Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CRISPR deletion of a SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA_67) retrotransposon demonstrates its ability to differentially modulate gene expression at the MAPT locus

Background SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposons are hominid-specific elements which have been shown to play important roles in processes such as chromatin structure remodelling and regulation of gene expression demonstrating that these repetitive elements exert regulatory functions. We have previously shown that the presence or absence of a specific SVA element, termed SVA_67, was associated with differential expression of several genes at the MAPT locus, a locus associated with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and frontotemporal dementia. However, we were not able to demonstrate that causation of differential gene expression was directed by the SVA due to lack of functional validation. Methods We performed CRISPR to delete SVA_67 in the HEK293 cell line. Quantification of target gene expression was performed using qPCR to assess the effects on expression in response to the deletion of SVA_67. Differences between CRISPR edit and control cell lines were analysed using two-tailed t-test with a minimum 95% confidence interval to determine statistical significance. Results In this study, we provide data highlighting the SVA-specific effect on differential gene expression. We demonstrate that the hemizygous deletion of the endogenous SVA_67 in CRISPR edited cell lines was associated with differential expression of several genes at the MAPT locus associated with neurodegenerative diseases including KANSL1, MAPT and LRRC37A. Discussion This data is consistent with our previous bioinformatic work of differential gene expression analysis using transcriptomic data from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort. As SVAs have regulatory influences on gene expression, and insertion polymorphisms contribute to interpersonal differences in expression patterns, these results highlight the potential contribution of these elements to complex diseases with potentially many genetic components, such as PD.
Middle Pleistocene landforms in the Danish Sector of the southern North Sea imaged on 3D seismic data

Abstract Despite a long history of investigation, several critical issues regarding the glacial history of NW Europe, particularly in currently marine areas, remain unsolved. In this study, we present a comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) seismic interpretation of an area measuring 2000 km2 in the western part of the Danish North Sea that exhibits several buried Quaternary landforms. Well data are used to assign minimum and maximum ages for the studied sedimentary succession. The most prominent buried landforms are three large-scale tunnel valleys of probable Saalian age that extend over more than 20 km across the western and southern part of the study area. These valleys most probably formed through subglacial meltwater erosion close to the termination of a former ice sheet. In the southern part of the study area, an extensive network of small-scale, dendritic seismic lineations interpreted as a palaeo-drainage system characterizes the landward termination of one major tunnel valley. This drainage system was active either contemporaneously or shortly after the development of the tunnel valley. Interpretation of this system as contemporaneous to tunnel-valley formation suggests that steady-state subglacial meltwater discharge was funnelled through a drainage system into the main tunnel valley. In contrast, interpretation of the drainage network as post-incisional points to the development of a post-glacial river system re-using the pre-existing tunnel valley as a downstream fluvial pathway. This uncertainty in the interpretation has important consequences for prediction of the rock content and reservoir characteristics of the tunnel-valley infill, in that either meltwater deposits or fluvial sediments form a considerable part of the tunnel-valley infill.
New Constraints on the Complex Subduction and Tearing Model of the Cocos Plate Using Anisotropic Pn Tomography

To better understand the structure and process of the Cocos plate subduction, we obtained the first Pn velocity and anisotropy model of the uppermost mantle in southern Mexico using the Pn tomography method and new ISC‐EHB data. This study confirms that the subducted Cocos oceanic plate exhibits mid‐oceanic ridge‐perpendicular anisotropy, and there is an arc‐parallel anisotropic structure beneath the subduction arc. The variation of the Pn velocity and anisotropy structure at the east and west ends of the flat‐slab subduction zone in the Guerrero area provide new and clear seismological images for a plate‐tearing model which might be caused by the Orozco and O'Gorman fracture zones. The Pn low‐velocity and trench‐perpendicular anisotropic structure found north of the flat‐slab subduction zone support the slab retreat model of the Central Cocos plate. The Pn structure supports the existence of tearing corresponding to Teuhantepec Ridge in the Cocos plate beneath the Isthmus of Tuxtlas. Our study provides a reliable tomography basis and new constraints for a complicated subduction dynamics process in the southern Mexico subduction zone.
SUATU KAJIAN AWAL TERHADAP TINGKAT PELECEHAN SEKSUAL DI ACEH

