Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Job Flexibility and Household Labor Supply: Understanding Gender Gaps and the Child Wage Penalty

This paper investigates how occupational flexibility affects married couples’ labor supply and the gender pay gap around childbirth. Using the NLSY79 data and Goldin’s (2014) measure of occupational flexibility, I show that flexibility is a significant determinant of married couples’ labor supply adjustments. When a husband’s job exhibits low flexibility, couples are more likely to specialize with the wife dropping out of the labor market and the husband increasing hours worked. In contrast, couples with greater flexibility show less labor supply adjustment to childbirth. To analyze the relationship between occupational flexibility and family-friendly labor market policies, I develop and estimate a dynamic discrete choice model of couples’ decision-making about labor supply and occupations. In the model, occupations are characterized by wage-hours schedules and flexibility levels. I find that increasing women’s and men’s own occupational flexibility increases labor force participation by 4 percentage points in the childbirth year. Interestingly, increasing husband’s flexibility has a greater impact on the wife’s labor adjustment than her own flexibility, augmenting her participation rate and working hours by 10 and 7 percentage points. Finally, I evaluate the effects of family-friendly policies providing temporary flexibility for couples experiencing a birth in the last two years. Policies that target women increase female labor supply and reduce the gender pay gap by 8% in the long run. However, when the benefits are offered to both spouses, the positive effects on the wife’s labor supply are weakened, and the gender pay gap expands in the long run. ∗Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania. Email: mbang@sas.upenn. edu. I am grateful to my advisors Holger Sieg, Petra Todd, and Andrew Shephard for their invaluable guidance and support throughout my graduate studies. I have benefited from discussions with Francesco Agostinelli, Jere R. Behrman, Gorkem Bostanci, Hanming Fang, Hanbaek Lee, Margaux Luflade, Robert A. Miller, Andrew Postlewaite, Richard Prisinzano, José-Vı́ctor Rı́os-Rull, and Kent Smetters. I also thank seminar participants at University of Pennsylvania and Penn Wharton Budget Model. I acknowledge financial support from the Maloof Family Dissertation Fellowship and Penn Wharton Budget Model. All errors are my own.
DYNAMICS AND SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF ASYMMETRIC ROCKING 1 BRIDGES 2 3

10 The governing equations of motion for bridges with rocking piers of unequal height and unequal span lengths 11 are derived accounting for the effect of end joint gaps and the abutment-backfill system. The attenuation of the rocking 12 motion stems from the impacts at the rocking interfaces, described through the coefficient of restitution, and also from 13 the impacts (pounding) of the superstructure on the abutment backwalls. This is the first study that combines both 14 energy dissipation sources in the analytical derivation of the equations of motion. The results of response-history 15 analysis of bridges with different levels of asymmetry in their pier height show that the performance of both the 16 symmetric and asymmetric configurations is very similar with regard to longitudinal displacements. Although the 17 studied bridges safely resisted ground motions with an intensity about twice that of the design earthquake, regardless 18 of the degree of asymmetry, it was found that the higher the difference in the pier height, the larger is the rotation of 19 the superstructure due to the differential uplift of the piers, a point that has to be addressed in seismic design for 20 rocking response. 21
Behavioral Intention Of E-Wallet Adoption In Jakarta, Indonesia

The purpose of the research is to study the factors affecting the behavioral intention to use e-wallet in Jakarta, Indonesia. An integrated model of Innovation Diffusion Technology (IDT) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was developed to understand the factors affecting the behavioral intention towards an innovation, in this case e-wallet. In this study, four variables of IDT (relative advantage, compatibility, observability, and trialability) and additional variable of perceived trust are the predictor variables, along with the TAM variables (perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness) as the mediating variables
Collaborative Inquiry Approaches and Level of Thinking and Reasoning Skills: Basis for Sustainable Science Education

The study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of collaborative inquiry approaches such as problem-based learning and project-based learning on improving the thinking and reasoning skills of students. Furthermore, it aimed to determine the difference in pretest and posttest scores, and correlate the students’ perceived effectiveness on the approaches’ process, implementation and outcomes to the mean posttest scores. Descriptive-comparative research design was used. Sixty Grade 10 students clustered into two groups were selected as respondents in San Pablo City Science Integrated High School during the academic year 2018- 2019. Survey questionnaires and pretest-posttest questions were utilized to obtain the data. Results revealed that there was a significant relationship between the students’ perceived effectiveness of collaborative inquiry approaches and their mean posttest scores in thinking and reasonings skills. However, the results of the pretest and posttest of the students were significantly different. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the students’ mean posttest scores exposed to problem-based learning and project-based learning. Both learning approaches can co-exist inside the classroom as effective modes of teaching real-world learning and building future-ready skills.
Research Paper: Analgesic Effect of Bumetanide on Neuropathic Pain in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury

* Corresponding Author: Farinaz Nasirinezhad, PhD. Address: Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98 (936) 0706083 E-mail: fnasirinezhad12@yahoo.com Introduction: The current study evaluated the analgesic effects of bumetanide as an adjunctive in the management of neuropathic pain following Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). The peripheral expression of Na-K-Cl Cotransporter-1 (NKCC1) and K-Cl Cotransporter-2 (KCC2) genes in polymorphonuclear lymphocytes (PMLs) was assessed as a possible biomarker indicating central mechanisms underlying the observed response.
Spencer the chimpanzees of the taï Forest as models for hominine microorganism ecology and evolution anecdote

Meeting the chimpanzees of the Taï Forest for the first time, it was striking that researchers have been following many of these individuals for their entire lives. These studies have provided insights into many facets of their lives and for the last 15 years, this has included extensive studies of their health, accompanied by continuous sampling of faeces and necropsies. While the deadly diseases that have devastated these wild populations were a motivator for every author of this chapter in getting involved in work with these communities (see Chapter 23), these chimpanzees, like all humans, are home to entire ecosystems of innumerable microorganisms (i.e. microbial communities) that make up the whole individual. The Taï chimpanzees now provide one of the best insights into the microbial communities of our closest living relatives. The long-term monitoring of these populations now allows us to go back and look at an individual’s microorganisms through time, to examine how these populations are shared and acquired, and provides insights into how our own microorganism communities have changed with the advent of agriculture, cities and international travel. Here, we examine how the chimpanzees of Taï allow us to explore how our viral and bacterial communities may have looked in the past and the potential emergence of these microorganisms into human populations. Jan Gogarten
Ecological studies on the aquatic macro-invertebrate population dynamics of the snow-fed Kali River in Uttarakhand, India

Freshwater macro-invertebrates are the bottom dwelling organisms. Their presence, distribution and diversity is affected by many eco-biological factors. The aim of this study was to assess the factors that impact upon the population dynamics of macroinvertebrates, while correlating the relationship between various physio-chemical parameters and macro-invertebrates from the Kali River, Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand). The samples were collected using a quartet square in the sampling area of one square feet of the stream bed, which was then, after placing in 70% alcohol, taken to the laboratory for identification and enumeration. A total of 24 genera and 28 species were found during the study, which belongs to 3 phylum, 5 classes, 10 order and 20 families. A total of eight physiochemical parameters were studied on a monthly basis round the year. The ecological impact was measured by establishing the correlation between recorded physio-chemical parameters and invertebrates’ diversity, in which water temperature, air temperature, velocity, and conductivity showed a negative correlation while pH, DO, total alkalinity, and total hardness showed a positive correlation. Various alpha diversity indices were estimated with the help of PAST software which indicated diverse macro-invertebrate communities in the Kali River in District Pithoragarh.
Value and incident categories for cargo theft in Europe – Analysing TAPA EMEA statistics

Purpose of this paper To analysis the relationship between value (reported stolen value) and different incident categories in order to find patterns and trends in cargo theft within Europe. Design/methodology/approach The research is explorative as this type of research is missing in logistics but also deductive as it utilizes theories from criminology. The analysis is based on TAPA EMEA’s IIS transport related crime database. The result is analyzed and discussed within a frame of reference consisting of theories from logistics and criminology. Findings There are seasonal variations of incident categories. This variation is found both between months of the year and the day of the week for many of the incident categories, but the patterns are different for different incident categories. Within this understanding there are many changes in hot spots, modus operandi, theft endangered objects and handling methods during time, but the basic theoretical frame of reference is still more or less the same. Research limitations/implications The research is based on theories deduced from criminology and logistics together with secondary data regarding cargo theft. The geographically limitation to the Europe is done of practical reasons whiles the frame of reference can be used globally for analysis antagonistic threats against transports. Practical implications This research is limited by the content and classification within the TAPA EMEA IIS database. Nevertheless, this database is the best available database and the reports comes mainly from the industry itself, represented by the different TAPA members how report their losses anonymous, nevertheless the quality of the data limits the possibility to make normative statements about cargo theft prevention. What is original/value of paper This paper is the first within supply chain risk management that utilizes actual crime statistics reported by the industry itself, in order to analyze the occurrence of cargo theft by focusing on the value of the stolen vehicle/goods in relation with incident categories.
Biochemical changes in Conocarpus species under saline soils of Lal Suhanra National Park, Bahawalpur

