Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TO HAVE OR TO BE? THE INTERPLAY OF KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURE AND MARKET IDENTITY ON KNOWLEDGE-BASED ALLIANCE FORMATION

We explore how a firm’s knowledge structure characteristics and market identity – as reflected in its position in the industry value chain and market status – influence knowledge-based alliance (KBA, hereafter) formation. We propose that the firm’s propensity to form KBAs is affected by congruence (or misalignment) between its knowledge structure characteristics (namely, knowledge depth and scope) and the role it plays in the industry as demanded by its position in the value chain. We also argue that while a firm’s market status can amplify the positive effect of congruence, thereby enhancing a firm’s proclivity to form KBAs, being prominent can also hurt a firm when it faces a misalignment between its knowledge structure characteristics and externally induced expectations related to its value chain position. We validate our arguments using panel data on 1,051 firm-year observations on the tendency to form KBAs over the period 1999-2009 by 197 firms patenting in the global fuel cell industry. By developing a richer understanding of the relationship between a firm’s knowledge-based resources and KBA formation, we answer the call for a better understanding of how and when firms can leverage on internal knowledge configuration to improve their proclivity to form alliances.
Molecular and Biological Characterization of a Vaccine – Derived Avian Avulavirus Type 1 Isolated from an Unvaccinated Goose

Outbreaks of Newcastle disease (ND) are very common around the world resulting in serious economic losses to the poultry industry. World organization for animal health has recognized ND as ―notifiable‖ (Dimitrov et al., 2016). Broad host spectrum, multiple genotypes and inadequate vaccination protocols compounded the nature of the disease, especially in the third world countries. ND is caused by Avian Avula virus -1 (AAvV-1, previously Newcastle disease virus). AAvV-1 belongs to genus Avian orthoavulavirus 1 (AOAV-1) within the subfamily Avulavirinae of the family Paramyxoviridae (ICTV, 2019). AAvV-1 cause infections in a wide range of domestic and wild birds worldwide. As many as 241 species from 27 orders of the avian family are reported to be susceptible to ND (Kaleta and Baldauf, 1988). AAvV-1 is a single-stranded, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 9 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Investigation of non-local autoionization processes in rare gas clusters

The main topic of this thesis is the investigation of non-local autoionization processes in mixed rare gas clusters after photoionization using synchrotron radiation. In particular, the aim of the work is the experimental detection of ETMD(3) (electron transfer mediated decay). After photoionization and subsequent autoionization of the clusters, the flight times of the resulting photo-electrons and secondary electrons were measured in coincidence using a magnetic bottle electron time-of-flight spectrometer. After excitation of Ar-Kr clusters using synchrotron radiation with an energy of 32 eV, two signals are identified in the coincidence spectrum. The first signal occurs only in coincidence with the Ar 3s derived cluster band and is the ETMD(3) signal. A spectrum of the kinetic energy distribution of the ETMD(3) electron is shown. The second signal comes from electron-electron collisions in the cluster. In Ar-Xe clusters, both ETMD(3) and ICD (interatomic coulombic decay) are energetically allowed. It was possible to determine the structure and the composition of the Ar-Xe clusters through detailed analysis of their valence spectra. The spectrum of secondary electrons, recorded in coincidence with the Ar 3s derived cluster band, shows contributions from ICD and ETMD(3). The intensity of these contributions depends on the composition and size of the clusters under study. Furthermore, the structure and shape of the outer valence spectra of homogeneous argon and krypton clusters of different sizes were examined. Both species show a dispersing feature in a small range of excitation energies, which is superimposed on the outer valence cluster band. This feature is observed at cluster sizes starting at about 230 atoms, in the case of argon, and about 270 atoms, in the case of krypton. This results from dispersion of the valence band due to the crystal structure of the clusters investigated. It is therefore an indicator of the development of bulk-like properties of the clusters.
Comparison of measurements and FluorMOD simulations for solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence and reflectance of a corn crop under nitrogen treatments

Laboratory and field measurements previously acquired from foliage and canopies of corn (Zea mays L.) under controlled nitrogen (N) fertilization were used to parameterize and evaluate a new spectral vegetation Fluorescence Model (FluorMOD) developed to include the effects of steady‐state solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) on canopy reflectance. These data included biophysical properties, fluorescence (F) and reflectance spectra for leaves; reflectance spectra of canopies and soil; solar irradiance; plot‐level leaf area index (LAI); and canopy SIF emissions determined using the Fraunhofer line‐depth (FLD) principle for the atmospheric telluric oxygen absorption features at 688 nm (O2β) and 760 nm (O2α). FluorMOD simulations implemented in the default mode did not reproduce the observed magnitudes of leaf F, canopy SIF, or canopy reflectance. However, simulations for all of these parameters agreed with observations when the default FluorMOD information was replaced with measurements, although N treatment responses were underestimated. The observed shift in the red/far‐red SIF ratio (from <1 to ∼2) that occurred in scaling from leaves to canopies, partially attributed to the paucity of abaxial leaf information incorporated in the model, was not expressed in the simulations. Recommendations were provided to enhance the potential utility of FluorMOD in support of SIF field experiments and studies of agriculture and ecosystems.
Redox Chemistry of Actinyl Complexes in Solution: A DFT Study

