Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FIRST DETECTION OF THE [O iii] 88 μm LINE AT HIGH REDSHIFTS: CHARACTERIZING THE STARBURST AND NARROW-LINE REGIONS IN EXTREME LUMINOSITY SYSTEMS

We have made the first detections of the 88 μm [O iii] line from galaxies in the early universe, detecting the line from the lensed active galactic nucleus (AGN)/starburst composite systems APM 08279+5255 at z = 3.911 and SMM J02399–0136 at z = 2.8076. The line is exceptionally bright from both systems, with apparent (lensed) luminosities ∼1011 L☉. For APM 08279, the [O iii] line flux can be modeled in a star formation paradigm, with the stellar radiation field dominated by stars with effective temperatures, Teff > 36,000 K, similar to the starburst found in M82. The model implies ∼35% of the total far-IR luminosity of the system is generated by the starburst, with the remainder arising from dust heated by the AGN. The 88 μm line can also be generated in the narrow-line region of the AGN if gas densities are around a few 1000 cm−3. For SMM J02399, the [O iii] line likely arises from H ii regions formed by hot (Teff > 40,000 K) young stars in a massive starburst that dominates the far-IR luminosity of the system. The present work demonstrates the utility of the [O iii] line for characterizing starbursts and AGN within galaxies in the early universe. These are the first detections of this astrophysically important line from galaxies beyond a redshift of 0.05.
Antibacterial Activities, Chemical Composition, and Efficacy of Green Extract Carica Papaya Peel on Food Model Systems

This study investigated anti-bacterial activities, chemical composition, and extract efficacy of Carica papaya peel (CPPE) var. Sekaki/Hong Kong. Nine green solvents were used to extract the Carica papaya peel, and the extracts were subjected to anti-bacterial tests and assays against 14 bacteria. The most potent extract was then subjected to phenolic and flavonoid assays, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis, and efficacy study on food model systems. All CPPEs showed anti-bacterial activities, and pentane extract had moderate to high anti-bacterial activities against all 14 bacteria. Ethanol extract of Carica papaya peel (ECPPE) inhibited C. perfringens, L. monocytogenes, B. subtilis, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.563 mg/ml; therefore, the ECPPE was selected as the most potent extract. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC) of the CPPEs ranged between 6.20 to 58.75 mg GAE/g DW and 1.35 - 29.09 mg QE/g DW, respectively. Palmitic acid, linoleic acid, β-sitosterol, and stigmasterol in ECPPE may be potential anti-bacterial compounds that render anti-bacterial activities. This study evaluated the ECPPE effectiveness on carbohydrate, protein, fat, and fibre model systems via optical density measurement against C. perfringens, L. monocytogenes, B. subtilis, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus. The result showed that the ECPPE could effectively inhibit the tested bacteria in low carbohydrate and high protein, fat, and fibre food model systems.
rhCNB Improves Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunodeficiency in BALB/c Mice

Background This study aims to explore the immunomodulatory effect of rhCNB on mice with cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunodeficiency through TLR4/MAPK pathway. Methods BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: a negative control group, an immunosuppression model group, and a rhCNB treatment group. Tail vein injection of cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg) was used to establish a mouse immunosuppression model. Intraperitoneal injection of rhCNB (20 mg/kg) was administered to the treatment group, whereas equal quantities of normal saline were given to the control group and model group. Perform peripheral blood routine of CD4, CD8, and CD19 lymphocyte subsets and peripheral blood Th1/Th2 cell subsets 24 hours after the last administration. RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA levels of TLR4, P38, JNK, T-bet, and GATA3, the spleen immune organ index was measured, and the histopathological status of the spleen and thymus was observed. Results The results showed that compared with the control group, WBC, PLT, LYM, NEU, immune organ index, CD4+/CD8+ and CD19+ subgroup ratio, and peripheral blood Th1/Th2 cell subgroups decreased in the model group. The mRNA levels of TLR4, P38, JNK, T-bet, and GATA3 decreased compared with the model group, while they increased in the treatment group. Conclusions rhCNB has an immunomodulatory effect by regulating the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokine balance through the TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway and promoting the differentiation and proliferation of lymphocytes, thereby improving the immune function.
First results from the new PVLAS apparatus: A new limit on vacuum magnetic birefringence

