Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluation of Ankle Impingement Syndrome

Background: Ankle impingement is the painful mechanical restriction of complete ankle range of motion caused by an osseous or soft-tissue deformity. Ankle impingement syndromes are prevalent and significant post-traumatic sources of morbidity in professional and amateur sports. The aim of this research is to evaluate the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in diagnosis of ankle impingement syndromes. Methods: This prospective study was performed on 40 consecutive patients aged from 20 to 55 years old, with clinical diagnosis of ankle impingement, 21 (52.5%) of them were males and 19 (47.5%) were females. All patients were subjected to full history taking [personal history, history of present illness (onset, course and duration; pain, swelling, limitation of movement, and other symptoms)], clinical Examination was carried out by the colleagues in the Orthopaedic department and MRI examination where all patients were examined with closed superconductive 1.5 T magnet (GE SIGNA Explorer), using the extremity coils. Results: 26 out of the 28 cases with clinically suspected posterior impingement were correctly diagnosed by MRI (sensitivity of 92.86%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 92.86%) and other two cases showed synovial effusion. 3 out of the 4 cases with clinically suspected anterolateral impingement were correctly diagnosed by MRI (sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 75%) and other case showed sinus tarsi. All the 4 cases with clinically suspected anterior, anterolateral impingement were correctly diagnosed by MRI (sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 100%). Totally, MRI sensitivity in diagnosis impingement was 92.5%, specificity was 100% and accuracy was 92.5%). Conclusions: MRI exhibits excellent overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the diagnosis of ankle impingement. MRI displays rather definite anatomic and pathologic details, with outstanding outlining of both bony and soft tissue structures. Moreover, it assists in the exclusion of other mimic similar conditions.
Day Case Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery – A Study of Early Treatment Outcomes in a Regional Orthopaedic Centre

Background: Day-case anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has the potential benefit of reduced hospital stay and reduced cost of care. The goal of this preliminary report was to compare the outcome of day-case arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with those of in-patient care in terms of pain control and short-term functional outcome. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective comparative study involving patients who had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction performed in our unit between January 2019 to July 2021 for isolated anterior cruciate ligament rupture. The patients were offered the option of in-patient and day-case anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. All cases were isolated anterior cruciate ligament ruptures with no other ligament injury. Results: A total of twenty-one-day case and twenty-five in-patient anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were managed during the period of the study. The median numeric pain scores at day 2 and 7 in the day case group was 8.0 (IQR=2.0) and 5.0 (IQR= 3.0) respectively and in-patient group was 7.0 (IQR =1.5) and 4.0 (IQR= 2.0) respectively. The international knee documentation score (IKDC) at 6 months in the day case and in-patient groups were 68.6 (IQR= 9.3) and 67.2 (IQR= 25.0) respectively. The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that patients who had ACL reconstruction on in-patient care basis had statistically significant lower visual analogue scale pain scores on the second (z=-2.58, P = 0.01) and seventh (z=-3.41 P = 0.001) post-operative days compared to patients who had ACL reconstruction on day case basis. There was no statistically significant difference in the median IKDC scores of both groups at 6 months. The cost of care in the day case group was 40% lower than those of the in-patient group. Conclusion: Although the cost of care in the day case group appeared lower as compared to the in-patient group, the day case group had higher post-operative pain scores compared to the in-patient group. Although the post-operative functional scores were similar in both groups, this was not statistically significant
The Effect of Embedding Phonological Awareness Training on Adult EFL Learners’ Phonological Awareness Skill

Phonological awareness relates closely to listening and speaking skills. It also has an important role in learning to read in an alphabetic writing system. In the context of learning a new language, it is essential to figure out an appropriate strategy in accelerating the phonological awareness skill. The present study aims at investigating the effect of embedding phonological awareness training in adult English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ phonological awareness skill. It involved 63 EFL students who were divided into two groups: Experimental and control. The data were taken by using a phonological awareness test and analyzed by using independent samples t-test. The overall comparison showed that the experimental group who received an embedded phonological awareness training for 4.5 hours (45 minutes of six meetings) surpassed the control group who joined a regular vocabulary class without phonological awareness training (p = .017). Thus, phonological awareness training effectively accelerates adult EFL learners’ phonological awareness skills.
Management of pancreatic trauma-a single center experience

