Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cerebral blood ﬂow patterns underlying the di(cid:128)erential impairment in category vs letter ﬂuency in Alzheimer’s disease

Verbal ﬂuency tasks are used to assess language functioning in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and performance typically declines as the disease progresses. However, several studies have shown that Category Fluency performance (produce words from a category) declines faster than Letter Fluency performance (produce words beginning with a certain letter), which is not the case for other dementias. The purpose of this study was to determine if each of these two types of ﬂuency tasks was associated with di(cid:128)erent patterns of cerebral blood ﬂow abnormality in AD. A resting, Xenon-inhalation regional cerebral blood ﬂow measurement ( 133 Xe rCBF) and neuropsychological evaluation was administered to 25 patients with probable AD and 24 healthy elderly controls. Stepwise regression using rCBF measures as predictor variables was used to predict Category and Letter Fluency performance, in both a combined group of patients and controls, and in the patient group alone. Correlations were also computed between rCBF variables and the di(cid:128)erence between normatively corrected scores on each task for each subject, which characterized the extent of the discrepancy between them. In full sample regressions, both Category and Letter Fluency were predicted by education and the decline in left inferior parietal ﬂow, a focal AD-related deﬁcit. Additional variance in Category ﬂuency, however, was predicted by global mean ﬂow, while additional variance in Letter Fluency was predicted by frontal ﬂow. Within the patient sample, in turn, the primary predictor of Category Fluency was mean ﬂow; the primary predictor of Letter Fluency was left-sided frontal ﬂow. Analysis of the ﬂuency di(cid:128)erence score revealed that relatively greater impairment of Category Fluency was associated with more typical, AD-related deﬁcits in posterior temporal and parietal perfusion. When the two were equivalently impaired, typical AD-related deﬁcits were accompanied by marked deﬁcits in frontal perfusion. These ﬁndings are consistent with the underlying neuropsychology of these tasks, and suggest that Category Fluency’s stronger association to the most typical CBF deﬁcits of AD account for its greater sensitivity to this disease. Letter Fluency deﬁcits, on the other hand, carry signiﬁcant information about the degree to which perfusion deﬁcits have spread to frontal cortex. # 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Neuropsychologia
Flatness and finite bisimulations in discrete time

In this paper we provide an important connection be-tween two fundamental system theoretic concepts: ﬂat-ness and bisimulation. Flatness was introduced by Fliess and co-authors as a powerful generalization of Kalman’s controllability notion which has played a fundamental role in linear systems theory. On the other hand, the notion of bisimulation, credited to Milner, is one of the cornerstones of concurrency theory. In this paper we reveal an important connection between such notions by showing that every nonlinear ﬂat con-trol system in discrete-time admits ﬁnite bisimulations . The importance of such connection stems from the bridge it creates between continuous models of control systems and ﬁnite models of control and computation.
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS ON THE INFLUENCE QUANTITIES IN THE ROCKWELL C HARDNESS TEST

Hardness is a conventional quantity defined by means operational rules in procedures described in the relevant standards. As it is well known, this method gives some problems on the side of uncertainty evaluation. The intrinsic limit is the difficulty to evaluate the sensitivity coefficients of all the influence parameters involved in the measurement procedure. This subject was recently faced in the framework of the European cooperation for Accreditation of Laboratories. IMGC has carried out an experimental analysis, limited to Rockwell C scale, within which a quasi-factorial experimental plan has been used to evaluate the influence of time and velocity of all indentation phases. The results of this analysis could be useful as support for the evaluation of uncertainty, made following the recent International and European guides.
Open Innovation and Competitive Advantage on the Hospitality Sector: The Role of Organizational Strategy

: This paper assesses the relationship between open innovation and competitive advantage and the mediating effect of organizational strategy. Using a quantitative methodological approach with survey data from 251 Portuguese hotel executive directors’ small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), this research adopted a quantitative methodological approach, thereby conducting an exploratory and transversal study. Findings show that (1) open innovation inﬂuences organizational strategy and (2) organizational strategy enhances competitive advantage. Moreover, the results also highlight that (3) organizational strategy has a mediating effect between open innovation and competitive advantage. The paper provides relevant insights that will lead the ﬁrms’ top managers to design and implement strategies and deﬁne effective government policies, programs, and incentives to support the development of the ﬁrms’ open innovation model in the hospitality sector considering the new smart society and smart cities growing environment.
Suppression of Heterodera schachtii Populations by Dactylella oviparasitica in Four Soils

