Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Case of Druze Society and its Integration in Higher Education in Israel

In this work, we elaborate on the changes and transformations in the Israeli education system (including higher education) from Israel’s independence in 1948 to 2019. Specifically, the study places special emphasis on developments commencing in 1976 in response to the establishment of a separate administrative division for Druze and Circassian Education in the Ministry of Education, and division’s impact on the rate of youngsters who earn matriculation certificates and the number of Druze students attending higher education institutions. of the study analyzes the administrative separation of Druze education in the education system and its effect on the integration of Druze youngsters in higher education in Israel. The current study contributes to our understanding of the development of the Druze education system as a distinct unit in the Israeli Ministry of Education. The findings of this study and its conclusions will contribute to policymakers in the Ministry of Education in general, and policymakers concerning Druze education specifically, seeking to improve educational achievements and apply the insights of the current study to other minority groups to which higher education has become increasingly accessible in recent years.
The conspiracy hoax? Testing key hypotheses about the correlates of generic beliefs in conspiracy theories during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Conspiracy beliefs are ubiquitous in the current COVID‐19 pandemic. This may be because they directly affect own and others' health and economic outcomes due to detrimental effects on preventive behaviour. We aimed to (a) test key hypotheses on the correlates of generic beliefs in conspiracy theories in this high‐threat real‐life setting, (b) examine the role of trust in mediating effects of conspiracy beliefs on preventive behaviour, and (c) thereby inform the public health response. Using cross‐sectional data (N = 1013) from the German COVID‐19 monitoring we tested the relationships between conspiracy beliefs and (a) social and economic worries, (b) trust in media, the government, public health institutions, and science, and (c) hygiene‐related and contact‐related preventive behaviour. Results were in line with expectations apart from null findings for the relationships with social worries and hygiene‐related preventive behaviour. Trust in government mediated effects of conspiracy beliefs on contact‐related preventive behaviour.
Toward an international practical pressure scale: A proposal for an IPPS ruby gauge (IPPS-Ruby2020)

ABSTRACT At the 26th AIRAPT conference in 2017, a task group was formed to work on an International Practical Pressure Scale (IPPS). This report summarizes the activities of the task group toward an IPPS ruby gauge. We have selected three different approaches to establishing the relation between pressure (P) and ruby R1-line shift (Δλ) with three groups of optimal reference materials for applying these approaches. Using a polynomial form of the second order, the recommended ruby gauge (referred as Ruby2020) is expressed by: , where λ0 is the wavelength of the R1-line near 694.25 nm at ambient condition. In June of 2020, the Executive Committee of AIRAPT endorsed the proposed Ruby2020. We encourage high-pressure practitioners to utilize Ruby2020 within its applicable pressure range (up to 150 GPa), so that pressure data can be directly compared across laboratories and amended consistently as better scales emerge in the future.
Behavioral Economics and Government Purchases – Some Insights into the Fiscal Psychology of Public Expenditure

