Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Domestic Debt Management and Government Revenue in Nigeria

The study examined the impact of domestic debt management on government revenue in Nigeria. The study employs primary data through questionnaire, administered to respondents. The sample size was 306, which was determined through Krejcie & Morgan (1970) formula. Logit regression technique was used for data analysis. The results reveal that domestic debt management proxied by Effective Debt Maturity Policy (EDMP), Effective Management of Inflation and Monetary Instability (EMIMI), Transparency and Accountability in Government (TAG), and Interest Rate Control and Effective Management of Debt Structure (IRCEMDS) has a positive relationship with government revenue as the tcalculated of 0.591 is greater than t-tabulated of 0.560 at 5% level of significance, but not statistically significant. This is shown with the P = 0.528 > 0.05 with t-statistics of 0.591. The empirical investigation shows that domestic debt management will have inverse relationship with inefficiency in government revenue utilization. The study recommends among others for a more proactive domestic debt management team for better utilization of
Spatial Fairness and Changes in Transport Infrastructure in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area from 1976 to 2016

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau area (QTP) is the most unique environmental-population region and an important natural laboratory for the study of human-land relations. The poor transportation conditions have long restricted socio-economic development. The research on the transport infrastructure and spatial effect in the QTP is of significance to the sustainable development of the region. Accordingly, a spatial accessibility model was used to analyze the spatial pattern of accessibility in QTP from 1976–2016, examine the accessibility evolution trend on the township scale and reveal the spatial fairness and changes in accessibility. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The accessibility to major cities improved and the time-space convergence effect was significant. (2) The spatial autocorrelation analysis results showed that the improvement in transport infrastructure had a significant impact on the agglomeration of the accessibility level. (3) Access time from towns to the nearest major city are much shorter. More Tibetan people have more opportunities to access cities. (4) The accessibility coefficient and relative accessibility revealed distributive effects and spatial fairness of accessibility. (5) The global coefficient of variation value demonstrated an increasing trend, which indicates that spatial unfairness of transport is increasing.
Exploring the perception of expressivity and interaction within musical dyads

visual representations of biological motion using the point-light technique has been demonstrated that provide adequate information in order to recognize different activities, such as running, walking, or playing a musical instrument (Johansson, 1973). Visual cues have primary importance for the perception of expressive intentions (Davidson, 1993). Davidson studied solo pianists and showed that the visual channel dominates our music perception. Visual information seems adequate to recognize nominal emotional qualities, such as happy, sad, anger (Dahl & Friberg, 2007), and it has been used to recognize expressive conductors’ gestures (Luck, Toiviainen, & Thompson, 2010). Furthermore, the importance of appreciation of music is enhanced using audio-visual stimuli (Platz & Kopiez, 2012), and several reports have shown crossmodal interactions between vision and sound (Chapados & Levitin, 2008; Vuoskoski et al., 2016). 2.3 Music Interaction Representation is how we conceptualize phenomena in order to facilitate our understanding, whereas interaction is the way that our experience is being shaped by them. Interaction in musical terms is multifaceted and it may refer to different aspects of the musical realm, from instrument-performer and human-computer interaction, to performeraudience, performer-performer and teacher-learner interaction. As we have noted in the section 2.1. 3 the current study explored the aspect of social interaction within dyadic performance. In that respect we investigated music interaction in the context of performerperformer interaction. It is prerequisite that both individuals are aware that they are sharing a common experience in order to achieve a collaborative action (Tomasello & Carpenter, 2007). Gestures are considered as having a primitive role compared to that of concepts (Gill, 2015), and it has been noted that they may served as a prelinguistic form of communication (Sebanz et al., 2006). The evolution of language is of particular importance in the human evolution, as it enabled the flourish of art and science (Daniels & Bright, 1996, p. 265). 2.4 Musical Gestures Music and movement are tightly bind with each other. Nonverbal cues have a catalytic role in music performance. We move our bodies in response to music, and we are being moved from musicians expressive intentions. In that respect musical gestures play an important role in the perception and appreciation of music by the audience. Musical
The influence of the construction of raised pedestrian crossing on traffic conditions on urban segments

