Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-tumor activity of the Hsp90 inhibitor IPI-504 in HER2 positive trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer.

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) facilitates the maturation and stability of numerous oncoproteins, including HER2. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-tumor activity of the Hsp90 inhibitor IPI-504 in trastuzumab-resistant, HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells. Therapy with trastuzumab, IPI-504 and the combination of trastuzumab and IPI-504 were evaluated in trastuzumab sensitive and trastuzumab-resistant cells. Inhibition of protein targets, cell proliferation and tumor growth was assessed in vitro and xenograft models. IPI-504 inhibited proliferation of both trastuzumab-sensitive and trastuzumab-resistant cells. Administration of IPI-504 markedly reduced total levels of HER2 and Akt, as well as phosphorylated Akt and MAPK to an equal extent in trastuzumab-sensitive and trastuzumab-resistant cells. IPI-504, used as single agent or in combination with trastuzumab, also inhibited in vivo the growth of both trastuzumab-sensitive and resistant tumor xenografts. As a mechanism for the observed anti-tumor activity, IPI-504 resulted in a marked decrease in the levels of HER2, Akt, p-Akt and p-MAPK in trastuzumab-resistant xenografts as early as 12 hours after a single dose of IPI-504. IPI-504 demonstrates antitumor activity in trastuzumab-sensitive and trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo . IPI-504-mediated Hsp90 inhibition may represent a novel therapeutic approach in trastuzumab refractory HER2 positive breast cancer.
Prevalence and Outcomes of Thrombophilia in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Background: We aimed to study the prevalence and outcomes of thrombophilia in acute pulmonary embolism. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted to include patients with a radiologically con ﬁ rmed diagnosis of PE screened for thrombophilia from May 2011 to February 2015. Data included patients ’ demographics; clinical presentation, risk factors, laboratory investigations, management, and outcome were analyzed and compared in patients with and without thrombophilia. Results: A total of 227 cases of PE were included in the study, of which 108 (47.6%) had thrombophilia. The most frequent coagulopathic abnormality included de ﬁ ciency of protein S, protein C, and antithrombin III and hyperhomocysteinemia. Only seven out of 79 patients were found to have factor V Leiden. PE patients diagnosed with thrombophilia were 10 years younger in age and peaked in the age range 30 – 39 years. Prior history of DVT ( p =0.001) and PE ( p =0.001) were the main signi ﬁ cant risk factors in the thrombophilia group. The frequency of different risk categories of clinical probability scores did not differ signi ﬁ cantly among those with and without thrombophilia. Pulmonary hypertension was a common complication in the thrombophilia group ( P =0.009). Medications used included warfarin (74.7%), enoxaparin (73.9%), and heparin (55.4%). The overall mortality rate was 8.4%, and was non-signi ﬁ cantly higher in the non-thrombophilia group. Conclusion: De ﬁ ciencies of protein S, protein C, and antithrombin III are the leading causes of thrombophilic defects. Patients with hereditary thrombophilia are at increased risk of acute PE, particularly among young individuals. Therefore, early detection of thrombophilic defects together with other unprovoked risk factors could reduce the risk of recurrent VTE. the processes involved in the maintenance of vascular health; the monitoring, prevention and treatment of vascular disease and its sequelae; and the involvement of metabolic disorders, particularly diabetes. This journal is indexed on PubMed Central and MedLine. The manuscript management system is completely online and includes a very quick and fair peer- review system, which is all easy to use. Visit http://www.dovepress. com/testimonials.php to read real quotes from published authors.
Cooperative versus Adversarial Learning: Generating Political Text

This thesis aims to evaluate the current state of the art for unconditional text generation and compare established models with novel approaches in the task of generating texts, after being trained on texts written by political parties from the Swedish Riksdag. First, the progression of language modeling from n-gram models and statistical models to neural network models is presented. This is followed by theoretical arguments for the development of adversarial training methods, where a generator neural network tries to fool a discriminator network, trained to distinguish between real and generated sentences. One of the methods in the research frontier diverges from the adversarial idea and instead uses cooperative training, where a mediator network is trained instead of a discriminator. The mediator is then used to estimate a symmetric divergence measure between the true distribution and the generator’s distribution, which is to be minimized in training. A set of experiments evaluates the performance of cooperative training and adversarial training, and finds that they both have advantages and disadvantages. In the experiments, the adversarial training increases the quality of generated texts, while the cooperative training increases the diversity. The findings are in line with the theoretical expectation.
Collaborative Learning in an Online-only Design for Manufacturability Course

