Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Mesozoic Buprestids (Coleoptera) from Eurasian deposits

ALEXEEV, A.V. 1999. A Survey of Mesozoic Buprestids (Coleoptera) from Eurasian deposits. In: AMBA/AM/PFICM98/1.99: 5-9. The results of the revision of materials on mainly from European localities adduced in a monograph by HANDLIRSCH (1906-1908) and a survey of the later materials published mainly from Asian occurrences as well as those on the Triassic of Australia (TILLYARD and DUNSTAN, 1924) are presented in the paper. The absence of authentic finds of buprestids in Triassic localities is marked. A special attention is paid to an interesting peculiarity of the materials on Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous buprestids represented authentically by certain remainders of the whole beetles. All of the whole beetles have wing-cases with only 10 dotted grooves. This feature together with the others allows the determination with much more reliability the classification of the remainders of Mesozoic beetles represented by isolated wing-cases to buprestids.
Rural Beach Management: A Good Practice Guide

The Good Practice Guide is based on the experience of Donegal LIFE coastal management projects and provides practical advice for dealing with the challenges facing rural beach and dune systems. It emerged from a three-year collaboration between the University of Ulster's Coastal Research Group and Donegal County Council as part of the European Demonstration Programme in Coastal Zone Management.
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Background. Little is known about how the views of the public are related to self-stigma among people with mental health problems. Despite increasing activity aimed at reducing mental illness stigma, there is little evidence to guide and inform speciﬁc anti-stigma campaign development and messages to be used in mass campaigns. A better understanding of the association between public knowledge, attitudes and behaviours and the internalization of stigma among people with mental health problems is needed. Method. This study links two large, international datasets to explore the association between public stigma in 14 European countries (Eurobarometer survey) and individual reports of self-stigma, perceived discrimination and empowerment among persons with mental illness ( n = 1835) residing in those countries [the Global Alliance of Mental Illness Advocacy Networks (GAMIAN) study]. Results. Individuals with mental illness living in countries with less stigmatizing attitudes, higher rates of help-seeking and treatment utilization and better perceived access to information had lower rates of self-stigma and perceived discrimination and those living in countries where the public felt more comfortable talking to people with mental illness had less self-stigma and felt more empowered. Conclusions. Targeting the general public through mass anti-stigma interventions may lead to a virtuous cycle by disrupting the negative feedback engendered by public stigma, thereby reducing self-stigma among people with mental health problems. A combined approach involving knowledge, attitudes and behaviour is needed; mass interventions that facilitate disclosure and positive social contact may be the most eﬀective. Improving availability of information about mental health issues and facilitating access to care and help-seeking also show promise with regard to stigma.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Bubble formation and (in)efficient markets in learning-to-forecast and optimise experiments

This experiment compares the price dynamics and bubble formation in an asset market with a price adjustment rule in three treatments where subjects: (1) submit a price forecast only; (2) choose quantity to buy/sell and (3) perform both tasks. We ﬁnd deviation of the market price from the fundamental price in all treatments, but to a larger degree in treatments (2) and (3). Mispricing is therefore a robust ﬁnding in markets with positive expectation feedback. Some very large, recurring bubbles arise, where the price is three times larger than the fundamental value, which were not seen in former experiments.
Knowledge and Attitude of Medical Students about Insulin Resistance Symptoms, Effect, and Treatment

The inability of the target organs to react appropriately to the action of insulin is known as insulin resistance. Insulin resistance impairs insulin-mediated glucose absorption in the peripheral (skeletal muscle and adipose tissue), which results in increased blood sugar levels and increase insulin demand. Aim: This study aims to assess medical students' knowledge and attitudes on the signs, consequences, and treatments of insulin resistance. Patients and methods: There were 160 medical students at Tikrit University in all, male and female. The average age of students in the primary stages was 20 years, while that of students in the clinical stages was 23 years old. The current study, which was conducted in 2023 at Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM), is cross-sectional in nature. All data presented statically as percentage. Results: There are three forms of diabetes mellitus, according to 43.75 percent of medical students. One of the complications of DM, according to (90.63 %) of them, is vision problems. Diet modification and exercise were preferable than oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy. Conclusions: The study found that (75%) of medical students recognized the link between type 2 DM and insulin resistance, with clinical students showed a higher level of awareness in comparison with preclinical students.
STUDY ON THE SOIL DEGRADATION OF THE POPLAR PLANTATION AND THE TECHNIQUE TO PRESERVE AND INCREASE SOIL FERTILITY

The effect of the same crop, the first crop and the second crop of poplar forest, and the poplar mixed forest with Robinia pseudoacacia L. , Hippophae rhamnoides L. and Amorpha fruticosa L. on the soil nutrients, the soil micorbes and the activities of soil enzyme were studied with the data from 48 sample plots in Shandong Province, Liaoning Province, Henan Province, Hebei Province and Beijing. The results showed that (1) the soil nutrients of the same crop forests tended to be reducing with the growth of the forest in the same condition of the site. (2) the soil nutrients and the growth of the second crop forest were evidently reduced compared with those of the first crop forest. (3) the poplar mixed forest could increase the soil fertility, which was an effective way to provent soil degadation.
Fungal occurrence on sugarcane filter cake and bagasse isolated from sugar refineries in Thailand.

