Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extended Large Scale Sketch-Based 3D Shape Retrieval

Large scale sketch-based 3D shape retrieval has received more and more attentions in the community of content-based 3D object retrieval. The objective of this track is to evaluate the performance of different sketch-based 3D model retrieval algorithms using a large scale hand-drawn sketch query dataset on a comprehensive 3D model dataset. The benchmark contains 12,680 sketches and 8,987 3D models, divided into 171 distinct classes. In this track, 12 runs were submitted by 4 groups and their retrieval performance was evaluated using 7 commonly used retrieval performance metrics. We hope that this benchmark, the comparative evaluation results and the corresponding evaluation code will further promote the progress of this research direction for the 3D model retrieval community.
Consumer Innovativeness and GLB : A comparative study

1 Lessius Hogeschool and Ghent University, Department of Business Studies, Korte Nieuwstraat 33, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium. Tel. 032 3 201 18 84. E-mail: Bert.Vandecasteele@lessius-ho.be 2 Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration and Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School, Department of Marketing, Hoveniersberg 24, 9000 Gent, Belgium. Tel. 032 9 264 35 21. E-mail: Maggie.Geuens@Ugent.be. The authors would like to thank Bert Weijters for his constructive remarks on an earlier version.
New Methodology for Density and Water Content by Time Domain Reflectometry

AbstractThis paper provides a new methodology for determining soil water content and density under different compaction energies. A new calibration equation was introduced making use of the voltage drop associated with the first passage of the electromagnetic wave through the soil specimen, the final voltage level after wave propagation ceases, and dry density normalized by the density of water. The new calibration equation allows for the direct calculation of dry density. Values of dry density are then used in the normalized apparent dielectric constant equation to determine the water content. Results of numerous laboratory tests on a wide variety of soils (including coarse-grained soils) showed that the proposed method accommodates different levels of compaction energy. The method also was validated with different field tests at sites commonly used in geotechnical earthwork construction, using soil-specific model coefficients determined from laboratory compaction tests. The results of this study indicat.
Host-Based Intrusion Detection System with System Calls

In a contemporary data center, Linux applications often generate a large quantity of real-time system call traces, which are not suitable for traditional host-based intrusion detection systems deployed on every single host. Training data mining models with system calls on a single host that has static computing and storage capacity is time-consuming, and intermediate datasets are not capable of being efficiently handled. It is cumbersome for the maintenance and updating of host-based intrusion detection systems (HIDS) installed on every physical or virtual host, and comprehensive system call analysis can hardly be performed to detect complex and distributed attacks among multiple hosts. Considering these limitations of current system-call-based HIDS, in this article, we provide a review of the development of system-call-based HIDS and future research trends. Algorithms and techniques relevant to system-call-based HIDS are investigated, including feature extraction methods and various data mining algorithms. The HIDS dataset issues are discussed, including currently available datasets with system calls and approaches for researchers to generate new datasets. The application of system-call-based HIDS on current embedded systems is studied, and related works are investigated. Finally, future research trends are forecast regarding three aspects, namely, the reduction of the false-positive rate, the improvement of detection efficiency, and the enhancement of collaborative security.
Trends in runoff and erosion processes over an arid limestone hillside, northern Negev, Israel / Tendances d'écoulement et des processus d'érosion sur une pente de colline aride calcaire, Negev du nord, Israel

Abstract The study describes an experimental site installed in an arid region for the study of spatial variations in rainfall, runoff and erosion processes along slopes. Data obtained indicate that despite the frequent development of universal overland flow, due to excess rainfall, runoff generated at the upper part of slopes, 60–70m in length, has little or no chance of reaching the slope base during most rainstorms and thus does not contribute to channel flow. The spatial distribution of areas contributing to channel storm flow was found to be similar to that observed in the humid regions. In both cases the contributing area is limited to a belt extending at the base of the slope area. An analysis of the factors affecting the spatial pattern of runoff development in the arid zone is presented. Suspended sediment data collected indicate that no correlation exists between observed sediment concentrations and runoff rates.
Classification of Carbonate Rocks According to Depositional Textures

