Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Smoking and Tobacco in Ohio Prisons

The rate of incarceration in the United States has grown steadily since the mid1970s to a point where 1% of American adults are currently being held in jails and prisons. Prisoners are sicker than the general population with a high prevalence of many negative health behaviors. Tobacco use is one such behavior, with past surveys finding that up to 85% of prisoners smoke. The Smoking and Tobacco in Ohio Prisons (STOP) Project was undertaken to examine the impact of incarceration on smoking behaviors and lay the groundwork for further research into tobacco use in prisons. A total of 200 recently-arrived male inmates, drawn from two Ohio prisons, were surveyed about their tobacco use. Several measures of tobacco use were evaluated as part of the study. Self-reports were found to be a valid measure of tobacco use in the sample, based on biomarker confirmation (sensitivity = 98.5%, specificity = 88.9%). Carbon monoxide breath tests were less valid (sensitivity = 85.4%, specificity = 91.7%), especially among occasional smokers; however, as a non-invasive, inexpensive way of measuring shortterm smoking they may still offer a useful measure in some research contexts. Using an enzyme immunoassay to measure salivary cotinine offers a less-expensive alternative to the gold standard liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, however the current study found that economic savings are moderated by false-positive results (sensitivity = 94.2%, specificity = 100.0%).
O03.1 Risk Factors For Antimicrobial Resistant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae in Europe

Introduction The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control is responsible for the enhanced surveillance of sexually transmitted infections and co-ordinates the European gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance programme (Euro-GASP) in the European Union and the European Economic Area. Linked patient and antimicrobial susceptibility data from Euro-GASP allows those at risk of acquiring antimicrobial resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae to be identified. Methods Seventeen countries in 2009 and 21 countries in 2010 and 2011 submitted gonococcal isolates to Euro-GASP, which were tested by Etest or agar dilution for cefixime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, spectinomycin and gentamicin. Additional patient data linked to the gonococcal isolates susceptibility profiles was collected. All three years antimicrobial susceptibility data and linked patient data were combined. Patient variables associated with resistance were established using a univariate and multivariable analyses of odds ratios. Geometric means for ceftriaxone and cefixime MICs were calculated. Results A total of 5034 gonococcal isolates were tested in Euro-GASP from 2009 to 2011. In the multivariable analysis heterosexuals (males only for ciprofloxacin), older patients and those without a concurrent chlamydia infection remained significantly more likely to be infected with isolates displaying cefixime decreased susceptibility and ciprofloxacin resistance. The geometric mean of cefixime and ceftriaxone MICs decreased from 2009 to 2011, most significantly for MSM; MSM had lower geometric means than heterosexuals in 2011. A bimodal MIC distribution of a ‘more susceptible’ and ‘less susceptible’ gonococcal population appears to be emerging alongside this geometric mean decrease. Conclusion This Euro-GASP data suggests that the burden of gonococcal antimicrobial resistance is more prevalent among heterosexuals and decreasing in MSM. This study shows the importance of collecting and analysing patient data along with susceptibility data, however improved data numbers and representativeness is required before any focused treatments or public health intervention strategies are initiated. Abstract O03.1 Table 1 Patient risk factors for antimicrobial resistance (OR, 95% CI from multivariable analysis) Cefixime decreased susceptibility Ciprofloxacin resistance MSM 1 1 Male heterosexuals 2.39 (1.58–3.61)* 1.49 (1.21–1.83)* Female 2.75 (1.68–4.5)* 1.04 (0.8–1.34) < 25 years 1 1 ≥ 25 years 2.07 (1.36–3.13)* 1.67 (1.37–2.05)* Chlamydia - yes 1 1 Chlamydia - no 1.87(1.1–3.16)* 2.2 (1.74–2.8)* * P value < 0.05 (from the Pearson Chi2-test)
Authentic and Pragmatic Marketing Effects by Paradigm Shifts on Brand Authenticity to Produce Sustainable Value

This study aimed to investigate two marketing effects, namely, authentic and pragmatic, through paradigm shifts, as a solution to the epistemic crisis of brand authenticity. The research methods of this study were based on quantitative and descriptive surveys. The statistical population was 385 Iranian students at Islamic Azad Universities selected using stratified random sampling. The sample size was determined by Morgan’s table. Data were collected and distributed by questionnaire. The structural equation modeling technique used the partial least squares approach for data analysis. The findings indicate that both authentic and pragmatic marketing are more effective on brand authenticity through paradigm shift. Sustainable value production was not separate from economic growth. Rather, it sustains growth, and this paradigm shift, while developing the knowledge economy, affects the quality of a university-produced product. This makes it a prominent and authentic cultural institution, because brand originality has content in social interaction.
Comments on “Overlapped Phased Array Antenna for Avalanche Radar”

