Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Causes and consequences of voluntary assurance of CSR reports

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, the authors investigate a firm’s decision to provide a CSR report, and if so, whether to have the report assured and to seek higher quality assurance as reflected through the choices of the scope of the assurance and type of assurer, Big 4 accounting firm vs specialist consultant. Second, the authors investigate the impact of voluntary assurance of CSR reports, assurance scope and type of assurer on the likelihood of inclusion in the DJSI and on market valuation. ,The study’s sample consists of 17,050 firm-year observations from 40 countries with CSR reports available from Corporate Register and ESG metrics available from ASSET4 over the period 2009–2015. The study first empirically examines the associations between CSR commitment and each of CSR report provision, CSR report assurance, assurance scope and type of assurer. It then examines that association between both inclusion in the DJSI and market valuation with each of CSR report assurance, assurance scope and type of assurer, using inclusion in the DJSI as an objective measure of a firm’s reputation for sustainability given its recognition as a leading indicator for corporate sustainability and market valuation as a reflection of the broader set of capital market participants. ,The authors establish two key findings consistent with the predictions of signaling theory. First, we show that high CSR commitment firms are more likely to: provide standalone CSR reports; obtain assurance; obtain assurance from a Big 4 accounting firm; and, adopt higher assurance scope. Second, the authors find that both CSR report assurance and assurance scope increase the likelihood of inclusion in the DJSI, but that the type of assurance provider does not. Alternatively, the authors find that capital market participants appear to value the provision of a CSR report only when it is assured by a Big 4 accounting firm. ,The results in the existing literature exploring the capital market benefits to CSR Assurance have been mixed. Firms that voluntarily obtain CSR Assurance incur a cost in doing so and must perceive a net benefit from obtaining such assurance. Despite the limited guidance currently provided by existing CSR standards, we establish the existence of benefits to obtaining CSR Assurance in terms of enhanced likelihood of DJSI inclusion and, more generally, enhanced market valuation. The discussions with DJSI analysts indicate that CSR assurance does enhance the perceived reliability of CSR data, thus improving user confidence.
Exploring Personal Political Brands of Iceland’s Parliamentarians

This paper focuses on an under-researched and under-developed typology of political branding and conceptualizes politicians as personal political brands. Further, this study answers explicit calls for more research devoted to exploring the development of intended brand identity particularly from a brand creator perspective. Members of Parliament from the Republic of Iceland contextualizes this study. This qualitative case-study approach reveals how personal political brands create, construct and communicate their identity. Personal political brand identities were established and managed via a clear brand mantra and offline-online communication tools, which in turn revealed a degree of alignment with their party-political brand. However, this paper also demonstrates the challenges of managing the identities of personal political brands in terms of authenticity and integration particularly with coalition partners. Our paper builds on the six-staged analytical process of personal branding and proposes the Personal Political Brand Identity Appraisal Framework as an operational tool to introspectively evaluate personal political brand identity. This framework can be used by political actors across different settings and contexts to assess personal political brands from multiple perspectives.
THE ROLE OF HANDWRITING INSTRUCTION IN WRITERS’ EDUCATION

ABSTRACT Based on the Writer(s)-within-Community Model, this article focuses on the role of handwriting in writers’ composing process. With the goal of highlighting the importance of researching and promoting handwriting, we provide an extensive summary of current evidence on the topic. It is well established that an important condition for skilled writing is handwriting automaticity. As here reviewed, there are at least four reasons why poor and slow handwriting can interfere with writing: it has a negative impact on the reader, creates a mismatch between ideas generation and recording, imposes heavy demands on working memory, and turns writing into a painful experience. Grounded on this, we make the case for providing child and adolescent writers with explicit and systematic practice in handwriting through evidence-based practices. The best practices at the letter (e.g., alphabet exercises), word/sentence (e.g., copying exercises), and text (e.g., authentic writing tasks) levels are reviewed. We conclude that the integration of handwriting practices into the educational program of beginning and developing writers is particularly important. It may allow the creation of solid basis for other writing abilities to flourish and therefore contribute to the emergence of capable and motivated writers.
Sedation of Ventilated Patients and Analgesia

