Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Usp11 controls cortical neurogenesis and neuronal migration through Sox11 stabilization

Protein deubiquitination contributes to cortical development, and its dysregulation is linked to intellectual disability. The role of protein stabilization in cortical development remains poorly understood. A recessive mutation in the USP11 gene is found in a rare neurodevelopmental disorder with intellectual disability, but its pathogenicity and molecular mechanism are unknown. Here, we show that mouse Usp11 is expressed highly in embryonic cerebral cortex, and Usp11 deficiency impairs layer 6 neuron production, delays late-born neuronal migration, and disturbs cognition and anxiety behaviors. Mechanistically, these functions are mediated by a previously unidentified Usp11 substrate, Sox11. Usp11 ablation compromises Sox11 protein accumulation in the developing cortex, despite the induction of Sox11 mRNA. The disease-associated Usp11 mutant fails to stabilize Sox11 and is unable to support cortical neurogenesis and neuronal migration. Our findings define a critical function of Usp11 in cortical development and highlight the importance of orchestrating protein stabilization mechanisms into transcription regulatory programs for a robust induction of cell fate determinants during early brain development.
Organoid microphysiological system preserves pancreatic islet function within 3D matrix

A customized microphysiological system supports the perifusion and in situ multiparametric assessment of 3D islet organoids. Three-dimensional (3D) multicellular organoids recapitulate the native complexities of human tissue better than traditional cellular monolayers. As organoids are insufficiently supported using standard static culture, microphysiological systems (MPSs) provide a key enabling technology to maintain organoid physiology in vitro. Here, a polydimethylsiloxane-free MPS that enables continuous dynamic culture and serial in situ multiparametric assessments was leveraged to culture organoids, specifically human and rodent pancreatic islets, within a 3D alginate hydrogel. Computational modeling predicted reduced hypoxic stress and improved insulin secretion compared to static culture. Experimental validation via serial, high-content, and noninvasive assessments quantitatively confirmed that the MPS platform retained organoid viability and functionality for at least 10 days, in stark contrast to the acute decline observed overnight under static conditions. Our findings demonstrate the importance of a dynamic in vitro microenvironment for the preservation of primary organoid function and the utility of this MPS for in situ multiparametric assessment.
Monocular depth estimation based on a single image: a literature review

Monocular depth estimation is a very valuable but also very challenging problem. In order to solve this ill-posed problem, traditional approaches apply depth cues such as defocusing, atmospheric scattering and shading to estimate depth information and approaches based on machine learning apply frameworks such as MRF and data-driven learning. With the development of deep learning, the monocular depth estimation approaches based on CNN and other networks have achieved good results and gradually become the mainstream. In this paper, we summarize some typical and representative literature on monocular depth estimation based on a single image in the past two decades and depict our analysis involved in these approaches. In addition, this paper also analyzes and compares the results obtained by some typical approaches, which may provide some guidance for those who are interested in this field.
Changing Students’ Beliefs About Learning Can Unveil Their Potential

Too often, students fall short of their potential. Although structural and cognitive factors can contribute to this underperformance, how students subjectively construe themselves and their educational contexts can also play significant roles. Social-psychological interventions can increase student motivation, resilience, and achievement by altering these construals. To provide general recommendations for their implementation, we focus on interventions that address common student concerns, which stem from maladaptive beliefs that (a) intelligence cannot be improved; (b) some academic topics are uninteresting and personally irrelevant; (c) learning is an unplanned, passive activity; and (d) others think that “people like me” do not have the potential for success. These interventions tend to be relatively brief, easily implemented, highly scalable, and low in cost, time, and labor. Through a partnership of psychological scientists and practitioners, these carefully contextualized, theory-driven interventions can help students achieve their potential.
TRENDS: The Supreme Court’s (Surprising?) Indifference to Public Opinion

