Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 200, Revision 1 (FGE.200 Rev.1): 74 α,β‐unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes and precursors from chemical subgroup 1.1.1 of FGE.19

Abstract The Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings of the European Food Safety Authority was requested to evaluate the genotoxic potential of 74 flavouring substances from subgroup 1.1.1 of FGE.19 in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 200 Revision 1 (FGE.200 Rev1). In FGE.200, genotoxicity studies were provided for one representative substance, namely hex‐2(trans)‐enal [FL‐no: 05.073], and for other two substances in the same subgroup, namely 2‐dodecenal [FL‐no: 05.037] and 2‐nonenal [FL‐no: 05.171]. The Panel concluded that the concern still remains with respect to genotoxicity for the substances of this subgroup and requested an in vivo Comet assay performed in duodenum and liver for hex‐2(trans)‐enal [FL‐no: 05.073]. For the two other representative substances of subgroup 1.1.1 (nona‐2(trans),6(cis)‐dienal [FL‐no: 05.058] and oct‐2‐enal [FL‐no: 05.060]), the Panel requested a combined in vivo Comet assay and micronucleus assay. These data have been provided and are evaluated in the present opinion FGE.200 Rev1. Industry submitted genotoxicity studies on trans‐2‐octenal [FL‐no: 05.190], instead of oct‐2‐enal [FL‐no: 05.060]. Based on the available data, the Panel concluded that the concern for genotoxicity can be ruled out for hex‐2(trans)‐enal [FL‐no: 05.073], trans‐2‐octenal [FL‐no: 05.190] and nona‐2(trans),6(cis)‐dienal [FL‐no: 05.058], therefore all the 74 substances [FL‐no: 02.020, 02.049, 02.050, 02.090, 02.112, 02.137, 02.156, 02.192, 02.210, 02.231, 05.037, 05.058, 05.060, 05.070, 05.072, 05.073, 05.076, 05.078, 05.102, 05.109, 05.111, 05.114, 05.120, 05.144, 05.150, 05.171, 05.172, 05.179, 05.184, 05.189, 05.190, 05.191, 05.195, 06.025, 06.031, 06.072, 09.054, 09.097, 09.109, 09.119, 09.146, 09.233, 09.244, 09.247, 09.276, 09.277, 09.303, 09.312, 09.385, 09.394, 09.395, 09.396, 09.397, 09.398, 09.399, 09.400, 09.410, 09.411, 09.469, 09.482, 09.489, 09.492, 09.493, 09.498, 09.678, 09.701, 09.719, 09.741, 09.790, 09.841, 09.866, 09.947, 09.948, 13.004] can be evaluated through the Procedure for flavouring substances.
Garlic as Alternative Therapy to Treat Uropathogene Bacteria in Women with Urinary Tract Infection in Lomé, Togo

The urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection, especially in women. The increased incidence of UTIs, at the last decades have paralleled with the growing emergence of antibiotic resistance. The aim is to evaluate aqueous garlic extract (AGE) susceptibility against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria isolated in urine of women. The investigation of antibacterial propriety and time kill effect of AGE was performed by the well method, microdilution method and spectrophotometer assay. Antibiotics susceptibility assay revealed that the nine MDR bacteria had high resistance against Amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid (100%) and Erythromycin (100%), Cefotaxime (83.33%) and Ceftazidime (83.33%). AGE exhibited potent antibacterial activity against the nine MDR bacteria tested. In Gram-negative bacteria, the inhibition diameters ranged from 20 ± 3 to 32 ± 4 mm, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) ranging from 10% to 12.5% (w/v) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBCs) was 12.5 % (w/v). Gram-positive bacteria exhibited diameters ranging from 38 ± 2 to 45 ± 1 mm; MIC and MBC values ranged from 05 to 10 % (w/v) and were found more susceptible than Gram-negative bacteria. To conclude, this investigation shown that AGE have high potential antibacterial to use as an alternative to treat women UTIs.
The Triple Aim framework in the context of primary healthcare: A systematic literature review

