Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Novel Insecticide Molecules in Mulberry on Larval Parameters of Silkworm Bombyx mori L.

Sericulture is an integral part of the rural economy in an agrarian country like India. India is the second largest silk producing country next only to China. Mulberry is the sole food of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. and is infested by several pests. These pests affect the growth of mulberry and cause considerable damage to the plant and loss in the yield. The insecticides applied for the management of mulberry pests have greater impact on silkworm. Pesticides leave residues on mulberry leaves which have deleterious effect on the sensitive silkworm. To overcome this problem, safe waiting period should be followed for leaf harvest (Yokoyama, 1962). Field observations in India indicated loss of International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 11 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue exendin-4 modulates serotonin transporter expression in intestinal epithelial cells

Serotonin-selective reuptake transporter (SERT) regulates extracellular availability of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and participates in the pathogenesis of functional disorders. Colonic SERT expression is decreased in colonic sensitized rats, and the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, exendin-4, reduces visceral hypersensitivity by decreasing 5-HT levels and increasing SERT expression. The present in vitro study aimed to further investigate the effects of exendin-4 on SERT expression, and to examine the role of GLP-1 and its receptor in the regulation of 5-HT. SERT mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. A [3H]−5-HT reuptake experiment was performed in IEC-6 rat intestinal epithelial cells treated with exendin-4. Effects on the adenosine cyclophosphate (AC)/PKA pathway were examined by variously treating cells with the AC activator forskolin, the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89 and the AC inhibitor SQ22536. Exendin-4 treatment upregulated SERT expression and enhanced 5-HT reuptake in IEC-6 cells. Also, PKA activity in IEC-6 cells was increased by both exendin-4 and forskolin, whereas these effects were abolished by the pre-treatment of exendin-9, which is a GLP-1R inhibitor, SQ22536 and H89. In conclusion, exendin-4 may be associated with the upregulation of SERT expression via the AC/PKA signaling pathway.
Evaluation of the Potential Antioxidant Role of High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C) in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Background: Ulcerativecolitisisacommontypeof inﬂammatoryboweldisease(IBD). Theaimof thepresentstudywastoexamine therelationshipbetweenlipidproﬁle,especiallyhigh-densitylipoprotein(HDL),andmalondialdehyde(MDA)levelinpatientswith ulcerative colitis. Methods: In this study, 45 patients with ulcerative colitis were selected, 25 of whom were diagnosed with active disease and 20 were in clinical remission. Moreover, 45 healthy subjects were selected as the controls. The status of serum lipid proﬁle and MDA level were measured via precise photometric methods. The obtained data were analyzed, using independent t-test and correlation coeﬃcient test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically signiﬁcant. Results: Theserumlevelof HDL-Cdecreased,whiletheserumlevelof MDAsigniﬁcantlyincreasedinpatientswithulcerativecolitis incomparisonwiththehealthycontrols(P< 0.05). NosigniﬁcantcorrelationwasobservedbetweentheMDAlevelandtriglyceride, cholesterol, and LDL-C levels in patients with ulcerative colitis. However, a signiﬁcant inverse correlation was observed between HDL-C and MDA levels (r, -0.306; P < 0.05). Conclusions: TheinversecorrelationbetweenHDL-CandMDAlevelscanberegardedasanindicatorof theprotectiveroleof HDL-C againstlipidperoxidationinulcerativecolitis. Inpatientswithulcerativecolitis,theserumlevelof HDL-Cdecreasedincomparison with healthy subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the HDL-C level in patients with ulcerative colitis.
Three years survival rate of epithelial ovarian cancer patients in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Central Java

