Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regional illitization in bentonite beds from the East Slovak Basin based on isotopic characteristics (K-Ar, δ18O and δD) of illite-type nanoparticles

Abstract Nanometre-sized illite-type crystals extracted from mixed-layer illite-smectite of cored bentonite beds from the East Slovak Basin were studied to investigate timing, duration and physical/chemical conditions of their nucleation and growth. The study includes application of the results to an evaluation of the regional extent of illitization. Close to salt-bearing formations, the nanometric particles underwent a more intense illitization, of identical duration, but with changing oxygen and hydrogen isotope characteristics of the parental brines. A comparison of the stratigraphic ages of the bentonite beds with the K-Ar ages of the authigenic crystals shows that illitization started during the Middle-Miocene Serravalian (Lower Sarmatian) subsidence that lasted from 17 to 11.5 Ma. Duration of illitization was bracketed between 14.5 and 9.0 Ma, with further episodes until recently at 0 Ma, depending on the geographic location of the host beds. The calculated subsidence rate varies from less than 300 m/Ma to more than 500 m/Ma and the thermal gradient ranges from ~60°C/km to less than 50°C/km. The K-Ar ages of the nanometric illite point to either short-duration illitization when the onset was soon after sedimentation, or longduration when the onset was significantly later after sedimentation. The illite δ18O varies little with increasing crystal size, whereas the δD changes significantly. In most samples the crystallization temperature determined by different criteria did not change significantly during crystal growth, but the oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of the interacting fluids varied depending on sample location, immediate environment, timing and duration of illitization. The stable isotope composition of illite in bentonite beds with reduced fluid-rock ratios gives insight into the fluid-temperature regime of sedimentary basins through identifying local processes rather than wide-scale ones. Illitization is episodic with variable duration along different crystallization pathways, and to various extents in low-porosity, low-permeability bentonite beds. Depending on local conditions, illitization may vary even within apparently homogeneous beds. This contrasts with the situation for porous aquifers having large-scale fluid connectivity
INTERNET MARKETING PRACTICES AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

The study investigated the effects of internet marketing on customer loyalty at Jumia Nigeria Limited. The objective of this study was to determine the significant effect of internet marketing practices adopted by Jumia on customer loyalty. The study used descriptive survey research design. Primary data were collected through the use of structured questionnaire. As a result of the large population, the study used convenience sampling technique to select 120 respondents, possibly those who have done any transaction with jumia.com in Lagos Nigeria. The study shows that the various measures of internet marketing such as Social Media Marketing, Email Marketing, Search Engine marketing have a significant effect on customer loyalty. Therefore, it was concluded that internet marketing is an essential tool for customer loyalty. Based on the research findings, organizations should on daily basis send update about products availability and functions to numerous online users as such leads to online store recognition which in turn enhances customer loyalty.
Evaluation of Acute Dermal Toxicity of Hibiscus Leaves as Simplicial Ointment on Albino Rats

Hibiscus is a plant that has been shown to contain substances that may be used as sunscreen to protect the skin from UV radiation. In terms of their potential as sunscreens, flavonoids, tannins, and quinone chemicals are crucial because they are antioxidants that can reduce the negative effects of UV radiation and boost photoprotective activity. This study aimed to investigate the acute dermal toxicity potential of hibiscus leaves simplicial ointment 40% on female albino rats. The evaluation method refered to The OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals – No. Test: 402, Acute Dermal Toxicity-Fixed Doses Procedure. Based on the Globally Harmonized System compared to this study reported that acute dermal median lethal dose (LD50) was > 2000 mg/kg. It can be concluded that hibiscus leaves simplicial ointment 40% has safe to apply topically and doesn't produce acute skin toxicity.
Ornithosuchidae: a group of Triassic archosaurs with a unique ankle joint

