Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intention to Use Mobile Learning in Higher Education Institutions: Review Paper

Mobile learning is presently taking part in associate degree more and more important role within the instructional method, additionally as within the development of teaching and learning ways for higher education. The power to find out ‘on the go– anytime, anywhere, is changing into more and more fashionable. The advantages offered by mobile learning are important. On the opposite hand, the implementation of mobile learning in educational activity relies on users’ acceptance of technology. Acceptance and intention to use mobile learning may be a topic of growing interest within the field of education. The model of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) is planned and developed by researchers via a mixture of eight major theories in activity prediction. UTAUT is among the foremost fashionable and up to date model in information technology acceptance. This is review paper aiming to review UTAUT’s previous studies of intention to use mobile learning. In conclusion, this research provides insight regarding the necessary factors for planning and designing an intention to use mobile learning model in higher education institutions.
Dielectric behaviour of magnetic hybrid materials

Abstract The objectives of this work include the analysis of electrical and magnetic properties of magneto-elastic hybrid materials with the intention of developing new techniques for sensor and actuator applications. This includes the investigation of dielectric properties at both low and high frequencies. The behaviour of capacitors whose dielectrics comprise magnetic hybrid materials is well known. Such interfacial magnetocapacitance can be varied according to magnetic content, magnetic flux density and the relative permittivity of the polymer matrix together with other dielectric content. The basic function of trapping electrical charges in polymers (electrets) is also established technology. However, the combination of magnetoactive polymers and electrets has led to the first electromagnetic device capable of adhering to almost any material, whether magnetically susceptible or not. During the course of this research, in addition to dielectrics, electrically conductive polymers based on (PDMS) matrices were developed in order to vary the electrical properties of the material in a targeted manner. In order to ensure repeatable results, this demanded new fabrication techniques hitherto unavailable. The 3D printing of silicones is far from being a mature technology and much pioneering work was necessary before extending the usual 3 d.o. f. to include orientation about and diffusion of particles in these three axes, thus leading to the concept of 6D printing. In 6D printing, the application of a magnetic field can be used during the curing process to control the particulate distribution and thus the spatial filler particle density as desired. Most of the devices (sensors and actuators) produced by such methods contain levels of carbonyl iron powder (CIP) embedded magnetic filler of up to 70 wt%. Contrary to this, a hitherto neglected research area, namely magnetoactive polymers (MAPs) having significantly lower magnetic particle concentrations (1 to 3 wt% CIP) were also investigated. With filler concentrations lower than 3 wt%, structures are formed which are completely absent at higher filler levels. CIP concentrations in the range of 1wt% demonstrate the formation of toroidal structures. Further development of coherent rings with a compact order results as filler concentrations increase towards 2 wt%. Above 3 wt% the structure eventually disintegrates to the usual random order found in traditional MAP with higher CIP content. Structured samples containing 1%–3 wt% CIP were investigated with the aid of X-ray tomography where solitary ring structures can be observed and eventually the formation of capillary doubles. Over wavelengths ranging from 1 to 25 µm, spectroscopic analysis of thin film MAP samples containing 2 wt% CIP revealed measurable magnetic-field-dependent changes in IR absorption at a wavenumber 2350 (λ = 4.255 µm). This was found to be due to the diamagnetic susceptibility of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Consequently, the first potential application for sparse matrix MAPs was found.
Resolving the SLOSS dilemma for biodiversity conservation: a research agenda

