Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new method to identify rotor–stator rubbing positions based on intrinsic time scale decomposition

To effectively identify the rotor–stator rubbing positions in aero-engine, the paper has proposed the combination of intrinsic time-scale decomposition (ITD) and classification algorithm. Regarding that with larger noise component in proper rotation component (PRC) signals after ITD, it will be more difficult to extract the characteristic information of rubbing faults, the PRC correspondings to the largest noise was eliminated. Meanwhile, signals were reconstructed based on residual proper rotation components, and positions of rubbing faults were identified according to the reconstructed signal. As rubbing extent and other factors cannot be completely the same in each rubbing, energy of reconstructed signal has been normalized to reduce the difference. Normalized energy indexes were inputted into classification algorithm as feature vectors to identify the positions of rubbing faults. To identify the superiority of approach, a comparison has been made between the proposed approach and the method of directly extracting normalized energy indexes of acceleration signals. The result of comparison shows that the two methods both work well in the identification rate of training and test samples; as for the identification rate for an unknown sample, the proposed method is superior to the other, with identification rate increasing by 17% and 9.4%.
The Reviews on Sustainable and Responsible Investment (SRIs) Practices According to Maqasid Shariah and Maslahah Perspectives

The present study aims to explore SRIs practices based on Maqasid Shariah and Maslahah's points of view. A qualitative method via content analysis document was advocated to address the link between all concepts. The analysis revealed that SRIs, Maqasid Shariah and Maslahah share similar aims and goals to promote better environmental practices and social and governance issues. Thus, the paper concludes that the concept of SRIs does not contradict Maqasid Shariah and Maslahah in Islamic perspectives. However, a few criteria in the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) concept that govern the SRIs practices like promoting human rights, freedom of expression, and censorship need further clarification to align with Shariah principles. The paper can enlighten the reader, especially in terms of the capabilities of SRIs practices (which is from West philosophy) to suit Maqasid Shariah and Maslahah in Islamic perspectives.JEL Classification: G2, G4, I13, N2How to Cite:Wahab, M. Z. H. , & Naim, A. M. (2021). The Reviews on Sustainable and Responsible Investment (SRIs) Practices According to Maqasid Shariah and Maslahah Perspectives. Etikonomi, 20(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2. 18053.
Comparative Study of New and Traditional Estimators of a New Lifetime Model

In this article, we have studied the behavior of estimators of parameter of a new lifetime model, suggested by Maurya et al. (2016), obtained by using methods of moments, maximum likelihood, maximum product spacing, least squares, weighted least squares, percentile, Cramer-von-Mises, Anderson-Darling and Right-tailed Anderson-Darling. Comparison of the estimators has been done on the basis of their mean square errors, biases, absolute and maximum absolute differences between empirical and estimated distribution function and a newly proposed criterion. We have also obtained the asymptomatic confidence interval and associated coverage probability for the parameter.
Chenodeoxycholic Acid Has Non-Thermogenic, Mitodynamic Anti-Obesity Effects in an In Vitro CRISPR/Cas9 Model of Bile Acid Receptor TGR5 Knockdown

Bile acids (BA) have shown promising effects in animal models of obesity. However, the said effects are thought to rely on a thermogenic effect, which is questionably present in humans. A previous work has shown that the BA chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) can revert obesity and accelerate metabolism in animal and cell culture models. Thus, the aim of this study was to understand if this obesity reduction is indeed thermogenically-dependent. A CRISPR/Cas9 model of TGR5 (BA receptor) knockdown in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was developed to diminish thermogenic effects. Various parameters were assessed, including mitochondrial bioenergetics by Seahorse flux analysis, oxidative stress and membrane potential by fluorometry, intermediary metabolism by NMR, protein content assessment by Western Blot, gene expression by qPCR, and confocal microscopy evaluation of mitophagy. CDCA was still capable, for the most part, of reversing the harmful effects of cellular obesity, elevating mitophagy and leading to the reduction of harmed mitochondria within the cells, boosting mitochondrial activity, and thus energy consumption. In summary, CDCA has a non-thermogenic, obesity reducing capacity that hinges on a healthy mitochondrial population, explaining at least some of these effects and opening avenues of human treatment for metabolic diseases.
High burden of hypertension amongst adult population in rural districts of Northwest Ethiopia: A call for community based intervention

