Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Homozygous Autosomal Recessive DIAPH1 Mutation Associated with Central Nervous System Involvement and Aspergillosis: A Rare Case

The DIAPH1 gene fulfills critical immune and neurodevelopmental roles. It encodes the mammalian Diaphanous-related formin (mDia1) protein, which acts downstream of Rho GTPases to promote F-actin polymerization and stabilize microtubules. During mitosis, this protein is expressed in human neuronal precursor cells and considerably affects spindle formation and cell division. In humans, dominant gain-of-function DIAPH1 variants cause sensorineural deafness and macrothrombocytopenia (DFNA1), while homozygous DIAPH1 loss leads to seizures, cortical blindness, and microcephaly syndrome (SCBMS). To date, only 16 patients with SCBMS have been reported, none of whom were from Iran. Furthermore, aspergillosis is yet to be reported in patients with homozygous DIAPH1 loss, and the link between SCBMS and immunodeficiency remains elusive. In this study, we shed further light on this matter by reporting the clinical, genetic, and phenotypic characteristics of an Iranian boy with a long history of recurrent infections, diagnosed with SCBMS and immunodeficiency (NM_005219.5 c.3145C > T; p.R1049X variant) following aspergillosis and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection.
Metamorphosis and seasonality are major determinants of chytrid infection in a paedomorphic salamander

Chytridiomycosis, an emerging disease caused mostly by the pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, has caused massive amphibian population declines and extinctions worldwide. The ecology of this disease is mainly explained by the interaction of environmental factors, pathogen biology, and host traits including development. For paedomorphic salamanders, differences in B. dendrobatidis infection may be explained by metamorphosis and water physicochemical conditions. In this study, we aimed to determine the influence of environmental and host factors on B. dendrobatidis prevalence and infection intensity in the facultative paedomorphic salamander Ambystoma altamirani. We determined B. dendrobatidis prevalence and infection load in four populations of A. altamirani along 1 year (four seasons) and assessed their relationship with environmental factors and host metamorphic status (gilled or non‐gilled). We found that B. dendrobatidis prevalence and infection load are largely explained by metamorphic status and environmental factors such as elevation, seasonality, water temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen. To our knowledge, this is the first study to empirically show the effect of metamorphosis on B. dendrobatidis infection status across locations and seasons. This information may be used to understand the temporal dynamics of B. dendrobatidis–host interactions and to identify potential disease outbreaks that may cause cryptic sublethal effects on salamander populations. Our results will help in the development of conservation strategies for paedomorphic salamanders that are already considered threatened by anthropogenic factors such as habitat loss and climate change.
$L^p$-$L^q$ estimates for Electromagnetic Helmholtz equation

In space dimension $n\geq3$, we consider the electromagnetic Schr\"odinger Hamiltonian $H=(\nabla-iA(x))^2-V$ and the corresponding Helmholtz equation $(\nabla-iA(x))^2u+u-V(x)u=f \in \mathbb{R}^n$. We extend the well known $L^p$-$L^q$ estimates for the solution of the free Helmholtz equation to the case when the electromagnetic hamiltonian $H$ is considered.
Intra-household Gender Disparity in Private Tuition: Evidence from West Bengal

The article focuses on intra-household gender disparity in private tuition in West Bengal. By employing Engel curve framework and hurdle model with household-level data from NSS 71st Round (2014–2015), the article establishes that there is significant gender bias in favour of girls for the age group 15–20 years. This is contrary to the general perception of gender bias against girls. It has also been found that at the same age group, there is a significant difference in enrolment of girls and boys in private schools where boys are mostly enrolled in private schools. This finding suggests that girls are discriminated at the decision of formal schooling, but there is an attempt to compensate for it at a later stage when credentials become important to signal in the labour market or marriage market.
A cognitive analysis of U.S. and Chinese students' mathematical performance on tasks involving computation, simple problem solving, and complex problem solving

The mathematical performance of 250 U.S. sixth-grade students from both private and public schools and 425 Chinese sixth graders from both key and common schools was examined on multiple-choice tasks assessing computation and simple problem solving and on open-ended tasks assessing complex problem solving. Chinese students performed significantly better than U.S. students on both computation and simple problem solving. The results were about the same for the two samples on complex problem solving. Moreover, when subsets of U.S. and Chinese students were matched on their computational performance, the U.S. students scored significantly higher than comparable Chinese students on the measures of both simple and complex problem solving. U.S. and Chinese students had similar overall performance on complex problem solving, but a detailed cognitive analysis of students' written responses revealed not only many similarities in the solutions but also many subtle differences. For example, the types of strategies employed and the types of errors made by the Chinese students were similar to those for the U.S. students, although the Chinese students' solutions tended to be more elegant. Also, U.S. students tended to use visual representation more frequently than Chinese students, who tended to use symbolic representation (e.g., algebraic equations) more frequently. The results of this study suggest not only the complexity of examining mathematical performance differences, but also the inadequacy of using a limited range of tasks to measure mathematical performance in cross-national studies. One of the main contributions of this study is its use of a variety of mathematical tasks to capture the thinking and reasoning of U.S. and Chinese students. Another contribution is the scheme used to analyze student performance, a scheme based not solely on the percentage correct or incorrect, but rather on a detailed analysis of students' strategies, representations, and errors. This range of tasks and the associated methodology supported the discovery of findings of similarities and differences between U.S. and Chinese students that have not been reported previously.
SHADOW OF A COLOSSUS: A z = 2.44 GALAXY PROTOCLUSTER DETECTED IN 3D Lyα FOREST TOMOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF THE COSMOS FIELD

