Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Actinidia chinensis Planch Root extract suppresses the growth and metastasis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibiting E2F Transcription Factor 1-mediated MNX1 antisense RNA 1

ABSTRACT Increasing evidence has shown that traditional Chinese medicines and their bioactive components exert an anti-tumor effect, representing a novel treatment strategy. Actinidia chinensis Planch Root extracts (acRoots) have been reported to repress cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. The effect of acRoots on hypopharyngeal carcinoma progression was explored in this study. Firstly, data from MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and colony formation assays showed that incubation with accRoots reduced cell proliferation of hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Moreover, acRoots promoted the cell apoptosis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Secondly, cell migration and invasion of hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells were suppressed by acRoots. Thirdly, E2F1 (E2F Transcription Factor 1) and lncRNA MNX1-AS1 (MNX1 antisense RNA 1) were up-regulated in hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissues, and reduced in hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells post acRoots incubation. Overexpression of E2F1 attenuated acRoots-induced decrease in MNX1-AS1 in hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Lastly, administration with acRoots retarded in vivo hypopharyngeal carcinoma growth through down-regulation of E2F1-mediated MNX1-AS1. In conclusion, acRoots exerted tumor-suppressive role in hypopharyngeal carcinoma through inhibition of E2F1-mediated MNX1-AS1. Graphical abstract
Holmium: YAG Laser in the Management of Impacted Ureteral Stones HYLe Study

Background: Holmium: yttrium-aluminium-garnet (YAG) laser is considered cost-effective and efficient choice in ureteroscopic lithotripsy on all types of stones. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of Holmium: YAG laser in impacted ureteral stones. Methods: We conducted a prospective case series at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT) Pakistan from 1st October 2016 till 30th September 2017. All adult patients between 18 to 60 years of age with single <20mm ureteral stone impacted for more than one month. The primary outcomes include stone-free and recurrence of ureteric stone during two-year follow-up. Analyses performed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: A total of 117 patients recruited, of which most were males (61,52.14%). The average duration of disease was 7.82±1.79 months, with a stone size of 12.49±3.8 mm. Most of the stones were located in the middle of the ureter (56,47.86%). Holmium: YAG laser for treatment was effective in 99 (84.62%) cases, and efficacy above 80% in all age groups, but the insignificant difference was observed between both gender, location, duration of disease, size of the stone, use of a guidewire and the different catheter. All of the patients were found to be stone-fragment free at six weeks. The ureteral injury was observed (4,3.41%) and recurrence rate in the same ureter was found in a total of 5 (4.27%) patients. Conclusions: Holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy may be considered a safe and effective first-line therapy for impacted ureteral stones, avoiding futile repetition and complication of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Keyword: ureteroscopic lithotripsy, stone-fragment, YAG laser lithotripsy.
Adjusting cyber insurance premiums based on frequency in a communication network

This study compares cyber insurance premiums with and without a communication network effect frequency. As a cybersecurity factor, the frequency in a communication network influences the speed of cyberattack transmission. It means that a network or a high activity node is more vulnerable than a network with low activity. Traditionally, cyber insurance pricing considers historical data to set premiums or rates. Conversely, the network security level can evaluate using the Monte Carlo simulation based on the epidemic model. This simulation requires spreading parameters, such as infection rate, recovery rate, and self-infection rate. Our idea is to modify the infection rate as a function of the frequency in a communication network. The node-based model uses probability distributions for the communication mechanism to generate the data. It adopts the co-purchase network formation in market basket analysis for building weighted edges and nodes. Simulations are used to compare the initial and modified infection rates. This paper considered prism and Petersen graph topology as case studies. The relative difference is a metric to compare the significance of premium adjustment. The results show that the premium for a node with a low level in a communication network can reach 28.28% lower than the initial premium. The premium can reach 20.99% lower than the initial network premium for a network. Based on these results, insurance companies can adjust cyber insurance premiums based on computer usage to offer a more appropriate price.
Influence of landscape moisture sources and topography on rock weathering patterns associated with wildfire

