Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHLORBARTONITE, K6Fe24S26(Cl,S), A NEW MINERAL SPECIES FROM A HYDROTHERMAL VEIN IN THE KHIBINA MASSIF, KOLA PENINSULA, RUSSIA: DESCRIPTION AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

Chlorbartonite, ideally K 6Fe24S26(Cl,S), is a new potassium iron sulfide chloride found as an accessory mineral in a microcline – pectolite – sodalite – aegirine vein within feldspathic urtite at Mount Koashva, Khibina massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia. The mineral occurs as roundish grains up to 2 cm across included in sodalite and natrolite crystals; it is associated with djerfish erite and rasvumite. Chlorbartonite is weakly magnetic, brittle, and has a conchoidal fracture. Cleavage and parting were not observe d. Macroscopically, the mineral is opaque, brown-black, with a black streak and submetallic luster. In reflected light, it appears optically isotropic, yellowish brown, and without internal reflections; interpolated values of reflectance ( R, %) at the standard wavelengths (nm) are: 10.8 (470), 13.5 (546), 15.1 (589), and 17.2 (650). The hardness VHN 40 is 203–212, average 207 kg/mm 2 ; the Mohs hardness is 4. The density is 3.70 g/cm 3 (measured) and 3.65 g/cm 3 (calculated). The electron-microprobe analysis of six grains gave, as an average composition: S 33.84, Cl 0.99, K 9.62, Fe 54.09, Co 0.04, Cu 0.57, total 99.15 wt. %. The empiric al formula calculated on the basis of a total of 57 atoms is K 6.08(Fe23.93Cu0.22Co0.01)� 24.16S26. 00(Cl0.69S0.07)� 0.76, which yields an ideal formula of K6Fe24S26(Cl,S). The mineral is tetragonal, I4/mmm, a 10.3810(8), c 20.614(2) A, V 2221.5(3) A 3 , Z = 2. The strongest eight lines in the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [ d in A (I)(hkl)] are: 9.25(33)(101), 5.97(65)(112), 3.121(45)(312), 2.986(100)(224), 2.380(38)(332), 2.374(57)(316), 1.834(51)(440), and 1.830(82)(408). The crystal structure has been refined to an R1 of 0.020 (447 unique observed reflections with Fo ≥ 4� Fo). The structure consists of a framework of the Fe 8S14 clusters of eight edge-sharing FeS4 tetrahedra. The framework has large cavities occupied by ClK 6 octahedra. As the name indicates, chlorbartonite is the Cl-dominant analogue of bartonite.
Measurements of thermospheric molecular oxygen from the Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor

