Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Agro-morphological Characterization of Bangladeshi Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm Based on Qualitative Traits

The agro-morphological characterization of germplasm is of utmost importance to generate information to be utilized in plant breeding programmes. The aim of this study was to characterize the agro-morphological traits of 113 accessions of aromatic germplasm (Oryza sativa L.) based on qualitative agro-morphological descriptors. No duplicates were identified among the studied accessions for qualitative traits in the cluster analysis, which means there is a high diversity among the accessions for these traits. Following UPGMA cluster analysis, 113 accessions of aromatic germplasm formed ten distinct clusters. The highest numbers of germplasm (96) were found in cluster IXd, 2 were found in cluster III, IV and VI, 3 were found in IXc and the lowest number of germplasm (1) in cluster I, II,V, VII, VIII, IXa, IXb and X, respectively. Aroma evaluation revealed that 67 germplasm were scented, 34 were lightly scented, while the rest 12 germplasm were nonscented. Germplasm namely Begun bichi, Elai, Chinigura, Basmati 370, Ranisalut, Sakkorkhora, Jirakatari, Raduni Pagal, Kalijira (long grain), Black TAPL-554, Kalgochi, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan50, Badshabhog-2, Tulsimala-2, Kataribhog, BU dhan2R , Sakkorkhana, Maloti, Bashful could be used for further improvement for incorporating aroma to the high yielding varieties. Bangladesh Rice j. 2018, 22(2): 41-54
VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS EM SOLO SUBMETIDO À DIFERENTES TIPOS DE USO E MANEJO

A caracterizacao da variabilidade dos atributos do solo e necessaria para que se possam interpretar as possiveis causas de variacoes nas produtividades das culturas, ja que o solo apresenta, naturalmente, heterogeneidade de seus atributos. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a variabilidade e a dependencia espacial, atraves da ferramenta GS+, dos atributos fisicos de um Neossolo Fluvido submetido a dois sistemas de manejo de solo: Gradagem (area 1) e rocadora nas entrelinhas (area 2). A area manejada com gradagem ha mais de 10 anos possui 0,5 ha e a area rocada nas entrelinhas ha 13 anos possui 2,3 ha, ambas localizadas no plano sistematizado da Fazenda Experimental do Vale do Curu em Pentecoste. Foram retiradas amostras de solo deformadas e indeformadas nas duas areas na camada de 0,00-0,15 m, obedecendo ao espacamento de 15 x 15 m, 21 na area com gradagem e 78 na area com rocadora nas entrelinhas. A densidade do solo foi o unico atributo que apresentou efeito pepita puro, nao havendo estrutura de dependencia espacial na area com manejo com gradagem. Os demais atributos (areia, argila, silte, micro e macroporosidade, umidade gravimetrica do solo e resistencia mecânica do solo a penetracao) apresentaram dependencia espacial de media a alta nos dois tipos de manejo do solo. Observou-se que na area preparada/manejada com rocadora nas entrelinhas valores baixos de macroporosidade e altos de resistencia a penetracao, condicao de restricao para o crescimento das raizes.
Influence of within-season densities of heliothines and tarnished plant bugs on variability in end-of-season cotton yield mapping.

Nineteen different experiments were compiled to examine temporal trends in fruit retention among various insect related treatments based on end-of-season yield mapping of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. , plants. Fourteen of these data sets were used to examine the effect of varying densities of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.) (heliothines) and tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), on survival and seed cotton weight of particular fruit cohorts at harvest. Regression equations using only sample dates where insects were present described endof-season fruit loss better than equations using all insect sample dates. More fruit loss occurred when populations of heliothines were observed on cotton varieties not expressing an insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) than Bt varieties. Populations of heliothines observed on non-Bt cotton at six different stages of plant development (based on total mainstem nodes) were related to decreased survival of fruit within some fruiting cohorts. Heliothine eggs and larvae on Bt cotton were related to reduced fruit survival when infestations were present on plants with four and three different total mainstem nodes, respectively. Based on these regression analyses, most damage caused by observed populations of heliothine larvae and plant bugs occurred to cotton squares ranging from 3 to 15 d old at the time of infestation. Collectively, these data indicate that important insect injury can be followed through the growing season and recorded on end-of-season yield maps. The dynamic nature of the impact and the probable role of plant compensation further support continued development of dynamic insect thresholds.
A test of the differential-plasticity hypothesis for variation in the degree of sexual dimorphism in Silene latifolia

