Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The possibility of time resonance (explosion) phenomena in high-energy nuclear reactions

This study shows that the exponential decrease of the energy spectra, accompanied by slight oscillations, with final-fragment energy in high-energy nuclear reaction, and independent of fragments, targets, projectiles, and projectile energies, can be explained under some conditions in the range of strongly overlapping compound resonances by a new phenomenon of time resonances (explosions). These time resonances (explosions) correspond to the formation of a few highly-excited, non-exponentially decaying nuclear clots (partial compound nuclei consisting of certain small groups of target and projectile nucleons). The proposed approach is an alternative way of analyzing experimental data compared with the majority of known descriptions (for instance, fireball models). This is a new and more general version of the time-evolution approach compared with the Izumo-Araseki time compound-nucleus model.
Work-Life Balance in Relation to Workload Experience and Work-Life Programme: A Study in a Government Ministry of Malaysia

This study focused on the work-life balance and gender which was tested using t-test; andwork-life balance in relation to workload experience at workplace, and work-life programmevalued as important among staff at Ministry of Youth and Sports in Putrajaya, both of whichwere measured using Pearson correlation. The findings indicated that staff at the Ministryexperienced a balance in their work-life, regardless of gender, while having intermediate levelof workload at the workplace. The relationship between workload and work-life balanceamong staff was negatively correlated. Although work-life balance was reported at asatisfying level, none of the work-life programmes valued by the employees were associatedsignificantly with work-life balance experienced by them. Nevertheless, there is hope thatprogrammes valued by staff as important to them and capable of reducing workload levels areapplicable for future consideration by respective parties in implementing policies related tothe work-life programme.
On Contact Submanifolds in Complex Projective Spaces

We treat n‐dimensional real submanifolds of complex projective spaces in the case when the maximal holomorphic tangent subspace is (n ‐ 1)‐dimensional. In particular, we study the case when the induced almost contact structure on a submanifold is contact, we establish a few characteristics of the shape operator with respect to the distinguished vector field and we give one characterization of a contact submanifold in this case
The effect of convective response time on WISHE modes

Abstract Recent research has shown that a variety of wavelike oscillations in the tropics may be explained by instabilities driven by wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE). All such studies to date have implicitly assumed that moist convection is in quasi equilibrium with the flow in question. Here that assumption is relaxed by accounting for a small but nonzero lag between the large-scale forcing of convection and its response. Reaction times as short as 30 minutes damp the higher-frequency Kelvin-like equatorial modes, favoring zonal wavenumbers 1–4, and strongly bias the higher-order modes to westward-propagating disturbances of synoptic scale. An analysis of off-equatorial disturbances reveals a preference for poleward- and westward-propagating modes with wavelengths of the order of 1000 km.
A case‐study of an orographic cyclone south of the Alps during the MAP SOP

The cyclonic formation of IOP15 of the Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP) (6–7 November 1999) is examined with respect to mesoscale features in the geopotential, temperature, wind and precipitation fields. The effect of orography at different scales is evaluated using a mesoscale meteorological model (BOLAM). Model errors are determined by comparing standard and special MAP SOP observations with model output. An Optimal Interpolation reanalysis of the initial condition, aimed at assimilating mesoscale structures, is applied, resulting in an overall reduction of the forecast error, including position of local scale precipitation maximum in the Lago Maggiore target area south of the Alps. Different orography representations have an impact on the error patterns, since it is shown that the Alpine orography largely controls the cyclone growth over the Mediterranean. Particular attention is devoted to the model verification of precipitation and wind fields in the vicinity of the Alps, where special observations allow for fine‐scale analysis. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society
Self-consistent perturbation treatment of impurities and imperfections in metals

A full perturbation treatment of the Dirac density matrix is developed as a basis for selfconsistent calculations in free-electron metals containing localized defects. The present perturbation series is shown to sum to the well-known result for the case of slowly varying potentials. To first order in perturbation theory, exact self-consistent results for the radial density of displaced charge and the Hartree potential in the presence of point singularities have been obtained over a density range sufficient to cover all metals under normal conditions. The basic limitations of Mott’s first-order method, based on the assumption of slowly varying potentials, are shown to be completely removed and the self-consistent density and potential display long-range oscillations. Finally, the application of the present approach to Bloch wave functions rather than plane waves is briefly considered. Friedel’s generalized first-order method, applicable to a band structure, may be obtained from the present theory for sufficiently slowly varying potentials. Unfortunately, such an assumption is seen by comparison with the free-electron findings to lead to serious errors.
Introducing forecast-based public health warnings to promote engagement with air quality risk: a survey of citizens’ attitudes in Cork, Ireland

