Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Female geronticide: the case of Israel

ABSTRACT This study of femicide involving elderly women, or female geronticide, aims to fill a gap in the research literature. The article is divided into three parts: a review of the literature on femicide, geronticide, and specifically female geronticide; a review of the literature utilizing Israel as a case-study and an empirical report on the findings of the first longitudinal study on female geronticide in Israel, which demonstrates that over a period of 10 years (2006–2015) female geronticide was perpetrated solely by intimate male partners. Findings of the study also show post hoc that while femicide is perpetrated in disproportionate numbers by, and towards, members of particular ethnic categories, such as Ethiopian immigrants and foreign migrants, there were no cases of female geronticide in these two groups. The likelihood of an elderly woman being murdered by her intimate partner or family member was higher among the following groups in the following order: immigrants from the former Soviet Union; Israeli-born Jews and; Israeli Arabs. The findings are important for policy-makers in Israel but have applications globally.
Nudging to Reduce the Perceived Threat of Coronavirus and Stockpiling Intention

Abstract Prior research in behavioral economics has examined the effects of nudging and the diverse aspects of choice on individuals’ decisions and behaviors. Based on this premise, the current research offers a novel and timely view by examining how communication messages in public service advertisements (PSAs) can alter the perception of threat under uncertain situations such as the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic. This article investigates the role of additional relative statistical information on the perception of threat and stockpiling intention. First, we examine whether there is a reduction in the perceived threat of the coronavirus if information about the potential severity of an alternative threat (car accidents) is activated, when compared to offering only statistics on the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is known as COVID-19. Furthermore, we established the mediating role of a perceived threat in consumers’ decisions and behavior in times of severe crisis. This suggests that organizations and policymakers can influence individuals by increasing or decreasing their perceived level of threat depending on the desired outcomes (e.g., respecting authorities’ recommendations or avoiding stockpiling). This research offers a deeper understanding of how consumers can be “nudged” toward desired behavior in the context of public health and safety.
Museum translation as a political act: narrative engagement for affective experiences in the War and Women's Human Rights Museum in Seoul

ABSTRACT Featuring both collective memories and individual stories of trauma, the War and Women's Human Rights Museum in Seoul serves as a site for visitors to learn about and experience the history, generate emotional responses to, and to shape their ethical outlooks. However, the role of translation as it is used for the benefit of international visitors, who most likely will have different mind-sets and cultural backgrounds from native Koreans, has not been examined to date. Therefore, drawing on Arnold-de Simine's ‘memory museums’ and Landsberg's ‘prosthetic memory’, triangulated with questionnaire surveys, this study examines the role of the English translations of the audio guide in the museum. This study ultimately argues that translation, in tandem with both a museum's narrative construction and its display strategy, can be a catalyst for reconfiguring public narratives about past events and the victims of them, by involving visitors in active social engagement.
The Effect of Auditor Type on Audit Quality in Emerging Markets: Evidence From Egypt

Purpose Although a number of studies suggest that big audit firms provide higher audit quality in strict legal environments, empirical evidence remains inconclusive. As little is known about the effect of auditor type on audit quality in less strictly legal environments, this study aims to investigate the impact of auditor type on audit quality in the Egyptian market. Design/methodology/approach Data of Egyptian-listed companies during the period 2011–2018 are used. To examine the impact of auditor type on audit quality, ordinary least square regression and robust standard errors clustered at year and industry level are used. This study uses discretionary accruals as a proxy for audit quality. Several additional analyzes are conducted to assess the robustness of the main results, including alternative measures of audit quality and auditor type. Findings The results show that audit firms tend to provide higher audit quality when they are affiliated with a foreign audit firm. However, Big 4 auditors do not provide higher audit quality compare to their counterparts. Additionally, the governmental agency, accountability state authority, that monopolize audit function in state-owned companies do not appear to be associated with higher audit quality. Finally, local audit firms have a negative association with audit quality. This may be their strategy to secure future clients that seek low-quality audits. Research limitations/implications This study suggests that affiliation with foreign audit firms will help the Egyptian firms to develop their abilities by using advanced technology and techniques and transfer rare expertize to the Egyptian auditors. This study also shows that the strategy adopted by many Egyptian audit firms to affiliate with foreign auditors reflects the desire of these firms to be included in one tier alongside Big 4 audit firms to increase their market share under a claim of providing a higher audit quality. Originality/value This study adds to the rare but growing body of literature by investigating how auditor type affects audit quality in the context of less strictly legal environments. The results are important, as investors, standards-setters and regulators have growing concerns over audit quality since the Enron scandal. The findings suggest that audit quality depends on auditor type. These findings have important implications for investors, standards-setters and auditors interested in auditor oversight, audit quality and auditor choice.
Long-term Cognitive Outcomes in Tuberculous Meningitis

