Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Female Sexual Dysfunction Pharmacologic and Therapeutic Interventions

Female sexual dysfunction is associated with personal distress and includes female sexual interest and arousal disorder (including former hypoactive sexual desire disorder), female orgasmic disorder, genitopelvic pain and penetration disorder, and substance-or medication-induced sexual dysfunction. These disorders are remarkably common among women, with an estimated prevalence of 20–40%. It is our responsibility as obstetrician–gynecologists to identify risk factors and screen for female sexual dysfunction. Appropriate screening allows for further exploration into sexual function and dysfunction and, ultimately, determination of associated distress. Treatment often involves addressing the underlying issue through therapy or medical management. For female sexual interest and arousal disorder, treatment generally includes cognitive behavioral therapy, often with a mindfulness focus, and consideration of pharmaceutical management. Female orgasmic disorder is treated with education and awareness, as well as therapy. Evaluation for underlying etiology is particularly critical for genitopelvic pain and penetration disorder to allow treatment of an underlying condition. Finally, substance-or medication-induced sexual dysfunction is best managed by cessation of the implicated substance and consideration of adjunctive therapy if dysfunction is related to antidepressants. Female sexual dysfunction is often overlooked in clinical practice; however, there are effective medical and psychological options for management. (
Health Seeking Behaviour of Migrant Fishermen for Musculoskeletal Pains along the

There is a dearth of literature on the health-seeking behaviour of migrant fishermen with musculoskeletal pains in the Niger Delta region even though the majority of the people in this region are fishermen. Thus, this study investigated the health-seeking behaviour of migrant fishermen for musculoskeletal pains along the Taylor Creek in Bayelsa State. This descriptive study conducted among 224 fishermen used the Health Belief Model (HBM) as its theoretical framework. The respondent-driven sampling technique was used to administer a structured questionnaire to migrant fishermen in the region. Data collected for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics. The Findings from this study indicated that the average age of the respondents was 33 years. The result from this study also indicated that majority of the respondents had their origin traced to Biseni, Kolukuma and Okordia, while a large proportion of the respondents were from the Ijaw ethnic group. The types of musculoskeletal pains experienced by the fishermen revealed that more than half of them had experienced low back pains (91.1%), muscle pains (82.1%), joint pains (82.1%), tendon and ligament pains (73.2%), bone pains (62.5%), tunnel syndromes (62.1%), chronic headaches (62.5%), myofascial pains (53.6%) and fibromyalgia (44.6%). Their health-seeking behaviour revealed that majority of them had utilised both modern and traditional health care services for medical help despite the distance of the facilities from their locations. The study concluded that more health care facilities should be provided for migrant fishermen in their respective locations.
in DNA-dextran composites

Polymer architecture plays critical roles in both bulk rheological properties and microscale macromolecular dynamics in entangled polymer solutions and composites. Ring polymers, in particular, have been the topic of much debate due to the inability of the celebrated reptation model to capture their observed dynamics. Macrorheology and differential dynamic microscopy (DDM) are powerful methods to determine entangled polymer dynamics across scales; yet, they typically require different samples under different conditions, preventing direct coupling of bulk rheological properties to the underlying macromolecular dynamics. Here, we perform macrorheology on composites of highly overlapping DNA and dextran polymers, focusing on the role of DNA topology (rings versus linear chains) as well as the relative volume fractions of DNA and dextran. On the same samples under the same conditions, we perform DDM and single-molecule tracking on embedded fluores-cent-labeled DNA molecules immediately before and after bulk measurements. We show DNA-dextran composites exhibit unexpected non-monotonic dependences of bulk viscoelasticity and molecular-level transport properties on the fraction of DNA comprising the composites, with characteristics that are strongly dependent on the DNA topology. We rationalize our results as arising from stretching and bundling of linear DNA versus compaction, swelling, and threading of rings driven by dextran-mediated depletion interactions. © 2022 The Society of Rheology. https://doi.org/10.1122/8.0000447
When you cannot ask the judge: Using cases to explore judicial culture in the UK Supreme Court

Much of our understanding of the judicial role and culture is grounded in data gathered through interviews, surveys, and observations of judges. However, in the UK access to the judiciary and the nature and form of questions you can ask of them is strictly controlled. This paper argues that cases are important artefacts of the culture of the judicial institute. The analysis of judicial decisions, approached through the lens of dissent, provides an insight into the factors that shape the decision-making culture and the influence of culture on individual decision makers. The analysis of cases, enriched with data from judicial speeches, raises important questions about the decision-making culture in the highest court.
Aggregate Confusion: The Divergence of ESG Ratings ∗

