Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marchetti M., Lombardi F., 2006 - Analisi quali-quantitativa del legno morto in soprassuoli non gestiti: il caso di Bosco Pennataro, Alto Molise

La salvaguardia delle foreste ha un punto focale nell’applicazione della selvicoltura sistemica e nella conservazione della biodiversita. Il legno morto viene espressamente citato e politicamente riconosciuto nella MCPFE tra gli indicatori adottati per la Gestione Forestale Sostenibile ed e un importante strumento per valutare e monitorare la biodiversita. Tra i parametri utili alla definizione della vetusta di un popolamento forestale, ci si interroga sul ruolo che puo assumere il legno morto nell’individuazione del grado di vetusta, considerata l’assenza in letteratura di una chiara ed univoca definizione di foresta vetusta per l’elevata diversita riscontrabile sia tra aree geografiche differenti che nell’ambito di una medesima area. Si riporta un caso studio connesso alla realizzazione del Piano di Gestione del «Bosco Pennataro», area forestale montana di elevato valore naturalistico localizzata in Molise, gia interessante per la definizione dei rapporti tra Quercetalia pubescentis e Fagetalia sylvaticae. Il legno morto e stato valutato quali-quantitativamente in aree rappresentative delle tipologie forestali piu diffuse: Cerreta mesofila e Faggeta bassomontana su calcari, associando i risultati ottenuti a considerazioni sull’eventuale presenza di soprassuoli vetusti nell’area in questione. E emerso come il legno morto possa essere un ottimo indicatore del grado di vetusta di un popolamento forestale, ma anche uno strumento per comprendere la fase evolutiva in cui si trova, rendendo visibili ed interpretabili le caratteristiche ecologico-funzionali possedute in passato e la loro evoluzione nel tempo. Il «Bosco Pennataro», pur non essendo considerabile un’area caratterizzata da una vetusta tipica, specialmente se raffrontato ad altre realta forestali non solo nazionali, presenta situazioni locali di interessante valore in relazione alle dinamiche evolutive naturali ed e evidente come l’area sia candidata ad evolvere verso la vetusta in tempi ragionevoli.
Estimating the haul-out population size of a colony of northern elephant seals Mirounga angustirostris in Mexico, based on mark-recapture data

We have estimated the haul-out population size (total number of females) of the northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris from Isla San Benito del Oeste, Mexico, during the 2001/2002 breeding season. We used mark-recapture data and a method of maximum likelihood supported in a binomial probability density function. Because the number of females on land is not constant during the breeding season, we used 3 different estimations: 1 before the peak of female abundance, another near the peak, and 1 after the peak. An additional estimation was computed using the 3 samples within a joint binomial distribution. The haul-out population size estimated with the joint binomial distribution was 761 females, with a confidence interval from 712 to 818 females (p < 0.05). The proximity of the 3 Islas San Benito have caused almost all censuses reported in the literature to show the total counts of all categories of sex and class for all 3 islands together. This study provides the first estimate of the total haul-out population size of M. angustirostris from one of the Islas San Benito. From the historical trends of abundance for this species, we can assume an increase at the Isla San Benito del Oeste between 1950 and 1980, but cannot detect any change in abundance between 1980 and 2001.
Inhibition of ATP-induced calcium influx in HT4 cells by glucocorticoids： involvement of protein kinase A

