Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary Implications of Tooth Attachment Versus Tooth Implantation: A Case Study Using Dinosaur, Crocodilian, and Mammal Teeth

ABSTRACT Tooth attachment and implantation are two classical descriptors of dental anatomy. Tooth attachment distinguishes between teeth that are either fused to the jaw by bone, or suspended within a socket by a periodontal ligament. Tooth implantation describes the geometry of this attachment and has been broadly divided into acrodonty, pleurodonty, and thecodonty. Among extant amniotes, only mammals and crocodilians are considered truly thecodont, because they possess a complex attachment system that includes a periodontal ligament and true tooth sockets. These two amniote groups diverged from a common ancestor over 300 million years ago and are thought to have evolved thecodonty independently. This view has recently come under a great deal of scrutiny with the discovery of complex tooth attachment systems, including the presence of a ligamentous tooth attachment in numerous non-mammalian, non-crocodilian amniotes. This has spurred debate and inconsistencies over the conventional usage of tooth attachment and implantation categories and their evolutionary significance. We provide a comparative histological approach for describing tooth attachment and implantation in an exemplary, traditionally thecodont taxonomic group: the non-avian dinosaurs. The comparisons between theropod, hadrosaurid, and ceratopsid teeth show that all dinosaurs have ligamentous tooth attachments composed of identical dental tissues to those in mammals and crocodilians, but they show a diverse array of tooth attachment geometries, replacement modes, and bone architectures supporting the dentition. The methodology we follow allows researchers to tease apart phylogenetically and functionally significant features of tooth attachment and implantation that could be used in future studies.
The Reluctance Phenomenon of Islamic Banks to Offer Profit-Loss Sharing Financing

This study contributes to the existing literature on the phenomenon of lower valume of Profit-Loss Sharing (PLS)-based products offered by Islamic banks by comprehensively discussing and analyzing the issue from the internal, external, and regulation perspectives, taking the case of PT. Bank Aceh Syariah (BAS) in Indonesia. Using a grounded theory approach, this study interviews selected informants who are knowledgeable in Islamic economics, banking, and financial theories and practices, including experts, practitioners, customers, and regulators. Viewed from three aspects, namely: internal, external, and regulation, the study found that, from the internal aspect, the problem of the low volume of PLS-based financing products is caused by six factors, namely: high risk, lack of quality and quantity of human resources, complicated handling, lack of banking product innovation, asymmetric information, and lack of socialization. Meanwhile, from the external aspects, it is caused by three factors, namely: moral hazard, lack of community's knowledge of Islamic banking products, and low demand. Finally, from the aspect of the regulation, it is caused by a lack of supportive regulation. By tackling these issues, it is believed that the Islamic bank could offer more PLS-based products that finally contribute to the prosperity of the public.
Powdery Mildews on Trees and Shrubs in Botanical Gardens, Parks and Urban Green Areas in the Czech Republic

A total of 103 tree and shrub samples infected with powdery mildew were collected during 2002–2019 from locations within parks, botanical gardens and urban green areas within the Czech Republic and the powdery mildews were morphologically analyzed and identified. The most frequently represented genera were: Erysiphe (27, including former genera Microsphaera and Uncinula), Podosphaera (11, including former genus Sphaerotheca), Phyllactinia (3), Sawadaea (2) and Arthrocladiella (1). New records for the Czech Republic were: E. (U.) arcuata, E. (M.) deutziae, E. (M.) euonymicola, E. (U.) flexuosa, E. (M.) platani, E. (M.) symphoricarpi, E. (M.) vanbruntiana var. sambuci-racemosae, E. (U.) ulmi, Po. amelanchieris, Po. (Sph.) pruinosa and Po. (Sph.) spiraeae. The results were compared with the spectrum of powdery mildew species in the surrounding countries (Slovakia; Hungary; Poland and Germany (Bavaria)).
Runtime power allocation approach for GAMESS hybrid CPU‐GPU implementation

To improve power consumption of applications at the runtime, modern processors provide frequency scaling capabilities, which along with workload optimization, are also available on GPU accelerators. In this work, a runtime strategy is proposed to distribute a given power allocation among the host components and the GPU according to the current application performance and power usage, such that GPU execution is prioritized over CPU for power allocation to maximize application performance. Next, the strategy is tailored to an application, a quantum‐chemistry package GAMESS for ab initio electronic structure calculations. Specifically, GAMESS hybrid CPU–GPU implementation as provided in the Libcchem library is considered. Experiments, performed on a 28‐core node with a Kepler GPU, resulted in performance gains of up to 50% under the proposed strategy and the largest power allocation considered here as compared with the scenario when this allocation was equally distributed among the computing‐platform components.
Carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae – overview and importance