One of solutions that is often used in recent times in street networks is vertical shift in pavement level at mid-block pedestrian crossings. This measure is aimed at reducing vehicle speed and increasing the motorist yield rate. Research results about the influence of raised mid-block pedestrian crossings on pedestrian and driver behaviour are presented through analysis of traffic flow parameters. The research was conducted at a mid-block signalised pedestrian crossing prior to and after rehabilitation of that crossing.
In situ localization of diacylglycerol lipase α and β producing an endocannabinoid 2‐arachidonoylglycerol and of cannabinoid receptor 1 in the primary oocytes of postnatal mice

In order to understand the mechanism of the endocannabinoid (eCB) signal, which has so far been shown to work in oocyte genesis and maturation, it is critical to clarify detailed localization of the eCB synthesizing enzyme molecules as well as receptors for eCBs in oocytes in the ovary in situ. For this purpose, diacylglycerol lipase (DGL) α and β are involved in the synthesis of an eCB 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG). DGLα/β and the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) for 2‐AG were shown to be localized to the primary oocytes of postnatal mice using immuno‐light and electron microscopy. It was found that two types of localization existed: first, immunoreactivities for DGLα and β were weakly detected throughout the ooplasm in light microscopy for which the intracellular membranes of vesicles forming tiny scattered aggregates were responsible. Secondly, DGLβ‐immunoreactivity was distinctly confined to the nuage of Balbiani bodies and small nuage‐derivative structures; both amorphous materials and membranes of vesicles were responsible for their localization. On the other hand, the weak immunoreactivity for CB1 was localized in a pattern similar to the first one for DGLs, but not found in a pattern for the Balbiani nuage. Two routes of functional exertion of 2‐AG synthesized by DGLs were suggested from the two types of localization: one was that the eCB synthesized at all the sites of DGLs is released from the oocytes and exerts paracrine or autocrine effects on adjacent intra‐ovarian cells as well as the oocytes themselves. The other was that the eCB synthesized within the nuage was involved in the modulation of the posttranscriptional processing of oocytes. Owing to the failure in the detection of CB1 in the Balbiani nuage, however, the validity of the latter possibility remains to be elucidated.
Read This, Please? The Role of Politeness in Customer Service Engagement on Social Media

People are increasingly turning to social media for help. According to a recent report by Twitter, over 5.5M customer service-related tweets are generated per month. In this work, we aim to explore firms’ strategy when engaging customers regarding their concerns and complaints on Twitter. Specifically, we focus on how politeness, a linguistic factor indicating how a customer is questioning or complaining rather than the content of a query, affects firms' customer service engagement strategy. We develop a novel text mining methodology to mine politeness from tweets. Using this approach, our estimation results show several interesting results, including that firms are more likely to respond to more polite customers, and that this effect is augmented for customers with high social status. However, firms are more likely to engage impolite customers with a high social status in a private channel such as through direct messaging.
Leveraging BIM in Settlement Monitoring and Impact Management for Subway Excavation

Due to fast urbanization of the city, underground structures such as subways have been widely used to reduce the impacts on aboveground activities and to increase the availability of space by going underground. Since these structures are often constructed in a crowd area of the city, accidents caused by them may easily result in serious damage to nearby structures and underground pipes, which, of cause would delay the whole project. Generally, ground settlement is taken as the major impact for adjacent environment and schedule. It is essential to monitor and evaluate the impacts during construction of underground structures, especially for underground excavation. To address these issues, the concept of Building Information Modeling (BIM) was employed in settlement monitoring and impact management for underground projects. BIM is a technology adopted to decrease the complexity and duplication of the work with a better capacity for information integration, visualization and sharing. In this research, an information model for settlement monitoring and impact management was established, and workflow for settlement monitoring and impact management based on this model was proposed. With the BIM-based construction management system developed before, 3D building model, nearby structure model, excavation schedule model, settlement analysis results and risk warning levels were integrated. By dynamically integrating actual progresses and monitoring data for settlement, possible risks and issues can be identified earlier through comparison between monitoring data and theoretical analysis results with effective visualization of information. Proximal structures and related excavation activities can also be highlighted, assisting project team to address the problem and adjust the schedule appropriately in time. Developed functionalities were tested in the excavation of Suzhouqiao station of line 16 in Beijing to validate their feasibility and effectiveness. Results illustrate that this system will give the users a comprehensive view of the project through better visualization, flexible tools are also provided to assist settlement monitoring and impact management.
Cross-Device Tracking of Employees with Social Networks

