Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of photosynthetic acclimation to rising CO2 and warmer temperatures on leaf and canopy photosynthesis models

There is an increasing necessity to understand how climate change factors, particularly increasing atmospheric concentrations of CO2 ([CO2]) and rising temperature, will influence photosynthetic carbon assimilation (A). Based on theory, an increased [CO2] concomitant with a rise in temperature will increase A in C3 plants beyond that of an increase in [CO2] alone. However, uncertainty surrounding the acclimation response of key photosynthetic parameters to these changes can influence this response. In this work, the acclimation responses of C3 photosynthesis for soybean measured at the SoyFACE Temperature by Free‐Air CO2 Enrichment experiment are incorporated in a leaf biochemical and canopy photosynthesis model. The two key parameters used as model inputs, the maximum velocity for carboxylation (Vc,max) and maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax), were measured in a full factorial [CO2] by temperature experiment over two growing seasons and applied in leaf‐ and canopy‐scale models to (1) reassess the theory of combined increases in [CO2] and temperature on A, (2) determine the role of photosynthetic acclimation to increased growth [CO2] and/or temperature in leaf and canopy predictions of A for these treatments, and (3) assess the diurnal and seasonal differences in leaf‐ and canopy‐scale A associated with the imposed treatments. The results demonstrate that the theory behind combined increases in [CO2] and temperature is sound; however, incorporating more recent parameterizations into the photosynthesis model predicts greater increases in A when [CO2] and temperature are increased together. Photosynthetic acclimation is shown to decrease leaf‐level A for all treatments; however, in elevated [CO2] the impact of acclimation does not result in any appreciable loss in photosynthetic potential at the canopy scale. In this analysis, neglecting photosynthetic acclimation in heated treatments, with or without concomitant rise in [CO2], leads to modeled overestimates of carbon gain for soybean under future predicted conditions.
Does altered insulin signalling modulate vascular regeneration

The prevalence of insulin resistant syndromes is rising worldwide. Affected individuals are at increased risk of morbidity and premature mortality, much of which is driven by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Enhancement of vascular regeneration, using pharmacological or cell-based therapies, has been suggested as a strategy to help address these issues. Although many pathophysiological processes associated with insulin resistant syndromes are likely to impair vascular regeneration, the effect of insulin resistance per se is not established. South Asian (SA) ethnicity is associated with increased risk of CVD, and insulin resistance is thought to be a major contributor to this. We compared the angiogenic capacity of late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells (LEPCs) from young SA men, with those from a matched group white European (WE) men. LEPC have previously been shown to offer potential as an autologous cell therapy in preclinical models of ischaemic CVD. Both groups were well matched, and free of classical cardiovascular risk factors, but the SA group were relatively insulin resistant. SA LEPCs did not augment vascular regeneration in a murine model of limb ischaemia, in contrast with WE LEPC. Akt activity, a critical modulator of angiogenesis, was reduced in SA LEPC, and we were able to rescue SA LEPC dysfunction by enhancing Akt activity. We then established the impact of insulin resistance per se on vascular regeneration, using insulin receptor haploinsufficient mice (IRKO). Indices of angiogenesis were reduced in isolated endothelial cells, aortic ring 5 segments, and ischaemic hind limb muscle. Moreover, this was associated with functional resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which may have mechanistically contributed to our observations. Together, these data provide insight into how insulin resistance may promote the development of premature CVD, and show that by manipulating key growth factor signalling nodes, we can rescue impaired vascular regeneration. Furthermore, we have established that insulin resistance negatively impacts on the functional response to VEGF, and it will be important to explore the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon in future studies. It is hoped that these findings will help lead to the development of strategies to mitigate the effects of CVD in individuals with insulin resistance.
Annual productivity and individual female reproductive success in a Great Bustard Otis tarda population

The reproductive success of Great Bustards Otis tarda in north-western Spain was studied between 1987 and 1998, both at the population (c. 700 adult females breeding in our study area) and the individual level (sample of 32 marked females). Overall productivity was low, with a population mean of only 0.14 chicks reared per adult female, and an average breeding success of 0.15 chicks per year in the sample of marked females, but interannual variability was high (0.04-0.29). Population productivity was positively correlated with winter (October-March) precipitation prior to each breeding season, and negatively correlated with the number of days of rain during the hatching period. High annual productivity resulted from a high proportion of females rearing two chicks. Reproductive success was higher in females older than 6 years than in younger birds. The proportion of females in the marked sample that failed in breeding after having bred successfully the previous season was significantly higher than the proportion of those that did not. Finally, females with a higher than average breeding success tended to breed successfully in years of both low and high population productivity, whereas those with lower than average breeding success did so only in years of high productivity.
Effects of Hurricane Georges on habitat use by captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) released in the Dominican Republic

