Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of delirium screening in inpatient rehabilitation facility on transfers to acute care hospital and functional outcomes

Introduction: Delirium is well studied in the acute care setting, but there is limited understanding of its impact in the post-acute care setting, particularly in the inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF). Objective: To investigate the prevalence and related outcomes of delirium in the IRF setting, particularly patients’ transfers to acute care hospitals. Design: Retrospective cohort study Setting: A freestanding IRF Participants: Patients discharged from an IRF between January 2016 and December 2016 (12 months) Interventions: Not applicable Main Outcome Measures: Transfer to acute care hospitals, motor and cognitive Functional Independence Measures (FIM), length of stay, discharge disposition Results: A total of 1,567 patients (53.86% female, mean age 72.86 +/− 13.9) were included in the analysis. Positive scores were found among 142 (9.1%) patients on a 3-Minute Diagnostic Interview for Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM), indicating delirium on admission. Fiftynine (3.8%) were un-scorable on 3D-CAM. Twice as many delirium patients were transferred to acute care hospitals compared to non-delirium patients (22.5% versus 10.8%, P<.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that, for patients with 3D-CAM positive scores, there was an This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Financial disclosures: none HHS Public Access Author manuscript PM R. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2021 August 01. Published in final edited form as: PM R. 2020 August ; 12(8): 766–774. doi:10.1002/pmrj.12304. A uhor M anscript
M6A demethylase ALKBH5 selectively promotes tumorigenesis and cancer stem cell self-renewal in acute myeloid leukemia

Chao Shen1,9, Yue Sheng2,9, Allen Zhu3,9, Sean Robinson1,9, Xi Jiang1,4,9, Lei Dong1,9, Huiying Chen1,9, Rui Su1, Zhe Yin1,5, Wei Li1, Xiaolan Deng1, Yinhuai Chen6, Yueh-Chiang Hu6, Hengyou Weng1, Huilin Huang1, Emily Prince1, Christopher R Cogle2, Miao Sun7, Bin Zhang8, Chun-Wei Chen1, Guido Marcucci8, Chuan He3,*, Zhijian Qian2,*, Jianjun Chen1,10,* 1Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA;
Keynote Lecture MiRNAs and Cancer

Cancer is the result of a complex multistep process that involves the accumulation of sequential alterations of several genes, including those encoding microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are a class of 17to 27-nucleotide single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally. A large body of evidence implicates aberrant miRNA expression patterns in most, if not all , human malignancies. This article reviews our current knowledge about miRNAs, focusing on their involvement in cancer and their potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools. (Am J Pathol 2009, 174:1131–1138; DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080794)
Activation Pathways of Synovial T Lymphocytes

