Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Models for Heavy-tailed Asset Returns 1

Many of the concepts in theoretical and empirical finance developed over the past decades – including the classical portfolio theory, the BlackScholes-Merton option pricing model or the RiskMetrics variance-covariance approach to VaR – rest upon the assumption that asset returns follow a normal distribution. But this assumption is not justified by empirical data! Rather, the empirical observations exhibit excess kurtosis, more colloquially known as fat tails or heavy tails. This chapter is intended as a guide to heavy-tailed models. We first describe the historically oldest heavy-tailed model – the stable laws. Next, we briefly characterize their recent lighter-tailed generalizations, the socalled truncated and tempered stable distributions. Then we study the class of generalized hyperbolic laws, which – like tempered stable distributions – can be classified somewhere between infinite variance stable laws and the Gaussian distribution. Finally, we provide numerical examples.
Fusion Convolutional Neural Network for Cross-Subject EEG Motor Imagery Classification

Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) can help people with limited motor abilities to interact with their environment without external assistance. A major challenge in electroencephalogram (EEG)-based BCI development and research is the cross-subject classification of motor imagery data. Due to the highly individualized nature of EEG signals, it has been difficult to develop a cross-subject classification method that achieves sufficiently high accuracy when predicting the subject’s intention. In this study, we propose a multi-branch 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) that utilizes different hyperparameter values for each branch and is more flexible to data from different subjects. Our model, EEGNet Fusion, achieves 84.1% and 83.8% accuracy when tested on the 103-subject eegmmidb dataset for executed and imagined motor actions, respectively. The model achieved statistically significantly higher results compared with three state-of-the-art CNN classifiers: EEGNet, ShallowConvNet, and DeepConvNet. However, the computational cost of the proposed model is up to four times higher than the model with the lowest computational cost used for comparison.
Disseminated Trichosporonosis:The First Case Report in China

Objective To report the first case of disseminated trichosporonosis in China. Methods A series of clinical,histopathologic,and mycologic studies were carried out in a 20 year-old-female patient,who had no definite underlying disease.The causative fungus was identified according to culture,biochemical test and DNA sequencing. Results Abundant fungal spores,yeasts and hyphae were shown in the specimens taken from infectious granulomas.The fungal colonies in the culture of skin lesions or crusts,liver, oral psedomembrane,vagina,nasal cavity,urine,and stool were the same.The colonies exhibited creamy white to yellowish in color,rugose on the surface,and hyphae at the periphery.Under microscopy,there were a lot of rectangular arthrospores,round or oval spores with or without buddings,as well as branched and septate filaments.The isolated fungus was unanimously identified as Trichosporon asahii(No. AS 2.2174) through culture,biochemistry and molecular biology tests.The patient's condition was improved obviously after the combination treatment of amphotericin B liposome(Amphotec) and fluconazole. Conclusion The extensive and lasting systemic impairments caused by T. asahii have scarcely been reported at home and abroad.Combination therapy with amphotericin B and fluconazole is effective. Key words: Trichosporon; Trichosporonosis
EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN NONNEGATIVE SOLUTIONS TO PARTIAL SPARSE AND WEIGHTED l1-NORM MINIMIZATIONS

Based on the range space property (RSP), the equivalent conditions between nonnegative solutions to the partial sparse and the corresponding weighted l1-norm minimization problem are studied in this paper. Different from other conditions based on the spark property, the mutual coherence, the null space property (NSP) and the restricted isometry property (RIP), the RSPbased conditions are easier to be verified. Moreover, the proposed conditions guarantee not only the strong equivalence, but also the equivalence between the two problems. First, according to the foundation of the strict complementarity theorem of linear programming, a sufficient and necessary condition, satisfying the RSP of the sensing matrix and the full column rank property of the corresponding sub-matrix, is presented for the unique nonnegative solution to the weighted l1-norm minimization problem. Then, based on this condition, the equivalence conditions between the two problems are proposed. Finally, this paper shows that the matrix with the RSP of order k can guarantee the strong equivalence of the two problems.
Audiovisuelle Realisierung des subjektiven

