Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Embryonic disc formation following post-hatching bovine embryo development in vitro

Failures during conceptus elongation are a major cause of pregnancy losses in ungulates, exerting a relevant economic impact on farming. The developmental events occurring during this period are poorly understood, mainly because this process cannot be recapitulated in vitro. Previous studies have established an in vitro post-hatching development (PHD) system that supports bovine embryo development beyond the blastocyst stage, based on agarose gel tunnels and serum- and glucose-enriched medium. Unfortunately, under this system embryonic disc formation is not achieved and embryos show notorious signs of apoptosis and necrosis. The objective of this study has been to develop an in vitro system able to support embryonic disc formation. We first compared post-hatching development inside agarose tunnels or free-floating over an agarose-coated dish in serum- and glucose-enriched medium (PHD medium). Culture inside agarose tunnels shaped embryo morphology by physical constriction, but it restricted embryo growth and did not provide any significant advantage in terms of development of hypoblast and epiblast lineages. In contrast to PHD medium, a chemically defined and enriched medium (N2B27) supported complete hypoblast migration and epiblast survival in vitro, even in the absence of agarose coating. Cells expressing the pluripotency marker SOX2 were observed in ~56% of the embryos and ~25% developed embryonic disc-like structures formed by SOX2+ cells. In summary, here we provide a culture system that supports trophectoderm proliferation, hypoblast migration and epiblast survival after the blastocyst stage.
Inhibition of Methyltransferase DOT1L Sensitizes to Sorafenib Treatment AML Cells Irrespective of MLL-Rearrangements: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Pediatric AML

Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis for which there are few effective targeted approaches, despite the numerous genetic alterations, including MLL gene rearrangements (MLL-r). The histone methyltransferase DOT1L is involved in supporting the proliferation of MLL-r cells, for which a target inhibitor, Pinometostat, has been evaluated in a clinical trial recruiting pediatric MLL-r leukemic patients. However, modest clinical effects have been observed. Recent studies have reported that additional leukemia subtypes lacking MLL-r are sensitive to DOT1L inhibition. Here, we report that targeting DOT1L with Pinometostat sensitizes pediatric AML cells to further treatment with the multi-kinase inhibitor Sorafenib, irrespectively of MLL-r. DOT1L pharmacologic inhibition induces AML cell differentiation and modulates the expression of genes with relevant roles in cancer development. Such modifications in the transcriptional program increase the apoptosis and growth suppression of both AML cell lines and primary pediatric AML cells with diverse genotypes. Through ChIP-seq analysis, we identified the genes regulated by DOT1L irrespective of MLL-r, including the Sorafenib target BRAF, providing mechanistic insights into the drug combination activity. Our results highlight a novel therapeutic strategy for pediatric AML patients.
IMVAMUNE® and ACAM2000® Provide Different Protection against Disease When Administered Postexposure in an Intranasal Monkeypox Challenge Prairie Dog Model

The protection provided by smallpox vaccines when used after exposure to Orthopoxviruses is poorly understood. Postexposu re administration of 1st generation smallpox vaccines was effective during eradication. However, historical epidemiological reports and animal studies on postexposure vaccination are difficult to extrapolate to today’s populations, and 2nd and 3rd generation vaccines, developed after eradication, have not been widely tested in postexposure vaccination scenarios. In addition to concerns about preparedness for a potential malevolent reintroduction of variola virus, humans are becoming increasingly exposed to naturally occurring zoonotic orthopoxviruses and, following these exposures, disease severity is worse in individuals who never received smallpox vaccination. This study investigated whether postexposure vaccination of prairie dogs with 2nd and 3rd generation smallpox vaccines was protective against monkeypox disease in four exposure scenarios. We infected animals with monkeypox virus at doses of 104 pfu (2× LD50) or 106 pfu (170× LD50) and vaccinated the animals with IMVAMUNE® or ACAM2000® either 1 or 3 days after challenge. Our results indicated that postexposure vaccination protected the animals to some degree from the 2× LD50, but not the 170× LD5 challenge. In the 2× LD50 challenge, we also observed that administration of vaccine at 1 day was more effective than administration at 3 days postexposure for IMVAMUNE®, but ACAM2000® was similarly effective at either postexposure vaccination time-point. The effects of postexposure vaccination and correlations with survival of total and neutralizing antibody responses, protein targets, take formation, weight loss, rash burden, and viral DNA are also presented.
Observation Model for Indoor Positioning

