Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study on impact of perioperative nutrition support in surgical gastroenterology patients in era of eras

Background: Preoperative malnutrition is common in surgical patients and has been associated with poor clinical outcomes. Aim and Objective: This study is undertaken to assess the role of perioperative nutrition on mortality and morbidity in surgical patients who are moderately and severely undernourished in Indian patients. Methodology: Prospective randomized control study, approved from budget committee and research methology and ethical committee of Nizam Institute of Medical Science was taken prior to the study. The patients will be interview within 24 hours of admission for information on nutritional status and disease severity according to the items in NRS -2002, the total NRS score is 0-7,with NRS >3 means no nutritional risk. All patients in nutrition intervention group in both moderately nourished and severely nourished group will receive enteral nutrition 7 days before surgery. Results: A total of 1315 consecutive patients admitted in department of surgical gastroenterology ward from January 2014 to July 2015 in Nizam institute of medical science are evaluated in the study for the nutrition status assessment.100 patients of severely malnourished and moderately malnourished patients were included in the study. Mean age of all the groups were 44.61-+13.5. NRS scores of moderately patients are with nutrition are 72% patients are score 3 and in moderately malnourished patients the NRS score of 56% are 3. Only one patient in the moderately malnourished patients received combined nutrition and 24 % of severely malnourished patients received either parenteral only or combined nutrition. Prealbumin levels are higher in moderately malnourished >15 mg/dl about 68% in moderately malnourished without nutrition and 72% in moderately malnourished with nutrition Prealbumin levels are in lower level in severly malnourished with >15 mg/dl in 52% on severely malnourished without patients and 44% in severely malnourished with nutrition in 44%. The blood loss is higher in the moderately malnourished group without nutrition but when compared between the groups of moderately nourished there is no significant difference in the blood loss. Conclusion: The present study does not favour the preoperative nutrition support in moderately malnourished group with NRS score 3 or 4 as there is no difference in the mortality and the morbidity and LOS.
A new alkaline earth metal tetra­fluoro­terephthalate: [Ba(tfBDC)(DMF)(EtOH)]

[Ba(C8F4O4)(C3H7NO)(C2H5OH)] or [Ba(tfBDC)(DMF)(EtOH)], where tfBDC2− = tetra­fluoro­terephthalate, DMF = di­methyl­formamide, EtOH = ethanol, systematic name poly[(di­methyl­formamide-1κO)(ethanol-1κO)(μ5-2,3,5,6-tetra­fluoro­benzene­dicarboxyl­ato-1:2κ2O1;1:3κ2O1′;4κO4;5κO4′)barium(II)], has been synthesized by a diffusion controlled synthesis from an EtOH/DMF solution. In the crystal structure two crystallographically independent Ba2+ cations are linked by two crystallographically distinct tfBDC2− anions to form a three-dimensional network structure. The coordination spheres of the first (CN = 8) and second (CN = 8) independent Ba cations are completed by the O atoms of DMF and EtOH mol­ecules, with both EtOH molecules being disordered over two sets of sites (occupancy ratio 0.7:0.3 and 0.6:0.4, respectively).
Timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in acute biliary pancreatitis without cholangitis: a nationwide inpatient cohort study

Background The timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis without cholangitis is unclear. We accessed a national database to analyze the outcomes of urgent (<24 h) and early (24-72 h) ERCP in this cohort. Methods The cohort was extracted from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. Hospital ERCP volumes were generated using unique hospital identifiers. Multivariate regression modeling was used to analyze the predictors of urgent vs. early ERCP use, and to determine various outcome variables between the 2 cohorts. Results Overall, 105,433 admissions were evaluated. There was a significant rise in urgent ERCP performed over the study period. Older patients, males, patients with comorbidities, African American and Hispanic patient populations were less likely to receive urgent ERCP. High ERCP volume hospitals, teaching hospitals, and hospitals in the Midwest and West were more likely to perform urgent ERCP. There were no differences in mortality rates or complication rates between the 2 cohorts. However, there were significant differences in length of stay and healthcare cost analysis. Conclusions The increasing use of urgent ERCP did not result in a clinically significant benefit in terms of mortality, length of stay, or healthcare cost analysis. The use of urgent ERCP is also not uniform across various demographic and hospital cohorts. Urgent ERCP may be over-utilized, and it may be reasonable to perform ERCP in this patient population based on the physician’s suspicion about the severity of disease.
Tracking the diffusion of industrial symbiosis scholarship using bibliometrics: Comparing across Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar

