Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Cold Hardiness in Seven Iranian Commercial Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars

Freezing injury is one of the most important limiting factors in commercial pomegranate production. The objectives of this study were to compare cold hardiness of seven Iranian pomegranate cultivars at three stages: November, January, and March, and to investigate the relationship between freezing tolerance and soluble carbohydrate and proline changes of shoots during acclimation and deacclimation. LT50 values, estimated by both electrolyte leakage measurement (EL LT50) and tetrazolium stain test (TST LT50), allowed us to discriminate between the cultivars in terms of freezing tolerance. Acclimation and deacclimation did not occur simultaneously in different cultivars, having akeyrole in coldtolerance ofcultivars, especially in fall and late winter. Post Sefid Bafgh cultivar showed high cold tolerance early in fall, but it was susceptible to cold during winter. 'Naderi', 'Yusef Khani', 'Malas Saveh', and 'Robab Neyriz' had the highest midwinter cold hardiness; 'Mahabadi' showed an intermediate hardiness, whereas 'Post Sefid Bafgh' and 'Shishe Kap' were found to be cold-susceptible in this period. Freezing tolerance estimated by TST corresponded to those measured by the EL method in all cultivars, but in November and January, higher variation in freezing tolerance was observed among the cultivars through TST compared with EL measure- ment. However, LT50 values, estimated by EL measurement, were lower than those estimatedthroughTSTinNovemberandMarch.Solublecarbohydrateconcentrationsof stem samples increased during cold acclimation from November to January; then it decreased in March. Proline had a narrow range of variation among the cultivars in November, but an increase in the amount of proline was observed during the period of hardening. In general, stronger correlations were observed between LT50 values and the amounts of soluble carbohydrates compared with proline, particularly from fall to midwinter.
The Role of Human Resources Management in Corporate Social Responsibility at PT Kutai Timber Indonesia (PT. KTI)

The existence of companies earning profits through extracting of natural resources from community’s/inhabitant’s environment has contributed to the growing awareness about the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Aspects of CSR related to employee participation require support from human resource management (HRM). Although research linking the role of HRM and CSR has seen a significant increase, but there is still no comprehensive approach that examines these two concepts jointly. This study aims to consider the structure of CSR-HRM at PT Kutai Timber Indonesia (PT KTI), the role of HRM in the development and implementation of CSR, and the contribution of HRM in corporate sustainability through CSR at PT KTI. The study used a qualitative approach to the type of case study research. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis in this study was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and final conclusion. The validity test of data is used the method of source triangulation and technical triangulation. The research findings conclude that the understanding of CSR adopted by PT KTI was still focused on the external dimension, so the structure of PT KTI’s CSR-HRM was limited to administrative relations. HRM in the HRD Department of PT KTI does not have a strategic role related to the development of CSR, but has an administrative role related to employee licensing in implementing CSR. PT KTI’s HRD department contributes to corporate sustainability through HRM core tasks. The limitation of this study is its limitation to be generalized to other sites/objects. The sound generalization could be applied only to objects/sites that have similar or similar characteristics. Keywords: CSR, the role of HRM, corporate sustainability, PT KTI.
Consumer Vulnerability due to Health Risk; Empirical Study based on CKDu Endemic Regions in Sri Lanka.

Health risk is becoming an emerging topic in multi- disciplinary studies. Similarly the consumer behavioral studies also make the attention on reviewing the behaviors of individual in health risk. Further it is observed the less power in consumption related decision making by the individuals with the higher degree of health risk assessed by them. Sri Lanka as a developing country with the agriculture base economy, CKDu has become a burning issue for the country in different perspectives. In which the study evaluate the level of consumer vulnerability experience by the individuals based on the disparities in the risk assessment. The data collected using self-administrated questionnaire the validated measuring scale for the consumer vulnerability is used and in analysisng the collected data it has used the SPSS software with the mean comparison techniques. In analyzing study considered the administrative classification of the CKDu risk factor and collect the data on consumer vulnerability representing the identified three risk segments. Based on the quantitative data analysis undertake it is identified the significant difference in the level of consumer vulnerability based on the disparities in risk assessment. Based on the main finding it is recommending for the policy makers and the business entities to identify risk as a segmenting base which differentiate the behaviors of the individuals in the similar characteristics.
CENTRAL EUROPEAN REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT

Aim: We analyze stock market reactions to merger and acquisition announcements for firms in Europe and contribute to the literature by providing empirical evidence how the decisions with respect to alternative financing sources (equity or debt) and methods of payment (cash or stock) affect the magnitude of the valuation effects. Research design: An event study methodology is applied to 717 M&A transactions. We analyze the size of the cumulative abnormal returns using the financing sources and payment methods and other variables as the relevant determinants. Findings: The cumulative abnormal results suggest that target shareholders and bidder shareholders in private deals benefit from mergers and acquisitions. The effect found is centered around the announcement date, making our findings consistent with market efficiency. Debt financed deals outperform equity financed deals and cash paid M&A outperform stock paid M&As due to information asymmetries as well as signaling and agency effects. Originality: This study adds to our understanding of the relevance of the financing sources and the payment methods for the magnitude of valuation effects of mergers and acquisitions in Europe. Implications: This study may help practitioners to better assess the valuation effects of alternative financing sources and payment methods when acquiring other firms.
ENCIT-2018-0763 STEADY STATE HEAT CONDUCTION MODELING BY THE GENERALIZED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

Humberto Alves da Silveira Monteiro Guilherme Garcia Botelho Roque Luiz da Silva Pitangueira Rodrigo Guerra Peixoto Felício Bruzzi Barros Department of Structural Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, School of Engineering – Block 1, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte – MG, Brazil. hmonteiro@ufmg.br; guilhermebotelho@ufmg.br; roque@dees.ufmg.br; rodrigo.peixoto@dees.ufmg.br; felicio@dees.ufmg.br
Assessment and Management of Small Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) Stocks in South Korea

We aimed to determine the appropriate annual total allowable catch (TAC) levels for the small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis). A Bayesian state-space model was used to assess the species stock. This model has been widely used after research confirmed its reliability over other models. However, setting prior distributions for analyzing this model remains controversial. Therefore, a sensitivity analysis was conducted using the model with different prior distributions and biomass growth functions. Informative and non-informative prior distributions were compared using Schaefer and Fox growth functions. Considering the results of the sensitivity analysis, the assumption of inverse-gamma prior distribution of K, a non-informative distribution, with the Fox function could yield relatively superior estimates than those obtained from other assumptions. Moreover, changing the growth function could have a greater effect on the fitness of the model estimates than changing prior distribution. Therefore, future fishery stock analyses based on this model should consider the effectiveness of various growth functions in addition to the sensitivity analysis for prior distributions. Furthermore, the biomass of small yellow croaker will decrease if the catch increases by 10%. Therefore, the annual TAC levels should be set below the maximum sustainable yield (21,301 tons) for effective small yellow croaker stock management.
When probabilistic seismic hazard climbs volcanoes: the Mt Etna case, Italy. Part I: model components for sources parametrization

The volcanic region of Mt Etna (Sicily, Italy) represents a perfect lab for testing innovative approaches to seismic hazard assessment. This is largely owed to the long record of historical and recent observations of seismic and tectonic phenomena, the high quality of various geophysical monitoring, but also and especially because the rapid geodynamics 10 clearly demonstrate some seismotectonic processes. We present here the model components and the procedures adopted for defining seismic sources to be used in a new generation of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) whose first results and maps are presented in a companion paper, Peruzza et al. (2017). The sources include, with increasing complexity, seismic zones, individual faults and gridded point sources that are obtained by integrating geological field data with long and short earthquake datasets (the historical macroseismic catalogue that covers about three centuries, and a high-quality 15 instrumental locations database for the last decades). The analysis of the frequency-magnitude distribution identifies two main fault systems within the volcanic complex featuring different seismic rates that are controlled essentially by volcanotectonic processes. We discuss the variability of the mean occurrence times of major earthquakes along the main Etnean faults by using an historical approach and a purely geologic method. We derive a magnitude-size scaling relationship specifically for this volcanic area, which has been implemented into a recently developed software tool – FiSH, Pace et al. 20 (2016) – that we use to calculate the characteristic magnitudes and the related mean recurrence times expected for each fault. Results suggest that for the Mt Etna area, the traditional assumptions of uniform and Poissonian seismicity can be relaxed; a time-dependent fault-based modelling, joined with a 3D imaging of volcano-tectonic sources depicted by the recent instrumental seismicity, can therefore be implemented in PSHA maps. They can be relevant for the retrofitting of the existing building stock, and for driving risk reduction interventions. These analyses do not account for regional M>6 25 seismogenic sources which dominate the hazard over long return times (≥500 yrs).
Study of an RF cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet: mass spectrometry and bacteria inactivation

