Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of a community-based multicomponent intervention on cervical cancer behavior among women – A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in developing countries. More than one-fifth of newly diagnosed cervical cancer cases are occurring in India. Cervical cancer is a highly preventable and curable cancer compared with other types of cancer, if detected at an early stage. The present study has been carried out to assess whether a community-based, multicomponent, nurse-led intervention program improves cervical cancer screening behavior of women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An experimental randomized controlled trial was carried out by recruiting 419 women in the age group of 30–60 years (246 in the experimental group and 173 in the control group) residing in a selected rural community (selected tribal settlements) of Idukki district of Kerala, India, using multistage cluster sampling. The intervention comprising small group education followed by reinforcement session, telephonic reminders, navigation and guidance for Pap smear, and follow-up visit by the investigator was administered to the experimental group, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Knowledge, attitude, and screening behavior of women related to prevention of cervical cancer were assessed before and twice after the intervention. RESULTS: The experimental and control groups were homogenous in all baseline sociodemographic variables. The community-based intervention program was effective in improving knowledge (P < 0.001), attitude (P < 0.001), and screening behavior (P < 0.001) of women regarding the prevention of cervical cancer. A significant moderate positive correlation was found between knowledge and screening behavior (r = 0.408). Significant association was found between knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding prevention of cervical cancer with education, age at the time of marriage, and number of pregnancies. CONCLUSION: The community-based, multicomponent, nurse-led intervention program was effective in improving cervical cancer screening behavior among women. Repeated motivation and reinforcement are needed to bring behavioral change and to increase uptake of screening services among rural women.
M 31 circum-nuclear region: A molecular survey with the IRAM interferometer

We analysed molecular observations performed at IRAM interferometer in CO(1-0) of the circum-nuclear region (within 250 pc) of Andromeda with 2.9″ = 11 pc resolution. We detected 12 molecular clumps in this region, corresponding to a total molecular mass of (8.4 ± 0.4)×104 M⊙. These clumps follow Larson’s mass-size relation, but lie well above the velocity-size relation. We discuss the possibility that these clumps are probably not virialised, but are transient agglomerations of smaller entities that might be virialised. Three of these clumps have been detected in CO(2-1) in a previous work, and we find a temperature line ratio below 0.5 in this work. With a radiative transfer analysis, we show that this gas is in non-local thermal equilibrium with a low excitation temperature (Tex = 5 − 9 K). We find a surface beam filling factor of order 5% and a gas density in the range 60 − 650 cm−3, which is well below the critical density. With a gas-to-stellar mass fraction of 4 × 10−4 and dust-to-gas ratio of 0.01, this quiescent region has exhausted its gas budget. Its spectral energy distribution is compatible with passive templates assembled from elliptical galaxies. While weak dust emission is present in the region, we show that no star formation is present and support the previous results that the dust is heated by the old and intermediate stellar population. We study the possibility that this region lies formally in the low-density part of the Kennicutt-Schmidt law in a regime where the star formation rate estimators are not completely reliable. We confirm the quiescence of the inner part of this galaxy known to lie on the green valley.
Overstable convective modes of rotating hot Jupiters

We calculate overstable convective modes of uniformly rotating hot Jupiters, which have a convective core and a thin radiative envelope. Convective modes in rotating planets have complex frequency $\omega$ and are stabilized by rapid rotation so that their growth rates $\propto\omega_{\rm I}={\rm Im}(\omega)$ are much smaller than those for the non-rotating planets. The stabilized convective modes excite low frequency gravity waves in the radiative envelope by frequency resonance between them. We find that the convective modes that excite envelope gravity waves remain unstable even in the presence of non-adiabatic dissipations in the envelope. We calculate the heating rates due to non-adiabatic dissipations of the oscillation energy of the unstable convective modes and find that the magnitudes of the heating rates cannot be large enough to inflate hot Jupiters sufficiently so long as the oscillation amplitudes remain in the linear regime.
Genetic evaluation of growth using random regression models

