Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of forced regression in controlling Brent Group reservoir architecture and prospectivity in the northern North Sea

The Middle Jurassic Brent Group of the northern North Sea presents a mature and highly productive reservoir play fairway where a combination of effective facies analysis and depositional sequence stratigraphy offers real potential to optimize exploitation. The north of the Brent province differs from classically studied southern areas in being dominated by marginal-marine delta-front facies. A core- and log-based study of 37 wells around the Don fields was performed to establish a sequence stratigraphic framework, map facies and thereby describe facies architecture. The results demonstrate that reservoir quality and productivity are regionally and locally controlled by facies. Of particular interest are intervals of fluvio-estuarine channel to sharp-based shoreface sandstone that formed during sea-level lowstands, since it is these packages that boost well productivity but, conversely, also increase the risk of early water breakthrough on production. Analogy with the Saloum Delta of Senegal highlights the importance of rapid and continuous barrier migration and destruction in controlling the deflection and switching of fluvio-estuarine channels, explaining also the preferential preservation of channel-floor deposits over continuously eroded barrier and delta-top facies. Interpretations suggest that deposition in the study area was dominated by punctuated progradation of the Brent Delta, as periods of delta plain incision alternated with episodes of base-level rise and delta aggradation/progradation. A model of regression for the Brent Delta is presented, where the Rannoch, Etive and Ness formations are an amalgam of highstand, falling stage and lowstand systems tract deposits, and the Tarbert Formation is a transgressive systems tract deposit, with the delta responding to regional relative sea-level changes driven by uplift and deflation of the mid North Sea dome. The prograding Brent Delta is characterized as a succession of attached shorefaces formed by alternating periods of normal and forced regression. Significantly, this explains the long distance (>200 km) build out of the Brent Delta and the continued presence of coarse-sandstone packages, as well as the potential for high-quality reservoirs even in the distal reaches of the system. It also suggests that there is limited potential for lowstand fan plays beyond the northernmost tip of the delta.
A Seasonal Prediction Model for the Summer Rainfall in Northeast China Using the Year-To-Year Increment Approach

Abstract Using the year-to-year increment approach, this study investigated the relationship of selected climatic elements with the increment time series of the summer rainfall between successive years in Northeast China, including the soil moisture content, sea surface temperature, 500 hPa geopotential height, and sea level pressure in the preceding spring for the period 1981–2008. Two spring predictors were used to construct the seasonal prediction model: the area mean soil moisture content in Northwest Eurasia and the 500 hPa geopotential height over Northeast China. Both the cross-validation and comparison with previous studies showed that the above two predictors have good predicting ability for the summer rainfall in Northeast China.
Fine-Tuning Multimodal Transformer Models for Generating Actions in Virtual and Real Environments

In this work, we propose and investigate an original approach to using a pre-trained multimodal transformer of a specialized architecture for controlling a robotic agent in an object manipulation task based on language instruction, which we refer to as RozumFormer. Our model is based on a bimodal (text-image) transformer architecture originally trained for solving tasks that use one or both modalities, such as language modeling, visual question answering, image captioning, text recognition, text-to-image generation, etc. The discussed model has been adapted for robotic manipulation tasks by organizing the input sequence of tokens in a particular way, consisting of tokens for text, images, and actions. We have demonstrated that such a model adapts well to new tasks and shows better results with fine-tuning than complete training in simulation and real environments. To transfer the model from the simulator to a real robot, new datasets were collected and annotated. In addition, experiments controlling the agent in a visual environment using reinforcement learning have shown that fine-tuning the model with a mixed dataset that includes examples from the initial visual-linguistic tasks only slightly decreases performance on these tasks, simplifying the addition of tasks from another domain.
Joint interpretation of beach-ridge architecture and coastal topography show the validity of sea-level markers observed in ground-penetrating radar data

Geological studies of past and present sea level rely on valid and robust features marking sea level in geological sections. Present sea-level markers around the upper shoreface to beachface transition are detected in a beach-ridge plain formed in a microtidal regime. These sea-level markers identify specific relative sea levels at the time of formation. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data collected across the youngest part of the beach-ridge system of Feddet, Denmark are compared with independent coastal morphological and sedimentological data of the active strand plain and interpreted in relation to sea-level data. The data show consistency between dip values of the present beachface and upper shoreface compared with dip values of interpreted beachface and upper shoreface GPR reflections. A clear change in dip value is observed between beachface and upper shoreface deposits in both data sets. Within few centimetres, this break point coincides with actual sea level and is interpreted to correspond to downlap points observed in the GPR reflection data. Furthermore, our observations may indicate that downlap points of deposits, formed under both relatively high and low water levels, are preserved and may be identified in GPR reflection data. Downlap points identified in GPR data across microtidal beach-ridge systems from other localities can also constitute markers of palaeo-sea level at the time of deposition. Records of these sea-level markers can be used to reconstruct the local relative sea-level history during the Holocene.
Real-time arrhythmia detection using convolutional neural networks

Cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attack and congestive heart failure, are the leading cause of death both in the United States and worldwide. The current medical practice for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases is not suitable for long-term, out-of-hospital use. A key to long-term monitoring is the ability to detect abnormal cardiac rhythms, i.e., arrhythmia, in real-time. Most existing studies only focus on the accuracy of arrhythmia classification, instead of runtime performance of the workflow. In this paper, we present our work on supporting real-time arrhythmic detection using convolutional neural networks, which take images of electrocardiogram (ECG) segments as input, and classify the arrhythmia conditions. To support real-time processing, we have carried out extensive experiments and evaluated the computational cost of each step of the classification workflow. Our results show that it is feasible to achieve real-time arrhythmic detection using convolutional neural networks. To further demonstrate the generalizability of this approach, we used the trained model with processed data collected by a customized wearable sensor from a lab setting, and the results shown that our approach is highly accurate and efficient. This research provides the potentials to enable in-home real-time heart monitoring based on 2D image data, which opens up opportunities for integrating both machine learning and traditional diagnostic approaches.
The Cranial Osteology Of The Middle Triassic Ichthyosaur Contectopalatus From Germany

A new partial skull of the Middle Triassic ichthyosaur Contectopalatus atavus allows many new osteological observations and makes the referral of several additional specimens, including lower jaw material, possible. This aids very much in the understanding of the anatomy of this highly derived mixosaurid species. The lectotype of Ichthyosaurus atavus is shown to be diagnostic and the recent proposal of a neotype is unnecessary. Contectopalatus shows thecodont dentition in all parts of the jaws. The teeth are labyrinthodont at their bases. Some specimens, which are interpreted as very late ontogenetic stages of C. atavus, indicate that Contectopalatus grew very large, reaching four to five times the size of other mixosaurids. Mixosaurid taxonomy is reviewed. Three valid genera can be included in a monophyletic Mixosauridae: Mixosaurus (including M. cornalianus and M. kuhnschnyderi), PhalarodonContectopalatus (monotypic). The mixosaurids are the sister group to the remaining ichthyosaurs, apart from the Lower Triassic forms. The status of the Omphalosauridae remains unresolved, but they are not closely related to the mixosaurids, because the durophagous dentition was acquired convergently in the two groups.
NUTRIENT BALANCES FOR THE EVALUATION OF NUTRIENT SOURCES IN WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT1

This paper describes the methodology for a nutrient balance to evaluate the sources and distribution of nutrients in a small river basin. Loadings for total nitrogen and phosphorus are calculated from measured nutrient concentration and river discharge data. Using a special retrieval program and a data storage and processing system, loadings are accumulated over a given time period to allow for time of passage through the basin and seasonal changes in nutrient distribution. Nutrient balances are made with the accumulated loadings to obtain the relative contribution of each nutrient source and the retention of nutrients within the basin through sedimentation and aquatic growth. The methodology has been used to study nutrients in the Qu'Appelle River Basin, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Water Quality Assessment of Lower Usuma Dam Water from Treatment plant to points of Consumption in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

This study investigated and compared the bacteriological, physicochemical and heavy metals concentrations of drinking water quality of Lower Usuma Dam from treatment plant to the points of consumption in three Area Councils (Bwari, Abuja Municipal and Gwagwalada) of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Most probable number technique was employed for coliform detection. Molecular characterization of isolated bacteria was carried out. Seven out of the 26 water samples analyzed in this study were contaminated in the range of 7 MPN/100ml to >23 MPN/100ml. Physicochemical parameters such as colour, pH, temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity and seven heavy metals were also determined using Atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results showed that Bwari had the highest value for colour, 16.67 Pt.Co while AMAC had the least with 1.00 Pt. Co, Gwagwalada had the highest pH value (7.33±0.12) and Bwari the lowest pH of 6.77±0.06. Bwari also had highest temperature of 30.23±2.80oC while AMAC recorded the least (27.29±0.26oC). Turbidity ranged from 1.86 to 2.83 NTU. The highest level of the other parameters [(TDS 54.27 mg/L, conductivity 90.10 µs/cm, total hardness 34.00 mg/L, total alkalinity 28.00 mg/L, Cl– 20.82 mg/L)] was observed in water samples from Gwagwalada Area Council. Gwagwalada recorded the highest values for iron and zinc at 0.09mg/l and 0.003mg/l respectively. Copper concentration was highest in AMAC (0.043mg/l) and lowest in Bwari area council (0.007mg/l). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the concentration of Cr detected in all the water samples. There is need for provision of adequate sanitation facilities and improvement on monitoring of distribution system in order to maintain drinking water quality and prevent water borne disease outbreaks.
Control of redox state and Sr isotopic composition of granitic magmas: a critical evaluation of the role of source rocks

