Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Population Sizes of Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian Shore Crab) and Resident Crab Species in Southeastern New England (2010–2016)

Abstract The invasion of Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian Shore Crab) has been of concern in northeastern North America since the late 1980s. A relatively long-term record (1998–2011) of density estimates in southern New England showed displacement of resident crab species at 3 locations in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. In 2016, I visited the same locations to estimate current crab densities. The springtime Asian Shore Crab density decreased at a coastal location, but increased at an estuarine location to >300 crabs/m2. Resident crabs Carcinus maenas (European Green Crab) and Mud Crabs in the family Panopeidae increased in abundance at all 3 locations.
AN-PEP, Proline-Specific Endopeptidase, Degrades All Known Immunostimulatory Gluten Peptides in Beer Made from Barley Malt

The haze-forming peptides and proteins present in beer mainly originate from the grains used. Such grains, typically barley and wheat, also incorporate gluten. Although partially hydrolyzed during brewing, glutencontaining protein material remains present in the final beers. Glutensensitive people might therefore not be able to consume beer without an adverse response. AN-PEP, the proline-specific peptidase in Brewers Clarex, is commercially applied to selectively degrade proline-rich, haze-forming peptides and proteins during beer fermentation. The unusually high percentage of proline in known celiac-related gluten epitopes suggests that they form ideal substrates for AN-PEP as well. We confirmed that in beers prepared with AN-PEP, gluten levels were well below 20 mg/kg based on the established competitive R5 ELISA method. We used a sensitive LC-MS/MS method developed in-house to identify the peptides. Only in beers brewed through a conventional process could we find epitope-containing peptides, even in beers that contained less than 20 mg/kg of gluten based on the ELISA. So even though the MS method is qualitative and not quantitative, it provided a more detailed view of the fate of gluten during brewing. Specifically, these data indicate that AN-PEP is able to degrade all known immunogenic gluten epitopes in beer. We conclude that apart from its current application as a beer stabilizer, AN-PEP has the additional benefit of exhaustive degradation of all potentially problematic gluten epitopes.
Genome-wide association study of 1 million people identifies 111 loci for atrial fibrillation

To understand the genetic variation underlying atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of > 1 million people, including 60,620 AF cases and 970,216 controls. We identified 163 independent risk variants at 111 loci and prioritized 165 candidate genes likely to be involved in AF. Many of the identified risk variants fall near genes where more deleterious mutations have been reported to cause serious heart defects in humans or mice (MYH6, NKX2-5, PITX2, TBC1D32, TBX5),1,2 or near genes important for striated muscle function and integrity (e.g. MYH7, PKP2, SSPN, SGCA). Experiments in rabbits with heart failure and left atrial dilation identified a heterogeneous distributed molecular switch from MYH6 to MYH7 in the left atrium, which resulted in contractile and functional heterogeneity and may predispose to initiation and maintenance of atrial arrhythmia.
Weather conditions and date influence male Sage Grouse attendance rates at leks

ALESHIA L. FREMGEN,* CHRISTOPHER P. HANSEN, MARK A. RUMBLE, R. SCOTT GAMO & JOSHUA J. MILLSPAUGH Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, University of Missouri, 302 Anheuser-Busch Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA United States Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, 8221 S Highway 16, Rapid City, SD 57702, USA Habitat Protection Program, Wyoming Game and Fish, 5400 Bishop Boulevard, Cheyenne, WY 82006, USA
Switching costs, customer satisfaction, and their impact on marketing ethics of medical schemes in South Africa: An enlightened marketing perspective

Abstract The issue regarding the transition of members from their current medical schemes to the National Health Insurance (NHI) in South Africa has erupted in much debate. This study, modelled on enlightened marketing philosophy concepts, measures the effects of the perceived costs classified by type (procedural, financial, and relational) and direction (positive and negative) of this switch in terms of Customer Satisfaction. It also measures the impact on the perceived marketing ethics of current medical schemes in South Africa. Data were collected using a face-to-face survey from 250 consumers of medical schemes in South Africa. An 83.2% response rate was entered into SPSS Version 26, and AMOS Version 26 to test a two-step modelling approach (SEM). The results reveal positive significant effects of personal relational loss costs and benefit loss costs on Customer Satisfaction, which in turn, negatively affects currently perceived marketing ethics of medical schemes. For customers paying high and medium medical scheme contributions, and those who have prior switching experience, the results show that the costs of increasing benefit loss enhance Customer Satisfaction. Increasing satisfaction then enhances perceptions of marketing ethics for customers who do not have switching experience. The practical implications and recommendations explain marketing strategies to medical scheme practitioners to enable the enhancement of personal relationships with customers and increase the service benefits, which in turn, removes the current negatively perceived marketing ethics. This paper, therefore, links articulation of the disconfirmation Expectation Theory and the General Theory of Marketing Ethics in the context of medical schemes in South Africa. Limitations and relevant future research avenues conclude the discussion of the research study.
Quantifying model structural uncertainty using airborne electromagnetic data

