Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Status quo of the South African clothing industry’s university-industry-government collaborations

The South African clothing industry is among the industries viewed as strategic for socio-economic development by the South African government. The government’s industrial policies incorporated University-Industry-Government (UIG) Research and Development (R&D) collaborations in efforts to achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 and African Union’s (AU) Agenda 2063, among others. The literature on UIG R&D collaborations in the context of developing economies and the clothing industry is limited and requires attention to support the achievement of the SDGs and AU Agenda aspirations. This paper presents the status quo of the South African clothing industry using qualitative and quantitative data. The authors interviewed 12 respondents from: the university fashion departments (3), clothing firms (2), clothing consulting firms (2), clothing-related research institutions (2), clothing-related the government divisions (3) and surveyed 22 clothing firms. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the data. The results show that the government plays a dominant role in these collaborations through policy, grants and incentives because of the lack of R&D activities in the South African clothing industry. The institutional sphere performs R&D activities mainly in isolation while some are pockets of R&D bilateral collaborations performed at arm’s length. In light of this, the results indicate that the South African clothing industry is currently at the statist stage. The current triple helix model in play may negatively affect the role that the South African clothing industry can play in achieving the SDGs and AU Agenda.
A study on ecological properties of building materials used in traditional buildings (in Turkey)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to research the ecological properties of building materials used in some traditional buildings in Turkey and discuss the environmental benefits thereof.Design/methodology/approach – Building materials used in some traditional buildings are investigated by a field study in the selected area. In this investigation, after the usage aims of the building materials are explained, the ecological properties and environmental benefits are discussed.Findings – According to the results of the study, it is found that these materials being obtained from totally natural, local and renewable resources have source‐efficient and energy‐efficient features. They have significant ecological characteristics since they are easily recyclable and re‐usable, utilize agricultural wastes and do not produce any wastes.Research limitations/implications – In almost every part of Turkey, there exist a large number of traditional buildings with ecological properties which were built at various time.
Development of an exposure model for diesel locomotive emissions near the Alameda Corridor.

The present investigation is part of a program of study at the Center for Energy and Environmental Research and Services (CEERS) at CSULB to assess the exposure risks of the particulate matter (PM) in the outdoor environment related to the seaport operations and goods movement. An approximation of PM2.5 concentration was obtained for the diesel locomotive emissions near the Alameda corridor railroad using a TSI DustTrak aerosol monitor. Measurements were carried out at different distances from the railroad from -4.6 m to 90 m, where the distance of -4.6 m denotes the distance from the other side of the railroad. For all measurements, local wind speed and direction were obtained using a Young model 85000 2-axis anemometer. The investigations were performed on different days. At each monitoring location, extended measurements were carried out to assess the effects of different locomotives on the local PM concentration. Results indicate between10-15% increase in PM concentration from the passage of the diesel locomotives.
Public Transport: Punctuality Index for Bus Operation

Public bus service plays a significant role in our society as people movers and to facilitate travels within towns and districts. The quality of service of public bus is always being regarded as poor, or rather, underestimated as second class means of transportation. Reliability of service, or the ability to deliver service as planned, is one key element in perceiving the quality of bus service and the punctuality index is one of the performance parameters in determining the service reliability. This study concentrates on evaluating the reliability performance of bus operation using punctuality index assessment. A week data for each of six city bus routes is recorded using the on-board methodology to calculate the punctuality index for city bus service in Kota Bharu. The results revealed that the punctuality index for the whole city bus network is 94.25% (LOS B). Keywords—Punctuality Index, Reliability Performance, Service Performance.
Dwarfing the Social? Nanotechnology Lessons from the Biotechnology Front

Biotechnology and nanotechnology are both strategic technologies, and the former provides several lessons that could contribute to more successful embedding and integration processes for the latter. This article identifies some of the key questions emerging from the biotechnology experience and summarizes several lessons learned in the context of constructive technology assessment. This approach broadens the range of social considerations relevant to the sustainable development of nanotechnology and emphasizes the need for developing social tools for nanotechnology innovation while the technology is in its early stages of design.
Innovation through knowledge sharing: Evidence from the informal sector in Harare, Zimbabwe

This research sought to establish how knowledge is circulated among the informal sector innovators who develop innovations in the manufacture of de-haulers, an agricultural technology used to thresh seed. Questionnaires, in-depth interviews and observation methods were used in collecting the data for this study. The study findings obtained from this study indicate that small-scale farmer feedback loops and knowledge transfers occur in the development of innovation. The study concludes that innovation in the manufacture of de-haulers is enabled by knowledge fusion sharing involving both close and casual relationships among informal innovators, formal sector manufacturers and small-scale farmers.
Impact of Emergency Vehicle Preemption on Signalized Corridor Operation: An Evaluation

