Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of tomato germplasms for growth, yield and quality under Lucknow conditions

The present research work on evaluation of some tomato germplasms for horticultural traits under Lucknow conditions was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm of Department of Applied Plant Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow (U.P.), India, during Rabi season of 2015-16. The research material comprised of sixteen diverse genotypes of tomato collected from different sources. All the genotypes were grown in Randomized Block Design with three replications in 2.4x 1.0 m plant keeping 60 cm distance between the row and distance of plant to plant was maintained 45 cm. They were evaluated for growth and yield attribute for the all the traits. On the basis of overall findings of the present research study it was concluded that there is wide range of variation in tomato strain for all the characters studied. The strain PT-11 is highly significant for Days to marketable picking, Number of flower per cluster, Number of fruit per cluster, Number of fruit per plant, Fruit weight per cluster and for Fruit weight and the biochemical traits TSS and ascorbic acid found highest PH-2 strain of tomato except acidity (Pusa Rohini).
Topographic Changes Of Two different Ni Ti File Systems After Multiple Uses

Aim: To study the topographic changes of protaper Next and Two Shape NiTi file systems afterthree uses.Materials and Methods: Four sets of Protaper Next and four sets of Two Shape files wereused to prepare MB canals of mandibular first molars. Twenty four mandibular first molars withnearly similar lengths (20 to 22 mm) and the mesiobuccal canals with curvature ranged from 20o -40o were used. All teeth were subjected to access cavity, MB canal localization, WL determinationand the teeth were randomly assigned to two groups, twelve for each according to the type of NiTirotary files used. Group I, twelve MB canals were prepared by using the four sets of Protaper NextNiTi rotary files. Group II, twelve MB canals were prepared by using the four sets of Two ShapeNiTi rotary files. Every set prepare three canals. All sets of Protaper Next including X1 & X2 andTwo Shape including TS1 & TS2 were scanned under SEM before and after canal preparation inthe same position at three parts: apical part, middle part and the critical point (3-5 mm from the filetip) and photographed. No visible defects, pitting, corrosion, fretting, micro cracks, fractures, metalstrips, spiral distortion, blunt cutting edges, disruption of cutting edges or fatigue cracks were thecriteria of surface deformations of files. All deformations were tabulated and compared before andafter root canal preparation.Results: PTN sets: one X1 showed disruption of cutting edges before and after use, one X1showed disruption of cutting edges after use, two X1 and four X2 files showed no visible defects.TS sets: one TS1 showed disruption of cutting edges before and after use, three TS1 showed novisible defects. One TS2 showed pitting before and after use, one TS2 showed corrosion after use,one TS2 showed disruption of cutting edges and micro cracks after use and one TS2 showed novisible defects.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is safe to instrument up to three curved canalsby PTN or TS rotary NiTi files without file fracture.
Effect of different planting densities on growth, flowering and corm production in gladiolus

The effects of different planting densities (15, 40, 60 and 80 corms/m2) of gladiolus cv. ‘Friendship’ on growth, flowering and corm production were studied. With increase in planting density, growth and flowering attributes reduced. However, planting 40 corms/m2 was on par with control (15 corms/m2). The different planting densities had no significant influence on corm production.
Modelling the effect of coastal foredune topography on annual aeolian sand input from the beach

