Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DENGAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

Pengetahuan penderita diabetes sangatlah penting dalam menentukan perilaku yang dapat mengurangi resiko terjadinya komplikasi. Apabila pengetahuan penderita mengenai diabetes baik, maka perilaku penderita terhadap penatalaksanaan punakan baik. Peningkatan perilaku dalam menjalankan pengobatan, diet dan menjalankan gaya hidup sehat sesuai dengan rekomendasi petugas kesehatan. Keberhasilan pengobatan DM sangat bergantung dengan kepatuhan minum obat. Banyak penelitian sebelumnya tentang hubungan antara pengetahun terhadap kepatuhan minum obat menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik, desain cross sectional pada DM tipe II dengan sampel 58 orang dengan menggunakan kuisoner mmas8 dan dkq24 dengan cara menganalisa korelasi sommer’s d. Uji sommer’s d diperoleh nilai p = 0,002 sehingga terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan nilai r = 0,0468 dimana dapat diartikan nilai kekuatan korelasi: korelasi sedang (rentangnya: 0,41 - 0,60) dengan menunjukkan arah korelasi positif.
Dynamics of a conducting drop in a time-periodic electric field

The nonlinear dynamical behaviour of a conducting drop in a time-periodic electric field is studied. Taylor's (1964) theory on the equilibrium shape is extended to derive a dynamical equation in the form of an ordinary differential equation for a conducting drop in an arbitrary time-dependent, uniform electric field based on a spheroidal approximation for the drop shape and the weak viscosity effect. The dynamics is then investigated via the classical two-timing analysis and the Poincaré map analysis of the resulting dynamical equation. The analysis reveals that in the neighbourhood of a stable steady solution, an $O(\epsilon^{\frac{1}{3}})$ time-dependent change of drop shape can be obtained from an O(ε) resonant forcing. It is also shown that the probability of drop breakup via chaotic oscillation can be maximized by choosing an optimal frequency for a fixed forcing amplitude. As a preliminary analysis, the effect of weak viscosity on the oscillation frequency modification in a steady electric field is also studied by using the domain perturbation technique. Differently from other methods based on the theory of viscous dissipation, the viscous pressure correction is directly obtained from a consideration of the perturbed velocity field due to weak viscosity.
Hybrid Security Provision in African Post-colonial Settings: The Cases of Burkina Faso and Sierra Leone

ABSTRACT The Weberian paradigm’s ascription of a legitimate state’s provision of security and justice overlooks the role played by non-state actors in the post-colonial world. Adopting a hybridity framework enables scholars and practitioners to re-centre the focus from a state-centric view of states as fragile or failed to recognise the strength and resilience of alternative socio-political formations of order. Existing evidence on hybrid political orders demonstrates that community resilience and customary institutions should not be perceived as spoilers but understood as assets for constructive engagements between the customary and modern states. The cases of Burkina Faso and Sierra Leone highlight how the complex and interdependent interaction between modern and traditional systems of governance, through a combination of conflict and cooperation, can explain state resilience.
Spatial features observed in the cusp under steady solar wind conditions

[1] Multispacecraft studies using Polar, Fast Auroral Snapshot (FAST), and Interball observations revealed that many cusp structures observed during stable solar wind conditions are spatial features. While individual cusp events appear to be very different from each other, multiple observations of the same cusp event during periods of stable solar wind conditions are remarkably similar. These spatial cusp structures have been interpreted as a result of the independent evolution of ion distributions from multiple reconnection sites (X-lines) in both hemispheres. The location of reconnection sites depends critically on the direction of the interplanetary magnetic field. Thus individual cusp events should have similar cusp structures if they occur in the same magnetic local time sector during comparable solar wind conditions, especially during similar interplanetary magnetic field orientations. Data presented in this paper show just such an effect. For three individual cusp events observed by Polar and FAST, similar stepped ion structures are seen by both satellites passing though these large-scale spatial structures.
Intellectual Profiles of Clinic-Referred Preschoolers

