Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A numerical study on the cumulative out‐of‐plane damage to church masonry façades due to a sequence of strong ground motions

Seismic shocks occur sometimes as a sequence, close in space and time, of destructive events of comparable intensity. In these cases, a significant portion of the damage to historical buildings can be related with the cumulated damage on structures that become progressively more vulnerable. This research investigates the specific increase of damage determined by a sequence of strong ground motions, focusing the interest on the out‐of‐plane response of 2 church masonry façades. The dynamic analyses were performed by a specific rigid body and spring model RBSM, which only accounts for out‐of‐plane damage mechanisms. Two idealized models of façade, each made of 2 different masonry bonds, have been studied by applying various sequences of recorded accelerograms. The results highlighted a complex relationship between the spectral content of the seismic shocks and the characteristics of the structures that change in the course of the loading sequence due to the development of damage. The Housner spectral intensity proved to be a reliable scalar measure of the ground motion destructiveness for these façades. Moreover, when considering a design‐consistent accelerogram that causes a relevant damage pattern, ie, with a significant elongation of the effective first period of vibration, the numerical results indicated a possible spectral intensity threshold below which the occurrence of repeated seismic shocks, both before and after the reference design shock, can be considered as irrelevant. On the other hand, a catastrophic increase of damage should be expected when this threshold is overcome.
Radio-Heat Contrasts of UAVs and Their Weather Variability at 12 GHz, 20 GHz, 34 GHz, and 94 GHz Frequencies

This work describes the procedure for determining the expected values of UAV radio-heat contrasts () and discusses its angular dependences, as well as the estimation of UAV detection distances at four points cm and mm ranges (12 GHz, 20 GHz, 34 GHz, and 94 GHz). This paper reveals the pronounced frequency dependence on brightness temperature () and of a fiberglass unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) made from composite fiberglass materials. The quantified experiments are conducted against a sky background under various weather conditions and wave ranges. The qualitative physical interpretation of these properties and their frequency dependence is proposed, reflecting the coefficient values and radio brightness of the background. The weak influence of weather on the observed UAVs in the X and Ku bands are demonstrated along with the multiple decreasing detection characteristics and advantages of the W band under bad weather conditions (the appearance of rain or thick cloud). This work presents data on the values of UAV contrasts, observed against the background of the sky and the regularities noted could be useful for predicting the effectiveness of the proposed radiometric detection and tracking system.
Ising-CIM: A Reconfigurable and Scalable Compute Within Memory Analog Ising Accelerator for Solving Combinatorial Optimization Problems

Combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) find applications in real-world scientific, industrial, and societal scenarios. Such COPs are computationally NP-hard, and performing an exhaustive brute force search for the optimal solution becomes untenable as the COP size increases. To expedite the COP computation, the Ising model formalism is used, which abstracts spin dynamics in a ferromagnet. The spins are orientated to reach the minimum energy state, representing the optimum COP solution. Previous Ising engine designs utilized dedicated annealing processors or additional digital arithmetic circuits next to the memory bitcells. These custom circuits or processors cannot be repurposed for other applications, incurring significant area and power overhead. In contrast to the prior approaches, this work presents a reconfigurable and scalable compute-within-memory analog approach for Ising computation (called Ising-CIM). This area-efficient approach repurposes existing embedded memory bitcell columns and peripheral circuits to perform analog domain Hamiltonian calculations on the bitlines minimizing area and power overhead significantly. A 13.18-Kb silicon prototype, implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process, demonstrates the Ising-CIM concept and functionality using a 100 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 64 pixel image in a max-cut COP. The Ising-CIM design achieves 48-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}~^{\mathrm{ 2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/spin unit spin area and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1091\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> speedup in annealing time compared to the CPU.
Value relevance of comprehensive income: Tax avoidance and derivative instruments

The existence of comprehensive income as the adoption of IFRS, which has been carried out in Indonesia since 2012, has resulted in this figure information as one of the important information used by investors. Company policies originating from operating and non-operating activities can affect financial information quality. This study deals with the effect of tax avoidance and derivative instruments on the value relevance of comprehensive income. Research data is derived from the financial data of non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2012 to 2019, sourced from www.idx. co.id and finance.yahoo. com. This study’s total number of samples is 202 observations through purposive sampling with several criteria. Data in this research is included cross-section data so that the hypothesis testing employed in this research is ordinary least square regression analysis. This study finds that tax avoidance and derivative instruments are not associated with the value relevance of comprehensive income. This study suggests that investors’ investment decisions are not influenced by information on tax avoidance and ownership of derivative instruments. However, tax avoidance is positively associated with value relevance using the book value of equity basis, while derivative instruments ownership is negatively associated with value relevance with the comparable basis.
A 6.5-mm2 10.5–to-15.5–GHz Differential GaN PA With Coupled-Line-Based Matching Networks Achieving 10-W Peak Psat and 42% PAE

