Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Makawanpur District, Central Nepal: Trade Scenario, Issues and Challenges

Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) are one of the most important components of non-timber forest products. This study aims to assess the collection, cultivation and harvesting, processing and trade scenario in Makawanpur district. Information gathered from the field visit to the study area, focus group discussion, key informant interviews and relevant literature were analyzed. In addition to the multiple subsistence uses of MAPs, some 30 species were also having trade value. Major MAPs species were collected from the wild whereas a few species like Asparagus, Cinnamomum, Myrsine, etc. were practiced for cultivation. Most of the MAPs were traded mainly to the Indian market without or just following a simple value addition. Except for Taxus and Berberis, none of the species was used for processing at the commercial level. The trade scenario showed a decreasing trend in both volume and value in the last few years. The unpredictable fluctuation in the market price of the products, the trader-controlled market and quality of the product, the weak bargaining power of the producer and disease and pest were found to be the major challenges faced by the local farmers.
Strengthening Consumer Experience In Digital Economy Development

The development of the digital economy requires strengthening the consumer experience. This research was conducted by examining the relationship between digital economy security when shopping on ecommerce, output quality, customer utility, and the intention to recommend ecommerce to others. The survey was conducted at one of the ecommerce sites in Indonesia, namely Shopee, to test the above relationship and as many as 225 Shopee consumers were involved in the survey. The data collection method used in the study was to distribute questionnaires directly to the respondents. The collected data was then analyzed with a structural equation model. The results of the analysis show that digital economy security when shopping on ecommerce and output quality has a positive and significant effect on customer utility. Furthermore, customer utility has a significant positive effect on consumer recommendations. The results of this analysis indicate that ecommerce must always maintain transaction security and the quality of the output offered so as to provide utility to customers. This utility is important for the development of ecommerce because it encourages customers to recommend the ecommerce to other consumers.
Digestibility and Palatability of the Diet and Intestinal Functionality of Dogs Fed a Blend of Yeast Cell Wall and Oregano Essential Oil

Simple Summary Prebiotics and essential oils are some of the feed additives that can be added to pet food, individually or in combination. These additives can exert important properties on the animal, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, as well as modulation of gut microbiota. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the combined effects of yeast cell wall and oregano essential oil on nutrient digestibility, diet palatability, intestinal fermentation products, and fecal microbiota in dogs. The addition of the blend with yeast cell wall and oregano essential oil to the dog’s diet reduced the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and the intake ratio compared to the control diet, modulated fecal microorganisms considered beneficial, caused greater bacterial diversity, and lowered histamine, phenol, and ammonia concentrations. Abstract Feed additives, such as prebiotics and essential oils, are used in pet foods and can affect digestibility, palatability, and intestinal functionality of dogs. The combined effects of yeast cell wall and oregano essential oil on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and palatability of diet, intestinal fermentation products, and fecal microbiota in dogs were analyzed. Eighteen adult dogs were fed for 20 days with three dry extruded diets for adult dogs: control (without the additive), a diet containing 1.5 kg/ton of yeast cell wall and oregano essential oil (1.5YCO), and a diet containing 3.0 kg/ton of yeast cell wall and oregano essential oil (3.0YCO). The inclusion of both levels of YCO reduced the intake ratio. The addition of 3.0YCO reduced the ATTD of dry matter, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There were greater putrescine and cadaverine concentrations and lower histamine and ammonia (p < 0.05) in the feces of dogs fed 3.0YCO. In addition, fecal odor of dogs fed YCO was less fetid than the control group (p < 0.05). There was greater fecal bacterial diversity in dogs fed with both dietary concentrations of YCO evaluated (p < 0.05). Dogs fed 1.5YCO and 3.0YCO showed higher relative abundance of Blautia and Faecalibacterium and lower abundance of Streptococcus (p < 0.05) in the feces, in comparison to the control group. Given the modulation of microorganisms considered beneficial and the lower fecal concentrations of histamine, phenols, and ammonia, the YCO blend resulted in indicators of improvement of intestinal functionality in dogs.
Aplicação de sistemas de informação geográfica (SIG) a estudos na zona costeira Application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) on coastal zone studies

