Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of kangaroo mother care and music listening on physiological parameters, oxygen saturation, crying, awake state and sleep in infants in NICU

Abstract Objective Kangaroo mother care and musical stimulation are recommended nursing interventions in the NICU. However, there is little research on the combination of kangaroo care with musical stimulation and their relationship with the health condition of infants. The aim of the study was to compare the parameters of the physiological state and behavior of infants during kangaroo mother care as well as kangaroo mother care and musical stimulation. Study design The study included 100 infants, with corrected gestational ages of 35 weeks, with an average body weight of 2704 g. During kangaroo care the child was supported by their parent, then musical stimulation was added to kangaroo care. Measurements were made in an incubator after the 1st and the 15th minute of each intervention. Results Neonatal parameters differed in the incubator and during each intervention. During kangaroo care and kangaroo care and musical stimulation, heart rate (p < .0001), respiration rate (p < .0001), crying (p < .0001) and awake state (p < .0001) decreased, oxygen saturation levels (p < .0001) and the number of children who fell asleep (p < .0001) increased. During kangaroo care and musical stimulation significantly fewer children were awake (p = .0003) and more fell asleep (p < .0001) than after kangaroo care alone (p < .0001). Conclusions This study suggests that kangaroo care and kangaroo care and musical stimulation can be used to stabilize the physiological functions of infants. Kangaroo care and musical stimulation can be one of the most effective nursing interventions in the neonatal intensive care unit for the care of infants.
Lateral left ventricular lead position is superior to posterior position in long‐term outcome of patients who underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy

Preferring side branch of coronary sinus during cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation has been empirical due to the limited data on the association of left ventricular (LV) lead position and long‐term clinical outcome. We evaluated the long‐term all‐cause mortality by LV lead non‐apical positions and further characterized them by interlead electrical delay (IED).
Comparison of root and shoot traits of different wheat species and wild wheat relatives: Does feature of shoot biomass have positive and significant relationships with grain yield and root traits?

This study targeted to investigate some root and shoot traits and their relationship in 47 different genotypes such as cultivars, lines, landraces, ancient wheat species and wild wheat relatives belonging to 14 different species at long tubes of PVC under field weather conditions. It was found significant differences between genotypes in terms of root and shoot traits (P<0.01). The investigated raits varied among the genotypes, ranging from 0.97 to 6.88 g for root biomass, 0.07 to 0.34 for root to shoot ratio, 5.9 to 25.0% for root to total biomass ratio, 4.3 to 34.7 for tiller number and 7.5 to 52.6 g for shoot biomass. Ancient wheat species such as Triticum monococcum (Kelycras), T. turgidum, T. spelta, a landrace (Vanli), and cultivars (Daws High PPO, ARS Amber and AK 702) had large root biomass among the genotypes. Therefore, these genotypes could be helpful for improving genotypes with large root system in breeding programs. The study also showed that shoot biomass had significant and positive relationships with root biomass (0.572**), root length (0.441**) and crown root number (0.245**) as well as grain yield (0.911**). Accordingly, feature of shoot biomass might be used as selection criteria in breeding program to improve genotypes with superior root system and high grain yield.
Impact of Dim Light at Night on Urinary 6-Sulphatoxymelatonin Concentrations and Sleep in Healthy Humans

Artificial light at night can have negative effects on human wellbeing and health. It can disrupt circadian rhythms, interfere with sleep, and participate in the progress of civilisation diseases. The aim of the present study was to explore if dim artificial light during the entire night (ALAN) can affect melatonin production and sleep quality in young volunteers. We performed two experiments in real-life home-based conditions. Young volunteers (n = 33) were exposed to four nights of one lux ALAN or two nights of five lux ALAN. Melatonin production, based on 6-sulphatoxymelatonin/creatinine concentrations in urine, and sleep quality, based on actimetry, were evaluated. Exposure to ALAN one lux during the entire night did not suppress aMT6s/creatinine concentrations but did aggravate sleep quality by increasing sleep fragmentation and one-minute immobility. ALAN up to five lux reduced melatonin biosynthesis significantly and interfered with sleep quality, as evidenced by an increased percentage of one-minute immobility and a tendency of increased fragmentation index. Our results show that people are more sensitive to low illuminance during the entire night, as previously expected. ALAN can interfere with melatonin production and sleep quality in young, healthy individuals, and both processes have different sensitivities to light.
The Effect Of COVID-19 On Consumer Behaviour In Saudi Arabia: Switching From Brick And Mortar Stores To E-Commerce