From 9 March 2015, a wildfire burned an area of 25.7 km2, or approximately half of the Jonkershoek catchment (Western Cape, South Africa), over the course of 3 days. During this period, large areas of fynbos and commercial forest plantations were razed, and rocks, including boulders and smaller rocks, were exposed to high temperatures. While a substantial body of work has been carried out to investigate the effects of wildfire on landscape development, less is known about the effect of wildfire on rock weathering within a landscape. Previous studies have reported the overall effect of wildfire on rock deterioration, but the effect of intra‐fire temperature differences associated with heat behaviour on a slope has not been sufficiently addressed. In this study we investigate the effects of topography and proximity to moisture on rock deterioration processes. In particular, we focus on the use of in‐field rock deterioration measurements and GIS to investigate the relative influences of distance from burn source, distance from moisture source and topographical positioning of the sample site. The results indicate that boulder size and lithology are of secondary importance to the placement of fire‐affected rocks within the wider topography of the landscape, and that rock exposure to moisture, also a function of landscape position, is likely to exacerbate the response of the rocks to heat. No direct correlation was observed between the type and severity of the outwardly visible damage sustained on the sampled rocks, and the size, lithology or proximity to burn source. We argue that these findings call for a re‐evaluation of fire‐related damage in the wider context of rock response as a function of topographical variations.
‘You Can’t Eat Soap’: Reimagining COVID-19, Work, Family and Employment from the Global South

This article problematises the assumptions regarding work, family and employment that underlie the World Health Organization (WHO)’s COVID-19 guidelines. The scientific evidence grounding sanitary and social distancing recommendations is embedded in conceptualisations of work as skilled jobs in the formal economy and of family as urban and nuclear. These are Global North rather than universal paradigms. We build on theories from the South and an intersectional analysis of gender and class inequalities to highlight contextual complexities currently neglected in responses to COVID-19. We argue that building on both science and local knowledge can help democratise workable solutions for a range of different work, family and employment realities in the Global South. Finally, we propose a research agenda calling for strengthened North–South dialogue to provincialise knowledge, account for differences in histories, locality and resource-availability, and foster greater local participation in policy formulation regarding sanitary measures and vaccination campaigns.
The Planck clusters in the LOFAR sky. I. LoTSS-DR2: new detections and sample overview

Context. Relativistic electrons and magnetic ﬁelds permeate the intra-cluster medium (ICM) and manifest themselves as di ﬀ use sources of synchrotron emission observable at radio wavelengths, namely radio halos and radio relics. Although there is broad consensus that the formation of these sources is connected to turbulence and shocks in the ICM, the details of the required particle acceleration, the strength and morphology of the magnetic ﬁeld in the cluster volume, and the inﬂuence of other sources of high-energy particles are poorly known. Aims. Su ﬃ ciently large samples of radio halos and relics, which would allow us to examine the variation among the source population and pin-point their commonalities and di ﬀ erences, are still missing. At present, due to the physical properties of the sources and the capabilities of existing facilities, large numbers of these sources are easiest to detect at low radio frequencies, where they shine brightly. Methods. We examined the low-frequency radio emission from all 309 clusters in the second catalog of Planck Sunyaev Zel’dovich detected sources that lie within the 5634deg 2 covered by the Second Data Release of the LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey (LoTSS-DR2). We produced LOFAR images at di ﬀ erent resolutions, with and without discrete sources subtracted, and created overlays with optical and X-ray images before classifying the di ﬀ use sources in the ICM, guided by a decision tree. Results. Overall, we found 83 clusters that host a radio halo and 26 that host one or more radio relics (including candidates). About half of them are new discoveries. The detection rate of clusters that host a radio halo and one or more relics in our sample is 30 ± 11% and 10 ± 6%, respectively. Extrapolating these numbers, we anticipate that once LoTSS covers the entire northern sky it will provide the detection of 251 ± 92 clusters that host a halo and 83 ± 50 clusters that host at least one relic from Planck clusters alone. All images and results produced in this work are publicly available via the project website.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Lesson Study for Learning Community Berdasarkan Gaya Belajar Kolb

