Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dual stimuli responsive hollow nanogels with IPN structure for temperature controlling drug loading and pH triggering drug release

Monodisperse temperature/pH dual stimuli responsive hollow nanogels with an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structure based on a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) network and a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) network (PNIPAM/PAA IPN hollow nanogels) were fabricated by a two-step sequential colloidal template polymerization and subsequent removal of the cavity templates. Their chemical composition, IPN structure and hollow structure were verified by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. pH and temperature dependent particle sizes measured by dynamic light scattering indicated that the hollow nanogels have both pH and temperature dual stimuli responsive properties. Isoniazid (INH), an antitubercular drug, was loaded into PNIPAM/PAA IPN hollow nanogels by controlling the equilibrium temperature ensuring it is lower than their volume phase transition temperature, so that the drug loading capacity can reach 668 mg INH per gram of the hollow nanogel. It can be seen from the TEM results that the encapsulated INH is mainly located in the cavities of the hollow nanogels. In vitrodrug release studies showed that the INH loaded PNIPAM/PAA IPN hollow nanogels possess distinct acid triggered drug release behavior, which may make them suitable for a stomach-specific drug delivery system.
A General Benchmarking Framework for Text Generation

The RDF-to-text task has recently gained substantial attention due to the continuous growth of RDF knowledge graphs in number and size. Recent studies have focused on systematically comparing RDF-to-text approaches on benchmarking datasets such as WebNLG. Although some evaluation tools have already been proposed for text generation, none of the existing solutions abides by the Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability (FAIR) principles and involves RDF data for the knowledge extraction task. In this paper, we present BENG, a FAIR benchmarking platform for Natural Language Generation (NLG) and Knowledge Extraction systems with focus on RDF data. BENG builds upon the successful benchmarking platform GERBIL, is opensource and is publicly available along with the data it contains.
Physicochemical Studies on some Cross-linked Trivalent Metal-alginate Complexes especially the Electrical Conductivity and Chemical Equilibrium related to the Coordination Geometry

The electrical conductivity of cross-linked lanthanum(III)- and cerium(III)-alginate complexes in the form of circular discs has been studied as a function of temperature. The Arrhenius plots of log σ versus 1/ T showed a sharp increase in the electrical conductivity values at elevated temperatures, whereas no changes in σ values were observed at lower temperatures (< 450 K). This behavior was explained by the degradation of the complexes at higher temperatures to give rise to metal oxide products at the final stages. The heterogeneous chemical equilibrium for exchange of La 3+ and Ce3+ metal ions by H+ ions has been investigated complexometrically and titrimetrically. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicated that these complexes are amorphous in nature. Infrared absorption spectra indicated the presence of chelated La3+ and Ce3+ metal ions with alginate macromolecular chains. A geometrical structure for chelation of lanthanum(III) and cerium(III) to the carboxylate and hydroxyl functional groups of the alginate macromolecule is suggested and discussed in terms of complex stability.
Cation Exchange and Pillaring of Smectites by Aqueous Fe Nitrate Solutions

A comparative study of the behavior of four types of smectite is reported: two with a low Fe content, SHCa-1 (hectorite from San Bernadino, California), SWy-1 (montmorillonite from Wyoming) and two nontronites NG-1 (from Hohen Hagen, Germany) and SWa-1 (Grant County, Washington). Cation exchange was performed with a freshly prepared 1 M Fe nitrate aqueous solution. Intercalation with the same solution partially neutralized with an anhydrous carbonate solution, giving a molar ratio of OH−/Fe = 2 was also studied. The modified clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption, Mossbauer spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma analysis.In the cation exchange process, the goethite impurities grew with the Fe-rich clays but not with the Fe-poor clays. This exchange was also found to have no effect on the thermal stability and structure of the clay minerals with low Fe content, whereas it had a slight effect on the structure of the Fe-rich clays and on their thermal stability. The extent of the intercalation, however, appears to depend on the expandability of the clay layers to accommodate the Fe(III) polycations, and increases from the nontronites to montmorillonite and to hectorite. This intercalation treatment has only a slight effect on both the structure and the thermal stability of hectorite and montmorillonite. In contrast, the nontronites undergo a dramatic change in both their structure and thermal stability. The formation of Fe oxyhydroxide and oxide phases in both procedures becomes very important when the initial structural Fe content of the clay minerals is high, increasing from SHCa-1, SWy-1, SWa-1 to NG-1. The contribution of the structural Fe of the clays to the formation of the Fe oxyhydroxide is not negligible, because of partial leaching of Fe from the octahedral sheet of Fe-rich clays due to the low pH of the solutions.
STUDY OF THE DEFICIENCY OF SOME ELEMENTS AND SOME VITAL VARIABLES IN CAMEL’S BLOOD