Three textural features seem especially useful in classifying those carbonate rocks that retain their depositional texture (1) Presence or absence of carbonate mud, which differentiates muddy carbonate from grainstone; (2) abundance of grains, which allows muddy carbonates to be subdivided into mudstone, wackestone, and packstone; and (3) presence of signs of binding during deposition, which characterizes boundstone. The distinction between grain-support and mud-support differentiates packstone from wackestone--packstone is full of its particular mixture of grains, wackestone is not. Rocks retaining too little of their depositional texture to be classified are set aside as crystalline carbonates.
Engineering Trust: Reciprocity in the Production of Reputation Information

Reciprocity in feedback giving distorts the production and content of reputation information in a market, hampering trust and trade efficiency. Guided by feedback patterns observed on eBay and other platforms, we run laboratory experiments to investigate how reciprocity can be managed by changes in the way feedback information flows through the system, leading to more accurate reputation information, more trust, and more efficient trade. We discuss the implications for theory building and for managing the redesign of market trust systems. This paper was accepted by Teck Ho, decision analysis.
Threats to Ultraoligotrophic Marine Ecosystems

Data from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) show that ultraoligotrophic marine areas occur within subtropical gyres at mid-latitudes and cover about 16-28% of the Earth’s surface (Fig. 1) (McClain et al., 2004). Despite their low productivity, subtropical gyres account for 30-50% of global oceanic primary productivity (Karl et al., 1996). The subtropical gyres of the North Pacific, North Atlantic, South Pacific, South Atlantic and South Indian Ocean are ultraoligotrophic year-round with the lowest productivity found in the South Pacific gyre near Easter Island (Morel et al., 2010). Periods of ultraoligotrophy also occur in the Eastern Mediterranean and the North Red Sea, particularly during summer (Labiosa et al., 2003; Siokou-Frangou et al., 2010). In this chapter we compare ultraoligotrophic areas and describe the main threats to these systems.
Holocene changes on a peatland in northwestern Ontario interpreted from testate amoebae (Protozoa) analysis

Radiocarbon-dating and analyses of fossil testate amoebae (Protozoa) have established changes in soil moisture conditions on the developing surface of a Sphagnum -dominated peatland near Emo in northwestern Ontario. The distribution and composition of modern testate amoebae communities were studied from peatlands in the region of Ontario and Minnesota as a guide to interpreting fossil assemblages. Although the core spans all of the Holocene, fossil testate amoebae were recovered only from the part post-dating 6500 BP. Earliest testate amoebae assemblages associated with bryophytic and cyperaceous-rich fen peat are dominated by species in the genera Cyclopyxis and Centropyxis. By 5000 BP, Amphitrema Jraaum, Assulina muscorum, Heleopera sphugni and Hyalosphenia subjaoa become important species as Sphagnum-rich peat accumulated at the site. Present-day microtopographic differentiation probably developed during historic time when the site became progressively drier, as indicated by a change of Nebela griseola, N. militaris and Trigonopyxis arcula. Although it is possible to derive quantitative estimates of changing soil moisture conditions from testate amoebae, care should be taken in interpreting results, particularly from non-Sphagnum-rich peats, until more is learned about the distribution and ecology of modern faunas.
Length-weight relationship of eight decapod crustaceans of the Sığacık Bay, Aegean Sea coast of Turkey

The parameters of the length-weight relationship of the form W = aL b are presented for 8 species of crustaceans caught along the Sigacik Bay, Aegean Sea coast of Turkey. Samples from commercial trawlers were taken during September 2005 to July 2006 . The ‘b' value ranged between 0.568 and 3.156.
Comfetch: Federated Learning of Large Networks on Memory-Constrained Clients via Sketching

