Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Testing for Differences through the Framing of Performance Information

he growth of empirical studies that use some type of experimental methodology in public administration has been charted by multiple scholars. These experiments often study questions related to individuallevel perceptions and behaviors of citizens or, to a lesser extent, policymakers. For example, in reviewing fourteen public administration journals from 1992-2014, Bouwman and Grimmelikhuijsen (2016) assessed 42 articles that included experiments and found survey experiments with between-subject designs to be most common. The average sample size among these studies was 471, with student samples or samples of the general public being most common. Similarly, Li and Van Ryzin (2017) considered 72 articles with randomized, quasi-, and natural experiments across twenty journals between 1957 and 2016. This review found that most experiments were published in the last decade and almost half (33 of 72) focused primarily on survey experiments. Ninety percent of the studies were conducted using students while six experiments focused on public managers. These assessments of the literature illustrate that few experimental studies have been conducted on public sector workers (Roberts & Wenstedt, 2019; but see also Andersen, 2017 and Bellé, 2013a). This is due to a variety of possible reasons such as accessibility and cost. However, it is also the case that whether the attitudes and perceptions of practitioners reflect those of non-practitioner groups remains unclear. As such, the purpose of this study is to test whether public managers are subject to some of the same biases and heuristics as the rest of the population; in this case, we focus on biases stemming from information framing and performance gaps. On one hand, it may be the case that biases and heuristics are observed consistently across groups, as all people are required to make decisions and possess the same type of information processing system (e.g., the human T V V Abstract: Experimental studies in public administration often focus on samples of non-practitioner groups. In these cases, it is unclear whether findings from non-practitioner groups are generalizable to public managers. Some literature suggests that bureaucrats are likely to hold biases similar to the rest of the population while other research argues that bureaucratic expertise and training allow practitioners to make decisions in more strategic or rational ways. This study works within the literature of performance information to test for differences in responses to the same experiment among college students, citizens, and public managers in the context of U.S. K-12 education. Some differences were detected across groups, though results reveal largely similar findings which have implications for when and how scholars might rely on non-practitioner samples to consider the attitudes and behaviors of bureaucrats or elected policymakers.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS FOR POLYMER INJECTION TO IMPROVE HEAVY OIL RECOVERY – SMALL-SCALE SIMULATION STUDY

Polymer flooding has been widely used for enhancing oil recovery, due to the growing number of successful applications around the world. The process aims to increase water viscosity and, thus, decrease the water/oil mobility ratio, thereby improving sweep efficiency. The understanding of the physical mechanisms involved in this enhanced oil recovery process allows us to forecast the application potential of polymer flooding. This work aims to assess physical phenomena associated with heavy oil recovery through polymer flooding using 1D small-scale simulation models. We evaluate the influence of different levels of adsorption, accessible pore volume, residual resistance factor, and polymer concentration on the results and compare their magnitude effect on the results. The models used in this study were built using data from previous lab work and literature. For each one of the mentioned parameters, this work compares the histories of water cut, cumulative water-oil ratio, average pressure, and oil recovery factor. Additionally, water saturation, water viscosity, and water mobility profile were determined for specific periods of the flooding process. The sensitivity analyses showed that high levels of adsorption influence the polymer loss of the advance front, delaying oil recovery. Low values of accessible pore volume lead to a slightly faster polymer breakthrough and oil recovery anticipation. A high residual resistance factor increases the average pressure and improves oil recovery. Higher polymer concentration enhances the displacement efficiency and enhances the recovery factor.
Rendimento da soja e intervalo hídrico ótimo em latossolo vermelho sob plantio direto escarificado

O intervalo hidrico otimo (IHO) e um metodo que integra varios fatores que afetam o desenvolvimento das plantas, e corresponde ao intervalo de umidade do solo no qual nao ocorre restricao de aeracao (porosidade de aeracao minima de 0,10 m3 m-3) nem de resistencia mecânica a penetracao das raizes (RP) dentro da faixa de agua disponivel as plantas, isto e, entre a capacidade de campo (CC) e o ponto de murcha permanente (PMP). O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o IHO em um Latossolo Vermelho sob plantio direto (PD) e plantio direto escarificado (PDE), bem como o rendimento de graos de soja. Avaliou-se a densidade do solo, o IHO, a variacao da umidade do solo durante o ciclo da soja e o rendimento de graos. Os resultados indicaram que a densidade do solo foi menor no PDE, o que acarretou maior amplitude do IHO. A densidade critica, na qual IHO = 0, foi semelhante entre o PD e o PDE. Durante o ciclo da cultura da soja, em varios momentos, a sua umidade ficou fora do IHO, quando assumida RP limitante de 2 MPa. Como o rendimento de graos da soja nao apresentou diferenca significativa, deduz-se que a RP de 2 MPa nao e limitante para a soja.
Transaction Costs and Short Term Price Signals: a Happy Marriage

