Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The "African" Shrimp Genus Potamalpheops in Australia, with the Description of P. hanleyi, New Species (Decapoda: Alpheidae)

Small shrimps collected from a mangrove creek in Darwin Harbor, Northern Territory, Australia, belong to a new species of alpheid shrimp, Potamalpheops hanleyi, which is described and illustrated. The genus Potamalpheops, not previously recorded from the Australian continent, is known from four species in West Africa, in brackish and fresh water, and a single species occurring in a cave in Mexico. The disjunct distribution on three continents suggests an ancient origin for the genus and an original Tethyan distribution. The genus Potamalpheops was first designated by Powell (1979) to include P. pylorus Powell from Nigeria, as well as two other species, originally described as species of Alpheopsis by Coutiere (1906) and Sollaud (1932), P. haugi from Gabon and P. monodi from the Cameroons and Senegal, respectively. The genus is also represented in Central America by a single troglobitic species, P. stygicola (Hobbs, 1973), from Oaxaca, Mexico, originally also placed in the genus Alpheopsis by Hobbs (1973) and subsequently transferred to the genus Potamalpheops by Hobbs (1983). The discovery of a further species on another continent, Australia, therefore represents a very considerable increase in the known distribution of the genus. The present lack of records between the known occurrences of species of Potamalpheops suggests that they represent relict populations derived from a former wider distribution, and an ancient origin in Tethyan seas.
Influência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares sobre o desenvolvimento vegetativo de porta-enxertos de abacateiro

Resumo n O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a influŒncia da inoculaAao de seis espOcies de fungos micorrIzicos arbusculares (FMA) (Glomus clarum, Scutellospora heterogama, Glomus etunicatum, Acaulospora scrobiculata, Gigaspora margarita e Glomus manihotis) no desenvolvimento vegetativo, nutriAao mineral e conteœdo de subst‚ncias de reserva em porta-enxertos de abacateiro (Persea†sp.), oriundos de caroAos. Os porta-enxertos foram cultivados em casa de vegetaAao com cobertura de sombrite (70%) e acondicionados em sacos de polietileno preto (5†L), contendo substrato constituIdo de solo†+ areia†+ resIduo decomposto de casca de acAEcia-negra (Acacia mearnii) (2:2:1, v:v:v). Dois meses apUs a infecAao das pl‚ntulas com FMA (30 g/pl‚ntula), observou-se que a dependŒncia do abacateiro aos FMA variou com a espOcie de fungo em estudo. Scutellospora heterogama, Acaulospora scrobiculata e Glomus etunicatum proporcionaram melhor nutriAao, maior conteœdo em subst‚ncias de reserva e maior desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas. Glomus clarum somente incrementou a altura das plantas. A infecAao com Glomus manihotis nao alterou o desenvolvimento vegetativo dos porta-enxertos, e Gigaspora margarita foi prejudicial. Termos para indexaAao: endomicorrizas, inoculaAao, nutriAao das plantas, etapas de desenvolvimento da planta. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on vegetative growth of avocado rootstocks
Energy Management in Energy Harvesting Wireless Networks: A Reinforcement Learning Framework

—In this paper, we propose a novel energy management algorithm based on the reinforcement learning to optimize the net bit rate in energy harvesting (EH) networks. By utilizing deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG), the proposed algorithm is applicable for the continuous states and realizes the continuous energy management. With only one day’s real solar data and the simulative channel data for training, the proposed algorithm shows excellent performance in the validation with about 800 days length of real solar data. Compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves better performance in terms of long-term average net bit rate.
Targeted technologies for nitrous oxide abatement from animal agriculture

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions account for ~10% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with most of these emissions (~90%) deriving from agricultural practices. Animal agriculture potentially contributes up to 50% of total agricultural N2O emissions. In intensive animal agriculture, high N2O emission rates generally coincide with anaerobic soil conditions and high soil NO3–, primarily from animal urine patches. This paper provides an overview of animal, feed-based and soil or management abatement technologies for ruminant animal agriculture targeted at reducing the size of the soil NO3– pool or improving soil aeration. Direct measurements of N2O emissions from potential animal and feed-based intervention technologies are scarce. However, studies have shown that they have the potential to reduce urinary N excretion by 3–60% and thus reduce associated N2O emissions. Research on the effect of soil and water management interventions is generally further advanced and N2O reduction potentials of up to 90% have been measured in some instances. Of the currently available technologies, nitrification inhibitors, managing animal diets and fertiliser management show the best potential for reducing emissions in the short-term. However, strategies should always be evaluated in a whole-system context, to ensure that reductions in one part of the system do not stimulate higher emissions elsewhere. Current technologies reviewed here could deliver up to 50% reduction from an animal housing system, but only up to 15% from a grazing-based system. However, given that enteric methane emissions form the majority of emissions from grazing systems, a 15% abatement of N2O is likely to translate to a 2–4% decrease in total GHG emissions at a farm scale. Clearly, further research is needed to develop technologies for improving N cycling and reducing N2O emissions from grazing-based animal production systems.
A MODIFIED YEMM AND COCKING NINHYDRIN REAGENT FOR PEPTIDASE ASSAY

