Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of intramuscular haloperidol versus haloperidol plus promethazine in controlling aggressive behavior of psychiatric patients admitted to emergency rooms

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic and adverse effects of haloperidol to the combination of haloperidol and promethazine (antipsychotic + antihistamine) for controlling patients with aggressive or violent behavior referred to psychiatric emergency rooms. Methods: Using a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 100 psychiatric patients admitted to emergency room of Taleghani hospital, Tehran/Iran, randomly received intramuscular haloperidol or haloperidol plus promethazine. The patients were observed at 20, 40, 60, 120 minute intervals and then at 6, 12 and 24 hourly intervals to determine if they were tranquil or asleep, need for further injection, serious adverse effects, acute dystonia, akathisia, need for other medications, and need for admission to hospital based on clinical judgment. Results: The mean age of patients was 36.25 years and 69% were male. Patients receiving promethazine plus haloperidol were more tranquil after 2, 6 and 12 hours and sustained sleep after hours 2 and 6. Adding promethazine to haloperidol decreased the need for repeated involvement of the psychiatrist on duty, using additional medications and hospital admission. Patients taking the combination of haloperidol and promethazine did not experience more adverse effects than those taking only haloperidol. Conclusion: The combination of haloperidol plus promethazine can be safely used in emergency rooms for controlling patient with agitation and aggressive behavior resulting in a sustained tranquilization or asleep and lower need for further intervention.
Is the Neuromuscular Organization of Throwing Unchanged in Virtual Reality? Implications for Upper Limb Rehabilitation

Virtual reality (VR) is an appealing approach for increasing the engagement and attention of patients during rehabilitation. Understanding how motor control changes in real vs. virtual scenarios is a research challenge in terms of validating its administration. This study evaluates muscle synergies when subjects conduct throwing tasks in virtual reality. Seventeen healthy subjects performed 20 throws both in a virtual environment and in real one as they threw a ball with both dominant and nondominant arms. The electromyography (EMG) signals of 11 muscles of the upper limbs were recorded. Non-negative matrix factorization was used to extract muscle synergies. The cosine similarity was computed to assess the consistence of muscle synergy organization between virtual and real tasks. The same parameter was used to establish the inter-subject similarity. A three-synergy model was selected as the most likely. No effects of virtual reality and arm side on neuromuscular organization were found. Forearm muscles, not necessary for ball holding and release, were comprised in the activation synergies in the virtual reality environment. Finally, the synergies were consistent across subjects, especially during the deceleration phase. Results are encouraging for the application of virtual reality to complement conventional therapy, improve engagement, and facilitate objective measurements of pathology progression.
ALLERGIC BRONCHOPULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS

Aspergillus is a saprophytic mold and its natural habitat is the soil. It is found worldwide indoors and outdoors in potted soil, compost, freshly cut grasses, decaying vegetation and in sewers. Aspergillus produces a bountiful number of spores and releases 2-3 micron sized spores into the air daily. It grows best at 37-40 °C, which is similar to the temperature in the lungs. These spores will remain airborne for a long period of time. It is estimated that humans inhale hundreds of spores daily. Several fungi other than aspergillus have been known to be implicated. Hence, the term allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses would be more appropriate unless the specific fungus is identified - which could be candida, helminthosporium, curvularia, bipolaris, cladosporium, or others. The review article is focused on the prototype allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, its epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis should be considered in patients with poorly controlled asthma despite appropriate routine therapy and environmental control. The need for frequent courses of corticosteroids with temporary improvement should raise the index of suspicion and appropriate evaluation be done. Early recognition and prompt initiation of appropriate corticosteroid treatment regimen would reduce the risk of development or progression of bronchiectasis and lung tissue damage. Regular follow up and monitoring serum total IgE level can predict exacerbations and should prompt corticosteroid treatment. Long term follow-up is important as relapses can occur years of remission.
Improving Energy Efficiency Fairness of Wireless Networks: A Deep Learning Approach

Achieving energy efficiency (EE) fairness among heterogeneous mobile devices will become a crucial issue in future wireless networks. This paper investigates a deep learning (DL) approach for improving EE fairness performance in interference channels (IFCs) where multiple transmitters simultaneously convey data to their corresponding receivers. To improve the EE fairness, we aim to maximize the minimum EE among multiple transmitter–receiver pairs by optimizing the transmit power levels. Due to fractional and max-min formulation, the problem is shown to be non-convex, and, thus, it is difficult to identify the optimal power control policy. Although the EE fairness maximization problem has been recently addressed by the successive convex approximation framework, it requires intensive computations for iterative optimizations and suffers from the sub-optimality incurred by the non-convexity. To tackle these issues, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) where the procedure of optimal solution calculation, which is unknown in general, is accurately approximated by well-designed DNNs. The target of the DNN is to yield an efficient power control solution for the EE fairness maximization problem by accepting the channel state information as an input feature. An unsupervised training algorithm is presented where the DNN learns an effective mapping from the channel to the EE maximizing power control strategy by itself. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed DNN-based power control method performs better than a conventional optimization approach with much-reduced execution time. This work opens a new possibility of using DL as an alternative optimization tool for the EE maximizing design of the next-generation wireless networks.
Forensic Investigation of Linguistic Sources of Electronic Scam Mail: A Statistical Language Modelling Approach

