Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experiences of children with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden: a qualitative interview study

Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with disabilities has been described as a ‘triple jeopardy’. Not only have they experienced the negative social impacts of disease control measures, but access to required health services has been affected, and, not least, they are at increased risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19. This study aimed to determine how children with disabilities have experienced the pandemic in Sweden and its impact on their lives. Methods Six children (5–13 years) were interviewed via video conferencing. An interview guide was adapted based on the children’s communicative abilities and included augmentative and alternative communication support. Reflective field notes were included in the analysis. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Two themes were identified: The child’s knowledge of Corona raises anxiety and fear; and Boring Corona makes the child even lonelier. The children had knowledge about and were worried about COVID-19, primarily about illness and death of their grandparents. The children longed for their grandparents and other social contacts at school, and life was described as boring and lonely. Many families lacked adequate tools to communicate with their children about the pandemic. Conclusion Given adequate support, children with disabilities and communication difficulties can give insights to their unique life situations. The interviewed children reported significant impact on their life and school life. Children were worried about their grandparents based on their knowledge about the virus. The enthusiasm with which the children engaged in the interviews is testament to the need and right of all children, regardless of communicative competence, to voice their experiences
Utilisation of health management information and its determinant factors among health professionals working at public health facilities in North Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Objective The study aimed to assess health management information utilisation and associated factors among health professionals working at public health facilities in North Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia. Setting The study was conducted at public health facilities in the North Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia. Participants A total of 664 (56.3% male and 43.7% female) health professionals participated in the study. All health professionals permanently working in North Wollo Zone were included in this study. However, health professionals who were not present during the data collection period by any means and who had less than 6 months of experience were not included in this study. Primary and secondary outcome measures The main outcome measure was health management information utilisation. Result About 58.4% (n=388) (95% CI: 54.4% to 62.0%) of the study participants use health management information. The multivariable logistic regression model indicated that participants who had managerial positions are more likely to use health management information with an adjusted OR (AOR) of 3.11 and 95% CI 1.84 to 5.24. Similarly, having a good motivation level (AOR=4.42 (95% CI: 2.82 to 6.93)), perceived good culture of health information (AOR=6.17 (95% CI: 3.35 to 11.36)), a standard set of indicators (AOR=4.11 (95% CI: 2.65 to 6.38)), having good governance of health information system (AOR=1.75 (95% CI:1.13 to 2.72)) and health management information system (HMIS) training (AOR=3.10 (95% CI: 1.89 to 5.07)) were the predictors positively associated with higher utilisation of health management information. Conclusion This study revealed that utilisation of health management information was still inadequate. Enhancing motivation, building a culture of information use, having standardised indicators, strengthening the governance of health information systems and comprehensive HMIS training were measures to be taken to improve utilisation of health management information in this study setting.
Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness measured with SD-OCT in a population-based study: the Handan Eye Study

Purpose To examine the normative profile of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and ocular parameters based on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and its associations with related parameters among the Chinese population. Methods This population-based cohort Handan Eye Study (HES) recruited participants aged≥30 years. All subjects underwent a standardised ophthalmic examination. Peripapillary RNFL thickness was obtained using SD-OCT. Mixed linear models were adopted to evaluate the correlation of RNFL thickness with ocular parameters as well as systemic factors. R V.3. 6.1 software was used for statistical analysis. Results 3509 subjects (7024 eyes) with the average age of 55.54±10.37 were collected in this analysis. Overall mean RNFL thickness measured was 113.46±10.90 µm, and the thickest quadrant of parapapillary RNFL was the inferior quadrant, followed by the superior quadrant, the nasal quadrant and the temporal quadrant. In the multivariate linear regression model, thinner RNFL thickness was remarkable association with male (p<0.001), older age (p<0.001), increased body mass index (>30, p=0.018), absence of diabetes (p=0.009), history of cataract surgery (p=0.001), higher intraocular pressure (p=0.007), lower spherical equivalent (p<0.001) and increased axial length (p=0.048). Conclusions In non-glaucoma individuals, this difference of RNFL thickness in Chinese population should be noted in making disease diagnoses. Meanwhile, multiple ocular and systemic factors are closely related to the thickness of RNFL. Our findings further emphasise the need to demonstrate ethnic differences in RNFL thickness and the specificity of associated ocular and systemic factors, as well as to develop better normative databases worldwide. Trial registration number HES was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry website, and the registry number was ChiCTR-EOC-17013214.
An Analysis of Sex Differences in Computing Teaching Evaluations

