Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Hospital Length of Stay and Supportive Care Utilization Between Patients Treated with CPX-351 and 7+3 for Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes

Purpose CPX-351 is dual-drug liposomal encapsulation of daunorubicin and cytarabine at a fixed synergistic 1:5 molar ratio. This study determined current real-world use of CPX-351 versus conventional 7+3 (cytarabine+daunorubicin) therapy and evaluated hospital length of stay (LOS) and supportive care utilization in t-AML and AML-MRC. Patients and Methods This retrospective, observational study utilized the Premier Healthcare Database and included patients who were aged ≥18 years with t-AML or AML-MRC and treated with CPX-351 or 7+3 between August 1, 2017 and February 28, 2019. All patients treated with 7+3 were required to be eligible for CPX-351 based on its FDA-approved indication. Outcome variables were annualized and adjusted for patient, hospital, and clinical confounding factors. The primary outcome was inpatient LOS. Secondary outcomes included use of blood products and use of anti-infectives. Results The study included 195 qualifying patients treated with CPX-351 and 160 patients treated with 7+3 who were eligible for CPX-351. Approximately one-third of the patients treated with CPX-351 were administered therapy in a hospital-based outpatient setting, and all patients treated with 7+3 received it in the inpatient setting. The regression-adjusted annualized inpatient LOS was shorter with CPX-351 than 7+3 (mean of 183.7 vs 197.1 days, p<0.001). The difference in mean-adjusted LOS was most pronounced for t-AML, with a mean-adjusted LOS of 168.9 versus 192.5 days for CPX-351 versus 7+3, respectively (nominal p<0.001). Supportive care utilization, including the number of administrations of red blood cells, the number of administrations of platelets, and the number of days on anti-infectives, was similar between treatment groups. Conclusion CPX-351 was associated with a shorter inpatient LOS than 7+3. Supportive care use, including blood products and anti-infectives, was similar for CPX-351 and 7+3. These findings suggest CPX-351 conveys resource advantages over 7+3 in patients with newly diagnosed t-AML and AML-MRC.
Coexistence in ecological corridors: understanding tolerance of wolves in the Northwestern Apennines, Italy

ABSTRACT Human-wolf (Canis lupus) conservation conflicts in Europe have increased as wolf presence has expanded. Understanding how different stakeholders perceive coexistence, especially in locations identified as ecologically important for wolves is necessary to minimize conflict. We conducted a survey in an area of northwest Italy identified as a critical corridor linking separate, cross-boundary populations. The objective was to understand how stakeholder identities, social demographics, communication, and exposure influence the success of coexistence strategies. The study found conservationists and, significantly, hunters were most positive about wolves, while farmers were least tolerant, irrespective of exposure. Tolerance also correlated positively with higher levels of formal education and engagement with science-based knowledge. In contrast, less tolerant attitudes were influenced more by informal knowledge discourses and age. The article concludes that coexistence strategies need to be inclusive, reflexive and adapted to the specific circumstances of different stakeholder types.
Smart delivery of epirubicin to cancer cells using aptamer-modified ferritin nanoparticles

