Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Manufacturer invasion and online sales mode strategy considering the level of service quality

This study investigates the decision process of own-brand intrusion by contract manufacturers and their selection of invasion sales modes under the consideration of service quality disparities between brand manufacturers and contract manufacturers. Specifically, the study constructs a three-tier supply chain system comprising a brand manufacturer, a contract manufacturer, and an e-commerce platform. The equilibrium profits under different sales mode combinations are determined by using reverse induction methodology, and the optimal sales mode combinations are analyzed and compared. The study reveals that the decision process of contract manufacturers’ own-brand invasion depends on the potential market demand. Furthermore, when brand manufacturers adopt the reselling mode, the service quality level does not affect the decision process of invasion sales modes. However, when brand manufacturers adopt the agency mode, contract manufacturers with low service quality levels are more suitable for invasion through the agency mode, whereas contract manufacturers with high service quality levels are better suited for invasion through the reselling mode. Additionally, for the equilibrium sales mode combination among members of the supply chain, it is observed that with lower commission rates, both brand manufacturers and contract manufacturers choose the agency mode, while with higher commission rates, both choose the reselling mode. When commission rates are moderate, brand manufacturers prefer the agency mode, whereas contract manufacturers prefer the reselling mode.
Mitigating human–wildlife conflict and monitoring endangered tigers using a real-time camera-based alert system

Abstract The recovery of wild tigers in India and Nepal is a remarkable conservation achievement, but it sets the stage for increased human–wildlife conflict where parks are limited in size and where tigers reside outside reserves. We deployed an innovative technology, the TrailGuard AI camera-alert system, which runs on-the-edge artificial intelligence algorithms to detect tigers and poachers and transmit real-time images to designated authorities responsible for managing prominent tiger landscapes in India. We successfully captured and transmitted the first images of tigers using cameras with embedded AI and detected poachers. Notifications of tiger images were received in real time, approximately 30 seconds from camera trigger to appearing in a smart phone app. We review use cases of this AI-based real-time alert system for managers and local communities and suggest how the system could help monitor tigers and other endangered species, detect poaching, and provide early warnings for human–wildlife conflict.
Effect of Perioperative Antithrombotics on Postoperative Transfusion and Hematoma in Head and Neck Free Flaps

Abstract Objective To explore if antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy increases the risk of transfusion requirement or postoperative hematoma formation in patients undergoing microvascular reconstruction for head and neck defects. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Departments of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, the University of Colorado, and the University of California Irvine. Methods A multi‐institutional, retrospective review on microvascular reconstruction of the head and neck between August 2013 to July 2021. Perioperative antithrombotic data were collected to examine predictors of postoperative transfusion and hematoma. Results A total of 843 free flaps were performed. Preoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit, operative time, and flap type were positive predictors of postoperative transfusion in both bivariate (P < .0001) and multivariate analyses (P < .0001). However, neither anticoagulation nor antiplatelet therapy were predictive of postoperative transfusion rates and hematoma formation. Conclusion Antithrombotic regimens do not increase the risk of postoperative transfusion or hematoma in head and neck microvascular reconstruction. Based on this limited data, perioperative antithrombotic regimens can be considered in patients who may otherwise be at risk for these postoperative complications.
Burnout study during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand: psychometric evaluation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel

ABSTRACT Objectives This study aimed (1) to determine the psychometric properties of a Thai version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS [MP]) and (2) to examine the mean scores of burnout and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Forward and back translations of the MBI-HSS (MP) questionnaire were performed. The Thai version was subsequently completed by 682 Thai physicians and nurses who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on the first subsample (n = 341) by conducting Kaiser Mayer-Olkin sampling adequacy measurement and Bartlett’s test of sphericity whereas confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on the second subsample (n = 341) using fit indices of the normed chi-square (χ2/df), the comparative fit index, the Tucker–Lewis index, and the root mean square error of approximation. This version’s internal consistency was investigated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Demographic profiles were evaluated with descriptive and analytical statistics. Results The Thai version of the MBI-HSS (MP) displayed good psychometric characteristics, as the Cronbach’s alpha values of the 3 burnout factors ranged from 0.843 to 0.945. The CFA also showed good fit indices (χ2/df = 4.473; P < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.075 (95%CI = 0.055-0.079); CFI = 0.946; and TLI = 0.936). The physicians’ mean EE, DP, and PA scores were 25.28 ± 13.27, 7.15 ± 6.11, and 36.83 ± 8.13, respectively, whereas The nurses’ mean EE, DP, and PA scores were 23.10 ± 14.14, 4.43 ± 5.06, and 35.67 ± 10.24, respectively. Healthcare professionals who were younger, single, had fewer years of practice, and had more working hours per week tended to express more burnout scores. Conclusions The Thai version of the MBI-HSS (MP) demonstrates good psychometric properties in assessing burnout among healthcare professionals. Several factors may be pivotal in intensifying burnout.
Acute, subchronic toxicity and genotoxicity studies of JointAlive, a traditional Chinese medicine formulation for knee osteoarthritis