Accumulating evidence implicates a central role for synovial T cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, but the activation pathways that drive proliferation and effector function of these cells are not known. We have recently generated a novel monoclonal antibody against a rheumatoid synovial T cell line that recognizes an antigen termed UM4D4 (CDw6O). This antigen is expressed on a minority of peripheral blood T cells, and represents the surface component of a distinct pathway of human T cell activation. The current studies were performed to examine the expression and function of UM4D4 on T cells obtained from synovial fluid and synovial membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory joint disease. The UM4D4 antigen is expressed at high surface density on about three-fourths of synovial fluid T cells and on a small subset of synovial fluid natural killer cells; in synovial tissue it is present on more than 90% of T cells in lymphoid aggregates, and on 50% ofT cells in stromal infiltrates. In addition, UM4D4 is expressed in synovial tissue on a previously undescribed population of HLA-DR/DP-negative non-T cells with a dendritic morphology. Anti-UM4D4 was co-mitogenic for both RA and non-RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells, and induced IL-2 receptor expression. The UM4D4/CDw6O antigen may represent a functional activation pathway for synovial compartment T cells, which could play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis. (J. Clin. Invest. 1990. 86:1124-1136.)
CANCER & PALLIATIVE CARE SECTION Persistent and Chronic Postoperative Opioid Use in a Cohort of Patients with Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background. Recently, the concept of persistent postsurgical opioid use has been described for patients undergoing cancer surgery. Our hypothesis was based on the premise that patients with oral tongue cancer require high dosages of opioids before, during, and after surgery, and thus a large percentage of patients might develop persistent postsurgical opioid use. Methods. After institutional review board approval, we conducted a retrospective study that included a cohort of patients with oral tongue cancers who underwent curative-intent surgery in our institution. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit to study the association of the characteristics of several patients with persistent (six months after surgery) and chronic (12 months after surgery) postoperative opioid use. Results. A total of 362 patients with oral tongue malignancies were included in the study. The rate of persistent use of opioids after surgery was 31%. Multivariate analysis showed that patients taking opioids before surgery and those receiving adjuvant therapy were 2.9 and 1.78 times more likely to use opioids six months after surgery. Fifteen percent of the patients were taking opioids 12 months after surgery. After adjusting for clinically relevant covariates, patients complaining of moderate tongue pain before surgery and those taking opioids preoperatively had at least three times higher risk of still using these analgesics one year after surgery. Conclusions. Patients with oral tongue cancers have a high risk of developing persistent and chronic postsurgical opioid use.
Role of GnRH receptor mutations in patients with a wide spectrum of pubertal delay

Objective—To analyze the GNRHR in patients with normosmic isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) and constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP). Design—Molecular analysis and in vitro experiments correlated with phenotype. Setting—Academic medical center. Patient(s)—110 individuals with normosmic IHH (74 males) and 50 with CGDP. Intervention(s)—GNRHR coding region was amplified and sequenced. Main Outcome Measure(s)—Novel variants were submitted to in vitro analysis. Frequency of mutations and genotype-phenotype correlation were analyzed. Microsatellite markers flanking © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved Address all correspondence to: Leticia F. G. Silveira. Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 155, 2° andar, Bloco 6. CEP 05403-900, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. Phone: 55 11 2661 7512, Fax: 55 11 2661 7519. leticia.silveira@hc.fm. usp.br. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Authors have no conflict of interest NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Fertil Steril. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 September 01. Published in final edited form as: Fertil Steril. 2014 September ; 102(3): 838–846.e2. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert. 2014.05. 044. N IH -P A A uhor M anscript N IH -P A A uhor M anscript N IH -P A A uhor M anscript GNRHR were examined in patients carrying the same mutation to investigate a possible founder effect. Result(s)—Eleven IHH patients (10%) carried biallelic GNRHR mutations. In vitro analysis of novel variants (p.Y283H and p.V134G) demonstrated complete inactivation. The founder effect study revealed that Brazilian patients carrying the p.R139H mutation shared the same haplotype. Phenotypic spectrum in patients with GNRHR mutations varied from complete GnRH deficiency to partial and reversible IHH, with a relatively good genotype-phenotype correlation. One boy with CDGP was heterozygous for the p.Q106R variant, which was not considered pathogenic. Conclusion(s)—GNRHR mutations are a frequent cause of congenital normosmic IHH and should be the first candidate gene for genetic screening in this condition, especially in autosomal recessive familial cases. The founder effect study suggested that the p.R139H mutation arises from a common ancestor in the Brazilian population. Finally, mutations in GNRHR do not appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of CDGP.
Low Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against A(H3N2)- Associated Hospitalizations in 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 of the Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN)

Received 20 July 2020; editorial decision 21 October 2020; accepted 30 October 2020; published online November 3, 2020. H. K. T. and J. F contributed equally to this manuscript. Correspondence: Emily T. Martin, MPH, PhD, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (etmartin@umich.edu). The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2021;223:2062–71 © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa685 Low Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against A(H3N2)Associated Hospitalizations in 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 of the Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN)
Human H 5 N 2 bird flu infection : fact or fallacy ?

