Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parameter Estimation-Aided Edge Server Selection Mechanism for Edge Task Offloading

As the extension of cloud computing, edge computing has witnessed remarkable progress in the last few years. In edge computing, task offloading from edge device to edge server is becoming a promising technique that substantially enhances the quality of service for edge devices. Nevertheless, appropriate edge server selection for task offloading remains a challenge if multiple edge servers are selectable nearby. In this article, we propose a parameter estimation-aided edge server selection scheme for task offloading (PEESS) with multiple potential edge servers. The proposed scheme jointly leverages Baum-Welch algorithm and forward algorithm of hidden Markov model. That is, PEESS leverages Baum-Welch algorithm to estimate the parameters of potential edge servers based on their time-sequential incoming task records. Subsequently, the forward algorithm is utilized for the probability calculation of the observations based on the estimated parameters. Eventually, the probability calculation results are sorted in descending order, and the edge device selects the target edge server based on the sequence of sending requests to the available edge servers from optimal to suboptimal. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that PEESS outperforms other conventional and state-of-the-art edge server selection schemes in terms of time consumption and energy consumption.
A Publication of the Association of Management A CLASSIFICATION OF E-BUSINESS APPLICATIONS : PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Predictions that SMEs would be the primary beneficiaries of e-business have not materialized. One of the main reasons is the failure to understand the value of e-business in the SME environment. Researchers have argued that a classification of the myriad of possible e-business applications is a necessary first step in understanding this value. Some classifications exist, but few are based on established conceptual frameworks, are not comprehensive and do not permit useful comparisons. We propose a classification scheme based on the value chain model, consisting of 102 applications within nine categories. We apply the model to assess the current state of e-business among SMEs. The classification scheme and knowledge of the current state of e-business is expected to be of use to researchers, to SMEs and service providers and government agencies on whom SMEs are dependent, given limited internal resources.
KASAMBANG VILLAGE, MAMUJU DISTRICT: DEVELOPMENT OF PIKO HYDRO POWER PLANT USING FLOW RICE IRRIGATION IN KASAMBANG VILLAGE

Pico Hydro Power Plant (PLTPH) is one of the power plants that uses water as an energy source. Piko Hydro is included in the category of hydropower plants with small power because it does not need to use a water discharge that is too large to produce power. The tool developed in this study is a Pico Hydro Power Plant by Utilizing Flow Irrigation. The purpose of this research is to find out the results of the development of a Pico Hydro Power Plant, the electrical energy produced, and the community's response. The research method used is descriptive-quantitative with Research and Development (R&D) research and a prototype development model consisting of 4 steps, namely needs analysis, building prototypes, installing, and evaluating. The research data obtained by observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The results showed that the pico-hydro power plant works well, as indicated by the very good product validation value; the water wheel at the generator has a maximum power of 308 watts; and in development with the application of MPPT type charger control regulators, the results are able to stabilize the electrical energy produced and increase the power capability of the power plant with the help of a backup battery supply. For the results of the responses from the Kasambang Village community in Mamuju Regency, as many as 15 respondents obtained very decent results.
Auxetic materials and structures for potential defense applications: An overview and recent developments

Auxetic behavior is a promising new area for use in defense applications. In comparison to a conventional material, an auxetic material has superior properties because of having a negative Poisson’s ratio; it gets broadened when stretched or becomes smaller when compressed. Furthermore, auxetic materials have enhanced properties such as shear resistance, indentation resistance, fracture toughness, energy absorption, and so on. These improved properties make auxetic materials very appealing and have the potential to revolutionize their applications in aerospace, sports, automotive, construction, biomedical engineering, smart sensors, packaging, cushioning, air filtration, shock absorption and sound insulation, and defense personal protective equipment. This article examines the most recent scientific advances in auxetic materials and structures, such as auxetic textiles (fibers, yarns, and fabrics), auxetic textile-reinforced composites, and auxetic foams, as well as their exceptional auxetic behavior and various approaches to achieving them. Although many potential applications have been proposed, actual applications of auxetic materials in defense are still limited. This is an in-depth review article, and its main goal is to serve as a foundation for future studies concerning the topic.
High Patient’s Acceptance of Maryland Bridge: A Minimal Procedure Following Dental Trauma

