Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discovery and Functional Analysis of Secondary Hair Follicle miRNAs during Annual Cashmere Growth

Secondary hair follicles (SHFs) produce the thermoregulatory cashmere of goats. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play indispensable roles in hair follicle formation and growth. However, most studies examining miRNAs related to cashmere have been performed on goat skin. It remains unclear which miRNAs are highly expressed in SHFs or how miRNAs affect cashmere growth. In the present study, we isolated the SHFs under a dissecting microscope and analyzed the miRNA signatures during annual cashmere growth. Small-RNA sequencing followed by genome-wide expression analysis revealed that early anagen is a crucial phase for miRNA regulation of the cashmere growth, as revealed by two predominant groups of miRNAs. Although they exhibited opposite expression patterns, both groups demonstrated sharp changes of expression when in transit from early anagen to mid-anagen. In addition, we identified 96 miRNA signatures that were differentially expressed between different phases among 376 miRNAs. Functional analysis of the predicted target genes of highly expressed or differentially expressed miRNAs indicated that these miRNAs were involved in signal pathways associated with SHF development, regeneration, and regression. Furthermore, miR-143-3p was preferentially expressed in SHFs and Itga6 was identified as one of targets. The dual-luciferase and in situ hybridization assay demonstrated that miR-143-3p directly repressed the expression of Itga6, suggesting a possible novel role for miR-143-3p in cashmere growth.
IL-27 induces autophagy during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation through a novel LC3-independent pathway

IL-27, a member of the IL-12 cytokine family composed of IL-12, IL-23 and IL-35, has previously been shown to be an antiviral cytokine inhibiting infection of several viruses, among which HIV-1, HIV-2, HSV, HCV, HBV and Influenza virus. We have already reported that IL-27 induces HIV-1 inhibition in macrophages and dendritic cells in an IFN-independent manner, and that the cytokine enhances potential reactive oxygen species induction from cells. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that IL-27 triggers autophagy induction in human AB serum-induced macrophages, while other IL-12 cytokine family members did not have such effect on these cells; IL-27 was able to induce autophagy both in terminally differentiated macrophages, causing a 2 to 5-fold increase in autophagosome accumulation, as well as during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, where IL-27 effect was even stronger (generating a 20-fold increase in autophagosome formation). Furthermore, we also determined that two key autophagy proteins, mTOR and LC3, were not involved in this phenomenon: while we were able to assess autophagosome accumulation in IL-27-treated cells via electron microscopy and immunofluorescence, this was not linked to either mTOR dephosphorylation nor LC3 lipidation, implying that IL-27 induces autophagy through a novel non-canonical pathway. Finally, we established that blocking IL-27 signaling during macrophage differentiation using both Ruxoliotinib or Tofacitinib, respectively JAK1/2 and JAK3 inhibitors, successfully inhibited autophagy triggering together with STAT3 phosphorylation, which suggests that the JAK-STAT pathway is responsible for regulating IL-27-induced autophagy.
Interpretation of Platelets in The Horse

Currently we can consider that, in addition to its role in hemostasis, platelets also participate in other important processes such as thrombosis, inflammation, tissue remodeling and the innate defense mechanisms. The hemostatic activity of platelets includes different events to stop bleeding. Within these functions we can mention the adhesion to the endothelium of the affected blood vessel, the activation, the aggregation, and the release of substances that initiate hemostatic events, and also the providing a phospholipid surface for activation of numerous coagulation factors. Similarly, platelets release multiple growth factors responsible for regulating the growth and division of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. In this way, among other things, angiogenesis and tissue regeneration are favored. Platelets also participate in inflammatory processes by the release of factors that initiate the inflammatory cascade and favor the chemotaxis of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, acute phase proteins and target cell signaling. Finally, platelets participate in the immune response by interacting with the complement system and immunoglobulins.
Fatigue life prediction of lattice structures using a strain-life method based on an equivalent solid model

In this study, an efficient fatigue life estimation approach is proposed based on an equivalent solid model, along with two stress concentration factors, instead of a lattice model to simplify simulations for the strain-life method. One of the stress concentration factors accounts for the stress concentrations at the strut joints in lattice structures without any manufacturing effect, while the other accounts for the stress concentrations due to surface defects on the struts introduced by the additive manufacturing process. A simple solid cell, for which the dimensions are the same as those of the lattice cell, is first used to estimate the fatigue life of the bulk material used in the additive manufacturing process using the Brown–Miller strain-life method. Combinations of two stress concentration factors were then utilized to predict the fatigue life of the lattice structure from the equivalent solid model. Using this approach, computationally expensive lattice structure simulations were eliminated, and the fatigue life of the lattice structure was predicted directly from the bulk material fatigue life estimation. The proposed approach was applied to different lattice types made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using the laser-powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process. The fatigue life results estimated using the proposed approach were in good agreement with the experimental fatigue life results reported in the literature.
Thermal poling of silica in air and under vacuum: the influence of charge transport on second harmonic generation

