Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rehoming of pet rabbits in Sweden

Rabbits are the third most popular companion animal in Sweden, after cats and dogs, yet not much research has been done on rabbits kept as pets in Sweden. The risk of people purchasing rabbits on impulse rather than after careful consideration is high as rabbits are easily available in pet stores and through other channels such as advertisement sites on the internet. When people purchase rabbits without adequate knowledge about the rabbits’ needs the risk of the rabbits being subjected to a compromised welfare increases. It has also been shown that many rabbits are rehomed through personal contacts rather than through animal shelters. The purpose of this study was to provide a picture of why rabbit owners choose to rehome their rabbits and to what extent rabbit owners in Sweden choose to do this. The study also aimed to give some insight into the characteristics of the rabbits that are put up for sale and what type of new home the owners request for their rabbits. Ads compiled from a large Swedish advertisement site on the internet were used to answer these questions. There were 505 rabbits for sale through 334 ads during the three months covered by this study. The three most commonly stated reasons for putting a rabbit up for sale were “Lack of time” (35.8 %), “Owners are moving” (16.6 %) and “Allergies” (13.2 %). The mean age of the rabbits being put up for sale was low, only 17.6 months and most rabbits were put up for sale for a price of between 101 SEK and 500 SEK. Comments were given about the new home in 46.8 % of the ads and a majority of the comments consisted of descriptions of the type of home or owner wanted for the rabbit. Many comments also concerned the needs of the rabbit or the amount of time that should be spent with the rabbit by the new owner. The reasons stated for relinquishing rabbits in this study are similar to those found in other studies. However, in relation to other studies the number of rabbits with behavioural problems was low in this study. This could be due to the owners being reluctant to mention problems related to their rabbits, since this may decrease the chances of the rabbits being sold. The results of this study underline the need to educate current and future rabbit owners in order for them to be able to make realistic estimates of the time and effort that is required for taking care of rabbits prior to getting them as pets and in order for them to form realistic expectations for the relationship with their pet rabbits. Hopefully this study will be used as a starting point for future research about pet rabbits in Sweden in order to get a wider understanding of the extent to which rabbits are rehomed and what can be done to ensure the welfare of rabbits kept as pets in Sweden.
Coping Styles with Stress in Nursing and Midwifery Students

In the present year, attention has been paid to the nursing and midwifery students, especially when it comes to stress and coping strategies. Understanding the coping styles offered by students enables college officials to become aware of the needs of their pupils, the guidelines, and the training of their counterparts. This study aimed to systematically review on coping with stress in nursing and midwifery students was done. Data searches were conducted using stress keywords, coping styles, and nursing and midwifery students. The sites under study were database of Iranian Medical Sciences Articles (IranMedex), Scientific Database (SID) Pub Med, Mag Iran,, Scopus. The search of the above mentioned database was carried out from July to September 2019.Nineteen studies were studied with the aim of investigating the relationship between stress and aggression in nursing and midwifery students. Finally, the types of coping styles in nursing and midwifery students were examined in three areas of problem-centered, emotion-focused and avoidant. In general, the use of emotion-focused styles was more than problem-focused responses, while the use of such styles had a transient role in reducing stress. Therefore, it is suggested that educational managers and planners consider promoting problem-focused coping skills in students.
Penman-Monteith with missing data and Hargreaves-Samani for ETo estimation in Espírito Santo state, Brazil

ABSTRACT The Penman-Monteith method (PM-FAO) is recommended as standard for calculation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo). However, its use requires a series of meteorological variables that is not normally available, restricting its application in many locations. A solution to the problem of unavailability of meteorological data was presented in FAO Bulletin 56, which contains methodologies for estimating wind speed, solar radiation and relative humidity. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the PM-FAO methodologies for missing data and Hargreaves-Samani as alternatives to the PM-FAO standard method at different time scales and seasons for the municipalities of Linhares and São Mateus, located in the northern region of the state of Espírito Santo. The comparison was performed using linear regression parameters (β0 and β1), coefficient of determination, standard error of estimation (SEE) and coefficient of performance. The best alternative to the standard PM-FAO standard method for estimating ETo in the studied area was the Penman-Monteith method with missing wind speed data, since the R2 for this method always remained above 0.94 and the confidence coefficient was classified as great, for all seasons and scales. The Hargreaves-Samani method did not present satisfactory performance, with R2 below 0.7, regardless of the time scale and time of the year, and it yielded the greatest SEE (1.0 mm d-1) at spring on a two-day scale. Thus, its use in the northern region of the Espírito Santo state is not recommended.
Capital Structure of Surviving Family Firm in Malaysia