Questions: Is there variation in the degree of sexual dimorphism among populations? Do males exhibit more (or less) plasticity than females? Hypothesis: Among-population variation in the degree of sexual dimorphism is caused by sex-differential plasticity. Organism: Silene latifolia, a dioecious plant that exhibits sexual dimorphism in many traits. Methods: We grew individuals from three populations in a common greenhouse environment under two different (dry vs. wet) watering regimes. We measured ten traits at specific developmental points. Results: Most traits showed significant among-population differentiation in their means and significant sexual dimorphism; however, population differentiation in the degree of sexual dimorphism was only observed for calyx width. Furthermore, differences between the sexes in their plastic responses were not observed for any trait. Hence, sex-differential plasticity to water is not the cause of differences among populations in the degree of sexual dimorphism in calyx width. Males varied less for this trait than females, suggesting that calyx width (or a trait correlated with calyx width) affects male fitness more than female fitness.
Dental pulp stem cells and regeneration

Dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSCs) are considered to be of great promise for use in tissue repair and regenerative medicine. DPSCs can easily be collected from discarded teeth with little ethical concerns and harvested in a minimally invasive and safe manner. However, unfractionated clonogenic DPSCs are heterogenous and have variations in their phenotype. In this review paper, we summarize further isolation methods of DPSC subpopulations including immunoselection methods and a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) gradient mobilization method for therapeutic clinical applications. The fractionated DPSC subpopulations exhibit stem cell properties in vitro: (i) high expression of pluripotency markers, Oct3/4, Nanog, and Sox2; (ii) high stability in long-term expansion; (iii) multi-lineage differentiation capacity; (iv) high migratory activity; and (v) high expression of trophic factors to enhance proliferation, migration, and anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory effects as well as angiogenesis and neurite extension. DPSC subpopulations have higher angiogenic, neurogenic, and regenerative potential compared with bone marrow stem cells and adipose stem cells, presenting an alternate versatile stem cell source for cellular therapies. Preclinical efficacy of DPSC subpopulations has also been investigated in various tissue/organ disease models including pulpitis, and currently a few clinical trials are underway to determine their safety and efficacy. Therefore, the major aim of this review is to highlight the recent progress in DPSC biology, trends in preclinical regenerative studies, and future perspectives.
Pattern and process in southern Iberian land mollusc diversity

Locations in southern Iberia were sampled to assess patterns in the distributions and diversities of land molluscs and to determine the effects of habitat structure on diversity at differing scales. In Part One of the study 91 sites, each 1km , were sampled. Species with higher abundances were present at more sites than those with lower abundances. Low levels of similarity were found between the land mollusc communities. The monthly mean of sunshine hours per day during the wet period and the annual mean absolute humidity provided the best explanation of the species data. The results suggest that the heterogeneous habitats from the region allow a large number of mollusc species to co-exist in varied communities possibly controlled by historical and regional factors including climate and geology. In Part Two of the study 60 sites, each 1600m2, were sampled. Twenty sites were located in each of three habitat types (sand, steppe and garigue), and for each habitat type ten sites were sampled in both the wet period and dry period. Diversities and habitat structure were assessed at 1m , 5m and 20m . There were differences in the number of species, abundances and diversities between habitats, and between the wet and dry periods at each habitat. Increasing heterogeneity and complexity increased the number of species, but not their abundances. Components of habitat structure affected the number of species and abundances independently of the total complexity. Relationships between heterogeneity, complexity, number of species and species diversity were scale-dependent with most of the statistically significant relationships between these occurring at lm2. Increases in abundances and number of species with increasing area support the passive sampling model and the area per se hypothesis.
Recherches des senseurs calciques de la sécrétion d'insuline dans les cellules β-pancréatiques : étude des synaptotagmines

