Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Community Gun Violence Exposure among Urban Youth: An Overlooked Externality of Endemic Gun Violence in the United States

Gun violence is a daily reality for many youth in the United States (U.S). As mass shootings at concerts, schools, and places of worship have incited a national reckoning with the country’s unwavering defense of gun rights over safety legislation, ensuing research has justifiably focused on the direct victims of gun homicides. Yet the public health impact of gun violence goes beyond these heavily publicized mass shootings, with chronic community violence constituting the vast majority of gun violence events. Low-income Black and brown youth are most at risk of secondhand exposure to chronic community gun violence. Despite this persistent and harmful exposure, research into the downstream effects of community gun violence on youth has lagged. This review aimed to assess the state of evidence on indirect exposure to community gun violence among low-income urban youth in the U.S. PubMed, Web of Science (core collection), ProQuest, and SCOPUS were searched for peer-reviewed articles exploring the scope, risk factors, and impacts of community gun violence exposure on this population. The primary findings suggest that exposure to community gun violence is common in certain communities and detrimental to youth development. The broad themes emerging from this review include (1) a lack of consensus regarding the range of experiences that constitute community gun violence, (2) exposure to violence involving a firearm as distinct from that with other weapons, (3) a need to conceptualize multiple dimensions of gun violence exposure, (4) differential impacts of exposure to community gun violence across developmental stages, and (5) how indirect gun violence exposure uniquely contributes to cycles of community violence. Future research should move toward a consistent typology, multidimensional conceptualization, and developmental- and context-specific examination of community gun violence exposure.
Challenges, Coping Mechanisms and the Support Accorded to Student-mothers in Academic Pursuit: A Case Study of Egerton University, Nakuru County

Education is an important aspect in development as it strengthens nations and empowers people thus making it critical to Kenya’s attainment of Vision 2030. Education benefits society, communities, and individuals across the globe. Today, there is a high number of student mothers in institutions of higher learning whereby the demands in academic pursuit conflicts with motherhood responsibilities thus affecting their academic performance. Despite the existence of guidelines and policies on return to school, student mothers continue to face challenges in pursuit for education. The aim of this study was to examine determinants of schooling challenges, coping mechanisms and the support accorded to student mothers in their pursuit for higher education. The study adopted role conflict theory. A cross-sectional survey research design was used for this study. The study population was 360 student mothers. Simple random sampling procedure was used to obtain a sample size of 101 respondents. The data was collected using interview schedules and semi structured questionnaires. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. From the study findings, 80% of the respondents reported that economic challenge was a hindrance to academic performance. The findings indicated that 92% of the respondents had time management hurdle with respect to lecture attendance, co- curricular activities, childcare responsibilities, and domestic chores, academic trips, taking the child to clinic, assignments submission, academic group discussions and academic trainings. About 96% of respondents agreed that they received family support to meet day to day expenses while learning. From the study findings this study proposes the loan award criteria by HELB should be revised to incorporate student mothers as special group of loan applicants. Greater institutional and family support should be encouraged in order to strengthen positive coping mechanisms by student mothers in dealing with unavailability of adequate financial and family support.
A modified Dolph-Chebyshev approach for the synthesis of low sidelobe beampatterns with adjustable beamwidth

A new method for the synthesis of low sidelobe beampatterns is presented, which enables beamwidth and sidelobe level to be adjusted with relative independence. Unlike existing methods for the synthesis of arbitrary beampatterns, the proposed method is based on a modification of the Dolph-Chebyshev design and requires only a few parameters to be optimized, regardless of the array size. Due to its much lower complexity, the method is implementable in wireless communications applications requiring fast and cheap, adaptive algorithms for low sidelobe arrays. The method is applicable, for instance, to the design of adaptive sector-like antennas with uniform circular arrays (UCAs), and to the design of quasi-steering-invariant beampatterns with uniform linear arrays (ULAs).
Learning Supply Chain Management with Fun: An Online Simulation Game Approach

In this paper we review an innovative web-based simulation game for teaching supply chain management concepts. Different from many existing turn-based simulation games, this game simulates a real-world 24/7 environment where students can make supply chain decisions and apply knowledge learned in class. We also discuss how to integrate this educational game into an undergraduate supply chain management class. The game was evaluated in an undergraduate supply chain management class at an AACSB school. The student evaluations indicate that most of the students enjoyed playing the game and preferred this simulation game approach to traditional teaching methods.
Physical Properties of Three Varieties of High-Oil Canola and One Variety of Low-Oil Canola

