Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of submarine groundwater discharge in the Il‐Gwang watershed using water budget analysis and 222Rn mass balance

Submarine groundwater discharges (SGD) were investigated in a marine watershed in south‐eastern Korea using water budget analysis and a 222Rn mass balance model. Multi‐layered TOPMODEL added hydrological assumption was used to estimate groundwater components in the water budget analysis. Field observations of soil moisture, rainfall, runoff and groundwater fluctuations were used for calibration and validation of the hydrologic model. Based on observed hydrological data and terrain analyses, parameters for the hydrologic model were delineated and used to describe several hydrologic responses in the watershed. SGD estimations by 222Rn mass balance method were also performed at Il‐Gwang bay in July, 2010, and May, June, July and Nov. 2011. The estimated groundwater through hydrologic modeling and water balance analysis was 1.3x106 m3/year, which rapidly increased during typhoon season due to heavy rainfall and permeable geologic structure. The estimated groundwater was approximately 3.7–27.1% of SGD as evaluated by 222Rn mass balance method ranges 3.44 and 17.45 m3m−2year−1. Even though SGD is predominantly influenced by tide fluctuation, the head gradient (difference) from hydrologic processes associated with heavy rainfalls can also have extra significant influences. Comprehensive understanding of SGD evaluation can be improved through a simultaneous application of both these approaches. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationship Between Cognitive Functions and Agility Performance in Elite Young Male Soccer Players

Abstract Matlák, J, Fridvalszki, M, Kóródi, V, Szamosszegi, G, Pólyán, E, Kovács, B, Kolozs, B, Langmár, G, and Rácz, L. Relationship between cognitive functions and agility performance in elite, young, male soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 116–122, 2024—The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between agility performance and cognitive functions measured under laboratory conditions among elite young soccer players. Twenty-five, elite, young, male soccer players (12.3 ± 0.4 years, 155.4 ± 7.6 cm, 42.6 ± 6.9 kg) completed a battery of field tests, including 5-, 10-, 20-m sprints, change of direction speed (CODS), standing long jump, and an agility test based on a human stimulus. Subjects also completed choice reaction (RT, S3) and reactive stress tolerance (DT, S1) tests on the Vienna Test System. There was a moderate significant relationship (p < 0.05) found between mean reaction time and mean motor time during the choice reaction task and decision time in the agility test. Decision time also showed a large significant correlation (p < 0.05) with total time in the agility test. No significant correlation was found between total time in the agility test and variables measured during RT and DT tests. No significant correlations were found between agility test results and results from straight line sprints, CODS, and standing long jump tests. The results of this study suggest that choice reaction time is related to decision-making speed during the agility task used in this study and can have an indirect effect on agility performance in elite young soccer players. Further studies assessing the relationship between different cognitive functions and agility performance in different sports and age categories could help in the identification of determinant cognitive functions in perceptual and decision-making factors of agility.
Seismic Signals Associated with Landslides and with a Tsunami at Stromboli Volcano, Italy

In this article, we analyze the seismic signals produced by two landslides that occurred at the Stromboli volcano on 30 December 2002, recorded by both broadband and short-period seismic stations located in the 2.5-22-km distance range from the source. For both landslides, the characteristics of the low-frequency seismograms indicate a complex time history in the release of seismic energy. The first landslide occurred over the submerged part of the northwest sector of the volcano and had associated a large-amplitude, low-frequency pulse representative of the abrupt detachment of a large mass. Lower amplitude phases in the following 3 minutes possibly indicate minor detachment events. The highest amplitude, low-frequency signals are well described by a single-force source model. The second mass-failure episode is also characterized by a complex source and can be interpreted as a multiple event, with a less abrupt onset and at least four detachments occurring during 4-5 minutes and producing low-frequency signals. Synthetic seismograms generated by a shallow single force located in the submerged area of Sciara del Fuoco and directed upslope, fit well the first low-frequency seismic pulse recorded at Stromboli and Panarea by three-component stations. From this simulation, we estimated the force exerted by the first mass failure. The estimate of the volume through two different procedures, gives values in the range of 1.0-1.5 million m3 and about 14 million m3, respectively. The landslides, which involved both the submarine and the subaerial northwest flank of the volcano, produced a tsunami that struck the coast of Stromboli Island and in a few minutes reached the other islands of the Aeolian Archipelago. Three broadband seismic stations installed on land about 100 m from the coastline at Panarea Island, located 20 km southwest of Stromboli, recorded very long period seismic signals produced by the tsunami waves. Analysis of these signals gives invaluable information on the spectral content and propagation properties of tsunami waves and on their interaction with the ground at a short distance from the coast. Synthetic tsunami waves, obtained by a landslide source model and taking into account the bathymetry of the sea surrounding Stromboli and Panarea Islands, fit the observed phenomena and the experimental data very well. Manuscript received 19 November 2003.
Gender diversity in Italian listed companies: Female directors’ roles and corporate performance