Aim: In our previous observations, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was found to evoke immediate elevations in intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca^2+]i) in HT4 neuroblastoma cells of mice. We tried to see if a brief pretreatment of glucocorticoids could inhibit the Ca^2+ response and reveal the underlying signaling mechanism. Methods: Measurement of [Ca^2+]i was carried out using the dual-wavelength fluorescence method with Fura-2 as the indicator. Results: Preincubation of HT4 cells for 5 min with corticosterone (B) or bovine serum albumin conjugated corticosterone (B-BSA) inhibited the peak [Ca^2+]i increments in a concentration-dependent manner. Cortisol and dexamethasone had a similar action, while deoxycorticosterone and cholesterol were ineffective. Both extracellular Ca^2+ influx and internal Ca^2+ release contributed to ATP-induced [Ca^2+]i elevation. The brief treatment with only B attenuated Ca^2+ influx. Furthermore, the [Ca^2+]i elevation induced by the P2X receptor agonist adenosine 5'-(β,γ-methylene) triphosphate (β,γ-meATP) was also suppressed. The rapid inhibitory effect of B can be reproduced by forskolin 1 mmol/L and blocked by H89 20 mmol/L. Neither nuclear glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone nor protein kinase C inhibitors influenced the rapid action of B. Conclusion: Our results suggest that glucocorticoids modulate P2X receptor-medicated Ca^2+ influx through a membrane-initiated, non-genomic and PKA-dependent pathway in HT4 cells.
Effects of Synbiotic (Biomin Imbo) on Growth Performance, Survival Rate, Reproductive Parameters of Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare)

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of synbiotic ( Biomin imbo ) on growth performance, survival rate and reproductive parameters of Angelfish ( Pterophyllum scalare ) via supplementation with Biomar. Four levels of Biomar experimental diets (54 % protein and 14 % lipid) were prepared by adding synbiotic (0.15, 0.5, 0.75, 1 g/Kg) at a basal diet (Biomar) and the Angelfish larvae in experimental treatments were fed four levels of synbiotic with 5 percent body weight (3 times a day). The larvae in the control treatment were fed without supplemented Biomar. The results showed that larvae fed on the synbiotic had significantly increased final body weight in comparison with the control treatment. After 90 days, 5 adult female and male Angelfish were divided from each treatment. The results showed that fecundity in experimental treatments increased in comparison with the control treatment. The synbiotic also had positive effects on hatching rate in comparison with those in the control treatment but, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) among treatments. The synbiotic also had significant positive effects on the specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversation efficiency (FCE) in comparison to those fed the control treatment, however treatment T3 was more than T4 (T3 > T4 > T2 > T1 > control treatment).
Seed ecology of Bromus sterilis L.

Bromus sterilis L. (barren brome) has become a troublesome weed of winter cereals in reduced tillage systems, mainly in South and North America, middle and Western Europe. In the Czech Republic, its importance has increased dramatically over the past 10 years. Barren brome is reported as a problem weed in other winter crops such as oil seed rape, in vineyards and in other cultivated places. In this study, the dormancy and germination under different temperatures, water and light regimes were investigated. Emergence from different depths and persistence in the soil profile were investigated under field conditions. The seeds of Bromus sterilis showed broad ecological valence to hydrothermal factors germinating in the wide range of 5 to 35 °C. Similarly, no strong effect on the germination in an environment with low water potential was observed. The response to light at various temperatures showed that seeds germinated better in darkness. The emergence declined significantly with burial depth (under 40 mm). The loss of primary dormancy was rapid in time and only 50% of the seeds germinated within 8 weeks after collecting from maternal plants. The seeds were not able to survive in the soil seed bank for a longer time and fall seeds lost viability 1 year after burial in a soil profile.Keywords: Bromus sterilis, emergence, germination, seed dormancy, viabilitySamenokologie von Bromus sterilis L.ZusammenfassungBromus sterilis L. (Taube Trespe) hat sich in den letzten Jahren zu einem problematischen Unkraut im Wintergetreide bei reduzierter Bodenbearbeitung, vor allem in Sud-und Nordamerika sowie in Mittel- und Westeuropa entwickelt. Seine Bedeutung hat auch in der Tschechischen Republik in den vergangenen 10 Jahren stark zugenommen. In dieser Arbeit wurden die Dormanz und Keimung unter verschiedenen Temperatur-, Wasser- und Licht-Regimen untersucht. Auch der Auflauf aus unterschiedlichen Bodentiefen und die Lebensfahigkeit im Boden wurden unter Feldbedingungen untersucht. Die Samen der Tauben Trespe zeigten breite okologische Valenz in Bezug auf hydrothermale Faktoren und keimten in einem breiten Temperaturbereich von 5 – 35 °C. Ebenso wurde kein starker Einfluss des niedrigen Wasserpotentials auf die Keimung festgestellt. Die Samen keimen unabhangig von der Temperatur besser im Dunkeln als im Licht. Der Auflauf nahm signifikant mit der Bodentiefe (unter 40 mm) ab. Ein relativ rascher Verlust der primaren Dormanz wurde beobachtet und die Samen keimten 8 Wochen nach dem Absammeln von den Mutterpflanzen nur noch zu 50 %. Die Samen waren nicht imstande in der Samenbank fur langere Zeit zu uberleben. Nach einem Jahr im Boden waren die Samen nicht mehr lebensfahig.Stichworter: Auflauf, Bromus sterilis, Dormanz, Keimung, Lebensfahigkeit
Dynamic behaviors of a stage-structured cooperation model

