Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acceptance of a Virtual Reality Headset Designed for Fall Prevention in Older Adults: Questionnaire Study

Background Falls are a common phenomenon among people aged 65 and older and affect older adults’ health, quality of life, and autonomy. Technology-based intervention programs are designed to prevent the occurrence of falls and their effectiveness often surpasses that of more conventional programs. However, to be effective, these programs must first be accepted by seniors. Objective Based on the technology acceptance model, this study aimed to examine the acceptance among older adults before a first use of a virtual reality headset (VRH) used in an intervention program designed to prevent falls. Methods A sample of 271 French older adults (mean age 73.69 years, SD 6.37 years) voluntarily and anonymously filled out a questionnaire containing the focal constructs (perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, perceived ease of use, intention to use, fall-related self-efficacy, and self-avoidance goals) adapted to the VRH, which was designed to prevent falls. Results The results of the structural equation modeling analysis showed that intention to use the VRH was positively predicted by perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perceived ease of use. Perceived usefulness of the VRH was also negatively predicted by fall-related self-efficacy (ie, the perceived level of confidence of an individual when performing daily activities without falling) and positively predicted by self-avoidance goals (ie, participating in a physical activity to avoid physical regression). Conclusions A better understanding of the initial acceptance among older adults of this VRH is the first step to involving older adults in intervention programs designed to prevent falls using this kind of device.
Intermicellar interaction of ganglioside aggregates and structural stability on pH variation

We have studied the effect of concentration and pH variations on micellar structures of sialoglycosphingolipids (gangliosides) by using synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering. We have treated four different aqueous dispersions of gangliosides containing monosialogangliosides (GM1), disialogangliosides (GD1a) and two different types of the ganglioside mixtures. To discuss the change in the scattering curve with concentration in the range of 0.1–10% w/v, we employed a rescaled mean spherical approximation method (RMSA) for charged particle dispersions combined with a shell-modelling method. The present modelling method well describes the characteristics of the whole experimental scattering curve, namely an intermicellar correlation peak at a very small angle and a rounded peak at a medium angle reflecting an intramicellar scattering density fluctuation. We determined simultaneously the inter- and intra-micellar structures of the ganglioside aggregates under the repulsive screened Coulomb potential between them. The estimated micellar surface charge is ca. 57 e in 0.01 M citrate buffer at pH 6.7, 25 °C. For every sample, the pH elevation from 3.6 to 8.0 at 25 °C caused similar changes in the experimental scattering curve, gyration radius and distance distribution function, suggesting a shrinkage of the micellar dimension and an intramicellar structural change. The modelling analyses can explain the above changes mostly resulting from the change of the oligosaccharide chain portions in the micelles. The structural differences depending on the specimens, containing different ganglioside components are also clarified.
LDA quantification of 10-K Risk-Factors and the Information Content of Textual Reporting

We use machine-learning to determine the information content of the Item 1A Risk Factors section of S&P 1500 10-Ks. We identify and quantify 30 risk-factors and show a strong positive relation between levels of and contemporaneous changes in risk-factors and proxies for the associated risks. Typically, 28% of cross-firm variation in a risk-proxy is explained by cross-firm variation in the associated risk-factor. Risk disclosure is not found to be forward-looking. Item 1A’s informativeness has not declined through time despite previously documented increases in boilerplate content, stickiness and redundancy. Indices of operating and financing risk help explain asset and equity volatility.
Applicability of Ozone and Biological Activated Carbon for Potable Reuse

The Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District in California is considering groundwater replenishment as a potential strategy to augment its potable water supply. This case study demonstrates the broad applicability of ozone and biological activated carbon (BAC) for such potable reuse systems based on recently developed criteria and models for bulk organics, trace organic contaminants, disinfection byproducts, and cost. Using an advanced treatment train composed of ozone (ozone to total organic carbon ratio of 1.0) and BAC (empty bed contact time of 20 min), a 10 million gallon per day potable reuse facility can achieve savings of $25–$51 million in capital costs, $2–$4 million per year in operations and maintenance costs, and 4–8 GWh per year in energy consumption in comparison to alternative treatment trains with reverse osmosis. This ozone-based treatment train is also capable of achieving public health criteria recently developed by the California Department of Public Health and the National Water Research Institute for potable reuse applications.
Crystal structure of 4-bromo-4’-methoxy-biphenyl, at 200 K, C13H11BrO

