Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
InAs Nanowire Devices and Circuits

Since the introduction of the transistor and the integrated circuit, the semiconductor industry has developed at a remarkable pace. By continuously fabricating smaller and faster transistors, it has been possible to maintain an exponential increase in performance, a phenomenon famously described by Moore’s Law. Today, billions of transistors are integrated on a single chip and the size of a transistor is on the scale of tens of nanometres. Until recently, the improvements in performance and integration density have been mostly driven by scaling down the transistor size. However, as the length scale is rapidly approaching that of only a few atoms, this scaling paradigm may not continue forever. Instead, the research community, as well as the industry, is investigating alternative structures and materials in order to further increase the performance. One emerging technology for use in future electronic circuits is transistors based on nanowires. The nanowire transistor structure investigated in this work combines a number of key technologies to achieve a higher performance than traditional Si-based transistors. Epitaxially grown nanowires are naturally oriented in the vertical direction, which means that the devices may be fabricated from the bottom and up. This three-dimensional structure allows a higher integration density and enables the gate to completely surround the channel in a gate-all-around configuration. Combined with a high-k dielectric, this results in an excellent electrostatic gate control. Furthermore, nanowires have the unique ability to combine semiconductor materials with significantly different lattice constants. By introducing InAs as a channel material, a much higher electron mobility than for Si is achieved. In this work, simulations of nanowire-based devices are performed and the ultimate performance is predicted. A nanowire transistor architecture with a realistic footprint is proposed and a roadmap is established for the scaling of the device structure, based on a set of technology nodes. Benchmarking is performed against competing technologies, both from a device and circuit perspective. The physical properties of nanowire transistors, and the corresponding capacitor structure, are investigated by band-structure simulations. Based on these simulations, a ballistic transport model is used to derive the intrinsic transistor characteristics. This is combined with an extensive evaluation and optimization of the parasitic elements in the transistor structure for each technology node. It is demonstrated that an optimized nanowire transistor has the potential to operate at terahertz frequencies, while maintaining a low power consumption. A high quality factor and extremely high integration density is predicted for the nanowire capacitor structure. It is concluded that InAs nanowire devices show great potential for use in future electronic circuits, both in digital and analogue applications.
Dry kiln : operator's manual

2) A Change Page may be included at the end of the manual. All applicable changes and revision number changes are documented with reference to the equipment serial numbers. Before using this Instruction Manual, check your equipment serial number to identify your model. If in doubt, contact your nearest Kepco Representative, or the Kepco Documentation Office in New York, (718) 461-7000, requesting the correct revision for your particular model and serial number.
The Coming Robot Revolution: Expectations and Fears About Emerging Intelligent, Humanlike Machines

This book discusses the emergence of humanlike robots into our everyday world. It covers the trends, possibilities, and concerns we will all feel with their emergence. Robots will walk, talk, and look ever more like people, and with the speed at which new technologies develop, this may happen very soon. Robots will be in homes, in space, in workplaces, in hospitals--everywhere. Their capabilities will soon surpass what has been usually considered science fiction. In what directions will the technology be taking us, and how will the presence of these robots challenge our identity? This book explores the fascinating implications of robot technology while alerting of its possibly disturbing flipside.
Pupils views of school and popular culture, their opinions of design and technology at Key Stage 3 and their perception of its relevance for their futures

This study arose from research into the educational value of 3-D sketch modelling conducted in a rural community college. To provide a context for their work, the researchers conducted detailed structured interviews with 18 14-year-olds. These covered their views of school, of design and technology as a sub- ject and of a specific project to design and make knock down furniture. In addition, the researchers were able to construct a 'snapshot' of each child's interests, aspirations and cultural background. The results proved to be worth further analysis separately from the modelling research. The findings bear out the results of a much larger sample undertaken by Tyers as part of the Crafts Council Learning Through Making project. Design and technology, and particularly making, appear to be universally enjoyed by pupils. However, they rate it as of minor importance in their general educa- tion. In this study, because of the more detailed interview technique, the researchers are able to relate this gen- eral conclusion to the children's own awareness of fashion and design, their personal making activities, and contemporary children's culture. Against this background it is all the more surprising that young teenagers do not see design and technology as relevant to their lives now and in the future.
Fiscal Policy & Real Sector Output in Nigeria: 1994- 2019

