Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ε -TPN: deﬁnition of a Time Petri Net formalism simulating the behaviour of the timed grafcets

To allow a formal veriﬁcation of timed GRAFCET models, many authors proposed to translate them into formal and well-reputed languages such as timed automata or Time Petri nets (TPN). Thus, the work presented in [Sogbohossou, Vianou, Formal modeling of grafcets with Time Petri nets, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 23(5)(2015)] concerns the TPN formalism: the resulting TPN of the translation, called here ε -TPN, integrates some inﬁnitesimal delays ( ε ) to simulate the synchronous semantics of the grafcet. The ﬁrst goal of this paper is to specify a formal operational semantics for an ε -TPN to amend the previous one: especially, priority is introduced here between two deﬁned categories of the ε -TPN transitions, in order to respect strictly the synchronous hypothesis. The second goal is to provide how to build the ﬁnite state space abstraction resulting from the new deﬁnitions. RÉSUMÉ
News Shocks Under Financial Frictions

We examine the dynamic effects of TFP news shocks in the context of frictions in financial markets. We document two new facts. First, a shock to future TFP generates a significant decline in credit spread indicators along with a robust improvement in credit supply indicators. Second, we establish a tight link between TFP news shocks and shocks that explain the majority of un-forecastable movements in credit spread indicators. A DSGE model enriched with a financial sector of the Gertler-Kiyotaki-Karadi type generates very similar quantitative dynamics. (JEL E12, E31, E32, E44, G12, G21)
Added value of three-dimensional transesophageal Added value of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in assessment of prosthetic mitral paravalvular echocardiography in assessment of prosthetic mitral paravalvular leaks. leaks.

Background : A well-known, crucial consequence of prosthetic valves that have been surgically or percutaneously inserted is a prosthetic paravalvular leak. It usually occurs as a result of insuf ﬁ cient sealing of the prosthetic ring to the native heart tissue, either immediately after surgery or much later as a consequence of infective endocarditis. Aim and objectives : The main aim of this study was to compare 3D TEE with 2d TEE regarding Initial diagnosis and localization of PVLs, assessment of size, shape and severity of PVLs and assessment of the feasibility for percutaneous closure. Subjects and methods : This cross-sectional study was carried out on 30 patients diagnosed with prosthetic mitral par-avalvular leaks. The duration of the study ranged from 6 to 12 months. Result : There was a signi ﬁ cant increase (overestimation) in size measured by 2D compared to size by 3D ( P ¼ 0.015) while there was no signi ﬁ cant difference between 2D & 3D regarding VC ( P > 0.05). Regarding the site of the leak there was a signi ﬁ cant association between sites detected by 2D and 3D ( P < 0.001). Regarding ERO, it was signi ﬁ cantly positively correlated with size by 2D ( r ¼ 0.660, P < 0.001) and VC by 2D ( r ¼ 0.789, P < 0.001). There was signi ﬁ cant association between severity detected by 2D and 3D ( P < 0.001) with good agreement (kappa ¼ 0.71). Conclusion : In the assessment of the morphology of mitral PVL, real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography is superior to two-dimensional TEE because it provides a detailed description of the number, location, size, and shape of the leak, which is essential for planning and guiding potential corrective techniques
Uncertain Supply

As supply networks become more complex and international, the task of controlling associated risks becomes more difficult. This article investigates the usefulness of risk alert technologies in supply chain management, with a focus on Big Data Analytics (BDA) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The study investigates the impact of BDA capabilities, solid IT infrastructure, managerial views, and AI-apprehensions on the effectiveness of risk alert tools using a questionnaire-based survey of 420 managerial personnel and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via SMART PLS. The work proposes the concept of AI-Apprehensions as a moderating variable, which is a relatively unexplored field. According to the findings, while BDA capabilities and IT infrastructure considerably improve the effectiveness of risk alert tools, AI-apprehensions can negate these advantages. The study provides useful insights for policymakers and practitioners, emphasizing the importance of balancing technical and human components for effective risk management
MACSMIN (Mathematics and Computer Science for Materials Innovation) with a focus on Crystal Lattice Classiﬁcations a satellite of the European Crystallographic Meeting (ECM33)

The need to compare unit cells of crystals arises in several contexts, cataloged databases of unit cells, serial crystallography of proteins, Bravais lattice type determination, crystal structure prediction, etc. The presence of unavoidable experimental errors, polymorphism, variable compositions, differing temperatures, etc. means that exact matching of one unit cell to another is unlikely to succeed.
Abstracts of communications

