Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disturbance/Uncertainty Estimation and Attenuation Techniques in PMSM Drives—A Survey

This paper gives a comprehensive overview on disturbance/uncertainty estimation and attenuation (DUEA) techniques in permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives. Various disturbances and uncertainties in PMSM and also other alternating current (ac) motor drives are first reviewed which shows they have different behaviors and appear in different control loops of the system. The existing DUEA and other relevant control methods in handling disturbances and uncertainties widely used in PMSM drives, and their latest developments are then discussed and summarized. It also provides in-depth analysis of the relationship between these advanced control methods in the context of PMSM systems. When dealing with uncertainties, it is shown that DUEA has a different but complementary mechanism to widely used robust control and adaptive control. The similarities and differences in disturbance attenuation of DUEA and other promising methods such as internal model control and output regulation theory have been analyzed in detail. The wide applications of these methods in different ac motor drives (in particular in PMSM drives) are categorized and summarized. Finally, the paper ends with the discussion on future directions in this area.
Diagnostic Value of Isoproterenol Testing in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

Background—Although the Task Force Criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) have recently been updated, the diagnosis remains challenging in the early stages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of &bgr;-adrenergic stimulation in ARVC. Methods and Results—We evaluated 412 consecutive patients (213 men, age 41.5±16 years) referred for premature ventricular contractions evaluation or suspected ARVC. Isoproterenol testing was performed with continuous infusion of isoproterenol (45 &mgr;g/min) for 3 minutes. It was considered positive if there were either (1) polymorphic premature ventricular contractions with ≥1 couplet or (2) sustained or nonsustained ventricular tachycardia with left bundle branch block excluding right ventricular outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. ARVC was diagnosed in 35 patients at initial evaluation (23 men, aged 42±15 years). Isoproterenol testing was positive in 32 of 35 (91.4%) patients with ARVC and in 42 of 377 (11.1%) patients without ARVC (P<0.0001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values of isoproterenol testing to diagnose ARVC were 91.4%, 88.9%, 43.2%, and 99.1%, respectively. During a mean follow-up period of 5.6±4.4 years, 6 additional patients met diagnostic criteria for ARVC. Importantly, initial isoproterenol testing was positive in 6 of 6 (100%) of these patients. Survival free from ARVC diagnosis was significantly lower in the positive isoproterenol group than in the negative isoproterenol group (P<0.0001, exact log-rank test). Conclusions—Ventricular arrhythmogenicity during isoproterenol testing is highly sensitive (sensitivity, 91.4%) for the diagnosis of ARVC, particularly in its early stages.
ffect of estradiol cypionate and amount of progesterone in he intravaginal device on synchronization of estrus , vulation and on pregnancy rate in beef cows treated with TAI based protocols