: This study examined the effect of fiscal policy implementation on the real sector of the Nigerian economy. An econometric model was estimated using the method of ordinary least squares and data were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN’s) statistical bulletin for the period 1994-2019. The independent variables were government capital expenditure, government recurrent expenditure, and tax revenue, while the dependent variable was the real sector GDP. The study also tested the null hypotheses that fiscal policy has no significant relationship with real GDP From our findings, Capital Expenditure did not have a significant relationship with the Nominal GDP of the Real Sector, which means that changes in Capital Expenditure did not contribute significantly in predicting the growth of the real sector. On the other hand, Recurrent Expenditure and Tax Revenue were statistically significant to the real sector GDP. Also, our results show that all the predictor variables were jointly significant at the 0.05 level. Therefore, the study recommended that measures be put in place for a more coordinated approach to fiscal policy implementation and a sustainable plan to limit and control the level of government borrowing in order to avoid undesirable effects that comes with government crowding out the private sector.
Abstract

The transition from high school to college is never an easy process. New freedoms and new independence provides for an exciting first year. There is no debate as to the importance of starting college off well. However, juggling these new opportunities with increased academic rigor is not an easy process. Several authors have described the importance of peer relationships and participation in social networks as key to reducing some of the stress involved in the transition process. Employing a phenomenological method of analysis, this study investigated the composition of those social networks. Having an increased understanding of who comprises these groups provides higher education administrators with more opportunities to alleviate transition difficulty. This study combines interviews and observations, conducted in various campus locations, to identify potential phenomena within these student relationships. Unique occurrences are presented in text, as well as graphic representation when possible.
Safety and efficacy of intravenous oxycodone in geriatric patients undergoing general anesthesia for ophthalmic surgeries:a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThe present study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of intravenous oxycodone with fentanyl in geriatric patients undergoing general anesthesia for ophthalmic surgeries.Methods107 geriatric patients (age 65-79 years old) with the ASA physical status 1 or 2 undergoing general anesthesia for glaucoma or retina surgeries between May 2016 and November 2017 were divided into three groups: Group O1, Group O2, and Group F. After exclusion, 105 patients were included for the final analysis, with 35 patients in each group. Oxycodone (0.1 mg/kg in Group O1, or 0.2 mg/kg in Group O2) or fentanyl (2 mcg/kg in Group F) was administered intravenously during induction of general anesthesia. Patient demographics, surgical time and anesthesia time, perioperative hemodynamic parameters and requirement of vasoactive medication, postoperative pain and requirement of rescue analgesics, postoperative sedation level and recovery time, and perioperative complications were recorded.ResultsPatients in Group O1 experienced less clinically significant hypotension compared to either Group F or Group O2. Consistently, patients in Group O1 required less intraoperative vasoactive medication (ephedrine) than those in Group F. The postoperative pain on extubation was more severe and more patients required rescue analgesia in Group F compared to Group O2, but not Group O1. The recovery time was longer and sedation level was higher in Group O2 than Group F or O1. The incidence of hypoxia during postoperative recovery was higher in Group O2 than Group F or O1.ConclusionOxycodone at 0.1mg/kg can be a safe and effective application for geriatric patients undergoing general anesthesia for ophthalmic surgeries, with adequate pain control and less side effects.
Fungal diseases of amenity turf grasses.

The establishment and maintenance of amenity turf requires ever-increasing expenditure of money and labour time, especially on the high quality turf required for sports surfaces. Disease control is a major factor in turf management. This book, the third completely updated edition of a manual first published by the Sports Turf Research Institute, deals with the fungal diseases which are major causes of injury to amenity turf from the cold northern regions to the tropics. This book should be of interest to professional turf managers and plant pathologists; parks and garden professionals, golf course and sports facilities managers.
Investigating Sustainability-oriented Practices in Malaysian Oil Palm Cooperatives: A Construct Validation Method Using Confirmatory Composite Analysis

Sustainability-oriented Practices (SOP) is a novel theme in the developing countries, particularly in the context of oil palm cooperatives. However, limited knowledge is observed about the achievements of sustainability agenda in oil palm cooperatives. Oil palm cooperatives are democratically controlled and voluntarily member-owned business to assist smallholders in managing their oil palm farms. This study concentrates on oil palm cooperatives because of the numerous sustainability conundrums, such as deforestation, and biodiversity endangerment, associated with this sector, and the dearth of the holistic SOP that applies to the smallholders to mitigate these issues. Consequently, the hierarchical component model of SOP is not properly proven, and this warrants the crucial need for a comprehensive method and homogenous classification of measures. This study aims to estimate and validate the SOP of oil palm cooperatives by confirming SOP as a higher-order component in the context of the Malaysian palm oil sector. Data was obtained from 185 board members of the oil palm cooperatives. Consequently, this data was analysed using confirmatory composite analysis (CCA) following a visible trend in applying partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Substantial results were drawn from the CCA, therefore justifying the higher-order component of SOP. The first and second level reliability and validity assessment revealed that oil palm cooperatives implemented SOP, with varying levels of consideration to social, economic, and environmental dimensions. Environmental dimension emerged as the least critical, while the social dimension is the most prioritised. This study contributes to the sustainability, cooperative, and palm oil sector literature by presenting the earliest studies of its kind that focus on sustainability of oil palm cooperatives using a hierarchical component model. This study shed new light on the phenomena of sustainability orientation that portrays SOP as pertinent to enhance the resilience of the oil palm cooperatives.
Design of inclined loaded drilled shafts in high-plasticity clay environment.

