Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Cosmic Fullerenes in the Almahata Sitta Meteorite: Are They an Interstellar Heritage?

Buckminsterfullerene, C60, is the largest molecule observed to date in interstellar and circumstellar environments. The mechanism of formation of this molecule is actively debated. Despite targeted searches in primitive carbonaceous chondrites, no unambiguous detection of C60 in a meteorite has been reported to date. Here we report the first firm detection of fullerenes, from C30 to at least C100, in the Almahata Sitta (AhS) polymict ureilite meteorite. This detection was achieved using highly sensitive laser desorption laser ionization mass spectrometry. Fullerenes have been unambiguously detected in seven clasts of AhS ureilites. Molecular family analysis shows that fullerenes are from a different reservoir compared to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons detected in the same samples. The fullerene family correlates best with carbon clusters, some of which may have been formed by the destruction of solid carbon phases by the impacting laser. We show that the detected fullerenes are not formed in this way. We suggest that fullerenes are an intrinsic component of a specific carbon phase that has yet to be identified. The nondetection of fullerenes in the Murchison and Allende bulk samples, while using the same experimental conditions, suggests that this phase is absent or less abundant in these primitive chondrites. The former case would support the formation of fullerenes by shock-wave processing of carbonaceous phases in the ureilite parent body. However, there are no experimental data to support this scenario. This leaves open the possibility that fullerenes are an interstellar heritage and a messenger of interstellar processes.
Stock Trading Optimization through Model-based Reinforcement Learning with Resistance Support Relative Strength (preprint)

Reinforcement learning (RL) is gaining attention by more and more researchers in quantitative finance as the agent-environment interaction framework is aligned with decision making process in many business problems. Most of the current financial applications using RL algorithms are based on model-free method, which still faces stability and adaptivity challenges. As lots of cutting-edge model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) algorithms mature in applications such as video games or robotics, we design a new approach that leverages resistance and support (RS) level as regularization terms for action in MBRL, to improve the algorithm's efficiency and stability. From the experiment results, we can see RS level, as a market timing technique, enhances the performance of pure MBRL models in terms of various measurements and obtains better profit gain with less riskiness. Besides, our proposed method even resists big drop (less maximum drawdown) during COVID-19 pandemic period when the financial market got unpredictable crisis. Explanations on why control of resistance and support level can boost MBRL is also investigated through numerical experiments, such as loss of actor-critic network and prediction error of the transition dynamical model. It shows that RS indicators indeed help the MBRL algorithms to converge faster at early stage and obtain smaller critic loss as training episodes increase.
Roles of to~oisomerase IV and DNA gyrask in DNA unlinkin a during replication in Escheric ia coli

For a cell to complete DNA replication, every link between the Watson-Crick strands must be removed by topoisomerases. Previously, we reported that the inhibition of topoisomerase IV (topo IV) leads to the accumulation of catenated plasmid replicons to a steady-state level of -10%. Using pulse labeling with [3~]thymidine in Escherichia coli, we have found that in the absence of top0 IV activity, nearly all newly synthesized plasmid DNA is catenated. Pulse-chase protocols revealed that catenanes are metabolized even in the absence of top0 IV and that the residual turnover is carried out by DNA gyrase at a rate of -O.Ol/sec. Using extremely short pulse-labeling times, we identified significant amounts of replication catenanes in wild-type cells. The rate of catenane unlinking in wild-type cells by the combined activities of top0 IV and DNA gyrase was -l/sec. Therefore, gyrase is 100-fold less efficient than top0 IV in plasmid replicon decatenation in vivo. This may explain why a fully functional gyrase cannot prevent the catenation of newly synthesized plasmid DNA and the partition phenotype of top0 IV mutants. We conclude that catenanes are kinetic intermediates in DNA replication and that the essential role of top0 IV is to unlink daughter replicons.
Corporeality/subjectivity in clinical psychology: weaving theoretical--epistemological threads to embroider a complex object of study

: This essay aimed to present the initial development of a notion of a human corporeality/subjectivity in the field of clinical psychology, based on the notion of subject proposed by Edgar Morin in his work The method . The researchers understand that the insertion of this notion in the epistemological discussions of this field of knowledge, regarding the problem of fragmentation of the notion of subjectivity, can contribute with initial reflections to think about a possible alternative of integration of its object of study. Based on complex thought, a first definition is proposed, pointing to four main dimensions and their respective notions: that of the individual-subject, consisting of three complex systems (organic-sensori-motor, psychic-affective-relational and mental); that of eco-subjectivity; the socio-historical-cultural; and that of the species. The study concludes by considering the ontological and epistemological challenges inherent to the problem of subjectivity fragmentation, relating them to the problem of unity in Psychology, and indicating the need for their confrontation by the proposal presented.
of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide applicators in Finland: first report of an ongoing prospective cohort study.