The legacy of the ‘SL > SS principle’, that a single or a few large habitat patches (SL) conserve more species than several small patches (SS), is evident in decisions to protect large patches while down‐weighting small ones. However, empirical support for this principle is lacking, and most studies find either no difference or the opposite pattern (SS > SL). To resolve this dilemma, we propose a research agenda by asking, ‘are there consistent, empirically demonstrated conditions leading to SL > SS? ’ We first review and summarize ‘single large or several small’ (SLOSS) theory and predictions. We found that most predictions of SL > SS assume that between‐patch variation in extinction rate dominates the outcome of the extinction–colonization dynamic. This is predicted to occur when populations in separate patches are largely independent of each other due to low between‐patch movements, and when species differ in minimum patch size requirements, leading to strong nestedness in species composition along the patch size gradient. However, even when between‐patch variation in extinction rate dominates the outcome of the extinction–colonization dynamic, theory can predict SS > SL. This occurs if extinctions are caused by antagonistic species interactions or disturbances, leading to spreading‐of‐risk of landscape‐scale extinction across SS. SS > SL is also predicted when variation in colonization dominates the outcome of the extinction–colonization dynamic, due to higher immigration rates for SS than SL, and larger species pools in proximity to SS than SL. Theory that considers change in species composition among patches also predicts SS > SL because of higher beta diversity across SS than SL. This results mainly from greater environmental heterogeneity in SS due to greater variation in micro‐habitats within and across SS habitat patches (‘across‐habitat heterogeneity’), and/or more heterogeneous successional trajectories across SS than SL. Based on our review of the relevant theory, we develop the ‘SLOSS cube hypothesis’, where the combination of three variables – between‐patch movement, the role of spreading‐of‐risk in landscape‐scale population persistence, and across‐habitat heterogeneity – predict the SLOSS outcome. We use the SLOSS cube hypothesis and existing SLOSS empirical evidence, to predict SL > SS only when all of the following are true: low between‐patch movement, low importance of spreading‐of‐risk for landscape‐scale population persistence, and low across‐habitat heterogeneity. Testing this prediction will be challenging, as it will require many studies of species groups and regions where these conditions hold. Each such study would compare gamma diversity across multiple landscapes varying in number and sizes of patches. If the prediction is not generally supported across such tests, then the mechanisms leading to SL > SS are extremely rare in nature and the SL > SS principle should be abandoned.
Debt Financing of Small OTC Firms Reporting to the SEC

Although the concept of financial growth cycle proposed by Berger and Udell (1998) is intuitively appealing, empirical evidence has been scarce due to data limitations. In this study, we use a novel data set, small emerging firms trading on the OTC market and filing annual reports with the SEC, to provide empirical support for the financial growth-cycle paradigm. We find that as firms develop and gain track records, their debt usage increases and debt specialization decreases, suggesting a gradual easing of supply-side constraints. Further, positive sales and positive cash flows mark two milestones in debt financing: Positive sales broaden the firms’ access to various segments of the debt market, and positive cash flows deepen their relationships with banks. We also examine binary features of debt in our sample and find that convertible debt peaks when firms start generating sales, and firms increasingly rely on secured debt as they grow.
Relationship Between Credit Default Swaps (CDS) and Government Bonds: A Study on Turkey

Bu calismanin amaci, Turkiye dolar cinsi Eurobondlar ile bu menkul kiymetleri referans varlik olarak belirlemis olan CDS sozlesmeleri arasindaki iliskiyi incelemek ve fiyat kesif surecini ortaya koymaktir. Bu cercevede 02.01. 2014–31.12. 2019 donemi gunluk verileri kullanarak degiskenlere oncelikle ADF ve Lee-Strazicich birim kok testleri uygulanmis ve yapisal kirilmalarin varligi ile degiskenler arasindaki nedensellik iliskisi Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik yontemi ile incelenmistir. Arastirma bulgulara gore; %5 anlamlilik duzeyinde CDS primlerinden tahvil primlerine dogru tek yonlu cok kuvvetli bir nedensellik iliskisi, %10 anlamlilik duzeyinde ise tahvil primlerinden CDS primlerine dogru bir nedensellik iliskisi bulunmaktadir. Bu durum kredi risk primi fiyatlamasinin oncelikle CDS sozlesmelerinde gerceklestigini gostermektedir.
Knowledge Status and Affecting Factors about the Current Childhood Vaccines of Mothers of Children Applying to State and University Hospital Pediatric Clinics in Kars