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of estradiol cypionate (ECP) and amount of progesterone in the intravaginal device (PID) on synchronization of estrus and ovulation, follicular dynamics, luteal dynamics and function and on pregnancy rate in beef cows treated with fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) based protocols. In Experiment 1, we evaluated the synchronization of ovulation using 1 mg of ECP at PID removal (day 8 after PID insertion) or 1 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) 24 h later, in cows treated with 0.558 or 1 g of progesterone (P4). The final subgroups were: 0.558 g + ECP: n = 10; 0.558 g + EB: n = 11; 1 g + ECP: n = 10; 1 g + EB: n = 10. Ovarian ultrasonic examinations were performed to detect the dominant follicle and ovulation. There was no effect of treatments on the diameter of dominant follicle at any time, and on the mean interval to estrus and to ovulation (P > 0.05); however, ECP treated cows had scattered distribution of estrus (P < 0.03) and ovulation (P < 0.03). In Experiment 2, cows received the following treatments: 0.558gP4 + ECP: n = 52; 0.558gP4 + EB: n = 52; 1gP4 + ECP: n = 50; 1gP4 + EB: n = 52; and FTAI. Pregnancy rate did not differ (P > 0.05) between progesterone content (0.558 g: 52.9%, 55/104; 1 g: 56.9%, 58/102) but differed between estradiol esters (P < 0.05; ECP: 48.9%, 49/102; EB: 61.5%, 64/104). In Experiment 3, cows received: 0.558gP4 + ECP: n = 55; 0.558gP4 + EB: n = 53; 1gP4 + ECP: n = 54; 1gP4 + EB: n = 53; and FTAI. Pregnancy rate did not differ (P > 0.05) between progesterone content (0.558 g: 48.1%, 52/108; 1 g: 53.3%, 57/107) and estradiol esters (ECP: 47.7%, 52/109; EB: 53.8%, 57/106). In conclusion, ECP administration at device removal and progesterone content of PID has no influence on the synchronization of estrus, follicular dynamics, luteal dynamics and function. However, ECP administration affected the synchronization of ovulation and pregnancy rate in non-suckling beef cows, but did not affected pregnancy rate in suckling beef cows. Future studies should evaluate the distribution of ovulations in suckling Bos taurus beef cows. ∗ Corresponding author. Tel. : +54 0249 4439850; fax: +54 0249 4439850. E-mail address: uslenghi@vet.unicen. edu.ar (G. Uslenghi). 378-4320/$ – see front matter © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ttp://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.anireprosci. 2013.12. 009 © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
New mothers’ experiences of the urban environment with their preterm infants involve complex social, emotional and psychological processes

Studies have explored how mothers and premature babies make the transition from a neonatal unit (NNU) to home, but little is known about how mothers cope with urban life with a vulnerable baby. This controlled trial investigated how first‐time mothers with singleton preterm babies handled that experience in the first few months after discharge from a NNU, compared to the first‐time mothers of healthy, singleton term‐born infants.
Optimization of gate-level area in high throughput Multiple Constant Multiplications

This paper addresses the problem of optimizing gate-level area in a pipelined Multiple Constant Multiplications (MCM) operation and introduces a high-level synthesis algorithm, called HCUB-DC+ILP. In the HCUB-DC+ILP algorithm, initially, a solution with the fewest number of operations under a minimum delay constraint is found by the Hcub-DC algorithm. Then, the area around this local minimum point is explored exactly using a 0–1 Integer Linear Programming (ILP) technique that considers the gate-level implementation of the pipelined MCM operation. The experimental results at both high-level and gate-level clearly show the efficiency of HCUB-DC+ILP over previously proposed prominent MCM algorithms.
Pose-Independent Facial Action Unit Intensity Regression Based on Multi-Task Deep Transfer Learning

Facial expression recognition plays an increasingly important role in human behavior analysis and human computer interaction. Facial action units (AUs) coded by the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) provide rich cues for the interpretation of facial expressions. Much past work on AU analysis used only frontal view images, but natural images contain a much wider variety of poses. The FG 2017 Facial Expression Recognition and Analysis challenge (FERA 2017) requires participants to estimate the AU occurrence and intensity under nine different pose angles. This paper proposes a multi-task deep network addressing the AU intensity estimation sub-challenge of FERA 2017. The network performs the tasks of pose estimation and pose-dependent AU intensity estimation simultaneously. It merges the pose-dependent AU intensity estimates into a single estimate using the estimated pose. The two tasks share transferred bottom layers of a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) pre-trained on ImageNet. Our model outperforms the baseline results, and achieves a balanced performance among nine pose angles for most AUs.
Evidence for Integrity of Parental Genomes in the Diploid Hybridogenetic Water Frog Pelophylax esculentus by Genomic in situ Hybridization

