Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Progressive Ranking and Composition of Web Services with Interaction Relationship

Service-oriented computing is a new software development paradigm that allows application developers to select available services from the Internet and to form new web services . A main problem is how to efficiently determine the most appropriate web services that will be combine d into an application based on their functionalities, licensing costs, and reliability. Bryce et al . make use of the group testing results, and then progressively select the best component WS to construct the composite service by using interaction testing. However, they consider only pair-wise (2-way) interaction among any two component WS. In really composite service, there are not always interactions among any component WS, and some component WS may need N -way ( N >2) testing since there is a closer relationship among them. We extend the model of interaction testing for WS with interaction relationship and propose a greedy algorithm for construc ting variable covering arrays with bias. Experimental results show that our approach can cover more important interactions among web services earlier.
Comparison of the stannous chloride and vanadate methods for estimation of serum inorganic phosphorus by use of the "SMA 12-60".

We compared results of the stannous chloride and vanadate methods for estimating serum inorganic phosphorus on the "SMA 12/60" (Technicon). The technically simpler vanadate method gave better linearity and reproducibility, with virtually no carry-over or baseline drift; the reagents were stable, and it was most important to ensure that the concentration of sulfuric acid in the recipient and sample streams was identical. Instability in the stannous chloride method was due to precipitation in the stannous chloride-hydrazine working solution.
A Framework for Space Systems Architecture under Stakeholder Objectives Ambiguity

Matching high ambitions with scarce resources is one of the primary challenges of aerospace and other industries concerned with the development of unprecedented infrastructures, on par with the technical challenges associated with developing new technology. Stakeholder objectives are often unclear due to highly exploratory business cases. Further ambiguity emerges from disagreement between stakeholders and decision makers called to formulate scientific, technological and policy requirements for new systems.
Nutritional Evaluation of Garden Cress Chikki

Background: Chikki is a popular traditional sweet snack of India. It can be made nutrient dense with the supplementation of garden cress seeds which contain a remarkable percent of protein, fat, energy, minerals and vitamins. The present study aimed to perform nutritional evaluation of the nutrient rich garden cress chikki. Materials and methods: Roasted garden cress seeds were supplemented in chikki at the level of 25 percent to make it nutrient dense and nutritional evaluation of control and supplemented chikki was performed to analyze their proximate composition, amino acids, fatty acid composition, minerals, in-vitro starch and protein digestibility and anti nutritional factors. Results and discussion: The supplemented chikki contained significantly (p ≤ 0.01) higher percentage of protein (14.47%), fat (21%), ash (4.5%), fibre (2.90%) and energy (482 Kcal/ 100 g) than control chikki. amino acids content and fatty acid composition were also found to be increased in garden cress chikki as compared to control chikki. It also provided significantly (p ≤ 0.01) improved amount of calcium (163.57 mg/100g), iron (9.92 mg/100g), and zinc (2.24mg /100 g) with increased per cent ionizable iron (11.97%) and its per cent bioavailability (6.11 %). The supplemented chikki was found with increased oxalates (73.88mg/100g) and phytin phosphorus content (286.1 mg / 100 g) which decreased the in vitro digestibility of starch (57.92 %) and protein (82.27 %) in supplemented chikki. Conclusion: Roasted garden cress seeds supplemented chikki was found richer in proximate, amino acids and fatty acid composition than control chikki which has potential to be fed to poor and malnourished children through various supplementary feeding programmers.
Playing Games without Observing Payoffs

Optimization under uncertainty is central to a number of fields, and it is by now well-known that one can learn to play a repeated game without ap rioriknowledge of the game, as long as one observes the payoffs (even if one does not see the opponent's play). We consider the complementary scenario in which one does not observe the payoffs but does observe the opponent's play. Curiously, we show that for an interesting class of games one can still learn to play well. In particular, for any symmetric two-person game, one can nearly match the payoff of the opponent (who may have full knowledge of the game), without ever observing a single payoff. The approach employed is a familiar one: attempt to mimic the opponent's play. However, one has to be careful about how one mimics an opponent who may know that they are being mimicked. This paper has two contributions: it (a) extends our understanding of optimization under uncertainty by modeling a new setting in which one can play games optimally; and (b) introduces a new algorithm for being a copycat, one which is strategically sound even against an opponent with a superior informational advantage.
Design rules for nonlinear spectral compression in optical fibers

We present comprehensive design rules to optimize the process of spectral compression arising from nonlinear pulse propagation in an optical fiber. Extensive numerical simulations are used to predict the performance characteristics of the process as well as to identify the optimal operational conditions within the space of system parameters. It is shown that the group velocity dispersion of the fiber is not detrimental and, in fact, helps achieve optimum compression. We also demonstrate that near-transform-limited rectangular and parabolic pulses can be generated in the region of optimum compression.
Hot-Electron Bolometer Mixers on Silicon-on-Insulator Substrates for Terahertz Frequencies