Fasting heat loss in the growing pig. By W. H. CLOSE and L. E. MOUNT, A R C Institute of Animal Physiology, Babraham, Cambridge Fasting heat loss has been measured in pigs, 25-45 kg body-weight, at environmental temperatures of zoo and 30'. At each temperature the pigs were given either 34 or 45 g foodlkg body-weight per d in the periods preceding and following fasting. Heat loss was measured consecutively for 14 d throughout the 24 h on each of four individual animals at each of the four combinations of temperature and level of feeding. At each combination three animals were fasted from the 6th to the 10th day of the measurement period while the fourth was fed throughout as a control. Prefasting heat loss (days 1-5) (Table I) was dependent on the environmental temperature and on the plane of nutrition at each temperature, suggesting that 30' was above the critical level for both higher levels of feeding (Close, Mount & Start, 1971; Verstegen, Close, Start & Mount, 1973). Following the withdrawal of food, heat loss reached a minimum during the 3rd and 4th days of fasting. Fasting heat loss was significantly related to the ambient temperature, the values at zoo being significantly higher (P<o.ooI) than those a t 30°, but the previous nutritional state of the animal had no significant effect (P>o.og) on the fasting heat loss at either temperature. On refeeding, heat loss reached the prefasting levels by the 3rd day and was again dependent on the level of feeding at each temperature.
Spatio-Temporal Relevance Classiﬁcation from Geographic Texts Using Deep Learning

: The growing proliferation of geographic information presents a substantial challenge to the traditional framework of a geographic information analysis and service. The dynamic integration and representation of geographic knowledge, such as triples, with spatio-temporal information play a crucial role in constructing a comprehensive spatio-temporal knowledge graph and facilitating the effective utilization of spatio-temporal big data for knowledge-driven service applications. The existing knowledge graph (or geographic knowledge graph) takes spatio-temporal as the attribute of entity, ignoring the role of spatio-temporal information for accurate retrieval of entity objects and adaptive expression of entity objects. This study approaches the correlation between geographic knowledge and spatio-temporal information as a text classiﬁcation problem, with the aim of addressing the challenge of establishing meaningful connections among spatio-temporal data using advanced deep learning techniques. Speciﬁcally, we leverage Wikipedia as a valuable data source for collecting and ﬁltering geographic texts. The Open Information Extraction (OpenIE) tool is employed to extract triples from each sentence, followed by manual annotation of the sentences’ spatio-temporal relevance. This process leads to the formation of quadruples (time relevance/space relevance) or quintuples (spatio-temporal relevance). Subsequently, a comprehensive spatio-temporal classiﬁcation dataset is constructed for experiment veriﬁcation. Ten prominent deep learning text classiﬁcation models are then utilized to conduct experiments covering various aspects of time, space, and spatio-temporal relationships. The experimental results demonstrate that the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer-Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (BERT-RCNN) model exhibits the highest performance among the evaluated models. Overall, this study establishes a foundation for future knowledge extraction endeavors.
Hypothesis Test on a Mixture Forward-Incubation-Time Epidemic Model With Application to COVID-19 Outbreak

The distribution of the incubation period of the novel coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19) has crucial clinical implications for understanding this disease and devising effective disease-control measures. Qin et al. (2020) designed a cross-sectional and forward follow-up study to collect the duration times between a specific observation time and the onset of COVID-19 symptoms for a number of individuals. They further proposed a mixture forward-incubation-time epidemic model, which is a mixture of an incubation-period distribution and a forward time distribution, to model the collected duration times and to estimate the incubation-period distribution of COVID-19. In this paper, we provide sufficient conditions for the identifiability of the unknown parameters in the mixture forward-incubation-time epidemic model when the incubation period follows a two-parameter distribution. Under the same setup, we propose a likelihood ratio test (LRT) for testing the null hypothesis that the mixture forward-incubation-time epidemic model is a homogeneous exponential distribution. The testing problem is non-regular because a nuisance parameter is present only under the alternative. We establish the limiting distribution of the LRT and identify an explicit representation for it. The limiting distribution of the LRT under a sequence of local alternatives is also obtained. Our simulation results indicate that the LRT has desirable type I errors and powers, and we analyze a COVID-19 outbreak dataset from China to illustrate the usefulness of the LRT.
Ketamine – an antidepressant drug

Ketamine is a new, potent and rapid-acting antidepressant approved for therapy of treatment-resistant depression, which has a different mechanism of action than currently-available antidepressant therapies. It owes its uniquely potent antidepressant properties to a complex mechanism of action, which currently remains unclear. However, it is thought that it acts by modulating the functioning of the glutamatergic system, which plays an important role in the process of neuroplasticity associated with depression. However, preclinical and clinical studies have also found ketamine to reduce inflammation, either directly or indirectly (by activating neuroprotective branches of the kynurenine pathway), among patients exhibiting higher levels of inflammation. Inflammation and immune system activation are believed to play key roles in the development and course of depression. Therefore, the present work examines the role of the antidepressant effect of ketamine and its anti-inflammatory properties in the treatment of depression.
Pathology and Clinical Research

