Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Nutrient Supplementation on Torulaspora Delbrueckii Wine Fermentation Aroma

This study was performed with the aim of characterizing the fermentative performance of three commercial strains of Torulaspora delbrueckii and their impact on the production of volatile and non-volatile compounds. Laboratory-scale single culture fermentations were performed using a commercial white grape juice. The addition of commercial nutrient products enabled us to test the yeasts under two different nutrient conditions. The addition of nutrients promoted fermentation intensity from 9% to 20 % with significant differences (p < 0.05) among the strains tested. The strain diversity together with the nutrient availability influenced the production of volatile compounds.
Documentation status, gender, and health selection of immigrants: Evidence from Mexican–US migration

Recent research has revealed an epidemiologic paradox within immigrants: undocumented immigrants often exhibit similar or even better health outcomes than documented immigrants despite their socioeconomic disadvantages. The present study examines whether this paradox partly reflects heterogeneity in immigrant health selection by documentation status and gender. We examine the case of Mexico-US immigration using data from the Mexican Migration Project, which provides pre-migration health and detailed migration histories. Results demonstrate notable diversity in immigrant health selection. Undocumented Mexican immigrant men are especially positively selected on health. Better pre-migration health also increases recurrent undocumented migration trips. Documented Mexican immigrant men, in contrast, do not exhibit a significant level of positive health selection. For Mexican women, both documented and undocumented migrants are positively selected on the basis of health, and the degree of health selection is irrespective of their documentation status. These findings suggest that immigrant health selection can operate differently depending on the risks and maturity of migration. Taking into account both documentation status and gender is essential for a more accurate understanding of immigrant health selection and has important implications for investigating the impact of undocumented status on immigrant health.
The Role of Natural and Sexual Selection in the Origin and Maintenance of Divergence Within and Between the Mexican Sailfin Mollies, Poecilia velifera and P. petenensis

Understanding speciation remains a holy grail of evolutionary biology. One useful approach is studying the evolutionary mechanisms important in population divergence to infer the mechanisms important in speciation. This method is especially useful when closely related species can be compared to determine whether intraspecific differences parallel interspecific differences. I studied population divergence in two species of Mexican sailfin mollies, Poecilia velifera and P. petenensis. These closely related species are particularly useful for this type of study, as they live in habitats that may differ in the importance of natural selection. In addition, these species may differ in the importance and strength of sexual selection, as males exhibit secondary sexual morphological and behavioral traits. To understand population divergence, I compared morphology among populations in both species. In addition, I observed male mating behaviors to understand the pattern of behavioral differences among populations. Finally, I used microsatellite loci to determine neutral genetic differentiation both within and between the two species. Morphologically, I found that populations in both species were differentiated, and while some morphological trait differences were shared among populations in both species, important differences were also present. For example, caudal peduncle differences among populations in P. petenensis, but not P. velifera, suggest that habitat differences may shape some morphological differences. Males of P.
The Proximity Puzzle in Cross-Border Regions

ABSTRACT This paper studies cross-border cooperation at the US-Canadian Cascadia region by implementing an in-depth analysis to examine the role of cognitive proximity as a proxy for favourable conditions for cross-border economic interaction (measured as co-publications, co-patents and networking). The analysis deploys primary and secondary data sources analysed with qualitative and quantitative methods. Based on the results, the case study region demonstrates what is termed as a ‘proximity puzzle’: relatively low levels of economic interaction despite high cognitive proximity across the border. The paper concludes by discussing, based on survey data, the barriers that impede cross-border economic interaction.
Trends and Variability in Stratospheric NOx Derived From Merged SAGE II and OSIRIS Satellite Observations

