Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Corporate Innovation Incentive Policy During Business Cycles: Fiscal Subsidies or Tax Incentives?

ABSTRACT This paper empirically tests the incentive effect of fiscal policy on corporate innovation from 2007 to 2019 in China. With data from A-share-listed companies in the China Stock Market & Accounting Research (CSMAR) and Wind databases and GDP data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBSC), the paper uses the Hodrick – Prescott (HP) filter method and a panel fixed effects model to empirically test the incentive effect of fiscal and tax policies on corporate innovation, compares the incentive differences between tax incentives and fiscal subsidies across different business cycles, and conducts heterogeneity analysis. The study finds that although fiscal subsidies and tax incentives promote enterprise innovation, the innovation incentive effect of fiscal subsidies is greater during an economic downturn than during an upturn. In contrast, tax incentives are stronger during an economic upturn than during a downturn. The results of this research may help to develop economic policies and to guide the precise implementation of tax and fee reductions.
Local and Grobal Self-Entrainments in Oscillator Lattices

By computer simulations of an active rotator model, it is found that 1-, 2and 3-dimensional oscillator lattices with distributed natural frequencies exhibit peculiar clustering patterns due to local entrainment. A simple theory suggests that some of such self-entrained clusters mayor may not develop into macroscopic size depending on system dimension, and this fact consistently explains our numerically obtained order parameter curves.
The Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Disease—What Role Do Common Intimate Hygiene Practices Play?

The vaginal microbiome is a dynamic, sensitive microenvironment. The hallmark of a ‘healthy’ vaginal microbiome is currently believed to be one dominated by Lactobacillus spp. , which acidifies the vaginal environment and help to protect against invading pathogens. However, a ‘normal’ microbiome is often difficult, if not impossible, to characterise given that it varies in response to numerous variables, including pregnancy, the menstrual cycle, contraceptive use, diet, ethnicity, and stress. A Lactobacillus-depleted microbiome has been linked to a variety of adverse vaginal health outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB), bacterial vaginosis (BV), and increased risk of sexually transmitted infections. The latter two of these have also been associated with feminine intimate hygiene practices, many of which are practised without any evidence of health benefits. The most extensively studied practice is vaginal douching, which is known to cause vaginal dysbiosis, predisposing women to BV, pelvic inflammatory disease, and PTB. However, little is known of the impact that intimate hygiene practices and associated products have on the vaginal microbiome. This review aims to outline the major factors influencing the vaginal microbiome and common vaginal infections, as well as to summarise current research surrounding the impact of hygiene products and practices on the vaginal microbiome.
Three dimensional numerical simulation of shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Part I: Foundation and fluid mechanics

A three-dimensional, colocated, fully implicit, control volume based calculation procedure, HEATX[1], has been used to simulate fluid flow and heal transfer in shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The three-dimensional numerical model uses the distributed resistance method along with volumetric porosities and surface permeabilities to model the tubes in the heat exchanger. Turbulence effects are modeled using a modified k-ϵ model with additional source terms for turbulence generation and dissipation by tubes. Shell and baffle walk are modeled using the wall function approach. Tubes and baffles are modeled using volumetric porosities and surface permeabilities. Baffle-shell and baffle-tube leakages are modeled using a Bernoulli type formulation. Specialized geometry generators compute baffle, nozzle, and tube region porosities and permeabilities. This article presents the foundation and fluid mechanics of the problem. A subsequent article will discuss modeling of shell-side and tube-side heat transfer. The thre.
Assessing biological maturity timing by MRI and coaches’ eye in elite youth soccer players: A comparison between objective and subjective diagnostics utilizing correlation and single case analyses

