Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
smart-KG: Partition-Based Linked Data Fragments for querying knowledge graphs

RDF and SPARQL provide a uniform way to publish and query billions of triples in open knowledge graphs (KGs) on the Web. Yet, provisioning of a fast, reliable, and responsive live querying solution for open KGs is still hardly possible through SPARQL endpoints alone: while such endpoints provide a remarkable performance for single queries, they typically can not cope with highly concurrent query workloads by multiple clients. To mitigate this, the Linked Data Fragments (LDF) framework sparked the design of different alternative low-cost interfaces such as Triple Pattern Fragments (TPF), that partially offload the query processing workload to the client side. On the downside, such interfaces still come with the expense of unnecessarily high network load due to the necessary transfer of intermediate results to the client, leading to query performance degradation compared with endpoints. To address this problem, in the present work, we investigate alternative interfaces, refining and extending the original TPF idea, which also aims at reducing server-resource consumption, by shipping query-relevant partitions of KGs from the server to the client. To this end, first, we align formal definitions and notations of the original LDF framework to uniformly present existing LDF implements and such “partition-based” LDF approaches. These novel LDF interfaces retrieve, instead of the exact triples matching a particular query pattern, a subset of pre-materialized, compressed, partitions of the original graph, containing all answers to a query pattern, to be further evaluated on the client side. As a concrete representative of partition-based LDF, we present smart-KG+, extending and refining our prior work (In WWW ’20: The Web Conference 2020 (2020) 984–994 ACM / IW3C2) in several respects. Our proposed approach is a step forward towards a better-balanced share of the query processing load between clients and servers by shipping graph partitions driven by the structure of RDF graphs to group entities described with the same sets of properties and classes, resulting in significant data transfer reduction. Our experiments demonstrate that the smart-KG+ significantly outperforms existing Web SPARQL interfaces on both pre-existing benchmarks for highly concurrent query execution as well as an accustomed query workload inspired by query logs of existing SPARQL endpoints.
Stochastic robustness of linear control systems

A simple numerical procedure for estimating the stochastic robustness of a linear, time-invariant system is described. Monte Carlo evaluation of the system's eigenvalues allows the probability of instability and the related stochastic root locus to be estimated. This definition of robustness is an alternative to existing deterministic definitions that address both structured and unstructured parameter variations directly. This analysis approach treats not only Gaussian parameter uncertainties but non-Gaussian cases, including uncertain-but-bounded variations. Trivial extensions of the procedure admit alternate discriminants to be considered. Thus, the probabilities that stipulated degrees of instability will be exceeded or that closed-loop roots will leave desirable regions also can be estimated. Results are particularly amenable to graphical presentation.
Myoelectric Control Systems for Upper Limb Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons and Exosuits—A Systematic Review

In recent years, myoelectric control systems have emerged for upper limb wearable robotic exoskeletons to provide movement assistance and/or to restore motor functions in people with motor disabilities and to augment human performance in able-bodied individuals. In myoelectric control, electromyographic (EMG) signals from muscles are utilized to implement control strategies in exoskeletons and exosuits, improving adaptability and human–robot interactions during various motion tasks. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art myoelectric control systems designed for upper-limb wearable robotic exoskeletons and exosuits, and highlights the key focus areas for future research directions. Here, different modalities of existing myoelectric control systems were described in detail, and their advantages and disadvantages were summarized. Furthermore, key design aspects (i.e., supported degrees of freedom, portability, and intended application scenario) and the type of experiments conducted to validate the efficacy of the proposed myoelectric controllers were also discussed. Finally, the challenges and limitations of current myoelectric control systems were analyzed, and future research directions were suggested.
Evidence for the formation of the young counter-rotating stellar disk from gas acquired by IC 719

Aims. The formation scenario of extended counter-rotating stellar disks in galaxies is still debated. In this paper, we study the S0 galaxy IC 719 known to host two large-scale counter-rotating stellar disks in order to investigate their formation mechanism. Methods. We exploit the large field of view and wavelength coverage of the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) spectrograph to derive two-dimensional (2D) maps of the various properties of the counter-rotating stellar disks, such as age, metallicity, kinematics, spatial distribution, the kinematical and chemical properties of the ionized gas, and the dust map. Results. Due to the large wavelength range, and in particular to the presence of the Calcium Triplet λλ8498, 8542, 8662 Å (CaT hereafter), the spectroscopic analysis allows us to separate the two stellar components in great detail. This permits precise measurement of both the velocity and velocity dispersion of the two components as well as their spatial distribution. We derived a 2D map of the age and metallicity of the two stellar components, as well as the star formation rate and gas-phase metallicity from the ionized gas emission maps. Conclusions. The main stellar disk of the galaxy is kinematically hotter, older, thicker and with larger scale-length than the secondary disk. There is no doubt that the latter is strongly linked to the ionized gas component: they have the same kinematics and similar vertical and radial spatial distribution. This result is in favor of a gas accretion scenario over a binary merger scenario to explain the origin of counter-rotation in IC 719. One source of gas that may have contributed to the accretion process is the cloud that surrounds IC 719.
Wunjunga midden: Late Holocene change, site preservation and open midden sites on the Central Queensland Coast

