Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stigma Awareness as a Predictor for Mental Help-Seeking Intention: The Mediating Role of Stigma Endorsement Among Malaysian Undergraduates

It is imperative that individuals who experience mental health issues to get help as early as possible so that they are equipped with skills and resources to overcome the problems. However, the presence of public stigma towards people with mental health issues may hinder them from getting the much-needed intervention. Indeed, many past studies have demonstrated that public stigma acted as one of the barriers for help seeking among those with mental health issues. Hence, T this study aims to explore: (a) the influence of public stigma awareness on help-seeking intention; (b) the role of public stigma endorsement as a mediator between public stigma awareness and help-seeking intention; (c) the difference in stigma awareness, stigma endorsement; and (d) help-seeking intention between gender and between public and private university students. A total of 398 Malaysian undergraduates were recruited for this cross sectional study. Public stigma awareness was measured using Stigma Scale for Receiving Psychological Help, while public stigma endorsement was measured using Attribution Questionnaire. Help-seeking intention was measured using Mental Help Seeking Intention Scale. Results of the study that employed Pearson correlation analyses indicated a significant negative correlation between public stigma awareness and help-seeking intention, as well as between public stigma endorsement and help-seeking intention. Regression linear analysis revealed that public stigma awareness is a significant predictor for help-seeking intention. No significant differences were noted with regard to gender and types of university students. Sobel test showed that public stigma endorsement acts as a significant mediator in the influence of public stigma awareness on help-seeking intention. These findings can be applied in developing strategies to increase mental health services utilization among students, where emphasis should be placed on reducing public stigma endorsement. Further research is needed to investigate the role of public stigma awareness and public stigma endorsement on mental help-seeking behavior.
Rhone Deep-Sea Fan: Morphostructure and Growth Pattern

A detailed bathymetric survey of the Rhone deep-sea fan and its feeder canyon using Sea-Beam, reveals morphologic features such as very tight meanders of the canyon and channel courses, cutoff meanders, and downslope narrowing of the inner channel floor. Striking similarities exist between these deep-sea features and some continental landforms, especially in alluvial plain areas or desert environments. Sea-Beam also reveals evidence of huge slump scars affecting the slope and fan. The superficial structure of the Rhone Fan results from the stacking of numerous lenticular acoustic units displaying specific seismic characters in which we recognized channel and levee facies. Except in the upper fan area, these units have not been constant; they have generally migrated, owing to shifting of the channel throughout fan evolution. Construction of the fan probably began as early as the early Pliocene and continued to the close of the Wurmian (late Wisconsinian). In our opinion, the fan's growth pattern could be associated with climatic fluctuations. The principal sedimentary mechanism responsible for the growth of the fan appears to be turbidity currents, but mass gravity flows have also been an important factor in building the fan by occasionally blocking the main channel and forcing it to migrate.
The Role of Small to Moderate Volcanic Eruptions in the Early 19th Century Climate