[1] We present a new data set of thermospheric O2 density profiles retrieved from solar occultation measurements made by the Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM) instrument on board the UARS satellite. SUSIM is nominally a solar experiment whose mission was to measure the magnitude and variability of the UV solar irradiance. However, it was also capable of remotely sensing the Earth's upper atmosphere using occultation. SUSIM measurements of solar attenuation in the O2 Schumann Runge continuum are used to retrieve O2 density profiles between 110 and 240 km. Between October 1991 and February 2005, SUSIM performed solar occultation measurements up to one day per week, measuring full-disk solar extinction as a function of tangent altitude at three nominal wavelengths (144, 161 and 171 nm). These data have been inverted using an optimal estimation algorithm to produce altitude profiles of O2 density. This unique data set comprises approximately 1550 measurements, which span a wide range of solar and geomagnetic activity and latitudes up to 75° in each hemisphere. We present a discussion of the SUSIM instrument, the measurement technique employed for occultations, and the operational retrieval algorithm. A full error analysis and retrieval characterization study demonstrates that the SUSIM retrievals have uncertainties of 10–15% and a vertical resolution of 5–15 km, depending on altitude and measurement wavelength. The data thus have sufficient accuracy and resolution to provide scientifically useful constraints on the O2 abundance and variability, and initial comparisons show good overall agreement between the NRLMSIS-00 model and the SUSIM measurements.
Seasonal Prevalence of Mosquitoes and Ecological Characteristics of Anopheline Larval Occurrence in Gimpo, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to elucidate the seasonal prevalence of adult mosquitoes and occurrence of anopheline larvaein Gimpo, Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea. Sampling of adult mosquitoes was carried out 18 times from May to September in 2008, using light traps at six sites. A total of 48,919 individuals belonging to 16 species and 8 genera were collected. Aedes vexans nipponi i(43%) was the most frequently collected, followed by Anopheles sinensis (34%) and Culex tritaeniorhynchus (14%). The seasonal prevalenc eof anopheline mosquitoes had a different occurrence compared to that of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus . Anopheline larvae were collected usin ga standard dipper (size = of 350 ml) at eight habitat types of 203 point locations. Anopheline larvae were confirmed from 138 points (63%). The average larval population per dipper was highest in the lotus plantation (6.9 individuals), followed by irrigation c hannel (4.5ind.), dropwort field (3.4 ind.), fallow field (3.1 ind.), paddy field (1.8 ind.), swamp (1.4 ind.), and stream (0.2 ind.). There was no significant relationship observed between larval density and DO, pH, salinity, or distance from blood meal hosts (cowshed, pigsty, chicken-house). In the results of average nearest neighbor analysis (ANNA), the distribution of whole points for mosquito larval collection was clustered, and points with over 4.0 larvae per dipper were randomly distributed. Within the study area Haseong-m yeon,those points where over 3.0 larvae were collected were of a dispersed distribution.Key words: Mosquito, Seasonal prevalence, Larvae density, Average nearest neighbor analysis, Gimpo, Anopheline초 록: 본 연구는 김포시에서 모기성충의 계절적 발생소장과 얼룩날개모기류 유충의 발생을 파악하기 위해서 실시되었다. 성충모기는 6지점에서 유문등을 이용하여, 2008년 5월부터 9월까지 조사되었다. 조사결과 8속 16종 48,919마리가 채집되었다. 금빛숲모기(Aedes vexans nipponii)가 43%로 가장 많았고, 중국얼룩날개모기(Anophels sinensis)가 34%, 작은빨간집모기(Culex tritaeniorhynchus)가 14%로 이 3 우점종이 전체의 91%를 차지했다. 얼룩날개모기류의 계절적 발생소장은 작은빨간집모기와 비교하여 다른 피크를 보였다. 얼룩날개모기류 유충은 203지점 중 138지점(63%)에서 확인되었다. 지점당 정량조사 결과에서 평균유충밀도는 연꽃 재배지가 6.9개체로 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 수로가 4. 5개체, 미나리꽝이 3.4개체, 유수지가 3. 2개체, 휴경논이 3.1개체, 논이 1.8개체, 습지가 1.4개체, 하천이 0.2개체 순이었다. 유충밀도와 용존산소량, 산도, 염분도, 흡밀원(축사, 돈사, 계사) 사이에 유의한 관계성은 없었다. 최근린평균거리분석(ANNA)의 결과에서, 유충 조사지점간 분포패턴은 전체 조사지점간과 4.0개체 이상 확인된 지점간에서 각각 밀집분포와 불규칙분포였다. 하성면에서는 유충이 3.0 개체 이상 확인된 지점간 분산분포를 나타냈다. 검색어: 모기, 계절적 발생소장, 유충 밀도, 최근린평균거리분석, 김포시, 얼룩날개모기*Corresponding author: baeys@incheon.ac. krReceived February 24 2012; Revised July 7 2012Accepted September 2 2012
Chemical soil test prediction of pasture responses to potassium on recent soils of the South Island west coast

Abstract Pasture yield responses to potassium (K) fertiliser were measured at 13 sites which had low levels of exchangeable K but varying amounts of non-exchangeable K. Of soil tests which measured available K (STK), exchangeable K (Kex), and non-exchangeable but plant-available K (TPBK) in the top 7.5 cm of soil, Kex gave the best correlation with relative yield. Further down the profile where exchangeable levels were low but non-exchangeable K levels were very high, only the TPBK test indicated the size of this potential source of K. Information from these soil tests can be used in mathematical models to predict fertiliser requirements for pasture.
Early Pregnancy Loss