This study assessed the distribution and species occurrence of microscopic fungi isolated from two types of self-heating lignocellulosic materials: (1) sugarcane filter cakes (SFC) and (2) sugarcane bagasse (SBG). Three sugar mill refineries in Thailand were chosen: the Eastern Sugar & Cane Co., Ltd. (Site I), the T. N. Sugar Industry Co., Ltd. (Site II), and the Buri Ram Sugar Factory Co., Ltd. (Site III). We isolated 79 strains, which represented 23 species in 11 genera. Eight Aspergillus species (37.8% of all species) were identified and within the mycoflora this genus was predominant. The most frequently encountered taxa, which represented either the most dominant fungi or the overlapping species on the two types of lignocellulosic materials (>10%), were A. fumigatus (35.4%), Paecilomyces variotii (13.9%), and A. terreus (12.6%). These taxa correlated with the temperature of the collected samples. Fungal abundance was highest on SBG from Site II (10 species), and the species diversity (1.90) and evenness (0.60) were the greatest on both SFC and SBG from Site II with the highest moisture content. Hence, the fungal diversity correlated with the humidity of the collected lignocellulosic samples. The lowest diversity was observed on SFC from Site III (1 species). A comparison of the fungal communities on the two lignocellulosic materials and at the three selected sites revealed few differences in species composition, and the fungi found in this study are discussed in relation to published data.
An Introduction to the generalized reciprocal method of seismic refraction interpretation

The generalized reciprocal method (GRM) is a technique for delineating undulating refractors at any depth from in-line seismic refraction data consisting of forward and reverse traveltimes.The traveltimes at two geophones, separated by a variable distance XY, are used in refractor velocity analysis and time-depth calculations. At the optimum XY spacing, the upward traveling segments of the rays to each geophone emerge from near the same point on the refractor. This results in the refractor velocity analysis being the simplest and the time-depths showing the most detail. In contrast, the conventional reciprocal method which has XY equal to zero is especially prone to produce numerous fictitious refractor velocity changes, as well as producing gross smoothing of irregular refractor topography.The depth conversion factor is relatively insensitive to dip angles up to about 20 degrees, because both forward and reverse data are used. As a result, depth calculations to an undulating refractor are particularly convenient even when the overlying strata have velocity gradients.The GRM provides a means of recognizing and accommodating undetected layers, provided an optimum XY value can be recovered from the traveltime data, the refractor velocity analysis, and/or the time-depths. The presence of undetected layers can be inferred when the observed optimum XY value differs from the XY value calculated from the computed depth section. The undetected layers can be accommodated by using an average velocity based on the optimum XY value. This average velocity permits accurate depth calculations with commonly encountered velocity contrasts.
Continental margin shale tectonics: preliminary results from coupled fluid-mechanical models of large-scale delta instability

Abstract: We investigate the evolution of rifted continental margin shale tectonics using 2D finite-element models that couple sediment deformation to compaction-driven Darcy fluid flow via the effective stress. Fluid overpressures are generated in the models by a combination of mechanical compaction (grain rearrangement) and viscous compaction (grain dissolution and local reprecipitation), and lead to failure and flow of visco-plastic Bingham shale. Model results indicate that pore fluid pressures must be 90–95% of the lithostatic pressure to cause shale failure and delta destabilization. Mechanical compaction alone is insufficient to generate fluid overpressures required for failure in the models and viscous compaction is the primary source. The numerical models include delta progradation, lateral lithology variation, and flexural isostatic compensation. Seaward shale flow and associated overburden deformation results in the formation of landward regional and counter-regional fault-bounded extensional basins, a transitional domain of thickened and folded shale beneath the continental slope, and a seaward fold and thrust belt at the delta toe. The structural styles generated by the preliminary numerical models are compatible with features observed in unstable Cenozoic deltas (e.g. the Niger Delta) and provide additional insight into the fundamental relationships between deltaic sedimentation, fluid pressure generation, and margin-scale gravity spreading.
Conductive 3D nano-biohybrid systems based on densified carbon nanotube forests and living cells

