Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oroclines of the southern New England Orogen, eastern Australia

A series of tight bends (oroclines) are recognised in the late Paleozoic-early Mesozoic southern New England Orogen between Brisbane and Newcastle, but their exact geometry and tectonic evolution are still debated. This contribution provides an outline of the different tectonic elements within the orogen and the relationships of these elements with the oroclinal structure. Pre-oroclinal tectonic elements were derived from a Devonian-Carboniferous subduction zone, and include forearc basin terranes and accretionary wedge rocks that are separated from each other by a narrow belt of serpentinites and high-pressure rocks. Rocks are predominantly steeply dipping and their map-view pattern delineates three bends: the Z-shaped Texas and Coifs Harbour oroclines in the north and the U-shaped Manning Orocline in the south. During the early Permian (298-288 Ma), the area was affected by widespread, mostly S-type, magmatism that heralded a period of crustal extension accompanied by the formation of sedimentary rift basins. The spatial distribution of early Permian granitoids mimics the shape of the oroclines, which further defines a fourth bend, the Nambucca Orocline. Whether these curvatures formed by bending of a quasi-linear belt, or as primary early Permian arcuate features, is an unresolved question that warrants further paleomagnetic, geochronological and structural investigations.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA IDENTITAS ETNIK DENGAN PRASANGKA TERHADAP ETNIK TOLAKI PADA MAHASISWA MUNA DI UNIVERSITAS HALUOLEO KENDARI SULAWESI TENGGARA

Kampus sebagai tempat peradaban yang multietnik berpotensi melahirkan konflik antaretnik. Maraknya konflik yang ditengarai bernuansa etnik yang terjadi di lingkungan kampus Universitas Haluoleo (Unhalu) mendorong peneliti melakukan penelitian tentang identitas etnik dan prasangka etnik salah satu etnik asli Sulawesi Tenggara dan sebagai etnik Pendatang di Kota Kendari, yaitu etnik Muna, terhadap etnik asli Kota Kendari yaitu etnik Tolaki. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara identitas etnik dengan prasangka terhadap etnik Tolaki pada mahasiswa Muna di Universitas Haluoleo Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan dua alat ukur yang disusun sendiri oleh peneliti. Alat ukur yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa skala, yaitu Skala Prasangka Terhadap Etnik Tolaki dan Skala Identitas Etnik. Sampel penelitian adalah 248 mahasiswa Universitas Haluoleo Kendari yang memiliki latar belakang etnik Muna serta berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposif random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis regresi sederhana. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi (rxy) sebesar 0,356 dengan p= 0,000 (p<0,05). Angka tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara variabel identitas etnik dengan prasangka terhadap etnik Tolaki. Arah hubungan kedua variabel positif, yaitu semakin kuat identitas etnik maka akan semakin tinggi pula prasangka terhadap etnik Tolaki pada mahasiswa Muna di Universitas Haluoleo Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara. Dengan demikian hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini diterima yaitu ada hubungan positif antara identitas etnik dengan prasangka terhadap etnik Tolaki. Semakin kuat identitas etnik maka akan semakin tinggi prasangka terhadap etnik Tolaki, dan sebaliknya, semakin lemah identitas etnik maka semakin rendah pula prasangka terhadap etnik Tolaki. Kata Kunci : Identitas Etnik, Prasangka, Etnik Muna, Mahasiswa Permalink :
Spatiotemporal Variability of West African Rainfall. Part II: Associated Surface and Airmass Characteristics

Abstract In the second part of this study, the variability of surface and airmass characteristics associated with West African rainfall fields is investigated. Ship observations over the tropical Atlantic and rawinsonde records over West Africa are used for the months of July, August, and September from 1948 to 1978. A composite analysis based on the sign of monthly rainfall departures north of 10°N indicates that the Sahelian drought may result from a more southern than normal position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) over the tropical Atlantic. A composite analysis into four monthly rainfall types is performed by using rainfall information north and south of 10°N. It shows two types of Sahelian drought. The first is linked to an enhanced surface atmospheric circulation over the northern tropical Atlantic, higher sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Guinea, a convergent moisture flux anomaly south of 10°N along the western African coast, and a lower (larger) water content in the monsoon fl.
The economic performance of transitional and non-transitional organic dairy farms: A panel data econometric approach in Brittany

The economic performance of organic dairy farms, especially during the transitional period, is not consensus in economics studies, depending on the method used, the type of indicators, the nature and scale of the performance indicator, the geographical location. We compare the economic and financial performance of both conventional and organic dairy farms based on a mixed effect panel data model estimated on 1,016 farm micro-data collected between 2007and 2018 in two departments of Brittany. As in other studies, we find that the herd size influences positively all economic and financial indicators. Even if the growth in assets is heterogeneous among organic farms, it is higher than in other farms, which decreases their return on assets. Finally, even if they share the same objective of food autonomy and sparing variable expenses, dairy farms based on grassland production system do not exhibit the same performance dynamics as organic farms.
Revision of the Paleozoic systems