: The effects of Dactylella oviparasitica strain 50 applications on sugarbeet cyst nematode ( Heterodera schachtii ) population densities and plant weights were assessed in four agricultural soils. The fungus was added to methyl iodide-fumigated and nonfumigated portions of each soil. The soils were seeded with Swiss chard. Four weeks later, soils were infested with H. schachtii second-stage juveniles (J2). Approximately 1,487 degree-days after infestation, H. schachtii cyst, egg and J2 numbers and plant weights were assessed. In all four fumigated soils, D. oviparasitica reduced all H. schachtii population densities and increased most of the plant weights compared to the nonamended control soils. In two of the nonfumigated soils (10 and SC), D. oviparasitica reduced H. schachtii population densities and increased most plant weight values compared to the nonamended control soils. For the other two nonfumigated soils (44 and 48), which exhibited pre-existing levels of H. schachtii suppressiveness, fungal applications had relatively little impact on H. schachtii population densities and plant weights. The results from this study combined with those from previous investigations suggest that D. oviparasitica strain 50 could be an effective biological control agent.
Associated prime ideals of weak σ -rigid rings and their extensions

Let R be a right Noetherian ring which is also an algebra over Q ( Q the ﬁeld of rational numbers). Let σ be an automorphism of R and δ a σ -derivation of R . Let further σ be such that aσ ( a ) ∈ N ( R ) implies that a ∈ N ( R ) for a ∈ R , where N ( R ) is the set of nilpotent elements of R . In this paper we study the associated prime ideals of Ore extension R [ x ; σ, δ ] and we prove the following in this direction: Let R be a semiprime right Noetherian ring which is also an algebra over Q . Let σ and δ be as above. Then P is an associated prime ideal of R [ x ; σ, δ ] (viewed as a right module over itself) if and only if there exists an associated prime ideal U of R with σ ( U ) = U and δ ( U ) ⊆ U and P = U [ x ; σ, δ ] . We also prove that if R be a right Noetherian ring which is also an algebra over Q , σ and δ as usual such that σ ( δ ( a )) = δ ( σ ( a )) for all a ∈ R and σ ( U ) = U for all associated prime ideals U of R (viewed as a right module over itself), then P is an associated prime ideal of R [ x ; σ, δ ] (viewed as a right module over itself) if and only if there exists an associated prime ideal U of R such that ( P ∩ R )[ x ; σ, δ ] = P and P ∩ R = U .
On Artin's Conjecture for Primitive Roots

Various generalizations of the Artin’s Conjecture for primitive roots are considered. It is proven that for at least half of the primes p, the first log p primes generate a primitive root. A uniform version of the Chebotarev Density Theorem for the field Q(ζl, 2 ) valid for the range l < log x is proven. A uniform asymptotic formula for the number of primes up to x for which there exists a primitive root less than s is established. Lower bounds for the exponent of the class group of imaginary quadratic fields valid for density one sets of discriminants are determined. RESUME Nous considerons differentes generalisations de la conjecture d’Artin pour les racines primitives. Nous demontrons que pour au moins la moitie des nombres premiers p, les premiers log p nombres premiers engendrent une racine primitive. Nous demontrons une version uniforme du Theoreme de Densite de Chebotarev pour le corps Q(ζl, 2 ) pour l’intervalle l < log x. On etablit une formule asymptotique uniforme pour les nombres de premiers plus petits que x tels qu’ il existe une racine primitive plus petite que s. Nous determinons des minorants pour l’exposant du groupe de classe des corps quadratiques imaginaires valides pour ensembles de discriminants de densite 1.
Chronic kidney disease biomarkers, cognitive impairment and incident dementia in an older healthy cohort

* Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease is a risk factor for cognitive impairment (CI),but reports of individual associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria with CI and incident dementia in healthier older longitudinal populations are lacking. Our goal was to estimate these associations in a large cohort of older healthy persons. Methods: In a longitudinal cohort study of older persons without prior cardiovascular disease, we estimated the associations between baseline eGFR (in mL/min per 1.73 m2) and albuminuria, measured as urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR, in mg/mmol) and cognitive test scores, declines in cognitive test scores and incident dementia, using adjusted linear and linear mixed models. Cox proportional hazards regression models assessed the association between baseline kidney function and incident CI no dementia (CIND) or dementia at a median of 4.7 years. Results: At baseline, among 18,131 participants, median age was 74 years, eGFR 74 (IQR 63, 84), UACR 0.8 (IQR 0.5, 1.5; (7.1 (4.4- 13.3 mg/g and 56% Baseline eGFR associated on any cognitive tests in cross-sectional analysis, nor incident CIND or dementia over median follow-up of 4.7 years. baseline 3 than or 26.6 mg/g) was significantly associated with lower baseline larger on the Modified Mini Mental State Exam, verbal memory and processing speed tests, and with incident CIND 1.19; 95% CI,1.07 - 1.33)] and dementia (HR 1.32;1.06 1.66). Conclusion: Mild albuminuria was associated with worse baseline cognitive function, cognitive decline, and increased risk for incident CIND and dementia. Screening global cognitive tests UACR {greater or to} 3 mg/mmol could identify those at elevated risk of cognitive decline and Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease is a risk factor for cognitive impairment (CI),but reports of individual associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria with CI and incident dementia in healthier older longitudinal populations are lacking. Our goal was to estimate these associations in a large cohort of older healthy persons. Methods In a longitudinal cohort study of older persons without prior cardiovascular disease, we estimated the associations between baseline eGFR (in mL/min per 1.73 m 2 ) and albuminuria, measured as urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR, in mg/mmol) and cognitive test scores, declines in cognitive test scores and incident dementia, using adjusted linear and linear mixed models. Cox proportional hazards regression models assessed the association between baseline kidney function and incident CI no dementia (CIND) or dementia at a median of 4.7 years.
BIROn - Birkbeck Institutional Research Online of in second language oral ability development in language classrooms: a longitudinal study.

The current project longitudinally investigated the extent to which first-year Japanese university students developed their second language (L2) oral ability in relation to increased input in foreign language classrooms. Their spontaneous speech was elicited at the beginning, middle and end of one academic year, and then judged by linguistically trained coders for pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary and grammar qualities. According to the statistical analyses, the total amount of input (operationalized as number of English classes taken and L2 use outside of classrooms) was significantly related to the participants’ quick and immediate development of fluency and lexicogrammar during the first semester. Their pronunciation development was mixed, either subject to continuous change over two academic semesters (for prosody) or limited within the timeframe of the study (for segmentals). Similar to naturalistic L2 speech learning, the findings support the multifaceted role of input in different areas of oral proficiency development in foreign language classrooms. Abstract The current project longitudinally investigated the extent to which first-year Japanese university students developed their second language (L2) oral ability in relation to increased input in foreign language classrooms. Their spontaneous speech was elicited at the beginning, middle and end of one academic year, and then judged by linguistically trained coders for pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary and grammar qualities. According to the statistical analyses, the total amount of input (operationalized as number of English classes taken and L2 use outside of classrooms) was significantly related to the participants’ quick and immediate development of fluency and lexicogrammar during the first semester. Their pronunciation development was mixed, either subject to continuous change over two academic semesters (for prosody) or limited within the timeframe of the study (for segmentals). Similar to naturalistic L2 speech learning, the findings support the multifaceted role of input in different areas of oral proficiency development in foreign language classrooms.
Baltic of and Physical The Effects of Whey Protein Supplementation on Performance The Effects of Whey Protein Supplementation on Performance and Hormonal Adaptations Following Resistance Training in and Hormonal Adaptations Following Resistance Training in Novice Men Novice Men

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of whey protein supplementation on performance and hormonal changes during an 8-week resistance training program in novice weight trained men. Material/Methods: Forty recreational weight trained men were randomly divided into a whey protein supplementation (WP) group (n=20), and a placebo (PL) group (n=20). Each group was given either whey protein or a placebo in a double-blind manner to be taken orally for eight weeks (1.8g/kg/day). WP and PL groups performed the same weight training program 3 days, each week for 8 weeks. The training consisted of 3 sets of 8 repetitions, and the initial weight was 80% of the pre-1RM. Subjects were tested for performance and blood hormone concentrations before and after the 8-week period. Results: The WP group achieved greater increases in body weight, explosive muscular power, muscle strength and blood testosterone when compared to the PL group; however, cortisol concentrations were significantly more reduced in WP group when compared to the PL group. Conclusions: It can, therefore, be concluded that within 8 weeks whey protein supplementation was found to increase explosive muscular power, body weight and muscle strength. Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of whey protein supplementation on performance and hormonal changes during an 8-week resistance training program in novice weight trained men. Material/Methods: Forty recreational weight trained men were randomly divided into a whey protein supplementation (WP) group (n=20), and a placebo (PL) group (n=20). Each group was given either whey protein or a placebo in a double-blind manner to be taken orally for eight weeks (1.8g/kg/day). WP and PL groups performed the same weight training program 3 days, each week for 8 weeks. The training consisted of 3 sets of 8 repetitions, and the initial weight was 80% of the pre-1RM. Subjects were tested for performance and blood hormone concentrations before and after the 8-week period. Results: The WP group achieved greater increases in body weight, explosive muscular power, muscle strength and blood testosterone when compared to the PL group; however, cortisol concentrations were significantly more reduced in WP group when compared to the PL group. Conclusions: It can, therefore, be concluded protein supplementation was found to increase explosive muscular power, body weight and muscle strength.
Efﬁcient Distribution of Location Information and Locating Radio Devices for Dynamic Spectrum Allocation Systems

