Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the Synthesis of Biodiesel via Ultrasound-Enhanced Base-Catalyzed Transesterification of Soybean Oil Using a Multifrequency Ultrasonic Reactor

Biodiesel has become one of the premier forms of alternative energy sources. However, its growth is hindered by the cost of production, which makes it uncompetitive compared to petrodiesel. Hence, research efforts are ongoing to reduce the cost of production of biodiesel using various emerging approaches. Ultrasound has been reported to aid biodiesel formation at relatively lower energy costs. However, not many reports are available that give in-depth analysis of the effects of ultrasound on biodiesel formation. This paper reports the result of a study to evaluate the effect of high-frequency ultrasound on the synthesis of biodiesel from soybean oil using methanol and potassium hydroxide as catalysts. The effects of various parameters, such as ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency, oil/methanol molar ratio, catalyst loading, and temperature, on biodiesel formation were studied to optimize the process. It is shown that high-frequency ultrasound can achieve >90% conversions within 30 min with relatively lo.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF FISH FARMERS IN TRIPURA, INDIA

Fisheries sector plays a very important role in socio spite of different measures being taken by the Government of Tripura to make the state fish self sufficient, a large amount of fish are still being impor This indicates existence of positive gap between demand and supply which can be filled up if appropriate policy measure towards strengthening the condition of fishermen is undertaken. Any policy measure to be su farmers are the key stakeholders of fisheries sector. Hence, to address the issues related to development of fisheries sector of the state, the status of fish farmers of the s understood. Present study is an effort towards this direction. Using multi farmers are selected from two major fish producing districts of the state for the present study. The study reveals that fish farmers in th income (Rs. 24,940/ whole (Rs. 69,705/ good (90%) but overall level of education is found to be very poor with majority having only secondary level of education. Majority of the farmers (55%) is found to be residing in the houses of kachha found to be reasonably good. The study, after examining all the indicators, comes to the conclusion that overall situation of the fish farmer stakeholders of the state is miserable which needs to be improved
FACTORS AFFECTING UNDERPRICING IN THE COMPANY THAT DOES IPO IN BEI PERIOD 2004-2014

This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence underpricing on IPO. Variables used in this research is Underwriter Reputation (RU), Auditor Reputation (RA), Company Age (AGE), firm size (SIZE), Financial Leverage (FL), Return on Equity (ROE) and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) , This study uses a quantitative approach with a model of multiple linear regression analysis. This study used a sample of companies that conduct an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in the period 2004 to 2014 that are listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The number of observations used in this study were 204 observations. The results showed that the companies doing IPOs in the period 2004-2014, the variable underwriter reputation, auditor reputation, and return on equity significantly negative effect on underpricing, while variable firm age, firm size, financial leverage, and total asset turnover negative not significantly to underpricing .
The Relationship between Burnout and Spiritual Intelligence among Dental Residents in Shiraz, Iran

Background: Burnout, as the consequence of uncontrolled chronic stress, can lead to less efficient clinical performance. Spiritual intelligence enables the individuals to manage their carrier more efficiently. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between spiritual intelligence and burnout among dental residents. Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study included all dental residents in Shiraz Dental School during 2019, except for those who were no willing to participate in the study. Of 72 dental residents, 57 participated in the study and filled out the questionnaires. Maslach Burnout Inventory and King’s Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaires were used to collect the data. The Maslach’s Questionnaire consists of three domains: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Results: The results showed that 91.2% of the participants experienced a high degree of reduced personal accomplishment. Reduced personal accomplishment had a significant correlation with almost all spiritual intelligence dimensions: personal meaning (r=-0.345, P=0.009), transcendental awareness (r=0.280, P=0.035), and conscious state expansion (r=-0.268, P=0.044). Moreover, personal meaning was inversely correlated with emotional exhaustion (r=-0.411, P=0.002). The scores of spiritual intelligence and burnout dimensions had no significant differences based on marital status, gender, and academic year, except for gender in critical thinking domain(P=0.020). Conclusion: The participants experienced high degrees of burnout in reduced personal accomplishment domain. The level of spiritual intelligence was moderate among the participants. In general, the higher scores of spiritual intelligence dimensions were correlated to higher personal accomplishment as a main dimension of burnout. Policymakers should adopt methods to reduce burnout and improve spiritual dimensions. Please cite this article as: Yaghoubi Z, Babazadeh S, Karimzadeh Sharaf F, Shafieian R, Behbahanirad A. The Relationship between Burnout and Spiritual Intelligence among Dental Residents in Shiraz, Iran. J Health Sci Surveillance Sys. 2020;8(4):162-167.
INFLUENCE OF PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS’ PRACTICE ON PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA

The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of project management practices on performance of construction projects in Kakamega County, Kenya. The specific objective was to assess the influence of project stakeholders’ practice on performance of construction projects in Kakamega County, Kenya; The study adopted a mixed research design which included descriptive survey, and correlation. The target population was 1761 respondents comprised of 925 Early Childhood Development Education managers, 62 County polytechnics managers, 765 modern stall managers and 9 managers of County modern markets. A sample size of 326 respondents comprised of 171 managers of Early Childhood Development Education, 11 managers of County polytechnics, 142 stall managers and 2 managers of county modern markets. The sampling technique that was used was stratified random sampling and purposive sampling. For primary data questionnaires was used as the main data collection instruments and was in form of a five likert scale with both closed and open ended. Multiple sources were used to collect secondary data; the respondents filled in the answers in the spaces provided to collect information required. Pilot study was done using 32 respondents. Reliability was measured using Cronbach’s Alpha. Validity of the instruments was measured using a team of experts in the field of project management who are in charge of the area of study. Data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods. The study found out that project stakeholders’ practice had a strong positive significant influence on performance of construction projects in Kakamega County, Kenya . The study recommended that Stakeholders ‘in the construction sector should formulate clear strategies in decision.
Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Verbal Fluency in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

212 Ad dress for Cor res pon den ce/Ya z›fl ma Ad re si: Tuğçe Çabuk, Bilkent University Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology and National Magnetic Resonance Research Center UMRAM, Ankara, Turkey Phone: +90 312 290 34 15 E-mail: tugce1cabuk@gmail.com ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-1349 Re cei ved/Ge lifl Ta ri hi: 24.10. 2019 Ac cep ted/Ka bul Ta ri hi: 31.03. 2020 ©Copyright 2020 by Turkish Neurological Society Turkish Journal of Neurology published by Galenos Publishing House. Objective: The objective of this research was to compare the verbal fluency skills of patients diagnosed as having amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) with the participants without neurologic or psychiatric problems through quantitative and qualitative analysis, and to determine in which aspects patients with aMCI differed from the control group. Materials and Methods: The sample of this study consisted of 20 individuals who presented to Özel Acıbadem Eskisehir Hospital with the symptom of forgetfulness and were diagnosed as having aMCI, and a healthy control group of the same size (n=20). All participants were administered preplanned verbal fluency tests that are valid and reliable, specifically for the mother language. Intergroup comparisons were made in the light of quantitative and qualitative assessments. Through the quantitative analysis, the total number of words produced in a limited amount of time under certain conditions was evaluated, and through the qualitative analysis, clustering and switching skills and error patterns such as perseveration and category violation were assessed. Results: It was determined that the aMCI group showed a deterioration in verbal fluency skills, and individuals with aMCI had significantly lower scores on both phonemic (u=296.5, p<0.05) and semantic (u=296, p<0.05) verbal fluency tests when compared with the control group. In terms of the clustering extent and category violation, there was no significant difference between the groups in both phonemic and semantic categories (p>0.05 for all comparisons). In phonemic verbal fluency tests, word switching skills of the patient group were significantly lower than those of the control group (u=279, p<0.05). In the semantic fluency test, the perseveration ratio was significantly higher in the aMCI group than in the control group (u=96.5, p<0.05). Conclusion: The results support the view that verbal fluency tests are one of the effective ways of distinguishing a healthy old-aged individual from an individual with aMCI.
Time budget pressure on audit quality with audit structure, independence, and audit supervision as moderating variable

Submitted: 18 July 2020 Revised: 09 August 2020 Accepted: 27 September 2020 The audit quality of the public accounting firm / KAP was questioned as there were several cases of fraud, irregularity, and other unhealthy accounting practices that linked several public companies that had been audited and obtained an unqualified opinion / WTP. Empirical research shows that time budget pressure has an effect on audit quality but is not linear because moderating factors are suspected, including time budget pressure, audit structure, independence, and audit supervision. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of time budget pressure on audit quality. The population of KAP auditors in Bali Province and the research sample was determined by purposive sampling method. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) technique through the following stages: classical assumption test, model feasibility test (F test), determination coefficient analysis (Ajd. R2), research hypothesis testing (ttest) for both partial and moderating effect. The results of the research show that time budget pressure has a negative effect but not statistically significant on audit quality. Furthermore, audit structure, independence, audit supervision attenuate the negative effects of time budget pressure on audit quality.
Growth performance of tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) fed with different protein levels and energy/protein ratios on diet

Tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) is a potential species which is developed as aquaculture commodity but it has slow growth. This study aimed to determine the best protein level and energy/protein ratio for the growth of tinfoil barb fingerlings. This study used factorial design of 4 x 2, i.e. protein levels (25, 30, 35 and 40%) and energy/protein ratios (8 and 10 kcal g protein) with 3 replications. The rearing was done in 24 aquarium units sizing 60 x 40 x 40 cm filled with 60 L water. Then, tinfoil barb fingerlings with an initial weight of 6.89±0.62 g were reared for 60 days at a stocking density of 20 individuals per aquarium. The results showed that protein level and energy/protein ratio had a significant effect on protein retention (PR), fat retention (FR), energy retention (ER), final weight, specific growth rate (SGR), conditional factor (CF) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p < 0.05). While the interaction between protein level and energy/protein ratio only significantly influenced to FR and SGR (p < 0.05). The protein level at a value of 35% with an energy/protein ratio of 10 kcal g protein could produce the highest PR and FR (p < 0.05). In addition, the feed containing 35% protein and an energy/protein ratio of 10 kcal g protein also produced SGR (2.15±0.07%) which was higher than other treatments. There was no mortality of the fish during the experiment (survival rate, SR 100%). Hence, it was concluded that the feed containing 35% protein and an energy/protein ratio of 10 kcal g which used as a treatment in this study resulted in the best growth performance of tinfoil barb fingerlings.
ROLE OF CENTRAL GHRELIN IN MAINTAINING ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS

MANSOURA MEDICAL JOURNAL ABSTRACT Background In the past few years, much progress has been made in the understanding of how people maintain body weight and how energy homeostasis is affected. Many homeostastic processes including appetite and food intake are controlled by neuroendocrine circuits involving the C.N. S. Mean while the C.N. S. may directly regulates adipocyte metabolism. Objective In this work we aim to show and prove that central ghrelin in physiological not pharmacological dose plays an important role in maintenance of energy homeostasis. Methods 2 sets of experiments were carried out to investigate both the acute and chronic effects of intracerebroventricular Ghrelin on energy homestasis and adipocyte metabolism. Each set of experiment include 3 groups, each group consists of 8 rats : group A (control group) : Were injected daily with saline in a dose of 5 ML saline, group B (physiological dose group) Were injected daily with ghrelin in a dose of 2.5 nmol, group C (pharmacological dose group): Were injected daily with ghrelin in a dose of 4 nmole. For all groups, samples were collected both in the fasting and in the postprandial states. In the acute study, the rats were sacrificed after 24 hours and in the chronic study, the rats were sacrificed after 6 days. In all chronic groups beside the blood samples: the epididymal white adipose tissue was dissected for estimation of triglyROLE OF CENTRAL GHRELIN IN MAINTAINING ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS
Gamma Irradiation-Derived , Methionine-Enriched Mutant Lines of Lathyrus sativus L .

Methionine (Met), an essential sulphur-containing amino acid, is supposed to protect from lathyrism disease caused by over-consumption of Lathyrus sativus (grass pea). There is a strong and positive association between moisture stress and the biosynthesis of the crippling lathyrism causative molecule, 3-(N-oxalyl)-L-2, 3-diamino propionic acid ( -ODAP). Seeds of L. sativus local cv. ‘Debre Zeit’ were irradiated using 40 kR gamma cell irradiation aimed at genetic alteration in favour of overproduction of Met-based seed proteins. The amino acid determination in seeds were analysed using HPLC with pre-column PITC derivatization. Three morpho-phenotypically distinct mutant lines were identified and selected from irradiated clusters, which displayed glittering deep green leaves, stem and pods, smaller leaf and plant size, and reasonable yield compared to the parental line. Observation of root growth response in ethionine media supported the phenotypic and chromatograph findings. Chemical analysis of seeds revealed that the putative mutants had 63% improved Met over the parent (control). This level shifts the Met supply capacity of grass pea from 25% in the parent line to 50% in the altered putative mutant lines. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF PREMARITAL SEX IN GASHUA COMMUNITY OF YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

