Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal Impact of Rear Insulation, Light Trapping, and Parasitic Absorption in Solar Modules

Reflection of sub-bandgap light has been argued to be the most effective path to lower temperature solar modules. This report compares GaAs modules with high sub-bandgap reflection to various Si modules under two experimental thermal configurations. At one sun, the GaAs modules operate ∼6 °C colder than both multicrystalline and monocrystalline Si within an open-rack configuration. This thermal advantage increases to ∼13 °C for the thermally insulated configuration. The experimental data are used to build a theoretical model, finding agreement with root-mean-square error between 1.4°C–2.8 °C. The model shows the main thermal advantage of these GaAs modules to be their high sub-bandgap reflection of 79%. Next, it is shown that the sub-bandgap reflection in modules with textured Si cells is fundamentally limited compared to values achieved by the planar GaAs modules, because of the amplification of parasitic absorption that occurs with light trapping. In Si modules, light trapping more than doubles the parasitic absorption of encapsulation layers, limiting the maximum sub-bandgap reflection to 63%. Higher values require thorough optimization of front, bulk, and rear layers, but could lower operating temperatures by up to 12 °C for insulated Si modules.
An Approach Based on Deep Learning for Tree Species Classification in LiDAR Data Acquired in Mixed Forest

This letter proposes a novel method based on Deep Learning (DL) to forest species classification in airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data. Differently from the state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed method: 1) does not assume any prior knowledge either on the forest to be classified or on the sensor used to acquire the LiDAR data and 2) can be applied to heterogeneous forest characterized by mixed species. First, the 3-D point cloud of each individual tree is decomposed into eight angular sectors to generate a multislice representation of the vertical structure of the tree. This representation models the foliage, the stem, and the branches of the tree crown as well as depicts the internal and external crown properties. Then, a multiview convolutional neural network (MVCNN) DL automatically extracts features used to discriminate the different tree species. This network is pretrained on the massive ImageNet database, thus guaranteeing fast convergence with a relatively small number of ground reference data. Experiments were carried out on high-density airborne LiDAR data collected over a multilayer multiage forest characterized by four conifers and three broadleaf species. The proposed method outperformed the state-of-the-art approaches increasing the Overall Accuracy (OA) up to 16% and 18.9% compared to a DL and a shallow tree species classification methods, respectively. When applied to coniferous or broadlaef forests, the proposed method showed an increase of OA 10.1% and 15.9% (for conifers) and 9.5% and 21.6% (for broadleafs) compared to the DL and shallow methods, respectively.
Impact properties of carbon fiber/cellulose nanofiber reinforced epoxy composite using asymmetric stacking sequence of non-hydrophobic cellulose nanofiber dispersion layer

Abstract Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are sustainable materials with high specific strengths. To enhance the impact properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs), the authors have developed an efficient process for incorporating a non-hydrophobized CNF dispersion layer into CFRPs. In this study, the impact properties of CFRP with asymmetrically stacked CNF dispersion layer was investigated by conducting the instrumented Charpy impact tests. Two types of CNFs were used for comparison. Consequently, by inserting the CNF dispersion layer into the opposite side of the striking surface, the Charpy impact value increased by 26% compared to CFRP without CNF dispersion layer.
La fusión de las cooperativas: las expectativas de gestión relacionados con los indicadores financieros

Do the cooperatives have the same motivations as other companies to carry out a merger? With this we performed the present study. It starts with the merger of five cooperatives with the following characteristics: farmers' associations, small businesses belonging to the same industrial segment, with similar products and markets. Based on the theory a questionnaire with Likert-type five-point scale was developed in order for the verification of the hypotheses most often cited in the literature. The questionnaires were answered by the managers who made the merger decision and participated in the entire process. The results of the hypothesis were compared with the financial indicators of the company and confirmed the opinion of managers.
Mycobiota and mycotoxins in various kinds of vegetables and fruits as potential health risk factors for consumers - summary of a multiyear study.

INTRODUCTION Between 2015-2020, the concentrations and diversity of filamentous fungi as well as the levels of mycotoxins in 4 classes of vegetables and fruits were studied in samples from farms located in eastern Poland. The short communication summarizes the results with the use of statistical analysis and indicates the potential health hazards associated with the consumption of the produce contaminated with fungi and/or mycotoxins. The concentrations of filamentous fungi in all examined samples were moderate (2.813 - 4.146 log10 CFU g -1). The highest values were noted in root vegetables, whereas the lowest values in fruit vegetables. The mycobiota revealed a marked biodiversity (67 species and 33 genera). Penicillium and Fusarium prevailed in the mycobiota of root vegetables, whereas Cladosporium and Alternaria in the remaining classes. Most of identified species (88.1%) were described as potentially pathogenic. The importance of mycotoxins as a potential health risk factor for vegetable consumers, was confirmed by the detection of a high prevalence (>55%) of total aflatoxin (AFT). The level of AFT in berry fruits was significantly higher than in other classes. The high prevalence (58.5%) of deoxynivalenol was noted in raspberries. CONCLUSIONS Filamentous fungi present in the examined vegetables and fruits may pose a potential health risk for consumers due to a high prevalence of potentially pathogenic species, mostly those producing mycotoxins.
Nomograms for Predicting Coexisting Cardiovascular Disease and Prognosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Study Based on NHANES Data

