Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The ultramafic–intermediate Riwaka Complex, New Zealand: summary of the petrology, geochemistry and related Ni–Cu–PGE mineralisation

ABSTRACT The Late Devonian ultramafic–intermediate Riwaka Complex represents a rare example of magmatic-related Ni–Cu–platinum group element (PGE) sulphide mineralisation within a convergent margin setting. We provide a comprehensive review of the petrography, geochemistry, geochronology and associated Ni–Cu–PGE sulphide mineralisation for the dominant lithologies of the Riwaka Complex. This study reveals that the c. 364 Ma Riwaka Complex was likely emplaced within an extensional intra-arc along the paleo-Pacific subduction margin of east Gondwana. Initial primary melts were derived by partial melting of a metasomatised heterogeneous mantle source, and potentially a young oxidised mafic underplate. Primary melts were tholeiitic, S-undersaturated, and enriched in Ni, Cu and PGE. Crystal accumulation (olivine, clinopyroxene, amphibole), fractionation, and minor magma mixing and crustal contamination account for most of the chemical diversity within the Riwaka Complex, and were the processes responsible for inducing S-saturation of the melt. Sulphide mineralisation occurs as disseminated pyrrhotite–pyrite–chalcopyrite–pentlandite in hornblende-bearing clinopyroxenite and gabbro cumulate lithologies, and is restricted to the southern portion of the complex, interpreted to represent the deeper-level conduit system. The northern portion of the complex represents a more evolved higher-level magma chamber.
Psychometric properties for the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding: dichotomous versus polytomous conventional and IRT scoring.

[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 26(3) of Psychological Assessment (see record 2014-16017-001). The mean, standard deviation and alpha coefficient originally reported in Table 1 should be 74.317, 10.214 and . 802, respectively. The validity coefficients in the last column of Table 4 are affected as well. Correcting this error did not change the substantive interpretations of the results, but did increase the mean, standard deviation, alpha coefficient, and validity coefficients reported for the Honesty subscale in the text and in Tables 1 and 4. The corrected versions of Tables 1 and Table 4 are shown in the erratum. ] Item response theory (IRT) models were applied to dichotomous and polytomous scoring of the Self-Deceptive Enhancement and Impression Management subscales of the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (Paulhus, 1991, 1999). Two dichotomous scoring methods reflecting exaggerated endorsement and exaggerated denial of socially desirable behaviors were examined. The 1- and 2-parameter logistic models (1PLM, 2PLM, respectively) were applied to dichotomous responses, and the partial credit model (PCM) and graded response model (GRM) were applied to polytomous responses. For both subscales, the 2PLM fit dichotomous responses better than did the 1PLM, and the GRM fit polytomous responses better than did the PCM. Polytomous GRM and raw scores for both subscales yielded higher test-retest and convergent validity coefficients than did PCM, 1PLM, 2PLM, and dichotomous raw scores. Information plots showed that the GRM provided consistently high measurement precision that was superior to that of all other IRT models over the full range of both construct continuums. Dichotomous scores reflecting exaggerated endorsement of socially desirable behaviors provided noticeably weak precision at low levels of the construct continuums, calling into question the use of such scores for detecting instances of "faking bad. " Dichotomous models reflecting exaggerated denial of the same behaviors yielded much better precision at low levels of the constructs, but it was still less precision than that of the GRM. These results support polytomous over dichotomous scoring in general, alternative dichotomous scoring for detecting faking bad, and extension of GRM scoring to situations in which IRT offers additional practical advantages over classical test theory (adaptive testing, equating, linking, scaling, detecting differential item functioning, and so forth).
Cholesterol Down-Regulates BK Channels Stably Expressed in HEK 293 Cells

Cholesterol is one of the major lipid components of the plasma membrane in mammalian cells and is involved in the regulation of a number of ion channels. The present study investigates how large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are regulated by membrane cholesterol in BK-HEK 293 cells expressing both the α-subunit hKCa1.1 and the auxiliary β1-subunit or in hKCa1.1-HEK 293 cells expressing only the α-subunit hKCa1.1 using approaches of electrophysiology, molecular biology, and immunocytochemistry. Membrane cholesterol was depleted in these cells with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), and enriched with cholesterol-saturated MβCD (MβCD-cholesterol) or low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We found that BK current density was decreased by cholesterol enrichment in BK-HEK 293 cells, with a reduced expression of KCa1.1 protein, but not the β1-subunit protein. This effect was fully countered by the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin or the lysosome function inhibitor bafilomycin A1. Interestingly, in hKCa1.1-HEK 293 cells, the current density was not affected by cholesterol enrichment, but directly decreased by MβCD, suggesting that the down-regulation of BK channels by cholesterol depends on the auxiliary β1-subunit. The reduced KCa1.1 channel protein expression was also observed in cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells with cholesterol enrichment using MβCD-cholesterol or LDL. These results demonstrate the novel information that cholesterol down-regulates BK channels by reducing KCa1.1 protein expression via increasing the channel protein degradation, and the effect is dependent on the auxiliary β1-subunit.
Real-time rotational image registration

