Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Infrared 2–4 Micrometer Spectroscopy and Millimeter Interferometric HCN and HCO+ Observations of the Individual Merging Components of Arp 299

We present ground-based infrared K- (2-2.5 micron) and L-band (2.8-4.1 micron) spectroscopy, as well as interferometric observations at 3mm, for the individual merging components (A, B, and C) of the luminous infrared galaxy Arp 299. We investigate the presence and location of the putative buried active galactic nucleus (AGN) inferred from previous X-ray observations at E > 10 keV. Our sub-arcsec-resolution infrared spectra clearly reveal that the putative buried AGN resides in the nucleus B1 (a subcomponent of B), based on a very low equivalent width of 3.3 micron polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission, a weak 2.3 micron CO absorption feature, and a large time variation of the K- and L-band continuum fluxes. In component C, we find strong 3.1 micron ice absorption at L and weak 2.3 micron CO absorption at K, as expected in a buried AGN; however, a centrally concentrated young super star cluster is an alternative possibility because of the modest infrared luminosity and non-galaxy-nucleus nature of this component. The infrared K- and L-band spectra of the infrared brightest nucleus, A, are typical of a normal starburst with no explicit AGN signatures. Our interferometric observations simultaneously obtain HCN (J=1-0) and HCO+ (J=1-0) emission lines with 4 arcsec resolution, and we find the HCN to HCO+ brightness-temperature ratios to be as low as those found in starburst nuclei in all the major merging components of Arp 299. The low ratio even in the AGN-hosting nucleus B may be due to the presence of a large amount of high-density molecular gas whose chemistry is dominated by coexisting starbursts and/or shocks, rather than by the central strong X-ray-emitting AGN.
Physical Mapping of bchG, orf427, andorf177 in the Photosynthesis Gene Cluster ofRhodobacter sphaeroides: Functional Assignment of the Bacteriochlorophyll Synthetase Gene

ABSTRACT The purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides has within its genome a cluster of photosynthesis-related genes approximately 41 kb in length. In an attempt to identify genes involved in the terminal esterification stage of bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis, a previously uncharacterized 5-kb region of this cluster was sequenced. Four open reading frames (ORFs) were identified, and each was analyzed by transposon mutagenesis. The product of one of these ORFs, bchG, shows close homologies with (bacterio)chlorophyll synthetases, and mutants in this gene were found to accumulate bacteriopheophorbide, the metal-free derivative of the bacteriochlorophyll precursor bacteriochlorophyllide, suggesting that bchG is responsible for the esterification of bacteriochlorophyllide with an alcohol moiety. This assignment of function to bchG was verified by the performance of assays demonstrating the ability of BchG protein, heterologously synthesized in Escherichia coli, to esterify bacteriochlorophyllide with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate in vitro, thereby generating bacteriochlorophyll. This step is pivotal to the assembly of a functional photosystem in R. sphaeroides, a model organism for the study of structure-function relationships in photosynthesis. A second gene, orf177, is a member of a large family of isopentenyl diphosphate isomerases, while sequence homologies suggest that a third gene, orf427, may encode an assembly factor for photosynthetic complexes. The function of the remaining ORF,bchP, is the subject of a separate paper (H. Addlesee and C. N. Hunter, J. Bacteriol. 181:7248–7255, 1999). An operonal arrangement of the genes is proposed.
Transformation of axial vacuum-arc plasma flows into radial streams and their use in coating deposition processes

Radial filtered plasma flow formation in the annular gap between two oppositely directed rectilinear vacuum-arc erosion-plasma sources with magnetic focusing has been investigated. Studies were made into the impact of the parameters of the system (magnetic fields, substrate position) on the ion flow density and deposition rate distributions across the outlet annular opening between the anodes, and also on the roughness of the coatings obtained. As a result, the experiments have given the conditions which provide for coating deposition at a uniform rate over the whole width of the annular substrate surface with minimum plasma losses in the process of transformation of axial plasma flows into radial streams.
Case study of the physics component of an integrated curriculum

