Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comovement and Predictability Relationships Between Bonds and the Cross-Section of Stocks

Government bonds comove more strongly with bond-like stocks: stocks of large, mature, lowvolatility, profitable, dividend-paying firms that are neither high growth nor distressed. Variables that are derived from the yield curve that are already known to predict returns on bonds also predict returns on bond-like stocks; investor sentiment, a predictor of the cross-section of stock returns, also predicts excess bond returns. These relationships remain in place even when bonds and stocks become “decoupled” at the index level. They are driven by a combination of effects including correlations between real cash flows on bonds and bond-like stocks, correlations between their risk-based return premia, and periodic flights to quality.  We appreciate helpful comments from editor Jeff Pontiff, anonymous referees, Vito Gala, Robin Greenwood, Pascal Maenhoet, Stefan Nagel, Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh, Geoff Verter, and Pierre-Olivier Weill, and participants of seminars at the American Finance Association 2010 meeting, Barclays Global Investors, Cornell University, Drexel University, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the National Bureau of Economic Research, Northwestern University, UC Davis, UCLA, Temple University, the University of Texas at Austin, the University of Toronto, and Stanford University. We thank the Investment Company Institute for data on mutual fund flows. Baker gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Division of Research of the Harvard Business School. Comovement and Predictability Relationships Between Bonds and the Cross-Section of Stocks Abstract Government bonds comove more strongly with bond-like stocks: stocks of large, mature, lowvolatility, profitable, dividend-paying firms that are neither high growth nor distressed. Variables that are derived from the yield curve that are already known to predict returns on bonds also predict returns on bond-like stocks; investor sentiment, a predictor of the cross-section of stock returns, also predicts excess bond returns. These relationships remain in place even when bonds and stocks become “decoupled” at the index level. They are driven by a combination of effects including correlations between real cash flows on bonds and bond-like stocks, correlations between their risk-based return premia, and periodic flights to quality.Government bonds comove more strongly with bond-like stocks: stocks of large, mature, lowvolatility, profitable, dividend-paying firms that are neither high growth nor distressed. Variables that are derived from the yield curve that are already known to predict returns on bonds also predict returns on bond-like stocks; investor sentiment, a predictor of the cross-section of stock returns, also predicts excess bond returns. These relationships remain in place even when bonds and stocks become “decoupled” at the index level. They are driven by a combination of effects including correlations between real cash flows on bonds and bond-like stocks, correlations between their risk-based return premia, and periodic flights to quality.
Using Sentinel-1 wet snow maps to inform fully-distributed physically-based snowpack models

Distributed energy and mass-balance snowpack models at sub-kilometric scale have emerged as a tool for snow-hydrological forecasting over large areas. However, their development and evaluation often rely on a handful of well observed sites on ﬂat terrain with limited topographic representativeness. Validation of such models over large scales in rugged terrain is therefore necessary. Remote sensing of wet snow has always been motivated by its potential utility in snow hydrology. However, its concrete potential to enhance physically based operational snowpack models in real time remains unproven. Wet 5 snow maps could potentially help reﬁning the temporal accuracy of simulated snowmelt onset, while the information content of remotely sensed snow cover fraction pertains predominantly to the ablation season. In this work, wet snow maps, derived from Sentinel-1 and snow cover fraction (SCF) retrieval from Sentinel-2 are compared against model results from a fully distributed energy-balance snow model (FSM2oshd). The comparative analysis spans the winter seasons from 2017 to 2021, focusing on the geographic region of Switzerland. We use the concept of wet snow line (WSL) to compare Sentinel-1 wet snow maps with 10 simulations. We show that while the match of the model with ﬂat-ﬁeld snow depth observation is excellent, the WSL reveals insufﬁcient snow melt in the southern aspects. Amending the albedo parametrization within FSM2oshd allowed achieving earlier melt in such aspects preferentially, thereby reducing WSL biases. Biases with respect to Sentinel-2 snow line (SL) observations were also substantially reduced. These results suggest that wet snow maps contain valuable real-time information for snowpack models, nicely complementing ﬂat-ﬁeld snow depth observations, particularly in complex terrain and at higher 15 elevations. The persisting correlation between wet snow line and snow line biases provides insights into reﬁned development, tuning and data assimilation methodologies for operational snow-hydrological modelling.
Becker Digital