Submitted : 03.04. 2020 Revised : 02.07. 2020 Accepted : 07.07. 2020 Available : 24.07. 2020 Behavioral economics have increased acceptance in public finance, thus challenging the neoclassical approach to human decision-making. However, so far, behavioral economics' fundamental results on cognitive heuristics, illusions, and biases with respect to human information processes, judgments, and choices were primarily applied to the analysis of taxation and public debt. In contrast, up to now equivalent examinations of public expenditure are not very common. The paper offers a review of the existing behavioral economic research on public spending and government expenditure policy to address this shortcoming. iThenticate similarity score: 4%
Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Centromere Protein K Can Serve as Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of all lung cancer cases, which have been a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Previous studies demonstrated that centromere proteins were dysregulated and involved in regulating the tumorigenesis and development of human cancers. However, the roles of centromere protein family members in NSCLC remained to be further elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the roles of centromere protein family members in NSCLC. GEPIA (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) was used to analyze the target’s expression between normal and human cancers. We explored the prognostic value of centromere proteins in NSCLC using the Kaplan–Meier plotter (http://kmplot.com). The protein-protein interaction among centromere proteins were determined using GeneMANIA (http://www.genemania.org). TISIDB (http://cis.hku.hk/TISIDB) database was used to detect the relationship between centromere proteins expression and clinical stages, lymphocytes, immunomodulators and chemokines in NSCLC. The DAVID database (https://david.ncifcrf.gov) was used to detect potential roles of CENPK using its co-expressing genes The present study for the first time showed that centromere protein family members including CENPA, CENPF, CENPH, CENPI, CENPK, CENPM, CENPN, CENPO, CENPQ, CENPU were dysregulated and correlated to the poor prognosis of patients with LUAD. CENPK showed the greatest correlation with the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. We found that CENPK was significantly highly expressed in LUAD samples and overexpression of CENPK was remarkably correlated to the shorter OS and DFS on patients with different stage NSCLC. Of note, this study for the first time showed that CENPK was significantly correlated to the lymphocytes and immunomodulators using the TISIDB database In summary, CENPK can serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with NSCLC.
USING EDUCATIONAL DIGITAL TOOLBOX IN E-LEARNING tO BOOST STUDENTS’ READING MOTIVATION IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study aimed at investigating the use of educational digital toolbox in e-learning to motivate college students’ reading motivation, such as recognizing ideas, comprehending texts using graphics, images, and charts, audio, audio-visual and video to personal experience, opinion or evaluation. The study attempted the qualitative method . The instrument used was a questionnaire which were prepared for the purpose and which was administered to 84 students at Indraprasta university, majoring in English education department in South Jakarta, during March and April 2020. The result of this study shows most of students boost their reading motivation by using educational digital toolbox in e-learning process. Give the new perspective that language students can be motivated to use long distance learning more active and more interactive, as well as enrich their learning experiences. Moreover, using appropriate pedagogical implementations such as effective digital toolboxes, interesting reading topics and students’feedback can boost students’ reading motivation with the changing learning trend.
Multi-level analyses on the nearest-first matching policy of on-demand chauffeured ride-hailing service

Abstract On-demand ride-hailing services have received widespread interest from industry and academic. However, very few researches have empirically investigated the matching policy of ride-hailing platforms with real data. This study contributes in developing multi-level regression models to evaluate the nearest-first matching policy with real-world city-wide data collected from a ride-hailing platform UCAR in China. Specifically, after observing spatial-temporal patterns and the inherently hierarchical structure of the data, we propose multi-level logistics regression models for separately predicting the matching probabilities of passengers’ trip requests in the off-peak, eve-peak, and morning-peak hours, where trip requests are grouped by the origins and destinations with cross-classification. The intercepts and slopes in the models can vary with the groups. The multi-level models are verified to be more appropriate and accurate than the traditional logistics regression models. The multi-level models can identify heterogeneous effects of the predicting variables on the matching policy among the groups and allow the discovery of many new findings on matching policy. These findings provide valuable policy implications for ride-hailing platforms to design an improving matching policy.
Does Item Difficulty Affect the Magnitude of the Retrieval Practice Effect? An Evaluation of the Retrieval Effort Hypothesis

