Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A brief review on potential therapeutic benefits of Aegle marmelos

-Aegle marmelos is useful for a variety of medicinal purposes because it contains a number of phytoconstituents. From the leaves, aegelin, rutacine, y-sitosterol, aegelemine, and aegeline were found. Coumarins like umbelliferone, scoparone, scopoletin, marmesin, and skimmin are found in roots and fruits. Furthermore, fruits contain alkaloids such as aegeline and marmeline as well as xanthotoxol, imperatorin, and alloimperatorin. Considering the vast opportunities and potential of Aegle marmelos for a variety of uses, this will support the financial empowerment of impoverished and landless farmers in addition to serving as a foundation for research and development. A number of illnesses in humans, including diabetes, liver toxicity, fungal infections, microbial infections, inflammation, pyrexia, and pain relief, can be treated with the plant or any of its individual parts. Even so, a great deal of work needs to be done to examine the Aegle marmelos' mechanism of action in relation to other therapeutic activities. The current review seeks to complete the medicinal values of Aegle marmelos that were discovered during the research project by utilizing cutting-edge scientific methods and instruments. The present review aims to complete medicinal values of Aegle marmelos generated through the research activity using modern scientific approaches and innovative scientific tools. The review would also like to point out that the fruits and leaves offered in temples can undoubtedly be reused for better development and healthcare. Planning and possibilities are require to be identified for reuse the leaves and fruits by integrating various technology and ecosystem conservation strategies.
Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Black Locust) Leaflets as Biomonitors of Airborne Microplastics

Simple Summary This research investigated the presence of atmospheric microplastics, including those originating from tyre wear, in urban parks and rural roadside areas (Siena, Italy). We used the leaflets of the commonly found higher plant, Robinia pseudoacacia L. (black locust), as a novel biomonitor of atmospheric microplastic deposition. In the study, we observed that rural roadside locations had high concentration of tyre wear particles, whereas urban parks situated more than 500 m away from busy roads exhibited no detectable levels of tyre wear particles. In contrast, the number of plastic microfibres was significantly greater in urban parks, given their central city locations. The results suggest a substantial daily deposition of microplastics, potentially leading to human exposure in both residential and rural areas. In situations where human habitation is in proximity to roads, there is a heightened risk of exposure to tyre wear particles from road surfaces. Our results suggest that Robinia pseudoacacia L. , with its widespread availability, waxy coating, and high surface-to-mass ratio, as well as ease of surface area determination for estimating deposition rates, can serve as a valuable resource for investigating the deposition of airborne microplastics including tyre wear particles. Abstract Here we investigate the suitability of Robinia pseudoacacia L. (black locust) leaflets as a novel biomonitor of airborne microplastics (MPs) including tyre wear particles (TWPs). Leaflets were collected from rural roadside locations (ROs, n = 5) and urban parks (UPs, n = 5) in Siena, Italy. MPs were removed by washing, identified by stereomicroscope, and analysed for polymer type by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Daily MP deposition was estimated from leaf area. The mass magnetic susceptibility and the bioaccumulation of traffic-related potentially toxic elements (PTEs) were also analysed. The total number of MPs at ROs was significantly higher at 2962, dominated by TWPs, compared with 193 in UPs, where TWPs were not found. In contrast, total microfibres were significantly higher in UPs compared with ROs (185 vs. 86). Daily MP deposition was estimated to range from 4.2 to 5.1 MPs/m2/d across UPs and 29.9–457.6 MPs/m2/d across ROs. The polymer types at ROs were dominated by rubber (80%) from TWPs, followed by 15% polyamide (PA) and 5% polysulfone (PES), while in UPs the proportion of PES (44%) was higher than PA (22%) and polyacrylonitrile (11%). The mean mass magnetic susceptibility, a proxy of the bioaccumulation of traffic-related metallic particles, was higher at ROs (0.62 ± 0.01 10–8 m3/kg) than at UPs (–0.50 ± 0.03 10–8 m3/kg). The content of PTEs was similar across sites, except for significantly higher concentrations of Sb, a tracer of vehicle brake wear, at ROs (0.308 ± 0.008 µg/g) compared with UPs (0.054 ± 0.006 µg/g). Our results suggest that the waxy leaflets and easy determination of surface area make Robinia an effective biomonitor for airborne MPs including TWPs.
Multiphase signatures of active galactic nucleus feedback in Abell 2597

