Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiological and Functional Outcomes and Associated Factors After Secondary Intramedullary Nailing Among Patients With Open Fractures of the Lower Limb

Background Open fractures of the lower limb are serious injuries caused by high-energy trauma that can lead to long-term disability. Initial treatment includes wound debridement, fracture reduction, and external fixation to stabilize bone fragments. Secondary nailing, a surgical technique to provide additional stability, has been shown to promote early mobilization and improve fracture alignment. However, there is a lack of consensus on the optimal timing and technique for secondary nailing. This study aims to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes of patients who undergo secondary nailing for open fractures of the lower limb. Methods The study was a hospital-based prospective study of 53 patients who underwent secondary nailing for open fractures of the lower limbs. Patients aged 18 years or older, with Gustilo-Anderson classification grades 1, 2, or 3 A and B, who underwent wound debridement and external fixator application, followed by conversion to secondary intramedullary nail fixation between January 2019 and December 2021 were included in the study. The primary outcome measures were functional and radiological outcomes at follow-ups, assessed using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Radiographic Union Scale for Tibia fractures (RUST) score. Data were collected prospectively and analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0, Armonk, NY). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient demographics and injury characteristics, and the Student's t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare continuous variables between groups. The study had a final analysis of 39 patients. Results The study reports the baseline characteristics, radiological, and functional outcomes of 39 patients who underwent secondary nailing for open fractures of the lower limb. The majority of the fractures occurred in the tibia (71.8%), with most classified as grade 3 (A and B) (69.2%). At the end of the six-month period after secondary nailing, 74.4% of the fractures had a union. Radiological and functional outcomes showed significant improvement after undergoing secondary nailing. Gender and age group did not have a significant association with the radiological outcome, while the time interval between external fixation and secondary nailing was significantly associated with the radiological outcome at six weeks and three months. Conclusion According to a study, secondary nailing is effective in managing lower limb open fractures with good radiological and functional outcomes. The time interval between external fixation and secondary nailing affects radiological outcomes, with longer delays leading to lower RUST scores. Orthopaedic surgeons should consider this factor when planning surgical management. Larger sample sizes and more extended follow-up periods are needed to confirm findings and evaluate the effect of other variables on the outcome.
Evaluating the impact of simulation-based instruction on critical thinking in the Colombian Caribbean: An experimental study

Abstract This research aimed to investigate the impact of Simulation-Based Learning (SBL), specifically within the Model United Nations (MUN) framework, on enhancing critical thinking and improving academic performance in a sample of 42 undergraduate students studying International Relations at a university in Northern Colombia. The objectives were to measure the students’ attitudes towards SBL and its impact on their academic achievement in two Economic Development courses. A Student’s t-test was applied to compare the effectiveness of SBL with traditional instruction, and performance values were analyzed using minimum, maximum, and average statistics. The focus was on how effectively SBL encouraged an inquiry-based approach in students and their understanding of a country’s objectives, and how this translated into their academic success. The results indicated that the implementation of simulations significantly boosted the students’ understanding, thereby leading to improved learning outcomes. These findings suggest that SBL within the Model of United Nations (MUN) framework can be an effective tool in fostering critical thinking and enhancing academic performance among International Relations students.
The behavioral intention of young Malaysians towards cashless society: Value-based adoption model

Abstract The purpose of this study is to validate the Value-based Adoption Model (VAM) in order to investigate young Malaysians’ e-wallet adoption intentions. A structured questionnaire was used to collect 214 questionnaires. The hypotheses proposed for this study were tested using SmartPLS, a second-generation analysis of partial least squares (PLS). Perceived sacrifice and perceived benefit influenced perceived value (PV). The results have shown that perceived benefit has a higher significance compared to perceived sacrifice on PV. Innovative resistance and privacy risk were found to have a negative impact on perceived value. Market practitioners can utilize this model to create secure, convenient and user-friendly e-wallets, resulting in effective marketing strategies that increase e-wallet adoption intentions among the young Malaysians.
GENETICS OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CAPSULES IN SESAMUM INDICUM L.