A case study that examines the impact of emergency vehicle preemption on closely spaced arterial traffic signals is reported. The study was conducted on State Route (SR) 26, a principal arterial and main thoroughfare that connects Interstate 65 with US-52 on the east side of Lafayette, Indiana. Four coordinated intersections along SR-26 were examined by using seven preemption paths and three different transition algorithms (smooth, add, and dwell). The number of preemption calls in the simulation period varied from one to three for equal simulation periods. The findings generally show that a single preemption call had a minimal effect on the overall travel time and delay through the network. The results also indicate that the smooth transitioning algorithm performed the best with most scenarios and paths for both the arterial and the side streets. When multiple emergency vehicles preempt at closely spaced time intervals, the impact of preemption was more severe. For the network studied, the most severe impact on arterial travel time observed was an increase in the average arterial travel time on the order of 20 to 30 s. The study focused on emergency vehicle preemption, but the general procedures described could also be applied to railroad preemption or transit priority.
Implementation of Best Practice in the School-based Setting

ABSTRACT A clear gap exists between what evidence states as best practice for school-based occupational therapy and what is feasible for practitioners to implement. Evidence establishes that collaborative and contextual practice have a positive effect on student outcomes. Emerging evidence demonstrates that workload models, as opposed to caseload models, could help meet the range of demands on practitioners in order to improve student outcomes. This study aimed to answer the question: What does the implementation of best practices look like for practitioners following a caseload approach compared to those following a workload approach? As described in this study, a caseload approach is when expectations are based on the number of direct intervention minutes or assigned students, while a workload model considers all of the activities and range of demands on practitioners to meet students’ needs (e.g. indirect services, teacher consultation, and documentation time). School-based practitioners recruited via social media platforms and e-mail completed an online survey to explore their practices. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests. Results showed a statistically significant difference between the caseload and workload models and the following practices: professional learning community membership, collaboration with teachers, and the amount of time devoted to direct intervention, teacher/staff consultation, family/caregiver training/consultation, behavioral supports, and contextually-based services. The results support the hypothesis that workload models allow for practitioners to better implement best practices in the school setting. Implications for practice include the need for educating school staff on occupational therapy’s role and advocating for a transition to school-based models of practice, such as workload approaches.
How does working from home during COVID-19 affect what managers do? Evidence from time-Use studies

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has forced millions of workers to suddenly shift their activity out of their offices and into their homes: 5–15% of Americans worked from home before the pandemic, whereas 50% of the Americans who were employed pre-COVID reported working from home in April/2020 (Brynjolfsson et al., 2020). While the effects of this sudden and exogenous shift on workers’ behavior, as well as their productivity and wellbeing, are still largely unknown, organizations have already started to consider extending “working from home” (WFH) arrangements beyond the pandemic (Kelly, 2020). In this research we explore the effects of the forced WFH arrangement during the COVID-19 pandemic on managers. We assess how the sudden and widespread shift to working from home during the pandemic impacted how managers allocate time throughout their working day, and how the type and length of work activities they engage in. Managers are a particular type of “knowledge workers” – i.e. workers who typically focus on problem-solving and related cognitive tasks (Autor & Dorn, 2013). Unlike other knowledge workers whose tasks depend more on allocating one’s individual efforts and skills to conduct solo-tasks, such as writing reports or coding, the job of managers requires primarily coordinative tasks, including the supervision, evaluation, and deployment of the work of others (Drucker, 2012). We focus our study on managers for two main reasons. First, broadly, managerial work is a central enabler that allows organizations to expand and thrive in distinct markets (Chandler, 1990), and the importance of managerial occupations in the U.S. economy has grown significantly over past decades (Autor & Dorn, 2009, 2013). However, we do not yet have a detailed understanding of how a forced transition to WFH affects managers’ daily activities and the structure of their work. The need to understand these effects is made even more salient by the fact that the forced transition out of the office initiated by the pandemic will likely result in a more permanent shift toward WFH arrangements (Barrero, et al., 2021). Second, more specifically, WFH presents a challenge for team-work and social activities Lowy, (2020; Neeley, 2021), and managers are very likely to engage precisely in activities that rely on team-work and social interactions (Deming, 2017). Since coordination is such a central activity of what managers do and what organizations require, it is important to understand the extent to which a transition to WFH arrangements during the COVID-19 pandemic has affected this occupation. One method to characterize how managerial work has changed in a context of a sudden transition to WFH is to examine changes in where managers allocate their most valuable and scarce resource: their time (Mintzberg, 1990).
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Self-ear Cleaning in Makkah Region, Cross-sectional Study

