Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of small size bedload sediment transport and its related bedform under different uniform flow conditions

A laboratory study has explored to determine the influence of current uniform flow conditions on bedload of different small size sediment particle beds and its bed formations. The influence of uniform flow and its related near bed turbulent flow conditions on bedload sediment transport and its related bedform in relatively low, mild and steep slopes channel has been experimentally investigated. Four sediment particle sizes were evaluated in the experimental study: (1) fine sand (0.2 mm), coarse sand (1.6 mm), very coarse sand (2.8 mm), and fine grain (4.4 mm). A traditional experimental technique was developed to enable accurate performance for sediment particle transport measurement. The technique of estimating the transport rate of sediment particles is based on the trap measuring device. The trap was assessed for their efficiency by observation and photograph method. This enables the measurement of the area of the movable sediment particles to be determined by the collection of the particles in traps. The traps with an inlet width of 29 cm, a length of 15 cm and a height of 6 cm were selected to collect sediment particles. The sediment transport rates were then predicted using well known sediment transport equations. This paper presents results from the laboratory study of the effects of various uniform flows on the bedload and its related bedform of the bimodal small sediment particle beds. The experiments are based on near bed turbulent flow forces on the bed resistance. The results show that the bedload and its related bedform are occurred by increasing the value of bed slope and the ratio of water depth to sediment particle size. The results obtained from the bedload and its related bedform present clearly the difference of four used material, which are necessary for computing the risk for different values of the particle Reynolds number. Key-Words: Bedload, bedform, sediment transport, sand, near bed turbulent flow, uniform current
EFFECT OF EARNINGS MANAGEMENT ON PERFORMANCE OF CORPORATE ORGANISATION IN NIGERIA

Infection Prevention (IP) and control is a programme which prevents cross infection between This study considers the effect of Earnings Management on Performance of Corporate Organisations in Nigeria. To achieve the objective of this study, a total of 17 firms quoted in the Nigerian stock exchange market under the consumer goods sector were selected and analyzed. The data for the study were extracted from corporate annual reports and accounts of selected firms for the period 2010-2014.T he study adopted Jones model ( ). Earnings management was measured by Nondiscretionary accruals obtained from modified Jones model and firm’s performance estimated by return on shareholders’ fund (ROSF), return on capital employed (ROCE), net profit after tax (PAT) and return on assets (ROA). Four research hypotheses were formulated for the study. The study adopted simple regression techniques for analysis with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. We found that earnings management has negative, but insignificant effect on the performance of corporate firms. Consequent upon this study, it was recommended that further research should be carried out on earnings management as it affects the performance of corporate firms in the entire sectors of the economy to ascertain the major areas where it significantly affect performance of firms. This will aid management by exception. Keyword:Corporate Organizations,Earnings management, performance of firms, corporate firms INTRODUCTION Information from the financial statement provides stakeholders, investors, analysts and managers with a picture of the financial performance of the organization overtime. Recent accounting practices allow a degree of choice of policies and professional judgment in ascertaining the method of measurement, basis for recognition, and even the definition of the accounting entity (Akenbor&Ibanichuka, 2012). This choice of accounting practice can involve a deliberate nonThis choice of accounting practice can involve a deliberate non-disclosure of information and manipulation of accounting figures, thereby making the business appear to be more profitable or less profitable and financially stronger than it is supposed to be. The reporting of financial information that stems from this practice provides users with accounting information that is misleading and this constitutes a threat to corporate investment and growth. Earnings management, in accounting context, can be defined as the act of intentionally influencing the process of financial reporting to obtain some personal gain. It involves the alteration of financial reports to mislead stakeholders about the organization's underlying performance, or to "influence contractual outcomes that depend on reported accounting numbers. "(Free Encyclopaedia 2005) Earnings management is recognized as attempts by management to influence or manipulate International Journal of Business Management and Economic Review Vol. 1, No. 03; 2018
Efficacy of Auxiliary Traits in Estimation of Breeding Value of Sires for Milk Production