PART I. INTRODUCTORY CHAPTERS Present Instability in stratigraphic Classification CAUSES The obvious unrest of the present day in matters pertaining to geologic chronology should be ascribed, 1 think, chiefly to the fact that stratigraphic knowledge has progressed far beyond the stage of prevailing schemes of classification. These schemes do not fit the known conditions. Not only were they founded on a mere fraction of the mass of data now available, but also the criteria used were frequently misinterpreted. Besides, the pioneers in this branch of geology had no conception of the complicated and variable conditions for which we now have to account; hence their practice has resulted in an inconsistent and incongruous arrangement of stratigraphic units. But the weakest feature in these classifications is that their original framers availed themselves almost exclusively of a single kind of evidence, namely, that afforded by the fossil faunas and floras. If the fossils .
Transpolar Arcs: Summary and Recent Results

This review summarizes the current understanding of transpolar arcs. The following topics are covered: (1) transpolar arc (TPA) types, (2) influence of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) B-y and B-z on shape and motion of TPAs, (3) temporal intensifications of TPAs, (4) substorms and TPAs, (5) solar wind energy coupling, (6) ionospheric convection and source regions of TPAs, (7) interhemispheric differences caused by IMF B-x, (8) interhemispheric differences caused by the Earth dipole tilt, and (9) magnetotail topology during TPAs.
Geomorphological and environmental evolution in the upper reaches of the Yellow River during the late Cenozoic

Studies of the geomorphology and stratigraphy in the upper reaches of the Yellow River during the late Cenozoic demonstrate that the period of 30 - 3.4 Ma is characterized by a relatively stable tectonic setting, a persistently hot climate and a wide distribution of inland basins. This long-term stable environment resulted in a planation surface, the main surface on the Qinghai-Xizang (Qingzang) Plateau, on which red earth crust and karst arc formed. Since 3.4 Ma, the Qingzang Plateau was "uplifted as a whole massif, accompanied by the dissection and disintegration of the main surface, termination of deposition and deformation of stratigraphy in red basins, increasing relief and commencing accumulation of inland molasse formation mainly of conglomerate. Subsequent strong uplift of the Qingzang Plateau at 2.5 Ma and 1.7-1.66 Ma led to cormation of the basic geomorphological configuration of the Qingzang Plateau and occurrence of the Yellow River. These three strong uplifts of the Qingzang Plateau between 3.4 Ma and 1.7 -1.66 Ma was, therefore, named the Qingzang movement and divided correspondingly into three phases A. B and C. After the appearance of the Yellow River, the Qingzang Plateau continued uplifting intermittently, resulting in 8 valley terraces dated to 1.63. 1.5, 1.2. 0.8, 0.6, 0.15. 0.05. and 0.01 Ma. which also record the whole process of headward erosion of the Yellow River.
Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis of Mutations in Circulating Tumor DNA from the Plasma of Patients with Head–Neck Cancer Undergoing Chemo-Radiotherapy Using a Pan-Cancer Cell-Free Assay

Using next-generation sequencing (NGS), we investigated DNA mutations in the plasma tumor cell-free circulating DNA (ctDNA) of 38 patients with inoperable squamous cell head neck cancer (SCHNC) before and after the completion of chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Baseline mutations of the TP53 were recorded in 10/38 (26.3%) and persisted in 4/10 patients after CRT. ΤP53 mutations were further detected post CRT in 7/38 additional patients with undetectable mutations at baseline (overall rate 44.7%). Furthermore, 4/38 patients exhibited baseline mutations of the EGFR, AR, FGFR3, and FBXW3, and four new gene mutations were detected after CRT (MTOR, EGFR3, ALK, and SF3B1). Τ4 stage was related with a significantly higher rate of mutations (TP53 and overall). Mutations were observed in 8/30 (26.6%) responders (complete/partial response) vs. in 6/8 (75%) of the rest of the patients (p = 0.03). Significant poorer LRFS was noted for patients with mutations detected before and after CRT (p = 0.02). Patients who had detectable mutations either before or after CRT had significantly worse DMFS (p = 0.04 overall, and p = 0.02 for TP53 mutations). It was concluded that assessment of mutations before and after the end of CRT is essential to characterize patients with a high risk of locoregional recurrence or metastatic progression.
Regional efficiency in generating technological knowledge

