Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How to counter organisational inertia to enable knowledge management practices adoption in public sector organisations

Purpose Knowledge management (KM) is associated with higher performance and innovative culture; KM can help the public sector to be fiscally lean and meet diverse stakeholders’ needs. However, hierarchical structures, bureaucratic culture and rigid processes inhibit KM adoption and generate inertia. This study aims to explore the nature and causes of this inertia within the context of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) public sector. Design/methodology/approach Using an in-depth case study of a UAE public sector organisation, this study explores how organisational inertia can be countered to enable KM adoption. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with 17 top- and middle-level managers from operational, management and strategic levels. Interview data is triangulated with content analysis from multiple sources, including the UAE Government and case organisation documents. Findings The results show transformation leadership, external factors and organisational culture mediate the negative effect of inertia on KM practices adoption. We find that information technology plays a key role in enabling knowledge creation, access, adoption and sharing. Furthermore, we uncover a virtuous cycle between organisational culture and KM practices adoption in the public sector. In addition, we develop a new model (the relationship between KM practices, organisational inertia, organisational culture, transformational leadership traits and external factors) and four propositions for empirical testing by future researchers. We also present a cross-case comparison of our results with six private/quasi-private sector cases who have implemented KM practices. Research limitations/implications Qualitative data is collected from a single case study. Originality/value Inertia in a public section is a result of bureaucracy and authority bounded by the rules and regulations. Adopting a qualitative methodology and case study method, the research explores the phenomena of how inertia impacts KM adoption in public sector environments. Our findings reveal the underlying mechanisms of how internal and external organisational factors impact inertia. Internally, supportive organisational culture and transformational leadership traits positively effect KM adoption, which, in turn, has a positive effect on organisational culture to counter organisational inertia. Externally, a progressive national culture, strategy and policy can support a knowledge-based organisation that embraces change. This study develops a new model (interactions between internal and external factors impacting KM practices in the public sector), four propositions and a new two-stage process model for KM adoption in the public sector. We present a case-comparison of how the constructs interact in a public sector as compared to six private/quasi-private sector cases from the literature.
Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormones in Patients with Asthenozoospermia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: Animal models and observational studies have suggested a favorable role of vitamin D in male reproduction. However, randomized clinical trials investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on male fertility are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on semen quality, reproductive hormones, and anthropometric measurements in vitamin D deficient males with Asthenozoospermia. Methods: Forty-four males with infertility were randomly assigned to the vitamin D group (DG, supplemented with 9 pearls of vitamin D containing 50000 IU vitamin D3 once a week for 12 weeks) and placebo group (PG, received 9 pearls of placebo once a week for 12 weeks). Semen quality markers (sperm count, morphology, sperm motility, semen volume), total testosterone, sexual hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), and anthropometric measurements (weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were measured at the baseline and the end of the study. Results: Serum 25-OH-D levels were significantly higher in the DG compared with the PG. In a multivariate adjusted model, WC significantly decreased in the DG in comparison to the CG (-0.90 ± 0.67 cm VS 0.49 ± 0.38 cm). A marginally-significant increase was observed after vitamin D supplementation for SHBG compared to the baseline value in DG (11.69 ± 5.79, P = 0.05). Compared to the baseline value, sperm immotile was decreased after vitamin D supplementation in the DG (-12.35 ± 5.13, P = 0.02). However, no statistical significant differences were observed in the semen quality markers (sperm count, morphology, motility, and volume), total testosterone, free androgen index, and other anthropometric values. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation did not improve semen quality markers, reproductive hormones, and other anthropometric measurements in vitamin D–deficient infertile men compared to the control group.
Differential Thermal Analysis of Deacclimating Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Buds as Affected by Evaporative Cooling