This paper examines the relationship between the determinants and capital structure of surviving family firm in Malaysia with 151 listed companies from 2000 to 2015. Tangibility, growth opportunities, profitability and liquidity as determinants and short term debt, long term debt and debt ratio are the dependent variables. By using panel data, all determinants are significant to debt ratio for surviving family. In a nutshell, surviving family companies prefer to use internal sources as main priority for financial leverage decisions to sustain its business. The results reveal that surviving companies have sufficient liquid assets, can utilize these funds to finance business activities and have lower leverage.
Pull-Out Bond Behavior of Ribbed Bars in Normal and High-Strength Concrete with Various Confinements

When ribbed bars are anchored in linear structural members, the bond-slip behavior and the anchorage capacity is strongly influenced by splitting cracks. Many factors influence the formation of the splitting cracks, among others the anchorage length, the concrete cover, the bar spacing and arrangements, confinement from stirrups, flexural and shear cracks in the vicinity of the anchorage region, transverse pressure from support bearings, etc. These parameters often interact in a complex manner, and common design methods for anchorage regions are derived from empirical evaluations of test data and are often strongly simplified. The present study was carried out with the aim of studying the anchorage behavior of ribbed bars in structural members of high strength concrete and to check the applicability of some common design methods to these new materials. The influence of concrete type, normal or high-strength concrete, and various detailing of the node regions was examined. The tensile force in the active end of the anchorage zones was evaluated from steel strain measurements and was compared with predictions by means of strut and tie models. These models were found to consider the effect of inclined cracks in an appropriate and consistent way. The observed anchorage capacity was compared to some common design methods. It was found that the methods, to a considerable degree, were unable to reflect the real behavior. Further improvement and development of design and analytical tools is required.
First report of morphometric identification of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) an invasive pest of maize in Southern Sindh, Pakistan

Invasive species always pose a serious threat to agriculture and cost billions of dollars in terms of reduced production and productivity. The recent preliminary survey in a few districts of southern Sindh, Pakistan showed an apprehension of the entry of one more new invasive pest belonging to genus Spodoptera is known as Fall Armyworm (FAW), S. frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in April 2019. The identification for confirming this alien pest was made employing morphological characters. The males were dissected to study genitalia. The microscopic study revealed that male genitalia of the collected species had a single lobe of coremata which is the main identification of FAW. The wing characteristics showed that the males had dark gray and brown shaded mottled forewings with conspicuous triangular white spots at the tip of the wings. The forewings of females were less distinctly marked except few faint grayish brown markings. There were six larval instars and the best identifying feature of the FAW in mature larval stage (5 th -6 th instar) was a set of four large rectangular spots on the upper surface of the second last segment of body and the face of larvae with obvious mark of inverted white colored “Y” shape. In morphometric, we measured the head capsule of each larval instar ranging 0.3-2.6mm in length and the larvae about 2-33.08mm. The pupa was reddish brown in color, 14-18mm in length and about 4.5mm in width. The present study confirmed the presence of S. frugiperda which requires an immense attention to make an integrated pest management strategy against it.
Gender-specific reference intervals for serum prolactin concentrations before and after precipitation by polyethylene glycol

Prolactin, a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary, exists in three major forms in circulation. The macroprolactin form is biologically inactive but contributes to elevated serum prolactin concentrations. Precipitation of macroprolactin by polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used in clinical laboratories for the screening of macroprolactin. The aim of this study was two-fold. Firstly, we sought to establish locally relevant reference intervals for serum prolactin and post-PEG precipitation prolactin concentrations in both genders on the Roche Cobas Prolactin II electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Secondly, the prolactin concentrations after precipitation by PEG dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (post-PEG(PBS)) were compared with those after precipitation by PEG dissolved in deionised water (PEG(diH2O)). Prolactin concentrations were measured by using the Prolactin Gen II assay on a Roche Cobas e601 analyser. Recoveries of prolactin after precipitation by PEG in PBS and PEG in diH2O were 64.7%–115.8% and 60.9–100.8%, respectively. Post-PEG (PBS) prolactin concentrations were not statistically different from post-PEG (diH2O) prolactin concentrations in either gender.
Bandwidth Analysis, Lean Methods, and Decision Science to Select Energy Management Projects in Manufacturing

