Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Attitude Towards Preconception Care and Associated Factors Among Health Care Providers in North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2020

Introduction: preconception care is provision of biomedical, behavioral, and social health interventions to reproductive age women and their partners before pregnancy to improve maternal and child health. Its package was developed in 2012. Preconception care not well studied in Ethiopia particularly in the study area. Objective: The aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude towards preconception care and associated factors among healthcare providers in North Wollo Zone, 2020. Methods: institution based cross sectional study on 536 health care providers was conducted. Multi stage sampling technique was used. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select the health institutions and study participants. Data were collected; structured, pre tested and self-administered questionnaire. Binary logistic regression used to compute descriptive statistics. P-value < 0.05%, OR with 95% CI used for presence and strength of significant association. Result: This study revealed that 49.1% and 44.2% of health care providers had good knowledge and favorable attitude towards preconception care, respectively. Variables; higher monthly salary [AOR 1.9: 95% CI: 1.1-3.2)], midwifery as profession [AOR: 2.1(95% CI: 1.1-3.7)], library in the institution [AOR: 2.6 (95% CI: 1.2-5.8)], ever heard about preconception care [AOR: 5.6 (95% CI: 3.0 - 10.4)] on knowledge and degree & above educational status [(AOR: 2.1 (95% CI: 1.4-3.1)], good knowledge [AOR: 2.3 (95% CI: 1.3-3.3)] and ever read guideline [AOR: 2.0 (95% CI: 1.2-3.3)] on favorable attitude of preconception care were significantly associated factors respectivelyConclusion and recommendation: nearly half of the participants had poor knowledge and unfavorable attitude on preconception care due to mentioned factors and can be averted by making the institutions to have library, health care providers should to read about preconception care.
To Open or Close? COVID-19, Mosques and the Role of Religious Authority within the British Muslim Community: A Socio-Legal Analysis

A whirlwind of developments have unfolded in the UK since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has subsequently instigated an intensely animated debate among British Muslim religious leaders about the contentious and sensitive topic of mosque closure, producing a rich and sophisticated spectrum of responses. These responses emerged within the dramatic global background of an imminent closure of Islam’s most cherished mosque to international pilgrims, namely the sacred precinct in Mekkah. The stakes were, therefore, high for British Muslim religious leaders considering mosque closure, facing the stark dilemma of compromising the sacrosanct status of the mosque and congregational worship in Islam or putting the lives of British Muslims in their hundreds of thousands at risk. This paper seeks to analyze the role of religious authority within the British Muslim community through the lens of the responses of the community’s religious leaders to the COVID-19 closure of mosques. It builds upon a Special Issue published by this journal on leadership, authority and representation in British Muslim communities. The issue of COVID-19 mosque closure in the UK presented an excellent case study for this paper’s analysis, manifesting as it does the dynamic way in which religious authority in the British Muslim community continues to evolve. This paper thus seeks to use this case-study to further enrich the literature on this topic.
Determination of Blood Serum Protein Fractions of Calves with Clinically Diagnosed Pneumonia

Background: Respiratory diseases in calves are causing worldwide economic losses for the beef industry. This study was planned to determine the serum protein fractions and A/G ratio in calves with clinically diagnosed pneumonia, and evaluate the possibility uses of these parameters as clinical diagnostic parameters.Methods: The 34 calves with respiratory system problems and 10 healthy calves without clinical pneumonia symptoms were used as materials. The obtained serum samples were used for total protein and serum protein electrophoresis.Result: Albumin, α1-globulin percentages and A/G ratio decreased in the patient group (p≤0.01), other globulin fractions were higher in the patient group (p≤0.01), for % g values. According to concentration results, it was found that while albumin did not show a significant difference, α1-globulin (p≤0.05) and A / G ratio (p≤0.01) decreased in the patient group. In addition, other globulin fractions and total protein levels were higher in patient groups (p≤0.01). As a result, the serum protein fractions should be evaluated as a useful biochemical blood parameter for diagnosis and follow up of lung diseases especially in calves.
Einstellungen junger Erwachsener zu Bio-Lebensmitteln : Eine Online-Mixed-Methods-Studie