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the stratosphere are produced from N2O, which is the dominant emission contributing to stratospheric ozone depletion in the 21st century and an important anthropogenic greenhouse gas. Decades worth of observations are required in order to quantify the variability and trends in stratospheric NOx so that we can better understand their impact on climate. Here we use the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II, a solar occultation instrument that measured NO2 from 1984 to 2005, and the Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imager System (OSIRIS), a limb‐scattering instrument that began measuring NO2 in 2001. By taking advantage of the 4‐year overlap between these instruments it was possible to produce a merged data set of stratospheric NO2, spanning over 34 years. In order to merge the data a photochemical correction was applied to account for the different times of day at which the instruments measure, and to convert the NO2 to NOx. A linear regression model was applied to the merged, deseasonalized data set to identify variability associated with long‐term trends, the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO), and volcanic aerosols. High levels of aerosol associated with large volcanic eruptions were found to greatly influence the calculated trend; when volcanic periods are excluded the trend in NOx is around 10% per decade in the tropical lower stratosphere. In this case, the observed trends and variability from the satellite measurements show overall good agreement with simulations from the whole atmosphere community climate model (WACCM).
The Linkages of Carbon Spot-Futures: Evidence from EU-ETS in the Third Phase

Based on the prices selected from European Energy Exchange (EEX) from 2013 to 2018, we investigate the inter-correlation of carbon spot and futures markets. Specifically, we adopt the widely used DCC-GARCH model and VAR-BEKK-GARCH model to conduct a comprehensive analysis on the carbon market, i.e., the dynamic correlation and volatility spillover between carbon spot and carbon futures. Moreover, we develop a hedge strategy based on the VAR-BEKK-GARCH model and calculate the hedging effectiveness (HE) value to evaluate the strategy performance. The empirical results show that (i) during our sample period, carbon spot and futures markets are highly correlated, (ii) carbon spot overflows to the futures market and vice versa, and (iii) the HE value is equal to 0.9370, indicating a good performance for the hedging strategy. Then, we provide further discussion on the relationship between carbon spot and futures markets by replacing our dataset with the data of phase II. The results do not change our conclusions on the dynamic correlation and volatility spillover. However, the HE value of phase III is higher than that of phase II, which indicates that the carbon futures market of phase III is not only an available market to hedge risk from the contemporaneous carbon spot market but also has a better hedge effectiveness than phase II.
Analysis of Nurses Staff Needs Using Workload Indicate Staff Need in Pediatric Ward With Time Motion Study

Hospital “X” has implemented the WISN calculation method in determining the need for nurses in the Inpatient Room, but this calculation is applied to all inpatients room with the method work sampling while calculating the need for nurses based on the WISN Method can also use the time and motion study method. The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis of the needs of nurses based on the WISN method. The method was descriptive observational with the One-Shot method. The number of samples was 9 nurses when taking action directly, indirectly and personally both of so obtaining 27 times of observations, with a total 12,960 minutes. Observations were done using time and motion study with 5 steps. The results showed that the morning shift was obtained the results of direct activities were 609.35, indirect activities were 1783.13, and personally were 386.23, while evening shift was obtained the results of direct activities were 1119.26, indirect activities were 1413.46 and personally were 466.18, and the night was obtained the results of direct activities were 700.1, indirect activities were 1541.7, and personally were 2126.22, with total workload standards 422773.6674 hours/years. The final results obtained the need for nurses is 28 people, while which are available is 24 nurses, with the WISN Ratio result, it is found that 0.8 is less than 1. The results of this study can be taken into consideration in reducing the number of nursing staff in the morning shift and added the afternoon shift.
A cross sectional questionnaire based study on self medication practice of analgesics among MBBS students at Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka

