Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Tuned Microwave Resonant System for Subcutaneous Imaging

A compact and planar imaging system was developed using a flexible polymer substrate that can distinguish subcutaneous tissue abnormalities, such as breast tumors, based on electromagnetic-wave interactions in materials where permittivity variations affect wave reflection. The sensing element is a tuned loop resonator operating in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band at 2.423 GHz, providing a localized high-intensity electric field that penetrates into tissues with sufficient spatial and spectral resolutions. The resonant frequency shifts and magnitudes of the reflection coefficients indicate the boundaries of abnormal tissues under the skin due to their high contrasts to normal tissues. The sensor was tuned to the desired resonant frequency with a reflection coefficient of −68.8 dB for a radius of 5.7 mm, with a tuning pad. Quality factors of 173.1 and 34.4 were achieved in simulations and measurements in phantoms. An image-processing method was introduced to fuse raster-scanned 9 × 9 images of resonant frequencies and reflection coefficients for image-contrast enhancement. The results showed a clear indication of the tumor’s location at a depth of 15 mm and the capability to identify two tumors both at the depth of 10 mm. The sensing element can be expanded to a four-element phased array for deeper field penetration. Field analysis showed the depths of −20 dB attenuation were improved from 19 to 42 mm, giving wider coverage in tissues at resonance. Results showed that a quality factor of 152.5 was achieved and a tumor could be identified at a depth of up to 50 mm. In this work, simulations and measurements were conducted to validate the concept, showing great potential for subcutaneous imaging in medical applications in a noninvasive, efficient, and lower-cost way.
Full-Order and Simplified Dynamic Phasor Models of a Single-Phase Two-Stage Grid-Connected PV System

This paper presents a study on the use of the dynamic phasor (DP) method to develop efficient simulation models for a single-phase two-stage grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. Two DP models, DP-Full and DP-Simp, are proposed, with the former modeling the PV array, PV capacitor, boost converter, DC-link, and MPPT (maximum power point tracking) control in detail, while the latter simplifies the DC-side model of the inverter by aggregating the PV capacitor- and boost inductor dynamics into a first-order function and calculating the MPP (maximum power point) voltage and current analytically. The accuracy and execution speed of the two DP models are verified by comparing their performance with those of a detailed switching model simulated in a commercially available electromagnetic transient program. Simulation and error calculation results show that there is a good agreement between results from the proposed DP models and the detailed switching model. The proposed DP models also demonstrate computational advantage over the detailed switching model in a multi-converter scenario, making them useful for fast-paced transient analysis of distribution grids with high PV penetrations.
Development and validation of a combined hypoxia and ferroptosis prognostic signature for breast cancer

Background Hypoxia is involved in tumor biological processes and disease progression. Ferroptosis, as a newly discovered programmed cell death process, is closely related to breast cancer (BC) occurrence and development. However, reliable prognostic signatures based on a combination of hypoxia and ferroptosis in BC have not been developed. Method We set The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer cohort as training set and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) BC cohort as the validation set. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and COX regression approaches were used to construct ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) prognostic signature (HFRS). The CIBERSORT algorithm and ESTIMATE score were used to explore the relationship between HFRS and tumor immune microenvironment. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect protein expression in tissue samples. A nomogram was developed to advance the clinical application of HFRS signature. Results Ten ferroptosis-related genes and hypoxia-related genes were screened to construct the HFRS prognostic signature in TCGA BC cohort, and the predictive capacity was verified in METABRIC BC cohort. BC patients with high-HFRS had shorter survival time, higher tumor stage, and a higher rate of positive lymph node. Moreover, high HFRS was associated with high hypoxia, ferroptosis, and immunosuppression status. A nomogram that was constructed with age, stage, and HFRS signature showed a strong prognostic capability to predict overall survival (OS) for BC patients. Conclusion We developed a novel prognostic model with hypoxia and ferroptosis-related genes to predict OS, and characterize the immune microenvironment of BC patients, which might provide new cures for clinical decision-making and individual treatment of BC patients.
ON EXISTENCE OF NONTRIVIAL SOLUTIONS OF NEUMANN BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS FOR QUASI-LINEAR ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

In the present paper, some new existence results of nontrivial solutions are obtained for the following Neumann boundary value problem involving the p-Laplacian \triangle_p (u) = f(x, u) in \Ome \frac{\partial u}{\partial n}=0, in \partial \Omega and conditions in recent literature for guaranteeing the existence of solutions with saddle point character are improved.
On the interaction of tropical‐cyclone‐scale vortices. III: Continuous barotropic vortices

