Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial variability of forward modelled attenuated backscatter in clear‐sky conditions over a megacity: Implications for observation network design

Sensors that measure the attenuated backscatter coefficient (e.g., automatic lidars and ceilometers [ALCs]) provide information on aerosols that can impact urban climate and human health. To design an observational network of ALC sensors for supporting data assimilation and to improve prediction of urban weather and air quality, a methodology is needed. In this study, spatio‐temporal patterns of aerosol‐attenuated backscatter coefficient are modelled using Met Office numerical weather prediction (NWP) models at two resolutions, 1.5 km (UKV) and 300 m (London Model [LM]), for 28 clear‐sky days and nights. Initially, attenuated backscatter coefficient data are analysed using S‐mode principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation. Four to seven empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) are produced for each model level, with common EOFs found across different heights (day and night) for both NWP models. EOFs relate strongly to orography, wind, and emissions source location, highlighting these as critical controls of attenuated backscatter coefficient spatial variability across the megacity. Urban–rural differences are largest when wind speeds are low and vertical boundary‐layer dynamics can more effectively distribute near‐surface aerosol emissions vertically. In several night‐time EOFs, gravity‐wave features are found for both NWP models. Increasing the horizontal resolution of native ancillaries (model input parameters) and improving the urban surface scheme in the LM may enhance the urban signal in the EOFs. PCA output, with agglomerative Ward cluster analysis (CA), minimises intra‐group variance. The UKV and LM CA shape and size results are similar and strongly related to orography. PCA‐CA is a simple, but adaptable methodology, allowing close alignment with observation network design goals. Here, CA is used with wind roses to suggest the optimised ALC deployment is one in the city to observe the urban plume and others surrounding the city, with priority given to cluster size and frequency of upwind advection.
The First Characterization of Fog Microphysics in the United Arab Emirates, an Arid Region on the Arabian Peninsula

Fog microphysics characteristics play an important role in fog life cycle, radiation and visibility. Measurements of fog microphysics are important in understanding these processes and improving existing model parameterization schemes. From 28 January to 17 February 2021, we carried out the first measurements of fog microphysics in the arid region of the United Arab Emirates and present initial results in this paper. Five events occurred, the longest lasting about 4 hr 28 min and the remaining lasting 2 hr or less. In this study, the meteorological conditions at synoptic scale associated with the formation of fog, are presented as well as the microphysics characteristics of fog. Maximum cloud droplet count ranged from 80 to 700 cc, Liquid Water Content (LWC) from 0.06 to 0.58 g m−3 and the Median Volume Diameter reached 25 μm in all the cases. The estimated Liquid Water Path reached a maximum of 100 g m−2. The size distribution was bimodal for all visibility classes of mist, fog and thick fog with modes at around 4.5 μm and between 22 and 25 μm. The droplet size distribution broadened as the mature phase progressed, demonstrating a decrease in droplets in the 6–16 μm range and an increase in droplets above 19 μm. During the mature stage, droplet growth was observed with no associated decrease in LWC, suggesting growth by collision and coalescence was occurring. However, LWC did increase concurrently suggesting droplet growth by condensation was also taking place.
Implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Africa: a Scoping Review

Aim: The UNCRPD is an international treaty that promotes the advancement of the rights of persons with disabilities. This scoping review aimed to map the evidence on strategies employed by countries in implementing the UNCRPD in Africa and the implementation challenges faced. Method: The PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-Scr) was used in this study. Key terms pertinent to the implementation of the UNCRPD in Africa were used to search for literature. Strict eligibility criteria were set and a qualitative data extraction template developed. Two reviewers worked independently to extract and chart data into data extraction forms. An analysis of country reports was also conducted to identify relationships between the African country reports and findings from the studies included in the scoping review. Inductive reasoning enabled the generation of themes. A total of 107 sources were initially retrieved and after a process of screening and exclusion, 31 sources (11 research papers and 20 country reports) were included for inductive analysis. Results : The study revealed evidence of implementation of UNCRPD in Africa, albeit limited, especially to the area of education, and employment. However, there are unique contextual limitations in implementation of UNCRPD in Africa. The country reports reflected similar implementation issues to those identified in studies selected for this paper.
New paradigms for design and control of dynamical networks

