Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining multi-dimensional concept-drifting data streams using Bayesian network classifiers

In recent years, a plethora of approaches have been proposed to deal with the increasingly challenging task of mining concept-drifting data streams. However, most of these approaches can only be applied to uni-dimensional classification problems where each input instance has to be assigned to a single output class variable. The problem of mining multi-dimensional data streams, which includes multiple output class variables, is largely unexplored and only few streaming multi-dimensional approaches have been recently introduced. In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive method, named Locally Adaptive-MB-MBC (LA-MB-MBC), for mining streaming multi-dimensional data. To this end, we make use of multi-dimensional Bayesian network classifiers (MBCs) as models. Basically, LA-MB-MBC monitors the concept drift over time using the average log-likelihood score and the Page-Hinkley test. Then, if a concept drift is detected, LA-MB-MBC adapts the current MBC network locally around each changed node. An experimental study carried out using synthetic multi-dimensional data streams shows the merits of the proposed method in terms of concept drift detection as well as classification performance.
Early–middle Holocene ecological change and its influence on human subsistence strategies in the Luoyang Basin, north-central China

Abstract In north-central China, subsistence practices transitioned from hunting and gathering to millet-based agriculture between the early and middle Holocene. To better understand how ancient environmental changes influenced this shift in subsistence strategies and human activities at regional to local levels, we conducted palynological and lithologic analyses on radiocarbon-dated sediment cores from the Luoyang Basin, western Henan Province. Our palynological results suggest that vegetation shifted from broad-leaved deciduous forest (9230–8850 cal yr BP) to steppe-meadow vegetation (8850–7550 cal yr BP), and then to steppe with sparse trees (7550–6920 cal yr BP). Lithologic analyses also indicate that the stabilization of the Luoyang Basin’s floodplain after ~8370 cal yr BP might have attracted people to move into the basin, promoting the emergence of millet-based agriculture during the Peiligang culture period (8500–7000 cal yr BP). Once agricultural practices emerged, the climatic optimum after ~7550 cal yr BP likely facilitated the expansion of the Yangshao culture (7000–5000 cal yr BP) in north-central China. As agriculture intensified, pollen taxa related to human disturbance, such as Urtica, increased in abundance.
Probabilistic ensembles for improved inference in protein-structure determination

Protein X-ray crystallography -- the most popular method for determining protein structures -- remains a laborious process requiring a great deal of manual crystallographer effort to interpret low-quality protein images. Automating this process is critical in creating a high-throughput protein-structure determination pipeline. Previously, our group developed ACMI, a probabilistic framework for producing protein-structure models from electron-density maps produced via X-ray crystallography. ACMI uses a Markov Random Field to model the 3D location of each non-hydrogen atom in a protein. Calculating the best structure in this model is intractable, so ACMI uses approximate inference methods to estimate the optimal structure. While previous results have shown ACMI to be the state-of-the-art method on this task, its approximate inference algorithm remains computationally expensive and susceptible to errors. In this work, we develop Probabilistic Ensembles in ACMI (PEA), a framework for leveraging multiple, independent runs of approximate inference to produce estimates of protein structures. Our results show statistically significant improvements in the accuracy of inference resulting in more complete and accurate protein structures. In addition, PEA provides a general framework for advanced approximate inference methods in complex problem domains.
The 2016 Kaikōura Earthquake Revealed by Kinematic Source Inversion and Seismic Wavefield Simulations: Slow Rupture Propagation on a Geometrically Complex Crustal Fault Network

The 2016 Kaikōura (New Zealand) earthquake generated large ground motions and resulted in multiple onshore and offshore fault ruptures, a profusion of triggered landslides, and a regional tsunami. Here we examine the rupture evolution using two kinematic modeling techniques based on analysis of local strong‐motion and high‐rate GPS data. Our kinematic models capture a complex pattern of slowly (Vr < 2 km/s) propagating rupture from south to north, with over half of the moment release occurring in the northern source region, mostly on the Kekerengu fault, 60 s after the origin time. Both models indicate rupture reactivation on the Kekerengu fault with the time separation of ~11 s between the start of the original failure and start of the subsequent one. We further conclude that most near‐source waveforms can be explained by slip on the crustal faults, with little (<8%) or no contribution from the subduction interface.
Simulating earthquake scenarios in the European Project LESSLOSS: the case of the metropolitan area of Lisbon (MAL)