The study examines gender diversity in a sample of Italian listed companies. Specifically, we study the effect of the percentage and the role of women directors in the boardroom in affecting firm performance. Using data from Italian listed firms during the period 2006–2015, the aim is to show the effect arising from the introduction of Italian Law 120/2011, which forces the listed companies to reserve a mandatory quota for female directors on the board. The results show that increasing the percentage of female directors leads to superior financial performance. However, focusing on the roles of female directors, we observe that the percentage of executive female directors is not correlated with firm performance. Diversely, companies with a higher percentage of independent female directors are associated with better firm performance.
Pn velocity anisotropy in southern California

We analyze P_n propagation as a function of azimuth across a 28-station, 150-km aperture subarray of the SCARLET network centered near the central Transverse Ranges, California. We selected signals from 81 earthquakes and explosions with epicentral distances ranging from 150 to 400 km, covering all azimuths except a 40° gap from the southwest and a lesser gap from the northeast direction. For each source the apparent velocity of P_n was determined using a one-norm measure of misfit. The apparent P_n velocity does not show any systematic variation with epicentral distance but exhibits a strong azimuthal dependence. Our preferred interpretation calls for a slightly dipping (2° to N40W) planar moho, with 3 to 4 per cent anisotropy of subcrustal material. Transverse isotropy with a nearly horizontal symmetry axis is sufficient to explain the data; the direction of sagittal symmetry is N50W. The isotropic velocity of P_n is 7.8 km/sec. In contrast, a higher (8.1 km/sec) P_n velocity is found in the Mojave block, with no indication of anisotropy. These observations are consistent with a subcrustal model of the Pacific-North America plate boundary where ductile flow is characterized by simple shear in a vertical plane with strike parallel to the direction of relative plate motion.
DISCOVERY OF THE YELLOW-BELLIED WEASEL MUSTELA KATHIAH IN THAILAND

The first records of Yellow-bellied Weasel Mustela kathiah from Thailand are from sites in the country’s north that are ecologically similar to where the species has been recorded in the neighbouring countries Lao PDR and Myanmar. The first record came from Doi Phahompok National Park, Chiang Mai Province. The dead animal, later deposited at the Thailand Natural History Museum, was misidentified as Least Weasel Mustela nivalis (never otherwise claimed for Thailand) and has been included under that name in some publications on mammals of Thailand. Two road-killed Yellow-bellied Weasels (one preserved) and one sighting come from Doi Inthanon National Park, Chiang Mai Province. A live-captured weasel and several sightings, all by day, were documented in Taksin Maharaj National Park, Tak Province. One sighting record from Thung Yai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary, Kanchanaburi Province, is south of the other records presented here. Most records came from hill evergreen forest and/or disturbed habitats at elevations above 1,400 m asl, but the Thung Yai sighting was in dry evergreen forest at 770 m asl. The scarcity of Thai records of Yellow-bellied Weasel does not necessarily indicate a genuine national rarity; it may simply have been overlooked by conventional survey methods. Least Weasel should be deleted from the list of mammals of Thailand.
Strategic Management Practices on Performance of Family-Owned Firms in the Manufacturing Sector in Kenya

Purpose: Majority of the small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) in Kenya are conventionally family businesses owing to their initial source of capital, ownership and day-to-day operations. Kenya’s economy represents a feudal-like family economy dominated by a few well-capitalized family-owned units at both the top and mid-tier. Strategic management practices are usually geared towards increasing managerial efficiency and effectiveness so as to increase the current and future operations. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of strategic management practices on the performance of family-owned manufacturing firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study included: environmental scanning, strategy formulation, strategy implementation and strategy evaluation and monitoring. Methodology: The study adopted descriptive research design using purposive sampling strategy targeting 4 heads of departments per firm from 20 firms yielding a total of 80 respondents. Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data. Profitability ratio was collected using a secondary data collection sheet. Primary data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Data was analyzed both descriptively as well as inferentially using and presented using statistical distribution tables. Findings: The results established that environmental scanning, strategy formulation, strategy implementation and strategy evaluation and monitoring positively and significantly affect the organizational performance of family-owned manufacturing firms. The results hence indicate that increasing each of the variable with one-unit results to increase in organizational performance of these firms with their respective beta values. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on the following theories: agency theory, transaction cost theory, transformational and stewardship theories. The study recommends that the family-owned manufacturing firms operating in Nairobi City County, Kenya to enhance their environmental scanning, strategy formulation, strategy implementation and strategy evaluation and monitoring practices since the practices positively and significantly affects organizational performance.
Molecular characterisation and antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolated from seafood

