Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression Characteristics of Surface Markers of Memory T cells, CD45RO, CCR7 and CD62L, in Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Liver Cancer Tissues of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinomas

Purposes: To investigate expression of surface markers on memory T cells and distribution of T cell subsets among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in liver of hepatocellular-carcinoma (HCC) patients.Methods: TILs from liver tumor and paracancerous tissue (PT) of 30 HCC patients and 30 subjects who were performed hepatectomy due to benign pathogenic lesion (control) were stained with anti-CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO, CD62L and CCR7 antibodies. The distribution of four T cell subsets, CD45RO+CD62L+CCR7+T (central memory T cells, TCM), CD45RO+CD62L-CCR7-T (effector memory T cells, TEM), CD45RO+ CD62L+CCR7-T (CCR7-T) and CD45RO+ CD62L-CCR7+T (CCR7+T), among TILs was measured with polychromatic flow cytometry and analyzed statistically.Results: (1) CD4+TCM subset in three groups accounted for <0.4% of total CD4+CD45RO+Tm. CD4+TEM subset% in HCC, PT and control was 89.73%, 98.68% and 95.45% of CD4+CD45RO+Tm,which was significantly lower in HCC than in PT and control. CCR7-T subset% in HCC, PT and control was 0.04, 0.46 and 2.44% of CD4+CD45RO+Tm, which was significantly lower in HCC and PT than in control. CCR7+T subset% in HCC, PT and control group was 9.97%, 0.57% and 1.74% of CD4+CD45RO+Tm, which was significantly higher in HCC than in PT and control. (2) CD8+TCM subset% in HCC, PT and control was 0.41%, 0.55% and 0.26% of CD8+CD45RO+Tm, which was significantly higher in HCC and PT than in control. CD8+TEM subset% in HCC, PT and control was 92.39%, 98.14% and 98.16% of CD8+CD45RO+Tm, which was significantly lower in HCC than in PT and control. CCR7-T subset% in HCC, PT and control was 6.44%, 1.03% and 0.75 % of CD8+CD45RO+Tm which was significantly higher in HCC than in PT and control.Conclusion: TEM was the major subset among CD45RO+Tm of HCC patients. CD4+TEM, CD8+TEM and CCR7-T subsets were significantly lower whereas CCR7+T and CCR7+T subsets were significantly higher in tumor than in non-tumor tissues.
Perioperative Administration of Fibrinogen is Associated with Increased Risk of Postoperative Thromboembolic Complications after Cardiac Surgery

Introduction: Fibrinogen is a key protein in achieving and maintaining haemostasis. Prophylactic fibrinogen has been shown to reduce bleeding after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and studies have reported an inverse correlation between preoperative plasma concentration of fibrinogen and the volume of postoperative bleeding after CABG. This indicates that preoperative fibrinogen plasma concentration, even within the normal range, is a limiting factor for haemostasis after cardiac surgery. In theory, fibrinogen might induce a risk for thrombosis and hypercoagulability. The reported adverse effects of fibrinogen administration are few, without clinical significance or blurred by the use of other medications influencing coagulation; the potential adverse effects of prophylactic fibrinogen on larger groups of cardiac surgery patients seem unidentified. Material and methods: All patients undergoing cardiac surgery at Aarhus University Hospital in 2008 and 2009 were obtained from West Denmark Heart Registry (n=1876) and merged with our patient data management system to identify patients receiving fibrinogen, aprotinin and recombinant VIIa perioperatively. The outcomes considered included in-hospital myocardial infarction, stroke and need for dialysis. Model-based Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted risk ratios to identify independent factors with impact on outcomes. Results: Independent risk factors (OR (95% CI)) for postoperative stroke were preoperative neurological dysfunction: 3.10 (1.46- 6.57), valve replacement: 2.12 (1.09 - 4.12), aortic surgery: 3.57 (1.35 - 9.46) and perioperative fibrinogen infusion: 2.69 (1.24 - 5.87). Independent risk factors for postoperative dialysis were s-creatinine > 200 µmol/L: 8.21 (4.12 - 16.5), age: 1.16 (1.00 - 1.33), Euroscore defined general-: 1.32 (1.17 - 1.48), and cardiac state: 1.27 (1.12 - 1.44) together with perioperative aprotinin: 3.42 (1.74 - 6.77) and fibrinogen infusion: 3.77 (2.02 - 7.03). Conclusion: This study indicates that perioperative administration of fibrinogen could be associated with increased risk of neurological thromboembolic complication and renal failure and thus have potential thromboembolic side effects. However, further studies are warranted to clarify any causal association between postoperative complications and perioperative infusion of fibrinogen. The results further emphasized that administration of fibrinogen should be in accordance with recommended guidelines and always guided by whole blood coagulation evaluation.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Knowledge and Perceived Prevalence of Symptoms in University Students