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic disease. Progression is further exacerbated by the coexistence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aim to construct a diagnostic nomogram for predicting the risk of coexisting CVD and a prognostic nomogram for predicting long-term survival in COPD. Methods The 540 eligible participants selected from the NHANES 2005–2010 were included in this study. Logistic regression analysis was used to construct a diagnostic nomogram for the diagnosis of coexisting CVD in COPD. Cox regression analyses were used to construct a prognostic nomogram for COPD. A risk stratification system was developed based on the total score generated from the prognostic nomogram. We used C-index and ROC curves to evaluate the discriminant ability of the newly built nomograms. The models were also validated utilizing calibration curves. Survival curves were made using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by the Log-rank test. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, neutrophil, RDW, LDH, and HbA1c were independent predictors of coexisting CVD and were included in the diagnostic model. Cox regression analysis indicated that CVD, gender, age, BMI, RDW, albumin, LDH, creatinine, and NLR were independent predictors of COPD prognosis and were incorporated into the prognostic model. The C-index and ROC curves revealed the good discrimination abilities of the models. And the calibration curves implied that the predicted values by the nomograms were in good agreement with the actual observed values. In addition, we found that coexisting with CVD had a worse prognosis compared to those without CVD, and the prognosis of the low-risk group was better than that of the high-risk group in COPD. Conclusions The nomograms we developed can help clinicians and patients to identify COPD coexisting CVD early and predict the 5-year and 10-year survival rates of COPD patients, which has some clinical practical values.
Strategies for Collaboration Between School and Parents: Homework in General and Translanguaging Homework in Particular

The purpose of this case study is to examine if and how working with homework in general and translanguaging homework (TLH) in particular can support collaboration between home and school. Our aim is also to find out if TLH provides the ground for teachers and parents of migrant background to feel and act as epistemic subjects, i.e., as participants whose knowledge is given credibility. Prior research has shown the importance of collaboration between home and school. However, for migrant parents, collaboration has often proved to be problematic and unequal, due to for example language barriers. Research has shown that translanguaging bridges such problems. How the implementation of translanguaging is appreciated by parents and teachers has scarcely been researched. Neither has collaboration through TLH been studied regarding how they perceive each other as epistemic subjects. In this study, thematic content analysis has been applied on interview data with parents and teachers. The epistemic (in)justice framework has then been used to discuss the found themes in their answers. The findings show that teachers’ and parents’ perceptions of working with TLH differs. Some parents perceive that TLH enhances their chances to collaborate with school as epistemic subjects. Conversely, TLH may obscure other parents’ possibilities to collaborate, thus creating epistemic injustice. Lastly, TLH might be ignored altogether by some parents, thus neither enhancing collaboration nor creating epistemic justice. Concludingly, in order for TLH to work, reciprocal sensitive listening to each other, from both the teachers’ and the parents’ side, is important, and teachers need to be aware of the students’ family situation regarding their language choices and language use.
Comparison of the results of using a self-adhesive mesh and a polypropylene mesh in open inguinal hernia repair: a prospective randomized controlled study.

Introduction: Inguinal hernia repair is the most common operation worldwide. The essential factors in hernia repair have been the postoperative quality of life, early return to work, low recurrence rate, and chronic pain prevention. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the short- and long-term results of the self-adhesive mesh and the conventional polypropylene mesh in Lichtenstein repair. Material and methods: A total of 100 male patients were randomized and operated on, 50 with the self-adhesive mesh (S group), 50 with the conventional polypropylene mesh (P group). Prospectively, the patients were followed for an average of 36 months. The two groups were compared for the duration of surgery, duration of hospital stay, duration of daily activity/resumption of work, postoperative pain, chronic pain, recurrence, wound infection, hematoma/seroma formation, and postoperative analgesic consumption. Results: The study involved 39 patients in the P group and 37 patients in the S group who underwent inguinal hernia surgery. The P group had a longer mean operation time than the S group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (45.1 ± 6.6 min vs. 28.8 ± 3.0 min, P = 0.0001). In recurrence, postoperative discomfort, chronic pain, length of hospital stay, daily activity/return to work, wound infection, hematoma/seroma, and postoperative analgesic use, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: It was found that the self-adhesive mesh did not produce statistically significant advantages over the conventional polypropylene mesh, except for operative time, in the Lichtenstein repair.
Criteria Language Teachers Use When Selecting CALL Technologies

