Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Autoimmune Hypothyroidism

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem with evidence being increasingly pointed towards vitamin D as a significant role in reducing the incidence of autoimmune diseases. Research on its role in autoimmune thyroid disease gives contradictory results. We aimed to study the association between vitamin D deficiency and autoimmune hypothyroidism by comparing vitamin D deficiency between anti TPO positive and negative hypothyroid patients and to assess the relation between vitamin D levels and anti TPO levels in anti TPO positive hypothyroidism. Methods: A total of 100 patients, 50 of them anti-TPO positive and 50 anti-TPO negative were included in the study. Serum anti-TPO, serum 25(OH)D, serum fT4 and TSH was measured using immunoassay. Results: The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 25.5ng/ml with a higher prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (40%). A significant association could be demonstrated between vitamin D insufficiency and autoimmune hypothyroidism both in younger and older females of the reproductive age group but not in males and postmenopausal females We observed only a weak negative correlation between 25(OH)D and anti-TPO titres. TSH was found to be significantly higher in autoimmune hypothyroid patients than in nonautoimmune counterparts (t= 2.15, p =0.034) and a strong positive correlation noticed between anti-TPO titres and TSH levels (p = 0.016; r = 0.24*). Conclusion: Autoimmunity is closely related to thyroid function and increasing autoimmunity directly related to worsening thyroid function. Noticeable association between vitamin D insufficiency and autoimmune hypothyroidism encourages vitamin D supplementation for them
How the City of Utrecht develops a Health and Equity in all Policies approach

Public health policy, spatial and environmental policies are within the Dutch municipalities’ competencies. In 2021 a new act will be implemented, in which todays’ more sectoral acts and decrees will be integrated into the so-called (Healthy) Living environment act. This will require more integrated, inter-sectoral and multi-level governance approaches. And new topics and societal challenges, such as health, sustainability and resilience, are introduced within the physical planning domains. Dutch reviews learn that public health and social domains are collaborating quite well at the local level. The cooperation and integration of health, environmental and spatial planning, on the other hand, often is less or even absent. In Utrecht, though, the latter inter-sectoral approach is strong; health in all policies has been the ‘mantra’ since several years. Supported and institutionalized through strong political leadership, and inter-disciplinary teams at neighbourhood and city level, for policy development and implementation in line with the city’s ambitions of Healthy Urban Living for Everybody. Utrecht is the healthiest and fastest growing city in the Netherlands, and aims to use its growth (in population, jobs, houses, etc.) to address health inequalities. The city is linking spatial challenges with social challenges, building and improving houses and residential areas for all citizens. A new initiative, called social renovations, will be explored and reviewed within the JAHEE process. This initiative addresses many of the relevant topics, such as healthy living environment planning, stakeholder involvement and specifically reaching ‘hard to reach groups’, and improving housing and public space conditions and subsequently health and well-being of vulnerable groups.
Spinal Injury in Indian Children: Review of 204 Cases

Study design: Retrospective study. Objective: The purpose of the study was to analyze the epidemiological parameters and associated factors after spinal cord injury (SCI) in children, in the last 14 years admitted at a tertiary care center (Indian Spinal Injury Centre [ISIC], New Delhi, India). Method: The demographic and injury-related data was analyzed descriptively. The incidence, type, and level of injury were compared across the age groups using a χ2 test. Wherever appropriate, Fisher exact test was used. Results: There were 1660 pediatric trauma cases admitted at ISIC from 2002 to 2015, where 204 cases presented with spine injuries. The average age of children sustaining spine injury was 15.69 years (3-18 years of range). There were 15 patients in the age group 0 to 9 years, 27 patients in the age group 10 to 14 years, and 162 patients in the age group 15 to 18 years. This difference in spine injury incidence among the age groups was statistically significant. Fall from height was a common mode of injury. In our sample, boys were 3 times more likely to be injured than girls. Burst fractures were common among the type of injuries. Conclusion: Our study confirms the predominance of cervical spine injury and the high incidence of multilevel contiguous with a lesser percentage of noncontiguous multilevel spinal involvement. SCIWORA (spinal cord injury without radiological abnormality) incidences were in a similar context to the literature available. There was a very low incidence of death. Neurological improvement was seen in 8 operated cases and 4 conservatively treated cases.
Assessment of complementary feeding of Canadian infants

II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . IV LIST OF TABLES . XIII LIST OF FIGURES . XV LIST OF COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS . XVII ABBREVIATIONS . XVIII CHAPTER I: OVERALL INTRODUCTION . 1 1.
A Case Report of Thyroid Plasmacytoma and Literature Update

