Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Silurian acastacean trilobites of the Americas

Species of the superfamily Acastacea constitute a minor element of North and South American Silurian trilobite faunas. Phacopidina? obsoleta (Ulrich and Delo) (Llandovery, Tennessee) provides the sole Silurian record of the “kloucekiine” grade (Acastacea s.l.); a lectotype is designated for this species. Acaste birminghamensis Norford (mid Llandovery, Alabama) lacks synapomorphies of post-Llandovery Acastidae s.s. (=Acastinae + “Acastavinae” + Asteropyginae), and is the basis for Llandovacaste n. gen. (Acastidae s.l.). A well-preserved sample of Andinacaste cf. A. ledgrandi Eldredge and Braniša from the Catavi Formation (Ludlow–Přídolí), Bolivia, displays apomorphic characters of the genal spines and hypostome shared with Devonian calmoniids. Coaptative structures, including vincular furrow/pits and “bifurcated” thoracic pleural tips, are documented for Andinacaste; similar enrollment morphologies arose in other acastomorph calmoniids. Poorly known Llandovery acastaceans from Paraguay and Venezuela may represent Andinacaste. Acaste zerinae n. sp. from the Pembroke Formation (Přídolí) of Maine is closely comparable to British late Wenlock A. downingiae (Murchison). The Australian Gedinnian acastine placed in Phacopinae indet. longisulcata (Shergold) is designated Acaste lokii n. sp.
Artificial Humic Acid Mediated Carbon–Iron Coupling to Promote Carbon Sequestration

Fe (hydr)oxides have a substantial impact on the structure and stability of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and also drive organic carbon turnover processes via reduction–oxidation reactions. Currently, many studies have paid much attention to organic matter–Fe mineral–microbial interactions on SOC turnover, while there is few research on how exogenous carbon addition abiotically regulates the intrinsic mechanisms of Fe-mediated organic carbon conversion. The study investigated the coupling process of artificial humic acid (A-HA) and Fe(hydr)oxide, the mechanism of inner-sphere ligands, and the capacity for carbon sequestration using transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and wet-chemical disposal. Furthermore, spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy–electron energy loss spectroscopy and Mössbauer spectra have been carried out to demonstrate the spatial heterogeneity of A-HA/Fe (hydr)oxides and reveal the relationship between the increase in Fe-phase crystallinity and redox sensitivity and the accumulation of organic carbon. Additionally, the dynamics of soil structures on a microscale, distribution of carbon–iron microdomains, and the cementing-gluing effect can be observed in the constructing nonliving anthropogenic soils, confirming that the formation of stable aggregates is an effective approach to achieving organic carbon indirect protection. We propose that exogenous organic carbon inputs, specifically A-HA, could exert a substantial but hitherto unexplored effect on the geochemistry of iron–carbon turnover and sequestration in anoxic water/solid soils and sediments.
Effects of fertilization and mowing on community biomass compensation in eastern alpine meadow of Tibetan Plateau

A comparative study was made on the community biomass,species richness,and compensation index in eastern alpine meadow of Tibetan Plateau under four levels of fertilization and seven levels of mowing,aimed to understand the responses of the community to different intensities of fertilization and mowing.Fertilization increased the aboveground biomass and reduced the species richness,while mowing increased the species richness but had little effects on the aboveground biomass.With increasing fertilization,the dominance of Cyperaceae and forb species gradually shifted to grass species.Fertilization also promoted the community compensation ability,but the ability after mowing differed along the fertilization gradient.In addition,the probability of over-compensation increased with increasing mowing intensity and decreasing mowing number along the fertilization gradient.Therefore,fertilization was the main factor for community compensation,and the mowing effect on the community characters depended on fertilization level.
Unmeasurable Hemoglobin A1c due to Extreme Hyperglycemia in High-performance Liquid Chromatography Method: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), which is one of the important parameters considered when judging the degree of glucose concentrations during the preceding 8–12 weeks, is used as the standard assessment of glycemic control in patients with diabetes. However, some measurement principles may cause errors in HbA1c measurement. CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old male patient with hyperglycemic hyperosmotic syndrome had an extreme high blood glucose level of 2,161 mg/dL and an HbA1c level that was not measurable due to a large amount of labile HbA1c. Many institutions measure HbA1c by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We measure HbA1c using ARKRAY HA-8190V (ion-exchange HPLC) and report National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) (%). HbA1c was not measurable in this case, so we requested glycated albumin measurement as a substitute which revealed an extreme abnormal value of 64.5%. HPLC analysis revealed a large #C peak, which appeared to be labile HbA1c, before the HbA1c peak. The patient was treated with insulin therapy, and the HbA1c was measurable and was 14.1% a day after the glucose level was controlled. CONCLUSION: The report emphasiz of HbA1c measurements in situations of extreme hyperglycemia.
Association of Christian Orthodox Fasting with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors and Serum Biochemical Indices: A Cross-Sectional Study on Patients with Metabolic Diseases

