian, the gap in the sedimentary record is attributed to an emersion followed by the disappearance of the relief during the Late Devonian. At the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary, the main collision is followed by the onset of a relief. The continental sedimentation in the Ancenis Basin (late Tournaisian–Viséan) is a coarsening-upwards megasequence indicating an increasing and/or approaching relief. The detrital minerals record the progressive exhumation of Variscan metamorphic (mica at c. 350 Ma) and magmatic rocks (zircons at c. 390–340 Ma). The Serpukhovian–Bashkirian sedimentation records the erosion of a proximal metamorphic source (Champtoceaux with micas at c. 350–340 Ma) showing a much shorter drainage system. Supplementary material: Sample coordinates and U–Pb on zircon and 39Ar/40Ar on white mica analyses are available at http://www.geolsoc. org.uk/SUP18730.
The role of oestrogen therapy in reducing risk of Alzheimer's disease: systematic review

Background Studies have shown a relationship between oestrogen and Alzheimer's disease. However, there is neither clear nor strong evidence on the use of oestrogen-only therapy in reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Aims To assess the effects of oestrogen-only therapy on reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Method Inclusion criteria was determined with the PICO framework. Outcome was cognitive function measured by neuropsychological tests and strict protocols. Exclusion criteria included non-Alzheimer's dementia, progesterone-only therapy and pre-menopausal women. Searches were conducted in nine electronic healthcare databases, last searched in July 2022. Quality assessments conducted on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were performed with the GRADE assessment, and cohort studies and case–control studies were assessed with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Extracted data were used to analyse participants, interventions and outcomes. Results Twenty-four studies satisfied the search criteria (four RCTs, nine cohort studies, 11 case–control studies). Fifteen studies showed positive associations for oestrogen-only therapy reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease, and the remaining nine found no evidence of association. Conclusions Fifteen studies showed that oestrogen-only therapy effectively reduced the risk of Alzheimer's disease, whereas nine showed no correlation. Studies also investigated oestrogen-related variables such as length of oestrogen exposure, being an apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier and concomitant use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and their role in neuroprotection. This review was limited by the limited ranges of duration of oestrogen treatment and type of oestrogen-only therapy used. In conclusion, oestrogen-only therapy has potential for use in preventing Alzheimer's disease, although current evidence is inconclusive and requires further study.
The two-component system WalKR provides an essential link between cell wall homeostasis and DNA replication in Staphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACT Among the 16 two-component systems in the opportunistic human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, only WalKR is essential. Like the orthologous systems in other Bacillota, S. aureus WalKR controls autolysins involved in peptidoglycan remodeling and is therefore intimately involved in cell division. However, despite the importance of WalKR in S. aureus, the basis for its essentiality is not understood and the regulon is poorly defined. Here, we defined a consensus WalR DNA-binding motif and the direct WalKR regulon by using functional genomics, including chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, with a panel of isogenic walKR mutants that had a spectrum of altered activities. Consistent with prior findings, the direct regulon includes multiple autolysin genes. However, this work also revealed that WalR directly regulates at least five essential genes involved in lipoteichoic acid synthesis (ltaS): translation (rplK), DNA compaction (hup), initiation of DNA replication (dnaA, hup) and purine nucleotide metabolism (prs). Thus, WalKR in S. aureus serves as a polyfunctional regulator that contributes to fundamental control over critical cell processes by coordinately linking cell wall homeostasis with purine biosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, and DNA replication. Our findings further address the essentiality of this locus and highlight the importance of WalKR as a bona fide target for novel anti-staphylococcal therapeutics. IMPORTANCE The opportunistic human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus uses an array of protein sensing systems called two-component systems (TCS) to sense environmental signals and adapt its physiology in response by regulating different genes. This sensory network is key to S. aureus versatility and success as a pathogen. Here, we reveal for the first time the full extent of the regulatory network of WalKR, the only staphylococcal TCS that is indispensable for survival under laboratory conditions. We found that WalKR is a master regulator of cell growth, coordinating the expression of genes from multiple, fundamental S. aureus cellular processes, including those involved in maintaining cell wall metabolism, protein biosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, and the initiation of DNA replication. The opportunistic human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus uses an array of protein sensing systems called two-component systems (TCS) to sense environmental signals and adapt its physiology in response by regulating different genes. This sensory network is key to S. aureus versatility and success as a pathogen. Here, we reveal for the first time the full extent of the regulatory network of WalKR, the only staphylococcal TCS that is indispensable for survival under laboratory conditions. We found that WalKR is a master regulator of cell growth, coordinating the expression of genes from multiple, fundamental S. aureus cellular processes, including those involved in maintaining cell wall metabolism, protein biosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, and the initiation of DNA replication.
Regional‐scale comparisons of vegetation and soil wetness with surface energy budget properties from satellite and in‐situ observations

