Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of l-lysine on the permeation and antifouling performance of polyamide thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes

Polyamide thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were prepared in this study. l-Lysine is used as a type of aqueous additive during interfacial polymerization. As a result, the pure water flux (PWF) of the resulting membranes increased by around 18% and their salt rejection improved from 98.17% to 98.40% at an optimum l-lysine dosage of 0.1 wt%. Additionally, the anti-fouling properties of the resulting membranes were enhanced. The chemical structure of the membranes was investigated using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The morphologies of the top surface and cross-section of the membranes were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, contact angle (CA) and zeta potential measurements were carried out to determine the surface properties of the membranes. The results showed that the TFC RO membrane became thinner, smoother, smaller in surface area, more hydrophilic and more negatively charged after the introduction of l-lysine. Accordingly, the reason for the enhancement in the PWF and anti-fouling properties of the TFC RO membranes with the introduction of l-lysine was analyzed. The thinner selective layer (increase in concentration gradient across the membrane) with carboxyl groups (hydrogen bond interactions) and loose structure (greater free volume and sub-nanometer pores) resulted in low hydraulic resistance to the permeability of the polyamide selective layer, which led to the enhancement in PWF. Also, the smoother and more hydrophilic top surface and the increase in negative charges in the selective layer contribute to the improvement in anti-fouling property.
Paramisophria walteri a new Arietellidae (Copepoda, Calanoida) from Midway Island

ABSTRACT A new species of the genus Paramisophria T. Scott 1897 (Copepoda: Calanoida) was collected from coastal waters off Midway Island. Paramisophria walteri sp. nov., along with Paramisophria variabilis, Paramisophria platysoma and Paramisophria bathyalis, are the only representatives of the genus sharing four armature elements on the third exopod article of the male left leg 5. The new species can be easily distinguished from P. variabilis by differences in the armature elements on third exopod article of the male left leg 5 (terminal spine pinnate, plus three subequal spines, compared with terminal spine naked, plus two subequal spines and one short process in P. variabilis). The new species can be easily distinguished from P. platysoma by its symmetrical prosome (prosome asymmetrical in P. platysoma), and the endopodal lobes of the female leg 5 each bearing one long plumose seta (setae are lacking in P. platysoma). Significant differences between the new species and P. bathyalis include the 4 + 1 armature elements of the maxillulary praecoxal arthrite (5 + 1 in P. bathyalis); and the third exopod article of the male right leg 5 with three distal stout spines, compared with one slender inner seta plus two thin subequal outer setae in P. bathyalis. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Paramisophria are re-examined and discussed.
Is vitamin D status associated with non-communicable disease risk in children? A cohort study

Background: Studies in children and adults have reported variations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) over time. Furthermore, there has been a reported association of 25(OH)D with BMI, BP and lipid levels in some cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Methods: This is a longitudinal study of a group of adolescents with measurements of 25(OH)D, BP, anthropometry and lipids at the ages of 11, 12 13, 15 and 18–20 years. For age-related changes, year 12 participants (n = 261) were matched with year 18–20 participants (n = 368), resulting in 200 paired participants. Longitudinal analyses using the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) comprised the following groups of participants, Year 11 (n = 288), Year 12 (n = 253), Year 13 (n = 292), Year 15 (n = 238) and Year 18–20 (n = 368). The relationship of 25(OH)D with BMI, BP and lipid levels over a period of 10 years was assessed. Results: There were significant increases in mean BMI and BP, and decreases in 25(OH)D levels with age (all p-values < 0.0001). In females, systolic BP was significantly higher in older participants (18–20) years than younger participants (12 years), but 25(OH)D was significantly higher in younger than older participants. In males, there was significant increase in BP in participants between age 12 years and 18–20 years. 25(OH)D, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were significantly lower in 18–20-year-old participants compared with 12-year-old participants. Longitudinally, 25(OH)D was inversely associated with LDL-C. Conclusion: There is evidence of changes in 25(OH)D, BMI and BP in adolescents over a period of 10 years. After adjusting for covariates, BMI and LDL-C were significantly negatively associated with 25(OH)D, which suggests that vitamin D status might be associated positively with favourable lipid profiles in children and adolescents.
Behaviors of ALSEP Organic Extractants: an Atomic Perspective Derived from Molecular Dynamics Simulation