Abstract This paper presents excavation results from a midden site on the central Queensland coast at Wunjunga, dating to 1,500 BP, and examines the implications for Late Holocene coastal occupation and open site preservation. We propose that although there is clear evidence for environmental factors such as cyclonic events having heavily impacted open midden sites in the region in the Late Holocene, the apparent proliferation of post-500 BP sites in this part of the central coast is not solely a signature of a post-cyclonic landscape but may also be linked to broader socio-cultural changes.
An Algorithm Approach to Phantom Limb Pain

Abstract Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a common condition that occurs following both upper and lower limb amputation. First recognized and described in 1551 by Ambroise Pare, research into its underlying pathology and effective treatments remains a very active and growing field. To date, however, there is little consensus regarding the optimal management of phantom limb pain. With few large well-designed clinical trials of which to make treatment recommendations, as well as significant heterogeneity in clinical response to available treatments, the management of PLP remains challenging. Below we summarize the current state of knowledge in the field, as well as propose an algorithm for the approach to the treatment of PLP.
F-term Inflation and RSII Brane Mode

Considering hybrid F-term inflation in RSII model and using the most recent data from Planck 2018 and in comparison with Planck 2015and WMAP 9-year , we can obtain some interesting constraints on main parameters of the model. Also, we attain convenient compatibility between this model and observational data. We show that this setup provides a successful hybrid inflation with high enough Reheating Temperature, T_R, to have a successful thermalization. After inflation, particles are created in the process of preheating. Inflaton field(s) oscillated and fermionic field(s) interacted with it in a non-perturbative regime of parametric resonance. We apply theory of fermionic preheating coupling to the inflaton, without expansion of the universe, to calculate the occupation number of created particles analytically, and some interesting results are achieved.
Satisfaction with Surgical Procedures and Bladder Management of Chronic Spinal Cord Injured Patients with Voiding Dysfunction Who Desire Spontaneous Voiding

We aimed to investigate treatment outcome and satisfaction with bladder outlet surgeries and bladder management in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), voiding dysfunction, and to seek a spontaneous voiding or reflex voiding program. A total of 261 patients were included in this retrospective study. The mean age at surgical procedure was 49.2 ± 15.9 years; the median follow-up period was 11 (IQR 6, 17) years; 119 received a urethral Botox injection, 41 underwent transurethral incision of the bladder neck (TUI-BN), 77 underwent transurethral incision or resection of the prostate (TUI-P or TUR-P), and 24 had an external sphincterotomy. Satisfactory surgical outcome was reported by 80.5% of patients undergoing TUI-BN, 70.8% undergoing external sphincterotomy, 64.9% receiving TUI-P or TUR-P, and 59.7% receiving the urethral Botox injection. Persistent dysuria was the most common reason for dissatisfaction after the urethral Botox injection (73.1%) and TUI-BN (58.5%). Recurrent urinary tract infection continued in most patients after any type of surgery (all >75%). Most patients with SCI were satisfied with their initial bladder outlet operation in facilitating spontaneous voiding. However, repeat, or multiple surgical interventions were needed in 65.5% of SCI patients to achieve satisfactory voiding. A correct diagnosis is very important before every intervention and bladder management to reach the best satisfaction. VUDS is suggested before surgical procedures to ensure efficacy, even in patients with the same level of SCI.
FIRE-2 simulations: physics versus numerics in galaxy formation

The Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) project explores feedback in cosmological galaxy formation simulations. Previous FIRE simulations used an identical source code (“FIRE-1”) for consistency. Motivated by the development of more accurate numerics – including hydrodynamic solvers, gravitational softening, and supernova coupling algorithms – and exploration of new physics (e.g. magnetic fields), we introduce “FIRE-2”, an updated numerical implementation of FIRE physics for the GIZMO code. We run a suite of simulations and compare against FIRE-1: overall, FIRE-2 improvements do not qualitatively change galaxy-scale properties. We pursue an extensive study of numerics versus physics. Details of the star-formation algorithm, cooling physics, and chemistry have weak effects, provided that we include metal-line cooling and star formation occurs at higher-than-mean densities. We present new resolution criteria for high-resolution galaxy simulations. Most galaxy-scale properties are robust to numerics we test, provided: (1) Toomre masses are resolved; (2) feedback coupling ensures conservation, and (3) individual supernovae are time-resolved. Stellar masses and profiles are most robust to resolution, followed by metal abundances and morphologies, followed by properties of winds and circum-galactic media (CGM). Central (∼kpc) mass concentrations in massive (>L*) galaxies are sensitive to numerics (via trapping/recycling of winds in hot halos). Multiple feedback mechanisms play key roles: supernovae regulate stellar masses/winds; stellar mass-loss fuels late star formation; radiative feedback suppresses accretion onto dwarfs and instantaneous star formation in disks. We provide all initial conditions and numerical algorithms used.
Before spacetime: a proposal of a framework for multiverse quantum cosmology based on three cosmological conjectures

The three cosmological conjectures to which our work refers are: the phenomenon called geodesic incompleteness, the physical gravitational -term that would characterize the one-parameter family of inequivalent vacua of quantum gravidynamics, and the hypothesis of multiversality (Wilczek 2013 Class. Quantum Grav. 30 193001), more specifically, a zero-energy multiverse. The known cosmological phenomenology leads under plausible assumptions to theorems which establish that the universe is past incomplete (Borde A et al 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 151301; Vilenkin and Zhang 2014 J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP06(2014)034). Here, starting from Wilczek’s definition of multiverse (Wilczek 2013 Class. Quantum Grav. 30 193001) (a larger physical structure of which the universe forms part) and that spacetime is much larger than the observable universe, in a new sense suggested by these theorems, we place the observable universe, labelled by , within a multiverse ensemble, {}. Its topological -term would characterize the observable universe from the Planck epoch until the present time, and it could have physical effects in, for example, black-hole physics. Our proposal is therefore a possible framework for a multiverse quantum cosmology, in which the temporal parameters (see figures in the main text) start from a ‘timeless multiverse big bang’ (TLMBB), where all members of the multiverse ensemble, {}, disappear, together with their corresponding classical spacetimes. Since quantum cosmology can be viewed as one attempt among many to face with the question of finding a gravitational quantum theory, if the TLMBB were the appropriate ground to define the physical or mathematical underlying structure of quantum cosmology, then multiversality could come to have a predictive power within our observable universe.
Peculiarities of Pedagogical Internship Organization for Future Specialists of Foreign Philology in Blended Learning

The competitiveness of the professional training of future philologists depends on the opportunities for professional realization, due to the formation of specific competencies, one of which is the competency of teaching activities. The specified factor encourages the creation of students’ conditions to obtain opportunities for professional realization in the practical activity of a teacher in secondary education. The conditions of a prolonged pandemic require the correction of the implementation of any type of educational activity by transferring it to the mode of distance learning which causes the need for students’ special training for pedagogical activities in the conditions of the mixed and distance mode in work of a secondary education. The purpose of the article is to analyze the features of pedagogical internship organization for students of foreign philology in a mixed form of education. The methodology is the analysis of scientific approaches to the definition the concepts "pedagogical practice of future philologists", "distance learning", "information and communication technologies (ICT)"; results’ presentation in the organization of pedagogical practice for philology students; determination of effective means for implementing the practical activities of an English language teacher in the conditions of distance learning which is based on the results of the pedagogical practice for philology students. Results. The pedagogical practice of philology students is aimed at forming the practical skills necessary for teaching a foreign language, in particular in all types of speech activity: speaking, reading, writing, listening. The formation of students' abilities to take into account the peculiarities of the presentation of educational information and the practice of specific foreign language skills for learners in the conditions of distance learning acquires importance. The analysis of the options of several platforms for the implementation of distance learning of a foreign language revealed the greatest effectiveness of the ZOOM program which was confirmed among other things by its selection as a common platform for training by basic colleges in O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv (Ukraine). According to the results of pedagogical practice in the distance learning mode of the basic colleges, the need to correct the program of practices and the content of psychological and pedagogical disciplines and the methodology of teaching a foreign language, taking into account the characteristics of the teacher's activity in the conditions of the distance mode of work with the study group, was determined. In conclusion it should sum up that it is important to focus students on a clear distribution of time for the implementation of all types of speaking activities in a foreign language for students in the classroom and the reflection of these tools at specific stages of a lesson, taking into account the time of assessment and reflection.
Measurement of the Multi-TeV Gamma-Ray Flare Spectra of Markarian 421 and Markarian 501