A terahertz Hot-Electron Bolometer (HEB) mixer design using device substrates based on Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology is described. This substrate technology allows very thin chips (6 pm) with almost arbitrary shape to be manufactured, so that they can be tightly fitted into a waveguide structure and operated at very high frequencies with only low risk for power leakages and resonance modes. The NbTiN-based bolometers are contacted by gold beam-leads, while other beamleads are used to hold the chip in place in the waveguide test fixture. The initial tests yielded an equivalent receiver noise temperature of 3460 K double-sideband at a local oscillator frequency of 1.462 THz and an intermediate frequency of 1.4 GHz.
Dual-Mode Electro-Optical Techniques for Biosensing Applications: A Review

The monitoring of biomolecular interactions is a key requirement for the study of complex biological processes and the diagnosis of disease. Technologies that are capable of providing label-free, real-time insight into these interactions are of great value for the scientific and clinical communities. Greater understanding of biomolecular interactions alongside increased detection accuracy can be achieved using technology that can provide parallel information about multiple parameters of a single biomolecular process. For example, electro-optical techniques combine optical and electrochemical information to provide more accurate and detailed measurements that provide unique insights into molecular structure and function. Here, we present a comparison of the main methods for electro-optical biosensing, namely, electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (EC-SPR), electrochemical optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (EC-OWLS), and the recently reported silicon-based electrophotonic approach. The comparison considers different application spaces, such as the detection of low concentrations of biomolecules, integration, the tailoring of light-matter interaction for the understanding of biomolecular processes, and 2D imaging of biointeractions on a surface.
Taking Notes or Playing Games?: Understanding Multitasking in Video Communication

This paper presents a detailed examination of factors that affect perceptions of and attitudes towards multitasking in video conferencing. We first report findings from interviews with 15 professional users of videoconferencing. Our interviews revealed the roles and potential link of technology and activity. We then report results from a controlled online experiment with 397 participants based in the United States. Our results show that the technology used for multitasking has a significant effect on others' assumptions of what secondary activity the multitasker is likely engaged in, and that this assumed activity in turn affects evaluations of politeness and appropriateness. We also show that different layouts of the video conferencing UI can affect perception of engagement in the meeting and in turn ratings of polite or impolite behavior. We propose a conceptual model that captures our results and use the model to discuss implications for behavior and for the design of video communication tools.
YAP/TAZ initiate and maintain Schwann cell myelination

Nuclear exclusion of the transcriptional regulators and potent oncoproteins, YAP/TAZ, is considered necessary for adult tissue homeostasis. Here we show that nuclear YAP/TAZ are essential regulators of peripheral nerve development and myelin maintenance. To proliferate, developing Schwann cells (SCs) require YAP/TAZ to enter S-phase and, without them, fail to generate sufficient SCs for timely axon sorting. To differentiate, SCs require YAP/TAZ to upregulate Krox20 and, without them, completely fail to myelinate, resulting in severe peripheral neuropathy. Remarkably, in adulthood, nuclear YAP/TAZ are selectively expressed by myelinating SCs, and conditional ablation results in severe peripheral demyelination and mouse death. YAP/TAZ regulate both developmental and adult myelination by driving TEAD1 to activate Krox20. Therefore, YAP/TAZ are crucial for SCs to myelinate developing nerve and to maintain myelinated nerve in adulthood. Our study also provides a new insight into the role of nuclear YAP/TAZ in homeostatic maintenance of an adult tissue. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.20982. 001
GUARDS: game theoretic security allocation on a national scale

Building on research previously reported at AAMAS conferences, this paper describes an innovative application of a novel game-theoretic approach for a national scale security deployment. Working with the United States Transportation Security Administration (TSA), we have developed a new application called GUARDS to assist in resource allocation tasks for airport protection at over 400 United States airports. In contrast with previous efforts such as ARMOR and IRIS, which focused on one-off tailored applications and one security activity (e.g. canine patrol or checkpoints) per application, GUARDS faces three key issues: (i) reasoning about hundreds of heterogeneous security activities; (ii) reasoning over diverse potential threats; (iii) developing a system designed for hundreds of end-users. Since a national deployment precludes tailoring to specific airports, our key ideas are: (i) creating a new game-theoretic framework that allows for heterogeneous defender activities and compact modeling of a large number of threats; (ii) developing an efficient solution technique based on general purpose Stackelberg game solvers; (iii) taking a partially centralized approach for knowledge acquisition and development of the system. In doing so we develop a software scheduling assistant, GUARDS, designed to reason over two agents --- the TSA and a potential adversary --- and allocate the TSA's limited resources across hundreds of security activities in order to provide protection within airports. The scheduling assistant has been delivered to the TSA and is currently under evaluation and testing for scheduling practices at an undisclosed airport. If successful, the TSA intends to incorporate the system into their unpredictable scheduling practices nation-wide. In this paper we discuss the design choices and challenges encountered during the implementation of GUARDS. GUARDS represents promising potential for transitioning years of academic research into a nationally deployed system.
IDENTIFYING SHARED UNDERSTANDING IN DESIGN USING DOCUMENT ANALYSIS

