Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acceleration of White Brine Cheese by Microbial Lipase Enzyme

The aim of this work was to determine some physicochemical (Titratable acidity%, Lactose%, Dry matter%, Salt%, Fat %) and to measure proteolysis by Water soluble Nitrogen (WSN %) and Tri-choloro acetic acidSoluble Nitrogen (TCA-SN %) of white brine cheese accelerated by microbial lipase enzyme at two levels (1% and 2%) during 90 days of ripening period (5, 45 and 90 days). Titratable acidity%, fat%, dry matter% and WSN% changed significantly (P<0.05) during ripening but lactose%, salt% and NPN% did not differ significantly (P<0.05) during ripening. Dry matter%, fat% and lactose% decreased during ripening but titratable acidity%, WSN% and NPN% increased throughout the ripening period. A longer ripening period could produce a better quality of final product.
Antibiotic resistance and incidence of Enterococcus species in Turkish white cheese

Thirty samples of Turkish white cheese were analysed for the presence of Enterococcus spp. , and presumptive isolates were identified by morphological, cultural and biochemical tests and confirmed by the API 20 Strep System. Among the 101 isolates of Enterococcus spp. , 62 were E. faecalis, 25 were E. faecium, seven were E. durans, five were E. mundtii and two were E. hirae/dispar. The resistance of the isolates to 13 different antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test. Resistance to streptomycin, erythromycin, oxacillin and vancomycin was frequently found in these enterococci, and resistance to vancomycin was found in 96.8% of E. faecalis isolates and 76% E. faecium. The most effective antimicrobials were ampicillin (69. 3% of isolates inhibited) and imipenem (76. 3% of isolates inhibited). This examination confirmed the presence of enterococci, especially vancomycin-resistant strains, in Turkish white cheese, indicating poor sanitary conditions during production and processing and a significant health risk for consumers.
Density‐dependent changes in sex ratio in Colias lesbia (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Abstract. 1 The changes in sex ratio of a population of Colias lesbia were studied for four consecutive years. 2 A constant sex ratio was found in the samples taken in the 34 days following the last harvest of the alfalfa. 3 For the samples taken 35 or more days after the harvest the sex ratio decreases as the total number of adults caught increases. 4 The indirect evidence collected suggests that differences in emigration tendencies between sexes play a major role in determining the sex ratio in this species.
A Comparison Among Assemblages in Areas Invaded by Caulerpa taxifolia and C. racemosa on a Subtidal Mediterranean Rocky Bottom

This study compares the structure of Mediterranean macroalgal assemblages invaded by Caulerpa taxifolia and C. racemosa. Assemblages in areas colonized by the two algae and in reference areas were sampled and analyzed for 2 years. Significant differences were recorded both between reference and invaded areas and between areas invaded by different Caulerpa species. Macroalgal assemblages colonized by C. racemosa were more separated from references than those colonized by C. taxifolia. Differences between assemblages colonized by C. racemosa and the others decreased during the alga's period of vegetative rest and increased at the last sampling date. While erect and turf species showed similar patterns in invaded areas, covers of encrusting algae were lower in C. racemosa areas than in C. taxifolia areas.
Growth-Promoting Effects of Fermented Soybeans for Broilers

Abstract Four factorial experiments are here reported on the use of control and fermented soybeans in glucose-soybean diets for broiler chicks with varying protein levels (15, 17 and 19% and 13, 16 and 19%). Eleven strains of Aspergilli were used as cultures in these experiments, selected on the basis of a prior history of beneficial effects. Data obtained from 4-week growth studies revealed that feeding soybeans fermented with 10 of the 11 species gave significant (P
Factors affecting Customer Retention in the Restaurant Industry: Moderating Role of Restaurant Location