Piperacillin-tazobactam (P/T) is a (cid:2) -lactam– (cid:2) -lactamase inhibitor combination frequently used in the hospital setting. Etest is a gradient diffusion method that represents an alternative to broth microdilution (BMD) for performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing. We conducted a multicenter evaluation of the performance of the new P/T Etest compared to that of BMD following U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and International Standards Organization (ISO) standard ISO 20776-2 criteria using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)-FDA and European Committee on Anti-microbial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) interpretive breakpoints, respectively. A total of 977 isolates (775 Enterobacterales isolates, 119 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, and 83 Acinetobacter baumannii complex isolates) were tested. Overall essential agreement (EA) was 96.4% and 96.6% for Enterobacterales when FDA and ISO 20776-2 criteria, respectively, were followed. EA was 98.3% for P. aeruginosa and 91.6% for the A. baumannii complex when both the FDA and ISO criteria were followed. Applying CLSI-FDA break-points, categorical agreement (CA) reached 93.0%, 93.3%, and 89.2% for the Enterobacte-rales , P. aeruginosa , and the A. baumannii complex, respectively. Two very major errors (VMEs; 1.1%) were found among the Enterobacterales (for 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae iso-lates). No additional major errors (MEs) or VMEs were found. Applying EUCAST breakpoints, CA was 94.8% and 95.8% for Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa , respectively (no breakpoints are currently available for the A. baumannii complex). No VMEs were observed among the Enterobacterales , but 2 (0.4%) MEs were found. Among the P. aeruginosa isolates, 2 (6.9%) VMEs and 3 (3.3%) MEs were observed. These errors resulted when P/T Etest MICs were 1 doubling dilution apart from the BMD MICs. In conclusion, the new P/T Etest represents an accurate tool for performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Enterobacterales , P. aeruginosa , and A. baumannii complex isolates with limited category errors.
Managerial perspectives on human resource practice interaction effects and organizational performance in SMEs

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to clarify the human resource management (HRM) literature in small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by empirically identifying possible combinations of HRM practices from the perspective of managers, and analyzing the relationships among them and with organizational performance in order to identify which combinations are most effective. Design/Methodology/Approach: Using the AMO (Ability-Motivation-Opportunity) framework, we ask whether there are significant interactions between AMO-based HRM bundles and, if so, to what degree and by what means they influence organizational performance. To explore this question, we tested a theoretical model using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques and compared the interaction and main effects. The research sample comprises SMEs operating in the Basque Region of Spain. Findings: The study confirms the existence of hierarchies among bundles. The practices most strongly related to the SMEs’ performance lie in the bundle of motivation-enhancing practices. The results indicate that motivation-enhancing practices have a positive effect on organizational performance and when they are combined with ability-enhancing practices this effect grows. Research limitations/implications: The cross-sectional nature of the data means that it is not possible to establish clear causal relationships among the variables studied. It would therefore be beneficial in the future to use longitudinal designs and examine cause-effect over time, as well as use samples from other geographic locations. Practical Implications
Identi�cation of a Family with van der Hoeve's syndrome Harboring a Novel COL1A1 Mutation and Generation of Patient-Derived iPSC Lines and CRISPR/Cas9-Corrected Isogenic iPSCs

Van der Hoeve's syndrome, also known as osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), is a genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile, fracture-prone bone and hearing loss. The disease is caused by a gene mutation in one of the two type I collagen genes COL1A1 or COL1A2. In this study, we identi�ed a novel frameshift mutation of the COL1A1 gene (c.1607delG) in a family with OI using whole-exome sequencing, bioinformatics analysis and Sanger sequencing. This mutation may lead to the deletion of a portion of exon 23 and the generation of a premature stop codon in the COL1A1 gene. To further investigate the impact of this mutation, we established two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of OI patients carrying a novel mutation in the COL1A1 gene. Using a CRISPR-based homology-directed repair strategy, we corrected the OI disease-causing COL1A1 novel mutations in iPSCs generated from an affected individual. Two OI patients' iPSCs and corrected OI-iPSC lines displayed a normal karyotype, morphology, pluripotency, and potential to differentiate into three germ layers. These �ndings demonstrate the potential of iPSCs derived from affected OI patients and corrected OI-iPSCs as a tool to study the pathophysiologic mechanisms of speci�c mutations. Overall, our results provide new insights into the genetic basis of Van der Hoeve's syndrome and highlight the potential of iPSC technology for disease modeling and therapeutic development.
Involvement of the GABAA Receptor in the Antidepressant-Like Effects Produced by Low and High Doses of the Flavonoid Chrysin in the Rat: A Longitudinal Study.

