Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TWO NEW TESTS OF THE METALLICITY SENSITIVITY OF THE CEPHEID PERIOD–LUMINOSITY RELATION (THE LEAVITT LAW)

We undertake a new test of the metallicity sensitivity of the Leavitt Law for classical Cepheids. We derive an empirical calibration of the apparent luminosities of Cepheids as measured from the optical through the mid-infrared (0.45–8.0 μm) as a function of spectroscopic [Fe/H] abundances of individual Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) from Romaniello et al. The cumulative trend over the entire wavelength range shows a nearly monotonic behavior. The sense of the trend is consistent with differential line blanketing in the optical, leading to stars of high metallicity being fainter in the optical. This is followed by a reversal in the trend at longer wavelengths, with the crossover occurring near the K band at about 2.2 μm, consistent with a subsequent redistribution of energy resulting in a mild brightening of Cepheids (with increased metallicity) at mid-infrared wavelengths. This conclusion agrees with that of Romaniello et al. based on a differential comparison of the mean V- and K-band Leavitt Laws for the Galaxy, Small Magellanic Cloud, and LMC, but is opposite in sign to most other empirical tests of the sensitivity of Cepheid distances to mean [O/H] H ii region abundances. We also search for a correlation of Cepheid host-galaxy metallicity with deviations of the galaxy's Cepheid distance from that predicted from a pure Hubble flow. Based on Cepheid distances to 26 nearby galaxies in the local flow, only a very weak signal is detected giving δμo = −0.17(± 0.31)([O/H] − 8.80) − 0.21(± 0.10). This is in agreement with previous determinations, but statistically inconclusive.
Direct Observation of the Quantum Phase Transition of SrCu 2 (BO 3 ) 2 by High-Pressure and Terahertz Electron Spin Resonance

High-pressure and high-field electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements have been performed on a single crystal of the orthogonal-dimer spin system SrCu2(BO3)2. With frequencies below 1 THz, ESR signals associated with transitions from the singlet ground state to the one-triplet excited states and the two-triplet bound state were observed at pressures up to 2.1 GPa. We obtained directly the pressure dependence of the gap energies, finding a clear first-order phase transition at Pc = 1.85 ± 0.05 GPa. By comparing this pressure dependence with the calculated excitation energies obtained from an exact diagonalization, we determined the precise pressure dependence for inter- (J′) and intra-dimer (J) exchange interactions considering the Dzyaloshinski–Moriya interaction. Thus this system undergoes a first-order quantum phase transition from the dimer singlet phase to a plaquette singlet phase above the ratio (J′/J)c = 0.660 ± 0.003.
A Keplerian-based Hamiltonian splitting for gravitational N-body simulations

We developed a Keplerian-based Hamiltonian splitting for solving the gravitational $N$-body problem. This splitting allows us to approximate the solution of a general $N$-body problem by a composition of multiple, independently evolved $2$-body problems. While the Hamiltonian splitting is exact, we show that the composition of independent $2$-body problems results in a non-symplectic non-time-symmetric first-order map. A time-symmetric second-order map is then constructed by composing this basic first-order map with its self-adjoint. The resulting method is precise for each individual $2$-body solution and produces quick and accurate results for near-Keplerian $N$-body systems, like planetary systems or a cluster of stars that orbit a supermassive black hole. The method is also suitable for integration of $N$-body systems with intrinsic hierarchies, like a star cluster with primordial binaries. The superposition of Kepler solutions for each pair of particles makes the method excellently suited for parallel computing; we achieve $\gtrsim 64\%$ efficiency for only $8$ particles per core, but close to perfect scaling for $16384$ particles on a $128$ core distributed-memory computer. We present several implementations in \texttt{Sakura}, one of which is publicly available via the AMUSE framework.
Physiological responses of cowpea simultaneously exposed to water deficit stress and varying light intensities at vegetative and reproductive growth stages

