Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Myths about bovine milk and their counteracting: A review

Several myths prevalent about bovine milk have been discussed to counteract them with scientific support. Milk has long been recognized as the most complete single food available in nature and unfounded and misleading beliefs have been propagated about the cow and buffalo milk, though the balanced quantity of milk in balanced diet is always beneficial for the improvement of health and avoiding cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, colon cancer, etc.
Protein kinase CK2 mediates the signaling pathway of BDNF through phosphorylating NF- κ B to increase the anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL gene expression

Protein kinase CK2 (Casein kinase II) is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase that is associated with the anti-apoptosis. The previous studies revealed that CK2 can be elevated and mediate the neurotrophic responses by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). However, its action and the behind mechanisms are rarely focused on the nervous system. In the present studies, we found that BDNF increased the Bcl-xL gene expression correlative with CK2 activity and NF- κ B phosphorylation in the hippocampal CA1 region. Transfection of the wildtype CK2 α and the catalytically inactive CK2 α 156A mutant increased and decreased the Ser529 phosphorylation on NF- κ B parallel with the anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL gene expression, respectively. Further, inhibition of CK2 would reverse the enhance effects of BDNF on Bcl-xL and NF- κ B. Over-expression of mutant NF κ BS529A would antagonize the increase effect on Bcl-xL mRNA either by BDNF treatment or by wildtype CK2 α transfection. These results together suggest that CK2 might mediate an alternative signaling pathway for BDNF through directly phosphorylating NF- κ B to increase the anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL gene expression.
COMPARATIVE ACCURACY OF THE SPLINTED AND UNSPLINTED IMPRESSION METHODS FOR INTERNAL CONNECTION

Statement of problem. Accurate impression is essential to success of implant prostheses. But there have been few studies about the accuracy of fixture-level impression techniques in internal connection implant systems. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of two fixture-level impression techniques in two conditions (parallel and divergent) and to assess the effect of tightening sequences and forces on stresses generated on superstructures in internal connection implant system (Astra Tech). Material and methods. Two metal master frameworks made from two abutments (Cast-to Abutment ST) each and a corresponding, passively fitting, dental stone master cast with four fixture replicas (Fixture Replica ST) were fabricated. Ten dental stone casts for each impression techniques (direct unsplinted & splinted technique) were made with vinyl polysiloxane impressions from the master cast. Strain gauges for each framework were fixed midway between abutments to measure the degree of framework deformation on each stone cast. Pairs of strain gauges placed opposite each other constituted one channel (half Wheatstone bridge) to read deformation in four directions (superior, inferior, anterior, and posterior). Deformation data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey test at the . 01 level of significance. And the effect of tightening sequences (right-to-left and left-to-right) and forces (10 Ncm and 20 Ncm) were assessed with ten stone casts made from parallel condition by the splinted technique. Deformation data were analyzed using paired t-test at the . 01 level of significance. Conclusions. Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions could be drawn. 1. Frameworks bent toward the inferior side on all casts made by both direct unsplinted and splinted impression techniques in both parallel and divergent conditions. 2. There was no statistically significant difference of accuracy between the direct unsplinted and splinted impression techniques in both parallel and divergent conditions (P>.01). 3. There was no statistically significant difference of stress according to screw tightening sequences in casts made by the splinted impression technique in parallel condition (P>.01). 4. Greater tightening force resulted in greater stress in casts made by the splinted impression technique in parallel condition (P<.01).
Verapamil is associated with an increased risk of cancer in the elderly: the Rotterdam study

