Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flexible Authenticated Encryption

We define and build a new type of AEAD scheme that we call flexible. Flexibility is intended as an answer to the growing list of desired security and performance features for future AEAD standards. Rather than a scheme per requirement, we offer a single scheme that flexibly incorporates multiple requirements, yet in a unified, systematic, and performance-optimal way. Mandatory for our definition are to provide classic unique-nonce AE security and, importantly and more novel, context commitment; then additionally to allow keys and nonces of arbitrary length. Beyond this, the scheme is configurable through an application-chosen input called a configuration . Via this input, one says what further or advanced security or performance attributes one wants; for example, misuse resistance, nonce-hiding, preservation of length, or parallelizability. The choice can be made dynamically and the scheme will provide the chosen set of attributes without changing the key. In providing a flexible scheme, we take a clean-slate approach. Our Flex scheme is built from a single permutation. Our implementations show that, for each configuration, the performance of Flex is competitive with that of current, dedicated schemes that directly and only provide the features named in that particular configuration.
UvA-DARE (Digital Mood selectively moderates the implicit alcohol association-drinking relation in college student heavy episodic drinkers

Multiple studies indicate that implicit alcohol-related associations (i.e., indices of relatively fast, spon- taneous processes) predict drinking. An important next step is to investigate moderators of the implicit association-drinking relationship. Mood state has been proposed as a moderator of this relationship: implicit associations have been theorized to be stronger predictors of drinking under positive mood states. From the same theoretical perspective, explicit measures (indices of relatively slow, reflective processes) have been proposed to be stronger predictors of drinking under negative mood states. The current study evaluated these hypotheses by investigating whether mood state (manipulated via exposure to a brief video clip) moderated the relations between three types of implicit alcohol-related associations (alcohol excite, alcohol approach, and drinking identity), their explicit counterparts, and drinking in a taste test that included beer and soft drinks. A sample of 152 undergraduate social drinkers (81 men; 71 women) completed baseline measures of implicit alcohol-related associations, their explicit counterparts, and typical drinking behaviors. Participants then viewed a mood-state-inducing video clip (positive, neutral, or negative), and completed the taste test. Results were mixed but generally indicated that prediction of drinking by baseline implicit alcohol excite (but not alcohol approach or drinking identity) associations was moderated by mood. Specifically, implicit alcohol excite associations were more negatively associated with drinking after viewing the sad video and more positively associated with drinking after watching the happy/neutral video. Moderation was also observed for the explicit counterpart of alcohol excite. Findings are discussed in terms of models of negative reinforcement drinking.
Design of a fractal inspired antipodal vivaldi antenna with enhanced radiation characteristics for wideband applications

A novel fractal inspired antipodal Vivaldi antenna is proposed for wideband applications. A step-by-step procedure has been employed to design and optimise the performance of the proposed antenna. First, a conventional antipodal Vivaldi antenna (CAVA) is designed as a reference antenna and then a Koch fractal-shaped parasitic lens is introduced in the CAVA. Finally, a fractal-shaped dielectric lens has been added as an extension of the antenna substrate. The presence of parasitic fractal lens in the flare aperture and fractal dielectric lens enhances the antenna bandwidth and also improves field coupling between the antenna arms and produces stronger radiation in the end fire direction which in turn increases the gain and directivity of the antenna. The optimised antenna is fabricated and tested showing| S 11 | below -10 dB from 4.2-42 GHz band. The dimension of the proposed antenna is 186 × 66 × 1.524 mm 3 . Results show that |S 11 | characteristics and other parameters are in good agreement with the simulation counterpart.
CLASSIFICATION OF Pc 1 AND Pi 1 WAVES OBSERVED IN HIGH LATITUDES

: A classification of the ULF-waves in the pc 1 and pi 1 frequency range was attempted on the basis of recent data (1976-78). Referring to the spectral structures of ULF waves, their similarities at the conjugate pair stations, their association with SC and SI events, and the correlations between auroras and VLF, it is shown that pc 1 and pi 1 ULF waves can be classified into six types with nine subclasses, as summarized in Table 1.
Using Space Geodesy to Constrain Variations in Seismogenic Behavior on Subduction Megathrusts

