Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-resolution genotyping of Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) strains of Chlamydia trachomatis in London using multi-locus VNTR analysis-ompA genotyping (MLVA-ompA)

Background Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis strains with ompA genotypes L1 to L3. An LGV epidemic associated with the L2b genotype has emerged in the past few decades amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). C. trachomatis genotypes can be discriminated by outer membrane protein A gene (ompA) sequencing, however this method has limited resolution. This study employed a high-resolution genotyping method, namely, multi-locus tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis with ompA sequencing (MLVA-ompA), to assess the distribution of LGV MLVA-ompA genotypes amongst individuals attending genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics in London. Methods Clinical specimens were collected from individuals attending eight London-based GUM clinics. Specimens that tested positive for C. trachomatis by commercial nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) were confirmed as LGV by pmpH real-time PCR. LGV-positive DNA extracts were subsequently genotyped using MLVA-ompA. Results Two hundred and thirty DNA extracts were confirmed as LGV, and 162 (70%) yielded complete MLVA-ompA genotypes. Six LGV MLVA-ompA genotypes were identified: 1.9. 2b-L2, 1.9. 3b-L2b, 1.9. 2b-L2b, 1.9. 2b-L2b/D, 1.4a. 2b-L2b, and 5.9. 2b-L1. The following LGV ompA genotypes were identified (in descending order of abundance): L2, L2b, L2b/D, and L1. Eight ompA sequences with the hybrid L2b/D profile were detected. The hybrid sequence was identical to the ompA of a recombinant L2b/D strain detected in Portugal in 2017. Conclusions The L2 ompA genotype was found to predominate in the London study population. The study detected an unusual hybrid L2b/D ompA profile that was previously reported in Portugal. We recommend further monitoring and surveillance of LGV strains within the UK population.
The prognostic value of myocardial injury in COVID‐19 patients and associated characteristics

Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has emerged as an international pandemic. COVID‐19 patients with myocardial injury might need special attention. However, an understanding on this aspect remains unclear. This study aimed to illustrate clinical characteristics and the prognostic value of myocardial injury to COVID‐19 patients.
Systematic review of interventions targeting fundamental care to reduce hospital-associated decline in older patients.

AIMS To examine the effectiveness of targeted nursing interventions on mobilization, nutrition and cognitive engagement to reduce functional and hospital-associated decline (HAD) in older patients. DESIGN Systematic review of experimental studies using randomized and quasi-experimental designs. DATA SOURCES We searched electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, google scholar and BMJ quality reports from January 2009 to February 2020. REVIEW METHODS We reviewed intervention studies that targeted ward nursing teams to increase mobilization, nutrition or cognitive engagement of older adults. Inclusion criteria included older patients, acute care (medical, surgical and older adult wards) and reporting patient level outcomes. Quality appraisal included the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies. RESULTS From 1729 papers, 18 studies using quasi-experimental and pre-post designs were selected. Study heterogeneity necessitated a narrative synthesis. The quality of evidence was low to moderate. All studies used multicomponent strategies, and 10 studies used evidence translation frameworks to align interventions to local barriers. Overall, 74% (n = 14) of studies reported a significant improvement in the stated primary outcome. Eight studies reported a significant increase in mobilization (e.g., sitting in a chair or walking), and four reported improved functional outcomes. Five studies improved nutrition outcomes (e.g., protein or energy intake), and three studies reported a significant reduction in delirium. CONCLUSION Acknowledging methodological limitations, the evidence indicates that nursing teams using evidence-translation frameworks can improve mobilization, nutrition and cognitive engagement in acute care settings. Future research requires higher-quality pragmatic trial designs, standardized outcomes, staff co-designed interventions, evidence-translation frameworks and patient engagement to make more confident inference about effectiveness. IMPACT Nursing teams with the support of hospital management have to address ward and system barriers to prioritize fundamental care to improve patient outcomes. There is sufficient evidence on multicomponent interventions and implementation strategies to inform nurse-led quality improvement.
Performance and return to sport after injury in professional mixed martial arts