Intellectual impairments in preschoolers have been widely studied. A regularity that emerges is that children’s intellectual impairments have an important impact on later adjustments in life. However, few studies have looked at the intellectual profiles of young psychiatric outpatients. This study aimed to describe the intelligence profile of preschoolers referred to psychiatry for various cognitive and behavioral problems in terms of verbal, nonverbal, and full-scale IQ and to examine their association with diagnoses. Three hundred four clinical records from young children aged under 7 years and 3 months who consulted at an outpatient psychiatric clinic and who had one intellectual assessment with a Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence were reviewed. Verbal IQ (VIQ), Nonverbal IQ (NVIQ), and Full-scale IQ (FSIQ) were extracted. Hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s method was employed to organize data into groups. The children had, on average, a FSIQ of 81, which is significantly lower than that expected in the general population. Four clusters were identified by the hierarchical clusters analysis. Three were characterized by low, average, and high intellectual ability. The last cluster was characterized by a verbal deficit. Findings also revealed that children’s diagnoses were not related to any specific cluster, except for children with an intellectual disability with, as expected, low abilities. Children referred to an intellectual assessment in an early childhood mental health clinic showed an altered intellectual development, more specifically in the verbal domain.
Flux-Velocity Relation for H2 Outflows

We present an analysis of velocity-resolved near-IR molecular hydrogen observations of a variety of protostellar outflows with very different energetics, degrees of collimation, and morphologies. Observations in the 2.12 μm line of H2 were obtained using an IR Fabry-Pérot interferometer with a spectral resolution of 23 km s-1. The integrated flux-velocity diagrams for each outflow show a flat spectrum for low velocities followed by a decreasing power law dF/dv ∝ vγ, with γ between -1.8 and -2.6, for velocities higher than a clearly defined break velocity at 2-17 km s-1. Contrary to shock model predictions, it is shown that the H2 intensity is constant with velocity. We argue that the flux-velocity relation can then be interpreted as a mass-velocity relation, in striking similarity to the power-law mass spectra observed in CO outflows. By comparing H2 and CO mass-velocity spectra, it is shown that there is a velocity regime in which both molecules coexist and produce similar γ-values. Evolution effects in outflows appear as a correlation between outflow length and γ; as outflows age, the spectra becomes steeper. Our results support a common physical origin for both CO and H2 emission and a strong association between the molecular outflows traced in each molecule.
Filtering high-resolution hyperspectral imagery in a maximum noise fraction transform domain using wavelet-based de-striping

Ever improving technology and computer processing power and decreasing cost have made hyperspectral image acquisition and analysis affordable in many applications. Hyperspectral images, acquired normally using pushbroom sensing systems, are tainted with noise and nonperiodic stripes. Few methods, including wavelet-based ones, have been proposed for reducing nonperiodic stripes from multispectral images; there are even fewer studies dealing with nonperiodic stripes in high-resolution hyperspectral images. Applying de-striping filters directly to individual hyperspectral image bands can be computationally inefficient and complicated considering the large number of bands in this type of image. This article compares the performance of wavelet-based de-striping algorithms as applied on high-resolution hyperspectral imagery. The algorithms are implemented directly on individual bands in the image domain and on selected bands in the image maximum noise fraction (MNF) transform domain. Two wavelet-based de-striping algorithms were tested and compared. The first algorithm eliminates wavelet detail components in the striping direction, while the second algorithm adaptively filters these components. The filtering methods are evaluated through visual and quantitative assessments. Quantitative assessment is performed by analysing the autocorrelation coefficient and signal-to-noise-ratio. The results show that images filtered in the MNF domain are superior in reducing stripes and noise while retaining the image information and without introducing distortions. The technique is computationally effective through filtering fewer bands, which reduces the need for filtering parameter determination and fine tuning. Visual and quantitative assessments also show that adaptive filtering of wavelet components is better than eliminating entire components due to the retention of image content.
Numerical evaluation of dyadic diffraction coefficients and bistatic radar cross sections for a perfectly conducting semi-infinite elliptic cone