Traumatic dental injuries are more prevalent in permanent than primary dentition, in which maxillary incisors are more affected. The global prevalence of traumatic tooth injuries ranges from 6 to 37%. According to one study, out of 1,657 schoolchildren (aged 5-8 years) surveyed, 2.7% had traumatic injuries to their anterior teeth. A completely knocked-out front tooth often occurs as a result of a traumatic dental injury, which produces psychological and functional distress for the patient and should be treated immediately. There are various treatment options such as reimplantation, removable partial dentures, or fixed dentures, which are often not applicable or inconvenient for the patient, especially in young patients where bone growth is ongoing. Therefore, a resin-bonded fixed partial denture such as Maryland bridge is a treatment option for young patients who needed a replacement for missing anterior teeth before their growth and development was fully complete.
Survival Analysis of Primary Tumor Staging (T), Lymph Node Status (N), Tumor Grading, Cell Subtype, Lymphovascular Invasion Status, and Preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio Values in Penile Cancer

Background: Penile cancer is rare but has a major impact on patients and health workers in its management. In penile cancer, tumors can grow anywhere in all parts of the penis, starting from the glans penis, foreskin, and shaft of the penis, which can spread and damage the surrounding tissue structures such as the pubic bone, scrotum, and others. No studies specifically analyze the survival of penile cancer. Aim: This study assessed the relationship between primary tumor staging, lymph node status, tumor grading, cell subtype, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the survival of penile cancer patients. Material & Methods: This study was a survival analysis study with a retrospective cohort design. Primary tumor staging (T), lymph node status (N), tumor grading, cell subtype, LVI status, and preoperative NLR values are independent variables included. The dependent variables are survival time and mortality. Descriptive analysis, Kaplan-Meier curve analysis, and Cox Proportional Hazard Regression test were performed. Results: Eighty (80) subjects with a mean age of 55.71 ± 12.45 years old. Forty-one percent of the subjects died with a mean survival time of 60.65 months (95% CI 51.25-70.04). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that staging N3 and the condylomatous subtype at the time of diagnosis increased the risk of mortality with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.55 (95% CI 1.03 – 12.31) and 6.77 (95% CI). 1.02 – 44.85), respectively. Conclusion: Lymph node staging N3 and condylomatous subtype were factors with poorer survival prognosis.
Devising technological solutions for gas sensors based on zinc oxide for use at critical infrastructure facilities

This paper reports a study of a gas sensor based on nanostructured zinc oxide in order to establish the conditions for its production and operating characteristics under the influence of the target gas ethanol. The studied samples were produced by magnetron sputtering on direct current. The method of forming the device structure was chosen among others due to the fact that it has a high rate of deposition at low values of the working gas pressure, there is no overheating of the substrate, a low degree of contamination of the obtained films, the possibility of obtaining samples of uniform thickness on a large area of the substrate. A VUP-5M vacuum unit with an original material-saving magnetron was used to obtain the films. Studies of the effect of temperature on the resistance of a gas sensor based on ZnO have been carried out. It was established that the change in the resistance of the tested sample depends on the temperature of the substrate. The resistance of the gas sensor in atmospheric air decreases with increasing substrate temperature from room temperature (25 °C) to 200 °C. A further increase in temperature from 200 °C leads to an increase in the resistance of the structure until it stabilizes in the temperature range of 300–400 °C. It was established that the operating temperature range of the gas sensor based on ZnO is within 300–400 °C. The characteristics of the gas sensor based on ZnO were studied and the working temperature of the sensor was determined for the rapid identification of ethanol in atmospheric air at a target gas concentration of 500 ppm. It was established that for rapid operation of the instrument structure, the temperature of the substrate should be 400 °C, a decrease or increase in temperature leads to a decrease in the sensitivity of the sensor to the target gas. It was established that the gas sensor demonstrates stability and a consistent sensitivity response upon repeated exposure to the target gas
Assessment of factors influencing glymphatic activity and implications for clinical medicine

The glymphatic system is a highly specialized fluid transport system in the central nervous system. It enables the exchange of the intercellular fluid of the brain, regulation of the movement of this fluid, clearance of unnecessary metabolic products, and, potentially, brain immunity. In this review, based on the latest scientific reports, we present the mechanism of action and function of the glymphatic system and look at the role of factors influencing its activity. Sleep habits, eating patterns, coexisting stress or hypertension, and physical activity can significantly affect glymphatic activity. Modifying them can help to change lives for the better. In the next section of the review, we discuss the connection between the glymphatic system and neurological disorders. Its association with many disease entities suggests that it plays a major role in the physiology of the whole brain, linking many pathophysiological pathways of individual diseases.
Rugosa and tabulata

Compound Stauriida; commonly with axially somewhat thickened lathlike columella continuous in early stages with cardinal and counter septa but later commonly with counter septum only; tabular floors conical; tabulae complete or incomplete; diphymorphs in which columella fails and tabulae flatten are common, some develop an aulos; dissepimentarium commonly normal, concentric with subglobose dissepiments, and minor septa commonly continuous longitudinally; cardinal fossula not distinct. Carb. -Perm.
The Role of One-Carbon Metabolism in Healthy Brain Aging

