Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating traffic speed and speeding using passively collected big mobility data and a distributed computing framework

With the increasing availability of location‐aware devices, passively collected big GPS trajectory data offer new opportunities for analyzing human mobility. Processing big GPS trajectory data, especially extracting information from billions of trajectory points and assigning information to corresponding road segments in road networks, is a challenging but necessary task for researchers to take full advantage of big data. In this research, we propose an Apache Spark and Sedona‐based computing framework that is capable of estimating traffic speeds for statewide road networks from GPS trajectory data. Taking advantage of spatial resilient distributed datasets supported by Sedona, the framework provides high computing efficiency while using affordable computing resources for map matching and waypoint gap filling. Using a mobility dataset of 126 million trajectory points collected in California, and a road network inclusive of all road types, we computed hourly speed estimates for approximately 600,000 segments across the state. Comparing speed estimates for freeway segments with speed limits, our speed estimates showed that speeding on freeways occurred mostly during the nighttime, while analysis of travel on residential roads showed that speeds were relatively stable over the 24‐h period.
intrApose: Monocular Driver 6 DOF Head Pose Estimation Leveraging Camera Intrinsics

We present intrApose, a novel method for continuous 6 DOF head pose estimation from a single camera image without prior detection or landmark localization. We argue that using camera intrinsics alongside the intensity information is essential for accurate pose estimation. The proposed head pose estimation framework is crop-aware and scale-aware, i.e., it keeps poses estimated within image cut-outs consistent with the whole image. It employs a continuous, differentiable rotation representation that simplifies the overall architecture compared to existing methods. Our method is validated on <italic>DD-Pose</italic>, a challenging real-world in-vehicle driver observation dataset that offers a broad spectrum of poses and occlusion states from naturalistic driving scenarios. In ablation studies we compare rotation and translation errors of intrinsics-aware and -agnostic methods, continuous and discontinuous rotation representations, and data sampling strategies. Experiments show that leveraging camera intrinsics and a continuous rotation representation (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{SVDO}^+$</tex-math></inline-formula>) results in a <italic>balanced mean angular error</italic> (BMAE) of 5.8<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula> compared to the intrinsics agnostic baseline with a discontinuous rotation representation (14.8<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>). Furthermore, training with an unbiased data distribution (most driver measurements are close-to-frontal) improved BMAE on the <italic>hard</italic> subset (extreme orientations and occlusions) from 15.3<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula> to 9.5<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>.
A Chaos Expansion Approach for the Pricing of Contingent Claims

In this paper, we propose an approximation method based on the Wiener–Ito chaos expansion for the pricing of European-style contingent claims. Our method is applicable to the general class of continuous Markov processes. The resulting approximation formula requires at most three-dimensional numerical integration. It will be shown through numerical examples that the accuracy of our approximation remains quite high, even for the case of high volatility and long maturity.
Analysis and Application of p, q-Quasirung Orthopair Fuzzy Aczel–Alsina Aggregation Operators in Multiple Criteria Decision-Making

The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>,q-quasirung orthopair fuzzy set (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFS) is a potent tool for representing fuzziness and uncertainty compared to the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-rung orthopair fuzzy set (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFS). This research aims to introduce the aggregation technique of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFSs with the help of Aczel–Alsina (AA) operations. We first propound several novel AA operations of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFSs such as AA sum, AA product, AA scalar multiplication, and AA exponentiation. Following these operations, we develop a range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-quasirung orthopair fuzzy averaging and geometric aggregation operators to efficiently aggregate <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-quasirung fuzzy data. Additionally, we construct different features of these operators, discuss certain special cases, and study their fundamental results. Afterward, we use these operators to design a method for dealing with multi-criteria decision-making with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-quasirung orthopair fuzzy information. Finally, we provide a case study to demonstrate the suggested method’s practicality followed by parameter analysis and comparison study.
Hereditary Breast Cancer in Romania—Molecular Particularities and Genetic Counseling Challenges in an Eastern European Country

