Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constructing Intrinsic Delaunay Triangulations from the Dual of Geodesic Voronoi Diagrams

Intrinsic Delaunay triangulation (IDT) naturally generalizes Delaunay triangulation from R2 to curved surfaces. Due to many favorable properties, the IDT whose vertex set includes all mesh vertices is of particular interest in polygonal mesh processing. To date, the only way for constructing such IDT is the edge-flipping algorithm, which iteratively flips non-Delaunay edges to become locally Delaunay. Although this algorithm is conceptually simple and guarantees to terminate in finite steps, it has no known time complexity and may also produce triangulations containing faces with only two edges. This article develops a new method to obtain proper IDTs on manifold triangle meshes. We first compute a geodesic Voronoi diagram (GVD) by taking all mesh vertices as generators and then find its dual graph. The sufficient condition for the dual graph to be a proper triangulation is that all Voronoi cells satisfy the so-called closed ball property. To guarantee the closed ball property everywhere, a certain sampling criterion is required. For Voronoi cells that violate the closed ball property, we fix them by computing topologically safe regions, in which auxiliary sites can be added without changing the topology of the Voronoi diagram beyond them. Given a mesh with n vertices, we prove that by adding at most O(n) auxiliary sites, the computed GVD satisfies the closed ball property, and hence its dual graph is a proper IDT. Our method has a theoretical worst-case time complexity O(n2 + tnlog n), where t is the number of obtuse angles in the mesh. Computational results show that it empirically runs in linear time on real-world models.
Bayesian evaluation of groundwater age distribution using radioactive tracers and anthropogenic chemicals

The development of a Bayesian modeling approach for estimation of the age distribution of groundwater using radioactive isotopes and anthropogenic chemicals is described. The model considers the uncertainties associated with the measured tracer concentrations as well as the parameters affecting the concentration of tracers in the groundwater, and it provides the posterior probability densities of the parameters defining the groundwater age distribution using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The model also incorporates the effect of dissolution of aquifer minerals on diluting the 14C signature and the uncertainties associated with this process on the inferred age distribution parameters. Two demonstration modeling cases have been performed. First, the method was applied to simulated tracer concentrations at a discharge point of a hypothetical 2‐D vertical aquifer with two recharge zones, leading to a mixed groundwater age distribution under different presumed uncertainties. When the error variance of the observed tracer concentrations is considered unknown, the method can estimate the parameters of the fitted exponential‐lognormal distribution with a relatively narrow credible interval when five hypothetical samples are assumed to be collected at the discharge point. However, when a single sample is assumed, the credible intervals become wider, and credible estimations of the parameters are not obtained. Second, the method was applied to the data collected at La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica. In this demonstration application, nine different forms of presumed groundwater age distributions have been considered, including four single forms and five mixed forms, assuming the groundwater consists of distinct young and old fractions. For the medium geometrical standard deviationδc,i = 1.41, the model estimates a young groundwater age of between 0 and 350 years, with the largest odds being given to a mean age of approximately 100 years, and a fraction of young groundwater of between 15% to roughly 60%, with the largest odds for 30%. However, the method cannot definitively rule out larger fractions of young groundwater. The model provides a much more uncertain estimation of the age of old groundwater, with a credible interval of between 20,000 to 200,000 years.
Evaluation of Stream Virtual Machine on Raw Processor

Stream processing exploits the properties of stream applications such as parallelism and throughput-oriented nature of the applications. One of the most recent approaches is community-supported Morphware stable interface (MSI) used as a stable abstraction between high-level compilers (HLC) and low-level architecture-specific compilers (LLC). We focus on one part of the MSI, the stream virtual machine (SVM). We implemented a high-level compiler that produces SVM output renderings and SVM implementation. The SVM is implemented with the Raw compiler as the LLC and an accompanying library. We also implemented stream applications such as matrix multiplication, FIR bank, and ground moving target indicator (GMTI) using the implemented compilers. These applications are optimized and the results are analyzed. The results show that the SVM framework is generally suitable for streaming applications on Raw processor.
A study on non-destructive method for detecting Toxin in pepper using Neural networks

