Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Trabeculectomy on Mean and Centroid Surgically Induced Astigmatism

This study aimed to investigate the arithmetic mean of surgically induced astigmatism (M-SIA) and the centroid of surgically induced astigmatism (C-SIA) after standard trabeculectomy. We comprised 185 eyes of 143 consecutive patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 67.7 ± 11.6 years) who underwent trabeculectomy and completed at least a 3-month routine follow-up. In all cases, the scleral flap was made at the nasal-superior location. Corneal astigmatism was measured with an automated keratometer. We calculated the M-SIA and the C-SIA using vector analysis and applied the astigmatism double angle plot. The magnitude of corneal astigmatism increased significantly, from 1.17 ± 0.92 D preoperatively to 1.77 ± 1.05 D postoperatively (paired t-test, p < 0.001). The M-SIA was 1.12 ± 0.55 D, and the C-SIA was 0.73 D @64° ± 1.02 D in the right eye group, and the M-SIA was 1.08 ± 0.48 D and the C-SIA was 0.60 D @117° ± 1.03 D in the left eye group. The C-SIA showed an astigmatic shift toward the nasal-superior location of the scleral flap creation. Our results revealed that trabeculectomy induced the SIA in the direction of the scleral flap location and that the C-SIA was much lower than the M-SIA in eyes undergoing trabeculectomy.
In vitro genetic improvement of Jatropha curcas L. using gamma ray to induce salinity tolerance.

This work aimed to induce mutation in Jatropha curcas L.in order to increase the salinity tolerance of it. The reaction was performed by exposing healthy callus to gamma ray at 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0 and 25.0 Kr, and then the regenerated shoots were treated with sea salt concentrations at 0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 90.0 and 100.0% during two successive seasons of 2013 and 2014. Results showed that treated shoots resulted from both 20 and 25 Kr doses of gamma ray had a high survival percentages (93.3 % and 80.0% respectively) when treated with 90% of sea salt. In addition, shoots treated with gamma ray 20 and 25 kr gave a high survival percentage when treated with sea salt 100% (86.7 % and 66.7%, respectively). Significant differences were found between control and plants treated with sea salt in shoot number. Plants treated with 20 and 25 Kr doses and 90% concentration of sea salt gave 2.8 and 2.4 shoot/explants respectively. Treated plants with gamma ray 20 Kr dose and 90% sea salt showed shoot length of (3.6) compared to control treatment (3.4). Leave number gave the highest value in treatment 20 Kr and 90% sea salt (5.6). RAPD analysis had successfully generated reproducible polymorphic products. Five oligodecamers of operon kits (OPA-11, OPA-12, OPB-06, OPB-07, and OPD-15. A total of 66 amplicons from five primers were produced in PCR amplification reaction and the number of amplified DNA fragment by each primer ranged from 10 to 17 fragments. OPD-14 amplified the highest number of fragments (17 bands) while, OPB-07 produced the lowest number of bands (10). Finally, irradiation with 20 and 25 Kr dose and treatment with 90% and 100% sea salt resulted in high percentage of survival. [Elsayh S. A. A. ; Sarhan, A. Z. ; Amira Sh. Soliman; Rayan A. O. and El-Shishtawy H. In vitro genetic improvement of Jatropha curcas L using gamma ray to induce salinity tolerance. Life Sci J 2015;12(5):46-53]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 6
A Sociomaterial Perspective of the Challenges of Implementing the Communicative Approach in Saudi State Schools

Despite its dominance in the field of teaching English as a second/foreign language, the implementation of the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach continues to be challenging and problematic. A similar set of constraints – including but not limited to challenges related to educational cultures, contextual and conceptual factors, and lack of authentic materials and facilities – have been reported as factors hindering CLT implementations in many contexts. Language teaching and learning materials and facilities are crucial elements that have been found to affect communicative language teaching implementation. However, the issue of how those material elements can affect CLT implementation has rarely been the focus of research in CLT implementation studies. In this paper, the researcher examines the effect of language teaching and learning materials on teachers’ ability to teach communicatively. Thus, informed by sociomateriality this paper attends to a gap in the literature about how material elements of the curriculum hinder the implementation of the communicative language teaching approach in the Saudi context. The data examined in this study were collected through classroom observations and semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the findings indicated that material elements in the curriculum exerted agency and power, hindering teachers’ ability to teach communicatively and learners’ ability to improve their learning experiences. The report concludes with practical implications related to the complexity of curriculum development and implementation and the emergent nature of such processes as webs of entangled human/nonhuman relations that give rise to education.
A forward energy flux at submesoscales driven by frontogenesis

