Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

PONV still remains a problem, despite an evident clinical perception that its severity has diminished. Patients who have past history of vomiting, now simply experience nausea. However for many patients, persistent nausea may be more distressing than a single vomit. Several factors may account for perceived decrease in severity of PONV viz. an increase in day care surgery where opioids are been avoided, wide spread use of propofol, an I.V. anaesthetic with antiemetic property, the greater awareness of risk of PONV and a lower threshold to start its prophylaxis. Further fast progress must be made towards eradicating the occurrence of PONV. A product or method that merely provides ‘statistical significance’ over placebo is just insufficient. As a first step, studies should be directed towards patients with a quantified risk of PONV. This should be followed by an exploration of the efficacy of multiple antiemetic regimens in susceptible individuals. It is clear that, as yet there is no magic bullet for the complete control or treatment of PONV. Once the efficacy of agents or their combination have been established against stratified risk groups, it would then be appropriate to explore the risk benefit of routine prophylactic antiemetic therapy. Keyword : Post operative, Nausea and Vomiting.
The socio-economic gradient in health: a never-ending story

This systematic review, in which 12 original research papers and meta-analyses were included, explored whether patients’ socio-economic status influences doctor–patient communication. Results show that patients from lower social classes receive less positive socio-emotional utterances and a more directive and less participatory consulting style, characterised by significantly less information giving, less directions and less socio-emotional and partnership building utterances from their doctor. Doctors’ communicative style is influenced by the way patients communicate: patients from higher social classes communicate more actively and show more affective expressiveness, eliciting more information from their doctor. Patients from lower social classes are often disadvantaged because of the doctor’s misperception of their desire and need for information and their ability to take part in the care process. A more effective communication could be established by both doctors and patients through doctors’ awareness of the contextual communicative differences and empowering patients to express concerns and preferences. © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Traditional healers boost primary health care.

The sun was relentless. So were the dozens of faces stubbornly waiting to enter the tiny thatched hut in Zimbabwe where Nhamburo Masango a traditional healer sat among herbs bones and other remedies. An old man in front of me had a skin rash another person a swollen leg and somewhere a child complained of stomachache. No one it seemed was discouraged by the long winding queue. For many poor Zimbabweans there is nowhere else to go. Traditional healers are often the first and last line of defense against the most contagious and debilitating diseases that plague their lives. Although Western medicine is generally accepted throughout Africa it has not replaced but rather augmented indigenous health approaches. Practitioners such as Mr. Masango remain central to the lives of many. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 80 per cent of people in Africa regularly seek their services. (excerpt)
Quality and Cost Outcomes of Clinical Pharmacist Interventions in a Capitated Senior Drug Benefit Plan

previously published in Pharmacotherapy, Volume 20, Number 3, 2000 (A161) *Copyright© 2002 Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, Inc. All rights reserved. Authors The geriatric population represents a significant challenge to the health care professional. Elderly patients are commonly faced with many concurrent conditions requiring pharmacological treatment. Having multiple medical disorders also leads elderly patients to multiple providers, which can further complicate care, despite the conscientious approach of primary care physicians to managing this population. Multiple conditions often result in polypharmacy and medication “misadventures. ” Currently, there is no universally accepted definition for the term “polypharmacy. ” Many investigators define polypharmacy a priori as exceeding a certain number of medications. For the purposes of this investigation, polypharmacy is the concern that a patient is receiving medications that carry a risk that is greater than their potential benefit. The term “medication misadventure” has been defined as an iatrogenic hazard or incident: that is an inherent risk when medication therapy is indicated; that is created through either omission or commission by the administration of a medicine or medicines by which a patient may be harmed (with effects ranging from mild discomfort to fatality), whose outcome may or may not be independent of the pre-existing pathology or disease process, that may be attributable to error (human, system, or both), immunologic response, or idiosyncratic response; and that is always unexpected or undesirable to the patient and health professional. Medication misadventures have been estimated to cost the U.S. health care system $76 billion annually in the ambulatory setting. A more recent study indicates that the cost of drug-related morbidity and mortality by Nella Bieszk, Vinay Bhargava, Tony Pettita, Nancy Whitelaw, and
Investigation of Structural Phase Transition of PbS

The high-pressure structural phase transition of semiconductor PbS has been investigated, using the three body potential (TBP) model. Phase transition pressures are associated with a sudden collapse in volume. The phase transition pressures and related volume collapses obtained from this model show a generally good agreement with available results. Moreover, the elastic properties of PbS are also investigated.
Causative factors in whiplash injury: implications for current seat and head restraint design