Aim In vivo and in vitro toxicity tests of JointAlive® were studied in animal models to support the safe use of JointAlive® as a drug for knee osteoarthritis treatment. Methods The acute toxicity study in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was conducted at a 20 g/kg bw/day dose of JointAlive®. For 13-week subchronic toxicity tests, SD rats were orally dosed daily with 0.5, 1.5 and 5 g/kg bw/day of JointAlive®. To assess the potential genotoxicity, Ames test, cellular chromosome aberration and mouse micronucleus test in vivo were carried out. Results Based on a lack of notable findings other than histopathology finding of co-incidental prostate inflammation at the high dose, the “No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)” of JointAlive® was concluded as 5 g/kg bw/day in males and females. Results also indicated that JointAlive® has no risk of genotoxicity. Conclusions General toxicity and genotoxicity studies empirically demonstrated that JointAlive® poses a low risk of potential health risks, providing safety supports for the application of JointAlive® as a potential drug candidate to treat knee osteoarthritis.
Running Header : River and Estuary Aquatic Continuum 4 5

The balance of fresh and saline water is essential to estuarine ecosystem function. Along the 17 fresh-brackish-saline water gradient within the C-43 canal/Caloosahatchee River estuary (CRE) 18 the quantity, timing and distribution of water and associated water quality significantly 19 influences ecosystem function. Long-term trends of water quality and quantity were assessed 20 from Lake Okeechobee to the CRE between May 1978 to April 2016. Significant changes to 21 monthly flow volumes were detected between the lake and the estuary which correspond to 22 changes in upstream management. and climatic events. Across the 37-year period total 23 phosphorus (TP) flow-weighted mean (FWM) concentration significantly increased at the lake, 24 meanwhile total nitrogen (TN) FMW concentrations significantly declined at both the lake and 25 estuary headwaters. Between May 1999 and April 2016, TN, TP and total organic carbon (TOC), 26 ortho-P and ammonium conditions were assessed within the estuary at several monitoring 27 locations. Generally nutrient concentrations decreased from upstream to downstream with shifts 28 in TN:TP from values >20 in the freshwater portion, ~20 in the estuarine portion and <20 in the 29 marine portion indicating a spatial shift in nutrient limitations along the continuum. Aquatic 30 productivity analysis suggests that the estuary is net heterotrophic with productivity being 31 negatively influenced by TP, TN and TOC likely due to a combination of effects including 32 shading by high color dissolved organic matter. We conclude that rainfall patterns, land use and 33 the resulting discharges of run-off drives the ecology of the C-43/CRE aquatic continuum and 34 associated biogeochemistry rather than water management associated with Lake Okeechobee. 35
Day‐flying lepidoptera larvae have a poorer ability to thermoregulate than adults

Abstract Changes to ambient temperatures under climate change may detrimentally impact small ectotherms that rely on their environment for thermoregulation; however, there is currently a limited understanding of insect larval thermoregulation. As holometabolous insects, Lepidoptera differ in morphology, ecology and behaviour across the life cycle, and so it is likely that adults and larvae differ in their capacity to thermoregulate. In this study, we investigated the thermoregulatory capacity (buffering ability) of 14 species of day‐flying Lepidoptera, whether this is influenced by body length or gregariousness, and whether it differs between adult and larval life stages. We also investigated what thermoregulation mechanisms are used: microclimate selection (choosing locations with a particular temperature) or behavioural thermoregulation (controlling temperature through other means, such as basking). We found that Lepidoptera larvae differ in their buffering ability between species and body lengths, but gregariousness did not influence buffering ability. Larvae are worse at buffering themselves against changes in air temperature than adults. Therefore Lepidoptera may be more vulnerable to adverse temperature conditions during their larval life stage. Adults and larvae rely on different thermoregulatory mechanisms; adults primarily use behavioural thermoregulation, whereas larvae use microclimate selection. This implies that larvae are highly dependent on the area around their foodplant for effective thermoregulation. These findings have implications for the management of land and species, for example, highlighting the importance of creating and preserving microclimates and vegetation complexity surrounding Lepidoptera foodplants for larval thermoregulation under future climate change.
Role of Percutaneous Nephrostomy in Improving Quality of Life in Advanced Carcinoma Cervix Presenting with Obstructive Uropathy