Submesoscale currents, comprising fronts and mixed-layer eddies, exhibit a dual cascade of kinetic energy: a forward cascade to dissipation scales at fronts and an inverse cascade from mixed-layer eddies to mesoscale eddies. Within a coarse-graining framework using both spatial and temporal filters, we show that this dual cascade can be captured in simple mathematical form obtained by writing the cross-scale energy flux in the local principal strain coordinate system, wherein the flux reduces to the sum of two terms, one proportional to the convergence and the other proportional to the strain. The strain term is found to cause the inverse energy flux to larger scales while an approximate equipartition of the convergent and strain terms capture the forward energy flux, demonstrated through model-based analysis and asymptotic theory. A consequence of this equipartition is that the frontal forward energy flux is simply proportional to the frontal convergence. In a recent study, it was shown that the Lagrangian rate of change of quantities like the divergence, vorticity and horizontal buoyancy gradient are proportional to convergence at fronts implying that horizontal convergence drives frontogenesis. We show that these two results imply that the primary mechanism for the forward energy flux at fronts is frontogenesis. We also analyze the energy flux through a Helmholtz decomposition and show that the rotational components are primarily responsible for the inverse cascade while a mix of the divergent and rotational components cause the forward cascade, consistent with our asymptotic analysis based on the principal strain framework.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease, its Etiopathogenesis and Treatment Approaches: A Review

Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract, which is characterized by serious events of inflammation in either specifically colon (ulcerative colitis) or the whole length of the gut (Crohn’s disease). IBD affects people greatly all over the globe. It is observed that it is more prevalent in the urbanized countries. Both the etiology and pathogenesis of IBD are complex to understand. Yet many researchers have taken great efforts to figure out the etiopathogenesis. Diagnosis of IBD is also difficult thus it is required to differentiate between UC and CD. Thus, we have shed some light on the diagnostic tools too. Since the cure for IBD is difficult, treatment is the only option, hence various recent treatments are also explained with the help of this review. This review gives a brief overview of the disease also highlights the various etiopathogenesis involved.
Identification of Druggable Genes for Asthma by Integrated Genomic Network Analysis

Asthma is a common and heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Currently, the two main types of asthma medicines are inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists (LABAs). In addition, biological drugs provide another therapeutic option, especially for patients with severe asthma. However, these drugs were less effective in preventing severe asthma exacerbation, and other drug options are still limited. Herein, we extracted asthma-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) catalog and prioritized candidate genes through five functional annotations. Genes enriched in more than two categories were defined as “biological asthma risk genes. ” Then, DrugBank was used to match target genes with FDA-approved medications and identify candidate drugs for asthma. We discovered 139 biological asthma risk genes and identified 64 drugs targeting 22 of these genes. Seven of them were approved for asthma, including reslizumab, mepolizumab, theophylline, dyphylline, aminophylline, oxtriphylline, and enprofylline. We also found 17 drugs with clinical or preclinical evidence in treating asthma. In addition, eleven of the 40 candidate drugs were further identified as promising asthma therapy. Noteworthy, IL6R is considered a target for asthma drug repurposing based on its high target scores. Through in silico drug repurposing approach, we identified sarilumab and satralizumab as the most promising drug for asthma treatment.
Knowledge, Practices and Use of Contact Lenses Among University Students in Turkey

Aim This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of contact lens (CL) use among university students, their awareness on CL, and CL users' practices for the cleaning and care of CLs. Methods The data of this cross-sectional study were collected between April 2019 and July 2019. The sample consisted of university students who volunteered to participate in the study. The data obtained from the study were evaluated by Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) 22.0 package program in computer environment. Results 929 students participated in the study and the average age of them was 21.99±1.85 years (Min. 18 – Max. 24), and it was determined that 36.6% (n=340) of the participants were male, 10.2% (n=95) of the total were using CL, 91.6% (n=87) of them used CL due to visual impairment. When students' levels of knowledge about the hygiene and care in CL use were examined 85.4% (n=82) washed their hands before wearing/removing CL, 85.3% (n=81) cleaned the lens container and filled it with new solution when the solution in the container was reduced, 18.5% (n=17) continued wearing CL while sleeping, 6.5% (n=6) washed CL with tap water, and 28.3% (n=26) of them stated that they swam in the sea with CL. It was determined that the prevalence of CL use was higher (p= .045) among smoking students. Conclusion Health professionals are important in the trainings to be given to increase the students' knowledge of hygiene and care regarding the use of CL. More studies are needed on the effect of smoking status on CL use.
Evaluation of Anti-biofilm Formation of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Species in Clinical Milk Samples of Bovine Mastitis using Selective Medicinal Plants

