Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Riba in The Perspective of Sharia Bank Customers: A Systematic Literature Review

This study aims to determine the Islamic bank customers to the understanding of usury. This type of research is literature review research. The type of data collected in this study is primary data, namely data obtained from various current and relevant literature regarding the level of understanding of Islamic bank customers about usury, such as from books, journals, articles, papers, and other related reading sources. The data analysis technique of this research was carried out using the data analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model. The data analysis activities of this model include data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing or verification. The results of a systematic literature review found that usury is an additional take, both in buying and selling transactions and lending and borrowing in vanity. The prohibition of usury in the Qur’an was revealed in stages, preceded by a series of moral teachings relevant to the theme of the prohibition of usury. Conventional banks use the interest system to support their operations. In contrast to the interest system prevailing in conventional banks, Islamic banks determine the amount of return and profit sharing based on the amount of profit sharing between the customer and the bank without determining the percentage that must be paid by the customer. Bank interest is an evolution of the concept of usury that cannot be separated from the development of financial institutions. Riba in modern banking makes business decline and become unproductive. Education and religion can be used as the basis for mu’amalah for all mankind, especially Muslims. Islamic education can lead humans to become individuals who are able to survive in this world and the hereafter (al-falah). Education about usury provides important information that can be a guide for human life in contemporary mu’amalah.
From scattering amplitudes to the dilatation generator in SYM

The complete spin chain representation of the planar SYM dilatation generator has long been known at one loop, where it involves leading nearest-neighbor 2 → 2 interactions. In this work, we use superconformal symmetry to derive the unique solution for the leading L → 2 interactions of the planar dilatation generator for arbitrarily large L. We then propose that these interactions are given by a scattering operator that has SYM tree-level scattering amplitudes as matrix elements. We provide compelling evidence for this proposal, including explicit checks for L = 2, 3 and a proof of consistency with superconformal symmetry.
Nurse Practitioners’ Perception on Research Utilization and Possible Barriers; A Saudi Arabian Experiential Perspective during Covid-19 Pandemic

Background: Research utilization in any professional practice, just like in the nursing profession, is an important component needed by practitioners to be able to incorporate into practice current innovations and best practices as such provided by Evidence-Based Practice (EBP). Most especially so during the current predicament when the world is plunged into a pandemic situation. Aim: The goal of this research endeavor is to know nurse practitioners’ perception in the utilization of research in individual practice and possible barriers that prevent its application in a Saudi Arabia context during the Covid-19 Pandemic period. Method: Through a survey research design done on-line, about 303 nurses from different departments participated who were all working currently in one of largest government Medical Cities in Riyadh. Descriptive statistics were used including tests of association and significant differences. Results: Results showed the following basic demographic features: female-dominated aged 31-40 years old, mostly married and non-Saudi. Respondents extended the same level of moderate research utilization, and acknowledging barriers in the same. Additionally, there seemed to have statistical associations found between research barriers concept and in the following demographic characteristics: sex ( p =.001), nationality ( p =.001), education ( p =.05), and years of experience ( p =.05). Statistically significant differences in responses were found in the following when computed bivariate on research utilization: nationality (.05), and area of assignment (.05). While there were also more significant differences in responses found on research barriers; sex ( p =.001), nationality ( p =.001), education ( p =.05), and professional role ( p =.05). Conclusion: The experience of research utilization found in this Saudi Arabia medical institution was characterized by moderate level utilization with same level of recognized research barriers even during this current pandemic situation. This can imply an acceptable level of research utilization among nurse practitioners with existing comparable barriers that could become for them areas of possible improvement and a venue to improvement on especially during Pandemic situation where innovations happen and much needed in the practice.
THE BIASES OF OPTICAL LINE-RATIO SELECTION FOR ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND THE INTRINSIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BLACK HOLE ACCRETION AND GALAXY STAR FORMATION