A sample of 174 road accident victims suffering from Whiplash Associated Disorder were studied over a two year period. The vehicles they had been travelling in were examined to assess the impact severity and, where possible, measurements were made of seat and head restraint adjustment with the subject sitting in the vehicle. Each subject was interviewed to assess the disability resulting from their injuries, and their progress was followed up for twelve months. Women suffered significantly greater disability than men, but there was no correlation with occupant age, height or weight. The benefit of having a head restraint fitted could not be consistently demonstrated. The overall sample also showed no correlation between disability and vertical restraint adjustment, awareness of impending impact or impact speed. Comparison of impact directions produced inconsistent results. Horizontal distance from head to restraint had no effect on initial disability scores but, for long-term outcome, small horizontal distance was significantly associated with higher disability, contrary to the received wisdom. A significant proportion of the sample had suffered lumbar strain injury in addition to whiplash, but segregation of the sample by lumbar injury status failed to give a clearer picture. Seat back angle had a significant effect on the lumbar injury cases, but was not important for non-lumbar cases. It is concluded that variations in restraint, seat and vehicle structural design are likely to have swamped the expected variations due to individual restraint adjustment. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD E102121.
The pattern of the age at natural menopause in Damghan

Introduction: Based on WHO, menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from the loss of ovarian follicular activity which is recognized to have occurred after 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea, for which there is no other obvious pathological or physiological cause. It is the beginning of a phase of women's' life with somatic and metabolic changes which leads to decrease in quality of life, osteoporosis and heart diseases. Because of increasing the number of women experiencing post-menopausal life, studying the pattern of age in onset of menopause seems necessary. In this paper the pattern of age at menopause in Damghan was studied. Material & Methods: A total 635 women, 30 years or older, were selected at random using a cluster sampling method and interviewed to fill out a questionnaire. Since the object of the study was determination of the pattern of age at natural menopause, some cases with abnormal, operative and so on, were ignored and finally 614 women were enrolled in the study and the pattern of the age at menopause was estimated for them using prevalence of menopause in each age group. Results: The mean and median age of natural menopause were 52.7± 4.5 and 52.4, respectively. Increasing of menopause was slow from age 30 to 43, but its speed increased until 55 years old, next decrease slowly. Conclusion: compared to the other regions of Iran, the mean age of natural menopause in Damghan seems greater. Keywords: Age at natural menopause, pattern, prevalence, cross-sectional study, Damghan.
Extreme Gas Kinematics in the z = 2.2 Powerful Radio Galaxy MRC 1138–262: Evidence for Efficient Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback in the Early Universe?

To explain the properties of the most massive low-redshift galaxies and the shape of their mass function, recent models of galaxy evolution include strong AGN feedback to complement starburst-driven feedback in massive galaxies. Using the near-infrared integral-field spectrograph SPIFFI on the VLT, we searched for direct evidence for such feedback in the optical emission line gas around the z = 2.16 powerful radio galaxy MRC 1138-262, likely a massive galaxy in formation. The kiloparsec-scale kinematics, with FWHMs and relative velocities ≲2400 km s-1 and nearly spherical spatial distribution, do not resemble large-scale gravitational motion or starburst-driven winds. Order-of-magnitude timescale and energy arguments favor the AGN as the only plausible candidate to accelerate the gas, with a total energy injection of a few ×1060 ergs or more, necessary to power the outflow, and relatively efficient coupling between radio jet and ISM. Observed outflow properties are in gross agreement with the models and suggest that AGN winds might have a cosmological significance that is similar to, or perhaps larger than, starburst-driven winds if MRC 1138-262 is indeed archetypal. Moreover, the outflow has the potential to remove significant gas fractions (≲50%) from a >L* galaxy within a few tens to 100 Myr, fast enough to preserve the observed [α/Fe] overabundance in massive galaxies at low redshift. Using simple arguments, it appears that feedback like that observed in MRC 1138-262 may have sufficient energy to inhibit material from infalling into the dark matter halo and thus regulate galaxy growth as required in some recent models of hierarchical structure formation.
A study of utilization of Integrated Child Development Services(ICDS) scheme and beneficiaries-satisfaction in rural area of Gulbarga district