Abstract. Seed major and minor axes of three canola varieties with high oil content (45H29 at 8%, 10%, and 12% moisture content wet basis, and Invigor 5440 and Nex4 105 at 10% moisture content) and one low-oil canola variety (5525 Clearfield at 10% moisture content) were measured at room temperature. Bulk density, angles of repose, and coefficients of friction against four structural surfaces were determined for two varieties of high-oil canola (Invigor 5440 and Nex4 105) and for mixtures of them (at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) at four moisture contents (8%, 10%, 12%, and 14%). The same physical properties were determined for the third high-oil canola (45H29) and for the low-oil canola (5525 Clearfield) at three moisture contents (8%, 10%, and 12%). The four structural surfaces were galvanized steel, plywood, wood-floated concrete, and steel-troweled concrete. Major and minor axes of 45H29 increased with increasing moisture content. Oil content did not affect the axes of canola seeds. Bulk densities were significantly different between Invigor 5440 and Nex4 105. Mixtures of the high-oil canola varieties had bulk density values between those of the canola varieties that were used in the mixtures. Bulk density decreased with increasing oil content. Angles of repose depended more on canola variety and surface properties than on oil content. The coefficient of friction against structural surfaces was not significantly affected by moisture content but was affected by oil content. Bins used to store low-oil canola could also be used to store high-oil canola.
Cannabis use, polysubstance use, and psychosis prodrome among first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia

ABSTRACT Background Cannabis use and Psychosis are closely associated. Polysubstance use is prevalent among cannabis users. However, previous literature majorly examined the relationship between only cannabis use and schizophrenia disorder. Little is known about the impact of polysubstance use on the onset of prodromal symptoms. There is a scarcity of studies comparing the severity and characteristics of prodromal symptoms between cannabis users and polysubstance users. Aim This study investigates the association between polysubstance use and prodromal symptoms. It also compares the severity and characteristics of prodromal symptoms among individuals with different substance use patterns. Method 246 first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia participated in the study, using purposive sampling method. Pattern of substance use and prodromal symptoms were assessed using the WHO ASSIST Scale and PROD-Screen respectively. Result Significant association was found between substance use and symptoms of prodrome (r = −0.57, p < .01). Individuals who consumed more than one substance experienced more severe prodromal symptoms. Prodromal symptoms viz. “hallucinatory and delusional symptoms” and affect and thinking difficulties discriminate the study groups effectively. Conclusion Cannabis plus other substance use increases the risk of prodrome among first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. Polysubstance use causes more thinking, affective, delusionary, and hallucinatory symptoms of prodrome.
Energy Efficiency of Variable Rate Fertilizer Application in Coffee Production in Brazil

Coffee is a crop of great relevance in socioeconomic terms for Brazilian agribusiness, which is the world’s largest producer in cultivated areas. The implementation of precision agriculture in the coffee culture has provided countless benefits to its development, which over the years has been cultivated in the same area. However, there is a lack of studies that address the impact of the application of variable-rates inputs in soil on the energy efficiency and sustainability of these systems. This study aimed to analyze how variable-rate fertilization influences energy efficiency in coffee growing. A production area subjected to variable and fixed rates of fertilizer in alternating rows was evaluated. Geo-referenced yield data was collected to assess yield response for fixed and variable rate applications. The energy assessment was combined with the Geographic Information System (GIS) to determine site-specific energy indicators. To determine the energy flow, only NPK fertilizer applications were considered as inputs and the yield as output. The results obtained indicated that the variable rate fertilizer application has a small difference, indicating greater energy efficiency concerning the applied fertilizer and coffee production per crop season. It was observed in the 06/07 crop, the incorporated energy was 10.7 MJ kg−1 for VR and 10.2 MJ kg−1 for UR and for the 07/08 crop it was 30.7 MJ kg−1 for VR and 34.9 MJ kg−1 for UR. The energy balance was more efficient at variable rates, as it provided fertilizer savings without compromising yield. However, the difference between the embodied energy per mass of coffee produced was very small compared to the fixed rate.
Risk Factors in Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections

Carbapenem resistance, which was rarely observed up until the recent years, is becoming increasingly more common among the Enterobacteriaceae family around the world. It is thought that specifying the risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections may be helpful to initiate the appropriate empirical therapy at an early phase and to take the infection control measures. The aim of this study is to observe the risk factors and their relationship with mortality in patients infected with CRE. The control group was randomly selected from amongst the patients who were admitted to the same ward with the patient group during the period when CRE growth was observed, but were tested negative for CRE growth. Two control subjects were enrolled for each patient. Seventy patients where CRE growth was observed were included in the study. Among these patients, 55 were infected with K.pneumoniae , 7 with E.coli , 6 with Enterobacter cloacae , 1 with Enterobacter asburiae and one patient was infected with Enterobacter aerogenes . Immunosuppression, endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, urinary (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) neumonia (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) des (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) n, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) , central venous catheter (CVC), tracheostomy, urinary catheter days before CRE, endotracheal intubation days, ventilator-days, CVC days, TPN days, days of nasogastric intubation, days of abdominal drain were found to be statistically significant. Also, the number of days spent in intensive care before CRE developed, the Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score; and days of piperacillin/tazobactam, carbapenem, Colistin, and (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) neumonia (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) des use were found to be significant. In order to reduce the infections that happen due to CRE, the surveillance results should be continuously monitored and the recommendations of the infection control committee should be taken under consideration. The indication of invasive procedures should procedures be well-defined and unnecessary invasive procedures should be avoided. In patients who will receive therapy, treatment should be initiated according to the rational antibiotic use principle.
Thoughts on the Grotesque torc and the Snettisham (Ken Hill) hoards in the light of new research.

