Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The 2009 Supply Chain Trading Agent Competition - Procurement Challenge

This document contains the specifications of the 2009 Supply Chain Trading Agent Competition – Procurement Challenge (SCM-PC-09). The Challenge revolves around a PC assembly scenario, where trading agents developed by different teams compete for components required to assemble different types of PCs. The Challenge requires agents to manage supply chain risk by negotiating long-term, quantity flexible procurement contracts and supplementing these contracts with one-off procurement orders. As such, this challenge complements the current “baseline” TACSCM scenario by extending the space of procurement options available to supply chain trading agents. By and large, earlier versions of SCM-PC validated the model and showed that it was a viable scenario [6]. In 2009, we have added a purchase cap that limits the amount a supplier is willing to offer an agent during long-term contract negotiation. This captures the fact that suppliers in practice suppliers like to diversify their customer base, it also helps to discourage monopolistic strategies by agents.
On-the-Job Training and Intra-Family Dynamics

This paper shows that marital status and gender crucially impact whether individuals receive certain types of on-the-job training. Using data from the British Household Panel Survey, we show robust evidence that when training is self-financed, married workers have significantly lower participation rates, whereas women have higher rates. The correlation between demographic characteristics and the likelihood of receiving employer-sponsored training is instead much weaker. We rationalize the relationship between training incidence and marital status with a simple two-period collective model of the household with limited commitment, where contemporaneous training decisions affect future bargaining power within the household. The core prediction of the model is confirmed empirically: the likelihood to participate in self-financed on-the-job training is negatively affected by higher levels of (a proxy for) intra-household bargaining power of the spouse of the individual. The results suggest there is scope for policy to increase workers’ training participation rates by targeting individuals with weaker bargaining power within the household.
PERSONALITY MEASURES AND BIODATA: EVIDENCE REGARDING THEIR INCREMENTAL PREDICTIVE VALUE IN THE LIFE INSURANCE INDUSTRY

This study examines the extent to which a theoretically based set of personality measures can add incremental validity to an existing biodata instrument in terms of predicting both traditional (task) and expanded (contextual) dimensions of performance in the life insurance industry. Four of the Big Five measures of personality predicted contextual performance while just the Extraversion scale predicted task performance. This study demonstrates that personality measures can provide significant incremental prediction of contextual performance over biodata, and vice versa.
INSIDE THE ARAB NEWSROOM

In the years since 9/11, much has been written about the alleged bias and lack of professionalism in the Arab media. The first cross-border survey of Arab journalists finds that they have a mixed view of their own industry. They are frank about the lack of independence, fairness and professionalism among Arab news organizations. They admire the professionalism of their US counterparts, but give them low marks for fairness and independence. Overall, they have the highest regard for European journalists. Arab journalists have a mixed view of some of the traditional norms of Western journalism; they believe reporting should be infused with respect and that journalists may also be political activists, but they ultimately aspire to objectivity. They do not think their own media has been particularly objective in coverage of US Middle East policy, but they do believe they've been marginally more objective than their US counterparts.
Congestion pricing: A mechanism design approach

We study road congestion as a mechanism design problem. In our basic model we analyze the allocation of a set of drivers among two roads, one of which may be congested. An additional driver on the congestible road imposes an externality on the other drivers by increasing their travel time. Each driver is privately informed about her value of time and asked to report that value to the mechanism designer, who assigns drivers to roads. With a nite number of drivers, there is aggregate uncertainty and the efficient allocation is ex ante unknown. Setting a single Pigouvian price is then not optimal. However, the efficient allocation is implementable by a Vickrey-Clarke-Groves price schedule that lets each driver pay the externality she imposes on other drivers. This allows drivers to pay to have other drivers use the slow road instead of the congestible road. As the number of drivers becomes large, there is a single optimal Pigouvian price that leads to an efficient allocation. However, finding this price requires the mechanism designer to either know the precise distribution of the value of time or the use of our mechanism. We analyze some extensions and apply our model to various congestion problems arising in other contexts.
Economic value added: some empirical EVAdence

Traces the growth in the use of economic value added (EVA, previously known as residual income) and uses two previous research studies to assess some claims for its merits. Compares EVA’s ability to explain stock returns with that of earnings before extraordinary items (EBEI) and cash flow using 1984‐1993 US data; and finds EBEI is most closely related. Examines EVA’s incentive effects on management investing, financing and operating decisions and shows that, although EVA users decreased new investment, increased dispositions of assets, increased share repurchases, used assets more intensively and increased residual income, market reactions to this were weak. Suggests possible reasons for this and concludes that EVA may align management incentives with shareholders’ interests but this does not necessarily increase shareholder value.
Early Bronze Age Chronology: Radiocarbon Dates and Chronological Models from Tel Yarmuth (Israel)