The interaction of cyclonic vortices in spherical geometry is investigated using a shallow-water model on an adaptive grid. It is found that the mutual approach and merger of binary cyclones support the compound vortex-patch findings of Part II. As interaction commences, distortion of the weak outer vorticity fields leads to a change in the advecting flow over each vortex core, which leads to mutual approach or retreat depending on the shape of the vorticity fields. Raped merger occurs when the cyclone cores approach within the critical separation distance defined in Part II. The core merger of cyclones seems to the largely independent of environment and the rotation of the earth. The initial approach can be quite sensitive, however. Non-merging binary cyclones sweep equatorial parcels of air over long trajectories towards the pole to create exceptionally strong anticyclonic gyres. These can be of sufficient strength to capture the nearest cyclone and induce the escape mode described in Part I. Some sensitivity to latitude (and hence strength of the earth-vorticity gradient), therefore, is found. A large anticyclone in a subtropical ridge location is found to be sheared and torn apart by the interacting cyclones, with little effect on merger. The observations in Part I that interactions of three cyclones could be broken down into separate binary interaction sequences is supported by experiments with three vortices. When two of the vortices merge, the interaction evolves to a small/large cyclone situation. When no merger occurs, each pair of cyclones proceeds through a distinctive orbit/escape cycle.
Invariant measures for a stochastic nonlinear Schroedinger equation

We will prove the existence of an invariant measure for a nonlinear Schrodinger equation with random noise in R n . The existence of solutions of the Cauchy problem in H 1 - and L 2 -settings was established by de Bouard and Debussche [4, 5]. Here we discuss only the defocusing equation with a zero-order dissipation. The proof for the existence of an invariant measure is based on various energy estimates and the approximation scheme to construct solutions, which are also crucial for the existence of global solutions to the Cauchy problem.
Terminal Complement Activation Is Induced by Factors Released from Endplate Tissue of Disc Degeneration Patients and Stimulates Expression of Catabolic Enzymes in Annulus Fibrosus Cells

Terminal complement complex (TCC) deposition was identified in human degenerated discs. To clarify the role of terminal complement activation in disc degeneration (DD), we investigated respective activating mechanisms and cellular effects in annulus fibrosus (AF) cells. Isolated cells from human AF, nucleus pulposus (NP), and endplate (EP) were stimulated with human serum alone or with zymosan and treated with either the C3 inhibitor Cp40 or the C5 antibody eculizumab. Complement activation was determined via anaphylatoxin generation and TCC deposition detection. Thereby, induced catabolic effects were evaluated in cultured AF cells. Moreover, C5 cleavage under degenerative conditions in the presence of AF cells was assessed. Zymosan-induced anaphylatoxin generation and TCC deposition was significantly suppressed by both complement inhibitors. Zymosan induced gene expression of ADAMTS4, MMP1, and COX2. Whereas the C3 blockade attenuated the expression of ADAMTS4, the C5 blockade reduced the expression of ADAMTS4, MMP1, and COX2. Direct C5 cleavage was significantly enhanced by EP conditioned medium from DD patients and CTSD. These results indicate that terminal complement activation might be functionally involved in the progression of DD. Moreover, we found evidence that soluble factors secreted by degenerated EP tissue can mediate direct C5 cleavage, thereby contributing to complement activation in degenerated discs.
Stability Analysis of a Feedback Model for the Action of the Immune System in Leukemia

A mathematical model, coupling the dynamics of short-term stem-like cells and mature leukocytes in leukemia with that of the immune system, is investigated. The model is described by a system of seven delay differential equations with seven delays. Three equilibrium points E 0 , E 1 , E 2 are highlighted. The stability and the existence of the Hopf bifurcation for the equilibrium points are investigated. In the analysis of the model, the rate of asymmetric division and the rate of symmetric division are very important.
Stray grain formation in single crystal Ni-base superalloy welds

The effects of processing conditions and crystallographic orientation of growing dendrites on stray grain formation have been investigated in welds of single crystal Ni-base superalloys. The degree of constitutional supercooling (CS) at the solidification front has been used as a metric to quantify the effects. Numerical calculation results showed an appreciable effect of dendrite orientation on CS. For experimental verification, welds were made on a single crystal but in an asymmetric crystallographic orientation under three different processing conditions. Stray grain formation was observed to increase and become extensive on one side of the weld as power and welding speed increased. This result is in agreement with the calculated predictions and confirms that the degree of CS is a good metric.
Application of Acupuncture for Shoulder Pain Over the Past 22 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis

Purpose Acupuncture is widely used to relieve shoulder pain. A survey was conducted in order to recognize hotspots and frontiers of acupuncture for shoulder pain from the year 2000–2022. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection was used to collect literature related to acupuncture therapy for shoulder pain, which spanned January 2000 to August 2022. The number of publications yearly, countries/institutions, journals, and keywords was analyzed and visualized in shoulder pain with acupuncture therapy by CiteSpace v.5. 7.R5. Results We totally analyzed 214 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The overall trend of publication volume continues to increase. The most productive authors in the field were César Fernández las Peñas and José L Arias-Buría, and the most influential author was Green S. Kyung Hee University and the People’s Republic of China had the highest volume of publications, respectively. The most influential journal is Pain with high citation and impact factor. The hot keywords were “acupuncture”, “shoulder pain”, “dry needling”, “randomized trial”, and “injection”. The research frontier in acupuncture for treating chronic shoulder pain was mainly “mechanism”. Conclusion Over the last 22 years, the findings of this bibliometric analysis have provided research trends and frontiers in clinical research on acupuncture therapy for patients with shoulder pain, which identifying hot topics and exploring new directions for the future may be helpful to researchers. Studying mechanisms underlying acupuncture therapy for shoulder pain remains a focus of future research.
Assessment of advanced RANS models against large eddy simulation and experimental data in the investigation of ribbed passages with passive heat transfer

ABSTRACT Rough surfaces are widely used to enhance convective heat transfer by the promotion of higher turbulence levels. The present article reports simulations of the flow and heat transfer in a 2-D rib-roughened passage using a number of advanced Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence models including eddy-viscosity models (EVM) and a Reynolds stress model (RSM). Large eddy simulation (LES) is also conducted and results are compared against experimental measurements. In addition, the effects of rib thermal boundary condition on heat transfer are also investigated. In the present work, the blockage ratio of the transversely mounted rectangular ribs is 10% and the rib pitch-to-height ratio of 9 is selected. The Reynolds number, based on the channel bulk velocity and hydraulic diameter, is 30,000. The RANS-based turbulence models investigated here are the k-ω-SST, the v2-f, the ϕ-f, and the elliptic blending RSM. All computations are undertaken using the commercial and industrial CFD codes STAR-CD and Code_Saturne, respectively. Of all the models, the LES predictions were found to be in the best agreement with the experimental data, while the k-ω-SST and EB-RSM returned the least accurate results.
Tuning Traditional Language Processing Approaches for Pashto Text Classification

Nowadays, text classification for different purposes becomes a basic task for concerned people. Hence, much research has been done to develop automatic text classification for the majority of national and international languages. However, the need for an automated text classification system for local languages is felt. The main purpose of this study is to establish a novel automatic classification system of Pashto text. In order to follow this up, we established a collection of Pashto documents and constructed the dataset. In addition, this study includes several models containing statistical techniques and neural network neural machine learning including DistilBERT-base-multilingual-cased, Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machine, K Nearest Neighbor, decision tree, Gaussian naïve Bayes, multinomial naïve Bayes, random forest, and logistic regression to discover the most effective approach. Moreover, this investigation evaluates two different feature extraction methods including bag of words, and Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency. Subsequently, this research obtained an average testing accuracy rate of 94% using the MLP classification algorithm and TFIDF feature extraction method in single label multi-class classification. Similarly, MLP+TFIDF with F1-measure of 0.81 showed the best result. Experiments on the use of pre-trained language representation models (such as DistilBERT) for classifying Pashto texts show that we need a specific tokenizer for a particular language to obtain reasonable results.
Cosine error correction of spectral UV-irradiances

Ideally measurements of spectral ultraviolet irradiances require a perfect adaption of the entrance optics to the cosine of the incidence angle. Other requirements of the entrance optics are: No ageing, high throughput at all wavelengths, weatherproofness, and no fluorescence of their material. In practice, however, available entrance optics differ by more than 10% from the ideal cosine response for incident angles greater than 60 degree(s). Without a correction this introduces a great uncertainty in the absolute measurement of irradiances, especially when the sun is low. A measurement of the angular dependence of the entrance optics and a knowledge of the ratio of the direct to the diffuse component of the global irradiance can be used to correct this cosine error. The correction is dependent on wavelength and sun elevation. For our cosine diffuser the corrections vary between 3% and 18%. The accuracy of the corrections is limited by the accuracy of the measurement of the angular dependence of the cosine diffuser, by the knowledge of the ratio of the direct to the diffuse radiation and by the knowledge of the angular dependence of the radiance of the diffuse component. We assume that our method reduces the overall cosine uncertainty from about +/- 10% to about +/- 3%.
Limitations to a Geostationary Infrared Sounder due to Diffraction: The Meteosat Third Generation Infrared Sounder (MTG IRS)