Amac: Bu calismanin amaci Kars’taki devlet ve universite hastanesine basvuran cocuklarin annelerinin cocukluk donemi rutin asilari hakkindaki bilgi durumunu ve bunu etkileyen etmenleri tespit etmektir. Materyal ve Metot: Arastirma iki merkezden toplam 376 anne dâhil edilerek kesitsel olarak gerceklestirildi. Yuz yuze gorusme sureti ile anket uygulandi. Guncel asi takvimindeki asilar teker teker sorularak annelerin bilme durumu tespit edildi. Dokuz asidan en az sekizini bilmek yuksek puan olarak kabul edildi. Annelerin bu sorulardan aldiklari puan bagimli degisken, sosyodemografik ve biyodemografik ozellikleri bagimsiz degisken olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Annelerin %27,7’si tum asilari bilirken en fazla bilinen BCG asisiydi (%94,9). Annenin asi bilgi durumu ile ailenin tipi, evlilik sekli, annenin egitim durumu, anneye yapilan asi hakkinda bilgi verilip verilmedigi ve annenin bebegin kilosu hatirlamasi arasinda anlamli bir iliski bulunmaktayken (p<0,05), lojistik regresyon yapildiginda bebegin kilosunu bilme durumu 3 kattan daha fazla; evlilik seklinin gorucu usulu olmamasi yaklasik 1,9 kat; asilar hakkinda saglik personeli tarafindan bilgi verilmesi 1,8 kat yuksek bilgi durumu ile iliskili bulundu. Sonuc: Bazi cocukluk cagi asilarinin anneler tarafindan bilinirligi dusuktur. Asilar hakkinda daha bilgili anneler icin, bebegi ile ilgili farkindaligi yuksek, kendi kararlarini verebilen, egitimli anneler gereklidir. Asiyi yapan saglik personeline de bu konuda onemli sorumluluklar dusmektedir.
FNAC OF BREAST LUMP WITH HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION

Introduction – FNAC has become increasingly popular in diagnosis of palpable breast masses. As it is sensitive, specific, economical and safe for screening of breast lesions Aims and objectives – to determine the histopathologic correlation of FNAC of breast lumps seen in department of pathology, Govt medical college, siddipet. Methods – 2 yrs. retrospective study if breast lumps , with all patients who had FNAC, with subsequent histopathological confirmation over the period July 2018 –July 2020. A total 232 cases included in which 187 cases are subjected to excision biopsy or mastectomy Results –2 yrs. under review (2018-2020) a total of 232 FNAC of breast lump were done. 197 (84.9%) benign cases, 13(11.6%) malignant cases, 8 (3.5%) inflammatory cases were diagnosed cytologically in which 98(42.24%) cases are fibro adenoma, 27(11.6%) are malignant cases and suspicious of malignancy, 26(11.2%) of gynecomastia, 23(9.91%) of fibrocystic disease with female predominance of 8:1 ratio (206:26). Age ranging from 9 yrs. – 85 yrs. with mean age of 47yrs ± 14.2 yrs. Conclusion – we therefore concluded that FNAC is a reliable diagnostic tool of breast lump in our hospital. FNAC guides the surgeons for further plan of management.
The Impact of FDI Inflows on GDP Growth in Iraq for the period (2004-2017): An applied study

This paper aims to examine the relationship between the changing foreign direct investment inflows and gross domestic product growth using yearly time series observations for the period (2004-2017). The current study proposed the hypothesis which investigated utilizing the novel econometrics methods such as unit root test, cointegration test and Granger causality test, the results revealed that existence of long run equilibrium relationship between the foreign direct investment inflows and gross domestic product growth during the period of the study, probably due to the little inflow to Iraq in the form to participate in pushing Iraqi economic growth due to the nonoil exports structure where average of total values of petroleum exports to total Iraqi value of exports reach to (99%) during the study period.
“Un”trepreneurship Undoing the Myth of Entrepreneurship as a Development Apparatus