A representacao dos elementos/objectos da superficie terrestre em mapas, constitui desde ha longa data um importante factor de desenvolvimento das sociedades, alargando a capacidade de visualizacao e tomada de decisao do espaco geografico. A representacao classica dos elementos/objectos geograficos e apresentada a duas dimensoes, onde os conteudos tematicos por vezes apresentam conflitos de legibilidade e de compreensao. Deste modo os sistemas geograficos digitais dinâmicos como os Sistemas de Informacao Geografica (SIG) tem um papel fundamental na resolucao desses problemas alargando a capacidade de visualizacao, ampliando tambem significativamente o poder de decisao. Assim os SIG assumem um papel importante na monitorizacao e previsao de cenarios, em especial em zonas costeiras de elevada dinâmica, visto permitirem o armazenamento, a integracao, a manipulacao e a analise de diversos tipos de dados, possibilitando a quantificacao de indicadores de vulnerabilidade e de risco. O principal objectivo deste trabalho e a apresentacao de exemplos praticos da aplicacao dos SIG na zona costeira, atraves de cinco estudos realizados: analise da morfologia dos fundos no Porto de Leixoes, concepcao do quebramar destacado da praia da Aguda, quantificacao do recuo da linha de costa (concelhos de Espinho e Ovar), analise da implantacao de uma duna artificial (Costa Nova/Vagueira/Praia de Mira) e reabilitacao de obras de defesa costeira (Cova do Vapor/Costa da Caparica).
The (inter)visual politics of border security: Co-constituting gender and race through Frontex’s Risk Analysis

Visuals, including photographs and data visualizations, play a crucial role in the politics of EU border security, both as an internal governance tool (e.g. in surveillance) and as an external means of communication/representation (e.g. in photojournalism). Combining scholarship on photographic representations of migration with literature on surveillance technologies and data visualizations, we argue that these visuals interact to reproduce gendered and racialized meanings of migration and border security. Using a feminist postcolonial lens, we develop an intervisual framework for studying how processes of gendering and racialization render subjects, practices and spaces knowable at the intersection between these visuals. We apply this framework to a case study of Frontex’s Risk Analysis Reports (2010–2021) and demonstrate how it is applicable to other security institutions. The intervisual analysis reveals how the migrant Other and (white) European are visually reproduced through: 1) the (in)visibilization of bodies; 2) the ascription and denial of agency; and 3) the spatialization of borders as ‘frontier imaginings’ that oscillate between fortification and expansionism. The intersectional co-constitution of gender and race, we conclude, is central to the visual politics of Frontex, contributing to problematizing migrants and migration and legitimizing violent border practices.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ON INFANTS AGED 0-24 MONTHS WITH A HISTORY OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (LBW) IN DR. SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL SURABAYA

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is the baby's condition with a birth weight of <2500 grams. Babies with LBW tend to have the body not strong as normal babies, so growth or development disorders are often obtained. The condition ensues because the immaturity of some organs will affect the growth and development. Monitoring growth and development through the growth chart and the Denver II. Age 0-24 represents a critical period so that the time is right for the early detection of disorders. Aims: Determine growth according to W/A, H/A, W/H, and HC/A and development according to personal-social, fine motor, language, and gross motor. LBW infants aged 0-24 months Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Methods: Quantitative research using descriptive-analytic study and retrospective approach with a cross-sectional method. The sample was 81 babies who used a total population sampling technique with the medical record. Data processing used univariate and bivariate analysis chi-square. Results: The development dominated by delays measured using 4 domain (personal-social(59.3%), fine motor skills(61.7%), language(66.7%), and gross motor skills(85.2%)). Growth dominated by normal and above based on H/A(60.5%), W/H(55.6%), and H/A(50.6%); except W/A dominated below normal (55.6%). There was no relation between LBW with growth and development based on all domains, except personal-social domains. Conclusion: This study may prove that not all babies with LBW have growth disorder seen from all domains and the development dominate by delay on all domains. There is no relation between LBW with all domains of growth and development except personal-social.
Is melancholia a distinct syndrome? Recurrence, chronicity, and severity give evidence in the 50 year follow-up of the Lundby Study

