Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The noncommutative geometry and the quantum Hall e ect

The present invention relates to a solid oral pharmaceutical preparation with protracted release of the active ingredient consisting of discrete solid granules containing the active ingredient soluble in the stomach and auxiliary agents and of an equally solid external phase surrounding the said granules, whereby the granules forming the internal phase consist of granules prepared from a powder mixture which contains as active ingredient, or in addition to it a non-toxic metal compound, being capable of binding an acid, and being insoluble or but slightly soluble in neutral aqueous medium-particularly bismuth, aluminium or magnesium compound-and auxiliary materials prepared with an aqueous emulsion containing a hydrophobic component and hydrophylic emulsifiers, and the external phase contains a solid, dry, amphoteric gel forming substance in an amount of 1-50 percent w/w related to the total weight of the preparation in admixture with auxiliary agents. The preparation is produced by the wetting of the powder mixture containing the basic metal compound, auxiliary material and in given case additional active ingredient with the aqueous emulsion of the hydrophobic component prepared by applying the hydrophylic emulsifiers then by granulation and admixing the dried granules with the amphoteric gel forming substance, and pressing it into tablets, or filling into capsules.
AGIL Specifications

The GRID and MAS (Multi-Agent Systems) communities believe in the potential of GRID and MAS to enhance each other because these models have developed signiﬁcant complementarities. Thus, both communities agree on the ’what’ to do: promote an integration of GRID and MAS models. However, while the ’why’ to do it has been stated and assessed, the ’how’ to do it remains a research problem. This paper addresses this problem by means of a service-oriented approach. Services are exchanged (i.e., provided and used) by agents through GRID mechanisms and infrastructure. The paper ﬁrst consists of a set of states of the art about integration approaches in GRID, MAS and Service Oriented Computing (SOC). It secondly proposes to formalize integrated GRID-MAS systems. Concepts, relations between them and rules are semantically described by a set-theory formalization and a common graphical description language, called Agent-Grid Integration Language (AGIL). This language may be used to describe future integrated GRID-MAS systems. AGIL’s concepts are directly inﬂuenced by OGSA (Open Grid Service Architecture) and the STROBE agent communication and representation model.
Beta-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients who failed to maintain good glycemic status with a combination of maximum dosages of metformin and sulfonylurea Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate beta-cell function and examine whether sulfonylureas (SUs) are still useful in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who failed to maintain optimal glycemic control with a combination of maximum dosages of metformin and SU. Method: T2DM who had Hb A1c >8% during treatment with a combination of maximum dosages of metformin and SU were studied. After enrollment, the patients were assigned to continue maximum dosages of SU and metformin for 2 weeks and then underwent the ﬁ rst oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the Max-SU OGTT. After the Max-SU OGTT, SUs were discontinued for 4 weeks and the second OGTT, the Discont-SU OGTT, was performed. After the Discont-SU OGTT, the same SU was restarted at 25% of the maximum dosage (25%Max-SU). After taking 25%Max-SU for 4 weeks, the third OGTT, the 25%Max-SU OGTT, was performed. Metformin at the same dosage was continued throughout the study. Normal OGTT (NGT) subjects, matched for age and body mass index (BMI), were also studied. Results: There were 25 T2DM and 28 NGT subjects. There was no difference in age and BMI between the two groups. The beta-cell function during Max-SU was 0.1, which was higher than 0.06 during Discont-SU ( p <0.001) and also higher than 0.09 during 25%Max-SU ( p =0.269). The beta-cell function during 25%Max-SU was higher than during Discont-SU ( p <0.001). The beta-cell function of the NGT group was 0.34 and higher than during Max-SU ( p <0.001). Fasting capillary blood glucose (FCBG) levels during Discont-SU (14.2±3.7 mmol/L) were higher than during 25%Max-SU (12.3±3.4 mmol/L) and during Max-SU (10.3 ±2.4 mmol/L) ( p <0.05). In addition, the FCBG during Discont-SU was higher than that during 25%Max-SU ( p <0.05). Conclusion: In T2DM patients who failed to achieve glycemic control with a combination of maximum dosages of metformin and SU, the beta-cell function declined compared to NGT subjects. However, the beta-cells were still responsive to SUs, which play a signi ﬁ cant role in glycemic control. Discont-SU, during discontinuation of sulfonylurea; 25%Max-SU, during dosage of 25% of the recommended maximum dosage of sulfonylurea; AUC, area under the curve; FCBG, fasting capillary blood glucose; HOMA-IR, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.
OPTH_A_219271 2789..2797

Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Objective: This review summarizes published findings concerning the Baerveldt-350 glaucoma drainage device (GDD). Most studies focus on the comparison between different treatments; in this review, the primary focus is efficacy, safety, and place in therapy for the Baerveldt implant. Methods: A systematic review was performed using the PubMed database for literature on March 13th, 2020. Efficacy was estimated by performing multiple meta-analyses to calculate the weighted mean difference in intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-lowering medication after surgery. In order to get an indication of the safety of the Baerveldt implant, all recorded periand postoperative complication were summarized. Results: A total of 21 studies, including 12 randomized controlled trials, were included with a follow-up up to 5 years, covering a mix of glaucoma types. At the last follow-up point, at 5 years postoperative, the mean (95% confidence interval) reduction in IOP was 15.57 mmHg (14.43–16.71) and the mean (95% confidence interval) reduction in IOP-lowering medication after surgery was 1.81 (1.61–2.01). Most frequently observed postoperative complications were corneal edema (2–34%) and tube complications (4–33%). Rates of required re-intervention ranged from 0% to 51% across all included studies. Conclusion: The efficacy of the Baerveldt implant is a significant reduction in IOP in the long term. The safety profile of the Baerveldt implant in terms of complication incidence is similar to those reported for other GDD's. For treatment of secondary glaucoma, we suggest the Baerveldt (or any other similar GDD) as the choice of treatment in patients where highest IOP reduction is desired.
Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ofloxacin and Trimethoprim-

Vaginal colonization with Escherichia coli is an integral step in the development of acute cystltis, and persistent vaginal coliform colonization may also be a predisposing step to recurrent urinary tract infections. For this reason, we evaluated antibiotic concentrations in the vaginal fluid, serum, and urine and the vaginal colonization by E. coil of 56 women receiving either ofloxacin (200 mg orafly twice a day) or trimethoprimsudfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (160/800 mg oraHly twice a day) for the treatment of acute cystitis. Ofloxacin and trimethoprim both penetrated into vaginal fluid to a considerably greater extent than sulfamethoxazole. Among 33 patients given ofloxacin, the concentration of the drug in vaginal fluid during one dosage interval ranged from 1.6 to 21.6 >g/ml. In 21 women given TMP-SMX the range of drug concentrations in vaginal fluid was 2.6 to 32.5 ,g/ml for TMP and 1.0 to 6.2 ,ug/ml for SMX. Treatment with both ofloxacin and TMP-SMX remarkably reduced vaginal colonization by E. coil during and up to 30 days after therapy. For the ofloxacin-treated women, eradication of vaginal E. col was aated with a hig ratio of drug concentration in vaginal fluid to that in serum. We conclude that ofloxacin and TMP both achieve hig concentrations in vaginal fluid and are equaHly successful in eradicating E. coil from the vagina.
Author ' s personal copy Friendly Schools Universal Bullying Prevention Intervention : Effectiveness with Secondary

Peer bullying in schools is a significant public health problem that contributes to poor health and wellbeing outcomes for those who bully or are bullied. Meta-analyses of the efficacy of secondary school bullying prevention interventions have typically found no effects or an increase in student bullying. Consequently, few secondary school studies have examined the Breal-world^ effectiveness of these interventions. This age-cohort study design evaluated the effectiveness of the Friendly Schools (FS) secondary school intervention, previously found to be efficacious. FS was implemented in schools under real-world conditions by an education publisher. Student survey data were collected in 12 schools. The primary outcomes were bullying victimisation and perpetration. Results showed a significant decrease in reported bullying perpetration in subsequent cohorts of both grade 8 and 9 students, and a significant reduction in bullying victimisation and cybervictimisation for grade 8 students, when the FS student curriculum was taught compared to the usual curriculum. This study demonstrates the importance of considering the effectiveness of secondary school bullying prevention interventions and real-world implementation supports for schools.
Enveloping actions and duality theorems for partial twisted smash products

In this paper, we first generalize the theorem about the existence of an enveloping action to a partial twisted smash product. Then we construct a Morita context between the partial twisted smash product and the twisted smash product related to the enveloping action. Finally, we present versions of the duality theorems of Blattner-Montgomery for partial twisted smash products.
Intracellular Killing of T . gondii After Pretreatment of Rat Alveolar Macrophages With PMA

