Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Normal approximations for distributions arising in the stochastic approach to chemical reaction kinetics

Earlier stochastic analyses of chemical reactions have provided formal solutions which are unsuitable for most purposes in that they are expressed in terms of complex algebraic functions. Normal approximations are derived here for solutions to a variety of reactions. Using these, it is possible to investigate the level at which the classical deterministic solutions become inadequate. This is important in fields such as radioimmunoassay.
Sex-dependent association analysis between serum uric acid and spontaneous hemorrhagic transformation in patients with ischemic stroke

Objective The association between serum uric acid (UA) and spontaneous hemorrhagic transformation (HT) has been seldom studied, and the role of UA in spontaneous HT remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the sex-dependent association between UA and spontaneous HT in patients with ischemic stroke. Method We retrospectively included patients with ischemic stroke in a tertiary academic hospital between December 2016 and May 2020. Patients were included if they presented within 24 h after the onset of symptoms and did not receive reperfusion therapy. Spontaneous HT was determined by an independent evaluation of neuroimaging by three trained neurologists who were blinded to clinical data. A univariate analysis was performed to identify factors related to spontaneous HT. Four logistic regression models were established to adjust each factor and assess the association between UA and spontaneous HT. Results A total of 769 patients were enrolled (64.6% were male patients and 3.9% had HT). After adjusting the confounders with a P < 0.05 (model A) in the univariate analysis, the ratio of UA and its interquartile range (RUI) was independently associated with spontaneous HT in male patients (OR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.07–3.19; P = 0.028), but not in female patients (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.28–6.82; P = 0.685). In models B–D, the results remain consistent with model A after the adjustment for other potential confounders. Conclusions Higher serum UA was independently associated with a higher occurrence of spontaneous HT in male patients who were admitted within 24 h after the stroke onset without receiving reperfusion therapy.
Sorrel ( Hibiscus sabdariffa ) Seed Oil Extraction Optimization and Quality Characterization

Aims: This study was aimed at separating seed oil from sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa ) oilseeds using application of solvent extraction method. The process was optimized using response surface methodology and the quality of the seed oil was determined. Methodology: Optimization of oil extraction from the oilseeds using response surface methodology was carried out. The effects of three independent factors (extraction time, solvent volume and sample weight) and their respective interactions on the response, oil yield, were investigated. A total of 17 experimental runs were generated using BoxBehnken design. The extracted seed oil was characterized to determine its quality. Results: A quadratic polynomial was obtained to predict the oil yield and the ANOVA test showed the developed model to be significant ( P < 0.05). A statistical model predicted the maximum seed oil yield to be 18.25% at the optimal condition of sample weight, 22g, solvent volume, 157 ml and time, 2 h. The optimized condition was validated with the actual oil yield of 17.85%, which was well within the range predicted. The seed oil analysis showed the physical state of the oil to be liquid/yellow-greenish in colour, specific gravity 0.886 ± 0.026, viscosity (at 40oC) 15.40 cP, p-anisidine value 6.31, Totox number 16.31, %FFA 0.40 ± 0.01, acid value 0.80 ± 0.01 mg KOH.g oil
Dissociative Recombination of D3S+: Product Branching Fractions and Absolute Cross Sections

The dissociative recombination (DR) of D3S+ has been studied at the heavy ion storage ring CRYRING. The absolute DR cross sections have been measured over the interaction energy range between ~0 and 0.1 eV, and the energy-dependent cross section obtained is best fitted by the expression σ (E) = (1.3 ± 0.3) × 10−16E−1.36 ± 0.04 cm2. From the cross section the thermal rate coefficient has been deduced to be (2.8 ± 0.7) × 10−7(T/300)−0.86 ± 0.03 cm3 s−1. The branching fractions in the reaction have been measured at ~0 eV collision energy. The break-up into D2S+D occurs with a probability of only 0.17 ± 0.08, whereas the three-body channel DS+2D dominates with a probability of 0.58 ± 0.11. The remaining channels DS+D2 and S+D2+D contribute with 0.15 ± 0.07 and 0.10 ± 0.06, respectively. The impact of these results on the sulfur chemistry and deuterium fractionation in dark molecular clouds was investigated through chemical kinetic models. With these data, the calculated fractional abundance of H2S is lower than observed in TMC-1, which supports the assertion that H2S is formed on grain surfaces and not through gas-phase reactions.
Microwave propagation in graphene

We report on measurements and modeling of microwave propagation in graphene. In deep contrast with carbon nanotubes, which display very high impedances in the microwave range, planar waveguides patterned directly on graphene display a 50 Ω impedance, which is tuned slightly by an applied dc. The high values of kinetic impedance in carbon nanotubes were not observed in graphene.
Derivatives of L-Ascorbic Acid in Emulgel: Development and Comprehensive Evaluation of the Topical Delivery System

