Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forgiveness and Alcohol Use: Applying a Specific Spiritual Principle to Substance Abuse Problems

ObjectivesTo show forgiveness to be a central component in substance abuse and recovery and to encourage the empirical investigation of such realtionships. MethodsLiterature reviewed and synthesized to support the role of forgiveness in addiction and recovery and to justify its empirical investigation. ResultsThe construct and process of forgiveness are present in 12-Step Facilitation Therapy, Motivational Enhancement Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Coping Skills Therapy, and other psychotherapies applicable to the treatment of substance abuse. Nevertheless, few studies exist to provide empirical support for these relationships. ConclusionsReligion and spirituality can have a salutary effect on substance use disorders. However, little is known regarding the effects of specific manifestations of religiosity and spirituality. Forgiveness, decreasing negative responses to offense irrespective of interaction with the offender, has been argued to be highly relevant to problematic substance use. Although the process of forgiveness is conceptually found in empirically validated forms of treatment for alcohol problems, little quantitative evidence exists to verify and illuminate the relationships between forgiveness and substance abuse. Empirical investigation into the basic, indirect, contextual, and interventional relationships between forgiveness and substance use disorders, including development, maintenance, and recovery, is warranted and encouraged.
A modified semi-quantitative (mSQ) grading scheme for osteoporotic vertebral fracture in elderly women.

While osteoporotic vertebral fracture (oVF) is very common and has important clinical relevance, until recently there has been limited evidences to validate published criterium by which to make an accurate diagnosis of an oVF based on radiographs (1). Purely morphometric approach without qualitative, i.e., radiological, assessment of vertebral morphology can lead to both ‘over-call’ and ‘under-call’ of oVFs (1). In the early 90’s, Genant and colleagues at University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) proposed the semi-quantitative (SQ) grading scheme to evaluate osteoporotic vertebral deformity (oVD) (2).
Better statistical forecast accuracy does not always lead to better inventory control efficiency: the case of lumpy demand

Neural network (NN) modeling has been applied to forecasting of lumpy demand (Gutierrez, Solis, and Mukhopadhyay 2008; Mukhopadhyay, Solis, and Gutierrez 2012) and empirically compared with a number of well-referenced methods traditionally applied in studies on lumpy demand forecasting – simple moving average, weighted moving average with optimal weights, simple exponential smoothing, Croston’s method, and the Syntetos-Boylan approximation. The overall superiority of NN over the other methods, in terms of forecast accuracy based on a number of scale-free error statistics, was demonstrated. However, demand forecasting performance with respect to standard accuracy measures may not translate into inventory systems efficiency. Applying a (T,S) inventory system, we consider fill rate (FR) as service criterion. We conduct simulation searches to find orderup-to levels required to meet a target FR of 0.90 or 0.95. We find that significantly higher levels of on-hand inventory are required when using the more statistically accurate NN forecasts.
A New Species of Amolops (Anura: Ranidae) from Southwest China

Abstract A new species of Amolops is described from a mountainous area of southern Yunnan Province, China. The species is unique in having a dark purple dorsum with small light yellow spots. The spots are smaller than the smallest finger disk. Other characters that distinguish this species from other species of Amolops include smooth skin (lacking tubercles) over the entire body and lack of dorsolateral folds, transverse bars on the legs, and a visible pineal body.
Low-dose CT count-domain denoising via convolutional neural network with filter loss

Reducing the radiation dose of computed tomography (CT) and thereby decreasing the potential risk suffered by the patients is desirable in CT imaging. However, lower dose often results in additional noise and artifacts in reconstructed images that may negatively affect the clinical diagnoses. Recently, many image-domain denoising approaches based on deep learning have been proposed and obtained promising results. However, since reconstructed CT image values are not directly related to noise level, estimating noise level from CT images is not an easy task. In this work, we propose a count-domain denoising approach using a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a filter loss function. Compared with image-domain denoising methods, the proposed count-domain method can easily estimate the noise level in projections based on the measurement in each detector bin. Moreover, because each projection is ramp-filtered before being backprojected to the image-domain, we propose a filter loss function where the training loss is computed using the ramp filtered projection, rather than the original projection. Since the filter loss is closely related to the differences in the image-domain, it further improves the quality of reconstructed CT images.
Perioperative management of adult cadaveric and live donor renal transplantation in the UK: a survey of national practice