The current theoretical framing of entrepreneurship includes several diverse phenomena under the same conceptual umbrella, yet the terms are often conflated and used interchangeably. Based on the assumption that anything included under this conceptual umbrella contributes to economic development and job creation, entrepreneurship has become appropriated as a development tool in the Global South, where poverty and unemployment are rife. This study introduces the term ‘entrepreneurship as a development apparatus’ (EDA) that is defined as the implementation of entrepreneurship support interventions (such as training, incubation and funding) in economically marginalised communities, based on the assumption that these interventions lead to economic development and job creation. EDA is then taken out from under the conceptual entrepreneurship umbrella, and placed in a postdevelopment theory context, showing that insight can be gained when the critical debate on entrepreneurship is moved beyond the constraints of the mainstream entrepreneurship paradigm. Drawing from the development debate this article argues that the current theoretical entrepreneurship paradigm has proven unable to provide answers to the failure of EDA, and thus calls for the rejection of the entire notion of EDA as a form of entrepreneurship.
The Influence of Guar Gum on Lipid Emulsion Digestion and Beta-Carotene Bioaccessibility

The Influence of Guar Gum on Lipid Emulsion Digestion and Beta-Carotene Bioaccessibility Jamal Amyoony Advisor: University of Guelph, 2013 Dr. Amanda J. Wright A better understanding of how dietary fibres impact the bioavailability of fatsoluble nutrients and nutraceuticals is required. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of guar gum (GG) on the transfer processes impacting betacarotene (BC) bioaccessibility (transfer to the aqueous phase) from an oil-in-water emulsion using an in vitro model simulating gastric and duodenal digestion. Canola oil emulsions (1.5 % soy protein isolate, 10 % canola oil and 0.1 % all trans BC, D4,3~160 nm) were prepared by microfluidization (40 MPa, 4 passes) and exposed, in the presence of 0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, or 4.0 % GG, to conditions representative of the stomach and duodenum in the fed state. Lipolysis, BC bioaccessibility, digestate apparent viscosities, droplet size, and bile acid (BA) binding were studied. With increasing concentration of GG, digestate viscosity was increased and lipolysis and bioaccessibility were decreased (P<0.05). Peak lipolysis was 56.2% vs. 21.6% for emulsions containing 0.0 % vs. 4.0 % GG, respectively. BC bioaccessibility was also lower in the presence of GG (i.e. 29.7 vs. 6.98 % for 0.0 vs. 4.0 % GG respectively). Thus, the presence of GG impacted digestive processes central to BC absorption. The impact of GG may be related to increased digestate viscosity entrapping mixed micelles or BAs and decreasing diffusion leading to decreased lipolysis and BC bioaccessibility.
Influence of Parental Monitoring on Adolescents’ Deviant Behaviors as Expressed by Married Adults in Ilorin Metropolis

Deviant behavior is detrimental to adolescents, and parental monitoring is necessary to forestall this act. Consequently, this study investigated the influence of parental monitoring on adolescents' deviant behavior as expressed by married adults in the Ilorin metropolis. This study also investigated moderating variables, including gender, age, family type, and religion, on the respondents' view. It employed a descriptive survey method where 200 married adults were selected through simple random and purposive sampling techniques. The participants responded to a questionnaire titled 'Influence of Parental Monitoring on Deviant Behavior Questionnaire' (IPMDBQ). ' The instrument's validity was conducted by a team of five experts from Nigeria, and the reliability yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.72. Besides, t-test and ANOVA statistical tools were employed to test the hypotheses at an alpha level of 0.05. The result revealed a positive influence of parental monitoring on adolescents' deviant behavior. It was found that there was no significant difference in the respondents' views based on gender, age, family type, and religion. Therefore, it is recommended that parents should monitor their wards appropriately to forestall deviant behavior among adolescents in Nigerian society.
Considerations on Potentials, Greenhouse Gas, and Energy Performance of Biofuels Based on Forest Residues for Heavy-Duty Road Transport in Sweden