Objectives: to determine the association between prognostic factors of ovarian cancer with a 3-years survival rate of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Material and Method: Retrospective cohort study was conducted in 90 patients (during 2012) at Dr.Kariadi General Hospital. Kaplan meier, Log rank and Cox regression were used to analyse survival rate and prognostic factors that influence the disease. Result: Overall 3-years survival rate of epithelial ovarian cancer patients were 58.5% (Kaplan meier). Three-years survival rates were 89.3%, 44,4%, and 35.1% for patients in stage I, stage II, and stage III, respectively, and no patient survive up to 3 years in stage IV. Prognostic factors that associated with 3-years survival rate were stage of the disease, ascites, residual tumor, and type of histopathology {p<0,001; p=0,001; p=0,004; p=0,041, respectively (Log rank test)}, whereas age and size of tumor were not associated. After using multivariate analysis (Cox regression) only stage of the disease was associated with 3-years survival rate of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Conclusion: There were an association between stage of the disease, ascites, residual tumor, type of histopathology, and 3-years survival rate of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Stage of the disease was a prognostic factor that most influence 3-years survival rate of epithelial ovarian cancer patiens in this study.
Advocacy output: Automated coding documents from human rights organizations

Abstract Human Rights Organizations (HROs) are very important actors in the promotion and protection of human rights, despite being far less powerful than the actors primarily reponsible for human rights abuses--states. Naming and Shaming is one of the tools most frequently employed by HROs in their efforts to increase respect for rights. This paper reviews the contributions and limitations of existing efforts to collect systematic data that measure the concept of shaming, and introduces a class of quantitative approaches that can be employed to generate data that measure shaming events. The paper proceeds to describe how the process of automated coding works and presents two new datasets measuring shaming in 1) a broad cross section of HROs, and 2) the international media coded using the approaches. The new datasets are compared with existing datasets to illustrate the utility of this approach. Finally, we introduce a way to measure the intensity of HRO shaming statements and describe how measures of intensity can be used to differentiate among approaches of HROs and gauge their effectiveness.
EFFECTS OF A MULTICOMPONENT EXERCISE PROGRAM ON THE FUNCTIONAL FITNESS IN ELDERLY WOMEN

Introduction: Aging is inevitable and irreversible, but with the advancement of technology, life expectancy is increasing every year, bringing proposals for various interventions to improve the quality of life. One such intervention is physical exercise programs. Objectives: To investigate the impact of multicomponent training in circuits on functional autonomy parameters in elderly women. Methods: Elderly were recruited and distributed in two groups: trained (N = 16) and non-trained (N = 15). Those in the trained group performed 75-minute training sessions twice a week over a 56-week period. The resistance training included upper and lower limbs with a relative intensity of 70% of 1RM, exercises using body weight, stretching and specific tasks for agility, performed in a circuit form and totaling three passages. Participants underwent functional autonomy (FA) assessment by the protocol of the Latin American Developmental Group for Maturity, the 6-minute walk test (T6M), and the sit-and-reach (SR) test. Results: The trained group had a significant decrease in body weight (p=0.02) and body mass index (p=0.015). Significant improvements (p=0,009) were also observed in FA, SR, and T6M after the intervention Compared with the untrained group, the trained group also obtained significant differences in all functional parameters analyzed. Conclusion: A long-term multicomponent training program conducted on a circuit and applied twice a week was enough to improve multiple components of the functional autonomy of elderly women. Level of Evidence II; Prognostic studies Investigating the effect of a patient characteristic on the outcome of disease.
A CASE OF ACQUIRED GENERALIZED LIPODYSTROPHY ASSOCIATED WITH PEMBROLIZUMAB IN A PATIENT WITH METASTATIC MALIGNANT MELANOMA.

Objective To describe an unusual immune-related adverse event (irAE), acquired generalized lipodystrophy (AGL), from checkpoint inhibitor therapy in a patient treated with pembrolizumab. Methods This is a case report of a 67-year-old male with metastatic melanoma who was treated with pembrolizumab. Prior to pembrolizumab, the patient was treated with another immune-checkpoint inhibitor and developed autoimmune hemolytic anemia. After starting pembrolizumab, he developed a scrotal mass consistent with panniculitis and after several subsequent cycles, he developed AGL. Results Loss of subcutaneous fat, unexplained weight loss in combination with worsening insulin resistance and worsening hypertriglyceridemia after initiation of pembrolizumab were consistent with AGL. Autoimmune disorders and other etiologies were ruled out. Despite this irAE, the patient continued to receive pembrolizumab given stabilization of melanoma with treatment. Conclusion We report the second case of a patient who developed AGL secondary to pembrolizumab, and the fourth case to report such complication secondary to antiprogrammed cell death receptor-1 inhibitors. As use of checkpoint inhibitors becomes more common to treat several types of cancer, it is vital for clinicians to recognize these rare irreversible complications that are not frequently reported in clinical trials.
Drosophila SWR1 and NuA4 complexes are defined by DOMINO isoforms