Speech intelligibility can be positively influenced by the combination of auditory and visual speech information. Not only do people with hearing Saskia Ibelings Michael Schulte difficulties benefit from the additional information provided by themouth Melanie Krüger image, but also those with normal hearing. However, the results regardInga Holube ing listening effort have so far been ambiguous. Although one study showed a decrease in listening effort, another showed an increase in listening effort when the mouse image was also presented. The aim of 1 Hörzentrum Oldenburg GmbH, Oldenburg, Germany the current study was to measure subjective listening effort in an audiovisual situation when compared to a purely acoustic presentation. The 2 Institute of Hearing Technology und Audiology, adaptive scaling method ACALES (Adaptive CAtegorical Listening Effort Scaling, see Krueger et al., J Acoust Soc Am. 2017 06;141(6):4680–93) Jade University of Applied was used. Since ACALES has previously only been used for purely Sciences, Oldenburg, Germany acoustic stimuli, it was first necessary to extend the method to play videos. In the acoustic as well as in the audiovisual condition, sentences 3 Cluster of excellence “Hearing4All”, Oldenburg, Germany of the Oldenburg sentence test (OLSA) were presented in the presence of different background noises. Additionally, in the audiovisual condition the correspondingmouth image of the speaker was shown on a screen. The measurements were performed with 15 young participants that had normal hearing and ten older participants with hearing impairment. Besidesmeasuring listening effort in acoustic and audiovisual conditions for different maskers, the intraand inter-individual standard deviation, as well as the test-retest-reliability, were determined. A dependence on the masker was found for both conditions. In addition to a significant difference between audiovisual and acoustic conditions, there was also a significant difference between the subject groups. The measurement method is suitable for recording interindividual differences in the evaluation of listening effort and has a good reliability
ACCURACY AND EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF POINT-CENTERED QUARTER METHOD VARIATIONS FOR VEGETATION SAMPLING IN AN ARAUCARIA FOREST1

In order to verify Point-Centered Quarter Method (PCQM) accuracy and efficiency, using different numbers of individuals by per sampled area, in 28 quarter points in an Araucaria forest, southern Paraná, Brazil. Three variations of the PCQM were used for comparison associated to the number of sampled individual trees: standard PCQM (SD-PCQM), with four sampled individuals by point (one in each quarter), second measured (VAR1-PCQM), with eight sampled individuals by point (two in each quarter), and third measuring (VAR2-PCQM), with 16 sampled individuals by points (four in each quarter). Thirty-one species of trees were recorded by the SD-PCQM method, 48 by VAR1-PCQM and 60 by VAR2-PCQM. The level of exhaustiveness of the vegetation census and diversity index showed an increasing number of individuals considered by quadrant, indicating that VAR2-PCQM was the most accurate and efficient method when compared with VAR1-PCQM and SD-PCQM.
When Do Experts Listen to Other Experts? The Role of Negative Information in Expert Evaluations For Novel Projects

The evaluation of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet literature suggests that this process is subject to inconsistency and potential biases. This paper investigates the role of information sharing among experts as the driver of evaluation decisions. We designed and executed two field experiments in two separate grant funding opportunities at a leading research university to explore evaluators’ receptivity to assessments from other evaluators. Collectively, our experiments mobilized 369 evaluators from seven universities to evaluate 97 projects resulting in 761 proposal-evaluation pairs and over $300,000 in awards. We exogenously varied the relative valence (positive and negative) of others’ scores, to determine how exposures to higher and lower scores affect the focal evaluator’s propensity to change the initial score. We found causal evidence of negativity bias, where evaluators are more likely to lower their scores after seeing critical scores than raise them after seeing better scores. Qualitative coding and topic modelling of the evaluators’ justifications for score changes reveal that exposures to lower scores prompted greater attention to uncovering weaknesses, whereas exposures to neutral or higher scores were associated with strengths, along with greater emphasis on non-evaluation criteria, such as confidence in one’s judgment. Overall, information sharing among expert evaluators can lead to more conservative allocation decisions that favor protecting against failure than maximizing success.
A DISTRIBUTIONAL VERSION OF THE FERENC

The theorem of F. Lukács determines the generalized jumps of a periodic, integrable function in terms of a logarithmic average of the partial sums of its conjugate Fourier series. Recently, F. Móricz gave a version of Lukács result for the Abel-Poisson means of the conjugate Fourier series, under an extended notion of jump. In this article we give a generalization that applies to periodic distributions under a much extended notion of jump, namely, that of distributional point values of Lojasiewicz. Our generalization is obtained by obtaining results on the local boundary behaviour of an analytic function with distributional boundary values near a point where the boundary generalized function has a jump.
Discus (Canaridiscus) rupivagus sp. nov., a rock-dwelling species from La Gomera, Canary Islands (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Discidae)

Yanes et al. (2011) assume that the endemic Discidae from the Madeiran and Canarian Islands are members of the single genus Atlantica Ancey, with Atlantica s.str. and Canaridiscus Alonso & Ibanez as subgenera. As long as the anatomy of the type-species of Atlantica [Discus guerinianus (R.T. Lowe) from Madeira] is not known however, we do not follow this designation but maintain the genus Discus with the subgenera Atlantica and Canaridiscus. The subgenus Canaridiscus has been established by Alonso & Ibanez (in Yanes et al. 2011) for two newly discovered Canarian species, anagaensis Ibanez & D. Holyoak from the northeastern Anaga mountains (Tenerife), and saproxylophagus Alonso, G. Holyoak & Yanes from the National Park of Garajonay (La Gomera). The most remarkable feature of the new taxon is the genital system with a long or very long penis, unknown in other Discidae. Here we deal with the occurence of an additional Canaridiscus species, living near Casas de Encherada in the eastern part of La Gomera, where it has been found hidden in narrow rock crevices.
Optimal Energy Management and Storage Sizing for Electric Vehicles by

