Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance measurement indicators influential to the espousal of cyber-physical systems for facilities management – a Delphi approach

Purpose The quest for improved facilities management (FM) delivery is receiving immense focus through the incorporation of innovative technologies such as cyber-physical systems (CPS). The system’s high computational capabilities can aid in the abatement of some of the challenges plaguing FM functions. However, the requisite ingredients for the uptake of the system for FM have still not gained scholarly attention. Because performance measurement is a vital index in determining the outcome of FM methods, this study aims to investigate the influence of performance measurement indicators that are influential to the uptake of CPS for delivering FM functions. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative technique was adopted using the Delphi technique. The panel of experts for the study was selected through a well-defined process based on stipulated criteria. The experts gave their opinions in two rounds before consensus was attained on the identified performance measurement indicators, whereas methods of data analysis were measures of central tendency, inter-quartile deviation and Mann–Whitney U test. Findings Results from this study showed that 11 of the performance indicators were of very high significance in the determination of the uptake of CPS for FM functions, whereas 5 of the indicators were proven to be of high significance. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference in the opinions of the experts based on their affiliation with academic institutions and professional practice. Practical implications The findings of this study contribute practically by aiding policymakers, facility managers and relevant stakeholders with the vital knowledge of delivery mandates for efficient FM services that can spur the uptake of digital technologies such as CPS. Originality/value This study contributes to the body of knowledge as it unveils a roadmap of the expected performance output and its accompanying evaluation that would drive the adoption of a promising technology such as CPS in the delivery of FM tasks.
Sea Ice Velocity Measurements by Upward-Looking Doppler Current Profilers

Abstract A novel method for measuring sea ice motion using upward-looking Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers is presented. The method overcomes some of the drawbacks inherent in other methods such as lack of temporal resolution or restriction to nearshore areas. Two ADCP's of different sampling configuration were deployed in areas of differing ice climate in the Gulf of St. Lawrence during the winter of 1987/88. Both units proved that they can successfully measure ice velocities while mounted on the ocean bottom. Acoustically measured ice velocities and those measured by radar compare to within 10% in most cases. The variance of the “error” in the acoustically measured surface vertical velocity increases by almost three orders of magnitude when the surface reflector changes from an ice surface to a wind wave dominated surface. This enables differentiation between ice and open water conditions.
Asymmetric Rayleigh-Taylor and double-diffusive fingers in reactive systems

Buoyancy-driven flows induced by the hydrodynamic Rayleigh-Taylor or double-diffusive instabilities develop symmetrically around the initial contact line when two solutions of given solutes with different densities are put in contact in the gravitational field. If the solutes affecting the densities of these solutions are involved in chemical reactions, changes in composition due to the underlying reaction-diffusion processes can modify the density profile in space and time, and affect the hydrodynamic patterns. In particular, if the density difference between the two reactant solutions is not too large, the resulting chemo-hydrodynamic patterns are asymmetric with regard to the initial contact line. We quantify both experimentally and numerically this asymmetry showing that fingers here preferentially develop above the reaction zone and not across the mixing zone as in the non reactive situation. In some cases, the reaction can even lead to the onset of a secondary double-diffusive instability between th.
Effect of Crop Geometry and Drip Fertigation on Dry Matter Partitioning, Yield Attributes and Yield of Interspecific Hybrid Bt Cotton