Ab s t r Ac t Aims and objectives: Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) is an interventional procedure which is mainly used in the decompression of the renal collecting system. Urinary diversion by this procedure can improve renal function. We examined the role of PCN in the management of advanced cervical cancer patients presenting with obstructive uropathy with a detailed analysis of improvement in the quality of life, morbidity, and survival rates. Materials and methods: We prospectively evaluated 50 gynecology patients having cervical cancer with obstructive uropathy and deranged renal functions. A PCN was performed under local anesthesia using the Seldinger technique. Positions of catheters were confirmed with the nephrostogram at the end of the procedures. Health survey was conducted before the PCN procedure, 1st week, and 4th week and at the 3rd month after the PCN procedure. Results: PCN was successfully established in all patients with the recovery of renal function. The median serum creatinine before and 1 month after the procedure was 6.6 and 2.0, respectively. Complications relating to the procedure (60%) were fever/sepsis 7 (14%), bleeding in 5 (10%), pericatheter leak in 10 (20%), and slippage of catheter requiring replacement in 7 (14%). Overall, 45 (90%) patients died of the primary disease and 5 are alive. The 3, 6, 9, and 12 months’ death rates were 8 (16%), 15 (30%), 21 (42%), and 2 (1%), respectively. Fifty percent of death occurred within 6 months and 90% of death occurred by 9 months. Conclusion: PCN provides a significant improvement in renal function parameters in majority of the patients. The quality of life is improved significantly at 1 week and 1 month which is not sustained at 3 months. As the benefits of PCN urinary diversion after 3 months are not established, counseling is essential and the wishes of the patient and her family have to be considered.
FISHERY, AGE, GROWTH AND MORTALITY ESTIMATES OF TRICHIURUS LEPTURUS LINNAEUS FROM BOMBAY WATERS

Fishery, age, growth and mortality estimates of Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus is described in the present communication. During the sixteen year period from 1969 to 1984 the average contribution of ribbon fish to the total marine landings in India was 3.94%. At New Ferry Wharf and Sassoon Docks landing centres of Greater Bombay, ribbon fish contributed 6.44 and 5.92% respectively to the total marine catch during 1980-'86 period. The VBGF parameters in length estimated were L- = 129.7cm, K = 0.50335 (annual) and t^ = +0.0011125 years. This species grows to 51.2, 82.5,101.0 cm at the end of first, second and third year of its life respectively. The average total mortality 'Z' for the 1979 - '80 to 1981-'82 period was estimated as 1.96, natural mortality (M) as 1.05 and fishing mortality (F) as 0.91. The exploitation rate (U) and exploitation ratio (E) was estimated as 039 and 0.46 respectively.
Optical characteristics of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter(CDOM) in Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent sea areas

Optical properties of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter(CDOM) have played an important role in quantitative water-color remote sensing retrieval.The optical properties of CDOM in coastal waters of Changjiang River Estuary were investigated in June of 2011.This area is affected by terrigenous factor strongly with different hydro-dynamic characteristics.CDOM absorption coefficient and spectral slope were got through sampling,laboratory measurements and subsequent data processing.Then,CDOM absorption cofficient and spectral slope were discussed.CDOM absorption coefficients at 440 nm [a(440)] varied between 0.21 and 0.85 m-1,with an average value of 0.44 m-1.In addition,the spectral slope,Sg varied between 0.013 3~0.016 7 nm-1,with an average value of 0.014 nm-1.Significant spatial difference in absorption cofficient and spectral slope was observed varied tremendously in the estuary and the offshore area.The higher absorption coefficients of the cruise appeared in the estuary area while the lower spectral slope of the cruise appeared in the area which is greatly influenced by the terrestrial sources;the lower absorption coefficients appeared in the offshore area while the higher spectral slope of the cruise appeared in the area which is greatly influenced by the mixing of terrestrial humic sources and seawater.A significant positive relationship between salinity and a(440) was found in the whole area showing conservative behavior of CDOM.There was a good correlative relationship between the spectral slope Sg and salinity in the whole area,which also reflected conservative behavior of CDOM.
Retrospective comparative study of robot‐assisted surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and laparotomy for endometrial cancer in patients with a low risk of recurrence

Minimally invasive surgeries for endometrial cancer are increasing worldwide. In Japan, some articles have examined surgical outcomes, but only a few have addressed oncological outcomes. This study aims to compare robot surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and laparotomy in terms of surgical and oncological outcomes within a low‐risk group for endometrial cancer recurrence.
Erlotinib plus gemcitabine compared with gemcitabine alone in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: a phase III trial of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group.

