Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of AGTR1 A1166C and CYP2C9∗3 Gene Polymorphisms with the Antihypertensive Effect of Valsartan

Background The differences in the antihypertensive treatment with angiotensin type II receptor blockers (ARBs) may be attributed to polymorphisms in genes involving drug-targeted receptor and drug metabolism. The present study aimed to investigate whether the antihypertensive effect of the ARB drug valsartan was associated with angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) gene polymorphism (A1166 C) and cytochrome P450 enzyme 2C9 (CYP2C9) gene polymorphism (CYP2C9∗3). Methods 281 patients with hypertension who received valsartan monotherapy in the past month were included in this retrospective study. Polymerase chain reaction-melting curve analysis was performed to genotype the AGTR1 and CYP2C9 gene polymorphisms. Based on the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the time of visit, the patients were divided into well-controlled group (n = 144, SBP/DBP <140/90 mmHg) and poorly controlled group (n = 137, SBP/DBP ≥140/90 mmHg). Results Older age, decreased history of drinking, a higher proportion of mild-to-moderate hypertension, lower alanine aminotransferase levels, and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were observed in the well-controlled group than the poorly controlled group. Higher frequencies of the C allele and AC + CC genotype of AGTR1 A1166C were detected in the well-controlled than the poorly controlled patients (P = 0.005 and P = 0.006). After adjustment for demographic and environmental factors, the CC + AC genotype of AGTR1 A1166C was markedly linked to better hypertension control with valsartan treatment compared to the AA genotype (odds ratio: 2.836, 95% confidence interval: 1.199–6.705, P = 0.018). No significant difference was observed in the allele or genotype distribution of CYP2C9∗3 polymorphism between well-controlled and poorly controlled patients. Conclusions The current data suggested that the AGTR1 A1166 C polymorphism may be associated with the antihypertensive effect of valsartan, and carriers with AC and CC genotypes may have a better antihypertensive efficacy response to valsartan treatment.
Validitas Instrumen Penilaian Higher Order Thinking Skills (Hots) pada Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati

Proses pembelajaran biologi mengarahkan peserta didik agar mengimplementasikan ilmu yang telah dipelajari ke tingkat kognitif yang lebih tinggi. Kegiatan proses pembelajaran dapat dinyatakan berhasil salah satunya melalui evaluasi atau penilaian pembelajaran. Penilaian di sekolah masih banyak menggunakan ujian berdasar soal yang berada di LKS dengan level kognitif tingkat C1-C3 sehingga diperlukan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir tingkat yang lebih tinggi. Salah satu penilaian yang dikembangkan adalah penilaian HOTS yang ditujukan agar peserta didik dapat memecahkan permasalahan, berpikir kritis dan kreatif. Tujuan penelitian yakni menghasilkan instrumen penilaian HOTS pada materi keanekaragaman hayati. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Research and Development yang dibatasi dengan lima tahapan yaitu potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan informasi, desain produk, validasi desain produk dan revisi produk. Batasan penelitian ini sampai tahap pengembangan dan validasi produk. Tahap validasi dilakukan oleh dua dosen ahli pendidikan menggunakan lembar validasi instrumen penilaian HOTS. Data hasil validasi dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan reliabilitas instrumen menggunakan percentage agreement mendapat kategori reliabel dengan hasil 99,53% pada butir soal pilihan ganda dan butir soal esai mendapat 100% serta skor validitas instrumen penilaian HOTS sebesar 3,94 pada butir soal pilihan ganda 1-4 dan skor sebesar 4 pada butir soal pilihan ganda 5-15 serta esai 1-5 dengan kategori sangat valid ditinjau dari aspek materi, konstruksi soal, bahasa dan HOTS. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, maka disimpulkan bahwa instrumen penilaian HOTS materi keanekaragaman hayati dikategorikan valid dan reliabel berdasarkan validasi ahli sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan peserta didik dalam proses belajar. Kata Kunci: Instrumen penilaian, HOTS, keanekaragaman hayati
Do Wages Grow with Experience? Deciphering the Russian Puzzle

