Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activity-based pricing and financial performance in Hassan II University Hospital Fez of Morocco: a research attempt

The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact and contribution of activity pricing in improving financial performance. Likewise, the contribution of this paper is to promote Activity-Based Pricing within health establishments in Morocco, the main objective is to optimize financial resources and to review traditional financing methods. We opted for an exploratory study using SPSS, in order to measure the internal consistency of the measurement scales. For the second analysis, that of the confirmatory factor analysis, we started a rigorous process in order to test the hypotheses from the literature and from the study context. This step is major and was carried out using the PLS-SEM. The results obtained by our sample, which is made up of healthcare professionals from the Hassan II - Fez Hospital Center, have led us to understand that activity-based pricing strongly contributes to improving the financial performance of any hospital structure, specifically the Hassan II-Hospital. Today, Moroccan health establishments are very conscious of optimizing financial resources in order to deal with multiple obstacles. Moreover, this new method of financing is important since it will bring changes and continuous improvements in favor of the hospital and their patients. Activity-based pricing is considered a mode of financing which must be absolutely applied in the Moroccan hospital context. The originality of our paper will devote to future studies to initiate this research process in the health sector which currently seems essential and will bring more significant results in terms of funding hospital activities and performance.
Resource Efficient Gas Classifier Based on 1.5-bit Quantization of Sensing Channel Difference for Electronic Nose

A resource efficient neural network based gas classifier using the 1.5-bit quantization of sensing channel difference as the feature extraction is proposed in this paper, which is designated for unattended electronic noses for long-term surveillance. The feature rate of the proposed method is as low as 48 bits per second (bps), significantly reducing the computational complexity of the classifier compared with state-of-the-art works. Based on the simple and identifiable features, a slight fully connected neural network (SFCN) is proposed as a gas classifier. The parameters and floating-point operations per second (FLOPs) are reduced 41 and 624 than state-of-the-art gas classifiers, respectively. A self-recorded gas dataset with 9 types of gases and 64413 samples is used to validate the performance of the proposed feature extraction method and classifier. Simulation results show that this method can classify 9 different gases with an accuracy of 97.2%, which is comparable to the state-of-the-art works. Meanwhile, the parameters and the computation complexity are greatly reduced, which makes it suitable for long-term electronic noses with computation resource constraint.
Numerical Simulation of Permissible Touch Voltages in Case of a Lightning Incidence

When lightning strikes an outer lightning protection system, hazardous touch voltages may occur. The lightning strike itself can be composed of different current wave shapes, which are directly connected to the first and subsequent return strokes. These current impulses have different characteristics. The resulting touch voltage wave shape is related to two of those characteristics. One characteristic is the magnitude of the current. The touch voltage wave shape is linked proportionally to the current wave shape flowing to ground. The second characteristic is the steepness of the current impulse. The rate of current rise induces a touch voltage in the loop, formed by the human body, the down conductor and the ground. In case of lightning strike, limits for those voltages are not defined. In order to evaluate the threat for a human being regarding touch voltages, limits must be known. The main threat comes from the ventricular fibrillation of the heart. Standards define relations between current magnitude and duration or energies that can be handled by a human body. However, it is not clear how much current is drained through the human heart, when voltages get steeper and shorter in duration. A computer simulation of a human body is conducted to compare known integral electrical parameters with parameters from the literature. From these findings, limits on hazardous touch voltages are derived. The main focus lies on the energy consumption of the human body and the related energy turnover in the human heart as an integral value.
Titanium hidden in dust

Cassiopeia A, one of the most intriguing galactic supernova remnants, has been a target of many observational efforts including most recent observations by ALMA, Hubble, Herschel, Spitzer, NuSTAR, Integral, and other observatories. We use recent gamma-ray lines observations of the radioactive products of Cas A supernova explosive nucleosynthesis as well as spectral energy densities derived for Cas A at infrared wavelengths to speculate about the possibility of radioactive 44Ti being locked into large dust grains. This suggestion is also supported by the possible observation of a pre-supernova outburst about 80 years before the actual Cas A supernova explosion in 1671 AD by Italian astronomer G.D. Cassini. The plausibility of such a scenario is discussed also with reference to recent supernovae, and to the contribution of core-collapse supernovae to the overall dust production in the Galaxy.
Critical aging of a ferromagnetic system from a completely ordered state

We adapt the nonlinear σ model to study the nonequilibrium critical dynamics of O(n) symmetric ferromagnetic system. Using the renormalization group analysis in d = 2 + e dimensions we investigate the pure relaxation of the system starting from a completely ordered state. We find that the average magnetization obeys the long-time scaling behaviour almost immediately after the system starts to evolve while the correlation and response functions demonstrate scaling behaviour which is typical for aging phenomena. The corresponding fluctuation-dissipation ratio is computed to first order in e and the relation between transverse and longitudinal fluctuations is discussed.
Multi-phase structure of thermally diffused niobium nitride

