Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
School students' burdens and resources after 2 years of COVID-19 in Austria: a qualitative study using content analysis

Introduction The mental health of young people has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures associated with it. Mental health symptoms increased across various domains during the pandemic and subjective wellbeing decreased. Methods This study examined the burdens and resources of Austrian school students (M = 16.63 years old) in the third year of the pandemic and compared them descriptively with the burdens and resources identified in a comparative study in 2021. A cross-sectional online survey with open-ended questions from April to May 2022 provided data that was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. A sub-sample of N = 214 was selected from the larger sample. This sub-sample is representative for the Austrian population aged 15–19 in terms of gender and migrant background. Results Analysis of the open-ended questions showed that concerns about the pandemic and the burdens of the measures were no longer on young people's minds at the time of the survey in 2022. On the other hand, stress at school was increasing and the opening of schools and the resumption of face-to-face teaching were challenging for respondents. While resuming social contacts and leisure activities was mentioned as a resource by many respondents, some also expressed a desire for more time off and a retreat into coping strategies such as sleeping more or avoiding problems. Discussion Our findings suggest that there is a need for low-threshold support from teachers and parents to help students catch up on missed lessons and to empathize with the mas they make the transition back to “old normal”.
Japanese and European plum cultivar evaluation in the Po Valley of Italy: yield and climate influence.

Successful plum production requires cultivars well adapted to the specific growing conditions in the area of production. Due to the interaction between environment and genotype, it is very important to evaluate preliminarily the agronomical and pomological performance of all newly released cultivars in the areas in which they will be cultivated. During the period 1997-2007, the suitability of 15 European and 27 Japanese plum cultivars to cultivation in the Po Valley was observed, as was the influence of year on the main agronomical and pomological traits in plum. Bloom date, yield efficiency, size and soluble sugars content showed great variability across years in both plum species. Winter temperatures, particularly those of the last week of February, had the greatest effect on bloom date. This study confirmed the greater suitability of European plum in northern Italy relative to Japanese plum, even for the most recently introduced cultivars, which had more variable results across years. Within the Japanese group, only 'Obilnaja' had constant high productivity even in years with unfavourable climatic conditions. Of the 42 cultivars in the trial, the Japanese 'DOFI Sandra ® , 'Shiro', 'Anne Gold *', 'Blackamber', 'Fortune', 'Friar', 'Golden Plumza*', 'Green Sun*', 'T.C. Sun * ', 'Angeleno ® *', 'Autumn Giant ® ' and the European 'Firenze 90 * ', 'Liablu', 'Empress', 'Grossa di Solarolo', 'Stanley' and 'President' were most suitable for cultivation in Emilia Romagna.
A model of blended family (stepfamily) formation in Ethiopia: a constructivist grounded theory

This study aimed at developing a model that describes and explains blended family formation in Ethiopia. It is part of an ongoing dissertation entitled “Family functioning experiences of blended families in Ethiopia. ” We employed constructivist grounded theory both as a method and result of inquiry. This theory states that knowledge is constructed out of the dynamic interaction between the researcher, participants, and the context. Accordingly, we were informed by the guiding principles, data organization and analytical tools the theory provides. We interviewed fourteen participants drawn from seven families. We developed a model that depicted the major contributing factors to blend, and the procedures partners use to form their families in the context of Ethiopia. The study identified the state partners were in, categorized as problem state and aspiration state, before blending as contributing factors. Problem state refers to the challenging situation partners were in due to several factors. Aspiration state refers to the situation of partners who were seeking for a marriage partner for the betterment of their life. The result also showed partners’ decision and action of blending were influenced by community and family members involvement. We discussed the results in light of the Ubuntu philosophy, the Ukama and the Ujamaa African theories. Finally, we provided recommendations that would give insight to enhance the quality of blended family formation in Ethiopia. How to reference using ASWNet style: Fikre, K & Minaye, A. (2023). A model of blended family (stepfamily) formation in Ethiopia: a constructivist grounded theory African Journal of Social Work, 13(6), 303-311. https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i6. 4 Visit journal website: https://ajsw.africasocialwork. net
Challenges and prospects in geriatric epilepsy treatment: the role of the blood–brain barrier in pharmacotherapy and drug delivery

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is pivotal in maintaining neuronal physiology within the brain. This review delves into the alterations of the BBB specifically in the context of geriatric epilepsy. We examine how age-related changes in the BBB contribute to the pathogenesis of epilepsy in the elderly and present significant challenges in pharmacotherapy. Subsequently, we evaluate recent advancements in drug delivery methods targeting the BBB, as well as alternative approaches that could bypass the BBB’s restrictive nature. We particularly highlight the use of neurotropic viruses and various synthetic nanoparticles that have been investigated for delivering a range of antiepileptic drugs. Additionally, the advantage and limitation of these diverse delivery methods are discussed. Finally, we analyze the potential efficacy of different drug delivery approaches in the treatment of geriatric epilepsy, aiming to provide insights into more effective management of this condition in the elderly population.
On the Efficient Electromagnetic Scattering Analysis From Targets With Electrically Small Surface Discontinuities

