Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Myosin Light Chain Dephosphorylation by PPP1R12C Promotes Atrial Hypocontractility in Atrial Fibrillation

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, increases thromboembolic stroke risk five-fold. Although atrial hypocontractility contributes to stroke risk in AF, the molecular mechanisms reducing myofilament contractile function remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that increased expression of PPP1R12C, the PP1 regulatory subunit targeting atrial myosin light chain 2 (MLC2a), causes hypophosphorylation of MLC2a and results in atrial hypocontractility. Methods Right atrial appendage tissues were isolated from human AF patients versus sinus rhythm (SR) controls. Western blots, co-immunoprecipitation, and phosphorylation studies were performed to examine how the PP1c-PPP1R12C interaction causes MLC2a de-phosphorylation. In vitro studies of pharmacologic MRCK inhibitor (BDP5290) in atrial HL-1 cells were performed to evaluate PP1 holoenzyme activity on MLC2a. Cardiac-specific lentiviral PPP1R12C overexpression was performed in mice to evaluate atrial remodeling with atrial cell shortening assays, echocardiography, and AF inducibility with EP studies. Results In human patients with AF, PPP1R12C expression was increased two-fold versus SR controls (P=2.0×10−2, n=12,12 in each group) with > 40% reduction in MLC2a phosphorylation (P=1.4×10−6, n=12,12 in each group). PPP1R12C-PP1c binding and PPP1R12C-MLC2a binding were significantly increased in AF (P=2.9×10−2 and 6.7×10−3 respectively, n=8,8 in each group). In vitro studies utilizing drug BDP5290, which inhibits T560-PPP1R12C phosphorylation, demonstrated increased PPP1R12C binding with both PP1c and MLC2a, and dephosphorylation of MLC2a. Lenti-12C mice demonstrated a 150% increase in LA size versus controls (P=5.0×10−6, n=12,8,12), with reduced atrial strain and atrial ejection fraction. Pacing-induced AF in Lenti-12C mice was significantly higher than controls (P=1.8×10−2 and 4.1×10−2 respectively, n= 6,6,5). Conclusions AF patients exhibit increased levels of PPP1R12C protein compared to controls. PPP1R12C overexpression in mice increases PP1c targeting to MLC2a and causes MLC2a dephosphorylation, which reduces atrial contractility and increases AF inducibility. These findings suggest that PP1 regulation of sarcomere function at MLC2a is a key determinant of atrial contractility in AF.
Alelopatia de extratos de adubos verdes sobre a germinação e crescimento inicial de alface = Allelopathy of green manures extracts on germination and initial growth of the lettuce

Extratos aquosos obtidos de palhas de tres gramineas e tres leguminosas nas concentracoes de 2,5%, 5% e 10% foram preparados com o objetivo de determinar o potencial alelopatico dessas especies utilizadas como adubos verdes sobre alface (Lactuca sativa L.), e estimar a melhor concentracao para uso desses extratos em bioensaios de laboratorio. Para analise da germinacao foram consideradas as variaveis porcentagem de germinacao e indice de velocidade de germinacao. Para analise do crescimento inicial consideraram-se as variaveis porcentagem de plantas normais, comprimento de raiz e parte aerea, massa fresca de raiz e parte aerea e massa seca de raiz e parte aerea. Os adubos verdes utilizados para preparacao dos extratos foram as leguminosas crotalaria (Crotalaria anagyroides H.B.K.), feijao-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC) e guandu-anao Cajanus cajan (L). Millsp e as poaceas aveia-preta (Avena strigosa Schieb), sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) e milheto (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown), em cultivo exclusivo e consorciadas, perfazendo dezesseis tratamentos (crotalaria, feijao-de-porco, guandu-anao, aveia-preta, sorgo, milheto, crotalaria + aveia-preta, crotalaria + sorgo, crotalaria + milheto, feijao-de-porco + aveia-preta, feijao-de-porco + sorgo, feijao-de-porco + milheto, guandu-anao + aveia-preta, guandu-anao + sorgo, guandu-anao + milheto e testemunha). Adotou-se um arranjo fatorial 16 x 3 (quinze extratos de adubos verdes e testemunha x tres concentracoes), com tres repeticoes. Os extratos que proporcionam maior efeito nas variaveis estudadas sao os de feijao-de-porco e feijao-de-porco + aveia preta e a concentracao que melhor estima o efeito dos extratos de adubo verdes e 5%.
Return of the “age of dinoflagellates” in Monterey Bay: Drivers of dinoflagellate dominance examined using automated imaging flow cytometry and long‐term time series analysis

