Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deformation of the western Andes at ~20–22°S: a contribution to the quantification of crustal shortening

16 The Andes are an emblematic active Cordilleran orogen. It is admitted that mountain-building in 17 the Central Andes, at ~20°S, started ~50–60 Myr ago, along the subduction margin, and 18 propagated eastward. In general, the structures sustaining the uplift of the western flank of the 19 Andes are dismissed, and their contribution to mountain-building remains poorly solved. Here, 20 we focus on two sites along the western Andes at 20–22°S, in the Atacama Desert, where 21 structures are well exposed. We combine mapping from high-resolution satellite images with 22 field observations and numerical trishear forward modeling to provide quantitative constraints on 23 the kinematic evolution of the western Andes. Our results confirm the existence of two main 24 structures: (1) the Andean Basement Thrust, a west-vergent thrust placing Andean Paleozoic 25 basement over Mesozoic strata; and (2) the west-vergent West Andean Fold-and-Thrust-Belt, 26 deforming primarily Mesozoic units. Once restored, we estimate that both structures 27 accommodate together at least ~6–9 km of shortening across the sole ~7–17 km-wide 28 outcropping fold-and-thrust-belt. This multi-kilometric shortening represents only a fraction of 29 the total shortening accommodated along the whole western Andes. The timing of the recorded 30 main deformation can be bracketed sometime between ~68 and ~29 Ma – and possibly between 31 ~68 and ~44 Ma – from dated deformed geological layers, with a subsequent significant slowing32 down of shortening rates. Our results therefore reveal that the contribution of the structures of the 33 West Andes can no longer be neglected, in particular at the earliest stages of Andean mountain34 building. 35 manuscript submitted to Tectonics
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIMEDIA IN TEACHING SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE FOR THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

The use of multimedia technologies in education has enabled teachers to simulate final outcomes and assist students in applying knowledge learned from textbooks, thereby compensating for the deficiency of traditional teaching methods. It is important to examine how effective the technologies are in practical use. The purpose of the study was to describe the implementation of interactive multimedia and to describe the level of defiance of the eighth grade students of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta in learning of Simple Present Tense. The study utilized a teaching experiment with a non-equivalent pretest-posttest experimental group design to test and discuss students’ professional cognition, operating skill cognition, and level of learning achievement during the learning process. No significant differences emerged between the groups in regards to professional cognition or operation skills cognition. However, a significant difference in learning achievement was noted, indicating that the treatment with multimedia produced greater achievement than with traditional learning methods. Results are explained in detail and recommendations for further research provided. The result showed that teaching learning process by using multimedia is not only helping teacher in delivering the target language but also motivating the students in learning where it providesaudio and visual materials that make the students attract to the lesson and give more attention to it.
OPTIMIZING THE VELOCITY OF RING SHAPE PARAMETER FOR DESIGNING THE NOZZLES USING CFD

Obai Younis1,2 *, Reem Ahmed3, Ali Mohammed Hamdan4, Dania Ahmed2 1Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Engineering at Wadi Addwaser, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wadi Addwaser, Saudi Arabia 2University of Khartoum, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khartoum, Sudan 3Elgerafsharg Technical College, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sudan 4University of Bahri, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Alkadroo, Sudan
Association of stress, anxiety and depression with the body mass index and the body image perception among medical students

Depression is characterized by discomfort, loss of interest and anhedonia, feeling of guilt or low valor, sleep disturbance, appetite disturbance, feeling of fatigue, and poor concentration [2]. Depression can affect the job performance and social relations of the individuals [3]. This disorder involves many individuals in a manifest or latent way, to the extent where at fi nal stages is accompanied by death and suicidal thoughts [4,5]. It is expected to rank fi rst in disease burden in developed countries by 2030 [6]. Abbreviations
Utilising Elekta LINAC and MLC controller log files for phantom-less patient specific IMRT QA

Introduction: Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is the state of the art treatment technique in external beam radiotherapy. Currently, quality assurance (QA) procedures rely mostly on phantom-based experimental measurements. However, electronic log files, which originate from the linear accelerator (LINAC) or multi leaf collimator (MLC) controller, offer promising novel options for QA. Using this methodology, a variety of machine parameters can be recorded during the treatment. The aim of this MSc thesis was to explore and validate this log file-based QA. Materials and Methods: Two different models of LINACs, Versa HD and Synergy (Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden), were used to perform three test plans on a weekly basis: a 4-field-box, a head & neck volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) as well as a static picket fence (PF) test. The study duration was six months. XML type log files (MLC leaf positions, electric gun current etc.) were acquired during every irradiation using the option service graphing of the machine’s service mode. An in-house software was applied to evaluate deviations of the leaf positions from the test plan (as defined in the DICOM file). A mean leaf positioning error was calculated as the average of a mean measurement bank error over all measurements. The integrated electronic portal imaging device (EPID) and a detector array (Delta, ScandiDos AB, Uppsala, Sweden) provided reference data. The sensitivity of all measurement methods was analysed by means of implementing leaf errors in the static and also dynamic PF test plan. Results: For the static plans (PF test, 4-field-box), Versa HD log files showed a lower mean leaf positioning error (0.010 mm X1/ -0.002 mm X2, 0.002 mm X1/ -0.042 mm X2) compared to the Synergy (-0.301 mm/ 0.309 mm, -0.296 mm/ 0.291 mm). The EPID obtained higher values for the standard deviation than the log files, which could be attributed to the finite resolution of the EPID panel (pixel size of 0.4 mm). Interestingly, no agreement in the time development of the mean measurement bank error could be observed between log file and EPID data (Pearson correlation coefficient around 0.3; even smaller values were obtained
A survey of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus on rum , inner hebrides in 2001

