Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacterial and Fungal Microbiota of Guinea Grass Silage Shows Various Levels of Acetic Acid Fermentation

This study aimed to gain insights into the bacterial and fungal microbiota associated with the acetic acid fermentation of tropical grass silage. Direct-cut (DC, 170 g dry matter [DM]/kg) and wilted (WT, 323 g DM/kg) guinea grass were stored in a laboratory silo at moderate (25 °C) and high (40 °C) temperatures. Bacterial and fungal microbiota were assessed at 3 days, 1 month, and 2 months after ensiling. Lactic acid was the primary fermentation product during the initial ensiling period, and a high Lactococcus abundance (19.7–39.7%) was found in DC silage. After two months, the lactic acid content was reduced to a negligible level, and large amounts of acetic acid, butyric acid, and ethanol were found in the DC silage stored at 25 °C. The lactic acid reduction and acetic acid increase were suppressed in the DC silage stored at 40 °C. Increased abundances of Lactobacillus, Clostridium, and Wallemia, as well as decreased abundances of Saitozyma, Papiliotrema, and Sporobolomyces were observed in DC silages from day three to the end of the 2 month period. Wilting suppressed acid production, and lactic and acetic acids were found at similar levels in WT silages, regardless of the temperature and storage period. The abundance of Lactobacillus (1.72–8.64%) was lower in WT than in DC silages. The unclassified Enterobacteriaceae were the most prevalent bacteria in DC (38.1–64.9%) and WT (50.9–76.3%) silages, and their abundance was negatively related to the acetic acid content. Network analysis indicated that Lactobacillus was involved in enhanced acetic acid fermentation in guinea grass silage.
Comparison of CBFM-Enhanced Iterative Methods for MoM-Based Finite Antenna Array Analysis

In this article, we compare different iterative techniques enhanced by the CBFM, which are used to analyze finite arrays of disjoint antenna elements. These are based on the stationary-type methods (Jacobi, Gauss–Seidel, and macroblock Jacobi), the nonstationary GMRES, and the hybrid alternating GMRES-Jacobi (AGJ) method that combines these two types. In each iteration, the reduced CBFM system is constructed based on the previous iterates, the solution of which is used to update the solution vector in the next iteration with improved accuracy. In this way, the convergence of the classical iterative techniques can be greatly improved. The convergence rates and computational costs of the CBFM-enhanced iterative methods are analyzed by considering several MoM-based problems. The GMRES-based method, which employs the block-Jacobi preconditioner, outperforms the other methods when the MoM matrix is ill-conditioned. For well-conditioned MoM matrices with reduced diagonal dominance due to the increased presence of the interelement coupling effects, the AGJ method or the methods based on the stationary-type iterations may require smaller computational effort to converge to the desired solution accuracy in comparison to the GMRES-based approach.
Genetic relatedness and variability studies in greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

Greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is one of the highly consumed legumes and has the ability to withstand wide environmental conditions. Sixty greengram genotypes were evaluated for genetic relatedness with 11 quantitative traits viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, the number of primary branches per plant, the number of clusters per plant, the number of pods per cluster, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, pod length, hundred seed weight and single plant yield. The data were subjected to variability, genetic advance, heritability, correlation and path analysis. In this study, the phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation was found to be high for the number of clusters per pod and the number of pods per plant. High heritability was noticed for single plant yield, plant height and hundred seed weight. The genetic advance was found to be very high for the number of pods per plant. Association studies revealed that the single plant yield was significantly correlated with the number of pods per plant (0.75) followed by the number of pods per cluster (0.60), the number of clusters per plant (0.58) and the number of seeds per pod (0.49). The direct and positive effect was recorded for the traits viz., days to maturity (1.44), the number of pods per cluster (0.67), pod length (0.46) and plant height (0.24). Phenotypic selection of traits contributing to grain yield exhibiting high heritability and genetic advance would help in the selection of superior genotypes for the improvement of grain yield in greengram.
Analytical modelling of complex stiffness modulus tests in direct tension-compression on asphalt concrete and nonlinearity effect due to strain amplitude

A new analytical model is designed to reproduce the complex modulus of asphalt concrete in cyclic dynamic tests. Instead of multiplying rheological elements with fixed parameters, only two elements with variable parameters are connected in parallel: the stiffness component related to the strain and the viscosity component related to the strain rate. They compose the VENoL (NOnLinear ViscoElastic) model. Their variations as a function of pulsation are calibrated with the Carreau–Yasuda model at a reference temperature and strain amplitude. The conversion from one temperature to another is done using the Time-Temperature Superposition Principle defined by its shift factor . For the conversion from one strain amplitude to another (nonlinearity), the Time-Amplitude Semi-Superposition Principle is newly created, defined by two shift factors and . The model is calibrated with experimental data from the literature based on direct tension-compression tests. The results obtained corroborate the experiments accurately.
New Observations from Comparison between the Benner et al. and the Ainley and Mathieson Models for Profile Losses

