Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A two-way approach to supply chain partner selection

All organisations face partner selection. It is the first step in establishing partnership. Over recent decades, a one-way selection approach has been dominant in the literature. It is assumed that a buyer searches for one or more suppliers from a set of suppliers. Once the best supplier is found and selected, a partnership is formed. However, in reality, not only is the selection not a one-way process as the relationship itself is bilateral, but the existence of other buyers and suppliers also needs to be taken into account. In this study, a two-way partner selection approach is proposed, where not only the buyers evaluate suppliers, but also the suppliers have the opportunity to evaluate buyers. Considering a marketplace where there are several buyers and suppliers, an integrative model is proposed in the form of an assignment model to optimally match all the buyers and suppliers. A generalised model is also formulated to take the suppliers’ capacity and buyers’ demand into account. The proposed models are illustrated using some numerical examples. Finally, conclusions and recommendations for future research are provided.
Pulse Detonation Magnetohydrodynamic Power

A series of laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the basic engineering performance characteristics of a pulse detonation-driven magnetohydrodynamic electric power generator. In these experiments, stoichiometric oxy-acetylene mixtures seeded with a cesium ‐hydroxide/methanol spray were detonated at atmospheric pressure in a 1-m-long tube having an i.d. of 2.54 cm. Experiments with a plasma diagnostic channel attached to the end of the tube cone rmed the attainment of detonation conditions (p2/p1 » 34 and D» 2400 m/s) and enabled the measurement of current density (» 2 A/cm 2) and electrical conductivity (» 6 mho/m) behind the detonation wave front. In a second set of experiments, a 30-cm-long continuous electrode Faraday channel, having a height of 2.54 cm and a width of 2.0 cm, was attached to the end of the tube using an area transition duct. The Faraday channel was placed inside a permanent magnet assembly having a nominal magnetic induction of 0.6 T, and the electrodes were connected to an active loading circuit to characterize power-extraction dependence on load impedance while also simulating higher effective magnetic induction. The experiments indicated peak power extraction at a load impedance between 5 and 10 X . The measured peak electrical energy density ranged from 10 to 10 3 J/m 3 when the effective magnetic induction was varied from 0.6 to 4.2 T. These results were in reasonable agreement with a simple electrodynamic model incorporating a correction for near-electrode potential losses. By scaling-up to a practical-size device, limiting the near-electrode potential drop to 10% of the induced potential, and optimizing seed-atomization characteristics, we anticipate a e ve- to tenfold increase in attainable electrical energy density.
Space Vector PWM Techniques for Sinusoidal Output Voltage Generation with a Five-Phase Voltage Source Inverter

Five-phase variable-speed drives currently are considered for numerous applications, including electric and hybrid-electric vehicles, traction, and ship propulsion. If the machine is designed with a concentrated stator winding, the third stator current harmonic injection can be used to enhance the torque production and the machine needs to be supplied with the fundamental and the third harmonic of the voltage. On the other hand, if the machine is with a sinusoidally distributed winding, the supply should consist of the fundamental harmonic only. Since five-phase drives are invariably supplied from five-phase voltage source inverters (VSIs), adequate methods for VSI pulse width modulation (PWM) are required. This article analyzes different space vector PWM (SVPWM) schemes for a five-phase VSI, which can be used for five-phase motor drives with sinusoidal distribution of windings. A detailed model of a five-phase VSI is presented first in terms of space vectors and the existing technique of utilizing only large space vectors is elaborated. It is shown that this SVPWM method leads to generation of high amounts of low-order output voltage harmonics. Next, a novel SVPWM method is introduced, which enables operation with pure sinusoidal output voltages up to a certain reference voltage value, which is smaller than the maximum achievable with the given DC link voltage. To enable full utilization of the DC bus voltage, two different SVPWM schemes are further developed that can be used to extend the operation so that full utilization of the DC bus is achieved. This unavoidably leads to the generation of some low-order harmonics. These harmonics are however of significantly lower values than when only large vectors are used. A detailed performance evaluation of the existing and newly developed schemes is performed, based on the low-order harmonic content in the output voltages. Simulation results are included throughout the article to illustrate and verify the theoretical considerations.
Hybrid base‐isolation with magnetorheological damper and fuzzy control

