Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RAS one-equation turbulence model with non-singular eddy-viscosity coefficient

ABSTRACT A simplified consistency formulation for Pk/ε (production to dissipation ratio) is devised to obtain a non-singular Cμ (coefficient of eddy-viscosity) in the explicit algebraic Reynolds stress model of Gatski and Speziale. The coefficient Cμ depends non-linearly on both rotational/irrotational strains and is used in the framework of an improved RAS (Rahman–Agarwal–Siikonen) one-equation turbulence model to calculate a few well-documented turbulent flows, yielding predictions in good agreement with the direct numerical simulation and experimental data. The strain-dependent Cμ assists the RAS model in constructing the coefficients and functions such as to benefit complex flows with non-equilibrium turbulence. Comparisons with the Spalart–Allmaras one-equation model and the shear stress transport k-ω model demonstrate that Cμ improves the response of RAS model to non-equilibrium effects.
Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Brief Resilience Scale

Objective To translate the Brief Resilience Scale into Korean and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods To investigate the factor structure of the Brief Resilience Scale, we examined a two-factor model comprising positively and negatively worded items. Congruent and divergent validity of the Brief Resilience Scale were investigated using correlation analysis between the Brief Resilience Scale and resilience, depression, and perceived stress. By conducting an analysis of variance among groups classified by suicidality (no suicidality, only suicidal ideation, and suicidal ideation or suicidal plan groups), we evaluated how well the Brief Resilience Scale could detect people with a high risk of suicide. Results Confirmatory factor analysis results supported the construct validity of the Brief Resilience Scale using a two-factor model. Cronbach’s alpha (0.91) and McDonald’s omega (0.91) scores indicated high internal consistency. Correlation analysis showed that the Brief Resilience Scale scores were strongly associated with a questionnaire evaluating resilience, depression, and perceived stress. Analysis of variance and post-hoc tests showed that he Brief Resilience Scale scores were highest in the no suicidality group (p < 0.001). Conclusion The Korean version of the Brief Resilience Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating resilience as the capacity to recover from adversity and endure obstacles or stress. This study also provides important evidence regarding the sensitivity of the Brief Resilience Scale to suicidal risk.
p53 expression is associated with tumor stage, grade and subtype in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

The present study aimed to determine the expression levels of p53 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate its association with several HCC-related prognostic factors and in particular, with tumor stage, grade and subtype. Therefore, a cross-sectional study, involving 41 patients with HCC, who underwent surgical resection between January, 2013 and December, 2020 was conducted. To assess the expression levels of p53 in all patients with HCC, immunohistochemical staining was performed. In addition, the association between p53 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with HCC, including prognostic factors, was evaluated by applying the appropriate statistical analysis methods. The results revealed that among the 41 patients enrolled, 35 patients (85.4%) were positive for p53 expression. A higher percentage of positive p53 expression was observed in male patients >60 years old, with single HCC nodules >5 cm in diameter and vascular invasion, compared with their counterparts. A positive p53 expression was associated with well- and poorly differentiated HCC, but not with tumor stage and subtype. No differences in p53 expression were observed across different tumor stages and subtypes. Additionally, patients with moderately and poorly differentiated HCC exhibited significantly higher p53 expression levels compared with those suffering from well-differentiated HCC. Overall, the results demonstrated that the rate of p53 immuno-positive cells was increased in patients with HCC. In addition, p53 expression was associated with well- and poorly differentiated HCC, thus suggesting its association with a poorer prognosis.
Four-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Image Evaluation of the Change of Condylar Movement With and Without Implant-Supported Removable Prostheses in the Fibular Mandible: A Pilot Case Series Report

Implant-supported removable prostheses (ISrP) improve the quality of life, especially in patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction, but few studies have focused on the effect of ISrP in the fibular mandible on the function of the temporomandibular joint. The purpose of this pilot case series was to determine the usefulness of four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) images for the evaluation of differences in condylar movements with and without ISrP. Three patients who underwent ISrP following segmental mandibulectomy and free-flap reconstruction were evaluated. The participants were instructed to masticate a cookie during the 4DCT scan. The distance between the most anterior and posterior positions of the condyles on the sagittal view of the 4DCT images during the chewing of the cookies was measured and compared with and without ISrP. 4DCT revealed changes in the distances of condylar protrusion with and without wearing ISrP, but there were no obvious differences among the three patients. The 4DCT motion analysis was useful for the evaluation of the effect of wearing ISrP on condylar movements during mastication in patients with mandibular reconstruction and may become a useful objective evaluation method for the functional evaluation of ISrP.
Stability of nonlinear descriptor systems

