Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection and Prediction of Cardiac Anomalies Using Wireless Body Sensors and Bayesian Belief Networks

Intricating cardiac complexities are the primary factor associated with healthcare costs and the highest cause of death rate in the world. However, preventive measures like the early detection of cardiac anomalies can prevent severe cardiovascular arrests of varying complexities and can impose a substantial impact on healthcare cost. Encountering such scenarios usually the electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is the first diagnostic choice of a medical practitioner or clinical staff to measure the electrical and muscular fitness of an individual heart. This paper presents a system which is capable of reading the recorded ECG and predict the cardiac anomalies without the intervention of a human expert. The paper purpose an algorithm which read and perform analysis on electrocardiogram datasets. The proposed architecture uses the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) at first place to perform preprocessing of ECG data followed by undecimated Wavelet transform (UWT) to extract nine relevant features which are of high interest to a cardiologist. The probabilistic mode named Bayesian Network Classifier is trained using the extracted nine parameters on UCL arrhythmia dataset. The proposed system classifies a recorded heartbeat into four classes using Bayesian Network classifier and Tukey's box analysis. The four classes for the prediction of a heartbeat are (a) Normal Beat, (b) Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) (c) Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC) and (d) Myocardial Infarction. The results of experimental setup depict that the proposed system has achieved an average accuracy of 96.6 for PAC\% 92.8\% for MI and 87\% for PVC, with an average error rate of 3.3\% for PAC, 6\% for MI and 12.5\% for PVC on real electrocardiogram datasets including Physionet and European ST-T Database (EDB).
THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH PEDUNCLE FOR USE AS A MULCHING MATERIAL

The choice of mulching or topsoil covering material for the retardation of soil water loss through evaporation requires a good knowledge of thermal properties of the material. Peduncle of oil palm empty fruit bunch was obtained from some local oil palm processing units in Uyo, soaked in water and air-dried completely before shaping and subjecting samples to various laboratory tests. The bulk density, water absorption, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, volumetric heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, thermal effusivity, and solar radiation absorptivity of the sample were found to be (332.59 ± 0.65) kg m –3 , (269.54 ± 1.28)%, (0.078 ± 0.001) W m –1 K –1 , (1552.56 ± 1.56) J kg –1 K –1 , (0.516 ± 0.001) MJ m –3 K –1 , (1.51 ± 0.01) 10 –7 m 2 s –1 , (200.42 ± 1.33) J m -2 K -1 s -1/2 and (15.54 ± 0.05) m -1 respectively in the longitudinal direction whereas the respective values were found to be (332.54 ± 0.68) kg m –3 , (269.51 ± 1.27)%, (0.042 ± 0.001) W m –1 K –1 , (1553.38 ± 0.44) J kg –1 K –1 , (0.517 ± 0.001) MJ m –3 K –1 , (0.82 ± 0.01) 10 –7 m 2 s –1 , (147.98 ± 1.57) J m –2 K –1 s –1/2 and (21.06 ± 0.18) m –1 in the transverse direction. The results of the tests favour the peduncle as a potential mulching material for retardation of soil water loss through evaporation and a slow response to changes in its thermal environment.
On the Development of a Unified Theory for Vortex Flow Phenomena for Aeronautical Applications

Abstract : The low-speed performance of a high span loading aircraft depends critically on the structure and stability of the vortex flow field created by the wing. Conventional formulation of lifting surface theory is not adequate to handle the low-aspect-ratio wing problem since the leading edge vortices add several complications. Specifically, the nonplanar nature of the vortex sheet may have to be considered explicitly, the leading-edge loading is altered, and vortex breakdown is a rotational phenomenon. Due to those additional difficulties, a study was made of the state of the art in vortex-wing interactions.
Factors Influencing Executive Compensation in the Automobile Industry in the US