The problem of premarital sex in Nigeria is very worrisome. However, the studies on premarital sex were concentrated in the southern parts of the country with only few of them carried out in the northern parts. The study was conducted, therefore, to bridge the gap. The study utilized survey design with implementation of qualitative method. Fifteen interviews schedules were conducted across seven wards within Gashua community, the fifteen respondents who participated in the study were sampled through convenience sampling method under non-probability sampling technique. The study made use of content analysis to analyse the data collected from the interview schedules but simple percentages were used to analyse the set of bio-data collected from respondents. The findings show that 53.3% of respondents were male and 46.7% were female. Sixty percent were Muslims and 40,0% were Christians. The research findings revealed that premarital sex is a social problem because it is very high and it negates the values and norms of the society. Poverty, lack of sex education, curiosity about sex, bad parental care, indiscipline and media were identified as causes of premarital sex in Gashua community. Bad reputation, deterioration of physical appearance, teenage pregnancy, single motherhood, complications during child birth, unsafe abortion, disrespect to parents, likelihood of infidelity in marriage, unnecessary independence for the youth and spread of sexually transmitted diseases were all discussed by respondents as effects of premarital sex. The study recommends sex education within family, school and community, organized family structure, total abstinence from sex before marriage and strictness to religious rules and values.
Children and the Internet: Between Freedom and Protection

The relationship between children and the Internet is important in public discourse to government and more broadly in society. Yet there is a tension between allowing children the freedom to explore the Internet and its benefits and protecting them from its harms. This study investigates the Internet usage habits of children in Egypt, comparing their experiences and motivations with their western counterparts. It investigates the process of parental monitoring in and outside of the home from the perspectives of both children and adults. The study investigates specifically the variable of gender in these issues and practices. It asks who is responsible for children’s online protection: parents, governments, civil societies, ISPs, schools? It also offers a cross-cultural perspective on children’s and parents’ attitudes and responses to the growing number of children online.
What Makes an Effective TESOL Teacher in the Gulf? An Empirical Exploration of Faculty-Student Perceptions for Context-Specific Teacher Preparation

Teacher education continues to remain an area of exploration and further development in contemporary research. One significant question that dominates discussions that focus on teacher development is “what makes them effective for their students? ” Research on context-specific teaching informs us that the metaphor “effective teacher” can be best described in light of the characteristics associated with the term in the context where this is being discussed and negotiated. Although the general list of qualities helps understand the dominant attributes of good teachers in the field, they do not always answer whether this makes a teacher successful in a specific context. To fill this gap, and to determine what teacher characteristics are valued the most in the Gulf context, the present study investigated faculty-student beliefs about the qualities of an effective English teacher using a mixed methods research design that utilized a bilingual survey to collect quantitative data from 66 teachers and 527 students, and individual interviews with 10 faculties and 14 students to further unpack the findings. This study reports that a teacher’s ability to employ an efficient teaching methodology and develop a compassionate relationship with their students, regardless of their gender, age, nationality and accent, are the most preferred qualities of an effective English teacher in the Gulf. These findings are helpful for educators, policymakers, teacher trainers, education leaders, and researchers in employing, developing, and designing teacher-training programs in specific contexts
MR-labelled liposomes and focused ultrasound for spatiotemporally controlled drug release in triple negative breast cancers in mice

Rationale: Image-guided, triggerable, drug delivery systems allow for precisely placed and highly localised anti-cancer treatment. They contain labels for spatial mapping and tissue uptake tracking, providing key location and timing information for the application of an external stimulus to trigger drug release. High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU or FUS) is a non-invasive approach for treating small tissue volumes and is particularly effective at inducing drug release from thermosensitive nanocarriers. Here, we present a novel MR-imageable thermosensitive liposome (iTSL) for drug delivery to triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). Methods: A macrocyclic gadolinium-based Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) contrast agent was covalently linked to a lipid. This was incorporated at 30 mol% into the lipid bilayer of a thermosensitive liposome that was also encapsulating doxorubicin. The resulting iTSL-DOX formulation was assessed for physical and chemical properties, storage stability, leakage of gadolinium or doxorubicin, and thermal- or FUS-induced drug release. Its effect on MRI relaxation time was tested in phantoms. Mice with tumours were used for studies to assess both tumour distribution and contrast enhancement over time. A lipid-conjugated near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) probe was also included in the liposome to facilitate the real time monitoring of iTSL distribution and drug release in tumours by NIRF bioimaging. TNBC (MDA-MB-231) tumour-bearing mice were then used to demonstrate the efficacy at retarding tumour growth and increasing survival. Results: iTSL-DOX provided rapid FUS-induced drug release that was dependent on the acoustic power applied. It was otherwise found to be stable, with minimum leakage of drug and gadolinium into buffers or under challenging conditions. In contrast to the usually suggested longer FUS treatment we identified that brief (~3 min) FUS significantly enhanced iTSL-DOX uptake to a targeted tumour and triggered near-total release of encapsulated doxorubicin, causing significant growth inhibition in the TNBC mouse model. A distinct reduction in the tumours' average T1 relaxation times was attributed to the iTSL accumulation. Conclusions: We demonstrate that tracking iTSL in tumours using MRI assists the application of FUS for precise drug release and therapy.