Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Keys in Psychophysical Estimation of Chemosensory Perception in University Students

Psychophysical methods allow us to measure the relationship between stimuli and sensory perception. Of these, Detection Threshold (DT) allows us to know the minimum concentration to produce taste identification. Given this, we wonder whether, for example, wine tasting experts are more capable of perceiving their sensory properties than other people, or whether they can distinguish them because they are better able to “describe” them. To verify this, this study analyses the influence of having prior knowledge of the name astringency and, failing that, to detect it and distinguish it between the four basic tastes. One-hundred-and-sixty-two university students with an average age of 19.43 (SD = 2.55) years were assigned to three experimental conditions: an experimental group (G.2) without previous knowledge of the name astringency and with alimentary satiety, and two control groups, both with previous knowledge of the name, these being G.1, with satiety, and G.3, with hunger. DT was collected for the four basic tastes and astringencies. Results showed significant differences in the identification of astringency, being the least identified experimental group with respect to the control groups. It is striking that G.2, without prior knowledge of the name, identified astringency as a bitter taste in most cases. This supports our hypothesis of the importance of attending to linguistic cognitive processes when psychophysically estimating taste in humans.
What are the Environmental Determinants to Participate Among Stroke Survivors in Africa? a Scoping Review

Background Stroke is the main cause of serious long-term disability worldwide, and it is the second commonest cause of death and a leading cause of adult disability. Two-thirds of stroke cases occur in low- and middle-income countries, which all African countries fall. In Africa, the incidence and survival rate of stroke is increasing. Various personal and environmental factors limit the participation of stroke survivors. As a result, in this review, we aimed to review the environmental factors that are influencing the participation of stroke survivors in Africa. Methods Five electronic databases were systematically searched in August 2021 and identified articles were screened by three authors based on predetermined criteria. We followed Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework and the whole finding is reported using PRISMA-ScR. No date restrictions were imposed, and we included any type of papers including grey literature. Results 584 articles were generated by our search, after removing duplicates, the title and abstract of 497 articles were screened. From the screening, 42 articles were selected for full article review from which 12 met the criteria to be included. We also manually searched and included one more article for the review. Conclusion Studies were mainly conducted in South Africa and assessed the adult population. We followed the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework for the environmental determinants to present our findings. Products and Technology; Natural Environment and Human-Made Changes to Environment; and Services, Systems and Policies found to be a barrier for participation. Conversely, stroke survivors are getting good support from their immediate family and health professionals, which is found to be facilitating. This review could be used by policymakers to understand the environmental barriers that are hindering participation and help to improve the accessibility of the environment so stroke survivors can participate in the community.
A fully elastic model for studying submerged circular cylindrical shells subjected to a weak shock wave

The transient dynamics of evacuated and fluid-filled circular elastic shells, submerged in an infinite fluid medium and subjected to an external weak shock wave, is considered in this paper. This circular shell/acoustic medium interaction problem has already been tackled with simplified thin shell models, based on the Love-Kirchhoff hypotheses for the structural dynamics. In this case, the resulting radiated pressure field displays some discrepancies related to the A 0 /S 0 waves when compared to the experimental data available in the literature for the evacuated case. These drawbacks are overcome here by the use of an isotropic elastic model for the structural dynamics and an inviscid acoustic flow for the fluid dynamics, in a two-dimensional framework. The approach is based on the methods of Laplace transform in time, Fourier series expansions and separation of variables in space. For the fluid-filled case, the transient thick shell-weak shock wave interaction problem is explored and the radiated acoustic field described.
Mapping Resistance to Argentinean Fusarium (Graminearum) Head Blight Isolates in Wheat

Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat, caused by Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe), is a destructive disease worldwide, reducing wheat yield and quality. To accelerate the improvement of scab tolerance in wheat, we assessed the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative mapping population (ITMI/MP) for Type I and II resistance against a wide population of Argentinean isolates of F. graminearum. We discovered a total of 27 additive QTLs on ten different (2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 4B, 4D, 5A, 5B, 5D and 6D) wheat chromosomes for Type I and Type II resistances explaining a maximum of 15.99% variation. Another four and two QTLs for thousand kernel weight in control and for Type II resistance, respectively, involved five different chromosomes (1B, 2D, 6A, 6D and 7D). Furthermore, three, three and five QTLs for kernel weight per spike in control, for Type I resistance and for Type II resistance, correspondingly, involved ten chromosomes (2A, 2D, 3B, 4A, 5A, 5B, 6B, 7A, 7B, 7D). We were also able to detect five and two epistasis pairs of QTLs for Type I and Type II resistance, respectively, in addition to additive QTLs that evidenced that FHB resistance in wheat is controlled by a complex network of additive and epistasis QTLs.
High-frequency electromagnetic field coupling to long terminated lines

