Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SENSE OF COHERENCE ON LONG-TERM WORK PARTICIPATION AMONG REHABILITATION PATIENTS: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

Objective To investigate the causal effect of sense of coherence on long-term work participation after rehabilitation, including stratification by age and diagnoses. Design Longitudinal cohort study. Participants Patients aged ≤ 60 years, employed and accepted for somatic interprofessional rehabilitation in 2015 (n = 192). Methods Patients reported sense of coherence before rehabilitation in 2015 and mental and physical functioning in 2016. Register data were used to measure work participation during 2018 and days working without social security benefits during 2016–18. Regression models were used to explore the total effect of sense of coherence and the possible mediation of functioning. Results are reported as odds ratios (95% confidence intervals). Results During 2018, 77% of the total study cohort participated in work activities. The subgroup with musculoskeletal diagnoses had the fewest days of working without social security benefits. A causal relationship was found between sense of coherence and long-term work participation. Some of the effect of sense of coherence was mediated by mental functioning. The total effect of sense of coherence was strongest for patients with musculoskeletal diagnoses (work participation: 1.11 (1.05, 1.17), days working without social security benefits: 1.05 (0.01, 109)). Conclusion Improving coping resources may be beneficial to facilitate long-term work participation after injury or illness, especially for individuals with musculoskeletal diagnoses. LAY ABSTRACT Sense of coherence is an inherent coping resource. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sense of coherence on long-term work participation among 192 rehabilitation patients. Patients reported sense of coherence before rehabilitation in 2015, and reported functioning in 2016. Register data were used to measure work participation. The study found that 77% of the patients who worked in 2015 also worked in 2018. The subgroup with musculoskeletal diagnoses had the fewest days of working without social security benefits (e.g. sick leave) during 2016–18. A stronger sense of coherence had a positive effect on long-term work participation. Sense of coherence also had an impact on mental functioning, which again had a positive effect on long-term work participation. The results suggest that interventions to improve coping resources (sense of coherence) may be important to help patients participate in working life after injury or illness, especially for individuals with musculoskeletal diagnoses.
APP substrate ectodomain defines amyloid‐β peptide length by restraining γ‐secretase processivity and facilitating product release

Sequential proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by γ‐secretases generates amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptides and defines the proportion of short‐to‐long Aβ peptides, which is tightly connected to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Here, we study the mechanism that controls substrate processing by γ‐secretases and Aβ peptide length. We found that polar interactions established by the APPC99 ectodomain (ECD), involving but not limited to its juxtamembrane region, restrain both the extent and degree of γ‐secretases processive cleavage by destabilizing enzyme–substrate interactions. We show that increasing hydrophobicity, via mutation or ligand binding, at APPC99‐ECD attenuates substrate‐driven product release and rescues the effects of Alzheimer's disease‐associated pathogenic γ‐secretase and APP variants on Aβ length. In addition, our study reveals that APPC99‐ECD facilitates the paradoxical production of longer Aβs caused by some γ‐secretase inhibitors, which act as high‐affinity competitors of the substrate. These findings assign a pivotal role to the substrate ECD in the sequential proteolysis by γ‐secretases and suggest it as a sweet spot for the potential design of APP‐targeting compounds selectively promoting its processing by these enzymes.
Application of Dexmedetomidine in Epidural Labor Analgesia

Objectives: To summarize and appraise the use of dexmedetomidine in epidural labor analgesia, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: We conducted the literature search about the RCTs of epidural labor analgesia with or without dexmedetomidine from inception until November 1, 2022, in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The primary outcome was visual analog scale (VAS) within 2 hours after epidural intubation. The secondary outcomes included the duration of the first and second labor stages, Apgar score, umbilical blood pH, dosage of analgesics, and side effects. Results: Eight RCTs including 846 parturients were included. The VAS score of the dexmedetomidine group was significantly lower than that of the control group at the time of 15 minutes (mean difference [MD] −1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.23, −0.59), 30 minutes (MD −1.02, 95% CI −1.70, −0.33), 60 minutes (MD −0.90, 95% CI −1.36, −0.44), and 90 minutes (MD −0.70, 95% CI −1.16, −0.23). The incidence of pruritus in the dexmedetomidine group was lower than that of the control group （MD 0.28, 95% CI 0.11, 0.74), but the incidence of maternal bradycardia was higher (MD 6.41, 95% CI 1.64, 25.04). There were no significant difference in other outcomes. Discussion: Dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthetic for epidural labor analgesia can improve the VAS score of parturients. Except for the increased incidence of maternal bradycardia, it seems to be safe for the parturients and fetuses.
Effects of education and age on the experience of youth violence in a very low-resource setting: a fixed-effects analysis in rural Burkina Faso