It is important to identify the criteria that language teachers consider when selecting technologies. Software designers and developers, program administrators, and others need to be aware of adoption issues and practices for CALL technology. The focus of this case study was to look at six language instructors considered to be experts in their use of technology in the classroom and examine the criteria they use when selecting CALL resources or activities in the classroom. Interviews, recorded classroom observations, and analyses of teaching materials resulted in three themes: consideration of pedagogy, consideration of convenience, and consideration of authenticity. These are discussed in the context of language teaching, CALL materials development, and language program administration.
CCID_A_248280 333..344

Francisco de Melo Alieksiéi Carrijo Kyungkook Hong Bruno Trumbic 4 Franco Vercesi 5 Heidi A Waldorf Sabine Zenker 1Aesthetics International, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; 2Clínica Carrijo, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Hus-hu Dermatology Clinic, Seoul, South Korea; 4Cap Evidence, Paris, France; 5Aesthetic Surgery and Laser, Milan, Italy; 6Waldorf Dermatology Aesthetics, Nanuet, NY, USA; 7Dr Zenker Dermatology, Munich, Germany Background: Combinations of minimally invasive procedures (MIPs) are often used in aesthetic treatments and are increasingly considered as the new standard of care. Three agents with specific properties are available in this perspective: a polycaprolactone (PCL)based collagen stimulator, a poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)and a poly-glycolic acid (PLGA)based resorbable suspension suture with a 3D-cone technology, and a cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA). Objective: To develop the first practice guidelines on rejuvenation treatment of the face and the neck using combinations of these agents, whether associated or not with other widely used MIPs such as botulinum neurotoxins or energy-based devices. Methods: A multi-disciplinary, multi-national board of plastic surgeons and dermatologists convened to develop guidelines using a predefined consensus method. The consensus was defined as ≥83% agreement rate between participants. Results: Practice guidelines and algorithms, describing optimal procedure sequence and spacing, are proposed for the treatment of upper-, mid-, lower-face and neck, combining the PCL collagen stimulator, the PLLA/PLGA suspension sutures, and the cross-linked HA, whether associated or not with other MIPs. Conclusion: These new guidelines provide general support to optimal management strategies. Individual treatment plans should be adapted according to the physician’s individual competence and the patient’s preferences.
Colclough, Giles L. and Smith, Stephen M. and Nichols, Tom E. and Winkler, Anderson M. and Sotiropoulos, Stamatios N. and Glasser, Matthew F. and Van Essen,

Patterns of intrinsic human brain activity exhibit a profile of functional connectivity that is associated with behaviour and cognitive performance, and deteriorates with disease. This paper investigates the relative importance of genetic factors and the common environment between twins in determining this functional connectivity profile. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on 820 subjects from the Human Connectome Project, and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings from a subset, the heritability of connectivity among 39 cortical regions was estimated. On average over all connections, genes account for about 15% of the observed variance in fMRI connectivity (and about 10% in alpha-band and 20% in beta-band oscillatory power synchronisation), which substantially exceeds the contribution from the environment shared between twins. Therefore, insofar as twins share a common upbringing, it appears that genes, rather than the developmental environment, have the dominant role in determining the coupling of neuronal activity. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.20178. 001
Analysis of Gender Representation in Pre-Intermediate Market Leader: Business English Practice File

The purpose of this study is to examine gender representation in one of the textbooks used at Sohar University to teach business English. The textbook is entitled Pre-Intermediate Market Leader: Business English Practice File. Content analysis is used to analyze the following three categories: gender visibility, gender firstness, and occupational roles. In general, the study results have revealed that gender bias against females is less visible than males and gender equity is to some extent achieved in this text book. The results have indicated that this textbook exhibited a balanced representation of gender in terms of gender visibility, females have more occupational roles than males and females’ occupational roles were varied whereas males were only traditional. The study results have also revealed that males usually appear before females (gender firstness) in the textbook.
A Dendritic Cell Inspired Security System in Wireless Sensor Networks