Companies around the world spent millions of dollars purchasing state-of-the-art network intrusion detection system to protect their network infrastructure from cyberattacks. Yet, they often neglect to protect employees’ personal mobile devices (PMDs). Adversaries could hack employees’ PMDs when they are outside the protection of the company’s firewalls and potentially exploit them as trojan horses for indirect attacks: such as slipping in malware while employees charge their PMDs using office devices (ODs), or exploiting PMDs’ bluetooth or NFC connection to infiltrate the company’s network via vulnerable intermediaries, or using PMDs’ cameras and microphones as eyes and ears in the company. Given the potential cybersecurity risks that compromised PMDs pose, it will then be important to protect them from being hacked by adversaries and the most straightforward method is to prevent adversaries from even identifying the employees’ PMDs. Su et al. (2017) suggest the possibility of using social media feeds to de-anonymise web browsing traffic, and in this report, we show that this concept can also be exploited to cross track employees’ ODs and their PMDs. Similar to (Su et al., 2017), our approach is based on the idea that each person has a distinctive social network, and thus the links appearing in one’s social media feeds are also unique. But on top of that, we further study how such behaviour evolves when it happens to a group of people belonging to the same social circle. We found that over time, due to the process of snowballing directed triadic closure, members of a social circle are likely to share similar followees and feeds which are unique to that social circle. This allows us to exploit the formula in Su et al. (2017) to 1) deduce employees’ social media accounts using web browsing traffic observed from the company, and 2) verify if an anonymous PMD belongs to an employee using web browsing traffic observed from that PMD. We implement and evaluate our strategy on synthetic web browsing traffic constructed from social circles that are derived from the Twitter social circles dataset from the Stanford Large Network Dataset Collection, and show that accurate deductions (i.e. TPR > 0.8) and verifications (i.e. TPR and TNR > 0.8) are achievable using our strategy. We also explore how the limitations faced by adversaries in reallife applications affect the performance of our strategy. Finally, we demonstrate how to counter our strategy using four different measures and assess their pros and cons.
Effects of Mountains and Urban Areas on Daytime Local-Circulations in the Osaka and Kyoto Regions

In the current study, the effects of topography and urbanization on the daytime local-circulations in the area of the Osaka-Kyoto plain were investigated using a mesoscale atmospheric model. The main results obtained from the numerical and observational data analyses are as follows: 1) The stagnation of the inland penetration of the sea-breeze front that occurs in the peripheral portion of the Tokyo urban area does not clearly occur in the peripheral portion of the Osaka urban area. The stagnation is attributed to the heat-island circulation that develops over the peripheral portion of the urban area. Because the northern peripheral portion of the Osaka urban area faces mountains, the valley circulation weakens the heat-island circulation; the about 600-m mountains surrounding the Osaka and Kyoto urban areas are the most suitable to cause the weakening of the heat-island circulation. The valley circulation also induces the surface-air-temperature increase over the plain, through an adiabatic process due to its downward flow; the temperature increase strengthens the horizontal pressure gradient between the sea-breeze circulation and inland areas. 2) The surface air over the suburban region between the Osaka and Kyoto urban areas remains drier than that over the Osaka and Kyoto urban areas, until the arrival of the sea-breeze front, even though urban areas were thought to be drier than suburban areas. This dryness results from the fact that the valley circulation transports drier air downward from the upper levels over the suburban area, and transports the surface-air moisture supplied from the ground surface into mountainous areas. The valley circulation also appears to play an important role in the transport of pollutants from the suburban area into mountainous areas. 3) A chain flow, which flows downward from the upper levels over the Osaka urban area to the lower levels over the Kyoto urban area, forms ahead of the sea-breeze front. This flow can result in the transport of pollutants emitted from the Osaka urban area into the inland Kyoto area prior to the transport of pollutants by the sea-breeze circulation. Additionally, the chain flow intensifies the downward flow of the valley circulation over the suburban region between the Osaka and Kyoto urban areas.
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN AID, POLICIES AND STATE INSTITUTIONS

This paper re-examines the theoretical aid-growth nexus by expounding on the issues relating to policies designed for aid delivery and the lack of aid recipient's state institutional capability to enforce policy conditionality. Two propositions have been demonstrated to explain why policy conditionality attached to aid might not always promote sustainable economic growth in Least Developed Countries. First, the model has simulated that a stable aid flow contributes to economic growth even when aid is fungible. Second, the model has also simulated that unstable aid inflow impairs the favourable effect of stable aid inflow. It is suggested that the contribution of aid to economic growth depends not only on the ability of aid to increase investment in the recipient country but also the quality of policy conditionality and the state and institutional capability of the recipient country to implement policy conditionality.
Hpws in the Public Sector: Are There Mutual Gains?