Abstract Policies aimed at raising the public’s awareness on the causes and consequences of air pollution are crucial to incentivise behavioural change that can benefit the health of people and the environment. Air quality forecasting (AQF) can inform early public health warnings aimed at mitigating exposure to air pollution and promoting behaviours that may be less impactful on air quality (e.g. transport, home heating). Although research in this area is limited, evidence suggests that it is important to understand the factors influencing people’s attitudes towards air quality and the perceived benefits of AQF-based warnings to inform policy on the most optimal ways to engage the public on this matter. As part of the implementation of a local clean air strategy embedding AQF, and guided by information processing theories, this study investigated perceptions of the potential introduction of AQF-based warnings among 509 adults in Cork City (Ireland) via an online survey including quantitative and qualitative questions. Content analysis identified overall positive views, with perceived benefits including education, exposure management, and, to a lesser extent, behavioural change. Quantitative analysis showed moderate levels of concern, low awareness of air quality monitoring and low sense of personal control, thus supporting the need for accessible and actionable messaging. We observed variations in attitudes and engagement preferences based on both socio-demographic and psychological factors. Policy implications are discussed with regards to the importance of positive messaging and diversified communication channels to optimise AQF-based public warnings
A Numerical Model of Deep Moist Convection: Part I. Comparative Experiments for Variable Ambient Moisture and Wind Shear

Abstract This study concerns the influence of ambient conditions upon the behavior of deep moist convection in the atmosphere. By means of a two-dimensional numerical model, an anelastic system of hydrodynamic and thermodynamic equations is integrated in order to simulate convection of the squall-line type. Liquid precipitation and the effect of pressure perturbations upon the buoyancy are included. The joint influence of low-level relative humidity and mid-tropospheric wind shear upon the intensity and persistence of the convection at maturity is investigated. Nine comparative experiments are performed using three values of each parameter, including cases without shear. The various cases are compared with regard to airflow and rainfall patterns. Basic features of the perturbation fields for flow, temperature and pressure are interrelated. It is found that the greater the moisture supply and the weaker the shear, the more intense is the convection in terms of both peak updraft velocity and rainfall rate.
Self- and cross-attention accurately predicts metabolite–protein interactions

Abstract Metabolites regulate activity of proteins and thereby affect cellular processes in all organisms. Despite extensive efforts to catalogue the metabolite–protein interactome in different organisms by employing experimental and computational approaches, the coverage of such interactions remains fragmented, particularly for eukaryotes. Here, we make use of two most comprehensive collections, BioSnap and STITCH, of metabolite–protein interactions from seven eukaryotes as gold standards to train a deep learning model that relies on self- and cross-attention over protein sequences. This innovative protein-centric approach results in interaction-specific features derived from protein sequence alone. In addition, we designed and assessed a first double-blind evaluation protocol for metabolite–protein interactions, demonstrating the generalizability of the model. Our results indicated that the excellent performance of the proposed model over simpler alternatives and randomized baselines is due to the local and global features generated by the attention mechanisms. As a results, the predictions from the deep learning model provide a valuable resource for studying metabolite–protein interactions in eukaryotes.
Acoustic wave levitation: Handling of components

Apart from contact micromanipulation, there exists a large variety of levitation techniques among which standing wave levitation will be proposed as a way to handle (sub)millimetric components. This paper will compare analytical formulas to calculate the order of magnitude of the levitation force. It will then describe digital simulation and experimental levitation setup. Stable levitation of various components (cardboard, steel washer, ball, ceramic capacity, water droplet) was shown along 5 degrees of freedom: The only degree of freedom that could not be mastered was the rotation about the symmetry axis of the acoustic field. More importantly, the present work will show the modification of the orientation of the radial force component in the presence of an object disturbing the acoustic field. This property can be used as a new feeding strategy as it means that levitating components are spontaneously pushed toward grippers in an acoustic plane standing wave.
On Closed Ideals in a Certain Class of Algebras of Holomorphic Functions

Abstract We recently introduced a weighted Banach algebra $\mathcal{A}_{G}^{n}$ of functions that are holomorphic on the unit disc $\mathbb{D}$ , continuous up to the boundary, and of the class ${{C}^{\left( n \right)}}$ at all points where the function $G$ does not vanish. Here, $G$ refers to a function of the disc algebra without zeros on $\mathbb{D}$ . Then we proved that all closed ideals in $\mathcal{A}_{G}^{n}$ with at most countable hull are standard. In this paper, on the assumption that $G$ is an outer function in ${{C}^{\left( n \right)}}\,\left( {\bar{\mathbb{D}}} \right)$ having infinite roots in $\mathcal{A}_{G}^{n}$ and countable zero set ${{h}_{o}}\left( G \right)$ , we show that all the closed ideals $I$ with hull containing ${{h}_{o}}\left( G \right)$ are standard.
An Interplay between Mitochondrial and ER Targeting of a Bacterial Signal Peptide in Plants