We present a theory for the EMC problem of electromagnetic field coupling to a long line with arbitrary terminations. The theory is applicable for the high-frequency plane wave electromagnetic field excitations, when the transmission line approximation is no longer valid. Analytical expressions are derived for the induced current along the line, and at the two-line terminals. The coefficients of these expressions are determined using a procedure based on the exact solutions of the integral equation for two similar line configurations, but having a significantly shorter length. The method is, therefore, particularly efficient when considering the electromagnetic field coupling to very long lines. The advantage of the proposed approach is that, in contrast with transmission line approximation, it takes into account high-frequency radiation effects. Furthermore, it allows a considerable reduction in computation time and storage requirements with respect to conventional numerical solutions based on the thin-wire approximation.
A New Method for Visualizing Drusen and Their Progression in Flood-Illumination Adaptive Optics Ophthalmoscopy

Purpose Drusen are dynamic sub-RPE deposits that are risk factors for late-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Here we show a new imaging method using flood-illumination adaptive optics (FIAO) that reveal drusen with high contrast and resolution. Methods A fovea-centered 4° × 4° FIAO image and eight surrounding images with gaze displaced by ±2° vertically and horizontally were acquired. Clinical color fundus and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography were acquired for clinical grading and comparison. Custom software registered overlapping FIAO images and fused the data statistically to generate a fovea-centered 4° × 4° gaze-dependent image. Our dataset included 15 controls (aged 31–72) and 182 eyes from 104 AMD patients (aged 56–92), graded as either normal aging (n = 7), and early (n = 12), intermediate (n = 108) and late AMD (n = 42); 27 had subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs), and 83 were imaged longitudinally. Results No gaze varying structures were detected in young eyes. In aging eyes with no evidence of age-related changes, putative drusen <20 µm in diameter were visible. Gaze-dependent images revealed more drusen and many smaller drusen than visible in color fundus images. Longitudinal images showed expansion and fusion of drusen. SDDs were lower contrast, and RPE atrophy did not yield a consistent signal. Conclusions Gaze-dependent imaging in a commercially available FIAO fundus camera combined with image registration and postprocessing permits visualization of drusen and their progression with high contrast and resolution. Translational Relevance This new technique offers promise as a robust and sensitive method to detect, map, quantify, and monitor the dynamics of drusen in aging and AMD.
Analysis on the Characteristics and Barriers of Organization Internal Communication during the Transitional Period

Based on the analysis of enterprise transformations connotation, characteristics and the characteristics of the enterprise internal communication during the transitional period, this paper orderly analyzes the subject and object, the content and barriers according to three stages that must pass: awakening and thawing period, reshaping and internalizing period and integrating and freezing period, hopingly to provide managers with advice for the smooth transformation.
Issues of quality on Teachers Pay Teachers: an exploration of best-selling U.S. history resources

Abstract Online educational marketplaces have seen remarkable growth, but have had little empirical investigation of the quality of materials, particularly in social studies. This exploratory study examined characteristics and quality of secondary U.S. history resources on TeachersPayTeachers.com. Findings show that activities were esthetically well-designed, but 70% were of moderate or low overall quality according to our rubric that assessed areas such as higher order thinking, connections to student experiences, and representations of multiple perspectives. Thirty percent of the activities were found to be potentially harmful to students. We discuss implications for teachers and online marketplace accountability.
Frictionally excited thermoelastic instabilities of multi-disc clutches

Abstract On the basis of Kirchhofs plate theory, a mechanical model is proposed to describe the frictionally excited thermoelastic instabilities of a stack of sliding annular plates. The thermoelastic feedback of the frictional contacts is characterised by thermal curvatures proportional to the contact pressures. As an example, the critical operation states of a multi-disc clutch of an arbitrary odd number of discs are investigated.
Matrix organizational structure, culture and commitment: a Hong Kong public sector case study of change

This paper reports on the impact of organizational change on a government department in Hong Kong. It focuses on the perceptions of professional personnel of the organizational culture developed in the depart4 ment and its mismatch with their expectations. The commitment of the professionals to their organization was measured, and found to be limited solely to a level of continuance commitment. The results of the study are discussed and explained in part by reference to Hofstede's cultural concepts of power distance and individualism, and by reference to traditional Chinese cultural values.
Mathematical modelling and simulation of irrigation sprinklers