The major production risk to grapes on the Texas High Plains is freeze injury prior to, as opposed to after, budbreak. Due to mild temperatures in mid-winter, buds begin to deacclimate early and are vulnerable to freezes in late March, weeks before budbreak for Cabernet Sauvignon, and at the onset of budbreak for Chardonnay. A delay in deacclimation by reducing bud heat summations during late winter could enhance the probability of a successful crop. Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines were evaporatively cooled by intermittent microjet sprinkling (25 sec on every 4 min) from January to April any time air temperatures exceeded either 10°C or 15°C. Effects of cooling on bud cold hardiness prior to budbreak, time of budbreak, shoot development, yield, and juice composition were compared to non-cooled vines. Excised buds were subjected to differential thermal analysis (DTA) weekly from January through March during the deacclimation period. In DTA, low temperature exotherm (LTE) peaks from cooled buds occurred at 3°C to 5°C lower temperatures (more hardy) than from check buds in the weeks preceding budbreak. There were no differences in bud LTE freezing points between the 10°C and 15°C vine cooling treatments. A freeze (-3.5°C) on day of year (DOY) 83, killed emerging primary buds on non-cooled Chardonnay as evidenced from physical examination soon after the freeze. This resulted in fewer buds breaking, fewer shoots and clusters, and a tendency toward lower yields than for cooled vines. Although the freeze occurred 15 days before budbreak for Cabernet Sauvignon, non-cooled vines were injured as evidenced by fewer buds breaking, fewer shoots, and clusters and lower yields. DTA indicated that the cooled buds would survive lower temperatures than the check buds as was also demonstrated in the vineyard. Cumulative bud heat summation (degree days, base 10°C) was reduced by 49% and budbreak delayed by seven to eight days by the 10°C cooling treatment. Evaporative cooling had no effects on fruit quality.
Stable isotopes of water reveal differences in plant – soil water relationships across northern environments

We compared stable isotopes of water in plant stem (xylem) water and soil collected over a complete growing season from five well‐known long‐term study sites in northern/cold regions. These spanned a decreasing temperature gradient from Bruntland Burn (Scotland), Dorset (Canadian Shield), Dry Creek (USA), Krycklan (Sweden), to Wolf Creek (northern Canada). Xylem water was isotopically depleted compared to soil waters, most notably for deuterium. The degree to which potential soil water sources could explain the isotopic composition of xylem water was assessed quantitatively using overlapping polygons to enclose respective data sets when plotted in dual isotope space. At most sites isotopes in xylem water from angiosperms showed a strong overlap with soil water; this was not the case for gymnosperms. In most cases, xylem water composition on a given sampling day could be better explained if soil water composition was considered over longer antecedent periods spanning many months. Xylem water at most sites was usually most dissimilar to soil water in drier summer months, although sites differed in the sequence of change. Open questions remain on why a significant proportion of isotopically depleted water in plant xylem cannot be explained by soil water sources, particularly for gymnosperms. It is recommended that future research focuses on the potential for fractionation to affect water uptake at the soil‐root interface, both through effects of exchange between the vapour and liquid phases of soil water and the effects of mycorrhizal interactions. Additionally, in cold regions, evaporation and diffusion of xylem water in winter may be an important process.
Evaluation of the omission of nutrients in the mineral development and composition of young cupuaçuzeiro plants (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum.) progeny 61

Include the abstract in English. (TNR font 10 – simple space) The objectives of the study were to evaluate the fertility of the Yellow Latosol medium texture in plants of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) progeny 61 and to characterize the visual symptoms of macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies. The plants were grown in nutrient solution containing all macronutrients and micronutrients and in solutions with omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, and Zn, using the missing element technique. The experimental design was completely randomized with eleven treatments and five replications. Growth was evaluated through production and dry matter at 60 days after planting. The progeny showed market potential, as it is more productive than the others, but it presents nutritional requirements similar to those of the cultivars already studied. The nutrient required in greater quantities by the culture was nitrogen, but the omission, but limiting, was that of potassium for biometric variables. The best treatment was complete followed by omission of zinc, but the difference between them was significant. The levels of nutrients in the leaves were similar to those found by other authors in other cultivars. The decreasing order of treatments was C> Zn> T> N> P> Ca> Mg> S> B> K.
Fixed-Time Adaptive Fuzzy Control for Uncertain Nonstrict-Feedback Systems With Time-Varying Constraints and Input Saturations

This article investigates the adaptive fuzzy tracking control design for uncertain nonstrict-feedback nonlinear systems with time-varying constraints and asymmetric input saturations. It is known that time-varying output constraint, time-varying error constraints, and input saturations are commonly seen issues in many practical engineering systems due to inherent physical limitations and performance requirements. To deal with these problems and improve the convergence rate of the control system, a novel fixed-time convergent adaptive fuzzy control scheme is proposed for the considered uncertain nonlinear systems via the time-varying barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) technique. First, to deal with the unknown nonlinearities and uncertainties in the system dynamic model, fuzzy logic systems are utilized to approximate the unknown functions of the considered model. Then, the problem of asymmetric input amplitude and rate saturations is handled by constructing a unified smooth characterizing function and an innovative auxiliary design signal system. Subsequently, considering physical limitations and performance requirements, a novel time-varying BLF-based adaptive fuzzy backstepping control scheme is designed for the uncertain nonstrict-feedback nonlinear systems to realize superior tracking performances and keep the states staying in predefined time-varying compact regions during operations. Further, rigorous theoretical analyses have been conducted to show that the proposed control scheme achieves fixed-time convergence of all signals in the closed-loop control system. Finally, representative simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
A silver lining to REDD: Institutional growth despite programmatic failure

