Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Altered total cholesterol and triglyceride levels during the course of Plasmodium falciparum infection in children

Changes of lipid parameter concentrations are observed in patients suffering from malaria. However, there are few data on their evolution during the course of the infection and their relationship with the infection parameters. The levels of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were measured during and after uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in 122 children. The relationship with the antimalarial drug treatment, the parasite density and haemoglobin levels was also assessed. Mean TG levels were high before the treatment (1.9 ± 1.2 mmol/L) and at day 3 post-treatment (2.3 ± 1.3 mmol/L), then subsequently decreased to reach normal level from day 7. A negative correlation was found between haemoglobin (Hb) levels and TG (rho = -0.47; p < 0.01); previous high parasitaemia at inclusion was associated with a subsequent increase of TG levels after treatment administration. The majority of patients with hypertriglyceridemia were anaemic at day 3 (n = 20/20) and at day 7 (n = 18/19). Only 5 (4.1%) patients had hypertriglyceridemia at day 28. A trend toward a negative correlation between TC levels and parasite density was observed (rho = -0.18; p = 0.05). Mean TC concentration was significantly lower at day 0 when all the patients were parasitaemic (3.0 ± 1.0 mmol/L) compared to day 3 (3.7 ± 1.2 mmol/L) (p = 0.01). Mean CT was low during the first week and at day 28, 71 (58.2%) children still had a subnormal CT levels. No relationship was found with the type of antimalarial drug. Transient hypertriglyceridemia and hypocholesterolemia are observed during the course of P. falciparum infection. High TG levels seem to be related to the malaria related haemolysis. Key words: Malaria, cholesterol, triglycerides, antimalarial, Gabon.
Encephalopathy in patients with COVID‐19: A review

Encephalopathy and encephalitis are major and devastating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus‐associated central nervous system complications. Hypoxic/metabolic changes produced by intense inflammatory response against the virus triggers cytokine storm and subsequently acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. Hypoxic/metabolic changes result in encephalopathy. The presence of comorbidities predisposes to hypoxic/metabolic changes responsible for encephalopathy. Altered consciousness, ranging from mild confusion, delirium, to deep coma, is hallmark clinical features. Cortical and subcortical T2/FLAIR signal changes are common neuroimaging abnormalities. In a few isolated case reports of SARS‐CoV‐2 encephalitis, the virus has been demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid. The presence of anosmia and ageusia can help in differentiation from other encephalopathies. We analyzed published reports on coronavirus disease 2019‐associated encephalopathy. Encephalopathy is common in older patients, the majority are more than 50 years of age. The patients having encephalopathy/encephalitis are either severely or critically ill. Many patients were already on mechanical ventilation. Lung abnormalities are noted in almost all of the patients, presenting with encephalopathy. Encephalopathy is always preceded by commoner clinical features, like, fever, cough, dyspnoea, and headache. In majority, patients are already in the intensive care unit, when encephalopathy develops.
Induced polygenic variability using combination treatment of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate in blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)

Induced mutation in plant improvement has been proven to be one of the alternative ways to generate new sources of genetic variation in blackgram. In this study, dry seeds of VBN 4 blackgram were treated with combination treatment of both gamma rays (400, 500 and 600 Gy) and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) (50, 60 and 70 mM) to study the polygenic characters in M 2 generation. The mean values for plant height, number of primary branches, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and single plant yield decreased below the control in most of the treatments. The mean single plant yield was more than for the control at 400 Gy+60 mM and 600 Gy+50 mM. Moderate and high phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) were recorded in yield component characters such as plant height, number of primary branches, number of clusters per plant and number of pods per plant. A high amount of heritability and GA as per cent of mean was noted for plant height, number of clusters per plant, number of primary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds, 100 seed weight and single plant yield. This denoted that these characters are governed largely by additive gene effect, which may be favorably exploited for improvement through simple selection in M2 generation. Key words : Gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), blackgram, polygenic variability, M2 generation.
Difficult heritage and digital media: ‘selfie culture’ and emotional practices at the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe

ABSTRACT This article sheds light on the entanglements of difficult heritage and digital media through an ethnographic analysis of digital photography and social media practices at the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin. After a discussion of the project ‘Yolocaust’, through which an artist publicly shamed the ‘selfie culture’ at the memorial, the article argues that the sweeping condemnation of digital self-representations in the context of Holocaust remembrance remains simplistic. Instead, many visitors explore and enact potential emotional relationships to the pasts that sites of difficult heritage represent through digital self-representations. This observation raises critical questions about the role of digital media in current transformations of touristic memory cultures.
Specificity of fc receptors for IgG2a, IgG1/IgG2b, and IgE on rat macrophages

To characterize the Fc receptors on rat alveolar and peritoneal macrophages (M phi), we analyzed their ability to form rosettes with fixed ox erythrocytes (Eo') coated with myeloma proteins of all rat Ig classes and with fresh erythrocytes (Eo) sensitized with rat IgG1 and IgG2, rabbit IgG and IgM, and mouse IgA antibodies. The M phi formed rosettes with Eo' coated with rat myeloma proteins of classes IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgE but not IgG2c, IgA, IgM, and IgD. Rat M phi also formed rosettes with Eo' coated with human IgG1, IgG3, IgG4, mouse IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and rabbit IgG. Furthermore, rat M phi formed rosettes with Eo sensitized with rat IgG1, IgG2, or rabbit IgG antibodies but not with Eo sensitized with rabbit IgM or mouse IgA antibodies. Trypsin treatment of rat M phi abolished IgG1/IgG2b and IgE but not IgG2a rosettes. The IgG2a and IgE rosettes were Ig class specific because they were inhibited only by rat IgG2a and rat IgE, respectively. In contrast, IgG1 and IgG2b rosettes were inhibited equally by IgG1 and IgG2b. Heterologous IgG inhibited IgG1/IgG2b but not IgG2a rosettes. Rat IgE inhibited rat IgG1, IgG2b, and heterologous IgG rosette formation on rat M phi. Although Eo' coated with rat IgE formed rosettes with mouse P388D1 macrophagelike cells, rat IgE did not inhibit IgG rosettes on these cells. Similarly, Eo' coated with human IgE formed rosettes with human U937 macrophage-like cells, but human IgE did not inhibit IgG rosettes on these cells. The results indicate that rat M phi have at least three distinct Fc receptors: one is specific for rat IgG2a and is trypsin resistant; a second is specific for rat IgE and is trypsin sensitive; and a third reacts with rat IgG1 rat IgG2b, and heterologous IgG and is trypsin sensitive. Rat IgE inhibited IgG1/IgG2b rosettes undirectionally and uniquely on rat M phi.
Improvement of students’ soft skills (honesty and motivation) using edmodo by Blended Learning Method

Edmodo is a website that can be applied in learning as an effort to improve student soft skills using Edmodo based on blended learning, combining direct learning and online learning. The formulation of the problem in this study is how is the effort to improve student soft skills using Edmodo based on blended learning? This study aims to improve student soft skills using Edmodo based on blended learning at the PGRI University in Palembang. The method used in this research is classroom action research. This method is based on a cycle with stages: planning, action, observation, reflection. Data collection techniques in this study are observation and questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that student soft skills using Edmodo based on blended learning increase after implementing learning and achieve a minimum completeness of more than 80% at the second meeting in the second cycle. in the aspect of student discipline increased by 87.4% from 67.5%; student honesty increased by 85% from 72.8%; Student motivation increased 85.4% from 71.7%. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Edmodo based on blended learning method can improve the soft skills of geography education students.
Students’ and Teacher’s Views on the Effectiveness of Multiple Intelligences-Assisted Layered Curriculum in the Social Studies Course