We use 317,000 emission-line galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to investigate line-ratio selection of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In particular, we demonstrate that “star formation (SF) dilution” by H ii regions causes a significant bias against AGN selection in low-mass, blue, star-forming, disk-dominated galaxies. This bias is responsible for the observed preference of AGNs among high-mass, green, moderately star-forming, bulge-dominated hosts. We account for the bias and simulate the intrinsic population of emission-line AGNs using a physically motivated Eddington ratio distribution, intrinsic AGN narrow line region line ratios, a luminosity-dependent L bol / L [ O III ] ? > bolometric correction, and the observed M BH – &sgr; ? > relation. These simulations indicate that, in massive ( log ( M * / M ⊙ ) ≳ 10 ? > ) galaxies, AGN accretion is correlated with specific star formation rate (SFR) but is otherwise uniform with stellar mass. There is some hint of lower black hole occupation in low-mass ( log ( M * / M ⊙ ) ≲ 10 ? > ) hosts, although our modeling is limited by uncertainties in measuring and interpreting the velocity dispersions of low-mass galaxies. The presence of SF dilution means that AGNs contribute little to the observed strong optical emission lines (e.g., [ O III ] ? > and H &agr; ? > ) in low-mass and star-forming hosts. However the AGN population recovered by our modeling indicates that feedback by typical (low- to moderate-accretion) low-redshift AGNs has nearly uniform efficiency at all stellar masses, SFRs, and morphologies. Taken together, our characterization of the observational bias and resultant AGN occupation function suggest that AGNs are unlikely to be the dominant source of SF quenching in galaxies, but instead are fueled by the same gas which drives SF activity.
Spectral classification of low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) energy spectra with color-color diagrams

Les observations RX de 21 binaires RX de faibles masses sont etudiees. Les diagrammes deux couleurs, les variations spectrales des binaires avec les fortes luminosites et les variations spectrales des sources de sursauts des binaires sont analyses. Une analyse spectrale de Cyg X−2 et Sco X−2 est realisee
Approximation and Weak Convergence Methods for Random Processes

Control and communications engineers, physicists, and probability theorists, among others, will find this book unique. It contains a detailed development of approximation and limit theorems and methods for random processes and applies them to numerous problems of practical importance. In particular, it develops usable and broad conditions and techniques for showing that a sequence of processes converges to a Markov diffusion or jump process. This is useful when the natural physical model is quite complex, in which case a simpler approximation la diffusion process, for example) is usually made.The book simplifies and extends some important older methods and develops some powerful new ones applicable to a wide variety of limit and approximation problems. The theory of weak convergence of probability measures is introduced along with general and usable methods (for example, perturbed test function, martingale, and direct averaging) for proving tightness and weak convergence.Kushner's study begins with a systematic development of the method. It then treats dynamical system models that have state-dependent noise or nonsmooth dynamics. Perturbed Liapunov function methods are developed for stability studies of nonMarkovian problems and for the study of asymptotic distributions of non-Markovian systems. Three chapters are devoted to applications in control and communication theory (for example, phase-locked loops and adoptive filters). Smallnoise problems and an introduction to the theory of large deviations and applications conclude the book.Harold J. Kushner is Professor of Applied Mathematics and Engineering at Brown University and is one of the leading researchers in the area of stochastic processes concerned with analysis and synthesis in control and communications theory. This book is the sixth in The MIT Press Series in Signal Processing, Optimization, and Control, edited by Alan S. Willsky.
study on effect of eWOM information on purchase intention for electric vehicles

Purpose- Today, customers play an active role in creating, generating, and sharing the electronic Word of mouth (eWOM). As a result, attracting customers through recommendations and WOM has become an important goal for businesses. In addition, Social Networking Sites (SNSs) have created valuable opportunities for eWOM. As a result, the development of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is essential. This study shows how eWOM information affects customers' purchase intention for EVs on social networking sites. Design/methodology/approach- This study employed the Information Adoption Model (IAM). Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire from 266 respondents in Hyderabad and Secunderabad to evaluate the proposed model using SmartPLS software. Findings –The findings show that information quality and Credibility positively affect the usefulness of the information. Furthermore, information adoption determines purchasing intentions, with information usefulness as a predictor for adoption. Research limitations/implications- This study aims to fill a gap in the research on SNSs, specifically in the context of eWOM information. The study proposes the IAM model and statistically confirms the hypothesized relationship. This study can be used as a platform for further studies. Practical implications-
Rural Challenges in Social Work Regulation

Purpose: Social work practice and its regulation pose special challenges in rural areas. The present study reports findings from a statewide assessment of the social work labor force in a midwestern state, focusing on workforce issues in rural communities. Methods: Researchers used a mixed-methods approach to collect and analyze qualitative and quantitative data through sequenced study phases, conducting focus groups, key informant interviews, and surveys. Results: The statewide assessment identified challenges in rural communities that inform critical issues in recruiting and retaining social workers and in social work monitoring, including access to supervision, continuing education, licensure portability, and equity and justice. Conclusions: Study results suggest strategies for improving the recruitment and retention of rural social workers and areas for future research.
Reflections on Learning from Observational Data