Optimal Energy Management and Storage Sizing for Electric Vehicles Alok Deshpande Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2019 Battery degradation reduces the performance and lifetime of electric vehicles (EVs). Using energy storage devices with different characteristics alongside the battery can minimize degradation while ensuring that the storage system is always able to satisfy driving demands. However, this introduces the additional complexity of designing the devices and controlling them in real-time. In this thesis, we first provide a computationally tractable method to optimally manage power sharing between dual energy storages using approximate linear programming (ALP). We furthermore propose a problem to determine the optimal sizes of the two storages that allows a trade-off between vehicle range and other costs associated with increased storage size. We validate our approaches on a real EV design. Numerical results show that our energy management controller allows for optimal power-sharing with tunable approximation in the number of basis vectors of the ALP, and that our sizing procedure provides a design with locally minimal cost.
DEPENDENT CHOICE , PROPERNESS , AND GENERIC

We show that Dependent Choice is a sufficient choice principle for developing the basic theory of proper forcing, and for deriving generic absoluteness for the Chang model in the presence of large cardinals, even with respect to DC-preserving symmetric submodels of forcing extensions. Hence, ZF+DC not only provides the right framework for developing classical analysis, but is also the right base theory over which to safeguard truth in analysis from the independence phenomenon in the presence of large cardinals. We also investigate some basic consequences of the Proper Forcing Axiom in ZF, and formulate a natural question about the generic absoluteness of the Proper Forcing Axiom in ZF + DC and ZFC. Our results confirm ZF + DC as a natural foundation for a significant portion of “classical mathematics” and provide support to the idea of this theory being also a natural foundation for a large
Effect of high-energy low-protein diet supplemented with biotin on fat metabolism of laying hens

The experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of biotin on fat metabolism and fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS) in laying hens.One hundred and thirty five healthy birds(Hy-line Variety Brown laying hens,Gallus domesticus) aged 300 days were randomly allotted into 3 dietary treatments of 45 broilers each.The groups were:1) group 1(control,semisynthetic commercial layer standard diet in accordance with the nutrient requirements of poultry(National Research Councile,1998));2) group 2(high energy-low protein diet which were partially formulated in accordance with controls;3) group 3(the high energy-low protein diet supplemented with 0.3 mg biotin/kg DM). All birds were reared for 60 days.Nine hens from each group were selected to collecte samples including serum and liver on 1,30,60 day,respectively.The serum indexs relevant to fat metabolism in serum and/or liver were investigated.The results as follows:as compared to the control,laying performance and HDL-C on the 30th and 60th day in the group 2 decreased.TG,TC,LDL-C,ALT,AST in serum and the ratio of liver fat and abdominal fat increased.Laying performance,HDL-C,TG,TC,LDL-C,ALT,AST in serum and the ratio of liver fat and abdominal fat in the group 3 on the 30th day have no difference.Laying performance and HDL-C on the 60th day in the group 3 decreased.TG,TC,LDL-C,ALT,AST in serum and the ratio of liver fat and abdominal fat increased.As compared to group 2,laying performance and HDL-C on the 30th and 60th day in the group 3 decreased.TG,TC,LDLC,ALT,AST in serum and the ratio of liver fat and abdominal fat increased.The results suggested that high energy-low protein diet can be used for the pathology model building of FLHS.The high energy-low protein diet supplemented with 0.3 mg biotin/kg DM may affect fat metabolism in laying hen and prevent FLHS.
Evaluation of Sesame (Sesamun indicum) production in Ghana.

1 SUMMARY There is lack of information on sesame agronomy and constraints to production including its soil preferences in Ghana. This is a key constraint to its commercial cultivation. This study evaluated sesame performance and generated agronomic data for the transitional agro ecological zone of Ghana. Yields obtained using three adopted Asian varieties averaged 688kg ha, which was higher than 383kg ha reported in commercial production elsewhere. Although there were significant differences in yields between one site and the others, seed weight per ten capsules or per five plants were similar indicating that our varied soil properties and cropping histories had no influence. The key factor in yield differences among the sites is thus attributed to seedling emergence and establishment. Sites that were sandy within the 10cm upper soil depth and with a good nutrient status between the 1030cm soil depth were superior in yield (1176kg ha) as it aided seedling emergence optimizing plant population density (250,000 plants ha) and supported good plant growth. The results of this study have demonstrated that sesame can be profitably produced in Ghana and other areas with similar agro ecologies. However, further research is recommended in plant-pest interactions and farmer scale production that can influence the productivity of sesame.
“Them’s the men that does their work best”: The Northern subject rule revisited

