Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Phytoconstituents, Caffeine Levels, Anti- bacterial Activities and Evolutionary Analysis of Acacia nilotica (subalata) and Coffea arabica Varieties

xv INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background information . 1 1.2 Statement of the problem . 3 1.3 Justification . 4 1.4 Research questions . 5 1.5 Objectives . 5 1.5. 1 General Objective. 5 1.5. 2 Specific objectives . 5 1.6 Null hypothesis . 6 vi LITERATURE REVIEW . 7 2.1Acacia nilotica (subalata) . 7 2.1.1 Taxonomy and ecology of Acacia nilotica . 7 2.1.2 Economic importance of Acacia nilotica. 7 2.1.3 Health benefits of Acacia nilotica . 10 2.2Coffea arabica . 10 2.2.1 Taxonomy and Ecology of Coffea arabica. 10 2.2.2 Economic importance of C. arabica . 12 2.2.3 Health benefits of C. arabica . 12 2.3 Plant secondary metabolites . 13 2.4 Pseudomonas aeruginosa . 14 2.4. 1 Taxonomy and description. 14 2.4. 2 Transmission and risk factors . 15 2.4. 3 Epidemiology and symptoms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . 16 2.4. 4 Treatment and prevention . 17 2.5 Ribulose-1, 5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase (rbcL) gene for phylogenetic analysis . 18 CHAPTER THREE . 20 MATERIALS AND METHODS . 20 3.1 Experimental site, collection and preparation. 20 3.2 Extract preparation . 22
Pathological, Genomic and Phenotypical Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Causative Agent of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) in Mexico

Moribund whiteleg shrimp ( Penaeus vannamei ) affected by acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) from farms in northwestern Mexico were sampled for pathological analysis. Bacterial isolates were molecularly identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) by the presence of the tlh gene. The tdh -negative, trh -negative and tlh -positive VP strains were further characterized by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR). The VP pure strains were used in immersion challenges with shrimp, and farmed and challenged shrimp presented the same clinical and pathological signs: lethargy, empty gut, pale and aqueous hepatopancreas and expanded chromatophores. Using fresh mount, histological analysis and bacterial density count, three stages of AHNPD (initial, acute and terminal) were identified in the affected shrimp. Pathognomonic lesions indicated severe desquamation of tubular epithelial cells of the hepatopancreas. VP had different virulence and was dose dependent. VP strains showed wide tolerance to different environment conditions of temperature, salinity and pH, and pathogenic and non-pathogenic VP strains from Mexico had similar morphological and physiological characteristics but pathogenic VP strains were most sensitive to nalidixic acid and showed resistance to penicillin. Whole genomic sequence of 22 VP strains from Asia, Mexico and South America shows the presence of similar chromosomic pathogenic mechanisms, and comparative analysis by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of seven genes clearly showed that most of the isolates are independent strains
Factors Influencing Viewing Behavior in Live Streaming: An Interview-Based Survey of Music Fans

V Live is a live-streaming service made by South Korean IT company in August 2015. The service provides diverse video contents specific to entertainment content. Most of V Live users are K-pop fans, and they actively express emotions on V Live content by writing comments, pressing “hearts”, and sharing video content. Based on Uses and Gratifications theory, this study investigated why people use live streaming service, and the factors influencing users’ viewing behavior in live streaming. We conducted an in-depth interview with V Live users. Based on the results of the interview, an online survey was conducted. As a result, six factors—“Interpersonal relationship motivation”, “Social presence motivation”, “Celebrity support motivation”, “Celebrity presence motivation”, “Social interaction motivation”, and “Differentiation motivation”—were derived as motivations to use V Live. While “Social presence motivation” and “Differentiation motivation” among V Live use motivations that have been shown to mediate the relationship between fans’ fanship and V Live viewing time, all motivations using V Live have been shown to mediate the relationship between fans’ fanship and V Live viewing participation.
Quantifying successional change and ecological similarity among Cretaceous and modern cold-seep faunas

Abstract. Accurately recognizing analogues between fossil and modern ecosystems allows paleoecologists to more fully interpret fossil assemblages and modern ecologists to leverage the fossil record to address long-term ecological and environmental changes. However, this becomes increasingly difficult as taxonomic turnover increases the dissimilarity between ecosystems. Here we use a guild-based approach to compare the ecological similarity of Cretaceous cold-seep assemblages preserved in the Pierre Shale surrounding the Black Hills and modern cold-seep assemblages from five previously recognized biofacies. We modify modern assemblage data to include only those taxa with fossilizable hard parts greater than 5 mm in length to make these modern data sets more comparable to potential fossil analogues. We find that while the Black Hills assemblages are more similar in ecological guild composition to the modern thyasirid biofacies, subsets share similarities in ecological structure to the lucinid and mussel-bed biofacies. The fossil seep assemblages are also more similar to one another than are modern assemblages belonging to the same biofacies, despite greater geographic and temporal dissimilarity among the fossil samples. Furthermore, guild-level ordination analyses show a secondary faunal gradient that reflects community succession in the hard substrate–dominated modern assemblages and reveals a parallel faunal gradient in the soft sediment–dominated Cretaceous assemblages, consistent with a gradient in the influence of seep fluids on the faunas. Thus, while the Black Hills assemblages are quite homogeneous in their composition, they capture ecological variation similar to successional patterns in modern seep systems.
Numerical Modeling of a Laboratory-Scale Waste Rock Pile Featuring an Engineered Cover System