In the past few years, the bactericidal effect of atmospheric pressure plasmas have gained significant attention in dermatology and for application like the sterilisation of heat sensitive medical devices such as endoscopes, dentist and surgical tools. Previous research performed at the TUe by van Gils et al has shown that plasma induced liquid chemistry is important in the inactivation of bacteria in a liquid. A chemical model was developed to predict the time depend chemical compounds induced by the plasma due to a constant production of nitric oxide (NO), ozone (O3) and hydroxide (OH) in the liquid phase. This model was fitted to species measured in the liquid phase. HNO2, ONOO − and H2O2 were found in quantities that could explain the bactericidal effect of a plasma treatment. This motivated a study of bacteria inactivation by a plasma jet at different axial positions, aiming to find the necessary threshold concentrations of plasma produced species. The gas phase reactive neutral species, liquid species, UV and ion fluxes are measured in order to find a correlation between these parameters and the bactericidal effect of a plasma. This work has focussed on two issues: (1) the determination of the absolute surface densities of plasma produced NO and O3 species to remove the necessity of the assumptions in the model, and (2) the distance dependent bactericidal effect of the plasma treatment. A molecular beam mass spectrometry study has been performed to measure the absolute NO and O3 surface densities. A procedure has been developed to circumvent the large changing background signal of the mass spectrometer which complicates absolute calibration of NO under the experimental conditions of the RF plasma jet. This method enables the MS to detect sub ppm NO and O3 concentrations. A systematic study of the production of NO and O3 shows that an increase in plasma dissipated power and admixing air results in an increase of the NO density in the plasma jet. The admixing of O2 decreases the NO production. The O3 production of the plasma jet is increased by admixing O2 and air into the plasma, increasing the power and decreasing the duty cycle. To explain the bactericidal effect of a plasma, distance dependent biological measurements are combined with diagnostics of NO, O3, H2O2, UV and ion flux, and the pH in the liquid. O3 and NO surface densities and ion fluxes are obtained with the mass spectrometer. H2O2 densities in the liquid are measured with a colorimetric method. The UV flux is measured with a spectrometer. It is shown that a synergistic effect of either H2O2 and pH and/or the pH dependent HNO2 concentration is responsible for the distance dependent effect of a bacteria inactivation with a plasma jet.
Fabrication and Characterization of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles using Cymbopogon citratus and Evaluation of its Antioxidant, Free Radicals and Reducing Power Activity

The study aims at synthesizing silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus along with the evaluation of its antioxidant, free radicals scavenging, and reducing power properties. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized X-Ray diffractometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The antioxidant, free radicals and reducing power activity were determined by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, hydroxyl radicals scavenging, superoxide scavenging and reducing power activity methods. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized by Cymbopogon citratus extract that was confirmed by visible color changes of solution and spectral analysis. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles having a surface plasmon resonance band centered at 450 nm were characterized using different techniques. The data obtained from SEM and TEM revealed the formation of spherical shape nanoparticles with size ranging from 5-35 nm in diameter while XRD suggested highly crystalline nanoparticles having Bragg’s peak at (111), (200) and (220) plane. FTIR confirmed the presence of various function groups in the extract and on the surface silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles had greater antioxidant, free radicals scavenging and reducing power activity than Cymbopogon citratus extract while lesser activity than vitamin C.
Monetary Policy Channels and Industrial Production in Pakistan: Evidences based on ARDL Approach

History Revised format: August 2020 Available Online: September 2020 Monetary policy is a significant component of economic management, with which we can control higher inflation, boost the economic growth and stabilize the other macroeconomic activities. This study investigates the channels of monetary policy affecting the industrial production using monthly data of Pakistan. In this regard, we have applied Bound test for co-integration to investigate the dynamic behaviour of the variables. Our results indicate that the consumer prices, money supply and money market rates are negatively effective for industrial production in the short-run. On the other hand, exchange rate has positive effect in short-run. The results also indicate that there is statistically significant and positive relationship between industrial output and money supply in the long-run, too. The adjustment mechanism suggests stability in the system and is statistically significant. Our results imply that the authorities should use expansionary monetary stance through money supply channel to boost the industrial sector.
Impact of Tolerances on the Cogging Torque of Tooth-Coil-Winding PMSMs with Modular Stator Core by Means of Efficient Superposition Technique