Mycotoxin contamination in certain agricultural systems have been a serious concern for human and animal health. Mycotoxins are toxic substances produced mostly as secondary metabolites by fungi that grow on seeds and feed in the field, or in storage. The food -borne Mycotoxins likely to be of greatest significance for human health in tropical developing countries are Aflatoxins and Fumonisins. Chili pepper is also prone to Aflatoxin contamination during harvesting, production and storage periods. Various methods used for detection of Mycotoxins give accurate results, but they are slow, expensive and destructive. Destructive method is testing a material that degrades the sample under investigation. Whereas, non-destructive testing will, after testing, allow the part to be used for its intended purpose. Ultrasonic methods, Multispectral image processing methods, Terahertz methods, X -ray and Thermography have been very popular in nondestructive testing and characterizationof materials and health monitoring. Image processing methods are used to improve the visual quality of the pictures and to extract useful information from them. In this proposed work, the chili pepper samp les will be collected, and the X-ray, multispectral images of the samples will be processed us ing image processingmethods. The term “Computational Intelligence” referred as simulation of human intelligence on computers. It is also called as “Artificial Intelligence” (AI) approach. The techniques used in AI approach are Neural network, Fuzzy logicand evolutionary computation.Finally, the computational intelligence method will be used in addition to image processing to provide best, highperformance and accurate results for detecting the Mycotoxin level in the samples collected. This research paper gives an overview of the ongoing research in non-destructive methods for finding toxins in chili pepperby making a comparative study of the previous works.
A Geometric Optimization Approach to Detecting and Intercepting Dynamic Targets

A methodology is developed to deploy a mobile sensor network for the purpose of detecting and capturing mobile targets in the plane. The sensing-pursuit problem considered in this paper is analogous to the Marco Polo game, in which the pursuer must capture multiple mobile targets that are sensed intermittently, and with very limited information. In this paper, the mobile sensor network consists of a set of robotic sensors that must track and capture mobile targets based on the information obtained through cooperative detections. Since the sensors are installed on robotic platforms and have limited range, the geometry of the platforms and of the sensors field-of- view play a key role in obstacle avoidance and target detection. Thus, a new cell decomposition approach is presented to formulate the probability of detection and the cost of operating the robots based on the geometric properties of the network. Numerical simulations verify the validity and flexibility of our methodology.
Knockdown of Asparagine Synthetase A Renders Trypanosoma brucei Auxotrophic to Asparagine

Asparagine synthetase (AS) catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of aspartate into asparagine using ammonia or glutamine as nitrogen source. There are two distinct types of AS, asparagine synthetase A (AS-A), known as strictly ammonia-dependent, and asparagine synthetase B (AS-B), which can use either ammonia or glutamine. The absence of AS-A in humans, and its presence in trypanosomes, suggested AS-A as a potential drug target that deserved further investigation. We report the presence of functional AS-A in Trypanosoma cruzi (TcAS-A) and Trypanosoma brucei (TbAS-A): the purified enzymes convert L-aspartate into L-asparagine in the presence of ATP, ammonia and Mg2+. TcAS-A and TbAS-A use preferentially ammonia as a nitrogen donor, but surprisingly, can also use glutamine, a characteristic so far never described for any AS-A. TbAS-A knockdown by RNAi didn't affect in vitro growth of bloodstream forms of the parasite. However, growth was significantly impaired when TbAS-A knockdown parasites were cultured in medium with reduced levels of asparagine. As expected, mice infections with induced and non-induced T. brucei RNAi clones were similar to those from wild-type parasites. However, when induced T. brucei RNAi clones were injected in mice undergoing asparaginase treatment, which depletes blood asparagine, the mice exhibited lower parasitemia and a prolonged survival in comparison to similarly-treated mice infected with control parasites. Our results show that TbAS-A can be important under in vivo conditions when asparagine is limiting, but is unlikely to be suitable as a drug target.
The relationship of disordered eating habits and attitudes to clinical outcomes in young adult females with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical outcomes of adolescent and young adult female subjects with type 1 diabetes in relation to the disturbance of eating habits and attitudes over 8-12 years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients were recruited from the registers of pediatric and young adult diabetes clinics (including nonattenders) and interviewed in the community. A total of 87 patients were assessed at baseline (aged 11-25 years), and 63 (72%) were reinterviewed after 8-12 years (aged 20-38 years). Eating habits and attitudes were assessed by a semistructured research diagnostic interview (Eating Disorder Examination). RESULTS Clinical eating disorders ascertained from the interview and/or case note review at baseline or follow-up were found in 13 subjects (14.9% [95% CI 8.2-24.2]), and an additional 7 subjects had evidence of binging or purging, bringing the total affected to 26%. Insulin misuse for weight control was reported by 31 (35.6% [25.7-46.6]) subjects. Overall outcome was poor; serious microvascular complications were common and mortality was high. There were significant relationships between disordered eating habits, insulin misuse, and microvascular complications. CONCLUSIONS Although the cross-sectional prevalence of clinical eating disorders in young women with diabetes is modest, the cumulative incidence of eating problems continues to increase after young adulthood, and this is strongly associated with poor physical health outcomes. The combination of an eating disorder and diabetes puts patients at high risk of mortality and morbidity. Better methods of detection and management are needed.
Crustal Deformation of the Altyn Tagh Fault Based on GPS