Background: Self medication with analgesics is prevalent worldwide due to easy procurement of over the counter drugs. Present study was done to assess knowledge, attitude, practice and perception of self medication of analgesics among MBBS students at Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 5th term MBBS students of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bengaluru in November 2019. A pre-designed validated questionnaire was used to collect information on knowledge, attitude, practice and perception of self medication of analgesics. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: 83.3 % of 5th term MBBS students practiced self medication with analgesics. Majority of students had some knowledge on self medication with analgesics. Common reason for using analgesic self medication was headache (59.7%) and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (90%) were commonly used analgesics. Analgesics were used for quick relief (73.3%) and source of information was from medical textbooks (61.6%). Students stopped taking analgesics after symptoms disappeared (75%). Students agreed that self medication is acceptable for medical students (63.3%) and medical license is required for better administration of drugs (51.3%). Conclusions: This study has found that self medication with analgesics was common among undergraduate medical students for minor illness. It is necessary to create awareness and educate students regarding dangers of analgesic self medication.
Internet and its Impact on the Patient-Physician Relationship Patient Visiting Various Dental Clinics in Northern India

INTRODUCTION: Readily available health-related information over the internet has led to increased patient awareness, and this might be a possible factor straining the patient-physician relationship. AIM: To assess the impact of the internet on the patient-physician relationship amongst patient visiting various dental clinics in Northern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 600 pre-tested online questionnaires distributed, a total of 456 (response rate 76%) adequately filled questionnaires were analysed for the impact of internet on the patient-physician relationship. Responses were subsequently tabulated and analysed using SPSS Version 21.0. Statistical significance was kept as p≤0.05. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference (p=.04) was seen amongst males and females regarding their internet usage with a higher proportion of health information being seeked by males. Most internet users (66.6%) followed their physician’s advice before they began using the internet with behavioural changes seen mostly in the 18-30 years age group (75.64%), yet only 14.38% of them informing their physician about such changes. CONCLUSION: It is important that people be advised about the potential risks of believing in sources from the internet with physicians also being advised to spend more quality time with their patients to alleviate them of their fears and doubts.
Ischemic Stroke in Women Admitted in a Tertiary Hospital in Burkina Faso

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of ischemic stroke in Women and to compare vascular risk factors, stroke severity and clinical outcome between patients aged under and older 50 years in a tertiary hospital in Burkina Faso. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional retrospective study on ischemic stroke in adult female patients (≥15 years) admitted in the neurology department of youth from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2017. Results: During study period, ischemic stroke accounted for 57.6% of all stroke. The mean age of women was of 58.88 (± 17.13) years. About 72.2 % of women was aged over 50 years. Hypertension was the most vascular risk factors (69.7%), followed by dyslipidemia (33.6%) and alcohol consumption (32.7%). Oral contraception pills (8.5%) was the most sex related factors followed by migraine (4.6%) and pregnancy or post-partum state (1.8%). The delay of arrival at emergency department was 4.69 days. At admission, 68% of women had severe neurological deficit (NIHSS ≥ 15). The most common causes of stroke were large vessel disease (37.7%), cardio embolic stroke (20%) and small vessel disease (9.5%). Length of stay was 14.21 days with 15.1% of mortality. Functional outcome at discharge was worse (mRS˃2) in 79.6%of women. After bivariate analysis, hypertension, tobacco use, physical inactivity and diabetes mellitus were most frequent in older women (p=0.0001). Oral contraceptive pill, migraine, HIV and pregnancy were most frequent in young women (p˂0.05). Conclusion: There was a long delay between stroke onset and hospital admission. Hypertension was the most vascular risk factor in older women. The majority of women had severe stroke at admission and worse outcome at discharge.
Online Engagement Factors on Instagram Local Fashion Brand Accounts