Background: Research addressing knowledge on sexual health, particularly of STDs risk and perceived symptoms’ prevalence, among university students around the world, and particularly in Portugal, is scarce. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of knowledge about the perceived prevalence of STD’s and their occurrence in Portuguese university students. Study Design: An internet based cross sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Methodology: A total 1018 students participated (68.57% women), with a mean age of 23.57 years (SD=5.82). The instruments used were a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the "Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire" and "Sexual Risk Behaviours Questionnaire" (male and female versions), which were disseminated on the Internet, on a page specifically created for this research, after pretest was done and the necessary changes implemented. Results: The results indicated that students have inadequate knowledge about the STD's, the lifelong perceived prevalence of a STD was 9.9%, and the actual perceived prevalence of symptoms associated with a STD was 16.8%. Finally, a linear regression was performed, highlighting a significant effect between the degree of knowledge about Original Research Article Pereira and Ana Carmo; ISRR, Article no. ISRR.2014. 001 2 STD’s and the occurrence of a STD or symptoms, which indicates that the symptoms depend on the knowledge. Conclusion: These results reinforce the need for investment in prevention programs, in order to increase the information and reduce infection by STDs in college students.
Social Capital and Social Economy in Sub-National Island Jurisdictions

This paper explores the concept of social capital in terms of the capacity of sub-national island jurisdictions (SNIJs) to exert their jurisdictional powers through formal and informal social policy and structures for economic purposes. It examines the ways in which jurisdictional capacity can generate (or conversely, deplete) social capital in the pursuit of economic sustainability. Strong bonds amongst islanders, effective relationships with the metropole, and resourceful use of jurisdictional capacity present advantages. Recommendations on how island jurisdictions can learn from each other in formal and informal policy initiatives are presented.
Optimal Value-at-Risk Disclosure

Abstract In 1995, the Basel Accords introduced an alternative method to compute the market risk charge through the use of a risk model developed internally by the financial institution. These internal models, based on the Value-at-Risk (VaR), follow certain rules that are defined under the Basel Accords. From this moment on, risk analysts and financial academics focused their attentions on how to accurately estimate the VaR in order to reduce the regulatory capital. However, considering the market risk framework defined in the Basel Accords, the best strategy to optimize the regulatory capital may not lie in truthfully disclosing an accurate VaR estimation. In this study, we propose to solve, through dynamic programming, for the optimal policy function for disclosing the reported VaR based on the estimated value that minimizes the daily capital charge. This policy function will provide the optimal percentage of the estimated 1-day VaR that should be disclosed, taking into account the impact that this disclosure decision will have in future capital charges, by managing the rules defined in the Basel Accords. Our goal is to prove that truthful disclosure of an accurately estimated VaR is suboptimal. The main results from our investigation show that using the optimal reporting strategy leads to an average daily reduction in the capital requirements of 4.32% in a simulated environment, compared with a normal strategy of always truthfully disclosing the estimated 1-day VaR, and leads to an average daily saving of 7.22% when applied to our S&P500 test portfolio.
Stick-slip motions of polymer gels having multiple artificial asperities

We report our experimental studies on stick-slip motions between polymer gels having artificial surface asperities. We show that, depending on the density and configuration randomness of asperities, the stick-slip behavior greatly changes: when the asperities are located periodically with sufficient separation, fast and regular stick-slip motions occur, while slow and heterogeneous slip behavior is observed for samples having randomly and densely located asperities. We discuss the condition for the occurrence of complex stickslip cycles.
HOW RELIABLE ARE PREDICTION AND MEASUREMENT OF WELD RESIDUAL STRESSES? LESSONS FROM THE NET NETWORK

The Task Groups of the NeT European Network undertake closely controlled round robin studies examining the prediction and measurement of residual stresses in thoroughly characterised welded benchmarks. Task Groups 4 and 6 are examining three-pass slot welds in plates made from AISI316L(N) and Alloy 600 respectively. A very large body of independent RS measurements and simulations have been performed, giving a unique insight into the real-world reliability of both RS measurements and finite element simulation of welding. This paper reviews NeT Task Groups 4 and 6, and considers their implications for modelling of welding processes.
Powering Education