Abstract C13H11BrO, orthorhombic, Pca21 (no. 29), a = 6.0941(6) Å, b = 7.3417(7) Å, c = 24.394(2) Å, V = 1091.4 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0472, wRref(F2) = 0.1175, T = 200 K.
Lowering the boiling point curve of biodiesel by cross-metathesis

One of the challenges of today's biodiesel (FAME) is its unsuitable boiling curve behavior. A more or less continuously increasing curve is beneficial because it provides good fuel ignition and combustion in the cylinder of the engine. Here, we present the results of our investigation on the chemical modification of biodiesel with the use of a well-known catalytic reaction, olefin metathesis. Self- and cross-metathesis of biodiesel and 1-hexene were carried out. Ten different ruthenium-based metathesis catalysts were initially subjected to a screening. After selection of the most active catalyst, a series of reactions were prepared wherein the concentration of the biodiesel was held constant, while the amount of 1-hexene was varied. The samples were then analyzed by simulated distillation to determine their boiling curve range. Results revealed that as the hexene amount was increased, a more favorable distillation curve was observed since it generated a fairly good distribution of low to high molecular weight compounds, which in turn exhibited an almost steadily increasing distillation curve, more similar to that of a conventional diesel fuel.
End group effect on the thermal response of narrow-disperse poly (n -isopropylacrylamide) prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization

Four series of narrow-disperse poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) with well-controlled molecular weights and with end groups of varying hydrophobicity were synthesized by room temperature atom transfer radical polymerization in 2-propanol using the corresponding chloropropionate and chloropropionamide initiators. The thermal phase transitions of aqueous solutions of these PNIPAMs were studied by turbidimetry and high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry (HS-DSC) and showed an inverse molecular weight (MW) dependence of their cloud points. The magnitude of the MW dependence decreases when using more hydrophobic end groups. The choice of end group further affected the shape of the cloud point curves and the enthalpy of the phase transition. Above the cloud point, narrow-disperse PNIPAM sedimented more rapidly than polydisperse PNIPAM produced by conventional free radical polymerization, especially at concentrations above 1%. Thus, multiple HS-DSC scans of PNIPAM prepared by ATRP typically gave re.
Combined effects of Mg and Ca supply on alleviation of Al toxicity in wheat plants

Abstract A Bangladeshi wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar, Kalyansona, was exposed to 100 J.µ Al with varying concentrations of Ca (250, 500, 2,500 J.µM) and Mg (103, 1,029, 4,115 J.µ) in the nutrient solution for 14 d. Exposure to Al along with low concentrations of both Ca and Mg caused severe damage to the root apex. Under AI-stressed conditions, an increased supply of Mg from 103 to 1,029 J.µ enhanced the root length by 44, 22, and 3% at 250, 500, and 2,500 J.µ Ca, respectively. Root growth at 2,500 J.µ Ca was not affected by additional Mg concentration. Again, an increased supply of Mg from 103 to 4,115 J.µ enhanced the root length by 56% at 500 J.µ Ca. Under the Al-stressed conditions, the increase in the root length was correlated with the decrease in the Al content in roots. Our results suggest that Mg alleviates Al toxicity efficiently in the presence of Ca at a low level in the culture solution by decreasing Al accumulation in roots.
Schizophrenia: Current Hypotheses, Treatments, and Future Directions

Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder that predominantly manifests in men during their early 20s, a few years later in women, and affects one percent of the world population. The disorder is characterized by the expression of positive and negative symptoms as well as cognitive impairments. Positive symptoms include hallucinations and delusions, while negative symptoms include social withdrawal and loss of motivation. Pharmacological treatment of the disorder has been centered around antipsychotics, but results have been inconsistent and typically ineffective for negative symptoms. Combination therapy with forms of psychosocial interventions have been effective in some patients. Early research focused on alterations to dopaminergic transmission which led to the development of the dopamine hypothesis. More recently, the N-methyl D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor hypofunction hypothesis was developed, implicating a more complicated underlying etiology of the schizophrenic symptoms. Together, these hypotheses provide information on the molecular underpinnings of schizophrenia, but our understanding is still incomplete. The interplay between dopamine and NMDA receptor transmission has become the focus of current research. With the continuous improvement of imaging technology, a deeper understanding of the origins of schizophrenia may be on the horizon. This review will discuss current schizophrenia hypotheses and address gaps in the research field. Finally, potential directions will be proposed to attempt to fill those
Mispricing, Short-Sale Constraints, and the Cross-Section of Option Returns

Motivated by the theory of demand-based option pricing in imperfect markets, we examine the relation between short-sale constraints and equity option returns, conditional on the level of mis-pricing in the underlying stock. We report a monotonic relation between various measures of short-sales constraints and delta-hedged returns of put options on overpriced stocks. This relation is robust to controls for firm attributes and limits to arbitrage proxies. Our findings suggest that while investors drive up the demand for these put options, dealers command a high premium as compensation for the increased market making risk. We do not find a robust relation for either put options on under-priced stocks or call options.
Translation Analysis of Subtitle from English into Indonesian in Maleficent Movie

<span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">This research aims at analysing subtitle in Maleficent movie. The research purposes are to analyze the clarity, accuracy and naturalness. Research approach is qualitative research. Research type is library research. Data are required from script of Maleficent movie, reader and experts‘ evaluation. This research uses documentation as data collecting technique. Researchers use investigator triangulation to make research can be trusted. Result of research shows: (1) clarity of subtitle is high with presentation of clear sentences is 77%, less clear sentence is 19.8% and unclear sentence is 3.2%; (2¬) accuracy of subtitle is high with presentation of accurate translation is 82.5%, less accurate is 14.5% and inaccurate translation is 3%; (3) naturalness of subtitle is high, with presentation of natural translation is 79.2% (1st expert) and 77.1% (2nd expert), less natural translation is 18.3 (1st expert) and 2.4 (2nd expert), and unnatural translaton is 22.3% (1st expert) and 1.6% (2nd expert). </span><table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 444.85pt; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext . 5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: . 5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: . 5pt solid windowtext;" width="593" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 3.5pt;"><td style="width: 290.6pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext . 5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 3.5pt;" valign="top" width="387"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: right;" align="right"><em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; color: black;">. </span></em></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
The Effects of Monetary Policy on Income Inequality: Evidence from Germany

This paper studies the effects of conventional and unconventional monetary policy on income inequality in post-reunification Germany. Using the policy rate set by the Bundesbank from 1991 to 1998 and the ECB’s main refinancing operations rate from 1999 to 2018 as the measure of conventional monetary policy, while quantitative easing is proxied by the 10-year German government bond yield, an autoregressive distributed lag (ADL) model is estimated with OLS to assess the impact of these variables on the Gini coefficient. The findings indicate that expansionary conventional monetary policy, that is, a reduction of the policy rate set by the central bank, is inequality-decreasing. On the other hand, unconventional monetary policy measures have a positive effect on the Gini coefficient in Germany from 1991 to 2018.
Effect of Nanoparticles on the Phase Behavior of Polystyrene/Poly(vinyl methyl ether) Blends with Different Polydispersities

Effects of two kinds of silica nanoparticles on the phase behavior of blends of poly (vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) and two kinds of polystyrene (PS), with the same number average molecular weight but different polydispersities, were studied by using optical microscopy. The addition of both the hydrophilic A200-SiO2 and hydrophobic R974-SiO2 nanoparticles made the miscibility become worse. The decrease in the phase separation temperatures of PS/PVME with polydisperse PS (pPS) was larger than that of PS/PVME with monodisperse PS (mPS) in the presence of A200-SiO2; the shifts of the phase separation temperatures of mPS/PVME and pPS/PVME were comparable for the incorporation of R974-SiO2. The addition of both kinds of silica accelerated the phase separation during the nonisothermal phase separation. The domain size changes of the phase morphology of mPS/PVME (50/50) and pPS/PVME (50/50) were almost the same during the nonisothermal phase separation in the presence of nanoparticles. During the isothermal phase separation, the introduction of silica slowed down the phase separation dynamics by hindering the phase structure transition. The morphology changes of pPS/PVME (50/50) were more evident than those of mPS/PVME (50/50) with the incorporation of SiO2.
Distribuição de probabilidades para precipitação máxima diária na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Verde, Minas Gerais