The variability in growth traits provides enormous scope for improvement through selection and breeding. However, growth is a longitudinal trait measured repeatedly on the animal and random regression models (RRM) have been found to be suitable for modeling the trait as a growth curve. RRM accommodate repeated records for traits which change gradually and continually, over time, and do not require stringent assumptions about constancy of variances and correlations. RRM has the advantage that, variance components can be estimated for any point in the trajectory of the growth curve and genetic parameters could be estimated for any age class within the range of ages included in the study. RRM is suitable for group breeding schemes and field performance recording systems where the growth data will be uneven and for varying age points. Worldwide, several studies on use of the tool, RRM in growth of various livestock species are available, but literature on such studies is scanty from India. The methodology used, data requirement, assumptions, validity, software available and application of RRM in the field are discussed based on the earlier reports.
Dynamic properties of two-dimensional and quasi-geostrophic turbulence

This report is devoted to the details of the two codes that have been developed aimed at studies of large-scale turbulent flows. For this purpose, a first approach has been to derive and implement a code (PNSE2D) that simulates two-dimensional turbulence by numerically solving the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equation in a doubly periodic square domain. The second code (QGE3D) adds complexity by taking into account background rotation and a stable stratification. This latter code solves the QG equation for the potential vorticity derived by Charney (1971), and can be considered an extension from PNSE2D into three dimensions. The motivation for developing new codes instead of using existing codes is that it gives us full control of the codes while they solve the equations in a very simple geometry (periodic boundary conditions). Furthermore, the codes are portable and have been developed to give a high degree of flexibility. The two codes have in common, among other things, the need for high resolution, which required the codes to be parallelized for utilization on parallel machines. Experiments have shown that good speed-up is obtained when increasing the number of processes (essentially increasing the number of cpu:s). The codes rely on a message passing interface (MPI) and a fast FFT-library, FFTW. The codes have been validated by the conservation of the inviscid invariants, i.e. energy and enstrophy in two-dimensional turbulent flows, and energy and potential enstrophy in QG turbulence.
Adoption of Animal Welfare Practices by Selected Gaushalas (Cow-Shelters) in the State of Karnataka, India

Gaushalas serve a crucial role in protecting our nation's livestock wealth. Its primary function is to provide shelter for cows, mainly for non-lactating, frail, unproductive, and stray cattle. Forty gaushalas were chosen at random from the eighty registered gaushalas in the state of Karnataka for this study. On the basis of herd size, the forty selected gaushalas were categorized as small (12), medium (18), and large (10) gaushalas. Animal welfare is currently a global issue that is receiving increasing attention. With this in mind, the present study was conducted to determine the degree to which gaushalas have adopted animal welfare measures. Sixty percent of large sized gaushalas belonged to high adopter categories, fifty-six percent of medium sized gaushalas belonged to medium adopter categories, and fifty percent of small sized gaushalas belonged to low adopter categories in terms of adoption of overall animal welfare practices. However, it was also observed that a lack of funds, inadequate financial assistance from governments, inadequate fodder availability, inadequate access to technical services, inadequate infrastructure facilities and poor management were perceived as impediments to the adoption of animal welfare practices in gaushalas.
Giant cell tumor of the bone of maxillary sinus: A rare uncommon manifestation implicated in a new mosaic of disorders?

The goal is to show a rare case of Giant Cell Tumor of Bone in the maxillary sinus implicated in a process coincidentally or casually with another type of lesion primarily developed. A 33-year-old male patient attended a surgical service, presenting swelling, obstruction and firm mass externalizing through the right nostril and perceived during 6 months. During the anamnesis, the patient stated to been underwent an incisional biopsy 4 years ago of a tumor with histopathological diagnosis of the Nasal Paraganglioma, however the immunohistochemical study was negative for this tumor. During the Computed Tomography evaluate was observed a hyperdense mass occupying the entire maxillary sinus. In the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance evaluation, it was showed a hypersignal image in the entire maxillary sinus, invading the nasal cavity and portion of skull base. A bone window was performed in the right maxillary sinus and excisional biopsy was made. In the new histopathological examination, the diagnose was consistent with Giant Cell Tumor of Bone, being observed a large number of multinucleated giant cells, some with disorganized nuclei and others similar to Touton giant cells. A large proliferation of xanthomatous-looking cells was also observed without features of malignity. At the 3-year follow-up, the patient reported no complications such as facial paralysis, infection, relapse or spread. The association between lesions occurring in the same location requires further study, possibly implicated in a new model of clinical, microscopic, and genetic disorders. Thus, masses originating from chronic inflammatory tissue may have the potential to transform into GCTB?
People-Nearby Applications Use and Local Community Experiences: Disentangling Their Interplay through a Multilevel, Multiple Informant Approach