Background and aim: Cerumen or ear wax is a normal secretion from sebaceous and ceruminous glands found in the external auditory canal. Wrong self-ear cleaning attempts may lead to cerumen impaction, injuries, and otitis externa. we have concluded this study to assess the local community's knowledge about ear-cleaning, attitudes toward ear care, and self-ear cleaning practices. Methods: Cross-sectional online survey performed in May 2021 among general population to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of self-ear cleaning. We included all people aged between 18 to 90 years who live in Makkah region, also we excluded health care workers and who had previous ears, nose, and throat injuries. Results: A total of 544 participants responded to the survey, 351 (64.5%) were males and 193 (35.5%) were females, age between 18 to 55. Forty-four (8.1%) of participants thought that it is harmful to self-clean your ear. In contrast, 274 (50.4%) thought that we do not have to remove the wax from our ears constantly. About 32% of them clean to remove the dirt and 29.30% clean to improve their ear hygiene. Conclusion: Self-ear cleaning is a widespread practice, and most respondents showed a lack of knowledge regarding ear-cleansing mechanisms. In order to rectify the erroneous views, more public health education is needed to dissuade people from practicing self-ear cleaning and teach them about the function of cerumen and problems associated with self-ear cleaning.
In-Plane Behavior of Structural Clay Tile Infilled Frames

Large-scale structural clay tile infilled steel frames were tested under in-plane loading. All infills failed through corner crushing, and the failure load was relatively insensitive to framing characteristics. An analytical procedure was proposed in which the peak strength of the infill for the corner crushing limit state is a function only of fm′ and the thickness of the infill. This simple method predicted the strength better than any other analytical method. A piecewise linear equivalent strut was used to model the stiffness of the infill. The behavior of the structural clay tile infills (cracking, tile failure, and stiffness) was better correlated with actual displacements, than with nondimensional story drift (displacement divided by height). Bending moments and axial forces in the bounding frame were examined, with the infill having little effect on the moments in the columns. The results of several other configurations, including a repaired infill, an eccentric infill, an infill with column gaps, .
Software Toolkit for Optimizing Mission Plans (STOMP)

*† Recent military actions have demonstrated the need for addressing time-sensitive and time-critical targeting. The capabilities of precision guided munitions and the further development of strike warfare platforms and tactics portend a huge increase in effectiveness and lethality of air operations and achieving the vision of the US Air Force’s Global Strike Task Force concept. To fully realize the benefits of these strike capable assets and to address the challenges inherent in time-sensitive targeting, decision support systems are needed to assist warfighters in optimal allocation and near real-time re-deployment of air assets, and to support predictive battlespace awareness. While meeting a specific operational need, additional benefits can accrue through the employment of such decision support systems for virtual and constructive simulation based training, experimentation, and Command and Control (C2) system evaluation and acquisition. Here, we detail a Software Toolkit for Optimizing Mission Plans (STOMP). STOMP integrates a genetic algorithm-based mechanism to rapidly generate, analyze, and visualize mission plans in tandem with software interoperability to provide the requisite interface and connectivity with Air Force C2 systems and synthetic battlespace environments.
Comparison of Outcomes Following Glaucoma Drainage Tube Surgery Between Primary and Secondary Glaucomas, and Between Phakic and Pseudophakic eyes

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Purpose: To report outcomes of glaucoma drainage device (GDD) surgery based on primary or secondary glaucoma diagnosis and lens status. Design: Single-center, retrospective, consecutive cohort study. Methods: University of Florida patients aged 18 to 93 years who underwent nonvalved GDD surgery between 1996 and 2015 with a minimum of 1-year follow-up were examined. Of the 186 eyes of 186 patients enrolled, 108 had a primary glaucoma and 78 a secondary glaucoma diagnosis. Excluding 13 aphakic patients, 57 eyes were phakic and 116 pseudophakic. Mean intraocular pressure (IOP), mean number of medications, visual acuity (VA), surgical complications, and failure (IOP ≥18 mm Hg, IOP <6 mm Hg, reoperation for glaucoma, or loss of light perception) were the main outcome measures. Results: No significant difference was noted in mean IOP and mean medication use (12.8 ± 4.5 and 13.0 ± 6.6 mm Hg on 2.0 ± 1.2 and 1.5 ± 1.1 medication classes, respectively), mean VA (1.08 ± 0.98 and 0.94 ± 0.89, respectively), failure, or numbers of complications and reoperations (P > 0.05) between eyes with primary and secondary glaucomas at up to 5 years postoperatively. Comparison of phakic and pseudophakic eyes showed a statistically significant higher success rate for the pseudophakic patient group at the ≥18 mm Hg upper limit and <6 mm Hg lower limit (P = 0.01), and significantly fewer eyes required reoperation to lower IOP (6.9% vs 23%). Conclusions: GDD surgery appears equally effective for secondary glaucomas as for primary glaucomas, and has a better outcome for pseudophakic eyes than phakic eyes.
LMI Approach to Robust Control of Rotary Cranes under Load Sway Frequency Variance

