Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural Radiosensitizers in Radiotherapy: Cancer Treatment by Combining Ionizing Radiation with Resveratrol

Conventional cancer treatment is mainly based on the surgical removal of the tumor followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. When surgical removal is not possible, radiotherapy and, less often, chemotherapy is the only way to treat patients. However, despite significant progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and developments in modern radiotherapy techniques, radiotherapy (alone or in combination) does not always guarantee treatment success. One of the main causes is the radioresistance of cancer cells. Increasing the radiosensitivity of cancer cells improves the processes leading to their elimination during radiotherapy and prolonging the survival of cancer patients. In order to enhance the effect of radiotherapy in the treatment of radioresistant neoplasms, radiosensitizers are used. In clinical practice, synthetic radiosensitizers are commonly applied, but scientists have recently focused on using natural products (phytocompounds) as adjuvants in radiotherapy. In this review article, we only discuss naturally occurring radiosensitizers currently in clinical trials (paclitaxel, curcumin, genistein, and papaverine) and those whose radiation sensitizing effects, such as resveratrol, have been repeatedly confirmed by many independent studies.
Diagnostic Efficacy of Ultra-Short Term HRV Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Heart rate variability (HRV) is the standard method for assessing autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and is considered a surrogate marker for sympathetic overactivity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although HRV features are usually obtained from the short-term segment method, it is impossible to evaluate rapid dynamic changes in ANS activity. Herein, we propose the ultra-short-term analysis to detect the balance of ANS activity in patients with OSA. In 1021 OSA patients, 10 min HRV target datasets were extracted from polysomnographic data and analyzed by shifting the 2 min (ultra-short-term) and 5 min (short-term) segments. We detected frequency-domain parameters, including total power (Ln TP), very low frequency (Ln VLF), low frequency (Ln LF), and high frequency (Ln HF). We found that overall HRV feature alterations indicated sympathetic overactivity dependent on OSA severity, and that this was more pronounced in the ultra-short-term methodology. The apnea-hypopnea index, oxygen desaturation index, and Epworth sleepiness scale correlated with increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic activity, regardless of the methodology. The Bland-Altman plot analyses also showed a higher agreement of HRV features between the two methodologies. This study suggests that ultra-short-term HRV analysis may be a useful method for detecting alterations in ANS function in OSA patients.
Genesis of Indian Tertiary coals and lignites: a biopetrological and palaeobotanical view point

Coal and lignite seams associated with the Tertiary sedimentary sequence of India are bright unbanded (coals) and sparingly banded (lignites) in appearance. They chiefly consist of vitrinite/huminite macerals with subordinate amounts of liptinites and inertinites. Desmocollinite/attrinite and densinite are the main vitrinite/huminite maceral groups. Sclerotinite (fungal remains) and inertodetrinite are the main inertinite macerals in the seams of northeastern States-Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan and Gujarat. Some of the coal and lignite seams of Meghalaya and Gujarat have predominance of structured inertinite macerals (semifusinite and fusinite). Main inorganics associated with the seams are syngenetic pyrite and calcite. Clay and quartz (argillaceous matter) are usually in low proportions except in certain seams of Gujarat and Meghalaya. The seams, under blue light excitation, are characterized by moderate to very high proportion of fluorescing macerals constituted chiefly by perhydrous vitrinite/huminite, liptodetrinite, bituminite and resinite. Other macerals of liptinite group, viz., cutinite, sporinite, suberinite, exsudatinite, alginite (Botryococcus) and fluorinite in order of decreasing abundance, are in subordinate amounts. The coal and lignite-forming evergreen angiospermous forest vegetation flourishing under humid tropical climate comprised inland, coastal, beach, back mangrove to mangrove plant communities. Herbaceous and shrubby, including aquatic, angiosperms and pteridophytes formed prolific undergrowth. Some of the coal and lignite seams of Meghalaya, Rajasthan and Gujarat have definite marine and brackish water elements. The Tertiary coal and lignite deposits of India originated from hypo-autochthonous to autochthonous rheotrophic peat accumulating in lagoons or near-shore back swamps in Assam, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan and Gujarat and in small isolated estuarine or estuarine back swamps in Meghalaya. The vegetal matter experienced both aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation under neutral to mildly alkaline subaqueous conditions. The coalification trends of the ancient peat were influenced more by putrefaction rather than purily by humification. Small and ephemeral fresh water ponds/lakes developed occasionally on peat surface were responsible for the presence of aquatic and water-edge taxa in the seams. Herbaceous and shrubby vegetation, especially pteridophytes, growing in the vicinity of ancient peat swamps were the main source of structured and detrital inertinites. Occasional natural cindering of the peat surface, e.g., in Gujarat and Meghalaya, was responsible for relatively high inertinite contents. Variations in the thickness and rank of coal and lignite seams were controlled by the existing tectonic conditions and geothermal gradients in different areas. Keywords- Biopetrology, Coal and lignite genesis, Palaeoenvironment, India.
A low-cost active reflector and a passive corner reflector network for assisting landslide monitoring using multi-temporal InSAR