What happens when conservation interventions ostensibly fail? We outline a REDD+ intervention on Zanzibar, Tanzania which is adapting to a failure to implement carbon compensation payments and to the increased global price of cloves. Using a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods we provide preliminary evidence that well‐managed shehia (wards) with registered Community Forestry Management Agreements (CoFMAs) are slowing their rates of deforestation. We also find an increase in the number of shehia with CoFMAs despite the absence of carbon payments. Using this island‐wide case study we make inferences about the mechanisms whereby institutional expansion has occurred in ways consistent with cultural evolutionary dynamics of institutional change. We draw lessons for planning and practice that may help with the design of future conservation interventions and with bolstering the morale and effectiveness of disappointed partners.
Restoration thinning permits stems to capitalize on high‐rainfall years in a regenerating endangered forest ecosystem

1. Passively regenerating native vegetation presents a cost‐effective opportunity to sequester carbon and reinstate habitat in heavily cleared agricultural landscapes.2. However, in some cases a few woody species recolonize in dense, low‐diversity stands that are slow to self‐thin.3. Restoration thinning of over‐dominant species has been proposed to accelerate ecosystem recovery, but its longer term efficacy remains uncertain, and is likely to depend strongly on rainfall.4. This study focuses on a restoration thinning experiment established in 2007 in dense brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) regrowth in Queensland, Australia. Using variation in rainfall between 2007 and 2017, we examined the interactive effects of neighbourhood density and moisture availability on the growth and survival of A. harpophylla.5. We also compared the strength of A. harpophylla density effects on itself to its effects on a sparsely distributed co‐occurring tree species (Casuarina cristata) that was codominant in the original forest.6. Our results provide clear evidence that thinning permits A. harpophylla to grow rapidly during periods of high rainfall, and that interspecific competition betweenA. harpophylla and C. cristata is relatively weak. As such, thinning of dense A. harpophylla could be combined with seeding or planting of co‐occurring tree species with complementary niches to further accelerate forest recovery in this extensive regrowth ecosystem.
Intraindividueller Vergleich der Magenperistaltik nach Gabe von semiliquiden und festen Testmahlzeiten

Zusammenfassung Ziel: An einem heterogenen Kollektiv von Patienten mit gastrointestina-len Beschwerden wurde der Einfluß von Testspeisen unterschiedlicher Konsistenz auf Peristaltik und Entleerungsrate des Magens untersucht. Methodik: Bei 12 Patienten wurde nach Gabe von radioaktiv markierter semiliquider sowie fester Testspeise eine konventionelle Magenfunktionsszintigraphie durchgeführt. Zusätzlich zu der Standardauswertung mit Zeit-Aktivitätskurven wurden für zwei festgelegte Zeitintervalle (Früh- und Spätphase) kondensierte Bildsequenzen erstellt, auf deren Grundlage mittels Fourier-Analyse Amplitude und Frequenz der Magenkontraktionen ermittelt wurden. Ergebnisse: Erwartungsgemäß wurde die Magenentleerung von der Konsistenz der Testspeise beeinflußt. Feste Speisen wurden langsamer entleert als die semiliquide Mahlzeit (p <0,01). Dagegen hingen Amplitude und Frequenz der Magenkontraktionen nicht von der Konsistenz der verabreichten Testspeise ab. Mit fortschreitender Untersuchungsdauer/Magenentleerung fand sich sowohl bei Studien mit semiliquider als auch fester Testspeise ein signifikanter Anstieg der Kontraktionsamplituden (p <0,05). Die Kontraktionsfrequenz zeigte keine zeitliche Abhängigkeit. Schlußfolgerung: An intraindividuell erhobenen Vergleichsdaten ließ sich belegen, daß, im Gegensatz zur Entleerungsrate, Amplitude und Frequenz der Magenkontraktionen nicht von der Konsistenz einer verabreichten Testspeise abhängen. Aufgrund der deutlich kürzeren Untersuchungszeit und einfacheren Zubereitung sind semiliquide Testspeisen in der Routinediagnostik zu bevorzugen. Änderungen der Kontraktionsamplitude im zeitlichen Verlauf legen eine standardisierte Vorgehensweise bei der Datenaufzeichnung nahe.
Magmatic Processes in the East African Rift System: Insights From a 2015–2020 Sentinel‐1 InSAR Survey