Les synaptotagmines (Syt) sont des proteines comportant deux domaines C2 capables de lier les phospholipides et les proteines de la machinerie de fusion membranaire de facon dependante du calcium. Plusieurs de ces proteines regulent l’exocytose des vesicules de secretion dans les cellules secretoires. Dans les cellules -pancreatiques, les Syts impliquees dans la liberation d’insuline ne sont pas connues. Trois isoformes pourraient tenir cette fonction, Syt7, Syt8 et Syt9. Nous avons determine la localisation sub-cellulaire de l’isoforme Syt7 au niveau des endosomes/lysosomes et de Syt8 au niveau de l’appareil de Golgi dans les cellules endocrines, neuroendocrines et les neurones. Ces deux proteines ne semblent donc pas intervenir dans l’exocytose de l’insuline. Par contre, la proteine Syt9 est localisee sur les granules de secretion dans les cellules  et est impliquee dans l’exocytose Ca2+-dependante d’un pool de vesicules. Cependant, Syt9 se comporte differemment des Syt classiques (Syt1/2). Nous avons donc caracterise la dependance calcique des liaisons aux membranes in vitro et in vivo des domaines C2 de Syt9 pour determiner son implication dans la secretion d’insuline. Nous avons ainsi montre que le domaine C2B ne se liait pas aux phospholipides membranaires. Par mutagenese dirigee, nous avons aussi demontre la necessite du domaine C2A dans la liaison a la membrane plasmique et le role du domaine C2B dans la localisation de Syt9 au niveau des endosomes. De plus, nous avons montre que l’inhibition de l’expression de Syt9 affecte le trafic vesiculaire. Ces resultats suggerent que Syt9 intervient lors des phases precoces de l’exocytose et lors du recyclage.
Possible Patterns of Differentiation in the Primitive Ectoderm of C3H/HeNBALB/cA Chimeric Blastocysts: An Inference from Quantitative Analysis of Coat‐Color Patterns

Coat‐color patterns of 20 C3H/HeN++BALB/cA chimeras produced by using the same colony of mice in a series of experiments, were quantitatively analyzed, by means of a video‐image analysis system developed by Tachi (1988, 1989). In those chimeras, proportion of the two allogeneic components, i.e., C3H/HeN and BALB/cA, was relatively well balanced between the right and the left halves of the pelts, whereas between the anterior and the posterior regions it was unbalanced in favor of BALB/cA components in the anterior region. To interpret the results, a computerized geometrical model intended to simulate the hypothetical conditions of chimeric germ layers during early embryogenesis, was constructed. From the model, it was proposed that the seemingly high selection pressure for the BALB/cA components in the anterior region of this particular group of chimeras, might have been caused because the initial steps of the determination of the cranio‐caudal axis took place in the regions of the primary ectoderm where BALB/cA, rather than C3H/HeN blastomeres were predominant. Possible variations in the alleles of the genes regulating the germ layer differentiation, might conceivably be the cause for the observed tendencies.
The effect of dietary supplementation with zooplankton orfish protein hydrolysate on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)production traits and physiology

