Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FIELD APPEARANCE OF Platygaster diplosisae RISBEC (HYMENOPTERA: PLATYGASTRIDAE) AND Aprostocetus procerae RISBEC (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) AS BIOCONTROL AGENTS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF Orseolia oryzivora HARRIS AND GAGNÉ (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) IN NIGERIA

Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagné is an important insect pest of rice in many African countries. Its infestation could result in total crop failure in endemic areas. The use of bio-control agents in the management of the pest is currently attracting the attention of researchers. Two parasitoids; Platygaster diplosisae an endoparasitoid and Aprostocetus procerae an ectoparasitoid have been found to parasitize a large proportion of O. oryzivora . The efficiency of the two parasitoids was compared in the field during 2006/2007, to establish the proportion of the midge parasitized and the amount of that parasitism attribute to each of the parasitoids. Percentage parasitism was established from dissection of collected rice galls. The parasitoids larvae recovered in our studies showed that P. diplosisae appeared earlier in the field and was dominant throughout the period of investigation, than A. procerae that appeared late and had lower parasitism throughout the period of investigation in both locations. Peak parasitism of the midge occurred between the 2 nd and 4 th weeks of October for the two parasitoids, years and locations. This study suggests that P. diplosisae is a more efficient parasitoid and it’s anticipated that it will contribute to the control of O. oryzivora in Nigeria. The was planted with lowland rice in each and measured approximately 0.5 ha. Planting was done from May of each farming year. The rice variety grown at Ogidiga was Cisadane – released as FARO 51 in Nigeria. At Edozhigi, ITA 306 (also known as FARO 37) was used. Both varieties are susceptible to the AfRGM. Insecticides were not applied on any of the fields sampled. Sampling for AfRGM infestation and percentage parasitism by both parasitods were conducted at monthly intervals at both locations from June to December of 2006 and 2007. For each field sampled, 50 plants were randomly selected to assess the intensity of damage due to AfRGM (% tiller infestation) and dissected for % parasitism (parasitized larvae and pupae and parasitoid species present).
Outskirts of galaxy clusters : intense life in the suburbs : proceedings of the 195th colloquium of the International Astronomical Union, Torino, Italia, March 12-16, 2004

Part I. The Cosmic Web: A. The matter distribution B. Theoretical tools C. Clusters in action Part II. Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Clusters: A. Diffuse baryons B. Building clusters C. Theoreticians at work. Part III. Formation and Transformation of Galaxies: A. Nurture and genetics of galaxies B. Building galaxies C. The galaxy melting pot.
Neurog1 Can Partially Replace Atoh1 to Differentiate and Maintain Hair Cells in a Disorganized Organ of Corti

Atoh1, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor (TF), is essential for the differentiation of hair cells (HCs), mechanotransducers that convert sound into auditory signals in the mammalian organ of Corti (OC). Previous work demonstrated that replacing mouse Atoh1 with the fly ortholog atonal rescues HC differentiation, indicating functional replacement by other bHLH genes. However, replacing Atoh1 with Neurog1 resulted in reduced HC differentiation compared to transient Atoh1 expression in a ‘self-terminating’ Atoh1 conditional null mouse (Atoh1-Cre; Atoh1). We now show that combining Neurog1 in one allele with removal of floxed Atoh1 in a ‘self-terminating’ conditional mutant (Atoh1-Cre; Atoh1) mouse results in significantly more differentiated inner HCs and outer HCs that have a prolonged longevity of nine months compared to Atoh1 ‘self-terminating’ littermates. Stereocilia bundles are partially disorganized, disoriented and not HC type specific. Replacement of Atoh1 with Neurog1 maintains limited expression of Pou4f3 and Barhl1 and rescues HCs quantitatively, but not qualitatively. OC patterning as well as supporting cell differentiation is also partially disrupted. Diffusible factors involved in patterning are reduced (Fgf8) and factors involved in cell interactions are changed (Jag1, Hes5). Despite presence of many HCs with stereocilia these mice are deaf, possibly related to HC and OC patterning defects. This study provides a novel approach to disrupt OC development through modulating the HC specific intracellular TF network. The resulting disorganized OC indicates that normally differentiated HCs act as ‘self-organizers’ for OC development and that Atoh1 plays a critical role to initiate HC stereocilia differentiation independent of HC viability. D ev el op m en t A cc ep te d m an us cr ip t
Novel Therapeutic Targets for Older Drugs