ABSTRACT Background Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) is an increasingly popular combat sport incorporating striking and grappling that results in a high incidence of injuries. Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of injuries on the return to sport and post-injury performance of professional MMA athletes. We hypothesize that increased age is associated with lower probability of return to sport and diminished post-injury performance. Methods Publicly available data (obtained from ESPN.com/MMA, UFC.com, Rotowire.com/MMA) from professional MMA fighters who resigned from fight cards due to injury from 2012 to 2014 were analyzed. Injury history, match history and outcomes, and duration of time to return to professional fighting were recorded and compared to a cohort consisting of uninjured opponents. Results 454 fighters were included in the analysis. The mean age at the time of injury was 30.0±3.9 years. 94.4% of injured athletes were able to return to professional MMA, and athletes required a mean duration of 6.8±6.7 months between injury and their next professional fight (range 0.3–58 months). There was no significant difference in winning percentage in the post-injury period between the injured group and the uninjured group (p = 0.691). Increased age at the time of injury was associated with the odds of being able to return to professional fighting after injury (OR = 0.822, p = 0.001). Conclusion In this analysis of publicly available injury data on MMA fighters, there was a high rate of return to professional sport and no evidence of an associated decline in performance following major injury requiring withdrawal from a fight card. Older age at the time of injury was associated with decreased odds of being able to return to professional fighting. With increasing popularity of combat sports, sport-specific prognostic information will help guide and treat specific injuries associated with MMA participation.
Risk of impacts from extreme weather and climate in river-based tilapia cage culture in Northern Thailand

This paper analyses the direct impacts of extreme weather, high and low flow events, seasonality and other climate-related phenomena on river-based tilapia cage aquaculture in Northern Thailand. An interdisciplinary approach was taken, which included analysis of secondary water flow and meteorological data, quantitative and qualitative surveys of farmers' experiences with extreme events, and direct observations during critical periods. Findings show that extreme high and low flows adversely impact a substantial fraction of farms, causing damage to cages, fish deaths, slow growth and disease problems. Economic losses are significant and result in financial debt. Compensation and assistance following floods is modest relative to losses, and coverage is incomplete. Probability of extreme flows and impacts vary among locations, are highly seasonal, and vary inter-annually. These findings are important to improving management of climate-related risks, under both current and future climatic conditions.
Polymer‐free Biolimus‐A9 coated thin strut stents for patients at high bleeding risk 1‐year results from the LEADERS FREE III study

In patients at high bleeding risk (HBR), the LEADERS FREE (LF) trial established the safety and efficacy of a polymer‐free drug coated (Biolimus‐A9) stainless steel stent (SS‐DCS) with 30 days of dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT). In LEADERS FREE III, we studied a new cobalt‐chromium thin‐strut stent (CoCr‐DCS) in HBR patients.
Effect of aerobically treated manure on odorous material emissions from a swine finishing barn equipped with a continuous pit recirculation system

Objective This study was conducted to determine reduction of various odorous materials from a swine farm equipped with a continuous pit recirculation system (CPRS) with aerobically treated liquid manure. Methods The CPRS is used in swine farms in South Korea, primarily to improve air quality in pig houses. In this study, CPRS consists of a manure aerobic treatment system and a fit recirculation system; the solid fraction is separated and composted, whereas the aerobically treated liquid fraction (290.0%±21.0% per day of total stored swine slurry) is continuously returned to the pit. Four confinement pig barns in three piggery farms were used; two were equipped with CPRS and the other two operated a slurry pit under the slatted floor. Results All chemical contents of slurry pit manure in the control were greater than those of slurry pit manure in the CRPS treatment (p<0.05). Electrical conductivity and pH contents did not differ among treatments. The biological oxygen demand of the slurry pit treatment was greater than that of the other treatments (p<0.05). Total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen contents of the slurry pit treatment were greater than those of other treatments (p<0.05). Odor intensity of the CPRS treatment was lower than that of the control at indoor, exhaust, and outside sampling points (p<0.05). The temperature and carbon dioxide of the CPRS treatment in the pig barn was significantly lower than those of control (p<0.05). All measured odorous material contents of the CPRS group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion The CPRS application in pig farms is considered a good option as it continuously reduces the organic load of animal manure and lowers the average odorant concentration below the threshold of detecting odorous materials.
COVID-19 in schools: Mitigating classroom clusters in the context of variable transmission

Widespread school closures occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Because closures are costly and damaging, many jurisdictions have since reopened schools with control measures in place. Early evidence indicated that schools were low risk and children were unlikely to be very infectious, but it is becoming clear that children and youth can acquire and transmit COVID-19 in school settings and that transmission clusters and outbreaks can be large. We describe the contrasting literature on school transmission, and argue that the apparent discrepancy can be reconciled by heterogeneity, or “overdispersion” in transmission, with many exposures yielding little to no risk of onward transmission, but some unfortunate exposures causing sizeable onward transmission. In addition, respiratory viral loads are as high in children and youth as in adults, pre- and asymptomatic transmission occur, and the possibility of aerosol transmission has been established. We use a stochastic individual-based model to find the implications of these combined observations for cluster sizes and control measures. We consider both individual and environment/activity contributions to the transmission rate, as both are known to contribute to variability in transmission. We find that even small heterogeneities in these contributions result in highly variable transmission cluster sizes in the classroom setting, with clusters ranging from 1 to 20 individuals in a class of 25. None of the mitigation protocols we modeled, initiated by a positive test in a symptomatic individual, are able to prevent large transmission clusters unless the transmission rate is low (in which case large clusters do not occur in any case). Among the measures we modeled, only rapid universal monitoring (for example by regular, onsite, pooled testing) accomplished this prevention. We suggest approaches and the rationale for mitigating these larger clusters, even if they are expected to be rare.
Evaluation of radiation awareness among oral health care providers in South Africa

