Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INITIAL GROWTH OF ‘PARICÁ’ (Schizolobium amazonicum) SEEDLINGS UNDER DIFFERENT NITROGEN DOSES

CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE MUDAS DE PARICA SOB DIFERENTES DOSES DE NITROGENIO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de diferentes dosagens de nitrogenio (N) sobre o crescimento inicial de mudas de parica ( Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex. Ducke). O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetacao e as mudas cultivadas em sacolas plasticas preenchidas com 5,0 kg de Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, arranjados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e dez repeticoes. Testou-se as doses de 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 kg ha-1 de N. Avaliou-se aos 45 dias pos-transplante a altura, diâmetro do colo, massa fresca da parte aerea, da raiz e total e relacao altura/diâmetro do colo. Todas as variaveis responderam de forma quadratica as doses de N aplicada. Ate os 45 dias pos transplantio indica-se a dose de 84,66 kg ha-1 de N para obtencao de mudas com maior altura e 71 kg ha-1 de N para mudas com maior diâmetro. Palavras-chave: Schizolobium amazonicum , producao de mudas, nutricao mineral, adubacao. ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different dosages of nitrogen (N) about the initial growth of ‘parica’ ( Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex. Ducke) seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and the seedlings cultivated in plastic bags filled with 5.0 kg of Oxisol, arranged in a completely randomized design with five treatments and ten repetitions. The nitrogen tests doses were 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 kg ha-1. The heights, stem diameter, fresh aerial matter, root and total and height/diameter stem, were evaluated at 45 days post-transplant. All variables responses in a quadratic way to N applied doses. Until 45 days post-transplant, it was indicated the dose of 84.66 kg ha-1 of N to obtain seedlings with greater height and 71 kg ha-1 of N seedlings with a larger diameter. Keywords: Schizolobium amazonicum , seedling production, mineral nutrition, fertilizing. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.14583/2318-7670.v04n02a11
Phlorizin from sweet tea inhibits the progress of esophageal cancer by antagonizing the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway

Phlorizin, an important member of the dihydrochalcone family, has been widely used as a Chinese Traditional Medicine for treatment of numerous diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of phlorizin on esophageal cancer. Phlorizin, extracted from sweet tea, was used to treat esophageal cancer cells. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays, and wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate the potential mechanism of phlorizin in the development of esophageal cancer. Fluorescent staining and flow cytometry was used to measure the level of apoptosis. The expression level of the proteins, P62/SQSTM1 and LC3 І/II, and the effect of phlorizin on the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was detected using western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that phlorizin could inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Bioinformatics analysis showed that phlorizin might be involved in pleiotropic effects, such as the ‘JAK/STAT signaling pathway’ (hsa04630), ‘MAPK signaling pathway’(hsa04010) and ‘apoptosis’ (hsa04210). It was also confirmed that phlorizin promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in the esophageal cancer cells. Notably, phlorizin might inhibit the proteins in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which would affect cancer cells. Taken together, the present data showed that phlorizin inhibited the progression of esophageal cancer by antagonizing the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Can dynamic occupancy models improve predictions of species' range dynamics? A test using Swiss birds

Predictions of species' current and future ranges are needed to effectively manage species under environmental change. Species ranges are typically estimated using correlative species distribution models (SDMs), which have been criticized for their static nature. In contrast, dynamic occupancy models (DOMs) explicitily describe temporal changes in species’ occupancy via colonization and local extinction probabilities, estimated from time series of occurrence data. Yet, tests of whether these models improve predictive accuracy under current or future conditions are rare. Using a long‐term data set on 69 Swiss birds, we tested whether DOMs improve the predictions of distribution changes over time compared to SDMs. We evaluated the accuracy of spatial predictions and their ability to detect population trends. We also explored how predictions differed when we accounted for imperfect detection and parameterized models using calibration data sets of different time series lengths. All model types had high spatial predictive performance when assessed across all sites (mean AUC > 0.8), with flexible machine learning SDM algorithms outperforming parametric static and DOMs. However, none of the models performed well at identifying sites where range changes are likely to occur. In terms of estimating population trends, DOMs performed best, particularly for species with strong population changes and when fit with sufficient data, while static SDMs performed very poorly. Overall, our study highlights the importance of considering what aspects of performance matter most when selecting a modelling method for a particular application and the need for further research to improve model utility. While DOMs show promise for capturing range dynamics and inferring population trends when fitted with sufficient data, computational constraints on variable selection and model fitting can lead to reduced spatial accuracy of predictions, an area warranting more attention.
Monovalent Cation-Exchanged Natrolites and Their Behavior under Pressure. A Computational Study