Phytoplankton biomass in Monterey Bay, California is typically dominated by diatoms, but it shifted to dinoflagellates twice in the past 18 years (2004–2007, 2017–2018), which was associated with increased harmful algal blooms. Located within the central California Current System (CCS), Monterey Bay is strongly influenced by cycles of upwelling‐favorable winds and their relaxation or reversal. Both dinoflagellate‐dominated periods were linked to a negative North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) and increased river discharge, but each had a different relationship with upwelling. To examine the connection between large‐scale and local forcings underlying floristic shifts in the phytoplankton assemblage, an Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) was deployed within the Monterey Bay upwelling shadow for a full year. A machine learning classifier differentiating IFCB images of the phytoplankton assemblage was developed. Despite anomalously strong upwelling in 2018, dinoflagellates comprised 57% of the annual phytoplankton‐specific biomass. During upwelling, dinoflagellates appear to have accumulated at convergent fronts, while during relaxation these frontal populations were transported to the nearshore where they seeded local blooms. Frequent upwelling‐relaxation cycles and local wind anomalies generated an unusually retentive circulation pattern in the upwelling shadow, producing a warm and stratified bloom incubator. Thus, local features and forcings (upwelling shadow, winds, river discharge) modified the effects of regional‐ and basin‐scale oceanographic variability (regional upwelling, NPGO), altering local phytoplankton patterns. As North Pacific decadal variability and CCS upwelling intensity increase under climate warming, dinoflagellates may become more common in some CCS regions, due to the enhancement or mitigation of large‐scale trends by local forcings.
Chemical and functional properties of green papaya skin submitted to dry in different temperatures and application in breads

Objetivou-se estudar o aproveitamento da casca do mamao verde, visando avaliar as propriedades quimicas e funcionais apos secagem em diferentes temperaturas, e avaliar a aceitabilidade sensorial de paes acrescidos de farinha da casca do mamao verde. Com a obtencao de farinha da casca do mamao verde (FCMV) avaliou-se as propriedades fisicas, quimicas e sensoriais em pao com adicao parcial de FCMV. Na avaliacao fisica, foram determinados os valores de massa, antes e apos o forneamento, altura e fator de expansao. Na avaliacao quimica foi determinada umidade, proteina, extrato etereo, fibras, atividade antioxidante, fenois, cinzas e cor. Na analise sensorial, 41 provadores, de ambos os sexos, realizaram o teste sensorial de escala hedonica de nove pontos. A aceitabilidade das amostras foi avaliada quanto aos atributos sensoriais, cor, sabor, consistencia e aspecto global. Os provadores avaliaram os paes e demonstraram maior aceitabilidade para aqueles que nao foram acrescidos de FCMV. Porem, estudos sao necessarios para avaliar o melhor nivel de inclusao que nao proporcione sabor amargo, visto que a FCMV agregaria valor do ponto de vista nutricional aos paes devido ao alto teor proteinas e fibras.
Predicting species distributions from small numbers of occurrence records: A test case using cryptic geckos in Madagascar

