Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Representation of Plant Hydraulics in the Noah‐MP Land Surface Model: Model Development and Multiscale Evaluation

Plants are expected to face increasing water stress under future climate change. Most land surface models, including Noah‐MP, employ an idealized “big‐leaf” concept to regulate water and carbon fluxes in response to soil moisture stress through empirical soil hydraulics schemes (SHSs). However, such schemes have been shown to cause significant uncertainties in carbon and water simulations. In this paper, we present a novel plant hydraulics scheme (PHS) for Noah‐MP (hereafter, Noah‐MP‐PHS), which employs a big‐tree rather than big‐leaf concept, wherein the whole‐plant hydraulic strategy is considered, including root‐level soil water acquisition, stem‐level hydraulic conductance and capacitance, and leaf‐level anisohydricity and hydraulic capacitance. Evaluated against plot‐level observations from a mature, mixed hardwood forest at the University of Michigan Biological Station and compared with the default Noah‐MP, Noah‐MP‐PHS better represents plant water stress and improves water and carbon simulations, especially during periods of dry soil conditions. Noah‐MP‐PHS also improves the asymmetrical diel simulation of gross primary production under low soil moisture conditions. Noah‐MP‐PHS is able to reproduce different patterns of transpiration, stem water storage and root water uptake during a 2‐week dry‐down period for two species with contrasting plant hydraulic behaviors, i.e., the “cavitation risk‐averse” red maple and the “cavitation risk‐prone” red oak. Sensitivity experiments with plant hydraulic capacitance show that the stem water storage enables nocturnal plant water recharge, affects plant water use efficiency, and provides an important buffer to relieve xylem hydraulic stress during dry soil conditions.
An Assessment of ERA5 Reanalysis for Antarctic Near-Surface Air Temperature

The European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) released its latest reanalysis dataset named ERA5 in 2017. To assess the performance of ERA5 in Antarctica, we compare the near-surface temperature data from ERA5 and ERA-Interim with the measured data from 41 weather stations. ERA5 has a strong linear relationship with monthly observations, and the statistical significant correlation coefficients (p < 0.05) are higher than 0.95 at all stations selected. The performance of ERA5 shows regional differences, and the correlations are high in West Antarctica and low in East Antarctica. Compared with ERA5, ERA-Interim has a slightly higher linear relationship with observations in the Antarctic Peninsula. ERA5 agrees well with the temperature observations in austral spring, with significant correlation coefficients higher than 0.90 and bias lower than 0.70 °C. The temperature trend from ERA5 is consistent with that from observations, in which a cooling trend dominates East Antarctica and West Antarctica, while a warming trend exists in the Antarctic Peninsula except during austral summer. Generally, ERA5 can effectively represent the temperature changes in Antarctica and its three subregions. Although ERA5 has bias, ERA5 can play an important role as a powerful tool to explore the climate change in Antarctica with sparse in situ observations.
Ocular Co-infection with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Toxoplasma Gondii in an Immunocompetent Patient – A Case Report

ABSTRACT Purpose To report a case of ocular co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Toxoplasma gondii in an immunocompetent woman. Method Retrospective observational case report. Result A 61-year-old woman presented with decreased vision and floaters in the right eye of 1-month duration. Ocular examination revealed panuveitis with a large yellowish-white retinochoroiditis lesion adjacent to a chorioretinal scar. Investigations showed positive Mantoux test, QuantiFERON TB test, and HRCT chest suggestive of active pulmonary tuberculosis. Serology revealed raised IgG anti T. gondii antibody. Vitreous aspirate was positive for M. tuberculosis and T. gondii genome by polymerase chain reaction and showed high IgG and IgM T. gondii antibodies. She was treated with anti toxoplasmic and antitubercular therapy along with oral corticosteroid and therapeutic vitrectomy. Conclusion Ocular tuberculosis and toxoplasmosis can not only mimic each other but also present as co-infection in rare cases.
Analysing the choice and pattern of needs of transportation mode for domestic tourists in Bali

Travel behaviour of domestic tourists concerning their choices of transportation mode has a significant role in managing traffic in the tourist destination. This study analyses the domestic tourists’ choice and their pattern of needs of transportation mode in Bali as the case study. The developed models are based on utility maximisation of underlying preferences for each of the available modes of transport. Domestic tourists are randomly selected and interviewed using the questionnaire to record their daily trips. The study result indicates that income, number of visits and travel companions significantly influence the choice of transportation mode for domestic tourists. Meanwhile, income, number of visits, length of stays, trip purpose and main issues in selecting local transport mode significantly affect the pattern of needs of transportation mode for domestic tourists. For example, two accompanying persons will be three times more than that of seven persons or more to choose motorcycle and bus than a car. Domestic tourists who have visited Bali twice will be three times more than those who visited Bali once to use travel agents and rented vehicles than public and online transport and others. Further studies on short duration trips and sustainable mode of transport are suggested.
Vibration suppression of structures using tuned mass damper technology: A state-of-the-art review