Objective The study aimed to investigate the effects of education and age on the experience of youth violence in low-income and middle-income country settings. Design Using a standardised questionnaire, our study collected two waves of longitudinal data on sociodemographics, health practices, health outcomes and risk factors. The panel fixed-effects ordinary least squares regression models were used for the analysis. Settings The study was conducted in 59 villages and the town of Nouna with a population of about 100 000 individuals, 1 hospital and 13 primary health centres in Burkina Faso. Participants We interviewed 1644 adolescents in 2017 and 1291 respondents in 2018 who participated in both rounds. Outcome and exposure measures We examined the experience of physical attacks in the past 12 months and bullying in the past 30 days. Our exposures were completed years of age and educational attainment. Results A substantial minority of respondents experienced violence in both waves (24.1% bullying and 12.2% physical attack), with males experiencing more violence. Bullying was positively associated with more education (β=0.12; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.22) and non-significantly with older age. Both effects were stronger in males than females, although the gender differences were not significant. Physical attacks fell with increasing age (β=−0.18; 95% CI −0.31 to –0.05) and this association was again stronger in males than females; education and physical attacks were not substantively associated. Conclusions Bullying and physical attacks are common for rural adolescent Burkinabe. The age patterns found suggest that, particularly for males, there is a need to target violence prevention at younger ages and bullying prevention at slightly older ones, particularly for those remaining in school. Nevertheless, a fuller understanding of the mechanisms behind our findings is needed to design effective interventions to protect youth in low-income settings from violence.
Exploring the Dunning-Kruger Effect in Health Communication: How Perceived Food and Media Literacy and Actual Knowledge Drift Apart When Evaluating Misleading Food Advertising

Marketers often advertise products high in sugar, fat or calories as healthy products. With this potentially misleading information, they can influence eating decisions with negative consequences for human health. Consumers need the ability to uncover misleading food advertising. However, individuals’ perceived knowledge and their actual objective abilities often drift apart – a phenomenon which has come to be known as the Dunning-Kruger Effect. Thus, this study set out to uncover the phenomenon’s potential existence in health communication, more precisely in the area of food and media literacy. In a quantitative survey representative of the Austrian population (n = 1000) the Dunning-Kruger Effect (DKE) could be detected: Individuals who were most knowledgeable underestimated their food and media literacy, but – on the positive side – they acted as opinion leaders. Individuals who were least knowledgeable about advertising strategies used to market an unhealthy product as healthy and about the actual nutrition score of the advertised product were most likely to overestimate their own food and media literacy. Worryingly, further concerning consequences emerged, especially for least knowledgeable individuals. The study’s results provide important implications for public health campaigns.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF IRRIGATION AND PLANT DENSITY ON GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN CHICKPEA ( CICER ARIETINUM L.) DECI TYPE CV. KAKA

Raey, Y. , N. Demaghsi and R. Seied Sharifi. 2008. Effect of different levels of irrigation and plant density on grain yield and its components in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) Deci type cv. Kaka. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 9 (4):371-381. In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of irrigation and plant density on grain yield and its components in chickpea cv. Kaka, a field study was conducted at Research Field Station of Agricultural Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University during 2006 cropping season. Treatments were arranged as split plot in randomized complete block design with three replica tions. Different irrigation levels (full irrigation , irrigation to flowering stage, irrigation after flowering stage a nd no-irrigation) were assigned to main plots and s ub-plots comprised of different plant densities (16, 32 and 64 plants/m). Results showed that irrigation and density level s significantly affected pod number per plant, 1000-g rain weight, grain yield per unit area and harvest index. Number of pod per plant, 1000-grain weight, grain y ield and harvest index were greater in full irrigat on and irrigation to flowering stage in comparison to othe r irrigation levels. Grain yield per plant, pod num ber per plan, 1000-grain weight and harvest index were greater at 16 and 32 plants/m 2 in comparison to 64 plants/m . In contrast, grain yield per unit area at 64 plants/m 2 were significantly greater than other plant densit ie . Interaction of irrigation × plant density indicated that the hi g est and the lowest grain yield was achieved in 64 plants/m in full irrigation and no-irrigation. However, there w as not significant difference between 64 and 32 pla nts/m in no-irrigation treatments. It is concluded that irri gation to flowering stage and 64 plants/m 2 produced reasonable grain yield under the conditions of this study.
Mangrove Forests and Marine Incursions in Neogene Amazonia (Lower Apaporis River, Colombia)