Bandwidth energy screening (BES) methodology is a tool that plant engineers can use to identify and select energy management opportunities. The BES tool highlights processes that personnel may have overlooked while trying to lower energy usage costs. The impetus for this research came about as a result of observing plant personnel selecting energy management projects over hundreds of energy audits. These energy project selections are often based on the perceived efficiency of the energy usage of a particular process. There is an opportunity to more systematically select areas for improvement. Essentially, the BES methodology is a screening technique for applying energy management to manufacturing processes. This article describes a brief background on the use of bandwidth methodology and decision science in energy management and then uses an example to illustrate. Essentially, BES gives the plant manager an understanding of the energy use of individual processes at a systems level and then uses a quantitative means for the identification of candidate energy improvement projects. This article demonstrates the first law (thermodynamic) analysis in the form of energy bandwidths and selection processes. Once the BES analysis is performed, the sub-processes with potential for energy conservation are highlighted and may be ranked or otherwise selected by the engineer and management for action. This methodology is the front end of a more comprehensive methodology (exergy ratio diagnostic method) that includes second law analysis; however; the entire methodology is not presented in this article.
Relationship discovery in social networks

In recent years, social network sites exploded in popularity and become an important part of the online activities on the web. This success is related to the various services/functionalities provided by each site (ranging from media sharing, tagging, blogging, and mainly to online social networking) pushing users to subscribe to several sites and consequently to create several social networks for different purposes and contexts (professional, private, etc.). Nevertheless, current tools and sites provide limited functionalities to organize and identify relationship types within and across social networks which is required in several scenarios such as enforcing users’ privacy, and enhancing targeted social content sharing, etc. Particularly, none of the existing social network sites provides a way to automatically identify relationship types while considering users’ personal information and published data. In this work, we propose a new approach to identify relationship types among users within either a single or several social networks. We provide a user-oriented framework able to consider several features and shared data available in user profiles (e.g., name, age, interests, photos, etc.). This framework is built on a rule-based approach that operates at two levels of granularity: 1) within a single social network to discover social relationships (i.e., colleagues, relatives, friends, etc.) by exploiting mainly photos’ features and their embedded metadata, and 2) across different social networks to discover co-referent relationships (same real-world persons) by considering all profiles’ attributes weighted by the user profile and social network contents. At each level of granularity, we generate a set of basic and derived rules that are both used to discover relationship types. To generate basic rules, we propose two distinct methodologies. On one hand, social relationship basic rules are generated from a photo dataset constructed using crowdsourcing. On the other hand, using all weighted attributes, co-referent relationship basic rules are generated from the available pairs of profiles having the same unique identifier(s) attribute(s) values. To generate the derived rules, we use a mining technique that takes into account the context of users, namely by identifying frequently used valid basic rules for each user. We present here our prototype, called RelTypeFinder, implemented to validate our approach. It allows to discover appropriately different relationship types, generate synthetic datesets, collect web data and photo, and generate mining rules. We also describe here the sets of experiments conducted on real-world and synthetic datasets. The evaluation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed relationship discovery approach.
Motivasi, Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kinerja Penyuluh Kehutanan Di Kabupaten Cianjur Jawa Barat.

Performance of forestry extension workers would contribute to the achievement of extension goals. The study aims to find performance of forestry extension workers in relations to their profile, motivation and job satisfaction. The data collection was carried out from March to April 2014 using questionnaires, interviews, observation and literature study. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using Pearson correlation. The results showed: (1) most of the forestry extension in Cianjur District has older age categories, has a long working period, higher education level, and frequency of training is low, (2) the level of work motivation were high tended to moderate, work satisfaction were high, and the level of performance including the moderate categories. The results of the Pearson correlation between the motivation and job satisfaction to the performance of forestry extension in Cianjur District shows: (1) there is positive significant correlation between motivation to the performance of forestry extension workers, and (2) There is no significant correlation between the profile of forestry extension and job satisfaction to the performance of forestry extension workers. Key words: forestry extension workers, motivation, job satisfaction, job performance
Security measures in wired and wireless networks