A series of large‐scale experimental tests is conducted on a mass equipped with a base‐isolation system that consists of high damping rubber bearings (HDRB) and a 300 kN magnetorheological (MR) damper. The 21 772 kg mass and its hybrid isolation system are subjected to various intensities of near‐ and far‐fault earthquakes on a large shake table. Three proposed fuzzy controllers use feedback from displacement, velocity, or acceleration transducers attached to the structure to modulate resistance of the semi‐active damper to motion. Results from various types of passive and semi‐active control strategies are summarized and compared. The study shows that a combination of HDRB isolators and an adjustable MR damper can provide robust control of vibration for large civil engineering structures that need protection from a wide range of seismic events. Low power consumption, direct feedback, high reliability, energy dissipation, and fail‐safe operation are validated in this study. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensor Control Effectiveness and Display Design in an Imaging System for Airborne Search and Rescue

Traditionally, search and rescue (SAR) technicians have conducted search by directly viewing the terrain below the aircraft. Defence R&D Canada is developing a multi-sensor imaging system for SAR that would replace direct inspection under low visibility conditions. The operators may orient the sensors in any direction, which combined with a narrow field-of-view may induce disorientation. In addition to detecting and discriminating objects within the sensor's field-of-view, an operator is responsible for moving the sensor in such a way as to ensure that this detection and discrimination may be carried out with similar effectiveness across the entire area that needs to be searched. The present study reports the development of a metric of coverage effectiveness, and its application to two simulation experiments. The results demonstrate a trade-off between the availability of a moving-map display necessary to preserve operator orientation, and the effectiveness of an operator's sensor coverage over a specific region. That is, sensor control effectiveness was compromised by the addition of a moving-map to the display, likely due to operators' inability to simultaneously inspect the map and move the sensor appropriately. The coverage effectiveness metric reported here would be a useful tool in the development and evaluation of “smart” automation of this sensor sweep function.
Calculation Model for Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Punching Zones of Bridge Superstructure and Foundation Slabs

The usage of steel fiber reinforced concrete in monolithic joins is well known as a good alternative of additional reinforcement because of chaotic distribution of steel fibers in complex stress and strain state. Unfortunately, the analysis of well known design codes and different models even in punching case without steel fibers shows that there is no common theory in calculating punching shear strength. Existing models of punching shear strength with steel fibers are mainly based on empirical coefficients, or require direct tests, what makes the design of such structures more complicated. Besides, the analysis of elastic and plastic characteristics of steel fiber reinforced concrete is incomplete, because there is no unified, well-grounded theory to evaluate them. The aim of this paper is to present a steel fiber reinforced concrete punching shear strength model. Suggested steel fibers reinforced concrete punching shear strength model estimates the main factors, such as concrete strength, longitudinal reinforcement, steel fibers volume, type, geometric and anchoring characteristics, and also plastic strains of steel fiber reinforced concrete. The comparison of suggested model with tests results demonstrates good accuracy of the suggested model for steel fiber reinforced concrete slabs (mean value – 1.12, standard deviation – 0.08 coefficient of variation – 7%).
High speed waveguide-integrated photodiodes grown by metal organic molecular beam epitaxy

Using InP/InGaAs layers grown by metal organic molecular beam epitaxy (MOMBE) on semi-insulating (SI) InP substrate we have fabricated waveguide-integrated pin-photodiodes working on the principle of evanescent field coupling. A 3dB cutoff frequency of 9.6 GHz has been found in a 50 Ω system. The 100 μm long diodes exhibit a capacitance of < 0.1 pF at −5 V bias. In addition design criteria are given to improve the speed of the devices.
A multi-parameter Bragg grating fiber optic sensor and triaxial strain measurement

The principle of operation of a multi-parameter dual Bragg grating fiber optic sensor formed in a polarization maintaining fiber is described. The response of the sensor to separately applied longitudinal loading, transverse loading and temperature change is presented in terms of wavelength shifts of the Bragg peaks. Results of those tests are used as sensor calibration data. A model to predict the longitudinal and two orthogonal transverse strain components from measured wavelength shifts of the Bragg peaks observed in combined loading tests is described. The model is based on an assumed linear behavior between wavelength shifts and sensor loadings and uses the calibration data as input. Predictions of transverse strain are compared with applied strains in the combined loading tests and found to be inadequate for transverse strain components. A model for predicting strains is then developed to account for non-linearities between transverse loading and wavelength shifts observed in sensor calibration data. Predictions of longitudinal strain and both transverse strain components from measured wavelength shifts in combined loading are seen to be in excellent agreement with applied test strains.
Covalently Bonded Fullerene Nano-Aggregates (C60)n: Digitalizing Their Energy-Topology-Symmetry

