Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anomalous transport in laboratory‐scale, heterogeneous porous media

We analyze measured breakthrough curves in a laboratory model which consists of a uniformly heterogeneous porous medium; these curves were previously shown to be indicative of scale‐dependent transport and therefore inconsistent with the (macroscopic) advection‐dispersion equation [Silliman and Simpson, 1987]. Our analysis is based on an analytical expression for the first‐passage time distribution (FPTD) of migrating contaminants in random media, developed with the use of a continuous time random walk (CTRW) formalism. The general CTRW has been shown to be effective in quantifying anomalous transport patterns frequently observed in fractured and strongly heterogeneous porous media [Berkowitz and Scher, 1997, 1998]. We calculate a family of FPTD curves, usually referred to as “breakthrough curves,” which are a function of an exponent β; this exponent is related to the low‐velocity tail of the velocity distribution. The FPTD curves fit well the measured data, with a single value of the β exponent over the spatial/temporal scale of the experiment. This is in contrast to previous analyses using solutions of the Gaussian‐based advection‐dispersion equation with time‐independent parameters in a uniform flow field. We conclude that the CTRW may allow analysis of transport in porous media subject to complex heterogeneities at large scale, which may not be amenable to analysis using classical advection‐dispersion theory. Hence the CTRW represents a potentially valuable tool in the assessment of dispersive processes in heterogeneous porous media.
Modeling of the temperature-dependent spectral response of In 1–χ Ga χ Sb infrared photodetectors

A model of the spectral responsivity of In1–GaSb p-n junction infrared photodetectors is developed. This model is based on calculations of the photogenerated and diffusion currents in the device. Expressions for the carrier mobilities, absorption coefficient, and normal-incidence reflectivity as a function of temperature are derived from extensions made to Adachi and Caughey-Thomas models. Contributions from the Auger recombination mechanism, which increase with a rise in temperature, are also considered. The responsivity is evaluated for different doping levels, diffusion depths, operating temperatures, and photon energies. Parameters calculated from the model are compared with available experimental data, and good agreement is obtained. These theoretical calculations help us to better understand the electro-optical behavior of In1–GaSb photodetectors, and can be utilized for performance enhancement through optimization of the device structure.
Metatranscriptome Analyses Indicate Resource Partitioning Metatranscriptome Analyses Indicate Resource Partitioning between Diatoms in the Field between Diatoms in the Field

Diverse communities of marine phytoplankton carry out half of global primary production. The vast diversity of the phytoplankton has long perplexed ecologists because these organisms coexist in an isotropic environment while competing for the same basic resources (e.g., inorganic nutrients). Differential niche partitioning of resources is one hypothesis to explain this “ paradox of the plankton, ” but it is difficult to quantify and track variation in phytoplankton metabolism in situ. Here, we use quantitative meta-transcriptome analyses to examine pathways of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) metabolism in diatoms that cooccur regularly in an estuary on the east coast of the United States (Narragansett Bay). Expression of known N and P metabolic pathways varied between diatoms, indicating apparent differences in resource utilization capacity that may prevent direct competition. Nutrient amendment incubations skewed N/P ratios, elucidating nutrient-responsive patterns of expression and facilitating a quantitative comparison between diatoms. The resource-responsive (RR) gene sets deviated in composition from the metabolic profile of the organism, being enriched in genes associated with N and P metabolism. Expression of the RR gene set varied over time and differed significantly be-tween diatoms, resulting in opposite transcriptional responses to the same environment. Apparent differences in metabolic capacity and the expression of that capacity in the environment suggest that diatom-specific resource partitioning was occurring in Narragansett Bay. This high-resolution approach highlights the molecular under-pinnings of diatom resource utilization and how cooccurring diatoms adjust their cellular physiology to partition their niche space
An Eight-Week Zen Meditation and Music Programme for Mindfulness and Happiness: Qualitative Content Analysis

Mental wellness can be related to healthier living, the learning process and working environments for people in the university community. A wide range of mental wellness programmes have been explored to provide students with pleasant and satisfying experiences. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of integrating Zen meditation and music listening on the mindfulness and happiness levels of university music therapy students. A qualitative methodology was used, and data were collected through surveys and semi-structured interviews. To investigate various aspects of data regarding the role of the meditation and music (MM) programme for mindfulness and happiness, this study used thematic analysis within a qualitative research design. The findings of this study suggest that the 8-week Mindfulness Meditation (MM) programme is a potential approach for enhancing mindfulness, happiness and stress management. These results carry broader implications, particularly in terms of supporting mental health resources in higher education. Furthermore, the study contributes to the ongoing discussion regarding the positive impact of combining meditation and music to promote mental well-being. This integrated approach has the potential to strengthen coping strategies and further promote the integration of music and meditation practices in various contexts, including higher education.
Following the population of European urban areas in the last half century (1961-2011): the TRADEVE database

régionales du ralentissement de la croissance démographique des villes au cours de cette période. D’après une Classification Ascendante Hiérarchique effectuée sur les trajectoires démographiques des villes entre 1961 et 2011, il apparaît que 22% des villes ont connu des trajectoires de décroissance relative, soit 870 sur les 3930 considérées. L’article s’accompagne de la mise en ligne en accès libre de la base TRADEVE et de la documentation qui en détaille la conception.
PREDICTION OF TEAK BONITA (SITE INDEX) IN CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA, BASED ON SOIL PROPERTIES

