Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International Standard Problems and Small Break Loss-of-Coolant Accident (SBLOCA)

Best-estimate thermal-hydraulic system codes are widely used to perform safety and licensing analyses of nuclear power plants and also used in the design of advance reactors. Evaluation of the capabilities and the performance of these codes can be accomplished by comparing the code predictions with measured experimental data obtained on different test facilities. OECD/NEA Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Installations (CSNI) has promoted, over the last twenty-nine years, some forty-eight international standard problems (ISPs). These ISPs were performed in different fields as in-vessel thermal-hydraulic behaviour, fuel behaviour under accident conditions, fission product release and transport, core/concrete interactions, hydrogen distribution and mixing, containment thermal-hydraulic behaviour. 80% of these ISPs were related to the working domain of principal working group no.2 on coolant system behaviour (PWG2) and were one of the major PWG2 activities for many years. A global review and synthesis on the contribution that ISPs have made to address nuclear reactor safety issues was initiated by CSNI-PWG2 and an overview on the subject of small break LOCA ISPs is given in this paper based on a report prepared by a writing group. In addition, the relevance of small break LOCA in a PWR with relation to nuclear reactor safety and the reorientation of the reactor safety program after TMI-2 accident are shortly summarized. The experiments in four integral test facilities, LOBI, SPES, BETHSY, ROSA IV/LSTF and the recorded data during a steam generator tube rupture transient in the DOEL-2 PWR (Belgium) were the basis of the five small break LOCA related ISP exercises, which deal with the phenomenon typical of small break LOCAs in Western design PWRs. Some lessons learned from these small break LOCA ISPs are identified in relation to code deficiencies and capabilities, progress in the code capabilities, possibility of scaling, and various additional aspects. ISPs are providing unique material and benefits for some safety-related issues.
Development and Validation of an All-Cause Mortality Risk Score in Type 2 Diabetes The Hong Kong Diabetes Registry

Methods: A prospective cohort of 7583 type 2 diabetic patients enrolled since 1995 were censored on July 30, 2005, or after 6 years of follow-up, whichever came first. A restricted cubic spline model was used to check data linearity and to develop linear-transforming formulas. Data were randomly assigned to a training data set and to a test data set. A Cox model was used to develop risk scores in the test data set. Calibration and discrimination were assessed in the test data set.
Estimating the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in Lima and Peru during March and April 2020 using ARIMA time series and modeling

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus which causes the COVID-19 disease is a large family of viruses that cause respiratory diseases and complications in human beings. Nowadays, the pandemic is studied by the rate of infection and mortality in different countries. Since there are discrepancies regarding the number of deaths due to the pandemic, our main goal is to estimate the number of deaths in Lima and Peru due to COVID-19. Methods: By using inference modeling techniques and statistical analysis in time series together with ARIMA-type predictions, it is possible to estimate the number of deaths caused by COVID-19. Our study took place in the city of Lima and Peru and our detailed analysis was carried out during March and April of 2020. Results: By comparing the death toll provided by the Ministry of Health (MINSA), we have obtained approximately a difference of 325.9% regarding the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in the city of Lima and a difference of 185.9% regarding the number of deaths in Peru. Conclusions: ARIMA time series modeling are a powerful statistical tool that predict and forecast data that are widely used in various fields of science, health, and economics. In this study, we have shown the discrepancy between the data reported by MINSA and the projection obtained in our ARIMA time series modeling. Therefore, we have a confidence level of 95% about the study that was carried out in March and April of 2020.
Unitary invariants on the unit ball of B(H)^n

In this paper, we introduce a unitary invariant $\Gamma$ defined on the unit ball of $B(H)^n$ in terms of the characteristic function, the noncommutative Poisson kernel, and the defect operator associated with a row contraction. We show that $\Gamma$ detects the pure row isometries and completely classify them up to a unitary equivalence. We also show that $\Gamma$ detects the pure row contractions with polynomial characteristic functions and completely non-coisometric row contractions. In particular, we show that any completely non-coisometric row contraction with constant characteristic function is homogeneous. Under a natural topology, we prove that the free holomorphic automorphism group of the unit ball of $B(H)^n$ is a metrizable, $\sigma$-compact, locally compact group, and provide a concrete unitary projective representation of it in terms of noncommutative Poisson kernels.
The Critical Educator as a Potential Mediator of Learning in Vulnerable Contexts