Predictions of the seasonal to annual aeolian input of beach sand into the foredune are generally too high compared to measured deposition volumes. As such predictions are generally based on wind-characteristics alone, the over-prediction is generally ascribed to transport limiting factors, such as beach moisture, that are not incorporated in the model formulations. However, also the applied wind characteristics themselves may be in error. Most predictions rely on regional wind data, thereby ignoring the potential effect of the foredune topography on the local (i.e. on the beach) wind field. Previous studies have shown that shore-oblique winds are rotated to a more shore-parallel direction. Additionally, the near-bed wind velocity just in front of the beach-dune interface is reduced. These results are based on relatively low (< 15 m) and moderate slope (> 0.33 m/m) coastal foredunes. For higher (> 20 m) and steeper (>0.44 m/m) foredunes, which are common for the Dutch coast, the effects are expected to be more pronounced. The use of local rather than regional wind characteristics is then expected to substantially reduce the potential aeolian input into the foredune. To quantify this effect, we modelled wind behavior using the open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package OpenFOAM. The output of this model study was subsequently used to investigate the effect of local rather than regional wind characteristics on annual predictions of aeolian sand input for the Dutch coastal dune system.
Effect of different restor ative crowns on fracture resistance and stress distribution in single implants; An In-Vitro study

Statement of the problem. Implant failure due to poor biomechanical behavior is a common problem in dentistry. Occlusal overloading is considered the primary cause of peri-implantitis, implant and\or prosthesis fracture, and screw loosening or fracture. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different restorative crowns on the fracture resistance and stress distribution in single implants. Materials and Methods. One implant was anchored in a measurement model based on a real-life patient situation simulating (D3) bone density. Strain gauges (SGs) were fixed mesially, distally, lingual and buccally adjacent to the implant. A total of 20 crowns were produced using a CAD\CAM machine and divided into two equal groups according to the material type; Zirconia and (PEEK) (n=10). The magnitude of strain was recorded in microstrains (με). Each specimen was loaded to fracture in a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with 2-way univariate ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (α=.05). Results. The mean strain values for the two groups at the different (SG) sites ranged from (26.0 to 1033.6 μm/m). The 2-way univariate ANOVA indicated statistically significant differences (P <0.001) between the zirconia and the (PEEK) crowns . In addition, Mean (SD) failure loads were 2070.5(100.24) N for zirconia crowns, 950.75(34.61) N for (PEEK) crowns. The 2-way univariate ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference for the fracture resistance between the zirconia and (PEEK) crowns (P< 0.001). Conclusions: Superstructure materials appear to have an influence on strain development in single implant restorations. (3814) Mazen A.Attia and Haitham Amr E.D. J. Vol. 64, No. 4
The Role of ERK5 in Cell Proliferation

The extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 5 (ERK5), also known as big mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase 1 (BMK1), is a non-redundant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) implicated in mediating the response of cells to mitogens, oxidative and osmotic stresses. The molecular complexity of the ERK5 cascade has been mostly delineated by over-expression studies. For example, like other MAPKs, ERK5 activity increases upon phosphorylation by a MAPK/ERK kinase, namely MEK5. However, the physiological role of ERK5 is not rigorously established by these data. Furthermore, in comparison to the other members of the family, little is known about the downstream targets of ERK5. This constitutes an obstacle for the molecular understanding of the signalling mechanisms that account for the effect of ERK5 activation in vivo. To clarify these issues, I have tested the effect of the conditional loss of ERK5 in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). My results indicate that ERK5 is required for the proliferation of MEFs, at least in part, by promoting the entry into S phase of the cell cycle. ERK5 suppressed the expression of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) inhibitors, p21 and p27. As a result, low-level CDK2 activity detected in ERK5-deficient MEFs correlated with hypo-phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and with a defect in G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle. ERK5 blocks p21 expression by decreasing the stability of the p21 transcript. This process might, at least partially, involve a mechanism implicating c-Myc-induced transcriptional up-regulation of the miR-17-92 cluster. Concerning p27, ERK5 decreases p27 protein stability. The stabilisation of p27 in the absence of ERK5 resulted in the accumulation of the protein in the nucleus. To examine the relevance of my findings in cancer, I tested the effect of pharmacological inhibition of ERK5 in two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and MDA- MB-231, using XMD8-92, a novel potent and selective inhibitor of ERK5. My results show that these cells are dependent on ERK5 to proliferate. Furthermore, I found that incubation of MDA- MB-231 cells with XMD8-92 compromised their ability to invade. In both breast cancer cell lines, ERK5 down-regulates p21 and p27 expression. Together with evidence that cancer patients with poor prognosis display a high-level of expression of components of the ERK5 signalling pathway, these findings support the hypothesis that ERK5 can be a potential target for cancer therapy.
Extraction and amplification of DNA from 55 foodstuffs.