There is broad consensus among economists that regions' competitiveness heavily relies on their ability to produce innovative goods and services (Baumol 1967, Romer 1990, Grossman and Helpman 1991, Barro and Sala-i-Martin 1997, Los and Verspagen 2006). Main drivers of innovation include, but are not limited to, human and cognitive capital (Quelle), R&D expenditures (Quelle), industrial clusters and structure (Quelle) and foreign direct investments (Quelle). Most empirical studies confirm the presumed positive correlation of these inputs and regional innovativeness, measured for example by patent applications. At the same time, regions operating at similar input level show significant differences in the degree of innovativeness. These differences can, to some extent, be explained by the regions efficiency in using their available input factors (Quelle). The presented paper aims, in a first step, to identify this efficiency by using an outlier robust enhancement of the data envelopment analysis (DEA), the so-called order-alpha-frontier analysis (Daouia and Simar 2005, Daraio and Simar 2006), for a sample of more than 200 EU regions (NUTS 2). The findings of this model suggest that the regions' efficiency is partly affected by a spatial factor. Therefore, the study foresees to decompose regional efficiency into a spatial and non-spatial part by introducing a geoadditive regression analysis based on markov fields. The spatial part reveals differences of the efficiency for greater areas. Regions located in efficient areas, for example, are likely to be efficient as well, since they benefit by the efficiency of neighboring regions. In contrast, the non-spatial effect gives an idea on a region's efficiency compared to the neighboring and nearby regions.
Snowfall in coastal West Antarctica much greater than previously assumed

[1] A new Antarctic accumulation distribution, based on regional model output calibrated with 1900 in-situ observations, is used to re-assess accumulation in 24 Antarctic ice drainage basins. When compared to the previous compilation, good agreement is found for 19 of the 24 basins, representing 93% of the ice sheet that is reasonably well covered with observations. In contrast, the Amundsen Sea sector of West Antarctica and the western Antarctic Peninsula, both data sparse regions, are found to receive 80–96% more accumulation than previously assumed. For the Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers (West Antarctica), which have recently undergone rapid acceleration and thinning, this means a downward adjustment of their contribution to global sea level rise from 0.24 to 0.14 mm per year. Model time series do not show a significant change in Antarctic accumulation over the period 1980–2004.
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling as a Tool to Interpret Human Biomonitoring Data

Biomonitoring, the measurement of chemicals in human tissues and fluids, is becoming commonplace and reveals the presence of chemicals, both natural and synthetic, in many human populations. The amount detected in human samples is generally very low, typically in the parts-per-billion (ppb) or parts-per-trillion (ppt) range. To assist in the interpretation of biomonitoring results for various classes of chemicals, CIIT research efforts are currently exploring the use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approaches. Scientists are developing generic PBPK models for chemicals with differences in persistence and physico-chemical characteristics. They use these models to incorporate mechanistic information on chemical disposition and individual variability to conduct reverse dosimetry, which estimates the range of exposure levels in the environment that could give rise to specific biomarker concentrations in blood, breath, urine or other media. The degree of risk posed by these chemicals depends on whether the exposure level approaches those known to cause toxicity in test animals or people.
Identifying the Relationship between PM2.5 and Hyperlipidemia Using Mendelian Randomization, RNA-seq Data and Model Mice Subjected to Air Pollution

Air pollution is an important public health problem that endangers human health. However, the casual association and pathogenesis between particles < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and hyperlipidemia remains incompletely unknown. Mendelian randomization (MR) and transcriptomic data analysis were performed, and an air pollution model using mice was constructed to investigate the association between PM2.5 and hyperlipidemia. MR analysis demonstrated that PM2.5 is associated with hyperlipidemia and the triglyceride (TG) level in the European population (IVW method of hyperlipidemia: OR: 1.0063, 95%CI: 1.0010–1.0118, p = 0.0210; IVW method of TG level: OR: 1.1004, 95%CI: 1.0067–1.2028, p = 0.0350). Mest, Adipoq, Ccl2, and Pcsk9 emerged in the differentially expressed genes of the liver and plasma of PM2.5 model mice, which might mediate atherosclerosis accelerated by PM2.5. The studied animal model shows that the Paigen Diet (PD)-fed male LDLR−/− mice had higher total cholesterol (TC), TG, and CM/VLDL cholesterol levels than the control group did after 10 times 5 mg/kg PM2.5 intranasal instillation once every three days. Our study revealed that PM2.5 had causality with hyperlipidemia, and PM2.5 might affect liver secretion, which could further regulate atherosclerosis. The lipid profile of PD-fed Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) model mice is more likely to be jeopardized by PM2.5 exposure.
GPC3 gene expression and allelic discrimination of FZD7 gene in Egyptian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and especially in Egypt. Early diagnosis of HCC greatly improves the survival and prognosis of patients. Low sensitivity and specificity of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has led to the demand for novel biomarkers of HCC. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the validity of frizzled-7 (FZD7) and glypican-3 (GPC3) gene expression as potential biomarkers for HCC early diagnosis, and to investigate the association between FZD7 rs2280509 polymorphism and HCC risk. Materials and methods Quantification of FZD7 and GPC3 gene expression by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay, and genotyping FZD 7 (rs2280509 SNP) gene polymorphism using RT-PCR. Results The current results revealed that FZD7 gene expression had a greater area under the curve (AUC) for identifying HCC than GPC3 gene expression and AFP levels. The combination of the three markers as a panel showed a better diagnostic performance with a greater AUC than any of the single markers alone (p < 0.05). The FZD7 rs2280509 polymorphism (CT) was found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of HCC. The CT genotype and T allele were significantly more prevalent in the HCC group compared to either the cirrhosis (p = 0.03) or control groups (p = 0.0009 and 0.002; respectively). Conclusion FZD7 and GPC3 gene expressions have a complementary role in early HCC detection, with a greater diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy than AFP. In addition, FZD7 rs2280509 polymorphism is significantly associated with an increased risk of HCC in the Egyptian population.
Airborne remote sensing for landslide hazard assessment: a case study on the Jurassic escarpment slopes of Worcestershire, UK