Abstract Background There is a limited evidence base and no national consensus regarding the perioperative management of patients undergoing renal transplantation. We developed an electronic survey to capture an overview of renal transplant perioperative practice across UK renal transplant centres and determine the need for future guidelines on patient management. Methods A 29-question survey was developed to encompass the entire renal transplant perioperative pathway and input was sought from clinicians with expertise in renal transplant surgery, anaesthesia, nephrology and intensive care. The survey was sent to lead renal anaesthetists at each of the 23 transplant centres across the UK. Results A 96% response rate was achieved with 22 out of 23 centres returning complete responses. There was limited evidence of guideline-based approaches to preoperative workup. Questions regarding intraoperative fluid management, blood pressure targets, vasopressor administration and central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring identified a broad range of practice. Of note, the routine use of goal-directed fluid therapy based on cardiac output estimation was reported in six (27.3%) centres, while nine centres (40.9%) continue to target a specific CVP intraoperatively. In all, 12 (54.5%) centres perform transversus abdominis plane blocks with fentanyl-based patient-controlled analgesia as the most common mode of postoperative analgesia. A single centre reported a renal transplant-specific Enhanced Recovery after Surgery programme for cadaveric organ recipients. Conclusions This questionnaire highlighted a high degree of heterogeneity in current UK practice as regards the perioperative management of renal transplant recipients. Development of evidence-based national consensus guidelines to standardize the perioperative care of these patients is recommended in order to improve patient outcomes and focus areas of future research.
Asynchronous Online Learning in Multi-Agent Systems With Proximity Constraints

We consider the problem of distributed learning from sequential data via online convex optimization. A multi-agent system is considered where each agent has a private objective but is willing to cooperate in order to minimize the network cost, which is the sum of local cost functions. Different from the classical distributed settings, where the agents coordinate through the use of consensus constraints, we allow the neighboring agent actions to be related via a non-linear proximity function. A decentralized saddle point algorithm is proposed that is capable of handling gradient delays arising from computational issues. The proposed online asynchronous algorithm is analyzed under adversarial settings by developing bounds on the regret of ${\mathcal O}(\sqrt{T})$, which measures the cumulative loss incurred by the online algorithm against a clairvoyant, and network discrepancy of ${\mathcal O}(T^{3/4})$, which measures the cumulative constraint violation or agent disagreement. By allowing the agents to utilize stale gradient information, the proposed algorithm embraces the nuances of distributed learning and serves to be the first distributed online algorithm that can handle adversarial delays. A modified saddle point algorithm is also proposed that explicitly forces the agents to agree as per the constraint function resulting in zero network discrepancy while incurring a slightly higher regret. To showcase the efficacy of the proposed asynchronous algorithm, a spatially correlated random field estimation problem is formulated and solved. Additionally, an application of vision-based target localization with moving cameras demonstrates the benefits of this approach in practice.
A randomized clinical trial comparing non-thrust manipulation with segmental and distal dry needling on pain, disability, and rate of recovery for patients with non-specific low back pain

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the within and between-group effects of segmental and distal dry needling (DN) without needle manipulation to a semi-standardized non-thrust manipulation (NTM) targeting the symptomatic spinal level for patients with non-specific low back pain (NSLBP). Methods: Sixty-five patients with NSLBP were randomized to receive either DN (n = 30) or NTM (n = 35) for six sessions over 3 weeks. Outcomes collected included the oswestry disability index (ODI), patient specific functional scale (PSFS), numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), and pain pressure thresholds (PPT). At discharge, patients perceived recovery was assessed. Results: A two-way mixed model ANOVA demonstrated that there was no group*time interaction for PSFS (p = 0.26), ODI (p = 0.57), NPRS (p = 0.69), and PPT (p = 0.51). There was significant within group effects for PSFS (3.1 [2.4, 3.8], p = 0.018), ODI (14.5% [10.0%, 19.0%], p = 0.015), NPRS (2.2 [1.5, 2.8], p = 0.009), but not for PPT (3.3 [0.5, 6.0], p = 0.20). Discussion: The between-group effects were neither clinically nor statistically significant. The within group effects were both significant and exceeded the reported minimum clinically important differences for the outcomes tools except the PPT. DN and NTM produced comparable outcomes in this sample of patients with NSLBP. Level of evidence: 1b
Relative independence of organic carbon transport and processing in a large temperate river: The Hudson River as both pipe and reactor

