Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sly-miR398 Participates in Cadmium Stress Acclimation by Regulating Antioxidant System and Cadmium Transport in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is one of the major threats in agricultural production, and can cause oxidative damage and growth limitation in plants. MicroRNA398 (miR398) is involved in plant resistance to different stresses, and the post-transcriptional regulation of miR398 on CSDs plays a key role. Here, we report that miR398 was down-regulated in tomato in response to Cd stress. Simultaneously, CSD1 and SOD were up-regulated, with CSD2 unchanged, suggesting CSD1 is involved in miR398-induced regulation under Cd stress. In addition, the role of miR398 in Cd tolerance in tomato was evaluated using a transgenic line overexpressing MIR398 (miR398#OE) in which the down-expression of miR398 was disrupted. The results showed that Cd stress induced more significant growth inhibition, oxidative damage, and antioxidant enzymes disorder in miR398#OE than that in wild type (WT). Moreover, higher Cd concentration in the shoot and xylem sap, and net Cd influx rate, were observed in miR398#OE, which could be due to the increased Cd uptake genes (IRT1, IRT2, and NRAMP2) and decreased Cd compartmentalization gene HMA3. Overall, our results indicate that down-regulated miR398 plays a protective role in tomato against Cd stress by modulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and Cd uptake and translocation.
Error concealment technique using projection data for block-based image coding

A new error concealment technique for block-based image coding, like JPEG or MPEG, is described in this paper. We propose a projective interpolation scheme, which is based on the fact that a 2D image object can be well reconstructed by its projection data. In our projective interpolation scheme, the projection data and the interpolation direction are estimated using boundary pixels surrounding a missing block and then the missing block is interpolated by using bilinear reconstruction. Also, the edge pattern of the missing block is examined and utilized with the projective interpolation scheme so as to guarantee the continuity of edge. The proposed algorithm reveals superior subjective quality as well as objective quality to the conventional schemes. The improvement in subjective quality is mainly due to the fact that edges are well preserved and that blocking artifacts are negligible. The proposed algorithm is expected to be useful for the error resilience scheme in any type of block-based image processing and will be applicable to various image coding schemes.
Sustainability in the Ministry of Alma Halse

Scholarly research on the ministry of early Pentecostal women in Norway, are scarce. However, historical sources from the first half of the 20th century, bear witness to several prominent women ministers who spread the gospel all over Norway. Alma Halse (1907-1969) was one of those evangelists, who also pioneered a large social work in the north of Norway. What makes a woman rise, take on leadership, huge financial and physical risks during war and grate turbulence? Through her resilient leadership Alma Halse answered the needs and the challenges of her day. What qualities from Alma Halse’s ministry might shed light on today’s urge for sustainable leadership? Will the accounts of her life, help us respond to the arising challenge of equipping leaders with adequate skills for attaining wise and sustainable leadership? The aim of this paper is to explore literary and audible accounts of Alma Halse’s ministry, and more currant leadership literature to deliberate the questions raised above. This paper will argue that the virtues she exposed, nurtured by her faith and devotion to God, manifest the gist of what might be identify as wise and sustainable leadership. The paper will confer with autobiographies, books, newspaper articles and a tv-interview with Alma Halse, as well as leadership literature that explores the entities of such leadership. Pentecostal spirituality and issues of gender equality also ads insight to the context of Alma Halse and will therefore be considered.
A Landscape of the Genomic Structure of Cryptococcus neoformans in Colombian Isolates

Cryptococcus neoformans species complexes are recognized as environmental fungi responsible for lethal meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised individuals. Despite the vast knowledge about the epidemiology and genetic diversity of this fungus in different regions of the world, more studies are necessary to comprehend the genomic profiles across South America, including Colombia, considered to be the second country with the highest number of Cryptococcosis. Here, we sequenced and analyzed the genomic architecture of 29 Colombian C. neoformans isolates and evaluated the phylogenetic relationship of these strains with publicly available C. neoformans genomes. The phylogenomic analysis showed that 97% of the isolates belonged to the VNI molecular type and the presence of sub-lineages and sub-clades. We evidenced a karyotype without changes, a low number of genes with copy number variations, and a moderate number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Additionally, a difference in the number of SNPs between the sub-lineages/sub-clades was observed; some were involved in crucial fungi biological processes. Our study demonstrated the intraspecific divergence of C. neoformans in Colombia. These findings provide evidence that Colombian C. neoformans isolates do not probably require significant structural changes as adaptation mechanisms to the host. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the whole genome sequence of Colombian C. neoformans isolates.
Measurement of the L/E distributions of atmospheric ν in Soudan 2 and their interpretation as neutrino oscillations