Instagram is one of the most popular social media among young people. Indeed, Instagram not only used as social media but also a marketing tool for local fashion brands. There are various phenomena of Instagram marketing, yet there is still a lack of explanation of why the phenomena happened. Therefore, to propose an active social media marketing in Instagram for local fashion brands, identification of consumer engagement in social media is necessary. The objective of this research is to identify the forms of communication in which consumers most enthusiastically interact with local fashion brands on Instagram and explore the correlation between Instagram contents of fashion brands with the engagement of the consumers. The researcher surveyed through an online questionnaire as a tool to collect the data with Instagram active users as the requirement for respondents. The researcher found out that the content type of post characteristics influences boosting customer engagement. In this research, the content type classified into entertainment, informative, and remuneration posts. Each content type has different results in controlling customer engagement. Among the three classifications of content types, entertainment content type has the most substantial influence on customer engagement. Therefore, local fashion brands are recommended to utilize their marketing strategy by creating more entertainment content type, among other types on Instagram. Keywords: Instagram, social media marketing, content type, customer engagement.
Effect of pretreatments and drying methods on the quality of dried mango (Mangifera Indica L.) slices

Abstract The present study was conducted to assess the effect of some pretreatments and drying methods on the qualities of dried mango slices. Four pretreatments (lemon juice, salt solution dips, hot water blanching and control) and four drying methods (solar, tray, freeze and fluidized bed drying) were considered and arranged in factorial experimental design. The proximate composition, physicochemical properties, antioxidants and colour were evaluated. The result showed that the pretreatments and drying methods showed significant effects on the proximate composition, physicochemical properties, and color, antioxidants of the dried mango slices. The nutrient analysis showed that mango slices had respective ranges for moisture, protein, fat, fibre, ash and carbohydrate contents (5.63–9.91%, 2.49–2.71%, 2.89–3.16%, 6.51–6.56%, 2.66–2.73% and 75.51–79.35%). The pH, TSS, TA, and hardness of the dried mango slices, respectively were 3.17–3.68, 69.36–86. 29ºBrix, 2.20–2.54 g/100 g and 7.27–15.63 N. The ascorbic acid and phenol contents were affected by drying methods and had respective values of 33.18–41.24 mg/100 g and 131.13–251.12 mg/100 g; these indicate all dried mango slices were good source of nutrition and antioxidants. These findings suggest the freeze and fluidized bed driers after subjected to the pretreatments as the best method for the drying of mango in terms of ascorbic acid and colour preservation. In conclusion, these results indicate that drying technology has an enormous potential to reduce the postharvest of mango in Ethiopia that is estimated between 25-40%.
Projecting introgression from domestic cats into European wildcats in the Swiss Jura

Hybridization between wild and domesticated organisms is a worldwide conservation issue. In the Jura Mountains, threatened European wildcats (Felis silvestris) have been demographically spreading for approximately the last 50 years, but this recovery is coupled with hybridization with domestic cats (Felis catus). Here, we project the pattern of future introgression using different spatially explicit scenarios to model the interactions between the two species, including competition and different population sizes. We project the fast introgression of domestic cat genes into the wildcat population under all scenarios if hybridization is not severely restricted. If the current hybridization rate and population sizes remain unchanged, we expect the loss of genetic distinctiveness between wild and domestic cats at neutral nuclear, mitochondrial and Y chromosome markers in one hundred years. However, scenarios involving a competitive advantage for wildcats and a future increase in the wildcat population size project a slower increase in introgression. We recommend that future studies assess the fitness of these hybrids and better characterize their ecological niche and their ecological interactions with parental species to elucidate effective conservation measures.
Genetic improvement of functional traits in cattle - GIFT

The recognition of the importance of functional traits in cattle (health, fertility, metabolic stress, longevity; Groen et al., 1997), and the possible role of animal breeding in avoiding deterioration and possibly improving functional traits has led to research activities in many EU countries. Research focuses on tool development (unambiguous trait definition, reliable trait recording and proper evaluation procedures) and tool implementation (optimisation of breeding programmes including production and functional traits). The state of the art in these areas was reviewed at a workshop in Gembloux (INTERBULL bulletin no. 12, 1996). At this workshop it was decided to apply for EU subsidies to organise an international concerted action on genetic improvement of functional traits in cattle to stimulate an efficient use of resources for scientific work. The EU subsidies were granted and the 3-year concerted action was started January 1997. The objectives of the GIFT concerted action are: • To bring together researchers and people from breeding organisations from member countries of the EU, and other countries with major interests in cattle production, to develop concepts for breeding of functional traits by defining breeding goals and strategies to achieve the goals; • To enhance collaborative efforts for the further development of efficient recording systems and breeding value estimation procedures; • To stimulate the exchange of existing knowledge about the genetic evaluation of functional traits; • To develop recommendations for breeding programmes for functional traits.
Frequency, predictors and prognosis of worsening renal function in patients admitted with acute heart failure.

