Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trace Elements Extracted by DTPA and Mehlich‐3 from Agricultural Soils with and without Compost Additions

Abstract Risks of soil contamination when waste materials are used as fertilizers have been a matter of frequent concern. The effect of compost from municipal organic waste on trace element status was examined in short‐term field trials at neighboring areas of A Coruña (northwest Spain). The study sites were characterized as medium textured soils, with a range of pHs, organic matter content, and cation exchange capacity. The objective of this work was to compare two extraction methods (DTPA and Mehlich‐3) to determine micronutrient contents in soils with and without compost additions. DTPA and Mehlich‐3 extractions were carried out, and then analyses for Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd contents were performed by ICP‐AES. Overall, DTPA was less efficient than Mehlich‐3 for Fe and Mn extraction. Lead, Ni, and Cd were extracted more effectively by DTPA than by Mehlich‐3. In general, the efficiency of the extractants was related to compost addition, a trend that was most apparent for Zn and Cu. Levels of trace metals extracted by DTPA and Mehlich‐3 from soils without compost addition were already highly variable, because of traditional farmyard manure and slurry fertilization. Diagnostic criteria for allowable loading limits of heavy metals during compost application should take into account direct measurements of background levels and relevant soil properties such as soil acidity.
Simple Control for Complex Pandemics

The COVID-19 pandemic began nearly two years ago, yet schools, businesses, and other organizations are still struggling to keep the risk of disease outbreak low while returning to (near) normal functionality. Observations from this past year suggest that this goal can be achieved through the right balance of mitigation strategies, which may include some combination of mask use, vaccinations, viral testing, and contact tracing. The choice of mitigation measures will be uniquely based on the needs and available resources of each organization. This article presents practical guidance for creating these policies based on an analytical model of disease spread that captures the combined effects of each of these interventions. The resulting guidance is tested through simulation across a wide range of parameters and through synthesis of infection case data on college campuses.
Topological approach to the risk assessment against the Internet route hijack cyberattacs

32 3. Dotsenko N. , Chumachenko D. , Chumachenko I. Project-Oriented Management of Adaptive Commands Formation Resources in MultiProject Environment // CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 2353, 2019, Рр. 911–923. 4. Dotsenko N. Application of the donor-acceptor approach to resource providing in a multi-project environment //Transformational processes the development of economic systems in conditions of globalization: scientific bases, mechanisms, prospects: collective monograph / edited by M. Bezpartochnyi, in 2 Vol. / ISMA University. Riga: «Landmark» SIA, 2018. Vol. 1. 173. 181 p. 5. Комп’ютерна програма «Програма вирішення задачі забезпечення донорно-акцепторної ресурсної взаємодії в мультипроєктному середовищі» / Чумаченко І. В. , Доценко Н. В. : Свід. Держ. реєстр. прав автора на твір No 81629. – Зареєстр. в Держ. департ. інтелектуальної власності Мін. освіти і науки України 21.09. 2018 р.
Caracterização física, química e sensorial de cookies confeccionados com farinha de talo de couve (FTC) e farinha de talo de espinafre (FTE) ricas em fibra alimentar

The objective of the study was to use Stalk Flours (SF) to prepare cookies. The ST was made with dehydrated Kale Stalks (KSF) and Spinach Stalks (SSF). Three kinds of cookies were prepared by modification of the sugar-snap cookie formula, 10-50D method (AMERICAN., 1995): control cookie, cookie with 15% of KSF, and cookie with 15% of SSF. The centesimal composition was performed on the SF by the AOAC (ASSOCIATION., 1995) and the nourishing fibers were prepared according to van Soest (1963). The following parameters were analyzed: weight, thickness, diameter, volume, and apparent density according to the 10-50D method of the AACC (AMERICAN., 1995), titratable acidity and pH using the Adolfo Lutz Institute (2005) technique, and also revenue and caloric factor. The determination of the centesimal composition of the cookies followed the AOAC regulations (ASSOCIATION., 1995), and a 9-point hedonic scale of was used for the acceptance testing. It was observed that the SF had a low energetic density and a high value of nourishing fiber and ashes. The cookies analyzed showed a higher value of thickness (p < 0,05), higher value (p < 0,05) of titratable acidity, and a lower value (p < 0,05) of pH compared to the control. The centesimal composition showed a lower value of fat and caloric density and a higher value of humidity and fiber in the cookies tested. The acceptance of the cookies was satisfactory, especially that with SSF.
A Lightweight and Efficient GPU for NDP Utilizing Data Access Pattern of Image Processing