Abstract The ornithosuchids were a group of archosaurs with body lengths ranging from 2 to 4 m recorded from Upper Triassic beds in Argentina and Scotland. The group was defined as a node-based clade including Ornithosuchus longidens, Riojasuchus tenuisceps, Venaticosuchus rusconii and all descendants of their most recent common ancestor. The ornithosuchids are diagnosed by the following apomorphies observed in the three known species of the clade: downturned premaxilla; premaxilla–maxilla contact with a diastema in the alveolar margin equal in length to two teeth; palatine–pterygoid fenestra; and orbit with a distinct ventral point surrounded by ‘V’-shaped dorsal processes of the jugal. The most remarkable postcranial apomorphy of the group is the presence of the so-called crocodile reversed ankle joint, a condition that seems to be unique for the ornithosuchids among amniotans. The systematic history of Ornithosuchidae is complex and Ornithosuchus was allied with dinosaurs or phytosaurs prior to the implementation of numerical phylogenetic analyses. Currently, there is consensus that Ornithosuchidae is positioned within Pseudosuchia, but their phylogenetic position within the group remains strongly debated. Nevertheless, all hypotheses agree in inferring an extremely long ghost lineage at the base of the clade. The presence of derived pseudosuchians in the late Olenekian produces a ghost lineage of c. 16–18 millions of years for Ornithosuchidae, indicating that only the late evolutionary history of the clade is currently sampled in the fossil record.
The newly graduated nurse as a second victim

Objective To describe the prevalence of newly graduated nurses as second victims of adverse events and to know the conditions of support received in health institutions. Methods Cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study. The population consisted of newly graduated nurses who agreed to answer the online questionnaire with questions related to being hired at the institution, involvement in adverse events and management of the second victim condition. Contacted was by email, intermediated by the Regional Nursing Council of São Paulo. Descriptive data analysis and the test of equality of proportions were performed. Results The final sample consisted of 138 nurses, 54.3% were unaware of the term ‘second victim’, 44.9% were unaware of the existence of institutional protocols for emotional support to professionals and 26.8% were involved in adverse events. Of these, 94.6% presented emotional distress, frustration, guilt, sadness, stress, inability, embarrassment and insecurity to perform their duties at work as an outcome of the event; 59.5% received some type of support and 21.6% received institutional punishment. Conclusion The prevalence of newly graduated nurses involved in adverse events was 26.8%, and among those who experienced this incident, the majority presented negative feelings and insecurity in performing their work as an outcome. After the event, most of the time, the support received came from work colleagues and significant others. Regarding institutional support, the need for programs for emotional support is also highlighted, so that these professionals can overcome when finding themselves in the place of the second victim.
Bio-efficacy of flumioxazin against mixed weed flora in the wastelands of Himachal Pradesh

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2021 at the Research Farm of the Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, to study the bio-efficacy of flumioxazin against mixed weed flora in a wasteland. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Nine weed control treatments, including flumioxazin 150 g/ha, 200 g/ha, 250 g/ha, 300 g/ha, 500 g/ha, oxyfluorfen 1000 g/ha, weed-free check, glyphosate 4000 g/ha and untreated control were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The primary weeds in the experiment area were Synedrella nodiflora , Cynodon dactylon , Parthenium hysterophorus , Cyperus sp , Ageratum conyzoides , Erigeron canadensis and Centella asiatica . The results revealed that post-emergence application of flumioxazin 500 g/ha, being statistically alike with flumioxazin 300 g/ha, flumioxazin 250 g/ha, flumioxazin 200 g/ha, and glyphosate 4000 g/ha, was quite effective in controlling weeds with higher weed control efficiency. Hence flumioxazin can be opted for to achieve better weed control in a wasteland.
A particulate-scale investigation of cemented sand behavior

In this paper, triaxial tests and numerical simulations using the discrete element method (DEM) are combined to explore the underlying mechanisms of the unique behavior of artificially cemented sands. The experimental results show that strength enhancement, volumetric dilation, and the shear banding associated failure mode are observed in Portland cement sand; these features become more pronounced with increasing cement content. Different responses are found in gypsum-cemented sand even though both types of cemented sand specimens were prepared under very similar void ratios before shearing. The DEM simulations on the Portland cement sand were carried out under two particular arrangements (i.e., the use of small cementing particles and flexible membrane boundaries). The simulation results reveal that particles in the bonding network jointly share the loading and many micro force-chains associated with cementation are created. Compared with uncemented sand, a more stable and stronger force–chain complex su.
Impact of a direct-fed microbial supplementation on intestinal permeability and immune response in broiler chickens during a coccidia challenge