The research was conducted on 75 healthy and 55 anemic camels diagnosed with iron deficiency to establish serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), unbound iron binding capacity (UIBC), transferrin saturation (TS %), copper and cobalt levels. The regular (40 males and 35 females) and anemic (24 males and 27 females) groups in Najaf governorateIraq, all aged 1-15 years. Blood samples were collected were collected from the jugular veins into plain tubes and the separate sera was used for calculating the parameters tested. Result showed that the means in normal and anemic camels were as follows; Serum iron concentration was (13.5 ± 0.35) μmol/L and (9.2 ± 0.31) μmol/L respectively, TIBC (85.1 ± 1.8) μmol/L, (109.2 ± 2.1) μmol/L respectively, UIBC (70.5 ± 1.2) μmol/L, (98.2 ± 1.8) μmol/L respectively, TS% (12.7 ± 0.3)% , (6.9 ± 0.5) % respectively, serum copper (12.2 ± 0.4) μmol/L, (7.5 ± 0.23) μmol/L respectively and serum cobalt (2.9 ± 0.14) μmol/L and (2.4 ± 0.25) μmol/L respectively. Morever, serum iron, TS % and copper decreased significantly (P<0.05). While, the serum TIBC and UIBC of anemic camels increased significantly (P<0.05) compared to normal control. In both groups the concentrations of cobalt were more or less close. Reference mean values of specific biochemical parameters at clinically normal and anemic camels with significant differences between them are recorded in the present data.
Validity of some approximations used to model intramolecular reaction in irreversible polymerization

Les approximations utilisees pour modeliser les copolymerisations irreversibles par etape sont appliquees au systeme lineaire A 2 +B 2 et testees. Des approximations utilisees dans differents modeles sont combinees pour donner des modeles hybrides. Certaines approximations ne donnent jamais de resultats corrects pour ce systeme lineaire, d'autres peuvent etre utilisees quand le taux de cyclisation est faible et les meilleures sont applicables pour des taux de cyclisation faibles ou moyens
RDFjsRealB: a Symbolic Approach for Generating Text from RDF Triples

This paper describes the Resource Description Framework (RDF) triples verbalizer developed for the WEB NLG CHALLENGE 2020 shared task. After reviewing representative works in Natural Language Generation in the context of the Semantic Web, the task is then described. We then sketch the symbolic approach we used for verbalizing RDF triples: once the triples are grouped by subject, each group is realized as one or more sentences using templates written in Python whose output is feed to an English realizer written in Javascript. The system was developed using the test data of the previous edition of the task and the train and development data of this year’s task. The automatic scores for this year’s test data are quite competitive. We conclude with a critical review of the data and discuss the suitability of this competition results in a wider Natural Language Generation setting.
An Evaluation of a Point Source Brine Discharge into a Riverine System and Implications for TDS Limitations

