Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Industrial Robot Adoption on Trade Credit Financing in Manufacturing Firms

: With the global pursuit of artificial intelligence as a key strategic objective, the in-depth development of industrial robots becomes crucial for fostering high-quality economic and social progress. This paper delves into the influence of industrial robot utilization on commercial credit financing, exploring the perspectives of corporate financing behavior. An empirical investigation is conducted using a research sample consisting of Chinese A-listed manufacturing companies spanning the years 2011-2019. The study reveals that the incorporation of industrial robots enhances the level of corporate commercial credit financing. Notably, attenuation is observed in firms that have higher textual similarity in their annual reports. By extending the examination of micro-firm effects caused by industrial robot use through a financing behavioral lens, this article aims to provide empirical evidence and targeted recommendations for the ongoing advancement of industrial robotics in China, fostering a conducive external financing environment for firms.
Examining the Influence of Children and Parents’ Portable Device Use on Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity Levels

T﻿he aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the usage of screen-based media devices by children and their parents and its influence on sedentary behavior and physical activity. A cohort of 43 parents with typically developing children aged 8 to 12 years was selected for the study, utilizing convenience sampling methods through social media platforms across Central Macedonia, Greece. Parents filled out a survey regarding their children and themselves, assessing daily portable device use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity. Two standard regression models were employed to examine how criterion variables (child portable device use in Model 1 and parent portable device use in Model 2) related to predictor variables: child age, child sex, child daily sedentary time, and child physical activity. T﻿he findings revealed a significant and positive association between child sedentary time and child portable device use. Similar, child sedentary time exhibited a significant and positive association with parent portable device use. Child age, sex, and physical activity did not show a significant relationship with either parent or child portable device use. In summary, there is a clear connection between child sedentary behavior and portable device use, whereas physical activity does not exhibit a significant relationship. T﻿his implies that young children who extensively use portable devices may be susceptible to adopting a sedentary lifestyle. Additionally, results suggest a potential correlation between adults’ portable device use and sedentary habits, which may be reflected in similar behavior in their children.
The Effect of Research and Development on Economic Growth in Ethiopia: The Untapped Potential for Prosperity

This research measured the links between R&D and economic growth in Ethiopia employing multiple regression models. Citable journal articles, patents, technology exports, and research expenditures are the four predictor variables that are the focus of the study. GDP per capita growth is the outcome variable of the study, which serves as a proxy indicator for economic growth. The study used a panel dataset with data from a sample of 21 years between 2001 and 2021. The results show a significant link between growth of GDP per capita and citable journal articles, patents, and technology exports, demonstrating that these factors are essential for fostering economic growth. However, government expenditure on research and development has no discernible impact on economic growth, which accordingly, raises the possibility that raising research spending by itself may not be sufficient to boost the economy. These findings have tremendous policy implications because they emphasize the importance of concentrating on particular R&D initiatives that have a direct impact on economic growth. The study adds to the existing frontiers of knowledge inline with the connection between R&D and economic growth by demonstrating the value of citation-worthy journals, patents, and technology exports in fostering economic growth.
Using RAM method for optimal selection of flame retardant nanocomposite material fabrication solution

This study aimed to optimize the selection of manufacturing solutions for flame retardant nanocomposite materials based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC). A total of eight different options were considered. The first option utilized PVC as the base material, and the subsequent options were carried out by adding specific amounts of reinforcing agents, including aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and zinc borate (ZB). The seven following options were denoted by their respective symbols: 5ATH/PVC, 10ATH/PVC, 15ATH/PVC, 5ZB/PVC, 10ZB/PVC, 15ZB/PVC, and 5ATH/5ZB/PVC. The number preceding the symbol of the reinforcing agent represents the percentage of the reinforcing agent added to the PVC material. For example, 5ATH/PVC signifies the addition of 5% of ATH reinforcing agent to the PVC material. To evaluate each option, five different indices were employed. The weight for each index was determined using four different methods, including the Equal method, Entropy method, MEREC method, and LOPCOW method. The RAM method was used to select the best option. The combination of the RAM method and the four weight determination methods generated four different datasets of option rankings. In all four of these datasets, the best and worst options consistently matched. The results indicated that the 15ATH/PVC option was deemed the best, while the pure PVC option was the worst.
How Global Warming Changes the Difficulty of Synoptic Weather Forecasting