The aim of this study is to determine students’ and Social Studies teacher’s views on the effectiveness of multiple intelligences-assisted layered curriculum. Study group includes 14 7th grade students and one Social Studies teacher at a primary school in Elazığ city center during 2010-2011 academic year. The research was conducted based on the “case study" research design, one of the qualitative research designs. As data collecting tool, student and teacher interview form and observation form consisting of open-ended questions were used. Content analysis was used to analyse the data. It was found out that the useful aspects of multiple intelligences-assisted layered curriculum were ‘helping students to learn’, ‘repetition’, ‘motivating to do research’, ‘active participation in class’ and ‘increasing students’ interest’. When choosing an activity, the students paid attention to whether the activities were ‘difficult’, ‘easy’, ‘helpful for students to learn’, ‘interesting’ and ‘related to drawing’. In the process of implementation of the multiple intelligences-assisted layered curriculum, it was found out that the students had difficulty in ‘writing story’, ‘writing essay’, ‘writing poem’, ‘solving test’, ‘drawing map’, and ‘selecting activity’
Global Energetics of Solar Flares. X. Petschek Reconnection Rate and Alfvén Mach Number of Magnetic Reconnection Outflows

We investigate physical scaling laws for magnetic energy dissipation in solar flares, in the framework of the Sweet–Parker model and the Petschek model. We find that the total dissipated magnetic energy Ediss in a flare depends on the mean magnetic field component Bf associated with the free energy Ef, the length scale L of the magnetic area, the hydrostatic density scale height λ of the solar corona, the Alfvén Mach number MA = v1/vA (the ratio of the inflow speed v1 to the Alfvénic outflow speed vA), and the flare duration τf, i.e., , where the Alfvén speed depends on the nonpotential field strength Bnp and the mean electron density ne in the reconnection outflow. Using MDI/Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and AIA/SDO observations and 3D magnetic field solutions obtained with the vertical-current approximation non-linear force-free field code we measure all physical parameters necessary to test scaling laws, which represents a new method to measure Alfvén Mach numbers MA, the reconnection rate, and the total free energy dissipated in solar flares.
Test modeling of the growth of self-fertilized embryos of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. genotypes

Biologists usually rely on modelling tools as well as simulation to try to understand the behaviour of biological phenomena theories. In this research study, we focus on the development and study of mathematical models from environmental problems about genotypes of Phaseolus coccineus L. (NI16 and NI1108) and Phaseolus vulgaris L. (NI637 and X707). Interspecific crosses and histological sections were performed; thereafter, samples were fixed, followed by rinsing and dehydrating in an increasing gradient of ethyl alcohol. After staining procedure, microscope slides of blades were coated with one to three drops of mounting medium DPX (BDH360294H). Analysis of variance (ANOVA I) was conducted, followed by Tukey’s test at a significance level of 95%. All statistical analyses were performed using the software MINITAB Release 14. Results reveal divergence of growth rates and thus embryo development between the two species (P. coccineus and P. vulgaris) and between parental and embryos hybrid [P. vulgaris (♀) × P. coccineus]. In this model, a common law of evolution for the different types of embryos was established; it describes the interactions between the length of the embryo, the number of days after pollination and stage of embryo development. Thus, the individualized modeling growth in length of inbred and hybrid embryos margin fluctuations and extrinsic individual responses must be attributed to the plant, which better reflect the embryo development. Key words: Modelling, plant embryos, Phaseolus, growth, inter-specific hybridizations.
Erythroblast cell expansion as a marker for disease severity in β 0 -thalassemia/Hb E disease

0-Thalassemia/Hb E disease is extremely common in many parts of Southeast Asia. In Thailand, there are believed to be approximately 100,000 people living with this disease which can present as a life threatening anemia syndrome dependent on regular blood transfusions. Determination of the state of presentation of the disease (mild, moderate or severe) is based upon a number of clinical and hematological parameters and currently, there is no accurate predictive methodology to gauge the final severity of the disease in a particular patient. While erythropoiesis, the process generating red blood cells, takes place in the bone marrow, sufficient circulating erythroid progenitor cells are found in the peripheral blood circulation to provide materials for analysis. In this study, the expansion of isolated erythroid progenitor cells was analyzed in culture and the level of expansion assessed in relation to disease severity. A clear statistically significant relationship between erythroid progenitor expansion and disease severity was observed, providing for the first time a potential predictive marker for disease severity for β 0 -thalassemia/Hb E disease.
FLOWERING, VEGETATIVE GROWTH, YIELD, AND FRUIT-QUALITY IN MUSKMELONS UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS

The muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars Topmark, Galia, No. 1, and BG-84-3 (BG) were examined in a field test for the influence of increased salt concentration (700, 2500, 5000, 7500, and 10,000 ppm) on flower production, vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality. Increased salinity did not affect the number or timing of staminate and pistillate flowers produced. Increased salinity significantly and to the same extent reduced vegetative growth in the four cultivars. Increased salinity did not affect the number of fruit produced in the four cultivars but reduced mean fruit weight in three. Mean fruit weight and yield of 'BG' were not reduced; i.e., 'BG' was salt tolerant. Increased salinity increased the soluble solids concentration and slightly improved fruit appearance of all cultivars. Agricultural production under irrigation is becoming more important worldwide. Increasingly, low-quality saline water must be used for irrigation. The adverse effects associated with increas- ing salinity on most plants is well documented (Greenway and Munns, 1980; Mass and Hoffman, 1977; Pasternak, 1987). Before using saline water for effective and efficient irrigation in a crop, it is necessary to understand the crop's response and evaluate culti- var differences to a range of salinity levels. Necessary detailed knowledge, depending on the crop, may include germination, seedling establishment, vegetative growth and growth rate, flower production (timing and number), yield characteristics (such as fruit count and individual weight), and product quality.
Inter-annual Climate Variability and Vegetation Dynamic in the Upper Amur (Heilongjiang) River Basin in Northeast Asia

Long-term (1982–2013) datasets of climate variables and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were collected from Climate Research Union (CRU) and GIMMS NDVI3g. By setting the NDVI values below the threshold of 0.2 as 0, NDVI_0.2 was created to eliminate the noise caused by changes of surface albedo during non-growing period. TimeSat was employed to estimate the growing season length (GSL) from the seasonal variation of NDVI. Statistical analyses were conducted to reveal the mechanisms of climate-vegetation interactions in the cold and semi-arid Upper Amur River Basin of Northeast Asia. The results showed that the regional climate change can be summarized as warming and drying. Annual mean air temperature (T) increased at a rate of 0.13 °C per decade. Annual precipitation (P) declined at a rate of 18.22 mm per decade. NDVI had an insignificantly negative trend, whereas, NDVI_0.2 displayed a significantly positive trend (MK test, p < 0.05) over the past three decades. GSL had a significantly positive rate of approximately 2.9 days per decade. Correlation analysis revealed that, NDVI was significantly correlated with amount of P, whereas, GSL was highly correlated with warmth index (WMI), accumulation of monthly T above the threshold of 5°C. Principal regression analysis revealed that the inter-annual variations of NDVI, NDVI_0.2 and GSL were mostly contributed by WMI. Spatially, NDVI in grassland was more sensitive to P, whereas, T was more important in areas of high elevation. GSL in most of the areas displayed high sensitivity to T. This study examined the different roles of climate variables in controlling the vegetation activities. Further studies are needed to reveal the impact of extended GSL on the regional water balance and the water level of regional lakes, providing the habitats for the migratory birds and endangered species.
Effect of Biofertilizers and Biostimulants on Growth and Flowering in Gladiolus

An experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 14 treatment combinations replicated thrice with 24 corms per treatment per replication, in gladiolus cv. Red Beauty. Common basal dose consisting of Trichoderma viridae, FYM, biofertilizers namely, Azospirillum, VAM and PSB and decomposed coir was applied in all the treatments except one which consisted of general media and required fertilizer dose. Maximum plant height (102.8 cm) was recorded when plants were treated with 4 per cent Manchurian Mushroom Tea + 6 per cent Panchagavya, maximum duration of flowering (14.70 day) with 6 per cent Panchagavya, largest number of florets per spike (13.53) with 4 per cent Panchagavya, largest florets (10.67 cm) with 6 per cent Manchurian Mushroom Tea + 6 per cent Panchagavya and maximum vase life (8.20 day) with 4 per cent Manchurian Mushroom Tea. The maximum corm weight (29.63 g), number of cormels per plants (113.5) and cormels weight per plant (19.10 g) were recorded when plants were treated with 2 per cent Manchurian Mushroom Tea + 6 per cent Panchagavya. However, days to first flowering, spike length, weight of spike, number of corms per plant and corm diameter were found to be non significant.
Isopod fauna, excluding Epicaridea, from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