Over the years, 40 radiocarbon samples (charcoal and seeds) have been measured from the site of Tel Yarmuth. These samples originate from 3 major archaeological periods: Final Early Bronze Age (henceforth EB) I, EB II, and EB IIIB-C. The samples are further on divided into 8 separate archaeological phases. Bayesian modeling analyses were performed on the data. Separate models were run with seeds and charcoals to detect a possible old-wood effect. Outliers were detected, and finally models with gaps were run to account for the lack of samples from 2 archaeological layers. The results suggest that at Tel Yarmuth the end of the EB II occurred ∼2950–2880 BC, and that the EB III ended at the latest ∼2450 BC, perhaps before 2500 BC. Although these dates are somewhat earlier than traditionally assumed, they are in close accordance with the new analysis of other 14C dates for the Early Bronze Age in the southern Levant (Regev et al., these proceedings).
CEO Contracting and Antitakeover Amendments

This article examines incentives for adopting antitakeover charter amendments (ATAs) that are associated with compensational contracts. The evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that antitakeover measures such as ATAs help managers protect above-market levels of compensation. Chief executive officers (CEOs) of firms that adopt ATAs receive higher salaries and more valuable option grants than CEOs at similar firms that do not adopt them. Furthermore, the magnitude of this difference increases following ATA adoption. The evidence is inconsistent with the hypothesis that ATAs facilitate the writing of efficient compensation contracts. Copyright 1997 by American Finance Association.
Examining the spatial consistency of palaeosol proxies: Implications for palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions in terrestrial sedimentary basins

Terrestrial sediments are a significant archive of past conditions, and the ‘critical zone’ in particular is important for understanding past and ongoing interactions between the atmosphere, biosphere and lithosphere. Understanding the details of a palaeolandscape or palaeocatena record can greatly improve palaeoenvironmental descriptions and palaeoclimate reconstructions during crucial time periods in the past. This article presents multi‐proxy data including palaeosol descriptions, major element geochemistry, magnetic composition and stable isotope geochemistry from an early Eocene palaeosol transect, which show distinct trends in palaeosol features and geochemistry across the landscape, particularly in terms of the differences between A‐horizon and B‐horizon samples. A‐horizon geochemical and physical features are highly variable and reflect other not strictly pedogenic controls, whereas B‐horizon composition is extremely consistent. Given that most palaeoclimatic or palaeoenvironmental proxies based on palaeosols use B‐horizon features, these results highlight the robustness of those proxies. At the same time, the difference between A‐horizons and B‐horizons and the variability within A‐horizons of the same palaeosol in different geomorphic settings underscores the importance of palaeosol description, detailed sampling, and a multi‐proxy approach to produce both precise and accurate reconstructions of past environments and climates using terrestrial sedimentary records.
CUSUM‐type testing for changing parameters in a spatial autoregressive model for stock returns

The article suggests a CUSUM‐type test for time‐varying parameters in a recently proposed spatial autoregressive model for stock returns and derives its asymptotic null distribution as well as local power properties. As can be seen from Euro Stoxx 50 returns, a combination of spatial modelling and change point tests might allow for superior risk forecasts in portfolio management.
Variable Selection in Varying-Coefficient Models Using P-Splines

In this article, we consider nonparametric smoothing and variable selection in varying-coefficient models. Varying-coefficient models are commonly used for analyzing the time-dependent effects of covariates on responses measured repeatedly (such as longitudinal data). We present the P-spline estimator in this context and show its estimation consistency for a diverging number of knots (or B-spline basis functions). The combination of P-splines with nonnegative garrote (which is a variable selection method) leads to good estimation and variable selection. Moreover, we consider APSO (additive P-spline selection operator), which combines a P-spline penalty with a regularization penalty, and show its estimation and variable selection consistency. The methods are illustrated with a simulation study and real-data examples. The proofs of the theoretical results as well as one of the real-data examples are provided in the online supplementary materials.
Context Determines Content: Quantum Physics as a Framework for `Wholeness' in Urban Transformation