ABSTRACT Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on mixtures of N,N,N′,N′-tetra(2-ethylhexyl)diglycolamide (T2EHDGA) and 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester (HEHEHP) extractants in a dodecane-water system in order to understand the organization and interfacial behavior of extractants in the Actinide-Lanthanide Separation (ALSEP) process. The dynamic behavior and coordination environments of these extractants near the interface were investigated as a function of aqueous nitric acid concentration in the range 0–6 M HNO3. To gain a complete molecular picture of the extractants’ interfacial behaviors, the effects of varying acidity were scrutinized in the context of spatial distributions of extractants within a given phase, chemical interactions, interfacial orientation, and extractant conformation. While the composition of the interfacial solvent mixing region changed with increasing acidity, the behavior of both extractants exhibited very little response to the varying acid levels, but in their own distinct manner. HEHEHP was found to express a specific interfacial behavior marked by a stronger affinity for the interface, with the polar POOH head group being oriented toward the interface and the alkyl chains residing in a constrained conformation. The larger and more flexible extractant, T2EHDGA, is less strongly associated with the interfacial region, on average dwells deeper into the organic phase, and displays orientations and conformations that are more like those of bulk organic phase T2EHDGA molecules than the ordered HEHEHP molecules.
Definitely Maybe: Hedges And Boosters in the HCI Literature

Introduction: Hedges and boosters are terms respectively used to decrease and increase the strength of statements. They are therefore essential lexical tools in scientific communication, in particular in fields conducting human-subjects experiments such as Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Objectives: We present an analysis of the use of hedges and boosters in the proceedings of the main HCI conference, namely CHI, between 2010 and 2018 to better understand how CHI authors report empirical findings.Methods: We only considered papers reporting a user study and focused our analysis on the sentences in the abstract that describe empirical results. We used a program to detect boosters and hedges and manually adjusted their classifications.Results: We found that CHI studies reporting inferential statistics are more likely to boost than they hedge. Conclusion: Our work intends to raise awareness within the HCI community of the importance of hedging and boosting when reporting research results. Further, our results establish a baseline of the current use of these linguistic devices in HCI, adding to the current body of linguistic research. We finally contribute tools, procedures, and materials to facilitate future analyses of hedges and boosters in scientific communication. Reproducibility: All data and scripts are available on https://osf.io/kefmr/
Climate-Resilient Grazing in the Pastures of Queensland: An Integrated Remotely Piloted Aircraft System and Satellite-Based Deep-Learning Method for Estimating Pasture Yield

The aim of this research is to expand recent developments in the mapping of pasture yield with remotely piloted aircraft systems to that of satellite-borne imagery. To date, spatially explicit and accurate information of the pasture resource base is needed for improved climate-adapted livestock rangeland grazing. This study developed deep learning predictive models of pasture yield, as total standing dry matter in tonnes per hectare (TSDM (tha−1)), from field measurements and both remotely piloted aircraft systems and satellite imagery. Repeated remotely piloted aircraft system structure measurements derived from structure from motion photogrammetry provided measures of pasture biomass from many overlapping high-resolution images. These measurements were taken throughout a growing season and were modelled with persistent photosynthetic pasture responses from various Planet Dove high spatial resolution satellite image-derived vegetation indices. Pasture height modelling as an input to the modelling of yield was assessed against terrestrial laser scanning and reported correlation coefficients (R2) from 0.3 to 0.8 for both a coastal grassland and inland woodland pasture. Accuracy of the predictive modelling from both the remotely piloted aircraft system and the Planet Dove satellite image estimates of pasture yield ranged from 0.8 to 1.8 TSDM (tha−1). These results indicated that the practical application of repeated remotely piloted aircraft system derived measures of pasture yield can, with some limitations, be scaled-up to satellite-borne imagery to provide more temporally and spatially explicit measures of the pasture resource base.
Famennian inertinite-bearing marine shale facies as indicator of wildfire event in north of Gondwana