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisis tingkat kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa ditinjau berdasarkan gaya belajar setelah pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Lesson Study for Learning Community pada siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Medan; 2) Untuk menganalisis kesalahan dan kesulitan yang dialami siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Medan dalam menyelesaikan soal kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa ditinjau dari gaya belajar setelah pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Lesson Study for Learning Community. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini melibatkan siswa kelas XI MIA SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Medan yang diberi perlakuan pembelajaran Lesson Study for Learnig Community pada semester genap Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022 yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Dari hasil klasifikasi gaya belajar, pada gaya belajar divergen lebih banyak dari pada gaya belajar yang lain. Namun gaya belajar divergen bukanlah gaya belajar yang mendapatkan nilai tertinggi dalam tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah, akan tetapi gaya belajar konvergen yang mendapatkan nilai tertinggi dalam hal tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. ; 2) Siswa converger, diverger, accommodator, dan assimilator mampu memecahkan masalah dengan melalui tahap memahami masalah dengan mengetahui apa yang diketahui dan ditanyakan pada masalah serta mampu menjelaskan masalah dengan kalimat sendiri.
Evidence-Based Care Can Improve Treatment Compliance and Quality of Life of Patients with Acute Pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis represents a disease characterized by acute necro-inflammatory changes in the pancreas, which is histologically characterized by destruction of alveolar cells. We aim to explore whether evidence-based care can improve treatment compliance and quality of life of patients with acute pancreatitis. The changes of hemoglobin (HGB), serum pre-albumin (PAB), and serum albumin (ALB) before and after care were observed, as well as the incidence of complications after care, total effective rate after care, disease severity (bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis, BISAP) before and after care, and psychological scores of the two groups before and after care were observed. Patients' compliance after care, self-management scores after care, and quality of life after care were compared between the two groups. After care, HGB, PAB, and ALB increased significantly in both groups (p < 0.05) and were higher in OG than CG. Compared with CG, OG had significantly lower incidence of complications (p=0.009), significantly higher total effective rate (p=0.011), significantly lower disease severity (p < 0.05), significantly better psychological condition scores (p < 0.05), significantly higher compliance scores (p < 0.05), higher self-management scores (p < 0.05), and significantly higher quality of life (p < 0.001). Evidence-based care can improve treatment compliance of patients with acute pancreatitis and can effectively improve their quality of life.
Tacit Knowledge in Military Leadership: A Review of the Literature.

Abstract : This report reviews the theory of tacit knowledge and its theoretical and empirical background. The authors propose a three category structure for the tacit knowledge in military leadership: intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational. That structure was derived from instances of leadership tacit knowledge inferred from a review of military trade journals, military 'lessons learned' publications, and military memoirs. The report presents instances for the three categories. The proposed structure and representing instances are discussed in terms of (1) tacit knowledge in civilian business management; (2) U.S. Army leadership doctrine; (3) applicability across organizational levels of the U.S. Army (battalion, company, and platoon); and (4) the likelihood of further elaboration and replication of the proposed structure with application of other data collection methods. (RWJ) ( SF-298)
Metacognitive writing strategies for vocational high school students

English writing task for students is considered as the most complex task since they need to combine all English skills on writing construction. Metacognition, the highest order thinking, has to be in writing strategies (planning, monitoring, evaluating). The students who use their metacognition can know which effective writing strategies on doing their writing task. This research aims to elaborate on whether there are significant differences between high and low achievers in writing in using metacognitive writing strategies or not. The researcher selects the Ex-Post Facto research and two instruments; (1) writing test – descriptive text to differentiate between high and low achievers in writing (2) questionnaire – to identify the most and the least uses of metacognitive writing strategies. With the Independent T-test for analyzing the data, the findings are. (1) The uses of metacognitive writing strategies and students’ writing performance are not significantly different. The mean of each strategy had been compared to the mean of students’ performance; moreover, based on the statistical analysis at SPSS, it shows no significant difference. (2)The most used strategy by high and low achievers in writing is planning while the least used strategy is monitoring. From these findings, the null hypothesis is accepted. Although there were no significant differences in the uses of metacognitive writing strategies between high and low achievers in writing, the students have already known effective writing strategies that can improve their writing.
A 4DEnVar‐Based Ensemble Four‐Dimensional Variational (En4DVar) Hybrid Data Assimilation System for Global NWP: System Description and Primary Tests

