Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A COMMUNITY BASED STUDY ON INFANT AND YOUNG FEEDING PRACTICES IN A RURAL AREA OF KARNATAKA.

BACKGROUND: Adequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is critical to the development of children's full human potential. OBJECTIVE : The main objective was to assess the Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices and associated socio demographic variables among children aged less than two years in rural areas METHODS: A community based, cross sectional descriptive study was done during Sept 09-Aug 2010 which is the rural field practice area of Shri. B. M. Patil Medical College SBMPMC. The data was computed and analyzed using SPSS statistical package (version 13.0). RESULTS: During the study period 264 mothers of infants and young children interviewed with the questionnaire and 159 out of 264 had received prelacteal feeds (males 64 % and females56.3 %). Illiterate mothers (69.7%) practiced more prelacteal feeding than the literate mothers (54.6%). 36% received exclusive breast feeding for a period six months. Majority of the illiterate mothers were practicing early (31.4%) and delayed weaning (32.5%). Poor socioeconomic status, illiteracy, birth spacing and cultural beliefs had significant effect on infant and young children feeding practices. CONCLUSIONS: The study re-emphasized the need for conducting continued infant and child feeding intervention programmes especially for the mother during antenatal and postnatal INTRODUCTION: Adequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is critical to the development of children's full human potential. Poor Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices, coupled with high rates of infectious diseases, are the proximate causes of malnutrition during the first two years of life. The second half of an infant's first year is an especially vulnerable time, when breast milk alone is no longer sufficient to meet his or her nutritional requirements and complementary feeding should start 1. Of the 19 million infants in the developing world who have low birth weight (< 2,500 grams), 8.3 million are in India. This means that approximately 43 per cent of all the world's infants who are born with a low birth weight are born in India. Malnutrition is an underlying cause in up to 50 per cent of all under- five deaths. About 55 million, or one-third, of the world's underweight children under age five live in India.
Effects of Dexamethasone and Levamisole on Humoral Immune Response in Chicks

Chicks were administered dexamethasone (Dex),levamisole (Lev) of different dosages orally after inoculation of NDV and IBDV to investigate the effects of the drugs on antibody production. Blood samples were collected in different time after dosing.The Newcastle disease (NDV) and the infectious bursal disease (IBDV) antibody titers were determined by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and indirect hemagglutination test respectively. The results indicated that no significantly lower response was measured in chicks that received Dex at a low dosage of 0.1 mg/kg(P0.05), whereas the antibody titers significantly decreased in chicks that received the drug at a middle dosage of 0.5 mg/kg and a high dosage of 1.5 mg/kg(P0.01). NDV and IBDV antibody titers were significantly higher by using Lev at low (5 mg/kg) and middle (10 mg/kg) dose (P0.01), while no significantly higher response was observed in chicks that administered Lev at high (25 mg/kg) dose (P0.05). The humoral immune response impairment caused by Dex could be controlled and the antibody titers could be adjusted to or even higher than control level (P0.05) by using Lev at low or middle dose, but the immunosuppression induced by Dex couldn′t be reversed by using Lev at high dosage of 25 mg/kg(P0.05).
The using of health belief model on AIDS preventive behaviors among health volunteers

AIDS has affected all countries, races, and both genders across the world.The purpose of this study was the effect of a educational program based on the health belief model in health volunteers on AIDS preventive behaviors. In this quasi-experimental study, 150 health volunteers were chosen and placed randomly in the case group (75) or in the control group (75). A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The volunteers filled out the questionnaires one month after the educational program had ended. The data were analyzed through statistical tests, namely the independent t-test, the paired t-test, the chi-square test and the Pearson correlation test. After the educational intervention, mean scores of all constructs of the health belief model became significant. The results were indicative of the positive effects of health belief model-based educational interventions on AIDS-related awareness, skills and preventive behaviors in health volunteers and the households under their coverage.
Factors That Affect Treatment Initiation Among Individuals With Serious Mental Illness and Substance Abuse Disorder