A comparison between thermal poling of silica in air and in vacuum is reported. It is shown that the second-order susceptibility and thickness of the nonlinear layer as well as their time evolution are highly dependent on the surrounding poling atmosphere. In the vacuum case a charge distribution (under the anode) more complex and broader than that for the air case has also been revealed by laser induced pressure pulse measurements. A multiple charge carrier model can explain the formation and evolution of the depletion region under the anode. The findings are relevant to achieve improved nonlinearities in fiber and waveguide devices.
CHARACTERIZATION OF CEMENT-BASED MATERIALS USING DIFFUSE ULTRASOUND

The objective of this research is to develop a quantitative understanding of the propagation of ultrasonic waves in cement-based materials by examining specimens made of a portland cement-paste matrix and glass bead “aggregate. ” The incident ultrasonic waves are broadband and contain wavelengths on the order of the glass bead scatterers. Experimentally measured ultrasonic waves are interpreted using diffusion theory to quantitatively measure dissipation and diffusion coefficients as functions of frequency and microstructure. These results provide a basic understanding of the effect of some features of the microstructure on the propagation of ultrasonic waves, as well as supplying a first step in the characterization of distributed damage using ultrasonic methodologies.
Characteristics of liquid sheets formed by two impinging jets

An experimental investigation of liquid sheets formed by the impingement of two capillary liquid jets is conducted. The breakup mechanism of the sheet is categorized into two main regimes and five subregimes based on the experimental observations. Two types of Reynolds numbers (jet Reynolds number and sheet Reynolds number) are introduced to correlate with and map the reported breakup regimes. Breakup length and width are introduced, and their analytical models are derived. Both the analytical and experimental results show that the breakup length and width are linearly proportional to the Weber number of individual jets in the case of closed-rim sheets. The slopes of the two linear relations are dependent on the impinging angle. The distribution of fluid velocity in the sheet is examined and found to be in disagreement with the assumption of early models, which claims uniform velocity across the sheet. The nonuniform distribution of fluid velocity in the sheet causes a discrepancy between analytically pre.
New Itasuchidae (Sebecia, Ziphosuchia) remains and the radiation of an elusive Mesoeucrocodylia clade

ABSTRACT Crocodyliformes have a well-known worldwilde fossil record, revealing a high diversity of morphological traits, habits and being abundant in their paleofaunas. Such abundance in the fossil record is remarkable in the tetrapod fossil record in the continental sequences of Bauru Group (Brazil), in the Cretaceous of the South America. Here we describe and analyse three specimens from Bauru Group, assigned to a poorly understood crocodyliform clade: Itasuchidae. Their morphological similarity assigned them as Pepesuchus (from Turonian / Coniacian of Araçatuba Formation), Itasuchus cf. jesuinoi, and cf. Roxochampsa paulistanus (both last from Campanian to Early Maastrichtian of Presidente Prudente Formation). The phylogenetic and morphometric results corroborated the monophyly of the Itasuchidae with some variation in its content regard to prior and similar analyses (i.e. inclusion of Stolokrosuchus, Barreirosuchus and Antaeusuchus; exclusion of Caririsuchus), also pointing out to the South American itasuchid species as occupying a crocodyliform morphospace, which can imply distinct niche occupations. The Bauru Group undergoes a diversity peak of archosaurs in Upper Cretaceous, with a remarkable Crocodyliformes radiation, such as the Itasuchidae group, which probably have their most early-diverging lineages rising from Lower Cretaceous of Africa.
A finite element solution of the time-dependent incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using a modified velocity correction method

A finite element solution of the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations has been developed. The method is a modified velocity correction approach. First an intermediate velocity is calculated, and then this is corrected by the pressure gradient which is the solution of a Poisson equation derived from the continuity equation. The novelty, in this paper, is that a second- order Runge-kutta method for time integration has been used. Discretization in space is carried out by the Gdalerkin weighted residual method. The solution is in terms of primitive variables, which are approximated by polynomial basis functions defined on three-noded, isoparametric triangular elements. To demonstrate the method, two examples are provided. Results from the first example, the driven cavity flow problem, are compared with previous works. Results from the second example, uniform flow past a cylinder, are compared with experimental data.
Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals an Enhancer RNA Signature for Recurrence Prediction in Colorectal Cancer