This study investigated the main effects of service quality and price fairness on customer retention. The study also investigated the moderating role of restaurant location in service quality, price fairness-customer retention relationships. Data collected from 182 customers visiting selected restaurants located in Multan city of Pakistan. The collected data relates to the chosen variables i.e. service quality, price fairness, restaurant location, and customer retention. The significant positive results of linear regression analysis revealed that service quality, price fairness and restaurant location predicted the customer retention. The results of step-wise multiple regression analysis revealed that restaurant location positively moderated the relationship of service quality and customer retention. It also revealed that restaurant location positively moderated the relationship of price fairness and customer retention. This study may have practical implications for human resource managers regarding recruitment decisions. It may have importance for restaurant managers or owners regarding quality of service and pricing plans which are true reflection of the services provided. Similarly, they may give due consideration to the location factor while launching a food service business. On the basis of the findings of the study, conclusions have been made and recommendations and directions for further research have been offered.
University of Groningen Elucidating care for families with multiple problems in routine practice: Self-registered practice and program elements of practitioners Visscher, L.; Evenboer,

Families with multiple problems (FMP), also defined as multiproblem families or multistressed families, face multiple, severe, chronic and intertwined problems in different areas of life. Content and provision of interventions targeting FMP in routine practice may largely deviate from guidelines in intervention manuals. The aim of this study was to identify practice and program elements provided to FMP in routine practice, including the intensity, manner of provision, and recipients, per intervention phase (starting-, careand end phase). We selected interventions with at least moderate (d ≥ 0.5) effect sizes in the Dutch context, yielding eight interventions. Practitioners of 26 Dutch organizations systematically registered information on practice and program elements, intensity, manner of provision, and recipients, using the taxonomy of interventions for FMP. Within 474 trajectories we found that elements regarding activation of the social network of FMP were provided least often (in less than 48–77% of the families). Elements were provided mainly through psycho-education (25–33%) and instruction (21–24%). Interventions focused more on parents (53–62%) than on children (26–32%). Program elements hardly changed between phases of interventions, although the number of visits decreased (from an average of six visits a month during the starting phase to four visits during the end phase). An inventory of elements that make part of interventions for FMP allows studying the effectiveness of these interventions in a more detailed way. This yields information that may help to identify the optimal sequence, intensity and duration of elements and enables to better understand outcomes of interventions for FMP.
Effects of metal contamination from mine tailings on allozyme distributions of populations of Great Plains fishes

This study was conducted to assess the effects of zinc and lead on genetic variability of minnow populations (Gambusia affinis, Pimephales notatus, and Fundulus notatus) sampled from two creeks, one receiving mine drainage (Willow Creek) and one reference (Brush Creek), in the Tri-State Mining district in Kansas. Zinc and lead concentrations were greater in water samples taken from sites in Willow Creek compared to sites sampled in Brush Creek. While total numbers of fish captured from Willow Creek were smaller than numbers taken from Brush Creek, there were no differences in these fish communities for estimates of species diversity, richness and evenness. Genetic differentiation within creeks was rare. However, there was significant differentiation between creeks for allozymes of the enzymes glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) in F. notatus and P. notatus, malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in G. affinis, and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGDH) in F. notatus. Proportions of heterozygous genotypes of P. notatus and G. affinis were higher in Willow Creek compared to Brush Creek. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess the effects of zinc and lead on sensitivity of enzyme staining during electrophoresis. Results indicated allozyme sensitivity to zinc for GPI and PGDH loci. Other studies suggest that zinc competitively competesmore » with magnesium as a cofactor for these enzymes. Allozymes did not exhibit differential sensitivity to lead. The significant differentiation between creek populations and the results of the in vitro tests indicate a selective effect of zinc on allozymic distributions of these fishes. These results demonstrate the potential use of genetic variability as a bioindicator of heavy metal contamination. « less
Estudo de modelo alternativo para estimação de componentes de (co)variância e predição de valores genéticos de características de crescimento em bovinos da raça Nelore