Bacterial respiration (BR) of organic matter is an important flux in the carbon budgets of large rivers, yet the regulation of BR and the relationship of this respiration to various organic matter sources is poorly understood. Using detailed spatial transects, we evaluated transport and consumption of dissolved organic matter in the Hudson River estuary, and compared both with BR. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, long‐term DOC lability, and in situ BR were measured at 24 stations on each of five transects. DOC lability, measured in long‐term bioassays, averaged 15 µg L−1 d−1 and was similar to the average net rate of decline of DOC from the upper to lower estuary. BR averaged 156 µg L−1 d−1 C, far exceeding the net downriver DOC decline and measured DOC lability. BR was well predicted by a model that included seston, chlorophyll, and DOC consumption. Rate coefficients derived from this model indicate that BR is primarily supported by carbon derived from seston and chlorophyll. Changes in DOC concentration along the Hudson flow path were well predicted from a combination of freshwater input, DOC concentration in the headwaters, and long‐term DOC lability. Although most of the total respiration is due to free‐living bacteria and thus mediated by DOC, <20% of this respiration is actually supported by DOC loaded in the headwaters, and transported downstream. The Hudson River, therefore, acts as a pipe transporting dissolved terrestrial organic matter seaward while also functioning as a reactor where intense bacterial activity degrades organic matter associated primarily with particles or generated locally.
Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Extranodal Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma

Abstract Extranodal follicular dendritic cell sarcomas (FDCSs) are an uncommon entity, commonly misdiagnosed because of the morphologic similarities with other neoplasias. Previously, FDCSs were not considered a differential diagnosis because of the limited use of immunohistochemistry. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for localized FDCS. The role of chemotherapy has not been determined for this rare disease. We report 2 cases of metastatic extranodal intra-abdominal FDCS, initially misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor, their clinicopathological features, literature review, and the role of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Associations between the home yard and preschoolers' outdoor play and physical activity.

Objectives and importance of study: Young children's outdoor play mostly occurs within the home-yard space, yet the influence of the home yard on preschoolers' outdoor play and physical activity is poorly understood. We investigated the relationships between home-yard features and home-based outdoor play and physical activity in preschoolers (2-5 years old). STUDY TYPE Cross-sectional observational study. METHODS The PLAY Spaces and Environments for Children's Physical Activity (PLAYCE) study (2015-2017) included 1596 children aged 2-5 years attending early childhood education and care (ECEC) services throughout metropolitan Perth, Western Australia. In this study, a subsample of 224 parents from the PLAYCE study completed an online questionnaire about home-yard features (yard size, lawn quality, natural features, fixed and portable play equipment, and flowers and vegetables/herbs). Accelerometers measured the duration of preschoolers' moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on non-ECEC days. Parent-reported outdoor play at home, sociodemographic factors and social environment factors were collected via the PLAYCE parent survey. Multiple linear regression models were used to determine associations between home-yard features and preschoolers' outdoor play and physical activity. RESULTS Children spent 68.9 (SD 2.2) minutes playing outdoors in the home yard per day, and 93.3 (SD 37.1) minutes in MVPA per day on non-ECEC days. After adjusting for child and parent factors, home-yard features positively associated with outdoor play included yard size, lawn quality, number of types of fixed and portable play equipment, natural features and play areas (all p ≤ 0.05). When all significant home-yard features were placed in a model, only the number of types of fixed play equipment was positively associated with minutes of outdoor play per day (β = 5.3, p < 0.001). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, the number of types of portable play equipment in the yard was positively associated with MVPA minutes per day (β = 2.16, p = 0.019); however, this became nonsignificant after further adjusting for social environment factors. CONCLUSIONS Features of the home-yard physical environment were positively associated with preschoolers' outdoor play and physical activity. Each additional type of fixed play equipment present was associated with an additional 5 minutes of outdoor play per day. These findings suggest that the home-yard space has the potential to facilitate increased outdoor play in young children. Further research is warranted to explore causal relationships between home-yard attributes and young children's outdoor play and physical activity.
A cosegregation analysis of zinc (Zn) accumulation and Zn tolerance in the Zn hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens.

• To analyse the relation between zinc (Zn) accumulation and Zn tolerance in the Zn hyperaccumulator, Thlaspi caerulescens, a cross was made between a plant from a nonmetallicolous population (LE: high accumulation, low tolerance) and one from a calamine population (LC: low accumulation, high tolerance). • More or less homogeneous F3 lines with contrasting extreme accumulation phenotypes were selected and phenotyped for tolerance, using the threshold exposure level for chlorosis as a tolerance measure. Zn accumulation and tolerance segregated largely independently, although there was a significant degree of association between low accumulation and high tolerance. • Plants from an F2 family were phenotyped for Zn tolerance and their Zn accumulation rates were compared. The plants with low Zn tolerance exhibited significantly higher Zn accumulation than did the more tolerant plants. • The results suggest that the superior Zn tolerance in LC plants compared with LE plants results from a superior plant-internal Zn sequestration capacity and, although to a lower degree, a reduced rate of Zn accumulation. It is argued that the relatively low Zn accumulation capacity levels found in LC and several other calamine T. caerulescens populations might represent an adaptive response to Zn-toxic soil.
The Construction of Galilee as a Place for the Historical Jesus—Part I

