Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Embedding Social Work into a Police Department in the South

In 2020, the Fayetteville Police Department (FPD), located in a small urban community in Arkansas, began efforts to develop alternative responses to crisis-related calls for service. The main motivation for this effort was the influx of calls related to crises involving substance use, mental health, and homelessness both before and during COVID-19, although the George Floyd protests during that summer also played a meaningful role. FPD collaborated with the University of Arkansas School of Social Work (UA) to develop an MSW internship within the department with the intent of ultimately creating a co-response program. It is crucial to determine a baseline of staff attitudes when developing a new program or implementing organizational change to assess any subsequent shifts over time. As such, this paper presents baseline data from a survey assessing attitudes among sworn and civilian staff at FPD toward incorporating a social worker into the department. Data from semi-structured interviews provide a deeper understanding of these attitudes along with insight into lessons learned during the implementation of the internship and the eventual Crisis Intervention Response Team (CIRT). Survey results indicated that overall, FPD staff were supportive but somewhat hesitant about the programmatic change, particularly regarding safety concerns when bringing unarmed civilians into the field. Themes from the interviews showed that although there was certainly doubt among FPD staff initially, the intentionally collaborative efforts made by FPD administrators and UA faculty to support organizational acceptance of the program produced early successes. By highlighting crucial aspects of the implementation process and the lessons learned along the way, the results from this study can guide future replication efforts in similarly situated localities.
Glacier Runoff Change in the Upper Stream of Yarkant River and Its Impact on River Runoff during 1961—2006

Yarkant River is one of the main sources of the Tarim River,which is located in the north slopes of the Karakorum Mountains.The glacier runoff is the main supply of the river runoff in Yarkant River.Based on the monthly precipitation and air temperature from the Kulukelangan Hydrological Station,a national meteorological station in the Yarkant River basin,90-m resolution DEM and the digital vector map of glaciers during the 1970s,the glacier mass balance and glacier runoff sequence were reconstructed by a degree-day glacier melting model,and compared with short-term observations and other available results.The characteristics and trends of glacier runoff variation were analyzed.It is found that the mean annual glacier mass balance during 1961-2006 was-163.1 mm per year and the total 46-year glacier mass loss was-7.5 m in thickness.There was a clearly increasing trend in glacier runoff,which is caused by net ice mass loss for the period 1961-2006.A remarkable shift from minor negative mass balance to strong negative phase has taken place since 1991,with the mean annual mass balance of-301.2 mm.The equilibrium line altitude rose up about 64.2 m during 1991-2006 as compared with the mean value over the period 1961-1990.The climate pattern has changed from warm-dry to warm-wet around 1986.The average of glacier melting depth of the upper reaches of Yarkant River was 807.7 mm during 1961-2006.Glacier melting has increased more significantly since 1990.The tight relationship between glacier runoff and mass balance indicates that glacier runoff change is mainly controlled by mass balance.The contribution of glacier runoff to river runoff in Yarkant River was approximately 51.3% during 1961-2006 and increases to approximately 63.3% after 2000.The contribution of glacier runoff to river runoff has increased significantly since 2000.
Determinants of puberty and age of sexual maturity in Nigerian indigenous breeds of male goats

This study was conducted to ascertain the pubertal and sexual maturity characteristics of Nigerian native goat breeds. The research was carried out on three goat breeds; Sahel (SG), Red Sokoto (RSG), and West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Each breed was represented by eight (8) animals (n=24) and housed in separate pens based on breed type. All bucks were weighed at birth and bi-weekly using digital weighing scales until they reached puberty. Scrotal circumference measurements were taken every two weeks until the end of the study. Semen was collected immediately after preputial separation and all semen samples were labelled and placed in a thermo-flask immediately and subsequently transported to the laboratory for evaluation. The mass motility and the forward motilities of the spermatozoa were observed using a light microscope. The percentage of live, dead, and abnormal sperms were determined after staining with eosin and negrosin stains. The sperm cell concentration was determined by counting spermatozoa with a hemocytometer. Result obtained indicate that at the 14th and 16th weeks of age, the mean scrotal circumference of bucks ranged from 5.14±0.66 cm to 7.06±0.71 cm, 6.32±0.29 cm to 8.05±0.42 cm, and 5.50±0.74 cm to 7.06±0.71 cm in SG, RSG, and WAD bucks, respectively. Puberty in Red Sokoto bucks was achieved at an average age of 14 weeks, with a mean sperm concentration of (116.17±28.47 x 106), progressive sperm motility of (65.00±9.92%), and a mean body weight of 10.17±1.26 kg. Sahelian and WAD bucks reached puberty at the 16th weeks, with sperm concentrations of 106.29±25.18 x 106 and 107.60±19.99 x 106, mean sperm motility of 65.00±9.94% and 76.00±4.8%, and mean body weights of 11.29±1.59 kg and 7.78±0.70 kg, respectively. To summarise, this study revealed that breed, age, scrotal circumference and body weight at puberty played significant roles in determining sperm characteristics and sexual maturity.
Asiatic acid increased locomotor and head width by inducing brain-derived neurotrophic factor in intrauterine hypoxia-exposed zebrafish