Over a four-year time span, several departments at North Carolina State University offered experimental sections of courses taken by freshman engineering students. The acronym IMPEC (Integrated Math, Physics, Engineering, and Chemistry curriculum) describes which classes were involved. This paper discusses the physics component of the curriculum and describes the impact of the highly collaborative, technology-rich, activity-based learning environment on a variety of conceptual and problem-solving assessments and attitude measures. Qualitative and quantitative research results indicate that students in the experimental courses outperformed their cohorts in demographically matched traditional classes, often by a wide margin. Student satisfaction and confidence rates were remarkably high. We also noted substantial increases in retention and success rates for groups underrepresented in science, math, and engineering. Placing students in the same teams across multiple courses appears to have been the most beneficial aspect of the learning environment.
Development of Intelligent Time/Frequency Based Signal Detection Algorithm for Intrusion Detection System

For the past couple of decades Weak signal detection is of crucial importance in various engineering and scientific applications. It finds its application in areas like Wireless communication, Radars, Aerospace engineering, Control systems and many of those. Usually weak signal detection requires phase sensitive detector and demodulation module to detect and analyze the signal. This article gives you a preamble to intrusion detection system which can effectively detect a weak signal from a multiplexed signal. By carefully inspecting and analyzing the respective signal, this system can successfully indicate any peripheral intrusion. Intrusion detection system (IDS) is a comprehensive and easy approach towards detecting and analyzing any signal that is weakened and garbled due to low signal to noise ratio (SNR). This approach finds significant importance in applications like peripheral security systems. Keywords—Data Acquisition, fast frequency transforms, Lab VIEW software, weak signal detection.
A Cascaded Approach to Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Using a Unified Model

We propose a cascaded approach for extracting biomedical named entities from text documents using a unified model. Previous works often ignore the high computational cost incurred by a single-phase approach. We alleviate this problem by dividing the named entity extraction task into a segmentation task and a classification task, reducing the computational cost by an order of magnitude. A unified model, which we term "maximum-entropy margin-based" (MEMB), is used in both tasks. The MEMB model considers the error between a correct and an incorrect output during training and helps improve the performance of extracting sparse entity types that occur in biomedical literature. We report experimental evaluations on the GENIA corpus available from the BioNLP/NLPBA (2004) shared task, which demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance achieved by the proposed approach.
Automated Production of Volunteered Geographic Information from Social Media

The easy production of data with geographic context has enabled a deeper engagement with people and has led to the emergence of LocationBased Social Networks LBSNs. Such environments have proved to be very useful in the context of smart cities, however, one of the main challenges has been how to keep users willing to contribute and keep the LBSNs in a continuous operation. Concerning this problem, we propose an automated production of Volunteered Geographic Information VGI based on Geographic Information Retrieval techniques with the aim of providing valuable and up-to-date information for LBSN environments taking advantage of social media messages around the web. A prototype software was developed and evaluated through a case study using microtexts.
Lipids in Health and Disease Research Effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid on resting and exercise-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers : a randomized , placebo controlled , cross-over study

