Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Stigmatization of Manjo People and its Socio-Economic and Environmental Implications, the Cases of Bonga and Dawro Towns and Their Environs

The Manjo People are among the most marginalized groups from the many nations and nationalities in southern parts of Ethiopia. They have been excluded from various social services and standards. Hence, the main objective of this study was to assess livelihood, folklore and marginalization of the Manjo people as well as the implications of marginalization on the environment. It was conducted in Bonga and Dawro towns and their environs. The study was a qualitative descriptive survey. For the study, 20 resourceful persons were selected by using purposive sampling method both from the insiders and the outsiders. Methods of data collection included active observation, interview and case study. Photographs and video records were also involved. The study disclosed that folklore is one of the major instruments that help to deepen and sustain marginalization of the Manjo people. Folklore makes the Manjo to believe and accept the stereotype that they are weaker, less intellect, inferior, less human than the non-Manjo; on the contrary, it assists the non-Manjo to rationalize their mistreating of the Manjo people in public. Even if attempts were made to minimize the problem of marginalization, in some cases, the attempts further worsened the problem. This was because of the fact that while some enlightened Manjo claimed equal rights, some conservative non-Manjo opposed the claims. The study also revealed that the people of Manjo have less access to various natural resources than the non-Manjo. As a result, they are forced to engage in less productive, environmentally unfriendly and precarious activities like in fuel wood and charcoal production and sale, pottery and hunting. Alleviating the problem of marginalization of the Manjo people should involve a prior in depth analysis and understanding of the problem, the folklore and the popular attitude before any attempt of intervention. Improving access of the Manjo people to various natural resources and assisting them to raise their productivity and income can also help change their food ways and in turn attitude of the non Manajo to towards them as well as can help to minimize the negative impacts of their way of life on the environment.
The Influence of Money-related Metaphors on Financial Anxiety and Spending

ABSTRACT People often use metaphors to discuss their financial prospects – for example, finding a fortune or searching for wealth. The purpose of the present research was to utilize conceptual metaphor theory to study the effect of metaphor use on money anxiety and spending intentions. Specifically, in three experiments, participants were randomly assigned to complete a word search puzzle where they either found the word fortune or where they searched but were unable to find the word wealth. The results revealed that the act of finding the word fortune in comparison to searching for wealth decreased concerns about money (Studies 1–3) and increased spending intentions (Study 3). These findings suggest how the activation of subtle money-related metaphors can influence attitudes and perceptions toward money.
Plantar Pressure in Non-Diabetic Population

[Objective] To investigate the peak value of foot plantar pressure and its distribution, and the relationship between these two parameters and sex, body weight, body weight index, plantar callus, and the habit of foot wearing. [Methods] A total of 138 non-diabetes were conducted oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and recruited by the 1999 WHO criteria. Each people with barefoot and normal gait was analyzed by the EMED-AT system (Novel, Germany) by the "first step approach". Each trial included at least five acceptable separate barefoot walks across the EMED-AT system for each foot. Using the EMED software, the whole foot was divided into ten "mask", including the heel, midfoot, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth metatarsals, hallux, second toe and the third-fifth toes. [Results] The mean of MPP (maximum peak pressure) was 385.0 ±90.2 kPa. The distribution of plantar pressure: the second metatarsals the third metatarsals hallux heel the fourth metatarsals the firth metatarsals the fifth metatarsals the second toe midfoot the third-fifth toes. MPP were equal in male and female with pressures in the firth metatarsals and hallux areas of feet being higher in male than in female. Plantar callus increased MPP. [Conclusion] The distribution of plantar pressure: the second metatarsals the third metatarsals hallux heel the fourth metatarsals the firth metatarsals the fifth metatarsals the second toe midfoot the third-fifth toes. MPP were equal in male and female, while the distribution were different in some areas of foot. Body weight and BMI were not related with MPP, but they increased plantar pressure in some areas of foot. Plantar callus increased MPP.
Mapping Trajectories of Behavioral and Emotional Risk Among Predominately African American Youth Across the Middle School Transition

Abstract This study used growth curve modeling to map risk by gender across the middle school transition. Participants included 609 (49.5% female) students in grades 4–8 in an urban school serving primarily African American youth from low-income communities. Results indicated that overall risk increased over time and was consistent over the middle school transition. Further analysis indicated risk change was domain and gender specific. For example, across the inattention–hyperactivity and externalizing domains both male and female students showed increased risk; however, risk increased at a faster rate for girls. Despite patterns of increase in risk, boys and girls showed stability in their reports of personal adjustment, a domain associated with resiliency. These results highlight the importance of screening to capture student need over time and the inclusion of strengths-based domains in screening tools.
Social connectedness: what matters to older people?