Does the Supreme Court care what the public thinks? For decades, published articles have consistently reported a significant, positive relationship between public opinion and Supreme Court output. However, these studies posit mutually contradictory theories and report irreconcilable results. We advance this literature in two ways. First, we show that the empirical “fact” driving the search for a workable theory is actually illusory. Second, we defend a theory of judicial independence. To be clear, we do not attempt to prove the Court does not respond to the public’s opinions on policy. We argue that there is little reason the Court should respond and demonstrate that, contrary to twenty-five years of scholarship, there is no good empirical evidence suggesting it does.
Broiler Litter Composition as Affected by Water Extractant, Dilution Ratio, and Extraction Time

Laboratory methodologies characterizing a suite of water-extractable, elemental fractions of broiler litter (BL) are necessary to provide data representing field conditions once BL is land-applied and to address subsequent potential environmental mobility of litter constituents. This study evaluated the effects of water extractant (rainwater and deionized water), extractant/litter dilution ratio (10:1, 20:1, 30:1, and 40:1), and extraction time (5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 360, 720, and 1440 min) on the chemical composition of BL. Water extractant did not affect water-soluble elements. Water-soluble elemental concentrations increased with increasing extraction times and either increased or were unaffected by increasing extractant/litter dilution ratio. Results based on achieving at least 70% of the maximum observed concentration suggest a minimum recommended extraction time of 30 min. However, extraction times exceeding 360 min indicated microbial immobilization of dissolved organic carbon. Therefore, an extraction time between 30 and 360 min is recommended.
Critical Properties and Vapor Pressure Equation for Alkanes CnH2n+2: Normal Alkanes With n⩽36 and Isomers for n=4 Through n=9

A correlation for estimating the vapor pressure of normal alkanes from methane through n-hexatriacontane and isomers of butane to nonane is reported. This work extends the correlation for normal alkanes (CnH2n+2), with n⩽20, reported by Ambrose, to both normal alkanes with n⩽36 and their isomers with n⩽9. This vapor pressure equation was based on the Wagner equation and is similar to that used by Ambrose. Literature vapor pressure measurements have been reviewed. Tables are given that list the type of apparatus, measurement range and precision, and chemical purity. These criteria were initially used to select measurements for inclusion in the regression analyses to determine the coefficients of the correlation. Vapor pressures estimated from the correlation were compared with all vapor pressure (p1+g) measurements reviewed in this work. At pressures greater than 1 kPa, the vapor pressure equation presented here has the following accuracies: 0.0001⋅p1+g for methane, 0.001⋅p1+g for ethane, propane, and n-bu.
Enriching the nutritive value of Marigold (Tagetes erecta L) crop residues as a ruminant​ feed by lactic acid​ during ensilage

Background: Marigold (Tagetes erecta L) accounts for over half of the world's loose flower production, and marigold crop residue (MCR) are abundantly available and should be used as a forage. In this study, MCR from the last commercial flower pickings was ensilaged with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and the shift in their volatile organic compounds (VOCs) profiles was monitored. Samples were collected at 6 different times during ensilage (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 30 days) to determine and quantify the VOCs changes using a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: After 30 days, the caryophyllene and piperitone, which account for 14.7% and 12.1% of total VOCs, decreased by 32.9% and 9.6% respectively, alcohols increased from 2.8% to 8.1%, and the acetic acid content increased by 560%. Conclusion: We have confirmed LAB can degrade the content of terpenes and enhance the content of alcohols and acids in MCR, which was for the first time on terpene degradation in fodder by ensilage. These results have shed light on our understanding of how to improve fodder odor and to enhance terpene degradation by lactic acid bacteria fermentation.
One conceivable mechanism of UV-light induced SO 2 Oxidation to H 2 SO 4

Abstract. The electron-excited chemistry of sulfur dioxide oxidation induced by UV irradiation of air with trace O3 and SO2 is considered. The importance of this mechanism is evaluated based on recent laboratory experiments on SO2 oxidation in a laminar tube with air induced by UV irradiation. Results show that under respective conditions the route of SO2 oxidation involving electron excited oxygen molecules may present an additional source of gaseous H2SO4 production to known OH-radical mechanism.
Self-diffusion and probe diffusion in dilute and semidilute aqueous solutions of dextran