The study was aimed to obtain a feed-back regarding beneficiaries-satisfaction and utilization of services by registered beneficiaries of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) in Rural area. The crosssectional study was conducted in 15 Anganwadi Centers (AWCs) from 15-01-2009 to 16-04-2009. There were 3958 beneficiaries. They were categorised into five groups. Group I - Pregnant Women, Group II - Lactating Women, Group III - Women in Reproductive age-group i.e. 15-45 years, Group IV- Mothers/ Guradians of 0-3 years children, Group V - Mothers / Guardian of 3-6 years. Five beneficiaries from each group were randomly selected. Thus from each anganwadi centre 25 beneficiaries were selected. Total 375 beneficiaries from 15 AWCs constituted the study population. Beneficiary satisfaction and utilization of services were assesed by interview, verification of records, logistic supply and infrastructure. Study revealed that utilization of ICDS scheme was high in pregnant women (90.83%). All children between 03 years were getting Vitamin-A supplimentation. Beneficiary satisfaction was high (81.11%) among 15-45 years women. All AWCs were of “pucca” type, but electricity supply was available only in 20 % AWCs. Sanitary toilet were present in 46.66 % AWCs and 93.33% AWCs were in receipt of receiving logistic supply on a regular has is regularly. To improve quality of ICDS scheme one needs to strengthen the ‘Information, Education and Communication’ (IEC) activities.
LE CARCINOME HEPATOCELLULAIRE ASPECTS ANATOMO-PATHOLOGIQUES A PROPOS DE 108 CAS

L’ h é p at o c a rcinome représente la tumeur hépat i q u e p ri m i t ive la plus fréquente, et son incidence ne cesse d ’ a u g m e n t e r. Il est associé à la cirrhose dans plus de 80 % des cas. Les performances diagnostiques actuelles ont permis la détection de lésions de plus en plus petites, imposant ainsi à l’anat o m o p at h o l ogiste une bonne connaissance des lésions précancéreuses. Une étude anat o m o p at h o l ogique a été réalisée sur 108 cas d’hépato-carcinomes colligés entre janvier 1992 et décembre 1997 à l’hôpital Ibn Sina. Les aspects histo-pat h o l ogiques et pronostiques sero n t discutés à travers cette série, et à la lumière des données de la littérature.
Direct Photons at RHIC

A brief overview of direct-photon measurements in p+p and Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV with the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is given. Direct-photon yields for pT > 4 GeV/c and photon-hadron azimuthal correlations were determined with the aid of an electromagnetic calorimeter. By detecting e+e- pairs from the internal conversion of virtual photons direct-photon yields were measured between 1 < pT < 4 GeV/c. In Au+Au collisions thermal photons from a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) are expected to contribute significantly to the total direct-photon yield in this range.
Measurement of event-plane correlations in √ s NN = 2 . 76 TeV lead-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of event-plane correlations involving two or three event planes of different order is presented as a function of centrality for 7 μ b − 1 Pb + Pb collision data at √ s NN = 2 . 76 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Fourteen correlators are measured using a standard event-plane method and a scalar-product method, and the latter method is found to give a systematically larger correlation signal. Several different trends in the centrality dependence of these correlators are observed. These trends are not reproduced by predictions based on the Glauber model, which includes only the correlations from the collision geometry in the initial state. Calculations that include the ﬁnal-state collective dynamics are able to describe qualitatively, and in some cases also quantitatively, the centrality dependence of the measured correlators. These observations suggest that both the ﬂuctuations in the initial geometry and the nonlinear mixing between different harmonics in the ﬁnal state are important for creating these correlations in momentum space.
Measurements of jet multiplicity and differential production cross sections of Z + jets events in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements of differential cross sections are presented for the production of a Z boson and at least one hadronic jet in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV, recorded by the CMS detector, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb^(−1). The jet multiplicity distribution is measured for up to six jets. The differential cross sections are measured as a function of jet transverse momentum and pseudorapidity for the four highest transverse momentum jets. The distribution of the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta is also measured as a function of the jet multiplicity. The measurements are compared with theoretical predictions at leading and next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD.
The Polyakov Loop and the Eigenvalues of the Dirac Operator

Aiming at the link between confinement and chiral symmetry the Polyakov loop represented as a spectral sum of eigenvalues of the Dirac operator was subject of recent studies. We analyze the volume dependence as well as the continuum behavior of this quantity for quenched QCD using staggered fermions. Furthermore, we present first results using dynamical configurations.
Damped Lyα Systems at z < 1.65: The Expanded Sloan Digital Sky Survey Hubble Space Telescope Sample