Plasmacytomas of the thyroid gland are rare, whether or not they arise as solitary (primary) lesions or secondary to systemic multiple myeloma. Here, we present the case of a 71-year-old female presenting with goiter and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, in whom the subsequent histopathological diagnosis of plasmacytoma was a surprise. In presenting this case, we summarize the last 25 years of literature on thyroid plasmacytoma and review the salient clinicopathological characteristics, differential diagnoses, management, and outcomes of this rare condition.
X-ray evaluation at 5-6 years of Straumann implants (part 1)

The loss of bone around implants is, on an average, below 1 mm during the first year and 0.2 mm per year in the years that follow. It essentially depends upon biomechanical factors but the level at which the bone stabilizes is determines by the implant depth. Intraoral radiographs (paralleling technique) are considered as the "firs choice2 for the evaluation of the radiolucency with respect to the proximal peri-implant bone. This study was based on 528 implants placesd in private practice, with an objective to determine their success rate and their survival at 5-6 years, to evaluate the peri-implant proximal bone loss and outline the factors that could influence this bone loss.The results obtained from 411 accessible patient files are in accordance with the literature date (at 5-6 years, the survival rate is 99.2%, the success rate is 93%, the average bone los sis 1.16 mm). The bone loss was more severe in smokers and in implants with a TPS surface, those placed in the anterior regions or those with vestibular cortical bone below the 1 mm. Short implants were not associated with a more severe bone loss than longer implants.
Effect of the Theory of Planned Behavior Education on Nutritional Behaviors of Overweight and Obese Women Before Pregnancy

Objectives: Maternal nutritional behavior before and during pregnancy contributes significantly to improving the outcomes of pregnancy and the health of the newborns after birth. In addition, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) is a proper model for use during pre-pregnancy and pregnancy. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effect of TPB education on nutritional behaviors of overweight and obese women before pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 100 overweight and obese women who attended a nutrition unit in Khansar during April-August 2017. A convenient sampling method was used and the samples were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group participated in five nutritional training sessions based on the TPB in addition to routine care. Data were collected with TPB and nutritional behaviors questionnaires before, after, and 2 months after education. Finally, the Student’s t test, Fisher exact test, as well as Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square and repeated-measure tests were utilized for data analysis. Results: Based on the result of the repeated measure test, the overall score of the TPB changed (P=0.002) over time and a significant difference was observed between the 2 groups (P=0.002). In addition, the result of the repeated measure test indicated that the length of time affects the nutritional behavior score (P=0.000) and there was a significant difference between the 2 groups in this regard (P=0.000). Conclusions: Considering the effect of training, based on the TPB, on nutritional behavior, the content of this training is suggested to be included in the pre-pregnancy program.
A New Appliance for Class III Treatment in Growing Patients: Pushing Splints 3

Several orthopedic procedures have been used in early treatment to reduce the need for orthognathic surgery in skeletal Class III. The most used treatment is Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Facemask. This procedure also determines a clockwise rotation of the mandible, increasing the vertical dimensions of the lower third of the face. Therefore, the control of vertical dimension appears to be a key objective in Class III hyperdivergent patients. This article shows two skeletal Class III patients treated with a new appliance (Pushing Splints 3), that is able to correct sagittal discrepancy with a good control of the vertical growth. In both cases, Class I relationship with a proper Overjet and Overbite was achieved with improvement of profile. The final cephalometric values demonstrated a stable sagittal relationship and a good control of the vertical growth. The specific biomechanic features of the PS3 appliance permit the improvement of the sagittal jaw relationship, delivering at the same time vertical vectors that are able to control the alveolar and skeletal components of the vertical growth. This could be useful in the treatment of Class III hyperdivergent patients.
Lifestyle Factors Influencing Falls among Older People in Central Kenya

An estimated one-third of the older people worldwide sustain falls every year, which contributes to over 20% of injuries in this age group. In the central region of (Mount) Kenya, despite increasing awareness about this condition, the magnitude as well as the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors leading to falls in the older people are not well known. The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of falls, their outcomes, and the factors influencing their occurrence among older persons aged 65 years and above living in Gatanga Sub-County, Murang’a County, central Kenya. An analytical cross-sectional study design was used. Using systematic random sampling, 403 out of 9247 study participants were identified and interviewed at home. Using a structured interview form, data was collected on socio-demographic, socio-economic, lifestyle, and medical factors, as well as on fall or non-fall status from September 2016 to August 2017. Proportions were used to evaluate the occurrence of falls, lifestyle factors and medical conditions. Pearson’s Chi square and logistic regression were used to evaluate associations between lifestyle and medical exposures and falls outcomes. With 41%, the prevalence of falls amongst the older people in this region is high. The farming lifestyle involving animal husbandry and medical illnesses are significantly associated with falls. To reduce the occurrence of falls, we need to integrate relevant preventive measures that reduce the risk of falls in communities of the older people in Central Kenya.
The influence of digital self-care interventions on health inequality in high burden chronic health conditions