Murray S. , Shewry M.C. , Mudge G.P. & Spray S. 2003. A survey of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus on Rum, Inner Hebrides in 2001 Atlantic Seabirds 5(3): 89-100. A sample survey of breeding numbers of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus was carried out on Rum in 2001, based on 658 circular quadrats randomly positioned throughout the colony. All burrows in the quadrats were checkedfor occupancy during the late incubation periodby playing a tape of a male shearwater call at burrow entrances and recording any response. In order to account for non-responding occupants, the estimate of the total number ofresponding burrows was multiplied by a correctionfactor of2.16, derived from a calibration study carried out in 2003. A total populationestimate of
Comparative study of two techniques of percutaneous pinning of displaced supracondylar humerus fracture

Background: supracondylar fractures of the humerus are very common fractures in paediatric age groups. If displaced, preferred treatment is close reduction with percutaneous K-wire fixation. This study compares the functional outcome of cross K-wires Vs lateral K-wires in Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures in paediatric age groups Methods: 60 cases of supracondylar fractures of the humerus Gartland type III in children operated with closed reduction and pinning of which 30 were of lateral and 30 were of cross K wire groups from January 2015 to June 2017 with minimum 4 months follow-up period were included. Results: Functional outcome of the patients was assessed by Flynn’s criteria. Results were excellent 13.33 %, good 40% fair 46.6% in cross K wire group and excellent 6.6 %, good 46.6%, fair 40% and poor 6.6 % in lateral K wire group. Conclusion: Both lateral entry pin fixation and crossed pin fixation are effective in the treatment of Gartland type III extension supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.
Online psychotherapy practice by psychodynamic therapists

Online psychotherapy was recognized by the Federal Council of Psychology Resolution n. 11/2018. With the official recognition of this practice, many professionals raised questions about its equivalence to face-to-face psychotherapy and the possible need of technical adaptations. Considering the lack of research on this theme, this study aimed to explore how psychodynamic/psychoanalytical psychotherapists perceive their own practice in online settings, including technical and relational aspects of the therapeutic process, in comparison to their experience in face-to-face treatments. This is a qualitative study with an exploratory approach. Eight psychologists responded to videoconference interviews. The interviews were audiotaped, fully transcribed, and analyzed by thematic analysis. Results were organized in two major themes (online psychotherapy practice and technique and psychodynamic process in online psychotherapy). Main results indicate online psychodynamic psychotherapy has many distinctive features (e.g. relying on quality of internet connection, fostering focal process, occurring in a more vulnerable setting, and eliciting a different pattern of communication) that require adaptation from therapist. Implication of findings to psychotherapy training and practice are discussed.
A Cultural Value Approach to the Entrepreneurial Gender Gap across 45 Countries – using a multilevel logistic model of individual entrepreneurial activity

This research explains the entrepreneurial gender gap by focusing on the normative environment within the institutional context of countries. The normative environment shapes a society’s individuals’ collective programming of the mind and develops individuals’ entrepreneurial behavior through values and beliefs, attitudes, and stereotyped expectations. Literature is inconclusive on whether the cultural values power distance, individualism, masculinity and uncertainty avoidance known to influence the entrepreneurial activity of individuals within a society are diverging in their effect on female and male entrepreneurial activity. This paper contributes to diminishing the dearth of studies using inappropriate models for cross-cultural empirical analysis by using an appropriate multilevel model to investigate the theoretically substantiated effects. The hypotheses are empirically explored using data from Hofstede, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2016, and The World Bank 2015 across 45 countries. Cross-level interaction terms are used to explain the moderating effect of a society’s cultural values and beliefs proxied by Hofstede’s cultural dimensions on the negative and statistically significant relationship between being female and being involved in entrepreneurial activity. The estimates of the cross-level interaction terms between country-level variables power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity and individual-level variable gender show weak or insignificant associations. Nevertheless, it is concluded that to increase female entrepreneurial activity and close the entrepreneurial gender gap, academics, policymakers, and policy implementers need to anticipate more on the socio-cultural context that forms the institutionalized values and beliefs societies have regarding gender roles. This needs to be done using appropriate multilevel models incorporating individual level and country level variables.
Macrofauna Edáfica e Atributos Físicos e Químicos em Sistemas de Uso do Solo no Planalto Catarinense