Recently natrolite was shown to be an auxetic material that is able to exchange extra-framework Na+ cations with other mono-, di-, and trivalent cations. Under pressure up to several GPa, these cation-exchanged natrolites undergo superhydration and/or phase transformations in the cation–water arrangement. Using density functional theory we studied in silico the ion exchange in natrolites. First we optimized the structures of Li+-, Na+-, K+-, Rb+-, and Cs+-exchanged natrolites at ambient conditions and compared the resulting lattice energies to that of the hypothetical H-form of natrolite. Of all natrolites, the smallest formal exchange energy was found for Na-NAT, in agreement with the natural occurrence of this material. Then we modeled the effect of pressure on Na-, Rb-, and Cs-natrolites, addressing (i) the incorporation of water ligands into the zeolite framework, accompanied by an increase in volume; and (ii) the changes in the cation–water arrangement within the zeolite pores. The computational mode.
Supporting the use of patient portals in mental health settings: a scoping review

ABSTRACT With the increased use of patient portals in acute and chronic care settings as a strategy to support patient care and improve patient-centric care, there is still little known about the impact of patient portals in mental health contexts. The purposes of this review were to: 1) identify the critical success factors for successful patient portal implementation and adoption among end-users that could be utilized in a mental health setting; 2) uncover what we know about existing mental health portals and their effectiveness for end-users; and 3) determine what indicators are being used to evaluate existing patient portals for end-users that may be applied in a mental health context. This scoping review was conducted through a search of six electronic databases including Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL for articles published between 2007 and 2021. A total of 31 articles were included in the review. Critical success factors of patient portal implementation included those related to education, usefulness, usability, culture, and resources. Only two patient portals had articles published related to their effectiveness for end-users (one in Canada and the other in the United States). More than 100 measures of process (n = 73) and outcome (n = 59) indicators were extracted from the studies and mapped to the Benefits Evaluation Framework. Patient portals carry great potential to improve patient care, but more attention needs to be given to ensure they are being evaluated through the development and implementation phases with the end-users in mind. Further understanding of process indicators relating to use are essential for long-term patient adoption of portals to obtain their potential benefits.
Structure and crystallization behavior of the (Ba,Sr)HAsO4·H2O solid-solution in aqueous environments

Abstract Crystals of different members of the (Ba,Sr)HAsO4·H2O solid solution have been synthesized, and the first structural studies indicate that they crystallize in the same space group, Pbca, with Z = 8. The unit-cell parameters are a = 7.436(2), b = 8.481(1), c = 14.348(6) Å, and a = 7.752(1), b = 8.759(1), c = 14.668(3) Å for the strontium and barium end-members, respectively. Both end-members have a layered structure with slices parallel to (001) linked by hydrogen bonds from the water molecules. These features are consistent with both the perfect cleavage on {001} and the morphological importance of this form in the crystals obtained. However, the two end-members are not isostructural and show differences in both the anionic hydrogen positions and number of hydrogen bonds. Complementary powder-diffraction measurements indicate that the cell parameters increase in a non-linear way with the barium content indicating that the solid solution is complete but could be non-ideal. Preliminary data suggest that barium partitions preferentially into the solid phase when crystallizing this solid solution from aqueous solutions.
Assessing self-criticism and self-reassurance: Examining psychometric properties and clinical usefulness of the Short-Form of the Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS-SF) in Spanish sample

The Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS) was designed to measure self-criticism (SC) through Inadequate Self (IS) and Hated Self (HS) factors, as well as self-reassurance (RS). However, its long and short forms have yet to be validated in the Spanish Population. The present study examines the psychometric properties of the short form (FSCRS-SF) and its clinical usefulness in a sample of 576 adult individuals, 77 with psychiatric disorders and 499 without. Non-clinical participants were split according to their previous experience with meditation (active meditators, n = 133; non-active meditators, n = 41; and non-meditators, n = 325) and differences between these subgroups were explored. Additionally, a subsample of 20 non-clinical participants took part in a mindfulness- and compassion- based intervention (MCBI) to assess the usefulness of the scale as an outcome measure. Results confirmed the original three-factorial structure, good internal consistency, acceptable test-retest reliability, and a pattern of correlations consistent with previous literature. Regarding differences between groups, the clinical subsample showed significant higher SC and lower RS levels than non-clinical participants and active meditators had significant lower IS and higher RS levels than non-meditators. Participants who participated in the MCBI showed significant RS improvement and a decrease in IS and HS levels. Moreover, a hierarchical multiple regression showed that RS made a significant predictive contribution to distress at three months’ time. In conclusion, results show that the Spanish version of the FSCRS-SF is a reliable and valid measure of SC and RS in non-clinical populations and an adequate instrument to detect changes after MCBIs.
Development of the evaluation methodology for the material relocation behavior in the core disruptive accident of sodium-cooled fast reactors