Vibration systems which are governed by differential-algebraic equations, i.e. descriptor systems have been considered in recent years but still a lot of unsolved problems exists. Here, we consider the stability behaviour of nonlinear descriptor systems with special attention to mechanical systems with holonomic constraints. Based on recent stability results for linear mechanical descriptor systems including a generalization of the Thomson-Tait-Chetaev theorem nonlinear mechanical systems are considered using Hamilton's function as a Lyapunov function. These results will be extended to general nonlinear descriptor systems in semi-explicit form. Additionally, the theory of stability with respect to a part of variables will be applied to find sufficient conditions on stability in the sense of Lyapunov or on asymptotic stability.
PARAMETRIC SMOOTHING OF SPLINE INTERPOLATION Jes´ us Ib´ a˜

Cubic spline interpolation is commonly applied in signal reconstruction problems. However, overshooting between samples is normally observed, and typically the reconstructed signal does not preserve the statistical properties of the original data neither other desired properties such as monotonicity or convexity. These undesirable effects are minimized in the case of piecewise linear (PWL) interpolation, of course with a discontinuous derivative. In this paper we use aparameterized family of splines, named αsplines , that allows a smooth transition from PWL (α =0 ) to cubic spline interpolation (α =1 ). Closed-form expressions that relate α to the smoothness and variance of the interpolation are derived. Moreover, a fast interpolation technique based on digital filtering can be applied.
Anomalous Cold Spell in Summer over Northeastern Japan Caused by Northeasterly Wind from Polar Maritime Airmass: Part 1. EOF analysis of temperature variation in relation to the large-scale situation causing the cold summer@@@Part.1日本の夏季気温変動の主成分分析と東北冷夏に関連する大規模場

L'ete froid dans le district de Tohoku (au nord-est du Japon) est provoque par l'intrusion, se dirigeant vers le sud-ouest, de la masse d'air polaire maritime, formee au-dessus de la mer d'Okhotsk, de la mer de Bering et du Pacifique nord. On note la correlation elevee entre la t de l'air en surface, la t de la surface de l'eau et la duree de l'ensoleillement, et l'on insiste sur le fait que l'anomalie de l'ete froid apparait au-dessus d'une etendue bien localisee (le cote Pacifique du district) bien qu'elle soit due a un ecoulement d'est de grande echelle, avec comme origine une masse polaire maritime
Intégrales asymptotiques et monodromie

© Institut Fourier – Université de Grenoble, 1973-1974, tous droits réservés. L’accès aux archives de la collection « Cours de l’institut Fourier » implique l’accord avec les conditions générales d’utilisation (http://www.numdam.org/conditions). Toute utilisation commerciale ou impression systématique est constitutive d’une infraction pénale. Toute copie ou impression de ce fichier doit contenir la présente mention de copyright.
Simultaneous Influence of Static Load and Temperature on the Electromechanical Signature of Piezoelectric Elements Bonded to Composite Aeronautic Structures

Electromechanical (EM) signature techniques have raised a huge interest in the structural health-monitoring community. These methods aim at assessing structural damages and sensors degradation by analyzing the EM responses of piezoelectric components bonded to aeronautic structures. These structures are subjected simultaneously to static loads and temperature variations that affect the metrics commonly used for damage detection and sensor diagnostics. However, the effects of load and temperature on these metrics have mostly been addressed separately. This paper presents experimentations conducted to investigate the simultaneous influence of static load and temperature on these metrics for two kinds of piezoelectric elements (lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and macrofiber composite (MFC)) bonded on sandwich composite materials, for the full range of real-life conditions encountered in aeronautics. Results obtained indicate that both factors affect the metrics in a coupled manner in particular due to the variations of the mechanical properties of the bonding layer when crossing its glass transition temperature. Furthermore, both piezoelectric elements globally behave similarly when subjected to temperature variations and static loads. Simultaneous accounting of both temperature and static load is thus needed in practice in order to design reliable structural health-monitoring systems based on these metrics.
Students’ conceptions of average and standard deviation

As statistics teachers, we investigated undergraduate students’ conceptual understanding of two major measures of descriptive statistics, average and standard deviation. First, 352 students were asked to define average and standard deviation before their first statistics class. The answers confirmed that most of the students had an algorithmic conception of average and failed to explain what standard deviation is. We then focused on the way students’ understanding of average and standard deviation improved, which is still largely unexplored: so we repeated the same experiment after the last statistics lesson of the year. Students’ preconceptions seem to have disappeared after statistics teaching; the final results showed a better understanding of average and standard deviation with some lingering difficulties for standard deviation.
How authentic leadership cultivates trust and desirable workplace behaviors in hotels: Commitment and leader-follower value congruence matters