The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for non-standardized weights at nursing (PR120), at weaning (PR240), at yearling (PR365) and at post yearling (PR550), and to predict EPDs (expected progeny differences) for these traits using records from 29,769 Nellores. Covariance components and genetic parameters were estimated by mixed-model methodology, REML, using an animal model. Models for PR120, PR240, PR365 and PR455 included the random direct and maternal animal effects, the dam permanent environmental effect and the error. Fixed effects were contemporary group (CG) and age of cow at parturition (CIVP) and the covariate age of the calf at measuring. Two additional models for PR365, PR455 and PR550 analyses were used: the first included CG and CIVP, animal and maternal direct effect, residual and age of the calf (as covariate), and the second included CG and CIVP (as fixed effects), animal direct effect, residual and age of calf at measuring. Observed means±standard deviations were: 127±25kg (PR120); 191±34kg (PR240); 225±42kg (PR365); 266±51kg (PR455) and 310±56kg (PR550). From single-trait analyses, direct and maternal heritabilities for PR120, PR240, PR365 and PR455 were, respectively, . 23 and . 08; . 19 and . 10; . 24 and . 04; . 30 and . 04. Direct heritabilities were . 39; . 44 and . 43, respectively, for PR365, PR455 and PR550. In the model without permanent effect, direct and maternal heritabilities for PR365, PR455 and PR550 were . 25 and . 08; . 32 and . 07; . 38 and . 03, respectively. When the estimates for standardized traits at the same period were compared, no differences in magnitude were found. Rank correlation had important changes when standardized and non-standardized traits were compared.
Energetics of product formation during anaerobic degradation of phthalate isomers and benzoate

Methanogenic enrichment cultures grown on phthalate, isophthalate and terephthalate were incubated with the corresponding phthalate isomer on which they were grown, and a mixture of benzoate and the phthalate isomer. All cultures were incubated with bromoethanosulfonate to inactivate the methanogens in the mixed culture. Thus, product formation during fermentation of the aromatic substrates could be studied. It was found that reduction equivalents generated during oxidation of the aromatic substrates to acetate were incorporated in benzoate under formation of carboxycyclohexane. During fermentation of the phthalate isomers, small amounts of benzoate were detected, suggesting that the initial step in the anaerobic degradation of the phthalate isomers is decarboxylation to benzoate. Gibbs free energy analyses indicated that during degradation of the phthalate isomers, benzoate, carboxycyclohexane, acetate and molecular hydrogen accumulated in such amounts that both the reduction and oxidation of benzoate yielded a constant and comparable amount of energy of approximately 30 kJ mol−1. Based on these observations it is suggested that within narrow energetic limits, oxidation and reduction of benzoate may proceed simultaneously. Whether this is controlled by the Gibbs free energy change for carboxycyclohexane oxidation remains unclear.
The height of approaching humans does not affect flight-initiation distance

Capsule Responses of animals to anthropogenic disturbances are often quantified using flight-initiation distance, the distance at which an animal flees a stimulus such as a person. We showed that the height of 20 researchers, selected to represent a diversity of heights, did not affect estimates of flight-initiation distance of Black Swans Cygnus atratus, suggesting that the height of humans used to test hypotheses of flight-initiation distances is not a confounding variable.
Car-shared mobility services: development of quality measurement scales

