Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gambaran minat, media informasi, dan sosial budaya terhadap tingkat pengetahuan siswi tentang kanker payudara dan kanker serviks di SMAN Unggul Kota Subulussalam

Pendahuluan : Meningkatnya angka kematian kasus kanker salah satunya disebabkan oleh rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan seseorang mengenai gejala dan tanda kanker. Selain itu gaya hidup juga berperan penting dalam kejadian kanker. Penghasilan rata-rata masyarakat Kota Subulussalam tergolong rendah, sementara harga media eletronik seperti telepon genggam sudah dapat di jangkau sehingga masyarakat sekitar sudah mampu untuk membelinya. Namun rasa kepedulian masyarakat sekitar tentang bahaya faktor risiko kanker payudara dan kanker serviks masih tergolong rendah. Tujuan : Mengetahui gambaran minat, media informasi dan sosial budaya terhadap tingkat pengetahuan siswi tentang kanker serviks dan kanker payudara di SMAN Unggul Kota Subulussalam. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Hasil Penelitian : Sampel berjumlsh 29 sampel. Analisa menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Analisis Uji Chi-Square pada minat dengan pengetahuan didapatkan nilai P = 0,02 (p<0,05). Analisi Uji Chi-Square pada media informasi dengan pengetahuan didapatkan nilai p = 0,008 (p<0,05). Analisi Uji Chi-Square pada budaya sosial dengan pengetahuan didapatkan nilai p = 0,003 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan : Dari hasil uji silang Chi-Square didapatkan adanya hubungan antara minat, media informasi dan sosial budaya dengan tingkat pengetahuan siswi tentang kanker payudara dan kanker serviks. Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Kanker Serviks, Kanker Payudara, Minat, Media Informasi, Sosial Budaya
Effects of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) on Growth and Quercitrin Content of Shoot Cultures of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat cv. Yulimar

Chrysanthemum morifolium consisted of secondary metabolites such as kaempferol, luteolin, quercitrin, quercetin, and morin. The potential alternative method to increase the production of secondary metabolites in vitro is to grow shoots cultures in growth medium supplemented with Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) as an elicitor. The aim of this research was to obtain the best PEG concentration which can produce the highest quercitrin content in chrysanthemum shoots culture. The experiment consisted of the five concentrations of PEG 6000 namely 0 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, and 40 ppm added to Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. Data was taken after 45 days after of culture. The parameters observed were the height of shoots, the number of leaves, dry weight of micro-shoots, and quercitrin content analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The result showed that 10 ppm PEG concentration addition produce the highest shoots height, dry weight of micro-shoots and content of quercitrin were 8.99 cm; 0.1373 grams; and 0.02749 mg/g DW respectively. The growth of Chrysanthemum was directly proportional to quercitrin content. Quercitrin content in Chrysanthemum shoots cultures decreases with increasing PEG concentrationin medium.
Understanding the principles of ethics in health care: a systematic analysis of qualitative information

All health care professionals have an obligation for the duty of care in alleviating pain and minimize suffering. Thus every action taken by the doctor or health care professional constitute ethical and moral dimension. This is guided by the set of ethical principles aimed at improving the quality of patient care by identifying, analysing and attempting to resolve any issues arising in practice. According to Beauchamp and Childress, no one principle is higher than other and depends on the context of given situation. Beauchamp and Childress consider the four principles as prima facie binding, i.e. they must be fulfilled, unless they conflict on a particular occasion with an equal or stronger principle.
Aspectos epidemiológicos da ocorrência do Enterococcus resistente a Vancomicina

