Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Productivity and Pod Quality of Pea as Affected by some Growth Promoters under Early Summer Plantation

A field experiment was carried out during the two successive early summer growing seasons of 2018 and 2019 at the Experimental Farm of El- Gemmeiza Agric. Res. Station, Gharbeya Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of foliar spray with three substances, i.e., Vitamin E (Vit.E) at 150 ppm, super Vigro –X at 1ml/L, salicylic acid (SA) at 150 ppm individually, or in combinations on plant growth, biochemical traits, pods yield and its quality of pea cv. Master B grown in clay soil. The results indicated that, spraying pea plants with Vit. E + super Vigor-X + SA three times at 20, 30 and 40 days after sowing gave the highest values of plant height , both number of leaves and branches/ plant , total dry weight/ plant , leaf chlorophyll pigments , N,P and K percentage in shoot, yield and its components and the best pod quality of pea and gave the lowest concentrations of proline amino acid and oxidase enzyme activity in shoots. Moreover, this treatment recorded increasing in total yield about 63.8 % (average two seasons) than control (unsprayed) plants Meanwhile, spraying plants with super Vigor-x +SA treatment came in the second rank in this respect.
The role of European welfare states in intergenerational money transfers: a micro-level perspective

ABSTRACT This article uses a comprehensive theoretical framework to explain why parents send money to particular children, and examines whether intergenerational solidarity is shaped by spending on various welfare domains or provisions as a percentage of gross domestic product. The theoretical model at the level of parents and children distinguishes parental resources and children's needs as the factors most likely to influence intergenerational money transfers. Differences in state spending on various welfare domains are then used to hypothesise in which countries children with specific needs are most likely to receive a transfer. For parents we hypothesise in which countries parents with specific available resources are most likely to send a transfer. We use data from the first wave of the Survey of Health and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to analyse the influence of welfare-state provisions on the likelihood of intergenerational transfers in ten European countries. The results indicate that, in line with our expectations, the likelihood of a transfer being made is the outcome of an intricate resolution of the resources (ability) of the parents and the needs of a child. Rather large differences between countries in money transfers were found. The results suggest that, at least with reference to cross-generational money transfers, no consistent differences by welfare state regime were found.
Genome Instability In Fruit Body Derived Lines Generated From Fruiting Pfle Somatic Hybrid Lines And Development Of Hybrid Strain Specific Scar Marker In Edible Mushroom

Abstract Six fruit body derived lines (pfle FB) generated from six fruiting pfle somatic hybrid mushroom lines showed genetic diversity analysed by fruit body morphology and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Stipe length, pelius diameter and bioefficiency % (BE%) of all the strains showed variations between each other with respect to Pleurotus florida parent. Hybrid pfle 1v and pfle 1q showed the highest value of stipe length and pelius diameter, respectively, compared with parent P. florida. Four ISSR primers amplified a total of 47 reproducible fragments with 82.9% polymorphism in which primer ISSR-03 produced the highest number of amplicons. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) based dendrogram exhibited two major groups in which hybrids pfle 1r and pfle 1q showed genetical closeness to parents P. florida and Lentinula edodes, respectively. Tissue culture generated line from fruit body of pfle 1r hybrid showed maximum BE% compared with the other hybrids and P. florida parent. For identification of this line, a pair of hybrid strain-specific SCAR marker (RFB2F and RFB2R) was developed based on an unique 813 bp RAPD amplicon.
Dealigned or Still Salient? Religious‐Secular Divisions in Chilean Presidential Elections

Recent studies have raised questions regarding the salience of religion in Chilean elections. In addition to secularisation reducing the number of adherents and the rise of issues competing with the religious-secular cleavage, recent evidence shows that the impact of religion on voters’ ideological orientations has weakened. Contrary to arguments suggesting the religious-secular cleavage has experienced dealignment, analysis of voting behaviour in recent presidential elections shows that significant religious-secular divisions persist: in three of the four most recent elections, religious voters have sided with the main candidate of the right significantly more than have secular voters.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Human Papilloma Virus amongst Females in Developing Countries

