Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BUSINESS PROCESS LIFE CYCLE AFFECTS COMPANY FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM BUSINESS ENTERPRISES DURING THE COVID-19 PERIOD

The business process life cycle is a collection of structured work activities that are interconnected to solve a problem that results in an output (product / output) or service that achieves goals and supports the achievement of strategic goals and objectives of an organization's financial performance Business processes aim to achieve financial performance that is effective, efficient and increases the productivity of an organization The life cycle of micro, small and medium enterprises aims to survive post-Covid-19 in order to increase the productivity performance of the organization's financial performance To achieve this goal, an organization needs a good business process to support the organization's financial performance and business ventures in designing activities to produce new products in order to develop management techniques so that they can survive the midst of the global Covid-19 crisis The product life cycle that can identify opportunities for environmental improvement is an important part of an organization that aims to minimize total costs, low prices and production results, improve the financial performance of micro, small, and medium business processes Techniques in producing using financial and non-financial information, to improve the company's financial performance, and to contribute to the sustainability of business processes aim to provide physical information on material and energy use, as well as monetary information on costs, revenues and savings related to the company's financial performance This research was carried out on micro, small and medium enterprises in Indonesia This research method is descriptive and verification methods, the analysis tool is structural equation modeling (SEM, Lisrel) The results showed that the business process life cycle had an effect on the financial performance of the Covid-19 small, and medium enterprises business companies Keywork: Business Process Life Cycle, Corporate Financial Performance Micro, Small, And Medium Enterprises, Covid-19 Period JEL Classifications: E3, G2 DOI: https://doi org/10 32479/ijefi 10516
Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) Under Teak Based Agroforestry System

The present investigation was carried during the summer season of 2019 at Forest Nursery and Research Centre, College of Forestry, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The experiments were laid out in the Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications and twelve treatments. The maximum vine length (3.98, 5.73, 7.33 cm) at 30, 60, 90 DAS, number of branches (5.33), length of the lateral branches (4.23 m), days to appearance to first flower (62.77), number of flower per plant (73.33), fruit length (35.00 cm), fruit weight (1.53 Kg), fruit diameter (19.13 cm), core diameter (18.25 cm), No. of fruits per plant (19.33) and total yield per plant (28.67 Kg.) were recorded in T5(50% NPK + 50% Cow Dung Manurea. The results showed that the application of this combination to Bottle Gourd had increased the growth and yield under Teak based agroforestry system. Therefore it may be recommended for the Grower of Bottle Gourd under the Agroforestry system.
Boys are more likely to be undernourished than girls: a systematic review and meta-analysis of sex differences in undernutrition

Background Excess male morbidity and mortality is well recognised in neonatal medicine and infant health. In contrast, within global nutrition, it is commonly assumed that girls are more at risk of experiencing undernutrition. We aimed to explore evidence for any male/female differences in child undernutrition using anthropometric case definitions and the reasons for differences observed. Methods We searched: Medline, Embase, Global health, Popline and Cochrane databases with no time limits applied. Eligible studies focused on children aged 0–59 months affected by undernutrition where sex was reported. In the meta-analysis, undernutrition-specific estimates were examined separately for wasting, stunting and underweight using a random-effects model. Results 74 studies were identified: 44/74 studies were included in the meta-analysis. In 20 which examined wasting, boys had higher odds of being wasted than girls (pooled OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.40). 38 examined stunting: boys had higher odds of stunting than girls (pooled OR 1.29 95% CI 1.22 to 1.37). 23 explored underweight: boys had higher odds of being underweight than girls (pooled OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.26). There was some limited evidence that the female advantage, indicated by a lower risk of stunting and underweight, was weaker in South Asia than other parts of the world. 43/74 (58%) studies discussed possible reasons for boy/girl differences; 10/74 (14%) cited studies with similar findings with no further discussion; 21/74 (28%) had no sex difference discussion. 6/43 studies (14%) postulated biological causes, 21/43 (49%) social causes and 16/43 (37%) to a combination. Conclusion Our review indicates that undernutrition in children under 5 is more likely to affect boys than girls, though the magnitude of these differences varies and is more pronounced in some contexts than others. Future research should further explore reasons for these differences and implications for nutrition policy and practice.
The Effects of Indias COVID-19 Lockdown on Critical Non-COVID Health Care and Outcomes

Indias COVID-19 lockdown is widely believed to have disrupted critical health services, but its effect on non-COVID health outcomes is largely unknown. Comparing mortality trends among dialysis patients in the eight months around the lockdown with the previous year, we document a 64% increase in mortality between March and May 2020 and an estimated 22-25% total excess mortality through July 2020. The mortality increase is greater among females and disadvantaged groups. Barriers to transportation and disruptions in hospital services appear to be the main drivers of increased morbidity and mortality. The results highlight the unintended consequences of the lockdown on critical and life-saving non-COVID health services that must be taken into account in the implementation of future policy efforts to control the spread of pandemics.
Surface Modification of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride -Treated Lignocellulosic Materials