This paper investigates the divergence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings based on data from six prominent ESG rating agencies: KLD, Sustaina-lytics, Moody’s ESG (Vigeo-Eiris), S&P Global (RobecoSAM), Reﬁnitiv (Asset4)
Monitoring the Status of Mt. Kenya Forest Using Multi-Temporal Landsat Data

MONITORING THE STATUS OF MT. KENYA FOREST USING MULTITEMPORAL LANDSAT DATA by Lucy Wangeci Ndegwa This study used three Landsat images acquired in 1976, 1987, and 2002, and ISODATA unsupervised classifications to map and quantify landcover changes on Mt. Kenya between 1976 and 2002.There were 194,707 ha, 150,812 ha, and 140,085 ha of forest in 1976, 1987, and 2002, respectively. Among the change detection techniques evaluated, the multitemporal PCA technique had the highest accuracy (86.9%) and indicated a 10.3% loss in forest between 1987 and 2002. The post classification comparison technique also resulted in high classification accuracy (80.3%), but failed to capture adequately loss in the bamboo forest. Other change detection techniques evaluated including KT wetness, KT greenness and SARVI2 gave misleading results, as they appeared to capture differences in forest growth vigor rather than actual biomass changes. Landscape metrics computed for the forests indicated higher fragmentation rates in the 1976-1987 period compared to the 1987-2002 period. MONITORING THE STATUS OF MT. KENYA FOREST USING MULTITEMPORAL LANDSAT DATA
Deuterium excess variations of rainfall events in a coastal area of South Australia and its relationship with synoptic weather systems and atmospheric moisture sources

In this study, isotopic compositions of monthly (Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation), event, and intraevent rain samples are used to examine the relationship between precipitation deuterium excess, the type of synoptic weather systems, and associated moisture directions in a coastal area of South Australia. The results indicate that both synoptic weather systems and associated atmospheric moisture sources influence deuterium excess values in precipitation. Rain events caused by frontal systems tend to have moisture sources from the Indian Ocean to the south of Australia. They usually have deuterium excess values of 15‰ to 25‰, depending on the moisture source direction. Rain events caused by synoptic low‐pressure and trough systems tend to have inland moisture sources, and have a deuterium excess of 10‰ to 15‰. In addition to weather systems and associated moisture sources, subcloud processes alter the deuterium excess in the resulting precipitation, which is an effect that is more significant during summer when it is warm and dry. Together, these factors contribute to the seasonal variability of deuterium excess in the study area. Deuterium excess of winter frontal precipitation, resulting from minimal subcloud evaporation, is useful to infer the moisture source direction. In other seasons, deuterium excess in precipitation is more likely altered by subcloud evaporation. Nevertheless, intraevent samples in the middle of a frontal event that has experienced minimal subcloud evaporation are useful to estimate cloud deuterium excess. The results also suggest that an abrupt change in dominant precipitation weather patterns occurs between January and February, characterized by a sudden decrease in δ18O and deuterium excess.
Impact of Mentalization Based Therapy Program on Reduction of Borderline Personality Symptoms among Nursing Schools Students

: Mental health of nursing students is an important basis for the personal and professional development. Specifically, Borderline personality disorder negatively affecting the essential nursing intervention. Mentalization based therapy found to significantly reduce severity of borderline personality disorder and its related symptoms. Aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of mentalization based therapy program on reduction of borderline personality symptoms among nursing schools' students. Design: Quasi-experimental research design. Sample technique: A convenient sample technique. Subject all nursing students in Ismailia city (five hundred and twelve) for assessment of borderline symptoms, and (fifty-eight students) from them detected to had borderline personality symptoms were included in mentalization based therapy program, Tools of data collection: - Semi-structured interview questionnaire was divided into four tools, are: demographic characteristics, borderline personality questionnaire, Mentalization scale, a borderline Symptom List (BSL-23). Results: about twelve percent of nursing school's students has borderline personality symptoms, there was a statistically significant decline of mean score of all borderline personality symptoms in post and follow-up program implementation stages than preprogram implementation. Conclusion: there was statistically significant reduction in mean score of borderline personality symptoms after implementation of mentalization based therapy program. Recommendations: Improve the awareness of nursing students about available resources for emotional and psychological support and develop mentalization based therapy training program for psychologist and teachers in nursing schools.
Relationship between Learning Setting and Achievement on Different Mathematics Tasks among Secondary School Students in Kisumu County, Kenya

