Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth, mortality and yield per recruit of the king soldier bream Argyrops spinifer (Sparidae) from the Oman coast of the Arabian Sea

The King soldier bream Argyrops spinifer at Arabian Sea (Omani waters) was assessed using Beverton and Holt yield per recruit model. A total of 5520 specimens were collected during five trawl surveys between September 2007 and August 2008. The maximum life span was 11 years for length range of 11.0 – 62.1 cm TL. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were K = 0.22 year -1 , L ∞ = 65.51 cm, t o = -0.75 year and W ∞ = 5430g. The rates of total mortality Z, natural mortality M and fishing mortality F were 0.85, 0.26 and 0.59 year -1 respectively. The exploitation ratio E was 0.69 indicating the high level of exploitation. The estimated total length at 50% maturity was 31.8 cm. Yield per recruit analysis revealed over-fished stock conditions particularly because small fish are effectively unprotected by current minimum size regulations. Therefore measures such as closed seasons or changes in fishing patterns would be desirable to safeguard the spawning stock and recruits. Also, the commercial fishery of Arabian Sea, Oman should be subjected to a total allowable catch and a maximum size limit be implemented. et al . , Growth, mortality and yield per recruit of.
ICT-based of investment decision and method evaluation in hospitality sector

This study aims to determine the feasibility of IT investment in hospitality and determine the value and tangible/intangible benefits from IT implementation. Problem arises from high investment without knowing the real impact and future investment to IT development. The scope of this research is information technology investment in 5-star hotel in Jakarta. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to the research samples, are Grand Hyatt Hotel, Mandarin Oriental Hotel and Ayana Midplaza Hotel Jakarta. The analysis uses Cost Benefit Analysis that combines financially and non-financial calculations to determine the feasibility of IT investment and the benefits of IT for 5-star hotels in Jakarta. From the analysis result, it can be concluded that 5-star hotel in Jakarta is feasible to make IT investment according to NPV, ROI, and Payback period calculation and IT investment in 5-star hotel is quite beneficial for hotel business process.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPEDIC TRAUMA IN A DISTRICT HOSPITAL IN MIZORAM, INDIA

Background and Objective: The objective of the study was to document the epidemiological patterns of significant pediatric orthopedic trauma in a district hospital in Mizoram, India. The information so collected may be used as baseline data in health-care planning and resource mobilization in areas where workforce and resources are limited, especially in the orthopedic specialty. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 570 pediatric age group patients, attending accident and emergency services at district level hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 was done. Significant traumatic orthopedic trauma, defined as fractures, dislocations, and ligaments injuries for this study, was taken into account. Record was analyzed for age, sex, type, and mode of injuries and seasonal variations. Results: A total of 431 (75.61%) patients attending orthopedics emergency had significant trauma. This accounted for 23.68% of all orthopedics emergency cases in a calendar year. The male-to-female ratio was 2.75:1 and injuries were predominantly high in 5–8 years of age. Injury pattern is similar to other reported series while the mode of injuries is significantly different from those in Western world. Conclusion: Pediatric orthopedic traumas do well with early intervention. Proper referral system is the need of the hour. Supportive health-care policy and decision-making based on epidemiological trends of injuries would result in favorable outcome of such management.
Improving High-Impact Numerical Weather Prediction with Lidar and Drone Observations

The current atmospheric observing systems fail to provide a satisfactory amount of spatially and temporally resolved observations of temperature and humidity in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) despite their potential positive impact on numerical weather prediction (NWP). This is particularly critical for humidity, which exhibits a very high variability in space and time or for the vertical distribution of temperature, determining the atmosphere’s stability. Novel ground-based lidar remote sensing technologies and in situ measurements from unmanned aerial vehicles can fill this observational gap, but operational maturity was so far lacking. Only recently, commercial lidar systems for temperature and humidity profiling in the lower troposphere and automated observations on board of drones have become available. Raman lidar can provide profiles of temperature and humidity with high temporal and vertical resolution in the troposphere. Drones can provide high-quality in situ observations of various meteorological variables with high temporal and vertical resolution, but flights are complicated in high-wind situations, icing conditions, and can be restricted by aviation activity. Both observation systems have shown to considerably improve analyses and forecasts of high-impact weather, such as thunderstorms and fog in an operational, convective-scale NWP framework. The results of this study demonstrate the necessity for and the value of additional, high-frequency PBL observations for NWP and how lidar and drone observations can fill the gap in the current operational observing system.
Residual herbicide concentrations in on‐farm water storage–tailwater recovery systems: Preliminary assessment

