Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopy of PTCDA attached to rare gas samples : clusters vs . bulk matrices . I . Absorption spectroscopy

The interaction between PTCDA (3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride) and rare gas or para-hydrogen samples is studied by means of laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectroscopy. The comparison between spectra of PTCDA embedded in a neon matrix and spectra attached to large neon clusters shows that these large organic molecules reside on the surface of the clusters when doped by the pick-up technique. PTCDA molecules can adopt different conformations when attached to argon, neon and para-hydrogen clusters which implies that the surface of such clusters has a well-defined structure and has not liquid or fluxional properties. Moreover, a precise analysis of the doping process of these clusters reveals that the mobility of large molecules on the cluster surface is quenched, preventing agglomeration and complex formation. PACS numbers: 47.55. D-,36.40. -c,33.20. Kf,67.40. Yv
GUTs and exceptional branes in F-theory — II. Experimental predictions

We consider realizations of GUT models in F-theory. Adopting a bottom up approach, the assumption that the dynamics of the GUT model can in principle decouple from Planck scale physics leads to a surprisingly predictive framework. An internal U(1) hypercharge flux Higgses the GUT group directly to the MSSM or to a flipped GUT model, a mechanism unavailable in heterotic models. This new ingredient automatically addresses a number of puzzles present in traditional GUT models. The internal U(1) hyperflux allows us to solve the doublet-triplet splitting problem, and explains the qualitative features of the distorted GUT mass relations for lighter generations due to the Aharanov-Bohm effect. These models typically come with nearly exact global symmetries which prevent bare ? terms and also forbid dangerous baryon number violating operators. Strong curvature around our brane leads to a repulsion mechanism for Landau wave functions for neutral fields. This leads to large hierarchies of the form exp(? c/? 2? ) where c and ? are order one parameters and ? ~ ? GUT? 1MGUT/Mpl. This effect can simultaneously generate a viably small ? term as well as an acceptable Dirac neutrino mass on the order of 0.5 ? 10? 2? 0.5 eV. In another scenario, we find a modified seesaw mechanism which predicts that the light neutrinos have masses in the expected range while the Majorana mass term for the heavy neutrinos is ~ 3 ? 1012? 1.5 GeV. Communicating supersymmetry breaking to the MSSM can be elegantly realized through gauge mediation. In one scenario, the same repulsion mechanism also leads to messenger masses which are naturally much lighter than the GUT scale.
ON THE "FIELD-THEORETICAL APPROACH" TO THE NEUTRON-ANTINEUTRON OSCILLATIONS IN NUCLEI

It is argued that within the correct treatment of analytical properties of the transition amplitudes, in particular, the second order pole structure, characteristic for the n−¯ transition in nuclei, the ”infrared divergences” discussed in some papers, do not appear. Explicit calculation with the help of diagram technique shows that the neutron-antineutron oscillations are strongly suppressed within a deuteron, as well as within arbitrary nucleus, in comparison with the oscillations in vacuum.
Function Approximation Guarantees for a Shallow Neural Network Trained by Gradient Flow

This work features an original result linking approximation and optimization theory for deep learning. Several examples from recent literature show that, given the same number of learnable parameters, deep neural networks can approximate richer classes of functions, with better accuracy than classical methods. The bulk of approximation theory results though, are only concerned with the infimum error for all possible parameterizations of a given network size. Their proofs often rely on hand-crafted networks, where the weights and biases are carefully selected. Optimization theory indicates that such models would be difficult or impossible to realize with standard gradient-based training methods. The main result of this thesis proves that, for a single-layer neural network having m parameters, a conservative approximation rate, O(m− 1 4 ), is achieved with gradient flow training on univariate functions. This is especially noteworthy since we make no assumption of overparameterization, as is typically done with neural tangent kernel (NTK) techniques. The proof relies on an assumption that the H-norm of the residual error throughout the training process is uniformly bounded. This assumption is justified by numerical experiments which also show that rates beyond 1 4 are achieved in practice, indicating that a sharper theoretical result is most likely possible. Future work will focus on proving that the bounded H assumption is not needed and that variations of our main result can also be applied to multi-dimensional cases and deep networks.
A Meta-Learning Approach for Few-Shot (Dis)Agreement Identification in Online Discussions