In this paper, the scattering of electromagnetic waves by a perfectly conducting semi-infinite elliptic cone is treated. The exact solution of this boundary value problem in problem-adapted spheroconal coordinates in the form of a spherical multipole expansion is of poor convergence if both the source point and the field point are far away from the cone's tip. Therefore, an appropriate sequence transformation of these series expansions (we apply the Shanks transformation) is necessary to numerically determine the dyadic diffraction coefficients and bistatic radar cross sections (RCS) for an arbitrary elliptic cone. Our far-field data for an elliptic cone, a circular cone, and a plane angular sector are compared with some other results obtained with the aid of quite different methods.
The application of high-order differencing to the scalar wave equation

The second‐order central difference is often used to approximate the derivatives of the wave equation. It is demonstrated that gains in computational efficiency can be made by using high‐order approximations for these derivatives. A one‐dimensional model is used to illustrate the relative accuracy of O(Δt2,Δx2),O(Δt2,Δx4),O(Δt4,Δx4),andO(Δt4,Δx10) central‐difference schemes. For comparison, O(Δt2)andO(Δt4) pseudospectral schemes are used as an additional measure of performance. The results indicate that O(Δt4,Δx10) differencing can achieve similar accuracy as the O(Δt4) spectral scheme. For practical illustration, a two‐dimensional form of the O(Δt4,Δx10) algorithm is used to compute the exploding reflector response of a salt‐dome model and compared with a fine‐grid O(Δt2,Δx4) result. Transmissive sponge‐like boundary conditions are also examined and shown to be effective.
Uses and Limits of Data and Student Feedback in Pedagogical Response to COVID-19: A Case Study

ABSTRACT This article examines how one political science department used data and student feedback to make pedagogical choices about course modalities and pedagogical approaches during the COVID-19 pandemic. This case demonstrates that gathering data from students through surveys and other means and then utilizing that data in decision making is a valuable practice. However, there are constraints on collecting quality data in a crisis. With a need to react quickly and to gather and analyze data in a timely fashion, data-informed and student-empathetic decision making is a more accurate characterization of the outcomes in this case and a more achievable goal for the future than data-driven and student-centered decision making in a crisis. This study concludes that data-informed and student-empathetic decision making may be preferable in circumstances in which the data are inconclusive or support multiple conclusions as well as when there are conflicting needs and preferences among both faculty members and students.
A Side-by-Side Single Sex Age-Structured Human Population Dynamic Model: Exact Solution and Model Validation

A side-by-side single sex age-structured population dynamic model is presented in this paper. The model consists of two coupled von Foerster-McKendrick-type quasi-linear partial differential equations, two initial conditions, and two boundary conditions. The state variables of the model are male and female population densities. The solutions of these partial differential equations provide explicit time and age dependence of the variables. The initial conditions define the male and female population densities at the initial time, while the boundary conditions compute the male and female births at zero-age by using fertility rates. The assumptions of the nontime-dependence of the death and fertility rates and a specific factorization of the migratory balances allow us to obtain exact solutions for male and female population densities. In addition, the hypotheses about the mathematical structure of the input variables are formulated, and the exact solution of the model is obtained. Next, the model is applied to the case study of Spain for the time period 1996–2004. Model validation demonstrates that this approach is a powerful prediction tool. Code and data are available upon request.
Understanding Drug Resistance of Wild-Type and L38HL Insertion Mutant of HIV-1 C Protease to Saquinavir