Anonymous student teacher evaluations are commonly used to evaluate the quality of computing instructors at the university level. However, such teaching evaluations are subject to gender and sex-based biases, calling into question their utility and scope. In this paper, we first use data from a large public American university to replicate previous findings showing that significant sex-related differences persist in computing teaching evaluations. Intriguingly, we find that the sex-differences in computing teaching evaluations are primarily driven by bias involving professors, while significant sex-based differences for student-instructors are not observed. Finally, we place the magnitude of the sex-based differences we observe into a broader engineering context. CCS CONCEPTS • Social and professional topics → Gender; Computing education. ACM Reference Format: Priscila Santiesteban, Madeline Endres, and Westley Weimer. 2022. An Analysis of Sex Differences in Computing Teaching Evaluations. In Third Workshop on Gender Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion in Software Engineering (GE@ICSE’22), May 20, 2022, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 4 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3524501.3527604
ANALYSIS OF CONCENTRATIONS OF RISK AND TOXIC ELEMENTS IN SHEEP MILK FROM AREA OF SLOVAKIA WITH POTENTIALLY UNDISTURBED ENVIRONMENT

Concentration of toxic metals in milk, especially in industrial regions, may serve as a direct bioindicator of the quality of milk, which is an important food in human diet. The aim of this study was to find actual contamination of selected area of Slovakia and to determine the effect of lactation stages on the concentration of risk and toxic elements in sheep´s milk of Tsigai breed. Monitoring of environment was performed by sampling of soil, feed, and milk samples from 400 ewes. Selected elements in feed and milk were detected using the AAS-HG, AES-ICP, AAS-ETA, AAS-AMA, and AAS-F and in soil samples by ICP-OES. Concentrations of toxic elements (As, Hg, Pb, Ni) were found in the soil samples, which corresponded to MRL, and their content was not reflected in the samples of feed and milk of sheep and were below the LOQ. The effect of lactation stage was statistically significant only in case of Ca (P<0.05), where a significant increase in concentration of this element was found throughout the lactation period. A statistically significant increase of concentrations of Se, Mg, Zn and Fe (P<0.05) in sheep milk was recorded only in the late stage of lactation. Pearson´s correlation analysis showed a several very strong and positive correlation relationships in individual lactation stages of sheep. The very low concentrations, below LOQ of selected toxic elements in milk confirmed, that level of contamination of the selected area of Slovakia is very low, and milk from this area of Slovakia is in good hygienic quality and it is safety for direct consumption or for further processing.
Large-Scale Field Test of Forward Collision Alert and Lane Departure Warning Systems

This report covers a field study on an innovative large-scale data collection technique used to gather information about how crash avoidance systems operate in the field and how drivers respond to them. Although the specific systems studied were the General Motors (GM) camera-based forward collision alert (FCA) and lane departure warning (LDW) systems, this technique could be readily applied to other emerging active safety (crash avoidance) systems and used to better inform emerging active safety consumer metrics. It should be noted that both the FCA and LDW systems evaluated have consistently met the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Crash Avoidance New Car Assessment Program (CA NCAP) performance criteria since this program was initiated. The study team found that this data collection technique has several distinct strengths, including cost, sample size, drivers using their own vehicles where they can turn systems off, ability to look at long-term effects, data efficiency, and the ability to acquire “rapid-turnaround” large-scale results, and that this new data collection technique is ideally suited for understanding the safety impacts of crash avoidance systems.
the power structure of the fashion industry: Fashion capitals, globalization and

Geography plays a crucial role in the fashion industry. For example, clothing brands are readily associated with specific countries and cities, and the apparel value chain is globalized in ways that have generated a lot of attention from social scientists, for example regarding outsourcing. In this article, the geographical perspective on fashion is extended and analysed through a power angle. In other words, the origins of the current ‘oligarchic’ structure of fashion − around New York, London, Milan and Paris − are explored in order to (1) better understand how power is shared in fashion; and (2) determine whether this structure actually has a future. More specifically, can the current fashion oligarchy make room for a fully democratized industry or a polyarchical structure that would include additional players, in Brazil, Russia, India or China among others?
HIP-based Virtual Private LAN Service (HIPLS)

The Host Identity Protocol (HIP) and architecture adds a cryptographic name space to name Internet hosts. This draft describes a use case of the HIP architecture, which is to provide a HIP-enabled virtual private LAN service (VPLS) over an untrusted network. In this case, HIP is used to secure tunnels between the provider edge (PE) equipment.
Supporting Collaborative Project Teams Using Computer-Based Technologies