The objective of this study was to determine the most correlated soil and physiographic factor with the site index of teak. Tree height and stand age were recorded from seventy-three plots located in Central Java, Indonesia, to determine site index. Size of each plot was 0.1 ha. Measured site properties measured were percent slope, elevation, slope position, slope length, dominant topographic form, aspect, and thickness of A horizon. Soil samples from A and B horizon were analyzed for soil color, soil texture, available phosphorous, total nitrogen, and organic matter content. Analysis indicated that the site index of teak was positively correlated with thickness of A horizon and westerly aspects, and negatively correlated with clay content of A horizon and elevation. A multiple regression using these variables produced an R2 of 0.55.
POST-FIRE VEGETATION SUCCESSION: THE CASE OF ALEPPO PINE (PINUS HALEPENSIS MILLER) FORESTS OF NORTHERN ACHAIA (GREECE).

SUMMARY Extensive wildfires affected Northern Achaia in the last decade. The largest proportion of the burnt areas is localized in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Miller) forests. Post-fire vegetation succession of two adjacent Pinus halepensis forests in this area has been studied. The studied forests lie around Platani and Ziria villages and were burnt during great wildfires in 1989 and 1995, respectively. Floristic diversity and vegetation dynamics were studied in the burnt forests of Platan i and Ziria, and also in unburnt stands, during a two year period (1995 - 1997). The data process showed great floristic similarity between the quadrats one and two years after the wildfire. The characteristic plants of these quadrats are annual herbs that belong mostly to the Leguminosae and Compositae families. Plant diversity is found at a minimum one year after fire, but it increases during the following years and drops again in the unburnt forest. The vegetation of the mature forest is characterized by the dominance of woody perennial species that create a dense understorey beneath the Pinus halepensis trees. All plant species of the unburnt forest are already present during the early post-fire years. The observed succession is not hing more than the replacement of small, short-lived plants by large, longlived ones. This succession pattern matches the “initial floristic composition” model of Egler.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Salicylic acid and Nicotinic acid to Control Collar Rot and Root Rot Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and Enhance the Productivity of Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-groecum L.) in Egypt

R ECENTLY, fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-groecum L.) has been subjected to several attacks by certain soil-borne fungi including Fusarium moniliforme, F. semitectum, F. solani, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotium rolfsii causing damping –off, collar rot, and root rot which are considered serious diseases leading to delayed growth and subsequent collapse of some infected plants. Five fungal species were isolated from naturally infected fenugreek plants, and Sclerotium rolfsii was the most frequently isolated fungus. Sclerotium rolfsii was the most virulent among all tested fungi causing the highest percentages of damping-off, collar rot, and/or root rot in the Pathogenicity test. The results confirmed that 10mM salicylic acid (SA) and nicotinic acid (NA) followed by 8mM were more efficacious in inducing resistance against collar rot and root rot diseases, they decreased disease severity and the number of dead plants. These results reflected improving plant growth parameters and yield production during the two growing seasons. Also, SA and NA (10mM) significantly increased the vegetative characteristics plant fresh and dry weight, and yield parameters i.e., average pod weight (g) compared with untreated control. Furthermore, the chemical composition of seed showed a significant increase in total phenol, flavonoids, trigonelline and carbohydrate content. The results suggested that exogenous SA (10mM) application can be used as a potential inducer of systemic acquired resistance, a promising approach for successfully managing collar rot and root rot diseases caused by Sclerotium rolfsii . Additionally, SA (10mM) treatment increased quality, quantity of fenugreek yield and can be used as a safe strategy against these diseases.
Psychology, Society & Education

There is a great scientific and social interest in analyzing the effects of the use of technological devices in childhood. The responsibility given to families in children digital education makes it essential to rely on their perceptions to understand this issue. Survey-based quantitative research was carried out to investigate families’ perception on their children’s use of mobile devices. A 15-item questionnaire (5-point Likert scale) was administered to inquire about the benefits and risks of devices use. A total of 241 families (73.4% mothers) with children aged 3 to 8 years (51.7% girls) attending Early Childhood and Primary Education participated. The results showed a higher appraisal of the risks, with access to inappropriate content standing out. Educational usefulness and entertainment were the most valued benefits. There was greater concern in families with children in Early Childhood Education. Parents’ age correlated negatively with the appraisal of the benefits for parental control and educational usefulness, and children’s age positively with concern about family and social isolation. Differences in terms of time spent online and the use of parental control mechanisms were found. Lastly, it points out the need to take preventive measures at school and at household level to optimize the benefits of the use of technology devices and reduce the risk associated with their use from an early age.
Digital Commons @ New Haven Digital Commons @ New Haven