ABSTRACT A C-band Low-cost Active Reflector (AR) has been tested in a real experimental campaign aimed at monitoring through multi-temporal InSAR an area threatened by a landslide that occurred in 2019. To monitor and characterize the movement, a network of eight Passive Corner Reflectors and one Active Reflector were installed along a forested slope. A set of 285 interferograms obtained combining 60 Sentinel-1 SAR images were processed to evaluate the stability of the area. The AR, installed in a stable location close to the landslide, was used to provide a reference point in this low coherence area. Despite the high sensitivity of the phase response of such devices to temperature changes, the device operates with a stability of ±2 mm in deformation retrieval, a value acceptable for monitoring purposes, with a moderate range of temperature values.
Risk Factors of Childhood Asthma Among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India

Introduction Asthma is a chronic lung illness marked by a reversible airway blockage. Both genetic and environmental factors influence higher asthma rates. The present study aims to assess the various socio-demographic and environmental factors influencing the causation of childhood asthma among patients attending the Paediatric Department of Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Assam. Materials and Methods A total of 150 clinically diagnosed asthma patients of 3–12 years as cases and patients of the same age group free from respiratory diseases with no history of asthma in a 1:1 ratio as controls were selected. A predesigned and pretested proforma was used to collect data, and written informed consent was obtained from all the legal guardians of the participants. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and binary logistic regression using SPSS V20, considering a p-value <0.05 significant. Results Urban and male children were found to be at higher risk of developing asthma. Children belonging to the urban locality (OR= 4.53; 95% CI: 1.57–13.09; p<0.05), damp environment (OR= 5.21; 95% CI: 1.23–22.10; p<0.05), lower socioeconomic status (OR= 3.48; 95% CI: 1.34–9.01; p<0.05), presence of pets (OR= 6.77; 95% CI: 1.76–25.99; p<0.05), family history of atopy/ allergy (OR= 43.29; 95% CI: 5.80–323.15 p<0.05), smoking/passive smoking (OR=23.54; 95% CI: 1.41–394.21 p<0.05) and mixed feeding (OR= 4.47; 95% CI: 1.46–13.63 p<0.05) were the significant risk factors of childhood asthma. Conclusion Children are vulnerable to environmental-induced asthma. Awareness and preventive measures are necessary to control and reduce the burden of childhood asthma.
Climatic implications of tree-ring density variations in Himalayan conifers

The densitometric analysis of Himalayan conifers from six different sites reveals the strong association of ring density parameters with regional climate. Minimum earlywood density and total ring width are major contributors to the tree growth-climate relationship. It also indicates that pre-monsoon (March-April-May) temperature has significant positive relationship with earlywood density and significant negative correlation with total ring width. In case of precipitation, earlywood density gives negative relationship and ring width gives positive relationship with pre-monsoon precipitation. Latewood density parameters do not show any coherent pattern of relationship with climate. A strong association of earlywood density and ring width parameters may be due to severe moisture stress conditions occurring during the early phase of the growing season of the conifers over the region.
Feasibility of Screening Programs for Domestic Violence in Pediatric and Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services: A Literature Review