Improved design to reduce contaminant mass loadings from waste rock piles is an increasingly important consideration. In certain cases, an engineered cover system containing a flow control layer (FCL) may be used to mitigate the release of metals out of a pile using capillary barrier effects (CBEs), diverting water away from reactive materials below. In this study, a reactive transport model was calibrated to observational data from a laboratory experiment designed to evaluate a cover system. The results show that the numerical model is capable of capturing flow rates out of multiple drainage ports and matching key effluent concentrations by including the spatial distribution of hydraulic parameters and mineral weathering rates. Simulations were also useful for characterizing the internal flow pathways within the laboratory experiment, showing the effectiveness of the cover in diverting the flow away from the reactive waste rock and identifying secondary CBEs between different rock types. The numerical model proved beneficial in building an improved understanding of the processes controlling the metal release and conceptualizing the system. The model was expanded to investigate the robustness of the cover system as a function of the applied infiltration rate, supporting that water diversion will occur with infiltration rates representative of field conditions.
Engagement y síndrome de desgaste ocupacional: su relación con la socialización organizacional y resiliencia psicológica

The aim of this study was to assess the levels of work engagement in organizations located in Mexico City using standardized tests, and to determine its relationship with the occurrence of occupational burnout (OB), organizational socialization (OS), and psychological resilience. To a sample of 1110 employees, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Organizational Socialization Inventory, the Occupational Burnout Scale, and the Mexican Resilience Scale were applied. A path analysis with structural equation modeling was carried out to determine the causal relationship between the different variables, specifically, we were interested to see if OS and resilience influence the levels of work engagement. Indeed, our model showed a good fit to the data and suggested that SO and resilience positively affected work engagement. On the contrary, all these measurements were diminished in OB cases, suggesting that work engagement casually decreased the probability of developing OB. These findings can be used to design effective interventions to prevent OB and promote positive behaviors such as work engagement.
Cloaking Using the Anisotropic Multilayer Sphere

We studied a Spherically Radially Anisotropic (SRA) multilayer sphere with an arbitrary number of layers. Within each layer permittivity components are different from each other in radial and tangential directions. Under the quasi-static approximation, we developed a more generalized mathematical model that can be used to calculate polarizability of the SRA multilayer sphere with any arbitrary number of layers. Moreover, the functionality of the SRA multilayer sphere as a cloak has been investigated. It has been shown that by choosing a suitable contrast between components of the permittivity, the SRA multilayer sphere can achieve threshold required for invisibility cloaking.
Power Control Optimization for Large-Scale Multi-Antenna Systems

Large-scale multi-antenna systems can effectively improve data transmission reliability and throughput for smart grid. However, the massive number of antennas and radio frequency (RF) chains also result in high complexity and energy cost. In this paper, we develop a new performance benchmark named energy economic efficiency for measuring the time-average throughput per energy cost. Then, we investigate how to maximize long-term energy economic efficiency via the joint optimization of communication and energy resource allocation. The formulated joint optimization problem is NP-hard because it not only involves long-term nonlinear optimization objective and constraints, but also involves both integer and continuous optimization variables. Next, we propose an online joint antenna selection and power control algorithm by combining nonlinear fractional programming, Lyapunov optimization, and bisection method. The proposed algorithm can achieve bounded performance deviation from the optimum performance without requiring the prior knowledge of future channel state information (CSI), energy arrival, and electricity price. Finally, a comprehensive theoretical analysis is provided, and the proposed algorithm is verified through simulations under various system configurations.
The Care of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are the 2 emerging epidemics in global cardiovascular disease. AF remains the most common cardiac arrhythmia, affecting over 33 million adults worldwide, and continues to increase in prevalence as the populations of many nations age. The prevalence of HF also surges, now afflicting 37 million adults globally. Interestingly, these 2 disease processes share many of the same risk factors and stem from many of the same pathophysiologic derangements, with AF occurring in over half of all patients with HF and HF occurring in over one third of all patients with AF. Furthermore, exacerbation of one of these ailments often drives decompensation or compromises therapy of the other, and it has been widely reported that coexistence of AF in patients with HF portends a poorer prognosis. As a result, many clinicians now routinely face the problem of AF in the patient with HF. In this review, we highlight the fundamental pathologic forces embedded in the relationship between AF and HF and then proceed to a discussion on the management of these complex patients with a detailed exploration of the clinical data.
Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics Fragile New Economy: Intangible Capital, Corporate Savings Glut, and Financial Instability