Objective Data on cognitive changes in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are sparse. We aimed to study the cognitive profiles of patients with grade I TBM and correlate them with the cytokine values. Methods Prospectively, 60 patients (M:F-31:29) with grade I TBM were recruited. Clinical details were collected; CSF estimation of cytokines, neuropsychological assessment, and correlation were performed. Results Mean age at presentation was 32.2 years (32.2 ± 10.1), and the duration of symptoms was 29.9 days (29.9 ± 25.9), respectively. Definitive evidence of mycobacterial infection was observed in 28.3% of the patients. Mean levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon (IFN-γ), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were 11.57 ± 30.35, 197.02 ± 186.64, and 127.03 ± 88.71 pg/mL, respectively. TNF-α levels were significantly elevated in definitive TBM (p = 0.044). Neuropsychological tests revealed an impaired auditory verbal learning test (88.3%), followed by complex figure test (50%), spatial span test (50%), clock drawing test (48.3%), digit span test (35%), color trail tests 1 and 2 (30% and 33.3%, respectively), and animal naming test (28.3%). Elevated levels of IFN-γ and IL-6 in TBM directly correlated with the number of impaired neuropsychological tests. During follow-up, significant improvement was noticed in animal naming test (p = 0.005), clock drawing test (p = 0.003), color trail test 2 (0.02), spatial span test (p = 0.012), and digit span test (0.035). Verbal learning did not show any significant change. Overall, the neuropsychological tests showed better recovery of attention, working memory, and category fluency and showed minimal recovery of verbal learning. Conclusions There is subclinical evidence of cognitive impairment in patients with TBM, and this correlated with elevated cytokines. Both the frontal and temporal lobes showed varying degrees of cognitive impairment.
Prevalence of gestational choriocarcinoma in a parous population in ten years

Choriocarcinoma is a type of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia which can follow any form of pregnancy, such as hydatidiform moles, abortion, term pregnancy or ectopic gestation. It is a rare disease. In Europe and North America, about 1 in 40,000 pregnant patients and 1 in 40 patients with hydatidiform moles develop choriocarcinoma. In Southeast Asia and Japan, 9.2 in 40,000 pregnant women and 3.3 in 40 patients with hydatidiform moles are likely to develop choriocarcinoma. In China, 1 in 2882 pregnant women apparently develop choriocarcinoma. This correlates with an increased risk for development of choriocarcinoma in Asian, American Indian, and African American women. Other risk factors include prior complete hydatidiform mole (a 100-fold increased risk), advanced age, long-term oral contraceptive use, and blood group A.
The Joint Effects of Leadership Style and Magnitude of the Disruption on Team Adaptation: A Longitudinal Experiment

Here, we report a longitudinal experiment testing the combined effects of leadership style and the magnitude of the disruption on team adaptive performance over time. We hypothesized that teams led by a directive leader would outperform teams led by an empowering leader when task conditions do not change (pre-change), while teams with an empowering leader would outperform teams with a directive leader under changing task conditions (post-change), especially when task changes are high in magnitude. To test our hypotheses, we conducted a 2 (leadership: directive/empowering) x 2 (magnitude of the disruption: low/high) experiment with repeated measures of team performance before and after the change occurred. Sixty-seven three-member teams participated in a computer-based firefighting simulation. Evidence from discontinuous growth modeling partially supported our hypotheses by showing that before the task change, directively led teams outperformed teams led by an empowering leader. After the task change, however, directively led teams still outperformed teams with empowering leaders. The magnitude of the disruption had a significant main effect on team adaptive performance but did not significantly moderate the effect of leadership style. Implications for the team adaptation literature and the management of teams under complex, changing conditions are discussed.
The “ScribbleLens” Dutch Historical Handwriting Corpus

Historical handwritten documents guard an important part of human knowledge only at the reach of a few scholars and experts. Recent developments in machine learning have the potential of rendering this information accessible to a larger audience. Data-driven approaches to automatic manuscript recognition require large amounts of transcribed scans to work. To this end, we introduce a new handwritten corpus based on 400-year-old, cursive, early modern Dutch documents such as ship journals and daily logbooks. This is a 1000 page collection, segmented into lines, to facilitate fully-, weakly- and un-supervised research and with textual transcriptions on 20% of the pages. Other annotations such as handwriting slant, year of origin, complexity, and writer identity have been manually added. With over 80 writers this corpus is significantly larger and more varied than other existing historical data sets such as Spanish RODRIGO. We provide train/test splits, experimental results from an automatic transcription baseline and tools to facilitate its use in deep learning research. The manuscripts span over 150 years of significant journeys by captains and traders from the Vereenigde Oost-indische Company (VOC) such as Tasman, Brouwer and Van Neck, making this resource also valuable to historians and the paleography community.
Environmental drivers of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) in the Catalan Sea (NW Mediterranean Sea)

