Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Therapy of Locally Advanced and Oligometastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer remains a lethal disease despite a wide variety of therapeutic options. This review was initiated to provide an overview of existing therapies and future perspectives regarding the therapy of a patient collective that cannot undergo immediate curative treatment by surgery due to the extent of the disease at diagnosis. Abstract Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal disease, and surgical resection remains the only curative treatment option. Unfortunately, upon primary diagnosis, only 15–20% of all patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have localized disease that is eligible for operation. The remainder of patients either have borderline resectable or locally advanced disease or present with distant metastasis. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview regarding the current strategies and future directions in the multimodal therapy of locally advanced and oligometastasized pancreatic adenocarcinoma and discuss the benefit of surgery following neoadjuvant therapy in these patients.
Body temperatures in Sympecma paedisca (Zygoptera, Lestidae) in the autumn in the Central Ukraine

This short communication reports on the warming ability of the damselfly Sympecma paedisca, which is known for its winter hibernation and tolerance to low temperatures. The data were collected using an infrared camera in late September on two sunny days (air temperature 15–17°C) in the vicinity of Kyiv, Central Ukraine. The obtained data show that the thorax was almost always the warmest part of the body (up to 21°C in comparison to 17–18°C of the substrates damselflies were resting on and surrounding living plants). This indicates that the animals, in addition to sun, use their thoracic musculature to warm their bodies up. There was a clear correlation between thorax temperature and the temperature of both the head and abdomen, which means the warmed up thorax can transport part of its heat to other parts of the body by using their circulatory system.
Probing Antibacterial and Anticancer Potential of Selenicereus undatus, Pistacia vera L. and Olea europaea L. against Uropathogens, MCF-7 and A2780 Cancer Cells

Urinary tract infection is an infectious disease that requires immediate treatment. It can occur in any age group and involves both genders equally. The present study was to check the resistance of some antibiotics and to assess the antibacterial potential of three extracts of three plants against notorious bacteria involved in urinary tract infections. Along with assessing the antibacterial activity of plant extracts, we checked for the anticancer potential of these extracts against the cancer cell lines MCF-7 and A2780. Cancer is the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. Determinations of total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, total alkaloid content, total tannin content, total carotenoid content, and total steroid content were performed. The disk diffusion method was used to analyze the antibacterial activity of plant extracts. Ethanolic extract of Selenicereus undatus showed sensitivity (25–28 mm) against bacteria, whereas chloroform and hexane extracts showed resistance against all bacteria except Staphylococcus (25 mm). Ethanolic extract of Pistacia vera L. showed sensitivity (22–25 mm) against bacteria, whereas chloroform and hexane extracts showed resistance. Ethanolic extract of Olea europaea L. showed sensitivity (8–16 mm) against all bacteria except Staphylococcus, whereas chloroform and hexane extracts showed resistance. Positive controls showed variable zones of inhibition (2–60 mm), and negative control showed 0–1 mm. The antibiotic resistance was much more prominent in the case of hexane and chloroform extracts of all plants, whereas ethanolic extract showed a sensitivity of bacteria against extracts. Both cell lines, MCF-7 and A2780, displayed decreased live cells when treated with plant extracts.
Performance evaluation of RegCM4 in simulating extreme rainfall and temperature indices over the CORDEX‐Southeast Asia region

In this study, simulations over Southeast Asia (15°S–40°N, 80°–145°E) at 36 km resolution were conducted for the period 1989–2007 using the Regional Climate Model version 4.3 (RegCM4.3) under the framework of the Southeast Asia Regional Climate Downscaling/Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment – Southeast Asia (or SEACLID/CORDEX‐SEA) project. Forced by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Interim Reanalysis (ERA‐Interim), 18 experiments were carried out using different combinations of cumulus parameterization and ocean flux schemes. Twelve extreme indices for both rainfall and temperature were estimated from the model output. A statistical omega index was used to measure the degree of similarity among the 18 experiments in phase and shape. The results showed relatively high similarities among the experiments over mainland Asia compared to those over the Maritime Continent for both seasonal and inter‐annual variability. The extreme rainfall indices had a lower omega compared to that of temperature. Observed daily rainfall and temperature data at 52 meteorological stations over the SEA region were used to validate the simulated extreme indices. The results showed that extreme temperature indices were generally underestimated across the region. Systematic biases for each simulated rainfall index were also identified. A score ranking system was established to compare the relative performance of the 18 experiments over the 52 selected stations objectively. It was shown that the experiments with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)‐Emanuel scheme performed relatively better than the other convective schemes. The combination of the MIT‐Emanuel convective scheme with the Biosphere–Atmosphere Transfer scheme (BATS1e) ocean flux scheme produced the best performance.
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the PAR2 and IL-17A Genes Are Significantly Associated with Chronic Pain