Electronic handling of information is one of the defining technologies of the digital age. These same technologies have been exploited by unethical hands in what is now known as cybercrime. Cybercrime is of different types but of importance to the present study is the 419 Scam because it is generally (yet controversially) linked with a particular country Nigeria. Previous research that attempted to unravel the controversy applied the Internet Protocol address tracing technique. The present study applied the statistical language modelling technique to investigate the propensity of Nigeria's involvement in authoring these fraudulent mails. Using a hierarchical modelling approach proposed in the study, 28.85% of anonymous electronic scam mails were classified as being from Nigeria among four other countries. The study concluded that linguistic cues have potentials of being used for investigating transnational digital breaches and that electronic scam mail problem cannot be pinned down to Nigeria as believed generally, though Nigeria could be one of the countries that are prominent in authoring such mails.
Corporate Social Responsibility vs. Government Regulation: Institutional Analysis with an Application to Russia

The paper considers corporate social responsibility (CSR) as an institutional alternative to government regulation, which implements Coase-type bargains between corporations and their stakeholders. Comparative analysis of costs and benefits of these two institutions presented in the paper provides basis for explanation and assessment of various CSR models. Russian CSR is used as an illustration; our analysis reveals strong institutional complementarity between CSR, on the one hand, and protection of property rights and availability of social capital, on the other.
Nonlinear static analysis of a pile-supported wharf

Abstract The aim of this paper is to carry out a nonlinear static analysis using a case study of a pile-supported wharf in a new oil tankers port. The seismic activity in this area is very intense with the peak ground acceleration of 0.55 g; for this reason, it is very important to analyse the structural behaviour of the nonlinear situation. The analysis of the wharf, modelled in 3D by finite element method, serves to calculate the structure vibration periods (the structure’s first period is 1.68 s) and the capacity curve. The design of the structure follows traditional criteria by international guidelines, and its procedure is in accordance to classic theoretical methods and codes. For the selection of adequate characteristic earthquake input for the pushover analysis European and Venezuelan codes have been used. Besides being important to study the seismic influence on the body of the wharf and on critical elements, as well as and the interaction fluid-structure-soil, it is also important to analyse the consequences of structure failure and to estimate the maximum allowed displacement. The results show that the ultimate displacement is 18,81 cm. A port is an extremely strategic work, which needs to be carefully designed to avoid environmental damage and maintain human safety.
Characterization of double-stranded RNA in Trichoderma spp. isolates in Chiang Mai province

One hundred and fifty-six isolates of Trichoderma spp. were collected from mushroom growth media, farm lands and commercial biological product sing dilution plate method were examined for the presence of dsRNA. Two of these is olates contained double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) elements were detected. One dsRNA segment o f 1000 bp and two of dsRNA segments of 700 and 1100 bp were detected from isol ate TM10 and TM20 respectively. To eliminate dsRNA these isolates namely TM10h and TM2 0h were subjected to heat therapy by alternately incubated at 37 C for 3 hours and room temperature (28-30 C) interval for 24 hours and then subcultured for 10 times. It was fou nd that both fungal isolates were improved their growth rate and sporulation, dsRNA was still appeared. Production of exochitinase from Trichoderma spp. isolates: T15, T42, T75 (free from dsRNA); TM 10, TM20 (contained dsRNA) and TM10h, TM20h (contained dsRNA after heat treatment) were evaluated. There was not significant of their enzyme production amon g these isolates. By other hand all 7 isolates were evaluated for antagonistic activity t o Sclerotium rolfsii by dual culture technique. Percentage of growth inhibition of free dsRNA isola tes, T15, T42 and T75 were 71.67, 54.93 and 60.79% which higher than dsRNA-containing isola tes TM10, TM20, TM10h and TM20h that inhibition percentages were 25.42, 24.62, 28.5 2 and 26.74% respectively. The results of greenhouse experiment indicated that Trichoderma spp. T15 and T75 showed a high ability of inhibitory effects on plant pathogen that percentag es of disease incidences were 25.00% for both of the isolates and 48.75% for the T42 isolate while TM10, TM20, TM10h and TM20h isolates had lower ability to inhibit pathogen that the disease incidence were 72.50, 66.25, 62.25 and 63.75%, respectively. It was obvioused the appearan ce of dsRNA in both Trichoderma isolates, TM10 and TM20 resulted in the reduction f their growth rate, sporulation and biological control efficacy.
Impact of multiple risk factors and ranitidine prophylaxis on the development of stress‐related upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A prospective, multicenter, double‐blind, randomized trial

