Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Positive Psychology in Context of Peacekeeping Militaries: A Mediation Model of Work-Family Enrichment

Based on the work-family enrichment theory, this study analyzes the contribution of work-family and family-work enrichment to explain the military’s well-being during a peacekeeping mission. The data used were collected in a sample of 306 Brazilian soldiers, who were married and/or had children, during the phase named “employment of troops” (i.e., when peacekeepers had been in the Haitian territory and, as a result, away from their families, for between three to five months). Data analysis was performed using the Structural Equations Model. It was observed that the military’s perception of their spouses’ support for their participation during the mission had a positive relationship with both family-to-work enrichment and work-to-family enrichment, and the work-to-family enrichment mediated the relationship between the perception of the spouses’ support and the military’s health perception and general satisfaction with life. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed and limitations and suggestions for future research were presented.
Radiation induces stress and transgenerational impacts in the cricket, Acheta domesticus

Abstract Purpose Radiation exposure of crickets during their fourth juvenile molt inflicted ionizing radiation damage and altered growth rate, adult size at sexual maturity. High levels of ionizing radiation also impacted the subsequent generation, likely via heritable epigenetic mechanisms. Using radiation as a proxy for external stress, we aim to understand the transgenerational impacts of stress on non-irradiated offspring. Methods and materials We assess the impacts of ionizing radiation on maturation mass and growth rate in F0 male and female house crickets (Acheta domesticus). We also assessed trans-generational impacts of irradiation on growth rate and maturation mass on non-irradiated offspring of irradiated parents compared to non-irradiated controls. Results Early-life exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation-induced lower growth rate and maturation mass compared to controls (p < .0001). Non-irradiated male F1 offspring of irradiated parents demonstrated significantly lower mass at maturation (p = .0012) and significantly faster time of maturation (p < .0001) compared to F1 non-irradiated controls. Conclusion Our results show that a single early-life exposure to ionizing radiation can alter male offspring development through accelerated maturation and reduced maturation mass.
The brain network in support of social semantic accumulation

Abstract Some studies have indicated that a specific ‘social semantic network’ represents the social meanings of words. However, studies of the comprehension of complex materials, such as sentences and narratives, have indicated that the same network supports the online accumulation of connected semantic information. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that this network does not simply represent the social meanings of words but also accumulates connected social meanings from texts. We defined the social semantic network by conducting a meta-analysis of previous studies on social semantic processing and then examined the effects of social semantic accumulation using a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) experiment. Two important findings were obtained. First, the social semantic network showed a stronger social semantic effect in sentence and narrative reading than in word list reading, indicating the amplitude of social semantic activation can be accumulated in the network. Second, the activation of the social semantic network in sentence and narrative reading can be better explained by the holistic social-semantic-richness rating scores of the stimuli than by those of the constitutive words, indicating the social semantic contents can be integrated in the network. These two findings convergently indicate that the social semantic network supports the accumulation of connected social meanings.
A Case of Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis since Birth

A newborn male infant presented with multiple pustules and erosions with erythema involving his scalp and forehead at birth. One week after birth, new pustules continued to appear, forming crusted, ring-shaped plaques with pigmentation. Tests for possible pathogens were negative. Tzanck smear and skin biopsy revealed pustules beneath the stratum corneum at sites corresponding to hair follicles, which contained eosinophils and neutrophils. Taken together, a diagnosis of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) was made. The pustules on the head disappeared rapidly with topical corticosteroid treatment, although new eruptions were still observed on the trunk about one month after birth. To our knowledge, only two cases of EPF since birth have been reported to date. Here, we also discuss the differential diagnosis of noninfectious pustular diseases at birth, including erythema toxicum neonatorum and transient neonatal pustular melanosis. These diseases, and EPF, may present with very similar clinical symptoms at birth, and the Tzanck test or biopsy may be required for differential diagnosis.
Transepithelial Corneal Cross-linking With Supplemental Oxygen in Keratoconus: 1-Year Clinical Results.

