Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Agnostic Approvals in Oncology: Getting the Right Drug to the Right Patient with the Right Genomics

(1) Background: The oncology field has drastically changed with the advent of precision medicine, led by the discovery of druggable genes or immune targets assessed through next-generation sequencing. Biomarker-based treatments are increasingly emerging, and currently, six tissue-agnostic therapies are FDA-approved. (2) Methods: We performed a review of the literature and reported the trials that led to the approval of tissue-agnostic treatments and ongoing clinical trials currently investigating novel biomarker-based approaches. (3) Results: We discussed the approval of agnostic treatments: pembrolizumab and dostarlimab for MMRd/MSI-H, pembrolizumab for TMB-H, larotrectinib and entrectinib for NTRK-fusions, dabrafenib plus trametinib for BRAF V600E mutation, and selpercatinib for RET fusions. In addition, we reported novel clinical trials of biomarker-based approaches, including ALK, HER2, FGFR, and NRG1. (4) Conclusions: Precision medicine is constantly evolving, and with the improvement of diagnostic tools that allow a wider genomic definition of the tumor, tissue-agnostic targeted therapies are a promising treatment strategy tailored to the specific tumor genomic profile, leading to improved survival outcomes.
Well-posedness and blow-up phenomena for the 2-component Camassa-Holm equation

After some remarks on a possible zero-curvature formulation we first establish local well-posedness for the 2-component Camassa-Holm equation. Then precise blow-up scenarios for strong solutions to the system are derived. Finally we present two blow-up results for strong solutions to the system.
Exploring coping strategies of retired elderly persons in Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria: implication for counselling

Retirement involves the transition from one stage in life to another. This transition has some implications which require coping strategies to survive the occurrences. This study, therefore, investigated coping strategies of retired elderly persons in Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria. The research design is a descriptive survey. The population of the study comprised elderly persons in Kwara State and the target population consisted of retired elderly persons in selected local government areas in Ilorin Metropolis. 300 retired elderly persons were purposively selected through snowball sampling, with the assistance of the pension office.Questionnaires were used for data collection. The data was analysed using mean and analysis of variance. The results show that retired people adopted the coping strategies of having regular contact with people, spending time in nature (sleeping), performing regular exercise, seeking spiritual comfort, engaging in pleasurable hobbies and receiving support from family. However, there were significant differences in the coping strategies of retired persons in Ilorin Metropolis on the basis of gender, marital status and educational qualifications. The study recommended that male and female retirees should be encouraged to attend retirement counselling regularly, to adjust to the challenges of retirement. This implies that retirement counselling should be arranged for the elderly to ensure better health, emotional stability and physical functioning. This study has provided fresh information regarding coping with retirement that can be used for comparative studies as well as for informing retirement education and management within and outside employment in Nigeria, and perhaps elsewhere.
EVOLUTION IN DIPLOID POPULATIONS WITH CONTINUITY OF GAMETIC TYPES

This work studies the long-term effects of mutation and selection pressures on a diploid population embracing many genetic types. A number of results previously established for the simpler asexual case (see [4]) are extended to the cases of random mating and complete inbreeding (Theorem 1), and then, under particular conditions, to certain circumstances of mixed random mating and inbreeding (Theorem 3 and Corollary 1). Several implications for sex and diploidity are drawn from Theorem 2 and its corollaries. Further biological interpretations of these findings, especially of Theorem 2, are given in [3]. HAPLOID; DIPLOID; SEX; INBREEDING; RANDOM MATING; HETEROZYGOTE; MUTATION SELECTION; RATE OF EVOLUTION; DISTRIBUTION OF FITNESS; DISTRIBUTION OF MUTATION; ASYMPTOTIC DISTRIBUTION OF FITNESS; MONOTONE LIKELIHOOD RATIO; POLYA FUNCTIONS; TOTALLY POSITIVE FUNCTIONS; STATISTIC ORDERING OF FITNESS
Population Genetic Structure and Diversity of Cryptic Species of the Plant Genus Macrocarpaea (Gentianaceae) from the Tropical Andes

