Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decision-Making at Intersections

As vehicles become increasingly automated, it is important to consider how drivers’ behaviors are impacted by factors such as trust in automation and risk. Early definitions of trust suggest that peoples’ perceptions of risk matter more than the objective reality. This study was designed to assess this claim by asking individuals to make braking judgments within the context of a driver approaching a yellow light at an intersection. The judgments were made with and without an automated braking system. We predicted that objective risk would inform drivers’ perceptions of risk and make them more likely to endorse braking as they neared the intersection. We also predicted that drivers’ overall attitudes towards braking would differ when they were instructed to imagine using an automated braking system versus when they imagined driving the vehicle themselves. These hypotheses were tested with a Qualtrics survey, where drivers viewed images that portrayed a car at various distances from a yellow light. Each image was paired with a Likert-style question to assess drivers’ endorsement of braking at the point depicted in the figure. Participants’ endorsements of braking increased as the vehicle was depicted further from the intersection. This pattern of endorsement was similar when participants imagined driving the automated car; however, participants had a bias to endorse braking more strongly when they were tasked with driving a car without automation. These results suggest that people may see automated braking systems as behaving differently from themselves, a finding that has meaningful implications for systems design.
Ultrafast spin-induced polarization oscillations with tunable lifetime in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

We report spin-induced polarization oscillations in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers above threshold and at room temperature. The oscillation frequency is 11.6 GHz, which is significantly higher than the modulation bandwidth of less than 4 GHz in the device. The oscillation frequency is determined by an additional resonance frequency in birefringence containing microcavities, which is potentially much higher than the conventional relaxation oscillation frequency. The damping of the oscillations can be controlled by the current, allowing for oscillation lifetimes much longer than the spin lifetime in the device as well as for short bursts potentially interesting for information transmission.
2D magnetotelluric image of the Dobrá Voda seismoactive area

Dobrá Voda village is located in the Malé Karpaty Mts. (Brezovské Karpaty) and is well known for its increased seismic activity. For a better understanding of the processes preceding earthquakes, this area has been studied using several methods. One of them is magnetotellurics. Magnetotellurics provides an image of the distribution of electrical conductivity within the Earth and helps to determine individual tectonic structures, specifically faults. The shallow conductive structures are associated with Neogene sediments of the Danube Basin, sedimentary fill of the Dobrá Voda Depression, and partial nappes of Hronicum, probably saturated with water. Less conductive structures are the Fatricum sediments and the lowest conductivity values belong to crystalline basement of the Tatricum tectonic unit. Whole structure of the Dobrá Voda seismoactive area along our magnetotelluric profile is disrupted by NE–SW oriented normal faults. Based on the location of earthquake hypocentres, we can identify main seismoactive areas as crystalline complexes of Tatricum.
Genomic Characterization of hox Genes in Senegalese Sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858): Clues to Evolutionary Path in Pleuronectiformes

Simple Summary The Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858), a marine flatfish species, is of commercial interest for both fisheries and aquaculture. In aquaculture, currently there are several production bottlenecks, mainly in larvae culture and rearing. The hox genes participate in cell differentiation and structuring of the anterior–posterior axis during embryonic development. In this work, using cytogenetic and genomic techniques, hox genes were isolated and sequenced to study the sequence and cluster organization, together with the cytogenetic localization. Results were analyzed from an evolutionary perspective by comparing with other species. Our findings should represent a useful starting point for further research in order to gain more knowledge of the development of Senegalese sole for planning functional analyses focused on the main concerns that characterize the development phase. Abstract The Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858), a marine flatfish, belongs to the Pleuronectiformes order. It is a commercially important species for fisheries and aquaculture. However, in aquaculture, several production bottlenecks have still to be resolved, including skeletal deformities and high mortality during the larval and juvenile phase. The study aims to characterize the hox gene clusters in S. senegalensis to understand better the developmental and metamorphosis process in this species. Using a BAC library, the clones that contain hox genes were isolated, sequenced by NGS and used as BAC-FISH probes. Subsequently the hox clusters were studied by sequence analysis, comparative genomics, and cytogenetic and phylogenetic analysis. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated the localization of four BAC clones on chromosome pairs 4, 12, 13, and 16 of the Senegalese sole cytogenomic map. Comparative and phylogenetic analysis showed a highly conserved organization in each cluster and different phylogenetic clustering in each hox cluster. Analysis of structural and repetitive sequences revealed accumulations of polymorphisms mediated by repetitive elements in the hoxba cluster, mainly retroelements. Therefore, a possible loss of the hoxb7a gene can be established in the Pleuronectiformes lineage. This work allows the organization and regulation of hox clusters to be understood, and is a good base for further studies of expression patterns.
Slightly Elevated Progesterone on HCG Trigger Day Has an Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes of Fresh Single Blastocyst Transfer Cycles Under an Early Follicular Phase Prolonged Protocol Cycle