Patients with chronic pain are affected psychologically and socially. There are also individual differences in treatment efficacy. Insufficient research has been conducted on genetic polymorphisms that are related to individual differences in the susceptibility to chronic pain. Autoimmune disorders can lead to inflammation and chronic pain; therefore, we focused on the autoimmune-related protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2/F2RL1) and interleukin 17A (IL-17A/IL17A) genes. PAR2 and IL-17A are associated with autoimmune diseases that lead to chronic pain, and PAR2 regulates T-helper (Th) cell activation and differentiation. We hypothesized that the PAR2 and IL-17A genes are associated with chronic pain. The present study used a case–control design to statistically examine associations between genetic polymorphisms and the vulnerability to chronic pain. The rs2243057 polymorphism of the PAR2 gene and rs3819025 polymorphism of the IL-17A gene were previously reported to be associated with pain- or autoimmune-related phenotypes. Thus, these polymorphisms were investigated in the present study. We found that both rs2243057 and rs3819025 were significantly associated with a susceptibility to chronic pain. The present findings revealed autoimmune-related genetic factors that are involved in individual differences in chronic pain, further aiding understanding of the pathomechanism that underlies chronic pain and possibly contributing to future personalized medicine.
Enhancing Airtight Storage with Germinating Cowpea Seeds: Impacts on Insect Mortality, Progeny and Grain Quality

Simple Summary Hermetic (airtight) storage systems are used by smallholder farmers to mitigate storage losses caused by insects. These systems rely on insects to consume the residual oxygen within containers. However, prolonged exposure of infested grains to oxygen during hermetic storage can further exacerbate damage. While commercial oxygen scavengers can eliminate residual oxygen, they are costly, unavailable, and unsuitable for smallholder farmers in developing countries. We investigated the potential of germinating cowpea seeds (10, 20, and 30 seeds) as oxygen scavengers within 2 L airtight storage jars filled with cowpea grains. A set of jars was opened daily for 5 days to evaluate insect mortality, progeny, and grain quality. We observed a 100% insect mortality in 72 h when cowpea weevils were exposed to low oxygen levels from 20 and 30 germinating seeds. Infested grains exposed for 96 and 120 h to hypoxia from 30 and 20 germinating seeds, respectively, exhibited no post-treatment progeny development. For optimal results, a 2 L hermetic container filled with infested cowpeas containing 20 or 30 germinating cowpea seeds used as oxygen scavengers should be closed for 5 days. Abstract Millions of smallholder farmers use airtight (hermetic) storage to preserve stored commodities. However, relying on biological agents (i.e., insects) to deplete residual oxygen in airtight containers can occasionally extend the process, potentially resulting in grain damage or nutrient loss. Current oxygen scavengers used to remove this residual oxygen are unavailable and unsuitable on smallholder farms in developing countries. We evaluated the effectiveness of germinating seeds for oxygen depletion. Treatments comprised 10, 20, and 30 germinating cowpea seeds in 2 L jars filled with infested cowpea grains. Insect mortality and grain quality were assessed after 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h. Progeny development was monitored for 49 days post-treatment. The results showed that all germinating seeds depleted oxygen to 5% or below within 48 h. Complete adult mortality was achieved after 72 h for both 20 and 30 germinating seeds and 120 h for 10 germinating seeds. As germinating seeds increased, egg counts decreased. No adults emerged post-treatment after insects were exposed for 96 and 120 h to hypoxia from 30 and 20 germinating seeds, respectively. However, 120 h insect exposure to hypoxia from 10 germinating seeds had negligible progeny development. Moisture content increased slightly in grains exposed to 30 germinating seeds. Germinating seeds are as effective as controlled atmospheres in accelerating insect deaths, but further research is needed for field application and their effects on stored product quality.
Based on Transcriptome Sequencing of Cell Wall Deficient Strain, Research on Arabinosyltransferase Inhibition’s Effect on the Synthesis of Cell Wall in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

To explore the key genes involved in cell wall synthesis and understand the molecular mechanism of cell wall assembly in the model alga-Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, transcriptome sequencing was used to discover the differentially expressed genes in the cell wall defective strain. In the glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism pathways, the gene expressions involved in the synthesis of cell wall functional components were analyzed. The results showed that in the cell wall defective strain, arabinosyltransferase gene (XEG113, RRA) related to synthesis of plant extensin and some cell wall structural protein genes (hyp, PHC19, PHC15, PHC4, PHC3) were up-regulated, 1,3-β-glucan synthase gene (Gls2) and endoglucanase gene (EG2) about synthesis and degradation of glycoskeleton were both mainly up-regulated. Then, ethambutol dihydrochloride, an arabinosyltransferase inhibitor, was found to affect the permeability of the cell wall of the normal strain, while the cell wall deficient strain was not affected. To further research the function of arabinosyltransferase, the RRA gene was inactivated by knockout in the normal cell wall algal strain. Through a combination of microscope observation and physiological index detection, it was found that the cell wall of the mutant strains showed reduced structure levels, suggesting that the structure and function of the cell wall glycoprotein were weakened. Therefore, arabinosyltransferase may affect the glycosylation modification of cell wall glycoprotein, further affecting the structure assembly of cell wall glycoprotein.
Switching Torque Ripple Reduction Using Multi-Modules PMSM Drive