Knowledge of the slip behavior of the Altyn Tagh fault (ATF) has significant implications for our understanding of the tectonic deformation of the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we process Global Positioning System (GPS) data spanning 2009–2017 across the western ATF, merge the solution with recently published GPS velocities, and obtain a dense GPS velocity field for northern Tibet. We introduce an elastic block model and estimate the fault slip rate, interseismic fault coupling (ISC), and seismic moment accumulation rate along the ATF. The estimated left‐lateral strike‐slip rate of the ATF decreases eastward from 12.8 ± 0.4 mm/a to 0.1 ± 0.2 mm/a. Results show a heterogeneous distribution of ISC along the fault, with the fault locking depth varying from 5 to 20 km. The seismic moment accumulation rate is 2.16–2.37 × 1018 N m/km along three segments between Sulamu Tagh and Aksay bends, where the accumulated seismic moment over the last five centuries could be balanced by earthquakes with magnitudes of Mw 7.7, Mw 7.6, and Mw 7.8, respectively. We calculate the ratio of the Indo‐Eurasia convergence accommodated by the ATF and find that 10.3% of the convergence is accommodated along the fault by lateral extrusion; quantitative analysis of the strain rate, however, shows that a large part of the northern Tibet is not well described by elastic block rotation. Consequently, we suggest that a hybrid kinematic model that includes both block‐like and continuous deformation is needed to better delineate the crustal deformation of the Tibetan Plateau.
Dexmedetomidine reduces Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo- Controlled, Double-Blind Study.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine in preventing catheterrelated bladder discomfort (CRBD) in a postanesthesia care unit (PACU). METHODS A total of 138 consecutive adult male patients, classified by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) as ASA class I and ASA class II, were scheduled for elective open upper-middle abdominal surgery. They were randomized into 2 groups, C and D, comprising 69 patients each. Group C was given a saline solution as placebo, and group D received dexmedetomidine. Either placebo or drug was administered intravenously at 0.5 μg/kg as each patient's abdomen was being closed. After induction of anesthesia, each patient was catheterized with a 16F Foley catheter and the balloon inflated with 10 mL of distilled water. In the PACU, the incidence and severity (mild, moderate, or severe) of CRBD were assessed 0, 1, 2, and 6 hours after extubation. Postoperative pain (numeric rating scale) and sedation level (Ramsay score) were also assessed at the same time points. The incidence of adverse clinical events after the injection of dexmedetomidine or placebo was monitored. RESULTS Measured at 0, 1, 2, and 6 hours after extubation, the incidence and severity of CRBD in postoperative group D were significantly reduced compared with those of group C (p<0.01). Dexmedetomidine also helped to relieve postoperative pain and induce deeper sedation 0 and 1 hour after extubation (p<0.05). No significant differences in adverse events other than bradycardia and hypotension were observed in group D (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine (0.5 μg/kg IV) administration during surgery reduced the incidence and severity of CRBD in the PACU without causing significant side effects.
Software para el filtrado de páginas web pornográficas basado en el clasificador KNN - UDWEBPORN

En este articulo se propone el uso de un algoritmo para filtrar automaticamente paginas web, en este caso se filtra paginas pornograficas. Para llevar a cabo dicha (filtrado automatico) tarea, se implementan tecnicas de mineria de datos y algoritmos de aprendizaje incremental para el proceso de extraccion, representacion y clasificacion de las paginas.
Assessing local tissue edema in postmastectomy lymphedema.

Overall limb lymphedema can be assessed by several methods but none are suitable to determine local edema. Quantifying local edema could provide important information not previously available. Our goal was to determine the suitability of using the tissue dielectric constant (TDC) as and index of local tissue water to detect and quantify edema in postmastectomy patients with unilateral arm lymphedema. Segmental arm volume and TDC were measured in both arms of 18 women with unilateral lymphedema, and in 15 premenopausal and 15 postmenopausal controls. TDC was measured at a frequency of 300 MHz using open-ended coaxial probes with effective measuring depths of 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 5.0 mm. For patients and controls, absolute TDC depended on measurement depth but for any depth the TDC of lymphedematous segments was significantly greater than for non-affected contralateral arms (p<0.001). At a depth of 2.5 mm, the TDC ratio between arms for patients was 1.64+/-0.30 vs.1. 04+/-0.04 for both control groups (p<0.001). No patient's TDC ratio was as low as 1.2 and no control subject's TDC ratio was as great as 1.2. Results suggest that this method is a good quantitative discriminator of the presence of lymphedema in patients with unilateral limb lymphedema.
The Bethe ansatz for superconformal Chern-Simons