Conductive biohybrid cell-material systems have applications in bioelectronics and biorobotics. To date, conductive scaffolds are limited to those with low electrical conductivity or 2D sheets. Here, 3D biohybrid conductive systems are developed using fibroblasts or cardiomyocytes integrated with carbon nanotube (CNT) forests that are densified due to interactions with a gelatin coating. CNT forest scaffolds with a height range of 120–240 µm and an average electrical conductivity of 0.6 S/cm are developed and shown to be cytocompatible as evidenced from greater than 89% viability measured by live-dead assay on both cells on day 1. The cells spread on top and along the height of the CNT forest scaffolds. Finally, the scaffolds have no adverse effects on the expression of genes related to cardiomyocyte maturation and functionality, or fibroblast migration, adhesion, and spreading. The results show that the scaffold could be used in applications ranging from organ-on-a-chip systems to muscle actuators. Graphical abstract
Athlete and coach’s perspectives on sports nutritionists’ role in enhancing sports performance in Indonesia Sports Training Centers

The role of a nutritionist as a sportsman was a legal mandate listed on Law No. 3 of 2005 in Article 63 concerning the National Sports System, stated that nutritionists are one of the sports personnel. However, the implementation of the nutritionist's role in the athlete training center was still lacking. The importance of nutritionist existence ought to be assessed to explore the perception of athletes and coaches. Qualitative approach was used to analyze focus group discussions on 15 athletes and 10 coaches located in 3 cities in Indonesia (Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Malang). Results, the acceptance of the food in the training center are satisfactory even though some still eat out. More knowledge concerning nutrition, performance, and posture are obtained from in-class education, brochure, personal counselling, and small talk by the presence of nutritionists. Conclusion, athletes and coaches perceive that nutritionists are urgently necessary for optimum nutrition support to enhance sports performance.
The Representation of Pathans in Pakistani Prime-Time Urdu Drama

The research explores the representation of Pashtuns in popular Urdu dramas during prime time in Pakistan. Data was collected from six highly-watched Pakistani dramas, namely Suno Chanda, Suno Chanda Two, Bulbuley, Uraan, Googly Mohalla, and Yaqeen Ka Safar. These specific dramas were chosen purposefully due to the inclusion of Pashtun characters. A quantitative content analysis method was employed to examine the portrayal of Pashtuns in these prime-time Urdu dramas. All six dramas focused on depicting aspects of Pashtun life. The study's findings indicate that directors, producers, and actors effectively engaged the majority of the represented population. The dramas, which were both romantic and humorous, maintained a high level of entertainment without resorting to obscenity in dialogues. Language and gestures were used appropriately. In scenes set in Pashtun villages, proper Pashtun attire was consistently featured. Notably, despite the fact that the female characters in these shows were mostly non-Pashtuns, they portrayed Pashtun tribes convincingly. However, in sequences shot in urban settings, female characters were seen wearing alluring gowns that deviated from Pashtun tradition. This shift in attire was accompanied by a change in the behaviour of female actors, who exhibited more vulgar expressions. These aspects, observed in city dramas, presented a different image of Pashtuns, contradicting traditional Pashtun values.
Spatial distribution of shear wave anisotropy in the crust of the southern Hyogo region by borehole observations

SUMMARY In order to estimate the detailed orientation and density of cracks around an active fault area, we investigate the spatial distribution of shear wave anisotropy in the crust of the southern Hyogo region with high-quality waveform data recorded by a borehole network operated by the Geological Survey of Japan. We introduce the vertically aligned crack model of Hudson (1980, 1981) to explain its anisotropic structure. At stations more than 10 km away from the earthquake fault zone (i.e. Ikeda and Inagawa), crack orientation is nearly consistent with the direction of the regional maximum stress in this area (WNW–ESE). Cracks are distributed at depths below 5 km with a nearly constant crack density, e, of 0.015 at Ikeda, and below 0 km with e=0.009 at Inagawa. These upper-limit depths of crack distribution are roughly comparable with those of microearthquakes there. In contrast, cracks are aligned nearly parallel to the strike of the earthquake fault (NE–SW) at stations at both ends of the fault system (i.e. Takarazuka and Ikuha), and their intensities of anisotropy are three or four times larger than those at Ikeda and Inagawa. At Takarazuka in particular, cracks are distributed at a depth shallower than 4.5 km with a large crack density, e, of 0.06. This result suggests that major stress release by the faulting of the main shock dominates the present stress field at both ends of the fault system. In the middle of the fault system (i.e. Hirabayashi), cracks are aligned parallel to its regional maximum stress and the intensity of anisotropy is twice as large as those at Ikeda and Inagawa. This result contrasts with that of Tadokoro et al. (1999), who determined the crack orientation at a station close to Hirabayashi to be parallel to the fault direction for events in a period earlier than this study by about a year, suggesting that the stress field in this area may have changed over the timescale of a year. Around Inagawa, the distribution of anisotropy seems to have strong azimuthal variations. This result indicates small-scale (of the order of several kilometres) variations of anisotropic structure in the upper crust, probably due to strong heterogeneities in the fluid and/or constitutive materials.
Uncovering the underlying aspects of successful COVID-19 prevention and control in Thailand through factor analysis: Lessons we have not yet learned from village health volunteers

