Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trend, Manifestations and Outcome of Falciparum Malaria Infection in Wad-Medani Teaching Hospital in the Central Region of Sudan

Background: Malaria is one of the most common diseases affecting humans worldwide. It remains a major global public health and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical countries. Plasmodium falciparum malaria is the most dangerous and fatal form of illness, and it is the most common species prevalent in Sudan throughout the year. Gastrointestinal manifestations are common in malaria endemic areas. Malaria occasionally presents with both typical and atypical symptoms and signs, and there is an increase burden on health services in hospitals, due to large spectrum of falciparum malaria presentation and outcome, especially in Gezira area in Sudan. Objectives: To assess the trend, manifestations and outcome of falciparum malaria infection in patients admitted to medical wards. Methods: This is descriptive, prospective, cross sectional hospital-based study, conducted in Wad Medani Teaching Hospital in the central region of Sudan in the period of December 2014 to May 2015. Results: A total of 160 patients were admitted with severe malaria during period from December 2014 to May 2015. The age of study populations ranged from 15 - 80 years, with mean age (43.11), with the most affected patients in age group 15 - 45 years. Males were 86 (53.8%) and females 74 (46.3%). The main manifestations and complication of severe falciparum malaria in this study were: hyperparasitemia which present in 90 (56.3%), then Hypotension or circulatory collapse was observed in 52 (32.5%), hyperpyrexia was seen in 35 (21.9%), prostration and weakness seen in 33 (20.6%), cerebral malaria with loss of consciousness seen in 19 (11.9%), acute kidney injury (AKI) was seen in 18 (11.3%), hypoglycemia was seen in 18 (11.3%), repeated convulsions ≥ 3 frequency occurred in 14(8.8%), severe anemia was seen in 10(6.3%), abnormal bleeding occurred in 10(6.3%), and hyperbilirubinemia also in 10 (6.3%). Pulmonary oedema was found in 2 cases (1.3%), and disseminate intravascular coagulation (DIC) in 2 (1.3%), blackwater fever in one case (0.6%). Other complications like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acidosis were not reported in this study. Patients who received quinine hydrochloride salt via intravenous infusion were 153 (95.6%), and who received artemether injection were 7(4.4%). Some patients received supportive management according to their presentation. The main duration of hospital stay was 3-5 days in 87 (54.4%). The outcome was as follows: 154 (96.3%) improved and were discharged in a good condition, and Six patients (3.8%) died. Conclusion: Falciparum malaria is more among younger adult age group and male. The main manifestations and complications of severe falciparum malaria infection were hyperparasitemia, hypotension, hyperpyrexia, prostration and weakness, cerebral malaria, AKI then hypoglycemia and repeated convulsions, severe anemia. Most of the patients treated with quinine with very good response, and the mortality rate was 3.8%.
The fertility revolution in Zimbabwe with special regards to proximate determinants of fertility

The role of proximate determinants in moderating fertility decline is well documented in developing countries. In Zimbabwe, however, there is a limited understanding of the role of proximate determinants on fertility levels and trends. This study aimed to examine the role of proximate determinants of fertility (namely marriages, postpartum infecundity and contraception) using the Bongaarts proximate determinants model. The impact of these determinants is studied on a sample of married women aged 15–49 years’ and corresponding cross-sectional data obtained through the six consecutive Zimbabwe Demographic Health Surveys (ZDHSs) hold in 1988, 1994, 1999, 2005 and 2015. The results reveal that the overall fertility declined from 5.4, 3.8 and 4.0 children per woman observed among 1988, 1999 and 2015 ZDHSs, respectively. This change was caused by the contraceptive inhibitive effect, which correspondingly increased from 3.00 to 4.65 and 6.45 children per woman. The fertility stalling observed in 1999 and after that is caused by postpartum infecundity and marital fertility inhibition which decreased with time. Moreover, contraceptive inhibition effect increased with education, wealth quintiles, and urban residence. In contrast, marital and postpartum infecundity fertility inhibition effects inversely correlate with education, wealth quintiles, and the place of residence. Therefore, to foster further fertility decline to replacement level, policies should promote contraceptive adoption, more extended breastfeeding periods and delay entry into early marriages. Furthermore, women empowerment, especially the promotion of female education to higher education and female employment, could be useful tools to further fertility decline.
Domestic processing and storage on the physical-chemical characteristics of acerola juice (Malpighia glabra L.).

