Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The First Record of Cretaceous Thaneroclerids (Insecta: Coleoptera) from the Burmese Amber

Abstract. A new genus of Thanerocleridae, Archaeozenodosus bellus Yu and Kolibač gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian, ca. 99 Ma) amber near the Hukawng Valley of northern Myanmar, making it the first Mesozoic record of the family. Morphological characters preserved in the Burmese amber highlight the diversity of thaneroclerids during the Late Mesozoic and provide data for future phylogenetic studies of Thanerocleridae.
Multiple Temporalities of Household Labour: The Challenge of Assessing Women's Empowerment

The economic empowerment of women remains a central feature of develop- ment projects worldwide. This article explores these empowerment aspira-tions by examining various temporal complexities related to two develop- ment projects in South India targeting individual cooking and fuel-collection routines. It argues that three temporal considerations of household labour — polychronic time, collectivized time and hybrid labour/leisure time — are largely overlooked, thus challenging the appropriateness of empower- ment strategies from the outset. By highlighting key household dynamics this study argues that efforts to pursue economic empowerment by members of the clean cookstove sector devalue unpaid labour and glorify waged work that is often tedious and mediated by powerful men. Further, waged work can be burdensomely added to pre-existing unpaid domestic labour respon-sibilities. This common portrayal of empowerment by the clean cookstove sector can be viewed as facilitating the advancement of a neoliberal vision of rural women’s livelihoods where empowerment and agency are reconﬁgured and incorporated into the problematic wage relations of capitalist economies. This view of empowerment, which privileges market participation, also over- looks many of the actually experienced positive effects of improved stoves; beneﬁts which tend to be domestic, communal, routine, non-economic and difﬁcult to quantify. The article argues that conventional deﬁnitions and vi-sions of ‘empowerment’ should be re-evaluated to include forms of ‘mun- dane agency’.
Point mean beam length, a new concept to enhance the computational efficiency of multidimensional, non-gray radiative heat transfer

Abstract A new concept of point mean beam length (PMBL) is introduced. For enclosures with simple geometry, this concept provides a fundamental self-consistent interpretation on the various different definition of the conventional mean beam length. The concept is further demonstrated to be effective in enhancing the computational efficiency for multidimensional radiative heat transfer in non-gray media. In the evaluation of radiative exchange between two perpendicular areas with a common edge, the use of PMBL leads to a factor of 100 to 400 reduction in computational effort compared to the direct integration approach. For practical applications, PMBL is combined with RADNNET (a neural network correlation for a one-dimensional CO2/H2O/soot combustion mixture) to generate two highly efficient and accurate solvers for the evaluation of exchange factors between two parallel or perpendicular rectangular areas of arbitrary dimensions with an intervening combustion mixture.
Analyzing the Impact of Diversity Management on Innovative Behaviors through Employee Engagement and Affective Commitment

This article aims to analyze direct and indirect impact of diversity management on innovative behavior through employee engagement and affective commitment. The sample used in this study comes from a survey of 225 respondents who are employees of one of the prestigious Mashhad universities. The data was gathered using a questionnaire and analyzed by structural equation modeling with Warp PLS 5. This research verified the direct effect of diversity management on employee innovative behavior. Moreover, results show diversity management predicts employees’ affective commitment and employee engagement. The impact of affective commitment and employee engagement on employees’ innovative behavior was also confirmed. The results show that diversity management, affective commitment, and employee engagement predict each phase of idea generation, idea promotion, and idea implementation. Based on this study, we recommend that human resource practices should institutionalize effective diversity management like training, employment, progression, and promotion. Furthermore, the high level of employee engagement and affective commitment could be considered by universities to increase innovative behavior. The current research addresses a gap in the current literature in the diversity management and innovative behavior context by employing different theoretical bases, including Social Exchange Theory and Institutional Theory.
Key Audit Matters Reports in China: Their Descriptions and Implications of Audit Quality

