Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of non-fatal burn injuries in children: evidence from Bangladesh Health and Injury Survey 2016

Background Burn is a major cause of childhood injury-related morbidity and mortality. Global estimates suggest that 90% of all cases occur in low-income and middle-income countries and over half of the disability-adjusted life-years are lost from fire-related burns in children. In Bangladesh, there is a scarcity of data on childhood burn injuries. The goal of the study was to describe the epidemiology of non-fatal burns in Bangladeshi children, including incidence estimates and identify high-risk groups. Methods Bangladesh Health and Injury Survey 2016 was a large scale cross-sectional survey. The survey was conducted among 299 216 population utilising a multistage cluster sampling method. Among the 100 842 children, there were 437 non-fatal burn cases. Results Among different injury mechanisms in children, burn was ranked fifth (7.4%). The overall yearly incidence rate (IR) of burns was 866.7 per 100 000 children (95% CI 785.6 to 947.8) in Bangladesh. The incidence was highest among 1–4 years old children (IR 2028.3, 95% CI 1761.1 to 2334.7) and had a 3.5 times higher risk of burns compared with the 15–17 years age group. Females had a much higher IR of non-fatal burns than males between the ages of 10–15 years (1655.2 vs 482.2). About 70% of burns occurred in rural areas. Hot liquid (44.7%), flames (32.5%) and hot objects (20.7%) were identified as the main causes of burns. The kitchen (60.9%), yards (20.8%) and bedroom and living room (10.5%) were the three most common places for burns. According to the study, 34.8% of burn incidences occurred between the hours of 7:00 and 10:00. Conclusion Children in Bangladesh suffer from a high rate of non-fatal burns. The high-risk category was identified as preschool-aged boys and adolescent girls. The majority of the incidents occurred in the morning and inside the kitchen. These findings will help raise awareness and create intervention measures to reduce the high incidence of non-fatal childhood burns in Bangladesh.
Long-term outcomes for patients treated for macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion: a systematic review

This systematic review assessed the long-term outcomes for patients treated with intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor or dexamethasone for macular oedema (MO) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Studies investigating patients of all ages with MO due to RVO only were included. The review was deliberately broad in scope, including comparative and non-comparative studies to ensure inclusion of real-world type evidence. Risk of bias was assessed. In total, 76 data sets were included (10 775 participants). Overall, mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from baseline to 5 years by 16.1 letters (p<0.01). BCVA improved from baseline in both central RVO (CRVO) and branch RVO (BRVOs) at 2 years, by 9.1 (p<0.01) (difference from baseline in CRVOs) and 9.1 (p<0.01) letters, respectively. At 5 years, BCVA improved from baseline in CRVOs by 15.6 letters and in BRVOs by 16.2; the difference between RVO types was not significant (p=0.18). Two studies had 5-year data for ranibizumab, and improvement was evident. There was no significant difference between outcomes in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) compared with non RCTs. These results suggest a benefit to receiving long-term intravitreal treatments for MO due to RVO.
MODEL OF STRENGTHENING ECONOMIC SECURITY THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS IN BORDERS OF STATES

The border of Sajingan, Indonesia, has wealthy resources as a strategic economic potential to support the regional economy. However, there are still indications of problems—one of them is how the area falls behind other regions. Financial security is more invested in increasing income and employment by understanding technology and knowledge skills. To achieve economic security, prosperity and to have equitable resource management, there should be an analysis of the strengthening of management accounting for Small and Medium Enterprises on the border of Sajingan, Indonesia. This study used a qualitative approach to design a strengthening of management accounting for Small and Medium Enterprises to realize economic security at the border of Sajingan, Indonesia. The study results found that strengthening Small and Medium Enterprise's management accounting embodies financial security in Sajingan, Indonesia border. The management includes management accounting through the Sajingan creative industry's potential, which has become a distinctive culture of the local community towards economic security and management accounting through managing business accelerators in supporting small and medium businesses.
A New Shared Nearest Neighbor Clustering Algorithm and its Applications

Clustering depends critically on density and distance (similarity), but these concepts become increasingly more difficult to define as dimensionality increases. In this paper we offer definitions of density and similarity that work well for high dimensional data (actually, for data of any dimensionality). In particular, we use a similarity measure that is based on the number of neighbors that two points share, and define the density of a point as the sum of the similarities of a point’s nearest neighbors. We then present a new clustering algorithm that is based on these ideas. This algorithm eliminates noise (low density points) and builds clusters by associating non-noise points with representative or core points (high density points). This approach handles many problems that traditionally plague clustering algorithms, e.g., finding clusters in the presence of noise and outliers and finding clusters in data that has clusters of different shapes, sizes, and density. We have used our clustering algorithm on a variety of high and low dimensional data sets with good results, but in this paper, we present only a couple of examples involving high dimensional data sets: word clustering and time series derived from NASA Earth science data.
Demand fluctuation in the fine dining restaurant industry: patterns, impacts, and management strategies (A case study in Phuket)

