Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CURRENT STATUS AND PREDICTORS OF URINARY SCHISTOSOMIASIS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN LIVING IN COMMUNITIES AROUND MAIRUWA DAM, FUNTUA LOCAL GOVERNMENT, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA

Schistosomiasis, is one of the world’s major Neglected Tropical Diseases of great public health concern. It is mostly prevalent in poor communities with little or no access to portable drinking water and adequate sanitation. This research is aimed to determine the current status and predictors of urinary schistosomiasis among schoolchildren living in communities around Mairuwa dam, Funtua Local Government, Katsina state, Nigeria. The survey was conducted among 394 schoolchildren aged 7-15 years. Socio-demographic information of the children was obtained using pre-tested questionnaires. Urine samples were collected using standard techniques and examined by filtration method for the presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs. The findings showed an overall prevalence of 29.4% and mean intensity of 29.0 eggs/10ml of urine. The findings further indicated that, males were most infected by the disease as all the females that participated in the survey were un-infected. Children from Dikke primary school were more infected compared to the participants from the other primary schools. The main predictors for the infection in the area were gender (P = <0.01) and water contact activities (P = <0.01). Efforts to curtail the spread of the infection in the area should include supply of safe drinking water and vigorous public awareness campaigns at both school and community levels.
On regular $\kappa$-bounded spaces admitting only constant continuous mappings into $T_1$ spaces of pseudo-character $\leq \kappa$

In this paper for each cardinal κ we construct an infinite κ-bounded (and hence countably compact) regular space Rκ such that for any T1 space Y of pseudo-character ≤ κ, each continuous function f : Rκ → Y is constant. This result resolves two problems posted by Tzannes in Open Problems from Topology Proceedings [12] and extends results of Ciesielski and Wojciechowski [4] and Herrlich [8]. We shall follow the terminology of [6, 11]. Throughout of this paper all cardinals are assumed to be infinite. Regular spaces on which every continuous real-valued function (or, more generally, spaces on which every continuous function into a given space Y ) is constant are of particular interest in general topology. Such spaces were constructed and investigated in [1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16]. For instance, a well-known result of Herrlich [8] states the following: Theorem 1 ([8, Theorem]). Let Y be a topological space. The following conditions are equivalent: • Y is a T1-space; • there exists a regular space X (having at least two points), such that every continuous map from X to Y is constant. Also, Ciesielski and Wojciechowski in [4] proved the following: Theorem 2 ([4, Theorem 7]). For any uncountable cardinal κ there exists a regular space Y of cardinality κ such that any continuous function from Y into any Hausdorff space Z with a countable pseudo-character is constant. However, all known examples of regular spaces on which every continuous real-valued function is constant are far from being countably compact. In [15] Tzannes constructed a Hausdorff countably compact space T on which every continuous real-valued function is constant. Nevertheless, the space T is strongly non-Urysohn. In particular, no pair of distinct points of T have disjoint closed neighborhoods. In [12] Tzannes posed the following two problems: Problem 1 ([12, Problem C65]). Does there exist a regular (first countable, separable) countably compact space on which every continuous real-valued function is constant? Problem 2 ([12, Problem C66]). Does there exist, for every Hausdorff space R, a regular (first countable, separable) countably compact space on which every continuous function into R is constant? Let κ be a cardinal. A topological space X is called κ-bounded if the the closure of each subset A ⊂ X of cardinality ≤ κ is compact. It is clear that each κ-bounded space is countably compact and each κ-bounded space of density ≤ κ is compact. The pseudo-character ψ(X) of a space X is the smallest cardinal λ such that each point is the intersection of a family of cardinality ≤ λ of sets which are open in X . In this paper for each cardinal κ we construct an infinite κ-bounded regular space Rκ such that for each T1 space Y of pseudo-character ≤ κ, each continuous function f : Rκ → Y is constant. This result resolves Problems 1, 2 and extends Theorems 1, 2. The work of the first author is supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF (Grant I 3709 N35).
Distribution patterns and priorities for conservation of endemic Iranian Monocots: determining the Areas of Endemism (AOEs)

