Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Motor Area Syndrome after Removal of an Unusual Extensive Parasagittal Meningioma: Analysis of Twelve Reported Cases

Background and Objectives: Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is a common post-operation complication in intra-axial brain tumors, such as glioma. Direct damage to parenchyma or scarification of the major vessels during an operation are the main causes. However, it is rarely reported as a postoperative complication in extra-axial tumors. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 11 reported cases of supplementary motor area syndrome after removal of extra-axial meningiomas in the English literature from the PubMed database. We also added our case, which presented as an unusual huge meningioma, to analyze the clinical parameters and outcomes of these 12 reported cases. Results: Recovery time of supplementary motor area syndrome in extra-axial tumors could be within 1–7 weeks, shorter than intra-axial tumors (2–9 weeks). Epilepsy and progressive limb weakness are the most common presentations in 50% of cases. Different degrees of postoperative muscle power deterioration were noted in the first 48 h (from 0–4). Lower limbs (66.6%, 8/12) were slightly predominant compared to upper limbs (58.3%, 7/12). Mutism aphasia was also observed in 41.6% (5/12, including our case), and occurred in tumors which were involved in the dominant side; this recovered faster than limb weakness. Discussion and Conclusions: Our work indicated that SMA syndrome could occur in extra-axial brain tumors presenting as mutism aphasia and limb weakness without any direct brain parenchyma damage. In our analysis, we found that recovery time of postoperative motor function deficit could be within 1–7 weeks. Our study also provides a further insight of SMA syndrome in extra-axial brain tumors.
Raman Spectroscopy investigate structural change of rice bran protein induced by three oxidants

ABSTRACT The effects of lipid peroxidation on rice bran protein (RBP) structure was examined through Raman Spectroscopy. 2,2’-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), acrolein, and malondialdehyde (MDA) are chosen for lipid peroxidation. Incubation of RBP with the increasing concentration of three oxidants resulted in a gradual generation of protein carbonyl derivatives. It can be deduced from the Raman spectra that a low concentration of AAPH and acrolein both decreased the percentage of α-helix and β-sheet, which increased with MDA concentration. The Raman intensities of tryptophan residues of oxidized RBP by AAPH and acrolein, both initially increased and then decreased with oxidation concentration. After MDA treatment, the Raman intensities corresponding to Trp residues and Tyr doublet ratio of RBP were increased and then decreased, and decreased and then increased with oxidation concentration, respectively. The structural change induced by RBP oxidation with the Raman Spectroscopy can aid in refining the function of RBP characteristics and control the adjustment of the storage condition.
Application of BP Neural Network and Fixed Effect in the Relationship between CSR and Female Directors

This study is to illustrate the two-way influencing mechanism of female directors’ gender and corporate social responsibility (CSR) of China’s listed companies. According to an empirical test of 3723 enterprises from 2013 to 2020, it reveals that the presence of female directors—especially female executive directors—contributes to the improvement of CSR. In the stage of back propagation (BP) neural network, the model included the overalls of CSR and macroscopic strategic, fulfillment content, and disclosed technology three dimensions. It randomly selects 100 samples, and via BP neural network, it predicts that the RKS-CSR rating can effectively show that high-CSR lever enhances the presence of female directors in Chinese listed companies and promotes gender balance in directors’ team, thus achieving gender balance and CSR two-way sustainable development.
Impact of Guar Gum and Locust Bean Gum Addition on the Pasting, Rheological Properties, and Freeze–Thaw Stability of Rice Starch Gel

Improving the gel texture and stability of rice starch (RS) by natural hydrocolloids is important for the development of gluten-free starch-based products. In this paper, the effects of guar gum and locust bean gum on the pasting, rheological properties, and freeze–thaw stability of rice starch were investigated by using a rapid visco analyzer, rheometer, and texture analyzer. Both gums can modify the pasting properties, revealed by an increment in the peak, trough, and final viscosities, and prevent the short-term retrogradation tendency of RS. Dynamic viscoelasticity measurements also indicated that the starch–gum system exhibits superior viscoelastic properties compared with starch alone, as revealed by its higher storage modulus (G′). Compared with the control, the hysteresis loop area of the guar gum-containing system and locust bean gum-containing system was reduced by 37.7% and 24.2%, respectively, indicating that the addition of gums could enhance shear resistance and structure recovery properties. The thermodynamic properties indicated that both gums retard short-term retrogradation as well as long-term retrogradation of the RS gels. Interestingly, the textural properties and freeze–thaw stability of the RS gel were significantly improved by the addition of galactomannans (p < 0.05), and guar gum was more effective than locust bean gum, which may be due to the different mannose to galactose ratio. The results provide alternatives for gluten-free recipes with improved texture properties and freeze–thaw stability.
Reliability of the Bulb Dynamometer for Assessing Grip Strength