Estimativas probabilisticas de eventos extremos sao de grande relevância para o planejamento das atividades humanas. As distribuicoes de probabilidade possibilitam a estimativa de eventos de precipitacao maxima diaria anual associados as suas frequencias de ocorrencia. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, identificar, dentre as distribuicoes Gumbel, Gama a 2 parâmetros e Generalizada de Valores Extremos (GEV), qual a mais indicada para aplicacao as series historicas de precipitacao maxima diaria anual na bacia hidrografica do rio Verde, no Sul de Minas Gerais. Os parâmetros de cada distribuicao foram estimados pelos metodos dos momentos, maxima verossimilhanca e momentos-L. Para tal, foram empregadas, neste estudo, oito estacoes pluviometricas com series historicas de, no minimo, 20 anos de dados, distribuidas pela bacia hidrografica. Pelos testes de adequacao de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Qui-Quadrado, Anderson Darling e Filliben, a distribuicao Gumbel, estimada pelos tres metodos, obteve os ajustes menos adequados. A distribuicao GEV, pelo metodo dos momentos-L, foi a mais adequada para analise probabilistica de precipitacao maxima diaria na Bacia Hidrografica do Rio Verde, devendo ser priorizada para planejamentos na regiao.
Dielectric Dispersion in the Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal MHPOBC

The dielectric dispersion in the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases of a smectic liquid crystal, 4-(1-methylheptyl-oxycarbonyl)phenyl 4'-octyloxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate (MHPOBC), has been measured with several frequencies between 100 Hz and 100 kHz. The soft mode with the Debye-type dispersion was observed in the phase transition from the Sm A phase to the ferroelectric Sm C* phase. In the Sm C* phase, the Goldstone mode was observed at the frequency of about 4.5 kHz. The dielectric dispersion in the Sm CA*, Sm Cα* and Sm Cγ* phases is discussed.
Carbon distribution in top‐ and subsoil horizons of two contrasting Andisols under pasture or forest

Volcanic ash soils display distinctive morphological, physical and chemical properties and they contain several times more organic matter than non‐volcanic soils. So far, there are few studies of soil organic matter (SOM) distribution in different chemically and physically protected carbon pools of soil horizons of volcanic soils. The aim of this study was to determine the SOM distribution (and its δ13C and δ15N composition) in different chemical and physical fractions at various depth horizons of two Andisols under pasture or rain forest in southern Chile. We used the amount of humus‐complexes (Cp) extracted with Na pyrophosphate as a measure of C stabilized by aluminum (Alp) and iron (Fep) in combination with density fractionation to separate particulate organic matter as free (fPOM), occluded (oPOM) and organic matter associated with the mineral fraction (MF). The results showed that soil SOM stock (0–40 cm) in the pasture soil was 166 Mg C ha−1 (11.7 Mg N ha−1) and in the forest soil 100 Mg C ha−1 (4.1 Mg N ha−1). The SOM variation was explained largely by the differences in Cp, Alp and Fep. About 34% of total soil C was found as Cp in both oPOM and MF in the topsoil, whereas 33–53% was found in the subsoil horizons. The oPOM fraction was more important in the forest soil and generally decreased in the subsoil where these fractions were enriched with δ13C and δ15N. Our results emphasize the importance of the humus complex and oPOM formation as the SOM stabilization mechanism in the forest Andisol, whereas under pasture organo‐mineral interaction, including the formation of humic‐metal complexes, is the most important stabilization mechanism. A conceptual model is lacking to demonstrate the major areas of uncertainty within known mechanisms and factors that explain the distribution of SOM through soil profiles in Andisols.
Chemical Cross-Linking Modification of Polyimide/Poly(ether sulfone) Dual-Layer Hollow-Fiber Membranes for Gas Separation