The gene effects for four quantitative characters were studied in ten crosses of sesame. The additive component was significant and present in sizable proportions for the characters studied. Dominance was higher in magnitude than additivity. Epistatic effects were negligible for first capsule bearing node while dominance x dominance effect was in higher magnitude for capsules per plant and additive x additive effect was predominant for capsule bearing nodes to total nodes per plant. For volume of the capsule, additive x additive and additive x dominance interactions were observed. To exploit all these genetic effects characters associated with capsules can be improved through the use of recurrent selection to ultimately improve seed yield in sesame.
Radiologic Management of Biliary Obstruction

Procedure Appropriateness Category Endoscopic internal biliary catheter (removable plastic stent) Usually Appropriate Percutaneous internal/external biliary catheter May Be Appropriate Surgery Usually Not Appropriate Medical management only Usually Not Appropriate Permanent biliary metallic stent Usually Not Appropriate Removable biliary covered stent May Be Appropriate Endoscopic US-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) May Be Appropriate
Uncertainty Analysis of Measuring Unloaded Quality Factor of a Series Transmission Resonator

Abstract: There are different ways to calculate the unloaded bandwidth of a series transmission resonator. For this type of two-port resonators, the availability of both return loss (s11) and insertion loss (s21) over-determines the system; that is, the unloaded 3-dB bandwidth and hence the quality factor of the resonator can be calculated from either s21 or s11. This paper describes different techniques that can be used to determine the unloaded quality factor of a series two-port resonator in order to determine which formulae should be used to most accurately measure the unloaded 3-dB bandwidth of the resonator. Sources of errors are described for both s11 and s21 methods. Then the measurement uncertainty is analyzed and compared to obtain the most accurate Q0 reading.
Enhanced Mitigation of Nonlinearity Signal Distortion by Hybrid Optical Compensation Technique

This work investigates and proposes a method for mitigating the negative effects of nonlinearities in the fiber with dense wave division multiplexing transmission systems by combining the optical phase conjugation (OPC) approach with a Raman amplifier. The OPC technique uses a polarization diversity loop configuration to suppress the original input signal. As a result, phase conjugated idlers can be generated across a wide frequency range without introducing any spectral inefficiencies due to wavelength shifts. Idle waves are created by mixing four waves in nonlinear fibers with pump waves that are out of band and orthogonally polarized. Finally, the OPC subsystem is put to use in transmission experiments spanning 800 km over dispersion managed fiber spans with lumped amplification by Improved Raman amplifiers to reduce the effects of fiber nonlinearity caused by mid-link spectrum inversion or multiple links. Simulated results of a 50 GHz channel spacing and a 1.792 Tbps made up of eight 224 Gbps polarization division multiplexed (PDM) sixteen ary quadrature amplitude modulation (DP-16QAM) subchannels reveals a Q-factor improvement of up to ~3 dB in mid OPC compared to ~3.37 dB in multiple OPC in the absence of a backward Raman amplifier. In addition, using the OPC would result in an approximate of 10 -6 improvement in BER compared to the conventional method. Furthermore, the average enhancement in error vector magnitude (EVM) for the DWDM situation would be larger than 15% with the inclusion of hybrid OPC with backward Raman amplifier. Streszczenie
Automated microaneurysms detection in retinal images using SSA optimised U-NET and Bayesian optimised CNN

ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a cause of vision loss and blindness, and early detection of red lesions, particularly microaneurysms (MAs), is crucial to prevent its progression. In this study, we propose an effective deep learning-based DR segmentation and classification method that leverages hyper-parameter optimisation to achieve high detection accuracy. In our proposed method, we first pre-processed retinal images to reduce background variability. Then, we employed a squirrel search optimised bidirectional ConvLSTM U-net with an attention gate for DR segmentation in the main processing step. Finally, we used a Bayesian-optimised Convolutional Neural Network for classification. We selected the optimal architectures for our proposed CNNs and optimised their hyper-parameters using the Bayesian optimisation technique.Our study demonstrates that the proposed CNNs effectively classify diabetic retinopathy in fundus images when model hyper-parameters are tuned with the help of Bayesian optimisation. We conducted statistical tests based on the receiver operating characteristic curve, histogram, and ANOVA test to verify the effectiveness of our suggested models.We proposed a deep learning-based DR segmentation and classification method that leverages hyper-parameter optimisation to achieve high detection accuracy. This study highlights the potential of Bayesian optimisation as an effective technique to optimise hyper-parameters of deep learning networks for disease classification tasks.
Chemical Composition and Mixing State of Fine Particles during Haze Periods in Yinchuan

In this study, we explored the chemical composition and mixing state of fine atmospheric particles in Yinchuan between December 21 and 31, 2021. For this, the single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) technique was used. Black carbon particles were found to be the predominant aerosol type (in terms of number fraction) throughout the sampling period, accounting for 61.15% of all sampled particles. Considerable changes were noted in the mixing state of the fine particles in the study area. Furthermore, prominent mass spectrum characteristics of potassium particles were observed. The 39 K + signal in the positive mass spectrum was stronger than the other signals. Throughout the sampling process, K-rich and potassium-elemental carbon (KEC) particles accounted for 25.86% and 13.05% of all sampled particles, respectively, followed by OC and NaKEC, which accounted for 12.32% and 11.45%, respectively. With time, complex processes of aerosol concentration variation detected by SPAMS were observed. The number fractions of elemental carbon/organic carbon (ECOC) and KEC particles were significantly higher on polluted days than on clean days. ECOC and KEC particles were more mixed with sulfate and nitrate than EC and NaKEC particles. Compared with clean days, the particle size of each BC particle increased on polluted days. Furthermore, ECOC and KEC particles had larger particle sizes and stronger sulfate and nitrate signals than EC and NaKEC particles, which indicates that ECOC and KEC particles were mostly formed during the aging process. Local pollution events were associated with primary combustion emission and secondary particle generation.
INNOVATED INTERACTION SCREENING FOR HIGH-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR CLASSIFICATION