Introduction Whether melancholia is a distinct syndrome has long been debated. One aspect of a valid syndrome is whether it allows for determination of a prognosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the course of melancholic depression versus non-melancholic depression with a focus on: (i) time to and probability of recovery from the first depressive episode, (ii) time to and risk of the first recurrence, (iii) rate of recurrence, (iv) time with depression or antidepressant medication, and (v) suicide risk. Methods The Lundby Study is a longitudinal community study on mental health that followed a geographically defined population (N = 3,563) for up to 50 years, 1947–1997. Subjects with first onset depression were assessed as melancholic (N = 46) or non-melancholic (N = 381) using the DSM-IV melancholic specifier. These diagnoses were made in retrospect using all available information from semi-structured interviews by psychiatrists, key informants, registers, and patient records. Results We found no significant difference between melancholic- and non-melancholic depression in time to and probability of recovery from the first depressive episode. The time to first recurrence was shorter in melancholic than in non-melancholic depression and the risk of first recurrence for the melancholic group was 2.77 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.83–4.20) times the risk in the non-melancholic group. The median rate of recurrence was higher in the melancholic group, at 0.19 recurrences per year at risk (interquartile range [IQR] 0.08–0.47), compared to the non-melancholic group, at 0.10 recurrences per year at risk (IQR 0.05–0.21) (p < 0.03). The median percentage of time being depressed or on antidepressant medication was higher in the melancholic group, 17% (IQR 3–20%), compared to the non-melancholic group, 8% (IQR 7–33%) (p < 0.001). The risk of suicide was higher in the melancholic group, hazard ratio 4.13 (95% CI 1.49–11.48, p < 0.01). Discussion To conclude, melancholic depression had a more recurrent, chronic, and severe course with a higher suicide risk than did non-melancholic depression in the Lundby population. Although our use of retrospective diagnosis might limit interpretation of results, the findings indicate that melancholia may be useful in determining prognosis and may be a valid psychopathological syndrome.
Active constituents of herbal medicines for breast cancer: Current status

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women. The risk profile of BC and the choice of its treatment modalities depend upon the rate of incidence, treatment outcome, prognosis, and the extent of metastases. Though multiple modalities to treat BC exist, there is no single panacea available. The discovery of novel molecular targets and the availability of innovative dosage form to deliver drugs to the tumor microenvironment and an upsurge in the biologicals have revolutionized the treatment of BC. However, the cost-effectiveness of such therapies, their unavoidable adverse effects, and poor therapeutic outcomes underscore the need to search for still better therapeutic options. Against this backdrop, the striking anticancer efficacies of multiple phytoconstituents that have succeeded to enter the later phases of clinical trials present a renewed hope in treating BC. In this review, we have given the account of selected secondary plant metabolites that are posing as new options in treating BC. Their interactions with molecular pathways and therapeutic targets involved in the initiation and progression of BC are elaborated.
Preconditioning of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Non-Toxic Concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide Against Oxidative Stress Induced Cell Death: The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of preconditioning with non-toxic dose of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a possible cell signaling molecule, against cell death induced by toxic concentration of H2O2 or by serum deprivation in human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HWJ-MSCs) and underlying mechanisms. Methods: HWJ-MSCs were isolated and identified using flow cytometry. After finding non-toxic concentration of H2O2, cells preconditioning was performed by H2O2 (20 μM) for 12 h and cell tolerance against serum deprivation or toxic levels of H2O2 was assayed by MTT test. Effect of preconditioning on mRNA and protein expression of Akt-1, Bcl-2 and Bax were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting respectively. Role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α was explored in presence HIF-1α inhibitor. Results: Preconditioning with 20 μM H2O2 for 12 h was non-toxic and decreased cell death induced by oxidative stress and serum deprivation in MSC cultures. However, the increased tolerance reversed in the presence of inhibitor of HIF-1α. By regards to RT-PCR and western blotting data, although expression of Akt-1, Bcl-2 and Bax was not change considerably but phosphorylated Akt-1 (pAkt-1) was up regulated after treatment with 20 μM H2O2 compared to control group. Moreover after exposure to 100 μM H2O2, western blotting analysis showed that cell pretreatment with 20 μM H2O2, decremented Bax/Bcl2 ratio and up-regulated HIF-1α and pAkt-1 compared to the control group. Conclusion: Increased tolerance of H2O2-pretreated cells led to the suggestion that transplantation of H2O2 preconditioned MSCs may improve therapeutic potential of stem cells in cell therapy procedures.
HINT: Hypernetwork Instruction Tuning for Efficient Zero-Shot Generalisation