Iranian endemic monocotyledons include 152 species belonging to 35 genera of 10 plant families and comprise about 2.08% of Iranian plant flora and approximately 6.9% of Iran's endemic flora. Amaryllidaceae, with 71 species, is the largest family of endemic monocots in Iran. Endemic species were categorized based on topographic zonations including basins (less than 300 m a.s.l.), lowlands (300–1000 m a.s.l.), semi-mountainous (1000–1500 m a.s.l.), mountainous (1500–2500 m a.s.l.), alpine (2500–3500 m a.s.l.), and subnivale (3500–4500 m a.s.l.). Iranian endemic monocots included critically endangered (CR): 60% (89 spp), endangered (EN): 17% (26 spp.), near threatened (NT): 12% (18 spp), vulnerable (VU): 8% (12 spp), and the least concern (LC): 3% (4 spp.). Besides, the Kurdistan–Zagros range and the Atropatenian phytogeographical units feature the highest numbers of critically endangered taxa and form the first class in conservation value and priority. This will aid in management planning, in situ and ex situ conservation, and modeling habitat suitability for rehabilitation and restoration plans.
Body Consciousness and Self-Objectification in Gen Z Adolescent Girls

In contemporary Indian society media has magnified age-old pressures for teenage girls to conform to stereotypical standards. Contemporary Indian mythologist and author, Devdutt Pattanaik gives us a vivid picture of the socio-cultural and religious genesis of the Indian society. He validates the inherent gender-based inequality so characteristic of the Indian society in his book, 7 Secrets of the Goddess “A woman stops being a person; she is dehumanized and turned into a symbol of masculine honor, this transformation from prized possession to venerated object marks the triumph of patriarchy". This objectification of the female body not only instigates shame and dread but also encourages chasing what society thinks is ideal. The present study thus aimed to explore the role of Self-Objectification in objectified body consciousness i.e., body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs of adolescent females age ranging (15 to 19) from Punjab (n=60). Self-Objectification Scale was used to screen in females high and low on self-objectification. Alongside scores on the subscales of Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (OBCS) were obtained. The findings suggested that media images have a detrimental effect on adolescent psyche. It’s imperative to improve a woman's experience of her own body. Psycho-educational interventions in school and colleges should be introduced which focus on presenting and reinforcing a critical stance toward female beauty standards, in order to prevent-or at least reduce-high levels of internalization and social comparison.
The Influence of Theory of Planned Behaviour on Work-Life Extension among Healthcare Professionals in Nigeria: Data Screening and Preliminary Analysis

The acutescarcity of health professionals, especially registered nurses and registered midwivesin Nigeria has provoked the government to suggest a policy to extend thesehealthcare providers’ work-life after retirement. Nonetheless, not much is known about the intention and subsequent preparation among the selected healthcare providers to extend their work-life after retirement. This study’s objective was to conduct data screening and preliminary analysis of somecarefully chosentheory of planned behaviour constructs (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, intention, and preparation). The study used a cross-sectional survey and a simple random sampling technique to gather data. A total of 515 questionnaires were sent to the prospective respondents, and 446 filled and usable questionnaires were retrieved and used for further analysis. The data was screened and cleaned using statistical package for social science (SPSS) v24 to fulfil multivariate analysis’s fundamentalassumptions, emphasizing reliable, acceptable, error-free data, and a clear interpretation of results. Explicitly, the current study carried out data screening throughassessingresponse rate, missing values, and outliers—also, the study screensnormality, multicollinearity, nonresponse bias, and common method variance. The outcome of the study demonstrated the dataset satisfied all the conditions for further multivariate analysis.The study’s findings will be significant toresearchers, health professionals, and policymakers vested with the responsibility of ensuring Nigeria’s society’s health and wellbeing. Thus, this paper recommends that the current dataset explore the association between the predictor variables and the criterion variable(s).
The effect of problem-solving learning models on creative thinking skills in science subjects