As the demand for image applications with high resolution increases, the importance of the system for image processing is growing. Graphics processing units (GPUs) can increase computational capacity with massive parallelism, but are still subject to limited memory bandwidth. Near-data-processing (NDP) is expected to mitigate the performance and energy overhead caused as a result of data transfer by performing computations on the logic die of 3D-stacked memory. Although prior studies have demonstrated the advantages of NDP, a NDP solution focused on image processing has not yet been developed. This article proposes a GPU-based NDP architecture and well-matched optimization strategies considering both the characteristics of image applications and NDP constraints. First, data allocation to the processing unit is addressed to maintain the data locality and data access pattern. Second, a lightweight yet efficient NDP GPU architecture is proposed. By applying a prefetcher that leverages the pattern-aware data allocation, the number of active warps and the on-chip SRAM size of the NDP are significantly reduced. This enables the NDP constraints to be satisfied and a greater number of processing units to be integrated on a logic die. The evaluation results show that the proposed NDP GPU improves the performance by 1.85× and consumes 82.7 percent energy compared to the baseline NDP GPU.
Studying the Inter-Relation Between Locomotion Techniques and Embodiment in Virtual Reality

Virtual embodiment and navigation are two topics widely studied in the virtual reality community. Despite the potential inter-relation between embodiment and locomotion, studies on virtual navigation rarely supply users with a virtual representation, while studies on virtual embodiment rarely allow users to virtually navigate. This paper therefore explores this potential inter-relation by focusing on the two following questions: Does the locomotion technique have an impact on the user’s sense of embodiment? Does embodying an avatar have an impact on the user’s preference and performance depending on the locomotion technique? To address these questions, we conducted a user study (N=60) exploring the relationship between the locomotion technique and the user’s sense of embodiment over a virtual avatar seen from a first-person perspective. Three widely used locomotion techniques were evaluated: real walking, walking-in-place and virtual steering. All participants performed four different tasks involving a different awareness of their virtual avatar. Participants also performed the same tasks without being embodied in an avatar. The results show that participants had a comparable sense of embodiment with all techniques when embodied in an avatar, and that the presence or absence of the virtual avatar did not alter their performance while navigating, independently of the technique. Taken together, our results represent a first attempt to qualify the inter-relation between virtual navigation and virtual embodiment, and suggest that the 3D locomotion technique used has little influence on the user’s sense of embodiment in VR.
Integrated Analysis of Multisensor Datasets and Oil Drift Simulations—A Free‐Floating Oil Experiment in the Open Ocean

Recent effort has gone into investigating the oil slick characterization capabilities of emerging radar sensors and drift simulations. Oil slick characterization involves problems such as separating mineral oil spills from look-alikes, for example, natural low-radar backscatter phenomena, extraction of physical oil properties such as the dielectric constant of the medium, estimating relative slick thickness, the oil volumetric fraction of an oil/water emulsion, and, finally, predicting slick drift and evolution. This work describes the experimental setup and results from a thoroughly planned and successfully conducted oil spill field campaign that took place in the North Sea in June 2019 as a part of the Norwegian Clean Seas Association for Operating Companies (NOFOs) annual oil-on-water exercise. Abstract A free-floating oil spill experiment (two oil types) in the open ocean is described, and the results from slick characterization through integrated analysis of drift simulations with remote sensing and in situ data are discussed. We compare oil drift simulations (OpenOil), applying various configurations of wind, wave, and current information, with the observed slick positions and shape. We describe trajectories and dynamics of the spills, slick extent, and their evolution, and the differences in detection capabilities in optical instruments versus multifrequency PolSAR acquired by Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt F-SAR. When using the best available forcing from in situ data and forecast models, good agreement with the observed position and extent was found. A fair agreement is obtained using only numerical forecast data as input. This case study reveals that the accuracy when using modeled current is relatively higher after one full local inertial period, as the effect of incorrectly modeled amplitude of the inertial current is then vanishing. This should be a general result applicable to any oceanic drift forecast based on the modeled current. A novelty is the comparison of viscous-similar soybean and mineral oil. Our findings indicate that biological oil emulsions potentially could replace mineral oil emulsions in contingency and rehearsal campaigns, but this finding is only supported from an oil drift prediction perspective. Differences in mineral oil detection capabilities are found between synthetic aperture radar and optical imagery of thinner sheen regions. F-SAR appears to be more sensitive to thinner oil and detect a larger extent, and differences between the thinner and thicker parts are observed.
Cross Sections for Electron Collisions with Nitrogen Molecules