Using Chinese data of key audit matters (KAM) reports, this study assesses whether the KAM rule improves audit quality and how KAM disclosures relate to audit quality. With textual analysis, we evaluate disclosure characteristics in detail and find that auditors report both industry-generic and firm-specific KAM. The wordings, to a large extent, are firm-specific and differ in KAM reporting components. Our empirical investigation via the pre-post and difference-in-differences analyses reveals that audit quality is improved following the mandatory rule. The cross-sectional analysis shows that the number of KAMs and disclosure characteristics (such as specificity, similarity, readability, and length) signal auditors' concern about clients' earnings quality, audit effort, and the propensity of issuing modified opinions. Overall, our paper provides some evidence on the implementation and communicative value of the new KAM reporting. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text. JEL Classifications: M41; M42; M48.
Coxiella burnetii blocks intracellular IL-17 signaling in macrophages

Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium and the etiological agent of Q fever. Successful host cell infection requires the Coxiella Type IVB Secretion System (T4BSS), which translocates bacterial effector proteins across the vacuole membrane into the host cytoplasm, where they manipulate a variety of cell processes. To identify host cell targets of Coxiella T4BSS effector proteins, we determined the transcriptome of murine alveolar macrophages infected with a Coxiella T4BSS effector mutant. We identified a set of inflammatory genes that are significantly upregulated in T4BSS mutant-infected cells compared to mock-infected cells or cells infected with wild type (WT) bacteria, suggesting Coxiella T4BSS effector proteins downregulate expression of these genes. In addition, the IL-17 signaling pathway was identified as one of the top pathways affected by the bacteria. While previous studies demonstrated that IL-17 plays a protective role against several pathogens, the role of IL-17 during Coxiella infection is unknown. We found that IL-17 kills intracellular Coxiella in a dose-dependent manner, with the T4BSS mutant exhibiting significantly more sensitivity to IL-17 than WT bacteria. In addition, quantitative PCR confirmed increased expression of IL-17 downstream signaling genes in T4BSS mutant-infected cells compared to WT or mock-infected cells, including the pro-inflammatory cytokines I11a, Il1b and Tnfa, the chemokines Cxcl2 and Ccl5, and the antimicrobial protein Lcn2. We further confirmed that the Coxiella T4BSS downregulates macrophage CXCL2/MIP-2 and CCL5/RANTES protein levels following IL-17 stimulation. Together, these data suggest that Coxiella downregulates IL-17 signaling in a T4BSS-dependent manner in order to escape the macrophage immune response.
Transitional climate mortality: slower warming may result in increased climate‐induced mortality in some systems

The potential for climate change to cause mass tree mortality in forested systems by pushing environmental conditions past physiological tolerance thresholds is well documented. Less well studied is damage and mortality associated with climatic transitions, where mortality is less on either side of the transition; the shift from freezing winter conditions to thawed winter conditions in temperate and high latitudes is a clear example. “ Transitional climate mortality ” is sporadic, but widespread, associated with exposure to mortality during these climatic transitions, and triggered by proximal weather events like a hard freeze after a period of above freezing temperatures. Interestingly, this suggests that slower warming could result in more intensive mortality because of extended exposure to potential mortality events. The concept is tested using a well-studied species ( Callitropsis nootkatensis ) on the US/Canadian Paci ﬁ c coast. To identify the transitional mortality zone, statistical modeling combined with a current mortality map and bioclimatic variables was used. This process identi ﬁ ed the (cid:1) 5 ° to 0 ° C zone (mean temperature of the coldest month) as particularly associated with transitional mortality. Weather station data from multiple locations were used to validate observations. Four GCMs (General Circulation Model) and two future warming scenarios (representative concentration pathway 2.6 and 8.5) were used to estimate time and spatial extent of exposure at broad scales; slower warming results in more intensive cumulative exposure than faster warming. Finally, by combining the observed mortality zone with weather station data a generalizable binomial model was tested as a means to estimate potential future mortality. This model is applicable to any system where the transitional mortality zone (e.g., temperature range) and the frequency of proximal mortality triggers are known. This type of mortality phenomena has been understudied but may be a large driver of future forest change, given the frequency of mortality events and the ubiquity of the freeze – thaw transition across temperate systems globally.
Effectiveness of Bare-root and Gravel-culture Shrubs Used in Wildlife Habitat Restoration on Lakeshores in Northern Wisconsin