In contemporary design-for-manufacturability education, the use of design-thinking (or human-centered design) and team-based design projects are ubiquitous. Students are typically taken on a journey to better appreciate synthesis of the “big picture” while learning to consider an open-ended manufacturability problem from various perspectives and discovering the value in empathy and co-creation. However, with the onset of online-only modes of instruction to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic, meaningful collaborative learning has become challenging. Students regularly cite the lack of social interaction as a main reason for poor virtual teamwork and tend to display entrenched preference for face-to-face interactions to perform ideation and to understand or resolve issues, which hampers the use of online counterparts. However, online learning has brought to light several digital platforms that are easily customizable for online collaboration among students. When it comes to virtual ideation (or virtual “brainstorming”), effective generation of new ideas or concepts is difficult. Social media platforms like WeChat, GroupMe, and Discord are beneficial for high-level idea sharing;Zoom and other videoconferencing platforms might be similarly helpful. Still, engineering students tend to have trouble when using computer-aided drawing platforms that do not allow interactive collaboration in real-time (e.g. Fusion 360). Instructors also must contend with student apprehension to use unfamiliar digital tools. Among online collaborative platforms, Miro may pose a solution to these challenges, as it allows for synchronous interaction and captures essential elements of a face-to-face ideation environment. This platform could also facilitate empathy-mapping and journey-mapping labs, where team members would capture the team's combined user knowledge and map-out user attitudes, behaviors, needs, and pain points. This study investigates if and how the use of the Miro virtual ideation platform affects ideation of small teams of engineering students (n = 65) in a sophomore-level design-for-manufacturability course. Questionnaires were used to evaluate 1) students' perceived cognitive and emotional engagement when using Miro, 2) Miro's utility in authentically subjecting students to aspects of design-thinking, and 3) the degree of psychological safety in Miro's virtual collaborative environment. The effective use of online ideation tools, like Miro, is of paramount importance when engineering students are collaborating in an online-only learning environment. Findings from this study will provide insight toward the utility in adopting Miro (or similar platforms) for such purposes as well as help identify psychological issues that could be suitably addressed when using online collaborative platforms such as Miro. This study contributes to the body of knowledge pertaining to effective student engagement during online or hybrid modes of education. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2021
Adoption of Community Security Initiatives against Protracted Insecurity in Laikipia North, Kenya

This article interrogates the underlying factors that cause communities residing in areas affected by communal conflicts in Laikipia North, Kenya, to embrace community security initiatives as a way of addressing protracted insecurity. In the context of peripheral territories such as Laikipia North, security as a right is contested due to factors such as protraction of insecurity, civilian militarization, and overall absence of the state as a security provider. Critical to the study is the understanding that the state as a political entity is impacted by a myriad of geo-political, security and socio-economic forces. These geo-political, security and socio-economic forces may compromise the functionality of the state as far as fulfilling its mandate to the citizens is concerned. In this regard, the adoption of community security initiatives raises fundamental questions as to whether the state has failed to deliver on its mandate of providing security, given that Kenya is a functioning state. This phenomenological study aimed at examining the underlying forces that inform internal security experiences among communities in communal conflict regions. Specifically, the study explored the post-2010 factors in relation to state of (in)security in Laikipia County. The study used qualitative approach in which data was collected using FGDs, interviews and observation checklist. Data was analyzed thematically in line with the objectives of the study. bottom-up in loss of and a lack in managing linked to sand
University of Birmingham X-ray tomographic imaging of tensile deformation modes of electrospun biodegradable polyester fibres

enables the production of constructs with large surface area and a fibrous morphology that closely resembles the extracellular matrix of many tissues. A fibrous structure not only promotes cell attachment and tissue formation but could also lead to very interesting mechanical properties. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB-co-4HB)) is a biodegradable polyester that exhibits a large ( > 400%) elongation before failure. In this study, synchrotron X-ray phase contrast imaging was performed during tensile deformation to failure on a non-woven fiber mat of P(3HB-co-4HB) fibers. Significant reorientation of the fibers in the straining direction was observed, followed by localized necking and eventual failure. From an original average fiber diameter of 4.3 µm, a bimodal distribution of fiber diameter (modal diameters of 1.9 and 3.7 µm) formed after tensile deformation. Extensive localized necking (thinning) of fibers between (thicker) fiber–fiber contacts was found to be the cause for non-uniform thinning of the fibers, a phenomenon that is expected but has not been observed in 3D previously. The data presented here have implications not only in tissue regeneration but for fibrous materials in general.
Okoh Correlates of Overweight and Obesity

