Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Internal financial determinants of stock prices in the banking sector: comparative evidence from Dubai and Abu Dhabi Stock markets

The present study has been conducted to examine the impact of seven of most important internal factors on stock prices for all listed banks in Dubai and Abu Dhabi stock markets. Pooled Least Square, Fixed Effects (FE), and Random Effects (RE) models have been used to carry out the analysis for data pertaining to 23 banks for a time period between 2014-2017. The aim of the study is to examine the most important internal factors affecting stock prices in the banking sector of United Arab Emirates, and whether internal factors determining stock prices in this sector are the same for Dubai and Abu Dhabi stock markets. The results give evidence of positive and significant impact of Earnings Per Share (EPS) and Dividend Per Share (DPS) on market price for shares, in all markets for the former and only in Abu Dhabi stock market for the later. By contrast, the study reveals a negative impact of Return on Equity (RoE), Dividend Yield (DY), and Price Earnings (P_E) on market price for shares. Even more important, the study gives evidence of differentiated impact of variables representing dividend policies, on market price for shares, between the two markets investigated in United Arab Emirates.
Quantum mechanics in nonlinear systems

Linear Quantum Mechanics (LQM): Its Successes and Problems Macroscopic Quantum Effects and Properties of Motion of Quasiparticles The Fundamental Principles and Theories of Nonlinear Quantum Mechanics Wave-Corpuscle Duality of Microscopic Particles (MIP) in the NLQM Nonlinear Interaction and Localization of the MIP Nonlinear Versus Linear Quantum Mechanics The Problems Solving in the NLQM Properties and States of the MIP in Different Nonlinear Systems Nonlinearly Quantum-Mechanical Properties of the Excitons and Phonons Properties of Nonlinear Excitations and Motions for Protons, Polarons and Magnons in Different Systems.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward Prevention of COVID-19 Among Nursing and Midwifery Students: A cross-sectional Study in Gorgan, Northern Iran

Background: Healthcare providers are high-risk groups for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection. Nursing students are an essential part of high-risk healthcare providers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nursing and midwifery students at Golestan University of Medical Sciences (GOUMS) toward the prevention of COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 174 nursing and midwifery students of GOUMS (northeast of IRAN) in 2020. Data were gathered using an online questionnaire comprising three parts – Knowledge (8 questions), Attitude (10 questions), and Practice (8 questions) toward the prevention of COVID-19. The range of scores in each subscale (knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices) were 8–24, 10–50, and 8–24, respectively. Data were analyzed using the SPSS v.16 software. The Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used for the analysis. Results: Overall, in this study, nursing and midwifery students had a good knowledge (mean score: 23.19 ± 2.56), a positive attitude (mean score: 45.48 ± 4.21), and appropriate practice (mean score: 23.30 ± 3.51) regarding COVID-19 prevention. Also, the results revealed a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.1, P = 0.18) and attitude and practice (r = 0.2, P = 0.01) among the students. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated a good preventive knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among nursing and midwifery students.
DETECTING THE WARM–HOT INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM THROUGH X-RAY ABSORPTION LINES

The warm–hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) at temperatures 105–107 K is believed to contain 30%–50% of the baryons in the local universe. However, all current X-ray detections of the WHIM at redshifts z > 0 are of low statistical significance (≲ 3σ) and/or controversial. In this work, we aim to establish the detection limits of current X-ray observatories and explore requirements for next-generation X-ray telescopes for studying the WHIM through X-ray absorption lines. We analyze all available grating observations of Mrk 421 and obtain spectra with signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns) of ∼90 and 190 per 50 mÅ spectral bin from Chandra and XMM-Newton observations, respectively. Although these spectra are two of the best ever collected with Chandra and XMM-Newton, we cannot confirm the two WHIM systems reported by Nicastro et al. in 2005. Our bootstrap simulations indicate that spectra with such high S/N cannot constrain the WHIM with O vii column densities (corresponding to an equivalent width of 2.5 mÅ for a Doppler velocity of 50 km s−1) at ≳ 3σ significance level. The simulation results also suggest that it would take >60 Ms for Chandra and 140 Ms for XMM-Newton to measure the at ⩾4σ from a spectrum of a background QSO with flux of ∼0.2 mCrab (1 Crab = 2 × 10−8 erg s−1 cm−2 at 0.5–2 keV). Future X-ray spectrographs need to be equipped with spectral resolution R ∼ 4000 and effective area A ⩾ 100 cm2 to accomplish the similar constraints with an exposure time of ∼2 Ms and would require ∼11 Ms to survey the 15 QSOs with flux ≳ 0.2 mCrab along which clear intergalactic O vi absorbers have been detected.
Objective Evaluation of CT Imaging in the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