*Corresponding author: Beuy Joob, Sanitation 1 Medical Academic Center, Bangkok Thailand. E-mail: beuyjoob@hotmail.com Article history: Received 10 Jan 2014 Received in revised form 15 Jan, 2nd revised form 16 Jan, 3rd revised form 20 Jan 2014 Accepted 16 Feb 2014 Available online 28 Mar 2014 To the editor, Several emerging of the new bird flu infections within the past few years lead a great concern to the medical society. The greatest consideration at present is on H7N9 bird flu[1]. There are also other human bird flu to be concerned including H1N1 and H7N7 bird flu. However, there is an interesting bird flu, H5N2, that should be discussed for its infection in human beings. H5N2 influenza virus is a well-known virus that can cause infection in avian. This virus can cause outbreak in avian and can also be isolated from asymptomatic avian[2]. The human H5N2 bird flu is a controversial issue. Whether the H5N2 bird flu virus can cause the disease in human being or not requires further extensive study. The first report on the observation of H5N2 bird flu in human beings is from Japan. In 2005, a large H5N2 avian influenza outbreak among chicken occurred in Ibaraki, Japan[3]. After this outbreak, there are some reports on the possibility of human H5N2 influenza virus infection. The seropositivity of the workers working in the farms that H5N2 outbreak in avian was reported[4]. Yamazaki et al. performed a serological survey of avian H5N2-subtype influenza virus infections among poultry workers and found that seropositivity was significantly associated with age[4]. A similar observation was also reported by Ogata et al[5]. Nevertheless, there was no influenza symptom among the seropositive case[4,5]. Yamazaki et al. noted that this might be the first evidence of human infection[4]. However, Ogata et al. raised an important concern that “a history of seasonal influenza vaccination might be associated with H5N2neutralizing antibody positivity”[5]. Also, Yamazaki et al. found that administration of oseltamivir might also affect the result of immunological test[6]. After that, there are some reports on the seropositivity in human beings and possible relations to some clinical features such as conjunctivitis[7,8]. The most recent report was from Nigeria in 2013[7]. Okoye et al. reported the seropositivity among both animal-exposed and non animal-exposed subjects and proposed for “occasional virus transmission to humans”[7]. However, there are still no confirmation when a systemic epidemiology investigation is applied[8]. Nevertheless, the cross species infection from avian to mammal of H5N2 virus has already been confirmed in pigs and the possibility for further genetic reassortment to cause new H5N2 virus that might be highly virulent to human beings is also proposed[9]. It is no doubt that the special concern and appropriate surveillance on the possible emerging human H5N2 bird flu is needed.
Study of RRR-a-Tocopherol in Healthy Adults Suggests Lower Intake Requirements than Previous Estimates

Kineticmodels enable nutrient needs and kinetic behaviors to be quantified and providemechanistic insights intometabolism. Therefore, we modeled and quantified the kinetics, bioavailability, and metabolism of RRR-a-tocopherol in 12 healthy adults. Sixmen and 6women, aged 276 6 y, each ingested 1.81 nmol of [5CH3]-(2R, 4#R, 8#R)-a-tocopherol; each dose had 3.70 kBq of C. Complete collections of urine and feces were made over the first 21 d from dosing. Serial blood samples were drawn over the first 70 d from dosing. All specimens were analyzed for RRR-a-tocopherol. Specimens were also analyzed for C using accelerator MS. From these data, we modeled and quantified the kinetics of RRR-a-tocopherol in vivo in humans. The model had 11 compartments, 3 delay compartments, and reservoirs for urine and feces. Bioavailability of RRRa-tocopherol was 81 6 1%. The model estimated residence time and half-life of the slowest turning-over compartment of a-tocopherol (adipose tissue) at 499 6 702 d and 184 6 48 d, respectively. The total body store of RRR-a-tocopherol was 25,900 6 6=220 mmol (11 6 3 g) and we calculated the adipose tissue level to be 1.53 mmol/g (657 mg/g). We found that a daily intake of 9.2mmol (4mg) of RRR-a-tocopherolmaintained plasmaRRR-a-tocopherol concentrations at 23mmol/L. These findings suggest that the dietary requirement for vitamin E may be less than that currently recommended and these results will be important for future updates of intake recommendations. J. Nutr. 142: 2105–2111, 2012.
Synchronization of Stochastic Ca 2 D Release Units Creates a Rhythmic Ca 2 D Clock in Cardiac Pacemaker Cells