This paper examines the Grotesque torc and its repairs in relation to the hoards from Ken Hill, Snettisham. It looks at the materials used to repair/modify torcs, and their likely source in Hoards B/C and F. It suggests an alternative biography for the repair of this torc, and others from the site which, in their immediacy and lack of competence, would appear to be atypical in Iron Age metal repairs. Further insights into the metalworking processes being carried out in East Anglia in the later Iron Age are also offered.
INNOVATION, INCUBATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP : A NEW APROACH

IIM Ahmedabad's Centre for Innovation Incubation and Entrepreneurship (CIIE) fosters innovation driven entrepreneurship in India through incubation, investment and training. CIIE comprise of faculty, alumni and students of IIMA, mentors and service providers from the industry who span a variety of functional areas, sectoral domains and geographies and are passionately committed to helping disruptive innovations and aspiring entrepreneurs succeed commercially. For this study data collection method involves the participation of current and past incubates of CIIE to give their input about the various initiatives of CIIE and their efficiency, for incubates the questionnaire method was used to obtain their responses about various CIIE initiatives.
Eco-retrofitting with building integrated living systems

Building integrated living systems (BILS), such as green roofs and living walls, could mitigate many of the challenges presented by climate change and biodiversity protection. However, few if any such systems have been constructed, and current tools for evaluating them are limited, especially under Australian subtropical conditions. BILS are difficult to assess, because living systems interact with complex, changing and site-specific social and environmental conditions. Our past research in design for eco-services has confirmed the need for better means of assessing the ecological values of BILS - let alone better models for assessing their thermal and hydrological performance. To address this problem, a research project is being developed jointly by researchers at the Central Queensland University (CQ University) and the Queensland University of Technology (QUT), along with industry collaborators. A mathematical model under development at CQ University will be applied and tested to determine its potential for predicting their complex, dynamic behaviour in different contexts. However, the paper focuses on the work at QUT. The QUT school of design is generating designs for living walls and roofs that provide a range of ecosystem goods and services, or ‘eco-services’, for a variety of micro-climates and functional contexts. The research at QUT aims to develop appropriate designs, virtual prototypes and quantitative methods for assessing the potential multiple benefits of BILS in subtropical climates. It is anticipated that the CQ University model for predicting thermal behaviour of living systems will provide a platform for the integration of ecological criteria and indicators. QUT will also explore means to predict and measure the value of eco-services provided by the systems, which is still largely uncharted territory. This research is ultimately intended to facilitate the eco-retrofitting of cities to increase natural capital and urban resource security - an essential component of sustainability. The talk will present the latest range of multifunctional, eco-productive living walls, roofs and urban space frames and their eco-services.
FinFET with Constant Transconductance

Many analog FinFET applications, such as amplifiers, would benefit if the transistor provided a constant transconductance (gm=constant). The direct modification of transconductance can be done by tailoring the electric field inside the FinFET transistor. In the current study, we modeled and compared the electrical field profiles, IV characteristics, and transconductances of a conventional FinFET with a wrapped gate forming a single pair of gates, and our novel device with two wrapped gates forming two pairs of gates. We modeled and designed the devices taking into account transverse quantum confinement using the commercial modeling package Silvaco Atlas. We found that the novel FinFET operates with a nearly constant gmover a wide range of gate voltages. The novel device, made from silicon, has two pairs of gates with each gate being 10 nm wide and the two pairs of gates being 20 nm apart. The length of the transistor is 40 nm. The region underneath and between the gates is lightly n-type doped at 1×1015 cm-3 with doping of 7×1018 cm-3 at the source and drain contacts. The fin thickness is 120 A and the gate oxide is 17 A. The fin height is arbitrary as currents are normalized to the fin height.
Analysis of planar microwave and millimeter-wave circuits with anisotropic layers based on generalized transmission line equations and on the method of lines