Background: Traumatic injury to the pancreas is rare and frequently overlooked. High index of suspicion is required in diagnosing pancreatic injury and management is challenging even with experienced trauma surgeons. The aim of this study was to report our experience in the management of pancreatic injuries.Methods: We analyzed 39 patients with pancreatic injury managed in our center from January 2016- December 2021. Data regarding patients’ demographics, mode of injury, American association for the surgery of trauma-organ injury scale (AAST-OIS) grade of pancreatic injury, associated injuries, management, morbidity and mortality were collected for analysis.Results: The study included 39 patients who presented with blunt injury abdomen (AAST-OIS grading: grade 2 (n=6), grade 3 (n=29), grade 4 (n=4)) with mean age 28.9 years. Associated injuries were present in 41% of patients (n=16). Thirteen patients had non-operative management-5 of them were managed conservatively without any intervention; 8 of them had non-surgical intervention in the form of Percutaneous Drainage or Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography with Pancreatic duct stent for peri-pancreatic collection or ductal injury. But the rate of readmission for recurrent pancreatitis and reintervention for peri-pancreatic collection was 46% and 38% respectively in these patients. Twenty-six patients underwent surgery-distal pancreato splenectomy, laparotomy and external drainage, Roux-en Y pancreaticojejunostomy.Conclusions: Management of high-grade pancreatic injuries needs technical expertise. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical management in high-grade pancreatic injuries carries favorable outcomes. Delayed presentation with sepsis is associated with high mortality.
Simple models for dynamic hysteresis loop calculations of magnetic single-domain nanoparticles: Application to magnetic hyperthermia optimization

To optimize the heating properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in magnetic hyperthermia applications, it is necessary to calculate the area of their hysteresis loops in an alternating magnetic field. The separation between “relaxation losses” and “hysteresis losses” presented in several articles is artificial and criticized here. The three types of theories suitable for describing hysteresis loops of MNPs are presented and compared to numerical simulations: equilibrium functions, Stoner–Wohlfarth model based theories (SWMBTs), and a linear response theory (LRT) using the Neel–Brown relaxation time. The configuration where the easy axis of the MNPs is aligned with respect to the magnetic field and the configuration of a random orientation of the easy axis are both studied. Suitable formulas to calculate the hysteresis areas of major cycles are deduced from SWMBTs and from numerical simulations; the domain of validity of the analytical formula is explicitly studied. In the case of minor cycles, the hysteresis area calculations are based on the LRT. A perfect agreement between the LRT and numerical simulations of hysteresis loops is obtained. The domain of validity of the LRT is explicitly studied. Formulas are proposed to calculate the hysteresis area at low field that are valid for any anisotropy of the MNP. The magnetic field dependence of the area is studied using numerical simulations: it follows power laws with a large range of exponents. Then analytical expressions derived from the LRT and SWMBTs are used in their domains of validity for a theoretical study of magnetic hyperthermia. It is shown that LRT is only pertinent for MNPs with strong anisotropy and that SWMBTs should be used for weakly anisotropic MNPs. The optimum volume of MNPs for magnetic hyperthermia is derived as a function of material and experimental parameters. Formulas are proposed to allow to the calculation of the optimum volume for any anisotropy. The maximum achievable specific absorption rate (SAR) is calculated as a function of the MNP anisotropy. It is shown that an optimum anisotropy increases the SAR and reduces the detrimental effects of the size distribution of the MNPs. The optimum anisotropy is simple to calculate; it depends only on the magnetic field used in the hyperthermia experiments and the MNP magnetization. The theoretical optimum parameters are compared to those of several magnetic materials. A brief review of experimental results as well as a method to analyze them is proposed. This study helps in the determination of suitable and unsuitable materials for magnetic hyperthermia and provides accurate formulas to analyze experimental data. It is also aimed at providing a better understanding of magnetic hyperthermia to researchers working on this subject.
Drivers of Organizational Change within the AEC Industry: Linking Change Management Practices with Successful Change Adoption

