Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salt-Taste Polymorphism TRPV1-rs8065080 Is Associated with Increased Likelihood of Depression in an Elderly Cohort

Introduction: Despite the prevalence of depression and anxiety worldwide, their aetiologies remain unclear, and they can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Changes in salt-taste perception have been found in both conditions. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the salt-taste-related gene, TRPV1, have been associated with alterations to salt-taste perception, preference, and sodium consumption. Diet quality is a known modifier of depression and anxiety and recently, sodium intake has been studied in mental health. However, the relationships between salt-taste genetics, depression, anxiety, and these dietary factors are yet to be elucidated. Methods: Data from the well-characterized cross-sectional Retirement Health and Lifestyle Study (n = 536, ≥65 y) were used to explore the relationships between the salt-taste SNP TRPV1-rs8065080, levels of depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), estimated sodium intake, and diet quality in this secondary analysis. Standard least-squares regression and nominal logistic regression modelling were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively, with analyses stratified by sex. Results: Presence of the TRPV1-rs8065080 variant allele (C) was found to increase the likelihood of having depression (HADS) in the total population and in males. The associations remained significant after adjusting for sodium intake, three diet quality indices, and demographic variables, suggesting that TRPV1-rs8065080 genotype is driving the association with depression. Discussion/Conclusion: Future studies should explore extra-oral functions of the SNP and salt-taste receptors in the brain and the roles of neurotransmitters common to both depression and salt taste to improve the management of this increasingly prevalent and difficult-to-treat condition.
A Summary of Pumpage from the Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifers of Northeastern Illinois, 2000-2004

Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers underlying the Chicago region at depths of 500 to 1,600 feet have been prolific sources of groundwater for more than 100 years. The Chicago region includes Cook, Kendall, DuPage, Lake, Grundy, McHenry, Kane, and Will Counties. Groundwater pumpage from the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers (the St. Peter and IrontonGalesville sandstones) has increased from about 200,000 gallons per day (gpd) in 1864 to a peak of 182.88 million gallons per day (mgd) in 1979. Pumpage from the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers decreased rapidly to 63.3 mgd in 1993 as a result of expanded use of Lake Michigan water by Chicago collar communities. Deep aquifer withdrawals increased to 67.3 mgd by 1995 and to 71.9 mgd in 1999. This report documents that deep aquifer withdrawals continue to increase steadily. The Illinois Water Inventory Program (IWIP) compiles responses to annual letters of inquiry sent to community, commercial, and industrial water-using facilities. The IWIP database was queried for pumpage from wells using the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers during the study period of 2000-2004. A tally of the pumpages for the Chicago region determined that withdrawals had increased from 72.47 mgd in 2000 to 84.40 mgd in 2004. The largest community water supplies using the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers continue to be Joliet and Aurora. The last pumpage summary concluded with data through 1999. Since then, 38 new community supply wells were constructed, with the greatest number (11 wells) located in Kane County. Well development for community supplies is favoring use of the deeper IrontonGalesville aquifer likely because of concerns over the long-term dependability of the shallower St. Peter sandstone. Thirty other large-diameter, high-capacity wells have been drilled for irrigation and industrial purposes. Ten of those wells were drilled in Lake County and accounted for more than half of the 19 irrigation wells constructed during the study period. Increasing use of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers by domestic wells is apparent. Based on well records maintained by the Illinois State Water Survey, more than 1,000 domestic wells were drilled into these aquifers from 2000 to 2004, mostly in Kane and Kendall Counties. The total amount of water pumped by these wells is small in comparison to high-capacity and community uses tallied by the IWIP; however, the trend suggests an increasing use of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers for individual households.
Perceived social pressure and intention to play through injuries in junior ice hockey: The sporting environment matters

ABSTRACT Playing when injured is a risky yet common business among ice hockey players. Conceptualized within the framework of the theory of planned behaviour, the current cross-sectional study aimed to test a multiple-mediator model linking players’ perceived social pressure to their intention to play when injured. We tested whether social pressure is directly and indirectly (via attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control avoidance, and situational temptation) related to intention to play when injured. We recruited 186 junior players aged 16–20 years (mean age = 17.85; standard deviation = 1.35) from two Norwegian ice hockey leagues (under 18 and under 20 years of age). The data were analysed using a linear regression procedure and a bias-corrected bootstrapping technique to measure indirect effects. The results revealed a positive direct and indirect (via attitudes, subjective norms, and situational temptation) relationship between players’ perceived social pressure and their intention to play when injured. In conclusion, players that perceived pressure to play despite being injured, who perceived positive consequences of doing so, who believed that people close or important to them approved of them doing so, and who perceived game-specific temptations, were more likely to report a stronger intent to play the game when injured.
The status of virtual simulation experiments in medical education in China: based on the national virtual simulation experiment teaching Center (iLAB-X)