Intangible-intensive firms in the U.S. hold an enormous amount of liquid assets that are in fact short-term debts issued by financial intermediaries. This paper builds a macro-finance model that captures this structure. A self-perpetuating savings glut emerges in equilibrium. As intangibles become increasingly important for production, firms hoard more liquidity to finance investments in intangibles with limited pledgeability. The resulting low interest rates induce intermediaries to increase leverage and bid up asset prices, which in turn encourages firms to invest more and hoard even more liquidity to fund expansion. Along these secular trends, endogenous risk accumulates in the financial system. ∗I am grateful to Tobias Adrian, Juliane Begenau, Jonathan Berk, Patrick Bolton, Diana Bonfim, Maria Chaderina, Guojun Chen, Itay Goldstein, Gur Huberman, Jianjun Miao, Kjell Nyborg, Martin Oehmke, Adrifano Rampini, Tano Santos, Thomas Sargent, José Scheinfkman, Suresh Sundaresan, Neng Wang, and Pengfei Wang for helpful comments, and to John Lynch for excellent research assistance. I am also grateful to conference and seminar participants at CEPR ESSFM Gerzensee, Columbia University, CMU/OSU/Pittsburgh/Penn State Junior Conference, European Finance Association annual meeting, European Winter Finance Summit, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Finance Theory Group summer school, HKUST Annual Macro Workshop, LBS Trans-Atlantic Doctoral Conference, North America Summer Meeting of Econometric Society, and Western Finance Association annual meeting. I acknowledge the generous financial support from the Macro Financial Modeling Group of Becker Friedman Institute (University of Chicago) and Studienzentrum Gerzensee. All errors are mine. This paper was previously circulated under the title “Fragile New Economy: The Rise of Intangible Capital and Financial Instability”. †The Ohio State University. E-mail: li.8935@osu.edu Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2598182
Simultaneous Incomplete Traffic Data Imputation and Similarity Pattern Discovery with Bayesian Nonparametric Tensor Decomposition

A crucial task in traffic data analysis is similarity pattern discovery, which is of great importance to urban mobility understanding and traffic management. Recently, a wide range of methods for similarities discovery have been proposed and the basic assumption of them is that traffic data is complete. However, missing data problem is inevitable in traffic data collection process due to a variety of reasons. In this paper, we propose the Bayesian nonparametric tensor decomposition (BNPTD) to achieve incomplete traffic data imputation and similarity pattern discovery simultaneously. BNPTD is a hierarchical probabilistic model, which is comprised of Bayesian tensor decomposition and Dirichlet process mixture model. Furthermore, we develop an efficient variational inference algorithm to learn the model. Extensive experiments were conducted on a smart card dataset collected in Guangzhou, China, demonstrating the effectiveness of our methods. It should be noted that the proposed BNPTD is universal and can also be applied to other spatiotemporal traffic data.
VIPIR and 50 MHz Radar Studies of Gravity Wave Signatures in 150‐km Echoes Observed at Jicamarca

Range‐time‐intensity (RTI) plots of 50 MHz radar backscatter detected at Jicamarca from the 150‐km region of the equatorial ionosphere exhibit necklace‐shaped multilayered structures first reported by Kudeki and Fawcett (1993, https://doi.org/10.1029/93GL01256). The backscatter layers also exhibit quasi‐periodic intensity fluctuations with periods of about 5–15 min and are separated from adjacent layers by thin and undulating regions of no detectible power returns. A study of the fluctuating backscatter layers and undulating gap regions will be presented using VIPIR ionosonde data taken at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory simultaneously with high‐resolution 50‐MHz radar backscatter data. VIPIR virtual reflection height variations in time are noted to match the RTI gap‐region undulations very closely at selected VIPIR frequencies (or, equivalently, electron densities at reflection heights). This matching enables assigning “true heights” to VIPIR virtual height contour maps, and a joint study of the contour maps with the 50‐MHz radar RTI maps strongly suggests that correlated fluctuations and undulations observed in VIPIR and 50‐MHz radar data are indicative of gravity wave‐induced variations in the 150‐km region ionosphere. Accordingly, a complete explanation of the 150‐km echo phenomenon will need to include gravity wave coupling and forcing effects in the enhancement and suppression processes that can account for the observed fluctuations and gap‐region features of necklace‐shaped 150‐km echo maps.
Hypertension prevalence and associated risk factors in elderly people of Northern India