Background: Hypoxia ischemia leads to abnormal behavior and growth. Prenatal hypoxia also decreases brain adaptive potential, which can cause fatal effects such as cell death. Asiatic acid (AA) in Centella asiatica is a neuroprotector through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the effect of AA as a neuroprotector against hypoxia during intrauterine development on locomotor activity, head width, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Methods: The true experimental laboratory research used a posttest control-only design. Zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) aged 0–2 dpf (days postfertilization) were exposed to hypoxia with oxygen levels reaching 1.5 mg/l. Then, AA was administered at successive concentrations, namely, 0.36, 0.72, and 1.45 μg/ml, at 2 hpf (hours postfertilization), 3, 6, and 9 dpf. Head width, velocity activity, and BDNF expression were observed. Results: Intrauterine hypoxia significantly decreased head width, velocity rate, and BDNF expression (<0.001). Administration of AA at all concentrations and age 9 dpf to zebrafish larvae with intrauterine hypoxia exposure increased head width ( p < 0.0001), velocity (p < 0.05), and relative mRNA expression of BDNF (p < 0.05). Conclusion: AA is potentially neuroprotective to the brain in zebrafish larvae exposed to hypoxia during intrauterine development
Application of Low-Temperature Produced Biochar on Plant Growth in Californian Alfisol Soil

As the scientific and political community works to reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, there has been greater support for wide-scale biochar use as a form of carbon sequestration. Biochar has also increased soil fertility and plant growth in studies suggesting potential environmental and economic benefits of agricultural use. While California could benefit from biochar use, there has been limited research done on biochar interactions with varying plants and agricultural practices in Californian Alfisol soils. I conducted a greenhouse experiment to determine whether low-temperature produced biochar at varying application concentrations with and without fertilizer would affect Lolium multiflorum plant growth in Californian Alfisol soil. After 7 weeks of growth, I weighed the dry root and shoot masses and used a two-way ANOVA to find whether biochar affects plant growth and if fertilizer affects biochar’s influence on plant growth. Shoot plant growth increased most with 25 tons per hectare (t/h) biochar and fertilizer applied which improved shoot growth by 7.77g from the control (no fertilizer and 0t/h biochar applied) and 1.52 g from the fertilized and 0 t/h biochar applied group. Fertilizer increased plant growth most (p=1.704x10 -14 ). However, the minimal plant growth within the fertilized group seemed to be attributed to biochar additions but could not be verified as biochar’s effect on plant growth was insignificant (p=0.4424). Biochar and fertilizer’s combined effect on plant growth was insignificant (p=0.7239). The statistical insignificance suggests a larger study is needed to verify possible biochar benefits on plant growth with fertilization in Alfisol soils.
Role of Teachers in the Promotion of Environmental Education at the Secondary School Level in District Mardan

The significance of environmental education is witnessed from the literature for all ages. Pakistan, in reflection of its various education policies, is trying to ensure the implementation of environmental education at the school level. The current study investigates the role of teachers in the promotion of environmental education at the secondary school level in district Mardan. The study aimed to investigate the stated role of teachers through a Quantitative (Survey Type Research) design. All public sector teachers from the targeted district constituted the population of the study, for which a restricted tool comprising 27 items was employed to obtain data through the stratified random sampling techniques. The collected data was further analyzed through SPSS using an independent sample t-test. The statistics showed positive and satisfactory results for the study by indicating teachers’ significant role in the promotion of environmental education and also highlighted that the female gender is more sensitive to environmental education as compared to the male gender. Furthermore, the current research evidently verified that the active role of teachers can make a progressive contribution to environmental education.
Evaluating Nitrogen Management Practices for Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction in a Maize Farmland in the North China Plain: Adapting to Climate Change

