Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air, Part II: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

The Norwegian Arctic possesses a unique environment for the detection of new potential chemicals of emerging Arctic concern (CEACs) due to remoteness, sparse population and the low number of local contamination sources. Hence, a contaminant present in Arctic air is still considered a priority indication for its environmental stability and environmental mobility. Today, legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and related conventional environmental pollutants are already well-studied because of their identification as Arctic pollutants in the 1980s. Many of them are implemented and reported in various national and international monitoring activities including the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP). These standard monitoring schemes, however, are based on compound-specific quantitative analytical methods. Under such conditions, the possibility for the identification of hitherto unidentified contaminants is limited and random at best. Today, new and advanced technological developments allow a broader, unspecific analytical approach as either targeted multicomponent analysis or suspect and non-target screening strategies. In order to facilitate such a wide range of compounds, a widescope sample clean-up method for high-volume air samples based on a combination of adsorbents was applied, followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography separation and low-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection (GC×GC-LRMS). During the study reported here, simultaneous non-target and suspect screening were applied. The detection of over 700 compounds of interest in the particle phase and over 1200 compounds in the gaseous phase is reported. Of those, 62 compounds were confirmed with reference standards and 90 compounds with a probable structure (based upon mass spectrometric interpretation and library spectrum comparison). These included compounds already detected in Arctic matrices and compounds not detected previously (see also Fig. 1). In addition, 241 compounds were assigned a tentative structure or compound class. Hitherto unknown halogenated compounds, which are not listed in the mass spectral libraries used, were also detected and partly identified.
Islamic banking development and economic growth: a case of Indonesia

Purpose: In this research, an attempt has been conducted to explore the relation between Islamic banking development and economic growth of Indonesia over the periods of 2003–2014 Methodology: Two models have been formulated which are financing and deposit models to indicate the relation. The analysis are using unit root test, co-integration test, and Granger causality test within the context of VECM framework. For this purpose, financing and deposit are used as a measure of Islamic Banking development, while gross domestic product (GDP) and gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) used the indicators of economic growth. Findings: The results show that there is bi-directional causality between financing and GDP also deposit and GDP reflecting the bi-directional causality between Islamic banking development and economic growth. Further results show that there is significant short-run and long-run causality running from Islamic banking development to economic growth so as short-run and long-run causality running from economic growth to Islamic banking development Originality/contributions: This is the first study to used Islamic banks in Indonesia that are listed in Bank of Indonesia in 2003-2014.
ON EXISTENCE

Let Ẑ be a field. Recent developments in discrete operator theory [12] have raised the question of whether |μ| 6 = O. We show that every totally commutative, quasi-stochastic morphism is contra-stochastically invertible and anti-additive. In contrast, this leaves open the question of separability. Recently, there has been much interest in the derivation of Gaussian equations.
Eco-epidemiological study on sandflies and environmental aspects related to the transmission of leishmaniasis in a municipality of Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2015 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate Leishmania vectors and investigate the environmental and climatic characteristics related to their transmission. This was a prospective eco-epidemiological study involving the systematic collection of sandflies and a canine serological survey in areas of municipality in Brazil. Blood samples from 1,752 dogs were examined to test for canine visceral leishmaniasis (VL). An entomological evaluation was carried out using 24 light traps in the peridomicile and intradomicile areas of 12 households for 12 months. Climate variables were analyzed using a simple Spearman correlation and a spatial analysis via the fuzzy logic method and K function. The prevalence rate of canine VL was 4.1% and 7.1% in the two areas that were studied, respectively. The entomological study resulted in the capture of 431 sandflies. Most (74%) of the specimens were captured in the peridomiciliary area, and 5.6% of the samples that were analyzed using molecular biology were positive for Leishmania spp. In particular, Leishmania infantum was found in 100% of the positive samples. The spatial analysis showed that one particular area presented a higher concentration of high-density overlapping points of Lutzomyia longipalpis and seropositive dog populations, indicating a higher risk of the concomitant occurrence of both events. The results show that a parasite-reservoir-vector interface is active in the studied areas.
What is the prognosis of postherpetic neuralgia