The Triple Aim framework is an increasingly popular tool for designing and assessing quality improvements in the health care sector. We systematically reviewed the empirical evidence on the application of the Triple Aim framework within primary healthcare settings since its inception almost a decade ago. Results show that primary healthcare providers varied in their interpretation of the Triple Aim framework and generally struggled with a lack of guidance and an absence of composite sets of measures for performance assessment. Greater clarity around application of the Triple Aim framework in primary healthcare is needed, especially around the selection and implementation of purposeful measures from locally available data. This review highlights areas for improvement and makes recommendations intended to guide future applications of the Triple Aim in the context of primary healthcare.
Levels of Liver Markers in Textile Processing and Dyeing Industry Workers

Background: The textile dyeing industries has been condemned as being one of the world’s most offenders in terms of pollution. The workers from textile processing and dyeing industry are exposed to various processing chemicals, dyes and different pollutant for long term which may causing hazardous effects on various organs like particularly lung, liver, kidney have become important issue and less data available which explain the effects of these chemicals on biochemical parameters. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study is to estimate the levels of Liver function markers in textile processing and dyeing industry and healthy controls. Materials & Methods: In this study, 95 subjects working in textile processing and dyeing industry more than 5 years and 95 healthy controls of both gender matching in age and sex were included. The analysis of biochemical parameters was done by using standard grade reagents and chemicals. Serum Bilirubin, Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT/AST), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT/ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum Protein, Albumin, were assayed by autoanalyzer using diagnostic reagent kit. Results: In the present study Mean of serum bilirubin, SGOT, serum SGPT and alkaline phosphatase is more in Textile processing and dyeing industry workers than controls. There was no significant change in mean difference of serum proteins, serum albumin and serum globulin (P > 0.05) but highly significant change seen in serum albumin (P = 000) as compared to control. Conclusion: Significant changes were observed for various parameters like serum bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase, serum proteins are associated with the increased risk of dysfunction of the liver among the textile processing and dyeing industry workers. Increased awareness and early diagnosis of the exposure to toxic substances in textile processing and dyeing industries are essential for performing prompt management, improving clinical outcomes.
Development of Hyperalgesia in Patients Treated with Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma Due to Androgenetic Alopecia

Amac: Platelet zengin plazmanin (PZP) etkisini trombositlerin alfa granullerinde bulunan buyume faktorleri ile yuksek trombosit konsantrasyonuna bagli olarak gosterdigi dusunulmektedir. Tekrarlayan girisimlerde artan agri hissi, PZP’nin hipersensitizasyonla iliskili hiperaljeziye neden olabilecegi sorusunu gundeme getirmektedir. Literaturde tekrarlayan PZP enjeksiyonunun neden oldugu periferik duyarliligi bildiren yayin yoktur. Bu calismada, androjenik sac kaybi olan PZP hastalarinda hipersensitizasyona bagli hiperaljezinin olup olmadigini arastirmayi amacladik. Hastalar ve Yontem: Calismaya 2016-2017 yillari arasinda androgenetik alopesisi olan 25-35 yaslari arasinda 10 erkek hasta dahil edildi. Otolog PZP, frontal ve parietal bolge derisine cm2 basina 1 mL enjekte edildi ve enjeksiyon birinci, ikinci ve altinci ayda tekrarlandi. Hastalarin agrili uyaranlara verdigi cevaplar, tum enjeksiyonlardan hemen once ve ilk yilda, degisken olarak Von Frey filamentleri kullanilarak arastirildi. Her bir olcumun hiperaljezi skorlari, iki cerrahin ortalama sonuclari ile belirlendi. Sac kaybi olan hastalar dermoskopi ile degerlendirildi. Birim alandaki sac folikulu sayisi tespit edildi ve hastalarin her bir kontrolunde fotograf cekildi. Bulgular: Hastalarin yas ortalamasi 29,4 idi. Hastalar hiperaljezi acisindan degerlendirildiginde, her PZP uygulamasindan sonra, PZP enjeksiyonu oncesi ile karsilastirildiginda agrinin daha az g stimulasyonu ile hissedildigi gozlendi (P < 0.05). Hiperaljezinin en yuksek periyodu PZP’den sonraki ilk yildaydi (P < 0.05). Sac yogunlugundaki artis, ilk tedaviden sonra 1. , 2. , 6. ve 12. aylarda % 6,4 , 9,4 , 21 ve 27,6 olarak hesaplandi. Sonuc: Hastalarda tekrarlayan PZP enjeksiyonlari nedeniyle hiperaljezi ortaya cikabilir. Bu hastalarda hiperaljezinin gelisimi PZP icerigindeki buyume faktorlerine bagli olabilir. Tekrarlanan PZP enjeksiyonlarindan sonra ortaya cikan hiperaljezinin nedenini belirlemek icin ileri deneysel ve klinik calismalara ihtiyac vardir.
Relationships Between Myers-Briggs Type Indicators and NAPLEX Performances