This paper is concerned with the problems of interaction screening and nonlinear classification in a high-dimensional setting. We propose a two-step procedure, IIS-SQDA, where in the first step an innovated interaction screening (ITS) approach based on transforming the original p-dimensional feature vector is proposed, and in the second step a sparse quadratic discriminant analysis (SQDA) is proposed for further selecting important interactions and main effects and simultaneously conducting classification. Our IIS approach screens important interactions by examining only p features instead of all two-way interactions of order O(p(2)). Our theory shows that the proposed method enjoys sure screening property in interaction selection in the high-dimensional setting of p growing exponentially with the sample size. In the selection and classification step, we establish a sparse inequality on the estimated coefficient vector for QDA and prove that the classification error of our procedure can be upper-bounded by the oracle classification error plus some smaller order term. Extensive simulation studies and real data analysis show that our proposal compares favorably with existing methods in interaction selection and high-dimensional classification.
In-vitro Antibacterial Potentials of Essential oil from Citrus limon against Selected Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Essential oils (EOs) from medicinal plants like lemon (Citrus limon) are considered promising to replace synthetic antibiotics in aquaculture production due to their ability to improve fish health. The aim of the research was to investigate the in vitro antibacterial potentials of varying levels of lemon EO against Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Nile Tilapia. This research was conducted at the Microbiology unit. , Kenyan Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Mombasa, Kenya and Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria in December 2021. Extraction of EO from lemon peel was performed using steam hydro distillation. The quantitative and qualitative profiling of extracted oil was performed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The antibacterial potential of lemon EO was tested against some pathogens using the agar well diffusion method while the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by the broth dilution method. The most abundant chemical was D-Limonene (37.56%), 3-Carene (15.88%) and Terpinen-4-ol (93.4%). The lemon EO at 100% and 50% concentration respectively showed the highest antibacterial activity against S. agalactiae (26.00mm and 28.33mm) and E. coli (33.00mm and 30.00 mm); while the least activity was observed against A. hydrophila (8.33mm and 6.67 mm) at P = . 05. The MIC and MBC values revealed that 50% lemon EO inhibited bacterial growth for S. agalactiae whereas it was greater than 50% for S. aureus, E. coli and A. hydrophila. Lemon EO has potential antibacterial properties against tested pathogens that affect cultured fish and could be considered a good candidate for further research to develop new antibacterial drugs in aquaculture.
on Gastrointestinal

Procedure Appropriateness Category Relative Radiation Level US abdomen Usually Appropriate O CT abdomen with IV contrast Usually Appropriate ☢☢☢ MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast with MRCP Usually Appropriate O MRI abdomen without IV contrast with MRCP May Be Appropriate O CT abdomen without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢☢ CT abdomen without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ ERCP Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ US abdomen endoscopic Usually Not Appropriate O
Electro-optic properties of ZrO 2 , HfO 2 , and LiNbO 3 ferroelectric phases: A comparative density functional study

We report the Pockels electro-optic properties of ZrO 2 and HfO 2 orthorhombic Pbc 2 1 and rhombohedral R 3 m ferroelectric phases, and we compare them to the well-known rhombohedral R 3 c LiNbO 3 Pockels material from density functional theory calculations using the CRYSTAL suite of programs. Speciﬁcally, three essential processes are explicitly investigated: The electronic, the ionic (or vibrational), and the piezoelectric contributions. Our calculations reveal that the ionic part coming from the low-frequency phonon modes contributes the most to the electro-optic coefﬁcients of rhombohedral LiNbO 3 and of orthorhombic ZrO 2 and HfO 2 . Additionally, the low-frequency phonon modes exhibit zero contribution to the Pockels coefﬁcients of ZrO 2 and HfO 2 rhombohedral R 3 m phase.
Low-Cost Sewerage

Global Needs and Developments in Urban Sanitation. Unconventional Sewerage Systems: Their Role in Low-Cost Urban Sanitation. Selecting Communities for Sewerage. Low-Cost Sewerage Systems in South Asia. Operation of Sewer Systems in Ghana. A Low-Cost Sewerage System for a Small Rural Community on a Greek Island. Settled Sewerage in Africa. Hydraulic Design of Unconventional Sewerage. Small Diameter Gravity Sewers: Experience in the United States. The Colombian ASAS System. Guidelines for the Design of Simplified Sewers. Simplified Sewerage: Simplified Design. Water Conservation: The Impact of Design, Development and Site Appraisal of a Low-Volume Flush Toilet. Third World Surface Water Drainage: The Effect of Solids on Performance. Conference Conclusions. Index.
VARIATION AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATIONS OF GREEN FODDER YIELD AND COMPONENT TRAITS IN RAGI (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.)