In this paper, a two-species May type cooperation model with stage structure is presented and studied. Results on the global extinction, partial survival and global attractivity of the positive equilibrium are given, which generalize the well-known May’s result for the two species cooperation system and, moreover, they confirm the negative effect of stage structure on the persistent of populations. Conclusions in this paper suggest that for a cooperation community, stage structure and the death rate of mature species are two of the most important reason that cause global attractivity and extinction, cooperate has no influence on the persistent property of the model, and conditions which ensure the permanence of the single species are enough to ensure the global stability of the system.
Wood anatomy of Cussonia and Seemannaralia (Araliaceae) with systematic and ecological implications

The wood structure of two related African genera, Cussonia Thunb. (15 of 21 species) and the monotypic Seemannaralia R.Vig. (Araliaceae) is examined. The considerable diversity in wood anatomical characters within these taxa is mostly related to environmental factors; taxonomic groupings or phylogenetic relationships seem to be less important. The shortening of vessel elements and fibres, an increase in vessel number per group, a decrease in vessel diameter and a reduction in the number of bars of perforation plates, are associated with the more temperat species. The changes in vessel grouping show a significant correlation with rainfall. The placement of the simple-leaved Cussonia species in the subgenus Protocussonia and the isolated position of C. paniculata Eckl. & Zeyh. , the only member of the subgenus Paniculatae, are supported. Many Cussonia species share a very low fibre to vessel element length ratio. Despite the basal position of Seemannaralia relative to Cussonia revealed by molecular data (Plunkett et al. 2004), its wood structure is more specialised in terms of the Baileyan major trends in wood evolution. This discrepancy may be the effect of a long-term adaptation of tropical ancestors of Seemannaralia to drier biomes.
Influence of calcium and silicon fertirrigation in the quality of cut gerbera

Aiming to evaluate the effect of Ca and Si fertirrigation in the quality of cut gerbera, was conducted one experiment in a greenhouse, in experimental design in blocks randomized, in split plot in time, being the treatments three doses of Ca (7,5; 10 e 12,5 mmol.L-1) and four doses of Si (0; 2,95; 4,43 and 5,89 mmol.L-1), applied nutrient solution, valued at three times, with three replication. The cultivation of gerbera was held in plastic pots 5L, containing coconut fiber. At the beginning of the application, in the reproductive phase, were evaluated flowering stem quality on its harvest point, evaluated by the length and diameter stem, diameter chapter and intensity of petals coloration (L, C, a, b e ho), besides vase longevity and fresh mass loss of flowers in the postharvest period. The quality of flowering stem was influenced by Ca and Si for parameter a, chromaticity and length stem, to 150 days after transplantation (DAT). The Si applied weekly nutrient solution during the gerbera growth increased postharvest flowers collected at 210 DAT.
Antibacterial potential of Zingiber Officinale and Curcuma longa

