Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two smooth analogs for a piecewise-smooth 1 predator--2 prey system

We construct two smooth analogs of an existing piecewise-smooth dynamical system model for freshwater plankton that consists of an adaptively feeding predator and its two prey types. We relax the assumption of "discontinuous" prey switching and thereby allow a gradual change in the predator's diet choice as a response to prey abundance, and we then fit the parameter to empirical data to infer the slope of the gradual diet switch. We smooth out the piecewise-smooth dynamical system in two different ways: (1) by using the hyperbolic tangent function, and (2) by incorporating a parameter that changes abruptly across the discontinuity in a piecewise-smooth system as a system variable that is coupled to the population dynamics. We conduct linear stability analyses and compare the model behavior of the two smooth models with that of the piecewise-smooth model. We then compare model predictions quantitatively to data for freshwater plankton and show that the two smooth analogs fit the data well when the smooth transition is steep, supporting the simplifying assumption of a discontinuous prey switching behavior in this scenario.
Anisotropic Gevrey regularity for mKdV on the circle

It is shown that the solution to the Cauchy problem for the modifi ed Korteweg-de Vries equation with initial data in an analytic Gevrey space $G^\sigma$, $\sigma \>= 1$, as a function of the spacial variable belongs to the same Gevrey space. However, considered as function of time the solution does not belong to $G^\sigma$. In fact, it belong to $G^(3\sigma)$ and not to any Gevrey space $G^r$, 1 $\<= r$ < 3$\sigma$.
Measurement of the small-scale structure of the intergalactic medium using close quasar pairs

Using quasar pairs to measure smoothness Space between galaxies is filled with a tenuous gas known as the intergalactic medium (IGM). The presence of hydrogen atoms in the IGM at different redshifts imprints a series of absorption lines in the spectra of background quasars. Rorai et al. studied pairs of closely spaced quasars and quantified how similar their absorption lines are as a function of transverse separation and redshift. They thus assessed the smoothness of the IGM on relatively small scales—several times the size of a galaxy. The results constrain interactions between galaxies and the IGM, such as heating by ultraviolet photons. Science, this issue p. 418 Comparing absorption lines in pairs of quasars measures the smoothness of the intergalactic medium. The distribution of diffuse gas in the intergalactic medium (IGM) imprints a series of hydrogen absorption lines on the spectra of distant background quasars known as the Lyman-α forest. Cosmological hydrodynamical simulations predict that IGM density fluctuations are suppressed below a characteristic scale where thermal pressure balances gravity. We measured this pressure-smoothing scale by quantifying absorption correlations in a sample of close quasar pairs. We compared our measurements to hydrodynamical simulations, where pressure smoothing is determined by the integrated thermal history of the IGM. Our findings are consistent with standard models for photoionization heating by the ultraviolet radiation backgrounds that reionized the universe.
Studies on biodiversity, ethnobotanical uses and physicochemical properties of underutilized fruits in Nagaland and Meghalaya

A study was conducted on the bio-diversity and physicochemical properties of underutilized fruit crops in Nagaland and Meghalaya during 2018-19 under the Department of Horticulture, SASRD, Nagaland University. Artocarpus lakoocha, Averrhoa carambola, Baccaurea ramiflora, Canarium strictum, Citrus indica, Docynia indica, Elaeagnus latifolia, Garcinia lanceifolia, Haematocarpus validus, Myrica nagi, Phyllanthus acidus, Prunus napaulensis, Spondias pinnata and Terminalia chebula were found to be in abundance in the local communities and these fruits play an important role in diet of the local tribes and the local communities have their own vernacular names for the particular fruits which were collected from villages through interaction. The village elders, traditional healers, etc. are well-versed in the medicinal uses of these fruits and their different parts. Most of the fruits are consumed or sold in the local market by collecting them from the forests. The fruits are used as fresh or in various processed products such as RTS, pickles, jam, etc., or utilized in various medicinal purposes like paste and powder to treat wounds, boils, rashes, digestive problems, etc. The physicochemical properties showed a wide spectrum of variation in TSS (6.66-26.46 °Brix), total sugar (4.34-12.01%), reducing sugar (2.19-5.96%), titratable acidity (0.44-4.82%), ascorbic acid (4.40-115.50 mg/100g pulp) and anthocyanin (15.27-117.10 mg/100 g pulp) among the various fruits analyzed
Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Juba, 1 South Sudan: a population-based study 2