Wachsende Marktanteile von Bio-Lebensmitteln erfordern das Erreichen neuer Kauferschichten. Eine solche neue Kauferschicht sind junge Erwachsene (18-30 Jahre). Um diese Kauferschicht erfolgreich ansprechen zu konnen, mussen ihre spezifischen Einstellungen bezuglich des Einkaufs von Bio-Lebensmitteln bekannt sein. Um die Einstellungen von jungen Erwachsenen zu untersuchen, wurde ein Online-Mixed-Methods-Ansatz gewahlt. Im ersten qualitativen Schritt wurden drei Online-Gruppendiskussionen realisiert. Darauf aufbauend wurde eine quantitative Online-Befragung durchgefuhrt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass hohe Tierwohlstandards, Gesundheit, Frische und Umweltschutz die wichtigsten Kaufkriterien fur Bio-Lebensmittel sind. Hinderungsgrunde fur den Kauf sind die hohen Preise und das fehlende Vertrauen in die Zuverlassigkeit der Bioproduktion. Ahnlich wie in fruheren Studien zeigen auch junge Erwachsene eine ausgepragte Praferenz fur regionale Produkte und ziehen diese vielfach den okologischen Produkten vor. Um eine positive Nachfrageentwicklung von jungen Erwachsenen fur Bio-Produkte zu befordern, sollten Masnahmen ergriffen werden, die das Vertrauen in Bio-Lebensmittel steigern und die die regionale Erzeugung fordern.
The Correlation of Oral Mucosa Lesions with Dermatological Preliminary Diagnosis and Epidemiological Properties

Objective: Our study aims to determine the prevalence and distribution characteristics of oral mucosal lesions (OML), which are frequently encountered in clinical practice, and determine the correlation between dermatological pre-diagnoses and definite histopathological diagnoses. Methods: The clinical data of 361 individuals who were consulted by Dermatology to the Otolaryngology Clinic of Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine Training and Research Hospital for oral mucosal lesions and underwent excision biopsy were included in the study. Each patient’s data, such as gender, age, and smoking history, were scanned and recorded. Regarding the lesions, localization of the lesions, duration of their presence, clinical pre-diagnoses, and definite diagnoses were recorded. Accordingly, the diagnostic distribution characteristics of the lesions and the correlation between diagnoses were evaluated. Results: When the age and gender distribution of the patients included in the study were examined, 152 (42.1%) were male, and 209 (57.9%) were female. The average age was 49.72 ± 1.21. While 134 patients (57,37,1%) were ≥65 years old, 227 patients (62,9%) were under 65 years old. 185 (51.2%) of the lesions were localized in the buccal mucosa. The most common ones were chronic inflammatory lesions (21.1%) and lesions of traumatic origin (13.3%). A statistically significant correlation was observed between clinical presuppositions and definite histopathological diagnoses (p <0.05). When we evaluated histopathological diagnoses according to gender and age distribution, no difference was observed in gender distribution. At the same time, premalignant and malignant lesions were statistically significantly higher in elderly individuals (65 years and over) seen. In terms of smoking habits, it was seen that smoking was significantly associated with premalignant and malignant diseases (p <0.05). Conclusion: This study on oral mucosal lesions, which concern a significant part of the society, will be critical in terms of its contribution to epidemiological data as well as evaluating the reliability of preliminary dermatological diagnoses.
Nonionic surfactants induced cloud point extraction of Polyhydroxyalkanoate from Cupriavidus necator

ABSTRACT Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesized by Cupriavidus necator DSM 428 was purified from the crude fermentation broth as such by performing nonionic surfactants (Triton X100, Triton X114 & Tergitol 6) induced cloud point extraction. Polyhydroxyalkanoate was extracted into the micelle-rich bottom phase (coacervate phase), while most of the cellular impurities partitioned into the aqueous phase. Cloud point temperatures and the extraction efficiency of different cloud point systems were studied at different pH value and in the presence of additives. Maximum extraction of biopolymer was achieved (recovery of 84.4%) with a purity of 92.49% at 3 pH with the addition of 0.1 M ammonium chloride in the mixed surfactant system at a reduced cloud point temperature of 33°C.
The Determinant of Islamic Performance Ratio: Do Financing Deposit Ratio, Financing Quality, and Return on Asset Ratio Matters?

Islamic banks have the aim of providing benefit to all humankind. Therefore, to measure the performance of Islamic banks, different indicators are needed from conventional banks. One of the indicators that can be used to measure Islamic banks' performance is the Islamic performance ratio (IPR). This study aims to determine the factors that influence IPR. By employing moderated regression analysis with the panel data of 7 Islamic commercial banks during 2012-2017, this study found that several factors are significantly influencing the performance of Islamic banks as indicated by the IPR indicator. That is the return on asset ratio (ROA) which has a positive direct effect on IPR and non-performing financing (NPF) that becomes a moderating variable for the effect of financing to deposit ratio (FDR) on IPR that weakens FDR’s effect. Although the NPF does not have a direct influence on the performance of Islamic banks, Islamic banks still have to be careful with NPF, because it can reduce the effect of FDR on the performance of Islamic banks.
Insights from Learning Analytics for Hands-On Cloud Computing Labs in AWS