In Romania, breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women. However, there is limited data on the prevalence of predisposing germline mutations in the population in the era of precision medicine, where molecular testing has become an indispensable tool in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective study to determine the prevalence, mutational spectrum, and histopathological prediction factors for hereditary breast cancer (HBC) in Romania. A cohort of 411 women diagnosed with BC selected upon NCCN v.1. 2020 guidelines underwent an 84-gene NGS-based panel testing for breast cancer risk assessment during 2018–2022 in the Department of Oncogenetics of the Oncological Institute of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. A total of 135 (33%) patients presented pathogenic mutations in 19 genes. The prevalence of genetic variants was determined, and demographic and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. We observed differences among BRCA and non-BRCA carriers regarding family history of cancer, age of onset, and histopathological subtypes. Triple-negative (TN) tumors were more often BRCA1 positive, unlike BRCA2 positive tumors, which were more often the Luminal B subtype. The most frequent non-BRCA mutations were found in CHEK2, ATM, and PALB2, and several recurrent variants were identified for each gene. Unlike other European countries, germline testing for HBC is still limited due to the high costs and is not covered by the National Health System (NSH), thus leading to significant discrepancies related to the screening and prophylaxis of cancer.
Synergistic Activity of Cefiderocol in Combination with Piperacillin-Tazobactam, Fosfomycin, Ampicillin-Sulbactam, Imipenem-Relebactam and Ceftazidime-Avibactam against Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria

Limited treatment options are among the main reasons why antimicrobial resistance has become a leading major public health problem. In particular, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales (CRE), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii have been included by the World Health Organization (WHO) among the pathogens for which new therapeutic agents are needed. The combination of antibiotics represents an effective strategy to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen infections. In this context, the aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro activity of cefiderocol (CFD) in combination with different antimicrobial molecules against a collection of well-characterized clinical strains, exhibiting different patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility. Clinical strains were genomically characterized using Illumina iSeq100 platform. Synergy analyses were performed by combining CFD with piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP-TAZ), fosfomycin (FOS), ampicillin-sulbactam (AMP-SULB), ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI), meropenem-vaborbactam (MER-VAB) and imipenem-relebactam (IMI-REL). Our results demonstrated the synergistic effect of CFD in combination with FOS and CAZ-AVI against CRE and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-Ab) clinical strains owing CFD-resistant profile, while the CFD and AMP-SULB combination was effective against CR-Pa strain displaying AMP-SULB-resistant profile. Moreover, the combination of CAZ-AVI/SULB showed synergistic activity in CAZ-AVI-resistant CRE strain. In conclusion, although further analyses are needed to confirm these results, our work showed the efficacy of CFD when used for synergistic formulations.
Evaluation of oxidative stress in idiopathic male infertility in the Iraqi population

Introduction and Aim: Idiopathic infertility accounts for at least 30% of all cases of infertility, and oxidative stress has been identified as a novel developing factor in idiopathic male infertility. Oxidative stress occurs when antioxidant defense mechanisms are outmatched by the creation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of enzymatic antioxidants (catalase and superoxide dismutase; CAT and SOD) on sperm DNA fragmentation and associated sperm alteration in Iraqi males with idiopathic infertility. Materials and Methods: One hundred infertile guys (50 oligozoospermia and 50 asthenozoospermia) and 50 normospermia) had their superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde levels tested. Results: Our study showed that the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) of patients who suffered from oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia was higher than that of individuals who suffered from normozoospermia. Seminal plasma SOD and MDA levels were higher in infertile participants compared to controls (P < 0.001) . The concentration of CAT in the seminal plasma of oligozoospermic and asthenozoospermic men was not significantly different from that of normospermic men. DFI correlated negatively with seminal antioxidant status (SOD, CAT) and MDA, while CAT correlated positively with SOD and MDA. Conclusion: The impacts of oxidative stress include the breakage of DNA in sperm, with lipid peroxidation being the primary cause of idiopathic male infertility. This is associated with less successful fertility outcomes in couples. According to the findings that we obtained, the sperm DNA fragmentation index as well as malondialdehyde are substantially associated with the quality of the sperm.
Motivational Practices in Reading Interventions for Students With or at Risk for Dyslexia