In order to study superconducting niobium nitrides for RF applications, Nb-N samples obtained by diffusion of nitrogen in bulk niobium were investigated. X-ray diffraction and AC susceptibility measurements were performed. From these measurements, the composition and the critical parameters (H/sub c1/ and J/sub c/) of the material were deduced. The results for several samples are compared. It is shown that the proposed method allows detection of the presence of different superconducting phases and granularity of materials. It was used to understand the RF behaviour of Nb-N (high residual surface resistance). Although the measured samples did not show granularity, the presence of several materials with different superconducting properties was observed. Low-T/sub c/ phases were always detected in the samples, sometimes also at the surface.
Accelerated testing of electrode degradation for validation of new implantable neural interfaces

Neural prostheses, such as cochlear implants or deep brain stimulators, can modulate neural activity and restore lost physiological function by performing electrical stimulation and neural recordings. However, prolonged stimulation can degrade electrodes and adversely affect their performance over long-term implantation. Therefore, integrating the electrodes’ health monitoring system is required for new implantable neural interface designs. However, validating the electrode degradation monitoring system with in-vivo experiment is slow and highly challenging. Furthermore, artificially generating the degradation of electrodes in in-vitro analysis is also time-consuming. This paper proposes an experimental setup for accelerated electrode degradation by elevating temperature and electrical stimulation. In order to demonstrate feasibility, a previous generation electrode material (tungsten) was used, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was measured every hour to analyse the electrochemical properties. As a result, optical microscopy images, before and after testing, show the morphology changes of the tungsten wire electrodes. The minimum accelerated testing to create electrode failure was 6 hours. Following prolonged stimulation, the results show electrode erosion possibly exacerbated by the evolution of hydrogen gas, while the EIS plots illustrate the slight increase of impedance over time in certain frequency bands, likely due to the progressive decline of the electrode surface area.
Do Covid-19 Tax Incentives Work? Insights from Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted Indonesia's economic and business growth. Therefore, the government issued stimulus in tax incentives for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) taxpayers affected. However, MSMEs' participation in utilising tax incentives is still low. This study aims to investigate tax knowledge, tax socialisation, and taxpayer awareness influence on tax compliance among MSMEs taxpayers in using tax incentives. A survey with 394 MSMEs taxpayers registered in the DGT Regional Office of Aceh as respondents were performed to gather primary data. This quantitative study uses multiple linear regression as a data analysis method to test the hypothesis. The results reveal that tax knowledge, tax socialisation, and taxpayers' awareness positively affect tax incentives utilisation. Higher tax knowledge, tax socialisation, and taxpayers' awareness rate lead to higher compliance in tax incentives utilisation. These findings may help policymakers establish future tax policies emphasising tax compliance and incentives. This study also provides an overview of the tax incentive utilisation compliance of MSMEs taxpayers in Aceh Province.
Long-range order in a hard disk model in statistical mechanics

We model two-dimensional crystals by a configuration space in which every admissible configuration is a hard disk configuration and a perturbed version of some triangular lattice with side length one. In this model we show that, under the uniform distribution, expected configurations in a given box are arbitrarily close to some triangular lattice whenever the particle density is chosen sufficiently high. This choice can be made independent of the box size.
The Metallicity of Palomar 1

Palomar 1 is a peculiar Galactic globular cluster suspected of being younger than the bulk of Galactic halo objects. However, such a low age can be confirmed only after a reliable determination of the metallicity. In the present paper, we use the equivalent widths, W, of the Ca II triplet on medium-resolution spectra to determine the metal content of Pal 1. From the comparison of the luminosity-corrected W's in four stars of Pal 1 with those of a sample of stars in each of three calibration clusters (M2, M15, and M71), we derive [Fe/H] = -0.6 ± 0.2 on the Zinn-West scale or [Fe/H] = -0.7 ± 0.2 on the Carretta-Gratton scale. We also obtain a radial velocity vr = -82.8 ± 3.3 km s-1 for Pal 1.
Effects of hadron–quark phase transition on properties of neutron stars

