Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF EFFECT OF MENOPAUSE ON THYROID STATUS IN INDIAN WOMEN

Background and Objectives: Thyroid disorders are highly prevalent conditions worldwide, posing significant implications for maintaining optimal thyroid hormone levels, which play a crucial role in normal reproductive function. The incidence of thyroid disorders tends to increase with age, and women often experience symptoms related to their menstrual cycles, rendering them more susceptible to developing thyroid dysfunction. The primary objective of this study was to compare the thyroid profile between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: A total of 95 premenopausal women (aged over 40 years) and 100 postmenopausal women (within a menopause duration of up to 5 years) were selected as participants for this study. Thyroid profile assessment was performed on all subjects under standardized conditions, ensuring that the assessments were conducted in a basal-fasting state. Results: Analysis of the results revealed that the mean levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), FT3, and FT4 were higher in postmenopausal women. Similarly, the mean levels of [insert specific hormone(s)] were slightly elevated in the postmenopausal group. However, it is important to note that no statistically significant differences were observed in the thyroid hormone profile between the premenopausal and postmenopausal groups. Conclusion: Although the present study did not yield statistically significant differences in the thyroid profile between premenopausal and postmenopausal women, it is imperative to emphasize the necessity for further research with a larger sample size within the Indian population. This would allow for a more comprehensive evaluation of the association between the thyroid profile and the premenopausal and postmenopausal statuses.
A Nyugat-Balkán gazdasági integrációérettsége = The economic integration maturity of Western Balkans

Az Europai Unio szamara az elmult evekben rendkivul fontossa valt a Nyugat-Balkan helyzete, nyilatkozatai alapjan kifejezett celja ezen orszagokat felvenni a tagallamok sorai koze. A terseg orszagai jelenleg (2013. julius) vagy mar tagjeloltek (Macedonia Volt Jugoszlav Koztarsasag, Montenegro es Szerbia) vagy potencialis tagjeloltek (Albania, Bosznia-Hercegovina es Koszovo az ENSZ BT. 1244 sz. hatarozataban foglaltak szerint). Horvatorszag 2013. julius 1-jevel pedig az Europai Unio tagallama. Az Europai Unio szandekait egyertelműnek mutatja, azonban felmerul a kerdes, hogy a csatlakozassal ezek az allamok az Unio elmelyuleset hatraltatnak-e, keszek-e a csatlakozasra, integracioerettek-e. Az Europai Unio altal meghatarozott gazdasagi, illetve politikai kovetelmenyek nem teljesen tukrozik a tagjelolt allamok felkeszultseget a csatlakozasra. Osszessegeben nem tekinthetők koherensnek, vilagosan strukturaltnak es kidolgozottnak. Ezert erdemes bevezetni az integracioerettseg fogalmat, elmeletet, illetve ez alapjan megvizsgalni a nyugat-balkan allamok integracioerettseget. Az integracioerettseg fogalmat es reszletes modszertanat Palankai Tibor alkotta meg, es kutatasai soran azt a kelet-kozep europai orszagokra alkalmazta. Az integracioerettseg negy dimenzioja (gazdasagi, politikai, intezmenyi es tarsadalmi) kulonboztethető meg, kutatasom soran az elsőre koncentralok, amely az alabbi alapkriteriumokkal hatarozhato meg: műkodő piacgazdasag, versenykepesseg, makrostabilitas es stabilizacio, konvergencia, finanszirozhatosag es finanszirozas. Ezt a modszertant adaptalom a Nyugat-Balkan allamok jellegzetessegeit figyelembe veve es vizsgalom meg azt, hogy a fentebb emlitett orszagok – Koszovo kivetelevel - integracioerettnek tekinthetőek-e. Ertekezesem soran alapvetően a 2002 es 2011 kozotti 10 evet tanulmanyozom a gazdasagi dimenzio, illetve annak mutatoi kapcsan. (.)
Mordenite-Type Zeolite from Iraq Sand: Synthesis and Characterization

Mordenite's excellent physical and chemical qualities set it apart from other zeolites with similar applications in industry. Mordenite is frequently produced through hydrothermal processing with TEA+ cations. The best template agent is TEA+ cations, despite the fact that they may lead to a variety of problems, such as the release of toxicity, the high cost of production, the contamination of wastewater, and environmental damage. So, it's important to develop a mordenite synthesis technique that doesn't need an organic template or a cheap template. The mordenite-type zeolites were prepared using sand from the western part of Iraq (Ar-Rutbah). Silica was extracted from Iraqi sand as a silica source and sodium aluminate as a source of alumina Al by using the SOL-GEL method through the hydrothermal technique at temperatures ranging from 23 to 27 °C over a period of 7 days. Analyses such as XRD, BET surface area AFM, FT-IR, and FE-SEM were performed on the sample. The average particle size was 31.9 nm, and the BET surface area was 202.487. XRF detected the ratio of silica to alumina (Si/Al = 4.55), and the exchange of sodium ions for hydrogen ions through ionic exchange is 100%. The micrograph clearly reveals a tiny portion of the crystal band with a flaky habit, while FE-SEM images of synthesized H-MOR show that plates form the majority of the crystals.
Consumer Reactions to Corporate ESG Performance: Evidence from Store Visits

