Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postspinel transformations in the system Mg2SiO4-Fe2SiO4 Element partitioning, calorimetry, and thermodynamic calculation

Compositions of coexisting spinel and magnesiowustite in the system Mg 2 SiO 4 -Fe 2 SiO 4 have been experimentally determined at 18.5 and 20.4 GPa at 1873 K to constrain equilibrium boundaries of the postspinel transitions in relatively Fe 2 SiO 4 -rich composition. Calorimetric measurements of pyroxene and perovskite solid solutions in the system Mg 2 SiO 3 -Fe 2 SiO 3 have been performed by a differential drop-solution method in a controlled atmosphere. Using the above data with published thermodynamic data on the high-pressure phases in the system MgO-FeO-SiO 2 , phase relations of the postspinel transitions have been thermodynamically calculated. The calculated boundaries are generally consistent with the experiments by Ito and Takahashi. The calculated transition interval of spinel to perovskite + magnesiowustite is about 0.01-0.18 GPa for mantel spinel composition. The perovskite-magnesiowustite field expands to the Fe 2 SiO 4 -rich side with increasing temperature, in contrast to previous thermodynamic calculations. The present thermodynamic data show stability of an assemblage of magnesiowustite-stishovite in the Mg 2 SiO 4 -rich composition of the Mg 2 SiO 4 -Fe 2 SiO 4 system between the fields of spinel and of perovskite + magnesiowustite at relatively low temperatures.
A New Approach to Improve Film Cooling Effectiveness Using Combined Jets

A. Javadi , K. Javadi, M. Taeibi-Rahni, and M. Darbandi Aerospace Research Institute (ARI) – Ministry of Science, Research and Technology – Tehran P.O. Box 15875-3885, Iran. Tel: 098-21 8362010, Fax: 098-21 8362011, E-mail: javadi_ali@ari.ac. ir Departments of Chemical Engineering and Aerospace Engineering, Sharif University of Technology (SUT) Tehran P.O. Box 11365-9465, Iran Tel: 098-21 600 5819, Fax: 098-21 602 2853, E-mail: javadi@mehr.sharif. edu IGTC2003Tokyo TS -071
Estimate false‐negative RT‐PCR rates for SARS‐CoV‐2. A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Molecular‐based tests used to identify symptomatic or asymptomatic patients infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 are characterized by high specificity but scarce sensitivity, generating false‐negative results. We aimed to estimate, through a systematic review of the literature, the rate of RT‐PCR false negatives at initial testing for COVID‐19.
The bio-reduction of chromate with periplasmic reductase using a novel isolated strain Pseudoalteromonas sp. CF10-13

The bioremediation of Cr(VI) polluted soil and water is economical and eco-friendly compared to physical and chemical methods. However, the application of most reported bacterial Cr(VI) reduction processes could be limited by moderate/low temperatures. In this study, a marine bacterium strain, Pseudoalteromonas sp. CF10-13, with a high Cr(VI) reduction efficiency was isolated. The effects of pH, salinity, temperature and initial Cr(VI) concentration, Cr(VI) transformation, and the characterization of Cr(VI) reductase were investigated. Results showed that Cr(VI) could be almost completely reduced within 48 h at an initial concentration of 85%) was obtained for a wide range of temperatures (15–30 °C). It was illustrated that Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III), with only a small part bound to the functional groups of EPS, while most was probably soluble organic-Cr(III) in solution. Based on enzyme activity tests, the Cr(VI) reductase was a kind of inducible enzyme located in the periplasm. The activity of the Cr(VI) reductase was unaffected by ionic Cu and Pb, but inhibited by ionic Zn, Cd, and Cr(III). Sodium lactate could act as a suitable electron donor for Cr(VI) reduction through Pseudoalteromonas sp. CF10-13. Our study may provide a potential bacterial strain for application to Cr(VI) bioremediation at extended temperatures.
Synchronous CMC text chat versus synchronous CMC voice chat: impacts on EFL learners’ oral proficiency and anxiety