Previous bibliometric analyses of industrial symbiosis (IS) research have focused on a limited body of literature owing to the scope of keyword searches or limitations of library databases. This study seeks to apply bibliometrics to explore broader, epistemological questions, particularly about the structure and geospatial development of IS as a sub‐field of industrial ecology. We also evaluate the benefits of using Google Scholar, in addition to the conventional databases Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus, for better understanding academic domains. By using WoS and Scopus, 805 articles on IS that met our criteria were identified, published in 212 journals from 1995 through 2018. On average, the cumulative number of relevant articles grew at an exponential rate of 18% per year—more than double the estimated growth of global scientific output. We observed the largest increases in articles that: (1) model the material and energy flows in IS clusters; (2) propose strategies and ideas for implementing symbiosis; and (3) evaluate the performance of IS networks. By the end of 2018, 54 countries were featured in IS articles retrieved from WoS and Scopus, with China as the single most studied country. The analysis of Google Scholar suggested that it can capture more IS articles than the conventional databases owing to its unique characteristic of searching the entire text of documents rather than solely their metadata as with WoS and Scopus. Google Scholar revealed IS discourse from additional countries and disciplines previously omitted, enabling a more acute view of its patterns of diffusion.
Mean Muscle Attenuation within Paraspinal Muscle as a Determinant of Survival in Patients with Gastric Cancer Undergoing Gastrectomy

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic potential of skeletal muscle mass and muscle quality at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) using computerized tomography (CT) images in patients with stage I–III gastric cancer (GC) who underwent curative gastric resection.Methods: Patients with stage I–III GC who underwent curative gastric resection between October 2006 and June 2014 were enrolled in this study. Demographic and clinical parameters were collected and analyzed. The muscle-related parameters (MRPs), such as the area of total abdominal wall musculature (SMA), area of paraspinal muscle (PMA), mean muscle attenuation (MA) within the total abdominal wall musculature (SMMA), and MA in the paraspinal muscle (PMMA), were measured at the L3 level using CT images. The Kaplan-Meier curve analyses and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to the MRPs, demographic, and clinical parameters to explore the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results: Overall, data from 339 patients (233 men and 116 women) were analyzed in this study. In the multivariate Cox model, the elderly (hazard ratio [HR] 2.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–3.32, p=0.002), total gastrectomy (HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.32–3.48, p=0.002), stage (HR 3.41, 95% CI 2.10–5.54, p<0.001), perineural invasion (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.02–3.93, p=0.042), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.88–0.95, p<0.001), and PMMA (HR 2.36, 95% CI 1.47–3.78), p<0.001) were prognostic factors for OS. Similarly, the elderly (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.09–2.59, p=0.018), total gastrectomy (HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.37–3.38, p<0.001, stage (HR 4.16, 95% CI 2.64–6.54, p<0.001), PNI (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.87–0.94, p<0.001), and PMMA (HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.42–3.47, p<0.001) were prognostic factors for DFS.Conclusions: PMMA is suggested as a determinant of OS and DFS in stage I through III GC patients who underwent gastrectomy. Because PMMA is a newly characterized parameter in GC, external validation before clinical applications is a prerequisite.
Hazard identification of coal fly ash leachate using a battery of cyto-genotoxic and biochemical tests in Allium cepa

