Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diffusers for Heated Water Disposal from Power Plants

Power plant cooling is a major consumer of water. The two major methods of cooling that use water are once-through or closed-loop with cooling towers. Once-through extracts huge amounts of water but returns almost all of it with little consumed; cooling tower systems extract much less water but consume more. Both systems discharge heated water that can have environmental impacts. To meet receiving water temperature requirements, discharge is often through a diffuser. The major types of thermal diffusers for the main water body types are briefly reviewed and examples are given of the design of two diffusers. The first is a once- through discharge into a shallow, tidal, estuary. It consists of an alternating diffuser with jets inclined upwards. Dilution is mainly a result of the momentum of the discharging jets. The second is for a power plant with a cooling tower discharging into a river. It is a unidirectional diffuser with multiple horizontal buoyant jets. Dilution is mainly due to the momentum and buoyancy of the discharge. Simulations with the mathematical model UM3 of Visual Plumes showed that the surface temperature regulations would be met. A diffuser system is an effective means of disposing of heated water from power plants. They mix and dilute the heated water so that temperature rises are rapidly reduced with little environmental impacts. To optimize water use and consumption, it may be possible to design plants to operate with once-through cooling and cooling towers at different times of the year.
Modelling three–dimensional human strength capacity: logistic vs. polynomial surface equations

One approach to modelling muscle strength is to represent peak torque as three–dimensional (3D) torque–angle–velocity surfaces at the joint level. These nonlinear relationships have been modelled using polynomial equations. However, we hypothesised logistic equations would better represent 3D peak strength based on known 'S–shaped' relationships between torque and velocity. To compare the two approaches, we modelled eight 3D strength surfaces based on previously published data, elbow and knee strength, using polynomial and logistic equations. Both models fit the strength data well, with median R² values of 0.983 and 0.971 for polynomial and logistic equations, respectively. However, when extrapolating the models to a full normal range of motion (0° to 140°) 100% of the polynomial surfaces, but only 25% of the logistic surfaces, displayed non–physiologic strength estimates (i.e., crossed zero). Accordingly, logistic equations may provide equal or better representations of 3D joint strength surfaces for digital human modelling.
High-throughput parallel SPM for metrology, defect, and mask inspection

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a promising candidate for accurate assessment of metrology and defects on wafers and masks, however it has traditionally been too slow for high-throughput applications, although recent developments have significantly pushed the speed of SPM [1,2]. In this paper we present new results obtained with our previously presented high-throughput parallel SPM system [3,4] that showcase two key advances that are required for a successful deployment of SPM in high-throughput metrology, defect and mask inspection. The first is a very fast (up to 40 lines/s) image acquisition and a comparison of the image quality as function of speed. Secondly, a fast approach method: measurements of the scan-head approaching the sample from 0.2 and 1.0 mm distance in under 1.4 and 6 seconds respectively.
Gender, Gaming Motives, and Genre: Comparing Singaporean, German, and American Players

This study examines gender and country differences with respect to a range of gaming motivations (e.g., social, performance, habit) and game genre choices (e.g., action, sports, casual). Surveys were conducted with 634 university students from Singapore, Germany, and the United States. Overall, the findings suggest that many game motivations and genre choices differed by player gender, country, and the interaction between gender and country in some cases. Further, game motivations and genre choices were related to each other, though sometimes in a negative direction. Finally, differences in gaming motivations, genre choices, and gender, but not the country of residence, were all found to relate to differences in future intention to play. Although these topics have been studied in isolation in previous research, the present study contributes unique insights about the intersections of gender, cultural background, gaming motivations, and genre choices.
Paradigmatic saturation in Nuer

Abstract:Nouns in Nuer (Western Nilotic) have been presented as an extreme example of inflectional complexity, where a 'chaotic' distribution of suffixes combines with dozens of different stem modifications to yield dozens of inflection classes (Frank 1999, Baerman 2012). We show that all of the apparent surface variety can be reduced to a handful of operations. The proliferation of inflection classes is due to a property we call paradigmatic saturation: practically every combination of inflectional operations is attested, yielding the maximum variety with the minimum of means. *
Reflection and Readiness: Shared Benefits of Using an Oral Final Evaluation to Assess Counselor Competency