ABSTRACT The North Fork Holston River (NFHR) below Saltville, Virginia, has been the subject of many studies due to years of contamination from a closed chloroalkali plant. In addition, a point source brine discharge high in total dissolved solids (TDS) may also be adversely affecting aquatic biota. This study assessed the toxicity of the brine discharge to selected test organisms, including two freshwater mussel species and also discusses implications for development of a TDS limit based on brine toxicity. Ceriodaphnia dubia was the most sensitive organism in acute and chronic brine toxicity tests. Bivariate analysis of the brine conductivity and C. dubia LC50 values showed no relationship (p = .1756); however, LC50 values were strongly related (r2 = 0.8818) to sodium concentrations in the brine discharge. A comparison of the results from acute tests with the brine effluent and the reference toxicant sodium chloride (NaCl) demonstrated that organisms were more sensitive to NaCl. Brine discharge toxicity to C. dubia was variable during the study duration with toxicity determined to be dependent on specific TDS constituents rather than conductivity or TDS. These results suggest the need for site-specific development of TDS criteria that are based on the specific constituents in a discharge.
Evaluation of Possible Corrosion Enhancement Due to Telluric Currents: Case Study for Brazil Bolivia – Pipeline

Currents: Case Study for Brazil Bolivia – Pipeline Joyrles Fernandes de Moraes1, Igo Paulino2, Livia Alves3, and Clezio Marcos Dinardini4 1Laboratório de Geofísica Computacional, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil 2Unidade Acadêmica de Física, UFCG, Campina Grande, Brazil 3Divisão de Geofísica Espacial, INPE, São José dos Campos, Brazil 4Divisão de Aeronomia, INPE, São José dos Campos, Brazil Correspondence: Joyrles F. Moraes (joyrles1996@gmail.com)
Comparative study of anthropometric measurements of school children with and without mid-day meal programme

Cross sectional study was conducted to compare nutritional status among children of 1416 years age of three different sets of schools namely Private High School Campus without mid-day meal programme, Govt. High School Hebbal with ISCKON mid-day meal programme and Govt. High School Bashettahalli Doddaballapur, with Govt. mid-day meal. Height, weight and body mass index were measured and compared with standards. Mean height of various age and gender combination revealed lower per cent compared to both IAP and NCHS standards. Whereas weight showed decreasing trend in male subjects as compared to female subjects whose weight increased with increase in age. Similar trend was observed in case of NCHS standards. Subjects of PHSC and GHSH had marginal difference for weight for age as compared to subjects of GHSB. BMI of all three school subjects was significantly lower than the WHO standards irrespective of age and gender. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that majority of the subjects from all the three schools belonged to below the defined anthropometric standards. However, comparatively PHSC without MDM subjects showed better nutritional status compared to schools with MDM.
A theoretical study of the gas phase (proton affinity) and aqueous (pKa) basicity of a series of 150 pyrazoles

This study deals with the basicity, both in the gas phase and in an aqueous solution, of a set of 150 pyrazoles covering a range of about 200 kJ mol−1 in proton affinity and 10–15 pKa units. There are 63 NH-pyrazoles, in many cases, with two different tautomers and 87 N-substituted pyrazoles. The gas phase results are well reproduced by DFT theoretical calculations when the less stable tautomers are removed. For the pKa values to be reproduced adequately by calculations, some of the tautomers need to be removed, and the use of dummy variables accounting for the protonation on exocyclic amine groups is required and the conformation of the 5-phenyl groups need to be considered. Using these restrictions a large number of unknown pKas can be predicted and a few errors corrected.
Biodegradation Kinetics of Hydrocarbons in Soil during Land Treatment of Oily Sludge

This study focuses on the processes influencing hydrocarbon residue persistence in soil, following land treatment of refinery oily sludge. Treating sludge applied to soil resulted in 70% to 90% degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) during 2 months, regardless of their initial concentrations (9 to 60 g/kg soil). Kinetic analyses performed on TPH degradation, in laboratory and field systems, revealed a degradation pattern characterized by two consecutive first-order kinetics reactions in all experimental settings. The first stage lasted about 3 weeks and was characterized by a temperature dependent rate constant of 0.047 day−1 at 24°C. That value was comparable to the rate constant obtained when combining the individual rate constants of the saturated, aromatic, asphaltene and polar fractions. The subsequent slower stage rate constant was 0.012 day−1, insensitive to temperature and to hydrocarbon composition. The transition between the two stages (about 21 days) was independent of the experimental temperature and the biodegradation extent during the first stage. It was concluded that the extent of residual accumulation in the soil was determined by the biodegradation efficiency during the first three weeks of treatment when biological processes dominated. During the following period, abiotic processes leading to reduced bioavailability of the TPH were limiting the degradation rate. Practically, as the first few weeks of treatment determine its efficiency, efforts to enhance the biological activity should be directed to that period.
GREEN BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING POMEGRANATE PEEL AND INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF THE NANOPARTICLES ON AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION

In this work, pomegranate peel has been used as a natural and safe method for biosynthesis of silvernanoparticles. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was confirmed using UV spectroscopy, which showed a peak around a wavelength of 437 nm. The morphology showed spherical and monodispersed nanoparticles with a size range between 5-50 nm. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments revealed their crystalline nature. Active functional groups in the synthesized silver nanoparticles were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers contained four bands at 3281.21 cm, possibly indicating the participationof O–H functional group. The peak take place at 1,636.22 cm may be pointed to C = N bending in the amide group or C = O stretching in carboxyl. Transfer in this peak (from 1,641 to 1,643 cm) shown the possible role of amino groups or carboxyl in nanoparticle synthesis. The peaks at 431.95 and 421.28 cm be related to AgNPs bonding with oxygen from hydroxyl groups which confirm the role of pomegranate peel as a reducing agent. Furthermore, we investigated effects of these nanoparticles on aflatoxin B1 production by the fungus Aspergillus flavus, isolated from hazelnut. The results found that aflatoxin production in all A. flavus isolates decreased with an increase in the concentration of silver nanoparticles. Maximum suppression of aflatoxin production was recorded at a nanoparticle concentration of 150 ppm.
The Effects of Mixing Stage and Fermentation Time on the Quantity of Flavor Compounds and Sensory Intensity of Flavor in White Bread

Flavor compounds in white bread have been analyzed by a static-headspace-type GC/MS and sensory evaluation for clarifying the effects of mixing stage and fermentation time on the intensity of flavor com pounds as assessed in the crumb and sensory scores of flavor in white bread. Principal component analy sis (PCA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to the peak area of total ion chromatogram as well as sensory scores of 8 sensory descriptors for flavor intensity. Although the results of instrumental analyses showed the superiority of fermentation time over mixing energy as the governing factor of white bread flavor, the results of statistical analyses for the scores of sensory evaluation showed the superior ity of mixing energy over fermentation time. The difference in the governing factor was probably due to overestimation for the effect of alcohols on the flavor quality of white bread, especially ethanol derived from the fermentation process.
Class Anchor Clustering: A Loss for Distance-based Open Set Recognition

In open set recognition, deep neural networks encounter object classes that were unknown during training. Existing open set classifiers distinguish between known and unknown classes by measuring distance in a network’s logit space, assuming that known classes cluster closer to the training data than unknown classes. However, this approach is applied post-hoc to networks trained with cross-entropy loss, which does not guarantee this clustering behaviour. To overcome this limitation, we introduce the Class Anchor Clustering (CAC) loss. CAC is a distance-based loss that explicitly trains known classes to form tight clusters around anchored class-dependent centres in the logit space. We show that training with CAC achieves state-of-the-art performance for distance-based open set classifiers on all six standard benchmark datasets, with a 15.2% AUROC increase on the challenging TinyImageNet, without sacrificing classification accuracy. We also show that our anchored class centres achieve higher open set performance than learnt class centres, particularly on object-based datasets and large numbers of training classes.
Moisture effect on the low‐ and high‐temperature dielectric relaxations in nylon‐6