Surface discontinuities (SDs), such as cylindrical protrusions or dents, are commonly found on artificial aircraft or vehicle surfaces. Despite being electrically small in size, their sheer quantity can significantly affect the scattering characteristics of the target. Due to the large contrast between the surface discontinuity and surrounding geometry, the efficient scattering analysis of these targets is technically challenging in both mesh generation and numerical simulation. In this communication, two novel basis functions are presented based on the discontinuous Galerkin integral equation (DGIE) framework. Using the so-called extended half-Rao–Wilton–Glisson (RWG) and modified top junction basis functions, the cylindrical SDs with different or variable height–radius ratios can be efficiently discretized without requiring mesh conformality. Extensive numerical simulations of SDs on a low-radar cross section (RCS) testbed are performed to verify the accuracy, flexibility, and robustness of the proposed method.
Using ChatGPT in English Language Learning: A Study on I.T. Students’ Attitudes, Habits, and Perceptions

In the realm of AI-driven education, it is pivotal to evaluate the viability of ChatGPT as a substitute for human teachers in English classrooms. This study aims to explore learners' behaviors, perceptions, and attitudes to ChatGPT usage in English language learning. Participants were 120 I.T. students in Vietnam – the Korea University of Information and Communication Technology and the University of Da Nang- who were learning English as a non-specialized subject. Data collection was conducted with multiple choices, a 4-point Likert scale questionnaire, and in-depth interviews. The findings highlight students' need for teacher's instruction and physical classroom despite recognizing ChatGPT’s efficacy for ESP vocabulary acquisition, translation, grammar checking, and paraphrasing. Students predominantly exploited ChatGPT to find instant solutions to English learning difficulties. The research underscores the importance of guiding learners to appropriately utilize ChatGPT, emphasizing the need for further investigation into plagiarism-detecting tools to mitigate potential misuse of the technology.
Seasonal and short-term variations in atmospheric potential oxygen at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Abstract Oxygen in the atmosphere undergoes variations and changes in response to biospheric activities, ocean–atmosphere exchange and fossil fuel combustion. Continuous in situ measurements of atmospheric δ(O2/N2) and CO2 mole fraction were started at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (78.93°N, 11.83°E, 40 m a.s.l.) in November 2012. Atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) calculated from the measured O2 and CO2 values during November 2012–January 2015 show a clear seasonal cycle with a peak-to-peak amplitude of approximately 50 per meg. The seasonal cycle of APO simulated using an atmospheric transport model, with prescribed oceanic O2, N2 and CO2 fluxes at monthly time intervals, is in excellent agreement with the observed APO. However, in spring and early summer, high values of APO are observed irregularly on a timescale of hours to days. By comparing backward trajectories of air parcels released from the site with distributions of marine net primary production (NPP), and tagged tracer experiments made using the atmospheric transport model for APO, it is found that these high APO fluctuations are primarily attributable to O2 emissions from the Greenland Sea, the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea, due to marine biological productivity. Marine net community production, estimated based on the sea-to-air O2 flux derived from observed APO fluctuations, agrees with NPP obtained from satellite observations within an order of magnitude. The results obtained in this study have still some uncertainties, but our continuous observations of atmospheric δ(O2/N2) and CO2 mole fraction at Ny-Ålesund can play an important role in detecting possible changes in the carbon cycle in the near future.
Month of birth as a factor in childrens survival.

This study examined month of birth as a factor in child survival in Europe during the mid-1800s. The literature suggests that the links between season and age operate in four ways. Children born in winter are susceptible to respiratory infections. Children born during a warm season are susceptible to digestive tract infections. Weaning during the summer poses the risk of contaminated food. Infant mortality may vary with the length of the weaning process. Data for five national populations show three different models. The Italian model has a U-shaped curve with first month mortality peaks in winter months and to a lesser extent in the summer. The Belgian model is U-shaped but with lower levels of mortality. Switzerland and the Netherlands illustrate a second model with a flat pattern and good care of children during severe winters. The third model in Russia shows a strong mortality peak in summer months. Rearing habits are often determined by economic factors and are closely related with climate patterns in determining the level of child mortality. For example Italy shows the dominant impact of cold winters and hot summers on mortality. In Russia mortality was higher for children born in the spring who faced summer weaning. Savoy had a flat pattern and good care to buffer climate effects. Holland Belgium and Switzerland had more complexity and less influence from seasons. Evidence from family reconstructions in two Tuscan villages during 1790-1910 reveal that cohorts born in winter months followed the Italian model for first month and second year mortality. In Belgium and the Netherlands mortality peaked in the first and second winters.
Egyptological Information from chemical analysis: The provenance of obsidian and glass

