Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Chronic Energy Deficiency among pregnant women in Jeneponto regency

Background : The prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in Indonesia reached 24.2% in 2013. The present study aimed to identify the determinants of CED in pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2016 - July 2017 in Jeneponto Regency. The standard used in Indonesia categorizes CED when MUAC <23.5 cm while the normal value is considered as ³23.5 cm. A total 616 respondents were selected using proportional stratified non-random sampling. The independent variables were socio-economic, food intake, and environmental factors. Anthropometric data including Middle-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) was measured using MUAC tape. In addition, SECA digital weight scale was used to measure weight and Microtoice for height. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and the results were double input to ensure validity of data. Data analyses used were chi-square and logistic regression run in PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of CED is quite high (n=131) (21.3%). The variables that contributed to the CED occurrence were age (OR=2.662, 95%CI=1.785-3.968, P <0.001) and education level (OR=0.505, 95%CI=0.340-0.751, P =0.001). Multivariate analysis showed only educational level and latrines availability became the determinant factors of CED in pregnant women ( P <0.05). After controlling low carbohydrates and protein intake, there was no statistically significant variable as determinant factor of CED among pregnant women. Conclusion: The present study concludes that age and education level are potential to be determinant factors for CED. Attempts should be made to prevent the impact of CED on pregnant women. The government needs to provide the proper program to overcome impact and prevalent of CED.
Recurrent Generative Adversarial Network for Face Completion

Most recently-proposed face completion algorithms use high-level features extracted from convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to recover semantic texture content. Although the completed face is natural-looking, the synthesized content still lacks lots of high-frequency details, since the high-level features cannot supply sufficient spatial information for details recovery. To tackle this limitation, in this paper, we propose a Recurrent Generative Adversarial Network (RGAN) for face completion. Unlike previous algorithms, RGAN can take full advantage of multi-level features, and further provide advanced representations from multiple perspectives, which can well restore spatial information and details in face completion. Specifically, our RGAN model is composed of a CompletionNet and a DisctiminationNet, where the CompletionNet consists of two deep CNNs and a recurrent neural network (RNN). The first deep CNN is presented to learn the internal regulations of a masked image and represent it with multi-level features. The RNN model then exploits the relationships among the multi-level features and transfers these features in another domain, which can be used to complete the face image. Benefiting from bidirectional short links, another CNN is used to fuse multi-level features transferred from RNN and reconstruct the face image in different scales. Meanwhile, two context discrimination networks in the DisctiminationNet are adopted to ensure the completed image consistency globally and locally. Experimental results on benchmark datasets demonstrate qualitatively and quantitatively that our model performs better than the state-of-the-art face completion models, and simultaneously generates realistic image content and high-frequency details. The code will be released available soon.
The Impact of Using the Internet for Learning for Students with Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)

The development of the internet can provide convenience to humans in general, and students as one of the educational academics can provide changes in their life processes. The technique used in this study is Generalized Least Squares (GLS), which is proxied by using asymptotic covariance matrix data. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of the use of technology, in this case, is the internet in the learning process carried out by students. There are four constructs used in the TAM research, namely Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Attitude Toward Using, and Actual Technology Usage. The research has three indicators for each latent variable. In this case, the latent variables are four. Then it can conclude that the number of samples used is 120. The sampling technique in this study uses Nonprobability sampling. The research hypothesis will test by analysis of SEM (Structural Equation Model) with the IBM AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) Program. The technique for using Generalized Least Squares (GLS), which is proxied by using the asymptotic covariance matrix data. From the results of the study, it found that this model has shown an overview of the aspects of the behavior of internet users that use for practical learning, where many users can efficiently operate the internet because it fits with what they need. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) provides a reliable and straightforward explanation in accepting the technology and behavior of its users.
Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation

We live in a society where beauty and sensations are important. Nowadays many women are concerned about their genital organs, especially the vaginal laxity associating vaginal deliveries and aging. Recently the market offers various modalities to treat such conditions, known as “Vaginal Relaxation”. The aesthetic and functional procedures that comprise vaginal repair include traditional vaginal prolapse procedures as well as cosmetic vulval and labial procedures. The line between cosmetic and medically indicated procedures is blurred, and today many operations are performed for both purposes. Vaginal Rejuvenation (VR) is a new marketing term which is widely used to describe these vaginal procedures, but unfortunately with no clear specific procedure. Nowadays it describes the procedures aiming to “tighten” the vaginal canal and the introitus. However it mainly focuses on vaginal tightening to enhance sexual function and improve cosmetic appearance. In 2007, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists became sufficiently concerned to issue a statement to practitioners warning that ‘these procedures are not medically indicated and the safety and effectiveness of these procedures have not been documented’. One important potential problem is direct marketing to consumers rather than via referrals by health professionals. In our digital age, such marketing will rely heavily on the internet which is easily accessed by many women and young girls. More seriously, on the Internet particularly, medical experts now offer services and graphic details of the so called “vaginal rejuvenation”. Unfortunately the quality and quantity of clinical information in vaginal rejuvenation provider sites is poor, with erroneous information in some instances. Method: We used the Google search engine and the single search term “Vaginal Rejuvenation”, to obtain a broad data on this topic. Studies investigating and reviews on this issue were found. This Review defines VR, describes laser new technique for VR, collect evidences supporting this issue. Also it presents the experts’ opinion regarding vaginal rejuvenation. Finally we tried to make a humble conclusion. Conclusion: Vaginal rejuvenation is one of the latest trends in elective vaginal procedure for women. However it needs more studies to investigate its efficacy and safety, instead as using it as a standard and routine procedure with known outcome (results and side effects). A proper exam is vital prior to any repair. Women seeking the vaginal rejuvenation should be educated about normal variants, evaluated for pelvic support disorders and screened for psychological conditions. When dealing with sexual dysfunction alone and the caliber or width of the vagina, repair must be very meticulous and exact in order enhance sensation and function and not impair it.
Utilization of Health Belief Model as a Guide for Prediction of Breast Self-Examination

Breast cancer is currently the most prevalent cancer among women in both the developed and developing countries. American Cancer Society estimated that there were 175, 000 new cases of invasive breast cancer and 40,000 new cases of breast cancer in situ in the primary stage women. About 95% of all breast cancers can be early detected by breast self examination (BSE). The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a conceptual model that has been used to predict health related behaviors.Aim of the study: Using of Health Belief Model as a Guide for Prediction of Breast SelfExamination. Materials and Method: A quantitative descriptive correlational cross-sectional research design was used to carry out this study. Setting: The study was conducted from February 2017 up to April, 2017 at, Main University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Subjects: A total of 120 eligible women attending the outpatient clinic at Main University Hospital in Alexandria were selected to participate in the study. Two Tools were used to collect the necessary data for the research. Tool I: Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical data structured interview questionnaire. It was divided into two parts. Part one: Concerned with participants’ Socio demographic data pertaining to age, marital status, level of educational, and level of income. Parttwo: Concerned with clinical data of the participants such as history of breast problems, heard about BSE, performing BSE, family’ history of breast cancer and sources of information. Tool II: Champion Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). It is consisted of 31 items; perceived of susceptibility (3 items) perceived seriousness (6 items), perceived benefits (4 items), perceived barriers (8 items), and perceived self- efficacy (10 items). All items were arranged in a Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree; scored: one to strongly agree; scored: five. Latest version of the statistical software package SPSS (Version-21) was used. Descriptive and analytical statistical test were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of participants was 32.2 (SD=8.1). there was statistically significant difference in relation to perceived benefits and self-efficacy and barrier between women performing and not performing breast self-examination (P = 0.03, 0.001 and 0.001) respectively. perceived self-efficacy was statistically significant positive predictors for BSE performance (p= 0.003) while, perceived barriers was statistically significant negative predictors (p= 0.001). Conclusion: Women performing breast self-examination had more perceived benefits and self-efficacy than women who not performing. Moreover, there was statistically significant difference regarding BSE perceived barrier between women performing and not performing breast self-examination. perceived self-efficacy was statistically significant positive predictors for BSE performance while, barriers was statistically significant negative predictors for BSE performance.
Adherence to clinical guidelines for monitoring diabetes in primary care settings

Objective Adherence to clinical guidelines is key to improving diabetes care. Contemporary knowledge of guideline adherence is lacking. This study sought to produce a national snapshot of primary care physicians’ (PCPs) adherence to the American Diabetes Association guidelines for monitoring diabetes and determine whether continuity of care promotes adherence. Methods Using the 2013 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, we examined adherence to ordering hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lipid profile tests as recommended by the American Diabetes Association for monitoring diabetes in 2379 primary care visits of patient with diabetes. Results In the preceding 12 months, less than 60.0% of the patients were given a test recommended for monitoring diabetes (58.0% for HbA1c and 57.0% for lipid profile). Continuity of care with PCPs increased the odds of adhering to diabetes monitoring guidelines by 36.0% for the HbA1c test (P=0.06) and by 76.0% for the lipid profile test (P=0.0006). Conclusion A substantial gap exists in achieving optimal monitoring for diabetes in primary care settings in the United States. While PCPs are ideally positioned to ensure that guidelines are closely followed, we found that even in primary care settings, patient-provider continuity of care was associated with guideline adherence. Significance statement Adherence to clinical guidelines is an integral part of the World Health Organization’s Global Action Plan to reduce the impact of diabetes. In this study, we used the 2013 National Ambulatory Care Survey to assess US physicians’ adherence to the American Diabetes Association’s guidelines for monitoring diabetes. We found a substantial gap between what was done in primary care settings and what is recommended for optimal diabetes management. Our findings support the positive effect of continuity of care on improving diabetes quality of care.
On uncertainty of Jupiter's core mass due to observational errors