Carbapenems are last resort antibiotics used in infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections are an increasingly global threat, especially because carbapenemase production is more frequent than other resistance mechanisms and is encoded by genes located on transferable genetic structures. The production of classes A (KPC), B (IMP, VIM, NDM) and D (OXA-48 and its variants) of carbapenemases has important clinical consequences and is a constant pool of resistance. This review tries to show the diversity of carbapenemases and to underline their importance.
Computational docking reveals evolutionary conservation of a specific interaction between 15d-Prostaglandin-J2 and eIF4A

15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is anti-inflammatory/antineoplastic prostaglandin which functions through covalent binding to cysteine residues of various target proteins. We previously showed that 15d-PGJ2 mediated anti-inflammatory responses are dependent on the translational inhibition through its interaction with eIF4A. Binding of 15d-PGJ2 to eIF4A specifically blocks the interaction between eIF4G and eIF4A leads to the formation of stress granules (SGs), which cluster mRNAs with inhibited translation. Here we show that the binding between 15d-PGJ2 and eIF4A specifically blocks the interaction between the MIF4G domain of eIF4G and eIF4A. To reveal the mechanism of this interaction, we used computational simulation-based docking studies and identified that the carboxyl tail of 15d-PGJ2 could stabilize the binding of 15d-PGJ2 to eIF4A through arginine 295 of eIF4A, which is the first suggestion that the 15d-PGJ2 tail play a physiological role. Interestingly, the putative 15d-PGJ2 binding site on eiF4A is conserved across many species, suggesting a biological role. Our data propose that studying 15d-PGJ2 and its targets will may uncover new therapeutic approaches in anti-inflammatory drug discovery.
CANDA: computer-assisted nonlinear dynamic approach for the L2 teaching in blended and distance learning

ABSTRACT Second language teaching approaches that were originally proposed for classroom context are used for blended learning context as well as distance learning contexts regardless of their fundamental differences in terms of applicability, accessibility, objectives, designs and theoretical bases. Such theoretical and practical incompatibilities served as the rationale to bridge the gap of a basically devised second language (L2) teaching approach for blended and distance learning contexts. The proposed computer-assisted nonlinear dynamic approach (CANDA) enables L2 learners and teachers to improve psychological factors and communicative skills by suggesting the use of a variety of technology-based apps for a multitude of learning styles. The CANDA, as an L2 teaching approach has significant theoretical and pedagogical implications for educational app designers, computer-assisted teaching programmers, blended and distance learning researchers and officials.
Influence of Socio-Cultural Background of Parents on Girl-Child Education in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria

ABSTRACT: The importance of female education, especially in the developing countries, cannot be overemphasized. There is considerable evidence that the education of women has a direct impact on various aspects of the social, economic, and political well-being of a country. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study and a total sample of 240 parents in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria, participated in the study. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed, while instrument used in gathering data for the study was a questionnaire entitled “SBPGEQ (Socio-cultural Background of Parents and Girl-child Education Questionnaire)’’ and a reliability coefficient of 0.68 was obtained. Percentage was used to present the demographic data of the respondents, while the hypotheses formulated were tested using t-test and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that ignorance on the part of some parents affect girl-child education, girl-child education is a waste of resources, and girl-child education is not profitable. There were no significant differences in the influence of socio-cultural background of parents on girl-child education in Ilorin Metropolis based on gender, religion, age, and educational qualification. In line with the findings of the study, it was recommended that government agencies, such as the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, and other youth related institutions should have programmes that are designed for parents on girl-child education, counsellors should be employed at all level in the country. The counsellors should also be supported and provided the needed facilities that would help in the services they rendered in the environment; and stakeholders in the society should ensure that cultural affinities are not attached to girl-child education. KEY WORDS: Influence; Socio-Cultural Background; Parents; Girl-Child Education. About the Author: Ifeoma P. Okafor, Ph.D. is a Lecturer at the Department of Social Sciences Education, Faculty of Education UNILORIN (University of Ilorin) in Ilorin, Nigeria. For academic interests, the Author is able to be contacted via e-mail address at: ifeomapokafor@gmail.com Suggested Citation: Okafor, Ifeoma P. (2020). “Influence of Socio-Cultural Background of Parents on Girl-Child Education in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria” in EDUCARE: International Journal for Educational Studies , Volume 13(1), August, pp.49-60. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press owned by ASPENSI with ISSN 1979-7877 (print) and ISSN 2621-587X (online). Article Timeline: Accepted (June 22, 2020); Revised (July 27, 2020); and Published (August 30, 2020).
Parent and Teacher Attitudes Towards Inclusive Education in Nauru