Objective. To examine the relationships between pharmacy students’ Myers-Briggs Type Indicators (MBTIs) and their first-attempt NAPLEX scores within an accelerated, dual campus curriculum. Methods. Data from the MBTIs and NAPLEX findings were retrieved from a single cohort of the Columbia, SC and Savannah, GA campuses of South University School of Pharmacy. A multiple linear regression technique was performed to assess the degree of variability in first-attempt NAPLEX scores that could be accounted for by MBTIs, campus of enrollment, and gender. Results. Of the 134 student data samples collected, 119 (86%) were included for study analysis. Campus of enrollment and MBTIs were predictive of first-attempt NAPLEX scores. Introversion personality types scored 9.5 points higher on the NAPLEX than extroversion types; feeling personality types scored 6.0 points higher than thinking types; students enrolled at the Savannah, GA campus scored 5.7 points higher than their Columbia, SC campus counterparts. Conclusion. Certain personality types were shown to have predictive value with regard to first-attempt NAPLEX score achievements. These results offer plausible insights into pharmacy student tendencies that can affect success on high-stakes standardized examinations. Additional research into sociological aspects of pharmacy students’ composition may assist with optimizing performances on licensure examinations as prerequisites to proficient careers within the pharmacy profession.
Effects of Preoperative Exercise on Physical Fitness and Body Composition in Pancreatic Cancer Survivors Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Case Series

Background and Purpose: Poor preoperative physical fitness and muscle mass are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in pancreatic cancer survivors. While neoadjuvant therapy improves viability for and effectiveness of a surgical resection in patients with borderline-resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, it also reduces preoperative fitness and muscle mass. The purpose of this investigation was to prevent fitness and muscle mass declines in this population with a supervised, preoperative exercise program. Methods: Patients recently diagnosed with borderline-resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma and prescribed neoadjuvant therapy were recruited. Assessments of body composition, physical fitness, and health-related quality of life were assessed at baseline (<4 weeks from diagnosis), preoperatively, and 6 weeks after hospital discharge. Participants attended 2 to 3 supervised exercise sessions per week for the duration of neoadjuvant therapy. Sessions consisted of aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises tailored to the individual. Adherence to the exercise program was recorded to assess feasibility. Results: Only 3 participants were recruited in an 8-month window, primarily due to location limitations, and are presented as a case series. All participants increased lean muscle mass and physical fitness after the exercise program. Two participants met cancer cachexia diagnostic criteria at baseline but not after the exercise program. One participant developed metastatic disease and did not receive surgery. Neither of the participants who underwent surgery was readmitted to the hospital after discharge. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that a preoperative exercise program during neoadjuvant therapy may be effective at maintaining or improving muscle mass and physical fitness in pancreatic cancer survivors.
Evaluation of the results of Turner syndrome patients during the first three years of recombinant human growth hormone therapy