We radio-tagged and released 49 captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) in Parque Nacional del Este (PNE), Dominican Republic, during 1997 and 1998. Our primary objective was to develop a restoration program centered on using aviary-reared birds to further the recovery of the criti- cally endangered Puerto Rican Parrot (A. vittata). Hurricane Georges made landfall over the release area on 22 September 1998 with sustained winds of 224 km/h, providing us with a unique opportunity to quantify responses of parrots to such disturbances. Quantitative data on such responses by any avian spe- cies are scarce, particularly for Amazona species, many of which are in peril and occur in hurricane-prone areas throughout the Caribbean. Mean home ranges of 18 parrots monitored both before and after the
Effect of nitrogen on fresh ear yield and kernel protein content of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata) under upper Mesopotamia region of Turkey

An experiment was conducted during 2003 and 2004 at Sanliurfa, Turkey, to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates (120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320 and 360 kg/ha) on fresh ear yield and kernel protein content of sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt). N levels were significant for fresh ear yield and protein content of kernel. Increasing nitrogen applications increased the fresh ear yield and protein content of kernel. The N use efficiency increased up to 240 kg/ha dosage (60.7 and 56.8%), but later it decreased in both years. When the regression analysis, economic considerations, climate and environment pollution evaluated together, optimum nitrogen dosage was 280 kg/ha along with the soil nitrogen content for 'Jubilee' sweet corn grown in semi-arid region.
Taxonomy, habitat choice and distribution of Kimunpsocus flavonimbatus (Rostock, 1879) comb. n. (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’: Psocidae)

The bark lice Psocus flavonimbatus Rostock, 1879 and Ptycta chubsugulensis Gunther, 1982 are assigned to the genus Kimunpsocus Yoshizawa, 2009. The male terminalia of K. flavonimbatus are described for the first time and compared to the corresponding structures of the other known species of the genus. Previously only known from the type locality in Estonia and the municipality of Kuhmo in Finland, K. flavonimbatus is now reported from 13 new sites and as a new species for four municipalities in eastern Central Finland. Analyses of an extensive material strongly suggest that K. flavonimbatus is a habitat-specialist species, confining its occurrence to pristine and semi-natural spruce-dominated forests. Nonetheless, its occurrence seems to be sporadic even in the old-growth forests. Forest structure of a subset of occupied and unoccupied sites is described and the conservation biology of K. flavonimbatus discussed.
Crescimento de novilhas mestiças das raças Holandesa e Jersey em comparação ao Holandês

Milk production in subtropical regions is mostly based in straigthbreds thoroughbred cows. Recently, the practice of crossbreeding between dairy breeds has become more popular in southern Brazil and has motivated this paper. The objective of this work was to compare growth of crossbred Holstein x Jersey in relation to the Holstein thoroughbred heifers. Evaluations have been carried out using data of three dairy herds in the states of Santa Catarina and Parana, which have in their breeding stock Holstein and Holstein x Jersey crossbred cows. The growth indicators used were height at withers and body weight, estimated from chest girth. We analyzed 427 measurements of 133 heifers from two to 24 months of age, from February 2008 to January 2009. The females were grouped into three genetic groups (Holstein, ¾ and ⅝ Holstein, ½ Holstein x Jersey - F1) and data submitted for analysis of variance. Holstein heifers exceeded crossbreds in body weight and height at withers, however, there was no difference between F1 crossbred animals and a higher proportion of Holstein (¾ and ⅝). The means ± standard errors for body weight were 278.1±2.95, 253.1±2.63 and 250.1±4.36 and for height at withers were 119.1±0.40, 113.1±0.36 and 111.9±0.60, respectively, for Holstein, ¾ and ⅝ Holstein and F1. There was an interaction between the effects of genetic groups and age of animals on the weight and height. From the regression equations of the effect of age on body weight estimated for all genetic groups, we can estimate for F1 crossbreds weghts equivalent to 84 and 89% of the Holstein thoroughbreds at 15 and 24 months of age, respectively, and for ¾ and ⅝ Holstein these weights were equivalent to 91 and 87%, respectively. We are concluded that Holstein x Jersey crossbred heifers show lower growth than the thoroughbred Holstein. They should be handled differently, especially regarding the weight at insemination.
Peculiar ultrastructural characteristics of fungal cells and of other elements apposed to and in vessel walls in plants of a susceptible carnation cultivar, infected with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp dianthi race 2