A deficit of atmospheric ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ events, consistent with the hypothesis of neutrino oscillations, is observed in the 5.90 kiloton-year fiducial exposure of the Soudan 2 detector. An unbinned maximum likelihood analysis of the neutrino $L/E$ distribution has been carried out using the Feldman-Cousins prescription. The probability of the no oscillation hypothesis is $5.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}. $ The 90% confidence allowed region in the ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}2\ensuremath{\theta},\ensuremath{\Delta}{m}^{2}$ plane is presented. The region includes the 90% confidence allowed region of the Super-K experiment.
Does the dynamics between government bond and equity markets validate the adaptive market hypothesis? evidence from transfer entropy

ABSTRACT The study applies the effective transfer entropy (ETE) and Renyi transfer entropy (RTE) to quantify the information flow between government bonds and equity market of G7 countries. The magnitude and direction of information flow between these two markets are dynamic across the state of the markets and time thus confirming their adaptiveness to the evolution of cross-market information flow under different market conditions over time. Although information flow from the equity dominates the flow from the bond market, it is dynamic over the time and state of the markets. However, during the period of market turbulence, the bond dominates the equity market. This study is the first of its kind to validate the adaptive market hypothesis using the novel transfer entropy framework in the bond and equity market.
A cocktail party effect in the median plane

Recent research has been conducted on the effects of spatialized audio on a listener’s ability to detect and identify a target speech signal when presented among nontarget speech signals in the horizontal plane [W. T. Nelson et al., Proceedings of the 1998 IMAGE Conference (1998), pp. 159–166]. However, the existence of a ‘‘cocktail party effect’’ in the median plane has not been addressed. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether or not the spatial separation of multiple simultaneous speech sources in the median plane leads to improved detection and intelligibility. Independent variables include the number and angular separation of the speech signals, the sex of the target talker, and the presence or absence of head motion cues. All speech signals—phrases from a modified Coordinate Response Measure [T. J. Moore, AGARD Conference Proceedings 311: Aural Communication in Aviation (1981), pp. 2.1–2.6]—were digitally filtered via nonindividualized HRTFs and presented over headphones.
The effect of comorbid factors and amputation level on mortality in geriatric patients with diabetic foot

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors that influenced one-year and five-year mortality and to compare major and minor amputations in diabetic patients with comorbidities. Patients and methods Between February 2008 and November 2014, a total of 201 type 2 diabetic foot patients (147 males, 54 females; median age: 65.99 years; range, 50 to 92 years) who underwent amputation were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to their initial amputation level: Group 1 (n=100), minor amputation group, which included the distal region of the ankle joint and Group 2 (n=101), major amputation group, which included trans-tibial amputation, trans-femoral amputation and hip disarticulation. Clinical data including patients' demographic features, re-amputation degree, length of hospitalization, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, comorbidities, blood parameters, and survival rates were recorded. Results The regression analysis of one-year mortality found that the presence of cerebrovascular disease increased death by 2.463 times (p=0.002). Minor amputation increased mortality by 2.284 (p=0.006), and each unit increase in patient age increased mortality by 1.05 (p=0.008). Chronic renal failure increased death by 3.164 times (p<0.001) in the five-year mortality regression analysis. Conclusion Minor amputations have an effect on one-year mortality, as do cerebrovascular disease and age. On the other hand, chronic renal failure has a negative impact on five-year mortality. Minor amputations may have a detrimental effect on mortality due to the ongoing progression of diabetic foot disease and the involvement of comorbidities. Comorbidities associated with amputations of the diabetic foot have a significant impact on mortality.
Consistency of maximum likelihood estimators in a large class of deconvolution models

We consider the maximum likelihood estimator $\hat{F}_n$ of a distribution function in a class of deconvolution models where the known density of the noise variable is of bounded variation. This class of noise densities contains in particular bounded, decreasing densities. The estimator $\hat{F}_n$ is defined, characterized in terms of Fenchel optimality conditions and computed. Under appropriate conditions, various consistency results for $\hat{F}_n$ are derived, including uniform strong consistency. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 41: 98–110; 2013 © 2012 Statistical Society of Canada
Fabric Wrinkle Objective Evaluation Model with Random Vector Function Link Based on Optimized Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm

ABSTRACT With the more and more amelioration of our quality of life, our needs for clothing have altered from having clothes to wearing good-looking, among which the wrinkle resistance of clothing fabric owns a giant effect on the beauty of clothing. Nowadays, artificial subjective evaluation is mainly used to evaluate the wrinkle grade of garment fabrics in the textile industry. This evaluation method owns the shortcoming of poor accuracy, being time-consuming and poor objectivity. For solving this problem, it is very important to put forward an objective evaluation model of fabric wrinkle grade. In this paper, we proposed a fabric wrinkle objective evaluation model with the optimized random vector functional link. The model applies DarkNet19 deep neural network to abstract the high-order visual features of the wrinkled surface image of the fabric, uses the improved artificial hummingbird optimization algorithm to ameliorate the import bias and weight of the random vector function link’s hidden layer, and uses norm regularization computes output weights for random vector function links. The relative tests reveal that the objective evaluation model of fabric wrinkles put forward in this paper has excellent performance.
A comparative study of digital nerve and digital arterial repairs performed using running versus interrupted suture techniques in finger replantations

