Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of sample source (excreta or ileal digesta) and age of broiler chick on measurement of apparent metabolisable energy of local feed ingredients

The present study was designed to measure the metabolisable energy (ME) values of local feed ingredients, namely corn, rice tips, rice polish, soybean meal, canola meal and sunflower meal for commercial broilers at 18, 26 and 34 days of age using total fecal collection and external marker in ileal and fecal samples. For this purpose, 240 birds of same weight (at 11 days of age) were selected and randomly divided into 24 test groups having 10 chicks each. Six iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous rations namely corn-soybean meal (basal diet), basal diet + rice tips, basal diet + rice polish, basal diet + sunflower meal, basal diet + canola meal and corn + canola meal were prepared and each diet was fed to four test groups. The excreta were collected over a period of 48 hours on day 18, 26 and 34 days. On 34th day of age, two birds from each test group (eight birds per treatment) were randomly selected and slaughtered for collecting ileal digesta samples. Celite was used as external marker at the rate of 1% of the diet. Feed, fecal and ileal samples were analyzed for gross energy and nitrogen contents. Apparent metabolisable energy corrected to a state of nitrogen equilibrium (AMEn) of the feed was measured by difference of gross energy of feed and fecal or ileal samples. The results showed that AMEn values of corn, rice tips, rice polish, soybean meal, canola meal and sunflower meal were 3.27–3.31, 2.48–2.78, 2.62–3.0, 2.38–2.41, 1.79–1.97 and 2.18–2.44 kcal/g, respectively. The AMEn values of all ingredients did not increase with increase in age and showed no specific trend. The ME values determined using marker or total collection or ileal methods were not different. However, the ME values tended to be lower using marker than total collection method in most of the situations.
Effect of Urea-Type Cytokinins On The Adventitious Shoots Regeneration From Cotyledonary Node Explant in Thecommon Ice Plant, Mesembryanthemum Crystallinum

Abstract Mesembryanthemum Crystallinum (Common Ice Plant) Was Used As A Model Plant To Study The Regulatory Properties of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (Cam) and Tolerance To Abiotic Stresses. Although Transformation Is A Useful Genetic Approach, It Has Not Been Established in This Species Due To Recalcitrancy For Regeneration. To Establish An Efficient Procedure For Regeneration of M. Crystallinum, We Examined The Effects of Urea-Type Cytokinins, Thidiazuron (Tdz) and Forchlorofenuron (Cppu) On The Adventitious Shoot induction. Adventitious Shoots Were Generated Only From Explants Obtained From The Cotyledonary Node, Not From Explants Obtained From The Cotyledon, Hypocotyl and Roots. Urea-Type Cytokinins, Tdz and Cppu Were More Effective For The induction and The Morphogenesis of Adventitious Shoots Than Adenine-Type Cytokinin, 6-Benzyladenopurine (Ba). We Have Found That The 2.5 Mg L-1 Tdz induced The Largest Number of Multiple Shoots and The Highest Frequency of Adventitious Shoot induction From Single Explant. in Addition, Fewer Hyperhydric Shoots Were Produced On The Medium Containing Tdz Than in That Containing Ba and Cppu in The Presence of 1.0 Mg L-1 Naa. The Regenerated Shoots Rooted On The Ms Medium Within One Month, and The Rooting Was Promoted By Replacing The Agar Medium With Vermiculite Or Florialite. The Fertile Plant With Normal Morphological Properties Was Harvested For Four Months After Sowing. Using The Improved Regeneration Procedure With Tdz, We Successfully introduced A Kanamycin-Resistant Gene (Nptii-Hph) into The Cotyledonary Node Mediated By Agrobacterium Tumefaciens. These Results indicated That This Regeneration Procedure Using Cotyledonary Node Explants and Tdz Could Be Useful For The Genetic Engineering of M. Crystallinum.
Functional response and predation of Nabis kinbergii (Hemiptera: Nabidae) to Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Abstract The functional response of adult Nabis kinbergii (Hemiptera: Nabidae) to density of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) was investigated under laboratory conditions. Holling's (1959) type II model was found to be a good fit for the observed functional response of this predator. The numbers of P. xylostella consumed increased with temperature from 15 °C to 3 5 °C. The maximum number of prey killed was observed at 35 °C, with average of 10.3 and 8.3 forth instar larvae consumed by adult females and males of N. kinbergii, respectively. The predation of N. kinbergii on P. xylostella increased with successive immature stages. The number of prey consumed by predators decreased as the body size of prey increased. An average of 131 eggs or 95 larvae of P. xylostella were killed by a single of female adult in 24 hours at 24 °C. The pupae of P. xylostella were observed to be eaten by fifth instar nymphs and adults N. kinbergii in numbers of less than an average of 0.7 pupae per predator in 24 hours at 24 °C. Predation preference by N. kinbergii was also investigated. The number of P. xylostella and Myzus persicae killed by female N. kinbergii was not significantly different, but males killed significantly more P. xylostella than M. persicae. Both eggs and larvae of P. xylostella were killed in significantly greater number than those of Pieris rapae in the same feeding arena.
A quantitative evaluation of sciatic nerve stiffness after compression by shear wave elastography in diabetic rats