O uso do solo pode alterar processos como decomposicao da materia orgânica, ciclagem de nutrientes e agregacao das particulas e, com isso, influenciar a ocorrencia da macrofauna. Objetivou-se com este estudo relacionar os sistemas de uso do solo e os efeitos deles sobre a distribuicao de grupos da macrofauna do solo, bem como a relacao desses com os atributos fisicos e quimicos do solo. Os sistemas de uso do solo avaliados foram: floresta nativa, reflorestamento de eucalipto, pastagem, integracao lavoura-pecuaria e lavoura com sistema plantio direto. As amostras foram coletadas em uma grade de amostragem de 3 × 3, totalizando nove pontos, distanciados entre si em 30 m, no inverno e verao, em tres municipios do Planalto Sul-catarinense, considerados replicas verdadeiras. As avaliacoes foram de atributos fisicos e quimicos do solo e da abundância e diversidade da macrofauna, coletada pelo metodo Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF). Os organismos do solo sao pertencentes a 16 grupos taxonomicos, com 4.702 individuos m-2 no inverno e 7.438 individuos m-2 no verao. Houve interacao entre epoca e sistemas de uso do solo, com flutuacao populacional dos organismos dependente do uso e com relacao aos atributos fisicos e quimicos do solo, evidenciada pela analise de redundância, que apresentou alta correlacao entre variaveis ambientais e fauna do solo. As mudancas na composicao da macrofauna do solo foram observadas nos seus sistemas de uso, que tiveram maior intervencao antropica. Floresta nativa, reflorestamento de eucalipto e pastagem sao mais estaveis em termos de biodiversidade da macrofauna do solo, quando comparados com areas agricolas com plantio direto e integracao lavoura-pecuaria.
Modelling digital and manual contact tracing for COVID-19. Are low uptakes and missed contacts deal-breakers?

Comprehensive testing schemes, followed by adequate contact tracing and isolation, represent the best public health interventions we can employ to reduce the impact of an ongoing epidemic when no or limited vaccines are available and the implications of a full lockdown are to be avoided. However, the process of tracing can prove feckless for highly-contagious viruses such as SARS-Cov-2. The interview-based approaches often miss contacts and involve significant delays, while digital solutions can suffer from insufficient adoption rates or inadequate usage patterns. Here we present a novel way of modelling different contact tracing strategies using a generalized multi-site mean-field model, which can naturally assess the impact of both manual and digital approaches. Our methodology can readily be applied to any compartmental formulation, thus enabling the study of several complex pathogens. We use this technique to simulate a new epidemiological model, SEIR-T, and show that, given the right conditions, tracing in a COVID-19 epidemic can be effective even when digital uptakes are sub-optimal or interviewers miss a fair proportion of the contacts.
Relationships between Freezing of Gait Severity and Cognitive Deficits in Parkinson’s Disease

Introduction: Freezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most debilitating motor symptoms experienced by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), as it can lead to falls and reduced quality of life. Evidence supports an association between FOG severity and cognitive functioning; however, results are varied. Methods: PD patients with (PDFOG+, n=41) and without FOG (PDFOG-, n=39) and control healthy subjects (n=41) participated in the study. The NIH toolbox cognition battery, Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), and interval timing task were used to test cognitive domains. Measurements were compared between groups using multivariable models and adjusting for covariates. Correlation analyses, linear regression, and mediation models were applied to examine relationships among disease duration and severity, FOG severity, and cognitive functioning. Results: Significant differences were observed between controls and PD patients for all cognitive domains. PDFOG+ and PDFOG- exhibited differences in the dimensional change card sort (DCCS) test, interval timing task, and MoCA scores. After adjusting for covariates in two different models, PDFOG+ and PDFOG- differed in both MoCA and DCCS scores. In addition, significant relationships between FOG severity and cognitive function (MoCA, DCCS, and interval timing) were also found. Regression models suggest that FOG severity may be a predictor of cognitive impairment, and mediation models show the effects of cognitive impairment on the relationship between disease severity and FOG severity. Conclusions: Overall, this study provides insight into the relationship between cognitive and gait impairments in patients with PD, which could aid in the development of therapeutic interventions to manage both.
Printed organic thin-film transistor-based integrated circuits

