Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cartographie de la diversité des sols viticoles de versant par imagerie à haute résolution : contribution à la connaissance des terroirs

Les versants viticoles en Cote-d’Or (Bourgogne, France) presentent une forte diversite de sols resultant d’interactions entre des facteurs naturels et des facteurs anthropiques operant a diverses echelles spatio-temporelles. Le sol represente un enjeu majeur en viticulture, car il determine en partie la qualite de la production viticole. Or, il est soumis a d’importantes degradations causees par l’erosion. Pour mieux gerer ce patrimoine sol et perenniser la viticulture cote d’orienne, une meilleure connaissance de celui-ci est necessaire. Ce travail a pour objectifs de caracteriser les sols viticoles et d’identifier les facteurs qui contribuent a leur diversite par une approche interdisciplinaire croisant la geologie, la geomorphologie, la pedologie, l’histoire de l’occupation du sol et des pratiques. Les donnees ont ete acquises a tres haute resolution spatiale a partir de diverses methodes d’imagerie i.e. teledetection par imagerie, geophysique de subsurface et modele numerique de terrain. A l’echelle du versant, les cartes pedologiques produites a grande echelle permettent de discuter du modele d’organisation des sols. A l’echelle de la parcelle, ces cartes mettent en evidence l’impact de l’homme sur la diversite des sols, par son role sur la structure du parcellaire et l’intensite de l’erosion notamment. La diversite des sols viticoles depend de l’echelle spatiale a laquelle ils sont observes. A l’echelle du versant, les sols evoluent en fonction des variations du substrat geologique et de la topographie, suivant le modele de topolithosequence. A l’echelle de la parcelle, les variations du sol, telles que son epaisseur et son statut organique, peuvent etre apprehendees, permettant d’en predire le comportement agronomique. L’influence de l’homme se marque a la fois sur la structure du parcellaire et par les pratiques culturales anciennes et actuelles. Il participe ainsi a la construction des terroirs, a travers son action sur la diversite des sols.
30 Days Randomized Ginger Ingestion on Blood Lipid and Sugar Levels in Hypertensive Older Women

Gingers is widely used as the complimentary household herbal medicine since it promotes varieties of health-protective effects including anti-hyperlipidemia and anti-hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 30-day ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae) ingestion on lipid and glucose profiles and blood pressures in hypertensive older women. The randomized double-blinded ginger consumption was designed in normotensive and hypertensive older women. Thirty-two female volunteers were randomly allocated into 4 groups of normotensives and hypertensives without and with ginger consumption, named as normotensive control (NC); normotensive with ginger consumption (NG); hypertensive control (HC) and hypertensive with ginger consumption (HG). On daily basis, the ginger-treated groups (NG and HG) ingested ginger powder at 75 mg/kgBW/day dissolved in 150 mL water after breakfast whereas control groups (NC and HC) received 150 mL water only for 30 days. Data were collected, in the morning, at pre-and post-intervention. Blood lipids, including cholesterol (chol), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and low density lipoproteins (LDL), glucose levels and blood pressures were evaluated and compared from pre-and post-interventions. The results showed that 30-day ingestion of ginger exerted no change in normotensive groups, where alterations of blood lipid profiles were found in hypertensive groups. Both hypertensive groups (HC and HG) showed the significant reductions in SBP ( p < 0.05), however, HC showed significantly increase in blood TG and LDL. HG group showed the reduction in TG and unchanged in LDL. There were no significant differences in chol, HDL, glucose levels and health-related performance from either within or between-groups comparisons ( p > 0.05). This study primarily shows the minimal duration of 30-day ingestion of dissolved ginger on lowering systolic blood pressure and triglycerides but plays no roles in glycemic control in hypertensive subjects. Ginger might possibly play an important alternative role in alleviating certain health risks in the hypertensive aged females. To build up confidence on its therapeutic effect, more sample size of this local herb is needed in further investigation.
The intergenerational transmission of cognitive and non-cognitive abilities