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of applying the Problem Solving learning model to the creative thinking abilities of grade VII students at one of the SMPN in Padang in 2019/2020. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study using the Randomized Control Group Posttest Only Design. This study's population was all students of class VII at one of the SMPN in Padang in 2019/2020; there were six classes. The research sample is class VII 3 (experimental class) and class VII 5 (control class). Sampling uses a purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was an observation sheet of students' creative thinking abilities and a posttest creative thinking sheet. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that the students' creative thinking ability in the experimental class is higher than the control class with the average value of the experimental class creative thinking test (52.45) and the control class (39.39). Data analysis using t-test showed that t count (3.66)> t table (1.67). So the conclusion is the Problem Solving learning model has a positive effect on the creative thinking ability of grade VII students at one of the SMPN in Padang.
CUTICULAR UPTAKE OF GLYPHOSATE INTO WHEAT WITH ORGANOSILICONE SURFACTANT

Droplet spread areas on wheat leaves were determined for a range of solutions containing Silwet L-77 surfactant. In combination with added glyphosate at different concentrations, this provided a range of dosages of glyphosate per unit leaf area. Uptake varied with both surfactant and glyphosate concentrations but the controlling factor was the mass of glyphosate per area, as the uptake was identical for equivalent dosages applied. Uptake peaked at approximately 90% within 4 h when dosages equalled or exceeded 2 µg/mm 2 .
Does COVID-19 Take a Breath? The Chinese Current Situation

Four new zoonotic coronaviruses outbreak occurred in the past two decades. The first coronavirus outbreak happened in 2003 and was named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1), followed by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2013, and by Swine Acute Diarrhoea Syndrome (SADS) in 2017. In late December 2019, a patient from Wuhan Seafood Wholesale Market, China, was admitted to Huang's hospital with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of apparently unknown etiology, which later was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2-induced coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 was identified from another clade within the subgenus Sarbecovirus of the genus Betacoronavirus. This new CoV variant showed 96.2% similarity at whole-genome level to bat coronavirus. Based on genetic studies, pangolin, bats, and snakes are suspected to be a possible intermediate host of this virus, but further research is in progress to determine how this virus appeared and what is the exact source of infection. The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has higher transmissibility, contagiosity and pathogenicity compared to that of SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. SARS-CoV-2 swiftly spread from continent to continent and is persistently causing a shocking global public health concern albeit the rate of infected cases and mortality is relatively decreasing over time. In this review, we provide an update on the origin, transmissibility, etiology, epidemiology, and evolution of COVID-19. We also highlight the current diagnostics, therapies, and prognostics for SARS-CoV-2. Eventually, we report and provide our humble opinion about the preventive strategies to control the ongoing related pandemic situation at global and individual levels, considering the international public health emergency and possible future epidemics and pandemics.
Metabolism of MRX-I, a Novel Antibacterial Oxazolidinone, in Humans: the Oxidative Ring-opening of 2,3-Dihydropyridin-4-one Catalyzed by Non-P450 Enzymes

MRX-I is an analogue of linezolid, containing a 2,3-dihydropyridin-4-one (DHPO) ring rather than a morpholine ring. Our objectives were to characterize the major metabolic pathways of MRX-I in humans and to clarify the mechanism underlying the oxidative ring-opening of the DHPO. After an oral dose of MRX-I (600 mg), nine metabolites were identified in humans. The principal metabolic pathway proposed involved DHPO ring-opening, generating the main metabolites in the plasma and urine: the hydroxyethyl amino propionic acid metabolite MRX445-1 and the carboxymethyl amino propionic acid metabolite MRX459. An in vitro phenotyping study demonstrated that multiple non-P450 enzymes are involved in the formation of MRX445-1 and MRX459, including flavin-containing monooxygenase 5 (FMO5), short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR), aldehyde ketone reductase (AKR), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). H 218 O experiments revealed that two 18 O atoms are incorporated into MRX445-1, one in the carboxyethyl group and the other in the hydroxyl group, and three 18 O atoms are incorporated into MRX459, two in the carboxymethyl group and one in the hydroxyl group. Based on these results, the mechanism proposed for DHPO ring opening involves the metabolism of MRX-I via FMO5-mediated Baeyer–Villiger oxidation to an enol lactone, hydrolysis to an enol, and enol–aldehyde tautomerism to an aldehyde. The aldehyde is reduced by SDR, AKR, ALDH to MRX445-1 or oxidized by ALDH to MRX459. Our study suggests that few clinical adverse drug–drug interactions should be anticipated between MRX-I and P450 inhibitors or inducers.
A Structural Model of a Multitasking Salesforce: Incentives, Private Information, and Job Design