Several groups are carrying out experiments to observe and measure vacuum magnetic birefringence, predicted by quantum electrodynamics (QED). We have started running the new PVLAS apparatus installed in Ferrara, Italy, and have measured a noise floor value for the unitary field magnetic birefringence of vacuum Δ n u ( vac ) = ( 4 ± 20 ) × 1 0 - 23 T − 2 (the error represents a 1 σ deviation). This measurement is compatible with zero and hence represents a new limit on vacuum magnetic birefringence deriving from nonlinear electrodynamics. This result reduces to a factor of 50 the gap to be overcome to measure for the first time the value of Δ n u ( vac , QED ) predicted by QED: Δ n u ( vac , QED ) = 4 × 10 - 24 T − 2 . These birefringence measurements also yield improved model-independent bounds on the coupling constant of axion-like particles to two photons, for masses greater than 1 meV, along with a factor-2 improvement of the fractional charge limit on millicharged particles (fermions and scalars), including neutrinos.
Medicinal plants of Teesta Valley, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India: A quantitative ethnomedicinal study

The present paper offers considerable information on therapeutic plants used traditionally by the residents of Teesta Valley in Darjeeling district, West Bengal. For the acquisition of ethnomedicinal information, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 knowledgeable people. The Free, Prior Informed Consent was taken from each participant prior to the collection of field data. A total of 74 species belonging to 68 genera and 44 families were documented to treat 42 types of health conditions. Leaf (30.77%) was mostly used in the preparation of traditional herbal medicines. Collected ethnobotanical data have been evaluated using suitable statistical tools like fidelity level (FL%), informant consensus factor ( F ic ) and importance value index (IVs). Highest F ic were reported from digestive system disorders. In FL%, highest score (92.8%) was observed in the plants Drymaria cordata (L.) Roemer & Schultes and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. The highest score for IVs was noticed in cases of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. , Artemisia nilagirica (C.B. Clarke) Pamp. , and Terminalia chebula Retz. This documentation will enhance the database on ethnomedicine of the district as well as the country, but scientific validation of the documented ethnomedicinal claim is required.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh struktur modal, pertumbuhan perusahaan dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap Nilai perusahaan (Tobins Q) Pada perusahaan Konstruksi bangunan yang terdaftar Di BEI 2016 – 2020. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling, sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 10 perusahaan Konstruksi bangunan yang terdaftar Di BEI dari tahun 2016 - 2020. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian uji secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa: (1) struktur modal tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, (2) pertumbuhan perusahaan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan (3) ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Uji simultan menunjukkan bahwa: Struktur Modal, Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Ukuran Perusahaan secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan.
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Ziziphus jujube, Fagonia Arabica, Mallotus phillipensis and Hemidesmus Indicus

Phytochemicals present in plants are a major source of imparting different medicinal properties to the plant. Four medicinal plants, i.e., Ziziphus jujube Mill. , Fagonia arabica L. , Mallotus phillipensis (Lam.) Müll. -Arg. and Hemidesmus indicus (L.) Schult were evaluated for their antibacterial and antioxidant potentials. Chemical analysis of ethanol and ethyl acetate extract of these plants revealed the presence of various phytochemicals in them. Antibacterial activity of extracts was measured against a Bacillus and a Pseudomonas spp. Among all of the extracts, M. phillipensis ethyl acetate extract gave maximum zone of inhibition (14mm) against Bacillus spp. Minimum inhibitory concentration of M. phillipensis ethyl acetate extract was 62.5mg/L. M. phillipensis extract was found to exhibit the maximum bacterial efflux pump inhibition potential (155%). Due to these antibacterial properties, twelve components of M. phillipensis were separated by TLC. Out of these 12, the component showing antibacterial potential was subjected to GCMS analysis which indicated that phthalic acid was the bioactive component responsible for this activity. Antioxidant potential of all extracts was also estimated by various assays where M. phillipensis had maximum potential among all. In conclusion, M. phillipensis extract had maximum antibacterial and antioxidant potential. The bioactive components isolated from this plant can further be used in pharmaceutical industries.
Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the PERMA Profiler in an Ethiopian Higher Education Setting