The energy spectrum of Markarian 421 in flaring states has been measured from 0.3 to 10 TeV using both small and large zenith angle observations with the Whipple Observatory 10 m imaging telescope. The large zenith angle technique is useful for extending spectra to high energies, and the extraction of spectra with this technique is discussed. The resulting spectrum of Markarian 421 is fitted reasonably well by a simple power law: J(E)=E−2.54 ± 0.03 ± 0.10 photons m-1 s-1 TeV-1, where the first set of errors is statistical and the second set is systematic. This is in contrast to our recently reported spectrum of Markarian 501, which over a similar energy range has substantial curvature. The differences in TeV energy spectra of gamma-ray blazars reflect both the physics of the gamma-ray production mechanism and possibly differential absorption effects at the source or in the intergalactic medium. Since Markarian 421 and Markarian 501 have almost the same redshift (0.031 and 0.033, respectively), the difference in their energy spectra must be intrinsic to the sources and not due to intergalactic absorption, assuming the intergalactic infrared background is uniform.
Constraint to chiral invariant masses of nucleons from GW170817 in an extended parity doublet model

We construct nuclear matter based on an extended parity doublet model including four light nucleons $N(939)$, $N(1440)$, $N(1535)$, and $N(1650)$. We exclude some values of the chiral invariant masses by requiring the saturation properties of normal nuclear matter; saturation density, binding energy, incompressibility, and symmetry energy. We find further constraint to the chiral invariant masses from the tidal deformability determined by the observation of the gravitational waves from neutron star merger GW170817. Our result shows that the chiral invariant masses are larger than about $600\,$MeV. We also give some predictions on the symmetry energy and the slope parameters in the high density region, which will be measured in future experiments.
The 2-local Hamiltonian problem encompasses NP

We show that the NP-complete problems max cut and independent set can be formulated as the 2-local Hamiltonian problem as defined by Kitaev. The 5-local Hamiltonian problem was the first problem to be shown to be complete for the quantum complexity class QMA — the quantum analog of NP. Subsequently, it was shown that 3-locality is already sufficient for QMA-completeness. It is still not known whether the 2-local Hamiltonian problem is QMA-complete. Therefore it is interesting to determine what problems can be reduced to the 2-local Hamiltonian problem. Kitaev showed that 3-SAT can be formulated as a 3-local Hamiltonian problem. We extend his result by showing that 2-locality is sufficient in order to encompass NP.
Effect of dust size and structure on scattered-light images of protoplanetary discs

We study scattered light properties of protoplanetary discs at near-infrared wavelengths for various dust size and structure by performing radiative transfer simulations. We show that different dust structures might be probed by measuring disk polarisation fraction as long as the dust radius is larger than the wavelength. When the radius is larger than the wavelength, disc scattered light will be highly polarised for highly porous dust aggregates, whereas more compact dust structure tends to show low polarisation fraction. Next, roles of monomer radius and fractal dimension for scattered light colours are studied. We find that, outside the Rayleigh regime, as fractal dimension or monomer radius increases, colours of the effective albedo at near-infrared wavelengths vary from blue to red. Our results imply that discs showing grey or slightly blue colours and high polarisation fraction in near-infrared wavelengths might be explained by the presence of large porous aggregates containing sub-microns sized monomers.
Profiles of Strong Permitted Lines in Classical T Tauri Stars

We present a spectral analysis of 30 T Tauri stars observed with the Hamilton echelle spectrograph over more than a decade. One goal is to test magnetospheric accretion model predictions. Observational evidence previously published supporting the model, such as emission-line asymmetry and a high frequency of redshifted absorption components, are considered. We also discuss the relation between different line-forming regions and search for good accretion rate indicators. In this work we confirm several important points of the models, such as the correlation between accretion and outflow, broad emission components that are mostly central or slightly blueshifted, and only the occasional presence of redshifted absorption. We also show, however, that the broad emission components supposedly formed in the magnetospheric accretion flow only partially support the models. Unlike the predictions, they are sometimes redshifted and are mostly found to be symmetric. The published theoretical profiles do not have a strong resemblance to our observed ones. We emphasize the need for accretion models to include a strong turbulent component before their profiles will match the observations. The effects of rotation, as well as the outflow components, will also be needed to complete the picture.