Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Ethnoscience Based STEM Improve Student Critical Thinking Skills Ability in Chemistry Learning? Meta-analysis

The purpose of this study is to synthesize the effect of Ethnoscience-based STEM model size on students' critical thinking skills in chemistry learning. This type of research is a meta-analysis study. The research sample came from an analysis of 15 national and international journals that met the inclusion criteria. Data sources are accessed through Google Scholar, Wiley, ProQuest, ScienceDirect and Taylor of Francis. The data search keyword is the STEM model; Ethnoscience; The influence of ethnoscience-based STEM; and Students' critical thinking skills. Data analysis calculates the value of summary effect size or mean effect size with JASP. The results showed a positive influence of ethnoscience-based STEM models on students' critical thinking skills (Z = 8.685; p < 0.001). This finding explains that ethnoscience-based STEM models have a significant impact on students' critical thinking skills in chemistry learning with high categories (rE = 0.853). The ethnoscience-based STEM model provides solutions for teachers to encourage students' critical thinking skills in chemistry learning at school.
Learning English At Workplace From E-Module To Improve English Proficiency Of Employees At Besilam Village

This research purposed to design and develop an E-Module for English at workplace at Administrative Office in Besilam village. This research used Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model with five stages; Firstly was analyzing problems, potentials, and needs. Secondly was designing to determine Canva application used, the design/theme of the e-module, and the format. Thirdly is developing the design that has been previously made by using Canva application. In addition, at this stage, a validation test was conducted for the validators, namely material experts, linguists, and media experts to determine the feasibility of the E-Module that has been designed and developed. Fourthly is the implementation. In this stage, a practicality test and effectiveness test were administered to the staff and the instructor. Lastly was the evaluation. At this evaluation stage, the improvement of E-Module that has been given input by material experts, linguists, and media experts. Quantitative and qualitative data were used to collect the information. The research findings proved that the average score for eligibility assessment was 91.34%, the average score for practicality assessment was 95.01%, and the average score for effectiveness was 85. In conclusion, the eligibility assessment was classified as "Very Eligible", the practicality assessment was classified as "Very Practical", and the effectiveness assessment was classified as "Very Effective". E-module of English at workplace can be used as an alternative method to improve English proficiency to be better.
Comment on Marsigliante et al. Effects on Children’s Physical and Mental Well-Being of a Physical-Activity-Based School Intervention Program: A Randomized Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 1927

We conducted a critical review of the article “Effects on Children’s Physical and Mental Well-Being of a Physical-Activity-Based School Intervention Program: A Randomized Study”, published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health in 2023 as part of the Special Issue “Psychomotricity and Physical Education in School Health”. We identified multiple mistakes in the statistical analyses applied. First, the authors claim to have found a statistically significant association between the proposed intervention and change in body composition (body mass index (BMI) percentiles, relative fat mass, and BMI classes) by way of exhibiting differences in nominal significance between the pre- and post-intervention changes within the control and intervention groups, instead of exhibiting a significant difference between groups. Furthermore, the analysis described fails to account for clustering and nesting in the data. The reporting of the statistical methods and results include multiple elements that are variously incorrect, incoherent, or impossible. Revised statistical analyses are proposed which can render the study’s methods valid and its results substantiated, whereas the current methods and results are invalid and unsubstantiated, respectively.
Ophiolitic and metamorphic assemblages of southeast Anatolia and their significance in the geological evolution of the orogenic belt

The southeast Anatolian orogen may be divided into three roughly east-west trending structural zones formed as a result of continental collision between the Taurus platform and the Arabian continent. Along the orogenic belt, metamorphic and ophiolitic rocks occur widely. The ophiolites represent remnants of the ocean or oceans which were totally consumed between these converging continental blocks during Late Cretaceous to Miocene period. Metamorphic rocks formed from the oceanic as well as the continental rocks which were incorporated into a nappe stack during the consumption of the oceanic lithosphere and the progressive southward advance of the nappes toward the Arabian continent. The metamorphic units, together with the ophiolite associations, provide stratigraphic and petrologic evidence indicating time, place, and environment of formation of these units; the metamorphic units also provide evidence of nappe transportation stages which are complementary to the data derived from the sedimentary successions in the evaluation of the orogenic evolution of southeast Anatolian orogen.
Characteristics of ABCC4 and ABCG2 High Expression Subpopulations in CRC—A New Opportunity to Predict Therapy Response

Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, causing thousands to die each year. Its complex molecular nature leads to significant heterogeneity and variable responses to therapy. ABC proteins, which for many years were regarded as the pillar of the resistance to chemotherapy because they export anticancer drugs from cancer cells, have recently been identified as interesting molecular markers associated with many other physiological functions. We previously reported that during the phenotypic transition, CRC differentially regulates the expression of two transporters, ABCC4 and ABCG2. In cells with a mesenchymal and invasive phenotype, ABCC4 is upregulated, and ABCG2 is downregulated. We have therefore decided to explore this phenomenon by analysing samples from CRC patients with high expression of either ABCC4 or ABCG2 to determine their potential use as markers of therapeutic outcome. Abstract Background: Our previous findings proved that ABCC4 and ABCG2 proteins present much more complex roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) than typically cancer-associated functions as drug exporters. Our objective was to evaluate their predictive/diagnostic potential. Methods: CRC patients’ transcriptomic data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE18105, GSE21510 and GSE41568) were discriminated into two subpopulations presenting either high expression levels of ABCC4 (ABCC4 High) or ABCG2 (ABCG2 High). Subpopulations were analysed using various bioinformatical tools and platforms (KEEG, Gene Ontology, FunRich v3.1.3, TIMER2.0 and STRING 12.0). Results: The analysed subpopulations present different gene expression patterns. The protein–protein interaction network of subpopulation-specific genes revealed the top hub proteins in ABCC4 High: RPS27A, SRSF1, DDX3X, BPTF, RBBP7, POLR1B, HNRNPA2B1, PSMD14, NOP58 and EIF2S3 and in ABCG2 High: MAPK3, HIST2H2BE, LMNA, HIST1H2BD, HIST1H2BK, HIST1H2AC, FYN, TLR4, FLNA and HIST1H2AJ. Additionally, our multi-omics analysis proved that the ABCC4 expression correlates with substantially increased tumour-associated macrophage infiltration and sensitivity to FOLFOX treatment. Conclusions: ABCC4 and ABCG2 may be used to distinguish CRC subpopulations that present different molecular and physiological functions. The ABCC4 High subpopulation demonstrates significant EMT reprogramming, RNA metabolism and high response to DNA damage stimuli. The ABCG2 High subpopulation may resist the anti-EGFR therapy, presenting higher proteolytical activity.
Elevated Serum Gastrin Is Associated with Melanoma Progression: Putative Role in Increased Migration and Invasion of Melanoma Cells

Micro-environmental factors, including stromal and immune cells, cytokines, and circulating hormones are well recognized to determine cancer progression. Melanoma cell growth was recently shown to be suppressed by cholecystokinin/gastrin (CCK) receptor antagonists, and our preliminary data suggested that melanoma patients with Helicobacter gastritis (which is associated with elevated serum gastrin) might have an increased risk of cancer progression. Therefore, in the present study, we examined how gastrin may act on melanoma cells. In 89 melanoma patients, we found a statistically significant association between circulating gastrin concentrations and melanoma thickness and metastasis, which are known risk factors of melanoma progression and prognosis. Immunocytochemistry using a validated antibody confirmed weak to moderate CCK2R expression in both primary malignant melanoma cells and the melanoma cell lines SK-MEL-2 and G361. Furthermore, among the 219 tumors in the Skin Cutaneous Melanoma TCGA Pan-Cancer dataset showing gastrin receptor (CCKBR) expression, significantly higher CCKBR mRNA levels were linked to stage III–IV than stage I–II melanomas. In both cell lines, gastrin increased intracellular calcium levels and stimulated cell migration and invasion through mechanisms inhibited by a CCK2 receptor antagonist. Proteomic studies identified increased MMP-2 and reduced TIMP-3 levels in response to gastrin that were likely to contribute to the increased migration of both cell lines. However, the effects of gastrin on tumor cell invasion were relatively weak in the presence of the extracellular matrix. Nevertheless, dermal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, known also to express CCK2R, increased gastrin-induced cancer cell invasion. Our data suggest that in a subset of melanoma patients, an elevated serum gastrin concentration is a risk factor for melanoma tumor progression, and that gastrin may act on both melanoma and adjacent stromal cells through CCK2 receptors to promote mechanisms of tumor migration and invasion.
Improving the Productivity of Pakistan's Irrigation: the Importance of Management Choices.

Pakistan is used as an illustration of the effect of water scarcity on the productivity of irrigated agriculture. Productivity is diminished by the accumulation of salts in the soil. Management alternatives to improve the situation are described. In many areas the only feasible solution is to gradually decrease the acreage of crops that require large amounts of water, such as sugarcane and rice. The productivity of irrigated agriculture is found to depend on the political will to make changes and set up a regulatory system to enforce new rules, as well as a significant attitudinal change on the part of the farmers involved.
Effect of skipping breakfast on cardiovascular risk factors: a grade-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies

Skipping breakfast is one of the most prevalent irregular eating habits. Several pieces of evidence have reported the association between breakfast omission and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. Numerous publications have focused on the impact of skipping breakfast on various cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess this impact, especially with regard to anthropometric measurements, serum lipid profiles, blood pressure, and glycemic control indicators. A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to 1 April 2023. A total of 11 eligible trials were identified to evaluate the combined effects of skipping breakfast. Final integrated results demonstrated that breakfast omission significantly decreased the body weight (mean difference = −0.66, 95% CI: −1.09 to −0.24, p = 0.002, I2 = 0.0) and increased the level of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (mean difference = 9.89, 95% CI: 5.14 to 14.63, p = 0.000, I2 = 17.3). Subgroup analysis also revealed potential factors that may affect the outcomes, for example, the physiological condition of participants, duration, gender, and type of breakfast. In conclusion, skipping breakfast may reduce body weight while increasing the level of serum LDL-C at the same time. In view of the limited trials, further studies are needed to expound the role of breakfast omission in cardiovascular diseases.
Interdecadal Changes of Temperature in the Beijing Region and its Heat Island Effect

Large scale temperature changes and heat island effect in the Beijing region are investigated in this paper using the annual mean temperature data from 1960 to 2000 at 20 meteorological stations. Main conclusions are the following two points. First, the interannual changes of the temperature in the region show a feature of large-scale temperature change. 1981 is a remarkable jump point, the temperature increases by 0.55°C after the jump and the warming rate in the recent 40 years is 0.25°C/10-year. Second, the urban heat island effect in the Beijing region is typical. The averaged urban heat island intensity over 1960~2000 is about 1°C. Along with the acceleration of urban construction and urbanization, the urban heat island intensity is also increasing, and its growth rate in the recent 40 years is 0.31°C/10-year.
Modelling of speleothems failure in the Hotton cave (Belgium). Is the failure earthquake induced?

Abstract To provide quantitative information on the ground acceleration necessary to break speleothems, laboratory measurements on samples of stalagmite have been performed to study their failure in bending. Due to their high natural frequencies, speleothems can be considered as rigid bodies to seismic strong ground motion. Using this simple hypothesis and the determined mechanical properties (a minimum value of 0.4 MPa for the tensile failure stress has been considered), modelling indicates that horizontal acceleration ranging from 0.3 m/s2 to 100 m/s2 (0.03 to 10g) are necessary to break 35 broken speleothems of the Hotton cave for which the geometrical parameters have been determined. Thus, at the present time, a strong discrepancy exists between the peak accelerations observed during earthquakes and most of the calculated values necessary to break speleothems. One of the future research efforts will be to understand the reasons of the defined behaviour. It appears fundamental to perform measurements on in situ speleothems.
A Trend Analysis of Violent Crimes in Malaysia

The mass and social media depict rising crime rates, especially violent crime; subsequently illustrating an uncivil, dangerous and unsafe environment. The focus of this study was on determining whether these portrayals are reflective of actual crime occurrences and provide information beyond prevalence rates. Based on the lack of structured information, this trend analysis sought to discern longitudinal patterns underlying the incidences of violent crimes throughout Malaysia between the years 2004 and 2013. An archival time series analysis from police records was performed. Relevant information was obtained with permission, from the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP); regarding various types of violent crimes. For the analysis, all reported cases of violent crime were taken into consideration. In total, 314,675 cases were reported in the ten year duration throughout Malaysia. From the RMP records, the categories of violent crime for this study were: murder, rape, burglary and battery. In general, violent crimes in Malaysia occurred in a fluctuating pattern. Unlike media depictions, violent crime rates are not steadily increasing. The highest number of violent crimes were recorded in the year 2009 (42,365 cases) followed by the year 2008. Three highest type of violent crimes recorded were gang robbery without fire arm, robbery without fire arm and battery. Selangor had the highest recorded cases (91,962 cases) followed by Kuala Lumpur and Johor whilst Perlis had the lowest recorded cases (1,240 cases). In order to formulate effective strategies to reduce the risk of violent crime, the extent and nature of such crimes need to be understood. For that, a trend analysis is vital as it detects significant variations of violent crimes over time. Therefore, the results of this present study may be beneficial for many key personnel such as policy makers and criminal justice figures. These in turn could be used as a diagnostic tool for the prevention of violent crimes.
Updates on congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy

Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) is a rare genetic corneal disorder causing progressive cornea clouding and significant visual impairment. CHED remains a leading indication for pediatric corneal transplantation despite its infrequency, particularly in regions with high consanguinity rates like Southeast Asia. Identifying the Solute Carrier Family 4 Member 11 (SLC4A11) gene as the genetic basis of CHED has led to the discovery of it's various genetic variations. However, a comprehensive understanding of its clinical-genetic correlation, pathophysiology, and optimal management is ongoing. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge about CHED, covering its genetic origins, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation, and management strategies. Surgical intervention, such as penetrating keratoplasty (PK), Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK), and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), remains the primary treatment. DSAEK and DMEK offer advantages over PK, including quicker visual recovery, reduced complications, and longer graft survival, especially in the pediatric age group. The timing of surgical interventions depends on disease severity, age at presentation, comorbidities, and visual potential. Elevated oxidative stress in CHED corneal tissue suggests potential benefits from anti-inflammatory drugs to rescue mutated endothelial cells. Considering the limitations of corneal graft surgeries, exploring novel gene-based molecular therapies are essential for future management. Early diagnosis, appropriate surgical interventions, amblyopia control, and genetic counseling for predictive analysis are pivotal for optimizing CHED management. A multidisciplinary approach involving ophthalmologists, researchers, and genetic counselors is essential for precise diagnosis and optimal care for CHED patients.
Working with roubles and failures in conversation between humans and robots: workshop report