Cross section data have been compiled for electron collisions with nitrogen molecules, based on 104 references. Cross sections are collected and reviewed for: total scattering, elastic scattering, momentum transfer, excitations of rotational, vibrational, and electronic states, dissociation, ionization, and emission of radiation. For each process, the recommended values of the cross section are presented for use. The literature has been surveyed through the end of 2003.
A comprehensive approach to soil‐atmosphere trace‐gas flux estimation with static chambers

A new procedure (HMR) for soil‐atmosphere trace‐gas flux estimation with static chambers is presented. It classifies data series into three categories according to criteria based on the application of a particular non‐linear model and provides statistical data analyses for all categories. The two main categories are non‐linear and linear concentration data, for which data are analysed by, respectively, the non‐linear model and linear regression. The third category is represented by concentration data within the range of experimental error, or noise, from sites with no significant flux. Data in this category may be analysed by linear regression or simply classified as no flux. The particular non‐linear model has been selected among alternatives because its exponential curvature generally fits non‐linear static chamber concentration data well, and because it can be proven, mathematically, to be robust against horizontal gas transport through the soil or leaks in the chamber. The application of the HMR procedure is demonstrated on 244 data series of nitrous oxide accumulation over time. On average, 47% of these data were non‐linear, with an average flux increase over linear regression of 52%. The classification and analysis of data with a small signal‐to‐noise ratio requires special attention, and it is demonstrated how diagnostic graphical plots may be used to select the appropriate data analysis. The HMR procedure has been implemented as a free add‐on package for the free software R and is available for download through CRAN (http://www.r‐project.org).
Equilibrium solubility of CO2 in aqueous potassium taurate solutions: part 2: Experimental VLE data and model

The solubility of CO2 in aqueous potassium taurate solutions was measured at 298 and 313 K. Crystallization of the protonated amine (one of the reaction products) was observed during the absorption of CO2 in concentrated amino acid salt solutions. The influence of crystallization on the equilibrium CO2 absorption capacity of the amino acid salt solution was investigated. The difference in the thermodynamic characteristics of the aqueous amino acid salt solution and aqueous alkanolamines is discussed using the Deshmukh−Mather model (Deshmukh, R. D.; Mather, A. E. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1981, 36, 355). Because of a limited change in the ionic strength of the solution in the range of the measured CO2 loading, a simplified model similar to the one proposed by Kent and Eisenberg (Kent, R.; Eisenberg, B. Hydrocarbon Process. 1976, 55, 87) is used to interpret the solubility data. In addition, the equilibrium constant of the carbamate hydrolysis reaction was experimentally measured for monoethanolamine and the potassiu.
Expectations of a winning result in women’s handball team: comparison of different age groups

Popovych, I. , Blynova, O. , Savchuk, O. , Zasenko, V. & Prokhorenko, L. (2020). Expectations of a winning result in women’s handball team: comparison of different age groups, Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(5), 2709-2717. DOI: 10.7752/jpes.2020. 05369
Promotional effect of silver nanoparticles on the performance of N-doped TiO2 photoanode-based dye-sensitized solar cells

We report the first successful application of an N-TiO2–Ag nanocomposite as an efficient photoanode for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The N-TiO2–Ag nanocomposites with different Ag contents were prepared using a simple chemical reduction method and characterized using various suitable techniques. The DSSC assembled with the N-TiO2–Ag-modified photoanode demonstrated an enhanced solar-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency of 8.15% compared to the photoanode of a DSSC composed of unmodified TiO2 (2.19%) under full sunlight illumination (100 mW cm−2, AM 1.5 G). This superior DSSC performance was due to the reduced band gap energy and retarded charge recombination that resulted from the introduction of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles on the surface of N-TiO2. The influence of the Ag content on the overall efficiency was also investigated, and the optimum Ag content for N-TiO2 was found to be 10 wt%. The enhanced solar energy conversion efficiency demonstrated by the N-TiO2–Ag nanocomposite makes it a promising alternative to conventional photoanode-based DSSCs.
Mitigating bias in calibration error estimation

Building reliable machine learning systems requires that we correctly understand their level of confidence. Calibration focuses on measuring the degree of accuracy in a model's confidence and most research in calibration focuses on techniques to improve an empirical estimate of calibration error, ECE_bin. Using simulation, we show that ECE_bin can systematically underestimate or overestimate the true calibration error depending on the nature of model miscalibration, the size of the evaluation data set, and the number of bins. Critically, ECE_bin is more strongly biased for perfectly calibrated models. We propose a simple alternative calibration error metric, ECE_sweep, in which the number of bins is chosen to be as large as possible while preserving monotonicity in the calibration function. Evaluating our measure on distributions fit to neural network confidence scores on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet, we show that ECE_sweep produces a less biased estimator of calibration error and therefore should be used by any researcher wishing to evaluate the calibration of models trained on similar datasets.
PICOSECOND FLUORESCENCE STUDIES OF P700‐ENRICHED PARTICLES OF SPINACH CHLOROPLASTS

