Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maximum Entropy Image Restoration in Astronomy

Imaging the two-dimensional intensity distribution of the sky has always been an important part of astronomy. This is particularly true at present, a time when aperture synthesis mapping is firmly established in radio astronomy, charge-coupled devices are revolutionizing optical imaging, and X-ray-imaging cameras are being flown in space. Atmospheric irregularities, instrument aberrations, detector noise, and the diffraction limit all cause the observed image to deviate from the ideal one. Image restoration techniques have therefore had a long history. The field owes much to the classic papers of Bracewell & Roberts ( 12) and Fellgett & Linfoot (35), which focused attention on the amount and nature of information about the image present in the measurements. These ideas have become increasingly relevant with the growth of interferometry, where the data correspond to the Fourier transform of the image. The Michelson stellar interferometer (82) was an early application in optical astronomy. However, it is at radio frequencies where interferometry has proved most fruitful and where astronomers have had to face the problem
THE EFFECT OF SIMULATION ON NURSING STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE ABOUT COLOSTOMY IRRIGATION: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the effect of clinical simulation and of a lectured class on Nursing students' knowledge about the colostomy irrigation procedure. Method: a quasi-experimental study conducted in September 2019 with Nursing students attending Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte in Natal, Brazil. The instruments used were a questionnaire targeted at sociodemographic issues and a knowledge analysis tool at three different moments. The Control Group had a lectured class and the Intervention Group took part in the laboratory simulation. The Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for data analysis. Results: no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of the sociodemographic profile. In the analysis of the means of correct answers, better measures were observed in the post-test of both groups when compared to the pre-test; however, in the retention test, the students from the Intervention Group had better and statistically significant results than those from the Control Group (p-value=0.015). Conclusion: it is noticed that both teaching strategies exerted a positive effect on the students' learning process. Although both are equally important and effective, simulation showed better performance in knowledge retention. It is expected that this research enables educators to reflect on their work and allows them to use strategies that enhance their teaching practice, in order to benefit teaching and the students' development.
Ten years’ blindness of the right eye: A rare presentation of an orbital melanoma

Benign and malignant orbital tumours develop from the orbit or invade it from the surrounding tissues. Ocular melanoma is a rare but potentially devastating malignancy arising from the melanocytes of the uveal tract, conjunctiva, or orbit. The poor overall survival depends mainly on its high metastatic rate. Signs and symptoms are variables mainly depending on the size of the tumour. Its treatment consists generally of surgery, radiotherapy or both. We report a case of a patient suffering from unilateral blindness for the last 10 years with a recent swelling of the orbit. The pathological analysis described a uveal melanoma. The patient benefitted from a total orbital exenteration with reconstruction using a temporal flap. Thereafter, the patient received adjuvant radiotherapy and immunotherapy. The patient was in complete remission. No recurrence was highlighted after 2 years of follow-up.
Participation in Everyday Leisure and Its Influencing Factors for People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review of the Empirical Findings

Background: Participation is often defined as taking part and being included in different areas of life. Leisure represents an important area of life for all people. People with disabilities have the right to experience leisure time in a self-determined manner. They have the right to participate in leisure activities on an equal basis with others. Due to various influencing factors, people with intellectual disabilities, especially those with severe to profound intellectual disabilities, are at risk of decreased participation. This is alarming because participation in leisure activities reflects quality of life. Purpose: The present study aims to review the empirical findings on leisure participation and its influencing factors in people with mild to moderate disabilities as compared to people with severe to profound intellectual disabilities. Method: A scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR checklist by Cochrane and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was conducted to examine research studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2022. The studies that were included relate to activities within the everyday leisure time of people with intellectual disabilities, regardless of age, gender, or severity of their cognitive disability. The categories of vacation and tourism were excluded so as to focus on everyday leisure. The sample was screened by two reviewers independently. In total, 27 articles met the inclusion criteria, with 21 articles referring to people with a mild to moderate intellectual disability and only six articles referring to people with a severe to profound intellectual disability. The evidence was summarized with a predefined standardized charting form, which was used by the two reviewers. Results: The results show that participation in leisure activities by people with intellectual disabilities can be limited, especially for those with severe to profound intellectual disabilities. This contradicts the guiding principle and human rights of inclusion and self-determination. Their participation in leisure time is extremely dependent on external factors, such as support people, leisure time availability, and form of living. Passive activities at home are often provided for people with severe to profound intellectual disabilities in particular; therefore, the need for interactive and self-determined leisure opportunities in the community is enormous. Various factors influencing leisure participation can be identified. Implications: The findings of this scoping review can be used to consider intervention, support, and barriers to enhancing leisure participation among people with disabilities as an important area of life.
A bivariate birth-death process which approximates to the spread of a disease involving a vector