This thesis examined the effects of partial dietary supplementation with wild- zooplankton or fish protein hydrolysate on cod production traits, and how they related to the cod’s physiology and the expression of growth and appetite regulating genes. Atlantic cod larvae were fed three different diets: enriched rotifers / Artemia (RA); RA + fish protein hydrolysate (RA-PH); and RA supplemented with 5-10% wild zooplankton (RA-Zoo). Partial supplementation with zooplankton significantly improved the dry weight at 60 dph (by approximately 4-fold), specific growth rate (by 2.5% day-1) and the general development of cod larvae. In contrast, the protein hydrolysate enrichment did not improve growth, had a negative effect on survival, and increased the incidence of external deformities in 18 month post-hatch juveniles. Although the zooplankton fed cod were still larger at approximately 1.5 years of age, the growth advantage of this group decreased with age (the difference in wet mass decreasing from approx. 30% at 0.5 years old to 11% at 1.5 years old). Metabolic parameters, and pre- and post-stress cortisol levels, were similar in juvenile cod from the RA and RA-Zoo groups. Finally, the growth enhancement observed in the zooplankton fed larvae was not related to alterations in the mRNA expression of the main growth regulating genes [Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1); IGF-2; Growth Hormone (GH); GH Receptor-1 (GHR-1); GHR-2; and myostatin] or appetite regulating hormones [(Cocaine and Amphetamine Regulated Transcript (CART) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY)]. This latter finding suggests that the transcript levels of these hormones and hormone receptors are not a valuable biomarker for growth in cod larvae.
Assortative mating among Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) hybrids as a possible route to radiation of the fraterculus cryptic species complex

Reproductive isolation among populations of Anastrepha fraterculus has been found acting at the pre- and post-zygotic levels. Differences in timing of sexual activity and male sexual pheromone composition among populations could partially account for prezygotic isolation. Hybrid males were found to produce a novel pheromone, which is a mix of parental pheromones. In the present study, we found that the hybrid females showed a significant preference to mate with hybrid males than with parental males. Male location during pheromone emission is associated with its reproductive success and, thus, differences in the location of males during courtship could also play a role in isolation. We found evidence that reproductive isolation is also related to the location of males during courtship. Hybrid male behaviour regarding location during pheromone release was found to be influenced by the maternal lineage. If these populations hybridized in the field, the hybrid females would tend to mate with hybrid males probably leading to the formation of a new entity within the A. fraterculus complex. This simple and fast process could be one reason explaining the high number of taxonomic entities within this complex. Further studies on other members of the fraterculus species group may reveal whether this can be considered as an example of homoploid hybrid speciation. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 102, 346–354.
An ultrastructural study of the Hepatopancreas of Indian white prawn Penaeus indicus H. Milne Edwards

Electron microscopic studies of the hepatopancrcatic tubule revealed four distinct cell type . The Embryonic cells were undifferentiated with a large nucleus and cytoplasm surrounding it. Golgi complex and free ribosomes wcre abundant. Fibrillar (F-cells) contained extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum with ribosome - studded cisternae. The golgi cisternae were always dilated with numerous zymogen grnnules. Secretory (B-cel1s) showed many vesicles and a large vacuole
Correlation and path analysis in brinjal

The correlation studies revealed that fruit yield per plant was positively correlated with number of fruits per plant, length and weight of fruit, while keeping quality index showed significant negative association with fruit yield, weight, length and girth of fruit. The path analysis suggested that days to flower had maximum direct and indirect effect on fruit yield. However, the indirect contribution of number of fruits per plant, length, weight and girth of fruit were appreciable to effect fruit yield in brinjal.
The Role of Blockholders on Dividends Policy Of Indonesian Public Listed Companies

Blockholders as the majority shareholders of the company are indicated to have the power to determine company policies, including dividends policies. The aim of this research is to investigate the role of blockholders on the dividend policy of Indonesian public companies. The analysis was carried out using 2016-2017 financial report from 213 Indonesian public companies. A linear regression conducted to test the relationship between blockholders on dividend payout ratio, and to determine the moderating role of multiple blockholders. The finding of the study reveal that ownership concentration by blockholders proved to have negative significant influence on the decision the portion of profit distributed on dividends (dividends payout ratio). The moderation model testing result that existence of multiple blockholders is not moderate the relationship of ownership concentration by blockholders and dividend policies. Keywords: blockholders, multiple blockholders, dividend policies.
Broad‐scale environmental response and niche conservatism in lacustrine diatom communities