ABSTRACT Leaching of heavy metals from coal fly ash dumpsites is an environmental threat often polluting both groundwater and surface water. This led to a detailed investigation on the cyto-genotoxicity and oxidative stress associated with the fly ash leachate (FL). Allium cepa L. bulbs were exposed to three concentrations of FL. Response to FL resulted in a reduction of root growth, inhibition of cell viability by up to 50%, and decrease in mitotic indices (control: 10.27; FA:water 1:4–4.52) with increased frequency of chromosome aberrations (5.7 fold) and bi-nucleate cells. Results of comet assay indicated that approximately sixfold increase in genotoxicity of FL was congruent with the endpoints of oxidative stress evaluated. The malondialdehyde content, superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activities were elevated in the treated plants in a dose dependent manner. The elemental analysis of FL showed the presence of heavy metals like cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). The study demonstrated that FL can cause adverse effects to the plants. Therefore, the disposal of coal fly ash should be handled with caution and prevented from contaminating the surroundings.
New Indices Determining Heavy Metals Migration in a Sewage Sludge

Abstract The four step procedure developed by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) is the optimum means of identifying heavy metal fractions in sewage sludge samples. Using the BCR procedure enables to get the date basing on which one can calculate metal stability index which supplies information on the strength of metal bonds with mineral organic soil components. Unfortunately, very popular formulae describing this index do not possess any theoretical justification and do not generate all values in the range of [0; 1]. Hence, in this paper one has presented new formulae describing not only the stability index but also a strictly connected with it the mobility index. In addition, one has suggested that these new formulae depend on the Equivalent Population (EP) indicator.
SPRUCE WOOD LIGNIN ALTERATIONS AFTER INFRARED HEATING AT DIFFERENT WOOD MOISTURES

Spruce wood (Picea abies L.) boards with dimensions of 23x80x700 mm were thermally loaded by nfrared heating at initial moisture values of 9% and 25%, respectively. The heat caused the colour alteration of wood, alongwith the increase of the lignin and extractives amount and decrease of the amount of methoxyl groups in lignin. Alterations of dioxan lignin were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Simultaneous depolymerisation and condensation reactions take place, due to temperature influence. At lower temperatures, lignin is predominantly degraded (mainly the βalkylarylether bonds cleave) while, at higher temperatures, the condensation reactions are dominant, being accompanied by diphenylmethane structures formation. The moisture content of 9% has a higher influence on alterations than a moisture value of 25%.
Distribution of polyprenol and dolichol in oil palm genotype (Elaeis guineensis) involving lipase activity

Abstract. Habsyah TS, Basyuni M, Siregar LAM, Afandi D, Syahputra I. 2021. Distribution of polyprenol and dolichol in oil palm genotype (Elaeis guineensis) involving lipase activity. Biodiversitas 22: 830-837. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of chemical compounds from the polyisoprenoid group in oil palm plants that were contributing to the lipase activity. The study was conducted in two locations. A sampling of leaves and fruit mesocarp from 90 progenies was conducted at PT. Socfin Indonesia Aek Loba Plantation, Asahan District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biochemical analysis of polyisoprenoid was carried out at the Forest Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The results showed that the total lipids in leaves tissue ranged from 0.40 to 1.032 mg/g, with the lowest total lipid found in SL-4966 progeny and the highest total lipid found in SL-9737 progeny. Polyisoprenoid values ​​ranged from 1.63 to 10.82 mg/g dry weight. The highest polyisoprenoid content was obtained in SL-10682 progeny, and the lowest was in SL-5045 progeny leaf tissue. The polyisoprenoid ​​in fruit mesocarp tissue ranged from 1.79 to 4.14 mg/g. The lowest polyisoprenoid content (1.79 mg/g) of fruit mesocarp was found in SL-4233 progeny, while the highest (4.14 mg/g) was found in SL-5010 progeny. Dolichol and polyprenol are equally dominant in palm leaves. Carbon polyprenol chain lengths ranged from C45-C105, and dolichol ranged from C50-C110. The polyprenol carbon chain lengths in the mesocarp tissues were C65-C120 and dolichol was C65-C125. Polyisoprenoid analysis on oil palm leaf and fruit mesocarp tissue showed that lipid patterns of oil palm leaf and mesocarp were categorized as type II lipid patterns. It provides important information for selecting genotypes of low lipase activity of oil palm plants.
Ratios between aboveground net primary production, litterfall and carbon stocks in scots pine stands (Russia)