Education is conceived as a multifaceted, multidimensional and complex process of social transformation; nevertheless, schools operate within a passive environment that restricts the learning of young people from vulnerable contexts. This qualitative study explores the pedagogical strategies of four educators from one public institution in Valdivia who work with students who have been associated with episodes of law infraction. Analytical procedures rely on content analysis following the logic of grounded theory and In-depth Interviews. From a biographical perspective, the present study identifies the pedagogical strategies of these autonomous and optimistic educators to favor the construction of modifying active environments in this vulnerable context. It also seeks to generate new lines of research on critical pedagogy in vulnerable educational contexts, strengthening and enriching the competencies of educators from Mediated Learning Experiences.
Refining the origins of the gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6–5856

Context. Gamma-ray binaries are systems composed of a massive star and a compact object that exhibit emission from radio to very high energy gamma rays. They are ideal laboratories to study particle acceleration and a variety of physical processes that vary as a function of the orbital phase. Aims. We aim to study the radio emission of the gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6–5856 to constrain the emitting region and determine the peculiar motion of the system within the Galaxy to clarify its origin. Methods. We analyzed an observation of 1FGL J1018.6–5856 with the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA) at 8.4 GHz to obtain an accurate astrometry of the system and study its emission on milliarcsecond scales. We combined these data with the optical Gaia DR2 and UCAC4 catalogs to consolidate the astrometry information therein. Results. The gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6–5856 shows compact radio emission (< 3 mas or ≲20 au at ∼6.4 kpc distance), implying a brightness temperature of ≳5.6 × 106 K, and confirming its nonthermal origin. We report consistent results between the proper motion reported by Gaia DR2 and the positions obtained from the Gaia DR2, UCAC4, and LBA data (spanning 20 yr in total). We also determined the distance to 1FGL J1018.6–5856 to be 6.4−0.7+1.7. Together with the radial velocity of the source we computed its three-dimensional (3D) proper and peculiar motion within the Galaxy. We obtained a peculiar motion of 1FGL J1018.6–5856 on its regional standard of rest (RSR) frame of |u| = 45−9+30, with the system moving away from the Galactic plane. In the simplest scenario of a symmetric stellar core collapse we estimate a mass loss of 4 ≲ ΔM ≲ 9 M⊙ during the creation of the compact object. Conclusions. 1FGL J1018.6–5856 exhibits compact radio emission similar to that detected in other gamma-ray binaries. We provide the first accurate peculiar motion estimations of the system and place it within the Galaxy. The obtained motion and distance excludes the physical relation of the binary source with the supernova remnant (SNR) G284.3−1.8.
How Does Firm Strategy Affect the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Strategic Orientation and Firm Growth? A Preliminary Analysis on Small and Medium Size Hotels in Peninsular Malaysia

This paper presents a preliminary analysis on how firm strategy affects the relationship between entrepreneurial strategic orientation and firm growth within the context of small and medium size hotels in Peninsular Malaysia. The hypotheses were tested using 254 completed questionnaires from hotel representatives at managerial level. Regression analysis results showed that the hypothesis on positive effect of entrepreneurial orientation on growth of small and medium size hotels could not be accepted. On the other hand, the hypothesis on the moderating effect of firm strategy on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and growth of small and medium size hotels was confirmed. Based on the findings, several implications are proposed. Keywords: F irm Strategy, Entrepreneurial Orientation, Firm Growth, JEL Classifications: M10, M14
Hematological Profile of Newly Diagnosed Patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis from a Non-Endemic Hilly Region of India

Aim: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) may lead to variable haematological responses like cytopenias, hemophagocytosis, dyserythropoiesis and increase in plasma cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hematological manifestation of VL and associated changes that may be observed in bone marrow aspirate smears. Materials and methods: A 12-year hospital based cross section observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Pathology in two tertiary care centres of Himachal Pradesh, located in the Northern India. In all 18 patients who were diagnosed as visceral leishmaniasis on the basis of demonstration of amastigotes, Leishman Donovan (LD) bodies in bone marrow aspiration smears were included in the study. Detail clinical history, examination and investigation were carried in each case as per protocol. Results: Anemia was present in all the cases. Pancytopenia was observed in 61.1% of cases. Normocytic normochromic and dimorphic picture was the most common finding on peripheral smear. Bone marrow was normocellular in 83.3% of cases. Erythropoiesis was normoblastic in 33.3% of patients. Increased plasma cells, lymphocytes and histiocytes were seen in 50%, 33.3% and 22.2% of cases respectively. Conclusion: In non-endemic region where clinical suspicion is low, bone marrow findings can be a strong indicator for VL and pathologist should look for LD bodies in the bone marrow to prevent the unnecessary delay in diagnosis.
Laryngeal articulations of /x/ in Southern Polish

