Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aeroelastic analysis of straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine blade

To prevent flutter phenomena in a wind turbine, minimize vibration and increase the blades' life, a systematic analysis is required to investigate the effects between the cyclic aerodynamic loads and the structural performance of the turbine. A dynamic analysis of a straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine (SB-VAWT) blade is investigated in this paper, and a simplified approach for the energy equations of an Eulerian beam subjected to twist and transverse bending deflections is introduced. The aerodynamic loads are estimated using the double multiple stream tube models. They are introduced into the dynamic model in the aeroelastic coupling, where the structural displacements are fed back to update the aerodynamic loads by utilizing the average acceleration method for the numerical integration of the equations. Reduced order modeling is then imposed based on the first modes of vibration. It is found that the structural displacement has little effect on the aerodynamic loads, and SBVAWTs experience higher transverse displacements compared with those in curved-blade VAWTs.
Crystal bases for the quantum queer superalgebra

In this paper, we develop the crystal basis theory for the quantum queer superalgebra $U_q(\mathfrak q(n))$. We define the notion of crystal bases and prove the tensor product rule for $U_q(\mathfrak q(n))$-modules in the category $O_int^{\geq 0}$. Our main theorem shows that every $U_q(\mathfrak q(n))$-module in the category $O_int^{\geq 0}$ has a unique crystal basis.
Proposal of Unidirectional Laminar Flow Model to Black Waters Lakes in Central Amazonian, Brazil: A Case Study

This case study was conducted in Tupé lake a Ria black water lake in the Negro River basin, Central Amazonian, with historical data from 2001 to 2018. The aim was to propose a unidirectional laminar flow model, relating it to the limnological data, in special temperature and dissolved oxygen in the water column. Climatological, geomorphological and hydrological data as well as general environmental factors were included for the construction and study of the water circulation model. The Tupé lake (3º01'33.5 ”- 3º02'47.8” S; 60º14'57.5 ”- 60º16'1.2” W) is supplied in most of the time by waters coming from forest streams. As a result, the lake has specific properties of circulation and flow of nutrients, being considered a meromictic lake with permanent stratification. Although the statistical test suggests that there is no difference in the average density between the vertical layers of water, the observed pattern confirms exactly the opposite, reinforcing the existence of permanent stratification due to uneven mass densities between the epilimnion and hypolimnion. The continuous and almost permanent unidirectional laminar flow from the forest streams guarantees the state of non-conservation of energy at the bottom of the lake, with constant renewal and variation of this behavior. A laminar flow model was established for the lake, highlighting the partial circulation of water in the epilimnion. The condition of permanent stratification is not common to be observed. Thus, with these results, a model can be established to help identify this behavior in other Ria lakes in the Amazon region.
Accretion, growth of supermassive black holes, and feedback in galaxy mergers

Super-Eddington accretion is very efficient in growing the mass of a black hole: in a fraction of the Eddington time its mass can grow to an arbitrary large value if the feedback effect is not taken into account. However, since super-Eddington accretion has a very low radiation efficiency, people have argued against it as a major process for the growth of the black holes in quasars since observations have constrained the average accretion efficiency of the black holes in quasars to be >rsim0.1. In this paper, we show that the observational constraint does not need to be violated if the black holes in quasars have undergone a two-phase growing process: with a short super-Eddington accretion process they get their masses inflated by a very large factor until the feedback process becomes important, then with a prolonged sub-Eddington accretion process they have their masses increased by a factor of >rsim 2. The overall average efficiency of this two-phase process is then >rsim 0.1, and the existence of black holes of masses ∼109 M⊙ by redshift 6 is easily explained. An observational test of the existence of the super-Eddington accretion phase is briefly discussed.
The Elements of Cultural Power: Novelty, Emotion, Status, and Cultural Capital

