Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Their Shoes

Despite the growing interest in crowdsourcing, this new labor model has recently received severe criticism. The most important point of this criticism is that crowdworkers are often underpaid and overworked. This severely affects job satisfaction and productivity. Although there is a growing body of evidence exploring the work experiences of crowdworkers in various countries, there have been a very limited number of studies to the best of our knowledge exploring the work experiences of Chinese crowdworkers. In this paper we aim to address this gap. Based on a framework of well-established approaches, namely the Job Demands-Resources model, the Work Design Questionnaire, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, we systematically study the work experiences of 289 crowdworkers who work for ZBJ.com - the most popular Chinese crowdsourcing platform. Our study examines these crowdworker experiences along four dimensions: (1) crowdsourcing job demands, (2) job resources available to the workers, (3) crowdwork experiences, and (4) platform commitment. Our results indicate significant differences across the four dimensions based on crowdworkers' gender, education, income, job nature, and health condition. Further, they illustrate that different crowdworkers have different needs and threshold of demands and resources and that this plays a significant role in terms of moderating the crowdwork experience and platform commitment. Overall, our study sheds light to the work experiences of the Chinese crowdworkers and at the same time contributes to furthering understandings related to the work experiences of crowdworkers.
COPD_A_214690 1993..2002

1The Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia; 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia; 3Clinic for Pulmonology, Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia; 4Faculty of Medicine, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia; 5Clinic for Pulmonology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; 6Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; 7Clinic for Lung Diseases, Clinical Centre of Nis, Nis, Serbia; 8Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia; 9Clinical Hospital Centre Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia Abstract: In recent years, several national chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guidelines have been issued. In Serbia, the burden of COPD is high and most of the patients are diagnosed at late stages. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) strategy is poorly implemented in real-life practice, as many patients are still prescribed inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)-containing regimens and slow-release theophylline. In this document, we propose an algorithm for treating COPD patients in Serbia based on national experts’ opinion, taking into account global recommendations and recent findings from clinical trials that are tailored according to local needs. We identified four major components of COPD treatment based on country specifics: active case finding and early diagnosis in high-risk population, therapeutic algorithm for initiation and escalation of therapy that is simple and easy to use in real-life practice, de-escalation of ICS in low-risk non-exacerbators, and individual choice of inhaler device based on patients' ability and preferences. With this approach we aim to facilitate implementation of the recommendation, initiate the treatment in early stages, improve cost-effectiveness, reduce possible side effects, and ensure efficient treatment.
Acute Cutaneous Toxicity,Skin Irritation and Allergy Reaction Irritation of Wen-tong-huo-xue Cream

The animal experiments on Wen-tong-huo-xue Cream have been done,including tests of acute cutaneous toxicity,skin irritation and skin allergy reaction.Wen-tong-huo-xue Cream was applied on the integral and damaged skins that hairs were cut off in the back of rabbit.The results indicate that it does not induce acute cutaneous toxicity and has slight skin irritation.The allergy reactions of guinea pigs were watched by sensitizing and challenge contact to Wen-tong-huo-xue Cream.The results indicate that it does not cause skin and whole body allergy reaction.Wen-tonghuo-xue Cream was a newly cream which could be used safely and handily.
CORRUPTION IN INDONESIAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT: STUDY ON TRIANGLE FRAUD THEORY

The paper examines the effect of performance accountability, regional income, e-government, internal audit capabilities, audit responses, and public officials wage on corruption in local government using fraud triangle theory framework. The increasingly widespread corruption cases even though abundance of government’s programs have been done to overcome them, let this research seeks to answer whether government’s priority programs are aligned with corruption eradication strategy. This paper uses local government panel data in Indonesia from 2010 to 2013 analyzed using multiple linear regression method. The result shows that performance accountability and public official wage have negative effect on corruption, while audit responses have positive effect on corruption. On the other hand, regional income, e-government, and internal audit capabilities show no evidence on effect on corruption. This finding is fairly robust in separate analysis on municipalities and local government outside Sumatra and Java. This paper provides empirical evidence that audit responses can detect corruption whereas performance accountability and the increase in regional income increases can contribute to curbing corruption.
OTT_A_225301 1..15

