Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for improving impact evaluation of weed biocontrol.

INTRODUCTION Evaluating the success of weed biological control (hereafter referred to as biocontrol) programs is essential to justify continued investment and improve efficiency and effectiveness of future programs. Impact assessments of biocontrol agents however, have not been systematically undertaken for many programs, often due to inadequate resources and funding (Syrett et al. 2000). Although confirming establishment of an agent is a crucial milestone for any program, it cannot, by itself be used as a measure of program success. Genuine evaluation of biocontrol programs can only be achieved by measuring long-term impacts of the agents on weed populations and associated natural or agricultural ecosystems (Syrett et al. 2000). Unfortunately, past research has often only focused on assessing damage on individual plants of the target weed (Thomas and Reid 2007). Considering the goal of most programs is to reduce the impact of the weed, it is vitally important to evaluate if biocontrol leads to long-term reductions in weed populations and the recovery of agricultural yields, desirable plant species and/or ecosystem function. There are many ways to evaluate a biocontrol program including both preand post-release studies and using a range of ecological, economic and social indicators (Syrett et al. 2000). Long-term post-release evaluation is generally necessary to demonstrate impact of agents on the target weed, against a background of environmental and temporal variability (McClay 1995). In this paper, we outline the steps that should be considered when implementing impact evaluation studies and the pros and cons of various methods for evaluating post-release impact of biocontrol agents. Guidelines for improving impact evaluation of weed biocontrol
Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems Survey on Anomaly Detection using Data Mining Techniques

In the present world huge amounts of data are stored and transferred from one location to another. The data when transferred or stored is primed exposed to attack. Although various techniques or applications are available to protect data, loopholes exist. Thus to analyze data and to determine various kind of attack data mining techniques have emerged to make it less vulnerable. Anomaly detection uses these data mining techniques to detect the surprising behaviour hidden within data increasing the chances of being intruded or attacked. Various hybrid approaches have also been made in order to detect known and unknown attacks more accurately. This paper reviews various data mining techniques for anomaly detection to provide better understanding among the existing techniques that may help interested researchers to work future in this direction. © 2015 Shikha Agrawal & Jitendra Agrawal , Published by Elsevier B.V.
Hollow Core Inhibited Coupling Fibers for Biological Optical Sensing

In this paper, we report how tube lattice hollow-core fibers can be successfully used to build sensors for molecule detection. The inner silica surface of the fiber is functionalized and coated with a probe layer, which permits to bond only with a particular molecule (the target). When the fiber is infiltrated with a solution containing the target, an additional layer is created on the silica surface, causing a redshift of the fiber transmission spectrum. The technique does not require any additional transducer component, such as Bragg gratings, amplifying techniques, such as nano-particles, nor coherent sources. It simply consists of the measurement of the transmission spectrum of a piece of fiber some tens of centimeters long. The principle is validated with experimental results showing the detection of the streptavidin protein. A solution containing streptavidin was flowed through the hollow core of the fiber coated with biotin. The measurement of the transmitted spectrum before and after the infiltration showed the presence of a few nanometer thick bio-layer.
Influence of mass and charge disorder on the phonon thermal conductivity of entropy stabilized oxides determined by molecular dynamics simulations

It is shown using classical molecular dynamics simulations that phonon scattering from disorder in the interatomic forces introduced by charge transfer and not from mass disorder is needed to explain the thermal conductivity reduction experimentally measured that accompanies the addition of a sixth cation to the entropy stabilized oxide J14 [(Mg0.1Co0.1Ni0.1Cu0.1Zn0.1)O0.5]. The simulations were performed on five entropy-stabilized oxides, J14, and J14 plus Sc, Sn, Cr, or Ge in equi-molar cation proportions. Comparing the simulation results to predictions from the Bridgman equation using properties from the simulations suggests that despite phonon scattering from disorder in both atomic forces and mass, the thermal conductivity for these systems is still above an analytical limit for an amorphous structure.It is shown using classical molecular dynamics simulations that phonon scattering from disorder in the interatomic forces introduced by charge transfer and not from mass disorder is needed to explain the thermal conductivity reduction experimentally measured that accompanies the addition of a sixth cation to the entropy stabilized oxide J14 [(Mg0.1Co0.1Ni0.1Cu0.1Zn0.1)O0.5]. The simulations were performed on five entropy-stabilized oxides, J14, and J14 plus Sc, Sn, Cr, or Ge in equi-molar cation proportions. Comparing the simulation results to predictions from the Bridgman equation using properties from the simulations suggests that despite phonon scattering from disorder in both atomic forces and mass, the thermal conductivity for these systems is still above an analytical limit for an amorphous structure.
Collinear laser spectroscopy at ion-trap accuracy: Transition frequencies and isotope shifts in the 
6s2S1/2→6p2P1/2,3/2
 transitions in 
Ba+