A combination of stresses as it occurs on the field poses more challenges to crop production than individual stress. Crops’ response to single stress also differs from that of combined stresses. The morpho-physiological responses of two cowpea varieties (IT89KD-288 and IT99K573-1-1) to a combination of stresses (water deficit stress and high light intensity) were investigated at different growth stages. Three levels of light intensities (L3: 259 Lux- 36%, L2: 394 Lux-55% and L1: 710.2 Lux-100%) were imposed using one, two and zero layer(s) of the net, respectively, while, water deficit stress at four levels (W1: no water stress; 0-5 bars, W2: moderate water stress; 5-15 bars, W3: moderately-severe; 15-40 bars and W4: severe water stress; 40 -70 bars) was imposed differently at vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Data were collected on the cowpea yield, Leaf Temperature (LT), Chlorophyll (C), Photosynthesis (P), Stomatal Conductance (SC) and Canopy Transpiration Rate (CTR). Exposure to W4 under L1 considerably reduced cowpea yield by 80% compared to those grown under L3 and full watering. Reduced light intensity enhanced cowpea grain yield irrespective of water deficit stress and IT89KD-288 was superior to IT99K573-1-1. Reduction in light intensity also increased the SC from 55.18 in L1 to 76.88 in 36 % L3. Full light intensity without water stress (100% light intensity), increased C content, while severe water stress reduced the C content and CTR. Photosynthesis was, however, reduced under low light intensity compared to 100% light intensity. It was also observed that water deficit stress imposed at the reproductive stage did not affect P, CTR and SC unlike that of the vegetative stage. In conclusion, reduced light intensity enhanced cowpea tolerance to water deficit and increased yield. Cowpea response was dependent on growth stage, variety and severity of stress.
Flyway‐scale GPS tracking reveals migratory routes and key stopover and non‐breeding locations of lesser yellowlegs

Abstract Many populations of long‐distance migrant shorebirds are declining rapidly. Since the 1970s, the lesser yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes) has experienced a pronounced reduction in abundance of ~63%. The potential causes of the species' decline are complex and interrelated. Understanding the timing of migration, seasonal routes, and important stopover and non‐breeding locations used by this species will aid in directing conservation planning to address potential threats. During 2018–2022, we tracked 118 adult lesser yellowlegs using GPS satellite tags deployed on birds from five breeding and two migratory stopover locations spanning the boreal forest of North America from Alaska to Eastern Canada. Our objectives were to identify migratory routes, quantify migratory connectivity, and describe key stopover and non‐breeding locations. We also evaluated predictors of southbound migratory departure date and migration distance. Individuals tagged in Alaska and Central Canada followed similar southbound migratory routes, stopping to refuel in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, whereas birds tagged in Eastern Canada completed multi‐day transoceanic flights covering distances of >4000 km across the Atlantic between North and South America. Upon reaching their non‐breeding locations, lesser yellowlegs populations overlapped, resulting in weak migratory connectivity. Sex and population origin were significantly associated with the timing of migratory departure from breeding locations, and body mass at the time of GPS‐tag deployment was the best predictor of southbound migratory distance. Our findings suggest that lesser yellowlegs travel long distances and traverse numerous political boundaries each year, and breeding location likely has the greatest influence on migratory routes and therefore the threats birds experience during migration. Further, the species' dependence on wetlands in agricultural landscapes during migration and the non‐breeding period may make them vulnerable to threats related to agricultural practices, such as pesticide exposure.
Fiscal Stimulus Under Average Inflation Targeting

The stimulus effects of expansionary fiscal policy under average inflation targeting (AIT) depends on both monetary and fiscal policy regimes. AIT features an inflation makeup under the monetary regime, but not under the fiscal regime. In normal times, AIT amplifies the short-run fiscal multipliers under both regimes while mitigating the cumulative multiplies due to intertemporal substitution. In a zero-lower-bound (ZLB) period, AIT reduces fiscal multipliers under a monetary regime by shortening the duration of the ZLB through expected inflation makeup. Under the fiscal regime, AIT has a nonlinear effect on fiscal multipliers because of the absence of inflation makeup and the presence of a nominal wealth effect.
DISENTANGLING CONFUSED STARS AT THE GALACTIC CENTER WITH LONG-BASELINE INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY

We present simulations of Keck Interferometer ASTRA and VLTI GRAVITY observations of mock star fields in orbit within ∼50 mas of Sgr A*. Dual-field phase referencing techniques, as implemented on ASTRA and planned for GRAVITY, will provide the sensitivity to observe Sgr A* with long-baseline infrared interferometers. Our results show an improvement in the confusion noise limit over current astrometric surveys, opening a window to study stellar sources in the region. Since the Keck Interferometer has only a single baseline, the improvement in the confusion limit depends on source position angles. The GRAVITY instrument will yield a more compact and symmetric point-spread function, providing an improvement in confusion noise which will not depend as strongly on position angle. Our Keck results show the ability to characterize the star field as containing zero, few, or many bright stellar sources. We are also able to detect and track a source down to mK ∼ 18 through the least confused regions of our field of view at a precision of ∼200 μas along the baseline direction. This level of precision improves with source brightness. Our GRAVITY results show the potential to detect and track multiple sources in the field. GRAVITY will perform ∼10 μas astrometry on an mK = 16.3 source and ∼200 μas astrometry on an mK = 18.8 source in 6 hr of monitoring a crowded field. Monitoring the orbits of several stars will provide the ability to distinguish between multiple post-Newtonian orbital effects, including those due to an extended mass distribution around Sgr A* and to low-order general relativistic effects. ASTRA and GRAVITY both have the potential to detect and monitor sources very close to Sgr A*. Early characterizations of the field by ASTRA, including the possibility of a precise source detection, could provide valuable information for future GRAVITY implementation and observation.
Probable reference evapotranspiration for Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Evapotranspiration data are important for water resources management and irrigation design and management. The present work aimed to determine the probable reference evapotranspiration for Chapecó, Santa Catarina. Daily data from 07/01/1973 to 11/30/2016 from the Chapecó meteorological station were used. Daily evapotranspiration was calculated using the Penman-Monteith method and grouped into pentads. The average, maximum and minimum values per pentad as well as average values for dry and rainy days were determined. The Beta probability distribution was adjusted for each pentad and the goodness of fit was evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and determination of the maximum error, mean error, and standard error of the estimate. Probable ETo values were determined for 50, 75, 80, 90, and 95% probability. The average monthly values obtained were 18 to 80% higher than those normally used in the region, with the greatest differences occurring in the winter months. It is observed that the mean values of ETo per pentad vary from 1.60 mm day-1 to 4.84 mm day-1. The ETo values of dry days are on average 38% higher than those of rainy days. The ETo with 75% of probability presents values of 10 to 32% superior to the values of ETo with 50% of probability, being the differences bigger in the winter months. For the design of irrigation projects in the Chapecó region, it is recommended to use ETo values with 75% probability.
Milimetre-band variability of the radio-quiet nucleus of NGC 7469

We report short-cadence monitoring of a radio-quiet Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), NGC7469, at 95 GHz (3 mm) over a period of 70 days with the CARMA telescope. The AGN varies significantly ($\pm3\sigma$ from the mean) by a factor of two within 4-5 days. The intrinsic 95 GHz variability amplitude in excess of the measurement noise (10%) and relative to the mean flux is comparable to that in the X-rays, and much higher than at 8.4 GHz. The mm-band variability and its similarity to the X-ray variability adds to the evidence that the mm and X-ray emission have the same physical origin, and are associated with the accretion disk corona.
Pion quasiparticle in the low-temperature phase of QCD

We investigate the properties of the pion quasiparticle in the low-temperature phase of two-flavor QCD on the lattice with support from chiral effective theory. We find that the pion quasiparticle mass is significantly reduced compared to its value in the vacuum, in contrast with the static screening mass, which increases with temperature. By a simple argument, near the chiral limit the two masses are expected to determine the quasiparticle dispersion relation. Analyzing two-point functions of the axial charge density at nonvanishing spatial momentum, we find that the predicted dispersion relation and the residue of the pion pole are consistent with the lattice data at low momentum. This test, based on fits to the correlation functions, is confirmed by a second analysis using the Backus-Gilbert method.
The fate of high-redshift massive compact galaxies