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted educational systems worldwide, shifting everything from pedagogy to learning environments. The emerging needs and complexities presented during this time has challenged long-standing practices, requiring creativity and innovation to adapt in the midst of uncertainty and accelerated change. This has been the reality within graduate counselling programs where coursework and internships were interrupted, and the counselling environment altered. In the face of such changes, the critical assessment and evaluation of pre-service counsellor competence remains a high priority of counsellor educators. This article outlines the practice of adopting an Oral Final Evaluation (OFE) of post-practicum graduate counselling students as a means of addressing the need to accurately assess counsellor competence in the changed landscape of the current pandemic. This article provides a rationale for integrating an OFE and space for reflection on its implementation, along with feedback from participating students, faculty, and site-supervisors.
Exposure, geochemical, and spatial distribution patterns of an oil spill in parts of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Large-scale and small-scale spilt oil is as old as exploration activities in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. There is a need to provide the exposure, geochemical and spatial characteristics in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria because of the effects of the spilt oil on the communities and the environment. Some of the spilt oil-disaster impacts for exposed communities include psychological effects and socio-demographic characteristics. In this study, the characteristics, sources, spatial and socio-demographic risk predictions of the spilt oil discovered by Kolo Creek coastal residents are examined. A random sample of 900 residents of Kolo Creek coastal communities included exposure characteristics linked to health, the social and economic lifestyle of the communities. The demographic characteristics included age, gender, literacy, and occupation as covariates in the analyses. Respondents provided varied information on the amount of health, the social, and economic impacts. The highest and lowest direct exposure impact accounts 94.65±2.0% and 5.95±1.52% for smoggy weather and obstruction to watercourses respectively. The geochemical distribution pattern was examined using standard laboratory procedures. This investigation included the determination of the physical and chemical characteristics of water samples at the oil spill sites. Also, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total hydrocarbon content (THC), and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) of both water and sediment samples were carried out. A strong correlation exists between these parameters (i.e. at p < 0.01) and indicate communalities greater than 0.5. The pollution distribution maps support the spatial distribution pattern and correlate significantly (p < 0.01) with the exposure distribution, and the geochemical distribution patterns.
Adoption of Genetically Modified Eggplant in India: An Ex Ante Analysis

This paper uses a bivariate probit model to predict the probability of adoption of genetically modified eggplant (Bt eggplant) in India. According to the study farm and contextual characteristics influence the expected adoption of Bt technology. Models that predict acreage under Bt technology, given the decision to adopt are also estimated.
Area wide management of white grub Holotrichia consanguinea Blachard through IPM modules in groundnut

Field experiments were conducted on groundnut for white grub Holotrichia consanguinea Blachard management using different IPM components in Gujarat during kharif 2018 and 2019. Two different eco-friendly modules were evaluated and compare with farmers practices. In Module I included on set of monsoon, spraying of chlorpyrifos 20 EC @ 0.04% on surrounding trees, seed treatment of chlorpyrifos 20 EC @ 20 ml/kg, Placement of aggregation pheromone on host tree (5 block/tree), Soil application of Beauveria bassiana @ 5 kg ha-1 (Min. 2 x 106 CFU/g) + castor cake (250 kg ha-1) before sowing, Application of B. bassiana @ 5 kg ha-1 in plant row with FYM (250 kg ha-1) after 30 days of germination. While Module II used Metarhizium anisopliae instead of B. bassiana. While in farmers practices included application of chlorpyriphos 10 G @ 10 kg ha-1 with urea at initiation of pest attack. Among the evaluated two ecofriendly module and farmers practices the lowest per cent plant mortality (3.03 %) and 0.56 grub/m2 was recorded in Module II. The highest pod and halum yield 2180 and 3942 kg ha-1, yield increase over control 31.00 and 39.37 %, avoidable loss 23.67 and 28.25% was recorded in module II. The maximum (32474 Rs/ha) net realization was found in the treatment of Module II. Looking to the NICBR, the highest (1:5.35) return was obtained with the treatment of Module II followed by Module I (1:2.93)
Role of intra-abdominal pressure in the outcomes of perforation peritonitis: A prospective observational study.

Objectives Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) has been investigated for its role in causing morbidity and mortality, with various studies showing different degrees of correlation. There remains paucity of literature on this subject, applied to patients of perforation peritonitis, especially in the Indian subcontinent. Material and Methods It is a prospective observational study involving 40 patients of perforation peritonitis undergoing exploratory laparotomy. IAP was measured as per WSACS (World Society of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome) guidelines. APACHE II (Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation- II) and SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) were calculated. Data was collected regarding occurrence of prolonged ileus, burst abdomen, duration of hospital stay, 30 day mortality, and was statistically analyzed to correlate with IAP. Results At admission, mean IAP was 13.37 mmHg, and the incidence of IAH was 65%. IAH was seen in 17.9% and 7.6% at 24 h and 48 h post-operatively. Incidence of prolonged ileus and burst abdomen were 7.7% and 22.5% respectively. Mortality rate was 17.5%. Mean duration of hospital stay was 13.45 days. Post-operative IAP correlated with mortality (p: 0.014) and post-operative SOFA score (p <0.05). Statistically significant correlation was also seen with the occurrence of prolonged ileus (p: 0.006). IAP did not significantly correlate with APACHE II score, occurrence of burst abdomen, and duration of hospital stay. Conclusion Rise in IAP correlates with deterioration of SOFA score, and also with the occurrence of prolonged ileus. IAP is also a predictor of mortality. IAP measured post-operatively (24 and 48 hours) had a better correlation with these outcomes than the value measured at admission. No statistically significant correlation of IAP with the occurrence of burst abdomen and duration of hospital stay could be found, which warrants further studies with a larger population.
Analysis on complete pathological response and estimated survival among breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in a private institution in the state of Rio de Janeiro