Background: Hand function is an overall indicator of health and is often measured using grip strength. Hand-held dynamometry is the most common method of measuring grip strength. The purpose of this study was to determine the inter-rater and test-retest reliability, the reliability of one trial versus three trials, and the preliminary norms for a young adult population using the Baseline® Pneumatic Squeeze Bulb Dynamometer (30 psi). Methods: This study used a one-group methodological design. One hundred and three healthy adults (30 males and 73 females) were recruited. Six measurements were collected for each hand per participant. The data was analyzed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) two-way effects model (2,2) and paired-samples t-tests. Results: The ICC for inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.955 to 0.977. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the bulb dynamometer is a reliable tool to measure grip strength and should be further explored for reliable and valid use in diverse populations and as an alternative to the Jamar dynamometer. Comments The authors report no conflicts of interest to disclose.
University Library Space Renovation Based on the User Learning Experience in Two Wuhan Universities

University library spaces play an important role in the learning experience of students. However, the traditional designs for these learning spaces no longer meet the needs of users, and researchers have been turning their attention to university library space renovation. By combing existing theories and practices, this study determined a framework of six university library space renovation design principles and subsequently conducted a survey to examine university library space user learning experience in two university libraries in Wuhan, China. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS. From the questionnaire-based survey results, this study determined seven design elements that affect the learning experience of university library users. The results of binary logistic regression showed that two elements, indoor physical space comfort and indoor acoustic environment comfort, have positive effects on the frequency and length of visits to the library. Key spatial elements that can promote library space users’ learning experience were also identified, thus providing data that can reliably inform future design strategies for the space renovation of university libraries.
Research tendency of microplastics and nanoplastics based on bibliometric analysis and perspective of the influence of human health

Plastic microparticles are pollutants that have been proven to cause serious harm to human health and the environment. Using the core data set of Web of Science (WoSCC), this study analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution of 7,076 relevant articles on microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics published from 2004 to 2021. The visualization software CiteSpace 5.8. R3 was used to analyze the research status and emerging trends in this field. The results show that MPs and nanoplastics are important research hotspots for environmental pollution and biological toxicity, with research carried out mainly in the fields of environmental science, material science, and toxicology. Research on the impact of MPs and nanoplastics on human health is still in its infancy.
Boliviadendron, a new segregate genus of mimosoid legume (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade) narrowly endemic to the interior Andean valleys of Bolivia

﻿Abstract Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data sampling all species of Leucochloron alongside representatives of genera of the Inga and Albizia clades of the larger ingoid clade of mimosoid legumes (sensu Koenen et al. 2020) confirm the non-monophyly of the genus Leucochloron. We show that Leucochloronbolivianum is placed in the Albizia clade, while the remaining four species of Leucochloron are placed in the Inga clade, in line with previous results. To rectify this non-monophyly, L.bolivianum is segregated as the new genus, Boliviadendron, with a single species, Boliviadendronbolivianum, narrowly endemic to the interior Andean valleys of Bolivia. We illustrate this new segregate genus, present a map of its distribution and discuss the striking lack of morphological distinctions between Boliviadendron and Leucochloron, as well as the phylogenetic and morphological affinities of Boliviadendron to the genera Enterolobium and Albizia.
Assessment of Arterial Reflection Markers using an A-Mode Ultrasound Device