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Yoga Effects on Brain Health: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature

Yoga is the most popular complementary health approach practiced by adults in the United States. It is an ancient mind and body practice with origins in Indian philosophy. Yoga combines physical postures, rhythmic breathing and meditative exercise to offer the practitioners a unique holistic mind-body experience. While the health benefits of physical exercise are well established, in recent years, the active attentional component of breathing and meditation practice has garnered interest among exercise neuroscientists. As the scientific evidence for the physical and mental health benefits of yoga continues to grow, this article aims to summarize the current knowledge of yoga practice and its documented positive effects for brain structure and function, as assessed with MRI, fMRI, and SPECT. We reviewed 11 studies examining the effects of yoga practice on the brain structures, function and cerebral blood flow. Collectively, the studies demonstrate a positive effect of yoga practice on the structure and/or function of the hippocampus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex and brain networks including the default mode network (DMN). The studies offer promising early evidence that behavioral interventions like yoga may hold promise to mitigate age-related and neurodegenerative declines as many of the regions identified are known to demonstrate significant age-related atrophy.
The Effects of Water Intake, Fruits and Vegetables Consumption, and Socio-Cultural on Obesity among Adolescents

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing in the world, especially in Indonesia. Obe­sity can cause health problems, such as hyperinsulinemia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyper­ten­sion, immunological disorders, certain types of cancer, etc. This study aims to analyze the influence of consumption of water, fruit and vegetables and sociocultural views on the risk of obe­si­ty in senior high school adolescents. Subjects and method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at 25 senior high schools in Banyuwangi, East Java, from March to April 2018. Samples of 225 students were selected using ran­­dom sampling technique. The dependent variable was obesity. The independent variables were con­sumption of water, fruit and vegetables and socio-cultural views. The data were collected using ques­tionnaires and analyzed using multilevel logistic regression. Results: Water consumption (b = -2.67; CI 95% = -3.77 to -1.58; p = <0.001), fruit and vegetables (b = -1.16; CI 95% = -1.88 to -0.44; p = 0.002), activity physical (b = -1.12; 95% CI = -2.08 to -0.15; p = 0.023) and socio-cultural views (b = -1.89; CI 95% = -2.72 to -1.05; p = <0.001) reduce risk of obesity . Genetic factors (b = 3.12; 95% CI = 1.98 to 4.26; p = <0.001) increase the risk of obesity. Senior high school has a contextual effect on the risk of obesity with ICC = 9.89%. Conclusion: The risk of obesity decreases with adequate consumption of water, consumption of enough fruits and vegetables, enough physical activity and living in a society with a socio-cultural outlook with a good diet. The risk of obesity increases with the presence of factors. SMA has a contextual influence on the risk of obesity in adolescents. Keywords: water, fruit and vegetables, socio-cultural views, obesity Correspondence: Nita Aprilia. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir.Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: nitaapriliamelia@gmail.com. Mobile: +6283847987215. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2018), 3(4): 279-289 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2018. 03.04. 08
Dietary and Biological Assessment of Omega-3 Status of Collegiate Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA) play a number of important functions in health and human performance. While previous research has suggested that low ω-3 FA status is prevalent in the general population, little information about athletes’ ω-3 FA status is available. The purpose of this study was to assess the omega-3 fatty acid (ω-3 FA) status of collegiate athletes. Dietary ω-3 FA intake was evaluated in athletes from nine NCAA Division I institutions (n=1,528, 51% male, 19.9 ± 1.4 years of age, 29 sports represented) via food frequency questionnaire. Omega-3 Index (O3i) was assessed using a dried blood spot sample in a subset of these athletes (n=228). Only 6% (n = 93) of athletes achieved the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics’ recommendation to consume 500 mg of the ω-3 FA’s docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) per day. Use of ω-3 FA supplements was reported by 15% (n = 229) of participants. O3i was 4.33 ± 0.81%, with zero participants meeting the O3i benchmark of 8% associated with the lowest risk of cardiovascular disease. Every additional weekly serving of fish or seafood was associated with an absolute O3i increase of 0.27%. Overall, sub-optimal ω-3 FA status was observed among a large, geographically diverse group of male and female collegiate athletes. These findings may inform interventions aimed at improving ω-3 FA status of collegiate athletes. Further research on athlete-specific ω-3 FA requirements is needed.
The role of IgM testing in the diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up of syphilis: a prospective cohort study