A novel engineering approach on cross-linking modification of polyimide hollow-fiber membranes is reported. The concept is demonstrated using a dual-layer hollow-fiber membrane structure, where a polyimide {copoly[1,4-durene/1,3-phenylene-2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropanediimide] (6FDA-durene/mPDA) (50:50)} is chosen as the outer layer and poly(ether sulfone) (PES) is selected as the inner layer. Chemical cross-linking modification occurs at the outer polyimide layer by immersing the dual-layer hollow fibers in a 5% (w/v) p-xylenediamine/methanol solution at ambient temperature for a short period of time. Fourier transform infrared studies show that chemical cross-linking modification takes place by the formation of amide groups through the reactions between p-xylenediamine and imide groups. The PES inner layer is found to be immune from the proposed chemical cross-linking modification and remains porous and flexible as a supporting layer. Pure gas tests show that chemical cross-linking modifi.
EFFECT OF METHOD OF COMMlNUTlON (FLAKE‐CUTTING AND GRINDING) ON THE ACCEPTABILITY AND QUALITY OF HAMBURGER PATTIES

Grinding and flake-cutting were compared as methods of comminuting meat for hamburger patties. Drip after thawing, cooking losses and bacterial counts of the patties were similar. Trained sensory panels found that the ground patties had a finer grind, were more tender, less rubbery, and were more juicy and greasy than the flake-cut product. No differences were found in appearance, flavor and “doneness. ” A consumer panel found the patties made by both methods acceptable with a significantly higher score being given to the ground patty. The results indicate that some of the desirable characteristics, primarily those related to textural properties, which flake-cutting contributes to a steak-like product are not required in a beef patty or hamburger-type product.
Crystal Structures of two Triazole Derivatives

3-Phenyl-4-amino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole(PAMT), C 8 H 8 N 4 S, F.W. =192.24, triclinic, P 1¯, a=6.1698(3)Å, b=7.1765(1)Å, c=9.9894(3)Å, f =81.87(1), g =84.97(2), n =78.81(2), V=428.72(3)Å 3 , Z=2, D cal =1.489 Mgm m 3 , w =0.330 mm m 1 , F 000 =200, u (MoK f )=0.71073 Å, final R1 and wR2 are 0.0871 and 0.2170, respectively. 3-(4-Methylphenyl)-4-amino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (MAMT), C 9 H 10 N 4 S,F.W. =206.27, triclinic, P 1 , a=5.996(1)Å, b=7.582(2)Å, c=11.143(1)Å, f =73.16(1), g =89.65(2), n =87.88(1), V=484.52(3)Å 3 , Z=2, D cal =1.414 Mgm m 3 , w =2.674 mm m 1 , F 000 =216, u (CuK f )=1.5418 Å, final R1 and wR2 are 0.0656 and 0.1820, respectively. In both of the molecules the triazole rings are planar and oriented at angles of 5.7(1) and 1.4(2) with the respective phenyl rings in MAMT and PAMT. The molecules in the unit cell are stabilized by N-H…N type hydrogen bonds in addition to van der Waals forces.
Response of pre-loaded laminate composite plates subject to high velocity impact

An experimental and analytical study of two cases of static preload (uniaxial and biaxial) was made to determine the response of structural plate elements subjected to high velocity impacts under inplane tensile preloading conditions. The results were compared with those obtained in non-preloading specimens. Rectangular specimens were used for the uniaxial and non-preload tests, while cross-shaped specimens were used for the biaxial tests. The impacts were made by spherical projectiles travelling at velocities from 140 to 525 m/s. As a general result, the existence of a static preloading on the specimen was found to affect the ballistic limit and the damaged area. The biaxial preload specimens showed the higher ballistic limit and the damaged area was slightly bigger in the non-preloaded specimens. From the analytical model, the ballistic limit calculated for the non-loaded specimens showed a difference of 16% from the experimental values, and in the preloaded specimens the model did not show showed the same tendency as that observed experimentally.