Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Acne Vulgaris and Vitiligo on Quality of Life and Self-Esteem in the Patient Population of Madinah, Saudi Arabia

Background: Acne vulgaris and vitiligo are skin disorders that can have a negative impact on a person's self-esteem and quality of life (QoL). The purpose of this study is to look into the impact of acne and vitiligo on the self-esteem and QoL of the patient population in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 171 Saudi adults (141 individuals with acne vulgaris (9.4%) and 30 with vitiligo (1.5%) between the ages of 16 and 35 was conducted in Madinah. A self-reported questionnaire with four domains was used: socio-demographic data, lifestyle and coexisting pathologic factors or diseases, Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, and the dermatology life quality index (DLQI). Results: Acne patients had a mean total score of 20.3 on the self-esteem scale, with 5% (n = 7) having low self-esteem, 48.2% (n = 68) having medium self-esteem, and 46.8% (n = 66) having high self-esteem. Females had higher self-esteem (75.29) than males (56.95). The mean DLQI score for acne patients was 5.4, with 30.5% (n = 47) unaffected, 29.1% (n = 45) mildly affected, 23.4% (n = 35) moderately affected, 5.6% (n = 10) severely affected, and 1.4% (n = 4) severely affected. Vitiligo patients had a mean self-esteem scale score of 13.7, with 63.3% (n = 19) having low self-esteem, 30% (n = 9) having medium self-esteem, and 6.7% (n = 2) having high self-esteem. The mean DLQI was 15.2, with 6.7% (n = 2) reporting that vitiligo had no effect on their lives, 10% (n = 3) reporting a moderate effect, 66.7% (n = 20) reporting a severe effect, and 16.7% (n = 5) reporting a very severe effect. Conclusions: Our research confirms that acne vulgaris and vitiligo have a negative impact on self-esteem and quality of life. Along with medical treatment, effective treatment and psychological improvement of the patient should be prioritized.
Highly Sensitive Photodetector Based on Transfer-Free 3-D Graphene on SiO2

Graphene has exceptional optoelectronic and photonic capabilities for diverse applications in solar cells, ultrafast lasers, touch screens, and photodetectors. Here, we report a graphene photodetector synthesized directly on silicon oxide/silicon (SiO2/Si) substrates using the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique. The as-grown flake-like 3-D graphene has increased surface area with numerous edge defects originating from flake edges. Additionally, the light absorption in the heavily p-doped SiO2/Si substrate generates an additional photovoltage that effectively modulates the conductance of graphene, leading to high responsivity of ~114.64 A/W at a drain voltage of 15 V over a large bandwidth from visible to the near-infrared (IR) region with response and recovery time of ~7 ms. In particular, the graphene photodetector achieves an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21702.23% and detectivity of $1.24\times1011$ Jones at a drain voltage of 15 V. This transfer-free and scalable method can lead to low-cost and highly efficient photodetectors.
High-resolution spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial ecosystem carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide fluxes in the tundra

Abstract. Arctic terrestrial greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) play an important role in the global GHG budget. However, these GHG fluxes are rarely studied simultaneously, and our understanding of the conditions controlling them across spatial gradients is limited. Here, we explore the magnitudes and drivers of GHG fluxes across fine-scale terrestrial gradients during the peak growing season (July) in sub-Arctic Finland. We measured chamber-derived GHG fluxes and soil temperature, soil moisture, soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks, soil pH, soil carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, soil dissolved organic carbon content, vascular plant biomass, and vegetation type from 101 plots scattered across a heterogeneous tundra landscape (5 km2). We used these field data together with high-resolution remote sensing data to develop machine learning models for predicting (i.e., upscaling) daytime GHG fluxes across the landscape at 2 m resolution. Our results show that this region was on average a daytime net GHG sink during the growing season. Although our results suggest that this sink was driven by CO2 uptake, it also revealed small but widespread CH4 uptake in upland vegetation types, almost surpassing the high wetland CH4 emissions at the landscape scale. Average N2O fluxes were negligible. CO2 fluxes were controlled primarily by annual average soil temperature and biomass (both increase net sink) and vegetation type, CH4 fluxes by soil moisture (increases net emissions) and vegetation type, and N2O fluxes by soil C/N (lower C/N increases net source). These results demonstrate the potential of high spatial resolution modeling of GHG fluxes in the Arctic. They also reveal the dominant role of CO2 fluxes across the tundra landscape but suggest that CH4 uptake in dry upland soils might play a significant role in the regional GHG budget.
Middle miocene mesotheriine diversity at Cerdas, Bolivia and a reconsideration of Plesiotypotherium minus