Small‐to‐moderate volcanic eruptions can lead to significant surface cooling when they occur clustered, as observed in recent decades. In this study, based on new high‐resolution ice‐core data from Greenland, we produce a new volcanic forcing data set that includes several small‐to‐moderate eruptions not included in prior reconstructions and investigate their climate impacts of the early 19th century through ensemble simulations with the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model. We find that clustered small‐to‐moderate eruptions produce significant additional global surface cooling (∼0.07 K) during the period 1812–1820, superposing with the cooling by large eruptions in 1809 (unidentified location) and 1815 (Tambora). This additional cooling helps explain the reconstructed long‐lasting cooling after the large eruptions, but simulated regional impacts cannot be confirmed with reconstructions due to a low signal‐to‐noise ratio. This study highlights the importance of small‐to‐moderate eruptions for climate simulations as their impacts can be comparable with that of solar irradiance changes.
Parenting Factors and Emotion Regulation among Asian Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Parenting is a culturally specific task which is believed to influence the development of adolescents’ emotion regulation. The present study aims to explore the parenting factors that are associated with emotion regulation among Asian adolescents. Employing the PRISMA guideline, this study conducted systematic research from Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases, covering articles that report on parenting factors associated with emotion regulation among Asian adolescents. Using the AXIS tool to appraise the quality of the articles, a total of 29 articles were selected. The thematic synthesis found that there are three major themes of parenting factors that influence Asian adolescents’ emotion regulation, which are observational learning, parenting practices, and the emotional climate of the family. Specifically, parents’ reaction, attachment, and parent -adolescent relationship were associated with both emotion regulation as well as emotion dysregulation. Positive parenting was observed to be associated with emotion regulation only, but negative parenting was related to emotion dysregulation. Studies found that attachment and parent-adolescent relationship were unrelated to expressive suppression. Future studies need to examine the effects of observational learning, parental control, and parenting styles on adolescent’s emotion regulation due to limited and inconsistent findings. This study will enlighten researchers on parenting factors that directly and indirectly shape the ways Asian adolescents regulate their emotions.
Diabetes Mellitus and HIV Infection among Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in the North West Region of Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective To determine the prevalence rate of HIV and diabetes among tuberculosis (TB) patients and also the comorbidity rate. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting. This study was carried out at the Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Regional Hospital Bamenda, North West Region of Cameroon, from January 2017 to December 2019. Participants. 1115 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis aged ≥14 years (mean 42.5 ± 15.28 years). Methods Sputum samples collected were acid-fast stained and examined macroscopically as well as inoculated for culture. A chest X-ray was performed for further confirmation of TB diagnosis. After the TB diagnosis was done, fasting blood glucose, 2 h-PG test, HbA1c, and biochemical enzymatic tests were performed for the diagnosis of diabetes. Rapid strip test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to diagnose HIV infection. Interventions. No intervention was done during the period of study. Outcome Measures. The prevalence of TB/HIV and TB/HIV/DM, signs and symptoms, imaging results, and bacteriology status among TB/HIV, TB/HIV/DM coinfected, and comorbidity cases. Results Of 1115 participants, 38.57% had TB/HIV, and 5.83% had TB/HIV/DM. Among TB/HIV/DM cases, 20.39% had a cough for more than 2 weeks [p < 0.0001; OR (95%CI): 4.866 (3.170–7.404)], and 35.71% had a fever for at least 2 weeks [p < 0.0001; OR (95%CI): 7.824 (5.336–11.36)]. The majority of TB/HIV/DM patients (77.42%) had chest pain for at least 2 weeks [p < 0.0001; OR (95%CI): 114.3 (59.78–207.1)]. 7.41%, 14.18%, and 9.09% of TB/HIV/DM, respectively, had chest abnormality, positive smear, and positive culture (p = 0.018). Significant differences were observed between signs and symptoms, imaging results, bacteriology, treatment history for TB cases and those with HIV and/or DM, and those without HIV and/or DM coinfection and comorbidity. Conclusion This study reports a high prevalence of DM comorbidity and HIV coinfection among active TB patients in the North West Region of Cameroon as well as TB/HIV/DM comorbidity.
Uncovering the Neural Correlates of Anhedonia Subtypes in Major Depressive Disorder: Implications for Intervention Strategies

Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a serious public health concern, negatively affecting individuals’ quality of life and making a substantial contribution to the global burden of disease. Anhedonia is a core symptom of MDD and is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Variability in anhedonia components within MDD has been observed, suggesting heterogeneity in psychopathology across subgroups. However, little is known about anhedonia subgroups in MDD and their underlying neural correlates across subgroups. To address this question, we employed a hierarchical cluster analysis based on Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale subscales in 60 first-episode, drug-naive MDD patients and 32 healthy controls. Then we conducted a connectome-wide association study and whole-brain voxel-wise functional analyses for identified subgroups. There were three main findings: (1) three subgroups with different anhedonia profiles were identified using a data mining approach; (2) several parts of the reward network (especially pallidum and dorsal striatum) were associated with anticipatory and consummatory pleasure; (3) different patterns of within- and between-network connectivity contributed to the disparities of anhedonia profiles across three MDD subgroups. Here, we show that anhedonia in MDD is not uniform and can be categorized into distinct subgroups, and our research contributes to the understanding of neural underpinnings, offering potential treatment directions. This work emphasizes the need for tailored approaches in the complex landscape of MDD. The identification of homogeneous, stable, and neurobiologically valid MDD subtypes could significantly enhance our comprehension and management of this multifaceted condition.
Factors associated with the evolution of COVID-19 in pregnant women: a Brazilian population-based study

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the evolution of COVID-19 among Brazilian pregnant women, identifying sociodemographic and clinical predictors related to admission to ICU - Intensive Care Unit and death. Method: Cross-sectional, population-based study, carried out with a secondary database, based on data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by multiple linear regression with Poisson response, adopting critical p < 0.05. Results: Intensive care admission rates of 28.2% and death rates of 9.5% were identified. Region of residence, gestational trimester, number of comorbidities and respiratory signs and symptoms were associated with the risk of admission to intensive care. Age over 34 years, comorbidities, oxygen saturation equal to or less than 95%, admission to intensive care and ventilatory support, invasive or not, increased the risk of death. Conclusion: Sociodemographic and clinical predictors showed an association with hospitalization in intensive care and death of pregnant women with COVID-19.
Crisphead lettuce under influence of soil conditioner, organic fertilizers and liming