INTRODUCTION Author affiliations: 1. Piret Vilborn: BDS, MA Health Management (Finland), MSc Maxillofacial Radiology (UP), Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa. ORCID Number: 0000-0001-8296-1689 2. Andre Uys: BChD (UP), MSc Maxillofacial Radiology(UP), PhD (UP), Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa. ORCID Number: 0000-0001-8250-7662 3. Zarah Yakoob: BChD (UWC), PG Dip Dent Maxillofacial Radiology (UWC), MSc Maxillofacial Radiology (UWC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa. ORCID Number: 0000-0003-1966-5574 4. Tanita Cronje: BSc (Hons) Mathematical Statistics (UP), MSc Mathematical Statistics (UP), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, South Africa. ORCID Number: 0000-0002-8861-4466 Corresponding author: Piret Vilborn Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. P.O. box 195, Highveldpark Postal Office, Southdowns 0123, City of Tshwane, Republic of South Africa. Email: vilborn@gmail.com Author contributions: 1. Piret Vilborn: Principal researcher, write up 40% 2. Andre Uys: Supervisor, review and revision of write-up 30% 3. Zarah Yakoob: Co-supervisor, review and revision of write-up 20% 4. Tanita Cronje: Data analyses and revision of write-up 10% RESEARCH 122 >
The Role of Value co-Creation in the Happiness of the Students

Abstract Universities from developing countries face the challenge of improving academic performance and educational quality. Student value co-creation can be a service strategy to achieve well-being in students and improve university services. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of value co-creation in happiness. The sample size comprised 525 Peruvian students, and the survey technique was self-administered questionnaires. The hypotheses were examined using a Structural Equation Model (SEM). It was demonstrated that value co-creation has a positive impact on happiness. This finding provides practical and theoretical implications.
Preference and Design Variability on Umbrella Tents Built by Artibeus watsoni on Two Sympatric Carludovica Species (Cyclanthaceae) in Costa Rica

Neotropical tent roosting bats are in the family Phyllostomidae, in which Artibeus watsoni uses the greatest diversity of plants as a roost. Currently, eight styles of tents are known, and their descriptions are based on leaf size, shape, and the number of cuts needed to create it. Here, we describe the preference for the construction, tent design, and occupation of palmate umbrella tents that A. watsoni built in two sympatric Carludovica species in a Costa Rican tropical rainforest. We predicted a preference by A. watsoni to build tents between the sympatric Carludovica species due to leaf differences or other variables of selection. We also explored the spatial distribution of multiple tent designs. Ten rectangular plots (500 × 20 m) were established, and we counted the number of plants, leaves, and tents of each plant species, as well as to explored the spatial distribution of the tent designs. We found a total of 1787 plants (9222 leaves) of C. drudei and 640 plants (3732 leaves) of C. rotundifolia. The proportion of tents per leaf in each plant species was significantly higher in C. drudei than in C. rotundifolia, and those differences were significant (Z = -2.83, d.f. = 4, P < 0.01). We described six tent designs for the umbrella architecture (semicircle, combined, heart, triangle, spatula, and partial). The abundance of these designs varied significantly between the Carludovica species. Our results suggest that A. watsoni exhibits a preference among sympatric plants of the same genus. However, this is a complex and dynamic process that depends on multiple variables. This is the first study systematically describing the tent designs that A. watsoni creates within the palmate umbrella tents. These findings contribute to the knowledge of tent roosting bats in the Neotropics and provide more insight into the complexity of their behavior.
Synanthropic habitats of the Mediterranean recluse spider Loxosceles rufescens (Araneae: Sicariidae) in central Italy