The importance of considering information related to athletes’ biological maturation within talent identification and development processes is frequently emphasized by both sport scientists and practitioners. Although there is evidence for the use of objective diagnostics for assessing biological maturation, little is known about its subjective determinations by coaches. Such approaches are particularly relevant when scientific support is limited. Therefore, the current study aimed to compare a practical subjective approach (coaches’ eye) to assess biological maturity timing (BMT) with objective reference diagnostics (MRI). For this purpose, data were collected from 63 male elite soccer players of the U12 and U14 age group who were part of the German talent promotion program. Players’ BMT (i.e., skeletal – chronological age) was assessed by MRI and a subjective rating of two coaches. Data analyses revealed high-rank correlations (rs = .55; p < .001) for the total sample as well as for U14 players (rs = .65; p < .001) and moderate rank correlations for U12 players (rs = .42; p < .05). Single case analyses showed substantial agreements between the diagnostics. However, particularly for U12 players, judgements did not always correspond with the MRI rankings. Although coaches seem to have the ability for recognizing the earliest and latest maturing players in the sample, inconsistencies exist in single cases, especially for players that were identified on-time by objective MRI diagnostics. Although utilizing subjective coach assessments as an alone-standing tool to assess a player's BMT is not recommended in applied practice, its use can be beneficial when applied in addition to common objective diagnostics or in circumstances where objective data are not available.
A theory for the estimation of surface fluxes in simple katabatic flows

The classical Prandtl model describes the basic dynamics of katabatic flows, but it fails in determining the gradients near the surface because the eddy diffusivity, K, is independent of height, z. An improvement is proposed to the Prandtl model by using the WKB method to solve the dynamic equation for any prescribed, reasonably smooth, K(z) profile.
A new measure for conditional mutual information and its properties

We propose a new conditional mutual information measure, called the reduced intrinsic in- formation, and show its significance in the context of determining the number of secret-key bits that can be extracted from distributed information by public communication. I. THE REDUCED INTRINSIC INFORMATION The secret-key rate S(X; YllZ) of a tripartite probability distribution PXYZ is the rate at which two parties, knowing realizations of X and Y, respectively, can generate, by pub- lic communication, common bits about which a third party, who has access to 2, remains almost completely ignorant (l). It is a fundamental problem to express S(X;YllZ) in terms of Pxyz. In (2), the intrinsic information I(X;YJ. Z) := infpZlz(I(X;YIZ)) was shown to be an upper bound on S(X; YllZ). (Here, the infimum is taken over all possible ways the third party Eve can process her information 2.)
Anomalous Cosmic Rays

We review the observed properties of anomalous cosmic rays and the present status of our knowledge of the processes by which they originate. We compiled a comprehensive set of ACR energy spectral data from various spacecraft throughout the heliosphere during the passes of Ulysses over the poles of the Sun and present first results of a detailed modeling effort. In several contributions, we discuss the questions of injection and possible pre-acceleration of pickup ions, summarize new observations on the ionic charge composition, and present new results on the composition of minor ions in ACRs.
Two-dimensional sampling-image x-ray streak camera for ultrafast imaging of inertial confinement fusion plasmas

Ultrafast two-dimensional (2D) x-ray imaging with a temporal resolution better than 10 ps is of great importance in diagnosing the final stages of the imploded core plasmas of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets. The multi-imaging x-ray streak camera (MIXS) has been one of such imaging techniques. Recently, we have proposed another scheme, a 2D sampling-image x-ray streak camera method (2D-SIXS). In this scheme, a 2D image is sampled two dimensionally with a set of sampling points distributed regularly over the whole image on a cathode plate of an x-ray streak camera. The sampled image is streaked, and then, reconstructed to form the time-resolved 2D images like movie pictures. In this article, we report results of our proof-of-principle experiments of 2D-SIXS scheme performed at Gekko-XII glass laser system. A gold-coated spherical target was irradiated by three beams (0.53 μm) of Gekko-XII laser. Streaked data of 2D-SIXS were obtained and a series of time-resolved 2D x-ray images were successfully.
Electrical characterization of metal/pentacene contacts