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide, and this is in part due to high rates of tumor recurrence in these patients. Currently, TNM staging remains the gold standard for predicting prognosis and recurrence in CRC patients; however, this approach is inadequate for identifying high-risk patients with the highest likelihood of disease recurrence. Recent evidence has revealed that enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) represent a higher level of cellular regulation, and their expression is frequently dysregulated in several cancers, including CRC. However, the clinical significance of eRNAs as recurrence predictor biomarkers in CRC remains unexplored, which is the primary aim of this study. Results: We performed a systematic analysis of eRNA expression profiles in colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC) patients from the TCGA dataset. By using rigorous biomarker discovery approaches by splitting the entire dataset into a training and testing cohort, we identified a 22-eRNA panel in CC and a 19-eRNA panel in RC for predicting tumor recurrence. The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that biomarker panels robustly stratified low and high-risk CC (p = 7.29 × 10−5) and RC (p = 6.81 × 10−3) patients with recurrence. Multivariate and LASSO Cox regression models indicated that both biomarker panels were independent predictors of recurrence and significantly superior to TNM staging in CC (HR = 11.89, p = 9.54 × 10−4) and RC (HR = 3.91, p = 3.52 × 10−2). Notably, the ROC curves demonstrated that both panels exhibited excellent recurrence prediction accuracy in CC (AUC = 0.833; 95% CI: 0.74–0.93) and RC (AUC = 0.834; 95% CI: 0.72–0.92) patients. Subsequently, a combination signature that included the eRNA panels and TNM staging achieved an even greater predictive accuracy in patients with CC (AUC = 0.85). Conclusions: Herein, we report a novel eRNA signature for predicting recurrence in patients with CRC. Further experimental validation in independent clinical cohorts, these biomarkers can potentially improve current risk stratification approaches for guiding precision oncology treatments in patients suffering from this lethal malignancy.
Intercropping for nutrient retention, profitability, and quality bulb production of garlic (Allium sativum L.) under eastern Himalayan foothills region

Abstract A two years experiment was laid out to evaluate the effect of intercropping system for soil nutrient retention, profitability, and quality of garlic. The result revealed that the association of garlic and garden pea system recorded maximum garlic equivalent yield (5.99 t/ha). Highest protein content of the bulb (5.20%) was recorded by the garlic + garden pea system and the maximum reducing sugar (2.08%) was found in the garlic + coriander system. Garlic + garden pea intercropping system recorded significant maximum soil nitrogen (123.52 kg/ha) and phosphorus content (50.37 kg/ha) whereas significant maximum soil potassium content (158.45 kg/ha) was recorded in sole coriander plots. However, production economics suggested garlic + garden pea intercropping system was the most remunerative with the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio (Rs. 1, 52,209.23, and 2.67), respectively.
Curcumin and N-Acetylcysteine Nanocarriers Alone or Combined with Deferoxamine Target the Mitochondria and Protect against Neurotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in a Co-Culture Model of Parkinson’s Disease

As the blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents most compounds from entering the brain, nanocarrier delivery systems are frequently being explored to potentially enhance the passage of drugs due to their nanometer sizes and functional characteristics. This study aims to investigate whether Pluronic® F68 (P68) and dequalinium (DQA) nanocarriers can improve the ability of curcumin, n-acetylcysteine (NAC) and/or deferoxamine (DFO), to access the brain, specifically target mitochondria and protect against rotenone by evaluating their effects in a combined Transwell® hCMEC/D3 BBB and SH-SY5Y based cellular Parkinson’s disease (PD) model. P68 + DQA nanoformulations enhanced the mean passage across the BBB model of curcumin, NAC and DFO by 49%, 28% and 49%, respectively (p < 0.01, n = 6). Live cell mitochondrial staining analysis showed consistent co-location of the nanocarriers within the mitochondria. P68 + DQA nanocarriers also increased the ability of curcumin and NAC, alone or combined with DFO, to protect against rotenone induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress by up to 19% and 14% (p < 0.01, n = 6), as measured by the MTT and mitochondrial hydroxyl radical assays respectively. These results indicate that the P68 + DQA nanocarriers were successful at enhancing the protective effects of curcumin, NAC and/or DFO by increasing the brain penetrance and targeted delivery of the associated bioactives to the mitochondria in this model. This study thus emphasises the potential effectiveness of this nanocarrier strategy in fully utilising the therapeutic benefit of these antioxidants and lays the foundation for further studies in more advanced models of PD.
PEMBERIAN TEKNIK DISTRAKSI MENGGAMBAR DAN MEWARNAI UNTUK MENURUNKAN ANSIETAS SELAMA HOSPITALISASI PADA ANAK DBD DI RUMAH SAKIT

