Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Academic women and their children: Parenting during
 COVID
 ‐19 and the impact on scholarly productivity

Objective We explored the experiences of academic mothers traversing the simultaneous demands of parenting and their professional roles throughout the pandemic to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on engagement in scholarship. Background In response to reports of reduced scholarship by women across academic disciplines, the goal of this study was to understand the lived experiences of women scholars who identify as mothers. Method Academic women, including faculty and students, completed an online survey with demographic items and open-ended questions. From the collected data, responses from participants who identified as mothers (n = 51) were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Analysis of the data revealed that participants' roles as parents and scholarly women were inextricably intertwined, each serving as foundational components of their identities, a reality highlighted by the exacerbating stressors associated with COVID-19. Altered childcare demands, conflicting roles, and relational changes emerged as consequences of the ongoing pandemic, which compromised participants' ability to effectively attend to different aspects of their identity and sometimes resulted in the development of negative emotions. Conclusion Participants identified additional responsibilities due to the ongoing pandemic. Feeling pulled between their often-conflicting personal and professional identities, academic mothers cited a lack of supportive professional structures, which became more evident during COVID-19, as a barrier to their pursuit of scholarship. Implications This study aligned with previous scholarly documentation of historical gendered bias common within academia. The potential long-term professional impact of these conflated circumstances on academic mothers during the pandemic is discussed, and implications and recommendations for addressing the same via future research are provided.
Anaerobic Treatment for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Covered In-the Ground Anaerobic Reactor (CIGAR)

Wastewater from crude palm oil mills contains high organic matter, which potentially produces biogas through anaerobic digestion processes. The design and operation of an anaerobic bioreactor require a good understanding of the reaction kinetic in the bioreactor. This study aimed to evaluate the biogas production from POME and to determine the kinetic parameters of microbial growth and the substrate utilization rates in a CIGAR. An experiment was conducted using a 5-m3 bioreactor with a working volume of 4.4 m3. Wastewater from the Bekri palm oil mill was stored in a 5-m3 tank. After stabilization, the wastewater was loaded into the reactor at a rate of 100 to 250 L/d, corresponding to a COD loading rate of 1.373-3.097 kg·m-3.d-1, and an HRT of 18-44 days. Monod, Contois, Moser, and Shuler kinetic models were evaluated. The results showed that the Shuler model performed best for microbial activities, while the first order reaction model performed best for the substrate utilization kinetic. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) for the Shuler model was 0.052 d-1 and the saturation constant (Kso) was 0.119. The maximum substrate utilization rate constant (ks) was 2.183 d-1 and biomass yield (Yx/s) 0.024 kg/kg. The maximum average efficiency of anaerobic degradation (34.4%) occurred at a feeding rate of 100 L/d with methane yield of 0.120 Nm3/kg of removed COD. This value is relatively low compared to the maximum potential of 0.350 Nm3/kg CODr.
Comprehensive validation of the FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 electron density profiles and its application to space weather

Comprehensive Validation of the FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 Electron Density Profiles and Its Application to Space Weather I-Te Lee, Jyun-Ying Huang, Hsu-Hui Ho, Wen-How Yeh, Mark Chia-Ping Cheng 1. Advanced Research Center for Earth Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan 2. Central Weather Bureau, Taipei City, Taiwan 3. Department of Space Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan 4. Center for Atmospheric Resource and Disaster Studies, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan 5. National Space Organization, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu County, Taiwan
COVID-19-induced cardiovascular damage differs from other prevalent viruses

Viral infections persist globally, among all ages, gender, and ethnicity. Of particular importance is COVID-19, associated with asymptomatic to severe symptoms, including complications/mortality. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) involves heart and blood vessel disorders including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, thrombosis, and more. CVD associated with severe COVID-19 includes heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease/stroke. Data were acquired from PubMed, Google Scholar, Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, and Lexi-Comp using the search terms “COVID-19 and cardiovascular pathology;” “COVID-19 induced CVD;” “Viral infection induced CVD;” and “Viral infection induced heart damage. ” COVID-19-induced CVD mechanisms include direct viral entry, inflammation, cytokine storm, hypoxia, interferon-mediated immune response, plaque destabilization, stress, and drug-induced causes. Other viral pathologies causing CVD include atherosclerosis, inflammation, cytokine storm, and plaque destabilization. Individual parameters, such as old age, males, and higher body mass index (BMI), are more likely to experience viral-associated complications, possibly explained by patient risk factors or comorbidities. Populations at higher risk include older males with an elevated BMI. Viral mechanisms associated with CVD are similar but differ in disease severity, potentially explained by diverse cytokine profiles where COVID-19 activates different types at higher quantities.
Coping strategy of a single mother in overcoming child inferiority attitude