To date, considerable attention has been paid to the development of structural vibration suppression techniques. Among all vibration suppression devices and techniques, the tuned mass damper is one of the most promising technologies due to its mechanical simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and reliable operation. In this article, a critical review of the structural vibration suppression using tuned mass damper technology will be presented mainly focused on the following four categories: (1) tuned mass damper technology and its modifications, (2) tuned mass damper technology in discrete and continuous structures (mathematical modeling), (3) optimization procedure to obtain the optimally designed tuned mass damper system, and (4) active tuned mass damper and semi-active tuned mass damper with the practical realization of the tuned mass damper technologies.
Influence of trust in information system: Understanding user’s satisfaction of e-campus usage

Online teaching aids are becoming prevalent among higher-learning institutions. It requires a significant amount of investment, however, and if users do not use it, the investment would not benefit and would be deemed a failure. The objective of our research has been to test the role of trust in predicting continuance intention to use e-campus. Data were collected from 500 undergraduate and postgraduate students from private university in Kuantan Malaysia using a validated set of questionnaire. Simple linear regression statistics has been performed to answer the research question. The results show that trust was positively related to the continued intention to use e-campus, which explained a total variance of 53%. Implications from these results are further discussed.
Spatial Dynamics between Firm Sales and Environmental Responsibility: The Mediating Role of Corporate Innovation

Corporate environmental responsibility (CER) is increasingly gaining interest among researchers and practitioners. Despite this extensive interest, systematic research regarding the effect of sales on environmental performance remains scarce. In this study, an empirical analysis on a sample of 909 Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2016 showed that sales positively impact environmental performance. This study also showed that corporate innovation mediates the relationship between sales and environmental performance. Furthermore, this study showed that environmental performance has a positive spatial spillover effect. Enterprises appear to promote their own environmental performance as a response to a rise in the environmental performance of their neighbors. The external control theory of organization has important reference significance and explanatory power for CER behavior in emerging economies.
Combining Multiple Organizational-level Databases: An Empirical Evaluation of Different Matching Methods

Although multiple organizational-level databases are frequently combined into one data set, there is no overview of the matching methods (MMs) that are utilized because the vast majority of studies does not report how this was done. Furthermore, it is unclear what the differences are between the utilized methods, and it is unclear whether research findings might be influenced by the utilized method. This article describes four commonly used methods for matching databases and potential issues. An empirical comparison of those methods used to combine regularly used organizational-level databases reveals large differences in the number of observations obtained. Furthermore, empirical analyses of these different methods reveal that several of them produce both systematic and random errors. These errors can result in erroneous estimations of regression coefficients in terms of direction and/or size as well as an issue where truly significant relationships might be found to be insignificant. This shows that research findings can be influenced by the MM used, which would argue in favor of the establishment of a preferred method as well as more transparency on the utilized method in future studies. This article provides insight into the matching process and methods, suggests a preferred method, and should aid researchers, reviewers, and editors with both combining multiple databases and describing and assessing them.
Real-time detection of water dynamics in abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino) during drying and rehydration processes assessed by LF-NMR and MRI

ABSTRACT To detect the water dynamics in abalone during drying is essential for the textural quality improvement, however, sufficiently rapid and nondestructive methods of abalone moisture monitoring are currently lacking. In this study, water changes in abalone during drying and rehydration processes were assessed using low field nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging. A close correlation was observed between ATotal and the total moisture content, and a prediction model with high correlation (R2 = 0.935) was established. Furthermore, good correlations (R2 > 0.950) between hardness, chewiness, rehydration ratio, and T22 relaxation of dried abalone were observed during the rehydration process.
Land–Lake Linkage and Remote Sensing Application in Water Quality Monitoring in Lake Okeechobee, Florida, USA