We study the intergenerational transmission of cognitive and non-cognitive abilities between parents and sons using population-wide enlistment data. Conscripts are evaluated at the same age and with comparable methods across cohorts, and we correct for measurement error bias in fathers‘ ability measures by using their brothers‘ abilities as instruments. The ―uncle instrument‖ is supported by a host of validity tests. This strategy also enables us to predict mothers‘ abilities. Our results suggest that previous estimates of intergenerational ability correlations are biased downwards; in particular for non-cognitive skills. When this bias is corrected for, the non-cognitive correlation is close to that of cognitive abilities. Using predicted abilities, we further find the motherson cognitive ability correlation to be stronger than the father-son correlation. Finally, educational attainment and labor market outcomes of both sons and daughters are found to be strongly related to both parents‘ cognitive and non-cognitive abilities.
The Review of Regional Studies Accounting for Spatial Autocorrelation in the 2004 Presidential Popular Vote: A Reassessment of the Evidence

: Ordinary least squares econometric approaches to estimating election vote outcomes potentially ignore spatial dependence (or autocorrelation) in the data that may affect estimates of voting behavior. The presence of spatial autocorrelation in the data can yield biased or inconsistent point estimates when ordinary least squares is used inappropriately. Therefore, this paper puts forward a spatial econometric model to estimate the vote outcomes in the 2004 presidential election. We contribute to the literature in two ways. One, we extend the voting behavior literature by considering newly developed spatial specification tests to determine the proper econometric model. The results of two different spatial specification tests suggest that a spatial Durbin model provides a better fit to the data. Two, we offer a richer interpretation of the spatial effects, which differ from standard ordinary least squares estimates, of the county-level vote outcome for the 2004 presidential election.
Legumes for efficient utilization of summer fallow

The uncertainty of the favorable climate for continuous farming in many regions of the world limits food production for catering to the needs of the increasing population and changing food consumption patterns. Arid and semiarid regions of the world are considered dryland farming regions. The unreliable and highly variable rainfall pattern, drought, unproductive lands, high evapotranspiration (20–25% of the total water use) and salt deposition in the soil are the main challenges in these regions. They found different ways to sustain their production sustainably. Of these, fallow cropping is a primary one and has been employed successfully to alleviate the challenges caused by unfavorable climate for farming. The traditional fallow system (weed fallow or bare fallow) is the oldest technique wherein the land is left uncultivated for a certain period to restore the soil nutrient status and soil moisture. However, during this period land is unproductive thus not profitable for the farmers and it takes a longer time for the restoration. This practice was suitable for the earlier era where there was not much pressure on the agriculture sector for food production. Later this practice was replaced by an improved fallow system. In improved fallow, selected crops based on their beneficial characteristics were grown and managed during the fallow period. This approach not only provides additional income but also restore the land faster than the bare fallow. The crops species employed in the fallow system decides the degree of success and therefore, legume crops are highly favored for this purpose as they provide various benefits. Adaptation of legume crops has been practiced for a long time in the fallow cropping system with great success. It is well suited for a fallow system due to the following reasons; biological nitrogen fixation, moderate drought tolerance,
A Simulation of Social Pensions in Europe

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact in terms of poverty and cost of the introduction of social (or non-contributory) pensions in Europe. We use data from the household survey EU-SILC and focus on 17 countries. We simulate - in a static framework - the introduction of two social pension schemes: universal and means tested social pensions. We see that the old-age poverty would substantially decrease (average poverty rate goes from 19.7 to 2.5 per cent with the universal scheme) but not totally, even though the level of the universal pension is set up to the poverty line. The impact on poverty with the means tested social pension is quite similar (though always smaller) than the one with the universal pension, since most elderly have few other income sources than pensions. On the opposite, it costs less. In fact, the means test reduces substantially the number of entitled elderly while the universal pension leads to a 'leakage' to non-poor elderly.
University of Birmingham On solution-free sets of integers II

Given a linear equation L , a set A ⊆ [ n ] is L -free if A does not contain any ‘non-trivial’ solutions to L . We determine the precise size of the largest L -free subset of [ n ] for several general classes of linear equations L of the form px + qy = rz for ﬁxed p, q, r ∈ N where p ≥ q ≥ r . Further, for all such linear equations L , we give an upper bound on the number of maximal L -free subsets of [ n ]. In the case when p = q ≥ 2 and r = 1 this bound is exact up to an error term in the exponent. We make use of container and removal lemmas of Green [12] to prove this result. Our results also extend to various linear equations with more than three variables.
Eﬀect of irradiation on total biophenol and antioxidant activity quantity during storage of natural black table olives obtained using starter culture