Lignocellulosic materials are generally considered hydrophilic due to the high density of hydroxyl groups. The use of lignocellulosic materials in hydrophobic systems thus require surface modification. Therefore, in this study, cellulose (MCC) and sawdust (SD) have been pretreated with ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) prior to surface modification with cationic surfactant, hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The effect of BMIMCl pretreatment prior to surface modification has been investigated. Crystallinity, functional group changes, morphology and thermal stability of the sawdust and cellulose upon BMIMCl pretreatment and surface modification have been studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). XRD results showed that the structure of lignocellulosic materials became more amorphous upon pretreatment with BMIMCl. FTIR results indicated that the modification of lignocellulosic is more efficient in BMIMCl-pretreated samples. Percentage of decomposition is higher for the BMIMCl-pretreated and CTAB modified samples.
Sentiments as Status Processes? A Theoretical Reformulation from the Expectation States Tradition

Do the ties that bind also create social inequality? Using an expectation states theoretical framework, we elaborate status characteristics and behavior-status theories to explore how sentiments, network connections based on liking and disliking, may affect processes entailing status, the prestige based on one’s differentially valued social distinctions. Within task groups, we theorize that positive and negative sentiments may themselves be status elements capable of evoking performance expectations within dyadic configurations typically modeled by expectation states theorists. Having a reputation for being liked or disliked “imported” into the group may enact status generalization. Alternatively, a status element based on sentiments may emerge during task group interaction as group members ascertain if alters are liked or disliked. Finally, we conclude by discussing how our theorizing motivates future theories and empirical studies.
Spatial and temoporal survey of feral pig ectoparasites in three Texas wildlife districts

Spatial and Temporal Survey of Feral Pig Ectoparasites in Three Texas Wildlife Districts. (December 2011) Anthony Lawrence Schuster, B.S., Mississippi State University; M.Agr. , Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Pete D. Teel Feral pigs, European wild boars and their crosses are ubiquitous and found in all ecological zones from Florida to California. These introduced animals are recorded in 39 US states and four Canadian provinces. Texas currently has an estimated population of 1-4 million pigs with the potential to exceed 4 million based on suitable habitat estimates. Feral pigs can modify local flora and fauna and cause significant physical damage with their rooting activities. They can also reintroduce parasites and pathogens to previously parasite and pathogen free herds of domestic cattle, horses, sheep, and goats. The two overarching objectives of this research were to determine what role feral pigs have in the maintenance and possible distribution of fleas, lice, and ticks common to the three wildlife districts, and if they serve as bridging hosts for the same (or other) arthropods and their natural hosts. The supporting objectives were to establish host records of fleas, lice, and ticks parasitizing feral pigs; determine species assemblies within each of the three wildlife districts; and to compare species assemblies among the wildlife districts.
Ramonellus longispinus, an Early Cretaceous Salamander from Israel

Ramonellus longispinus n. gen., n. sp. , occurs in the early Cretaceous of Makhtesh Ramon, Israel, associated with fossil frogs and plants in lake deposits. Sixteen incomplete, articulated specimens are known, and include vertebral columns, skulls and anterior limbs. Vertebrae have distinctive high, rounded neural spines, mandibles have a relatively long post-dentary segment and a retroarticular process unique among salamanders in its length. Ramonellus displays a mosaic of primitive and specialized characters, is aquatic and probably paedomorphic. It is probably a member of the Prosirenidae, a recently described family of salamanders known from the Late Mesozoic of Europe and North America.
Does Online Fundraising Increase Charitable Giving? A Nationwide Field Experiment on Facebook

Does online fundraising increase charitable giving? We implemented a natural field experiment across Germany, randomly assigning all of the country's 8,000 zip codes to Save the Children Facebook fundraising videos or a pure control and studied changes in the volume of donations to this and other similar charities by zip code. Our design circumvents many shortcomings inherent in studies based on click-through data, especially substitution and measurement issues. We found that (i) the video fundraising increased donation frequency and value to Save the Children during the campaign and in the subsequent five weeks; (ii) the campaign was profitable for the fundraiser; and (iii) the effects were similar independent of the video content and impression assignment strategy. However, we also found that the overall volume of donations does not increase, due to a massive crowding out of donations to other similar charities. Finally, we demonstrate that click data are an inappropriate proxy for donations.
Study of variability parameters of rice under high temperature tolerance conditions

