Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONTRIBUTION TO THE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL STUDY OF ISOLATED LACTIC LEVAINS OF FERMENTED CASSAVA FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ADJOUKROU, AHIZI AND EBRIÉ ATTIÉKÉ

The current work aims to study the typology of the lactic starter isolated from the fermented cassava for the production of Adjoukrou, Ahizi and Ebrié attiéké. The objective is to highlight the contribution of autochthone strain selected empirically by local know-how, to the development of the originality of the attiéké produced in the Adjoukrou, Ahizi and Ebrié areas. The leaven is defined by as a culture of selected microorganisms which are introduced into the products to be fermented. In this work, the lactic leaven of attiéké was defined as the set of species of lactic acid bacteria detected during the fermentation of the cassava paste initiated by an attiéké inoculum. In order to identify the biotechnological parameters which, characterize each lactic starter, a number of five to seven strains of lactic acid bacteria, representative of the species competing during the fermentation, were selected for each area. These descriptors are: the proportion of the alkaline phosphatase, cysteine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, Lipase esterase C8 and N-acetyl-  -glucoaminidase positive strains. The originality of the lactic leaven involved in the production of Adjoukrou attiéké is the prevalence of positive alkaline phosphatase bacteria and the deficiency in exo enzymes positive bacteria. Ahizi attiéké leaven from Abraco sites is characterized by the quantitative importance of cysteine arylamidase, esterase lipase C8, valine arylamidase, N-acetyl-β-glucoaminidase producing bacteria and by a deficiency of bacteriocin producing bacteria. Ebrié attiéké leaven of Abidjan sites similar to that of Ahizi origin by, inter alia, the quantitative extent of osidases producing bacteria and then Adjoukrou one by bacteria with antibacterial activity (bacteriocins producers).
Effect of freezing on the chemical quality changes and fatty acid composition of cultured shrimp muscle, Litopenaus vannamei

Effect of freezing on the chemical quality and fatty acid composition of cultured shrimp muscle, Litopenaus vannamei were investigated by measuring moisture content, ash, total protein content, total lipid content, fatty acid composition, and Thio barbituric Acid (TBA) during 6 month keeping in frozen storage at 18°C. According to the results, moisture content (75.93% to 73.10%), ash (1.5% to 2.07%), total protein content (25.3% to 20.87%) and total lipid content (0.83% to 0.23%) changed during six month of frozen storage. PUFA (45.21%) content was higher than the SFA (30.08%) and MUFA (19.32%) content. The poly chain unsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and mono chain unsaturated fatty acids in shrimp muscle were C18:2n6 (15.32%), C20:5n3 (9.68%), C22:6n3 (8.48%), C16:0(15.18%), C18:0 (13.04%) and C18:1n9 (15.32%), respectively. The thio barbituric acid values (TBA) ranged
On Parallel Evaluation of SPARQL Queries

—The Semantic Web databases are growing bigger and much effort is given to introduce new approaches to querying them effectively. Most of the current approaches are based on query optimization or their parallel or distributed run. However, they do not fully beneﬁt from potential of the modern, multicore computers in parallel processing. Although the parallel relational database systems have been well examined, parallel query computing in Semantic Web databases has not been extensively studied. This paper follows our previous research in parallelization of evaluation of SPARQL queries by outlining the possibility of further parallelization of query operators themselves. As a result, we developed a parallel SPARQL query execution engine built over Bobox framework. We show that intraoperation parallelism yields to better performance.
Exploring the role of innovation in promoting performance of small rural SMMEs: A case study of small scale agricultural enterprises in the Vryburg region of South Africa

