Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TOWARDS A TYPOLOGY FOR UNDERSTANDING MOBILE PHONE VICTIMISATION IN SOUTH AFRICAN HIGH SCHOOLS

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF ACRONYMS . vii LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background and Problem Statement . 1 1.2 Research Questions and Research Objectives . 4 1.3 Importance of research . 5 1.4 Limitations of the study . 5 1.5 Dissertation Overview . 6 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW . 7 2.1 Bullying, Cyberbullying and Mobile Bullying . 7 2.2 Victimisation . 12 2.3 Theories of Victimization . 13 2.4 Victim Typologies . 17 2.5 Development of a Mobile Victimisation Typology . 23 2.6 Summary of Literature Review . 30 2.7 Research Propositions . 30 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY . 33 3.
Woman Into The Wild: Female Thru-Hikers and Pilgrimage on the Appalachian and Pacific Crest Trails

3 Introduction 4 Chapter 1: Research Process 9 Chapter 2: Motivating Factors 34 Chapter 3: Liminal Establishment and Identity 40 Chapter 4: Communitas 56 Chapter 5: Tourism 66 Chapter 6: Spirituality 73 Chapter 7: No Rain No Rainbow 79 Chapter 8: After 90 Conclusion 102 Bibliography 104
Best Practices for Body Temperature Measurement with Infrared Thermography: External Factors Affecting Accuracy

Infrared thermographs (IRTs) are commonly used during disease pandemics to screen individuals with elevated body temperature (EBT). To address the limited research on external factors affecting IRT accuracy, we conducted benchtop measurements and computer simulations with two IRTs, with or without an external temperature reference source (ETRS) for temperature compensation. The combination of an IRT and an ETRS forms a screening thermograph (ST). We investigated the effects of viewing angle (θ, 0–75°), ETRS set temperature (TETRS, 30–40 °C), ambient temperature (Tatm, 18–32 °C), relative humidity (RH, 15–80%), and working distance (d, 0.4–2.8 m). We discovered that STs exhibited higher accuracy compared to IRTs alone. Across the tested ranges of Tatm and RH, both IRTs exhibited absolute measurement errors of less than 0.97 °C, while both STs maintained absolute measurement errors of less than 0.12 °C. The optimal TETRS for EBT detection was 36–37 °C. When θ was below 30°, the two STs underestimated calibration source (CS) temperature (TCS) of less than 0.05 °C. The computer simulations showed absolute temperature differences of up to 0.28 °C and 0.04 °C between estimated and theoretical temperatures for IRTs and STs, respectively, considering d of 0.2–3.0 m, Tatm of 15–35 °C, and RH of 5–95%. The results highlight the importance of precise calibration and environmental control for reliable temperature readings and suggest proper ranges for these factors, aiming to enhance current standard documents and best practice guidelines. These insights enhance our understanding of IRT performance and their sensitivity to various factors, thereby facilitating the development of best practices for accurate EBT measurement.
The Effect of Profitability, Good Corporate Governance, and Environmental Disclosure on Firm Value in Mining Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange

The purpose of this research is to examine and analyze the influence of profitability, good corporate governance, and environmental disclosure on the firm value of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research method utilized is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The study population encompasses all mining companies registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) within the period from 2019 to 2022. In this study, a non-probability sampling technique was employed, specifically purposive sampling, resulting in a sample size of 72 from a span of 18 companies over 4 years. The variables under scrutiny include Return on Assets (ROA) as a measure of profitability, the proportion of independent board commissioners as an indicator of good corporate governance, the number of GRI disclosures as an indicator of environmental disclosure, and Tobin’s Q as a gauge of firm value. The analytical methodology and hypothesis testing were carried out using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method with SmartPLS 3.2. 9 software. The PLS analysis consists of three stages: Outer Model, Inner Model, and Hypothesis Testing. The hypothesis testing results show that profitability has a significant impact on firm value, while good corporate governance and environmental disclosure do not exhibit a significant influence on firm value. These findings contribute to the understanding of how these factors interplay within the mining sector. However, this study has several limitations, including the variables used, the company's disclosures, and the limited period. Subsequent research can address these limitations and delve deeper into exploring the relationships of these variables or other variables with firm value.
Targeted Delivery of Chimeric Antigen Receptor into T Cells via CRISPR-Mediated Homology-Directed Repair with a Dual-AAV6 Transduction System