The paper <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref> is devoted to the development of a phased array antenna for avalanche radar providing electrical scanning of beam within the angular sector of ±14°. The paper contains useful information being of interest for the antenna society; however, there are a few comments given in the following.
Real‐time crack assessment using deep neural networks with wall‐climbing unmanned aerial system

Crack information provides important evidence of structural degradation and safety in civil structures. Existing inspection methods are inefficient and difficult to rapidly deploy. A real‐time crack inspection method is proposed in this study to address this difficulty. Within this method, a wall‐climbing unmanned aerial system (UAS) is developed to acquire detailed crack images without distortion, then a wireless data transmission method is applied to fulfill real‐time detection requirements, allowing smartphones to receive real‐time video taken from the UAS. Next, an image data set including 1,330 crack images taken by the wall‐climbing UAS is established and used for training a deep‐learning model. For increasing detection speed, state‐of‐the‐art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are compared and employed to train the crack detector; the selected model is transplanted into an android application so that the detection of cracks can be undertaken on a smartphone in real time. Following this, images with cracks are separated and crack width is calculated using an image processing method. The proposed method is then applied to a building where crack information is acquired and calculated accurately with high efficiency, thus verifying the practicability of the proposed method and system.
Biomechanics of TMJ and Its Clinical Relevance to Orthodontics: A Review. -

The temporomandibular joint is one of the most complex operational systems in the human body. The problems associated with the diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has aroused interest to the orthodontist. The attention to signs and symptoms associated with TMD has modified the clinical management before, during and after orthodontic treatment. So, Knowledge of the general morphology and biomechanics makes basic examination of the TMJ region easier thereby maintaining the normal integrity of the joint to have normal form and function.
The Effects on Consumer Behavior of Hotel Related Comments on the TripAdvisor Website: An Istanbul Case

In parallel with the major developments witnessed in information technologies, social media, supported by its broad area of usage, is gaining significance in every field, with the tourism sector being no exception in this regard. The transfer of changing marketing strategies via digital channels into social media has transformed the way customers interact with the tourism sector, having now the ability to access the comments of other consumers via social media, and adjusting their preferences accordingly. In this study, the impact of the content analysis on the star rating given to hotels is examined with a “Panel Data Analysis” of all the hotels in Istanbul that have received a maximum of 25 reviews on the TripAdvisor website, with a total of 12,000 comments assessed. It was found that the location of the hotel, the access to transport facilities, the food and beverage concept, the quality of staff/service, and the cleanliness of the facilities all affected the star ratings given to hotels; while the architectural structure and the recommendations of other guests had a lesser effect. It was further noted that entertainment-animation programs had little effect on guest preferences.
Influence of Retained Fetal Membranes on Reproductive Health of Crossbred Cows

A study was carried out to compare the effect of retained fetal membranes on reproductive health of crossbred cows. 24 crossbred cows selected were divided into control group (consisted of 6 cows which had normal 3rd phase of parturition) and RFM group (consisted of total 18 cows with retained fetal membranes for more than 12 hrs). The time required for expulsion fetal membranes, cessation of lochial discharge, gross uterine involution, service period and number of AI required per conception was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher and appearance of first postpartum estrus was nonsignificantly higher in retained fetal membranes (RFM) cows than normally calved cows.
Boards that Make a Difference in Firm’s Acquisitions: The Role of Interlocks and Former Politicians in Spain

This study examines the influence of board interlocks and former politicians on decisions regarding acquisitions in Spain. Our research suggests that board interlocks to other firms can positively influence operations in terms of acquisition scale. Our findings also show that this relationship is positively moderated by the presence of former politicians. That is, the effects of interlocks on acquisitions are amplified further when there are former politicians on boards, which confirms their role as community influentials. In the case of Spain, and under-regulated industries, this complementary effect is maintained. However, the role played by interlocks seems to be more important than former politicians, which means that board interlocks can replace other formal methods of acquiring information (through former politicians) while attempting acquisitions.
Advertising, Perceived Value, Social Influence and Purchase Mangament

This study aims to examine the role of advertising, perceived value, and social influence in purchasing managements on cosmetic products. The data used in this research was obtained from questionnaires. The research model was tested quantitatively through a field survey of 257 Hasanuddin university students using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 23 (Statistical Product and Service Solutions). The results of this study indicate that advertising, perceived value and social influence have positive influence on purchase management. Advertising and perceived value are two variable that have significant influence on purchase management. Given the importance of consumer purchasing managements for business sustainability and often contributing strategically, this research has implications for theoretical and practical development.
Antecedents for the Utilisation of Web 2.0 Tools for Knowledge Management Practices in Academic Libraries of Tanzania