Background Our study investigates the feasibility of using quantitative evaluation for nerve entrapment visualization by shear wave elastography (SWE) in diabetic rats. Methods A total of 24 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were included in this study. Before injection of streptozotocin (STZ), the experimental groups were assigned as the diabetic nerve compression (DNC) group (DNC, n=18) and the control group (CON, n=6). The DNC model was created by wrapping a silicone tube around the nerve, and then the DNC group was divided into the DNC 2-week (DNC2W, n=6), 4-week (DNC4W, n=6), and 8-week (DNC8W, n=6) groups according to the different duration time of sciatic nerve compression. The nerve stiffness was detected by SWE. Meanwhile, motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was detected. These 2 indicators and histology of sciatic nerves were compared across the different groups. Results The stiffness of the nerve depicted by SWE at the compression site increased markedly along with the duration time of compression (P<0.01). The MNCV decreased along with the duration time of nerve compression (P<0.05). The nerve stiffness depicted by SWE was negatively correlated with MNCV (r=−0.926; P<0.01). Myelinated fiber density significantly decreased as the duration time of nerve compression increased (P<0.01). Some differences were found between DNC4W and DNC8W groups, and CON and DNC2W groups (P<0.05) in average axon diameter, myelin sheath thickness, and g ratio. Conclusions The increased values of SWE, along with the increased duration of nerve compression, could reflect the severity of nerve entrapment in diabetic rats. Therefore, SWE may be used as a noninvasive and effective method to quantitatively evaluate the severity of diabetic nerve entrapment.
Stylization-Based Architecture for Fast Deep Exemplar Colorization

Exemplar-based colorization aims to add colors to a grayscale image guided by a content related reference im- age. Existing methods are either sensitive to the selection of reference images (content, position) or extremely time and resource consuming, which limits their practical applica- tion. To tackle these problems, we propose a deep exemplar colorization architecture inspired by the characteristics of stylization in feature extracting and blending. Our coarse- to-fine architecture consists of two parts: a fast transfer sub-net and a robust colorization sub-net. The transfer sub- net obtains a coarse chrominance map via matching basic feature statistics of the input pairs in a progressive way. The colorization sub-net refines the map to generate the final re- sults. The proposed end-to-end network can jointly learn faithful colorization with a related reference and plausible color prediction with unrelated reference. Extensive exper- imental validation demonstrates that our approach outper- forms the state-of-the-art methods in less time whether in exemplar-based colorization or image stylization tasks.
Effect of Super Plasticizers on Fresh and Hardened State Properties of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Electrically Conductive Concrete

This study enlightens the influence of superplasticizers (SP) on the dispersion and distribution of carbon fibers in the carbon fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC) cast with a low w/c ratio. The effectiveness of Polycarboxylate ether (PCE) based SP in the enhancement of workability of concrete and deagglomeration of carbon fibers in CFRC has been studied extensively in this study. The effect of PCE based SP on the compressive strength properties and electrical properties of the CFRC were also studied. The microstructure of the CFRC specimens was also analyzed to study the impact of SP on the deagglomeration of carbon fibers in CFRC. It was observed that the inclusion of carbon fibers in the dry concrete mixes without SP showed a negative effect on the functional properties of concrete whereas the inclusion of SP in the CFRC mixes improved the mobility and viscosity of the CFRC mixes. The fresh and hardened state properties were effectively enhanced with the use of SP in the CFRC mixes. The magnitude of decrease in electrical resistance was better in SP based CFRC resulting in more electrical conductivity. The microstructure of the CFRC indicated improvement in the distribution of carbon fibers in SP based CFRC.
Acoustic telemetry to assess post-stocking dispersal and mortality of razorback sucker Xyrauchen texanus