The Western Palearctic water frogs Pelophylax ridibundus and P. lessonae were identified as parental (sexual) species and P. esculentus as their interspecific, hybridogenetically reproducing hybrid with hemiclonal heredity. We used genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) to identify parental chromosomes of P.lessonae and P.ridibundus in diploid P. esculentus karyotypes (2n = 26). GISH probes were made by fluorochrome labeling of total genomic DNA extracted from the sexual progenitors. The labeled probe from one species was hybridized to chromosomes of P. esculentus in the presence of excess of unlabeled genomic DNA from the other species. Thus, the P. lessonae probe was blocked by P. ridibundus unlabeled DNA, and vice versa. We successfully discriminated each of the 13 respective parental chromosomes in metaphase complements of the hybrids according to species-specific hybridization signals. GISH enabled us to confirm additional differences between parental chromosomes in size (smaller chromosomes belong to P. lessonae) and in the presence of DAPI-positive centromeric heterochromatin (detected in chromosomes of P. ridibundus, but not in P. lessonae). The fact that no visible intergenomic exchanges were found in metaphase chromosomes of diploid P. esculentus provides important information on the genomic integrity of hemiclonal transmission and supports hybridogenesis as a reproductive mode at the chromosome level for the specimens examined.
MDCT for automated detection and measurement of pneumothoraces in trauma patients.

OBJECTIVE The size of a pneumothorax is an important index to guide the emergency treatment of trauma patients--chest tube drainage. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an automated computer-aided volumetry scheme for detection and measurement of pneumothoraces for trauma patients imaged with MDCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three pigs and 68 trauma patients with at least one diagnosed occult pneumothorax (23 women and 45 men; age range, 14-89 years; mean age, 41 +/- 19 years) were selected for the development and validation of our computer-aided volumetry scheme for pneumothorax. Computer-aided volumetry of pneumothorax consisted of five automated steps: extraction of pleural region, detection of pneumothorax candidates, delineation of the detected pneumothorax candidates, reduction of false-positive findings, and report of the volumetric measurement of pneumothoraces. RESULTS In the animal study, our computer-aided volumetry scheme yielded a mean value of 24.27 +/- 0.64 mL (SD) compared with 25 mL of air volume manually injected in each scan. The correlation coefficients were 0.999 and 0.997 for the in vivo and ex vivo comparison, respectively. In the patient study, the sensitivity of our computer-aided volumetry scheme was 100% with a false-positive rate of 0.15 per case for 32 occult pneumothoraces > or = 25 mL. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 for manual volumetry comparison. This automated computer-aided volumetry scheme took approximately 3 minutes to finish the detection and measurement per case. CONCLUSION The results show that our computer-aided volumetry scheme provides an automated method for accurate and efficient detection and measurement of pneumothoraces in MDCT images of trauma patients.
Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant and -Susceptible Staphylococcal Isolates from Bovine Milk in Northwestern China

Emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) in bovine milk is a major public health concern. The primary purpose of this research was to determine molecular genetic characteristics and antibiotic resistance of staphylococcal isolates recovered from milk of mastitic cows in the Shaanxi Province in Northwestern China. One hundred and thirteen methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), one mecA-positive and phenotype-positive MRSA, seven mecA- and mecC- negative but phenotype-positive MRSA and two MR-CoNS including one oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive Staphylococcus haemolyticus (OS-MRSH) and one mecA-positive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) isolates were recovered from 214 quarter milk samples on 4 dairy farms. All above 123 isolates were subjected to antibiotic resistance profiling. S. aureus isolates were also genotyped using the spa typing and the multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Eight MRSA and 2 MR-CoNS isolates were additionally tested for SCCmec types. Resistance was common among isolates against ampicillin or penicillin (80.5%), kanamycin (68.3%), gentamicin (67.5%), tetracycline (43.9%) and chloramphenicol (30.1%). However, no isolate was resistant to vancomycin or teicoplanin. Twenty, 29 and 58 isolates showed resistance to 1, 2 or more than 2 antibiotics, respectively. The predominant multidrug resistance profile was penicillin/ampicillin/kanamycin/gentamicin/tetracycline (46 isolates). Most S. aureus isolates belonged to spa types t524 (n = 63), t11772 (a new type, n = 31) and t4207 (n = 15). At the same time, MLST types ST71 (n = 67) and ST2738 (a new type, n = 45) were identified as dominant sequence types. The mecA-positive and phenotype-positive MRSA isolate had a composite genotype t524-ST71-SCCmecIVa, while 7 mecA-negative but phenotype-positive MRSA isolates were all t524-ST71. The OS-MRSH isolate contained a type V SCCmec cassette, while the MRSE isolate possessed a non-typeable SCCmec. The spa-MLST types t11772-ST2738 (n = 27), t11807-ST2683 (n = 4) and t11771-ST2738 (n = 3) were newly identified genotypes of S. aureus. These new genotypes and multidrug-resistant staphylococci could pose additional threat to animal and human health.
Functional and Molecular Characterization of the Role of CTCF in Human Embryonic Stem Cell Biology