ABSTRACT: The current underlying assumption in most geochemical studies of granitic rocks is that granitic magmas reflect their source regions. However, the mechanisms by which source rocks control the intensive and compositional parameters of the magmas remain poorly known. Recent experimental data are used to evaluate the ‘source rock model’ and to discuss controls of (1) redox states and (2) the Sr isotopic compositions of granitic magmas. Experimental studies have been performed in parallel on biotite-muscovite and tourmaline-muscovite leucogranites from the High Himalayas. Results under reducing conditions ( = FMQ – 0·5) at 4 kbar and variable suggest that the tourmaline-muscovite granite evolved under progressively more oxidising conditions during crystallisation, up to values more than four log units above the FMQ buffer. Leucogranite magmas thus provide an example of the control of redox conditions by post-segregation rather than by partial melting processes. Other experiments designed to test the mechanisms of isotopic equilibration of Sr during partial melting of a model crustal assemblage show that kinetic factors can dominate the isotopic signature in the case of source rocks not previously homogenised during an earlier metamorphic event. The possibility is therefore raised that partial melts may not necessarily reflect the Sr isotopic composition of their sources, weakening in a fundamental way the source rock model.
Moisture and thermal regimes of the desert soils of Rajasthan, India, and their management for higher plant production

ABSTRACT Studies were conducted during the years 1977–1982 to determine the moisture and thermal regimes of the desert soils of western Rajasthan (India) and their management for better plant production. The results showed that during the high rainfall year of 1977 (628 mm) about 50% of the rainfall percolated down a 900 mm soil profile at Palsana, leading thereby to low moisture regimes and a moisture utilization by the the grass vegetation of only 276–294 mm. Wide variations in diurnal soil temperatures ranging from 28°C to 56°C at the surface and from 33°C to 37°C at 300 mm depth were observed at Jodhpur leading thereby to downward movement of moisture during the day-time (1400 h) and upward during the nighttime (0400 h). The moisture movement was predominantly in the vapour phase as observed by higher values of thermal vapour diffusivity. The monthly variations in soil temperature controlled the movement of moisture which was observed by the increase in the profile moisture storage during the winter m.
Isolation, identification, and significance of salivary Veillonella spp., Prevotella spp., and Prevotella salivae in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

The global prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is on the rise, prompting significant attention from researchers worldwide. IBD entails chronic inflammatory disorders of the intestinal tract, characterized by alternating flares and remissions. Through high-throughput sequencing, numerous studies have unveiled a potential microbial signature for IBD patients showing intestinal enrichment of oral-associated bacteria. Simultaneously, the oral microbiome can be perturbed by intestinal inflammation. Our prior investigation, based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, underscored elevated abundance of Veillonella spp. and Prevotella spp. in the salivary microbiomes of IBD patients. Noteworthy, Prevotella salivae emerged as a distinct species significantly associated with IBD. P. salivae is an under-recognized pathogen that was found to play a role in both oral and systemic diseases. In this study, we delve deeper into the salivary microbiomes of both IBD patients and healthy controls. Employing diverse cultivation techniques and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (RT-qPCR), we gauged the prevalence and abundance of Veillonella spp. , Prevotella spp. , and P. salivae. Our isolation efforts yielded 407 and 168 strains of Veillonella spp. , as well as 173 and 90 strains of Prevotella spp. , from the saliva samples of IBD patients and healthy controls, respectively. Veillonella-vancomycin agar emerged as the discerning choice for optimal Veillonella spp. cultivation, while Schaedler kanamycin-vancomycin agar proved to be the most suitable medium for cultivating Prevotella spp. strains. Comparing our RT-qPCR findings to the previous 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data, the results corroborated the higher abundance of Veillonella spp. , Prevotella spp. , and P. salivae in the saliva of IBD patients compared to healthy controls. However, it’s worth noting that in contrast to RT-qPCR, the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data revealed greater absolute abundance of all three bacterial groups in both IBD patients and controls.
Assessment of the regional atmospheric impact of wildfire emissions based on CO observations at the ZOTTO tall tower station in central Siberia