IZA DP No. 15068 FEBRUARY 2022 Do Wages Grow with Experience? Deciphering the Russian Puzzle The study explores how wages grow with experience in the Russian Federation. In all available cross-sectional data, the trajectory of the observed wage–experience profile is flat, peaks early, and declines sharply afterwards. This shape looks puzzling since it differs starkly from that observed in both developed and developing countries. We show that a proper interpretation of the wage–experience profile is hindered by the APC problem, when the effects of time, cohort, and experience are mixed. Our study uses data from the RLMSHSE household survey covering the years 2000-2019. Relying on human capital theory, we apply a procedure suggested by Heckman et al. (1998) and advanced in Lagakos et al. (2018) to disentangle the APC effects. With certain assumptions concerning human capital depreciation due to aging, our results show that Russian wages do grow monotonically with experience. However, this growth is partially offset by the cohort effect that that proceeds in the opposite direction, thus reflecting massive depreciation of the human capital of workers from older cohorts. Meanwhile, the time effect mirrors the general GDP path as well as all booms and busts over the period. JEL Classification: J24, J31
EFFECTS OF SPLITTER BLADES ON THE LAW OF INNER FLOW WITHIN CENTRIFUGAL PUMP IMPELLER

Analysis on the inner flow field of a centrifugal pump impeller with splitter blades is car- ried out by numerical simulation.Based on this analysis,the principle of increasing pump head and efficiency are discussed.New results are obtained from the analysis of turbulence kinetic energy and relative velocity distribution:Firstly,unreasonable length or deviation design of the splitter blades may cause great turbulent fluctuation in impeller channel,which has a great effect on the stability of impeller outlet flow;Secondly,it is found that the occurrence of flow separation can be decreased or delayed with splitter blades from the analysis of blade loading;Thirdly,the effect of splitter blades on reforming the structure of"jet-wake"is explained from the relative velocity distribution at different flow cross-sections,which shows the flow process in the impeller.The inner flow analysis verifies the results of performance tests results and the PIV test.
How did the Covid-19 pandemic affect individuals with schizophrenia from Turkey?

Background: Serious mental illness, including schizophrenia, have been shown to be associated with psychosocial vulnerabilities in the face of adverse events. While individuals with schizophrenia might undergo many psychosocial difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic, they might also not be affected, or report increased subjective well-being. This suggests that it is important to understand diverse impacts and further understand the unique experiences. Methods: To capture how the pandemic affected them and how they handled the challenges if there were any in the initial and more recent phases of the pandemic, 18 individuals with schizophrenia living in Turkey were interviewed. Results: Thematic analysis of interviews resulted in four superordinate themes for both time points. Three themes related to the impact of the pandemic (i.e. burdens of COVID-19, positive impacts of COVID-19, no impact of COVID-19) indicated that they shared a number of challenges with the general population. Themes about the positive impacts and no impact also replicated the previous findings in this clinical population. One last theme named as facilitators of coping implied that the participants tried to deal with the burdens by using available resources, adapt to the changes in their daily living, and benefit from social interaction and support. Conclusions: To conclude, people with schizophrenia seem to be coping with challenges posed by the pandemic with diverse strategies and they seem to even experience psychological growth alongside with negative impacts. The individualized needs and potential for growth have pivotal implications for the management of the illness during the pandemic.
Use of Centrifuge Tests for the Validation of Innovative Concepts in Foundation Engineering

The design of important civil engineering structures often introduces new concepts which have not be validated by previous experience. Extensive use of numerical modeling may help understand the behavior of structures under extreme loading conditions. However, this modeling requires an experimental validation that only centrifuge tests may offer. This use of centrifuge tests as a validation tool is illustrated for the foundations of the Rion Antirion bridge (Greece).
Effects of buoyancy on turbulent scalar flux closure for turbulent premixed flames in the context of Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes simulations

The effects of body force on the statistical behaviour of turbulent scalar flux and its closure in the context of Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes simulations have been studied using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of statistically planar turbulent premixed flames under different turbulence intensities and Froude numbers. An increase in body force magnitude in the case of unstable density stratification has been found to augment flame wrinkling, burning rate and gradient transport in comparison to a case without body force but with statistically similar unburned gas turbulence. By contrast, an increase in body force magnitude in the case of stable stratification reduces the flame wrinkling, burning rate and gradient transport in comparison to the flame without body force subjected to statistically similar unburned gas turbulence. Based on a-priori DNS analysis, an algebraic closure for turbulent scalar flux has been identified where the Froude number effects are explicitly accounted for. The body force has been found to have significant influence on the statistical behaviours and magnitudes of the terms of the scalar flux transport equation and this effect is particularly strong for the mean pressure gradient term in the scalar flux transport equation. Based on a detailed a priori DNS analysis, suitable model expressions have been identified for the turbulent transport, pressure gradient, dissipation and reaction rate-velocity correlation terms of the scalar flux transport equation by incorporating the effects of body force (e.g. Froude number effects) for improved model performance.
Incidence, Characteristics, and Management of Patients with Recurrent Myocardial Infarctions: Insights from the EYESHOT POST-MI