In this study, It was aimed to determine the eﬀects of diﬀerent production and preservation methods on the shelf life and quality of the Gemlik variety natural black table olives produced with low salt (2%). For this purpose the olives processed with traditional Turkis turning black olive using starter culture The MAP (Modiﬁed athmosphere packaging), vacuum and gamma irradiation method (1, 3 and 5 kGy) was applied for the ﬁrst time in the preservation of table olives. The reducing eﬀect of 5 kGy dose on total phenolic substance and DPPH antioxidant activity was found to be higher than other doses. During storage, pH (4.30-4.83) and titratable acidity (0.68-1.02%) values of black table olives changed in normal course. At the and of the fermentation and storage, total phenolic substance and DPPH antioxidant activity decreased and were found statistically signiﬁcant (p<0.01). During the storage period, the total amount of phenolic matter in olives in normal production (without starter culture) decreased from 232 to 144 mgCAE/100g and in starter culture added table olives from 200 to 138 mgCAE/100g. As a result of the study, it was ensured that table black olives produced with less salt (2%) could be stored on the shelves for at least 6 months without using any preservatives. In addition, radiation eﬀect on quality was relatively similar to other applications.
The influence of canopy snow parameterizations on snow albedo feedback in boreal forest regions

Variation in snow albedo feedback (SAF) among Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 climate models has been shown to explain much of the variation in projected 21st century warming over Northern Hemisphere land. Prior studies using observations and models have demonstrated both considerable spread in the albedo and a negative bias in the simulated strength of SAF, over snow‐covered boreal forests. Boreal evergreen needleleaf forests are capable of intercepting snowfall throughout the winter and consequently exert a significant impact on seasonal surface albedo. Two satellite data products and tower‐based observations of albedo are compared with simulations from multiple versions of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4) to investigate the causes of weak simulated SAF over the boreal forest. The largest bias occurs in April and May, when simulated SAF is one half the strength of SAF in observations. This is traced to two features of the canopy snow parameterizations used in the land model. First, there is no mechanism for the dynamic removal of snow from the canopy when temperatures are below freezing, which results in albedo values in midwinter that are biased high. Second, when temperatures do rise above freezing, all snow on the canopy is melted instantaneously, which results in an unrealistically early transition from a snow‐covered to a snow‐free canopy. These processes combine to produce large differences between simulated and observed monthly albedo and are the source of the weak bias in SAF. This analysis highlights the importance of canopy snow parameterizations for simulating the hemispheric scale climate response to surface albedo perturbations.
Mobile 2.0: crossing the border into formal learning?

Many practitioners are looking for ways to bring the vitality of Mobile 2.0—for example, social networking via a mobile phone (cellphone), or photo sharing on a mobile blog—into formal learning and teaching. But they face a complex and even paradoxical challenge: how can they harness that vitality without stifling its most distinctive feature—the fact that it is user led? This chapter begins with an analysis of that paradox as a foundation for understanding the challenges that practitioners face now and in the future. Drawing on data from interviews with six experienced tertiary practitioners, the authors describe and analyze a number of examples that point to the particular power of mobile devices to blur formal and informal activity in people’s lives. The aim is to look beyond the hype around innovations in mobile devices and connectivity to focus on the opportunities for practitioners to bend the arc of Mobile 2.0 to the needs of their learners.
Simultaneity and Asymmetry of Returns and Volatilities in the Emerging Baltic State Stock Exchanges

The paper suggests a nonlinear and multivariate time series model framework that enables the study of simultaneity in returns and in volatilities, as well as asymmetric effects arising from shocks and an outside stock exchange. Using daily data 2000-2006 for the Baltic state stock exchanges and that of Moscow we find recursive structures with Riga directly depending in returns on Tallinn and Vilnius, and Tallinn on Vilnius. For volatilities both Riga and Vilnius depend on Tallinn. In addition, we find evidence of asymmetric effects arising in Moscow and in Baltic state shocks on both returns and volatilities.
Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain

: Pain is a complex stressor that presents a significant challenge to most aspects of functioning and contributes to substantial physical, psychological, occupational, and financial cost, particularly in its chronic form. As medical intervention frequently cannot resolve pain completely, there is a need for management approaches to chronic pain, including psychological intervention. Psychotherapy for chronic pain primarily targets improvements in physical, emotional, social, and occupational functioning rather than focusing on resolution of pain itself. However, psychological therapies for chronic pain differ in their scope, duration, and goals, and thus show distinct patterns of treatment efficacy. These therapies fall into four categories: operant-behavioral therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy. The current article explores the theoretical distinctiveness, therapeutic targets, and effectiveness of these approaches as well as mechanisms and individual differences that factor into treatment response and pain-related dysfunction and distress. Implications for future research, dissemination of treatment, and the integration of psychological principles with other treatment modalities are also discussed.
The effects of interspecies interactions and environmental conditions on biomass accumulation of sessile organisms within Oregon’s rocky mid-intertidal habitats

approved: ______________________________________ Bruce Menge With changing climate conditions and human impacts on ecosystems becoming a big focus of study, it has become even more crucial to understand how our ecosystems work. Community structure within rocky intertidal habitats is governed by a mix of environmental conditions and species interactions. This project examined the effects of different treatments designed to test three different methods of interspecies interaction: predation, competition, and facilitation. We then examined the data in relation to the sites where the samples were collected using MANOVA and linear-contrast analysis. We found that biomass of barnacles, mussels, and algae often tended to be similar in different treatments, suggesting that interspecies interactions were overall fairly weak. The site of origin, on the other hand, had a consistent effect in determining biomass, with a general pattern of northern sites accumulating more biomass than southern sites. We believe that this is due to the interaction between upwelling strength and the width of the continental shelf along the Oregon coast with regard to the roles they play in nutrient, phytoplankton, and larval retention, leading to differences in growth rates.
W&M ScholarWorks W&M ScholarWorks

Understanding the ecological interactions that enhance the resilience of threatened ecosystems is essential in assuring their conservation and restoration. Top-down trophic interactions can increase resilience to bottom-up nutrient enrichment, however, as many seagrass ecosystems are threatened by both eutrophication and trophic modi ﬁ cations, understanding how these processes interact is important. Using a combination of approaches, we explored how bottom-up and top-down processes, acting individually or in conjunction, can affect eelgrass meadows and associated communities in the northern Baltic Sea. Field surveys along with ﬁ sh diet and stable isotope analyses revealed that the eelgrass trophic network included two main top predatory ﬁ sh species, each of which feeds on a separate group of invertebrate mesograzers (crustaceans or gastropods). Mesograzer abundance in the study area was high, and capable of mitigating the effects of increased algal biomass that resulted from experimental nutrient enrichment in the ﬁ eld. When crustacean mesograzers were experimentally excluded, gastropod mesograzers were able to
BEHAVIOR OF SOIL-CEMENT IN REPEATED COMPRESSION AND FLEXURE