This paper broadens the focus of empirical research on salesforce management to include multitasking settings with multidimensional incentives, where salespeople have private information about customers. This allows us to ask novel substantive questions around multidimensional incentive design and job design while managing the costs and benefits of private information. To this end, the paper introduces the first structural model of a multitasking salesforce in response to multidimensional incentives. The model also accommodates (i) dynamic intertemporal tradeoffs in effort choice across the tasks and (ii) salesperson’s private information about customers. We apply our model in a rich empirical setting in microfinance and illustrate how to address various identification and estimation challenges. We extend two-step estimation methods used for unidimensional compensation plans by embedding a flexible machine learning (random forest) model in the first-stage multitasking policy function estimation within an iterative procedure that accounts for salesperson heterogeneity and private information. Estimates reveal two latent segments of salespeople—a hunter segment that is more efficient in loan acquisition and a farmer segment that is more efficient in loan collection. Counterfactuals reveal heterogeneous effects: hunters’ private information hurts the firm as they engage in adverse selection; farmers’ private information helps the firm as they use it to better collect loans. The payoff complementarity induced by multiplicative incentive aggregation softens adverse specialization by hunters relative to additive aggregation but hurts performance among farmers. Overall, task specialization in job design for hunters (acquisition) and farmers (collection) hurts the firm as adverse selection harm overwhelms efficiency gain. This paper was accepted by Duncan Simester, marketing.
Short Communication: Molecular bird sexing on kutilang (Pycnonotus sp.) based on amplification of CHD-Z and CHD-W genes by using polymerase chain reaction method

Abstract. Pamulang YV, Haryanto A. 2021. Short Communication: Molecular bird sexing on kutilang (Pycnonotus sp.) based on amplification of CHD-Z and CHD-W genes by using polymerase chain reaction method. Biodiversitas 22: 449-452. Sex determination is an important aspect in breeding, ecological studies, rearing and reproductive management on Kutilang (Pycnonotus sp.) birds. It is based on differences in intron lengths from DNA amplification of the Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding (CHD) genes on the Z and W sex chromosomes. This study aims to compare the molecular bird sexing method on Pycnonotus sp. by PCR amplification derived from two different DNA sources. DNA was extracted from DNA 100 µL peripheral blood (1-2 drops) and three plucked feathers from each sample. The CHD genes were amplified using PCR method and visualized by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gel. The amplified DNA fragments were single and double DNA bands in the size of 300 bp for the CHD-Z and 400 bp for the CHD-W genes. Three samples were identified as males from the six Pycnonotus sp. while the other three were females. The molecular sexing of six Kultilang (Pycnonotus sp.) birds showed that three samples were males and three were females. Descriptive analysis of two different DNA sources showed that the DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples has better quality than DNA extracted from plucked feathers.
The Impact of Quantitative Easing on Sectoral Stock Prices in the Euro Area