Massive high-redshift quiescent compact galaxies (nicknamed red nuggets) have been traditionally connected to present-day elliptical galaxies, often overlooking the relationships that they may have with other galaxy types. We use large bulge–disc decomposition catalogues based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to check the hypothesis that red nuggets have survived as compact cores embedded inside the haloes or discs of present-day massive galaxies. In this study, we designate a compact core as the bulge component that satisfies a prescribed compactness criterion. Photometric and dynamic mass–size and mass–density relations are used to show that, in the inner regions of galaxies at z ∼ 0.1, there are abundant compact cores matching the peculiar properties of the red nuggets, an abundance comparable to that of red nuggets at z ∼ 1.5. Furthermore, the morphology distribution of the present-day galaxies hosting compact cores is used to demonstrate that, in addition to the standard channel connecting red nuggets with elliptical galaxies, a comparable fraction of red nuggets might have ended up embedded in discs. This result generalizes the inside-out formation scenario; present-day massive galaxies can begin as dense spheroidal cores (red nuggets), around which either a spheroidal halo or a disc is formed later.
Spinal cord tissue engineering using human primary neural progenitor cells and astrocytes

Abstract Neural progenitor cell (NPC) transplantation is a promising approach for repairing spinal cord injury (SCI). However, cell survival, maturation and integration after transplantation are still major challenges. Here, we produced a novel centimeter‐scale human spinal cord neural tissue (hscNT) construct with human spinal cord neural progenitor cells (hscNPCs) and human spinal cord astrocytes (hscAS) on a linearly ordered collagen scaffold (LOCS). The hscAS promoted hscNPC adhesion, survival and neurite outgrowth on the LOCS, to form a linearly ordered spinal cord‐like structure consisting of mature neurons and glia cells. When transplanted into rats with SCI, the hscNT created a favorable microenvironment by inhibiting inflammation and glial scar formation, and promoted neural and vascular regeneration. Notably, the hscNT promoted neural circuit reconstruction and motor functional recovery. Engineered human spinal cord implants containing astrocytes and neurons assembled on axon guidance scaffolds may therefore have potential in the treatment of SCI.
HNCO enhancement by shocks in the L1157 molecular outflow

Context. The isocyanic acid (HNCO) has an extended distribution in the centers of the Milky Way and the spiral galaxy IC342. Based on both the morphology of the emission and the HNCO abundance with respect to H2, several authors hypothesized that HNCO could be a good tracer of interstellar shocks. Aims. We test this hypothesis by observing a well-known Galactic source whose chemistry is dominated by shocks. Methods. We observed several transitions of HNCO towards L1157-mm and two positions (B1 and B2) in the blue lobe of the molecular outflow. Results. The HNCO line profiles exhibit the same characteristics as other well-known shock tracers such as CH3OH, H2CO, SO, or SO2. The three molecules HNCO, SO2, and OCS are the only ones detected so far whose emission is more intense in B2 than in B1, making these species valuable probes of chemical differences along the outflow. The HNCO abundance with respect to H2 is (0.4–1.8) × 10 −8 in B1 and (0.3–1) × 10 −7 in B2. These abundances are the highest ever measured, and imply an increment with respect to L1157-mm of up to a factor of 83, demonstrating that this molecule is a good shock tracer. Conclusions. we demonstrate that shocks can produce the HNCO abundance measured in galactic nuclei and even higher values. We propose that the gas phase abundance of HNCO is produced by both grain mantle erosion by the shock waves and by neutral-neutral reactions in gas phase involving CN and O2. The observed anticorrelation between CN and HNCO fluxes supports this scenario. The observed similarities between the HNCO emission and sulfur-bearing molecules may be caused by formation pathways that also involve O2.
Factors influencing the post-implementation user satisfaction of SAP-ERPS