drug was identified while it was in human use in the treatment of entirely different disease. One of the best examples is the prototypical antidepressant compound iproniazid. The antidepressant potential of iproniazid was discovered and monoamine hypothesis of depression proposed [6] based upon evidence that antihypertensive drug reserpine produced depression like effects in patients treated with the drug, while euphoria and hyperactive behavior appeared in patients treated with iproniazid for tuberculosis. Preclinical studies reported that reserpine binds with vesicular uptake sites to inhibit the storage of monoamines. The monoamines not stored in the synaptic vesicles are degraded and a synaptic depletion of monoamine produces depression like effects. Iproniazid was found to inhibit the degradation of monoamines by monoamine oxidase to alleviate reserpine-induced depression in animal models.
Expression of Siglec-E alters the phenotype of macrophages but does not affect LPS-driven cytokine production or TLR4 endocytosis

Siglec-E is a murine CD33-related siglec that functions as an inhibitory receptor and is expressed mainly on neutrophils and macrophage populations. Recent studies have suggested that siglec-E is an important negative regulator of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and one macrophages, the functional significance of which is currently unclear. Mann–Whitney rank-sum test. All experiments were performed at least twice. p Values of < 0.05 were considered significant.
Gravity-Superconductors Interactions as a Possible Means to Exchange Momentum with the Vacuum

We report on work in progress in quantum field theory about possible interactions between coherent matter, i.e. matter described by a macroscopic wave function or a classical field, and a certain class of vacuum fluctuations, called "zero-modes of the Einstein action". These are little-known virtual masses present in the vacuum state of quantum gravity. A couple of equal masses of this kind can be excited by an oscillating coherent source with frequency f and decays to its ground state emitting a virtual graviton, which can propagate and transfer momentum p to ordinary matter. The virtual masses recoil in the emission, and this amounts to a transfer of momentum -p to the vacuum; this momentum can be passed in turn to some matter, or not. The energy hf for the process does not come from the vacuum, but from the coherent source. The ratio hf/p is of the order of 1 m/s. This model was developed to explain experimental results showing the emission of anomalous high-momentum radiation from certain superconductors, sometimes with a strong recoil of the emitters. The recoil is energetically quite efficient, at least at small power, and could be exploited for propulsion. It has not been tested in space, however, and our model cannot yet predict if the recoil is affected by the presence of near matter. (Another model predicts that it is not.) We also briefly mention a possible application of the anomalous radiation itself and we evaluate the (large) electric and magnetic field strength needed to produce an effect equivalent to that of a superconducting emitter.
Simultaneous Removal of Hg 0 and H 2 S over a Regenerable Fe 2 O 3 /AC Catalyst