In this study, postherpetic neuralgia followed herpes zoster in 2% of patients under age 40, 21% between the ages of 40 and 60, and in 40% of those over age 60. Subjects self-described pain as none, mild, moderate, or severe. Patients aged >60 years had the worst prognosis: 18% still had mild pain at 3 months and 6% had moderate or severe pain. At 1 year, 8% had mild pain and 2% had moderate pain. No patients had severe pain after 12 months.
Evaluation of Mobile Apps Effectiveness in Children with Autism Social Training via Digital Social Stories

The emerging and widespread use of technology to support students with autism is evident by the growing number of studies investigating the use of technology-based interventions, including mobile technologies. Most of the recent research concerning the use of mobile apps has been focused on social stories effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of digital social stories on children with autism social skills acquisition. Three students with high functional autism were watching for one year social scenarios through an Android tablet solving social interaction problems. According to the results appropriate social behaviors in children with autism could be integrated for a long time.
A Robust IoT-Based Three-Factor Authentication Scheme for Cloud Computing Resistant to Session Key Exposure

With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, Internet-enabled devices have been widely used in our daily lives. As a new service paradigm, cloud computing aims at solving the resource-constrained problem of Internet-enabled devices. It is playing an increasingly important role in resource sharing. Due to the complexity and openness of wireless networks, the authentication protocol is crucial for secure communication and user privacy protection. In this paper, we discuss the limitations of a recently introduced IoT-based authentication scheme for cloud computing. Furthermore, we present an enhanced three-factor authentication scheme using chaotic maps. The session key is established based on Chebyshev chaotic-based Diffie–Hellman key exchange. In addition, the session key involves a long-term secret. It ensures that our scheme is secure against all the possible session key exposure attacks. Besides, our scheme can effectively update user password locally. Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic proof confirms that our scheme provides mutual authentication and session key agreement. The formal analysis under random oracle model proves the semantic security of our scheme. The informal analysis shows that our scheme is immune to diverse attacks and has desired features such as three-factor secrecy. Finally, the performance comparisons demonstrate that our scheme provides optimal security features with an acceptable computation and communication overheads.
Object Perception-Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology

Visual scenes tend to be very complex: a multitude of overlapping surfaces varying in shape, color, texture, and depth relative to the observer. Yet most observers effortlessly perceive that the visual environment is composed of distinct objects, laid out across space, each with a particular shape that can be inferred from partial views and incom­ plete information. Moreover, observers generally expect objects to be continuous across space and time, to have a certain shape, and to be solid in three-dimensional (3D) space. The cortical visual system processes information for objects first by coding visual fea­ tures, then by linking features into units, and last by interpretation of units as objects that may be recognizable or otherwise relevant to the observer. This way of conceptualiz­ ing object perception maps roughly onto processes of lower-, middle-, and higher-level vi­ sual processing that have long formed the basis for investigations of visual perception in adults, as well as theories of object perception, the ways visual deprivation reduces ob­ ject perception skills, and the developmental time course of object perception in infancy.
Exploring the Key Factors in the Use of an E-Learning System Among Students at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia

The primary purpose of this study is to review and analyse the literature related to e-learning, which is linked to previous studies. Specifically, studies that used the TAM model to examine the effect of eleven external factors, such as website content quality, website design quality, website technical quality, website access speed, usability, e-learning system functionality, e-learning system reliability, facilitating conditions, top management support, student awareness and academic staff awareness on the use of an e-learning system in King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. The findings of this study offer valuable guidelines for practitioners, researchers and educators about the most important factors that enhance the use of e-learning systems in universities.
The Digital Transformation of Irish Non-Profit Organisations

Irish Non-Profit Organisations have embarked on an exciting Digital Transformation journey in support of the sector’s wider reform and renewal agenda. This coincides with the ambitious plans of the technology industry to deploy its Artificial Intelligence capabilities to tackle societal problems. This research investigated the current in-use experiences of AI-based and related systems in various non-profit organisations both in Ireland and inter-nationally to determine how a non-profit organisation can become more effective and strategic in its journey to fully leverage technology. The qualitative research approach employed a series of exploratory practitioner-based interviews guided by Grounded Theory methodology to examine the technology barriers and challenges faced by the non-profit sector. The findings revealed some inspirational exemplars of practice but also found that a comprehensive transformation of the sector facilitated by emerging technologies remains outstanding, frustrated by challenges including limited funding, resource constraints, skills gaps, donor reporting requirements and sectoral tendencies to ‘reinvent the wheel’. The practitioner interviews also highlighted discontinuities and a lack of synergy between the digital transformation ambitions of the sector and the Corporate Social Responsibility programmes of the technology sector.
Adaptive Model for Credit Card Fraud Detection