This review will critique various literature pertaining to the knowledge, attitude, and practices on Human Papillomavirus (HPV) amongst participants in certain developing countries. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection, which also leads to about 99% of cervical cancer cases in women [1]. This paper will explore studies conducted in developing countries on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) towards human papillomavirus. A knowledge, attitude, and practices survey seeks to determine a target population’s perception towards a particular issue [2]. By critiquing these articles, I hope to show the knowledge gap with respect to HPV and eventually develop an intervention plan in the future to address these issues.
Assessment of Trace Metals in Groundwater Sources Used for Drinking Purposes in Riyadh Region

Assessment of trace metals in ground water used for drinking purposes in Riyadh region in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia was carried out. Samples were collected from 200 wells supplying drinking water to the inhabitants in the region. All samples were analyzed for 17 trace and macro elements (Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Mo, Ag, Hg,V and Zn) using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) spectrophotometer equipped with an ultrasonic nebulizer. The minimum and maximum trace metals concentrations in different areas for Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Hg, V and Zn ranged between 9.31- 529.33, ND- 11.0, 9.23- 864.33, ND- 3.00, ND- 4.00, ND- 30.00, ND- 226.60, ND- 9585.00, ND- 720.00, ND- 38.00, ND- 33.60, ND- 140.00, ND- 126.00, ND- 13.50 and ND- 1422.0 µg/L respectively. Silver (Ag) and Molybdenum (Mo) were also analyzed but were found not detectable (ND) in all samples. The results indicated the presence of iron in all sampled wells. Its concentrations exceeded the maximum contaminant level (MCL) in 46.5% of the samples. Manganese, Al, Se, Ba and Hg exceeded the MCL in 18.0, 2.5, 8.5, 0.5 and 19.5% of the total samples respectively. It is recommended that an adequate and suitable treatment must be applied to the wells having elevated concentrations of the metals and supplying drinking water to the consumers.
An Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous carbonate platform from the Vâlcan Mountains (Southern Carpathians, Romania): paleoenvironmental interpretation

An Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous carbonate platform from the Vâlcan Mountains (Southern Carpathians, Romania): paleoenvironmental interpretation The results of a biostratigraphic and sedimentological study of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous limestones cropping out in the southern sector of the Vâlcan Mountains in Romania are presented, including the definition of microfacies types, fossil assemblages and environmental interpretation. Six microfacies types (MFT 1-MFT 6) have been identified, each of them pointing to a specific depositional environment. The deposits are characteristic of a shallow carbonate platform. They contain normal marine or restricted marine facies deposited in low or high energy environments from the inner, middle and outer platform. The age attribution of these deposits (Late Jurassic to Berriasian-Valanginian-? Hauterivian, and Barremian) is based on foraminiferal and calcareous algae associations. The micropaleontological assemblage is exceptionally rich in the Vâlcan Mountains and brings new arguments for dating the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous limestones in this area.
Teachers’ 21st-Century Skills: How do Saudi EFL Students Evaluate their Use?

This descriptive research method design explored how Saudi EFL female students value their teachers’ use of 21st Century Skills and how these skills improve their language skills. Two closed-item questionnaires were designed for two data collection phases and distributed to EFL female students in the Preparatory Year Programme (PYP) at Taibah University, Saudi Arabia: 548 students in phase one and 226 in phase two. The results revealed that the participants valued their teachers’ 21st Century skills very positively, ranking all items in the questionnaire ―excellent‖. Moreover, the results indicated that ―life and career‖ skill set and its sub-dimension ―social and cross-cultural skills‖ obtained the highest mean scores. The results emphasized the improvement of students’ language skills, particularly vocabulary and speaking skills, that contributed was to EFL teachers’ implementation of 21st Century skills.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES STATE DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF MONETARY POLICY: THE REFINANCING CHANNEL