It is widely accepted that demand fluctuation has strong impacts on the management of restaurant operations. Because of demand variation, restaurant operators are faced with loss of sales, service quality deterioration leading to damaged reputation, unpredictable business performance and consequently cash flow problems. These issues have become increasingly significant and thus understanding the nature and impacts of demand fluctuation is essential to the management of restaurant business operations. In this study, the researchers empirically investigated patterns, impacts, and management strategies of demand fluctuation specifically on standalone fine dining restaurants in Phuket, Thailand. The study employed a qualitative method involving nineteen in-depth interviews with restaurant entrepreneurs and restaurant managers. The key results showed that patterns of demand fluctuation were slightly different between the restaurants located in Phuket Town and those located in beach front areas, but this reflected the different types of clients namely the locals and tourists. Furthermore, demand fluctuation leaded to different impacts on business. The operational cost became a major issue when the revenue dropped; follow by the awareness of raw material usage and the inconsistency in service delivery patterns. Therefore, it needed demand fluctuated management strategies to recover the instability of income. However, fine dining restaurants in Phuket commonly remained open for business during periods of low customers arriving and attempted to smooth the operation with intelligent enhancement strategies.
Analysis of Toxicity Pro le and Predictors of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Adverse Events

Rilan Bai Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Naifei Chen Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Xiao Chen Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Lingyu Li Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Wei Song Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Wei Li Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Yuguang Zhao Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Yongfei Zhang Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Fujun Han Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Zheng Lv Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China Jiuwei Cui (  cuijw@jlu.edu.cn ) Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6496-7550
Pattern Speeds in Barred Galaxies

The ratio 1Z of the corotation radius to the bar radius ranges from 1 to 1.8 in theoretical models that fit the observed dynamics of gas or stars in the bar and spiral regions of galaxies. Most models cluster around a ratio 1Z = 1.2 for early type galaxies. This ratio confirms the bar-aligned orbit theory long held by Contopoulos and others, which re quires that 1Z > 1, but it also suggests that bars do not end exactly at corotation, as is often assumed, but significantly inside. The difference between 1Z = 1 in the old interpretation and 1Z = 1.2 or 1.4 in the fit ted models is critical for our interpretation of bar-spiral morphologies. It appears that the bar-to-spiral transition in early Hubble types occurs be tween the inner 4:1 resonance and corotation, in the range corresponding to 1Z = 1.55 to 1 for a flat rotation curve, because of orbit stochastic-ity where the 2m : 1 orbits in the x\ family cluster together in space. Corotation then occurs relatively far out in the arms, at an angle from the bar end that may exceed 60° for tightly wrapped spirals. This posi tion sometimes corresponds to the crossing of a dust lane from inside the arms to outside (NGC 1300, NGC 1365) or to a spiral arm bifurcation as in non-barred galaxies. The relatively high value of 1Z is also consis tent with the identification of inner rings with the inner 4:1 resonance, outer rings with the outer Lindblad resonance, and offset bar dust lanes and nuclear rings with the inner Lindblad resonance. In contrast to this clear interpretation for early type galaxies, there is little consensus on the location of corotation in late type galaxies, which usually lack an inner Lindblad resonance interior to the bar. It is also not known whether late type spirals corotate
In silico Docking, ADME and Toxicity studies of Aryl Glyoxamide Derivatives as Anti-Virulence Agents

The expression of phenotypic characteristics in bacterial species is regulated by the signalling mechanism called quorum sensing (QS). In current scenario, the quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) have established themselves as attractive leads which can be exploited to overcome antimicrobial resistance exhibited by various pathogenic bacteria. Aryl glyoxamide derivatives belong to one such class among several chemical classes which are known to inhibit the quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa (MH602) and E. coli (MT102). These derivatives are mostly designed using amino acid esters and found to exhibit fairly good activity and can act as promising leads for QSIs. However, in the field of drug design, the optimization of lead compounds with their activity profile plays a very crucial role. Due to ever growing demand of lead optimization/modification, the use of in silico drug design techniques proves to be most economical and best high throughput screening methods. In present study, QSTR (Quantitative Structure Toxicity Relationship), pharmacokinetic profiling (ADMET) studies and molecular docking studies were carried out on 21 N-Aryl glyoxamide derivatives. The studies implied that these derivatives had less probability to show hepatotoxicity and found to have good oral absorption profile. QSTR (Quantitative Structure Toxicity Relationship) studies performed by using TOPKAT (Toxicity Prediction Komputer Assisted Technology), showed that the compounds devoid of nitro substitution are non-carcinogenic and possess least probability of producing carcinogenicity and mutagenicity among computational models. The molecular docking studies suggest that autodock Vina and gold scores are comparable in determining the biological activity of synthesized compounds. The results indicated that the aryl glyoxamide class of compounds has substantial potential which can be exploited for the development of lead optimization in the field of QSIs.
Knowledge Graph based Recommendation Techniques for Email Remarketing