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to retrospectively analyze replantations and compared the success rates of different suturing techniques. METHODS: The data of 54 patients who underwent 82 finger replantations between January 2016 and April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who underwent traumatic total finger amputations were included in the study. Arteries were repaired with two techniques, the simple running suture technique and the simple interrupted suture technique. Demographic patient data, comorbidities, operative data, post-operative care, the length of hospital stay, mechanism of injury, and site of injury were recorded. The groups were statistically analyzed. Functional outcomes were evaluated according to the Quick DASH score. RESULTS: A total 54 patients with a mean age of 32.5±18.4 (range 1–75) who underwent finger replantation were included in the study. The mean duration of follow-up was 30.9±16.1 months. The mechanism of injury was guillotine-style injury in 29 (35.4%) fingers, avulsion injury in 15 (18.3%) fingers, and crush injury in 38 (46.3%) fingers. Forty-six fingers were repaired using a simple running suture technique, and 36 fingers were repaired using a simple interrupted suture technique. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of failure between the suture techniques (p=0.569). Further, although there was no statistically significant difference in Quick DASH scores according to the type of trauma in the simple running suture technique group (p=0.109), a comparison could not be made within simple interrupted suture technique group because of the small sample size. There was no statistically significant difference in failure rates between cases with an ischemia duration of <6 h and those with ischemia duration of 6–12 h (p>0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups according to age, body mass index, arterial hypertension, or diabetes mellitus (p>0.05). Statistically significant differences were found in univariate analysis according to surgery time per digit, smokers, or vein repair (p<0.05). In total, 65 (79.3%) out of 82 finger replantations were successful. A total of 17 out of 30 fingers that could not undergo venous repair survived because of treatment with medicinal leeches. CONCLUSION: Finger replantation is a difficult-to-perform surgical procedure requiring consideration of the surgical indications and the presence of an experienced surgical team. Regardless of the suture technique in finger amputations, performing venous anastomosis after arterial anastomosis is essential to restore circulation.
Frustrated total internal reflection: A demonstration and review

Frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) has been studied since the time of Newton and Fresnel. We review its history and applications in modern optics. A simple theoretical description of the phenomenon is presented using Maxwell’s equations. The analogy (often made in textbooks) between FTIR and quantum mechanical tunneling in one dimension is discussed. A simple experimental apparatus, suitable for a laboratory demonstration, is described and a quantitative comparison of the theory with experiment is made at optical wavelengths. A He–Ne laser, power meter, and a simply constructed double‐prism arrangement are used for the demonstration.
Medications for the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence—Current State of Knowledge and Future Perspectives from a Public Health Perspective

No single effective therapy for alcohol abuse has been found, despite it being a serious sociological and economic problem for hundreds of years. It seems difficult to find a single drug as a panacea for the alcohol problem due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence. The purpose of this narrative review is to review existing and potentially future pharmaceuticals for the treatment of alcohol dependence in the most affordable way possible. Psychotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for alcoholism, while few drugs approved by legislators are available in the augmentation of this treatment, such as acamprosate, disulfiram, and naltrexone, approved by the FDA, and nalmefene by the EMA. There are recent reports in the literature on the possibility of using baclofen, topiramate, varenicline, and gabapentin in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Moreover, the results of recent clinical trials using psychoactive substances such as psilocybin and MDMA appear to be a breakthrough in the modern treatment of alcohol abuse. Despite this initial optimism, a lot of scientific effort is still needed before new pharmacological methods supporting the treatment of alcohol dependence syndrome will be widely available.
Stromal POSTN Enhances Motility of Both Cancer and Stromal Cells and Predicts Poor Survival in Colorectal Cancer