: Student ability can be classified as, high ability, medium ability and low ability, according to achievement test results. A learning setting may have students of similar or mixed ability and this may affect their achievement on different mathematics tasks. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between learning setting, mathematics tasks and the interaction between learning setting and mathematical tasks for each ability level. A factorial research design was used in the study. The independent variables were learning setting and mathematics task for each ability level. The dependent variable was achievement in mathematics. The population of the study consisted of 240 Form Three students from a public boys’ secondary school. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 48 students. The stratifying criterion was the ability level across streams. A mathematics achievement test consisting of tasks on Algebra and Probability was used to collect data. The findings of the study indicated that for high ability students, learning setting, mathematics tasks and the interaction between learning setting and mathematics tasks was not significant (p˃.05). For the medium ability students, learning setting, mathematics tasks, and the interaction between the learning setting and the mathematics tasks was not significant (p˃.05). For the low ability students, the effect of learning setting and the mathematics tasks alone was not significant (p˃.05). However the interaction between the learning setting and the mathematics tasks was significant (p˂.05). The findings are of significance to teachers, educational policy makers, test developers and test users.
Nearly Optimal Tests when a Nuisance Parameter is Present Under the Null Hypothesis

This paper considers nonstandard hypothesis testing problems that involve a nuisance parameter. We establish an upper bound on the weighted average power of all valid tests, and develop a numerical algorithm that determines a feasible test with power close to the bound. The approach is illustrated in six applications: inference about a linear regression coe¢ cient when the sign of a control coe¢ cient is known; small sample inference about the di¤erence in means from two independent Gaussian samples from populations with potentially di¤erent variances; inference about the break date in structural break models with moderate break magnitude; predictability tests when the regressor is highly persistent; inference about an interval identi ed parameter; and inference about a linear regression coe¢ cient when the necessity of a control is in doubt. JEL classi cation: C12; C21; C22 Keywords: Least favorable distribution, composite hypothesis, maximin tests This research was funded in part by NSF grant SES-0751056 (Müller). The paper supersedes the corresponding sections of the previous working papers "Low-Frequency Robust Cointegration Testing" and "Pre and Post Break Parameter Inference" by the same set of authors. We thank Lars Hansen, Andriy Norets, Andres Santos, two referees, the participants of the AMES 2011 meeting at Korea University, of the 2011 Greater New York Metropolitan Econometrics Colloquium, and of a workshop at USC for helpful comments. 1 Introduction This paper considers statistical hypothesis tests concerning a parameter = ( 0; 0)0 where is a parameter of interest and is a nuisance parameter. Both the null and alternative are composite H0 : = 0, 2 D against H1 : 2 B, 2 D (1) so that the null speci es the value of , but not . A key example of a hypothesis testing problem with a nuisance parameter is the Gaussian shift experiment, where the single observation Y is drawn from
Ice nucleation proteins self-assemble into large fibres to trigger freezing at near 0 °C

In nature, frost can form at a few degrees below 0 °C. However, this process requires the assembly of tens of thousands of ice-like water molecules that align together to initiate freezing at these relatively high temperatures. Water ordering on this scale is mediated by the ice nucleation proteins of common environmental bacteria like Pseudomonas syringae and P. borealis. However, individually, these 100-kDa proteins are too small to organize enough water molecules for frost formation, and it is not known how giant, megadalton-sized multimers, which are crucial for ice nucleation at high sub-zero temperatures, form. The ability of multimers to self-assemble was suggested when the transfer of an ice nucleation protein gene into Escherichia coli led to efficient ice nucleation. Here we demonstrate that a positively-charged sub-domain at the C-terminal end of the central beta-solenoid of the ice nucleation protein is crucial for multimerization. Truncation, relocation, or change of the charge of this subdomain caused a catastrophic loss of ice nucleation ability. Cryo-electron tomography of the recombinant E. coli showed that the ice nucleation protein multimers form fibres that are ∼ 5 nm across and up to 200 nm long. A model of these fibres as an overlapping series of antiparallel dimers can account for all their known properties and suggests a route to making cell-free ice nucleators for biotechnological applications.
APOBEC3A suppresses cervical cancer via apoptosis

Background: Family members of Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic 3 (APOBEC3) play critical roles in cancer evolution and development. However, the role of APOBEC3A in cervical cancer remains to be clarified. Methods: We used bioinformatics to investigate APOBEC3A expression and outcomes using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) dataset, GTEx, and GSE7803. Immunohistochemistry was then used to identify APOBEC3A's expression pattern. We performed Cell Counting Kit-8, wound-healing, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays to measure proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively, using the SiHa and HeLa cell lines transfected with APOBEC3A. BALB/c nude mice were used to investigate the effects of APOBEC3A in vivo. The phosphorylated gamma-H2AX staining assay was applied to measure DNA damage. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was applied to explore APOBEC3A-related signaling pathways. Results: APOBEC3A was more significantly expressed in cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. Higher expression of APOBEC3A was associated with better outcomes in TCGA-CESC and GTEx. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of APOBEC3A was significantly higher in cancer tissues than in normal tissues. Transfection experiments showed that APOBEC3A inhibited proliferation, upregulated S-phase cells, inhibited migration and invasion, induced DNA damage, and promoted apoptosis. Overexpression of APOBEC3A inhibited tumor formation in the mouse model. RNA-seq analysis showed that ectopic expression of APOBEC3A inhibited several cancer-associated signaling pathways. Conclusions: APOBEC3A is significantly upregulated in cervical cancer, and higher expression of APOBEC3A is associated with better outcomes. APOBEC3A is a tumor suppressor whose overexpression induces apoptosis in cervical cancer.
Using remote sensing and a geographic information system to quantify rock exposure area in England and Wales: Implications for paleodiversity studies