Organic electronics is moving ahead on its journey towards reality. However, this technology will only be possible when it is able to meet specific criteria including flexibility, transparency, disposability and low cost. Printing is one of the conventional techniques to deposit thin films from solution-based ink. It is used worldwide for visual modes of information, and it is now poised to enter into the manufacturing processes of various consumer electronics. The continuous progress made in the field of functional organic semiconductors has achieved high solubility in common solvents as well as high charge carrier mobility, which offers ample opportunity for organic-based printed integrated circuits. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of all-printed organic thin-film transistor-based integrated circuits, mainly ring oscillators. First, the necessity of all-printed organic integrated circuits is discussed; we consider how the gap between printed electronics and real applications can be bridged. Next, various materials for printed organic integrated circuits are discussed. The features of these circuits and their suitability for electronics using different printing and coating techniques follow. Interconnection technology is equally important to make this product industrially viable; much attention in this review is placed here. For high-frequency operation, channel length should be sufficiently small; this could be achievable with a combination of surface treatment-assisted printing or laser writing. Registration is also an important issue related to printing; the printed gate should be perfectly aligned with the source and drain to minimize parasitic capacitances. All-printed organic inverters and ring oscillators are discussed here, along with their importance. Finally, future applications of all-printed organic integrated circuits are highlighted.
Exhaled breath condensate: nitric oxide- related compounds

Summary Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a simple, safe and noninvasive method of sampling the lower airways. To this end, measurement of inflammatory markers within these samples could be of benefit in monitoring disease severity, exacerbations and responses to treatment. Measurement of metabolites of nitric oxide (NO,) such as nitrite and nitrate, have been measured extensively in EBC from subjects with a variety of pulmonary diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. Although there remain methodological issues regarding the source of nitrite and nitrate in EBC, due to acute cigarette smoking and bacterial contamination of the oral cavity, these can be overcome by smoking cessation prior to sample collection and the use of an antibacterial mouthwash. Using these techniques, levels of NO-related compounds have been reported to be elevated in many inflammatory lung conditions, including asthma and COPD. Measurements of nitrotyrosine and S-nitrosothiols in EBC are also possible and more recently, techniques have become available to measure peroxynitrite in EBC. However, more studies are required to validate these measurements. Data currently available indicate that levels of these compounds are elevated in a number of respiratory conditions and that these levels can be altered by treatments such as glucocorticosteroids. Therefore, assessment of nitrosative stress in the airways using measurement of NO-related compounds may be of benefit for monitoring novel therapies that target these pathways directly.
Study of Si-doped Sb2Te3 film for low power and good data retention phase-change memory application

Electrical, thermal and crystallization properties of 20at. % Si-doped Sb2Te3 film were investigated and compared to those of conventional Ge2Sb2Te5 film by annealing temperature-dependent resistivity measurement, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in situ time-dependent resistance measurement at various isothermal annealing temperatures. The resistivity of this doped Sb2Te3 film after 400 °C annealing is nearly ten times that of Ge2Sb2Te5 film and its melting temperature is about 100 °C lower. The resistivity ratio can reach 106 during the phase transition, accompanied with a smaller thickness change of 1.7% in contrast to that of Ge2Sb2Te5 film of 6.8%. Crystallization temperature of 20at. % Si-Sb2Te3 film is 271 °C and maximum temperature for a 10-year lifetime is estimated to be 144 °C with crystallization activation energy of 3.65 eV, which promises better data retention than Ge2Sb2Te5 film. Micrometer-sized phase-change memory devices were also fabricated and examined. Lower power consumption is obtained in the RESET operation of the memory device using 20at. % Si-Sb2Te3, which should be attributed to higher crystalline resistivity and lower melting temperature of the film.
Fast Compilation and Execution of SQL Queries with WebAssembly

Interpreted execution of queries, as in the vectorized model, suffers from interpretation overheads. By compiling queries this interpretation overhead is eliminated at the cost of a compilation phase that delays execution, sacrificing latency for throughput. For short-lived queries, minimizing latency is important, while for long-running queries throughput outweighs latency. Because neither a purely interpretive model nor a purely compiling model can provide low latency and high throughput, adaptive solutions emerged. Adaptive systems seamlessly transition from interpreted to compiled execution, achieving low latency for short-lived queries and high throughput for long-running queries. However, these adaptive systems pose an immense development effort and require expert knowledge in both interpreter and compiler design. In this work, we investigate query execution by compilation to WebAssembly. We are able to compile even complex queries in less than a millisecond to machine code with near-optimal performance. By delegating execution of WebAssembly to the V8 engine, we are able to seamlessly transition from rapidly compiled yet non-optimized code to thoroughly optimized code during execution. Our approach provides both low latency and high throughput, is adaptive out of the box, and is straight forward to implement. The drastically reduced compilation times even enable us to explore generative programming of library code, that is fully inlined by construction. Our experimental evaluation confirms that our approach yields competitive and sometimes superior performance.