We present new Chandra X-ray observations of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in the cool-core cluster Abell 2597 (z= 0.0821). The data reveal an extensive kpc-scale X-ray cavity network as well as a 15-kpc filament of soft-excess gas exhibiting strong spatial correlation with archival Very Large Array radio data. In addition to several possible scenarios, multiwavelength evidence may suggest that the filament is associated with multiphase (103-107 K) gas that has been entrained and dredged-up by the propagating radio source. Stemming from a full spectral analysis, we also present profiles and 2D spectral maps of modelled X-ray temperature, entropy, pressure and metal abundance. The maps reveal an arc of hot gas which in projection borders the inner edge of a large X-ray cavity. Although limited by strong caveats, we suggest that the hot arc may be (a) due to a compressed rim of cold gas pushed outwards by the radio bubble or (b) morphologically and energetically consistent with cavity-driven active galactic nucleus heating models invoked to quench cooling flows, in which the enthalpy of a buoyant X-ray cavity is locally thermalized as ambient gas rushes to refill its wake. If confirmed, this would be the first observational evidence for this model.
Effect of vitamin C on inflammation and metabolic markers in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults: a randomized controlled trial

Background: Obesity is well associated as being an interfering factor in metabolic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes by increasing the secretion of proinflammatory markers from adipose tissue. Having healthy effects, vitamin C could work as an anti-inflammatory agent through its antioxidant capacity. Objective: The aim of the study reported here was to identify the effect of vitamin C on reducing the levels of inflammatory markers in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults. Subjects and methods: Sixty-four obese patients, who were hypertensive and/or diabetic and had high levels of inflammatory markers, from primary health care centers in Gaza City, Palestine, were enrolled into one of two groups in an open-label, parallel, randomized controlled trial. A total of 33 patients were randomized into a control group and 31 patients were randomized into an experimental group. The experimental group was treated with 500 mg vitamin C twice a day. Results: In the experimental group, vitamin C significantly reduced the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and triglyceride (TG) after 8 weeks of treatment (overall: P , 0.001); no changes appeared in total cholesterol (TC). In the control group, there were significant reductions in FBG and TG ( P = 0.001 and P = 0.026, respectively), and no changes in hs-CRP, IL-6, or TC. On comparing the changes in the experimental group with those in the control group at the endpoint, vitamin C was found to have achieved clinical significance in treating effectiveness for reducing hs-CRP, IL-6, and FBG levels ( P = 0.01, P = 0.001, and P , 0.001, respectively), but no significant changes in TC or TG were found. Conclusion: Vitamin C (500 mg twice daily) has potential effects in alleviating inflammatory status by reducing hs-CRP, IL-6, and FBG in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese patients.
. Evidence that individuals from East Asian and South Asian cultures emphasize right hemisphere functions in comparison to Euro-American cultures

We present evidence that individuals from East or South Asian cultures (Japanese college students in Japan and East or South Asian born and raised college students in the USA) tend to exhibit default thinking that corresponds to right hemisphere holistic functions, as compared to Caucasian individuals from a Western culture (born and raised in the USA). In two lateralized tasks (locating the nose in a scrambled face, and global-local letter task), both Asian groups showed a greater right hemisphere bias than the Western group. In a third lateralized task, judging similarity in terms of visual form versus functional/semantic categorizations, there was not a reliable difference between the groups. On a classic, ambiguous face composed of vegetables, both Eastern groups displayed a greater right hemisphere (holistic face processing) bias than the Western group. These results support an “ East - Right Hemisphere, West - Left Hemisphere ” hypothesis, as originally proposed by Ornstein (1972). This hypothesis is open as to the degree to which social-cultural forces were involved in hemispheric specialization, or the opposite, or both. Our aim is to encourage a more thorough analysis of this hypothesis, suggesting both lateralization studies corresponding to documented East-West differences, and East-West studies corresponding to lateralization differences.
Enigmatic eight-meter trace fossils in the Lower Pennsylvanian Lee Sandstone, central Appalachian Basin, Tennessee

Enigmatic tubular trace fossils up to eight meters long occur in the Lower Pennsylvanian Middlesboro Member of the Lee Formation. Two morphotypes occur: type 1 trace fossils are plain, smooth, vertical, nonbranching, parallel-walled, tubular structures; type 2 trace fossils branch, have walls with faint vertical striations, regularly or irregularly spaced nodes, and funnel-shaped terminations. Sandstone casts filling type 2 structures have helical spiral morphology, and, in rare individuals, faint meniscate fills have been observed. Both trace-fossil morphotypes have poorly cemented wall linings containing framboidal pyrite, amorphous carbon, quartz sand, and poorly preserved fecal material. The trace fossils occur in a massive, structureless, channel-form sandstone, originating at the contact between a channel lag and the overlying massive fill. The stratigraphic sequence is interpreted to represent a barrier island transgressing an estuarine facies. A tidal inlet within the barrier facies scoured into the underlying estuarine sediments. Subsequent rapid filling of the inlet led to the deposition of the massive sandstone. Origin of these structures is uncertain. The preponderance of evidence favors the hypothesis that the structures are escape burrows of animals that had colonized, or were concentrated in, the lag and were suddenly buried by the deposition of the massive sand. However, no likely burrower has been identified, and several characteristics of the structures and the enclosing sediments indicate that they may be completely inorganic in origin.
The effects of climate changes on river baseflow and aquifer storage in Central Africa.