In the framework of the ongoing European project “LESSLOSS – Risk Mitigation for Earthquakes and Landslides” two sub-projects are devoted to earthquake disaster scenario predictions and loss modeling for urban areas and infrastructures. This poster is dealing with the sub-project 10, SP10, Task Programme “Scenario earthquake definitions for three cities”. Finite-fault seismological models are proposed to compute the earthquake scenarios for three urban areas – Istanbul (Turkey), Lisbon (Portugal) and Thessaloniki (Greece). For each case study, ground motion scenarios are developed for the most probable two events with different return periods, locations and magnitudes derived from historical and geological data. In this poster only the case study of Lisbon will be presented. We simulate the accelerometric time series and response spectra for high frequency ground motion in the city of Lisbon and surrounding counties (Metropolitan Area of Lisbon), using two possible earthquake models: the inland source area of Lower Tagus Valley, M 5.7 (4.7) and a hypothesis of the offshore source area of the 1755 Lisbon, M 7.6. The non-stationary stochastic method RSSIM (Carvalho et al. 2004) and a new hybrid stochasticdeterministic approach, DSM (Pacor et al., 2005) are used in order to evaluate the ground shaking and to characterize its spatial variability. Then the site effects are evaluated by means of an equivalent stochastic non-linear one-dimensional ground response analysis of stratified soil profile units properly designed. Results are here presented and discussed in terms of PGA maps, for offshore and inland scenarios. The seismic risk of the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon The seismic risk of the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon derives partly from offshore sources that cause large events, such as that which caused the catastrophic 1755 disaster, and was damaging over a very wide area; and partly from local sources that cause moderate earthquakes situated in or near the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon (MAL), such as the 1909 Benavente earthquake, which was locally destructive (see Figure 1). In the last decade of the XX century, MAL region suffered an intense construction rate; however, 27.3% of the existing buildings were constructed before the first Portuguese seismic code, enforce since 1960, and looking at Lisbon town this percentage raises to 63.9% (Campos Costa et al, 2002). The used inland and offshore seismic sources respect to the MAL Figure 2. (from Zonno et al., 2005) Left: geometry of the offshore MPTF Marques Pombal Thrust Fault M 7.6 respect to the MAL (black box). Right: the 276 MAL parishes (black dots) and the 5 testparishes points S021, S268, S250, S137 and S174. The assumed inland source LTVF Lower Tagus Valley Fault M 5.7 is shown on the centre. We can see the different nucleation points of the fault LTVF M5.7 in Figure 4.
Synthesis of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 by rat brain macrophages in vitro

Cultured microglial cells were examined for their ability to metabolize 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 (25‐(OH) D3). Upon exposure to lipopolysaccharide, microglial cells produced a vitamin D metabolite which comigrated with synthetic 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25‐(OH)2D3) in two different systems of high performance liquid chromatography. This metabolite had the same affinity as synthetic 1,25‐(OH)2D3 for the chick intestinal 1,25‐(OH)2D3 receptor. Lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated microglial cells incubated with 3 nM of 25‐(OH) D3 synthesized up to 5.76 fmol 1,25‐(OH)2D3/8 × 105 cells/2 hr. Microglial cells stimulated for 48 hr with interferon‐γ also produced a significant amount of 1,25‐(OH)2D3 (4.17 fmol/8 × 105 cells/2 hr). In contrast, levels of 1,25‐(OH)2D3 produced by resting microglial cells were barely detectable. It is concluded that activated brain macrophages may be committed to synthesize 1,25‐(OH)2D3 in vitro. This raises the possibility that activation of microglial cells in vivo may be followed by an increase in the level of 1,25‐(OH)2D3 in the central nervous system (CNS). These results support the emerging concept that the brain constitutes a target tissue for vitamin D metabolites. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trend in the Co‐Occurrence of Extreme Daily Rainfall in West Africa Since 1950

We propose in this paper a statistical framework to study the evolution of the co‐occurrence of extreme daily rainfall in West Africa since 1950. We consider two regions subject to contrasted rainfall regimes: Senegal and the central Sahel. We study the likelihood of the 3% largest daily rainfall (considering all days) in each region to occur simultaneously and, in a 20 year moving window approach, how this likelihood has evolved with time. Our method uses an anisotropic max‐stable process allowing us to properly represent the co‐occurrence of daily extremes and including the possibility of a preferred direction of co‐occurrence. In Senegal, a change is found in the 1980s, with preferred co‐occurrence along the E‐50‐N direction (i.e., along azimuth 50°) before the 1980s and weaker isotropic co‐occurrence afterward. In central Sahel, a change is also found in the 1980s but surprisingly with contrasting results. Anisotropy along the E‐W direction is found over the whole period, with greater extension after the 1980s. The paper discusses how the co‐occurrence of extremes can provide a qualitative indicator on change in size and propagation of the strongest storms. This calls for further research to identify the atmospheric processes responsible for such contrasted changes in storm properties.
Numerical modeling of behavior of cancer cells after electroporation