The chemistry of actinides in solution is a very important aspect of the nuclear fuel cycle, especially as the energy needs of the world continue to increase. However, the radio-active nature of the actinides makes experimentation very difficult and dedicated expensive instruments are required. In addition, the disposal of radio-active waste materials requires a proper understanding of their chemistry at a molecular level. To tackle the problem, and to underpin the experimental studies, in this thesis we have studied the redox chemistry and disproportionation mechanism of actinyl complexes in solution using state-of-the art computational methods. Reduction potentials of actinyl complexes in solution have been estimated in solution using density functional theory (DFT) approaches. Solvation effects were included in the quantum chemistry calculations with the conductor like polarisable continuum model (CPCM) solvation method. First of all, we have validated our computational method by studying a variety of solute cavity definitions within the CPCM solvation model and assessed the performance of a range of DFT functionals to suitable to accurately describe the actinide chemistry in solution. Penta-valent uranyl(V) ions are unstable and readily disproportionate; in this study we have explored outer-sphere electron transfer and disproportionation mechanisms to determine the stability of these ions in solution. We have found that the process of outer-sphere disproportionation is unlikely to occur in non-aqueous solutions, such as DMSO, DMF, DCM, acetonitrile and pyridine, when the uranyl(V) ion is bound with a multi-dentate organic ligand. However, our computational results hypothesise that the presence of a trace of water in the experimental conditions can promote a disproportionation reaction by protonating the uranyl(V) ? yl? oxygen atoms and then the electron transfer process would proceed through either inner or outer sphere mechanism. In addition, the effect of alkali metal cations on the outer-sphere disproportionation mechanisms was also studied. Overall it has been shown that DFT can be used to accurately predict the redox properties of actinyl complexes in solution and thus contributing for an effective and efficient design of nuclear material separations, proper as well as safer radioactive waste disposal.
Latest Achievements in Polymer Optical Fiber Gratings: Fabrication and Applications

Grating devices in polymer optical fibers (POFs) have attracted huge interest for many potential applications in recent years. This paper presents the state of the art regarding the fabrication of different types of POF gratings, such as uniform, phase-shifted, tilted, chirped, and long period gratings, and explores potential application scenarios, such as biosensing and optical communications.
Switching on Electricity Demand Response: Evidence for German Households

Empirical evidence on households’ awareness of electricity prices and potentially divergent demand responses to price changes conditional on price knowledge is scant. Using panel data originating from Germany’s Residential Energy Consumption Survey (GRECS), we fill this void by employing an instrumental-variable (IV) approach to cope with the endogeneity of the consumers’ tariff choice. By additionally exploiting information on the households’ knowledge about power prices, we combine the IV approach with an Endogenous Switching Regression Model to estimate price elasticities for two groups of households, finding that only those households that are informed about prices are sensitive to price changes, whereas the electricity demand of uninformed households is entirely price-inelastic. Based on these results, to curb the electricity consumption of the household sector and its environmental impact, we suggest implementing low-cost information measures on a large scale, such as improving the transparency of tariffs, thereby increasing the saliency of prices.
Antioxidant Activity of Pitcher Extracts from Three Nepenthes Species

Nepenthes, locally known as ‘periuk kera’ in Malaysia, is a fascinating species due to uniqueness in their morphology in having pitcher organ for carnivorous diet. The pitcher plant has been used for cooking traditional delicacies and as traditional remedies to treat illness. Hence, this species might possess beneficial health properties. This study aimed to compare the antioxidant activity of the pitcher extracts from Nepenthes ampullaria, Nepenthes rafflesiana and their hybrid, Nepenthes × hookeriana. The samples were extracted using methanol:chloroform:water (3:1:1) via sonication assisted extraction and the extracts were subjected to three different antioxidant assays, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing power (FRAP) and total phenolic content (TPC). Extract from N. ampullaria exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity (0.148 ± 0.04 mg/mL) with the highest ferric reducing power (0.009 ± 0.003 mg GA/mg dry weight) among the three species, whereas that of N. rafflesiana possessed the highest phenolic content (0.057 ± 0.017 mg GA/mg dry weight). However, the antioxidant capacities of the pitcher extracts were not significantly different (p>0.05) between the three species and were much lower than the gallic acid as a standard reference.
The macroprudential toolkit: E ectiveness and interactions