The rest-frame transition frequencies of the 6s2S1/2→6p2P1/2 (D1) and 6s2S1/2→6p2P3/2 (D2) lines in the stable isotopes of Ba+ were measured with an accuracy better than 200kHz through (quasi)simultaneous collinear and anticollinear laser spectroscopy, leading to an improvement in the accuracy of the isotope shifts by more than an order of magnitude compared to previous data. The ratio of the field-shift constants in the D1, D2 fine-structure doublet has been determined to f=1.0186(9) through a King plot analysis. These collinear laser spectroscopy measurements have reached an accuracy comparable to ion-trap measurements on allowed dipole transitions. Our result provides an accurate benchmark for atomic many-body calculations and is compared to pure Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations and to elaborate multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock calculations. The influence of correlation effects and the Breit interaction on the isotope shift in Ba+ are discussed.
Eksistensi Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menegah Sebagai Penopang Industri Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Bali

The new phenomenal existence of Micro, small and medium enterprise (MSMEs) in Indonesian economy felt the impact of the global economic crisis of 2007. MSMEs have been proven to be capable of surviving an economic crisis, however the indonesian government has paid little attention to the continuity of the existence of MSMEs in domestic and global market. Even the existence of MSMEs is diminishing with the tight compettition domestically and globally. The main objective of the research is to ascertain wether the efectiveness of the law grants the necessary legal protections of MSMEs. and to give input to central and local government regarding the existence and legal protections of MSMEs in doing buisness in the local, national and international settings. This research was conducted using juridical empirical method based on the application of triangulation, using observation and interview to obtain qualitative data, questionaires and semi structured interviews for quantitative data and documentary. The research location were Bandung and Gianyar Regency determined by the area were the MSMEs industries of gold silver acsesories and weave are centered. The result of this research have been descriptively analysed. Based on surveys and the analysis of data, it was concluded that there is no single definition of MSMEs, no single institution that deal with MSMEs; laws and regulations innefective; the legal protections, empowerments and development of MSMEs in Indonesia, especially in Bali, is not optimal not a bottom up, incompatible with the needs of MSMEs.
Long-term prognosis of diabetic patients with myocardial infarction: relation to antidiabetic treatment regimen

Aims The present study was performed to evaluate pre-admission history, presentation, initial treatment and long-term mortality in patients with myocardial infarction and diabetes. Methods and Results Between 1990 and 1992, 6676 patients with acute myocardial infarction were screened for entry into the Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) study. In this cohort 719 (11%) of the patients had a history of diabetes. Among the diabetic patients 19% were treated with insulin, 52% with oral hypoglycaemic agents and 29% with diet only. The diabetic patients were slightly older, more likely to be female and had a higher prevalence of known cardiovascular disease. Even though the diabetic patients had the same frequency of ST-segment elevation on the electrocardiogram and the same admission delay, treatment with thrombolysis and aspirin was less frequently prescribed to the diabetic patients than to patients without diabetes. The mortality rate was significantly increased in the diabetic patients, 7-year mortality being 79% in insulintreated, 73% in tablet-treated and 62% in diet-treated diabetic patients compared with 46% in patients without diabetes. In a multivariate analysis only diabetic patients treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents or with insulin had an increased mortality compared with non-diabetic patients. Conclusions Patients with diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction are treated with thrombolysis to a lesser extent than non-diabetic patients. Diabetic patients treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents or insulin, but not those treated with diet alone, have a significantly increased mortality following acute myocardial infarction compared with non-diabetic patients.
Discretisation of continuous-time stochastic optimal control problems with delay

In the present work, we study discretisation schemes for continuous-time stochastic optimal control problems with time delay. The dynamics of the control problems to be approximated are described by controlled stochastic delay (or functional) differential equations. The value functions associated with such control problems are defined on an infinite-dimensional function space. The discretisation schemes studied are obtained by replacing the original control problem by a sequence of approximating discrete-time Markovian control problems with finite or finite-dimensional state space. Such a scheme is convergent if the value functions associated with the approximating control problems converge to the value function of the original problem. Following a general method for the discretisation of continuous-time control problems, sufficient conditions for the convergence of discretisation schemes for a class of stochastic optimal control problems with delay are derived. The general method itself is cast in a formal framework. A semi-discretisation scheme for a second class of stochastic optimal control problems with delay is proposed. Under standard assumptions, convergence of the scheme as well as uniform upper bounds on the discretisation error are obtained. The question of how to numerically solve the resulting discrete-time finite-dimensional control problems is also addressed.
A Study of Antarctic Remote Site Automatic Weather Station Data (1980-81) from the Ross Ice Shelf Area.