Early pregnancy loss is a common clinical scenario for women of reproductive age. Confirmation of pregnancy loss by pelvic ultrasonography using established criteria is crucial to ensure that potentially viable pregnancies are not interrupted. Both medical and surgical management options are effective and safe methods for the management of early pregnancy loss. Management should largely be influenced by patient preference in the hemodynamically stable patient. The purpose of this section is to describe the criteria for the diagnosis of early pregnancy loss, discuss various evidence-based treatment options for early pregnancy loss, and review current recommendations for attempts at future conception. This review contains 4 figures, 5 tables and 41 references Key Words: dilation and curettage, inevitable abortion, miscarriage, missed abortion, misoprostol, nonviable pregnancy, retained products of conception, threatened abortion, ultrasonography criteria
Heterosis, heterobeltiosis and inbreeding depression study in okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)

The experiment comprised the study of heterosis and inbreeding depression using P 1 , P 2 , F 1 , F 2 , B 1 and B 2 generations of four crosses viz . , (Parbhani Kranti X VROR-159, Parbhani Kranti X Kashi Pragati, Kashi Satadhari X VROR-159 and Kashi Satadhari X BO-2) along with two checks i
Experimental constraints on the low gas permeability of vesicular magma during decompression

Change in permeability during vesiculation has been measured for vesiculated products from decompression experiments. The permeabilities of the experimental products are less than 10−15.5 m2 at vesicularity less than 45 vol %, and increase by about 2 orders of magnitude with the vesicularity increase from 45 to 80 vol %. The permeability‐vesicularity relationship of the experimental products is quite different from those obtained for natural eruptive materials by previous measurements, which reported a dramatic increase in permeability from 10−15.5 to 10−13 m2 with vesicularity increase from 2 to 40 vol %. The quenched experimental products can be considered as snapshots in vesiculating magma during decompression. Therefore, the permeability variation in vesiculating magma is close to that obtained from the experiments than that obtained from natural eruptive materials, because the latter has experienced complex deformation in the late stages of eruption.
From the monetary pillar to the monetary and financial analysis

At the beginning of monetary union, the twopillar strategy enabled the ECB Governing Council to look at all information relevant to the monetary policy decisionmaking process in a structured manner. In this context, the “monetary pillar” initially focused on the money supply. However, the deviation of money growth from its reference value played a prominent role only at the start of monetary union. This was due, amongst other things, to the weakening of the relationship between money growth and inflation and to changes in the macroeconomic environment that confronted monetary policy with new challenges.
Clinical and Basic Cardiology

Both diuretics and beta-blockers have been used to treat essential hypertension for more than three decades. Both of these drug classes have an impressive track record with regard to safety that is unparalleled for other drugs. Despite this, no prospective randomised study has shown that beta-blockers, either in monotherapy or when added to diuretic therapy, independently diminish cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Quite to the contrary, our recent meta-analysis in the elderly reported little, if any, benefits of beta-blocker therapy when compared with placebo or other therapy, despite the fact that blood pressure was lowered by beta-blockers. The reason for the inefficacy of beta-blockers may come from their unfavorable effects on systemic haemodynamics and on other pathophysiologic findings in the hypertensive patient, such as arterial stiffness, hypertensive heart disease, kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease. In addition, comorbid conditions often present in the elderly, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, depression, and erectile dysfunction, are relative contraindications to the use of beta-blockers. J Clin Basic Cardiol 2001; 4: 201–204.
CEOs’ Use of Social Media and Earnings Management