ABSTRACT This study investigates individual- and community-level factors that affect how people use People-Nearby Applications (PNAs) to meet people in their local communities. We pose that individuals’ local social needs stimulate PNAs use, but that this relationship is contingent upon their neighborhood characteristics. A multiple informant methodology was used. 314 Italian and Dutch PNAs users answered an online questionnaire about their local social needs (bridging social capital, loneliness, sense of community) and their neighborhood social and environmental characteristics. Results show that community-related PNAs use facilitates users to meet their social needs when their local community offers opportunities for social interaction. When the neighborhood offers social places, the relationship between PNAS use and loneliness increases, indicating that in such cases people are willing to use PNAS to counter their loneliness. Furthermore, when neighbors are already more supportive, the relationship between sense of community and PNAS use becomes more negative, which may mean PNAS use cannot further add to a sense of community if the neighborhood already provides this; conversely, the one between bridging social capital and PNAS use becomes more positive. In sum, results show that PNAS use is related to local community experiences, albeit contingent upon the specific neighborhood characteristics.
Supply chain leakage of greenhouse gas emissions and supplier innovation

Climate change is a major global risk and a key driver for greenhouse gas emissions reduction. Yet, firms’ internal emissions reduction may create a leakage leading to higher emissions in the supply chain. The related literature suggests that the pollution‐haven hypothesis explains such emissions leakage. In contrast, we explore an alternative reason for supply chain leakage, which is related to optimization of supply chain activities and supply chain innovation. Based on panel data from Bloomberg Environmental, Social, and Governance and Bloomberg Supply Chain, we estimate our models at a dyadic (i.e., firm and supplier) level using two‐way cluster‐robust standard error, treating various sources of endogeneity. We find empirical evidence of a supply chain leakage effect—a higher level of a supplier's emissions is associated with a lower level of a firm's internal emissions. More importantly, the supplier's innovation can be a major reason behind the leakage; the supply chain leakage effect is stronger when a supplier is more innovative. Furthermore, the role of innovation is strengthened when a supplier invests in eco‐innovation and has technological capabilities similar to those of the focal firm. Our findings suggest that supply chain leakage may not be completely driven by the pollution‐haven effect, but instead is associated with supply chain optimization and innovation that may be beneficial in the long run.
Secure Quantum Network Coding on Butterfly Network

Quantum network coding on the butterfly network has been studied as a typical example of quantum multiple cast network. We propose secure quantum network coding on the butterfly network in the multiple unicast setting based on a secure classical network coding. This protocol certainly transmits quantum states when there is no attack. We also show the secrecy even when the eavesdropper wiretaps one of the channels in the butterfly network.
Effect of Yerba Mate Extract as Feed Additive on Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Emissions in Beef Cattle

Simple Summary The livestock sector contributes a considerable proportion of greenhouse gas emissions. Mechanisms must be developed in this sector to reduce these gases’ emissions. This generates a demand for studies that evaluate plant species or their extracts to define their potential in modulating ruminal fermentation with the objective of reducing enteric methane emissions. The yerba mate extract (YME) is obtained from a plant widely consumed in the southern region of Brazil for its biological properties, with few studies on rumen fermentation, meat quality, and production parameters. For this reason, this study sought to evaluate the inclusion of different levels of YME and analyze its effects on ruminal fermentability, methane emissions, and animal performance. Our results show that the inclusion of YME does not affect ruminal fermentation parameters or apparent digestibility. Abstract The inclusion of plant extracts that contain secondary compounds with the potential to modulate rumen fermentation and improve animal performance has gained attention in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of yerba mate extract (Ilex paraguariensis ST. Hilaire) (YME) on the ruminal parameters. Eight castrated cattle were divided into four groups, a control without YME (0%) and three treatment groups with 0.5, 1 and 2% inclusion of YME in the dry matter. The inclusion of YME did not show differences in ruminal methane emissions (CH4), and total apparent digestibility (p = 0.54). Likewise, YME did not modify ruminal pH, but positively affected NH3-N, which decreased linearly as the extract level in the diet increased (p = 0.01). No short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were influenced by YME, except isovaleric acid (p = 0.01), which showed a lower concentration in the inclusion of 2% YME. Our results show that up to 2% YME does not affect digestibility, ruminal fermentation parameters, or the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the rumen.
Emission Spectra of Fallback Disks around Young Neutron Stars