Protein targeting is essential in eukaryotic cells to maintain cell function and organelle identity. Signal peptides are a major type of targeting sequences containing a tripartite structure, which is conserved across all domains in life. They are frequently included in recombinant protein design in plants to increase yields by directing them to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or apoplast. The processing of bacterial signal peptides by plant cells is not well understood but could aid in the design of efficient heterologous expression systems. Here we analysed the signal peptide of the enzyme PmoB from methanotrophic bacteria. In plant cells, the PmoB signal peptide targeted proteins to both mitochondria and the ER. This dual localisation was still observed in a mutated version of the signal peptide sequence with enhanced mitochondrial targeting efficiency. Mitochondrial targeting was shown to be dependent on a hydrophobic region involved in transport to the ER. We, therefore, suggest that the dual localisation could be due to an ER-SURF pathway recently characterised in yeast. This work thus sheds light on the processing of bacterial signal peptides by plant cells and proposes a novel pathway for mitochondrial targeting in plants.
A Modularized Voltage Equalizer Based on Phase-Shift Modulation for Series-Connected Battery Strings

The modular design can effectively improve the circuit extensibility and control flexibility of equalizers for long series-connected battery strings. This article proposes a modular battery equalizer based on phase-shift modulation. The LC resonant converters with synchronous rectification are employed as the automatic cell-level equalizer to realize any-cells-to-any-cells (AC2AC) equalization and soft-switching operation, which enhances the balancing speed and efficiency. Different cell-level equalizers are connected with auxiliary windings. The fast equalization between modules is achieved by adjusting the phase shift of driving signals applying for the cell-level equalizers. A prototype with three modules, each consisting of three series cells, is built and tested. Experimental and comparative results confirm the validity and characteristics of the proposed modular equalizer.
Residualized Relative Importance Analysis

The current article notes that the standard application of relative importance analyses is not appropriate when examining the relative importance of interactive or other higher order effects (e.g., quadratic, cubic). Although there is a growing demand for strategies that could be used to decompose the predicted variance in regression models containing such effects, there has been no formal, systematic discussion of whether it is appropriate to use relative importance statistics in such decompositions, and if it is appropriate, how to go about doing so. The purpose of this article is to address this gap in the literature by describing three different yet related strategies for decomposing variance in higher-order multiple regression models—hierarchical F tests (a between-sets test), constrained relative importance analysis (a within-sets test), and residualized relative importance analysis (a between- and within-sets test). Using a previously published data set, we illustrate the different types of inferences these three strategies permit researchers to draw. We conclude with recommendations for researchers seeking to decompose the predicted variance in regression models testing higher order effects.
Sex effect on the fatty acid profile and chemical composition of meat from beef cattle fed a whole shelled corn diet

Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sex on the chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and nutritional indexes of the Longissimus lumborum muscle of feedlot cattle fed a whole shelled corn diet. A total of 40 Nellore cattle were used, of which 20 animals were uncastrated bulls and 20 were heifers, with an average body weight of 411 ± 20.82 and 274 ± 17.80 kg, respectively. The diet was composed of 85 % whole shelled corn and 15 % protein–vitamin–mineral supplement. The chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and the nutritional value of the meat of the animals were evaluated. The chemical composition of the Longissimus lumborum muscle was similar among sexes (p>0.05). Differences were observed in the saturated (17 : 0, 18 : 0, and 21 : 0) and monounsaturated (16 : 1 cis-9, 17 : 1 cis-10, 18 : 1 cis-9, and 18 : 1 trans-7) fatty acid composition between sexes (p<0.05), and the polyunsaturated fatty acid (18 : 2 cis-9 and cis-12, 18:2 cis-9 and trans-11, 20 : 3 n-6, and 22 : 6 n-3) content also showed sex differences (p<0.05). The total number of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher in bulls, and the total number of monounsaturated fatty acids was higher in heifers (p<0.05). Indicators of nutritional quality, such as the n-6 : n-3 ratio, thrombogenicity index, and Δ-9-desaturase C14, Δ-9-desaturase C16, and Δ-9-desaturase C18 indexes, were different between the sexes (p<0.05). In conclusion, sex was not found to influence chemical composition but did affect the fatty acid profile and nutritional indexes in the meat of feedlot cattle fed a whole shelled corn diet.
Dynamic Network Topology Portrait for Digital Twin Optical Network