The prevalence of excess adiposity is increasing in less developed countries. This study explored the associations of sociodemographic factors with increased BMI among Nigeria women aged 20-49 years using secondary data collected for the 2008 NDHS. Anthropometric and socio-demographic variables of interest were extracted from the data and analyzed with SPSS version 15.0. Was used to compare categorical variables and multi-nominal logistic regression was used to examine for correlates. The prevalence of overweight (BMI 25 to 29.9kg/m2) and obesity (BMI 30kg/m and above) in this population were 18.1% and 7.1% respectively. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was highest among Igbo women. Multivariable logistic regression revealed increased frequency of watching television, belonging to a particular ethnic group, having a tertiary education and increased parity as risk factors for increased BMI. This study confirms a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Nigerian women and identifies high risk groups for excessive weight gain. (Afr J Reprod Health 2013; 17[4]: 66-76).
on T and B Lymphocyte Development2 Gene Deletion a 1 and T3R a Effects of T3R

3 Thyroid hormones bind to several nuclear receptors encoded by T3R a and T3R b genes. There is now accumulating evidence that thyroid hormones act on the immune system. Indeed, mice deﬁcient for thyroid hormones show a reduction in lymphocyte production. However, the mechanisms involved and, in particular, the role of the different thyroid hormone receptors in lymphocyte development have not been investigated. To address that question, we have studied lymphocyte development in mice deﬁcient for the T3R a 1 and T3R a 2 gene products. A strong decrease in spleen cell numbers was found compared with wild-type littermates, B lymphocytes being more severely affected than T lymphocytes. A signiﬁcant decrease in splenic macrophage and granulocyte numbers was also found. In bone marrow, a reduction in CD45 1 /IgM 2 pro/pre-B cell numbers was found in these mice compared with wild-type littermates. This decrease seems to result from a proliferation defect, as CD45 1 /IgM 2 cells incor-porate less 5-bromo-2 * -deoxyuridine in vivo. To deﬁne the origin of the bone marrow development defect, chimeric animals between T3R a 2 / 2 and Rag1 2 / 2 mice were generated. Results indicate that for B cells the control of the population size by T3R a 1 and T3R a 2 is intrinsic. Altogether, these results show that T3R a 1 or T3R a 2 gene products are implicated in the control of the B cell pool size. The Journal of Immunology, 2000, 164: 152–160. KO mice and wild-type littermates were injected twice i.p. at a 30-min interval with 1 mg BrdU. This thymidine analogue is in-corporated in the DNA of cycling cells. Incorporation of BrdU in bone marrow and thymic cells was measured 6 h after the last injec-tion. Cells were ﬁrst stained for surface markers to identify lymphocyte subsets. BrdU 1 cells were then revealed by a FITC-conjugated anti-BrdU Ab, as described in Materials and Methods . PBS-injected animals were used as a negative control for background staining.
The Interaction Between Two 2D Rarefied Vapor Jets

Steel is commonly coated to protect it from corrosion. One method of applying this is by using Physical Vapor Deposition, which can be done by using multiple jets. In this process jets next to each other interact. This paper’s main aim is to investigate the interaction effect of two rarefied two-dimensional vapor jets in vacuum and how this is influenced by the distance between jets and inlet density. Furthermore, the analytical solution for the collisionless case for a single jet is extended to dual jets. Additionally, the objective is to maximize the processing speed for the use of coating, with a certain uniformity for the parameters researched in this paper and finding an optimal method in doing so. This study is done by using the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The analytical solution gave the same results as the collisionless DSMC method for both single and dual jets. Simulations with a strong interaction effect resulted in a shock. These behaved similar compared to three-dimensional jets, in the plane of the jets. The shock results in a secondary jet, which has a lower density in the middle. The interaction effect depends primarily on the inlet density. Multiple regimes are observed for different inlet density ranging from small change in properties to a shock wave, with a transitional regime inbetween. The influence of the distance between the jets is found to result in a higher density at the axis of the inlet behind the shock, for bigger distance between jets. However, for very small distances between jets compared to the inlet size the shock is weak. For the optimization, it resulted in the conclusion that the optimal coating in general is applied with the smallest distance between jets. This generally gives a better uniform coating and increased performance. However, this is not always the case when constraining the distance between the jets and sheet, as it only holds if the shock between the jets for this distance. Furthermore, an approximation is found for the optimization, which results in fewer simulations needed.
Supply Chain Optimization Modeling, a Case Study of a Glass Industry in Nigeria