Inferiority can arise for children who do not get the father’s role, especially when comparing themselves to their friend who still has a father. This study aims to find out the inferiority attitude displayed by children who have a single mother and know the coping strategies of single-parent mothers overcoming the child’s inferiority attitude. The study subjects were three single-parent mothers in Gampong Birem Puntong Kota Langsa whose children had inferiority and families with purposive sampling techniques. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach—data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The data analysis was done by data reduction, data presentation, and verification or inference of data. The results showed that the inferiority displayed by children who have a single mother arises due to losing a father figure. Single mother coping strategies overcome the child’s inferiority by making a plan that is arranged according to the needs of the child, then carrying it out in accordance with the right time, overcoming obstacles when carrying it out, and having the last step in the form of follow-up to evaluate and supervise every development experienced by the child
Revolutionizing New Product Development: Quantum Leaps in Speed, Efficiency, and Quality (Революция в разработке продуктов: количественный скачок в скорости, эффективности и качестве)

Today, a company’s capability to conceive and design quality prototypes and bring a variety of superior products to market quicker than its competitors is increasingly the focal point of competition, contend leading product development experts Steven Wheelwright and Kim Clark. Drawing on six years of in-depth, systematic, worldwide research, they present proven principles for developing the critical capabilities for speed, efficiency, and quality that have worked again and again in scores of successful Japanese, American, and European fast-cycle firms. The authors argue that to survive, let alone succeed, today’s companies must construct a new “platform” – with new methodologies – on which they can compete. Using their model for development strategies, Wheelwright and Clark show that firms can create a solid architecture for the integration of marketing, manufacturing, and design functions for problem solving and fast action – particularly during the critical design-build-test cycles of prototype creation. They demonstrate further how successful firms such as Honda, Compaq, Sony, etc. have employed recent methodologies to bring new products to market at break-neck speed. Such innovations include design for manufacturability, quality function deployment, computer-aided design, and computer-aided engineering. Главная идея, лежащая в основе этой книги, состоит в том, что в современных условиях главным конкурентным оружием компаний является их способность разрабатывать и создавать качественные продукты и представлять их на рынок быстрее, чем конкуренты. Авторы – ведущие специалисты в области разработки новых продуктов – представляют свою модель для разработки стратегий, показывая, что фирмам, особенно на этапе создания прототипов товаров, необходимо интегрировать такие функции как маркетинг, производство и дизайн для успешного и быстрого решения проблем. В книге приводятся примеры того, как успешные компании, такие как "Хонда", "Компак", "Сони" и другие используют современные методологии доведения новых товаров до рынка с головокружительной скоростью
Wireless LAN 802.11x in U.S. educational institutions: Technology adoption and digital divide perspective

The current study of wireless local area networks (WLAN) adoption in educational institutions is motivated by three reasons. First, most students are exposed to information technology when they are at K-12 schools. Indeed, educational institutions represent the largest segment in the WLAN market in the United States in terms of the number of adopters. Second, WLAN requires a substantial financial investment before it can enable an "anytime, anywhere" learning environment, and may thereby aggravate the digital divide between rich and poor schools. Third, although WLAN is infrastructure technology, it has different characteristics compared to other infrastructure information technologies; traditional infrastructure information technologies are mostly located such that they are transparent to the users, whereas WLAN is close to end users, so that they directly experience benefits related to mobility and convenience, which eventually impacts organization boundary and business processes. Recognizing the importance of WLAN and its difference from traditional infrastructure information technologies, this dissertation examines how WLAN adoption (i.e., whether or not to adopt WLAN) and deployment (i.e., the extent to which WLAN is used) are influenced by technological, environmental, organizational factors, socio-economic, and policy-related factors. It is based on an online survey of principals of 435 K-12 elementary, middle, and high schools in Missouri, including 190 adopters of WLAN and 245 schools that have not adopted WLAN. The results indicate that perceived benefit is not a significant predictor of WLAN adoption. Unlike previous research, satisfaction with current wired system positively affects WLAN adoption. Some of socio-economic variables also affect adoption of WLAN. Schools near urbanized areas are more likely to adopt WLAN than the schools near rural areas. Furthermore, the government and state subsidy E-rate positively affect WLAN adoption. When examining the determinants of WLAN deployment, perceived benefits of using WLAN significantly affect WLAN usage. Moreover, perceived benefits and barriers strongly affect satisfaction with WLAN, which in turn affects WLAN usage. Satisfaction from using Kang, Sang-Baek (Chris), 2007, UMSL, p.6 WLAN significantly mediates the effect of various antecedent factors on WLAN usage. Implications of the results for IS researchers, practitioners, marketers, and policy makers are discussed and future avenues of the study are examined. Kang, Sang-Baek (Chris), 2007, UMSL, p.7 <TABLE OF CONTENTS> ABSTRACT. 5
Layer-dependent fracture strength of few-layer WS2 induced by interlayer sliding: a molecular dynamics study