Tracer diffusion processes in polymeric solutions of dextran in both the dilute and semidilute regimes were investigated by the fluorescence photobleaching recovery technique. The molecular weight of the matrices covered the range from 40 kDa to 2 MDa. The tracer species consisted of fluorescein-labeled dextrans of molecular weights 40 and 150 kD, fluorescein-labeled polystyrene spheres of 38-nm diameter, and fluorescein (molecular weight of 332 Da). The viscosity of selected solutions was measured with capillary viscosimeters. We report here an extensive set of experimental data on diffusion processes and viscosity, obtained from a consistent set of samples. Comparison of our data with some of the current models is presented.
(CO)POLYMERS OF L-LACTIDE .1. SYNTHESIS, THERMAL-PROPERTIES AND HYDROLYTIC DEGRADATION

Copolymers of L-lactide(a)) with D-Lactide(a)), glycolide(b)), epsilon-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate, and networks with spiro-bis-dimethylene-carbonate (2,4,7,9-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,8-dione) were prepared in bulk at standardized polymerization conditions. The properties of the nascent copolymers were evaluated with respect to the nature of the comonomer. Copolymerization with comonomers entailing low glass transition temperature simultaneously reduces the crystallinity. 300 MHz H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance is shown to be a useful technique for the determination of the average monomer sequence lengths in epsilon-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate copolymers. The presence of crystallizable L-lactide sequences, due to differences in monomer reactivity, has a large effect on the thermal properties of the copolymer as well as on the long-term degradation characteristics.
Chemical and Physical Characterization of Dromaius novaehollandiae (Emu) Eggs

Chemical and physical studies were conducted to investigate the potential use of emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) eggs in the food industry. The proximate composition of the yolk and albumen of emu eggs was determined for the first time and revealed to be slightly different from hen eggs in lipid and water content. Though the increase in volume of emu whole eggs by whipping was smaller than that of hen eggs, the whip was more stable. However, freezing dramatically decreased the whipping capacity of emu whole eggs. The most significant difference found was when emu eggs were subjected to heat-induced coagulation; both the albumen and yolk of emu eggs had a softer texture compared to hen eggs. These characteristics are promising for processed food production, especially for softening products. A cake, for example, made with emu eggs was revealed to be softer than a cake made with hen eggs.
Dielectric and dynamic mechanical measurements of poly(4-methyl pentene-1)

The α-relaxation process of poly(4-methyl pentene-1) was studied by dielectric and dynamic mechanical means. The complex dielectric constant was determined at nine discrete frequencies from 100 to 10,000 Hz and over a temperature range of −50–90°C. The complex dynamic mechanical Young's modulus was determined over the audiofrequency range of 10–22,000 Hz and a temperature range of 21–76°C, from which a master curve was constructed. The relaxation process was studied by comparing the activation energies and width of the dispersion curves. The results of a logarithmic frequency vs. reciprocal temperature plot of the loss peak maxima show that both the dielectric and mechanical curves are roughly linear but have different slopes. From the slopes the activation energies were determined. For the dielectric data an activation energy of 39 kcal/mol was obtained, whereas for the mechanical data a value of 106 kcal/mol was found. The width of the dispersion curves was determined by using a Cole–Cole empirical fit. The width of the dielectric dispersion curve is narrower by as much as a factor of 3 than the mechanical dispersion curve. It is concluded that the energy to cause the large scale molecular motion involved in the α-relaxation is lower when excited by an alternating electric field than by an alternating stress field. Also the number of repeat units involved is smaller in the dielectric case than in the mechanical case.
Épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na cultura do milho em plantio direto, e alocação do nitrogênio (15n) na planta