The present study made an attempt to investigate the occurrence of pathogenic Escherichia coli in seafood, its antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the biofilm forming capacity. Total of 43 seafood samples collected from ten commercial markets of Kochi was screened for the presence of pathogenic E. coli. The PCR results revealed that out of 21 isolates screened, only one isolate from fish sample showed positive for rfb E gene of Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates revealed that 90% of them were multidrug resistant to more than 5 antibiotics of four structurally different classes. The MAR index of all the isolates was found between 0.2 and 0.5. Out of the 15 moderate biofilm forming E. coli obtained, 2 of them exhibited maximum multidrug resistance to 8 antibiotics of six different classes whereas remaining 13 isolates showed multidrug resistance to 5 antibiotics. Hence, this study revealed the emergence of antibiotic resistance in biofilm forming E. coli in seafood from Kochi markets, which may pose future threat to develop control strategies in the fish processing industry and also pose significant treatment challenge to physicians. Keywords: Biofilm, Multidrug resistance, Pathogenic E. coli, Seafood
AVAILABILITY OF SOIL WATER IN THE INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF PIGEON PEA CULTIVATED IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT

The pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) is an erect legume used for various purposes, such as improving plant and soil reclamation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the development of pigeon pea cv. IAPAR 43 Arata subjected to different soil water availabilities. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with six soil water availabilities (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 % of the maximum capacity of water retention in the soil) and six replications. Soil moisture at field capacity was 0.24 cm 3 cm -3 . Plastic pots were used with 5.0 dm 3 of capacity and each contained three plants. Soil moisture was maintained gravimetrically. The parameters analyzed were soil pH, SPAD reading, number of leaves and dry weight of leaves, stems and roots. The results were submitted to analysis of variance with regression testing considering 5.0 % of probability and all were fitted to quadratic regression model. The higher results for soil pH and SPAD readings were observed in 80 and 31.78 % water availability, respectively. The results that offered the highest number of leaves and dry weight of leaves, stems and root were between 51.82 and 59.02 % of the maximum soil water retention capacity. The pigeon pea cv. IAPAR 43 Arata is sensitive to drought and also to saturated soil conditions, where the best water availability for this crop is in the range from 51.82 to 59.02 %.
Theory and practice of constructive approaches in mathematics learning

The purpose of this study is to examine the theory and practice of constructivism in learning mathematics. This research is qualitative research using library research methods. Data was obtained by collecting various literature sources such as books, journals, and online research articles that are appropriate to the research problem. Data analysis in this study was carried out by content analysis. The research results show that teachers need to give students the freedom to experiment and provide relevant contexts for their theory development. In practice, teachers must consider that each student is unique and different in the way they understand and construct their knowledge. Therefore, teachers need to facilitate the learning process by considering the individual differences of students, ensuring that they have useful experiences and gain a deep understanding of the topics being taught.
To Assess The Knowledge And Perceptions Regarding Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) During The First Surge Among Healthcare Workers Of Banke District, Nepal

Background: Human Coronaviruses (HCoVs), a large family of single-stranded RNA viruses in humans causes mainly respiratory tract infections. The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 has emerged as pandemic causing severe public health issue of international concern. This study aims to assess the knowledge and perception regarding novel coronavirus (COVID-19) during first wave of pandemic among healthcare workers working at various Health care institutions. Method: This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 174 health care workers of Banke district, Nepal between May-July 2020 during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic using an online self-administered questionnaire. A 35-item self-administered survey instrument was developed using WHO course materials on emerging respiratory viruses, including COVID-19, and covered the domains of HCWs characteristics, knowledge, and perceptions of HCWs related to COVID-19. Descriptive statistics were reported as proportion and frequencies. Bivariate analysis was performed using chi-square test to assess the association of level of knowledge, and perception about COVID-19 with participants’ characteristics. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All the statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software, version 23. Findings: Most of the participants (94.8%) had known about the virus from news (70.1%) and social media (68.4%). Among them only 36.2% participants had the opportunities to attend lectures, discussions, and training about the virus COVID-19. Overall, 55.7%, and 52.9% of the HCWs had adequate knowledge, and positive perception about COVID-19, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed no significant association of knowledge regarding COVID-19 among health care worker with participants characteristics whereas, the variables such as gender, occupation, working department showed significant association of perception regarding COVID-19 among health care worker. Conclusion: This study revealed lower level of knowledge and positive perception regarding COVID-19 and infection control measures among HCWs. There is a need of adequate training to enhance the knowledge and perception about covid-19 and safety measures to the HCWs.
Similarity and scale in catchment storm response

