Platelet heterogeneity : biology and pathology

1 Platelet Density, Heterogeneity and Platelet Ageing. - Experimental Models Used to Examine the Significance of Platelet Heterogeneity. - Potential Problems Associated with Various Experimental Models. - Ultrastructural Studies and Platelet Heterogeneity. - Density-Dependent Platelet Properties and Platelet Heterogeneity. - Kinetic Models to Examine the Relationship Between Platelet Density and Age. - Is Heterogeneity of Density-Dependent Platelet Properties Significant? - Contributions of Events During Thrombopoiesis to Platelet Heterogeneity. - Conclusions. - References. - Technical Questions. - 2 The Biology of Platelet Volume Heterogeneity. - Characteristics of Size-Dependent Platelet Subpopulations. - Relationship of Platelet Size to Platelet Age. - The Relationship of the Mean Platelet Volume to the Platelet Count. - Summary. - References. - Technical Questions. - 3 Is Platelet Heterogeneity Due to Ageing or Thrombopoiesis? - Method of Separation of Platelets on Stractan Density Gradients. - Types of Experiments. - In Vivo Labelling. - Total Population Label. - Injection of Most Dense or Least Dense Platelets. - Injection and Re-isolation of Labelled Density Subpopulations. - Recovery of Ability of Platelets to Synthesize Thromboxane After Aspirin Administration. - Conclusions About the Relation Between Density and Survival of Rabbit Platelets. - Do Discontinuous Gradients Introduce Artefacts? - Differences Between Most Dense and Least Dense Platelet Subpopulations. - Effect of Aggregating and Release-Inducing Agents on Platelet Density. - Effect on Density of Raising the Concentration of Cyclic AMP in Rabbit Platelets. - Changes in Density In Vivo. - Conclusions. - References. - Technical Questions. - Discussion (Chapters 1-3). - 4 Origins and Significance of Platelet Heterogeneity in a Non-human Primate Model. - Platelet Density. - Characterization of Young Platelets. - The Baboon Model of Acute Thrombocytopenia. - Platelet Kinetics. - Organ Localization. - Platelet Size. - Platelet Function. - Membrane Glycoproteins. - Platelet Organelle Content. - Platelet Enzymes. - Chronic Thrombocytopenia. - Acquired Platelet Alterations. - Conclusions. - References. - 5 Platelet Formation, Platelet Density and Platelet Ageing. - The Proplatelet Theory of Platelet Formation. - Proplatelet Formation in Bone Marrow. - Proplatelet Formation In Vitro. - Factors Controlling Proplatelet Formation. - Proplatelet Structure. - Proplatelets in Peripheral Blood. - Fragmentation of Proplatelets. - Alternative Mechanisms for Platelet Release. - When Do Individual Platelets Begin to Exist? - Proplatelets and Platelet Volume Heterogeneity. - Platelet Density Heterogeneity and Platelet Ageing. - Preparation of Platelet Density Subpopulations. - Morphometric Analysis of Platelet Density Subpopulations. - Biochemical Properties of Platelet Density Subpopulations. - Functional Properties of Density-Separated Platelets. - Age-Dependent Properties of Platelets. - Platelet Population Labelling by MAO Inhibition. - The Recovery of MAO Activity in Platelet Density Subpopulations After Irreversible MAO Inhibition. - Interpretation of Labelling Studies of Density- Separated Platelets. - Possible Mechanisms for the Increase in Human Platelet Density with Platelet Age. - Platelet Density Heterogeneity in Pathological States. - Conclusions. - References. - 6 Characterization of Platelets and Megakaryocytes of the Wistar Furth Rat: An Animal Model with Inherently Large Mean Platelet Volume. - Materials and Methods. - Results. - Discussion. - References. - Technical Questions. - 7 The Circulating Megakaryocyte, Platelet Volume Heterogeneity and Thrombopoiesis. - The Concept of Bone Marrow Thrombopoiesis: How Did It Start? - The Megakaryocyte Demarcation Membrane System and Platelet Territories. - Diapedesis and Sinusoidal Megakaryocytes. - Circulating Megakaryocytes. - Pulmonary Megakaryocytes. - Platelet Volume Heterogeneity. - Pulmonary Thrombopoiesis: A Simple Mechanism. - Conclusions. - References. - 8 The Genesis of Platelet Volume and Density Distributions. - Platelet Size Distributions From Normal Subjects Approximate Log-normality. - Circulating Platelet Populations of Widely Different Age Distributions Approximate Log-normality. - Platelet Volume Can Be Regulated. - Platelet Volume Is Inversely Correlated to Platelet Count. - Platelet Volume and Density Are Partially Correlated. - Platelet Function Is Linked to Platelet Size and Density. - Megakaryocyte Ploidy Heterogeneity Cannot Explain Log-normality. - Fragmentation and Growth of Megakaryocyte Cytoplasm Are Major Determinants of Platelet Size. - References. - Discussion (Chapters 7 and 8). - 9 Platelet Heterogeneity in Vascular Disease. - The Origin of Platelet Heterogeneity. - Normal Physiological Response to Change in Platelet Destruction. - The Control of Platelet Production. - Platelet Volume in Myocardial Infarction. - The Bleeding Time in Myocardial Infarction. - Platelet Volume and Megakaryocytes in Animal Models of Vascular Disease. - Conclusions. - References. - Technical Questions. - 10 The Heterogeneity of Platelets. - References. - Technical Questions. - General Discussion. - 11 Summing Up: Platelet Heterogeneity: Biology and Pathology. - Bone Marrow and Thrombopoiesis. - References. - Discussion. - 12 Chairman's Commentary. - Technical Questions. - Basic Questions.