This paper addresses a set of issues concerning the analysis and historical development of the so-called Northern subject rule (NSR), which characterises many northern varieties of English. Based on an investigation of NSR effects in the Northern Middle English York plays, we present a new account of the NSR that combines a DM analysis of the relevant agreement markers with the idea that inflectional heads lacking phi-features (“blank generation”, Roberts 2010) may acquire agreement features via the incorporation of adjacent subject pronouns. Based on this analysis, we suggest a new scenario for the historical development of the NSR, arguing that after the breakdown of the Old English agreement system, the NSR developed via dialect contact between northern and southern varieties. More precisely, we propose that syncopated verb forms (resulting from southern Agr-weakening) were integrated into the northern grammar as marked agreement formatives that contrasted with the generalized -s-ending.
Biochar Application in Combination with Inorganic Nitrogen Improves Maize Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake, and Use Efficiency in Temperate Soils

Biochar (B) has shown promise in improving crop productivity. However, its interaction with inorganic nitrogen (N) in temperate soils is not well-studied. The objective of this paper was to compare the effect of fertilizer N-biochar-combinations (NBC) and N fertilizer (NF) on maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield, N uptake, and N use efficiency (NUE). Trials were conducted in 2018 and 2019 at Efaw and Lake Carl Blackwell (LCB) in Oklahoma, USA. A randomized complete block design with three replications and ten treatments consisting of 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha−1 and 5, 10, and 15 Mg B ha−1 was used. At LCB, yield, N uptake, and NUE under NBC increased by 25%, 28%, and 46%, respectively compared to NF. At Efaw, yield, N uptake, and NUE decreased under NBC by 5%, 7%, and 19%, respectively, compared to NF. Generally, results showed a significant response to NBC at ≥10 Mg B ha−1. While results were inconsistent across locations, the significant response to NBC was evident at LCB with sandy loam soil but not Efaw with silty clay loam. Biochar application with inorganic N could improve N use and the yield of maize cultivated on sandy soils with poor physical and chemical properties.
The genetic variants of exon 11 of MEF2A gene in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Objective To explore the variation of the exon 11 of MEF2A gene in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods With polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP)and DNA direct sequencing,the variation analysis of the exon 11 of MEF2A gene was performed in 263 sporadic patients with AMI and 207 non-coronary artery disease controls.Results Based on the diversity of the mobility shift of SSCP,the exon 11 of MEF2A gene was sequenced in 200 patients and 101 controls,and 4 variants were found:Site A,a repeated CAG sequence located at 8290-8319,resulted in an amino acid length polymorphism that the number of polyglutamine tandem repeats varied between 4 and 15;Site B,another amino acid length polymorphism:the number of proline tandem repeats varied as 4 or 5(431-435),with two genotype:"ccgccaccaccg" and "ccgccgccaccaccg";Site C,a synonymous variant G→A localized at 8334;Site D,another synonymous variant G→T localized at 8382.There was no significant difference for the incidence of all four variants between two groups.Conclusion Four polymorphisms in exon 11 of MEF2A gene are found in Chinese patients with AMI,however,they seem not to be related to the pathogenesis of AMI.
Integration of Interprofessional Education Within the Didactic Aspect of Athletic Training Programs

Accreditation competencies have been updated to include interprofessional education (IPE) as a required focus for health care students. While the development and implementation of IPE learning activities have been documented in other professions, there is a dearth of information describing didactic integration of IPE within athletic training program curricula. To ascertain how IPE is being integrated within the didactic curriculum of athletic training programs. Consensual qualitative approach. Higher education institutions with accredited professional master's athletic training programs. Seventeen program faculty (9 women, 8 men; 1 program director, 14 clinical education coordinators, 2 other program faculty) shared their perspectives on integrating IPE. Semistructured phone interviews were used. All interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed. Upon achievement of data saturation, a consensual qualitative analysis approach was employed to determine themes. Data trustworthiness was achieved through triangulation, member checking, and use of an external auditor. More than half of the programs represented in this study (11 of 17) report that IPE activities are a required component of their didactic curriculum. Themes for integration of IPE include delivery methods, educational content and objectives, assessment, and logistics. Sample IPE activities include case-based discussions, dedicated IPE courses, online modules, and simulation. Integration of IPE into the curriculum requires logistical considerations such as determining which health care disciplines to include, resources available (time, space, personnel), as well as overall institutional support. Program faculty in our study described varied methods to deliver IPE learning activities that meet content goals and objectives. Prior to integrating IPE into an athletic training curriculum, program faculty should determine the method of delivery and what content will work to achieve the goals of relevant stakeholders. Consideration of these components for didactic integration should work to create cohesive and meaningful learning experiences.