Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Physical And Mental Workload With Fatigue On Nurses

Introduction: Workload and work fatigue are problems that often arise in a hospital. The unbalanced workload of nurses can cause work fatigue in the nurse workforce. If nurses experience work fatigue, the work motivation of the nurses will decrease, performance is low, work quality is low, there are many mistakes, low work productivity, work-related stress, occupational diseases, injuries, and work accidents. This study aims to analyze the relationship between physical workload and mental workload with work fatigue on nurses in the Emergency Room at Haji General Hospital Surabaya. Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross sectional study design. Conducted in the Emergency Room Installation of Haji General Hospital Surabaya with a research population of 30 nurses. The sampling technique was total sampling. The independent variable in this study is physical workload and mental workload while the dependent variable in this study is work fatigue. Data collection using direct measurement instruments in the form of a Pulse Oxy Meter, NASA-TLX and IRFC questionnaires with statistical analysis using the contingency coefficient test and the Spearman correlation test. Results: This study shows that physical workload has a very weak relationship with work fatigue on nurses (correlation coefficient 0.198) while mental workload has a strong enough relationship with work fatigue in acne (correlation coefficient 0.535). Conclusion: it can be concluded that physical workload and mental workload have a relationship with work fatigue on nurses in the Emergency Department of the Haji General Hospital of Surabaya. Keywords: Fatigue, mental workload, physical workload
Towards a Theoretical Understanding of Batch Normalization

Normalization techniques such as Batch Normalization have been applied very successfully for training deep neural networks. Yet, despite its apparent empirical benefits, the reasons behind the success of Batch Normalization are mostly hypothetical. We thus aim to provide a more thorough theoretical understanding from an optimization perspective. Our main contribution towards this goal is the identification of various problem instances in the realm of machine learning where, under certain assumptions, Batch Normalization can provably accelerate optimization with gradient-based methods. We thereby turn Batch Normalization from an effective practical heuristic into a provably converging algorithm for these settings. Furthermore, we substantiate our analysis with empirical evidence that suggests the validity of our theoretical results in a broader context.
Dietary Acid Load and Cancer Risk: A Review of the Uruguayan Experience

Dietary acid load (DAL) is recognized as a risk factor for several chronic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and osteoporosis. Recent evidence suggests that an elevated DAL, as measured by the validated potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores, could also increase the risk for several cancers. This narrative review summarizes the potential role of DAL in Uruguayan cancer patients and outlines the potentially involved pathophysiological pathways that mediate the role of DAL in both cancer development and growth. Although Uruguay is a developing country, its average diet is a heavily meat-based Western one, translating into a supraphysiological acid burden from diet. In recent years, we have published epidemiologic evidence based on ten case-control studies involving 3736 cancer cases and 9534 hospital-based controls. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated for each interest variable to analyze the association between the exposure levels of DAL scores and cancer, calculated by unconditional logistic regression. In a majority of the cases, the highest DAL scores tended to double the cancer risk as compared to the lowest category. We also found high risks for methionine intake, an acidifying amino acid found in higher concentrations in animal-based foods, which may increase cancer risks at least by a joint action based on the pH and the proliferation enhancing properties of the amino acid itself.
Effects of different obesogenic diets on joint integrity, inflammation and intermediate monocyte levels in a rat groove model of osteoarthritis

Introduction: Obesogenic diets aggravate osteoarthritis (OA) by inducing low-grade systemic inflammation, and diet composition may affect OA severity. Here, we investigated the effect of diet on joint damage and inflammation in an OA rat model. Methods: Wistar-Han rats (n = 24) were fed a chow, a high-fat (HF) diet, or a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFS) for 24 weeks. OA was induced unilaterally 12 weeks after the diet onset by groove surgery, and compared to sham surgery or no surgical intervention (contralateral limb). Knee OA severity was determined by OARSI histopathology scoring system. At several timepoints monocyte populations were measured using flow cytometry, and joint macrophage response was determined via CD68 immunohistochemistry staining. Results: Groove surgery combined with HF or HFS diet resulted in higher OARSI scores, and both HF and HFS diet showed increased circulating intermediate monocytes compared to chow fed rats. Additionally, in the HFS group, minimal damage by sham surgery resulted in an increased OARSI score. HFS diet resulted in the largest metabolic dysregulation, synovial inflammation and increased CD68 staining in tibia epiphysis bone marrow. Conclusion: Obesogenic diets resulted in aggravated OA development, even with very minimal joint damage when combined with the sucrose/fat-rich diet. We hypothesize that diet-induced low-grade inflammation primes monocytes and macrophages in the blood, bone marrow, and synovium, resulting in joint damage when triggered by groove OA inducing surgery. When the metabolic dysregulation is larger, as observed here for the HFS diet, the surgical trigger required to induce joint damage may be smaller, or even redundant.
Histomorphometry of the Sural Nerve for Use as a CFNG in Facial Reanimation Procedures