Why do certain ideas catch on? What makes some ideas more powerful than others? Using a novel dataset that traces Chinese netizens’ discussion of U.S. politics on an online forum, this study examines key predictors of cultural power—novelty, emotion, status, and linguistic features—using an innovative diachronic word-embedding method. The study finds a curvilinear relationship between novelty and resonance, as well as a positive relationship between status and cultural power. Contrary to theoretical expectations, moderate emotions, whether positive or negative, are found to be more effective in evoking resonance than more intense emotions, possibly due to the mediating effect of the forum’s “group style. ” Thus, it appears that although extreme sentiments toward the United States may exist, they are not likely to be resonant, at least among more educated Chinese netizens. The study also finds significant effects of linguistic features, such as lexical diversity and the use of English in Chinese discussions. This suggests a Bourdieusian “cultural capital signaling and selection” path to cultural power, which has not been considered in most studies of resonance.
Modeling and Simulation of Spin Transfer Torque Generated at Topological Insulator/Ferromagnetic Heterostructure

Topological Insulator (TI) has recently emerged as an attractive candidate for possible application to spintronic circuits because of its strong spin orbit coupling. TIs are unique materials that have an insulating bulk but conducting surface states due to band inversion and these surface states are protected by time reversal symmetry. In this paper, we propose a physics-based spin dynamics simulation framework for TI/Ferromagnet (TI/FM) bilayer heterostructures that is able to capture the electronic band structure of a TI while calculating the electron and spin transport properties. Our model differs from TI/FM models proposed in the literature in that it is able to account for the 3D band structure of TIs and the effect of exchange coupling and external magnetic field on the band structure. Our proposed approach uses 2D surface Hamiltonian for TIs that includes all necessary features for spin transport calculations so as to properly model the characteristics of a TI/FM heterostructure. Using this Hamiltonian and appropriate parameters, we show that the effect of quantum confinement and exchange coupling are successfully captured in the calculated surface band structure compared with the quantum well band diagram of a 3D TI, and matches well with experimental data reported in the literature. We then show how this calibrated Hamiltonian is used with the self-consistent non equilibrium Green's functions (NEGF) formalism to determine the charge and spin transport in TI/FM bilayer heterostructures. Our calculations agree well with experimental data and capture the unique features of a TI/FM heterostructure such as high spin Hall angle, high spin conductivity etc. Finally, we show how the results obtained from NEGF calculations may be incorporated into the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski (LLGS) formulation to simulate the magnetization dynamics of an FM layer sitting on top of a TI.
EFFECTS OF INBREEDING ON SOME GIZA 20 ONION BULB CHARACTERS.

This work was carried out at Shandweel Experiment Station, Sohag, Gvernorate from 1998 to 2000 to investigate the effect of inbreeding on some onion bulb characters in the second generation (S 2 ) of " Giza 20 " cultivar. Percentage of single growing point and single center bulbs were increased by inbreeding in the second generation while, internal and external doubles, mean bulb weight, bolters and culls were decreased. Predicted gain was more than realized for the single growing point and single center bulb characters while, realized gain was more than predicted in internal and external doubles, bolters, mean bulb weight and culls in S 2 populations.
Report on carbapenemase-producing rare sequence types of Escherichia coli and Enterobacter hormaechei

