Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neodymium Evidence for Increased Circumpolar Deep Water Flow to the North Pacific During the Middle Miocene Climate Transition

Low salinity surface water inhibits local deepwater formation in the modern North Pacific. Instead, southern‐sourced Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) fills the basin, which is the product of water masses formed from cold sinking centers in the Southern Ocean and North Atlantic. This CDW is responsible for transporting a significant amount of global heat and dissolved carbon in the deep Pacific Ocean. The history of its flow and the broader overturning circulation are widely assumed to be sensitive to climate perturbations. However, insufficient records exist of CDW presence in the deep North Pacific with which to evaluate its evolution and role in major climate transitions of the past 23 Ma. Here we report sedimentary coatings and fish teeth neodymium isotope values—tracers for water‐mass mixing—from deepwater International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1438 (4.7 km water depth) in the Philippine Sea, northwest Pacific Ocean. Our results indicate the water mass shifted from a North Pacific source in the early Miocene to a southern source by ~14 Ma. Within the age model and temporal constraints, this major reorganization of North Pacific water mass structure may have coincided with ice sheet build up on Antarctica and is most consistent with an increased northward flux of CDW due to enhanced sinking of cold water forced by Antarctic cooling. The northward extent of this flux may have remained relatively constant during much of the past 14 Ma.
Identification of Cropping System Module for Irrigated Farming System of Rewa Region

Rice is an important crop of rice-wheat crop zone of Madhya Pradesh which occupies an area of 16.75 lakh hectares. The average productivity is 1194 kg/ha. In Rewa region of Madhya Pradesh, rice is cultivated in 6.09 lakh hectares with the production of 4.47 lakh tonnes and the average productivity of rice is 917 kg/ha. It is very low as compared to national and state average productivity (Rao 2012). It is due use of local varieties, erratic and uneven distribution of rains as well as prolong dry spells observed frequently.
Interactive Applications Utilization in Teaching Mathematics

Modern technologies have influenced the teaching of mathematics at primary schools, secondary schools, and universities. Nowadays, it is natural to utilise their advantages to reach teaching aims. It is widely known that mathematics should be taught to support students' active acquisition of knowledge. An appropriate use of interactive applications in teaching mathematics can contribute to this. In the paper, we present our own interactive applications that can be used in teaching mathematics at primary and secondary schools and universities. Moreover, we provide recommendations for their appropriate integration into education. Finally, we analyse our experience with integrating interactive applications into teaching mathematics at our faculty.
The Role of Locus of Control in Moderating the Effect of Auditorâ€™s Independence and Professional Skepticism on Audit Quality

Locus of control (LoC) is an individual's belief in the control of events that can be caused by factors within the individual (internal LoC) and/or factors from outside the individual (external LoC). This study aims to examine the effect of auditorâ€™s independence and professional skepticism on audit quality and find out the role of locus of control (LoC) in moderating the effect of auditorâ€™s independence and professional skepticism on audit quality. An online survey is conducted on 67 respondents (auditors) working at the Big-Four Accounting Firms. This research is a quantitative research with the aim to test the hypotheses. The method used to quantify data is to give weight or attributes in the form of numbers to the data so that it can be processed using modeling and quantitative tools. The results show that auditorâ€™s independence and professional skepticism have a positive effect on audit quality. Internal locus of control strengthens the effect of auditorâ€™s independence and professional skepticism on audit quality. Conversely, the external locus of control weakens the effect of auditorâ€™s independence and professional skepticism on audit quality. The results of this study indicate that auditors often face external pressure during the audit process, which has negative consequences for the quality of audited financial reports.
Effectiveness of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Gingivitis and Periodontitis: Clinical Case Reports and Review of the Literature

