Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Weed vegetation and its conservation value in three management systems of Hungarian winter cereals on base-rich soils.

Floristic composition and conservation value of the weed vegetation of winter cereal fields on base-rich soils in western Hungary was compared among three management systems: (i) small, extensively managed fields; (ii) small, intensively managed fields and (iii) large, intensively managed fields. Data were analysed by principal components analysis (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA). Most variation in species composition was explained by the differences between the three field types, particularly by the difference between the extensively managed fields and the two types of intensively managed fields and by crop cover. There were several species positively associated with small extensively managed fields, but no species associated with either of the two types of intensively managed fields. Logistic regression was made of the occurrence of species groups important for nature conservation on the first RDA axis, representing the distinction between the extensively and intensively managed fields. This showed that Red List and insect-pollinated plant species occurred more frequently in small extensively managed fields, but there was no difference between fields in the frequency of bird seed-food species.
Probability Distribution of Dependency Distance Based on a Treebank of Japanese EFL Learners’ Interlanguage

ABSTRACT Ouyang and Jiang (2018) measured the second language proficiency of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners based on the probability distribution of dependency distance. However, the typological features of the native language (Chinese) and the target language (English) they adopted are generally considered similar in word order and dependency direction. In addition, their method of classifying the learners’ proficiency levels is based on the learners’ grades, which might weaken the validity of the results. These results are strengthened and verified further in the current research by analysing a treebank of Japanese EFL learners’ interlanguage since their native language and the target language are typologically distinctive. Moreover, the TOEIC score was used as a benchmark to classify the second language proficiency levels of the learners. We found that (1) the mean dependency distance can measure the syntactic complexity of Japanese EFL learners’ interlanguage; (2) constrained by human working memory, the probability distribution of dependency distance based on Japanese EFL learners’ interlanguage follows certain distribution patterns as unveiled in other natural human languages; (3) the parameters of the right truncated modified Zipf-Alekseev distribution can well reflect the changes of the Japanese EFL learners’ second language proficiency, indicating the development of interlanguage.
Cleistogamy in Two Species of Danthonia

D. spicata is widely distributed in the eastern part of the United States. In Indiana its clumps of curly leaves often stand out as a striking feature of the winter flora of clay hills so poor as to support little else in the way of a ground covering. Material for this study was collected in open fields and in the woods on poor clay soil north and east of Bloomington, Indiana, and supplemented with occasional specimens from other parts of the state. D. sericea is reported as occurring on sandy soil from Massachusetts southward to Florida. A typical habitat is the pine woods on red, sandy clay soil of the Piedmont region. Material was collected from several places in Georgia, chiefly near Athens and Unadilla. Both species were identified by careful comparison with the descriptions and with material from the same or similar localities, which had been identified by Dr. A. S. HITCHCOCK or Mrs. AGNES CHASE.
Factors Influencing the Collection Efficiency of Estuarine Fishes

Abstract We evaluated the efficiency with which estuarine fishes were collected in a haul seine on 11 dates from 1984 to 1988. Comparisons between the catch in the first haul and the total population in a tidal creek pool demonstrated that species richness, species rank, and size distributions of dominant taxa were represented well in the first haul. However, abundance was not reliably estimated by a single collection. Collection efficiency for the six most common taxa ranged from 7 to 91%. A two-way analysis of variance, used to examine the efficiency of the first haul, indicated significant main effects for species and season. In general, efficiencies were significantly higher in summer and winter than in spring and autumn. Multiple-regression analyses, used to predict the efficiency of the first haul as a function of water temperature, salinity, total numbers, and modal length, only yielded significant relationships for some species. Collection efficiencies of striped mullet Mugil cephalus were related.
The Manufacture of Synthetic Rutile by Solvent Extraction of Tri-Alkyl Phosphine Oxide from HCl Leaching Solution of Soda-Roasted Ilmenite Ore

To manufacture TiO2, a high-purity synthetic rutile, the recovery of Ti was investigated using a hydro-metallurgical process. Using a feed solution containing 32050 mg/L Ti, 110 mg/L Si, 88 mg/L Nb, 2614 mg/L Fe, and 130 mg/L Zr, solvent-extraction experiments were conducted with alkyl phosphine oxide in conjunction with diluents such as kerosene and xylene. The results showed that the extraction mechanism of both diluents was very similar to slope analysis, which had a value of 1.9; however, the extraction equilibrium constant value of organic–metallic species in xylene as a diluent was lower than in kerosene as a diluent. This result affected the stripping efficiency of Ti in particular; therefore, xylene was selected as a diluent. To recover Ti ion from a leaching solution, a series of experiments was conducted, such as the McCabe–Thiele method and countercurrent simulation test for extraction and stripping of Ti. As a result, Ti and impurities such as Fe and Zr were extracted to 99.9% from Si and Nb under optimal conditions using countercurrent four-stage extraction, with 1 M Cyanex 923 at a ratio of organic phase/ aqueous phase=3. In the stripping test, Ti was selectively stripped to 90.1% from Fe and Zr in the organic phase by 1 M HCl. The obtained powder, which was hydrolyzed from an impurity-free solution, was analyzed to a purity of 99.9% by inductively coupled plasma. The TiO2, which has a spherical shape and a diameter of approximately 2 µm according to SEM, was evident by XRD.
Exploring the Importance of Emotions Within Consumer Behaviour on the Czech Luxury Cosmetic Market