: Simultaneous removal of Hg 0 and H 2 S over a regenerable activated coke supported Fe 2 O 3 catalyst (Fe 2 O 3 /AC) was studied in simulated coal-derived syngas. It was found that the Fe 2 O 3 /AC catalyst exhibited high capability for Hg 0 and H 2 S removal, which was attributed to the catalytic oxidation activity of Fe 2 O 3 . Its capability for Hg 0 and H 2 S removal increased with an increase of Fe 2 O 3 loading amount, and the highest was at 150 ◦ C for Hg 0 removal. CO and H 2 showed no obvious effect on Hg 0 removal by Fe 2 O 3 /AC, while H 2 S had a promotion effect, which was due to S and FeSx produced by the H 2 S reaction on Fe 2 O 3 /AC. The results of SEM-EDX and the temperature programmed desorption experiment (TPD) revealed that Fe 2 O 3 played a critical role in Hg 0 oxidation, and HgS was generated upon the reaction of Hg 0 with H 2 S on Fe 2 O 3 /AC. The used Fe 2 O 3 /AC catalyst after Hg 0 and H 2 S removal could be effectively regenerated and still had high capability for Hg 0 and H 2 S removal. immersed in a constant temperature water bath, and a certain ﬂow of nitrogen was used as the carrier gas. All of the gas tubes for Hg 0 delivery were heated by heating tape and kept at 120 ◦ C to avoid the possible adsorption of Hg 0 . After the furnace was program heated up to the desired temperature, Hg 0 and H 2 S removal experiments were carried out at constant temperature for 4 h. The Hg 0 concentration before and after the reactor was continuously measured by a RA-915M mercury analyzer (Lumex Instruments, Saint Petersburg, Russia). The exhaust gas was evacuated after activated carbon treatment. The performance of the Fe 2 O 3 /AC catalyst for Hg 0 and H 2 S removal was evaluated by removal efﬁciency (E), which was deﬁned as follows:
Journal of Child & Adolescent Behavior Association of Family Structure and its Environment with Aggressive Behaviour of Children (6-8years) in a Rural Community

Objectives: To determine the association of family structure and family environment with aggressive behavior of children (6-8years) in a rural community of Gadap town, Karachi, Pakistan Subjects and Methods: This is a questionnaire based cross sectional survey to determine the association of family structure and environment with aggressive behavior of children (6-8years). Aggressive behaviour is defined as sudden, explosive outbursts of anger and has been reported as a clinical problem in approximately 23% -40% of children in some communities. The information was collected by interviewing parents regarding their family structure, family environment and aggressive behavior of children in school and at home. This quantitative assessment was made on a validated Performa. The data was analyzed on SPSS windows version 16. Results: Total numbers of respondents were 384. The impact of aggressive behavior in children were anger 32.8%, violence 36.5%, lack of tolerance for minor disputes 32.3%, respectively. The reliability statistics table had the actual value for Cronbach’s alpha at 89.1%. The association of aggressive behavior in children has been rooted in the family size in 34.4%, family type 27.6%, family environment 23.7% and intimate partner violence in 30.2%. Conclusion: One third of school children had aggressive behaviour directly related to family size and family environment in a rural area. The significant major risk factors were age, family size 34.4%, family type 27.6%, family environment 23.7% and intimate partner violence in 30.2%.
YOGURT FORTIFIED WITH VEGETABLE OILS Healthy yogurt fortified with omega-3 from vegetable sources

The concentration of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) in yogurt was increased using five different vegetable oils obtained from flaxseed (FS), Camelina sativa (CAM), raspberry (RAS), blackcurrant (BC) and Echium plantagineum (EC). The vegetable oils were added to partially skimmed milk before lactic fermentation at a concentration adequate enough to cover at least 10 % of the recommended daily intake of 2 g/day of α linolenic acid (ALA) according to Regulation CE n° 432/2012. Microbiological (lactobacilli and streptococci, yeast and molds) and chemical (pH, syneresis, proximate-composition, fatty acids, oxidation stability) and sensory evaluations were assessed for all of the fortified yogurts after 0, 7, 14, and 21 days of storage at 4 °C. Sensory evaluations were conducted at 21 days of storage at 4 °C. Among the yogurts produced, those that were supplemented with FS and BC oils exhibited the highest ALA content (more than 200 mg/100 g of yogurt) at the end of storage. The addition of oil did not influence the growth of lactic acid bacteria that were higher than 10 7 cfu/g at 21 d of storage. All of the yogurts were accepted by consumers, except for those supplemented with RAS and EC oils due to the presence of off-flavors.
Adler–Kostant–Symes scheme for face and Calogero–Moser–Sutherland-type models

