Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive memory: Greater memory advantages in bilinguals’ first language

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: In this study, we examined memory performance in a bilingual population, in an effort to compare depth of processing and complexity across first and second languages. Design/methodology/approach: Complexity was investigated with a pleasantness rating task and an elaborative encoding, scenario-based rating task (i.e. rating words for their survival-relevance). Previous research found word recall largely benefited from an ancestral context that primed participants to think deeply about the survival-relevance of a list of concrete, neutral words. Engaging this more elaborative processing may lead to better memory if the human memory system is particularly tuned toward remembering survival-relevant materials. Data and analysis: Participants included 127 Spanish-English bilinguals, randomly-assigned to complete survival-relevance or pleasantness ratings in either Spanish or English. Aggregated language history data self-reported by participants (e.g. language-learning environments, age of acquisition, and so on), suggested an L1 of Spanish and L2 of English. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) compared word recall across these tasks and languages. Findings/conclusions: We hypothesized better recall performance collected from bilingual participants in the survival condition using their first, more often emotional, language. Our results support this hypothesis, with bilinguals replicating the memory advantage for words rated for their survival-relevance in Spanish (their L1), but not in English (their L2). Originality: While this paradigm has largely been studied with monolingual English-speakers, or in some cases, other languages, no study has explored its replicability in a Spanish-English bilingual population’s two languages. Significance/implications: These findings speak to the on-going effort to understand word processing and memory differences—particularly with regards to processing complexity—across bilinguals’ first and second languages.
Investigations on age, growth and mortality parameters of Ailia coila (Hamilton 1822) (Siluriformes: Ailiidae) from Brahmaputra River system of Assam, India

The present study deals with the detailed investigation on population dynamics of the near-threatened catfish Ailia coila (Hamilton, 1822) , which inhabits the Brahmaputra River of India and forms an important component of freshwater inland fishery, providing nutritional and financial security to the local community. A total of 1034 individuals were collected by weekly sampling from the Uzanbazar and Dhubri landing centres of this river system from September 2013 to April 2014. The estimated asymptotic length (L ∞ ), growth coefficient (K) and age at zero length (t 0 ) of A. coila were 268 mm, 0.87 yr -1 and t 0 = 0.000028 years respectively. Estimated total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality coefficient (F) were 5.76, 1.63 and 4.13 yr -1 respectively . Using von Bertalanffy growth formula (VBGF) the length attained at the end of first, second and third years of life were estimated at 156, 221 and 248 mm, respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth equation of this fish can be written as L t = 268 {1-e -0.87(t+0.000027866) }. The exploitation ratio (U) and exploitation rate (E) and M/K ratio were estimated at 0.71, 0.72 and 1.87, respectively.
The parental experience and perceptions of blenderized tube feeding for children with medical complexity

Abstract Objectives Parents of children with medical complexity are often expected to implement complicated plans of care, such as enteral tube feeding, to support the health of their child. Enteral feeding can have psychosocial implications for the parent, child, and family. Blenderized tube feeding (BTF) refers to the administration of pureed food and drinks through a feeding tube. Little is known regarding parents’ experiences with BTF. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the lived experience of BTF from the parent’s perspective. Methods This qualitative study was a grounded theory analysis utilizing semi-structured interviews of parents who provided at least 50% of their child’s diet through BTF. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling from the Complex Care Program at a tertiary care paediatric centre. Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved. Themes were identified using constant comparative analysis of transcribed interviews. Results Parents (n=10) felt that BTF positively affected the experience of tube feeding and enhanced their child’s health and wellbeing. Parents described BTF as a means of self-empowerment and a mechanism to normalize feeding and care for the entire family. Despite reporting BTF as more time consuming than formula feeding, all parents were satisfied with having made the change, and planned on continuing the diet. Conclusion BTFs can improve the experience of tube feeding and positively address some of the negative psychosocial implications of enteral tube feeding, providing a sense of normalcy and control for parents caring for a child with medical complexity.
Exploring allied health professional student and academic teacher experiences of teaching and learning clinical skills online in response to COVID-19

_Background_: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a shift in the teaching and learning of health professional clinical skills from traditional face-to-face approaches to online platforms in Australia. To date, no research has explored fully online teaching and learning of clinical skills from the perspective of students and academic teachers in the health professions. _Aims_: The aim of this study was to explore student and academic teacher experiences of teaching and learning clinical skills online due to COVID-19. _Methods_: A qualitative interpretative phenomenological approach was used to investigate health professional student (n=17) and academic teacher (n=10) experiences. Data was analysed thematically and a thematic network tool was applied to identify common themes between the two participant groups. _Results_: Three overarching themes were generated: 1) rapid adaptations, 2) additional needs in online learning, and 3) what the future holds. _Conclusion_: The findings of this study have highlighted the importance of providing opportunities for effective practice of, and feedback on, clinical skills when using online platforms. Outcomes of the study reveal the need for clinically relevant teaching and learning resources and integrating clinically relevant and authentic activities from the perspective of health professional students and their academic teachers.
Socioeconomic profile and study choice. The case of university students in Greece

