Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How to Design Student Worksheet Based ELPSA Model to Improve Understanding of Mathematics Concepts?

Understanding of mathematics concept is the most important resolution in learning where students not only memorize the material but can understand and apply it in their daily lives. The ELPSA learning model can improve students' understanding of concepts through learning experiences, developing communication, presenting images in the form of visualizations, symbolizing in general terms, and as the application of the knowledge that has been obtained (application). This study aims to produce a product in the form of an ELPSA-based Student Worksheet that meets the criteria of being valid, practical, effective and has the potential to improve students' conceptual understanding. The method of this research is a 4D development model which is modified into 3D (Define, Design, and Develop). data collection instruments consist of observations, questionnaires and tests. This research produces valid, practical and effective student worksheets that can improve students' understanding of mathematical concepts. The results of this study indicate that the student worksheets are valid with good criteria. The student response questionnaire are 85.6% so it can be concluded that the student worksheets used are practical and can be used in learning. The effectiveness of obtaining a posttest average value of 87.06 with a percentage of 92.5% of students declared complete in learning. Student worksheets are said to be effective if student learning outcomes are declared complete. Mastery learning classically is said to be effective if it has reached 75% of the total number of students. Finally, student worksheets can improve students' understanding of mathematical concepts seen from the pretest and posttest questions that have been given. Student worksheets that have been applied can be a contribution for teachers to improve students' mathematical understanding in learning.
Riesgo de abandono escolar: ¿cómo influyen las características sociofamiliares percibidas por los estudiantes sobre sus actitudes y comportamiento en el aula?

El abandono escolar temprano supone un importante problema social al que hay que hacer frente dadas las consecuencias negativas que produce para el individuo, así como los altos costes sociales que conlleva. Combatir el abandono es uno de los indicadores de Desarrollo Sostenible de Europa y un reto para muchos centros educativos. Presentamos los resultados del proyecto “Alumnado en riesgo de abandono” desarrollado en Andalucía (España). Esta comunidad presenta una tasa de abandono muy alta (21.6% de media) si la comparamos con la media europea (entorno al 10%). Analizamos los factores de riesgo de abandono escolar del alumnado de esta comunidad relacionando sus actitudes y comportamientos en el aula respecto a las características sociofamiliares. La metodología empleada ha sido cuantitativa. Se aplicaron dos escalas a una muestra representativa de 1426 estudiantes: una mide las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre las características sociofamiliares y la otra, la percepción de los estudiantes sobre las actitudes y comportamiento del alumnado en el aula; ambas elaboradas a partir de los trabajos de Fortin et al. (2006) y Lessard et al. (2008). Los principales resultados apuntan a la relevancia que las características familiares tienen sobre los comportamientos y actitudes del alumnado, no teniendo tanta influencia la implicación familiar como un predictor de dichas conductas. Como principal conclusión extraemos que las características sociofamiliares influyen en las actitudes y comportamiento del alumnado en el aula percibiendo como principal característica la importancia de la educación en el seno familiar.
Spatial Inequity of Transit and Automobile Access Gap across America for Underserved Population

This study examines the correlates of the Modal Access Gap (MAG) between transit and automobile to employment opportunities in the 45 most populated American metropolitan areas by testing spatial lag regression models and employing the bivariate local indicator of spatial autocorrelation (BiLISA) at the census block group geographical level. Four findings are discerned. First, MAG is positive regardless of the metropolitan area and travel-time threshold and ranges from 0.22 to 0.98. This indicates transit trails automobile in offering access to employment opportunities. Second, millennials and carless households tend to reside in areas with a narrower MAG, while people with disabilities reside in areas with a wider MAG. Third, areas with a high share of carless households and relatively low transit access to employment opportunities are primarily clustered in the suburbs and exurbs of American metropolitan areas. Fourth, the MAG disproportionately affects socially vulnerable populations, including the elderly, people with disabilities, low-income households, Hispanics, and African Americans. Compared with the national average, modal access inequity is prevalent for the elderly in 27, for people with disabilities in 22, for low-income households in 17, for Hispanics in 14, and for African Americans in 12 metropolitan areas. This research is a necessary step forward for instilling social equity into transport planning strategies in parallel with governmental efforts.
Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the South Asian freshwater‐fish genus Puntius (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)