Acoustic telemetry and scuba revealed immediate and high post-stocking mortality of razorback sucker Xyrauchen texanus in Lake Mohave, U.S.A. , a Colorado River impoundment. At the conclusion of this 6 month study, only three of 19 (16%) study fish remained active. Concurrently, 20 X. texanus implanted with acoustic transmitters and held in a hatchery raceway remained healthy throughout the experiment and no transmitters were shed. Post-stocking mortality was probably due to predation by striped bass Morone saxatilis, a piscivorous non-native fish.
Abstract: Objective: To confirm various cardiovascular manifestations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients and to observe correlation with its severity. Methodology: This prospective cross sectional study conducted at Department of TB & Chest Diseases, Hamidia Hospital, Gandhi Me

Objective: To confirm various cardiovascular manifestations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients and to observe correlation with its severity. Methodology: This prospective cross sectional study conducted at Department of TB & Chest Diseases, Hamidia Hospital, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal between March 2008 to Dec 2013. Patient having diagnosed COPD were subjected to this study. Purpose of study was explained and informed consent was obtained. Results: Total 37% (n=74) males and 4% (n=8) females were found to have cardiovascular complications in the study group. Cardiovascular manifestations were most commonly observed in very severe stage of COPD, which were 54 out of 76 (71.05%). In mild cases no patient was diagnosed with cardiovascular manifestations, moderate 4 out of 38 (10.5%) and severe disease stage 24 patients out of 62 (38.7%). Majority of the patients= 97(48.5%) were in the age group of 60-70 years, out of which 41(20.5%) were having cardiovascular complications. Likewise, 28(14%) out of 74 (37%) patients were having cardiovascular complication in the age group of 50-60 years and 13(6.5%) out of total 29(14.5%) were with cardiovascular complication in 40-50 years. Conclusion: Stage of COPD is proportional to prevalence and severity of Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Electrocardiogram (ECG) can be used for screening of COPD with most common parameters observed may be Right axis deviation, P pulmonale, and Right Ventricular Hypertrophy. 2D-Echocardiography (ECHO) may be better modality for detection of Left Ventricular dysfunction. Most common complication detected in ECHO is PAH. Duration of smoking (smoking index) increases the incidence of Cardiovascular manifestations. ECG and ECHO being noninvasive and easily available, can be routinely recommended for COPD patients.
Comparison of Nonlinear Functions using Partial Growth Data at Different Lengths of Growth Period in Awassi Lambs

Nihat Tekel1, Seyrani Koncagül2, İlkay Baritci1, Halit Deniz Şireli1, Muhittin Tutkun1, Ecevit Eyduran3 and Mohammad Masood Tariq4* 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey 2Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, 06210 Ankara, Turkey 3Department of Business Administration, Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey. 4Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology and Biotechnology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan Article Information Received 04 February 2019 Revised 28 July 2019 Accepted 11 September 2019 Available online 03 June 2020
SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS USED IN HERBAL INDUSTRIES; THEIR TOXICITY AGAINST PATHOGENIC MICROORAGANISMS

Multi-drug resistant strains of fungi and bacteria are imposing the need for new drugs. Reliable natural sources with minor side effects are needed to control anti-human pathogenic invaders specially bacteria. Given the demands for natural products that are inherently safe and environmentally compatible, the advancement in antimicrobial potential has provided a better alternative to synthetic resistance antibiotics. In the present investigation such types of medicinal plants were selected for analyses that are used by local herbal practioners for multiple diseases. Thirty three extracts of Achillea millefolium, Acorus calamus, Arnebia nobilis, Fumaria indica, Gymnema sylvestre, Origanum vulgare, Paeonia emodi, Peganum harmala, Psoralea corylifolia, Rauwolfia serpentina and Vetiveria zizanioides in chloroform, ethanol and hexane were investigated for their antimicrobial potential. These extracts were tested against eight microorganisms including four gram negative bacterial strains viz., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi, three gram positive bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus and a fungal strain viz., Candida albicans. Majority of the extracts showed marked antimicrobial potential against the tested microorganisms.
Label Distribution Learning on Auxiliary Label Space Graphs for Facial Expression Recognition