Objective: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women, both in developed and in developing countries. Indications for neoadjuvant treatment have been expanded so that pathological responses can be evaluated. Diversiﬁed therapeutic approaches may thus be indicated in accordance with each residual disease proﬁle. This was a real-life study, in which the aim was to analyze the complete pathological response (CPR) and estimated survival among breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in a private institution in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study on patients diagnosed with breast cancer and treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, in a private institution. The primary objective of this study was to analyze CPR. As secondary endpoints, we evaluated the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of these patients and correlated them with clinical-pathological variables. Results: CPR was achieved in: 12.5% of luminal A cases; 19.5% of luminal B/HER-2-negative cases; 38.5% of luminal B/ HER-2-positive cases; 65% of HER-2-enriched cases; and 37.8% of triple negative cases. There was a signiﬁcant correlation between CPR and histopathological subtypes (p<0.001). At the end of 36 months, the DFS for patients with CPR was 89.1% vs. 72.4% for the others (p=0.01). OS could not be calculated for patients who achieved CPR, because there was no event. Conclusion: We conﬁrmed in this study that a correlation exists between CPR and overall survival. In addition, we were able to show that even in developing countries, such as Brazil, appropriate treatments can be offered in accordance with international guidelines, such that our results were consequently similar to those in the worldwide literature. ABSTRACT signiﬁcativa entre a RCP e os subtipos histopatológicos (p<0,001). Ao ﬁnal de 36 meses, a DFS para pacientes com RCP foi de 89,1% vs. 72,4% para os demais (p=0,01). SG não pôde ser calculado para pacientes que alcançaram RCP, porque não houve nenhum evento. Conclusão: Conﬁrmamos neste estudo que existe uma correlação entre a RCP e a sobrevida global. Além disso, pudemos mostrar que mesmo em países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil, tratamentos adequados podem ser oferecidos de acordo com as diretrizes internacionais, de forma que nossos resultados foram, consequentemente, semelhantes aos da literatura mundial.
Computational approach of the homeostatic turnover of memory B cells.

In this paper, a discrete mathematical model inspired by control mechanisms is used to explore the factors potentially responsible for maximum immunization capacity in mammals. The results have been discussed in light of recent work, and refer to the adoption of parameter values chosen among data gathered from the literature. The model used in this study took into consideration that the immune system is a network of molecules and cells that can recognize itself.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF FEED ADDED TURMERIC (Curcuma longa) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKS

This study was planned to investigate the effect of different levels of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the overall performance of broiler chicks. Four experimental rations designated as A, B, C and D having 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% Turmeric (Curcuma longa) was fed to 160 broiler chicks, randomly distributed into 16 replicate, so as to have 4 replicate per treatment and 10 chicks per replicate. The experiment lasted for 35 days. Average weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, dressing percentage, breast weight, thigh weight, mortality and economics were used as a criteria of response. Organ weight including heart, liver and gizzard was also recorded. The mean body weight gain per chick was 646, 547, 734 and 592 g (P 0.05) and the average weight of heart was 8.2, 8.6, 9.0 and 8.0 g (P>0.05) for groups A, B, C and D, respectively. The mean gizzard weight was 26, 27, 29 and 27 g (P>0.05); the average cost of feed per kg of body weight gain was Rs. 34, 33, 30 and 32. The cost of feed per kg weight gain was highly favourable in treatment C (5 g) as compared to other treatments indicating economic viability of using Turmeric (Curcuma longa) as anti-fungle and anti-oxidant @ 5 g/kg of feed. Mortality was 2.5%, 0%, 0% and 2.5% (P>0.05) for groups A, B, C and D, respectively. It was concluded that the use of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) as feed additive at level of 0.5% enhances the overall performance of broiler chicks. Research to investigate the effect of different levels of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) in layers and breeders is recommended.
Thermal characterization of a PLCC-expanded R/sub jc/ methodology