Background: Forests are the main terrestrial regulators of greenhouse gas concentrations. However, estimates of carbon fluxes in them are characterized by large uncertainties. Therefore, the derivation of predictors for their assessment is an urgent task. The aim was to assess the carbon stocks in the biomass to characterize the intensity of aboveground net production and the amount of litterfall in Scots pine forests of different types on the North-East of the Europe. We estimated biomass and aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of stands using sample trees. For vegetation of ground cover biomass and primary production evaluating, we cut off all aboveground organs on an area of 625 cm 2 and removed the first-year parts. Litterfall was collected over 3–6 years using litter traps. Results: Most of the carbon in the biomass of pine forests is concentrated in trees (C stand ) with dominating role of stem wood. However, in boggy forests, ground vegetation plays a significant role in carbon stocks, both in absolute and relative values. We estimated carbon fluxes in ANPP and stand litterfall. High contribution of needles was detected for these flows. The ratio between ANPP and C stand varied from 0.018 to 0.056 but between Litterfal and C stand ranged from 0.008 to 0.024. Conclusion: The biomass, ANPP and litterfall depended form forest type. Obtained ratios between them can be used for assessing carbon fluxes in large regions using remote data collection of forest biomass.
Drug Promotion and Self-Medication Practices in Lagos, Nigeria

The study examines the effects of drug promotional practices and self-medication behaviour on public health in Lagos. It used a multistage sampling method to select 315 respondents. The researcher selected 12 in-depth interviewees and six focus group discussants to provide qualitative data based on his knowledge of their relevance. The data were analyzed. The logistic regression analysis indicated that drug promotions were less than once more likely to trigger self-medication behaviour among residents relative to being a rule-breaking activity. The study concludes that self-medication endangers public health in Lagos. It suggests the partnership of the stakeholders to promote public drug education, provide free healthcare for all, and criminalize unethical drug promotion practices in Lagos.
Surveillance System in Smart Cities: A Dependability Evaluation Based on Stochastic Models

Surveillance monitoring systems are highly necessary, aiming to prevent many social problems in smart cities. The internet of things (IoT) nowadays offers a variety of technologies to capture and process massive and heterogeneous data. Due to the fact that (i) advanced analyses of video streams are performed on powerful recording devices; while (ii) surveillance monitoring services require high availability levels in the way that the service must remain connected, for example, to a connection network that offers higher speed than conventional connections; and that (iii) the trust-worthy dependability of a surveillance system depends on various factors, it is not easy to identify which components/devices in a system architecture have the most impact on the dependability for a specific surveillance system in smart cities. In this paper, we developed stochastic Petri net models for a surveillance monitoring system with regard to varying several parameters to obtain the highest dependability. Two main metrics of interest in the dependability of a surveillance system including reliability and availability were analyzed in a comprehensive manner. The analysis results show that the variation in the number of long-term evolution (LTE)-based stations contributes to a number of nines (#9s) increase in availability. The obtained results show that the variation of the mean time to failure (MTTF) of surveillance cameras exposes a high impact on the reliability of the system. The findings of this work have the potential of assisting system architects in planning more optimized systems in this field based on the proposed models.
Food Web Structure and Trophic Interactions Revealed by Stable Isotope Analysis in the Midstream of the Chishui River, a Tributary of the Yangtze River, China