Many existing studies reveal that annotation inconsistency widely exists among a variety of facial expression recognition (FER) datasets. The reason might be the subjectivity of human annotators and the ambiguous nature of the expression labels. One promising strategy tackling such a problem is a recently proposed learning paradigm called Label Distribution Learning (LDL), which allows multiple labels with different intensity to be linked to one expression. However, it is often impractical to directly apply label distribution learning because numerous existing datasets only contain one-hot labels rather than label distributions. To solve the problem, we propose a novel approach named Label Distribution Learning on Auxiliary Label Space Graphs(LDL-ALSG) that leverages the topological information of the labels from related but more distinct tasks, such as action unit recognition and facial landmark detection. The underlying assumption is that facial images should have similar expression distributions to their neighbours in the label space of action unit recognition and facial landmark detection. Our proposed method is evaluated on a variety of datasets and outperforms those state-of-the-art methods consistently with a huge margin.
THE ODONATA OF NUMIDIA, NORTHEASTERN ALGERIA PART II SEASONAL ECOLOGY

Abstract This paper, a companion to Part I which treated status and distribution of Numidian Odonata, summarizes current knowledge of their seasonal ecology and identifies areas where promising research avenues exist. Annual patterns of adult occurrence and reproductive activity are used to infer life cycles, with particular reference to strategies that enable species to bridge the hot, dry summer, and to propose a phenological classification applicable to south-temperate north-African Odonata.
Exploring the Interface of the Type and Emotional Intelligence Landscapes

During the past 10 years, there has been considerable interest in the Type community about the relationship of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Psychological Type. Recently, attempts have been made (Dulewicz & Higgs, 1999; Higgs, 2001; Pearman, 2001a, 2001b; Lawrence, 2001; Torrington, 2001; Farnsworth, Gilbert and Armstrong, 2002; Sitarenios, 2004, Maddocks, 2004; Engstrom, 2005; Richmond, Rollins & Brown, 2005; and Thompson, 2006) to identify what relationship, if any, there is between EI and the MBTI instrument. For the most part, the results have been mixed, with the exception of Thompson (2006), in that there seems to be a positive relationship between overall EI and the MBTI scales of Extraverting and iNtuiting and mixed findings on the other preferences. Thompson’s study is the most comprehensive research on Type and EI to date and the only study to examine the MBTI Form Q facets and EI. More information about this particular study will be provided later in this article.
E. GOROWSKA-WOJTOWICZ1, P. DUTKA1, M. KUDRYCKA1, P. PAWLICKI1, A. MILON1, B.J. PLACHNO2, W. TWORZYDLO3, L. PARDYAK1, A. KAMINSKA1, A. HEJMEJ1, B. BILINSKA1, M. KOTULA-BALAK1 REGULATION OF STEROIDOGENIC FUNCTION OF MOUSE LEYDIG CELLS: G-COUPLED MEMBRANE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR AND PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-A