– We describe a scalable distributed methodology for increasing the rate of real packets received by the base station (BS) in a wireless sensor network (WSN) and to limit the inimical impacts of intruders in the network. The proposed security mechanism adopts a dual protection scheme to ensure that the BS obtains maximal real packets. First, we utilize a Dynamic Dendritic Cell Algorithm (DDCA) that effectively detects harmful intruders in a WSN and dynamically adjusts the monitoring period in response to the situation of the network. A sensor node running this algorithm can identify fake packets generated by the intruders based on pre-defined rules. Second, we apply a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method called the Metropolis-Hastings (MH) algorithm to infer the location of intruders in a wireless sensor network using partial information obtained from a subset of the sensor nodes. In turn these inferred locations are used by a fuzzy logic algorithm that we apply to assess the effect of the intruders on a monitored point. Based on the assessment, the BS sends commands that adjust the monitoring period that a sensor node uses to identify an intruder. The mechanism increases the flexibility and accuracy of the DC-inspired algorithm in accurately identifying harmful intruders, especially for harmful mobile intruders. The method can be applied to different sizes of WSNs and to both dynamic and static WSNs. We simulated the proposed algorithms using JADE (Java Agent Development Framework), and the results demonstrate good performance.
Scientific Opinion on welfare aspects of the use of perches for laying hens

This opinion investigated the use of perches for laying hens in cage and non-cage systems. It is based on various activities reviewing the effects of perch height and design on hen health and welfare. Systematic and extensive literature reviews were conducted to assess the scientific evidence about hen motivation to grasp and seek elevation, and the appropriate height of perches as well as other features (position, material, colour, temperature, shape, width and length). In addition, an expert knowledge elicitation (EKE) exercise was run with technical hearing experts to discuss and prioritise the various design aspects of perches. Overall, the body of literature on perches is limited. Relevant features of perches are often confounded with others. In the literature, the most commonly used animal-based measures to assess perch adequacy are keel bone damages, foot pad lesions and perch use by hens. Overall, hens seek elevation during the day as well as during the night, when they select a site for roosting. Elevated perches allow hens to monitor the environment, to escape from other hens, avoid disturbances and improve thermoregulation. For night-time roosting hens show a preference for perches higher than 60cm compared with lower perches. However, elevated perches can have negative consequences with increased prevalence of keel deformities and fractures. The risk of injury increases when hens have to jump a distance of more than 80cm vertically, horizontally or diagonally to reach or leave a perch, or jump an angle between 45 and 90° (measured at the horizontal plane). Material, shape, length and width of the perch also influence perch preference by hens. The EKE exercise suggests that an adequate perch is elevated, accessible and functional (providing sufficient overview). The opinion concludes that for the design of an adequate perch, different features of perches need to be further investigated and integrated. © European Food Safety Authority, 2015
Probing the MicroRNA and Small Interfering RNA Pathways with Virus-Encoded Suppressors of RNA Silencing

In plants, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are effectors of RNA silencing, a process involved in defense through RNA interference (RNAi) and in development. Plant viruses are natural targets of RNA silencing, and as a counterdefensive strategy, they have evolved highly diverse silencing suppressor proteins. Although viral suppressors are usually thought to act at distinct steps of the silencing machinery, there had been no consensus system so far that allowed a strict side-by-side analysis of those factors. We have set up such a system in Arabidopsis thaliana and used it to compare the effects of five unrelated viral silencing suppressors on the siRNA and miRNA pathways. Although all the suppressors inhibited RNAi, only three of them induced developmental defects, indicating that the two pathways are only partially overlapping. These developmental defects were remarkably similar, and their penetrance correlated with inhibition of miRNA-guided cleavage of endogenous transcripts and not with altered miRNA accumulation per se. Among the suppressors investigated, the tombusviral P19 protein coimmunoprecipitated with siRNA duplexes and miRNA duplexes corresponding to the primary cleavage products of miRNA precursors. Thus, it is likely that P19 prevents RNA silencing by sequestering both classes of small RNAs. Moreover, the finding here that P19 binds siRNAs and suppresses RNAi in Hela cells also suggests that this factor may be useful to dissect the RNA silencing pathways in animals. Finally, the differential effects of the silencing suppressors tested here upon other types of Arabidopsis silencing-related small RNAs revealed a surprising variety of biosynthetic and, presumably, functional pathways for those molecules. Therefore, silencing suppressors are valuable probes of the complexity of RNA silencing.
University of Birmingham Maintenance antipsychotic treatment versus discontinuation strategies following remission from first episode psychosis

Background Understanding the relative risks of maintenance treatment versus discontinuation of antipsychotics following remission in first episode psychosis (FEP) is an important area of practice. Method A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prospective experimental studies including a parallel control group were identified to compare maintenance antipsychotic treatment with total discontinuation or medication discontinuation strategies following remission in FEP. Results Seven studies were included. Relapse rates were higher in the discontinuation group (53%; 95% CIs: 39%, 68%; N = 290) compared with maintenance treatment group (19%; 95% CIs: 0.05%, 37%; N = 230). In subgroup analyses, risk difference of relapse was lower in studies with a longer follow-up period, a targeted discontinuation strategy, a higher relapse threshold, a larger sample size, and samples with patients excluded for drug or alcohol dependency. Insufficient studies included psychosocial functioning outcomes for a meta-analysis.