One of the approaches that could be used for cancer treatment is electroporation. This is a relatively new technique and thus its effect on various cancer cell types should be analyzed in detail. In this paper numerical simulations are used, in order to model the behavior of cells after electroporation. Fitting procedure was used for estimation of the parameters of the computer model. This model enables continuous tracking of changes in cell viability and provides some quantitative information about the effect of electric field (change in proliferation and death rate, oxygen consumption etc.). The accuracy of the model is validated using experimental data.
Inter-firm trust: two theoretical dimensions versus a global measure

Trust is an essential construct of actor bonds in the IMP framework (Hakansson and Snehota 1995), and is also known to be important for inter-firm relationships (Hakansson and Snehota 1995; Morgan and Hunt 1994). Trust has been conceptualised as a multi-dimensional construct in previous business-tobusiness research, with the two dominant theoretical dimensions of benevolence or goodwill on the one hand (Ring and Van de Ven 1992) and confidence, credibility or predictability that a partner may be relied upon, on the other (Anderson and Weitz 1989). These theoretical dimensions are recognised in early inter-firm research by Schurr and Ozanne (1985) who used the inter-personal definition of trust developed by Blau (1964) and Rotter (1967). However, some doubt has arisen as to whether these theoretical dimensions exist, with Doney and Canon (1997) finding that they could not discriminate empirically between the dimensions of benevolence and credibility. In addition, most papers have resorted to a global operationalization of trust, so discounting the question of dimensionality. After a review of some elements of trust and its measurement in the inter-firm literature, this paper presents empirical evidence that trust can be treated as a global measure for inter-firm research. This evidence is based on a survey of 83 principals and distributor/agent firms from Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia and Singapore. All firms were involved in the business applications computer software industry, where development of trust is a key element of successful inter-firm interaction. The paper concludes by discussing the implications for future inter-firm research and theory development on trust formation.
Speech enhancement using auditory phase opponency model

In this work we address the problem of single-channel speech enhancement when the speech is corrupted by additive noise. The model presented here, called the Modified Phase Opponency (MPO) model, is based on the auditory PO model, proposed by Carney et. al., for detection of tones in noise. The PO model includes a physiologically realistic mechanism for processing the information in neural discharge times and exploits the frequency-dependent phase properties of the tuned filters in the auditory periphery by using a cross-auditory-nerve-fiber coincidence detection for extracting temporal cues. Initial evaluation of the MPO model on speech corrupted by white noise at different SNRs shows that the MPO model is able to enhance the spectral peaks while suppressing the noise-only regions.
Experimental and Clinical Use of Therapeutic Hypothermia for Ischemic Stroke: Opportunities and Limitations

Stroke remains a disease with a serious impact on quality of life but few effective treatments exist. There is an urgent need to develop and/or improve neuroprotective strategies to combat this. Many drugs proven to be neuroprotective in experimental models fail to improve patient outcome in a clinical setting. An emerging treatment, therapeutic hypothermia (TH), is a promising neuroprotective therapy in stroke management. Several studies with TH in experimental models and small clinical trials have shown beneficial effects. Despite this, implementation into the clinical setting is still lacking due to methodological considerations as well as hypothermia-related complications. This paper discusses the possible opportunities and limitations of the use of TH in animal models and the translation into the clinic.
Utilizing Slice Scan and Selective Hash for Episode Mining

In this paper, we propose the techniques of slice scan and selective hash for episode mining. Mining episodes means the discovery of frequent episodes among events that occur relatively close to each other in a time series. Intuitively, this process could be done iteratively in the sense that the frequent episodes discovered in one iteration will be used as the basis to generate the candidate set for the next iteration. However, this approach su®ers from two problems due to the existence of reoccurrence phenomenon in episode mining. First, determining frequent episodes from a huge number of candidate episodes is extremely costly. Second, the length of a part of episodes could be very long so that an excessive number of database scans are required. Note that similar problems also exist in the Apriori-based algorithms. However, the reoccurrence phenomenon in episode mining not only aggravates these problems but also in essence causes prior methods devised for Apriori-based algorithms to deal with these problems not applicable to the episode mining. To address this issue, we devise the techniques of slice scan and selective hash in light of the reoccurrence phenomenon, and develop an algorithm, called algorithm SH (Slice scan and selective Hash), for mining serial and parallel episodes e± ciently. We conduct several experiments on a set of real telecommunication alarm data for performance studies. It is shown by our experimental results that by utilizing the slice scan and selective hash techniques, algorithm SH not only incurs an execution time that is signi ̄cantly smaller than that by prior work but also leads to results of good quality.
Dynamics of Output Growth , Consumption and Physical Capital in Two-Sector Models of Endogenous Growth by

The paper examines several outstanding issues on the interface between the measurement of performance in primary and secondary education and the management of improved performance in this nationally important sector. These issues relate to the clarification of the objectives of the education system, the impact of performance reward systems, such as Performance Related Pay, the role of resources in influencing educational outcomes, the reliability of existing methods of assessing educational performance, such as Data Envelopment Analysis and multivariate regression, and the need for an improved national comparative database if progress is to be made in several of these directions.
A performance evaluation of a new bitmap-based XML processing approach over RDBMS