Global warming projections point to a wide range of impacts on the climate system, including changes in storm track activity and more frequent and intense extreme weather events. Little is however known on whether and how global warming may affect the atmosphere's predictability and thus our ability to produce accurate weather forecasts. Here, we combine a state‐of‐the‐art climate and a state‐of‐the‐art ensemble weather prediction model to show that, in a business‐as‐usual 21st century setting, global warming could significantly change the predictability of the atmosphere, defined here via the expected error of weather predictions. Predictability of synoptic weather situations could significantly increase, especially in the Northern Hemisphere. This can be explained by a decrease in the meridional temperature gradient. Contrarily, summertime predictability of weekly rainfall sums might significantly decrease in most regions.
Biceps femoris muscle transposition for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new extracapsular surgical technique for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs. Nine small breed dogs (seven females and two males) weighing ≤ 15 kg were treated with biceps femoris muscle transposition (BFT). The duration of the BFT procedure was 20 min. Each patient underwent a standard clinical protocol and a questionnaire for the owners. Follow-up (at 1, 3, and 12 months postoperative) confirmed significant improvement in all patients, especially at 1 month postoperatively (p < 0.01) and again after complete stifle joint assessment at 3 months postoperatively. After 12 months, only two patients showed a slight increase in osteoarthritis. According to our results, BFT is a simple extracapsular surgical technique that can be used for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs.
Agomelatine alleviates pain-related behaviour in ovariectomized rats

Aim: Menopause is a physiological process that results in the cessation of ovarian follicle activity. Research suggests that postmenopausal women may experience changes in pain sensitivity. Ovariectomized (Ovx) rats are commonly used to mimic postmenopausal pain symptoms in research. Agomelatine is a unique antidepressant that acts as both a melatonergic receptor agonist and a 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. Preclinical studies have suggested potential analgesic effects associated with Agomelatine. This study aims to investigate the influence of agomelatine on pain behavior in Ovx rats. Materials and Methods: Forty female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham, Ovx, Ago20 and Ago40. The Ovx, Ago20 and Ago40 groups underwent bilateral ovariectomy, while the Sham group underwent all surgical procedures except ovarian ligation. After four months, the Sham and Ovx groups received vehicle, while the Ago20 (20mg/kg) and Ago40 (40mg/kg) groups received agomelatine by oral gavage for two months. Pain sensitivity assessments were conducted using electronic von Frey, hot plate, tail flick, and tail immersion methods after the final drug administration. Results: In the Ovx group, there was an increase in pain sensitivity observed in the hot plate, electronic von Frey, tail flick, and tail immersion tests (p < 0.05). Agomelatine treatment significantly reduced the heightened nociceptive response (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Agomelatine effectively attenuates the increased sensitivity to pain observed in Ovx rats.
Habitat use by Peccaries and feral pigs of the Southern Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

White-lipped and collared peccaries (Tayassu pecari and Pecari tajacu, respectively) are abundant and widespread fruit-eating (frugivorous/omnivorous) mammals in Neotropical rain forests (Bodmer, 1989a). Recent studies have shown that their role as fruit predators and dispersers affects the biodiversity of certain forest habitats (Painter, 1998; Altrichter et al., 1999; Silman et al., 2003; Keuroghlian & Eaton, 2008; Keuroghlian & Eaton, in press). The white-lipped peccaries are the only rain forest ungulates which form large herds (50-300 individuals), so their effects on forest habitats can be dramatic. Extirpation of either peccary species from a rain forest area will cause habitat alterations and additional biodiversity losses (Painter, 1998; Altrichter et al., 2001; Silman et al., 2003; Keuroghlian & Eaton 2008; Keuroghlian & Eaton, in press).
Inﬂuence of Vacuum Level and Overmilking on Udder Health and Teat Thickness Changes in Dairy Ewes

The effects of vacuum level and overmilking on udder health were studied in ewes. Vacuum levels of 36 and 42 kPa were assigned to two groups of 23 Manchega ewes in a crossover study design with two experimental periods of 5 wk for each. Moreover, for each ewe, one teat was overmilked 1.5 to 2 min at all milkings during these 10 wk. The milking machine used had a midlevel milkline and pulsation was ﬁxed at 180 cycles per min and a pulsation ratio of 50:50. Bacterial exposure of all teats was increased by dipping them in a suspension of Staphylococcus simulans at eight milkings of each period. New intramammary infections (IMI) were not signiﬁcantly affected by the vacuum level used (18 and 23% of ewes infected, at 36 and 42 kPa, respectively) or application of overmilking (9 and 11% of half udders infected without and with overmilking, respectively). Likewise, neither factor signiﬁcantly affected the somatic cell count (SCC) of the milk. Teat thickness changes after milking varied signiﬁcantly due to the presence of overmilking ( − 13.6 and − 7.4%, in teats not overmilked and overmilked, respectively) but were not affected by vacuum level. At no time were any lesions or variations visibly noted in the teat walls or oriﬁce. So, in this work we were unable to demonstrate that the vacuum and overmilking levels assayed, both used with a pulsation rate of 180 cycles/min, have an important effect on the state of udder health in the short term. Furthermore, it was also observed that, in absence of IMI, the two factors studied did not cause irritation of any kind in the gland that might inﬂuence the SCC of the milk.
Overcoming corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: Exploring the coping strategies of children and women in rural Nigeria, West-Africa