Introduction: Studies have shown that approximately half of individuals with mental health disorders have a comorbid drug and alcohol diagnosis. Enrolling dually diagnosed patients in outpatient treatment programs has been a unique challenge for decades. Research identifying factors associated with patient treatment initiation has been limited. Clinicians have suspected that certain drugs, such as methamphetamine, may be a deterrent to treatment initiation. We wanted to identify factors that might be associated with the initiation of dually diagnosed patients in our outpatient dual diagnosis treatment program. Materials and Methods: Data for this study were obtained by retrospective review of 165 consecutive patient charts located in the Harbor-UCLA Dual Diagnosis Treatment Program during the fall of 2011. The factors we examined were age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, education, number of dependents, living situation, employment status, number of hospitalizations, substance abuse/psychiatric treatment background, previous suicide attempts, current medication, diagnosis, specific drug use history and legal history. The dependent variable in this study was treatment initiation. Results: On the basis of our chart review, we found 102 (62%) intake patients subsequently initiated treatment. After backward selection, 2 variables remained as independent predictors in the multivariate model: previous substance abuse treatment and history of methamphetamine use. Discussion: We found that previous substance abuse treatment and previous methamphetamine use were 2 significant predictor variables for initiation into our treatment program. Other possible factors such as sedative/hypnotic use in last 6 months, and alcohol use may also be significant factors in treatment initiation.
Regulation of Cobalt–Nickel LDHs’ Structure and Components for Optimizing the Performance of an Electrochemical Sensor

Sensitivity, line range, and response time are key indices to evaluate the performance of an electrochemical sensor. The approach commonly used to improve electrochemical performance is to search for active materials with chemical components and structures. Herein, starting with Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67), we demonstrated a sacrifice template strategy to synthesize layered double hydroxides (CoxNi1–x-LDHs) with various microstructures and components. The structures of the obtained CoxNi1–x-LDHs were transformed gradually from yolk–shell to hollow via regulating the molar ratio of cobalt and nickel. The yolk–shell and hollow products were composed of ZIF-67/LDHs (CoxNi1–x-YSLDHs, x = 0.74, 0.52) and LDHs (CoxNi1–x-HLDHs, x = 0.33, 0.21), respectively. When products were further applied to the electrochemical glucose sensor, LDHs with hollow structure have better performance than yolk–shell structure because hollow structure own a shorter electron transfer pathway than yolk–shell struc.
Effect of in-service burnout on the transonic tip leakage flows over flat tip model

Un-shrouded turbine blades are more common than shrouded ones in gas turbine aero-engines since they reduce the weight and avoid the centrifugal loading caused by the blades’ shrouds. Despite these important advantages, the absence of the shroud leads to leakage flows across the tip gap and exposes the blade tip to high thermal load and thermal damages. In addition, the leakage flows can contribute up to 30% of the aerodynamic loss in a turbine stage. In this study, the effect of in-service burnout is explored using a fundamental flat tip model of a high-pressure gas turbine blade. This investigation is carried out both experimentally in a transonic wind tunnel and computationally using the Reynolds Averaged Navier-stokes approach at high-speed conditions. It is found that exposing the tip to the in-service burnout effect changes the leakage flow behaviour significantly when compared with the tip with sharp edges (i.e. the tip at the start of its operational life). Different flow acceleration, flow structure and shockwave pattern and interactions are captured for the round-edge flat tip (i.e. the tip exposed to in-service burnout). The effective tip gap is found to be much larger for the round-edge flat tip allowing more leakage flow into the tip gap which results into higher tip leakage losses in comparison to the sharp-edge tip. Experimental and computational flow visualisations, surface pressure distributions and discharge coefficient are given and analysed for several pressure ratios over the tip gap.
Treatment of Non-Segmental Vitiligo with Narrowband UVB Phototherapy (311 Nm): Clinical Efficacy and Mechanisms of Action

Objective: To estimate efficacy of narrowband UVB phototherapy (311 nm) in non-segmental vitiligo and its effect on subpopulations of T-cells and dendritic cells in vitiligo lesions. Methods: 56 patients with progressive non-segmental vitiligo underwent narrowband UVB phototherapy (311 nm). 11 patients had biopsies before and after therapy from lesional (depigmentation area), marginal, and perilesional skin for immunohistochemical studies of CD4+, CD8+, CD1a+ and CD83+ cells in epidermis and derma. Results: Median number of UVB procedures per course was 71, median total radiation dose-91.8 J/cm2, median percent of repigmentation-49%. Repigmentation of >25% of the affected area was reached in 67.9% of patients and repigmentation of 76-100% in 19.6% . VIDA index decreased from 2 to 1 post-treatment (P<0.035). In a subgroup who underwent immunohistochemical studies median number of UVB procedures per course was 88, median total dose of radiation-140.2 J/cm2, and median percent of repigmentation-50%. Significant activation of T-cellular immune reactions was found in lesions before treatment. There was a statistically significant increase in CD8+ lymphocytes and CD1a+ dendritic cells in marginal and perilesional normally pigmented skin in epidermis. There was an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and CD83+ dendritic cells in all three zones in derma. Normalization of CD8+ and CD1+ cells in epidermis of the affected skin was observed post-treatment. There was only partial reduction of CD4+, CD8+ and CD1+ cells in dermis. Conclusions: Narrowband UVB phototherapy (311 nm) is an effective method of treatment of nonsegmental vitiligo. T-lymphocytes and Langerhans cells play a critical immunoregulatory role in narrowband UVB phototherapy (311 nm)-induced immune suppression. Lack of full normalization of immunological parameters in the skin after treatment indicates a need for optimization of narrowband UVB phototherapy (311 nm): conduction of longer courses including 150-200 procedures, or combinations of this treatment with immunosuppressive drugs.
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Presenting with Spontaneous Hydropneumothorax