Each year, 275 million children worldwide are exposed to domestic violence (DV) and suffer negative mental and physical health consequences; however, only a small proportion receive assistance. Pediatricians and child psychiatrists can play a central role in identifying threatened children. We reviewed experiences of DV screening in pediatric and child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to understand its feasibility and provide clues for its implementation. We performed bibliographic research using the Sapienza Library System, PubMed, and the following databases: MEDLINE, American Psychological Association PsycArticles, American Psychological Association PsycInfo, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. We considered a 20-year interval when selecting the articles and we included studies published in English between January 2000 and March 2021. A total of 23 out of 2335 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. We found that the prevalence of disclosed DV ranged from 4.2% to 48%, with most prevalence estimates between 10% and 20%. Disclosure increases with a detection plan, which is mostly welcomed by mothers (70–80% acceptance rates). Written tools were used in 55% of studies, oral interviews in 40%, and computer instruments in 20%. Mixed forms were used in three studies (15%). The most used and effective tool appeared to be the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) (30% of studies). For young children, parental reports are advisable and written instruments are the first preference; interviews can be conducted with older children. Our research pointed out that the current literature does not provide practical clinical clues on facilitating the disclosure in pediatric clinics and CAMHS. Further studies are needed on the inpatient population and in the field of children psychiatry.
Cactus group and monodromy of Bethe vectors

Cactus group is the fundamental group of the real locus of the Deligne-Mumford moduli space of stable rational curves. This group appears naturally as an analog of the braid group in coboundary monoidal categories. We define an action of the cactus group on the set of Bethe vectors of the Gaudin magnet chain corresponding to arbitrary semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. Cactus group appears in our construction as a subgroup in the Galois group of Bethe Ansatz equations. Following the idea of Pavel Etingof, we conjecture that this action is isomorphic to the action of the cactus group on the tensor product of crystals coming from the general coboundary category formalism. We prove this conjecture in the case $\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{l}_2$ (in fact, for this case the conjecture almost immediately follows from the results of Varchenko on asymptotic solutions of the KZ equation and crystal bases). We also present some conjectures generalizing this result to Bethe vectors of shift of argument subalgebras and relating the cactus group with the Berenstein-Kirillov group of piecewise-linear symmetries of the Gelfand-Tsetlin polytope.
Visual disorders and mal de debarquement syndrome: a potential comorbidity questionnaire-based study

Aim: Mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS) is a neurological condition characterized by a constant sensation of self-motion; onset may be motion-triggered (MT) or non-motion-triggered/spontaneous (NMT/SO). People with MdDS experience similar symptoms to those with vertical heterophoria, a subset of binocular visual dysfunction. Hence, we aimed to explore potential visual symptom overlaps. Methods: MdDS patients (n = 196) and controls (n = 197) completed a visual health questionnaire. Results: Compared with controls, the MdDS group demonstrated higher visual disorder scores and visual complaints. NMT/SO participants reported unique visual symptoms and a higher prevalence of mild traumatic brain injury. Conclusion: Our findings suggest visual disorders may coexist with MdDS, particularly the NMT/SO subtype. The difference in visual dysfunction frequency and medical histories between subtypes, warrants further investigation into differing pathophysiological mechanisms.
Statistiques spectrales d'opérateurs de Schrödinger aléatoires unidimensionnels