OBJECTIVE To calculate frequency of worsening renal failure (WRF) in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), to evaluate predictors of WRF and to assess its effect on in-hospital and 12 month adverse outcomes. METHODS A single center observational prospective study was conducted on consecutive patients admitted with ADHF from Sept 2016 - February 2017. Follow-up was done for 12 months post discharge. Data were obtained from electronic medical records and telephonic calls. Early adverse outcome was composite of hospital mortality, prolonged length of stay (LOS) >4days or new need for haemodialysis. Intermediate term adverse event was composite of 12 months all-cause mortality or re-hospitalization. RESULTS Total of 247 ADHF patients were admitted. Mean age was 67.6±33.4 years. Males were 163 (65.9%). WRF was found in 57 (23.1%) patients. Predictors of WRF were age>70years, furosemide dose>400mg and admission eGFR <60ml/min. The odds of composite in-hospital outcomes were four times higher in WRF compared to stable renal function (38.6% versus 13.2%, (p<0.01) but were mainly driven by prolonged LOS (4.2 vs. 2.2 days respectively). Follow up was available for 230(97%). Intermediate term outcome was not different between two groups on log rank test. CONCLUSIONS WRF is a significant problem in ADHF, is common in elderly patients, with baseline impaired renal function and is associated with high requirement of diuretics and prolonged hospital stay. Composite of mortality or HF hospitalization at 12 months was not different between the two groups.
Significance of browses in the nutrition oftswana goats

Se evaluo el valor nutritivo de arbustos y arboles ramoneados por cabras Tswana en Botswana. Primero se analizaron las semillas de veinte especies lenosas. La composicion nutritiva de las semillas vario ampliamente: el porcentaje de proteina bruta oscilo entre 6,42 de Bauhania petersiana y 35,59 de Sterculia africana. El segundo estudio mostro que las hojas y brotes de cinco especies lenosas variaron en el nivel de taninos y composicion nutritiva. Las hojas y brotes de Acacia tortilis y Grewia flava tienen niveles similares de proteina bruta, pero diferentes (p<0,05) de taninos. El tercer estudio se llevo a cabo para evaluar los recursos lenosos disponibles para las cabras Tswana explotadas en regimen extensivo en el Sudeste de Botswana. Las especies mas frecuentes fueron Acacia erioloba, A. tortilis, Dichrostachys cinerea, G. flava y Terminalia seracea. La disponibilidad de los recursos vario estacionalmente pero A. tortilis, G. flava y T. seracea, se encontraron disponibles todo el ano. El cuarto estudio fue una experiencia de alimentacion usando chivos, que fueron alimentados con heno de Buchloe dactyloides como dieta basal y Acacia nilotica o D. cinerea como suplementos y heno de alfalfa para el grupo control para evaluar la eficacia de dichos recursos lenosos en la alimentacion. El quinto estudio evaluo durante 98 dias la utilidad de Acacia erubescens y suplemento de heno de B. dactyloides, para pastoreo de las cabras Tswana. Dieciseis chivos Tswana castrados fueron pesados y aleatoriamente distribuidos en cuatro grupos de cuatro repeticiones en un diseno completamente al azar. El estudio demostro que la suplementacion con A. erubescens y el heno de B. dactyloides, mejoro la ganancia de peso de las cabras Tswana en pastoreo.