This chapter considers computer-supported collaborative learning within the context of a technology-supported project-based subject offered to advanced-level students in a postgraduate education program. The subject was the focus of a qualitative case study investigation that revealed how student teams worked together on an authentic project task and the role online tools play in supporting their collaboration. This chapter discusses the research and conceptual literature that informed the design of the learning environment, the nature of the research study and the relevant findings, and some of the practical implications for teachers and designers in selecting online tools to support collaborative learning. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB9541 IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Online Collaborative Learning: Theory and Practice, edited by Tim S. Roberts. C pyright © 2004, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited.
Exploring Teachers’ Perceptions of Critical Thinking as A 21st Century Skill in EFL Classrooms teaching and learning in classrooms

: The current study aims at investigating EFL teachers’ perceptions of critical thinking as well as the strategies they use to incorporate critical thinking into their EFL classes. Moreover، it aims at investigating the challenges that EFL teachers face when incorporating critical thinking strategies in their classrooms. The current study was conducted with twenty EFL teachers at 4 secondary schools. The findings indicate that the participating teachers have some but inadequate knowledge about critical thinking and they sometimes incorporate certain techniques to cultivate critical thinking among language learners. It is recommended that there should be more focus on exploring critical thinking conceptions and practices among EFL teachers working at different levels.
Short Run Effects of Generalized Data Protection Act on Returns from AI Acquisitions

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), enacted in 2016, provides guidelines to firms on using personal customer information and empowers customers to know the ways firms use their data. We study the effect of GDPR on return on assets from acquisitions of AI technology companies. The objective of AI acquisitions matters after GDPR. Though firms obtain positive returns from AI acquisitions after GDPR, returns are low and weakly significant. However, returns are higher after GDPR for AI acquisitions that improve customer experience and cybersecurity. Returns from AI acquisitions to improve efficiency and product innovations are unchanged after GDPR. Revenue improvements and cost reductions from AI acquisitions are unaffected after GDPR. Our study documents AI acquisition strategies that can benefit firms after GDPR.
Current Public Trends in the Discussion of Dry Eyes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Popular Content on TikTok

Introduction Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular pathology with significant impacts on both quality of life and visual function. One platform where individuals are receiving healthcare information is TikTok, the world's fastest-growing social media platform. Though used by more than one billion users, current literature is not established to assess the quality of information on TikTok. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of DED-related medical information present on TikTok. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of DED content on TikTok, utilizing the search term #DryEye to assess the top 150 videos appearing on December 20, 2021. Included videos were analyzed for descriptive statistics, including views, likes, uploader profession, and the number of uploader followers. Videos were assessed utilizing DISCERN, a tool used to appraise consumer health information. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine statistical significance groups. Results A total of 101 videos were included in the final analysis. When comparing content creators, physicians received a significantly greater number of views and higher DISCERN scores (p<0.05) than non-physician medical providers and non-medical individuals. The content of the videos were educational content (n=39, 38.6%) or treatment information (n=37, 36.6%), followed by home remedies (n=10, 9.9%) and personal anecdotes (n=8, 7.9%). Videos with rich supplementary visuals (multiple images/moving images) had higher DISCERN scores compared to videos with no supplementary visuals or one supplementary visual (p<0.01). Conclusion With the growing popularity of TikTok, it is important to provide high-quality information to ensure the dissemination of medically accurate information and reduce the prevalence of disinformation. Our results demonstrate that while TikTok is a powerful platform, the quality of videos can still be vastly improved. Content creators, regardless of profession, can improve their DISCERN through listing sources, comparing treatments, and discussing risks/outcomes of various treatment modalities.
Safety and efficacy of colchicine in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials

Background Colchicine has been used an effective anti-inflammatory drug to treat gout diseases. Owing to its pharmacodynamic of inhibiting interleukins, it has been repurposed to target the cytokine storm post-SARS-CoV-2 invasion. The goal of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety profile of colchicine in COVID-19 patients using the gold-standard randomised-control trials. Methods Electronic databases (Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane) were systematically searched until June 2021 and RCTs were extracted. Outcomes of interest included all-cause mortality, COVID-19 severity, mechanical ventilation, C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels. Using a random-effects model, dichotomous outcomes were pooled using odds ratios (OR) through the generic inverse variance formula while weighted mean differences were calculated using the Wan’s method. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant for all outcomes. Results A total population of 16,048 from five RCTs were included in the analysis. Of this, 7957 were randomized to colchicine, and 8091 received standard care, with an average age of 60.67 years. Colchicine was observed to significantly reduce COVID-19 severity (OR: 0.41, 95% CI [0.22, 0.76]; p = 0.005), and CRP levels (WMD: -19.99, 95% CI [-32.09, -7.89]; p = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in D-dimer levels (WMD: 0.31, 95% CI [-0.61, 1.23]; p = 0.51), mechanical ventilation (OR: 0.42, 95% CI [0.17, 1.03]; p = 0.06; I2 = 74%) and all-cause mortality (OR: 0.98, 95% CI [0.83, 1.16]; p = 0.84) among patients receiving colchicine or standard care. Conclusion Colchicine treatment decreased CRP levels and COVID-19 severity, with dimer levels, all-cause mortality and mechanical ventilation remaining seemingly unaffected. Thus, clinical trials need to be carried out that allow effective evaluation of colchicine in COVID-19 patients.
Multilevel predictors of climate change beliefs in Africa