The association between the use of calcium channel blockers (CCB) and cancer has received ample attention, but is still con-troversial. In this study, we have tested the hypothesis that the observed association between CCB and cancer in earlier studies could be explained by residual confounding or by misclassiﬁcation of exposure because of the use of cross-sectional data on drug use. Data from the Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based cohort study in the municipal area Ommoord, were used. The study population consisted of a cohort of 3204 participants aged 71 years or older who were followed from a baseline interview in the period 1991–1993 for the occurrence of incident cancer. Data on drug use were gathered at baseline and through the seven community pharmacies which served the Ommoord region during the study period between 1 January 1991 and 1 January 1999. Incident cancer events were gathered from a nationwide registry of hospitalisation data and from a specialised cancer centre in the Rotterdam region. We performed three analyses. First, we followed the method, and adjusted for the same risk factors, as in the earlier studies. In the second analysis, we included all risk factors that were univariately associated with cancer in the Rotterdam Study. In the third analysis, we included exposure to CCBs as time-varying co-variates, while adjusting for potential confounders. The relative risk (RR) of cancer associated with CCB was 1.4 (95% Conﬁdence Interval (CI): 0.9–2.0) in the ﬁrst analysis and lowered to 1.2 (95% CI: 0.8–1.8) upon adjustment for the diﬀerent co-variates in the second. In both analyses, however, verapamil was signiﬁcantly associated with cancer with RRs of 2.1 (95% CI: 1.1–4.0) and 2.0 (1.01–3.9), respectively, whereas no associations were found with the other CCB in this study, i.e. diltiazem and nifedipine. A signiﬁcantly increased risk of cancer was found for intermediate daily doses of verapamil and diltiazem. Intake of other antihypertensives such as b -blocking agents, diuretics and ACE-inhibitors was not associated with cancer. In the third analysis with exposure to CCB as time-varying co-variates, the risk increase was non-signiﬁcant for use of 2 years or less, 1.0 (95% CI: 0.7–1.5), and for use for a cumulative period of more than 2 years, 1.3 (95% CI: 0.8–2.0). However, in all models the hazard ratio was statistically signiﬁcantly increased for verapamil, but not for diltiazem and nifedipine. On the basis of these analyses, we found no increase in cancer in users of diltiazem and nifedipine, nor in users of other antihypertensives. In line with earlier studies, however, we found an increased risk of cancer in users of verapamil. At variance with the conclusions from several other studies, we think that it is too early to conclude that CCB are not associated with cancer. # 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Tax Revenue and the Nigerian Economy

: This study examines tax revenue and the Nigeria economy from 2000 – 2017: A number of related studies have shown that tax revenue contributed to economic growth. Yet some researchers observed that tax is discriminatory in the sense that it is assessed on persons or property based on profits or income, the benefits derived by citizens from tax payment is without reference to the contribution of individual tax payers. The main objective of the study was to study the effect of tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin of various editions. The study adopted the ex-post facto research design while ordinary least square regression techniques was used to process the data gathered using E-view 8.0 software. The null hypotheses (Ho) were tested at 5% level of significance. the findings revealed that there is insignificant effect of tax revenue on economic growth under the period study and concluded that personal income tax and company income tax affect economic growth in Nigeria either negatively or positively. The study recommends among others that it beholds on Nigeria government to remove the problem of multiple taxation as the presence of multiple tax discourages entrepreneurship businesses in Nigeria.
E¡ects of clinical isolates of Pseudomonasaeruginosaon Staphylococcusepidermidisbio¢lm formation

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often found in chronic infections, including cystic ﬁbrosis lung infections and those related to chronic wounds and venous ulcers. At the latter sites, P. aeruginosa can be isolated together with Staphylococcus epidermidis , and we have therefore explored the effect of clinical isolates and laboratory strains of P. aeruginosa strains on colonization by S. epidermidis in dual-species bioﬁlms. Bioﬁlm formation was assayed using 16S rRNA FISH and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Among the six P. aeruginosa strains tested, one particular strain, denoted 14:2, exerted a signiﬁcant inhibitory effect, and even after 6 h, S. epidermidis levels in dual-species bioﬁlms were reduced by 4 85% compared with those without P. aeruginosa . Interestingly, strain 14:2 was found to be negative for classical virulence determinants including pyocyanin, elastase and alkaline protease. Therefore, we suggest that less virulent phenotypes of P. aeruginosa , which may develop over time in chronic infections, could counteract colonization by S. epidermidis , ensuring persistence and dominance by P. aeruginosa in the host micro-habitat. Further studies are required to explain the inhibitory effect on S. epidermidis , although extracellular polysaccharides produced by P. aeruginosa might play a role in this phenomenon.
Progress in feline diabetes: keys to achieve diabetic remission