Abstract This study investigated the effect of synchronous computer-mediated communication (CMC) text chat and voice chat on Iranian EFL learners’ oral proficiency and anxiety. To this aim, 81 Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners were selected from among 125 students at private English language institutes. The selected participants were divided into two experimental groups (synchronous text chat group and synchronous voice chat group) and a control group; each consisting of 27 pre-intermediate learners of English as a foreign language. Over a 6-week period, the participants in the experimental groups engaged in 60–75-minute-long chat sessions in dyads guided by a total of 10 tasks. The data were collected through pre-anxiety and post-anxiety scales and speaking tests. The analysis of the data revealed that both experimental groups had better performance on their post-test compared to their pretest scores, whereas there was a decrease in the anxiety levels only for the text chat group. The practical implications of the study and suggestions for further research are presented.
A Case Study of a Mainstream School Child with Depressive Symptoms, Academic Difficulties and Low Self-esteem Problems treated using Cognitive Behavior Techniques as a Therapy

Aim of the Study: The basic aim of the present case study is to demonstrate the significance of Cognitive Behavior Techniques used as a therapy for the reduction and improvement in Depressive Symptoms, Academic Difficulties and Low Self-esteem Problems in a mainstream school child. Place of Study: Lahore, Pakistan Research Design: Case Study Sample: This paper is based on a case of a 13 years old girl of grade 8th with Depressive Symptoms, Academic Difficulties and Low Self-esteem Problems. Method: Psychological Assessment of the client was done with the help of Behavioral Observation, Semi-Structured Interview, Subjective Ratings of the presenting problems, Demographic Data Sheet, Portfolio Assessment, Paired Associate Learning Test (PALT) (Mahmood & Sheikh, 1989). , Children Depression Inventory (CDI) (Kovacs, 1979) and Selfesteem Scale for Children (Saleem & Mahmood, 2010). Counseling plan was devised for the client included Rapport Buildup, Psycho-education, Supportive Therapy, Deep Breathing, Activity Scheduling, Dictionary concept, Chunking Method and Happy Pyramid. Self-esteem building exercises, Study Skills, Assertiveness Training and Social Skills Training were used for proposed management of the client’s problems. Total 8 sessions were conducted with the client. Results: The overall results of all psychological assessment tools showed that the academic performance of the client was below average, very highly severe depressive symptoms and low self-esteem problem as well as the overall outcomes of the counseling and management plan revealed that decrease in the intensity of the depressive symptoms and improvement in academic difficulties and problems related to the low self-esteem in the client. Conclusion: on the basis of case study results, it has been concluded that the proper use of the Cognitive Behavior Techniques as therapy provided more effective results for the reduction and improvement in Depressive Symptoms, Academic Difficulties and Low Selfesteem Problems in a mainstream school child. Recommendation and Implications were also discussed. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences Vol. 1 1 , No. 2, 2021, E-ISSN: 2222-6990 © 2021 HRMARS 560
Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Extract From Lantana Camara L. Leaves

Background: Currently, several studies are being conducted to test antibacterial activity of various medicinal plants, in attempt to develop new antibiotics or to potentiate the action of antibiotics of known clinical use. In this research, phytochemical analysis and in vitro antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Lantana camara L were performed.The extracts were obtained through maceration with 90% ethanol. In phytochemical analysis, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins were identified using specific reagents for each class.The antibacterial activity was analyzed using the disk diffusion method according to Kirby-Bauer, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus. Results: The diameters of the inhibition halos varied between 0.7 and 12 mm, with an average of 8.26 mm for strains of S. aureus and there was no inhibition for E. coli. The results showed a significant difference between the inhibition halos and the tested concentrations for S. aureus. Conclusions: L. camara leaf extracts are rich in bioactive compounds and have a good antibacterial potential against S. aureus and not for E. coli. And there was no relationship between the concentration of the extract and the diameter of the halo of inhibition of the evaluated microorganism.
Effects of CO2-Absorption Control Strategies on the Dynamic Performance of a Supercritical Pulverized-Coal-Fired Power Plant