The present paper offers a summary of the results of two earlier experiments (Nawrocki and Gonet 2004; Nawrocki 2004), in which acoustic properties of the voiceless velar fricative phoneme /x/ in Southern Polish were investigated. As is found in both studies (Nawrocki and Gonet 2004; Nawrocki 2004), speakers of both genders favour glottal articulation, with partial or full voicing. Word final contexts are decisively in favour of [x]. The word initial, prevocalic positions seem to allow quite a number of allophonic variants of /x/ . These are: [x], [], [] and, additionally, the voiceless glottal, the pharyngeal or the epiglottal [h]/[]/[]. Another factor taken into account is the coarticulation effect of the vocalic context on the choice of articulation. Based on the results of the experiments, a reformulated allophonic composition is proposed for Polish /x/. It makes room for previously unconsidered pharyngeal and glottal allophones. In order to inspect the acoustic properties of the allophones of Polish /x/ further, their static and dynamic spectral features are compared to those of phonetically similar sounds in other languages where they have the status of independent phonemes. Special attention is paid to the distribution of spectral peaks and their intensity. The fact that in Polish there are no ‘back’ fricative phonemes that would contrast with /x/ creates a wide range of acceptable allophonic articulations that cannot be challenged from either articulatory or perceptual points of view.
Effect of Innovation on Competitive Advantage of Manufacturing Firms in Rwanda: A Case of Africa’s Improved Food

Competitive advantages are conditions that allow a company or country to produce a good or service of equal value at a lower price or in a more desirable fashion. The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of competitive advantage for manufacturing firms in Rwanda. In this study; a descriptive research was adopted. The target population for this study was 64 senior staff; the researcher adopted a census since the population was quite small in numbers. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed to assess the determinants of competitive advantage for manufacturing firms in Rwanda. Statistical Package for Social Scientists was used to execute multiple linear regressions. According to the results of correlation between innovations and competitive advantage of Africa Improved Foods is at the level of 0.789 meaning that the practice of making innovations which is measured in terms of developing new products to new markets, developing new products to existing markets, spending money in Research and Development and developing new capabilities to compete at the market influence the Return on investment, Market Share and Profitability of Africa Improved Food at the level of 78.9%. Therefore, the study concluded a strong relationship between innovations and competitive advantage of Africa Improved Foods. By considering the level of significance which is 0.05, there is a significant relationship innovations and competitive advantage of Africa Improved Foods as their p-value (0.007) is statistically significant at 5% level of significance. The study makes the following recommendations. Manufacturing firms in Rwanda; especially Africa Improved Foods Ltd should take the innovative spirit to the high level by increase the efforts in new products development, markets development and increase the more money in Research and Development so as to outperform its competitors.
Fabrication and evaluation of polycaprolactone/gelatin-based electrospun nanofibers with antibacterial properties

Nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated through blending of a synthetic polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL), and a natural polymer, gelatin (GE), using an electrospinning technique. Processing and solution parameters were optimized to determine the suitable properties of PCL/GE-based nanofibers. Several characterizations were conducted to determine surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wettability using water contact angle measurement, and chemical bonding analysis using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) of PCL/GE-based nanofibers. Experimental results showed that 14% (w/v) PCL/GE with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/h and 18 kV demonstrated suitable properties. This nanofiber was then further investigated for its in vitro degradation, drug loading (using a model drug, tetracycline hydrochloride), and antibacterial testing (using zone inhibition method).
Discriminatory Social Attitudes and Varying Gender Pay Gaps within Firms

This study analyzes the relationship between discriminatory social attitudes toward gender equality and firms’ pay-setting behavior by combining information about regional votes on constitutional amendments on equal rights for women and men with a large data set of multi-establishment firms and workers. The results show a strong relationship between discriminatory social attitudes toward gender equality and gender pay gaps within firms across regions. The results remain robust, even when the authors account for detailed worker and job characteristics and for regional sorting of firms. Overall, the results suggest that gender pay gaps are larger in regions where more people oppose gender equality rights. In other words, in the same firm women earn lower wages than their male coworkers in regions where more people have discriminatory social attitudes toward gender equality.
Comparison of the Fully-Differential and Single-Ended Solutions of the Frequency Filter with Current Followers and Adjustable Current Amplifier

Two solutions of universal and adjustable currentmode filters are presented in this contribution. The first of them is able to process single-ended (S-E) signals in communications and the other can operate fully-differentially (F-D) and therefore is well applicable for balanced transmission lines. Both circuits have adjustable quality factor and both are analyzed in this contribution. Their simulation results are compared to each other. Main contribution of this paper is the presentation of two novel solutions and their mutual comparison. Keywords-adjustable amplifier; DACA; fully-differential.
Evaluation of the combined antibiotics exposure using the simulator of human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME)