Online discussions are abundant with different 001 opinions for a common topic, and identifying 002 agreement and disagreement between online 003 posts enables many opinion mining applica-004 tions. Realizing the increasing needs to analyze 005 opinions for emergent new topics (e.g., from 006 "mask mandate" to "COVID vaccination") that 007 however tend to lack annotations, we present 008 the first meta-learning approach for few-shot 009 (dis)agreement identification on a new topic 010 with few labeled instances. We further design 011 a lexicon based regularization loss and pro-012 pose domain-aware task augmentation for meta-013 training to enable the meta-learner to learn both 014 domain-invariant cues and domain-specific ex-015 pressions for (dis)agreement identification. Ex-016 tensive experiments on two benchmark datasets 017 and evaluation on three topic domains demon-018 strate the effectiveness of the meta-learning 019 approach that consistently and noticeably out-020 performs the conventional transfer learning ap-021 proach based on fine-tuning. 022
Comparative evaluation and analysis of sutured Scleral fixating intraocular lens (SFIOL) versus Retro pupillary iris claw lens implantation in the management of post cataract surgery aphakia in a tertiary care, teaching hospital in central Maharashtra.

: Introduction : In modern ophthalmology, when executing a cataract surgery, a Rigid or a foldable intraocular lens (IOL) is implanted in the patient’s eye while still rendering the posterior capsule intact. Posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation is not viable if the capsular support is insufficient or non-existent. A supplementary Iris claw lens or Scleral fixed IOL may be implanted if the condition warrants it. Aim : To assess and compare the visual acuity and sequelae (comprising of complications) of sutured Scleral fixating intraocular lenses (SFIOL) versus Retro pupillary iris claw lens implantation in the management of post cataract surgery aphakia. Methods : A retrospective comparative analysis of 120 aphakic eyes (post cataract surgery) was done where one group underwent sutured Scleral fixating intraocular lens implantation and the other group had undergone retropupillary iris claw lens implantation with a minimum follow up period of 6 months. Results : Improvement in UCVA (uncorrected visual acuity) and BCVA (best corrected visual acuity) was significantly seen in both SFIOL as well as Iris claw lens implantation(p<0.001). Time required for surgical implantation of Iris claw lens was remarkably less compared to SFIOL(p<0.001). (iris claw = 22.21 ± 4.56 minutes, SFIOL= 45.23 ±4.93minutes). Average intraocular pressure post operatively was almost similar in both the groups. Increased incidence of iritis (post operatively) (15%) was seen in retropupillary iris claw lens implantation compared to sutured SFIOL (10%). Frequent rise in intraocular pressure was seen in 12% of eyes fitted with iris claw lens and 18% of the same group also experienced oval shaped pupil. Conclusion : Both the groups retropupillary iris claw lens vs sutured SFIOL had approximately similar visual rehabilitation of 6/18-6/6(BCVA) for post cataract aphakia. In the SFIOL group Cystoid Macular Edema(CME) lasted until the final follow up in 3 cases and had no problems linked to sutures. Advantage of Iris claw implantation is that it required lesser surgical time whereas oval shaped pupil and immediate inflammation post operatively were the notable drawbacks.
Destructible Bars in Disk Galaxies under the Dynamical Influence of a Massive Central Black Hole