The application of processes and tools such as supply chain optimization mathematical programming tool, which ensures cost optimization or profit maximization of any establishment is of great importance in our ever-changing world. In this study, solution for supply chain optimization problem for a pre-deterministic demand of supplier to customer requirements in which demand uncertainties were not considered was carried out using a case study of a glass industry in Nigeria. A mathematical optimization model with cost minimization as its main objective function given all its sets of constraints was developed. The model was implemented using Generalized Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) and results obtained were compared with that of LINGO solver. Generated data obtained from a glass industry in Nigeria was computed in the proposed models. The outcome of the results revealed that the objectives function Z (optimal cost) of the GAMS model was about 3% more than that of the LINGO model system. Besides, the raw material requirement analysis showed a difference of not more than 2% between the two models. From the GAMS results as compared to that of the test value, it was observed that there was an 8% reduction in the total operating cost of production when compared to that of the real value obtained. More so, the results of the raw material requirement obtained from both models showed slight variations as well, validating the results obtained from the model implemented. In addition, an affectability test with a 5% increase in the transportation cost impacted greatly on the overall cost of operation leading to a higher cost of production.
Correlation Between In ammatory Parameters and Thyroid Axis in Patients With COVID-19

Veronica Ilera (  veronicailera@gmail.com ) Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1724-9390 Laura C. Del no Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía Anabela Zunino Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía Patricia Glikman Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía Mónica Drnovsek Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía Adriana Reyes Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía Alicia Dios Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía Javier Toibaro Hospital José Maria Ramos Mejía Valeria Pachioli Hospital José Maria Ramos Mejía Nayla Lannes Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía Alberto Guida Hospital José Maria Ramos Mejía Alicia Gauna Hospital General de Agudos José María Ramos Mejía
THE PAST AND CURRENT UPDATES ON DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF OSTEOARTHRITIS

the OA is a troubling and disruptive disease, numerous researches have been done into diagnosing this disease, both in the early and the late stages of the disease. Diagnostic modalities such as radiography, computed-tomography (CT), micro-computed tomography (µ-CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been used in OA research. Not only that, more advance measurements and criteria have been established to standardize OA research. Currently, the OA research has been delving into proteomic studies to search for potential disease biomarkers. Biomarkers such as urinary C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 2 (uCTX-II) and cartilage oligometric protein (COMP) have shown potential to be both diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. For this review paper, the developments in diagnostic modalities are discussed focusing more on proteomic and biomarker studies.
AVAREG: a phase 2, randomized, noncomparative study of fotemustine or bevacizumab for patients with recurrent glioblastoma

Department of Medical Oncology, Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Azienda USL–IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy (A.A.B., E.F.); Molecular Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy (G.F., M.E.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Medical Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology– IRCCSPadua, Italy (V.Z., G.L.); Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy (M.R.); Oncology Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Terni, Italy (C.C.); Department of Medical Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy (A.F.); E.O. Ospedale Galliera, Genova, Italy (M.C.); Oncology Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy (E.M.); OPIS, Palazzo Aliprandi, Desio MB, Italy (M.M.); Roche S.p.A. Medical Affairs and CO, Monza, Italy (E.P.); Neuroradiology Department, Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Azienda USL–IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Ospedale Bellaria, Bologna, Italy (R.A.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Section of Anatomic Pathology M. Malpighi–Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy (V.E.)
OTT_A_300834 2349..2361

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Recently, the British Myeloma Research Alliance put forward a Myeloma Risk Profile (MRP) for the first time to stratify the prognosis risk of non-transplanted patients with multiple myeloma. However, only limited studies have evaluated the applicability of this model in the Chinese population. This study aimed to estimate the prognostic value of MRP in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients without autologous stem cell transplantation in China. Patients and Methods: Patients with multiple myeloma in Wuxi People’s Hospital from January 1, 2007, to June 30, 2018 were evaluated based on the MRP score, and the relationship between the clinical outcome of patients with MM and the score was analyzed retrospectively. Results: First, significant differences were observed in the overall survival (OS) (P<0.05) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P<0.05) between the low-, middle-, and high-risk groups. Second, in the bortezomib treatment subgroup and complex chromosome karyotype subgroup, OS and PFS were significantly shorter in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group (P<0.05). Third, the depth of remission still showed prognostic significance in the high-risk MRP group. Conclusion: MRP is also applicable in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed MM who did not undergo transplantation, as it is simple and cost effective; hence, it is worth popularizing.
On the deformability of different generations of cross-plied unidirectional prepreg

The work presented herein aims to characterise the in-plane properties of cross-plied unidirectional prepreg using the bias extension method. The study is focusing on carbon fibre/epoxy material systems and testing is performed at elevated temperatures to enhance formability. Using digital image correlation (DIC), the specimen deformation and fibre rotation is captured during tests. The study shows that the cross-plied unidirectional material deforms at different characteristic length scales as deformation continues: first seemingly continuous and later in form of bands. Further, the different type of prepreg materials investigated behaves differently; for one type the pin-jointed net theory fit well, enabling simple estimation of resulting fibre angle, while for another not. Different loading speed, temperatures and lay-up methods are investigated in order to pin-point its influence on the deformability.