The majority of approaches for rotationally aligning panoramic images use feature-based methods which extract and match visual clues in both images and analytically determine their rotational offset. However, these methods can be computationally expensive and might suffer from motion blur or images taken in structureless environments (e.g. forests). An alternative approach is the visual compass, a method which simulates a wide range of possible rotational offsets and searches for the best match. While this approach has been successfully implemented for rotations around a single axis, the increasing computation time for 3D rotations limits the usability for real-time applications. It has been suggested to use real spherical harmonics (RSH) to represent panoramic images, to calculate rotations in frequency domain using sparse matrix-vector multiplications. In this paper, we present strategies which are crucial to implement a real-time visual 3D compass using RSH. We provide a software implementation of the visual 3D compass and analyze the effect of increasing rotational misalignment between pairs of panoramic images. Furthermore, we show that the visual 3D compass can be used on low-cost hardware in real-time.
NR2A at CA1 Synapses Is Obligatory for the Susceptibility of Hippocampal Plasticity to Sleep Loss

A loss in the necessary amount of sleep alters expression of genes and proteins implicated in brain plasticity, but key proteins that render neuronal circuits sensitive to sleep disturbance are unknown. We show that mild (4–6 h) sleep deprivation (SD) selectively augmented the number of NR2A subunits of NMDA receptors on postsynaptic densities of adult mouse CA1 synapses. The greater synaptic NR2A content facilitated induction of CA3-CA1 long-term depression in the theta frequency stimulation range and augmented the synaptic modification threshold. NR2A-knock-out mice maintained behavioral response to SD, including compensatory increase in post-deprivation resting time, but hippocampal synaptic plasticity was insensitive to sleep loss. After SD, the balance between synaptically activated and slowly recruited NMDA receptor pools during temporal summation was disrupted. Together, these results indicate that NR2A is obligatory for the consequences of sleep loss on hippocampal synaptic plasticity. These findings could advance pharmacological strategies aiming to sustain hippocampal function during sleep restriction.
Ordered Hill Climbing Search for Heuristic Planning

Planning as heuristic search has proven to be a powerful framework for domain-independent planning. Its effectiveness relies on the heuristic information provided by a state evaluator and the search algorithm used with this in order to solve the problem. This paper presents Ordered Hill Climbing (OHC) search algorithm, which is used as a basis of a heuristic planner in conjunction with FF’s relaxed planning graph heuristic. We present a novel way for extracting useful information to preorder neighborhoods of a search state before calling heuristic procedure to estimate them, by considering the high quality of the relaxed planning graph heuristic. In order to preserve completeness and improve search effort, a new restart strategy for complete search from local minimal is proposed when the local search guided by OHC fails. The ideas are implemented in our planner OHCP. Experiments in the STRIPS benchmark domains of International Planning Competitions (IPC) show that our algorithms can yield significant performance improvement as well as high quality solution plan. Keywords-AI planning; heuristic search; ordered hill climbing algorithm;
A Simplified Dual Neural Network for Quadratic Programming With Its KWTA Application

The design, analysis, and application of a new recurrent neural network for quadratic programming, called simplified dual neural network, are discussed. The analysis mainly concentrates on the convergence property and the computational complexity of the neural network. The simplified dual neural network is shown to be globally convergent to the exact optimal solution. The complexity of the neural network architecture is reduced with the number of neurons equal to the number of inequality constraints. Its application to k-winners-take-all (KWTA) operation is discussed to demonstrate how to solve problems with this neural network
Improved robust stability criteria for uncertain discrete-time Lur'e systems with interval time-delay

This paper is concerned with robust stability for uncertain discrete-time Lur'e systems with interval time-delay and sector bounded nonlinearity. By dividing the variation interval of the time delay into two subintervals and using a novel sum-inequality, some new delay-dependent robust stability criteria are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) without using the general free-weighting matrix method. The criteria are less conservative and more efficiently calculative in computing the maximum allowed delay bounds (MADBs). Finally, two standard numerical examples are presented the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
On multiscale moving contact line theory

In this paper, a multiscale moving contact line (MMCL) theory is presented and employed to simulate liquid droplet spreading and capillary motion. The proposed MMCL theory combines a coarse-grained adhesive contact model with a fluid interface membrane theory, so that it can couple molecular scale adhesive interaction and surface tension with hydrodynamics of microscale flow. By doing so, the intermolecular force, the van der Waals or double layer force, separates and levitates the liquid droplet from the supporting solid substrate, which avoids the shear stress singularity caused by the no-slip condition in conventional hydrodynamics theory of moving contact line. Thus, the MMCL allows the difference of the surface energies and surface stresses to drive droplet spreading naturally. To validate the proposed MMCL theory, we have employed it to simulate droplet spreading over various elastic substrates. The numerical simulation results obtained by using MMCL are in good agreement with the molecular dynamics results reported in the literature.
Quantitative real-time imaging of molecular dynamics during cancer cell invasion and metastasis in vivo