In sinoatrial node cells of the heart, beating rate is controlled, in part, by local Ca 2 þ releases (LCRs) from the sarco-plasmicreticulum,whichcoupletotheactionpotentialviaelectrogenicNa þ /Ca 2 þ exchange.Weobservedpersisting,roughlyperi-odic LCRs in depolarized rabbit sinoatrial node cells (SANCs). The features of these LCRs were reproduced by a numerical model consisting of a two-dimensional array of stochastic, diffusively coupled Ca 2 þ release units (CRUs) with ﬁxed refractory period. Because previous experimental studies showed that b -adrenergic receptor stimulation increases the rate of Ca 2 þ release through each CRU (dubbed I spark ), we explored the link between LCRs and I spark in our model. Increasing the CRU release current I spark facilitated Ca 2 þ -induced-Ca 2 þ release and local recruitment of neighboring CRUs to ﬁre more synchronously. This resulted in a progression in simulated LCR size (from sparks to wavelets to global waves), LCR rhythmicity, and decrease of LCR period that parallels the changes observed experimentally with b -adrenergic receptor stimulation. The transition in LCR characteristics was steeply nonlinear over a narrow range of I spark , resembling a phase transition. We conclude that the (partial) periodicity and rate regulation of the ‘‘Calcium clock’’ in SANCs are emergent properties of the diffusive coupling of an ensemble of interacting stochastic CRUs. The variation in LCR period and size with I spark is sufﬁcient to account for b -adrenergic regulation of SANC beating rate.
Role of CD28, CTLA4 and ICOS costimulation in Acute Graft- versus-Host Disease in Mice

T cells deficient for CD28 have reduced ability to expand and survive, but still cause graft-versushost disease (GVHD). Inducible costimulator (ICOS), the third member of the CD28 family, is expressed on antigen-activated T cells and has unique roles in T-cell activation and effector function. We hypothesized that ICOS contributes to the development of GVHD in the absence of B7:CD28/CTLA4 costimulation. In this study, we evaluated the roles of CD28, CTLA4 and ICOS in the pathogenesis of acute GVHD under myeloablative allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Unexpectedly, we found that blocking CD28 and CTLA4 signals using the clinically relevant reagent, CTLA4-Ig, results in the enhancement of GVHD severity mediated by CD4+ T cells, and such treatment does not add any benefit to blockade of ICOS. In contrast, selectively blocking CD28 and ICOS but not CTLA4 prevents GVHD more effectively than blocking either CD28 or ICOS alone. Taken together, these results indicate that CD28 and ICOS are synergistic in promoting GVHD, whereas the CTLA4-signal is required for T-cell tolerance regardless of ICOS signaling. Thus, blocking CD28 and ICOS while sparing CTLA4 represents a promising approach for abrogating pathogenic T-cell responses after allogeneic BMT.
Associations between vitamin D levels and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes

Background: Studies comparing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in women with and without PCOS have produced inconsistent results. Additionally, no previous studies have evaluated associations between vitamin D and specific PCOS phenotypes. Methods: This case-control study was conducted among women undergoing intrauterine insemination. Cases (n=137) were diagnosed with PCOS and then further classified into 3 diagnostic phenotypes based on combinations of the Rotterdam criteria [ovulatory dysfunction +polycystic ovaries (n=55); ovulatory dysfunction +androgen excess (n=15); and ovulatory dysfunction, +polycystic ovaries, +androgen excess (n=67)]. Controls (n=103) were ovulatory women without PCOS who were undergoing IUI. Serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were categorized as deficient (≤20 ng/ml), insufficient (21–29 ng/ml), and sufficient (≥30 ng/ml). Prevalence odds ratios (PORs) were calculated using logistic regression. Results: A higher proportion (59.9%) of PCOS cases lacked sufficient vitamin D levels compared to controls (47.6%; p-value=0.06). The odds of vitamin D deficiency in all PCOS cases were twice that of controls (POR=2.03, 95% CI 0.97–4.26); however, the association was attenuated after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) association decreased after adjustment for BMI and race/ethnicity ( adj POR=2.03, 95% CI: 0.79, 5.19). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency occurred more frequently in PCOS cases with androgen excess, but associations were attenuated after adjusting for BMI and race/ethnicity. Combining etiologically distinct PCOS subgroups may obscure associations with lower vitamin D levels and other potential risk factors.
Effect of Mixed Mineral-Enriched Essential Oils Supplementation on Milk Production and Feed Efficiency of Lactating Dairy Cows

Corresponding Author: Ali Agus Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Email: aliagus@ugm.ac. id Abstract: This study aimed to determine milk production and efficiency of feed utilization of a mixed mineral-enriched essential oils supplementation of lactating dairy cows. Forty-eight Holstein-Friesian cows with a 3.45±0.58 body condition score and 187.08±21.53 days in milk were randomly allocated to two dietary treatments for 46 days. Treatments consisted of no supplementation (CON) or supplementation (AGB) of 0.5% of Agromix Booster® in the Total Mix Ration (TMR). All cows were given the same TMR twice a day (the only difference was the presence or absence of Agromix Booster®). Daily monitoring of milk production, composition, and dry matter intake of cows was calculated and feed efficiency was determined. Compared with CON, cows fed AGB showed an increase in milk yield (P<0.05). However, no significant effects were detected on milk fat content and yield, protein content and yield, lactose content and yield, solid non-fat content, and total solids content (P>0.05). Furthermore, AGB supplementation increased solids non-fat and total solids yield (P<0.05). Dry matter intake and feed efficiency were not affected for dairy cows receiving AGB supplementation (P>0.05). The supplementation of mixed mineralenriched essential oils (Agromix Booster®) at 0.5% of feed ration could improve milk yield but did not affect milk component content and feed efficiency of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows.
PULMONARY, SLEEP, AND CRITICAL CARE UPDATE Update in Interstitial Lung Disease 2019

Update in Interstitial Lung Disease 2019 Sydney B. Montesi, Jolene H. Fisher, Fernando J. Martinez*, Moisés Selman, Annie Pardo, and Kerri A. Johannson Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosı́o Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; and Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
SKINNED SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS

Previous studies on skinned muscle fibers have demonstrated a direct effect of elevated levels of H+ ion to depress force production; however, the molecular basis for this effect is presently unknown. Here, whole troponin complexes were removed from skinned single fiber preparations of rat slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscles, and the effect of H+ ions on the resultant Ca2"-insensitive force was examined. The effect of H+ iorns to depress force was found to be virtually identical in untreated control fibers activated in the presence of Ca2` and in fibers activated in the absence of Ca2" by troponin removal. Thus, the effect of H+ ions to depress force occurs at a step in activation beyond the disinhibition of the thin filament by Ca2+, probably involving reductions in the number of attached cross-bridges or in the force per attachment.
Gender, competition, and performance: Evidence from chess players

This paper studies gender differences in performance in a male‐dominated competitive environment chess tournaments. We find that the gender composition of chess games affects the behaviors of both men and women in ways that worsen the outcomes for women. Using a unique measure of within‐game quality of play, we show that women make more mistakes when playing against men. Men, however, play equally well against male and female opponents. We also find that men persist longer before losing to women. Our results shed some light on the behavioral changes that lead to differential outcomes when the gender composition of competitions varies.