Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production Process and Physicochemical Characterization of the Guatemalan Artisanal Fermented Beverages Boj and Suchiles

Abstract This study provides the manufacturing process and the main physicochemical characteristics to describe the Guatemalan artisanal beverages Boj and Suchiles. Flow charts were established for the manufacturing processes of these two indigenous fermented beverages of Guatemala. Physicochemical characteristics were analyzed to determine the degree of action of the microorganisms responsible for the alcoholic fermentations. Boj and Suchiles are produced throughout the year using regional ingredients such as sugarcane and pineapple. Boj is especially popular in the northern city of Coban and Suchiles in Guatemala City and Antigua, Guatemala. Although they have cultural relevance, few scientific studies about these beverages exist. The process and raw materials used to elaborate Boj and Suchiles were documented, and samples were taken to conduct the physicochemical characterization of both beverages. Boj and Suchiles showed the following results: pH, 3.3 ± 0.1 and 3.0 ± 0.1 units; alcohol, 6.9 ± 0.9 and 0.79 ± 0.4%(v/v); total soluble solids (TSS), 3.1 ± 0.3 and 15.4 ± 1.2 (g/100 g); reducing sugars 8.6 and 85.2 g/L; lactic acid, 8.7 ± 1.6 and 10.7 ± 3.0 g/L; acetic acid, 2.8 ± 0.6 and 6.9 ± 2.9 g/L. Essential and nonessential amino acids, sugars, protein, organic acids, and B vitamins were analyzed.
Effectiveness of the Fascial Manipulation Approach Associated with a Physiotherapy Program in Recurrent Shoulder Disease

Shoulder pain is a serious clinical disease frequently related to absence from work. It is characterized by pain and stiffness, probably connected to the presence of an inflammatory substrate involving gleno-humeral capsule and collagen tissues. A physiotherapy program has shown to be effective for the conservative treatment of this disorder. Our aim is to assess if a manual treatment directed to fascial tissues could obtain better improvement regarding pain, strength, mobility, and function. A total of 94 healthcare workers with recurrent shoulder pain were recruited and then randomized in two groups: the control group (CG) underwent a five-session physiotherapy program; the study group (SG) underwent three sessions of physiotherapy and two sessions of fascial manipulation (FM) technique. At the end of the treatment phase, both groups improved every outcome. Despite few statistical differences between groups, at the follow-up visit, a greater percentage of subjects in SG overcame the minimal clinical important difference (MCID) in every outcome. We conclude that FM is effective for treatment of shoulder pain and further studies should better assess how to manage this treatment to obtain better results.
Using Machine Learning With Partial Dependence Analysis to Investigate Coupling Between Soil Moisture and Near‐Surface Temperature

Soil moisture (SM) influences near‐surface air temperature by partitioning downwelling radiation into latent and sensible heat fluxes, through which dry soils generally lead to higher temperatures. The strength of this coupled soil moisture‐temperature (SM‐T) relationship is not spatially uniform, and numerous methods have been developed to assess SM‐T coupling strength across the globe. These methods tend to involve either idealized climate‐model experiments or linear statistical methods which cannot fully capture nonlinear SM‐T coupling. In this study, we propose a nonlinear machine‐learning (ML)‐based approach for analyzing SM‐T coupling and apply this method to various mid‐latitude regions using historical reanalysis datasets. We first train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict daily maximum near‐surface air temperature (TMAX) given daily SM and geopotential height fields. We then use partial dependence analysis to isolate the average sensitivity of each CNN's TMAX prediction to the SM input under daily atmospheric conditions. The resulting SM‐T relationships broadly agree with previous assessments of SM‐T coupling strength. Over many regions, we find nonlinear relationships between the CNN's TMAX prediction and the SM input map. These nonlinearities suggest that the coupled interactions governing SM‐T relationships vary under different SM conditions, but these variations are regionally dependent. We also apply this method to test the influence of SM memory on SM‐T coupling and find that our results are consistent with previous studies. Although our study focuses specifically on local SM‐T coupling, our ML‐based method can be extended to investigate other coupled interactions within the climate system using observed or model‐derived datasets.
Absorption of electromagnetic waves by the dust particles in a plasma