Malignant pleural mesothelioma is an uncommon carcinoma. However, its incidence is increasing and is expected to peak in the UK in 2015. It most commonly presents with breathlessness, chest pain, and pleural effusion on chest radiography. Less commonly, it may present with a pneumothorax; however, spontaneous hydropneumothorax is rare. Where initial investigation and management have failed, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) can be invaluable.
The Influence of a118g Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Human Mu Opioid Receptor Gene and the mdr1 Gene in Egyptian Patients With Tramadol-induced Seizure

Objectives: Although seizures have been reported with tramadol use, the exact mechanism is not yet confirmed. An individual genetic susceptibility may have a role in developing seizures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of mutant allele of the OPRM A118G and MDR1 C3534T in tramadol users with seizures. Methods: After investigators obtained informed consent and when other causes of seizures were excluded, 74 Egyptian tramadol users, with and without seizures, were assessed clinically, radiologically, and by electroencephalogram. Their blood samples were genotyped for the µ-opioid receptor gene and the multidrug resistant (MDR1) genes. Results: Thirty-seven subjects had seizures. A history of head trauma and more opioid use were reported by the group with seizures. Family history of epilepsy was present in 2 subjects with seizures. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to the frequency of occurrence of the SNP A118G of the mu opioid receptor gene or the SNP C3435T of the MDR1 gene. Conclusions: This study could not illustrate a potential genetic background in the studied point mutations that could explain the development of tramadol-induced seizures.
RESEARCH ON APPLYING THE SELF-PIERCE RIVETING (SPR) FOR DIE CASTING ALUMINUM ALLOYS

Self-pierce riveting as a relative new technology has been used by automotive industry for decades. Because of the several benefits of the SPR technique, it has been widely used for joining the similar or dissimilar materials to satisfy the light-weighting requirements of automobile. There were many researchers and automotive manufacturers that had been investigated the SPR by experiments and applied this technique to their products. The SPR was designed for joining the materials with sufficient ductility because the joining process was going to introduce the large plastic deformation on the joint button area. Die casting aluminum alloy products became more and more popular to be used for structural components. However, the casting aluminum components have relative low ductility than the wrought alloy product. The cracking problems were easy to occur during the riveting process.In terms of the cracking issues on die casting aluminum products, an analysis was conducted in this study to investigate the influence of composition on cracking problem. And the cracking mechanism was also analyzed and summarized. Corresponding to the influence of silicon content difference and silicon morphology, heat treatment was used to modify the eutectic silicon morphology of the casting aluminum alloys to improve the rivetability. Once the silicon network was broken by the heat treatment, the rivetability of die casting aluminum was drastically increased and the cracks on joint button were also suppressed. Under the effect of heat treatment, the joint performance was tightly related to the variation of the eutectic silicon phase and the cracks on the joint button. The joint strength was obtained by shear test to investigate the influence of heat treatment and die depth. A novel cracking statistics has been generated and used to calculate the cracks on the joint button. Eventually, a comprehensive joint performance was obtained by taking into consideration of joint strength, heat treatment and die depth.Finally, the simulation of the SPR process was conducted and analyzed by FORGE. The die depth as the variable was used to investigate the strain and fracture distribution incross-section view of the joint. In terms of the initial results of the simulation, the die cavity with various sidewall incline angles was simulated to find the optimal die cavity geometry in order to improve the rivetability of the bottom material sheet.
A revision of the genera Salpa Forskål, 1775, Pegea Savigny, 1816 and Ritteriella Metcalf, 1919 (Tunicata, Thaliacea).

Based on material from all oceans the Salp genera Salpa, Pegea and Ritteriella are revised. Particularly the study of the number of muscle fibres has shown that Salpa maxima var. tuberculata, the subspecies Pegea confoederala bicaudata and the generally synonymized species Ritteriella retracta are valid taxa, which are given the status of species. The existence of two groups of individuals differing biometrically within the species Salpa aspera and Ritteriella retracta is reported.
Tratamiento de sialorrea en enfermedades neurológicas más frecuentes del adulto