—The sub-optimal performance of small, micro and medium enterprises (SMMEs) has been a grave concern in African developing countries, where the triple challenges of high unemployment, poverty and inequality are rife. More so, while a growing body of entrepreneurship literature attributes the underperformance of SMMEs in developing countries to lack of innovation of these firms, this literature has focused substantially on large scale, urban based enterprises in the manufacturing and retail sectors. Consequently, despite the increasing value of rural based agricultural enterprises to the economies of developing countries, the role of innovation in the performance of rural-based SMMEs remain under-explored and ambiguous in literature. Therefore, this paper examines the role and contribution of innovation to the improvement of SMME performance. The thesis of this paper is that mindful of the agro-based nature of African economies, the ballooning population that domicile in rural areas coupled with the increasing role of food security in national development discourses, the significance of innovation in successful SMME performance cannot be over emphasised. To test the hypothesis that innovation positively impacts performance of small rural agricultural SMMEs, this study employed survey approach to data from 198 small scale agricultural enterprises (SAAEs) in the Vryburg region of South Africa. Our findings suggest that innovation has a positive and moderate influence on the performance of small rural agricultural SMMEs surveyed. The study recommends the design and implementation of innovation-driven approaches to agricultural SMMEs to promote sustained profitability and growth of the SMME sector in developing countries.
Compositing Ground Penetrating Radar Scans of Differing Frequencies for Better Depth Perception

Methods developed to reduce interference in a noisy environment, be it radar target responses or effective communications in the presence of noise for mobile phone users, are vital in delivering a clear usable signal. The methods used to render a cleaner signal can also be used to combine signals of various frequencies. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) scans over the same area are no exception. This paper explores using an optimization problem solver, the Expectation Maximization (EM) Algorithm, to define the weights to use to combine multiple GPR scans at different frequencies over the same target area. This approach exploits the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) feature of the EM algorithm to produce a cleaner image at depth. Our method demonstrates a measured improvement toward producing a cleaner image. Keywords-Ground Penetrating Radar; Expectation Maximization; Gaussian Mixture Model; Maximum Likelihood parameter estimation; Finite Difference Time Domain Method, GprMax.
PRESSURE-ASSISTED OZONATION AND AERATION OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE FOR CELL RUPTURING AND ANAEROBIC DIGESTION ENHANCEMENT by

The generation of a large volume of activated sludge (AS) from wastewater treatment has increasingly become a great burden on the environment. Anaerobic digestion is routinely practiced for excess waste sludge; however, the process retention time is long because of kinetic limitation in the hydrolysis step. This study tested the feasibility of applying cycles of pressure-assisted ozonation (PAO) to enhance the disintegration and solubilization of AS for digestion using reduced ozone dose and contact time. The kinetics of solid reduction and biogas production of PAO-treated sludge are evaluated in this study. The ultimate goal is to introduce an effective treatment method that produces increased soluble organic contents from AS for enhanced excess sludge reduction and biogas production during conventional anaerobic digestion. Results show that for the returned AS with total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) of 8200 mg L-1, a dose of 0.01 g O3 g-1 total suspended solids (TSS) delivered via 20 pressure cycles within 16 min resulted in a 37-fold increase of the sCOD/tCOD ratio (due to increased soluble COD, i.e., sCOD) and a 25% reduction of TSS, in comparison to a dose of 0.08 g O3 g-1 TSS via bubbling contact over 15 min that resulted in a 15-fold increase of the sCOD/tCOD ratio and a 12% reduction of TSS. Sludge solubilization was evidenced by increased dissolved contents of total phosphorous (from 10 to 64 mg L-1), total nitrogen (from 14 to 120 mg L-1), and protein (from < 15 to 39 mg L-1) in the sludge suspension after treatment, indicating significant solubilization of AS. The subsequent anaerobic
Edinburgh Research Explorer Flexibility premium of emissions permits

Investments in abatement technology are often characterised by irreversibility and signiﬁ- cant implementation lags, whereas emissions permits can be traded at any time. As such, abatement and emissions permit trading systems are hardly perfect substitutes. We for- mally study the ﬂexibility of emissions permits and propose a uniﬁed framework to ra-tionalise the impact of both investment/divestment lags and irreversibility in relation to the price of emissions permits. Using option pricing concepts, we reformulate the technology adoption problem in terms of the technology’s characteristics (irreversibility and implementation lags) and offer a conceptual quantiﬁcation of the ﬂexibility premium of emissions permits. divestment lags. Then, we discuss the effects on the ﬂexibility premium of varying investment and divestment costs and different values of the volatility of the net operating proﬁts. This way
IMPROVING QUALITY PROPERTIES OF CATFISH MINCE

: Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) is a good and cheap source for animal protein, however it has low markting value due to less appelizing taste. So, it is necessary to improve quality properties of such fish. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of washing on chemical, physical, microbiological of minced catfish using three washing steps on minced catfish flesh. It was washed using NaHCO 3 (0.2%), followed by distilled water and lastly with NaCl (0.15%). The obtainal results revealed that most yield loss through washing steps was in the 2 nd step (distilled water) and the 3 rd step (NaCl) washing. As a result of washing, the percent of moisture and protein increased, but fat and ash levels decreased. Furthermore, it was found that the pH value showed a significant increase due to washing. The three washing steps improved the water holding capacity of minced fish especially at the 1 st step of washing. Values of total volatile bases nitrogen (TVB-N) and trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N) as well as the thiobarbituric acid value decreased gradually due to washing. Stepwise washing process also caused reduction in the total bacteria count and psychrophillic bacteria count compared with the unwashed mince. It could be concluded that washing process greatly affect and improved the product quality.
Case Report Preaxial Polydactyly in an Elderly Woman

A 70-year-old woman born and raised in India presented with Wassel type IV preaxial polydactyly of the right thumb and di ﬃ culty performing daily activities. She elected for surgical reconstruction after postponing the procedure for many years due to cultural norms. Her postoperative course was unremarkable. At her 3-month follow-up, she was diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome and underwent open carpal tunnel release. Preaxial polydactyly repair is unusual in patients older than 25 years. Though the duplication is considered lucky in South Asia, indications for this case were arthritic pain, cosmesis, and function. This case report details a unique indication for polydactyly reconstruction, arthritic pain, which may bene ﬁ t hand surgeons when discussing the literature on adult polydactyly with their patients.
The Failure Mechanism of the Glenoid Implant Using in vitro Monitoring Techniques and It's Validity Using Clinical CT Measures

Definite glenoid implant loosening is identifiable on radiographs. However, identifying early glenoid loosening still eludes clinicians. Methods to monitor glenoid loosening in vitro have not been validated to clinical imaging. This study investigates the correlation between in vitro measures and CT images. Ten cadaveric scapulae were implanted with a pegged glenoid implant and fatigue tested to failure. Each implant was cyclically loaded superiorly and the scapulae were CT scanned every 20,000 cycles and at failure to monitor progressive radiolucent lines. The superior and inferior rim displacements were also measured. A finite element (FE) model for one scapula was used to model the loading test and analyse the interfacial stresses at the implant/cement and cement/bone. All ten implants failed inferiorly at the implant-cement interface, two also failed at the cement-bone interface inferiorly, three additionally showed superior failure. Failure occurred at of 80,966 ± 53,729 (mean±SD) cycles. Significant correlations were found between increasing inferior rim displacement and failure of the glenoid implant, and of increase in vertical head displacement and failure. CT scans confirmed failure of the fixation, and in most cases, was observed either before or with visual failure, indicating its usefulness for detecting loosening earlier for earlier intervention if needed. The FE model showed peak tensile stresses inferiorly and high compressive stresses superiorly, corroborating the experimental findings. Similar failure modes have been cited in clinical and in vitro studies. In vitro monitoring methods correlated to failure progression in clinical CT images. Clinical Significance: The study highlights failure at the implant-cement interface and that early signs of failure are identifiable in CT images.
Quest for the lost siblings of the Sun