Design as a social activity characterized by information exchange, compromise and negotiation frames much of our understanding of the design process. At the heart of this social activity is the development of a shared understanding of the design problem. The design stakeholders jointly form a shared understanding through a process of defining the problem, exploring the space of solutions and searching for information. A shared understanding is a critical element in successful, collaborative design. This paper describes a formal approach for identifying shared understanding in design by analyzing the documentation. By mining the documentation for signatures of a shared understanding, specifically a common frame of reference and a similar voice, a shared language and vocabulary of the design could emerge. Information management tools built around the shared understanding would be more effective in directing and alerting the design team of relevant information.
Do cells cycle?

We propose that a cell's life is divided into two fundamentally different parts. Some time after mitosis all cells enter a state (A) in which their activity is not directed towards replication. A cell may remain in the A-state for any lenght of time, throughout which its probability of leaving A-state remains constant. On leaving A-state, cells enter B-phase in which their activities are deterministic, and directed towards replication. Initiation of cell replication processes is thus random, in the sense that radioactive decay is random. Cell population growth rates are determined by the probability with which cells leave the A-state, the duration of the B-phase, and the rate of cell death. Knowledge of these parameters permits precise calculation of the distribution of intermitotic times within populations, the behavior of synchronized cell cultures, and the shape of labeled mitosis curves.
Carbon nanotube circuits: Opportunities and challenges

Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors (CNFETs) are excellent candidates for building highly energy-efficient digital systems. However, imperfections inherent in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) pose significant hurdles to realizing practical CNFET circuits. In order to achieve CNFET VLSI systems in the presence of these inherent imperfections, careful orchestration of design and processing is required: from device processing and circuit integration, all the way to large-scale system design and optimization. In this paper, we summarize the key ideas that enabled the first experimental demonstration of CNFET arithmetic and storage elements. We also present an overview of a probabilistic framework to analyze the impact of various CNFET circuit design techniques and CNT processing options on system-level energy and delay metrics. We demonstrate how this framework can be used to improve the energy-delay-product (EDP) of CNFET-based digital systems.
Discrete element simulation of the control technology of large section roadway along a fault to drivage under strong mining

The fault fracture zone has is characterized by low strength, easy deformation and easy activation under the influence of high-strength mining, resulting in instability of the roadway coal rock mass in the affected area and thus severe deformation of the surrounding rock. Aiming to prevent serious deformation of a large section roadway along a fault in response to drivage, combined with specific geological conditions and supporting engineering practice of the panel of a coal mine, UDEC polygonal methods are used to compare and analyze the fracture development, stress distribution and deformation of roadway surrounding rocks and the bearing force of the supporting body of the original support scheme and the new support scheme. In the numerical simulation scheme, the study area is divided into polygonal blocks and the mechanical parameters of the blocks and contacts in the Voronoi program are determined by fitting the rock mass properties obtained through laboratory tests. A time-dependent strength degradation process is used to simulate the weakening effect of the fault on the surrounding rock mass. Then a new scheme for combined support involving key area strengthening and high-strength yielding bolts is proposed, which can ensure that the stress distribution of surrounding rock tends to be reasonable and that the deformation of roadway surrounding rock is in a reasonable range. In addition, the research results are applied successfully in the field.
Site-based plaque removal efficacy of four branded toothbrushes and the effect of dental floss in interproximal plaque removal: a randomized examiner-blind controlled study.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the sitelevel plaque removal efficacy of four commercially available toothbrushes. The adjunctive benefit of dental floss on interproximal plaque removal was also evaluated. METHOD AND MATERIALS This study was designed as a randomized examiner- blinded clinical study involving 60 subjects. The subjects were randomly divided into four groups of 15 participants each, and a particular branded toothbrush was allotted for each group. Brushing technique, toothpaste, and brushing time were standardized for all the subjects. The Turesky- Gilmore-Glickman modification of Quigley-Hein plaque index was used to evaluate plaque scores at baseline, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks by one blinded examiner. After 2 weeks, the subjects were provided with dental floss to be used in conjunction with the toothbrush. Buccal, lingual, and interproximal plaque reduction percentages were computed and analyzed for statistical significance. RESULTS The four toothbrushes showed similar plaque removal scores at the three sites, with no statistical significance (P > .05). The interproximal plaque removal scores of the four toothbrushes were the least at 2 weeks (25%) when compared with buccal (65%) and lingual (60%) percentage scores. The addition of dental floss significantly increased the interproximal plaque removal scores, with 4-week scores revealing 70% removal. CONCLUSION These data revealed the lack of significance between the four toothbrushes studied, which is in line with previous studies. The addition of dental floss had a significant effect on the interproximal plaque removal, which could be crucial in the maintenance of gingival health.
Performance Investigation of a Digital Filter bankbased Multicarrier Communication System Modelusing Different types of Prototype Filters