Introduction: Sialorrhoea is a disabling problem in many patients affected by neurological disorders. Anticholinergic drugs often produce side effects in these patients. Botulinum toxin A (TBA) blocks liberation of acetylcholine in motor and autonomic nerve terminals. Materials and methods: We report preliminary data about 8 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), and 4 patients with sclerosis lateral amyotrophic (ELA). All of them underwent treatment with TBA in both parotid glands to treat sialorrhoea, and were prospectively evaluated. Severity and Frequency Sialorrhoea Scale was used pre-treatment and at 4 weeks (1 month), 12 weeks (3 Months). TBA was administered in two points in each parotid gland, and one point in submaxillary gland; only in 2 patients of PD and 1 of ELA required new injection at 2 weeks only in parotid gland, with a dose ranging between 75 Us and 100 units in each point (1.5 Us by kg). Results: Three females and five males, with a men age of 63.6 ± 7 years are reported. Four patients with PD (4 males), and 4 patients (2 males and 2 females) to ELA. Sialorrhoea preArtemisa medigraphic en línea
Charge-Transfer-Induced Interfacial Exchange Coupling at the 
Co/BiFeO3
 Interface

The interplay between ferroelectricity and magnetism in multiferroic materials is of great scientific and technological interest, allowing magnetic control of ferroelectric properties and electric control of magnetic properties through the magnetoelectric coupling from interfacial strain, exchange bias, or charge-transfer process. We report the charge transfer at the Co/BiFeO3 interface from which the interfacial exchange coupling is achieved with the formation of Fe2+. The x-ray linear dichroism and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism results reveal that the strain as well as the exchange coupling J(ex) in BiFeO3 (BFO) with periodic 109 degrees domains are stronger than that in BFO with 71 degrees domains, resulting in the higher coercive field of Co/BFO with 109 degrees domain samples. The possible electric field control of the charge-transfer process at the Co/BFO interface enables an alternative class of electrically controllable magnetization, exchange bias, and giant magnetoresistive response of spintronic devices.
Accelerated weathering and decay resistance of heat-treated wood reinforced polypropylene composites

The aim of this study was to determine the accelerated weathering and decay resistance of the heattreated wood reinforced polypropylene composites (HT-WPC). Polypropylene (PP) was used as a matrix and the heat-treated wood treated at 180 °C and 220 °C as reinforcement filler. The effect of three filler type, such as 40, 60 and 100 mesh, on the outdoor performance of composites was also investigated. The composites were prepared with twin screw extruder, and the test samples were obtained with compression molding. Lightness index (L*), color changes (ΔE*) and physical changes on the surface of the composites after the accelerated weathering, and decay resistance of the composites were investigated. According to the results, the effects of heat-treated wood on color changes were found to be more than its filler size, and while the filler loadings were increased from 5 % to 20 %, it was determined to increase the color changes of the composites. In scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, crack formation and deterioration on the surface of the composites were determined. In FTIR spectra, no difference was determined between the composites, and all peaks were similar to each one. The addition of heattreated wood improved the antifungal efficiency of the composite, and the mass losses decreased with the increasing of heat treatment temperature. As a result, adding heat-treated wood to PP was found to improve the outdoor performance of the HT-WPCs.
The Professional Portfolio — Purpose, Process and Practice, Part 1: Portfolios and Professional Practice

This is the first of two articles which together explore the potential for using portfolios in professional practice. Part 1 appraises the practical use of portfolios for students, practitioners and managers. It suggests that individuals might establish and maintain a professional portfolio as a means of demonstrating learning and professional development. Portfolios might also assist practitioners to achieve academic awards and career goals. Part 2 will examine the theory of experiential learning and the process of documenting and accrediting learning in order to build up a portfolio of professional experience.
First-principles study of the phase diagram of Potassium

This thesis is a computer simulation project to calculate the phase diagram of potassium as a function of pressure from 0 to 100 GPa and temperature from 0 to 1200 K. The project required the application of both electronic structure techniques and classical molecular dynamics simulations to compute the free energies of solid and liquid phases. To compute the melting properties, the coexistence was used, either with a classical potential fitted to the ab initio data or directly with the ab initio potential. Tests were also carried out using the Z method, however, this method cannot compute melting properties but can provide an estimate of the upper bound of the melting temperature. The phase transitions of the solid structures of potassium were determined from 0 to 100 GPa at temperatures ranging from 0 to 450K using first-principles calculations of the free energies. The calculations were carried out within the density functional theory framework with the generalised gradient approximation and the projector augmented wave method as implemented in VASP. The quasi-harmonic contribution to the free energy of the solids was calculated using the small displacement method. To determine the melting temperature of each solid phase of potassium, the coexistence method with a potential was used but proved unsuccessful for most phases. Therefore, the direct coexistence was used but was deemed computationally too expensive. As aforementionned, the Z method was tested in order to obtain an approximation of the melting temperature and assess the performance of the method.