This work investigates the interactions that occur between a supercritical pulverized-coal-fired power plant and a downstream CO2-absorption process during load changes in the power plant by linking the dynamic models of the two systems. The derived dynamic model for this integrated system is implemented in the dynamic modeling and simulation software Dymola. The operation of the integrated system is investigated in two modes of operation, considering various power plant loads and levels of steam availability for the CO2-absorption process. Several schemes for control of the CO2-absorption process, which have been suggested in the literature, are implemented for the integrated system, and their effects on power plant operation are evaluated. Comparison of the simulation results obtained through varying the power plant load with and without CO2 absorption reveal that the CO2-absorption process has slower process dynamics than the power plant cycle, with the CO2 absorption stabilizing in more than 1 h, whil.
Synthesis CuO-ZnO nanocomposite and its application as an antibacterial agent

The synthesis of CuO-ZnO composites and their application as anti-bacterial have been conducted. Nanocomposite CuO-ZnO was synthesized using sol-gel method. The nanocomposite products were characterized by XRD, DR-UV, SAA, FTIR, SEM-EDX. The results of the XRD analysis showed that the CuO-ZnO composite has a nanometer size with the average of 15.99 nanometer. The DR-UV analysis showed that the CuO-ZnO composite has a band-gap of 2.28 eV in the average. The analysis of SAA showed that the CuO-ZnO has a surface area of 23.20 m2/g in average. FTIR investigation revealed that the vibration of ZnO was observed at 432.05 cm-1 whereas CuO at 524.64 cm-1 and 594, 06 cm-1. The SEM-EDX analysis showed that the ZnO has a hexagonal structure whereas the CuO has a monoclinic structure. The CuO-ZnO nanocomposite has the ability as an antibacterial against S. aureus as gram-positive and E. coli as Gram-negative bacteria.
An experimental approach to the descaling of production tubing using high pressure flat fan nozzles

The mechanical approach of utilizing high-pressure water for scale removal has gained wider acceptance by multinationals despite facing poor downhole performance challenges (cavitation) that need abrasion compensation (sand) with side effect of jeopardizing the integrity of the well completions. The replacement of sand with sterling beads was excellent with good post descaling well completion integrity at the expense of environmental complexity. While the recent single nozzle, solid free aerated jetting descaling technique was characterized with poor scale coverage and high descaling time. This investigation presents the novel technique of scale removal utilizing multiple high-pressure flat fan nozzles at different distances, nozzle configurations and injection pressure to remove soft scale sample made of paraffin. The scale shaped in two different patterns of hollow and solid signifying different growth stages of paraffin in production tubing. The results at 25 mm stand-off distances showed that the scale removal was within the range of 0.8 to 42.8 g (for hollow shape scale) and 0.3 to 5.2 g (for solid shape scale) at 4.8 MPa with different nozzle configurations. Increasing the injection pressure to 6 MPa removed more scale within the range of 1.1 to 93.7 g (for hollow shape scale) and 0.7 to 7.3 g (for solid shape scale). Moreover, at 10 MPa injection pressure the scale removal was within the range of 1.1 to 253.8 g (for hollow shape scale) and 1.1 to 103.7 g (for solid shape scale). This result will provide a practical approach to the removal of organic scales at varying descaling conditions of injection pressure, standoff distance and nozzle configurations. Key words: Scale removal, multiple nozzles, high-pressure water spray, flat-fan nozzle.
EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID AND BORON ON DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF AONLA FRUITS ¿BANARASI¿