The characteristics of the galactic bars that are prone to suffer a damaging impact from a massive central black hole are examined using flat stellar disks. We construct three disk model groups that consist of exponential disks with one type of velocity distribution and Kuzmin‐Toomre disks with two different types of exact equilibrium distribution functions. For each disk model group, three disks that have different typical Toomre’s Q values are evolved to form bars through dynamical instability. Once a bar is fully developed, a black hole (BH), whose mass is 1% of the disk mass, is adiabatically added at the center of the disk. Our results show that lower-amplitude bars, that is weaker bars, are dissolved more easily by that BH. We have found that this destructibility is rooted in the characteristic feature that the bar formed spontaneously becomes shorter in length and rounder in shape with decreasing bar amplitude. Since such weaker bars are found to originate from colder disks in each disk model group, it follows that for a given form of velocity structure, the coldness of an initial disk determines whether the bar produced in that disk is favorable to dissolution induced by a massive central BH. In addition, the existence of bar-dissolved galaxies of the kind studied here is also discussed.
Exploring the physical properties of local star-forming ULIRGs from the ultraviolet to the infrared

We apply the da Cunha et al. (2008, MNRAS, 388, 1595) model of the spectral energy distribution (SEDs) of galaxies to a small pilot sample of purely star-forming ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). We interpret the observed SEDs of 16 ULIRGs using this physically-motivated model that accounts for both the emission of stellar populations from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared and for the attenuation by dust in two components: an optically-thick starburst component and the diffuse ISM. The infrared emission is computed by assuming that all the energy absorbed by dust in these components is re-radiated at mid- and far-infrared wavelengths. This model allows us to derive statistically physical properties including star formation rates, stellar masses, the temperatures and masses of different dust components, and plausible star formation histories. We find that, although the ultraviolet-to-near-infrared emission represents only a small fraction of the total power radiated by ULIRGs, observations in this wavelength range are important for understanding the properties of the stellar populations and dust attenuation in the diffuse ISM of these galaxies. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that the use of mid-infrared spectroscopy from the infrared spectrograph on the Spitzer Space Telescope is crucial to obtain realistic estimates of the extinction to the central energy source, mainly via the depth of the 9.7-μm silicate feature, and thus accurately constrain the total energy balance. Our findings are consistent with the notion that, in the local Universe, the physical properties of ULIRGs are fundamentally different from those of galaxies with lower infrared luminosities and that local ULIRGs are the result of merger-induced starbursts. While these are well-established ideas, we demonstrate the usefulness of our SED modelling in deriving relevant physical parameters that provide clues to the star formation mode of galaxies.
Open Research Online New understandings of fathers’ experiences of grief and loss following stillbirth and neonatal death: a scoping

Objective: To report on research conducted on men’s experiences of grief and loss following stillbirth and neonatal death in high-income, Western countries. Design: This review was guided by the following research questions: 1. The impact of perinatal death for men 2. The meaning of the loss for a father’s sense of identity 3. The extent to which men were able to express grief while supporting their partners and, 4. how men’s experience of grief was mediated by the support and care received by health professionals. Data Sources: We searched the following databases: Medline; PsychINFO; CINAHL to identify relevant articles published from the year 2000 onwards. The searches were run between 1/04/2018 and 8/4/2018. Review methods. A scoping review was conducted of nursing, psychological, medical and social science databases using these key words: fathers’ grief, men’s grief, perinatal loss and death, stillbirth and neonatal death. Results. Studies indicated that men reported less intense and enduring levels of psychological outcomes than women but were more likely to engage in avoidance and coping behaviours such as increased alcohol consumption. Men felt that their role was primarily as a ‘supportive partner’ and that they were overlooked by health professionals. Conclusions. Further research is needed on men’s experience of grief following perinatal death, especially on their physical and mental well-being. Impact: This review addressed the problem of the lack of knowledge around paternal needs following perinatal death and highlighted areas which researchers could usefully investigate with the eventual aim of improving care for fathers.
Dairy product consumption behaviour of Addis Ababa city households: A multivariate probit model approach