The value of CT imaging in evaluating the efficacy of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is explored. A total of 105 patients with LDH admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to September 2019 are selected for treatment with PTED, and all patients undergo CT examination before and after surgery. The CT imaging parameters (CT value of spinal canal soft tissue shadow, maximum back shift distance, longitudinal axis length, and intervertebral space height) before and 1 week after operation, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores before and 6 months after the operation are compared, and the excellent and good rate of the operation effect is calculated. The correlation between JOA score and CT imaging parameters are analyzed by Pearson correlation method. The experimental results prove that PTED is effective in treating LDH. CT imaging can quantitatively measure the data of herniated intervertebral discs to clarify the recovery of the compressed dural sac and nerve roots, and the results are highly consistent with JOA score, which can be used as PTED objective evaluation method for the treatment of LDH.
Testing enemy release of non‐native plants across time and space using herbarium specimens in Norway

The enemy release hypothesis predicts that invasive plant success is in part due to the absence of natural enemies in the invaded range. However, few studies have assessed how enemy release may vary over time or space. Norway has seen a large increase in non‐native plant species over the past few decades. We used historical herbarium records to test whether 10 non‐native plant species in Norway have suffered less from natural enemies (foliar herbivores) at different latitudes and over the past 195 years, compared to closely related (congeneric) native species. We analysed over 2200 specimens over 26 species. Chewing herbivory was lower at higher latitudes for both non‐native and native species. However, there was no evidence of change over time in overall chewing herbivory for either native or non‐native species on average. Chewing herbivory of native and non‐native species differed within the genera Centaurea, Epilobium and Salix across latitudes, and in the genera Acer, Barbarea, Campanula and Epilobium across time. Synthesis: Our results suggest that enemy release is unlikely to facilitate these non‐native plants in Norway since herbivory levels are similar between both non‐native and native plant species. Herbivory of these non‐native plants did not change over time, suggesting that they were quickly recognized as food sources by native herbivores. Lower levels of herbivory at higher latitudes suggest that herbivory is unlikely to limit non‐native plants further north and that herbivory is likely to increase at higher latitudes as the climate warms.
Trade Uncertainty and U.S. Bank Lending

This paper uses U.S. loan-level credit register data and the 2018–2019 Trade War to test for the effects of international trade uncertainty on domestic credit supply. We exploit cross-sectional heterogeneity in banks’ ex-ante exposure to trade uncertainty and find that an increase in trade uncertainty is associated with a contraction in bank lending to all firms irrespective of the uncertainty that the firms face. This baseline result holds for lending at the intensive and extensive margins. We document two channels underlying the estimated credit supply effect: a wait-and-see channel by which exposed banks assess their borrowers as riskier and reduce the maturity of their loans, and a financial frictions channel by which exposed banks facing relatively higher balance sheet constraints contract lending more. The decline in credit supply has real effects: firms that borrow from more exposed banks experience lower debt growth and investment rates. These effects are stronger for firms that are more reliant on bank finance.
Confronting dark energy anisotropic stress

