Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emergency Medical Services Prehospital Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US: A Brief Literature Review

Abstract This study aimed to analyze prehospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the US through a brief systematic review of available literature in context with international prehospital counterparts. An exploration of the NCBI repository was performed using a search string of relevant keywords which returned n=5128 results; articles that met the inclusion criteria (n=77) were reviewed and analyzed in accordance with PRISMA and PROSPERO recommendations. Methodical quality was assessed using critical appraisal tools, and the Egger’s test was used for risk of bias reduction upon linear regression analysis of a funnel plot. Sources of heterogeneity as defined by P < 0.10 or I^2 > 50% were interrogated. Findings were considered within ten domains: structural/systemic; clinical outcomes; clinical assessment; treatment; special populations; dispatch/activation; education; mental health; perspectives/experiences; and transport. Findings suggest, EMS clinicians have likely made significant and unmeasured contributions to care during the pandemic via nontraditional roles, ie, COVID-19 testing and vaccine deployment. EMS plays a critical role in counteracting the COVID-19 pandemic in addition to the worsening opioid epidemic, both of which disproportionately impact patients of color. As such, being uniquely influential on clinical outcomes, these providers may benefit from standardized education on care and access disparities such as racial identity. Access to distance learning continuing education opportunities may increase rates of provider recertification. Additionally, there is a high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among surveyed nationally registered EMS providers. Continued rigorous investigation on the impact of COVID-19 on EMS systems and personnel is warranted to ensure informed preparation for future pandemic and infectious disease responses.
Alcohol Consumption Patterns and Risk of Early-Onset Vasomotor Symptoms in Premenopausal Women

The role of alcohol consumption in the risk of vasomotor symptoms (VMS), the most cardinal climacteric symptoms, is not well established. We examined their relationship with early-onset VMS among premenopausal women. Moderately-to-severely bothersome VMS, the primary outcome, was assessed using the Korean version of the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire. The alcohol consumption categories included lifetime abstainer, former drinker, or current drinker, categorized as light, moderate, heavy, and very heavy. Compared with the lifetime-abstinence (reference), the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% CIs) for prevalent VMS in alcohol consumption of <10, 10–19, 20–39, and ≥40 g/day were 1.42 (1.02–1.99), 1.99 (1.27–3.12), 2.06 (1.19–3.57), and 3.52 (1.72–7.20), respectively (p trend <0.01). Compared with the lifetime-abstinence, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for incident bothersome VMS among average alcohol consumption of <10, 10–19, 20–39, and ≥40 g/day were 1.10 (0.85–1.41), 1.03 (0.70–1.51), 1.72 (1.06–2.78), and 2.22 (1.16–4.23), respectively (p trend = 0.02). Increased alcohol consumption positively and consistently showed a relationship with increased risk of both prevalent and incident early-onset VMS. Refraining from alcohol consumption may help prevent bothersome VMS in premenopausal women.
Polygenic Models Partially Predict Muscle Size and Strength but Not Low Muscle Mass in Older Women