A modified Yemm and Cocking ninhydrin–cyanide reagent has been developed which gives quantitative color yields with free amino acids, but much lower yields with most peptides tested. Using this reagent, a more sensitive assay for peptidase activity has been developed, and its use in column fractionation of peptidase activity is described.The ϵ values for peptides, obtained with the modified reagent, are compared to those obtained with the conventional ninhydrin–hydrindantin reagent. The formation of Ruhmann's Purple by the modified reagent is inhibited by Tris buffer. No inhibition occurs with the ninhydrin–hydrandantin reagent. The absorption spectra of the two reaction mixtures indicate that Tris reacts in a different manner with the two reagents.
Optimized Autonomous Operation Control to Maintain the Frequency, Voltage and Accurate Power Sharing for DGs in Islanded Systems

Most of the launched power electronics-enabled distributed generators (DGs) adopt phase-locked-loop (PLL) synchronization control. In this paper, we delve into two different autonomous operation control (AOC) strategies to ensure the frequency/voltage profile and accurate power sharing for such DGs in islanded systems. The commonly used AOC is based on the concept of active power-frequency (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P-f$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and reactive power-voltage magnitude (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q-V$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) droop and deployed in a decentralized way. It is frequently criticized for inaccurate reactive power sharing between DGs, subject to the mismatch in their output impedances. To cope with this issue, we first design a local AOC using the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P-f$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q-\dot {V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (i.e., the time derivate of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) droop concept, where the desired reactive power sharing can be achieved at the expense of a marginal and allowable <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V$ </tex-math></inline-formula> excursion. Then, we develop an optimization-based AOC that is implemented through a continuous-time alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm and neighborhood communication. Equilibrium analysis and local asymptotic stability of the proposed AOC strategies are both established using a Lyapunov method. Finally, simulations are carried out in two islanded systems to validate the improvement in power sharing under a wide range of possible system conditions.
Study on effective berry-independent method for grapevine evaluation

The quality and characteristics of grape are fundamentally determined by its biochemical components. Quantitative detection of these components in berries is a classic method to evaluate grapevine resources. However, fruits are not always available for the new generated grape plantlets due to their long juvenile stage (3 to 4 years), as well as for many other potential valuable germplasm resources, such as wild grapes. Therefore, an effective berry-independent method for grapevine evaluation should have great significance. Data were provided from both leaves and berries for 2 groups of grapevine: one group is 12 genotype different varieties or species from environmental similar collections; the other group is one variety of wine grape with 18 different treatments. After quantitative correlation tests, 9 in total 11 detected parameters in genotype different (GD) group and 5 in 9 detected parameters in treatment different (TD) group, respectively, were significantly correlated between leaf and berry, respectively were found. Higher correlation coefficients were found in GD group than in TD group. Parameters of leaf reducing sugar, total flavonoids and superoxide anion scavenging capacity were found significantly correlated to berry, in both groups. These parameters with significant correlation may potentially be used as metabolite markers to estimate the qualities and characters of some new grapevine germplasm, by using the obtained data from leaves. The prospects of this leave-dependent evaluation method have also been discussed in this report.
C-phycocyanin extraction from Spirulina platensis oven-dried biomass

CPhycocyanin is a natural blue pigment used in food and pharmaceutical industry. In the present study, C-phycocyanin extraction from cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis was investigated using various conditions. The effects of solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time on C-phycocyanin concentration, extract purity and yield of extraction were considered to optimize conditions for phycocyanin extraction. The optimum condition for the extraction of C-phycocyanin was the solid-liquid ratio, 1:15, 25°C and 24 h. Under this condition an extract of C-phycocyanin concentration of 6.88 mg ml and extract purity of 3.54 were obtained.
The Influence of Women Personality and Career Satisfaction in Electrical and Electronic Industry: The Reliability Test

This paper aimed to study the influence between personality and subjective career success mainly focus on career satisfaction among women in electrical and electronic sector in Malaysia. Therefore, this study review the personality traits consist of neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience and agreeableness in predicting subjective career success. The fewer study in non-western context on women career satisfaction especially Malaysia enable this paper to understand the influence of women characteristics and subjective career success based on manufacturing industry. The research applied structured questionnaire in English version. The survey involve 100 respondents in middle management. This paper enriches the literature of women career success and provides insight recommendation in manufacturing industry
Excrement distribution and habitat use in Rhinopithecus bieti in winter