Aonla or Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.), a member of family the Euphorbiaceae, is one of the indigenous minor fruits of India. It thrives well throughout tropical as well as sub-tropical regions of India. The fruit is highly nutritive and the richest source of ascorbic acid after Barbados cherry. Fruits are made into preserves, jam, pickles, candy, sauce, dried chips, powder, etc. In order to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid and boron on aonla fruits ‘Banarasi’, the present experiment was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208002 (U.P.), India, during the years 2004-2005. There were in all 15 treatment combinations comprising borax at three levels (0, 0.2 and 0.4%) and GA3 at five levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm), applied as foliar spray on 1 August, replicated thrice in randomized block design taking a single plant as a unit treatment. From this experiment, it was concluded that among borax concentrations 0.4% proved most effective in increasing the length (4.64 cm), diameter (4.96 cm), weight (47.46 g), volume (43.62 cc), TSS (10.75°Brix), total sugar (8.75%), ascorbic acid (582.8 mg per 100 g of pulp) and reduced titratable acidity (2.14%); whereas among GA3 concentrations, application at 150 ppm increased the length (4.74 cm), diameter (5.11 cm), weight (48.26 g), volume (44.24 cc), TSS (11.21oBrix), total sugar (9.07 %), ascorbic acid (596.66 mg per 100 g of pulp) and reduced titratable acidity (2.04%). The combined application of B at 0.4% and GA3 at 150 ppm recorded maximum length (4.86 cm), diameter (5.14 cm), weight (48.60 g), volume (44.45 cc), TSS (11.50oBrix), total sugar (9.32%), ascorbic acid (605 mg per 100 g of pulp) and minimum titratable acidity (2.01%).
Hyaluronic acid 0.2% application enhanced periodontitis treatment in non-surgical phase

Introduction: Topical hyaluronic acid (HA) has been considered as an adjuvant agent for periodontitis (PD). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical effects of subgingival application of 0.2% HA gel, following scaling and root planning (SRP) in PD patients. Material and methods: In this randomized split-mouth study, 733 periodontal pockets of 28 patients with PD were investigated. They were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received subgingival administration of 1 ml 0.2% HA gel into each pocket immediately after SRP, and then after 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks. Clinical parameters and subgingival plaque were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks after SRP. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for Porphyromonas gingivalis ( Pg ), Treponema denticola ( Td ), Fusobacterium nucleatum ( Fn ), and Tannerella forsythia ( Tf ) were also performed. Results: After 6 weeks, there were significant decreases in clinical parameters, and the number of Fn in the experimental group compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). The number of Pg , Td , and Tf decreased significantly in both groups, with no significant difference between the 2 cohorts ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: The topical application of HA gel in periodontal pockets after SRP may have a beneﬁcial effect in PD patients. This additional treatment appears to help reducing 2 types of bacteria (Tf and Fn) better than non-surgical treatment only.
A Novel Framework of Singularity Cancellation Transformations for Strongly Near-Singular Integrals

In the solution of frequency- and time-domain integral equations, the singularity cancellation transformations are well-known for the treatments of the singular integrals involving Green’s functions and their gradients. The cancellation transformations for strongly near-singular integrals become inaccurate and inefficient for an extremely deformed triangular patch, and this phenomenon is referred to as shape-dependent problem in this article. As the degree of the singularity increases, the shape-dependent problem of strong near-singularity is more severe than that of the weakly near-singular integrals. Furthermore, if the source triangle is deformed, the accuracy of the cancellation methods decreases when no near singularity exists. In this work, we first investigate the reason for these problems via the theoretical analysis with numerical verification. Second, an updated framework of singularity cancellation methods for strongly near-singular integrals is proposed, which has a fast and consistent convergence rate for both regular and irregular triangles. Third, some numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical framework and the proposed transformations.
Effects of Polyphenols in Tea (Camellia sinensis sp.) on the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Human Trials and Animal Studies

A diet high in polyphenols is associated with a diversified gut microbiome. Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, after water. The health benefits of tea might be attributed to the presence of polyphenol compounds such as flavonoids (e.g., catechins and epicatechins), theaflavins, and tannins. Although many studies have been conducted on tea, little is known of its effects on the trillions of gut microbiota. Hence, this review aimed to systematically study the effect of tea polyphenols on the stimulation or suppression of gut microbiota in humans and animals. It was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Articles were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus databases, and data were extracted from 6 human trials and 15 animal studies. Overall, large variations were observed in terms of microbiota composition between humans and animals. A more consistent pattern of diversified microbiota was observed in animal studies. Tea alleviated the gut microbiota imbalance caused by high-fat diet-induced obesity, diabetes, and ultraviolet-induced damage. The overall changes in microbiota composition measured by beta diversity analysis showed that tea had shifted the microbiota from the pattern seen in animals that received tea-free intervention. In humans, a prebiotic-like effect was observed toward the gut microbiota, but these results appeared in lower-quality studies. The beta diversity in human microbiota remains intact despite tea intervention; supplementation with different teas affects different types of bacterial taxa in the gut. These studies suggest that tea polyphenols may have a prebiotic effect in disease-induced animals and in a limited number of human interventions. Further intervention is needed to identify the mechanisms of action underlying the effects of tea on gut microbiota.
Axial Dispersion in a Pulsed and Nonpulsed Disc and Doughnut Solvent Extraction Column