Estudo descritivo, realizado em um hospital publico de maio de 2005 a outubro 2007. Objetivou-se determinar os aspectos epidemiologicos que envolvem o Enterococcus resistente a vancomicina (VRE) e descrever a evolucao dos pacientes. Os dados foram coletados de registros em prontuarios e apos a coleta as informacoes foram processadas no SPSS. Usou-se a distribuicao de frequencia e medidas de tendencia central. Participaram do estudo 122 pacientes. A maioria do sexo masculino, com idade media de 43 anos (DP= 18,8). 16,3% desenvolveram infeccao por VRE. O antimicrobiano mais usado previamente a identificacao do VRE foi a vancomicina (62,3%), 97,5% foram submetidos aos procedimentos invasivos, 45,0% eram dependentes de cuidados intensivos de enfermagem, 77,9% tinha pelo menos uma ferida aberta e 50,8% evoluiram a obito. Esses dados sugerem que recomendacoes de controle da resistencia bacteriana devem ser encorajadas diuturnamente visando a reducao da mortalidade, morbidade, custos hospitalares e consequentemente uma melhor qualidade da assistencia ao paciente.
Fabrication of Anti-HSV-1 Curcumin Stabilized Nanostructured Proniosomal Gel: Molecular Docking Studies on Thymidine Kinase Proteins

Curcumin is a dietary compound with accrued evidence of antiviral activity. Poor solubility and permeation renders curcumin a good applicant for incorporation into proniosomes. The intent of this study was to formulate curcumin proniosomal gel for topical application and the evaluation of its in-vitro, ex-vivo activities against Herpes Simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), as well as molecular docking studies on HSV-1 thymidine kinase proteins. Coacervation phase separation tactic, using 23 full factorial design, was used in the preparation of different proniosomes. Cytotoxicity of the selected formulae (F4 and F8) was evaluated on the Vero cell line. Optimal formulae (F4 and F8) showed entrapment efficiency of 97.15 ± 2.47% and 95.85 ± 2.9%, vesicle size of 173.7 ± 2.26 nm and 206.15 ± 4.17 nm and percentages curcumin released after 3 h of 51.9 ± 1.4% and 50.5 ± 1.1%, respectively. Ex-vivo permeation studies demonstrated that the optimal formulae markedly improved the dermal curcumin delivery. Curcumin proniosomal gel formulae exhibited 85.4% reduction of HSV-1 replication. The ability of curcumin to interact with the key amino acids in the enzyme binding sites of 1KI7, 1KI4, and 1E2P, as indicated by its docking pattern, rationalized its observed activity. Therefore, curcumin proniosomes could be considered as a successful topical delivery system for the treatment of HSV-1.
An Insight into Histopathologic Examination as a Gold Standard for the Diagnosis of Chronic Apical Periodontitis

Abstract Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine the level of correlation between histopathologic results after surgery for chronic apical periodontitis and the radiographic and clinical diagnosis. The status of gold standard technique of histologic examination was evaluated in the diagnosis of apical radiolucency in necrotic teeth. Methods: Out of 154 patients with incorrect root fillings and apical radiolucency included in an endodontic retreatment protocol, 87 patients (108 teeth) were scheduled for apical surgery at 3-6 months control recall. Clinical and radiographic exams were completed prior to surgery and compared to the histological results of apical biopsies. The collected data were statistically analyzed with the SPSS version 20.0 and the Chi-square test was used to determine the associations between clinical and histologic diagnosis. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the number of cases diagnosed as granulomas or cysts during clinical and radiological evaluation compared to histologic evaluation of tissue samples, with 40.9% to 75.9% and 54.2% to 16.8% respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions: The final diagnosis was obtained only after histologic examination of apical tissue samples, which means that the observations made based on radiologic investigations must be confirmed by biopsy.
THE IMPACT OF DYSPHAGIA AND GASTROSTOMY ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN CAREGIVERS OF PATIENTS WITH AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS

OF THESIS THE IMPACT OF DYSPHAGIA AND GASTROSTOMY ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN CAREGIVERS OF PATIENTS WITH AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS There is little research studying the relationship between caregiver quality of life and gastrostomy, a palliative intervention recommended to manage dysphagia and malnutrition in patients diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). To facilitate a more comprehensive assessment of treatment effectiveness and to better guide patients and their families, this study investigated the relationship between gastrostomy, caregiver strain, and patient disease-related factors. Patients with bulbar-onset ALS and their caregivers were recruited regardless of their decision to accept or decline future gastrostomy. Caregivers completed the Modified Caregiver Strain Index (MCSI) to assess levels of caregiver strain as an index of quality of life. Surveys were completed at 3-month intervals prior to gastrostomy and at a single time point following gastrostomy. Of 13 patient-caregiver dyads recruited, 1 dyad completed both phases of the study as of yet. This caregiver reported increased caregiver strain following gastrostomy. Medical interventions aimed at managing dysphagia, such as gastrostomy, may not have a predictable impact on caregiver strain, as indexed by the MCSI, or changes in caregiver strain may reflect characterological differences among patient-caregiver dyads. Other psychosocial factors within a given patient-caregiver dyad may be stronger predictors of caregiver strain, burden, and quality of life in caregivers.
Modeling the Emergence and Progression of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Jamaican Population