The CCCTC-binding factor CTCF is the only known vertebrate insulator protein and has been shown to regulate important developmental processes such as imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation and genomic architecture. In this study, we examined the role of CTCF in human embryonic stem cell (hESC) biology. We demonstrate that CTCF associates with several important pluripotency genes, including NANOG, SOX2, cMYC and LIN28 and is critical for hESC proliferation. CTCF depletion impacts expression of pluripotency genes and accelerates loss of pluripotency upon BMP4 induced differentiation, but does not result in spontaneous differentiation. We find that CTCF associates with the distal ends and internal sites of the co-regulated 160 kb NANOG-DPPA3-GDF3 locus. Each of these sites can function as a CTCF-dependent enhancer-blocking insulator in heterologous assays. In hESCs, CTCF exists in multisubunit protein complexes and can be poly(ADP)ribosylated. Known CTCF cofactors, such as Cohesin, differentially co-localize in the vicinity of specific CTCF binding sites within the NANOG locus. Importantly, the association of some cofactors and protein PARlation selectively changes upon differentiation although CTCF binding remains constant. Understanding how unique cofactors may impart specialized functions to CTCF at specific genomic locations will further illuminate its role in stem cell biology.
Radical scavenging and NO-releasing properties of selected β-adrenoreceptor antagonists

It is claimed that novel β-adrenolytic drugs possess superior antioxidant properties as compared to classical selective or non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonists. Here we tested this notion by analyzing radical scavenging properties of selected β-adrenolytic drugs and their ability to release nitric oxide in biological preparations. Selective β1-adrenolytics such as nebivolol, atenolol, metoprolol and non-selective β-adrenolytics with α1-receptor blocking properties such as carvedilol and labetalol were chosen for analysis. NO-releasing properties of nebivolol and carvedilol distinguished third generation β-adrenolytics from their older counterparts while the reactivity towards hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals discerns only carvedilol but not nebivolol. Thus, superior clinical efficacy of third generation β-adrenolytics may be related to their ability to release NO rather then to their direct antioxidant properties.
Joint Power Allocation and User Association Optimization for Massive MIMO Systems

This paper investigates the joint power allocation and user association problem in multi-cell Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) downlink (DL) systems. The target is to minimize the total transmit power consumption when each user is served by an optimized subset of the base stations (BSs), using non-coherent joint transmission. We first derive a lower bound on the ergodic spectral efficiency (SE), which is applicable for any channel distribution and precoding scheme. Closed-form expressions are obtained for Rayleigh fading channels with either maximum ratio transmission (MRT) or zero forcing (ZF) precoding. From these bounds, we further formulate the DL power minimization problems with fixed SE constraints for the users. These problems are proved to be solvable as linear programs, giving the optimal power allocation and BS-user association with low complexity. Furthermore, we formulate a max-min fairness problem that maximizes the worst SE among the users, and we show that it can be solved as a quasi-linear program. Simulations manifest that the proposed methods provide good SE for the users using less transmit power than in small-scale systems and the optimal user association can effectively balance the load between BSs when needed. Even though our framework allows the joint transmission from multiple BSs, there is an overwhelming probability that only one BS is associated with each user at the optimal solution.
Ice-induced vibrations of wind turbines with a jacket support structure