We investigate the possible scenario of deconfinement of hyperon rich hadronic matter to quark matter at high densities and the resulting hybrid star (HS) properties are analyzed. In the relativistic mean-field framework, we construct the equation of state (EoS) of hadronic matter using the effective chiral model while the pure quark matter is described using the MIT bag model. We revisit the hyperon puzzle and analyze the possibility of hadron–quark phase transition with proper choice of the bag constant. In static condition the maximum mass of the resultant HSs are in good agreement with the recent observational bounds on the same from high mass pulsars such as PSR J1614−2230 and PSR J0348+0432. On invoking the phenomenon of phase transition, the radius of canonical mass (R 1.4) and value of R 1.6 predicted by the model lie within the range prescribed from binary neutron star merger detected by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration in 2017. The surface redshift obtained for the HSs also satisfy the constraints from pulsars RX J0 720.4-3125 and 1E 1 207.4-5209. It is worth noting that unlike several other works, we add no modifications to the original form of the Bag model to satisfy these recent observational and empirical constraints on NS properties. We also discuss the rotational aspects of the HSs by calculating the properties like rotational mass, radius, energy density, moment of inertia at different angular velocities. The maximum bound on rotational frequency from the rapidly rotating pulsars like PSR B1937+21 and PSR J1748−2446ad are satisfied with the HS configuration. We also test the universality of our hybrid EoS in terms of normalized moment of inertia.
The importance of lightning impulse polarity in transformer liquid insulation

Recent publications [1]–[5] have shed light on how streamer propagation in insulating liquids (such as those based on hydrocarbons or ester liquids) can vary substantially, and that the speed of propagation is significantly faster in positive polarity than negative polarity. In terms of the suitability of a transformer design to lightning impulse stresses, one must therefore consider the possibility of faster propagation speed in the alternative liquid under consideration compared to traditional mineral insulating oils. Whilst the phenomenon of propagation governed breakdown is more apparent in areas of the insulation system with more inhomogeneous field distribution [6] equipment manufacturers and utilities may still have to take this into account. Specifically, the IEC 60076 suite of standards for power transformers and related equipment only mandates negative polarity testing, but if positive polarity lightning impulse is applied, the risk of breakdown may be higher, especially if the insulating liquid tends to have higher propagation speeds than the reference design case [2]. The prevalence of positive lightning in nature is often stated of being around 10% [7], but the percentage of strikes that in turn cause impulse stresses on equipment in electricity networks may be higher [7]. It may be important for utilities to consider the connection between positive lightning in nature and positive impulse stresses on their actual equipment. Some results in point-plane gap studies with pure liquids are also presented and help illustrate how, in inhomogeneous fields, the propagation speed of the streamer in the insulating liquid is the key deciding factor whether breakdown will occur with the gap size and impulse wave shape as key parameters. Utilities and equipment manufacturers should investigate whether specifying the lightning impulse test at both polarities will improve their equipment reliability.
Practical Soft Demapper-Based Decoder for Sparse Code Multiple Access

Existing SCMA systems presented for multiuser detection has high computational complexity. The complexity is a prime concern considering its implementation in a machine-to-machine (M2M) communication involving limited capacity devices. Since these devices have low processing power, so practical implementation of SCMA needs to be optimised for better performance. This paper proposes an SCMA decoder with a soft demapping technique to reduce the computational complexity, providing better performance. To improve the stability of SCMA system for M2M communication, this paper proposes the use of noise variance threshold ψ, to handle the system’s stability. Results confirmed that the proposed soft demapper-based SCMA reduced the execution time to 33% and the iteration number to 63% compared to the conventional SCMA scheme deploying message passing algorithm (MPA)-based decoding. The proposed SCMA provides an improvement of 2.5 dB at a BER of 10−3 under the block Rayleigh fading channels and an improvement of approximately 1.1 dB at a BER of 10−5 dB under the fast Rayleigh fading channels. The improvements come from the fast convergence of iterative decoding using a soft demapper supported by a variance threshold ψ that avoids the duality decision at the border of the decision area.
Pressure-induced amorphization mechanism in Eu2(MoO4)3

O. Le Bacq,1 D. Machon,2,* D. Testemale,3 and A. Pasturel1 1SIMAP, INPG-CNRS, 1130 Rue de la Piscine, BP 75, FR-38042 St. Martin d’Heres Cedex, France 2Laboratoire PMCN, UMR5586,Universite Lyon 1, CNRS-Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne FR-69622, France 3Institut Neel-Departement MCMF BP 166, FR-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France (Received 7 February 2011; revised manuscript received 12 April 2011; published 1 June 2011)
Renormalization-group improvement in hadronic $τ$ decays in 2018

One of the main sources of theoretical uncertainty in the extraction of the strong coupling from hadronic tau decays stems from the renormalization group improvement of the series. Perturbative series in QCD are divergent but are (most likely) asymptotic expansions. One needs knowledge about higher orders to be able to choose the optimal renormalization-scale setting procedure. Here, we discuss the use of Padé approximants as a model-independent and robust method to extract information about the higher-order terms. We show that in hadronic \tauτ decays the fixed-order expansion, known as fixed-order perturbation theory (FOPT), is the most reliable mainstream method to set the scale. This fully corroborates previous conclusions based on the available knowledge about the leading renormalon singularities of the perturbative series.
The spiral potential of the Milky Way