ABSTRACT The Late Devonian witnessed landscape evolution, increased atmospheric O2 level, intense organic and volcanic activities and initial expansion of earliest wildfires. This paper is focused on petrographic and geochemical studies of Famennian inertinite-bearing marine shale facies in northern Kerman (central Iran), a Late Devonian key area in north of Gondwana.Our studies point to a wildfire activity. During the Famennian, the wildfire activity occurred in lowland vegetation (covered by lycopods) under warm and humid conditions. The moderately hot burning temperature (446.7°C to 487.9°C) of the fire and the type of the land vegetation suggest prevalence of a surface wildfire. Following the burning of the land plants, the ground became exposed to weathering that could result in erosion of the soil. Inputs of terrestrial organic matter, nutrients (particularly phosphate) and detrital materials into a nearshore marine environment were mainly controlled by proximity of the depositional environment to the terrestrial source, intense continental weathering of rocks and the soil in the land, wildfire and continental runoff during rainfall. Generally, preservation and enrichment of organic matter and formation of macerals were controlled by wildfire activity, transportation, oxidation, bacterial/fungal degradation and detrital input.
Unbalanced growth in the labourscape: explaining regional employment divergence

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the role of human capital in explaining divergent employment growth within advanced economies. It adds a spatial dimension to William J. Baumol’s theory of ‘unbalanced growth’ by linking it with the concept of ‘job polarization’. We develop a theory of ‘geographical unbalanced growth’ that explains divergent employment trajectories in terms of skill restructuring. The theory is operationalized via a novel shift–share extension, which is applied to Australian data. We find evidence of ongoing regional divergence and for our proposed mechanism. The findings reinforce the importance of active policies to attract high-skilled jobs to non-metropolitan regions.
A “Token of Love”: the role of emotions in student field trips teaching critical development geographies

ABSTRACT This paper explores the roles and relationships of emotions in the promotion of critical development geographies, as engendered through a student field trip from a university in the so-called Global North to a country in the so-called Global South. Through a case-study involving a field trip led by the authors taking Masters students from the UK to Nepal, we find that emotions are integral to the pedagogical process and critical political potential of the trip. We show how emotions are central to the connections students create with people and places during the trip, and to their learning within it, particularly around questions of positionality, privilege and power. We highlight crucial emotions of curiosity and care, demonstrating however that these do not emerge out of nowhere, but rather can be deliberately cultivated by reflective pedagogies and practices. We argue that when conducted sensitively; involving reflective pedagogies and close collaborations, field trips to the so-called Global South can promote critical learning on questions of global justice, that are in line with demands to decolonize academia, geography and development geographies specifically.
Feeding habits of Equus conversidens and Haringtonhippus francisci from Valsequillo, Puebla, México

ABSTRACT The diets of two equid species, the medium-sized Equus conversidens and the small-sized Haringtonhippus francisci from the Valsequillo region, Puebla, México, were characterised using the dental wear to micro-level. The results indicate that E. conversidens was a mixed feeder with a tendency to browse, whereas H. francisci was a mixed feeder with preferences to ingest abrasive resources. The differences in dietary behaviour, body mass, and mobility (such as home range or migration), could explain the coexistence of these species in Valsequillo during the Pleistocene.
thaliana Arabidopsis following fast-neutron irradiation mutagenesis of Genome-wide analysis of mutations in mutant lineages selected Material Supplemental

