Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contrasting natal origin and movement history informs recovery pathways for three lowland river species following a mass fish kill

Understanding the spatial and temporal scales over which key population processes occur is fundamental to effective fisheries management, especially when informing recovery actions following extreme events. In 2018–19, hypoxia-induced fish kills occurred in the lower Darling River, south-eastern Australia. We collected carcasses of three potamodromous species that perished during these events to reconstruct their lifetime movements and identify potential recovery mechanisms. Golden perch Macquaria ambigua, Murray cod Maccullochella peelii and silver perch Bidyanus bidyanus otolith 87Sr/86Sr profiles were compared with water 87Sr/86Sr ratios to better understand natal provenance and movement history, and to identify the scale at which migration influences population processes. Golden perch were predominantly locally spawned (Darling River), although we found some evidence of emigration into the nearby Murray River early in life and return movements into the Darling River. Murray cod were mainly locally spawned and thereafter lifelong residents, with some evidence of stocking supplementing populations. Silver perch were mostly immigrants, with the Murray River (>500km away) the principal source of fish. For recovery of native fish populations to be effective in the Darling River, recovery actions are required that incorporate knowledge on the relevant spatial and temporal scales over which life history processes occur.
Mixed Infection of Tick-borne Haemo-parasites in Water Buffalo and Associated Pathological Responses and Treatment

Background: Water buffaloes are important milch species of tropical and subtropical countries. In general, they are considered to more resistant to diseases compared to crossbred cattle. However, a recent problem of tick-borne diseases in the water buffaloes by the field veterinarians and farmers causing production losses was observed. The study was conducted to explore the spectrum of tick-borne diseases (TBDs) infections in buffaloes and analyze the associated risk factors. Methods: Acute-phase response, cytokine and oxidative stress in infected buffaloes with TBDs were evaluated and compared with the negative buffaloes (control) to elucidate their role in pathogenesis and outcome of infection. The study was undertaken in 107 tick-infested water buffaloes. The conventional Giemsa stained blood smear (GSBS) based confirmation and classification of infection of haemo-parasites were made. The statistical model was used to understand their relevance with TBDs. Conclusion: Tick-borne disease in water buffaloes must be looked upon seriously to maintain good productivity. The buffaloes are often accompanied by low and un-yielding clinical symptoms due to associated co-infections of haemo-parasites. Our study showed that the buffaloes had a high prevalence (47.66%) of haemo-parasites transmitted by the ticks associated with co-infections and a low level of parasitemia. Most buffaloes responded symptomatically with the different modalities administered. Production parameter was not restored post 15 days of treatment. Oxidative stress is one of the important mechanisms of production losses in infected buffaloes.
Production and characterisation of sodium and potassium carbonate salts from carbonation alkaline aluminate liquor

The polythermal crystallization method has been used to extract sodium and potassium carbonate salts as valuable by-products. The salt production was carried out using an alkaline carbonate solution from the Azarshar nepheline syenite pilot plant in Iran. The optimum conditions were obtained by comparison between the results of thermodynamic modelling and experiments. To better understand the properties of the carbonate salts, thermal analysis, chemical analysis, and X-ray diffraction methods were also utilised. The optimum density and temperature for sodium carbonate crystallization were found to be 1.50 g/cm3 and 115–120°C, respectively, and for hydrated potassium carbonate crystallization to be 1.68 g/cm3 and 130°C at the first stage, and 1.70 g/cm3 and 135°C at the second stage, respectively. The thermodynamic modelling showed good agreement with experimental data for the carbonate salts.
Illizarov’s technique outcome in non-union tibial fracture