Background: Antibiotics are emerging toxic contaminant that have potential public health risk worldwide, which also would cause human intestinal microbial disorder and develop multiple human diseases. However, to date, the combination effects of antibiotics on human intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and related health risk are not fully understood. Moreover, there is limited information on using probiotics or synbiotics for restoration of intestinal microbiome affected by antibiotics. Therefore, this study evaluated the in vitro ability of combined effects of amoxicillin (Amx) and gentamycin (Gen), and the restoration effects of probiotics or synbiotics on ARGs as well as human disease-related pathways in the simulated human gut.Results: This study indicated that the combination exposure of Amx and Gen was confirmed to promote the increase of most ARGs and the disease-related pathways, which may be better restored by probiotics treatment. The results of the alpha diversity of the combined antibiotics exposure or the recovery microbial community showed no difference from the control. However, the beta diversity results indicated their differences, and the ascending colon sample recovered better under natural condition while the descending colon sample recovered better after probiotics treatment. Combination effects on the genetic level might attribute to microbiota shift, which were explained well by the phenomenon that Escherichia/Shigella was positively associated with the ARGs, and Klebsiella and Escherichia/Shigella were positively related to the human disease-related pathways.Conclusion: These results might be valuable to direct the future work and opened up new perspectives to address the direct effects of combine antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota and find a promising strategy to restore the antibiotics associated dysbiosis of gut microbiota.
COVID-19 y su asociación con síntomas depresivos en población española

Introduction: Health emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic has generated a global commotion, leading to a series of problems related to health, psychosocial factors and economic situation . Objective: To evaluate the effect of confinement on depressive mood in Spanish residents who are over 18 years old during the state of emergency which was declared due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, this paper aims to analyze the possible impact of some variables such as sex, age, size of dwelling and income . Materials and Methods : Cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational design with quantitative methodology. Access to the sample was based on a non-probabilistic sampling through snowball technique. CES-D scale was used to evaluate the state of depressive mood. In order to collect data related to sex, age, size of dwelling and economic situation, ad hoc questions were included in the survey. Results: Women presented higher values of depressive mood than men. Furthermore, depressive mood values are higher in younger individuals. People who live in smaller dwellings showed higher values of depressive mood compared to those who live in larger dwellings. Similarly, individuals with less favorable economic conditions perceive higher levels of depressive mood. Conclusions: The results show that depressive mood symptoms and their psychosocial consequences in the Spanish population during confinement are conditioned by sex, age, dwelling size and economic situation.
Effect of sodic water, biofertilizer and phosphorus on physical properties of soil, yield attributes and yield of mungbean

A pot experiment was conducted to asses the effect of phosphorus management and biofertilizer in mungbean irrigated with sodic water during 2013. Three levels each of sodic water (control, 3.0 and 6.0 mmol/L), biofertilizer (control, PSB and PSB + VAM) and phosphorus (control, 15 and 30 mg/ kg of soil), were tested in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The results indicated that application of irrigation water having RSC 1.0 mmol/L, biofertilizer viz. PSB + VAM and phosphorus 30 mg/kg of soil recorded the maximum and significantly higher total and available phosphorus, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, alkaline phosphate activity, total and effective nodules, nodule index, number of pods per plant, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield of mungbean over rest of the treatments. A application of irrigation water having RSC 6.0 mmol/L recorded significantly higher pH, EC and ESP as compared to other treatments. However, pH, EC and ESP did not show any significantly difference under different levels of phosphorus and biofertilizers.
Classifying galaxy spectra at 0.5 < z < 1 with self-organizing maps

The spectrum of a galaxy contains information about its physical properties. Classifying spectra using templates helps elucidate the nature of a galaxy's energy sources. In this paper, we investigate the use of self-organizing maps in classifying galaxy spectra against templates. We trained semi-supervised self-organizing map networks using a set of templates covering the wavelength range from far ultraviolet to near infrared. The trained networks were used to classify the spectra of a sample of 142 galaxies with 0.5 < z < 1 and the results compared to classifications performed using K-means clustering, a supervised neural network, and chi-squared minimization. Spectra corresponding to quiescent galaxies were more likely to be classified similarly by all methods while starburst spectra showed more variability. Compared to classification using chi-squared minimization or the supervised neural network, the galaxies classed together by the self-organizing map had more similar spectra. The class ordering provided by the one-dimensional self-organizing maps corresponds to an ordering in physical properties, a potentially important feature for the exploration of large datasets.