Christian Orthodox fasting, a type of time-restricted diet, which presents some similarities to the Mediterranean Diet, also including certain similarities with periodic vegetarianism or other time-restricted diets (e.g., intermittent diet and Ramadan fasting), may cumulatively be related to the same or even better beneficial healthy effects as these well-recognized dietary patterns. The present study aimed to explore the potential beneficial impact of Christian Orthodox fasting in patients with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus type 2, excessive obesity, hypothyroidism and osteoporosis. This was a cross-sectional study, including 135 patients with metabolic disorders (67 fasters and 68 non-fasters). The enrolled fasters had adapted Christian Orthodox fasting recommendations for at least twelve consecutive years or even from childhood. Relevant questionnaires were used to record sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle data of the study population through face-to-face interviews between the enrolled individuals and qualified personnel during a non-fasting period. Christian Orthodox fasting patients showed a significantly and independently lower prevalence of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity, which is highly associated with cardiometabolic disease risks, as well as a significantly and independently lower incidence of hypertension, including separately lower systolic and diastolic pressure, than non-fasting patients. Fasters also had a significantly and independently increased prevalence of an advanced educational level and no smoking history, as well as a lower incidence of sedentary behavior, and a trend of a correlation with reduced c-reactive protein (CRP), an indicator of inflammation, compared to non-fasters. Fasters also exhibited higher serum albumin and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, as well as lower glucose levels, than non-fasters. This is one of the few cross-sectional studies demonstrating that Christian Orthodox fasting may promote metabolic health by improving several aspects of metabolic disorders, being associated with specific sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle factors. Further studies conducted on larger sample sizes from different countries and different ethnicities that include Christian Orthodox fasters are recommended to evaluate the impact of long-term religious fasting effects on human health, either as a preventative factor reducing the risk of chronic diseases and especially cardiometabolic disorders or as a nutritional intervention to ameliorate symptom severity.
Longitudinal Seismic Response of Metro Tunnels Crossing a Fault with Multi-Slip Surfaces

There are multiple seismic fault zones near Xi’an in China, among which the Li Piedmont Fault has multiple slip surfaces. A 3D finite element dynamic Soil–Fault–Tunnel model was established based on the engineering background of the Xi’an Metro tunnel orthogonally crossing the Li Piedmont Fault. The input seismic loads used the Chi-Chi, El-Centro, and artificial seismic waves, and the latter was artificially synthesized based on seismic conditions and site conditions of actual engineering. The Chi-Chi seismic wave with larger PGV/PGA and wider acceleration-sensitive area is a near-field seismic wave, while the others are far-field seismic waves. The seismic loads were transformed into the equivalent nodal force on the boundary nodes of the model, and nonlinear dynamic calculation was carried out to obtain the longitudinal seismic response of the structure. The main results show that the fault amplifies the seismic response of the tunnel, and the tunnel at the position of the fault slip surfaces is more vulnerable to failure, especially near the slip surface between the hanging wall and the fault, where the maximum acceleration, soil pressure, and internal force of the tunnel structure occur. In addition, the seismic response of the tunnel and soil caused by near-field seismic motion is significantly stronger than that caused by far-field seismic motion.
mHealth App Usability Questionnaire for Stand-Alone mHealth Apps Used by Health Care Providers: Canadian French Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation (Part 1)

Background An increasing number of health care professionals are using mobile apps. The mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ) was designed to evaluate the usability of mobile health apps by patients and providers. However, this questionnaire is not available in French. Objective This study aims to translate (from English to Canadian French), cross-culturally adapt, and initiate the validation of the original version of MAUQ for stand-alone mobile health apps used by French-speaking health care providers. Methods A cross-cultural research study using a well-established method was conducted to translate MAUQ to Canadian French by certified translators and subsequently review it with a translation committee. It was then back translated to English. The back translations were compared with the original by the members of the committee to reach consensus regarding the prefinal version. A pilot test of the prefinal version was conducted with a sample of 49 potential users and 10 experts for content validation. Results The statements are considered clear, with interrater agreement of 99.14% among potential users and 90% among experts. Of 21 statements, 5 (24%) did not exceed the 80% interrater agreement of the experts regarding clarity. Following the revisions, interrater agreement exceeded 80%. The content validity index of the items varied from 0.90 to 1, and the overall content validity index was 0.981. Individual Fleiss multirater κ of each item was between 0.89 and 1, showing excellent agreement and increasing confidence in the questionnaire’s content validity. Conclusions This process of translation and cultural adaptation produced a new version of MAUQ that was validated for later use among the Canadian French–speaking population. An upcoming separate study will investigate the psychometric properties of the adapted questionnaire.
Investigating Adolescent Vulnerability in Indonesia: A Socio-Remote Sensing Big Data Analytics Study Using Night Light Data