A novel algorithm based on generalized transmission line equations (GTL) and on the method of lines (MoL) for the analysis of planar waveguide circuits with anisotropic layers is proposed and substantiated. The algorithm uses discretization lines in the propagation direction of the waves. As in the case of multiconductor transmission lines two modal matrices are determined. Impedance/admittance transformation equations are determined on the basis of the GTL equations. Using these equations numerically stable and accurate impedance transformations and field calculations can be performed.
Estimating energy balance for hydraulic fracture stimulations: Lessons Learned from Basel

Summary We apply the concepts of hydraulically injected power and radiated seismic energy to data from the hydraulic stimulation program of the 2006 Deep Heat Mining (DHM) project in Basel, Switzerland. After high-pressure injection of 11,500 m 3 of water into a 5-km-deep well, the stimulation program was stopped after 6 days, following the occurrence of a widely felt moment magnitude (Mw) 3.4 event. Suspension of the stimulation program was undertaken in compliance with a pre-defined response procedure (“stop-light system”) based on event magnitude, peak ground velocity (PGV) and public response. During the course of the stimulation program, the total injected energy amounted to 726.5 GJ, the approximate energy equivalent of a Mw 4.7 earthquake and about 4.4 times the energy injected during one stage of a large, multi-stage frac treatment in western Canada. After correction for missing data based on measured Gutenberg-Richter b-value, the radiated seismic energy from induced and triggered events is 51.9 GJ, or about 7.1% of the injection energy. This represents a much greater fraction of the injection energy than is typically observed for hydraulic fracture treatments for unconventional reservoir development in western Canada, perhaps reflecting release of stored elastic strain energy on fault systems in addition to the energy supplied by injection. Triggered and induced seismicity associated with the Basel DHM project provide useful background data for assessing the potential for seismic activity elsewhere, as well as developing appropriate mitigation procedures.
Customer's Purchase Decision in Alfamaret Tataaran II Minahasa

This study aims to determine the partial effect of service quality and price perceptions on customer buying decisions; and the simultaneous influence of service quality and price perception on customer buying decisions at Alfamart Tataaran II Minahasa. This research applied a quantitative approach with a survey method. The population comprised consumers who have made purchases at Alfamart Tataaran II Minahasa. The research sample consisted of 150 respondents selected by accidental sampling. The data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed by multiple regression. The findings reveal a significant effect of service quality on customer buying decisions, a positive and significant influence on price perceptions on customer buying decisions, and a collective positive influence and significant service quality and price perceptions on customer decisions.
A COMPARISON OF THE GREEN-AMPT AND A SPATIALLY VARIABLE INFILTRATION MODEL FOR NATURAL STORM EVENTS

Rainfall-runoff data collected from bare plots (20-216 m2) at 1-min intervals were used to compare the performance of the Green-Ampt infiltration model and a spatially variable infiltration model (SVIM). The two models have the same number of parameters. For 60 natural storm events from six sites in Australia and South-East Asian countries, the average Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency was 0.77 for the Green-Ampt model and 0.83 for the SVIM. At all sites, the SVIM consistently outperformed the Green-Ampt model when compared to runoff data at a range of time intervals and storm events, including events of very long duration. A larger hydrologic lag is needed for the Green-Ampt model to fit the measured hydrographs in comparison to the SVIM, suggesting that the Green-Ampt model tends to underestimate the infiltration rate when rainfall intensity is high. Measured rainfall and runoff rates show a positive relationship between rainfall intensity and infiltration rate. Considerable spatial variability in the infiltration capacity at the plot scale is implied by this positive relationship. This spatial variability clearly needs to be accommodated in infiltration models, and the SVIM represents a simple formulation of the infiltration rate as a function of rainfall intensity to address this spatial variability. SVIM parameters can be related to the Green-Ampt parameters, and they could therefore be estimated directly using soil properties.
The Impact of a Therapy Dog Team on Medical Students’ Physiological Stress and Perceived Anxiety Prior to an Exam

ABSTRACT Research suggests that a therapy dog team may have a positive impact on medical students’ anxiety. However, no controlled studies have evaluated this intervention’s effect on their stress and anxiety before an exam. Twelve medical students participated in this study. Utilizing a repeated-measures design, each participant interacted with a therapy dog team before one exam and engaged in their regular pre-exam routine before another. Participants then recorded their level of perceived anxiety and had salivary cortisol levels measured. Results: Both conditions significantly decreased salivary cortisol levels from baseline. Additionally, perceived anxiety was significantly lower after interacting with the therapy dog team when compared to engaging in one’s regular pre-exam routine. This controlled study is the first to assess the impact of a therapy dog team on medical students’ exam stress and anxiety. Results support pre-exam interaction with a therapy dog team to reduce stress and anxiety.