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transepithelial corneal cross-linking (CXL) with supplemental oxygen. METHODS This was a prospective, non-comparative, pilot cohort study conducted at the National Reference Center for Keratoconus (Toulouse, France) on patients with progressive keratoconus. Transepithelial, pulsed, accelerated CXL was performed in an oxygen-rich atmosphere. Oxygen goggles were applied to the eyes to maintain a high level of oxygen during treatment. The main efficacy outcome was the mean change from baseline in maximum keratometry (Kmax) and the secondary outcomes were the mean changes in flat keratometry (K1), steep keratometry (K2), mean keratometry (Km), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), and demarcation line depth. The safety outcomes were the incidence of adverse events, the mean change in pachymetry, and endothelial cell count. RESULTS Thirty-four eyes of 34 patients were included. At 12 months postoperatively, the Kmax decreased by 1.56 ± 1.71 diopters (D) (P < .0001) and CDVA improved by 0.093 ± 0.193 logMAR (P < .02). The K2 and Km decreased by 0.51 ± 1.03 D (P < .02) and 0.40 ± 0.78 D (P < .01), respectively. There was no change in K1 and UDVA. The most frequent adverse event was corneal haze (64.78%). There were neither cases of infectious keratitis or loss of more than two lines in CDVA nor changes in pachymetry or endothelial cell count. CONCLUSIONS Transepithelial CXL performed in an oxygen-rich atmosphere results in improved Kmax and CDVA with good safety. These promising findings suggest that this procedure could be safe and capable of halting the progression of keratoconus. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(1):42-48. ].
Inhibition of Stress-Induced Viral Promoters by a Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Non-Coding RNA and the Cellular Transcription Factor, β-Catenin

The ability to establish, maintain, and reactivate from latency in sensory neurons within trigeminal ganglia (TG) is crucial for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) transmission. In contrast to lytic infection, the only viral gene abundantly expressed during latency is the latency-related (LR) gene. The synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone consistently induces reactivation from latency, in part because the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transactivates viral promoters that drive expression of key viral transcriptional regulator proteins (bICP0 and bICP4). Within hours after dexamethasone treatment of latently infected calves, LR gene products and β-catenin are not readily detected in TG neurons. Hence, we hypothesized that LR gene products and/or β-catenin restrict GR-mediated transcriptional activation. A plasmid expressing LR RNA sequences that span open reading frame 2 (ORF2-Stop) inhibited GR-mediated transactivation of the BoHV-1 immediate early transcription unit 1 (IEtu1) and mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter activity in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2A). ORF2-Stop also reduced productive infection and GR steady-state protein levels in transfected Neuro-2A cells. Additional studies revealed that the constitutively active β-catenin mutant reduced the transactivation of the IEtu1 promoter by GR and dexamethasone. Collectively, these studies suggest ORF2 RNA sequences and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway actively promote maintenance of latency, in part, by impairing GR-mediated gene expression.
Cervical Electrical Neuromodulation Effectively Enhances Hand Motor Output in Healthy Subjects by Engaging a Use-Dependent Intervention

Electrical enabling motor control (eEmc) through transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation is a non-invasive method that can modify the functional state of the sensory-motor system. We hypothesize that eEmc delivery, together with hand training, improves hand function in healthy subjects more than either intervention alone by inducing plastic changes at spinal and cortical levels. Ten voluntary participants were included in the following three interventions: (i) hand grip training, (ii) eEmc, and (iii) eEmc with hand training. Functional evaluation included the box and blocks test (BBT) and hand grip maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), spinal and cortical motor evoked potential (sMEP and cMEP), and resting motor thresholds (RMT), short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and F wave in the abductor pollicis brevis muscle. eEmc combined with hand training retained MVC and increased F wave amplitude and persistency, reduced cortical RMT and facilitated cMEP amplitude. In contrast, eEmc alone only increased F wave amplitude, whereas hand training alone reduced MVC and increased cortical RMT and SICI. In conclusion, eEmc combined with hand grip training enhanced hand motor output and induced plastic changes at spinal and cortical level in healthy subjects when compared to either intervention alone. These data suggest that electrical neuromodulation changes spinal and, perhaps, supraspinal networks to a more malleable state, while a concomitant use-dependent mechanism drives these networks to a higher functional state.
Association of Oily and Nonoily Fish Consumption and Fish Oil Supplements With Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Large Population-Based Prospective Study

OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations of oily and nonoily fish consumption and fish oil supplements with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 392,287 middle-aged and older participants (55.0% women) in the UK Biobank who were free of diabetes, major cardiovascular disease, and cancer and had information on habitual intake of major food groups and use of fish oil supplements at baseline (2006–2010). Of these, 163,706 participated in one to five rounds of 24-h dietary recalls during 2009–2012. RESULTS During a median 10.1 years of follow-up, 7,262 incident cases of T2D were identified. Compared with participants who reported never consumption of oily fish, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of T2D were 0.84 (95% CI 0.78–0.91), 0.78 (0.72–0.85), and 0.78 (0.71–0.86) for those who reported <1 serving/week, weekly, and ≥2 servings/week of oily fish consumption, respectively (P-trend < 0.001). Consumption of nonoily fish was not associated with risk of T2D (P-trend = 0.45). Participants who reported regular fish oil use at baseline had a 9% (95% CI 4–14%) lower risk of T2D compared with nonusers. Baseline regular users of fish oil who also reported fish oil use during at least one of the 24-h dietary recalls had an 18% (8–27%) lower risk of T2D compared with constant nonusers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that consumption of oily fish but not nonoily fish was associated with a lower risk of T2D. Use of fish oil supplements, especially constant use over time, was also associated with a lower risk of T2D.
Current Status and Future Perspectives of Liquid Biopsy in Small Cell Lung Cancer