Based on the inspection of the Ainley and Mathieson and the Benner et al. models for profile losses, the two models are compared through numerical simulations. The discrepancies between them are examined and discussed with new observations. It is observed that the stalling incidence predicted by the Benner et al. model is smaller than that predicted by the Ainley and Mathieson model. And also, the Benner et al. model demonstrates that profile losses experience three evidently different regimes, say, insensitive to incidence or the ratio of incidence to stalling incidence from-3.0 to +0.65, sensitive from +0.65 to +2.0, and very sensitive beyond +2.0, but the Ainley and Mathieson model does not. In particular, the third regime had not been covered by the Ainley and Mathieson model. The Benner et al. model is superior to the Ainley and Mathieson model both in preciseness and coverage in that the former is developed through a series of improvements to fit the existing measurements.
Genetic diversity analysis in American cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes

Genetic divergence studies were taken up using 55 genotypes for yield and its contributing traits using D2 statistics in upland cotton. Based on D2 values, the grouping was done and the 55 genotypes were placed in six groups and six principal components explaining 91.8 per cent variability. Results of the multivariate analysis indicated that maximum divergence among genotypes L1785, L1687, L1748, L1780, L1783, and L 604 was detected indicating that the crosses between these genotypes will produce highly heterotic hybrids.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Nasabah Bertransaksi Di Bank Syariah (Studi Kasus di Bank Jateng Syariah Cabang Surakarta)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat nasabah bertransaksi di Bank Syariah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Bank Jateng Syariah Cabang Surakarta dengan sampel yaitu nasabah yang memiliki tabungan deposito. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 103 responden yang ada di Bank Jateng Syariah Cabang Surakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan Metode Purposive Sampling. Dari hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari hasil asumsi klasik tidak terjadi masalah dalam uji multikolinearitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, dan uji normalitas data berdistribusi normal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian analisis data yang diketahui bahwa lokasi, keyakinan/religiusitas, pelayanan, kualitas produk, dan bagi hasil berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat nasabah bertransaksi di bank jateng syariah cabang Surakarta. Hasil uji t variabel lokasi menunjukkan nilai thitung sebesar 2,906 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,005 (p<0,05) sehingga H1 diterima, variabel keyakinan/religiusitas menunjukkan nilai thitung sebesar 3,345 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001 (p<0,05) sehingga H2 diterima, variabel pelayanan menunjukkan nilai thitung sebesar 1,995 dengan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,049 (p<0,05) sehingga H3 diterima, variabel kualitas produk menunjukkan nilai thitung sebesar 2,018 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,047 (p<0,05) sehingga H4 diterima, dan variabel bagi hasil menunjukkan nilai thitung sebesar 2,125 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,037 (p<0,05) sehingga H5 diterima.
Prevalence of undiagnosed hypothyroidism in patients with gall bladder stones in Belagavi

Background: Contribution of hypothyroidism to gallstone formation is debated over years. With this background, the study intended to analyze the prevalence of undiagnosed hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis. The aim is to understand the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with gallstones.Methods: A prospective, hospital-based study was done on 100 patients admitted for the management of gall stone disease in Belagavi. After initial screening, a detailed history was obtained with special reference to symptomatology and the risk factors as per proforma from patients meeting selection criteria. Thyroid function test was done on all eligible patients. Patients were divided into three groups of Euthyroid, Subclinical hypothyroid and clinical hypothyroidism. Statistical analysis used. Percentage of gall stones in different age groups and gender of the study population was calculated followed by prevalence of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism in all the patients included.Results: Among the study population, 40% were male and 60% were female. 23 of them have subclinical hypothyroidism and 6 of them were diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Majority of subclinical hypothyroid patients (39.13%) were aged 41-60 years. Hypothyroid symptoms were shown by the study population with unknown thyroid status.Conclusions: The prevalence of hypothyroidism in cholelithiasis is 29% in the study and is significant. The study demands further studies to consider hypothyroidism as a cause /risk factor for biliary calculus.
Disentangling the Association between ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorder in Individuals Suffering from Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may influence rates of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) among individuals suffering from Bipolar Disorder (BD). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the strength and consistency of the potential association between ADHD and AUD in BD. We searched main electronic databases for studies indexed up to November 2020. We included observational studies investigating the association between ADHD and AUD among individuals with BD. The association between ADHD and AUD was estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). Eleven studies, involving 2734 individuals with BD (516 with ADHD), were included in the meta-analysis. Individuals with both BD and ADHD had higher rates of AUD as compared with subjects with BD only (34.0% vs. 18.3%). The estimated OR of AUD for ADHD was 2.50 (95% CI: 1.91 to 3.27; I2 = 13.0%). Study-level characteristics did not influence the effect size. No risk of publication bias was estimated. Despite some limitations, this meta-analysis estimated an association between ADHD and AUD among individuals suffering from BD. At least a portion of the high rates of AUD in BD may, thereby, be related to comorbid ADHD. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the nature of this relationship.
Dentist´s attitude and criteria in the diagnosis and treatment of caries lesions: Survey about a clinical case