Introduction. Turner syndrome (TS) is one of the most common chromosomal aberrations. Patients with TS reach a final height that is 20 cm shorter than the average female height in a given population. Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy is used, which improves the height gain and allows to achieve a more satisfying final stature. Materials and methods. In this study, we analyzed data of 13 patients of the University Children’s Hospital in Lublin diagnosed with TS. All of the participants were qualified for the growth hormone therapy program and all of them received rhGH for at least 3 years. Results. The patients’ mean height at initiation of therapy was 119.9 ± 19 cm. In all cases, height was <3pc for age and sex. In the first three years of therapy, patients took a mean dose of growth hormone 0.05 ± 0.01 mg/kg/day. After initiating rhGH, the mean height velocity (HV) in the first year of therapy was the greatest and reached 7.77 ± 1.85 cm/year, it was also higher in patients with lower initial height and in those who started therapy earlier. In the second and third year of rGH therapy, the height velocity clearly decreased. Neither the hormone dosage or the age at initiation of therapy significantly affected the three-year treatment effect. After three years of therapy, no side effects, which would be the basis for discontinuation of treatment, were observed. Conclusions. In most patients with TS, rhGH therapy at a dose of 0.05 Słowa kluczowe
Testing the Partnership-Health Association among African American Men Who Have Sex with Men

abstract:Partnered individuals frequently report better psychological health and health behaviors than singletons. Few studies have examined this partnership-health association among African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM), even though such partnerships may differ meaningfully from other partnerships. We used t-tests on self-reported data among AAMSM (N=229) participating in an HIV-prevention intervention, to compare AAMSM with a primary male partner (n=147) to AAMSM with no primary male partner (n=82), on measures of psychosocial health and health behaviors. Partnered AAMSM reported less social isolation, fewer female sexual partners, and more drug use. Potential explanations of these mixed findings are discussed.
Factors associated with stunting in Dodoma region, Tanzania

Child undernutrition is a major public health concern, claiming the lives of numerous children below five years of age in the developing world. The objective of this study was to assess the factors associated with stunting of children of age 6 – 23 months in Dodoma Municipality and Chamwino District in Dodoma region. Dodoma region located in the central zone of Tanzania was chosen for this study because of its high prevalence (56%) of stunting among children under five years of age. A systematic random sampling technique was used to choose wards, villages, and households that had children aged 6 - 23 months, resulting in 394 households participating in this cross-sectional study. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic information and infant feeding practices. Anthropometric measurements were taken as per WHO standard procedures. A repeated 24-hour dietary recall was used to assess food intake among the study population. Multivariate logistic regression using backward stepwise selection method was used to obtain independent factors of stunting. The overall prevalence of stunting was 40.4% (95% CI; 29.8; 50.9), Chamwino District had a higher prevalence of stunting (44.3%) compared to Dodoma municipality (26.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, age of introduction of complementary food [AOR = 13.3; (95% CI: 2.6 – 67.6)], maternal education [AOR = 5.5; (95% CI: 1.0 – 9.8)], residence in Chamwino District [AOR = 3.2; (95% CI: 1.3 – 5.9)] were factors associated with stunting. About half of the study population (49%) was introduced to complementary foods early, the median age was four months instead of 6 months as recommended by WHO. Infant’s diet was mainly cereal-based, other foods such as animal food source, fruits, and dairy products were consumed by 18%, 11% and 7.1% of children respectively. The dietary pattern of infants was not diversified as 47.7% of infants scored 1 to 3 points out of 12 points categorized as low dietary diversity. Failure to attain normal growth pattern is the most prevalent form of undernutrition in childhood. Associated factors are many, diverse and interrelated. The present study identified maternal education, early introduction of complementary foods and being a resident of Chamwino District as factors to be associated with stunting. Prioritization of identified factors serves as a highlight for better planning of nutrition intervention programs that intend to promote child growth. Key words : Stunting, nutrition status, 6 – 23 months, dietary diversity and complementary food
Regulating Traditional Medicine Professionals in the Public Interest: A Case Study of Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture Regulation in Ontario, Canada

