Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal energy harvesting device using ferromagnetic materials

A unique concept for harvesting electrical energy from thermal energy is presented. A thermomechanical actuator was fabricated using ferromagnetic material. The device converts thermal energy into mechanical energy, which can be converted into electrical energy using piezoelectric materials. Magnetic force and operating frequency were measured on the device. Results show that the current power density at ΔT=50K is between 1.85 and 3.61mW∕cm2. A thermal finite element analysis model is also presented to understand the influence of thermal interface, suggesting that increases of 18.5mW∕cm2 or higher are achievable.
Fast assessment methods for voltage sags in distribution systems

Based on a simple voltage divider model, a relation is derived between the load sensitivity to voltage sags (expressed as a critical voltage) and the vulnerable area (expressed as a critical distance). The critical distance increases roughly linear with voltage level. The relation found is similar to relations found in power quality surveys. An equivalent expression is found for the critical distance as a function of the critical phase-angle jump. Realizing that faults downstream of a transformer do not significantly influence the expected number of sags, it is possible to estimate the number of sags at a specific load location. The method is extended to some nonradial systems: simple subtransmission loops; local generation; feeding from two substations; and operating with a normally open breaker.
Analysis and design for the resilience of shear connections

This paper proposes an approach for quantifying the demands on shear connections under the assumption of an ineffective column. Formulas and an algorithm are developed to evaluate the axial force, axial deformation, rotation, and moment demands on beam-to-column shear connections. The analysis algorithm developed is verified using a solved example found from literature. Parametric studies are conducted to determine important parameters in the connection modeling for resilience design. Furthermore, a detailed procedure indicating how to obtain the properties of an end-plate shear connection for its resilience design is provided. Four end-plate connection examples are employed to illustrate the proposed methodology. Finally, a capacity design concept is introduced for the ductility design of shear connections. This study demonstrates that shear connections should be designed explicitly for its resilience to resist progressive collapse of a girder-and-beam system.
Hemodynamic Characteristics Associated with Recurrence of Middle Cerebral Artery Bifurcation Aneurysms After Total Embolization

Objective Hemodynamic parameters are associated with the recurrence of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Studies showed that high velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) were associated with IAs recurrence after endovascular treatment; nevertheless, factors such as small sample size, locations of IAs, and types of IAs (ie, sidewall or bifurcation) were neglected. The purpose of this study was to identify the hemodynamic characteristics associated with recurrence of middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms (MCABAs) after total embolization by the method of computer fluid dynamics (CFD). Methods Following inclusion criteria, we included 92 MCABAs treated with coils only after total embolization from January 2014 to January 2019. We segmented into recurrent and non-recurrent groups according to follow-up digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The MCABA models, including pre-operatively and immediate post-operatively, were reconstructed using 3D-DSAs. The hemodynamic parameters pre-operatively and immediately post-operatively between the groups were calculated and analyzed. Results There were no significant differences between the recurrent and non-recurrent groups for spatially averaged wall shear stress (SAWSS), maximum wall shear stress (MWSS), velocity, or oscillatory shear index (OSI) at the neck pre-operatively. In the recurrent group, the WSS (22.02±5.11 vs 37.43±8.27 pa, p < 0.001), MWSS (42.59±17.02 vs 66.98±18.61 pa, p=0.014), velocity (0.86±0.19 vs 1.44±0.61 m/s, p=0.01) preoperatively were significantly higher than postoperative values. By contrast, in the non-recurrent group, the WSS (26.53±8.18 vs 22.29±8.64pa, p=0.002), MWSS (42.71±14.01 vs 37.15±15.56 pa, p=0.013), velocity (1.08±0.43 vs 0.23 (0.52, 0.57) m/s, p < 0.001) postoperatively were significantly lower than preoperative values. The OSI, whether in the recurrent group or the non-recurrent group, did not differ significantly between groups (p=0.79 and p=0.19). Conclusion Higher WSS (SAWSS, MWSS) and flow velocity at the aneurysm neck after embolization might be related to recurrence of bifurcation IAs. These might be applied to clinical post-embolization management for the evaluation of bifurcation IAs recanalization.
TULP1 related retinal dystrophy: report of rare and novel variants with a previously undescribed phenotype in two cases

ABSTRACT Purpose To report on two rare and one novel TULP1 pathogenic variants in two patients associated with a previously uncharacterized phenotype of retinal degeneration. Methods Case report. Results A 4 year-old and a 19 year-old female presented with reduced vision and bilateral bull’s eye maculopathy. In both patients, a unique pattern of perivascular retinal degeneration was noted. Electroretinography was consistent with a cone-rod dystrophy. Sequence analysis identified pathogenic variants in the TULP1 gene c.1087 G > A, p.(Gly363Arg); c.1568 G > A, p.(Cys523Tyr); and c.821delA, p.(Lys274ArgfsTer36). Conclusion Patients with TULP1-related retinal dystrophy can have a distinctive retinopathy with a unique pattern of macular degeneration and periarteriolar vascular pigmentation.
The Level of utilization and Satisfaction of Complete Denture Treatment Provided in Fiji from 2010-2016