Traders tend to opt for long trade durations to minimize aggregate transaction costs over many trades. In this research I show that this is not necessarily optimal when short term stock price information is available. I show that price movement during a trade explains up to 60% of the variation of transaction costs. Furthermore, I show that we can use short term information to capitalize on this. By changing the duration or timing of trades according to machine learning predictions using logistic regression, neural nets, and LSTM’s we can improve transaction costs up to 32 basis points per trade. This amounts to a net gain per transaction which generally does not consistently occur.
The potential energy surface of He–HCN determined by fitting to high‐resolution spectroscopic data

Two potential energy surfaces for He–HCN are determined by least‐squares fitting of parameterised functional forms to data from high‐resolution microwave and millimeter‐wave spectroscopy [Drucker et al., J. Phys. Chem. 99, 2646 (1995)]. The two potentials both have significantly deeper wells than suggested by the ab initio supermolecule calculations of Drucker et al. Both potentials have linear or near‐linear equilibrium geometries, He–H–C–N, but the shapes of the well depth functions away from the linear geometry are significantly different. The existing experimental data are thus not sufficient to probe this potential feature in detail. Predictions of spectroscopic properties that would allow the new potentials to be tested and refined are given.
Stereotypical perceptions of the communication behaviors of gay males

Stereotypical Perceptions of the Communication Behaviors of Gay Males Daniel W. Brewster This study examined the stereotypical communication behaviors of gay males. The study examined the associations of assertiveness, responsiveness, homonegativity and biological sex. Participants were 359 (195 men, 164 women) students. Participants provided responses to questions about verbal and nonverbal behaviors for known gay individuals and individuals perceived to be gay. The participants then completed the Assertiveness-Responsiveness Measure (Richmond & McCroskey, 1990) in a self-report and observer-report, and the Modern Homonegativity Scale (Morrison & Morrison, 2002). Results indicated some of the more predominant responses to verbal and nonverbal behaviors are inconsistent with the prevalent societal perceptions of homosexuality. Significant associations between biological sex, assertiveness and responsiveness were discovered. The results show that perceived responsiveness and homonegativity were associated. Self-reported assertiveness and selfreported responsiveness were consistent with perceptions of other’s assertiveness and responsiveness. There were significant differences based on biological sex, assertiveness and responsiveness. Future research would resolve some of the questions that this research raised, in particular, why are men consistently more likely to illustrate higher levels of homonegativity. Future research should examine other communication constructs that could further resolve many of the questions that plague gay males. APPENDIX OF CONTENTS Page I. REVIEW OF LITERATURE.5 Introduction.5 Perceptions of the gay male.6 Assertiveness.9 Responsiveness.10 Interaction of Assertivness/Responsiveness.10 Rationale.14 RQ1.15 RQ2.15 RQ3.15 RQ4.15 RQ5.15 RQ6.15 RQ7.17 II. METHOD.16 Participants.16 Procedures.16 Measurement Instruments.16 Data Analysis.18 III. RESULTS.20 IV. DISCUSSION.25 V. MISCELLANEOUS.32 References.32 Appendices.37 The Socio-Communicative Style Measure.37 The Socio-Communicative Orientation Measure.38 Homonegativity Scale.39 Appendix 1-Know is gay-Verbal.41 Appendix 2-May be gay-Verbal.43 Appendix 3-Know is gay-Nonverbal.44 Appendix 4-May be gay-Nonverbal.46 Stereotypical Perceptions of 1 CHAPTER
Capacidades de las empresas y estrategias de crecimiento: el papel moderador de los factores institucionales

Building on Resource-Based View (RBV) and Institutional Theory (IT), we decided to study the internal and external factors that affect the choice between different growth strategies in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in an emerging economy. We started identifying that there is a direct relationship between technological resources and an organic growth strategy, financial resources and an acquisitive growth strategy, and networking capabilities and a hybrid growth strategy. We argue that the intensity of these relations is moderated by institutional factors, such as a country’s intellectual property protections (for organic strategies), credit access (for acquisitive strategies), and trust in the business environment (for hybrid strategies). We based our findings on 450 faceto-face surveys with CEOs from firms in the Electronic Technology, Information, and Communication Sector (ETICS) in Mexico. Managerial implications are also discussed in the paper, as well as future avenues of research.
The Discovery of Grounded Theory Practices for Software
 Engineering Research