Gingivitis and periodontitis are common oral pathological conditions. Several optional adjunctive local therapies are used clinically. While antibiotics and chlorhexidine are the most common agents of choice, their long-term use is associated with several adverse effects. Some of these include staining of teeth and restorations, cellular cytotoxicity and hypersensitivity. Topical oxygen therapy has been recently introduced and could be clinically capable of inhibiting plaque bacterial biofilm growth. Available as a mouthwash, toothpaste and oral gel, this formulation comprises cellulose, glycerol and sodium peroxoborate, and releases topical oxygen in a controlled manner. Moreover, it releases topical oxygen, in a controlled manner, and lactoferrin, which are capable of antibacterial action and stimulation of bone cells, respectively. The aim of this paper is to report a case of gingivitis and another case of periodontitis, both of which were successfully treated clinically with adjunctive local oxygen therapy (blue®m). Additionally, this paper aims to review the relevant literature in terms of adjunct topical or local therapies used in the treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis, in order to understand how local therapies are helpful and to know if local oxygen therapy is a suitable clinical alternative.
New Genotypes of Long and Thin Grain Rice and Technology for Production in Mexico: Michoacán State as an Example

In Mexico, the national demand for rice exceeds four times the consumption of the grain produced internally, which has caused growing volumes of imported rice. Long and thin-type rice is the one with the highest consumption. Faced with this problem, a strategy was implemented based on the evaluation, validation, and release of rice materials. Since Michoacán State is involved in rice production, evaluations have allowed the selection of materials, which has resulted in the current availability of a number of advanced experimental lines. Also, the technology that has traditionally been used in the cultivation had changed, so that continuous improvement programs have been developed represented by the system of cultivation in direct sowing in furrows and continuous irrigation. The new varieties do not require continuous flooding, which allows for a greater efficiency in the use of water and soil resources. Studies on rice nutrition in Mexico are still scarce, espe- cially under irrigated conditions. The current has focused on the nitrogen fertilization of this crop since the exploration of the efficient management of soil nutrition is a vitally important issue. Other aspects integrated to the rice technology are the use of a low seed rate and weed management using a new generation of herbicides.
Invited Synthesis Paper Historical and Modern Disturbance Regimes, Stand Structures, and Landscape Dynamics in Pinon-Juniper Vegetation of the Western United States

Pinon-juniper is a major vegetation type in western North America. Effective management of these ecosystems has been hindered by inadequate understanding of 1) the variability in ecosystem structure and ecological processes that exists among the diverse combinations of pinons, junipers, and associated shrubs, herbs, and soil organisms; 2) the prehistoric and historic disturbance regimes; and 3) the mechanisms driving changes in vegetation structure and composition during the past 150 yr. This article summarizes what we know (and don't know) about three fundamentally different kinds of pinon-juniper vegetation. Persistent woodlands are found where local soils, climate, and disturbance regimes are favorable for pinon, juniper, or a mix of both; fires have always been infrequent in these woodlands. Pinon-juniper savannas are found where local soils and climate are suitable for both trees and grasses; it is logical that low-severity fires may have maintained low tree densities before disruption of fire regimes following Euro-American settlement, but information is insufficient to support any confident statements about historical disturbance regimes in these savannas. Wooded shrublands are found where local soils and climate support a shrub community, but trees can increase during moist climatic conditions and periods without disturbance and decrease during droughts and following disturbance. Dramatic increases in tree density have occurred in portions of all three types of pinon-juniper vegetation, although equally dramatic mortality events have also occurred in some areas. The potential mechanisms driving increases in tree density—such as recovery from past disturbance, natural range expansion, livestock grazing, fire exclusion, climatic variability, and CO2 fertilization—generally have not received enough empirical or experimental investigation to predict which is most important in any given location. The intent of this synthesis is 1) to provide a source of information for managers and policy makers; and 2) to stimulate researchers to address the most important unanswered questions.
Sky view factor measurement by using a spherical camera