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a global challenge, leading different nations to adopt diverse strategies for prevention and control. In Thailand, Village Health Volunteers (VHVs) have played a pivotal role in the fight against the virus. As the pandemic unfolded, the critical role of VHVs became apparent, prompting a closer examination of their practices and the underlying factors contributing to their effectiveness. Objective This study aimed to uncover the underlying factors and indicators contributing to the successful prevention and control of COVID-19 by VHVs in Thailand. Methods The sample group included 10,400 VHVs nationwide. Data were collected from October 2020 to February 2021 using five-point Likert rating scale online questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Exploratory Factor Analysis technique, with Principal Component Analysis and the orthogonal Varimax method. Results The study revealed nine effective factors and 52 indicators contributing to the prevention and control of COVID-19 in Thailand. The identified factors are as follows: 1) Personal precautions, 2) Proactive disease control strategy, 3) Awareness of COVID-19 severity, 4) Pride and job motivation, 5) Adequate medical equipment and support, 6) Communication, planning, and monitoring processes, 7) Self-care for health, 8) Data collection, record maintenance, and report submission, and 9) Proper hand washing. Conclusion This research emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to community-based health interventions. It highlights the crucial role of VHVs in disseminating information, ensuring preparedness, and fostering a sense of responsibility among community members. This strategic approach will effectively contribute to ongoing efforts to successfully prevent and control the spread of COVID-19 and potential future outbreaks.
Analysis of Adoption and Implementation of International Educational Standers in Primary Schools: A Case Study of Dir Lower Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Education is a cornerstone of societal progress, and the adoption and implementation of international educational standards play a pivotal role in shaping the quality and effectiveness of primary education systems worldwide. This research presents a comprehensive case study that scrutinizes adopting and implementing international educational standards within primary schools in the Dir Lower district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study seeks to unravel the intricate dynamics that influence how global educational standards are integrated into the local educational landscape. Methodological concerns: this study utilized quantitative research methodology to incorporate the opinion of primary school teacher regarding international educational standards and their availability in the study locale. In addition, the study utilized the values of a simple random sampling technique and size 326 potential respondents through the Sekaran sample table out of 3243. Furthermore, the study collected primary data through a close-ended questionnaire and then analyzed with uni-variate, e.g., frequency and percentage, and bi-variate T-Test in order to measure the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The findings of this study reveal several significant outcomes. First, it is evident that there has been a notable effort to align the curriculum and teaching methodologies with international educational standards. However, the level of implementation varies across schools and regions within Dir Lower, suggesting disparities in the quality of education provided. Second, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, lack of teacher training, and socio-economic disparities have emerged as barriers to the effective implementation of these standards. In light of these findings, this research offers several recommendations. Firstly, there is a need for increased investment in infrastructure and teacher training programs to bridge the existing gaps in the education system. Additionally, a more standardized approach to curriculum development and teaching methodologies should be adopted to ensure uniformity across schools in Dir Lower. Furthermore, community involvement and awareness campaigns should be initiated to garner support and participation from parents and local communities.
Assessing Predictive Ability of Dynamic Time Warping Functional Connectivity for ASD Classification

Functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI) is a technique used to study the functional connectedness of distinct regions of the brain by measuring the temporal correlation between their blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals. fcMRI is typically measured with the Pearson correlation (PC), which assumes that there is no lag between time series. Dynamic time warping (DTW) is an alternative measure of similarity between time series that is robust to such time lags. We used PC fcMRI data and DTW fcMRI data as predictors in machine learning models for classifying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). When combined with dimension reduction techniques, such as principal component analysis, functional connectivity estimated with DTW showed greater predictive ability than functional connectivity estimated with PC. Our results suggest that DTW fcMRI can be a suitable alternative measure that may be characterizing fcMRI in a different, but complementary, way to PC fcMRI that is worth continued investigation. In studying different variants of cross validation (CV), our results suggest that, when it is necessary to tune model hyperparameters and assess model performance at the same time, a K-fold CV nested within leave-one-out CV may be a competitive contender in terms of performance and computational speed, especially when sample size is not large.