Abstract The origins of extrasolar gas giant planets have been discussed, based on our understanding of the gas giant planets in the solar system, Jupiter and Saturn. However, how Jupiter and Saturn formed is still uncertain because of the uncertainty in their interiors, especially the core mass (Mc). The uncertainty in Mc is partly due to those in observational data such as gravitational moments (J2n), equatorial radius (Req) and 1-bar temperatures (T1bar). New frontiers mission to Jupiter by NASA (JUNO) launched in 2011 is expected to reduce the observational errors. However, it is not necessarily clear yet which observational uncertainty dominates and how accurate observation is needed to constrain Mc enough to know the origin of Jupiter. Thus, modeling the interior of Jupiter, we evaluate each effect on Mc and required precision. We have found that the observational error of 5% in T1bar yields an error of several M⊕ in Mc. We have also found that the values of J6 of our successful models are confined in a narrow range compared to its observational error. This implies that comparison between the values of J6 of our successful models and the J6 value obtained from JUNO mission helps us to know whether the present theoretical model is valid.
Deeply Integrated Convolutional Neural Networks

The ensemble learning system based on neural network requires a large number of networks as the basic classifier, which makes the parameters and calculations of the system increase sharply. Integrating the neural network in depth can not only reduce the parameters and calculations of the network, but also improve the overall network performance. In this paper, a deeply integrated convolutional neural network (DICNN) was proposed, and several different integration methods were proposed for integrated learning of DICNN. The Mixup is used to train the DICNN because it uses multiple samples for training and it can be better combined with DICNN. A series of ablation experiments were done to prove that the training method of Mixup is equivalent to a regularization and data augmentation. Therefore, a different multi-sample training method as variations of the Mixup (Mixup-XL) can be used to train the DICNN.
Prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of obstructed labor at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Introduction: Obstructed labor is a common cause of feto-maternal morbidity and mortality in Maiduguri, Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, causes, risk factors, and outcome of obstructed labor at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of all cases of obstructed labor managed from January 2012 to December 2014 at the UMTH, Maiduguri, Nigeria. For each case, the next woman who delivered without obstruction was used as a control. Data were analyzed for sociodemographic variables, labor, delivery and postdelivery events using SPSS version 20.0. The Chi-square test and odds ratio (OR) were used and statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of obstructed labor was 2.13%. Cephalopelvic disproportion, persistent occipitoposterior position, and malpresentation were seen in 65.37%, 16.58%, and 11.71%, respectively. The risk factors were teenage pregnancy (χ2: 26.96, P < 0.0001, OR: 4.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.45–8.05), nulliparity (χ2: 50.70, P < 0.0001, OR: 4.63, 95% CI: 2.99–7.15), illiteracy (χ2:53.91, P < 0.0001, OR: 5.26, 95% CI: 3.31–8.33), and unbooked status (χ2: 113.26, P < 0.0001 OR: 11.9, 95% CI: 7.24–19.61). Complications were observed in 37.56% of the women with obstructed labor. The common morbidities were wound sepsis, ruptured uterus, and puerperal sepsis, seen in 16.59%, 13.17%, and 7.81%, respectively. The case fatality rate was 0.98% and perinatal mortality was 34.15%. Conclusion: Obstructed labor is common in Maiduguri. We recommend amelioration of the risk factors through advocacy, girl child education, and public enlightenment on the need for antenatal care and hospital delivery, identification, and referral of high-risk patients.
Posterolateral Fusion versus Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion in the Surgical Treatment of Low-Grade Isthmic Spondylolisthesis