This paper summarizes the structure and findings from the first Workshop on Troubles and Failures in Conversations between Humans and Robots. The workshop was organized to bring together a small, interdisciplinary group of researchers working on miscommunication from two complementary perspectives. One group of technology-oriented researchers was made up of roboticists, Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) researchers and dialogue system experts. The second group involved experts from conversation analysis, cognitive science, and linguistics. Uniting both groups of researchers is the belief that communication failures between humans and machines need to be taken seriously and that a systematic analysis of such failures may open fruitful avenues in research beyond current practices to improve such systems, including both speech-centric and multimodal interfaces. This workshop represents a starting point for this endeavour. The aim of the workshop was threefold: Firstly, to establish an interdisciplinary network of researchers that share a common interest in investigating communicative failures with a particular view towards robotic speech interfaces; secondly, to gain a partial overview of the “failure landscape” as experienced by roboticists and HRI researchers; and thirdly, to determine the potential for creating a robotic benchmark scenario for testing future speech interfaces with respect to the identified failures. The present article summarizes both the “failure landscape” surveyed during the workshop as well as the outcomes of the attempt to define a benchmark scenario.
Effects of Dietary Folic Acid Supplementation on Sex Differences in Oriental River Prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense

Simple Summary Understanding sex differences in the utilization of folic acid is essential for Macrobrachium nipponense in their feed formulation programs. In the present study, prawns were fed diets formulated with three folic acid levels to assess growth performance, fecundity, oxidation resistance, and the transcriptome difference between males and females. The current results indicated females appear to require more folic acid levels during the reproductive stage and have a better tolerance to thermal stress compared to males when fed with the same dietary folic acid levels. Abstract To better understand the sex differences in the utilization of folic acid for male and female prawns, Macrobrachium nipponense, three experimental diets with graded folic acid contents (A: 1.22 mg/kg, B: 5.44 mg/kg, and C: 10.09 mg/kg) were provided to prawns for 8 weeks. The experimental study demonstrated that prawns fed diets containing 1.22 mg/kg showed the best values on body weight gain (BWG), specific growth rate (SGR), and individual weight for both males and females. Male prawns fed above 1.22 mg/kg of dietary folic acid significantly decreased the crude protein contents in their bodies (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were observed in females among all treatments (p > 0.05). The protease activity of the hepatopancreas in females was significantly (p < 0.05) improved by a dietary level of 10.09 mg/kg of folic acid. However, the opposite trend was observed in males, with the highest protease activity observed at a dietary level of 1.22 mg/kg folic acid. Increasing dietary folic acid levels did not suppress early maturation but led to an increase in the fecundity of females. Furthermore, prawns fed with 10.09 mg/kg of folic acid exhibited improved tolerance against thermal stress in both males and females. Transcriptome analysis revealed that during thermal stress, the “Oxidative phosphorylation” and “Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis” signaling pathways were significantly enriched in females, and the “Fatty acid biosynthesis” signaling pathway was significantly enriched in males. The results of this study preliminarily evaluate the differences between male and female M. nipponense in response to different dietary folic acid levels and are helpful in promoting the health and growth of aquaculture production of this species.
Retrievals of Antarctic aerosol characteristics using a Sun‐sky radiometer during the 2001–2002 austral summer campaign

[1] In order to characterize the Antarctic aerosol and to analyze the effect of katabatic winds on the properties of suspended particles, measurements of solar direct and diffuse irradiance were carried out at the Italian Terra Nova Bay station in Antarctica, during the 2001–2002 austral summer campaign. Measurements were performed by the groundbased PREDE sky radiometer and processed by using the Skyrad inversion code. Aerosol optical thickness at 500 nm was found to vary between 0.01 and 0.02. The volume size distribution curves showed bimodal features with the two modes located within 0.1– 0.3 mm and 5–7 mm radius intervals, respectively. The real part of the refractive index characterizing the Antarctic aerosol was found to have a mean value of 1.40. During the katabatic event the analysis indicated that the advection of larger and drier fresh particles, together with the removal of marine suspended particles, caused the decrease in aerosol optical thickness.