CAR-T cell therapy involves genetically engineering T cells to recognize and attack tumour cells by adding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to their surface. In this study, we have used dual transduction with AAV serotype 6 (AAV6) to integrate an anti-CD19 CAR into human T cells at a known genomic location. The first viral vector expresses the Cas9 endonuclease and a guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the T cell receptor alpha constant locus, while the second vector carries the DNA template for homology-mediated CAR insertion. We evaluated three gRNA candidates and determined their efficiency in generating indels. The AAV6 successfully delivered the CRISPR/Cas9 machinery in vitro, and molecular analysis of the dual transduction showed the integration of the CAR transgene into the desired location. In contrast to the random integration methods typically used to generate CAR-T cells, targeted integration into a known genomic locus can potentially lower the risk of insertional mutagenesis and provide more stable levels of CAR expression. Critically, this method also results in the knockout of the endogenous T cell receptor, allowing target cells to be derived from allogeneic donors. This raises the exciting possibility of “off-the-shelf” universal immunotherapies that would greatly simplify the production and administration of CAR-T cells.
Can Confidence Come Too Soon? 1 Running Head: CAN CONFIDENCE COME TOO SOON? Can Confidence Come Too Soon?: Collective Efficacy, Conflict and Group Performance Over Time

Groups with a strong sense of collective efficacy set more challenging goals, persist in the face of difficulty, and are ultimately more likely to succeed than groups who do not share this belief. Given the many advantages that may accrue to groups who are confident, it would be logical to advise groups to build a high level of collective efficacy as early as possible. However, we draw on Whyte’s (1998) theory of collective efficacy and groupthink, to predict that when confidence emerges at a high level toward the beginning of a group’s existence, group members may be less likely to engage in process conflict; a form of conflict that may be beneficial in the early phase of a group project. We found support for this prediction in two longitudinal studies of classroom project teams.
Prevalence and risk factors of post-cholecystectomy surgical site infections

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to measure the prevalence of post-cholecystectomy surgical site infection and identify the associated risk factors and their association with its prevalence. Method: A cross-sectional analytical study including all patients who underwent cholecystectomy in the period from January 2021 to March 2022. The data sheet was filled with records of the patients, and some questions were asked of the patients directly. Many risk factors were assessed and measured in their association with the development of postoperative SSI. Results: One hundred seventy-two patients with a mean age of 46.41±13.37 participated in the study. Thirty-five (20.3%) of them were males, and 137 (79.7%) were females. Open cholecystectomy 121 (70.3%) was done more than laparoscopic cholecystectomy 51 (29.7%). The most common indication for cholecystectomy was found to be both cholecystitis and cholelithiasis (53.5%). Out of 172 patients, postoperative wound infection [surgical site infection (SSI)] developed in 29 (16.9%) patients. Of these, 8 (27.6%) were males, while 21 (72.4%) were females, with a mean age of 46.38 (SD=14.12) years. Prophylactic antibiotics intraoperatively and therapeutic antibiotics postoperatively were found to decrease the risk of developing SSI [P=0.005, odds ratio (OR)=0.073] (P=0.012, OR=0.153), respectively. However, hospital stay after surgery (<1 week) was also found to decrease the risk (P=0.001, OR=0.179). Conclusions: The prevalence of post-cholecystectomy SSI is high despite a small sample size in comparison with other studies. Prophylactic antibiotics and short hospital stays have an important role in decreasing the risk of developing postoperative SSI.
Geometric engineering of viscous magnetotransport in a two-dimensional electron system

In this study, we present our experimental investigation on the magnetotransport properties of a two-dimensional electron system in GaAs quantum wells utilizing a variety of device geometries, including obstacles with thin barriers and periodic width variations. Our primary focus is to explore the impact of these geometries on the electron viscous flow parameters, enabling precise manipulation of hydrodynamic effects under controlled conditions. Through an analysis of the large negative magnetoresistivity and zero field resistivity, we deduce the scattering times for electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions, as well as the effective channel width. Our findings confirm that the system under investigation serves as a tunable experimental platform for investigating hydrodynamic transport regimes at temperatures above 10 K.
Stem taper models for Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Wight & Arn. in agroforestry plantations of the Northern range of Puebla State.