My research is focused on devising novel paradigms for the design and control problems in dynamical networks that arise in various infrastructureand agentnetwork applications. While network structure is ubiquitous in many modern systems and so network dynamics has been systematically analyzed, works on design and control of networks (i.e., shaping the dynamics of a network through applying static/dynamic feedback controllers) are sparse. Despite the lack of works in network design and control, solutions in this field are badly needed in many network applications, such as traffic management, epidemic control, and sensor/vehicle networking. In this presentation, I will introduce our novel approach to devise systematic solutions to design and control problems that are common to many network applications. Our philosophy is that network design and control must exploit network structure to be effective, due to the significant role played by network structures in affecting dynamics. Specifically, I will talk about our effort in two major aspects. First, I will model design and control problems in network applications using some examples (air traffic flow management and epidemic control). Second, I will illustrate our novel solutions to multiple important and typical network design and control tasks, including designing (static) network node properties and edge properties (at all or a subset of the nodes/edges), and also designing decentralized dynamical controllers, to meet eigenvalue-related performance requirements. I will also talk about our novel controller design for networks that are subject to constraints such as input saturation and delays. Other than these major topics, I will also briefly mention some tools that we have developed to support the above development of network design and control, e.g., the tools that address network-related numerical tasks such as distributed network partitioning and effective network simulation. Speaker’s Biography: Dr. Yan Wan is currently a postdoctoral fellow in the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies in the University of California, Santa Barbara. She received her Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Washington State University in 2008. She obtained her Bachelor's degree from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China, and her Master's degree from the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Her research interest lies in developing tools for design and control problems in modern dynamical networks, with applications in air traffic control, systems biology, and sensor networking. She is the author and coauthor of 39 publications, including 19 journal papers.
ASSESSING THE LINK OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT WITH ADAPTIVE AND CONTEXTUAL PERFORMANCE IN THE PRESENCE OF ORGANIZATION POLITICS:

This study is focused on assessing the adaptive performance and contextual performance as an outcome of training and development via keeping organization politics as a mediator. For the assessment of proposed link data from 379 healthcare professionals working in public sector hospitals. The outcomes of the study disclosed that training and development have a considerable influence on adaptive performance and contextual performance. Likewise, nepotism and favoritism mediate the link between training and development, adaptive performance, and contextual performance. Therefore, results portray that during executing the training and development practices management must be cautious to timely organize the programs as per the needs of employees as it eventually affects the employee’s performance. Additionally, the existing study is of worth for the managers who manage human resources of the hospital to frame a strategy to rheostat this phenomenon in the organization as it eventually determines the performance of an employee. Keywords: Training and development, organization politics, nepotism, Favoritism, Adaptive Performance, Contextual Performance
Nanoscale studies of the early stages of phase separation in model Ni-Al-Cr-X superalloys

Nanoscale Studies of the Early Stages of Phase Separation in Model Ni-Al-CrX Superalloys Christopher Booth-Morrison The phase separation of model Ni-Al-Cr-X alloys is studied at the nanoscale employing atom-probe tomography (APT), electron microscopy and first-principles calculations. A comparison of the kinetic pathways resulting from the formation of coherent γ’-precipitates in two Ni-Al-Cr alloys, Ni-7.5 Al-8.5 Cr and Ni-5.2 Al-14.2 Cr at. %, with similar γ’-precipitate volume fractions at 873 K, is performed. The morphologies of the γ’-precipitates of the alloys are similar, though the degrees of γ’-precipitate coagulation and coalescence differ. Quantification within the framework of classical nucleation theory reveals that differences in the chemical driving forces for phase decomposition result in differences in the nucleation behavior of the two alloys. The temporal evolution of the γ’-precipitate average radii and the γ-matrix supersaturations follow the predictions of classical coarsening models. The compositional trajectories of the γ-matrix phases of the alloys are found to follow approximately the equilibrium tie-lines, while the trajectories of the γ’-precipitates do not, resulting in significant differences in the partitioning ratios of the solute elements. Phase separation in a Ni-6.5 Al-9.5 Cr at. % alloy aged at 873 K occurs in four distinct
Visualization and identification of single meteoritic organic molecules by atomic force microscopy

Using high‐resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) with CO‐functionalized tips, we atomically resolved individual molecules from Murchison meteorite samples. We analyzed powdered Murchison meteorite material directly, as well as processed extracts that we prepared to facilitate characterization by AFM. From the untreated Murchison sample, we resolved very few molecules, as the sample contained mostly small molecules that could not be identified by AFM. By contrast, using a procedure based on several trituration and extraction steps with organic solvents, we isolated a fraction enriched in larger organic compounds. The treatment increased the fraction of molecules that could be resolved by AFM, allowing us to identify organic constituents and molecular moieties, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aliphatic chains. The AFM measurements are complemented by high‐resolution mass spectrometry analysis of Murchison fractions. We provide a proof of principle that AFM can be used to image and identify individual organic molecules from meteorites and propose a method for extracting and preparing meteorite samples for their investigation by AFM. We discuss the challenges and prospects of this approach to study extraterrestrial samples based on single‐molecule identification.
Beyond Sub-Gaussian Noises: Sharp Concentration Analysis for Stochastic Gradient Descent