The concept of seismogenic asperities and aseismic barriers has become a useful paradigm within which to understand the seismogenic behavior of major faults. Since asperities and barriers can be thought of as defining the potential rupture area of large megathrust earthquakes, it is thus important to identify their respective spatial extents, constrain their temporal longevity, and to develop a physical understanding for their behavior. Space geodesy is making critical contributions to the identification of slip asperities and barriers but progress in many geographical regions depends on improving the accuracy and precision of the basic measurements. This thesis begins with technical developments aimed at improving satellite radar interferometric measurements of ground deformation whereby we introduce an empirical correction algorithm for unwanted effects due to interferometric path delays that are due to spatially and temporally variable radar wave propagation speeds in the atmosphere. In chapter 2, I combine geodetic datasets with complementary spatio-temporal resolutions to improve our understanding of the spatial distribution of crustal deformation sources and their associated temporal evolution – here we use observations from Long Valley Caldera (California) as our test bed. In the third chapter I apply the tools developed in the first two chapters to analyze postseismic deformation associated with the 2010 Mw=8.8 Maule (Chile) earthquake. The result delimits patches where afterslip occurs, explores their relationship to coseismic rupture, quantifies frictional properties associated with inferred patches of afterslip, and discusses the relationship of asperities and barriers to long-term topography. The final chapter investigates interseismic deformation of the eastern Makran subduction zone by using satellite radar interferometry only, and demonstrates that with state-of-art techniques it is possible to quantify tectonic signals with small amplitude and long wavelength. Portions of the eastern Makran for which we estimate low fault coupling correspond to areas where bathymetric features on the downgoing plate are presently subducting, whereas the region of the 1945 M=8.1 earthquake appears to be more highly coupled.
Modelling of geobags for river bank protection

In recent years, sand filled geotextile bags (geobags) have been used as a means of long term riverbank protection. However, despite their deployment in a significant number of locations the failure modes of such structures are not well understood. The aim of this research is to influence future design guidelines for geobag riverbank protection work. To achieve this it is necessary to enhance the fundamental knowledge of the performance of geobags in a revetment subject to flowing water. To achieve this quasi-physical model studies have been carried out considering two cases: a fixed bed and mobile sediment bed. To further help understand the forces acting on geobags the quasi–physical model observations have been used to validate numerical model simulations using a commercial 3D Discrete Element Model (DEM) software EDEM ® coupled with a 3D water velocity field. From the quasi–physical modeling it was known that there are types of geobag revetment failure common to both fixed bed and mobile beds. However, in mobile bed case toe scouring including the bed formation at different water depths has a significant influence on geobag performance. The aspect of the work reported is the use of two analytical techniques, the Conveyance Estimation System (CES) and the membrane analogy method developed by Chow to predict hydraulic shear stress on the geobag surface. It is concluded that both methods produce acceptable predictions, although the CES is recommended for further use because of its ease computational effort. Then the third part of the research deals with the Discrete Element Modelling (DEM) simulation. The CES results were used for preparing a mapped velocity field for a DEM simulation. The validated DEM model could identify well the critical bag location in varying water depths and with varying bed formations. Toe scour, one of the major instability factors in revetments, and its influence on bottom most layer of the bags were reasonably represented in this DEM model. Finally, it is envisaged that the usage of DEM model will provide more details on geobag revetment in riverbank. Finally, through an intensive review on available guidelines or recommendation on geobag protection work an application of DEM model for guideline setup has proposed. The main recommendation of this research is that with proper measured data from field can enhance the applicability of the DEM model for predicting the geobag performance in riverbank protection.
DSCRETE: Automatic Rendering of Forensic Information from Memory Images via Application Logic Reuse

State-of-the-art memory forensics involves signature-based scanning of memory images to uncover data structure instances of interest to investigators. A largely unaddressed challenge is that investigators may not be able to interpret the content of data structure fields, even with a deep understanding of the data structure's syntax and semantics. This is very common for data structures with application-specific encoding, such as those representing images, figures, passwords, and formatted file contents. For example, an investigator may know that a buffer field is holding a photo image, but still cannot display (and hence understand) the image. We call this the data structure content reverse engineering challenge. In this paper, we present DSCRETE, a system that enables automatic interpretation and rendering of in-memory data structure contents. DSCRETE is based on the observation that the application in which a data structure is defined usually contains interpretation and rendering logic to generate human-understandable output for that data structure. Hence DSCRETE aims to identify and reuse such logic in the program's binary and create a "scanner+renderer" tool for scanning and rendering instances of the data structure in a memory image. Different from signature-based approaches, DSCRETE avoids reverse engineering data structure signatures. Our evaluation with a wide range of real-world application binaries shows that DSCRETE is able to recover a variety of application data -- e.g., images, figures, screenshots, user accounts, and formatted files and messages -- with high accuracy. The raw contents of such data would otherwise be unfathomable to human investigators.
A Single-Trim Frequency Reference System With 0.7 ppm/°C From −63 °C to 165 °C Consuming 210 μW at 70 MHz