The dual controlled release of emulgels makes them efficient drug delivery systems of increasing interest. The framework of this study was to incorporate selected L-ascorbic acid derivatives into emulgels. From the formulated emulgels, the release profiles of actives were evaluated considering their different polarities and concentrations, and consequently their effectiveness on the skin via a long-term in vivo study that lasted for 30 days was determined. Skin effects were assessed by measuring the electrical capacitance of the stratum corneum (EC), trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin index (MI) and skin pH. In addition, the sensory and textural properties of emulgel formulations were compared with each other. The changes in the rate of the release of the L-ascorbic acid derivatives were monitored using the Franz diffusion cells. The obtained data were statistically significant, and indicated an increase in the degree of hydration of the skin and skin whitening potential, while no significant changes in TEWL and pH values were detected. The consistency, firmness and stickiness of the emulgels were estimated by volunteers applying the established sensory evaluation protocol. In addition, it was revealed that the difference in hydrophilic/lipophilic properties of L-ascorbic acid derivatives influenced their release profiles without changing their textural characteristics. Therefore, this study highlighted emulgels as L-ascorbic acid suitable carrier systems and one of the promising candidates as novel drug delivery systems.
A case of hyponatraemia secondary to vitamin D deficiency

Hyponatraemia and Vitamin D deficiency are common conditions in older adults. Both conditions cause bone fragility and gait abnormalities, which are risk factors for falls and poor health outcomes in older adults. Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for osteoporosis and increases the risk for fragility fractures. Hyponatraemia, the commonest electrolyte abnormality, causes bone resorption and contributes to falls by impairing cognition and by causing gait abnormalities. Sodium homeostasis is complex and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), a diagnosis of exclusion, is one of the most common causes of hyponatraemia. Instability is a feared geriatric syndrome, as falls can have devastating consequences for the older adult, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have shown that patients with hyponatraemia had a higher rate of vitamin D deficiency and, conversely, those with vitamin D deficiency had a higher rate of hyponatraemia. The exact pathophysiological mechanism behind this correlation is unclear but may involve bone derived hormone fibroblast growth factor 23 and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. A case of an 83-year-old Asian female, who presented with an osteoporotic intertrochanteric femoral fracture following a fall, is presented. She was found to have chronic hyponatraemia and was subsequently diagnosed with SIADH due to vitamin D deficiency.
An Analysis of Hierarchy in English Clause Combination

The following study presents research into English clause combination that describes how the types of clauses in English are distributed along a hierarchy of grammatical integration, in a much more complex fashion than the traditional coordination/subordination dichotomy suggests. This hierarchy extends and synthesizes previous descriptions of English combined clauses found in the most referenced descriptive grammars of English. A corpus analysis of patterns in the combined clauses that may be a consequence of hierarchy was also conducted. A corpus of 50 examples of each form was coded for tense/aspect continuity, subject continuity and syntactic function. The analysis confirmed that the different formal levels of integration amongst the clauses are reflected in their functional and discourse patterns. The implications of the study are that English clause combination might be beneficially described and taught as hierarchical beyond traditional binary categories, as combined clauses are a range of more or less integrated structures with distinct properties. For teachers and advanced learners the research may help in an understanding of the relationship in English grammar between function, form, discourse and syntax.
The effects of perspective taking primes on the social tuning of explicit and implicit views toward gender and race

The current research aims to investigate whether perspective taking influences social tuning, or the alignment of one’s self-views, explicit attitudes, and/or implicit attitudes with those of an interaction partner. In six different experiments, participants believed they would interact with a partner to complete a task. Prior to this ostensible interaction, participants were given a perspective taking mindset prime, or not, and information about their ostensible interaction partners views. Participants then completed attitude measures related to the partner’s perceived views. Experiments 1a, 1b, and 2 examined whether perspective taking with an ostensible interaction partner who endorses gender traditional (or non-traditional) views align their self-views with this partner, including implicit self-views (Experiment 2). Experiments 3–5 investigated whether perspective taking leads to social tuning for egalitarian racial attitudes, including when the partner’s expectations of how others will be and when the participant learns their ostensible IAT score at the beginning of the session. We predicted perspective takers would be more likely to social tune their explicit and implicit attitudes to the attitudes of their interaction partner than non-perspective takers. Across all experiments, perspective takers were more likely to social tune their self-views and explicit attitudes than non-perspective takers. However, social tuning never occurred for implicit attitudes. Thus, future research is needed to understand why perspective taking does not influence the tuning of implicit attitudes, but other motivations, like affiliative and epistemic, do.
Response to “The importance of an early gastroenteritis diagnosis to discard MIS-C during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic”