Simple Summary Evidence for the tumor-supporting capacities of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) has rapidly been accumulating. The present study revealed that patients with stromal periostin (POSTN)-positive colorectal cancer (CRC) with peritoneal and distant organ metastasis had a significantly worse 5-year survival rate. Furthermore, significant associations between stromal POSTN and complete loss of p53 were identified. POSTN was also associated with decorin and fibroblast-activation protein expression, indicating gene expression status and/or phenotypes similar to CAF-A. POSTN significantly enhanced the migration of both CRC cells and fibroblasts with FAK, AKT, or STAT3 activation. Co-culture assays demonstrated communication between CRC cells and fibroblasts, enhancing STAT3 and phospho-STAT3 expression in fibroblasts. On the basis of our experiments, we speculated that stromal POSTN accelerated metastasis via enhanced stromal remodeling capacity and activated migration of both tumor and stromal cells. POSTN-modulating therapies may be candidate treatments for patients with CRC. Abstract Evidence for the tumor-supporting capacities of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) has rapidly been accumulating. To uncover clinicopathological importance of periostin (POSTN) expression in colorectal cancer (CRC), the present study immunohistochemically examined its expression status. Furthermore, to reveal its mechanisms involved, molecular experiments were performed. In CRC tissues, 44% of the cases (119/269) exhibited POSTN expression in the CAFs. In contrast, CRC cells expressed POSTN at almost undetectable levels. Survival analyses identified that patients with POSTN-positive CRC had a significantly worse 5-year survival rate (63.2% vs. 81.2%; p = 0.011). Univariate analyses revealed that POSTN positivity was associated with peritoneal (p = 0.0031) and distant organ metastasis (p < 0.001). Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses identified a significant association between POSTN and p53 complete loss status in CRC cells. Decorin and fibroblast activation protein expression in CAFs was also associated with POSTN. POSTN significantly enhanced the migration of both CRC cells and fibroblasts with FAK and AKT or STAT3 activation, and co-culture assays demonstrated the communication between CRC cells and fibroblasts, which enhanced STAT3 activation in fibroblasts. On the basis of our results, we speculated that stromal POSTN accelerated metastasis via stromal remodeling capacity and activated the migration of both tumor and stromal cells.
Development of a Clinical Score to Stratify the Risk for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Bacteremia in Patients with Cancer and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Identifying the risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) bacteremia in cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients would allow earlier initiation of an appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment. This is a prospective multicenter observational study in patients from 12 centers in Argentina, who presented with cancer or hematopoietic stem-cell transplant and developed Enterobacterales bacteremia. A multiple logistic regression model identified risk factors for CRE bacteremia, and a score was developed according to the regression coefficient. This was validated by the bootstrap resampling technique. Four hundred and forty-three patients with Enterobacterales bacteremia were included: 59 with CRE and 384 with carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacterales (CSE). The risk factors that were identified and the points assigned to each of them were: ≥10 days of hospitalization until bacteremia: OR 4.03, 95% CI 1.88–8.66 (2 points); previous antibiotics > 7 days: OR 4.65, 95% CI 2.29–9.46 (2 points); current colonization with KPC-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales: 33.08, 95% CI 11.74–93.25 (5 points). With a cut-off of 7 points, a sensitivity of 35.59%, specificity of 98.43%, PPV of 77.7%, and NPV of 90.9% were obtained. The overall performance of the score was satisfactory (AUROC of 0.85, 95% CI 0.80–0.91). Finally, the post-test probability of CRE occurrence in patients with none of the risk factors was 1.9%, which would virtually rule out the presence of CRE bacteremia.
DIRECTIONAL TIME–FREQUENCY ANALYSIS VIA CONTINUOUS FRAMES

Grafakos and Sansing [‘Gabor frames and directional time–frequency analysis’, Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal.25 (2008), 47–67] have shown how to obtain directionally sensitive time–frequency decompositions in $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ based on Gabor systems in $L^{2}(\mathbb{R})$. The key tool is the ‘ridge idea’, which lifts a function of one variable to a function of several variables. We generalise their result in two steps: first by showing that similar results hold starting with general frames for $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}),$ in the settings of both discrete frames and continuous frames, and second by extending the representations to Sobolev spaces. The first step allows us to apply the theory to several other classes of frames, for example wavelet frames and shift-invariant systems, and the second one significantly extends the class of examples and applications. We consider applications to the Meyer wavelet and complex B-splines. In the special case of wavelet systems we show how to discretise the representations using ${\it\epsilon}$-nets.
Atmospheric Motion Vectors from Model Simulations. Part II: Interpretation as Spatial and Vertical Averages of Wind and Role of Clouds

AbstractThis is the second part of a two-part paper whose main objective is to improve the characterization of atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) and their errors to guide developments in the use of AMVs in numerical weather prediction (NWP). AMVs tend to exhibit considerable systematic and random errors. These errors can arise in the AMV derivation or the interpretation of AMVs as single-level point estimates of wind. An important difficulty in the study of AMV errors is the scarcity of collocated observations of clouds and wind. The study uses instead a simulation framework: geostationary imagery for Meteorological Satellite-8 (Meteosat-8) is generated from a high-resolution simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting regional model, and AMVs are derived from sequences of these simulated images. The NWP model provides the “truth” with a sophisticated description of the atmosphere. This second part focuses on alternative interpretations of AMVs. The key results are 1) that interpreting the AMVs a.