of diabetes is defined as a in clinical signs of diabetes blood insulin the remission of the disease-free to for a of 4 weeks before the diabetes is to in remission al, al, cats had experienced diabetic remission at the of of the in cats, baseline insulin low or within the reference range and did not increase after IV glucagon mimicking type 1 diabetes. A second glucagon test, performed after remission had an immediate and significant increase in insulin concentration similar to in healthy cats. Histological evaluation of the pancreas revealed decreased numbers of islets, islet amyloidosis and vacuolar degeneration of islet cells. This study demonstrates that initial insulin secretion is severely even in cats with the potential of remission, and the glucagon the time of is not helpful to predict remission. The study also islet
Microanatomical Studies on the Testis of the Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

The testes of emu were enclosed by a thick capsule consisting of an outer tunica serosa, middle fibrous layer and inner tunica vasculosa. Despite the presence of small amount of septa there was no distinct lobulation of the testis Melanocytes scattered in the capsule and interstitial tissue were responsible for the dark coloration of the testes. The seminiferous tubules were lined by a stratified epithelium and showed two basic cell types: sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells. During breeding season, the seminiferous tubules had wide tubular diameter and showed very thick germinal epithelium. The testicular morphology changed markedly during non breeding season. The testes showed intense to moderate PAS reaction. Breeding season testes showed moderate reaction for cholesterol in Leydig cells. The Alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and Acid phosphatase (ACP) activities were intense in testes.
Relationship Between Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity and Its Role in Development of Type 2 Diabetes: Beyond the Disposition Index

We assessed whether the relationship between insulin secretion and sensitivity predicted development of type 2 diabetes in American Indians participating in a longitudinal epidemiologic study. At baseline, when all participants did not have diabetes, 1,566 underwent oral tests and 420 had intravenous measures of glucose regulation, with estimates of insulin secretion and sensitivity. Standardized major axis regression was used to study the relationship between secretion and sensitivity. Distances away from and along the regression line estimated compensatory insulin secretion and secretory demand, respectively. This relationship differed according to glucose tolerance and BMI category. The distance away from the line is similar to the disposition index (DI), de ﬁ ned as the product of estimated secretion and sensitivity, but the regression line may differ from a line with constant DI (i.e., it is not necessarily hyper-bolic). Participants with the same DI but different levels of insulin secretion and sensitivity had different incidence rates of diabetes; lower sensitivity with higher secretory demand was associated with greater diabetes risk. Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, analyzed together, predict diabetes better than DI alone. Physiologically, this may re ﬂ ect long-term risk associated with increased allostatic load resulting from the stimulation of insulin hypersecretion by increased glycemia.
Efficacy of Piezosurgery versus Conventional Techniques in the Surgical Extraction of Third Molars: A Systematic Review

A limited number of studies have compared piezosurgery with conventional methods in extraction of impacted third molars. To date, no systematic review of the literature analyzing the efficacy of chisels, rotary instruments, and piezosurgery in the extraction of impacted third molars has been reported. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the efficacy of chisels, rotary instruments, and piezosurgery in the extraction of impacted third molars. To address the focused question, “Is there a difference in efficacy between piezosurgery and conventional techniques in extraction of impacted third molars? ”, we searched indexed databases through February 2016 using various key words “piezosurgery”; “piezoelectric”; “impaction”; “third molars” and “extraction”. Letters to the editor, commentaries, historic reviews, and experimental studies were excluded. The pattern of the present systematic review was customized to primarily summarize the pertinent data. Thirteen studies were included with 1251 subjects. A discrepancy in the reported results and conclusions was observed in the included studies. From the literature reviewed, there seems to be no difference between using chisels, rotary instruments, or piezosurgery in efficiently extracting impacted third molars; however, further well-designed controlled clinical trials are needed in this regard. We conclude that selection of technique depends on operator preference.
University of Birmingham linc1 encodes a long noncoding RNA that regulates islet -cell formation and function