*These authors contributed equally to this work Introduction: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a relatively uncommon urologic malignancy for which there has not been significant improvement in survival over the past few decades, highlighting the need for optimal multi-modality management. Methods: A non-systematic review of the latest literature was performed to include relevant articles up to June 2019. It summarizes the epidemiologic risk factors associated with UTUC, including smoking, carcinogenic aromatic amines, arsenic, aristolochic acid, and Lynch syndrome. Molecular pathways underlying UTUC and potential druggable targets are outlined. Results: Surgical management for UTUC includes kidney-sparing surgery (KSS) for lowrisk disease and radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for high-risk disease. Endoscopic management of UTUC may include ureteroscopic or percutaneous resection. Topical instillation therapy post-KSS aims to reduce recurrence, progression and to treat carcinoma-in-situ; this may be achieved retrogradely (via ureteric catheterization), antegradely (via percutaneous nephrostomy) or via reflux through double-J stent. RNU, which may be performed via open, laparoscopic or robot-assisted approaches, is the gold standard treatment for high-risk UTUC. The distal cuff may be dealt with extravesical, transvesical or endoscopic techniques. Peri-operative chemotherapy and immunotherapy are increasingly utilized; level 1 evidence exists for adjuvant chemotherapy, but neoadjuvant chemotherapy is favored as kidney function is better prior to RNU. Immunotherapy is primarily reserved for metastatic UTUC but is currently being investigated in the perioperative setting. Conclusion: The optimal management of UTUC includes a firm understanding of the epidemiological factors and molecular pathways. Surgical management includes KSS for low-risk disease and RNU for high-risk disease. Peri-operative immunotherapy and chemotherapy may be considered as evidence mounts.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH ORDER INCOMPRESSIBLE DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN FINITE ELEMENT SOLVER

An unsteady high order Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) code has been developed, verified and validated for the solution of the two-dimensional incompressible NavierStokes equations. A second order stiffly stable method has been used to discretise the equations in time. Spatial discretisation is accomplished using a modal DG approach, in which the inter-element fluxes are approximated using the Interior Penalty formulation. Three variants, Symmetric Interior Penalty Galerkin (SIPG), Incomplete Interior Penalty Galerkin (IIPG) and Nonsymmetric Interior Penalty Galerkin (NIPG), have been implemented and compared. The non-linear terms in the Navier-Stokes equations are expressed in the convective form and approximated through the Lesaint-Raviart fluxes modified for DG methods. The resulting method leads to a stable scheme for the unsteady Stokes and Navier-Stokes problems when equal order approximation is used for velocity and pressure and for all fluxes tested. For the full Navier-Stokes equations, two laminar test cases are considered for the square cylinder problem at Reynolds numbers of 10 (steady wake) and 100 (unsteady wake). The results are compared to the h/p Spectral code Nektar and the commercial Finite Volume code Fluent. The developed DG code shows similar convergence trends to Nektar for the test problems considered. For the unsteady wake case, the number of degrees of freedom necessary for Fluent to reach comparable accuracy is three times larger than for the two high order methods considered.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Dietary Modification among Diabetic Patients: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study at Ejisu-Juaben Municipality, Ghana

Adequate knowledge, attitude, and practices are effective in providing baseline preventive measures in diabetes. This study determined the knowledge, attitude and practices of diabetic patients towards dietary modification. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Ejisu-Juaben municipality, Ghana. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information such as socio-demographic and knowledge, attitude and practices of diabetic patients towards dietary modification. In all, 200 diabetic participants were recruited. The majority of the participants (84.0%) were between the ages 40-60 years. Ninety-two (46.0%) of the participants correctly identified dietary modification as a way of adjusting to healthy eating practices. Forty percent (40.0%) of the participants knew that adjusting to dietary modification help maintain blood sugar to a near normal. Most of the participants (43.0%) knew that non-compliance to dietary modifications can increase blood sugar level. Eighty six (86.0%) of the patients knew that dietary modification could help control their diabetic complications. Most (89.0%) of the participants sometimes adhere to dietary modifications, 11.0% regularly adhere while 10.0% do not adhere to dietary modifications. Diabetic patients had adequate knowledge about their disease conditions but had poor attitude and practice towards dietary modifications. Frequent public health and hospital-based education on adjusting to dietary modifications is required.
Model of Employee Performance : Competence Analysis and Motivation ( Case Study atPT . Bank Bukopin , Tbk Center )