The filter bank based multicarrier communication (FBMC) is a technology for multicarrier communications which has been recently considered by standard committees as a substitute for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). This paper investigates the performance of FBMC systems using different prototype filters viz root raised cosine (RRC), isotropic weighted Hermite and prototype filter based on Fourier invariant signal and their comparison based on bandwidth time-width (BT) product and interference plots. The prototype filter based on Fourier invariant signal is a new step towards prototype filter design. The study reveals that the prototype filter based on Fourier invariant signal has properties similar to that of isotropic weighted Hermite so that it can be applied in FBMC. Numerical results and simulations are provided to illustrate the time-frequency localization of both isotropic weighted Hermite and the filter obtained by Fourier invariant signal.
Roles of receptor activity‐modifying protein 1 in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during skin wound healing in mice

Receptor activity‐modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) forms a complex with calcitonin receptor‐like receptor (CLR) to produce the receptor for calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP). CGRP, a 37‐aa neuropeptide, is widely distributed in neuronal tissues and exerts its biological effects via CLR/RAMP1; however, the pathophysiological roles of CLR/RAMP1 remain to be clarified. To study the functions of CLR/RAMP1, we generated RAMP1‐knockout (RAMP1–/–) mice. Compared with those of wild‐type (WT) mice, wound healing and wound‐induced angiogenesis were significantly suppressed in RAMP1–/– mice, with reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A. Formation of the lymphatic vessels that drain interstitial fluids was also suppressed in RAMP1–/– mice, with reduced expression of VEGF‐C and VEGFR‐3 in wound granulation tissues. RAMP1 was expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) in the preexisting skin blood vessels, but was not observed in ECs in newly formed blood or lymphatic vessels. Macrophages in the wound granulation tissues expressed RAMP1 and produced substantial amounts of VEGF‐C in response to CGRP in vitro. RAMP1–/– bone marrow chimeric mice showed delayed wound healing with reduced angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis in wound granulation tissues. These findings suggest that RAMP1 plays a crucial role in wound healing and wound‐induced angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and that it is a promising target for controlling angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. —Kurashige, C. , Hosono, K. , Matsuda, H. , Tsujikawa, K. , Okamoto, H. , Majima, M. Roles of receptor activity‐modifying protein 1 in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during skin wound healing in mice. FASEB J. 28, 1237–1247 (2014). www.fasebj. org
Envy-Free Mechanisms with Minimum Number of Cuts

We study the problem of fair division of a heterogeneous resource among strategic players. Given a divisible heterogeneous cake, we wish to divide the cake among n players in a way that meets the following criteria: (I) every player(weakly) prefers his allocated cake to any other player’s share (such notion is known as envy-freeness), (II) the mechanism is strategy-proof (truthful), and (III) the number of cuts made on the cake is minimal. We provide methods, namely expansion process and expansion process with unlocking, for dividing the cake under different assumptions on the valuation functions of the players.
Outage Probability of Cognitive Relay Networks with Interference Constraints

This paper evaluates the outage probability of cognitive relay networks with cooperation between secondary users based on the underlay approach, while adhering to the interference constraint on the primary user, i.e., the limited amount of interference which the primary user can tolerate. A relay selection criterion, suitable for cognitive relay networks, is provided, and using it, we derive the outage probability. It is shown that the outage probability of cognitive relay networks is higher than that of conventional relay networks due to the interference constraint, and we quantify the increase. In addition, the outage probability is affected by the distance ratio of the interference link (between the secondary transmitter and the primary receiver) to the relaying link (between the secondary transmitter and the secondary receiver). We also prove that cognitive relay networks achieve the same full selection diversity order as conventional relay networks, and that the decrease in outage probability achieved by increasing the selection diversity (the number of relays) is not less than that in conventional relay networks.