A set of equations suitable for describing the dynamics of a liquid droplet gas mixture (spray) have been developed. The equations are arrived at by considering the spray as a multiphase continuum within which the gas and droplets of different sizes constitute individual phases. By ignoring droplet-droplet interactions and considering the gas phase as an inviscid fluid a simplified form of the equations of motion has been arrived at. The equations are considered in one dimension and used to describe the dynamics of the interior of spray produced by a large or medium scale irrigation sprinkler. When combined with data representing the distribution of droplet diameters within the spray this model can be used to predict the water application produced by a sprinkler operating in windy conditions. Such simulations have been undertaken to predict the water application from static sprinklers and the results validated by comparison with data obtained experimentally. A simulation methodology is used to determine the uniformity of water application produced by a travelling sprinkler. By considering the results of large number of simulations produced using meteorological data spanning several years the manner in which the simulation can be used for determining optimum irrigation practice is demonstrated. A simple model has been developed for predicting the water application from a travelling sprinkler operating in still air. The model can be used for obtaining first approximations to optimum operating conditions and provides a means for easily quantifying the performance of a given sprinkler. Further use of the model may be made for aiding in the design and control of irrigation sprinklers.
Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Epichlorohydrin-β-Cyclodextrin/Curcumin Binary Systems Embedded in a Pluronic®/Hyaluronate Hydrogel

Curcumin (Cur) is an anti-inflammatory polyphenol that can be complexed with polymeric cyclodextrin (CD) to improve solubility and bioavailability. The aim of the present work was to prepare a CurCD hydrogel to treat inflammatory skin conditions. Epichlorohydrin-β-CD (EpiβCD) was used as polymeric CD. To characterize the binary system, solid-state and in-solution studies were performed. Afterwards, an experimental design was performed to optimize the hydrogel system. Finally, the CurEpiβCD hydrogel system was tested for anti-inflammatory activity using a HaCat psoriasis cell model. Co-grinded Cur/EpiβCD binary system showed a strong interaction and Curcumin solubility was much improved. Its combination with Pluronic® F-127/hyaluronate hydrogel demonstrated an improvement in release rate and Curcumin permeation. After testing its anti-inflammatory activity, the system showed a significant reduction in IL-6 levels. Hydrogel-containing CurEpiβCD complex is a great alternative to treat topical inflammatory diseases.
Fluid Film Damping of Rolling Contact Vibrations

The magnitude of mechanical vibration and noise generated within machinery depends on damping. However, little is understood about how damping is distributed among the various possible damping sources. The results given in this paper isolate and quantify lubrication film damping between rolling discs and show that damping within the lubrication film contributes significantly to the total damping.A comparison of laboratory measurements with computer calculations shows that lubrication film damping is greatest under conditions of contact separation and thus indicates that fluid film damping is generated primarily by the squeeze film mechanism.
Germinated Chickpea and Lupin as Promising Ingredients for Breadmaking—Rheological Features

Improving the alpha-amylase activity of wheat flour represents an opportunity to valorize wheat grains of low baking quality. In this sense, germinated legumes can be used to increase enzymatic activity, giving superior final product characteristics at the same time. The aim of this study was to underline the effects of chickpea (CGF) and lupin germinated flours (LGF) added simultaneously to white wheat flour on the rheological behavior of dough and to evaluate an optimal product microstructure. For this purpose, the falling number, dough rheological properties during mixing, 3D-deformation and fermentation, and the visco-elastic behavior were evaluated, the effects of factors (CGF and LGF levels) and their optimization have been studied by applying a full factorial design and response surface methodology (RSM). The LGF sample had a composition of 39.4% protein, 10.3% moisture, 6.9% fat, and 3.4% ash, whereas the CGF presented 21.1 % protein, 9.4% moisture, 5.2% fat, and 3.6% ash. The results showed that CGF and LGF determined the decrease of the falling number, dough water absorption, tolerance to kneading, dough consistency at 250 and 450 s, extensibility, the maximum height of the gas release curve, volume of gas retained by the dough at the end of the test, total volume of CO2 production, visco-elastic moduli, and gelatinization temperatures. On the other hand, dough elasticity and alveograph curve ratio increased proportionally to the increase of CGF and LGF addition levels. The optimal combination considering the rheological properties of dough was found to be 8.57% CGF, 5.31% LGF, and 86.12% wheat flour, with enhanced alpha-amylase activity being obtained compared to the control. These results provide valuable information on the possibility of using germinated legumes such as chickpeas and lupin in breadmaking to enhance wheat flour technological properties (besides traditionally used barley malt flour).
EGFR-D770>GY and Other Rare EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations with a G770 Equivalence Are Sensitive to Dacomitinib or Afatinib and Responsive to EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutant-Active Inhibitors in Preclinical Models and Clinical Scenarios