Introduction Labelling of genetically modified foodstuffs is mandatory in European countries. In order to analyse if a foodstuff contains ingredients derived from genetically modified organisms (GMO), many methods have been developed in the past (1–3). Most of these methods are based on the detection of the introduced genetic trait by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, there is still a lack of knowledge concerning the extractability and the physical properties of DNA relevant for PCR isolated from different foodstuffs. The chosen foodstuffs either contain or are GMOs which are on the market today or alternatively they are at least at the stage of experimental evaluation as a GMO-variety. This work evaluates how much DNA can be extracted from these foodstuffs and if the DNA can be used as a template for PCR. For this reason, 55 foodstuffs representing different processing levels were analysed. The samples were chosen to represent a wide variety of products with different types of food matrices. In a first step, the amount of extractable DNA was determined. Then the quality of the extracted DNA was tested by amplification of the DNA with a eucaryote-specific PCR system (4). Positive results with the eucaryote-specific PCR system solely show the presence of amplifiable DNA, but at the same time allow a comparison of the amplificability between the analysed foodstuffs. The study was extended for three types of foodstuffs (soybean, corn and potato) to a species-specific amplification system, where the gene of interest is present in low/single copy to serve as a model system for genetically modified plants presently on the market.
Without Miracles: Universal Selection Theory and the Second Darwinian Revolution

Part 1 The need for selection: puzzles of fit. Part 2 The achievements of selection: the fit of biological structures the emergence of instinct the immune system - selection by the enemy brain evolution and development - the selection of neurons and synapses. Part 3 The promise of selection: the origin and growth of human knowledge the adaptive modification of behaviour adapted behaviour as the control of perception the development and functioning of thought cultural knowledge as the evolution of tradition, technology and science the evolution, acquisition and use of language education - the provision and transmission of truth, or the selectionist growth of fallible knowledge? Part 4 The use of selection: evolutionary computing - selection within silicon the artificial selection of organisms and molecules. Part 5 The universality of selection: from providence through instruction to selection - a well-travelled road universal selection theory - the second Darwinian revolution appendix - the trouble with miracles.
Determination of gastrointestinal transit time in Podocnemis expansa Schweigger, 1812 (Amazon turtle) (Testudines: Podocnemididae).

The Amazon turtle is herbivorous but can feed on a small amount of food of animal origin. The speed of digestion of these animals is influenced by temperature and diet. Studies on the transit in the gastrointestinal tract are necessary in order to understand the food digestion process in the animal’s organism. We therefore sought to establish the gastrointestinal transit time of this reptile, which is information widely used in the clinical care of wild animals. The study involved 10 animals from the Nova Crixás – GO breeding farm, weighing an average of 2.595 ± 3.22 Kg. The animals were fed orally with a barium sulfate suspension (10ml/Kg of Bariogel mixed with mineral oil (Nujol), in a proportion of 70% barium sulfate to 30% oil. The animals were then radiographed in the dorsiventral position, with the X-ray machine set at 80 kV, 250 mA and 0.74” of exposure, at preestablished intervals of time the SANTOS, A.L. Q. et al. Determination of gastrointestinal transit time in Podocnemis expansa Schweigger, 1812 (Amazon turtle) (Testudines: Podocnemididae). PUBVET, Londrina, V. 5, N. 12, Ed. 159, Art. 1073, 2011. contrast remained in the organism. Five minutes after administration of the contrast fluid, the stomach was filled, while the jejunum and ilium were filled between 6 and 24 hours, the cecum between 24 and 96 hours, and the colon and rectum between 24 hours and the 5 day. Complete emptying of the stomach occurred between the 5 and 24 day. Elimination of the contrast material from the duodenum occurred from the 7 to the 15 day, and from the jejunum-ilium between the 7 and 17 day. The cecum expelled the contrast fluid from the 12 to the 29 day, with complete discharge occurring between the 15 and 29 day, Therefore, the total gastrointestinal transit time in P. expansa was, on average, 22.5 days, with a minimum of 15 days and maximum of 29 days.
Adaptations of Arabidopsis halleri to habitats rich in heavy metals in southern Poland