The Pleistocene climatic oscillations (PCO) that provoked several cycles of glacial–interglacial periods are thought to have profoundly affected species distribution, richness and diversity around the world. While the effect of the PCO on population dynamics at temperate latitudes is well known, considerable questions remain about its impact on the biodiversity of neotropical mountains. Here, we use amplified fragment length polymorphism molecular markers (AFLPs) to investigate the phylogeography and genetic structure of 13 plant species belonging to the gentian genus Macrocarpaea (Gentianaceae) in the tropical Andes. These woody herbs, shrubs or small trees show complex and potentially reticulated relationships, including cryptic species. We show that populations of M. xerantifulva in the dry system of the Rio Marañón in northern Peru have lower levels of genetic diversity compared to other sampled species. We suggest that this is due to a recent demographic bottleneck resulting from the contraction of the montane wet forests into refugia because of the expansion of the dry system into the valley during the glacial cycles of the PCO. This may imply that the ecosystems of different valleys of the Andes might have responded differently to the PCO.
Feasibility of Backward Compatible MIMO Broadcasting: Issues in SISO-MIMO Coexistence

This paper introduces the application of backward compatible (B-Comp) MIMO for simultaneously supporting inter-tower communications network (ITCN) and legacy digital television (DTV) service. In B-Comp MIMO systems, SISO and MIMO broadcasting are overlaid on the same frequency, where the SISO transmission is subject to compliance with legacy system protocol. In this work, the several configurations of B-Comp MIMO are proposed in terms of physical layer multiplexing (e.g., layered or time-division multiplexing) and antenna assignment in legacy transmission, and accordingly, system-specific issues on each configuration affecting the performance degradation or practical realization are discovered. Moreover, the spectral efficiency performance of each configuration is derived and analyzed under the system-specific issues in terms of the achievable throughput for ITCN while guaranteeing the legacy service’s requirements. Through such investigations with qualitative inspections, theoretic analysis, and numerical simulations, practical observations are modeled in a theoretic framework, and performance-objected tradeoffs are explicitly revealed to allow insightful decisions to answer which configuration is optimal for each use case. Lastly, the performance penalties from pilot-related limitations are delved into and hence a comprehensive inspection is allowed in a practical view.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Evaluation of Alveolar Bone Thickness and Root Angulation in Anterior Maxilla for Planning Immediate Implant Placement

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to measure the labial, palatal, mesial, and distal bone thickness around maxillary central and lateral incisors and canines and height from crest to apex, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and compare the results based on gender. The second objective of the study was to measure root angulation on CBCT images and its relation with the labial cortical thicknesses. Material and Methods: After the Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, a total of 140 CBCT volumes were included in this study according to the set criteria. On each scan, right-side maxillary central, lateral incisors, and canine were selected for the measurements. All the measurements were done at three levels at the alveolar crest (L1), mid-root (L2), and apical region (L3) for each tooth. Results: The Student’s t-test was performed to compare the result of buccal, palatal, mesial, and distal bone thickness, angulation, and height of all subjects. Buccal alveolar bone thickness was minimum at the mid-root region, and the palatal bone thickness was minimum at the crestal region. The mesial bone thickness was minimum at the mid-root level, and distal bone thickness was minimum at the crest level. The available bone height was maximum at the lateral incisor and equal for the central incisor and canine. The canine was the most angulated tooth. Conclusion: Cone beam computed tomography is a reliable imaging modality to evaluate pre-surgical immediate implant sites and measure alveolar bone thickness. The canine was the most angulated tooth with more buccal alveolar bone thickness.
On smoothness of Tukey depth contours