In modern management, executive compensation can exert a substantial impact on the operation and profitability of an organization. This research explores the factors influencing executive compensation in the automobile industry in the United States. It aims to identify the relationship between a set of specific factors, including revenue, earnings per share and return on net assets (RONA) and compensation of executives. The data were selected based on the fiscal year 2021. With the findings and results, it is revealed that executive compensation is significantly related with revenue and earnings per share of a company without a significant relationship with return on net assets. Based on the results, several recommendations are proposed to better engage executives and improve corporate performance.
Large Eddy Simulation and Thermodynamic Design of the Organic Rankine Cycle Based on Butane Working Fluid and the High-Boiling-Point Phenyl Naphthalene Liquid Heating System

Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Thermodynamic study have been performed on Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) components (boiler, evaporator, turbine, pump, and condenser). The petroleum Coke burner provided the heat flux needed for the butane evaporator. High boiling point fluid (called phenyl-naphthalene) has been applied in the ORC. The high boiling liquid is safer (steam explosion hazard may be prevented) for heating the butane stream. It has best exergy efficiency. It is non-corrosive, highly stable, and flammable. Fire Dynamics Simulator software (FDS) has been applied in order to simulate the pet-coke combustion and calculate the Heat Release Rate (HRR). The maximal temperature of the 2-Phenylnaphthalene flowing in the boiler is much less than its boiling temperature (600 K). Enthalpy, entropy and specific volume required for evaluating the heat rates and the power have been computed by employing the THERMOPTIM thermodynamic code. The proposed design ORC is safer. This is because the flammable butane is separated from the flame produced in the petroleum coke burner. The proposed ORC obeys the two fundamental laws of thermodynamics. The calculated net power is 3260 kW. It is in good agreement with net power is reported in the literature. The thermal efficiency of the ORC is 18.0%.
Effect of Echogenic Catheter Usage During Embryo Transfer on Implantation in the in vitro Fertilization Program

Background: In vitro fertilization is the final option for treating infertile couples. The main determinants of the success of an in vitro fertilization (IFV) program are embryo quality, endometrial receptivity, and embryo transfer technic. When performing an embryo transfer, try to use a soft catheter and easily visible in the uterus with ultrasonography (USG) monitoring. One solution to this is soft echogenic catheter, as the echogenicity is shown and seen with USG will be able to reduce trauma and excessive uterine manipulation, and increase embryo implantation in the uterine wall. Objective: To determine the effectivity of echogenic catheter during embryo transfer in increasing implantation success. Materials and Methods: This study was a clinical trial conducted at the IVF unit at Bali Royal Hospital Denpasar from August 2018 to December 2019. All participants who took part in the IFV program, who met the requirements, were split into two groups. The case group was echogenic catheter group and the non-echogenic/standard catheter group, which served as the control group. The outcomes of both groups were then identified and compared. The results of this study were statistically tested using SPSS 13 method. Results: For this study, 38 samples were collected and split into two groups. Each case and control groups had 19 samples. There was no significant difference between two groups of all the confounding variables, except for the antral follicle with a mean of 5.58 ± 2.219 in the echogenic catheter group compared to 7.58 ± 2.893 in the non-echogenic catheter group. While the implantation outcome was 3 times greater in the echogenic catheter group, with 6 (31.6%) samples compared to 2 (10.5%) samples in the non-echogenic catheter group, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the outcome of echogenic catheter group and non-echogenic catheter group.
The genesis of Xindian gold deposit, Liaodong Peninsula, NE China: Constraints from zircon U–Pb ages, S–Pb isotopes, and pyrite trace element chemistry