Aim: Techniques that predict species potential distributions by combining observed occurrence records with environmental variables show much potential for application across a range of biogeographical analyses. Some of the most promising applications relate to species for which occurrence records are scarce, due to cryptic habits, locally restricted distributions or low sampling effort. However, the minimum sample sizes required to yield useful predictions remain difficult to determine. Here we developed and tested a novel jackknife validation approach to assess the ability to predict species occurrence when fewer than 25 occurrence records are available. Location: Madagascar. Methods: Models were developed and evaluated for 13 species of secretive leaf-tailed geckos (Uroplatus spp.) that are endemic to Madagascar, for which available sample sizes range from 4 to 23 occurrence localities (at 1 km2 grid resolution). Predictions were based on 20 environmental data layers and were generated using two modelling approaches: a method based on the principle of maximum entropy (Maxent) and a genetic algorithm (GARP). Results: We found high success rates and statistical significance in jackknife tests with sample sizes as low as five when the Maxent model was applied. Results for GARP at very low sample sizes (less than c. 10) were less good. When sample sizes were experimentally reduced for those species with the most records, variability among predictions using different combinations of localities demonstrated that models were greatly influenced by exactly which observations were included. Main conclusions: We emphasize that models developed using this approach with small sample sizes should be interpreted as identifying regions that have similar environmental conditions to where the species is known to occur, and not as predicting actual limits to the range of a species. The jackknife validation approach proposed here enables assessment of the predictive ability of models built using very small sample sizes, although use of this test with larger sample sizes may lead to overoptimistic estimates of predictive power. Our analyses demonstrate that geographical predictions developed from small numbers of occurrence records may be of great value, for example in targeting field surveys to accelerate the discovery of unknown populations and species. © 2007 The Authors.
Antimicrobial effects of pomegranate peel extract on Lactobacillus plantarum and shelf life of Thousand Island dressing

Nowadays, consumers become interested to use the substitution of natural preservatives instead of chemical preservatives. It has been proven that pomegranate peel contains large amounts of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of ethanolic extract of pomegranate peel was evaluated on total microbial count, mold and yeast and Lactobacillus plantarum during 3 months storage of thousand islands dressing at 4°C. The treated sauce samples were containing different concentrations (0.05, 0.1 and 1%) of pomegranate peel extract and 0.07% sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate mixture (BS) as control. All samples were inoculated with bacterial suspension containing 105 cfu/mL of L. plantarum. MIC and MBC of pomegranate peel extract on L. plantarum were obtained 1 mg/mL. All concentrations of pomegranate peel extract significantly decreased total bacterial count (p 0.05). Adding 0.05% pomegranate peel extract did not cause undesirable sensory attributes. Pomegranate peel extract can increase the thousand islands dressing shelf life by its antimicrobial effects as a natural antimicrobial agent and preserving the probiotic properties of the product.
Effects of the Consortium of Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Micrococcus Spp on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crude Oil

The effect of the consortium of Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Micrococcus spp on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oil was carried out using standard microbiological methods. Spectrophotometer, gas chromatography and viable count which determined the optical density, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the total heterotrophic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were used for the study and analysis was for a period of three weeks at one week interval. The values of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon decreased from 419 mg/l to 0.06 mg/l while the values of the optical density and viable counts, respectively, increased from 0.018 to 0.740 and from 9.80 x 105 cfu/ml to 2.74 x 106 cfu/ml. This research concluded that the consortium of these bacteria can be used for the decontamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) polluted sites. Key words : Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micrococcus, Petroleum hydrocarbon, Biodegradation
Essential Oil Composition of Eryngium paludosum (Moore et Betche) P.W.Michael: An Endemic Species from Eastern Australia

Abstract The essential oil composition from the aerial parts of Eryngium paludosum (Moore et Betche) P.W. Michael, an endemic species from eastern Australia, has been analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty six compounds have been identified representing more than 90% of the total oil. The main constituents of the oil were found to be γ-terpinene (12.9%) and β-bisabolene (12.2%). Other representative compounds of the oil were identified as germacrene D (7.6%), myrcene (7.3%), β-caryophyllene (7.0%), limonene (6.0%) and α-humulene (5.1%). The sesquiterpene fraction (56.9%) was predominant in the oil of this species; most of these were hydrocarbons (52.9%). This is the first published study outlining the chemical composition of this Australian species.
Aquaponics production of catfish and pumpkin: Comparison with conventional production systems