Background: Lymphadenopathy is common in both adult and paediatric patients in Kenya. It has a broad differential diagnosis, the most common being non-specific reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Prevalence and morbidity of malignancies in early stages, such as micro lymphoma in reactive lymphadenitis remains poorly investigated. Objective: This study evaluated the histopathologic patterns of lymph node biopsies reported as reactive lymphadenitis at Kenyatta National Hospital between 2013-2019. Methods: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks were used. Consent to conduct the study was obtained from KNH/UoN ERC. Demographic and clinical data were retrieved from the records. Haematoxylin and eosin was performed to confirm the initial diagnosis, followed with immunophenotyping in cases suspicious of lymphomas. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: We analysed 86 cases, 64(73%) adults and 22(27%) paediatrics. Age range was 1 year 3 months to 76 years. Males were 49(57%), and females 37(43%). Follicular hyperplasia 63(73%), sinusoidal 16(19%) and PTGC 1(1%) were the histopathological patterns reported. No diffuse or mixed patterns, and no micro lymphomas were found. However, immunophenotyping confirmed 6(7%) cases to be DLBCL (1 case), high grade round blue cell tumour of childhood (1 case), and 4(3SLL and 1MCL) cases. Discussion: Diagnosis of reactive lymphadenitis is a major challenge, especially in settings with limited utilization of immunophenotyping and molecular analyses. It has a broad differential diagnosis, the most common being nonspecific reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, which often disguises malignancy. In this study, follicular hyperplasia was the more common sub-classification. Conclusion: Sub-classifications of reactive lymphadenitis may help in diagnosis of underlying pathologic conditions.
Landing Kinematics in Elite Male Youth Soccer Players of Different Chronologic Age and Stage of Maturation

Context: Despite the high frequency of knee injuries, there is a paucity of research to show the effects of chronological age and stage of maturation on knee joint kinematics in male youth soccer players. Objective: To employ a ‘coach friendly’ screening tool to examine knee valgus scores for players of different ages and stage of maturation. Design: Cross sectional study Setting: Academy soccer clubs Patients or other participants: 400 elite male youth soccer players aged between 10-18 years, categorized by chronological age and stage of maturation (pre, circa or post puberty) based on their years from peak height velocity (PHV). Main outcome measures: Knee valgus was evaluated during the tuck jump assessment via two-dimensional analysis. Participants were subjectively classified as minor (<10°), moderate (10-20°), or severe (>20°) and using these classifications, scored as follows: 0 = no valgus; 1 = minor; 2 = moderate; 3 = severe. Results: A trend of higher valgus scores were shown in the younger age groups and pre-PHV players. The lowest frequency of “no valgus” were in the U18s and post-PHV players. The highest percentage of “severe” scores were in the U13s. Knee valgus scores were significantly lower in the U18s on both legs than all other age groups ( p < 0.001), except for the U16s. Post-PHV players’ scores were significantly lower than pre-PHV youth on the right leg ( p <0.001), and both pre-and circa-PHV players on the left leg ( p <0.001). Noteworthy inter-limb asymmetries were evident in the U14s, U15s and circa-PHV players. Conclusions: Reductions in knee valgus with incremental age and during the later stages of maturation indicate that this risk factor is more prevalent in younger players. Inter-limb asymmetry may also emerge around the time of the peak growth spurt and early adolescence, potentially increasing the risk of traumatic injury.
Source to sine relations between the Qaidam basin (Tibet) and the surrounding mountains

