Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of hibiscus tiliaceus l. leaves from different extraction methods against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

The leaves of sea hibiscus ( Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) are known to have good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, which is associated with the saponin, flavonoid, polyphenol, and tannin contents. Chemical compounds in plant extracts are, however, influenced by the extraction method used. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extracts of Hibiscus tiliaceus L. leaves obtained using four different extraction methods against E. coli and S. aureus. In the maceration, percolation, reflux, or Soxhlet method, 200 g of the crude drug (i.e., dried sea hibiscus leaf powder) was extracted with 96% ethanol, and the derived extract was tested at 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% concentrations. The disk diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activity by observing and statistically analyzing the diameter of the zones of inhibition. Results showed that all the ethanol extracts have antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus , with the maceration-produced extract forming significantly different zones of inhibition from the other methods (percolation, reflux, and the Soxhlet) at all
Effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation on balance, dizziness, functioning, and depressive symptoms in older adults

ABSTRACT Purpose To assess the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation on functioning, gains in semicircular canals in the Video Head Impulse Test (v-HIT), on responses to the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP), depressive symptoms, balance, and dizziness in older adults. Methods Longitudinal, quasi-experimental, analytical study conducted between December 2019 and July 2022, in 50 older adults with vestibular disorders, submitted to vestibular rehabilitation and examinations: VEMP, v-HIT, the questionnaires, visual analog scale, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Berg Balance Scale, Pfeffer’s Functional Activities Questionnaire, and Geriatric Depression Scale. All examinations and questionnaires were applied before and after eight weekly vestibular rehabilitation sessions. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS, with the Wilcoxon test (p<0.05). Results There was a gain in the anterior right semicircular canal (0.71/0.78), reduction in dizziness discomfort (7/5) and in the impact of dizziness on the quality of life (35/15), improvement in balance (45/51) and functioning (2/1), and reduction in depressive symptoms (5/3). Conclusion Older adults with vestibular disorder submitted to vestibular rehabilitation improved their gain in vestibulo-ocular reflex, balance, and functional activities and reduced their depressive symptoms and the impact of dizziness on their quality of life.
The Steinhaus-Weil property: its converse, Solecki amenability and subcontinuity

The Steinhaus-Weil theorem that concerns us here is the `interior points' property -- that in a topological group a non-negligible set S has the identity as an interior point of $SS^{-1}$. There are various converses; the one that mainly concerns us is due to Simmons and Mospan. Here the group is locally compact, so we have a Haar measure. The Simmons-Mospan theorem states that a (regular Borel) measure has such a Steinhaus-Weil property if and only if it is absolutely continuous with respect to the Haar measure. In Part I (Propositions 1-9, Theorems 1-3) we develop a number of relatives of the Simmons-Mospan theorem, drawing also on Solecki's amenability at 1 (and using Fuller's notion of subcontinuity). In Part II (Theorems 4, 5) we link this with topologies of Weil type.
The New Way Improve Mathematical Literacy in Elementary School: Ethnomathematics Module with Realistic Mathematics Education

Mathematical literacy is the basis for students to fully understand learning in the 21st-century era. The low mathematical literacy ability of students in elementary schools reduces the quality of education and participation of students in everyday life. Therefore, there is a need to develop learning modules to increase student literacy. Using an ethnomathematics-based teaching module with the RME approach is one solution. The goal of this development research is to create teaching modules that can improve the mathematical literacy of fifth-grade s elementary school students. The research subjects were students and teachers of fifth-grade elementary schools in Petanahan District. Observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and tests are used as data collection methods. Both qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis were used to process the data. The results showed that the validation was rated as very good category by linguists 93.8%, material 94%, and design experts 92%. According to students responses, the practicality level falls within the 87.65% very good category. The effectiveness of the teaching module on mathematical literacy can be seen from the significance level 0.000 0.05, teaching module has a positive effect on improving mathematical literacy of fifth-grade students in elementary school. So, the ethnomathematics-based teaching module with a realistic mathematics education approach to improve mathematical literacy is valid, practical, and effective. Research and development of this ethnomathematics-based teaching module has been proven effective only in Petanahan District, it needs to be tested for effectiveness in a wider population so that it can be used more widely. Other researchers can develop similar teaching modules by taking ethnomathematics in other areas.
Causal Theories of Time and the Conventionality of Simultaneity