Understanding the relationship between interlayer interactions and the mechanical properties and behaviors of two-dimensional layered materials is critical in the development of related nanodevices. Nevertheless, it is still challenging due to difficulties in experiments. In this work, nanoindentation simulations on few-layer WS2 were conducted by varying the tip radius, suspended membrane radius, and membrane size using a molecular dynamics simulation. Consistent with our previous experimental results, few-layer WS2 exhibited a layer-dependent reduction in fracture strength owing to the uneven stress distribution among individual layers induced by interlayer sliding under out-of-plane deformation. Furthermore, apparent curve hysteresis was observed due to interlayer sliding in the supported region when a large tip radius and membrane radius were employed. However, instead of the supported part, the interlayer sliding within the suspended part resulted in reduced fracture strength with the increase of layer number. These findings not only provide an in-depth comprehension of the influence of interlayer sliding on fracture strength of few-layer WS2, but also suggest that the role of interlayer interactions should be seriously considered during nanodevice design.
Total Fatty Acid and Polar Lipid Species Composition of Human Milk

Human milk lipids are essential for infant health. However, little is known about the relationship between total milk fatty acid (FA) composition and polar lipid species composition. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the relationship between the FA and polar lipid species composition in human milk, with a focus on differences between milk with higher or lower milk fat content. From the Norwegian Human Milk Study (HUMIS, 2002–2009), a subset of 664 milk samples were analyzed for FA and polar lipid composition. Milk samples did not differ in major FA, phosphatidylcholine, or sphingomyelin species percentages between the highest and lowest quartiles of total FA concentration. However, milk in the highest FA quartile had a lower phospholipid-to-total-FA ratio and a lower sphingomyelin-to-phosphatidylcholine ratio than the lowest quartile. The only FAs associated with total phosphatidylcholine or sphingomyelin were behenic and tridecanoic acids, respectively. Milk FA and phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin species containing these FAs showed modest correlations. Associations of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids with percentages of phosphatidylcholine species carrying these FAs support the conclusion that the availability of these FAs limits the synthesis of phospholipid species containing them.
Evaluation and Assessment of Lower Back Pain Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background: Lower back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders requiring medical attention worldwide. More than half of the population will seek medical care for back pain at one point in their lifetime. This study aims to evaluate the causes, risk factors, disability, and management effects among patients with LBP. Methods : This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted in Riyadh’s primary health care clinics. Random sampling technique was used to target males and females, 18 years old or more, living in Riyadh who complained of LBP. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used for the data analysis. Results: The study included 132 participants. Around 52% of patients stop working for at least a month because of LBP. There is a statistically significant relationship between age and osteoporosis as a cause of LBP ( p < 0.001) and between physiotherapy sessions and pain improvement ( p < 0.02). There is no statistically significant relationship between analgesics ( p < 0.226), back injection ( p < 0.092), or surgery ( p < 0.193), and pain improvement. Conclusion: LBP can lead to prolonged absenteeism from work and can be a significant financial burden on the healthcare system. Physiotherapy was found to be perceived to alleviate the symptoms.
Green Infrastructure Development in Urban Areas: Case Studies of Samutsakhon, Krathumbaen and Banphaeo Municipalities in Samut Sakhon Province

Though the development of green infrastructure in parks in Samut Sakhon province has been continuously implemented, there are still no research studies that have explicitly demonstrated the parks’ potential, nor any public opinions toward the development of urban green infrastructure in the parks that would be productive for the planning to efficiently improve and provide urban green infrastructure. As a result, this study had the following objectives: 1) To analyze the potential and networks of urban green infrastructure in parks in Samut Sakhon province, 2) To analyze the satisfaction of using the services and requirements of the urban green infrastructure development in the parks in Samut Sakhon province, and 3) To propose development guidelines in urban green infrastructure for the parks of Samut Sakhon province. The research instruments comprised a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by using a scalogram. The results found that high-potential parks were not large in size, but they had all the complete components, as well as green infrastructure featured in the attributes of patch, matrix, and mosaic. Nevertheless, the green infrastructure development featured in the attribute of the corridor had disappeared in several sites of the green infrastructure in the parks. Likewise, the green networks of the parks, specifically those in the high-potential category, were not successive by walking. For this reason, the people were mostly satisfied with the convenient accessibility of the parks, but there were the requirements of paving the footpath, improving the landscape, and adding a variety of activities in the parks. Therefore, the development guidelines of urban green infrastructure in the parks should formulate more areas in the attribute of the corridor at the riverside and on the streets, conserve and increase the park areas by allowing public participation in the management, as well as apply urban planning measures to obtain the park area. In addition, a footpath and bike lane should be safely constructed in the high-potential parks. Simultaneously, the landscape should be adjusted in the low- and moderate-potential parks by launching pilot projects in the parks of the governmental agencies.
ABC-Type Triblock Copolyacrylamides via Copper-Mediated Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization

The aqueous Cu(0)-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) of triblock copolymers with two block sequences at 0.0 °C is reported herein. Well-defined triblock copolymers initiated from PHEAA or PDMA, containing (A) 2-hydroxyethyl acrylamide (HEAA), (B) N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and (C) N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), were synthesized. The ultrafast one-pot synthesis of sequence-controlled triblock copolymers via iterative sequential monomer addition after full conversion, without any purification steps throughout the monomer additions, was performed. The narrow dispersities of the triblock copolymers proved the high degree of end-group fidelity of the starting macroinitiator and the absence of any significant undesirable side reactions. Controlled chain length and extremely narrow molecular weight distributions (dispersity ~1.10) were achieved, and quantitative conversion was attained in as little as 52 min. The full disproportionation of CuBr in the presence of Me6TREN in water prior to both monomer and initiator addition was crucially exploited to produce a well-defined ABC-type triblock copolymer. In addition, the undesirable side reaction that could influence the living nature of the system was investigated. The ability to incorporate several functional monomers without affecting the living nature of the polymerization proves the versatility of this approach.
Sociology of Everyday Life with Uncertainty and Differences during the Covid-19 Pandemic Process: The Case of Turkey Retirees Association

The measures taken immediately after the declaration of Covid-19 as a Pandemic, especially the elderly, those with chronic diseases, women, children and the disabled were most affected. The primary aim of this article is to reveal the difficulties and uncertainties experienced by retirees over the age of 65, and the tactics and strategies of coping with them in daily life, with a relational and reflexive sociological perspective during the 2020-2021 Pandemic process. In accordance with the mixed design principles in the research, both in-depth interviews (qualitative research) and questionnaires (quantitative research) were conducted with participants over the age of 65 who are members of the Ankara Branch of the Turkey Retirees Association. In accordance with the grounded theory methodology applied in the qualitative part of the research, after the social, economic and psychological problems of the elderly were revealed in detail with open and axial coding, the core concept of solidarity was reached. Finally, the life story of the retirees was written using the tree metaphor. Findings supported by quantitative data are discussed with the relational sociological literature on the basis of uncertainty and differences, and how the elderly people hold on to life with the strategies and tactics they apply is revealed.
MTurk ‘Unscrubbed’: Exploring the Good, the ‘Super’, and the Unreliable on Amazon's Mechanical Turk

Widely accepted as a low-cost, fast-turnaround solution with acceptable validity, Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is increasingly being used to source participants for academic studies (Berinsky et al. 2012; Bohannon 2011; Chandler et al. 2014; Mason and Suri 2012). Yet two commonly raised concerns remain: the presence of quasi-professional respondents, or “Super-Turkers”, and the presence of “Spammers”, those that compromise quality while optimising their pay rate. We isolate the influence on research results of experienced subjects (Super-Turkers), and of unreliable subjects (Spammers), jointly and separately. Jointly including these subjects produces very similar results to jointly excluding them, yet effect sizes decrease disproportionately to their sample representation. Furthermore, separately including experienced subjects in research results is shown to be as problematic as inclusion of unreliable subjects, although the noise introduced by these subjects is divergent and measure dependent. Hence removing only one of these types of respondents can be even more damaging to the reliability of results, than including both.
Overcoming Barriers to Including Agricultural Workers in the Co‐Design of New AgTech: Lessons from a COVID‐19‐Present World

Collaborative design (co-design) is a design strategy for generating relevant and socially acceptable technologies, and is inherently political by nature of its inclusion of particular groups and interests. This paper explores how to ethically and responsibly prepare for, notice and overcome barriers to including agricultural workers in the co-design of new agricultural technologies. Drawing from feminist science and technology studies (STS), we offer response-able mattering as an analytic tool to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic caused and illuminated existing barriers to inclusion within an Aotearoa New Zealand-based co-design project. We argue that addressing barriers to inclusion requires prioritizing relationships and relationship building in technology design projects. This prioritization must account for a multiplicity of relationship building tempos (e.g., the time/pace necessary to ethically establish and maintain research relationships), temporal tensions (e.g., the pace of technology development versus the ability to meaningfully include collaborators), and un/intended relational cuts (e.g., boundaries or barriers affecting relationship building).