Sedation and analgesia constitute a fundamental part of the daily clinical practice in intensive care units (ICUs). Its use is necessary to provide comfort, pain relief, anxiolysis, and amnesia to patients subjected to distressing procedures such as mechanical ventilation. It has been demonstrated that adequate sedoanalgesia lessens stress-related events in the critically ill patients, facilitating their management and improving their outcomes. However, misuse of sedatives and analgesics may carry the risk of unrecognized enduring deleterious immediate and long-term consequences such as prolonged mechanical ventilation, ICU and hospital time, and psychological distress. For these reasons, a number of sedation and analgesia strategies have been proposed to provide the minimal effective dose during the shortest possible time to avoid the adverse effects derived from agent accumulation. Patient-targeted sedation protocols, analgesia-based sedation strategies, and several interventions such as daily interruption or sequential use of sedatives have been proven to optimize patient comfort whereas minimizing awakening time or mechanical ventilator duration and maximizing patient awareness of their surroundings. However, despite the proven beneficial effects of these strategies, their implementation continues to be a challenge to the ICU professionals. Sedation and analgesia strategies should be designed to meet the particular physical and human characteristics of the area where it is to be implemented. Similarly, their implementation should be carried out by multidisciplinary teams that focus on the specific characteristics and circumstances of the patient.
The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in the Organizational Justice’s Effect on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: A Research on Academic Staff

Son yillarda Turkiye’de kurulan universite sayisinda gozlenen onemli artis, dikkatleri, genc bireyleri profesyonel kariyerlerine hazirlamaya yardimci olmaktan sorumlu akademisyenler uzerinde yogunlastirmistir. Fakulte yonetiminin daimi destegine ihtiyac duyan ustun yetenekli akademisyenlerin gorevlerinde kaliciliklarinin saglanmasi, yuksekogrenim kuruluslarinin uzunca bir suredir esas hedefi haline gelmistir. Bu baglamda, akademisyenlerin orgutsel baglilik, is tatmini ve isten ayrilma niyeti duzeylerini etkilemesi bakimindan fakulte uyeleri arasinda orgutsel adaletin saglanmasi baslica sorunlardan biri olarak gundeme gelmektedir. Orgutsel davranis baglaminda, bu calismanin asil amaci; orgutsel adaletin ve orgutsel bagliligin, is tatmini ve isten ayrilma niyeti uzerindeki etkilerini bir vakif universitesinde gorevli 235 akademisyenden olusan bir orneklem uzerinde incelemektir. Bu calisma, akademik personelin orgutsel adalet algilarinin artmasi durumunda orgutsel baglilik ve is tatmini duzeylerinin artarken isten ayrilma duzeylerinin ise azaldigini ortaya cikarmaktadir. Bu calisma sonucunda elde edilen veriler, SPSS 25 paket programi ile analiz edilmistir. Bu calisma kapsaminda frekans, korelasyon ve regresyon analizlerini kapsayan nicel arastirma yontemlerinden yararlanilmis olup; calismada kullanilan olceklerin guvenilirligi, Cronbach alfa guvenilirlik katsayilari ile dogrulanmistir. Bu calisma ile orgutsel adaletin; orgutsel baglilik, is tatmini ve isten ayrilma gibi calisanlarin esenliginin onemli gostergesi olan temel orgutsel davranislar uzerinden akademik personelin gorevlerinde kalici olma oranina nasil dogrudan etki ettigine yonelik ayrintili bir kavrayis saglanmasi amaclanmaktadir.
Strengthening Tolerance Attitude through Fellow Community

Various cases of religious and social intolerance reflect that Indonesian society needs to improve and strengthen tolerance. Several ways are taken so that tolerance can be instilled and strengthened through both formal and informal aspects. From an informal perspective, the community has a way to instill tolerance through community activities including Jaga Sesama community. The purpose of this study was to determine the strengthening of tolerance through the Community Watch Guard conducted by using qualitative methods and purposive sampling techniques. The research subjects were members of Jaga Sesama community. Data collection techniques by interview and observation. The results of the study showed that community activities such as Reading Qur’an and Mbois (Discussion Islamic Chat) helped strengthen the tolerance of the Surakarta community which was shown through mutual respect, mutual respect for each other or different religions, accepting differences and always maintaining harmony that could strengthen unity and integrity.
Cultivating Creativity in Adult Literacy Education Settings

Few traits are as desirable as creativity. In fact, according to chief executives around the world, creativity is the most sought-after trait in leaders. Yet creativity is also one of the most elusive concepts (Csikszenthmihalyi, 1996). There is no shortage of definitions. Some define creativity as novelty, effectiveness, ethicality (e.g., Cropley, 2001). Others characterize creativity as a psychological trait that produces high quality, novel, useful work appropriate to an audience (e.g., Sternberg, Lubert, Kaufman, & Pretz, 2005). Others argue creativity is a confluence of personality traits, alternative ways of thinking and knowing, and a mixture of social and environmental influences (e.g., Kerka, 1999).
Trends of measles in Nigeria: A systematic review