PURPOSE Patients with advanced pancreatic cancer have a poor prognosis and there have been no improvements in survival since the introduction of gemcitabine in 1996. Pancreatic tumors often overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor type 1 (HER1/EGFR) and this is associated with a worse prognosis. We studied the effects of adding the HER1/EGFR-targeted agent erlotinib to gemcitabine in patients with unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic pancreatic cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive standard gemcitabine plus erlotinib (100 or 150 mg/d orally) or gemcitabine plus placebo in a double-blind, international phase III trial. The primary end point was overall survival. RESULTS A total of 569 patients were randomly assigned. Overall survival based on an intent-to-treat analysis was significantly prolonged on the erlotinib/gemcitabine arm with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.99; P = .038, adjusted for stratification factors; median 6.24 months v 5.91 months). One-year survival was also greater with erlotinib plus gemcitabine (23% v 17%; P = .023). Progression-free survival was significantly longer with erlotinib plus gemcitabine with an estimated HR of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.64 to 0.92; P = .004). Objective response rates were not significantly different between the arms, although more patients on erlotinib had disease stabilization. There was a higher incidence of some adverse events with erlotinib plus gemcitabine, but most were grade 1 or 2. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this randomized phase III trial is the first to demonstrate statistically significantly improved survival in advanced pancreatic cancer by adding any agent to gemcitabine. The recommended dose of erlotinib with gemcitabine for this indication is 100 mg/d.
The 2014–2015 warming anomaly in the Southern California Current System observed by underwater gliders

Large‐scale patterns of positive temperature anomalies persisted throughout the surface waters of the North Pacific Ocean during 2014–2015. In the Southern California Current System, measurements by our sustained network of underwater gliders reveal the coastal effects of the recent warming. Regional upper ocean temperature anomalies were greatest since the initiation of the glider network in 2006. Additional observed physical anomalies included a depressed thermocline, high stratification, and freshening; induced biological consequences included changes in the vertical distribution of chlorophyll fluorescence. Contemporaneous surface heat flux and wind strength perturbations suggest that local anomalous atmospheric forcing caused the unusual oceanic conditions.
“It Is OK Not to Be OK”: Nursing Students’ Backgrounds and Perceptions of Mental Health Stigma and Implications for Mental Health Nursing Education

ABSTRACT There has been a notable increase in reported mental illnesses in recent years. Although mental illness is being discussed more openly, stigma toward mental illness still exists. Stigma can result in inadequate care for people with mental illnesses. Students come into nursing from a variety of backgrounds and these backgrounds influence their nursing clinical judgments, especially related to caring for people with mental illnesses. A qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted using 60 undergraduate nursing student reflections on their backgrounds and perceptions of mental health stigma. Students wrote about their Previously Held Beliefs and the Influence of Culture, Overcoming Stigma through their Experiences with Friends and Family, Influence of Popular Culture, and Personal Experiences, and their New Understanding of mental illness and what that means for their future nursing practice. These findings have important implications for nursing education including providing more opportunities for nursing students to care for people with mental illnesses, reframing how mental health content is delivered in undergraduate nursing programs, and providing additional support for students with personal mental illnesses.
Juvenile waiting stage crown‐of‐thorns sea stars are resilient in heatwave conditions that bleach and kill corals

The juveniles of predatory sea stars can remain in their recruitment–nursery habitat for some time before their ontogenetic shift to the adult habitat and diet. These small juveniles are vulnerable to a range of factors with their sensitivity amplified by climate change‐driven ocean warming. We investigate the thermal tolerance of the waiting stage herbivorous juveniles of the keystone coral predator, the crown‐of‐thorns sea star (COTS, Acanthaster sp.), in context with the degree heating weeks (DHW) model that predicts coral bleaching and mass mortality. In temperature treatments ranging from +1 to 3°C in prolonged heatwave acclimation conditions, the juveniles exhibited ~100% survival in DHW scenarios that trigger coral bleaching (4 DHW), resulting in mass mortality of corals (8 DHW) and extreme conditions well beyond those that kill corals (12 DHW). This indicates that herbivorous juvenile COTS are far more resistant to heatwave conditions than the coral prey of the adults. The juveniles exhibited higher activity (righting) and metabolic rate after weeks in increased temperature. In separate acute temperature experiments, the upper thermal limit of the juveniles was 34–36°C. In a warming world, juvenile COTS residing in their coral rubble nursery habitat will benefit from an increase in the extent of this habitat due to coral mortality. The juveniles have potential for long‐term persistence as herbivores as they wait for live coral to recover before becoming coral predators, thereby serving as a proximate source of COTS outbreaks on reefs already in a tenuous state due to climate change.