Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decorin Promotes Osteoblastic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

The aim of this study is to clarify the biological functions of decorin (DCN) in the healing and regeneration of wounded periodontal tissue. We investigated the expression pattern of DCN during the healing of wounded periodontal tissue in rats by immunohistochemistry and the effects of DCN on the osteoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells (HPDLSCs) and preosteoblasts by Alizarin red S staining, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions, and western blotting. The expression of DCN was increased around the wounded PDL tissue on day 5 after surgery compared with the nonwounded PDL tissue, whereas its expression was not changed in the osteoblastic layer around the wounded alveolar bone. Furthermore, DCN promoted the osteoblastic differentiation of HPDLSCs, but it did not affect the osteoblastic differentiation of preosteoblasts. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was upregulated during the DCN-induced osteoblastic differentiation of HPDLSCs. DCN did not affect proliferation, migration, or the PDL-related gene expression of HPDLSCs. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that DCN has a role in the healing of wounded periodontal tissue. Furthermore, DCN secreted from PDL cells may contribute to bone healing by upregulating osteoblastic differentiation through ERK1/2 signaling in HPDLSCs, indicating a therapeutic effect of DCN in periodontal tissue regeneration.
Benefits of Circulating Human Metabolites from Fish Cartilage Hydrolysate on Primary Human Dermal Fibroblasts, an Ex Vivo Clinical Investigation for Skin Health Applications

Due to its significant exposure to stressful environmental factors, the skin undergoes a high remodeling rate over time, which alters not only its appearance but also its functionality. This alteration of the skin, namely photoaging, is characterized by dryness and a loss of elasticity that mainly originates from the dysregulation of dermal fibroblast activities. In order to overcome such tissue outcome, cosmetic products have evolved toward nutricosmetics, thus promoting beauty from within. Among bio-actives of interest, bio-peptides deriving from plant or animal sources may exert various biological activities beyond their nutritional value. However, studies remain mostly descriptive and the mode of action at the cellular level in clinic remains a concern. In a recent clinical trial, it was showed that supplementation with a fish cartilage hydrolysate (FCH) improved signs of chronological and photoaging-induced skin changes in healthy women. Here, using an original ex vivo clinical approach adapted to nutricosmetic purpose, we further demonstrated that this fish cartilage hydrolysate was absorbed and that the circulating metabolites produced in humans following FCH intake stimulate human dermal fibroblast growth, promote specific hyaluronan production, up-regulate elastin synthesis and inhibit MMP-1 and 3 expression along with the enhancement of TGF-β release. Altogether, these data provide clues on the mechanisms likely contributing to the beneficial impact of FCH on human skin functionality by supporting hydration, elasticity and limiting the expression of catabolic factors involved in photoaging onset.
Relationship between Vitamin Intake and Resilience Based on Sex in Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Adults: Results of the Shika Study

Epidemiological studies reported that resilience, generally regarded as the ability to manage stress in the face of adversity, correlates with mental health in middle-aged and older adults. Currently, there is limited information on eating habits that affect resilience. Therefore, this cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between vitamin intake and resilience based on sex in community-dwelling middle-aged and older individuals in Shika town, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. A total of 221 participants (106 men and 115 women) aged 40 years or older were included in the analysis. We assessed vitamin intake and resilience using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) and the resilience scale (RS), respectively. A two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that higher intakes of β-carotene and vitamin K were associated with higher RS in women, but not in men. Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression analysis stratified by sex showed that β-carotene and vitamin K were significant independent variables for RS only in women. The present study suggests that higher intakes of β-carotene and vitamin K were associated with higher resilience among middle-aged and older women. The results obtained demonstrate that β-carotene and vitamin K intakes may enhance resilience by strengthening stress tolerance.
How Should We Treat Meningeal Melanocytoma? A Retrospective Analysis of Potential Treatment Strategies

Simple Summary As a rare tumor disease, only single case reports and small case series have been published on meningeal melanocytomas. In the case of complete surgical resection, there is a shallow risk of recurrence, whereas the benefit of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, both as single or combined therapy, is unclear. This work aims to analyze and summarize previously published cases and proposes a therapeutic algorithm. Abstract Background: Meningeal melanocytomas (MM) are rare primary melanocytic tumors of the leptomeninges with an incidence of 1:10,000,000. Until now, there has been only sparse information about this tumor entity. Here, we provide a meta-analysis of all cases published in the English language since 1972. Methods: A literature review was performed using PubMed and Web of Science. All published cases were evaluated for location, sex, age, therapeutic approach, and outcome. In total, we included 201 patient cases in our meta–analysis. Results: The majority of MM was diagnosed more frequently in men between the third and fifth decade of life. Surgery is the preferred therapeutic approach, and total resection is associated with the best outcome. Patients with partial resection or tumor recurrence benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy, whereas chemo- or immunotherapies do not improve the disease course. Malignant transformation was described in 18 patients. Of these, 11 patients developed metastasis. Conclusions: We present the first retrospective meta-analysis of all MM cases published in the English language, including an evaluation of different treatment strategies allowing us to suggest a novel treatment guideline highlighting the importance of total resection for recurrence–free survival and characterizing those cases which benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy.
On the Stability of Complex Concentrated (CC)/High Entropy (HE) Solid Solutions and the Contamination with Oxygen of Solid Solutions in Refractory Metal Intermetallic Composites (RM(Nb)ICs) and Refractory Complex Concentrated Alloys (RCCAs)