Approximately 19% of all cancer-related deaths are due to lung cancer, which is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) affects approximately 15% of patients diagnosed with lung cancer. SCLC is characterized by aggressiveness; the majority of SCLC patients present with metastatic disease, and less than 5% of patients are alive at 5 years. The gold standard of SCLC treatment is platinum and etoposide-based chemotherapy; however, its effects are short. In recent years, treatment for SCLC has changed; new drugs have been approved, and new biomarkers are needed for treatment selection. Liquid biopsy is a non-invasive, rapid, repeated and alternative tool to the traditional tumor biopsy that could allow the most personalized medicine into the management of SCLC patients. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are the most commonly used liquid biopsy biomarkers. Some studies have reported the prognostic factors of CTCs and cfDNA in SCLC patients, independent of the stage. In this review, we summarize the recent SCLC studies of CTCs, cfDNA and other liquid biopsy biomarkers, and we discuss the future utility of liquid biopsy in the clinical management of SCLC.
Activation of Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by a Device Simultaneously Applying High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic Technology and Novel RF Technology: Fluorescent Microscopy Facilitated Detection of NCAM/CD56

Abstract Background Myosatellite cells are myogenic stem cells that can transform to provide nuclei for existing muscles or generate new muscle fibers as documented after extended exercise programs. Objectives The authors investigated whether the simultaneous application of High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic (HIFEM) and Synchrode radiofrequency (RF) affects the levels of satellite cells similarly as the prolonged exercise does to achieve muscle growth. Methods Three 30-minute simultaneous HIFEM and Synchrode RF treatments (once a week) were administered over the abdominal area of 5 Large White swine aged approximately 6 months. All animals were anesthetized during the treatments and biopsy acquisition. Biopsies of muscle tissue were collected at baseline, 4 days, 2 weeks, and 1 month post-treatment. After binding the specific antibodies, the NCAM/CD56 levels, a marker of activated satellite cells, were quantified employing the immunofluorescence microscopy technique with a UV lamp. Results Examined slices showed a continuous increase in satellite cell levels throughout the study. Four days after the treatment, we observed a 26.1% increase in satellite cells, which increased to 30.2% at 2-week follow-up. Additional histological analysis revealed an increase in the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and the signs of newly formed fibers of small diameters at 2 weeks after the treatment. No damage to muscle tissue and no adverse effects related to the treatment were observed. Conclusions The findings indicate that the simultaneous application of HIFEM and novel Synchrode RF treatment can initiate differentiation of satellite cells to support the growth of existing muscles and, presumably, even the formation of new myofibers.
The impact of new evidence on regional variation in paediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy: a historical review

Abstract Background Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy have been among the most commonly performed procedures in children for approximately 100 years. These procedures were the first for which unwarranted regional variation was discovered, in 1938. Indications for these procedures have become stricter over time, which might have reduced regional practice variation. Methods This paper presents a historical review on practice variation in paediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy rates. Data on publication year, region, level of variation, methodology and outcomes were collected. Results Twenty-one articles on practice variation in paediatric tonsil surgery were included, with data from 12 different countries. Significant variation was found throughout the years, although a greater than 10-fold variation was observed only in the earliest publications. Conclusion No evidence has yet been found that better indications for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy have reduced practice variation. International efforts are needed to reconsider why we are still unable to tackle this variation.
Symptom Provocation During Aerobic and Dynamic Supervised Exercise Challenges in Adolescents With Sport-Related Concussion.

CONTEXT Supervised exercise challenges (SECs) have been shown to be safe and beneficial in the early symptomatic period after concussion. Thus far, most in-clinic SECs studied have included a form of basic aerobic exercise only. An SEC that also includes dynamic forms of exercise mimics all steps of a standard return-to-play progression and may enhance the detection of concussion symptoms to guide in-clinic management decisions. OBJECTIVE To determine whether an SEC that includes a dynamic SEC (DSEC) uncovered symptoms that would not have been identified by an SEC involving an aerobic SEC (ASEC) alone in adolescent patients with sport-related concussion. DESIGN Retrospective case series. SETTING Multidisciplinary sport concussion clinic at a tertiary care center. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 65 adolescent athletes (mean age = 14.9 ± 2.0 years, 72.3% males) who underwent an in-clinic SEC within 30 days of concussion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Presence of pre-exercise symptoms and symptom provocation during the SEC were recorded, with exercise-provoked symptoms categorized as occurring during ASEC or DSEC. RESULTS Of the total patient sample, 69.2% (n = 45/65) experienced symptom provocation at some point during the SEC. Symptoms were provoked in 20 patients during the ASEC, whereas 25 completed the ASEC without symptom provocation before becoming symptomatic during the subsequent DSEC and 20 completed the SEC without any symptom provocation. Of the 65 patients in the total sample, 46 were asymptomatic immediately before the SEC. Of these previously asymptomatic patients, 23.9% (n = 11/46) experienced symptom provocation during the ASEC, and an additional 37.0% (n = 17/46) remained asymptomatic during the ASEC but then developed symptoms during the DSEC. CONCLUSIONS The ASEC alone may not detect symptom provocation in a significant proportion of concussion patients who otherwise would develop symptoms during a DSEC.
Pan-Enterovirus Amplicon-Based High-Throughput Sequencing Detects the Complete Capsid of a EVA71 Genotype C1 Variant via Wastewater-Based Epidemiology in Arizona