: Individuals‘ adoption has been reckoned as an important indicator of the success of new technology. Hence, it is crucial to identify the reasons why individuals choose to use or not to use a particular technology. Understanding one‘s behaviour towards accepting or rejecting technologies has been proven as one of the most challenging issues within the information systems (IS) domain, not to mention during exceptional circumstances, such as during pandemic times. As such, this study empirically assessed the factors that affect consumers‘ intention to adopt e-commerce during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia. The 10 factors examined in this study are perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioural control (PBC), perceived lack of alternatives, perceived risk, perceived punishable infractions, risk-taking propensity, perceived external pressure, and government support. Data were collected online among social media users by employing the snowball sampling technique. A total of 190 valid responses were obtained. The data analysis showed that PU, risk taking propensity, PBC, perceived lack of alternatives, and government support significantly influenced consumers‘ intention to adopt e-commerce during the COVID-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia. Meanwhile, PEOU, SN, perceived external pressure, perceived risk, and perceived punishable infractions exerted insignificant effect on consumers‘ intention to adopt e-commerce.
Greenalite Nanoparticles in Alkaline Vent Plumes as Templates for the Origin of Life

Mineral templates are thought to have played keys roles in the emergence of life. Drawing on recent findings from 3.45–2.45 billion-year-old iron-rich hydrothermal sedimentary rocks, we hypothesize that greenalite (Fe3Si2O5(OH)4) was a readily available mineral in hydrothermal environments, where it may have acted as a template and catalyst in polymerization, vesicle formation and encapsulation, and protocell replication. We argue that venting of dissolved Fe2+ and SiO2(aq) into the anoxic Hadean ocean favored the precipitation of nanometer-sized particles of greenalite in hydrothermal plumes, producing a continuous flow of free-floating clay templates that traversed the ocean. The mixing of acidic, metal-bearing hydrothermal plumes from volcanic ridge systems with more alkaline, organic-bearing plumes generated by serpentinization of ultramafic rocks brought together essential building blocks for life in solutions conducive to greenalite precipitation. We suggest that the extreme disorder in the greenalite crystal lattice, producing structural modulations resembling parallel corrugations (∼22 Å wide) on particle edges, promoted the assembly and alignment of linear RNA-type molecules (∼20 Å diameter). In alkaline solutions, greenalite nanoparticles could have accelerated the growth of membrane vesicles, while their encapsulation allowed RNA-type molecules to continue to form on the mineral templates, potentially enhancing the growth and division of primitive cell membranes. Once self-replicating RNA evolved, the mineral template became redundant, and protocells were free to replicate and roam the ocean realm.
Integrated management of sheath blight of rice by fertilizers, fungicides, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

Rice is an important food grain and is a staple food for majority of the world’s population. To meet increasing global demand and consumption, rice productivity must be enhanced. However, biotic stresses such as pests and diseases have impeded rice cultivation both in the tropics and subtropics. Of them, sheath blight is a major soil borne disease causing economic losses to rice cultivation. This chapter summarizes current information on the agronomic practices and biotic stresses affecting rice production and productivity. A detailed account is given of sheath blight (ShB) of rice, disease etiology and economics. Agronomic factors are important in ShB incidence and outbreak. Elaborative and updated accounts of various management options and their efficacy for ShB control are given. Specifically, the effects of popular cultural practices influencing ShB incidence, various chemical fungicides, and antibiotics individually and their combined effect on ShB are presented. Commonly used chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen affect ShB incidence and intensity. The role of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and various genera of PGPR in ShB suppression are discussed. The present review also showed various aspects relating to ShB suppression by PGPR such as antagonism, competition for space and essential nutrients, and induction of systemic resistance. Results pertaining to effect of Bacillus, Pseudomonas and other important PGPR group on the causal agent of ShB, Rhizoctonia solani under laboratory, greenhouse and field conditions are included. Integrated management of ShB involving all the compatible combinations are included in this review with emphasis on use of PGPR as a main component.
Biased assessment of ongoing admixture using STRUCTURE in the absence of reference samples

Detection of hybridization and introgression is important in ecological research as in conservation and evolutionary biology. STRUCTURE is one of the most popular software to study introgression and allows estimating what proportion of the genome of each individual belongs to each ancestral population, even in cases where no reference sample from the ancestral nonadmixed populations is previously identified. In spite of its frequent use, some studies have indicated that ancestry estimates may not always be reliable. We simulated population data under different conditions with regard to the genetic differentiation between ancestral populations, number of loci considered, number of alleles per marker and hybridization rate, and analysed data with STRUCTURE. When reference samples were not included, the comparison of the known degree of admixture for each simulated individual and the value estimated with STRUCTURE revealed a strong underestimation of the level of introgression, classifying many admixed individuals as nonadmixed. This derives from an inaccurate estimation of the ancestral allele frequencies. When samples from the nonadmixed ancestral population were included as reference in the analyses, the bias in the estimations was reduced. The most accurate estimates were obtained when potentially admixed samples were few in relation to reference samples. Thus, whenever possible, a very large proportion of nonadmixed reference samples should be included in admixture assessments and different approaches should be combined. The misestimate of the amount of introgression can impair our understanding of the evolutionary history of species and misguide conservation efforts.
Yellow Mealworm Inclusion in Diets for Heavy-Size Broiler Chickens: Implications for Intestinal Microbiota and Mucin Dynamics