We describe a large collection of mesotheriid notoungulate specimens, including a well-preserved cranium, from the early to middle Miocene locality of Cerdas, Bolivia. We attempt to classify the specimens into dental wear groups (i.e., ontogenetic groups) based on tooth size, morphology, and position of the posterior mental foramen, and we compare these specimens to those from other middle-latitude localities in Chile (Chucal) and Bolivia (Achiri, Choquecota, Quebrada Honda, and Nazareno). Our metric analyses, using bivariate plots and coefficients of variation (CVs), indicate that nearly all Cerdas specimens pertain to a single species. Our phylogenetic analysis indicates that this species, 'Plesiotypotherium' minus Villarroel 1978, should be referred to a different genus, more closely related to Altitypotherium Croft et al. 2004 (Chucal) and/or Microtypotherium Villarroel 1974b (Choquecota). We do not refer ‘P.’ minus to a new genus at this time, pending revision of other early to middle Miocene mesotheriids from Bolivia. A smaller species, represented by two specimens, may also be present at Cerdas. Beth Townsend. Department of Anatomy, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, 85308, USA. btowns@midwestern.edu Darin A. Croft. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA. dcroft@case.edu
The Snowmelt-Runoff Model (SRM) user's manual

A manual to provide a means by which a user may apply the snowmelt runoff model (SRM) unaided is presented. Model structure, conditions of application, and data requirements, including remote sensing, are described. Guidance is given for determining various model variables and parameters. Possible sources of error are discussed and conversion of snowmelt runoff model (SRM) from the simulation mode to the operational forecasting mode is explained. A computer program is presented for running SRM is easily adaptable to most systems used by water resources agencies.
Spatial-Frequency Multi-Scale Transformer for Deblurring and Shape-Preserving Reconstruction in Magnetic Particle Imaging

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel and emerging functional imaging technique that visualizes the spatial distribution of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). While the X-space method considers some important physical properties of MPI systems, it also neglects some phenomena, such as signals generated by MNPs outside (but close-to) the field-free region. Therefore, the X-space approach often results in blurring artifacts and incomplete edge information in native MPI images. In this study, we propose a spatial-frequency multi-scale transformer (SFM-Transformer) to address this limitation by restoring both the spatial and frequency domain features of the native image. SFM-Transformer comprises three modules: the spatial and frequency feature extractor module (SFFE), the spatial and frequency fusion module (SFF), and the multi-scale fusion module (MSF). By incorporating cross-feature space dependencies and capturing long-range details in spatial and frequency domains, our network captures pixel-level features and implicit physical properties features of native images. Furthermore, the SFM-Transformer utilizes a multi-scale strategy at the backbone to further improve performance. To facilitate comprehensive research, we construct a diverse dataset containing both simulated and experimental datasets. To validate the effectiveness of our method, we conduct extensive experiments in simulated and experimental data. The experimental results demonstrate that our method eliminates the blurring artifacts and recovers the edge shape of MPI images. This suggests that our approach has great potential for improving the accuracy and reliability of MPI for future applications.
Plastic scintillator dosimetry of ultrahigh dose-rate 200 MeV electrons at CLEAR