BACKGROUND: Wearing dentures helps rehabilitate the oral health status for the older people. Due to lack of previous data, this objective of this study was to determine the level of utilization and satisfaction of complete denture treatment at dental clinics in Fiji. MATERIALS & METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on 85 edentulous patients and dentures at the Fiji National University (FNU) teaching dental clinic from 2010-2016.Patients who utilized the dentures fabricated at FNU and identified as complete denture patients from 2010-2016 were included in this study. Data was collected using the denture assessment form and Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous Patients (OHIP-EDENT) questionnaire. Correlation test was done and p less than 0.05 was considered as level of significance. RESULTS: Participants were between the age range of 40-79 years with majority being male (54%). Greater level of satisfaction noted among 60-69 years male participants and those wearing the dentures for 3-4 years than other groups. Difficulty in chewing (40%) and food catching underneath the denture (33%) were common denture related complains. One thirds of participants reported of uncomfortable dentures while 24% had sore spots due to their dentures. More than two thirds of them, (71%) were unable to eat and enjoy food and for most patients, the vertical dimension (94%), esthetics assessment (94%), tooth selection (91%), boarder extension (78%), posterior seal (99%) and centric relation (99%) were acceptable. Patients with acceptable vertical dimension (46.1±7.6), acceptable esthetics (45.8±7.9) and boarder extension (48.0±7.2) showed greater satisfaction level compared to those with unacceptable denture characteristics. CONCLUSION: This study highlighted that satisfaction among recent denture wearers was low and majority participants portrayed poor understanding regarding denture aftercare and hygiene. It can be recommended for the teaching institutes and dental clinics to evaluate the quality of treatments and help to improve the quality of services being provided to the patients. Further study is needed to determine the in- depth perceptions of denture wearers. It also can be recommended for the patients to take heed of the post operative denture hygiene instructions being given.
Torsion–shear–flexure interaction in reinforced concrete members

Synopsis An analysis for predicting stresses, strains and rotations at all levels of load and for predicting the strength of members under combined torsion–shear–flexure loads is presented. Equilibrium and compatibility are considered and the analysis predicts the phenomenon of ‘shear relief’, whereby the torsional strength of an over-reinforced beam is enhanced by a small shear load. A torsion–shear–flexure interaction surface is proposed which is actually a combination of two surfaces. An equation defining the space curve formed by the intersection of these two surfaces is derived. Use of this equation indicates the portion of the interaction surface that is appropriate for a particular combination of loads. The proposed interaction surface is compared with test results available in the literature and good correlation is noted.
Studying The Self-Knowledge Of Adolescents With The Low Level Of Psychological Well-Being

Upbringing a harmonious personality has become the target of the Russian education system and is used in constructing the state strategy for the development of upbringing. In the scientific world a harmoniously developed adolescent is perceived as a psychologically happy adolescent, therefore, the number of studies that solve the task of content and improvement the psychological well-being of adolescents is increasing and is acquiring special significance for fulfilling new educational tasks. In modern studies, attention is drawn to the role of self-knowledge in the formation of a psychologically healthy personality. The aim of this study was to investigate the features of the content component in self-knowledge of adolescents with a low level of psychological well-being. The respondents included 180 adolescents with different levels of psychological well-being. The adolescents identified using the K. Riff Psychological Well-Being Scale come from 7-11 grades of the schools in Tula and Moscow regions. The degree of the indicators for the content component in self-knowledge was studied and the differences between adolescents with low and high levels of psychological well-being were determined. The study revealed significant differences in self-knowledge of adolescents with high and low levels of psychological well-being. The obtained results of the study make up for the deficiencies in scientific knowledge in the field of adolescent psychology and define the ways to help in harmonizing the inner world of adolescents. The results will be useful in building programs to improve the psychological well-being of adolescents based on helping them in self-knowledge.
Phylogenomic and Microsynteny Analysis Provides Evidence of Genome Arrangements of High-Affinity Nitrate Transporter Gene Families of Plants