In the last few decades, the role of emotions has been gaining importance across all industries when examining consumer's behavioural decisions. The impact that the emotions have on judgments, evaluations and decisions has long been important not only to psychology, but also to economic sciences. This paper aims to investigate the attitudes and behaviour of Czech women in regards to purchasing, using and their overall attitude to skincare products in the luxury segment, with special focus on emotions and social status as an influential factor. A targeted questionnaire was applied as a base to gain relevant quantitative data. Quantitative data were collected from 782 cosmetics consumers in luxury perfumeries all over the Czech Republic. Data were evaluated by means of descriptive statistics, dependencies were expressed by contingency (Chi-Square Test) and customer segmentation was managed by cluster analysis (k-means method, Euclidian distance). The obtained data clearly shows the significant importance of emotions and social value to certain female consumer segments. The research results provided valuable insights and information for the producers, marketers and managers to understand consumer attitudes, behaviour and social trends in the skincare cosmetics perfumery market and will help them to develop products, marketing and business strategies that are tailor-made to actual consumer needs and desires.
A Preliminary Assessment of the Local Diversity of Family Farms Change Trajectories Since 1950 in a Pyrenees Mountains Area

In agriculture and environmental sustainability research, assessment of local diversity of individual farm dynamics and farmers' behaviors appears of special interest for enlightening changes in ecological, social, and economical functions related to farming in rural communities and landscapes. It also includes challenges due to current methodology limitations. In this study, we developed a method for assessing the variety in individual change trajectories since 1950 of farms in a case study area in the Pyrenees (France). Changes in individual farms and households over the period were described at a five-year step using a set of indicators selected in reference to a social-ecological model of family farm dynamics. They were respectively categorized using a spatial-temporal multivariate analysis method. Results gained on a 24-farm sample showed four contrasted farm-development trajectories that could be related to lifecycle patterns of individual households. This opens new prospects for integrated assessment of individual farms' dynamics within a local agricultural system.
Identification and evaluation of vegetable type pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the world germplasm collection at ICRISAT genebank

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. ) seed harvested while it is immature is a nutritious vegetable and forms a substitute for green pea [Pisum sativum (L.)]. Using the characterization data of more than 12,000 accessions conserved at ICRISAT genebank, Patancheru, India, 105 accessions were selected for important traits of vegetable pigeonpea (mature pod length>6 cm, seeds per pod>5 and 100-seed weight>15 g) and evaluated for these traits during 2007–08. From the initial evaluation, 51 accessions were identified as vegetable type and further evaluated for traits of vegetable pigeonpea during 2008–09 to identify most promising accessions. ICP 13831 produced longest immature pods (10.3 cm), ICP 13828 had maximum number of seeds per pod (5.9) and ICP 12746 produced larger seeds (44.8 g/100 seeds). Highest percentage of total soluble sugars (9.7%) was recorded in immature seeds of ICP 13413. ICP 15143 followed by ICP 15186 recorded more dry pods per plant and seed yield per plant. Performance of ICP 12184, ICP 13413, ICP 14085 and ICP 15169 was better than that of the best control for pod length, seeds per pod, soluble sugars and protein content. Cluster analysis based on scores of first five principal components resulted in three clusters that differed significantly for days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, shelling percentage and soluble sugars. Important traits of vegetable pigeonpea such as immature pod length, seeds per pod, seed soluble sugars and protein content had shown strong positive correlation. Caribbean and Eastern Africa were found as the best source regions for vegetable pigeonpea. Evaluation of selected accessions at potential locations in different countries was suggested to identify vegetable pigeonpeas suitable for different regions and for use in crop improvement programs.
Description of psychosocial traits of preschool education teachers and investigation of correlations between these traits