Histone acetylation and deposition of H2A.Z variant are integral aspects of active transcription. In Drosophila, the single DOMINO chromatin regulator complex is thought to combine both activities via an unknown mechanism. Here we show that alternative isoforms of the DOMINO nucleosome remodeling ATPase, DOM-A and DOM-B, directly specify two distinct multi-subunit complexes. Both complexes are necessary for transcriptional regulation but through different mechanisms. The DOM-B complex incorporates H2A.V (the fly ortholog of H2A.Z) genome-wide in an ATP-dependent manner, like the yeast SWR1 complex. The DOM-A complex, instead, functions as an ATP-independent histone acetyltransferase complex similar to the yeast NuA4, targeting lysine 12 of histone H4. Our work provides an instructive example of how different evolutionary strategies lead to similar functional separation. In yeast and humans, nucleosome remodeling and histone acetyltransferase complexes originate from gene duplication and paralog specification. Drosophila generates the same diversity by alternative splicing of a single gene. Highlights Isoforms of DOMINO dictate the formation of distinct complexes DOM-B complex is the Drosophila SWR1 and incorporates H2A.V genome-wide DOM-A complex acetylates H4K12 and is the Drosophila NuA4
Patient dose measurement in common medical X-ray examinations and propose the first local dose reference levels to diagnostic radiology in Iran

Abstract Introduction: The main purpose of this study was to investigate patient dose in pelvic and abdomen x-ray examinations. This work also provided the LDRLs (local diagnostic reference levels) in Khuzestan region, southwest of Iran to help establish the NDRLs (national diagnostic reference levels). Methods: Patient doses were assessed from patient’s anatomical data and exposure parameters based on the IAEA indirect dosimetry method. With regard to this method, exposure parameters such as tube output, kVp, mAs, FFD and patient anatomical data were used for calculating ESD (entrance skin dose) of patients. This study was conducted on 250 standard patients (50% men and 50% women) at eight high-patient-load imaging centers. Results: The results indicate that mean ESDs for the both pelvic and abdomen examinations were lower than the IAEA and EC reference levels, 2.3 and 3.7 mGy, respectively. Mean applied kVps were 67 and 70 and mean FFDs were 103 and 109, respectively. Tube loadings obtained in this study for pelvic examination were lower than all the corresponding values in the reviewed literature. Likewise, the average annual patient load across all hospitals were more than 37000 patients, i.e. more than 100 patients a day. Conclusions: The authors recommend that DRLs (diagnostic reference levels) obtained in this region, which are the first available data, can be used as local DRLs for pelvic and abdomen procedures. This work also provides that on-the-job training programs for staffs and close cross collaboration between physicists and physicians should be strongly considered.
Measurement of the Positron to Electron Ratio in the Cosmic Rays above 5 GeV

As part of a series of experiments to search for antimatter in cosmic rays, the New Mexico State University balloon-borne magnet spectrometer was configured for a flight to study positrons. Two completely new instruments, a transition radiation detector and a silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter, were added to the magnet spectrometer. These two detectors provided a proton rejection factor better than 3 × 104. This instrument was flown from Fort Sumner, New Mexico, at an average depth of 4.5 g cm-2 of residual atmosphere for a period of 25 hr. We report here the measured fraction of positrons e+/(e+ + e-) from ~5 to 60 GeV at the top of the atmosphere. Our measurements do not show any compelling evidence for an increase in this ratio with energy, and our results are consistent with a constant fraction of 0.078 ± 0.016 over the entire energy region.
Anesthetic Techniques in Octogenarians and Older Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery for Hip Fracture