Rev Esp Quimioter 2023;36(3): 322-324 322 Results are shown in Table 1. As expected, more cases of Campylobacter infection were diagnosed in the first period while more laboratory studies were performed in the second period (47.2% vs 14.9%), probably as a reflection of the fear of missing a possible diagnosis of MIS-C in the pandemic era. No cases showing both elevated C-reactive protein and profound lymphopenia were observed among the 74 children seen in the prepandemic period, while four (11.1% of the total cases and 30.6% of those in whom laboratory tests were performed) were found in the pandemic era. Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in the previous weeks was confirmed in three of these cases and infection was documented in one child, who was initially diagnosed as possible MIS-C and treated with intravenous gammaglobulin and corticosteroids for one day; treatment was suspended when the diagnosis of Campylobacter infection was confirmed. Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of these four patients are shown in table 2. Our results raise the question of whether Campylobacter infection alone can be accountable for these laboratory findings and if a positive stool test can safely rule out a diagnosis of MIS-C or a short observation period in the hospital would be prudent, as children with MIS-C may develop additional organ system involvement over the course of admission [4]. Lymphopenia has been previously described in up to 11% of patients with Campylobacter infection returning from the tropics, Response to “The importance of an early gastroenteritis diagnosis to discard MIS-C during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic”
An Accurate and Fast Animal Species Detection System for Embedded Devices

Encounters between humans and wildlife often lead to injuries, especially in remote wilderness regions, and highways. Therefore, animal detection is a vital safety and wildlife conservation component that can mitigate the negative impacts of these encounters. Deep learning techniques have achieved the best results compared to other object detection techniques; however, they require many computations and parameters. A lightweight animal species detection model based on YOLOv2 was proposed. It was designed as a proof of concept of and as a first step to build a real-time mitigation system with embedded devices. Multi-level features merging is employed by adding a new pass-through layer to improve the feature extraction ability and accuracy of YOLOv2. Moreover, the two repeated $3\times $ 3 convolutional layers in the seventh block of the YOLOv2 architecture are removed to reduce computational complexity, and thus increase detection speed without reducing accuracy. Animal species detection methods based on regular Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been widely applied; however, these methods are difficult to adapt to geometric variations of animals in images. Thus, a modified YOLOv2 with the addition of deformable convolutional layers (DCLs) was proposed to resolve this issue. Our experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms the original YOLOv2 by 5.0% in accuracy and 12.0% in speed. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the modified YOLOv2 model is more suitable for deployment than YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 on embedded devices.
Insights into Mesalazine Use in Clinical Practice of Young Gastroenterologists

Background: Mesalazine is among the medications most prescribed by gastroenterologists, with variable and controversial use in different settings. We aimed to explore the use of mesalazine in the clinical practice of young gastroenterologists. Methods: A web-based electronic survey was distributed to all participants of the National Meeting of the Italian Young Gastroenterologist and Endoscopist Association. Results: A total of 101 participants took part in the survey, with a majority (54.4%) being aged >30 years, 63.4% of whom were trainees in academic hospitals, and 69.3% of whom were involved in the clinical management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While both non-dedicated and IBD physicians generally agreed on the appropriate dose of mesalazine for mild ulcerative colitis (UC), significant differences were observed between the two groups for moderate-severe ulcerative colitis (UC). Additionally, in IBD patients who were starting immuno-modulators and/or biologics, 80% of IBD-dedicated physicians continued to prescribe mesalazine, compared to 45.2% of non-dedicated physicians (p = 0.002). Indeed, 48.4% of non-dedicated IBD physicians did not acknowledge mesalazine for colorectal cancer chemoprevention. With regards to Crohn’s disease, it is mainly used by 30.1% of IBD physicians for preventing postoperative recurrence of Crohn’s disease. Finally, 57.4% used mesalazine for symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease, and 84.2% did not recommend its use for irritable bowel syndrome. Conclusions: This survey showed heterogeneous behaviors in the daily use of mesalazine, mainly in the management of IBD. Educational programs and novel studies are needed to clarify its use.
PELATIHAN PEMAHAMAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA BELAJAR PADA GURU SEKOLAH DASAR