To evaluate the impact of risk factors on the development of stress-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding in severe head injury patients randomized to treatment with a 6.25 mg/hr continuous ranitidine infusion or placebo. Design:Prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Setting:Ten intensive care units in the United States. Patients:Patients with severe head injury, defined as having a Glasgow Coma Score of ≤10, were eligible for enrollment. Interventions:Ranitidine 6.25 mg/hr or saline placebo was administered by continuous infusion for a maximum of 5 days. Measurements and Main Results:Patients were evaluated every 8 hrs for the presence of stress-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Bleeding developed in 15 (19%) of 81 placebo-treated patients vs. three (3%) of 86 ranitidine-treated patients (p = .002). None of the individual risk factors had a significant effect on bleeding frequency. No bleeding occurred in the four patients with one risk factor. Placebo bleeding rates in patients with 2, 3 to 5, and >5 risk factors were 20%, 20%, and 18%, respectively. For the ranitidine-treated patients, bleeding was reported in 0%, 5%, and 0% in the 2, 3 to 5, and >5 risk factor subgroups, respectively. Pneumonia occurred in 19% of the placebo-treated patients vs. 14% in the ranitidine treatment group. Conclusions:The full risk to develop stress-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding was realized 'when two risk factors were present concomitantly. The presence of additional risk factors did not increase the occurrence of bleeding. A continuous infusion of ranitidine at 6.25 mg/hr provided significant protection from bleeding, regardless of the number of risk factors present. (Crit Care Med 1993; 21:1844–1849)
$H_{\infty}$ FEEDBACK CONTROLS BASED ON DISCRETE-TIME STATE OBSERVATIONS FOR SINGULAR HYBRID SYSTEMS WITH NONHOMOGENEOUS MARKOVIAN JUMP

In this paper, the H∞-control problem for singular Markovian jump systems (SMJSs) with variable transition rates by feedback controls based on discrete-time state observations is studied. The mode-dependent time-varying character of transition rates is supposed to be piecewise-constant. By designing a feedback controller based on discrete-time state observations, employing a stochastic Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, and combining with the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technologies, sufficient conditions under the case of nonhomogeneous transition rates are developed such that the controlled system is regular, impulse free, and stochastically stable. Subsequently, the upper bound on the duration τ between two consecutive state observations and prescribed H∞ performance γ are derived. Moreover, the achieved results can be easily checked by the Matlab LMI Tool Box. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
The Satanic Verses

Intertextuality in Salman Rushdie's The Satanic VersesAn Attempt to Understand the Muslim Reaction to the Satanic VersesAn Islamic Overview of The Satanic VersesDas Zusammenspiel von formalen und thematischen Merkmalen in Salman Rushdies “The Satanic Verses”Translation as a central topic in Salman Rushdie s novel the Satanic VersesAn Analysis of The Satanic Verses by Salman Rushdie with Regard to MetamorphosesDie satanischen VerseHow Rushdie Fooled the WestSacrilege Versus CivilityThe Satanic Verses, Or, a Satanic Novel? Gale Researcher Guide for: Salman Rushdie's The Satanic VersesGolden HouseThe Satanic Verses by Salman Rushdie (Book Analysis)Das Lächeln des JaguarsThe Holy Verses in Reply to Salman Rushdie's 'The Satanic Verses'Die satanischen VerseMahound, der Geschäftsmann. Das Mohammed-Bild in Salman Rushdies The Satanic Verses im Vergleich mit der Prophetenbiographie, christlichen und islamischen QuellenA Study Guide for Salman Rushdie's "The Satanic Verses"Luka und das LebensfeuerThe Satanic VersesThe Satanic Verses, was it Worth All the Fuss? The Satanic Verses en Salman RushdiePlace of the SacredGrimusAspekte der Hybridität in Salman Rushdies "The Satanic Verses"The Satanic Verses: Bradford RespondsSalman Rushdie's "The Satanic Verses"The Satanic VersesHistory and Satire in Salman Rushdie's The Satanic VersesThe Myth of September 11. The Satanic Verses of Western DemocracySalman Rushdie on The Satanic VersesDie satanischen VerseJoseph AntonThe (un)reading of Salman Rushdie's The Satanic VersesBefore OrthodoxySalman Rushdie Midnight's Children/ The Satanic VersesExploiting the Instability of LanguageElusive hybridityThe Satanic VersesSalman Rushdie's The Satanic Verses: War Against Containment
Urban-rural differences in subjective well-being: Turkey