Material Supplemental http://genome.cshlp. org/content/suppl/2012/04/06/gr.131474. 111.DC1. html References http://genome.cshlp. org/content/22/7/1306.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 37 articles, 17 of which can be accessed free at: License Commons Creative . http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ described at a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License), as ). After six months, it is available under http://genome.cshlp. org/site/misc/terms.xhtml first six months after the full-issue publication date (see This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the
silencing pathways de-repression of repeat elements and redundant epigenetic Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in LSH mutant reveals Material Supplemental

Material Supplemental http://genome.cshlp. org/content/suppl/2014/08/01/gr.172015. 114.DC1. html P<P Published online August 28, 2014 in advance of the print journal. License Commons Creative . http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ described at a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as ). After six months, it is available under http://genome.cshlp. org/site/misc/terms.xhtml first six months after the full-issue publication date (see This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the
Changes in prefrontal cortex near infrared spectroscopy activity as a function of difficulty in a visual P300 paradigm

The P300 event-related potential is an index of attentional resources related to target detection. Source localization and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research has indicated that, among other regions, the prefrontal cortex contributes to the generation of the P300. Similar to fMRI, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy measures change in blood oxygen levels, but offers several advantages including portability, low expense, and superior temporal resolution. No studies to date have examined the extent to which prefrontal cortex NIR spectroscopy measures are active during the P300 paradigm. To address this knowledge gap, participants completed a two-difficulty visual oddball task in which NIR spectroscopy and P300 data were collected in a counterbalanced order. Confirmatory results indicate that the P300 event-related potential is attenuated as a function of task difficulty. Similarly, NIR spectroscopy measures of oxygenated hemoglobin in the right medial prefrontal cortex are attenuated as a function of task difficulty. The results suggest that prefrontal cortex NIR spectroscopy measures are sensitive to task difficulty in a visual P300 oddball task.
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for diagnosis of invasive fungal infectious diseases: a narrative review

Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) remain important causes of high morbidity and mortality in many immunosuppressed patients. Accurate etiology diagnosis coupled with subsequent initiation of effective treatment is crucial for severe or critical IFDs. As conventional diagnostic approaches require the successful culture of pathogenic organisms or suspicion of certain pathogens before testing, the implementation of non-targeted metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is rapidly increasing in IFDs. mNGS is a high-throughput sequencing technology that provides direct information on nucleic acids from various types of specimens without relying on culture and hypothesis. It can detect all potential pathogens in theory and is especially useful for identifying unknown, rare, newly emerging or mixed infections. Currently, the clinical application of mNGS in the diagnosis of IFDs may be in the most difficult cases to diagnose or for patients who are intolerant to invasive operations, immunocompromised, or seriously ill. Studies have shown that the sensitivity and specificity of mNGS in fungal diagnosis are better than culture and histopathology. However, some hurdles to mNGS testing in the diagnosis of IFDs remain to be addressed, including high costs, influence of human host background, exogenous microbial contamination, poor detection efficiency of thickwall fungi, etc. With strategies developed to overcome these obstacles, mNGS is expected to be a routine diagnostic method of IFDs in clinical practice.
Extracting ‘legacy loci’ from an invertebrate sequence capture data set

Sequence capture studies result in rich data sets comprising hundreds to thousands of targeted genomic regions that are superseding Sanger‐based data sets comprised of a few well‐known loci with historical uses in phylogenetics (‘legacy loci’). However, integrating sequence capture and Sanger‐based data sets is of interest as legacy loci can include different types of loci (e.g. mitochondrial and nuclear) across a potentially larger sample of species from past studies. Sequence capture data sets include nontargeted sequences, and there has been recent interest in extracting legacy loci from invertebrate data sets. Here, we use published legacy data from leaf‐footed bugs (Hemiptera: Coreoidea) to recover 15 mitochondrial and seven nuclear legacy loci from off‐target sequences in a sequence capture data set, explore approaches to improve legacy locus recovery, and combine these loci with sequence capture data for phylogenetic analysis. Two nuclear loci were determined to already be targeted by sequence capture baits. Most of the remaining loci were successfully recovered from off‐target sequences, but this recovery varied greatly. Additionally, complementing complete mitogenomes with additional reference mitochondrial sequences from a genetic depository did not offer improvement for most of our taxa; however, supplementing these reference sequences with extracted legacy loci offered ≥6% improvement across taxa for a given mitochondrial locus (negligible improvement for nuclear loci). Phylogenetic analysis of legacy and sequence capture data produced a topology generally congruent with recent studies, but support was lower. Thus, future studies may employ the approaches used in this study to integrate legacy data with newly generated sequence capture data sets without added expenses.
Observed Methane Uptake and Emissions at the Ecosystem Scale and Environmental Controls in a Subtropical Forest