Very high energy electron (VHEE) beams with energies greater than 100 MeV may be promising candidates for FLASH radiotherapy due to their favourable dose distributions and accessibility of ultrahigh dose-rates (UHDR). Combining VHEE with the normal tissue-sparing FLASH eﬀect of UHDR radiotherapy could improve patient outcomes. The standard dosimeters used for conventional radiotherapy, including ionization chambers and ﬁlm, have limited application to UHDR radiotherapy due to deﬁcits in dose rate independence and temporal resolution. Plastic scintillator detectors (PSDs) are a potential alternative. PSDs connected to a Medscint Hyperscint RP-100 were used to measure the response to 200 MeV electrons produced by the CERN Linear Electron Accelerator for Research (CLEAR). The dose-response linearity and radiation hardness of PSDs under UHDR VHEE conditions was investigated, using dose rates up to 1.21 × 10 9 Gy/s. Two scintillators were investigated: a polystyrene-based BCF-12 and a proprietary polyvinyltoluene (PVT)-based material. The BCF-12 probe exhibited linear light output with dose per train from 4.9 to 125.2 Gy, and dose rates up to 1.16 × 10 9 Gy/s within a single pulse. The output of the PVT-based probe was linear from 3.9 to 59.5 Gy per train, and dose rates up to 9.92 × 10 8 Gy/s. While output linearity was retained (R 2 > 0.998) after delivering 26.2 and 13.8 kGy to the BCF-12 and PVT-based probe, respectively, the light output was reduced by < 1.5%/kGy. The performance of PSDs in this work suggest they may be useful real-time dosimeters for applications in UHDR VHEE radiotherapy.
Determined to be resilient: Analysis of the well-being of people with disabilities (People of determination) in Abu Dhabi during the COVID-19 pandemic

This study examines whether people with disabilities report different COVID-19-related challenges and adverse impacts on their psychological well-being compared to people without disabilities. During the pandemic, most people, including those with disabilities, faced strict rules of movement restriction and isolation that might have resulted in certain psychological feelings, challenges, and social reactions. Data were gathered through the 3rd cycle of the Abu Dhabi Quality of Life Survey conducted in 2021, which included 1,954 respondents who categorized themselves as having some disabilities. Through descriptive analysis, t-tests, and analysis of variance, this study indicated a significantly higher level of fear, loneliness, and stress among people with disabilities during the pandemic. There were also significant findings related to the impact of new technologies on the quality of life of people with disabilities. For all psychological wellbeing concerns, challenges, and reactions, significant differences were observed regarding gender, marital status, education attainment, nationality, and age of people with disabilities, but not to a large extent. The findings were discussed in light of international and regional literature and provided a resource for social policymakers to identify gaps in disability services. Finally, policy recommendations and future research directions were summarized and discussed, while the limitations of this study were acknowledged.
Modeling of the Gate Bias-Dependent Velocity–Field Relationship and Physics-Based Current-Voltage Characteristics in AlGaN/GaN HFETs

In this paper, a gate bias-dependent velocity-field relationship model and a physics-based analytical model of current-voltage characteristics in AlGaN/GaN HFETs are developed. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, the experimental phenomenon that the channel electron velocity varies with the gate voltage is successfully reproduced. A modified gate bias-dependent velocity-field relationship model is established to obtain the velocity-field relationship of our fabricated AlGaN/GaN HFETs considering Polarization Coulomb Field (PCF) Scattering. This new velocity-field model can accurately describe the experimental phenomenon of velocity modulation by various gate biases and effectively reduce the fitting parameters. The parameters of the velocity-field model are incorporated into the compact model. The method cleverly maintains the direct relation between the velocity-field model parameters and AlGaN/GaN HFETs. All parameters have a specific physical meaning in our compact model and parasitic resistance factors and channel modulation effects are also incorporated. We validate the model with experimental data for AlGaN/GaN HFETs with gate lengths of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.2~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.35~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively, and obtain good agreement.
Multiplication of Phalsa (Grewia asetica L.) Cv. Dwarf Type through Hardwood Stem Cutting Under Srinagar Garhwal Himalayas