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram positive bacterium which is a member of the firmicutes is the most considered causative agent for bovine mastitis in dairy herds worldwide. The Clinical milk samples were collected from the glycerol stock. After subculture, the confirmation of Staphylococcus species was performed using Selective agar plate method, Gram staining and Biochemical characterization. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed for the predominant culture of Staphylococcus aureus to determine the organism’s resistance, susceptibility or intermediate towards certain antibiotics. The screening for Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus was performed using HI chrome Rapid Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus agar base media. The detection of biofilm forming ability in the isolates was performed using different phenotypic assays. Three different medicinal plants (Erythrina variegata, Cissus quadrangular is and Vitex negundo) were selected for the study and used for the preparation of methanol, Chloroform and aqueous extracts. The extracts were then subjected for the qualitative and quantitative photochemical analysis. The determination of the lowest concentration of the plant extracts in inhibiting the growth of the organism (Antibiofilm formation) by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bacterial Concentration in MRSA were found to have higher sensitivity to the methanol extracts and resistant to the chloroform and aqueous extracts.
Does Ramadan fasting affect glicemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus? effects of fasting on betatrophin and insulin resistance

Insulin resistance, which is involved in the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM), is considered to be associated with betatrophin. Moreover, it is known that betatro- phin levels may be affected by environmental factors. In this study, the changes in pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan betatrophin levels, HOMA-IR levels, and metabolic parameters were evaluated in patients with T2DM, using oral antidiabetic (OAD) and wanting to fast during Ramadan. 50 patients with T2DM receiving OAD treatment and 40 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Glucose, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride measurements were performed with AU-5800 autoanalyzer. Insulin levels were measured with DXI-800 and HbA1c levels with the Premier HB920 device. Furthermore, betatrophin levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. At the beginning and the end of Ramadan, betatrophin levels were detected to be higher in the diabetic group compared to the control group. It was revealed that the post-Ramadan insulin and HOMA-IR levels were lower than the pre-Ramadan values in both of the groups. A positive correlation was found between betatrophin levels and triglyceride (r: 0.289, p= 0.042), and insulin (r: 0.276, p= 0.053) levels in the diabetic group. The study indicated that Ramadan fasting reduced the body mass index and average glucose. Thus, insulin resistance decreased. Betatrophin levels, which may be affected by environmental factors, displayed no changes. Ramadan fasting of diabetic patients in the low and moderate risk group did not disrupt metabolic order and glucose regulation.
IT TAKES A VILLAGE DURING THE PANDEMIC: PREDICTORS OF STUDENTS’ COURSE EVALUATIONS AND GRADES IN ONLINE TEAM-BASED MARKETING COURSES

ABSTRACT This study investigates the predictors of students’ course evaluations and course grades in online team-based learning marketing courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. In Study 1, eighty-three undergraduate students taking a variety of team-based learning marketing courses at two different universities participated in an online survey. Multiple regression analysis results indicate that higher team satisfaction and instructor engagement are associated with higher course evaluations, while conscientiousness and the number of course visits predict course grades. Study 2 with additional sixty-seven students found that loneliness and working hours are associated with lower course grades. The implications of this research are discussed
Hypertension Remission after Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of colorectal cancer surgery on hypertension. Patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery were retrospectively enrolled. Hypertension before and 1 year after colorectal cancer surgery was recorded. As a result, eighty patients had remission of hypertension, 307 patients had no remission 1 year after colorectal cancer surgery, and the remission rate was 20.7%. In conclusion, patients with concurrent colorectal cancer and hypertension had a 20.7% remission rate 1 year after colorectal cancer surgery. Age, but not the type of surgery, was a predictive factor for the remission of hypertension.
Students’ Environmental Literacy: Environment Education Assisted E-Booklet on Biodiversity Gegas Dam Indonesia Context

Indonesia is one of the world's mega biodiversity needs to be preserved, due to estimated the extinction rate of one species is estimated at 10,000 times per year caused by human activity. Various efforts have been made by various sectors to preserve the environment, including in education through Environmental Education (EE). This research aim to implement Environmental Literacy (EL) domain in Biodiversity learning assisted validated e-booklet (CVR0,67) to enhance student knowledge, cognitive skills (identification of issues, analysis of issues, and action plans), attitude (verbal commitment, environmental sensitivity, and feelings towards the environment), and responsible behavior towards the environment. The EL domains related to real context of biodiversity in Gegas Dam is implemented in order to avoid the availability of disconnecting youth generation with their native biodiversity. Data analysis and identification of diversity- diversity index, homogeneity, dominance and correlation among chemical-physical environmental factors- are presented in an e-booklet to strengthen students' knowledge and cognitive skills, while attitude and responsibility behavior are strengthened by presenting local, national and global environmental issues. Through one group pre-posttest design, 30 high school students in South Sumatra as youth generation were involved in this research. Students’ EL is measured by 66 questions EL domain. The results showed that students' verbal commitment got the highest n-gain score (0.62 medium), while environmental sensitivity was the smallest (0.2 low). These results indicate that verbally students or youth generation already know how to conserve the environment. Cultivation of environmental conservation habits could be continuously improved by realizing their verbal ideas.
Optimization of Lip Gap for Thin Film Coating in the Jet-stripping Process