The state of water quality of lakes is highly related to watershed processes which will be responsible for the delivery of sediment, nutrients, and other pollutants to receiving water bodies. The spatiotemporal variability of water quality parameters along with the seasonal changes were studied for Lake Okeechobee, South Florida. The dynamics of selected four water quality parameters: total phosphate (TP), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total suspended solid (TSS), and chlorophyll-a (chl-a) were analyzed using data from satellites and water quality monitoring stations. Statistical approaches were used to establish correlation between reflectance and observed water quality records. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data (2000 and 2007) and Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI) in 2015 in dry and wet seasons were used in the analysis of water quality variability in Lake Okeechobee. Water quality parameters were collected from twenty-six (26) monitoring stations for model development and validation. In the regression model developed, individual bands, band ratios and various combination of bands were used to establish correlation, and hence generate the models. A stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) approach was employed and the results showed that for the dry season, higher coefficient of determination (R2) were found (R2 = 0.84 for chl-a and R2 = 0.67 for TSS) between observed water quality data and the reflectance data from the remotely-sensed data. For the wet season, the R2 values were moderate (R2 = 0.48 for chl-a and R2 = 0.60 for TSS). It was also found that strong correlation was found for TP and TKN with chl-a, TSS, and selected band ratios. Total phosphate and TKN were estimated using best-fit multiple linear regression models as a function of reflectance data from Landsat TM and OLI, and ground data. This analysis showed a high coefficient of determination in dry season (R2 = 0.92 for TP and R2 = 0.94 for TKN) and in wet season (R2 = 0.89 for TP and R2 = 0.93 for TKN). Based on the findings, the Multiple linear regression (MLR) model can be a useful tool for monitoring large lakes like Lake Okeechobee and also predict the spatiotemporal variability of both optically active (Chl-a and TSS) and inactive water (nutrients) quality parameters.
Transition Metal Dissolution, Ion Migration, Electrocatalytic Reduction and Capacity Loss in Lithium-Ion Full Cells

Continuous operation of full cells with layered transition metal (TM) oxide positive electrodes (NCM523) leads to dissolution of TM ions and their migration and incorporation into the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) of the graphite-based negative electrode. These processes correlate with cell capacity fade and accelerate markedly as the upper cutoff voltage (UCV) exceeds 4.30 V. At voltages ≥ 4.4 V there is enhanced fracture of the oxide during cycling that creates new surfaces and causes increased solvent oxidation and TM dissolution. Despite this deterioration, cell capacity fade still mainly results from lithium loss in the negative electrode SEI. Among TMs, Mn content in the SEI shows a better correlation with cell capacity loss than Co and Ni contents. As Mn ions become incorporated into the SEI, the kinetics of lithium trapping change from power to linear at the higher UCVs, indicating a large effect of these ions on SEI growth and implicating (electro)catalytic reactions. We estimate that each Mn II ion deposited in the SEI causes trapping of ∼ 10 2 additional Li + ions thereby hastening the depletion of cyclable lithium ions. Using these results, we sketch a mechanism for cell capacity fade, emphasizing the conceptual picture over the chemical detail.
Art, culture and paradox pedagogy in management learning: The case of Portuguese fado

We propose a reawakening of interest in the role of artistic knowing for managerial education, presenting a pedagogy that is sensitive to cultural context and aimed at enabling the phronetic management of paradox. Inspired by fado, the iconic Portuguese popular music, especially the ways in which it embodies the stresses of society, we develop strategies for management learning based on engagement with art that fosters sensitivity to paradox. We contribute to management learning by inviting practitioners to be sensitive to the complexity of competing tensions in the cultures and language in and through which everyday lives are lived by bringing attention to the potential of artistic knowing for highlighting and navigating management paradoxes, to develop phronesis.
Crowd, Lending, Machine, and Bias

Can machines outperform crowds in financial lending decisions? Using data from a crowd-lending platform, we show that, compared with portfolios created by crowds, a reasonably sophisticated machine can construct financial portfolios that provide better returns while controlling for risk. Further, we find that the machine-created portfolios benefit not only the lenders, but also the borrowers. Borrowers receive loans at a much lower interest rate as the machine can weed out the riskiest loans better than the crowds. We also find suggestive evidence of algorithmic bias in machine decisions. We find that, compared with women, men are more likely to receive loans by machine. We propose a general and effective “debiasing” method that can be applied to any prediction-focused machine learning (ML) applications. We show that the debiased ML algorithm, which suffers from lower prediction accuracy, still improves the crowd’s investment decisions in our context. Our results indicate that ML can help crowd-lending platforms better fulfill the promise of providing access to financial resources to otherwise underserved individuals and ensure fairness in the allocation of these resources.
Cultura de segurança em uma maternidade pública de ensino: conhecer para intervir

Objetivo: Avaliar a cultura de seguranca dos pacientes na perspectiva dos medicos que atuam em uma maternidade. Metodo: Trata-se de um estudo transversal e quantitativo, com abordagem descritiva, realizado entre os meses de marco e maio de 2016 com 124 medicos atuantes em uma maternidade publica de ensino do municipio de Fortaleza, Ceara, Brasil. As informacoes foram obtidas por meio do survey Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC), Criado pela Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), que avalia as percepcoes de profissionais em relacao a seguranca do paciente em 12 dimensoes. Resultados: entre as doze dimensoes avaliadas, uma apresentou taxa de resposta positiva acima de 75% (area fortalecida): aprendizado organizacional e melhoria continua (80,4%), e abaixo de 50% (areas com potencial de melhoria): as dimensoes passagens de plantao/turno, transferencias internas (45,96%) e frequencia de eventos notificados (39,51%). Quanto a percepcao geral sobre a seguranca do paciente, necessita de melhorias na visao dos medicos. Conclusao: O estudo demonstrou a existencia de uma cultura de seguranca na instituicao, mas com potencial de melhorias em algumas dimensoes o que pode ser alcancado atraves do desenvolvimento de intervencoes mais efetivas. Este tipo de investigacao e util pois serve como instrumento eficaz no planejamento, auxiliando os gestores nesta atividade.
Thermodynamic and Quality Performance Studies for Drying Kiwi in Hybrid Hot Air-Infrared Drying with Ultrasound Pretreatment