Mortality of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide applicators in Finland: First report of an ongoing prospective cohort study. Scand j work environ health 8 (1982) 37-42. Some recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that chlorinated phenoxy acid herbicides are human carcinogens. The mortality experience in a cohort of 1,926 men who had sprayed 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) during 1955-1971 has been followed prospectively from 1972 to 1980. The total phenoxy acid exposure was generally rather low because the duration of work had mostly been less than two months. In 1972-1976 mortality from all natural causes in the cohort was only 54 % of the expected value (based on age-specific rates for the general population), and in the succeeding 4-a period 81 % of the expected value. In the assessment of cancer, mortality allowance was made for 10- and 15-a periods of latency between the first exposure and the start of the recording of vital status during the follow-up. No increase in cancer mortality was detected, and the distribution of cancer types was unremarkable. No cases of death from lymphomas or soft tissue sarcomas were found. The study results must, however, be viewed with great caution owing to the small size of the cohort, the low past exposure, and the brief follow-up period.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Students’ Perception of Their School’s Teaching and Learning Interactions and KCSE Performance in Public Secondary Schools of Kibwezi Sub -County, Makueni County, Kenya

The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between students’ perception of their school’s teaching and learning interactions and KCSE performance in public secondary schools of Kibwezi Sub -County, Makueni County. A descriptive survey design was used targeting all principals, heads of curriculum departments and KCSE graduates in the 61 secondary schools in Kibwezi SubCounty, Makueni County. Stratified sampling was used to select 12 schools, comprising 6 schools from the top performing category and 6 from the bottom performing category. Purposive sampling was used to select the informants. The study participants comprised 12 principals, 13 Heads of Curriculum departments and 12 KCSE graduate students in the 12 selected schools. The researcher used descriptive survey design for the study. Questionnaires, interview guide and document analysis were used as data collection instruments. Results from both the low and high performing schools were compared at the three categories of respondents. The study revealed that students from the high performing schools perceived the teaching and learning interactions employed in their schools to be collaborative and student centred. Similarly, the principals and the HODs in the high performing schools also agreed with the statements requiring them to indicate whether they employed collaborative and student centred teaching and learning interactions. T-test run on mean responses between the two groups revealed significant differences in favour of collaborative and student centred teaching and learning interactions. Students’ positive perception of their school teaching and learning interactions relate to students’ KCSE performance in public secondary schools. From the results, the study recommends that school administrators should be encouraged to improve on management of academic programmes by Interactive and student centred teaching and learning styles. In order to attain better in National exams, schools should ensure that appropriate teaching interactions that motivate students are put into place. The schools should also aim at developing feedback mechanisms to inform appropriate adjustments in the way the schools are run.
In situ behaviour of cemented hydraulic and paste backfills and the use of instrumentation in optimising efficiency

Better understanding of in situ backfill behaviour can allow mines to optimise backfilling efficiency. To this end, a significant quantity of fieldwork has recently been conducted by University of Toronto (U of T) and Mine Design Engineering (MDEng.), focused on in situ measurements in cemented paste backfill. Using these ‘production friendly’ instrumentation approaches, new fieldwork data from two of Vale’s Canadian operations are presented, to demonstrate how instrumentation can be applied to better define the behaviour of cemented hydraulic backfills. Instrumentation consists of clusters of total earth pressure cells, piezometers (for pore pressure) and thermistors that are placed remotely in open stopes, and mounted on barricades. Backfilling with cemented hydraulic fill requires consideration of drainage and potential segregation affects, which are not associated with paste. In situ data demonstrates the transition of the backfill from a fluid to soil-like material at various locations in backfilling stopes. Within a relatively coarse grained (i.e. sand) cemented hydraulic fill, this transition occurred relatively quickly (after three hours). For a sand and tailings blend of cemented hydraulic fill however, the hydrostatic loading condition persisted for between 12 and 24 hours. During backfilling, this information, combined with barricade pressure data, was used to optimise requirements for the post-plug cure period, saving up to three days of stope cycle time. The measurements in hydraulic fill are contrasted with previous fieldwork data from cemented paste backfill. Strength gain mechanics differ between the fill types, through the requirement for drainage in hydraulic fills, whereas cement content and self-desiccation mechanisms appear to dominate in situ measurements in paste. Hydraulic fills exhibit particle size segregation which results in spatial variation in cement content, and so spatially distinct pressure and temperature responses for the interpreted coarse and fine grain zones were measured. A measured low temperature zone was interpreted to represent a coarse grain size fill with an at rest earth pressure coefficient similar to that of a dense sand. A high temperature zone was interpreted to represent a fine grain size fill which features higher cement content. The significantly greater temperature measured in the binder-rich areas are thought to induce ‘thermal expansion’ generated pressure increases. This work demonstrates the potential for instrumentation to feature as part of a considered quality control policy (that includes barricade construction and drainage checks) to safely optimise backfilling efficiency.
Calibration of Factors of Safety for Slope Stability of Dikes