This paper studies how the impact of monetary policy depends on the distribution of savings from refinancing mortgages. We show that the efficacy of monetary policy is state dependent, varying in a systematic way with the pool of potential savings from refinancing. We construct a quantitative dynamic lifecycle model that accounts for our findings and use it to study how the response of consumption to a change in mortgage rates depends on the distribution of savings from refinancing. These effects are strongly state dependent. We also use the model to study the impact of a long period of low interest rates on the potency of monetary policy. We find that this potency is substantially reduced both during the period and for a substantial amount of time after interest rates renormalize. Martin Eichenbaum Department of Economics Northwestern University 2003 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60208 and NBER eich@northwestern.edu Sergio Rebelo Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management Department of Finance Leverone Hall Evanston, IL 60208-2001 and CEPR and also NBER s-rebelo@northwestern.edu Arlene Wong Department of Economics Princeton University 192A Julis Romo Rabinowitz Building Princeton, NJ 08544 and NBER arlenewong@princeton.edu
Comparison of the Effects of Barefoot, Kinesio Tape, and Dynamic Tape on Static and Dynamic Balance in Subjects With Asymptomatic Flexible

Background: Flat-footed persons with collapsed medial longitudinal arch lose flexibility after skeletal maturity, resulting in several deformities and soft tissue injuries. Although arch support taping is usually applied in the clinic to support the collapsed arch, research on the use of different types of tape for more efficient arch support in flat-footed persons is lacking. Objects: The purpose of this study was to examine three conditions (barefoot, kinesio tape, and dynamic tape) and compare their effects on static and dynamic balance in persons with asymptomatic flexible flatfoot. Methods: Twenty-two subjects (9 females and 13 males) with asymptomatic flexible flatfoot participated in this study. The subjects performed the Y-balance test to measure the composite reach score. The subjects also performed a 30-second standing test to measure the center of pressure (COP) path length and a walking test to measure anteroposterior and lateral variability using the Zebris FDM system. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance compared the three conditions applied to the subjects’ feet for each balance variable. Results: The composite reach score significantly increased following the application of dynamic tape compared with barefoot and that of kinesio tape compared with barefoot. There was no significant difference in the COP path length during standing among the three conditions. Anteroposterior and lateral variability during walking significantly with dynamic tape application compared with barefoot. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that, in persons with asymptomatic flexible flatfoot, application of kinesio tape and dynamic tape may be effective in increasing the composite reach score in Y-balance test, whereas application of dynamic tape may be effective in reducing anteroposterior and lateral variability during walking.
GAMBARAN BALITA STUNTING BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK DEMOGRAFI IBU DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PUNDONG BANTUL YOGYAKARTA

Background: Stunting is still a children’s nutrition problem at this time. The percentage of cases of stunting children’s is increasing. Stunting can affect children in the long run, that is, disrupt health, education and productivity in the future. Maternal demographic factors are thought to be a factor that plays a role in the occurrence of stunting children. Purpose: provide an overview and discussion of stunting based on maternal demographic characteristics. Method: This research is a non-experimental research with an observational descriptive approach. Data was collected using a demographic characteristics questionnaire. The sample in this study was 90 stunting toddlers in the working area of the Pundong Community Health Center, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The sampling technique in this study uses simple random sampling. Data analysis uses percentage formulas Results: in stunting toddlers, the majority of maternal’s aged less than 30 years were 52 people (58%), the majority of maternal’s' education was low education (junior high school and elemtary school) which was 60 people (66%), the number of family members was more than 4 people were as many as 64 respondents (66.7%), the majority of mother who did not work were 52 people (57.8%), had incomes that were less than district minimum wage, which were 63 people (70%). Conclusion: there are several parental demographic factors that have a role in the occurrence of stunting under five, such as: maternal’s age, level of education, number of family members, employment status, and family income.
Immunodiagnostic potential of a 27 kDa protein of Fusarium xylarioides, the cause of coffee wilt disease in Robusta coffee in Uganda