A popular application of federated learning is using many clients to train a deep neural network, the parameters of which are maintained on a central server. While recent efforts have focused on reducing communication complexity, existing algorithms assume that each participating client is able to download the current and full set of parameters, which may not be a practical assumption depending on the memory constraints of clients such as mobile devices. In this work, we propose a novel algorithm Comfetch , which allows clients to train large networks using compressed versions of the global architecture via Count Sketch, thereby reducing communication and local memory costs. We provide a theoretical convergence guarantee and experimentally demonstrate that it is possible to learn large networks, such as a deep convolutional network and an LSTM, through federated agents training on their sketched counterparts. The resulting global models exhibit competitive test accuracy when compared against the state-of-the-art FetchSGD and the classical FedAvg , both of which require clients to download the full architecture.
Mode of Occupation of Tabun Cave, Mt Carmel, Israel During the Mousterian Period: A Study of the Sediments and Phytoliths

Alternative modes of occupation of Tabun Cave during the deposition of the Mousterian Levels B and C have been proposed. Garrod & Bate (1937, Excavations at the Wady El-Mughara, Volume 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press) interpreted the archaeological record of both levels as being indicative of domestic occupational activities. Jelinek et al. (1973, Palaeorient 1, 151‐183) proposed that the presence of articulated limb bones of Dama mesopotamica in the Level B sediments below the cave chimney indicated that the cave was used as a natural game trap. They also noted that the white ash layers in Level C extended across the whole cave, and proposed that this was due to the burning of natural vegetation in the cave. This study aims at clarifying the modes of occupation during these periods. Level B sediments closely resemble the terra rossa soil that is common in this region. Burning activity is inferred from charcoal fragments seen in thin sections. A minor wood ash component is present based on the preponderance of phytoliths with a variable morphology as compared to those with a consistent morphology, as well as phytoliths with shapes characteristic of those formed in wood and bark of local trees. Thus fires were produced in the cave during this period. The cave may also have been used as a game trap. Level C is composed of multiple layers of brown, black and white sediments. Micromorphology, mineralogy and phytolith analyses all show that these layers are mixtures of terra rossa soil and ash, with the latter being abundant in the white layers. The phytoliths in these layers are derived almost entirely from wood and bark, and not from grasses. These observations are consistent with a domestic occupational mode. 1999 Academic Press
PLATE KINEMATICS OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC: CHRON C34 TO PRESENT

A high-resolution seafloor spreading history of the South Atlantic since chron C34 is constrained by a combination of Seasat altimeter data and underway marine geophysical data. A set of 45 finite rotation poles defines the relative position of Africa and South America at roughly 2-m.y. intervals. A set of 12 stage poles constrain the relative motion of these two plates at 5- to 10-m.y. intervals. The position of the stage poles continuously migrates, reflecting the continuously changing azimuths of the fracture zones. Major changes in spreading direction are observed in the Late Cretaceous and early Cenozoic as the fracture zones sweep out broad S-shaped curves similar to the pattern seen on the Kane fracture zone in the central Atlantic. Small offset fracture zones were found to be the most accurate recorders of changes in plate motion; large offset fracture zones, such as the Agulhas-Falkland fracture zone, were the least reliable recorders. At 30°S, spreading rates decrease throughout the Late Cretaceous from a high of 75 mm/yr at the end of chron C34 to a low of 30 mm/yr around chron C27. A period of slow spreading between chron C30 and chron C20 corresponds to a zone of fracture zone proliferation, an increase in the amplitude of geoid anomalies over fracture zones, greater relief on topographic profiles, and locally, evidence of intraplate crustal deformation. Spreading rates increase at chron C20 to about 50 mm/yr and then gradually decrease during the late Paleogene and Neogene. A comparison of synthetic fracture zones based on the South Atlantic stage poles to the observed trends of fracture zones in the equatorial Atlantic indicates that the Vema and Marathon fracture zones were generated by South Atlantic spreading, as opposed to central Atlantic spreading, at least as far back as 35 m.y. ago and possibly 50 m.y. ago.
14C Dating of the Lime Burial of Cova de Na Dent (Mallorca, Spain): Optimization of the Sample Preparation and Limitations of the Method