Drilled shaft foundations are principally used to support many structures such as bridge piers, towers, buildings, transmission towers, and roadway cable barriers. This research focuses on the use of drilled shafts in the cable median barrier systems which play an important role in protecting people’s lives due to cross-over collisions on highways. During December 2006 to February 2007, several failures of 3-cable median barrier (TL-3) were observed in Kaufman County near Dallas without any traffic-related vehicular impacts. Preliminary investigation of failures showed that failed drilled shafts were located in high plasticity clay. Causes of failures are attributed to cold temperature induced shrinkage in the cables that increased in the tension in them, soil saturation due to long periods of rainfall and small sizes of drilled shafts used. Various sizes of drilled shafts were established and constructed in an environment similar to the one in which foundation distress was observed. Geotechnical sampling and laboratory testing were performed, and a new test setup for the application of an inclined tensile loading on drilled shafts was designed to simulate the loading under real field conditions. The capacities of different sizes of drilled shafts from field test were tested and measured under this setup. Once good simulation was obtained, the models are used for various foundation dimensions and various undrained shear strengths of soils which, in turn, provided results that are used in the development of foundation design charts. Additionally, construction guidelines and recommendation for periodic maintenance are provided in this report.
Tumor resection reduced circulating tumor cell dissemination

Background: Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. Whether to perform tumor resection or non-resection remains controversial face different types. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) which are classified into three subpopulations epithelial (E-CTC), mesenchymal (M-CTC), and epithelial mesenchymal (E/M-CTC) based on expression of specificity biomarker.Methods: We identified CTCs using CanPatrol CTC enrichment technique from peripheral blood samples of 930 patients with tumor resection or non-resection. Patients were divided into two groups: Resection (n=615) and Non-resection (n=315). The relationship between tumor resection and count of CTCs were studied by using correlation analysis.Results: The mean patient age was 57.52 years (range, 17–87 years). Univariate analysis tumor resection could significantly reduce the number of total CTC cells (hazard ratio，HR, 0.92, 95% confidence interval, CI= 0.903-0.937; P < 0.001), the E-CTC cells (HR, 0.889, 95% CI= 0.837-0.944; P < 0.001), the M-CTC cells (HR, 0.799, 95% CI= 0.735-0.869; P < 0.001), and the E/M-CTC cells (HR, 0.908, 95% CI= 0.888-0.928; P < 0.001). Furthermore, correlation analysis between total CTC and E-CTC, M-CTC, and E/M-CTC, the pearson correlation coefficient was 0.467, 0.458, and 0.963, respectively.Conclusions: In conclusion，the tumor resection can reduce the number of CTCs in peripheral blood.
EFFECTS OF ACTUATED SIGNAL SETTINGS AND DETECTOR PLACEMENT ON VEHICLE DELAY

In this paper, the EVIPAS simulation and optimization model was used to analyze vehicle-actuated traffic signals. The variables studied were detector type and placement and the settings were for minimum green and vehicle extension. The evaluation criterion was minimum average vehicle delay. The study shows that the optimum design of a vehicle-actuated signal is specific for some variables but is relatively unaffected by others. The design is critical only for high traffic volumes. At low volumes, vehicle delay is relatively unaffected by the design parameters studied in this paper. The most critical variable is vehicle extension, particularly for passage detectors, where it should be at least 4.0 seconds regardless of detector placement and approach speed. For a presence detector, a short vehicle extension is recommended provided the detector is at least 60 ft in length. A length of 80 ft is preferred. For minimum green, the conventional design practice gives the best delay outputs.
Numerical Procedure for the Investigation of Combustion Dynamics in Industrial Gas Turbines: LES, RANS and Thermoacoustics