Background: Measles, a highly infectious viral disease, is endemic in developing countries with a peak of transmission from October to March. The case fatality rate of measles in the developing countries stands at around 3-5%; this could be as high as 10% during epidemics. Although natural infection with the measles virus confers life-long immunity, those vaccinated with the vaccine could get up to 10 years of protection. In spite of the availability of measles vaccines, there have been sporadic measles outbreaks, especially in developing countries, hence the need to know the underlying cause. Study Design: Systematic review. Method: Relevant literature was reviewed on trend of measles. The literature accessed from the W.H. O and UNICEF sites, and also using Google search include case-series studies, community-based studies on age-specific measles case fatality ratios (CFRs), and cohort analysis of surveillance data. Results: The review shows that lowest measles CFR is seen among the vaccinated children and highest seen among the unvaccinated children. Additionally, the broad range of case and death definitions of measles as well as the study population and geography, clearly highlight the complexities in extrapolating results for global public health planning. Conclusion: The outcome of several studies has shown that measles outbreaks are associated with factors that include: weak measles case-based surveillance in some areas, lack of awareness about the disease among parents, vaccine stock-out, and lack of adequate cold chain equipment to preserve the vaccine in remote hard-to-reach areas.
Removing situation descriptions from situational judgment test items: Does the impact differ for video‐based versus text‐based formats?

Recent research has shown that many text-based situational judgment test (SJT) items can be solved even when the situational descriptions in the item stems are not presented to test takers. This finding challenges the traditional view of SJTs as low-fidelity simulations that rely on “situational” (context-dependent) judgment. However, media richness theory and construal level theory suggest that situation descriptions presented in a richer and more concrete format (video format) will reduce uncertainty about inherent requirements and facilitate the perception that the situation is taking place in the here and now. Therefore, we hypothesized that situational judgment would be more important in video situation descriptions than in text situation descriptions. We adapted a leadership SJT to realize a 3 (situation description in the item stem: video vs. text vs. none) × 2 (response format: video response options vs. text response options) between-subjects design (N = 279). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the six conditions. The removal of video-based situation descriptions in item stems led to an equivalent decrease in SJT scores as the removal of textbased situation descriptions in item stems (video-based version: Cohen’s d = 0.535 vs. textbased version: Cohen’s d = 0.531). SJT scores were also contingent on the presentation format of both situation descriptions and response options: The highest scores were observed when situation descriptions and response options were presented in the same format. Implications for SJT theory and research are discussed.
Evaluating the performance of educational groups using Effective Professional Learning Communities (EPLCs) model

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and review the performance of educational departments using effective indices of educational groups (Effective Professional Learning Communities, EPLCs) in Bushehr Province. Materials and Methods: The study is applied with descriptive-surveyed method. The population of this research was 550 of department managers of three grads schools in Bushehr on 20132014. Statistical sample was 226 subjects that were calculated using Morgan table. Data were analysed using paired samples t-test. Results showed that common views and values in schools enhanced performance of educational departments. In addition, supportive participative leadership style provides enhanced performance of educational groups (p<0.5). According to data from the two main components of the research, we note that in order to improve the performance and efficiency of educational groups, they have to assist them in establishing and strengthen the areas of vision and common values, promote supportive and collaborative leadership style to boost efficiency and improves their performance and efficiency.
An Examination of Sex-Differences in Emotion Identification as Influenced by BDSM Negotiations

Abstinence-only sexual education curriculums are dominant in the USA, which leads the younger generation to seek sexual health knowledge from the next most readily available source—the media (Leistner & Mark, 2016); mass media portrayal of bondagediscipline/dominant-submissive/sadist-masochist (BDSM) relationships borders on the pathological. The present study sought to destigmatize BDSM practitioners through the use of empirical data. Participants of this study read a half page vignette of a conversation (to be imagined between them and a sexual partner) pertaining to either a sexual history overview, an adrenaline producing activity, or a BDSM-scene negotiation. Immediately following, participants viewed a self-progressed slide show of the seven culturally universal emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, fear, contempt and surprise) at a rate of . 1 seconds each, and judged which emotion they saw in which face. It was predicted that participants having read and imagined the BDSM-scene negotiation would have better emotion detection scores than participants in either the sexual history or adrenaline activity discussion and that women would be better able to accurately identify emotions, as compared to men. Predictions failed to receive support from the data analysis.
Camel milk: alternative milk for human consumption and its health benefits