Software engineering (SE) research addresses not only technical issues but also human behaviour. SE is considered as an immature discipline because many technical and social issues concerning software development and management have yet to be specified. SE in general is inclined towards quantitative approaches. Nevertheless, qualitative methods are still appropriate for SE research as the methods encourage deep understanding of subject matter. Grounded Theory (GT) is regarded as one of the potential qualitative methods that is applicable to SE research. The method is able to transform less and unknown SE phenomena into cohesive theories through systematic discovery of empirical data from the ground. This paper shares some encounters of using GT in SE research based on the reflection made on several SE research projects covering various phases of software development life cycle. The encounters are then transformed into adaptations and classified as GT practices for SE research, as an effort to inspire the spirit of using GT in SE particularly among novices. The practices embrace aspects concerning formulating research questions, handling preconceptions, utilising software tools, getting access to data and presenting theory and its development process. To illustrate on how the practices were derived, a case study is presented. The proposed GT practices could act as the starting point of adopting GT in SE research. They shall be refined and improved in future to possibly become best practices when more and more experience of using GT in SE are obtained.
Voicing the challenges of ESP teaching: Lessons from ESP in non-English departments

Along with the growing practice of teaching English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in non-English departments of tertiary education, it is essential to investigate the challenges faced by ESP teachers. It can be a basis for proposing policies for the improvement of ESP practice. This study was driven by the fact that ESP classes in non-English departments are allocated limited credit hours, and the teachers are generally General English teachers with no experience and training in teaching ESP. Thus, this study attempted to investigate the fundamental challenges faced by ESP teachers in one state and four private higher education institutions. The data of this qualitative study were obtained through interviews with five ESP teachers. The interview questions were mainly concerned with the knowledgeability and competence in teaching related to subject-specific contexts, adequacy of ESP training, needs analysis, and classroom condition. The findings reveal that the evident challenges encountered by ESP teachers were: lacking knowledge on students’ field of study, lacking of ESP training, lacking of proper needs analysis, large classes, and various learners’ English competencies. The findings of this study suggest that policymakers (stakeholders) should pay more attention to the practice of ESP teaching, especially in non-English departments, by reforming * Corresponding author, email: luluk007@gmail.com Citation in APA style: Iswati, L. , & Triastuti, A. (2021). Voicing the challenges of ESP teaching: Lessons from ESP in non-English departments. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(1), 276293. Received July 6, 2020; Revised December 17, 2020; Accepted December 18, 2020; Published Online January 3, 2021 https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i1. 17301 L. Iswati & A. Triastuti, Voicing the challenges of ESP teaching: Lessons from ESP in nonEnglish departments | 277 policy in order to minimize the problems faced by ESP teachers and to improve the practice of ESP teaching.
Investigating Students’ Perceptions of Cognitive Presence in
 Relation to Learner Performance in Blended Learning Courses: A
 Mixed‑Methods Approach

Cognitive presence sustains the learning community through intellectual discourse. Previous studies have explored cognitive presence using mainly quantitative measures in relation to students’ perceived learning. This study adopts a mixed‑method approach to investigate students’ perception of cognitive presence, its relationship with academic performance, and its manifestation in blended learning courses in selected Tanzanian universities. The study adds empirical evidence about the emerging blended learning courses. A total of 351 students were involved in the study. The findings show that students reported a high cognitive presence (mean = 3.9, SD = .51). Furthermore, cognitive presence predicted student performance. Qualitative data show that students explored information through interaction in group discussions and presentations, with the main push being questions from instructors (teaching presence). Students integrated and applied their knowledge by discussing among themselves, teaching others, and practicing what they had learned. Nevertheless, lack of prompts for feedback, time constraints and lack of confidence were linked with low levels of cognitive presence. The study concludes that students experience high cognitive presence, which predicts their academic performance. The findings imply that cognitive presence tends to influence student performance, regardless of the varying levels of its manifestation.
AFGHAN STUDENTS’ SATISFACTION FROM ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID-19 AT KANDAHAR UNIVERSITY, KANDAHAR, AFGHANISTAN

This purpose of this study was to examine the satisfaction of Afghan students from online learning during COVID-19 at Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan. This research used a quantitative approach, and the learners were from several departments of Education Faculty as well as they were selected through random sample. Similarly, the questionnaire was the main instrument of this study. As well as, three hundred and forty students took participation. After collecting the data, it was analyzed by implementing IBM 24 version of (SPSS). Moreover, the findings of this research indicated that majority students were not satisfied from distance education because learners could not learn from online education compare to traditional classroom setting, learners did not have access to internet-based learning through computer or smartphone, students did not prefer web-based learning, and learners did not seek the same descriptions of lessons on online learning process compare to traditional method of classroom. Also, online learning did not able students to learn independently. However, they were somehow satisfied from the role of teachers who played their role as a facilitator during e-learning process.
DEVELOPMENT OF COMICS LEARNING MEDIA FOR BUYING AND SELLING PRACTICES ON SOCIAL ARITHMETIC