We investigate end consumers’ reaction to corporate ESG performance. Using granular GPS data, we find that foot-traffic to firms’ stores significantly decreases in the month following negative ESG incidents. The results are robust with alternative specifications and different measures of ESG performance. Foot-traffic decreases more for stores located in democratic counties and counties with a larger fraction of highly educated and younger residents, consistent with ESG reputation influencing the demand of consumers with preference for corporate sustainability. Foot-traffic decreases less for firms with poorer past ESG profiles and for stores selling durable goods, inconsistent with ESG performance signalling to consumers about the quality of firms’ products or longevity. Overall, our findings contribute to the “doing well by doing good” debate and suggest that a firm’s ESG polices can affect its financial performance and shareholder value through the consumer demand channel.
Tales of the Unexpected: Surprises Experienced by Graduates in the Early Months of Employment

Abstract Although newcomers to work organisations attempt to anticipate what will happen to them, there are often unexpected events and perceptions which can have a major impact. These surprises are an important aspect of their experiences. The incidence and nature of surprises experienced by 104 graduates in their first few months of employment, and the role of surprises in making sense of the new work environment, are explored. The general atmosphere at work was the most commonly reported source of surprise, whilst the nature of the work and the respondents' own feelings and reactions were least commonly reported as surprising. However, these latter two sources of surprise were relatively frequently reported as sources of graduates' single most surprising experience. Illustrations are given of the role of surprise in adjustment to work, and the results are discussed with particular reference to their implications for careers counselling.
FLANGE PARTICIPATION FOR SEISMIC DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALLS

In the capacity design methodology, a flexural (ductile) shear wall is designed to promote inelasticity through formation of a plastic hinge at the base where the flexural demand is a maximum. This mechanism necessitates shear resistances corresponding to the development of the probable moment capacity of the wall system at its plastic hinge location. For rectangular-shaped shear walls, the evaluation of the moment capacity is a routine task; however, it is common in building construction to integrate L-, C, T, or H-shaped wall sections. For these section types the end flange walls participate in the moment capacity. Underestimating the effective flange width results in an underestimation of the probable moment capacity, which leads to design shear forces that are not necessarily conservative. A lower than required shear capacity would prevent the wall from developing a plastic hinge resulting in a shear-dominate failure mechanism with restricted ductility. North American standards for reinforced concrete assume flange participation based on a percentage of the wall height. To asses the accuracy of current code requirements, a three-dimensional continuum finite element method is used to investigate the effectiveness of flange walls. Preliminary results from analyses indicate flange effectiveness in tension and compression can be larger than the current code prescribed values.
The Effect of Nutrients and Their Role in the Progression of Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease is a common disease and may affect 90% of people, and is classified into gingivitis and periodontitis. The objective of this study was if the deficiency of some vitamins and trace elements affects the increase in exposure to periodontal diseases or to find out whether the periodontal disease can cause changes in the blood level of some nutrients and their role in reducing periodontal diseases. For this purpose, samples were taken from the University of Baghdad, College of Dentistry, Department of Periodontics, in the Periodontics clinic, including a group of 40 patients’ periodontitis, as well as another 40 patients’ gingivitis, and 40 healthy periodontium as control. There was no overall sickness in any of the groups. Periodontal clinical data were recorded, and serum parameter levels were assessed. The findings showed that plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss were significantly greater (P< 0.01) in patients compared to the control. Levels of vitamin C and D were significantly decreased in patients compared with control (P<0
Trending Mixture Copula Models with Copula Selection

Modeling the joint tails of multiple nancial time series has important implications for risk management. Classical models for dependence often encounter a lack of fit in the joint tails, calling for additional flexibility. In this paper we introduce a new nonparametric time-varying mixture copula model, in which both weights and dependence parameters are deterministic functions of time. We propose penalized trending mixture copula models with group smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) penalty functions to do the estimation and copula selection simultaneously. Monte Carlo simulation results suggest that the shrinkage estimation procedure performs well in selecting and estimating both constant and trending mixture copula models. Using the proposed model and method, we analyze the evolution of the dependence among four international stock markets, and find substantial changes in the levels and patterns of the dependence, in particular around crisis periods.
Alternative Models for Capturing the Compromise Effect

