Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors That Affect The Posttraumatic Growth of Flash-Flood Survivors in Indonesia

Disasters not only bring bad impacts and cause problems to the victims, but they can also bring a positive impact, i.e., posttraumatic growth (PTG), that appears after the disaster. Investigating the posttraumatic growth of disaster survivors is important as it helps to identify the needs of survivors and develop intervention programs. Currently, there is no research in Indonesia about the PTG of flash flood disaster victims. This study aims to determine the posttraumatic growth of flash flood disaster victims in Indonesia. This was an analytical correlation analysis study which observed 95 flood victims in Magelang and employed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Expanded (PTGI-X) instrument. The data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney, Pearson, independent t-test, and multiple linear regression tests. The average PTG of flood victims was 72.31 ± 15.91. The male disaster victims with high PTSD scores, with high school and university education levels, had a higher level of PTG. This model described that the factors investigated in this study had a 23.2% contribution to PTG.The factors that influence the PTG of flood victims were PTSD, gender, educational level, and severity of disasters.
Emerging Adults during the Pandemic: The Experiences of Generation Z in the Context of Self-Determination Theory

Abstract The COVID-19 Pandemic is associated with many radical changes in the lives of young adults. Their developmental and generational characteristics would likely affect their experiences of Pandemic. This study explores their experiences in the context of school, family, and friendship during the Pandemic. The sample consisted of 23 college students. Qualitative data were collected online and analyzed with the thematic analysis method. The results showed that their experiences in the school context resulted in seven themes: difficulties with online classes, benefits, negative mood, coping strategies, loss of socialization opportunities at school, return to daily life, and physical conditions. The themes in the family context were the need for autonomy, increasing conflict, improved family relationships, and no change. Finally, in the friendship context, the themes of losses, coping strategies, emotions, no change, and gains emerged. Results were discussed in terms of the self-determination perspective and generational characteristics of the sample.
Controllable adjustment of oxygen contents in activated carbons and oxygen effect on electrochemical performances in supercapacitors

In this work, oxygen‐doped activated carbons (ACs) are derived from glucose by hydrothermal synthesis (HTS) and a two‐step consecutive activation/treatment. The first KOH activation leads to the formation of well‐developed hierarchical porous structure. The second H2O‐steam treatment controls the fraction of oxygen contents ranging from 3.35 to 10.43 at% by regulating the treatment time and temperature. We propose a reaction for the oxygen reduction during the H2O‐steam treatment, of which the resultant reaction rate increases with the increase of the treatment temperature. The nominal activation energy for the reaction is 18.79 kJ/mol. The symmetric supercapacitors with the ACs of the highest oxygen content exhibit the best electrochemical performances of an optimum specific capacitance of 240.49 F/g in the electrolyte of 1 M H2SO4. However, the symmetric supercapacitors with the ACs of the lowest oxygen content exhibit the best electrochemical performances of an optimum specific capacitance of 171.81 F/g in the organic electrolyte of 1 M Et4BF4 in AN.
Commercial Potential of the Cyanobacterium Arthrospira maxima: Physiological and Biochemical Traits and the Purification of Phycocyanin

Simple Summary Arthrospira maxima is an unbranched, filamentous cyanobacterium rich in important cellular products such as vitamins, minerals, iron, essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, and protein, which has made it one of the most important commercial photoautotrophs. To optimize the growth conditions for the production of target compounds and to ensure profitability in commercial applications, the effects of pH and temperature were investigated. A. maxima has been shown to be tolerant to a range of pH conditions and to exhibit hyper-accumulation of phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin at low temperatures. These traits may offer significant advantages for future exploitation, especially in outdoor cultivation with fluctuating pH and temperature. Our study also demonstrated a new method for the purification of phycocyanin from A. maxima by using by ultrafiltration, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration, producing PC at 1.0 mg·mL−1 with 97.6% purity. Abstract Arthrospira maxima is a natural source of fine chemicals for multiple biotechnological applications. We determined the optimal environmental conditions for A. maxima by measuring its relative growth rate (RGR), pigment yield, and photosynthetic performance under different pH and temperature conditions. RGR was highest at pH 7–9 and 30 °C. Chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, maximal quantum yield (Fv/Fm), relative maximal electron transport rate (rETRmax), and effective quantum yield (ΦPSII) were highest at pH 7–8 and 25 °C. Interestingly, phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin content was highest at 15 °C, which may be the lowest optimum temperature reported for phycobiliprotein production in the Arthrospira species. A threestep purification of phycocyanin (PC) by ultrafiltration, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration resulted in a 97.6% purity of PC.
Biomass Evolution in Full‐Scale Anthracite‐Sand Drinking Water Filters Following Conversion to Biofiltration