On‐farm water storage–tailwater recovery systems reduce groundwater usage and intercept agrochemical loads, but pesticide residue dynamics in these systems are not well understood. This study monitored concentrations of seven herbicides in seven northeast Arkansas tailwater recovery systems (April 2017–March 2018). Clomazone, glyphosate, metolachlor, and quinclorac were frequently detected, with minimal detections of 2,4‐D, dicamba, and propanil. Concentrations peaked during the growing season (1 Apr.–15 Sept.), reflecting an interaction of application and precipitation. Clomazone, glyphosate, and quinclorac concentrations were greater in ditches (<0.80–67, <0.50–6.2, and <0.40–62 μg L−1, respectively) than in the associated reservoir (<0.80–6.0, <0.50–4.1, and <0.40–6.0 μg L−1, respectively), but metolachlor concentrations were not different between structure types (maximum 22–32 μg L−1). Off‐season concentrations were mostly below detection, except for quinclorac. Cycling recovered tailwater through the system and irrigating from reservoirs may minimize risk of cross‐crop contaminations with residual herbicides. Managed groundwater recharge should use reservoir water during winter to protect groundwater quality.
Assessment of hygienic quality of haylage fed to healthy horses

Wrapped forages such as haylage and silage are increasing in popularity in equine feed rations, but knowledge of their microbial composition, especially of haylage, is scarce. Haylage may be more at risk of mould growth compared to silage, and methods for the assessment of hygienic quality of haylage are needed. Varying culturing conditions, including aerobic/anaerobic incubation, four substrates and three incubation temperatures were therefore evaluated for analysis of fungi in haylage samples from eighteen horse farms, taken on two occasions (autumn and the following spring). Average mould counts in forage samples were low, but fungi with the potential for producing mycotoxins, such as Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium spp. , were present. The microbial composition and content of fermentation products were similar in haylage samples taken in autumn and in spring. The type of substrate used for cultivation did not influence mould or yeast counts, but not all mould species were present on all substrates. Incubation temperature influenced fungal counts and the presence of mould species. By using at least two substrates (malt extract agar and dichloran 18% glycerol agar) and two incubation temperatures (25 and 37°C), all mould species/genera that were identified in this study could be detected.
Mathematical modelling of soybean oil solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide

Summary The solubility of soybean oil in supercritical carbon dioxide has been determined in the pressure range of 100–300 bar and in the temperature range of 313–323 K. The obtained values (from 0.0005 to 0.02055 g L−1) have been correlated using four different empirical equations proposed correspondingly by Chrastil, del Valle and Aquilera, Adachi and Lu and Sparks et al. Since the Sparks et al. equation provided the lowest average absolute relative deviation (AARD) (10.25%) than other models in the examined experimental range, a modified equation of Sparks et al. model was developed for predicting the solubility of soybean oil in supercritical carbon dioxide as a function of temperature and density. An improved equation showed the lowest deviation (2.15%) between experimental data than the other empirical equations considered in this study. The proposed equation was also applied for correlating the solubility of linoleic acid (AARD was 2.40%).
The top three unanswered questions in the management of open fractures

Abstract Despite improvements in treatment strategies and emphasis on preventative measures, the management of open fractures continues to be a challenging endeavor for orthopaedic surgeons. Deep infections, delayed healing, and nonunion continue to be problematic complications associated with these devastating injuries. There remain many unanswered clinical questions regarding the management of these injuries and how the various aspects of care can be further optimized. There continues to be a paucity of evidence regarding how infection can best be treated and prevented, how to reliability predict bone healing/nonunion, and how bone healing can be best augmented in the setting of open fractures and their potential nonunions. This review aims to assess the current literature on these top unanswered questions and discuss the gaps in evidence that may be filled with future studies.
Microbial adaptations towards utilisation of the explosive RDX in soil

Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) is a synthetic toxic explosive compound which was introduced into the environment during the Second World War. Microorganisms have adapted to degrade RDX and the enzymes involved include an unusual cytochrome P450, termed XplA, that is N-terminally-fused to a flavodoxin domain, and a flavodoxin reductase partner, XplB. To discover new RDX-degrading enzymes, selective enrichments were performed on explosive-contaminated soil samples from the United Kingdom, Belgium, Germany, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Moldova. Thirteen RDX-degrading bacteria were isolated and all identified as Rhodococcus spp. The xplA gene was identified in all isolates and TNT found to inhibit RDX-degradation. The evolutionary origin of xplA was analysed in eleven aerobic RDX-degrading bacteria belonging to four different genera: Rhodococcus spp. , Microbacterium, Gordonia and Williamsia. Only six single nucleotide polymorphisms were found in the xplA/xplB region, emphasising the recent evolution of these genes. Additionally, genes flanking xplA/xplB were nearly identical between the four genera and together comprise a genomic island approximately 36 kbp in size which has been transmitted horizontally within a transposable element. In Gordonia sp. KTR9 several gene re-arrangements were found on the xplA/xplB-containing plasmid, including the fusion of xplB to glnA. The XplB portion of the fusion was found to be inactive due to a serine to tryptophan substitution, whereas the GS portion, encoded by glnA, has activity, despite missing 15 % of the C-terminal region. Finally, the evolutionary origin of xplA was investigated by characterising three putative cytochromes P450: Gt-XplA from Gordonia terrae strain NBRC 100016; and CYPA and CYPB from Gordonia polyisoprenivorans NBRC 16320. Although purified Gt-XplA, CYPA and CYPB did not have activity towards RDX, activity was detected following the substitution of amino acids into the putative active site of GT-XplA and truncated-CYPA.
Chemical Components of Korean Paprika According to Cultivars

The chemical components of Korean paprika according to cultivars were investigated and analyzed to provide basic data for food materialization and processing. Nitrogen free extract contents of President, Special and Fiesta were 6.64, 6.22 and respectively. The contents of crude lipid and crude fiber in the Special, President and Fiesta were similar. Mineral components of paprika were rich in . Among the cultivars of paprika, K content had a slightly higher level in the President than those of Special and Fiesta. The major free Sugars of paprika were glucose and fructose, respectively. The contents of total amino acids in paprika were in the Special, in the President and in the Fiesta. The major amino acids in the paprika were lysine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid Abundant organic acids of paprika were tartaric , succinic and malic acids . Eight fatty acids in paprika were identified and the major fatty acids were stearic and linoleic acids . The contents of ascorbic acid in paprika were in the Special, in the President and in the Fiesta. Total phenolics and carotenoid contents were higher in President cultivar than any other cultivars.
On the mechanism of α‐amylase

Two inhibitors, acarbose and cyclodextrins (CD), were used to investigate the active site structure and function of barley α-amylase isozymes, AMY1 and AMY2. The hydrolysis of DP 4900-amylose, reduced (r) DP18-maltodextrin and maltoheptaose (catalysed by AMY1 and AMY2) was followed in the absence and in the presence of inhibitor. Without inhibitor, the highest activity was obtained with amylose, kcat/Km decreased 103-fold using rDP18-maltodextrin and 105 to 106-fold using maltoheptaose as substrate. Acarbose is an uncompetitive inhibitor with inhibition constant (L1i) for amylose and maltodextrin in the micromolar range. Acarbose did not bind to the active site of the enzyme, but to a secondary site to give an abortive ESI complex. Only AMY2 has a second secondary binding site corresponding to an ESI2 complex. In contrast, acarbose is a mixed noncompetitive inhibitor of maltoheptaose hydrolysis. Consequently, in the presence of this oligosaccharide substrate, acarbose bound both to the active site and to a secondary binding site. α-CD inhibited the AMY1 and AMY2 catalysed hydrolysis of amylose, but was a very weak inhibitor compared to acarbose. β- and γ-CD are not inhibitors. These results are different from those obtained previously with PPA. However in AMY1, as already shown for amylases of animal and bacterial origin, in addition to the active site, one secondary carbohydrate binding site (s1) was necessary for activity whereas two secondary sites (s1 and s2) were required for the AMY2 activity. The first secondary site in both AMY1 and AMY2 was only functional when substrate was bound in the active site. This appears to be a general feature of the α-amylase family.
STANDARDIZED ILEAL DIGESTIBLE TRYPTOPHAN TO LYSINE RATIOS IN GROWING PIGS FED U.S. TYPE AND NON U.S. TYPE FEEDSTUFFS

