Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anatomical Study of the Femoral and Tibial Insertions of the Anteromedial and Posterolateral Bundles of Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Background Recently, anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with 2-bundle reconstruction has been proposed. Few previous publications have mentioned anatomical measurements of the insertions of these bundles. Purpose To determine the precise anatomical measurements of the femoral and tibial insertions for anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of anterior cruciate ligament grafts. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods Thirty-two femurs and 31 tibias were selected. The anterior cruciate ligament was divided into anteromedial and posterolateral bundles to the insertion footprint. Six measurements of the femoral insertion and 4 measurements of the tibial insertion were examined. Locations of the femoral insertions were examined using lateral radiographs of the femur. Results The distance between the center of the femoral insertions of the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles and the posterior margin of the lateral femoral condyle averaged 7.6 and 7.0 mm, respectively. The distance between the center of the femoral insertions of the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles to the intercondylar roof averaged 4.1 and 11.3 mm, respectively. The sagittal distance between the center of the tibial insertions of the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles from the anterior margin of the tibial articular cartilage averaged 13.0 and 14.7 mm, respectively. The distance from the lateral margin of the articular cartilage of the tibial plateau to the center of the tibial insertions of the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles averaged 44.2% and 52.4% of the total widest width of the tibial plateau, respectively. On the lateral radiograph of femoral condyles, the center of the anteromedial bundle was located at 31.9% from the posterior margin of the femoral condyle and 26.9% from the roof, and that of the posterolateral bundle was located at 39.8% from the posterior margin of the femoral condyle and 53.2% from the roof. Clinical Relevance It is important to know the precise anatomy of anterior cruciate ligament bundles when performing reconstruction and to evaluate anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery on an anatomical basis.
Robust closed-loop control of plasma glycemia: A discrete-delay model approach

The paper investigates the problem of tracking a desired plasma glucose evolution by means of intra-venous insulin administration. A model-based approach is followed, according to a recent model of the glucose/insulin regulatory system which consists of a discrete-delay nonlinear differential equation model. A disturbance is added to the insulin kinetics in order to model uncertainties concerning both the insulin delivery rate and the mechanism actuating the insulin pump. A feedback control law which yields input-to-state stability of the closed loop error system with respect to such a disturbance is provided, which depends on the glucose and insulin measurements at the present and at a delayed time. In silico simulations validate the theoretical results.
Putting a human face on cold, hard facts: Effects of personalizing social issues on perceptions of issue importance

This study investigates the influence of personalization (moving testimony from ordinary citizens) on reception of news stories about social issues. The data ( N = 80) from this mixed-design experiment, collected at two time points, offer evidence that personalized news stories evoked greater feelings of empathy toward and identification with people affected by social issues, which in turn increased perceived issue importance. Personalization effects persisted over time. Moreover, path analyses revealed gender differences in reactions to personalization. The findings imply that a major goal of journalism—to advance civic engagement with social issues—could be served by personalized story formats.
Candidate Transcriptomic Sources of Inbreeding Depression in Drosophila melanogaster

The genomic causes of inbreeding depression are poorly known. Several studies have found widespread transcriptomic alterations in inbred organisms, but it remains unclear which of these alterations are causes of the depression and which are mere responses to the ensuing physiological stress induced by increased homozygosity due to inbreeding. Attempting to differentiate causes from responses, we made a c-DNA microarray analysis of inbreeding depression in Drosophila melanogaster. The rationale of the experiment was that, while depression is a general phenomenon involving reductions in fitness in different inbred lines, its first genetic causes would be different for each inbred line, as they are expected to be caused by the fixation of rare deleterious genes. We took four sets of inbred sublines, each set descending from a different founding pair obtained from a large outbred stock, and compared the expression of the three most depressed sublines and the three least depressed sublines from each set. Many changes in expression were common to all sets, but fourteen genes, grouped in four expression clusters, showed strong set-specific changes, and were therefore possible candidates to be sources of the inbreeding depression observed.
Seed Bio-Priming in the Management of Seed- and Soil-Borne Diseases