: More than 1.3 billion people worldwide have no access to electricity and this has ﬁrst-order eﬀects on several development dimensions. In this paper we focus on the link between access to light and education. We randomly distribute solar lamps to 7th grade pupils in rural Kenya and monitor their educational outcomes throughout the year at quarterly frequency. We ﬁnd that access to lights through solar lamps is a relevant and eﬀective input to education. Our identiﬁcation strategy accounts for spillovers by exploiting the variation in treatment at the pupil level and in treatment intensity across classes. We ﬁnd a positive and signiﬁcant intention-to-treat eﬀect as well as a positive and signiﬁcant spillover eﬀect on control students. In a class with the average treatment intensity of our sample (43%), treated students experience an increase in math grades of 0.88 standard deviations. Moreover, we ﬁnd a positive marginal eﬀect of treatment intensity on control students: raising the share of treated students in a class by 10% increases grades of control students by 0.22 standard deviations. We exploit household geolocation to disentangle within-class and geographical spillovers. We show that geographical spillovers do not have a signiﬁcant impact and within-school interaction is the main source of spillovers. Finally, we provide suggestive evidence that the mechanism through which lamps aﬀect students is by increasing co-studying at school especially after sunset.
Mining, local employment, and gender: evidence from the closure of UK coal mines

This paper examines the heterogenous effect of mining shocks on local employment, by gender. Using the closure of coal mines in UK starting in mid 1980s, we find evidence of substitution of male for female workers in the manufacturing sector. Mine closures increase number of male manufacturing workers but decrease, in absolute and relative terms, number of female manufacturing workers. We document a similar, though smaller, effect in the service sector. This substitution effect has been overlooked in the debate of local impacts of extractive industries, but it is likely to occur in the context of other male-dominated industries. We also find that mine closures led to persistent reductions in population size and participation rates.
The Influence of Atmosphere

BOTANISTS tell us that when they subject a tree to the process which they call destructive distillation (that is, when they burn it in a vacuum furnace, in order to separate its permanent from its perishable elements), that result is not at all what we laymen in botany would expect. We should take it for granted that the elements which pass into a tree through its roots from the solid earth out of which it grows would be most enduring. It is just these elements, however, which consume into ashes and fall away. That which endures the searching test of the vacuum furnace as pure carbon is what the tree has absorbed through its leaves from the invisible atmosphere around it. Just so it is with human life at a
A Macrosimulation Model of the Effect of Fertility on Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria

In this study, we investigate the economic effects of a decline in fertility. We use data from Nigeria and construct a macrosimulation model based on work by Ashraf et al. (2013), in which the evolution of key economic and demographic outcomes are observed under a “baseline” scenario, where fertility falls slowly over time, and are then compared to alternative scenarios in which fertility declines more rapidly. We extend the Ashraf et al. (2013) model to incorporate five channels that have been previously ignored: the effect of fertility on savings; a feedback from education to fertility; the effect of a more realistic two-sector model; the effect of fertility on health; and the effect of market imperfections. Compared to the Ashraf et al. (2013) results, adding these channels more than doubles the effect of a fertility decline on income per capita after 20 years and almost triples the effect after 50 years.
On Travelling Wave Modes of Axially Moving String and Beam

The traditional vibrational standing-wave modes of beams and strings show static overall contour with finite number of fixed nodes. The travelling wave modes are investigated in this study of axially moving string and beam although the solutions have been obtained in the literature. The travelling wave modes show time-varying contour instead of static contour. In the model of an axially moving string, only backward travelling wave modes are found and verified by experiments. Although there are n − 1 fixed nodes in the nth order mode, similar to the vibration of traditional static strings, the presence of travelling wave phenomenon is still spotted between any two adjacent nodes. In contrast to the stationary nodes of string modes, the occurrence of galloping nodes of axially moving beams is discovered: the nodes oscillate periodically during modal motions. Both forward and backward travelling wave phenomena are detected for the axially moving beam case. It is found that the ranges of forward travelling wave modes increase with the axially moving speed. It is also concluded that backward travelling wave modes can transform to the forward travelling wave modes as the transport speed surpasses the buckling critical speed.
'Anti'-Social Media: Narcissism and Self-Control as Predictors of Facebook Self-Disclosure

The personal information shared on Facebook can expose individuals to increased risk such as cybercrime and identity theft. While the perception of risk associated with online self-disclosure is increasing, this may not translate into risk management behaviours. This study explored why individuals choose to self-disclose on Facebook, often in spite of the risks. It was hypothesised that a personality style accentuated by impulsive and anti-social behaviour would help to explain this riskbehaviour dichotomy. In other words, individuals who are more narcissistic with less self-control were predicted to expose themselves to more risk on Facebook. An online questionnaire was completed by 263 Australians. This study found that individuals who had less self-control and higher narcissism exposed themselves to significantly more risk on Facebook. Hence, this study found that narcissism and self-control play a meaningful role in the risk-behaviour dichotomy. These findings add to the body of literature on online self-disclosure.
Thar she resurges: The case of assets that lack positive fundamental value*