The aim of this research was to describe the psychosocial traits of preschool teachers and to investigate the correlations between these traits. Designed according to the relational screening method, participants in this research comprised 102 teachers working in independent preschools and preschool classes linked to primary schools in Canakkale province. To collect psychosocial data, the research used a personal information form, semi-structured interview form, the Empathic Tendency Scale, Ways of Coping Questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Burnout Measures– Short Form and Self-Efficacy Scale. Findings obtained in the research showed that having a model (teacher, friend and family) was more effective than other factors in preschool teachers choosing this profession. Nearly, half of the teachers (49%) stated they would choose preschool teaching again if they had the chance, while the remaining teachers stated they would choose a different area of teaching or a different profession (theology, engineering, medicine, etc.). Keywords: Preschool teachers, psychosocial, life satisfaction, burnout, coping with stress.
Adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica de cultivares de café arábica em Minas Gerais

The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenotypic adaptability and stability for grain yield of the Catuai group of coffee cultivars by the method Annicchiarico. The experiments were installed and carried out in the counties of Tres Pontas, Campos Altos and Capelinha, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates and six plants per plot. The treatments were constituted by 15 cultivars of the Catuai group and five controls. The grain yield evaluations were performed in the six harvests from 2003/2004 to 2008/2009 growing seasons. Then, the joint analysis of the three localities and the evaluation of cultivars adaptability and stability were performed. The parameters floating beans and high sieve grains were carried out considering the 2008/2009 harvest. The cultivars Catuai Vermelho IAC 15, Catuai Amarelo IAC 30, Catuai Amarelo IAC 62 and Catuai Vermelho IAC 72 were the most promising because they allied higher stability and adaptability in favorable and unfavorable environments with mean high yield. The cultivars Catuai Vermelho IAC 100, Catuai Amarelo IAC 86, Rubi MG 1192 and Catuai Vermelho IAC 144 have the highest percentage of bean size grains. All the cultivars showed low percentage of floating grains.
Mesotherapy: From Historical Notes to Scientific Evidence and Future Prospects

Intradermal therapy, known as mesotherapy, is a technique used to inject a drug into the surface layer of the skin. In particular, it involves the use of a short needle to deposit the drug in the dermis. The intradermal microdeposit modulates the drug's kinetics, slowing absorption and prolonging the local mechanism of action. It is successfully applied in the treatment of some forms of localized pain syndromes and other local clinical conditions. It could be suggested when a systemic drug-sparing effect is useful, when other therapies have failed (or cannot be used), and when it can synergize with other pharmacological or nonpharmacological therapies. Despite the lack of randomized clinical trials in some fields of application, a general consensus is also reached in nonpharmacological mechanism of action, the technique execution modalities, the scientific rationale to apply it in some indications, and the usefulness of the informed consent. The Italian Mesotherapy Society proposes this position paper to apply intradermal therapy based on scientific evidence and no longer on personal bias.
A one-year prospective study of morbidity and mortality in first year following a hip fracture among the elderly patients

Background: Hip fractures are one of the most commonest and devastating injuries among the geriatric population. Increasing age, cognitive impairment and higher ASA scores are significantly associated with mortality among the geriatric age group. The objective of this study to evaluate the incidence and causes of morbidity and mortality associated with fracture of the hip in first year after the injury among the elderly population. Methods: A eighteen months prospective study at Narayana Medical College was conducted among patients aged >60 years treated for fracture of hip by arthroplasty and internal fixation. The cases were followed up for one year and mortality and morbidity were evaluated. Associated medical co morbidities were noted for all the cases in the study. Statistical analysis was carried out with IBM SPSS 24.0 and Stata 14 software. Results: In the study, 76 cases with M:F ratio of 7:12 and mean age of 63.21±1.4 years were included. Cardio vascular disease and anaemia were common co morbidities. Total mortality percentage in the present study after one year of follow up was 31.58%. Mean age of the cases with death in arthroplasty group was 71 years and 69 years in internal fixation group. Associated medical conditions had a direct relationship with mortality on the patients following surgery for fracture of the hip. Conclusions: Hemiarthroplasty for fracture of the neck and Internal fixation using dynamic hip screw for trochanteric fracture are still good options in the elderly. Proper post-operative management and follow up management for medical co morbidities provide better functional outcome and good results.
Cutting Type and IBA Treatment Duration Affect Teucrium fruticans Adventitious Root Quality