Perubahan kurikulum 2013 ke kerikulum merdeka belajar yang paling esensial yang terjadi ditingkat Sekolah Dasar memerlukan pendekatan pembelajaran yang bersifat tematik integratif, dimana peserta didik diajak untuk melihat, memperhatikan, mengobservasi lingkungan dan tidak lagi diorientasikan pada hapalan. Tujuan pelatihan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru di dalam memahami pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka belajar dan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi peserta didik dalam bidang pengetahuan, keterampilan. Pelatihan ini diikuti oleh 30 orang guru dan kepala sekolah. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan sebelum pelatihan dan sesudah pelatihan guru dapat memahami materi yang diberikan dengan baik. Peserta pelatihan adalah kepala sekolah dan guru di Kecamatan Galeson Utara Kabupaten Takalar Sulawesi Selatan. Diharapkan pelatihan ini dilakukan untuk semua guru dan kepala sekolah sehingga bisa memahami pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka belajar dan meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka belajar yang sesuai dengan kondisi sekolah masing-masing.
Limiting Absorption Principle for Singularly Perturbed Operators

Given an operator H1 for which a limiting absorption principle holds, we study operators H2 which are produced by perturbing H1 in the sense that the difference between some powers of the resolvents is compact.We show that (except for possibly a discrete set of eigenvalues) a limiting absorption principle holds for H2. We apply this theory to study potential and domain perturbations of Feller operators. While our theory mostly reproduces known results in the case of potential perturbations, for domain perturbations we get results which appear to be new.
Mid-Life Plasmalogens and Other Metabolites with Anti-Inflammatory Properties are Inversely Associated with Long term Cardiovascular Disease Events: Heart SCORE Study

Background: Preclinical data have shown that low levels of plasmalogens and other metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties may impact metabolic disease processes. However, the association between mid-life levels of such metabolites and late-life atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is not known. Methods: We characterized the midlife plasma metabolomic profile (1,228 metabolites) of 1,852 participants (age 58.1 +/- 7.5 years, 69.6% female, 43.6% self-identified as Black) enrolled in the Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation (Heart SCORE) study. Participants were followed for ~16 years for incident ASCVD events (nonfatal MI, acute ischemic syndrome, coronary revascularization and ASCVD mortality). We used regression model to assess associations of metabolites with ASCVD events. We assessed the impact of genetic variants using whole-exome sequencing with single-variant analysis for common variants and gene-based burden tests for rare variants. We used unbiased and candidate gene approaches to explore genetic associations with metabolites found to be associated with ASCVD events. Results: A total of twelve metabolites were independently associated with incident ASCVD in fully adjusted models over a mean of 10.4 years. A subset of plasmalogens showed an independent inverse association with incident ASCVD events [1-(1-enyl-palmitoyl)-2-arachidonoyl-GPC (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.40-0.74); 1-(1-enyl-palmitoyl)-2-arachidonoyl-GPE (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.42-0.78), 1-methylnicotinamide1-(1-enyl-stearoyl)-2-arachidonoyl-GPE (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.65-0.89)]. Metabolome-wide genetic analysis revealed that two of these plasmalogen metabolites were strongly influenced by polymorphisms of the rs174535, an eQTL for FADS1 and FADS2 genotype. Two amino acid metabolites (2-oxoarginine [OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.25-0.69], alpha-ketobutyrate [OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.49-0.80]) and a bilirubin degradation product (C16H18N2O5 [OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.38-0.66) were inversely associated with ASCVD events. Conclusions: Higher mid-life levels of three plasmalogens, two amino acid metabolites, and a bilirubin degradation product, all of which have anti-inflammatory properties, are associated with lower risk of late-life ASCVD events. Further research is needed to determine whether these metabolites play a causal role in ASCVD and may be a target for future therapies.
Efficacy of Telemedicine for the Management of Asthma: A Systematic Review

Background: Considering the increased prevalence of asthma and its consequences for individuals and society, its effective management and close monitoring is essential. Awareness of the effects of telemedicine can improve asthma management. The present study aimed to systematically review articles examining the effect of telemedicine on the management of asthma, including control of the symptom, patients’ quality of life, costs, and adherence to treatment programs. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was performed on four databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus. English language clinical trials investigating the effectiveness of telemedicine in asthma management published from 2005 to 2018 were selected and retrieved. The present study was designed and conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Out of 33 articles included in this research, telemedicine was employed by 23 studies for the promotion of patient adherence to treatment in the form of reminders and feedback, by 18 for telemonitoring and communicating with healthcare providers, by six for offering remote patient education, and by five for counseling. The most frequently used telemedicine approach was asynchronous (used in 21 articles), and the most commonly utilized tool was Web-based (utilized in 11 articles). Conclusion: Telemedicine can improve symptom control, patients’ quality of life, and adherence to treatment programs. However, little evidence exists confirming the effectiveness of telemedicine in decreasing costs.