in English The Global Financial Crisis prompted central banks to adopt unconventional monetary policies such as the asset purchase programmes. In our thesis, we analyse whether securities purchases carried out by the ECB have had an impact on stock prices and whether these effects vary across sectors. We decompose the central bank announcement surprises into two opposing effects, a pure monetary policy shock and an information shock. We find that the pure monetary policy shock has indeed significant effects on stock prices across all sectors, suggesting that controlling for the information shock is important when analysing the effects of central bank announcements. Abstract in Catalan La crisi financera global va empènyer els bancs centrals a adoptar polítiques monetàries no convencionals com ara els programes de compra d'actius. Aquest treball analitza si aquestes compres per part del BCE han tingut un impacte sobre el preu de les accions així com si l'efecte ha estat homogeni per a tots els sectors. Descomposem les sorpreses del banc central en un xoc purament de política monetària i un xoc d'informació. En aquest marc podem concloure que els xocs purament tenen un efecte significatiu sobre el preu de les accions de tots els sectors i per tant, és necessari controlar pels xocs d'informació quan s'estudien els efectes dels anuncis dels banc centrals.
More Accounts, Fewer Links

Algorithmic timeline curation is now an integral part of Twitter's platform, affecting information exposure for more than 150 million daily active users. Despite its large-scale and high-stakes impact, especially during a public health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the exact effects of Twitter's curation algorithm generally remain unknown. In this work, we present a sock-puppet audit that aims to characterize the effects of algorithmic curation on source diversity and topic diversity in Twitter timelines. We created eight sock puppet accounts to emulate representative real-world users, selected through a large-scale network analysis. Then, for one month during early 2020, we collected the puppets' timelines twice per day. Broadly, our results show that algorithmic curation increases source diversity in terms of both Twitter accounts and external domains, even though it drastically decreases the number of external links in the timeline. In terms of topic diversity, algorithmic curation had a mixed effect, slightly amplifying a cluster of politically-focused tweets while squelching clusters of tweets focused on COVID-19 fatalities and health information. Finally, we present some evidence that the timeline algorithm may exacerbate partisan differences in exposure to different sources and topics. The paper concludes by discussing broader implications in the context of algorithmic gatekeeping.
The Impact of Adoption of Modern Agriculture on Poverty Reduction in Rwanda: A case of KABOKU Cooperative Members in Nyagatare District

Crop yields in Rwanda remain as low as 40-50 percent of their potential owing to subsistence farming practiced by more than 70% of the population. This study examined the impact of adoption of modern agriculture on poverty reduction among KOBAKU cooperative members in Nyagatare District, Rwanda in a period of 2013-2018. The specific objectives were; to identify determinants of farmer’s decision to adopt modern agriculture, to compare farmers’ household income and consumption expenditure, and to determine the relationship between the farmer’s adoption of modern agriculture and their households’ poverty reduction. A sample size of 108 was drawn from 1083 cooperative members and 8 key informants using purposive and stratified sampling techniques. A survey was conducted on 64 male and 44 female, while 8 local authorities were purposively selected based on their relevance to this study as key informants. The Chi-square test of independence was applied to measure the significance of the determinants of farmers’ decisions to adopt modern agriculture, while a t-test was used to identify the difference between their household’s income and consumption expenditure, and poverty reduction before and after adoption of modern agriculture. The findings showed that the farmers’ mean annual income per household increased from around 200,000Rwf before adoption of modern agriculture to around 1,000,000Rwf after adoption, with a significant mean difference of 1.44 (P-value =0.000<0.05) and t=20.2726 (great magnitude). Their weekly expenditure made almost a twofold rise from 8,000Rwf to 15,000Rwf, with a significant mean difference of 0.8 (P-value =0.000<0.05) and t=17.6541 (great magnitude). As a result, their living standards made a fourfold increase from 21.5% before to 82.2% after adoption as a proof of their poverty reduction. Inputs and the market for the output from modern agriculture as well as related services proved to be the major determinants of farmer’s adoption of modern agriculture. As recommendations, policy makers and other development partners should consider making contextualized decisions by taking into account the main determinants of farmers’ decisions to adopt new technologies for poverty reduction and sustainability of agriculture sector.