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the antecedents for the utilisation of Web 2.0 tools to enhance Knowledge Management (KM) practices in academic libraries of Tanzania. Eight out of the twelve academic libraries were selected. Data gathered through questionnaires distributed to library staff (n= 278), with a response rate of 91.36%. The study used the DeLone and McLean Information System (IS) Success Model to come up with KMS Success Model. Thus, the KMS Success Model was empirically via a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach to examine the antecedents for the utilisation of Web 2.0 tools for the KM practices in academic libraries. The findings reveal that service quality increases user satisfaction and intention to use Web 2.0 tools. Knowledge quality and system quality increase the intention to use and net benefits of using Web 2.0 tools. Further, user satisfaction increases intention to use and net benefits, whereas intention to use increases the net benefits of using Web 2.0 tools to enhance KM practices in academic libraries. This study was conducted to introduce new direction of KM practices through the application of Web 2.0 tools. DeLone and McLean IS Model was used to develop KMS success model which was tested and proved positive significant in KM practices and in facilitating libraries services.
How to manage postcholecystectomy abdominal pain

Gallstones affect 5%–25% of adults in the Western world, and each year approximately 2%–4% will develop symptoms attributable to gallstones,1 including biliary colic and epigastric pain. Complications of gallstones include acute pancreatitis, acute cholecystitis, biliary obstruction, jaundice and cholangitis. However, 80% of individuals with gallstones will never develop symptoms. Current guidelines do not recommend cholecystectomy for asymptomatic gallstones. Cholecystectomy is the most frequently performed general surgical operation, with approximately 66 660 performed annually in the UK.2 Most cases are performed for gallstone disease; however, a proportion are for presumed gallbladder dyskinesia. Internationally there are large variations within and between countries for cholecystectomy. In the USA, with a population five times that of the UK, greater than 10 times as many cholecystectomies are performed at an estimated cost of $9.9 billion. Although the majority of patients have pain relief following cholecystectomy, it is estimated that around 40% will continue to have pain postcholecystectomy,3 4 representing a significant number of individuals with morbidity. Postcholecystectomy pain (PCP) may be a persistence of the pain experienced precholecystectomy or a new pain. Patients who had elective rather than emergency surgery and those without stones or who had less typical symptoms are at higher risk to re-present with pain.5 In a recent randomised controlled trial among patients with abdominal pain and gallbladder sludge or stones,6 of a restrictive strategy versus a usual care strategy, 44% and 40% of participants, respectively, experienced PCP. This study highlights the difficulty of ascertaining whether coexisting gallstones are the cause of upper abdominal symptoms. Careful history taking, consideration of other causes and adherence to strict criteria for cholecystectomy all have a role in mitigating against persistence of symptoms postcholecystectomy. The aim of this review is to discuss the assessment and management of PCP. Acute surgical adverse events will not …
Concurrent Training Intensities: A Practical Approach for Program Design

Sports performance is influenced by the interaction of several physical variables. For this reason, most sports need both strength and endurance capacities to maximize overall performance. Therefore, a combination of resistance and aerobic training, usually called concurrent training (CT), has been used recently as a way of simultaneously improving strength and aerobic performances according to the needs of a specific sport. This combination can be challenging and can influence training adaptations, being a problematic issue for coaches. The main objective is to provide coaches with a practical proposal for CT to improve athletes’ performance in different sports.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of tobacco smoking among health colleges' students at Najran University, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional descriptive study

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of tobacco smoking among health colleges' students at Najran University, and to investigate the students' attitude, practice and knowledge towards smoking and its risks. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Najran University during the month of March 2014. Subjects and Methods: A pre-tested validated questionnaire based on the Global Adult Tobacco Survey was answered by 433 students (226 males and 207 females). Results: The prevalence of current cigarettes smokers was 30.1% for males and 0.5% for females (P < 0.001). For males, the prevalence of shisha smoking, snuff and smokeless tobacco usage was 28.3%, 16.8% and 14.6%, respectively. Applied medical sciences college's students had the highest prevalence (72%) of smoking, compared to 4% only at the college of medicine. Females had a better knowledge than males regarding the hazardous effects of smoking on health (87.1% vs. 99.5%; P = 0.007) and as a risk factor of brain thrombosis (67.2% vs. 94.2%; P = 0.001), heart attack (78.3% vs. 95.7%; P = 0.005) and lung cancer (82.3% vs. 99.5%; P = 0.001). Male and female students believed smokeless tobacco and shisha smoking are less harmful (59.7% vs. 30%; P = 0.001 and 38.5% vs. 7.7%; P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of initiating on-campus managed tobacco dependence treatment clinics to provide professional help for students to quit smoking. The results of this study can be used as a basis for the development of tobacco education programmes at Najran University and elsewhere.
Effect of Intravenous Propofol and Inhaled Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Postoperative Spirometric Indices: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Anesthetic drugs may directly or indirectly affect respiratory function. We investigated the effects of intravenous propofol and inhaled sevoflurane anesthesia on postoperative spirometric indices in patients undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy surgery. Methods We randomly assigned 111 patients, aged 18 - 65 years, undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy surgery, to receive either intravenous propofol or inhaled sevoflurane. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC were measured before and after anesthesia. Comparisons between the two groups were made using the t-test and ANOVA. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, height, body weight, BMI, pain score, ASA class, operation duration, and received analgesics. The FEV1 and FVC values significantly decreased after the operation in the sevoflurane group. Conclusions Both intravenous propofol and inhaled sevoflurane can decrease postoperative spirometry parameters. However, it seems that patients receiving propofol have less decreased spirometric indices.
Association of diastolic blood pressure (dBP) ≥ 90 mmHg with overall survival (OS) in patients treated with axitinib (AG- 013736).