Dans cette these, nous allons prouver des estimations de decorrelation des valeurs propres pour plusieurs modeles d'operateurs de Schrodinger aleatoires en dimension un, dans le regime localise, tant que nous avons des estimations de Wegner. Ceci permet l'etude des statistiques spectrales.Nous commencerons donc par presenter les hypotheses sur lesquelles nous nous appuyons et les differents modeles consideres.Nous etudierons ensuite les estimations de Minami, qui peuvent etre vues comme des estimations de decorrelation des valeurs propres proches. Nous montrerons qu'en dimension un, elles sont consequences des estimations de Wegner et de l'hypothese de localisation. Les estimations prouvees ici ont un domaine de validite plus restreint que les estimations de Minami classiques, mais sont suffisantes pour notre etude.Nous etudierons ensuite les estimations de decorrelation des valeurs propres eloignees pour les differents modeles presentes. Nous montrerons qu'elles sont consequences des estimations de Minami, des estimations de Wegner et de l'hypothese de localisation. Les preuves donnees seront differentes selon les modeles etudies.Enfin, nous montrerons que ces resultats permettent d'etudier les statistiques spectrales, dans le regime localise. Par exemple, les estimations de decorrelation permettent de montrer que les statistiques locales des niveaux d'energies, prises a deux energies differentes, convergent faiblement vers deux processus de Poisson independants sur $\R$ d'intensite la mesure de Lebesgue.
Magnetic resonance imaging of cognition in Parkinson’s disease

iii Acknowledgements . v Preface . xiii List of Abbreviations . xix 1 Introduction . 1 2 Parkinson’s disease and cognitive decline.5 2.1 Parkinson’s disease risk factors. 5 2.2 Diagnosis . 6 2.3 Pathophysiology of the basal ganglia in PD. 6 2.4 Possible mechanisms of cell death . 8 2.5 Clinical symptoms in PD . 8 2.5. 1 Motor symptoms . 8 2.5. 2 Non-motor symptoms . 9 2.5. 3 Cognitive impairment in PD . 9 3 Principles of MRI data acquisition and image formation . 15 3.1 Nuclear magnetic resonance signal . 15 3.2 Classical precession and the Larmor frequency . 16 3.3 Signal production. 18 3.4 Reference frames and radiofrequency pulses. 19 3.5 Relaxation times . 20 3.5. 1 T1: Spin-lattice interaction . 21 3.5. 2 T2: Spin-spin interaction. 21 3.5. 3 More relaxation. 23 3.6 Data acquisition. 24 3.7 Spin echo sequences . 24 3.8 Gradient echo sequences . 25 3.9 Spatial localization . 26 3.10 Image reconstruction . 28
Vibration of and Acoustic Radiation from a Panel Excited by Adverse Pressure Gradient Flow

Abstract : Flow with uniform adverse pressure gradient was created over the surface of a steel test plate. Vibration velocity levels on the plate and acoustic radiation from the plate were measured and compared with theoretical estimates. The measured vibration levels agree with theory for frequencies above those for hydrodynamic coincidence. Below these frequencies theoretical predictions of vibration levels are too high, but theoretical predictions of radiated sound power, based on measured vibration levels, are too low. Possible reasons for these compensating errors are discussed.
Molecular Analyses of Clinical Isolates and Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Carrying B.1 and B.1.617.2 Spike Mutations Suggest a Potential Role of Non-Spike Mutations in Infection Kinetics

Some of the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants are less susceptible to neutralization with post-vaccine sera and monoclonal antibodies targeting the viral spike glycoprotein. This raises concerns of disease control, transmissibility, and severity. Numerous substitutions have been identified to increase viral fitness within the nucleocapsid and nonstructural proteins, in addition to spike mutations. Therefore, we sought to generate infectious viruses carrying only the variant-specific spike mutations in an identical backbone to evaluate the impact of spike and non-spike mutations in the virus life cycle. We used en passant mutagenesis to generate recombinant viruses carrying spike mutations of B.1 and B.1. 617.2 variants using SARS-CoV-2- bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). Neutralization assays using clinical sera yielded comparable results between recombinant viruses and corresponding clinical isolates. Non-spike mutations for both variants neither seemed to effect neutralization efficiencies with monoclonal antibodies nor the response to treatment with inhibitors. However, live-cell imaging and microscopy revealed differences, such as persisting syncytia and pronounced cytopathic effect formation, as well as their progression between BAC-derived viruses and clinical isolates in human lung epithelial cell lines and primary bronchial epithelial cells. Complementary RNA analyses further suggested a potential role of non-spike mutations in infection kinetics.
Solid interstellar matter : the ISO revolution : Les Houches Workshop, February 2-6, 1998