While the flow of banking transactions is increasing, the risk of credit card fraud is becoming greater particularly with the technological revolution that we know, fraudulent are improve and always find new methods to deal with the preventive measures that financial systems set up. Several studies have proposed predictive models for credit card fraud detection based on different machine learning techniques. In this paper, we present an adaptive approach to credit card fraud detection that exploits the performance of the techniques that have given high level of accuracy and consider the type of transaction and the client's profile. Our proposition is a multi-level framework, which encompasses the banking security aspect, the customer profile and the profile of the transaction itself.
Complexity of Weak, Strong and Dynamic Controllability of CNCUs

A Constraint Network Under Conditional Uncertainty (CNCU) is a formalism able to model a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) where variables and constraints are labeled by a conjunction of Boolean variables, or booleans , whose truth value assignments are out of control and only discovered upon the execution of their related observation points (special kind of variables). At the start of the execution of the CNCU (i.e., the online assignment of values to variables), we do not know yet which constraints and variables will be taken into consideration nor in which order. Weak controllability implies the existence of a strategy to execute a CNCU whenever the whole uncontrollable part is known before executing. Strong controllability is the opposite case and implies the existence of a strategy to execute a CNCU always the same way no matter how the uncontrollable part will behave. Dynamic controllability implies the existence of an adaptive strategy to execute the CNCU taking into account how the uncontrollable part is behaving. In this paper we classify the computational complexity of weak, strong and dynamic controllability of CNCUs. We prove that weak controllability is Π p 2 -complete, strong controllability is NP-complete and dynamic controllability is PSPACE-complete.
Evaluation of Brain Tortuosity Measurement for the Automatic Multimodal Classification of Subjects with Alzheimer's Disease

The 3D tortuosity determined in several brain areas is proposed as a new morphological biomarker (BM) to be considered in early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is measured using the sum of angles method and it has proven to be sensitive to anatomical changes that appear in gray and white matter and temporal and parietal lobes during mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between tortuosity indices determined for healthy controls (HC) vs. MCI and HC vs. AD in most of the analyzed structures. Other clinically used BMs have also been incorporated in the analysis: beta-amyloid and tau protein CSF and plasma concentrations, as well as other image-extracted parameters. A classification strategy using random forest (RF) algorithms was implemented to discriminate between three samples of the studied populations, selected from the ADNI database. Classification rates considering only image-extracted parameters show an increase of 9.17%, when tortuosity is incorporated. An enhancement of 1.67% is obtained when BMs measured from several modalities are combined with tortuosity.
Butler Matrix Frequency Diverse Retrodirective Array Beamforming: An Energy-Efficient Technique for mmWave Networks

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks with the frequency spectrum ranging from 30 GHz (with wavelength 10 mm) to 300 GHz (with wavelength 1 mm), can support massive wireless data in fifth-generation (5G) systems. Importantly, large colocated antenna elements can be exploited at the base station (BS) to facilitate beam-steering synthesis along the users’ directions. This paper proposes the Butler matrix (BM) frequency diverse retrodirective array (BM-FDRA) beamforming network at the BS for multiuser communications in mmWave networks. We utilize the orthogonal feature of the BM with M elements of the FDRA to create directional beams for concurrent transmission towards different users in range-angle locations. The proposed scheme has the following merits: (a) there is beam-steering orthogonality without beam interferences and (b) there is automatic tracking functionality, i.e., the prior knowledge on the user location is not required by the proposed BM-FDRA at the BS. The proposed method can serve multiple users concurrently using the beam-steering orthogonality property. Furthermore, performance metrics such as the multiaccess secrecy sum rate (SSR) model, bit error rate (BER), system capacity, and energy efficiency are examined. The proposed BM-FDRA scheme achievements are highlighted via simulation results.
Experiential Marketing

