Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dealing with the Plague of Plagiarism in Nigeria

Growing incidents of plagiarism seem to plague tertiary institutions in Nigeria and the world in general especially with the advent of the Internet. The aim of this paper, therefore, was to draw on existing literature to offer steps that could be taken in dealing with the plague of plagiarism. The study concludes with a summary of findings from literature and outlines various measures that can be taken by governing bodies, lecturers and students to maintain an environment of academic integrity free from the menace of plagiarism. Keywords: Academic Integrity; Plagiarism; Tertiary Institutions.
Perceptions of History Student-Teachers on Teaching Practice Supervision

This study examined the perceptions of History student-teachers in the University of Cape Coast. The study sought to find out the perceptions of History student-teachers on teaching practice supervision, the impact of the teaching practice supervision on History student-teachers and the challenges faced by History student-teachers during the teaching practice supervision. The study adopted an interpretive phenomenological methodology using a case study approach. Purposive sampling was used to select the respondents. The respondents were twelve in all. That is six (6) males and six (6) females. A focus group discussion was used to collect data which were analysed into themes by the researchers. The study revealed that History student-teachers generally were dissatisfied with the teaching practice supervision due to the inconsistencies and discriminations they perceived in it and also the general pedagogy employed. Again, on the issues of impact of the supervision, respondents expressed mixed feelings. Finally, the study revealed that History student-teachers faced a number of difficulties one of which was the difficulty in getting their supervisors to assess them. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the teaching practice unit should see to it that the right strategies for supervision were to be used by supervisors. Regarding the issue of being supervised by non-subject-specialists, the teaching practice unit should ensure that supervisors who are sent for supervisions have enough knowledge of the subject-matter of the field of study of the History. Keywords: perception, history student-teachers, teaching practice supervision.
PATTERNS OF PRESCRIPTION AND USAGE OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS FOR THE PROPHYLAXIS OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KARNATAKA, SOUTH INDIA

Background: Surgical Site Infections (SSI) are considered to be the most common post-operative complication and second most common cause of nosocomial infections. The administration of empirical antimicrobials preoperatively is one of the measures used to overcome risk of developing SSI . There is a need to generate basic database on the current prescription pattern of prophylactic antimicrobials in institutions all over India so that it can be used for understanding the ongoing trend before any organization can put forward recommendations or provide national guidelines. Aim: This study aims to explore the current prophylactic antimicrobials prescription pattern followed in surgical department in a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, South India. Methodology: A prospective study was carried out in Surgery department of a tertiary care hospital for a period of 12 months. Inpatients undergoing surgical procedures in Surgery department were included and data collected on baseline characteristics, surgical procedure, choice of prophylactic antibiotic, timing of administration, duration and dosage. Each patient was followed up till discharge from hospital. Institutional ethical clearance was obtained. Results: Out of 448 subjects 64.1 % were males and 35.9 % were females. Their ages ranged from 18 to 60. Majority (78%) had no baseline comorbidities. All subjects received prophylactic antibiotics, four subjects received oral antibiotics and others (444) intravenous antibiotics. Cephalosporin (90%) was the most frequently used antibiotic. Metronidazole was the most frequently used (80%) additional drug. There was inverse association with number of antibiotics prescribed and presence of co-morbidities (p=0.002). Subjects with co-morbidities had a longer mean duration of hospital stay (p<0.001). Majority (91.9%) of the subjects continued to receive antibiotics even after 24 hours of surgery. Five (1.1%) subjects developed SSI. Conclusion: The core concern of this study was universal prescription of prophylactic antibiotics and the extended duration of the antimicrobial prophylaxis. Due to lack of a standard guideline in India wide variation is seen in selection, duration and dosing of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) across the country and the study highlights the need to formulate and adopt unified guidelines.
Vitamin D Deficiency in Saudi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain major health problems in many parts of the world. We conducted a cross sectional study to investigate the prevalence vitamin D deficiency in patients with T2DM. Method: A cross-sectional single center study was conducted in 4053 patients with T2DM. Patients with T2DM attended the Diabetes Center at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between January 2018 and December 2018 were recruited. The serum concentration of 25(OH)D and HbA1c were measured. Results: There were 4053 patients with T2DM, 1145 male and 2908 female (28.3% vs. 71.7% respectively. The mean age was 53.9±16.5 years. Vitamin D deficiency (25-OHD < 50 nmol/l) was found in 1916 (47.3% ). Moreover, vitamin D deficiency was significantly more prevalent among females than males with male to female ratio 1:2.0 (66.8% vs. 33.2% respectively, p<0.0001). In addition, Vitamin D deficient patients were statistically significant younger than non-vitamin D deficient (50.3±16.2 vs. 57.2±16.0 respectively, p<0.0001). Vitamin D deficient patients have statistically significant higher HbA1c than non-vitamin D deficient (8.0±2 vs. 7.4±1.8 respectively, p<0.0001). The mean 25-OHD was upward as age advanced with highest frequency of vitamin D deficiency was found in the fourth and sixth decades with males statistically significant most frequent than females in the third, fifth to eighth decades. 25OHD concentration was significantly positively correlated with age (r=0.187, p<0.0001) and significantly negatively correlated with HbA1c (r= 0.161, p<0.0001). Regression analysis of odd ratio of risk factors for patients with vitamin D deficiency showed that female gender, age and HbA1c were statistically significant associated with vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with T2DM is high and that more females with T2DM are affected with vitamin D deficiency than males.
A Novel Classification Technique for Visual Evoked Potentials Based on Spectral Features using Neural Network