Introduction and Aim: Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have emerged at an alarming rate. Multi locus sequence typing (MLST) is an important parameter for identifying drug resistant organisms. The present study was carried out for elucidating the mechanisms of CRE and MLSTs associated with CRE. Materials and Methods: CRE (n=14) were obtained from various clinical samples and subjected to Rapidec Carba NP (CNP) test and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) and five isolates proceeded for whole genome sequencing (WGS). -lactamase (bla) genes were analysed using Resfinder and CARD tool. Bioinformatics tools: mlplasmids, plasmid finder, mobile element finder, and Center for Genomic Epidemiology (CGE) toolbox were used. Results: All isolates (n=14) were positive for CNP and bla genes using M-PCR. Isolates (J21, J22, J23, J27) were identified as Escherichia coli while (J34) was Enterobacter hormaechei. MLST showed E. coli isolates (J21& J22) as ST648; E. coli (J23) was ST940; E. coli (J27) was ST 2851, and E. hormaechei (J34) was closest to ST1325. Genes blaTEM, blaNDM & blaampC were found to be present in all isolates; blaCTX-M was present in all E. coli isolates but not in E. hormaechei. blaOXA was present in E. coli (J23) and in E. hormaechei (J34); while ESBL blaSFO-1 in E. hormaechei (J34). Conclusion: ESBLs (blaTEM & blaCTXM) and metallo beta-lactamase -MBL (blaNDM) cause carbapenem resistance in rare sequence types of E. coli while; ESBL (blaSFO-1) and MBL (blaNDM) cause carbapenem resistance in E. hormaechei.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Allergic Rhinitis in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has increased tremendously in the recent year in China. Evidence-based medicine to objectively evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for AR in China is urgently required. Toward this, we systematically searched four English and four Chinese databases to identify the literature on the same, from the year of website establishment until November 2021. A total of 51 studies were evaluated, and data were obtained through Stata 16 analysis. Overall pooled risk factors for adult AR were smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25, 2.87), asthma (OR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.48, 7.39), a family history of AR (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 2.31, 4.34), a family history of asthma (OR = 3.99, 95% CI: 2.58, 6.16), drug allergy (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.38, 1.89), food allergy (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.39, 3.78), pollen allergy history (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.67, 3.46), antibiotic use (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.28, 3.36), occupational dust exposure (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.70, 2.47), home renovation (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 0.99, 3.02), and middle school education (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.06). Overall pooled risk factors for AR in children were passive smoking (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.82), asthma (OR = 3.26, 95% CI: 2.42, 4.39), a family history of AR (OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 2.07, 3.24), a family history of allergy (OR = 4.84, 95% CI: 3.22, 7.26), a history of allergic diseases (OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.52, 2.94), eczema(OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.36, 3.85), owning pets (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.37, 1.77), eating seafood (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.55), boys (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.43, 1.74), and breastfeeding (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.55, 1.22). The results of our meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of allergy rhinitis was 19% (95% CI 14–25) among adults and 22% (95% CI 17–27) among children, with boys showing a higher prevalence than girls. The development of AR in China is associated with several factors, including allergic diseases (eczema, asthma, pollen allergy, and food allergy), a family history of allergy (AR, asthma, and other allergies), and dwelling and working environment (smoking or passive smoking, occupational dust exposure, and owning pets); conversely, breastfeeding can reduce the risk.
Thermodynamic Study of One-step Production from Isobutene to Methyl Methacrylate

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) has emerged as an essential industrial monomer. However, the toxic by-production and shortage supply of MMA in the global market has gained great attention. Herein, a one-step synthesis to produce MMA from isobutene via a direct oxidative esterification process has been demonstrated to curb the aforementioned downsides. Thermodynamic analysis via Gibbs free energy minimization method proved the feasibility of this route via the equilibrium constant. Despite tert-butanol and isobutane showed higher equilibrium constant than isobutene, they should be avoided. Isobutane is highly flammable while the precursor of tert-butanol is exorbitant. Thus, isobutene was selected for the equilibrium compositions screening. Isobutene conversion was 90% and 15% MMA yield at 700 °C and IBN: O2: MeOH ratio with 1:7:1. This route is mainly limited by the generation of side reactions from the reaction of CH3OH and O2. By varying the feedstock ratio at 1:2:1, the MMA yield increased to ~25%. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Transonic solutions of isothermal galactic winds in a cold dark matter halo