This is a preliminary study about the level of sexual harassment in Aceh, this study aims at describing the profile of victims of sexual abuse, sexual harassment diversity of forms of behavior that is natural, the environment in which the abuse and the causes that trigger sexual abuse so that they can be the basis of subsequent policy research in order to formulate various sexual harassment prevention strategies. A a survey is conducted by using quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches with sample selection refers to the consideration of the sampling area. Eight regencies/cities, namely Subulussalam/Singkil district and South Aceh's western coastal areas, Aceh Besar, Pidie, North Aceh and East Aceh's eastern coastal region and the Southeast Aceh Regency and Central Aceh for the central region. Data obtained through documentation and interviews were analyzed using the descriptive statistics (percentage tabulations, graphs and charts) as well as a comparative analysis of narrative logic. The results showed that, majority of sexual abuse victims are children and young women aged under 18 years old, still a student, the socioeconomic status of the family was in the middle to lower. While the perpetrators including men who come from different backgrounds in terms of ages, education, occupation, socioeconomic status, and place of residence. Forms of sexual abuse cases were rape and sexual abuse, in addition to the act of sodomy in a minority of cases. The cause of sexual harassment is a lack of parental supervision of children, the declining morality of the offender and economic factors. Psychological impact experienced by victims of sexual harassment is that they tend to be aloof, socially isolated people, expelled from school, self-blame, and prolonged trauma. The study recommends that forms of prevention and mitigation of sexual abuse should be implemented.
Selected parameters of nutritional status in patients with pancreatic head cancer – own experience

Introduction Around 200,000 new cases of pancreatic cancer are diagnosed yearly worldwide. It is the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths. Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate due to unspecific symptoms being responsible for late diagnosis. Aim In this study, the authors analysed selected nutritional parameters and the severity of anaemia in patients diagnosed with pancreatic head cancer. Material and methods Data were collected upon admission to the 2nd Clinical Department of General, Gastrointestinal, and Oncological Surgery in the University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, Poland and retrospectively with the help of correctly collected anamnesis. Results It has been shown that most patients with pancreatic cancer are malnourished at the time of diagnosis. Body mass index (BMI) is the least valuable parameter primarily. Weight loss has been determined to be the most accurate predictor of the patient’s metabolic status, although it should never be the only parameter. Although these factors do not suggest an inflammatory process, serum protein levels and albumin concentration should be considered. Conclusions When assessing the nutritional status of patients with pancreatic cancer, many predictive factors should be considered. BMI seems to be the least accurate parameter for assessing nutritional status in patients diagnosed with cancer. However, when combined with weight loss and serum albumin levels, it can be quite useful as a prognostic factor.
Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) Levels in Post-COVID Follow-Up: Differences According to the Severity of COVID-19