The ability to quantify structural uncertainty in geological models that incorporate geophysical data is affected by two primary sources of uncertainty: geophysical parameter uncertainty and uncertainty in the relationship between geophysical parameters and geological properties of interest. Here, we introduce an open-source, trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (McMC) algorithm GeoBIPy—Geophysical Bayesian Inference in Python—for robust uncertainty analysis of time-domain or frequency-domain airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data. The McMC algorithm provides a robust assessment of geophysical parameter uncertainty using a trans-dimensional approach that lets the AEM data inform the level of model complexity necessary by allowing the number of model layers itself to be an unknown parameter. Additional components of the Bayesian algorithm allow the user to solve for parameters such as data errors or corrections to the measured instrument height above ground. Probability distributions for a user-specified number of lithologic classes are developed through posterior clustering of McMC-derived resistivity models. Estimates of geological model structural uncertainty are thus obtained through the joint probability of geophysical parameter uncertainty and the uncertainty in the definition of each class. Examples of the implementation of this algorithm are presented for both time-domain and frequency-domain AEM data acquired in Nebraska, USA.
Susceptibility of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) to Herbicides in Accessions Collected from the North Carolina Coastal Plain

Abstract Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) populations resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides and glyphosate are fairly common throughout the state of North Carolina (NC). This has led farm managers to rely more heavily on herbicides with other sites of action (SOA) for A. palmeri control, especially protoporphyrinogen oxidase and glutamine synthetase inhibitors. In the fall of 2016, seeds from A. palmeri populations were collected from the NC Coastal Plain, the state's most prominent agricultural region. In separate experiments, plants with 2 to 4 leaves from the 110 populations were treated with field use rates of glyphosate, glufosinate-ammonium, fomesafen, mesotrione, or thifensulfuron-methyl. Percent visible control and survival were evaluated 3 wk after treatment. Survival frequencies were highest following glyphosate (99%) or thifensulfuron-methyl (96%) treatment. Known mutations conferring resistance to ALS inhibitors were found in populations surviving thifensulfuron-methyl application (Ala-122-Ser, Pro-197-Ser, Trp-574-Leu, and/or Ser-653-Asn), in addition to a new mutation (Ala-282-Asp) that requires further investigation. Forty-two populations had survivors after mesotrione application, with one population having 17% survival. Four populations survived fomesafen treatment, while none survived glufosinate. Dose–response studies showed an increase in fomesafen needed to kill 50% of two populations (LD50); however, these rates were far below the field use rate (less than 5 g ha–1). In two populations following mesotrione dose–response studies, a 2.4- to 3.3-fold increase was noted, with LD90 values approaching the field use rate (72.8 and 89.8 g ha–1). Screening of the progeny of individuals surviving mesotrione confirmed the presence of resistance alleles, as there were a higher number of survivors at the 1X rate compared with the parent population, confirming resistance to mesotrione. These data suggest A. palmeri resistant to chemistries other than glyphosate and thifensulfuron-methyl are present in NC, which highlights the need for weed management approaches to mitigate the evolution and spread of herbicide-resistant populations.
Environmental factors controlling phytoplankton dynamics in a large floodplain river with emphasis on cyanobacteria

Harmful algal blooms are occurring in large river ecosystems and at the mouth of large rivers with increasing frequency. In lentic systems, the chemical and physical conditions that promote harmful algal blooms are somewhat predictable but tracking prevalence and conditions that promote harmful algal blooms in lotic systems is much more difficult. We captured two of the most extreme discharge years within the last 20 years occurring in the Upper Mississippi River, allowing a natural experiment that evaluated how major shifts in discharge drive environmental variation and associated shifts in phytoplankton. Statistical models describing significant environmental covariates for phytoplankton assemblages and specific taxa were developed and used to identify management‐relevant numeric breakpoints at which environmental variables may promote the growth of specific phytoplankton and/or cyanobacteria. Our analyses supported that potentially toxin‐producing cyanobacteria dominate under high phosphorus concentration, low nitrogen concentration, low nitrogen‐to‐phosphorus ratio, low turbulence, low flushing, adequate light and warm temperatures. Cyanobacteria dominated in 2009 when low discharge and low flushing likely led to optimal growth environments for Dolichospermum, Aphanizomenon and Microcystis. Rarely will a single factor lead to the dominance, but multiple positive factors working in concert can lead to cyanobacteria proliferation in large rivers. Certain isolated backwaters with high phosphorus, low nitrogen, warm water temperatures and low potential for flushing could benefit from increased connection to channel inputs to reduce cyanobacterial dominance. Numerous examples of this type of habitat currently exist in the Upper Mississippi River and could benefit from reconnection to channel habitats.
Travel behaviour after the pandemic: the case of Bulgaria