Ultrastructural characteristics and cytochemical reactions of unusual, irregular elements (IE) in vessel elements in susceptible carnation plants infected with Fusarium oxysporum are reported. As revealed by labelling for chitin, fungal cells in contact with host cell walls or content had altered or defective lucent layers, and labelling was frequently associated with their outer, opaque layer or matter located outside the cells. Coating matter on vessel walls occurred at all stages of infection, and IEs only in later stages. IEs were delineated by opaque, often folded bands, some contouring pit borders, and contained membranous and vesicular structures mixed with other fine components. Only then, IEs were strongly but not uniformly labelled for chitin. Coating, IE-delineating bands, and the opaque outer layer of typical fungal cells were texturally similar, not labelled for chitin or cellulose, except where they impinged upon host walls. Both probes for chitin and cellulose strongly attached to vessel secondary walls. IEs were often confluent with coating, and with fungal cells connected to them by means of microfilamentous structures. Similar microfilamentous structures and opaque bands connected to IEs, the coating, and the microhyphae, or protruding from fungal cells reached into host walls, associated with alterations of these walls. The possible malleable IEs might be a counterpart of the coating, and although they do not occur in the initial stages of the disease, they could play an important role in the final stages of tissue degradation.
Livelihood and food security in rural Bangladesh- the role of social capital

This thesis describes the role of social capital of households and individuals in achieving livelihood and food security. In the research the temporal dimension and gender were cross-cutting perspectives. IFPRI panel data collected during 1996-1997 (pre-flood) and 1999-2000 (post-flood) were analyzed. To complement the IFPRI data an additional survey and the qualitative data was collected during 2001-2003. Panel data analysis shows that gender of the household head does not make a difference in achieving food security at the household level. However, gender of the household member is crucial for attaining individual level food security. Social capital plays an important role in averting vulnerability and sustaining livelihood, and is influenced by the landholding status of the house hold, which seems to function as collateral. The qualitative data revealed that women's social capital, when defined in a broader way, does play a crucial role in achieving household food security and averting vulnerability.
Principles and Procedures of Plant Breeding: Biotechnological and Conventional Approaches

Preface / Introduction / Reproduction in Crop Plants / Plant Genetic Resources-Origin, Conservation and Utilization / Genetic Basis and Application of Selection in Self-pollinated Crops / Mendelian Consequences of Planned Hybridization in Self-pollinated Crops / Quantitative Inheritance / The Analysis of Genotype-Environment Interactions / Application of Biometrical Genetics in Plant Breeding / Pedigree Method / Bulk Population Breeding Method / The Single Seed Descent Method / Backcross Method / Fertility Regulating Mechanisms / Genetic Basis of Hetrosis / Breeding for Hetrosis / Genetic Structure of Cross-pollinated Crops / Population Improvement in Cross Pollinated Crops / Population Improvement Methods / Synthetic and Composite Varieties / Breeding for Asexually Propagated Crops / Breeding for Resistance to Diseases and Insect Pests / Mutation Breeding / Polyploidy in Plant Breeding / Tissue Culture in Crop Improvement / Molecular Approaches to Crop Improvement / Genetic Transformation and Production of Transgenic Plants / Biometry in Relation to Molecular Biology in Plant Breeding/ Field Plot Techniques in Plant Breeding / Plant Breeder's Rights, Release and Multiplication of Varieties/ Glossary / Index
Studies on the Seasonal Variation of Population Structure in Drosophila, II. : The Effect of Altitude on Seasonal Activity of Drosophila, with a Note on the Monthly Numerical Variation of Species (With 8 Text-figures and 2 Tables)

Title Studies on the Seasonal Variation of Population Structure in Drosophila, II. : The Effect of Altitude on Seasonal Activity of Drosophila, with a Note on the Monthly Numerical Variation of Species (With 8 Text-figures and 2 Tables) Author(s) WAKAHAMA, Ken-Ichi Citation 北海道大學理學部紀要, 15(1), 65-73 Issue Date 1962-12 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/27352 Type bulletin (article) File Information 15(1)_P65-73.pdf
Genetic improvement of resistance to internal parasites in sheep.

Recent papers have emphasized the probable cost of parasites to the sheep industry and the need for alternative methods of control (Piper 1987; Windon et al. 1987; Piper and Barger 1988). Atlhough the exact cost may be open to debate, the important message is that parasites have an appreciable impact on profitability and that the major effect is through decreased productivity. This problem is likely to be exacerbated as parasites become resistant to the newer anthelmintics. The existence of genetic variation in parasite resistance, although not a recent discovery (Barger 1989), is significant because its advantages are two-fold. Firstly, it raises the possibility of incorporating the trait directly into a breeding programme. Secondly, it provides the immunologist with a powerful tool for gaining a . better understanding of the mechanisms of resistance. This knowledge can then be used in the development of vaccines for parasite control.
Developing deep learning computational tools for cancer using omics data