In this paper, we study the concentration property of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) solutions. In existing concentration analyses, researchers impose restrictive requirements on the gradient noise, such as boundedness or sub-Gaussianity. We consider a much richer class of noise where only ﬁnitely-many moments are required, thus allowing heavy-tailed noises. In particular, we obtain Nagaev type high-probability upper bounds for the estimation errors of averaged stochastic gradient descent (ASGD) in a linear model. Speciﬁcally, we prove that, after T steps of SGD, the ASGD estimate achieves an O ( (cid:112) log(1 /δ ) /T + ( δT q − 1 ) − 1 /q ) error rate with probability at least 1 − δ , where q > 2 controls the tail of the gradient noise. In comparison, one has the O ( (cid:112) log(1 /δ ) /T ) error rate for sub-Gaussian noises. We also show that the Nagaev type upper bound is almost tight through an example, where the exact asymptotic form of the tail probability can be derived. Our concentration analysis indicates that, in the case of heavy-tailed noises, the polynomial dependence on the failure probability δ is generally unavoidable for the error rate of SGD.
Identifying the Impact-Related Data Uses and Gaps for Hydrometeorological Impact Forecasts and Warnings

: Impact forecasts and warnings (IFW) are key to resilience for hydrometeorological hazards. Communicat- ing the potential social, economic, and environmental hazard impacts allows individuals and communities to adjust their plans and better prepare for the consequences of the hazard. IFW systems require additional knowledge about impacts and underlying vulnerability and exposure. Lack of data or knowledge about impacts, vulnerability, and exposure has been identi ﬁ ed as a challenge for IFW implementation. In this study, we begin to address this challenge by developing an understanding of the data needs and uses for IFWs. Using the grounded theory method, we conducted a series of interviews with users and creators of hazard, impact, vulnerability, and exposure data (e.g., warning services, forecasters, meteorologists, hydrologists, emergency managers, data specialists, risk modelers) to understand where these data are needed and used in the warning value chain, a concept used to represent and understand the ﬂ ow of information among actors in the warning chain. In support of existing research, we found a growing need for creating, gathering, and using impact, vulnerability, and exposure data for IFWs. Furthermore, we identi ﬁ ed different approaches for impact forecasting and de ﬁ ning impact thresholds using objective models and subjective impact-oriented discussions depending on the data available. We also pro- vided new insight into a growing need to identify, model, and warn for social and health impacts, which have typically taken a back seat to modeling and forecasting physical and infrastructure impacts. Our ﬁ ndings on the data needs and uses within IFW systems will help guide their development and provide a pathway for identifying speci ﬁ c relevant data sources.
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP PERSEPSIAN PENYERAPAN ANGGARAN TERKAIT PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA

This study examines the effect of contextual factors such as knowledge of regulatory, management commitment, and environmental bureaucracy on budget absorption related to the procurement of goods/services. Institutional theory and expectancy theory are used to explain the phenomenon of budget absorption related to the procurement of goods/services. This study uses mixed method with sequential explanatory design. The samples in this study were employees who had a certificate of the procurement of goods/services at 152 SKPD in the area of D. I. Yogyakarta. The results of quantitative analysis in this study showed that knowledge of regulatory, management commitment, and environmental bureaucracy have positive effect on the budget absorption related to the procurement of goods/services. The results of the qualitative analysis also support the quantitative results based on interviews conducted in the selected respondents. The major contribution of this study is to provide an understanding of the factors that influence the absorption related to the procurement of good/services, so it can be used to formulate policies and improvements in the procurement of goods/services. Keywords: contextual factors, budget absorption, procurement of goods/services, mixed method --- Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh faktor-faktor kontekstual, yaitu pengetahuan peraturan, komitmen manajemen, dan lingkungan birokrasi terhadap penyerapan anggaran terkait pengadaan barang/jasa. Teori institusional dan teori pengharapan digunakan untuk menjelaskan fenomena penyerapan anggaran terkait pengadaan barang/jasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran dengan desain sekuensial eksplanatoris. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah pegawai yang memiliki sertifikat pengadaan barang/jasa pada 152 SKPD di wilayah D. I. Yogyakarta. Hasil analisis kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan peraturan, komitmen manajemen, dan lingkungan birokrasi berpengaruh positif terhadap penyerapan anggaran terkait pengadaan barang/jasa. Hasil analisis kualitatif juga mendukung hasil kuantitatif berdasarkan wawancara yang dilakukan pada responden yang terpilih. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini adalah memberikan pemahaman terhadap faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyerapan anggaran terkait pengadaan barang/jasa sehingga dapat digunakan dalam perumusan kebijakan dan perbaikan dalam pengadaan barang/jasa. Kata kunci: faktor-faktor kontekstual, penyerapan anggaran, pengadaan barang/jasa, metode campuran
Evaluation of p-y Curves Used in Practice for Seismic Analysis of Soil-Pile Interaction