The offshore wind industry is a relatively new but fast growing field in the global shift towards renergy to reduce carbon emissions. However, more difficulties arise in the design of an offshore wind turbine (OWT) compared to an onshore wind turbine, as the offshore structures are exposed to more environmental influences. One of those is sea ice. As wind farms are being built in areas where floating sea ice exists, such as the Baltic Sea and Bohai Bay, the effect of interaction of ice with an offshore wind turbine needs to be taken into account in the design phase. Several accidents have taken place in the past, where offshore structures such as bridges, lighthouses and oil platforms were exposed to severe ice loading, leading to human discomfort and damage or even failure of the structure. Recent research has shown that ice-induced vibrations (IIV) can develop in wind turbines with a monopile foundation. This research studies IIV in a wind turbine with a jacket foundation, which is used in deeper waters. These IIV can be categorized into three regimes: intermittent crushing (IC), frequency lock-in (FLI) and continuous brittle crushing (CBR), depending on both structural and ice properties. During IC, which occurs for low ice velocities, large forces act on the structure. For higher velocities, the failure of ice ‘locks in’ with one of the structural eigenmodes, leading to the FLI mode, where cyclic loading of the structure sustains. This periodic movement affects the fatigue of the structure. When ice is moving at even higher velocities, the CBR regime begins, in which the ice load does not show a periodicity but fluctuates around a relatively low mean value, resulting in small, random oscillations of the structure around the mean deflection. In this research, the effect of these IIV on offshore wind turbines with a jacket foundation was investigated. To that end, a structural model for a 5MW wind turbine has been implemented and a preliminary study indicated that the second eigenmode is most susceptible to FLI. Next, the structural model has been coupled to a phenomenological ice model which simulates the three regimes of IIV. Case studies have shown that all IIV regimes do occur in the OWT when ice is acting on the structure; large displacements of the structure occur in IC and sustained oscillations take place in the second bending mode during FLI. Moreover, it was shown that the angle of incidence of ice has no effect on the IIV due to symmetry in the model. On the other hand, the chosen damping values have a large influence on the occurrence of IIV. Finally, it was found that a wind force solely can increase the displacements during IIV, but the aerodynamic damping involved reduces them.
HexEx

State-of-the-art hex meshing algorithms consist of three steps: Frame-field design, parametrization generation, and mesh extraction. However, while the first two steps are usually discussed in detail, the last step is often not well studied. In this paper, we fully concentrate on reliable mesh extraction. Parametrization methods employ computationally expensive countermeasures to avoid mapping input tetrahedra to degenerate or flipped tetrahedra in the parameter domain because such a parametrization does not define a proper hexahedral mesh. Nevertheless, there is no known technique that can guarantee the complete absence of such artifacts. We tackle this problem from the other side by developing a mesh extraction algorithm which is extremely robust against typical imperfections in the parametrization. First, a sanitization process cleans up numerical inconsistencies of the parameter values caused by limited precision solvers and floating-point number representation. On the sanitized parametrization, we extract vertices and so-called darts based on intersections of the integer grid with the parametric image of the tetrahedral mesh. The darts are reliably interconnected by tracing within the parametrization and thus define the topology of the hexahedral mesh. In a postprocessing step, we let certain pairs of darts cancel each other, counteracting the effect of flipped regions of the parametrization. With this strategy, our algorithm is able to robustly extract hexahedral meshes from imperfect parametrizations which previously would have been considered defective. The algorithm will be published as an open source library [Lyon et al. 2016].
A divide and conquer strategy for scaling weather simulations with multiple regions of interest

Accurate and timely prediction of weather phenomena, such as hurricanes and flash floods, require high-fidelity compute intensive simulations of multiple finer regions of interest within a coarse simulation domain. Current weather applications execute these nested simulations sequentially using all the available processors, which is sub-optimal due to their sub-linear scalability. In this work, we present a strategy for parallel execution of multiple nested domain simulations based on partitioning the 2-D processor grid into disjoint rectangular regions associated with each domain. We propose a novel combination of performance prediction, processor allocation methods and topology-aware mapping of the regions on torus interconnects. Experiments on IBM Blue Gene systems using WRF show that the proposed strategies result in performance improvement of up to 33% with topology-oblivious mapping and up to additional 7% with topology-aware mapping over the default sequential strategy.