Pancreatic β cells are responsible for maintaining glucose homeostasis; their absence or malfunction results in diabetes mellitus. Although there is evidence that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in development and disease, none have been investigated in vivo in the context of pancreas development. In this study, we demonstrate that β linc1 ( β -cell long intergenic noncoding RNA 1 ), a conserved lncRNA, is necessary for the specification and function of insulin-producing β cells through the coordinated regulation of a number of islet-specific transcription factors located in the genomic vicinity of β linc1 . Furthermore, deletion of β linc1 results in defective islet development and disruption of glucose homeostasis in adult mice.
Knowledge and Awareness of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women in Abakaliki Nigeria

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic in Nigeria and about 9-12% of Nigerians are chronic carriers. Informed knowledge of pregnant women about HBV influences the acceptability, practice and success of antenatal screening of Hepatitis B virus. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 400 pregnant women accessing antenatal care at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki. A pretested questionnaire was administered to women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and gave consent. Analysis of results was done using the IBM SPSS Statistics, version 20, 2011. Statistical level of significance was set at P – value < 0.05. Results: The result showed that 258 (62.5%) of the respondents have heard of HBV infection. Two hundred and eighty six (71.5%) were aware of its occurrence in pregnancy while only 99 (24.8%) knew that hepatitis is a viral infection affecting the liver, 27 (6.8%) thought it is an eye disease while 210 (52.5%) do not know. Mother-to-child transmission and transfusion of unscreened blood were recognized by 283 (72.94%) and 41 (10.3%)of respondents, respectively. Level of Education and parity were associated with the awareness of hepatitis (p-value. 001). Conclusion: This study shows that there is lack of knowledge and awareness of Hepatitis B virus infection in our environment.
Long-Term Survival in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Is Worse After Low-Activity Initial Post-Surgical 131 I Therapy in Both High- and Low-Risk Patients

Context: Recent trial results have revived interest in low-activity initial 131 I therapy (RIT) of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Objective: This study sought to compare different initial 131 I activities for outcome. Design and Setting: A database study was performed in a University hospital. Patients: 1298 DTC patients were included (698 low risk, 434 high risk M0, and 136 M1), grouped accordingtoablationactivity(I, (cid:2) 2000MBq[54mCi];II,2000–3000MBq[54–81mCi];andIII, (cid:2) 3000 MBq [81 mCi]), subdivided by age ( (cid:3) 45 and (cid:3) 45 y at diagnosis). Main Outcome Measures: Complete remission (CR, defined as thyroglobulin [Tg] below functional sensitivity combined with visually negative 131 I diagnostic whole-body scintigraphy), recurrence, DTC-specific mortality, and relative survival rates were studied. Results: Low-risk patients: In patients (cid:3) 45 years, a lower median cumulative activity was required to achieve CR in group III (3590 MBq) than in groups I (8050 MBq) and II (6300 MBq). In patients at least 45 years of age, DTC-specific mortality was significantly higher in group I than in groups II and III (15-y: 16.1 (cid:4) 7.7%, 0.8 (cid:4) 0.8%, and 7.2 (cid:4) 5.5%, respectively; P (cid:5) . 004). High-risk M0 patients: In patients at least 45 years of age, the recurrence rate (15-y: 44.4 (cid:4) 16.6%, 24.1 (cid:4) 7.6%, and 8.6 (cid:4) 3.9%; P (cid:5) . 001) and DTC-specific mortality (15-y: 51.8 (cid:4) 15.8%, 13.2 (cid:4) 4.4%, and 9.5 (cid:4) 3.7%; P (cid:5) . 004) were significantly higher in group I than in groups II and III. M1 patients: There were no significant differences in survival results between different activity groups in either age category. Conclusion: Before adopting low initial activity RIT for, especially older, low-risk patients , results of long-term followup should be regarded critically. Low-activity RIT in older, high-risk patients is not to be recommended. ( J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99: 4487–4496, 2014)
Acute Gastroenteritis, Hepatitis, Pneumonitis, Myocarditis and Pericarditis after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Injection in a Young Adult