Quantification of the trade-offs among greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, yield, and farmers’ incomes is essential for proposing economic and environmental nitrogen (N) management strategies for optimizing agricultural production. A four-year (2017–2020) field experiment (including four treatments: basic N fertilizer treatment (BF), suitable utilization of fertilization (SU), emission reduction treatment (ER), and high fertilization (HF)) was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) in the North China Plain. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method was used in this study to quantify the GHG emissions and farmers’ incomes during the whole maize production process. The total GHG emissions of BF, SU, ER, and HF treatments in the process of maize production are 10,755.2, 12,908.7, 11,950.1, and 14,274.5 kg CO2-eq ha−1, respectively, of which the direct emissions account for 84.8%, 76.8%, 74.9%, and 71.0%, respectively. Adding inhibitors significantly reduced direct GHG emissions, and the N2O and CO2 emissions from the maize fields in the ER treatment decreased by 30.0% and 7.9% compared to those in the SU treatment. Insignificant differences in yield were found between the SU and ER treatments, indicating that adding fertilizer inhibitors did not affect farmers’ incomes while reducing GHG emissions. The yield for SU, ER, and HF treatments all significantly increased by 12.9–24.0%, 10.0–20.7%, and 2.1–17.4% compared to BF, respectively. In comparison with BF, both SU and ER significantly promoted agricultural net profit (ANP) by 16.6% and 12.2%, with mean ANP values of 3101.0 USD ha−1 and 2980.0 USD ha−1, respectively. Due to the high agricultural inputs, the ANP values in the HF treatment were 11.2%, 16.6%, and 12.4% lower than those in the SU treatment in 2018–2020. In conclusion, the combination of N fertilizer and inhibitors proved to be an environmentally friendly, high-profit, and low-emissions production technology while sustaining or even increasing maize yields in the North China Plain, which was conducive to achieving agricultural sustainability.
A Deep Learning-Based Framework for Visual Inspection of Plastic Bottles

This paper presents a deep learning-based framework for automating the visual inspection of plastic bottles in an Industry 4.0 context, detecting surface defects to enhance product quality. Our contributions include the acceleration of model development through knowledge transfer learning, an inventive data generation strategy that combines physical samples with synthetic data augmentation techniques, an extensive evaluation of pre-trained deep convolutional neural networks, and a user-friendly interface for real-time quality inspection reporting and making the information easily accessible and actionable. In comparison to existing methods, our proposed method outperforms with a higher Accuracy to Size Ratio of 7.0. This characteristic underscores its capacity to efficiently and accurately classify and detect defects across multiple classes while maintaining a low area utilization. This feature not only demonstrates its exceptional performance but also positions it as a practical solution for real-world scenarios with resource constraints.
Synthesis of Wideband Bandpass Filter With Cross-Coupled or Inline Topology for Direct Circuit Implementation Using Lumped Elements

A synthesis method of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> th-order wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with cross-coupled or inline topology using inductive- and capacitive-coupling components is presented. The synthesized admittance matrix can fully represent the frequency-dependent characteristics of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${J}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-inverters and resonators that are used to implement the wideband BPF. All negative inductive-coupling elements in the trisection, quadruplet, or conjoined trisection blocks can be transformed into negative capacitive-coupling elements by using the proposed similarity transformation matrix and the corresponding transformation conditions. As a consequence, the resulted admittance matrix can be directly implemented using lumped elements. All values of the lumped elements can be calculated without any optimization. The transformation method of cascaded blocks filter with trisection, quadruplet, and two conjoined trisections is demonstrated through several numerical examples. The fundamental transformation of third-order and fourth-order cross coupled or inline topologies is proposed first. Cascaded block synthesis for higher order wideband BPF with multiple transmission zeros (TZs) is then carried out based on the proposed fundamental transformation. The proposed synthesis method can be applied to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> th-order wideband BPF with multiple TZs. To validate the proposed method, a fifth-order cascaded triplets (CTs) filter with fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 66.7%, one TZ at the lower stopband, and two TZs at the upper band are synthesized, designed, and fabricated.
Evolution Characteristics of the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Electricity Power Consumption in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Abstract: Revealing the dynamic characteristics of the temporal and spatial evolution of electricity power consumption (EPC) is of great significance for realizing the scientific allocation and rational utilization of electricity power resources. Therefore, based on the EPC data extracted from the DMSP/OLS nighttime light data, this paper takes the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) as an example, and uses various methods such as coefficient of variation, Kernel density analysis, rank-scale rule, trend analysis, and standard deviation ellipse. The evolution characteristics of the spatiotemporal pattern of EPC at the provincial, prefecture and county levels in the YREB were analyzed. The results show that: (1) Through the coefficient of variation (CV), we found that the coefficient of variation (CV) of EPC in the YREB showed a downward trend at the provincial, prefecture and county levels. Specifically, the county-level EPC has the largest difference, followed by the provincial and prefecture-level. (2) Through the kernel density analysis, we found that the EPC agglomeration degree in the YREB obviously shows the characteristics of decreasing from the east to the central and western regions. (3) Through the rank-scale rule, it is found that the |q| value of the YREB has been in a downward trend during the research period at the provincial, prefecture and county scales, and the |q| value is constantly approaching 1. It directly shows that the scale and quantity distribution of EPC in the YREB at the provincial, prefecture and county levels are becoming more and more reasonable. (4) Through trend analysis, we found that the changes in EPC in the YREB at the provincial, prefecture and county scales all obviously showed a decreasing trend from the east to the central and western regions. (5) Through the standard deviation ellipse (SDE), we found that the standard deviation ellipse of the EPC in the YREB obviously shows the spatial distribution direction of “Southwest-Northeast”, and the directionality to the Yangtze River Delta is very obvious, which directly indicates that the promotion of the YREB that the main driving force behind the growth in EPC is the increase in EPC in the east-west direction.
The use of modern technologies in postgraduate student support in an open learning institution: Are there new cultures emerging?