Although Ethiopia is holding one of the largest dairy cattle herds in the world, the per capita consumption of dairy products is low. Moreover, the dairy marketing system in the country from where the consumers obtain dairy products is dominated by the informal market that supplies raw milk which can be a risk factor for zoonotic disease transmission. Using primary data collected from 384 sample households of Addis Ababa city, determinants of dairy products purchase decision was investigated. Descriptive statistics and multivariate probit (MVP) model were used to analyse the data. The results showed that raw milk, pasteurized milk, powdered milk, cottage butter, cottage cheese, factory cheese, cottage yoghurt and factory yoghurt were purchased by 46%, 73%, 12%, 94%, 64%, 9%, 11% and 26% of the sampled households, respectively. The MVP model results indicated the interdependence of decisions to purchase different dairy products. The result of the model further revealed that religion, age and education of household head, family size, presence of children in household, and consumption value variables such as taste, price, social values (influence of friends and families), emotional values (the perception that dairy products offer pleasure and good feeling), conditional value (availability), and epistemic value (habit of trying new products) had a significant impact on dairy product purchase decision of the respondents. Therefore, addressing demographic, socio-economic and consumption value variables, and acknowledging the interdependence of decisions consumers make while purchasing multiple dairy products, would all be important factors to consider when designing policies to improve the consumers‟ nutritious food consumption and zoonotic diseases control.
Giant Dielectric Response up to High Frequency in Sm1.75Sr0.25NiO4 Ceramics

The crystalline structure and dielectric properties of nominal Sm 1.75 Sr 0.25 NiO 4 ceramics are presented. Three phases, Sm 1.70 Sr 0.30 NiO 4 , Sm 2 O 3 and NiO, are found in the present ceramics, and the abundances are 77.7(1.1) wt%, 19.2(3) wt% and 6.1(2) wt%, respectively. The temperature-stable giant dielectric constant over 60 000 even up to 5 MHz is observed in a broad temperature range. The modulus plots show that the giant dielectric constant should be originated from the contribution of the grain interior instead of grain boundary. Compared with the other giant dielectric constant materials, the present materials have the great potentiality in the practical application, especially for the high frequency application.
Ultracompact dwarfs in the Perseus Cluster: UCD formation via tidal stripping

We present the results of a Keck/DEIMOS survey of Ultra Compact Dwarfs (UCDs) in the Perseus Cluster core. We confirm cluster membership for 14 UCDs, with radial velocities ∼ 5300 km s −1 . Two of these confirmed Perseus UCDs have extremely blue colours ( B−R < 0.6 mag), reside in star forming filaments surrounding NGC 1275, and have likely formed as massive star clusters in the last ∼ 100 Myr. We also measure a central velocity dispersion of a third, UCD13 (σ0 = 38 ± 8 km s −1 ), the most extended UCD in our sample. We determine it to have radius Re = 85 ± 1.1 pc, a dynamical mass of (2.3 ± 0.8) × 10 8 M⊙, and a −0.52 +0.33 metallicity [Z/H]= dex. UCD13 and the cluster’s central galaxy, NGC 1275, −0.29 have a projected separation of 30 kpc and a radial velocity difference of ∼ 20 km s −1 . Based on its size, red colour, internal velocity dispersion, dynamical mass, metallicity and proximity to NGC 1275, we argue that UCD13 is likely the remnant nucleus of a tidally stripped dE, with this progenitor dE having MB ≈ −16 mag and mass ∼ 10 9 M⊙.
Rare Hepatic Cryptococcosis Mimicked Metastatic Liver Cancer and Confirmed by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report