Sky view factor (SVF) is a ratio of sky in upper hemisphere and is an important index for many environmental studies. Frequently used method for measuring SVF is taking fisheye image of upper hemisphere by a camera with fisheye lens (Nikon FC-E8 and FC-E9). In this study, we devised the usage of a spherical camera (RICOH Theta S), which can takes a picture with 360° field of view (FOV), for SVF measurement. Applicability of the spherical camera to the measurement of SVF is tested by comparing with conventional fisheye cameras. The result showed that it can take the same quality of fisheye images as conventional fisheye camera and can be applied to the measurement of SVF. Accuracy and causes of errors are considered and as a conclusion, the spherical camera has enough performance for the replacement of conventional cameras. The algorithm of making fisheye images of different projection methods and of calculating SVF are written as programs in R.
Can Climate Models Reproduce the Decadal Change of Dust Aerosol in East Asia?

Dust aerosol plays an important role in the Earth System. As a natural aerosol, dust aerosol is often calculated interactively in global climate models and temporal variations of dust emission in the past century are far less constrained compared to those of anthropogenic aerosol emissions. Here we evaluate dust emission in East Asia simulated by 15 climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5. The results show that none of the models can reproduce the observed decline of dust event frequency during 1961–2005 over East Asia. The models tend to simulate either much less decline or even increase of dust emission. The discrepancy is mainly ascribed to weaker or opposite trends of surface wind speeds and precipitation in the models. These results cast a doubt on the interpretation of long‐term variations of dust‐affected fields in climate models and highlight the need for further improvements of the models.
The place for diagnosis in the UK education system?

Currently, the number of students in the UK with diagnoses of mental health or psychiatric conditions is rising, as are the number of students categorised as having a special educational need or disability (SEND). To support these students’ objective evidence of deficit or difficulty is required, this usually takes the form of a legitimising diagnosis. However, in the case of mental health conditions, social, emotional and behavioural problems or even in some neurodevelopmental disorders, diagnosis is less useful as there are fundamental problems with the classification and understanding of mental health conditions. Despite this, the prevalence and importance of diagnosis remains in supporting students in education and those who are categorised as SEND. Therefore, this paper seeks to discuss the place that diagnosis has in education and the alternative models that exist in an effort to understand potential other avenues of supporting students and the benefits and limitations of these.
The Regime-Switching Structural Default Risk Model

We develop the regime-switching default risk (RSDR) model as a generalization of Merton’s default risk (MDR) model. The RSDR model supports an expanded range of asset probability density functions. First, we show using simulation that the RSDR model incorporates sudden changes in asset values faster than the MDR model. Second, we empirically implement the RSDR, MDR and an extension of the MDR model with changes in drift parameters, using maximum likelihood estimation. Focusing on the period before and after corporate rating downgrades used primarily for investment advice, we find that the RSDR model uses changes in equity mean returns and volatility to produce higher estimated default probabilities, faster, than both benchmark models.
Magnetic susceptibility and AMS of the Bushveld alkaline granites

The Bushveld Complex in South Africa includes one of the world’s largest anorogenic alkaline granite intrusions (66,000 km 2 ). The granite forms a composite laccolith, of 350 250 km in area and about 2 km in thickness, which was emplaced at about 5 km depth into sediments overlying the Kaapvaal craton, at 2054 Ma. The Bushveld granite and its roof-rocks have long been mined for Sn, W and F. The Bushveld granites have high magnetic susceptibilities (Km from 1000 to 4000 mSI), and a quantitative model is presented, suggesting that susceptibility fabrics are primarily carried by ferromagnetic minerals. The measured AMS foliations coincide with observed subhorizontal mineral lineations and compositional layering. Magnetic lineation trends vary considerably within the horizontal plane. The existence of a weak planar fabric and, an almost absent linear component may reflect (a) laccolithic emplacement by roof uplift, causing flattening magmatic fabrics, or (b) emplacement of largely crystal-free magma crystallizing in-situ and developing horizontal compositional layering from thermal chemical diffusion fronts and gravity-driven mechanisms. Weak magnetic fabrics, like those identified in the Bushveld granites require specific sampling schemes and procedures, in addition to rigorous constraint of magnetic mineralogy and crystallization sequence. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
A Comparative Study of New Fluorescent Anthraquinone and Benzanthrone α-Aminophosphonates: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Toxicology, X-ray Crystallography, and Microscopy of Opisthorchis felineus