Field experiments were carried out during 2012–2013 and 2013–14 two consecutive years at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore tostudy the dry matter partitioning, yield attributes and yield of Bt cotton as influenced by crop geometry and drip fertigation. The experiment was laid out in a strip plot design with three replications. The treatments in main plot consisted of four crop geometry levels (120 x 60 cm, 120 x 90 cm, 150 x 60 cm and 150 x 90 cm) and sub plots consisted of four nutrient levels viz., 75%, 100%, 125% of recommended dose as water soluble fertilizer (WSF) through drip system and as conventional practice. Here, 75% of the P as basal (single super phosphate) and remaining 25% P as Water soluble fertilizer and entire quantity of N and K as water soluble fertilizer was applied based on recommended fertigation schedule. The experimental results revealed that wider crop geometry 150 x 90 cm with application of 125% water soluble fertilizer recorded more dry matter partitioning to different plant parts and yield attributes plant−1. Higher seed cotton yield were recorded with crop geometry of 120 x 90 cm and 125% as water soluble fertilizer. Lower dry matter partitioning, yield attributes and yield were recorded with conventional irrigation and fertilizer application.
Effects of adding dexmedetomidine to nebulized lidocaine on control of hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation: A randomized clinical trial

Background and Aims: Hemodynamic responses (HDR) to laryngoscopy and intubation are a significant concern for the anesthesiologist. This study aimed to compare the effects of intravenous Dexmedetomidine and nebulized Lidocaine for control of HDR to laryngoscopy and intubation when used in combination or alone. Material and Methods: This double-blind, parallel group, randomized clinical trial included 90 patients (30 for each group) aged 18-55 years with ASA grade 1-2. Group DL received intravenous (IV) Dexmedetomidine (1 μg kg-1) and nebulized Lidocaine 4% (3 mg kg-1) before laryngoscopy. Group D received IV Dexmedetomidine (1 μg kg-1) and group L received nebulized Lidocaine 4% (3 mg kg-1). Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at baseline, post nebulization, and at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 min post-intubation. Data analysis was done by SPSS 20.0. Results: Post-intubation HR was better controlled in group DL than group D and group L (76.40 ± 5.61, 95.16 ± 10.60, 103.90 ± 12.98 respectively, P value <0.01). Group DL > D > L controlled SBP changes significantly (118.93 ± 7.70, 131.10 ± 9.20, 142.66 ± 19.62 respectively, P value <0.01). At 7 and 10 minutes, group D and L found similarly effective in preventing a rise in SBP. Group DL showed significantly better control of DBP than group L and D till 7 minutes (P < 0.01). Group DL also had better control of MAP post-intubation (92.86 ± 5.50) than group D (102.70 ± 6.64) and L (112.66 ± 7.66) and continued to be better till 10 minutes. Conclusion: We found the addition of intravenous Dexmedetomidine to nebulized Lidocaine to be superior in controlling the increase in HR and MBP post-intubation with no adverse effects.
A Negotiated Gender Order: British Army Control of Servicewomen in ‘Front Line’ Counterinsurgency, 1948–2014

This conceptual paper critically analyses how the British Army exercises control over the production of knowledge about women’s war labour in ‘front line combat’ and how women exert agency to resist this. 2018 saw all British military roles opened to women, yet it is a myth to say that women are only now able to serve in ‘front line combat’. The paper reveals a complex negotiated gender order or ‘bargain’ between the British Army and servicewomen seeing the latter controlled through their co-option, embodied by compliant military femininities, whilst permitting them some agency to resist. Driven by military need, sustaining this ordering has repeatedly seen women exposed to unnecessary risk. This critical feminist history contributes to conceptual development through deconstructing gendered knowledge systems, arguing that foregrounding women’s voices is central to furthering the cultural turn in war studies.
Nuisance vs. Substance: Specifying and Estimating Time-Series-Cross-Section Models

In a previous article we showed that ordinary least squares with panel corrected standard errors is superior to the Parks generalized least squares approach to the estimation of time-series-cross-section models. In this article we compare our proposed method with another leading technique, Kmenta's “cross-sectionally heteroskedastic and timewise autocorrelated” model. This estimator uses generalized least squares to correct for both panel heteroskedasticity and temporally correlated errors. We argue that it is best to model dynamics via a lagged dependent variable rather than via serially correlated errors. The lagged dependent variable approach makes it easier for researchers to examine dynamics and allows for natural generalizations in a manner that the serially correlated errors approach does not. We also show that the generalized least squares correction for panel heteroskedasticity is, in general, no improvement over ordinary least squares and is, in the presence of parameter heterogeneity, inferior to it. In the conclusion we present a unified method for analyzing time-series-cross-section data.
Diagnostic Value of Blood Oxygen Saturation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Predicting Lung Sequels in COVID-19 Infected Patients Admitted to Hospital: A 12-week Cohort Study