Background The effect of premature progesterone elevation on assisted reproductive technology has been debated. In different ovarian stimulation protocols, ovarian responses, and embryos transferred, conflicting results reside regarding the impact of elevated progesterone on pregnancy outcomes, according to previous studies. In addition, most studies have focused on significantly elevated progesterone levels, eg, above 1.5ng/mL, 1.75ng/mL, 2ng/mL. However, studies focusing on levels that are just slightly elevated are lacking, and some have concluded that such levels have no adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. Methods Clinical data of patients who underwent early follicular phase prolonged protocol cycle in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment were collected. Patients were divided into two groups according to progesterone level on the trigger day of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG): Group 1: < 1.0ng/mL and Group 2: 1.0–1.5ng/mL. Differences in baseline characteristics, ovulation promotion, and embryo culture, along with clinical pregnancy outcomes, were compared between the two cohorts. Results A total of 743 participants were included in this study, of which 587 were included in Group 1 and 156 were included in Group 2. In terms of pregnancy outcomes, Group 2 had a significantly lower clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate per cycle than Group 1 (64.1% vs 75.7%, p < 0.05; 63.5% vs 72.7%, p < 0.05). After correction for maternal age, maternal body mass index, infertility duration, basal follicle-stimulating hormone, anti-Müllerian hormone, antral follicle count, total dose of gonadotropin, days of stimulation, and estradiol level on HCG trigger day, slightly elevated progesterone levels (P > 1.0ng/mL) remained a risk factor for pregnancy failure in fresh single D5 blastocyst transfer under an early follicular phase prolonged protocol cycle. Conclusion Slightly elevated progesterone levels on HCG trigger day may negatively affect pregnancy outcomes in early follicular phase prolonged protocol cycles.
Sounding Mechanism of the Flute and Organ Pipe

Measurements on an artificially blown and mechanically excited flute head joint provide values of the complex acoustic back pressure generated by the blowing jet. The magnitude of the acoustic back pressure is calculable from the jet momentum and is approximately twice the static blowing pressure times the ratio of the lip‐aperture area to the tube cross‐section area. The phase of the induced back pressure relative to the oscillation volume velocity is determined by the lip‐to‐edge distance and the velocity of propagation of a wave on the jet. Adjustment of this phase is demonstrated to be the major means by which the flutist selects the desired mode of oscillation of the instrument. The efficiency of conversion from jet power to acoustic oscillation power is low (2.4% at 440 Hz) and is about equal to the ratio of particle velocities in the air column and the jet. Nonlinear (turbulent) losses are measured and are substantial. Stroboscopic views of the jet motion under explicitly stated oscillation conditi.
Mothers Knowledge Regarding Danger Signs of Newborn