Despite our advanced understanding of primary cancer development and progression, metastasis and the systemic spread of the disease to secondary sites remains the leading cause of cancer-associated death. The metastatic process is therefore a major potential therapeutic target area for cancer researchers and elucidating the key steps that are susceptible to therapeutic intervention will be critical to improve our treatment strategies. Recent advances in intravital imaging are rapidly improving our insight into this process and are helping in the design of stage-specific drug regimes for the treatment of metastatic cancer. Here we discuss current developments in intravital imaging and our recent use of photobleaching and photoactivation in the analysis of dynamic biomarkers in living animals to assess the efficacy of therapeutic intervention on early stages of tumour cell metastasis.
Towards Minimal Recursion Semantics over Bulgarian Dependency Parsing

The paper discusses the transferring rules of the output from a dependency parser for Bulgarian into RMRS analyses. This task is required by the machine translation compatibility between Bulgarian and English resources. Since the Bulgarian HPSG grammar is still being developed, a repairing mechanism has been envisaged by parsing the Bulgarian data with the Malt Dependency Parser, and then retrieving RMRS analyses by exploring the linguistic knowledge within BulTreeBank-DP.
Cloning and overexpression in Escherichia coli of the genes encoding NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from two Sulfolobus species

The gene adh encoding a NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from the novel strain RC3 of Sulfolobus sp. was cloned and sequenced. Both the adh gene from Sulfolobus sp. strain RC3 and the alcohol dehydrogenase gene from Sulfolobus solfataricus (DSM 1617) were expressed at a high level in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant enzymes were purified, characterized, and compared. Only a few amino acid replacements were responsible for the different kinetic and physicochemical features investigated.
Cadherin-23, myosin VIIa and harmonin, encoded by Usher syndrome type I genes, form a ternary complex and interact with membrane phospholipids

Cadherin-23 is a component of early transient lateral links of the auditory sensory cells' hair bundle, the mechanoreceptive structure to sound. This protein also makes up the upper part of the tip links that control gating of the mechanoelectrical transduction channels. We addressed the issue of the molecular complex that anchors these links to the hair bundle F-actin core. By using surface plasmon resonance assays, we show that the cytoplasmic regions of the two cadherin-23 isoforms that do or do not contain the exon68-encoded peptide directly interact with harmonin, a submembrane PDZ (post-synaptic density, disc large, zonula occludens) domain-containing protein, with unusually high affinity. This interaction involves the harmonin Nter-PDZ1 supramodule, but not the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif of cadherin-23. We establish that cadherin-23 directly binds to the tail of myosin VIIa. Moreover, cadherin-23, harmonin and myosin VIIa can form a ternary complex, which suggests that myosin VIIa applies tension forces on hair bundle links. We also show that the cadherin-23 cytoplasmic region, harmonin and myosin VIIa interact with phospholipids on synthetic liposomes. Harmonin and the cytoplasmic region of cadherin-23, both independently and as a binary complex, can bind specifically to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), which may account for the role of this phospholipid in the adaptation of mechanoelectrical transduction in the hair bundle. The distributions of cadherin-23, harmonin, myosin VIIa and PI(4,5)P2 in the growing and mature auditory hair bundles as well as the abnormal locations of harmonin and myosin VIIa in cadherin-23 null mutant mice strongly support the functional relevance of these interactions.
Structural Properties of Chemically Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Thin Films

Buckypapers are thin sheets of randomly entangled carbon nanotubes, which are highly porous networks. They are strong candidates for a number of applications, such as reinforcing materials for composites. In this work, buckypapers were produced from multiwall carbon nanotubes, pre-treated by two different chemical processes, either an oxidation or an epoxidation reaction. Properties, such as porosity, the mechanical and electrical response are investigated. It was found that the chemical pretreatment of carbon nanotubes strongly affects the structural properties of the buckypapers and, consecutively, their mechanical and electrical performance.
Hypoxia impacts large adults first: consequences in a warming world