Abstract Geostationary infrared sounding missions offer good temporal coverage; however, because of the large distance to the observed earth targets, the effect of diffraction is increased compared to sounding from a low earth orbit (LEO). Because of the wavelength dependence of diffraction, the spectral channels do not sample the same volume of air, as is generally assumed by retrieval algorithms for LEO infrared (IR) sounder data. This additional error introduced in the retrieval by diffraction-limited instruments is called pseudonoise throughout the paper. One such diffraction-limited geostationary system is the candidate Infrared Sounder (IRS) mission on the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) satellites with a planned need date in 2015, due to the expected lifetime of the current Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellites. A simplified point spread function (PSF) is applied. To represent the channels within natural condit.
Representing Equivalence Problems for Combinatorial Objects

Methods for representing equivalence problems of various combinatorial objectsas graphs or binary matrices are considered. Such representations can be used for isomorphism testing in classification or generation algorithms. Often it is easier to consider a graph or a binary matrix isomorphism problem than to implement heavy algorithms depending especially on particular combinatorialobjects. Moreover, there already exist well tested algorithms for the graph isomorphismproblem (nauty) and the binary matrix isomorphism problem as well (Q-Extension). ACM Computing Classification System (1998): F.2. 1, G.4.
Modelling Phase Shifts Among Stochastic Cycles

Stochastic cycles are often incorporated in structural time series models to identify the cyclical components in macroeconomic time series. This paper proposes an extension of the multivariate stochastic cycle to account for phase shifts between individual cyclical components. The properties of the stochastic cycle allow phase shifts to be modelled in an entirely symmetrical way. As a result, cross correlations between cyclical components can be expressed in terms of phase shifts and phase-adjusted associations. An application demonstrates the role of phase shifts in the business cycle relationships among output, total hours worked and the real wage in the United States. Copyright Royal Economic Socciety 2004
Hydrodynamic Feedbacks of Salt‐Marsh Loss in the Shallow Microtidal Back‐Barrier Lagoon of Venice (Italy)

Extensive loss of salt marshes in back‐barrier tidal embayments is ongoing worldwide as a consequence of land‐use changes, wave‐driven lateral marsh erosion, and relative sea‐level rise compounded by mineral sediment starvation. However, how salt‐marsh loss affects the hydrodynamics of back‐barrier systems and feeds back into their morphodynamic evolution is still poorly understood. Here we use a depth‐averaged numerical hydrodynamic model to investigate the feedback between salt‐marsh erosion and hydrodynamic changes in the Venice Lagoon, a large microtidal back‐barrier system in northeastern Italy. Numerical simulations are carried out for past morphological configurations of the lagoon dating back up to 1887, as well as for hypothetical scenarios involving additional marsh erosion relative to the present‐day conditions. The progressive loss of salt marshes significantly impacted the lagoon hydrodynamics, both directly and indirectly, by amplifying high‐tide water levels, reducing wind‐wave energy dissipation, and critically affecting tidal asymmetries across the lagoon. Restoration projects and manmade protection of marsh margins, which have been implemented over the past few decades, limited the detrimental effects of marsh loss on the lagoon hydrodynamics, while not substantially changing the risk of flooding in urban lagoon settlements. Compared to previous studies, our analyses suggest that the hydrodynamic response of back‐barrier systems to salt‐marsh erosion is extremely site‐specific, depending closely on the morphological characteristics of the embayment as well as on the external tidal and wind forcings.
Falling Standards of Sexuality: Exploring the Associations between Sexting, Parental involvement and Sexual Risk Behaviour of Young Persons

Global studies on sexuality and sexual orientations have shown that young persons’ attitudes and orientations towards sexuality differ from their parents’ largely due to generational shifts. For instance, the acceptance of same sex relations and premarital sex have risen significantly since the 1970s to the present; research reports this increase to be about 29% and 24% for premarital sex and same sex marriage respectively. While these changes may be attributable to generational shifts on the one hand, it is also possible that Parental Involvement (PI) may have explanations for the shifting standards of sexuality in the present generation. In this study, we explored how PI may be moderating the relationship between a relatively harmless sexual behaviour (sexting) and its consequent progression into Sexual Risk Behaviour (SRB) in adolescents. Participants were 330 (50% females, Mage= 16, SD=.92) undergraduate students who responded to measures on the three variables as well as some demographics. PI was conceptualised to include parental discipline, parental monitoring, parental school participation and home discussion. Results showed significant associations between PI, sexting and SRB as well as interactions between sexting and PI in predicting SRB. Discussions explored the current findings viz a viz suggestions and recommendations for intervention and further studies.
Factorization With Temporal Dependencies for Speech Denoising

We present a technique for denoising speech using temporally regularized nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). In previous work [1], we used a regularized NMF update to impose structure within each audio frame. In this paper, we add frame-to-frame regularization across time and show that this additional regularization can also improve our speech denoising results. We evaluate our algorithm on a range of nonstationary noise types and outperform a state-of-the-art Wiener filter implementation. Interspeech