Abstract This study explores how hotel supervisors’ authentic leadership behavior relates to followers’ value congruence, trust, organizational commitment (OC), and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). Survey data were collected from 176 Turkish hotel employees at two time points. Through SmartPLS, it was revealed that followers’ trust in their supervisor mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and OC. Indirect effects were found for authentic leadership on OCBs, both through trust and OC. Value congruence moderated the relationship between authentic leadership and followers’ trust in their supervisor. Results confirmed theoretical expectations, except for the surprising effect of value congruence in relationship to authentic leadership and trust.
In vitro determination of the sun protection factor (SPF) and photochemoprotection
 potential of aqueous extract of banana peels (Musa sp.) against UV-B radiation

: Banana ( Musa sp.) fruits have been investigated by the scientific community for their healing properties due to their composition in bioactive compounds. In this study, the aqueous extract (AE) of banana peels ( Musa sp., cv . Prata Anã) was chemically characterized and investigated regarding its antioxidant and photochemoprotective potential against UV-B radiation in BALB/3T3 clone A31 mouse fibroblasts. The results showed the AE as a source of phenolic compounds, mainly gallic acid. Antioxidant activity of AE was demonstrated by its ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals and to reduce ferric–tripyridyltriazine complex. A sun protection factor (SPF) of up to 36.4 was determined through the Mansur equation. The AE revealed low cytotoxicity (96 ± 12% cell viability - 100 µg/mL) to mouse fibroblasts and the determination of the photochemoprotective effect revealed preservation of collagen biosynthesis in cells exposed to UV-B (38.6 ± 7%), also contributing to the maintenance of cellular and nuclear morphologies. Thus, the AE of banana peels seems to be an interesting candidate for pharmaceutical/cosmetic formulations to combat skin’s photoaging caused by UV-B radiation.
Nature-Inspired Intelligent Synthesis of a Spherical Mechanism for Passive Ankle Rehabilitation Using Differential Evolution

The ankle rehabilitation in certain injuries requires passive movements to aid in the prompt recovery of ankle movement. In the last years, parallel ankle rehabilitation robots with multiple degrees of freedom have been the most studied for providing such movements in a controlled way. Nevertheless, the high cost does not make it viable for home healthcare. Then, this paper presents an optimization approach where a spherical mechanism of one-degree-of-freedom is proposed as a low-cost ankle rehabilitation device to provide the passive rehabilitation exercise for plantar flexion/dorsiflexion and adduction/abduction ankle movements. The approach is formulated as a mono-objective constraint optimization problem where the relative motion angle of the mechanism, the Grashof criterion, the force transmission, and the rehabilitation routine are included. The link lengths of the mechanism parameterized in Cartesian coordinates are found by the two most representative differential evolution variants. The statistical analysis of optimizers indicates that the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$DE/rand/1/bin$ </tex-math></inline-formula> finds, on average, more promising solutions through algorithm executions than the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$DE/best/1/bin$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The numerical simulation results and the motion simulation of the CAD model illustrate the obtained ankle rehabilitation mechanism, indicating that the percentage error between the desired rehabilitation path and the curve generated by the coupler point of the mechanism is in the interval <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$[{0.036,0.437}]\%$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Manufacturing the ankle rehabilitation mechanism with a 3D printer validates the optimization approach and verifies the resulting mechanism.
31.3 nW, 0.5 V Bulk-Driven OTA for Biosignal Processing

This paper presents a new extremely low-voltage low-power bulk-driven (BD) operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) realized for low frequency biosignal processing. The CMOS structure of the OTA utilizes bulk-driven and self-cascode techniques in the subthreshold region, supporting the operation with the supply voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{V}_{\mathrm {DD}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) as the threshold voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{V}_{\mathrm {TH}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of a single MOS transistor, i.e., <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{V}_{\mathrm {DD}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{V}_{\mathrm {TH}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 0.5 V, while offering nano power consumption (31.3 nW for 15 nA nominal setting current). Using the extremely low-voltage and low-power OTA in biosignal processing enables extending the lifetime of applications that are powered by battery or energy harvesting sources. The OTA has a 54.7 dB low frequency gain, 6.18 kHz gain bandwidth and 75° phase margin at 15 pF load capacitance. The proposed OTA has been used to realize a bandpass filter (BPF) with adjustable gain for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing. The higher cutoff frequency of the BPF is adjustable electronically by a setting current and the BPF’s gain can be adjusted by capacitors value. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the BPF is −53.56 dB, the input integrated input-referred voltage noise is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$17.9 \mu \text{V}_{\mathrm {rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is 75 dB and the power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) is 87.7 dB. The BPF was designed in the Cadence program using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.18 \mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS technology from TSMC. The simulation results agree with the presented theory.
Modelling radio refractive index in the atmospheric surface layer