During the past decade, the ca 120 species of small, colourful tropical Asian freshwater fishes previously referred to the cyprinid genus Puntius have been shown to consist of multiple morphologically distinct evolutionary lineages that resolve as monophyletic groups in molecular studies. Many of these clades have been allocated to new genera such as Dawkinsia, Desmopuntius, Haludaria, Oliotius, Pethia, Puntigrus, Sahyadria, Striuntius and Waikhomia. Others have been assigned to existing but previously poorly delineated genera such as Barbodes and Systomus, while some 40 species remain in Puntius. The divergent morphology of several species retained in Puntius suggests, however, that the systematics of this group requires further attention. Here, based on a phylogeny incorporating newly generated data from the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb), mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), nuclear recombination activating protein 1 (rag1), and interphotoreceptor retinoid‐binding protein (irbp) gene markers, we investigate the interrelationships of the species of Puntius in Sri Lanka in the wider context of their Indian and Southeast Asian congeners. We identify three well‐supported monophyletic groups that warrant recognition as new genera: Rohanella (type species Puntius titteya), Plesiopuntius (type species Gnathopogon bimaculatus) and Bhava (type species Puntius vittatus). The first of these is endemic to rainforest streams in Sri Lanka's perhumid southwestern wet zone, whereas the latter two are widely distributed in both Sri Lanka and southern India, including the Western Ghats. Our study highlights the presence of distinct evolutionary lineages among several widespread species.
Antibiotic Use for Common Infections in Pediatric Emergency Departments: A Narrative Review

Antibiotics are one of the most prescribed medications in pediatric emergency departments. Antimicrobial stewardship programs assist in the reduction of antibiotic use in pediatric patients. However, the establishment of antimicrobial stewardship programs in pediatric EDs remains challenging. Recent studies provide evidence that common infectious diseases treated in the pediatric ED, including acute otitis media, tonsillitis, community-acquired pneumonia, preseptal cellulitis, and urinary-tract infections, can be treated with shorter antibiotic courses. Moreover, there is still controversy regarding the actual need for antibiotic treatment and the optimal dosing scheme for each infection.
Remote sensing of deep convection within a tropical‐like cyclone over the Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean basin occasionally hosts tropical‐like cyclones named “Medicanes”. Medicanes may have intensity comparable to hurricanes in terms of wind speeds along with an axisymmetric cloud structure. Although these events can be particularly violent, very few studies so far have investigated the distribution and temporal evolution of deep convection within these cyclones. In this study, the characteristics and lifetime of deep convection and lightning activity surrounding the core of the longest‐lasting and probably the most intense Medicane ever recorded in terms of wind speed (Rolf, November 2011) are presented by all available means of microwave and infrared satellite retrievals and a lightning detection system. Results showed that deep convective clouds penetrated the lowest stratosphere and were wrapped around the cyclone centre during the intensification period. Lightning activity was mostly active about a day before the maximum strength of the cyclone studied and it was not temporarily correlated with the most intense deep convection activity. Overall, this study reveals that spatial and temporal distribution of deep convection and lightning activity around the centre of Rolf show more similarities with Tropical Cyclones than intense Mediterranean cyclones.
Debiasing reasoning:a signal detection analysis

This thesis focuses on deductive reasoning and how the belief bias effect can be reduced or ameliorated. Belief bias is a phenomenon whereby the evaluation of the logical validity of an argument is skewed by the degree to which the reasoner believes the conclusion. There has been little research examining ways of reducing such bias and whether there is some sort of effective intervention which makes people reason more on the basis of logic. Traditional analyses of this data has focussed on simple measures of accuracy, typically deducting the number of incorrect answers from the number of correct answers to give an accuracy score. However, recent theoretical developments have shown that this approach fails to separate reasoning biases and response biases. A reasoning bias, is one which affects individuals’ ability to discriminate between valid and invalid arguments, whereas a response bias is simply the individual’s tendency to give a particular answer, independent of reasoning. A Signal Detection Theory (SDT) approach is used to calculate measures of reasoning accuracy and response bias. These measures are then analysed using mixed effects models. Chapter 1 gives a general introduction to the topic, and outlines the content of subsequent chapters. In Chapter 2, I review the psychological literature around belief bias, the growth of the use of SDT models, and approaches to reducing bias. Chapter 3 covers the methodology, and includes a a thorough description of the calculation of the SDT measures, and an explanation of the mixed effects models I used to analyse these. Chapter 4 presents an experiment in which the effects of feedback on reducing belief bias is examined. In Chapter 5, the focus shifts in the direction of individual differences, and looks at the effect of different instructions given to participants, and Chapter 6 examines the effects of both feedback and specific training. Chapter 7 provides a general discussion of the implications of the previous three chapters.
e quity M arket S PilloverS in tHe a MericaS