A total of 42 isopod species from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas were found, including the first record of Munna fabricii, Monodanthura maroccana, Campecopea hirsute , and Natatolana gallica from the Mediterranean; Synisoma nadejda and Uromunna petiti from the Atlantic; and Munna fabricii, Uromunna petiti, Monodanthura maroccana, Stellanthura cryptobia and Natatolana gallica from the Iberian waters. This article includes the previous records from the Iberian waters for all the species. The greatest number of species were found in Tarifa (16 species), located in the transition zone between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. According to depth, the distribution of species was as follows: 18 species were collected in the intertidal zone, mostly Dynamene edwardsi and Ischyromene lacazei ; 33 species were found between 1 and 10 m, 13 species were found between 11 and 20 m, and 6 species were found between 21 and 28 m, mostly Janira maculosa . According to habitat, 16 species were collected on soft bottoms, 2 species on Zostera , and 22 species on algae substrata, mostly Halopteris, Asparagopsis and Cystoseira . The most diverse genus was Cymodoce (5 species). This paper contributes to the taxonomic, faunistic and biogeographical knowledge of the benthic communities from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas.
Dissipative motion of a spinning heavy symmetric top

Dissipation is one of the important factors determining the motion of a gyroscope or heavy symmetric top in real life. In this work, for such motions, friction at the touchpoint with horizontal surface and drag are approximated with simple models, and they are considered as torque in Euler equations. Using this model, we study the motion of a gyroscope and a heavy symmetric top numerically. For the gyroscope, the effect of dissipation is studied while it is spinning without nutation and precession. For the heavy symmetric top, we consider two different types of motion, obtained experimentally in an earlier work in the literature. The numerical results show that results similar to those achieved experimentally, with the exception of the dissipative change in inclination angle, can be obtained numerically via this simple model, by utilizing Euler equations.
Greenhouse Rose Yield and Ion Accumulation Responses to Salt Stress as Modulated by Rootstock Selection

Greenhouse rose (Rosa x spp. L.) production is facing the use of poor-quality irrigation waters and regulatory pressures to recycle runoff and drainage effluents. Two experiments (were conducted to evaluate the yield and quality and ion accumulation responses of roses grafted on various rootstocks to increasing salinity stress. In Expt. 1, the scion 'Bridal White' grafted on 'Manetti', R. odorata (Andr.), 'Natal Briar', and 'Dr. Huey' were irrigated over four flowering cycles with complete nutrient solutions supplemented with NaCl at 0, 5, and 30 mM. In Expt. 2, plants of `Red France' on 'Manetti' and 'Natal Briar' were irrigated over six flowering cycles with complete nutrient solutions supplemented with NaCl + CaCl 2 (2:1 M ratio) at 0, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 24 mM. Salt concentration increases significantly and negatively affected the biomass, cut flower production, and foliage quality of the roses in both experiments, but the responses were modulated by rootstock selection. 'Manetti' plants in general sustained better absolute and relative biomass and flower yields, accumulated less Na + and Cl - in its tissues, and showed less toxicity symptoms with increasing salinity than the others. 'Natal Briar' also had similar absolute productivity responses as 'Manetti' but were afflicted by a significantly different mineral nutrient profile, including higher accumulations and toxicities with Na + and Cl - that led to lower foliage visual ratings. Conversely, the relative yields of plants on 'Dr. Huey' and R. odorata were similarly reduced by increasing salinity, but the former had lower Na + and Cl - concentrations in its tissues and better visual scores than the latter, which fared as the worst. A combined analysis of the results suggests that on a productivity basis (biomass and flower yields), greenhouse roses could withstand overall maximum electrical conductivities (i.e., osmotic effects) of applied fertigation solutions of 3.0 ± 0.5 dS·m -1 . On the other hand, and considering the aesthetic responses (visual scores) of on-plant and harvested foliage (cut flower shoots), greenhouse rose tolerance to applied Na + and Cl - concentrations (ion-specific effects) could range up to 10 ± 2mM.