Lettuce is considered the main leafy vegetable crop in Brazil. High amounts of mineral and organic fertilizers are applied to soils during lettuce growth. There is a need of data concerning the effect of organic fertilizers and liming, including soil conditioners. Few studies were carried out verifying effects of soil conditioners, organic fertilizers and liming on lettuce production. The aim of this work was to test a soil conditioner composed of humic material, organic fertilizers and liming on “iceberg” lettuce production. The experiment was conducted at Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from March to July, in greenhouse conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme 5x3x2. Five doses of soil conditioner (0, 20, 40, 100, 200 L ha-1), 3 types of fertilizers (organic compost, chicken manure and mineral), with or without liming were studied. Fresh and dried biomass, commercial fresh and dried biomass, plants height, circumference of lettuce head, number of leaves, and dried root weight yield were evaluated. Chicken manure rendered the higher lettuce shoot commercial fresh weight and circumference than the other evaluated fertilizers. In general the soil conditioner did not influence lettuce production. The use of liming was very important on lettuce production when mineral fertilizers were used.
Prevalence of Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Among Saudi Patients With Diabetes in Al Ahsa: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and aim Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common long-term complications of diabetes. A frequent presentation of neuropathy is painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN), which is associated with morbidity and disability among patients with diabetes. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of PDPN and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending primary healthcare (PHC) in Al Ahsa. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with diabetes at National Guard PHC clinics in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to collect information about clinicodemographic characteristics, and the Douleur Neuropathique-4 (DN4) questionnaire was used to identify the presence of PDPN. Results A total of 342 patients with T2DM were included. The prevalence of PDPN was 29.8%. Patients' ages ranged from 25-70 years, with a mean age of 48.5 ± 12.3 years. The majority were female (118, 52.6%), with obesity detected among 115 (33.6%) individuals. Significant predictors of PDPN included noncompliance to treatment (odds ratio [OR] = 5.9, P = 0.001), female gender (OR = 3.5, P = 0.001), presence of other comorbidities (OR = 1.7, P = 0.001), and diabetes duration exceeding 15 years (OR = 1.5, P = 0.001). Conclusions This study revealed that PDPN was frequent among patients with diabetes in Al Ahsa, which was at an intermediate frequency relative to reported national and global literature levels. Identifying patients who are at high risk and implementing timely interventions are crucial.
Study on the Learning Environment of Medical Students in the COVID-19

In Korea, the COVID-19 pandemic began and the situation was very serious due to the rapid increase in confirmed cases. In this study, we conducted a study that included the online class environment, learning environment including living environment, and overall life of medical students who are experiencing sudden changes in environment due to COVID-19, to help medical students' academic and school life, and to provide medical services. We want to help improve the quality of education. The subjects of the study are 6 grades from the 1st year of pre-medical school to the 4th year of the medical department attending a medical school in the Daegu area in the 2021 school year, and a total of 450 are studied. In addition, a survey was conducted on students who agreed to the study, and it consisted about the online learning environment and overall living conditions. As a result of the study, there were no gender differences in the online learning environment and overall life amid the COVID-19 pandemic. There were differences between pre-medical and medical students in the online learning environment, and overall life. Due to the sudden COVID-19 pandemic, medical students were faced with an online learning environment that they could not choose. They took care of the physical resources provided by the school on their own and learned the importance of this.
Concepts and practices of nutrient management in agro-ecosystems: Can we draw lessons from history to design future sustainable agricultural production systems?

Agricultural production results in the transfer of nutrients from the soil to agricultural products. Nutrients are then transferred to humans either directly when plant pro ducts are consumed or via animal products. Ultimately a large fraction of nutrients ends up in animal and human wastes which may or may not be recycled in agricultural systems. We distinguish three broad types of nutrient management in agricultural production systems. There are systems located on fertile soils in which nutrients exported by crops are being replaced by adequate application of fertilizers. Such systems are the most sustainable with respect to nutrient use and should be supported. There are systems in which nutrient inputs are much smaller than nutrient outputs by crops. These systems are observed in subsistence agriculture which is particularly widespread in tropical areas. In the short term, this “nutrient mining” leads to decreased crop production, to food insecurity and poverty, and in the long term to soil degradation which itself leads to further environmental degradation, food insecurity and poverty. Finally, in areas of intensive agriculture, especially in the presence of a large number of animals, nutrients are added to soils in excess to plant needs mostly in the form of animal manure. In these systems large quantities of nutrients imported on the farm as feedstuff end up in the animal excreta. This results in nutrient losses to water (P and N), to the atmosphere (N), and to the accumulation of pollutants in soils (e.g. heavy metals). Finally, it is now evident that some of the primary resources necessary for the production of fertilizers will become more difficult to acquire and therefore more expensive in the future (energy for N, rock phosphate for P).
Gravel Effect on Wastewater Infiltration from Septic System Trenches