This experimental study investigates the trading of assets that mimic the features of most cryptocurrencies. Groups of traders are randomized into asset markets where fundamental values are either positive, zero, or negative. Our findings indicate the presence of much larger bubbles in asset markets with non-positive fundamental values than in asset markets with positive fundamental values, with either risky or risk-free dividends. We show that these findings are consistent with trader expectations but not with loss aversion and complexity. This study provides experimental evidence that supports the need for particular scrutiny of asset markets that lack positive fundamental value.
What’s about the Calibration between Confidence and Accuracy? Findings in Probabilistic Problems from Italy and Spain

This paper reports some experiments on probabilistic reasoning designed to investigate the impact of the probabilistic problem presentation format (verbal-numerical and graphical-pictorial) on subjects’ confidence in the correctness of their performance, other than the calibration between confidence and accuracy. To understand the potential effect of the format, these dimensions were assessed by monitoring contextual and individual variables: time pressure, numerical and visuospatial abilities, statistical anxiety and attitudes towards statistics. The participants included 257 Psychology students without statistical knowledge, recruited from Italian and Spanish universities, who fulfilled self-report validated measures. The students expressed their retrospective judgments of confidence item-by-item in relation to each probabilistic problem. This approach enabled the computation of two measures of calibration (the Bias Index - the Confidence-Judgment Accuracy Quotient). The results indicated that the problem presentation format did not exert a significant main effect on confidence, with the exception of when the interaction between the format and one subscale of the attitudes towards the statistics test was considered. The Bias Index, however, was significantly related to the interaction between format and time pressure. The study offers a point of reflection in relation to the potential effect exerted by the problem format and time constraint in calibration.
Effect of PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway on PRAS40Thr246 Phosphorylation in Gastric Cancer Cells

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on PRAS40Thr246 phosphorylation in gastric cancer cells. Methods: The study was conducted from April 2017 to January 2018 in Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. Gastric cancer cells were divided into three groups: gastric cancer cell group, LY294002 group and MK-2206 group. Specific tests were conducted accordingly. Results: Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation and PRAS40Thr246 phosphorylation could inhibit proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, and PRAS40Thr246 phosphorylation could activate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Conclusion: The levels of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway related proteins and p-PRAS40Thr246 were significantly increased in gastric cancer cells. p-PRAS40-Thr246 was able to reflect the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, reflecting the sensitivity of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to inhibitors.
Use of Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection Problem in Large Astronomical Databases

In this work, we address the problem of anomaly detection in large astronomical databases by machine learning methods. The importance of such study is justified by the presence of a large amount of astronomical data that cannot be processed only by human resource. We focus our attention on finding anomalous light curves in the Open Supernova Catalog. Few types of anomalies are considered: the artifacts in the data, the cases of misclassification and the presence of previously unclassified objects. On a dataset of ~ 2000 supernova (SN) candidates, we found several interesting anomalies: one active galactic nucleus (SN2006kg), one binary microlensing event (Gaia16aye), representatives of rare classes of SNe such as super-luminous supernovae, and highly reddened objects.
Oxidative Stress Indexes for Diagnosis of Health or Disease in Humans

Oxidative stress (OS) is the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant molecules, in favor of oxidants, that causes aging and disease. Many studies have been published that demonstrate the relationship between OS and human health and disease; however, the following questions arise: (i) how are we sure that the OS is present in a biological process? (ii) Is the OS reported in the different investigations equivalent? (iii) What are the best oxidant and antioxidant markers for OS diagnosis? (iv) Can we establish the types and the intensity of the OS? (v) Does OS index could be useful for research and/or application in clinical medicine? In this regard, several indexes have been proposed to measure OS in humans relative to the state of health and disease, among which the following can be highlighted: Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), Tiol Ratios (-SH/TT, -SS/-SH, and-SS/TT), Glutathione Ratio (GSSG/GSH), Oxidative Stress Score (OSS), and OXY-index. Therefore, the aim of this review is to present the state of the art of knowledge about OS indexes for diagnosis of health or disease in humans. We searched for articles in English or Spanish in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus electronic databases published up until May 2019. The keywords used were “oxidative stress,” “index,” and “oxidative stress index. ” It was identified 11479 records in both databases, and 490 articles were analyzed. Our review suggests that all indexes analyzed allow diagnose and differentiate the OS related to human health and disease. Also, the studies on OSI, Oxy-score, and OSS indexes have proven to be reliable, practical, and with clinical utility. However, it is necessary to continue with longitudinal studies, especially assess the usefulness of the indexes in the clinical prognosis, and make comparative studies between the different indexes.