The primary goal of the present study was to test the Amharic version of the five-factor PERMA profiler: P (positive emotion), E (engagement), R (positive relationships), M (meaning in life), and A (accomplishment) aimed to assess University instructors’ positive functioning of their work. Exploratory factor analysis, single and multi-Group confirmatory factor analysis, measurement invariance, and path analysis were employed. The details of an examination of the PERMA profiler are discussed.
Prevalence and Patterns of EGFR Mutations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa

Objectives This study aims to analyze the prevalence and spectrum of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations within the Middle East and North Africa region, compare the findings to other parts of the world, and explore the geographic disparities of EGFR mutations across the region. Methods We conducted a literature search using the terms “[EGFR] AND [mutation] AND [Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer] AND [Middle East OR North Africa]”, using PubMed, Science Direct, Web of science, Embase, Scopus, and Google scholar. Results A total of 15 eligible studies were included and 6122 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were analyzed. Male patients were predominant in all of the considered studies, accounting for 70.4%. Of the included patients, 65.6% were smokers and 88.3% had been diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. Overall, EGFR mutations prevalence was 17.2%. In the Middle East, the reported frequency was 16.5%, ranging from 11.3% in Lebanon to 29.7% in the Gulf region. In North Africa, the prevalence of EGFR mutations was 18%, ranging from 17.5% in Egypt to 21.5% in Morocco. The most prevalent mutations were the exon 19 deletions (46.7%) followed by exon 21 substitutions (31.1%). Exon 20 alterations were detected in 10.8% of the analyzed cases, whereas exon 18 mutations were reported in 3.4% of the EGFR-mutated patients. There was 1.1% of patients that had concurrent EGFR mutations. Overall, EGFR mutation prevalence was higher in females [females vs males: 29.7% vs 5.9%, P<. 001], non-smokers [non-smokers vs smokers: 31.3% vs 9.6%, P<. 001], and patients with adenocarcinoma [adenocarcinoma vs non-adenocarcinoma: 18.8% vs 6.5%, P<. 001]. Conclusion EGFR mutation prevalence among the Middle East and North Africa populations is slightly higher than that seen in NSCLC patients of Caucasian ethnicity but is lower than that identified in Asian NSCLC patients. The distribution of these mutations varies considerably throughout the region.
Peer effects in professional analysts’ choice of their portfolio of companies

Analysts’ earnings forecasts are well known to be affected by herding behavior. This article provides evidence that herding might also play a role in analysts’ choice of coverage portfolio. Using the I/B/E/S database we show that there are strong peer effects at work in analysts’ choice of their portfolio of companies that go beyond specialization in teams and for certain sectors. To identify the factors driving these findings, we adopt a model of link formation within the bipartite network defined by analyst-company pairs. The strongest influence on imitation comes from the performance of other analysts. In contrast, professional experience and other individual characteristics seem to exert only a minor influence.
Shrub willow chips incorporated after potato harvest enhance soil properties in Prince Edward Island, Canada