Background: Heritability explains 45-82% of muscle mass and strength variation, yet polygenic models for muscle phenotypes in older women are scarce. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to (1) assess if total genotype predisposition score (GPSTOTAL) for a set of polymorphisms differed between older women with low and high muscle mass, and (2) utilise a data-driven GPS (GPSDD) to predict the variance in muscle size and strength-related phenotypes. Methods: In three-hundred 60- to 91-year-old Caucasian women (70.7 ± 5.7 years), skeletal muscle mass, biceps brachii thickness, vastus lateralis anatomical cross-sectional area (VLACSA), hand grip strength (HGS), and elbow flexion (MVCEF) and knee extension (MVCKE) maximum voluntary contraction were measured. Participants were classified as having low muscle mass if the skeletal muscle index (SMI) < 6.76 kg/m2 or relative skeletal muscle mass (%SMMr) < 22.1%. Genotyping was completed for 24 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). GPSTOTAL was calculated from 23 SNPs and compared between the low and high muscle mass groups. A GPSDD was performed to identify the association of SNPs with other skeletal muscle phenotypes. Results: There was no significant difference in GPSTOTAL between low and high muscle mass groups, irrespective of classification based on SMI or %SMMr. The GPSDD model, using 23 selected SNPs, revealed that 13 SNPs were associated with at least one skeletal muscle phenotype: HIF1A rs11549465 was associated with four phenotypes and, in descending number of phenotype associations, ACE rs4341 with three; PTK2 rs7460 and CNTFR rs2070802 with two; and MTHFR rs17421511, ACVR1B rs10783485, CNTF rs1800169, MTHFR rs1801131, MTHFR rs1537516, TRHR rs7832552, MSTN rs1805086, COL1A1 rs1800012, and FTO rs9939609 with one phenotype. The GPSDD with age included as a predictor variable explained 1.7% variance of biceps brachii thickness, 12.5% of VLACSA, 19.0% of HGS, 8.2% of MVCEF, and 9.6% of MVCKE. Conclusions: In older women, GPSTOTAL did not differ between low and high muscle mass groups. However, GPSDD was associated with muscle size and strength phenotypes. Further advancement of polygenic models to understand skeletal muscle function during ageing might become useful in targeting interventions towards older adults most likely to lose physical independence.
Caste, space, and schooling in nineteenth century South India

ABSTRACT This paper examines the spatial and temporal dimensions of varied schooling agendas for poor and oppressed caste children and adults in the princely state of Travancore in nineteenth-century colonial south India. Schools became socially contested and politically charged spaces in which various subaltern castes, particularly the Dalits and Nadars, articulated a new language of social and religious self-fashioning. British Protestant missionaries played a crucial role in provoking these imaginations and yet, the joint workings of caste and racial prejudices resulted in ambivalent cultural encounters in the educational landscape. Caste was central to these contestations and negotiations in making modern child subjectivities and tended to produce new forms of inequality and reproduce existing ones. I argue that schooling campaigns for the poor resulted in the perpetuation of hierarchised, caste-inflected norms of childhood and produced multiple marginal children in local society. This paper draws upon British Protestant missionary archives to highlight the unstable and violent geographies in which children of subaltern castes navigated the sphere of modern schooling in colonial Travancore and the constitutive function of schools in the making of marginal childhoods.
Gut Microbiota Modulation, Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Polyphenol Extract from Mung Bean Seed Coat (Vigna radiata L.)

The present study investigated the gut health, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of mung bean seed coat extract (MSE). MSE was obtained by pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) using 50% ethanol as the extracting solvent. After 24 h of in vitro human fecal fermentation, MSE exhibited higher productions of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) than those of the control group (CON) and other polyphenol-rich substrates, including gallic acid (GA) and vitexin (VIT) (p > 0.05), but still lower than the fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS). In 16S-rRNA next-generation sequencing, MSE regulated the composition of gut microbiota by stimulating the growth of the beneficial bacteria Enterococcus, Ruminococcus, Blautia, and Bacteroides and decreasing the growth of the potential pathogenic bacteria Escherichia-Shigella. Similarly, qPCR showed increased numbers of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Prevotella, compared with those of CON (p < 0.05). MSE also reduced reactive oxygen species and increased glucose uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells dose-dependently. The anti-inflammatory activity of MSE was observed in LPS-stimulated THP-1 monocytes with the reduction of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 genes. The data demonstrated the potential applications of MSE as a dietary supplement with gut health benefits and its ability to mitigate diabetes and inflammatory-related diseases.
The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Actual Voluntary Turnover: The Moderating Role of Locus of Control Based on a Longitudinal Analysis