: Data pertaining to 1111 first lactation performance record of Karan Fries (Holstein-Friesian X Zebu) cows spread over a period of 21 years and sired by 72 bulls were used to examine the efficiency of sire indices for lactation milk production using auxiliary traits. First lactation length, first service period, first c 이 ving interval, first dry period and age at first calving were considered as auxiliary traits. The efficiency of this method was compared with simple daughter average index (D), contemporary comparison method (CC), least-square method (LSQ), simplified regressed least-squares method (SRLS) and best linear unbiased pre 허 ction (BLUP) for lactation milk production. The relative efficiency of sire evaluation methods using one auxiliary trait was lower (24.2-32.8%) in comparison to CC method, the most efficient method observed in this study. Use of two auxiliary traits at a time did not further improve the efficiency. The auxiliary sire indices discriminate better among bulls as the range of breeding values were higher in these methods in comparison to conventional sire evaluation methods. The rank correlation between breeding values estimated using auxiliary traits were high (0.77-0.78) with CC method. The rank correlation among auxiliary sire indices ranged from 0.98 to 0.99, indicating similar ranking of sire for breeding values of milk production in all the auxiliary sire indices. (Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 1999, VoL 12 t No, 4 : 511-514)
Balancing risks of disturbance from mountain pine beetle and western spruce budworm

The effect of removing lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.) and retaining Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) to reduce the risk of disturbance from mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk.) in mixed conifer stands in southern British Columbia, Canada, on population processes influencing outbreaks of western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Free.) was evaluated in 10 paired (open vs. closed) field plots. Overall feeding damage to Douglas-fir was significantly, but only slightly, lower in open stands compared with closed stands. Although open plots tended to recruit more budworms, the losses resulting from the dispersal of spring-emerging budworms in search of feeding sites were significantly greater in open plots. The forest management benefits of these early season losses were mitigated, however, by more mortality of budworms from natural enemies, particularly diseases, in the closed plots during the budworm feeding period. These results are discussed in ter.
World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for Biological Treatment of Schizophrenia, Part 2: Long-term treatment of schizophrenia

These guidelines for the biological treatment of schizophrenia were developed by an international Task Force of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP). The goal during the development of these guidelines was to review systematically all available evidence pertaining to the treatment of schizophrenia, and to reach a consensus on a series of practice recommendations that are clinically and scientifically meaningful based on the available evidence. These guidelines are intended for use by all physicians seeing and treating people with schizophrenia. The data used for developing these guidelines have been extracted primarily from various national treatment guidelines and panels for schizophrenia, as well as from meta-analyses, reviews and randomised clinical trials on the efficacy of pharmacological and other biological treatment interventions identified by a search of the MEDLINE database and Cochrane Library. The identified literature was evaluated with respect to the strength of evidence for its efficacy and then categorised into four levels of evidence (A–D). This second part of the guidelines covers the long-term treatment as well as the management of relevant side effects. These guidelines are primarily concerned with the biological treatment (including antipsychotic medication, other pharmacological treatment options, electroconvulsive therapy, adjunctive and novel therapeutic strategies) of adults suffering from schizophrenia.
Effect of Thromboxane and Nitric Oxide Blockade on Renal Blood Flow Increase during Volume Expansion in Hydronephrotic Rats

Objective: It has recently been found that hydronephrotic rats, despite low diuresis, show a significant increase in renal blood flow (RBF) during volume expansion. The present experiments were designed to evaluate the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Material and methods: Three-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats underwent partial obstruction of the left ureter using the Ulm-Miller psoas groove technique. The effects on RBF were studied 3 weeks later under general anesthesia using real-time ultrasound flowmetry, first during normohydration and then during extracellular volume expansion, in both untreated animals, and after prior blockade of either thromboxane or nitric oxide. Results: Significant hydronephrosis developed in all cases. RBF was normal under control conditions. During volume expansion RBF increased significantly in untreated experimental animals (mean 7.5%). In contrast to this finding, RBF remained unchanged during volume expansion in both the thromboxane and nitric oxide blockade groups. Conclusion: It is concluded that a thromboxane- and/or nitric oxide-dependent RBF redistribution takes place in hydronephrotic kidneys during volume expansion.
Unraveling the Cu2+ Binding Sites in the C-Terminal Domain of the Murine Prion Protein: A Pulse EPR and ENDOR Study†