— In this paper, we developed an Agent-Based Model (ABM) that simulated the emergence and progression of Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Jamaica. The preliminary results presented demonstrate that the model has merits. Therefore, it can assist policy makers to understand the complex interdependency of the risk factors and how that translates to the emergence of CVDs in the population.
Performance of West African dwarf goats fed cassava peels treated with nitrogen sources

A feeding trial was carried out for 60 days with 40 growing West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks aged 5 7 months with an initial weight of 5.25 kg±0.35 to determine their performance characteristics. The goats were randomly allocated to five treatments, each treatment had eight replicates. The experimental diets were compounded such that Diet T1 had 100% urea treated cassava peel. T2 60% untreated cassava peel, 40% cassava foliage. T3 60% untreated cassava peel, 40% poultry manure, T4 60% untreated cassava peel, 20% cassava foliage and 20% treated cassava peel. T5 60% untreated cassava peel, 20% cassava foliage, 20% poultry manure. The average live weight gain was significant (P< 0.05) across the treatment groups with T1 having higher value. Average daily weight gain ranged between 19.59 and 20.30(g/d) with T1 showing significantly (P< 0.05) higher value than other treatment groups. Feed conversion ratio was also best with Diet T1. It can be concluded that urea treated cassava peels enhanced better performance of growing WAD goats in the tropics especially in dry season when there is decline of natural herbage.
Risk Factors and Complications in Measles Mortalities

To determine the risk factors and complications in patients expired due to measles. Background: Measles is one of the vaccine-preventable diseases. Mortality and morbidity due to it has been decreased in many countries with preventive measures. However, epidemics occur off and on in some communities. Pakistan has faced an epidemic in 2012-13. Started from one province and affected others. Due to some risk factors, Pakistani children suffered from many complications. Place & Duration: Measles ward, the Children`s Hospital, Lahore form February to June 2013. Methodology: All patients who were admitted and expired in measles ward were included in the study. A Performa was filled for each patient to document the risk factors and complications in affected patients. Results: 1075 patients were admitted. 44 expired. 27 were males. Minimum age of patients who expired was 3 months and maximum was 7 years. Maximum deaths were in group 4: 27% (12/44), followed by group 2: 23% (10/44). 30 (68%) were malnourished having weight less than 5th centile. 70% of the patients died within 24 hours (31/44) because of severity of illness. 82% (36/44) patients had contacts in families or society. 86% (38/44) patients were unvaccinated and only one patient received two doses (2%). 17 patients had co-morbid conditions. These were; cystic fibrosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, complex cyanotic heart disease, Gaucher`s disease, hypothyroidism, chronic renal failure, hepatitis (3), seizures disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis, hydrocephalus, Aplastic anemia and severe nutritional anemia (3). Complications documented were; pneumonia (measles pneumonia with superadded bacterial infection) 100% (n=44), Encephalitis 47% (n=21), Enteritis 9% (n=4) and respiratory failure 4.5 % (n=2). Conclusion: Lack of vaccination is the most important risk factor for mortality, followed by malnutrition and co-morbid illness.
Duygusal Uyarılmışlığın Tanıma Belleği Üzerindeki Ketleyici Etkisi: Nesne içi ve Nesneler arası Bağlantıların Karşılaştırılması