Objective: To analyze the relationship between CEOs’ use of LinkedIn to disclose corporate information and the practice of earnings management. Method: A survey was conducted with Brazilian companies integrating the IBrX100. Ordinary Least Squares regressions were performed, and the analysis period corresponded to the length of CEOs’ working in the company. Results: The findings showed a positive relationship between the CEOs’ use of LinkedIn and the practice of earnings management through accruals. However, this relationship was not identified for earnings management through real activities. The sensitivity test indicated that CEOs’ use of LinkedIn is positively related to AEM practices – both to increase and to reduce the profits of the companies addressed here. Contributions: This study identifies that social media can mask management practices to reduce the quality of accounting information, corroborating the opacity hypothesis. This hypothesis predicts that reputable and more powerful CEOs are negatively associated with earnings quality. In addition, it contributes by showing that the corporate use of social media can go beyond the disclosure of information to affect the quality of accounting information.
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy operations with stenting of the carotid arteries: a systematic review

More than ten international randomized trials have been conducted to determine the effectiveness and safety of carotid artery stenting and comparing the latter with the results of carotid endarterectomy. However, some of them obtained conflicting data confirming both the advantage of carotid stenting (SAPPHIRE) and carotid endarterectomy (EVA-3S), as well as the equivalence of the two treatments (CAVATAS, SPACE, CREST). Also, unsatisfactory results of both single-stage and staged surgical approaches were shown in the treatment of patients with combined atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary and carotid arteries. The lack of clear international guidelines for the management of patients with lesions of several vascular beds makes it necessary to look for new methods of surgical treatment based on minimally invasive endovascular technologies. This review article analyzes the results of randomized trials comparing the results of carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting in patients with carotid atherosclerosis.
Spatial and reproductive ecology and population status of the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in the Lake St Lucia estuarine system, South Africa.

The Lake St Lucia estuarine system, Africa’s largest and oldest protected estuary, also contains the largest Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) population in a single waterbody in South Africa. We investigated the species’ spatial and reproductive ecology as well as population status in order to make management recommendations. During the first decade of the 21 century, the St Lucia estuarine lake experienced a prolonged drought, streams ceased flowing and in 2006 more than 90% of the total water area evaporated. We conducted 10 aerial surveys from 2009 2013 and recorded the majority of crocodiles in the Narrows, a ~27 km low salinity channel south of the lake. Above average rainfall at the end of 2010 resulted in the refilling of the lake, and most crocodiles moved north to the lake. We estimated the sub-adult and adult population at 1005 ± 137 individuals. We investigated detailed movements and activity for 18 Nile Crocodiles using GPSsatellite transmitters. The overall activity level was 41.0 %, and it differed significantly throughout the day. There was a significant seasonal effect on activity, peaking during autumn (52.0 %), while crocodiles were most inactive in winter (30.5 %). Crocodile size and mobility were positively correlated with mean daily movement (1244 m). Adults moved more at night, but sub-adults were significantly more mobile during the day. There was a considerable seasonal variation in mobility, with the longest movements during autumn and the shortest in winter. About 60 % of total daily movements were < 1 km per day, but for sub-adults this calculation was 96 %. We recorded complex and varied home range patterns for 14 Nile Crocodiles, resulting from differences in size, sex, reproductive status and habitat. The median home range and core-use area of adults were significantly greater than sub-adults. Three size-
Planetary Wave Response to Surface Forcing and Instability in the Presence of Mean Flow and Topography

The local response of an ocean with slowly varying mean flow, stratification, and topography to two sources of disturbance is examined, concentrating on whether the resulting surface elevations are observable. The first is the ocean response to surface forcing (Ekman pumping or buoyancy forcing). For typical amplitudes of random forcing, while much of the ocean response is small (surface elevations less than 1 mm), there are sufficient near resonances (or pseudoresonances involving a critical layer) to produce elevations of 1 cm or more in much of the ocean. The second source is baroclinic instability. The fastest linear growth rate, as well as those for specific wavelengths, is computed globally. Almost all of the ocean is baroclinically unstable, and the most unstable waves are found to possess a small wavelength (often less than 10 km) with a disturbance concentrated near the surface: e-folding times O(20 days) are frequently found. However, the phase speed for the disturbances is almost everywhere slower westward than free planetary waves with mean flow and topography. Since the free waves propagate at speeds similar to observations, instability may be a good source of variability but is probably not responsible directly for observed wave propagation.
Combining vegetation indices and surface temperature for land-cover mapping at broad spatial scales

