Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling incompressible flow in a pressure relief valve

Abstract Lift, blowdown and discharge of pressure relief valves depend ultimately on the flow structures generated within those valves. A report is made of an enquiry into the incompressible flow structure within such a valve. Commercial software is used to predict axisymmetric flow patterns inside a model of a real valve, and comparisons are made with the pressure distribution and force imposed on the real valve disc. The reliability of the simulation is further assessed using the oil-film technique to record reattachment lengths of separated shear layers. Results of the simulation are encouraging and have enabled flow regimes visible in the valve flow characteristic to be identified with the transition between separated flow patterns inside the valve.
Perceptions of gender roles and attitudes toward work among male and female operatives in the Scottish construction industry

The predominant image of construction is that of a male-dominated industry requiring brute strength and a good tolerance for outdoor conditions, inclement weather and bad language. Reconciling this image with women's participation in the construction industry is problematic. However, there are early signs of a cultural shift in the industry. This paper presents an empirical review of wome's roles within the industry and the ways in which people make sense of their working experience when traditional gender roles are challenged. Based on qualitative research, the study found that men in the industry regarded as the gatekeepers are now finding ways to respond to and make sense of a changing workplace, and the realities that women are now actively encouraged to participate, legally protected against discrimination and more highly represented in non-traditional areas of the construction industry. Women are also findings ways as apprentices and tradespeople to position themselves within this new environment. They identify ways of working that are more likely to ensure a smooth experience for themselves. While the stimulus for the changing face of the workplace is the notion of gender equality, the responses are not gender neutral. All players are trying to negotiate ways to integrate each other into a new environment in a manner which allows them to comfortably reconcile issues of gender.
Aerodynamic properties of cottonseeds

Abstract The terminal velocities and drag coefficients of cottonseeds were measured experimentally by means of the air velocities required to suspend the particles in an air stream. The effect of lint content was examined by grouping the particles according to mass. Terminal velocities were evaluated as functions of moisture content of the seeds. The influence of vertical air flow turbulence intensity on aerodynamic properties of cottonseeds was also examined. Terminal velocities of cottonseeds depend on lint content within the range 0 to about 4%, a higher lint content of up to 14% had little effect on terminal velocity. Terminal velocity increased from 5·8 to 10·0 m/s as the mass of seeds increased from 0·08 to 0·15 g within the entire range of lint content. Cottonseed terminal velocity increased as moisture content was raised from about 6–7% to 24–26% dry basis. Terminal velocity of cottonseeds decreased, when the turbulence intensity increased from 3·8 to 14·4% The drag coefficient of cottonseed was in the range 0·6–0·9.
Comments on "Relationship between group delay and stored energy in microwave filters"

For original paper, see ibid., vol.49, no.1, p.192-6 (2001). In the original paper, it is shown that the time-averaged stored energy in a passive lossless reciprocal symmetrical or antimetrical two-port is proportional to the group delay. The authors point out that some of their results were previously reported in a book by Penfield et al. (1970) and apologize for claiming credit for the work.
Influential Article Review - An Identity Approach to Sex Variations in Entrepreneurs’ Industry Growth Plans

This paper examines business growth and entrepreneurship. We present insights from a highly influential paper. Here are the highlights from this paper: The present empirical study explores the effects of gender role and cultural identity (masculinity and femininity) in mens’ and womens’ business growth intentions in established firms. A questionnaire survey was completed by 572 business owners (286 females). Results from moderated mediation regression analyses found that masculinity and femininity fully mediated the effects of entrepreneurs’ sex on business growth intentions. Females who had higher femininity orientation and independent self-construal reported lower growth intention compared to those with lower independent self-construal. The study extends theoretical and empirical research on the effects of identity on business growth intentions while applications of the results are discussed. For our overseas readers, we then present the insights from this paper in Spanish, French, Portuguese, and German.
Frequency and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Methicillin and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Bovine Milk

The increase in resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been an emerging threat in therapeutic areas of the dairy industry throughout the globe. The current study was conducted in bovines of district Faisalabad, Pakistan to investigate the phenotypic prevalence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) in milk samples positive for subclinical mastitis. The study further aimed to assess the associated risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern against MRSA and VRSA isolates. A total of 385 milk samples (n=193 cattle; n=192 buffalo) collected and screened for subclinical mastitis by surf field mastitis test (SFMT) were further subjected to standard microbiological techniques for the isolation of S. aureus. The positive isolates of S. aureus were phenotypically evaluated for MRSA and VRSA by the disc diffusion method. The study results revealed that out of 385 milk samples, 45.97% (177/385) samples were found positive for subclinical mastitis on SFMT while 37.14% (143/385) samples were confirmed for the presence of S. aureus. Out of these S. aureus isolates, MRSA and VRSA were confirmed in 17.48% (25/143) and 12.58% (18/143) samples respectively. The in-vitro trials of various antibiotics for MRSA and VRSA isolates showed 100% resistance towards Cefoxitin followed by 50% towards Gentamicin, Tylosin, and Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole then 25% to Oxytetracycline, and Fusidic acid while ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and linezolid were found sensitive against study isolates. The public health importance of S. aureus and emerging resistance against antibiotics like methicillin and vancomycin demands regular monitoring of effective use of antimicrobial agents against the isolates of VRSA and MRSA.
When is VE Training Effective? A Framework and Two Case Studies