Background Hypertension is a serious public health issue in Ethiopia, but there is a paucity of evidence in the country’s rural areas. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among adults in rural districts in northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to October 2020. The 1177 study participants were chosen using a multistage sampling procedure. A face-to-face interview was conducted using an adapted version of the WHO STEPwise approach questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured three times using an aneroid sphygmomanometer, and the mean of the last two readings were used for the analysis. Data was entered using Epidata and analyzed using STATA-16. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with hypertension. Results Of the total participants, 218 (18.5%) were found to be hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension consistently increases with age. Hypertension was positively and significantly associated with female sex ((adjusted odd ratio (AOR) = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.53, 3.45)), age group 45–54 years (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.01, 21.37), 55–64 years (AOR = 14.40, 95% CI: 3.07, 67.63), ≥65 years (AOR = 19.37, 95% CI: 4.03, 93.09), having history of alcohol consumption (AOR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.17, 9.02), used much amount of salt (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.53, 3.60) and too much amount of salt (AOR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.85, 7.72), sleeping for a short duration (AOR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.30, 3.24), and having family history of hypertension (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI; 1.32, 3.39). Conclusions Hypertension was significantly high among the rural population we studied and is emerging as a public health problem. Female sex, advanced age, ever used alcohol, excessive salt intake, insufficient sleep, and a family history of hypertension were factors that were positively and significantly associated with hypertension. We recommend local health authorities integrate promotion of hypertension health education, lifestyle modification intervention on salt and alcohol reduction, and hypertension detection, particularly for the female and elderly population, at the health post level to avert the problem.
Emerging Countries

With a growing presence on the world stage, the BRICS nations—Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—are expanding their influence and impact worldwide. These countries can address global health issues as they build their own health systems. They are growing in significance, separately as nations and collectively as a center of gravity. They are assuming multiplying roles in global health, including funding, knowledge generation and dissemination, technical assistance and policy advice, empowerment and agency enhancement, advocacy, surveillance and outbreak response, and health system development. Their emerging economies and health systems link them closely to the developing world’s concerns, while their growing economic and political influence draws them into the company of industrialized countries and gives them a more powerful voice in global affairs. Their emergence as global health actors may call more attention to developing countries’ perspectives and needs.
Regional variation in women’s education-fertility nexus in Northern and Western Europe

The relationship between female education and fertility is a long-standing topic in demography, our understanding of which continues to develop. Since the turn of the century, a growing body of research has documented cross-national variation in the female educational gradient in fertility, with mostly positive gradients in Western and Northern European countries. However, such national gradients may mask important variation in the educational gradient in fertility at the subnational level. This study is among the first to use large-scale individual-level administrative data to study regional educational gradients in parity-specific fertility in Northern and Western European countries: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. Adopting hazard models and model-based Synthetic Parity Progression Ratios, our results highlight considerable subnational regional variation in the educational gradient in first, second and third births. We conclude that, in addition to variation between countries, substantial within-country regional variation deserves to receive future scholarly attention. The documentation of regional variation in the female education-fertility nexus is a substantial extension of cross-national comparisons and contributes to the empirical and theoretical debate on the context-contingencies of the education-fertility nexus.
Warfarin Sodium Stability in Oral Formulations

Warfarin sodium is a low-dose pharmaceutical blood thinner that exists in two forms: the clathrate form and the amorphous form. In commercially available warfarin sodium oral suspension, the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is added in the amorphous state. This study investigates the apparent instability of the commercially available warfarin liquid oral formulation using Raman and IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, UV spectroscopy, and optical microscopy. Warfarin, not its sodium salt, was identified as the undissolved solid existing in the suspension. This was found to be due to the dissociation of sodium salt and the protonation of the warfarin ion in the liquid phase, which triggered the crystallization of the sparingly soluble unsalted form. The coexistence of protonated and unprotonated warfarin ions in the supernatant, as detected by Raman and UV spectroscopy, confirmed this assumption. Study of the dissolution of warfarin sodium amorphous salt and crystalline sodium clathrate in the placebo and pure water verified the results. The effect of pH and temperature on warfarin precipitation was also explored.
The Shape of Informatics: A UK Perspective