Abstract Retrieving information by testing improves subsequent retention more than restudy, a phenomenon known as the retrieval practice effect. According to the retrieval effort hypothesis (REH), difficult items require more retrieval effort than easier items and, consequently, should benefit more from retrieval practice. In two experiments, we tested this prediction. Participants learned sets of easy and difficult Swahili–Portuguese word pairs (study phase) and repeatedly restudied half of these items and repeatedly retrieval practiced the other half (practice phase). Forty-eight hours later, they took a cued-recall test (final test phase). In both experiments, we replicated both the retrieval practice and the item difficulty effects. In Experiment 1 (N = 51), we found a greater retrieval practice effect for easy items, MDifference = . 26, SD = . 17, than for difficult items, MDifference = . 19, SD = . 19, t(50) = 2.01, p = . 05, d = 0.28. In Experiment 2 (N = 28), we found a nonsignificant trend—F(1, 27) = 2.86, p = . 10, $$ {\upeta}_{\mathrm{p}}^2 $$ = . 10—toward a greater retrieval practice effect for difficult items, MDifference = . 28, SD = . 22, than for easy items, MDifference = . 18, SD = . 21. This was especially true for individuals who benefit from retrieval practice (difficult: MDifference = .32, SD = .18; easy: MDifference = .20, SD = .20), t(24) = –2.08, p = . 05, d = –0.42. The results provide no clear evidence for the REH and are discussed in relation to current accounts of the retrieval practice effect.
Numerical simulation of the combined effects of thermophoretic motion and variable thermal conductivity on free convection heat transfer

In the current research, the effect of thermophoretic motion combined with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity on natural convection flow around the surface of a sphere at several circumferential locations has been presented. The modeled nonlinear governing partial differential has been transformed into a dimensionless form with the help of appropriate non-dimensional variables. Later, the finite difference method is applied to solve the proposed model. The effect of controlling parameters, such as thermal conductivity variation parameter γ, Prandtl number Pr, Schmidt number Sc, thermophoretic coefficient k, and thermophoresis parameter Nt on the velocity field, temperature distribution, mass concentration, skin friction, rate of heat transfer, and rate of mass transfer has been highlighted. The estimations of the emerging parameters on the physical properties are displayed in graphical and in tabular forms. It has been predicted that the rise in γ, Nt, Sc, Pr, and k increases the velocity distribution, but the reverse behavior has been seen in the temperature field. The enhancement in Nt, Sc, Pr, and k boosts up the curves of mass concentration, and the rise in γ suppresses the concentration function. It has been observed that an increase in γ reduces the skin friction and the rate of mass transfer but opposite behavior of the rate of heat transfer occurs. Furthermore, increasing values of Sc cause the skin friction to lose the dominance in the rate of heat and mass transfer. It has been also noticed that increasing values of Nt strengthen the skin friction and rate of heat transfer, and attenuation occurs in the case of the rate of mass transfer.
Measurement report: Long-term variations in carbon monoxide at a background station in China's Yangtze River Delta region

Abstract. This study analyzed the long-term variations in carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratios from January 2006 to December 2017 at the Lin'an regional atmospheric background station (LAN; 30.3∘ N, 119.73∘ E, 138 m a.s.l.) in China's Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. The CO mixing ratios were at their highest (0.69 ± 0.08 ppm) and lowest (0.54 ± 0.06 ppm) in winter and summer, respectively. The average daily variation in CO exhibited a double-peaked pattern, with peaks in the morning and evening and a valley in the afternoon. A significant downward trend of −11.3 ppb yr−1 of CO was observed from 2006 to 2017 at the LAN station, which was in accordance with the negative trends of the average CO mixing ratios and total column retrieved from the satellite data (Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere, MOPITT) over the YRD region during the same period. The average annual CO mixing ratio at the LAN station in 2017 was 0.51 ± 0.04 ppm, which was significantly lower than that (0.71 ± 0.12 ppm) in 2006. The decrease in CO levels was largest in autumn (−15.7 ppb yr−1), followed by summer (−11.1 ppb yr−1), spring (−10.8 ppb yr−1), and winter (−9.7 ppb yr−1). Moreover, the CO levels under relatively polluted conditions (the annual 95th percentiles) declined even more rapidly (−22.4 ppb yr−1, r=-0.68, p<0.05) from 2006 (0.91 ppm) to 2017 (0.58 ppm), and the CO levels under clean conditions (the annual 5th percentiles) showed decreasing evidence but not statistically significant (r=-0.41, p=0.19) throughout the years. The long-term decline and short-term variations in the CO mixing ratios at the LAN station were mainly attributed to the implementation of the anthropogenic pollution control measures in the YRD region and to events like the Shanghai Expo in 2010 and Hangzhou G20 in 2016. The decreased CO level may influence atmospheric chemistry over the region. The average OH reactivity of CO at the LAN station is estimated to significantly drop from 4.1 ± 0.7 s−1 in 2006 to 3.0 ± 0.3 s−1 in 2017.
Simultaneous water and vapour transfer in an unsaturated mudstone in badlands terrain, southwestern Taiwan