Absorption of electromagnetic waves by the dust particles in a plasma has been studied based on a Mie-Debye scattering mode. The longitudinal field of the Debye scattering has been derived and the wave energy loss from it has been calculated. It is shown that the lower the temperature of the plasma is and the higher the density of the plasma is, the larger the absorption cross section will be due to the longitudinal scattering. For the low frequency waves the electromagnetic waves scattered in a dusty plasma are mainly in the form of Debye scattering. In this case the energy loss due to the longitudinal scattering will affect the wave propagation seriously.
The Combined Spectral Response of a MEMS Metamaterial Absorber for the Mid-IR and Its Sub-Wavelength Fabrication Residual Array of Holes

Metasurface coatings on a free-standing SiN thin film membrane are fabricated on a Si substrate using masked lithography and CMOS-compatible surface micromachining. The result is a band-limited absorber for the mid-IR, which is part of a microstructure that is attached to the substrate by long and slender suspension beams to provide thermal isolation. As a residual of the fabrication, the regular pattern of sub-wavelength unit cells of 2.6 μm side length, which defines the metasurface, is interrupted by an equally regular array of sub-wavelength holes of 1–2 μm diameter and at 7.8–15.6 μm of pitch. This array of holes is essential for enabling access of the etchant and attack of the underlying layer during fabrication, which ultimately results in the sacrificial release of the membrane from the underlying substrate. As the plasmonic responses of the two patterns interfere, a maximum is imposed on the hole diameter and a minimum on the hole-to-hole pitch. However, the hole diameter should be sufficiently large to allow access of the etchant, while the maximum spacing between holes is set by the limited selectivity of the different materials to the etchant during sacrificial release. The effect of the parasitic hole pattern on the spectral absorption of a metasurface design is analyzed by simulations of the responses of combined holes–metasurface structures. Arrays of 300 × 180 μm2 Al-Al2O3-Al MIM structures are mask-fabricated on suspended SiN beams. The results show that the effect of the array of holes can be disregarded for a hole-to-hole pitch larger than 6 times the side length of the metamaterial until cell, while the diameter of the hole should remain smaller than about 1.5 μm, and their alignment is critical.
Statistics on 3D Particle Shapes of Lunar Soil (No. 60501) Obtained by Micro X-Ray CT and Its Image-Based DEM Simulation

A lunar surface soil sample from Descartes highland (No.60501) was investigated by micro X-ray CT. On the basis of obtained 3D information on particle shape, the particles were classified into four groups: (1) monomineralic particles, (2) breccias (fragmental matrix), (3) breccias (crystalline matrix), and (4) agglutinate particles which have a lot of reentrant surfaces and enclosed voids. The content ratio of these particles obtained in this study was in good agreement with those reported in the previous study by Houck (1982). The detailed 3D shape indices such as the aspect ratio, the flatness ratio, the elongation ratio and the sphericity were computed for all the particles and their statistics were discussed. An image-based DEM in which the particles were directly modeled from the 3D information was employed to quantify the effects of agglutinate content on the mechanical properties of lunar soil under the simple shear condition. The analysis revealed that the minimum void ratio increases with increasing agglutinate content, but that the shear resistance is irrelevant to the agglutinate content. The angle of shear resistance obtained is about 50 degrees, which is in good agreement with those referred in preceding studies.
Direct Evidence of “Sheets” in the Atmospheric Temperature Field