This study was conducted to develop comic learning media which was valid, practical and effective to help students understand the concept of social arithmetic. This study is a developmental study which adapts stages of Borg and Gall. The stages are 1) initial study and gathering information, (2) planning, (3) developing the initial product, (4) limited field trial, (5) revising the initial product, (6) field trials, and (7) revision of the final product. The result of this study was a comic learning media for buying and selling practices on social arithmetic which has met the valid, practical, and effective criteria. Based on the validity results involving media and educational experts showed that this comic learning media was valid, with the percentage of validity respectively 93.6% (very feasible) and 96% (very feasible). Based on the implementation of this media to VII grade students of MTs N (junior high school) 2 Mojokerto, an assessment by students as the media users showed that this media was practical with the percentage of 82.3% (very good) during the limited field trial, and 92.31% (very good) during field trials. The effectiveness of this media based on students’ achievement result that 91% students were in good and excellent category. It means that this comic learning media is effective. Based on these results, it can be concluded that this media was appropriate to be used as learning medium on the topic of social arithmetic.
Evaluation of evidence value of car primer using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) and chemometrics

The car paint system consisted of four different layers; namely cathodic electrodeposition (CED), primer, the basecoat, and clear coat. Each of these layers may offer valuable information in an analysis of car paint. However, the recovery of a small amount of car paint from a crime scene may not consist of all four layers. Thus, this study is conducted to evaluate the evidence value of car primer in the presence of basecoat and absence of clear coat. In this study, 80 car paint samples, consisting of eight different red basecoats and ten types of primers were analyzed using Py-GCMS to evaluate the contribution of the primer layer in the analysis of car paint sample. The chromatographic dataset obtained was subjected to chemometric techniques namely principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). 22 principal components were rendered from PCA with a total variance of 81.23%. CA’s three clusters are cluster 1 and 3 which was based on the shades of red basecoat while cluster 2 was based on the type of primer. This observation showed that the car primer might have a significant contribution to the analysis of car paint using Py-GC-MS.
Effects of Nutrition on Persimmon and Pomegranate Croissants on The Health of Hypertensive Rats

The present work was carried out to investigate the effect of chemical composition, phenolic compounds (PC), flavonoids and radical scavenging activity (RSA%) of persimmon (Pr) and pomegranate ( Pg ) powders with croissant on hypertensive rats were considered. Five groups of rats were studies with 6 rats each. The first group was negative control. The other rats were inflicted with hypertension and distributed on 4 groups. The second group was the positive control, the third, fourth, fifth and 5groups were fed on diets supplemented with croissant either with no additives or with 15% for persimmon and pomegranate croissant powders, respectively. The results obtained that evaluated croissant containing of 15% pomegranate powder (T4) had the highest protein, ash and fiber percent compared to all other treatments. Biological data indicated that the lowest blood pressure was observed in group rats fed on croissant containing 15% pomegranate, where was the significant (p≤0.05) different lowing then group rats fed on croissant containing 15% persimmon. The group rats feed on croissant containing 15% persimmon or pomegranate showed lowing of blood lipid profile and considerably improved of the HDL. Also, positive control group demonstrated significantly high liver enzymes and kidney parameters comparing with groups fed croissant containing 15% persimmon or pomegranate. Finally, the histopathological assessment were consistent more or less normalizations for rats fed on croissant containing 15% persimmon or pomegranate. These findings provide a basis for the use of persimmon or pomegranate supplemented products for the prevention and early treatment of hypertension.
Interaction between planting spacing and wood properties of Eucalyptus clones grown in short rotation

Alice Soares Brito , Graziela Baptista Vidaurre , José Tarcísio da Silva Oliveira , João Gabriel Missia da Silva , Ramon Ferreira Oliveira , Ananias Francisco Dias Júnior , Marina Donária Chaves Arantes , Jordão Cabral Moulin , Marina Valin , Leandro De Siqueira , Edival Angelo Valverde Zauza (3) Wood quality results from the interaction between the genotype of trees and the silvicultural conditions to which they were subjected. Based on this interaction, research on the factors that add value to the woody raw material has an impact on the production of various forest products. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different planting spacings (3×1, 3×2, 3×3 and 3×4 m) on the wood properties of three 4-year-old Eucalyptus clones. The wood of each clone was evaluated based on basic density, dry mass, anatomy, structural chemical composition, ash content and higher heating value. For at least one of the three clones studied, the planting spacing explained the variations in the basic density, dry mass, diameter and frequency of vessels and wall thickness of the wood fibers. Regardless of the eucalyptus clone, the area of vessels, the length and fraction of the fiber wall, as well as the contents of extractives, lignin, ash and the higher heating value of the wood were not influenced by the planting spacing. In summary, the change in the useful area alters the properties of wood in eucalyptus genetic materials in different ways and intensities at 4 years old.