Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Real-Time Monitoring of Thermal Ablation Lesions in Liver Using Microwave Imaging

Minimally invasive ablative therapies have been used extensively to treat hepatic tumors in patients where surgical resections are not needed. Besides electroporation, ablation therapies induce extreme temperatures, i.e., hypothermia or hyperthermia, to cause irreversible damage to the tissue cells. The lesion volume created as a result depends on the temperature gradient in the tissue. Accurate and sensitive temperature monitoring is critical to optimize the treatment and reduce the risk of complications and extrahepatic injury. This study presents an approach to assess the tissue temperatures non-invasively using microwave imaging (MWI). A cross-section of a liver phantom is used for microwave imaging electromagnetic simulation at 915 MHz. Dielectric properties of porcine liver tissue at 915 MHz and varying temperatures are gathered from the literature. Point sources placed around the phantom model act as transmitters and receivers. Distorted Born Iterative Method (DBIM) was used to reconstruct the relative permittivity that is mapped to the temperature field and compared. The mapped temperature field from the reconstructed dielectric parameters resembles the temperature field used to create the phantom model demonstrating the feasibility of using MWI for the non-invasive assessment of liver tissue temperatures for ablative therapies
Over-the-Air Noise Figure Measurement in a Reverberation Chamber for Low-Noise Devices

Measuring the noise figure (NF) of highly-integrated wireless devices can be a challenging task. This paper shows that the reverberation-chamber-noise-figure (RCN) method can be used to determine this characteristic of a device with an NF below 4 dB at sub-GHz frequencies. This is a significantly lower NF and operating frequency as compared to the device used for the original RCN method. The lower NF is measured using the simplified RCN method, which has an improved uncertainty over the original RCN method. To accommodate for the operating frequency below 1 GHz, a larger reverberation chamber is used. An uncertainty analysis shows that the NF could be estimated within 0.52 dB uncertainty and the gain within 0.91 dB.
A Thin Transparent Phase Correction Surface for Patch Antenna Gain Enhancement

Antenna gain can be increased significantly by achieving a uniform phase distribution in its electric near-field. Phase correction must be implemented to the non-uniform field radiated by the antenna to compensate for the phase variations and create a uniform radiated field phase front. This paper demonstrates the gain enhancement of a simple circularly polarized patch antenna by using a thin, low-cost, passive phase-correcting surface (PCS). The PCS consists of only three metal-dielectric layers and uses thin substrates separated by air gaps of only $0.16\lambda_{0}$. The gain enhancement of 11 dB has been demonstrated for a simple patch antenna with a maximum gain of 18.4 dBi at 20GHz. The designed antenna is planar with a bandwidth of 600MHz.
Boundary Regularity under Generalized Growth Conditions

We study the Dirichlet φ-energy integral with Sobolev boundary values. The function φ has generalized Orlicz growth. Special cases include variable exponent and double phase growths. We show that minimizers are regular at the boundary provided a weak capacity fatness condition is satisfied. This condition is satisfies for instance if the boundary is Lipschitz. The results are new even for Orlicz spaces.
A Compact Narrow-Band Harmonic Tag for Harmonic Radar Applications

In this work, we present a compact, narrow-band harmonic tag based on a circular patch antenna embedded within a micro-strip ring resonator antenna. The 2.8 GHz ring resonator filters incident harmonic radar signals over a narrow fractional bandwidth, passing the received signal to a diode that generates a frequency at the second harmonic of the incident signal, which is retransmitted by the 5.6 GHz circular patch antenna. The ring antenna is capacitively coupled to the diode to further reduce the bandwidth. The tag obtains a fractional bandwidth of 0.43% at 2.6 GHz (0.22% at 5.8 GHz) with antenna gains of 3.6 dBi and 3.0 dBi at 2.6 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively.
A Planar Conformal Microwave Resonator for Subcutaneous Imaging

A planar conformal microwave resonator is developed to detect malignant tumors inside tissues. The tuned sensor with localized field distributions can noninvasively distinguish permittivity variations within tissues. The principle is based on electromagnetic-wave interaction in materials where permittivity variations due to malignant tumors among normal tissues affect the field distributions. The imaging process is conducted with a two-dimensional raster scan to record reflection coefficients in pixels. The normalized resonant frequencies and magnitudes of reflection coefficients are fused to generate localization maps. The concept is validated by promising results with tumor phantoms at different depths and of various sizes. The fused maps indicate a great potential for subcutaneous imaging on the skin in a more efficient and safer way with lower costs than the traditional nondestructive evaluation methods such as X-ray.
ScholarWorks at WMU ScholarWorks at WMU Interpersonal Impressions of Emoji Use in Computer-Mediated Interpersonal Impressions of Emoji Use in Computer-Mediated Decision Making Decision Making