Background: Of the estimated 57 million global deaths in 2008, 36 million (63%) were due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In terms of attributable deaths, the leading behavioural and physiological risk factors globally are raised blood pressure (to which 13% of global deaths are attributed), followed by tobacco use (9%), raised blood glucose (6%), physical inactivity (6%) and being overweight or obese (5%). With this background the current study was planned to compare the prevalence and modifiable risk factors of hypertension amongst the rural and urban geriatric population.Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 535 persons aged 60 years or more, belonging to the families residing in the field practice areas of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly. House to house visits were made for face-to-face interview.Results: The mean age of elderly was 66.76±5.92 years. The proportion of elderly who were apparently healthy was 10.1%. The most frequent morbidity found was hypertension (40%) followed in order by obesity (30.67%), arthritis (26.86%), diabetes (25.72%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (19.43%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (14.1%) and irritable bowel syndrome (3.62%). Hypertension was found to be positively associated with increasing age, not being with the spouse (separated, not married or widowed), being businessman, daily consumption of oil and salt, duration of use of tobacco, better socio-economic status, sedentary occupational physical activity and not getting support from the family.Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension is higher in urban area. Hypertension is associated with age, marital separation, fat and salt consumption, tobacco and sedentary occupation.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity and nutrient uptake in wheat and soil fertility.

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of A.S. (P.G) College, Lakhaoti, Bulandshahr (U.P) to study the effect of INM on productivity and nutrient uptake in wheat and soil fertility. The yield attributes like earhead length (cm), number of grains per earhead and 1000grains weight (grams) increased by increasing fertility levels from 50% to 100% and with the integration of vermicompost / FYM and PSB with inorganic fertilizers (NPK and Zn) and were recorded highest with the treatment comprised of 100% recommended fertilizer dose plus vermicompost +Zn+PSB. The significantly higher grain and straw yield of wheat (52.75 and 61.65 q/ha, respectively) were recorded with the conjunctive use of vermicompost, PSB and Zn in collaboration with 100% recommended fertilizer dose as compared to its counter part of 50% recommended NPK, whether applied alone or in combination with FYM, PSB, Zn and vermicompst (VC). Significant improvement owing to appropriate combination of NPK, VC/FYM, Zn and PSB was observed for the nutrient uptake by the crop and the maximum nutrient uptake was noticed due to 100% RFD of NPK + VC +Zn +PSB and minimum with control. The maximum fertility status in terms of available N, P, K and Zn after the harvest of crop as (231.0, 18.5, 130.6 kg/ha and 1.64 mg/kg, respectively) was recorded with treatment T 20 comprised of 100% recommended NPK + VC + Zn + PSB. See end of the article for authors’ affiliations
EFFECT OF FIBER ORIENTATION PATH ON THE BUCKLING, FREE VIBRATION, AND STATIC ANALYSES OF VARIABLE ANGLE TOW PANELS

In this work, the effect of the fiber orientation on the mechanical response of variable angle tow (VAT) panels is investigated. A computationally efficient high-order one-dimensional model, derived under the framework of the Carrera unified formulation (CUF), is used. In detail, a layerwise approach is adopted to predict the complex phenomena that may appear in VAT panels. Static, free-vibration and buckling analyses are performed, considering several material properties, geometries, and boundary conditions, and the results are assessed with those obtained using existing approaches. Considering the findings of the comparative analysis, several best design practices are suggested to improve the mechanical performances of VAT panels.
Distribution, Habitat Preference, and Management of the Invasive Ambrosia Beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in European Forests with an Emphasis on the West Carpathians

The black timber bark beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) is an invasive ambrosia beetle that originates from Southeast Asia and has become successfully established within Europe and North America. Herein, we provide a review of the spread and distribution of this tree and timber pest species across Europe, before and after 2000, along with a review of its habitat preferences. Since the spread of X. germanus across Europe has accelerated rapidly post-2000, emphasis is placed on this period. X. germanus was first recorded in Germany in 1951 and since then in 21 other European countries along with Russia. Ethanol-baited traps were deployed in oak, beech, and spruce forest ecosystems in the Western Carpathians, Central Europe, Slovakia, to characterize the distribution and habitat preferences of this non-native ambrosia beetle. Captures of X. germanus within Slovakia have been rising rapidly since its first record in 2010, and now this species dominates captures of ambrosia beetles. X. germanus has spread throughout Slovakia from south-southwest to north-northeast over a period of 5–10 years, and has also spread vertically into higher altitudes within the country. While living but weakened trees in Europe and North America are attacked by X. germanus, the greatest negative impact within Slovakia is attacks on recently felled logs of oak, beech and spruce trees, which provide high quality timber/lumber. We suggest that the recent rapid spread of X. germanus in Central Europe is being facilitated by environmental changes, specifically global warming, and the increasing frequency of timber trade. Recommendations for the management of X. germanus in forest ecosystems are proposed and discussed, including early detection, monitoring, sanitary measures, etc.