The Xindian deposit is a medium tonnage (>5 tonnes of Au) quartz vein‐type gold deposit located on the south‐central part of the Liaodong Peninsula, China. A total of 37 auriferous quartz veins are hosted within the Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks of the Gaixian Formation and Late Triassic porphyritic biotite granite. Mineral paragenesis indicates that gold mineralization took place in three stages: early milky quartz‐pyrite stage, main gray quartz‐polymetallic sulfide and gold stage, and late quartz‐calcite‐pyrite stage. Silicification and pyritization are spatially and temporally associated with the main mineralization stage. Zircon U–Pb dating from dikes that predate and postdate the mineralization constrain the timing of mineralization to the Early Cretaceous, between 127.2 and 120.9 Ma. High‐precision in‐situ S isotope analyses yielded δ34S values for pyrite, sphalerite and galena of 10.1–11.0‰, 10.3–10.5‰, and 8.6–8.8‰, respectively, indicating that S was derived from the multiple sources. In‐situ Pb isotope analyses resulted in 208Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 206Pb/204Pb ratios of 38.207–38.634, 15.598–15.668, and 18.027–18.143, respectively, for pyrite and galena, suggesting Pb derivation from a mixture of Gaixian Formation metamorphic rocks and other potential sources. In‐situ LA‐ICP‐MS trace element mapping and spot analyses show that the inner core of the pyrite (Py‐ic) formed early and is generally enriched in Au, As, Co, Ni, Bi, and Te, the outer core of the pyrite (Py‐oc) contains less Co, Ni, As, and Au, but more Cu, Pb, and Zn, whereas the rim of the pyrite (Py‐r) is enriched in Ag, Sn, Sb, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Trace element signatures of pyrite reveal that the mineralizing fluid was initially of magmatic‐hydrothermal origin, and subsequently modified by intensive interaction with the wall rock (Gaixian Formation). Our results consistently demonstrate that the Xindian gold deposit is resulted from fluid–rock interaction between the Early Cretaceous magmatic‐hydrothermal fluids and Gaixian Formation metamorphic wall rocks that enriched the metal budget of the mineralizing fluid. Then the addition of meteoric water significantly changed the physical and chemical conditions of the mineralizing fluid, triggering gold precipitation in the Xindian deposit. The results of our study expand the Early Cretaceous gold metallogenic models in the Liaodong Peninsula, highlighting the importance of the Gaixian Formation for regional gold mineralization.
The Impact of Relocating a Trauma Center: Observations on Patient Injury Demographics and Resident Volumes

Introduction Changing the physical zip code location of an academic trauma center may affect the distribution and surgical volume of its trauma patients. General surgical residency case log requirements may also be affected. This study describes the impact of moving a level I trauma center to a different zip code location, on the hospital and resident trauma case volumes. Methods This retrospective analysis included all patients within the local trauma registry across two fiscal years representing the pre- and post-move timeframes. Variables collected included patient basic sociodemographic and injury information, trauma activation level and transfer status, management (operative management [OPM] versus non-operative management [NOPM]), and resident case logs. Results During fiscal years 2016-2017 and 2017-2018, 3,025 patients were included. Pre-move and post-move trauma volumes were 1,208 and 1,817 respectively. Post-move changes demonstrated differences in basic sociodemographics, with differences in age (six years older), a shift toward white and away from black (12.89%), and males being seen more frequently (11.87%). Injury severity score distribution shifted (7.72%) towards less severe trauma scores (<15), the percentage of patients with blunt trauma (4.19%) and falls increased (ground level and greater than 1 meter, 9.78%) while the number of patients considered full activations were decreased (15.67%). Proportions of OPM and NOPM trauma cases remained unchanged with the exception of a reduction in emergent operative trauma (3.1%). Resident case logs requirements were met both pre- and post-move. Conclusion Relocating the trauma center to a different zip code location did not negatively impact our resident case volumes. Total trauma volumes were increased, with a shift in the demographics and severity distribution of injuries.
High-resolution spectroscopy of low-mass stars