This brief proposes a broadband differential GaN power amplifier (PA) with coupled-line-based matching networks for Ku-band satellite communication. The developed matching technique can achieve flat wideband impedance matching with a compact area. Also, this brief employs a combination of series and parallel power combining topology to improve the impedance conversion ratio of the output matching network, thereby reducing the insertion loss. As proof of the above concept, our two-stage PA is realized in a 0.25-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {\mu }\text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> GaN pHEMT process. The PA scores 18.2-to-21.2 dB gain, 38.6-to-39.9 dBm saturated output power (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{P}_{\mathrm{ sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and 35%-to-42% peak power added efficiency (PAE) from 10.5 to 15.5 GHz. The PA shows a flat RF performance across 10.7-to-14.9 GHz with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf { < }1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB gain ripple and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf { < }0.7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{P}_{\mathrm{ sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ripple. Meanwhile, the total chip size is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.7\mathbf {\times }2.4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm2, corresponding to a power density up to 1.47 W/mm2.
Influence of Alkaline Earth Metals on Structure Formation and Magnesium Alloy Properties

The main aim of this work is to improve the structure and properties of the magnesium alloy ML5 by modifying it with alkaline earth metals (ALM). The separate and joint influence of calcium and barium on the macrostructure and microstructure of the alloy of Mg-Al-Zn system was investigated. The qualitative and quantitative estimation of the structural components was carried out. Alkali earth metals were included in complex intermetallic phases and serve as additional crystallization centers. Modification of magnesium alloys with alkaline earth metals is established in an amount of 0.05 to 0.1 wt. % increased the bulk percentage of intermetallic phases by ~1.5 times, shifting them towards smaller size groups while simultaneously forming spherical intermetallic phases located in the grain centre and serving as additional crystallization centers. In this case, grain size reduction and significant refinement of the alloy structural components were provided. The dependency of the separate and joint influence of alkali earth metals on the castings complex of properties of the magnesium alloy has been established. Thus, a separate modification of the ML5 alloy provided the maximum level of its strength and ductility with the addition of 0.1% Ca or Ba. The modification of the complex (0.1% Ca + 0.1% Ba) of the magnesium alloy decreased the dimensions of its structural components 1.5 times and increased the strength of the alloy by 20%, the ductility by 2 times and the long-term heat resistance 1.5 times due to the formation of the intermetallic phases of the complex composition. Linear dependences were obtained that describe the influence of the characteristics of the structural components of the modified magnesium alloy on its mechanical properties. The developed technology for modifying cast magnesium alloys with alkaline earth elements provides an improvement in casting quality and allows the reliability and durability of responsible casting operation.
The Effect of Selective Voluntary Motor Control Training of Lower Limb on Gait and Activities of Daily Living of Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Randomized Controlled Trial

Context: Voluntary movement is produced by the corticospinal tracts. Injury to CST (periventricular white matter) leads to motor disability in Cerebral Palsy (CP). Selective Voluntary Motor Control is vital for efficient locomotion & functional activities. Aims: To find the efficacy of improving Selective Voluntary Motor Control of the Lower limb on Gait and Activities of Daily Living children (ADL) with spastic Cerebral Palsy. Settings and Design: Occupational Therapy Department of Tertiary Health Care Centre, Prospective, Interventional, Comparative, Single-blinded, Randomized Control Trial. Methods and Material: 32 CP children were ethically recruited and using a simple random sampling method were divided into 2 groups. Each subject was assessed using standardized tools: Modified Ashworth scale (MAS), Selective Control Assessment of Lower Extremity (SCALE), Observational Gait Scale (OGS), Wee-Functional independence measure (Wee-fim), Case-Record Form on day 1, 30th, and 60th. Statistical analysis used: Data were entered using MS-EXCEL Office 365, SPSS Statistical Software version 23.0 was used for data analysis and non-parametric tests of significance were used. Results: 28 Subjects completed the study. Post-intervention SCALE and OGS scores showed a positive correlation in the Control group(r2=0.104) and the Experimental group(r2=0.244). From baseline-day 60 SCALE and Wee-fim showed a correlation r2=0.463-0.022 in the Experimental group and r2=0.426-0.051 in the Control group. Overall, the experimental group showed better improvement in gait and ADL than the control group. Conclusions: SVMC training of the lower limb was effective & has a positive impact on the performance of Gait. Thus, it improves functional independence. Key Messages: Understanding the influence of impaired Selective Voluntary Motor Control helps Occupational Therapists in being an important part of decision-making regarding therapeutic problem solving, splint prescription, muscle selection for Botox, muscle transfers, and surgery in a multidisciplinary team of rehabilitation. Key words: Activities of Daily Living, Cerebral palsy, Gait, Selective motor control.
Inertia Assessment From Transient Measurements: Recent Perspective From Japanese WAMS