The IEEE 802.11mc WiFi standard provides a protocol for a cellphone to measure its distance from WiFi access points (APs). The position of the cellphone can then be estimated from the reported distances using known positions of the APs. There are several “multilateration” methods that work in relatively open environments. The problem is harder in a typical residence where signals pass through walls and floors. There, Bayesian cell update has shown particular promise. The Bayesian grid update method requires an “observation model” which gives the conditional probability of observing a reported distance given a known actual distance. The parameters of an observation model may be fitted using scattergrams of reported distances versus actual distance. We show here that the problem of fitting an observation model can be reduced from two dimensions to one. We further show that, perhaps surprisingly, a “double exponential” observation model fits real data well. Generating the test data involves knowing not only the positions of the APs but also that of the cellphone. Manual determination of positions can limit the scale of test data collection. We show here that “boot strapping,” using results of a Bayesian grid update method as a proxy for the actual position, can provide an accurate observation model, and a good observation model can nearly double the accuracy of indoor positioning. Finally, indoors, reported distance measurements are biased to be mostly longer than the actual distances. An attempt is made here to detect this bias and compensate for it.
Student–Teacher Relationships and Students’ Externalizing and Internalizing Behaviors: A Cross‐Lagged Study in Secondary Education

The present study examined reciprocal influences between student–teacher relationship quality and students’ externalizing and internalizing behaviors in secondary education. Our sample included 1,219 secondary school students (49.1% boys; M age = 13.53, SD = 1.77) from seventh, eighth, tenth, and eleventh grade. Students reported about their externalizing and internalizing behaviors and the quality of the relationships (closeness, conflict) with their Dutch and math teachers at three occasions within one school year. Cross‐lagged path models showed positive reciprocal associations between conflict with the math teacher and externalizing behavior over time. For the Dutch teacher, externalizing behavior positively predicted conflict over time, but not the other way around. Externalizing behavior also negatively predicted closeness with both teachers over time.
Milk Replacer Supplementation with Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgae Does Not Affect Growth and Immune Status in Goat Kids

Simple Summary The consumption of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has beneficial effects on human health. Meat from suckling goat kids is highly valuable, especially in Mediterranean countries. Based on this, several strategies have been implemented to increase the content of DHA in foodstuffs such as meat and meat products. Several studies have observed how feeding diverse sources of DHA can improve the fatty acid profile in goat kid meat. However, few studies have focused on the effect of using these DHA supplements on growth and the immune system development in these animals. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of DHA supplementation on growth and the immune system development in newborn goat kids. The current study showed that the DHA supplementation did not affect either growth or the immune status of goat kids during the first 35 days of life. Abstract Consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has beneficial effects for consumers’ health. Consequently, there is an increased interest in enhancing meat fatty acid profiles (i.e., PUFA and DHA content) through diverse nutritional strategies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementing a microalgae-derived product rich in DHA on growth and immune system development in newborn goat kids. In this experiment, newborn goat kids were fed milk replacer (MR) supplemented with three levels of a microalgae-derived product rich in DHA (DHA-Gold®, Martek Biosciences, MD, USA). Groups were designed as follows: MR-NS (milk replacer without DHA-Gold® supplementation; n = 10), MR-DHA-9 (9 g of DHA-Gold®/L milk replacer; n = 10) and MR-DHA-18 (18 g of DHA-Gold®/L milk replacer; n = 10). The immune status of the kids was evaluated by the plasma IgG and IgM concentrations, as well as by the complement system and chitotriosidase activities. Dietary supplementation with DHA did not affect either growth or innate and humoral immunity (p > 0.05). This study concludes that supplementation with DHA does not cause negative effects on growth and immune status in newborn goat kids.
Validity of the Stryd Power Meter in Measuring Running Parameters at Submaximal Speeds

This study assessed the Stryd running power meter validity at sub-maximal speeds (8 to 19 km/h). Six recreational runners performed an incremental indoor running test. Power output (PO), ground contact time (GCT) and leg spring stiffness (LSS) were compared to reference measures recorded by portable metabolic analyser, force platforms and motion capture system. A Bayesian framework was conducted for systems validity and comparisons. We observed strong and positive linear relationships between Stryd PO and oxygen consumption (R2=0.82, BF10>100), and between Stryd PO and external mechanical power (R2=0.88, BF10>100). Stryd power meter underestimated PO (BF10>100) whereas GCT and LSS values did not show any significant differences with the reference measures (BF10=0.008, BF10=0.007, respectively). We conclude that the Stryd power meter provides valid measures of GCT and LSS but underestimates the absolute values of PO.
Intermittent Control for Quasisynchronization of Delayed Discrete-Time Neural Networks

This article visits the intermittent quasisynchronization control of delayed discrete-time neural networks (DNNs). First, an event-dependent intermittent mechanism is originally designed, which is described by the Lyapunov function and three non-negative real regions. The distinctive feature is that the controller starts to work only when the trajectory of the Lyapunov function goes into the presupposed work region. The proposed method fundamentally changes the principle of the existing intermittent control schemes. Under the proposed framework of the intermittent mechanism, the work/rest time of the controller is aperiodic, unpredictable, and initial value dependent. Second, several succinct sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities are developed to achieve the quasisynchronization of the considered DNNs. A simple optimization algorithm is established to compute the control gains and the Lyapunov matrices such that synchronization error is stabilized to the smallest convergence region. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the designed intermittent mechanism.
Childhood maltreatment and expressive flexibility: specific effects of threat and deprivation?