The present study examined the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment at three time the levels of 10, 20 and 30 min on some thermodynamic (effective moisture diffusivity coefficient(Deff), drying time, specific energy consumption (SEC), energy efficiency, drying efficiency, and thermal efficiency) and physical (color and shrinkage) properties of kiwifruit under hybrid hot air-infrared(HAI) dryer at different temperatures (50, 60 and 70 °C) and different thicknesses (4, 6 and 8 mm). A total of 11 mathematical models were applied to represent the moisture ratio (MR) during the drying of kiwifruit. The fitting of MR mathematical models to experimental data demonstrated that the logistic model can satisfactorily describe the MR curve of dried kiwifruit with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9997, root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.0177 and chi-square (χ2) of 0.0007. The observed Deff of dried samples ranged from 3.09 × 10−10 to 2.26 × 10−9 m2/s. The lowest SEC, color changes and shrinkage were obtained as 36.57 kWh/kg, 13.29 and 25.25%, respectively. The highest drying efficiency, energy efficiency, and thermal efficiency were determined as 11.09%, 7.69% and 10.58%, respectively. The results revealed that increasing the temperature and ultrasonic pretreatment time and decreasing the sample thickness led to a significant increase (p < 0.05) in drying efficiency, thermal efficiency, and energy efficiency, while drying time, SEC and shrinkage significantly decreased (p < 0.05).
The Impact of Pre-Marital Counseling and Psychological Variables on Marital Satisfaction Among Married Couples in Laterbiokoshie, Accra, Ghana.

The study examined the effect of pre-marital counseling on marital satisfaction and the relationship of three psychological variables, intimacy, self-esteem and locus of control among married couples who received marital counseling and married couples who did not receive marital counseling. The study employed a cross-sectional survey. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess all variables of interest. Data entry, validation and analysis was done using the Statistical Product and Services Solution software (SPSS version 25). The total number of study participants were 720. The sample was predominantly female, 430 (60%) and Christian, 675 (94%). Study participants who were married by ordinance comprised 400 (56%) and most of them attended pre-marital counseling 470 (65%) for at least five months (Mean, S.D. = 5.543.44). The results showed that couples who attended pre-marital counseling before marriage were more significantly satisfied with their marriages than those who did not attend pre-marital counseling before marrying [t(718) = 2.050, p<. 05]. Intimacy and self-esteem significantly influenced marital satisfaction among married couples who received pre-marital counseling, whereas only intimacy had a significant influence among couples who did not receive pre-marital counseling. Pre-marital counseling should be encouraged in all counseling centers and churches.
The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk

The density of milk is dependent upon various factors including temperature, processing conditions, and animal breed. This study evaluated the effect of different cow genetic groups, Jersey, elite Holstein Friesians (EHF), and national average Holstein Friesians (NAHF) on the compositional and physicochemical properties of milk. Approximately 1,040 representative (morning and evening) milk samples (~115 per month during 9 mo) were collected once every 2 wk. Milk composition was determined with a Bentley Dairyspec instrument. Data were analysed with a mixed linear model that included the fixed effects of sampling month, genetic group, interaction between month and genetic group and the random effects of cow to account for repeated measures on the same animal. Milk density was determined using three different analytical approaches – a portable and a standard desktop density meter and 100 cm3 calibrated glass pycnometers. Milk density was analysed with the same mixed model as for milk composition but including the analytical method as a fixed effect. Jersey cows had the greatest mean for fat content (5.69 ± 0.13%), followed by EHF (4.81 ± 0.16%) and NAHF (4.30 ± 0.15%). Milk density was significantly higher (1.0313 g/cm3 ± 0.00026, P < 0.05) for the milk of Jersey breed when compared to the EHF (1.0304 ± 0.00026 g/cm3) and NAHF (1.0303 ± 0.00024 g/cm3) genetic groups. The results from this study can be used by farmers and dairy processors alike to enhance accuracy when calculating the quantity and value of milk solids depending upon the genetic merit of the animal/herd, and may also improve milk payment systems through relating milk solids content and density.