This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the knowledge of mothers in urban and rural areas about new born danger signs. It included 200 mothers of infants (100 from urban and 100 from rural area), from the Paediatrics OPD and Paediatrics and Maternity Wards, of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, and the Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project (CRHSP), Ballabgarh. The data was collected using self-developed and semi structured interview schedule. The mean knowledge score of mothers regarding newborn danger signs was 39.3 percent. The urban mothers had a mean score of 44.7 percent (graded as average) as compared to rural mothers whose mean knowledge score was 32.94 percent (graded as poor). The urban mothers had significantly better knowledge as compared to rural mothers regarding newborn danger signs. Majority of mothers could state at least one symptom of hyperthermia 191 (95.5%), severe jaundice 162 (81%), lethargy150 (75%), respiratory distress 127 (63.5%), and hypothermia 103 (51.5%). Majority of mothers responded that if danger signs are observed in newborns then immediate medical consultation would be necessary. In rural area majority of mothers did not identify hypothermia (64%), convulsions (85%), skin pustules (65%), respiratory distress (54%) and severe dehydration (85%) as danger sign in newborns. The study showed that mothers had inadequate knowledge regarding newborn danger signs and their management. Educational interventions for mothers are needed to make them aware of the newborn danger signs and the need to seek care by qualified health providers for treatment.
Millennials and organisational commitment: current and future perspectives

ABSTRACT Considerable research in recent decades has been devoted to investigating the nature of organisational commitment, as well as the factors influencing it, and the effects that it has on decisions and actions. In the current paper we contribute to this research by investigating the question as to whether millennials (i.e. people born in the years between 1980 and 2000) might differ from earlier generations in terms of their organisational commitment. We report the results of a literature review of recent theoretical and empirical research on organisational commitment. While some studies provide reason to suspect that millennials might exhibit less organisational commitment than previous generations, the overall body of existing evidence points towards a more nuanced conclusion. Specifically, existing evidence suggests that millennials are not less committed in the workplace than previous generations, but that some factors may be increasing in importance for them compared to previous generations.
TAXONOMIC NOTES ON LISPE (DIPTERA, MUSCIDAE). PARTS 1–9

The world fauna of the Lispe leucospila group, L. tentaculata group, L. nivalis group, L. scalaris group, L. nana species complex, L. kowarzi species complex, L. desjardinsii group and L. longicollis group are considered. Five new species L. medvedevi sp. nov., L. tomkovichi sp. nov., L. martirei sp. nov., L. triangularis sp. nov. and L. dmitryi sp. nov.; one subspecies L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. and hitherto unknown males of Lispe nubilipennis Loew, 1873 and Lispe flavipes Stein, 1913 are described. Eight new synonymies are proposed: Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) = Lispe eidsvoldica Malloch, 1925, syn. nov.; Lispe irvingi Curran, 1937 = Lispe mapaiensis Paterson, 1953, syn. nov. = Lispe andrewi Paterson, 1953, syn. nov.; Lispe pectinipes Becker, 1903 = Lispe paraspila Zielke, 1972, syn. nov.; Lispe tentaculata (De Geer, 1776) = Lispe alpinicola Zhong, Wu & Fan, 1981 syn. nov.; L. scalaris scalaris Loew, 1847 = Lispe scalaris ssp. maroccana Canzoneri & Meneghini, 1966, syn. nov.; Lispe Latreille, 1796 = Lispacoenosia Snyder, 1949, syn. nov.; Lispe fulvitarsus (Snyder, 1949) comb. nov. = Lispe asetopleura Vikhrev, 2012 syn. nov. The identification keys for considered species groups, species complexes and proposed here L. tentaculata supergroup are given. Резюме. Рассмотрена мировая фауна групп видов Lispe leucospila, L. tentaculata, L. nivalis, L. scalaris, L. desjardinsii group и L. longicollis, видовых комплексов L. nana, L. kowarzi. Описано 5 новых видов: L. medvedevi sp. nov., L. tomkovichi sp. nov., L. martirei sp. nov., L. triangularis sp. nov. и L. dmitryi sp. nov.; 1 подвид: L. fulvitarsus asiatica ssp. nov. Также дано описание неизвестных до настоящего времени самцов Lispe nubilipennis Loew, 1873 и Lispe flavipes Stein, 1913. Предложено 8 новых синонимов: Lispe leucospila (Wiedemann, 1830) = Lispe eidsvoldica Malloch, 1925, syn. nov.; Lispe irvingi Curran, 1937 = Lispe mapaiensis Paterson, 1953, syn. nov. = Lispe andrewi Paterson, 1953, syn. nov.; Lispe pectinipes Becker, 1903 = Lispe paraspila Zielke, 1972, syn. nov.; Lispe tentaculata (De Geer, 1776) = Lispe alpinicola Zhong, Wu & Fan, 1981 syn. nov.; L. scalaris scalaris Loew, 1847 = Lispe scalaris ssp. maroccana Canzoneri & Meneghini, 1966, syn. nov.; Lispe Latreille, 1796 = Lispacoenosia Snyder, 1949, syn. nov.; Lispe fulvitarsus (Snyder, 1949) comb. nov. = Lispe asetopleura Vikhrev, 2012 syn. nov. Даны определительные ключи для всех рассмотренных групп видов и видовых комплексов, а также для предложенной в статье супергруппы L. tentaculata.
Bijective Relative Gabriel Correspondence over Rings with Torsion Theoretic Krull Dimension

