Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Maternal Smoking Make a Difference in Newborn Hearing Screening with Otoacoustic Emissions?

Neonatal hearing screening by means of transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) is widely accepted. Some studies have related how maternal smoking can be harmful for the newborn’s cochlear function. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal smoking and TEOAE newborn hearing screening results. Data were retrospectively collected from healthy vaginally delivered newborns of gestational age > 37 weeks and body weight > 2.5 Kg, at the Francesc de Borja Hospital maternity ward in Gandia (Spain). Maternal smoking history was compared with the pass rate to TEOAE performed within the first 48 hrs. of life. Results: the study group included 12,871 newborns. In this group, no significant relation between maternal smoking and TEOAE pass rates was observed (p<0.853). As there were significant differences in pass rate based on gender (female better than males, p<0.0001) and feeding of newborn (breastfeeding better than formula, p<0.0001) we analyzed these subgroups separately and also found no differences related to smoking history. Conclusion: The effect of maternal smoking in newborn hearing screening with TEOAE is not significant. Further studies are needed.
Feasibility of assessing the awareness of cardiovascular risk through Health Passport approach: A pilot study

Background: The risk of cardiovascular disorders is high among the Indian population; however, the awareness about it seems to be a concern. Aim: It was intended to study the feasibility of assessing the awareness of cardiovascular risk at a community level and providing the related information about remedial measures through a Health Passport approach. Methods: Consecutive 38 individuals attending health camp were assessed for specific personal and family history of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease. Current risk factors such as exercise, smoking, drug use, stress, and depression were ascertained, and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure were measured to assess the cardiovascular risk based on Framingham criteria. The individualized information along with some key health facts were provided to the participants in a document termed as Health Passport for their reference. Results: There was a general lack of awareness regarding the cardiovascular risk factors in the studied sample. Most participants were above the threshold for blood pressure (65.8%), BMI (71.1%), and WC (73.7%) requiring specific action and more than half (57.9%) had higher cardiovascular risk. The assessment completed in a community set up with basic facilities could provide information regarding the existing risks prompting health actions. The participants considered the Health Passport as a comprehensive initial step toward improving their awareness. Conclusion: It was feasible to assess the awareness about cardiovascular risk and provide individualized health-related information through the Health Passport approach which appears adaptable in health care setups and may improve the awareness.
Em-‘powering’ niche innovations: learning from cycling inequalities

ABSTRACT This paper aims to situate power in ‘niche innovations’ through an investigation of cycling inequalities in the city of Birmingham. Much research has focused on the sustainability and innovation potential of cycling. However, debates usually revolve around the power relations between cycling and the dominant automobility regime, thus ignoring the possible inequalities embedded within niches. This paper aims to contribute to such analyses by unfolding the multiple inequalities and relations of exclusion that can be embedded in the practice of cycling. Drawing on Mobilities research for the EPSRC Liveable Cities programme, it focuses on the car-dependent city of Birmingham, in order to explore cycling as a practice with various socio-material, infrastructural, political and economic entanglements that can embed, reproduce or generate new socio-spatial inequalities, processes of gentrification and immobilities. Through such analysis, this paper aims to situate power in examining niche innovations (see also). However, it also aims to underline that understanding and addressing such inequalities are central for not only locating cycling in the centre of developing a more sustainable mobility future, but also enabling a more sustainable future for cycling itself.
Investigations on the etiology, epidemiology and integrated management of rhizome rot complex of ginger and turmeric

The major constraint for cultivation of ginger and turmeric is the rhizome rot disease. The rhizome rot incidence of ginger was noticed in all the locations surveyed with the range from 5.50 to 45.60 per cent. The major diseases diagnosed were viz., soft rot caused by Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp, wet rot caused by Fusarium solani (Martius) Saccardo, bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi, Sclerotium rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Saccardo and root knot caused by Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood. The individual pathogen can cause rhizome rot or combination of pathogens also can cause rhizome rot. Pythium aphanidermatum was isolated from all the locations collected and found to be most predominant pathogen. Ralstonia solanacearum was detected only from the southern districts of Karnataka i.e., Kodagu, Chikmagalur, Hassan, Mysore, and Sagar. The incidence of rhizome rot of turmeric was meager as compared to ginger. The inoculum level studies revealed that, increase in per cent inoculum level increased the per cent disease incidence. In sequential inoculation studies, in case of both the crops i.e., ginger and turmeric, when first inoculated with Meloidogyne arenaria followed by other pathogens showed maximum disease incidence as compared to individual inoculations. The results of isozyme analysis of three i.e., peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase studied for variability indicated that, there was slight amount of variation. RAPD data distinguished the twelve isolates into two major clusters A and B. The results revealed that, geographical locations of isolates were closely related. Maran and Vardha ginger varieties were considered as moderately resistant. CO-1 variety was considered as moderately resistant. Sowing in March significantly showed less disease incidence at both the locations of Sirsi and Bidar, which recorded 8.25 and 9.00 per cent respectively. The field experiment conducted at farmer field revealed that, there was significant increase in the per cent germination of rhizomes in solarized plot when compared to non solarized plot. Among the different treatments, rhizomes treated with Metalaxyl MZ @ 0.3 per cent+Soil application of T. harzianum @ 10 kg along with 25 t FYM/ha+Soil application of Eupatorium @ 10 t/ha recorded the highest per cent germination, lesser disease incidence, higher yield of 11720.20 kg/ha and more benefit cost ratio.
Frequency of Dental Caries and Level of Risk among Type II Diabetics