Abstract While social connectedness is heralded as a key enabler of positive health and social outcomes for older people, rarely have they themselves had the opportunity to express their views about the concept. Working with a diverse group of Pacific, Māori, Asian and New Zealand European older adults, this paper explores what matters to older people when discussing social connectedness? We draw from individual, in-depth interviews with 44 older adults, and three group interviews comprising 32 older adults. Data were analysed using thematic and narrative analyses. The three themes identified were: getting out of the house, ability to connect and feelings of burden. Fundamental to social connectedness was participants’ desire to be recognised as resourceful agents able to foster relationships on the basis of mutual respect. Social connectedness was conceptualised as multi-levelled: relating to interpersonal relationships as much as neighbourhoods and wider society. Alongside these similarities we also discuss important differences. Participants preferred to socialise with people from similar cultural backgrounds where they shared taken-for-granted social customs and knowledges. This is in the context where racism, poverty and inequalities clearly impeded already minoritised participants’ sense of social connection. Key structural ways to improve social connectedness should focus on factors that enable cohesion between levels of connection, including stable neighbourhoods serviced with accessible public transport, liveable pensions and inclusivity of cultural diversity.
The effect of managing different types of work on open innovation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the different types of work and to examine how they are related with open innovation, either by carrying out relationships with companies or external agents, or through the outsourcing of qualified and creative work. Design/methodology/approach After the theoretical analysis of the different types of work, the empirical study uses qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to analyze the different variables and their relations which favor open innovation. Findings The combination of the variables in the QCA makes it possible to obtain three paths among the characteristics of the qualified work and open innovation, with a positive empirical result. The general conclusion is that the motivation level of the qualified work is relevant for open innovation. Research limitations/implications The study has some limitations, notably the reliability of the measurement of the variables, based on the subjective assessment of the respondent employee. The limited number of cases is always a question to be considered, although the statistical results show consistency in the results. Practical implications The most important implication for practice is the relevant connection between the internal efficiency in the management of the different types of work and open innovation. Originality/value The originality and value of this paper consist in relating the internal efficiency in the work management with the effectiveness and success of open innovation.
Sodium Regulation in the Human Body

The conventional wisdom regarding sodium regulation is that sodium is absorbed fully in the gastrointestinal tract and excreted by the kidney. However, experiments performed with humans in microgravity as well as metabolic ward experiments conducted on Earth clearly demonstrate that sodium may be retained by the human body without fluid retention or increased potassium excretion, suggesting an osmotically inactive sodium retention.
Carpe Diem or Carpe Thesis? How Graduate Students Deal With Their Thesis Writing

This present study examined the different experiences and challenges graduate students encountered in writing their thesis. Two dissertation writers and 12 thesis writers participated in the study, which was conducted during the Academic Year 2018-2019. Semistructured interviewing, that is, with the aid of a validated and pilot-tested interview protocol was employed in collecting data; interview transcripts constituted the collected qualitative data. The qualitative data were analyzed following three major stages, viz., open-coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The rigorous analysis resulted in four major themes, the findings of the study: 1) academic preparation, 2) community support, 3) writing hindrances, and 4) personal motivation. Good academic preparations, genuine community support, and personal motivation, be it intrinsic or extrinsic, serve as indispensable bludgeon in the thesis writers’ challenging journey towards the completion of their degree. These factors make them seize their theses (carpe theses) and finally finish the same with great satisfaction.
Private security guards policing public space: using soft power in place of legal authority

ABSTRACT Only a few studies have examined how private security guards operate in public spaces. In order to address this gap, this paper examines a public/private partnership of installing security guards on a public square in Aarhus, Denmark. This was a response to the presence of a group of homeless and marginalised alcohol and drug users. The policing of the public square was investigated through document analysis, interviews with different stakeholders and observations with a patrolling security guard. The case study illustrates that private security guards are able to exercise considerable control in public spaces, without having any legal authority over these spaces. Furthermore, by drawing on the analytical framework of governmentality studies, the case illustrates how the security guards were engaged in practices of ‘soft power’ in their policing of the public square. This constitutes a contribution to the growing literature that has started to survey the different powers and resources at the disposal of private security.
PrEP (HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis) and its possibilities for clinical practice