This study aimed to analyze the effect of competency and work motivation on employee performance remained PT. Bank Bukopin, tbk. The population in this study are permanent employee at the PT. Bank Bukopin, tbk. The sampling method used is purposive sampling, sampling on the overall population of 127 people. Methods of collecting primary data in the form of a questionnaire using Likert scale and interview.Validity and reliability testing using the test Pearson product moment and statistic Cronbach Alpha. Analytical methods to answer hypotheses using multiple linear regression. The results showed competency and work motivation simultaneously had a significant positive impact on performance. In partial competency does significant positive impact the performance of the employee, while the work motivation had significant positive impact on employee performance. Correlation between the dimensions of the highest of the Skill dimensions on the competency variables to dimensions of productivity work on performance variables. Employee skills in order expected that a given task can be increase their productivity guaranteed according to plan and the applicable rules.
Contact Languages Counteracting Language Planning Policies: A New Lingua Franca in the Oromia Region (Ethiopia)

In the current situation of civil and ethnic conflict in Ethiopia, language planning policies are a crucial issue. This article provides an account of an unprecedented phenomenon that impacts the linguistic scenario of Ethiopia and counteracts linguistic policies and trends: the use of Jamaican speech-forms (JSF) as lingua franca within different ethnic groups in the country. The article expands on previous research conducted by the author in the specific region of Oromia. The analysis covers dramatic years of conflicts and uprising in the area, where an international community of Rastafarians have introduced JSF and influenced cross-cultural behaviors, language, and identity. The survey addresses the process of language acquisition and choice of JSF and its decisive role in the identity formation of young adults in Ethiopia. The selected data, from transcriptions and video-recording, cover a span of six years, and show how the minority community, using JSF as vehicular language, has impacted on hegemonic multilingual and multicultural communities (not only Oromo, but also Amhara and Tigrayan). The study also has a claim to an innovative perspective on the dynamics of linguistic contact and the predominant role of prestige formation in linguistic choice dynamics, but also in cultural approaches and social behaviors. The specificity of the linguistic context features a highly organized hierarchical situation of translanguaging. The selected corpus instantiates examples of adjusting techniques and accommodation in conversations that empower ‘youth speech’. JSF, used as lingua franca, represent an unpredictable phenomenon seemingly counteracting central regional hegemonies through linguistic practices, exo-normative behaviors and trans-cultural affiliations (religious, social, educational) that are also ‘centrifugal’ from major varieties of world English (VEAW).
ASSESSMENT OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG COMMERCIAL MOTORCYCLISTS IN ABEOKUTA, OGUN STATE

The consumption of alcohol on the job is common among the commercial motorcyclist in most communities in Nigeria. This study assessed the consumption of alcohol among the commercial motorcyclists at a community park in Abeokuta, Ogun state. The design of this study is descriptive survey and the target population are the motorcyclists at Ita-Oshin community. Convenient sampling technique was used to select 60 for the study out of about 110 registered motorcyclists at the park. The instrument used for this study is a self-constructed question comprising of four (4) sections with a reliability score of 0.74. Data analysis is done using descriptive statistics and presented inform of tables, frequencies and percentages. The result of this study reveals that the alcohol consumption level of respondents is low and years of consumption is between 1-5 years. The result observed that the respondents take only a bottle per day. Further findings showed that respondents take all kinds of alcohol and feel comfortable during consumption. The study also observed that respondents consume alcohol any time of the day, anywhere, every day when they need not work efficiently and in social gathering as the pattern of alcohol consumption. Lastly this study showed that weather condition, coping with frustration, someone's job, peer influence and stress are factors influencing alcohol consumption. The study therefore recommends a continuous education and enlightenment on mass media and at the garages (park).
PRBM_A_228249 1051..1058

Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda Mark Haddad 3 Carlos Vera Paz Jose Alejandro Valdevila Figueira 4 Justo Fabelo Roche Carlos Orellana Román 4 Serguei Iglesias Moré Miguel Felix 1,2 Emanuel Vanegas 1,2 Geovanny Efraín Alvarado-Villa 1 1Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador; 2Respiralab Research Group, Guayaquil, Ecuador; 3Centre for Mental Health Research, School of Health Sciences, City University London, London, UK; 4Instituto de Neurociencias, Guayaquil, Ecuador; 5Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana, Habana, Cuba Purpose: The aim of the study was to develop and validate a Spanish version of the Revised Depression Attitude Questionnaire (R-DAQ). Methods: The R-DAQ was used as a baseline for the study. It was translated and tested to ensure the instrument was appropriate for the target population. 537 Ecuadorian healthcare professionals completed the revised Spanish version of the R-DAQ (SR-DAQ). Statistical and exploratory factor analyses were performed to examine construct validity, internal consistency, readability and floor and ceiling effects. Results: Three factors were obtained: “Professional confidence in depression care”; “Therapeutic optimism about depression”; and “Generalist perspective about depression occurrence, recognition, and management”. The internal consistency of the SR-DAQ was determined by means of Cronbach’s α coefficient, with values ranging between 0.61–0.8. The correlations with the English version reflected adequate validity. The model explained 39% of the variance. Subsequent analysis with a sample restricted to those who had received training in depression produced a model that explained 42% of the variance. Conclusion: The SR-DAQ meets the psychometric requirements for measuring depression attitude in a Spanish-speaking population and shows adequate internal consistency and validity.
Remote sensing combined with social-ecological data: the importance of diverse land uses for ecosystem service provision in north-eastern Madagascar