The rising prevalence of behavioral and mental health challenges among Indonesian adolescents, affecting nearly one in three, is a pressing concern intensified by constant internet exposure and heightened social comparisons. This study, using data from Indonesia’s National Socioeconomic Survey, examines the likelihood of mental health issues in adolescents, incorporating variables like mobile phone usage, emotional and behavioral disorder classifications, travel experiences, insurance ownership, maternal residence, house surface area, and night light remote sensing data. Our findings reveal that urban adolescents face a higher susceptibility to behavioral disorders compared to rural peers, with males being 1.18 times more likely to experience behavioral and emotional disturbances than females. This research validates the suitability of these variables for assessing vulnerability among adolescents. Leveraging big data analytics, it highlights the multifaceted determinants of adolescent vulnerability in Indonesia, stressing the need for targeted interventions and policies to enhance their well-being.
Budgeting Management for the Top Priority and National Priority Programs of Nawacita

Among many of the government-sector programs are the Top Priority and National Priority Programs. These programs translate the government's vision, which is known as Nawacita. It is undeniable that the Top Priority and National Priority Programs certainly require a budget. However, whether the Top Priority and National Priority programs received preferential treatment in budgeting still became an issue. For this reason, this study was intended to analyze whether there was any special treatment given to the budgeting process compared to other programs in general. This qualitative research utilized a case study model based on observations, interviews, and literature studies on Performance-Based Budgeting (PBB) management in the public sector. It was revealed that there was no special treatment for budgeting the Top Priority and National Priority Programs. This study also found several problems related to the budgeting coordination, so that activity plans were not fully following the budget. Finally, this study suggested that a greater need for budgeting skills and the importance of detailing budget information were also crucial.
Modified live vaccine strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus cause immune system dysregulation similar to wild strains

Introduction Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) emerged about 30 years ago and continues to cause major economic losses in the pork industry. The lack of effective modified live vaccines (MLV) allows the pandemic to continue. Background and objective We have previously shown that wild strains of PRRSV affect the nascent T cell repertoire in the thymus, deplete T cell clones recognizing viral epitopes essential for neutralization, while triggering a chronic, robust, but ineffective antibody response. Therefore, we hypothesized that the current MLV are inappropriate because they cause similar damage and fail to prevent viral-induced dysregulation of adaptive immunity. Methods We tested three MLV strains to demonstrate that all have a comparable negative effect on thymocytes in vitro. Further in vivo studies compared the development of T cells in the thymus, peripheral lymphocytes, and antibody production in young piglets. These three MLV strains were used in a mixture to determine whether at least some of them behave similarly to the wild virus type 1 or type 2. Results Both the wild and MLV strains cause the same immune dysregulations. These include depletion of T-cell precursors, alteration of the TCR repertoire, necrobiosis at corticomedullary junctions, low body weight gain, decreased thymic cellularity, lack of virus-neutralizing antibodies, and production of non-neutralizing anti-PRRSV antibodies of different isotypes. Discussion and conclusion The results may explain why the use of current MLV in young animals may be ineffective and why their use may be potentially dangerous. Therefore, alternative vaccines, such as subunit or mRNA vaccines or improved MLV, are needed to control the PRRSV pandemic.
Teacher learning and collaboration in a life sciences cluster in South Africa

There is increasing focus on collaborative teacher learning in South Africa. In the Mpumalanga province, the Department of Education uses cluster meetings as a model of teacher development. Clusters are groups of teachers from different schools who teach the same subject. In this article we focus on the learning activities that took place in 1 cluster of life sciences teachers during 2016 and 2017. Data were generated by observing 6 cluster meetings (at provincial, district and circuit level), and by interviewing 11 members of the cluster and 2 departmental officials. Wenger’s concepts of mutual engagement, shared repertoire and joint enterprise were used to analyse the data. The findings show that the professional learning activities that took place in the cluster meetings were mostly directed at improving the Grade 12 learners’ results. The subject advisors, rather than the teachers, initiated the learning activities. The routines and resources used also focused on improving learner results. We thus argue that a managerial discourse of professionalism underpins the cluster model of professional development, primarily providing strategies intended to improve the pass rate of the Grade 12 learners and to monitor school-based assessment, rather than supporting collaborative professional learning.
How do liquidity and leverage affect reporting delays?