Abstract Aquaponics is known to be a smart way of producing fish and crops simultaneously; however, there is a paucity of information about the extents of this system's efficiency over other conventional methods of food production. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the performance of a catfish–pumpkin aquaponics system in comparison with recirculatory and static aquaculture systems (for fish performance), as well as irrigated and nonirrigated systems (for pumpkin performance). Results obtained showed that the production of fish in the aquaponics system was 29% and 75% more efficient than recirculatory and static aquaculture systems, respectively. The survival of the fish was also significantly improved probably due to better water quality in the aquaponics system. With respect to pumpkin production, yield in the aquaponics system was about five times the performance in irrigated land and eleven times those in nonirrigated land. This study gives definitive evidence to support the efficiency of the aquaponics system over other conventional food production methods.
Natural Variation and Delineation of Clones of Populus tremuloides and P. grandidentata in Northern Lower Michigan

The American aspens, unlike most tree species, are normally able to initiate multi-stemmed clones (BARNES 1966), the larger ones having an appearance of groves. Throughout the range of the aspens the clonal habit is typical, although in dense stands the clonal structure often becomes obscure. While the clonal habit of aspens is basic in identifying natural clones, it is the amount and nature of intraand interclonal variation which provides the ultimate source of information needed to delineate them. Such information was used by ZAHNER and CRAWPORD (1965) and BERTENSHAW (1965) in investigating clonal structure related to site quality. The purposes of this paper are to describe, illustrate, and quantify the natural variation of morphological and phenological characteristics in local populations of trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides MICHAUX and bigtooth aspen, P. grandidentata MICHAUX in northern Lower Michigan and to show how variation within and between clones may be used to separate members of natinrally occurring clones.
Cancer risks and neutron RBE's from Hiroshima and Nagasaki

The new radiation dose estimates for Hiroshima and Nagasaki are here combined with epidemiologic data from the A-bomb survivors and examined radiobiologically for compatability with other human and experimental data. The new doses show certain improvements over the original T65 doses. However, they suggest for chronic granulocytic leukemia, total malignancies, and chromosome aberrations, at neutron doses of 1 rad, RBEs in excess of 100, higher than expected from other findings. This and other indications suggest that either there are unrecognized systematic problems with the various radiobiological data, or the new doses are deficient in neutrons for Hiroshima, by a factor of about five. If in fact there were actually some 5-fold more dose from neutrons at Hiroshima than estimated by the new calculations, the RBEs would agree well with laboratory results, and other inconsistencies would largely disappear. Cancer risks are estimated for neutrons from the new doses and are compared with those estimated from radiobiologically reconciled doses (the new doses adjusted by adding approximately 5-fold more neutrons). The latter estimates appear more reasonable. For low-LET radiation, cancer risk estimates are altered very little by the new dose estimates for Nagasaki.
Effects of Potassium on the Growth, Yield and Physico-chemical Properties of Three Garden Pea (Pisum sativum) Varieties

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh during November 2015 to March 2016 to find out the effects of potassium on the growth, yield and physico-chemical properties of three garden pea (Pisum sativum) varieties. The experiment comprise three Garden pea varieties viz. V1 = IPSA Motorshuti-3, V2 = Broad Bean Master Piece and V3 = BARI Motorshuti-1 and four levels of potassium viz. K0 (Control), K1 (25 kg ha -1 ), K2 (50 kg ha -1 ) and K3 and (75 kg ha -1 ), respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results of the experiment reviled that K nutrition and genotypic variation significantly (p < 0.05) determined the yield of the garden pea. Different levels of potassium had significant influences on Original Research Article . Article Akter et al.; AJAHR, 5(3): 22-31, 2020; Article no.AJAHR. 55548 23 almost all the parameters studied these three varieties. Maximum plant height (166.67 cm), branches plant -1 (7.00), pods plant -1 (39.00), sugar content (15.40%) was obtained from V1K2 (IPSA Motorshuti-3 with 50 kg K2O ha ) treatment. Whereas highest pod length (8.533 cm), pod breadth (9.47 mm), number of seeds pod -1 (8.67), green seed weight (305.00 g), Magnesium content, (0.29%) was obtained under the treatment V2K2 (Broad Bean Masterpiece with 50 kg K2O ha -1 ). The maximum green pod yield (12.78 t ha -1 ), calcium content (0. 20%), vitaminA (1.03 mg/kg), was obtained from V3K2 (BARI Motorshuti -1 with 50 kg K2O ha -1 ).
Prevalence of post mortem lesions recorded in the largest Italian rabbit slaughterhouse over a fifteen-years period (2003-2017)