The nature of the energy source powering anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) is uncertain. Proposed scenarios involve either an ultramagnetized neutron star or accretion onto a neutron star. We consider the accretion model proposed recently by Chatterjee, Hernquist, & Narayan, in which a disk is fed by fallback material following a supernova. We compute the optical, infrared, and submillimeter emission expected from such a disk, including both viscous dissipation and reradiation of X-ray flux impinging on the disk from the pulsar. We find that it is possible with current instruments to put serious constraints on this and on other accretion models of AXPs. Fallback disks could also be found around isolated radio pulsars, and we compute the corresponding spectra. We show that the excess emission in the R and I bands observed for the pulsar PSR 0656+14 is broadly consistent with emission from a disk.
“It Takes a Village:” Reentry Women’s Perseverance in Completing a Clinical or Counseling Psychology Doctorate

Reentry women, or women who have reentered higher education after a gap in studying, are a population of graduate students who have a unique set of challenges compared to their traditional counterparts. In addition, professional psychology programs place additional demands on students that can add to the unique challenges of reentry women. This study sought to examine how reentry women persist in navigating and succeeding in the challenges of clinical or counseling psychology doctoral programs. A theoretical purposive sample of 21 women from the United States and Canada participated. Data collection methods included a semi-structured interview with each participant, and data were analyzed using the constant comparative method of grounded theory. As a result of data analysis, four factors emerged that aided women in their pathways to persistence. Each of the factors had multiple categories that contributed to reentry women’s persistence, including: (a) intrinsic factors: maturational competence and goal grit; (b) extrinsic factors: support village and a climate of belonging; (c) identity factors: academic emersion, navigating liminal space, and professional identity claiming, and finally, (d) reinforcing factors: mastering milestones, maneuvering through barriers by meaning-making, and lucky events. Definitions of the factors, the emergent theoretical model, and the research implications are presented.
Ultrastable CO 2 Laser Trapping of Lithium Fermions

We demonstrate an ultrastable CO2 laser trap that provides tight confinement of neutral atoms with negligible optical scattering and minimal laser-noise- induced heating. Using this method, fermionic 6Li atoms are stored in a 0.4 mK deep well with a 1/e trap lifetime of 300 sec, consistent with a background pressure of 10^(-11) Torr. To our knowledge, this is the longest storage time ever achieved with an all-optical trap, comparable to the best reported magnetic traps.
Bullying and Cyberbullying Victimization and Associated Factors among Adolescents in Six European Countries

Bullying and cyberbullying victimization are significant factors that threaten adolescent development and mental health. Our study aimed to analyze how socioeconomic characteristics and personal experiences of violence are associated with adolescents’ experiences of bullying and cyberbullying victimization. The study participants were 1146 students, 698 females and 448 males, aged between 13 and 16 years old, from secondary schools in Spain, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Poland and the UK. Data was collected through an online questionnaire. Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated using Poisson regression with robust variance. In total, 37.2% of girls and 35.0% of boys reported being victims of bullying and or cyberbullying. The likelihood of bullying and or cyberbullying victimization was higher when adolescents had experienced physical and or sexual abuse before the age of 15, had witnessed domestic violence against their mother or had been victims of intimate partner violence. Perceived social support from teachers and classmates and higher self-esteem were associated with a lower likelihood of becoming a victim of bullying and or cyberbullying, but an association between experience of any other form of violence and the greater possibility of becoming a victim of bullying and or cyberbullying persisted even when self-esteem and social support were included in the model. Protecting adolescents from bullying and or cyberbullying means preventing all exposure to violent experiences in childhood and adolescence. Not having such experiences seems to be the most relevant protective factor.
How subtitling professionals perceive changes in working conditions

The job of a subtitler is undergoing significant changes. This study investigates subtitling professionals’ perceptions of the effects these changes are having on their working conditions. With this aim in mind, an email interview study was conducted with nineteen freelance subtitling professionals producing German-language subtitles. Overall themes in the subtitlers’ accounts were disillusion with recent trends in the subtitling profession (the precarization of the subtitling profession, acceleration of production processes, virtualization of collaboration), concerns about quality (unavailable or low-quality working materials, market entry of unskilled subtitlers, replacement of established local subtitling guidelines by international ones, machine translation), but also opportunities (predictability, solidarity among subtitling professionals). Suggestions for future directions concern longitudinal studies to evaluate the effects changes in professional subtitling practice have on working conditions over time with follow-up surveys to collect subtitlers’ opinions on how the problems identified could best be tackled.