Leydig cells are interstitial cells located adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testes. These cells produce the sex steroid hormone, testosterone, under the pulsatile control of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH). Steroidogenesis consists of initial cholesterol mobilization from lipid droplets and/or the plasma membrane and/or de novo synthesis (by the rate-limiting enzymes 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase 1 (HMGCS1) and reductase (HMGCR)). Cholesterol is then transported into the mitochondria, converted to pregnenolone, which is subsequently converted into the final steroid products by enzymes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (1). LH plays two essential roles in Leydig cell steroidogenesis: it maintains optimal levels of steroidogenic enzymes (trophic regulation) and mobilizes and transports cholesterol into the inner mitochondrial membrane (acute regulation) with the involvement of intermediate molecules (e.g. cAMP-dependent kinase, PKA; acute steroidogenic regulatory protein, StAR; translocator protein, TSPO). Steroid biosynthesis is finely regulated by the phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of intermediate molecules, as well as number of signaling molecules involving receptor proteins (2). Thereby, many cellular responses, including steroid hormone action, require coordinated cross-talk between phosphorylating protein kinases and phosphatase activity. The use of chemical agents that perturb the polymerization of cytoskeletal proteins has shed light on a key role for microfilaments and microtubules in the uptake and transport of cholesterol in steroidogenic cells. Sewer and Li (3) reported that mitochondria trafficking is dependent on microtubules, resulting in steroid hormone production at the step of cholesterol delivery to mitochondria. Thus, in steroidogenic cell activity, proper cytoskeletal function guarantees effective sex steroid production. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that are closely related to thyroid hormone or retinoid receptors. To date, three subtypes of PPARs have been described in amphibians, rodents, and humans: PPARα, PPARβ (also known as PPAR-δ), and PPARγ (4). PPARs target genes encoding enzymes involved in peroxisome and mitochondria function as well as action of the fatty acids, apolipoproteins, and lipoprotein lipase. Therefore, role of PPARs in lipid metabolism JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018, 69, 3, 373-390 www.jpp. krakow.pl | DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2018. 3.04
Cereal Grain Structure and Development: Some Implications for Quality

Abstract The grains of cultivated grasses that are conventionally described as cereals share many structural and developmental features. At the same time they are distinguished, one from another, by many individual characteristics, which fit them for different types of processing. In this review an attempt is made to describe common characteristics and to identify significant variables, both among and within species, that influence the grains» fitness for processing. A fruit is defined by every component part, but research has been concentrated disproportionately on those components perceived as being of greatest importance. For the continuation of the species the only essential component is the embryo, but for exploitation by humans the largest component, the endosperm, is the most important. It is inevitable that this review reflects the uneven emphasis of the literature on which it is based. A further justification for the bias is the potential that endosperm offers, by virtue of its simplicity, as a model whereby fundamental mechanisms of cell behaviour and control might be elucidated. This has already been recognised by a few but benefit may result from its wider appreciation.
Variation in Root Morphological and Physiological Traits and Nutrient Uptake of Chickpea Genotypes

ABSTRACT Plant nutrients such as potassium (K), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) mostly remain fixed in soils and their bio-availability to plant roots is diffusion-limited. Hence, superior root traits, that can enhance their dissolution and capture from the soils, can play a central role in its productivity. Root morphological (root length and root hairs) and physiological traits (root exudation of protons and phosphatase enzymes) of ten selected varieties/breeding lines of chickpea (Bari-chhola-3, Bari-chhola-4, Bari-chhola-5, Bari-chhola-6, Bari-chhola-7, Bari-chhola-8, BGM-E7, ICCV-98926, ICCV-94924, and ICCV-98916) were studied and related them to the uptake of the nutrients in a pot experiment. There were significant (P < 0.05) genotypic differences in root length (RL) and root hair length (RHL). The RL ranged between 70 m plant− 1 and 140 m plant− 1. The variation in RHL was significant (P < 0.05) and it ranged between 0.58 ± 0.09 mm (Bari-chhola-5) and 0.26 ± 0.09 mm. The root hair density (RHD, number mm− 1root) varied between 13 ± 2 and 21 ± 3 among the genotypes. The presence of root hairs increased the effective root surface area (e.g., Bari-chhola-5) up to twelve times. The genotypes differed in their ability to acidify the rooting media in laboratory agar studies, with Bari-chhola-5 inducing most acidification followed by Bari-chhola-3. The ability of Bari-chhola-5 to acidify the rhizosphere was also confirmed by embedding in situ roots in the field in an agar-agar solution containing pH indicator dye Bromocresol purple. The genotypes did not differ for induction of acid phosphatase activity (Aptase) in the rooting media. The genotypes inducing greater acidification and possessing prolific root hairs (Bari-chhola-3 and Bari-chhola-5) absorbed significantly higher amounts of the nutrients K, P, Fe, Mn, and Zn, whose availability in soils is usually low. The results suggest that a collective effect of superior morphological and physiological root traits confers better nutrition of chickpea genotypes in low-nutrient soils.