—In the recent years, we have seen a clear trend in consumer devices being equipped with multiple radio interfaces such as GSM, UMTS, WiFi. These types of devices will soon be ubiquitous. Since radio frequency is a limited resource, the need for sharing and re-using a radio spectrum will be even more noticeable than before. Studies show that collaboration when allocating a radio spectrum will result in better network performance. This paper proposes a solution that identiﬁes radio devices in a speciﬁc area. Starting from the identiﬁcation of the location of possible interfering devices, better decisions can be made, prior and under spectrum allocation through cooperation. Our solution provides the location information in an overlay network without need for additional exchange of information messages. By storing the geographic location directly in the node-id, all members of the overlay network can extract the exact location of all known nodes. Using geocast, we show that the information provided can be used to optimize existing geocast mechanisms to identify devices. The result is an overlay-based enhanced spectrum allocation system, ObeSA.
MODEL OF BLENDING VIRTUAL AND TRADITIONAL CLASSROOMS IN SCHOOLS (FROM PRESCHOOL TO HIGH SCHOOL)

: We live in times of rapid development of information technologies. In recent months, the unexpected COVID-19 crisis has indisputably demonstrated the importance of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education. However, not only can technologies enable the continuation of learning when students are not together in a physical classroom, but they can also benefit learning, participation, creativity and communication when used in the traditional classroom. This paper will focus on the definition of blended learning and will present some recent findings that reveal why blended learning can be beneficial in the traditional classroom. The implementation of a blended learning model combining elements from traditional and virtual classrooms will be described and discussed. The model is applicable in all stages of school education – from preschool all the way through high school. It combines face-to-face, in-person communication and collaboration in the traditional classroom with remote video-conference live communication and interactive content. Usually, during traditional classes, the students interact from their physical classroom environment with a remote guest teacher online through a virtual classroom. They use videoconferencing to interact directly with the virtual teacher. Thus, they can ask and answer questions, participate in quizzes, etc. Moreover, the virtual teacher uses online tools to visualize and demonstrate learning content, which supports the perception and assimilation of new information. The entire interaction is facilitated by the students‘ main teacher on-site and usually continues with offline practical tasks or educational games to enhance and consolidate new knowledge and skills. In the winter of 2018, 87 preschool-and schoolteachers from Europe and Asia were trained to apply this model in their classrooms. They were also involved as participants in similar interactions with a remote guest lecturer in the virtual classroom and a lecturer on-site. Afterwards, they completed a survey to share their opinions about the application, its benefits and the resources needed to implement the blended learning model. The results showed that the respondents find a great variety of options for application of the blended model in any subject area. They see its potential to support real-life learning, to increase student motivation and engagement, and to improve the students‘ communication skills not only in their native language but also in other languages. What respondents think they need most is equipment, connectivity and teacher training. The teachers acknowledge the importance of blended learning as they see school as one of the places where children should have opportunities to acquire skills on how to use technologies as well as how to avoid online risks.
the predictors perceived

Purpose: This study examined the factors that predict employees’ perceptions of procedural justice in university settings. The paper also reviews the ethical aspects of justice and psychological contracts within employment relationships. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study examined the predictors of perceived procedural justice in a two-wave longitudinal sample of 945 employees from 13 universities by applying the Job Demands-Resources theoretical model of stress. The proposed predictors were classiﬁed into two categories: Job demands of work pressure and work-home conﬂict; and job resources of job security, autonomy, trust in senior management, and trust in supervisor. The predictor model also examined job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment, demographic (age, gender, tenure, role) and Originality/value: This study adds to research on applied business ethics as it focuses on the ethical aspects of perceived procedural justice and highlights the importance of workplace factors in enhancing fair procedures in organizational policy to encourage reciprocity and promote healthy organizational environments.