Cloud computing instruction requires hands-on experience with a myriad of distributed computing services from a public cloud provider. Tracking the progress of the students, especially for online courses, requires one to automatically gather evidence and produce learning analytics in order to further determine the behavior and performance of students. With this aim, this paper describes the experience from an online course in cloud computing with Amazon Web Services on the creation of an open-source data processing tool to systematically obtain learning analytics related to the hands-on activities carried out throughout the course. These data, combined with the data obtained from the learning management system, have allowed the better characterization of the behavior of students in the course. Insights from a population of more than 420 online students through three academic years have been assessed, the dataset has been released for increased reproducibility. The results corroborate that course length has an impact on online students dropout. In addition, a gender analysis pointed out that there are no statistically significant differences in the final marks between genders, but women show an increased degree of commitment with the activities planned in the course.
Assessment of the questionnaire of environmental factors and adolescent smoking behavior: a psychometric study

ABSTRACT Background Smoking is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Evidence suggests that environmental factors (EF) play an important role in adolescent smoking behavior. Therefore, the present study aimed to perform a psychometric analysis of the questionnaire of EF on smoking behavior and evaluate the theoretical framework with a path analysis approach in adolescents in Isfahan, Iran. Methods This psychometric cross-sectional study recruited a sample of 340 adolescents selected by simple random stratified clustered sampling in Isfahan in 2019. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire of EF. Results The participants’ mean age was 16.67 (0.98) years. The content validity index and content validity ratio of the questionnaire of EF were 0.8 and 0.58, respectively, and its total corrected item-total correlations index was 0.377. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable goodness of fit for the first-order measurement model of environmental variables, and the results of path analysis showed acceptable goodness of fit for the explanatory model of EF. Conclusions The present study provided a valid and reliable explanatory model of EF of smoking behavior and its related questionnaire, so it can be used in studies related to adolescent smoking behavior.
IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON WEST SUMATERA TOURISM

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran dampak awal pandemi covid-19 terhadap pariwisata Sumatera Barat secara makro maupun mikro dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil survei terhadap 31 destinasi wisata dengan menggunakan survei online dan data sekunder berasal dari publikasi BPS dan Instansi Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Barat, web resmi pemerintah dan non pemerintah serta lembaga lainnya. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan analisis deskriptif diperoleh hasil temuan bahwa pandemi covid-19 berdampak signifikan terhadap penurunan jumlah kunjungan wisatawan dan pendapatan sektor transportasi dan pergudangan serta penyediaan akomodasi dan makan minum, tenaga kerja, kerugian dan penurunan pendapatan usaha. Rekomendasi yang diusulkan adalah kebijakan kolaborasi yang melibatkan stake holder terkait pada dua tahap yaitu tahap masa pandemi dan pasca pandemi dalam rangka pemulihan sektor pariwisata dan mitigasi krisis pariwisata kedepannya
Trust your Abilities More than the Stereotype: Effect of Gender-stereotype Threat and Task Difficulty on Word Production, Clustering, and Switching in Letter Fluency

Gender-stereotype threat consistently accounts for underperformance phenomena experienced by women on male-stereotyped cognitive tasks. However, only a few studies have examined how the threat is affecting performance on female-stereotyped cognitive tasks, such as letter fluency. The present study examined whether variations in the cues to activate stereotype threat and the level of task difficulty would affect the letter fluency performance of undergraduate men and women (n = 168) and the underlying cognitive processes of this performance (i.e., switching, clustering). The results indicated participants held beliefs about women’s superiority in this task. However, threat-activation cues did not affect production of correct words, errors, clustering, or switching in men and women. Task difficulty affected the number of correct words, yet it did not interact with the stereotype threat-activation cues. Finally, participants’ actual performance was related to their self-rating perception about their ability instead of the stereotyping they perceived. The effect of self-efficacy, educational level, and individuals’ susceptibilities should be taken into account when studying the effects of stereotype threat.
Clinico-epidemiological profile of high altitude pulmonary edema

With rampant increase in tourist footfall to the Himalayas and already deployed Indian soldiers along the northern frontiers, high altitude-related illnesses are turning into a growing public health challenge. In public health context, the term ‘high-altitude’ refers to elevations of 1,500 m (4,921 ft) above sea level. Three categories of altitude have been identified: 1,500 to 3,500m as high altitude, 3,500 to 5,500m as very high altitude and 5,500 to 8,850m as extreme altitude. High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a unique pulmonary condition developing over hours to days of exposure to hypoxichypobaric environment at high altitude. Even though HAPE is a preventable consequence of rapid ascent, it continues to be a common occurrence among lowlanders on their sojourns to the hilly terrain. Sudden exposure to high altitude triggers several physiologic mechanisms that enable the individual to adapt to the prevailing environmental conditions, collectively known as acclimatisation. While the typical case of HAPE is a young individual complaining of cough and shortness of breath on second or third day of ascent with supportive auscultatory and chest radiographs, our experience with more than a lakh individuals posted to different stages of high altitude area (HAA) has provided new insights into the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HAPE. There is a need to accumulate epidemiological evidence ABSTRACT
Middle income trap and factors affecting the risk of growth slowdown in upper middle income countries