ABSTRACT Acerola is a tropical fruit that stands out for its high content of ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds. However, there is currently a lack of information on the effects of the preparation and domestic storage of fruit juices, especially that of acerola. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different liquefying times (10, 30 and 50 s) and cold storage at 4 °C for 0, 24, 48 and 72 h in domestic acerola juice. In relation to such, physicochemical determinations were performed, including pH, total titratable acidity, antioxidant potential, contents of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids in juices produced from the whole fruit, the pulp and acerola seed extracts. Whole fruit juice, liquefied for 10 s, had the highest pH and lowest acidity averages (P≤0.05). The contents of phenolic and flavonoid compounds ranged from 26.06±1.18 to 168.34±24.63 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 mL and 11.17±0.96 to 49.45±1.43 mg of catechin equivalents (CE)/100 mL, respectively. Total phenolics were higher in whole acerola juices and total flavonoids in seed extracts, both when liquefied for 50 s. The antioxidant potential ranged from 0.12±0.01 to 4.26±0.78 mmol of Trolox equivalents (TE)/100 mL, and was also higher in whole acerola juice, liquefied for 50 s (P≤0.05). The results showed that acerola pulp has higher phenolic content and antioxidant potential, while seeds have more flavonoids. The liquefying time of the whole fruit for 50 s and consumption during the first 24 h, were the best conditions tested in this study, for obtaining a juice with a high content of phenolic and antioxidant activity.
SERUM ARGINASE-2 LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH VASCULOGENIC ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) has considerable impact on the quality of life of middle-aged men and is a significant global health problem with estimates of 33–52% prevalence. Although the origins of ED were thought to be psychogenic or neuropathic, evidence now clearly suggests that the predominant etiology is vasculogenic. Objective: Evaluation the effect of the level of serum arginase II on erectile function. Patients and methods: The current study was carried out on 80 individuals attending the outpatient clinic of Andrology, Al-Azhar University Hospitals. Selected individuals were divided into 2 equal groups: ● Group I: Individuals with vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. ● Group II: Matched healthy individuals as controls. All patients were subjected to full history taking including personal history, sexual history, past history of medical disorders or operations. Evaluation of erectile function using a bridged five-item version of the International index of erectile function-5 questionnaire (IIEF-5), penile duplex, general and genital examination, and measurement of serum arginase 2 were done. Results: There was a statistically highly significant difference between patients and controls as regard serum arginase 2 (ng/ml). There was marked increase in serum arginase 2 level and prevalence of ED with increased age.There was a significant correlation between serum arginase 2 level and diabetes mellitus with significant difference in serum arginase 2 level between different types of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. The highest percentage was to corporovenogenic erectile dysfunction (45%), followed by arteriogenic erectile dysfunction (32.5%), and finally mixed type (22.5%). With increase in serum arginase 2, there will be decrease in IIEF-5 score and an increase in erectile dysfunction, and that higher levels of serum arginase 2 level was in patients with severe ED with IIEF-5 score (5-7). There was a statistically negative correlation and significant between serum arginase 2 level and IIEF-5 score. Conclusion: Arginase 2 played an important role of male sexual health as with increase age more endothelial dysfunction.
Hemiparetic Stroke Rehabilitation Using Avatar and Electrical Stimulation Basedon Non-invasive Brain Computer Interface