Facial palsy (FP) is a debilitating nerve pathology. Cross Face Nerve Grafting (CFNG) describes a surgical technique that uses nerve grafts to reanimate the paralyzed face. The sural nerve has been shown to be a reliable nerve graft with little donor side morbidity. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the microanatomy of the sural nerve. Biopsies were obtained from 15 FP patients who underwent CFNG using sural nerve grafts. Histological cross-sections were fixated, stained with PPD, and digitized. Histomorphometry and a validated software-based axon quantification were conducted. The median age of the operated patients was 37 years (5–62 years). There was a significant difference in axonal capacity decrease towards the periphery when comparing proximal vs. distal biopsies (p = 0.047), while the side of nerve harvest showed no significant differences in nerve caliber (proximal p = 0.253, distal p = 0.506) and axonal capacity for proximal and distal biopsies (proximal p = 0.414, distal p = 0.922). Age did not correlate with axonal capacity (proximal: R = −0.201, p = 0.603; distal: R = 0.317, p = 0.292). These novel insights into the microanatomy of the sural nerve may help refine CFNG techniques and individualize FP patient treatment plans, ultimately improving overall patient outcomes.
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 Genotype (ApoE rs429358—ApoE rs7412 Polymorphisms) Is Not Associated with Long COVID Symptoms in Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors

The role of genetics as a predisposing factor related to an increased risk of developing long COVID symptomatology is under debate. The aim of the current secondary analysis was to identify the association between the Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene, a gene affecting cholesterol metabolism and previously associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity, and the development of long COVID in a cohort of individuals who had been hospitalized by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from 287 previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. Three genotypes of the ApoE gene (ApoE ε2, ε3, ε4) were obtained based on the combination of ApoE rs429358 and ApoE rs7412 polymorphisms. Participants were asked to self-report the presence of any post-COVID symptom in a face-to-face interview at 17.8 ± 5.2 months after hospital discharge and medical records were obtained. Each participant reported 3.0 (1.9) post-COVID symptoms. Overall, no significant differences in long COVID symptoms were observed depending on the ApoE genotype (ApoE ε2, ApoE ε3, ApoE ε4). The presence of the ApoE ε4 genotype, albeit associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity, did not appear to predispose for the presence of long COVID in our cohort of previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors.
The influence of the Magnus effect in tennis

The Magnus force is a force that acts upon a rotating ball when the ball moves through a fluid. The spinning leads to a deflection in the direction perpendicular to the spinning axis and the velocity vector. Tennis players strike balls with a lot of top- or backspin. In this thesis, we look to the behavior of a ball played with topspin. Different models are created to explain and calculate the Magnus force of a rotating ball. Finally, we use one of the models in an experiment to find the influence that the Magnus force has on the trajectory of a tennis shot.
Abstract knowledge and reliance on similarity in statistical problem solving

Remindings -the retrieval and use of examples from episodic memory -have been characterized as a problem solving strategy indicative of individuals who do not understand the principle underlying a problem's solution (Ross, 1984). Whereas past research has provided insight into how learners in a new domain notice and use examples, the question of whether the use of examples continues after the individual has acquired an abstract understanding of the problem's underlying structure has not been adequately addressed. In Experiment I, subjects were differentially trained such that half developed an abstract understanding of elementary probability principles, and half did not. Moreover, the existence of the knowledge difference was demonstrated. Similarly in Experiment 2, subjects learned pragmatic inferential reasoning rules, and evidence of rule acquisition was demonstrated. In both experiments, evidence that individuals who understood the principle underlying the problem's solution nonetheless solved the problem by analogy to an earlier example was demonstrated by the emergence of a negative transfer effect. That is, subjects who understood the problem's underlying principle were more likely to use an inappropriate solution procedure when the test problem's story line reminded them of a training problem that used a related but different principle, than when the test problem's story line was new to the experiment. Furthermore, the results of Experiment 1 indicated that memory of an earlier example also influenced how individuals who understood the problem's underlying structure applied the principle to the test problem, The results are discussed in terms of the use of a heuristic by which problems appear similar on the surface are solved using the same solution procedure.
Cartilage Conduction Hearing Aids in Clinical Practice