We quantified IgG antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain and estimated seroprevalence using a Bayesian regression model accounting for test performance. 4 SARS-CoV-2 has spread extensively within Juba. Validation of serological tests in sub-Saharan African populations is critical to improve our ability to use serosurveillance to understand and mitigate transmission.
THE CASE STUDY IN FAMILY BUSINESS: AN ANALYSIS OF CURRENT RESEARCH PRACTICES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

In this study we identified and analyzed 75 articles in the family business (FB) literature between 2000 and 2014, focusing on the case study design they adopted. We found the positivistic case study approach to be the FB disciplinary convention. The two alternative approaches of critical realism and interpretivism were used to a significantly lesser extent. We anticipate that in the future the positivistic approach will continue to be used widely. The other two approaches could be employed to a greater extent, thus contributing to scientific pluralism in FB case study research.
The influences of ocean on intensity of Typhoon Soudelor (2015) as revealed by coupled modeling

Typhoon Soudelor (2015) moved northwestward toward Taiwan and passed several mesoscale ocean eddies over the open ocean. A high‐resolution air–sea coupled model HWRF is employed to simulate Soudelor. Coupled model with low‐ or high‐resolution ocean conditions can largely reduce the over‐intensification of the typhoon from uncoupled modeling. Coupled modeling with a more realistic finer‐resolution Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) analysis helps better capture the rapid weakening of the super‐intense typhoon for the first 2 days and the following re‐intensification before 80 hr, due to the initial more realistic ocean conditions. The rapid weakening is related to the existence of initial cold core ocean eddies near the earlier typhoon, while the warm core eddies tend to decrease the typhoon‐induced SST cooling and thus induce the re‐intensification of the later typhoon. The typhoon boundary layer is shallower at the rear‐right quadrant of the moving typhoon than that at other quadrants. The coupled modeling results show that a much shallower boundary layer lower than 200 m is produced at the rear‐right quadrant for the super‐intense typhoon as the typhoon passes over cold core eddies and induces stronger SST cooling. In addition, stronger typhoon cold wake in coupled experiments induces larger inflow angles at lower levels at the rear‐right quadrant than other studies. The simulated track near and after landfall at east Taiwan is also improved for the coupled experiment compared to the uncoupled experiment.
Numerical solution of time fractional Burgers equation

Abstract In this article, the time fractional order Burgers equation has been solved by quadratic B-spline Galerkin method. This method has been applied to three model problems. The obtained numerical solutions and error norms L2 and L∞ have been presented in tables. Absolute error graphics as well as those of exact and numerical solutions have been given.
Role of an isolated eddy near the turbulent/non-turbulent interface layer

T. Watanabe,1,2,* R. Jaulino,2 R. R. Taveira,2 C. B. da Silva,1,2 K. Nagata,1 and Y. Sakai3 1Department of Aerospace Engineering, Nagoya University, 464-8603 Nagoya, Japan 2LAETA, IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal 3Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, 464-8603 Nagoya, Japan (Received 10 December 2016; published 25 September 2017)
Minorités linguistiques et société Linguistic Minorities and Society The Last Standard-Bearers of Biculturalism: A Quebec-Ontario Comparison of Cosmopolitan, National, Subnational, and Local Affiliations among Official Language Minorities