Abstract The lower Apaporis River area (Colombian Amazonia) is characterized by fluvial and coastal sediments of Middle to Late Miocene age. These sediments, here informally called Apaporis sand unit, are in nonconformable contact with the Precambrian basement, and were deposited in a low-sinuosity fluvial system with an anastomosing character that originated in the Guyana Shield. The predominantly sandy unit has organic-rich clay intervals that contain a palynological assemblage dominated by the mangrove Zonocostites ramonae (Rhizophora) and the palm Mauritiidites franciscoi (Mauritia). Abundant Zonocostites (25–85%), together with the occurrence of marine palynomorphs (dinoflagellates and foraminiferal inner-wall linings), indicate the presence of well-developed coastal mangrove forests and marine incursions. Occasional decrease of Zonocostites in favor of Mauritiidites suggests that the coastline fluctuated and the mangroves were replaced by palm vegetation. The Middle to Late Miocene age of these sediments is based on presence of the palynological marker species Grimsdalea magnaclavata and absence of the older biostratigraphic marker Crassoretitriletes vanraadshoovenii and the younger Asteraceae. This makes the unit equivalent in age to the upper Pebas/Solimões Formation. The marine ingression and coastal conditions in the heart of Amazonia possibly are related to a combination of global sea-level rise (Serravallian? ) and subsidence in the periphery of the Guyana Shield. Modern analogues of the Miocene Apaporis fluvial/ coastal interface are present-day fluvial and coastal environments in Surinam and the Guyanas.
The association of having a monitoring or blunting coping style with psychological distress, health-related quality of life and satisfaction with healthcare in gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) patients

Abstract Background There are two main coping styles regarding information seeking under medical threat; monitoring (information-seeking) and blunting (information-avoiding). The aim of this study is to (1) determine factors associated with a monitoring or blunting coping style in gastro-intestinal stromal tumour (GIST) patients and (2) investigate its association with psychological distress, cancer-related concerns, health-related quality of life and satisfaction with healthcare. Methods In a cross-sectional study, Dutch GIST patients completed the shortened version of the Threatening Medical Situations Inventory to determine their coping style, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Cancer Worry Scale, EORTC QLQ-C30 and part of the EORTC QLQ-INFO25. Results A total of 307 patients were classified as blunters (n = 175, 57%) or monitors (n = 132, 43%). Coping style was not associated with tumour or treatment variables, but being a female (OR 2.5; 95%CI 1.5–4.1; p= <.001) and higher educated (OR 5.5; 95%CI 2.5–11.9, p= <.001) were associated with higher odds of being a monitor. Monitors scored significantly lower on emotional functioning (mean = 86.8 vs mean = 90.9, p=.044), which is considered a trivial difference, more often experienced severe fear of cancer recurrence or progression (53.0% vs 37.7%, p=.007), and had more concerns about dying from GIST in the future (60.6% vs 47.4%, p=.025). Compared to blunters, monitors were less satisfied with the received healthcare and information, and would have liked to receive more information. Conclusion GIST patients with a monitoring coping style experience a higher emotional burden. Additionally, monitors exhibit a greater need for information. Although this need for information could potentially result in fears and concerns, recognising it may also create an opening for tailored communication and information.
An evolutionarily distinct ringed seal in the Ilulissat Icefjord

The Earth's polar regions are low rates of inter‐ and intraspecific diversification. An extreme mammalian example is the Arctic ringed seal (Pusa hispida hispida), which is assumed to be panmictic across its circumpolar Arctic range. Yet, local Inuit communities in Greenland and Canada recognize several regional variants; a finding supported by scientific studies of body size variation. It is however unclear whether this phenotypic variation reflects plasticity, morphs or distinct ecotypes. Here, we combine genomic, biologging and survey data, to document the existence of a unique ringed seal ecotype in the Ilulissat Icefjord (locally ‘Kangia’), Greenland; a UNESCO World Heritage site, which is home to the most productive marine‐terminating glacier in the Arctic. Genomic analyses reveal a divergence of Kangia ringed seals from other Arctic ringed seals about 240 kya, followed by secondary contact since the Last Glacial Maximum. Despite ongoing gene flow, multiple genomic regions appear under strong selection in Kangia ringed seals, including candidate genes associated with pelage coloration, growth and osmoregulation, potentially explaining the Kangia seal's phenotypic and behavioural uniqueness. The description of ‘hidden’ diversity and adaptations in yet another Arctic species merits a reassessment of the evolutionary processes that have shaped Arctic diversity and the traditional view of this region as an evolutionary freezer. Our study highlights the value of indigenous knowledge in guiding science and calls for efforts to identify distinct populations or ecotypes to understand how these might respond differently to environmental change.
Impulsivity and compulsivity in gambling disorder and bulimic spectrum eating disorders: Analysis of neuropsychological profiles and sex differences