Many aspects of financial markets merit monitoring in risk management and portfolio allocation contexts, including (and perhaps especially) in contexts of interest to central banks. Much recent attention, for example, has been devoted to measuring and forecasting return volatilities and correlations, as in the case of market-based implied volatilities. One can extend the market-based approach by monitoring not implied volatility extracted from a single option, but rather entire risk-neutral densities extracted from sets of options with different strike prices (Gray and Malone, 2008). This is consistent with the density forecasting perspective on risk measurement advocated by Diebold, Gunther, and Tay (1998) and several of the references therein. In many contexts, however, derivatives markets are not available for the objects of interest. Such is the case in this paper, in which we focus on measuring spillovers in equity returns and equity return volatilities. In particular, we consider cross-country stock market spillovers in the Americas, asking how much of the forecast error variance of a country’s broad stock market return (or volatility) is due to shocks in other countries’ markets. There are simply no derivatives markets from which one might obtain “implied spillovers. ”
Online Learning is a City without Police: Influence of Proficiency on Libyan EFL Learners’ Perceptions

With the spread of COVID-19 and the replacement of face-to-face classes with emergency online learning, many studies have investigated English as a Foreign Language learners’ perceptions regarding their experiences of emergency online learning. However, the influence of EFL learners’ proficiency levels on their perceptions is still a neglected area. Conducting in-depth interviews with a group of Libyan EFL learners (n=18) by employing the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique, this study investigated their metaphorical perceptions regarding emergency online learning across the three proficiency levels of Basic, Independent, and Proficient Users according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. Considering the large number of EFL learners around the world and the felt literature gap, this study investigated the relationship between EFL learners’ proficiency levels and perceptions. The three main features of online learning reflected in the participants’ metaphors were (i) lack of the teacher’s physical presence, (ii) lack of peers’ physical presence and (iii) lack of nonverbal communication cues. Furthermore, this study reveals a significant relationship between the learners’ language proficiency levels and perceptions. For instance, Basic Users perceived the lack of a teacher’s presence by metaphors of ‘unsafety’ and ‘fear’, while Independent and Proficient Users respectively perceived it by metaphors of ‘freedom’ and ‘power’. Accordingly, the learners reported different class behaviors and learning strategies in response to these features
Elastic limit and vanishing external force for granular systems

We consider two popular models derived from the theory of granular gases. The first model is the inelastic Boltzmann equation with a diffusion term representing the heat bath, the second model is obtained by a self-similar transformation for the inelastic Boltzmann equation in the homogeneous cooling problem. We prove that the steady states of the two models converge to a Maxwellian equilibrium or a Dirac distribution in the elastic limit and the vanishing external force, respectively. Our results show that the limits of the steady states depend on the ratio of external energy and dissipated energy due to inelastic collision. These results provide a partial answer to a question proposed by Gamba, Panferov and Villani (Comm. Math. Phys. 246,503-541. 2004).
Associations of thalamocortical networks with reduced mindfulness in alcohol use disorder

Background Increased mindfulness is associated with reduced alcohol consumption in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) after residential treatment. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanism of mindfulness in AUD is unclear. Therefore, we investigate the structural and functional alterations of the thalamocortical system with a focus on the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD-TN), the default mode and the salience network (DMN/SN) which has previously been associated with mindfulness in healthy subjects. We hypothesized lower mindfulness and reduced structural and functional connectivity (FC) of the thalamocortical system, particularly in the DMN/SN in AUD. We assumed that identified neurobiological alterations in AUD are associated with impairments of mindfulness. Methods Forty-five abstinent patients with AUD during residential treatment and 20 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Structural and resting-state functional MRI-scans were acquired. We analysed levels of mindfulness, thalamic volumes and network centrality degree of the MD-TN using multivariate statistics. Using seed-based whole brain analyses we investigated functional connectivity (FC) of the MD-TN. We performed exploratory correlational analyses of structural and functional DMN/SN measurements with levels of mindfulness. Results In AUD we found significantly lower levels of mindfulness, lower bilateral thalamic and left MD-TN volumes, reduced FC between MD-TN and anterior cingulum/insula and lower network centrality degree of the left MD-TN as compared to HC. In AUD, lower mindfulness was associated with various reductions of structural and functional aspects of the MD-TN. Conclusion Our results suggest that structural and functional alterations of a network including the MD-TN and the DMN/SN underlies disturbed mindfulness in AUD.
Image dehazing based on non-local saturation