This work provides three different scales aimed to assess the perceived quality of the services included in the car-shared mobility industry called RH-scale, RS-scale and CS-scale for ride-hailing, ride-sharing and car-sharing services respectively. The services considered have grown in Collaborative Consumption trend, basing their business on online platforms allowing the sharing of vehicles among users . Even if they share common features, they are characterized by specific characteristics and different providing models, involving specific economic figures as well as peers’ interactions typologies. The scope of this study is, therefore, to provide a multiple-services' analysis aimed to highlight all these differences in order to investigate about which are the different factors affecting customers' perceived quality of each mobility service. The result of the analysis is the development of three different measurement scales able to capture the relevant quality dimensions specific for each mobility service. For each typology of mobility service, the possible interactions involving the final customer in the use of the service have been analyzed in order to evaluate the relevant dimensions and features directly linked to users' perceptions of quality. For each of these interactions, a set of relevant dimensions and items have been proposed and included in each scale. The surveys have been sent to three samples of 61, 63 and 67 respondents for ride-hailing, ride-sharing and car-sharing respectively and the data have been used to perform the scales' validation processes. The RH-scale, proposed for ride-hailing services, is composed by 15 items in 4 dimension, two referring to the interaction with the platform provider (Site organization, Economic) and two to the PSP and car perceived quality (Ride, Empathy). As concern the RS-scale, aimed to assess the quality of ride-sharing services, the structure proposed includes the same dimension with slight differences and a new quality dimension referring to the social interaction with the other users. The result is a scale of 20 items and 5 dimension: Site organization, Economic, Ride, Empathy and Social Interaction. As concern the scale proposed for carsharing services, CS-scale, it is composed by 15 items and 5 dimension, 4 concerning the platform perceived quality (Site organization, Platform responsiveness, Legal Protection, Contact) and one related to the perceived quality of the physical assets (Tangibles). This study aims to add new knowledge about the relevant factors affecting the perceived quality of Collaborative Consumption services. Furthermore, it provides useful tools for companies to support managers in the assessment of the quality level delivered, in the evaluation of customers’ need and benchmarking activities and also for customers, effective or potential, to achieve a general view of the service.
Taxation of Emissions of Greenhouse Gases: The Environmental Impacts of Carbon Taxes

In theory, carbon taxes are considered a sound instrument to curb greenhouse gas emissions. Despite its relatively scarce and recent implementation, empirical assessments of carbon taxes effectiveness are increasingly available, although they have not been surveyed yet. We fill the gap by reviewing the main studies, including indirect effects on technological development and on other pollutants (i.e. co-benefits). We also consider the supplier’s response to higher expected future energy prices, surveying the principal theoretical findings and the first empirical contribution on the Green Paradox.
FrWT based OFDM system

: In this paper, a new technique called as fractional wavelet transforms (FrWT) is employed in OFDM system in order to improve the efficiency of the system. This transform generalizes the most required tool in the field of signal processing namely wavelet transform by rotation of signal in time frequency plane. The major advantage of this system over the other conventional system is it does not use any cyclic prefix. This leads to the improvement in the bandwidth efficiency of the communication system considered. The bit error rate (BER) performance is simulated for the comparison of FrWT with the other transforms such as discrete Fourier transform (DWT) and wavelet transform (WT). The results indicate that the FrWT-OFDM system has better performance than the conventional systems and also leads to improved spectral efficient OFDM system.
Hepatitis B envelope antigen in adult carriers of Chronic Hepatitis B surface antigen in a Tertiary Health Facility in North East Nigeria: 2000 - 2015