The in-vessel retention (IVR) of core disruptive accident (CDA) is of prime importance in enhancing safety characteristics of sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs). In the CDA of SFRs, molten core material relocates to the lower plenum of reactor vessel and may impose significant thermal load on the structures, resulting in the melt-through of the reactor vessel. In order to enable the assessment of this relocation process and prove that IVR of core material is the most probable consequence of the CDA in SFRs, a research program to develop the evaluation methodology for the material relocation behavior in the CDA of SFRs has been conducted. This program consists of three developmental studies, namely the development of the analysis method of molten material discharge from the core region, the development of evaluation methodology of molten material penetration into sodium pool, and the development of the simulation tool of debris bed behavior. The analysis method of molten material discharge was developed based on the computer code SIMMER-III since this code is designed to simulate the multi-phase, multi-component fluid dynamics with phase changes involved in the discharge process. Several experiments simulating the molten material discharge through duct using simulant materials were utilized as the basis of validation study of the physical models in this code. It was shown that SIMMER-III with improved physical models could simulate the molten material discharge behavior, including the momentum exchange with duct wall and thermal interaction with coolant. In order to develop an evaluation methodology of molten material penetration into sodium pool, a series of experiments simulating jet penetration behavior into sodium pool in SFR thermal condition were performed. These experiments revealed that the molten jet was fragmented in significantly shorter penetration length than the prediction by existing correlation for light water reactor conditions, due to the direct contact and thermal interaction of molten materials with coolant. The fragmented core materials form a sediment debris bed in the lower plenum. It is necessary to remove decay heat safely from this debris bed to achieve IVR. A simulation code to analyze the behavior of debris bed with decay heat was developed based on SIMMER-III code by implementing physical models, which simulate the interaction among solid particles in the bed. The code was validated by several experiments on the fluidization of particle bed by two-phase flow. These evaluation methodologies will serve as a basis for advanced safety assessment technology of SFRs in the future.
Butyrate enhances CPT1A activity to promote fatty acid oxidation and iTreg differentiation

Significance Inducible Treg (iTreg) cells are crucial for the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis. iTreg differentiation has been recently linked with metabolic reprogramming in fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Butyrate, a specific type of short-chain fatty acid readily produced from fiber-rich diets through microbial fermentation, was previously found to promote iTreg generation as an HDAC inhibitor and critical for intestinal homeostasis. Here, we revealed that butyrate could also facilitate iTreg differentiation by enhancing FAO. This process relies on butyrate conversion to butyryl-CoA, which directly targets CPT1A, the rate-limiting enzyme in FAO, to unleash CPT1A activity for iTreg differentiation. Together, our findings depict a previously unappreciated mechanism for the regulation of iTreg differentiation and fine-tuning of the intestinal immune homeostasis by butyrate. Inducible regulatory T (iTreg) cells play a crucial role in immune suppression and are important for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Mounting evidence has demonstrated connections between iTreg differentiation and metabolic reprogramming, especially rewiring in fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Previous work showed that butyrate, a specific type of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) readily produced from fiber-rich diets through microbial fermentation, was critical for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and capable of promoting iTreg generation by up-regulating histone acetylation for gene expression as an HDAC inhibitor. Here, we revealed that butyrate could also accelerate FAO to facilitate iTreg differentiation. Moreover, butyrate was converted, by acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2), into butyryl-CoA (BCoA), which up-regulated CPT1A activity through antagonizing the association of malonyl-CoA (MCoA), the best known metabolic intermediate inhibiting CPT1A, to promote FAO and thereby iTreg differentiation. Mutation of CPT1A at Arg243, a reported amino acid required for MCoA association, impaired both MCoA and BCoA binding, indicating that Arg243 is probably the responsible site for MCoA and BCoA association. Furthermore, blocking BCoA formation by ACSS2 inhibitor compromised butyrate-mediated iTreg generation and mitigation of mouse colitis. Together, we unveil a previously unappreciated role for butyrate in iTreg differentiation and illustrate butyrate–BCoA–CPT1A axis for the regulation of immune homeostasis.
Coarse-Grained Molecular Monte Carlo Simulations of Liquid Crystal-Nanoparticle Mixtures