Forty diverse genotypes of ragi were evaluated for the variability, heritability estimates and path co-efficient analysis of six quantitative traits. Close resemblence between GCV and PCV estimates for days to 50 per cent flowering and green fodder yield/plant, and high heritability indicated that selection for these traits would be much effective. The highest heritability and genetic advance in green fodder yield revealed predominance of additive gene effects. Green fodder yield/plant significantly and positively correlated with all the characters studied. Though leaf weight/plant had high influence of environment, it had the maximum positive direct and indirect effects through all other characters. Besides, days to 50 per cent flowering should be reckoned as an important trait in selection programmes.
Hydrogeological characterisation of the Chalk : with specific reference to unsaturated zone behaviour

Groundwater from the (largely unconfined) chalk aquifer constitutes a major water resource. The unsaturated zone plays a crucial role in the hydrological cycle, determining the timing and magnitude of recharge, and the transport and fate of nutrients. However, despite over 30 years of study our understanding of this system is incomplete. The objectives of this research were to investigate the aquifer characteristics of the chalk and to clarify the physical processes controlling the movement of water in the unsaturated zone
Academic Resilience through Reality Approach Group Counseling: Quantitative Study taking Social Support and Independence into Account

Academic resilience is the ability of students to overcome challenges in the academic world. This study aims to develop a counseling approach that is valid and effective in helping students develop this resilience, considering the role of social support and their level of independence. This study examines the effectiveness of reality counseling in increasing students' academic resilience. Using a quantitative design, the experimental group received the reality approach group counseling, while the control group did not receive the intervention. Data on the level of academic resilience was collected before and after the group counseling intervention. The analysis results show that the experimental group experienced a significant increase in academic resilience, with a significance value of F =124.582 (sig) . 000 < . 005. The difference in effect can be seen in each group for the experimental group has a value of sig . 122 > . 005, so the significant effect on group 1 and group 3 is different from group 3 (control group) the value is sig . 000 <. 005. the difference in the treatment of each sig value > . 005 between the variables of independence and social support does not significantly affect academic resilience. These findings indicate that reality counseling is effective in helping students cope with academic challenges more adaptively. Nonetheless, note the study's limitations, such as the limited sample size and other unmeasured factors. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that reality counseling can be used as a relevant intervention to increase students' academic resilience.
Internet Appendix for “Asset Pricing with Systematic Skewness: Two Decades Later”

This document includes supplementary material to the paper. Section 1 provides a variable description and the significance levels for skewness and coskewness used in Table 1 in the paper and Tables IA.3 to IA.9 in this Internet Appendix. Section 2 describes the test assets used in this Internet Appendix and shows (i) replications of Table 1 in the paper for other test assets, including those used in Table 1 in Harvey and Siddique (2000), (ii) replications of Table 4 Panel C in the paper when the NASDAQ stocks are removed from the sample, and (iii) replications of Table 5 in the paper for other sample periods. Section 3 shows summary statistics and the results of asset pricing tests of several coskewness proxies for different sample periods. Section 4 shows robustness checks for asset pricing tests of coskewness proxies.
Heterosis and combining ability estimates through line × tester analysis in inter-specific hybrids of cotton (G. hirsutum L. × G. barbadense L.)

The present investigation comprised of seventy two inter-specific hybrids obtained by mating twelve diverse lines of G. hirsutum and five testers of G. barbadense in line × tester fashion and were evaluated to study standard heterosis and combining ability for seed cotton yield and its component traits. Combining ability analysis indicated the preponderance of non-additive gene action for all the traits. The lines, L 762, MR 786, BS 37, NDLH 1938 and H 1442 and the testers, DB 16, DB 11 and GSB 41were found to be good general combiners for seed cotton yield plant -1 and its component characters. The hybrid, L 1058 × TCB 37 exhibited high and significant positive sca effect for seed cotton yield plant -1 and its contributing traits viz . , number of bolls plant -1 , boll weight and seed index. The cross combinations, L 762 × TCB 37, H 1442 × DB 16 and H 1442 × GSB 41 registered high and significant positive heterosis over both the standard checks for seed cotton yield plant -1 . The cross combinations which are showing high standard heterosis and sca effects may be recommended for commercial cultivation after testing their stable performance for seed cotton yield.