3543 Background: Axitinib is an oral, potent and selective inhibitor of VEGF receptors 1, 2 and 3 in clinical development in multiple tumor types. BP elevation has been proposed as a potential efficacy marker of VEGF receptor inhibitors. The relationship between dBP ≥ 90 mmHg and OS was explored retrospectively across 6 separate phase II axitinib studies. Methods: Pts with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), cytokine-refractory renal cell cancer (RCC), sorafenib-refractory RCC, thyroid cancer or melanoma received 5 mg BID single- agent axitinib; advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) pts received gemcitabine (GEM) 1000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 in 28-day cycles plus 5 mg BID axitinib. All 6 studies required BP ≤140/90 mmHg at baseline. BP was measured in clinic at every visit (days 1, 8, and 15 for APC, every 2 weeks for sorafenib-refractory RCC and every 4 weeks for all other studies) and daily at home by patients. Only in-clinic BP measurements were used in this analysis. Antihypertensive medications and/or .
Pay Attention to Inattention: Exploring ADHD Symptoms in a Sample of Underachieving Gifted Students

Much has been written about the relationship of giftedness and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as the relationship between ADHD and underachievement. The present study examined whether students who were identified as gifted underachievers were more likely to manifest symptoms of ADHD, as measured by the ADHD-IV. Over half of the gifted underachievers met the screening criteria for ADHD based on teacher reports, and almost 30% of the gifted underachievers met the screening criteria for ADHD based on parent reports. Most of these students had elevated scores on the inattention scale. The prevalence of inattention was over 2 times as high as the prevalence in the norming sample using the teacher rating scales and over 5 times as high as the prevalence in the norming sample using the parent rating scales. Although parents and teachers rated students similarly on the hyperactivity scale, teachers rated students as more inattentive than parents did. However, elevated parent ratings of inattention negatively predicted students’ self-regulation, goal valuation, and self-efficacy. Self-regulation was most strongly related to inattention. We cannot know whether the gifted underachievers with high inattention scores have undiagnosed ADHD. However, our results suggest that a substantial percentage of gifted underachievers exhibit attentional problems at home, and that these attentional problems are severe enough to merit further examination.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kelor ( Moringa Oleifera) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Total pada Tikus Putih ( Rattus Novergicus)

Introduction: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Indonesia is estimated to increased continously. One of the traditional medicines used to reduce blood cholesterol levels is Moringa oleifera Lam, After using the extract of Moringa leaves, the cholesterol levels slowly reduced, it because by the active substance component on Moringa leaves such as flavanoid, tannin saponin and β-sitosterol. Objective : To determine the effect of Moringa leaf extract on reduce total cholesterol levels. Methods : The research is an analytical research, using pre-experimental design with one group pre-test method post-test approach. By comparing treatment groups and control groups where the treatment group was treated on the form of Moringa leaf extract. Results: The Paired T test showed that in the treatment group using Moringa leaf extract obtained before intervention the average cholesterol level was 307.40 mg/dl and after the interval was 209.00 mg/dl. Statistical test results obtained p value (0.00041) <0.05 which means that there is a difference of the mean cholesterol level between before and after treatment. Besides, the group using simvastatin was obtained before the intervention of the average cholesterol level was 271.20 mg/dl and after the interval was 127.40 mg/dl. Statistical test results obtained p value (0.009) <0.05 which means that there is a difference of the mean cholesterol level between before and after treatment. Conclusion: There wasn’t any significant differences between the Moringa leaves and simvastatin use to reduce the total blood cholesterol levels.