We report on the results of electrical characterization experiments on metal/pentacene contacts. The metals explored were gold, silver, and platinum. Two kinds of devices were fabricated and tested: symmetric metal/pentacene/metal structures and nonsymmetric metal/pentacene/indium-tin-oxide structures. The rectification ratio of the latter devices was found to depend strongly on the metal and ranged between 2 and 103 for applied voltages of ±1V. Schottky barrier heights were extracted from the reverse current activation energy measurements over the temperature range of ∼240–340K. Numerical device modeling using the experimentally determined Schottky barrier heights yielded results that are consistent with the experimental current-voltage characteristics, and indicated the presence of a non-negligible (trapped) positive space charge in the pentacene films.
Hyper-Dimensional Modulation for Robust Short Packets in Massive Machine-Type Communications

In this paper, we introduce Hyper-Dimensional Modulation (HDM) for massive machine-type communications (mMTC). HDM enables robust communication of short packets by spreading information bits across many elements in a hyper-dimensional vector and superimposing a set of such non-orthogonal vectors. The proposed CRC-aided K-best decoding algorithm for HDM can achieve a very low packet error rate (PER) in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels for short packets. Furthermore, extended decoding algorithms are proposed to combat overwhelming interference in an mMTC network. Comprehensive simulation and real-world experiment results show that HDM outperforms sparse superposition codes in AWGN channels and state-of-the-art short codes such as polar and tail-biting convolutional codes in interference-heavy channels for short packet transmissions.
The existence of infinitely many traveling front and back waves in the FitzHugh-Nagumo equations

Consideration is given to the FitzHugh–Nagumo equations of bistable type. The existence of traveling front and back waves with any finite number of pulses is proved. The speed of such a multiple pulse wave is characterized by its number of pulses: the more pulses it has, the slower it travels. Traveling impulse and traveling train solutions are also found. These traveling waves arise from the bifurcation of a doubly twisted front-back wave loop. The method is based on the theory of heteroclinic loop bifurcation, the geometric theory of singular perturbation and the Melnikov method.
Overeducation wage penalty for university graduates: evidence from the MENA region using machine learning techniques

ABSTRACT This study estimates the causal effect of overeducation on wages using cross-sectional survey data from three countries in the Middle East and North Africa region. The Labour Market Panel Survey data from Jordan in 2016, Tunisia in 2014, and Egypt in 2012 and 2018 are used. Overeducation occurs when an individual works in a job that requires someone with less education. Our analysis focuses on employees with high school or college education in paid-wage jobs. Overeducation in the data is self-reported. Between 10% and 50% of the samples in the various countries are overeducated, with overeducation being more pronounced among high school than college-educated people. The novel causal forest method as well as the nearest neighbour and propensity score matching methods are used to estimate the over-education wage penalty. The overeducation job mismatch wage penalty is significant in both total wage and basic wage. The size of the penalty, however, varies considerably between the three countries and is negatively associated with the prevalence of overeducation in the job market in each country. The penalty in total wage ranges from 17% in Egypt in 2012 to approximately 50% in Tunisia. High school graduates have smaller penalties. We recommend policies such as conducting more active labour market programmes to reduce the stock of mismatched workforce, enhancing job search services to improve the quality of matching in new vacancies, and following strategies that motivate entrepreneurship.
The miR125b as Biomarkers in The Early Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer

Objective: Bladder cancer (BCa) is the fifth most common cancer and the second most common urinary tract cancer in worldwide. BCa accounts for 3% of all cancers and is particularly common in developed countries. Material and methods: Eighteen of the 20 patients included in the study were male, 2 were female, mean age was 65.1±12.1(range:37-75) years. The control group consisted of 19 male one female, mean age was 60.3±11.2 ( range:40-70) years. A total of seven miRNAs, let-7c, miR-155 , miR-125b, miR-141 miR-145, miR 181 and miR 192 were evaluated in two groups. Results: MiRNAs of bladder cancer patients and healthy individuals were compared according to endogenous miR 181 and miR 192 Delta CT values, miR125b values of bladder cancer cases were found to be significantly higher than healthy controls. (p=0.021) In our study, miR125b, which we found specific and sensitive in endogenous controls, was compatible with studies in the literature. As conclusion, we emphasize that mir125b can be used as a predictor in bladder cancer compared with the literature.
Gravitational radiation from uniformly accelerated particles in general relativity