Abstract This paper presents experimental evidence showing the ubiquitous presence in the lower atmosphere (at least up to 25 km) of very strong (positive) temperature gradients within very thin layers. The presence of such “sheets” in the temperature field of the free atmosphere was frequently hypothesized in order to account for the aspect sensitivity of VHF radar measurements. Owing to their high vertical resolution (20 cm) and to the fast-response thermometers used, the in situ balloon measurements discussed in this paper constitute the first direct evidence of their true existence. Statistical study of the properties of the sheets results in the following typical values: thickness 3–20 m, temperature increase 0.2–0.8 K, gradient 30–100 K/km. The sheets are frequently observed in groups, associated with and taking part in regions of high static stability. Local measurements using two pairs of sensors one meter apart indicate that the sheets are not flat and horizontal. Sometimes, clear evidence of ong.
Magnetic Phase Transition in Antiferromagnetic SrMnO3 Perovskites

We study thermal properties of SrMnO3 starting from analysis of the low-energy electronic structure of the Mn4+ ion in oxygen surroundings. As a start point of the studies, simulations of a SrMnO3 unit cell were performed with using the density functional theory (DFT). The DFT calculations have revealed ionic character of the compound. In the next stage of calculations the Mn4+ ion was treated as an atomic-like strongly-correlated 3d3 system with the 28-fold degenerated ground term 4F. This degeneracy is lifted under the combined action of the dominant octahedral crystal field and the on-site spin-orbit coupling. This study was concentrated on the explanation of the temperature dependence of the specific heat showing a pronounced λ-type peak at TN. We have calculated the d-electron contribution to the specific heat both in the antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic states. We have found that the entropy of the magnetic contribution is close Rln4 - a value expected from the 4A2g ground subterm of the Mn4+ ions. e.g. 11.5 J/Kmol.
Diabatically Forced, Nearly Inviscid Eddy Regimes

Abstract We use a scaling analysis and numerical solutions of a quasigeostrophic two-level model on a β plane to explore what kind of eddy regimes can occur when the eddies are forced solely by differential diabatic heating, and friction is negligible outside a boundary layer near the lower surface. The eddy regimes all have a convergent eddy momentum flux and a Ferrel cell near the center of the channel flow, and a downgradient eddy heat flux that exceeds the upgradient heat flux by the Ferrel cell. Quantitatively the regimes can be characterized by R, the ratio of the heat transport by the Ferrel cell to the heat transport by the eddies. This ratio depends on a nondimensional parameter, δ, which is proportional to the characteristic relaxation time associated with the diabatic heating and to the convergence of the eddy momentum flux. If δ → ∞, then R → 1, the divergence of the Eliassen-Palm flux approaches zero, and the temperature structure approaches equilibrium; that is, the motions have very little .
Radiation characteristics of cavity backed aperture antennas in finite ground plane using the hybrid FEM/MoM technique and geometrical theory of diffraction

A technique using the hybrid finite element method (FEM)/method of moments (MoM) and geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) is presented to analyze the radiation characteristics of cavity fed aperture antennas in a finite ground plane. The cavity which excites the aperture is assumed to be fed by a cylindrical transmission line. The electromagnetic (EM) fields inside the cavity are obtained using finite element method (FEM). The EM fields and their normal derivatives required for FEM solution are obtained using: (1) the modal expansion in the feed region and (2) the MoM for the radiating aperture region (assuming an infinite ground plane). The finiteness of the ground plane is taken into account using GTD. The input admittance of open-ended circular, rectangular, and coaxial line radiating into free space through an infinite ground plane are computed and compared with earlier published results. Radiation characteristics of a coaxial cavity-fed circular aperture in a finite rectangular ground plane are verified with experimental results.
Socio-Technical Aspects Of Electronic Medical Record Use Related To Patient Safety At Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Hospital