—This paper presents the knowledge graph, a graph based information modelling technique. The method generalizes the concept of information sources and deﬁnes a hybridization technique at the information representation level. Depending on the amount of collaborative and content-based information available, the balance of the hybridization is also discussed. The principles of the deﬁned calculation methods, as generalization and transitivity facilitate the paradigm of relatedness. To evaluate the efﬁciency of the knowledge graph, graph based recommendation calculation techniques are deﬁned and evaluated in an email remarketing activity, a real-world recommendation scenario. The results show that the spreading activation based recommendation technique is capable to increase the performance of the remarketing task.
INDIVIDUAL AND COMBINED EFFECTS OF NATURAL ENEMIES ON AMPHIBIAN COMMUNITIES

Author: DeBlieux, Turner S. MS Institution: Purdue University Degree Received: December 2018 Title: Individual and Combined Effects of Natural Enemies on Amphibian Communities Committee Chair: Dr. Jason Hoverman Natural enemy ecology strives to integrate the fields of disease ecology and community ecology to forge a broader understanding of how pathogens and predators structure communities. To advance this field, we need a greater emphasis on: 1) quantifying pathogen-mediated effects on community structure and comparing these effects to those observed with predators and 2) determining the interactive effects of combined natural enemies on communities. I conducted a mesocosm experiment designed to assess the individual and combined effects of predators (dragonfly larvae and adult water bugs) and a pathogen (ranavirus) on a larval amphibian community. Additionally, I conducted laboratory experiments to assess whether ranavirus exposure increases the vulnerability of tadpoles to predation. In my laboratory experiments, I found that virus exposure increased predation rates with dragonflies, but not water bugs. For tadpoles in the dragonfly treatments, the probability of survival for virus-exposed tadpoles was 6677% lower compared to unexposed tadpoles. This data suggests that predators may selectively remove infected individuals from the population, which can enhance the magnitude of the healthy herds effect. I found that the risk level of the predators largely explained effects on the community. For instance, high-risk dragonflies reduce overall survival to 30% whereas low-risk water bugs only reduced survival to 67%. Additionally, I found that virus reduce survival to 62%, which was comparable to effect of the low-risk predator. Interestingly, all three natural enemies influenced community structure (i.e. species relative abundance) in unique ways. These results demonstrate that pathogens can have effects similar to predators on communities, and that natural enemy identity is important when considering impacts on community structure. When predators were combined with the virus, I found that mortality was relatively unchanged from the predator-only treatments suggesting less than additive effects of combined natural enemies. This result was driven by the healthy herds effect; the presence of dragonflies reduced overall infection prevalence in the community to 7% compared to 30% in the virus-only treatment. This effect was observed
Rowlands, Martin and Forward, Daren P. and Sahota, Opinder and Moppett, Iain K. (2013) The effect of intravenous iron on postoperative transfusion requirements in hip fracture patients: study