In this research, we explore the synthesis of and characterize α-aminophosphonates derived from anthraquinone and benzanthrone, focusing on their fluorescence properties and potential applications in confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The synthesized compounds exhibit notable solvatochromic behavior, emitting fluorescence from green to red across various solvents. Spectroscopic analysis, including 1H-, 13C-, and 31P-NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometry, confirms the chemical structures. The compounds’ toxicity is evaluated using etiolated wheat sprouts, revealing varying degrees of impact on growth and oxidative damage. Furthermore, the study introduces these α-aminophosphonates for CLSM imaging of the parasitic flatworm Opisthorchis felineus, demonstrating their potential in visualizing biological specimens. Additionally, an X-ray crystallographic study of an anthraquinone α-aminophosphonate provides valuable structural insights.
The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Occupational Stress in Healthcare Providers in Saudi Arabia

Background Occupational stress is a negative physical and emotional response to job requirements, which might be caused by various factors that can harm the emotional and physical well-being of the employee. We aimed to investigate the factors and conditions associated with occupational stress. Study Design The study was cross-sectional, conducted with the Perceived Stress Scale ten item version. Results The majority of the participants reported moderate stress 223 (71%) and a small proportion (n=38, 12.2%) a high stress level. Several factors associated with higher risk of stress level for example being single were associated with higher risk of stress level in 135 (74.6%), moderate and high stress level was also reported in the group without enough income, 96 (75%) and 20 (15.6%), respectively. Conclusion A group of sociodemographic factors were consistently associated with occupational stress, including gender, income, comorbidity and marital status. However, some factors remained complex and multifaceted. Recommendation It is important to focus on reducing stress levels for all employees, regardless of their work experience or income. To prevent losing control of the healthcare worker’s stress and to prevent an escalation to anxiety or depression, stress-management programs are necessary, specifically for those who are experiencing high stress levels.
Transpiration in recovering mixed loblolly pine and oak stands following wildfire in the Lost Pines region of Texas

Depending on severity, wildfire alters stand biomass, tree species distribution, and age, which may modify stand transpiration (Et) and the amount of water available to other parts of the hydrologic cycle. Our objective was to determine how wildfire severity affected Et in mixed pine/oak (Pinus taeda L./Quercus stellata Wangehn., Quercus marilandica Muenchh.) stands in the Lost Pines eco‐region (Bastrop, TX, USA). Transpiration was estimated for mature pines and oaks at unburned and moderately burned sites and oak resprouts and pine saplings at a severely burned plot. On average, mature pines had 36% greater sap flux rates (Js) than mature oaks in the unburned and moderately burned stands. Under low moisture stress, regenerating pines had greater Js than resprouting oaks, but Js quickly decreased as soil moisture declined. By contrast, mature pines were unaffected by dry periods. Pines contributed most to Et at the unburned and moderate stands. Conversely, oak Et dominated the severely burned stand, contributing over 95%. Transpiration was greatest at the moderately burned stand (2.02 mm day−1), followed by the unburned (1.44 mm day−1), and the severely burned stands (0.46 mm day−1). Despite greater Js in resprouts and saplings, reductions in total sapwood area resulted in lower stand‐level daily Et at the severe site. Although severe fire decreased stand transpiration through reductions in vegetation density, individual oak resprouts appear to thrive, undeterred by high vapour pressure deficit. Without pine planting, oaks will likely dominate severely burned stands that could result in shifts to local hydrology and microclimate.
FACTORS THOSE ARE RELATED TO THE INCIDENCE OF NEEDLE STICKS ON INPATIENT NURSES AT DR. SITANALA KOTA TANGERANG HOSPITAL