: It is important to differentially diagnose Optic neuropathy (ON) and Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) diseases for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. Generally, differentiation is accomplished by assessing the disc appearance, presence / absence of retrobular pain, patient’s age, mode of onset and other parameters of clinical and laboratory evaluation. However, in some patients, diagnosis may be difficult because of overlapping clinical profiles of these two disorders. In routine clinical practice, differentiation of ON and ION is accomplished by neurologist assessing recorded visual evoked potentials (VEPs) of a patient in only time domain, which is primarily concerned with P100 latency and its peak. In this paper, an attempt is made to overcome the difficulty of clinically overlapping profiles. A multilayer neural network model is developed with spectral features as the input vector and normal, ON & ION are the target outputs. This model was trained using back propagation algorithm and tested with variable nodes in both hidden layers. For a typical structure 6L: 30N:5N:3N the training error has been reduced significantly after about 100 epochs. This model has the potential to differentiate ON and ION with respect to normal subjects. Classification accuracy is computed using confusion matrix and found to be 83.33%. This novel technique is objective, hence overcomes clinically overlapping profiles of ON and ION diseases thus enables the neurologist in early therapy planning.
Outcome of Single Suture Trabeculectomy for Primary Congenital Glaucoma with Mitomycin C in an African Country

Background: Primary congenital glaucoma is a significant (but not common) cause of irreversible blindness, particularly when adequate surgical skills and facilities for determined follow-up are suboptimal. The often grim outcome of treatment is worsened by relatively late presentation of patients who suffer from the bilateral form. This study is to determine the clinical presentation, demographics and outcome of single suture trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C of patients presenting with features of primary congenital and infantile glaucomas (PCG) at the University of Port Harcourt teaching hospital, Rivers state, Nigeria. Methodology: Records of patients seen at the UPTH eye clinic diagnosed to have primary congenital glaucoma between the period of July 2008 and July 2012 were requested for and details about their vital statistics and clinical presentation were documented. Eyes were graded complete success, qualified success and complete failure according to standard definitions. Data was analyzed and presented in form of simple proportions. Results: Within the 4-year period reviewed, 38 eyes of 22 patients (2.38% of all glaucoma patients seen) were diagnosed to have PCG. Two folders could not be traced leaving 36 eyes of 20 patients, 15 males and 5 females (M: F ratio of 3:1). Mean age at presentation 4.5m (SD ± 8.1m) ranging from 5 days and 24months with mean history of duration of 4 months ranging from 5 days to 13 months. Only 21 eyes consented to EUA. Horizontal corneal diameter averaged 12.5 mm (range 11.5 to 15.5 mm). Mean IOP was 24 mmhg (SD ± 9.3) range 14 to 46mmhg. Haab striae was present in 14 eyes. CDR ranged from 0.5 to 1.0. Gonioscopy and A scan could not be carried out in these patients due to lack of equipment. Out of these, 17 had single suture fornix based triangular flap trabeculectomy with MMC. Two eyes required injections of 5 FU subconjunctivally postoperatively. All 17 had complete success at 1 month post-operative. Only 6 eyes remained after 2 months in FU. Of these, 3 eyes had complete success, 1 eye had qualified success and 2 eyes failed completely. Conclusion: Though not common, early recognition and intervention in patients with PCG can lead to restoration of visual development and function. In our series, single suture trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C had complete success in majority of the patients in the first 1 month but poor FU affected full evaluation of the final outcome. Social services need to be effective in reaching out. However, among those still in FU after 2 months, majority had complete success. Regular planned EUAs was a rate limiting step in the FU due to hospital cost issues. Allocation of adequate resources to equip centers with eye care workers with world class training will help to improve the visual future of these children.
Effect of Drought Stress (Mannitol) on Morphological Physiological Activity and Anatomy of Cow Pea Plant(Vigna unguiculata)