The compromise effect denotes the finding that brands gain share when they become the intermediate rather than extreme option in a choice set. Despite the robustness and importance of this phenomenon, choice modelers have neglected to incorporate the compromise effect in formal choice models and to test whether such models outperform the standard value maximization model. In this article, the authors suggest four context-dependent choice models that can conceptually capture the compromise effect. Although the models are motivated by theory from economics and behavioral decision research, they differ with respect to the particular mechanism that underlies the compromise effect (e.g., contextual concavity versus loss aversion). Using two empirical applications, the authors (1) contrast the alternative models and show that incorporating the compromise effect by modeling the local choice context leads to superior predictions and fit compared with the traditional value maximization model and a stronger (naive) model that adjusts for possible biases in utility measurement, (2) generalize the compromise effect by demonstrating that it systematically affects choice in larger sets of products and attributes than has been previously shown, (3) show the theoretical and empirical equivalence of loss aversion and local (contextual) concavity and (4) demonstrate the superiority of models that use a single reference point over “tournament models” in which each option serves as a reference point. They discuss the theoretical and practical implications of this research as well as the ability of the proposed models to predict other behavioral context effects.
Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activiti es from Red Seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii)

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder of metabolic characterized by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) and glucose secretion in urine caused by lack of insulin. Hyperglycemia can cause free radical molecules formation, which can be stabilized by antioxidants. Antioxidants can be found in seaweed (e.g. red seaweed, i.e.Eucheumacottonii), which is available in large quantities in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to determine the antioxidant and antidiabeticactivities of E.cottoniiextract in vitroand in vivo. Different solvents such as ethanol, distilled water, and warm distilled water were used for extraction. The extracts were subjected to phenolic screening, bioactive compound identification by GC-MS, antioxidant analysis using DPPH, and 𝛼 -amylase activity assay in vitro and in vivo. The highest yield was obtained from warm distilled water solvent (6.8%). The phytochemical content of E. cottoniicrude extract included alkaloid, terpenoid, phenolic, flavonoid, and saponin. The highest percent inhibition on DPPH free radical scavenging and 𝛼 -amylase used ethanol solvent (34.27%) and (59.33%), respectively. Male MusmusculusL. mice was used as an animal model in antidiabeticin vivo assay. Warm distilled water and ethanolic extract of E.cottoniishowed the ability to decrease BGL in diabetic mice below 100 mg/dL. Therefore, it can be concluded that the extract of red seaweed E.cottonii has the potential as an antioxidant and antidiabetic agent.
Pragmatism in trade policy: regional trade agreements

The last 30 years have witnessed a strong increase in the number of regional trade agreements. Stagnating multilateral negotiations within the World Trade Organisation (WTO) promoted this trend. In addition to lowering tariff trade barriers, trade agreements have increasingly been used since the year 2000 to advance the deeper integration of markets in 21st century trade-related areas such as services, investment and capital flows. Deep trade agreements do not just generate more trade between signatory countries; they can also have positive effects on nonsignatories. At the same time, a trend is emerging towards more protectionist policy measures, even outside the geopolitical power struggle between the US and China, the leading export nations. In order to push forward a trade system based on rules instead of relative power relations, a reform of the WTO remains imperative.
Cognition, Academic Achievement, Adaptive Behavior, and Quality of Life in Child and Adolescent Boys with Klinefelter Syndrome

This article has supplementary material on the web site: www.jdbp. org. Abstract: Objective: Klinefelter syndrome (KS; 47, XXY), the most common sex chromosome aneuploidy in males, is characterized by testicular failure and testosterone deficiency as well as a variety of cognitive, social, and emotional challenges. In the current study, we aimed to clarify the cognitive-behavioral profile of peripubertal boys with KS using measures of cognition, academic achievement, adaptive behavior, and quality of life. Method: We compared 47 boys with KS (7–16 years of age) with 55 performance IQ-matched boys without KS on measures of cognition (WISC-V), executive function (BRIEF-2), academic achievement (KTEA-3), adaptive behavior (Vineland-3), and quality of life (PROMIS). In exploratory analyses, we examined associations among these measures and potential associations with pubertal metrics. Results: Boys with KS demonstrated a significantly different profile of cognition, behavioral ratings of executive function, academic achievement, adaptive behavior, and quality of life compared with their typically developing peers, with, on average, lower functioning. The groups showed significantly different correlations between cognition and aspects of quality of life. No associations were observed between behavior and pubertal development. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings indicated that boys with KS are at increased risk for cognitive difficulties, which may affect academic achievement, adaptive behavior, and quality of life. Although initial exploratory analyses indicated that the magnitude of these alterations was not correlated with severity of testicular failure, longitudinal analyses currently being conducted by our group may help clarify the trajectory of these difficulties through the pubertal transition and testosterone replacement.
Digital Ecosystems: Evolving Service-Oriented Architectures