In as-cast (AC) or heat-treated (HT) metallic ultra-high temperature materials often “conventional” and complex-concentrated (CC) or high-entropy (HE) solid solutions (sss) are observed. Refractory metal containing bcc sss also are contaminated with oxygen. This paper studied the stability of CC/HE Nbss and the contamination with oxygen of Nbss in RM(INb)ICs, RM(Nb)ICs/RCCAs and RM(Nb)ICs/RHEAs. “Conventional” and CC/HE Nbss were compared. “Conventional” Nbss can be Ti-rich only in AC alloys. Ti-rich Nbss is not observed in HT alloys. In B containing alloys the Ti-rich Nbss is usually CC/HE. The CC/HE Nbss is stable in HT alloys with simultaneous addition of Mo, W with Hf, Ge+Sn. The implications for alloy design of correlations between the parameter δ of “conventional” and CC/HE Nbss with the B or the Ge+Sn concentration in the Nbss and of relationships of other solutes with the B or Ge+Sn content are discussed. The CC/HE Nbss has low Δχ, VEC and Ω and high ΔSmix, |ΔHmix| and δ parameters, and is formed in alloys that have high entropy of mixing. These parameters are compared with those of single-phase bcc ss HEAs and differences in ΔHmix, δ, Δχ and Ω, and similarities in ΔSmix and VEC are discussed. Relationships between the parameters of alloy and “conventional” Nbss also apply for CC/HE Nbss. The parameters δss and Ωss, and VECss and VECalloy can differentiate between types of alloying additions and their concentrations and are key regarding the formation or not of CC/HE Nbss. After isothermal oxidation at a pest temperature (800 oC/100 h) the contaminated with oxygen Nbss in the diffusion zone is CC/HE Nbss, whereas the Nbss in the bulk can be “conventional” Nbss or CC/HE Nbss. The parameters of “uncontaminated” and contaminated with oxygen sss are linked with linear relationships. There are correlations between the oxygen concentration in contaminated sss in the diffusion zone and the bulk of alloys with the parameters ΔχNbss, δNbss and VECNbss, the values of which increase with increasing oxygen concentration in the ss. The effects of contamination with oxygen of the near surface areas of a HT RM(Nb)IC with Al, Cr, Hf, Si, Sn, Ti and V additions and a high vol.% Nbss on the hardness and Young’s modulus of the Nbss, and contributions to the hardness of the Nbss in B free or B containing alloys are discussed. The hardness and Young’s modulus of the bcc ss increased linearly with its oxygen concentration and the change in hardness and Young’s modulus due to contamination increased linearly with [O]2/3.
Conformational Structures of Neutral and Cationic Pivaldehyde Revealed by IR-Resonant VUV-MATI Mass Spectroscopy

Pivaldehyde, which is an unwanted by-product released with engine exhaust, has received considerable research attention because of its hydrocarbon oxidations at atmospheric temperature. To gain insight into the conformer-specific reaction dynamics, we investigated the conformational structures of the pivaldehyde molecule in neutral (S0) and cationic (D0) states using the recently invented IR-resonant VUV-MATI mass spectroscopy. Additionally, we constructed the two-dimensional potential energy surfaces (2D PESs) associated with the conformational transformations in the S0 and D0 states to deduce the conformations corresponding to the measured vibrational spectra. The 2D PESs indicated the presence of only the eclipsed conformation in the global minima of both states, unlike those in propanal and isobutanal. However, comparing the IR-dip VUV-MATI spectra from two intense peaks in the VUV-MATI spectrum with the anharmonic IR simulations revealed the correspondence between the gauche conformer on the S0 state and the measured IR spectra. Furthermore, Franck–Condon analysis confirmed that most peaks in the VUV-MATI spectrum are attributed to the adiabatic ionic transitions between the neutral gauche and cationic eclipsed conformers in pivaldehyde. Consequently, electron removal from the highest occupied molecular orbital, consisting of the nonbonding orbital of the oxygen atom in pivaldehyde, promoted the formyl-relevant modes in the induced cationic eclipsed conformer.
HER2 Expression in Peritoneal Dissemination of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma: A Comparative Study of Immunohistochemical Reactivity Using Four HER2 Antibodies