Lime burials are a characteristic phenomenon of the protohistoric funerary tradition on the Balearic Islands. At Cova de Na Dent, six samples, representing the entire stratigraphy of the lime burial, were taken for analysis. The radiocarbon dates suggested that the lowest levels of the burial were Late Bronze Age. This is in contradiction with the general belief that the lime burials are a late Iron Age phenomenon. Therefore, a new analysis strategy is put forward, focusing on the so-called 1st fraction, the first CO2 released during the acid lime reaction, which is supposed to be free of fossil carbon. The analysis demonstrates the impossibility to eliminate the fossil carbon fraction completely. This is probably due to the different geological formation of the local limestone deposits (ancient reef barriers) compared to the previous lime burials of Mallorca all coming from mountain areas. 14C analysis from a cremation layer without lime at the onset of the lime burial reveals an Iron Age origin of the Cova de Na Dent lime burial.
The Caracas, Venezuela, earthquake of July 1967: A multiple‐source event

A general study of Caribbean plate tectonics is first focused on the determination of fault parameters and source processes of the Caracas (Venezuela) earthquake of July 29, 1967 (mb = 6.5, Ms = 6.7). Synthetic seismograms which closely reproduce the observed P, SH, and Love wave seismograms were generated using generalized ray and mode theories. The results indicate a complicated faulting process, consisting of at least three separated sources aligned along a Nl0°W trending ‘en echelon’ vertical left lateral strike slip system of three faults that ruptured from north to south, at three discrete places with an extreme separation of 90 km. The process of rupture progressed southward with a mean velocity of 3 km/s. The focal depths of the individual sources varied between 8 and 27.5 km. The total dislocation was calculated as 120 cm along the direction N 10°W, and the total average moment as 4 × 1026 dyn cm. The multiple character of the event severely constrains the number of suitable source models that can be inferred, thus facilitating the process of inversion. Tectonic implications are briefly discussed, and local geology is successfully invoked to support the source model.
Measuring the spatial arrangement of urban vegetation and its impacts on seasonal surface temperatures

Urban forestry is an important component of the urban ecosystem that can effectively ameliorate temperatures by providing shade and through evapotranspiration. While it is well known that vegetation abundance is negatively correlated to land surface temperature, the impacts of the spatial arrangement (e.g. clustered or dispersed) of vegetation cover on the urban thermal environment requires further investigation. In this study, we coupled remote sensing techniques with spatial statistics to quantify the configuration of vegetation cover and its variable influences on seasonal surface temperatures in central Phoenix. The objectives of this study are to: (1) determine spatial arrangement of green vegetation cover using continuous spatial autocorrelation indices combined with high-resolution remotely-sensed data; (2) examine the role of grass and trees, especially their spatial patterns on seasonal and diurnal land surface temperatures by controlling the effects of vegetation abundance; (3) investigate the sensitivity of the vegetation–temperature relationship at varying geographical scales. The spatial pattern of urban vegetation was measured using a local spatial autocorrelation index—the local Moran’s Iv . Results show that clustered or less fragmented patterns of green vegetation lower surface temperature more effectively than dispersed patterns. The relationships between the local Moran’s Iv and surface temperature are evidenced to be strongest during summer daytime and lowest during winter nighttime. Results of multiple regression analyses demonstrate significant impacts of spatial arrangement of vegetation on seasonal surface temperatures. Our analyses of vegetation spatial patterns at varying geographical scales suggest that an area extent of ˜200 m is optimal for examining the vegetation–temperature relationship. We provide a methodological framework to quantify the spatial pattern of urban features and to examine their impacts on the biophysical characteristics of the urban environment. The insights gained from our study results have significant implications for sustainable urban development and resource management.
Physicochemical Analysis of Ground Water of Selected Areas of Dass and Ganjuwa Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Ground water samples were collected from different locations within a radius of 25 km of Dass and Ganjuwa Local Government Areas (DG-LGAs here after referred to respectively), Bauchi State, Nigeria. These water samples from 10 sampling points of Bauchi were analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. Laboratory analyses on samples were performed for pH, Colour, Odour, Hardness, Chloride, Alkalinity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and others. On comparing the results against drinking water quality standards laid by Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality Maximum permissible level (NSDWQ) and World Health Organization (WHO), it was found that some of the samples were non-potable for human consumption due to high concentrations of some of the parameters determined. An attempt was made to find whether or not the quality of ground water in the areas of study suitable for human consumption.
An early Holocene glacial advance in the Macaulay River valley, central Southern Alps, New Zealand