In this study 21 days old seedlings of Cow pea plant (Vigna unguiculata L) were subject to different drought stress levels (0g, 0.1g and 0.2g mannitol) at germination and early seedling growth stage of plant development. Data were analyzed for growth parameters such as plant height, fresh and dry weight, leaf water content (LWC), and length of radicle and plumule during germination period, and biochemical parameters such as proline content, membrane stability index (MSI), malondealdehyde (MDA) content, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activity Catalase (CAT) and Peroxidase (POD). In this study it was seen that the effect of salt stress reduced plant height, fresh and dry weight, LWC, radical and plumule length. Salt stress reduced the biochemical activities and also chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total pigment content. The decrease was 0.58,0.11 and 0.69 respectively. The result showed an increase in the activity of CAT enzyme in leaves and root with increasing salt concentration. An increase CAT activity were found with 0.1g, 0.2g mannitol treatment which represented values of relative increasing of 15.2g/L and 17.2 in leaves and 9.2g/L and 11.7g/L in root respectively. There was increase in the activity of POD enzyme in leaves and root with increasing salt concentration. The level of POD activity was found with 0.1g,0.2g NaCl treatment, which represented relative increase 71.14 and 82.34%in leaves.
GROWTH AND FRUIT YIELD OF TOMATO AS INFLUENCED BY COMBINED USE OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZER IN KABBA, NIGERIA

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of integrated use of chemical and organic fertilizers on growth and fruit yield of tomato in Kabba College of Agriculture. The experiment involved five treatments which are as follows: 125kh/ha NPK+3t/ha poultry manure, 125kg/ha NPK+3t/ha cow dung, 125kg/ha NPK+3t/ha kitchen waste, 125kg/ha NPK 15:15:15 and Control. The treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated four times. The parameters taken on soil chemical properties are soil pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and soil organic matter. Growth and yield parameters taken are as follows: plant height (cm), number of leaves, and stem girth (cm), number of fruit per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm) and yield per land area (kg/ha). Result obtained from parameters studied (Plant height, leaf numbers, branch number, stem girth, fruit number per plant and fruits weight) revealed that tomato performed better (P<0.05) with the application of 125kg/ha NPK+3t/ha poultry manure application. The also, study showed that use of inorganic and organic fertilizer had better effects on growth and yield of tomato. Therefore, for good yield and better productivity of tomato, a combination of 125kg/ha NPK fertilizer + 3t/ha poultry waste is recommended for tomato production in the study area.
The Implementation of Testlet Models into Evaluating a Reading Comprehension Test

Testlets, groups of test items that share the common input, are widely used in language testing. However, there lies a problem of Local Item Dependence (LID) which may result in adverse consequences for test score perception. This study analyzed the reading comprehension section of an English multiple-choice test to determine whether, and to what extent, testlet effects are inherent by using Testlet Response Theory (TRT). The data was gathered from 1653 non-English majors taking that final test at a university in Vietnam. The comparison of item difficulty and discrimination between Testlet Response model and Item Response Theory (IRT) model was made to illustrate the testlet effects. The paper, therefore, demonstrated how these models can be utilized into the test development process so that test developers can choose the best-fitting model and minimize inaccuracies of ability estimation.
Reward System as a Strategic HRM Determining Work Productivity in Hospitality Organizations

This research was funded by Kemenristek DIKTI in 2019 Abstract This study aims to examine the strategic Human Resource Management (HRM) on organizational performance and enrich the scientific field of organizational performance. There is still not much research on organizational performance in the hospitality industry. Research locations in Malang Raya include Malang City, Malang District and Batu City (Indonesia). The research design is quantitative experimental. Research respondents were hotel personnel managers or assistant managers who worked for more than one year. Each hotel is represented by one respondent. The study population was 117 hotels. The method of determining the sample is a census. Questionnaire as an instrument to collect data. Data analysis techniques using description analysis and linear regression. The results of the research prove that strategic HRM has a significant effect on organizational performance and a rewards system is highly needed by employees when an industry is in a highly competitive position. Keywords: strategic HRM, organizational performance, reward system, productivity, hospitality DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-36-04 Publication date: December 31 st 2019
The Effectiveness of a Hearing Conservation Program for Fourth Grade Students