The simultaneous transfer of pore fluid and vapour was studied in the unsaturated shallow subsurface of a Plio‐Pleistocene marine mudstone badland slope in southwestern Taiwan during the dry season using field monitoring data and numerical simulations. Data from field monitoring show mass‐basis water contents of ~0.05 to ~0.10 that decrease towards the unsaturated ground surface and were invariant during the middle part of the dry season, except for daily fluctuations. In addition, the observed daily fluctuations in water content correlate with fluctuations in bedrock temperature, especially at depths of 2.5–5.0 cm. Periodic increases in water content occurred most notably during the day, when the bedrock temperature showed the greatest increase. Water contents then decreased to the previous state as bedrock temperature decreased during the night. Calculated vapour fluxes within the mudstone during the day increased up to 6 × 10−6–1 × 10−5 kg m−2 s−1, deriving a 0.01–0.02 increase in mass‐basis water content at 2.5 cm depth for a 12‐h period. This agrees with field monitoring data, suggesting that increases in water content occurred due to vapour intrusions into the bedrock. Pore water electrical conductivity (EC) showed periodic variations due to vapour intrusion, and gradually increased between the ground surface and depths of 2.5–5.0 cm. In contrast, pore water EC gradually decreased between 15 and 40 cm depth. Calculated water fluxes at depths of 2.5–40.0 cm varied from −4 × 10−6 to −2 × 10−9 kg m−2 s−1. These fluxes generated an increase in solute concentrations at the ground surface, with negative values of water flux indicating an upwards movement of water towards the surface. We show that the increase in solute content due to solute transfer from depth is highly dependent on variations in water flux with depth. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neighbourhood Social Resilience (NSR): Definition, Conceptualisation, and Measurement Scale Development

The literature on social resilience lacks a precise definition of this concept and a clear guideline on how to measure it. Particularly, social resilience at the neighbourhood scale has received remarkably little scholarly attention. This study contributes toward filling these gaps in the literature by developing and empirically testing the neighbourhood social resilience (NSR) model as a robust and reliable measurement instrument that integrates various aspects of this complex concept into one coherent and fine-grained psychometric model. The reliability and validity of the NSR model are empirically tested using questionnaire data collected from 234 respondents in five neighbourhoods of Dunedin city, New Zealand. Furthermore, a more nuanced definition for neighbourhood social resilience is provided. Results indicate that social resilience is a second-order and multidimensional concept incorporating eight dimensions. Each of these dimensions captures a distinct piece in the jigsaw of social resilience; therefore, failure to incorporate all dimensions may provide an incomplete picture of this complex phenomenon. Our research bridges the gap between top-down approach of stakeholders and policymakers and bottom-up perceptions and expectations of residents about social resilience of their urban neighbourhood.
Enhancing Punishment or Repairing Harms? Perceptions of Sentencing Hate Crimes Amongst Members of a Commonly Targeted Victim Group

This article investigates the attitudes and emotional reactions of LGBT+ people to enhanced sentencing (ES) and restorative justice (RJ) interventions for hate crime. When forced to choose between interventions, our survey (N = 589) found a preference for the use of RJ over ES, which was perceived to be better at reducing reoffending and supporting victims. Nevertheless, the study found greater average levels of support for the use of ES for hate crime, which was predicted by previous experiences of hate crime, perceptions of threat and feelings of anger. An additional experiment (N = 120) revealed RJ, in response to a hate crime, elicited less anger and sadness and higher levels of satisfaction compared with an ES intervention.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor is a clinically useful predictor for aggressive basal cell carcinoma