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most challenging infectious diseases to treat on a global scale. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of drug resistance is necessary for novel therapeutics. HIV subtype C is known to harbor mutations at critical positions of HIV aspartic protease compared to HIV subtype B, which affects the binding affinity. Recently, a novel double-insertion mutation at codon 38 (L38HL) was characterized in HIV subtype C protease, whose effects on the interaction with protease inhibitors are hitherto unknown. In this study, the potential of L38HL double-insertion in HIV subtype C protease to induce a drug resistance phenotype towards the protease inhibitor, Saquinavir (SQV), was probed using various computational techniques, such as molecular dynamics simulations, binding free energy calculations, local conformational changes and principal component analysis. The results indicate that the L38HL mutation exhibits an increase in flexibility at the hinge and flap regions with a decrease in the binding affinity of SQV in comparison with wild-type HIV protease C. Further, we observed a wide opening at the binding site in the L38HL variant due to an alteration in flap dynamics, leading to a decrease in interactions with the binding site of the mutant protease. It is supported by an altered direction of motion of flap residues in the L38HL variant compared with the wild-type. These results provide deep insights into understanding the potential drug resistance phenotype in infected individuals.
Medium-Earth-Orbit Spaceflight Radiation Effects in Triple Modular System on Programmable Device

This work presents experimental results of medium-Earth-orbit (MEO) spaceflight radiation effects in a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) static random access memory (SRAM)-based field programmable gate array (FPGA) device implementing a case-study digital system design protected with the classical triple modular redundancy (TMR) technique. This UGA/TIMA’s experiment is a part of the NASA/GSFC’s space environment testbeds (SETs) payload launched in the AFRL’s demonstration and science experiments (DSX) spacecraft in June 2019. Results report 69 single-event upset (SEU)-induced failures in the TMR-protected case-study system, moreover total ionizing dose (TID) effects for nearly two years of space mission seem not to contribute to an increment of SEU-induced failures.
Swift/UVOT: 18 Years of Long GRB Discoveries and Advances

The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (Swift) has been in operation for 18 years. The Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) onboard Swift was designed to capture the earliest optical/UV emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), spanning the first few minutes to days after the prompt gamma-ray emission. In this article, we provide an overview of the long GRBs (whose prompt gamma-ray duration is >2 s) observed by the Swift/UVOT, and review the major discoveries that have been achieved by the Swift/UVOT over the last 18 years. We discuss where improvements have been made to our knowledge and understanding of the optical/UV emission, particularly the early optical/UV afterglow.
Critical brain wave dynamics of neuronal avalanches

Analytical expressions for scaling of brain wave spectra derived from the general non-linear wave Hamiltonian form show excellent agreement with experimental “neuronal avalanche” data. The theory of the weakly evanescent non-linear brain wave dynamics reveals the underlying collective processes hidden behind the phenomenological statistical description of the neuronal avalanches and connects together the whole range of brain activity states, from oscillatory wave-like modes, to neuronal avalanches, to incoherent spiking, showing that the neuronal avalanches are just the manifestation of the different non-linear side of wave processes abundant in cortical tissue. In a more broad way these results show that a system of wave modes interacting through all possible combinations of the third order non-linear terms described by a general wave Hamiltonian necessarily produces anharmonic wave modes with temporal and spatial scaling properties that follow scale free power laws. To the best of our knowledge this has never been reported in the physical literature and may be applicable to many physical systems that involve wave processes and not just to neuronal avalanches.
High-frequency diffraction of a line-source field by a half-plane: Solutions by ray techniques

The diffraction of an arbitrary cylindrical wave due to a line source and incident on a half-plane is treated by the uniform asymptotic theory of edge diffraction. For large wavenumber k , an asymptotic solution for the total field up to and including terms of order k^{-3/2} relative to the incident field is derived. This solution is uniformly valid for all observation points, including points near the edge and the shadow boundaries. In particualr, two special cases are considered: A) the line source is located on the half-plane, and radiates an E -polarized wave and B) the line source is located in the aperture complementary to the half-plane and radiates an H -polarized wave. A companion paper will show that our asymptotic solution for Case A) is in complete agreement with the asymptotic expansion of the exact solution. For the same diffraction problem, asymptotic solutions obtained by the method of slope diffraction coefficients and the method of equivalent currents are also discussed. It is found that the latter solutions agree with the exact one only when i) the observation point is away from the edge and the shadow boundaries, and/or ii) the terms of order k^{-3/2} in the field solution are ignored.
Fungi Canadenses No. 351:EPICHLOE ELYMI