Text-messaging is among the most popular forms of computer-mediated communication (CMC). However, the lack of most nonverbal cues in text-messaging interaction limits communication in certain contexts. Some recent innovations, such as emoji, attempt to enhance nonverbal limitations in text messaging. However, despite ample scholarship in text messaging, nonverbal communication, and CMC, a smaller body of research explores their intersections. This study reviews literature in these areas and, through the lens of Media Richness Theory, offers several hypotheses regarding the effects of emoji on interpersonal impressions in a decision-making scenario. It then experimentally tests and quantitatively measures how emoji usage in decision making impacts perceptions of message source interpersonal attractiveness, CMC competence, and credibility. Results demonstrate that sources of text-messages are rated as more CMC competent when they employ emoji than when using verbal-only messages. There were no significant differences in ratings of source interpersonal attractiveness or credibility on the basis of emoji or emoticon message enhancement, but that may be a function of sample size. Implications for theory and practice, research limitations, and directions for future study are discussed.
Priors, Progressions, and Predictions in Science Learning: Theory-Based Bayesian Models of Children’s Revising Beliefs of Water Displacement

Despite sometimes noisy evidence (e.g., perceptual processing errors), young children are capable of predicting and evaluating events based on complex causal representations. Children rapidly revise their beliefs and learn scientific concepts—sometimes without prior knowledge of an underlying causal system. What might we need in our computational models of belief revision to similarly simulate children’s behaviors when learning such causal systems? Building from experimental data of elementary school children’s intuitive beliefs and predictions of water displacement, we propose three aspects of human inference and belief revision that warrant attention within the subfield of computational cognition. Each aspect is described by identifying the gaps between empirical findings and current computational implementations. Then, specific implementations of these aspects are built using models of theory-based Bayesian inference. First, we construct children’s prior beliefs at the individual level based on their prior behavior. Second, we approximate children’s learning using an “optimal” Bayesian model, revealing the dynamics of belief revision trial-by-trial. Third, we investigate that the role prediction may have in facilitating learning. By performing these key computational steps, we find support for contemporary claims that children may be approximately “Bayesian” learners and increase awareness of the importance of generating predictions in active learning.
Theoretical Model of Dielectric Materials for Forensic Science in terms of Frequency

The dielectric properties of materials provide important information on electromagnetic propagation and dispersion. This led to substantial research on the parametric modelling of dielectric properties of materials. In this paper, such modelling of materials is studied for frequencies up to 100GHz. The new model describes the variation of dielectric properties of material as a function of time, frequency, moisture, and age. Forensic science plays a crucial role in the judicial system, as it helps to make right decisions based on the scientific examination of evidence. Each piece of evidence is properly packed and analyzed using specific methods depending on the type of evidence. Some methods of analysis are destructive, while others are not. The examination and analysis of samples such as saliva, blood, ink, alcohol, water, using the correct technique is so important in forensic science. This study aims to compare theoretical and experimental analyses of indicated samples and the results are compared with the existing literature.
The Structural Response of a Frame-Membrane Lunar Habitat Subjected to Impact and Thermal Loads

A three-dimensional frame-membrane structure covered with regolith shielding and internally pressurized has been proposed as a possible lunar habitat. This paper presents results from the static, frequency, and dynamic impact analysis of the structure using nonlinear (large deformation) finite element technique. The results are presented take into account the effect of the added mass of regolith and stress stiffening due to applied internal pressurization load as well. The impact loading is analytically derived by considering the impact of a moving object/debris/projectile hitting the midpoint of one of the frame members at the crest of the structure. For the frequency analysis, the results show that both pressurization and added regolith mass affect the frequency and mode shape characteristics, where the effects due to the added mass of regolith are observed to be substantially larger than that due to the pressurization. For the static and dynamic analyses, the mid-span impact results show that both pressurization and added regolith mass affect the displacement and stress of the structure. The internal pressurization (prestressing) causes the structure to statically expand and stresses it, but has little effect on the dynamic amplitude of oscillation of the displacement and stress. The added mass of regolith also influences the static displacement and stress slightly contracting and stressing the structure. However, it has a much larger impact on the transient analysis reducing the oscillation amplitude and increasing the period.
Role of GIS in Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Coal Remining Sites in Ohio