: The use of pesticides in agriculture is restricted due to environmental and health hazards. However, pests need to be managed to harvest healthy crops. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the developed countries encourages the management of the plant diseases and pests through biological control by using the appropriate, efficient and quality bioagents. The bioagents viz . , Trichoderma harzianum , T. viride , T. virens , T. atroviride , T. koningii, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Pseudomonas fluorescens , etc have been proved effective for the management of the seed- and soil borne plant pathogens/ diseases. Different workers have worked out the mode of action of the bioagents. Molecular studies have shown that different genes in the bioagents are responsible for their efficiency to manage the pathogens and enhancing the plant growth. The bioagent like T. asperellum has been found to be endophyte in the plant system and perform very well for all these characters. Therefore, a large number of rhizospheric bioagent should be isolated and studied for useful characters of eco-friendly management of biotic and abiotic stresses. The method of use of the bioagents in plant health management should also be studied thoroughly, as seed bio-priming of the bioagents particularly Trichoderma spp. have been found quite effective to manage the plant pathogens and enhancing germination, seedling vigour, plant growth, etc. In the wake of climate change, the bioagents are the hope to overcome the biotic and abiotic stresses and ecofriendly and sustainable management of diseases and plant health. An attempt has been made to summarize the work carried out on seed priming by a different method in general and seed bio-priming in particular and has been presented in this article.
A rightward shift in the visuospatial attention vector with healthy aging

The study of lateralized visuospatial attention bias in non-clinical samples has revealed a systematic group-level leftward bias (pseudoneglect), possibly as a consequence of right hemisphere (RH) dominance for visuospatial attention. Pseudoneglect appears to be modulated by age, with a reduced or even reversed bias typically present in elderly participants. It has been suggested that this shift in bias may arise due to disproportionate aging of the RH and/or an increase in complementary functional recruitment of the left hemisphere (LH) for visuospatial processing. In this study, we report rightward shifts in subjective midpoint judgment relative to healthy young participants whilst elderly participants performed a computerized version of the landmark task (in which they had to judge whether a transection mark appeared closer to the right or left end of a line) on three different line lengths. This manipulation of stimulus properties led to a similar behavioral pattern in both the young and the elderly: a rightward shift in subjective midpoint with decreasing line length, which even resulted in a systematic rightward bias in elderly participants for the shortest line length (1.98° of visual angle, VA). Overall performance precision for the task was lower in the elderly participants regardless of line length, suggesting reduced landmark task discrimination sensitivity with healthy aging. This rightward shift in the attentional vector with healthy aging is likely to result from a reduction in RH resources/dominance for attentional processing in elderly participants. The significant rightward bias in the elderly for short lines may even suggest a reversal of hemisphere dominance in favor of the LH/right visual field under specific conditions.
AN ALL-SKY SEARCH FOR THREE FLAVORS OF NEUTRINOS FROM GAMMA-RAY BURSTS WITH THE ICECUBE NEUTRINO OBSERVATORY

We present the results and methodology of a search for neutrinos produced in the decay of charged pions created in interactions between protons and gamma-rays during the prompt emission of 807 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) over the entire sky. This three-year search is the first in IceCube for shower-like Cherenkov light patterns from electron, muon, and tau neutrinos correlated with GRBs. We detect five low-significance events correlated with five GRBs. These events are consistent with the background expectation from atmospheric muons and neutrinos. The results of this search in combination with those of IceCube’s four years of searches for track-like Cherenkov light patterns from muon neutrinos correlated with Northern-Hemisphere GRBs produce limits that tightly constrain current models of neutrino and ultra high energy cosmic ray production in GRB fireballs.
Automatic pattern identification of rock moisture based on the Staff-RF model

Studies on the moisture and damage state of rocks generally focus on the qualitative description and mechanical information of rocks. This method is not applicable to the real-time safety monitoring of rock mass. In this study, a musical staff computing model is used to quantify the acoustic emission signals of rocks with different moisture patterns. Then, the random forest (RF) method is adopted to form the staff-RF model for the real-time pattern identification of rock moisture. The entire process requires only the computing information of the AE signal and does not require the mechanical conditions of rocks.
A self-clocked fair queueing scheme for broadband applications

An efficient fair queueing scheme which is feasible for broadband implementation is proposed and its performance is analyzed. The author defines fairness in a self-contained manner, eliminating the need for the hypothetical fluid-flow reference system used in the present state of art and thereby removing the associated computational complexity. The scheme is based on the adoption of an internally generated virtual time as the index of work progress, hence the name self-clocked fair queueing. The author proves that the scheme possesses the desired fairness property and is nearly optimal, in the sense that the maximum permissible disparity among the normalized services offered to the backlogged sessions is never more than two times the corresponding figure in any packet-based queueing system. <<ETX>>
Sigma-pi implementation of a Gaussian classifier