The antimicrobial activity of Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) tested with Agar Well Diffusion method. Four different bacterial strains (Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes) were used to test antimicrobial activity of Ginger and Turmeric. Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) extracted in five different solvents viz. Methanol, Ethanol, Diethyl ether, Chloroform and Water. Extracts were directly applied against bacterial strains growth to reveal their antimicrobial activity. Methanolic extract showed maximum inhibitory effect against selected strains followed by Ethanol (for Ginger) and Diethyl-ether for (Turmeric) and vice versa. Chloroform depicted inhibitory effect at the second last position and Water extracts found to have least inhibitory potential. Among two species Turmeric made higher Zone of Inhibitions (ZI) than Ginger. There is another finding that there is present direct correlation with the concentration of extracts and ZI values. This study confirms the Folktales about these two plants that they have high antimicrobial activity and confirms their position as novel Plants among other Ethnobotanical species.
The Localization of Precursor Cells for Larval and Adult Hemopoietic Cells of Xenopus Laevis in two Regions of Embryos

For determination of the localization of lymphoid and erythroid precursor cells in embryos of Xenopus laevis, diploid‐triploid chimeras were produced either by joining embryos antero‐posteriorly or by orthotopic grafting of various tissues into Nieuwkoop‐Faber st. 22–23 tailbud embryos. The sources of the hemopoietic cells were determined in the chimeric animals at various stages by microspectrophotometry of Feulgen‐stained cells. Analyses of chimeras produced by joining embryos antero‐posteriorly at different levels showed that the precursor cells that contribute to the hemopoietic cells are localized in the posterior half to three quarters. Orthotopic grafting of ventral or dorsal tissues revealed that the precursor cells that contribute to hemopoietic cells in early larvae are mostly localized in the ventral blood island (VBI) mesoderm, whereas those for late larvae and adults are localized both in the dorso‐lateral plate (DLP) mesoderm comprising the prospective mesonephros and in the VBI mesoderm. Reciprocal heterotopic grafting of VBI‐ and DLP mesoderms showed that the two compartments differ in their capacities to differentiate into hemopoietic cells. It is proposed that the VBI‐derived cells migrating towards the primary lymphoid organs constitute the transient hemopoietic population of early larvae, and the importance of the mesonephric region for definitive hemopoiesis is pointed out.
Phylogenetic relationship of coat protein genomic components of Chilli leaf curl virus

Chilli ( Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the economically most important vegetable crops in India. Leaf curl disease in chilli, caused by begomovirus is a serious problem in northern India. The causal virus is transmitted to healthy plants by white flies ( Bemisia tabaci ). Infected plants exhibit typical curling of leaves, puckering, twisted petioles, and stunting. The geminivirus confirmation from leaf samples by Polymerase Chain Reaction based preliminary detection of virus done from the infected chilli samples by amplifying DNA fragments (approximately 550 bp) using begomovirus specific- coat protein (CP) gene primers. Further, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based detection conditions were optimized for chilli leaf curl virus using specific primers 5’-AGAATTATGTCCAAGCGACCA-3’ and 5’-AAGCGTTGGGGATACACAAA-3’. The 750 bp amplicon of capsid protein (CP) gene was amplified, cloned and sequenced. Comparisons as well as phylogenetic reconstructions of CP sequence with other begomovirus sequences retrieved from Genbank showed that the Indian isolates has close relationship with Pakistan and other asiatic isolate. This is the first report of the molecular characterization of coat protein sequence of chilli leaf curl virus and chilli plant is affected by radish leaf curl disease in India. Homology of the sequenced gene of coat protein with reported genes in Gene Data Bank was observed within the range of 97 % with other begomovirus coat protein gene.
Engineering aequorin as an indicator of calcium signals near the BK channel