Abstract A series of results by Asensio and Torrecillas (1992, Comm. Algebra 20 , 847–866), Gordon and Robson (1973, “Krull Dimension,” Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, Vol. 133), Kim and Krause (1999, Comm. Algebra 27 , 3339–3351), and Năstăsescu (1981, Comm. Algebra 9 , 1395–1426) give information about rings that have Krull dimension or are noetherian relative to a torsion theory. The aim of this paper is to extend these results to rings R having relative Krull dimension with respect to a hereditary torsion theory τ on Mod- R such that any τ-torsion-free right R -module M has nonempty assassinator. Since any ideal invariant hereditary torsion theory has this property in view of a recent result by the authors (2000, J. Algebra 229 , 498–513), these results apply in particular to the commutative case.
On the nature of the symbiotic binary AX Persei

Photometric and spectroscopic observations of the symbiotic binary AX Persei are presented. This system contains a red giant that fills its tidal lobe and transfers material into an accretion disk surrounding a low-mass main-sequence star. The stellar masses - 1 solar mass for the red giant and about 0.4 solar mass for the companion - suggest AX Per is poised to enter a common envelope phase of evolution. The disk luminosity increases from L(disk) about 100 solar luminosity in quiescence to L(disk) about 5700 solar luminosity in outburst for a distance of d = 2.5 kpc. Except for visual maximum, high ionization permitted emission lines - such as He II - imply an EUV luminosity comparable to the disk luminosity. High-energy photons emitted by a hot boundary layer between the disk and central star ionize a surrounding nebula to produce this permitted line emission. High ionization forbidden lines form in an extended, shock-excited region well out of the binary's orbital plane and may be associated with mass loss from the disk.
Acylcarnitines in Ophthalmology: Promising Emerging Biomarkers

Several common ocular diseases are leading causes of irreversible visual impairment. Over the last decade, various mainly untargeted metabolic studies have been performed to show that metabolic dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. A number of metabolites in plasma/serum, aqueous or vitreous humor, or in tears have been found to differ between patients and controls; among them are L-carnitine and acylcarnitines, which are essential for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. The metabolic profile of carnitines regarding a variety of diseases has attracted researchers’ interest. In this review, we present and discuss recent advances that have been made in the identification of carnitines as potential metabolic biomarkers in common ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, central retinal vein occlusion, primary open-angle glaucoma, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and dry eye syndrome.
Carbon emission and export from the Ket River, western Siberia