Aims. The aim of this paper is to find lost siblings of the Sun by analyzing high resolution spectra. Finding solar siblings will enable us to constrain the parameters of the parental cluster and the birth place of the Sun in the Galaxy. Methods. The solar siblings can be identified by accurate measurements of metallicity, stellar age and elemental abundances for solar neighbourhood stars. The solar siblings candidates were kinematically selected based on their proper motions, parallaxes and colours. Stellar parameters were determined through a purely spectroscopic approach and partly physical method, respectively. Comparing synthetic with observed spectra, elemental abundances were computed based on the stellar parameters obtained using a partly physical method. A chemical tagging technique was used to identify the solar siblings. Results. We present stellar parameters, stellar ages, and detailed elemental abundances for Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, and Ni for 32 solar sibling candidates. Our abundances analysis shows that four stars are chemically homogenous together with the Sun. Technique of chemical tagging gives us a high probability that they might be from the same open cluster. Only one candidate - HIP 40317 - which has solar metallicity and age could be a solar sibling. We performed simulations of the Suns birth cluster in analytical Galactic model and found that most of the radial velocities of the solar siblings lie in the range -10 <= V-r <= 10 km s(-1), which is smaller than the radial velocity of HIP 40317 (V-r = 34.2 km s(-1)), under different Galactic parameters and different initial conditions of the Suns birth cluster. The sibling status for HIP 40317 is not directly supported by our dynamical analysis (Less)
During Fetal Development T Cell Repertoires d g The Generation of Human

The nature of how human gd T cells are normally generated is not clear. We have used an RT-PCR assay and DNA sequencing to identify and compare d -encoded TCRs (TCRDs) that are generated de novo in the fetal gut, liver, and thymus and to determine when, where, and how the TCRD repertoire is established during normal embryonic development. Rearranged TCRDV genes are ﬁrst expressed outside of the thymus in the liver and primitive gut between 6 and 9 wk gestation. Although DV1Rs and/or DV2Rs predominated, differences in the pattern of TCRDV gene rearrangement and transcription in each tissue during ontogeny were identiﬁed. Speciﬁc, DV2-encoded TCRs are highly conserved throughout ontogeny in the tissues from the same and between genetically distinct donors. Although the thymic and intestinal gd T cell repertoires partially overlap early in development, they diverge and become nonoverlapping during the second trimester, and the generation of the intestinal gd T cell repertoire is characterized by differences in the processing of DV1Rs and DV2Rs. Whereas the structural diversity of DV1Rs progressively increases during gut development up to birth, DV2Rs have limited structural diversity throughout ontogeny. Together, our ﬁndings provide evidence for the ability of different fetal tissues to support the development of gd T cells. The Journal of Immunology, 1998, 160: 5851–5860.
Relationship Of Intelligence And Originality Of Creative Thinking In Secondary School Students

Creativity plays a key role in many theories of the giftedness, and from this perspective, the relationship between creativity and intelligence is of particular interest for identification and development of high ability children. The study aimed to examine the relationship between the originality of creative thinking and general intelligence in the secondary school students of various grade-levels and gender. A total 364 students of grades 5, 7, and 9 from Moscow schools participated in the study. More than 50% of them scored in the IQ-test higher 125 and were nominated by their teachers as intellectually gifted. All participants were examined with the Tests of Cognitive Abilities and the Verbal Tests of Creative Thinking "Unusual Uses". According to the levels of general intelligence, the five subsamples of the students were formed in each grade as the independent variables. The independent variables were the grades and gender. The dependent variables were the originality scores. The results of correlation and regression analyses, as well a series of analyses of variance showed the influence of the level of intelligence on originality only in the grade 5, and the creativity-intelligence relationship in this case could partly be explained by the threshold theory. The intelligence also proved to be predictor to originality from 5 to 7 grades. Our data obtained did not detect any gender differences on the relationship between intelligence and originality in the secondary school students, in agreement to the current studies.
Curves and vector bundles on quartic threefolds

In this paper we study arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay (ACM for short) vector bundles E of rank k 3 on hypersurfaces Xr P4 of degree r 1. We consider here mainly the case of degree r = 4, which is the first unknown case in literature. Under some natural conditions for the bundle E we derive a list of possible Chern classes (c1, c2, c3) which may arise in the cases of rank k = 3 and k = 4, when r = 4 and we give several examples.
Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disorder