Despite the popularity of the cosmopolitan idea of “postnationality” and multicultural concepts of citizenship, biculturalism continues to have a lasting impact upon Canadian institutions and group loyalties. This article constitutes the first empirical investigation of affiliations among the two largest official minority language groups in Canada, Anglo-Quebecers and Franco-Ontarians. Concurring with previous research, the study finds that organizational engagement predicts stronger socio-territorial affiliations. Furthermore, evidence shows that, Franco-Ontarians are 1) less likely to be cosmopolitan than Anglo-Quebecers, 2) about equally likely to be attached to the Canadian national identity as Anglo-Quebecers, 3) more likely to identify with their province than Anglo-Quebecers, and 4) more likely to have a strong affiliation with their local polity than Anglo-Quebecers. Taken together, the findings suggest that cosmopolitanism might work better for majorities than minorities, and as a consequence for Anglophones than Francophones even when the former are in a minority setting.
An investigation on responses of thermoelastic interactions in a generalized thermoelasticity with memory-dependent derivatives inside a thick plate

The present work is carried out under generalized thermoelasticity theory with memory-dependent derivatives. The main purpose of this work is to analyze the thermoelastic interactions inside an infinitely extended thick plate due to axis-symmetric temperature distribution applied at the lower and upper surfaces of the plate under memory-dependent generalized thermoelasticity. The formulation of the problem is done in the context of the theory of thermoelasticity under memory-dependent derivatives with inclusion of time delay parameter τ and kernel functions that are defined in a slipping interval [ t − τ , t ) . The potential function concept along with Laplace and Hankel transform techniques is used to solve the problem. Furthermore, inversion of the Hankel transform technique is used to find the solution in the Laplace transform domain. The final solution in the space–time domain is obtained by employing a numerical method of Laplace inversion. We have also compared the present findings with work which has been done earlier. An analysis and the comparison of all the physical fields inherent to the generalized thermoelasticity with one relaxation parameter are given in a detailed way. The special findings and differences of using different kernel functions are highlighted.
Food allergy knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of parents with food‐allergic children in the United States

Gupta RS, Springston EE, Smith B, Kim JS, Pongracic JA, Wang X, Holl J. Food allergy knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of parents with food‐allergic children in the United States. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010: 21: 927–934. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Competition and Quality: Evidence from the NHS Internal Market 1991-9

Payer-driven competition has been widely advocated as a means of increasing efficiency in health care markets. The 1990s reforms to the UK health service followed this path. We examine whether competition led to better outcomes for patients, as measured by death rates after treatment following heart attacks. We exploit differences in competition over time and space to identify the impact of competition. Using data on mortality as a measure of hospital quality and exploiting the policy change during the 1990s, we find that the relationship between competition and quality of care appears to be negative.
International Journal of Copd Dovepress Dovepress Efficacy and Safety of Tiotropium Respimat ® Smi in Copd in Two 1-year Randomized Studies

Two 1-year studies evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of tiotropium 5 or 10 µg versus placebo, inhaled via the Respimat ® Soft Mist TM Inhaler (SMI). The two studies were combined and had 4 co-primary endpoints (trough FEV 1 response, Mahler Transition Dyspnea Index [TDI] and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire scores all at week 48, and COPD exacerbations per patient-year). A total of 1990 patients with COPD participated (mean FEV 1 : 1.09 L). The mean trough FEV 1 response of tiotropium 5 or 10 µg relative to placebo was 127 or 150 mL, respectively (both P  0.0001). The COPD exacerbation rate was significantly lower with tiotropium 5 µg (RR = 0.78; P = 0.002) and tiotropium 10 µg (RR = 0.73; P = 0.0008); the health-related quality of life and Mahler TDI co-primary endpoints were significantly improved with both doses (both P  0.0001). Adverse events were generally balanced except anticholinergic class effects, which were more frequent with active treatment. Fatal events occurred in 2.4% (5 µg), 2.7% (10 µg), and 1.6% (placebo) of patients; these differences were not significant. Tiotropium Respimat ® SMI 5 µg demonstrated sustained improvements in patients with COPD relative to placebo and similar to the 10 µg dose but with a lower frequency of anticholinergic adverse events.
Functional significance of symmetrical versus asymmetrical GroEL-GroES chaperonin complexes