The mammalian prion protein (PrPC) is a cell surface protein consisting of a flexibly disordered N-terminal segment (residues 23−120) and a structured C-terminal domain (residues 121−231). PrPC is supposed to bind Cu2+ in vivo, and several studies have recently focused on the ability of this protein to bind divalent cations. In a previous continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW EPR) study, we showed that Cu(II) binds both to the N- and C-terminal parts of PrPC. Here we present a pulse EPR and electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) study of the three different Cu(II) binding sites observed in the structured, C-terminal part of the murine prion protein, mPrP(121−231). It was found that the three complexes are distinguished by a different number of nitrogen atoms directly involved in the Cu(II) ligation. For one of the Cu(II) binding sites that is observed at low pH (3−6), no directly coupled nitrogens could be observed. For a second type of Cu(II) complex, observed at pH 3−8, Davies-ENDOR and.
Effect of a colour dimorphism on the flower constancy of honey bees and bumble bees

We assessed the flower constancy of Italian honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica Spinelli, 1808) and bumble bees (Bombus impatiens Cresson, 1863) by presenting individual foragers with a mixed array of equally rewarding yellow and blue flowers after they were trained to visit each colour in succession. All honey bees showed a high degree of flower constancy to one colour and rarely visited the alternate colour, whereas most bumble bees indiscriminately visited both colours. Foraging rates (flowers visited per minute) and flower handling times did not differ between honey bee and bumble bee foragers; however, bumble bees tended to fly farther between consecutive flower visits and make fewer moves to nearest neighbouring flowers than honey bees. When bees were forced to specialize on one of two previously rewarding flower colours by depleting one colour of reward, honey bees required almost twice as many flower visits to specialize on the rewarding flower colour as bumble bees. Together, these results sugge.
AIR PARTICULATE POLLUTION AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS FOR CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN RENO, NEVADA

This study assessed the association between ambient PM10 pollution and daily hospital admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Reno-Sparks, Nevada, for the period 1990-1994. All three hospitals in the region were included. There was a total of 3115 admissions for COPD during this period. Daily ambient PM10 values were available from one of seven air monitoring stations in this region. Weather variables including temperature and wind speed were also collected from this station. The daily average concentration of PM10 was 36.55 mu g/m3. The generalized additive model (GAM) was used in the whole analysis. After adjusting for the effects of weather variables, day of week, seasons, and time trend, the results show that PM10 is a statistically significant predictor for daily hospital admissions for COPD. The relative risk (RR) of hospital admissions for COPD for an interquartile increase (26.6 mu g/m3) of the 24-h average level of PM10 is 1.049 (95% CI 1.011-1.087).
Brown seaweed meal to Nile tilapia fingerlings