We use currently available cosmic observations to probe and constrain an imperfect dark-energy fluid that is characterized by a constant equation of state w and a constant speed of viscosity c(vis)(2). The model parameter space was scanned using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The results show that the speed of viscosity c(vis)(2) was not well constrained when currently available data sets are used (including the cosmic microwave background radiation from Planck-2013 and WMAP9, type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortion f sigma(8)(z), and gravitational weak lensing from Canada-France Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS). However, the cosmic data sets slightly favor phantom dark energy with a negative speed of viscosity c(vis)(2).
Improving the Solution Accuracy of the Volume-Surface Integral Equation for the Open PEC Structures Embedded Within Dielectrics

In the solution of volume-surface integral equation (VSIE) for open perfect electric conductor (PEC) structures embedded within dielectric substrates, how to explicitly enforce the continuity condition (CC) of electric flux on the PEC–dielectric interfaces to improve the numerical accuracy is investigated. In the traditional VSIE formed by combining the surface electric field integral equation (EFIE) and volume integral equation (VIE), the fictitious surface charge, which does not exist physically, is accumulated on the PEC–dielectric interfaces. This will lead to the inaccuracy of numerical results, which can be eliminated by the CC. To correctly enforce the CC, the equivalent surface current distribution on both sides of open PEC should be distinguished. For this purpose, the combined field integral equation (CFIE) consisting of electric field and magnetic field integral equations is used to model the open PEC part. In the proposed approach, the number of surface unknowns needs to be doubled, which can be balanced by reducing the volumetric unknowns through the enforcement of CC. Furthermore, by fully considering the numerical symmetry between both sides of open PEC surface, the filling process of the matrix as well as the excitation vector in implementing the method of moments (MoMs) can be simplified. Numerical experiment demonstrates that the enforcement of CC can improve the VSIE accuracy obviously. For example, when calculating the frequency response of frequency selective surfaces (FSSs), the results obtained from the traditional VSIE often shift to higher frequencies, while the proposed approach gives reasonably good results.
Scales of influence on the settling velocities of synthetic, industrial and natural particles in grid turbulence

The settling velocities of natural, synthetic, and industrial particles were measured in a grid turbulence facility using optical measurement techniques. Particle Image Velocimetry and 2D Particle Tracking were used to measure the instantaneous velocities of the flow and the particles' trajectories simultaneously. We find that for particles examined in this study (Rep = 0.4 - 123), settling velocity is either enhanced or unchanged relative to stagnant flow for the range of investigated turbulence conditions. The smallest particles scaled best with a Kolmogorov-based Stokes number indicating the dissipative scales influence their dynamics. In contrast, the mid-sized particles scaled better with a Stokes number based on the integral time scale. The largest particles were largely unaffected by the flow conditions. Using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD), the flow pattern scales are compared to particle trajectory curvature to complement results obtained through dimensional analysis using Stokes numbers. The smallest particles are found to have trajectories with curvatures of similar scale as the small flow scales (higher POD modes) whilst mid-sized particle trajectories had curvatures that were similar to the larger flow patterns (lower POD modes). The curvature trajectories of the largest particles did not correspond to any particular flow pattern scale suggesting that their trajectories were more random. These results provide experimental evidence of the 'fast tracking' theory of settling velocity enhancement in turbulence and demonstrate that particles align themselves with flow scales in proportion to their size.
Maternal Risk Factor on Incidence of Stunting in South Sumatera

BACKGROUND: Stunting is an adverse result condition of unfulfilled nutritional intake during pregnancy and early childhood, which affects the children’s maximum height and optimal cognitive potential. Stunting is influenced by numerous factors, both from the mother and children. Research has proven that factors related to mothers of children under 5 have essential roles in the incidence of stunting. AIM: This study intends to analyze the influence of maternal risk factors on the incidence of stunting in children under 5 in districts/cities in South Sumatra. METHODS: This study is quantitative research with a cross-sectional design, with secondary data sources from Basic Health Research 2018, carried out in 17 districts/cities in South Sumatra. RESULTS: The mothers’ characteristics most significantly related to stunting in children under 5 in the South Sumatra region are the mother’s height and mother’s education. Mothers with a height <150 cm have a 1.547 times higher risk of having stunting children (95% CI: 1.281–1.868), and mothers with low education have a 1.521 times higher risk of having stunting children (95% CI: 1.094–2.116). Moreover, mothers with secondary education are at 1.473 times higher risk of having stunting children (95% CI: 1.073–2.020). CONCLUSION: The maternal risk factors most associated with stunting in children under five in South Sumatra are maternal height and mother’s education.
Physical Conditions of Accreting Gas in T Tauri Star Systems