Aging results in more health challenges, including neurodegeneration. Healthy aging is possible through nutrition as well as other lifestyle changes. One-carbon (1C) metabolism is a key metabolic network that integrates nutritional signals with several processes in the human body. Dietary supplementation of 1C components, such as folic acid, vitamin B12, and choline are reported to have beneficial effects on normal and diseased brain function. The aim of this review is to summarize the current clinical studies investigating dietary supplementation of 1C, specifically folic acid, choline, and vitamin B12, and its effects on healthy aging. Preclinical studies using model systems have been included to discuss supplementation mechanisms of action. This article will also discuss future steps to consider for supplementation. Dietary supplementation of folic acid, vitamin B12, or choline has positive effects on normal and diseased brain function. Considerations for dietary supplementation to promote healthy aging include using precision medicine for individualized plans, avoiding over-supplementation, and combining therapies.
Inspection of Capparis spinosa essential oils for quality assurance of fish burgers during refrigerated storage

Abstract Fish products are highly perishable as a result of easy spoilage by microorganism populations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Capparis spinosa essential oils (CSEOs) on physicochemical, sensory, oxidative, and microbiological attributes for fish burgers during refrigerated storage (8 days). For this purpose, CSEOs were prepared by water distillation (CS‐WD), CO2 supercritical fluid (CS‐SCF), subcritical water (CS‐SW) to determine bioactive substances. Total phenol and flavonoid contents and also antioxidant activity were measured in CSEOs extracted by these procedures and phytochemical identification was performed through gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. These essential oils (EOs) were used at 0.2% in fish burgers, and controls (without additives) and those containing sodium erythorbate were also prepared. Physicochemical, oxidative, microbiological, and sensory functions were examined every 2 days. Phytochemicals were found in CSEOs, and the highest was related to isopropyl isothiocyanate. Addition of CSEOs led to dark, yellow and red colors for fish burgers compared with control. The manufacture of primary and secondary products in oxidation and different microorganisms in samples were significantly decreased by CSEOs compared with controls (p < .05). The antioxidant feature of the burger with CS‐SCF was higher than that of the sample treated with CS‐WD, but these EOs indicated almost the same antimicrobial attributes, and the lowest antioxidant and microbial activities were found for CS‐SW in the fish burger. The sensory results demonstrated that CSEOs did not reduce scores, which maintained the acceptance quality of burgers during refrigerated storage. As a conclusion, CSEOs can be used as effective antioxidants and preservatives in burgers, and sensory acceptance was preserved during storage.
Beliefs about the Nature of Forgiveness and Avoidance of an Offender among Chinese College Students

Previous research on beliefs about the nature of forgiveness (unconditional and conditional) has focused on their effects on health and well-being. However, little is known about how they influence victims’ responses to interpersonal offenses. Given that avoidance is a common response to offenses during early adulthood, this study investigated the relationships between beliefs in unconditional and conditional forgiveness and avoidance of an offender among Chinese college students, the mediating role of forgiveness, and the moderating role of whether or not the offender explains the offense. Participants were 423 Chinese college students. They were asked to recall an unforgettable incident in which another person had offended them, and then completed the following measures: the offender’s explanation, the belief in unconditional/conditional forgiveness, forgiveness, and avoidance of the offender. The study found that: (1) Victims’ belief in unconditional forgiveness negatively predicts their avoidance of an offender, whereas their belief in conditional forgiveness positively predicts the avoidance of an offender. (2) Forgiveness mediates the relationships between beliefs in unconditional and conditional forgiveness and avoidance of an offender. (3) The offender’s explanation moderates the relationships between the belief in conditional forgiveness and forgiveness, as well as avoidance of an offender.
Assessment of Knowledge Gap on Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) among Tobacco Vendors in Puducherry: A Mixed-Method Study