Reflections of arterial blood pulse waves have a pivotal role in the equilibrium of the vasculature. Elevated levels of wave reflections cause an increase in pulse pressure and pulse propagating speeds, exacerbating cardiovascular risk. Quantification of reflection markers is either based on augmentation index or reflection magnitude (RM) and reflection index (RI), both derived from wave separation analysis (WSA). Simultaneous measurement of pressure and flow velocity from the same arterial site is a requirement for WSA and has its practical challenges. Subsequently, simplified WSA based on modelling flow is proposed. This work explores the feasibility of using multi-Gaussian decomposition (MGD) of diameter scaled pressure waveform to perform a WSA and quantify the reflection markers. The diameter waveforms are obtained using an A-mode ultrasound device (ARTSENS®). The decomposed pressure signals scaled from diameter waveforms (or Gaussians) are uniquely combined to yield a forward and backward wave. The reflection markers derived from MGD based WSA are then compared with the clinically relevant stiffness markers and with age. The study was conducted on 110 healthy subjects (60 males and 50 females). A moderately significant correlation $(\mathrm{r} > 0.51,\mathrm{p} < 0.001)$ was obtained for RM and RI when compared with stiffness markers ($\beta$, Ep, AC, PWV and AIx). The highest correlation was observed for RM versus Ep $(\mathrm{r}= 0.602,\ \mathrm{p} < 0.001)$, followed by $\beta$ and PWV. The correlation in reflection markers with age was captured with $\mathrm{r}=0.51, \mathrm{p} < 0.001$. A change of 25.2% and 15.4% were observed for the group average RM and RI, respectively, among normotensive and hypertensive subjects in this cohort. The proposed MGD model has the potential to explore the central arterial biomechanics from a diameter or pressure waveform. The variations in reflection markers with stiffness and age derived using the proposed WSA approach were faithfully captured. The flow-independent WSA, combined with a field-deployable measurement device like ARTSENS®, has the potential to conduct large scale vascular screenings in a resource-limited setting.
A Case of Digital Autoamputation with Concurrent Sjogren's Syndrome, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, and Ovarian Cancer

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by focal lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands. SS mostly affects middle-aged women, and results in an increased risk of developing malignant neoplasm, particularly hematologic malignancies. The concurrent occurrence of SS, ovarian cancer, and autoimmune disease is very rare. Here, we present a case with postoperative digital autoamputation in a young Sjogren's patient diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. The patient was later also diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome. Clinicians should note that female genital tract malignancies might occur in autoimmune diseases. In addition, when planning for surgery, they should also be aware of the possibility of another autoimmune disease and different patterns of postoperative complications such as venous thromboembolism and thrombophlebitis. A multidisciplinary approach is required to achieve successful management. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the second case with concurrent SS and ovarian cancer and the first case with concurrent SS, antiphospholipid syndrome, and ovarian cancer.
Students’ Perception of Quality of Learning Experience (Structure, Process and Outcome): Discipline Versus Problem Based Medical Curriculum and the Mediation Role of Process Quality

Problem-based learning (PBL) is now incorporated into the curricula of most medical schools around the world. In comparison to the traditional curriculum, less is known about the influence of the adoption and implementation of a problem-based curriculum on the perceived structures, processes, and outcomes of learning experiences reported by students. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to compare the quality of learning experience of students enrolled in traditional discipline-based and problem-based medical curricula and (2) to explore the mediation effect of the process quality between the relationship of the structural quality and students’ perception of learning experience outcomes. Through the distribution of an electronic survey, all 3rd and 4th year medical students enrolled in the discipline-based curriculum and the problem-based curriculum were invited to participate in the study. The students from both curricula completed the Student Experience Survey (SES), which was developed by the National Center for Academic Accreditation and Evaluation. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test and Hayes Macro regression analysis were used. Students enrolled in the problem-based curriculum had higher perceived support and sufficient advice with higher perceived quality of learning experiences compared with students enrolled in the traditional curriculum, however they reported less enjoyment of their university life. The structural factors (t = 19.83, p ≤ 0.001) and process factors (t = 9.21, p ≤ 0.001) were associated with an increase in students’ reported outcomes by 0.67 and 0.49, respectively. These findings explain the mechanism by which the structural factors, such as maintaining adequate facilities and support, may help in enhancing the process quality (e.g., learner-centered learning), which in turn can enhance learning experience outcomes.
Color as an Indicator of Properties in Thermally Modified Scots Pine Sapwood

The aim of this study was to determine the dependencies between mechanical properties of modified wood and its color. Within its scope, quantitative changes in color and chemical composition (mass loss, total carbon content, content of extractives and main components of wood), as well as mechanical properties (compressive strength along the grain, strength and modulus of elasticity in longitudinal tension tests, compression across the grain and impact resistance) of the modified Scots pine sapwood, were determined. Modifications were conducted in the atmosphere of superheated steam (time—4 h, temperature of 130, 160, 190, 220 °C). Thermal modification of wood results in an increase in the modulus of elasticity, a reduction of elasticity, longitudinal tensile strength and compressive strength perpendicular to grain. It was found that color parameters ∆E, ∆L and ∆a are linear functions of the modification temperature. The existence of functional dependencies between mass loss, longitudinal tensile strength, radial modulus of elasticity and parameters of ∆E and ∆L makes it possible to determine these properties of modified wood based on color. In turn, chemical analysis indicated that an increase in the temperature of wood modification caused a decrease of holocellulose and hemicelluloses contents, especially in wood samples modified at 220 °C.
Association between brain N-acetylaspartate levels and sensory and motor dysfunction in patients who have spinal cord injury with spasticity: an observational case-control study