Although Africa is the most vulnerable region to climate change, little research has focused on how climate change is perceived by Africans. Using random forest methodology, we analyze survey and climate data from second-order political boundaries to explore what predicts climate change beliefs in Africa. We include five different dimensions of climate change beliefs: climate change awareness, belief in anthropogenic climate change, risk perception, the need to stop climate change, and self-efficacy. Based on these criteria we identify five key results: (1) climate change in Africa is largely perceived through its negative impacts on agriculture; (2) actual changes in local climate conditions are related to climate change beliefs; (3) authoritarian and intolerant ideologies are associated to less climate change awareness, and a diminished risk perception and belief that it must be stopped; (4) women are less likely to be aware of climate change, and (5) not speaking French, English or Portuguese is linked to a hindered understanding of climate beliefs. Our combined results can help policy makers better understand the need to jointly consider the multilevel complexities of individual beliefs and hydroclimatic data for the development of more accurate adaptation and mitigation strategies to combat the impacts of climate change in Africa.
Magnetic resonance imaging study of incidental findings in the paranasal sinuses and ostiomeatal complex

Purpose This study aimed to assess incidental abnormal findings in the paranasal sinuses and anatomical variations of the ostiomeatal complex (OMC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Materials and Methods MRI scans of 616 patients (mean age, 44.0±19.4 years) were evaluated. Prior to obtaining the MRI scans, a checklist of patients’ clinical symptoms was filled out after obtaining their consent. The Lund-Mackay classification was used to assess the paranasal sinuses and OMC. The prevalence of abnormal findings and their associations with patients’ age, sex, and subjective symptoms were analyzed by the chi-square test, independent-sample t-test, and analysis of variance. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results Abnormal findings in the paranasal sinuses were detected in 32.0% of patients, with a significantly higher prevalence in males (P<0.05), but no significant association with age (P>0.05). Epithelial thickening and retention cyst were the most common abnormal findings in the paranasal sinuses. According to the Lund-Mackay classification, 93% of the study population had normal sinuses (score<4). Concha bullosa and paradoxical concha were detected in 15.3% and 3.4%, respectively, with no significant association with the presence of septal deviation or Lund-Mackay classification (P>0.05). Conclusion Considering the relatively high prevalence of abnormal findings in the paranasal sinuses, it appears that clinical symptoms alone are not sufficient to diagnose sinusitis. A more accurate strategy would be to assess radiographic images of the paranasal sinuses and use a classification system. Sinusitis should be suspected in patients receiving a high score in this classification.
Tobacco Use Pattern, Dependence, Oral Cancer Awareness and Health Education needs Among Urban Slum Dwellers of Jodhpur City

Background: The rapid migration from rural to urban region results in mushrooming of slums in India. Urban-slums are comparatively poor vulnerable groups which are mostly affected with oral cancer due to higher exposure to risk factors like tobacco use. Aims: To assess pattern of tobacco consumption, awareness about oral cancer and related health education needs in urban slums of Jodhpur city. Methods: Study was conducted during July 2018Nov 2018 in slum of Jodhpur city. On the basis of cluster sampling strategy data were collected from 1200 participants regarding tobacco use and perception regarding oral cancer to identify health education needs in urban slums. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, multivariate logistics analysis were used and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 1200 participants were surveyed, out of which 48.5% were males. Among the study population, 58.5% (n = 462/789) males and 41.45% (n = 327/789) females were consuming tobacco in one or more forms. The statistical association between: age and bidi, gutka, zarda consumption; gender and bidi, cigarette, gutka consumption was found to be significant (P < 0.001). The younger population (1530 years) has more willingness to quit tobacco than the older population. (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.092.11). Almost 56% were aware of oral cancer. Conclusions: An effective information, education and communication (IEC) strategy for tobacco cessation should be designed with focus on different education needs according to age, gender, and education status of slum population.