We describe the complete capsid of a genotype C1-like Enterovirus A71 variant recovered from wastewater in a neighborhood in the greater Tempe, Arizona area (Southwest United States) in May 2020 using a pan-enterovirus amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing strategy. The variant seems to have been circulating for over two years, but its sequence has not been documented in that period. As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in changes in health-seeking behavior and overwhelmed pathogen diagnostics, our findings highlight the importance of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE ) as an early warning system for virus surveillance.
Serum Levels of Vitamin D and Dental Caries in 7-Year-Old Children in Porto Metropolitan Area

Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with significant changes in dental structures. In children, it can induce enamel and dentin defects, which have been identified as risk factors for caries. This study aimed to assess the association between low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) levels (<30 ng/mL) and the prevalence of caries in the permanent teeth and mixed dentition of 7-year-old children. A sample of 335 children from the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI (Porto, Portugal) was included. Data on children’s demographic and social conditions, health status, dental health behaviours, dental examination including erupted permanent first molars, and blood samples available for vitamin D analysis were collected. Dental outcomes included the presence of caries, including non-cavitated lesions (d1–6mft/D1–6MFT > 0), and advanced caries (d3–6mft/D3–6MF > 0). Serum 25(OH) D was measured using a competitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay protein-binding assay. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used. Advanced caries in permanent teeth was significantly associated with children’s vitamin D levels <30 ng/mL, gastrointestinal disorders, higher daily intake of cariogenic food, and having had a dental appointment at ≤7 years old. Optimal childhood levels of vitamin D may be considered an additional preventive measure for dental caries in the permanent dentition.
Potential interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and thyroid: a review.

The novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 produced by SARS-CoV-2 is sweeping the world in a very short time. Although much has been learned about the clinical course, prognostic inflammatory markers, and disease complications of COVID-19, the potential interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and the thyroid is poorly understood. In contrast to SARS-CoV-1, limited available evidence indicates there is no pathological evidence of thyroid injury caused by SARS-CoV-2. However, subacute thyroiditis (SAT) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been reported for the first time. Thyroid dysfunction is common in patients with COVID-19 infection. By contrast, certain thyroid diseases may have a negative impact on the prevention and control of COVID-19. In addition, some anti-COVID-19 agents may cause thyroid injury or affect its metabolism. COVID-19 and thyroid disease may mutually aggravate the disease burden. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection should not ignore the effect in thyroid function, especially when there are obvious related symptoms. In addition, patients with thyroid diseases should follow specific management principles during the epidemic period.
Novel recurrent altered genes in Chinese patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer.

BACKGROUND Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare but lethal malignancy, and few systematic investigations on genomic profiles of ATC was performed in Chinese patients. METHODS Fifty-four ATC patients in West China Hospital between 2010 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, while 29 patients with available samples were sequenced by whole-exome sequencing (WES). The associations between genomic alterations and clinical characteristics were statistically evaluated. RESULTS The median overall survival (OS) was 3.0 months in the entire cohort, which was impacted by multiple clinical features, including age, tumor size, and different treatment strategies. In the WES cohort, totally 797 non-silent mutations were detected, with the most frequently altered genes of TP53 (48%), BRAF (24%), PIK3CA (24%), and TERT promoter (21%). Although these mutations have been well-reported in previous studies, ethnic specificity was exhibited in terms of mutation frequency. Moreover, several novel significantly mutated genes were identified including RBM15 (17%), NOTCH2NL (14%), CTNNA3 (10%) and KATNAL2 (10%). WES-based copy number alteration analysis also revealed a high frequent gain of NOTCH2NL (41%), which induced its increased expression. Gene mutations and copy number alterations are enriched in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NOTCH, and WNT pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals shared and ethnicity-specific genomic profiles of ATC in Chinese patients and suggests NOTCH2NL may act as a novel candidate driver gene for ATC tumorigenesis.