Most high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOCs) involving the peritoneum are aggressive. Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is aberrantly activated in a variety of solid cancers. The HER2 status of a tumor is based on cytoplasmic membrane staining of an intracellular domain (ICD)-specific HER2 antibody. We compared four anti-HER2 antibodies in an immunohistochemical study of HGSOC with peritoneal dissemination. HER2 expression was assessed in peritoneal disseminated HGSOC specimens from 38 patients by immunohistochemistry using four different anti-HER2 antibodies (an ICD antibody (clone A0485), an extracellular domain (ECD) antibody (clone SP3), and two antibodies recognizing HER2 phosphorylated at tyrosine 877 or 1248 (pHER2Y877 and pHER2Y1248)). HER2 gene amplification was accessed by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). The antibodies showed HER2 positivity as follows: 31.6% of cases (12/38) with A0485, 26.3% (10/38) with SP3, 7.9% (3/38) with pHER2Y877, and 21.1% (8/38) with pHER2Y1248. Fifteen out of thirty-eight (39.5%) cases were positive for at least one of the four HER2 antibodies. HER2 gene amplification was detected in 3/19 cases. All four HER2 antibodies could be used for patient selection for anti-HER2 therapies. These findings raise the possibility of anti-HER2 therapeutic strategies for HGSOC with peritoneal dissemination.
Infrared Thermal Imaging and Morpho-Physiological Indices Used for Wheat Genotypes Screening under Drought and Heat Stress

Bread wheat, one of the largest broadacre crops, often experiences various environmental stresses during critical growth stages. Terminal drought and heat stress are the primary causes of wheat yield reduction worldwide. This study aimed to determine the drought and heat stress tolerance level of a group of 46 diverse wheat genotypes procured from the Australian Grains Gene Bank, Horsham, VIC Australia. Two separate drought stress (DS) and heat stress (HS) pot experiments were conducted in separate growth chambers. Ten days after complete anthesis, drought (40 ± 3% field capacity for 14 days) and heat stress (36/22 °C for three consecutive days) were induced. A significant genotype × environment interaction was observed and explained by various morpho-physiological traits, including rapid, non-destructive infrared thermal imaging for computational water stress indices. Except for a spike length in DS and harvest index in HS, the analysis of variance showed significant differences for all the recorded traits. Results showed grains per spike, grains weight per spike, spike fertility, delayed flag leaf senescence, and cooler canopy temperature were positively associated with grain yield under DS and HS. The flag leaf senescence and chlorophyll fluorescence were used to measure each genotype’s stay-green phenotype and photosystem II activity after DS and HS. This study identified the top ten best and five lowest-performing genotypes from drought and heat stress experiments based on their overall performance. Results suggest that if heat or drought adaptive traits are brought together in a single genotype, grain yield can be improved further, particularly in a rainfed cropping environment.
Effects of a Structured Multicomponent Physical Exercise Intervention on Quality of Life and Biopsychosocial Health among Chilean Older Adults from the Community with Controlled Multimorbidity: A Pre–Post Design

Structured multicomponent physical exercise (PE) for older adults, with a combination of strength, aerobic, flexibility, and balance exercises, has been shown to have benefits for physical, cognitive, social, and metabolic functioning, as well as counteracting chronic pathologies and geriatric syndromes. However, little is known about the effect of these interventions in Chilean older adults. Our objective was to determine the effect of a structured multicomponent PE intervention on the quality of life (QoL) and biopsychosocial factors of community-living older adults. We conducted a pre–post intervention without control group, with a face-to-face structured multicomponent PE intervention (cardiovascular, strength/power, flexibility, static and dynamic balance, other psychomotor components, and education), based on FITT-VP principles (frequency, intensity, type, time, volume, and progression of exercise), at moderate intensity, 60 min per session, three times per week, and 12 weeks in duration, among 45 persons with an average age of 70.74 years. Participants were evaluated at the beginning and end of the intervention with different instruments of comprehensive gerontological assessment (CGA). Post intervention, participants (83.70% average attendance) significantly improved scores in QoL, biological and biopsychosocial frailty, sarcopenia, functionality in basic, instrumental, and advanced activities of daily living, dynamic balance, cognitive status and mood, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, body mass index, strength and flexibility clinical tests of lower and upper extremity, aerobic capacity, agility, and tandem balance. The indication and prescription of structured multicomponent PE based on FITT-VP principles, as evaluated with the CGA, improved the QoL and biopsychosocial health of older adults. This intervention could serve as a pilot for RCTs or to improve PE programs or services for older adults under the auspices of existing public policy.
Colorings and transversals of graphs