In this paper, a method based on non-local saturation algorithm is proposed to avoid block and halo effect for single image dehazing with dark channel prior. First we convert original image from RGB color space into HSV color space with the idea of non-local method. Image saturation is weighted equally by the size of fixed window according to image resolution. Second we utilize the saturation to estimate the atmospheric light value and transmission rate. Then through the function of saturation and transmission, the haze-free image is obtained based on the atmospheric scattering model. Comparing the results of existing methods, our method can restore image color and enhance contrast. We guarantee the proposed method with quantitative and qualitative evaluation respectively. Experiments show the better visual effect with high efficiency.
Étude d’équations à retard appliquées à la régulation de la production de plaquettes sanguines

L’objectif de cette these est d’etudier, a l’aide de modeles mathematiques, le mecanisme de regulation qui permet au corps de maintenir une quantite optimale de plaquettes sanguines. Le premier chapitre presente le contexte biologique et mathematique. Dans un second chapitre, un modele pour la megacaryopoiese est introduit qui suppose une regulation ponctuelle par le nombre de plaquettes du taux de differentiation des cellules souches vers la lignee megacaryocytaire et du nombre de plaquettes produites par megacaryocyte. Nous montrons que la dynamique de ce modele est regie par une equation differentielle a retard x'(t) = -? x(t)+f(x(t))g(x(t-t)), et nous obtenons ensuite de nouvelles conditions suffisantes pour la stabilite et l’oscillation des solutions de cette equation. Dans le troisieme chapitre, nous analysons un second modele pour la megacaryopoiese qui considere cette fois-ci une regulation operee en continu uniquement via la vitesse de maturation des megacaryoblastes. L’analyse de stabilite necessite d’adapter un cadre pre-existant aux cas ou le parametre de bifurcation n’est pas le retard, et permet de montrer que l’augmentation du taux de mort des megacaryoblastes conduit a l’apparition de solutions periodiques, en accord avec les observations cliniques de la thrombopenie cyclique amegacaryocytaire. Le dernier chapitre est consacre l’analyse de stabilite d’une equation differentielle a deux retards qui apparait notamment dans le cadre de la megacaryopoiese lorsque l’on considere que les plaquettes ont une duree de vie limitee
Continuum Gyrokinetic Simulations of NSTX SOL Turbulence with Sheath-Limited Model Geometries

We describe results obtained from Gkeyll, a full-F continuum gyrokinetic code, designed to study turbulence in the edge region of fusion devices. The edge region is computationally very challenging, requiring robust algorithms that can handle large amplitude fluctuations and stable interactions with sheath boundary conditions. Results of turbulence in a scrape-off layer (SOL) for NSTX-type parameters with a model magnetic geometry have been obtained. Key physics of SOL turbulence, such as drive by toroidal bad curvature and steep gradients and interactions with a model sheath boundary condition are included. This allows us to perform parameter scans and physics studies, such as the physics of heat flux width on the divertor plate, and the amplitude and intermittency of SOL turbulence. Initial results find that the heat flux narrows as the connection length is made shorter (the poloidal field becomes stronger). To validate the code, we have studied turbulence in the straight-field LAPD device at UCLA and the Helimak device at the University of Texas. We will also describe the extension of the GENE gyrokinetic code to be full-F, and initial GENE simulations for LAPD.
Safety and Efficacy Outcomes of Off-Label Tenecteplase versus Alteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Real-World Experience

Background: Tenecteplase offers several practical advantages over alteplase; recent comparative studies have demonstrated tenecteplase to be non-inferior to alteplase in terms of its safety and efficacy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We recently switched to Tenecteplase for AIS from alteplase and describe our real-world outcome data. Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of alteplase with tenecteplase for AIS. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients’ thrombolysis with alteplase or Tenecteplase from January 1 st , 2021, to December 31 st , 2021. Patients were included if they had received alteplase or tenecteplase within 4.5 hours of symptom onset. Patients with wake-up stroke were excluded. The primary outcome was a composite of bleeding-related adverse events. Secondary outcomes included door-to-needle (DTN) time, median 24-hour National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, discharge NIHSS score