Recent NLP models have the great ability to generalise ‘zero-shot’ to new tasks using only an instruction as guidance. However, these approaches usually repeat their instructions with every input, requiring costly reprocessing of lengthy instructions for every inference example. To alleviate this, we introduce Hy-pernetworks for INstruction Tuning (HINT), which convert task instructions and examples using a pretrained text encoder into parameter-efﬁcient modules inserted into an underlying model, eliminating the need to include instructions in the model input. Compared to prior approaches that concatenate instructions with every input instance, we ﬁnd that HINT models are signiﬁcantly more compute-efﬁcient and consistently outperform these approaches for a given inference budget.
Differences in Pain between Topical Gel and Chlor Ethyl in Paedodontic Patients before Infiltration Anesthesia

Abstract: Pain control during invasive and non-invasive dental procedures is very important since discomfort can cause patients to refuse treatment. Local anesthesia (LA) is required in any dental practice, including pedodontics, to reduce pain during dental procedures such as extractions, pulpotomy, root canal treatment, pulpectomy, abscess drainage, and minor oral surgical procedures. Application of flavoured topical anesthetic gel is most frequently used in pediatric dentistry. There are various types of topical anesthetics according to the medicinal ingredients in the forms of liquid, gel, and spray. This study aimed to find out the difference between the use of topical gel and chlorine ethyl in paedodontic patients before infiltration anesthesia at Paedodontics Department of rsgm Baiturrahmah. This was a descriptive and observational study with a cross sectional design. The topical anesthetics used were topical gel and chlorine ethyl; each for 10 patients. Data were obtained directly from student observations of the patient's face during topical anesthesia using the Visual analog Scale (VAS). The results showed that most patients were 9 years old (35.0%); female (65.0%). Most of the VAS results were found in the "like" criterion namely as many as eight respondents (40.0%); six of them were female (75%). Topical gel was the most topical anaesthetic type used with "like" criterion of VAS, as many as eight respondents (100%). In conclusion, most of the VAS results in the "like" criterion for topical gel indicating that topical gel is an effective anesthetic to reduce pain in pediatric patients. Keywords: pain; anxiety; topical gel; chlor ethyl; visual analogue scale
Educational Computational Chemistry for In-Service Chemistry Teachers: A Data Mining Approach to E-Learning Environment Redesign

The use of technology in education has experienced significant growth in recent years. In this regard, computational chemistry is considered a dynamic element due to the constant advances in computational methods in chemistry, making it an emerging technology with high potential for application in teaching chemistry. This article investigates the characteristics and perceptions of in-service chemistry teachers who participated in an e-learning educational computational chemistry course. Additionally, it examines how educational data mining techniques can contribute to optimising and developing e-learning environments. The results indicate that teachers view incorporating computational chemistry elements in their classes positively but that this is not profoundly reflected in their teaching activity planning. On the other hand, generated statistical models demonstrate that the most relevant variables to consider in the instructional design of an e-learning educational computational chemistry course are related to participation in various course instances and partial evaluations. In this sense, the need to provide additional support to students during online learning is highlighted, especially during critical moments such as evaluations. In conclusion, this study offers valuable information on the characteristics and perceptions of in-service chemistry teachers and demonstrates that educational data mining techniques can help improve e-learning environments.
Soft skills in customer service: Sales area in automobile dealers