Winter ranging patterns of Rhinopithecus bieti were determined using feces as the ranging trace. The appearance of the feces was unique in the study habitat. The sampled habitats were a well‐forested area and a partly altered one. Analyses of excrement distribution showed: (1) monkeys tended to use the upper part of the forest belt, ranging between 3,900 and 4,100 m above sea level; (2) monkeys came to the ground and used the partly altered habitat, where only some forest remained; (3) the structure of resources had little influence on determining the ranging elevation; and (4) the animals spent more time in the local valley than on the local ridge, probably using the former as a sleeping site.
DECISION MAKING COMPETENCIES AND RISK BEHAVIOUR OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Risk behaviour is the result of various social, demographic, motivational and cognitive factors. Social and personality characteristics are the focus in risk behaviour research. The role of cognitive characteristics is relatively less known. The aim of the present research was to examine different types of adolescent health-risk behaviour using gender and decision-making competencies as possible predictors. The role of decision-making competencies was investigated using regression within a cross-sectional design. University students from Slovakia (n=205) completed six components of the AdultDecision Making Competence and reported on their substance use (cigarette, marijuana, LSD, amphetamines, excessive drinking) and risk sexual behaviour. Binary logistic and linear regression was performed to assess the relationship between decision-making competencies and risk behaviour. No Some gender differences in risk behaviour were found and differences in two of the six decision-making competencies were present. A higher prevalence of risk behaviour was negatively associated with only a small number of decision-making competencies, which depended on the type of risk behaviour. The results show a limited effect of decision-making competencies on risk behaviour with a mixed pattern in different kinds of studied behaviour.
Susceptibility of Megalurothrips sjostedti developmental stages to Metarhizium anisopliae and the effects of infection on feeding, adult fecundity, egg fertility and longevity

The susceptibility of immature stages of the legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti, to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, was investigated under laboratory conditions. The adult stage was found to be more susceptible to infection than the larval and pupal stages. Mortality at all stages was dose‐dependent, with the highest concentration of 1×108 conidia ml−1 producing the highest mortality (26, 46 and 100% for larvae, pupae and adults, respectively) at 8 days post‐inoculation. At the same concentration, daily pollen consumption was significantly reduced at 2 days after treatment in infected adults but more slowly in infected larvae. Fecundity, egg fertility and longevity in adults surviving infection as larvae were significantly reduced compared to the control.
Notes from the AI frontier: Tackling bias in AI (and in humans)

These complex challenges relating to computer algorithms are not new. In 1988, the UK Commission for Racial Equality found a British medical school guilty of discrimination because the computer program it was using to determine which applicants would be invited for interviews was determined to be biased against women and applicants with non-European names.1 However, the program had been developed to match human admissions decisions, doing so with 90 to 95 percent accuracy. What’s more, the school had a higher proportion of non-European students admitted than most other London medical schools—meaning the “biased” algorithm still produced less biased results than humans at other schools. Finally, the human admissions officers’ biases would probably never have been demonstrated but for the use of the program.
Identification and characterization of new sources of resistance to Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in soybean lines

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, is a pest of soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] in Asia, and its recent establishment in North America has led to large, recurring outbreaks that have challenged pest management practitioners to seek environmentally responsible means for its control. Growth-chamber experiments identified resistance to A. glycines in soybean lines ‘Perrin’; ‘Tracy-M,’ its glabrous near-isoline ‘D88-5328,’ and its densely pubescent near-isoline ‘D88-5272’; ‘D75-10169,’ its glabrous near-isoline ‘D90-9216,’ and a densely pubescent near-isoline ‘D90-9220. ’ Tracy-M and D75-10169 were antixenotic to A. glycines in host-selection tests. In no-choice nymphiposition tests, the number of nymphs deposited by A. glycines on D75-10169, Perrin, and Tracy-M did not differ from that on other lines after 24- and 48-h test periods. Under conditions in which A. glycines were free to distribute on plants over a 48-h period, aphids were found primarily on stems and trifoliolate leaves of Perrin, Tracy-M, D75-10169 and a resistant control, ‘Dowling,’ whereas the majority of aphids infesting susceptible lines ‘91B91’ and ‘Davis’ were distributed on unifoliolate leaves. Irrespective of shoot structure, low numbers of A. glycines were found on Dowling compared to other lines. The mean number of days to reproductive maturity for A. glycines did not differ among lines. Aphis glycines produced fewer nymphs during the first 7 d of reproduction on Perrin, Tracy-M, D75-10169 and Dowling compared to Davis, and fewer A. glycines progeny were produced on D75-10169 and Dowling than on 91B91. Results show that Dowling continues to be a strong source of resistance to A. glycines. Perrin, Tracy-M, and D75-10169 have been used as sources of resistance to other insects, and discovery of resistance to A. glycines in these three lines may increase their utility in soybean breeding programs.
COMPETITION OF SAPONARIA VACCARIA AND SINAPIS ARVENSIS IN WHEAT