We present results of our Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 11 survey for low-redshift (z < 1.65) damped Lyα (DLA) systems in the UV spectra of quasars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Early Data Release. These quasars have strong intervening Mg II-Fe II systems that are known signatures of high column density neutral gas. In total, including our previous surveys, UV observations of Lyα absorption in 197 Mg II systems with z < 1.65 and rest equivalent width (REW) W ≥ 0.3 Å have now been obtained. The main results are as follows: (1) The success rate of identifying DLAs in a Mg II sample with W ≥ 0.5 Å and Fe II W ≥ 0.5 Å is 36% ± 6% and increases to 42% ± 7% for systems with W/W < 2 and Mg I W > 0.1 Å. (2) The mean H I column density of Mg II systems with 0.3 Å ≤ W < 0.6 Å is = (9.7 ± 2.2) × 1018 cm-2. For the larger REW systems in our sample, = (3.5 ± 0.7) × 1020 cm-2. (3) The DLA incidence per unit redshift for 0 < z < 5 is nDLA(z) = n0(1 + z)γ, where n0 = 0.044 ± 0.005 and γ = 1.27 ± 0.11. This parameterization is consistent with no evolution for z ≲ 2 (ΩΛ = 0.7, ΩM = 0.3) but exhibits significant evolution for z ≳ 2. (4) The cosmological neutral gas mass density due to DLAs is constant in the redshift interval 0.5 < z < 5.0 to within the uncertainties, ΩDLA ≈ 1 × 10-3. This is larger than Ωgas(z = 0) by a factor of ≈2. (5) The slope of the H I column density distribution does not change significantly with redshift. However, the low-redshift distribution is marginally flatter due to the higher fraction of high column density systems in our sample. (6) Finally, using the precision of Mg II survey statistics, we show that under the assumption of constant DLA fraction and H I column density suggested by our current sample, there may be evidence of a decreasing ΩDLA from z = 0.5 to 0.
Validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the Work Ability Index questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Portuguese language version of a work ability index. METHODS Cross sectional survey of a sample of 475 workers from an electrical company in the state of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil (spread across ten municipalities in the Campinas area), carried out in 2005. The following aspects of the Brazilian version of the Work Ability Index were evaluated: construct validity, using factorial exploratory analysis, and discriminant capacity, by comparing mean Work Ability Index scores in two groups with different absenteeism levels; criterion validity, by determining the correlation between self-reported health and Work Ability Index score; and reliability, using Cronbach's alpha to determine the internal consistency of the questionnaire. RESULTS Factorial analysis indicated three factors in the work ability construct: issues pertaining to 'mental resources' (20.6% of the variance), self-perceived work ability (18.9% of the variance), and presence of diseases and health-related limitations (18.4% of the variance). The index was capable of discriminating workers according to levels of absenteeism, identifying a significantly lower (p<0.0001) mean score among subjects with high absenteeism (37.2 points) when compared to those with low absenteeism (42.3 points). Criterion validity analysis showed a correlation between the index and all dimensions of health status analyzed (p<0.0001). Reliability of the index was high, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.72. CONCLUSIONS The Brazilian version of the Work Ability Index showed satisfactory psychometric properties with respect to construct validity, thus constituting an appropriate option for evaluating work ability in both individual and population-based settings.
Wrist partial arthrodesis or other motion preserving surgery for degenerative wrist disease : prospective comparative assessment of grip strength, range of motion, function and disability

Traumatic osteoarthritis of the wrist is a disabling disease that affects middleaged active adults in the prime of their working life. I set out to assess wrist function and disability in patients with traumatic wrist osteoarthritis before and after surgery. I measured wrist range of motion with flexible electrogoniometer, grip strength with force-time curves using dynamometer, hand function with timed Sollerman hand function test and patient-reported outcome. I first developed these techniques in normal volunteers and then extended them to patients with wrist osteoarthritis before surgery and after four-corner fusion, three-corner fusion, total wrist fusion, and proximal row carpectomy. I used flexible electrogoniometry to generate circumduction curves to measure range, rate and rhythm of circumduction of the wrist. It showed that there was no difference in range of motion parameters in patients with wrist osteoarthritis before surgery and after four-corner fusion and three-corner fusion. Proximal row carpectomy provides better flexion-extension and poorer radio-ulnar deviation than four-corner fusion. Three-corner fusion allows better rate and rhythm of movements in flexion and ulnar deviation compared to four-corner fusion. Grip strength was measured with dynamometer to generate force time curves to measure sustainability of grip. There was no difference between our groups with wrist osteoarthritis before surgery and after wrist fusion, four-corner fusion or three-corner fusion. I developed the Timed Sollerman hand function test by measuring the time taken to complete each of the tasks without summarisation into a 5-point scale. It showed that volunteers completed the tasks quicker with the dominant hand than with the nondominant hand. Women took less time to complete the tasks in the 30-40 years age group than women in the 20-30 years age group and beyond 40 years. The patients with PRC completed the different activities of daily living quicker than the 4CF patients, except for activities requiring wrist torque strength.