We study fundamental properties of steady, spherically symmetric, isothermal galactic outflow in appropriate gravitational potential models. We aim at constructing a universal scale free theory not only for galactic winds, but also for winds from clusters/groups of galaxies. In particular, we consider effects of mass-density distribution on the formation of transonic galactic outflows under several models of the density distribution profile predicted by cosmological simulations of structure formation based on the cold dark matter (CDM) scenario. In this study, we have clarified that there exists two types of transonic solutions: outflows from the central region and from distant region with a finite radius, depending upon the density distribution of the system. The system with sufficiently steep density gradient at the center is allowed to have the transonic outflows from the center. The resultant criterion intriguingly indicates that the density gradient at the center must be steeper than that of the prediction of conventional CDM model including Navarro, Frenk & White (1997) and Moore et al. (1999). This result suggests that an additional steeper density distribution originated by baryonic systems such as the stellar component and/or the central massive black hole is required to realize transonic outflow from the central region. On the other hand, we predict the outflow, which is started at the outskirts of the galactic center and is slowly-accelerated without any drastic energy injection like starburst events. These transonic outflows may contribute secularly to the metal enrichment of the intergalactic medium.
RESPONSE OF ALFALFA-BUFFEL GRASS MIXTURE TO ARMYARD MANURE AND SULFUR FERTILIZATION UNDER CALCAREOUS SOIL CONDITIONS

Two field experiments were performed at Mariut Research Station, Desert Research Center (DRC) during 1993 and 1994 growing seasons to study the effect of three cropping patterns i.e. alfalfa pure stand, buffel grass pure stand and alfalfa/buffel grass mixture; three organic manure rates viz., 10, 20 and 30 m 3 /fed. , in addition to two rates of sulfur i.e. 0.4 and 0.8 ton/fed. on some growth parameters and forage yield. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. The results can be summarized as follows: at most cuts taken with few exceptions. In addition, no significant responses were detected for forage yield due to sulfur application. 4. Interaction between the main factors had significant effects on some growth and yield characters at some cuts of both seasons.
Locality: A Theory and Some of Its Empirical Consequences

Part 1 The locality problem: the theoretical problem and some residual empirical ones the barriers solution antecedent-based solutions connectedness solutions the locality solution. Part 2 Locality theory for movement: subjacency antecedent government unification of subjacency and antecedent government head government unification of antecedent government and head government subjects and PPs A-movement and head movement (complex) NP islands. Part 3 Extensions: the referential/nonreferential distinction pseudo-opacity, inner, and factive islands Wh-islands and tense islands (definite) DP islands selective island sensitivity. Part 5 Locality theory for binding: unification of locality theory for movement and binding binding into DPs Italian reciprocals the locality parameter.
Non-Abelian Topological Order on the Surface of a 3D Topological Superconductor from an Exactly Solved Model

Three dimensional topological superconductors (TScs) protected by time reversal (T) symmetry are characterized by gapless Majorana cones on their surface. Free fermion phases with this symmetry (class DIII) are indexed by an integer n, of which n=1 is realized by the B-phase of superfluid Helium-3. Previously it was believed that the surface must be gapless unless time reversal symmetry is broken. Here we argue that a fully symmetric and gapped surface is possible in the presence of strong interactions, if a special type of topological order appears on the surface. The topological order realizes T symmetry in an anomalous way, one that is impossible to achieve in purely two dimensions. For odd n TScs, the surface topological order must be non-Abelian. We propose the simplest non-Abelian topological order that contains electron like excitations, SO(3)_6, with four quasiparticles, as a candidate surface state. Remarkably, this theory has a hidden T invariance which however is broken in any 2D realization. By explicitly constructing an exactly soluble Walker-Wang model we show that it can be realized at the surface of a short ranged entangled 3D fermionic phase protected by T symmetry, with bulk electrons trasforming as Kramers pairs, i.e. T^2=-1 under time reversal. We also propose an Abelian theory, the semion-fermion topological order, to realize an even n TSc surface, for which an explicit model is derived using a coupled layer construction. We argue that this is related to the n=2 TSc, and use this to build candidate surface topological orders for n=4 and n=8 TScs. The latter is equivalent to the three fermion state which is the surface topological order of a Z2 bosonic topological phase protected by T invariance. One particular consequence of this is that an n=16 TSc admits a trivially gapped T-symmetric surface.
On Thurston's pullback map