This paper illustrates the method for switching torque ripple reduction using multi-modules PMSM(MMPMSM). General method of switching torque ripple reduction using MMPMSM is 90 degrees phase shift of carrier waveform between two winding modules. This paper analyzes phase current ripple caused by SVPWM to explain why the optimal phase shift angle of carrier wave should be 90 degrees, and then, performs the effect of carrier shift angle for four-modules PMSM drives.
Response of bio-extract coatings on decay, carotenoid and enzymes activity ofKinnow (Citrus reticulata)

Kinnow is a well-known mandarin grown in Haryana. Edible coatings are useful for controlling ripening by reducing the oxygen penetration into the fruits, thus, reducing metabolic activity and softening of fruits. Present study was carried out during 2019 and 2020 at Horticulture Farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana. Kinnow fruits were treated with different bio-extract coatings, viz. Aloe vera extract, til oil, CMC, lac coating, lemongrass oil and commercial coating. The carotene content of the fruits did not differ significantly irrespective of the coatings. Decay loss and activities of pectin methyl esterase and cellulase were minimum resulting in better retention of the firmness in Aloe vera extract coated fruits. Minimum polygalacturonase activity was noticed in commercial coating treated fruits.
Study Of Living Al-Qur’an Analysis: Tale Jei Tradition For Hajj Jama'ah In Koto Petai Kerinci Indonesia

The study of the living Al-Qur’an tradition of Tale Jei in Koto Petai village uses qualitative-descriptive research methods by describing the facts of the reality of the data that is there for the data collection method, namely by interview and documentation methods to analyze the data obtained from various sources and then describe the results of the analysis. Tale Jei in Kerinci is a legacy of the cultural traditions of ninik mamak or previous scholars, especially in the village of Koto Petai, routinely holding this traditional event before releasing the pilgrims, which in the process contains all about the events of Hajj starting from the pillars of Hajj, Hajj obligations, Hajj requirements, Hajj prohibitions made and sung in the form of songs (Tale). With the help of the living Al-Qur’an, the author will analyze Karl Mannheim's Sociology of Knowledge theory, which focuses on three main points: objective, expressive, and documentary. From the results of the analysis, the author found the verses contained in this tradition by using the Living Al-Qur’an Study of the Tale Jei tradition in Koto Petai village, including 1) Surah al-Mujādalah (58: 11), 2) Surah Āli Imrān (3:97), 3) Surah al-Nahl (16:97), 4) Surah Fāṭir (35:29), and then reveal the spirit of the implementation of the tradition.
Reconstructing deglacial ocean ventilation using radiocarbon : data and inverse modeling

Paleoclimate reconstructions are only as good as their chronology. Age models of marine records can be complicated by factors like the changes in surface 1 4 C reservoir age and sedimentation rate. Here I build a chronology for the last -30 thousand years that is free of those uncertainties, based on 14C dating of twigs in a pair of cores from the Panama Basin. With this accurate chronology and concurrent 14C dates of Neogloboquadrina dutertrei (a thermocline-dwelling foraminifera), it is shown that the near surface 1 C reservoir age was similar to today in the past, and that the planktonic foraminiferal 613C decrease in the early deglaciation was not due to the advection of subsurface low-81 3 C water. Instead, it must have been driven by a more efficient transport of carbon through the atmosphere.
Evolution of Çamlık fissure-ridge travertines in the Başkale basin (Van, Eastern Anatolia)

Fissure-ridge travertines (FRTs) are of great importance for the determination and comparison of tectonic deformation in a region. The coeval development of these travertines with active fault zones supplies significant information about regional dynamics in terms of deformation pattern and evolution. In this paper, the characteristics of FRTs of the Başkale basin (eastern Turkey) and responsible regional tectonism are discussed for the first time. The Başkale basin is located between the Başkale Fault Zone (BFZ) characterised by Çamlık fault and Işıklı–Ziraniş fault. It is located between dextral Yüksekova Fault Zone and southern end of dextral Guilato–Siahcheshmeh–Khoy Fault system (Iran). Various morphological features indicating recent activity are exposed along the BFZ, including offsetting rivers, fissure-ridge travertine and fault scarps. The Çamlık fissure-ridge travertine composing of three different depositions is observed along the eastern edge of the BFZ with approximately parallel orientations. The Çamlık fissure-ridge travertine has been formed and developed on fault zone related to strike-slip or oblique movements. We explain how kinematic changes of faults can influence the fissure-ridge development.
The impact of deforestation on the hydrological cycle in Amazonia as observed from remote sensing