In this article, we reflect on the possibilities that PrEP (HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis) raises for HIV specialist clinicians. Often neglected, yet a direct participant at the intersection of a complex tension within public health debates on how to reduce HIV transmission and the sexual sociability of individuals, we reflect on current thinking of health practitioners involved in the day-to-day practice of prescribing PrEP. Drawing on interviews with practitioners in the context of UK sexual health and HIV specialist medicine, while bearing in mind neoliberal critiques and process studies of medical science, we propose that PrEP invites the possibility for reconstituting approaches to sex and risk.
Perceptions of International Student Mobility: A Qualitative Case Study of Pakistan

International Student Mobility (ISM) is progressively becoming a signifi cant aspect of the higher education scenario. The universal higher education milieu has undergone a tremendous change due to ISM as the number of students going abroad for higher education is growing incessantly with every passing year. Pakistan is a developing country that has experienced increasing ISM in the last forty years. Despite all academic and professional opportunities available to students, they desire to go abroad for higher education and settle down there, causing brain drain in the country. This research study attempts to identify the determinants of international student mobility from the perspective of either students, who are in the process of enrolling in international universities or those who are aspiring to go abroad for higher studies. This study used qualitative research approach based on interpretivism paradigm. A total of 14 students from different public and private sector universities participated, out of which nine were male and fi ve were female with ages between 18 and 24 years approximately. Thematic analysis was used to Perceptions of International Student Mobility Vol. 6 No. 2 (December 2019) 270 analyze the subjective data. The fi ndings brought to light key academic, professional and social motivations of individuals for studying abroad. These fi ndings can act as a guideline for higher education institutions and national policy makers to draft policies and strategies that might enable reversal of the vicious phenomena of brain drain.
Status Characteristics, Implicit Bias, and the Production of Racial Inequality

Racial stratification is well documented in many spheres of social life. Much stratification research assumes that implicit or explicit bias on the part of institutional gatekeepers produces disparate racial outcomes. Research on status-based expectations provides a good starting point for theoretically understanding racial inequalities. In this context it is understood that race results in differential expectations for performance, producing disparate outcomes. But even here, the mechanism (i.e., status-based expectations) is often assumed due to the lack of tools to measure status-based expectations. In this article, we put forth a new way to measure implicit racial status beliefs and theorize how they are related to consensual beliefs about what “most people” think. This enables us to assess the mechanisms in the relationship between race and disparate outcomes. We conducted two studies to assess our arguments. Study 1 demonstrates the measurement properties of the implicit status measure. Study 2 shows how implicit status beliefs and perceptions of what “most people” think combine to shape social influence. We conclude with the implications of this work for social psychological research, and for racial stratification more generally.
Predicting Correctional Officer Job Performance Using the Critical Hire-Screen and Personality Assessment Inventory: An Analysis of Incremental Validity

This article measured the degree to which the Critical Hire-Screen (CH-S), a pre-employment test of integrity, and Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), a test of psychopathology, correlated with and predicted supervisor ratings of correctional officer job performance. Results revealed that the CH-S provided the strongest correlation with, and prediction of, job performance. Although PAI subscales contributed to the prediction model, relatively few subscales were ultimately selected, resulting in the CH-S explaining the majority of the variance. Implications for correctional agencies and pre-employment evaluators are discussed, and recommendations for the practical application of these results to pre-employment testing process are provided.
Promoting child and youth resilience by strengthening home and school environments: A literature review

ABSTRACT A multisystemic model of resilience suggests that the capacity of one system to cope with atypical stress improves the capacity of co-occurring systems. In this paper, we review research demonstrating this relationship, where the more resilient caregivers are, the more likely children are to experience the promotive and protective factors they require for optimal growth and development in both home and school settings. We examine research from the last two decades on school- or family-based resilience promoting interventions, and advocate for a new perspective which adopts a multisystemic view of resilience in order to redirect the focus of the international research agenda, which places emphasis on children rather than systems. The implications of this multisystemic approach to resilience are discussed in relation to the design of programs that promote the well-being of parents and teachers in ways that contribute to more supportive and stable home and school environments for children.
Assessing Dietary Diversity in Pregnant Women: Relative Validity of the List-Based and Open Recall Methods