Background Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) is commonly presented in immunocompromised individuals and causes cryptococcosis mostly in the respiratory and/or central nervous system. Liver cryptococcosis is exceedingly rare and sometimes difficult to diagnose through conventional assays. Case Presentation The present study reports a rare case of liver cryptococcosis characterized by increased serum carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19-9) level and intrahepatic multiple nodules without other symptoms in an immunocompetent woman. Her cancer family history and imaging examinations initially suspected metastatic liver malignancy. But no sign of the malignant tumor was found after endoscopy, 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography, and liver biopsy. The histopathology of the liver biopsy specimen indicated chronic inflammatory granuloma and then infectious diseases were suspected. However, traditional microbiologic testing failed to identify any potential pathogen. Eventually, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was applied to identify the definite diagnosis of liver cryptococcosis by acquiring the genome sequence of C. neoformans. Fortunately, after 6-month diagnostic anti-fungal therapy of fluconazole, the liver nodules effectively faded away and the serum CA19-9 level gradually regressed to the normal range. Conclusion We identified a rare case of hepatic cryptococcosis by mNGS in an immunocompetent patient. When conventional methods have difficulties in the diagnosis of a specific pathogen, mNGS has the advantage of early and accurate identification of potential pathogens from the specimen.
Transverse-Momentum Resummation for Gauge Boson Pair Production at the Hadron Collider

We perform the transverse-momentum resummation for $W^{+}W^{-}$, $ZZ$, and $W^{\pm}Z$ pair productions at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy using soft-collinear effective theory for $\sqrt{S}=8 \text{TeV}$ and $\sqrt{S}=14 \text{TeV}$ at the LHC, respectively. Especially, this is the first calculation of $W^{\pm}Z$ transverse-momentum resummation. We also include the non-perturbative effects and discussions on the PDF uncertainties. Comparing with the next-to-leading logarithmic results, the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic resummation can reduce the dependence of the transverse-momentum distribution on the factorization scales significantly. Finally, we find that our numerical results are consistent with data measured by CMS collaboration for the $ZZ$ production, which have been only reported by the LHC experiments for the unfolded transverse-momentum distribution of the gauge boson pair production so far, within theoretical and experimental uncertainties.
THE JAMES CLERK MAXWELL TELESCOPE NEARBY GALAXIES LEGACY SURVEY. II. WARM MOLECULAR GAS AND STAR FORMATION IN THREE FIELD SPIRAL GALAXIES

We present the results of large-area 12CO J = 3–2 emission mapping of three nearby field galaxies, NGC 628, NGC 3521, and NGC 3627, completed at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the Nearby Galaxies Legacy Survey. These galaxies all have moderate to strong 12CO J = 3–2 detections over large areas of the fields observed by the survey, showing resolved structure and dynamics in their warm/dense molecular gas disks. All three galaxies were part of the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey sample, and as such have excellent published multiwavelength ancillary data. These data sets allow us to examine the star formation properties, gas content, and dynamics of these galaxies on sub-kiloparsec scales. We find that the global gas depletion time for dense/warm molecular gas in these galaxies is consistent with other results for nearby spiral galaxies, indicating this may be independent of galaxy properties such as structures, gas compositions, and environments. Similar to the results from The H i Nearby Galaxy Survey, we do not see a correlation of the star formation efficiency with the gas surface density consistent with the Schmidt–Kennicutt law. Finally, we find that the star formation efficiency of the dense molecular gas traced by 12CO J = 3–2 is potentially flat or slightly declining as a function of molecular gas density, the 12CO J = 3–2/J = 1–0 ratio (in contrast to the correlation found in a previous study into the starburst galaxy M83), and the fraction of total gas in molecular form.
Financialisation, financial development, and investment: evidence from European non-financial corporations

: This article provides estimations of the effects of different financial channels on physical investment in Europe using the balance sheets of publicly listed non-financial corporations (NFCs) for the period 1995-2015. The evidence suggests that both financial payments and financial income have an adverse effect on investment in fixed assets. The negative impacts of increasing financial income are non-linear with respect to company size: they crowd out investment in large companies, and have a positive effect on the investment of relatively smaller companies. Similar to the recent literature on finance-growth nexus, we find an inverted U-shaped relationship between financial development and companies’ investment. However, in contrast to the existing literature, we also find that a higher degree of financial development in the country is associated with a stronger negative effect of financial income on investment.