This paper analyzes the impact of manufacturing tolerances on the cogging torque of a 24-slot 28-pole tooth-coil-winding permanent magnet synchronous machine with a modular stator core (TCW-MPMSM). Dimensional tolerances and asymmetries associated with the modular topology are studied by means of finite element simulations in order to identify key parameters that increase the cogging torque above the expected values of a faultless machine. Among five selected dimensional parameters, it was found that angular displacement, radial displacement, and tooth–tip width deviations of the stator segments have the most significant impact on the cogging torque. Considering these three key parameters, a full-range tolerance analysis is carried out by means of a proposed superposition-based approach, evaluating all possible combinations of typical deviation values. It is concluded that the cogging torque increment, generated by tolerances, is relatively independent of the faultless tooth–tip width of the stator segments and the arc-to-pole ratio. Robustness of the TCW-MPMSM, regarding cogging torque generation, depends on both the tightness of the tolerances handled in the manufacturing process and the rated cogging torque: the lower the cogging torque of the ideal machine, the less robust is the machine and, therefore, manufacturing imperfections will be required to be tightened.
THE EFFECTS OF CORPORATE STRATEGY AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM CANADA

The corporate strategy and capital structure decisions are important because of the need to maximize shareholders’ wealth, and because of the impact such decisions have on the firm's ability to deal with its competitive environment. The purpose of this study is to test the relationships between corporate strategy, capital structure, and firm performance. This study also seeks to extend the findings of Su and Vo (2010). A sample of 91 Canadian manufacturing firms listed on Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) for a period of 3 years (from 2008-2010) was selected. This study applied co-relational and non-experimental research design. The findings show that both the corporate strategy and capital structure effect the performance of Canadian manufacturing firms. This study contributes to the literature on the factors that affect firm performance. The findings may be useful for the financial managers, investors, and financial management consultants.
Work organization and innovation in legal services: analysis from a “deep dive” study

3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.3 INTRODUCTION . 5 CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS.7 Innovation in services – an activity based approach.7 Innovation and regulation . 11 The innovation value chain in legal services.13 DATA AND METHODS . 17 EMPIRICAL RESULTS . 20 ROBUSTNESS TESTS . 23 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS . 24 REFERENCES . 43
Effects of the Hippophae Rhamnoides L juice on lead-induced change of lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase and catecholamine neurotransmitters in mice brain

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of the Hippophae Rhamnoides L juice on lead-induced change of lipid peroxidation,acetylcholinesterase(AchE) and catecholamine neurotransmitters in mice brain. METHODS Mice were administrated peritoneal injection with lead acetate,then mice were given various dosages of Hippophae Rhamnoides L juice by gavage.The value of MDA was determined by the thiobarituric acid colorimetric method,and the activity of AchE was determined by the alkaline hydroxylamine method,and(contents) of NE,DA,5-HT were determined by the flourimetric method. RESULTS The MDA levels were increased in lead-treated mice, which were reduced by 200,400 g/L Hippophae Rhamnoides L in dose-dependent manner.The activities of AchE was significantly increased in the lead-treated group,which were decreased by 400 g/L Hippophae Rhamnoides L.The levels of NE,5-HT,5-HIAA were significantly decreased in the lead-treated mice,and this decreases were antagonized by 400 g/L Hippophae Rhamnoides L,except for that in dopamine. CONCLUSION Hippophae Rhamnoides L juice has protective effects against the lead acetate-induced changes in neurobiochemical parameters.
Sleep quality and chronic pain in community dwelling older adults: preliminary results

Background: The natural process of human aging causes biopsychosocial alterations, which can trigger chronic pain and poor sleep quality in older adults. Considering the high prevalence and possible association between these two clinical conditions, special attention from public health policies is necessary to provide quality aging. Objective: To verify if there is an association between chronic pain and sleep quality among older adults in the community. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study on the association of chronic pain with the sleep quality among older people in the community. Participants were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Visual Analog Pain scale; questionnaires of sociodemographic and clinical data, assessment of cognitive impairment through the Mini Mental State Examination, and anthropometric assessments. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics. The means between the groups of older people with and without chronic pain were compared using the Student's t test for independent samples and Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to analyze the association of PSQI with pain intensity. Results: In total, 51 older women were included, with a mean age of 70 ± 8 years. The majority had a low level of education (52.9%), low financial income (64.7%), and chronic pain (56.9%). It was found that the older adults with chronic pain presented worse sleep quality when compared those without chronic pain and a moderate (r=0.595) and significant (p<0.01) correlation between sleep quality and the intensity of chronic pain was observed. Conclusion: Older adults in the community with chronic pain present worse sleep quality when compared to the older adults without pain. There is a strong correlation between the intensity of chronic pain and sleep quality in older adults; the greater the intensity of pain, the worse the sleep quality. Trial Registration: Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clinicos (REBEC) Identifier: RBR-3cqzfy