The purpose of this study is to review contemporary wireless network protocols and areas that affect the ability of wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) technology to secure data transmitted over wireless networks. The research approach takes the form of a case study, in collating the methods used by existing protocols in the implementation of wireless Security Trust Models within their networks. So the paper follows a case study methodology on all the wireless protocols provided by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. Wireless protected access Wi-Fi protected access; version 2 (WPA2) protocol has provided a more secure means for securing wireless networks but has only provided stronger encryption as it has a longer key which takes longer to decipher. So far, researchers have acknowledged that location privacy is critical to the security of data transmitted by wireless technology. The security reality though, is that even with the implementation of the purportedly secure standards for wireless systems e.g. the 802.1x suite; there are insecure gaps where the information in transit remains in its plain unprotected form for some seconds before it is re-encrypted into another format for transmission. It is at such security holes that the information criminals tend to attack. In this paper, we identify the various security related challenges faced by wireless protocols. This study is useful as it provides lessons for ICT managers, directors, academia and organizations, who wish to develop install or are already using wireless networks within their offices.
Thermal efficiency and emission analysis of advanced thermodynamic strategies in a multi-cylinder diesel engine utilizing valve-train flexibility

Ding, Chuan Ph.D., Purdue University, December 2014. Thermal Efficiency and Emission Analysis of Advanced Thermodynamic Strategies in a Multi-cylinder Diesel Engine Utilizing Valve-train Flexibility . Major Professor: Dr. Gregory M. Shaver, School of Mechanical Engineering. Stringent emission regulations and a growing demand for fossil fuel drive the development of new technologies for internal combustion engines. Diesel engines are thermally efficient but require complex aftertreatment systems to reduce tailpipe emissions of unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These challenges require research into advanced thermodynamic strategies to improve thermal efficiency, control emission formation and manage exhaust temperature for downstream aftertreatment. The optimal performance for different on-road conditions is analyzed using a fully flexible valve-train on a modern diesel engine. The experimental investigation focuses on thermal management during idling and high-way cruise conditions. In addition, simulation are used to explore the fuel efficiency of Miller cycling at elevated geometric compression ratios. Thermal management of diesel engine aftertreatment is a significant challenge, particularly during cold start and extended idle operation. For instance, to be effective, NOx-mitigating selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems require bed and gas inlet temperatures of at least 200◦C, and diesel oxidation catalysts coupled with upstream fuel injection require inlet temperatures of at least 300◦C in order to raise diesel particulate filter inlet temperatures to at least 500◦C for active regeneration. However, during peak engine efficiency idle operation, the exhaust temperatures only reach 120 and 200◦C for unloaded (800 rpm/ 0.26 bar BMEP) and loaded (800 rpm/ 2.5 bar BMEP) idle, respectively, for a typical modern-day diesel engine. For this and other engines like it, late injections or throttling (for instance via an over-closed
Unequal by Design: High-Stakes Testing and the Standardization of Inequality

Series Introduction Michael W. Apple 1.The Zip Code Effect: Educational Inequality in the United States 2.We Are All Widgets: Standardized Testing and The Hegemonic Logics of the Educational Assembly Line 3.The Educational Enterprise: NCLB, Neoliberalism, and the Politics of Equality 4.Steerage at a Distance: High-Stakes Testing and Classroom Control 5. Devising Inequality: High-Stakes Testing and the Regulation of Consciousness 6. Standardizing Inequality: The Hidden Curriculum of High-Stakes Testing Afterword Zeus Leonardo
FLEXURAL RETROFIT OF CIRCULAR REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE COLUMNS BY STEEL JACKETING--EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES. FINAL REPORT

Collapse or severe damage of a number of California bridges in recent moderate earthquakes has emphasized the need to develop effective retrofit measures to enhance the flexural strength and ductility, as well as the shear strength, of bridge columns designed before current seismic design provisions were implemented. This report presents the results of an experimental study in which the potential plastic hinge region of circular bridge columns is encased with a steel jacket for enhanced flexural performance. Results from large-scale column tests showed that the steel jacket acts efficiently as confinement reinforcement, enabling column ductilities exceeding those designed with current codes to be achieved. The jacket also inhibits bond failure in the lap-splices of the longitudinal reinforcement by restraining the dilation and spalling of the cover concrete which would otherwise precipitate rapidly degrading bond failures. Steel jacketing is also effective for post-earthquake repair of columns which have suffered bond failure at the lap-splices of the longitudinal reinforcement. The tests identified brittle shear failure at the footing/column joint as a potential failure mechanism for old footing designs.