The BK channel is a large conductance calcium-activated voltage- dependent potassium channel. This channel plays a key role as a negative feedback mechanism of membrane excitability and cellular Ca2+. There is substantial evidence suggesting that the Ca2+ activation of the BK channel is regulated by localised Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. The aim of the work presented in this thesis was to develop a novel method of measuring the local Ca2+ concentration controlling the BK channel activation. The p2 subunit, an auxiliary protein of the BK channel, was extracted from MG63 cells and cloned. Subsequently, the aequorin sequence was attached to its C-terminus using splicing by overlapping extension. The recombinant protein retained the features of the native proteins emitting light in response to Ca2+ and showed correct targeting to the ceil membrane. The resultant light emission of the new protein was diminished in comparison to the native aequorin. The p2-Aequorin and a cytosolic Luciferase-aequorin were successfully transfected in a HEK293 cell line which stably express the BK channel a subunit. The expression of the aequorin constructs in HEK293 cells in suspension revealed the presence of intracellular mechanosensitive Ca2+ channels. The main finding of this thesis was that the Ca2+ affecting the BK channel is regulated independently of cytosolic Ca2+ in HEK293 cells. Stimulation with agonists such as carbachol, ATP and cyclopiazonic acid demonstrated clear differences in the magnitude of BK channel microdomain and cytosolic Ca2+ signals. Short term exposure to caffeine induced a significant decrease in the Ca2+ signals near the channel. The addition of extracellular Ca2+ led to large Ca2+ transients close to the BK channel suggesting a store-operated Ca2+ mechanism. The Ca2+ effects produced by carbachol, ATP, caffeine and cyclopizaonic acid indicate a coupling between IP3-induced Ca2+ release from the ER and Ca2+- activation of the BK channel.
The Main Molecules Involved in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Immunomodulation

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are described as undifferentiated cells with high capacity for self-renewal and differentiation ability in different tissues. MSCs are found in various locations in the adult organism as bone marrow, adipose tissue; and in fetal tissues as umbilical cord, placenta and amniotic fluid. They are able to produce and secrete a number of bioactive molecules with different effects: anti-fibrotic, angiogenic and mitogen. These cells also present a great immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential described in experimental and human models. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of MSCs to suppress the proliferation and activation of T, B and NK cells in vitro and in vivo. Its low immunogenic action causes are not recognized by HLA mismatched receptor complex because they express low levels of MHC-I do not express MHC-II and costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86. Because of these unique characteristics, MSCs arouse great interest in possible clinical applications in the therapy of diseases that affect the immune system. Although depending on the tissue microenvironment, the MSCs can also trigger inflammatory events. In this work, we described the main factors and another structures involved in MSCs immunoregulation.
Effects of Global Competency on Cultural Competency in Nursing Student

This study was conducted to examine the impact of global competency of nursing students on cultural competency, and thereby provide basic data for their education that can improve cultural competency. Subjects for the research were 119 nursing college students in B metropolitan city, C city, and G city. The data were collected using a questionnaire and subsequently analyzed with the t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 21.0 program. The results showed that no statistically significant difference was found in cultural competency according to the general characteristics of the subjects. The sub-variables of subject's global competence including English proficiency, creative thinking, self expression capability, cultural flexibility and global activities had a Received (April 15, 2017), Review Result (April 28, 2017) Accepted (May 9, 2017), Published (June 30, 2017) 49267 Dept. Nursing, Kosin Univ., 262, Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea. email: hjw0721@kosin.ac. kr (Corresponding Author) 49267 Dept. Nursing, Kosin Univ., 262, Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea. email: bluemima@naver.com Effects of Global Competency on Cultural Competency in Nursing Student Copyright c 2017 HSST 590 statistically significant positive correlation with cultural competency, and factors affecting cultural competency were shown to be in the order of cultural flexibility, creative thinking and self expression capability. These factors accounted for a total of 26.7% of the global competency of nursing students. Therefore, when an educational program to improve the cultural competency of nursing students is planned, it is necessary to consider ways to enhance their creative thinking and self expression capability as well as cultural flexibility.