The subject of this thesis is a relaxation of proper graph colorings bounded monochromatic component colorings (bmc colorings). A vertexcoloring of a graph is called a bmc coloring if every color-class induces monochromatic components containing at most a certain bounded number of vertices. A proper coloring for instance is a bmc coloring in which every color-class induces monochromatic components of order one. We investigate three different aspects of bmc colorings. We investigate extremal graph theoretic problems of bmc colorings. For certain families of graphs we determine bounds for the smallest monochromatic component order C, the critical component order, such that every graph contained in this family accommodates for a bmc coloring with respect to C. We determine bounds for the critical component order C for graphs with a bounded maximum degree: Every graph of maximum degree at most three admits a bmc 2-coloring with one color-class inducing monochromatic components of order one and the other color-class inducing monochromatic components of order at most 22; and every graph of maximum degree at most five admits a bmc 2-coloring inducing monochromatic components of order at most 1908 in each of the two color-classes. Additionally we restrict the graphs to being planar and show that every maximal planar graph (a triangulation) with maximum degree ∆ and containing at most d vertices of odd degree admits a bmc 3-coloring inducing monochromatic components of order at most 2∆d. Secondly we study algorithmic aspects of bmc colorings. The proof of the existence of a bmc 2-coloring with one color-class inducing monochromatic components of order one and the other color-class of order at most 22 can be turned into an efficient algorithm that actually 2colors these graphs. For some large constant C ′ we derive an efficient algorithm that 2-colors every graph with maximum degree at most five
Chemical Composition, Antitumor Properties, and Mechanism of the Essential Oil from Plagiomnium acutum T. Kop.

Plagiomnium acutum T. Kop. (P. acutum) has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years to treat cancer but lacks evidence. The objective of this work was to reveal the chemical composition of P. acutum essential oil (PEO) and explore its potential antitumor activity and molecular mechanism. PEO was prepared by the simultaneous distillation–extraction method and characterized by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. CCK8 assay, flow cytometry, western blot, and immunofluorescence techniques were used to analyze the effects and mechanism of PEO against cancer cells. A total of 74 constituents of PEO were identified, with diterpenes (26.5%), sesquiterpenes (23.89%), and alcohols (21.81%) being the major constituents. Two terpenoids, selina-6-en-4-ol and dolabella-3,7-dien-18-ol, were detected in PEO for the first time. PEO showed significant cell growth inhibitory activity on HepG2 and A549 cells by blocking the G1 phase and inducing apoptosis, which may be attributed to its upregulation of p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 proteins and interference with mitochondrial membrane potential effect. Dolabella-3,7-dien-18-ol accounts for 25.5% of PEO and is one of the main active components of PEO, with IC50 values in HepG2 and A549 cells of (25.820 ± 0.216) µg/mL and (23.597 ± 1.207) μg/mL, respectively. These results confirmed the antitumor medicinal value of P. acutum and showed great application potential in the pharmaceutical industry.
Machine Learning Models for Slope Stability Classification of Circular Mode Failure: An Updated Database and Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) Approach

Slope failures lead to large casualties and catastrophic societal and economic consequences, thus potentially threatening access to sustainable development. Slope stability assessment, offering potential long-term benefits for sustainable development, remains a challenge for the practitioner and researcher. In this study, for the first time, an automated machine learning (AutoML) approach was proposed for model development and slope stability assessments of circular mode failure. An updated database with 627 cases consisting of the unit weight, cohesion, and friction angle of the slope materials; slope angle and height; pore pressure ratio; and corresponding stability status has been established. The stacked ensemble of the best 1000 models was automatically selected as the top model from 8208 trained models using the H2O-AutoML platform, which requires little expert knowledge or manual tuning. The top-performing model outperformed the traditional manually tuned and metaheuristic-optimized models, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.970 and accuracy (ACC) of 0.904 based on the testing dataset and achieving a maximum lift of 2.1. The results clearly indicate that AutoML can provide an effective automated solution for machine learning (ML) model development and slope stability classification of circular mode failure based on extensive combinations of algorithm selection and hyperparameter tuning (CASHs), thereby reducing human efforts in model development. The proposed AutoML approach has the potential for short-term severity mitigation of geohazard and achieving long-term sustainable development goals.
Myocarditis Related to COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has been a cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among the short- and long-term consequences of COVID-19, myocarditis is a disease to be taken into consideration. Myocarditis, in general, is related to a poor prognosis. However, the epidemiology and prognosis of myocarditis related to COVID-19 are currently unknown. While vaccination against COVID-19 is of great benefit at a public health level, the risk of myocarditis should be considered in the context of the global benefits of vaccination. In this narrative review, we will summarize the etiopathogenic bases, the epidemiology, the clinical manifestations, the course, diagnosis, prognosis, and the treatment of myocarditis related to SARS-CoV-2, as well as myocarditis secondary to mRNA vaccines.