Background: Tibia being a superficial bone of the body and vulnerable to trauma, often becomes fractured among all long bone fractures. Tibial surface is subcutaneous most of its length so open fractures are common. Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted on 20 patients attending the outpatient department Of Orthopedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Ambikapur, Sarguja (C.G) India between September 2020 to February 2021. Patients within the age group of 18-60 years, having fracture of any duration with gap non union and those having duration of fracture more than 36 weeks without bony gap were included in the study. Details of Patient’s characteristics concerning primary injury and treatment were recorded and evaluation of results were based on Paleys criteria. Results: In bone/radiological results, seven were classed as excellent, eleven as good with the remainder of 2 being fair and poor each. Functionally nine were graded as excellent, nine as good and two as fair and poor each. Conclusions: It was found that Ilizarov ring fixator is an excellent treatment modality for tibial non-union with infection. However the technique requires long treatment follow up. Multiple interventions may be necessary to overcome the difficulties which come across the treatment.
Assessment of pond and integrated aquaculture (IAA) systems in six districts of Tanzania

Integrated agriculture and aquaculture systems (IAA) are well known for their ability to improve the overall farm productivity and profitability. This is through recycling of on-farm resources, such as nutrient rich fish pond water and agriculture remains that would otherwise be considered as wastes. The present study explores the existing and potential IAA systems in Tanzania. It also examines management strategies and their influence on fish yield and the economic returns between IAA and non-IAA fish farming. The study assesses farmer’s socio-demographic characteristics and their perception towards fish farming. The study was conducted through an on-site survey of 129 fish ponds owned by 89 farmers in six districts in Tanzania, involving 65 and 64 IAA and non-IAA ponds respectively. Results indicate that tilapia-vegetables is the most common type of IAA practiced by fish famers. Despite higher fish feed use and stocking density in non-IAA ponds, IAA ponds had an average fish yield of 2.46 t ha−1, which was significantly (p< 0.05) higher than the fish yield of 1.54 t ha−1 found for non-IAA ponds. IAA ponds had also 1.6 and 2.9 times higher (p< 0.05) revenue and net profit, respectively, than non-IAA ponds. Additionally, the net return from IAA ponds in an integrated system was significantly (p< 0.05) higher than when practiced as stand-alone activities. IAA famers were more positive towards fish farming compared to non-IAA farmers. Thus, IAA systems should be promoted among small-scale farmers to cover for an increased fish demand and to improve food security.
Effects of harvest stage and diurnal variability on yield and essential oil content in Mentha × piperita L.

This study aimed at investigating the effect of ontogenetic and diurnal variability on yield and quality criteria of Mentha piperita. The research was conducted in the Ordu province of Turkey for two years. The trial was established in a randomised complete block design with 3 replications according to factorial regulations. Four different harvesting periods (budding, first flowering, 50% flowering, 100% flowering) and three harvesting hours (9:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., 5:00 p.m.) were evaluated. A significant difference was determined between the trial years in all characters examined: plant height 55.9–69.0 cm, fresh herb yield 3 236–16 438 kg/ha, drug-herb yield 1 748–2 862 kg/ha, fresh leaf yield 3 477–4 506 kg/ha, drug leaf yield 968–1 253 kg/ha, essential oil ratio 2.0–2.5% and essential oil yield that varied between 19–28 L/ha. The highest yields were obtained at the beginning of flowering in drug leaf yield and 100% flowering period for all other characteristics. Diurnal variability was statistically significant only in the rate of essential oil, and the highest rate occurred in the 9:00 a.m. harvest.
Food tourism development in wine regions: perspectives from the supply side