ABSTRACT The paper analyses the travel intentions of tourists in the post-pandemic world. The sample includes 974 respondents from Bulgaria. The findings show that most of the respondents are ready to travel within 2 months after travel is allowed in the country. For their first trip, respondents will travel in the country, by their car and with their family. Hygiene, disinfection and reliable health system in a destination will be the leading factors in travellers’ decisions, according to the findings. Women and older respondents have higher health and safety preferences than do men and younger respondents.
Meaning and framing: the semantic implications of psychological framing effects

ABSTRACT I use the psychological phenomenon of ‘attribute framing’ as a case study for exploring philosophical conceptions of semantics and the semantics-pragmatics divide. Attribute frames are pairs of sentences that use contradictory expressions to predicate the same property of an individual or object. Despite their equivalence, pairs of attribute frames have been observed to induce systematic variability in hearers’ responses. One explanation of such framing effects appeals to the distinct ‘reference point information’ conveyed by alternative frames. Although this information is taken to be pragmatic, a live debate in the philosophy of language concerns the extent to which pragmatic information can really be held apart from semantics. Therefore, in this article I examine whether – and how – reference point information might be thought to intrude on the semantics of an attribute frame. I describe two ways in which the information might be considered broadly semantic, due to its being directly communicated or conventional. However, I argue that the framing data in fact support a narrower conception of semantics, and a semantics-pragmatics distinction that separates standing sentence meaning from enriched communicated meaning.
Mean-variance portfolio selection with non-negative state-dependent risk aversion

In this paper, we study the open-loop equilibrium strategy for mean-variance portfolio selection problem under the assumption that the risk tolerance of the investor is a non-negative and non-linear function of his/her wealth. We derive a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence and uniqueness of an open-loop equilibrium strategy via a coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equation. To the best of our knowledge, such an equation appears for the first time in the literature. The well-posedness of this equation is established by merely imposing Lipschitz condition on the risk tolerance. We also present two examples with non-monotone risk tolerances, where some interesting findings are revealed and the equilibrium strategies are obtained explicitly and numerically.
Non‐native palms (Arecaceae) as generators of novel ecosystems: A global assessment

Novel ecosystems are self‐maintaining ecosystems that support species assemblages without historical precedent. Despite much interest and controversy around novel ecosystems, it remains poorly understood how they are generated, what their capacity to support biodiversity is and what the implications for society are. Here, we address these issues through a global synthesis of non‐native palms, since palms are likely generators of novel ecosystems because they are introduced widely beyond their native range and have the capacity to act as ecosystem engineers.
Flutter Stability Analysis of Parked Floating Wind Turbine Blades

Recent developments and advancements in the technology of wind energy have led to steady growth in the size and capacity of modern horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs). Continuation of this trend is expected in the future, especially in offshore applications. In this regard, floating wind turbines provide an opportunity for capturing wind energy from offshore sites. Lightweight, strong, and durable materials are used by designers for wind turbine components. The use of these materials combined with structural optimization leads to more flexible wind turbine structures. Consequently, aeroelastic behavior of wind turbines has become one of the essential aspects of their design. In the current study, flutter analysis of blades in their parked condition on floating HAWTs has been investigated. A single blade was modelled as a non-uniform Euler-Bernoulli beam in combined flapwise bending and torsion, and a discretized form of the aeroelastic governing equations was obtained using the Ritz method and Lagrange equations. To represent a realistic and practical blade, the properties of the blades on a 5 MW HAWT from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) were accounted for in the structural equations of motion. Further, the unsteady Theodorsen’s model was considered for simulating the aerodynamic load model. Discussions about the effects of base angular velocities in conjunction with airflow on the flutter speed and frequency of parked rotors are presented, and numerical results showed the significant effect of the tower base angular velocity, resulting from ocean waves, on the blade’s aeroelastic stability. KeywordsFloating wind turbine, Flutter, Non-uniform blade, Tower base angular velocity
Evaluation of flazasulfuron for hair fescue (Festuca filiformis) suppression and wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) tolerance