We use a DSGE model with nancial frictions, leverage limits on banks, loan-to-value limits and debtservice ratio (DSR) limits on mortgage borrowing, to examine: i) the e ects of di erent macroprudential policies on key macro aggregates; ii) the interaction of DSR limits with the rest of the macroprudential toolkit and with monetary policy; and iii) the e ects of various macroprudential tools on welfare. We nd that both capital requirements and DSR limits reduce the need for monetary policy to react to a housing demand shock, and that DSR limits also contribute to monetary stability when the economy is hit by technology shocks. Additionally, we nd that introducing capital requirements on banks reduces the volatility of lending, house prices, output and in ation only marginally relative to an LTV ratio on mortgage borrowing. Finally, we show that DSR limits lead to an increase in the volatility of real house prices and to a signi cant decrease in the volatility of lending, consumption and in ation, since they remove the link between house price shocks and mortgage borrowing. Overall, DSR limits are welfare improving relative to any other macroprudential tool. Keywords: Macroprudential Policy, Monetary Policy, Leverage Ratio, A ordability Constraint, Collateral Constraint. JEL classi cation: E44, E58, G21, G28. *Bank of England, Durham University Business School and Centre for Macroeconomics; Email: stephen.millard@bankofengland.co.uk. Nottingham University; Email: Margarita.Rubio@nottingham.ac.uk. Wadham College, Oxford; Email: alexandra.varadi@wadham.ox. ac.uk. This paper represents the views of its authors and should not be taken to represent the views of the Bank of England or its policy committees. The authors are grateful for helpful comments and feedback from seminar participants at the Bank of England, Dynare Conference, Edinburgh University and the 2019 European Monetary Forum.
The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Region , Norway , 30 . The eocrinoid genera Cryptocrinites , Rhipidocystis and Bockia

Eocrinoids are recognized in the Oslo Region for the first time, and comprise three genera: Cryptocrinites, Bockia and Rhipidocystis. Six new species Bockia mirabi/is, Bockia grava, Bockia heintzi, Bockia sp. A, Cryptocrinites? similis and Rhipidocystis norvegica are established. The fauna is similar to that of lngennanland and Estonia in the USSR. The restricted stratigraphical and geographical distribution of individual species shows a high degree of specialization of these taxa. The appendages of Rhipidocystis norvegica and Bockia mirabilis are well preserved. Bockia has erect biserial pinnate 'arms' with biserial brachioles, a unique feature of food-gathering appendages in primitive echinoderms. The class Eocrinoidea does not form a natura! unit in its present taxonomic state. The wide spectrum of morphological characters present confuses rather than clarifies the taxonomic relationship between members of the class. J. Fredrik Bockelie, Paleontologisk museum, Sars gate l, Oslo S, Norway Present address: J. Fredrik Bockelie, Norsk Hydro a.s. , Postboks 490 N-1301 Sandvika, Norway.
Restriction‐Site‐Associated DNA Sequencing Reveals a Cryptic Viburnum Species on the North American Coastal Plain

&NA; Species are the starting point for most studies of ecology and evolution, but the proper circumscription of species can be extremely difficult in morphologically variable lineages, and there are still few convincing examples of molecularly informed species delimitation in plants. Here, we focus on the Viburnum nudum complex, a highly variable clade that is widely distributed in eastern North America. Taxonomic treatments have mostly divided this complex into northern (V. nudum var. cassinoides) and southern (V. nudum var. nudum) entities, but additional names have been proposed. We used multiple lines of evidence, including RADseq, morphological, and geographic data, to test how many independently evolving lineages exist within the V. nudum complex. Genetic clustering and phylogenetic methods revealed three distinct groups—one lineage that is highly divergent, and two others that are recently diverged and morphologically similar. A combination of evidence that includes reciprocal monophyly, lack of introgression, and discrete rather than continuous patterns of variation supports the recognition of all three lineages as separate species. These results identify a surprising case of cryptic diversity in which two broadly sympatric species have consistently been lumped in taxonomic treatments. The clarity of our findings is directly related to the dense sampling and high‐quality genetic data in this study. We argue that there is a critical need for carefully sampled and integrative species delimitation studies to clarify species boundaries even in well‐known plant lineages. Studies following the model that we have developed here are likely to identify many more cryptic lineages and will fundamentally improve our understanding of plant speciation and patterns of species richness.
Integration of Discrete Wavelet Transform, DBSCAN, and Classifiers for Efficient Content Based Image Retrieval