Abstract Epirubicin (Epi) is a chemotherapy agent which is commonly used in treatment of cancers. However, despite being efficient, the tendency to use this drug is declining mostly due to its myocardiopathy and drug-resistance of tumour cells. Such side effects could be prevented using targeted nanocarriers. This study aims to evaluate targeted delivery of Epi to colon cancer cells using ferritin nanoparticles (Ft NPs) and mucin 1 (MUC1) aptamer (Apt) and formation of Apt-Epi Ft NPs. In the current study, Apt-Epi Ft NPs were prepared. Then, physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, including size and zeta potential, morphology, drug loading, drug release from nanoparticles, drug uptake of cancer cells, cytotoxicity and in vivo results were collected. The results showed that the nanoparticles were synthesised with a mean size of 37.9 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 67%. The drug release from these nanoparticles was about 90% within 4 h in acidic medium. Also, targeted delivery of Epi enhanced its anticancer effects in both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, targeted delivery of Epi using Apt-modified Ft NPs improved in vitro and in vivo results which indicates that it could be useful as a successful drug delivery system against cancer cells.
Application of Hybrid Electrically Conductive Hydrogels Promotes Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) occurs frequently, and the prognosis is unsatisfactory. As the gold standard of treatment, autologous nerve grafting has several disadvantages, such as lack of donors and complications. The use of functional biomaterials to simulate the natural microenvironment of the nervous system and the combination of different biomaterials are considered to be encouraging alternative methods for effective tissue regeneration and functional restoration of injured nerves. Considering the inherent presence of an electric field in the nervous system, electrically conductive biomaterials have been used to promote nerve regeneration. Due to their singular physical properties, hydrogels can provide a three-dimensional hydrated network that can be integrated into diverse sizes and shapes and stimulate the natural functions of nerve tissue. Therefore, conductive hydrogels have become the most effective biological material to simulate human nervous tissue’s biological and electrical characteristics. The principal merits of conductive hydrogels include their physical properties and their electrical peculiarities sufficient to effectively transmit electrical signals to cells. This review summarizes the recent applications of conductive hydrogels to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration.
A Reliable Iterative Transform Method for Solving an Epidemic Model

The main purpose of the work is to apply a new method, so-called LTAM, which couples the Tamimi and Ansari iterative method (TAM) with the Laplace transform (LT). This method involves solving a problem of non-fatal disease spread in a society that is assumed to have a fixed size during the epidemic period. We apply the method to give an approximate analytic solution to the nonlinear system of the intended model. Moreover, the absolute error resulting from the numerical solutions and the ten iterations of LTAM approximations of the epidemic model, along with the maximum error remainder, were calculated by using MATHEMATICA® 11.3 program to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.
CT perfusion imaging can detect residual lung tumor early after radiofrequency ablation: a preliminary animal study on both tumoral and peri-tumoral region assessment

Background Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure to treat lung cancer. Timely evaluation on residual lung tumor after RFA is crucial to the prognosis, hence, our objective is to assess CT perfusion (CTP) on detection of residual lung tumor early after RFA. Methods CTP imaging was performed in 24 lung VX2 tumor models 1 day before and within 1 hour after RFA. CTP maps with dual-input (n=24) and single-input [n=13, with predominant ground glass opacity (GGO) after RFA] models were generated using the maximal slope method. Regions of interest were independently placed on the maximal cross-sectional tumor before and after RFA and on GGO after RFA by two thoracic radiologists. The bronchial flow (BF), pulmonary flow (PF) and perfusion index (PI) were compared between pre-RFA and post-RFA images. The parameters (BF, PF and PI of tumor; PF of GGO) of the complete and incomplete RFA groups were compared based on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (NADH) and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and were correlated with the microvascular density (MVD). Results The BF and PF decreased after RFA (all P values <0.03). The decrease in BF and PF (ΔBF and ΔPF) in the complete RFA group was higher (P=0.01; 0.02). The areas under the curve (AUC) of ΔBF and ΔPF at 14.85 and 17.25 mL/min/100 mL in determination of tumor with complete ablation were 0.80 and 0.78, respectively. ΔBF was positively correlated with MVD (P=0.046, r=0.468). PF of GGO with incomplete RFA was higher (P=0.001). The AUC of PF ≤29.4 mL/min/100 mL in determination of tumor with complete ablation was 0.99. Conclusions CTP could detect residual lung tumor early after RFA in a rabbit model, which might provide a clinical solution to early treatment assessment after RFA.
Risks of Vattenfall's German Lignite Mining and Power Operations: Technical, Economic, and Legal Considerations; Policy Report on Behalf of Greenpeace Germany