Rock outcrop area and number of sedimentary formations have been widely used as sampling proxies in paleodiversity studies and have often been found to correlate with apparent paleodiversity. However, rock exposure area is a better proxy for the amount of sedimentary rock available for study than the widely used measures of outcrop area (i.e., map area) or number of formations. With the use of remote sensing and a geographic information system (GIS), it is possible to quantify rock exposure area accurately on a regional scale. Rock exposure area does not correlate well with either outcrop area or number of sedimentary formations, and the proportion of rock exposed in different areas can vary considerably with proximity to the coast, bedrock age, lithology, land use, and elevation. Therefore, this suggests that the correlation of paleodiversity and rock volume estimates is best explained by a common-cause hypothesis, rather than a geologic sampling bias hypothesis. GIS methods offer an efficient and accurate method of quantifying regional sedimentary rock exposure and may provide a helpful approach to assessing rock record bias on patterns in the fossil record.
Changes in crop trait plasticity with domestication history: Management practices matter

Abstract Crop domestication has led to the development of distinct trait syndromes, a series of constrained plant trait trade‐offs to maximize yield in high‐input agricultural environments, and potentially constrained trait plasticity. Yet, with the ongoing transition to organic and diversified agroecosystems, which create more heterogeneous nutrient availability, this constrained plasticity, especially in root functional traits, may be undesirable for nutrient acquisition. Such agricultural systems require a nuanced understanding of the soil‐crop continuum under organic amendments and with intercropping, and the role crop genetic resources play in governing nutrient management and design. In this study, we use a functional traits lens to determine if crops with a range of domestication histories express different functional trait plasticity and how this expression changes with soil amendments and intercropping. We utilize a common garden experiment including five wheat (Triticum aestivum) varietals with a range of domestication histories planted in a factorial combination with amendment type (organic and inorganic) and cropping design (monoculture or intercropped with soybean). We use bivariate, multivariate and trait space analyses to quantify trait variation and plasticity in five leaf and five root functional traits. Almost all leaf and root traits varied among varieties. Yet, amendment type was nearly inconsequential for explaining trait expression across varieties. However, intercropping was linked to significant differences in root acquisitive strategies, regardless of the varietals' distinct history. Our findings show substantial leaf and root trait plasticity, with roots expressing greater trait space occupation with domestication, but also the strong role of management in crop trait expression. We underscore the utility of a functional trait‐based approach to understand plant–soil dynamics with organic amendments, as well as the role of crop genetic histories in the successful transition to low‐input and diversified agroecosystems.
Medical Humanities in Undergraduate Psychiatry Teaching: Learner Assessment and Mediators of Better Learning Outcomes

OBJECTIVES Previous studies have found that the inclusion of medical humanities in medical education was associated with improvements in learner reflectivity and empathy. There is less data, however, on the impact of medical humanities on perceived patient care and mediators of learner outcomes. Our study aimed to determine the impact of medical humanities on perceived learner well-being and patient care, and the mediators of these outcomes in medical undergraduates undergoing psychiatric training. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to December 2022 within undergraduate medical students undergoing psychiatry rotations and who attended sessions entitled “Humanities in Psychiatry. ” Both quantitative and qualitative data were obtained through anonymized online feedback forms. Path analysis was performed to examine the relationship between learners’ perception of the medical humanities writing activity and its potential to improve their well-being, patient care, as well as mediators of these outcomes. RESULTS Overall, 97 medical undergraduates (response rate 67.4%) participated in the study and more than four-fifths reported improvements in listening, reflection, empathy, personal well-being, and perceived patient care. Males showed more interest in additional medical humanities sessions (mean rank 57.9 vs 42.5, P = .005) and greater improvements in personal well-being (mean rank 55.1 vs 44.5, P = .044). Path analysis showed that reflective capacity of learners mediated the relationship between reflective writing and perceived improvements in learner well-being (β = 0.596, 95% CI = 0.409-0.737) and patient care (β = 0.557, 95% CI = 0.379-0.702). CONCLUSIONS Our study found that the majority of learners responded positively to the medical humanities sessions, which suggests that its use could be beneficial in fostering empathy, reflection, learner well-being, and improved patient care. Using the PRISM model, we present practical implications for educators to consider when using medical humanities in relation to psychiatry training.