Cette etude a tente de fournir une meilleure description et comprehension de l'origine et de l'evolution de la tolerance et de la capacite d'accumulation vis-a-vis du zinc dans les populations de l'espece pseudometallophyte Arabidopsis halleri. La recherche a ete realisee a partir de 15 populations metallicoles (M) et non-metallicoles (NM) du sud de la Pologne. Les analyses physico-chimiques des sols et des plantes ont ete effectuees afin de caracteriser les habitats et les comportements des individus. Les analyses genetiques ont vise a decrire la structure genetique des populations d'A. halleri et a reconstruire leur histoire par une analyse phylogeographique. Les tests de tolerance et d'accumulation realises en conditions controlees sur les memes individus ont recherche les relations entre ces deux traits. Nous avons observe une variance des proprietes du sol et du comportement des populations plus forte dans les sites M; les 2 types des sites different de maniere significative pour les concentrations en metaux lourds ainsi que pour d'autres parametres physico-chimiques. L'analyse de la structuration genetique neutre menee a partir de 10 marqueurs nucleaires microsatellites a revele un regroupement des populations en fonction de leur origine geographique. En outre, pour la premiere fois, nous avons montre qu'il existe des populations NM fondees a partir de populations M. L'analyse de la structuration genetique selectionnee menee en conditions controlees montre que les populations NM sont moins tolerantes et accumulent significativement plus de Zn que les populations M. En revanche aucune relation entre ces traits n'a pu etre detectee au niveau des individus eux memes.
Concept Mapping with a Cooperative Learning Flavor.

SINCE Joe Novak and his associates at Cornell University developed and introduced the concept mapping strategy in 1972, biology teachers, educators and science education researchers in Australia, Brazil, Canada, the U.S., the U.K., Israel and Nigeria have tried using concept maps. Schmid and Telaro (1990) report that biology students in Canada enjoyed lessons in which concept maps were used. Wallace and Mintzes (1990) and Lehman, Carter and Kahle (1985) reported similar experiences in the U.S. Concept mapping requires learners to plot concepts and their interrelations in a meaningful organization network. It has been shown to improve problem solving skills in biology (Okebukola 1991), reduce anxiety level in biology classrooms (Alaiyemola, Jegede & Okebukola 1990; Jegede, Alaiyemola & Okebukola 1990; Okebukola & Jegede 1989a, 1989b) and promote meaningful learning of science concepts (Novak 1990a, 1990b; Okebukola 1990; Okebukola & Jegede 1989a; Wandersee 1990). When concepts are mapped, they help to change experience from terra incognita (a region of the unknown) to terra cognita (a region of the known) (Wandersee 1990).
Sustainable Land Management Practices and Profit Efficiency of Maize and Cassava in Nigeria: Evidence from Ogun State