The term Informatics is not widely used in UK Higher Education. Computing, Computer Science and Information Science are more commonly used descriptors and many other variations exist. Approximately five percent of departments concerned with the discipline actually use the word Informatics in their title, whilst UCAS, the UK organisation which centrally manages university undergraduate applications, does not include Informatics in its subject index. However the various fields of study encompassed by the European instantiations of the Informatics discipline are widely researched, taught and studied throughout UK Higher Education. If we are to successfully pursue international collaboration, then understanding the realisation of the discipline in the UK and how it relates to understanding in other countries, is important and necessary to support constructive future discussion, planning and action. This paper presents data collected via surveys of existing practice, individual interviews and group discussions. It offers an analysis of current practice alongside speculation as to the future direction of our fields of study in the short and medium term.
Secure ADS-B: Towards Airborne Communications Security in the Federal Aviation Administration's Next Generation Air Transportation System

Abstract : The U.S. Congress has mandated that all aircraft operating within the National Airspace System, military or civilian, be equipped with ADS-B transponders by the year 2020. The ADS-B aircraft tracking system, part of the Federal Aviation Administration's NextGen overhaul of the Air Transportation System, replaces Radar-based surveillance with a more accurate satellite-based surveillance system. However, the unencrypted nature of ADS-B communication poses an operational security risk to military and law enforcement aircraft conducting sensitive missions. The non-standard format of its message and the legacy communication channels used by its transponders make the ADS-B system unsuitable for traditional encryption mechanisms. FPE, a recent development in cryptography, provides the ability to encrypt arbitrarily formatted data without padding or truncation. Indeed, three new algorithms recommended by the NIST, may be suitable for encryption of ADS-B messages. This research assesses the security and hardware performance characteristics of the FF1, FF2, and FF3 algorithms, in terms of entropy of ciphertext, operational latency and resource utilization when implemented on a Field-Programmable Gate Array. While all of the algorithms inherit the security characteristics of the underlying AES block cipher, they exhibit differences in their performance profiles. Findings demonstrate that a Bump-in-the-Wire FPE cryptographic engine is a suitable solution for retrofitting encryption to ADS-B communication.
Liquid-liquid Dispersion in Batch and In-line Rotor-Stator Mixers

Title of Document: LIQUID-LIQUID DISPERSION IN BATCH AND IN-LINE ROTOR STATOR MIXERS Paul Edwin Rueger, PhD, 2013 Directed By: Professor Richard V. Calabrese, Dept. of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering This two-part dissertation investigates the behavior of batch and in-line rotor-stator mixers separately. In the first study, water was dispersed into viscous oil using a batch Silverson L4R rotor-stator mixer. The flow regime was determined by reference to published Power number data and by qualitative differences in drop size data. Drop breakup in laminar flow was analyzed by comparison to published single drop breakup experiments in idealized flow fields. The breakup mechanism in laminar flow was similar to that for simple shear flow and equal to about twice the nominal shear rate in the rotor-stator gap. Drop breakup in turbulent flow followed a mechanistic correlation for mean drop size for drops less than the Kolmogorov microscale, but still large enough that both inertial and viscous effects were manifest. Surfactants decreased drop size with Marangoni effects observed near the CMC for laminar, but not for turbulent flow. Below phase fractions of  = 0.05, d32 increased in a log-linear fashion with phase fraction for all conditions tested including: laminar and turbulent flow, presence of surfactant, and hydrophobically treated high-shear surfaces. The significant effect of phase fraction was caused by the flow structure being locally laminar near the drops, and was permitted by sufficiently low fluid viscosities which promoted film drainage. Above phase fractions of  = 0.1, drop sizes plateaued. This was attributed to decreasing coalescence rate and efficiency, along with increasing breakup. In the second study, the power consumption of an IKA 2000/4 in-line pilot scale rotor-stator mixer was measured with a purpose-built torque meter. The power spent by the mixer on pumping was insignificant compared to viscous dissipation. A constant power number was obtained for turbulent flow using constant power per stage with an empirically determined effective diameter for each generator type. For conditions where mean drop size was close to equilibrium, as determined by flowrate independence, previously reported mean drop size data were calculated using the well-known inertial subrange scaling law along with the power draw measurements of the present study. The maximum local energy dissipation rate was found to be nine times the average energy dissipation rate. LIQUID-LIQUID DISPERSION IN BATCH AND IN-LINE ROTOR STATOR MIXERS
Information capability of the thermal radiation noise (Analytical overview)