Aim (1) To resolve theoretical debates regarding the role of environment versus dispersal limitation, the conservatism of niches across distances and the prevalence of environmental specialists in diatom communities. (2) To provide guidance on the use of diatom communities and other microbial analogues to analyse ecological response to environmental change. Location Eight hundred and ninety-one lakes in five regional datasets from north-western Europe and four regional datasets from north-eastern North America. Methods Lacustrine diatom communities were analysed at three scales: inter-continental, intra-continental and regional. Nested partial redundancy analyses (RDAs) were used to determine spatial versus environmental components of community variation. Weighted-averaging (WA) regression and calibration, as well as logistic and quadratic regressions, were used to detect niche conservatism and the prevalence of environmental specialists. Results Community patterns indicate that dispersal limitation acts predominantly at the inter-continental scale, while at the regional (less than c. 1,000,000 km2) scale, a single environmental variable (pH) explains more than five times the community variation as spatial (dispersal-related) variables. In addition, pH niche components appear to be conserved at the inter-continental scale, and environmental specialization does not impose relative rarity, as specialists apparently readily disperse to suitable environments. Main conclusions Analysis at multiple scales is clearly important in determining the influences of community variation. For diatom communities, dispersal limitation acts most strongly at the broadest scales, giving way to environment at the scales considered by most analyses. The availability of a wide variety of propagules with consistent niches across regions indicates that diatom communities reflect the succession of taxa according to local environmental conditions, rather than disequilibrium with the environment or adaptation of local populations. While multi-scale analyses must be undertaken for other groups to resolve debates over community drivers and determine appropriate scales for prediction, for diatoms (and probably other microbial communities), responses to environmental change can be inferred using analogue datasets from large geographic areas.
Trans-Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Into Cholinergic-Like Neurons Via Nerve Growth Factor

Introduction: Cell therapy has been widely considered as a therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases and nervous system damage. Cholinergic neurons as one of the most important neurons that play a significant role in controlling emotions, mobility, and autonomic systems. In this study, Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) were differentiated into the cholinergic neurons by β-mercaptoethanol in the preinduction phase and also by the nerve growth factor (NGF) in the induction phase. Methods: The hDPSCs were evaluated for CD73, CD31, CD34, and Oct-4. Concentration-time relationships for NGF were assessed by evaluating the viability rate of cells and the immune response to nestin, neurofilament 160, microtubule-associated protein-2, and choline acetyltransferase. Results: The hDPSCs had a negative response to CD34 and CD31. The optimal dose for the NGF was 50 ng/mL seven days after the induction when the highest percentage of expressing markers for the Cholinergic neurons (ChAT) was detected. Conclusion: The results of this study provided a method for producing cholinergic neurons by hDPSCs, which can be used in cytotherapy for degenerative diseases of the nervous system and also spinal cord injury.
Annotations on marine and freshwater leeches (Annelida, Clitellata, Hirudinea) from North Africa

The purpose of this study is to provide information on the leech fauna of North Africa. This overview is based primarily on collected material, data from the literature and material in museum collections. A total of 37 species belonging to 6 families and 19 genera are presently known. Among these species, eight represent new records for North African countries. This report includes the first records for Tunisia of one freshwater leech, Helobdella stagnalis (Linneaus, 1758), and one marine leech, Trachelobdella lubrica (Grube, 1840). Four taxa are reported as new for Algeria: two marine species (Pontobdella muricata Linnaeus, 1758 and Branchellion torpedinis Savigny, 1822) and two freshwater subspecies (Dina punctata punctata Johansson, 1927 and Dina punctata maroccana Nesemann & Neubert, 1994). Pontobdella muricata is reported for the first time from Morocco and Alboglossiphonia iberica Jueg, 2008, previously known only from the Iberian Peninsula, is now reported from Morocco.