Understanding energy flow and nutrient pathways is crucial to reveal the dynamics and functions of riverine ecosystems and develop appropriate conservation strategies. In this study, we utilized stable isotopes of δ13C and δ15N to examine the fundamental characteristics of trophic position, trophic niche, and carbon source for the food web in the midstream of the Chishui River, a tributary to the Yangtze River. Our results showed that stable isotope signatures among different sorts of basal resources and consumers were significantly distinguishable and that the food chain consisted of four trophic levels, indicating the multiple trophic pathways and long food chain length here. The trophic guilds of fish were classified into four categories, in which herbivorous and carnivorous fish showed greater trophic diversity and omnivorous fish had higher trophic redundancy, which meant that there was a stable trophic niche structure in the study area. Phytoplankton and periphyton presented the largest contributions to consumers, indicating that autochthonous productivity was the dominant carbon source in the midstream of the Chishui River. Since the Chishui River is still in a natural condition without any dam constructions, the autochthonous productivity, stable trophic niche structure, multiple trophic pathways and long food chain length found here demonstrate its high conservation value. Therefore, the strategy to refrain from damming on this river should persist into the future.
An Analytical Review on State-of-the-Art Microgrid Protective Relaying and Coordination Techniques

In recent years, a trend of shifting from traditional power grids to modern smart grids has emerged the formation of microgrids (MGs), connecting low-voltage distributed generation (DG) units, loads and local storage apparatus to the medium voltage distribution system. This revolution in power distribution systems has pledged ample advantages for customers including reliability, quality, and efficiency of generated power. Furthermore, it also eliminates the necessity to construct long transmission lines resulting in cost saving and reduced power losses. In contrary to the benefits provided by MGs, protection of these entities is an enormously perplexing procedure predominantly due to dynamic behavior of MGs, bidirectional power flow, and high penetration of inverter-interfaced DG sources that interferes the conventional operation and coordination of protection relays. This article presents an analytical appraisal on state-of-the-art protection techniques to address problems associated with the MG protection. Advantages and disadvantages of each protection technique, as well as proper selection of protective relays suitable for each protection zone are discussed. Recommendations on protection procedures and effective techniques be employed to resolve the MG protection issues are also presented.
Impact‐related thermal effects on the redox state of Ca‐pyroxene

Oxidation is observed in Ca‐pyroxene subjected to a range of shock pressures (21–59 GPa). Changes in the pyroxene redox ratio as measured by the changes in %Fe3+ ranged from 2–6 times the starting composition. Mössbauer and reflectance spectroscopy record the changing Fe3+ concentration as a preferential oxidation of Fe2+ in the M2 crystallographic site. The oxidation is also accompanied by mechanical changes in the pyroxene crystals including fracturing, linear defects, and twinning. As oxygen fugacity is often calculated using mineral redox ratios and thought to represent the prevailing fO2 during crystallization, it is imperative to recognize that the fO2 values measured in impact‐derived materials may represent that of the impact and not the magma source region.
Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Myrianthus arboreus

This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical compositions and in vitro antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extract of Myrianthus arboreus plant. The phytochemical analysis was determined using standard laboratory methods and the in vitro antioxidant properties assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and Reducing Power assay. The leaf extract showed the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and total phenol. These phytochemicals are in varying concentrations: saponins (2.05±0.02mg/g), flavonoids (0.33 ± 0.02mg/g), alkaloids (0.02±0.00mg/g), tannins (5.32 ± 0.01mg/g), total phenol (11.02 ± 1.00mg/g) and glycosides (0.48 ± 0.00mg/g). Also, the result of the antioxidant studies revealed that the percentage inhibition of Myrianthus arboreus aqueous leaf extract against free radical at different concentrations of 125µg/ml, 100µg/ml, 75µg/ml, 50µg/ml and 25µg/ml for both assays gave 74.4% and 64.5% respectively as compared to the standard (Ascorbic acid) values of 101.0% and 94.1%. Thus, the antioxidant activity of the extract was significant (p 50 ) of Myrianthus arboreus leaf extract is lower than the standard ascorbic acid and therefore suggests that it is a potent antioxidant capable of scavenging excess free radicals. In conclusion, it can be deduced that the phytochemical compositions especially the total phenols which are higher in concentration when compared with other phytochemicals are responsible for the antioxidant properties of the plant and can invariably serve as natural supplements of antioxidant in foods and pharmaceutical products.