Com o desenvolvimento de cultivares modernos, a produtividade do milho tem aumentado e, consequentemente, a demanda por N segue a mesma tendencia. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito da epoca de aplicacao de N sobre a produtividade de graos e sua distribuicao nos componentes da planta de milho, na presenca e ausencia de adubacao de molibdenio, em sistema plantio direto. O experimento foi conduzido no ano agricola de 2006/07, na Estacao Experimental de Coimbra-MG. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com tres repeticoes, no esquema fatorial 3 x 2 + 1, sendo tres epocas de aplicacao de N, na ausencia e na presenca de adubacao com molibdenio (Mo), e uma testemunha sem fertilizacao. Os tratamentos consistiram de: T1- aplicacao total de N 15 dias antes do plantio, sem molibdenio; T2 - aplicacao total de N no plantio, sem molibdenio; T3 - aplicacao total de N na epoca em que o milho se encontrava com quatro folhas completamente desenvolvidas, sem molibdenio; T4 - aplicacao total de N 15 dias antes do plantio, com molibdenio; T5 - aplicacao total de N no plantio, com molibdenio; T6 - aplicacao total de N na epoca em que o milho se encontrava com quatro folhas completamente desenvolvidas, com molibdenio; e T7 - testemunha sem N, sem aplicacao de Mo. O cultivar utilizado foi o hibrido simples AG 9010. O melhor suprimento de N ao longo do ciclo e a maior produtividade foram obtidos com a aplicacao do fertilizante no estadio de quatro folhas expandidas do milho. Nao foi encontrado efeito da adubacao molibdica sobre as caracteristicas avaliadas. A aplicacao do N na pre-semeadura do milho, 15 dias antes do plantio, demonstrou nao ser recomendavel para as condicoes de solo e clima estudadas. A parte da planta do milho de maior alocacao de 15N foi o grao. A recuperacao media de 15N na planta proveniente do fertilizante foi de 6 %.
Depolarized dynamic light scattering studies of ortho‐terphenyl dynamics above Tg

Depolarized Rayleigh spectra of ortho‐terphenyl (OTP) were measured in the temperature range from Tg to Tg+190 K. Two samples prepared with and without ‘‘clusters’’ were used for the measurement. Four different Fabry–Perot interferometers covering the time range from about 0.5 ps to 100 ns were employed. Two relaxation modes were observed: a slow mode with all its characteristics of the α process, and a fast mode with a constant, temperature independent relaxation time of about 3 ps. The fast mode has not been reported heretofore. The intensity of the fast mode vanishes at about the Vogel–Fulcher–Tamman temperature T0. The relaxation times of these two processes are found to be identical for both OTP with and without clusters. The temperature dependence of the relaxation time of the α process is Arrhenius at high temperatures, but shows a Williams–Landel–Ferry (WLF) behavior in the range from Tg to Tg+80 K for both samples with and without the long‐range density fluctuations (i.e., cluster).
Study of the Bond Capacity of FRCM- and SRG-Masonry Joints

Fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) and steel-reinforced grout (SRG) have been increasingly applied as externally bonded reinforcement to masonry members in the last few years. Unlike fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP), FRCM and SRG have good performance when exposed to (relatively) high temperature and good compatibility with inorganic substrates, and they can be applied to wet surfaces and at (reasonably) low temperatures. Although numerous studies investigated the mechanical properties and bond performance of various FRCM and SRG, new composites have been developed recently, and their performance still needs to be assessed. In this study, the bond behavior of three FRCM composites and one SRG composite applied to a masonry substrate is investigated. Sixteen single-lap direct shear tests (four tests for each composite) are performed. The FRCM studied comprised one layer of carbon, PBO (polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole), or alkali-resistant (AR)-glass bidirectional textile embedded within two cement-based matrices. The SRG composite comprised one layer of a unidirectional stainless-steel cord textile embedded within a lime-based matrix. The results show a peculiar bond behavior and failure mode for each composite. Based on these results, the behavior of the carbon and PBO FRCM is modeled solving the bond differential equation with a trilinear cohesive material law (CML).
A Multivariate Unobserved Components Model to Estimate Potential Output in the Euro Area: A Production Function Based Approach