The diagnosis of repeat syphilis and its follow-up remains challenging. We aimed to investigate if IgM testing may assist in the diagnosis of syphilis reinfection/relapse and its treatment follow-up.Sera were collected from 120 individuals with a new diagnosis of syphilis (72 with repeat infections) and 30 syphilis negative controls during a cohort study investigating syphilis biomarkers conducted at a STI/HIV clinic in Antwerp, Belgium. Syphilis was diagnosed based on a simultaneous positive treponemal and non-treponemal assay result and/or positive serum PCR targeting polA. Specimens collected at visit of diagnosis, and 3 and 6 months post-treatment were tested by two enzyme immuno assays (EIAs), recomWell (Mikrogen; MI) and Euroimmun (EU), to detect anti-treponemal IgM. Baseline specimens were also tested for anti-treponemal IgM using a line immuno assay (LIA) recomLine (Mikrogen). Quantitative kinetic decay curves were constructed from the longitudinal quantitative EIA results.An overall sensitivity for the diagnosis of syphilis of 59.8 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 50.3-68.7), 75.0 % (95 %(CI): 66.1-82.3) and 64.2 % (95 %(CI): 54.8-72.6) was obtained for the EU, MI EIAs, and MI LIA, respectively. When only considering repeat syphilis, the diagnostic sensitivity decreased to 45.7 % (95 %(CI): 33.9-58.0), 63.9 % (95 %(CI): 51.7-74.6) and 47.2 % (95 %(CI): 35.5-59.3), respectively. IgM seroreverted in most cases 6 months after treatment. Post-treatment IgM concentrations decreased 30 % faster for initial syphilis compared to repeat infection. The IgM EIAs and IgM LIA agreed from fairly to moderately (Cohen’s kappa (κ): 0.36 [EU EIA]; κ: 0.53 [MI EIA]; κ: 0.40 [MI LIA]) with the diagnosis of syphilis.IgM detection was not a sensitive method to diagnose syphilis and was even poorer in the diagnosis of syphilis repeat infections, but might play a role in treatment follow-up. -IgM detection was not a sensitive method to diagnose syphilis and was even poorer in the diagnosis of syphilis repeat infections-IgM serorevert in most cases 6 months after treatment-In repeat episodes of syphilis, IgM concentrations decline faster post-treatment
Physico-chemical and biological properties of dental calcium silicate cements - literature review

Dental cement materials have been developed with the aim to replace hard dental tissues. The first material used for pulp capping, root canal obturation, bifurcation perforation and apexification is calcium hydroxide (in 1920). A half century later, glass-ionomer cements began to suppress it as dentine substitutes. Finally, in the 1990s, calcium silicate (CS) material appeared in the dental research community as the most promising dentine substitute capable to adequately meet all clinical requirements. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of literature related to studies about CS materials taking into account their physical, chemical and biological properties and clinical applications. This review aims to discuss beneficial and adverse characteristics of CSs concerning interactions to the hard dentine and soft pulp/periodontal tissues. This review article deals with the literature data about currently commercially available CS concerning laboratory and clinical findings. 109 scientific articles were analyzed of which 62 references reported in vitro and 26 in vivo investigations while 21 references comprised reports, reviews and books dealing with both, in vitro and in vivo investigations. Although further data collection is necessary, CSs are promising materials that represent a gold standard for numerous dental clinical procedures.
Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in neonates with critical pulmonary stenosis: Jugular or femoral

Background: Critical pulmonary stenosis (PS) is one of the life-threatening congenital heart diseases which present during the neonatal period with cyanosis. Surgical valvotomy was once the procedure of choice for critical PS; however, balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) has now become the standard treatment. Although the procedure is usually simple, crossing the pulmonary valve from the femoral vein can be difficult, especially when severe tricuspid regurgitation and right atrium dilatation are present. In such patients, the maneuver can be simplified by using the right internal jugular vein approach. However, many operators are reluctant to use this approach because of unfamiliarity with the technique, potential complications, and paucity of reports. Until now, there is no literature describing BPV using the transjugular approach in neonates, also none directly comparing the transfemoral and transjugular approaches. Objective: We compared transjugular with the transfemoral approach in terms of procedure time and complications. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Participants were neonates with critical PS undergoing BPV in the National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita from 2013 to 2018. Results: Of 15 neonates undergoing BPV, eight were done using the transjugular approach and seven using the femoral approach. Mean age and weight in both groups was similar. In all eight patients using transjugular approach, crossing the pulmonary valve was consistently quick and easy. The total procedural time, pulmonary crossing time, and fluoro time was significantly shorter using the transjugular approach (65 ± 8 vs. 108 ± 17.8 min, P < 0.05; 22 ± 3.1 vs. 45 ± 14.8 min, P < 0.01; 29 ± 13 vs. 67 ± 35 min, P < 0.05). There were no complications relating to vascular access. Moreover, the BPV procedure itself demonstrated comparable results in both groups. Conclusion: BPV using the transjugular approach is safe and effective to relieve critical PS in neonates compared to the transfemoral approach.