In the current era of industrial digitalization 4.0, the use of information and communication technology has been widely adopted by various sectors, including the health sector. Electronic Medical Records (RME) is one form of information technology that has been recognized to have an impact on increasing patient satisfaction, documentation accuracy, accelerating data access and reducing clinical errors, but on the other hand, some emerging empirical evidence shows that health information technology can cause new problems related to patient safety. Socio-technical aspects of RME use such as user behavior, poor system design and lack of supporting infrastructure were identified to compromise patient safety. This study used mixed methods with a sequential explanatory design, which was conducted at Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado in February-May 2023. Quantitative research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to RME users, namely doctors, nurses, midwives and other health workers with a sample of 324 respondents taken by proportional stratified random sampling technique, while qualitative research was conducted by interview, observation and documentation with the role of the researcher as a human instrument. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between patient safety and user behavior (r=0.611), system design (r=0.702) and the condition of RME supporting facilities (r=0.529). To prevent the occurrence of patient safety incidents as a result of the use of RME, basic IT training and mastery of RME features for users must be improved, continuously conducting user-centered RME redesign and optimizing RME supporting infrastructure.
Demand trade-off between PLSs and markups in the presence of a conventional banking relationship: The case of Moroccan companies

Theoretical explanations based on information asymmetry constitute the dominant paradigm of the near disappearance of PLSs (profit and loss sharing). This assumption implicitly implies a hypothesis on the power of contractual choice exclusively monopolized by Islamic banks. The theoretical positioning in this study to explain the arbitrage between PLSs and markups is based on a lack of demand. In this sense, this paper attempts to verify the demand trade-off of Moroccan companies between PLSs and markups. A logistic regression was used to establish several findings. The evidence suggests that past banking relationships with conventional banks and debt maturity both favor the commercialization of markups. On the other hand, financial quality of firms has no direct impact on the choice between PLSs and markups. This assertion implies that it is incorrect to assume that sole entrepreneurs undertaking high-risk projects choose to be funded by PLSs. Combining that with the fact that companies that agree to be funded by PLSs agree to share profits, private information and decision-making power, it can be said that PLSs can have a good chance of thriving in Morocco if Islamic banks provide a favorable climate for their marketing.
Electrocaloric cooling: The importance of electric-energy recovery and heat regeneration

Here we explore the effect of electric-energy recovery and heat regeneration on the energy efficiency of an electrocaloric-cooling system. Furthermore, the influence of the polarization-electric field hysteresis on the energy efficiency of the system is analysed. For the purposes of the analysis, the properties of (1 – x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-100xPT) with x = 0, , and are characterized. We show that if no heat is regenerated, even small irreversibilities in the electric circuit used to recover the electric energy can cause a significant drop in the achievable energy efficiency. On the other hand, when a heat regeneration process is considered and a realistic value for the degree of electric-energy recovery equal to 80% is assumed, the limit for the energy efficiency of a system employing PMN ceramics is estimated to be equal to 81% of the efficiency of a Carnot heat pump.
Using the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager to Monitor Land Surface Temperatures, Wetness, and Snow Cover

Abstract The worldwide network of in situ land surface temperatures archived in near-real time at the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) has limited applications, since many areas are poorly represented or provide no observations. Satellite measurements offer a possible way to fill in the data voids and obtain a complete map of surface temperature over the entire globe. A method has been developed to calculate near-surface temperature using measurements from the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I). To accomplish this, the authors identify numerous surface types and make dynamic adjustments for variations in emissivity. Training datasets were used to define the relationship between the seven SSM/I channels and the near-surface temperature. For instance, liquid water on the surface reduces emissivity; therefore, the authors developed an adjustment to correct for this reduction. Other surface types (e.g., snow, ice, and deserts) as well as precipitation are identified, and numerous adjustments and/or f.
Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Correlates of Dental Anxiety among a Group of Adult Patients Attending Dental Outpatient Clinics: A Study from UAE