A 3D slope stability problem with spatially varying shear strength parameters has been analysed using the 3D random finite element method. This method links random fields of the random variables, in this case, cohesion and friction angle, with the finite element method within a Monte Carlo framework. The influence of spatial variability on calculated factors of safety and failure consequence has been investigated, and the results compared with a simpler 3D solution proposed by Vanmarcke. The simpler approach predicted a lower probability of failure under certain conditions, although, at high levels of anisotropy of the heterogeneity, the solutions converged. The reasons for the different solutions have been evaluated.
Designing Action–Sound Metaphors Using Motion Sensing and Descriptor-Based Synthesis of Recorded Sound Materials

In this chapter, we present a general methodology for designing interactive musical systems, using movement sensing and descriptor-based synthesis of recorded sound materials. Importantly, the design principles focus on action-sound metaphors that can be built upon audio features of recorded sound materials and their possible relationships to human movement. We describe the critical design choices, including sensing technologies, movement analysis, and action-sound models, along with application examples.
A re-examination of the relationship between Steller sea lion diet and population trend using data from the Aleutian Islands

Complete List of Authors: Fritz, Lowell; NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center Brost, Brian; NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center Laman, Edward; NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center Luxa, Katie; NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center Sweeney, Kathryn; NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center Thomason, James; NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center Tollit, Dominic; SMRU Canada, SMRU Consulting NA Walker, William ; NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center Zeppelin, Tonya; NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center
Behavioural interventions in the treatment of eating disorders

eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can’t change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/
Threonine Requirement in Female Broilers Affected by Age and Dietary Amino Acid Levels

The reported threonine requirement for the maximum performance of broilers ranges widely. To clarify the reasons of these wide ranges, two experiments were conducted using female Arbor Acres strain broilers. In Experiment 1, to elucidate the effect of age on the threonine requirement, six feeds containing graded concentrations of dietary threonine from 0.70 to 0.90% were supplied to the broilers at four growing stages from 5 to 15, 15 to 25, 25 to 35 and 35 to 45 days of age. In Experiment 2, to confirm the effect of age and amino acid levels on the threonine requirement, the feeds containing two levels of amino acids, 90 and 100% of the NRC requirement, with six graded concentrations of threonine were supplied to the broilers at 8 to 18 and 28 to 35 days of age. At the end of each experiment, the body weight gain and feed consumption were recorded. The dietary threonine requirement expressed as a percentage of diet and crude protein level for the maximum body weight gain and feed efficiency decreased with age and had a tendency to increase with increasing dietary amino acid levels. The amount of threonine per kg body weight gain increased with age, but the effect by increasing dietary amino acid levels was not clear. (Jpn. Poult. Sci., 32: 329-336, 1995)
Chromatin Fine-Structure Mapping of the Goat rF Gene in Fetal Erythroid Tissue

Using a restriction enzyme accessibility assay, we have previously demonstrated that the chromatin structure immediately proximal to the goat , ,C, and ,Aglobin genes changes in a manner which parallels their developmentally regulated expression. More specifically, the PvuII recognition sequence, located 9 nucleotides upstream from the transcriptional start site in each of the three genes, is accessible to digestion only in nuclei prepared from erythroid tissue in which the respective gene product is expressed. Here we describe two restriction enzyme sites further upstream from the transcription start sites (HindIlI at -700 and SacI at -480) which were not accessible to digestion in fetal erythroid nuclei. Conversely, two sites within the second coding block of the , gene (AccI at +276 and BamHI at +470) were accessible in fetal erythroid tissue. The corresponding sites in the ,Sc and jA genes were not available for digestion in the same fetal tissue. Processive exonuclease HI digestion in situ from the three accessible restriction enzyme sites in the hF gene allowed us to define more closely the limits of these open regions. Resistance to exonuclease III digestion was encountered at or near both intron-exon junctions flanking the first intervening sequence of the pF gene. Conversely, no resistance to exonuclease III digestion was evident in either the first or second coding blocks or the 5' untranslated region. Digestion upstream from the PvuII site of the pF gene was negligible. High-resolution mapping by Si nuclease analysis indicated that the endpoint of exonuclease III digestion from this site lay immediately downstream of the ATA box.
, Julia , 1991-T 197 d AmaDeep-learning segmentation for skin lesion images /