This study investigated biomass concentrations, as measured by adenosine triphosphate (ATP), in full‐scale, anthracite–sand biofilters as they acclimated to conversion from direct filtration to biofiltration. Results showed that there were three scales of biofilter biomass accumulation: an accumulation period within each filter cycle, and an accumulation period associated with adapting to chlorine‐free conditions for both biomass measured at the start and end of the filter cycle. Both start‐ and end‐of‐cycle biomass reached steady state after 220 days of operation. Start‐of‐filter‐cycle biomass accumulated at a rate of 0.008/day and reached a steady‐state concentration of 59 ng ATP/cm3media. End‐of‐filter‐cycle biomass reached an apparent steady‐state concentration of 267 ng ATP/cm3 media. Biomass measured over a single filter cycle had an accumulation pattern similar to start‐of‐filter‐cycle biomass but accumulated more rapidly (1.96–4.46/day).
Ecocide – global consequences (pesticides, radionuclides, petroleum products)

The problem of environmental pollution is becoming increasingly important on a global scale. Man has oversaturated the environment of his habitat with harmful and most often toxic waste. It is difficult to describe all the toxic substances, as a separate book can be written for each group. The term “ecocide” has been introduced, which reflects large-scale destruction of the natural environment. We will focus only on three classes of pollutants that are of particular concern, creating environmental conflicts. These are: • Pesticides are extremely toxic and create large amounts of non-degradable waste. It accumulates in tissues and organs of target organisms, becoming toxic and causing serious pathological changes in the body, mainly at the cellular and subcellular levels, causing various diseases and as a result, serious changes in the structure and functions of the populations and the whole ecosystem are increasingly observed. • Waste from the nuclear industry and radioactive fallout from nuclear explosions. It is especially dangerous that radioactive elements can be concentrated in certain organs. • Petroleum products - often large quantities end up in the seas and oceans, along with industrial waste of various kinds, impossible to compensate for by nature and they pose a serious threat to ecosystems, many of which have already been destroyed. At the submolecular level, chemical and physical effects can lead to genetic rearrangements (mutations); destructive ionization in the tissues of every living being, sometimes with completely unexpected consequences for humans.
Monographs on Invasive Plants in Europe N°7: Rhododendron ponticum L.

ABSTRACT This report presents information on all aspects of the biology, ecology and invasion behaviour of Rhododendron ponticum L. , particularly R. ponticum subsp. baeticum (Boiss. & Reut.) Hand. -Mazz. The main topics presented are: taxonomy, distribution, history of introduction and spread, ecology, biology, impacts, and management. The subspecies baeticum is native to the Iberian Peninsula, where it is close to extinction. This shade-tolerant evergreen shrub has been broadly introduced throughout Europe since the 18th century, mainly for ornamental purposes. The invasive taxon likely results from artificial introgressive hybridization with the Appalachian species R. catawbiense Minchx. It is now naturalized in many countries across western Europe and has become a serious invader in the British Isles. In continental Europe, it mostly invades forest ecosystems of the Atlantic domain, especially on acidic, nutrient-poor but moist soils. R. ponticum subsp. baeticum has perfectly adapted to the humid temperate climate of these regions. As a shade-tolerant species, it can spread out its dense canopy below tree canopies, thereby shading out most herb species and tree seedlings and saplings. Its thick litter likely impacts soil chemical and biological features and hence alters ecosystem processes. Though it produces thousands of seeds, the species mostly propagates vegetatively via layering and forms extended clonal thickets. Long-distance dispersal occurs via seeds, but those can only germinate on moss mats, decaying wood and bare soil and seedlings are very vulnerable to drought. The shrub is also known to be a reservoir for phytopathogenic oomycetes of the genus Phytophthora, including P. ramorum and P. kernoviae. R. ponticum subsp. baeticum invasion is an emerging threat to natural habitats and their associated fauna and flora in western continental Europe. Control is still challenging since management operations are not only expensive and time-consuming but also poorly effective due to vigorous resprouting from stumps after cutting and herbicide resistance.
Human Agonists Regulate CCR Expression in Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4

2 Interactions between proinﬂammatory and cell maturation signals, and the pathways that regulate leukocyte migration, are of fundamental importance in controlling trafﬁcking and recruitment of leukocytes during the processes of innate and adaptive immunity. We have investigated the molecular mechanisms by which selective Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 agonists regulate expression of CCR1 and CCR2 on primary human monocytes and THP-1 cells, a human monocytic cell line. We found that activation of either TLR2 (by Pam 3 CysSerLys 4 ) or TLR4 (by puriﬁed LPS) resulted in down-modulation of both CCR1 and CCR2. Further investigation of TLR-induced down-modulation of CCR1 revealed differences in the signaling pathways activated, and chemokines generated, via the two TLR agonists. TLR2 activation caused slower induction of the NF- (cid:1) B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways and yet a much enhanced and prolonged macrophage-inﬂammatory protein 1 (cid:2) (CC chemokine ligand 3) protein production, when compared with TLR4 stimulation. Enhanced macrophage-inﬂammatory protein 1 (cid:2) production may contribute to the prolonged down-regulation of CCR1 cell surface expression observed in response to the TLR2 agonist, as preventing chemokine generation with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, or CCR1 signaling with the receptor antagonist UCB35625, abolished TLR2- and TLR4-induced CCR1 down-modulation. This result suggests an autocrine pathway, whereby TLR activation can induce chemokine production, which then leads to homologous down-regulation of the cognate receptors. This work provides further insights into the mechanisms that regulate leukocyte recruitment and trafﬁcking during TLR-induced inﬂammatory responses. The Journal of
Fit accuracy of resin crown on a dental model fabricated using fused deposition modeling 3D printing and a polylactic acid filament.