Abstract Willow (Salix viminalis spp.) shrubs are being planted along riverbanks, on erodible and marginal farmland. Wood chips made from the woody biomass could improve the properties of light-textured soils with low organic matter content in potato-based systems. Willow chips were applied at 0, 20, 40, and 60mgha? 1 (fresh weight) as a soil amendment. Soil health parameters were evaluated after 12months, followed by C and N contents in whole soil, particulate, and mineral-associated organic matter fractions after 18months. Willow chip application increased soil aggregation, respiration, C and N contents in whole soil, and plant-available K. On plante l’osier blanc (Salix viminalis spp.) le long des berges ainsi que sur les terres agricoles sujettes à l’érosion ou peu rentables. Des copeaux de bois tirés de la biomasse ligneuse pourraient améliorer les propriétés des sols à texture légère pauvres en matière organique, comme ceux servant à la culture de la pomme de terre. Les auteurs ont appliqué un amendement correspondant à 0, 20, 40 ou 60 Mg (poids frais) de copeaux d’osier par hectare. Douze mois plus tard, ils ont évalué la vitalité du sol puis, au bout de dix-huit mois, la teneur en C et en N du sol complet ainsi que les fractions de matière organique associées aux particules et aux minéraux. Les copeaux d’osier améliorent l’agrégation et la respiration du sol, la concentration de C et de N dans le sol complet, de même que le K assimilable par les plantes. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
A direct measurement of the high-mass end of the velocity dispersion function at z ∼ 0.55 from SDSS-III/BOSS

We report the first direct spectroscopic measurement of the velocity dispersion function (VDF) for the high-mass red sequence (RS) galaxy population at redshift $z\sim0.55$. We achieve high precision by using a sample of 600,000 massive galaxies with spectra from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the third Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III), covering stellar masses $M_*\gtrsim10^{11}~M_{\odot}$. We determine the VDF by projecting the joint probability-density function (PDF) of luminosity $L$ and velocity dispersion $\sigma$, i.e. $p(L,\sigma)$, defined by our previous measurements of the RS luminosity function and $L-\sigma$ relation for this sample. These measurements were corrected from red--blue galaxy population confusion, photometric blurring, incompleteness and selection effects within a forward-modeling framework that furthermore correctly accommodates the low spectroscopic signal-to-noise ratio of individual BOSS spectra. Our $z\sim0.55$ RS VDF is in overall agreement with the $z\sim0$ early-type galaxy (ETG) VDF at $\log_{10}\sigma\gtrsim2.47$, however the number density of $z=0.55$ RS galaxies that we report is larger than that of $z=0$ ETG galaxies at $2.35\gtrsim\log_{10}\sigma\gtrsim 2.47$. The extrapolation of an intermediate-mass L-$\sigma$ relation towards the high-mass end in previous low-z works may be responsible for this disagreement. Evolutionary interpretation of this comparison is also subject to differences in the way the respective samples are selected; these differences can be mitigated in future work by analyzing $z=0$ SDSS data using the same framework presented in this paper. We also provide the sample PDF for the RS population (i.e. uncorrected for incompleteness), which is a key ingredient for gravitational lensing analyses using BOSS.
Gap Analysis between Potential and Budgeted Entertainment Tax Revenues in Local Government

Research aims: This study seeks to explain factors causing a significant gap between the potential and budgeted entertainment tax revenues in Wonosobo Regency Government.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study used a qualitative research approach with a case study method. The data were obtained through in-depth interviews and document content analysis.Research findings: This study uncovered that factors causing the gap between potential and budgeted entertainment tax revenues comprised the legislature's waiver to discuss the entertainment tax revenues budget intensively and in detail, executive opportunism behavior, and information asymmetry between the executive and the legislature. This study also found the phenomenon of incremental budgeting in determining the entertainment tax revenues budget.Practical and Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study provides a practical contribution for stakeholders to improve local revenue budgeting policies and offers an academic contribution as a scholarly reference regarding the opportunistic behavior of agents in setting revenue budgets, especially for small-in-size tax, for public organizations.
A z = 5.34 Galaxy Pair in the Hubble Deep Field

The system as a whole is slightly brighter than L relative to the z ∼ 3 Lyman break population, and the total star formation rate inferred from the UV continuum is ≈22 h M☉ yr-1 (q0 = 0.5) assuming the absence of dust extinction. The two individual galaxies are quite small (size scales ≲1 h kpc). Thus these galaxies superficially resemble the "building blocks" of Pascarelle and coworkers; if they comprise a gravitationally bound system, the pair will likely merge in a timescale ∼100 Myr.
Competitive Racing in Virtual Cycling—Is It Possible, Realistic, and Fair?