Background The diagnosis of caries, the stage of the disease and the indication of treatment are among the most controversial issues in dentistry. Studies comparing the diagnosis and treatment indication of different professionals show the lack of a unifying criterion in the diagnosis and treatment plan of the disease. The Objectives of this research is to evaluate the attitude of a group of odontostomatologists to a clinical case with lesions compatible with caries, evaluating whether their criteria and attitude in diagnosis and treatment depend on their academic level, years of professional practice, the application of minimal intervention dentistry criteria and the usual practice in conservative restorative treatments. Material and Methods A survey was applied to dentists registered at the Illustrious Official College of Dentists of the Balearic Islands. The questionnaire was developed by the researchers from a real clinical case. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed of all the generated data and, to evaluate the association between the survey responses and the variables of interest, the χ^2 of independence test was performed. In addition, tests comparing the corresponding proportions were conducted using Fisher’s exact test. Results Regarding pit and fissure significant differences were found in the diagnosis in 46 in terms of dentists’ qualifications and in the treatment between the application of minimal intervention dentistry criteria and the usual practice in conservative restorative treatments. No significant differences were found in the other variables analyzed. As regards caries lesions on proximal surfaces, no significant differences were found in the diagnosis or treatment in any of the variables analyzed. Conclusions That there is no change in the professional attitude towards the diagnosis and treatment of caries lesions in this group of professionals, having very interventionist criteria and attitudes in all variables analyzed. Key words:Atraumatic restorative treatment, caries detection, demineralization, non-cavitated caries lesions, radiography.
Autophagy and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress during Onset and Progression of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a heritable, potentially lethal disease without a causal therapy. AC is characterized by focal cardiomyocyte death followed by inflammation and progressive formation of connective tissue. The pathomechanisms leading to structural disease onset and progression, however, are not fully elucidated. Recent studies revealed that dysregulation of autophagy and endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) stress plays an important role in cardiac pathophysiology. We therefore examined the temporal and spatial expression patterns of autophagy and ER/SR stress indicators in murine AC models by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and electron microscopy. Cardiomyocytes overexpressing the autophagy markers LC3 and SQSTM1/p62 and containing prominent autophagic vacuoles were detected next to regions of inflammation and fibrosis during onset and chronic disease progression. mRNAs of the ER stress markers Chop and sXbp1 were elevated in both ventricles at disease onset. During chronic disease progression Chop mRNA was upregulated in right ventricles. In addition, reduced Ryr2 mRNA expression together with often drastically enlarged ER/SR cisternae further indicated SR dysfunction during this disease phase. Our observations support the hypothesis that locally altered autophagy and enhanced ER/SR stress play a role in AC pathogenesis both at the onset and during chronic progression.
Electromyogram-Based Classification of Hand and Finger Gestures Using Artificial Neural Networks

Electromyogram (EMG) signals have been increasingly used for hand and finger gesture recognition. However, most studies have focused on the wrist and whole-hand gestures and not on individual finger (IF) gestures, which are considered more challenging. In this study, we develop EMG-based hand/finger gesture classifiers based on fixed electrode placement using machine learning methods. Ten healthy subjects performed ten hand/finger gestures, including seven IF gestures. EMG signals were measured from three channels, and six time-domain (TD) features were extracted from each channel. A total of 18 features was used to build personalized classifiers for ten gestures with an artificial neural network (ANN), a support vector machine (SVM), a random forest (RF), and a logistic regression (LR). The ANN, SVM, RF, and LR achieved mean accuracies of 0.940, 0.876, 0.831, and 0.539, respectively. One-way analyses of variance and F-tests showed that the ANN achieved the highest mean accuracy and the lowest inter-subject variance in the accuracy, respectively, suggesting that it was the least affected by individual variability in EMG signals. Using only TD features, we achieved a higher ratio of gestures to channels than other similar studies, suggesting that the proposed method can improve the system usability and reduce the computational burden.
Influence of Warm Mix Additives on PMA Mixture Properties