Several Fusarium species infect Robusta coffee; these Fusarium xylarioides Steyaert ( Gibberella xylarioides Heim and Saccas) are the most virulent and responsible for the destructive Robusta coffee wilt disease in Uganda. To date, F. xylarioides has not been isolated directly from soil, though the pathogen can persist in soil for a short time. In this study, a promising diagnostic target which can be developed into a serological test for F . xylarioides in coffee plants and soil has been identified and validated for identification. Water-soluble extracts of mycelia from six Fusaruim species were resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The different protein profiles from the other five Fusarium species were compared and contrasted with that of F. xylarioides . Protein bands that appeared peculiar to F. xylarioides were cut and injected into rabbits to produce polyclonal antibodies. Dot blot and Western blot analyses showed one immunodominant antigen (27 kDa) common to all F. xylarioides isolates analyzed. No cross-reactivity of anti-27 kDa antibodies were observed in the entire test Fusarium species. The results suggest that polyclonal antibodies raised against the endoantigens from F. xylarioides of 27 kDa, is a promising tool for the rapid, sensitive, and accurate detection of pathogen in soil and plant parts. Keywords: Gibberella xylarioides , coffee wilt disease, antigen, antibodies, Uganda. African Journal of Biotechnology , Vol 13(29) 2922-2929
Stochastic Modelling of Turbulent Flows for Numerical Simulations

Numerical simulations are a powerful tool to investigate turbulent flows, both for theoretical studies and practical applications. The reliability of a simulation is mainly dependent on the turbulence model adopted, and improving its accuracy is a crucial issue. In this study, we investigated the potential for an alternative formulation of the Navier–Stokes equations, based on the stochastic representation of the velocity field. The new approach, named pseudo-stochastic simulation (PSS), is a generalisation of the widespread classical eddy–viscosity model, where the contribution of the unresolved scales of motion is expressed by a variance tensor, modelled following different paradigms. The PSS models were compared with the classical ones mathematically and numerically in the turbulent channel flow at R e τ = 590 . The PSS and the classical models are equivalent when the variance tensor is shaped through a molecular dissipation analogy, while it is more accurate when the tensor is defined by the way of a local variance model. A near-wall damping function derived from recent advancement in the field is also proposed and was successfully validated. The analyses demonstrate the relevance of the approach proposed and provide a basis for the development of an alternative turbulence model.
Evaluation of Extracellular Proteinase and Phospholipase Activities of Indian Clinical Strains of Candida Albicans and Non-Albicans and Their Correlation with the Source of Isolation and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Values of Antifungal Drugs

Original Research Article The present study was aimed to evaluate some of the virulence traits, viz., extracellular proteinase and phospholipase activities, of Candida albicans (n=130) and non-albicans Candida (n=60), such as C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, and C. krusei. The isolates of Candida species that were investigated in the current work were obtained from diverse clinical sources in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. The correlation between the clinical sources of isolation and minimum inhibitory concentration of antifungal drugs was also determined. A screening for the production of extracellular proteinase and phospholipase enzymes was done using the Yeast Carbon Base–Bovine Serum Albumin medium and the Egg Yolk Plate method, respectively. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration against the tested antifungal drugs was determined by the M–27A CLSI/NCCLS macrodilution method. Of the 190 Candida isolates, 150 (80%) were positive for extracellular proteinase and 141 (74.2%) for phospholipase secretion. A nonsignificant difference was observed for extracellular proteinase and phospholipase activities among C. albicans and non-albicans as determined by ANOVA (p > 0.05). The comparison of individual extracellular proteinase and phospholipase activities among the sources studied also demonstrated non-significant difference and almost comparable results using Dunnett's t-test and Tukey’s HSD Post Hoc test for the secretion of both the enzymes. A significant positive correlation between enzyme secretion and MIC of antifungal was demonstrated (p < 0.05), which suggested some role of extracellular enzymes among the Candida spp. in increasing the resistance against commonly used antifungal drugs.
The importance of variable timing and abundance of prey for fish larval recruitment