EnglishThis work evaluated the effects of increasing levels of the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum meal (BSM) in the feed given to Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. The completely randomized design experiment lasted 42 days. Nile tilapia fingerlings (n=75) with an average age of 30 days and average weight of 0.43 ± 0.02 g were assigned to 25 plastic tanks and submitted to five treatments in five repetitions. The treatments were increasing levels of BSM (5, 10, 15, and 20 g kg -1 of feed) and a control feed (no BSM). Each experimental unit was made up of a 36 L plastic tank with three fingerlings. The parameters studied were final average weight, percentage of weight gain, apparent feed conversion ratio, total length and carcass yield with and without head. The final average weight, percentage of weight gain, and total length were not affected by the treatments (p>0.05). The apparent feed conversion ratio improved linearly (p portuguesEste trabalho avaliou os efeitos de niveis crescentes da farinha de alga marrom Ascophyllum nodosum (FAM) nas racoes para alevinos de tilapia do Nilo Oreochromis niloticus. O experi- mento, com delineamento inteiramente casua- lizado, durou 42 dias. Foram utilizados alevinos de tilapia do Nilo (n= 75) com idade media de 30 dias e peso medio de 0,43 ± 0,02 g, distribuidos em 25 tanques plasticos submetidos a cinco tratamentos e cinco repeticoes. Os tratamentos foram niveis crescentes de farinha de alga marrom (5, 10, 15 e 20 g kg -1 de racao) e uma racao controle (sem FAM). Cada unidade experimental foi composta por um tanque plastico de 36 L com tres alevinos. Foram estudados os parâmetros medios de peso final, percentagem de ganho de peso, taxa de conversao alimentar aparente, comprimento total e rendimento de carcaca, com e sem cabeca. As medias de peso final, percentagem de ganho de peso e comprimento total nao foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos (p>0,05). Os valores da taxa de conversao alimentar aparente melhoraram linearmente (p
Cardiovascular reflexes during treatment of social phobia with moclobemide

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular side-effects are less frequent with moclobemide than with tricyclic or monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressants. We performed a detailed assessment of cardiovascular reflexes in 15 patients meeting DSM-III-R criteria for social phobia, before treatment and whilst taking a stable dose of moclobemide for a median of 7 weeks. METHOD: Cardiovascular reflex responses to standing, deep breathing and the Valsalva manoeuvre were assessed using beat-by-beat blood pressure and heart rate recording. RESULTS: Moclobemide produced a statistically significant, but clinically modest, degree of improvement in social phobia symptoms. Only the maximum change in heart rate from supine to standing showed a change from before to after treatment, which was not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction, and there was no consistent pattern of altered sympathetic or parasympathetic function. CONCLUSION: Moclobemide is relatively devoid of cardiovascular autonomic effects in physically healthy subjects with social phobia. ( Int J Psych Clin Pract 2001; 5:27-31)
Determination of Spectinomycin Residues in Bovine Milk Using Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection

A method capable of quantifying spectinomycin in raw bovine milk was developed and validated for 100-400 ng/mL. In this procedure the milk is centrifuged at -4 °C and the top fat layer removed. The defatted milk is deproteinated by precipitation with 30% trichloroacetic acid and centrifugation. The supernatant is washed sequentially with dichloromethane, hexane, and ethyl acetate. An aliquot of the separated aqueous layer is prepared for HPLC analysis by mixing with 1-decanesulfonic acid and filtering. The analyte is separated from the matrix components using an ion-pair mobile phase and a reversed-phase column ; the analyte is quantified with an electrochemical detector. Mean recoveries are 80% for milk fortified at 100 ng/mL, 76% for milk fortified at 200 ng/mL, and 77% for milk fortified at 400 ng/mL. The intralaboratory coefficients of variations are 18%, 6%, and 9%, respectively.
Biogeography and conservation of Andean and Trans-Andean populations of Pyrrhura parakeets in Colombia: Modelling geographic distributions to identify independent conservation units

Summary The criteria and categories of the IUCN red list can be applied to any taxonomic unit, including taxa below species level or non-formally described forms, but this is seldom practiced. Because conservation priorities largely focus on well-established taxa that deserve urgent action, cryptic species may be facing a critical situation. This could be the case for some Andean and trans-Andean populations of Pyrrhura parakeets in Colombia that have restricted and isolated geographic ranges, and whose conservation status has been overlooked because nominal species covering them are considered of “Least Concern”. As part of research into the biogeographic history and biogeographic patterns of the genus Pyrrhura, we used MaxEnt modelling to make a first approach to the geographic distribution and conservation status of these populations, and to determine if they could be considered independent conservation units. As with other members of Pyrrhura, we found that their climatic niche was restricted to humid regions of the Andes and the Andean foothills, resulting in isolated and discontinuous distributions associated with the Tropical humid forest Zonobiome. Comparing our estimates of area of occupancy with the established thresholds for IUCN criterion B2, the four subspecies studied could be considered threatened. The small geographic ranges, apparent vulnerability to forest fragmentation compared with other parrots, and extensive habitat loss experienced by the Andean and trans-Andean subspecies of P. melanura and P. picta allow us to conclude that they are valid conservation units. Although further research on these taxa is necessary, our results imply that they must be included as target populations in local and national policies for management plans and decision making, and urgent actions are needed for the subspecies of P. picta such as P. p. subandina and P. p. caeruleiceps.
ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF CLEOME VISCOSA AGAINST EHRLICH ASCITES CARCINOMA (EAC) IN SWISS ALBINO MICE