Forty six rice varieties were evaluated at IGKV, Raipur under heat stress condition. Analysis of variance revealed presence of high variability among the genotypes forall the traits. The analysis of variance showed that the mean sum of squares due to replication were significant for plant height, panicle length, leaf length, filled grain panicle-1, spikelet fertility percentage, spikelet sterility percentage. The results showed that PCV (Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation) in general was higher than GCV (Genotypic Coefficient of Variation) for maximum of the characters. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was found for number of unfilled grains per panicle (56.73%, 54.53%) followed by total number of grain per panicle (35.33%, 34.25%). High heritability was found for days to 50% flowering (0.990) followed by leaf length (0.967) and yield/plant (0.941). High genetic advance was obtained for total number of grains/panicle (107.08) followed by number of filled grains/panicle (73.69). Those characters which have high PCV and GCV have high heritability and genetic advance and can be considered for direct selection.
Cardiac sarcoidosis: A long term follow up study

Background Prognostic factors are lacking in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), and the effects of immunosuppressive treatments are unclear. Objectives To identify prognostic factors and to assess the effects of immunosuppressive drugs on relapse risk in patients presenting with CS. Methods From a cohort of 157 patients with CS with a median follow-up of 7 years, we analysed all cardiac and extra-cardiac data and treatments, and assessed relapse-free and overall survival. Results The 10-year survival rate was 90% (95% CI, 84–96). Baseline factors associated with mortality were the presence of high degree atrioventricular block (HR, 5.56, 95% CI 1.7–18.2, p = 0.005), left ventricular ejection fraction below 40% (HR, 4.88, 95% CI 1.26–18.9, p = 0.022), hypertension (HR, 4.79, 95% CI 1.06–21.7, p = 0.042), abnormal pulmonary function test (HR, 3.27, 95% CI 1.07–10.0, p = 0.038), areas of late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance (HR, 2.26, 95% CI 0.25–20.4, p = 0.003), and older age (HR per 10 years 1.69, 95% CI 1.13–2.52, p = 0.01). The 10-year relapse-free survival rate for cardiac relapses was 53% (95% CI, 44–63). Baseline factors that were independently associated with cardiac relapse were kidney involvement (HR, 3.35, 95% CI 1.39–8.07, p = 0.007), wall motion abnormalities (HR, 2.30, 95% CI 1.22–4.32, p = 0.010), and left heart failure (HR 2.23, 95% CI 1.12–4.45, p = 0.023). After adjustment for cardiac involvement severity, treatment with intravenous cyclophosphamide was associated with a lower risk of cardiac relapse (HR 0.16, 95% CI 0.033–0.78, p = 0.024). Conclusions Our study identifies putative factors affecting morbidity and mortality in cardiac sarcoidosis patients. Intravenous cyclophosphamide is associated with lower relapse rates.
Psychotic, mood and anxiety disorders and venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE Several studies have shown that psychiatric disorders can be associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk, i.e. pulmonary embolism (PE) and/or deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In this study, we provide a systematic review and meta-analyses of the studies addressing this issue. METHODS All studies addressing the risk of VTE phenomena (whole VTE, PE, DVT, fatal VTE) in individuals with psychotic, mood and anxiety disorders published between 1998 and 2019 were reviewed and included in the meta-analyses. Main characteristics of the studies and data concerning VTE risk were extracted. The methodological qualities of the studies were also analysed.A random-effects meta-analysis model was used. A meta-analysis was conducted separately for each disorder, as well as separately for unadjusted and adjusted studies. Meta-analyses were repeated considering only good-quality studies. Heterogeneity was assessed. RESULTS Sixteen studies were reviewed and 15 included in the meta-analyses. Psychotic and bipolar disorders were significantly associated with VTE risk (VTE, DVT, PE, fatal VTE for psychotic disorder, ORs between 1.29 and 2.20; VTE, DVT and PE for bipolar disorder, ORs between 1.22 and 2.14). Depression and anxiety disorders were associated with VTE risk only in adjusted analyses (DVT and PE for depression, ORs = 1.29; VTE and PE for anxiety disorders, ORs between 1.14 and 1.49). CONCLUSIONS The risk of VTE among individuals with psychiatric disorders may be explained by hypercoagulability and stasis, with both being related to, and independent of, treatment side-effects. VTE risk should be taken into consideration in the treatment of people with psychiatric disorders.
The Development of the Informant Five-Factor Borderline Inventory

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is one of the most studied personality disorders and is associated with significant outcomes such as suicide. Although BPD is represented in DSM-5 as a categorical diagnosis, it may be better characterized dimensionally, such as from the perspective of the five-factor model of general personality (FFM). The Five-Factor Borderline Inventory (FFBI) assesses BPD from the perspective of maladaptive variants of FFM traits. Previous research suggests that informant-reports may increase the validity of personality disorder assessment, providing additional information that may supplement self-report. Therefore, the current study developed an informant measure of the FFBI, Informant Five-Factor Borderline Inventory (IFFBI) and examined its convergent and discriminant validity compared with the self-report FFBI, FFM, and traditional measure of BPD. Overall, the IFFBI demonstrated good convergent validity and moderate discriminant validity with the FFBI, FFM, and other traditional measures of BPD.
Association between procalcitonin levels and duration of mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients

Background Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 frequently require mechanical ventilation. Knowledge of laboratory tests associated with the prolonged need for mechanical ventilation may guide resource allocation. We hypothesized that an elevated plasma procalcitonin level (>0.1 ng/ml) would be associated with the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods Patients diagnosed with COVID-19, who were admitted to any of our health system’s hospitals between March 9th-April 20th, 2020 and required invasive mechanical ventilation, were eligible for this observational cohort study. Demographics, comorbidities, components of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and procalcitonin levels on admission were obtained from the electronic health record. The primary outcome was the duration of mechanical ventilation; secondary outcomes included 28-day mortality and time to intubation. Outcomes were assessed within the first 28 days of admission. Baseline demographics and comorbidities were summarized by descriptive statistics. Univariate comparisons were made using Pearson’s chi-square test for binary outcomes and Mann-Whitney U test for continuous outcomes. A multiple linear regression was fitted to assess the association between procalcitonin levels and the duration of mechanical ventilation. Results Patients with an initial procalcitonin level >0.1 ng/ml required a significantly longer duration of mechanical ventilation than patients with a level of ≤0.1 ng/ml (p = 0.021) in the univariate analysis. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality or time to intubation between the two groups. After adjusted analysis using multivariable linear regression, the duration of mechanical ventilation was, on average, 5.6 (p = 0.016) days longer in patients with an initial procalcitonin level >0.1 ng/ml. Conclusion In this cohort of 93 mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients, we found an association between an initial plasma procalcitonin level >0.1 ng/ml and the duration of mechanical ventilation. These findings may help to identify patients at risk for prolonged mechanical ventilation upon admission.
Extracellular Vesicles as Nanotherapeutics for Parkinson’s Disease

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring membranous structures secreted by normal and diseased cells, and carrying a wide range of bioactive molecules. In the central nervous system (CNS), EVs are important in both homeostasis and pathology. Through receptor–ligand interactions, direct fusion, or endocytosis, EVs interact with their target cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that EVs play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), including Parkinson′s disease (PD). PD is the second most common ND, characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons within the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc). In PD, EVs are secreted by both neurons and glial cells, with either beneficial or detrimental effects, via a complex program of cell-to-cell communication. The functions of EVs in PD range from their etiopathogenetic relevance to their use as diagnostic tools and innovative carriers of therapeutics. Because they can cross the blood–brain barrier, EVs can be engineered to deliver bioactive molecules (e.g., small interfering RNAs, catalase) within the CNS. This review summarizes the latest findings regarding the role played by EVs in PD etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, with a particular focus on their use as novel PD nanotherapeutics.
Effect of Activation Agents on COD Reduction Using Activated Carbon from Agricultural Residue

This study investigated the effect of activating agent on activated carbon preparation and potential chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction using activated carbons (AC) prepared. Zinc chloride, phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide were utilized in impregnation of bamboo and rice husk. Result of SEM-EDX, FTIR as well as COD reduction were compared and discussed. The SEM displayed highest porosity in AC using KOH activation. FTIR analysis displayed obvious difference for each activation. AC using KOH activation obtained highest COD reduction.
Normative Data for Impact Microindentation for Australian Men: Cross‐Sectional Data From the Geelong Osteoporosis Study

Impact microindentation (IMI) is a novel technique for assessing the bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. However, no studies have presented normative data for BMSi. The aim of this study was to develop such normative data using a population‐based sample of men, randomly selected from electoral rolls for the Barwon Statistical Division in southeastern Australia to participate in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. BMSi was measured on the tibial plateau using an OsteoProbe in 405 men (ages 33 to 96 years) during the period 2016 to 2019. Associations between BMSi, age, and anthropometry were examined using linear regression models. BMSi values ranged from 49.0 to 100.5. BMSi was negatively correlated with age (r = −0.152, p = 0.002), weight (r = −0.103, p = 0.039), and BMI (r = −0.187, p < 0.001), and positively correlated with height (r = +0.107, p = 0.032). Mean ± SD BMSi was 82.6 ± 7.0 for the whole group, and ranged from 85.6 ± 6.0 for ages 30 to 39 years to 79.8 ± 6.6 for ages 80+ years. This study provides normative data that can be used to calculate T‐ and Z‐scores for BMSi. These data will be useful for identifying men with low BMSi. Further research is warranted to derive optimal cut points for BMSi that discriminate fracture risk. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.