In today’s rapidly evolving market, effective organizational change adoption has become a core competency of architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) firms in order to maintain their competitive advantage. Firms that more effectively manage organizational change adoption can position themselves as early adopters and are able to expend less resources in making the transition. The objective of this study was to collect a global sample of organizational change initiatives across the AEC industry in order to identify whether specific change management practices have a direct relationship with successful change adoption. Based on a data sample of 237 organization-level change initiatives, the results of this study establish that there are definitive – and learnable – change management practices that AEC firms can implement to increase the success of their change initiatives. The global data sample within this study is a meaningful contribution to the AEC literature, which is primarily consists of case-based studies that are limited to a single type of organizational change event. Further, this study contributes practical action steps for industry professionals to more effectively manage the adoption of new technologies, management strategies, and business practices within their organizations
Normal Approximation To The Binomial Distribution

We have already seen that the Poisson distribution can be used to approximate the binomial distribution for large values of n and small values of p provided that the correct conditions exist. The approximation is only of practical use if just a few terms of the Poisson distribution need be calculated. In cases where many sometimes several hundred terms need to be calculated the arithmetic involved becomes very tedious indeed and we turn to the normal distribution for help. It is possible, of course, to use high-speed computers to do the arithmetic but the normal approximation to the binomial distribution negates this in a fairly elegant way. In the problem situations following this introduction the normal distribution is used to avoid very tedious arithmetic while at the same time giving a very good approximate solution.
Externalities in the rent-seeking strategies of lobbying and bribery

Studies investigating the relationship between lobbying and bribery are limited and contradictory. Some studies regard lobbying and bribery as substitutes while others consider them complementary strategies. Using congestion games this study attempts to clarify the externalities present in these rent-seeking strategies which generate complementarities between them. Lobbying cost-sharing and cooperation through business associations and congestion in benefits from com ­ petitive bribery are important sources of externalities. The theoretical model is then investigated empirically. The results indicate that lobbying and bribery are complementary strategies. However, as countries grow, lobbying will be used more intensely. The results also show that there is a positive externality in collec ­ tive lobbying so that firms that cooperate can save on lobbying costs. There are also externalities in competitive bribery. The results show that the effects of social and legal punishments of bribery are considerable but become less severe as cor­ ruption becomes more widespread.
Physical activity and the risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes: A pooled analysis

Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is composed of a heterogeneous collection of subtypes with considerable differences in genetics, biology and aetiology. Studies to date on physical activity and NHL risk have not had sufficient sample size to evaluate whether associations differ by subtype. We pooled data from nine case‐control studies to examine the association between moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and risk of NHL overall and by subtype (diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma and mature T‐cell lymphoma). A total of 5653 cases and 9115 controls were included in the pooled analysis. Physical activity was harmonised across nine studies and modelled as study‐specific tertiles. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the association between physical activity and NHL, adjusting for confounders. The overall odds of NHL was 13% lower among participants in the most active tertile of MVPA compared to the least active tertile (adjusted odds ratio = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.80, 0.95). Similar decreases were observed across NHL subtypes. In summary, in this pooled analysis of case‐control studies, physical activity was associated with a modest risk reduction for each NHL subtype examined and with overall NHL.
Simple superposition approach for dynamic analysis of piled embedded footings

The effectiveness and accuracy of the superposition method in assessing the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients (impedance functions) of embedded footings supported by vertical piles in homogeneous viscoelastic soil is addressed. To this end, the impedances of piled embedded footings are compared to those obtained by superposing the impedance functions of the corresponding pile groups and embedded footings treated separately, with the magnitude of the relative average differences being around 10–30%. The results are presented in a set of dimensionless graphs and simple expressions that can be used to estimate the dynamic stiffness and damping of piled embedded footings, provided that the impedance functions of the two individual components are known. This is precisely the reason why the superposition approach studied here is appealing, because such impedance functions for both embedded footings and pile groups are available for a wide range of cases. How to estimate the kinematic response functions of the system when those of the individual components are known is also discussed.
The Effect of a Project on Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Organizing Trips to Out-of-School Environments

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of a project on teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs about organizing trips to out-of-school environments. The present study is a simultaneous mixed pattern research using quantitative and qualitative data. Twenty-four science teachers participated in the study. The effect of training and applications was also evaluated in terms of gender and seniority. Data were collected through Self-Efficacy Belief Scale for Organizing Educational Trips to Out-of-school Environment and open-ended question forms. While there was no difference in self-efficacy beliefs between male and female teachers at the beginning of the project, there was a difference in favor of females at the end of the project. Also, while there was a difference in favor of senior teachers at the beginning of the project, this difference disappeared at the end of the project. As can be seen in the present study, practical activities related to out-of-school learning are very important and such training should be delivered to both in pre-service and in-service teachers.
Retrospective of urolithiasis in dogs and cats at the Veterinary Hospital University Brazil – Fernandópolis/State of São Paulo between January 2018 and April 2019