This paper describes the application of airborne remote sensing to the study of landslides on the clay-dominated slopes of the Cotswolds Hills between the towns of Broadway, Worcestershire, and Snowshill, Gloucestershire, in the UK. The project involved an initial desk study, airphoto interpretation and field survey in order to provide detailed information about the nature and extent of the landsliding in the area. High-resolution Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) imagery was acquired by the NERC Airborne Remote Sensing Facility, which was subsequently processed in order to develop a remote sensing method for landslide identification using airborne multispectral data. A range of image processing methods are described including colour composite enhancement and thermal imaging, while the focus of the paper will be on the development of a semi-automated method of landslide identification using image classification and texture analysis. Results from the first stage of the study have shown that the use of image processing techniques such as colour composites and thermal imaging can provide information on the ground surface not visible in conventional aerial photography. In this case study, this has included more detailed geomorphological information on landsides in the area and the nature of the cambering and gulls at the top of the escarpment. The second part of the study has investigated the use of image texture enhancement as a method of landslide identification, applied in isolation and incorporated into an image classification scheme as a semi-automated method of landslide identification. Results from this investigation indicate that landslides can be identified automatically with a high degree of accuracy (83%) and that by using image texture, the image classification technique is able to successfully differentiate between areas of landslide activity and stable slopes in the airborne imagery. Its is clear from the results of this study that in order to identify landslides in these types of clay-dominated terrains, image texture must be used. Inland landslides, like those on the Cotswolds escarpment, do not have a spectral signature but they do exhibit a distinct spatial signature that allows them to be identified in airborne imagery using textural analysis. The semi-automated method of landslide identification described in this paper represents a rapid method of terrain evaluation and landslide hazard assessment, which can be undertaken prior to more detailed field mapping.
La escritura ibérica meridional

In this paper they are discussed some problems concerning the transcription of the native Meridional Iberian writing system by means of the internal analysis, the evolutionary paleography and the aid of the lexical parallels from the Iberian language used in the Levantine system. Finally it’s exposed a preliminary sketch of the palaeographical evolution of some of their signs.
Fundamental properties of flows in open channels with dead zone

The fundamental behavior of unsteady flows in an open channel with a rectangular dead zone is investigated experimentally and numerically to clarify the mass-exchange mechanism near an embayment along a river bank. Typical flow features such as generation of a coherent vortex due to shear instability in the mixing layer between two flow regions (main-channel flow and dead zone) and water-surface oscillation (seiche) in the dead zone are shown by the findings of laboratory tests. These flow features can be reproduced numerically by plane two-dimensional (2D) open-channel flow equations in the variable grid system. Model performance was examined in detail by changing the grid size and constants. The calculated values for temporal and spatial variations in velocity and depth are compared with observed values. Examination of the calculated results shows that temporal velocity variations at the interface can be decomposed into two components due to seiche and shear instability; during one seiche, cycle-velocity variations caused by instability are amplified to the large­ scale vortex selectively by the interaction between seiche and instability components. This selective amplification process can be detected in a series of photographs of the surface flow pattern as well.
Radiocarbon‐based ages and growth rates of bamboo corals from the Gulf of Alaska

Deep‐sea coral communities have long been recognized by fisherman as areas that support large populations of commercial fish. As a consequence, many deep‐sea coral communities are threatened by bottom trawling. Successful management and conservation of this widespread deep‐sea habitat requires knowledge of the age and growth rates of deep‐sea corals. These organisms also contain important archives of intermediate and deep‐water variability, and are thus of interest in the context of decadal to century‐scale climate dynamics. Here, we present Δ14C data that suggest that bamboo corals from the Gulf of Alaska are long‐lived (75–126 years) and that they acquire skeletal carbon from two distinct sources. Independent verification of our growth rate estimates and coral ages is obtained by counting seasonal Sr/Ca cycles and probable lunar cycle growth bands.