Currently, the substantial renewable penetration brings a low inertia issue to the Japanese power system, threatening stability and resiliency than ever. The inertia estimation based on transient events provides a reliable basis for system control and operation. However, the poor rate of change of frequency extraction from different types and locations of phasor measurement units (PMUs) could significantly lead to inertia estimation errors. As a remedy with a lesson learned, this paper analyzes effective inertia estimations based on transient measurements of the Japanese wide-area monitoring in both distribution and transmission levels. Due to the longitudinally interconnected configuration of the 60 Hz Japanese power system, the polynomial approximation technique is proposed to restrain the strong effect of oscillatory components. To enhance the estimation performance considering an existing center of inertia, the comprehensive mode-shape analysis is performed via geographical measurement locations, indicating sufficient PMUs with precise estimation. The effectiveness of inertia estimation techniques is verified through actual system events corresponding to various transient sites. The numerical results demonstrate that recent inertia of the 60 Hz Japanese system with existing renewables ranges around 7.12 - 8.13 s in its system load base.
Study of the Psychometric Properties of the Social Self-Efficacy Scale with Spanish Adolescents by Gender, Age and Family Socioeconomic Level

Social self-efficacy has been shown to be a key resource for adolescents’ social experiences with peers and a predictor of prosocial behaviour among adolescents. However, differences by gender, age and socioeconomic level have previously been found in social self-efficacy. The objective of this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the subscale of social self-efficacy from the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C) developed by Muris (2001) in a representative sample of Spanish adolescents while considering gender, age and socioeconomic level differences. In general, the results showed good psychometric properties and a one-dimensional structure with high internal consistency, adequate explained variance and evidence of external validity for the subscale. Furthermore, the invariance analysis demonstrated that the social self-efficacy subscale shows no bias when used with populations of adolescents who differ by gender, age and socioeconomic level. The results indicate that the Spanish version of the social self-efficacy subscale of the SEQ-C is an adequate measurement instrument for assessing adolescents’ perception of their own social skills.
Influence of Some Solvents on the Extraction of Major Phenolic Compounds and their Antioxidant Activities in Egyptian Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Garlic Allium sativum L. belongs to the family Alliaceae. Garlic has many nutritional and medicinal uses. There are several solvents for extraction of bio actives i.e. Acetone, Ethanol.etc. The present study is aimed to compare the four solvents (acetone, ethanol, hexane and methanol) to extract the phenolics from local garlic varieties (Sids 40 and Sids 50) and its effect on antioxidants. The results showed the distinction of methanol over the rest of the other used solvents. It was found that they gave the highest content of total phenols estimated at 402.64 and 383.90 \(\mu g/g\) for both varieties, Sids 40 and Sids 50 respectively. The methanol as extraction solvent has more potential to recover a higher amount of Gallic acid, Syringic acid derivatives, (+)-Catechin, p-Coumaric acid, p-Hydroxy-benzoic acid and Epicatechin content from garlic powder for both varieties. In general, garlic variety (Sids 40) was distinguished by its content of phenols compared to garlic variety (Sids 50). The highest radical scavenging activity was observed for the extract from methanol garlic extraction, i.e. 4.81 and 4.71 \(\mu g/mL\) for DPPH and 0.52 and 0.51 \(\mu g/mL\) for ABTS+ (Sids 40 and Sids 50 respectively).
Design and Finite Element Analysis of Patient-Specific Total Temporomandibular Joint Implants

In this manuscript, we discuss our approach to developing novel patient-specific total TMJ prostheses. Our unique patient-fitted designs based on medical images of the patient’s TMJ offer accurate anatomical fit, and better fixation to host bone. Special features of the prostheses have potential to offer improved osseo-integration and durability of the devices. The design process is based on surgeon’s requirements, feedback, and pre-surgical planning to ensure anatomically accurate and clinically viable device design. We use the validated methodology of FE modeling and analysis to evaluate the device design by investigating stress and strain profiles under functional/normal and para-functional/worst-case TMJ loading scenarios.
Genetic discrimination of wild versus farmed gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata using microsatellite markers associated with candidate genes