Objectives: Hip fracture is common orthopedic problems for patients aged 80 years and older. Because of their decreased cardiopulmonary capacity, an optimal anesthetic technique should be chosen by anesthesiologists. The purpose of the present study is to analyze anesthetic techniques and related postoperative mortality in octogenarians and older who underwent hip fractures surgery. Patients and Methods: We analyzed hip fracture surgeries and identified patients aged 80 years and older between January 2012 and December 2013. Patient age, gender, coexisting diseases, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status classification, anesthetic technique, hematocrit, hemoglobin, total lymphocyte count (TLC), the length of surgery, intraoperative blood transfusion requirements, postoperative discharge ward, the length of postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative status were recorded. Results: We retrospectively identified 106 patients aged 80 years and older underwent hip fracture surgeries. Six (5.6%), 36 (34.0%), 2 (1.9%), 53 (50.0%), and 9 (8.5%) of procedures were performed under general anesthesia (GA), spinal anesthesia (SA), epidural anesthesia, combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA), and peripheral nerve block (PNB), respectively. The postoperative 7 and 30-day mortality were 6.6% and 10.4%, respectively. Age, gender, ASA, hematocrit, hemoglobin, TLC, discharge to the ward, the length of postoperative hospital stay, and the postoperative mortality rates were similar between the GA, SA, CSEA, and PNB. There was no relationship between postoperative mortality and anesthetic technique. Conclusion: In octogenarians and older, the postoperative mortality is higher after hip fracture and is not associated with the anesthetic technique.
Student-teachers’ emotionally challenging classroom events: a typology of their responses

ABSTRACT Direct interaction with students operates as the main source of teachers’ job satisfaction as well as a cause of feelings of distress. Teaching student-teacher appropriate coping strategies might make direct interaction with students a source of greater job satisfaction. A typology has been developed of student-teachers’ responses to stressful classroom events in secondary education with four types of coping: “Varying”, “Being annoyed”, “Problem-solving” and “Avoiding” varying along two underlying dimensions: avoidance-approach and calmness-agitation. The coping types particularly differed in the way student-teachers approached, tolerated, avoided or ignored the classroom event, how agitated they were and the length of the coping response. Implications for teacher education are discussed to support student-teachers with more approach-coping strategies instead of avoidance-coping strategies.
Intraspecific neighbourhood effect: Population‐level consequence of aggregation of highly defended plants

There is increasing evidence that herbivore–plant interactions on a focal plant species are influenced by interspecific neighbourhood effects via neighbouring plants (i.e. an associational effect). However, intraspecific neighborhood effects imposed by plant traits have been less appreciated. Specifically, the significance of intraspecific neighbourhood effects in population‐level consequences of plants has been totally overlooked. Using two varieties of Nicotiana tabacum (high‐ and low‐nicotine), we evaluated the neighbourhood effects based on patch‐level interactions in a split‐plot 3 × 3 factorial experiment that manipulated number of plants (4, 9 and 16 plants) and culture type (monoculture plots with high‐ and low‐nicotine plants, and polyculture plot) in an experimental garden. We found that herbivore visits on plants varied depending on the number of plants per patch and culture type. Presence of more high‐nicotine plants decreased herbivore visits in the four plant plots, and presence of high‐nicotine plants in the nine plant plots decreased herbivore visits on both high‐ and low‐nicotine plants. In contrast, in the 16 plant plots, herbivore visits on high‐nicotine plants in polyculture plots were lower than others, including those on high‐nicotine plants in monoculture plots. Our findings clearly demonstrated that the intraspecific neighbourhood effect could occur depending on the aggregation of highly defended plants (i.e. high density and/or plant‐spacing). This study suggests that multiple mechanisms for the neighbourhood effect simultaneously worked, depending on the patch size and composition of defensive traits of individual plants, and that intraspecific neighbourhood effects may influence population‐level consequences for plant–herbivore interaction. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Comparing the Effects of Ultrasound and Microwave Physiotherapy Treatments on Knee Osteoarthritis by Measuring Osteocalcin Level and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Blood