S ome materials found in archaeological sites have chemi - cal or mineralogical characteristics which differ from one geological site to another. Comparing the characteristics of the archaeological artifact with the characteristics of different geo - logical environments might allow the identification of the original source of the material. This work presents chemical composi - tion provenance studies on glass (natural and artificial) based on trace elements concentration and lead isotope composition. On the one hand, obsidian—a natural volcanic vitreous material—found in some Upper Egyptian tombs from the Na - qada period seems to originate from the oriental African vol - canos, probably from Ethiopia, or from the Arabian volcanos (in western Yemen), according to the uranium, thorium and tantalum concentrations. On the other hand, the chemical analysis of some Egyptian glasses indicates that, during the 18th dynasty, glass was ma - nufactured in Egypt with Egyptian materials (instead of being a Mesopotamian import) and some of them were colored also with Egyptian materials (e.g. galena from the Gebel Zeit mi - nes). The lanthanum and chrome concentrations clearly differ between glasses made in Egypt and in Mesopotamia, allowing the determination of the Egyptian provenance of glasses used in the Mycenaean world
Neural network model for reference crop evapotranspiration prediction based on weather forecast

The variation process of reference crop evapotranspiration(ET_0)was regarded as time series and the ET_0 data in passed three days were selected as the influencing factors to establish a BP neural network model with three layers for prediction.The meteorological data obtained from weather forecast,such as maximum,minimum and average daily temperature,weather index,number of days in the year and wind_force,were used to improve the performance of the model.The observation data from Sheyang County,Jiangsu Province,were used to train and test the model.The result shows that the proposed model can well reflect the relationships between ET_0 and relevant factors.
Quantitative fluorescence techniques for investigating hydrocarbon charge history in carbonate reservoir

The quantitative grain fluorescence and quantitative grain fluorescence on extract have become effective approaches in the analysis of hydrocarbon evolution in clastic reservoirs recently. The cutoff threshold for differentiating current/paleo-oil and water zones is crucial to reconstruct accurately hydrocarbon accumulation history. However, the absence of theoretical study on the cutoff threshold in the carbonate reservoir has precluded their application and development. In this paper, we attempted to investigate the cutoff threshold by analyzing the quantitative grain fluorescence and quantitative grain fluorescence on extract parameters and spectra of the cores and natural carbonate outcrop samples in known current/paleo-oil and water zones revealed by the frequency of oil inclusions, formation test, logging analysis, etc. Based on this, the hydrocarbon charging history of the Suqiao Buried-hill Zone, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China was reconstructed using the gotten threshold. Results show that the carbonate minerals fluorescing will lead to a higher cutoff threshold of quantitative grain fluorescence index value in the carbonate reservoir, while the threshold of quantitative grain fluorescence on extract intensity value is coincident with the corresponding value in the clastic reservoir. The quantitative grain fluorescence and quantitative grain fluorescence on extract data have unraveled a complicated hydrocarbon accumulation history in Suqiao Buried-hill Zone including oil charging before gas and paleo-oil loss due to the tectonism. The ascertained cutoff threshold in this study is of great significance for reconstructing accurately and effectively the complicated hydrocarbon charging history in the carbonate reservoir, which provides significant models for future petroleum exploration.
Finger Vein Identification Based on Large Kernel Convolution and Attention Mechanism

FV (finger vein) identification is a biometric identification technology that extracts the features of FV images for identity authentication. To address the limitations of CNN-based FV identification, particularly the challenge of small receptive fields and difficulty in capturing long-range dependencies, an FV identification method named Let-Net (large kernel and attention mechanism network) was introduced, which combines local and global information. Firstly, Let-Net employs large kernels to capture a broader spectrum of spatial contextual information, utilizing deep convolution in conjunction with residual connections to curtail the volume of model parameters. Subsequently, an integrated attention mechanism is applied to augment information flow within the channel and spatial dimensions, effectively modeling global information for the extraction of crucial FV features. The experimental results on nine public datasets show that Let-Net has excellent identification performance, and the EER and accuracy rate on the FV_USM dataset can reach 0.04% and 99.77%. The parameter number and FLOPs of Let-Net are only 0.89M and 0.25G, which means that the time cost of training and reasoning of the model is low, and it is easier to deploy and integrate into various applications.
Structure, dynamics and energetics of boundary layer rolls from Kon Tur aircraft observations