Abstract: Flazasulfuron was evaluated for crop safety and efficacy on hair fescue (Festuca filiformis Pourr.) in wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) fields. Treatments consisted of flazasulfuron applied at 38 and 50 g a.i. ha-1 in fall of the bearing year and spring and fall of the non-bearing year. Industry standard fall bearing year pronamide (2240 g a.i. ha-1) and spring non-bearing year terbacil (2000 g a.i. ha-1) and foramsulfuron (35 g a.i. ha-1) applications were included for comparison. Pronamide consistently reduced flowering hair fescue tuft density in the non-bearing and bearing years across sites. Terbacil reduced flowering tuft inflorescence height in the non-bearing year, but did not reduce total or flowering tuft density in either year. Foramsulfuron reduced flowering tuft density and flowering tuft inflorescence number and height in the non-bearing year, but hair fescue recovered in the bearing year. Fall bearing year flazasulfuron applications did not reduce total or flowering tuft density or flowering tuft inflorescence number and height. In contrast, spring non-bearing year flazasulfuron applications reduced flowering tuft density and flowering tuft inflorescence number and height, though hair fescue recovered in these treatments in the bearing year. Fall non-bearing year flazasulfuron applications reduced hair fescue total tuft density, flowering tuft density, and flowering tuft inflorescence number in the bearing year. No treatments caused significant injury to wild blueberry. Flazasulfuron may contribute to improved hair fescue management in wild blueberry, and this herbicide should be evaluated further to confirm crop tolerance and identify potential use patterns with currently registered herbicides.
Effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on haemato-biochemical parameters of red Sokoto bucks

1. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University of Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria 2. National Animal Production and Research Institute, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 3. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 4. Department of Theriogenology and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 5. Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria 6. Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 7. Department of Theriogenology and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria
Pengaruh Dewan Direksi, Komisaris Non Independen, dan Kepemilikan Manajerial pada Kinerja Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Board of Directors, Non Independent Commissioners, and Managerial Ownership to Manufacturing Company Performance on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research was conducted at food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2014-2018. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression to determine the relationship between more than two variables. Based on the results of the study stated the Board of Directors statistically has no significant effect to company performance (ROA). Non independent commissioners statistically has no effect to company performance (ROA), Managerial ownership has no statistically significant effect to company performance (ROA). Keywords: Board Of Directors; Independent Commissioners; Managerial Ownership; Company Performance.
Qualidade nutricional da polpa de bocaiúva Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. Nutritional quality of the pulp of bocaiuva Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd.

With the aim at stimulating the consumption of natural food from the Brazilian Cerrado (vast tropical savanna ecoregion of Brazil), the contens of moisture, lipid, protein, carbohydrate, ash, fiber, minerals, and main carotenoids were determinated in the bocaiuva Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. pulp. The edible portion of the fruit (pulp and kernel) corresponded to 50% of the whole fruit. The pulp presented 52.99% of moisture, 8.14% of total lipids, 1.5% of protein, 22.08% of carbohydrates, 1.51% of ash, and 13.76% of fiber. The energetic value was estimated to be 167.67 kcal.100 g-1 of wet pulp, which is higher than the other fruits from this region. Among the minerals examined, potassium was the element in higher concentrations (766.37 ± 18.36 mg.100 g-1) followed by calcium (61.96 ± 2.30 mg.100 g-1) and copper (36.70 ± 0.0 mg.100 g-1). The bocaiuva pulp may be classified as a rich source of copper for children, as a source of zinc and potassium for children, and as a source of copper and potassium for adults according to the dietary recommendation intake of those minerals. The bocaiuva pulp can be considered as rich in β-carotene (49.0 ± 2.0 µg.g-1 of integral pulp), the predominant carotenoid identified in the pulp, which can contribute to the enrichment of the regional diet, in supplementary diet programs, as a natural source of that nutrient as well as of vitamin A, copper, potassium and zinc minerals.
Cities as carbon sinks—classification of wooden buildings

Although buildings produce a third of greenhouse gas emissions, it has been suggested that they might be one of the most cost-effective climate change mitigation solutions. Among building materials, wood not only produces fewer emissions according to life-cycle assessment but can also store carbon. This study aims to estimate the carbon storage potential of new European buildings between 2020 and 2040. While studies on this issue exist, they mainly present rough estimations or are based on a small number of case studies. To ensure a reliable estimation, 50 different case buildings were selected and reviewed. The carbon storage per m2 of each case building was calculated and three types of wooden buildings were identified based on their carbon storage capacity. Finally, four European construction scenarios were generated based on the percentage of buildings constructed from wood and the type of wooden buildings. The annual captured CO2 varied between 1 and 55 Mt, which is equivalent to between 1% and 47% of CO2 emissions from the cement industry in Europe. This study finds that the carbon storage capacity of buildings is not significantly influenced by the type of building, the type of wood or the size of the building but rather by the number and the volume of wooden elements used in the structural and non-structural components of the building. It is recommended that policymakers aiming for carbon-neutral construction focus on the number of wooden elements in buildings rather than more general indicators, such as the amount of wood construction, or even detailed indirect indicators, such as building type, wood type or building size. A practical scenario is proposed for use by European decision-makers, and the role of wood in green building certification is discussed.