Phalsa (Grewia asiatica L.) belongs to genus Grewia and family Tiliaceae, is a native to south Asia from India. Phalsa is a small bushy in nature and preferred as an ideal crop for growing in arid and hot regions. It can be grown successfully on the slop of hills. Phalsa is a very popular fruit in our country and is commercially grown particularly in states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Maharastra. The genus Grewia comprises approximately 150 species of shrubs and small trees, and is the only genus in the family that yields edible fruits. The phalsa fruits are good source of vitamin ‘C’ and ‘A’. Ripe fruits of phalsa are consumed fresh, as desserts, or processed into refreshing fruit enjoyed in India during hot summer months. The leaves are believed to have antibiotic properties hence, applied on skin eruptions and they are known to have antibiotic action.
The transcription factor Zt107320 affects the dimorphic switch, growth and virulence of the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

Zymoseptoria tritici is a filamentous fungus causing Septoria tritici blotch in wheat. The pathogen has a narrow host range and infections of grasses other than susceptible wheat are blocked early after stomatal penetration. During these abortive infections the fungus shows a markedly different expression pattern. However, the underlying mechanisms causing differential gene expression during host and non-host interaction are largely unknown, but likely include transcriptional regulators responsible for the onset of an infection program in compatible hosts. In the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, MoCOD1, a member of the fungal Zn(II)2Cys6 transcription factor family, has been shown to directly affect pathogenicity. Here, we analyse the role of the putative transcription factor Zt107320, a homolog of MoCOD1, during infection of compatible and incompatible hosts by Z. tritici. We show for the first time that Zt107320 is differentially expressed in host versus non-host infections and that lower expression corresponds to an incompatible infection of non-hosts. Applying reverse genetics approaches we further show that Zt107320 regulates the dimorphic switch as well as the growth rate of Z. tritici and affects fungal cell wall composition in vitro. Moreover, ΔZt107320 mutants showed reduced virulence during compatible infections of wheat. We conclude that Zt107320 directly influences pathogen fitness and propose that Zt107320 regulates growth processes and pathogenicity during infection. Our results suggest that this putative transcription factor is involved in discriminating compatible and non-compatible infections.
Attitude and preventive practices towards COVID-19 disease and the impact of awareness training on knowledge of the disease among correctional officers

COVID-19 disease remains a public health emergency of international concern. Efforts at the global and national levels are being made to control its spread. The Nigerian Correctional Service is also proactive in the fight against the disease by organizing COVID-19 awareness training for correctional officers. We conducted a pre- and post-test assessment of COVID-19 knowledge among correctional officers in Enugu State Command to determine the impact of awareness training on their knowledge level. The study also assessed correctional officers’ attitude and preventive practices towards the disease.The mean knowledge score was 19.34 out of 25, and the awareness training significantly improved the participants’ COVID-19 knowledge. We found a significant moderate, positive correlation between knowledge and attitude/practice, and a significantly higher knowledge level among those with higher educational qualifications.The majority of the respondents (87.9%) believed that there were confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria, whereas 85.1%, 78.7%, and 75.9% believed that there were cases in other parts of the world, the world will win the battle against COVID-19, and that there will be successful control of the disease, respectively. Regular hand washing with soap and water was practiced by 87.9% of the participants, whereas 84.4%, 83%, and 58.9%, wore face masks in public places, practiced social distancing, and avoided crowded places, respectively. Obtaining information from multiple sources was the commonest (53.2%), and this was followed by the Nigeria Center for Disease Control (26.2%).
Financial stability, innovation and green development