Abstract The analysis of multi-temporal AVHRRGAC data over Africa reveals that the integration of thermal information with a vegetation index clearly increases biome discrimination at a continental scale. Multi-temporal series of the ratio between surface temperature and the normalised difference vegetation index have the greatest potential to yield a realistic land-cover classification.
Types of Bullying and Its Causes for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Full-Inclusion Programs: Teachers ‘And Parents’ Opinion

: Students with developmental disabilities are exposed to high rates of bullying compared to typical people and individuals with autism are exposed to even higher rates [7]. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to investigate the types and causes of bullying experienced by students with autism in full-inclusive programs in three cities in Saudi Arabia (Tabuk, Aljof, and Arar). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 parents and educators who met the inclusion criteria. The interviews were analyzed using the " Dedoose" program, leading to the identification of seven themes. The participants reported instances of verbal bullying, including offensive language and threats. Physical bullying, such as hitting, stealing, and property damage, was also mentioned. Additionally, some children experienced sexual bullying through verbal, gestural, or electronic cues. Cyberbullying, including exclusion and the dissemination of videos and images, was found to affect children with autism. Social bullying, characterized by exclusion, isolation, and disgust, was also reported. This study found that bullying is related to disability and lack of awareness. It is important to note that the study focused on three cities in the northern region of Saudi Arabia, and future research may consider other regions to encompass demographic and cultural diversity. The study highlights the need for increased awareness among peers, parents, and teachers regarding bullying, with recommendations for preventive measures and support strategies.
Rendimiento académico y titularidad de centro en España

El sistema educativo espanol se caracteriza por su polarizacion en funcion de la titularidad de los centros. El rendimiento medio de los alumnos escolarizados en centros privados tiende a ser superior y, en tiempos recientes, se ha producido una huida de los hogares de clase media hacia los centros de titularidad privada. En este contexto, se revisan y analizan los principales motivos que justifican la brecha entre los resultados entre centros publicos y privados, con el objetivo de plantear propuestas de reforma para la reduccion de dicha brecha.
Local immunomodulatory gene therapy for Sjögren’s syndrome

OBJECTIVE: Female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice develop spontaneous autoimmune sialadenitis and loss of salivary flow, and are a widely used model of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). We examined the feasibility of local salivary gland immunomodulatory gene delivery to alter these sequelae in NOD mice. METHODS: We constructed recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors encoding either human interleukin-10 (rAAVhIL-10) or β -galactosidase (rAAVLacZ, control vector). Mice received rAAVhIL-10 or rAAVLacZ by retrograde submandibular ductal instillation either at age 8 weeks (early, before onset of sialadenitis), or at 16 weeks (late, after onset of sialadenitis). As a systemic treatment control, separate mice received intramuscular delivery of rAAVhIL-10 at each time point. RESULTS: Both submandibular and intramuscular delivery of vector led to low circulating levels of hIL-10. After submandibular administration of rAAVhIL-10, salivary flow rates at 20 weeks for both the early and late treatment groups were significantly higher than for both rAAVLacZ-administered and untreated mice. Systemic delivery of rAAVhIL-10 led to improved salivary flow in the late treatment group. Inflammatory infiltrates in submandibular glands, however, were significantly reduced only in mice receiving rAAV-hIL-10 locally in the salivary gland compared with mice receiving this vector intramuscularly, rAAVLacZ or no treatment. In addition, after submandibular rAAVhIL-10 delivery, NOD mice exhibited significantly lower blood glucose, and higher serum insulin, levels than all other groups, indicating some systemic benefit of this treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These studies show that expression of hIL-10 by rAAV vectors can have disease-modifying effects in the salivary glands of NOD mice and suggest that lo-cal immunomodulatory