According to the Object-based Binding Theory, emotional arousal enhances within-object binding, but impairs or does not affect between-object memory binding. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of negative emotional arousal on memory updating of within-object and between-object associations. Negative emotional arousal was expected to cause a higher level of interference in intrinsic associations (within object condition) than in extrinsic associations (between object condition). Angry, sad and neutral facial expressions chosen for emotion conditions are paired with various hats as neutral objects. In the within-object condition, the hat was presented together with a face, while in the between-object condition, the hat was presented as a separate object distinct from the face. First, all participants learned a list of face-hat pairs, then learned a second list with the same faces paired with new hats. In the test phase, the second list of pairs was rearranged into half correct and half incorrect, and the participants decided whether the pairs were correct or incorrect. The data were analyzed on the basis of Signal Detection Theory. We found that higher false alarms were given to angry faces in the within-object condition than in the between-object condition. This high false alarm rate indicates that negative emotional arousal prevented memory updating of within-object associations. According to analysis of memory sensitivity, in all emotion conditions, correct and incorrect pairs were better discriminated in the between-object condition than in the within-object condition. When false alarm rates and sensitivity results are considered together, the hypotheses of the study are supported and it is seen that negative emotional arousal leads to proactive interference in the within-object condition and thus makes it difficult to update memory. These results are consistent with the OBT in that negative emotional arousal exerts an enhancing effect on remembering intrinsic features of objects.
The Prevalence of Respiratory and Cutaneous Symptoms Among Hairdressing Apprentices in Aydin

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of respiratory and cutaneous symptoms among 18 years old and younger hairdressing apprentices in Aydin. Materials and Methods: A total of 91 hairdressing apprentices were involved to the study. Pulmonary function tests [forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF)] were measured before and after the work time. A questionnaire was also administered to search the information about working conditions, respiratory and cutaneous symptoms such as rhinitis, wheezing, asthma and eczema after exposure to different types of pollutants and chemical irritants. Results: Respiratory symptoms were detected in 73 (80.2%) hairdressing apprentices. Respiratory symptoms were sneezing in day/night in 39 (42.8%), morning cough 37 (40.7%), continue coughing in day/night in 32 (35.2%), morning sputum in 29 (31.9%), breathlessness in 27 (29.7%) and wheezing in 25 (27.5%) hairdressing apprentices. The prevalence of complaints such as breathlessness and wheezing was reported statistically higher in girls compared with the boys (p< 0.05). Cutaneous complaints were determined in 50 (54.9%) and the most common was contact dermatitis on hands in 44 (48.3%) hairdressing apprentices. PEF values and FEV1 values before work were less than 80% of predicted value in 15 (16.5%) and 11 (12.1%) hairdressing apprentices, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in PEF and FEV1 values measured before and after work. Conclusion: 14-18 years old hairdresser workers called apprentices, have high frequency of work-related respiratory and cutaneous symptoms caused by exposure to chemical irritants every day. Therefore, occupational protective precautions must be determined and put in practice and younger people must be trained immediately.
Multiscale drivers of restoration outcomes for an imperiled songbird

Habitat restoration is a cornerstone of conservation, particularly for habitat‐limited species. However, restoration efforts are seldom rigorously monitored at meaningful spatial scales. Poor understanding of how species respond to habitat restoration programs limits conservation efficacy for habitat‐restricted species like the Golden‐winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera, GWWA). We provide one of the first concerted assessments of a national conservation program aimed at restoring songbird habitat across its breeding range. We studied GWWA response to forest habitat restoration across two broad regions with opposing population trajectories and assessed factors driving species use of restored habitats across multiple spatial scales. From 2015 to 2017, we conducted 1,145 (n = 457 locations) and 519 point counts (n = 215 locations) across the Appalachian Mountains and Great Lakes (respectively) within restored habitats. Warbler abundance within restored habitats across the Great Lakes varied with latitude, longitude, elevation, forest type, and number of growing seasons. In the Appalachian Mountains, occupancy ( ψ^ ) varied with longitude, elevation, forest type, and number of growing seasons. Detections were restricted to areas within close proximity to population centers (usually <24 km) in the Appalachian Mountains, where GWWAs are rare ( ψ^ = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20–0.25), but not in the Great Lakes, where GWWAs remain common ( ψ^ = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84–0.90). Our study suggests that, even when best management practices are carefully implemented, restoration outcomes vary within/across regions and with multiscale habitat attributes. Although assessments of concerted habitat restoration efforts remain uncommon, our study demonstrates the value of monitoring data in the adaptive management process for imperiled species.
Pyramidal Ownership Structure and Firms’ Audit Fees