A simple model for a bivariate birth-death process is proposed. This model approximates to the host-vector epidemic situation. An investigation of the transient process is made and the mean behaviour over time is explicitly found. The probability of extinction and the behaviour of the process conditional upon extinction are examined and the probability distribution of the cumulative population size to extinction is found. Appropriate circumstances are suggested under which the model might possibly be applied to malaria. The host-vector model is classified within a general class of models which represent large population approximations to epidemics involving two types of infectives.
A comparison of two immobilization methods in the conservative treatment of pediatric distal forearm fractures: Long arm cast versus single sugar-tong splint

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the results of single sugar-tong splint (SSTS) and long arm cast (LAC) as an immobilization method in pediatric distal forearm fractures. Patients and methods Between January 2016 and December 2019, a total of 186 pediatric patients (143 males, 43 females; mean age: 10.3±3 years; range, 4 to 15 years) with distal forearm fractures were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the immobilization method: SSTS group (n=74) and LAC group (n=112). All patients were evaluated at the time of admission, immediately after the reduction, and at one, two, and four weeks. Sagittal and coronal plane angulations and translation percentages of the radius at each visit were calculated. Alterations in coronal angle, sagittal angle, sagittal translation and coronal translation were calculated by subtracting the measurements after reduction from the measurements at four weeks. Results Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic characteristics, fracture localization, and side of injured extremity. There was a statistically significant difference only in the sagittal angulations in the first (LAC: 4.7; SSTS: 6.5; p=0.009) and second week (LAC: 5.3; SSTS: 6.8; p=0.024). The rest of radiological measurements were comparable. In the LAC group, seven patients had re-intervention (three manipulations, four surgeries) and in the SSTS group, three patients had re-intervention (two manipulations, one surgery) (p=0.657). Conclusion Our study results suggest that SSTS and LAC are comparable in terms of radiological results and need for re-intervention as an immobilization method of pediatric distal forearm fractures.
Advantages and Challenges of Teaching Graphic Novels in English Classrooms: A Systematic Review

Graphic novels are a multimodal format that is growing in popularity, and they are increasingly being used as part of the literature curriculum in schools around the world. However, for a variety of reasons, graphic novels continue to be met with scepticism, and many instructors are hesitant to include them into their classrooms. This paper presents a systematic literature review of 18 relevant published research on the teaching of graphic novels in the English classrooms (English as a Second Language [ESL] and English as a Foreign Language [EFL] contexts) around the world for the past decade from the year 2012 to 2022. The findings highlight the advantages and the challenges of the teaching of graphic novels in English classrooms. Results revealed that there are five advantages of teaching the multimodal medium in the English classes which are; improved comprehension, boost reading motivation, enhance critical thinking skills, increased vocabulary acquisition and improved English-speaking proficiency. The review's findings also show that there are three key challenges in teaching graphic novels; lack of visual literacy among students and teachers, lack of instructional strategies and scepticism towards graphic novels. Furthermore, it was also discovered that the visual element of graphic novels which contribute to the primary benefits, is also the one that presents the greatest challenge. The limitations of past studies and recommendations for future research were also discussed.
Association of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGFs) with Recurrent Miscarriage: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Recurrent miscarriage (RM) can be defined as two or more consecutive miscarriages before 20 weeks’ gestation. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) play an important role in endometrial angiogenesis and decidualization, prerequisites for successful pregnancy outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature investigating the role of VEGFs in RM. In particular, we explored the methodological inconsistencies between the published reports on this topic. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic literature review to examine the role of VEGFs in RM. Our systematic search followed PRISMA guidelines. Three databases, Medline (Ovid), PubMed, and Embase, were searched. Assessment-bias analyses were conducted using the Joanna Bigger Institute critical appraisal method for case-control studies. Thirteen papers were included in the final analyses. These studies included 677 cases with RM and 724 controls. Endometrial levels of VEGFs were consistently lower in RM cases compared to controls. There were no consistent significant findings with respect to VEGFs levels in decidua, fetoplacental tissues, and serum when RM cases were compared to controls. The interpretation of studies that explored the relationship between VEGFs and RM is hampered by inconsistencies in defining clinical, sampling, and analytical variables. To clarify the association between VEGF and RM in future studies, researchers ideally should use similarly defined clinical groups, similar samples collected in the same way, and laboratory analyses undertaken using the same methods.
A Systematic Review of Location Data for Depression Prediction