In practical pattern-recognition applications, the Gaussian classifier is often suboptimal because some features are non-Gaussian or even discrete valued, the class statistics are only estimated, and the covariance matrix inversions can be ill-conditioned. The authors presently deal with these problems by mapping the Gaussian classifier to a sigma-pi neural network, to which it is isomorphic. Back-propagation learning is then used to improve classifier performance. This approach is applied to the problem of hand-printed numeral recognition and to the problem of image texture classification. For both problems, significant improvement in classification error percentages is observed for the training data and the testing data, and weights due to the mapping procedure are found to be better than purely random initial weights
A semi-empirical dilatancy model for ballast fouled with plastic fines

ABSTRACT In the era of high speed trains, it is very important to ensure the stability of rail tracks under adverse conditions including the fouling of ballast. Fouling of ballast from unstable and saturated soft subgrade soil is one of the major reasons for track deterioration. The reported results of a number of large-scale laboratory experiments on the shear behaviour of ballast and fouled ballast are analysed, herein. It was observed that fines have a significant influence on the shear behaviour of ballast. Shear strength increases and dilatancy decreases with the addition of fines. In this paper, a semi-empirical mathematical model has been proposed to capture the dilatancy of ballast fouled with fines during shearing. The empirical constants a, b and c proposed in the model are a function of the fines content Void Contamination Index (VCI). The results of the model have been compared with the laboratory experiments and are found to be in good agreement.
Lack of the scavenger receptor CD36 alters microglial phenotypes after neonatal stroke

The stage of brain development at the time of stroke has a major impact on the pathophysiological mechanisms of ischemic damage, including the neuroinflammatory response. Microglial cells have been shown to contribute to acute and subchronic injury in adult stroke models, whereas in neonatal rodents we showed that microglial cells serve as endogenous neuroprotectants early following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, limiting neuroinflammation and injury. In the neonate, microglial depletion or lack of the scavenger receptor CD36 exacerbates injury. In this study we asked if lack of CD36 affects microglial phenotypes after neonatal stroke. Using RT‐PCR we characterized the patterns of gene expression in microglia isolated from injured regions following acute transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in postnatal day 10 mice and showed that expression of several pro‐inflammatory genes, including Toll‐like receptors, remains largely unaffected in activated microglia in injured regions. Using multiple biochemical assays we demonstrated that lack of CD36 alters several functions of microglia in acutely injured neonatal brain: it further enhances accumulation of the chemokine MCP‐1, affects the number of CD11b+/CD45+ cells, along with protein expression of its co‐receptor, Toll‐like receptor 2, but does not affect accumulation of superoxide in microglia or the cytokines TNFα and IL‐1β in injured regions.
Uncertainty Annotated Databases - A Lightweight Approach for Dealing with Uncertainty

—Incomplete data models have been proposed to deal with the uncertainty inherent in many real world data collection and management tasks. However, query evaluation over such models, i.e., computing which potential query answers are certain, is of high computational complexity. We introduce UA-databases (UA-DBs), a light-weight model of uncertainty where tuples from a single possible world are annotated with uncertainty information. Importantly, queries over UA-DBs preserve the annotated possible world and return an under-approximation of certain answers. UA-DBs can be derived from common incomplete and probabilistic data models. We implement our approach on top of a DBMS and experimentally demonstrate its efﬁciency. Furthermore, we show that for many real world datasets the amount of certain answers which are misclassiﬁed as uncertain by our approach is low.
DENIS SARGAN: SOME PERSPECTIVES

I attempt to present Denis Sargan's work in some kind of historical perspective, in two ways. First, I discuss some previous members of the Tooke Chair of Economic Science and Statistics, which was founded in 1859 and which Sargan held. Second, I discuss one of his articles, “Asymptotic Theory and Large Models,” in relation to modern preoccupations with semiparametric econometrics.This research was supported by a Leverhulme Trust Personal Research Professorship and ESRC grant R000239252. I thank Peter Phillips for helpful comments and Javier Hualde for obtaining material employed in Section 2. Section 2 is based partly on my Doctor Honoris Causa investiture address at Carlos III Madrid University, in October 2000.
Sustaining Sleep Spindles through Enhanced SK2-Channel Activity Consolidates Sleep and Elevates Arousal Threshold