The purposes of this study were to (a) describe the extent to which motivational practices are incorporated in foundational reading interventions for students with or at risk for dyslexia in kindergarten through Grade 5 (K–5) and (b) explore whether the presence and type of motivational practices (i.e., supports vs. strategies) within foundational reading interventions influenced the magnitude of the intervention effects on reading outcomes. We analyzed the same set of studies as Hall et al. (2022), who meta-analyzed experimental and quasi-experimental research of reading interventions implemented with K–5 students with or at risk for dyslexia from 1980 to 2020. Results of the current study show that only 44% of the interventions included motivational practices. The majority (84%) of those interventions addressed student motivation and engagement through motivational supports, such as game-like activities, paired work, and setting improvement goals. A much smaller percentage (16%) provided explicit motivational strategy instruction. Results indicated that reading interventions that include direct motivational strategy instruction tend to have larger effects on reading outcomes than both interventions without any motivational practices and those that include motivational supports only. The positive effect of motivational strategy instruction was stronger on measures of word reading than overall reading or reading comprehension outcomes. These findings highlight the need to address motivational challenges of students with reading difficulties and lend insight into how foundational reading skills interventions can be bolstered through incorporating motivational strategy instruction.
Association between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Although polysomnography is the gold standard method to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), there is an ongoing quest for simpler and relatively inexpensive biomarkers of disease presence and severity. To address this issue, we conducted a systematic review of the potential diagnostic role of the red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a routine hematological parameter of red blood cell volume variability, in OSAS. A total of 1478 articles were initially identified in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar, from their inception to February 2023, and 20 were selected for final analysis. The RDW was significantly higher in OSAS than in non-OSAS subjects (SMD = 0.44, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.67, p < 0.001; low certainty of evidence). In univariate meta-regression, the mean oxygen saturation (SpO2) was significantly associated with the effect size. No significant between-group differences were observed in subgroup analyses. Notably, in OSAS subjects, the RDW SMD progressively increased with disease severity. In conclusion, these results suggest that the RDW is a promising biomarker of OSAS (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023398047).
Profitability, Capital Intensity, and Company Size against Tax Avoidance with Leverage as an Intervening Variable

This study aims to determine whether profitability, capital intensity, and company size, directly and indirectly, affect tax avoidance with leverage as an intervening variable in financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The year 2018-2021 is used as an observation period. Purposive sampling was chosen as a sample sorting method with the results of a study of 106 companies with 269 observation data. This type of research is quantitative using WarpPLS 8.0. The research results are that profitability, capital intensity, and company size directly affect tax avoidance, and profitability and company size indirectly affect tax avoidance through the leverage of intervening variables. However, the capital intensity does not indirectly affect tax avoidance through leverage as an intervening variable. The implication of this study is the importance of doing tax planning for companies.
Effect of Health Education on Schistosomiasis Control Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice after Schistosomiasis Blocking: Results of a Longitudinal Observational Study in the Field

Objectives: Schistosomiasis is a zoonotic infectious disease that seriously harms people’s physical and mental health. As early as 1985, the WHO suggested that health education and health promotion should be the focus of schistosomiasis prevention work. This study aimed to explore the effect of health education on controlling the risk of schistosomiasis transmission after schistosomiasis blocking and to provide a scientific basis for the further improvement of intervention strategies after schistosomiasis interruption in China and other endemic countries. Methods: In Jiangling County, Hubei Province, China, one severe, one moderate, and one mildly endemic village were selected as the intervention group; two severe, two moderate, and two mildly endemic villages were selected as the control group. In towns with different epidemic types, a primary school was randomly selected for intervention. In September 2020, a baseline survey was carried out through a questionnaire survey to understand the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of adults and students concerning schistosomiasis control. Next, two rounds of health education interventions for schistosomiasis control were carried out. The evaluation survey was conducted in September 2021 and the follow-up survey conducted in September 2022. Results: Compared with the baseline survey, the qualified rate of the KAP on schistosomiasis prevention of the control group in the follow-up survey increased from 79.1% (584/738) to 81.0% (493/609) (p > 0.05); in the intervention group, the qualified rate of the KAP on schistosomiasis control increased from 74.9% (286/382) to 88.1% (260/295) (p < 0.001). In the baseline survey, the qualified rate of the KAP of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group, and in the follow-up survey, the qualified rate of the KAP of the intervention group was 7.2% higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Compared with the baseline survey, the accuracy rates of the KAP of the intervention group’s adults were higher than those of the control group, with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Compared with the baseline survey, the qualified rate of the students’ KAP in the follow-up survey increased from 83.8% (253/302) to 97.8% (304/311) (p < 0.001). In the follow-up survey, the accuracy rate of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the students was significantly different from the baseline accuracy (p < 0.001). Conclusion: a health education-led risk control model of schistosomiasis can significantly improve schistosomiasis control knowledge among adults and students, establishing correct attitudes and leading to the development of correct hygiene habits.
Incorporating Moldable Demineralized Dentin Matrix into Treatment for a Jaw Cyst