Using moderate-resolution optical spectra from 58 background Lyman-break galaxies and quasars at z ∼ 2.3 – 3 ? > within a 11. ′5 × 13. ′5 area of the COSMOS field ( ∼ 1200 deg - 2 ? > projected area density or ∼ 2.4 h - 1 Mpc ? > mean transverse separation), we reconstruct a 3D tomographic map of the foreground Lyα forest absorption at 2.2 < z < 2.5 with an effective smoothing scale of ϵ 3D ≈ 2.5 h - 1 Mpc ? > comoving. Comparing with 61 coeval galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts in the same volume, we find that the galaxy positions are clearly biased toward regions with enhanced intergalactic medium (IGM) absorption in the tomographic map. We find an extended IGM overdensity with deep absorption troughs at z = 2.45 associated with a recently discovered galaxy protocluster at the same redshift. Based on simulations matched to our data, we estimate the enclosed dark matter mass within this IGM overdensity to be M dm ( z = 2.45 ) = ( 1.1 ± 0.6 ) × 10 14 h - 1 M ⊙ ? > , and argue based on this mass and absorption strength that it will form at least one z ∼ 0 galaxy cluster with M ( z = 0 ) = ( 3 ± 1.5 ) × 10 14 h - 1 M ⊙ ? > , although its elongated nature suggests that it will likely collapse into two separate clusters. We also point out a compact overdensity of six MOSDEF galaxies at z = 2.30 within a r ∼ 1 h - 1 Mpc ? > radius and Δz ∼ 0.006, which does not appear to have a large associated IGM overdensity. These results demonstrate the potential of Lyα forest tomography on larger volumes to study galaxy properties as a function of environment, as well as revealing the large-scale IGM overdensities associated with protoclusters or other features of large-scale structure.
The Impacts of Employee Mental Health in The Workplace: A Literature Review

Previous research has described a lot about how to manage the mental health of employees in the workplace. However, there is no comprehensive understanding the impact of the role of employee mental health on work learning systems, participatory practices, gratitude and employee emotions. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of employee mental health. The research method is by reviewing 50 articles selected and screened based on key findings. This research reveals that mental health and gratitude are understood in a variety of ways. Mental health is primarily defined as mental health experiences and responses, and workplace learning primarily refers to learning through participatory practices. In addition, this study describes the relationship between mental health and learning in the workplace. Most studies focus on the active role of mental health in supporting and/or hindering learning in the workplace. Some research shows mental health in the workplace is negatively affected by gratitude. This research also reveals that mental health affects employees' emotions at work. This study suggests that companies can maintain their employees’ mental health through various human resource management strategies, and for further research, it is recommended to describe trends and gaps in this field.
Multi-fibre optical spectroscopy of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs in Upper Scorpius ,,

Context. Knowledge of the mass function in open clusters constitutes one way to critically examine the formation mechanisms proposed to explain the existence of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. Aims. The aim of the project is to determine as accurately as possible the shape of the mass function across the stellar/substellar boundary in the young (5 Myr) and nearby (d = 145 pc) Upper Sco association. Methods. We have obtained multi-fibre intermediate-resolution (R ∼ 1100) optical (∼5750−8800 A) spectroscopy of 94 photometric and proper motion selected low-mass star and brown dwarf candidates in Upper Sco with the AAOmega spectrograph on the AngloAustralian Telescope. Results. We have estimated the spectral types and measured the equivalent widths of youth (Hα) and gravity (Na I and K I) diagnostic features to confirm the spectroscopic membership of about 95% of the photometric and proper motion candidates extracted from 6.5 square degrees surveyed in Upper Sco by the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) Galactic Clusters Survey (GCS). We also detect lithium in the spectra with the highest signal-to-noise, consolidating our conclusions about their youth. Furthermore, we derive an estimate of the efficiency of the photometric and proper motion selections used in our earlier studies using spectroscopic data obtained for a large number of stars falling into the instrument’s field-of-view. We have estimated the effective temperatures and masses for each new spectroscopic member using the latest evolutionary models available for low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. Combining the current optical spectroscopy presented here with near-infrared spectroscopy obtained for the faintest photometric candidates, we confirm the shape and slope of our earlier photometric mass function. The luminosity function drawn from the spectroscopic sample of 113 USco members peaks at around M6 and is flat at later spectral type. We may detect the presence of the M7/M8 gap in the luminosity function as a result of the dust properties in substellar atmospheres. The mass function may peak at 0 2 ◦�� � )
A decade of high-resolution radio observations of GRS 1915+105