Acrocarpus fraxinifolius or pink cedar was introduced in 1992 to the Northern region of Puebla State in small areas as shade tree in coffee plantations. The area with this species is near 1,630 ha, which soon will be ready for harvesting. However, there is not technical information that helps with the forest management of the plantations to predict the individual tree volume and stand volume to be removed during thinning or final cuts. Therefore, the objective of this work was to develop a stem taper model for pink cedar of the agroforestry plantations in the Northern mountain region of Puebla. Twelve stem taper models were fitted to diameter-height data from 130 destructively sampled trees and six fit statistics were used for ranking the taper models. Based on the ranking value, the best six models were selected to carry out further analysis for multicollinearity, effect of autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity. The model of Thomas and Parresol was selected as the most suitable to describe the experimental data of pink cedar, because it did not show problems of multicollinearity, as indicated by the index value condition. In addition, the statistical procedure of weighted regression was applied to this model in order to account for heteroscedasticity, which improved the predictive capacity of the model. The weighted model is therefore recommended for the estimation of diameter at different height, merchantable and total volume of pink cedar stems for agroforestry plantations in the region of study.
Atmospheric Moisture Budget Estimtes of Rgional Evapotranspiration from RES-91

An open magnet useful in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. The magnet has two spaced-apart assemblies. Each assembly has a shielding coil located longitudinally outward from a main coil, a magnetizable member not carrying an electric current and spaced apart from and proximate the main and shielding coils, and a magnetizable pole piece spaced apart from the magnetizable member: The method of the invention generates a magnetic field in a first area between the two assemblies while shielding a second area not between the two assemblies from a stray magnetic field by creating the previously-described open magnet.
Workshop on breeding for Striga resistance in cereals

The phanerogamous root parasite Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. causes major yield reductions in the principal cereal crops of semi-arid Africa. A workshop on breeding for Striga resistance in cereals was held at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (1 IT A) in I badan. Nigeria, from 18 to 20August 1999. The meeting was organized by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-A rid Tropics (ICRISAT}. I IT A, the University of Hohenheim. Eberhard-Karls University of Tubingen, and the Rockefeller Foundation. Funding was provided by the Bundesministerium fur wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit (BMZ), Germany, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). The 56 participants comprised 26 cereal breeders or weed specialists from national agricultural research systems (NARS) of 17 African countries, and 30 scientists or representatives from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Centre de cooperation internationale en recherche agronomique pour le developpement (CIRAD), ICRISAT, IITA. John Innes Centre (JIC), the Natural Resources Institute (NRI). Pan African Striga Control Network (PASCON), ProAgro Seed Company, the Rockefeller Foundation, Cornell University, University of Hohenheim, Purdue University, University of Sheffield. University of Tubingen, West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA), and the Weizmann Institute of Science.
Population Firm Interaction and the Dynamics of Assimilation Gap

The paper shows that the interaction between population and firm knowledge produces a non-monotonic change in the assimilation gap. The assimilation gap follows a convex curve experiencing an upward slope driven by imitation and the downward slope by knowledge spillovers. Changes in the characteristics of innovation shift its peak across time. The relative advantage and compatibility shift the peak towards the left and the complexity shifts it to the right. The model is tested in a simulated environment and offers insights into the differences in temporal trajectories of the various adopter groups.
Potential associations between behavior change techniques and engagement with mobile health apps: a systematic review

Introduction Lack of engagement is a common challenge for digital health interventions. To achieve their potential, it is necessary to understand how best to support users’ engagement with interventions and target health behaviors. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the behavioral theories and behavior change techniques being incorporated into mobile health apps and how they are associated with the different components of engagement. Methods The review was structured using the PRISMA and PICOS frameworks and searched six databases in July 2022: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, APA PsycArticles, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias 2 and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools. Analysis A descriptive analysis provided an overview of study and app characteristics and evidence for potential associations between Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) and engagement was examined. Results The final analysis included 28 studies. Six BCTs were repeatedly associated with user engagement: goal setting, self-monitoring of behavior, feedback on behavior, prompts/cues, rewards, and social support. There was insufficient data reported to examine associations with specific components of engagement, but the analysis indicated that the different components were being captured by various measures. Conclusion This review provides further evidence supporting the use of common BCTs in mobile health apps. To enable developers to leverage BCTs and other app features to optimize engagement in specific contexts and individual characteristics, we need a better understanding of how BCTs are associated with different components of engagement. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022312596.
Validation of the illustrated questionnaire on food consumption for Brazilian schoolchildren (QUACEB) for 6- to 10-year-old children