Avoiding needles for a hospital nurse is very important because even the most minor treatment can pose a risk to the nurse. Use of personal protective equipment, age, years of service, knowledge of occupational health and safety, and training are related to needle sticking for hospital nurses. This research aims to analyze the relationship between the use of personal protective equipment, age, years of service, knowledge, and training with the incidence of needle sticking to nurses in hospitals. This type of research is observational with a cross-sectional study approach. The sample in this study was 47 people. Primary data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis uses univariate statistics to describe the characteristics of respondents, and bivariate statistics use the Chi-Square test to analyze the relationship between variables. The study shows that there is a significant relationship between the use of Personal Protective Equipment, knowledge and training with the needle sticking in nurses at Dr. Sitanala Kota Tangerang Hospital, with the results of the analysis of Personal Protective Equipment (p = 0.043), knowledge (p = 0.035) and training (p = 0.024). There is no significant relationship between age and years of service with the needle sticking in nurses at Dr. Sitanala Kota Tangerang Hospital, with the analysis of age (p = 0.183) and years of service (p = 0.103). From the results of this study, it was suggested that it was necessary to increase knowledge and training for nurses and improve compliance in preventing needle sticks, both "out of a job" and "on the job" training at least every six months. In addition, it is recommended to carry out regular socialization through leaflets or banners posted in every room about the importance of using good and standard Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in their duties.
Free-Vibration and Buckling Analyses of Beams using Kriging-Based Timoshenko Beam Elements with the Discrete Shear Gap Technique

A family of locking-free Kriging-based Timoshenko beam elements with a new implementation of the discrete shear gap technique was recently developed (referred to as K-beam-DSG1 elements). Performance of the K-beam-DSG1 elements has been shown to be very satisfactory in the linear static analysis of beams for a wide variety of thicknesses. This paper presents further development of the K-beam-DSG1 elements to free vibration and bifurcation buckling analyses of prismatic and non-prismatic beams. Consistent Kriging-based mass matrices are used for free vibration analysis and similarly, consistent Kriging-based geometric stiffness matrices are used for buckling analysis. The results show that for most of the cases, the K-beam-DGS1 elements yield remarkably accurate natural frequencies and critical compressive loads using a reasonable number of elements to discretize the beam. For an axially functionally graded fixed-fixed supported beam, however, the elements fail to predict the critical load accurately.
Land Use/land cover change analysis using Markov-Based model for Eleyele Reservoir

Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) are important components of the environmental system and changes in it mirror the impacts of human activities on the environment. These impacts needed to be determined in order to get a clear picture of the extent at which different land use practices affect hydrologic regime and water quality. Therefore, this study analyzed the effects of LULC on Eleyele reservoir for a period of 32 years. Landsat images of 1984, 2000 and 2016 covered by path 191 and rows 55 were acquired, a modified version of Aderson scheme of LULC classification was used to stratify the images, while the LULC map was analyzed and projected until year 2032 using IDRISI Selva 17.0 and ERDAS 2013 softwares respectively. Changes that have occurred within the study area were determined using LULC MARKOV. Land Use Land Cover built up area increased from 688.30 ha to 952.68 ha and from 952.68 ha to 2164.5 ha between years 1984 to 2000, and 2000 to 2016 respectively. LULC maps of 2000 and 2016 showed the open water also reduced from 101.6 ha in year 2000 to 61.74 ha in 2016. DEM showed that 8.5%, and 1.9% transitioned to vegetation cover and built up area in 1984 and 2000 respectively. Land Use Land Cover MARKOV chain analysis shows that by projection, the reservoir area will reduce further to 39.08 ha by the year 2032. The study has established that reserved forest zone suffered degradation with a noticeable increase in encroachment on the reservoir. LULC approach can be used to predict the effect of land use on reservoirs. Keywords: land use; land cover; analysis; model; Eleyele; reservoir