Nitrate transporter 2 (NRT2) and NRT3 or nitrate-assimilation-related 2 (NAR2) proteins families form a two-component, high-affinity nitrate transport system, which is essential for the acquisition of nitrate from soils with low N availability. An extensive phylogenomic analysis across land plants for these families has not been performed. In this study, we performed a microsynteny and orthology analysis on the NRT2 and NRT3 genes families across 132 plants (Sensu lato) to decipher their evolutionary history. We identified significant differences in the number of sequences per taxonomic group and different genomic contexts within the NRT2 family that might have contributed to N acquisition by the plants. We hypothesized that the greater losses of NRT2 sequences correlate with specialized ecological adaptations, such as aquatic, epiphytic, and carnivory lifestyles. We also detected expansion on the NRT2 family in specific lineages that could be a source of key innovations for colonizing contrasting niches in N availability. Microsyntenic analysis on NRT3 family showed a deep conservation on land plants, suggesting a high evolutionary constraint to preserve their function. Our study provides novel information that could be used as guide for functional characterization of these gene families across plant lineages.
Characteristics and influence on quality of life of new‐onset pain in critical COVID‐19 survivors

Pain is a clinical feature of COVID‐19, however, data about persistent pain after hospital discharge, especially among ICU survivors is scarce. The aim of this study was to explore the incidence and characteristics of new‐onset pain and its impact on Health‐Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), and to quantify the presence of mood disorders in critically ill COVID‐19 survivors.
Techniques for Obtaining Detailed Heat Transfer Coefficient Measurements Within Gas Turbine Blade and Vane Cooling Passages

This paper reviews the techniques developed jointly by Rolls-Royce Bristol and Oxford University for determining detailed heat transfer coefficient distributions inside turbine blade and vane cooling passages.These techniques make use of a low temperature phase change paint to map the heat flux distributions within models of the cooling passages. The paints change from an opaque coating to a clear liquid at a well defined melting point.Thus, the surface temperature history of a model subjected to transient convective heating is recorded. From this history the heat transfer coefficient distribution is deduced using a transient conduction analysis within the model. The general method may be applied to a range of model thicknesses and geometries. The Rolls-Royce data are usually obtained from the inner surface of thick walled models whereas the Oxford measurements are performed on the outside of thin walls.Results are presented for the detailed heat transfer coefficient distributions within a variety of cooling passages. Firstly, smooth ducts of circular cross section are considered and serve the purpose of validating the experimental techniques. Secondly, results for complex passages with varying cross-sectional area are presented, and the effect of introducing discrete roughness elements and film cooling exhausts into these ducts assessed. Finally, data obtained from a comprehensive examination of a typical engine multi-pass cooling geometry are presented.Copyright © 1983 by ASME
SOFTWARE TO FACILITATE DESIGN OF GEOSYNTHETIC-REINFORCED STEEP SLOPES

This article describes the various stability analyses associated with the design of geosynthetic-reinforced steep slopes. To facilitate design, these analyses were compiled into a computer program called ReSlope. For a given problem, including the ultimate strength of the reinforcement layers, the software yields the optimal length and spacing of the geosynthetics. This layout satisfies the specified various factors of safety input by the user. Comparisons with case histories, as well as further analytical details, appear elsewhere.
Tailoring Silicon Nitride Surface Chemistry for Facilitating Odontogenic Differentiation of Rat Dental Pulp Cells

Silicon nitride (Si3N4) can facilitate bone formation; hence, it is used as a biomaterial in orthopedics. Nevertheless, its usability for dentistry is unexplored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Si3N4 granules for the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of rat dental pulp cells (rDPCs). Four different types of Si3N4 granules were prepared, which underwent different treatments to form pristine as-synthesized Si3N4, chemically treated Si3N4, thermally treated Si3N4, and Si3N4 sintered with 3 wt. % yttrium oxide (Y2O3). rDPCs were cultured on or around the Si3N4 granular beds. Compared with the other three types of Si3N4 granules, the sintered Si3N4 granules significantly promoted cellular attachment, upregulated the expression of odontogenic marker genes (Dentin Matrix Acidic Phosphoprotein 1 and Dentin Sialophosphoprotein) in the early phase, and enhanced the formation of mineralization nodules. Furthermore, the water contact angle of sintered Si3N4 was also greatly increased to 40°. These results suggest that the sintering process for Si3N4 with Y2O3 positively altered the surface properties of pristine as-synthesized Si3N4 granules, thereby facilitating the odontogenic differentiation of rDPCs. Thus, the introduction of a sintering treatment for Si3N4 granules is likely to facilitate their use in the clinical application of dentistry.
Mechanism for recoverable power drift in PHEMTs

A new degradation mechanism is proposed for output power drift under rf overdrive of pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors (PHEMT's). Similar to the previously reported power-slump mechanism, the gradual reduction in output power is caused by a decrease in the peak drain current. However, unlike power slump that is usually associated with permanent damage, in the present case the output power recovers readily once the rf input is interrupted. A possible mechanism for power drift involves charge trapping in the surface passivation layer. The passivation charge relaxes the electrical field in the semiconductor, which in turn increases the occupation of the interface states between the passivation and semiconductor. Measurements of dc and pulsed current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, rf large signal waveforms, deep level transient spectroscopy, light and temperature effects, as well as metal-insulator-metal leakage support this supposition.
Synergy of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Imagery for Early Seasonal Agricultural Crop Mapping