Objective: To identify the dental caries status and evaluate its risk among patients with type II diabetes mellitus (Type II DM). Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out among 100 patients with type II DM, selected through consecutive sampling technique from Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre Department of Endocrinology, Karachi. The data was collected from 30-70 years old type II DM patients during the month of September 2013. After taking the consent, the dental caries status was recorded by using Decayed, Missed, Filled, Teeth (DMFT) index and the level of caries risk by Caries Assessment Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) form. Oral examination was performed by a single trained examiner under daytime light using dental mirror and ball ended probe on mobile dental units. Results: The mean DMFT score was found to be 4.9 (DT=2, MT=2, and FT= 0.09). The subjects at low risk were 11% whereas, 89% were at high level of risk for dental caries development. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.13 years and patients taking insulin were 28.3%, whereas, 54.7% were taking hypoglycemic tablets and 17% were taking both. Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study, the results indicated that patients with type II DM have high rate of dental caries and at high risk of caries development.
Effect of acetabular cup orientation and femoral stem placement on the functional outcome in uncemented total hip arthroplasty

Background: A total joint arthroplasty refers to non-biologic replacement of articulating surfaces of a joint. The positioning of the acetabular component is a crucial step of the surgical technique. The position of the acetabular component in the medial-lateral direction influences offset leading to changes in the moment-lever arm of the abductor musculature. The anteversion of the acetabular cup in the sagittal plane and the inclination angle (also known as abduction angle) in the coronal plane are both important determinants of acetabular position. Aim: The present study was conducted to see the effect of acetabular cup orientation and femoral stem placement on the functional outcome in cementless hip replacement arthroplasty exclusively. Methodology: The present open-ended retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP on patients operated by uncemented total hip arthroplasty from 1st January 2012 to 30th April 2015. The following protocol was followed for every patient:  Demographic data and clinical examination of enrolled patients was noted.  Functional outcome assessment by calculating the Harris Hip Score  Radiological Evaluation by a standard x-ray of pelvis with both hip-AP (including whole implant) Statistical tools: Final data was analyzed by SPSS v. 16. Normality of the data described by mean and SD. For comparing variables with normal distribution, paired t-test, independent t-test, and ANOVAs test were used. Qualitative variables were expressed with frequency and percent. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In our study we found that the mean Harris hip score increased from 42.5 points (range 18–69) preoperatively to 94.3 points(range, 82–100) at mean follow up of 2 years (p value-<0.001). Our study showed excellent functional outcome in 31 hips (81.5%) while 7 hips (18.5%) had good functional outcome. Conclusion: In our study we did not find any effect of femoral stem placement on the functional outcome. Whether the stem is implanted in varus, valgus or neutral alignment, no significant difference was seen in their mean Harris Hip Scores.
Succinate can shuttle reducing power from the hypoxic retina to the O2-rich pigment epithelium

When O2 is plentiful, the mitochondrial electron transport chain uses it as a terminal electron acceptor. However, the mammalian retina thrives within a hypoxic niche in the eye. We find that mitochondria in retinas adapt to their hypoxic environment by relying on the “reverse” succinate dehydrogenase reaction, where fumarate accepts electrons instead of O2. Reverse succinate dehydrogenase activity produces succinate and is enhanced by down-regulation of cytochrome oxidase subunits. Retinas can export the succinate to the neighboring retinal pigment epithelium/choroid complex. There, succinate stimulates O2 consumption several fold and enhances synthesis and release of malate. Malate released from the pigment epithelium can be imported into the retina, where it is converted to fumarate and again used to accept electrons in the reverse succinate dehydrogenase reaction. Our findings show how a malate/succinate shuttle can sustain these two tissues by transferring reducing power from an O2-poor tissue (retina) to an O2-rich one (retinal pigment epithelium/choroid).
Satellite observations of snowfall regimes over the Greenland Ice Sheet