A relatively loud sound is audible when a vibrator is attached to the aural cartilage. This form of conduction is referred to as cartilage conduction (CC). In Japan, a new type of hearing aid has been developed using CC and has been available in clinical practice since 2017. A clinical study conducted prior to its launch demonstrated its benefits, particularly in patients with aural atresia who were unable to use air conduction hearing aids. Several studies have been published on the benefits of CC hearing aids since their introduction into clinical practice. Most of the patients included in these studies had canal stenosis or aural atresia, and the purchase rates of CC hearing aids in these patients were relatively high. However, the number of patients with canal-open ears was small, with overall poor results in the trials, with the exception of patients with continuous otorrhea. CC hearing aids are considered a good option for compensating for hearing loss in ears with canal stenosis or atresia in both bilateral and unilateral cases. However, CC hearing aids are not currently considered the first choice for patients with a canal-open ear.
Silicon-based nanostructures for integrated thermoelectric generators

Nanostructuring is a promising approach for enhancing thermoelectric properties of existing abundant and compatible materials such as silicon and silicon-based compounds. Recent works on different nanostructures have presented silicon-based materials as outstanding candidates for their implementation in thermoelectric generators. The compatibility of silicon with mainstream technologies, such as microelectronics and micro- and nano-fabrication, has attracted attention due to the integration of some of its nanostructures in micro-thermoelectric generators for energy harvesting applications. This topical review is focused on the most recent advances in fabrication, characterization and device integration of silicon-based thermoelectric nanomaterials, offering an outlook with an application-oriented focus. In particular, the use of doped silicon, silicon–germanium and silicides in the form of nanowires, thin films and superlattices as well as porous, nano-crystalline and nano-composite bulk is covered. Moreover, this paper provides future perspectives and research directions on the integration of silicon-based materials for energy applications in light of the recent findings reviewed.
Exponential versus linear tapering in junior elite soccer players: effects on physical match performance according to playing positions

Th e purpose of the present study was to investigate the eff ects of exponential and linear tapering protocols on the distance covered according to playing positions among junior elite soccer players. One-hundred and fi ft y-eight junior elite soccer players (mean age: 17.07±0.79 years; mean height: 177.85±6.64 cm; mean weight: 71.27±7.96 kg; mean body-mass index: 22.50±1.66 kg/m2) were randomly selected into two groups: (1) exponential and (2) linear tapering group. Training sessions were conducted three times a week for eight weeks. Aft er four and eight weeks of the tapering period, participants were measured in the distance covered according to four basic playing positions on the fi eld: (1) goalkeepers, (2) defenders, (3) midfi elders, and (4) forwards. Th e results showed that the largest eff ects between the preand post-measurement had defenders in the exponential and goalkeepers in the linear group, goalkeepers in the distance covered by slow and medium running in both groups, forwards in fast running and sprinting in the exponential group, and midfi elders in the linear group. In conclusion, our results suggest that the exponential tapering protocol brought somewhat larger eff ects, especially in fast running and sprinting in forwards and slow and medium running in goalkeepers. Future studies need to implement both the exponential and the linear tapering protocols in order to enhance performance but favouring the exponential to produce larger eff ects.
The US dollar and trade balance: New findings from the international trade of India with the European Union

Abstract The US dollar is the most prevalent currency to settle internationally traded merchandise. A few existing studies demonstrate that the US dollar can significantly impact a country’s trade balance with a non-US partner. Nevertheless, the current literature indicates the remarkable deficiency of empirical results for the case of India despite the vital importance of the US dollar in its international trade. Recognizing the European Union (EU) as the largest trading partner of India over the 2000Q1–2022Q2 period, this study is the first to explore how the US dollar influences India’s trade balance with the EU by employing the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) method. The results show that, no matter if the US dollar is employed, the depreciation of rupee cannot facilitate India’s trade balance, and the appreciation has a negative effect. Therefore, devaluation is an ineffectual policy for supporting India’s trade balance with the EU.
Discrepancies between teachers’ self-reported perceived skills and use of classroom assessment practices: The case of Botswana

Abstract As teachers implement a diverse repertoire of assessment methods to gather information about students’ progress, they may recognise shortfalls in their own assessment skills. These perceived growth areas may be productive targets for future professional learning. To quantify any discrepancies between teachers’ self-reported assessment use needs and their own skills, we surveyed 691 teachers from selected public schools in Botswana. Multivariate analysis of variance and descriptive discriminant analysis were used to relate discrepancies between classroom assessment skills and usage to certain teacher characteristics. We found teachers felt most skilled at criterion-referenced testing practices and used them the most often; however, their frequency of use significantly exceeded their reported skill level. Conversely, teachers’ perceived skill in constructing objective test items generally exceeded their use. Moving forward, planning of future professional learning experiences for teachers in Botswana can draw on this study’s findings and survey instrumentation.
Design and performance analysis of hybrid solar powered geyser in Islamabad, Pakistan