In solvent extraction columns mechanical agitation is usually introduced to improve the extraction efficiency. However, some industrial columns have been found to have higher extraction efficiency while running with no pulsation. In this study, axial dispersion coefficients in the continuous phase were measured under pulsing and nonpulsing conditions using a 72.5 mm diameter disc and doughnut solvent extraction column. The axial dispersion coefficients were measured using the unsteady tracer injection method. Under nonpulsing conditions, the axial dispersion coefficient increased with increasing continuous phase velocity, but it did not change significantly with the increase of the dispersed phase velocity. With increasing pulsation intensity, the axial dispersion coefficient increased. A correlation is proposed to predict the continuous phase axial dispersion coefficient in a pulsing and nonpulsing disc and doughnut solvent extraction column.
Logic Synthesis for Emerging Technologies

Emerging technologies are being considered to replace the conventional CMOS-based design that seems arriving to its end of life due to the limits of MOS transistor shrinking. However, since those novel devices are not necessarily switch-based ones, the traditional AND/OR logic synthesis process in the digital integrated circuit design flow tends to become inefficient, whereas threshold logic paradigm seems to be more appropriate for them. In this context, different methods for threshold logic synthesis, suitable for emerging technologies, are reviewed in this paper. The majority logic based design is also discussed herein since it represents a subset of threshold logic domain, and many new technologies have presented the 3-input majority Boolean function as the most basic logic gate. Experimental data, presented in previous works, are used to illustrate and compare the performance of the state-ofthe-art logic synthesis methods related to
The content of magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium in infant formulas

Mother’s milk is the basic food for infants. Sometimes women for various reasons cannot continue or are not willing to continue breastfeeding their babies and then infant formula provides an alternative. Although breast milk substitutes for infants are produced using high technology methods, their composition is to some extent different than that of breast milk. Breast milk does not contain a high amount of minerals on the overall (ash accounts for circa 0.2 %) but they are characterised by a very high level of assimilability. On the other hand, cow’s milk contains much higher amounts of minerals – ca. 0.7%. Cow’s milk contains 3 to 4 times more Ca, Mg, Na and K than breast milk. The study aimed to analyse infant and baby formulas in terms of the content of Ca, Mg, Na and K. The study covered 11 infant formulas. All the formulas were annotated as “food for particular nutritional uses”. The powdered milk formulas were purchased from retailers in Lublin Voivodeship in August 2014, prior to their best-before dates. The content of Ca, Mg, Na and K was determined by means of flame atomic absorption spectrometry in a Varian SpectrAA 280 FS apparatus. It was found that starter infant formulas contained less of minerals covered by the study than had been declared. It was demonstrated that the content of Ca, Mg, Na and K in the analysed milk samples calculated per 100 kcal was generally comparable to their standard content.
Nutrient transformations in soil amended with rock phosphate enriched composts for improving productivity of wheat-green gram sequence

ABSTRACT The present study focuses on the transformations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) in soil amended with rock phosphate (RP) enriched composts prepared using different crop residues under wheat-green gram sequence. Data emanated from the field study revealed that significant buildup in available pools of potassium permanganate (KMnO4-N), Olsen-P, and calcium chloride (CaCl2-S) as well as different fractions of N, P, and S were maintained higher under RP enriched composts treated plot than control. The total N, P, and S varied from 979 to 1776, 604 to 1165, and 273 to 464 kg ha−1, respectively in different treatments. The yield of wheat and green gram was significantly correlated with different fractions of N, P, and S in soil. Results conclude that RP enriched compost could be an alternative and cost-effective option for mitigating the shortage of chemical fertilizers for crop production.