The smoothness of Tukey depth contours is a regularity condition often encountered in asymptotic theory, among others. This condition ensures that the Tukey depth fully characterizes the underlying multivariate probability distribution. In this paper we demonstrate that this regularity condition is rarely satisfied. It is shown that even well-behaved probability distributions with symmetrical, smooth and (strictly) quasi-concave densities may have non-smooth Tukey depth contours, and that the smoothness behaviour of depth contours is fairly unpredictable.
On the stability of periodic solutions of nonlinear dispersive equations

In this work, we consider varying aspects of the stability of periodic traveling wave solutions to nonlinear dispersive equations. In particular, we are interested in deriving universal geometric criterion for the stability of particular third order nonlinear dispersive PDE’s. We begin by studying the spectral stability of such solutions to the generalized Korteweg-de Vries (gKdV) equation. Using the integrable structure of the ODE governing the traveling wave solutions of the gKdV, we are able to determine the role of the null-directions of the linearized operator in the stability of the traveling wave to perturbations of long-wavelength by conducting what amounts to a rigorous Whitham theory calculation. By then considering the characteristic polynomial of the monodromy map (the periodic Evans function) in a neighborhood of the origin in the spectral plane, we derive two separate instability indices. The first is a modulational stability index which, assuming a particular non-degeneracy condition holds, determines a rigorous normal form of the spectrum in the neighborhood of the origin, and yields necessary and sufficient criterion for the traveling wave to be modulationally stable. The second is an orientation index which counts modulo 2 the total number of periodic eigenvalues of the linearized operator with the positive real axis. This is essentially a generalization of the solitary wave stability index. Both of these indices are expressible in terms of a map between a parameter space which parameterizes the periodic traveling waves of the gKdV to the conserved quantities of the governing PDE. Moreover, we show how our general methods can be used to derive transverse-modulational instability indices, i.e. in analyzing the stability of such solutions to long-wavelength transverse perturbations in higher dimensional equations. We also study the nonlinear stability of periodic traveling wave solutions of the
Cyberbullying and PIU Among Adolescents Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Association With Adolescents Relationships

This study examines the role of adolescents-parents/teachers/peers relationships as explanatory variables of cyberbullying and problematic Internet-use (PIU) pre-and during COVID-19 pandemic. Questionnaires were delivered to 348 adolescents ages 13 to 18 years (M = 15.05) at two time-points, provided a rare opportunity for assessment the pandemic effect. A significant increase was found in Internet-usage and PIU from pre-pandemic to during the pandemic-lockdown, although no change was found in cyber-perpetrating/victimization, but a decrease in cyber-witnessing. An increase was found in adolescents-teachers/peers relationships, while adolescent-parent relationships remained unchanged and strong. Intensive Internet-use was a positive explanatory variable for stronger teachers/peers relationships. When adolescent-peer relationships were stronger, the cyber-perpetrating/victimization were lower. Also, reinforcements in adolescents-teachers relationships during the lockdown may have influenced the decrease in cyberbullying.
Impact of the Family and Household Environment on Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis in Japan

Pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) can negatively impact the family quality of life (QoL). We report data from the real-world Epidemiology of Children with Atopic Dermatitis Reporting on their Experience (EPI-CARE) study in Japanese pediatric patients, focusing on disease impact on family QoL. Children and adolescents aged 6 months to <18 years completed an online survey between September 2018–December 2019. The impact of disease severity on family QoL and its effect on parents’ time were assessed using the dermatitis family impact (DFI) questionnaire. The impact of a family history of allergic conditions, current residency, second-hand smoke exposure, and household pets on AD prevalence and severity was also assessed. Family QoL decreased as AD severity increased, particularly in families with children aged <6 years; but had the greatest impact on sleep and tiredness in families with children aged <12 years. Parents spent at least 4.6 h/week caring for children <6 years, including those with mild symptoms. Most children (>80%) had a family history of allergic conditions; AD prevalence was increased in those exposed to second-hand smoke or household pets. This study demonstrated that pediatric AD in Japanese individuals has negative impacts on family QoL and that family and household environments can influence pediatric AD prevalence.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS ON TYPHOON KHANUN