Abstract A 10 km long valley glacier terminating between Lower Tindill and Tom Streams, in the Macaulay River valley, central Southern Alps, New Zealand, at 8690 ± 120 years B.P. (NZ 6473A), is inferred from radiocarbon-dated deposits of till that were formerly thought to be of nonglacial origin. The glacial advance is one of three dated early Aranuian (post-14 000 years B.P.) advances in South Island. A group of undated moraines to the east of the Main Divide of the Southern Alps, collectively known as the Birch Hill moraines, may include moraines of similar age to the Macaulay River deposits,butrepresenta substantial interval of time. Available radiocarbon dates suggest that previous correlation of Birch Hill moraines with the c. 12 000 year old Waiho Loop moraine at Franz Josef Glacier is unlikely. Early Holocene glacial deposits of similar age to the Macaulay deposits are found in arctic Canada, western United States, and in the European Alps, so the triggering minor climatic change may have been glob.
Aerosol characteristics observed in southeast Queensland and implications for cloud microphysics

Regular cloud base aerosol measurements were collected by a research aircraft over a 4 month period during the wet season in southeast Queensland, near Brisbane, Australia. In situ cloud microphysical measurements were also collected in many of these clouds. Brisbane is situated on the east coast of Australia and, depending on the synoptic weather conditions, can experience influences from inland or from the adjacent ocean. In situ aerosol measurements were used to compile a climatology of the aerosol conditions in the region and a back trajectory model was run for 120 h from each measurement to determine the possible air mass influences on each measurement. The most influential factor on the measured aerosol concentrations was the time the trajectory spent over land beneath 2 km (a proxy for the boundary layer). Using this criterion, the measurements were divided into two regimes: maritime for those with minimal time histories over land and continental for the remainder. Other influential factors on the aerosol concentration were also diagnosed and quantified with a regression model, including the proximity of the trajectory to the city of Brisbane and the number of fires along the trajectory. Thermodynamic, aerosol, and cloud microphysical characteristics are presented for each regime. The maritime regime tended to have more coarse mode (larger) aerosol particles and a tail of larger drops in the cloud base droplet spectra, which could be due to nucleation on the larger aerosol particles. The city influence on maritime regime trajectories yielded enhanced nucleation (fine) particle concentrations.
A Unifying Framework for Variance-Reduced Algorithms for Findings Zeroes of Monotone operators

It is common to encounter large-scale monotone inclusion problems where the objective has a ﬁnite sum structure. We develop a general framework for variance-reduced forward-backward splitting algorithms for this problem. This framework includes a number of existing deterministic and variance-reduced algorithms for function minimization as special cases, and it is also applicable to more general problems such as saddle-point problems and variational inequalities. With a carefully constructed Lyapunov function, we show that the algorithms covered by our framework enjoy a linear convergence rate in expectation under mild assumptions. We further consider Catalyst acceleration and asynchronous implementation to reduce the algorithmic complexity and computation time. We apply our proposed framework to a policy evaluation problem and a strongly monotone two player game, both of which fall outside the realm of function minimization.