Abstract This study focuses on relationships between vegetation cover, soil moisture, precipitation and evapotranspiration for the Midwest and Great Plains region of the central United States in early June 1988, the year of the Midwest drought. The data base consists of: (1) microwave estimates of soil moisture made using data from the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I); (2) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) estimates made using data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR); (3) surface‐based Antecedent Precipitation Index (API) estimates made using precipitation records from surface reporting stations and; (4) estimates of sensible heating, evapotranspiration and an “effective” surface roughness made for the region using a combination of satellite‐measured surface “skin” temperatures from geostationary (GOES) satellites and radiosonde measurements of the time‐changes of the height of the planetary boundary layer (DH) from the synoptic network. The scatter diagram of the .
A Dual Center Experience with a Locking Intramedullary Nail for Wrist Fusion

Abstract Background In aggregate, there is varied efficacy for total wrist fusion (TWF) with a locking intramedullary (IM) nail which indicates the need for further investigation. It remains unclear whether preparation of the third carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) will reduce the risk of complications including distal screw loosening. Purpose Our objectives were (a) to report clinical outcomes for wrist arthrodesis using a locking IM nail and (b) to determine whether maintenance of the native third CMCJ articulation would contribute to short-term complications. Patients and Methods A chart review from 2010 to 2022 was performed at two institutions for cases of TWF fixed with the IMPLATE locking nail (Skeletal Dynamics, Miami, FL). Clinical and radiographic outcomes were collected. Results Radiographic union was achieved in 93.8% of cases, including one case of delayed union. The mean patient-rated wrist evaluation score was 30.4, the mean visual analog scale score for pain at rest was 1.7, and the mean visual analog scale score during activities of daily living was 3.2. There were seven cases of distal screw loosening (21.8%), and three cases of revision surgery (9.4%) which included two implant removals. A long radial nail was used in 24 (75%) of cases and a short metacarpal nail was used in 3 (9%) cases. Conclusion The current series demonstrated satisfactory function with low rates of revision surgery following IM nail TWF without inclusion of the third CMCJ into the fusion mass. Cases with distal screw loosening had variable clinical presentation and our current practice is to offer outpatient screw removal for cases which reach the threshold for intervention. Level of Evidence IV retrospective series.
The effect of geomagnetic storm on GPS derived total electron content (TEC) at Varanasi, India

In this paper we studied the effect of geomagnetic storm on Global Positioning System (GPS) derived total electron content (TEC) at low latitude Varanasi (Geomagnetic lat 14°, 55' N, geomagnetic long 154° E) during the period of May 2007 to April 2008. During this period 2 storms were found, which were occurred on 20 November 2007 and 9 March 2008. In this study vertical total electron content (VTEC) of single Pseudorandom Noise (PRN) and average of VTEC of same PRN before 10 days of storm, which is called background TEC, were used to see the effect of these storms on the variation of TEC. From this study this is found that during the storm of March 2008 the TEC increases in main phase of storm while in the case of November 2007 storm, TEC decreases during the main phase of storm but increases in the recovery phase (next day) of storm.