How have scholars understood and constructed Galilee as a place for the historical Jesus? This study traces the development of the image of Galilee from the early nineteenth century until the Third Quest. The picture of Galilee in the nineteenth century was influenced by the major cultural ideas of Europe at the time: colonialism, and the emergence of nationality, ethnicity, and race as categories of identity. Central figures in this period were F. Schleiermacher, D. F. Strauss and E. Renan. Drawing on nineteenth century studies of ethnicity and race in Nazi Germany in the first part of the twentieth century, some scholars portrayed Galilee as a non-Jewish region and the home of a non-Jewish Jesus. This question of race was discredited after World War II, and in the Second Quest there was little interest in Galilee. Jesus was seen over against Judaism merely as a religious system.
Health Care Professionals’ Awareness of a Child’s Impending Death

Health care professionals’ (HCPs) experiences during early pediatric end-of-life care were explored using a theory-building case study approach. Multiple data collection methods including observation, electronic medical record review, and semi-structured interviews were collected with 15 interdisciplinary HCPs across four cases. Within- and across-case analyses resulted in an emerging theory. HCPs’ initial awareness of a child’s impending death is fluid, ongoing, and informed through both relational and internal dimensions. Initial cognitive awareness is followed by a deeper focus on the child through time-oriented attention to the past, present, and future. HCPs engage in a “delicate dance of figuring out” key issues. Awareness was exemplified through four themes: professional responsibility, staying connected, grounded uncertainty, and holding in. The emerging theoretical model provides a framework for HCPs to assess their ongoing awareness, identify personal assumptions, and inform gaps in understanding when facilitating early end-of-life care discussions with families.
Phylogeny recapitulates geography, or why New Zealand has so many species of skinks

Abstract The evolutionary history of 25 New Zealand scincid lizards in the endemic genera Oligosoma and Cyclodina was examined using 12S rRNA sequence data. Phylogenetic resolution was poor, despite there being up to 9% sequence divergence between taxa. Lack of resolution was not attributable to biases in the data, such as site saturation or differences in sites free to vary, so we infer that New Zealand skinks underwent two relatively rapid phases of divergence. The rate of substitution for the skink sequences appears to be similar to some bird and mammal groups for which times of divergence have been estimated. Using these calibrations diversification of Oligosoma skinks probably began at least 23 million years ago (Mya). The pattern of relationships and the timing of this diversification are interpreted as resulting from rapid allopatric speciation during the Oligocene (25–35 Mya) when New Zealand was fragmented into many low lying islands. A second major phase of speciation involving the Cyclodina seems to have occurred during the Miocene (15–24 Mya), probably as a consequence of increasing land area and habitat diversity. This pattern of skink evolution contrasts with the Oligocene «environmental crisis» hypothesis of Cooper & Cooper ( Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 261 , 293–302), but can be attributed to differences in the ecology of different taxa. This can be tested by examination of other groups, such as land snails and geckos. The large number of lizard species in New Zealand can be considered a legacy both of past geography as well as the absence of small mammals which would have been both competitors and predators.
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastric ulcer perforation admitted in a tertiary care centre

Background: Gastric ulcers are one of the most prevalent gastro intestinal diseases. Perforation of gastric ulcer is most common and dreaded complication of a gastric ulcer. Causes of gastric ulcer include Helicobacter Pylori, the NSAID, smoking and alcohol. Helicobacter Pylori infection is a curable cause of gastric ulcer. As prevalence of H. pylori differ in populations, prevalence of H. pylori in our population need to be assessed for determining treatment strategy for gastric ulcer.Methods: Cross sectional study conducted in patients operated for perforation peritonitis and diagnosed to have gastric ulcer perforation in a tertiary care centre. Full thickness biopsy was taken from gastric ulcer perforation edge during the surgery for perforation peritonitis. The biopsy was stained with Giemsa stain and looked for the presence of H. pylori.Results: Helicobacter pylori prevalence was 48.8% in our study. 8 females (out of 16) and 51 males (out of 105) had H. pylori positivity. 43 had history of smoking. Among them 20 were diagnosed to be having H. pylori positive. 26 persons had history of pan chewing. Among pan chewers 17 were H. pylori positive. Among 50 patients with history of alcoholism, 24 got H. pylori positivity. Among 40 patients with history of NSAIDs, 14 were positive for H. pylori.Conclusions: Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in gastric ulcer perforation in present study is 48.8%. Helicobacter Pylori eradication should be added in treatment protocols for perforated gastric ulcers.