The Escherichia coli chaperonin GroEL and its regulator GroES are thought to mediate adenosine triphosphate-dependent protein folding as an asymmetrical complex, with substrate protein bound within the GroEL cylinder. In contrast, a symmetrical complex formed between one GroEL and two GroES oligomers, with substrate protein binding to the outer surface of GroEL, was recently proposed to be the functional chaperonin unit. Electron microscopic and biochemical analyses have now shown that unphysiologically high magnesium concentrations and increased pH are required to assemble symmetrical complexes, the formation of which precludes the association of unfolded polypeptide. Thus, the functional significance of GroEL:(GroES)2 particles remains to be demonstrated.
Bringing it All Back Home - Return Migration and Fertility Choices

Return migration exerts a wide-ranging influence upon the countries of origin of the migrants. We analyze whether returnees adjust their fertility choices to the norms that prevail in their previous countries of destination using Egyptian household-level data. Egyptian men migrate predominantly toward other Arab countries characterized by a higher number of children per woman. Relying on a two-step instrumental variable approach to control for the endogeneity of the migration decisions, we show that return migration has a positive and significant influence on marital childbearing.
PATTERN OF DISTRIBUTION OF THE RISK FACTORS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AMONG ADULTS IN OWERRI, IMO-STATE, NIGERIA

Chronic kidney disease is a global public health concern and its associated risk factors vary between climes. The rising prevalence of this non-communicable disease calls for serious attention to the risk factors of this disease. This study to ascertain the pattern of distribution of the risk factors of chronic kidney disease was carried out on 750 participants with males being 244 and females 506. About 484 (64.5%) of the participants had hypertension (males 152 (62.2%), females 332 (65.6%). With respect to diabetes, 76 (10.1%) of the participants had diabetes (males 36 (14.8%) and females 40 (7.9%). Obesity was recorded in 145 (19.3%) of the study participants, out of which 17 (7.0%) and 128 (25.3%) of the males and females had obesity respectively. More so, 33 (13.5%) of the males and 7 (1.4%) of the females currently smoke and overall percentage prevalence of 40 (5.3%) was recorded for cigarette smoking. Alcohol use was found in 258 (34.4%) of the participants, with males and females recording 144 (59.0%) and 114 (22.5%) respectively. Co-morbidity of hypertension and diabetes was found to be 56 (7.5%), while 207 (27.6%) and 14 (1.9%) of the participants were not aware they had hypertension and diabetes respectively. Hypertension was found to be more prevalent among the study participants. Screening people from time to time will help to detect these risk factors on time, thereby aiding the prevention and control of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is also imperative that prevention and control be focused on lifestyle changes which form the bedrock of primary level of prevention. Article visualizations:
Delft University of Technology Predictive potential of Perzyna viscoplastic modelling for granular geomaterials

11 This paper reappraises Perzyna-type viscoplasticity for the constitutive modelling of granular 12 geomaterials, with emphasis on the simulation of rate/time effects of different magnitude. An existing 13 elasto-plastic model for sands is first recast into a Perzyna viscoplastic formulation, then 14 calibrated/validated against laboratory test results on Hostun sand from the literature. Notable model 15 features include (i) enhanced definition of the viscous nucleus function, and (ii) void ratio dependence 16 of stiffness and viscous parameters, to model the pycnotropic behaviour of granular materials with a 17 single set of parameters, uniquely identified against standard creep and triaxial test results. The 18 comparison between experimental data and numerical simulations points out the predicative capability 19 of the developed model and the complexity of defining a unique viscous nucleus function to capture 20 sand behaviour under different loading/initial/boundary and drainage conditions. It is concluded that the 21 unified viscoplastic simulation of both drained and undrained response is particularly challenging within 22 Perzyna’s framework and opens to future research in the area. The discussion presented is relevant, for 23 instance, to the simulation of multi-phase strain localisation phenomena, such as those associated to 24 slope stability problems in variably saturated soils. 25 26
Socio-Economic Network of Cattle Business in the Animal Market of Lili - Camplong, Kupang Regency