There has been an increasing investment in cancer research that generated an enormous amount of biological and clinical data, especially after the advent of the next-generation sequencing technologies. To analyze the large datasets provided by omics data of cancer samples, scientists have successfully been recurring to machine learning algorithms, identifying patterns and developing models by using statistical techniques to make accurate predictions. Deep learning is a branch of machine learning, best known by its applications in artificial intelligence (computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing and robotics). In general, deep learning models differ from machine learning “shallow” methods (single hidden layer) because they recur to multiple layers of abstraction. In this way, it is possible to learn high level features and complex relations in the given data. Given the context specified above, the main target of this work is the development and evaluation of deep learning methods for the analysis of cancer omics datasets, covering both unsupervised methods for feature generation from different types of data, and supervised methods to address cancer diagnostics and prognostic predictions. We worked with a Neuroblastoma (NB) dataset from two different platforms (RNA-Seq and microarrays) and developed both supervised (Deep Neural Networks (DNN), Multi-Task Deep Neural Network (MT-DNN)) and unsupervised (Stacked Denoising Autoencoders (SDA)) deep architectures, and compared them with shallow traditional algorithms. Overall we achieved promising results with deep learning on both platforms, meaning that it is possible to retrieve the advantages of deep learning models on cancer omics data. At the same time we faced some difficulties related to the complexity and computational power requirements, as well as the lack of samples to truly benefit from the deep architectures. There was generated code that can be applied to other datasets, wich is available in a github repository https://github.com/lmpeixoto/deepl_learning [49].
The spatial pattern and microsites requirements of Abies alba natural regeneration in the Karkonosze Mountains

Progeny of four adult silver firs, which were an admixture in Norway spruce (Picea abies) stand was, analyzed. The study was done in lower mountain zone of the Karkonosze (Giant Mts.) National Park (SW Po- land). The seedlings occurred in two clumps related to the position of adult trees, whereas spatial pattern of the seedlings inside each clump was random. The seedlings were spaced mainly in distances 5-25 from the nearest adult tree. The maximal distance was up to 50 m. Most seedlings were established in accordance with main wind directions. Also, in these directions seedlings were more distant from adult trees than in other di- rections. The seedlings grew in better light environment (12% of PPFD) than average (9,6% PPFD). This ef- fect was statistically significant. The height increment of the seedlings was low and was not correlated with light conditions. Similarly, there was not any correlation between the apical dominance ratio and light. The lack of this correspondence we attributed to browsing. The silver fir seedlings were significantly underrepresented in patches of Vaccinium myrtillus, on raw needles, under crown of adult trees and in concave micro-relief form. The underrepresentation in the places covered by canopy and in patches of bilberry we re- lated to the indirect effect of continuous browsing, which leads to higher seedlings mortality in more shaded places and sites of stronger competition between forest floor vegetation and silver fir seedlings.
Seasonal distribution and composition of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in Menderes Creek, Çanakkale, Turkey.

Seasonal changes of proportional distribution, biotic indices, abundance, and frequency of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in Menderes Creek were investigated at 5 stations between November 2005 and July 2006. The fauna included a total of 87 taxa belonging principally to Insecta (52 taxa, especially Chironomidae), Oligochaeta (12 taxa), Mollusca (11 taxa), Hirudinae (7 taxa), and Malacostraca (5 taxa). Mean density was estimated to be 778 individuals m –2 for the 87 taxa. Mollusca (38.5%) and Insecta (39.9%) are the dominant groups among the macroinvertebrate assemblages. Average Shannon-Wiener diversity index was calculated as 1.41, average Margalef's richness index was 1.27, and average Pielou index was 0.61. The results of one-way analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) indicated that macroinvertebrate compositions were significantly different between sampling sites (p< 0.05). ANOSIM and similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) revealed significant differences and a high degree of community dissimilarity within and between the sampling stations.
EFFECT OF SuppLEmENTATION OF pHYTOgENIC FEEd AddITIVES ON pERFORmANCE pARAmETERS ANd mEAT QuALITY OF BROILER CHICKENS

Summary: The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of clove powder (Syzygium aromaticum L ) , extracts of agrimony ( Agrimonia eupatoria L.) and lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis L.) on broiler chicken performance, carcass and meat quality. Three treatment combinations were prepared: C – control group without any feed or water additive; AC – feed supplemented with clove powder and drinking water supplemented with agrimony extract; LC – feed supplemented with clove and drinking water supplemented with lemon balm extract. AC group chickens had significantly higher body weight (P 0.05) in selected parameters were not recorded in experimental groups AC and LC compared to control. Dry matter of thigh muscles derived from AC and LC broiler chickens were significantly higher (P 0.05) when compared with control and significantly higher (P 0.05) in com-parison with control group.
Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Risk Identification

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