Let f: P^1 \to P^1 be a rational map with finite postcritical set P_f. Thurston showed that f induces a holomorphic map \sigma_f of the Teichmueller space T modelled on P_f to itself fixing the basepoint corresponding to the identity map (P^1, P_f) \to (P^1, P_f). We give explicit examples of such maps f showing that the following cases may occur: (1) the basepoint is an attracting fixed point, the image of \sigma_f is open and dense, and the map \sigma_f is a covering map onto its image; (2) the basepoint is a superattracting fixed point, \sigma is surjective, and \sigma is a ramified Galois covering, (3) \sigma_f is constant.
Effect of Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization on Hamstring Flexibility in Children with Diplegic Cerebral Palsy

Background: Generally, muscles of children with cerebral palsy (CP) lack flexibility. Muscle flexibility is a basic element for muscle action and an important milestone in the rehabilitation program for children with CP. Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) is indicated for tissue extensibility dysfunction. Objective : To investigate the short-term effect of IASTM on hamstring flexibility of children with diplegic CP. Patients and Methods: This study included thirty children diagnosed as diplegic CP with mild to moderate spasticity, their ages ranged from 4 to 8 years of both genders (13 girls and 17 boys). They were assigned into two equal groups; control group received conventional physical therapy program and study group received same program of controls in addition to IASTM application on hamstrings of both sides. All participated children received session two times weekly for two successive weeks. The Knee extension angle test was used to assess hamstring flexibility before and after treatment (immediate effect after the first session and post 2 weeks). Results : There was a significant difference in hamstring flexibility after treatment sessions of both groups compared with pretreatment. The study group was significantly improved in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Adding IASTM to the physical therapy program was found to improve hamstring flexibility in children with diplegic CP after application of four sessions.
Automated Solar Feature Detection for Space Weather Applications

The solar surface and atmosphere are highly dynamic plasma environments, which evolve over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. Large-scale eruptions, such as coronal mass ejections, can be accelerated to millions of kilometres per hour in a matter of minutes, making their automated detection and characterisation challenging. Additionally, there are numerous faint solar features, such as coronal holes and coronal dimmings, which are important for space weather monitoring and forecasting, but their low intensity and sometimes transient nature makes them problematic to detect using traditional image processing techniques. These difficulties are compounded by advances in ground- and space- based instrumentation, which have increased the volume of data that solar physicists are confronted with on a minute-by-minute basis; NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory for example is returning many thousands of images per hour (~1.5 TB/day). This chapter reviews recent advances in the application of images processing techniques to the automated detection of active regions, coronal holes, filaments, CMEs, and coronal dimmings for the purposes of space weather monitoring and prediction.
Outcomes of the Greater Trochanter Epiphysiodesis in Treatment of Children with Hip Pathology

Background: Many hip diseases in children can affect growth of the greater trochanter (GT), as a result, it is raised in relation to the femoral head. This disturbs normal biomechanics of hip joint and affect hip abductors. This problem is called Relative overgrowth of the greater trochanter (ROGT). Aim of the study: Analysis of the radiological parameters of proximal femur after trochanteric epiphysiodesis. Patients and Methods: Twenty child with unilateral ROGT were included in this prospective study. Epiphysiodesis was done by multiple drill holes and a screw with washer. We analysed the short-term radiological outcomes of 20 individuals after treatment. Results: The surgery can stop growth of GT by about 48.6% (p < 0.05) in comparison with normal side indicating that the greater trochanter tip did not displace in relation to the head of the femur with time. Conclusion: Greater trochanteric epiphysiodesis (GTE) can prevent the progression of moderate femoral head epiphysis growth plate problems and, in some cases, restore the normal shape of proximal femur, avoid the need to more invasive surgery.