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations account for a tenth of all EGFR mutations in lung cancers. An important unmet clinical need is the identification of EGFR exon 20 insertion mutants that can respond to multiple classes of approved EGFR-TKIs. We sought to characterize variants involving EGFR-D770 to EGFR-G770 position equivalence changes that structurally allow for response to irreversible 2nd generation EGFR-TKIs. Our group used preclinical models of EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations to probe representative 1st (erlotinib), 2nd (afatinib, dacomitinib), 3rd generation (osimertinib) and EGFR exon 20 insertion mutant-active (poziotinib, mobocertinib) TKIs; we also queried the available clinical literature plus our institutional database to enumerate clinical outcomes. EGFR-D770>GY and other EGFR insertions with a G770 equivalence were identified at a frequency of 3.96% in separate cohorts of EGFR exon 20 insertion mutated lung cancer (n = 429). Cells driven by EGFR-D770>GY were insensitive to erlotinib and osimertinib, displayed sensitivity to poziotinib and dacomitinib and were uniquely sensitive to afatinib and dacomitinib in comparison with other more typical EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations using proliferation and biochemical assays. Clinical cases with EGFR-G770 equivalence from the literature and our center mirrored the preclinical data, with radiographic responses and clinical benefits restricted to afatinib, dacomitinib, poziotinib and mobocertinib, but not to erlotinib or osimertinib. Although they are rare, at <4% of all exon 20 insertion mutations, EGFR-G770 equivalence exon 20 insertion mutations are sensitive to approved 2nd generation EGFR TKIs and EGFR exon 20 insertion mutant-active TKIs (mobocertinib and poziotinib). EGFR-D770>GY and other insertions with a G770 equivalence join EGFR-A763_Y764insFQEA as exon 20 insertion mutationsresponsive to approved EGFR TKIs beyond mobocertinib; this data should be considered for clinical care, genomic profiling reports and clinical trial elaboration.
Effect of Luting Cement and Convergence Angle of the Preparation on the Internal Fit of Zirconia Restorations

The objective was to evaluate the effect of luting agents and the preparation design on the internal fit of zirconia restorations. Sixty dies were prepared and divided in occlusal convergence angle of 6° (OC6) and 12° (OC12). CAD/CAM zirconia copings were fabricated (Lava All-Ceramic System). A zinc phosphate cement (ZPC); a glass ionomer cement (GIC); and a resin cement (RC) were studied. Specimens were sectioned and coping/die discrepancies were evaluated through Stereoscopic Microscopy. A closer fit was observed in OC12 when compared to OC6 (p < 0.001). For OC6 no significant differences were observed in between ZPC, GIC, and RC (p > 0.05). For OC12, a significantly closer fit was recorded on the ZPC subgroup when compared to the GIC subgroup (p < 0.001). Preparations of 12 degrees demonstrated a closer internal fit when compared to 6 degrees. Preparations of 12 degrees achieved better internal fit values with ZPC (Fortex) followed by RC (RelyX Unicem), and GIC (Ketac Cem). No differences were found when comparing different luting agents over 6° degrees preparations.
C2

Disability must first be defined as it is experienced by all disabled people, regardless of age and gender, including those with sensory, physical and intellectual impairment and mental health difficulties. Then, with this shared understanding, an assessment can be made of how well disabled people are being supported within mainstream agendas for health and well-being, the fight against global poverty and the human rights agenda. The chapter then shows how disabled people are taking control over their lives, changing their environments and demanding their right to full participation in society and to equality in freedom and dignity, despite massive violations of their rights and lack of visibility on mainstream development agendas.
Canonical microstrip filter using square open-loop resonators

A configuration for the realisation of canonical microstrip elliptic function narrow-band bandpass filters is proposed. The new filter configuration consists of two identical arrays of microstrip square open-loop resonators, The two resonator arrays are approximately placed on the same plane so as to allow nonadjacent electric and magnetic couplings to be realised and adjusted. A theoretical investigation has confirmed the feasibility.
CognitiveRadioandNetworking Research at Virginia Tech A large research team with a wide range of expertiseVfrom ICs and reconfigurable computing to wireless networkingV works to achieve the promise of cognitive radio.

More than a dozen Wireless @ Virginia Tech faculty are working to address the broad research agenda of cognitive radio and cognitive networks. Our core research team spans the protocol stack from radio and reconfigurable hardware to communications theory to the networking layer. Our work includes new analysis methods and the development of new software architectures and applications, in addition to work on the core concepts and architectures underlying cognitive radios and cognitive networks. This paper describes these contributions and points towards critical future work that remains to fulfill the promise of cognitive radio. We briefly describe the history of work on cognitive radios and networks at Virginia Tech and then discuss our contributions to the core cognitive processing underlying these systems, focusing on our cognitive engine. We also describe developments that support the cognitive engine and advances in radio technology that provide the flexibility desired in a cognitive radio node. We consider securing and verifying cognitive systems and examine the challenges of expanding the cognitive paradigm up the protocol stack to optimize end-to-end network performance. Lastly, we consider the analysis of cognitive systems using game theory and the application of cognitive techniques to problems in dynamic spectrum sharing and control of multiple- input multiple-output radios.