Root development of stem cuttings of Silver Germander ( Teucrium fruticans ) was investigated in relation to cutting type and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatment. Terminal cuttings of a clone grown in Sicily were trimmed to three types: terminal cuttings with apex (TWA), terminal cuttings without apex (TWOA) or sub-terminal cuttings (ST). To verify the cutting response to exogenous auxin, cuttings were dipped to a 2.0 cm depth in a 0.5% indole-3-butyric acid solution for 0, 5 or 7 minutes. Overall percent survival was 97 to 98%. Rooting percent, root number and root length were affected by cutting type and indole-3-butyric acid treatment. In general, TWA cuttings demonstrated a higher capacity to form roots than cuttings without apex (TWOA and ST cuttings). In absence of indole-3-butyric acid treatment, TWA and ST cuttings gave higher rooting percentages than TWOA cuttings. Exposing cuttings to indole-3-butyric acid improved percent rooting, number of roots per cutting and root length. The best results in terms of rooting percentage and root number per cuttings were obtained with TWA cuttings in combination with 7 min indole-3-butyric acid basal dip. However, cuttings taken farther down the stem, such as sub-terminal cuttings gave satisfactory rooting performance as well. We suggest that the use of all cutting types tested associated to indole-3-butyric acid basal dip for 5 or 7 min may be beneficial to propagators wishing to produce T. fruticans rooted cuttings with well-developed root system.
EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION ON A 20-YEAR-OLD RED PINE PLANTATION

The fertilizers, Mg at a rate of 100 lbs/acre and K at 200 lbs/acre, were applied around each of 15 red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) to promote increased growth in a 20-year-old plantation which had failed to fulfil growth expectations. Successive measurements of diameter and height showed that the fertilizers stimulated diameter significantly after the second growing season, but height only after the third growing season. Beneficial effect of fertilizer applications on diameter and height persisted, and the differences in diameter and height between treated and untreated trees at the end of the seventh growing season was equivalent to two years' current growth.
Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of blood culture isolates from patients with suspected neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan

Introduction: Neonatal septicemia is one of the commonest reasons for neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Knowledge of microbial flora and their susceptibility will help paediatricians decide on empirical treatment of neonatal sepsis. Objective: To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of blood culture isolates from patients with suspected neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Study design: A laboratory based prospective study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Sialkot, from March 2017 to February 2019. Methods: Blood culture and sensitivity testing was carried out on patients admitted for suspected neonatal sepsis from March 2017 to February 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of blood culture isolates was carried out by disk diffusion method using the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: During the study period, 345 blood cultures from 345 neonates (age range 1 day-28 days; mean age 13 days) were received by the laboratory, of which76 were culture positive. Gram negative bacilli were isolated from 44 cultures and Gram positive cocci from the remaining 32. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest isolate (n=28) followed by Escherichia coli (n=10), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=9) and Acinetobacter spp. (n=8). Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) constituted (n=19) 25% of culture positive isolates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from six patients. Serratia spp. , Enterobacter spp. and Enterococcus spp. from four patients each and Proteus spp. isolated from three patients. Linezolid was the most effective antimicrobial against the isolated Gram positive cocci, with 93.7% sensitivity demonstrated by MRSA, methicillin sensitive S. aureus and enterococcus spp. followed by sensitivity to clindamycin at 92.8%. Among Gram negative isolates, more than 80% of E. coli, K. pneumonia and Acinetobacter spp. were multidrug resistant. Susceptibility to polymyxin-B and tigecycline was shown by 88% and 71% of these isolates. Conclusion: A high degree of antibiotic resistance was observed in both Gram positive and Gram negative isolates which reflects a dire need for culture facilities and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in hospitals in Pakistan. No group B β hemolytic streptococci were isolated, most likely due to predominantly late onset neonatal sepsis in this cohort.
Long-term nutrient leaching from a Swedish arable field with intensified crop production against a background of climate change

Abstract Leaching of nutrients was studied at a tile drain outlet and in two pairs of groundwater pipes in an arable field in central Sweden in order to identify trends and impacts of the climate. In the study period (1973–2005), crop production was dominated by spring barley, winter wheat, rape and, in later years, potatoes. Winter crops were cultivated 60% of the time. Leaching of total nitrogen (TotN) and total phosphorus (TotP) to drain water was low, on average 10 kg ha−1 year−1 for TotN and 0.07 kg ha−1 year−1 for TotP based on measurements. Nitrogen fertilisation increased slightly from 121 to 142 kg ha−1 year−1 during the period in a balanced way in line with increasing crop yields of cereals, from 5.8 to 6.6 tonnes year−1. For the entire study period, the temperature was estimated to increase significantly by a total of +2 °C for the growing season (April–September). Precipitation (+16 mm) and humidity (+11%) were also estimated to have increased significantly, mainly in June. Simulations with a deterministic and coupled N-leaching database model (SOILN-DB) indicated an increased rate of mineralisation (+2 kg ha−1 year−1) and increased N leaching to the drain pipes (+0.06 kg ha year−1) as a result of climate changes. In this simulation spring tillage instead of autumn tillage was estimated to reduce N leaching by 10%. Mineral P fertilisers were applied to winter crops in autumn until 1999, but thereafter all mineral P fertilisers were applied in spring by drilling in bands. A weak trend for decreasing concentration of dissolved reactive phosphorus was indicated based on the measurements in the tile drain outlet.