ABSTRACT While food tourism research has increased over the decades, calls for enhancing academic discourse remain, including more critically-focused investigations on conceptual and practical aspects of this leisure activity. In adopting the realms of the knowledge-based view and dynamic capabilities, the present study critically examines the development of food tourism experiences from the perspective of providers from four different wine regions. On-site, face-to-face interviews with 22 winery owners-managers of wineries offering wine tourism experiences in Argentina and Chile were undertaken. Three identified dimensions, notably, enhancing availability, guidance, and foundation setting, highlight key opportunities for wineries to positively contribute to food tourism through wine tourism experiences. In contrast, four factors associated with challenges in developing food tourism emerge, namely the necessity for involvement, enhancing food repertoires, generating excitement, and creating a niche. Extending from these findings, a theoretical framework is developed, and various practical and theoretical implications are discussed.
Factors that influence household food security in Hamburg and Melani, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Food is one of the essential areas of service delivery required for a household’s wellbeing and development. Against this background, the literature suggests a high level of food insecurity among rural households in South Africa. Thus far, this study has investigated drivers of household-level food insecurity. Data were collected from 283 randomly selected respondents from Melani and Hamburg communities using a structured questionnaire. An ordered logit regression model was used to investigate drivers of household food insecurity. Descriptive statistics results revealed that most of the respondents from the study areas were food secure to mildly food secure (Melani-inland −73%; Hamburg-coastal −77.5%). The findings suggest that overall, the two communities were food secure. Econometrics results further revealed that factors like gender, household size, energy security, access to credit, farming, land ownership, and being able to afford to pay for water influence food insecurity of households in Melani and Hamburg. Therefore, to reduce household food insecurity, the study recommends that priority should be given to these socio-economic and institutional factors. This could be through improving gender and cultural policies which restrict women from generating income, training households about credit usage, and family planning to limit household sizes.
RY BULK AND GENERAL CARGO TERMINALS IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN: A DELPHI STUDY FOR ALIAGA

Denizyolu tasimaciligi tedarik zinciri sistemi icerisindeki cesitli yuk hareketlerinin gerceklesmesinde onemli bir role sahiptir. Bu baglamda; limanlar, lojistik maliyetlerin ve hizmet etkililiginin hayati onem tasidigi tedarik zinciri yonetiminde katma deger saglama faaliyetini de ustlenmeye baslamislardir. Dusuk birim maliyete ve yuksek tasima fiyati esnekligine sahip olan dokme yukleri ve neredeyse her operasyonunda farkli planlama ve yonetim gerektiren genel yukleri ellecleyen terminaller zincirde onemli bir yer edinmektedir. Bu calismada, kuru dokme ve genel yuk terminallerinin sagladigi katma degerli lojistik hizmetler ve faaliyetler ile tedarik zinciri icerisindeki rolunun saptanmasi amaclanmis ve degerlendirilmistir. Aliaga Bolgesi’nde bulunan kuru dokme ve genel yuk terminallerinin ve ureticilerin tedarik zinciri icerisindeki rolunu saptamak adina Delphi teknigi kullanilarak uzman goruslerine basvurulmustur. Calismanin bulgulari, bu tur terminallerde hizmet etkililiginin en az operasyonel etkinlik kadar onemli oldugunu gostermistir ve hizmetin ozelliklerinin daha tedarik zinciri yonlu olmak icin gelistirilmesi gerektigini vurgulamaktadir. Katma degerli hizmetlerin bu tur terminallerde, musterilerin ozellikle onem verdigi farklilastirici bir unsur oldugu da vurgulanmistir.
An evaluation of partially stratified charge ignition in a direct injection natural gas engine

The challenge of reducing tailpipe emissions, while retaining performance, continues to motivate new engine technologies. To this end, natural gas shows promise as a clean burning alternative fuel. However, an efficiency penalty of conventional spark ignited engines persists when these are fuelled by natural gas. This penalty is due to pumping losses, which arise as the intake mixture is throttled to maintain stoichiometry over the engine's operating range. Direct injection (DI), used to create a globally lean stratified charge, provides a load control method which is decoupled from throttling. Previous work has shown this concept to be viable, but plagued by poor fuel usage and high emissions of unburned hydrocarbons. Partially Stratified Charge (PSC) technology is a novel high-energy ignition method. It involves a standard spark plug, modified such that a small portion of natural gas (<5% of the total fuel charge) is injected directly into the vicinity of the electrodes. The intention is to surround these with an easily ignitable mixture, thus ensuring a strong flame kernel that propagates through a marginal bulk charge. PSC has already been shown to improve combustion stability in ultra-lean, homogeneous mixtures. This study was conducted to determine if PSC can be combined with direct injection to improve combustion stability in a stratified charge engine. A single cylinder research engine was modified to include a natural gas direct injector, as well as PSC ignition. Experiments were conducted over a wide range of fuel injection timings, as well as different angles between the fuel jet and ignition source. Engine performance was poor at stratified charge operating conditions and results indicate that PSC did not reliably improve combustion. Experimental evidence suggests that the PSC system was not igniting the pilot charge as expected. Very high concentration gradients at the boundaries of the PSC and DI
Physiological Traits of Thirty-Five Tomato Accessions (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Response to Low Temperature