To evaluate KL-6 levels in medium-term post-COVID and to compare them in three groups categorised by the severity of COVID-19, we conducted a real-world, retrospective, cohort study. Data from the COVID-19 episode and follow-up during the post-COVID phase were extracted from the COVID@HULP and POSTCOVID@HULP databases, respectively. For the post-COVID period we included demographics, medical history, symptoms, quality of life, physical activity, anxiety and depression status and laboratory results. Patients were categorised into three groups based on the severity of COVID-19: Group 1 (inpatient critical), Group 2 (inpatient non-critical) and Group 3 (hospitalised at home). KL-6 was measured during the follow-up of the three groups. In all, 802 patients were included (Group 1 = 59; Group 2 = 296; Group 3 = 447 patients). The median age was 59 years (48–70), and 362 (45.2%) were males. At admission, fibrinogen and ferritin levels were lower in Group 3 than in the other groups (p < 0.001). Follow-up data were obtained 124 days (97–149) after the diagnosis of COVID-19. The median levels of fibrinogen, ferritin and KL-6 at follow-up were 336 mg/dL (276–413), 80.5 ng/mL (36–174.3) and 326 U/mL (240.3–440.3), respectively. KL-6 levels were lower in Group 3 than in the other groups (298 U/mL (231.5–398) vs. 381.5 U/mL (304–511.8) (Group 1) and 372 U/mL (249–483) (Group 2) (p < 0.001)). KL-6 was associated with ferritin (p < 0.001), fibrinogen (p < 0.001), D-dimer (p < 0.001) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (p < 0.001). KL-6 levels are less elevated at medium-term post-COVID follow-up in patients with mild COVID-19 than in those with moderate or severe disease. KL-6 is associated with systemic inflammatory, hepatic enzyme and thrombosis biomarkers.
Domainal deformation patterns and strain partitioning during transpression: an example from the Southern Uplands terrane, Scotland

The partitioning of deformation into wrench- and contraction-dominated deformation domains is a widely reported but poorly described phenomenon in ancient transpression zones. This paper documents spectacularly exposed examples of such partitioning from the Southern Uplands terrane in SE Scotland (Berwickshire), which was deformed during late Llandovery to Wenlock time. A well-exposed coastal section from Eyemouth to Burnmouth preserves a broadly homoclinal sequence in which a highly heterogeneous array of contemporaneous structures formed during regional triclinic transpression. The deformation involved components of NW–SE contraction with subvertical extension, top-to-the-SE thrusting and top-to-the-SW sinistral shear. In the northern third of the section studied these components are partitioned into a series of fault-bounded, metre- to kilometre-scale structural domains that contain geometrically and kinematically distinct assemblages of variably curvilinear folds, strike-slip detachments and locally transecting cleavages. The structures are all broadly contemporaneous and, in individual domains, record either non-coaxial contractional- or sinistral wrench-dominated strains. Similar highly heterogeneous, domainal structural patterns are likely to be found in other regions of oblique convergence in both ancient and modern settings.
Time-lapse seismic performance of a sparse permanent array: Experience from the Aquistore CO2 storage site

ABSTRACTA sparse areal permanent array of buried geophones was deployed at the Aquistore CO2 storage site in Saskatchewan, Canada. The purpose of this array is to facilitate 4D seismic monitoring of CO2 that is to be injected to the deep subsurface. Use of a sparse buried array is designed to improve the repeatability of time-lapse data and to economize the monitoring effort. Prior to the start of CO2 injection, two 3D dynamite seismic surveys were acquired in March 2012 and May 2013 using the permanent array. The objective of acquiring these data was to allow an assessment of the data repeatability and overall performance of the permanent array. A comparison of the raw data from these surveys and with a conventional high-resolution 3D vibroseis survey demonstrated that (1) the signal-to-noise ratio for the buried geophones was increased by 6–7 dB relative to surface-deployed geophones and by an additional 20 dB for dynamite relative to a vibroseis source, (2) the use of buried sensors and sources at this.
Myositis Detection From Muscle Ultrasound Images Using a Proposed YOLO-CSE Model