Introduction Evaluating the food consumption of school-aged children is crucial to monitor their dietary habits, promote targeted interventions, and contribute public policies that aimed healthy eating. In this context, our objective was to develop and validate the Illustrated Questionnaire on Food Consumption for Brazilian Schoolchildren (QUACEB) of 6 to 10 years old, which is a self-reported illustrated recall. Methods Validity was obtained in four stages as follows: selection of foods, validation of items, validation of illustrations, and pretest. Foods were selected by considering the data from the main surveys that have been conducted with the Brazilian population and schoolchildren in recent years, the degree of food processing, and the main foods from each of the country's five macroregions. The content of the items was validated by comparing the children's and their parent's responses. For this, the questionnaire was published in an online format, and 6- to 10-year-old elementary schoolchildren were recruited using the snowball technique. The first part of the questionnaire was answered by the parent after the child's lunch, and the second was completed by the child the following day. Thirty-two parent and child dyads participated. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), and kappa (k) tests were performed. Results Of the 30 foods presented on the questionnaire, 15 were reported as consumed. High sensitivity (mean of 88.5%), high specificity (average of 92.0%), substantial agreement (k = 0.78), low disagreement (6.2%), and AUC of 0.90 were found. The illustrations were validated in a focus group with fourth-grade children from a school chosen for convenience. The food illustrations were designed for children, who were asked to name the food. Eighteen children participated and verified that the images were representative of the foods. In the pretest, three schools were chosen for convenience that announced the link to the online questionnaire in WhatsApp groups of parents with students from first to fifth grade. Fifteen children answered the questionnaire and 86.7% (n = 13) judged it excellent or good. Conclusion Thus, the food consumption questionnaire is valid for elementary schoolchildren of 6 to 10 years old and can be applied in research to assess the dietary patterns of children in Brazil.
Effects of Resistance Exercise on Older Individuals with Sarcopenia: Sex Differences in Humans

Sarcopenia affects tens of millions of adults worldwide, with a reported prevalence of 10-50% among older adults. A decrease in muscle strength and function due to aging reduces physical performance, causing pain and disease. Accordingly, interest in the treatment or prevention of sarcopenia through resistance exercises, which have been found to be effective in improving muscle strength and hypertrophy, is increasing. However, given the individual differences, it is difficult to determine the optimal RE method. Currently, the importance of personalized resistance exercise (RE) prescriptions is emphasized, and research on sex/gender differences needs to be conducted. Our review focused on the effects of resistance exercise on muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy, and muscle function in older adults in relation to sex differences. In this review, we aimed to analyze sex differences in the effect of RE on older adults with sarcopenia and provide meaningful information for future research on exercise programs for individuals with sarcopenia.
THE EFFECT OF ANCHORED LARGE WOODY DEBRIS ON BEACH MORPHOLOGY: A PHYSICAL MODEL STUDY

As the demand for nature-based coastal protection methods increases globally, there remains a stringent need to develop evidence-based design guidance for many of these methods and techniques. Anchored Large Woody Debris (LWD) has been used as an economical method of coastal protection for several decades and has, more recently, gained notoriety as a nature-based approach. Existing design guidance, however, is both limited and not significantly rooted in academic research. This paper presents results from the first experimental study related to coastal protection using LWD. Gravel beach response to various LWD configurations were tested at a large scale based on site characteristics and LWD design characteristics made by the authors during the previous field investigation phase of this research project. Tests were also conducted to assess experiment repeatability, sensitivity to test duration, sensitivity to wave height, wave period, and relative water level, and influence of log roughness. The LWD placement elevation relative to the still water level was found to be strongly linked to the beach morphological response and a theoretical relationship was developed between LWD elevation and sediment volume change. LWD design configurations which included LWD below the still water level, such as the Benched configuration, were found to be most effective at stabilizing the beach profile. To realize potential benefits of coastal protection using LWD, significant additional research is needed on the topic, including studies focused on how to best anchor LWD structures and a wider variety of parameters (hydrodynamic conditions and placement techniques).
Top-k sequence pattern mining with non-overlapping condition

Pattern mining has been widely applied in many fields. Users often mine a large number of patterns. However, most of these are difficult to apply in real applications. Top-k pattern mining, which involves finding the most frequent k patterns, is an effective strategy, because the more frequently a pattern occurs, the more likely they are to be important for users. However, top-k mining can only mine short patterns in mining applications with the Apriori property. It is well-known that short patterns contain less information than long patterns. In this paper, we focus on mining top-k sequence patterns of each pattern length. We propose an effective algorithm, named NOSTOPK (non-overlapping sequence pattern mining for top-k). The algorithm calculates the support of a pattern using a Nettree data structure, which has been introduced to tackle various types of pattern matching and sequence pattern mining issues. We find the top k patterns of length len, and calculate the supports of the corresponding k× |Σ| super-patterns of length len + 1 to discover the new top k super-patterns with len + 1. Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm achieves a better performance than comparable algorithms.