ABSTRACT In the area surrounding the Ebro Delta, similar to the rest of the north-western Mediterranean Sea, the sardine (Sardina pilchardus), one of the most exploited small pelagic fishes, has suffered a decreasing trend in abundance and biomass in the last decade, with low values in evidence since 2007. The dependence of this species on environmental factors makes it vulnerable to environmental changes; consequently, the abundance of the species is highly variable. Using segmented regression, we evaluated the presence of discontinuities in the temporal pattern of the seasonally adjusted landings per unit effort (LPUE), which was used as a proxy for abundance, between 2000 and 2013. The results suggested a sudden increase in mid-2005, followed by a sharp decrease starting in 2006. A generalized additive mixed model (GAMM), incorporating the linear correlation structure, was used to identify relationships between the seasonally adjusted LPUE and trends of the Western Mediterranean Oscillation index (WeMOI), sea surface temperature (SST), salinity (SAL) and the Zonal and Meridional Currents (ZC and MC, respectively). The variance inflation factors (VIFs) were calculated between all environmental variables to avoid high-dimensional collinearities. The final GAMM, selected using the Akaike information criterion, indicated that positive WeMOI values, which favour the productivity of the area, along with SAL (at ca. 38) and a northward-flowing MC, favoured LPUE. Our results, obtained by applying a method in which variation due to season, non-linearity, autocorrelation and collinearity of the covariates was taken into account, provided further evidence of the dependence of the sardine population upon specific hydrographic variables.
Oportunidades de pesquisa sobre mensuração de agilidade no desenvolvimento de software: uma perspectiva construtivista

This paper investigates research opportunities in an agile software development process according to constructivist performance evaluation lenses, based on a portfolio of 24 scientific articles relevant to the topic. The instrument used to carry out the systemic analysis was the Proknow-C method (Knowledge Development Process - Constructivist). It was observed in the portfolio that the performance evaluation to measure agility in the context of software development has focused practically on critical success factors and on inflexible models that rank in maturity levels, but without clearly evaluating how much agility is employed. This study addresses relevant research opportunities that seek to identify criteria and to build performance scales for measuring agility based on the values and preferences of the decision makers, who wish to implement the agile philosophy, aligned with the specific strategic of the decision makers objectives and using their singular resources, competences and own organizational culture in order to improve their software development process.
Insights Into Terminal Erythropoiesis Influenced By Human Genetic Variation

Red blood cells (RBCs) carry hemoglobin, enabling delivery of oxygen to all tissues of the body. They are the products of a highly specialized differentiation process that begins with a hematopoietic stem cell and results in an enucleated, biconcave RBC. This thesis is focused on the use of human genetic studies to gain a better understanding of the molecular processes occurring during terminal erythroid differentiation. We studied the regulation and roles of two erythroid-restricted genes, Trim58 and Hemoglobin Gamma Chain (HBG1 and HBG2, γ-globin), by using a combination of loss-of-function techniques, including RNA-interferencemediated gene suppression, a mutant mouse model, and CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing. Previous genome-wide association studies implicated variation in TRIM58 in RBC development and function. Our experiments with Trim58 revealed a direct interaction with the molecular motor dynein and enzymatic function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase in promoting its proteasomal degradation. This interaction is necessary for enucleation in knockdown studies in vitro, but genetic studies in the mouse show Trim58 is not required for erythropoiesis or enucleation. In the second part of this thesis, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to recreate a known mutation associated with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, a benign condition that ameliorates coinherited sickle cell disease (SCD). Genome editing in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells reversed the hemoglobin switch at levels sufficient in vitro to correct pathological morphologies in SCD patient-derived RBCs. We identify a cis-regulatory element in the γ-globin promoter as a potential target for genome-editing therapy for SCD. Together, these findings underscore the importance of utilizing both common and rare genetic variants to uncover new aspects of erythroid biology. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Cell & Molecular Biology First Advisor Mitchell J. Weiss Subject Categories Cell Biology | Genetics | Molecular Biology This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn. edu/edissertations/2613 INSIGHTS INTO TERMINAL ERYTHROPOIESIS INFLUENCED BY HUMAN GENETIC VARIATION Elizabeth A. Traxler
Ancient biogeography of generalist predators on remote oceanic islands