Methanolic extract of Cleome viscosa (Cappareace)(MECV) wasevaluate for Antitumor activity using EAC bearing Swissa albino mice. The extract administered at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight about for 14 days after 24 hr of inoculation.After 18 h of last dose animals were sacrifed then estimated for various tumor growth parameters like increase in life span,mean survival time, tumor volume, heamotological parameters. The tumor beraing mice has shown abnormal pattern of hemological parameters and decreased life span of tumor bearing mice.The extracts treatent broght back all the abnormal parameters of tumor bearing animals to normal. The results indicated that MECV exhibited antitumor activity against EAC bearing mice.
The effects of flattening fundamental frequency contours on sentence intelligibility in speakers with dysarthria

This study explored the relationship between F0 variability and intelligibility in persons with motor speech disorders. The literature suggests that monopitch may have detrimental effects on the intelligibility of individuals with dysarthria (and other speech disorders), but few studies have examined the independent effect of a flat F0 contour on intelligibility in speakers with articulatory difficulties. An LPC resynthesis technique was used to reduce the speakers' sentence F0 range by 25%, 50% and 100% (flattened F0). Two dysarthric speaker groups were evaluated, one with prosodic inadequacy and imprecise articulation (hypokinetic) and one with imprecise articulation only (UUMN). Speech intelligibility was assessed using a word transcription task and an interval-scaling task. Results argue strongly for the perceptual importance of sentence-level F0 variations on speech intelligibility even when the F0 range is severely restricted. Results also suggest that the contribution of F0 to intelligibility may vary with type of dysarthria.
Different parasitism patterns of two hymenopterous parasitoids (Ichineumonidae and Ibaliidae) depending on the development of Sirex nitobei (Hym., Siricidae)

Abstract: For the two parasitoid wasps, Ibalia leucospoides and Megarhyssa praecellens emerging together with their host woodwasp, Sirex nitobei, from trees of Pinus densiflora, the seasonal trends in number of emerging adults, their body size characteristics and fecundities were recorded to evaluate the life histories and parasitism patterns.
CLASSIFICAÇÃO FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES DE CINCO ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS DE MATA CILIAR QUANTO A TOLERÂNCIA À DESSECAÇÃO E AO ARMAZENAMENTO 1

Seeds of five riparian forest tree species from the Rio Grande River basin in the State of Minas Gerais - Brazil were classified according to the physiological storage behavior as a way to provide information for future programs on propagation and ex situ conservation. Seeds of Miconia argyrophylla DC. (Melastomastaceae), Allophylus edulis (A St.-Hil., Cambess. & A. Juss.) Radlk. (Sapindaceae), Ixora warmingii Mull. Arg. (Rubiaceae), Aulomyrcia venulosa DC. (Myrtaceae), and Metrodorea stipularis Mart. (Rutaceae) were collected and taken to the seed laboratory where they were processed and submitted to drying, storage and evaluation of viability by the germination test. After physiological classification regarding storage behaviour it was observed that seeds of M. argyrophylla and M. stipularis presented orthodox behaviour. Such kind of seeds allow storage at low temperature (-20oC) and moisture content (£5%), without harming viability. On the other hand, seeds of A. edulis, I. warmingii and M. venulosa were classified as recalcitrant, which did not tolerate moisture contents below 12%, indicating that in situ conservation should be used for preservation of the genetic resources of these species.