In Pakistan, arid and semi-arid areas are more prone to limited rainfall, extensive evapo-transpiration and higher temperatures. For better understandings of current situation, a field experiment was carried out to study the morphological characteristics, biochemical responses and ionic composition of Conocarpus species (Conocarpus erectus and Conocarpus lancifolius) under saline soil conditions in Lal Suhanra National Park, Bahawalpur during 2019-21. Three sites one at normal soil and two at different salinity levels (Medium and High Salinity) were observed in order to assess their effect on plant growth and other parameters. The data regarding physiological and biochemical parameters were recorded. Conocarpus lancifolius and Conocarpus erectus has maximum (233) mmol m-2sec-1and (162) mmol m-2sec-1stomatal conductance respectively. Maximum transpiration rate (4.57 MMOL M-2S-1) was observed at site-I in case of C. lancifolius, while maximum transpiration rate in case of C. erectus was (2.94 MMOL M-2S-1) at site-I. At control level, maximum photosynthetic rate was measured as (8.76 μmol m-2sec-1) in C. lancifolius and (5.59 μmol m-2sec-1) in case of C. erectus. Conocarpus lancifolius and Conocarpus erectus has maximum SOD (13.29 and 19.62) and CAT (16.48 and 42.05), and POD (14.81 and 8.81 U/mg protein) respectively. Maximum values of Na+ K+ ratio in leaves (3.08), shoots (5.98) and roots (9.84) were detected at site-I in C. lancifolius. Based on statistically analyzed data, it is revealed that Conocarpus lancifolius can tolerate better salt stress as compared to Conocarpus erectus. Both species of Conocarpus can tolerate salinity up to 25 dSm-1 but growth of Conocarpus erectus is affected more as compared to Conocarpus lancifolius.
The Green Food Value Chain Development Approach: Key Lessons Learnt

The green food value chain development (GFVCD) approach has its foundations in the green, circular and low-carbon economies as well as within green growth. It was developed, mainly, with a ‘bottomup’ approach focused on realism. The thrust of the process was and is to partner with bottom of the pyramid (BOP)/subsistence marketplaces (SM) stakeholders, for example agri-food value chain actors, and critically learn from stakeholders and their contexts to attempt to identify and better understand how, within agri-food value chains and markets, environmental challenges and impacts were tendered with, via, frugal, green and grass root innovations. Over the period 2012 to 2020, in developing the GFVCD approach and also in implementing such an approach, data and information, knowledge, knowhow and experiences were gained from 23 countries. Within this background, the aim of this research was to ascertain, identify, analyze and diagnose key lessons learnt in developing and implementing the GFVCD approach over the past nine years. The research was based on a review of sources of data and information, both secondary and primary related directly and indirectly to the GFVCD approach. The research was further enhanced by an online meeting with subject matter specialists held with the main aim of reviewing, discussing and attempting to agree upon the key lessons learnt over the past nine years in terms of developing and implementing the GFVCD approach. The results of the research and the online meeting found 14 key lessons learnt in terms of developing and implementing the GFVCD approach. All the 14 key lessons were found to carry all the same ‘weight’ in terms of relevance to the GFVCD approach as well as being all interconnected. From the stocktaking, the 14 key lessons learnt can be considered as a set of ‘best practices’ for the GFVCD approach. These 14 reference points on ‘best practice’ can be important and can be instrumental in not only developing the GFVCD approach further, but also and importantly in further implementing the approach at field level. The findings from this research indicate that effectively the GFVCD approach, both in terms of developing further and implementing such an approach, is dynamic and consequently needs to be considered as a flexible, adaptable and morphing approach that can be assimilated within the high diversity of BOP/SM contexts.
Prevalence of scabies among secondary school students in Anambra State, Nigeria

Scabies has been listed as one of the Neglected Tropical Diseases. Therefore, this study aimed at estimating the prevalence of Scabies among Secondary School Students in Anambra State, Nigeria. A survey of Scabies infection was conducted in fifty (50) randomly selected secondary schools in the three geographical zones of Anambra State, Nigeria. A well-structured questionnaire was employed to elucidate information on age, sex and also on knowledge, attitude and perception (KAP). Focus group discussions, direct clinical observations and microscopic examinations using the skin scraping test method for the confirmation of scabies infestation were also employed. Data analysis was done using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23 and Microsoft Excel version 16. Out of the five thousand (5000) students examined 500 (10.0%) were identified as positive from the research works, the sex-specific prevalent rate showed that 209 out of the 3000 females (6.97%) were positive while 291 out of the 2000 males (14.55%) were positive. The age-specific prevalence showed that age groups 10 to 12 years had the highest prevalence rate (29.0%) and 9.6% in both the male and female students respectively. The infectivity rate among urban and rural schools showed that rural students were more prone to scabies infections (14.12%) than their urban counterparts (5.88%) and the difference was statistically significant. The result of this study helped identify some students with Scabies infection in Anambra state Nigeria for appropriate treatment, prevention and control measures to curb the menace of Scabies infestation.
The Impact of Pink Marketing on Women's Purchasing Decisions at Destinations and Hotels: Applying on Egyptian Domestic Tourism