The effects of climate changes on river baseflow and aquifer storage have been investigated using hydrological and rainfall data bases of the Central African Republic from 1902 to 1994. A decrease in runoff, observed everywhere, coincides with a decrease in rainfall with a time lag of 3 years. Compared with previous droughts, these recent periods of low rainfall and runoff (from 1971 to the present) are exceptionally long. As a consequence, the annual hydrograph in Oubangui has been significantly reduced in volume but not in duration, causing lowering of the groundwater table. A distinct break in time series of rainfall and runoff was detected. The prolonged period of low rainfall irreversibly changed infiltration patterns and sustainability of river flows, with a marked difference on a regional scale. In the north, the part of runoff deficit infiltrating and recharging groundwater reserves has diminished.
Erken Görünüm Journal Pre-proof Examining Thesis Writing Process in An English Language Teaching Program in Turkey: Supervisor Support and Power Relations

Along with the substantial spread of English in scholarly publishing (Canagarajah, 2002), there are more thesis studies in the English language. However, the already-challenging-process of thesis writing becomes harder when written in a foreign language. Considering the essence of theses in academia, it holds paramount significance to reveal how writers proceed in the process from several perspectives. Despite some studies in the literature examining thesis writing processes, little is known about supervisor support and the impact of power relations embedded in the process. The aim of this study is to explore thesis writing processes from the perspectives of supervisees and supervisors with a focus on (1) supervisor support, and (2) power relations in the su pervision processes. In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four supervisors and 13 supervisees. Content analysis was used to analyse all the data collected. The findings revealed the participants’ perceptions regarding the supervisor’s role and support areas, the feedback process, and the impact of supervisor-supervisee relationships.
Development and functioning of the mobile app-based mh-GAP intervention guide in detection and treatment of people with mental health conditions in primary healthcare settings in Nepal

Abstract Abstract This paper describes the development process of a mobile app-based version of the World Health Organization mental health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide, testing of the app prototypes, and its functionality in the assessment and management of people with mental health conditions in Nepal. Health workers’ perception of feasibility and acceptability of using mobile technology in mental health care was assessed during the inspiration phase (N = 43); the ideation phase involved the creation of prototypes; and prototype testing was conducted over multiple rounds with 15 healthcare providers. The app provides provisional diagnoses and treatment options based on reported symptoms. Participants found the app prototype useful in reminding them of the process of assessment and management of mental disorders. Some challenges were noted, these included a slow app prototype with multiple technical problems, including difficulty in navigating ‘yes’/‘no’ options, and there were challenges reviewing detailed symptoms of a particular disorder using a “more information” icon. The initial feasibility work suggests that if the technical issues are addressed, the e-mhGAP warrants further research to understand if it is a useful method in improving the detection of people with mental health conditions and initiation of evidence-based treatment in primary healthcare facilities.
Influence of Interactive Behaviors Induced by a Therapy Dog and Her Handler on the Physiology of Residents in Nursing Homes: An Exploratory Study

The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate interactive behaviors performed between residents at nursing homes and a therapy dog and her handler and explore if they in ﬂ uenced residents ’ physiological variables such as ﬁ ngertip temperature, heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The therapy dog – handler team visited 12 older people at three nursing homes for 60 min twice a week during a four-week period. The visits were videotaped, and the duration of interactive behaviors was recorded. The physiological variables were measured before (0 min) and after (60 min) the interaction between the residents and the dog – handler team, and the delta value was calculated. The interactive behaviors during the ﬁ rst two and the last two weeks were as follows: the resident looking at the dog (799 and 697 s/h), the resident in physical contact with the dog (183 and 109 s/h, p < 0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), the resident playing with the dog (123 and 126 s/h), the resident talking with others (559 and 511 s/h), and the dog handler having physical contact with the resident (822 and 764 s/h). The mean values for ﬁ ngertip temperature, heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not di ﬀ er signi ﬁ cantly between the ﬁ rst and two last weeks (paired t -test). However, the delta values varied largely between the di ﬀ erent residents. The more physical contact the residents had with the dog handler, the more the ﬁ ngertip temperature increased ( p < 0.05, mixed linear model). The duration of physical contact between the residents and the dog tended to be associated with an increased ﬁ ngertip temperature ( p < 0.1). Furthermore, the more the residents were in verbal contact with the dog handler, the more their heart rate decreased ( p < 0.05). These results demonstrate some associations between speci ﬁ c interactive behaviors and physiological changes in residents in connection with visits by a dog – handler team.
Self-Phase Modulation-Induced Instability of High-Power Narrow-Linewidth Fiber Amplifiers