Abstract Advancements and developments in technologies have compelled open distance learning (ODL) institutions to evolve through several stages of technological development. In some institutions, the COVID-19 accelerated these stages, and as a result, many educators across the globe are adopting and exploring various digital technologies and tools as student support mechanisms. Arguably, as teaching practices evolve due to these technological advancements and emergency teaching and learning modes; and, as new teaching models replace old ones, a “cultural change” is bound to occur. Thus, there is keenness among scholars to understand the effects of these new cultures in shaping student support in ODL environments. Using a theoretical lens derived from cultural anthropology, within the constructivist paradigm, the researchers sought to understand the extent to which lecturers’ technological and pedagogical practices within an ODL university reflect technological cultural shifts as required by the new culture at their institution. The findings indicated small and realistic strides in the adoption of various technologies to support postgraduate students as well as the development of 21 century skills.
Effect of Adding Levels of Palm Fronds Compost and Mineral Fertilizer on Fertile Soil Characteristics, Quality, and Productivity of
Maize Yield (Zea Mays L.)

An experiment was carried out in one of the fields of the Soil Research Department - Agricultural Research Department/Ministry of Agriculture in the Abu Ghraib district at latitude 33° 17" 31 N and longitude 44° 03" 56 E and 35 m above sea level. This field study was conducted in the autumn season 2021-2022 for the cultivation of yellow maize ( Maha cultivar) in sedimentary soil with silty clay loam texture, with a Split Plot Design. The treatments were distributed using the RCBD for three replicates with two factors. The first factor represents the main plots that include the addition of mineral fertilizer 120, 80, and 320 kg.ha-1 for each of (N, P, and K), respectively, at three levels (0, 50, and 100%) of the fertilizer recommendation. On the other hand, the second factor was a subplot of organic fertilizer (palm frond compost) at three levels (0, 5, and 10) μg. ha-1 . Soil samples were taken to estimate the availability of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium, where the total yield and percentage of protein for yellow maize were estimated. The results showed that adding organic fertilizers (palm fronds) with the levels of mineral fertilizers increased the availability of nutrients and the yield of maize. Accordingly, the treatment O2M2 achieved the highest values of nutrient availability, quantity, and quality of yield, reaching (59.167, 33.407, and 257.967) mg.kg-1 soil and (10,096) μg. ha-1 and (9.435%) for each of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, yield, and protein percentage, respectively. Moreover, there were no significant differences between the treatments of O1M2 and O2M1 in the amount of yield and the percentage of protein, which gave the values of 8.403 and 8.134 μg. ha-1, respectively, and the protein percentage of 8.630 and 8.915% respectively. It can be concluded that organic fertilizers can be added to compensate for mineral fertilizers, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce the economic cost and soil preservation because organic fertilizers are considered safe and environmentally friendly. Keywords: yellow maize, mineral fertilizer, palm fronds compost.
Concordance in Business Cycles

We study the properties of a test of that determines whether two time series co-move. The test computes a simple non-parametric statistic for `concordance,' which describes the proportion of time that the cycles of two series spend in the same phase. We establish the size and power properties of this test. As an illustration, the procedures are applied to output series from selected major industrial countries. We find limited evidence of widespread concordance for these countries.
Introduced Marine Species in Pago Pago Harbor, Fagatele Bay and the National Park Coast, American Samoa: Survey of October 2002 (NODC Accession 0002177)

The biological communities at ten sites around the Island of Tutuila, American Samoa were surveyed in October 2002 by a team of four investigators. Diving observations and collections of benthic observations using scuba and snorkel were made at six stations in Pago Pago Harbor, two stations in Fagatele Bay, and one station each in Vatia Bay and Fagasa Bay. These results were compared with all marine organism reports for these areas by previous investigators.
" Sexual Orientation Provisions in Canadian Collective Agreements "

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