This article presents a frequency reference system that combines high frequency accuracy and low power consumption using a single-point temperature trim and batch calibration. The system is intended as a low-cost fully integrated crystal oscillator replacement. In this system, the oscillation frequency of a power-efficient, but process, voltage, temperature (PVT) and lifetime (L)-sensitive current-controlled ring oscillator (CCO) is periodically (re)calibrated by the well-behaved frequency stability of an untuned LC –based Colpitts oscillator (LCO), which is optimized for stability over PVT variations and lifetime (PVTL). During the single-point room temperature factory trim, the frequency of the LCO is determined and the result is digitally stored. An on-chip calibration engine tunes the CCO to the target frequency based on the LCO frequency, temperature sensor information, and digitally stored trimming information, thus effectively improving the frequency stability of the ring oscillator. The relatively high-power LCO is heavily duty-cycled to minimize the overall power consumption. A prototype fabricated in a 0.13- $\mu \text{m}$ high-voltage (HV) CMOS SOI process and assembled in a plastic package demonstrates an inaccuracy lower than ±93 ppm over a temperature range from −63 °C to 165 °C across 18 samples. The presented frequency reference system, including on-chip voltage regulators and a temperature sensor, occupies a chip area of 0.69 mm2 and consumes about 64 $\mu \text{A}$ from a single 3.3-V supply. The frequency error due to supply variation is roughly 92 ppm/V. The mean frequency shift due to aging, measured before and after a six-day storage bake at 175 °C, is only 52 ppm.
Talent Identification and Development in Male Cricket: A Systematic Review

Talent identification and talent development in cricket has received growing attention in recent years. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the existing literature on talent identification and development in male cricket, while highlighting recommended areas of future research. Database searches were conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science according to the PRISMA guidelines. The Boolean combination of (((cricket)) AND ((talent identification) OR (talent development) OR (expert) OR (elite))) was applied. The initial search returned 587 records of which a total of 80 were eligible for full-text analysis ( IRR = 96.8%, k = 0.88), with a subsequent final inclusion of 47 articles ( IRR = 93.7%, k = 0.87). The ecological dynamics framework was applied to collate factors (Dimundo et al., 2021; Sarmento et al., 2018): (1) task constraints : (a) participation history; (2) performer constraints : (a) technical and biomechanical, (b) perceptual-cognitive, (c) psychological, and (d) anthropometrical and physiological; and, (3) environmental constraints : (a) socio-cultural and (b) relative age effects. Results suggest biomechanical and technical skills as well as perceptual-cognitive factors were reported most frequently, whereas there was limited inclusion for physiological and anthropometrical factors and little inclusion for environmental constraints. Future research should aim to investigate how environmental constraints affect talent identification and development.
Influence of Combined Fitness Classes on Physical Preparedness and Posture Formation in Primary School Children

The aim of the study was to reveal the effectiveness of combined fitness classes for primary school children, organized considering their physical preparedness level and peculiarities of posture formation. Materials and methods. The research involved 56 children who were 8-9 years old at the beginning of the experiment, among them 32 girls and 24 boys. Four groups were formed: two experimental EG1 (13) and EG2 (16) and two control CG1 (11) and CG2 (16). Participants of the experimental groups attended fitness classes, and children in the control groups exercised only during physical education classes. The following methods were used in the study: study and analysis of literature; analysis of video recordings of fitness programs; pedagogical testing; visual screening of biogeometric posture profile; pedagogical experiment, and mathematical statistics. Results. Measurement of physical ability development at the end of the experiment showed significant improvement in groups where children attended specially organized combined fitness classes in addition to main physical education classes at school. The most positive results of the study were changes in the level of the biogeometric posture profile of the studied EG1. Thus, if at the beginning of the experiment in EG1 there were 2 children with low level and 11 children with medium level, at the end of the experiment 6 children had medium level and 7 children improved their posture to high level. Conclusions. It has been experimentally proved that for children with posture defects and low level of physical preparedness, fitness classes should be filled mainly with low-impact strength exercises that have a corrective effect. High-impact aerobic exercises should be included in the combined classes for children with normal posture and organized according to the classical scheme: warm-up, aerobic peak, hitch, power block, and stretching.
Mammals of Red Slough Wildlife Management Area, with comments on McCurtain County, Oklahoma

Red Slough Wildlife Management Area (RSWMA) is located in the southeastern corner of Oklahoma, McCurtain County, and represents the extreme northwestern extent of the South Central Plains (SCP) ecoregion. Previous mammal research in southeastern Oklahoma has focused mostly on the Ouachita Mountains to the north of RSWMA. As a result, of the 69 species of mammals potentially occurring in McCurtain County, only 48 species represented by 599 voucher specimens reside in natural history collections. We present results from a mammal survey of RSWMA conducted from December 2009 to August 2010. We captured 574 non-volant small mammals in 9,115 trap-nights, 11 bats in 17 net-nights, and seven salvaged meso-mammals resulting in 157 voucher specimens of 22 mammal species, including the first specimen of Castor canadensis for McCurtain County, and photographic vouchers for eight additional species from RSWMA. These results provide a baseline for future studies on RSWMA and substantially increase our natural history knowledge for many relatively under-studied mammals in southeastern Oklahoma.
Dynamic Data Fault Localization for Deep Neural Networks