Depression contributes to a wide range of maladjustment problems. With the development of technology, objective measurement for behavior and functional indicators of depression has become possible through the passive sensing technology of digital devices. Focusing on location data, we systematically reviewed the relationship between depression and location data. We searched Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases by combining terms related to passive sensing and location data with depression. Thirty-one studies were included in this review. Location data demonstrated promising predictive power for depression. Studies examining the relationship between individual location data variables and depression, homestay, entropy, and the normalized entropy variable of entropy dimension showed the most consistent and significant correlations. Furthermore, variables of distance, irregularity, and location showed significant associations in some studies. However, semantic location showed inconsistent results. This suggests that the process of geographical movement is more related to mood changes than to semantic location. Future research must converge across studies on location-data measurement methods.
Assessment of the Graft Quality and Patency during and after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the gold standard procedure for multi vessels and left main coronary artery disease. The prognosis and survival outcomes of CABG surgery are highly dependent on the patency of the bypass graft. Early graft failure which can occur during or soon after CABG remains a significant issue, with reported incidences of 3–10%. Graft failure can lead to refractory angina, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, low cardiac output, and fatal cardiac failure, emphasizing the importance of ensuring graft patency during and after surgery to prevent such complications. Technical errors during anastomosis are among the leading causes of early graft failure. To address this issue, various modalities and techniques have been developed to evaluate graft patency during and after CABG surgery. These modalities aim to assess the quality and integrity of the graft, thus enabling surgeons to identify and address any issues before they lead to significant complications. In this review article, we aim to discuss the strengths and limitations of all available techniques and modalities, with the goal to identify the best modality for evaluating graft patency during and after CABG surgery.
Spatiotemporal superposed rogue-wave-like breathers in a (3+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger equation

A one-to-one relation between a variable-coefficient (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation with linear and parabolic potentials and the standard nonlinear Schrodinger equation is presented, and then superposed rogue-wave-like breather solution is obtained. These explicit expressions, describing the evolution of the amplitude, width, center and phase, imply that the diffraction, nonlinearity and gain/loss parameters interplay together to influence evolutional characteristics above. Moreover, the controllable mechanism for fast excitation, maintenance, restraint and recurrence of breather is studied. We also provide an experimental scheme to observe these phenomena in future experiments.
CP-CNN: Computational Parallelization of CNN-Based Object Detectors in Heterogeneous Embedded Systems for Autonomous Driving

The success of research using convolutional neural network (CNN)-based camera sensor processing for autonomous driving has accelerated the development of autonomous driving vehicles. Since autonomous driving algorithms require high-performance computing for fast and accurate perception, a heterogeneous embedded platform consisting of a graphics processing unit (GPU) and a power-efficient dedicated deep learning accelerator (DLA) has been developed to efficiently implement deep learning algorithms in limited hardware environments. However, because the hardware utilization of these platforms remains low, performance differences such as processing speed and power efficiency between the heterogeneous platform and an embedded platform with only GPUs remain insignificant. To address this problem, this paper proposes an optimization technique that fully utilizes the available hardware resources in heterogeneous embedded platforms using parallel processing on DLA and GPU. Our proposed power-efficient network inference method improves processing speed without losing accuracy based on analyzing the problems encountered when dividing the networks between DLA and GPU for parallel processing. Moreover, the high compatibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by applying the proposed method to various CNN-based object detectors. The experimental results show that the proposed method increases the processing speed by 77.8%, 75.6%, and 55.2% and improves the power efficiency by 84%, 75.9%, and 62.3% on YOLOv3, SSD, and YOLOv5 networks, respectively, without an accuracy penalty.
Random forest regression and spectral band selection for estimating sugarcane leaf nitrogen concentration using EO-1 Hyperion hyperspectral data