Competitive racing through virtual cycling has established itself as an entirely new discipline within cycling. This study explores what equipment racers use and examines important power metrics for racing. Data were collected from three different races from the current ranking of the most highly regulated and professionally organized race series on the virtual cycling platform Zwift. Power output data from 116 race participants, over five power durations (5 s–20 min), and two separate power measuring sources were collected and analyzed using the Bland–Altman method. The findings indicate that the physiological efforts of these races are comparable to those found in traditional competitive cycling. Furthermore, findings also support that the equipment typically used produces similar power outputs with good agreement between different power meters for most measurement points. Finally, the implications of these results for the status of virtual racing are discussed.
he effect of farming density on the growth of common carp Cyprinus carpioL.1758raised in floating cages in the Thi-Qar province of the Euphrates River using Iranian feed.

From 18/10/2021 to 18/3/2022, samples were collected from private farms to cultivate fish in floating cages on the Euphrates River. Finally, different densities were studied to obtain the best farming density, in which three densities were used (63-43-23 fish/m3) by several 500 fish for the first process, 1000 fish for the second process, and 1500 fish for the third process, with a weighted rate of 100-120 gm, as a result, an originally Iranian feed was used for all three processes. The results of statistical analysis revealed that there are abstract differences (p0.05) in total weight gain, with the first process outperforming the rest of the process (130.0 gm/fish), followed by the second process (90.0 gm/fish). As well as the third process (75.0 gm/fish). Furthermore, the relative growth rate recorded when performing the statistical analysis that there are abstract differences (p0.05), in that the first process outperformed the second and third processes, with the first process outperforming the second (2.67 percent), the second (2.09 percent), and the third process outperforming the first (2.67 percent) (1.81 percent ). Because of the existence of abstract differences in the relative growth rate between the experiment months, the first process outperformed both the second and third processes. The first process has the highest relative growth rate (130.0 gm/fish), the second process has the highest relative growth rate (90.0 gm/fish), and the third process has the highest relative growth rate (75.0 gm/fish). Statistical analysis of the food conversion rate and food conversion efficiency revealed that there are abstract differences (p0.05) during the experiment months. So the food conversion rate recorded in the first process outperformed the second and third processes, and the highest food conversion rate was recorded for the first process (32.7 feed/gm), followed by the second process (22.5 feed/gm), and finally the third process (15.0 feed/gm). However, the food conversion efficiency demonstrated that the third process outperformed the first and second processes, while the second process outperformed the first. Furthermore, the food conversion efficiency values for the third process (12.5 percent), the second process (10.0 percent), and the first process (10.0 percent) are shown (7.22 percent ).
Dirac equation for strings

Starting with a Nambu-Goto action, a Dirac-like equation can be constructed by taking the square-root of the momentum constraint. The eigenvalues of the resulting Hamiltonian are real and correspond to masses of the excited string. In particular there are no tachyons. A special case of radial oscillations of a closed string in Minkowski space-time admits exact solutions in terms of wave functions of the harmonic oscillator.
Angular momentum redistribution by SASI spiral modes and consequences for neutron star spins

In the collapsing core of massive stars, the standing accretion shock instability (SASI) can drive spiral modes that efficiently redistribute angular momentum. This process can impart a spin to the forming neutron star even when the progenitor star is nonrotating. Here we develop the first analytical description of the angular momentum redistribution driven by a spiral mode of the SASI. Our analysis, valid in the limit of small mode amplitude, shows that the angular momentum separation is driven by the Reynolds stress generated by the spiral mode. The resulting solutions compare favorably with previous three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the SASI in the linear and weakly non-linear phases. Reasonable agreement is also found when extrapolating the solutions into the fully non-linear phase. A Reynolds-decomposition of the flow is performed in the saturated state of these simulations, showing that outward angular momentum transport by the Reynolds stress and the fluctuating component of the mass flux balance inward transport by advection. We derive an approximate analytic expression for the maximum angular momentum deposited in the neutron star as a function of the mass accretion rate, shock radius, shock compression ratio, and amplitude of the spiral mode at the time of explosion. Implications for the birth spin periods of neutron stars are discussed.