There are a number of studies that suggest that virtual environment (VE) systems can facilitate transfer of training (Darken & Peterson, 2002; Péruch, Belingard, & Thinus-Blanc, 2000; Rose et al., 2001). Yet this benefit is not universal, as Brooks et al. (2002) found that VE training was not beneficial for a recognition task. Thus, VE training may facilitate some types of training tasks, while not benefiting others. As technology pushes training more frequently into highly immersive environments, it is important to delineate and examine characteristics of VE trainers (such as egocentric perspective or multimodal interactivity) and consider the impact these characteristics have on training tasks and desired outcomes. Towards this end, a preliminary framework is herein presented which suggests that specific characteristics of VE systems impact specific training outcomes. This effort presents two operationally-based case studies that begin to examine different parts of the proposed framework. The first study examines how egocentric perspective was introduced into helicopter navigator training to impact spatial knowledge acquisition; the second study investigates how a VE was used to introduce interactivity into training to improve training outcomes for procedural knowledge. Given the low number of participants, no substantive conclusions can be made; rather, the studies are framed as an initial approach to VE training effectiveness within a theoretical model.
Preliminary Comparison of Experimental and Analytical Efficiency Results of High-Speed Helical Gear Trains

An experimental and analytical comparison of the efficiency of high-speed helical gear trains is presented. Analyses of the gearing losses were conducted. Test data from a helical gear train at varying speeds and loads (to 3730 kW (5,000 hp) and 15,000 rpm) was collected. A comparison of the results indicated that the operational conditions of the gearing system effects the loss contributions of the various mechanisms and therefore the overall efficiency of the gear system.Copyright © 2003 by ASME
The Impact of Structured versus Less-Structured Days on Weight-Related Behaviors in Rural Children

Abstract Research utilizing the ‘Structured Days Hypothesis’ suggests that children’s weight-related behaviors are more favorable on days with more structure, routine, and consistency. The purpose of this study was to investigate weight-related behaviors of rural children on ‘structured’ versus ‘less-structured’ days. A 14-day repeated measures observational study was conducted of 52 parent-child dyads (child mean age 9.2 ± SD 1.9 years; 60% female). Participating parents/guardians reported evening screen-time and sleep (duration and timing). Mixed effect models compared behaviors between structured (e.g., school or camp day) and less-structured days (no formal program). Parent reported sleep duration of their child was −63 minutes/night less (95%CI: −74.6, −50.7 min/night), bed/wake times were earlier, and all children engaged in less screen time after 8:00PM on structured days compared to less-structured days (−34.5 min, 95%CI: −42.0, −27.1). Initial evidence suggests that on structured days children engage in favorable weight-related behaviors compared to less-structured days. Additional research with larger and more diverse samples of rural children is warranted; however, given preliminary findings social work practitioners in rural communities should increase social service-related program and planning that promote interventions focused on positive changes in children’s weight related behaviors.
Parasitic extraction methodology for insulated gate bipolar transistors

This paper presents a methodology for extraction of the electrical package parasitics of insulated gate bipolar transistor power modules using simple electrical measurements. Nonidealities of device performance in zero-voltage and zero-current switching are exploited to obtain the parasitic collector and emitter inductance. Simple impedance measurements are performed to extract gate inductance and resistance. The extraction methodology is validated by comparing two-dimensional numerical simulation results including package parasitics with measured data. A close match between the two indicates the robustness of the extraction procedure.
Views of healthcare consumer representatives on defensive practice: ‘We are your biggest advocate and supporter… not the enemy’

The patient–clinician interaction is a site at which defensive practice could occur, when clinicians provide tests, procedures and treatments mainly to reduce perceived legal risks, rather than to advance patient care. Defensive practice is a driver of low‐value care and exposes patients to the risks of unnecessary interventions. To date, patient perspectives on defensive practice and its impacts on them are largely missing from the literature. This exploratory study conducted in Australia aimed to examine the views and experiences of healthcare consumer representatives in this under‐examined area.
Identification of key genes and microRNAs for multiple sclerosis using bioinformatics analysis