Der staatliche Energiekonzern Vattenfall sowie sein Eigentumer, der schwedische Staat, bereiten derzeit die Anpassung der Unternehmensstruktur an die Nachhaltigkeitsziele des Konzerns sowie die anspruchsvollen energie- und klimapolitischen Ziele Schwedens vor, u.a. in Bezug auf den Einsatz erneuerbarer Energietrager und die weitgehende Dekarbonisierung des Energiesystems. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt das kontinentale und insbesondere das deutsche Geschaft ein Problem dar: Wahrend der skandinavische Teil der Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie weitgehend entspricht, ist das deutsche Braunkohlengeschaft weder in Bezug auf den CO2-Aussos noch in Bezug auf Erneuerbarenziele nachhaltig. Hier besteht dringender Handlungsbedarf fur die Konzernleitung. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die technischen, wirtschaftlichen und rechtlichen Risiken des deutschen Braunkohlegeschafts von Vattenfall im Kontext der energie- und klimapolitischen Rahmenbedingungen in Schweden und Deutschland sowie insbesondere in der Lausitz. Die Darstellung erlaubt eine Einschatzung der Handlungsoptionen, die Vattenfall in der gegenwartigen Situation besitzt. Die Arbeit baut auf einer Vielzahl fruherer Gutachten und Forschungsberichten des DIW Berlin zur Zukunft der Braunkohle im Rahmen der Energiewende auf, s. Oei, et al. (2014a). [. ]
Prevalence of hormonal contraceptive use and reported side effects of the menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptive use in powerlifting and rugby

ABSTRACT Objectives The prevalence of hormonal contraceptive (HC) use and the associated symptomology of use or nonuse are under-studied in athletic populations, and in particular, in strength and collision sports. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hormonal contraceptive use and reported side effects of the menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptive use in powerlifters and rugby players. Methods Competitive female powerlifters and rugby players (aged ≥18 y), representing a strength and a collision sport respectively, completed an anonymous online questionnaire for the purpose of assessing self-reported prevalence of HC use, and symptoms of the menstrual cycle and HC use. Athletes were categorized by sport (powerlifters, n = 149; rugby players, n = 135) in order to conduct a stratified analysis. For open-ended questions, a content analysis was conducted to categorize responses, and frequency analyses were performed. Results Current HC use was reported by 51.1% of athletes, with similar prevalence for the two sports (powerlifting, 48.3% vs. rugby, 54.1%, P = 0.34). Side effects of the menstrual cycle were reported in 83.5% of non-HC users, with the most common being unspecified cramping (42.4%), headache/migraine (24.5%), and fatigue (24.5%). Side effects were reported in 40.0% of HC users, with the most common being mood changes (17.9%), stomach pain (8.3%) and headaches/migraines (6.9%). Conclusion A large proportion of HC users and nonusers in this study experience negative side effects of HC use and the menstrual cycle, respectively. The symptoms experienced by both groups are wide-ranging, with a high degree of variation between individuals. The negative side-effects experienced by HC users and nonusers may have an influence on athletic performance, and this requires future investigation.
Risk of Revision Surgery and Manipulation Under Anesthesia in Patients With Cannabis Use Disorder Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a very common orthopedic procedure and with legalization of cannabis in many states, orthopedic surgeons are frequently encountering patients undergoing TKA with preoperative cannabis use disorder. There is conflicting and limited evidence on the impact of preoperative cannabis use and postoperative outcome. Methods and materials: In this study we retrospectively reviewed PearlDiver insurance database and analyzed the characteristics of the cannabis use in TKA patients and the impact of preoperative diagnosis of cannabis use disorder on postoperative risk of manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) within one year and revision risk within two years. We compared our results to a matched sample of opioid use patients and standard TKA patients. Result: Our study shows that cannabis use disorder was found in less than 1% of the patients undergoing total knee replacement. We identified 278 patients with cannabis use disorder undergoing TKA. More than 90% of the patients are between 40 to 69 years. There was no statistically significant gender difference noted with 130 males and 148 females. Matching sample analysis showed that the risk of MUA and risk of revision in these cannabis use patients are comparable to standard knee replacement patients and in TKA patients taking preoperative opioids. Conclusion: Retrospective database review failed to identify any increased risk of MUA or two-year revision in cannabis use TKA patients.
study of energy harvesting from traffic-induced bridge vibrations