Spinal cord injury is a severe and devastating disease, and spasticity is a common and severe complication that is notoriously refractory to treatment. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying spasticity and its development remain largely unknown. The goal of the present study was to find differences, if any, in metabolites of the left precentral gyrus and basal ganglia of patients who have spinal cord injury with or without spasticity, and to explore the relationship between the brain metabolite concentrations and clinical status. Thirty-six participants were recruited for magnetic resonance spectroscopic examination: 23 with spinal cord injury (12 with spasticity and 11 without spasticity) and 13 healthy controls. We acquired localized proton spectra from the precentral gyrus and basal ganglia via 10 mm3 voxels. Notably, univariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the lower that the N-acetylaspartate concentration (a marker for neuronal loss) was in the precentral gyrus of the patients, the lower their ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) light-touch scores, pinprick scores, and motor scores. Additionally, longer durations of injury were associated with higher N-acetylaspartate levels in the precentral gyrus. Compared with the healthy participants and patients without spasticity, N-acetylaspartate levels in the patients with spasticity were significantly lower in both the precentral gyrus and basal ganglia. Lower N-acetylaspartate levels also correlated with greater sensory and motor dysfunction in the patients who had spinal cord injury with spasticity.
MHCII Expression on Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Canine Lymphoma: An Impact of Glucocorticoids

Simple Summary Loss or decreased expression of human leukocyte antigen—D-related (HLA-DR) on the surface of monocytes is related to the dysfunction of the immune system and was reported in human neoplasia, including lymphoma. Canine lymphoma is frequently presented as a valuable comparative model for studies on human non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. However, there are no studies on the expression of analogue proteins—MHCII antigens—on monocytes in canine lymphoma. In this study, we have evaluated the changes in the expression of MHCII on monocytes in the blood of dogs with lymphoma before any treatment and in dogs that had previously received glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids are often used by clinicians as first drugs after diagnosis for immediate health improvement and are known to impact monocyte number. We have shown an increase in the percentage of MHCII− monocytes, regardless of treatment. However, only in dogs that had received glucocorticoids were changes in the proportion of MHCII+ and MHCII− monocytes reflected also by the changes in the number of MHCII− monocytes in the blood, which was significantly higher. Evaluating the changes in canine monocytes might be helpful in the diagnosis of various tumor types, monitoring of the treatment or assessing the immune status of dogs. Abstract An increase in the percentage of monocytes with reduced HLA-DR expression and immunosuppressive properties has been reported in numerous human neoplastic diseases, including lymphoma. However, there are no analogous studies on phenotypical variations in the peripheral blood monocytes in dogs with lymphoma. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in the expression of the MHCII molecule on peripheral blood monocytes in dogs with lymphoma before any treatment (NRG) and in dogs that had previously received glucocorticoids (RG) in comparison to healthy dogs. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocytes was performed using canine-specific or cross-reactive antibodies against CD11b, CD14 and MHCII. In the blood of dogs with lymphoma (NRG and RG), compared to that of healthy ones, the MHCII+ and MHCII− monocytes ratio was changed due to an increase in the percentage of MHCII− monocytes. The number of MHCII− monocytes was significantly higher only in RG dogs compared to healthy ones, which might result from the release of these cells from the blood marginal pool due to the action of glucocorticoids. Our results encourage further studies to assess if changes in MHCII expression affect immune status in dogs with lymphoma.
Queering English language teaching: Insights from teachers in a Philippine state university

ABSTRACT With the growing acknowledgment of schools as potential sites for making gender equity and gender justice and fairness possible, incorporating the gender perspective in education has become imperative. The field of English language teaching (ELT) has been part of this development as well with issues of gender and sexuality receiving considerable attention in the field. The present study contributes to this developing conversation by focusing on the possibilities and challenges of queering ELT, an area in the literature on diversity-focused ELT which has received relatively minimal attention. Using a qualitative survey of 20 English language teachers in a leading Philippine state university, the study investigates the teacher-participants’ notions of a queer-perspective ELT, their own queering practices in the classroom, and the difficulties posed by these practices. The findings of the study demonstrate that the teachers have positive views about queering ELT and, in fact, find it necessary for fostering an inclusive classroom and stimulating students’ critical thinking. However, the teachers also report the lack of models, their own limited knowledge of queer concepts, and possible resistance from stakeholders as challenges that ultimately need to be faced for a genuine integration of the gender, specifically queer, perspective in the field of Philippine ELT.