The management of land resource is imperative to achieve sustainable food production and development and to ensure agricultural sustainability, as highlighted in the millennium development goals. This study assessed the effect of Sustainable Land Management Practices (SLMP) on efficiency of production of maize and cassava in Ogun State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 388 respondents for this study. Information collected covered farmers‟ socio-economic characteristics, inputs and output values and specific SLMPs used. The SLMPs studied included Structural and Mechanical Erosion Control (SMEC), Agronomic Practices (AP), Cultivation Practices (CP) and Soil Management Practices (SMP). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the stochastic frontier profit function. The farmers had an average of nine years of formal education, 54% participated in Community Based Organizations (CBOs), 91% had access to extension education, 55% had land tenancy security and 81% favoured the use of AP more than other SLMPs. About 47% of the farmers cultivated undulating farmlands which were vulnerable to degradation. In maize production, a percentage increase in the use of SMEC, AP and CP reduced profit inefficiency by 2.37%, 0.44% and 0.21% respectively. Similarly, in cassava production, a percentage increase in the use of SMEC, AP and CP reduced profit inefficiency by 1.06%, 1.25% and 0.55% respectively. Other factors which reduced profit inefficiency in maize and cassava production included farmers‟ experience in farming, their access to extension services and credit facility, years of formal education, participation in CBOs and government initiated programmes. Overall results from this study show that the adoption of SLMPs contributes significantly to the reduction in profit inefficiency
PERILAKU KONSUMTIF REMAJA PENIKMAT WARUNG KOPI

This research is a descriptive qualitative research types that focus on the fieldresearch and did not rule out library study that aims to describe the adolescent consumptive behavior of coffee connoisseurs in district of Plaosan, Magetan. The sampling techniques used in this research ware purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Samples taken in this study was the adolescent in Plaosan who were glad to consume coffee. Data collection method used were in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Analysis of the data used was interactive analysis that includes data collection, data reduction, the presentation of data, and the withdrawal of the conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the characteristics that stand out on a coffee connoisseur adolescent seen from lifestyle and his social life was spent much of his time with his friends. Factors that influence adolescents to consume coffee because of the motivation of the individual, the individual economies, teammates and family. Motivation in adolescents coffee connoisseur is to fulfill his wishes, supported by the economic support and teammates who made the coffee connoisseur adolescents more comfortable in doing the activities of consumption. Consumptive behavior was done by adolescent coffee connoisseur is to choose the site, the types of drinks to their favorites, choosing snacks as a friend drinking coffee, selecting friend invitation, a time that fits their expectations, how to enjoy drinks, chatting, smoking, the atmosphere when consuming coffee and putting aside allowance. Keywords: adolescent, consumerist, coffee
Hemodynamic changes during exchange transfusion in early neonatal period

Background: Exchange transfusion(ET) has remained the gold standard for rapid lowering of higher bilirubin levels, it is not risk free and mortality rate vary from 0.5 to 3.3%. The present study was carried out to study hemodynamic parameters changes during ET in neonates. Materials and Methods: 22 neonates who suffered from hyperbilirubinemia and required double volume ET were enrolled in this prospective study. ET was carried out according to standard practice guidelines. Clinical hemodynamic parameters including heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, temperature and ECG, % saturation of oxygen (SpO2) and CVP were monitored continuously before 15 min (pre exchange) during 60-120 min(mid exchange) and after 30 min(post exchange). All data was analysed statistically. Results: There was significant increase in mean heart rate152.78(19.88),155.12(20.50), mean respiratory rate 46.02(8.87),50.92(6.98) and drop in mean Spo2 91.19(4.17),90.67(4.28) in mid-exchange and post-exchange values respectively as compared to pre exchange values138.72(17.74),36.79(7.58),93.51(3.28) for mean heart rate, respiratory rate and mean SpO2 respectively. There was significant increase in mean diastolic blood pressure values in post-exchange 45.43(13.88) as compared to pre exchange values 41.83(9.80). Mid-exchange value 8.66(2.12) of mean central venous pressure was significantly lower from pre-exchange 10.10(1.92) and post-exchange 9.56(1.98) values. ECG changes did not show any significant changes during ET. Conclusion: There were significant adverse effects on all hemodynamic clinical parameters. Monitoring of neonate is essential during ET which will prevent complications of ET. Current recommendations for performing ET are based on balance between the risk of encephalopathy and the adverse events related to the procedure holds true.