Background: Anaemia following hip fracture is common. Approximately 30 to 45% of patients have haemoglobin concentrations below population norms on admission, and around 10% are severely anaemic. Anaemia on admission, and in the postoperative period, is associated with poor outcomes with regard to mobility, postoperative mortality and readmission. There is currently no clear consensus on the optimal method of managing perioperative anaemia in this group of frail patients with frequent comorbidity. Liberal red cell transfusion in the postoperative period does not appear to improve outcome, whereas tranexamic acid appears to reduce transfusion rate at the expense of increased cardiovascular morbidity. There are encouraging results from one centre with the use of agents to stimulate red cell production, including intravenous iron and erythropoietin. UK practice differs significantly from these patients and these studies, and it is not clear whether these promising results will translate to the UK population. Methods/Design: This is a single-centre randomized controlled parallel group trial, in a British university hospital. Randomization is achieved using a website and computer-generated concealed tables. Participants are 80 patients 70 years or over with acute hip fracture undergoing operative repair. The intervention group receive three daily infusions of 200 mg iron sucrose, starting within 24 hours of admission. The control group receive standard hospital care at the discretion of the clinical team. Red cell transfusions for each group are given in accordance with standard clinical triggers. The primary outcome is an increase in mean reticulocyte count in the intervention group at day 7. Secondary outcome measures include haemoglobin concentrations, early and late transfusion rates, infectious and cardiovascular complications, mobility and 30-day mortality. Discussion: This is a pilot study to demonstrate haematopoietic efficacy of intravenous iron in this setting. Hence, we have chosen to measure change in reticulocyte count rather than the more clinically relevant differences in haemoglobin concentration or transfusion rate. If our results are positive, the study will provide the necessary information for development of a full-scale trial of intravenous iron. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN76424792; UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Authority (EuDRACT: 2011-003233-34).
Chaitinnumbers, Solovay machines, and G%odel incompleteness

Computably enumerable (c.e.) reals can be coded by Chaitin machines through their halting probabilities. Tuning Solovay’s construction of a Chaitin universal machine for which ZFC (if arithmetically sound) cannot determine any single bit of the binary expansion of its halting probability, we show that every c.e. random real is the halting probability of a universal Chaitin machine for which ZFC cannot determine more than its initial block of 1 bits—as soon as you get a 0, it is all over. Finally, a constructive version of Chaitin information-theoretic incompleteness theorem is proven. c 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Taking Leave During Residency

Abstract There is limited literature examining the reasons physical medicine and rehabilitation residents take an extended leave of absence during residency and the impact of leave on board examination performance. Such information could better inform leave policies, help guide residency program directors, and potentially destigmatize taking leave. Study objectives were to describe the characteristics of physical medicine and rehabilitation residents who take leave during residency, compare differences in part I (written) and part II (oral) certification examination performance, and determine the prevalence of delays in taking board examinations. Study methodology was a retrospective analysis of deidentified information from the American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation database between 2008 and 2020. Results indicated four reasons for extended leave of absence: medical, parental, academic/remediation, and unspecified personal reasons. Residents who took an extended leave of absence for medical or parental reasons had similar or better odds of passing their part I and part II examinations compared with those without leave. Residents who took leave for academic/remediation concerns or unspecified personal reasons had lower odds of passing their board examinations. Examination delays for those taking parental or personal health leaves did not affect board pass rates. Further investigation is needed to identify how to support residents on academic/remediation and unspecified leaves during training.
Unique case of posttraumatic atrophic proximal ulnar nonunion in a child: a review of the literature with case report

INTRODUCTION The authors examined a previously unreported case of the posttraumatic atrophic proximal ulna pseudoarthrosis in a child. Very few published studies exist about posttraumatic nonunions of forearm bones in children. In available literature, the authors found the ulna’s middle shaft to be the most common site of pediatric forearm nonunions, less so the distal ulna, and they found only one case of proximal ulna. Furthermore, almost all of the reported nonunions were hypertrophic types, with very few oligotrophic types and not one atrophic type. Thus, they believe this could be the first case of pediatric atrophic pseudoarthrosis of the proximal ulna after a fracture to be presented. Since the proximal ulna has good blood supply, it is not expected to be the site of avascular nonunion, especially in the absence of the risk factors, such as excessive surgical periosteal stripping, infection, and host factors. In the absence of those risk factors, the patient nevertheless acquired atrophic pseudoarthrosis, a type of nonunion that is generally accepted to be avascular, which is highly unlikely in this case. Although atrophic ulnar pseudoarthrosis may be associated with neurofibromatosis type I, that was not the case here. Written informed consent was obtained from a legally authorized representative for anonymized patient information and images published in this article. Institutional review board approval was not required for this anonymous case report.
Decay of Neutral Pions

The proper mean life of the neutral pion is measured by a new method which utilizes a large relativistic time dilation. Negative pions of 3 5 Bev were permitted to make interactions in K. 5 nuclear emulsion. High-energy neutral pions from some 2, 000 interaction stars were observed when they decayed by the balitz mode1 The: distaes: 'from the star centers at which they decayed were accurately measurable. The momentum spectrum of the neutral plons was assumed to be the same as that of the charged pionø produced in the same interactions. Angular distributions of the secondary charged and neutral pions are presented separately. The mean tranverse momentum of the, charged 1 plans was measured and found to be 25010 Mev/c. the first phase of a study of neutral plans produced by negative in emulsion.