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has brought inestimable trauma and loss of person’s amongst who are children and women other than older adults, all over the world. The focus of this study is to explore the coping strategies of children and women during the COVID-19 pandemic, in rural West Africa and how it affects their abilities to access social assistance and economic possibilities. Employing a strengths-based perspective and drawing on a qualitative approach, focus groups and in-depth interviews was conducted among children and women in a remote village in Edo state, Nigeria. Although directly unhurt by the pandemic given their resounding coping mechanism, which is anchored around resilience, relationship, and resources; they were subtly challenged by the reluctance of the Nigerian political leadership to provide ad-hoc safety nets and long-term social support services. To ensure that children and women are not plunged into warrantless travails-not only in the face of the rampaging global contagion, but also for any other that might arise in the years ahead-, recommendations are offered to the Nigerian authorities as well as to social work professionals given their longstanding commitments to this highly vulnerable populations.
Genotype-Specific Expression of Selected Candidate Genes Conferring Resistance to Leaf Rust of Rye (Secale cereale L.)

Leaf rust (LR) caused by Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis (Prs) is a highly destructive disease in rye. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying the rye immune response to this disease remain relatively uncharacterised. In this study, we analysed the expression of four genes in 12 rye inbred lines inoculated with Prs at 20 and 36 h post-treatment (hpt): DXS (1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase), Glu (β-1,3-glucanase), GT (UDP-glycosyltransferase) and PR-1 (pathogenesis-related protein 1). The RT-qPCR analysis revealed the upregulated expression of the four genes in response to Prs in all inbred lines and at both time-points. The gene expression data were supported by microscopic and macroscopic examinations, which revealed that eight lines were susceptible to LR and four lines were highly resistant to LR. A relationship between the infection profiles and the expression of the analysed genes was observed: in the resistant lines, the expression level fold changes were usually higher at 20 hpt than at 36 hpt, while the opposite trend was observed in the susceptible lines. The study results indicate that DXS, Glu, GT and PR-1 may encode proteins crucial for the rye defence response to the LR pathogen.
Assessment of and management procedures for the hake stocks off southern Africa

5 Overview of thesis 8 1 Biological and historical background 10 1.1 Review of the biology of hake 10 1.1.1 Species and stock structure 10 1.1.2 Spawning and maturity 13 1.1.3 Growth 14 1.1. 4 Feeding 15 1.2 History of the hake fishery 17 1.2.1 Development of the fishery 17 1.2.2 The current fishery 18 1.3 History of assessment and management 20 1.3.1 South Africa 20 1.3.2 Namibia 22 SECTION I: STOCK ASSESSMENT 30 2 Available data for stock assessment 31 2.1 Catches 31 2.2 Catch rates 32 2.3 Survey biomass 33 2.4 Age-structure 34 3 The choice of model 36 3.1 Biomass Dynamic Models 36 3.2 Virtual Population Analysis 38 3.3 Age-Structured Production Models 40 4 The Age-Structured Production Model 41 4.1 Population Dynamics 41 4.1.1 Numbers-at-age 41 4.1.2 Recruitment 42 4.1.3 Total catch and catches-at-age 44 4.2 The likelihood function 45 4.2.1 CPUE relative abundance data 45 4.2.2 Survey abundance data 46 4.2.3 Commercial catches-at-age 47 Table of
The isotopic evolution of the Kohistan Ladakh arc from subduction initiation to continent arc collision

Abstract Magmatic arcs associated with subduction zones are the dominant active locus of continental crust formation, and evolve in space and time towards magmatic compositions comparable to that of continental crust. Accordingly, the secular evolution of magmatic arcs is crucial to the understanding of crust formation processes. In this paper we present the first comprehensive U–Pb, Hf, Nd and Sr isotopic dataset documenting c. 120 myr of magmatic evolution in the Kohistan-Ladakh paleo-island arc. We found a long-term magmatic evolution that is controlled by the overall geodynamic of the Neo-Tethys realm. Apart from the post-collisionnal melts, the intra-oceanic history of the arc shows two main episodes (150–80 Ma and 80–50 Ma) of distinct geochemical signatures involving the slab and the sub-arc mantle components that are intimately linked to the slab dynamics.
Decadal trajectories of nitrate input and output in three nested 
catchments along a land use gradient