Acute Gastroenteritis, Hepatitis, Pneumonitis, Myocarditis and Pericarditis after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Injec tion in a COVID-19 is a disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The introduction of vaccines against COVID-19 caused great impacts in decreasing the severity of disease and in reducing further infection. However, COVID-19 vaccination related adverse events have caused a great concern in the public. We recently had an unusual case who presented with multi-organ involvement after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination. The history was reported and the literatures were reviewed. BNT: BioNTech COVID-19; DOE: Dyspnea on Exertion; PCT: Procalcitonin; CT: Computed Tomography; CV: Cardiovascular; CDC: Centers for Disease Control; MIS-C: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children; ATAGI: Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunization; CSANZ: Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand; CK: Creatine Kinase; GOT: Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase; GPT: Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase; ALP: Alkaline Phosphatase; Bil. (T), Bil. (D): Total Bilirubin Or Direct Bilirubin; CK: Creatine Phosphokinase; CK-MB: Creatine Phosphokinase-MB Isoenzyme; Pro-BNP: NT-Pro-BNP or N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide; CRP: C-Reactive Protein
Pruning Algorithms for One-hidden-layer Feedforward Neural Networks

: In the article we propose randomized algoritms based on a modiﬁcation of probabilistic proof of theorem on rates of approximation in convex closures from [DDGS93]. On high-level we derive time complexities of the proposed algorithms and compare them to iterative algorithms in several concrete situations. Observing properties of one type of probabilistic algorithm we propose it as a solution for pruning a too big neural network. We derive theoretically bounds on error such introduced. Too big networks arise for example from regularized minimization problems. We overview kernel-based regularization and propose use of the probabilistic algorithm. Further we discuss new types of composite kernels and their advantages. Experiments on use of probabilistic pruning on these schemas are running.
Contaminating Proteins Antigenic Peptides and Not from Protein gp96 Derives from Chaperoned Specific Immunogenicity of Heat Shock

The peptide-binding property of MHC is central to adaptive immunological functions. A similar property of heat shock proteins (HSPs) hsp70 and hsp90 has been implicated in Ag presentation by MHC and in cross-priming. The peptide-binding pocket of hsp70 has been characterized structurally and functionally and a peptide-binding site in gp96 (of hsp90 family) has been deﬁned. Nonetheless, questions persist whether the speciﬁc immunogenicity of HSP preparations derives from the peptides chaperoned by the HSPs or by proteins contaminating the HSP preparations. Because absolute purity of a protein preparation is a metaphysical concept, other approaches are necessary to address the question. In this study, we demonstrate that the speciﬁc immunogenicity of gp96 preparations isolated from cells expressing (cid:1) -galactosidase derives from the MHC I epitope precursors associated with the gp96 and not from contaminating (cid:1) -galactosidase protein nor unassociated fragments derived from it. Although the observations here are limited to a single HSP and antigenic peptides chaperoned by it, they can be extended broadly. The Journal of Immunology, 2007, 179: 7254–7261.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES EXPERIMENTING WITH ENTREPRENEURSHIP: THE EFFECT OF JOB-PROTECTED LEAVE

Do potential entrepreneurs remain in wage employment because of the danger that they will face worse job opportunities should their entrepreneurial ventures fail? Using a Canadian reform that extended job-protected leave to one year for women giving birth after a cutoff date, we study whether the option to return to a previous job increases entrepreneurship. A regression discontinuity design reveals that longer job-protected leave increases entrepreneurship by 1.8 percentage points. The results are driven by more educated entrepreneurs, starting firms that survive at least five years and hire paid employees, in industries where experimentation is more valuable. Joshua D. Gottlieb Vancouver School of Economics University of British Columbia 6000 Iona Drive Vancouver, BC V6T 1L4 CANADA and NBER joshua.gottlieb@ubc.ca Richard R. Townsend University of California, San Diego Rady School of Management 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, CA 92093 rrtownsend@ucsd.edu Ting Xu Sauder School of Business University of British Columbia 2053 Main Mall Vancouver, V6T1Z2, BC Canada ting.xu@sauder.ubc.ca