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A HEARING CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR FOURTH GRADE STUDENTS By Anne M. Byrnes Hearing conservation programs (HCP) used in industrial work settings reduce noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) in adults. There is a growing movement to adapt HCPs for use with children as a means to prevent hearing loss in later life. The purpose of this study is to measure the effectiveness of a HCP appropriate for use in fourth grade classrooms. It was hypothesized that this program could significantly improve knowledge of ear anatomy and how hearing loss occurs, as well as increase willingness to practice hearing protection strategies. Two 4 grade classrooms received the HCP. Outcome measures were compared with a control group. The results indicated a significant increase in overall knowledge from pre to post test results compared to the control group. The intervention also increased willingness to practice hearing conservation strategies. The Effectiveness of a Hearing Conservation Program for Fourth Grade Students A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology By Anne M. Byrnes Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2003 Advisor ______________________________________ Laura Jean Kelly, Ph.D. Reader _______________________________________ Kathleen Hutchinson, Ph.D. Reader ______________________________________ Ann Glaser, M.S., CCC-SLP
Women’s Education and Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa: Channels and

This paper seeks to contribute to the debate on the channels of influence of education on fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It uses individual level data of DHS of 14 countries of SSA to discuss the relative importance of the main channels that appear in the literature. The paper argues that compared to opportunity costs of children and the bargaining power of women, exposure to media and contraceptive use are the most influential channels through which education could cause fertility to decline consistently in SSA. These findings that were found robust with different measures of education and fertility suggest then, a better design of schooling policies as well as curricula in SSA, so as to minimize drop-out, reduce gender gap and prepare young girls regarding fertility concerns. In addition, contraceptive use should be promoted through media. The paper ends with a discussion on the causality issue and suggests a better setting in order to comfort its findings.
The Effect of Some Extracts on the Stone Fruit Aphi d “ Hyalopterus Pruni” in Duhok Region

The results of insecticidal effect of three plants extracts, Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtaceae), Nerium oleander (apocyna eae) and Myrtus communis (Myrtaceae) were studied on the stone frui t pest “Hyalopterus pruni” with four concentrations (4, 6,8 and 10%). Respons e varied with plant species and concentrations. Highest mortality percentage ag ainst “Hyalopterus pruni”adults was achieved with extract of Eucalyptu s camaldulensis leaves, reached 92.6% at 10% after 48days of treatment. Als o Nerium oleander showed a clear effect on adult mortality that reached 40.4 % after 24 days of treatment.
EVALUATION OF GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AND CHEMICAL ASSAY OF KAEMPFERIA GALANGA L. CULTIVARS FOUND IN MANIPUR, NORTH-EAST INDIA

Article History: Received 5, May, 2015 Received in revised form 12, May, 2015 Accepted 6, June, 2015 Published online 28, June, 2015 Kaempferia galanga L. , a member of the family Zingiberaceae is used as a medicinal plant for remedy of nasal blocks, asthma, hypertension, rheumatism etc. Eight cultivars from Manipur, North-East India were subjected to genetic diversity estimation using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) analyses. Twenty five RAPD primers were used for amplification of the genomic DNA. Out of these, thirteen primers yielded polymorphic bands generating distinct bands in all the cultivars. Twenty ISSR primers were used out of which eleven produced prominent and scorable bands. On average, 5.38 bands per primer were observed by RAPD and 6.54 bands per primer by ISSR markers. The polymorphic bands were used to estimate genetic variability with Dice Similarity Coefficient using NTSYSpc2.2 software. A dendrogram was constructed using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) algorithm based on the similarity index for the taxa. Cluster analysis by RAPD and ISSR markers revealed clear distinct diversity between cultivars. The chemical analyses revealed that Tamenglong cultivar has the highest vitamin C content. Highest phenol was found in Ukhrul cultivar. Imphal-east cultivar has maximum value of kaempferol content.
Effect of Accounting Information on Investment in Nigerian Poultry Agricultural Sector

The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of accounting information on investment in Nigerian Poultry Agricultural Sector. Specifically the study investigated on the effects of profitability, gearing ratio and growth opportunity on investment in Nigerian agricultural sector. This study adopted a descriptive design which is described as a method of collecting information by interviewing or administering a questionnaire to a sample of individuals. The instrument of data collection for this research was a secondary guide as the study used secondary data. The study targeted all the investors in the industry. The sample of this study is 68 investors because the target population is infinite. Descriptive statistics such as mode, median, mean, standard deviation, etc were used to perform data analysis. These measures were calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPPS 20) software. SPSS tool (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was used to organize and analyze data. The study findings indicated that there was increase in number of investments in agricultural sector in Nigeria for the last three years. The results indicate that the variables; profitability, gearing ratio and growth opportunity were satisfactory in explaining investment. This conclusion is supported by the R square of 0.885. This means that the combined effect of the predictor variables (profitability, gearing ratio and growth opportunity) explains 88.5% of the variations in investment in agricultural sector. The results reveal that profitability, gearing ratio and growth opportunity are statistically significant in explaining investment in agricultural sector in Nigeria. Key Words : Accounting information, Investment, Gearing Ratio, Opportunity