Epichloe elymi Schardl & Leuchtm. , Mycologia 91(1): 101. 1999. [MB#627454; MB#450254 Orthographic variant] LECTOTYPE: CUP 64919A (designated here, MBT 10009590): Stromata resulted from experimental mating on Elymus virginicus L. Plant 757 (KY: Fayette County, 6 July 1996, leg. A. Leuchtmann) × culture ATCC 200850 (from E. virginicus plant 184, MO: Adair County, 7 May 1991, leg. T. Bultman). The mating experiment was conducted by C. L. Schardl in USA, Kentucky, Fayette County, 1997.
Optical forces on arbitrary shaped particles in optical tweezers

Discrete dipole approximation (DDA) method is an efficient method for computing electromagnetic (EM) field of nanometer/micrometer-sized dielectric particles with arbitrary geometric shape and topology. In this work we employ the DDA method to calculate the optical force of dielectric shaped particles embedded in optical tweezers made from focused Gaussian laser beams. The EM force is calculated based on the self-consistent solution of EM field distribution and discrete dipole moment distribution within the particles. The DDA method agrees well with the Mie theory for spherical dielectric particles and this supports the effectiveness of the DDA method in handling optical forces in optical tweezers. The optical force for shaped particles such as cubes, rectangles, cylinders, and core-shell composite particles shows many interesting features. The force strongly depends on the orientation of the particle with respect to the laser beam propagation and polarization direction and the aspect ratio of the anisotr.
THE NUCLEAR TORUS IN THE ACTIVE GALAXY NGC 1068

We present near-infrared polarized images of the active galaxy NGC 1068. At these wavelengths, the counter-cone is observed in scattered light. At H (1.64 ~m) we detect an absorption band across the counter-cone, which we interpret as absorption owing to the postulated torus. From a geometrical analysis we calculate that the torus is at a position angle of 32° ± 3° on the plane of the sky, at an inclination to the line of sight (defined with respect to the polar axis) of 42°±4°, with a physical diameter greater than 200 pc. These figures are consistent with those derived from our models for the scattering of nuclear radiation and for the far-infrared emission from the torus.
Compensated Compactness and Paracommutators

The paper provides a new look at compensated compactness and paracommutators. It is shown that there is a one‐to‐one correspondence between compensated quantities and paracommutators, that the H1‐regularity of compensated quantities is equivalent to bounded mean oscillation boundedness of paracommutators, that the weak convergence of compensated quantities is equivalent to vanishing mean oscillation compactness of paracommutators, that the Schatten–von Neumann Sp‐property is a natural generalization of vanishing mean oscillation compactness, that the theory of paracommutators provides a ready‐made tool for Sp‐regularity of compensated quantities, and that the cut‐off phenomenon of paracommutators exactly coincides with the vanishing moment properties of the compensated quantities. Some further examples are given.
Sound Velocities in Polymer Blends and the Compatibility

The longitudinal and transverse sound velocities in polymer blends of polyvinylchloride with polystyrene or polymethylmethacrylate were measured as a function of the polyvinylchloride content. The relationship between the sound velocity and composition deviated slightly from linearity. The shear, bulk, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio were evaluated from the sound velocities and density. These elastic properties changed monotonically with an increasing content of polyvinylchloride. Young's modulus of polymer blends was analyzed on the basis of compatible and incompatible models. The compatibility of the polymer blends was discussed on the basic of the sound velocity measurement, thermal analysis, dynamic thermomechanical analysis and acoustic micrography.