The social sciences study various aspects of human behaviour – social, economic and political – based on observational data. Observational data are inaccurate and subject to simultaneity, seasonality, structural breaks, random variation and too many interlocking variables masking the underlying causal patterns. During the past two decades or so, the use experimental data (RCTs) has become widely popular across the social sciences, creating a tension between the supporters and critics of the new and the old methodologies. In this paper, we first review these methodologies, both observational and experimental, focusing on how economists and other social scientists try to learn about the underlying causal relationships from the correlations contained in the data. We then reflect on whether the new or the old methodologies should be the way forward from a purely statistical and a broader policy and development perspectives.
Comprehensive Approaches of Nanoparticles for Growth Performance and Health Benefits in Poultry: An Update on the Current Scenario

Currently, providing nutritious food to all people is one of the greatest challenges due to rapid human population growth. The global poultry industry is a part of the agrifood sector playing an essential role in food insecurity by providing nutritious meat and egg sources. However, limited meat production with less nutritional value is not fulfilling the higher market demands worldwide. Researchers are focusing on nanobiotechnology by employing phytosynthesized mineral nanomaterials to improve the growth performance and nutritional status of broilers as these mineral nanoparticles are usually absorbed in greater amounts from the gastrointestinal tract and exert enhanced biological effects in the target tissues of animals with greater tissue accumulation. These mineral nanoparticles are efficiently absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and reach essential organs via blood. As a result, it enhances growth performance and nutritional value with less toxicity and tremendous bioavailability properties. In this review, the research work conducted in the recent past, on the different aspects of nanotechnology including supplementation of mineral nanoparticle in diet and their potential role in the poultry industry, has been concisely discussed.
Diagnostic Value of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Subacute Thyroiditis

In order to explore the clinical effect of color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis, a method for the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis by color Doppler ultrasonography was proposed. From November 2019 to November 2020, 90 patients with subacute thyroiditis in our hospital were selected as the experimental group; 90 healthy people were selected as the control group during the same period. Both groups were diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasonography and compared. The experimental results showed that patients with subacute thyroiditis showed mild to moderate enlargement of the involved thyroid gland, and local or diffuse inhomogeneous hypoechoic areas may appear in bilateral or unilateral thyroid glands: irregular edges, unclear boundaries, no “ball feel,” mottled changes, and accompanied by tenderness. The blood flow signal around the hypoechoic area is rich, and the internal blood flow signal is less. There was no significant increase in the blood flow velocity of the superior thyroid artery on the affected side. Color Doppler ultrasound not only is simple, economical, and non-invasive but also has a good diagnostic accuracy for subacute thyroiditis, which can provide an important basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment and is worthy of popularization and application.
Assessing The Impact of Innovative Practices on Customer Experience Satisfaction and Loyalty: A Study on Quick-Service Restaurants in North India

The primary rationale of this paper is to understand the impact of Innovative practices (IP) on Customer Experience (CE) and Customer Satisfaction (CS) in the Quick Service Restaurant. Further, the study also tends to approach innovative practices (IP) on Customer Loyalty (CL). The primary data was collected from 462 customers of a QSR belonging to an international brand located in Northern India. The scale development procedure involved Exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis has been used to identify and confirm the factor. Further Structural equation modelling has been used to test the hypothesized relationships. The findings of this study proved that innovative practices positively affect customer experience and Customer satisfaction in quick-service restaurants. The findings further indicated a significant relationship between innovation and customer loyalty. Several studies have been conducted on different aspects of service Innovation. The current study is the first attempt to offer innovative practices influence on Quick Service Restaurants. The paper is helpful for both practitioners and academicians as it would help develop effective marketing and operational strategies for Quick Service Restaurants. Moreover, managers are encouraged to carefully consider innovative practices that will increase the customer experience and the satisfaction toward their service offerings.
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent spots in high-speed boundary layers