Typhoon Khanun(200515)is one of the landfall typhoon which made the seriousdisaster on the way in recent years.This paper is based upon the fifth-generation NCAR/Penn State Mesoscale Model(MM5V3),using high resolution triple-nested domain.We haveexperimented with the typhoon Khanun by four kinds of initialization respectively,analyzedand discussed the influence of the initialization of the model to the forecast effect.Theresults show that the MM5 model has the certain ability to the simulation forecast oftyphoon.In according to the usual way,bogussing vortex and the routine observation datais put into the initial field of MM5,the effect of track and intensity forecast can beimproved obviously.When the unconventional data such as the quikscat satellite sea surfacewind is put into the initial field,the forecast track error can be reduced,the effect of theintensity forecast can be ameliorated too.
Variational renormalization group methods for extended quantum systems

bipartition is equally possible. If O (A) and O (B) represent two observables that act non-trivially only on party A, respectively on party B , then the connected correlation function ΓA,B is defined as ΓA,B = 〈O (A)⊗O (B)〉− 〈O (A)〉 〈O (B)〉 . (1.42) For local classical theories, these correlations are bound by the Bell inequality [55] or the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality [56], whereas entanglement allows for a violation of these inequalities for quantum theories, thus indicating that quantum theories cannot be explained by underlying classical models. Entanglement is made possible by the tensor product construction of Hilbert spaces for composite systems. A simple classical state ρ(C ) of the system C would look like ρ(C ) = ρ(A)⊗ρ(B) so that ρ(C )(O (A)⊗O (B)) = ρ(A)(O (A))ρ(B)(O (B)) = ρ(C )(O (A))ρ(C )(O (B)) and ΓA,B = 0. Classical systems can of course have non-zero correlations due to probabilistic mixtures (e.g. due to thermal fluctuations). The most general class of states that do not violate the Bell inequalities for classical correlations is called the class of separable states ρ(C ) sep and are given by [57] ρ(C ) sep = ∑ k pkρ (A) k ⊗ρ k . (1.43) A general quantum state ρ(C ) cannot be decomposed in this way. The subsystems A and B are then entangled, resulting in non-classical correlations between them. Nevertheless, the fundamental role of entanglement did at first not get widely accepted in standard quantum mechanics. Only after quantum information theory identified entanglement as the key resource for an exponential speedup with quantum computers, the importance of entanglement in strongly correlated quantum systems became clear. 2.1. Measures and properties The concept of entanglement is most easily introduced for isolated systems C that allow for a bipartition into a subsystem A and B . By the assumption of isolation of C , we imply that the quantum state of C is given by a pure state ρ(C ) = Ψ, to which corresponds a state vector |Ψ〉 ∈H(C ) =H(A)⊗H(B) or a density operator ρ̂ ) Ψ = |Ψ〉 〈Ψ|. We henceforth assume that dimH(C ) = dimH(A)+ dimH(B) is finite so that there is no problem with defining these Hilbert spaces. If we introduce orthogonal bases {|Φ(A) α 〉 ;α= 1, . , dimH(A)} and {|Φ β 〉 ;β= 1, . , dimH(B)} forH(A) andH(B), then we can construct the product basis {|Φ(A) α 〉⊗ |Φ β 〉 ;α= 1, . , dimH(A);β= 1, . , dimH(B)} forH(C ) and expand |Ψ〉 as |Ψ〉= dimH(A) ∑
A Forage Allowance by Forage Type Interaction Impacts the Daily Milk Yield of Early Lactation Dairy Cows