Liquid crystals are a unique and complicated class of phases of matter, also called “mesophases”, which exhibit properties such as solid-like elasticity and anisotropy, and liquid-like flow. The industrial application of liquid crystals in display technology has revolutionized our lives. Most notably, it has enabled the development of thin light displays presently found in many portable devices such as digital watches (and smartwatches), cellphones, laptops, desktop computer monitors and large screen televisions. With the recent advances in nanotechnology, liquid crystals have attracted much interest as a medium for dispersing and organizing nanoparticles, the presence of which also alters the properties of the liquid crystal host and gives rise to new composite materials. The possible applications of these new materials reach far beyond displays. However, in order to understand how to design devices based on liquid crystal-nanoparticle mixtures, it is first essential to understand the structure of the latter at molecular resolution. To this end, computer simulation can provide invaluable insights. This thesis presents a study using a pairwise intermolecular potential capable of describing interactions between liquid crystal molecules and nanoparticles in a liquid crystalnanoparticle mixture. The so-called Zewdie-Corner potential is a Lennard-Jones type anisotropic pairwise potential where strength (energy scale) and range (length scale) parameters are expanded in terms of an orthogonal basis set of functions with respect to relative orientation and separation distance. This molecular coarse-grained methodology has been employed to represent liquid crystal molecules with cylinder-like shapes and nanoparticles with spherical shapes. Equilibrium structures of domains comprised exclusively of liquid crystal molecules, as well as domains with varying number fractions of liquid crystal molecules and nanoparticles, have been investigated using the Monte Carlo simulation technique in the isobaric-isothermal ensemble. Thermodynamic observables have been calculated and used to draw conclusions as to the molecular-scale structure and thermodynamics of the simulated liquid crystal-nanoparticle mixtures.
Scaling Up CareKit: Lessons Learned from Expansion of a Centralized Home HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Program

We described the lessons learned over a 2-year period during which the CareKit service delivered home human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted infection self-testing for 12 research studies targeting men who have sex with men and other sexual minorities. Background Despite advances in implementing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infection (STI) services for men who have sex with men (MSM), many remain underserved because of barriers like stigma, low facility coverage, and provider competency. This article describes the implementation of centralized nationwide mailed HIV/STI home testing (CareKit). Methods The Emory Center for AIDS Research developed CareKit for research study participants to request HIV self-test kits, STI specimen collection kits, and condom/lubricant packs to be shipped to any mailing address in the United States. Sexually transmitted infection kits were customized according to study needs and could include materials to collect whole blood, dried blood spots, urine sample, and rectal and pharyngeal swab samples for syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia testing. Specimens were mailed back to a central Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments–approved laboratory for testing, and results were returned to participants. Results CareKit was used by 12 MSM studies and mailed 1132 STI kits to 775 participants between January 2018 and March 2020. Participants returned 507 (45%) STI kits, which included 1594 individual specimens. Eighty-one kits (16%) had at least one positive STI test result: pharyngeal chlamydia (n = 7), pharyngeal gonorrhea (n = 11), rectal chlamydia (n = 15), rectal gonorrhea (n = 12), genital chlamydia (n = 6), genital gonorrhea (n = 1), and syphilis (n = 54). In this same 2-year period, 741 HIV self-test kits were mailed to 643 MSM. Conclusions CareKit successfully met studies' needs for home HIV/STI testing and diagnosed many STIs. These processes continue to be adapted for research and programs. The ability to mail home test kits has become increasingly important to reach those who may have limited access to health care services, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Comparison of a Handheld Device vs Endotracheal Tube–Based Neuromonitoring for Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Stimulation

Objective To measure the effect of thyroidectomy difficulty on intraoperative neuromonitoring false loss of signal (LOS) and to compare intraoperative endotracheal tube–based neuromonitoring (ETNM) and Checkpoint palpation-based direct stimulation (pDS) signals with postoperative laryngoscopy. We hypothesized that pDS has higher a positive predictive value for postdissection confirmation of recurrent laryngeal nerve function than ETNM and that this difference is accentuated with increasing thyroidectomy difficulty. Study Design Prospective single-arm cross-sectional study comparing ETNM and pDS for patients undergoing hemi-, total, or completion thyroidectomy from July 2018 to March 2020. Setting Single-surgeon series at a tertiary care hospital. Methods Percentage concordance and positive and negative predictive values were measured. Each thyroidectomy was assigned a validated thyroidectomy difficulty score, and recorded recurrent laryngeal nerve signals were compared with postoperative vocal fold mobility. Results Percentage concordance was 90.09%. Positive and negative predictive values were 0.19 (95% CI, 0.09-0.31) and 1.0 for ETNM and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.35-0.82) and 1.0 for pDS. The difference in positive predictive value was significant (0.40 [95% CI, 0.33-0.47], P < .001). False LOS rates for ETNM and pDS were 13.19% versus 3.30% (9.89% [95% CI, 1.80%-18.62%], P = .0155), 44.11% versus 0% (44.11% [95% CI, 25.80%-60.54%], P < .001), and 73.33% versus 13.33% (60% [95% CI, 24.76%-78.46%], P = .001) for the second through fourth thyroidectomy difficulty score quartiles, respectively. False LOS with ETNM was linearly correlated with increasing difficulty (R2 = 0.97). Conclusion ETNM was subject to high rates of postdissection false LOS that increased with thyroidectomy difficulty score. pDS is a reliable alternative that has higher positive predictive value than ETNM, particularly in more challenging cases such as those with posteriorly fixed thyroid cancers and fibrotic glands. Evidence level 2.