We present results from a low-resolution (R≃ 300) near-infrared spectroscopic variability survey of actively accreting T Tauri stars (TTSs) in the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region. Paschen and Brackett series H I recombination lines were detected in 73 spectra of 15 classical T Tauri systems. The values of the Panup/Paβ, Brnup/Brγ, and Brγ/Panup H I line ratios for all observations exhibit a scatter of ≲20% about the weighted mean, not only from source to source, but also for epoch-to-epoch variations in the same source. A representative or “global” value was determined for each ratio in both the Paschen and Brackett series, as well as the Brγ/Panup line ratios. A comparison of observed line ratio values was made to those predicted by the temperature- and electron density-dependent models of case B hydrogen recombination line theory. The measured line ratios are statistically well fit by a tightly constrained range of temperatures (T≲ 2000 K) and electron densities (109 cm −3 < ne≲ 1010 cm−3). A comparison of the observed line ratio values to the values predicted by the optically thick and thin local thermodynamic equilibrium cases rules out these conditions for the emitting H I gas. Therefore, the emission is consistent with having an origin in a non-LTE recombining gas. While the range of electron densities is consistent with the gas densities predicted by existing magnetospheric accretion models, the temperature range constrained by the case B comparison is considerably lower than that expected for accreting gas. The cooler gas temperatures will require a nonthermal excitation process (e.g., coronal/accretion-related X-rays and UV photons) to power the observed line emission.
Spin-polarized tunneling in metal-insulator-semiconductor Fe/ZnSe/Ga1- xMnxAs magnetic tunnel diodes

The authors fabricated a metal-insulator-semiconductor (M∕I∕SC) structure Fe∕ZnSe∕Ga1−xMnxAs and observed magnetoresistance (MR) ratios up to 40%. The dependence of differential conductivity on bias voltage exhibited pronounced asymmetry characteristic of a M∕I∕p-SC tunnel diode reflecting the characteristic band structure of Ga1−xMnxAs. The bias voltage (Vhalf), where the MR ratio becomes half the zero-bias value, reached 460mV, which is the highest value yet reported in M∕I∕Ga1−xMnxAs magnetic tunnel junctions (Vhalf<100mV). This large Vhalf and the use of a conventional 3d-ferromagnetic metal is an important first step in giving nonvolatile functionality to the established high-current gain tunnel transistors.
Optimized analysis method for indirect dark matter searches with imaging air Cherenkov telescopes

We propose a dedicated analysis approach for indirect Dark Matter searches with Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes. By using the full likelihood analysis, we take complete advantage of the distinct features expected in the gamma ray spectrum of Dark Matter origin, achieving better sensitivity with respect to the standard analysis chains. We describe the method and characterize its general performance. We also compare its sensitivity with that of the current standards for several Dark Matter annihilation models, obtaining gains of up to factors of order of 10. We compute the improved limits that can be reached using this new approach, taking as an example existing estimates for several benchmark models as well as the recent results from VERITAS on observations of the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Segue 1. Furthermore, we estimate the sensitivity of Cherenkov Telescopes for monochromatic line signals. Predictions are made on improvement that can be achieved for MAGIC and CTA. Lastly, we discuss how this method can be applied in a global, sensitivity-optimized indirect Dark Matter search that combines the results of all Cherenkov observatories of the present generation.
Culture-driven scripts for meetings: An integrative theoretical lens for studying workplace meetings