Abstract. The mass of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is decreasing due to increasing surface melt and ice dynamics. Snowfall both adds mass to the GrIS and has the capacity to reduce surface melt by increasing surface brightness, reflecting additional solar radiation back to space. Modeling the GrIS’s current and future mass balance and potential contribution to future sea level rise requires reliable observational benchmarks for current snowfall accumulation as well as robust connections between individual snowfall events and the large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns that produce them. Previous work using ground-based observations showed that, for one research station on the GrIS, two distinct snowfall regimes exist: those associated with exclusively ice-phase cloud processes (IC) and those involving mixed-phase processes indicated by the presence of supercooled liquid water (CLW). The two regimes have markedly different accumulation characteristics and dynamical drivers. This study leverages the synergy between two satellite instruments, CloudSat's Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and CALIPSO's Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), to identify snowfall cases over the full GrIS and partition them into the IC and CLW regimes. We find that, overall, most CPR observations of snowfall over the GrIS come from IC events (70 %); however, during the summer months, close to half of the snow observed is produced in CLW events (45 %). IC snowfall plays a dominant role in adding mass to the GrIS, producing ∼ 80 % of the total estimated 399 Gt yr−1 accumulation. Beyond the cloud phase that defines the snowfall regimes, the macrophysical cloud characteristics are distinct as well; the mean IC geometric cloud depth (∼ 4 km) is deeper than the CLW geometric cloud depth (∼ 2 km), consistent with previous studies based on surface observations. Two-dimensional histograms of the vertical distribution of CPR reflectivities show that IC events demonstrate consistently increasing reflectivity toward the surface while CLW events do not. Analysis of ERA5 reanalyses shows that IC events are associated with cyclone activity and CLW events generally occur under large-scale anomalously high geopotential heights over the GrIS. When combined with future climate predictions, this snapshot of GrIS snowfall characteristics may shed light on how this source of ice sheet mass might respond to changing synoptic patterns in a warming climate.
Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences as Marker of the Parasympathetic System and Difference in the Outcome after ANS Stimulation

The autonomic nervous system has a huge impact on the cardiac regulatory mechanism, and many markers exist for evaluating it. In this chapter we are going to focus on the RMSSD (Root mean square of successive differences), considered the most precise marker for the parasympathetic effector on the heart. Before is necessary to learn what the Heart Rate Variability is and how it works, which type of range of HRV exists and how we can measure it. Finally, there will be a presenta-tion of how the RMSSD can be used in different field, and how and why the outcome can change and what does it mean.
Very Poor Survival of Patients with AML Who Relapse after Achieving a First Complete Remission: The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Experience.

The optimal post-remission therapy for patients in first complete remission (CR1) continues to be debated. Some centers choose to omit more intensive regimens, such as autologous or allogeneic transplantation, preferring to reserve these for treatment after relapse. Such strategies are mostly based on reports of treatment in second CR, but fail to account for the fact that most relapsed patients do not get into a second CR. The purpose of this retrospective study is to analyze the overall survival (OS) rate of AML patients from the date of first relapse. The data are based on the outcome of 2441 patients entered on 8 consecutive ECOG studies for newly diagnosed AML between 1983 and 1997. The studies included are E3483, PC486, E3993, E4995, E1490, E3997 and the two Intergroup studies E3489 and E2491 (INT0129). The data are arbitrarily divided among patients older or younger than 55 years, as this was the age used in most studies to distinguish between younger and older patients. Of 1699 patients ≤55 years, 1150 (68%) achieved CR1 and 402 (35%) relapsed. The median OS of these patients from first relapse was 6.4 months with a 5-year OS of 11%. If APL patients are excluded and the data are analyzed only by studies for young AML patients (less than age 55 or 60), the median OS from first relapse is 6.2 months with a 5-year OS of only 9%. In the US Intergroup Study (E3489) for patients ≤ 55 years, the median OS from first relapse after an allogeneic transplant, an autologous transplant or consolidation chemotherapy was 6.6, 5.2 and 8 months, respectively with a 5-year OS of 18%, 0% and 0%, respectively. The latter data, however, require cautious interpretation as the numbers in these subgroups are small. These data indicate that patients who relapse after standard initial AML therapy have a dismal OS from the time of relapse. Some die at relapse and only a minority achieve a second CR. Those refractory to reinduction therapy uniformly have a very poor prognosis. These data thus suggest that in planning post-remission therapies approaches most likely to lead to a prolonged leukemia-free survival should be offered rather than reserving such strategies following relapse. Survival from relapse.
Role of Farm Women in Rice Cultivation and their Training Needs