Maintaining intestinal health supports optimal gut function and influences overall performance of broilers. Microlife® Prime (MLP) contains a unique combination of four strains of Bacillus spp. selected to support a healthy gut which may improve performance. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of MLP supplementation on intestinal health and immunity of broilers challenged with a mixed coccidia infection during peak [0 to 6-day post-infection (dpi)] and recovery phases (6 to 13 dpi). A total of 120 male, 4 days-old Ross 708, broiler chicks were allotted to 3 treatment groups (8 replicate cages; 5 birds/cage) in a randomized complete block design. Treatments included a non-challenge (NEG), a coccidia challenge (POS), and coccidia challenge fed MLP (5 × 105 CFU/g of diet). Diets were corn-soybean meal-based. At 11 days of age, all birds, except for NEG, were orally gavaged with 15 doses (3 × the recommended commercial dose). On 6, 9, and 13 dpi, birds were orally gavaged with fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate dextran (FITC-d). Plasma and mid-jejunum tissues were collected 2 h later. On 6 dpi, duodenal lesions from 2 birds/cage were scored and droppings were collected for oocyst enumeration. Body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated over the experimental period. Data were analyzed with GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. During the peak phase, POS birds had reduced BWG (23%) and FCR (15%) compared to NEG birds (P < 0.05), while birds fed MLP had similar BWG (209 and 208 g) and FCR (1.17 and 1.21) compared to NEG (P > 0.05). On 6 dpi, POS birds had higher lesion scores and oocyst shedding, 2 × increase in serum FITC-d, and higher jejunum IL-10, and IFN-γ mRNA compared to NEG (P < 0.05). Birds fed MLP had reduced plasma FITC-d compared to POS birds (P < 0.05) and similar IL-10 and IFN-γ mRNA. On 13 dpi, birds fed MLP had lower plasma FITC-d, jejunum IL-10 and IFN-γ mRNA compared to POS birds (P < 0.05), but similar IL-10 to NEG birds (P > 0.05). This study confirms MLP improves intestinal health and positively modulates mucosal immune response post-coccidia challenge.
Use of Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Insights From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry

at an average rate of 0.3% per quarter, whereas the rate of O-MCS use was unchanged over the study period. The predicted probability of IABP use varied significantly by site (hospital median 42%, interquartile range 33% to 51%, range 8% to 85%). The probability of O-MCS use was <5% for half of hospitals and >20% in less than one-tenth of hospitals. Conclusions —In this large national registry, the use of IABP in the setting of PCI for cardiogenic shock decreased over time without a concurrent increase in O-MCS use. The probability of IABP and O-MCS use varied across hospitals, and the use of O-MCS was clustered at a small number of hospitals. ( Circulation . 2015;132:1243-1251. DOI: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014451.) with MCS. Over the study period, the use of intraaortic balloon pump declined without a concurrent increase in the use of other MCS therapies (ie, TandemHeart, Impella). Despite emerging data on the potential benefits of newer MCS devices, the lack of uptake in the cardiology community may be due, in part, to a paucity of data showing improvement in patient outcomes. In addition, the probability of using intraaortic balloon pump and other MCS devices varies significantly across hospitals, with the use of newer MCS technologies clustered at large, teaching hospitals. Large-scale randomized clinical trials remain necessary to guide our understanding of the impact of newer MCS therapies on patient outcomes.
Influence of growth ring number and width on elastic constants of poplar