The current research conceptualizes workplace meetings as socially embedded forms of organizing and proposes that cross-cultural comparisons of workplace meetings offer insights into differences in meeting structures and processes. This provides a deeper understanding of how meetings drive organizing in different cultural settings. Specifically, we build programmatic theory proposing cognitive and behavioral scripts as a promising theoretical lens through which to capture and integrate sociocultural influences on workplace meetings. We adapt Cramton et al.'s (2021) cultural coordination scripts formulation (consisting of the task setting, role structure, temporal structure, and cues) to develop an interpretive framework for workplace meeting processes that orients future research on cross-cultural meetings. We further integrate existing research on cross-cultural meeting differences to develop a generic prototype meeting script and two illustrative examples of culturally specific meeting scripts (for German and U.S.-American meetings) to demonstrate the practical usefulness and usability of this programmatic theory. Plain Language Summary Workplace meetings are used by organizations to maintain their overarching goals and purpose. They are an important, maybe the most important, tool through which members of the organization ensure its functioning and the pursuit of its purpose. The form of meetings and the processes involved in carrying out meetings are influenced by the cultural context(s) in which the meeting is held and the organization resides. Previous research has identified meeting characteristics and processes that differ across cultures. Comparisons of meeting structures and processes embedded in different cultural contexts can help researchers explore how variations in meeting characteristics contribute to organizing in organizations. This in turn allows researchers to better illuminate, explain, and guide the management of meetings to support their core goals and purpose. In the current paper, we propose a novel way of conceptualizing, capturing, and studying cross-cultural variations in meeting structures and processes, using the lens of cognitive and behavioral scripts. Scripts are cognitive structures that organize knowledge around how events typically unfold and provide prescriptions for the ways in which actors should interact over time to achieve coordinated action in a task situation. We employ Cramton et al.'s (2021) cultural coordination scripts formulation to create a definition of meeting scripts as well as prototype meeting scripts that can provide the foundation for future meetings research and for improved facilitation of cross-cultural meetings in organizations. Furthermore, we build an overarching, integrative theoretical framework for understanding cross-cultural meeting differences, which will guide future research endeavors into and theorizing about meetings in different cultural contexts.
WATER ABSORPTION FROM GAS VERY NEAR THE MASSIVE PROTOSTAR AFGL 2136 IRS 1

We present ground-based observations of the ν1 and ν3 fundamental bands of H2O toward the massive protostar AFGL 2136 IRS 1, identifying absorption features due to 47 different ro-vibrational transitions between 2.468 μm and 2.561 μm. Analysis of these features indicates the absorption arises in warm (T = 506 ± 25 K), very dense (n(H2) > 5 × 109 cm−3) gas, suggesting an origin close to the central protostar. The total column density of warm water is estimated to be N(H2O) = (1.02 ± 0.02) × 1019 cm−2, giving a relative abundance of N(H2O)/N(H2) ≈ 10−4. Our study represents the first extensive use of water vapor absorption lines in the near infrared, and demonstrates the utility of such observations in deriving physical parameters.
THE COSMIC ABUNDANCE OF CLASSICAL MILKY WAY SATELLITES

We study the abundance of satellites akin to the brightest, classical dwarf spheroidals around galaxies similar in magnitude and isolation to the Milky Way and M31 in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. From a combination of photometric and spectroscopic redshifts, we bound the mean and the intrinsic scatter in the number of satellites down to 10 mag fainter than the Milky Way. Restricting to magnitudes brighter than Sagittarius, we show that the Milky Way is not a significant statistical outlier in its population of classical dwarf spheroidals. At fainter magnitudes, we find an upper limit of 13 on the mean number of satellites brighter than the Fornax dwarf spheroidal. Methods to improve these limits that utilize full photometric redshift distributions hold promise, but are currently limited by incompleteness at the very lowest redshifts. Theoretical models are left to explain why the majority of dark matter subhalos that orbit Milky-Way-like galaxies are inefficient at making galaxies at the luminosity scale of the brightest dwarf spheroidals, or why these subhalos predicted by ΛCDM do not exist.