A widely used approach in practice for modeling the seismic response of pile supported structures is Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation (BNWF). In this approach, the nonlinear p‐y curves, recommended by the American Petroleum Institute (API), are used as the backbone curves for the lateral load‐deformation relationships. In this paper, the efficiency of these curves for seismic analysis of soil‐pile interaction is investigated. For this purpose, recorded results of four centrifuge tests conducted on single pile foundations are compared with the computed results based on the BNWF approach employing the API p‐y curves. The prediction of the seismic response based on the API p‐y curves was found to be poor in the cases studied here.
The Influence of the Microenvironment on Company Value with the Macro Environment as a Moderator Variable of the Pharmaceutical Sub-Sector Listed on IDX

This study purposed to determine the impact of the microenvironment on firm value with the macro environment as the moderator variable. This research population is the pharmaceutical sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in terms 2015-2020. Samples that suit the criteria are eight companies. The data were analyzed using panel data regression with a multiplication interaction structure so that there were 48 observations. The results showed that the Fixed Effect is the best model. The study results simultaneously show that the microenvironment is measured using investment decision variables, market penetration, and inventory turnover. The macro-environment, as measured using the GDP variable, has a significant and positive effect on firm value. Partly, investment decisions and inventory turnover have a positive and significant effect on firm value, while market penetration has no impact on firm value. Meanwhile, GDP can only moderate investment decisions and inventory turnover and not moderate market penetration.
Low Power Scheme Using Bypassing Technique for Hybrid Cache Architecture

Cache bypassing schemes have been studied to remove unnecessary updating the data in cache blocks. Among them, a statistics-based cache bypassing method for asymmetric-access caches is one of the most efficient approach for non-voliatile memories and shows the lowest cache access latency. However, it is proposed under the condition of the normal cache system, so further study is required for the hybrid cache architecture. This paper proposes a novel cache bypassing scheme, called hybrid bypassing block selector. In the proposal, the new model is established considering the SRAM region and the non-volatile memory region separately. Based on the model, hybrid bypassing decision block is implemented. Experiments show that the hybrid bypassing decision block saves overall energy consumption by 21.5%.
Simulation of III-V HEMTs for High-speed Low-power Logic Applications

In this paper a program to numerically simulate quantum transport in III-V HEMTs is described. The program uses a Green's function approach for ballistic transport in HEMTs designed for logic applications. The well-confined charge distribution in the quantum well permits an efficient mode space approach that dramatically lowers the computational burden. The program is described, and some results for an 80nm In0.7Ga0. 3As HEMTs are presented as an example.
Social media influencers’ impact on consumers’ sustainable fashion consumption

The continuous growth of sustainability awareness is shaping the consumption patterns of modern consumers. However, the fashion industry is facing challenges regarding the adaptation towards more sustainable practices due to consumers’ demand for fast-paced fashion cycles. This could be related to consumers being more influenced by social aspects, in comparison to sustainability aspects, when consuming fashion. Furthermore, social media influencers, operating on digital platforms, have proven to be distinct drivers of social aspects such as trends and norms. This suggests that influencers are in position to shape fashion consumption among consumers, which could provide the opportunity to influence a more sustainable consumption behavior. This study investigates the two fields of influencer marketing and sustainable consumption and aims to develop a deeper understanding of how consumers' sustainable consumption behavior can be affected by the use of influencer marketing. This study undertook a qualitative research approach by focusing on the post-millennial generation from a consumer perspective. Five focus groups were conducted with a total of 28 respondents. The findings showed that social media influencers could be seen as a complex driver of post-millennials’ sustainable fashion consumption. Four themes were identified being knowledge, social influence, responsibility and credibility, which contributes to an understanding of influencers’ role in affecting sustainable fashion consumption behavior. This research provides valuable insights of a relatively unexplored subject which is arguably relevant for businesses, social media influencers and the society.