Through ongoing deforestation in the tropics, forest-related ecosystem services are declining, while ecosystem services provided by agricultural land uses are on the increase. Land system science provides a framework for analysing the links between land use change and the resulting socioenvironmental trade-offs. However, the evidence base to support the navigation of such trade-offs is often lacking, as information on land use cannot directly be obtained through remote sensing and census data is often unavailable at sufficient spatial resolution. The global biodiversity hotspot of north-eastern Madagascar exemplifies these challenges. Combining land use data obtained through remote sensing with social-ecological data from a regional level household survey, we attempt to make the links between land use and ecosystem service benefits explicit. Our study confirmed that remotely sensed information on landscapes reflects households’ involvement in rice production systems. We further characterized landscapes in terms of “ecosystem service bundles” linked to specific land uses, as well as in terms of ecosystem service benefits to households. The map of landscape types could help direct future conservation and development efforts towards places where there is potential for success. s o u r c e : h t t p s : / / d o i . o r g / 1 0 . 7 8 9 2 / b o r i s . 9 9 2 9 1 | d o w n l o a d e d : 1 2 . 1 . 2 0 2 0
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Social Cohesion through Community-based Development Project

This report features the baseline survey findings for the project Social Cohesion through Community-based Development. The baseline survey, administered at the individual, household, and community levels, and with a sample of 2,000 households and over 6,000 individuals, offers comprehensive information on a wide range of topics facilitating a rigorous impact evaluation analysis. The findings based on the data indicate success in randomization, but the levels of outcome indicators are found to be high which raises implications for both research and intervention components of the project.
Micromechanics-based elastic damage modeling of particulate composites with weakened interfaces

A micromechanical framework is proposed to predict the effective elastic behavior and weakened interface evolution of particulate composites. The Eshelby’s tensor for an ellipsoidal inclusion with slightly weakened interface [Qu, J., 1993a. Eshelby tensor for an elastic inclusion with slightly weakened interfaces. Journal of Applied Mechanics 60 (4), 1048– 1050; Qu, J., 1993b. The effect of slightly weakened interfaces on the overall elastic properties of composite materials. Mechanics of Materials 14, 269–281] is adopted to model spherical particles having imperfect interfaces in the composites and is incorporated into the micromechanical framework. Based on the Eshelby’s micromechanics, the effective elastic moduli of three-phase particulate composites are derived. A damage model is subsequently considered in accordance with the Weibull’s probabilistic function to characterize the varying probability of evolution of weakened interface between the inclusion and the matrix. The proposed micromechanical elastic damage model is applied to the uniaxial, biaxial and triaxial tensile loadings to predict the various stress–strain responses. Comparisons between the present predictions with other numerical and analytical predictions and available experimental data are conducted to assess the potential of the present framework. 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
When Good Conservation Becomes Good Economics

It is no exaggeration to state that Kenya’s wildlife has done much to shape the image and development fortunes of the country. Today tourism is among Kenya’s top sources of foreign exchange, dominates the service sector, and contributes significantly to employment, especially in rural areas where economic opportunities are limited. The typical wild herds that once roamed freely across the borders of Kenya and Tanzania have shrunk dramatically in numbers and vanished completely from much of the North. Perhaps most troubling is that recent monitoring of wildlife populations suggests that long-term declines of many of the charismatic species that attract tourists like lions, elephants, giraffes, impalas, and others are international tourist arrives on a package tour that may include a safari, a visit to the beach, or both. It is safari tourism, however, that generates the most employment and economic activity across the country occurring at the same rates within the country’s national parks as outside of these protected areas. The typical international tourist arrives on a package tour that may include a safari, a visit to the beach, or both. It is safari tourism, however, that generates the most employment and economic activity across the country. But the wildlife that has lured travelers to Kenya by the planeload is in dramatic decline. In the past three decades, the country has lost more than half of its wildlife. This report identifies with greater precision the drivers of land conversion from natural habitats to other uses, and examines the extent to which land conversion leads to the extirpation of wildlife and the loss of tourism incomes.