Background: Evidence of COVID-19 respiratory sequels is restricted and predisposing factors are not well studied more than two years passing pandemic. This study followed COVID-19 patients 12 weeks after discharge from hospital for respiratory sequels. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study on discharged COVID-19 patients in 2021, in Jahrom, Iran. Exposure was COVID-19 clinical features at hospitalization, including symptoms and physical examination and laboratory findings, and primary endpoint was 12-week lung sequel, being evaluated by a chest CT scan. Demographics and previous medical history were considered covariates. SPO2 and CRP 6-week changes were followed as an early tool for prediction of 12-week lung sequel. Results: Totally, 383 participants (17 had sequels) with mean age of 57.43±18.03 years old (50.13% male) completed 12-week study follow-ups. Ninety-one (23.8%) subjects had an ICU admission history. SPO2% in 6th week was statistically significantly associated with a higher rate of 12-week sequelae (p<0.001). Also, patients having CT scan scores between 40% to 50% (p=0.012) and higher than 50% (p=0.040) had higher chance of experiencing lung sequelae than patients with CT scan score of below 40%, as well as having ICU admission history and lower SPO2% at 6th week of discharge. There was a statistically significant increasing trend of SPO2% (P<0.001) and a statistically significant decreasing trend of CRP levels (P<0.001), overall. SPO2% increase after 6 weeks was lower in participants with lung sequels than fully improved ones (P=0.002) and as well as total 12-week change in SPO2% (P=0.001). CRP changes in none of evaluated periods were different among study groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our results were in favor of closely following SPO2 levels after patient discharge, while CRP assessment seems not helpful based on our results.
Consumer Buying Behaviour towards Online Shopping

Online marketing has gained huge popularity and importance all over the world. It is expected that by the end of 2040, the number rise to more than 1.5 billion as far as internet user is concerned. Considering the wide range of benefits, it provides to marketers as well as customers, it has become one of the leading mediums of marketing. The study aims to analyse the consumer habits while using internet shopping and also to determine the factors which motivates the consumer to make purchase via the online shopping. The study comprises of empirical research design. The study was carried out in Patna city, Bihar during two weeks (From 14th January to 28th January 2023). Convenience sampling technique was used to collect 50 samples using Google Form. Both primary and secondary data have been used in this study. Bar diagram, pie chart, and percentage method have been used to analyse the data. The findings of the study reveal that respondent shop mostly online shopping as compared to offline, number of purchases made is once in a month and almost all respondent relies on online shopping to purchase mostly electronic gadget followed by clothes and they feel convenient and secure while buying online product. It is also found out that online shopping is cheaper than the offline shopping and the product quality is also good in online shopping. Conclusions from this research indicate that customer buying behaviour towards online shopping is influenced by a wide range of characteristics, usage pattern, and factors including but not limited to age, gender, price, convenience, satisfaction, frequency, type of product, money spent, satisfaction level, convenience, product quality and so on. The study overall concludes that consumer habits and factors affect the buying behaviour towards online shopping.
Connectome dysfunction in patients at clinical high risk for psychosis and modulation by oxytocin