RESULTS ARE PRESENTED OF AN INVESTIGATION OF THE BEHAVIOR OF SOIL-CEMENT SUBJECTED TO REPEATED LOADS OF SUBFAILURE MAGNITUDE IN BOTH COMPRESSION AND FLEXURE AND OF THE RESULTANT EFFECTS ON STRENGTH AND DEFORMATION PROPERTIES. THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES, THE RESILIENCE CHARACTERISTICS, AND THE FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF TWO TYPES OF SOIL-CEMENT / A SILTY CLAY AND A SAND/ UNDER THE ACTION OF BOTH REPEATED COMPRESSIVE AND FLEXURAL STRESSES WERE INVESTIGATED. THE CONCLUSIONS ARE SUMMARIZED AS FOLLOWS'/1/ UNDER CONSTANT REPEATED STRESS, THE MODULUS OF RESILIENT DEFORMATION IN BOTH COMPRESSION AND FLEXURE AT A GIVEN NUMBER OF LOAD APPLICATIONS IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO DRY DENSITY FOR ESM- CEMENT SAMPLES, /2/ THE MODULUS OF RESILIENT DEFORMATION OF SOIL-CEMENT IN REPEATED COMPRESSION IS GREATLY AFFECTED BY THE MAGNITUDE OF THE STRESS INTENSITY, /3/ RESULTS FROM THE REPEATED FLEXURE TESTS INDICATE THAT THE RESILIENT DEFORMATION REMAINS ALMOST UNCHANGED WITH RESPECT TO NUMBER OF LOAD APPLICATIONS, EVEN AT APPLIED STRESS INTENSITIES VERY CLOSE TO THE LIMITING VALUE WHICH CAUSES FATIGUE FAILURE, /4/ THE LONGER THE CURING PERIOD BEFORE THE START OF REPEATED COMPRESSION, THE GREATER THE MIMIMUM RESILIENT MODULUS FOR A REPEATED LOADING STRESS EQUAL TO A GIVEN PERCENTAGE OF THE INITIAL STRENGTH, /5/ SOAKED SAMPLES YIELD SMALLER VALUES OF RESILIENT MODULUS THAN UNSOAKED SAMPLES WHEN SUBJECTED TO THE SAME MAGNITUDE OF REPEATED LOADING STRESS, /6/ THE VALUES OF MODULUS OF RESILIENT DEFORMATION ARE SEVERAL TIMES GREATER IN COMPRESSION THAN IN FLEXURE, EXCEPT IN VSC-CEMENT SAMPLES COMPACTED WET OF OPTIMUM WHERE ESSENTIALLY THE SAME VALUES OF MODULUS ARE RECORDED IN BOTH TYPES OF TESTS, /7/ THE VALUES OF MODULUS OF RUPTURE RANGE FROM ONE-FOURTH TO ONE-HALF OF THE VALUES OF UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, /8/ THE STRAIN AT FAILURE IN FLEXURE IS ONLY ABOUT 5 TO 15 PERCENT OF THAT IN COMPRESSION, /9/ THE TANGENT MODULUS AS DETERMINED BY STATIC TESTS IS GREATER IN FLEXURE THAN IN COMPRESSION, /10/ THE MINIMUM STRESS INTENSITY REQUIRED TO CAUSE FATIGUE FAILURE IN VSC-CEMENT SAMPLES IS ABOUT 90 PERCENT OF THE STRENGTH OF THE SAMPLE BOTH IN COMPRESSION AND IN FLEXURE, WHEREAS IN ESM-CEMENT SAMPLES THE MINIMUM STRESS INTENSITY IS AROUND 75 PERCENT OF THE STRENGTH IN FLEXURE.
Comptes Rendus Mathématique

We propose a simple criterion, inspired from the irreducible aperiodic Markov chains, to derive the exponentialconvergenceofgeneralpositivesemigroups.Whennotcheckableonthewholestatespace,itcan be combined to the use of Lyapunov functions. It di ﬀ ers from the usual generalization of irreducibility and is based on the accessibility of the trajectories of the underlying dynamics. It allows to obtain new existence results of principal eigenelements, and their exponential attractiveness, for a nonlocal selection-mutation population dynamics model deﬁned in a space-time varying environment. Résumé. Nous proposons une condition simple, inspirée des notions d’irréductibilité et d’apériodicité pour leschaînesdeMarkov,quipermetd’assurerlaconvergenceexponentielledesemi-groupespositifsgénéraux. Lorsque celle-ci ne s’applique pas sur tout l’espace, elle peut être localisée via l’utilisation de fonctions de Lyapunov.Elledi ﬀ èredesgénéralisationshabituellesdel’irréductibilitéetestbaséesurlanotiond’accessibi-lité
Effect of Chia ( Saliva Hispanic L .) Seeds on Hypercholesterolemic Rats.

: The present study was designed to study the effect of chia seeds powder on hepatic rats. Thirty six adult male albino rats were used in this study, weighting (150  10g) were divided into six groups, six rats each. One of them was kept as a control – ve group, while the other five groups were injected by 1.5% cholesterol for 21 days to induce hypercholesterolemia disorder. One of them was kept as a control (+) group and the other four groups treated with chia seeds powder at concentrations 1.5%, 3%, 4.5% and 6% from the main diet. Body weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency ratio, serum lipid profiles (TG, TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c and HDL-c), serum glucose, serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP) and kidney functions (creatinine, uric acid and urea levels) were determined. From the obtained results it could be concluded that feeding on chia seeds powder caused significant (P≤0.05) increase in HDL - c, but with significant (P≤0.05) decreases in body weight gain, liver functions, kidney functions, lipid profile and serum glucose as compared with control (+ve) group, which reflects the powerful nutraceutical therapeutic effect for feeding on chia seeds powder for treatment hypercholesterolemia disorder in rats. The best results recorded for 6% chia seeds powder.