We study the anomalous dimensions for scalar operators for a three-dimensional Chern-Simons theory recently proposed in arXiv:0806.1218. We show that the mixing matrix at two-loop order is that for an integrable Hamiltonian of an SU(4) spin chain with sites alternating between the fundamental and the anti-fundamental representations. We find a set of Bethe equations from which the anomalous dimensions can be determined and give a proposal for the Bethe equations to the full superconformal group of OSp(2,2|6).
Preservation of Episodic Visual Recognition Memory in Aging

Abstract Visual episodic recognition memory was assessed in young (mean age 22.5 years) and older (mean age 74.1 years) adults. To isolate purely visual memory, recognition was tested with sets of briefly-presented compound sinusoidal gratings, which minimized age-related differences in visual processing, and resisted verbal encoding. Recognition was measured after delays of 1, 2 or 4 seconds. Overall, neither accuracy of recognition nor speed of response differed significantly between groups, or with probe delay, which strengthens recent claims that visual memory tends to be spared during the course of normal aging.
DOA estimation for broadband chirp signals

We derive two new methods, based on the ambiguity function, for estimating the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of broadband chirp signals. These new methods make use of the time-frequency structure of the chirp signal and can be applied to any aperture array and any chirp rate. As long as the signals are separable in the ambiguity function plane, the number of sources can be greater than the number of sensors. These methods can be applied to single chirp and multiple chirps with either the same or different chirp rates. Simulation results show that the DOA estimation performance can be improved, especially for the low SNR and spatially close sources cases.
An Adaptive Multipopulation Framework for Locating and Tracking Multiple Optima

Multipopulation methods are effective in solving dynamic optimization problems. However, to efficiently track multiple optima, algorithm designers need to address a key issue: how to adapt the number of populations. In this paper, an adaptive multipopulation framework is proposed to address this issue. A database is designed to collect heuristic information of algorithm behavior changes. The number of populations is adjusted according to statistical information related to the current evolving status in the database and a heuristic value. Several other techniques are also introduced, including a heuristic clustering method, a population exclusion scheme, a population hibernation scheme, two movement schemes, and a peak hiding method. The particle swarm optimization and differential evolution algorithms are implemented into the framework, respectively. A set of multipopulation-based algorithms are chosen to compare with the proposed algorithms on the moving peaks benchmark using four different performance measures. The effect of the components of the framework is also investigated based on a set of multimodal problems in static environments. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms outperform the other algorithms in most scenarios.
Exposure to Violence and Carotid Artery Intima‐Media Thickness in Mexican Women

Background Violence against women has become a global public health threat. Data on the potential impact of exposure to violence on cardiovascular disease are scarce. Methods and Results We evaluated the association between exposure to violence and subclinical cardiovascular disease in 634 disease‐free women from the Mexican Teachers' Cohort who responded to violence‐related items from the Life Stressor Checklist and underwent measures of carotid artery intima‐media thickness in 2012 and 2013. We defined exposure to violence as having ever been exposed to physical and/or sexual violence. Intima‐media thickness was log‐transformed, and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis was defined as intima‐media thickness ≥0.8 mm or plaque. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for several potential confounders. Mean age was 48.9±4.3 years. Close to 40% of women reported past exposure to violence. The lifetime prevalence of sexual violence was 7.1%, and prevalence of physical violence was 23.5% (7.7% reported both sexual and physical violence). Relative to women with no history of violence, exposure to violence was associated with higher intima‐media thickness (adjusted mean percentage difference=2.4%; 95% confidence interval 0.5, 4.3) and subclinical atherosclerosis (adjusted odds ratio=1.60; 95% confidence interval 1.10, 2.32). The association was stronger for exposure to physical violence, especially by mugging or physical assault by a stranger (adjusted mean % difference=4.6%; 95% confidence interval 1.8, 7.5, and odds ratio of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis=2.06; 95% confidence interval 1.22, 3.49). Conclusions Exposure to violence, and in particular assault by a stranger, was strongly associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease in Mexican middle‐aged women.
Semantically faceted navigation with topic pies

Faceted search allows navigating through large collections along different dimensions in order to find relevant objects efficiently. Traditional faceted search systems often suffer from a lack of usability; furthermore facets are often static and independent from the search result set. In this paper, we present a dynamic semantic topical faceting approach. It uses a pie menu called topic pie that allows visualisation of facets and user interaction. Depending on the search query, the topic pie presents a set of topics and major topics which help the user to drill down the search result set to relevant objects efficiently as well as to browse exploratively through the collection. The underlying algorithm optimises the conflicting goals relevance and diversity while avoiding information overload. It reveals a good performance on large data sets. As our use-case, we chose literature research in scientific libraries. An evaluation shows major advantages of our approach compared to state-of-the-art faceted search techniques in nowadays library portals.