An exact solution of Einstein’s vacuum equations representing uniformly accelerated particles was given by Bonnor & Swaminarayan. The radiative properties of this solution are here investigated by Bondi’s method. After the introduction of the metric due to Bondi, the news function is found and the asymptotic behaviour of the Riemann tensor is analysed. The non-vanishing news function and the radiative character of the Riemann tensor at light infinity indicate that the solution is of radiative type; in particular, the solution is radiative in the case of freely gravitating masses. By comparing the solution of Bonnor & Swaminarayan with Born’s solution in electrodynamics the results of Bondi’s method are modified for the system which is not permanently isolated. The angular distribution of the radiated energy and the total rate of radiation of energy and momentum are found in the case of freely moving particles with sufficiently small masses. Gravitational radiation of the particles in question is very similar to electromagnetic radiation of an analogous system of charges. At the moment when the masses or the charges are at rest, the resulting expressions are corroborated on the basis of the approximation method of Bonnor & Rotenberg and of the standard multipole expansion method. The radiation has octupole character. In addition to outgoing radiation, incoming radiation with similar properties is present. This incoming radiation can exist in spite of the radiation condition; an additional condition which excludes the incoming radiation is suggested.
Second-moment closure for the near-wall sublayer - Development and application

This paper extends the widely used second-moment closure of Gibson and Launder so as to be applicable within the near-wall sublayer where viscous effects are substantial. This extension, which allows the usual log-law/local-equilibrium matching to be discarded, enables boundary-layer problems to be tackled where the flow structure in the inner region departs from what is usually termed the "universal" wall law. Applications are reported of the flat-plate boundary layer and three cases in which strong streamwise pressure gradients are imposed. Agreement with experiment is better than when the simpler A-e model is adopted.
Lactated Ringer’s Solution Reduces Severity, Mortality, Systemic and Local Complications in Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Fluid therapy is the cornerstone of early supportive therapy in acute pancreatitis (AP). Regrettably, the type of fluid is still debated among clinicians, despite recent evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We aimed to incorporate all evidence from RCTs comparing lactated Ringer’s solution (LR) with normal saline (NS) in adult and pediatric AP patients, with particular emphasis on clinically relevant outcomes. We evaluated RCTs comparing intravenous fluid resuscitation with LR to NS in adult or pediatric AP patients according to a prospectively registered protocol (CRD42021224542). Moderate-to-severe AP (MSAP), mortality, length of hospitalization (LoH), need for intensive care, the incidence of systemic (organ failure, OF) and local complications (in total), necrosis and pseudocyst formation were analyzed separately. Risk ratio (RR) and median difference (MD) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random effect model. Risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed. Altogether, 8 eligible RCTs were found, including 557 patients (LR: 278; NS: 279). LR reduced the risk of MSAP by 31% (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.36–0.97, high quality) and the risk of death by 62% (RR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.24–0.98, very low quality). LR was associated with a significantly lower risk of need for intensive care (RR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.33–0.77), OF (RR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.61–0.99) and local complications (RR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.46–0.89). No significant risk reduction was observed for LoH (MD: −0.57 days, CI: −1.33–0.19), necrosis, pseudocyst and inflammatory parameters by LR compared to NS. LR reduces severity, mortality, need of intensive care and systemic and local complications in AP.
Castasterone, a Plant Steroid Hormone, Affects Human Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells and Reverses Multi-Drug Resistance