This communication is concerned with energy harvesting of traffic-induced vibrations in bridges. In situ measurements of vibrations in a pre-stressed concrete bridge are presented and analyzed. Using those results, a prototype of cantilever piezoelectric harvester was designed, tested, and modeled. Even though the considered bridge vibrations are characterized by small amplitude and a low frequency (i.e. below 15 Hz), it is shown that mean power of the order of 0.03 mW can be produced, with a controlled voltage between 1.8 and 3.6 V. A simple theoretical model is proposed for predicting the delivered power in terms of traffic intensity. That model shows good agreement with the experimental results and leads to a simple but effective design rule for piezoelectric harvesters to be used on bridges.
An Acrylamide-degrading Bacterial Consortium Isolated from Volcanic Soi

In soil, polyacrylamide is a key source of acrylamide because it slowly decomposes into acrylamide. There has been a modest but steady rise in worldwide interest in microbe-mediated acrylamide decomposition as a bioremediation method. A bacterial consortium isolated from the volcanic soil of Mount Marapi, West Sumatra, Indonesia, was able to thrive on acrylamide in this study. Acrylamide-degrading bacteria grew best in the presence of 1 %(w/v) glucose with acrylamide as the sole nitrogen source. Optimum growth occurs in between 300 and 500 mg/L of acrylamide, pH between 6.5 and 8.0, and temperatures between 30 and 35 °C. The consortium can also grow on acetamide as the sole nitrogen source. Toxic heavy metals, such as mercury, silver and copper slowed down the growth of this consortium on acrylamide. This is the first report of an acrylamide-degrading consortium isolated from volcanic soils.
Evaluation of Corneal Endothelium after Myopic Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) with Accelerated Cross-Linking (CXL) in Diabetic Patients

To study the effect of LASIK with accelerated CXL on corneal endothelium in myopic diabetic patients. A prospective comparative interventional case series study on 120 eyes of 60 myopic patients treated with LASIK with accelerated CXL. They were divided into two groups; group A included 60 eyes of diabetic patients, group B included 60 eyes of non-diabetic patients. Corneal endothelium was evaluated by specular microscope preoperatively and after 3 and 6 months postoperatively. The endothelial cells density (ECD) showed statistically significant changes after 3 and 6 months postoperatively (p-value <0.001) in group A while group B showed statistically significant changes after 3 months without significant change after 6 months (p-value= 0.103), both groups had improved to near preoperative levels, with no significant differences between them at the end of 6 months follow-up (p-value = 0.219). Regarding pleomorphism, there was a significant change in group A during 6 months follow-up (p-value <0.001) with no significant change in group B (p-value= 0.884), and in comparing both groups, there was a significant change at the end of 6 months follow-up (p-value <0.001). Regarding polymegathism, there was a significant change in group A during 6 months follow-up (p-value <0.001) with no significant change in group B after 3 (p-value= 0.178) and 6 (p-value= 0.866) months follow-up, and in comparing both groups, there was a significant change at the end of 6 months follow-up (p-value <0.001). LASIK with accelerated CXL is safe on corneal endothelium in diabetic myopic patients but needs to follow up for a long period.
VISTA, PDL-L1, and BRAF—A Review of New and Old Markers in the Prognosis of Melanoma

Melanoma is currently known as one of the most aggressive malignant tumors. The prognostic factors and particularities of this neoplasm are a persistent hot topic in the medical field. This review has multiple purposes. First, we aim to summarize the known data regarding the histological and immunohistochemical appearance of this versatile tumor and to look further into the analysis of several widely used prognostic markers, such as B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase BRAF. The second purpose is to analyze the data on the new prognostic markers, V-domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T cell Activation (VISTA) and Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). VISTA is a novel target that is considered to be highly important in determining the invasive potential and treatment response of a melanoma, and there are currently only a limited number of studies describing its role. PD-L1 is a marker with whose importance has been revealed in multiple types of malignancies, but its exact role regarding melanoma remains under investigation. In conclusion, the gathered data highlights the importance of correlations between these markers toward providing patients with a better outcome.
A realist evaluation of weighted modalities as an alternative to pro re nata medication for mental health inpatients.