Farm escapees and their offspring impose a significant impact on the environment and may therefore alter the future evolutionary trajectories of wild populations. To date, there is no management plan in place in Mediterranean countries to prevent fish escapes. Here, we investigate microsatellite length variations in three candidate genes, including prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), and the receptor activity modifying protein 3 gene (RAMP3), to study the genetic structure of the main fish species farmed in the Mediterranean, gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). We also evaluate the performance of microsatellites in discriminating fish origin (wild or farmed). Results from 298 individuals, including farmed, wild adult and juvenile fish were compared with results from 19 neutral markers used in a previous study. All loci were polymorphic, selectively neutral, and had the statistical power to detect significant population differentiation. Global FST was similar to that estimated using 19 loci (0.019 and 0.023, respectively), while pairwise comparisons identified farmed populations as the main drivers of genetic divergence, with a much higher magnitude of overall genetic differentiation within farmed populations (0.076) than that estimated using the 19 neutral microsatellite loci (0.041). Bayesian structural analysis showed that the PRL, GH, and RAMP3 markers were able to distinguish farmed from wild populations, but were not able to distinguish different wild groups as 19 neutral microsatellite markers did. Farmed populations of different origins were assigned to a separate cluster with a high individual assignment score (>88%). It appears that the candidate markers are more influenced by artificial selection compared to neutral markers. Further validation of their efficiency in discriminating wild, farmed, and mixed fish origins using a more robust sample size is needed to ensure their potential use in an escaped fish monitoring programme.
Clinical Efficacy of Mechanical Traction as Physical Therapy for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Meta-Analysis

Objective This study is aimed at exploring the clinical effect of mechanical traction on lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods Related literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and CNKI databases. Inclusion of literature topic was comparison of mechanical traction and conventional physical therapy for lumbar disc herniation. Jadad scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included RCT studies. The Chi-square test was used for the heterogeneity test, and a random effect model was used with heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to explore the causes of heterogeneity. If there was no heterogeneity, the fixed effect model was used, and funnel plots were used to test publication bias. Results Visual analog scale (VAS) in the mechanical traction group was lower than that in the conventional physical therapy group (MD = −1.39 (95% CI (-1.81, -0.98)), Z = 6.56, and P < 0.00001). There was no heterogeneity among studies (Chi2 = 6.62, P = 0.25, and I2 = 24%) and no publication bias. Oswestry disability index (ODI) in the mechanical traction group was lower than that in the conventional physical therapy group (MD = −6.34 (95% CI (-10.28, -2.39)), Z = 3.15, and P = 0.002). There was no heterogeneity between studies (Chi2 = 6.27, P = 0.18, and I2 = 36%) and no publication bias. There was no significant difference in Schober test scores between the mechanical traction group and the conventional physical therapy group (MD = −0.40 (95% CI (-1.07, 0.28)), Z = 1.16, and P = 0.25). There was no heterogeneity among studies (Chi2 = 1.61, P = 0.66, and I2 = 0%) and no publication bias. Conclusion Mechanical traction can effectively relieve lumbar and leg pain and improve ODI in patients with lumbar disc herniation but has no significant effect on spinal motion. The therapeutic effect of mechanical traction was significantly better than that of conventional physical therapy. Lumbar traction can be used in conjunction with other traditional physical therapy.
Correlation of Quantitative MRI Parameters with Neurological Outcome in Acute Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

Background: The unbearable morbidity and significant mortality associated with traumatic cervical spine injuries (T-CSIs) have been complicated by difficulties in outcome prediction. Objectives: This study aims to determine the correlation between quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters and neurological outcome among patients with acute T-CSI. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study in which patients with T-CSI were recruited over a 12-month period. ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS) at admission, 6 weeks, and 3 months was assessed. Mean spinal cord compression (MSCC), mean canal compromise (MCC), and length of lesion (LOL) were calculated from MRI at admission, and correlation with neurological severity and outcome was determined. The data were analysed using SPSS version 21. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant for associations. Results: Sixty-nine patients were enrolled comprising 55 males and 14 females giving a male-female ratio of 4.9:1. Their ages ranged from 18 to 74 years with a mean age of 40.2 ± 15.1 years. Injuries were ASIA A in 55.1% and ASIA E in 7.2% on admission. The mean MSCC, MCC, and LOL were higher for ASIA A and B and lowest in ASIA E injuries. Patients with good AIS (D and E) had significantly lower MSCC on admission (P = 0.032) and at 6 weeks (P = 0.000), and the LOL was also lower on admission (P = 0.000), at 6 weeks (P = 0.006), and at 3 months (P = 0.007). None of MRI parameters predicted outcome. Conclusion: The MSCC, MCC, and LOL correlate with T-CSI severity but were not sufficient to predict outcome.