High-resolution spectroscopy is employed to investigate a large sample of open cluster low-mass stars. The stellar rotation and magnetic activity of these stars are measured and their correlation is studied. I find in this sample that the same relation between these parameters holds on either side around the mass where stellar structure changes from partially to fully convective. These results promote a rotation driven magnetic dynamo mechanism in this whole mass regime for stars of intermediate ages (∼ 625Myr), and advocate against a correlation between rapid rotation prevalence and the transition to full convection. In this work, also a new wavelength calibration device is developed for the technique of highresolution spectroscopy. This device enables unprecedented long pathlengths in transmission spectroscopy of absorption gases for wavelength referencing. The concept and design are presented and a detailed implementation of this design for a high-resolution near-infrared spectrograph (VLT/CRIRES) is modelled and characterized. The novel approach allows for higher precision wavelength calibration than existing techniques of similar kind.
Sexually mediated phenotypic variation within and between sexes as a continuum structured by ecology: The mosaic nature of skeletal variation across body regions in Threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.)

Abstract Ecological character displacement between the sexes, and sexual selection, integrate into a convergent set of factors that produce sexual variation. Ecologically modulated, sexually mediated variation within and between sexes may be a major contributor to the amount of total variation that selection can act on in species. Threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) display rapid adaptive responses and sexual variation in many phenotypic traits. We examined phenotypic variation in the skull, pectoral and pelvic girdles of threespine stickleback from two freshwater and two coastal marine sites on the Sunshine Coast of British Columbia, Canada, using an approach that avoids a priori assumptions about bimodal patterns of variation. We quantified shape and size of the cranial, pectoral and pelvic regions of sticklebacks in marine and freshwater habitats using 3D geometric morphometrics and an index of sexually mediated variation. We show that the expression of phenotypic variation is structured in part by the effects of both habitat marine vs freshwater and the effects of individual sites within each habitat. Relative size exerts variable influence, and patterns of phenotypic variation associated with sex vary among body regions. This fine‐grained quantification of sexually mediated variation in the context of habitat difference and different anatomical structures indicates a complex relationship between genetically inferred sex and environmental factors, demonstrating that the interplay between shared genetic background and sexually mediated, ecologically based selective pressures structures the phenotypic expression of complex traits.
Black hole evolution – III. Statistical properties of mass growth and spin evolution using large-scale hydrodynamical cosmological simulations

Supermassive black holes (BH) at the centres of galaxies can rapidly change their mass and spin by gas accretion and mergers. Using hydrodynamical cosmological simulations, with prescriptions for BH growth and feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei, we study how the evolution of BH mass growth is driven by gas accretion and mergers. Using a semi-analytical approach to evolve spins, we also highlight the mechanisms responsible for driving the magnitude and the direction of spins as a function of cosmic time. We find that in the high-redshift universe galaxies maintain large values of gas accretion onto BHs, which therefore is the main driver of their mass and spin evolution. Sustained accretion of cold gas at high-redshift tends to align BH spins with the angular momentum of the surrounding gas and maximise their magnitude. Conversely, at low redshift, as BHs get more massive and galaxies more gas-poor, the contribution from binary coalescences to the total BH mass growth increases, especially at the high-mass end, and tends to decrease the magnitude of spins and change their direction.
Application of Machine Learning to Improve Appropriateness of Treatment in an Orthopaedic Setting of Personalized Medicine