Fullerene dimers and oligomers are attractive molecular objects with an intermediate position between the molecules and nanostructures. Due to the size, computationally assessing their structures and molecular properties is challenging, as it currently requires high-cost quantum chemical techniques. In this work, we have jointly studied energies, topological (Wiener indices and roundness), and information theoretic (information entropy) descriptors, and have obtained regularities in triad ‘energy–topology–symmetry’. We have found that the topological indices are convenient to indicating the most and least reactive atoms of the fullerene dimer structures, whereas information entropy is more suitable to evaluate odd–even effects on the symmetry of (C60)n. Quantum chemically assessed stabilities of selected C120 structures, as well as linear and zigzag (C60)n, are discussed.
Professional Training and Specialization in Conservation: An ICOMOS Viewpoint

Abstract Concern for the built heritage, its conservation and management, has emerged as a recognized field of expertise and knowledge, but remains isolated at professional level because the work is spread across a range of disciplines. ICOMOS Guidelines, Education and Training in the Conservation of Monuments, Ensembles and Sites, adopted in 1993, is widely used in the United Kingdom both as a basis for the content of conservation courses and also as a benchmark for the accreditation of conservation professionals. Conservation and management of the built heritage is being undertaken by architects, archaeologists, surveyors, town planners, engineers, historians, managers, and other disciplines. There is a rapid rise in conservation courses as demand is triggered by an increase in heritage-related work. While international conservation organizations have emerged, professional organizations with regulatory powers at national level have not been established. This paper discusses the difficulties of quality control in specialist education within the multidisciplinary framework of cultural heritage, and investigates the accreditation process from an ICOMOS viewpoint.
Neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles: proinflammatory trails and anti-inflammatory microvesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived vesicles that mediate intercellular communications. Neutrophils produce different subtypes of EVs during inflammatory responses. Neutrophil-derived trails (NDTRs) are generated by neutrophils migrating toward inflammatory foci, whereas neutrophil-derived microvesicles (NDMVs) are thought to be generated by neutrophils that have arrived at the inflammatory foci. However, the physical and functional characteristics of neutrophil-derived EVs are incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the similarities and differences between neutrophil-derived EV subtypes. Neutrophil-derived EVs shared similar characteristics regarding stimulators, generation mechanisms, and surface marker expression. Both neutrophil-derived EV subtypes exhibited similar functions, such as direct bactericidal activity and induction of monocyte chemotaxis via MCP-1. However, NDTR generation was dependent on the integrin signaling, while NDMV generation was dependent on the PI3K pathway. The CD16 expression level differentiated the neutrophil-derived EV subtypes. Interestingly, both subtypes showed different patterns of miRNA expression and were easily phagocytosed by monocytes. NDTRs induced M1 macrophage polarization, whereas NDMVs induced M2 macrophage polarization. Moreover, NDTRs but not NDMVs exerted protective effects against sepsis-induced lethality in a murine sepsis model and pathological changes in a murine chronic colitis model. These results suggest a new insight into neutrophil-derived EV subtypes: proinflammatory NDTRs and anti-inflammatory NDMVs. Key points Neutrophil-derived trails are proinflammatory extracellular vesicles that induce M1 macrophage polarization and protect against inflammation Neutrophil-derived microvesicles are anti-inflammatory extracellular vesicles that induce M2 macrophage polarization
Assessment of Dietary Supplementation Levels of Black Soldier Fly, Hemertia illucens1, Pre-Pupae Meal for Juvenile Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Abstract. A critical goal today and for the future is reducing production costs to meet increasing food requirements of the growing world population. Economical, environmentally-conscious, and sustainable aquaculture is essential to meeting the burgeoning food needs. Tilapia are an important component of the global aquaculture industry; a major challenge for the industry is reducing the use of fish oil and fish meal in tilapia production, including with different alternative items such as insects. Sex-reversed juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) (n = 2,400; 2.1 ± 0.17 g) were fed varying dietary supplementation levels (3, 6, and 9%) of black soldier fly, Hemertia illucens L. , pre-pupae meal and evaluated during 49 days in a laboratory. Growth [final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, mean biomass, total biomass, and survival], feed utilization [feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio], and feeding cost for the experimental diets were compared with those of a commercial diet. With the exception of protein efficiency ratio, diets for the other parameters analyzed did not differ. Fish fed the check and the 6% black soldier fly meal had significantly larger protein efficiency ratio values (2.66 and 2.65, respectively). Results suggested that tilapia diet could be boosted with 6% black soldier fly meal without negative effect in growth.
Thermoregulation, Haematological Profile and Productivity of Holstein Friesian Under Heat Stress at Different Land Elevations