Alveolar macrophages play a key role in defense of the host against pulmonary infection (1-6). Their clinical importance is emphasized by the high incidence of life-threatening pneumonia (7, 8) in patients with abnormal macrophage function (6) or impaired ceU-mediated immunity (6-9). However, the mechanisms by which alveolar macrophages kill microorganisms are poorly understood. We recently examined the mechanism by which human alveolar macrophages kill the intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (10). We chose this organism because it causes pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients (11-14) but not in healthy individuals (11), and because macrophages play an important part in the host's resistance to this organism (5, 15-17). Our studies showed that killing of T. gondii by human alveolar macrophages occurred without involvement of toxic metabolites of oxygen (Catterall, J. R., and J. S. Remington, manuscript in preparation). This suggested that previous studies of intracellular killing by normal macrophages might have limitations as models for the human alveolar macrophage, since most of them (18-20, and reviewed in 21), including all those that employed T. gondii (18-23), have emphasized the overriding importance of oxidative killing mechanisms. Nonoxidative antimicrobial activity has been shown in subcellular macrophage fragments (21, 24) and in oxidatively deficient cells (19, 21-23, 25), but in none of the previously described models using normal intact macrophages has the killing of intracellular parasites been reported as nonoxidative. To facilitate the study of nonoxidative killing by alveolar macrophages, we have sought a laboratory animal model relevant to the human alveolar macrophage. Since rats more closely resemble human subjects in their resistance to T. gondii than many other animals (26, 27), we have examined the interaction between T. gondii and rat alveolar macrophages in vitro. The studies reported here indicate that rat alveolar macrophages, like those from human subjects, also kill T. gondii, and by nonoxidative mechanisms. They suggest that nonoxidative antimicrobial mechanisms may be important in alveolar macrophages, and they provide a convenient model for the study of such mechanisms. This investigation received financial support from grant AI-04717 from the National Institutes of Health. J. R. Catterall is the recipient of a Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) Traveling Fellowship and a Francis S. North Foundation Fellowship.
Effective Elastoplastic Damage Mechanics for Fiber-reinforced Composites with Evolutionary Complete Fiber Debonding

A micromechanical damage mechanics framework is proposed to predict the overall elastoplastic behavior and interfacial damage evolution of fiberreinforced ductile composites. Progressively debonded fibers are replaced by equivalent voids. The effective elastic moduli of three-phase composites, composed of a ductile matrix, randomly located yet unidirectionally aligned circular fibers, and voids, are derived by using a rigorous micromechanical formulation. In order to characterize the homogenized elastoplastic behavior, an effective yield criterion is derived based on the ensemble area averaging process and the first-order effects of eigenstrains. The resulting effective yield criterion, together with the overall associative plastic flow rule and the hardening law, constitutes the analytical framework for the estimation of effective elastoplastic damage responses of ductile composites containing both perfectly bonded and completely debonded fibers. An evolutionary interfacial fiber debonding process, governed by the internal stresses of fibers and the interfacial strength, is incorporated into the proposed framework. The Weibull’s function is employed to describe the varying probability of fiber debonding. Further, comparison between the predictions and available experimental data are presented to illustrate the potential of the proposed methodology.
Hexoseand pentose transport inascomycetousyeasts: anoverview

The biochemical characterization of sugar uptake in yeasts started five decades ago and led to the early production of abundant kinetic and mechanistic data. However, the first accurate overview of the underlying sugar transporter genes was obtained relatively late, due mainly to the genetic complexity of hexose uptake in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The genomic era generated in turn a massive amount of information, allowing the identification of a multitude of putative sugar transporter and sensor-encoding genes in yeast genomes, many of which are phylogenetically related. This review aims to briefly summarize our current knowledge on the biochemical and molecular features of the transporters of hexoses and pentoses in yeasts, when possible establishing links between previous kinetic studies and genomic data currently available. Emphasis is given to recent developments concerning the identification of D-xylose and L-arabinose transporter genes, which are thought to be key players in the optimization of S. cerevisiae strains for bioethanol production from lignocellulose hydrolysates.
The Impact of Marketing Information System Components on Organizational Decision Making: A Case of Jordanian Five Star Hotels

An accurate decision is vital for an organization to survive in highly competitive marketplaces. The most critical factor contributing to the accuracy of decision making is the marketing information system (MIS). This study intended to determine the impact of MIS on decision making process among managers in five star hotels in Jordan. The study employed simple random sampling method to select 300 respondents from the sampling frame which consists of managers and decision makers of the hotels. The study sent out the self-administered questionnaires to the selected respondents to respond at their own convenient time. After a few weeks, a total of 230 responses were received and usable for analysis. The study employed the second generation method of analysis namely Structural Equation Modelling procedure in IBM-SPSS-AMOS 25.0 to model and test the hypotheses. The results showed MIS, which consists of marketing research, marketing record, marketing intelligence and decision support system has significant impact on decision making process. More importantly, it contributed about 97% of the decision making process in the five star hotels in Jordan. The testing of hypotheses for the MIS components found all components, except marketing research, has significant influence on management decision making among five star hotels in Jordan.
Cells to Fas-Mediated Apoptosis by IFN-the Sensitization of Human Colon Carcinoma Sequence-Binding Protein and Caspase-1 in Coordinate Regulation of IFN Consensus