Context. The location of young sources in the Galaxy suggests a four-armed spiral structure, whereas tangential points of spiral arms observed in the integrated light at infrared and radio wavelengths indicate that only two arms are massive. Aims. Variable extinction in the Galactic plane and high light-to-mass ratios of young sources make it difficult to judge the total mass associated with the arms outlined by such tracers. The current objective is to estimate the mass associated with the Sagittarius arm by means of the kinematics of the stars across it. Methods. Spectra of 1726 candidate B- and A-type stars within 3◦ of the Galactic center (GC) were obtained with the FLAMES instrument at the VLT with a resolution of ≈6000 in the spectral range of 396–457 nm. Radial velocities were derived by least-squares fits of the spectra to synthetic ones. The final sample was limited to 1507 stars with either Gaia DR2 parallaxes or main-sequence B-type stars having reliable spectroscopic distances. Results. The solar peculiar motion in the direction of the GC relative to the local standard of rest (LSR) was estimated to U⊙ = 10.7 ± 1.3kms−1. The variation in the median radial velocity relative to the LSR as a function of distance from the sun shows a gradual increase from slightly negative values near the sun to almost 5 km s−1 at a distance of around 4 kpc. A sinusoidal function with an amplitude of 3.4 ± 1.3kms−1 and a maximum at 4.0 ± 0.6 kpc inside the sun is the best fit to the data. A positive median radial velocity relative to the LSR around 1.8 kpc, the expected distance to the Sagittarius arm, can be excluded at a 99% level of confidence. A marginal peak detected at this distance may be associated with stellar streams in the star-forming regions, but it is too narrow to be associated with a major arm feature. Conclusions. A comparison with test-particle simulations in a fixed galactic potential with an imposed spiral pattern shows the best agreement with a two-armed spiral potential having the Scutum–Crux arm as the next major inner arm. A relative radial forcing dFr ≈ 1.5% and a pattern speed in the range of 20–30 km s−1 kpc−1 yield the best fit. The lack of a positive velocity perturbation in the region around the Sagittarius arm excludes it from being a major arm. Thus, the main spiral potential of the Galaxy is two-armed, while the Sagittarius arm is an inter-arm feature with only a small mass perturbation associated with it.
Design and Qualification of Twelve Meter Spacewire Flexible PCB Backplane for a Space Robotics Servicer

NRL researchers recently designed and built a SpaceWire link over a flexi-cable which is more than three times as lossy (in decibels per meter) as a cable constructed to section 5.2 of the SpaceWire specification. The length and lossy nature of this flex-cable made closing a SpaceWirelink at our requirement of 100Mbps exceptionally difficult. Significant testing and analysis were undertaken before settling on an implementation that uses LVDM drivers in place of the LVDS called out in the SpaceWire specification in order to close a link at up to 200Mbps. This paper describes the advantages SpaceWire brings to the RSGS payload and the significant analysis, simulation, and testing needed to design and qualify a SpaceWire link to transmit data at up to 200 Mbps over this twelve-meter flex-cable.
An Upper Limit on the Mass of the Circumplanetary Disk for DH Tau b

DH Tau is a young (∼1 Myr) classical T Tauri star. It is one of the few young PMS stars known to be associated with a planetary mass companion, DH Tau b, orbiting at large separation and detected by direct imaging. DH Tau b is thought to be accreting based on copious emission and exhibits variable Paschen Beta emission. NOEMA observations at 230 GHz allow us to place constraints on the disk dust mass for both DH Tau b and the primary in a regime where the disks will appear optically thin. We estimate a disk dust mass for the primary, DH Tau A of , which gives a disk to star mass ratio of 0.014 (assuming the usual gas to dust mass ratio of 100 in the disk). We find a conservative disk dust mass upper limit of 0.42 M⊕ for DH Tau b, assuming that the disk temperature is dominated by irradiation from DH Tau b itself. Given the environment of the circumplanetary disk, variable illumination from the primary or the equilibrium temperature of the surrounding cloud would lead to even lower disk mass estimates. A MCFOST radiative transfer model, including heating of the circumplanetary disk by DH Tau b and DH Tau A, suggests that a mass-averaged disk temperature of 22 K is more realistic, resulting in a dust disk mass upper limit of 0.09 M⊕ for DH Tau b. We place DH Tau b in context with similar objects and discuss the consequences for planet formation models.