Background: Children with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever must immediately receive treatment with hospitalization (hospitalization), the most common main response when children undergo hospitalization is anxiety (anxiety). Children's anxiety levels can be overcome by offering therapies that are able to create a sense of security and comfort for children, one of which is by presenting drawing and expressing distraction techniques. Drawing and aims aim to make children happy, feel not afraid and can be used as one of the entertainments when children are hospitalized. Methods: This case study design is a descriptive design in the form of a case study with a process approach consisting of assessment, diagnosis, planning (intervention), implementation (implementation), evaluation and documentation. The subject of the case study again was two DHF pediatric patients who experienced the same problem, namely anxiety. This case study was conducted at Siti Fatimah Hospital Palembang in 2022. The data collection technique was by means of observation, interviews and filling out case study instruments for 3 days in the treatment room. Result : The implementation given is in the form of drawing distraction technique and it worsens the anxiety experienced by pediatric patients during hospitalization. Scores decreased significantly after the drawing and storytelling techniques were applied. Conclusion: The drawing distraction technique can reduce anxiety in children who experience hospitalization, the anxiety score after the drawing distraction technique decreases.
Direct numerical simulations of the elliptic instability of a vortex pair

The objective of this study is to perform direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the three-dimensional short-wavelength elliptic instability developing in a counter-rotating vortex pair, and to reproduce numerically a water-tank experiment. The main features of the elliptic instability are recovered by the simulations. In particular, the spatial structure and the temporal evolution of the most amplified perturbation mode during the linear regime correspond to both experimental measurements and theoretical predictions. The long-term evolution is also simulated, and the stages leading to transition to turbulence are described. Some elements resulting from simulations related to the interaction between the short-wavelength elliptic instability and the long-wavelength Crow instability are provided.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF JETS IN A CROSSFLOW USING DIFFERENT TURBULENCE MODELS

Calculation of a three-dimensional turbulent flow of square jets injected perpendicularly into a crossflow is performed computationally. The jet-to-crossflow velocity ratios were selected to be 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5, and the jet Reynolds number was 4700 based on the jet diameter. We solved the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations in the general form using the SIMPLE finite volume method over a nonuniform staggered grid. Our computational domain included the jet channel flows as well as the flow over a flat plate. For the turbulence modeling, the standard κ-e model with wall functions and the zonal (κ-e)/(κ-ω) turbulence model (shear stress transport model) were used. The results of the two different turbulence models were compared with previous experimental data
Fingering instabilities of exothermic reaction-diffusion fronts in porous media

We consider the density fingering of exothermic autocatalytic fronts in vertically oriented Hele-Shaw cells with chemical reactions whose solutal and thermal contributions to density changes have opposite signs. Using the Darcy–Boussinesq equations we examine the influence of the competition between solutal and thermal density changes on the linear stability of traveling fronts and the fully nonlinear dynamics. Ascending fronts are characterized by standard Rayleigh–Taylor fingering dispersion curves and in the nonlinear stage of the instability they feature thermal plumes. Descending fronts on the other hand behave strikingly differently as they can feature for some values of the parameters Turing-type dispersion curves and stationary patterns with fingers of constant amplitude and wavelength.
Composition of inner-source heavy pickup ions at 1 AU: SOHO/CELIAS/CTOF observations Implications for the production mechanisms

Context. Pickup ions in the inner heliosphere mainly originate in two sources, one interstellar and one in the inner solar system. In contrast to the interstellar source that is comparatively well understood, the nature of the inner source has not been clearly identified. Former results obtained with the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer on-board the Ulysses spacecraft revealed that the composition of inner-source pickup ions is similar, but not equal, to the elemental solar-wind composition. These observations su ered from very low counting statistics of roughly one C + count per day. Aims. Because the composition of inner-source pickup ions could lead to identifying their origin, we used data from the Charge-TimeOf-Flight sensor on-board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory. It o ers a large geometry factor that results in about 100 C + counts per day combined with an excellent mass-per-charge resolution. These features enable a precise determination of the inner-source heavy pickup ion composition at 1 AU. To address the production mechanisms of inner-source pickup ions, we set up a toy model based on the production scenario involving the passage of solar-wind ions through thin dust grains to explain the observed deviations of the inner-source PUI and the elemental solar-wind composition. Methods. An in-flight calibration of the sensor allows identification of heavy pickup ions from pulse height analysis data by their mass-per-charge. A statistical analysis was performed to derive the inner-source heavy pickup ion relative abundances of N + , O + , Ne + , Mg + , Mg 2+ , and Si + compared to C + . Results. Our results for the inner-source pickup ion composition are in good agreement with previous studies and confirm the deviations from the solar-wind composition. The large geometry factor of the Charge-Time-of-Flight sensor even allowed the abundance ratios of the two most prominent pickup ions, C + and O + , to be investigated at varying solar-wind speeds. We found that the O + /C + ratio increases systematically with higher solar-wind speeds. This observation is an unprecedented feature characterising the production of inner-source pickup ions. Comparing our observations to the toy model results, we find that both the deviation from the solar-wind composition and the solar-wind-speed dependent O + /C + ratio can be explained.