[1] The impact of wildfires on surface air composition over central Siberia is investigated based on near-surface carbon monoxide (CO) measurements conducted at Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO), a remote station in the center of Siberia, during 2007 and 2008 warm seasons. Seasonal variations of intensity and spatial distribution of wildfires in south of western and eastern Siberia are found to be important factors contributing a substantial part of synoptic and year-to-year variability of background CO levels in the region. Based on the MODIS area burned product, the estimate of the total yearly CO emitted from wildfires in the regions potentially affecting the measurement site (those of European Russia and Siberia) is approximately 15 and 27 Tg CO in 2007 and 2008, versus 18.0 and 39.4 Tg CO from wildfires in all of Russia in 2007 and 2008, and 11 Tg CO from all anthropogenic sources in Russia according to EDGARv4.1 database for year 2005. The severe fire activity in northern Eurasia, particularly in western Siberia, during 2008 caused enhanced springtime surface CO levels observed at ZOTTO, with median CO mixing ratio in April–May 2008 by approximately 15 ppb higher compared to April–May 2007. Episodes of air transport from wildfires upwind of the measurements site are identified based on ensembles of backward trajectories and MODIS products. The impact of distinct wildfire smoke plumes on near-surface CO mixing ratios, along with the influence of wildfire and anthropogenic emissions on background CO levels in the region is estimated using backward Lagrangian trajectory statistics. The estimated relative CO enhancement in fire plumes with transport times up to 2 days is about 5–25 ppb in springs 2007 and 2008, and 50 ppb in summer 2008, based on the observed median values, with a maximal absolute value of 250 ppb observed in April 2008. Boreal forest fires over the vast areas of central Siberia along with regional anthropogenic sources are found to be the major factors driving short-term (synoptic) variability of near-surface CO during the warm season.
ENSO-Modulated Cyclogenesis over the Bay of Bengal*

AbstractThe role of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the modulation of tropical cyclone activity over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) for the 1979–2011 period is examined. It is shown that Nino-3.4 sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are negatively correlated with the BoB tropical cyclone activity to a statistically significant percentage by a lead time of 5 months. Composites of 10-m zonal winds exhibit greater variance during La Nina events, favoring the development of low-level cyclonic vorticity. Low vertical wind shear over the central and northern BoB also aids in the development of tropical cyclones during La Nina events. Increased relative humidity is the result of enhanced moisture transport and higher precipitable water under La Nina conditions. Furthermore, storm-relative composites of relative humidity show stronger moisture pulses over the BoB during La Nina. The enhanced moisture associated with tropical cyclogenesis likely aids in the development and strengthening of the systems. ENSO.
NEW RECORDS OF MITES (ACARI: PROSTIGMATA: ERYTHRAEIDAE, TROMBIDIIDAE) FROM LA PALMA, CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES AND A NEW GENUS

Se describen cuatro nuevas especies y un nuevo genero de acaros capturados en las Islas Canarias (La Palma): Hauptmannia baardi sp. n. , Balaustium barloventensis sp. n. , Balaustium malpaisesensis sp. n. y Pedroerythraeus ernesti gen. n. , sp. n. Hauptmannia benoni y Aiothrombium amiraell se citan por primera vez para la fauna de La Palma. Se dan medidas adicionales para A. amiraeli de La Palma.
Correlated Multi-Level Speech Enhancement for Robust Real-World ASR Applications Using Mask-Waveform-Feature Optimization

Our proposed correlated multi-level optimization approach enhances speech recognition performance for high-performance acoustic models in real-world applications. By combining mean squared error of mask, scale-invariant source-to-noise ratio, and cross-entropy loss functions, as well as adopting Pearson correlation coefficient as a part of the optimization goal to measure the correlation between them, our approach aims to not only reduce the value of each loss during training but also increase the correlation between them. Experimental results on continuous Mandarin recognition in mobile phone scenarios show that our approach achieves a relative reduction of about 25.29% in the average character error rate across five signal-to-noise ratio levels. Notably, our approach improves objective perception qualities and intelligibility measures, as well as recognition accuracies, surpassing some advanced speech enhancement techniques in the context of automatic speech recognition.
Motivating Beverage Container Recycling on a College Campus

Maintaining our materials base for production in the face of declining energy and materials resources requires effective procedures to encourage recycling of scarce resources. The present research assessed the effects of a prompt, raffle and contest procedure on aluminum can recycling in college residence halls. A reversal design was used. The results showed that the prompt, raffle and contest procedure was much more effective than the baseline condition in which prompts to recycle and a convenient recycling container were provided. The implication of these findings for our general energy problem are discussed. Imports provide more than half the aluminum, iron ore, tin, chromium, asbestos, and nearly two dozen other mineral resources used in manufacturing in the United States [1 ] . Since most of these materials are found in nature in an oxidized state, energy is required to reduce them to a usable form; e.g., to produce aluminum from alumina. In fact, energy use is a pervasive aspect of the entire materials use cycle, from mining and transportation and processing to distribution and disposal or reprocessing. Nearly 16 per cent of United States energy consumption is now associated with materials production [1 ] . Significantly, as the supplies of these resources dwindle, the proportion of energy required by the materials cycle is expected to increase, due to higher costs of extraction, transportation and processing [ 2 ] . Price increases are expected to follow increased costs. Further, while it was once thought that abundant resources (e.g., aluminum) could be substituted readily for scarce resources (e.g., copper), it is now clear