We investigate the development of isolated turbulent spots in boundary layers at Mach numbers M = 1.1 and M = 5 for adiabatic and cooled walls by direct numerical simulations. The turbulent spots show typical properties known from the incompressible regime, e. g. , the arrowheadlike shape of the spot with the downstream overhang region and streaks in the tail region. At M = 5 spanwise structures close to the wall appear in the front region. Strong wall cooling leads to elongated turbulent spots. Besides the Mach number also the Reynolds number affects the spot growth. In the core region of the turbulent spots velocity profiles, skin friction and heat transfer are evaluated. For one parameter set at M = 1.1 turbulence statistics are analysed by considering an ensemble of turbulent spots with slightly varying initial disturbances. For M = 5 the asymptotic spreading of linear instabilities and its relation to the growth of turbulent spots are investigated. The downstream spreading of the turbulent spots is faster than for linear instabilities. In contrast to the adiabatic wall case, the slow tail velocity of the cooledwall spots seems to be related to the spreading of linear instabilities. The near-field reveals waves propagating away from the spots. In the freestream they are spherical and propagate according to classical acoustics, while within the boundary layer they appear as distinct semi-circular patterns.
Recipient Age Predicts 20-Year Survival in Pediatric Liver Transplant

Introduction Pediatric liver transplant recipients have demonstrated excellent long-term survival. The purpose of this analysis is to investigate factors associated with 20-year survival to identify areas for improvement in patient care. Methods Kaplan–Meier with log-rank test as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to retrospectively analyze 4,312 liver transplant recipients under the age of 18 between September 30, 1987 and March 9, 1998. Our primary endpoint was 20-year survival among one-year survival. Results Logistic regression analysis identified recipient age as a significant risk factor, with recipients below 5 years old having a higher 20-year survival rate (p < 0.001). A preoperative primary diagnosis of a metabolic dysfunction was found to be protective compared to other diagnoses (OR 1.64, CI 1.20–2.25). African-American ethnicity (OR 0.71, CI 0.58–0.87) was also found to be a risk factor for mortality. Technical variant allografts (neither living donor nor cadaveric) were not associated with increased or decreased rates of 20-year survival. Conclusions Our analysis suggests that long-term survival is inversely correlated with recipient age following pediatric liver transplant. If validated with further studies, this conclusion may have profound implications on the timing of pediatric liver transplantation.
Prevalence of Dietary Supplements Use among College Students in Iraq

Background: Dietary supplements (DS) are products that are intended to be consumed orally and serve the purpose of supplementing one's diet. Although, these products are very popular, their usage among undergraduate students in Iraq is still obscure. Aim: To evaluate the pattern, type, and reasons for supplement usage among Iraqi undergraduate students and to detect the source of information about dietary supplements. Methods: A sample of 442 students at different colleges in Baghdad were surveyed through a questionnaire composed of 13 questions and divided into four sections: socio-demographic, dietary supplement (DS) knowledge, DS intake, and reasons behind their usage. Descriptive statistics were conducted to determine the frequency and percentages of respondents for each variable. Results: A total of 442 participants were included in the study; 160 (36.2%) were males and 282 (63.8%) were females. Out of the total number of the participants, 329 (74%) were dietary supplement users, 139 (42.25%) were males, and 190 (57.75%) were females. Most of the participants (72%) used vit. D3 supplement, and the mean reason for using DS was to overcome nutritional deficiency. Conclusion: Most of the participants are dietary supplement users, with a higher percentage of females. The main reasons for both genders' resorting to dietary supplement use are to improve their health and improve their immunity.
Hysteresis Behaviors in East Asian Extreme Precipitation Frequency to CO2 Pathway

Understanding regional hydro‐climatic extreme responses to CO2 pathways is fundamental to climate change mitigation and adaptation. This study evaluates responses of extreme precipitation frequency (R30mm: days with precipitation ≥30 mm) over East Asia to idealized CO2 forcing using the Community Earth System Model (CESM1). Under a symmetric increase (ramp‐up, +1% per year until quadrupling level) and decrease (ramp‐down, about −1% per year back to the present level) of CO2 concentrations, East Asian R30mm shows an asymmetric response with higher frequency during the ramp‐down period. This hysteresis behavior is found to be due to a northwestward propagating wave response to the El Niño‐like warming, which induces a three‐cell (positive‐negative‐positive) R30mm difference pattern from central equatorial Pacific to East Asia. Monthly analysis further reveals that this asymmetry has a seasonal locking, occurring during July–September only, constrained by the background precipitation climatology over the sub‐tropical western Pacific.