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of growth ring number (specimens including 2, 4, and 6 rings from the bark) and growth ring width on elastic constants in the radial direction of Populus x canadensis, which has not been revealed before. The longitudinal (2.25 MHz) and transverse (1 MHz) ultrasonic waves were propagated to calculate the longitudinal (VRR) and shear (VRL, VLR, VTR, and VRT) wave velocities and used to determine the elasticity modulus (ER), and shear moduli (GRL and GRT). The average growth ring widths of specimens including 2, 4, and 6 rings were 17.0 mm, 17.8 mm, and 18.2 mm, respectively. According to the results, only VRL steadily increased with increased ring number, while other velocities fluctuated. The same fluctuations were observed for moduli except for GLR, which constantly increased with ring number. The influence of ring number on velocity was statistically significant only for VRL and VRT. However, all moduli were significantly affected by ring number. Linear regression statistics revealed that there were significant relations between the ring width and density, VRL, VLR, VRT, GRL, and GRT.
Evolution of periglacial landforms in the ancient mountain range of the Thaumasia Highlands, Mars

Abstract Possible periglacial and relict glacial landforms in the ancient mountain range of the Thaumasia Highlands, Mars, are described. The landforms include large-scale mantling, lineated crater and valley-fill materials, debris aprons, protalus lobes and ramparts. The most pristine ice-related landforms appear to be small-scale protalus lobes and ramparts with no visible distinct impact craters at both medium (High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC)) and high (Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) narrow angle (NA), Context Camera (CTX)) spatial resolution. These small landforms are possibly active at present and post-date more extensive features such as crater fills, possibly formed during high obliquity climatic periods. In contrast to the rock glacier-like landforms with distribution preferentially occurring on south-facing slopes, possibly controlled by enhanced exposure to the Sun, older, less pristine lineated fill materials show a less systematic distribution of flow directions, suggesting a more generalized periglacial and possibly glacial environment in the Thaumasia Highlands.
Avalonian perspectives on Neoproterozoic paleogeography: Evidence from Sm-Nd isotope geochemistry and detrital zircon geochronology in SE New England, USA

Arc-related Northern Appalachian Avalonian terranes developed in the ocean surrounding Rodinia beginning around 760 Ma, so paleogeographic constraints on these terranes have implications for the margins of Rodinia itself in Neoproterozoic time. The first Sm-Nd isotopic data together with new detrital zircon ages from SE New England suggest that at least this segment of Avalonia contains rocks with contributions from crustal sources in Baltica, rather than Amazonia as commonly argued. Eight samples from 610 to 600 Ma Dedham, Dedham North, Milford, Fall River, Esmond, and Westwood granites in SE New England yield e Nd (600) values from −1.2 to +2.2 and depleted mantle model ages ranging from 2.2 Ga to 1.0 Ga. The younger model ages, reflecting largely juvenile magmatic components, are typical of other Avalonian terranes in Atlantic Canada. The oldest model ages can be produced by mixing juvenile mantle extractions with 10%-15% Baltic crust. The isotopic composition of Baltic crust in these calculations is proxied by Svecofennian metasedimentary rocks with detrital zircon suites comparable to those obtained from younger than 912 Ma quartzite of the Westboro Formation intruded by the Dedham Granite north of Boston (Massachusetts). An Avalonia-Baltica connection is also consistent with available paleomagnetic data placing both areas at moderate south paleolatitude between ca. 615 Ma and ca. 575 Ma during Ediacaran deposition of their respective Squantum-Gaskiers and Varanger glacial deposits.
Impact of pressmud as organic amendment on physico-chemical characteristics of calcareous soil.

In order to asses the impact of pressmud (a waste by-product from sugar factories) as organic amendment on physico-chemical properties of calcareous soil, a field study was conducted at the experiment station of Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D. I. Khan during 2007-2008. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design, having four replications. The treatments were (1) control, (2) NPK (30:60:45 kg ha), (3)2 t ha-1 pressmud, (4) 4 t ha pressmud (5) 6 t ha pressmud, (6) 10 t ha pressmud (7) 15 t ha pressmud (8) 20 t ha pressmud. The soil was calcareous (time 6.3%), (pH 8.1) and low in organic matter content (8 g kg). The pressmud used in this experiment was rich in micronutrients such as Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and also contained sufficient amount of Ca, Mg and Na. Therefore, the addition of pressmud increased the available P, S, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content in soil in addition to increase in total porosity of soil. On the other hand, there was small increase in ECe , and small decrease in bulk density and pH of the soil as a result of increasing levels of pressmud application. It was concluded from the study that the application of pressmud @ 15 to 20 t ha would be the most suitable dose for improving the physico-chemical properties of calcareous soil.
Stratigraphy of the Zakimi Formation and the Ryukyu Group in Yomitan area, Okinawa-jima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan

The Pleistocene Ryukyu Group composed of reef complex deposits crops out in Yomitan area, Okinawa-jima, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. The group rests unconformably on the upper Cenozoic Zakimi Formation and the pre-Tertiary Nago Formation. We propose a major revision of the previous stratigraphic scheme for the Zakimi Formation and the Ryukyu Group, based on new investigations, and provide a formal stratigraphic description. The Zakimi Formation(> 40 m thick)consists of conglomerate comprising poorly sorted, up to cobblesized, subrounded gravel derived from the Nago Formation, displaying a clast-supported texture. The Ryukyu Group comprises the Iramina and Sobe Formations in study area. The Iramina Formation, observed in drill cores, is thin(> 11 m thick)and consists mainly of conglomerate, coral limestone, and detrital limestone. The Sobe Formation unconformably overlies the Iramina Formation, reaches 70 m in thickness, and crops out at elevations of up to 80 m. It is divisible into five units. Each unit is composed of coral limestone overlain by rhodolith, Cycloclypeus-Operculina, and detrital limestones and shows a deepening-upward sequence. Of these units, Units 4 is most extensively exposed in this area. This unit rests unconformably on Units 2 and 3 at elevations greater than 20 m and conformably overlies Unit 3 below the elevation. It is equivalent to the Yontan Limestone in previous stratigraphic literatures. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy indicates that the lower part of the Sobe Formation was deposited in early Pleistocene time, ranging from 0.41-0.85 Ma. Stratigraphic position and age-diagnostic nannofossils indicate that the Sobe Formation may be partly correlative to the main body of the Ryukyu Group on Tokuno-shima, Okierabu-jima, Yoron-jima, southern Okinawa-jima, and Miyako-jima. Abstract
Taphonomy and Paleoecology of the Bivalve Trace Fossil Protovirgularia in Deltaic Heterolithic Facies of the Miocene Chenque Formation, Patagonia, Argentina

Abstract Lower Miocene tide-influenced deltaic deposits from the Chenque Formation, Patagonia, Argentina, contain abundant and well-preserved biogenic structures attributed to locomotion of deposit-feeder protobranch bivalves. These trace fossils, assigned to the ichnogenus Protovirgularia, consist of delicate, inclined-to-horizontal, chevronate structures, mostly symmetrical with respect to a median axis. Identification of Protovirgularia at sandstone sole beds (hypichnion) is quite straightforward. Endichnial, exichnial and epichnial preservation in heterolithic facies, however, provides a wide variety of forms that depart from the archetypal Protovirgularia and challenges ichnotaxonomic classification. Specimens in prodelta and delta-front facies display morphologic features controlled by substrate fluidity, toponomy, and sedimentation rate. Most specimens show sharp, closely spaced chevrons and occur along sandstone/mudstone interfaces of the proximal prodelta and distal delta-front deposits. These forms reflect how tracemakers experienced significant friction while advancing through the sediment, which resulted in relatively smaller increments of movements. In contrast, variants of Protovirgularia formed in muddier beds, such as in prodeltaic facies, show irregular, poorly defined and unevenly spaced chevrons, and are locally asymmetric in relation to the axis, reflecting softer, water-rich, and plastic substrates. This sediment offered relatively low friction but poor anchorage for the foot. These occurrences of Protovirgularia in tide-influenced, marginal-marine deposits suggests that protobranchs were tolerant of fluctuations in salinity, sedimentation rates, turbidity, and oxygen depletion, displaying opportunistic strategies in stressed nearshore environments. Our evaluation of taphonomic controls and appropriate identification of Protovirgularia can provide valuable information for expanding our knowledge of the ethology and paleoecology of protobranch bivalves.