Abstract. Despite recent progress in the understanding of the carbon (C) cycle of Siberian permafrost-affected rivers, spatial and seasonal dynamics of C export and emission from medium-sized rivers (50 000–300 000 km2 watershed area) remain poorly known. Here we studied one of the largest tributaries of the Ob River, the Ket River (watershed = 94 000 km2), which drains through pristine taiga forest of the boreal zone in the West Siberian Lowland (WSL). We combined continuous and discrete measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration using submersible CO2 sensor and floating chamber flux (FCO2), with methane (CH4), dissolved organic and inorganic C (DOC and DIC, respectively), particulate organic C and total bacterial concentrations over an 800 km transect of the Ket River main stem and its 26 tributaries during spring flood (May 2019) and 12 tributaries during summer baseflow (end of August–beginning of September 2019). The partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) was lower and less variable in the main stem (2000 to 2500 µatm) compared to that in the tributaries (2000 to 5000 µatm). In the tributaries, the pCO2 was 40 % higher during baseflow compared to spring flood, whereas in the main stem, it did not vary significantly across the seasons. The methane concentration in the main stem and tributaries was a factor of 300 to 1900 (flood period) and 100 to 150 times lower than that of CO2 and ranged from 0.05 to 2.0 µmol L−1. The FCO2 ranged from 0.4 to 2.4 g C m−2 d−1 in the main channel and from 0.5 to 5.0 g C m−2 d−1 in the tributaries, being highest during August in the tributaries and weakly dependent on the season in the main channel. During summer baseflow, the DOC aromaticity, bacterial number, and needleleaf forest coverage of the watershed positively affected CO2 concentrations and fluxes. We hypothesize that relatively low spatial and seasonal variability in FCO2 of the Ket River is due to a flat homogeneous landscape (bogs and taiga forest) that results in long water residence times and stable input of allochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM), which dominate the FCO2. The open water period (May to October) C emission from the fluvial network (main stem and tributaries) of the Ket River was estimated to 127 ± 11 Gg C yr−1, which is lower than the downstream dissolved and particulate C export during the same period. The estimated fluvial C emissions are highly conservative and contain uncertainties linked to ignoring hotspots and hot moments of emissions, notably in the floodplain zone. This stresses the need to improve the temporal resolution of FCO2 and water coverage across seasons and emphasizes the important role of WSL rivers in the release of CO2 into the atmosphere.
Apsidal advance in Vela X-1

An upper bound on the rate of apsidal advance in Vela X-1 is determined, taking into account the effect of the red noise in pulse frequency reported by Boynton et al. (1986). A new, more precise mean orbit is computed which provides substantially smaller upper bounds on both the rate of apsidal advance and the rate of change of the orbital period than previous solutions. A new, hybrid method for measuring the rate of apsidal advance is described that uses eclipse observations as well as pulse timing. The new method is potentially as useful as the direct measurement from pulse-timing alone for systems that allow more precise determinations of eclipse ingress and egress than does Vela X-1.
An extension of integrable peakon equations with cubic nonlinearity

A generalization of integrable peakon equations with cubic nonlinearity and the Degasperis–Procesi equation with peakon solutions is proposed, which is associated with a 3 × 3 matrix spectral problem with two potentials. With the aid of the zero-curvature equation, we derive a hierarchy of new nonlinear evolution equations and establish their Hamiltonian structures. The generalization is exactly a negative flow in the hierarchy and admits exact solutions with N-peakons and an infinite sequence of conserved quantities. Moreover, a reduction of this hierarchy and its Hamiltonian structures are discussed.
Accelerating Garbage Collection of 3D Flash Memory via Exploiting Inter-Channel Parallelism

3D flash memory relaxes the scaling constraints but unfortunately arouses the tedious garbage collection (GC) problem. We identify via an in-depth analysis that the root cause is the intra-channel relocation in conventional GC operations. We present ParaGC, an approach that strives to speed up the GC process via fully exploiting the inter-channel parallelism of 3D flash memory. ParaGC builds on two elementary designs: (i) relocation arrangement, which carefully determines the relocation traffic that each channel affords; and (ii) page assignment, which dispatches pages based on the access characteristic and the channel busyness. We implement ParaGC and conduct extensive experiments with ten real-world traces, showing that ParaGC can reduce 20.2-41.3% of the read latency, 24.3-38.8% of the write latency, and 51.5-75.8% of the GC latency.