Urolithiasis is a disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the urinary tract, associated with multifactorial causes. It is frequent in small animals. The objective of the present study is to formulate a profile of the patients affected by this disease and contribute to more accurate diagnoses and more effective therapies, aiming to reduce reoccurrences so common to this disease. The study was carried out via the exploratory analysis of the medical records of patients diagnosed with urolithiasis at the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Brasil – Fernandópolis Campus, State of São Paulo, between January 2018 and April 2019. Information regarding epidemiology, clinical signs, tests, diagnoses, instituted treatments, and reoccurrences was compiled. Subsequently, the data were analyzed, prevalence was determined, and graphs were elaborated using the Microsoft Office Excel® program. The results revealed a total of 20 animals diagnosed with urolithiasis during the study period, 16 (80%) of which were dogs and four (20%) were cats. It was observed that small dogs, mainly of the Shih-tzu breed, were the most affected, and aspects related to the environment such as home-only experience, sedentary lifestyle and contactants were recurrent. Therefore, for any animal that fits the profile and with consistent symptomatology, urolithiasis should be considered a differential diagnosis.
Prediction of emergence from prolonged disorders of consciousness from measures within the UK rehabilitation outcomes collaborative database: a multicentre analysis using machine learning

Abstract Purpose Predicting emergence from prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC) is important for planning care and treatment. We used machine learning to examine which variables from routine clinical data on admission to specialist rehabilitation units best predict emergence by discharge. Materials and methods A multicentre national cohort analysis of prospectively collected clinical data from the UK Rehabilitation Outcomes (UKROC) database 2010–2018. Patients (n = 1170) were operationally defined as “still in PDOC” or “emerged” by their total UK Functional Assessment Measure (FIM + FAM) discharge score. Variables included: Age, aetiology, length of stay, time since onset, and all items of the Neurological Impairment Scale, Rehabilitation Complexity Scale, Northwick Park Dependency Scale, and the Patient Categorisation Tool. After filtering, prediction of emergence was explored using four techniques: binary logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, artificial neural networks, and rule induction. Results Triangulation through these techniques consistently identified characteristics associated with emergence from PDOC. More severe motor impairment, complex disability, medical and behavioural instability, and anoxic aetiology were predictive of non-emergence, whereas those with less severe motor impairment, agitated behaviour and complex disability were predictive of emergence. Conclusions This initial exploration demonstrates the potential opportunities to enhance prediction of outcome using machine learning techniques to explore routinely collected clinical data. Implications for rehabilitation Predicting emergence from prolonged disorders of consciousness is important for planning care and treatment. Few evidence-based criteria exist for aiding clinical decision-making and existing criteria are mostly based upon acute admission data. Whilst acknowledging the limitations of using proxy data for diagnosis of emergence, this study suggests that key items from the UKROC dataset, routinely collected on admission to specialist rehabilitation some months post injury, may help to predict those patients who are more (or less) likely to regain consciousness. Machine learning can help to enhance our understanding of the best predictors of outcome and thus assist with clinical decision-making in PDOC.
Listening to students’ voices on inclusive teaching strategies in Chinese primary schools

Inclusive education has become a new global agenda in educational reform since Salamanca Statement in 1994. However, inclusion in education cannot be realized unless inclusive education teachers enable them to implement inclusive teaching strategies to meet all students’ diverse needs. This study aims to analyze the pupil perspectives of inclusive teaching strategies in Chinese regular primary schools by designing a questionnaire. The questionnaire is developed and validated with satisfactory reliability and validity to collect quantitative data from the 730 students of three regular primary schools in Shenzhen City, one of the largest cities in China. The literature has summarized three dimensions regarding inclusive teaching strategies: ‘values and attitudes,’ ‘management and environment,’ and ‘teaching and instruction’. The results show that these regular primary schools have inclusive values, and students have positive attitudes toward inclusive teaching strategies. Students think that sample schools have inclusive school management and environment concerning inclusive teaching strategies, and some inclusive teaching strategies are used, but others are not so often used in their classrooms. The findings are discussed, and implications for policy and research are presented.