WhatsApp is a widely adopted mobile messaging application with over 800 million users. Recently, a calling feature was added to the application and no comprehensive digital forensic analysis has been performed with regards to this feature at the time of writing this paper. In this work, we describe how we were able to decrypt the network traﬃc and obtain forensic artifacts that relate to this new calling feature which included the: a) WhatsApp phone numbers, b) Whats-App server IPs, c) WhatsApp audio codec (Opus), d) WhatsApp call duration, and e) WhatsApp’s call termination. We explain the methods and tools used to decrypt the traﬃc as well as thoroughly elaborate on our ﬁndings with respect to the WhatsApp signaling messages. Furthermore, we also provide the community with a tool that helps in the visualization of the WhatsApp protocol messages.
Perceptions of Nigerian Medical Students Regarding Their Perceptions of Nigerian Medical Students Regarding Their Preparedness for Precision Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Preparedness for Precision Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Lagos, Nigeria Lagos, Nigeria

Background Advances in precision medicine in Nigeria suggest improving genomics education and competency among healthcare practitioners to facilitate clinical translation. Due to the scarcity of research in this area, this study aimed to assess Nigerian medical students’ perceptions about their preparedness to integrate precision medicine into their future clinical practice. Methods This was an institution-based cross-sectional study of medicine and surgery students in their clinical years attending the two fully accredited colleges of medicine in Lagos, Nigeria, between April and October 2022 using an adapted tool administered via Google Forms. The survey assessed their awareness, perceptions about knowledge, ability
Effects of variation in rainfall on rainfed crop yields and water use in dryland farming areas in China

ABSTRACT Crop production in the dryland farming areas of northern China is constrained by low and variable rainfall. This article presents the analysis of the relationships between variations in rainfall and yields of winter wheat and spring maize. The analysis is based on data from both several short-term and our ongoing long-term field experiments in dryland farming research projects in Tunliu, Linfen, Shouyang, and Luoyang. Grain yields of wheat and maize ranged from 1,548 to 5,169 and from 2,612 to 8,789 kg ha-1 respectively, with differences up to above 200% (between dry and wet years). Wheat yields are sensitive to growing season rainfall but also correlated to water use (ET), whereas maize yields are sensitive to the critical time of water supply (especially June rainfall) but not correlated to ET. The ratio of grain yields to soil water at sowing is an important indicator, showing close relationships between yields and soil water-related ratio within the rainfed crops site. Comparison between the indices of water use efficiency (WUE) and precipitation use efficiency (PUE) suggests that the index WUE is more grain-related indicator than the PUE used for assessing rainfed crop water use by both maize and wheat. The index PUE should be used in caution, especially for wheat crops in dry years. Our results indicate that options to alleviate crop moisture stress must be tailored to the rainfall pattern. This holds especially for conservation tillage with response nutrient management practices that aim at enhancing water use efficiency.
The nonconvective/convective structural transition in stochastic scaling of atmospheric fields

High‐resolution numerical weather prediction simulations are able to reproduce observed stochastic scale invariant behavior of atmospheric wind and water fields down to the effective model resolution, which is shown to be a process‐dependent transient property that varies with the underlying dynamics. The effective resolution gain in dynamical downscaling of convective regimes is substantially smaller than the grid size decrease indicating that improvements in the model's capacity to resolve small‐scale processes require consistent adjustments including both numerical formulation and physical parameterizations. Instantaneous realizations of simulated atmospheric wind and water fields exhibit robust multifractal properties with intrinsically transient scaling behavior depending on the underlying atmospheric state. In particular, a sharp transition in the scaling parameters between nonconvective and convective conditions is found, which explains different scaling regimes reported in the literature for atmospheric wind, temperature, and moisture observations. Spectral slopes around 2–2.3 arise under nonconvective or very weak convective conditions, tightly related to the scaling behavior of the underlying topography. In convective situations the transient scaling exponents remain under 5/3 in agreement with the Kolmogorov turbulent regime accounting for the intermittency correction. These findings have important implications for stochastic downscaling and the implementation of stochastic subgrid scale parameterizations using fractal methods. Specifically, it is shown that, based on scaling arguments, subgrid scale probability distributions of atmospheric moisture can be obtained from the coarse resolution information alone. Our results suggest that fractal methods can be used for estimating temporally and spatially varying regime‐based subgrid scale statistics (and realizations of moisture fields) in real time and in a computationally efficient manner that could be useful in climate models.
Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga

Exercise has a positive impact on a person's health and fitness level. However, the benefits could be obtained if the exercise is conducted properly by avoiding the risk involved. One of the risks during exercise, especially for those in urban communities, is the difficulty in avoiding air pollution. Air pollution, especially particles with a size less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5), can be inhaled into the lungs and enter the bloodstream. The amount of air pollution inhaled will increase in the people doing exercise because the rate of breathing increases along with the increasing intensity and duration of the exercise. This may impact the blood pressure response due to the presence of foreign particles in the bloodstream. This study used a quasi - experimental method with a post - test - only comparison group approach. The research was conducted in Karawang Re-gency, West Java, Indonesia, and included two sites, a higher PM2.5 Concentration site, and a lower PM2.5 Concentration site. The research subjects included 22 undergraduate students with a healthy status divided into two research groups. Each group performed exercise, including 5 minutes of warm - up and 15 minutes of running at sub-maximal intensity (80 – 85% of HR Max) at 07.00 for five days consecutively. Blood pressure response measurements were taken immediately after exercise. This study aimed to determine the effect of regular exercise in high and low air pollution conditions (PM2.5) on the blood pressure response. The study found that regular exercise for five days in an environment with high air pollution resulted in higher systolic and diastolic arterial pressures than a regular exercise in low air pollution conditions. Thus, performing exercise in high PM2.5 air pollution conditions affects the blood pressure response. For this reason, vulnerable groups should pay attention to air pollution levels when doing exercise.
Primary Care Provider Demographics and Engagement in Interprofessional Collaboration

Introduction: Interprofessional care contributes to all components of the quadruple aim. While previous research has identiﬁed many facilitators and barriers to the provision of interprofessional care, whether demographic differences might inﬂuence the extent to which providers collaborate interprofessionally remains unknown. Methods: Using electronic health record data, we characterized the level of primary care providers’ (PCPs’) interprofessional collaboration based on the percent of their patients who had a visit with an interprofessional team member over a 14-month period. We then obtained demographic data, including gender, years in practice, and provider type, from the electronic health record and publicly available sources. Subsequently, we used linear regression to predict the PCPs’ level of interprofessional collaboration based on demographic indicators. Results: The median of each PCP’s patients who had a visit with an interprofessional team member during the study period was 12.6%. After controlling for the average age of the PCP’s patient panel, the PCP’s years in practice, and the PCP’s clinic, when compared with male PCPs, approximately 2% more of patients cared for by female PCPs had a visit with an interprofessional team member. Conclusion: Female providers are more likely to share their patients with an interprofessional team. ( J Am Board Fam Med 2022;00:000–000.)
Photodissociation of the δ(0,0) and δ(1,0) bands of nitric oxide in the stratosphere and the mesosphere: A molecular‐adapted quantum defect orbital calculation of photolysis rate constants

[1] The availability of data concerning the upper atmosphere is essential for an understanding of both the change in solar activity on the Earth and of the different processes that have direct effects on the biosphere, in particular those with harmful environmental consequences. The main goal of the present work is the theoretical analysis of the photodissociation of nitric oxide (NO), which plays an important role in the chemical and energetic balance of the upper atmosphere. Given that the molecular absorption cross section is directly linked to the photodissociation rate of the molecule, we have first determined photoabsorption cross sections and then used the calculated values to obtain the rate constants for the photodissociation processes. The photodissociation of NO at a given wavelength range is triggered by the predissociation of the δ(0,0) and δ(1,0) bands. Through the analysis of the predissociation rate constants, a study of the dissociative behavior of NO by absorption of light within the VUV spectral region has been performed. The dependence on the altitude arises from the temperature changes to the doppler-broaded halfwidth, in addition to the state population, and the solar zenith angle of the atmospheric photodissociation rate constants of this molecule have been calculated with the molecular-adapted quantum defect orbital (MQDO) approach. Altitudes ranging from 20 to 90 km, which comprise the stratosphere and mesosphere, have been considered.
Causal Discovery in Gene Regulatory Networks with GFlowNet: Towards Scalability in Large Systems

Understanding causal relationships within Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) is essential for unraveling the gene interactions in cellular processes. However, causal discovery in GRNs is a challenging problem for multiple reasons, including the existence of cyclic feedback loops and uncertainty that yields diverse possible causal structures. Previous works in this area either ignore cyclic dynamics (assume acyclic structure) or struggle with scalability. We introduce Swift-DynGFN as a novel framework that enhances causal structure learning in GRNs while addressing scalability concerns. Specifically, Swift-DynGFN exploits gene-wise independence to boost parallelization and to lower computational cost. Experiments on real single-cell RNA velocity and synthetic GRN datasets showcase the advancement in learning causal structure in GRNs and scalability in larger systems.