Background: Tobacco usage has been identified as a leading preventable cause of mortality and is responsible for six million fatalities per year globally. India had enacted COTPA in 2003. Tobacco vendors are one of the key stakeholders for Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) implementation. Objective: To assess the knowledge gap on COTPA and to explore the perceived factors influencing implementation of COTPA among tobacco vendors in Puducherry. Materials and Methods: A mixed-method study was conducted among tobacco vendors from Point of Sale (PoS) around 230 educational institutions (schools and degree colleges) in Puducherry for three months. Simple random sampling was applied to select educational institutions and the tobacco vendors from PoS located around these institutions were included. Data capture was done using a pretested, face-validated questionnaire incorporated in Epicollect software 5 and data analysis by SPSSv24. Purposive sampling was employed to conduct in-depth interviews among tobacco vendors till the point of saturation and manual content analysis performed. Written informed consents were sought. Institutional Ethical Committee approval was obtained. Results: Majority (95.7%) reported that they were aware of tobacco control legislation, but only one person had heard of COTPA. Awareness about the display of signage boards at PoS was observed in 75.7% vendors. Around 41.7% reported that they should not advertise any kind of tobacco products. Three major themes were identified: facilitators, barriers, and suggested measures for COTPA implementation. Conclusion: Tobacco vendors in Puducherry were aware of tobacco control legislations but not familiar with the COTPA and its provisions. It is necessary to put forth efforts to educate these important stakeholders to be more cognizant of COTPA and to effectively include them in anti-tobacco programs.
Thinking beyond the virus: perspective of patients on the quality of hospital care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has a huge impact on the healthcare system and affects the normal delivery of routine healthcare services to hospitalized patients. This study aimed to examine the differences in patient experience of hospital service before and during COVID-19 among the discharged adult population. Methods A territory-wide patient experience survey was conducted before and during COVID-19 (between October 2019 and April 2020) among patients discharged from the main acute and rehabilitation public hospitals in Hong Kong. A hierarchical ordinal logistic model was employed to examine the difference in multiple dimensions of patient experience, with adjustments of covariates. Results In total, 9,800 participants were recruited. During the pandemic, there was a marginally significant increase in overall care rating (AOR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.99–1.27), and an improvement in the timeliness of admission. However, significant reductions in patients’ confidence in nurses were observed. Communication of information regarding medication side effects reduced significantly (AOR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.64–0.82). Conclusion The patients hospitalized during the pandemic reported worse responsiveness in communication in their patient journey than those admitted before the pandemic. These findings will help develop appropriate strategies to address patients’ concerns in the new normal.
Some Middle Ordovician brachiopods and trilobites from the Basin Ranges, western United States

_________________________________________ _ · 1ntroduction ______________________________________ _ i Purpose and scope of report _____________________ _ 1 Treatment of paleontological materiaL ___________ _ Acknowledgments ______________________________ _ 1 Stratigraphic summary _________________________ _ ~ystematic paleontOlogy ____________________________ _ Phylum Brachiopoda ___________________________ _ Class Articulata ___________________________ _ Genus Orthambonites ___________________ _ Plaesiomys ______________________ _ Hesperorthis ___ __________________ _ Ptychopleurella __________________ _ V alcourea _______________________ _ Desmorthis ______________________ _ Skenidioides __ ___________________ _ Atelelasma _______________________ _ Oxoplecia _______________________ _ Stenocamara ____ _________________ _ Leptellina ___________________ Sowerbyella ___ ___________________ _ M acrocoelia _____________________ _ Laticrura _______________________ ~ Phylum Arthropoda ____________________________ _ Class Trilobita ____________________________ _ Genus Trinodus _______________________ _ Shuntardia ______________________ _ Carolinites ______________________ _ Remopleurides ___________________ _ I sotelus _________________________ _ I soteloides _______________________ _ M egistaspis _____________________ _ N ileus ___ _______________________ _ Il~enops~ __________ 7 ___________ _ Page·
Composition and ecophysiological proficiency of tidal freshwater forested wetlands: Investigating basin, landscape, and microtopographic scales

A hierarchical approach to forest community assessment was conducted by first focusing on landscape associations to edaphic factors among major tidal freshwater forested wetland basins in the Southeast. Four general tree communities exist along coastal rivers in the southeastern United States, based on the most prominent species in each: Water Tupelo, Swamp Tupelo, Dwarf Palmetto, and Cabbage Palm. Microhabitat usage and preference by trees were then examined, both across all species and within species, as related to such factors as coast, presence on rivers with dams, tree community assemblage, relative distance from the river, specific river basin, and microsite availability. There are significant differences in the relative use of microsites in relation to most factors, both on a species-specific basis, and across all species. Twenty-one species use hummocks more than hollows, while only three species use hollows more. Finally, the processes driving these preferences in individual trees through dedicated water use studies on baldcypress trees in various settings (e.g., flooded vs. non, on hummocks vs. in hollows, in slightly saline vs. freshwater environments) were examined. While mature baldcypress trees increase rates of sap flow during flooded conditions, their rates of sap flow are not influenced by microsite position, and they have lower total sap flow in higher salinity environments. Sap flow rates are maximized at different radial depths into sapwood that differ with salinity. This study increases our understanding of tidal freshwater forested wetlands at the regional level, thereby providing a better base of knowledge from which future management goals can draw. A broad understanding of