Eco-efficiency is a biggest universal challenge and one-fourth CO₂ emission produce by World Transport sector. The main objective to examines the effect of External finance and Transport Power Diversity on Eco-efficiency and identify best finance and transport eco-power source. This study used two ways of data analysis; first, past and future trend analysis, and second, Regression, GMM and Robust measurement; first, External finance Trend of four countries, Japan has least dependent country, china only face dependency in FDI, while Pakistan major dependency on Remittances and ODA-Foreign-Aid. Fuel Consumption Trend; Japan Eco-efficiency policy is better than other three countries. Second; Regression and GMM results indicates external finance i.e. FDI, Remittances, ODA and Transport Power Source i.e. Oil and Electric 1% high significant impact on eco-efficiency, SDGs, GDP highly significant inverse, health negative and Per-Capita GDP, Government Consumption positive relationships exist with Eco-efficiency and robust test validate the results. Study suggested external finance modern finance source for technology enhancement and economy. Transport Cargo-system need to be design according eco-friendly.
PANJANG, BOBOT, DAN NISBAH KELAMIN CUCUT LANJAM DARI GENUS CARCHARHINUS DAN CUCUT SELENDANG, Prionace glauca (FAMILI GARCHARHINIDAE) YANG DI DARATKAN DARI PERAIRAN SAMUDERA HINDIA SELATAN JAWA, BALI, DAN NUSA TENGGARA

Genus Carcharhinus dan Pionace glauca dari famili Carcharhinidae merupakan jenis cucut yang dominan didaratkan di PPI Palabuhanratu, Cilacap, Kedonganan dan Tanjung Luar. Pengamatan dan analisis dilakukan terhadap beberapa aspek biologi yang meliputi ukuran (panjang dan bobot) badan, hubuhgan panjang dan bobot serta nisbah kelamin pada lima spesies dari genus Carcharhinus dan Pionaea glauca.
Exploring Management Research Landscape in Indonesia

Management research is critical to the advancement of management studies and practice in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to explore the landscape of management research in Indonesia. This study uses a bibliometric approach with data collected from the international academic database. In our analysis, among others, we refer to the classical categorization of business functions and macro clusters or special interest groups from leading management associations. The study results show that the management research landscape in Indonesia can be grouped into six categories, namely ‘operations management’, ‘financial management, ‘marketing management’, ‘human resource management, ‘strategy and entre- preneurship’, and ‘performance and governance’. This is the first study that explores the management research landscape in the Indonesian context.
Nutrition knowledge, weight loss practices, and supplement use in senior competition climbers

Introduction Sport climbing has gained increased scientific attention, including studies investigating the dietary habits and nutritional requirements of climbers; however, significant gaps in the literature remain. An assessment of nutritional knowledge, weight loss for competition, and supplement use has not been previously reported in senior competition climbing athletes. Methods Fifty climbers (26 male, 24 female; BMI 21.6 ± 1.9; 23.7 ± 5.2 years) participated in the study. Participants answered a 72-item questionnaire, comprised of demographic data and three main sections to assess general and sports nutrition knowledge, weight loss strategies, and supplement use. Results The mean nutrition knowledge score was ‘average’, with considerable individual variation (53.5 ± 11.1 %). There were no significant sex differences in the general (GNK) or sport (SNK) nutrition knowledge scores, or effect of age. Significantly higher knowledge was demonstrated by national vs. international athletes for the GNK scores (11.09 ± 1.58 vs. 9.58 ± 1.75; p = 0.028). Participants scored well in questions concerning protein, carbohydrates, alcohol, and supplements, and conversely, performed poorly in hydration and micronutrient related questions. Less than one-fifth of respondents had access to a dietitian. Forty-six percent of males and 38% of female climbers reported intentional weight loss for competition on at least one occasion. Of those, ~76% reported utilizing concerning practices, including methods that conform with disordered eating and/or eating disorders, dehydration, vomiting, and misuse of laxatives. Approximately 65% of athletes reported using at least one nutritional supplement in the previous 6 months, with 44% reporting multiple supplement use. There was no significant difference in supplement use between sexes or competition level. Discussion Due to the established importance of nutritional intake on athlete health and performance, educational support should be employed to improve knowledge in climbers and address shortcomings. Moreover, intentional weight loss for climbing competition is common, with most athletes achieving ~3–8% body weight loss over ≥2 weeks. It is crucial that professionals working with competitive climbers are vigilant in identifying athletes at risk of concerning weight management and establish referral pathways to the appropriate specialist services. High quality intervention trials to assess the efficacy of ergogenic aids in climbing remains inadequate.