The second assertion constitutes a version of the "causal theory of time". So far as I know, criticism of Griinbaum's argument has always focused on (2). Michael Friedman ([1]), for example, sees no reason why we must adopt a causal theory of time or, for that matter, any other reductionist analysis of temporal relations. Even if (1) is true, he argues, it does not follow that there is no fact to the matter whether two events are simultaneous relative to a particular inertial observer. I am entirely sympathetic with Friedman's scepticism concerning (2). But even while avoiding debate over conventionalism and causal theories of time, one has grounds for rejecting Griinbaum's argument. On what seems to me a natural reading, assertion (1) is false. In a straight forward sense, the relative simultaneity relation of special relativity is uniquely definable from the causal connectibility relation. It is rather ironic. To the extent that one is committed to the "if" clause of (2) one
Competing for Dark Trades

We use recent European restrictions to evaluate how traders substitute across available dark pools. Our findings suggest that restricting dark trading at the most prominent platform has a detrimental effect on dark trading activity. Annual dark trading in a restricted stock decreases by more than 50% over the six-month restriction period. Consistent with investors’ sticky relationships with specific dark pools, our results suggest that substitution across dark pools is remarkably low. Despite the availability of alternative dark pools, traders are unwilling to trade elsewhere. Our study provides evidence that dark trading is not a market of exchanges, but rather a collection of independent silos. This fact has implications for the vulnerability of dark trading to the introduction of an HFT into the pool, and sharpens our understanding of how the pecking order theory of trading actually functions.
ERRATUM: “AMBIPOLAR DRIFT HEATING IN TURBULENT MOLECULAR CLOUDS” (2000, ApJ, 540, 332)

The published version of this paper contains two numerical errors: (1) the coefﬁcient used to convert the heating rate from numerical to physical units is too large, by a factor of 28.56; (2) the sound speed is assumed to be 0.25 km s − 1 , which is a factor of 1.35 larger than the more commonly assumed value of 0.18578 km s − 1 (the isothermal sound speed at 10 K of a gas with a mean particle mass of 4 . 0 × 10 − 24 g). The physical value of B is given by its numerical value multiplied by the factor (4 π (cid:3) ρ (cid:4) ) 1 / 2 c s , where c s is the sound speed. Due to the error in c s , the magnetic ﬁeld is overestimated by a factor of 1.35, wherever it is given in physical units. Because the conversion of the heating rate from numerical to physical units depends on B 4 , the total error in the heating rate amounts to an overestimate by a factor of 28 . 56 × 1 . 35 4 = 94 . 82. These numerical errors result in the following corrections to the published version of the paper.
Short-Term Probabilistic Load Forecasting in University Buildings by Means of Artificial Neural Networks

Understanding how, why and when energy consumption changes provides a tool for decision makers throughout the power networks. Thus, energy forecasting provides a great service. This research proposes a probabilistic approach to capture the five inherent dimensions of a forecast: three dimensions in space, time and probability. The forecasts are generated through different models based on artificial neural networks as a post-treatment of point forecasts based on shallow artificial neural networks, creating a dynamic ensemble. The singular value decomposition (SVD) technique is then used herein to generate temperature scenarios and project different futures for the probabilistic forecast. In additional to meteorological conditions, time and recency effects were considered as predictor variables. Buildings that are part of a university campus are used as a case study. Though this methodology was applied to energy demand forecasts in buildings alone, it can easily be extended to energy communities as well.
Passengers’ Perception of Satisfaction and Its Relationship with Travel Experience Attributes: Results from an Australian Survey

Rail, one of the most sustainable modes of transport, is vital in carrying mass passengers in many urban cities. Passengers’ satisfaction with railway services is mostly discussed in the context of service quality in the literature. However, limited studies have considered other attributes that may influence passengers’ satisfaction, such as their travel experience and issues encountered. This study aims to systematically model passengers’ satisfaction and its relationship with travel experience attributes. This paper makes a theoretical contribution by proposing a conceptual model that evaluates the overall satisfaction of passengers through four attribute groups, including traveller attributes, trip attributes, service attributes, and other attributes. The model is tested with the 429 valid responses collected from a passenger survey targeting Metro train users in Melbourne, Australia. Result shows that the best-fitted model is produced only when all attribute groups are considered together, for which 60% of the variation in overall satisfaction is accountable. It is found that all attribute groups have at least one variable included in the final model, and the service attribute group has the greatest influence. The best model has nine significant variables, with eight having positive associations to the overall satisfaction and one variable (GroupTravel) having a negative association. This finding suggests that consideration of other attributes is also important besides the service attributes, and hence advances our scientific understanding of train passengers’ satisfaction with train services. The public transport sector and the operators can use this knowledge to improve service and increase passenger satisfaction.
Impact of Metal Accumulation on Photosynthetic Pigments, Carbon Assimilation, and Oxidative Metabolism in Mangroves Affected by the Fundāo Dam Tailings Plume