Methane (CH4) is one of the three most important greenhouse gases. To date, observations of ecosystem-scale methane (CH4) fluxes in forests are currently lacking in the global CH4 budget. The environmental factors controlling CH4 flux dynamics remain poorly understood at the ecosystem scale. In this study, we used a state-of-the-art eddy covariance technique to continuously measure the CH4 flux from 2016 to 2018 in a subtropical forest of Zhejiang Province in China, quantify the annual CH4 budget and investigate its control factors. We found that the total annual CH4 budget was 1.15 ± 0.28~4.79 ± 0.49 g CH4 m−2 year−1 for 2017–2018. The daily CH4 flux reached an emission peak of 0.145 g m−2 d−1 during winter and an uptake peak of −0.142 g m−2 d−1 in summer. During the whole study period, the studied forest region acted as a CH4 source (78.65%) during winter and a sink (21.35%) in summer. Soil temperature had a negative relationship (p < 0.01; R2 = 0.344) with CH4 flux but had a positive relationship with soil moisture (p < 0.01; R2 = 0.348). Our results showed that soil temperature and moisture were the most important factors controlling the ecosystem-scale CH4 flux dynamics of subtropical forests in the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province, China. Subtropical forest ecosystems in China acted as a net source of methane emissions from 2016 to 2018, providing positive feedback to global climate warming.
Peningkatan Produktivitas Usaha Sambal Kemasan Bagi Usaha Kecil Menengah

Program PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas produksi sambal di Dusun Leses Kabupaten Malang. Sambal merupakan salah satu unsur khas hidangan Indonesia. Ada bermacam-macam variasi sambal yang berasal dari berbagai daerah. Masyarakat kota Malang yang didominasi remaja dan mahasiswa baik dalam kota maupun luar kota Malang rata-rata menyukai makanan dengan citarasa pedas atau menggunakan sambal. Permintaan pasar akan sambal kemasan di kawasan ini semakin meningkat. Lokasi mitra Dapur Uni Amel berada di RT 04 / RW 09 Dusun Leses, Kelurahan Ngijo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. UKM Dapur Uni Amel yang dimiliki oleh Ibu Darnety ini telah berproduksi sejak tahun 2017. Mitra UKM telah berusaha untuk mengembangkan produksinya dengan menambah varian jenis sambal. Hingga saat ini ada 5 macam varian rasa yang berhasil diproduksi yaitu: Sambal hijau, Sambal merah, Sambal bawang, Sambal teri dan Sambal pencit. Beberapa kendala utama yang dapat diungkapkan disini adalah kurangnya modal pembuatan produksi sambal, sehingga produksi dilakukan dengan skala kecil yang menyebabkan cash flow tidak terjadi dengan baik. Proses produksi pada mitra masih menggunakan alat-alat masak yang sederhana dan masih manual menggunakan cobek, yang tentunya kesulitan jika pesanan yang masuk banyak. Ada beberapa tahap dalam proses produk pembuatan sambal, dikarenakan ada beberapa varian rasa dan tiap varian sambal memiliki proses yang berbeda. Penyelesaian masalah yang dialami mitra melalui pelatihan peningkatan kualitas sistem pengelolaan keuangan UKM, pelatihan manajemen organisasi, pengadaan alat produksi yaitu mesin sealer plastik dan mesin penggiling sambal.