Rich datasets have empowered various deep learning (DL) applications, leading to remarkable success in many fields. However, data faults hidden in the datasets could result in DL applications behaving unpredictably and even cause massive monetary and life losses. To alleviate this problem, in this paper, we propose a dynamic data fault localization approach, namely DFauLo, to locate the mislabeled and noisy data in the deep learning datasets. DFauLo is inspired by the conventional mutation-based code fault localization, but utilizes the differences between DNN mutants to amplify and identify the potential data faults. Specifically, it first generates multiple DNN model mutants of the original trained model. Then it extracts features from these mutants and maps them into a suspiciousness score indicating the probability of the given data being a data fault. Moreover, DFauLo is the first dynamic data fault localization technique, prioritizing the suspected data based on user feedback, and providing the generalizability to unseen data faults during training. To validate DFauLo, we extensively evaluate it on 26 cases with various fault types, data types, and model structures. We also evaluate DFauLo on three widely-used benchmark datasets. The results show that DFauLo outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques in almost all cases and locates hundreds of different types of real data faults in benchmark datasets.
of Disaster Risk Reduction

When we recognize various factors which influence vaccine willingness, it is unclear whether these factors work the same in different countries. This study explored how trust in scientists was related to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancies and vaccine willingness in China and the U.S. We at- tempted to understand the extent to which the perceived trustworthiness of scientists would predict vaccine hesitancies and intention to get vaccinated differently in these two countries. An on- line survey with participants in China (N = 391) and in the U.S. (N = 363) was conducted. Participants were asked about their view of scientists' competence, benevolence, and integrity as di- mensions of trustworthiness, three types of vaccine hesitancies, as well as their willingness to get vaccinated. The results showed that trust in scientists was negatively related to individual vac- cine hesitancy in both China and the U.S., and trust was negatively associated with the level of contextual hesitancy and vaccine-specific hesitancy in the U.S. Higher trust in scientists was also associated with the willingness to get vaccines in the U.S., rather than in China. Results yielded differences in China and the U.S. in how trust in scientists and vaccine hesitancies predicted indi- viduals ’ willingness to get vaccinated.
EJAL Article template

This study examined the English extensive reading (ER) programs across the Arabian Gulf region. It investigated the ER models and approaches adopted by different higher education institutions (HEIs) in the region, their ER practices and activities, and the challenges they encountered in implementing their ER programs. Utilizing qualitative research design with seventeen (17) cases from prominent colleges and universities in Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, and Kuwait, the study found that most English ER programs in the region adopted the Graded Readers approach with the Supervised-Modified ER model and course-component integration scheme. The study further discovered that the ER programs varied in terms of duration, number of hours and sessions, target number of words, required number of books read, engagement and enrichment activities, and assessment system. Lastly, the study also found that HEIs in the region experienced challenges in sustaining meaningful, varied, and sufficient resources, changing the negative attitudes of the stakeholders toward extensive reading, providing more sufficient space for ER in English language curriculum, and building a strong culture of reading in the community as a whole. The study concludes with recommendations on how to improve English ER implementation in the Arabian Gulf region. © 2021 EJAL & the Authors. Published by Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics (EJAL). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY-NC-ND) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
EFFECT OF USING PROBIOTICS ON ARABIAN CAMELS (Camelus dromedarius) FEEDING: AN IN VITRO STUDY.

SUMMARY hree types of probiotics ( Ruminococcus flavefaciens , Bacillus subtlis and Lactobacillus acidophilus ) were used (single or combined) to study their effects on gas production (GP), in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD%), degradability parameters (a, b and c) and predicted dry matter intake using rumen liquor of Arabian camels. All probiotics were used in concentration of 2 ml/Kg DM. The tested feed consisted of alfalfa hay ( Medicago sativa ) and concentrate feed mixture (CFM) in total mixed ration (TMR) with roughage concentrate ratio (R:C) equal to 60:40. Group1 (control without probiotic), group2 ( Ruminococcus flavefaciens (ZAD)), group3 ( Bacillus subtlis ) and group4 (ZAD+ Bacillus subtlis + Lactobacillus acidophilus ). There was no significant difference in gas production at 24h and overall mean of gas production through experimental groups. Group4 (probiotics combination) was the highest among the tested groups in IVDMD%, degradability parameters and predicted dry matter intake (P< 0.05). That may be due to positive synergistic effects of probiotics combination.