This study developed an ensemble four‐dimensional variational (En4DVar) hybrid data assimilation system. Different from most of the available En4DVar systems that adopted ensemble Kalman Filter class or ensemble data assimilation approaches to produce ensemble covariances for their hybrid background error covariances (BECs), it used a four‐dimensional ensemble variational (4DEnVar) system to obtain the ensemble covariance. The localization scheme for 4DEnVar applied orthogonal functions to decompose the correlation matrix so that it was implemented easily and rapidly. In terms of analysis quality and forecast skill, the En4DVar system was evaluated in the single‐point observation experiments and observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) with sounding and cloud‐derived wind observations, using its standalone four‐dimensional variational (4DVar) and 4DEnVar components as references. The single‐point observation experiments visually verified the explicit flow‐dependent characteristic of the BEC due to the introduction of the ensemble covariance from the 4DEnVar system. The OSSE‐based sensitivity experiments revealed different contributions of the weight for the ensemble covariance in the En4DVar system to the forecasts in the Northern and Southern Extratropics and Tropics. A much higher weight for the ensemble covariance in a properly inflated hybrid covariance helped En4DVar produce the most reasonable analysis. The forecast initialized by En4DVar is overall better than by 4DVar and 4DEnVar, although the quality of En4DVar analysis is between those of 4DVar and 4DEnVar ensemble mean analyses. It indicates that the flow‐dependent ensemble covariance provided by 4DEnVar dominantly contributes to the improvements in the En4DVar‐initialized forecast, with certain but necessary constraint from the balanced climatological covariance.
Plasma Glycated Hemoglobin and Sleep Patterns in Local Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: To ascertain glycemic control and sleep quality in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and compare them with age-matched non-diabetic control subjects.Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, plasma glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and sleep patterns in diabetic subjects were compared with non-diabetic control subjects. Ethical approval was granted by the institutional ethical review board of Central Park Medical College vide number CPMC/IRB/1728. After taking written informed consent, a total of fifty participants between the ages of 40-60 years were recruited by convenience sampling from the medical outpatient clinic at Central Park Teaching Hospital in 2018. Based on the fasting blood glucose levels, participants were categorized as Group I (diabetic subjects) and Group II (non-diabetic control subjects). Sleep quality was assessed using two validated scales, namely Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). HbA1c levels were evaluated using standardized blood assays. Independent samples t-test was employed to determine mean differences between the two groups. A p-value of ? 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Mean age of the study participants (n=50) was 49.28±2.34 years. The diabetic subjects had significantly higher HbA1c levels (10.15±2.50 vs. 6.26±1.04; p-value 0.001) and ISI scores (12.64±7.91 vs. 4.68±4.88; p-value 0.000) as compared to non-diabetic control subjects, indicating poorer glycemic control and greater degree of insomnia.Conclusion: Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus as reflected by higher HbA1c levels is associated with increased insomnia.
Publication Trend of R&D in the Journal of Biological Education in Indonesia (Sinta 2: 2017-2021): A Systematic Literature Review

Research on R&D in education is still very much needed. This systematic literature review (SLR) was aimed to analyze the trend of publications in the field of R&D in the journal of biological education in Indonesia. The results of this SLR will illustrate the condition of R&D publications until 2021, both in terms of quantity, quality, and contribution. This systematic literature review adopts five-step guidelines from Denyer and Tranfield. Based on the study results, it can be seen that journals in the field of biology education have published a total of 379. JPBI has published the most articles, as many as 206 articles. Specifically, in the field of R&D, JPBI has published 37 articles on R&D. This shows a good contribution to the development of science and technology, especially in terms of products produced by R&D. There are 9 models used, and the dominant ones used are 3D Thiagarajan, ADDIE, and Borg & Gall. In general, 61% of articles do not consistently carry out the stages of the R&D model used. The dominant keyword used is "Education". These keywords are often used in conjunction with several other keywords. The results show that R&D has been widely used to develop products that support education. Most of the R&D carried out by experts is focused on high school and college levels, which are 45% and 40%, respectively.
Improving Augmentation Efficiency for Few-Shot Learning

While human intelligence can easily recognize some characteristics of classes with one or few examples, learning from few examples is a challenging task in machine learning. Recently emerging deep learning generally requires hundreds of thousands of samples to achieve generalization ability. Despite recent advances in deep learning, it is not easy to generalize new classes with little supervision. Few-shot learning (FSL) aims to learn how to recognize new classes with few examples per class. However, learning with few examples makes the model difficult to generalize and is susceptible to overfitting. To overcome the difficulty, data augmentation techniques have been applied to FSL. It is well-known that existing data augmentation approaches rely heavily on human experts with prior knowledge to find effective augmentation strategies manually. In this work, we propose an efficient data augmentation network, called EDANet, to automatically select the most effective augmentation approaches to achieve optimal performance of few-shot learning without human intervention. Our method overcomes the disadvantages of relying on domain knowledge and requiring expensive labor to design data augmentation rules manually. We demonstrate the proposed approach on widely used FSL benchmarks (Omniglot and mini-ImageNet). Experimental results using three popular FSL networks show that ours improves performance over existing baselines through an optimal combination of candidate augmentation strategies.