This paper builds an unobserved components model that combines a multivariate filter approach with a Cobb-Douglas production function. This combination allows potential output estimates to incorporate more economic structure than the traditional production function approach, while retaining the ability to conduct growth accounting exercises. The model is a backward-looking state space model estimated with Bayesian methods employing the Kalman filter to jointly decompose six key observable variables (real GDP, unemployment rate, labour force participation rate, hours worked per person, a measure of core inflation and wage inflation) into trend and cyclical components. To do so, it relies on several reduced form relationships across the cyclical components, such as a wage and a price Phillips curve and an Okun's law type relationship, while it also assumes common trends for a few variables and allows for hysteresis effects. The model is estimated on aggregate euro area data with Bayesian methods. The paper finds that the resulting output gap estimates have good revision properties and reasonable forecasting performance in particular in terms of GDP and core inflation vis-a-vis a set of benchmarks.
The Correlation of Psychological Well-Being with Work Engagement for Millennial Workers in Malang City

Covid-19 does not only have impact on the psychological well-being but also the work conditions of each individual. Psychological well-being is a concept of happiness that is present in every individual and is formed from various kinds of life experiences, both positive and negative. Psychological well-being is one of the factors that can affect work engagement. Work engagement requires a positive attitude based on vigor, dedication and absorption to be involved emotionally, cognitively, physically in the professional environment. This study aims to determine the relationship between psychological well-being and work engagement for millennial workers during Covid-19 pandemic. The methods used were quantitative and correlational. The research sample was 50 millennial workers who work in Malang City. The sample was taken using the incidental sampling technique. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scales (UWES) and the Psychological Well-being Scales were used. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson product moment correlation. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between psychological well-being and work engagement for millennial workers in Malang. This means that millennial workers tend to have a positive attitude towards a job. Keywords: Psychological well-being, Work Engagement, Millennial Workers, Covid-19 pandemic period
Effect of the GDF9 gene on the weight of lambs at birth

Getmantseva, L. , Bakoev, N. , Shirokova, N. , Kolosova, M. , Bakoev, S. , Kolosov, A. , Usatov, A. , Shevtsova, V. , & Kolosov, Y. (2019). Effect of the GDF9 gene on the weight of lambs at birth. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 25(1), 153–157 The role of the GDF9 gene in the process of folliculogenesis, oocyte normal maturation and the development of the embryo promoted an investigation of its polymorphism and testing it as a genetic marker of farm animals’ reproductive indices. The purpose of this paper was to study the infl uence of the SNP effect of the GDF9 gene in point G1 (G260A) on the weight of lambs at birth in Volgograd sheep. The objects of research were 117 sheep of the Volgograd breed, Russia. The results of the fi rst and second lambing were taken into account to determine the weight of lambs at birth. The analysis was carried out by PCR-RFLP method. A mixed linear model was used to quantify the effect of different genotypes of the GDF9 gene on the weight of lambs at birth. A set of factors included in the model was determined by using one-factorial (ANOVA) and multifactorial (MANOVA) variance analysis. The multifactorial variance analysis allowed establishing a high statistical signifi cance of the SNP effect of the GDF9 gene on weight of lambs at birth. As a result, it was found that weight of lamb at birth in ewes of the AG genotype was 0.156 kg larger than in ewes of the GG genotype. Further studies aimed at studying the GDF9 gene in sheep of different breeds will allow revealing peculiar infl uence of different allelic variants on the productive qualities of sheep.
Coordination of lanthanides by two polyamino polycarboxylic macrocycles: formation of highly stable lanthanide complexes

The formation constants of a few lanthanide complexes with DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid) and TETA (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid) have been measured by potentiometric and competition methods. The ligand DOTA forms the most stable lanthanide chelates known so far (log K/sub ML/ = 28.2-29.2) while the stability of the TETA compounds at 80 /sup 0/C (log K/sub ML/ = 14.5-16.5) is comparable to the stability of the EDTA complexes. A competition method with the oxalate anion as a probe had to be used for determining the formation constants of the DOTA lanthanide chelates because of the high stability of these compounds. The relative stability of the DOTA and TETA complexes in accounted for by steric factors with reference to known solution- and solid-state structures. 20 references, 2 tables.