We give the construction of quantum Lax equations for IRF models and the difference version of the Calogero–Moser–Sutherland model introduced by Ruijsenaars. We solve the equations using factorization properties of the underlying face Hopf algebras/elliptic quantum groups. This construction is in the spirit of the Adler–Kostant–Symes method and generalizes our previous work to the case of face Hopf algebras/elliptic quantum groups with dynamical R matrices.
Phylogenetics of the gastropod genus Nucella (Neogastropoda: Muricidae): species identities, timing of diversiﬁcation and correlated patterns of life-history evolution Molluscan Studies

Despite the importance of Nucella as a model system in numerous ﬁelds of biology, no phylogenetic analysis of the genus, including every widely recognized species, has been conducted. We have analysed about 4,500 bp of DNA from six different genes (three mitochondrial, three nuclear) from each taxon in the genus. Our results showed western Paciﬁc N. heyseana and N. freycinetii as distinct and distantly related, but found no evidence that N. elongata is distinct from N. heyseana . We also resolved N. heyseana as the closest living relative of the North Atlantic N. lapillus and, using the fossil record for calibration, inferred a minimum separation time between Atlantic and Paciﬁc lineages of at least 6.2 Ma, slightly pre-dating the opening of the Bering Strait. Comparative analyses showed egg size to be evolutionarily labile, but also revealed a highly signiﬁcant negative relationship between egg size and the nurse-egg-to-embryo ratio. The negative correlation indicates that evolutionary changes in egg size among species are balanced by changes in the number of nurse eggs allocated to each offspring, indicating that interspeciﬁc variation in the nurse-egg-to-embryo ratio has not been driven by divergent selection on hatching size, but may instead be a response to variation in other factors, such as parent-offspring conﬂict.
University of Birmingham Gene doctoring: a method for recombineering in laboratory and pathogenic Escherichia coli strains

Background: Homologous recombination mediated by the λ -Red genes is a common method for making chromosomal modifications in Escherichia coli . Several protocols have been developed that differ in the mechanisms by which DNA, carrying regions homologous to the chromosome, are delivered into the cell. A common technique is to electroporate linear DNA fragments into cells. Alternatively, DNA fragments are generated in vivo by digestion of a donor plasmid with a nuclease that does not cleave the host genome. In both cases the λ -Red gene products recombine homologous regions carried on the linear DNA fragments with the chromosome. We have successfully used both techniques to generate chromosomal mutations in E. coli K-12 strains. However, we have had limited success with these λ -Red based recombination techniques in pathogenic E. coli strains, which has led us to develop an enhanced protocol for recombineering in such strains. Results: Our goal was to develop a high-throughput recombineering system, primarily for the coupling of genes to epitope tags, which could also be used for deletion of genes in both pathogenic and K-12 E. coli strains. To that end we have designed a series of donor plasmids for use with the λ -Red recombination system, which when cleaved in vivo by the I-SceI meganuclease generate a discrete linear DNA fragment, allowing for C-terminal tagging of chromosomal genes with a 6 × His, 3 × FLAG, 4 × ProteinA or GFP tag or for the deletion of chromosomal regions. We have enhanced existing protocols and technologies by inclusion of a cassette conferring kanamycin resistance and, crucially, by including the sacB gene on the donor plasmid, so that all but true recombinants are counter-selected on kanamycin and sucrose containing media, thus eliminating the need for extensive screening. This method has the added advantage of limiting the exposure of cells to the potential damaging effects of the λ Red system, which can lead to unwanted secondary alterations to the chromosome. Conclusion: We have developed a counter-selective recombineering technique for epitope tagging or for deleting genes in E. coli . We have demonstrated the versatility of the technique by modifying the chromosome of the enterohaemorrhagic O157:H7 (EHEC), uropathogenic CFT073 (UPEC), enteroaggregative O42 (EAEC) and enterotoxigenic H10407 (ETEC) E. coli strains as well as in K-12 laboratory strains.
Inactivation of Poliovirus 1 and F-Speciﬁc RNA Phages and Degradation of Their Genomes by UV Irradiation at 254 Nanometers (cid:1)