BACKGROUND The flavonoid chrysin produces rapid and long-lasting anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in rats. However, it is not known whether low and high doses of chrysin produce differential anti-immobility effects through the Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid sub-type A (GABAA) receptor. The goal of this work was therefore to compare low and high doses of chrysin for their effects on depression-like behavior in a longitudinal study. Moreover, chrysin was compared with the serotonergic fluoxetine and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)ergic allopregnanolone, and its involvement with the GABAA receptor after chronic treatment was also investigated. METHODS Male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups (n = 8 each): vehicle, 1 mg/kg chrysin, 5 mg/kg chrysin, 1 mg/kg fluoxetine, and 1 mg/kg allopregnanolone. In the first experiment, treatments were injected daily and the effects on locomotor activity and the forced swim test were evaluated at 0, 1, 14, and 28 days of treatment, and 48 h after the final treatment. In the second experiment, similar groups were treated for 28 days with injection of 1 mg/kg picrotoxin to investigate the role of the GABAA receptor. Depending on the experimental design, one- and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used for statistical analysis, with p < 0.05 set as the criteria for significance. RESULTS In both experiments, the treatments did not alter locomotor activity. However, low and high doses of chrysin, allopregnanolone, and fluoxetine gradually produced antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test, and maintained this effect for 48 h post-treatment, except with low dose chrysin. Picrotoxin blocked the antidepressant-like effects produced by low dose chrysin, but did not affect those produced by high dose chrysin, allopregnanolone, or fluoxetine. CONCLUSIONS The differential antidepressant-like effects caused by low and high doses of chrysin are time-dependent. Low dose chrysin produces a rapid antidepressant-like effect, whereas high dose chrysin produces a delayed but sustained the effect, even 48 h after withdrawal. The effect with high dose chrysin was similar to that observed with allopregnanolone and fluoxetine. The mechanism for the antidepressant-like effect of low chrysin appears to be GABAergic, whereas the effect of high dose chrysin may involve other neurotransmission and neuromodulation systems related to the serotonergic system.
Becker Digital

: Body composition is a key component for maintaining good general health and longevity. It can be inﬂuenced by a variety of factors, including genetics, environment, and lifestyle choices. The assessment of body composition is an essential tool for nutrition specialists to effectively evaluate nutritional status and monitor progression during dietary interventions. As humans age, there is a natural increase in fat mass coupled with a gradual decline in lean mass, speciﬁcally in bone and muscle mass. Individuals with a high body fat percentage are at a greater risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, several types of cancer, and early mortality. Signiﬁcant decreases in bone mineral density signify osteopenia and osteoporosis, while reductions in skeletal muscle mass increase the risk of developing sarcopenia. Moreover, undernutrition exacerbates the effects of many medical conditions and is important to address. Though weight tracking and calculation of BMI are used commonly by clinicians and dietitians, these measures do not provide insight on the relative contributions of fat mass and fat-free mass or the changes in these compartments that may reﬂect disease risk. Therefore, it is important that healthcare professionals have a critical understanding of body composition assessment and the strengths and limitations of the methods available.
“As an AI language model, I cannot”: Investigating LLM Denials of User Requests

Users ask large language models (LLMs) to help with their home-work, for lifestyle advice, or for support in making challenging decisions. Yet LLMs are often unable to fulfil these requests, either as a result of their technical inabilities or policies restricting their responses. To investigate the effect of LLMs denying user requests, we evaluate participants’ perceptions of different denial styles. We compare specific denial styles (baseline, factual, diverting, and opinionated) across two studies, respectively focusing on LLM’s technical limitations and their social policy restrictions. Our results indicate significant differences in users’ perceptions of the denials between the denial styles. The baseline denial, which provided participants with brief denials without any motivation, was rated significantly higher on frustration and significantly lower on usefulness, appropriateness, and relevance. In contrast, we found that participants generally appreciated the diverting denial style. We provide design recommendations for LLM denials that better meet peoples’ denial expectations.
Interpretable Object Recognition by Semantic Prototype Analysis

People can usually give reasons for recognizing a particular object as a specific category, using various means such as body language (by pointing out) and natural language (by telling). This inspires us to develop a recognition model with such principles to explain the recognition process to enhance human trust. We propose S emantic P rototype A nalysis Net work (SPANet), an interpretable object recognition approach that enables models to explicate the decision process more lucidly and comprehensibly to humans by “pointing out where to focus” and “telling about why it is” simultaneously. With the proposed method, some part prototypes with semantic concepts will be provided to elaborate on the classification together with a group of visualized samples to achieve both part-wise and semantic interpretability. The results of extensive experiments demonstrate that SPANet is able to recognize objects almost as well as the non-interpretable models, at the same time generating intelligible explanations for its decision process.
Environmental variation in sex ratios and sexual dimorphism in three wind-pollinated dioecious plant species

Variation in plant sex ratios is often attributable to sex-specific mortality in heterogeneous environments that differentially limit male and female plant reproduction. Yet sexual dimorphism and plastic responses to environmental heterogeneity are common and may co-vary with variation in sex ratios. Here, we show that the sex ratio and the degree of sexual dimorphism for a number of plant traits varied along climatic and elevation gradients in three wind-pollinated dioecious species, Rumex lunaria , Urtica dioica and Salix helvetica . Some of the observed sex-specific responses to climatic variation are consistent with greater sensitivity of females to water scarcity, but most responses rather point to the greater sensitivity of males to ecological stress, consistent with larger male reproductive effort, as has been commonly reported for wind-pollinated plants. In contrast, we found no evidence for variation in either sex ratios or sexual dimorphism expected under sexual selection. Interestingly, sex ratios and sexual dimorphism varied both along distinct and the same ecological axes of variation, suggesting that the evolution of sexual dimorphism in the measured traits was not sufficient to prevent sex-specific mortality.
Novelty Begets Long-Term Popularity, But Curbs Participation A Macroscopic View of the Python Open-Source Ecosystem