Interferon- (cid:1) is thought to be essential for the regulation of antitumor reactions. However, the degree of responsiveness of malignant cells to IFN- (cid:1) may have a profound inﬂuence on the overall efﬁcacy of an antitumor response. In this study, we examined the molecular basis by which IFN- (cid:1) differentially sensitized human primary and metastatic colon carcinoma cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. To that end, we analyzed IFN- (cid:1) -induced gene expression at the genome scale, followed by an analysis of the expression and function of speciﬁc genes associated with IFN- (cid:1) - and Fas-mediated signaling. We found that although both cell populations exhibited a similar gene expression proﬁle at the genome scale in response to IFN- (cid:1) , the expression intensities of the IFN- (cid:1) regulated genes were much greater in the primary tumor. Noteworthily, two genes, one involved in IFN- (cid:1) -mediated signaling, IFN consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP), and one involved in Fas-mediated signaling, caspase-1, were clearly shown to be differentially induced between the two cell lines. In the primary tumor cells, the expression of ICSBP and caspase-1 was strongly induced in response to IFN- (cid:1) , whereas they were weakly to nondetectable in the metastatic tumor cells. Functional studies demonstrated that both caspase-1 and ICSBP were involved in Fas-mediated apoptosis following IFN- (cid:1) sensitization, but pro-ceeded via two distinct pathways. This study also reports for the ﬁrst time the expression of ICSBP in a nonhemopoietic tumor exhibiting proapoptotic properties. Overall, in a human colon carcinoma cell model, we identiﬁed important functional contri-butions
Scholars' Mine Scholars' Mine Soil-Structure Interaction and ULS Design of Complex Deep Soil-Structure Interaction and ULS Design of Complex Deep Foundations Foundations

In conventional design of deep foundations, some important positive effects evolving from the interaction of the bearing elements and the subsoil (Soil-Structure Interaction) are not utilised. These positive effects especially arise when using Combined Pile-Raft Foundations (CPRFs). The application of numerical methods during the design process of such foundations, which is explicitly allowed in Eurocode 7, is capable of regarding these effects. This paper deals with an approach using numerical methods within the ULS design for complex foundations and discusses case histories where CPRFs are used as a foundation for high-rise buildings in Frankfurt am Main. The paper will be finalised with an introduction to the Seasonal Thermal Storage where the piles of a deep foundation are used as energy piles to store or extract heat in the surrounding subsoil.
Reinfection Rates Among Patients Who Previously Tested Positive for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Received 17 February 2021; editorial decision 9 March 2021; published online 15 March 2021. Correspondence: Michael B. Rothberg, Mail Code G10, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 (rothbem@ccf.org). Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021;73(10):1882–6 © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab234 Reinfection Rates Among Patients Who Previously Tested Positive for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Efficient and Distributed Secret Sharing in General Networks

Shamir's (n, k) threshold secret sharing is an important component of several cryptographic protocols, such as those for secure multiparty-computation, key management, and Byzantine agreement. These protocols typically assume the presence of direct communication links from the dealer to all participants, in which case, the dealer can directly pass the shares of the secret to each participant. In this paper, we consider the problem of secret sharing when the dealer does not have direct links to all the participants, and instead, the dealer and the participants form a general network. We present an efficient and distributed algorithm for secret sharing over general networks that satisfy what we call the k-propagating-dealer condition. We derive information-theoretic lower bounds on the communication complexity of secret sharing over any network, which may also be of independent interest. We show that for networks satisfying the k-propagating-dealer condition, the communication complexity of our algorithm is {\Theta}(n), and furthermore, is a constant factor away from the lower bounds. We also show that, in contrast, the existing solution entails a communication-complexity that is super-linear for a wide class of networks, and is {\Theta}(n^2) in the worst case. Moreover, the amount of randomness required under our algorithm is a constant, while that required under the existing solution increases with n for a large class of networks, and in particular, is {\Theta}(n) whenever the degree of the dealer is bounded. Finally, while the existing solution requires considerable coordination in the network and knowledge of the global topology, our algorithm is completely distributed and requires each node to know only the identities of its neighbours. Our algorithm thus allows for efficient generalization of several cryptographic protocols to a large class of general networks.
GENERATING SERIES : A COMBINATORIAL COMPUTATION

The purpose of this paper is to apply combinatorial techniques for computing coefficients of rational formal series (Gk) in two noncommuting variables and their differences at orders k and k-1. This in turn may help one to study the reliability and the quality of a model for non-linear black-box identification. We investigate the quality of the model throughout the criteria of a measure of convergence. We provide, by a symbolic computation, a valuation relating to the convergence of the family (Bk). This computation is a sum of differential monomials in the input functions and behavior system. We identify each differential monomial with its colored multiplicity and analyse our computation in the light of the free differential calculus. We propose also a combinatorial interpretation of coefficients of (Gk). These coefficients are powers of an operator Θ which is in the monoid generated by two linear differential operators ∆ and Γ. More than a symbolic validation, these computing tools are parameterized by the input and the system’s behavior.