Several models (animal caliciviruses, poliovirus 1 [PV1], and F-speciﬁc RNA bacteriophages) are usually used to predict inactivation of nonculturable viruses. For the same UV ﬂuence, viral inactivation observed in the literature varies from 0 to 5 logs according to the models and the methods (infectivity versus molecular biology). The lack of knowledge concerning the mechanisms of inactivation due to UV prevents us from selecting the best model. In this context, determining if viral genome degradation may explain the loss of infectivity under UV radiation becomes essential. Thus, four virus models (PV1 and three F-speciﬁc RNA phages: MS2, GA, and Q (cid:1) ) were exposed to UV radiation from 0 to 150 mJ · cm (cid:2) 2 . PV1 is the least-resistant virus, while MS2 and GA phages are the most resistant, with phage Q (cid:1) having an intermediate sensitivity; respectively, 6-log, 2.3-log, 2.5-log, and 4-log decreases for 50 mJ · cm (cid:2) 2 . In parallel, analysis of RNA degradation demonstrated that this phenomenon depends on the fragment size for PV1 as well as for MS2. Long fragments (above 2,000 for PV1 and MS2 the background level decrease) 20 mJ · cm (cid:2) mJ · cm (cid:2) UV-induced RNA PV1 UV-induced kinetics UV-induced inactivation. The test the and the incident average irradiance. Required exposure times were calculated by dividing the UV ﬂuence by irradiance. For uniform lamp the up for at least 30 min before each experiment. A stir plate was placed the collimated beam for slow stirring of the viral suspensions. Radiation experiments were performed at room temperature with continuous stirring. Linear regression analyses were carried out for comparisons of virus inactivation rates.
HSOA Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders Cognition, Brain Function and Plasticity in the Overweight and Obese - A Review

Obesity has been a growing health concern globally. As the prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly worldwide, studying the mechanisms, manifestations and prevention of obesity is very im -portant. This review aims to look at brain function and cognition in those who are obese or overweight. Obesity has been a risk factor for dementia, cognitive decline and also Alzheimer’s disease. There is evidence that neurological consequences can occur with obesity. The normal human energy system for obesity can become impaired, which can result in cognitive impairment. Studies have demonstrated that cognitive impairment could happen due to factors associated with obesity like diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol and metabolic syndrome. Obesity is related with reduced brain plasticity, mo tor control and cognition however, the research looking at how cognitive function is influenced by obesity is limited. However, overweight and obesity, as well as their related non-communicable diseases, are largely preventable. Evidence has shown that obesity effects on cognitive function are not immediately understood as obesity may af- fect cognitive function of various people in different ways, especially with different age groups. More research should be carried out for understanding how structure and function of the brain may facilitate associations of age and obesity with cognition.
Interactive comment on “Overview of the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment/Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing on the Mediterranean Climate (ChArMEx/ADRIMED) summer

A better knowledge of the radiative inﬂuence of the aerosols on the Mediterranean climate is important to estimate their impact on the global warming. The Mediterranean region is rich in a variety of particles from both continental and marine sources. This paper presents the ﬁrst results of an ambitious experimental campaign, based on surface and aircraft observations that propose a rather complete view of the physiochem-ical and optical properties of the Mediterranean aerosol. In addition, the data analysis takes beneﬁt of the expertise from a large group of recognized scientists. Although we could discuss of the relevance of such a long paper, this manuscript brings valuable advanced results on the aerosol properties across the Mediterranean basin. However, some questions arise when reading the manuscript. First of all, if the objectives of the ChArMEx/ADRIMED project are well-presented in the introduction, the aim and the borders of the paper should be better précised, more particularly in view of the fact that the authors continuously refer along the paper to other published results on the same topics (for instance, Section 5.4.1 mainly deals with the results of Nicolas et al. (2015) and Meloni et al. (2015)). Few parts of the manuscript looks like a compilation of results which could have been more synthesized. In particular, our understanding would gain a lot if the authors could provide a synthesis of the different results they obtained to make the reader see how to relate them, as for the AOD data in Section 5.2 or for estimates of the radiative forcing reported in Section 5.4.