Tomato is exposure to diverse abiotic stresses. Cold stress is one of harsh environmental 12 stresses. Abnormal low temperature affects tomato growth and development including physiolog- 13 ical disorders, flower drops, and abnormal fruit morphology, causing the decrease of tomato yield 14 and a fruit quality. It is important to identify low temperature-(LT) tolerant tomato (Solanum lyco- 15 persicum L.) cultivars. This study focused on analyzing physiological traits of thirty-five tomato ac- 16 cessions with three fruit types (cherry, medium, and large sizes) under night temperature set-points 17 of 15°C for normal temperature (NT) and 10°C for LT, respectively. Plant heights (PH) of most to- 18 mato accessions in LT were remarkably decreased compared to those in NT. The growth of leaf 19 length (LL) and leaf width (LW) was reduced depending on the genotypes under LT. The number 20 of fruits (NFR), fruit set (FS), fruit yield (FY), and marketable yield (MY) was negatively affected in 21 LT. The FS in LT was significantly correlated with FY in LT in total populations (n = 35), cherry fruit 22 sub-populations (n = 20), and medium fruit sub-populations (n = 11). Moreover, the relevance of 23 NFL in LT with FY in LT was related to total populations (n = 35), cherry fruit sub-populations (n = 24 20), but not medium fruit sub-populations (n = 11). The results indicate the physiological traits of 25 FS in LT and FY in LT are crucial factors for selecting and determining LT-tolerant cultivars for 26 breeding programs in tomato plants depending on different fruit types.
Postseismic Deformation and Afterslip Evolution of the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake Constrained by InSAR and GPS Observations

In the past few years, space‐geodesy has measured continued postseismic deformation in the region of the 2015 Gorkha Mw 7.8 earthquake. Previous studies have suggested that the postseismic deformation is dominated by afterslip, but the spatiotemporal evolution of the afterslip, hence its cause and impact on regional seismicity are disputed, and contribution from other postseismic processes has not been well constrained. Here, we constructed an afterslip model using InSAR and GPS observations over three years after the Gorkha earthquake. First, the Sentinel‐1A satellite data were processed using Permanent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar method to extract deformational signals at high‐coherence points, and a fitting method was used to extract the postseismic displacement sequences. We then used InSAR and GPS data in a joint inversion for the evolution of afterslip, and compared its contribution to the observed postseismic displacement to that of viscoelastic relaxation and poroelastic rebound. Our results confirm that afterslip has dominated the observed postseismic deformation in the Gorkha region. Within 3 years of the Gorkha earthquake, afterslip released ∼1.20 × 1020 N m, about 14% of that released by the mainshock and the largest aftershock, or equivalent to an Mw 7.32 earthquake. The afterslip has occurred mostly downdip of the coseismic slip zone, in the ductile shear zone, apparently controlled by rheological properties. The updip shallow portion of the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) zone has not been ruptured by coseismic slip or unlocked by afterslip, thus could potentially produce future earthquakes.
Effect of Oxidative Stress on Physicochemical Quality of Taiwanese Seagrape (Caulerpa lentillifera) with the Application of Alternating Current Electric Field (ACEF) during Post-Harvest Storage