OF THESIS STANDARDIZED ILEAL DIGESTIBLE TRYPTOPHAN TO LYSINE RATIOS IN GROWING PIGS FED U.S.–TYPE AND NON–U.S.–TYPE FEEDSTUFFS The objective of these studies was to determine the optimum standardized ileal digestible tryptophan to lysine (SID Trp:Lys) ratio for growing pigs fed both U.S.–type (corn–soybean meal) and non–U.S.–type (wheat–barley) diets. When feeding U.S.–type diets, average daily gain (ADG) and plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) concentrations improved as SID Trp:Lys ratios increased, yielding optimum ratios of 15.32% (P<0.001) and 15.25% (P<0.001), respectively. Averaging these resulted in an optimum SID Trp:Lys ratio of 15.29%. In non–U.S.–type diets, feeding increasing SID Trp:Lys ratios improved ADG and PUN, displaying optima of 15.99% (P=0.048) and 15.29% (P=0.054), respectively. This produced an average optimum SID Trp:Lys ratio of 15.64%. The final study included the other dietary essential amino acids (EAA) at a higher level, and ADG and PUN improved as SID Trp:Lys ratios increased, yielding optima of 17.93% (P<0.001) and 16.17% (P=0.009). This averaged to an optimum SID Trp:Lys ratio of 17.05%. Overall, diet composition did not affect the Trp:Lys requirement of growing pigs, however, feeding the other EAA at higher levels resulted in a higher estimated optimum SID Trp:Lys ratio. The optimum SID Trp:Lys ratio is estimated to lie between 15.29% and 17.05%
Variance Decomposition of Dividend Policy at Three Levels

Dividend is an unresolved puzzle in corporate finance and present study attempted to resolve this puzzle by testing the impact of industry, firm, and firm year on dividend policy. The study applied the variance decomposition technique in order to investigate the variance in dividend payout ratios at firm year, firm, and industry level. Study used conveniently sampled data of 57 non-financial firms from 2005 to 2017. The study revealed that at firm and firm year level dividend payout ratios are varied significantly in Pakistan. However, the study found insignificant variation at industry level (measuring by dividend to cash flow and sale ratios) in dividend payout ratios. The study provides important evidence to the stakeholders about the relation of dividend policy and firm year, industry, and firm. The investors and managements need to consider the impact of firm year on dividend policy while formulating dividend policy of the Pakistani firms. Furthermore, the study adds significant contribution to the existing literature by clarifying the three important determinants of dividend policy with respect to their contribution in Pakistan. amortization (EBITDA), dividend to market capitalization, dividend to net income, and dividend to sales. This study has empirically examined the variance decomposition of dividend policy on the three levels i.e., Industry, firm and firm year levels of Pakistan stock market using data of 57 non-financial firms from 2005 to 2017. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was applied to determine the variance decomposition in dividend policies at firm, firm-year, and industry level. The study reveals that at firm and firm year level dividend payout ratios are varied significantly in Pakistan. However, the study found insignificant variation at industry level (measuring by dividend to cash flow and sale ratios) in dividend payout ratios. As the dividend policy has its stylized pattern at industry level and moreover, the dividend payout ratio depends upon the size of the company, so the results are consistent with the elaborated pattern.
Influence of multidecadal variability on high and low flows: the case of the Seine basin