Sleep spindles are synchronized 11–15 Hz electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations predominant during nonrapid-eye-movement sleep (NREMS). Rhythmic bursting in the reticular thalamic nucleus (nRt), arising from interplay between Cav3.3-type Ca2+ channels and Ca2+-dependent small-conductance-type 2 (SK2) K+ channels, underlies spindle generation. Correlative evidence indicates that spindles contribute to memory consolidation and protection against environmental noise in human NREMS. Here, we describe a molecular mechanism through which spindle power is selectively extended and we probed the actions of intensified spindling in the naturally sleeping mouse. Using electrophysiological recordings in acute brain slices from SK2 channel-overexpressing (SK2-OE) mice, we found that nRt bursting was potentiated and thalamic circuit oscillations were prolonged. Moreover, nRt cells showed greater resilience to transit from burst to tonic discharge in response to gradual depolarization, mimicking transitions out of NREMS. Compared with wild-type littermates, chronic EEG recordings of SK2-OE mice contained less fragmented NREMS, while the NREMS EEG power spectrum was conserved. Furthermore, EEG spindle activity was prolonged at NREMS exit. Finally, when exposed to white noise, SK2-OE mice needed stronger stimuli to arouse. Increased nRt bursting thus strengthens spindles and improves sleep quality through mechanisms independent of EEG slow waves (<4 Hz), suggesting SK2 signaling as a new potential therapeutic target for sleep disorders and for neuropsychiatric diseases accompanied by weakened sleep spindles.
Bridge the terminology gap between recruiters and candidates: A multilingual skills base built from social media and linked data

A major part of the job offers and candidates profiles are now available online. Leveraging this public data, Multiposting, a subsidiary of SAP, aims at providing in real-time an exhaustive job market analysis through the SmartSearch project. One big issue in this project, and more generally in the e-recruitment and the human resources management, is to extract the skills from the raw texts in order to associate a job or a candidate to its corresponding skills. This paper proposes to generate a multilingual base of skills in a novel bottom-up approach that finds its roots from the terminology used by candidates in professional social networks. The knowledge base is built by leveraging the Linked Open Data project DBpedia, as well as the tags of a Q&A website, StackOverflow. The large-scale experiments on real-world job offers show that the coverage and precision of the skills extraction are higher using this base than existing bases. The system has been implemented in industrial context and is used daily to extract the skills from thousands of documents, leading to advanced statistics as illustrated at the end this paper.
Automatic Detection of Moving Objects in Video Surveillance

This work is in the field of video surveillance including motion detection. The video surveillance is one of essential techniques for automatic video analysis to extract crucial information or relevant scenes in video surveillance systems. The aim of our work is to propose solutions for the automatic detection of moving objects in real time with a surveillance camera. The detected objects are objects that have some geometric shape (circle, ellipse, square, and rectangle).
Fuzzy C-Means and Modified Hough Transform based Lane Detection

Lane detection is one of the most prominent technology in large number of intelligent vehicles and is an important part of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems. It detects lanes without any proper knowledge of road geometry. This detection system is needed because due to increase in number of vehicles on road, accidents are increasing day by day. Moreover vehicular drivers are fully ignorant towards traffic rules. So we need a system that will help the driver by providing him exact path of lanes. In this paper Fuzzy C-Means and Modified Hough transform based lane detection algorithm is discussed. The proposed algorithm is designed and implemented using matlab. Straight as well as curved lane markings are detected with the help of this algorithm. Lanes in the presence of clutters like noise, shadow are also detected. Performance evaluation between existing and proposed technique is done on the basis accuracy, bit error rate, F-Measure etc.
Family-Based Association Analysis Confirms the Role of the Chromosome 9q21.32 Locus in the Susceptibility of Diabetic Nephropathy

A genome-wide association scan of type 1 diabetic patients from the GoKinD collections previously identified four novel diabetic nephropathy susceptibility loci that have subsequently been shown to be associated with diabetic nephropathy in unrelated patients with type 2 diabetes. To expand these findings, we examined whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at these susceptibility loci were associated with diabetic nephropathy in patients from the Joslin Study of Genetics of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Family Collection. Six SNPs across the four loci identified in the GoKinD collections and 7 haplotype tagging SNPs, were genotyped in 66 extended families of European ancestry. Pedigrees from this collection contained an average of 18.5 members, including 2 to 14 members with type 2 diabetes. Among diabetic family members, the 9q21.32 locus approached statistical significance with advanced diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.037 [adjusted P = 0.222]). When we expanded our definition of diabetic nephropathy to include individuals with high microalbuminuria, the strength of this association improved significantly (P = 1.42×10−3 [adjusted P = 0.009]). This same locus also trended toward statistical significance with variation in urinary albumin excretion in family members with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.032 [adjusted P = 0.192]) and in analyses expanded to include all relatives (P = 0.019 [adjusted P = 0.114]). These data increase support that SNPs identified in the GoKinD collections on chromosome 9q21.32 are true diabetic nephropathy susceptibility loci.