Implementing psychosocial approaches into mental health inpatient settings continues to be challenging. This is despite mental health policies prioritizing trauma-informed and recovery-orientated care approaches. This study reports on an interdisciplinary project that implemented and examined the uptake of weighted modalities in a psychiatric inpatient rehabilitation setting. While over-reliance on pro re nata (PRN) medication in these settings has been reported, weighted modalities are a sensory approach that can be self-initiated by consumers as an alternative to use of PRN to manage distress and agitation. A mixed-methods realist approach was used to determine what works, for whom, and in what circumstances weighted modalities were offered by clinicians and used by consumers. Additionally, we were interested in determining whether there was an associated change in PRN use during the trial. Data included in-depth interviews with consumers (n = 12) and clinicians (n = 11), and extraction of PRN medication use preceding, throughout, and following implementation. Statistical analysis revealed a significant increase in PRN rates in the first 3 months of implementation (mean difference from baseline = 29.5, P = 0.047) but a significant decrease in the second three-month period following implementation (mean difference from baseline = -30.7, P = 0.036). Qualitative findings highlighted the key components of successful implementation as being environmental restructuring (availability/accessibility and visibility of weighted modalities) and social influences. Strategies to enhance these components are discussed.
A Prospective Study of Growth Rate, Disease Incidence, and Mortality in Kittens Less than 9 Weeks of Age in Shelter and Foster Care

ABSTRACT A prospective study was designed to (a) investigate the rate of daily weight gain among kittens less than 9 weeks old presented to an animal shelter, (b) identify factors (e.g., sex, clinical signs of disease, diet, and medical treatment) that affect daily weight gain, and (c) investigate the mortality of study kittens. The study of 203 kittens was conducted at a managed admission, no-kill animal shelter in upstate New York, USA, from April 2014 through October 2014. Body weight was measured daily from day of intake to adoption or 12 weeks of age. Fecal score, clinical signs of disease, food type, and medical treatments were recorded daily. Lethargy and being female were significantly associated with lower daily weight gain. Despite the challenges of shelter and foster care, the average daily weight gain for study kitten was higher than that reported in other settings such as catteries and laboratories. Five study kittens (2.5%) died or were euthanized. Daily monitoring systems provide opportunities for interventions, increased live outcomes, and improved welfare for kittens in shelter and foster care.
Deep-Learning Segmentation of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Using Four-Chamber Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) overload remains often overlooked due to tedious manual contouring in images. Automated four-chamber EAT area quantification was proposed, leveraging deep-learning segmentation using multi-frame fully convolutional networks (FCN). The investigation involved 100 subjects—comprising healthy, obese, and diabetic patients—who underwent 3T cardiac cine MRI, optimized U-Net and FCN (noted FCNB) were trained on three consecutive cine frames for segmentation of central frame using dice loss. Networks were trained using 4-fold cross-validation (n = 80) and evaluated on an independent dataset (n = 20). Segmentation performances were compared to inter-intra observer bias with dice (DSC) and relative surface error (RSE). Both systole and diastole four-chamber area were correlated with total EAT volume (r = 0.77 and 0.74 respectively). Networks’ performances were equivalent to inter-observers’ bias (EAT: DSCInter = 0.76, DSCU-Net = 0.77, DSCFCNB = 0.76). U-net outperformed (p < 0.0001) FCNB on all metrics. Eventually, proposed multi-frame U-Net provided automated EAT area quantification with a 14.2% precision for the clinically relevant upper three quarters of EAT area range, scaling patients’ risk of EAT overload with 70% accuracy. Exploiting multi-frame U-Net in standard cine provided automated EAT quantification over a wide range of EAT quantities. The method is made available to the community through a FSLeyes plugin.