Abstract Background Gambling disorder (GD) and bulimic spectrum eating disorders (BSDs) not only share numerous psychopathological, neurobiological, and comorbidity features but also are distinguished by the presence of inappropriate behaviours related to impulsivity and compulsivity. This study aimed to emphasise the differences and similarities in the main impulsivity and compulsivity features between GD and BSD patients, and to analyse the potential influence of sex in these domains. Methods Using self-reported and neurocognitive measures, we assessed different impulsive–compulsive components in a sample of 218 female and male patients (59 with BSD and 159 with GD) and 150 healthy controls. Results We observed that GD and BSDs exhibited elevated levels of impulsivity and compulsivity in all the dimensions compared to healthy controls. Moreover, these disorders showed differences in several personality traits, such as high novelty seeking in GD, and low persistence and high harm avoidance in BSDs. In addition, patients with BSDs also displayed a trend towards greater impulsive choice than GD patients. Regarding sex effects, GD women presented higher overall impulsivity and compulsivity than GD men. Nevertheless, no sex differences were found in BSDs. Conclusions Clinical interventions should consider these deficits to enhance their effectiveness, including adjunctive treatment to target these difficulties. Our findings also provide support to the relevance of sex in GD, which should also be considered in clinical interventions.
National Proceedings: Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations

These proceedings are a compilation of 20 papers that were presented at the regional meetings of the forest and conservation nursery associations and the Intertribal Nursery Council meeting in the United States in 2011. The Joint Meeting of the Southern Forest Nursery Association and Northeastern Forest and Conservation Nursery Association was held at the Pullman Plaza Hotel, Huntington, WV, July 25 to 28, 2011. Subject matter for the technical sessions included history and current status of tree planting and nursery production, mine reclamation research and implementation, American chestnut restoration, and soil fumigation regulations and alternatives. Field trips included afternoon tours of the Kentucky Division of Forestry’s Morgan County Tree Nursery in West Liberty, KY, and a mining site near Dunlow, Wayne County, WV. The Annual Meeting of the Western Forest and Conservation Nursery Association was held at the Hilton Garden Inn Cherry Creek in Denver, CO on August 16 to 18, 2011. Subject matter for the technical sessions included development of local genotypes for native plants, marketing strategies, nursery techniques and products, restoration strategies, insect and disease management, and nursery phytosanitation. Afternoon field trips included tours of Denver Botanic Gardens and the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge, both in Denver, CO. The Intertribal Nursery Council Meeting was held at the Pechanga Casino, Temecula, CA on September 12 to 15, 2011. The meeting was hosted by the Pechanga Band of Luiseño Indians and USDA Forest Service. Subject matter for the technical sessions included propagation strategies for culturally important plant species, collaboration for conservation and education, seedling storage, and seed viability. Two short workshops on growing media and containers were also given. Field trips included an afternoon tour of the Pechanga Native Plant Nursery, with optional concurrent tours of the Cultural Resources Department, the Great Oak Tree, and the Cove Village. Additionally, there was an all-day field trip with tours of Mockingbird Nurseries, Inc., Indian Canyons Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians, Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument Visitor Center, and the Palms to Pines Scenic Highway. Key Words—bareroot nursery, container nursery, nursery practices, fertilization, pesticides, seeds, reforestation, restoration, tree physiology, hardwood species, native species Papers were edited to a uniform style; however, authors are responsible for content and accuracy. You may order additional copies of this publication by sending your mailing information in label form through one of the following media. Please specify the publication title and number.
Multiparametric in vitro genotoxicity assessment of different variants of amorphous silica nanomaterials in rat alveolar epithelial cells

Abstract The hazard posed to human health by inhaled amorphous silica nanomaterials (aSiO2 NM) remains uncertain. Herein, we assessed the cyto- and genotoxicity of aSiO2 NM variants covering different sizes (7, 15, and 40 nm) and surface modifications (unmodified, phosphonate-, amino- and trimethylsilyl-modified) on rat alveolar epithelial (RLE-6TN) cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated at 24 h after exposure to the aSiO2 NM variants by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and WST-1 reduction assays, while genotoxicity was assessed using different endpoints: DNA damage (single- and double-strand breaks [SSB and DSB]) by the comet assay for all aSiO2 NM variants; cell cycle progression and γ-H2AX levels (DSB) by flow cytometry for those variants that presented higher cytotoxic and DNA damaging potential. The variants with higher surface area demonstrated a higher cytotoxic potential (SiO2_7, SiO2_15_Unmod, SiO2_15_Amino, and SiO2_15_Phospho). SiO2_40 was the only variant that induced significant DNA damage on RLE-6TN cells. On the other hand, all tested variants (SiO2_7, SiO2_15_Unmod, SiO2_15_Amino, and SiO2_40) significantly increased total γ-H2AX levels. At high concentrations (28 µg/cm2), a decrease in G0/G1 subpopulation was accompanied by a significant increase in S and G2/M sub-populations after exposure to all tested materials except for SiO2_40 which did not affect cell cycle progression. Based on the obtained data, the tested variants can be ranked for its genotoxic DNA damage potential as follows: SiO2_7 = SiO2_40 = SiO2_15_Unmod > SiO2_15_Amino. Our study supports the usefulness of multiparametric approaches to improve the understanding on NM mechanisms of action and hazard prediction.