An investigation was carried out in Deoria district of Uttar Pradesh during 2014–15. To assess the role of farm women in rice farming and their training needs. Out of Sixteen blocks three blocks namely Salempur, Bhatpar Rani and Bhatni were selected purposively for this study. From each block three villages were selected, so total nine villages were selected. Fifteen farm women from each adopted villages belonging to both the categories were selected randomly for the study. A total of 135 numbers of samples were taken for the study purpose. The role of farm women in various activities of rice cultivation was collected with the help of a pre structured interview schedule. It was concluded that all farm women participated in storage and preservation, while no one participated in land preparation. Though, the role of farm women in insect, pest and disease management was found very poor, yet, their perception for need of training on the subject secured the second highest rank i.e., behind the variety selection. Majority of farm women avail information from the co-farmers and need of the training was found immaterial for most of the farm women was detected as the major constraints in dissemination of knowledge through training.
Soft Sensors for Instrument Fault Accommodation in Semiactive Motorcycle Suspension Systems

This article describes the development and experimental verification of an instrument fault accommodation (IFA) scheme for front and rear suspension stroke sensors in motorcycles equipped with electronically controlled semiactive suspension systems. In particular, the IFA scheme is based on the use of nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (NARX) neural networks (NNs) employed as soft sensors for feeding the suspension control strategy back with measurement even in the presence of faults occurred on the sensors. Different NN architectures have been trained and tuned by considering real data acquired during several measurement campaigns. The performance has been compared with that of the well-known half-car model (HCM). Very satisfying results allow the soft sensor to be really integrated into fault-tolerant control systems. In experimental road tests, an implementation of the proposed IFA scheme on a low-cost microcontroller for automotive applications showed to be in real time. In this article, these experimental results are shown to prove the good performance of the IFA scheme in different motorcycle operating conditions.
Managing the media coverage: evidence from managers’ stock selling

ABSTRACT This paper investigates whether the insiders strategically manage the disclosure and timing of media coverage to maximize their trading profits. Using a sample of Chinese A-listed firms during the period of 2008–2017, we find that when top managers intend to sell their shares, they would increase the media coverage in the early stage to pull up the stock price based on the self-interest motivation. That’s to say, the media attention on the focused firms represents a significant increase during the selling period and decreases largely after the selling is completed. In addition, the association is mitigated in SOEs and firms belonging to more competitive industries. We also find that there are significant positive cumulative abnormal returns during the selling period while negative ones after the event. Our findings suggest that managers could intentionally manage the media during important corporate events for their own benefits at the cost of minority shareholders.
Development of Moodle E-Learning Media in Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era

— This study aims to produce moodle e-learning media that is feasible to use as a medium for learning the physics of geometric optical matter. The main problem is in the current era of industrial revolution 4.0, teachers as the front guard in the world of education are able to improve competence in facing the era of industrial revolution 4.0. One of the demands is that the teacher must be able to develop learning media according to the industrial revolution 4.0 as developed in this research, namely moodlee-learning media. This type of research is Research and Development and the development model used is the model of the development of 4-D. The instruments used in this study include learning device instruments and data collection instruments. The results of the study are that it has moodle e-learning media that is suitable for use as a medium for learning the physics of geometric optical matter.
Impact of mobile health in diabetic retinopathy awareness and eye care behavior among Indigenous women.

Background Diabetes is increasingly widespread among Indigenous people, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a diabetes eye complication and a common cause of vision loss among adults in Canada. Indigenous women have a high risk of diabetes which increases their risk for DR. This study explored utilizing mobile health (mHealth) via text messages to provide DR awareness and improve diabetic-eye care behavior. This study identified the changes in DR awareness and eye care behavior due to a mHealth education intervention among Indigenous women with or at risk of diabetes. Methods A pre-post study which adopted an embedded concurrent mixed methods approach guided by self-determination theory and the medicine wheel. Study participants were First Nations and Métis women living with or at risk of diabetes in Saskatoon, Canada. Data was collected via sharing circles and a DR knowledge, attitude, and practice survey. Pre-intervention participants' baseline information on DR knowledge and behavior were obtained from participants. After that, participants received daily text messages on diabetes-eye related information for 12 weeks. Post-intervention, the impact of the mHealth intervention on DR awareness and eye care behavior was assessed. Results Following the intervention, the DR knowledge, attitude, and practice scores significantly improved. Individuals living with diabetes had increased DR attitude and practice post-scores compared to those at risk of diabetes. Older women had a lower pre-post change in practice scores compared to younger women. The mHealth intervention provided a holistic approach to support diabetes-eye care and empowered the study participants to eat healthily, take medication as prescribed, and have regular medical and eye check-ups. Conclusions The mHealth education intervention increased DR awareness and fostered a change in diabetes-eye care behavior. Health information via text messaging can motivate, provide support, and empower individuals as well as prevent and manage chronic conditions and reduce the risk of complications.