Brain computer interfaces (BCIs) have been employed in rehabilitation training for post-stroke patients. Patients in the chronic stage, and/or with severe paresis, are particularly challenging for conventional rehabilitation. We present results from two such patients who participated in BCI training with first-person avatar feedback. Five assessments were conducted to assess any behavioural changes after the intervention, including the upper extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment (UE-FMA) and 9 hole-peg test (9HPT). Patient 1 (P1) increased his UE-FMA score from 25 to 46 points after the intervention. He could not perform the 9HPT in the first session. After the 18th session, he was able to perform the 9HPT and reduced the time from 10 min 22 sec to 2 min 53 sec. Patient 2 (P2) increased her UE-FMA from 17 to 28 points after the intervention. She could not perform the 9HPT throughout the training session. However, she managed to complete the test in 17 min 17 sec during the post-assessment session. These results show that the feasibility of this BCI approach with chronic patients with severe paresis, and further support the growing consensus that these types of tools might develop into a new paradigm for rehabilitation tool for stroke patients. However, the results are from only two chronic stroke patients. This approach should be further validated in broader randomized controlled studies involving more patients.
Efficacy of Defoliants on Yield and Fibre Quality of American Cotton in Semi-Arid Conditions

The study was conducted for exploring the effect of Dropp ultra and Ethrel, their application rates and time of application on two American cotton cultivars. The experiment was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal with cultivars NH615 and Sivanandi for two consecutive seasons from 2015-2017 in split plot design with three replications. Application of defoliants like Dropp ultra SC (Thidiazuron 360 + Diuron 180) 200 and 250 ml/ha, Ethrel 1500, 2000 and 3000 ppm were carried at 120 and 140 days after sowing respectively. The results of the study indicated that defoliation with Dropp ultra 250 ml/ha recorded higher percentage of defoliation (92.3) and higher seed cotton yield (2207 kg/ha). Application of defoliants at 140 days after sowing significantly recorded higher yields. There was no difference between the treatments in terms of fibre length and fibre strength. However fibre fineness and uniformity ratio were significantly affected by application of defoliants.
Lameness and Health Disorders in Cows Milked in Automated Systems

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.iv TABLE OF CONTENTS.v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.ix LIST OF TABLES.x LIST OF FIGURES.xi COPYRIGHT PERMISSION.xiii CO-AUTHORSHIP STATEMENT.xiv CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION.1 1.1 The Automation of Milking.2 1.2 Individualized Milking and Feed Supplementation in AMS.3 1.2. 1 Managing Metabolic Health at the Cow Level.3 1.2. 2 Managing Udder Health at the Cow Level.4 1.2. 3 Potential Stress during Milking.5 1.2. 4 Benefits of Reduced Behavioral Synchrony for Feeding Behavior.6 1.2. 5 Limitations of Individualized Management.7 1.3 The Voluntary Component of Milking.7 1.3. 1 Cow Freedom and Choice.7 1.3. 2 Variation in Milking Intervals.8 1.3. 3 Social Hierarchy.9 1.3. 4 Training and Motivating Cows to Visit the AMS.9 1.3. 5 Directing Cows to Visit the AMS.12
Positive Youth Development through a Co-Designed Modified Boxing Program

A modified boxing program in which youth and adults participated together ran for almost five years at an Australian community youth club. It was initially focused on preparing participants for occasional modified boxing competitions in which impacts to the head and neck were prohibited and any forceful impacts were penalized. The Head Coach of the program initiated regular small-group and individual discussions with participants and used the outcomes to guide program iteration. The participants became co-designers of the program and therefore architects of their own sport experience. This led to substantial changes in the nature of the program, with interpersonal competition progressively de-emphasized and eventually almost entirely removed. Increased attention was directed to building a cohesive, inclusive community and engaging in cooperative endeavours that provided a shared sense of purpose. Natural adult mentors emerged, and some adolescents took on peer leadership roles. Through a partnership between the club and a local university, program participants became involved in diverse research activities aimed at program improvement. Young program participants began to anecdotally report obtaining broad-ranging benefits from the program, and these reports were subjectively corroborated by parents and natural mentors. To determine the nature of any such benefits, we examined records of discussions that the Head Coach had logged in a detailed journal over the course of the program. We targeted a purposeful sample that included six young program participants and twelve adults who had varying program connections. Thematic analysis performed on the records of discussions with the selected subjects revealed that the most common perceived benefits that young people derived from the program were increased determination, increased self-confidence and enhanced leadership skills. Specific program features most clearly associated with these outcomes were fostering of positive and supportive relationships, collaborative involvement of the young people in determining program directions and provision of opportunities for positive observational learning. These findings are consistent with published literature and contemporary theories on positive youth development. Although positive youth development was not the explicit objective of the modified boxing program, the establishment of functional youth-adult partnerships and co-design procedures in the program environment caused the program to take on characteristics that research has identified as critical to attainment of positive youth development outcomes.
Holocene seismic activity of the Priene–Sazlı Fault revealed by cosmogenic 36Cl,Western Anatolia, Turkey