Abstract To better understand the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), we aimed to identify the key genes and microRNAs (miRNA) associated with MS and analyze their interactions. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEMs) based on the gene miRNA dataset GSE17846 and mRNA dataset GSE21942 were determined using R software. Next, we performed functional enrichment analysis and constructed a protein–protein interaction network. Data validation was performed to ensure the reliability of hub genes. The miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed. In total, 47 DEMs and 843 DEGs were identified. Protein–protein interaction network analysis identified several hub genes, including JUN, FPR2, AKT1, POLR2L, LYZ, CXCL8, HBB, CST3, CTSZ, and MMP9, especially LYZ and CXCL8. We constructed an miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and found that hsa-miR-142-3p, hsa-miR-107, hsa-miR-140-5p, and hsa-miR-613 were the most important miRNAs. This study reveals some key genes and miRNAs that may be involved in the pathogenesis of MS, providing potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of MS.
Thermodynamic Analysis and Comparison Study of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and a Kalina Cycle for Waste Heat Recovery of Compressor Intercooling

The intercooling of multi-stage compressors contributes to reducing the power consumption of compressors and the waste heat is generally taken away by cooling water, which is a great waste of energy. This paper employs an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) or a Kalina cycle to recover the waste heat of compressor intercooling. The mathematical models of ORC and Kalina cycle are established by MATLAB software to simulate the ORC system and the Kalina cycle system under steady-state conditions. A parametric analysis is conducted to evaluate the effects of several key thermodynamic parameters on the system performance. In addition, a parametric optimization is carried out to find the optimum performance of waste heat recovery system from thermodynamic aspect. The results showed that, for the ORC system, there is an optimum value of turbine inlet pressure with the state of working fluid being saturated vapor that yields the minimum net power consumption of the system; whereas for the Kalina cycle system, in some ranges of accessible operation conditions, a higher turbine inlet pressure, a lower turbine inlet temperature and a lower ammonia mass fraction of basic solution could obtain a less net power consumption of the system. The optimization results indicated that the Kalina cycle system shows a better performance than the ORC system.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Calmodulin-Connexin Partnership in Gap Junction Channel Regulation-Calmodulin-Cork Gating Model

In the past four decades numerous findings have indicated that gap junction channel gating is mediated by intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+i]) in the high nanomolar range via calmodulin (CaM). We have proposed a CaM-based gating model based on evidence for a direct CaM role in gating. This model is based on the following: CaM inhibitors and the inhibition of CaM expression to prevent chemical gating. A CaM mutant with higher Ca2+ sensitivity greatly increases gating sensitivity. CaM co-localizes with connexins. Connexins have high-affinity CaM-binding sites. Connexin mutants paired to wild type connexins have a higher gating sensitivity, which is eliminated by the inhibition of CaM expression. Repeated trans-junctional voltage (Vj) pulses progressively close channels by the chemical/slow gate (CaM’s N-lobe). At the single channel level, the gate closes and opens slowly with on-off fluctuations. Internally perfused crayfish axons lose gating competency but recover it by the addition of Ca-CaM to the internal perfusion solution. X-ray diffraction data demonstrate that isolated gap junctions are gated at the cytoplasmic end by a particle of the size of a CaM lobe. We have proposed two types of CaM-driven gating: “Ca-CaM-Cork” and “CaM-Cork”. In the first, the gating involves Ca2+-induced CaM activation. In the second, the gating occurs without a [Ca2+]i rise.
Lethal and sublethal effects of fenazaquin and acequinocyl on demographic and some biochemical parameters of Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

ABSTRACT A major pest of citrus orchards in northern regions of Iran is Panonychus citri which is mainly controlled by using chemical acaricides. Knowledge of the lethal and sublethal effects of pesticides on pests is necessary for successful performance of each control programme. In this study, the toxicities of fenazaquin and acequinocyl as well as the effects of the sublethal concentration LC20 and LC30 on demographic and some biochemical traits of P. citri offspring were studied. The results showed that the toxicity of acequinocyl was 2.18 times higher than that of fenazaquin. The developmental time of females was influenced and prolonged by sublethal concentrations of both acaricides. Sublethal concentration effects of both acaricides considerably decreased the total fecundity. A significant reduction was observed in the net reproduction rate (R0 ), and intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) of the mites exposed to LC20 and LC30 concentrations of both acaricides compared to control. Both acaricides showed a negative impact on the content of lipid, carbohydrate, and glycogen. The LC20 concentration of fenazaquin resulted in an increase in general esterase activity, and both acaricides inhibited glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities. Our findings show that the sublethal doses of both acaricides had adverse effects on the biological and physiological characters of P. citri.
Global Genome Diversity and Recombination in Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Genomic changes in Mycoplasma pneumoniae caused by adaptation to environmental or ecologic pressures are poorly understood. We collected M. pneumoniae from children who had confirmed pneumonia in Taiwan during 2017–2020. We used whole-genome sequencing to compare these isolates with a worldwide collection of current and historical clinical strains for characterizing population structures. A phylogenetic tree for 284 strains showed that all sequenced strains consisted of 5 clades: T1–1 (sequence type [ST]1), T1–2 (mainly ST3), T1–3 (ST17), T2–1 (mainly ST2), and T2–2 (mainly ST14). We identified a putative recombination block containing 6 genes (MPN366‒371). Macrolide resistance involving 23S rRNA mutations was detected for each clade. Clonal expansion of macrolide resistance occurred mostly within subtype 1 strains, of which clade T1–2 showed the highest recombination rate and genome diversity. Functional characterization of recombined regions provided clarification of the biologic role of these recombination events in the evolution of M. pneumoniae.
Function and Inhibitory Mechanisms of Multidrug Efflux Pumps