We live in a divided world dominated by a fragmentary worldview that treats the wholeness of the human family, urban environments and social reality as inherently discrete, distanced and disconnected. This fragmentary perspective, emerging from Greek dualism and fuelled by the Newtonian mechanical view of the world with its Cartesian split of either/or understanding of reality, does not lead to wholeness. Almost all discussion of urban social policies emerges from a context of fragmented thinking. Drawing from quantum physics, this paper presents a theoretical framework, a new `context' for understanding urban environments and the implementing of programmes of urban transformation, including faith-based programmes. The paper examines examples of effective change agents who have made a difference in people's lives. It culminates with an analysis of the broken window theory and how the differences in approaches—fragmentation or wholeness—generate different results. The critical point is in recognising the energy patterns and operative attractor fields from which emerge negative or positive patterns of behaviour.
Sustainable Inventory Management Model for High-Volume Material with Limited Storage Space under Stochastic Demand and Supply

2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 3 NOTATION . 4 LIST OF ACRONYMS . 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS . 10 LIST OF FIGURES . 15 LIST OF TABLES . 19 Introduction . 20 A Systematic Literature Review about Inventory Management in the Steel Manufacturing Industry . 34 Inventory Management . 34 Types of Inventory . 35 Types of Inventory Costs . 37 Inventory Control . 37 Challenges of Inventory Control . 39 Initial Development of the EOQ Model . 41 History and Evolution of the EOQ Model. 42 Assumptions of EOQ Models . 45 EOQ Model Implementation . 47 Types of Inventory Models . 48 Inventory Models with Various Price-Dependent Demand Rate . 49 Inventory Models with Changing Time-Dependent Demand Rate . 51 Inventory Models with Various Lead-Time-Dependent Demand Rate . 56
The Structural and Magnetic Properties of Bi1-xYxFe1-yMnyO3 Particles Synthesized Via a Sol-Gel Technique

Bi1-xYxFe1-yMnyO3 (BYFMO, x = 0, 0.1; y = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25) particles were prepared via a sol-gel technique. The structural, morphological, optical, and ferromagnetic properties of the as-prepared BYFMO samples were analyzed. The crystal structures of all samples except Bi0.9Y0.1FeO3 (contain a small amount of Bi25FeO40) were single-phase and crystallize in a rhombohedral structure (space group, R-3c). All 13 active modes were observed in the Raman spectra of pure BFO, which further confirmed its rhombohedral structure. Ferromagnetic properties and enhanced magnetic were observed inBi0.9Y0.1Fe0.9Mn0.1O3 particlesand other Y-Mn co-doped particles, respectively.
Government Size, Economic Growth and Unemployment: Evidence from Advanced and Developing Economy Countries (A Time Series Analysis, 1996–2006)

The primary objective of this study is to estimate empirically the impact of government size on economic growth in 32 advanced and 51 developing countries from 1996 to 2006. Specifically, how do the effects of government size on economic growth in two groups of countries differ? In contrast to previous studies, this one attempts to gauge the relative effect of government size on economic growth by using a united regression model combining advanced and developing countries, as well as the same control variables. As theoretically expected, this study demonstrates that the effect of government size on economic growth is positive for developed countries and negative for advanced countries. Furthermore, the model confirms that the relative effect of government size on economic growth in developing countries is almost five times higher than in advanced ones. Another purpose of this study is to estimate the impact of government size on the unemployment rate in two groups of countries. The evidence from the regression results shows that greater government size is associated with a higher unemployment rate in both groups of countries. The study demonstrates that a larger government has a detrimental effect on economic growth, due, at least in part, to a higher unemployment rate. In addition, the model confirms that the relative effect of government size on the unemployment rate in developing countries is almost three times higher than in advanced countries. Finally, based on the result that government size has significantly different effects on economic growth and the unemployment rate across two groups of countries, this study implies that policy makers need to consider different levels and types of fiscal policies to improve economic growth depending on the country’s economic level.
Mathematical formulation of knitted fabric spirality using genetic programming

This paper proposes the use of genetic programming for the mathematical formulation of knitted fabric spirality. Both dry relaxed and wash-and-dry relaxed states of fabric spirality are studied. In total, six parameters are investigated, in which three parameters are derived from yarn and fabric, and the other three parameters are from the knitted condition. The three yarn and fabric parameters used are yarn twist liveliness, tightness factor and dyeing method, and the three knitting parameters are the number of feeders, rotational direction and gauge. Genetic programming is adopted to formulize the mathematical relationships between above the six parameters and two states of fabric spirality, respectively. For a comparison, a multiple linear regression approach is studied as well. The formulas generated by genetic programming and multiple regression for two states of spirality are comprehensively investigated and compared. Experimental results show that genetic programming, which can model non-linear mathematical relationships, obtains more accurate expressions than multiple regression for both dry relaxed and wash-and-dry relaxed states of spirality, demonstrating that genetic programming is a promising alternative for the mathematical formulation of fabric spirality.
Optimized selection of the random PWM switching frequencies in a limited pool