Many complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) interventions, such as acupuncture and herbal medicines, are rooted in traditional medicine (TM) systems indigenous to particular cultures and lands. The World Health Organization has recommended that nations take steps to regulate both TM and CAM practitioners worldwide, with the aim of enhancing their ‘safety, quality and effectiveness’. Several United Nations bodies have moreover recommended that nations take steps to protect TM knowledge, and prevent further misappropriation of TM practices. However, to date, very few studies have investigated or discussed how regulators may address the unique complexities of regulating TM practitioners and TM-rooted practices. This PhD dissertation – a qualitative case study of traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture regulation in the province of Ontario, Canada: a) explores the range of factors that distinguish the regulation of traditional medicine practices and professionals from biomedical professionals; and b) considers how the ‘public interest’ may be conceptualized to appropriately address these distinguishing factors in regulatory context. Data for the study was generated from several sources, including mixed methods survey, documentary review, and 32 key informant interviews. Analytic approaches included thematic and critical discourse analyses using the principle of ‘regulatory equity’ as a guiding concept. Postcolonial, multiculturalism, and boundary work theories, as well as legal principles of disparate impact discrimination and reasonable accommodation, were applied across the study. This body of work
The role of conventional tube and column agglutination technique in predicting hemolysis in various clinical conditions

Introduction: The correlation of positive result in direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with in vivo hemolysis is important for the patient management. This study compares the correlation of tube-DAT and -DAT by column agglutination technique (CAT) with in vivo hemolysis and reviews the appropriateness of the requests for DAT in patients with various clinical conditions. Patients and Methods: A total of 250 consecutive patients referred for DAT were enrolled for the study. Laboratory indicators of hemolysis were obtained from the computerized hospital data management system. Hemolysis in patients was graded using predetermined criteria. DAT was done using CAT and tube techniques and graded on the agglutination pattern. Results: Among 250 patients studied, 160 patients were from the hemato-oncology unit, and 47 had an autoimmune disease. Laboratory evidence of hemolysis was seen in 170 patients (severe: 45.88% and moderate: 54.12%). Positive DAT by tube technique was seen in only 41 out of 65 patients whose DAT was positive by CAT. Hemolytic anemia was the single largest cause in this group. Positive predictive values (PPVs) of tube and CAT were comparable. On comparing the strength of agglutination with the in vivo-hemolysis, 1+ reaction by CAT had low PPV. Conclusion: The present study shows that mere DAT positivity does not always indicate in vivo hemolysis. Hence, while recommending the routine use of CAT for DAT, we suggest to incorporate the strength of agglutination reaction in laboratory report for the ease of interpretation.
Maternal and Fetal Toxicity of Carisoprodol

Aim of the work: this study aimed to detect the histological and histochemical changes in liver tissue of pregnant rats and their fetuses after treatment with carisoprodol. Material and methods: thirty pregnant female rats were randomly categorized into three groups (ten pregnant female rats in each group). The first was administered oral doses of distilled water and was served as control. The other two groups were administered oral doses of carisoprodol in the distilled water equivalent to 10.8 mg and 21.6 mg/100g body weight/day respectively for 15 days from the 6th day to the 20th day of gestation. Numerous histological and histochemical studies were done to detect the histopathological and histochemical changes. Results: maternal and fetal liver tissue of both treated groups showed lots of degenerative changes post-treatment withcarisoprodol. The severity of these changes was more obvious in fetal liver tissue of both groups this was accompanied with numerous histochemical changes. Conclusion: treatment of pregnant rats withcarisoprodol led to numerous dystrophic changes in maternal and fetal liver tissue.
Effectiveness of Occupational Therapy Interventions for Fine Motor Skills in School-Age Children

Date Presented 4/20/2018 This study used a mixed methods approach to identify and define common interventions for the treatment of fine motor delays in school-age children and explored their effectiveness in an outpatient pediatric clinic. Primary Author and Speaker: Aimee Piller Additional Authors and Speakers: Elizabeth Torrez