ABSTRACT Background Virtual simulation experiments have been rapidly applied to medical education curricula in recent years. China constructed a national virtual simulation experimental teaching center (iLAB-X), and this platform covered almost all of the virtual simulation experiment curricula of domestic colleges or universities. We aimed to comprehensively assess the characteristics and usages of virtual simulation experiments in medical education based on iLAB-X. Methods A total of 480 virtual simulation experiment courses had been constructed on iLAB-X (https://www.ilab-x.com/) by December 20, 2022, and the curriculum level, type and design were all searched in this platform. We also conducted an evaluation of curriculum usage and online tests, including the page view, frequency of participation, number of participants, duration of experimental learning and passing rate of the experimental test. Results The national and provincial high-quality virtual simulation experiment curricula accounted for 33.5% (161/480) and 35.8% (172/480), respectively. The curricula were mainly set as basic practice experiments (46.5%) and synthetic designing experiments (48.8%). Significantly, forensic medicine (100%), public health and preventive medicine (83%) and basic medical sciences (66%) focused on synthetic design experiments. In terms of usage experiments, the average duration of experimental learning was 25 minutes per course, and the average number of participants was just 1257. The average passing (score ≥60) rate of online tests was 80.6%, but the average rate of score ≥ 85 was only 58.5%. In particular, the average page views, the number of participants, the duration of learning and the test passing rate of clinical medicine were relatively low. Conclusions The curriculum design features, construction level and utilization rate varied in different medical majors. Virtual simulation experiments are particularly underutilized in clinical medicine. There is a long way for virtual simulation experiments to go to become a supplement or alternative for traditional medical education in the future.
Metabolic plasticity sustains the robustness of Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis

Embryogenesis is highly dependent on maternally loaded materials, particularly those used for energy production. Different environmental conditions and genetic backgrounds shape embryogenesis. The robustness of embryogenesis in response to extrinsic and intrinsic changes remains incompletely understood. By analyzing the levels of two major nutrients, glycogen and neutral lipids, we discovered stage‐dependent usage of these two nutrients along with mitochondrial morphology changes during Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis. ATGL, the rate‐limiting lipase in cellular lipolysis, is expressed and required in the hypodermis to regulate mitochondrial function and support embryogenesis. The embryonic lethality of atgl‐1 mutants can be suppressed by reducing sinh‐1/age‐1‐akt signaling, likely through modulating glucose metabolism to maintain sustainable glucose consumption. The embryonic lethality of atgl‐1(xd314) is also affected by parental nutrition. Parental glucose and oleic acid supplements promote glycogen storage in atgl‐1(xd314) embryos to compensate for the impaired lipolysis. The rescue by parental vitamin B12 supplement is likely through enhancing mitochondrial function in atgl‐1 mutants. These findings reveal that metabolic plasticity contributes to the robustness of C. elegans embryogenesis.
Prognostic Impact of Residual Moderate Mitral Regurgitation Following Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Introduction The impact of mitral regurgitation (MR) on valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation (VIV-TAVI) in patients with failed bioprostheses remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic impact of residual moderate MR following VIV-TAVI. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 127 patients who underwent VIV-TAVI between March 2010 and November 2021. At least moderate MR was observed in 51.2% of patients before the procedure, and MR improved in 42.1% of all patients. Patients with postoperative severe MR, previous mitral valve intervention, and patients who died before postoperative echocardiography were excluded from further analyses. The remaining 114 subjects were divided into two groups according to the degree of postprocedural MR: none-mild MR (73.7%) or moderate MR (26.3%). Propensity score matching yielded 23 pairs for final comparison. Results No significant differences were found between groups before and after matching in early results. In the matched cohort, survival probabilities at one, three, and five years were 95.7% vs. 87.0%, 85.0% vs. 64.5%, and 85.0% vs. 29.0% in the none-mild MR group vs. moderate MR-group, respectively (log-rank P=0.035). Among survivors, patients with moderate MR had worse functional status according to New York Heart Association (NYHA) class at follow-up (P=0.006). Conclusion MR is common in patients with failed aortic bioprostheses, and improvement in MR-status was observed in over 40% of patients following VIV-TAVI. Residual moderate MR after VIV-TAVI is not associated with worse early outcomes, however, it was associated with increased mortality at five years of follow-up and worse NYHA class among survivors.
Distinct cortical haemodynamics during squat-stand and continuous aerobic exercise do not influence the magnitude of a postexercise executive function benefit