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important limiting nutrients for sugarcane production. Conventionally, sugarcane N concentration is examined using direct methods such as collecting leaf samples from the field followed by analytical assays in the laboratory. These methods do not offer real-time, quick, and non-destructive strategies for estimating sugarcane N concentration. Methods that take advantage of remote sensing, particularly hyperspectral data, can present reliable techniques for predicting sugarcane leaf N concentration. Hyperspectral data are extremely large and of high dimensionality. Many hyperspectral features are redundant due to the strong correlation between wavebands that are adjacent. Hence, the analysis of hyperspectral data is complex and needs to be simplified by selecting the most relevant spectral features. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of a random forest (RF) regression algorithm for selecting spectral features in hyperspectral data necessary for predicting sugarcane leaf N concentration. To achieve this, two Hyperion images were captured from fields of 6–7 month-old sugarcane, variety N19. The machine-learning RF algorithm was used as a feature-selection and regression method to analyse the spectral data. Stepwise multiple linear (SML) regression was also examined to predict the concentration of sugarcane leaf N after the reduction of the redundancy in hyperspectral data. The results showed that sugarcane leaf N concentration can be predicted using both non-linear RF regression (coefficient of determination, R 2 = 0.67; root mean square error of validation (RMSEV) = 0.15%; 8.44% of the mean) and SML regression models (R 2 = 0.71; RMSEV = 0.19%; 10.39% of the mean) derived from the first-order derivative of reflectance. It was concluded that the RF regression algorithm has potential for predicting sugarcane leaf N concentration using hyperspectral data.
Quality Evaluation and Consumer Acceptance Test of Functional Fruit-herb Beverages

Background: Functional beverages are one of the kind that focuses solely on consumer interest in health and have distinctive formulations made up of different herbal ingredients along with fruits/vegetables blended together to meet the optimum outcomes. The purpose of the present paper is quality evaluation and organoleptic acceptability which is identified as a significant predictor. Methods: The developed functional fruit-herb beverages produced from Wheatgrass, Pomelo fruit and Hibiscus flower in addition to one each from six treatments of different proportions were analyzed for consumer acceptance test along with chlorophyll, carotenoids, total Phenolic contents, flavonoids content and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Result: The consumer’s overall acceptability of the beverages one serving portion (200 ml) was significantly correlated to their taste and flavor and consumer preference on taste. Beverage (T2) was most preferred, but beverage T2 was favored by one group while beverage (T3) was chosen by the second group. This study examined the chemical characteristics of functional fruit-herb beverages and its conclusions imply that changing the proportions of the ingredients will change the optimal beverage blend’s nutrient profile. Hibiscus juice in T5 and T2 at higher ratios greatly enhanced the formulation’s antioxidant response. While the level of chlorophyll and carotenoids considerably rose in T6 and T3 as the ratio of wheatgrass juice increased.
Fermatean Fuzzy-Based Personalized Prioritization of Barriers to IoT Adoption within the Clean Energy Context

Globally, industries are focusing on green habits, with world leaders demanding net zero carbon; clean energy is considered an attractive and viable option. The Internet of things (IoT) is an emerging technology with potential opportunities in the clean energy domain for quality improvement in production and management. Earlier studies on IoTs show evidence that direct adoption of such digital technology is an ordeal and incurs adoption barriers that must be prioritized for effective management. Motivated by the claim, in this paper, the authors attempt to prioritize the diverse adoption barriers with the support of the newly proposed Fermatean fuzzy-based decision framework. Initially, qualitative rating information is collected via questionnaires on barriers and criteria from the circular economy (CE). Later, these are converted to Fermatean fuzzy numbers used by integrated approaches for decision processes. A regret scheme is put forward for determining CE criteria importance, and the barriers are prioritized by using a novel ranking algorithm that incorporates the WASPAS formulation and experts’ personal choices during rank estimation. The applicability of the developed framework is testified via a case example. Sensitivity analysis and comparison reveal the merits and limitations of the developed decision model. Results show that labor/workforce skill insufficiency, an ineffective framework for performance, a technology divide, insufficient legislation and control, and lack of time for training and skill practice are the top five barriers that hinder IoT adoption, based on the rating data. Additionally, the criteria such as cost cutting via a reuse scheme, resource circularity, emission control, and scaling profit with green habits are the top four criteria for their relative importance values. From these inferences, the respective authorities in the clean energy sector could effectively plan their strategies for addressing these barriers to promote IoT adoption in the clean energy sector.
Challenging Autonomy with Combinatorial Testing

This paper describes an input space modelling and test generation method called CACTus (Challenging Autonomy with Combinatorial Testing) that creates a suite of ‘challenge scenarios’ for autonomous systems. Though the parameter space for autonomous systems is vast, CACTus helps to reduce the parameter space using combinatorial testing and by incorporating expert judgement into the formulation of the scenarios. The resulting scenarios can be executed on appropriate test infrastructure, such as simulators or hardware-in-loop testing. CACTus may be used by practitioners to exercise systems as part of efforts to obtain compliance with standards like ISO 21448 or UL 4600. The method is applied to generate test scenarios for the perception system of a commercial autonomous vehicle.