On presente les observations realisees par avion de trois cas de rouleaux de couche limite sur la mer du Nord. Les rouleaux etaient entretenus par des forces de cisaillement dans deux cas et par des forces de poussee dans l'un. L'etat cinematique et thermodynamique moyens de l'atmosphere dans laquelle ces rouleaux apparaissaient, les parametres globaux des rouleaux, comme l'orientation, le nombre d'ondes et l'epaisseur ainsi que les amplitudes et phases des quantites a l'echelle des rouleaux en fonction de l'altitude sont presentes et discutes. L'analyse couvre la profondeur totale de la couche de rouleaux, la couche nuageuse comprise
Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Biomarkers of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Overview

This paper presents an in-depth exploration of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy (PTE), a complex neurological disorder following traumatic brain injury (TBI), characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. With TBI being a global health concern, understanding PTE is crucial for effective diagnosis, management, and prognosis. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, risk factors, and emerging biomarkers of PTE, thereby informing clinical practice and guiding future research. The epidemiological aspect of the study reveals PTE as a significant contributor to acquired epilepsies, with varying incidence influenced by injury severity, age, and intracranial pathologies. The paper delves into the multifactorial nature of PTE risk factors, encompassing clinical, demographic, and genetic elements. Key insights include the association of injury severity, intracranial hemorrhages, and early seizures with increased PTE risk, and the roles of age, gender, and genetic predispositions. Advancements in neuroimaging, electroencephalography, and molecular biology are presented, highlighting their roles in identifying potential PTE biomarkers. These biomarkers, ranging from radiological signs to electroencephalography EEG patterns and molecular indicators, hold promise for enhancing PTE pathogenesis understanding, early diagnosis, and therapeutic guidance. The paper also discusses the critical roles of astrocytes and microglia in PTE, emphasizing the significance of neuroinflammation in PTE development. The insights from this review suggest potential therapeutic targets in neuroinflammation pathways. In conclusion, this paper synthesizes current knowledge in the field, emphasizing the need for continued research and a multidisciplinary approach to effectively manage PTE. Future research directions include longitudinal studies for a better understanding of TBI and PTE outcomes, and the development of targeted interventions based on individualized risk profiles. This research contributes significantly to the broader understanding of epilepsy and TBI.
Metabolic Stability and Metabolite Identification of N-Ethyl Pentedrone Using Rat, Mouse and Human Liver Microsomes

New Psychoactive Substances (NPSs) are defined as a group of substances produced from molecular modifications of traditional drugs. These molecules represent a public health problem since information about their metabolites and toxicity is poorly understood. N-ethyl pentedrone (NEP) is an NPS that was identified in the illicit market for the first time in the mid-2010s, with four intoxication cases later described in the literature. This study aims to evaluate the metabolic stability of NEP as well as to identify its metabolites using three liver microsomes models. To investigate metabolic stability, NEP was incubated with rat (RLM), mouse (MLM) and human (HLM) liver microsomes and its concentration over time evaluated by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. For metabolite identification, the same procedure was employed, but the samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry. Different metabolism profiles were observed depending on the model employed and kinetic parameters were determined. The in vitro NEP elimination half-lives (t1/2) were 12.1, 187 and 770 min for the rat, mouse and human models, respectively. Additionally, in vitro intrinsic clearances (Cl int, in vitro) were 229 for rat, 14.8 for mouse, and 3.6 μL/min/mg in the human model, and in vivo intrinsic clearances (Cl int, in vivo) 128, 58.3, and 3.7 mL/min/kg, respectively. The HLM model had the lowest rate of metabolism when compared to RLM and MLM. Also, twelve NEP metabolites were identified from all models, but at different rates of production.
Le fonctionnement d'un site de transmission à Schistosoma mansoni en Martinique (Antilles Françaises)

Un foyer de bilharziose intestinale a ete decouvert en novembre 1981 dans la region de Saint-Pierre en Martinique. Une analyse de sa structure et du mecanisme de la transmission parasitaire a ete entreprise entre 1981 et 1983. Ce foyer presente les particularites suivantes : un site de transmission tres localise constitue par des cressonnieres ; une petite population humaine presentant un taux d’infestation de 13 % (coprologies) a 41,3 % (serologies) ; une contamination fecale des eaux faible, ponctuelle et reguliere representee par le deversoir d’un bassin d’epuration non fonctionnel ; une forte population du Mollusque vecteur Biomphalaria glabrata (40,5 a 256,3 invidivus/m2) ; une faible prevalence d’infestation des Mollusques (0,13 a 0,59 %) ; de faibles densites cercariennes dans les eaux des cressonnieres (0,1 a 1,2 cercaires par litre) ; et enfin, une tres faible contamination des eaux de la riviere dans laquelle aboutissent les eaux des cressonnieres (la Roxelane). L’importance epidemiologique de cette contamination s’est revelee faible mais pas nulle. Ce foyer apparait comme un cas particulier en Martinique car toutes les prospections realisees a ce jour dans l’ile n’ont pas permis de retrouver un tel exemple.