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a dismal prognosis, in part because of the development of multi-drug resistance. Castasterone (CAS) is the metabolic precursor of the plant steroid hormone epibrassinolide (EB). In some plants, EB accounts for the total hormone activity, whereas in other plants, CAS is the active form. The effects of CAS, a BR present in most plants, on animal cells in general and cancer cells in particular have not been described. Here, we report the effects of CAS on drug-sensitive (H69) and drug-resistant (VPA17) SCLC cells. CAS was equally cytotoxic to both cell lines (IC50 = 1 μM), indicating a lack of cross-resistance. Pre-incubation of VPA17 cells with CAS for 96 h reversed drug resistance to etoposide and doxorubicin. Synergism between CAS and EB, as well as with chemotherapy drugs, was investigated by exposure of VPA17 cells to 1:1 ratios of CAS and the other drugs at the respective IC50 values, with dilutions at 0.25 to 2.0 × IC50 and determination of the combination index (CI). CAS and EB were additive, indicating that the two drugs act on the same pathway, whereas CAS–etoposide (CI = 0.77) and CAS–doxorubicin were synergistic, indicating that CAS and the two chemotherapeutic drugs act on different pathways. Apoptosis in SCLC cells was measured by immuno-detection of single-strand DNA breaks. Following 96 h incubation of SCLC H69 cells in CAS, the level of DNA breaks was similar to measurements made after incubation in EB and etoposide, indicating that CAS is pro-apoptotic. Incubation of SCLC cells in CAS led to a time-dependent reduction (by 80%) in the transcriptional activator β-catenin. These data indicate that CAS may act via Wnt signaling. Taken together, our study reveals that CAS is pharmacologically active in both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant SCLC cells.
Controlled Teleportation Using Four-Particle Cluster State

A controlled teleportation scheme is presented. In this scheme, quantum information of a single-qubit state or an entangled two-qubits state is transmitted from a sender (Alice) to a receiver (Charlie) via a four-particle cluster state under the control of the supervisor (Bob). The feature of this scheme is that the teleportation between the sender and the receiver depends on the control of the supervisor.
Optimal designing of skip-lot sampling plan of type SkSP-2 with group acceptance sampling plan as reference plan under Burr-type XII distribution

In this paper, skip-lot sampling plan of type SkSP-2 with group acceptance sampling plans is proposed when the lifetime of the product follows the Burr-type XII distributions. The optimal parameters of the proposed plan are determined when two points on operating characteristics curve namely acceptable quality level and limiting quality level and the number of testers are specified. We also considered the Burr-type XII distribution to find the plan parameters. Several tables are given for practical use. We compare the results of proposed plan with the existing plans. Results are explained using real-world examples.
Eigenbewegungen in der Umgebung von α Persei

Es werden Positionen und Eigenbewegungen in einem 27 Quadratgrad grosen Felde um α Persei mitgeteilt. 163 Sterne bis zur photographischen Grose 12m.2 und bis zum Spektraltypus G5 werden auf Grund ihrer gemeinsamen Eigenbewegung als mogliche Mitglieder des Bewegungshaufens um α Persei erkannt.
Dyslipidemia in Patients with Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis

Background: Different comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, altered lipid profile, and an increased cardiovascular risk commonly associated with Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study aimed to declare the correlation between dyslipidemia and Psoriasis. Patents and methods: Ninety-tow patients (29 patients with PSA and 63 patients with psoriasis vulgaris) and 88 healthy, age and sex-matched controls were recruited for the study. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) were measured. The severity of Psoriasis and PsA activity was assessed using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and the Disease Activity Score using 28 joints (DAS28) for patients with Psoriasis and PSA, respectively. Results: HDL level was significantly lower in the patients than in controls. TC, TG, and LDL levels were significantly higher in the patient group than those in the control group. There are no significant differences in serum TC, TG, LDL, and HDL levels in Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The serum TC, TG, LDL, and HDL levels were not related to disease duration but were associated with high disease activity. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia was found in a high percentage of psoriatic and PsA patients than in healthy controls. Dyslipidemia was associated with high disease activity in psoriatic and PsA patients. As Psoriasis and PsA are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, thorough lipid levels estimation is required.