ABSTRACT A single bout of aerobic exercise benefits executive function (EF). A potential mechanism for this benefit is an exercise-mediated increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) that elicits vascular endothelial shear-stress improving EF efficiency. Moderate intensity continuous aerobic exercise (MCE) asymptotically increases CBF, whereas continuous body weight squat-stand exercise (SSE) provides a large amplitude oscillatory response. Some work has proposed that an increase in CBF oscillation amplitude provides the optimal shear-stress for improving EF and brain health. We examined whether a large amplitude oscillatory CBF response associated with a single bout of SSE imparts a larger postexercise EF benefit than an MCE cycle ergometer protocol. Exercise changes in middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) were measured via transcranial Doppler ultrasound to estimate CBF, and pre- and postexercise EF was assessed via the antisaccade task. MCE produced a steady state increase in MCAv, whereas SSE produced a large amplitude MCAv oscillation. Both conditions produced a postexercise EF benefit that null hypothesis and equivalence tests showed to be comparable in magnitude. Accordingly, we provide a first demonstration that a single bout of SSE benefits EF; however, the condition’s oscillatory CBF response does not impart a larger benefit than a time- and intensity-matched MCE protocol.
Rating and Correlating Physicochemical Properties of Eutric Vertisols in Abaya Chamo Lake basin, South-west Ethiopia

Soils of the Ethiopian Rift Valley flat plain areas particularly, the Abaya Chamo Lake basin areas were studied to understand status of plant nutrients (macronutrients and micronutrients) and their relationships. Physiognomic vegetation classification was done in accordance with FAO system i.e. annual, perennial, grazing and natural forest lands. Sixty soil samples were randomly collected at a depth of 0-20 cm from different land uses. They were prepared into six composites and analyzed for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Copper, Zinc, Manganese, Organic Carbon, Calcium Carbonate, and texture in Ethiopia Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise Laboratory. The results revealed that organic carbon and nitrogen were varied along different land uses. The soils are categorized as sandy loam and are slightly calcareous in nature. Organic carbon, nitrogen, base saturation, exchangeable (potassium, calcium and magnesium), phosphorus, manganese, cupper and iron contents were low in cultivated soils compared to natural forest (i.e. nitrogen found to be deficient while the other macronutrients varying from medium to high levels). Nutrients and soil salinity problem were observed in conventional agriculture. Clay, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents were positively correlated with organic carbon and electrical conductivity. All samples were containing high amount of available phosphorus and micronutrients.
PREDICTING TOPSOIL BALANCE FROM DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SOIL SURVEY 1

Developing a topsoil material balance is a required part of most surface coal mine permits. Mapping scale can greatly affect the accuracy of predicting soil attributes. One example is the effect of scale on accurately estimating location and depth of soils suitable for salvage and subsequent use as topsoil. This study is a comparison of estimating topsoil volumes and locations using three levels of soil mapping within the same resource area. The study area is approximately 850 ha consisting of complexes and consociations of highly contrasting soils ranging in depth and suitability. One level of mapping represents a general soils map presented at a scale of 1:63,360. The volume of topsoil estimated from the general soils map is approximately 5.7 million bank cubic meters (bcm). The second level is a reconnaissance survey presented at a scale of 1:12,000. The volume of topsoil estimated from the reconnaissance survey is approximately 3.1 million bcm. The third level is a detailed soil grid, established with sample points on 35 m centers and presented at a scale of 1:6,000. The estimated volume of topsoil from the grid sampling is approximately 3.7 million bcm. The detailed soil grid (1:6,000 scale) is considered the best representation of topsoil volume, depth and location. The general soils map (1:63,360 scale) approximates are nearly double the volume estimated from the detailed map and also poorly represents the estimated depth and location of topsoil. The reconnaissance level (1:12,000 scale) predicts the topsoil volume to be within 20% of the volume predicted by the detailed soil survey. In this study, the materials balance was best estimated using the detailed soil grid rather than the other two soil surveys.
Holocene climate dynamics in Latvia, eastern Baltic region: a pollen‐based summer temperature reconstruction and regional comparison

Heikkilä, M. & Seppä, H. 2010: Holocene climate dynamics in Latvia, eastern Baltic region: a pollen‐based summer temperature reconstruction and regional comparison. Boreas, Vol. 39, pp. 705–719. 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2010. 00164.x. ISSN 0300‐9483.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Uses in Refractory Cardiogenic Shock After Open-Heart Surgery