ABSTRACT Given widespread Amazonian deforestation, numerous studies have focused on how the regional hydrological cycle – in terms of precipitation (P) recycling from evapotranspiration (ET) – is impacted by deforestation. Nevertheless, climate macroscale and mesoscale models have given contradictory results on changes in ET and P with deforestation. To date, these results have not been evaluated with observations, so in this work, we assessed a decade of patterns in ET and P over deforested and forest areas using remote sensing (MODIS and TRMM, 2000–2012). We found a relative increase in ET and P in deforested areas, though there was a positive ET and P correlation over southern/deforested, and negative in northern/forested Amazonia. Although the absolute ET and P values are lower in deforested areas in comparison to border areas, we observed a positive change in ET and P in the last 10 years at the deforested areas. The increase in ET was larger within the deforested areas; meanwhile, P increased more from inside forest areas to the borders, which agrees with the ET and P correlation patterns. Our results help to inform the debate between the macroscale and mesoscale models, as deforestation impacts small-scale circulation patterns, turbulence, and moisture fluxes and convergence, and expand our understanding of the processes involved.
Peripheral Branch Injury Induces Oxytocin Receptor Expression at the Central Axon Terminals of Primary Sensory Neurons

Considerable evidence suggests that oxytocin, as a regulatory nonapeptide, participates in modulatory mechanisms of nociception. Nonetheless, the role of this hypothalamic hormone and its receptor in the sensory pathway has yet to be fully explored. The present study performed immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and RT-qPCR analysis to assess changes in the expression of the neuronal oxytocin receptor in female rats following tight ligation of the sciatic nerve after 1, 3, and 7 days of survival. Oxytocin receptor immunoreactivity was present in both dorsal root ganglia and lumbar spinal cord segments, but not accumulated at the site of the ligation of the peripheral nerve branch. We found a time-dependent change in the expression of oxytocin receptor mRNA in L5 dorsal root ganglion neurons, as well as an increase in the level of the receptor protein in the lumbar segment of the spinal cord. A peak in the expression was observed on day 3, which downturned slightly by day 7 after the nerve ligation. These results show that OTR expression is up-regulated in response to peripheral nerve lesions. We assume that the importance of OTR is to modify spinal presynaptic inputs of the sensory neurons upon injury-induced activation, thus to be targets of the descending oxytocinergic neurons from supraspinal levels. The findings of this study support the concept that oxytocin plays a role in somatosensory transmission.
A low-cost technique for radio-tracking wildlife using a small standard unmanned aerial vehicle

Recent advances in using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to study wildlife offer promise and may improve data collection efficiency, and small UAVs, such as multirotor platforms, are suitable for this task because they are easy to deploy, can fly over terrain that is difficult to access on foot, and can be programmed to follow specific trajectories. The objective of our study was to determine whether a small UAV could be outfitted with a radio receiver to pick up signals from radio-transmitters worn by small forest birds (Catharus bicknelli and C. ustulatus). We compared radio-monitoring using an UAV and a ground-based vehicle. The detection of over 50% of the tagged birds in the 50 m altitude flights is indicative of the real potential of the concept. This is supported by a signal strength significantly stronger and more constant than ground-based signals. The signal receptor experienced no significant interference from the UAV electronics, thus enabling a “clean” set of detections from the birds. Based .
Prevalence of Varicose Veins and Its Risk Factors among Nurses Working at King Khalid University Hospital Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

This quantitative observational cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and level of risk scores for varicose veins among nurses, and the association between varicose veins and sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle risk factors. Using simple random sampling, from August–December 2022, 250 nurses from different departments at King Khalid University Hospital completed a validated self-administered questionnaire and underwent an observational physical examination. Most nurses (191) had low-risk scores for varicose veins, 46 nurses had moderate-risk scores, and 13 nurses had high-risk scores. From the outpatient clinics, 61.5% of nurses had significant high-risk scores for varicose veins. Those with a statistically significant association had a family history of varicose veins (p < 0.001) and other chronic medical conditions (p = 0.04). Physical activity, especially race-walking/running (p = 0.006), showed a statistically significant association with the varicose veins score. The years as a staff nurse were statistically significant among the occupational risk factors (p = 0.003). The adjusted multivariable regression model showed three significant predictors: a positive family history, running/walking, and total years as a staff nurse (p < 0.001, p = 0.02, and p < 0.001, respectively). Nurses working at outpatient clinics, positive family history, years as a staff nurse, and other chronic conditions are risk factors for varicose veins, while race-walking/running is a protective factor.