The objective of the study in this paper was to investigate the influence of warm mix additives on polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) mixtures in regards to engineering properties. Twelve PMA mixtures (four control PMA mixtures and eight warm PMA mixtures) were prepared by using two additives (Aspha-min and Sasobit), two binder sources, and two aggregate sources. An evaluation of all PMA mixtures included the following testing procedures: tensile strength ratio, asphalt pavement analyzer, resilient modulus, and indirect tensile strength after longterm oven aging. The results from this research generally indicated that (1) the PMA mixtures containing the additives can satisfy the current Superpave mixture requirements (including moisture susceptibility and rutting resistance) and (2) no statistical differences existed between the control and the warm PMA mixtures for the properties that the authors evaluated in this study, suggesting using of WMA technologies in PMA mixes has no negative effect on the mixture’s engineering properties.
Development of Authentic Assessment Rubrics to Measure 21st Century Skills of Students in High School Sociology Learning

This article describes the research results carried out in developing an assessment instrument rubric capable of measuring the abilities of communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and problem-solving, and creativity and innovation (4 C) of students in high school sociology learning. This appraisal instrument was developed through research and development (R & D) using the formative evaluation model from Tessmer, with the preliminary stages, the self-evaluation stage, the prototyping stage (validation, evaluation, and revision), and the field test stage, so that it fulfills the requirements for a good assessment instrument. Three experts carried out the instrument rubric validation. 11 teachers carried out the practicality test in the one-to-one and small group stages. The effectiveness test was obtained through trials on subjects totaling 64 students from class XI IPS 1 and 2 at SMAN 2 Padang. The data analysis techniques used were qualitative and quantitative. A qualitative approach is used to analyze input from experts and teachers, and a quantitative approach is used to analyze the validation results, practicality questionnaires, and effectiveness scores. This research's product is a developed rubric consisting of 12 indicators for assessing communication skills, 13 indicators for assessing cooperation skills, 16 indicators for assessing critical thinking and problem-solving skills, 14 indicators for assessing creative abilities. The conclusions of this study are (1) the research procedure for the development of this rubric is following the formative evaluation model.
A Cutting-Edge Survey of Tribological Behavior Evaluation Using Artificial and Computational Intelligence Models

Any metal surface’s usefulness is essential in various applications such as machining and welding and aerospace and aerodynamic applications. There is a great deal of wear in metals, used widely in machines and appliances. The gradual loss of the upper metal layers in all metal parts is inevitable over the machine or component’s lifetime. Artificial intelligence implementations and computational models are being studied to evaluate different metals’ tribological behavior, as technological progress has been made in this field. Different neural networks were used for different metals. They are classified in this paper, together with a description of their benefits and inconveniences and an overview and use of the different types of wear. Artificial intelligence is a relatively new term that uses mechanical engineering. There is still no scientific progress to examine various metal wear cases and compare AI and computational models’ accuracy in wear behavior.
Macromolecular antioxidants for chemically durable polymer electrolyte fuel cell membranes

We investigated macromolecular antioxidants to improve the stabilities of polymer electrolyte membranes during fuel cell operation. Fenton's oxidative test was conducted to screen the scavenging activities of five different antioxidants, and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy and fluoride emission, conductivity, and tensile strength analyses were employed to monitor their effects on membrane degradation. The proton conductivities and water absorption of the composite membranes were comparable to those of the pristine membrane, which may overcome issues with metal antioxidants. Moreover, open‐circuit voltage (OCV) studies confirmed their positive effects during fuel operation. The OCV study showed that the membrane containing macromolecular antioxidants maintained a higher OCV than the pristine Nafion membrane, as verified by in situ analysis. Therefore, macromolecular antioxidants are useful for increasing the chemical durabilities of fuel cell membranes.
Soil Microorganisms Increase Mobility of Iron to Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Plants

Understanding the mechanisms involved in iron (Fe) toxicity tolerance of rice would help to develop technologies to ensure maximum utilization of affected lands. This study was conducted to investigate whether soil microorganisms affect Fe uptake by rice plant and whether there are any varietal differences in relation to rhizosphere oxidizing powers. Three rice varieties with different Fe toxicity tolerance capacities were selected [BW 267-3 (tolerant), BW 363 (moderately tolerant) and BW 272-6b (susceptible)]. A pot experiment was conducted in a three-factor factorial design; soil with and without