The effects of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, and lead on the chlorophyll content, carbon assimilation, and the antiradical activity of Rhizophora mangle and Laguncularia racemosa were evaluated in regions affected by the Fundão dam disruption in Brazil. The mine waste which settled and accumulated in the sediments could represent long-term contamination. It can be expected that the iron oxyhydroxides deposited in the sediments will be solubilized, leading to chronic contamination by trace metals and the accumulation of these metals in the biota. In this sense, biological indicators prove to be important tools to assess this type of damage. The different bioaccumulation of metals by the species revealed that R. mangle was more impacted by Mn and Cu and that L. racemosa showed alterations in its physiological responses in the presence of Cu, Zn, and Fe. The concentration of these metals in the leaves, with values above previous local reference limits, was associated with reductions in the chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b content and carbon assimilation, mainly in L. racemosa. The antiradical activity was also altered, suggesting a lower ability of both species to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS). A possible reason for the symptoms of oxidative stress may be due to the reduced efficiency of antioxidant defense by Cu2+ and Zn2+. In addition, the presence of Pb in the leaf tissue may be toxic to the fauna and the bioaccumulation of this metal and trace elements can be a way to transfer them into the food web by biomagnification.
Thermal Hall effect of magnons in magnets with dipolar interaction

Thermal Hall conductivity of magnons described by a noninteracting boson Hamiltonian is derived by the linear response theory. The thermal Hall conductivity is expressed by the Berry curvature in momentum space, which also has the prevailing form for bosonic systems. This theory covers various spin waves, such as spin waves in antiferromagnets and magnetostatic spin waves. As an example, we calculate the thermal Hall conductivity by the magnetostatic spin wave in yttrium iron garnet and reveal its dependence on a magnetic field and temperature.
Predictors of Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: The Effect of Concomitant Mitral Repair

Background Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) or functional MR intensity with or without repair increases the risk of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and if the contaminant is undertaken, it doubles the risk of the surgery. This study aimed to characterize patients with concomitant CABG and mitral valve repair (MVR) and assess the surgical and long-term outcomes. Methods We conducted a cohort study from 2014 to 2020 on 364 patients who underwent CABG. A total of 364 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups. Group I (n= 349) included patients with isolated CABG, and Group II included patients who underwent CABG with concomitant mitral valve repair (MVR) (n= 15). Results Regarding preoperative presentation, most patients were male: 289 (79.40%), hypertensive 306 (84.07%), diabetic 281 (77.20%), dyslipidemic 246 (67.58%), presenting with NYHA classes III-IV: 200 (54.95%), and upon angiography, found to have the three-vessel disease: 265 (73%). Regarding their age mean± SD and Log EuroSCORE median (Q1-Q3), they had a mean age of 60.94± 10.60 years and a median score of 1.87 (1.13-3.19). The most prevalent postoperative complications were low cardiac output 75 (20.66%), acute kidney injury (AKI) 63 (17.45%), respiratory complications 55 (15.32%), and atrial fibrillation (AF) 55 (15.15%). Regarding long-term outcomes, most patients reported class I NYHA 271 (83.13%) and an echocardiographic decrease in MR severity. Patients with a CABG + MVR were significantly younger (53.93± 15.02 vs. 61.24± 10.29 years; P= 0.009), had a lower ejection fraction (33.6 [25-50] vs. 50 [43-55] %; p= 0.032), and had a higher prevalence of LV dilation (32 [9.17%]). EuroSCORE was significantly higher in patients with mitral repair (3.59 [1.54-8.63] vs. 1.78 (1.13-3.11); P= 0.022). The mortality percentage was higher with MVR but did not attain statistical significance. Intraoperative CPB and ischemic durations were longer in the CABG + MVR group. Furthermore, neurological complications were higher in patients with mitral repair (4 (28.57%) vs. 30 (8.65%), P= 0.012). The study’s follow-up duration median was 24 (9-36) months. The composite endpoint occurred more frequently in older patients (HR: 1.05 [95% CI: 1.02-1.09]; 0.001), patients with low ejection fraction (HR: 0.96 [95% CI: 0.93-0.99]; P= 0.006) and in patients with preoperative myocardial infarction (MI) (HR: 2.3 [95%: 1.14- 4.68]; P= 0.021). Conclusion Most IMR patients benefited from CABG and CABG + MVR, as evident by NYHA class and echocardiographic follow-up. CABG + MVR had a higher Log EuroSCORE risk with increased intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and ischemic durations, which may have played a role in increasing the incidence of postoperative neurological complications. On follow-up, no differences were reported between the two groups. However, age, ejection fraction, and a history of preoperative MI were identified as factors affecting the composite endpoint.
Waist Circumference as a Risk Factor for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Older Adults in Guayaquil, Ecuador