Remote islands are known for providing spectacular examples of adaptive radiation, with ecological divergence across a lineage giving rise to multiple species, each specialized for a particular niche. These isolated environments also provide some of the best examples of recent colonization, often human‐mediated, with a single generalist taxon distributed over vast regions. Highlighted by this dichotomy is a tendency of taxa to become more specialized over time. The current study focuses on two spider taxa (family Uloboridae) each occupying a broad range of habitats: Tangaroa tahitiensis in the Austral and Society islands of French Polynesia and Daramulunia gibbosa in Fiji. We ask whether the generalist tendency of each is associated with recent colonization of widespread species or, rather, maintained over extended evolutionary time.
Twice the Trouble: Twinning and the Cost of Voting

Scholars have argued that becoming a parent affects political behavior, including turnout. In this article, we identify the effect on turnout of having an additional child conditional on the decision to become a parent. When parents have a child, nature sometimes assigns additional children through twinning. We argue that conditional on age of parents and birth cohort this as-if randomly assigns an extra child to some parents. With a large data set of family composition and validated turnout for Danish voters, we find, consistent with additional children taking up parents’ time and indirectly increasing the cost of voting, that having an additional child at the same time as another depresses turnout for both parents. Mothers who had twins in their first parity are 1.6 to 3.0 percentage points less likely to vote across three elections. For fathers, turnout is only depressed by 0.7 to 1.4 percentage points.
Virtual Reality and Symptoms Management of Anxiety, Depression, Fatigue, and Pain: A Systematic Review

In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has become an interesting alternative to traditional exposure-based therapies for many symptoms. VR involves immersion in a computer-generated virtual environment that minimizes avoidance and facilitates emotional processing. The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate evidence on the intervention effect of VR on anxiety, depression, fatigue, and pain. The research strategy of this systematic review included three electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect) based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Published quantitative studies from 2000 to 2020 were identified, which examined the effect of VR intervention on four different symptoms related to symptoms experienced by cancer patients. Quality assessments, data extractions, and analysis were completed on all included studies. A total of 882 titles and abstracts were screened, and 23 studies were included in the review. The studies were grouped according to the symptoms: anxiety and depression, fatigue, and pain. The review showed that VR intervention is more effective compared with the control (i.e., standard care) for anxiety, depression, fatigue, and pain. VR can reduce effectively these symptoms in different contexts and diseases, including cancer. The evidence suggests that there is value in exploring this intervention as a potential crossover treatment for these symptoms in patients. This study contributes to evidence that distraction is an effective symptom management mechanism. The findings are congruent with the theoretical framework, supporting the premise that VR, as an emotion-focused distraction intervention, decreases the severity of these symptoms.
COVID
 ‐19: Severity of the pandemic and responses of Indian states

Do Indian states with comprehensive labor measures experience low fatality due to COVID-19? An analysis of the relationship between labor measures of the state government in India and the severity of the pandemic reveals that states such as Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Kerala, Odisha, and Bihar that have adopted inclusive labor measures have witnessed lesser case fatality ratios. In contrast, states like West Bengal, Gujarat, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra with inadequate labor measures have experienced high levels of COVID-19-related fatalities. The impressive approach adopted by the successful states can be considered as a model to deal with the despairing labor force during the global pandemic.
FACTORS AFFECTING NURSES' JOB SATISFACTION IN MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING CARE IN TURKEY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Job-related satisfaction has the likelihood of improving care provided by nurses within the health settings. Nurses’ job satisfaction is likely to boost quality healthcare services and their commitment level. Several factors inform the job satisfaction of nurses, such as fair promotion opportunities, retention, and fringe benefits. The study aimed to explore the main factors impacting medical-surgical nurses' job satisfaction. The existing literature revealed that work satisfaction among nurses is affected by a number of aspects. A systematic review of studies was conducted. A total of (n=40) studies were eligible for inclusion. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to report and examine the eligibility of various studies. The systematic review indicated the factors could be classified into four categories, including extrinsic, intrinsic, personal, and community factors. The extrinsic factors include working conditions, work environment, supervisor/management, burnout, work engagement, and mobbing/bullying. The main intrinsic factors were found to include professionalism and career identity. Personal factors included marital status, age, and level of education, whereas economic status was found to be the only community factor influencing the satisfaction of medical-surgical nurses. The main factors influencing medical-surgical nurses include extrinsic, intrinsic, personal, and community.