In this study, we investigated the effect of self-phase modulation (SPM)-induced modulation instability (MI) on the spectral purity of high-power narrow-linewidth fiber amplifiers and established a spectral evolution model for SPM-induced MI in those amplifiers. The spectral evolution process of MI under different laser powers was simulated and analyzed. The results show that, at low power (100 W), SPM can cause a dynamic change in the spectral sideband secondary peak and the spectral wingspan. An increase in laser power led to the cascade effect of MI, forming a zigzag secondary sideband with a larger spectral width and causing the spectral main peak and spectral broadening to split. Experiments based on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of oscillating seed sources were carried out on high-power narrow-linewidth laser amplifiers, and the above spectral evolution phenomenon was observed. The experimental results indicate that the spectral evolution model based on SPM-induced MI can effectively explain the dynamic change in the spectral secondary peak, spectral wingspan and zigzag broadening phenomenon in the power amplification process of narrow-linewidth lasers.
Evolution of human brain-size associated NOTCH2NL genes proceeds towards reduced protein levels

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The role of adsorption in sediment‐water exchange of phosphate in North Sea continental margin sediments

The effect of adsorption on the sediment‐water exchange of PO4 was investigated in sediments from four different types of sedimentary environments in the southern and eastern North Sea in August 1991 and February 1992. Nonlinear adsorption isotherms for oxidized sediment from eight stations indicate that North Sea sediments differ widely in their capacity to adsorb PO4. A good correlation between the value of the adsorption coefficient and NH4+ oxalate‐extractable Fe was observed. A combination of the adsorption data with Porewater PO4 profiles, solid phase results, and measured and calculated rates of sediment‐water exchange of PO4 for 15 stations in both August and February indicates that adsorption plays an important role in controlling sediment‐water exchange of PO4 during at least a part of the year in three of the four North Sea environments. At most stations, PO4 adsorption constrains the flux of PO4 to the overlying water. At one station in the depositional environment of the Skagerrak, however, desorption is responsible for the maintenance of a flux of PO4 to the overlying water. A one‐dimensional reactiondiffusion model, describing Porewater PO4 and solid phase P profiles, was developed and applied to results for two stations. The model results show that both enhanced retention and enhanced release of PO4 can be adequately described when simultaneous equilibrium and first‐order kinetic reversible adsorptive reactions are assumed.
The diet of the human groups buried in a late- and post-Medieval rural parish cemetery in Libkovice (Czech Republic)

Libkovice is a village in the northwestern Czech Republic that was demolished at the end of the last century due to the expansion of a nearby mine. The former church cemetery has been a subject to bioarchaeological excavation and research, where some 850 burials from the 13th to the 19th Century have been discovered so far. With the application of stable isotope analysis, it has also been possible to uncover the dietary patterns of this exemplary rural Central European community, which was the aim of this study. The materials analysed here consist of samples from long bones of 56 burials and 18 animal bones discovered in Libkovice during the 2019/21 excavations. It has been employed stable carbon (δ13C) isotope analysis to determine the average contributions of foods derived from the C3 plants. Statistically significant differences were found between the analyzed fauna and human samples for nitrogen (F=47.4 p<0.05) and carbon (F=19.18 p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the analyzed animal and human samples between the specify centuries. When considering the ages of various human individuals, the results indicated statistically significant differences in nitrogen isotopes (F= 7.71 p<0.05) between children from the infants I group and older children together with adults from the Middle Ages, as well as between children from the infants I group and adults (F= 3.3, p<0.05) from the modern times. The proportion of food from C3 plants that made up the diets of the studied population was on average 89%, and the potential proportion of freshwater fish in the diet could be higher than 80%. The similarity between the chronologically diverse groups may indicate similar strategies for food acquisition. The results obtained for the population of Libkovice are very similar to the diets of the populations living in Central Europe broadly during the two periods.
The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Trauma Patients in South Korea

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected societies worldwide, including the medical healthcare system and trauma care. This study explores the impact of COVID-19 infection on trauma patients in South Korea, a country with effective pandemic management. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 4206 trauma patients from June 2020 to May 2022 was conducted. Patients were categorized into COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative groups. Various clinical parameters, complications, and mortality rates were analyzed. Results: COVID-19-positive patients exhibited higher rates of complications, such as pressure sores (8.8% vs. 2.3%, p < 0.001), surgical site infections (2.4% vs. 0.8%, p = 0.044), and pneumonia (8.8% vs. 4.1%, p = 0.007). There was no significant difference in mortality between COVID-19-positive and -negative groups (4% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.439). Factors influencing mortality included COVID-19 status, age, Glasgow Coma Scale, Injury Severity Score, and transfusion status. Conclusion: COVID-19 positivity may have adverse clinical effects on trauma patients, but the impact varies based on public health factors. Additional studies in different contexts are crucial to elucidate these complexities.