Non-alcoholic liver steatosis is currently considered an epidemic. It involves a broad spectrum of liver diseases, in which older adults constitute a susceptible group. The aim of this study is to identify the role of waist circumference as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 99 older adults who regularly attended five gerontological centers in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador. The variables studied were age, gender, independent life, access to complete meals, waist circumference, and NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasound. Results: A significant relationship exists between waist circumference, body mass index, and fat mass percentage. However, only age and waist circumference were significant in the multivariate logistic regression model. Our results suggest that in the presence of waist circumference, body mass index loses its significance and age may be a protective factor due to adipose tissue loss and redistribution. Conclusion: Anthropometric measurements such as waist circumference can be used as complement indicators of NAFLD.
Classical General Equilibrium Theory

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Antiplatelet Aggregation Properties of Cirsilineol: A Novel Inhibitor of Blood Coagulation Factor Xa

A small natural substance called cirsilineol (CSL), which was discovered in the plant Artemisia vestita, is lethal to many cancer cells and has antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of the antithrombotic action of CSL. We demonstrated that CSL has antithrombotic efficacy comparable to rivaroxaban, a direct blood coagulation factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor employed as a positive control, in inhibiting the enzymatic activity of FXa and the platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and U46619, a thromboxane A2 analog. The expression of P-selectin, the phosphorylation of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate by U46619 or ADP, and the activation of PAC-1 in platelets were inhibited by CSL. Nitric oxide production was increased by CSL in ADP- or U46619-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), although excessive endothelin-1 secretion was suppressed. CSL demonstrated strong anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects in a mouse model of arterial and pulmonary thrombosis. Our findings suggest that CSL is a potential pharmacological candidate for a novel class of anti-FXa and antiplatelet medications.
Local maximum principle satisfying high‐order non‐oscillatory schemes

The main contribution of this work is to classify the solution region including data extrema for which high‐order non‐oscillatory approximation can be achieved. It is performed in the framework of local maximum principle (LMP) and non‐conservative formulation. The representative uniformly second‐order accurate schemes are converted in to their non‐conservative form using the ratio of consecutive gradients. Using the local maximum principle, these non‐conservative schemes are analyzed for their non‐linear LMP/total variation diminishing stability bounds which classify the solution region where high‐order accuracy can be achieved. Based on the bounds, second‐order accurate hybrid numerical schemes are constructed using a shock detector. The presented numerical results show that these hybrid schemes preserve high accuracy at non‐sonic extrema without exhibiting any induced local oscillations or clipping error. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two Arabidopsis Splicing Factors, U2AF65a and U2AF65b, Differentially Control Flowering Time by Modulating the Expression or Alternative Splicing of a Subset of FLC Upstream Regulators

We investigated the transcriptomic changes in the shoot apices during floral transition in Arabidopsis mutants of two closely related splicing factors: AtU2AF65a (atu2af65a) and AtU2AF65b (atu2af65b). The atu2af65a mutants exhibited delayed flowering, while the atu2af65b mutants showed accelerated flowering. The underlying gene regulatory mechanism of these phenotypes was unclear. We performed RNA-seq analysis using shoot apices instead of whole seedlings and found that the atu2af65a mutants had more differentially expressed genes than the atu2af65b mutants when they were compared to wild type. The only flowering time gene that was significantly up- or down-regulated by more than two-fold in the mutants were FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a major floral repressor. We also examined the expression and alternative splicing (AS) patterns of several FLC upstream regulators, such as COOLAIR, EDM2, FRIGIDA, and PP2A-b’ɤ, and found that those of COOLAIR, EDM2, and PP2A-b’ɤ were altered in the mutants. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AtU2AF65a and AtU2AF65b genes partially influenced FLC expression by analyzing these mutants in the flc-3 mutant background. Our findings indicate that AtU2AF65a and AtU2AF65b splicing factors modulate FLC expression by affecting the expression or AS patterns of a subset of FLC upstream regulators in the shoot apex, leading to different flowering phenotypes.
Experimental Study on Quench Protection Method for HTS Coil That Uses Cu Tape Co-Wound With HTS Tape

The authors previously proposed a quench protection method for a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil that uses Cu tape co-wound with HTS tape (Cu-CW method). In this method, when a quench occurs in the HTS coil, part of the current in the HTS coil is quickly transferred to the co-wound Cu tape coil by shorting the Cu coil with a resistor due to the tight magnetic coupling of both coils, and the hot-spot temperature of the HTS coil is reduced due to the quick reduction of the HTS coil current. The previous work showed by a numerical simulation that the method is effective to improve the quench protection performance compared with a commonly used detect and dump method (D&D method). In this work, the effectiveness of the method was studied by an experiment using small-scale test coils wound with yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) coated tapes to experimentally simulate quench behaviours of HTS coils of significant scale.