Fault scarps in carbonates are structures well suited to 36Cl analysis of paleoearthquakes to reconstruct the seismic history using cosmogenic 36Cl. In this study, we measured cosmogenic 36Cl concentrations in 117 samples along one of the active faults in Western Anatolia, the Priene? Sazli Fault scarp, to reconstruct the age of paleoearthquakes along with their slip amounts, beyond the available historical and instrumental archives. Our results indicate four periods of high seismic activity on the Priene? Sazli Fault since the early Holocene at 8.1 ± 2.0, 6.0 ± 1.5, 3.7 ± 0.9, and 2.2 ± 0.5 ka, with slips of 3.4 ± 0.5, 1.5 ± 0.2, 1.4 ± 0.2, and 1.5 ± 0.2 m, respectively. These ruptures mostly occurred as clusters of earthquakes with magnitudes of up to 6.7? 7.0 during the Holocene. Estimated slip rates on the fault are greater than 0.3, 0.7, 0.6, and 1.0 mm/year from the oldest to the youngest modeled earthquakes. In addition, the long-term slip rate is 0.7 mm/year. This means that the Priene? Sazli fault can be considered as a low to moderately seismogenic fault, based upon the recurrence interval.
Atmospheric infrasound generation by ocean waves in finite depth: unified theory and application to radiation patterns

Between 0.1 and 0.5 Hz, infrasound signals recorded in the atmosphere are dominated by ocean-generated noise called microbaroms. Microbaroms propagate through the atmosphere over thousands of kilometres due to low absorption and efficient ducting between the ground and the stratopause. Different theoretical models have been developed to characterize the source of microbaroms, all based on the second-order nonlinear interaction of ocean waves. While early theories considered an infinite ocean depth and a source radiation depending on the acoustic wave elevation angle, other works have approximated the radiation pattern as a monopole, and found a considerable effect of the water depth. This paper reviews these models and extends the previous theories to the combined effects of both finite depth ocean and source directivity in both elevation and azimuth angles. It is found that the water depth has a negligible effect for the near-horizontally propagating acoustic waves that should dominate the measured microbarom records. Another important result is that the microbarom azimuthal variation can be highly directive locally, but it generally becomes isotropic when integrated over a realistic source region.
Work Motivation on Performance of Nurses in Hospital of Islam Faisal Makassar

Hospital services cannot be separated from nursing services so that nurse motivation has to be increase to improve performance. The research aimed at analyzing the working motivation effect on the nurses’ performance in Islam Hospital, Faisal, Makassar City. The research used the quantitative method with the cross sectional study approach. Population in the research was all nurses in the hospital. The samples were taken by the total sampling technique as many as 116 nurses. Data were collected by an interview using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square and multiple logistic regression analysis. The research result indicates there is the effect of the incentive (p=0,012), autonomous job (p=0,000), responsibility (p=0,006) on the nurses’ performance. The simultaneously multiple logistic regression test result indicates that the autonomous job represents the most influential variable on the nurses’ performance in Islam Hospital, Faisal, Makassar City.
Challenges in Primary Care Delivery and the Opportunities for Point-of-Care Testing: A UK Perspective

Abstract Health care systems around the world are changing to improve access and quality, as well as seeking to contain costs. These changes are being sought against a backcloth of improvements in both diagnosis and treatment, and increased patient life expectancy. Health care delivery for the past few decades has become very hospital centric and with consolidation of facilities to manage increasing specialization of care, as well as promoting efficiency—including in the field of diagnostics. However, these latter developments have had an adverse impact on patient access to care, with increasing pressure on primary care. Point-of-care testing technologies offer a means of improving access to diagnostic and monitoring decision-making—for clinician, carer, and patient. The opportunities for the use of point-of-care testing in primary care are discussed in the context of changes in health care delivery, from a UK perspective.
Humpback whales in Brazil : distribution, abundance and human impacts