The effect of water sorption on the dielectric relaxation processes of nylon-6 samples with water concentrations ranging from the dry to the water-saturated polymer has been studied by thermally stimulated depolarization currents experiments in a broad temperature range, from 77 to 365 K. The strengths of the low-temperature modes, y- and β-peaks, are affected in opposite ways by the water concentration, h, as the first one shows a decrease in intensity and the second one grows as h increases. The precise determination of the relaxation parameters is made by the decomposition in elementary Debye processes and best fitting to the experimental profile of the complex peak. For h < 3%, the reorienting energies are almost independent of the water content, and the most significant intensity variations occur. The firmly bound water is held responsible for these effects. As for the higher temperature zone besides the α-peak, which is the dielectric manifestation of the glass transition, intermediate temperatures modes are observed at high h values and are originated by the loosely bound water, while the highest temperature peak is attributed to a Maxwell-Wagner interfacial polarization. The characteristic parameters of the α-mode are determined and related to the plasticization effect of water.
Optimization of low-cost substrate for the production of single cell protein using Kluyveromyces marxianus

Advent of 21st century has brought an exponential growth in population thereby generating a great threat to food availability and agriculture especially in less developed countries. Single cell protein (SCP) production at a large scale is believed to be a pragmatic solution to the problem of global food shortage. The present work aims at optimizing the growth conditions and identifing a low cost substrate for the production of SCP using Kluyveromyces marxianus. K. marxianus is known to have a wide range of application in food industries and in the field of biotechnology. The parameters selected to test the optimum growth conditions were pH, temperature, varied combination of carbon and nitrogen sources. It was found that the strain of K. marxianus recorded maximum growth at pH 7 and temperature of 30°C. Three carbon sources i.e. lactose (4%), maltose (4%) and glucose (4%) and three nitrogen sources i.e. ammonium nitrate (1%), di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate (1%) and yeast (0.5%) + peptone (0.5%) were tested in all possible combinations and the maximum growth results was obtained with the combination of lactose and yeast extract + peptone. Whey was identified as a cost effective raw material for the production of SCP and uninterrupted fermentation was carried out under laboratory conditions wherein 80% of biomass and protein content was harvested within 24 h. At this time the biomass yield was 36 mg/ml in which the crude protein content was 83.33%.
Evaluation of the effect of photodynamic antimicrobial therapy in dentin caries: a pilot in vivo study

In vitro and in situ studies have demonstrated that the photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (PACT) is effective in reducing Streptococcus mutans population in artificially carious dentin. This pilot in vivo study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of PACT using toluidine blue O (TBO) and a light-emitting diode (LED) in carious dentin lesions. Five healthy adult volunteers (19-36 yr), with at least 4 active carious cavities each, participated in this study. Teeth of each volunteer were randomly divided into four groups: (1) without TBO and without light (Control); (2) with TBO alone (TBO); (3) with LED at 94/J cm2 alone (LED); and (4) with TBO plus LED at 94 J/cm2 (PACT). Each cavity was divided into two halves. The baseline carious dentin sample was collected from half of each cavity. Following, the treatments were performed using a random distribution of tooth into treatments. Then, the second collection of carious dentin samples was performed. Before and after treatments, dentin samples were analyzed with regard to the counts of total viable microorganisms, total streptococci, mutans streptococci, and lactobacilli. The data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (α=5%). Log reductions ranged from -0.12 to 2.68 and significant reductions were observed for PACT (group 4) when compared to the other groups (1, 2, and 3) for total streptococci and mutans streptococci. Concluding, PACT was effective in killing oral microorganisms present in in vivo carious dentin lesions and may be a promising technique for eliminating bacteria from dentin before restoration.
Preferential Etching and Etched Profile of GaAs

The system has been found to give good results for preferential etching of . The etch rates for the low‐index planes of in this system have been investigated as a function of Br2 concentrations in . The order of the etch rate at 1% Br2 by weight has been found to be planes have been only slightl yetched. The A{111} planes have played an important role for the etched profiles produced by this etching system. A V‐shaped groove, a reverse mesa‐shaped structure, and a triangular prism‐shaped "bridge" have been formed by channels being etched on the {100} planes. The sizes of the V‐shaped groove and the "bridge" have been controlled by the width of the opening in the oxide mask. A channel etched groove in the B{111} planes has also exhibited crystal habit. Interesting etched profiles which are applicable for the design and fabrication of device structures are described.