Background: The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effects of EPA/DHA supplementation on resting and exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in exercisetrained men. Fourteen men supplemented with 2224 mg EPA+2208 mg DHA and a placebo for 6 weeks in a random order, double blind cross-over design (with an 8 week washout) prior to performing a 60 minute treadmill climb using a weighted pack. Blood was collected pre and post exercise and analyzed for a variety of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. Blood lactate, muscle soreness, and creatine kinase activity were also measured. Results: Treatment with EPA/DHA resulted in a significant increase in blood levels of both EPA (18 ± 2 μmol·L-1 vs. 143 ± 23 μmol·L-1; p < 0.0001) and DHA (67 ± 4 μmol·L-1 vs. 157 ± 13 μmol·L1; p < 0.0001), while no differences were noted for placebo. Resting levels of CRP and TNF-α were lower with EPA/DHA compared to placebo (p < 0.05). Resting oxidative stress markers were not different (p > 0.05). There was a mild increase in oxidative stress in response to exercise (XO and H2O2) (p < 0.05). No interaction effects were noted. However, a condition effect was noted for CRP and TNF-α, with lower values with the EPA/DHA condition. Conclusion: EPA/DHA supplementation increases blood levels of these fatty acids and results in decreased resting levels of inflammatory biomarkers in exercise-trained men, but does not appear necessary for exercise-induced attenuation in either inflammation or oxidative stress. This may be due to the finding that trained men exhibit a minimal increase in both inflammation and oxidative stress in response to moderate duration (60 minute) aerobic exercise. Background Oxidative stress is a condition in which the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) overwhelms the body's available antioxidant defenses, possibly resulting in oxidation within susceptible tissues [1]. This has been reported in response to both aerobic [2] and anaerobic [3] exercise, with over 300 original investigations published over the past 30 years [2]. While a low level of Published: 19 August 2009 Lipids in Health and Disease 2009, 8:36 doi:10.1186/1476-511X-8-36 Received: 22 July 2009 Accepted: 19 August 2009 This article is available from: http://www.lipidworld. com/content/8/1/36 © 2009 Bloomer et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Lipids in Health and Disease 2009, 8:36 http://www.lipidworld. com/content/8/1/36
Micro-Indentation of Metal Matrix Composite - An FEM Investigation

Micro-indentation has been widely used to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials. It has also been considered to be an important measure in the study of machinability of difficult-to-machine materials such as metal matrix composites (MMCs). Because of the complexity of deformation of an MMC and the interaction in the vicinity of contact zone between the indenter and work material, an analytical or experimental method is unable to predict the detailed deformation process. The present paper uses the finite element method to investigate the behavior of MMCs subjected to micro-indentation by a spherical indenter including the development of stress and strain fields in the MMCs during loading/unloading. Particle fracture, debonding and displacement, and inhomogeneous deformation of matrix material were explored and compared with the experimental results reported in the literature. The analysis also provides an insight for understanding the formation of residual stresses in machined MMC components.
Validation of the Chinese Version of the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire-10 in Pregnant Women.

We evaluated the psychometric properties of a Mandarin Chinese version of the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire-10 (FOSQ-10) in pregnant women. A total of 228 first-trimester pregnant women participated in the study, which was conducted in an outpatient obstetric clinic at a medical center in Taipei, Taiwan. The Chinese version of the FOSQ-10 demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = .85), adequate corrected item-total correlations (from .40 to .67), and acceptable test-retest reliability over 7 days (ICC = .73). Construct validity was supported by exploratory factor analysis showing a one-factor structure with item loadings between . 49 and . 77. Significant associations with the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey 12 version 2 and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index supported criterion-related and convergent validity. Significant differences in the Chinese version of the FOSQ-10 total scores were found between women with clinically significant daytime sleepiness and those without, suggesting adequate discriminant validity. Ceiling effects were observed for all items, but no floor or ceiling effects were found for total scores. Findings suggest that the Chinese version of the FOSQ-10 is a valid and reliable instrument to identify important effects of sleep-related impairment in Chinese women during pregnancy. Further testing is needed in more diverse pregnant women, such as women with complicated pregnancies and those with sleep disorders. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
GANGLIOSIDE COMPOSITION OF CHEMICALLY INDUCED RAT NEURAL TUMORS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HEMATOSIDE FROM NEURINOMAS