The objective of this study is to examine the role of a Geographic Information System (GIS), specifically ArcGIS, in investigating the environmental impacts of remining at a watershed level in Ohio. Since the passage of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) some remining has occurred in Ohio. Remining is the mining of surface mine lands and coal refuse piles that were abandoned prior to the enactment of SMCRA in 1977. It is a challenge to determine the environmental impacts of this remining. In this study, I have explored in detail how ArcGIS can be used as a tool for studying these impacts. In my study I have used a GIS-based methodology and have found various advantages that ArcGIS offers to augment the research efforts. The four main abilities/tools that I have found ArcGIS to offer are: spatial georeferencing, digitizing, centralization of data, and visual interpretation of data. A streamlined method has been presented to calculate the area of mine land that has been remined in a watershed. My study used the Duck Creek Watershed in south east Ohio as a case study.
Subjective Earnings Risk ECONOMIC RESEARCH

While earnings risk is essentially subjective, it is typically inferred from administrative data. We introduce a survey to measure subjective earnings risk, paying particular attention to the expected impacts of job transitions on earnings. Linking with administrative data provides multiple credibility checks. Subjective expectations about earnings growth and job transitions are consistent with actual realizations when appropriately aggregated. We also ﬁnd subjective earnings risk is lower than risk inferred from administrative data because expected earnings growth is heterogeneous, even within narrow population groups. A life-cycle search model calibrated to the administrative data can recover the basic patterns of subjective risk.
Assessing the Microclimate of Urban Transitional Spaces

This paper presents a methodology for the assessment of urban transitional spaces microclimate such as courts, passages, arcades, and atria. A theoretical investigation of environmental transients through the manipulation of Humphrey’s thermal comfort equation in outdoor spaces highlights the possible extent and the corresponding bodily adaptation (difficult, concious or ‘subliminal’) to thermal transients according to combinations of wind and sun. An Thermal Transients Graph abaque is presented to depict thermal transients according to operative temperature and air movement conditions. Practically, environmental transients as experienced dynamically by a pedestrian when moving through transitional spaces is assessed using a portable sensor array and presented graphically on the Thermal Transients Graph. At the scale of the city, transitional apces may play a major role in the energy efficiency of parent buildings but more interestingly, by avoiding discomfort through progressive environmental transients, they also favour the optimal receptivity of the pedestrian to its built and social environments, therefore urban conviviality.
Making Good on BADs

Dressler et al. (2019, henceforth D&al) report several cases of rather unusual patterns in children’s morphological acquisition. These patterns are dubbed Blind-Alley Developments (BADs) because of their striking deviation from the input as well as their transitory nature, eventually to be replaced with adult-like forms. D&al discuss two kinds of BADs: we interpret both as misalignments of form and function in children’s morphology. Weak BADs have the correct forms but wrong functions. D&al give an example of the German interfix -e-. In adult German, for example, -eis used in some noun-noun compounds, but is infrequent and unproductive. However, some children overgeneralize it, forming compounds such as *Luft+e+bon-e (instead of Luft+bone, ‘air balloons’). Strong BADs, by contrast, get the form wrong altogether. For example, iterativity and ongoingness are expressed by imperfectivtity in Russian. Some children, however, make use of total reduplication as in njam-njam (‘I’m eating’) and pik-pik (repeated jumping). Although uncommon and not affecting every language-learning child, the importance of BADs should be recognized. Rare patterns still require explanation, and they set up boundary conditions on any theory of language and language acquisition. And we suspect that if researchers were to look for BADs with a very fine-toothed comb like D&al, more instances will turn up. D&al note that BADs pose challenges to both usage-based and universalist theories of language acquisition. We share their skepticism toward usage-based accounts. While children do learn language from the input, the extent to which children’s grammar mirrors the input (Tomasello 2000) has been overstated by usage-based theorists (see Yang 2013, Yang 2016, Section 2.1 for discussion). At the same time, an initial stage of lexically specific grammar is hardly a unique claim of usage-based theories (e.g., Diessel 2013) but has always been acknowledged by supposedly opposing generative accounts (e.g., Marcus et al. 1992). A further difficulty, though not one unique to usage-based theories, is the absence of a credible learning theory that explains the child’s transition from a lexically restrictive stage to an adult-like productive and abstract grammar (Yang 2015, 2017). Indeed, recent usage-based
Importance of Rice Research and Development in Rice Seed Policies: Insights from Nigeria