Abnormalities in functional brain networks (functional connectome) are increasingly implicated in people at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P). Intranasal oxytocin, a potential novel treatment for the CHR-P state, modulates network topology in healthy individuals. However, its connectomic effects in people at CHR-P remain unknown. Forty-seven men (30 CHR-P and 17 healthy controls) received acute challenges of both intranasal oxytocin 40 IU and placebo in two parallel randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over studies. Multi-echo resting-state fMRI data was acquired at approximately 1h post-dosing. Using a graph theoretical approach, the effects of group (CHR-P vs healthy control), treatment (oxytocin vs placebo) and respective interactions were tested on graph metrics describing the topology of the functional connectome. Group effects were observed in 12 regions (all pFDR<.05) most localised to the frontoparietal network. Treatment effects were found in 7 regions (all pFDR<.05) predominantly within the ventral attention network. Our major finding was that many effects of oxytocin on network topology differ across CHR-P and healthy individuals, with significant interaction effects observed in numerous subcortical regions strongly implicated in psychosis onset, such as the thalamus, pallidum and nucleus accumbens, and cortical regions which localised primarily to the default mode network (12 regions, all pFDR<.05). Our findings provide new insights on aberrant functional brain network organisation associated with psychosis risk and demonstrate, for the first time, that oxytocin modulates network topology in brain regions implicated in the pathophysiology of psychosis in a clinical status (CHR-P vs healthy control) specific manner. Further profiling of the connectomic, clinical and cognitive effects of oxytocin in this population is warranted.
Taxonomic Classification of Asteroids Using the KMTNet Multiband Photometry Data Set

We report the multiband photometry of asteroids observed over 14 nights from 2015 December to 2017 December using the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network telescopes with the taxonomic classification of those objects. The data set contains the photometry of 6793 asteroids in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey griz bands. Following the method of DeMeo & Carry, we define classification criteria on the 2D color plane to assign nine taxonomic types (A, B, C, K, L&D, O, S, V, and X) for the observed objects. We also determine asteroid taxonomy in the newly defined 3D color space as suggested by Roh et al. with seven distinct types based on their novel semisupervised machine-learning model. Both methods distinguish between the S type and others but have difficulty separating the X and C types due to their weak and indistinguishable features and broad distribution in the color spaces. The heliocentric distribution of the observed asteroids with their taxonomic assignments confirms similar trends in the previous works; the number of S types decreases, while the fraction of C types increases with the heliocentric distance in the main belt. On the other hand, the D type dominates in the Jupiter Trojans.
Characterisation of ion temperature and toroidal rotation on the ST40 tokamak

ST40 is a high field low-aspect ratio spherical tokamak built and operated by Tokamak Energy Ltd. Recent plasma operations were aimed at exploring operational scenarios to maximise the central plasma temperature and have culminated in the achievement of thermal ion temperatures of over 9 keV. This paper presents ion temperature and toroidal rotation measurements performed on ST40 during the 2021–22 campaign for a range of different scenarios. Several independent diagnostic systems are used, analysing their correlation and interpreting their differences using new diagnostic forward models.
WRF multi‐physics simulation of clouds in the African region

The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model has been used to simulate clouds, and their effects on precipitation and radiation, in Africa. The results have been compared with observational databases, mainly based on satellite measurements. The Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) Observation Simulator Package (COSP) has been used to consistently compare simulated clouds with satellite data, allowing us to evaluate not only the total cloud cover but also the cloud amount of different cloud types, classified according to their optical thickness and cloud‐top pressure. Nine WRF simulations, for the 2002–2006 period, were carried out to evaluate the influence on cloud cover of different physical parametrizations and model configurations. In general, model simulations show similar results, underestimating total cloud cover in most of the studied region. In the tropical convective area, high clouds are underestimated, but the net effect on the radiation is partially compensated by the overestimation of cloud optical depth. Major differences appear over subtropical areas dominated by marine boundary‐layer clouds, mainly off the coast of Namibia. In this area, simulations show too many thick clouds and too few clouds with lower optical thickness. The net result is an underestimation of low cloud cover. Also, the transition from stratocumulus to shallow cumulus away from the coast is not realistically modelled.
Lu–H–N Phase Diagram from First-Principles Calculations