The necessity for a combustion system to work with premixed flames and its capability to cope with rapid load variations avoiding the occurrence of thermo-acoustic instabilities, has led to investigate the complex dynamic phenomena that occur during combustion. Thanks to numerical simulations it is possible to examine these complex mechanisms getting useful information to optimize the combustion system. The aim of this work is to describe a numerical procedure developed in Ansaldo Energia for the investigation of combustion dynamics occurring in Ansaldo Energia gas turbines.In this paper, firstly the experimental apparatus of a full scale atmospheric test rig equipped with Ansaldo Energia burner is described. Secondly, the flame behavior is studied by means of a Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Once the LES has reached a statistically stationary state, a forcing is added to the system to compute the Flame Transfer Function (FTF), in terms of amplitude n and delay time τ, related to initial phases of humming. Thirdly, the forced flame simulations are used as the input of an Helmholtz solver to analyze the acoustic behavior of the system, which is then compared to experimental data. Finally, to evaluate the feasibility of a less computationally intensive approach, a RANS simulation of the same configuration is described and the results are transferred to FEM (Finite Element Method) Helmholtz solver: a comparison between the LES approach and the RANS approach is carried out with reference to the experimental data.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Vitamin D status in adults and children in Transcarpathia, Ukraine

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem, it is assessed by measuring serum 25(OH)D, nevertheless epidemiological data for many countries remains underreported.Objectives: To study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency throughout the calendar year in a large cohort recruited in a multiethnic Transcarpathian region of Ukraine.Methods: In this retrospective study 25(OH)D serum concentration was measured during all 12 months of the years 2019 by electrochemoluminescent assay “Elecsys Vitamin D total”, Roche® (Germany) on the automatic analyzer Cobas e411 in 1,823 subjects, including both children and adults (1551 females (85.03%) and 273 males (14.97%)). Results: Mean 25(OH) D concentration in adults shows significantly lower levels compared to children (22.67±8.63 ng/ml vs. 26.00±10.72 ng/ml respectively, p=0.00001). Adult women expressed significantly lower mean year serum 25(OH) D concentration in comparison to men (22.29±8.46 ng/ml vs. 25.75±9.38 ng/ml respectively, p= 0.0000003). On the other hand, children did not show a significant difference between sexes (girls 24.98±10.38 ng/ml vs. boys 27.01±11.01 ng/ml, p=0.2003). In the winter months, 25(OH)D levels fell below 20 ng/ml in 51,74 % of adult population of Thranscarpathia, and in 12.91%, - below 12 ng/ml.Conclusions: The results of this study contradict the previously reported evaluations of the vitamin D levels in Ukraine assessed by measuring serum 25(OH)D. Specifically, only around half of the studied population is vitamin D deficient during “low” winter season. This study features the most representative sample size in Ukraine to date.
Risk Analysis for Aging Aircraft Fleets. Volume 1: Analysis

Abstract : This report presents a detailed description of the computer programs Probability of Fracture (PROF), which was written to quantify structural risks associated with the timing of inspection, replacement, and retirement decisions for aging fleets of aircraft. The programmed methodology calculates the history of a growing population of metallic fatigue cracks in zones of equivalent stress experience in the fleet. It accounts for inspection uncertainty and the repair of cracks that are detected. The risk assessment addresses both safety and durability. Safety is quantified in terms of the probability of a fracture resulting from the maximum load in a flight exceeding the critical stress intensity factor. Durability is quantified in terms of the expected number and sizes of the cracks to be detected and repaired at each inspection/maintenance cycle and the expected cost of these repairs. The input to the program is obtainable from existing damage tolerance analyses, individual aircraft tracking histories, loads/environment spectra surveys and maintenance data files. Aging Aircraft, Aircraft Structures, Risk Analysis, Reliability.
Developing a hazard risk assessment framework for the New Zealand state highway network

Designing a comprehensive risk management framework for networked systems, such as the road network, presents significant challenges, balancing capturing the complexities of hazard impacts on road network reliability with a framework that is cost-effective, achievable, and likely to be taken up and used by those people actively managing the road network. This report, summarising research undertaken in 2003/04, suggests a framework for meeting these challenges in assessing road closure risks to the State Highway network. The framework uses a walkthrough scenario approach, where hazard events throughout New Zealand are randomly simulated over a long time scale, giving a simulated data set for probabilistic analysis of total risk. In addition, this report provides a summary of relevant hazard data available in New Zealand at the present time, and data that is expected to become available within the next few years. The report also provides an overview of socio-economic impacts of road closures that could be captured in the assessment, including a suggested approach for estimating secondary economic effects of transportation disruption. (a)