Abstract The Mediterranean recluse spider Loxosceles rufescens (Dufour, 1820) is a public health concern due to its ability to inject venom that can cause skin lesions, referred to as loxoscelism. The spreading alarmism about recluse spiders which recently arose in Italy made it advisable to deepen knowledge about L. rufescens habitat preferences in human housing. Here, we report 14 confirmed cases of its occurrence in synanthropic habitats, and describe the housing characteristics. Our results pinpoint that traditional Italian houses of central Italy, in medieval towns and countryside, can be suitable for recluse spider colonization. The main features include the presence of walls of stone (with cracks and crevices), cellars, false ceilings, crawl spaces, wood materials (woodshed or wooden beams), and the occurrence of prey. Further characteristics which make conditions even more suitable are: large size, complex structure, and unoccupied premises. Due to its cryptic habits, even where L. rufescens is abundant, only the deployment of traps, following the recovery of a single or few individuals, revealed severe infestations. Our results confirm an unjustified negative notoriety of recluse spiders, considering that none of the inhabitants concerned, even if living in heavily infested housing, suffered from confirmed loxoscelism.
Simple and accurate quantitative analysis of cefiderocol and ceftobiprole in human plasma using liquid chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry: interest for their therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies

Abstract Objectives Cefiderocol and ceftobiprole are new generation cephalosporin antibiotics that exhibit high inter-individual plasma concentration variability that potentially impact their efficacy or toxicity. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a selective, simple, and fast UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of cefiderocol and ceftobiprole in human plasma to enable their therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and support PK and PK/PD studies, in particular in critically ill patients. Methods After a simple and fast single-step protein precipitation, cefiderocol and ceftobiprole were separated on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column by linear gradient elution; with subsequent detection by Shimadzu MS 8060 triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in a positive ionization mode. Results Analysis time was 5 min per run. The analytical performance of the method in terms of specificity, sensitivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, matrix effect (ME), extraction recovery (ER), limit of quantification, dilution integrity, and stability of analytes under different conditions met all criteria for a bioanalytical method for the quantification of drugs. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 1–200 mg/L for cefiderocol and 0.5–100 mg/L for ceftobiprole with a linear regression coefficient above 0.995 for both. Conclusions A simple, fast, and selective liquid chroma-tography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of cefiderocol and ceftobiprole. This new method was successfully applied to the measurement of plasma concentration of cefiderocol and ceftobiprole in critically ill patients and showed good performance for their therapeutic monitoring and optimizing antibiotic therapy.
Population Data for Students with Visual Impairments in the United States

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine how many young children and students (birth to 22 years old) were identified with visual impairments and receiving special education services in the United States. Professionals estimate at least 50% of students with visual impairments have additional disabilities and are not identified as having a visual impairments for the purposes of the federal Child Count census; therefore, the differences between Child Count and states’ total population counts were explored. Methods: A mixed-methods survey was sent to each U.S. state to determine the total population of students with visual impairments (birth to 22 years old) during the 2016–2017 school year. Results: The 49 responding states reported an average total population four times greater than the number of students with visual impairments than were documented in Child Count data. Many states had limited or no data on their total population of students with visual impairments. Discussion: The findings demonstrate many states are making policy and administrative decisions based on Child Count data not their total population data of students with visual impairments (e.g., planning for 100 students with a primary disability of visual impairments rather than a total population of 405 students with visual impairments). Misuse of Child Count data contributes to underfunding and under-hiring of teachers of students with visual impairments and orientation and mobility instructors. How to address these issues at a systemic level so all students with visual impairments receive appropriate access to resources and quality instruction is also discussed. Implications for practitioners: Practitioners can use available population data across states to educate decision makers at local and state levels regarding the differences between Child Count and total population data for students with visual impairments. Statewide vision programs can also circumvent limited data collection programs at the state level by developing their own systems for total population counts of students with visual impairments.
On the structure of steady parasitic gravity-capillary waves in the small surface tension limit

Abstract When surface tension is included in the classical formulation of a steadily travelling gravity wave (a Stokes wave), it is possible to obtain solutions that exhibit parasitic ripples: small capillary waves riding on the surface of steep gravity waves. However, it is not clear whether the singular small surface tension limit is well posed. That is, is it possible for an appropriate travelling gravity-capillary wave to be continuously deformed to the classic Stokes wave in the limit of vanishing surface tension? The work of Chen & Saffman (Stud. Appl. Maths, vol. 62, issue 1, 1980, pp. 1–21) had suggested smooth continuation was not possible, while the numerical study of Schwartz & Vanden-Broeck (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 95, issue 1, 1979, pp. 119–139) used an amplitude parameter that made it difficult to understand the structure of solutions for small values of the surface tension. In this paper we numerically explore the low surface tension limit of the steep gravity-capillary travelling-wave problem. Our results allow for a classification of the bifurcation structure that arises, and serve to unify a number of previous numerical studies. Crucially, we demonstrate that different choices of solution amplitude can lead to subtle restrictions on the continuation procedure. When wave energy is used as a continuation parameter, solution branches can be continuously deformed to the zero surface tension limit of a travelling Stokes wave.