Background Data: Surgical treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis includes decompression, fixation and bone fusion. There are different suitable techniques for fusion as (PLF) posterolateral fusion (TLIF) transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, (PLIF) posterior lumbar interbody fusion, (ALIF) anterior lumbar interbody fusion but still controversy remains about the best technique.Purpose: To evaluate and compare the surgical results of PLF versus TLIF with pedicle screw fixation in treatment of low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis.Study design: A prospective randomized clinical case series.Patients and methods: This study included 40 patients with low grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. All patients were surgically treated by posterior decompression, transpedicular screw fixation and bone fusion. Patients were divided into two equal groups according to the type of bone fusion. Group A included 20 patients treated with PLF, and Group B included another 20 patients and were treated with TLIF. We used Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for assess pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) to evaluate the functional outcome among our patients. Patients have been followed up for at least six months after surgery.Results: The improvement of VAS of back pain was significantly greater in group B (TLIF) (change 5.25±1.55) than in group A (PLF) (change, 4.4±1.14) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in improvement of ODI in both groups. Patients with BMI³30 showed that group B experienced more clinical improvement than in group A in the VAS (P=0.021). The operative time in group B (185±24.5 min) was significantly longer than in group A (123.3±19.6 min) (P=0.034). Intraoperative blood loss in group B (584±192.1 ml) was significantly greater than in group A (417±182.4 ml) (P=0.008). The complication rate in group A (30%) was significantly less than in group B (55%) (P= 0.032) but broken screws (hardware failure) were more common in group A (20%) than in group B (0.0%) (P=0.01). The fusion rate in group B (95%) was higher than in group A (75%). Conclusion: Our data suggest that although TLIF is better than PLF in achievement of successful bone fusion and improvement of patient’s symptoms (back pain and sciatica), PLF still considered simple technique with minimal operative blood loss, less operative time and little complications. (2018ESJ162)
Fish migrations in a large lowland river (Odra R., Poland) - based on fish pass observations

A b s t r a c t . observations of a chamber fish-pass at the lowest situated dam and power station on the odra river were conducted between March 2002 and February 2003. twenty two fish species were recorded during 21 catches at the pass, with dominant species Alburnus alburnus (90.8% of individuals), Rutilus rutilus (4.9%) and Gobio gobio (1%). the most intense upstream migrations were observed in spring and early summer during the spawning period of most species occurring there. the migration intensity of most analysed species was positively correlated with water temperature. no potamodromous fishes were observed in the pass at water temperatures below 8 oc. the only diadromous species recorded were Anguilla anguilla, Vimba vimba and Salmo trutta trutta, all represented by very few individuals.
Utility of aripiprazole in co-occurring problem gambling and toluene dependence: A case report

ABSTRACT Inhalant use is a global problem but in spite of its large prevalence and significant physical and psychological complications, there is inadequate literature on the management of inhalant dependence. Inhalants are also considered a substance of adolescence with most users giving up use in adulthood. There is also limited literature on co-occurring behavioral and substance addictions and the linkage between them. We describe the case of 28-year-old man who had been using toluene in a dependent pattern for 14 years. He also had problem gambling in the past, abstaining from which led to an increase in the daily quantity of use of toluene. The patient was tried on Carbabmazepine but following an adverse event he was prescribed Aripiprazole. He improved over the course of 6 weeks and has been abstaining from inhalants since 3 months.
Significance of Telomerase Activity and Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer

Introduction: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein synthesizing telomeric DNA onto the chromosomes which has two functional subunits: hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase) and hTR (human telomerase RNA). Activation of telomerase appears to be associated with unlimited replicative potential. Telomerase activity and expression of telomerase components may have significant roles in diagnosis or/and prognosis of malignancies. PCR-based TRAP assay is very sensitive for the detection of enzymatic activity of telomerase even if a few number of cancerous cells are available. The diagnostic or prognostic value of telomerase activity and its expression in colorectal cancer are still unclear. Material and Methods: Protein extraction was performed from specimens of matched normal and colon cancer specimens. Protein concetrations were determined by Bradford assay. Optimized protein concentrations were used for TRAP Assay (Telomeric repeat amplification protocol) which is a PCR-based assay. TRAP products were seperated by vertical gel electrophoresis on 12.5% polyacrylamide gel and visualized by silver staining. Gene expression of hTERT was determined by qPCR analysis. Results: The results demonstrated that all tumor tissues were telomerase positive whereas all corresponding normal tissues were telomerase negative. Among clinicopathological findings, telomerase activity was found to be associated with stage, histology, localization, distant metastasis and lymph node metastasis of tumor. The expression of hTERT was observed both in tumor and normal tissues, however; tumor tissues expressed 4.33 fold more hTERT than normal tissues. Although all of the clinicopathological findings differed in the expression of hTERT compared to normal tissues, they did not differ from each other significantly. Conclusion: Telomerase activity could be a promising tumor marker for colorectal cancer and there is a close association between the enzymatic activity and the expression of its catalytic subunit.