The main purpose of this overview is to make an effort at joining the widely spread practical tendency of “damping the noise” with the non-apparent but presumably perspective thesis “using the noise” through the realization of “information properties of noise”. The paper deals with physical peculiarities of the equilibrium thermal radiation, which have been considered within the black body model for the case of ultimate restrained photon flows inside an ideal (“lossless”) optical communication channel. Restrictions connected with the uncertainty relations have been used to determine critical interrelations between the thermal radiation parameters and the sizes of the thermal radiator and the ideal photodetector. The conception of the “intrinsic micro-amounts of chaos” has been proposed, and its usefulness was discussed. Principle feasibility has been considered for a distant identification of a small-sized thermal radiator by means of detecting its thermal radiation. A single small-size radiator has been phenomenologically treated within the black body model. It has been shown that it is possible to obtain a quantitative evaluation of the temperature and the size of a small-size radiator through measurement of the thermal radiation fluctuations in case when the optical image of the radiator is unavailable.
Vibration Analysis of a Hand-Held Percussion Tool Coupled with the Hand-Arm System

Exposure to hand-transmitted vibration (HTV) arising from hand power tools has long been associated with several disorders of the hand and arm, which are collectively termed as hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). Owing to high prevalence of HAVS among the operators of the power tools, particularly the percussive tools, the desire to develop low vibration tool designs, has been widely recognized. The design of vibration isolators or assessment of vibration performance of tools necessitates development of dynamic model of the tool coupled with that of the hand-arm system (HAS) to account for energy absorption within the HAS. This dissertation research is aimed at development of dynamic model of a percussive chipping hammer together with a biomechanical model of the hand-arm system. The model could serve as an essential tool for identifying effective vibration attenuation design features. The dynamic model of the tool is formulated considering identifications of various component contact pairs and the air flows between the primary piston and the striker. A tool tip-workpiece contact model is integrated to the tool model to describe the interactions between the tool and an energy dissipator. A biomechanical model of the hand-arm system is implemented to the tool model to develop a coupled hand-tool system, which could be applied to determine the hand vibration responses as a function of the push force. The properties of different impact pairs are identified from the theory of visco-elastic collision between rigid bodies. The validity of the hand-tool model is examined on the basis of available measured data under selected levels of the hand push force. A simple model of an anti-vibration glove is further introduced to study its effectiveness in limiting the vibration exposure. The simulation results show that the percussive tool model coupled with the biomechanical hand-arm model can yield reasonably good trends in view of the hand-transmitted vibration. The results suggest that the tool vibration transmitted to the hand is more sensitive to variations in push force and the operating speed. Slight increases in the diameter of the upper chamber orifices and the weight of the tool body, together with lower the striker mass, could yield notable reductions in the magnitudes of vibration transmitted to the hand-arm system. The results further show that the anti-vibration gloves yield very minimal vibration attenuation.
The Attitude of Patients from a Romanian Tertiary Cardiology Center Regarding Participation in Biomarker-Based Clinical Trials

Background and Objectives: biomarker-based studies are the cornerstone of precision medicine, providing key data for tailored medical care. Enrollment of the planned number of patients is a critical determinant of a successful clinical trial. Moreover, for inclusive medical care, patients from different socio-demographic backgrounds must be recruited. Still, a significant number of trials fail to reach these prerequisites. Designing the informed consent forms based on the patients’ feedback could optimize accrual. We aimed to explore the attitudes of patients from a Romanian tertiary cardiology center towards participation in biomarker-based clinical trials. Materials and Methods: three hundred forty inpatients were interviewed based on a semi-structured questionnaire which included four sections: demographics, personal medical history, attitudes and trust. Results: Roughly, 62.5% of the respondents were interested in enrolling, while altruistic reasons were the most frequently expressed. Clear exposure of the possible risks was most valued (37.78%), followed by the possibility of directly communicating with the research team (23.78%). The most frequently chosen answer by acutely ill patients was improvement of their health, whereas chronically ill individuals indicated the possibility of withdrawal without affecting the quality of medical care. Importantly, the participation rate could be improved if the invitation to enrollment were made by both the current physician and the study coordinator (p = 0.0001). The level of trust in researchers was high in more than 50% of the respondents, and was correlated with therapeutic compliance and with the desire to join a biomarker study. Conclusions: the information gained will facilitate a tailored approach to patient enrollment in future biomarker-based studies in our clinic.