Digital twin (DT) as one promising technology has been introduced in optical networks, whose role is to achieve interactive functions and intelligent control by building a bridge between physical space and digital space. In this paper, a multifactor-associated network topology portrait (NTP) scheme is proposed to draw a dynamic, real-time, and comprehensive topology representation for DT optical network (DTON). Multiple parameters from nodes and links are jointly evaluated, including link distance, link loss, optical signal-to-noise ratio, bandwidth utilization rate, load capacity, node failure rate, and link failure rate, involving both network layer and physical layer. Based on the NTP, the performance of dynamic routing computation combined with six different routing algorithms is studied, Here, the time for routing computation is sacrificed a little bit in exchange for significant improvements in outage probability, outage latency, and the number of service requests.
The Distribution of the Stein-Rule Estimator in a Model with Non-Normal Disturbances

This paper derives the exact distribution and moments of the Stein-ruleestimator in a model where the disturbances follow a non-normal distribution of the Edgeworth or Gram-Charlier type. The results are achieved by combining the approach of Davis [4] for examining non-normality with the fractional calculus techniques of Phillips [11].
NURSING BABIES TO FIGHT POVERTY: WAGES OF WET NURSES OF SPANISH FOUNDLING HOSPITALS IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES

ABSTRACT Foundling hospitals spread across Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries, taking in hundreds of thousands of children each year. In Spain, the hospitals of major cities had staffs of more than 1,000 external wet nurses, who worked mainly in rural localities. Their cash wages were key for the household economies of the poor rural and urban populations. This article presents a methodology to interpret wet-nurse wages and explains their utility with respect to other occupations for men and women. Our results include a series of nominal and real wages for wet nurses and a calculation of their contributions to family income. The level of wages these institutions could offer was a major determinant in the supply of wet-nurse labour.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Event-Triggered FCS-MPC for Power Converters

This article aims to first focus on an improvement of finite control-set model predictive control strategy for power converters that is based on reinforcement learning event-triggered predictive control architecture with the help of adaptive dynamic programming technique and event-triggered mechanism subject to system uncertainties. Our development, endowed with the merits of reinforcement learning and event-triggered control as well as a predictive control solution, is able to alleviate the issues of parametric uncertainties and high switching frequency inherent in the existing scheme, while retaining the merits of the finite control-set model predictive control. Finally, this proposal is experimentally evaluated, where robust performance tests confirm the interest and applicability of the proposed control methodology.
Microstructure Evolution by Thermomechanical Processing in the Fe-10Al-12V Superalloy

Nowadays, great efforts are being made to develop bcc-superalloys for medium- and high-temperature applications. However, the high brittle-to-ductile transition temperatures (BDTT) have restricted their application. Therefore, designing hot-processing routes to obtain a refined grain in these new superalloys is required. Particularly in the Fe-10Al-12V (at%) alloy, we have recently tested the BDTT shifting and, using physical models, it was indicated that a combination of L21-precipitate sizes with small grain sizes could shift the BDTT below room temperature. Here, we will present the study that allowed us to design the processing route for grain refinement in the tested superalloy. Molds of different geometry and with metallic and sand walls were used to test two different types of casting. Carbide conditioning treatments for improving the sizes and distribution were studied. The recrystallization process was explored first by hot rolling and post-annealing in stepped geometry samples with two different columnar grain orientations. Finally, we analyzed the grain microstructure obtained along a hot processing route consisting of carbide conditioning treatment, forging into a squared bar, and hot rolling up to a 2.8 mm thickness strip.
ON THE EXACT SMALL SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION OF THE INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLE ESTIMATOR

The purpose of this note is to point out that the bimodality is a consequence of the special case considered by N-S. The exact finite sample distribution of the IV estimator has been derived in the economic literature earlier, but its tabulation or plotting involves some assumptions about the nuisance parameters. In this note we plot the densities of the exact finite sample distribution of the IV estimator for several parameter values and show that the bimodality feature noted by N-S is a consequence of a singular covariance matrix and not of a poor instrument.
Coordinated Control for a Group of Interconnected Pairwise Subsystems

The implementation of pairwise decomposition is discussed on an interconnected system with uncertainties. Under the concept of system inclusion, two systems with the same expanded system achieved by the same expand transformation are considered as approximations. It is proven that a coordinated controller can be found to stabilize both the two systems. This controller is contracted from the coordinated controller of expanded system, with each pairwise subsystem having information structure constraint taken into consideration. At last, this controller design process is applied on a four-area power system treated as a group of subsystems with information structure constraints.