Few studies investigate the links between high-performance work systems (HPWS) on public sector organizational performance and worker job attitudes. We fill this gap with analyses of these links using linked employer-employee surveys of workplaces in Britain in 2004 and 2011. We find robust evidence of positive associations between the use of HPWS and organizational performance in the public sector but no associations with worker attitudes. The implication is that, in contrast to similar work on the private sector in the United States (Appelbaum et al., 2000) HPWS is not delivering mutual gains for employers and employees in the British public sector.
Issues on Nonlinear Programming for Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) in Ship Design Framework

This work is concerned with the study and the evaluation of formulations for Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) problems. The latter topic includes very difficult computational aspects, naturally arising from the simultaneous solution of several related optimization problems. In particular, in the naval applications deep interaction among different disciplines (i.e. optimization/feasibility problems) is claimed, in order to provide the solution. Each discipline concurs to give intermediate results to other disciplines, until the convergence of the overall framework is reached. The usual nonlinear programming techniques, including multiobjective optimization methods, seem still inadequate to cope with most of these challenging applications. In this work we first consider some relevant formulations proposed in the literature for MDO. Then, we consider the relationship between MDO and NonLinear Programming (NLP), with specific reference to feasibility and convergence analysis. Preliminary numerical results on a ship design application are included.
The Effects of Different Fungi on the IL-1β Expression in Mouse Dendritic Cells

Background: Invasive fungal infection received more and more attention because of its high mortality, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus is the most common pathogenic fungus for systematic fungal infection, A. lentulus was isolated and identified recently and named as a sister of A. fumigatus. Objectives: The current study aimed to explore the concentration and time-dependent relationships of the virulence of fungi due to the change in the Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) level. Methods: Candida albicans, A. fumigatus, and A. lentulus suspensions with a multiplicity of infection = 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 units were used to treat mouse dendritic cells. The IL-β level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the treatment was administered. Results: The main effects and interactions between the multiplicity of infection, intervention duration, and the dependent variable of IL-1β were significant. Besides, there were statistically significant differences. Only C. albicans and A. lentulus could induce IL-1β 48 hours after administration. Furthermore, the production of IL-1β induced by A. fumigatus was higher than that induced by A. lentulus and C. albicans. Conclusions: This study demonstrated concentration- and time-dependent relationships in IL-1β production by dendritic cells induced by three types of fungi. Candida albicans and A. lentulus exhibited a slow phase-in in vitro inflammation induction. The inflammatory response induced by A. fumigatusin vitro has the characteristics of a short action time and a strong toxic effect. Finally, A. lentulus is less virulent than A. fumigatus, and its inflammation-inducing time is relatively longer.
Practice of Coronavirus Disease-19 Prevention Methods and Associated Factors in Three Zones of Southwest Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional study

Background Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an emerging contagious respiratory infection that brings a big puzzle to global health. In Ethiopia, the number of cases and related deaths are increasing exponentially. Prevention is currently available effective management, and its implementation has not been assessed adequately.Objective To assess the COVID-19 prevention practices in three zones of Southwest Ethiopia.Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bench Sheko, Kafa, and West Omo zones. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 845 study participants. The data collection tool was adapted from the WHO resources and related literature. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Participants who scored at least a mean score of practice questions were categorized as having good practice. Binary logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with the practice.Results In this study, 803 participants participated. About two-thirds (64.7%) of the respondents had a history of going to crowded places, while only 30.3% of the participants had a history of wearing a mask when leaving home. Two-thirds of the respondents had a history of maintaining their distance at 2 meters (64.4%) and washing their hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizers (64.8%). Generally, less than two-thirds (59.4%) of study participants had a good practice of COVID-19 prevention methods. Urban residence, good knowledge, positive attitude, intention to seek care, and perceived mortality were positively associated with good practice.Conclusion The proportion of individuals who had good COVID-19 prevention practices was inadequate. For such highly infectious diseases, prevention should be the priority intervention, and improving its implementation needs further effort. Community-based interventions such as risk communication and mass education should center on scaling up community knowledge and practice by prioritizing vulnerable groups such as rural residents.