The normal operating range of coating thickness control using gas knives is usually sufficient to cover most desired coating specifications. However for very low coating thickness, any further reduction in the coating would require a significant improvement in the gas system. This is due to the insensitivity of the thickness to changes in the controlling pressure at low coating thickness levels and to the inability of the gas system itself to supply the required pressure. This paper will discuss the optimization of the jet gap opening to achieve the lowest possible coating thickness for a given gas supply system in the jet stripping process within the process constraints. The utilization of the optimum jet lip set up for thin film coating can allow a reduction in investment required to achieve the desired thickness specification.
In Situ Generated Shear Bands in Metallic Glass Investigated by Atomic Force and Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy

Plastic deformation of metallic glasses performed at temperatures well below the glass transition proceeds via the formation of shear bands. In this contribution, we investigated shear bands originating from in situ tensile tests of Al88Y7Fe5 melt-spun ribbons performed under a transmission electron microscope. The observed contrasts of the shear bands were found to be related to a thickness reduction rather than to density changes. This result should alert the community of the possibility of thickness changes occurring during in situ shear band formation that may affect interpretation of shear band properties such as the local density. The observation of a spearhead-like shear front suggests a propagation front mechanism for shear band initiation here.
Regulatory Role of Zinc in Allergic Rhinitis through the IL-33/ST2 Pathway

Objective We aimed to investigate the expression of serum zinc and cytokines interleukin- (IL-) 13 and IL-33 in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and observe the effects of zinc on cytokines and pathway proteins in P815 mast cells stimulated by Artemisia annua allergen (Art.) in the IL-33/suppression of the tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) pathway. We also aimed to explore the possible regulatory role of zinc in AR and provide new ideas to determine the etiology and treatment of AR. Methods AR patients treated from March to September in 2018 were selected as the research participants, and 50 healthy people in the same period were selected as the control group. Serum samples of all patients were collected, and those of AR patients were tested for the presence of allergens. The expression of IL-13 and IL-33 was detected by performing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while the serum zinc level was detected by conducting an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The cell counting kit (CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferation of P815 mast cells, and western blot was used to detect the expression of ST2, p38, and p65 proteins. Results A total of 92 AR patients were included in the study; of them, 52 had mild AR, while 40 had moderate AR. The primary allergen found in AR patients was Artemisia, and the positivity rate was 53.26%. The serum zinc ion level of AR patients decreased, and the expression of IL-13 and IL-33 increased. After Art. was used to treat P815 mast cells, the expression of IL-33 in the cell supernatant increased in a concentration-dependent manner, the expression of receptor ST2 increased, and the expression of downstream p38 and p65 proteins increased. However, after treatment with ZnSO4, the expression of IL-33 in the cell supernatant decreased, and the expression of ST2, p38, and p65 protein decreased. Conclusion The serum zinc level of AR patients decreased. In the IL-33/ST2 pathway, ZnSO4 can reduce the hypersensitivity of mast cells induced by Art.
The rhetorical contestation of populism in four European parliaments (2010–2020)

Abstract Studies of the discursive aspect of populism have tended to focus on the rhetorical manifestations of populist discourses, namely how populist politicians ‘talk politics’. However, scant attention has been devoted to how politicians rhetorically characterise the concept of populism itself. This article investigates a corpus (N = 4.835) of parliamentary debates in Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom, to assess the different definitions of populism used by politicians and explain any variations found. Results show that the ways that politicians describe populism vary cross-nationally in terms of topics, adjectives and targets. A more positive attitude towards populism is likely for politicians who express anti-elitism and opposition to multiculturalism and corruption, regardless of the topic under discussion. Moreover, the effect of political ideology on politicians’ attitudes towards populism is more pronounced when economic topics are under discussion. Discussing these findings, this study offers interesting implications for the literature on populism, parliamentary affairs, party politics and text analysis. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2021. 2013655 .
The association between the core and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk factors

ii Acknowledgments . iv Vita . vi Publications . vii Fields of Study . vii List of Tables . xii List of Figures . xiv Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 The Problem – ACL Rupture . 1 1.2 Core Stability . 3 1.2. 1 Core . 3 1.2. 2 Trunk . 4 1.2. 3 Core stability . 5 1.3 Why the core and the ACL? 5