Simple Summary Nowadays, the maximization of chicken productivity cannot be achieved without considering their gut health, which is a complex, multifactorial concept that takes into account several intestinal features (such as the microbiota and the mucin dynamics). The gut health of broilers may be influenced by both intrinsic (i.e., age, sex, breed) and extrinsic (i.e., diet, environment) factors, thus, in turn, influencing the growth performance of the birds. Dietary insect meal inclusion has already been reported to exert positive effects on cecal microbiota and small intestinal mucin composition in female and male light-size broiler chickens (35–40 days of age), in particular when used at low inclusion levels (i.e., 5%). However, since male heavy-size broilers (50–60 days of age) represents a relevant market class in Italy, we herein evaluated the effects of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor, TM) utilization on their gut health. The findings herein obtained interestingly suggested that the administration of insect meal for a longer period could potentially lead to a negative modulation of the cecal microbiota of the birds, thus suggesting a preferable utilization of yellow mealworm in the light-size production cycles. Abstract In the present trial, 160 heavy-size male broiler chickens were allocated to 4 dietary treatments (control feed [C] and 5, 10 and 15% TM meal inclusion, respectively, with 5 replicate pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen) to evaluate the influence of TM meal on intestinal microbiota and mucin composition. The broiler chickens fed TM-based diets showed higher beta diversity of their cecal microbiota in comparison with the C birds (p < 0.001). A significant decrease of the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum and lower Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratios (False Discovery Rate [FDR] < 0.05) were also identified in TM15 broiler chickens when compared to the C group. Furthermore, the TM birds showed decreased relative abundance of Clostridium, Coprococcus, L-Ruminococcus and Ruminococcus genera (FDR < 0.05). In relation to the gut mucin composition, higher mucin staining intensity was detected in the intestinal crypts of TM5 birds in comparison with the other TM groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary TM meal inclusion negatively influenced the cecal microbiota of heavy-size broiler chickens in terms of partial alteration of the physiological microbial population and reduction of the potential beneficial bacteria (with slightly more pronounced effects when testing the 10–15% inclusion levels).
Determination of Knowledge on the Academic Staff Concerning Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Bu çalışmada; Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi (BEÜ) akademik personellerinin GDO konusunda bilgi tutum ve davranışlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Genel bilgi seviyeleri, cinsiyet, yaş, bölüm, eğitim düzeyi ve ünvan açısından anlamlı bulunmamış (p > 0.05); fakat medeni durum açısından anlamlı (p < 0.05) bulunmuştur. Genel bilgi seviyeleri 19 ve 36 puan arasında değişmekte olup, ortalama 28.1±3.1’dir. Bu verilere göre; akademik personellerin GDO konusunda orta düzeyde bir bilgiye sahip olduğu söylenebilir. GDO’ların daha çok tarım alanında kullanıldığını (% 91.7), radyo/TV, internet yoluyla bilgilendiklerini (% 34.0), en güvenilir kaynağın üniversiteler olduğunu (% 69.9), daha çok faydaları ve riskleri (% 75.0) ile Türkiye’deki durumu (% 51.3) hakkında bilgilenmek istediklerini ve ayrıca; bu ürünleri tükettiklerini düşündüklerini (% 75.6), etiketlemeler (% 76.9) ile konu hakkında (% 60.9) bilgi sahibi olmadıklarını ve bilgilenmek istediklerini (% 92.9) ifade etmişlerdir. GDO’nun etkilerinin çok tehlikeli olduğunu, genetik uygulamaları etik bulmadıklarını, tüketmeyeceklerini ve ithaline kesinlikle karşı olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç olarak; GDO yeni nesiller için oldukça önem arz edeceğinden daha fazla bilgiye gereksinim olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Broccoli seed extracts but not sulforaphane have strong free radical scavenging activities