Employing a comprehensive structure search and high-throughput first-principles calculation method on 1561 compounds, the present study reveals the phase diagram of Lu–H–N. In detail, the formation energy landscape of Lu–H–N is derived and utilized to assess the thermodynamic stability of each compound that is created via element substitution. The result indicates that there is no stable ternary structure in the Lu–H–N chemical system, however, metastable ternary structures, such as Lu20H2N17 (C2/m) and Lu2H2N ( P3¯m1 ), are observed to have small E hull (< 100 meV/atom). It is also found that the energy convex hull of the Lu–H–N system shifts its shape when applying hydrostatic pressure up to 10 GPa, and the external pressure stabilizes a couple of binary phases such as LuN9 and Lu10H21. Additionally, interstitial voids in LuH2 are observed, which may explain the formation of Lu10H21 and LuH3–δ N ε . To provide a basis for comparison, x-ray diffraction patterns and electronic structures of some compounds are also presented.
Vorticity wave interaction and exceptional points in shear flow instabilities

We establish a link between vorticity wave interaction and $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry breaking in shear flow instabilities. The minimal dynamical system for two coupled counter-propagating vorticity waves is shown to be a non-Hermitian system that exhibits a saddle-node exceptional point. The mechanism of phase-locking and mutual growth of vorticity waves is then related to the Krein collision and the breaking of $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry through the exceptional point. The key parameter that leads the system to spontaneous $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry breaking is the ratio between frequency detuning and coupling strength of the vorticity waves. The critical behavior near the exceptional point is described as a transition between phase-locking and phase-slip dynamics of the vorticity waves. The phase-slip dynamics lead to non-modal, transient growth of perturbations in the regime of unbroken $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry, and the phase-slip frequency $\Omega \propto |k-k_c|^{1/2}$ shares the same critical exponent with the phase rigidity of system eigenvectors. The results can be readily extended to the interaction of multiple vorticity waves with multiple exceptional points and rich transient dynamics.
A Review on Machine Theory of Mind

Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to attribute mental states to others, the basis of human cognition. At present, there has been growing interest in the AI with cognitive abilities, for example in healthcare and the motoring industry. Beliefs, desires, and intentions are the early abilities of infants and the foundation of human cognitive ability, as well as for machine with ToM. In this paper, we review recent progress in machine ToM on beliefs, desires, and intentions. And we shall introduce the experiments, datasets and methods of machine ToM on these three aspects, summarize the development of different tasks and datasets in recent years, and compare well-behaved models in aspects of advantages, limitations and applicable conditions, hoping that this study can guide researchers to quickly keep up with latest trend in this field. Unlike other domains with a specific task and resolution framework, machine ToM lacks a unified instruction and a series of standard evaluation tasks, which make it difficult to formally compare the proposed models. We argue that, one method to address this difficulty is now to present a standard assessment criteria and dataset, better a large-scale dataset covered multiple aspects of ToM.
Vision Transformer-based Model for Severity Quantification of Lung Pneumonia Using Chest X-ray Images

To develop generic and reliable approaches for diagnosing and assessing the severity of COVID-19 from chest X-rays (CXR), a large number of well-maintained COVID-19 datasets are needed. Existing severity quantification architectures require expensive training calculations to achieve the best results. For healthcare professionals to quickly and automatically identify COVID-19 patients and predict associated severity indicators, computer utilities are needed. In this work, we propose a Vision Transformer (ViT)-based neural network model that relies on a small number of trainable parameters to quantify the severity of COVID-19 and other lung diseases. We present a feasible approach to quantify the severity of CXR, called Vision Transformer Regressor Infection Prediction (ViTReg-IP), derived from a ViT and a regression head. We investigate the generalization potential of our model using a variety of additional test chest radiograph datasets from different open sources. In this context, we performed a comparative study with several competing deep learning analysis methods. The experimental results show that our model can provide peak performance in quantifying severity with high generalizability at a relatively low computational cost. The source codes used in our work are publicly available at https://github.com/bouthainas/ViTReg-IP.