The aim of this research is to examine whether or not, and to what extent, the social status of university students influences their decision making or their preference concerning their choice of academic major. In order to attain this objective, the social characteristics of the students’ families have been taken into consideration, which, according to studies and experience, affect young people’s preferences and choices and make them choose different academic paths. The research sample consisted of 420 students from various Faculties of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Results indicate that there is a close correlation between a student’s preference regarding their university choice, and their social and class background.
Clinicopathological characteristics of colon cancers in a tertiary care centre

Background: Colon cancer is a leading cause of increase in cancer incidence and now becoming a major cause of cancer related mortality.Methods: We evaluated data of patients diagnosed with colon cancer and managed under Aarogyasri program between 2013 and 2019 at a tertiary care cancer hospital in Rajamahenderi, Andhra Pradesh, India. We collected data regarding demography, clinical presentation, subsite, histology, stage and treatment.Results: A total of 142 patients with colon cancer were managed. The mean age was 53.6 years with males accounting for 57%. Most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain followed by vomiting. Most common histology was well differentiated adenocarcinoma. Left sided colon tumors accounted for 47%. Most common stage at presentation was stage III.Conclusions: Our data of colon cancer was different from that described in the western countries. Young age presentation, higher mucinous and signet ring carcinomas and advanced stage presentation were reported in our study. Socioeconomic factors, inadequate health care access might account for some of these differences.
Trends in Ecosystem Services across Europe Due to Land-Use/Cover Changes

The growing pressure on society due to global change requires better integration of ecosystem services (ES) into decision-making. Despite a growing number of ES assessments, Europe-wide information on recent changes of multiple ES is still rare. This study aimed at analysing changes in ES values between 2000 and 2018 across Europe based on land use/land cover (LULC) distribution. We mapped 19 ES for 52 ecoregions and identified six major groups of ecoregions with similar LULC distribution and trends. Our results indicated that provisioning ES mainly increased in the forest-dominated region (G2), decreasing in the near-natural grassland region (G1), the region with agricultural mixed systems (G3), and the intensively-used steppic region (G6). Regulating ES slightly decreased in G1 and G6, but increased in G2 and the wetland-dominated region (G5). Cultural ES had generally low negative trends for most ecoregions. In addition, our results revealed ecoregions with differing trends in ES that could be related to specific socioeconomic developments. Our findings provide spatial and quantitative information that can be used for policy development at European national and regional levels—as well as for monitoring of ES.
P2X7 Receptor of Microglia Mediates Neuropathic pain by Regulating Autophagy After Chronic-Constriction Injury

P2X7 receptor is a crucial receptor related to neuronal activation, neurosensitization, and pain transmission, and increasing evidences indicated that glial cells is thought to be a major contributor to the chronic neuropathic pain after nerve injury. In present study, we designed to investigate whether the P2X7R in glial plays a role in chronic neuropathic pain. We divided adult male Sprague Dawley rats were respectively into four groups:(1) vehicle group (Veh), (2) CCI (C group), (3) P2X7 inhibitor group (P group), (4) CCI+ P2X7R inhibition (CP group). Behavior test, real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and transmission electron microscope were used to analyze the scientific hypothesis. The results of the experiment is that(i) P2X7R of microglia was downregulated by A-70003 after CCI. (ii) Downregulation of P2X7R on microglia is coincident with remission of NP after CCI. (iii) P2X7R of microglia participates in NP via regulating autophagy and apoptosis. In summary, our results support P2X7R inhibition can counteract the CCI-induced NP due to microglia activation via a modulation of autophagy and apoptosis in mPFC and spinal cord. This may provide an importantly neuroprotective mechanism for the improved NP and also help devising new therapeutic to improve chronic pain in patients.
Exploring leaders’ inclusiveness in post-conflict political transitions in East and Southern Africa

ABSTRACT A great deal of research has shown that current conflicts are in fact recurrences of past conflicts. While some studies focused on underlying causes of these conflicts, political leaders’ inclusiveness as influence had been neglected. This article addresses this gap by exploring the role of inclusive leadership in the context of post-conflict political transitions in East and Southern Africa. Based on semi-structured interviews with former Presidents, Prime Ministers and experts in the fields of conflict resolution, and peacekeeping, we found that leaders’ inclusiveness play critical roles in preventing conflict recurrence and maintaining social cohesion. We identified specific barriers and enablers to this role in developing a conceptual framework of leader inclusiveness, inclusive practices, barriers and outcomes.
The effect of green tea extract compounds on regulation of glucose homoeostasis in insulin-sensitive and breast cancer cells