Introduction: Hepatitis B infection continues to be a serious global health problem with about 2 billion people infected worldwide, many of these in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Records of Hepatitis B surface and envelope antigen test results in adults attending the outpatient units and/ or admitted in Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe between May 2000 and May 2015 were retrieved and analyzed. Results: Hepatitis B surface antigen was tested for in 22,862 adults and children; 20375 (89.1%) were adults and 2487 (10.9%) were children. Adult Males were 11420 (56.0%) and females 8955 (44.0%). 4796 (23.5%) of tested adults were 19-25years; 11634 (57.1%) 26-45 years; 2074 (10.2%) 46-55 years; 5.5% (1112) and 759 (5.4%) > 65years. 4015/20375 (19.7%) were positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen. 2883/4015 (71.8%) males and 1132 (28.2%) females were Hepatitis B positive. 887/4015 (18.5%) between 19-25 years, 2533 (21.8%) among 26-45 year old individuals; 397 (19.1%); 136 (12.2%) and 62 (8.2%) of 46-55 year old, 56-65 year old and > 65year old individuals screened were Hepatitis B positive. 1361/4015 (34.0%) of HBsAg seropositive individuals were tested for HBe antigen. Males were 954 (69.4%) and females 407 (30.6%). HB e antigen was positive in 321/1361 (23.6%) of HBsAg carriers; 238 (74.1%) males and 83 (25.9%) females. 133 (41.4%); 165 (51.4%); 17 (5.3%); 4 (1.2%) and 2 (0.6) of HB e sero-positivity were among age groups 19-25, 26-45, 46-55, 56-65 and > 65 year old individuals respectively. 95/226 (42.0%); 126/600 (21.0%); 13/100 (13.0%); 3/23 (13.0%) and 1/5 (20.0%) of males aged 1925; 26-45; 46-55; 56-65; and > 65 years had HB e antigen respectively. Among females 38/116 (44.2%) aged 19-25; 39/241 (16.2%) 26-45; 4/44 (9.1%) 46-55; 1/5 (20.0%) 5665 and 1/1 (100%) had HBe antigen. Conclusion: Prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen is high in our facility and overall prevalence of Hepatitis B e antigen of 23% is an under estimation as only a third of Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers were tested. Implication for treatment is significant. OrIgInAl ArtIClE
The effect of phorate on wetland macroinvertebrates

The effects of phorate, an organophosphorus insecticide, on aquatic macroinvertebrates was studied in littoral mesocosms in South Dakota wetlands. In 1991 and 1992, four mesocosms were constructed in each of three wetlands. In each wetland, one mesocosm was a reference and phorate concentrations of 1.2, 2.4, and 4.8 kg/ha were applied to treatment mesocosms. Phorate caused mortality to amphipods and chironomids throughout the study. Leeches and snails were resistant to phorate. Few living macroinvertebrates were present in mesocosms after phorate treatment and populations recovered only slightly after 1 month. Macroinvertebrate taxa that were sensitive to phorate included: Odonata, Hemiptera, Culicidae, Heliidae, Ephemeroptera, Acarina, Coleoptera, Stratio-myidae, and Hydracarina. Taxa that were tolerant to phorate included: Hirudinea, Gastropoda, Oligochaeta, and Ostracoda.
False Rust Disease of the Winged Bean

Abstract The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus), a little known tropical legume, is currently attracting international interest as a plant that may have considerable agricultural potential. The plant has, until recently, been considered as a vegetable of minor importance and information on pests and diseases which attack it is scant, fragmented and often unpublished. Current information on false rust, a major disease of the winged bean in Papua New Guinea, is reviewed. The disease is also known to occur in Java, the Philippines and Malaysia. Any of the above ground parts of the winged bean may be attacked, resulting in severe galling and malformation. The causal agent is an obligate fungal parasite Synchytrium psophocarpi. The parasite is simple in structure, consisting of sori, sporangia and zoospores and has a short life cycle. Sporangia are short lived and dispersed mainly by wind. The parasite is thought to be host specific and it is not known whether resting spores exist. Possible methods for .
WHAT IS THE OVERALL GLOBAL LIFE CYCLE COST OF A PROJECT IN TERMS OF SHE?

This paper discusses the decision making processes for Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) for the design and/or the purchase of new chemicals, plant/equipment to final abandonment. It argues that the criteria used 10 to 20 years ago are not appropriate today particularly where there is a greater tendency to source equipment and materials from beyond the national shores. The decision has to be based on the total, global life cycle cost of Safety, Health and Environment (SHE). This will require a more critical analysis of the true costs and a new set of criteria for decision making based on global criteria. This, in turn, will almost certainly mean that criteria which are applicable to Europe and North America will have to be codified and used as part of the purchasing contract. The impact of these decisions may not be felt locally for some years but if they are not implemented “Industry” will have contributed to pollution and injury by its own default. The Challenge tce November 2008 page 3 Quote by David Brown IChemE CEO