The exploitation of the unprecedented capacity of Sentinel-1 (S1) and Sentinel-2 (S2) data offers new opportunities for crop mapping. In the framework of the SenSAgri project, this work studies the synergy of very high-resolution Sentinel time series to produce accurate early seasonal binary cropland mask and crop type map products. A crop classification processing chain is proposed to address the following: (1) high dimensionality challenges arising from the explosive growth in available satellite observations and (2) the scarcity of training data. The two-fold methodology is based on an S1-S2 classification system combining the so-called soft output predictions of two individually trained classifiers. The performances of the SenSAgri processing chain were assessed over three European test sites characterized by different agricultural systems. A large number of highly diverse and independent data sets were used for validation experiments. The agreement between independent classification algorithms of the Sentinel data was confirmed through different experiments. The presented results assess the interest of decision-level fusion strategies, such as the product of experts. Accurate crop map products were obtained over different countries in the early season with limited training data. The results highlight the benefit of fusion for early crop mapping and the interest of detecting cropland areas before the identification of crop types.
Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Medical Undergraduate Students and Their Coping Strategies

Background. Students’ mental health deteriorates after they enter medical school and continues to deteriorate throughout their training. Every individual has a certain number of coping resources, and once these coping resources are challenged, mental illness usually results. Objective. We aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress as well as coping strategies used by medical undergraduate students enrolled in Arsi University. Methods. Institution-based, cross-sectional design was conducted on 265 sampled medical students. Participants were selected by a systematic, random-sampling technique. Data were collected by pretested, structured, and self-administrated questionnaires. Afterwards, logistic regression analysis was employed, and statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05 . Results. In the present study, 5 questionnaires were rejected for incompleteness, resulting in a response rate of 98.1%. The mean age of the respondents was 22.03 (SD = 2.074) years. The current prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, and stress were 52.3%, 60.8%, and 40.4%, respectively. The proportion of respondents who had extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress was 6.2%, 16.2%, and 2.3%, respectively. Depression was specifically associated with monthly income and residency. Anxiety was significantly associated with residency and educational level. Stress was associated with monthly income, educational level, and residency. The main coping strategy adopted by the respondents was religion with a mean (±SD) of 5.94 (1.85). The coping mechanisms of denial, substance use, behavioral disengagement, venting, and self-blame were significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion. Overall prevalence rate of depression, anxiety, and stress is alarmingly high. Therefore, implementing stress reduction interventions and establishing a student counseling center are highly recommended.
Comparison of Oxidative and Hypoxic Stress Responsive Genes from Meta-Analysis of Public Transcriptomes

Analysis of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data is an effective means to analyze the gene expression levels under specific conditions and discover new biological knowledge. More than 74,000 experimental series with RNA-seq have been stored in public databases as of 20 October 2021. Since this huge amount of expression data accumulated from past studies is a promising source of new biological insights, we focused on a meta-analysis of 1783 runs of RNA-seq data under the conditions of two types of stressors: oxidative stress (OS) and hypoxia. The collected RNA-seq data of OS were organized as the OS dataset to retrieve and analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The OS-induced DEGs were compared with the hypoxia-induced DEGs retrieved from a previous study. The results from the meta-analysis of OS transcriptomes revealed two genes, CRIP1 and CRIP3, which were particularly downregulated, suggesting a relationship between OS and zinc homeostasis. The comparison between meta-analysis of OS and hypoxia showed that several genes were differentially expressed under both stress conditions, and it was inferred that the downregulation of cell cycle-related genes is a mutual biological process in both OS and hypoxia.
Psychological status of mass people in the capital city of Bangladesh during COVID‐19: Do home quarantine challenges matter?

Abstract This study aimed to identify the impact of home quarantine challenges on the psychological status of mass people during Coronavirus Disease (COVID‐19) in the capital city (Dhaka) of Bangladesh. A highly organized questionnaire was created in “Google Form” and given to respondents at random via multiple social media sites, including WhatsApp, LinkedIn, and Messenger. However, a sample size of 208 people was taken and analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Analysis of a Moment Structures software. Analysis showed that home quarantine challenges are positively related to the psychological status and home quarantine challenges have a significant impact on psychological status during COVID‐19. In Bangladesh, the major challenges to home quarantine are lack of consciousness, lack of medical support, and the possibility of losing their current jobs. This study provides insight into the challenges of home quarantine and the psychological status of Bangladeshi people. The findings may be helpful for policymakers in identifying necessary measures to overcome these challenges. Only Dhaka division was taken out of seven divisions in Bangladesh to conduct this study, which might be difficult to generalize the findings of this study. Thus, in the future, it is suggested that more respondents from other divisions need to be covered.