Purpose – Camel as a livestock plays an important role in desert ecosystem and its milk has potential contribution in human nutrition in the hot and arid regions of the world. This milk contains all the essential nutrients as found in other milk. Fresh and fermented camel milk has been used in different regions in the world including India, Russia and Sudan for human consumption as well as for treatment of a series of diseases such as dropsy, jaundice, tuberculosis, asthma and leishmaniasis or kala-azar. The present paper aims to explore the possibility of camel milk as an alternative milk for human consumption. Design/methodology/approach – Recently, camel milk and its components were also reported to have other potential therapeutic properties, such as anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive and renoprotective potential; and for autism, and has been recommended to be consumed by children who are allergic to bovine milk. Findings – It has also been reported to alleviate oxidative stress and l.
Analyzing of puzzle local culture-based in teaching english for young learners

Local culture-based learning is potential learning with integrates and emphasizes culture locally in the learning process. Learning through culture could be raised up of students’ appreciation for the local culture. This study potentials to improve students’ interesting, enrich vocabulary, metacognitive, and four basic language skills for younger learners “it is time to speak, it is time read, it is time to read, and the last one, time to listen. The subjects of this study were students’ primary school level, less than ten years consist of 20 boys and 14 girls, totaling is 34 students. This study used descriptive qualitative techniques in describing the improvement experienced by students. And the data used of this research were gathered by 1) observation; 2) interview; 3) documentation. The results of this study showed that 20 students felt interesting in learning English, 10 students showed progress in vocabulary, and the rest did not show any progress, and, this is influenced by the internal factors of the students. It is also recommended that puzzle local culture-based can be used as a media to motivate young learners in learning English. By doing this, the teacher could assess not only their interest to learn English but also their understanding of their local cultures.
The Spatial Pattern of the Fear of Crime in Lund City among Lund University Students: Mapping with a Web-Based Support System

The fear of crime is a negative emotional reaction of people to possible crimes, and there is sometimes a disparity between the actual crime rate and the fear of crime of people. Geographical researchers often combine the sketch map with the fear of crime to analyze the spatial pattern of the fear. The approaches of neogeography can possibly make the surveys with sketch map more effective and allow the people to participate in the research process. A support system for analyzing the fear of crime based on the sketch maps will be developed, the functions, techniques and the components will be concluded from the existing literatures. Then, this system will be used to analyze the spatial pattern of the fear of crime in Lund among Lund University students and the factors of fear. The spatial disparity of the fear and the actual violent crime spots will also be explored. According to the literatures, the support system should include an online questionnaire with an interactive map, and a GIS analysis process which ensures the data transferability, and several coding and web-mapping techniques were used to fulfill these functions. This study discovered that the most fearful places in Lund to the Lund University students locates in the city center, and some margins of the city are also considered fearful. The reasons include poor lighting, being alone, disorder, media, social network and general fear at night. The spatial distribution of the fear does not correspond to the actual violent crime spots. Further research can be done in the base map readability of the sketch map questionnaires, the effect of the accessibilities or popularities of places on the fear, as well as the regularities behind the fear of crime. (Less)
The psychometric properties of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) among Korean university students

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) is a practical self-report measure that screens for the severity of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in primary care. Previous studies have shown that the GAD-7 is theoretically sound, but the results regarding its psychometric properties have been somewhat inconsistent with both adult and student samples. Despite these findings, the psychometric properties of the GAD-7 have remained untested among Korean university students, for whom the identification of efficient measures of these constructs is especially important. To determine the psychometric properties of the GAD-7, the present study examined the internal consistency, convergent validity, and underlying factor structure of the GAD-7 with a sample of Korean university students. METHODS: The sample consisted of 582 students attending a four-year university in South Korea. All participants completed the Korean version of the GAD-7, the Depression Anxiety, and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The factor structure of the GAD-7 was assessed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and its convergent validity was determined by investigating its correlations with the DASS-21 and PHQ-9. RESULTS: CFA procedures confirmed that a modified one-factor model was an acceptable solution. The internal consistency of the scale was excellent. The GAD-7 showed a moderate to strong correlation with the three subscales of the DASS-21 and with the PHQ-9, confirming convergent validity. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that the modified GAD-7 is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing generalized anxiety symptoms in university students. Its use for research and health care practice is warranted.