Multidrug efflux pumps are inner membrane transporters that export multiple antibiotics from the inside to the outside of bacterial cells, contributing to bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR). Postgenomic analysis has demonstrated that numerous multidrug efflux pumps exist in bacteria. Also, the co-crystal structural analysis of multidrug efflux pumps revealed the drug recognition and export mechanisms, and the inhibitory mechanisms of the pumps. A single multidrug efflux pump can export multiple antibiotics; hence, developing efflux pump inhibitors is crucial in overcoming infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. This review article describes the role of multidrug efflux pumps in MDR, and their physiological functions and inhibitory mechanisms.
Time Dependent Analysis of Tunnels Using The Finite Element Method

The analyses of tunnels in clay were carried out taking into consideration two great important and effective categories, the time independent and time dependent. Time independent behaviours are used to represent the excavation stage while time dependent analyses are used to represent the behaviour of the unlined tunnel after a long time. The finite element analyses were carried out using the linear elastic model for the concrete liner while elasto-plastic and modified Cam clay model for the soil. The excavation has been used together with transient effects through a fully coupled Biot formulation. All these models and the excavation technique together with Biot consolidation are implemented into finite element computer program named "ModfCRISP" developed for the purpose of these analyses. In this paper, the basic problem represents the proposed "Baghdad metro line" which consists of two routes of (32 km) long and 36 stations is analyzed. The tunnel is circular in cross section with a (5.9) m outer diameter and (0.45) m of concrete lining thickness. Eight-node isoparametric elements are used to model the soil and concrete lining. Four-node element is used for pore water pressure. Two kinds of analyses are carried out: a- Using elastic-plastic constitutive model for all soil layers. b- Using modified Cam clay model (MCC) for the first soil layer (upper layer) and elastic-plastic Mohr Coulomb for the other two layers. The movements of the soil around the tunnel at the end of excavation at typical points (crown, spring line and the invert) are calculated. The results indicate that there is an inward movement at the crown and this movement is restricted to four and a half tunnel diameters. A limited movement can be noticed at spring line which reaches 0.05% of tunnel diameter, while there is a heave at the region below the invert, which reaches its maximum value of about 0.14% of the diameter and is also restricted to a
Model of Humanism Education based on Local Wisdom in Elementary School in Bali

This article aims to discuss the model of humanism education based on local wisdom in elementary schools (SD) in Bali. This research is qualitative research whose data collection was obtained through literature study, observation, and interviews with education observers, parents, and education administrators, in Denpasar, Badung, and Gianyar. The results of the data obtained were analyzed descriptively by applying the learning theory of humanism. The results of the study show that first, some of the humanism education materials based on local wisdom in elementary schools were studied based on the principles of Balinese Hindu cultural values, namely Catur Asrama (four stages of life), Tatwam Asi (life filosofy), Tri Kaya Parisudha (three concept of human behavior), and Tri Hita Karana (three concept of human relation). The cultural values of local wisdom are synergized with materials sports to hone intelligence kinesthetic students, materials science and mathematics to hone intellectual (academic) intelligence, as well as language material (Indonesian, English), social sciences, arts-culture, and religion to hone social intelligence, intelligence mental, and spiritual intelligence of students. Second, the principles of local wisdom were applied so that students have a holistic intelligence that intelligence has a physical dimension, intellect (logical reasoning), social, mental, and spiritual.
Multivariable closed-loop flow control of drag and yaw moment for a 3D bluff body

A multivariable closed-loop active flow control strategy to reduce the drag coefficient and yaw moment of a 3-dimensional bluff body is presented and applied in wind tunnel experiments. The relevant flow characteristics are investigated and discussed for several crosswind angles from 0 ◦ to 10 ◦ at Reynolds numbers from 300000 to 500000. Dynamic black-box models are identified from experimental data and a robust multivariable H∞-controller is synthesized using the mixed-sensitivity loop-shaping approach. The controller’s capability to reduce the drag coefficient by more than 22 % corresponding t net power savings of about 15 % as well as its performance to suppress disturbances of the yaw moment during cross-wind gusts are demonstrated in experiments.