Who creates the most innovative open-source software projects? And what fate do these projects tend to have? Building on a long history of research to understand innovation in business and other domains, as well as recent advances towards modeling innovation in scientific research from the science of science field, in this paper we adopt the analogy of innovation as emerging from the novel recombination of existing bits of knowledge. As such, we consider as innovative the software projects that recombine existing software libraries in novel ways, i.e., those built on top of atypical combinations of packages as extracted from import statements. We then report on a large-scale quantitative study of innovation in the Python open-source software ecosystem. Our results show that higher levels of innovativeness are statistically associated with higher GitHub star counts, i.e., novelty begets popularity. At the same time, we find that controlling for project size, the more innovative projects tend to involve smaller teams of contributors, as well as be at higher risk of becoming abandoned in the long term. We conclude that innovation and open source sustainability are closely related and, to some extent, antagonistic.
An Exploitation Ecosystem Model for Fan-based Labour in the Games Industry

This paper will introduce the Exploitation Ecosystem (ExEc) model, which is based upon the foundational work of Dyer-Witheford and de Peuter (2006), Crane (2013), and Barrientos et al. (2013). The ExEc model organises and synthesizes research in slavery, exploitation, and precarious work into a more focused structure that can be applied to understanding exploitation in affluent modern economies. The model re-categorises the work of previous researchers and integrates them in a holistic approach, represented across two layers in the proposed model. The basic architecture of the model is introduced, revealing three aspects to exploitation: organisational, societal and individual, and is illustrated via examples. The ExEc model is particularly relevant to domains that rely heavily on fan passion and third-party content creators for their success, such as the games industry.
DYNAMICS OF THE PLANT COMMUNITY AND MICROBIOM OF CHRONO-SERIES OF POST-TECHNOLOGICAL SOIL IN LIMESTONE QUARRY IN THE CONDITIONS OF RECULTIVATION

Post-technogenic ecosystems represent informative natural models of initial pedogenesis and restoration under the abandoned and reclamation practices. These soils can be considered as natural experiments on restoration of microbial communities within the age row (time series or chronoseries). Investigation of different aged stages of soil formation on the spoil banks of the quarries give a possibility to obtain initial data on the rate and trends of the pedogenesis in various com-binations of substrates and phytocenosis. Among the quarries of mineral substrates in North-West region, particular place is devoted to quarries for lime stone exploitation located on Izhora upland. The purpose of this study conducted in one of the largest limestone quarries of Leningrad region was to examine succession of plant and microbial communities. Species composition and vegetation cov-er were estimated for different plant communities within each ecotype of quarry. Also at the each plot the following characteristics of soil were measured: pH; organic carbon; soil basal respiration and substrate induced respiration; texture; CO 2 of carbonates and moisture content. Total soil DNA was exctracted using PowerSoil  DNA Isolation Kit (Mo Bio Laboratories, Inc., USA), sequencing of v4, the variable region of 16S rRNA gene pDNA, was conducted using a third-generation GS Junior sequenator (Roshe, Switzerland). The results were processed using the QIIME software. To compare microbial communities, the alpha and beta diversity analyses were performed. Our results highlighted that the main difference between plant communities of different plots were due to posi-tion in the landscape, most similar communities colonize similar ecotypes. The microbial communities of the old (35 years or more) 567 be identified. The main issue for successful soil reclamation is the restoration of the microbial community. It was shown that copiotrophes, the microorganisms adapted to high concentration of soil nutrients, dominate in the youngest soils. As microbial succession proceeded, oligotrophs which are involved in organic matter decomposition become dominating. It was established that the processes connected with transformation of organic matter became the main drivers of soil formation, which is especially important for initial stages of soil body restoration. Data on soil microbiomes and microbiomes of soil-vegetation complexes could be the most important tools for reclamation practices.
ANNALES DE L’INSTITUT FOURIER

— The density conjecture of Katz and Sarnak predicts that, for natural families of L-functions, the distribution of zeros lying near the real axis is governed by a group of symmetry. In the case of the universal family of automorphic forms on a totally deﬁnite quaternion algebra, we determine the associated distribution for a restricted class of test functions in the analytic conductor aspect. In particular it leads to non-trivial results on densities of non-vanishing at the central point. Résumé.