Sinapis arvensis L. (wild mustard) competed strongly with Saponaria vaccaria L. (cow cockle) in wheat on heavy clay soil. Seed and dry weight production by S. vaccaria were reduced about half by 190 S. arvensis plants/m2. S. vaccaria at 314 plants/m2 had little effect on S. arvensis. Support was obtained for the hypothesis that populations of S. vaccaria increased after 2,4-D came into general use and this species was no longer suppressed by S. arvensis. S. arvensis at 190 plants/m2 reduced grain yield 38% and 314 S. vaccaria/m2 reduced it 36%. Competitive effects of both species together were not fully additive because the effects of one species tended to obscure the effects of the other. Intraspecies competition was demonstrated in each weed species by its decrease in productivity per plant as its density increased.
Temperature-dependent changes of amine levels during early seedling development of the cold-adapted subantarctic crucifer Pringlea antiscorbutica

Pringlea antiscorbutica R.Br. , an endemic crucifer from the Kerguelen Archipelago in the subantarctic, has been previously shown to be unable to acclimatize to 25C when transferred after several months cultivation under cold conditions.Furthermore, the polyamine composition was greatly modified in such high-temperature-treated plants. The development of seedlings of this species was investigated under a regime mimicking the subantarctic summer thermoperiod (5/10C night/day) and a regime with high temperatures (22/25C night/day). In parallel, the associated changes in polyamine composition that occurred during the first 6 days of seedling life were determined.Marked acceleration of seedling growth and intense cotyledon greening were observed at day 4 in 5/10C-grown seedlings but not in 22/25C-grown seedlings.Seedlings grown at high temperature accumulated agmatine and putrescine, whereas cold-cultivated seedlings maintained high levels of spermidine.Cold-cultivated seedlings accumulated the uncommon long-chain polyamines norspermidine and homospermidine.These seedlings also accumulated free 1,3-diaminopropane, cadaverine, N 1 -acetylspermidine, N 1 -acetylspermine and bound polyamines, whereas seedlings under high temperature accumulated N 1 -acetylputrescine. Aromatic amine metabolism also appeared to be very responsive to temperature: seedlings under a cold regime accumulated free dopamine and bound phenylethylamine and tyramine, whereas seedlings grown at high temperature accumulated free tyramine.The possible relationships between the observed amine patterns and seedling growth under low and high temperature are discussed.
Improving Student’s Reflective Thinking Skills Through Realistic Mathematics Education Approach

This research is motivated by the importance of reflective thinking skills by applying the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach. The purpose of this research to improve reflective thinking skills through the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach and determine students' mistakes in reflective thinking skills. The method used is mixed methods with the incorporation of quantitativequalitative design. The sample in this research consisted of eighth graders in a state junior high school in Serang, Indonesia, involving two classes, namely the experimental class, and the control class. The instruments used in the form of reflective thinking skills test instruments, non-test instruments in the form of observation sheets, documentation and researchers. The conclusion from this study that the reflective thinking skills of the experimental class are better than the control class. Student mistakes in taking reflective thinking tests include errors in making mathematical modeling, concept errors, systematic errors, and miscalculations.
Body temperature patterns of big brown bats during winter in a building hibernaculum

Abstract Hibernating bats display a wide range of thermoregulatory patterns during hibernation, but to date, the majority of research on the topic has been done on cavernicolous bats. Thus, we measured skin temperature of free-living big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) during winter in a building hibernaculum in western Indiana. Torpor bouts were considerably shorter than bouts used by cavernicolous bats, lasting a mean of 3.3 days, whereas arousals lasted on average 5.0 h. There was a significant correlation between roost temperature and length of the euthermic period and a larger proportion of bats aroused on warm days, suggesting big brown bats might be taking advantage of warm nights to forage, although evidence for winter feeding is ambiguous in this population. As has been recorded for other noncavernicolous bats during hibernation, most individuals took advantage of partial passive rewarming during some arousals. We estimate these passive arousals could save bats, on average, 96 mg of fat over the course of a 90-day hibernation period, or enough for 16.5 days of steady-state torpor, and may therefore be crucial to survival through long periods of low temperatures and low insect availability. Overall, our results suggest that hibernation patterns in big brown bats in a building hibernaculum are more similar to those of tree-hibernating bats in the Southern Hemisphere than to cavernicolous bats in North America. Further, it appears that big brown bats display extreme flexibility in hibernating patterns, which is unsurprising given their reputation as a relatively hardy species.