ABSTRACT Background The Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MMD-W) was validated as a proxy of micronutrient adequacy for nonpregnant women, with proposed data collection being either a list-based or a qualitative open recall method. Few studies have compared the performance of these 2 methods. Objectives We compared performance in predicting micronutrient adequacy of food group indicators (FGIs) measured by the list-based and the quantitative open recall methods using varying quantity cut-offs. We also examined the agreement between list-based and open recall FGIs. Methods Data were collected in Bangladesh (n = 600 pregnant women) and India (n = 655). The performance of different indicators to predict micronutrient adequacy was compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Correlations between list-based and open recall FGIs were calculated using Spearman's rank test; agreement was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and kappa statistics. Food groups that were most often misreported by the list-based method were identified. Results There were no statistically significant differences in ROC curves between list-based and open recall FGIs in either country. In Bangladesh, correlations between list-based and open recall FGIs varied between 0.6 and 0.8; ICC values were 0.43–0.75; kappa values were 0.51–0.53 when using a cut-off of any quantity or 15 g for open recall, but were lower (k = 0.24) with the cut-off of 1 portion. In India, these values were lower: ∼0.4 for correlation, 0.32–0.37 for ICCs, and 0.17–0.22 for kappas. Food groups most susceptible to misreporting using the list-based method were beans/peas in Bangladesh and other vegetables in India. Conclusions Our study provides initial support for the use of list-based questionnaires in assessing food group diversity or prevalence of MDD-W in pregnant women. Additional and context-specific work may be required to understand the potential of simple methodologies to assess consumption of specific food groups. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02745249 (Bangladesh) and NCT03378141 (India).
Adding grey to the rainbow: a narrative analysis of generational identity through stories and counter-stories of older gay men

Abstract We explored identity formation among nine gay men who were born between 1946 and 1964. This group of nine was the largest homogeneous sub-group within a larger sample (N = 18). Although participants share similar demographic characteristics, their individual social, personal and narrative identities diverge to represent distinctive embodied selves. Guided by queer and feminist theories, the qualitative analysis identified dominant and counter-narratives that demonstrate the complexity of sexual identity as it evolves over time. All nine men recall being aware of their gay identity as children; however, like many socially constructed labels, their outward identity was more complex and difficult to understand. The findings demonstrate how participants negotiated their sexual identities through decades of social change. As illustrated within each subset of identity (i.e. social, personal and narrative), some participants found themselves breaking ground for a broader gay rights social movement, while others described their experience of being relegated to silence and invisibility for most of their lives. This research contributes to an ongoing discussion concerning the individuality found among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals in later life. As the LGBT population becomes more visible, there will be a growing need to understand the individualism that exists within this coalition and affirm their diversifying sexual and gender identities.
ANALISIS KEARIFAN LOKAL NOVEL BIDADARI BERMATA BENING KARYA HABIBURRAHMAN EL SHIRAZY DAN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARANNYA DI KELAS XII SMA

This research aims to describe: (1) intrinsic elements; (2) local wisdom contained in the novel Bidadari Bermata Bening by Habiburrahman El Shirazy; (3) the plan to implement the learning of Bening Edged Bening novel by Habiburrahman El Shirazy in class XII of SMA. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The results of this study concluded that (1) the intrinsic elements of the Bidadari Bering Bening novel, namely (a) themes: the major themes of the story of a woman's struggle in sustaining life, minor themes include, matchmaking, self-esteem, romance; (b) figures and characterizations: the main characters, namely Ayna and Gus Afif. Ayna is intelligent, assertive, patient and loyal, Gus Afif is intelligent, shy, responsible, humble, and independent; (c) flow: forward, (d) setting: setting, including Kanzul Ulum Islamic Boarding School, Lombok and Bait Ibni Sabil; time settings include morning, afternoon, evening and night; socio-cultural background including Javanese socio-cultural background); (e) point of view: the point of view of the all-knowing third person; (f) mandate: never put down others, never give up, and always be patient in the face of life's trials; (2) Local wisdoms in the Bidadari Bering Bening novel include (a) languages: Javanese, (b) knowledge systems: natural surroundings, natural flora, natural flora, and the characteristics and behavior of humans, (c) social organizations: systems kinship, (d) equipment of human life: food and shelter and housing, (e) livelihood system: merchants, (f) religious system: religious rituals and teachers / religious leaders, (g) arts: shadow puppets; (3) The plan for implementing novel text learning in class XII SMA based on the 2013 curriculum is contained in the basic competence 3.9 analyzing the contents of the novel and the language of the novel. The method used is a scientific-based Inquiry Learning method. Keywords: Clear-eyed Angels, intrinsic elements, local wisdom.