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of heat stress on thermoregulation, haematology, and productivity of Holstein Friesian (HF) dairy cows raised in different elevations. A total of 63 HF in a normal lactation period were used in this study. The research was conducted for 3 months during dry season in three different areas, which were at Pondok Ranggon (97 m.a.s.l) which categorized as a lowland, Ciawi (576 m.a.s.l) which categorized as a lower-upland, and Lembang (1241 m.a.s.l) which categorized as an upland. Observation on microclimate aspects which includes environmental temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH) and Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) was done by recording each variable for every 2 hours starting from 08.00 to 16.00 WIB. The thermoregulation analysis was done based on the given physiological responses which consisted of the skin temperature (Ts), rectal temperature (Tr), body temperature (Tb), heart rate (Hr), respiratory rate (Rr), Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC), plasma cortisol level and haematological profile observation. The Ta, Rr, and THI measurements showed that in the lowland and lower-upland, the HF experienced moderate heat stress, while the HF raised in the upland area experienced less heat stress. The results showed that the dairy cows which raised in lowland had the highest HTC, Tr, Ts and Tb (P<0.05) and lowest Hr (P<0.05). All of the physiological and haematological parameters in the three study area showed a normal value.Furthermore, the erythrocyte, Hb and PVC concentration in a lowland raised HF were higher (P<0.05), while the plasma cortisol levels were not significantly different. The milk production of the observed dairy cows in different elevations was significantly different (P<0.05), with the highest milk yields, were found in the upland raised HF (13.1±3.52 kg), followed by the lower-upland (11.3±4.73 kg) and lowland (7.0±3.36 kg). In general, all of the HF raised in different land elevations was exposed to heat stress during dry seasons, even though the cows showed the ability to physiologically adapt and cope with the conditions.
EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS ON ODOR DISPERSION FROM ANIMAL PRODUCTION SITES

A 4.8 . 4.8 km (3 . 3 miles) grid of farmland in southern Minnesota was selected to observe odor dispersion from animal facilities as affected by atmospheric conditions. Nineteen trained resident–panelists living within or adjacent to the grid monitored odor events from June to November 1999. The panelists used a numerical 0 to 3 intensity scale (0 being no odor and 3 very strong odor) to assess the odor strength. A weather station was set at the center of the grid to collect weather data including temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, and wind direction. Odor emissions from the farms were also measured. Odors were detected more frequently in the summer than in the fall. However, very strong odors (intensity 3) were most common in the fall as a result of the removal of manure from storage basins and pits and the subsequent application of this manure onto cropland. A large majority of odor events (71%) were reported during either moderately or slightly stable atmospheric conditions (atmospheric stability classes E and F) during the evaluation period. This predictable response was further verified by the high occurrence of odor events (approximately 50%) during periods of low wind velocities (under 2.5 m/s). This result was consistent for all odor strengths (faint to very strong) identified by the reported intensities. Thus, for this particular location and animal facilities, the frequency of odor occurrences has an inverse linear relationship to the wind velocity. However, 35% of the strong odors (intensity 3) were reported under atmospheric stability class D, which indicated that neutral atmospheric condition with high wind speeds could also result in strong odors at the ground observing level.
Patterns in Soil–Vegetation–Atmosphere Systems: Monitoring, Modeling, and Data Assimilation

In this special issue, we present recent scientific work that analyzes the role of patterns in soil–vegetation–atmosphere (SVA) systems over a wide range of scales ranging from the pore scale up to mesoscale catchments. Specific attention is given to the development of novel data assimilation methods, noninvasive measurement techniques that allow mapping spatial patterns of state variables and fluxes, and two‐way coupling of models in a scale‐consistent way. “Patterns in Soil–Vegetation–Atmosphere Systems” is also the research topic of a collaborative research center (TR32) between the universities of Aachen, Bonn, and Cologne and the Forschungszentrum Jülich. In this center, which is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, on the basis of an international evaluation, scientists covering a broad range of earth science disciplines are working together. During June 11–12, 2010 the center organized its first international workshop in Aachen. The contributions presented in this special issue of Vadose Zone Journal include contributions from the collaborative research center and external contributions, both from Germany and worldwide.
Multiplier-free decimator algorithms for superresolution oversampled converters

A class of efficient linear-phase finite impulse response (FIR) decimators for attenuating the out-of-band noise generated by a high-order sigma-delta analog-to-digital modular is introduced. The stopband attenuation of these decimators is more than 120 dB. The decimators contain no general multipliers and a few data memory locations, thereby making them easily VLSI-realizable. This is achieved by using several decimation stages, with each stage containing a small number of delays and arithmetic operations. Some of the stages are constructed using low-order building blocks which are combined to give a selective filter using a few additional tap coefficients and adders. The output sampling rate of these decimators is the minimum possible one, and the proposed decimators can be used, with very slight changes, for many oversampling ratios. These decimators highly attenuate the undesired out-of-band signal components of the input signal, thus significantly relaxing the antialiasing prefilter requirements. <<ETX>>