Background and Objectives: Osteoarthritis is an inflammatory and degenerative joint disease, causing pain, musculoskeletal disorders and would affect functionality, daily life activities and quality of life. Comparing the effects of ultrasound and microwave physiotherapy treatments on knee osteoarthritis by measuring osteocalcin level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in blood. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted in in Hawler teaching hospital and Rzgari teaching hospital over the period December 2018 to May 2019, 30 patients with knee joint osteoarthritis were recruited. Half of them were provided with ultrasound physiotherapy treatment, and half with microwave physiotherapy treatment. The level of serum osteocalcin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in blood were measured in both groups before and after the treatment with lasted for one month. The collected data were analyzed through paired and independent samples t-test using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 18). Results: Most of the patients (73.3%) were females. Right knee osteoarthritis was the most prevalent with 13 patients, followed by bilateral knee osteoarthritis with 10 cases, and left knee osteoarthritis with 7 patients. The results indicated that ultrasound physiotherapy treatment had a significant effect on the level of serum osteocalcin (p=0.01) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in blood (p=0.000). It was also seen that microwave physiotherapy treatment had a significant effect on erythrocyte sedimentation rate in blood (p=0.000), while its effect on the level of serum osteocalcin was not significant (p=0.53). Conclusion: Based on the data collected from the present study, there is sufficient evidence to indicate that ultrasound and microwave physiotherapy interventions can reduce pain and improve function in those with knee OA.
The role of the immune system in mechanism of metformin therapeutic effect in patients with type 2 diabetes

Актуальність. Метформін — один із цукро­знижувальних засобів першої лінії, що найчастіше призначається для лікування хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу (ЦД2). Однак механізм його лікувальної дії ще недостатньо вивчений. У той же час ЦД2 вважається захворюванням запальної природи, при якому порушені різні імунні реакції. Однак вивченню ролі імунної системи в механізмі цього захворювання присвячені лише одиничні роботи. Мета дослідження: висвітлення питання про те, якою мірою різні види лейкоцитів, імунофенотип лімфоцитів та низка цитокінів беруть участь у механізмі терапевтичної дії метформіну. Матеріали та методи. Обстежені група хворих обох статей з уперше виявленим ЦД2 з індексом маси тіла 33,1 ± 1,3 кг/м 2 , яких ще не лікували цукрознижувальними засобами, та група нормоглікемічних здорових осіб того ж віку та статі. Кількість лейкоцитів у периферичній крові (ПК) визначали за допомогою гематологічних аналізаторів, а лейкоцитарний склад — у мазках, пофарбованих за Папенгеймом. Імунофенотип лімфоцитів (CD3 + T, CD4 + T, CD8 + T, CD56+) визначали методом проточної цитометрії за допомогою цитофлуориметра FACStar plus. Вміст різних цитокінів (ІЛ-1b, ФНП-a та ІЛ-10) — імуноферментним методом ELISA. Результати. Терапія метформіном хворих з уперше виявленим ЦД2 та ознаками ожиріння приводить до нормалізації підвищеної кількості лейкоцитів, нейтрофілів та моноцитів, а також зниження вмісту CD4 + Т клітин у ПК, особливо у хворих із висо­кими показниками індексу маси тіла. Характерною особ­ливістю терапії є різке зниження рівня прозапальних цитокінів (ІЛ-1b та ФНП-a), підвищеного до лікування. Отримані дані вказують на те, що при ЦД2 відзначаються порушення природженого й адаптивного імунітету, та підтверджують гіпотезу про запальну природу цього захворювання. Висновки. Сприятлива лікувальна дія метформіну при ЦД2, особливо ускладненого ожирінням, багато в чому зумовлена нормалізацією показників запалення та імунітету.
STUDENT AND INSTRUCTOR SATISFACTION AND ENGAGEMENT WITH BLENDED LEARNING IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

Abstract – The capstone Chemical Engineering Course was used to pilot blended learning as part of an ongoing digital learning initiative at the University of Alberta. A blended learning course structure was designed, implemented, evaluated, and redesigned using a Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) Graduate Attribute (GA) based continuous improvement process over a two-year pilot period. Graduate Attributes were measured using student self-assessments, instructor assessments, and through an arms length study on student engagement and satisfaction conducted with student cohorts. This contribution focuses on the results of independent interviews conducted with student cohorts during the pilot period, instructor interviews, and the data analysis of the student satisfaction and engagement surveys. Instructors were satisfied with the increased interaction with students during class time even with increased enrollment. Student satisfaction was higher for students with lower self reported GPAs, and student engagement improved in the second year of the pilot. Details of these and other outcomes are presented and discussed.