Skin cancer has a high cure rate during its early stages, but can become fatal if left untreated. A skin lesion may range from a benign type of lesion such as nevus and actinic keratosis, to a cancerous type such as carcinoma or melanoma. The latter is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, and causes the most deaths. In the context of medical image analysis, obtaining the location of the region of interest is an important step for physicians, which assists, for instance, in the preparation of medical records and the monitoring of the progression of diseases. In those cases, the use of automatic tools can be very useful. As in other medical domains, the location of skin lesions in the images is also relevant because aspects such as irregular growth of the lesion and the presence of some tumor markers may occur in the peripheral regions or in its borders. In recent years, many new solutions have been proposed to tackle the task of image segmentation, leveraging the use of deep neural networks. Most of those solutions focus on the more general task of segmenting objects of different types. The use of these approaches are relatively new in the skin lesion domain. In this work, we provide an overview of this literature, explore a subset of the main ideas with a series of experiments on a dataset of dermoscopic images and propose an open-sourced implementation that achieves a promising Jaccard score of 0.754.
Numerical simulation of ramp induced shock wave/boundary-layer interaction in turbulent flow

Abstract A computational study has been carried out to analyse the shock wave turbulent boundary layer interaction in a two-dimensional compression ramp flow for a free stream Mach number of 2·94. Ramp angles ranging from 8° to 24° are used to produce the full range of possible flow fields, including flows with minor separation, moderate separation, and significant amount of separation. The model has been analysed using 2D numerical simulations based on a commercially available Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Code, Fluent, that employs k-ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model. The computed data for surface pressure distribution indicated a good agreement with experiment. Numerical results obtained through the present series of computations indicate an increased extent of separated zone, and thus show increased upstream influence when compared to experiment. Total pressure loss has shown to increase downstream of separation location and increase when corner angle increases. Secondary separation has been observed for higher angles.
Karyomorphological Studies in Genus Ocimum II. Sanctum Group

Ocimum belonging to family Labiatae is a tropical genus with about 160 species, including many important aromatic plants. Briquet (1897) divided this genus into three sections viz., Ocimodon, Hierocimum and Gymnocimum on the basis of the filament characters and each section was further sub-divided on the basis of calyx characters. Sobti and Pushpangadan (1977) divided this genus on the basis of morphological and cytological characters into two subgroups Basilicum and Sanction. Pushpangadan et al. (1975) carried out the karyomorphological studies of the Basilicum group. The present communication reports the karyomorphological in vestigations of the five species alongwith their different geographical races of the Sanctum Group.
Physical and chemical attributes of a soil cultivated with rubber tree under three management strategies Atributos físicos e químicos de um solo cultivado com seringueira sob três sistemas de manejo

Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a native species of the Amazon biome. This species had great economic importance due to the production of latex, used to obtain natural rubber. Seeking growth in productivity with adequate management is necessary to optimize production and increase areas with rubber trees. This study aimed to verify the physical and chemical attributes of soil under three different managements and two rubber tree clones, searching for the best alternative for the general edaphoclimatic conditions of the Cerrado biome. The experiment was installed in Palmeiras of Goiás, GO, Brazil, in a randomized block design in a 2×3 factorial arrangement, consisting of two rubber tree clones (PB 312 and RRIM 600) and three management strategies (organomineral fertilizer with poultry litter, pigeon pea as green manure, and mechanical mowing-brushcutter). Physical attributes such as soil density, soil penetration resistance, soil moisture and aggregation, soil fertility, and tree development were analyzed. Statistical analyses of variance and Tukey test were carried out in order to compare the dendrometric data and physical and chemical attributes of the soil under the different treatments applied in the inter-row of rubber trees. No significant statistical differences were found among treatments and between clones in relation to soil physical attributes. However, the soil pH reduced the use of organomineral fertilizer and the clone RRIM 600 had the highest heights.
ON THE NATURE OF THE POLYMORPHISM OF THE SMALL SUBUNIT OF RIBULOSE-I,S-DIPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE

The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the small subunit of ribulose-l,5-disphosphate carboxylase from the amphidiploid Nicotiana tabacum contains two polymorphisms. From examination of the equivalent sequences in the putative parent species Nicotiana sylvestris and tomentosiformis it is concluded that the amphidiploid Nicotiana tabacum has inherited two alleles for the small subunit of ribulose diphosphate carboxylase, one from each parent species. The alleles continue to be retained and expressed. The relevance of these findings is discussed in relation to the successful adaption of the amphidiploid Nicotiana tabacum to a wide range of environments.