Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can stable isotopes quantify soil carbon build-up from organic fertilizers?

ABSTRACT The application of organic fertilizers (OF) can supply carbon (C) to the soil in crop fields. OF-derived C (OF-C) is often estimated using the differential method that can be biased due to indirect effects of OF on soil C. This study tested three methods to quantify OF–C: (i) the widespread differential method, (ii) the synchronic isotope method comparing plots with and without OF and (iii) the asynchronic isotope method mimicking a trial without a control plot. These methods were implemented on an Arenosol and an Andosol supplied during 13 years with slurry or compost. The results highlighted the relevance of using the synchronic isotope method, which focuses on the direct effect of OFs on the soil organic matter (without bias of vegetation change) and considers control soil’s evolution. The higher the isotopic difference between soil and OF, the shorter the method implementation time needed: for an initial difference of 7.5 ‰ and 3.5 ‰, quantification is suitable after 4 and 9 years of fertilization respectively. Attention should be paid to OF-δ13C variability to guarantee the method validity. The method proved to be suitable to study the factors controlling the OF-C fate in tropical soils.
Melatonin Abates TMJOA Chronic Pain by MT2R in Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is one of the most common diseases causing chronic pain in the oral and maxillofacial region. So far, there are few ways to relieve the pain of TMJOA. Melatonin (MT) has a good analgesic effect in many diseases, including fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, chronic headache, and burn pain, with very low acute toxicity and side effects. This study was to investigate the role and mechanism of MT in TMJOA chronic pain. In rats TMJOA chronic pain occurred at day 14 after an intra–temporomandibular joint injection of monosodium iodoacetate, which we previously reported. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed that MT levels were higher in the synovial fluid from patients and rats with TMJOA as compared with those from control. Fluorescent retrograde tracing (Dil) identified that upregulation of MT type 2 receptor (MT2R) in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons innervating rat temporomandibular joints was accompanied by TMJOA chronic pain. Nociceptive behavior as assessed by von Frey and the Rat Grimace Scale demonstrated that exogenous administration of MT relieved chronic pain in TMJOA rats, whereas blocking MT2R with 4P-PDOT reversed the analgesic effect of MT. Immunofluorescence analysis also confirmed that MT inhibited CGRP and IB4 expression of TG neurons, and this inhibition was reversed by administering the MT2R antagonist in TMJOA rats. By using Fluo-3 AM-based calcium imaging in vitro, MT elicited calcium transients in Dil+ TG neurons, which were significantly abolished by 4P-PDOT. Collectively, this study suggested that MT relieves the TMJOA chronic pain of rats through downregulation of sensitized CGRP+ and IB4+ neurons in TG via MT2R. This will be helpful for health care professionals utilizing MT as an option against TMJOA chronic pain.
ESTIMATION OF QUALITY FACTOR (QΒ) AND SOURCE PARAMETERS USING ACCELEROGRAMS: NW-IRAN

High-frequency strong-motion data of two recent major earthquakes of the Ahar-Varzaghan of Northwestern Iran have been analyzed to determine the shear-wave quality factor for this region. Data from a local array of 12 stations, two main shocks (Ahar-Varzaghan doublet earthquakes of 11 August 2012 (Mw 6.4 and 6.2)), and 38 aftershocks were used to determine Qβ(f) and the corresponding source parameters. By using the inversion algorithm in this study, an average relation in the form, Qβ=(114±21)f (0.90±0.07) is obtained for the AharVarzaghan region of NW-Iran. The present inversion of strong-motion data gives the corner frequencies for these earthquakes as 0.18 and 0.15 Hz, respectively, which correspond to the stress-drop values of 87 bars and 38 bars, respectively. This Q(f) relationship suggests a low Qo value and a high n value for high heterogeneous, tectonically and seismically active regions.
SEISMIC RESPONSE OF YIELDING FRAMES COUPLED WITH RESTRAINED ROCKING WALLS

This paper investigates the inelastic response of a yielding structure coupled with a vertically restrained rocking wall. The paper first derives the nonlinear equations of motion of a yielding oscillator coupled with a vertically restrained rocking wall and the dependability of the one-degree of freedom idealization is validated against the nonlinear time-history response analysis of the 9-story SAC moment-resisting steel frame that is coupled with a stepping, vertically restrained rocking wall. While, the coupling of weak building frames with rocking walls is an efficient strategy that controls inelastic deformations by enforcing a uniform interstory-drift distribution, therefore, avoiding mid-story failures, the paper shows that even for medium-rise buildings the effect of vertical tendons on the inelastic structural response is marginal, with the exception of increasing the vertical reactions at the pivoting points of the rocking wall. Accordingly, the paper, concludes that for mediumto high-rise buildings vertical tendons in rocking walls are not beneficial.
SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS OF DAMS: CASE STUDY ON SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION

In the present study the seismic performance of the Pine Flat Dam, California, US, is investigated considering stochastic soil structure interaction effects, within the concept of material clustering. The concrete gravity dam with the subsoil was modelled and verified by means of a 2D plane strain dynamic finite element model. Six and three clusters were used to vary stochastically the linear elastic material parameters of the concrete dam and the underlying subsoil respectively. Three case studies were performed to investigate the effect of stochastic and soil-structure interaction (SSI) modelling under earthquake loading: firstly the dam is modelled on rigid base without stochastic and SSI, secondly the dam is modelled on elastic base including the subsoil model with mean values of material parameters and finally the dam is modelled on elastic base by means of 100 stochastic simulations with randomly generated material properties of the concrete and the subsoil. The resulting relative horizontal and vertical displacements between two points of the dam give different values depending on the kind of modelling as expected. It clearly shows the influence of stochastic as well as soil-structure interaction modelling on the results. The present study provides the basis for in depth investigation and analysis of a similar concrete gravity dam situated in the Kyrgyz Republic comprised in the just started cooperative project “Multiparameter monitoring and risk assessment of hydro-electric dams in the Kyrgyz Republic” (MI-DAM).
A consecutive‐interpolation polyhedral finite element method for solid structures

In this paper, we investigate the use of a consecutive‐interpolation for polyhedral finite element method (CIPFEM) in the analysis of three‐dimensional solid mechanics problems. A displacement‐based Galerkin weak form is used, in which the nodal degrees of freedom (DOF) and their derivatives are both considered for the approximation scheme. Based on arbitrary star‐convex polyhedral elements using piecewise linear shape function, the present method can have the advantage of being applicable to complicated structures. Nevertheless, the proposed interpolation technique gives higher‐order continuity, greater accuracy with the same number of DOFs. The reliability and efficiency of the CIPFEM are proved by comparing the present results with those obtained by the consecutive‐interpolation for tetrahedral element (CT4), conventional linear FEM using polyhedral elements (PFEM), and tetrahedral elements (T4) through numerical examples. Cantilever beam, concrete corbel, and complex hollow concrete revetment block are considered to show the excellent performance of the present approach.
AutoML Adoption in ML Software

Machine learning (ML) has become essential to a vast range of applications, while ML experts are in short supply. To alleviate this problem, AutoML aims to make ML easier and more eﬃcient to use. Even so, it is not clear to which extent AutoML techniques are actually adopted in an engineering context, nor what facilitates or inhibits adoption. To study this, we deﬁne AutoML engineering practices, measure their adoption through surveys, and distil ﬁrst insights into factors inﬂuencing adoption from two initial interviews. Depending on the practice, results show around 20 to 30% of the respondents have not adopted it at all and many more only partially, leaving substantial room for increases in adoption. The interviews indicate adoption may in part be inhibited by usability issues with AutoML frameworks and the increased computational resources needed for adoption.
Scientific Approach-Integrated Local Wisdom Content: A Physics Learning Design To Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Skills

Good critical thinking and problem solving skills become essential factors in helping students to achieve a better performance in learning physics. This research was aimed at analyzing the effect of scientific approach-integrated local wisdom content on senior high students’ critical thinking ability, and problem solving skills. This research used a quasiexperiment with the post-test only control group design. The research population consisted of all eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 4 Singaraja in the academic year 2018/2019 with the total of 220 students. The equality of the classes was firstly tested and the sample was then selected by random sampling technique. The research instruments were critical thinking ability test and problem solving skills test. Before they were used, their validity and reliability were tested. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively and to test the hypothesis of this research used MANOVA at α = 0.05. The results of the study revealed that there was a difference simultaneously on students’ critical thinking ability and problem solving skills between students who learned through the scientific approach-integrated local wisdom content learning model and those who learned with conventional learning model. Higher critical thinking and problem solving skills was achieved by the students who learned through the scientific based-learning approach with local wisdom content. Keywords—scientific process based-approach, local-genius based content, critical thinking ability and physics problem solving skills
THE JUNE-JULY, 2017 EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCES IN EASTERN AEGEAN SEA: GROUND MOTIONS, GEOTECHNICAL GROUND FAILURES AND STRUCTURAL RESPONSE