than that of the soil, embedded gravel produced a chamber-to-gravel system infiltration ratio of 1.50. When sidewall flow was included in ent between gravel and gravel-free columns. Columns the BC horizon, the effect of embedded gravel was lessened and the were dosed with wastewater for 138 d. The mean final infiltration ratio dropped to 1.33. In the Bt1 horizon where the biomat discharge rate for the gravel-free treatment was over hydraulic conductivity was four orders of magnitude less than that of twice the gravel treatment. the soil, embedded gravel had more of an effect, producing an infiltra- Amerson et al. (1999) found no effect of gravel masktion ratio of 1.93, close to the manufacturer’s claim that chamber ing or compaction on wastewater infiltration rates. They systems have twice the infiltration rate of gravel systems. When side- did find an effect due to fine particles associated with wall flow was included in the Bt1 horizon, the effect of gravel was gravel in one of two soils. They used large gravel (3-cm diminished with an infiltration ratio of 1.70. Gravel had less of an mediandiameter)andsmallgravel(1-cmmediandiameeffect than claimed by the manufacturer of the chamber system beter). Fines used in this study were collected by washing cause lateral gradients pulling water into the areas beneath gravel particles compensated, in part, for the reduced cross-sectional area gravelsamplesobtainedcommerciallyfromsixsuppliers available for infiltration in the gravel systems. and comprised 1 to 4% of the gravel mass. Fines had sandy loam texture and were applied at a rate that simulated the total amount that would be derived from 15 cm of gravel with 5% fines by weight.
THE POSTCRANIAL AXIAL SKELETON OF MAJUNGASAURUS CRENATISSIMUS (THEROPODA: ABELISAURIDAE) FROM THE LATE CRETACEOUS OF MADAGASCAR

ABSTRACT Recent fieldwork in Upper Cretaceous terrestrial deposits in northwestern Madagascar has yielded a remarkable diversity of vertebrates, including several specimens of the abelisaurid theropod Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Depéret, 1896) Lavocat, 1955. Featured among the discoveries is an exquisite specimen (UA 8678) that preserves a virtually complete precaudal vertebral column, numerous costal elements, and portions of the skull and appendicular skeleton. This contribution represents the first description highlighting the postcranial axial skeleton of Majungasaurus. Owing to the completeness and quality of preservation, this specimen allows an examination of the serial transformation of features along the length of the axial skeleton, including a detailed analysis of postcranial pneumaticity in a nontetanuran theropod. Notable features of Majungasaurus include pneumatic cervical ribs with caudally bifurcate shafts and extensive pneumaticity of all postatlantal, precaudal vertebrae. Several postcranial features exhibited by Majungasaurus—including a well-developed cervical epipophysis, laterally expanded dorsal parapophysis, and sub-divided infradiapophyseal fossa in middle dorsal series—support previous phylogenetic studies placing it within Abelisauroidea and Abelisauridae. Majungasaurus (and abelisaurids generally) exhibit a robust cervical skeleton that features tightly interlocking cervical ribs, hyperossification of cervical rib shafts, and hypertrophied muscle attachment sites relative to other basal theropods. These features together highlight an axial core constructed to withstand high stresses, likely reflecting feeding adaptations for predation on large-bodied prey.
Management of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae) in apple orchards of North Western Himalayan region of India

ABSTRACT The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi, has emerged as a serious pest in apple orchards of Himachal Pradesh, India. Therefore, the present studies were conducted to use a combination of reduced dose of synthetic acaricidal concentrations along with Horticultural Mineral Oil (@ 1%) and (@ 0.5%). Results showed that the combination treatments [half concentration of the recommended acaricide (fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, spiromesifen and hexythiazox)] and Horticulture Mineral Oil (@ 1%) reduced the mite population to 1.33 mites per leaf in comparison to 37.30 mites per leaf in control. When both the acaricides and Horticulture Mineral Oil were reduced to half, the mite population was reduced to 2.33 mites per leaf, whereas the infestation in control was 22.65 mites per leaf. Further, the evaluation of the combination of hexythiazox (0.005%) + HMO (1%) was evaluated with biopesticides and popularly used acaricides under high-density apple plantation. The results revealed propargite (0.057%) as the most effective treatment being at par with hexythiazox (0.005%) + HMO 1% (1.25 and 1.45 mites/leaf, respectively). The entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (2.40 and 2.55 mites/leaf, respectively) were quite effective in reducing the mite population. Among all the treatments, hexythiazox 0.005% (13.10 mites/leaf) was the least effective treatment.