Abstract It is recognised that the attitudes of parents and teachers are important in supporting inclusive education in developing countries. This study involved the application of quantitative research through the administration of a survey to determine the attitudes of parents and teachers in the Republic of Nauru. The results have provided preliminary data regarding attitudes related to the emergence of inclusive education in Nauru. Parents were more positive concerning issues that relate directly to the educational benefits of their children over more general benefits of inclusion in education. At this stage, teachers report higher levels of positive attitude than parents. A more fine-grained level of analysis revealed that there is a wide range of attitudes to aspects of education for students with disabilities, and areas of expertise needed to support inclusive education. This research has provided an understanding of current parental and teacher attitudes and levels of existing teacher expertise towards inclusion that is able to inform future policy development in Nauru.
Traditional botanical knowledge (TBK) on the use of medicinal plants in Sikles area, Nepal

The present study documents the Traditional Botanical Knowledge (TBK) on the use of medicinal plants by the people in Sikles area (Kaski, Nepal), mainly focusing on three wards. Sikles is located to the N-E corner of Pokhara at mountain side perched on hillock and is one of the largest and most beautiful villages inhabited by Gurung along with minority of lower caste communities. The field was carried out using the semi-structured questionnaire with 45 informants (two groups i.e. below and above 40 years). The ethno medicinal TBK was also quantitatively analyzed using Relative Frequency Citation (RFC) and Use Value (UV) along with their Pearson Correlation. Our study documented 42 plants species used by the local people to cure 43 different ailments. Majority of the species are single in their respective families. The plant families with more than one medicinal plant species reported were Compositae, Ericaceae, Labiatae, Rosaceae, Urticaceae and Zingiberaceae (each with 2 species). The dominant life form of these plant species were herbs with 24 species followed by shrub (7 sp.) and trees (7 sp.). Out of total, roots of 11 sp. were dominant with maximum use against the diseases followed by leaf (8 sp.), whole plants (8 sp.) etc. The RFC and UV calculated indicate less correlation particularly with the use value of the plants and number of informants responding the use of plants. Thus to preserve TBK on use of medicinal plants, the forthcoming generations must be acquainted with species knowledge and their medicinal values.
Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: A Comparative Analysis between Listed Family and Non-Family Firms in Japan

This study aims to explore the relationship between corporate governance and financial performance of publicly listed family and non-family firms in the Japanese manufacturing industry. The study obtains data from Bloomberg over the period 2014–2018 and covers 1412 firms comprising of 861 non-family and 551 family firms. Our results show that family firms outperform non-family counterparts in terms of return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q when a univariate analysis is invoked. On multivariate analysis, family firms show superior performance to non-family firms with Tobin’s Q. However, family ownership negates firm performance when ROA is taken into account. Regarding the impact of governance elements on Tobin’s Q, institutional shareholding appears to be a significant and positive factor for promoting the performance of both family and non-family firms. Furthermore, board size encourages the performance of non-family firms, while such influence is not observed for family firms. In terms of ROA, foreign ownership inspires the performance of both family and non-family firms. Moreover, government ownership stimulates the performance of family firms, while board independence significantly negates the same. Besides, we find that the performance of family firms run by the founder’s descendants is superior to that of family firms run by the founder. These findings have critical policy implications for family firms in Japan.
The dual drivetrain model of digital transformation: role of industrial big-data-based affordance

PurposeTo better understand the role of industrial big data in promoting digital transformation, the authors propose a theoretical framework of industrial big-data-based affordance in the form of an illustrative metaphor – what the authors call the “organizational drivetrain. ”Design/methodology/approachThis study investigates the effective use of industrial big data in the process of digital transformation based on the technology affordance–actualization theoretical lens. A software platform and services provider with more than 4,000 industrial enterprise clients in China was selected as the case study object for analyzing the digital affordance and actualization driven by industrial big data.FindingsDrawing on a revelatory case study, the authors identify three affordances of industrial big data in the organization, namely developing data-driven customized projects, provisioning equipment-data-driven life cycle services, establishing data-based trust and determining affordance actualization actions driven by technology and market. In addition, the authors reveal the underlying drivetrain mechanisms to advance industrial big data affordance and actualization: stabilizing, enriching and pioneering.Originality/valueThis study builds a drivetrain model on digital transformation by industrial big data affordance actualization. The authors also provide practical implications that can help practitioners to implement digital transformation effectively and extract value from their investment.
How to fit the distribution of apex scavengers into land‐abandonment scenarios? The Cinereous vulture in the Mediterranean biome

Farmland abandonment or “ecological rewilding” shapes species distribution and ecological process ultimately affecting the biodiversity and functionality of ecosystems. Land abandonment predictions based on alternative future socioeconomic scenarios allow foretell the future of biota in Europe. From here, we predict how these forecasts may affect large‐scale distribution of the Cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus), an apex scavenger closely linked to Mediterranean agro‐grazing systems.
Key Environmental Factors Controlling Planktonic Foraminiferal and Pteropod Community’s Response to Late Quaternary Hydroclimate Changes in the South Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean)