This paper, is a reconnaissance report for the two strong earthquakes which occurred during the summer of 2017 at eastern Aegean sea between Greek Islands and the Turkish mainland coasts, resulted in damage and limited human losses. The common characteristic of these events is that both are related to an extensional transition zone between Anatolia and Aegean plates, resulted to normal rupture. The first earthquake with magnitude Mw6.3 occurred on June 12 off the SSE coasts of Lesvos Island (N. Aegean Sea) and was associated with a normal rupture striking almost EW. One woman was killed, several people were injured at Lesvos Island and the village of Vrysa sustained severe damage including collapse of masonry poorly built houses. Minor damages were also observed at the facing coasts of Turkey. On July 20 another earthquake with magnitude, Mw6.6 rattled the island of Kos, where two people were killed about 10 were seriously injured and many suffered minor injuries. Moderate damage were observed at the town of Kos where the quake damaged churches and various monuments. Limited damage were observed to modern RC structures. Damage were also observed at the resort of Bodrum, including cracks on walls of some buildings flooded the lower floors of sea-front hotels and sent moored boats crashing toward the shore. Some earthquakeinduced geotechnical failures at the port of Kos and a small tsunami was observed at the northern coasts of Kos and the coasts of Turkey.
A retrospective study on clinico-demographic and outcome profile of patients admitted in PICU

Aim: To evaluate the clinical profile and outcome of children admitted in PICU. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar, India for 1 year from April 2019 to March 2020. 180 children of age less than 14 years admitted to PICU with complete patient information along with the investigation reports in the medical records were included in the study. Outcome was noted as discharge, discharge against medical advice, referred or death. History, examination details and investigations done was noted. Results: Out of these 180 patients, 132 (73.33%) were males and remaining 48 (26.67%) were females. Male to female ratio was 2.75:1. Maximum numbers of patients were in the age group of more than 28 days to 1 year which constituted 99 (55%) cases. Central nervous system involvement was the commonest (34.44%) cause for PICU admission followed by sepsis/infections (19.44%). Down’s syndrome was present in 1.11% case. Out of the 180 patients admitted to PICU, 40 (22.22%) patients died. Conclusion: Children under 5 years of age constituted the major load of the patients in our PICU. Neurological problems, infectious diseases, respiratory illness and poisoning were the most common cause for PICU admissions.
Epidemiological and clinical risk factors for non-erosive reflux disease, erosive esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus in Russia

The aim of the study was to identify the epidemiological and clinical factors predisposing to non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), erosive esophagitis (EE) and Barrett’s esophagus. Materials and methods: 1433 patients with GERD from Moscow, Moscow region, St. Petersburg and Leningrad region were studied. During the study complaints and anamnestic data were gathered, anthropometry, tests for H. pylori infection and upper endoscopy were performed. Spearman rank correlation was used to identify the correlation of clinical characteristics with NERD, EE and Barrett’s esophagus. 880 patients with GERD (407 with NERD, 443 with EE, 27 with Barrett’s esophagus, 3 with esophageal stricture) were selected for correlation analysis due to the presence of all necessary parameters. Results: The prevalence of two main GERD phenotypes - EE and NERD - was approximately equal in the patients of Russian megapolises. Male gender was significantly negatively correlated with NERD development (p=0.002011). An inverse correlation was found between NERD and older age groups (p=0.002459), high weight circumference (WC) (p=0.003733), long duration of GERD symptoms (p=0.012984), the results of the GerdQ≥8 points (p=0.040030). In the group of patients with EE grade A-B, a significant inverse correlation was revealed with age over 40 years (p=0.002708), high body mass index (BMI) (p=0.020957), and high WC (p=0.001293). The male gender (p=0.000108) and the duration of GERD symptoms more than 3 years (p=0.028292) were significantly associated with severe grades of EE development. The male gender (p=0.007505) and not using of PPIs over the past 6 months (p=0.015930) were positively associated with Barrett’s esophagus. Conclusion: Female gender, young age, normal BMI and WC, short duration of symptoms and GERD-Q less than 7 points were positively associated with NERD compared with EE among Russian patients. Male patients with long-term GERD symptoms who do not take PPIs are at high risk of Barrett’s esophagus.
A Single-Phase Reduced Component Count Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverter Topology

Multilevel inverters (MLIs) have gained wide attention in industry and academia to provide higher voltage levels with lower harmonics, power losses, and cost. This study proposes a new asymmetrical MLI topology with reduced component count (RCC). The proposed topology can be extended in a three-phase structure and both modular and cascaded configurations to generate the required number of voltage levels for high-voltage applications. To minimize the power losses and the voltage stress on the switches, this configuration has the potential to produce negative polarity without an H-bridge configuration, thereby the active switches are reduced to only three switches in the conduction path. Due to the possibility of applying different switching patterns, this article proposes a new solution by employing particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to determine the optimized dc sources’ magnitude. To improve the voltage quality and minimize the total harmonic distortion (THD), the optimal switching angle (OSA) modulation technique is applied to determine the optimum switching angles by the PSO algorithm. Moreover, the proposed topology’s effectiveness compared to the conventional cascaded H-bridge (CHB) MLI with 15-levels is illustrated by providing comparative results that express fewer power losses. Finally, the proposed topology’s feasibility and its optimization approach are validated by a single-phase prototype utilizing 15- and 25-levels.
The Effects of India’s COVID-19 Lockdown on Critical Non-COVID Health Care and Outcomes: Evidence from a Retrospective Cohort Analysis of Dialysis Patients