Green tea and its active constituents possess numerous health promoting properties, including regulation of glucose homoeostasis and anti-cancerous effects. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning these properties are poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of green tea extracts on glucose metabolism in insulin-sensitive and breast cancer cells, and C57/BL mice. Glucose uptake in the presence and absence of protein kinase B (Akt) and adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitors, hepatic glycogenesis, triglyceride content, the rate of lipolysis, metabolic gene expression, and Akt and AMPK phosphorylations were assessed in mouse skeletal myotubes, adipocytes and hepatocytes. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), quercetin, and combinations of these compounds selectively increased glucose uptake in these cell lines, and specific dose and time points of ECG and quercetin stimulated AML12 glycogenesis. EGCG, EC, and ECG suppressed adipocyte adipogenesis and lipolysis. These effects were mediated via AMPK in myotubes and Akt in adipocytes/hepatocytes cells. In mice fed a normal or glucose rich diet alongside decaffeinated green tea extract (DGTE), EGCG, and commercial green tea extract (GTE), markers related to glucose and lipid metabolism, body and tissues mass, and ingestion behaviour were assessed. DGTE and EGCG significantly reduced fasting glucose by 45.5% and 33.9% in a glucose fed mice. EGCG increased insulin level and accordingly increased measured of insulin resistance and beta cell function in normal fed mice, whilst, EGCG and GTE significantly increased insulin levels only in glucose-fed mice. Interestingly, selected extracts of green tea raised all adipose tissue masses. The significant increase in triglyceride contents were seen in mice fed a normal diet with DGTE and EGCG, and only EGCG with glucose diet. In breast cancer cells, cell viability, apoptosis, 2-NBDG uptake, lactate production, cellular migration, and phosphorylation of Akt and AMPK markers were explored. EGCG, experiment catechins, and quercetin significantly decreased cell viability, and induced apoptosis, whilst EGCG and quercetin showed reduced cell migration. EGCG and quercetin significantly decreased MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 glucose uptake associated with marked decrease in lactate production. To conclude, selected green tea compounds have significant potential anti-glycaemic, anti-diabetic, and anti-tumour properties, and exert their effects at least in part through Akt and AMPK signalling pathways.
Saccharides Emissions from Biomass and Coal Burning in Northwest China and Their Application in Source Contribution Estimation

Saccharides are important tracers in aerosol source identification but results in different areas varied significantly. In this study, six saccharides (levoglucosan, arabitol, glucose, mannitol, inositol, and sucrose) were determined for their emission factors and diagnostic ratios from domestic combustion of typical biomass and coal fuels in Northwest China. Three types of coal (i.e., anthracitic coal, bituminous coal, and briquettes) and five types of biomass (i.e., maize straw, wheat straw, corn cob, wood branches, and wood block) collected from regional rural areas were selected. Overall, the ranking of the fuel types in terms of the emission factor of particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) was coal < firewood fuel < straw fuel, with a range of 0.14–36.70 g/kg. Furthermore, the emission factor (e.g., organic carbon (OC) levels) of traditional stove-Heated Kang in the Guanzhong Plain differed significantly from that of wood stoves burning the same fuel, which is attributable to differences in the combustion conditions. The combined diagnostic ratios of levoglucosan (LG)/OC and arabitol/elemental carbon can be used to accurately distinguish the source contribution from coal and biomass combustion to atmospheric PM. Estimation of the biomass burning (BB) contribution to PM2.5 had an uncertainty of −2.7% to 41.0% and overestimation of 9.9–28.2% when LG was used as the sole tracer, despite its widespread use in other studies; thus, these estimation methods are inadequate and require improvement. The results also revealed that specialized emission control and clean energy strategies are required for both residential BB and non-BB sources on a regional scale.
Antenatal Depressive Symptoms in Rwanda: Rates, Predictors, and Social Support