Objectives: The aims of this paper were twofold: first, to evaluate dental anxiety levels among patients undergoing oral surgery procedures; second, to assess how dental anxiety and fear are connected to age, gender, educational background, past traumatic experiences, and the frequency of dental appointments. Methods: A cross-sectional Likert-scale questionnaire survey was conducted to collect quantitative data from 206 patients at the Oral Surgery Clinics at Dubai Dental Clinics, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested using Cronbach’s alpha. The normality of the MDAS score was tested using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The chi square and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to determine the association between categorical variables. Descriptive statistics were used to describe continuous and categorical variables. The statistical significance was set at p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The evaluation of the degree of dental anxiety among patients who visited the Dubai Dental clinics revealed that there was a considerably high level of moderate or high anxiety (72.3%). Tooth extraction and dental surgery procedures (95%), followed by local anesthetic injection in the gingiva (85%) and teeth drilling (70%), were the primary causes of anxiety, whereas scaling and polishing resulted in the lowest degree of anxiety (35%). There was no substantial difference in dental anxiety between male and female patients or among patients with different marital statuses. A total of 70% of patients preferred the tell-show-do method, whereas 65% chose communication strategies to reduce dental anxiety. Conclusions: The evaluation of the degree of dental anxiety among patients who visited Dubai Dental clinics revealed that there was a considerably high level of anxiety. Tooth extraction and dental surgery procedures, followed by local anesthetic injection and teeth drilling, were the primary causes of anxiety, whereas scaling and polishing resulted in the lowest degree of anxiety. Despite the use of a modified anxiety scale and a large and representative sample of oral surgery patients, more research is necessary to investigate the impact of various factors on dental anxiety.
Reviewing the Regulators of COL1A1

The collagen family contains 28 proteins, predominantly expressed in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and characterized by a triple-helix structure. Collagens undergo several maturation steps, including post-translational modifications (PTMs) and cross-linking. These proteins are associated with multiple diseases, the most pronounced of which are fibrosis and bone diseases. This review focuses on the most abundant ECM protein highly implicated in disease, type I collagen (collagen I), in particular on its predominant chain collagen type I alpha 1 (COLα1 (I)). An overview of the regulators of COLα1 (I) and COLα1 (I) interactors is presented. Manuscripts were retrieved searching PubMed, using specific keywords related to COLα1 (I). COL1A1 regulators at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational levels include DNA Methyl Transferases (DNMTs), Tumour Growth Factor β (TGFβ), Terminal Nucleotidyltransferase 5A (TENT5A) and Bone Morphogenic Protein 1 (BMP1), respectively. COLα1 (I) interacts with a variety of cell receptors including integrinβ, Endo180 and Discoidin Domain Receptors (DDRs). Collectively, even though multiple factors have been identified in association to COLα1 (I) function, the implicated pathways frequently remain unclear, underscoring the need for a more spherical analysis considering all molecular levels simultaneously.
Disentangling the relationship between business model, absorptive capacity, differentiation strategy and performance. Evidence from a transition economy

PurposeThis paper explores the relationships between firm absorptive capacity, novel business model design (NBMD), product differentiation strategy and performance in a transition economy.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze firm-level data from a unique sample of Albanian manufacturing and service firms.FindingsThe study shows that absorptive capacity enables and shapes the NBMD that, in turn, leads to performance gains. The authors also find that the NBMD capacity mediates the impact of realized absorptive capacity on performance, whereas product differentiation strategy moderates the relationship between new business model and performance.Research limitations/implicationsAll variables were measured based on a self-assessed scale leading to potential method bias. Also, based on relevant literature, the study focuses on only one type of business model (BM) design.Practical implicationsSince dynamic capabilities are the foundation of NBMD, firms should invest carefully in developing such capabilities. Thus, the study results provide an integrative framework for understanding the role of absorptive capacity in NBMD adoption and for explaining the relationship between NBMD adoption and performance, an aspect that helps organizations in a dynamic environment.Originality/valueThis study strives to investigate the relationships between absorptive capacity, business model design, product strategies and performance by answering the call of Teece (2018) to “flesh out the details” of such relationships.