This case study investigates the potentials, greenhouse gas (GHG), and energy performance of forest residue biofuels produced by new and emerging production technologies, which are commercially implemented in Sweden for heavy transport. The biofuel options included are ethanol (ED 95), hydro-processed vegetable oil (HVO), and liquefied biogas (LBG) produced from logging residues in forestry and sawdust generated in sawmills. The calculated life cycle GHG emissions, based on the EU Renewable Energy Directive calculation methodology, for all three pathways are in the range of 6–11 g CO2eq. /MJ, corresponding to 88–94% GHG emission reductions as compared to fossil fuel. Critical parameters are the enzyme configuration for ethanol, hydrogen supply systems and bio-oil technology for HVO, and gasifier size for LBG. The energy input is ranging from 0.16 to 0.43 MJ/MJ biofuel and the total conversion efficiency from the feedstock to biofuel, including high-value by-products (excluding heat), varies between 61 and 65%. The study concludes that the domestic biofuel potential from estimated accessible logging residues and sawdust is equivalent to 50–100% of the current use of fossil diesel in heavy-duty road transport in Sweden, depending on the biofuel production technology selected and excluding energy by-products. Thus, an expansion of forest-based biofuels is a promising strategy to meet the ambitious climate goals in the transport sector in Sweden.
Trail Running: Exploring South Africa’s Serious Leisure Economy

A health-conscious mindset has grown rapidly among South African middle-class consumers. This can be seen by their embrace of sports watches, reward-based programmes, and participation in organised leisure activities such as cycling and running. Within this context, trail running is becoming increasingly popular; however, research on the nature of trail running in South Africa is limited. A theoretical understanding of the relationship that participants have with trail running, specifically the applicability of the serious leisure framework, could provide valuable insights into this emerging market. This study incorporated an exploratory case-study design. Quantitative data was collected using purposive sampling and an online survey to determine if trail runners undertook the activity as leisure careerists or not. The level of seriousness of respondents was measured using the six characteristics of serious leisure as defined in the Serious Leisure Inventory Measure (SLIM). The main findings were that many trail runners meet all six of the characteristics of serious leisure. ‘Perseverance’ and ‘Career’ followed by ‘Effort’ and ‘Identity’ were the most important factors to the trail runners. Motives of ‘Fun’ and ‘Sense of achievement’ were more important than ‘Fitness’ or ‘Social factors’, however. ‘Sense of achievement’ and ‘Social’ correlated the most strongly with respondents’ overall level of seriousness in the sport. Income impacted on motivations, however, with wealthier people more likely to report that they participated for Fun. In terms of gender, women were more likely to report that trail running boosted their self-image. In addition, trail running forms part of the serious leisure economy, as participants are prepared to spend substantial sums of money on related equipment and participation in events. This study provides valuable insights for marketing and design of trail-running events and contributes to the gap in the literature on serious leisure in South Africa.
Measurement of BUM Desa Development: A Literature Study

The growth in the number of BUM Desa (Village-Owned Enterprises) is increasing in line with the issuance of the Village Law. The number of BUM Desa, which currently reaches 47,717 units, should be appreciated. However, in light of its development, it is necessary to observe it from various sides, not only in terms of quantity but also in terms of quality. Therefore, it is essential to study how a conceptual review of the measurement of BUM Desa development. The purpose of this research is to carry out a literature study to determine the conceptual description of the development of BUM Desa. This study uses a non-systematic literature review method by exploring the literature and the results of previous studies related to the development of BUM Desa. The results of the study show that BUM Desa is a business entity that has the characteristics of a social enterprise, commercial institution, and local enterprise that form an integral part of the management of BUM Desa. Measuring the development of BUM Desa needs to consider these three characteristics in compiling its parameters and indicators. Therefore, BUM Desa can be said to be developing if it has succeeded in running social enterprises, commercial enterprises, and local enterprises. There is no standard in measuring the development of BUM Desa that can be used as a reference in general, so there are many different thoughts on the matter. Alternative parameters that need to be considered in measuring the development of BUM Desa include social value, civil society, innovation, financial perspective, customer perspective, business process perspective, growth and learning perspective, local potential and local wisdom.
The structure of vanadinite

Two-dimensional Fourier and difference syntheses have been used to solve and refine the structure of vanadinite, Pb 5 (VO 4 ) 3 Cl. The isostructural relation ship of vanadinite to other apatite-like minerals has been confirmed. The chlorine ion is surrounded by 6 divalent Pb ions at the corners of a regular octahedron; the co-ordination of O and V is tetrahedral. Interatomic distances are given, and the accuracy of the results is assessed in terms of the standard deviations of atomic positions and of interatomic distance.