India’s COVID-19 lockdown, one of the most severe in the world, is widely believed to have disrupted critical non-COVID health services. However, linking these disruptions to effects on health outcomes has been difficult due to the lack of reliable, up-to-date health outcomes data. We identified all dialysis patients under a statewide health insurance program in Rajasthan, India, and conducted surveys to examine the effects of the lockdown on care access, morbidity, and mortality. 63% of patients experienced a disruption to their care. Transport barriers, hospital service disruptions, and difficulty obtaining medicines were the most common causes. We compared monthly mortality in the four months after the lockdown with pre-lockdown mortality trends, as well as with mortality trends for a similar cohort in the previous year. Mortality in May 2020, after a month of exposure to the lockdown, was 1.70 percentage points or 64% (p=0.01) higher than in March 2020 and total excess mortality between April and July was estimated to be 22%. Post-lockdown morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality were strongly positively associated with lockdown-related disruptions to care, providing further evidence that the uptick in mortality was driven by the lockdown. Females, socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, and patients living far from the health system faced worse outcomes. The results highlight the unintended consequences of the lockdown on critical, life-saving non-COVID health services that must be taken into account in the implementation of future policy efforts to control the spread of pandemics.
Prediction of Density and Viscosity of Biofuel Compounds Using Machine Learning Methods

In the present work, temperature dependent models for the prediction of densities and dynamic viscosities of pure compounds within the range of possible alternative fuel mixture components are presented. The proposed models have been derived using machine learning methods including Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines. Experimental data used to train and validate the models was extracted from the DIPPR database. A comparison between models using an ample range of molecular descriptors and models using only functional group count descriptors as inputs was performed, and consensus models were created by testing different combinations of the individual models. The resulting consensus models’ predictions were in agreement with the available experimental data. Comparisons were also made between predictions of our models and correlations validated by the DIPPR staff. Our models were used to predict densities and dynamic viscosities of compounds for which no experimental data exists. Our models.
Factors influencing the utilization of dental services in East Java, Indonesia

Background :Despite high levels dental issues and insurance coverage in the East Java province Indonesia, the utilization of dental services is still low. This research aims to test whether certain individual-level sociodemographic, behavioural, and clinical characteristics influenced the current level of dental services utilization by East Java residents. Methods :A secondary analysis was undertaken using data on the East Java province from the Indonesian Basic Health Research 2013, which included 90,551 randomly selected respondents aged 5–100 years old. Socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, education and residential location), dental behavior (tooth brushing habit), and clinical (dental) condition were self-reported through a questionnaire. Multivariable models were generated to estimate prevalence ratios (PR), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results :Prevalence of dental service utilization during the last 12 months in East Java province is only 9 %. Respondents 25–<50 years old showed the highest utilization of dental services. Being male, having lower education and living in a district (as opposed to municipalities) were indicators for having lower utilization of dental treatment (PR [95% CI] = 0.81 [0.79–0.84], PR [95% CI] = 0.89 [0.86–0.93] and PR [95% CI] = 0.91 [0.88–0.95], respectively). Respondents with poor tooth brushing habit showed lower utilization of dental services. Having teeth was associated with higher utilization of dental treatment (PR [95% CI] = 1.39 [1.16–1.66). Conclusions :Age, sex, education and residential location influence the utilization of dental services among Indonesia’s East Java residents. Poor tooth brushing habits and being edentulous are also indicators of lesser utilization. These results call for urgent public health interventions to increase equitable dental care services utilization.
Differential gene expression of tumor ‐ infiltrating CD 33 + myeloid cells in advanced ‐ versus early ‐ stage colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has high mortality rates, especially in patients with advanced disease stages, who often do not respond to therapy. The cellular components of the tumor microenvironment are essentially responsible for dictating disease progression and response to therapy. Expansion of different myeloid cell subsets in CRC tumors has been reported previously. However, tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells have both proand anti-tumor roles in disease progression. In this study, we performed transcriptomic profiling of cells of myeloid lineage (CD33+) from bulk CRC tumors at varying disease stages. We identified differentially expressed genes and pathways between CRC patients with advanced stage and early stages. We found that pro-angiogenic and hypoxia-related genes were upregulated, while genes related to immune and inflammatory responses were downregulated in CD33+ myeloid cells from patients with advanced stages, implying that immune cell recruitment and activation could be compromised in advanced disease stages. Moreover, we identified a unique “poor prognosis CD33+ gene signature” by aligning top upregulated and downregulated genes in tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells from our analyses with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Our results showed that this gene signature is an independent prognostic indicator for disease-specific survival in CRC patients, potentially reflecting its clinical importance.