We view Digital Ecosystems to be the digital counterparts of biological ecosystems, exploiting the self-organising properties of biological ecosystems, which are considered to be robust, self-organising and scalable architectures that can automatically solve complex, dynamic problems. Digital Ecosystems are a novel optimisation technique where the optimisation works at two levels: a first optimisation, migration of agents (representing services) which are distributed in a decentralised peer-to-peer network, operating continuously in time; this process feeds a second optimisation based on evolutionary computing that operates locally on single peers and is aimed at finding solutions to satisfy locally relevant constraints. We created an Ecosystem-Oriented Architecture of Digital Ecosystems by extending Service-Oriented Architectures with distributed evolutionary computing, allowing services to recombine and evolve over time, constantly seeking to improve their effectiveness for the user base. Individuals within our Digital Ecosystem will be applications (groups of services), created in response to user requests by using evolutionary optimisation to aggregate the services. These individuals will migrate through the Digital Ecosystem and adapt to find niches where they are useful in fulfilling other user requests for applications. Simulation results imply that the Digital Ecosystem performs better at large scales than a comparable Service-Oriented Architecture, suggesting that incorporating ideas from theoretical ecology can contribute to useful self-organising properties in digital ecosystems.
Digital Ecosystems

We view Digital Ecosystems to be the digital counterparts of biological ecosystems, which are considered to be robust, self-organising and scalable architectures that can automatically solve complex, dynamic problems. So, this work is concerned with the creation, investigation, and optimisation of Digital Ecosystems, exploiting the self-organising properties of biological ecosystems. First, we created the Digital Ecosystem, a novel optimisation technique inspired by biological ecosystems, where the optimisation works at two levels: a first optimisation, migration of agents which are distributed in a decentralised peer-to-peer network, operating continuously in time; this process feeds a second optimisation based on evolutionary computing that operates locally on single peers and is aimed at finding solutions to satisfy locally relevant constraints. We then investigated its self-organising aspects, starting with an extension to the definition of Physical Complexity to include evolving agent populations. Next, we established stability of evolving agent populations over time, by extending the Chli-DeWilde definition of agent stability to include evolutionary dynamics. Further, we evaluated the diversity of the software agents within evolving agent populations. To conclude, we considered alternative augmentations to optimise and accelerate our Digital Ecosystem, by studying the accelerating effect of a clustering catalyst on the evolutionary dynamics. We also studied the optimising effect of targeted migration on the ecological dynamics, through the indirect and emergent optimisation of the agent migration patterns. Overall, we have advanced the understanding of creating Digital Ecosystems, the self-organisation that occurs within them, and the optimisation of their Ecosystem-Oriented Architecture.
Effect of Coaching Program on Parents' Awareness regarding Caring of their children with Hearing Loss

Background: The most common sensory deficit in children today is hearing loss. It can cause significant adverse effects on the acquisition of speech and language, academic achievement as well as social and emotional development. Aim of the study: This study aimed to determine the effect of a coaching program on parents' awareness regarding caring of their children with hearing loss. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized to accomplish the aim of this study. Setting: The study was conducted at Alshamla Audiology clinics of Tanta University Hospital and Audiology Clinic of International Teaching Hospital, in Tanta City. Subjects: A convenient sample composed of 150 parents having children suffering from hearing loss . Tools of data collection: Tool (1) Interviewing questionnaire about ADHD, Tool (2) Parents' reported practices about their children with ADHD and Tool (3) Parents' attitude to deafness scale . Results: The majority of the studied sample (75%) had poor level of knowledge before the coaching program implementation, which improved for most of them (90%), to have good knowledge immediately post and at the follow up phases of coaching program implementation. While, most of parents (90%) had unsatisfactory level of practice before the coaching program, also the same percent of them (90%) had satisfactory practice immediately post and at follow up phases of coaching program. Also, the majority of the studied parents (73.3% and 66.7%) showed positive attitude about caring of their children with hearing loss after coaching program implementation. Conclusion: The study findings concluded that, there are significant improvements in parents' total knowledge, reported practices and attitude regarding caring of their children suffering from hearing loss after the implementation of coaching program than before. Recommendations: Periodical coaching programs should be provided for parents of children with hearing loss for continuous education.