Aim: Respiratory muscle weakness is a component of pulmonary dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. Objective of the study was to investigate effect of inspiratory muscle strength training on Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) in people with Parkinson’s disease. Method: Ethical clearance was sought and all participants signed informed consent. Study group included twenty patients with mild to moderate Parkinson’s disease classified using modified Hoehn and Yahr scale 1-3. Control group included 20age matched healthy people. Both groups enrolled in Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training (IMST) program for one month. Study group continued to train for six months thereafter. Outcome of strength training was measured using MIP and MEP. Results: Study group demonstrated 17 % lower pre training MIP (MIP P 34.2±8.2, MIP h 41.70±7.6 cmH 2 O, p<0.005), and 22 % lower MEP (MEP p 42.5 ±9.6 and MEP h 54.1±10.2, p <0.001) compared to healthy controls. Post IMST, improvement in MIP and MEP was observed in both groups. However, study group attained lower respiratory pressures compared to healthy group. (Study Group MIP p 62.9±16.7 and MEP p - 69.1±14.8cm H 2 O , Control Group MIP h 79.5±14.2, and MEP h 90.0±16.3 ( p<0.001) . Study group required 6 months of training to achieve values of MIP and MEP similar to that achieved by control group who were trained for 1 month only. Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle strength training for 6 months resulted in improved MIP and MEP values in people with Parkinson’s disease. Rehabilitation program for patients with Parkinson’s disease should include IMST to improve respiratory muscle strength.
technol-Minor actinides impact on basic safety parameters of medium-sized sodium-cooled fast reactor

An analysis of the in ﬂ uence of addition of minor actinides (MA) to the fast reactor fuel on the most important safety characteristics was performed. A special emphasis was given to the total control rods worth in order to describe qualitatively and quantitatively its change with MA content. All computations were performed with a homogeneous assembly model of modi ﬁ ed BN-600 sodium-cooled fast reactor core with 0, 3 and 6% of MA. A model was prepared for the Monte Carlo neutron transport code MCNP5 for fresh fuel in the beginning-of--life (BOL) state. Additionally, some other parameters, such as Doppler constant, sodium void reactivity, delayed neutron fraction, neutron ﬂ uxes and neutron spectra distribution, were computed and their change with MA content was investigated. Study indicates that the total control rods worth (CRW) decreases with increasing MA inventory in the fuel and con ﬁ rms that the addition of MA has a negative effect on the delayed neutron fraction.
Authors’ responses to referee comments on Lilek and Zuend manuscript

Overall, the manuscript is well written and understandable by readers that do not necessarily know the specifics of the thermodynamic modelling of aerosols. The authors make substantial effort to explain and justify all the decisions they made in the development of their modelling approach. Comparison of results from the fitted model for ternary/quaternary inorganic mixtures and for mixed organic/inorganic systems provides indication that the model performs well on increasingly complex systems.
Determination of Terrain Proﬁle from TLS Data by Applying M split Estimation

: This paper presents an application of an M split estimation in the determination of terrain proﬁles from terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data. We consider the squared M split estimation as well as the absolute M split estimation. Both variants have never been used to determine terrain proﬁles from TLS data (the absolute M split estimation has never been applied in any TLS data processing). The proﬁles are computed by applying polynomials of a different degree, determining which coefﬁcients are estimated using the method in question. For comparison purposes, the proﬁles are also determined by applying a conventional least squares estimation. The analyses are based on simulated as well as real TLS data. The actual objects have been chosen to contain terrain details (or obstacles), which provide some measurements which are not referred to as terrain surface; here, they are regarded as outliers. The empirical tests prove that the proposed approach is efﬁcient and can provide good terrain proﬁles even if there are outliers in an observation set. The best results are obtained when the absolute M split estimation is applied. One can suggest that this method can be used in a vertical displacement analysis in mining damages or ground disasters.