Future oceans are predicted to contain less oxygen than at present. This is because oxygen is less soluble in warmer water and predicted stratification will reduce mixing. Hypoxia in marine environments is thus likely to become more widespread in marine environments and understanding species‐responses is important to predicting future impacts on biodiversity. This study used a tractable model, the Antarctic clam, Laternula elliptica, which can live for 36 years, and has a well‐characterized ecology and physiology to understand responses to hypoxia and how the effect varied with age. Younger animals had a higher condition index, higher adenylate energy charge and transcriptional profiling indicated that they were physically active in their response to hypoxia, whereas older animals were more sedentary, with higher levels of oxidative damage and apoptosis in the gills. These effects could be attributed, in part, to age‐related tissue scaling; older animals had proportionally less contractile muscle mass and smaller gills and foot compared with younger animals, with consequential effects on the whole‐animal physiological response. The data here emphasize the importance of including age effects, as large mature individuals appear to be less able to resist hypoxic conditions and this is the size range that is the major contributor to future generations. Thus, the increased prevalence of hypoxia in future oceans may have marked effects on benthic organisms' abilities to persist and this is especially so for long‐lived species when predicting responses to environmental perturbation.
Hadroproduction of D and B mesons in a massive VFNS

We present a calculation of the next-to-leading order cross section for the inclusive hadroproduction of D and B mesons as a function of the transverse momentum and the rapidity in a massive variable flavor number scheme. We compare our numerical results with recent data from the CDF Collaboration at the Fermilab Tevatron for the production of D0, D*+, D+, and D{sub s}{sup +} mesons at center-of-mass energy {radical}(S) = 1.96 TeV and find reasonably good agreement with the measured cross sections.
Learning joint representation for community question answering with tri-modal DBM

One of the main research tasks in Community question answering (CQA) is to find most relevant questions for a given new query, thereby providing useful knowledge for the users. Traditionally used methods such as bag-of-words or latent semantic models consider queries, questions and answers in a same feature space. However, the correlations among queries, questions and answers imply that they lie in different feature spaces. In light of these issues, we proposed a tri-modal deep boltzmann machine (tri-DBM) to extract unified representation for query, question and answer. Experiments on Yahoo! Answers dataset reveal using these unified representation to train a classifier judging semantic matching level between query and question outperforms models using bag-of-words or LSA representation significantly.
CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein α Is a Crucial Regulator of Human Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene Transcription and Expression

Several susceptibility loci have been reported associated with obesity and T2DM in GWAS. Fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) is the first gene associated with body mass index (BMI) and risk for diabetes in diverse patient populations. FTO is highly expressed in the brain and pancreas, and is involved in regulating dietary intake and energy expenditure. While much is known about the epigenetic mutations contributing to obesity and T2DM, less is certain with the expression regulation of FTO gene. In this study, a highly conserved canonical C/EBPα binding site was located around position −45~−54 bp relative to the human FTO gene transcriptional start site. Site-directed mutagenesis of the putative C/EBPα binding sites decreased FTO promoter activity. Overexpression and RNAi studies also indicated that C/EBPα was required for the expression of FTO. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiment was carried out and the result shows direct binding of C/EBPα to the putative binding regions in the FTO promoter. Collectively, our data suggest that C/EBPα may act as a positive regulator binding to FTO promoter and consequently, activates the gene transcription.
MORPh: Mobile OLED-friendly recording and playback system for low power video streaming

Even with the adoption of the latest OLED technology, the display panel remains one of the most power-hungry components in smart-phones. Existing attempts for OLED power optimization have mainly focused on modifying the content that is shown on the display during the playback phase, requiring significant overhead in terms of image analysis and modification. While such methods are effective, they overlook opportunities present during the camera recording phase, where utilization of already determined camera parameters could reduce or eliminate the image processing overhead. Hence, we proposed MORPh, a cross-layer optimization system for OLED. We first analyze three fundamental parameters extracted from the smartphone camera and their impact on OLED power consumption and visual quality. We then define corresponding metrics to assess power optimization potentials, and propose a set of algorithms that optimize camera recording to be more OLED friendly. Finally, the proposed schemes are realized as part of a video recording and playback application on an existing Android smartphone. The experiments results indicate power saving of 7.3%~39.7%, and 20.3% on average while maintaining perceived visual quality.
Optimizing matrix multiply using PHiPAC: a portable, high-performance, ANSI C coding methodology

BLAS3 operations have great potential for aggressive optimization. Unfortunately, they usually need to be hand-coded for a speci(cid:12)c machine and compiler to achieve near-peak performance. We have developed a methodology whereby near-peak performance on a wide range of systems can be achieved automatically for such routines. First, by analyzing current machines and C compilers, we’ve developed guidelines for writing Portable, High-Performance, ANSI C (PHiPAC, pronounced \fee-pack"). Second, rather than code by hand, we produce parameterized code generators. Third, we write search scripts that (cid:12)nd the best parameters for a given system. We report on a BLAS GEMM compatible multi-level cache-blocked matrix multiply generator that produces code achieving performance in excess of 90% of peak on the Sparcstation-20/61, IBM RS/6000-590, HP 712/80i, and 80% of peak on the SGI Indigo R4k. On the IBM, HP, and SGI, the resulting routine is often faster than the vendor-supplied BLAS GEMM.