ABSTRACT While childhood maltreatment has been consistently associated with a high risk for psychopathology, the mechanisms underlying this relation are still unclear. Dysfunctional emotion regulation has been singled out as a potential mechanism and recent perspectives emphasise the importance of measuring flexibility over habitual patterns of regulating strategies when assessing it. The present study has investigated the relation between childhood maltreatment and expressive flexibility, the ability to control emotional expression according to situational demands. Participants completed a retrospective self-report maltreatment questionnaire, which measured levels of childhood abuse and neglect, and an experimental task, which measured expressive flexibility. Depressive symptoms and trait anxiety were also evaluated. Results indicated an association between childhood maltreatment and reduced expressive flexibility. When investigated separately, both abuse and neglect were associated with reduced expressive flexibility, but when analyzed concurrently, only the former relation remained significant. Expressive flexibility negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. Our findings suggest that childhood maltreatment, a distal risk factor for psychopathology, impacts expressive flexibility, a form of emotion regulation flexibility.
Risk Factors of Leishmania Infection among HIV-Infected Patients in Trang Province, Southern Thailand: A Study on Three Prevalent Species.

There are two main species of Leishmania reported in Thailand, that is, Leishmania siamensis and Leishmania martiniquensis. Moreover, leishmaniasis cases caused by Leishmania donovani complex were also reported. There is still a lack of information concerning risk factors of Leishmania infection in Thailand. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of Leishmania infection caused by these three species among HIV-infected patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in HIV clinic at Trang Hospital, Thailand. Nested PCR and sequencing were performed to detect Leishmania DNA in blood and saliva samples and identify Leishmania species. A standardized questionnaire was used to interview individuals. A total of 526 patients were recruited in this study. Sixty-three (12%) were positive for L. siamensis, 24 (4.6%) were positive for L. martiniquensis, and 23 (4.4%) were positive for L. donovani complex. Risk factors of L. siamensis infection included using intravenous drug (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.01, 95% CI: 1.01-4.02). Risk factors of L. martiniquensis infection included female gender (AOR 4.23, 95% CI: 1.52-11.75), using recreational drug (AOR 3.43, 95% CI: 1.00-11.74), and having comorbidities (AOR 4.94, 95% CI: 2.00-12.21). Risk factors of L. donovani complex infection included having opportunistic infection (AOR 4.22, 95% CI: 1.00-17.79), CD4 count 200-500 cells/mm3 (AOR 3.64, 95% CI: 1.14-6.86), and not using insect repellent (AOR 3.04, 95% CI: 1.08-8.58). This study identified the risk factors of Leishmania infection caused by three Leishmania species in Thailand. The data could be useful for disease prevention and control. Further studies on trends of Leishmania infection and preventive measures are recommended.
Achievement of the target serum urate level among patients with gout treated with allopurinol or febuxostat in an arthritis clinic in the Philippines

Abstract Objective Gout is an important cause of disability among Filipinos, despite measures for effective management. This study aims to determine attainment of target serum uric acid level (SUA ≤ 6 mg/dl) among patients with gout given urate-lowering therapy (ULT) over 6–12 months. Methods This is a single-center, prospective cohort study conducted in one adult Arthritis Clinic at the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital which included 138 patients with gout (1977 ACR criteria), SUA ≥ 6 mg/dl prior to ULT, initiated on ULT (allopurinol or febuxostat), with six months minimum follow-up and with SUA determination post-treatment. Results 37.7% (52/138) and 36.2% (50/138), achieved target SUA at 6 and 12 months. The factors associated with achieving target SUA in 6 months are BMI > 25 kg/m2 [OR 6.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–33.88, p value = . 016], allopurinol dose ≥ 300 mg (OR 15.76, 95% CI 2.24–111.06, p value = .006), and baseline SUA (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33–0.82, p value = .005). The factors associated with achieving target SUA in 12 months are employment (OR 5.51, 95% CI 1.00–30.33, p value = .050), baseline SUA (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.28–0.74, p value = .002), and age at onset of gout (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.15, p value = .026). Conclusion Target SUA level was not achieved at 6 and 12 months of ULT in most of this cohort. This mirrors the deficient control of gout and should urge health professionals to fully study and address the problem.
A REVIEW OF THE DASYURID MARSUPIAL GENUS ANTECHINOMYS KREFFT