In today's highly competitive market, Customer Service has become a survival strategy and a differentiator for companies. This paper aims to investigate the relationship of some soft skills as drivers of Customer Service in sales area collaborators. In the methodology, the hypothesis were established. A review of the literature was carried out for the construct’s establishment and the elaboration of the instrument. The survey was applied to a sample of 81 sale´s managers of automobile dealership in the Monterrey metropolitan area. The model was a multiple linear regression. The surveys were processed with SPSS Statistics through successive steps. The findings revealed that the hospitality, effective communication, and motivation are significant in relation to customer service in the collaborators of the automobile dealerships, specifically in the sales area. Teamwork and problem solving were not significant. These contributions will serve to build a soft skills profile in the sales collaborators
Evaluating Reproducibility and Repeatability of Penalty Function Based Methods for Quantitative Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Analysis

Reproducibility and repeatability of penalty-based IVIM analysis methodologies BE+TV and BE+HPF have been evaluated using clinical dataset with osteosarcoma in comparison with existing IVIM analysis methods. IVIM datasets at three time-points during chemotherapy were analyzed and healthy muscle tissue was used as local control for IVIM analysis and evaluation of scan-rescan repeatability and reproducibility. Results showed, parametric maps estimated by BE+TV and BE+HPF methods were observed to have higher reproducibility and lower spatial inhomogeneity than the existing IVIM analysis methods and produced satisfactory inter-scan agreement in parameters estimation proving its repeatability in clinical scenario.
A Study on Pharmacokinetics of Acetylsalicylic Acid Mini-Tablets in Healthy Adult Males—Comparison with the Powder Formulation

Children with Kawasaki disease are prescribed acetylsalicylic acid powder as an antipyretic analgesic and antiplatelet agent; however, some of it remains in the mouth, leading to a bitter or sour taste. To address this issue, an in-hospital mini-tablet formulation of acetylsalicylic acid was developed. In order to use the mini-tablets safely and effectively, dissolution tests alone are not sufficient. Therefore, an open-label crossover study on six healthy participants was conducted to evaluate comparative pharmacokinetic parameters. The pharmacokinetic parameters of salicylic acid were Cmax: 4.80 ± 0.79 mg/L (powder; P), 5.03 ± 0.97 mg/L (mini-tablet; MT), AUC0–12: 18.0 ± 3.03 mg-h/L (P), 18.9 ± 4.59 mg-h/L (MT), those of acetylsalicylic acid Cmax: 0.50 ± 0.20 mg/L (P), 0.41 ± 0.24 mg/L (MT), AUC0–12: 0.71 ± 0.27 mg-h/L (P), 0.61 ± 0.36 mg-h/L (MT), with no significant differences between the mini-tablet and powder formulations. Although pharmacokinetic results obtained from adults cannot be directly applied to children, the results of this study are important for predicting pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, a formulation that can improve medication adherence in children who have difficulty taking acetylsalicylic acid powder, thus contributing to pediatric drug therapy.
La brecha digital de género en españa: cambios y persistencias

Este articulo resume las caracteristicas basicas de la brecha digital de genero en Espana, teniendo en cuenta los diferentes usos que hombres y mujeres realizan de Internet. Para ello, tras rastrear los datos generales existentes, centraremos la atencion en los jovenes, el ambito educativo y las acciones emprendidas por los Poderes Publicos. De esta forma, el objetivo es analizar los cambios y permanencias en relacion con la brecha digital de genero, considerando las perspectivas de futuro y las medidas politicas que vienen aplicandose.