Interplanetary Dust as Seen in the Zodiacal Light with ISO Small Dust Particles in the ISM Properties of Dust in High Latitude Clouds Very Cold Dust in Star Forming Regions Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Interstellar Medium. A Review PAHs in Reflection Nebulae, Fullerenes in the ISM Present Situation of the Coal Model for Interstellar Carbon Dust Organics in the ISM: Where Do They Come from? Laboratory Analogues for Interstellar Carbon Dust. Combined SWS-LWS Spectra of Solid State Features Molecules in the Gas and Solid State Towards the Young Massive Protostar RAFGL7009S Ice Evolution in the Interstellar Medium The Physics and Chemistry of Ices in the Interstellar Medium Crystalline Silicates in Circumstellar Shells Comparison of Ices and Silicates in Comets and in the Interstellar Medium.
Ethnic Differences in Bone Mass and Vitamin D status in Young Women Living in the UK

The connection between bone geometry and ethnicity has yet to be fully researched, especially as it relates to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D. This preliminary study aimed to investigate differences in bone geometry specifically at the radius and tibia, as well as in 25(OH)D concentrations, between Saudi (S), Pakistani (P), and Caucasian (C) premenopausal women. A further aim was an examination of a possible link between 25(OH)D concentration and indices of bone geometry. Seventy-two healthy premenopausal women (22 S, 23 P, and 27 C), aged ≥18 years, were evaluated for volumetric bone mineral density and 25(OH)D concentration. At the 4% radius, Saudi women had a lower BMC, as well as a smaller total bone area and trabecular area than Caucasian women. At the 4% tibia, Saudi women had a lower total vBMD than did Pakistani women. Serum 25(OH)D levels in Saudi (36.5(22.4)) and Pakistani (31.4(16.8)) women were significantly lower than in Caucasian (81.9(20.0)) (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant correlations between 25(OH)D status and pQCT bone variables in any of the three ethnic groups. This study suggests a possible need for attention to bone health in premenopausal Saudi women as well as improvement in vitamin D levels in Saudi and Pakistani populations. lower 25(OH)D concentrations than the Caucasian group, with a third of the non-Caucasians being deficient (<25nmol/L). There was no correlation found between 25(OH)D levels and bone indices. The findings regarding lower tibial vBMD in Saudi women suggest a detriment to bone health and call for additional research with a larger study population and within a more representative group of Western-dwelling Saudi women. The low 25(OH)D status in Pakistani and Saudi women is a particular cause of public health concern, and measures are urgently needed to address this issue.
A General Importance Sampling Algorithm for Estimating Portfolio Loss Probabilities in Linear Factor Models

This paper develops a novel importance sampling algorithm for estimating the probability of large portfolio losses in the conditional independence framework. We apply exponential tilts to (i) the distribution of the natural sufficient statistics of the systematic risk factors and (ii) conditional default probabilities, given the simulated values of the systematic risk factors, and select parameter values by minimizing the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the resulting parametric family from the ideal (zero-variance) importance density. Optimal parameter values are shown to satisfy intuitive moment-matching conditions, and the asymptotic behaviour of large portfolios is used to approximate the requisite moments. In a sense we generalize the algorithm of Glasserman and Li (2005) so that it can be applied in a wider variety of models. We show how to implement our algorithm in the t copula model and compare its performance there to the algorithm developed by Chan and Kroese (2010). We find that our algorithm requires substantially less computational time (especially for large portfolios) but is slightly less accurate. Our algorithm can also be used to estimate more general risk measures, such as conditional tail expectations, whereas Chan and Kroese (2010) is specifically designed to estimate loss probabilities.