Introduction Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is the first-line therapy for temporary mechanical circulatory support allowing cardiac and pulmonary recovery or as a bridge to further therapeutic alternatives. The aim of this study was to report clinical outcomes in adult patients with refractory cardiac failure after open-heart surgery undergoing ECMO in a single center with an ECMO unit in Chile. Methods We retrospectively analyzed adults with refractory cardiac failure after open-heart surgery who required a venoarterial (VA) ECMO between 2016 and 2021. Results Of 16 patients with VA ECMO, 60% were men (n=10), 90% had hypertension (n=14), 69% had < 30% of left ventricular ejection fraction (n=11), and the mean European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II score was 12 ± 11%. ECMO support with central cannulation accounts for 81% (n=13), and an intra-aortic balloon pump was used in nine patients (56%). The mean time of support was 4.7 ± 2.6 days (1.5 - 12 days). ECMO weaning was achieved in 88% of patients, and in-hospital mortality was 44% (n=7) after discharge. The freedom from all-cause mortality at one year of follow-up of the entire cohort was 38% (n=6). Conclusion VA ECMO is now a well-known life-saving therapeutic option, but mortality and morbidity remain high. Implementation of an ECMO program with educational training is mandatory in order to find the proper balance between patient benefits, ethical considerations, and public health financial input in South America.
Sweroside plays a role in mitigating high glucose-induced damage in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells by regulating the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway

Sweroside is a natural monoterpene derived from Swertia pseudochinensis Hara. Recently, studies have shown that sweroside exhibits a variety of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic effects. However, its role and mechanisms in high glucose (HG)-induced renal injury remain unclear. Herein, we established a renal injury model in vitro by inducing human renal tubular epithelial cell (HK-2 cells) injury by HG. Then, the effects of sweroside on HK-2 cell activity, inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) were observed. As a result, sweroside treatment ameliorated the viability, inhibited the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and VCAM-1), reduced the generation of ROS, and inhibited EMT in HK-2 cells. Moreover, the protein expression of SIRT1 was increased and the acetylation of p65 NF-kB was decreased in HK-2 cells with sweroside treatment. More importantly, EX527, an inhibitor of SIRT1, that inactivated SIRT1, abolished the improvement effects of sweroside on HK-2 cells. Our findings suggested that sweroside may mitigate HG-caused injury in HK-2 cells by promoting SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p65 NF-kB.
A late Pleistocene–Holocene multi‐proxy record of palaeoenvironmental change from Still Bay, southern Cape Coast, South Africa

The southern Cape is a key focus for southern African palaeoenvironmental research as it represents the transitional region between temperate westerlies and sub‐tropical rainfall sources. This study presents pollen, plant biomarker, geochemical and charcoal data preserved in the Rietvlei wetland. The bulk of the record spans the last 16 ka, but it also provides rare insights into late Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 (ca. 35–30k cal a BP). The data suggest that during the Pleistocene the development and permanence of this wetland was probably influenced by sea‐level change via control on the local water table; notably lower sea levels within MIS 2 resulted in very limited wetland productivity. The MIS 3 section provides evidence both supporting previous suggestions of relatively humid conditions, but also some indication of periodic arid phases. The Holocene record suggests clear contrasts between the early (11–7k cal a BP; relatively humid), mid‐Holocene (7–3.3k cal a BP; more arid, less productive wetland conditions) and latest Holocene (last 2k cal a BP; resurgence in both fynbos and aquatic/riparian pollen). While isolating the roles of winter/summer rainfall remains challenging, these data clarify the nature of change during key episodes in the regional palaeoenvironmental record.
Efficacy of Dapagliflozin According to Heart Rate: A Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of DAPA-HF and DELIVER

BACKGROUND: Although elevated resting heart rate (HR) is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in sinus rhythm (SR), the relationship between HR and outcomes among patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction/heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and in those with atrial fibrillation (AF) is uncertain. The aims of this study were to examine the association between baseline HR and outcomes across the range of left ventricular ejection fraction, in patients with and without AF, and evaluate the effect of dapagliflozin according to HR. METHODS: A patient-level pooled analysis of the DAPA-HF (Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure; heart failure with reduced ejection fraction) and DELIVER (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure trial; heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction/heart failure with preserved ejection fraction) trials. The primary outcome of each was the composite of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: Among patients with SR (n=6401, 64%), the rate of the primary outcome was higher in those with higher HR: 16.8 versus 7.7 per 100 person-years for ≥80 bpm versus <60 bpm. The relationship between HR and risk was steeper in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction versus heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction/heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. HR was not associated with outcomes in patients in AF for either heart failure phenotype. The benefit of dapagliflozin on the primary outcome was consistent across the HR range in both SR (Pinteraction=0.28) and AF (Pinteraction=0.56), for example, for SR <60 bpm, hazard ratio for dapagliflozin versus placebo 0.72 (95% CI, 0.55–0.95); 60 to 69 bpm, 0.78 (0.63–0.97); 70 to 79 bpm, 0.73 (0.59–0.91); ≥80 bpm, 0.77 (0.61–0.97). The benefit was consistent across HR range in both heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction/heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death increased with increasing baseline HR among patients in SR, but this association was not seen among patients in AF, irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction. The benefit of dapagliflozin was consistent across HR range, irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction or rhythm. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov; Unique identifiers: NCT03036124 and NCT03619213.