Fish recruitment can vary by an order of magnitude between years, and the larval stage is a key determining factor. Zooplankton, the main source of larval food, are temporally and spatially heterogeneous, and this could contribute to recruitment variability and ultimately stock sustainability. Here we use simple stochastic models of larval growth and zooplankton dynamics, together with an evolutionary algorithm, to investigate the role of transient peaks in zooplankton abundance and the match/mismatch hypothesis in recruitment success and variability. We draw four main conclusions, (i) Stochasticity in individual growth is more beneficial to recruitment when larvae experience high food availability early on in their growth. (ii) When the timing of peak prey abundance is stochastic, recruitment probabilities are greatest for hatching days just before the expected timing of peak prey abundance. (iii) When the timing of periods of high prey density is held fixed, the evolved optimum hatching day becomes earlier as the length of the high density period increases. (iv) When both the timing and length of the periods of high density are allowed to (co-)vary, we find no evidence of strong selection pressure for specific hatching days, only for a hatching "window" around the expected prey peak.
An Examination of Their Relationship to Elementary Children's Classification-Class Inclusion -bilities

This study examines the relationship between a child's concept of geographic and territorial relationships and his competence on classification and class inclusion measures. Jean Piaget's stages of development and studies conducted by other investigators (Jahoda, 1964; Stoltman, 1971; Rand and Towler, 1973; Flavell, 1963; Asher, et al, 1971; Kofsky, 1966) on geographic relationships and classification provide a comparative framework. One hundred and twenty students from two Indiana schools were administered a Geographical Stages Test and a Logical Thinking Test. Analysis of the test results indicate that Piaget's spatial stages do not adequately describe the sample of children, although the correlation between the tests is significant, as Piaget postulates, and that age is the only significant variable among the possibilities of age, sex, socioeconomic status and residence. By implication teachers should make allowances for the varying competence of students, provide practice in classification and inclusion, and provide verbal and spatial experiences in the classroom to reinforce understanding. (Although tables are provided their reproducibility is doubtful). (J8) FILMED FROM BEST AVAILABLE COPY U I 011*Aithitost 1411014. OVCiti sOlillv1011101 *NottocVilt tOilltitUtt tOSICfrOlv On, Alt S. OFth ^100 D:rto Oflf ',NED 1040 f t014 Ow 01,K.vivttoYlolDO,C01,4 00,40401 r,EAO.OPntioOMS S.ahFD I7O vC. , Ottf UPOIE yc -2441 t.al soflt)ks . hScgi vet Of wCA,. cf r000r Piaget's Geographical Spatial Stages: An Examination of Their Relationship to Elementary Children's Classification-Class Inclusion -bilities David C. Rand Wichita State University John 0. Towler Purdue University A Paper Presented to the Annual Meeting of the National Council for Geographic Education November, 1973 Washington, D. C. The developmental theories of Jean Piaget have been of great interest to educators and psychologists since they have been concerned with examining the course of a child's cognitive growth. While Piaget has examined such wide areas of cognitive development as reasoning, judgement, and logical thought processes, he has continually used what have been traditionally thought of as school subject areas to explain and clarify his cognitive developmental theories. It is one of these areas that this paper examines, that of the child's knowledge of geography and geographic relationships. In addition, this paper also seeks to examine the relationship between general classification-class inclusion abilities on the part of the child with those more specialized geographic classification and class inclusion abilities. Piaget (1928, 1951) proposed a spatial stages theory which attempts to explain how the child is gradually able to comprehend the various geographical units in which he lives, and to gradually integrate those units into a logically correct and consistent hierarchy. When reporting the results of inquiries about the nationality conceptions of Swiss children, Piaget soon found that