This study aims to determine the physicochemical quality of seagrape (Caulerpa lentillifera) as a freshness label for products cultivated in different seasons. The applied post-harvest storage experiments compared between, within and without seawater that led to oxidative stress conditions. Water content, malondialdehyde (MDA) compound, total phenolic content (TPC), and chlorophyll content were observed at 0, 3, 6, and 9 days of storage. The storage without seawater showed sharper quality reductions by reaching 20–40% of water loss, 70–90% of MDA production, 15–25% of TPC reduction, and 40–60% of total chlorophyll degradation. The storage within seawater showed lower quality reductions due to the specific growth rates still reaching 5–10%. This study found that the greater the physicochemical quality, the slower the decomposition rates of the stored seagrape during storage. Therefore, the seagrapes’ obvious discoloration occurred earlier in winter, followed by summer and spring. Kinetics of chlorophyll degradation on seagrape in different seasons meet different order-reactions during storage. Furthermore, alternating current electric field (ACEF) treatment with 125 kV/m of intensity for 60 min can lower the spring seagrapes’ physicochemical quality by reaching 10–30% of inhibition, resulting in the shelf-life extension for up to 12 days of post-harvest storage.
Measuring Impact of the Accrual Accounting Implementation on Fiscal Transparency Quality: A Mix Method Study in Indonesia

Research aims : This study aims to measure the correlation between the Indonesian government accounting system's accrual basis and fiscal transparency quality. Furthermore, this study deepens the research results through focus group discussion (FGD) at Line Ministries. Design/Methodology/Approach : This study used a mixed method, in which the quantitative approach employed a questionnaire instrument, while the qualitative approach utilized interviews and FGD. This study involved 149 respondents at the accounting unit based on the purposive sampling technique, using questionnaire instruments and interviews with 77 users. Also, this study utilized Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), and the data were then processed through LISREL 8.8 statistical software. Research findings : This study proved that accruals' implementation had a significant positive impact on the quality of government fiscal transparency. The FGD results revealed that accrual accounting practices still referred to the government accounting standards. Meanwhile, the quality of fiscal transparency had been reviewed in advance by the auditor team, and the auditor's recommendations were taken into consideration in determining strategic decisions by estimating the potential risks that would arise. Theoretical contribution/Originality : This study contributes to an extended approach by examining the effect of the accrual accounting application’s effectiveness on the quality of government fiscal transparency. In addition, this study strengthens previous studies by using qualitative approaches through FGD involving units related to institutions and ministries. Therefore, this study’s results provide empirical evidence, which is theoretically very limited. Practitioner/Policy implication : This study contributes as an academic reference to improvements in developing a policy model for the accrual implementation in the government accounting system, especially in Indonesia. Research limitation/Implication : Respondent data for interviews is still limited to the managerial level. Therefore, to obtain more in-depth results, the subsequent study can be conducted at the operational level.
Generalization of the Modigliani–Miller Theory for the Case of Variable Profit

For the first time we have generalized the world-famous theory by Nobel Prize winners Modigliani and Miller for the case of variable profit, which significantly extends the application of the theory in practice, specifically in business valuation, ratings, corporate finance, etc. We demonstrate that all the theorems, statements and formulae of Modigliani and Miller are changed significantly. We combine theoretical and numerical (by MS Excel) considerations. The following results are obtained: (1) Discount rate for leverage company changes from the weighted average cost of capital, WACC, to WACC–g (where g is growing rate), for a financially independent company from k0 to k0–g. This means that WACC and k0 are no longer the discount rates as it takes place in case of classical Modigliani–Miller theory with constant profit. WACC grows with g, while real discount rates WACC–g and k0–g decrease with g. This leads to an increase of company capitalization with g. (2) The tilt angle of the equity cost ke(L) grows with g. This should change the dividend policy of the company, because the economically justified value of dividends is equal to equity cost. (3) A qualitatively new effect in corporate finance has been discovered: at rate g < g* the slope of the curve ke(L) turns out to be negative, which could significantly alter the principles of the company’s dividend policy.