In this paper, we investigate the macroeconomic, demographic and institutional factors affecting the probability of growth slowdown in upper-middle-income countries within the framework of the growth slowdown methodology developed by Eichengreen et al. (2011). To do so, we use probit regression, and the dataset covers the period 1980-2015. The results show that growth slowdown occurs when per capita income reaches 22 percent of that in the United States. Besides, an increase in the relative income, gross capital formation, trade openness, years of total schooling, old dependency ratio and law and order index increases the risk of growth slowdown, whereas an increase in public debt, inflation variability and years of secondary and higher schooling decreases the risk of growth slowdown.
Can I confidently guess who you are? Personality and intelligence perception in online dating

We conducted two computer-mediated speed dating studies to evaluate personality perception based on language use in online dating and analyzed the data with Bayesian statistics. In each study, participants first reported mating-relevant personality traits (Big Five, sociosexual orientation) and we assessed their intelligence (N1 = 186, N2 = 618). Subsequently, we conducted computer-mediated speed dating sessions at our laboratory (n1 = 56, n2 = 94). After the first chat, participants rated their chat partner on the constructs mentioned above (i.e., personality and intelligence). Linguistic patterns in the chats were analyzed using LIWC. In both studies, consistent evidence showed that online daters systematically rated partners with higher IQ and extraversion scores as more intelligent and extraverted above chance. We also derived different linguistic cues as potential mediators from earlier studies. Empirical evidence proved very strongly against mediation based on such linguistic cues. Hence, although people are able to make correct inferences about the personality and intelligence of potential mates in the dynamic setting of speed dating, it remains unclear which cues they rely on.
Strategic delegation under rational and fulfilled expectations in quantity competition

ABSTRACT In an asymmetric duopoly with quantity competition such that consumers form expectations about network sizes before and after the owners of both firms choose their incentive parameters (fulfilled and rational expectations, respectively), this paper reconsidered the level of their incentive parameters adopting the approach emplyed in two important existing works in this field. In quantity competition, we demonstrate that in such an asymmetric duopoly, the owners of both firms make their managers more aggressive than their sole profit maximizers, regardless of the strength of network effects.
Clinical Characteristics of Mechanically Ventilated Patients Treated in Non-ICU Settings in Japan: A Retrospective Analysis

Background:The number of patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) is increasing worldwide. Patients requiring MV are commonly managed in an intensive care unit (ICU); however, Japan is unique in that many of these patients are treated in non-ICU settings. The characteristics of these patients, nevertheless, are unknown. We sought to identify disease severity and MV settings of patients in non-ICU settings in Japan.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of Kinan Hospital and Owase General Hospital, where there are no ICUs or ICU physicians. Data for adult patients who required MV for more than 3 d from January through December 2018 in those hospitals were collected.Results:A total of 171 patients received MV; 29 patients were treated for more than 3 d. Of that subset, the mortality rate was 44.8% (13 patients). Thirteen patients survived to discharge, and three were transferred to a higher-level facility. The median age of patients treated for more than 3 d was 80 (72–84) years. The mean Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was 20.9 ± 8.1, and predicted mortality was 0.42 ± 0.25. Tidal volume per predicted body weight was 8.8 ± 2.1 mL/kg; set inspiratory time was 1.6 ± 0.3 sec. Preventable non-ICU death (patients who might have been saved if treated in an ICU setting), was 10.3%. Conclusions:The overall mortality of patients treated with MV in a non-ICU setting in the East Kishu area was not inferior to the mortality if they had been treated in an ICU; however, MV settings should be improved.
Effect of incorporation of boron nitride nanoparticles on the oxygen barrier and thermal properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)

In this study poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and boron nitride (PHBV/BN) nanobiocomposites were prepared by incorporating various percentages of boron nitride using extrusion processing. The oxygen permeation properties of the PHBV nanocomposites were examined to compare their oxygen-barrier performance as affected by temperature and nanoparticle content. The resulting PHBV nanocomposites showed an increase in oxygen permeability as temperature increased, with an Arrhenius behavior, and an activation energy of 54.1 kJ mol−1 and 57.5 kJ mol−1 for neat PHBV and PHBV3BN composites, respectively. The barrier properties of the composites decreased with BN addition and reached 1.22 ± 0.06 (cm3 mm m−2 per day per atm) at 3 wt%. Thermal stabilities of the prepared nanobiocomposites were measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and it was found that the thermal stability of the composites was higher than that of neat PHBV. The differential scanning calorimetry results indicated that the addition of BN nanoparticles to the composites increased their crystallinity.