Background It is unknown whether patients who survived two or multiple episodes of myocardial infarction (MI) present different clinical characteristics and management than patients at their first MI. Methods The EYESHOT post-MI was a prospective, observational, nationwide study aimed to evaluate the management of patients presenting to cardiologists 1 to 3 years from the last MI event. In 3 months of enrolment, 165 Italian cardiology centers included 1633 consecutive post-MI patients. In the present analysis, we stratified the study cohort according to the number of prior MI episodes (i.e., 1, 2 or ≥3). Results Among the 1618 patients enrolled with complete data on MI history, 1335 (82.5%) were at their first MI episode, 209 (12.9%) had a history of 2 MIs, and the remaining 74 (4.6%) had ≥ 3 prior MIs. Patients with a history of multiple MIs were increasingly older and presented a significantly higher rate of risk factors compared to those at their first MI. During the year prior to enrolment, patients with 2 or ≥3 MI episodes more frequently underwent coronary angiography compared to the other group (p < 0.0001). In addition, several lifesaving and antianginal drugs were more frequently prescribed in patients presenting with a history of multiple MIs compared to those at their first MI. Conclusions Our data suggest that patients with multiple MIs managed by cardiologists in routine clinical practice present an incremental clinical risk, more frequently undergo coronary angiography, and are more intensively managed with pharmacological therapies compared to patients at their first MI episode.
An Adult With Dyke–Davidoff–Masson Syndrome: A Case Report

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) is a rare disease affecting the brain with almost 100 cases previously reported, with only 21 cases among adults. Due to the intricacy of clinical manifestations and radiological findings, it is difficult to reach the diagnosis. It usually includes atrophy of the cerebral hemisphere, dilation of the lateral ventricle, hypertrophy of skull bones, and hyperpneumatization of air sinuses. Herein, we present a case of a 55-year-old female patient who presented with a new-onset seizure. This case emphasizes the importance of considering DDMS in the differential diagnosis of adult-onset seizures, especially in patients with a previous history of brain insult, and demonstrates the possibility of developing this condition despite the lack of childhood symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported in Jordan.
Trophic niche partitioning between two prey and their incidental predators revealed various threats for an endangered species

Abstract Documenting trophic niche partitioning and resource use within a community is critical to evaluate underlying mechanisms of coexistence, competition, or predation. Detailed knowledge about foraging is essential as it may influence the vital rates, which, in turn, can affect trophic relationships between species, and population dynamics. The aims of this study were to evaluate resource and trophic niche partitioning in summer/autumn between the endangered Atlantic‐Gaspésie caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) population, moose (Alces americanus) and their incidental predators, the black bear (Ursus americanus) and coyote (Canis latrans), and to quantify the extent to which these predators consumed caribou. Bayesian isotopic analysis showed a small overlap in trophic niche for the two sympatric ungulates suggesting a low potential for resource competition. Our results also revealed that caribou occupied a larger isotopic niche area than moose, suggesting a greater diversity of resources used by caribou. Not surprisingly, coyotes consumed mainly deer (Odocoileus virginianus), moose, snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus), and occasionally caribou, while bears consumed mainly vegetation and, to a lesser extent, moose and caribou. As coyotes and bears also feed on plant species, we documented trophic niche overlap between caribou and their predators, as searching for similar resources can force them to use the same habitats and thus increase the encounter rate and, ultimately, mortality risk for caribou. Although the decline in the Gaspésie caribou population is mostly driven by habitat‐mediated predation, we found evidence that the low level of resource competition with moose, added to the shared resources with incidental predators, mainly bears, may contribute to jeopardize the recovery of this endangered caribou population. Highlighting the trophic interaction between species is needed to establish efficient conservation and management strategies to insure the persistence of endangered populations. The comparison of trophic niches of species sharing the same habitat or resources is fundamental to evaluate the mechanisms of coexistence or competition and eventually predict the consequences of ecosystem changes in the community.
Geogenomics of montane palms points to Miocene–Pliocene Andean segmentation related to strike‐slip tectonics

In geographically and ecologically heterogeneous landscapes, such as tropical mountains, widely distributed species may be informative proxies for studying landscape and climatic evolution. We explore historical vicariant and dispersal processes that may have determined the genetic structure and variation of a palm species complex living in cloud forests. We hypothesize that the genomic groupings reflect uplift‐based isolation by vicariance, divergence via dispersal events driven by faulted montane segments or recent divergence due to climate fluctuations.
Investigation on Time-Varying Behavior of NI HTS Field Coil for Synchronous Motors Considering Armature Reaction and Slotting Effect