Le Statut des deux especes d£crites est discuto ainsi que les variations geOgraphiques ä l'intorieur du genre Antechinomys. Les deux especes sont juge*es valables : spenceri, forme tres ropandue en Australie occidentale, peuple les plaines dösertiques, et laniger, forme Orientale, habite la savane. Les anteurs, apres avoir docrit les conditions d'habitat n£cessaires ä la vie de ces inarsupiaux, suggerent un certain nombre de mesures ä prendre pour la conservation de ces especes.
Demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft with or without platelet-rich fibrin in the treatment of mandibular Degree II furcation defects: A clinical and cone beam computed tomography study

Background: Currently, there is no gold-standard regenerative material for the treatment of furcation defects. The use of bone grafts in combination with guided tissue regeneration membrane is a predictable treatment option but is expensive. Platelet concentrates are increasingly being used owing to their ease of use and cost-effectiveness. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to augment the regenerative effects exerted by demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in the treatment of mandibular degree II furcation defects. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight defects in 14 patients with bilateral Degree II mandibular furcation defects were included in the study. The test group was treated with a combination of DFDBA and PRF, while in the control group DFDBA was used alone. Clinical parameters such as probing depth, relative vertical clinical attachment level, relative horizontal clinical attachment level (RHCAL), gingival margin level (GML), plaque index, and sulcus bleeding index were measured at baseline and 6 months. Radiographic parameters, such as vertical defect depth, horizontal defect depth and defect fill, were measured using cone beam computed tomography, taken at baseline and 6 months. Statistical Analysis Used: The intragroup and intergroup comparisons were done using the paired t-test. Results: The intergroup comparison of mean change in the parameters showed, statistically significant difference in RHCAL (<0.001) and GML (0.014), and no significant difference in other parameters. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, PRF seems to favor soft-tissue healing but has no additional benefit in bone regeneration when used in combination with DFDBA.
Increased greenhouse gas emissions intensity of major croplands in China: Implications for food security and climate change mitigation

Balancing crop production and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture soil requires a better understanding and quantification of crop GHG emissions intensity, a measure of GHG emissions per unit crop production. Here we conduct a state‐of‐the‐art estimate of the spatial‐temporal variability of GHG emissions intensities for wheat, maize, and rice in China from 1949 to 2012 using an improved agricultural ecosystem model (Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model‐Agriculture Version 2.0) and meta‐analysis covering 172 field‐GHG emissions experiments. The results show that the GHG emissions intensities of these croplands from 1949 to 2012, on average, were 0.10–1.31 kg CO2‐eq/kg, with a significant increase rate of 1.84–3.58 × 10–3 kg CO2‐eq kg−1 year−1. Nitrogen fertilizer was the dominant factor contributing to the increase in GHG emissions intensity in northern China and increased its impact in southern China in the 2000s. Increasing GHG emissions intensity implies that excessive fertilizer failed to markedly stimulate crop yield increase in China but still exacerbated soil GHG emissions. This study found that overfertilization of more than 60% was mainly located in the winter wheat–summer maize rotation systems in the North China Plain, the winter wheat–rice rotation systems in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and southwest China, and most of the double rice systems in the South. Our simulations suggest that roughly a one‐third reduction in the current N fertilizer application level over these “overfertilization” regions would not significantly influence crop yield but decrease soil GHG emissions by 29.60%–32.50% and GHG emissions intensity by 0.13–0.25 kg CO2‐eq/kg. This reduction is about 29% and 5% of total agricultural soil GHG emissions in China and the world, respectively. This study suggests that improving nitrogen use efficiency would be an effective strategy to mitigate GHG emissions and sustain China's food security.
Teaching Competence in Counseling: A Focus on the Supervisory Process

Abstract This article discusses the role counseling plays in clinical education. Counseling is considered an essential skill for practicing speech-language pathologists (SLPs), yet few accredited programs have a course devoted to it. Counseling is included as a domain in the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Scope of Practice and SLPs are the most qualified professionals to support individuals dealing with the social and emotional consequences of a speech, language, or swallowing problem. There is limited research regarding student and clinical supervisor training in using counseling skills. Many clinical supervisors have not had a course in counseling, much less training in how to teach counseling skills to students in clinical practica. Four models of infusing counseling strategies into clinical practica are presented. This article highlights the need for an established course in counseling for SLP students-in-training and for supervisors in the art of teaching counseling skills in clinical practica.