It was previously proposed to extend the use of the junction-to-case thermal resistance to nonisothermal packages by defining an appropriately weighted, average surface temperature based on numerically derived thermal influence coefficients for each package surface (or segment) of interest. In the present study the authors apply the expanded R/sub c/ methodology to an actual PLCC package. Experimental data and the results of an extensive three-dimensional thermal simulation are used to establish the values of 11 sensitivity coefficients, which make it possible to determine the weighted-average case temperature. The variations in the sensitivity coefficients and the accuracy of the chip temperature predictions, with the number of data sets used to determine the coefficients, are also examined. <<ETX>>
Spatio-temporal changes of mangrove cover and its impact on bio-carbon flux along the West Bengal coast, Northeast coast of India

ABSTRACT The present study assesses patio-temporal variability of the greenness index of Indian mangroves of the Sundarban forest with bio-carbon flux during 1990-2020. The analysis of NDVI derived using Landsat data reveals the mangrove stress level was very high during the years 1990, 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2011, with 2011 km2 mangroves were severely affected out of a total 2215 km2. The improved and healthy condition prevailed during 1999, 2000, 2001, 2015, 2016 and 2019 and normal condition during 2002, 2005, 2008 and 2010. The net change in mangrove cover during 1990-2020 shows distinct loss and gain regions across the study region. The shoreline change analysis shows that nearly 90 km2 of mangroves were lost on the seaward side due to coastal erosion. Whereas, 50 km2 of newly developed mangroveswere observed in western parts of Southern Parganas due to accretion and no loss/gain was recorded in the rest of the areas. A significant positive correlation (coefficients 0.76 at p=0.01) was recorded between the increase in the extent of the mangrove region and bio-carbon fluxes for the years of normal and high-stress level condition as the dominant classes. Conversely, correlation is insignificant for the years dominated by healthy conditions.
Series solutions for π/4-DQPSK BER with MRC

Simple series expressions for bit error rate (BER) of π/4 shifted differential quaternary phase-shift keying (π/4-DQPSK) over some common fading environments (Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami-m) are derived. Both single- and multi-channel reception scenarios are considered. In case of multi-antenna reception, it is assumed that the fading is independent and identically distributed (IID), and the receiver follows optimum maximal ratio combining (MRC). The derived expressions, computed through probability density function (PDF)-based approach, give an exact match with moment-generating function (MGF)-based solutions but get rid of numerical integrations involved in MGF approach. Further, the analytical results presented in this article consist of finite or rapidly converging infinite series and thus a trade-off between precision and complexity can be easily realised by choosing a specific number of terms. Bounds on the error resulting from truncation of the infinite series are also derived. Moreover, it was shown that the series solutions, when reasonably truncated, still provide better approximations than the previous attempts.
Gratifications and Challenges of Banks Adoption of Social Media Advertising Tool

The study looks into how Nigerian banks use social media advertising and what they get out of it. The study's objectives were to investigate First Bank Nigeria's social media advertising trends and determine the benefits and drawbacks of using social media advertising. The study used a quantitative and qualitative research design that was based on the diffusion of innovation theory. The study's quantitative component focused on descriptive and inferential analyses of the bank's social media platforms, as well as answers from respondents (bank employees and customers), while the qualitative component focused on a textual analysis of the social media advertisements. First Bank used a number of internet advertising resources, according to the report (social media inclusive). The findings suggest that social media is simple to use and understand, that it attracts customers' attention to products and services, that it provides an instant feedback mechanism, and that it helps the bank save money. Social media has a broad reach, ensures audience target efficiency, and delivers fun. The strength of social media bank adverts is that they encourage practitioners to work more efficiently by providing rapid feedback, having a broad reach, and being simple to use. The issues of trust management, control, technical knowledge, identity management, unrestricted audience, irreversible information, and crisis communications, on the other hand, are challenging for bank social media usage. On the subject of social media issues, banks advertisers are expected to be aware of the areas that may be addressed, such as preventing unethical and anonymous individuals from accessing their platform. Furthermore, only reputable and trustworthy material should be allowed on social media. Keywords: Advertising, Banks, Challenges, Social Media, Uses and Gratifications DOI: 10.7176/NMMC/98-03 Publication date: September 30 th 2021
Effect of organizational culture on employee performance: A mediating role of employee engagement in Malaysia educational sector

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of organizational culture (OC) on employee engagement (EE) and employee performance (EP) among academic staff of Malaysian Private Universities (MPU). However, studies of such have been given less attention within the context of MPU. Therefore, this paper highlights the issue through a systematic review of previous literature on the subject matter. A questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents while Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the study hypotheses. The results revealed that OC has a significant effect on EP while EE partially mediates the relationship between OC and EP. This study encourages university management to initiate sound OC and at the same time invest in OC in order to actualize EE and achieve a sustainable EP. This research has made a significant contribution to the operationalization of OC, EE, and EP literature which help to develop model, theory, research and practice in the fields of job performance.