First, this paper shows that rice varietal development in Nigeria has been lagging behind that of other developing countries in Asia and Latin America, due partly to insufficient investment in domestic rice R&D. The paper then illustrates using a household model simulation that impacts of certain policies, such as the seed subsidy, may be greater (smaller) if they are applied to good (poor) varieties. The paper concludes by discussing key policy implications and future research needs.
A Look at Technology Use for English Language Learning from a Structural Equation Modeling Perspective

Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) has become an essential approach in the field of language education, especially for English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching. This study enhanced the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to examine the determinants that influence the acceptance of mobile technology use for English language learning. A quantitative method was applied in this study, which involved 342 pre-service teachers in an English department at a state university in Indonesia. The instrument used in collecting the data was a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) with the SmartPLS3 program to analyze the proposed hypotheses of the study objectives. The SEM results supported the entire main constructs of UTAUT proposed in the hypotheses. Findings suggest that determinants of mobile technology acceptance are the major factors influencing the usage of mobile technology. The study concluded that the usage behavior of mobile technology had been influenced by four main variables of UTAUT, namely performance expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), and Facilitating Conditions (FC)
Transmission Electron Microscopy Study on Microstructure of Degraded CdTe Mini-Modules

In this paper, we employ transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) to study the structure and chemistry of cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin-film solar cells with different extents of degradation. The studied regions originate from the same photovoltaic mini-module, which was subjected to one-sun light exposure at a temperature of 100 °C for 400 h to induce light and heat degradation. EDS maps reveal a discontinuous CdS layer and particles rich in O and S but Te-depleted within the CdTe absorber layer after the light and heat stress. These features could act as enhanced recombination centers, resulting in decreased photovoltaic conversion efficiency. Additionally, the most degraded CdTe sample shows a strong accumulation of Na precisely localized in the discontinuous part of the CdS layer. The local Na concentration is determined to be ∼16 at. %. In addition, appreciable Na accumulation is observed at the soda-lime glass/transparent conductive oxide interface in both degraded CdTe solar cells. The microstructure of the baseline CdTe mini-module with no stress was also investigated to demonstrate that the structure difference was caused by the light- and heat-induced degradation, instead of module fabrication. These results highlight the need to control the distribution of Na in fielded CdTe modules to sustain long-term high-power output.
The Role of Web-based Peer Feedback in Advancing EFL Essay Writing

This study investigated the effect of anonymous online peer feedback on EFL learners’ essay writing performance. The context of the study was in a public college in Oman. The study was conducted in two phases utilising a QUAN-Qual design. The first phase involved a classroom intervention where a single group of participants was administered a pretest prior to the intervention and a posttest immediately after the intervention. The participants were engaged in a variety of anonymous peer-feedback activities on a wiki platform. In the second phase, six participants were interviewed to explore their perceptions regarding the use of online peer feedback. The results indicated that EFL learners were able to improve their writing through engaging in online peer-feedback tasks. Additionally, the learners demonstrated a positive perspective toward the use of online peer feedback. The study has a number of instructional implications for EFL instructors who seek to incorporate online platforms into student-student feedback tasks.
Identity Avoidance in Turkish Partial Reduplication: Feature Specificity and Locality

This study investigates the Turkish partial reduplication phenomenon, in which the reduplicant is derived by prefixing C1VC2 syllable, where C1V are identical to the word-initial CV of the base and the C2 ends in one of the four linking consonants: -p, -m, -s, -r. This study re-examines the factors conditioning the choice of the linking consonant, by focusing the nature of the (dis)similarity (feature specificity) and the proximity (locality) between the consonants in the base and the linking consonant, using an acceptability rating task with over 200 participants and a diverse set of stimuli in terms of length and word shapes. Results indicate a gradient identity avoidance effect that extends over all consonants in the base. Crucially, the effect of all consonants is not uniform, with the strength of the effect decreasing further into the base. The study also uncovers an elusive interplay between the distance-based decay effect and the syllable position effect, both of which turn out to play a role in these non-categorical patterns with multiple features. Furthermore, results indicate that identity avoidance operates over both individual features as well as whole segments. Overall, the study argues that locality-sensitive feature-specific identity avoidance constraints are part of the grammar.
On functions with one‐dimensional holomorphic extension property in circular domains

In this paper we consider continuous functions given on the boundary of a circular bounded domain D in Cn , n>1 , and having the one‐dimensional holomorphic extension property along family of complex lines, passing through a finite number of points of D. We study the problem of existence of holomorphic extension of such functions into D.