"This work was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, CNPq, Programa Ciencia sem Fronteiras, scholarship 208203/2014-1). " -- Acknowledgements
Advanced contrasts for vascular MRI

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) often involves the administration of a contrast medium to obtain adequate images of the blood vessels. Despite its great advantages, the use of contrast medium is less suitable for new vascular molecular MRI techniques . Preclinical research presented in this thesis examines the usefulness of fluorine and iron oxide as alternative contrast media. The usefulness of fluorine-based contrast media for blood clot detection and, therefore, for assessing whether the blood clots can be treated, is studied. It is shown that important steps have to be taken in order for fluorine-based contrast media to be applicable in clinical settings. It is also shown that iron oxide allows the visualisation of vessel ingrowth into tumours, which is an indicator of the tumour being malignant. The thesis describes the imaging of iron oxide as a traditional contrast medium. Therefore, iron oxide is more suitable for use in clinical settings.
A Review of Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Stroke Patients

• End-effector type robot-assisted gait training systems were found to be more effective in locomotor recovery in stroke patients when they were applied in conjunction with conventional gait training rather than conventional gait training alone. However, this study does not confirm that the exoskeleton type robot-assisted gait training was more effective when it was applied in conjunction with the conventional gait training rather than the conventional gait training alone. • The robot-assisted gait training paradigm offers intensive, repetitive, accurate kinematic feedback and symmetrical gait practice while reducing the workload for the therapist, reducing the cost of stroke rehabilitation. Brain Neurorehabil. 2017 Sep;10(2):e9 https://doi.org/10.12786/bn.2017. 10.e9 pISSN 1976-8753·eISSN 2383-9910
Trauma-Focused Therapists’ Perceptions and Lived Experiences of Evidence-Based Practices (EBPS) when Delivering Sexual Trauma Interventions to Clients

iv DEDICATION . vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . vii LIST OF TABLES . xiii LIST OF FIGURES . xiv Chapter I: Introduction . 1 The Problem . 2 Evidence-Based Practices (EBPs) . 3 Trauma-focused Therapists and EBPs . 6 Clinical Decision Making. 7 Definition of Trauma . 9 Sexual Violence. 10 Trauma Intervention . 13 Statement of the Problem . 14 Purpose of the Study . 17 Research Questions . 19 Statement of Potential Significance . 19 The Study . 20 Data Collection . 21 Theoretical Foundation . 22 Explication of Data. 25 Operational Definitions . 25 Summary . 26 Organization of the Dissertation . 27 Chapter II: Review of the Literature . 29 Trauma History . 32 Evolution of PTSD in the DSM . 36 Current Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practices (EBPs) . 39 Evidence-based Practice and Sexual Violence Interventions . 44 ix Trauma-focused Therapists . 46 Sexual Violence. 50 Interventions for Sexual Violence . 52 EBPs and Cultural Factors . 53 Theoretical Perspectives . 54 Max van Manen’s Lived Existentials . 54 Phenomenology . 55 Hermeneutic Phenomenology. 57 Bioecological Model of Human Development . 57 Integrative Systemic Approach to Trauma (ISAT) . 58 Risk and Protective Factors Related to EBPs . 59 Summary . 61 Chapter III: Methods . 63 Introduction . 63 Theoretical Framework . 63 Purpose of the Study . 67 Research Design . 68 Qualitative Investigation . 69 Sample . 70 Data Collection and Explication . 71 Individual Semi-Structured Interviews . 71 Instrumentation. 74 Researcher as Instrument . 74 Data Analysis . 76 Examining Trauma-Focused Therapists Experiences . 77 Ethical Considerations. 79 Limitations . 79 Trustworthiness of the Data and the Role of the Researcher . 80 Summary . 81 Chapter IV: Research Findings . 83 Introduction . 83