A new and simple idea is presented to optimize the selection of the switching frequencies in a limited-pool random pulse width modulation (RPWM) technique. This idea makes use of a novel formula to: (a) select the small number of switching frequencies in the pool; and (b) provide a numerical value that serves as a "figure of merit" of the line-to-line voltage spectrum for comparing different PWM and RPWM techniques. The limited-pool RPWM is implemented in a Texas Instruments (TI) TMS320C240 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) controlling an inverter-driven three-phase induction motor (IM). The advantages of the proposed ideas are illustrated through an analysis of measurements of the line-to-line voltage and acoustic noise spectra.
Beta-blocker and its Neuropsychiatric effects

Norepinephrine from locus coeruleus plays roles in memory processes and behavioral controls. Locus coeruleus change is found in the primary neurodegenerative disease. The disruption of this central adrenergic pathway could contribute to neuropsychiatric symptoms. β-blockers which are indicated in many conditions both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases, directly interrupt the adrenergic pathway. Their peripheral effects are well understood but the neuropsychiatric effects are still questionable. Previous evidence postulated that the medication may cause behavioral impairment. This review focused on neuropsychiatric effects which were related to β-blockers and their underlying mechanisms. These neuropharmacologic properties should be necessary for healthcare personnel to be aware of the side effects and closely take care of the patients who taking β-blockers.
Strategic Manifesto Differentiation: Moving to the Center vs. Periphery

Political parties design their manifestos not just to appeal to the median voter, but also to differentiate themselves from competitors. However, the imperative for strategic differentiation varies with relative electoral capabilities. We posit that when government and opposition parties espouse identical platforms, the former's valence advantage allows it to attract a greater share of voters. As such, government parties tend to move towards the vote-rich center of the policy spectrum. The platforms of opposition parties, by contrast, veer towards the ideological periphery, because they are designed to be clearly distinct from and critical of the government. Our analysis, which is based on data from a cross-section of developed democracies, speaks to ongoing debates about comparative voter behavior. The paper's findings suggest that government parties seek closer " proximity " to voters, while opposition parties play to more extreme, " directional " voters. Strategic Policy Differentiation 3 1. Introduction It goes without saying that the foundation of representative democracy is the ability of voters to elect their legislators. To the extent that voters are sensitive to the policy outputs of future governments, the electoral marketplace incentivizes political parties to advocate policy programs, or manifestos, that appeal to the electorate. Of course, voter preference is dynamic, in that it changes over time with economic conditions, social norms, and international events. For parties, electoral survival depends on being responsive to these shifts in voter attitudes. Much of the literature views policy shifts as a decision-theoretic response to voters: when the electorate becomes more progressive or conservative, parties move accordingly. However, we contend that there is a more strategic dimension to policy shifts. Because voters make ballot choices
Numerical Simulation of Flows Driven by a Torsionally Oscillating Lid in a Square Cavity

Numerical studies were made of the flow of a viscous fluid in a two-dimensional square container. The flows are driven by the top sliding wall, which executes sinusoidal oscillations. Numerical solutions were acquired by solving the time-dependent, two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Results are presented for wide ranges of two principal physical parameters, i.e., Re, the Reynolds number and ω', the nondimensional frequency of the lid oscillation. Comprehensive details of the flow structure are presented
Numerical solution of complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equation by collocation method

The collocation method using quintic B-spline is derived for solving the complex modified Korteweg-de Vries (CMKdV). The method is based on Crank-Nicolson formulation for time integration and quintic B-spline functions for space integration. The von Neumann stability is used to prove that the scheme is unconditionally stable. Newton's method is used to solve the nonlinear block pentadiagonal system obtained. Numerical tests for single, two, and three solitons are used to assess the performance of the proposed scheme. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Impact of Mental Illness on Parenting Capacity in A Child Custody Matter

Recently, courts have seen an increase in cases where a parent has an alleged or documented mental illness. Understanding whether there is a mental illness and what the symptoms are and determining the meaning of this information for parenting and child functioning present a host of challenges for judges, custody evaluators, and attorneys. We offer an example of a custody evaluator's inquiry and present a functional-contextual model for considering the significant parental capacities and vulnerabilities that impact child functioning, in order to better make decisions about parent access and treatment. Practitioner Keypoints: Understand how to effectively integrate mental health information into matters of custody Identify parenting and co-parenting tasks and behaviors that may be affected by mental illness Identify parenting capacities that are linked to child outcomes Review a step-by-step decision-making process to effectively examine allegations of mental illness during a custody evaluation or dispute