The radio emitting X-ray binary GRS 1915+105 shows a wide variety of X-ray and radio states. We present a decade of monitoring observations, with the RXTE-ASM and the Ryle Telescope, in conjunction with high-resolution radio observations using MERLIN and the VLBA. Linear polarisation at 1.4 and 1.6 GHz has been spatially resolved in the radio jets, on a scale of ~150 mas and at flux densities of a few mJy. Depolarisation of the core occurs during radio flaring, associated with the ejection of relativistic knots of emission. We have identified the ejection at four epochs of X-ray flaring. Assuming no deceleration, proper motions of 16.5 to 27 mas per day have been observed, supporting the hypothesis of a varying angle to the line-of-sight per ejection, perhaps in a precessing jet.
Variability of the X-ray sources in M33

The results of a variability study of the X-ray sources detected by the Einstein Observatory in the galaxy M33 are reported. Two of the 15 known sources are variable above the 99.73 percent confidence level. The light curve of one of these sources, M33 X-7, exhibits a variability pattern of high and low states, suggesting an eclipsing binary X-ray source. Such a finding would be the first identification of a close accreting binary system with an X-ray source in an external galaxy other than the Magellanic Clouds. The data suggest a binary period of 1.7857 day and an eclipse duration of about 0.4 day. The nuclear source M33 X-8 varies only in the softest part of the spectrum. The observations suggest a rapid variability and show a rapid flare with a rise time shorter than three days together with longer timescale variability.
THE GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEM OF THE MILKY WAY: ACCRETION IN A COSMOLOGICAL CONTEXT

We examine the significance of a planar arrangement in the spatial distribution of the Milky Way (MW) globular clusters (GCs). We find that, when separated on the basis of horizontal branch morphology and metallicity, the outermost canonical young halo (YH) GC sample (at galactocentric radii in excess of 10 kpc) exhibits an anisotropic distribution that may be equated to a plane (24 ± 4) kpc thick (rms) and inclined at 8° ± 5° to the polar axis of the MW disk. To quantify the significance of this plane we determine the fraction of times that an isotropic distribution replicates the observed distribution in Monte Carlo trials. The plane is found to remain significant at the >95% level outside a galactocentric radius of 10 kpc, inside this radius the spatial distribution is apparently isotropic. In contrast, the spatial distribution of the old halo sample outside 10 kpc is well matched by an isotropic distribution. The plane described by the outer YH GCs is indistinguishable in orientation from that presented by the satellite galaxies of the MW. Simulations have shown that the planar arrangement of satellites can arise as filaments of the surrounding large-scale structure feed into the MW's potential. We therefore propose that our results are direct observational evidence for the accreted origin of the outer YH GC population. This conclusion confirms numerous lines of evidence that have similarly indicated an accreted origin for this set of clusters from the inferred cluster properties.
Study of the Environmental Factors' Effects on Big Data Analytics Adoption in Supply Chain Management

The current study combines the institutional theory and the TOE framework to examine the effects of environmental factors along with the mediating role of top managements support on the decision to adopt big data analytics (BDA) in supply chain management (SCM) in Saudi firms as context of a developing economy in transition. The statistical analyses of the PLSPM performed with Smartpls showed that the environment factors could affect directly and indirectly the intention to adopt BDA in SCM. From a theoretical perspective, combining TOE framework with an institutional theory perspective provided us with a research model that highlight the importance of TMS as a mediating factor that can help to assimilate the effects of environment factors when dealing with BDA adoption. From a managerial perspective, this research should be useful for practitioners involved in the SCM and interested by the use of BDA by showing them the critical roles that can be played by environment factors in the decision to adopt BDA in SCM.
Searching for the signatures of terrestrial planets in F-, G-type main-sequence stars