The enucleation procedure is a standard treatment for jaw cysts; however, it often results in post-operative bony defects. These defects can lead to serious complications such as the risk of pathologic fracture and delayed wound healing, especially in the case of large cysts where there may be soft tissue dehiscence. Even in the case of smaller cysts, most cystic defects remain visible on postoperative radiographs and can be mistaken for cyst recurrence during follow-up periods. To avoid such complications, the use of bone graft materials should be considered. While autogenous bone is the most ideal graft material as it can be regenerated into functional bone, it has limitations due to the inevitable harvesting surgery. Many tissue engineering studies have been conducted to develop substitutes for autogenous bone. One such material is moldable-demineralized dentin matrix (M-DDM), which can aid in regeneration in cases of cystic defects. This case report highlights a patient who demonstrated the efficacy of M-DDM in bone healing for filling the cystic defect.
On the Location of Zeros of Polynomials

The different results proved in this paper do not have very much in common. Since they all deal with the location of the zeros of a polynomial, we have decided to put them in one place. Improving upon a classical result of Cauchy we obtain in § 2 a circle containing all the zeros of a polynomial. In § 3 we obtain an extension of the well known theorem of Enestrőm and Kakeya concerning the zeros of a polynomial whose coefficients are non-negative and monotonie.
MANAGING SERVICE QUALITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION OF PAKISTAN: A PRAGMATIC MODEL FOR STUDENTS SATISFACTION (Empirical evidence to inform Public Policy)

In higher education, the key resource for the achievement of institutional objectives is the enhancement of high-quality education and the highest level of student satisfaction. Quality assurance cultivates a successful education system in the country. Thus, this study observed the impact of “service quality dimensions on university student’s satisfaction through the framework of “HedPERF (higher education performance)”. The sample was purposively drawn from 300 university students of Karachi, and the data were analyzed by using “structural equation modelling (SEM)”. Additionally, significant associations were found between service quality dimensions and the satisfaction of students. The discussed findings embrace the implications for HEIs and practitioners of quality management.
Unpacking the Relationship between Fear Motives and Self-Control Strategies among Managers: The Mediating Role of Intrusive Thoughts

In motive research, only a handful of studies have appeared on the correlates and antecedents of fear motives. In this research, we contribute to both research and practice by investigating the relationships between fear motives, intrusive thoughts, self-control strategies, and positive affect. We propose that fear motives, similar to trait anxiety, are positively associated with intrusive thoughts and that intrusive thoughts, in return, are negatively related to the frequency with which individuals employ self-control strategies. Finally, we propose that the frequency of self-control strategies is positively associated with positive affect. To test these, two field studies with managers (Study 1: N = 100 and Study 2: N = 80) were conducted. Bayesian mediation analyses showed that in both Study 1 and Study 2, fear motives were positively associated with intrusive thoughts, and intrusive thoughts were negatively related to self-control strategies. Additionally, in line with predictions, intrusive thoughts mediated the fear motives-self-control strategies relation. Finally, in Study 2, we found self-regulation strategies to be significantly and positively associated with positive affect. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.
How well are open science practices implemented in industrial and organizational psychology and management?

ABSTRACT To address the low reproducibility and replicability of research, Open Science Practices (OSPs) have been developed. Yet, despite increasing awareness of their potential benefits, there has been only little implementation. As journals can act as gatekeepers for scientific discoveries, a potential tendency not to mention OSPs on their websites may help to explain this implementation gap. Therefore, we examined the implementation of OSPs and potential barriers in industrial and organizational psychology and management (IOP/management) journals. Study 1 examined whether and how N = 257 journal websites referred to OSPs. We found that most journals did not mention OSPs. Specifically, only two (1.0%), five (2.5%), and 14 (6.9%) IOP/management journals mentioned preregistration, registered reports, and explicitly welcomed replications, respectively. Study 2 investigated perceived barriers to implementing OSPs with a survey among editors of the IOP/management journals from Study 1. Among the 40 responding editors, 14, 10, and five attributed the lacking implementation of OSPs to a lesser suitability of OSPs for qualitative research, missing authority, and missing familiarity with OSPs, respectively. Based on our findings, the implementation gap could be mitigated by developing new and refining extant OSPs, starting bottom-up initiatives (e.g., researchers directly contacting publishers), and increasing the availability of information on OSPs.