Abstract– Experimental rat neural tumors in offspring were induced transplacentally by a single injection of a chemical carcinogen, ethylnitrosourea, 20mg/kg body wt, in the tail vein of the mother. The ganglioside content and pattern in these tumors and the normal tissues from which the tumors originated are described. The ganglioside content in tumors was reduced, on wet tissue weight basis, compared to normal control. However, there was no significant difference of ganglioside content on dry weight or protein basis. Altered ganglioside composition was found in most of the neural tumors. In central nervous system tumors, there was some increase in GM3 and GT1b′ (nomenclature according to Svennerholm, 1963), a marked decrease in GM1 and some decrease in GD1a, but no apparent loss in GD1b. Extreme simplification of ganglioside pattern was seen in tumors originated from peripheral nervous system. Large accumulation of GM3 with concomitant loss of all the higher gangliosides was seen. GM3 from neurinomas as well as from normal gray matter was isolated and characterized. GM3 from neurinomas separated into two bands on thin layer chromatographic plates. Both these GM3 bands had identical sphingosine and carbohydrate composition but differed in their fatty acid composition. The fast moving band had 77% of the total fatty acids as C20:0 or longer chain while the slow moving band had only 22% of the long chain fatty acids. Normal gray matter GM3 had one major band containing 82% of and only 17% of the fatty acids as C20:0 or higher. It is suggested that in the tumor cells either the specificity of the enzyme cytidine monophosphate‐N‐acetyl neuraminic acid: ceramide dihexoside sialyltransferase for C18.0 fatty acid containing glycolipid was altered or that the compartmentation of precursor pools for the simpler glycolipids present in normal tissue did not exist in transformed cells.
T1 mapping in dilated cardiomyopathy with cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of diffuse myocardial fibrosis and comparison with endomyocardial biopsy.

AIM The aim of this study was to determine the value of extracellular volume fraction (ECV) for the non-invasive assessment of diffuse myocardial fibrosis (MF) in different stages of systolic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in comparison with endomyocardial biopsy. BACKGROUND Non-invasive ECV assessment using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) T1 mapping reflects diffuse MF in patients with severe DCM, but earlier stages of DCM with mild LV functional impairment have not been investigated yet. METHODS Forty-five subjects with mild functional impairment and LV dilation ['early DCM', ejection fraction (EF) 45-55%], 29 with LV dysfunction and volume dilatation ('DCM', EF <45%) and 56 healthy volunteers (controls) underwent standard CMR imaging, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 mapping for the calculation of ECV. The collagen volume fraction (CVF) was quantified histologically from endomyocardial biopsies of 24 DCM patients out of the study cohort. RESULTS The ECV between 'early DCM' (25 ± 4%), 'DCM' (27 ± 4%), and controls (23 ± 3; P < 0.05 for all) differed significantly. There was a weak inverse correlation between ECV and EF (r = -0.35; P < 0.01). A strong correlation between ECV and CVF could be detected (r = 0.85; P = 0.01). The cut-off value for ECV to differentiate between healthy myocardium and DCM was 26% (specificity 91.1%, sensitivity 62.1%, area under the curve 0.8, P < 0.0001). ECV is already elevated at early stages of functional impairment, whereby an overlap between early DCM and controls is present. But 31% of the early DCM patients had an ECV fraction above the mean ±2 SD ECV of controls. CONCLUSIONS ECV measurement with CMR reflects myocardial collagen content in DCM. Therefore, CMR-based assessment of ECV may have the potential to serve as a non-invasive tool for the quantification of diffuse MF in order to monitor therapy response and aid risk stratification in different stages of DCM.
Self-healing woven glass fabric/epoxy composites with the healant consisting of micro-encapsulated epoxy and latent curing agent

This paper reports a study of self-healing woven glass fabric reinforced epoxy composites. The healing agent was a two-component one synthesized in the authors’ laboratory, which consisted of epoxy-loaded urea-formaldehyde microcapsules as the polymerizable binder and CuBr2(2-methylimidazole)4 (CuBr2(2-MeIm)4) as the latent hardener. Both the microcapsules and the matching catalyst were pre-embedded and pre-dissolved in the composites’ matrix, respectively. When the microcapsules are split by propagating cracks, the uncured epoxy can be released into the damaged areas and then consolidated under the catalysis of CuBr2(2-MeIm)4 that was homogeneously distributed in the composites’ matrix on a molecular scale. As a result, the cracked faces can be bonded together. The influence of the content of the self-healing agent on the composites’ tensile properties, interlaminar fracture toughness and healing efficiency was evaluated. It was found that a healing efficiency over 70% relative to the fracture toughness of virgin composites was obtained in the case of 30 wt% epoxy-loaded microcapsules and 2 wt% latent hardener.
The Impact of CYP2C19 Loss-of-Function Polymorphisms, Clinical, and Demographic Variables on Platelet Response to Clopidogrel Evaluated Using Impedance Aggregometry