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effect of job satisfaction of employees on actual voluntary turnover and investigate the moderating effect of the locus of control in this process. This study differs from previous studies in several ways. First, it measures actual turnover rather than intention to leave; second, it conducts longitudinal panel analysis to overcome the limitations of cross-sectional surveys, and third, it investigates the moderating effect of the locus of control. Using the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS) dataset, we analyze unbalanced panel data that comprise 41,382 observations of 5,223 people. The result reveals that as job satisfaction decreases, the probability of actual voluntary turnover increases. In addition, when the locus of control is high (internal locus of control), the negative relationship between the two variables strengthens. This result confirms that job satisfaction leads to actual voluntary turnover and indicates that the negative relationship varies depending on the individual trait, that is, the locus of control. Theoretical and practical implications for individuals and organizations are provided.
Predictors of Influenza Vaccination Uptake and the Role of Health Literacy among Health and Social Care Volunteers in the Province of Prato (Italy)

Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for volunteers involved in primary health and social services. Little is known about the volunteers’ adhesion to influenza vaccination recommendations. The aim of this study was to assess influenza vaccination determinants among a group of volunteers who provided essential activities during the first SARS-CoV-2 pandemic wave in the province of Prato, Tuscany (Italy) and to evaluate the role of health literacy in influencing vaccination determinants. Method: In this cross-sectional study, the predictors of influenza vaccination uptake were assessed through the administration of a questionnaire. Variables significantly associated with influenza vaccination uptake were included in five multivariate logistic regression models through a backward stepwise procedure. Results: Among the 502 enrolled volunteers, 24.3% reported being vaccinated in the 2019–2020 season. Vaccination uptake was 48.8% in participants aged 65 years or older and 15.7% in those aged 64 years or younger. Considering the whole sample in the final model of multivariate logistic regression analysis, the predictors of influenza vaccination uptake were age (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.03–1.07), presence of heart diseases (OR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.24–7.19), pulmonary diseases (OR = 6.18; 95% CI = 2.01–19.04) and having undergone surgery under general anesthesia in the prior year (OR = 3.14; 95% CI = 1.23–8.06). In the multivariate model considering only participants with a sufficient level of health literacy (HL), none of these predictors resulted in significant associations with vaccination uptake, except for age (OR= 1.04; 95% CI = 1.02–1.07). Conclusions: Our findings revealed a very low influenza vaccination uptake among volunteers, suggesting the need to increase awareness in this at-risk group by means of a better communication approach.
2D BP/InSe Heterostructures as a Nonlinear Optical Material for Ultrafast Photonics

The BP/InSe heterojunction has attracted the attention of many fields in successful combined high hole mobility of black phosphorus (BP) and high electron mobility of indium selenide (InSe), and enhanced the environmental stability of BP. Nevertheless, photonics research on the BP/InSe heterostructure was insufficient, while both components are considered promising in the field. In this work, a two-dimensional (2D) BP/InSe heterostructure was fabricated using the liquid-phase exfoliation method. Its linear and non-linear optical (NLO) absorption was characterized by ultraviolet−visible−infrared and Open-aperture Z-scan technology. On account of the revealed superior NLO properties, an SA based on 2D BP/InSe was prepared and embedded into an erbium-doped fiber laser, traditional soliton pulses were observed at 1.5 μm with the pulse duration of 881 fs. Furthermore, harmonic mode locking of bound solitons and dark-bright soliton pairs were also obtained in the same laser cavity due to the cross-coupling effect. The stable mode-locked operation can be maintained for several days, which overcome the low air stability of BP. This contribution further proves the excellent optical properties of 2D BP/InSe heterostructure and provides new probability of developing nano-photonics devices for the applications of double pulses laser source and long-distance information transmission.
Comparative Pathologic, Immunohistochemical, Ultrastructural and Molecular study of Bovine Papilloma Virus type 1 E5 Oncogene infection in Exotic and Indigenous cattle breeds

Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) induces benign tumors of cutaneous or mucosa epithelia, called papillomas or warts in cattle and generally regress without eliciting any serious clinical problems in the host, but occasionally persist and provide the focus for malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma. This has a negative implication in beef and hide industry. There is paucity of information on the comparative pathology and molecular detection of BPVs in different breeds of nomadic cattle. Consequently, 340 nomadic cattle grazing in Plateau state Nigeria were screened clinically for papillomatosis followed by histopathology. Lesion consistent with papillomatosis were further investigated using immunohistochemistry (IHC), Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and electron microscopy. Twenty cattle (0.06%) of Friesian, Zebu, Muturu and White Fulani breeds had cutaneous papilloma and skin lesions of the head, neck, shoulders, legs, dorsum, lower abdomen and scrotum. However, only 16 (0.05%) cattle skin biopsy samples were consistent with papillomatosis histopathologically revealing varying degrees of hyperplastic epidermis with acanthosis and orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis. Nuclei in the granular layer of the epidermis were IHC positive for Bovine papillomavirus type I antigen while skin biopsy was BPV-1 E5 oncoprotein gene positive by PCR. Electron microscopy revealed ultrastructural changes consistent with Bovine papillomavirus infection. The distribution and severity of lesion varied in different breeds of nomadic cattle. The detection, diagnosis and characterization of papillomavirus in these cattle enabled the development of autogenous vaccine to immunized cattle. This study highlighted the comparative pathology and molecular characterization of BPVs in different breeds of nomadic cattle, which hitherto was lacking.
Design and Fabrication of a Speed Breaker Mechanism for Power Generation: A Case Study of Ikpoba Hill Benin City, Nigeria

To meet the ever rising demand for power, innovative measures has to been put into place as convention power sources are fast depreciating. In light of the above, this study opines the distinctive design and fabrication of a small scale model speed breaker electric power generator by harnessing the kinetic energy from vehicles with goal of generating electric power. The model was developed utilizing available electrical and mechanical components such as flywheel (FW), battery, inverter, spring, rack and pinion, and DC motor. To this end, the aim of this paper is accomplished by demonstrating the process of conversion of kinetic energy to electrical energy using a movable speed breaker mechanism and show that it can produce adequate amount of power for streets lights and traffic lights. In light of the above, methodology employed to achieve the above includes the construction of a small scale model of the speed breaker generator; using adequate power calculations, design specification with proper review of related works. In conclusion, the proposed model was developed and constructed in such a way that little applied pressure manually (by hand) on the speed breaker caused generation of electrical power. The technical feasibility of this model is illustrated in real case scenario at Ikpoba hill in upper mission extension in Uteh community employed as a case study.
Analysis of a Triple-Stator Axial-Flux Spoke-Type Permanent Magnet Vernier Machine

In this article, an axial-flux permanent-magnet (PM) Vernier machine with the triple-stator, spoke-type PM rotor, and toroidal winding wound on the innerstator is proposed. Benefited from the flux focusing spoke-type PM rotor and short end length toroidal winding, the proposed machine has a high torque density and the improved power factor. Based on the air-gap permeance function, the analytical expression of the proposed machine is derived to qualitatively analyze the machine's performance. The quasi-three-dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis (FEA) is adopted to optimize the design parameters, such as innerstator diameter, PM thickness, and slot opening width. The quasi-3-D FEA results match well with the 3-D FEA. The 3-D FEA results show the torque densities of the proposed machine reach 49.4 Nm/L and 11.4 Nm/kg, respectively, under the 232 A/cm average electrical loading. The performances, such as overload capacity, PM demagnetization, and PM and core losses, are also analyzed by 3-D FEA. The comparison with the other axial-flux PM Vernier machine is conducted, and the results reveal that the proposed machine has the great advantages of the torque density and power factor. Since the prototype is not built, in this article, the assembly scheme and thermal behavior of the proposed machine are discussed.
Laser noise mitigation through time delay interferometry for space-based gravitational wave interferometers using the UF laser interferometry simulator

of Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy LASER NOISE MITIGATION THROUGH TIME DELAY INTERFEROMETRY FOR SPACE-BASED GRAVITATIONAL WAVE INTERFEROMETERS USING THE UF LASER INTERFEROMETRY SIMULATOR By Shawn J. Mitryk May 2012 Chair: Guido Müller Major: Physics The existence of gravitational waves was theorized in 1916 by Albert Einstein in accordance with the linearized theory of general relativity. Most experiments and observations to date have supported general relativity, but now, nearly 100 years later, the scientific community has yet devise a method to directly measure gravitational radiation. With the first attempts towards a gravitational wave measurement in the 1960s, many methods have been proposed and tested since then, all failing thus far to provide a positive detection. The most promising gravitational radiation detection method is through the use of a space-based laser interferometer and with the advancement of modern technologies, these space-based gravitational wave measurements will eventually provide important scientific data to physics, astro-physics, and astronomy communities. The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is one such space-based laser interferometer. LISA’s proposed design objective is to measure gravitational radiation in the frequency range from 30μHz to 1Hz using a modified Michelson interferometer. The interferometer arms are 5Gm in length measured between each of the 3 spacecraft in the interferometer constellation. The differential arm-length will be measured to an accuracy of 18 pm/ √ Hz resulting in a baseline strain sensitivity of 3.6 × 10−21 / √ Hz . Unfortunately, the dynamics of the spacecraft orbits complicate the differential
PERCEIVED TECHNOLOGY USE IN CLASSROOM INSRUCTIONS BY TECHNICAL TEACHERS IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA

T he study assessed the technical teachers’ perceived technology use in classroom instructions in institutions offering Nigeria Certificate in Education (Technical) in North-Eastern Nigeria. Two objectives and two research questions were formulated to guide the study. Descriptive survey design was employed; population was all the 173 technical teachers in the institutions offering Nigeria Certificate in Education (Technical) in North -Eastern Nigeria, a sample of 65 technical teachers was selected using stratified proportional random technique. The instrument Perceived Technology Use Questionnaire (PTUQ) was adapted and validated by two experts in the faculty of Technology Education, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi and used for the collection of data. The reliability of the instrument was found to be 0.82. Mean and Standard Deviation statistics were used to analyze the data. The finding shows that technical teachers perceived substantial benefits in using technology in classroom instructions. The findings show that there is a problem associated with technological self-efficacy hence among the technical teachers in institutions offering Nigeria Certificate in Education (Technical) in North-Eastern Nigeria. Based on these findings it is recommended that the institutions offering Nigeria Certificate Education (Technical) in north-eastern Nigeria should organized seminars and workshops that would help the teachers improve their capability toward the use of technology in their classroom instruction.
An Exploratory Investigation on Exposure, Perception and Patterns of Usage of Digital Technology among Children in a North Indian City

Background: Digital technologies such as smartphones, tablets and laptops have become a mainstay part of nearly every household and are gradually being integrated into the lives of both adults and children. We aim to determine the extent of exposure and usage of digital technology by children in their daily activities and to understand the transition in technological preferences and attitudes over the generation. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 children (both boys and girls) aged 05-12 years living in Prayagraj city of Uttar Pradesh, India, using a pretested interview schedule. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were used for data analysis. The phenomenological method was used to understand respondents’ viewpoints about their preferences and attitudes related to technology. Results: An overwhelming majority of households have television (TV) followed by digital cameras, laptops, tablets, kindle and video games such as Playstation. Nearly half of children began to use digital devices from the age of 7 to 8 years. Nearly two-third of the children learnt to use digital devices on their own, and about 12% of them reported often practicing media multitasking. Over the generation, differences are noted in terms of possession, use and perception regarding digital technology. Conclusion: The availability of media content on such devices influences the screen time of children of all ages. The study underscores the importance of parental monitoring and devising a policy to regulate the ownership of digital devices and to reduce screen time to less than two hours per day, especially during early childhood.