Objectives: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tumors are locally invasive but rarely metastatic. However, aggressive metastatic variants are being increasingly reported in elderly people. Here we investigated the clinical utility of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a predictive biomarker for aggressive BCC variants. Methods: Thirty-five pathologically confirmed cases of BCC that underwent surgical removal in the Plastic Surgery Department between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2012 were studied. VEGF expression was analyzed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue by immunohistochemical staining. Positive staining was defined as more than 10% of the tumor cells showing immunoreactivity. The associations of VEGF expression with various clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed. Results: The face was the most prevalent site (28/35), with 15 cases from the nose, 6 cases from the eyelid, and 5 cases from the cheek. The patients were aged between 41 and 86 years, with a mean age of 69.26 ± 173.903 years. The mean BCC size was 1.34 ± 3.853 cm, with a range of 0.3 cm to 12.0 cm. The mean tumor invasion depth from the basement epidermal membrane was 0.17 ± 0.035 cm, with a range of 0.03 cm to 1.10 cm. A mean of 5.66 ± 20.938 intraoperative frozen section slides were examined. VEGF was not expressed in 14 of the 35 patients (40.0%), whereas 42.9% of the patients had low expression and 17.1% of the patients had high expression. VEGF expression was significantly associated with age (P = 0.022), size (P = 0.030), site (P = 0.013), tumor invasion depth (P = 0.019), and number of intraoperatively frozen sections (P = 0.003). Conclusions: These results suggest that VEGF expression as assessed by immunohistochemistry can predict aggressive or poor prognosis in BCC.
Uncertainty Due to Infectious Diseases and Energy Market Volatility

Motivated by the COVID-19 pandemic, we examine the role of uncertainty due to infectious diseases in predicting energy market volatility using the new dataset on Equity Market Volatility-Infectious Diseases (EMV-ID). We find that the new measure of market uncertainty is a good predictor of energy market volatility in both in-sample and out-of-sample tests. These results have implications for portfolio diversification strategies, which we set aside for future research.
Parent and child perceptions of indulgent parenting and female emerging adults’ depressive symptoms

ABSTRACT Depression is among the most common mental health disorders reported, especially among female emerging adults. Due to the prevalence of depression, we investigated the perception of parenting behaviour (indulgent parenting) in the context of female emerging adult’s symptoms of depression. Specifically, research has suggested that parent–child discrepancies on perceptions of parenting behaviours provide implications for children’s mental health. We collected data from female college students and one of their parents (N = 128 dyads) to examine discrepancies in their reports of indulgent parenting and the association with female college students’ reports of depressive symptoms over three data points during a four-month period. Results indicated that female college students perceived greater levels of indulgent parenting compared to parents’ reports of their own indulgent parenting behaviour. Further, the disagreement between parent and child reports of indulgent parenting was associated with a slower decline in depressive symptoms among female college students. Implications of the study’s results are further discussed.
Does sexual functioning improve with migraine improvements and/or weight loss?—A post hoc analysis in the Women's Health and Migraine (WHAM) trial

Despite plausibility of migraine headaches contributing to impaired sexual function among women, data are inconsistent and point to obesity as a potential confounder. Prospective studies that assess the relative importance of migraine improvements and weight loss in relation to sexual function could help elucidate associations among migraine, obesity and female sexual dysfunction (FSD).
Fractional Microablative CO2 Laser‐Related Histological Changes on Vulvar Tissue in Patients With Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

Fractional CO2 laser has been proposed as an effective treatment for the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). However, the effects of laser treatment on vulvar tissue have never been assessed. We aimed to assess histological changes related to fractional CO2 laser in vulvar tissue from GSM patients.