As a consequence of energy crisis and pollution around the globe, many countries are shifting towards the renewable energy resources which are environmental friendly too i. e. , solar energy. The aim of this research work is to design a solar powered geyser that can be used for domestic as well as for industrial purposes. The analytical model is constructed to understand the behavior of water temperature with respect to time and to the energy that can be generated from solar panel with and without glass glazing. The extensive experimentation was carried out at self designed test rig in Islamabad, Pakistan for six months i. e. , August 2017-January 2018. The response of the power output to the time in specific month and its efficiency is predicted and optimized. Moreover, electrical backup was integrated in closed loop feedback circuit to achieve maximum efficiency even in dark cloudy weather or a sunny day. Moreover, it is calculated that how much external power is required by the system in order to perform the task at different time intervals of the day. Analytical results were in good agreement with experimental results, with error of 9%.
Blood product usage and factors associated with transfusions in cats with hemoperitoneum: 33 cases (2018–2022)

Objective To evaluate blood product usage in cats with hemoperitoneum. To secondarily evaluate factors associated with transfusion administration and the outcome of cats with hemoperitoneum. Design Retrospective study between the years 2018–2022. Setting University veterinary teaching hospital and private practice hospital. Animals 33 cats admitted to the hospital diagnosed with hemoperitoneum from January 2018 to September 2022. Measurements and main results Medical records were retrospectively reviewed; signalment, point-of-care diagnostics, effusion characteristics, and transfusion administration information was recorded. The most common etiology associated with hemoperitoneum was neoplasia (51.5%). Fifty-one percent (51.5%) of cats received a blood transfusion during hospitalization with the majority of cats receiving multiple transfusion types (69%). The etiology of hemoperitoneum was not associated with receiving a transfusion (p = 0.28) Point-of-care diagnostics including packed cell volume (PCV), total solids (TS) and platelet count were not significantly associated with receiving a transfusion (p = 0.317, p = 0.11 and p = 0.82, respectively). The PCV and TS of the effusion was also not significantly associated with transfusions (p = 0.91 and p = 0.63, respectively). Sixteen cats (48%) survived to discharge. Transfusions were significantly associated with outcome and cats that received a transfusion were more likely to survive to discharge (p = 0.008). Conclusion In conclusion, hemoperitoneum from a variety of etiologies in cats is associated with a high proportion of transfusions. None of the evaluated point-of-care diagnostics were associated with transfusion administration in this study. Cats that received a transfusion were more likely to survive to discharge.
Micro‐Doppler Radar‐Based Gait Classification of Common Pedestrians and Smartphone Zombies

This paper proposes a micro‐Doppler radar‐based method to classify common pedestrians and pedestrians texting on a smartphone (called a smartphone zombies). We used a micro‐Doppler radar to collect motion data of the gait of participants texting on smartphones while walking, and then generated time‐frequency distribution images (spectrogram images). They were input into a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify gait patterns. Results using measured data confirmed that the classification accuracy exceeded 90%, validating the effectiveness of the proposed method. Furthermore, by applying feature visualization by Grad‐Cam, we found that the motion of the leg swinging has essential features for the classification of smartphone zombies. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
The reciprocal relationships between meaning in life and smartphone addiction among Chinese college students: evidence from a three-wave cross-lagged panel model

Background Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that meaning in life (MIL) is closely associated with college students’ smartphone addiction (SA), but the causal relationship between MIL and college students’ SA is uncertain. Therefore, conducting a longitudinal study to explore their relationship is very necessary. Furthermore, some studies have implied possible gender differences in the relationship between MIL and SA and the relationship between SA and MIL. Therefore, it is necessary to further examine whether there are gender differences in the above relationships. Methods The present study constructed a three-wave cross-lag panel model to explore the relationships between MIL and college students’ SA. Three waves of data were collected from 705 college students (male: 338; female: 367) in China for three consecutive years, and the interval of data collection was 1 year. These college students completed the same online questionnaire regarding MIL and SA. Results (1) The MIL of male college students was significantly stronger than that of female college students at time 1, time 2, and time 3, (2) Female college students’ SA at time 1, time 2, and time 3 was more serious than that of male college students, (3) There were reciprocal relationships between MIL and college students’ SA, (4) The influence of MIL on female college students’ SA was significantly stronger than that of male college students, and (5) The influence of SA on female college students’ MIL was significantly stronger than that of male college students. Conclusion This study showed reciprocal relationships between MIL and SA among male college students and female college students. The findings further deepen our understanding of the relationship between MIL and SA and provide a gender perspective for preventing or intervening with college students’ SA.