In the domain of computer vision, the efficient representation of an image feature vector for the retrieval of images remains a significant problem. Extensive research has been undertaken on Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) using various descriptors, and machine learning algorithms with certain descriptors have significantly improved the performance of these systems. In this proposed research, a new scheme for CBIR was implemented to address the semantic gap issue and to form an efficient feature vector. This technique was based on the histogram formation of query and dataset images. The auto-correlogram of the images was computed w.r. t RGB format, followed by a moment’s extraction. To form efficient feature vectors, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) in a multi-resolution framework was applied. A codebook was formed using a density-based clustering approach known as Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). The similarity index was computed using the Euclidean distance between the feature vector of the query image and the dataset images. Different classifiers, like Support Vector (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Decision Tree, were used for the classification of images. The set experiment was performed on three publicly available datasets, and the performance of the proposed framework was compared with another state of the proposed frameworks which have had a positive performance in terms of accuracy.
Parental Involvement Initiatives: An Analysis

Educational policies have increasingly promoted parental involvement as a mechanism for improving student outcomes. Few jurisdictions have provided funding for this priority. In Ontario, Canada, the province’s Parents Reaching Out Grants program allows parents to apply for funding for a parental involvement initiative that addresses a local barrier to parent participation. This study categorizes initiatives (N = 11,171) amounting to approximately 10 million dollars (Can$) in funding from 2009 to 2014 and compares them across school settings. Although results show several key contextual differences, parents across settings identify relatively similar needs for enabling parental involvement, emphasizing parenting approaches for supporting well-being (e.g., nutrition, mental health, and technology use) and skills for home-based learning. However, Epstein’s widely used parental involvement typology conceals these prominent aspects of parental involvement. A modified model of parental involvement is presented that may serve as a guide for enhancing parent participation.
Informal employment and work health risks: Evidence from Cambodia

Workplace safety is a topical issue in public policy debates in industrializing countries like Cambodia where high economic growth rates have yet to translate into higher job quality. This paper studies the relationship between informal employment and occupational health using the 2012 Cambodia Labour Force Survey. I estimate probit models and find that informal employment on its own is associated with a significant increase in the probability of work injury/illness. However in the most complete specification with controls for personal, job and firm characteristics, the effect of informal employment turns out to be small in magnitide and statistically insignificant. I discuss possible explanations for this finding. Results from this analysis suggest that in a context of weak administrative capacity for the enforcement of labour regulations, as is the case in Cambodia, work health risks are a concern across the board, not just in the informal sector.
eficit in BDNF does not increase vulnerability to stress but dampens ntidepressant-like effects in the unpredictable chronic mild stress

Despite growing evidences of an association between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and antidepressant effects, the neurotrophic hypothesis of depression is challenged by the paucity of direct links between BDNF deficit and depressive-like behaviors. The unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) paradigm might take our understanding a step further by examining whether a decrease in bdnf expression can lead to enhanced vulnerability to stress and prevent antidepressant efficacy in all or specific UCMS-induced alterations. Wild-type bdnf+/+ and heterozygous bdnf+/− mice were exposed to an 8-week UCMS regimen and, from the third week onward, treated with either vehicle or imipramine (20 mg/kg/day, ip). Physical, behavioral and biological (plasma corticosterone levels, bdnf expression in the dentate gyrus) measures were further analyzed regarding to the genotype and the treatment. Heterozygous bdnf+/− mice displayed hyperactivity and increase of body weight but no enhancement of the sensitivity to stress expoovelty-suppressed feeding test esident/intruder test ail suspension test sure in all the measures investigated here. In contrast, while imipramine treatment reduced anxiety-like behaviors in the novelty-suppressed feeding test in both genotypes, it decreased aggressiveness in the resident/intruder test and immobility in the tail suspension test in wild-type but not in heterozygous mice. Furthermore, imipramine induced a twofold increase of bdnf expression in the dentate gyrus in both genotypes, while bdnf+/− mice displayed roughly half-reduced level for the same treatment. In summary, we demonstrate here that depletion in BDNF dampened the antidepressant effects in several behaviors erab but failed to increase vuln
Pitch Angle Misalignment Correction Based on Benchmarking and Laser Scanner Measurement in Wind Farms

In addition to human error, manufacturing tolerances for blades and hubs cause pitch angle misalignment in wind turbines. As a consequence, a significant number of turbines used by existing wind farms experience power production loss and a reduced turbine lifetime. Existing techniques, such as photometric technology and laser-based methods, have been used in the wind industry for on-field pitch measurements. However, in some cases, regular techniques have difficulty achieving good and accurate measurements of pitch angle settings, resulting in pitch angle errors that require cost-effective correction on wind farms. Here, the authors present a novel patented method based on laser scanner measurements. The authors applied this new method and achieved successful improvements in the Annual Energy Production of various wind farms. This technique is a benchmarking-based approach for pitch angle calibration. Two case studies are introduced to demonstrate the effectiveness of the pitch angle calibration method to yield Annual Energy Production increase.