Abstract. The multidecadal hydroclimate variations of the Seine basin since the 1850s are investigated. Given the scarcity of long-term hydrological observations, a hydrometeorological reconstruction is developed based on hydrological modeling and a method that combines the results of a downscaled long-term atmospheric reanalysis and local observations of precipitation and temperature. This method improves previous attempts and provides a realistic representation of daily and monthly river flows. This new hydrometeorological reconstruction, available over more than 150 years while maintaining fine spatial and temporal resolutions, provides a tool to improve our understanding of the multidecadal hydrological variability in the Seine basin, as well as its influence on high and low flows. This long-term reconstruction allows analysis of the strong multidecadal variations of the Seine river flows. The main hydrological mechanisms at the origin of these variations are highlighted. Spring precipitation plays a central role by directly influencing not only the multidecadal variability in spring flows but also soil moisture and groundwater recharge, which then regulate summer river flows. These multidecadal hydroclimate variations in the Seine basin are driven by anomalies in large-scale atmospheric circulation, which themselves appear to be influenced by sea surface temperature anomalies over the North Atlantic and the North Pacific. The multidecadal hydroclimate variations also influence high and low flows over the last 150 years. The analysis of two particularly severe historical droughts, the 1921 and the 1949 events, illustrates how long-term hydroclimate variations may impact short-term drought events, particularly through groundwater–river exchanges. The multidecadal hydroclimate variations described in this study, probably of internal origin, could play an important role in the evolution of water resources in the Seine basin in the coming decades. It is therefore essential to take the associated uncertainties into account in future projections.
Interpreting the local field potential as a reflection of cooperative neuronal spiking dynamics

Extracellular spiking activity and local field potentials (LFP) were recorded via tetrodes at the output of the antennal lobe in the honeybee brain during olfactory conditioning. Odors induce reliable rate responses which consist of either odor-unspecific phasic-tonic responses, or complex responses with odor-specific temporal profiles. In addition, odors evoke consistent responses of LFP oscillations in the 50 Hz band during the phasic ON response to odor stimulation, and variable LFP responses at other frequency bands during the sustained response. A principle component analysis of the ensemble activity during differential conditioning consistently indicates the largest changes in response to the learned odor (CS+). Relative LFP power increases for CS+ in the 15-40 Hz frequency band during the sustained response, and decreases for frequencies above 45 Hz. To quantify the relationship between these population responses given by the ensemble spiking activity and LFP, we show that for CS+ the learningrelated changes in the degree of the phase-locked spiking activity correlate with the power changes in the corresponding frequency bands. Our results indicate associative plasticity in the antennal lobe of the bee leading to both enhancement and decrease of neuronal response rates. LFP power changes and the related changes in the correlation between spike and LFP serve as further evidence for a learning-induced restructuring of temporal ensemble representations. The observed changes appear to decorrelate 1 CHAPTER 2. LFP AS A MONITOR OF NEURONAL ACTIVITY 26
Lithium‐ion battery SOC/SOH adaptive estimation via simplified single particle model

Compared with battery Equivalent Circuit Models (ECM), Single Particle Model (SPM) has more appropriate physics representation and higher accuracy theoretically. However, SPM‐based parameter estimation performance is restricted by the SPM model complexities. In this paper, a simplified SPM and its corresponding adaptive State of Charge (SOC)/State of Health (SOH) estimation scheme are studied. First, the SPM is simplified from Partial Differential Equation (PDE) to Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) for a trade‐off between model complexity and consistency. Second, an adaptive model observer is proposed to estimate battery parameters, which include a SOC state implying normalized lithium‐ion concentration, and a SOH parameter implying the maximum lithium‐ion surface concentration, both in the solid surface phase. Because the ODE‐based adaptive parameter estimation is capable of avoiding complex identification procedures, this new approach can be implemented in practical applications with high accuracy. Through massive simulation scenarios, the proposed SPM model is validated based on comparison between ODE SPM and PDE SPM, as well as Benchmark Validation. Finally, both simulation and experiment demonstrate the effectiveness of the simplified SPM and the superiority of the proposed SOC/SOH estimation scheme.