The East African Rift System (EARS) is composed of around 78 Holocene volcanoes, but relatively little is known about their past and present activity. This lack of information makes it difficult to understand their eruptive cycles, their roles in continental rifting and the threat they pose to the population. Although previous InSAR surveys (1990–2010) showed sign of unrest, the information about the dynamics of the magmatic systems remained limited by low temporal resolution and gaps in the data set. The Sentinel‐1 SAR mission provides open‐access acquisitions every 12 days in Africa and has the potential to produce long‐duration time series for studying volcanic ground deformation at regional scale. Here, we use Sentinel‐1 data to provide InSAR time series along the EARS for the period 2015–2020. We detect 18 ground deformation signals on 14 volcanoes, of which six are located in Afar, six in the Main Ethiopian Rift, and two in the Kenya‐Tanzanian Rift. We detected new episodes of uplift at Tullu Moje (2016) and Suswa (mid‐2018), and enigmatic long‐lived subsidence signals at Gada Ale and Kone. Subsidence signals are related to a variety of mechanisms including the posteruptive evolution of magma reservoirs (e.g., Alu‐Dallafila), the compaction of lava flows (e.g., Nabro), and pore‐pressure changes related to geothermal or hydrothermal activity (e.g., Olkaria). Our results show that ∼20% of the Holocene volcanoes in the EARS deformed during this 5‐years snapshot and demonstrate the diversity of processes occurring.
Antecedents and Outcomes of a Culturally Diverse Workforce in Hotels

The topic of cultural diversity in hospitality firms has been somewhat neglected in the abundant research on cultural diversity in organizations. To overcome the gap, the purpose of the research was to examine the antecedents and outcomes of employing a culturally diverse workforce in hotels. Results from semistructured interviews showed there are four antecedents for the increase in cultural diversity and outcomes reflect significantly more benefits than challenges. Our findings suggest the benefits of cultural diversity come from the informational advantages, supporting the processing perspective. The challenges of diversity are rooted in the social categorization and in-group-out-group dynamics, lending support to the social identity theory. This study advances diversity literature based on research evidence of the various antecedents and outcomes in employing a culturally diverse workforce. Implications for diversity management are offered so the benefits may be sustained, and the challenges may be minimized in hospitality firms.
Crisis Management of Corporate Reputation- Analysis of selected E-Commerce Entities in Times of Global Pandemics

The main aim of the paper is to present selected results of a comprehensive analysis of crisis management of corporate reputation of the best e-commerce entities operating on the Slovak internet market. On the sample of selected winners of the Heureka Group Shop of the year 2019 Quality Award poll, we conducted an in-depth analysis of their online reputation at the peak time of an ongoing pandemic. As part of the analysis, we examined the online environment from the perspective of all relevant determinants of reputation, the results were then clearly interpreted and offer a comprehensive view of crisis management of reputation in the online environment. The findings can serve as a basis for further research, or as a benchmark in the event of a recurrence of crises of a similar nature and magnitude in the future in order to eliminate shortcomings and maximize the effectiveness of marketing communication in brand building and brand protection.
Prevalence and Profile of Device Associated Infection in Precisely Tribal Sickle Cell Disease children above 10 years of Age Admitted to ICU of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Tribal Area

Background:Sickle cell disease (SCD) children are more susceptible to bacterial infection due tomultifactorial causewith poorimmunization status in tribal area.Device associated infections (DAIs) , due toextensive use of invasive devices in intensive care units , further increases morbidity and mortality in thesepatients . In the present study ,our aim is to define , the total burden and profile of DAI as presentation ,spectrum of bacterial isolate and susceptibility in SCD children, in specific to, ICU of a tertiary care Hospital inTribal area. Methodology:This prospective study was conducted overDevice Associated infections (DAIs)in Sickle cell disease (SCD) tribal children, having an inserted indwelling device, in the ICU of atertiary carehospital.Demographic ,clinical and date of device insertion data were recorded . Depending on the typeof specimen, samples were cultured and analyzed . Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed ondifferent isolates. Result: Out of 31 exposed SCD children to indwelling devices,the confirmed DAI caseswere, 1 central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), 1 ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP),and 3 catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI ). The overall DAI rate was 16.1% with 29.7 per1000 device days . The Organism causing infection were Gram-negative in 3(60% ) cases , Gram-positivein 2 (40% ), and as mixed infection with fungal organisms in 2( 40%) cases. Most isolates were susceptibleto Co-Trimoxazole , Ceftriaxone and Gentamycin . CONS and Klebsiella were showing multidrugresistantto more antibiotics tested.Conclusion:Since,In view of high DAIrate in Sickle cell Disease Tribal childrenin the ICU of tribal area,the preventive strategies should be plannednot only to improve immunity but alsoreduce morbidity ,mortality , to ensure a good quality health care in them.