Until recently, very little progress had been made in understanding the relationship between small-scale variability of topography, soil, and rainfalls and the storm response seen at the catchment scale. The work reviewed here represents the first attempt at a systematic theoretical framework for such understanding in the context of surface runoff generation by different processes. The parameterization of hydrological processes over a range of scales is examined, and the concept of the “representative elementary area” (REA) is introduced. The REA is a fundamental scale for catchment modeling at which continuum assumptions can be applied for the spatially variable controls and parameters, and spatial patterns no longer have to be considered explicitly. The investigation of scale leads into the concept of hydrologic similarity in which the effects of the environmental controls on runoff generation and flood frequency response be investigated independently of catchment scale. The paper reviews the authors' initial results and hopefully will motivate others to also investigate the issues of hydrologic scale and similarity.
A teacher strategic mindset predicts efficacious and effective teaching

Abstract Efficacious, effective teaching markedly impacts students’ learning and academic achievement. How can we motivate teachers to feel efficacious, and hence teach effectively, amidst challenges? Our research introduced and tested the role of a ‘teacher strategic mindset’—an orientation towards construing teaching challenges as opportunities to step back and consider new, potentially more effective strategies. Teachers who had this strategic mindset felt more efficacious, and in turn, were more likely to report engaging in self-regulated behaviours and metacognition (Study 1). Moreover, instilling this teacher strategic mindset through a brief, online intervention causally increased teachers’ reported efficacy, and their intentions to engage in self-regulated behaviours and metacognition—specifically among those who had a growth mindset (Study 2). Beyond subject matter knowledge and pedagogical skills, a teacher strategic mindset has practical value in motivating efficacious and thus effective teaching.
Local versus Regional Contributions to PM10 Levels in the Western Mediterranean

In this study, PM 10 daily samples were collected every day during approximately one month in winter and one month in summer, 2019. Sampling was performed simultaneously at two different locations: an urban traffic site ( ~ 80 m a.s.l.) and a regional background station ( ~ 1500 m a.s.l.) in the western Mediterranean. The objective of this work was to investigate PM 10 sources at both sites in order to determine regional and urban contributions to aerosol levels. Seven factors were obtained at both sites using Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF): Saharan dust , Aged sea salt , Ammonium sulfate , Nitrate , Road traffic , Local dust and Fresh sea salt . At the urban site, the contribution of vehicle related sources ( Road traffic , Nitrate and Local dust ) was significantly higher in winter ( ~ 80%) than in summer ( ~ 60%). The average contribution of Saharan dust to PM 10 levels was much larger at the mountain site (33%) than at the urban location (9%), due to the absence of significant anthropogenic emission sources in the vicinity of the regional background sampling station.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT AND RELATED FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH OSTOMY

Background: Ostomy has become a common therapy for treating gastrointestinal diseases such as colorectal cancer. Patients with ostomy experience many problems including appearance change, uncontrolled discharge and odour, sexual dysfunction, decreased social functioning, and difficulties taking care of themselves. Because of these problems, many patients with ostomies feel anxious, unconfident and afraid to participate in social activities. However, previous studies investigating psychological adjustment in patients with ostomies are scarce. Objectives: This study aimed to survey the level of psychological adjustment and to determine factors associated with the level of psychological adjustment in patients with ostomies. Materials and Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 77 patients with ostomies at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. The Ostomy Adjustment Inventory-23 (OAI-23) scale was used to interview patients. Results: 61% of patients were male; the mean age of patients was 59.2 ± 14.3 years old, the majority of the Kinh ethnic group (96.1%); 50.6% of participants had a secondary or high school level and 43% of patients had a permanent ostomy. The psychological adjustment score was 40.4 ± 9.8 with 52% of patients assigned to a moderate level of psychological adjustment and 48% assigned to a low level of psychological adjustment. There was a relationship between psychological adjustment and gender (p=0.0001), duration of ostomy (p=0.003) and complication (p<0.001). Patients who received all support related to ostomy care had a higher level of psychological adjustment (p=0.0004). There were no significant differences in psychological adjustment scores among patients with different age groups, residences, ethnicities, marital statuses, education levels, economic statuses, type of surgery, and comorbidities. Conclusions: Patients with ostomy had a moderate level of psychological adjustment. The results indicated a need for supporting programs for patients with ostomies so that they can have better mental health. This can help patients to have optimal treatment and quality of life.