This paper presents calculation results of time-varying behavior of no-insulation (NI) high temperature superconductor (HTS) field coil for synchronous motor considering armature reaction and slotting effect. We selected four NI HTS motor models having different stator topologies for confirmation of armature reaction and slotting effect. Also, before NI behavior analysis, we proposed a wound field synchronous motor (WFSM) dq-equivalent circuit which can be considered as a circuit model of insulated (INS) HTS motor. The circuit model used in this paper contains parameters varying with the position of rotor and dq-axes cross-coupling inductance for describing the armature reaction and slotting effect of practical motor. Next, to investigate time-varying behavior of NI field coil during steady-state operation, simulations of a new circuit model combining proposed dq-equivalent circuit and NI lumped circuit were implemented. Turn to turn radial leak current values of selected models were calculated at different armature current density. Also, torque ripple values of the NI and the INS case were obtained by circuit simulations. It can be confirmed that peak to peak radial current occurs by largest value at the topology having the greatest flux linkage harmonics and torque ripple value of NI motor is smaller than that of INS HTS motor.
Student Assistance Programs: A Valuable Resource for Substance-involved Adolescents

Many schools attempted to forge a systematic response to growing alcohol and drug-related problems in the 1960s and early 1970s. At their best, these responses combined primary prevention and early intervention activities with strong linkages to adolescent treatment resources and the development of school-based recovery supports during and following treatment. In the mid-1970s, these activities were integrated within a growing network of student assistance programs (SAPs). In the intervening years, SAPs have:  evolved into a professional field (via the National Student Assistance Association),  developed different models for delivering SA services (e.g., core team model, in-house counselor model, external SAP model, eclectic model) (Love, 2005),  extended their focus from alcohol and drugs to an ever-widening net
Social distancing in risk society: a cross-national analysis of policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Countries that implement strict policy measures to combat coronavirus contagion increase their probability of achieving successful social distancing practice when compared to the countries without such strict policies. I used Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) as a quasi-experimental evaluation option to perform regression models and show differences in social distancing efforts. I utilized 3,997 observations for 132 countries, drawn from the Oxford CGRT Stringency Index and Google Community Mobility data. The results show that people’s community mobility to various locations has flattened significantly as policy measures become stricter. In this paper, I considered current underlying health situation to be symptomatic of a risk society and argued that policy interventions’ effectiveness in response to COVID-19 depends on political leaders, public health authorities, and institutions’ credibility. Political rhetoric, politically motivated scientific solutions, and political downplaying of the underlying health implications weaken the responsible organizations and institutions, particularly when leaders undermine inclusive stringent policies and their implementation.
Distributed Deep CNN-LSTM Model for Intrusion Detection Method in IoT-Based Vehicles

As 5G and other technologies are widely used in the Internet of Vehicles, intrusion detection plays an increasingly important role as a vital detection tool for information security. However, due to the rapid changes in the structure of the Internet of Vehicles, the large data flow, and the complex and diverse forms of intrusion, traditional detection methods cannot ensure their accuracy and real-time requirements and cannot be directly applied to the Internet of Vehicles. A new AA distributed combined deep learning intrusion detection method for the Internet of Vehicles based on the Apache Spark framework is proposed in response to these problems. The cluster combines deep-learning convolutional neural network (CNN) and extended short-term memory (LSTM) network to extract features and data for detection of car network intrusion from large-scale car network data traffic and discovery of abnormal behavior. The experimental results show that compared with other existing models, the algorithm of this model can reach 20 in the fastest time, and the accuracy rate is up to 99.7%, with a good detection effect.
Investigation of drug regimens and treatment outcome in patients with Mycobacterium Simiae: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Introduction Mycobacterium simiae (M.simiae), a non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM), rare causes infection including localized pulmonary to disseminated disease in immunocompromised patients. An optimal pharmacological management practice has not yet been defined for this infection. This study investigates drug regimens and treatment outcomes in patients with M. simiae to describe different drug regimen with the therapeutic response. Areas covered The three databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science were systematically searched from June 1994 to June 2021 to retrieve relevant articles. The inclusion criterion included studies, which reported treatment outcomes in patients with M. simiae infections. Treatment success was defined as the achievement of culture conversion, and the improvement of the symptoms and radiologic signs among the patients. Expert opinion Data of 223 patients were retrieved from 40 studies. Duration of the treatment regimens used in different studies ranged from 2 to 12 months. The most common treatment regimens administered for M. simiae infection were as follows: clarithromycin, rifampin, ethambutol, moxifloxacin, or ciprofloxacin and amikacin plus cotrimoxazole or pyrazinamide in some regimens. Macrolides, such as clarithromycin, combined with quinolones (such as moxifloxacin) and TMP/SMX, which are used in combination, had the most significant effect on eliminating the pulmonary signs of M. simiae.