PURPOSE We considered the possibility of reducing industrial waste by fabricating and reusing dental models prepared using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer and polylactic acid (PLA) filaments. The purpose of this study was to verify the accuracy of models fabricated using FDM and PLA. METHODS The same provisional crown was used to check the marginal fit on PLA models prepared using an intraoral scanner (IOS) and FDM, plaster models made with silicone impression material and plaster, and resin models prepared using an IOS and stereolithography apparatus (SLA) 3D printer. The marginal fit was measured using micro-computed tomography at four points on the tooth: the buccal center (B), palatal center (P), mesial center (M), and distal center (D) points. RESULTS At point B, the marginal gaps were 118 ± 21.7, 62 ± 16.4, and 50 ± 26.5 μm for the PLA, resin, and plaster models, respectively, with a significant difference between the PLA model and the other two. However, the marginal gap at all other measurement points was not significantly different between the models (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION We compared the accuracy of the models fabricated using the FDM, SLA, and conventional methods. The combination of FDM and PLA filaments showed no significant differences from the other models, except at point B, indicating its usefulness. Therefore, FDM and PLA may become necessary materials for dental treatment in the future.
Extent of Immunopathology the Magnitude of Immune Responses and the Limit Required during Influenza Infection To Is a Soluble, but Not Transmembrane, TNF-Matthew

TNF- a is a pleotropic cytokine that has both proinﬂammatory and anti-inﬂammatory functions during inﬂuenza infection. TNF- a is ﬁrst expressed as a transmembrane protein that is proteolytically processed to release a soluble form. Transmembrane TNF- a (memTNF- a ) and soluble TNF- a (solTNF- a ) have been shown to exert distinct tissue-protective or tissue-pathologic effects in several disease models. However, the relative contributions of memTNF- a or solTNF- a in regulating pulmonary immunopathology following inﬂuenza infection are unclear. Therefore, we performed intranasal inﬂuenza infection in mice exclusively expressing noncleavable memTNF- a or lacking TNF- a entirely and examined the outcomes. We found that solTNF- a , but not memTNF- a , was required to limit the size of the immune response and the extent of injury. In the absence of solTNF- a , there was a signiﬁcant increase in the CD8 + T cell response, including virus-speciﬁc CD8 + T cells, which was due in part to an increased resistance to activation-induced cell death. We found that solTNF- a mediates these immunoregulatory effects primarily through TNFR1, because mice deﬁcient in TNFR1, but not TNFR2, exhibited dysregulated immune responses and exacerbated injury similar to that observed in mice lacking solTNF- a . We also found that solTNF- a expression was required early during infection to regulate the magnitude of the CD8 + T cell response, indicating that early inﬂammatory events are critical for the regulation of the effector phase. Taken together, these ﬁndings suggest that processing of memTNF- a
Time-Dependent Multiple Depot Vehicle Routing Problem on Megapolis Network under Wardrop’s Trafﬁc Flow Assignment

—In this work multiple depot vehicle routing problem is considered in case of variable travel times between nodes on a metropolis network. This variant of the classic multiple depot vehicle routing problem is motivated by the fact that in urban contexts variable trafﬁc conditions play an essential role and can not be ignored in order to perform a realistic optimization. Time-travel matrices corresponding to each period of planning horizon were formed by solving the trafﬁc assignment problem in conjunction with shortest path problem. Routing problem instances include from 20 to 100 customers randomly chosen from a road network of Saint-Petersburg. The results demonstrate that taking into account trafﬁc ﬂow information can reduce route time by 8-37% depending on number of customers in the problem instance.
The Chemo-Gut Pilot Study: Associations between Gut Microbiota, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, and Psychosocial Health Outcomes in a Cross-Sectional Sample of Young Adult Cancer Survivors