Enterprise resource planning systems (ERPs) have become an essential management tool for large and small companies alike. Although several papers on ERPs have been published in recent decades, only some studies have focused on user satisfaction during post-implementation. Based on the theories of technological acceptance and task-technology fit, we examine how the interrelationship of individual attitudes and matching between task and ERP affects user satisfaction in a public university that adopted an SAP-ERP. We distributed a questionnaire and analyzed the responses of 126 users using a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM model). Results show that perceived utility and overall benefits significantly predict user satisfaction. Moreover, overall benefits are influenced by the perception of efficiency in the task, improvements in coordination, and strategic alignment. Customization of the system had no statistical effect on the model.
COLD GASS, an IRAM legacy survey of molecular gas in massive galaxies – I. Relations between H2, H i, stellar content and structural properties

We are conducting COLD GASS, a legacy survey for molecular gas in nearby galaxies. Using the IRAM 30-m telescope, we measure the CO(1-0) line in a sample of similar to 350 nearby (D-L similar or equal to 100-200 Mpc), massive galaxies (log(M-*/M-circle dot) > 10.0). The sample is selected purely according to stellar mass, and therefore provides an unbiased view of molecular gas in these systems. By combining the IRAM data with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry and spectroscopy, GALEX imaging and high-quality Arecibo HI data, we investigate the partition of condensed baryons between stars, atomic gas and molecular gas in 0.1-10L* galaxies. In this paper, we present CO luminosities and molecular hydrogen masses for the first 222 galaxies. The overall CO detection rate is 54 per cent, but our survey also uncovers the existence of sharp thresholds in galaxy structural parameters such as stellar mass surface density and concentration index, below which all galaxies have a measurable cold gas component but above which the detection rate of the CO line drops suddenly. The mean molecular gas fraction MH2/M* of the CO detections is 0.066 +/- 0.039, and this fraction does not depend on stellar mass, but is a strong function of (NUV - r) colour. Through stacking, we set a firm upper limit of MH2/M-* = 0.0016 +/- 0.0005 for red galaxies with NUV - r > 5.0. The average molecular-to-atomic hydrogen ratio in present-day galaxies is 0.3, with significant scatter from one galaxy to the next. The existence of strong detection thresholds in both the HI and CO lines suggests that 'quenching' processes have occurred in these systems. Intriguingly, atomic gas strongly dominates in the minority of galaxies with significant cold gas that lie above these thresholds. This suggests that some re-accretion of gas may still be possible following the quenching event.
Psychological Characteristics Associated with Post-Treatment Physical Status and Quality of Life in Patients with Brain Tumor Undergoing Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy (RT) is a mainstay of treatment for brain tumors. To minimize the risk of side effects while maximizing the therapeutic effects, personalized treatment plans, consisting mainly of genomics, radiomics, and mathematical modeling, are increasingly being used. We hypothesize that personality characteristics could influence treatment outcomes and thus could be used to help personalize RT. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the psychological characteristics associated with post-treatment physical status and quality of life (QoL) in patients with brain tumors undergoing RT. Two psychological tests—the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory—were administered prior to RT. Physical parameters before and after RT were also assessed through the following tests: hand grip strength, Timed Up and Go test, 6 Min Walk Test, and Functional Independence Measure. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General (FACT-G) was used to assess QoL. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue (FACIT-F) was administered to assess fatigue. Neuroticism was significantly associated with low FACT-G Physical Well-Being scores. Psychoticism was associated with an improvement in physical fitness scores after RT. These findings suggest that personality traits should be considered when designing a personalized radiotherapy plan.
Fermi Surface and Mass Enhancement in KFe2As2 from de Haas-van Alphen Effect Measurements

We report on a band structure calculation and de Haas–van Alphen measurements of KFe 2 As 2 . Three cylindrical Fermi surfaces are found. Effective masses of electrons range from 6 to 18 m e , m e being the free electron mass. Remarkable discrepancies between the calculated and observed Fermi surface areas and the large mass enhancement (\({\gtrsim}3\)) highlight the importance of electronic correlations in determining the electronic structures of iron pnicitide superconductors.