Abstract. Increased anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen (N) to the biosphere during the last decades have resulted in increased groundwater and surface water concentrations of N (primarily as nitrate) posing a global problem. Although measures have been implemented to reduce N-inputs especially from agricultural sources, they have not always led to decreasing riverine nitrate concentrations and loads. The limited response to the measures can either be caused by the accumulation of slowly mineralized organic N in the soils acting as a biogeochemical legacy or by long travel times (TTs) of inorganic N to the streams forming a hydrological legacy. Both types of legacy are hard to distinguish from the TTs and N budgets alone. Here we jointly analyze atmospheric and agricultural N inputs with long-term observations of nitrate concentrations and discharge in a mesoscale catchment in Central Germany. For three nested sub-catchments with increasing agricultural land use, we assess the catchment scale N budget, the effective TT of N. In combination with long-term trajectories of C-Q relationships we finally evaluate the potential for and the characteristics of an N-legacy. We show that in the 42-year-long observation period, the catchment received an N-input of 42 758 t, of which 97 % derived from agricultural sources. The riverine N-export sums up to 6 592 t indicating that the catchment retained 85 % of the N-input. Removal of N by denitrification could not fully explain this imbalance. Log-normal travel time distributions (TTD) for N that link the input history to the riverine export differed seasonally, with modes spanning 8–17 years. Under low-flow conditions, TTs were found to be systematically longer than during high discharges. Systematic shifts in the C-Q relationships could be attributed to significant changes in N-inputs resulting from agricultural intensification and the break-down of the East German agriculture after 1989 and to the longer travel times of nitrate during low flows compared to high flows. A chemostatic export regime of nitrate was only found after several years of stabilized N-inputs. We explain these observations by the vertical migration of the N-input and the seasonally changing contribution of subsurface flow paths with differing ages and thus differing N-loads. The changes in C-Q relationships suggest a dominance of hydrological N-legacy rather than a biogeochemical N-fixation in the soils, which should result in a stronger and even increasing dampening of riverine N-concentrations after sustained high N-inputs. Despite the strong N-legacy, a chemostatic nitrate export regime is not necessarily a persistent endpoint of intense agricultural land use, but rather depends on a steady replenishment of the mass of N propagating through the catchments subsurface. The input-output imbalance, the long time-lags and the lack of significant denitrification in the catchment let us conclude that catchment management needs to address both, a longer-term reduction of N-inputs and shorter-term mitigation of today’s high N-loads.
Stopping spikes, continuation bays and other features of optimal stopping with finite-time horizon

We consider optimal stopping problems with finite-time horizon and state-dependent discounting. The underlying process is a one-dimensional linear diffusion and the gain function is time-homogeneous and difference of two convex functions. Under mild technical assumptions with local nature we prove fine regularity properties of the optimal stopping boundary including its continuity and strict monotonicity. The latter was never proven with probabilistic arguments. We also show that atoms in the signed measure associated with the second order spatial derivative of the gain function induce geometric properties of the continuation/stopping set that cannot be observed with smoother gain functions (we call them \emph{continuation bays} and \emph{stopping spikes}). The value function is continuously differentiable in time without any requirement on the smoothness of the gain function.
Comparative study between intravenous anesthesia (propofol) Comparative study between intravenous anesthesia (propofol) and inhalational anesthesia (sevoflurane) on the cytokine’s and inhalational anesthesia (sevoflurane) on the cytokine’s response to abdominal operation response to abdominal operat

Introduction : These days, the need for more information and familiarity with the in ﬂ ammatory response to different anesthetic drugs increase. Not only some patients suffering from immune reactions against some anesthetic drugs, but all surgical patients are liable to decrease in immunity postoperatively. This may increase the postoperative morbidity and mortality, affects healing, and spread of tumors postoperatively. This decrease in immunity is due to surgery trauma causing imbalance in cytokine response. Patients and methods : This article was written on 40 patients, and patients were randomly classi ﬁ ed into four equal classes. Class A: inhalational anesthesia on major operation. Class B: intravenous anesthesia on major operation. Class C: inhalational anesthesia on minor operation. Class D: intravenous anesthesia on minor operation. Results : The authors found that proin ﬂ ammatory cytokine [interleukin (IL)-6] levels increase postoperatively in all classes but with higher levels in inhalational anesthesia more than intravenous anesthesia and in major operation than in minor operation. Anti-in ﬂ ammatory cytokine (IL-10) increases slightly in intravenous anesthesia more in major operation and was higher in inhalational anesthesia, especially after 24 h postoperatively, more in major operation. We also noticed a correlation between cortisol level with IL-6 levels, this means an increase more in major operation than in minor operation and with higher levels in inhalational anesthesia than intravenous anesthesia, which shows slight increase in cortisol level. Conclusion : Inhalational anesthesia had the highest effect to induce in ﬂ ammatory cytokine response to operations than the intravenous anesthesia, whether on major or minor operations.