This paper presents a comprehensive performance analysis of PACD; a novel bitmap-based XML processing approach introduced earlier to resolve several performance issues identified in existing XML database technology. The study evaluated three performance aspects of XML database techniques including query processing, XML updates and scalability. Each of these aspects has been tested using various measures and compared with some representative alternative approaches. Despite its narrow domain for the order-access queries and its high cost in terms of the number IO-read operations, PACD almost performed well in terms of query processing, resource consumption during XML updates and has shown acceptable scalability over a variety of XML database categories.
Aggresome formation by anti-Ras intracellular scFv fragments. The fate of the antigen-antibody complex.

Diverting the antigen from its normal intracellular location to other compartments in an antibody-mediated way represents a mode of action for intracellular antibodies [Cardinale, A. , Lener, M. , Messina, S. , Cattaneo, A. & Biocca, S. (1998) FEBS Lett. , 439, 197-202; Lener, M. , Horn, I.R. , Cardinale, A. , Messina, S. , Nielsen, U.B. , Rybak, S.M. , Hoogenboom, H.R. , Cattaneo, A. & Biocca, S. (2000) Eur J Biochem. 267, 1196-205]. In the case of p21Ras, the sequestration of the antigen in aggregated structures in the cytoplasm of transfected cells leads to the inhibition of its biological function. We have further investigated the intracellular fate of the antigen-antibody complex by analyzing the effect of proteasome inhibitors on the formation and the intracellular localization of the aggregates. Overexpression of anti-Ras scFv fragments or inhibition of proteasomes activity leads to the formation of large perinuclear aggresomes formed of ubiquitinated-scFv fragments in which p21Ras is sequestered and degraded in an antibody-mediated way. Disruption of microtubules by nocodazole completely abrogates the accumulation of scFv fragments in a single aggresome and induces the dispersion of these structures in the periphery of the cell. Cotransfection of the GFP-scFv with a myc-tagged ubiquitin and colocalization with specific anti-proteasome antibodies indicate the recruitment of exogenous ubiquitin and proteasomes to the newly formed aggresomes. Taken together these results suggest that the intracellular antigen-antibody complex is naturally addressed to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and that the mechanism of ubiquitination does not inhibit the antibody binding properties and the capacity to block the antigen function.
Leishmania Infection Impairs β1-Integrin Function and Chemokine Receptor Expression in Mononuclear Phagocytes

ABSTRACT Leishmania spp. are intracellular parasites that cause lesions in the skin, mucosa, and viscera. We have previously shown that Leishmania infection reduces mononuclear phagocyte adhesion to inflamed connective tissue. In this study, we examined the role of adhesion molecules and chemokines in this process. Infection rate (r = −0.826, P = 0.003) and parasite burden (r = −0.917, P = 0.028) negatively correlated to mouse phagocyte adhesion. The decrease (58.7 to 75.0% inhibition, P = 0.005) in phagocyte adhesion to connective tissue, induced by Leishmania, occurred as early as 2 h after infection and was maintained for at least 24 h. Interestingly, impairment of cell adhesion was sustained by phagocyte infection, since it was not observed following phagocytosis of killed parasites (cell adhesion varied from 15.2% below to 24.0% above control levels, P > 0.05). In addition, Leishmania infection diminished cell adhesion to fibronectin (54.1 to 96.2%, P < 0.01), collagen (15.7 to 83.7%, P < 0.05), and laminin (59.1 to 82.2%, P < 0.05). The CD11bhi subpopulation was highly infected (49.6 to 97.3%). Calcium and Mg2+ replacement by Mn2+, a treatment that is known to induce integrins to a high state of affinity for their receptors, reverted the inhibition in adhesion caused by Leishmania. This reversion was completely blocked by anti-VLA4 antibodies. Furthermore, expression of CCR4 and CCR5, two chemokine receptors implicated in cell adhesion, was found to be downregulated 16 h after infection (2.8 to 4.1 times and 1.9 to 2.8 times, respectively). Together, these results suggest that mechanisms regulating integrin function are implicated in the change of macrophage adhesion in leishmaniasis.
VECTOR CONTROL OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR BASED ON SLIDING MODE VARIABLE STRUCTURE CONTROL

To solve the problem existed in the traditional PI controller robustness and chattering problem, this paper proposes a control strategy of synchronous structure, The sliding mode control based on a novel reaching law is investigated in this paper, and this control is verified in permanent magnet synchronous vector control system. nstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the method, theoretical analysis, The result of simulations show that the proposed sliding mode can achieve accurate speed control, simulation results show the better robustness and satisfactory dynamic and static performance. Compared with the traditional sliding mode controller, the proposed sliding mode has better tracing performance.