The third generation of the Antarctic remote-site Automatic Weather Stations (AWS2B) was installed at various locations during Austral summer 1979/80. The quality and quantity of surface pressure, wind (speed and direction) and temperature data show a marked improvement over that of the earlier AWS platforms (1976-80) examined by personnel at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California. Statistical processing of data from February 1980 to December 1981 was done in order to contribute to a base climatology for AWS sites and to investigate possible operational applications of the data to the United States Antarctic mission. Comparisons were made between synoptic reports collected at McMurdo , Antarctica and the data obtained from the surrounding AWS2B stations.
Marine ecosystem model analysis using data assimilation

Numerical modelling of the marine ecosystem requires the aggregation of diverse chemical and biological species into broad categories. To avoid large bias errors it is preferable to resolve as many explicit state variables and processes as possible. The cost of this increased complexity is greater uncertainty in model parameters and output. When comparing models, the importance of quantifying both bias error and the variability of unconstrained solutions was revealed as two marine ecosystem models were calibrated to data. Results demonstrated that all prior parameter information must include realistic error estimates if model uncertainty is to be quantied. Five simple ecosystem models were calibrated to observations from two North Atlantic sites; the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) and the North Atlantic Bloom Experiment (NABE). Model-data mists were reduced by between 45 and 50%. The addition of model complexity (a parameterised microbial loop, a variable chlorophyll a to nitrogen ratio and dissolved organic nitrogen) led to larger improvements in model performance at BATS relative to NABE. Calibrated parameter values developed at NABE performed better than the default parameter values when applied at BATS. Solutions developed at BATS performed worse than the default values at NABE. The models lacked sufficient ecological complexity to function well at BATS. Errors in the model were masked by errors in the calibrated parameters and the models did not perform well with regard to independent data. The models were well suited to reproducing the NABE data, and the calibrated models performed relatively well at BATS. The models were sensitive to the underlying physical forcing. Although the ecosystem models were originally calibrated within a poor representation of the physical environment at BATS, results from experiments using an improved physical model support the conclusion that the ecosystem models lacked the required complexity at that site.
Head Start Children, Families, and Programs: Present and Past Data from FACES. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Using data from the Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES), this report for the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services provides a portrait of children entering Head Start for the first time in fall 2009, as well as of their family backgrounds, and the classrooms and programs that serve them. The report also offers comparisons across the past decade of the Head Start program to delineate trends and changes in the population served and the services provided.
Shifting burdens : gender and agrarian change under neoliberalism

1. Introduction: Gendered Pathways of Agrarian Change Shahra Razavi 2. Gender and the Expansion of Non-traditional Agricultural Exports in Uganda Deborah Kasente, Matthew Lockwood, Jessica Vivian and Ann Whitehead 3. Land Reform and the Empowerment of Rural Women in Post-Apartheid South Africa Cherryl Walker 4. 'Leaving the Rice Fields, but not the Countryside"' Gender, Livelihoods Diversification and Pro-Poor Growth in Rural Viet Nam Naila Kabeer and Tran Thi Van Anh 5. Impact of Microfinance Programs on Poverty and Gender Equality: Some Evidence from Indian NGOs D. Rajasekhar 6. 'From Where Have all the Flowers Come? ' Women Workers in Mexico's Non-traditional Markets Kirsten Appendini 7. Making a Difference? Gender and Participatory Development, Andrea Cornwall Bibliography Index
A qualitative study of barriers to consistent condom use among HIV-1 serodiscordant couples in Kenya

Abstract This study explored barriers to consistent condom use among heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples who were aware of the HIV-1 serodiscordant status and had been informed about condom use as a risk reduction strategy. We conducted 28 in-depth interviews and 9 focus group discussions among purposively selected heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples from Thika and Nairobi districts in Kenya. We analyzed the transcribed data with a grounded theory approach. The most common barriers to consistent condom use included male partners' reluctance to use condoms regardless of HIV-1 status coupled with female partners' inability to negotiate condom use, misconceptions about HIV-1 serodiscordance, and desire for children. Specific areas of focus should include development of skills for women to effectively negotiate condom use, ongoing information on HIV-1 serodiscordance and education on safer conception practices that minimize risk of HIV-1 transmission.
Innovative Issues and Approaches in Social Sciences ( IIASS )

ing and Indexing services COBISS, International Political Science Abstracts, CSA Worldwide Political Science Abstracts, CSA Sociological Abstracts, PAIS International. Publication Data: SIdip – Slovenian Association for Innovative Political Science (Slovensko društvo za inovativno politologijo) Innovative issues and approaches in social sciences, 2012, vol. 5, no. 3 ISSN 1855-0541 Additional information available on: www.iiass. com Innovative Issues and Approaches in Social Sciences, Vol. 5, No. 3 | 152 ART EXPRESSION OF IDENTICAL TWINS Matjaž Duh, Lucija Gosak
Effect of sowing density on yield and profitability of a hybrid corn under tropical conditions