Urban-rural differences in subjective well-being: Turkey. The study explores whether urban and rural disparities in terms of material and non-material conditions are re ected in the happiness of rural and urban residents in the case of Turkey. The study aims at contributing to the empirical literature on the geographic dimension of happiness by examining differences in rural and urban determinants in the case of a developing country, since developing countries have been rarely examined despite their rapid urbanization and their efforts to improve rural development. We analyze the data from a nationally representative survey collected by TURKSTAT through a series of linear and ordered logit regressions. The ndings of the study indicate that the mean happiness of urban areas is higher than that of rural areas over time, apart from 2011, while there is a convergence between rural and urban happiness on average. In estimated regressions, we could not nd statistically signi cant coef cients on a rural dummy. In separate estimations for both sub-samples, we found that differences in rural and urban happiness occur especially in economic estimators. Employment status, social security coverage and income level are not statistically signi cant estimators of the rural sample, contrary to the urban sample and the sample as a whole. Also, the perceived social pressure and positive expectations for the country’s future are not statistically signi cant for the rural sample, while they are signi cant for the urban sample. Finally, urban happiness is positively correlated with both satisfaction with central public services and local public services, while rural happiness has a statistically signi cant association only with those of central government services.
Aftermath of Another Dutch War

It is generally know that The Netherlands, along with many other European countries, was occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II. It is less known that many Dutch, civilians and military alike, also suffered as a consequence of the war in the Far East. For three centuries, The Netherlands dominated a beautiful and exotic archipelago, presently known as the Republic oflndonesia. In 1942, the Japanese occupied the Dutch East Indies and terrorized those of European descent until the end of the war. In the years following World War II, most war victims who had special ties with the Dutch moved to The Netherlands. However, upon arrival, little or no attention was paid to the survivors from this former Dutch colony. Approximately halfway into the 1980s, it became clear that some children of East Indian war victims displayed symptoms and problems similar to those of, for instance, children of Holocaust survivors. In the 1970s, along with their American and Israeli colleagues, Dutch mental health professionals were among the first to publish on intergenerational traumatization. In those early days, studies were mainly focused on children of the few surviving Dutch Jews (de Graaf, 1975; Musaph, 1978). In The Netherlands, a distinction is made between various groups of children of World War II survivors. First of all, but by no means the most numerable, are the offspring of Jewish survivors ofNazi persecution. Second are children of participants of the resistance against the German oppressor (Op den Velde, Chapter 9, this volume). The third and most ignored group are children of so-called Dutch quislings (Lindt, Chapter 10, this volume). The last, but likely the most sizeable group, are the sons and daughters of survivors of World War II from the former Dutch Indies. Very little has been published on the latter.
Trends in non-destructive testing of rock bolts

Rock bolts represent a critical element for many rock mass stabilization, tunnel construction, and underground work projects. Therefore, the evaluation of their condition is vital for proving their functionality over the entire life-cycle of structures. A number of techniques for quantifying condition of rock bolts are presently applied or are being developed. These include acoustic-based and vibration-based methods, which take advantage of various types of sensors and signal-processing tools. This paper provides an overview of available non-destructive test methods for rock bolts, considering both current practice and state of the art approaches.
Healthcare Mistreatment and Cultural Beliefs Impact HbA1c in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The aim of this research was to examine the effects of healthcare mistreatment and cultural beliefs on psychological, behavioral, and biological phenomena relevant to treatment adherence and health outcome among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The study was conducted in Chile, where the prevalence of T2DM is one of the highest in Latin America and is increasing at an accelerated rate. The research was guided by Betancourt’s Integrative Model and bottom-up mixed-method cultural research approach. Consistent with the hypotheses of the study, the test of a structural equation model based on the Integrative Model, including exposure to healthcare mistreatment, diabetes-related cultural beliefs, psychological distress, and medical avoidance as determinants of HbA1c, a biological measure of diabetes control, fit the data. The fact that the analysis of structural equations accounted for significant variance in HbA1c provides supporting evidence for extending the Integrative Model, to explain biological phenomena based on cultural and psychological factors.
Efficacy of Irrigation in Elective,Instrumented Spinal Fusions

Efficacy of Irrigation in Elective,Instrumented Spinal Fusions Causes of postoperative spinal surgery infections (POSSI) are multifactorial and related to both patient and procedural influences. Because of these omplexities,predictable infection rates likely exist that do not extrapolate to 0%. There has been no study that has proven that lack of irrigation,antibiotic laden or otherwise, increases the risk of postoperative infection in elective spine surgery.