Knowledge of the refractive index profile at radio frequencies in the surface layer of the atmosphere is required to predict the performance of terrestrial radio systems, and although a constant gradient of refractivity with height is often assumed, both measurements and theory suggest that gradients in the lowest 20 m of the atmosphere may often be greater than those above this level. For the special case of evaporation ducts over water in a neutral atmosphere, a logarithmic refractivity profile is normally assumed, but a general model that includes both this case and the linear profile as special cases is proposed, which may also be used to approximately model stable and unstable surface atmospheres. This new model may be particularly suited to predicting sub-refractive fading.
Non-Stationary Precipitation Frequency Estimates for Resilient Infrastructure Design in a Changing Climate: A Case Study in Sydney

The intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curve is a commonly utilized tool for estimating extreme rainfall events that are used for many purposes including flood analysis. Extreme rainfall events are expected to become more intense under the changing climate, and there is a need to account for non-stationarity IDF curves to mitigate an underestimation of the risks associated with extreme rainfall events. Sydney, Australia, has recently started experiencing flooding under climate change and more intense rainfall events. This study evaluated the impact of climate change on altering the precipitation frequency estimates (PFs) used in generating IDF curves at Sydney Airport. Seven general circulation models (GCMs) were obtained, and the best models in terms of providing the extreme series were selected. The ensemble of the best models was used for comparing the projected 24 h PFs in 2031–2060 with historical values provided by Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR). The historical PFs consistently underestimate the projected 24 h PFs for all return periods. The projected 24 h 100 yr rainfall events are increased by 9% to 41% for the least and worst-case scenario compared to ARR historical PFs. These findings highlight the need for incorporating the impact of climate change on PFs and IDF curves in Sydney toward building a more prepared and resilient community. The findings of this study can also aid other communities in adapting the same framework for developing more robust and adaptive approaches to reducing extreme rainfall events’ repercussions under changing climates.
A Retrospective Multicenter Study of the Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Young Adult Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Effects of Chemotherapy on Prognosis

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate clinicopathologic features of young patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to compare their prognosis with those of older patients Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent surgery for stage 0–III CRC at four university-affiliated hospitals between January 2011 and December 2020. The patients were divided into two groups, the young adult group (≤45 years) and the older group (>45 years). Results: Of 1992 patients, 93 (4.6%) were young adults and 1899 (95.3%) were older patients. Young patients showed more symptoms (p = 0.014) and more poorly or undifferentiated adenocarcinoma (p = 0.047) than older patients. The young adult patients were more likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.001) and multidrug agents (p = 0.029), and less likely to cease chemotherapy (p = 0.037). The five-year RFS (recurrence-free survival) rate was better in the young adults than in the older patients (p = 0.009). In the multivariable analysis, young age was a significant prognostic factor for better RFS (p = 0.015). Conclusions: Young patients with CRC had more symptoms, aggressive histological features than older patients. They received more multidrug agents and discontinued chemotherapy less often, resulting in better prognosis.
Convergence of a Fast Hierarchical Alternating Least Squares Algorithm for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization

The hierarchical alternating least squares (HALS) algorithms are powerful tools for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), among which the Fast-HALS, proposed in [A. Cichocki and A. -H. Phan, 2009], is one of the most efficient. This paper investigates the convergence of Fast-HALS. First, a more general weak convergence (converged subsequences exist and converge to the stationary point set) is established without any assumption, while most existing results assume all the columns of iterates are strictly away from the origin. Then, a simplified strong convergence (the entire sequence converges to a stationary point) proof is provided. The existing strong convergence is attributed to the block prox-linear (BPL) method, which is a more general framework including Fast-HALS as a special case. So, the convergence proof under BPL is quite complex. Our simplified proof explores the structure of Fast-HALS and can be regarded as a complement to the results under BPL. In addition, some numerical verifications are presented.
Drift estimation with non-gaussian noise using Malliavin Calculus

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show the existence of drift estimators dominating the standard one in continuous-time models of the form Xt “ ut ` Zt, where ut is the drift and Zt is either a Brownian martingale or a non-martingale noise living in the second Wiener chaos. Our results are based on the use of Malliavin calculus techniques, and extend previous findings of Privault and Réveillac (2008).