Context. Detailed chemical abundances of volatile and refractory elements have been discussed in the context of terrestrial-planet formation during in past years. Aims. The HARPS-GTO high-precision planet-search program has provided an extensive database of stellar spectra, which we have inspected in order to select the best-quality spectra available for late type stars. We study the volatile-to-refractory abundance ratios to investigate their possible relation with the low-mass planetary formation. Methods. We present a fully differential chemical abundance analysis using high-quality HARPS and UVES spectra of 61 late F- and early G-type main-sequence stars, where 29 are planet hosts and 32 are stars without detected planets. Results. As for the previous sample of solar analogs, these stars slightly hotter than the Sun also provide very accurate Galactic chemical abundance trends in the metallicity range −0.3 < [Fe/H] < 0.4. Stars with and without planets show similar mean abundance ratios. Moreover, when removing the Galactic chemical evolution effects, these mean abundance ratios, Δ[X/Fe]SUN−STARS ,a gainst condensation temperature, tend to exhibit less steep trends with nearly zero or slightly negative slopes. We have also analyzed a subsample of 26 metal-rich stars, 13 with and 13 without known planets, with spectra at S /N ∼ 850, on average, in the narrow metallicity range 0.04 < [Fe/H] < 0.19. We find the similar, although not equal, abundance pattern with negative slopes for both samples of stars with and without planets. Using stars at S /N ≥ 550 provides equally steep abundance trends with negative slopes for stars both with and without planets. We revisit the sample of solar analogs to study the abundance patterns of these stars, in particular, 8 stars hosting super-Earth-like planets. Among these stars having very low-mass planets, only four of them reveal clear increasing abundance trends versus condensation temperature. Conclusions. Finally, we compared these observed slopes with those predicted using a simple model that enables us to compute the mass of rocks that have formed terrestrial planets in each planetary system. We do not find any evidence supporting the conclusion that the volatile-to-refractory abundance ratio is related to the presence of rocky planets.
Spices Volatilomic Fingerprinting—A Comprehensive Approach to Explore Its Authentication and Bioactive Properties

Volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) present in different spices can provide distinct analytical biosignatures related to organoleptic properties and health benefits. This study aimed to establish the volatilomic fingerprint of six of the most consumed spices all over the world (saffron (Crocus sativus L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), black pepper, (Piper nigrum L.), sweet paprika (Capsicum annuum L.), and curry (a mix of different herbs and spices)). Based on headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, this is a powerful strategy to explore and establish the spice’s volatile pattern and unravel the potential health benefits related to the most important VOMs identified in each spice. This comprehensive knowledge will help in the definition of their authenticity, while simultaneously protecting against potential frauds and adulterations. A total of 162 VOMs were identified. Semi-quantitative assessments revealed that terpenoids and sesquiterpenoids amounted to the major volatile class in the investigated spices, except for cinnamon, where carbonyl compounds are the major group. Most of the studied spices comprised key characteristics of aroma and health bioactive compounds, e.g., dihydrojuneol in saffron, cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon, cuminaldehyde in cumin and curry, and caryophyllene in black pepper. The principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) successfully discriminated the investigated spices, being α-cubebene, 3-methyl butanal, β-patchoulene and β-selinene, the most important VOMs (highest VIP’s) that contributed to its discrimination. Moreover, some VOMs have a high influence on the spice’s bioactive potential, helping to prevent certain diseases including cancer, inflammatory-related diseases, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
Initial report from the ICFA Neutrino Panel

In July 2013 ICFA established the Neutrino Panel with the mandate "To promote international cooperation in the development of the accelerator-based neutrino-oscillation program and to promote international collaboration in the development a neutrino factory as a future intense source of neutrinos for particle physics experiments". This, the Panel's Initial Report, presents the conclusions drawn by the Panel from three regional "Town Meetings" that took place between November 2013 and February 2014. After a brief introduction and a short summary of the status of the knowledge of the oscillation parameters, the report summarises the approved programme and identifies opportunities for the development of the field. In its conclusions, the Panel recognises that to maximise the discovery potential of the accelerator-based neutrino-oscillation programme it will be essential to exploit the infrastructures that exist at CERN, FNAL and J-PARC and the expertise and resources that reside in laboratories and institutes around the world. Therefore, in its second year, the Panel will consult with the accelerator-based neutrino-oscillation community and its stakeholders to: develop a road-map for the future accelerator-based neutrino-oscillation programme that exploits the ambitions articulated at CERN, FNAL and J-PARC and includes the programme of measurement and test-beam exposure necessary to ensure the programme is able to realise its potential; develop a proposal for a coordinated "Neutrino RD" programme, the accelerator and detector RD and to explore the opportunities for the international collaboration necessary to realise the Neutrino Factory.
Microwave spectroscopy of Josephson junctions in topological superconductors

We consider microwave spectroscopy of Josephson junctions composed of hybridized Majorana states in topological one-dimensional superconductors. We point out how spectroscopic features of the junction appear in the current phase relation under microwave irradiation. Moreover, we discuss a way to directly probe the nonequilibrium state associated with the $4\ensuremath{\pi}$-periodic Josephson effect. In particular, we show how the microwave driving can be used to switch from a $4\ensuremath{\pi}$ to a $2\ensuremath{\pi}$ Shapiro step in the current voltage relation.