Chemotherapy adversely affects the gut microbiota, inducing dysbiosis, and negatively impacts gastrointestinal (GI) and psychosocial health during treatment, but little is known about the long-term effects or how these factors are related. Methods: This cross-sectional pilot study investigated the effects of chemotherapy on the gut microbiota, GI symptoms, and psychosocial outcomes in cancer survivors aged 18–39 years old, compared to healthy controls. Gut microbial diversity and composition were assessed from stool samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Survivors (n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 18) participated. Mean age at diagnosis was 31 years (±5.3). Mean time off treatment was 16.9 months (±16.4). Survivors had more severe GI symptoms, poorer psychosocial health, and increased relative abundance of Selenomondales, Veilloneliaceae, and Intestinibacter. In survivors, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Intestinibacter correlated with psychosocial symptoms, while diarrhea correlated positively with Lachnospiraceae. Results are statistically significant. Survivors ≤6 months post-treatment had lower alpha diversity than survivors >6 months post-treatment (p = 0.04) and controls (p = 0.19). Conclusion: This small exploratory study demonstrates potential long-term gut microbial dysbiosis in cancer survivors, which may be associated with psychosocial symptoms. Larger trials concurrently and longitudinally examining gut microbiota, GI symptoms, and psychosocial outcomes are needed.
The Effects of Soundscapes in Relieving Stress in an Urban Park

: Urban parks are important urban public spaces that guarantee people recreation, create positive emotions and relieve stress. Emerging research has shown that natural soundscapes are associated with restorative landscapes in urban parks. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on the use of physiological indexes to evaluate the effects of natural sounds versus human-based sounds on stress relief. In this study, the three physiological indexes of skin conductance level, heart rate and heart rate variability were collected in Fuzhou West Lake Park with the help of Ergo LAB data platform, and a soundscape perception evaluation questionnaire was used to assess the degree of soundscape perceptions in the sample sites. The differences in the stress relieving effects of different urban park environments were analysed by applying the median test, the Wilcoxon test was applied to analyse the effects of soundscapes and urban park environments on relieving stress, and regression analysis was used to identify the important factors of restorative soundscapes. The results found that urban park environments provide a certain degree of stress relief, but the stress relieving effects of different urban park environments vary and that natural spaces play an important role in relieving stress. Urban park soundscapes are key to restorative environmental design, with natural sounds such as birdsong and stream sound being factors of restorative soundscapes.
Time Consistent Risk Measure Under Two-level Information Structure and its Application in Dynamic Portfolio Selection (cid:73)

The proper description of dynamic information correlation among individual stages is very important for the construction of multi-period risk measure and the selection of optimal investment strategy. To overcome the limitations of existing random frameworks, we initially introduce a ”two-level” structure to describe the dynamic information evolution: the outer-level describes endogenous marco-market factors under the regime switching framework; the inner-level describes exogenous random events by the multi-factor model, where the time-varying factors are modeled by a time series model. Under the new random framework, we deﬁne the convex conditional risk measure and then derive the recursive multi-period risk measure, which satisﬁes dynamic monotonicity, convexity and time consistency. We show how to establish the corresponding multi-stage portfolio selection model. Take the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) measure as an example, we deduce the corresponding recursive CVaR measure and derive its explicit expression when conditional factors and residual terms follow the joint student’s t distribution. More importantly, we show that the resulting multi-stage portfolio selection problems under the recursive CVaR measure are second-order cone programming, which can be eﬃciently solved in polynomial time. Finally, we carry out a series of empirical tests to show the necessity, reasonability and eﬃciency of our new random framework, and to demonstrate the superior performance and robustness of the optimal portfolio obtained with our multi-stage portfolio selection model.
RAGE Regulating Vascular Remodeling in Diabetes by Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics with JAK2/STAT3 Pathway

In this research, we will explore the role and modulation of mitochondrial dynamics in diabetes vascular remodeling. Only a few cell types express the pattern recognition receptor, also known as the AGE receptor (RAGE). However, it is triggered in almost all of the cells that have been investigated thus far by events that are known to cause inflammation. Here, Type 2 diabetes was studied in both cellular and animal models. Elevated Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), phosphorylated JAK2 (p-JAK2), phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), transient receptor potential ion channels (TRPM), and phosphorylated dynamin-related protein 1 (p-DRP1) were observed in the context of diabetes. In addition, we found that inhibition of RAGE was followed by a remarkable decrease in the expression of the above proteins. It has also been demonstrated by western blotting and immunofluorescence results in vivo and in vitro. Suppressing STAT3 and DRP1 phosphorylation produced effects similar to those of RAGE inhibition on the proliferation, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and expression of TRPM in VSMCs and vascular tissues obtained from diabetic animals. These findings indicate that RAGE regulates vascular remodeling via mitochondrial dynamics through modulating the JAK2/STAT3 axis in diabetes. The findings could be crucial in gaining a better understanding of diabetes-related vascular remodeling. It also contributes to a better cytopathological understanding of diabetic vascular disease and provides a theoretical foundation for novel targets that aid in the prevention and treatment of diabetes-related cardiovascular problems.