A multidisciplinary study was conducted in order to investigate the environmental factors affecting the planktonic foraminiferal and pteropod communities of the south Aegean Sea. Aspects of the Late Quaternary paleoceanographic evolution were revealed by means of quantitative analyses of planktonic foraminiferal and pteropod assemblages (including multivariate statistical approach; principal component analysis (PCA)), the oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera and related paleoceanographic (planktonic paleoclimatic curve (PPC), productivity (E-index), stratification (S-index), seasonality) indices, extracted by the gravity core KIM-2A derived from the submarine area between Kimolos and Sifnos islands. Focusing on the last ~21 calibrated thousands of years before present (ka BP), cold and eutrophicated conditions were identified during the Late Glacial period (21.1–15.7 ka BP) and were followed by warmer and wetter conditions during the deglaciation phase. The beginning of the Holocene was marked by a climatic amelioration and increased seasonality. The more pronounced environmental changes were identified during the deposition of the sapropel sublayers S1a (9.4–7.7 ka BP) and S1b (6.9–6.4 ka BP), with extremely warm and stratified conditions. Pteropod fauna during the sapropel deposition were recorded for the first time in the south Aegean Sea, suggesting arid conditions towards the end of S1a. Besides sea surface temperature (SST), which shows the highest explanatory power for the distribution of the analyzed fauna, water column stratification, primary productivity, and seasonality also control their communities during the Late Quaternary.
Genetic diversity and population structure of endangered rosewood from the Peruvian Amazon using ISSR markers

Rosewood, Aniba rosaeodora is an endangered species in Amazon forests and its natural stands have been heavily depleted due to over-exploitation for the cosmetic industry. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of 90 rosewood accessions from eight localities in the Peruvian Amazon through 11 Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) primers. The ISSR primers produced a sum of 378 bands, of which 375 (99.2%) were polymorphic, with an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.774. The mean effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon informative index (I), gene diversity (He) and total gene diversity (Ht) were 1.485, 0.294, 0.453 and 0.252, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed the presence of maximum variability within populations (88%). The Structure algorithm, neighbor joining and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) grouped the 90 rosewood accessions into three main populations (A, B and C). Diversity indices at the inter-population level revealed a greater genetic diversity in population A, due to higher gene flow. The neighbor-joining analysis grouped populations A and B, while population C was found to be divergent at the inter population level. We concluded that population A reflects higher genetic diversity and should be prioritized for future management and conservation plans.
Vitamin C content in leaves and roots of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana): seasonal variation in fresh tissues and retention as affected by storage conditions

Since antiquity, horseradish is known as folk medicinal herb and food condiment. The richness in phytochemicals has recently encouraged its use in the medical field and as functional food. In this study, vitamin C content by HPLC analysis in young and mature leaves and roots of two horseradish accessions collected at different developmental stages was evaluated. The effect of freezing and freeze-drying on vitamin C loss after different storage time was also analyzed. The vitamin C content varied in fresh tissues depending on accessions and developmental stages. Roots contained the highest values of vitamin C when plant approximated to senescence (about 80 mg 100 g-1 fw). A great content of vitamin C was found in young leaves during the full developmental stages (up to 350 mg 100 g-1 fw) and in mature ones toward plant senescence (up to 280 mg 100 g-1 fw, respectively). By freezing tissues at ˗20°C, a monthly vitamin C loss of 5% was estimated, while by freezing at ˗80°C the losses did not exceed 6% after 8 months of storage. By freeze-drying tissues, a loss of vitamin C of about 40% was found after 4 months of storage at 4°C. Despite the losses associated with food processing, the residual content of vitamin C in horseradish remains still higher compared to other vegetables.
Delft University of Technology Experimental Comparison of the Wake of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine and Planar Actuator Surfaces

Wind tunnel experiments on a scaled vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) and square porous plate with a porosity of 64% are conducted in the W-tunnel of TU-Delft. The VAWT thrusts in axial and lateral directions are measured with an in-house load cell system based on moment conservation. Wake of the VAWT in tip speed ratio of 1.5 and 2.5 and the porous plate is measured with the robotic particle image velocimetry technique, which enables a threedimensional velocity measurement in a combined volume encompassing from 1 diameter upstream to 3 diameters downstream. Counter-rotating vortex pairs in VAWT wake and the wake shape deformation and deflection are discussed, which are related to the lateral thrust. A square porous plate inducing a similar axial thrust is compared, which has the same shape as the crosssection of the VAWT. Wake of the right porous plate with a yaw angle of 15° is investigated, which produces similar deflection as the VAWT.
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Q. What are Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae? A. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, or “CRE”, are a group of bacteria that are highly resistant to antibiotics. Until recently, the bacteria were susceptible to a class of antibiotics called carbapenems, which were developed to treat bacteria that were resistant to other drugs. Due to the overuse of these antibiotics, some types of Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia (E. coli), Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Salmonella have now developed resistance to carbapenems.