Pink marketing is one of the new marketing trends that emerged in the twenty-first century, and it refers to women and any marketing activities aimed at them. This study aimed to determine the impact of pink marketing mix dimensions on women's purchasing decisions for destinations and hotels of Egyptian domestic tourism. To achieve the objectives of the study, a quantitative approach was applied. The targeted population of this study was the Egyptian tourist women in Hurghada, Sharm El Sheikh and Alexandria, as vital areas for domestic tourism in Egypt during the period: from July to September 2021. Both online and offline questionnaires were used to collect the primary data for this study. A total of 960 questionnaires were collected from the sample of the study. The findings indicated that pink marketing mix has a major positive impact on women's purchasing decisions in the choice of destinations and hotels in the Egyptian domestic tourism. Moreover the most positive dimensions in relation to the impact on women's purchasing decisions were respectively as pink promotion, pink price. Moreover, there are significant strong positive relationships between all dimensions of pink marketing mix (product, price, place and promotion) and women's purchasing decisions. According to demographic data, there are variances in women's purchasing decisions (age categories, education level, job status). This study presented some useful recommendations that are valuable for both travel agencies and hotels in Egypt, Because of the vital importance of pink marketing and its impact on women's tourism and hotel purchase decisions
Application of decision tree algorithm for predicting students' performance via online learning during coronavirus pandemic

The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has resulted in the worldwide closure of educational institutions such as universities. Accordingly, teaching in most countries now takes place remotely via digital platforms. As education moves from conventional to online instruction, student performance is a key concern for management because numerous factors could affect learning. This study proposes to evaluate the attributes of distance learning that could affect student performance and then adopt a classification algorithm to recommend improvements to higher education organizations. The relevant educational data for the algorithm were gathered in the 2020-2021 academic year from student surveys in four classes at the College of Sciences and Arts at Qassim University (Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia). The data were then subjected to decision tree analysis, which generated a model based on 66 classification rules. The results of the present study showed that the model developed using data-mining rule-based classifiers is efficient for predicting a student's final course grade. In order to evaluate the accurate of the correctly classified instances;three different classification methods were tested, i.e., Bayes Net-D, naive Bayes, and J48. As a percentage of the correctly identified cases using the three separate algorithms, the overall accuracies of the evaluation results were 90.2439%, 87.8049% and 95.0617 % respectively. © 2021 Little Lion Scientific. All rights reserved.
Detecting Deception using Natural Language

A review of the area of machine learning approaches to deception detection is performed. Key datasets and approaches are laid out focusing mainly on the use of speech and text to detect deception. New experiments are performed on the Columbia-SRIColorado (CSC) corpus of deceptive speech. These look at features extracted from the transcription. A Random Forest classifier using 27 n-gram features classified at 65.9% accuracy, a vast improvement over previous results with comparable features. For further work a neural network using word embeddings for the transcription is proposed together with ways of incorporating acoustic and prosodic features and using speaker adaptation to improve results.
Two-temperature extension of the HTR solver for hypersonic turbulent flows in thermochemical nonequilibrium

The Hypersonics Task-Based Research (HTR) solver was originally developed for direct numerical simulations of canonical chemically-reacting compressible turbulent flows in vibrational equilibrium using high-order schemes for spatial discretization, together with both explicit and semi-implicit methods for time integration (Di Renzo et al. 2020; Di Renzo & Urzay 2021). This report describes an extension of HTR to compute hypersonic flows at conditions where the characteristic residence time is comparable to the vibrational and chemical relaxation times, thereby providing simulation capabilities for hypersonic flows in thermochemical nonequilibrium. One way of modeling thermochemical nonequilibrium is the consideration of two temperatures in the formulation, along with an appropriate coupling between dissociation chemistry and vibrational relaxation, as molecules at high vibrational energy levels are more prone to dissociate (Hammerling et al. 1959; Treanor & Marrone 1962; Marrone & Treanor 1963). In the two-temperature model considered in the present study, the first temperature T characterizes the translational and rotational energy modes of the gas molecules, while the second temperature Tve describes the extent of vibrational and electronic excitation. In the approach of Park (1990), which is followed here, the dissociation rate constants in air are evaluated at the geometric mean temperature √ TTve. The remainder of this report is structured as follows. A summary of the two-temperature formulation implemented in HTR is provided in Section 2. Relevant numerical aspects are discussed in Section 3. Numerical results from test cases are analyzed in Section 4. Lastly, conclusions are given in Section 5.