ABSTRACT Using the sample of listed firms in China from 2004 to 2014, this paper investigates the impact of pyramidal ownership structure on firms’ audit fees. The results show that (1) generally, the greater the number of pyramidal layers, the more audit fees the firm pays; (2) compared with non-state-owned firms, this relationship is weaker in state-owned firms. Additional tests show that the number of pyramidal layers has a stronger impact on audit fees in firms whose voting rights and cash flow rights are separated. However, CEO duality and management ownership do not affect this relationship. Moreover, in state-owned firms, the positive relationship between the number of pyramidal layers and audit fees only exists in those firms whose ultimate controllers’ administrative level is lower. This paper expands the studies on the consequences of pyramidal ownership structure and introduces shareholding structure into the research on determinants of audit fees.
Clinical measurement of functional outcomes of pulmonary rehabilitation.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease "COPD" is a chronic condition characterised by progressive deterioration in the lung function. COPD co exists with other clinical conditions resulting into complex cases. People with COPD suffer from progressive functional limitations and participation restrictions. Pulmonary Rehabilitation "PR" is a multidisciplinary intervention designed to improve functional outcomes in people with COPD. Despite the established effectiveness of PR, a number of clinical problems in the provision of PR services remain unresolved. In order to address these problems an outcome measure that is appropriate for implementation in clinical settings is required. The aim of this thesis was to develop a clinical tool for the measurement of functional outcomes of PR in people with COPD. The research process included three phases. A "conceptualisation" phase, the phase of "development", and a "clinical testing" phase. During the phase of conceptualisation a critical review of the literature was performed. This resulted in the development of a framework for the measurement of functioning in people with COPD, and the identification of the specifications for a clinical outcome measure.The phase of development resulted in the selection of the TELER method of measurement and the development and validation of TELER "function" indicators using extensive qualitative research that used indepth interviews and focus groups methods. The final phase was testing the indicators in clinical PR settings. This resulted in providing evidence of the usefulness of the TELER "function" indicators in producing informative data appropriate for full clinimetric analysis. The clinimetric analysis of TELER data developed new insights about the provision of PR. This thesis has contributed to the development in the measurement of the functional outcomes of PR, by providing a new clinical tool that is underpinned by sound theoretical, clinical and empirical knowledge. The tool is appropriate for use in clinical evaluation, and has the potential to resolve clinical problems in the provision of PR.
Ovonic Threshold‐Switching GexSey Chalcogenide Materials: Stoichiometry, Trap Nature, and Material Relaxation from First Principles

Density functional theory simulations are used to identify the structural factors that define the material properties of ovonic threshold switches (OTS). They show that the nature of mobility‐gap trap states in amorphous Ge‐rich Ge50Se50 is related to GeGe bonds, whereas in Se‐rich Ge30Se70 the Ge valence‐alternating‐pairs and Se lone‐pairs dominate. To obtain a faithful description of the electronic structure and delocalization of states, it is required to combine hybrid exchange–correlation functionals with large unit‐cell models. The extent of localization of electronic states depends on the applied external electric field. Hence, OTS materials undergo structural changes during electrical cycling of the device, with a decrease in the population of less exothermic GeGe bonds in favor of more exothermic GeSe. This reduces the amount of charge traps, which translates into coordination changes, an increase in mobility‐gap, and subsequently changes in the selector‐device electrical parameters. The threshold voltage drift process can be explained by natural evolution of the nonpreferred GeGe bonds (or “chains”/clusters thereof) in Ge‐rich GexSe1–x. The effect of extrinsic doping is shown for Si and N, which introduce strong covalent bonds into the system, increase both mobility‐gap and crystallization temperature, and decrease the leakage current.