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of experiential marketing on experiential values of young customers and respectively on their satisfaction and word of mouth, intention to pay more and revisit. Primary data were gathered through questionnaires conducted with 489 respondents to examine young customers' experiences in well-known grocery retails in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Structural equation modelling using partial least square (PLS) method results were adequate in terms of reliability and validity. Empirical results revealed that some of strategic experiential modules and service quality perceptions of young customers have positive influences on customer experiences (functional and emotional). This research contributes to shed light on the role of shopping experiences of young retail consumers on experiential values, customer satisfaction, and post-purchase attitudes. It is anticipated that by filling this knowledge gap, strengthening retail-shopping strategies, which require an adjustment in the current business environment, can be developed.
MONETARY POLICY RULES AND BUSINESS CYCLE CONDITIONS*manc_2267

This paper estimates a threshold monetary policy rule model for the USA, UK and Japan to investigate if monetary policy changes depend on business cycle conditions, i.e. recessions and expansions of the economy. Then, the paper evaluates the policy implications of this monetary policy rule. Using a long span of data, the paper provides clear-cut evidence that, while during expansions the monetary authorities of the above countries follow the Taylor rule, during recessions they tend to abandon this policy rule and follow a passive monetary policy focused on interest rate smoothing over time. As shown in the paper, this passive monetary policy can not dampen the volatility effects of negative demand or supply macroeconomic shocks on the economy.
Work-family conflict and professional commitment: proactive effect of transformational leadership

The study aims to empirically test the moderation effect of transformational leadership characteristic on the relationship between work-family conflict and professional commitment among school teachers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 752 teachers currently working in private schools from selected districts in Tamil Nadu, India. Purposive sampling technique is used, and data were collected using a questionnaire. The moderating effect of transformational leadership behavior is examined using hierarchical regression analysis. Grounded with the conservation of resource theory (COR) and transformational leadership theory, the results supported the negative impact of work-family conflict on the professional commitment of teachers. Further, the moderation effect of transformational leadership found to reverse the negative relationship between work-family conflict and professional commitment. Thus, the transformational leadership behavior of leaders (head/principal) was found to foster the professional commitment of teachers. This study is focused only on the dimensions of transformational characteristics on the relationship between work-family conflict and professional commitment of teachers. Also, it would be constructive to examine other mediating or moderating impacts of variables such as peer support, job satisfaction, which can also have a significant impact. Further, the outcome variable related to the perspective of students can also be researched.
Hydatidiform mole in Duhok, Iraq: Frequency, types and histopathological diagnostic features

Aim: There is a worldwide variation in the distribution of molar pregnancy with respect to its type. Difficulties in obtaining accurate data about miscarriage make the precise incidence uncertain. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of Hydatidiform mole among the miscarriages and deliveries in Duhok province, estimate their main types, partial or complete, and correlate them with histopathological diagnostic features. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 1, 2016 and September 1, 2019 and included Hydatidiform mole cases from the main histopathological centers in Duhok and Zakho. All childbirths and miscarriages were evaluated within the same areas and during the same period. Samples were examined histologically and divided into three groups as partial, complete, and indeterminate molar types, after which their correlation with the main histopathological features were examined. Additional efforts were made to identify the indeterminate cases, like the use of P57 marker. Results: The frequency of Hydatidiform mole was less than 1%. Complete type represented 43% of the cases with a relatively high percentage of indeterminate molar pregnancies (26%). The highest percentage of women belonged to the 20-30 years-old group. The most common histological feature was circumferential trophoblastic proliferation. Conclusion: The frequency of Hydatidiform mole in Duhok was within the world range, with a relatively high percentage of indeterminate types. More efforts should be made to establish an accurate diagnosis depending on histopathological features and additional markers like P57 should be used.
Selected Predictors of Organizational Commitment among Nurses, In Divisional Hospitals, the Republic of Fiji

Introduction: As demand for nurses outweighs supply, employers need to ascertain factors that will make their nurses committed to the organization to retain them, as recruitment is a costly exercise.This descriptive predictive study aimed to explore the level of organizational commitment and determine how job satisfaction, perceived organizational support and transformational leadership influence this. Method: The sample included 348 nurses selected from 3 divisional hospitals in The Republic of Fiji. Random proportional stratified sampling was used. Research instruments included Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, Survey of Organizational Support Scale and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Descriptive and Inferential Statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The overall response rate was 70%. The majority of participants 223(91%) were females and 21(9%) were male. The level of organizational commitment was high (×= 5.11, SD =0.83). The selected predictors explained 10% of the variability of nurse’s organizational commitment where organizational support (β = .22) was the strongest predictor, job satisfaction (β = .17), and transformational leadership (β = -.02) the least strong predictor.