The rise of personalized medicine and its remarkable advancements have revealed new requirements for the availability of appropriate medical decision-making models. Computer science is an area that plays an essential role in the field of personalized medicine, where one of the goals is to provide algorithms and tools to extrapolate knowledge and improve the decision-support process. The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) is the smallest change in PROM scores that patients perceive as meaningful. Treatment that does not achieve the minimum level of improvement is considered inappropriate as well as a potential waste of resources. Using the MCID threshold to identify patients who fail to achieve the minimum change in PROM that results in a meaningful outcome may aid in pre-surgical shared decision-making. The decision tree algorithm is a method for extracting valuable information and providing further meaningful information to the domain expert that supports the decision-making. In the present study, different tools based on machine learning were developed. On the one hand, we compared three XGBoost models to predict the non-achievement of the MCID at six months post-operation in the SF-12 physical score. The prediction score threshold was set to 0.75 to provide three decision-making areas on the basis of the high confidence (HC) intervals; the minority class was re-balanced by weighting the positive class to penalize the loss function (XGBoost cost-sensitive), oversampling the minority class (XGBoost with SMOTE), and re-sampling the negative class (XGBoost with undersampling). On the other hand, we modeled the data through a decision tree (assessment tree), based on different complexity levels, to identify the hidden pattern and to provide a new way to understand possible relationships between the gathered features and the several outcomes. The results showed that all the proposed models were effective as binary classifiers, as they showed moderate predictive performance both regarding the minority or positive class (i.e., our targeted patients, those who will not benefit from surgery) and the negative class. The decision tree visualization can be exploited during the patient assessment status to better understand if those patients will benefit or not from the medical intervention. Both of these tools can come in handy for increasing knowledge about the patient’s psychophysical state and for creating an increasingly specialized assessment of the individual patient.
The Role of Perceived Value and Green Consumption Attitude on Purchase Intention of Eco-Bag: A Study on Young Consumers

In recent decades, consumers have been eventually shifting towards responsive green consumption behaviour. This study will examine the role of the perceived value (social value, environmental value and economic value) on green consumption attitude and which, in turn, affects young consumers' purchase intention towards eco-bag. A conceptual model was adopted by developing hypotheses and analysed through structural equation modelling. The survey was performed where data were obtained from 373 young consumers from Chattogram, the commercial capital of Bangladesh. The empirical results suggest that economic value, social value and environmental value have a significant and positive influence on the green consumption attitude. Furthermore, green consumption attitude is also found to be a critical factor influencing the intention of young consumers for purchasing eco-bag. This research will help marketers, policymakers, and concerned stakeholders to create awareness among customers regarding eco-bag usage benefits and drive the industry towards sustainability and enhance green revolution to the competitive market structure.
Planting Cyperus esculentus augments soil microbial biomass and diversity, but not enzymatic activities

The planting of Cyperus esculentus, a member of the grass family Cyperaceae which includes nut sedge weeds, is being increasingly promoted in northern China’s semi-arid and arid regions. Yet the effects of planting C. esculentus upon soil quality and soil microbial characteristics of sandy land remain unclear. This study examined the short-term (1 year) impact of this grass species on soil microbial biomass indices, enzymatic activities, and microbiome characteristics in the Horqin Sandy Land area of China. The results show that planting C. esculentus could increase microbial biomass in the form of carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and phosphorus (MBP), but it negligibly influenced the enzymatic activities of soil β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and β-1,4-N-acetaminoglycosidase (NAG). Over 1 year, we found that planting C. esculentus significantly increased the soil bacterial richness and diversity of sandy land, yet also altered community composition of soil bacteria and eukaryotes in way that could promote their homogenization. In this respect, the relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria significantly decreased and increased, respectively; hence, they may be considered for use as important indicators of soil nutrient-rich conditions. Overall, the results could be explained by greater soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN), mainly derived from cumulative plant litter input to soils, which then increased the sandy soil’s C:N ratio. Future research should focus on exploring the long-term effects of planting C. esculentus on soil quality and soil microbial characteristics of sandy lands in China and abroad.
On the X=M=K Conjecture

In the large rank limit, for any nonexceptional affine algebra, the graded branching multiplicities known as one-dimensional sums, are conjectured to have a simple relationship with those of type A, which are known as generalized Kostka polynomials. This is called the X=M=K conjecture. It is proved for tensor products of the symmetric power Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules for all nonexceptional affine algebras except those whose Dynkin diagrams are isomorphic to that of untwisted affine type D near the zero node. Combined with results of Lecouvey, this realizes the above one-dimensional sums of affine type C, as affine Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials (and conjecturally for type D).