There are four fundamental goals for the people of East Nusa Tenggara in raising and developing cattle as a legacy from the Colonial. First, the cow is a sign of social status. The social status of the local community is not solely determined by how much money a family has, but more than that, social status is also determined by how many cows are kept in a large paddock. Secondly, the cow is an animal that supports the mating process. The cow is an animal that is a symbol of marriage for the people of NTT. Third, cows as animals that help the economy. Fourth, cattle are a commodity that is traded by local economic authorities who have extensive business networks. This descriptive qualitative research aims to examine the socio-economic networks among cattle farmers who come from the lower classes who also work as subsistence farmers, concerning cattle businessmen. As qualitative research, this study used three main methods to obtain field data. First, the in-depth interview was conducted with buyers, the local strong man Business Network, and the government of Kupang Regency. The second is the observation which was done in several villages in Kupang Regency and Camplong Market. Third, focus group discussion (FGD) was carried out on various related parties in the selling cycle involving local governments, businesses, cattle traders, and the community in general. The results of this study will be published in scientific journals and local media
Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Brain Development, and How Cognitive Neuroscience May Contribute to Levelling the Playing Field

The study of socioeconomic status (SES) and the brain finds itself in a circumstance unusual for Cognitive Neuroscience: large numbers of questions with both practical and scientific importance exist, but they are currently under-researched and ripe for investigation. This review aims to highlight these questions, to outline their potential significance, and to suggest routes by which they might be approached. Although remarkably few neural studies have been carried out so far, there exists a large literature of previous behavioural work. This behavioural research provides an invaluable guide for future neuroimaging work, but also poses an important challenge for it: how can we ensure that the neural data contributes predictive or diagnostic power over and above what can be derived from behaviour alone? We discuss some of the open mechanistic questions which Cognitive Neuroscience may have the power to illuminate, spanning areas including language, numerical cognition, stress, memory, and social influences on learning. These questions have obvious practical and societal significance, but they also bear directly on a set of longstanding questions in basic science: what are the environmental and neural factors which affect the acquisition and retention of declarative and nondeclarative skills? Perhaps the best opportunity for practical and theoretical interests to converge is in the study of interventions. Many interventions aimed at improving the cognitive development of low SES children are currently underway, but almost all are operating without either input from, or study by, the Cognitive Neuroscience community. Given that longitudinal intervention studies are very hard to set up, but can, with proper designs, be ideal tests of causal mechanisms, this area promises exciting opportunities for future research.
INVESTIGATION ON THE MYCODIVERSITY OF FRESH FRUITS OF PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA L., AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT, FROM JAMMU PROVINCE (INDIA).

An investigation of mycoflora was carried out from market samples of fresh fruit of Phyllanthus emblica L. , an important medicinal plant of India. The samples were collected from various wholesale and retail shops as well as orchards of Jammu province. A total of 25 fungal species representing 12 genera were recovered by using surface washing technique. Presence of low pH and sugars and high content of moisture and vitamin C and other nutrients in the fresh fruit of P. emblica were the prominent factors which made it prone to such a large number of mycopathogens. Assessment of mycobial load of P. emblica showed the presence of many such fungal species that are widely acknowledged as the most important mycotoxin producers. Lack of proper knowledge and use of unscientific methods of collection and storage of these fresh fruits of amla leads to their contamination. In view of the detected mycobial contamination, an urgent need for proper collection and storage of amla fruit is ardently required.