The Qaidam basin, located within the northern Tibetan plateau, is the deepest intracontinental basin, yet located in the highest plateau with the thickest continental crust. Understanding how this peculiar basin developed has broad implications for the Tibetan geology in particular and for continental tectonics in general. Many approaches have been used to decipher the tectonic and topographic history of that region, however, the initial topography of the area now represented by the northern Tibetan plateau, as well as the early stages of development of the present day topography remain poorly constrained and highly debated. In order to better understand the Cenozoic evolution of the Qaidam basin and its surrounding regions (including Eastern Kunlun Range to the south, Altyn Tagh Range to the northwest, and Qilian Shan to the northeast), four critical issues are addressed in this thesis: 1) the Cenozoic joint tectonic evolution of the Qaidam basin and the Eastern Kunlun Range; 2) the interplay between the sedimentation within the Qaidam basin and the active tectonics within the Altyn Tagh Range; 3) a quantitative estimate of the lateral extrusion along the Altyn Tagh Fault-Qilian Shan tectonic system; 4) the nature and classification of the Qaidam basin. I suggest that the SW Qaidam basin has been bordered by a series of strike-slip faults to the south since the Early Miocene, rather than, as previously suggested by a continuous northward or southward thrusting system. Based on U-Pb dating (LA-ICP-MS) of detrital zircons collected from 4 sections (Paleocene to Holocene) within the southwestern Qaidam basin combined with provenance analysis and new seismic profile interpretation, I demonstrated that the Eastern Kunlun Range was already exhumed prior to the Paleocene. I show that the Qaidam basin was widening southward during thet early Cenozoic period (Paleocene to Oligocene). From Oligocene the relief of the Eastern Kunlun and Altyn Tagh ranges increased, leading to isolation and narrowing of the Qaidam basin from Miocene to the present. Along the northern edge of the basin, I identified the Tula-Huatugou and Anxi-Eboliang regions as residual parts of the original Qaidam basin. I suggest that the Altyn Tagh Fault has experienced a total of ~360 km of displacement since its Early Eocene initiation. Based on this ~360 km northeastward migration of the relatively rigid Qaidam block along the Altyn Tagh Fault and 3D isovolumetric balance of the crustal deformation within the Altyn Tagh Fault – Qilian Shan system, I demonstrate that 250 ± 28 km (43.8~49.4 %) of N20E directed crustal shortening and an additional ~250 to ~370 km of eastward motion of the Qilian Shan crust must be accounted for by strike-slip faulting in the Qilian Shan and crustal thickening in the Qinling area, as well as extension in the adjoining North China block graben systems.
International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning Rethinking Distance Tutoring in e-Learning Environments: A Study of the Priority of Roles and Competencies of Open University Tutors in China

This study aims to identify the priority of the roles and competencies of tutors working in the e-learning environments where the tutors are experiencing the changes brought by reforming traditional TV and broadcasting university to open universities. The mixed methods, DACUM, non-participatory observation, and questionnaires were used to identify the priority of the roles and competencies of tutors. The findings suggested that the priority of the roles and competencies has significantly changed accompanied to the shift of pedagogy from cognitive behaviorist to social-constructivist and connectivist. Changes in the roles of the instructional designer and instructor were highlighted. Significant differences in perceptions of the importance of the roles and competencies corresponding to learning management and technology use also merit further attention.
International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning Introducing a Learning Management System at a Russian University: Students’ and Teachers’ Perceptions

Learning management systems (LMS) have been proven to encourage a constructive approach to knowledge acquisition and support active learning. One of the keys to successful and efficient use of LMS is how the stakeholders adopt and perceive this learning tool. The present research is therefore motivated by the importance of understanding teachers' and students' perceptions of LMS in order to anticipate possible issues (problems) and help to build a productive learning environment and a committed user community. The paper looks at this process at a Russian university (National Research University Higher School of Economics – HSE) where the system is being implemented and examines the following issues: qualification and readiness of the stakeholders to use LMS and their perceptions of the system's convenience, effectiveness, and usefulness. The research reveals remarkable divergence of students’ and teachers’ perceptions of various aspects of LMS which must be considered when raising the effectiveness of the system and building commitment to e-learning. They are analyzed and explicated in the present paper.
International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning Understanding the Early Adjustment Experiences of Undergraduate Distance Education Students in South Africa

Much research in face-to-face contexts outlines the importance of early adjustment on students’ higher education experiences. However, few studies have replicated this research in distance learning contexts to unpack the early multifaceted adjustments associated with studying in absence of a physical campus. This is particularly needed from a Global South perspective, where countries like South Africa have become regional hubs for distance learners. To explore distance learners’ adjustment experiences, this study analysed results from a Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) with 320 distance learners at the University of South Africa, mixed with qualitative thematic analysis of open-ended questions. The results outlined key factors that impact distance learning experiences for students in South Africa, including demographic variables, class, language, and access to resources. These findings, compared with similar work in face-to-face contexts, suggest areas in need of additional support from distance education providers in South Africa and beyond.
International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning Knowledge Marketplaces: An Analysis of the Influence of Business Models on Instructors’ Motivations and Strategies

Unlike MOOC platforms such as Coursera or edX, which typically partner with institutions of higher education, online knowledge marketplaces allow anyone to broadcast courses and charge for them. In this article, we investigate, through a mixed-method approach, the motivations and strategies of the instructors of Udemy and Skillshare. Semi-structured interviews and a quantitative analysis of the characteristics of Skillshare’s courses, obtained using a Web scraper, suggest that while a significant proportion of the marketplace’s instructors are outreach driven, the majority are income driven. They develop strategies to maximize their revenues, notably by adapting the characteristics of their courses, such as the number of videos, to the business model of the platform. Courses are shorter on Skillshare than on Udemy, where instructors’ incomes are proportional to the number of registrations. We hypothesize that the latter platform’s business model incentivizes instructors to create longer courses in order to attract wider audiences.