Summary The abilities of broccoli seed extracts and purified sulforaphane (SF) to scavenge 2,2′-azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate] (ABTS•+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and superoxide anions were studied. The free radical scavenging activities of broccoli seed extracts had no exact correlation with SF content, indicating that SF was not the main antioxidant component. The broccoli seed extracts were separated by high-speed countercurrent chromatography to obtain purified SF, which showed dose-dependent free radical scavenging activities in the DPPH• and ABTS•+ assays, but its activities were weaker to those of ascorbic acid. The same trend was observed in the chemiluminescence assay. The results showed that broccoli seed extracts had strong free radical scavenging activities that were not attributable to SF.
Parent and Family Functioning in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Although the impact of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) extends beyond the patient to their parents and families, the focus of previous literature has largely been on investigating the patient’s medical and psychosocial functioning, with less consideration of the family system. Having a comprehensive understanding of parent and family functioning within the context of pediatric IBD is important given the role parents and family members have in the successful management of the disease and caring of the child. The current review paper aggregates the empirical research regarding parent and family functioning, including comparisons to normative samples, other illness groups, and how functioning relates to child psychosocial and health outcomes. Extant literature on parents and families in pediatric IBD has largely focused on the variables of parenting stress, parent psychosocial functioning, parent quality of life, and family functioning. Summary findings elucidate the complex relationships between parents, families, and children affected by IBD and highlight the importance of assessing parent and family functioning within pediatric IBD. The current review also offers implications for clinical practice, notes the limitations of the present literature, and provides recommendations for future research.
Novel Simultaneous Decompression through Single-stage Mini-thoracotomy for Concurrent Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament and Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum at the Same Thoracic Level: A Technical Report and Literature Review.

STUDY DESIGN Technical case report. OBJECTIVE To describe a novel technique of decompression through single-stage mini-thoracotomy for removing concurrent ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) at the same thoracic level simultaneously. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Concurrent OPLL and OLF at the same thoracic level is not common. Because these conditions lead to severe thoracic myelopathy, however, they require surgical decompression.To date, several cases with concurrent OPLL and OLF at the same thoracic level and surgical methods to treat these conditions have been described. However, no consensus on the surgical methods for the treatment these conditions has been established and these surgical methods have been also reported to be linked with the incidence of complication like neurological deterioration and the requirement of bone grafting and instrumentation. METHODS Three consecutive patients who presented with thoracic myelopathy caused by concurrent OPLL and OLF at the same thoracic level were treated by our novel surgical technique of decompression through single-stage mini-thoracotomy. RESULTS Simultaneous complete removal of OPLL and OLF through single-stage mini-thoracotomy was performed successfully in the three patients. All patients' preoperative symptoms gradually improved during the follow-up period, and no additional complications were associated with removal of OLF through thoracotomy. And there was no kyphotic change or instability in the thoracic spine after more than a year of follow-up although both bone grafting and instrumentation were not performed. CONCLUSION This novel surgical technique is considered to be able to be a safe and effective alternative to the conventional treatment of selective cases of thoracic myelopathy caused by concurrent OPLL and OLF at the same thoracic level. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4.
Effects of pressure, methane concentration, sulfate reduction activity, and temperature on methane production in surface sediments of the Gulf of Mexico

Microbial methanogenesis is a known source of methane in marine environment, but the factors affecting the production of methane from different pathways remain largely unconstrained. We investigated the effects of pressure, methane concentration, temperature, and sulfate reduction activity on the conversion of methanogenic substrates to methane using radiotracers in nearshore and offshore surface sediments in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The transformation of bicarbonate to methane increased with methane concentrations under quasi in situ conditions of deep‐sea sediment, potentially reflecting, to some degree, enhancement of the enzymatic back reaction under high‐methane conditions. In coastal sediments, a positive effect of both increased methane concentration and inhibition of sulfate reduction by molybdate on 14CH4 accumulation suggests that anaerobic oxidation of methane and methanogenesis occur concurrently. In contrast, methane production from methanol was suppressed by increased methane concentration likely due to the reduced energy yield of methanogenesis at elevated methane concentrations. Temperature could limit hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methanogenesis under in situ conditions, as higher rates were observed at 40°C in nearshore sediments. Inhibitor experiments with 2‐bromoethanesulfonate and molybdate indicated that sulfate‐reducing bacteria preferentially utilized acetate, as well as H2. Methanol was a noncompetitive substrate for methanogens in the deep‐sea sediments but was competitively cycled in coastal sediments. An authentic noncompetitive substrate, methylamine, was channeled predominantly to methane production under all conditions tested. The different response of methanogenic activity to substrate availability, metabolic competition, temperature, and pressure between sites suggest variable environmental controls on the methane production in coastal vs. deep‐sea surface sediments.