Introduction: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug widely used in patients with acute coronary syndromes or stroke. Despite adequate antiplatelet therapy, some patients develop acute ischemic events. This is partly attributed to the fact that they have poor inhibition of platelet reactivity, despite treatment. This study aimed to assess the impact of clinical and demographic variables and of cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) loss-of-function polymorphisms on platelet response to clopidogrel evaluated using impedance aggregometry in an East European population. Methods: The study included 189 clopidogrel-treated patients with acute coronary syndromes and noncardiogenic ischemic stroke. Platelet aggregation was evaluated by impedance aggregometry. CYP2C19 loss-of-function polymorphisms were detected using the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Various clinical and demographic data were also recorded. Results: In our data set, 81% of the patients were responders and 19% nonresponders to clopidogrel therapy. The distribution of CYP2C19 polymorphisms was as follows: 61.1% of patients were CYP2C19 wild-type homozygotes, 27.7% of patients were CYP2C19*2 heterozygotes, 1.1% of patients were CYP2C19*3 heterozygotes, and 10% of patients were CYP2C19*2 homozygotes. The highest level of association with clopidogrel response status was found for CYP2C19 polymorphisms, concomitant aspirin treatment, leukocyte and platelet count, history of myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, and ward where patients were admitted. Conclusion: The prevalence of clopidogrel resistance in our East European population was in line with that reported for Western populations. Clopidogrel response was significantly influenced by the presence of CYP2C19 polymorphisms. Interestingly, the concomitant use of aspirin had a significant impact on platelet response to clopidogrel, indicating a synergic interaction between these drugs.
A Pipeline Arabic Named Entity Recognition using a Hybrid Approach

Most Arabic Named Entity Recognition (NER) systems have been developed using either of two approaches: a rule-based or Machine Learning (ML) based approach, with their strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, the problem of Arabic NER is tackled through integrating the two approaches together in a pipelined process to create a hybrid system with the aim of enhancing the overall performance of NER tasks. The proposed system is capable of recognizing 11 different types of named entities (NEs): Person, Location, Organization, Date, Time, Price, Measurement, Percent, Phone Number, ISBN and File Name. Extensive experiments are conducted using three different ML classifiers to evaluate the overall performance of the hybrid system. The empirical results indicate that the hybrid approach outperforms both the rule-based and the ML-based approaches. Moreover, our system outperforms the state-of-the-art of Arabic NER in terms of accuracy when applied to ANERcorp dataset, with f-measures 94.4% for Person, 90.1% for Location, and 88.2% for Organization.
Data Reduction in Support Vector Machines by a Kernelized Ionic Interaction Model

A major drawback of support vector machines is their high computational complexity. In this paper, we introduce a novel kernelized ionic interaction (IoI) model for data reduction in support vector machines. We also present a data reduction method based on the kernelized instance based (KIB2) algorithm. We show that the computation time can be significantly reduced without any significant decrease in the prediction accuracy.
Eco: ultra-wearable and expandable wireless sensor platform

Eco is a self-contained, ultra-wearable and expandable wireless sensor platform under 1cm3. Previous platforms make trade-offs between size or expandability. Eco achieves both with a novel flex-PCB expansion connector for digital/analog I/O, firmware programming, and battery charging. It can be folded up without obstruction or clipped off if expandability is no longer needed. Only 15% the volume of MICA2D0T, Eco has the same size as the nonexpandable muPart node but with several times more memory, processing and communication speeds. A separate data aggregator and a development/base-station board enable Eco nodes to form a high-performance body sensor network for pre-term infant monitoring and interactive dance