Simple Summary We observed a forage allowance by forage type effect on improvements in the daily milk yield of dairy cows grazing swards sown with perennial ryegrass, white clover and plantain relative to those sown to perennial ryegrass only. Improvements in milk yield were evident at lower forage allowances of 14 to 20 kg of dry matter/cow per day (inclusive), diminishing at the highest allowance of 25 kg of dry matter/cow per day. At the lower forage allowances, energy intake would have been a limiting factor for milk production, potentially highlighting the nutritive advantages of plantain and white clover. Increasing species diversity is a possible strategy for overcoming seasonal nutritive challenges present in perennial ryegrass monocultures. Abstract We tested for a forage allowance effect on the milk yield of early lactation dairy cow herds grazing swards sown with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) relative to perennial ryegrass alone. The examined allowances consisted of offering 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 or 25 kg of dry matter (DM)/cow per day of grazeable herbage, with diverse swards sown as mixtures and spatially adjacent monocultures. After adapting cows to their assigned forage type for 8 days, treatment effects on milk yield and composition, blood metabolites (beta-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids and urea concentrations), body weight change, forage intake and selection differentials for forage species and certain nutrients were monitored over 7 days. We confirmed a forage allowance effect on milk yield improvements in dairy cows grazing diverse swards relative to perennial ryegrass monocultures. Improvements in milk yield were evident at forage allowances of 14 to 20 kg of DM/cow per day, diminishing at the highest allowance of 25 kg of DM/cow per day. Improvements in milk yield for the mixture and spatially adjacent monocultures peaked at forage allowances of 18 and 16 kg of DM/cow per day, equalling increases of 1.3 and 1.2 kg of milk/cow per day, respectively.
Effect of Pre-Germinative Treatments on Eight Priority Native Species for Reforestation in the Tropical Deciduous Forest

Increasing the germination percentages from chemical and/or mechanical processes in native species is vital for the conservation of the species. The objective was to evaluate the effect of different treatments on the germination process of species belonging to the tropical deciduous forest (TDF) in a forest nursery. Eight species of trees and shrubs reported to be native to the TDF were selected; the seeds were collected from various sites of the state of Queretaro, Mexico. A randomized design of four replicates with 25 seeds was used, for which three pre-germinative scarification treatments were evaluated for each species: (1) thermal scarification (TS), (2) mechanical scarification (MS), and (3) chemical scarification (CS). Germination was considered as the protrusion of cotyledons onto the substrate and was recorded every 48 h for 60 days. A significant difference was observed between treatments (p ≤ 0.05). The mechanical treatment (MS) obtained the highest germination percentage and the least variation, in contrast to the thermal, chemical, and control treatments, which presented the lowest amount of germinated seeds. The MS treatment was the most effective for all the species studied because it allowed for 100% of the germination to be achieved.
Mixed Depression in the Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Correlation between Excitatory Symptoms in Depression and Physical Burden after COVID-19

The relationship between depression and post-COVID-19 disease syndrome (post-COVID-19 syndrome) is established. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the association between post-COVID-19 syndrome and mixed depression, i.e., a specific sub-form of depression characterized by high level of excitatory symptoms. Aims of the present study are: (a) to compare the post-COVID-19 syndrome’s burden in depressed and non-depressed patients, and (b) to investigate the correlation between post-COVID-19 syndrome’s burden and the severity of mixed depression. One thousand and forty six (n = 1460) subjects with post-COVID-19 syndrome were assessed. Subjects were divided into those with (DEP) or without (CONT) depression. Sociodemographically, post-COVID-19 syndrome’s symptoms number and type were compared. In DEP, association between levels of excitatory symptoms and the presence of post-COVID-19 syndrome’s symptoms were additionally assessed. DEP showed greater percentages of family history of psychiatric disorders than CONT. DEP showed higher percentages of post-COVID-19 symptoms than CONT. A greater level of excitatory symptoms were associated to higher frequencies of post-COVID-19 syndrome’ symptoms. Higher levels of post-COVID-19 syndrome’s symptoms in DEP corroborate the evidence of a common pathway between these two syndromes. Presence of excitatory symptoms seem to additionally add a greater illness burden. Such findings might help clinicians choose the appropriate treatment for such states. More specifically, therapies aimed to treat excitatory symptoms, such as antipsychotics and mood stabilizers, might help reduce the illness burden in post-COVID-19 patients with mixed depression.