BackgroundPrevalence of perinatal depression is high in Rwanda and has been found to be associated with the quality of relationship with partners. This study extends this work to examine the relationship between antenatal depressive symptoms and social support across several relationships among women attending antenatal care services. Methods Structured survey interviews were conducted with 396 women attending antenatal care services in 4 health centers in the Southern Province of Rwanda. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS) were used to assess antenatal depressive symptoms and the level of support respectively. Socio-demographic and gestational information, pregnancy intentions, perceived general health status, and experience of violence were also collected. Univariate, bivariate analyses and a multivariate logistic regression model were performed to determine the relationship between social support and predictors of antenatal depressive symptoms. ResultsMore than half of respondents were married (55.1%) or living with a partner in a common-law relationship (28.5%). About a third (35.9%) were in their 6th month of pregnancy; the rest were in their third term. The prevalence of antenatal depressive symptoms was 26.6% (EPDS ≥ 12). Bivariate analyses suggested that partner and peer support negatively predict depression level symptoms.Adjusting for confounding variables such as unwanted pregnancy (AOR: 0.415, CI: 0.221- 0.778), parity (AOR): 0.336, C.I: 0.113–1.000) and exposure to extremely stressful life events (Odds Ratio = 2.300, C.I. = 1.263–4.189), husband/partner support (AOR: 4.458, CI: 1.833- 10.842) was strongly significantly associated with antenatal depressive symptoms such that women reporting good support were less likely to report depression level symptoms than those reporting poor support or those with no partner. Peer support was no longer significant.Conclusion The study revealed that social support may be a strong protector against antenatal depressive symptoms but only support from the partner. This suggests that strengthening support to pregnant women may be a successful strategy for reducing the incidence or severity of maternal mental health problems, but more work is required to assess whether support from peers can compensate for absent or unsupportive partners.
The Effect of Knowledge Management on Employee's Job Satisfaction

Keywords— Knowledge Management, Sharing of Knowledge, Creation of Knowledge, Acquisition of Knowledge, Retention of Knowledge, Job Satisfaction. Abstract— Knowledge management (KM) is considered as a vital component in constructing a viable advantage in a corporation. According to the earlier studies, Knowledge Management implementation in Ghana is comparatively overlooked. Most societies in Ghana remain uncertain whether the assured routine enhancement through the execution of Knowledge Management practices is simply experiencing declination. Hence, the paper targets to satisfy this necessity by evolving the theoretical structure. The theoretical structure within the research is written by the method of adapts and adopts from the earlier studies. The Knowledge Management practices which will be deliberated during this research work are the creation of knowledge and retention of knowledge, acquisition of knowledge, and sharing of knowledge. It layouts the theoretical structure for the study and know the factors which will impact task satisfaction in an organization. The hypothetical design area will clarify the itemized reasonable structure utilized in this study which comprises of four independent variables, acquisition of knowledge, sharing of knowledge, creation of knowledge and retention of knowledge and one dependent variable which is job satisfaction. Again, the review will cover the effect of practices of knowledge management on the job satisfaction of employees. The paper closes with suggestions on additional exploration that ought to be assigned in order to support the comprehension of the ideas and consequently the impact of Knowledge Management on the job satisfaction of employees.
CEO attributes, investment decisions, and firm performance: New insights from upper echelons theory

The study examines the role of a CEO in enhancing a firm’s performance through the mediating effect of investment decisions in the emerging economy of Pakistan. Distinctly, fixed-effects panel regression method is employed to examine the said-nexus of non-financial firms listed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange. It is empirically unearthed that CEO attributes, namely age, tenure, ownership, financial education, and career experience are positively related to firm performance in general and capital investment decisions in particular. Secondly, capital investment decisions partially and significantly mediate the nexus between CEO attributes and firm performance with few exceptions that confirm the theoretical implications of upper echelons theory in an emerging economy context.
Ways of Being in Community: Centering Preservice Teachers’ Culturally Sustaining Pedagogies in Field-Based Literacy Teacher Education

A common model for connecting theory to practice within literacy teacher preparation programs involves preservice teachers (PTs) working in field-based courses to contextualize their learning. Field-based courses create hybrid spaces for personalizing curricula and following students’ lead outside of the pressures of normal classrooms. Researchers note that although PTs have found field-based courses in diverse, minority school settings helpful, many PTs feel unprepared to work with diverse populations. There is a need for literacy teacher preparation programs to enhance field experiences and incorporate culturally sustaining pedagogy (CSP) within coursework. Few studies, however, have explicitly examined the role of CSP in literacy courses or field-based coursework. Moreover, even coursework intended to prepare teachers to work in diverse settings often centers the experiences of White PTs and reinforces pedagogical practices associated with White cultural and academic norms. In this qualitative case study, we explore the potential of experiences in field-based teacher education courses to disrupt White values, traditions, and curricular norms when CSP is centered and when PTs have the opportunity to work with, and learn from, young students. Findings highlight innovative ways three PTs worked in community with young students and built innovative curricula around their students’ funds of knowledge: by restorying deficit narratives about students’ literacies, following students’ lead into multimodal literacies, and bridging linguistic differences through translanguaging.