This study aims to identify factors that impact the reporting delay of financial reports for listed companies. Research on late submission of reports plays an important role not only for companies (finding ways to overcome signs of late submission of reports) but also for related stakeholders. Stakeholders will look for signs that indicate the company is likely to submit reports late and make their decision. The study used regression with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors for adjustment by analyzing 753 listed companies in the Vietnam stock market from 2016 to 2020. The STATA software version 15 is used in this study. The results show that liquidity (LIQ) and leverage (LEV) have a negative impact on reporting delay, while profit (return on total assets) and financial distress (ZSCORE) have no impact on reporting delay. From these results, the author provides some implications to help company owners’ better control the issue of reporting delays. At the same time, investors can also predict the late submission of reports by companies to develop suitable investment strategies. The investor can make investment decisions when the company has not yet reported. Issues of LIQ and LEV will be a signal predicting the reporting delay of reports by the company. From there, investors will have useful information before making their investment decisions.
Efficacy and Safety of Calcifediol in Young Adults with Vitamin D Deficiency: A Phase I, Multicentre, Clinical Trial—POSCAL Study

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent, and recent evidence suggests a possible association between vitamin D deficiency and various health conditions. The aim of this study was to assess monthly calcifediol treatments for vitamin D deficiency (or biweekly, if the deficiency was severe) in a young adult population with no associated comorbidities. This multicentre phase I trial started with a four month open-label treatment phase (TP) that included 101 participants (65% women with mean age 29.8 years). Eighty-two percent of the subjects (79/96) achieved 25(OH)D levels within the target range (20–60 ng/mL) by the end of the TP, and they were subsequently randomised and subjected to a double-blind, placebo-controlled, five month follow-up phase (FP). At the end of the FP, 89% of participants maintained vitamin D levels of >20 ng/mL with calcifediol, versus 49% with placebo (p < 0.001). Subjects receiving monthly calcifediol during both phases (n = 32) maintained 25(OH)D levels >20 ng/mL, whereas those on the placebo during the FP (n = 38) exhibited deficiency levels of 25(OH)D by the end of the study. No clinically relevant changes in bone metabolism parameters or toxic 25(OH)D levels were observed, and no serious adverse events were reported throughout the study. Calcifediol is a safe and effective treatment for vitamin D deficiency in the young adult population, but long-term use may be required to sustain optimal 25(OH)D levels.
Age of Information Oriented Data Collection via Energy-Constrained UAVs in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, an age of information (AoI) oriented data collection scheme is proposed for wireless sensor networks with energy-constrained unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Different from traditional approaches that focus on one single UAV, we advocate the activation of multiple candidate UAVs to improve the AoI performances. However, coordinating multiple UAVs complicates the data collection strategies of each UAV, rendering AoI minimization a formidable challenge. To address the intractable formulated optimization problem, we propose a heuristic two-step algorithm based on greedy search for multiple UAVs. Specifically, we address the coordination of multiple UAVs through a novel algorithm grounded in graph theory and kernel K-means methods. Concurrently, we devise an energy-constrained trajectory planning algorithm to optimize data collection for each activated UAV. The numerical results validate the accuracy of the proposed algorithm, and demonstrate that both average AoI and energy consumption per UAV can be reduced when more energy-constrained UAVs are involved in the data collection process for wireless sensor networks.
Redescription of Bryobia pritchardi Rimando, 1962 (Acari: Tetranychidae), with an ontogeny of chaetotaxy

Bryobia pritchardi Rimando 1962, collected from Drymaria cordata in the Hainan province of China, is redescribed with a detailed illustration and description of all life stages. Special attention is given to ontogenetic changes, especially in leg setae, as well as intraspecific variation and asymmetry of these setae.
Designing High-Performance Identity-Based Quantum Signature Protocol With Strong Security

Due to the rapid advancement of quantum computers, there has been a furious race for quantum technologies in academia and industry. Quantum cryptography is an important tool for achieving security services during quantum communication. Designated verifier signature, a variant of quantum cryptography, is very useful in applications like the Internet of Things (IoT) and auctions. An identity-based quantum-designated verifier signature (QDVS) scheme is suggested in this work. Our protocol features security attributes like eavesdropping, non-repudiation, designated verification, and hiding sources attacks. Additionally, it is protected from attacks on forgery, inter-resending, and impersonation. The proposed scheme benefits from the traditional designated verifier signature schemes. In the proposed scheme, the signer encrypts a message with his or her private key, and the designated verifier validates the accompanying QDVS using the signer’s public key, which is the signer’s name or email address, which makes the quantum signature system’s key management simpler. It uses an entangled state while signing and verifying the signature; however, the verifier is not required to compare quantum states. A detailed comparison analysis with other similar schemes provides more security for the proposed scheme. Furthermore, the proposed scheme’s effectiveness and feasibility are validated using quantum simulations.