The present research was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of gross lesions in condemned rabbit carcasses by analysing data recorded in a large Italian slaughterhouse. From 2003 until 2017, a total of 103 080 019 rabbits were processed: 101 722 673 were finishing rabbits and 1 357 346 were breeding females. A total of 742 397 carcasses were condemned due to lesions. Condemned carcasses from young rabbits (n=545 070) evidenced: 33.6% enteritis, 31.5% subcutaneous abscesses, 29.7% cachexia and 3.84% lung disease. Among breeding rabbits (n=197 327) there were 38.9% cachexia, followed by 35.8% uterine pathologies (breeding females), 14.9% subcutaneous abscesses, 5.42% ulcerative pododermatitis, 2.61% chronic nephritis and 2.47% lung disease. Regarding season-related lesions, for growing rabbits the total prevalence of lesions and diseases was the highest in winter (enteritis increased in winter, but subcutaneous abscesses were higher in summer). Rabbit does showed the highest prevalence of subcutaneous abscesses in summer and ulcerative pododermatitis in winter. From 2003 to 2017, the overall number of condemned carcasses doubled in both categories, with a sharp increase from 2012 till 2017. The prevalence of lesions among slaughtered rabbits differed between growing and breeding categories, which was attributable to different farming conditions, physiological status and slaughter age. Based on the above-mentioned findings, better management strategies at different stages of the rabbit production chain seem to be a necessary way to manage resulting waste and address possible economic concerns.
Detecting Banana Plantations in the Wet Tropics, Australia, Using Aerial Photography and U-Net

Bananas are the world’s most popular fruit and an important staple food source. Recent outbreaks of Panama TR4 disease are threatening the global banana industry, which is worth an estimated $8 billion. Current methods to map land uses are time- and resource-intensive and result in delays in the timely release of data. We have used existing land use mapping to train a U-Net neural network to detect banana plantations in the Wet Tropics of Queensland, Australia, using high-resolution aerial photography. Accuracy assessments, based on a stratified random sample of points, revealed the classification achieves a user’s accuracy of 98% and a producer’s accuracy of 96%. This is more accurate compared to existing (manual) methods, which achieved a user’s and producer’s accuracy of 86% and 92% respectively. Using a neural network is substantially more efficient than manual methods and can inform a more rapid respond to existing and new biosecurity threats. The method is robust and repeatable and has potential for mapping other commodities and land uses which is the focus of future work.
Biosafety of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from vegetables based on antimicrobial sensitivity and RAPD profiling.

This study was undertaken to characterize the antibiotic resistance and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from raw vegetable samples. A total of 46 isolates of V. parahaemolyticus recovered from raw vegetables samples and were confirmed by PCR were analyzed in this study. Most of the isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid (93.48%) and were the least resistant towards imipinem (4.35%). The MAR index results also demonstrated high individual and multiple resistances to antibiotics among the isolates. From the RAPD analysis, the size for RAPD fragments generated ranged from 250 bp to 1,500 bp, with most of the strains contained three major gene fragments of 350, 1,000 and 1,350 bp. The RAPD profiles revealed a high level of DNA sequence diversity within the isolates. Antibiotic resistance and RAPD proved to be effective tools in characterizing and differentiating the V. parahaemolyticus strains.