A high sowing density in maize is a widely used management practice for increasing crop yield; this method increases intraspecific competition for solar radiation, nutrients and water, so yield per plant is reduced, but a greater number of plants is harvested. However, different corn hybrids present a differential behavior because some are tolerant and some are susceptible to this condition, as determined by their plasticity in adjusting their morphology and phenology. The aim of this study was to identify the optimum sowing density, in technical and economic terms, of a new hybrid corn named 30K73 YG RRFlex since no information is available for tropical conditions. This study was carried out in the province of Tolima, municipality of Valle de San Juan, Colombia, using a completely randomized block design in divided plots; five sowing densities determined by six spatial arrangements, two distances between rows (0.7 and 0.8 m) and three numbers of plants per linear meter (7, 8 and 9) were assessed. The treatments did not generate a nitrogen deficiency in the plants, and the evaluated hybrid developed morphological adjustments at the leaf level in order to maintain constant solar radiation interception. For yield, there were no significant variations, so the yield was similar for all of the evaluated treatments. The best treatment was 87,500 plants ha-1, with a yield of 9,916.66 ± 1,078 kg ha-1 and a profitability of 58%.
Satisfied Workers, Retained Workers: Effects of Work and Work Environment on Homecare Workers' Job Satisfaction, Stress, Physical Health, and Retention

The goal of this project was to assist health system managers and policy makers develop policies and strategies to recruit and retain human resources in the homecare sector and have a satisfied, healthy workforce. The overall research question was: How do the work characteristics of homecare workers and the work environment in homecare contribute to job satisfaction, stress, physical health, and retention? The research is designed as a mixed-method approach with both qualitative and quantitative data. Results showed that restructuring and organizational change in the homecare sector has contributed to both mental and physical health problems (including job stress and musculoskeletal disorders), job dissatisfaction, and retention problems. Factors that contribute to higher levels of satisfaction and the propensity to stay with the organization include organizational and peer support, working one-on-one with clients, doing emotional labour (that is, the work involved in dealing with other people’s feelings), and satisfaction with schedules, pay, and benefits. This study also examined the association between job flexibility and job insecurity and self-reported musculoskeletal disorders and found no relationship between these variables and musculoskeletal disorders.
Impacts of urban versus agricultural landcover on spatial distributions and trophic interactions among specialist insects

Impacts of urban versus agricultural landcover on spatial distributions and trophic interactions among specialist insects. has been approved by the Examining Committee for the thesis requirement for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Biology at the May 2015 graduation. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my husband, Dale Nelson, and my parents, James and Bonnie Lynam, for their continued and enthusiastic support. I am sincerely grateful to my advisor, Dr. Andrew Forbes, for being an outstanding mentor and fostering my growth as a scientist. I wish to thank Dr. Stephen Hendrix and Dr. Maurine Neiman both for their excellent mentoring influence in the areas of research and teaching. I want to thank my all my committee members, including George Malanson, Dale Zimmerman, and Bryant McAllister, for guidance, support, and valuable feedback. I want to thank my fellow Forbes Lab graduate students for years of awesome support and stimulating discussion: County landowners and their overwhelmingly positives attitudes about ecological research being carried out in public spaces and in the backyards of private citizens. iv SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT In the Midwestern US, forested and other woody plant habitats are embedded in a matrix of agricultural and urban landcover that alters configurations of " natural " habitats and creates novel habitat types. Variation in the type and juxtaposition of landcover in the matrix between habitats can profoundly impact the spatial and temporal distributions of insects. Intense urban and agricultural development alters habitats, increases fragmentation, and may decouple trophic interactions if plants or animals cannot disperse to needed resources. Specialist insects represent a substantial proportion of global biodiversity and their fidelity to discrete microhabitats provides a powerful framework for investigating organismal responses to human land use. Specialist herbivores and parasitoids that depend on discrete plant habitats simplify assessment of how trophic interactions, local demographic traits, and dispersal processes affect responses to landcover heterogeneity. Herbivore responses to landcover change are highly idiosyncratic and not well characterized. Parasitoid wasps are predicted to be more prone than their herbivore hosts to local extinction in response to increased habitat fragmentation, but often respond differently to similar landcover contexts. Understanding and predicting idiosyncratic spatial population dynamics of simple host-parasitoid communities and other insect systems requires integration of metacommunity-level ecological paradigms with spatial analyses across multiple spatial scales. We sampled site occupancy and densities for two plant-herbivore-parasitoid systems from 250 sites across a 360 km 2 urban/ agricultural landscape across …