Myositis is a rare muscle disorder resulting from the immune system’s attack on the muscle cells, leading to muscle weaknesses. A precise and early diagnosis of the illness is crucial for effective treatment. Differentiating among various types of Myositis remains a significant challenge, leading to false diagnoses and delayed treatment for IBM patients, which can cause muscular atrophy. This paper introduces a new Hybrid computer-aided model that can effectively differentiate among various categories: PolyMyositis (PM), DermatoMyositis (DM), and Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM). A novel method for detecting and classifying inflammatory myopathies from ultrasound images based on a modified lightweight YOLOv5 Architecture is proposed named YOLO-CSE. The proposed model utilizes the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to focus on the significant minor extracted features in the image. Moreover, we reuse the extracted features by incorporating the Spatial Pyramid Pooling-Fast Plus (SPPF $^{+}$ ), strengthening the feature extraction capability while providing maximum information flow in the network. Furthermore, the Exponential Linear Unit (ELU) is integrated to activate the function for more accurate results by naming this layer (SPPF $^{+}$ ELU). The performance is tested on large benchmark datasets consisting of 3214 muscle ultrasound images for 80 patients, divided into 14 DermatoMyositis (DM), 14 PolyMyositis (PM), 19 Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM) and 33 Normal patients. Extensive and detailed analysis has been tested on several stages to clarify the role of the CBAM and SPPF Plus modules in our model. Additionally, we analyze the model’s performance through four different suggested classification strategies (binary and multiclass classification). Data Augmentation was proposed to suppress the dataset’s imbalance and boost the model’s performance. Mosaic data augmentation enhanced the dataset by randomly cropping, arranging and scaling images. Various techniques of augmentation were employed, including flipping, cropping, rotating, Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) and Median Blur filters. Experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system. The proposed YOLO-CSE achieved highly acceptable accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Scores for the different strategies. The suggested model achieved an average accuracy for binary and multiclass classification above 98% and average precision above 96%. The results demonstrate that the proposed model accurately detects and classifies inflammatory myopathies.
Atmospheric Aerosol Properties: Formation, Processes and Impacts

Preface, Introduction, Part I Field Observational Experiments -1. Atmospheric Aerosols field exepriment prgaramme. A history of studies - 2. Field observational experiments in America and Western Europe - 3. Field observational experiments in Eurasia and Africa - Part II Formation Processes and Evolution of Aerosol. Cloud Cover - 4. Processes of aerosol formation (nucleation) - 5. Aersol and chemical processes in the atmosphere - 6. Interactions between aerosols and clouds - Part III Numerical Modelling of Aersol Properties and Processes - 7. Optical properties of aerosols and clouds 8. Aerosol long-range transport and deposition - 9. Climatic impacts of atmospheric aerosols.
THE IMPACT OF GROUP FACEBOOK USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON CONSUMER PURCHASE INTENTION – A CASE IN TOURISM INDUSTRY

Consulting social networks has become a common practice for tourists when planning their trips. However, there is a relative scarcity of scientific literature on this topic. The purpose of this study is to test the model of predictors of group Facebook user-generated content on tourists' purchase intention. To accomplish this, online surveys were conducted, gathering data from both tourists and individuals planning to travel. The theory of Planned Behavior and Information Acceptance Model were adapted and empirically examined by using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. Results and findings reveal significant and meaningful relationships between various factors of Facebook user-generated content and tourists' purchase intention. Additionally, the study offers practical suggestions for hospitality management, administrative teams, and Facebook businesses to effectively leverage user-generated content for attracting online tourists.
Circular RNAs are associated with the resistance to Newcastle disease virus infection in duck cells

Introduction Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is prevalent worldwide with an extensive host range. Among birds infected with velogenic NDV strains, chickens experience high pathogenicity and mortality, whereas ducks mostly experience mild symptoms or are asymptomatic. Ducks have a unique, innate immune system hypothesized to induce antiviral responses. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are among the most abundant and conserved eukaryotic transcripts. These participate in innate immunity and host antiviral response progression. Methods In this study, circRNA expression profile differences post-NDV infection in duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cells were analyzed using circRNA transcriptome sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used to reveal significant enrichment of differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction networks were used to predict the related functions of circRNAs. Moreover, circ-FBXW7 was selected to determine its effect on NDV infection in DEFs. Results NDV infection altered circRNA expression profiles in DEF cells, and 57 significantly differentially expressed circRNAs were identified post-NDV infection. DEF responded to NDV by forming circRNAs to regulate apoptosis-, cell growth-, and protein degradation-related pathways via GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction networks demonstrated that DEF cells combat NDV infection by regulating cellular pathways or apoptosis through circRNA-targeted mRNAs and miRNAs. circ-FBXW7 overexpression and knockdown inhibited and promoted viral replication, respectively. DEF cells mainly regulated cell cycle alterations or altered cellular sensing to combat NDV infection. Conclusion These results demonstrate that DEF cells exert antiviral responses by forming circRNAs, providing novel insights into waterfowl antiviral responses.
Characteristics of the convergence zone at the eastern edge of the Pacific warm pool