Because horizontal motion of a rotary crane generates undesirable two-dimensional load sway, skillful operators are needed to control the crane's motion; for this purpose, various types of control schemes have been proposed. Because natural frequency of the rope-load oscillation system affects the stability and performance of the control system, the controller design should consider robustness with respect to rope length. If the control system considers the effect of rope length variance, the crane's motion can be controlled without a sensor system for measuring it. This paper presents a control method based on linear matrix inequality optimization for achieving robustness with respect to rope length variance. Numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Interactive instabilities of thin‐walled laminated composite pultrusion box columns

The problem of interactive buckling and post‐buckling of intermediate length thin‐walled columns built of laminated plate elements subjected to compressive load has been proposed and solved analytically. Pultrusion columns have wide‐range applications in high‐rise building due to their low weight and high load carrying capacity. Classic stability theory and laminate theory were implemented to prove the existence of mixed‐mode buckling in thin‐walled pultrusion columns. Interactive stability modes can result in lower loading capacity of most compressive members and affects their post‐buckling behaviour in major proportions. Interactive buckling load analysis has been performed by means of a simplified theoretical model and verified by means of numerical analysis. The calculations were carried out for commonly used square section thin‐walled composite columns dimensions. The post‐buckling performance of selected sections has been investigated and an optimum layup configuration criterion for each section has been extracted according to pre‐ and post‐critical behaviour. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimizing area power consumption in LTE type cells

As wireless networks evolve to deal with increasing traffic demand and an increasing number of users, energy efficiency is becoming increasingly important. Area power consumption, defined as the ratio of total radio access network power consumption to the area covered, is a key metric for comparing the energy efficiency of different network designs. This paper examines the optimization of an LTE type cell for energy efficiency by minimizing the area power consumption (APC) subject to user coverage and capacity constraints. First we show that operating the base station at the maximum transmit power (and cell size) which services all users optimizes APC. Next we show that APC is optimum when the base station operates with the minimum bandwidth necessary to service all users. Finally we show that a modified admission scheme (which increases the minimum SINR at which a user will be serviced) improves APC by increasing the maximum capacity and size of cells that can be supported. In addition to improving energy efficiency, the modified scheme requires fewer cells in new or overlay deployments and may potentially permit removal of cells from an existing network.
Industrialised House-Building - Conceptual orientation and strategic perspectives

Industrialised house-building has received increasing attention within both the construction industry and the scientific community during the last 15 years. However, industrialisation of house-building is not a new phenomenon, it has been applied to various extents throughout modern history, although the understanding and descriptions of it have developed over time. Scientifically, industrialised house-building has mainly been investigated through partial studies, and a holistic description of the field has been lacking. The purpose of this research is to holistically describe the characteristics of industrialised house-building and explore associated strategic perspectives and business models, in order to improve understanding of the phenomenon. The research is based on qualitative case study methodology together with literature studies. The findings were used for theory refinement and jointly contributed to the composition of a conceptual framework and elaboration of strategic orientations and business model analyses for industrialised house-building. Industrialised house-building is found to be characterized by a set of 12 inter-related constructs that require systematic integration, in order to establish production systems, structured for continuous production of buildings, aimed at certain market segments and product ranges. Industrialised house-building companies generally derive from either a market-based Outside-In perspective or a resource-based Inside-Out perspective. These perspectives reflect the companies’ starting points and are indicative of three main strategic orientations when combined with their product pre-definition levels and potential market cover (which ranges from niche to broad). A characteristic feature of industrialised house-building companies’ business models is the establishment of a tight fit between market segment requirements and offerings, based on product platforms enabling customization within defined limits. The structure and utilization of operational platforms is characterised by high control of both product configuration and production processes.