Dynamic properties of the picosecond fluorescence of highly enriched reaction‐center particles of photosystem I (8 ‐ 10 chlorophylls/P700) prepared from spinach have been investigated. The number (N) of photons used to excite chlorophyll molecules per reaction center was controlled between 0.06 and 80. The 1/e lifetime was ca. 25 ps for N1. which is much shorter than previously measured lifetimes of photosystem I particles. The initial fluorescence intensity saturated at higher excitation intensities (N≲ 1). This was interpreted in terms of interaction and annihilation among excited chlorophyll molecules which occur almost entirely within the duration of a laser flash. The spectrum‐resolved fluorescence decay was faster at 690 than at 680 nm. This implies that two kinds of antenna chlorophylls, apart from and in close proximity to P700, have different lifetimes. Upon heat treatment a component with a much longer fluorescence decay time was observed. The growth of this component upon heat treatment at increasing temperatures showed a correlation with a decrease in the amount of P700 that could be photooxidized.
Responsible Disclosure of Generative Models Using Scalable Fingerprinting

Over the past five years, deep generative models have achieved a qualitative new level of performance. Generated data has become difficult, if not impossible, to be distinguished from real data. While there are plenty of use cases that benefit from this technology, there are also strong concerns on how this new technology can be misused to spoof sensors, generate deep fakes, and enable misinformation at scale. Unfortunately, current deep fake detection methods are not sustainable, as the gap between real and fake continues to close. In contrast, our work enables a responsible disclosure of such state-of-the-art generative models, that allows researchers and companies to fingerprint their models, so that the generated samples containing a fingerprint can be accurately detected and attributed to a source. Our technique achieves this by an efficient and scalable ad-hoc generation of a large population of models with distinct fingerprints. Our recommended operation point uses a 128-bit fingerprint which in principle results in more than $10^{36}$ identifiable models. Experimental results show that our method fulfills key properties of a fingerprinting mechanism and achieves effectiveness in deep fake detection and attribution.
Evaluating Four Storm-Water Performance Metrics with a North Carolina Coastal Plain Storm-Water Wetland

Storm-water best management practices (BMPs) are typically assessed using the performance metric of pollutant concentration removal efficiencies. However, debate exists whether this is the most appropriate metric to use. In this study, a storm-water wetland constructed and monitored in the coastal plain of North Carolina is evaluated for water quality and hydrologic performance using four different metrics: concentration reduction, load reduction, comparison to nearby ambient water quality monitoring stations, and comparison to other wetlands studied in North Carolina. The River Bend storm-water wetland was constructed in spring 2007 and was monitored from June 2007 through May 2008. Twenty-four hydrologic and 11 water quality events were captured and evaluated. The wetland reduced peak flows and runoff volumes by 80 and 54%, respectively. Reductions were significant. Concentrations for the following pollutants increased: total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), NH4–N, total nitrogen (TN), and total suspended solid.
Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Waterlogged Archaeological Wood

Waterlogged wood samples 300 to 100.000 years old of Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Quercus sp. from northern Europe (Norway, Sweden) that had been preserved in a glacier, burial grounds, house settlements, harbour installations and sunken ships in the sea were examined for changes in physico-chemical characteristics as compared to recent wood. The results showed that in waterlogged wood of all species the solubility in 1% NaOH (8.39-22.85%) was found to be higher than that of recent wood (3.84-5.57%). Ash content varied between 1.37-7.12% in old wood and was much higher than in fresh wood (0.31-0.65%). Klason ligin in old wood (25.71-72.40%) was higher than in fresh wood (20.31-30.95%) while crystallinity index (12.79-33.69%) was found to be lower than in fresh wood (34.56-40.20%). Increasing lignin content in old wood resulted in reducing the crystallinity index up to 3.1 times.
Improved StyleGAN Embedding: Where are the Good Latents?

StyleGAN is able to produce photorealistic images almost indistinguishable from real ones. Embedding images into the StyleGAN latent space is not a trivial task due to the reconstruction quality and editing quality trade-off. In this paper, we first introduce a new normalized space to analyze the diversity and the quality of the reconstructed latent codes. This space can help answer the question of where good latent codes are located in latent space. Second, we propose a framework to analyze the quality of different embedding algorithms. Third, we propose an improved embedding algorithm based on our analysis. We compare our results with the current state-of-the-art methods and achieve a better trade-off between reconstruction quality and editing quality.