The characteristics of the convergence zone at the eastern edge of the equatorial Pacific warm pool are studied using a compilation of in‐situ current and salinity measurements during the period 1992–2001. The displacement of the convergence zone is observed, for the first time, as far west as 140°E in the far western Pacific, mainly during La Niña periods, and near 140°W in the central Pacific during the 1997–98 El Niño. The convergence zone may be associated with a salinity front dividing the fresh waters of the warm pool from the salty waters upwelled in the central equatorial Pacific. Despite a zonal displacement ranging over about one fifth of the equatorial circumference of the earth, the characteristics of the main parameters involved in the air‐sea interactions are nearly constant on each side of the convergence zone/salinity front. These results suggest that coupled models used for El Niño research and forecasting should be able to reproduce these important features.
Observations of reactive oxidized nitrogen and speciation of NO y during the PROPHET summer 1998 intensive

Measurements of NO y , NO x , PAN, PPN, MPAN, C 3 -C 5 alkyl nitrates, total isoprene nitrates, HNO 3 , HONO, and aerosol NO 3 - and NO 2 - were made during the summer 1998 intensive of the Program for Research on Oxidants: Photochemistry, Emissions, and Transport (PROPHET). Mixing ratios of NO y , NO x , PAN, PPN, and alkyl nitrates were observed to have a strong dependence on the direction of transport to the site as was expected from the distribution of major urban and industrial sources. A peak in NO x and NO x /NO y during the morning in southerly flow provides evidence for the transport of relatively unprocessed emissions in layers above the nocturnal boundary layer. The difference in PAN and PPN levels between north and south flow directions indicates a net transport of reactive nitrogen to regions farther north. Isoprene nitrates were observed to typically comprise less than 1% of NO y in spite of the dominance of isoprene in local VOC chemistry, although due to the rapid losses of isoprene nitrates through reaction, vertical mixing, and deposition, their role in the processing of NO y may be significant. General agreement was observed between NO y and the sum of the individually measured constituents during ten 24 hour periods, although a linear regression indicates the potential for an interference in the individual measurements and a possible shortfall in NO y . Measurements indicate that HONO may play a larger role in the reactive nitrogen budget than previously expected for a rural site. HONO/NO 2 for a 24 hour period was observed to be 0.09-0.25 and suggests the likelihood of a significant heterogeneous production pathway or pathways.
Evaluation of models for the formation of chaotic terrain on Europa

Chaotic terrain on Europa is interpreted to be the result of the breakup of brittle surface materials over a mobile substrate. Two end-member models have been proposed for the mobile substrate: a liquid water ocean or solid warm ductile ice. Direct contact between the brittle surface ice and an underlying ocean might be accomplished by melting through Europa's ice shell, but plausible sources of thermal energy are insufficient to locally melt through the ice shell. We calculate that a liquid or partially liquid substrate is probably necessary for tilted blocks to be observed, challenging a solid-state model. We propose that a model in which chaos areas on Europa formed over bodies of melt or partial melt within the ice shell may be the best match to observational and thermal constraints. Such bodies of melt within the ice shell may be triggered by warm diapirs of relatively clean ice that partially melted an overlying layer of lower melting temperature, such as ice contaminated with salts.