Human development on lakeshore habitats has greatly reduced shrub layer coverage along many North American lakes, negatively impacting associated floral and faunal communities. In northern Wisconsin, several restoration projects have been implemented in recent decades to reverse the impacts of development on lakeshore natural communities. However, restoration practitioners are frequently limited to using containerized plant stock purchased at local nurseries, which can be cost-prohibitive. As an alternative, we tested the effectiveness of using dormant bare-root shrubs in restoration projects along five lakeshores in northern Wisconsin. Because bare-root plant stock can only be planted during narrow windows during the late fall and early spring, we examined the efficacy of using bare-root stock that was grown in a gravel medium (“gravel-culture”) and then planted later during the growing season. We monitored individuals from five species of native shrubs in each of three planting treatments over a three-year period and used a repeated measures, mixed-model approach to compare plant growth of both bare-root and gravel culture stock to growth of containerized stock. Logistic regression models were used to compare the survival of shrubs and treatments. Containerized stock exhibited the greatest growth and survival of the stock types examined. The utility of bare-root and gravel-culture stock varied among species, but for most species our results suggest that gravel-culture may be successfully used to extend the planting window.
Assessing Spatial Configurations and Transport Energy Usage for Planning Sustainable Communities

Energy usage in cities is intertwined with its spatial configuration—the denser and more compact the city, the more concentrated and efficient the energy usage is to be expected. To achieve sustainable communities, cities (and their inhabitants) must reconsider its spatial configurations in the context of rapid urbanisation and growth in light of limited resources and conflicting spatial claims. This article seeks to understand how spatial configurations affect transport energy usage in cities and propose an integrated assessment approach factoring spatial configurational analysis in relation to transport energy usage at the micro- and macroscale. Comparing Bergen, Norway, and Zürich, Switzerland, findings showed that spatial configurations were positively correlated to transport energy usage. Street structures suitable for walking and less suitable for car traffic tended to exhibit lower amounts of energy usage. Following this, nine typologies of transport and land use patterns are described to support planning for more sustainable means of transport.
Misoprostol vaginal insert and Foley catheter in labour induction - single center retrospective observational study of obstetrical outcome.

OBJECTIVES Induction of labour is one of the most common procedures used in obstetrics and its prevalence tends to increase. In patients with an unripe cervix (Bishop score < 7) pre-induction procedures are used before the start of oxytocin induction. Currently there is no consensus among scientific societies on the optimal way of pre-induction. We have conducted a single-centre retrospective observational study comparing obstetric induction results of patients after 37 weeks of gestation who were pre-induced with misoprostol vaginal insert (MVI) with 200 μg of misoprostol (Misodel - Ferring Pharmaceuticals Poland) or Foley catheter (20 F, 60 mL baloon). MATERIAL AND METHODS We have reviewed the medical records of 503 patients (group A pre-induced MVI - 135 patients, group B pre-induced Foley catheter - 368 patients) who were in a single, full-term pregnancy, pre-induced due to unripe cervixes (Bishop score < 7) with a Foley catheter or Misodel (MVI 200 μg). We compared obstetric results between groups. RESULTS Group A patients had a lower chance of using oxytocin in labour induction/augmentation (OR = 0.21 95% CI = 0.13-0.32), and a greater chance of surgical delivery by caesarean section (OR = 2.14 95% CI = 1.42-3.23) and vacuum extraction (OR = 3.29 95% CI = 1.08-10.00). Group A patients also had a greater chance of abnormal CTG (OR = 2.66 95% CI = 1.5-4.7) compared to group B. The groups did not differ in terms of meconium stained amniotic fluid and postpartum haemorrhage. The percentage of children born with a pH from umbilical cord blood < 7.2 and < 7.1 and newborns of medium general condition (Apgar 4-7) did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Neonatological results of children from Foley catheters and MVI induced delivery do not differ. Patients pre-induced with MVI rarely require labour augmentation with oxytocin. MVI-preinduced patients have a better chance of having a delivery by CS or VE compared to the Foley catheter.
Development of the CREATE Inventory in Support of Integrated Climate and Air Quality Modeling for Asia

A bottom-up emissions inventory is one of the most important data sets needed to understand air quality (AQ) and climate change (CC). Several emission inventories have been developed for Asia, including Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P), Regional Emission Inventory in Asia (REAS), and Inter-Continental Chemical Transport Experiment (INTEX) and, while these have been used successfully for many international studies, they have limitations including restricted amounts of information on pollutant types and low levels of transparency with respect to the polluting sectors or fuel types involved. To address these shortcomings, we developed: (1) a base-year, bottom-up anthropogenic emissions inventory for Asia, using the most current parameters and international frameworks (i.e., the Greenhouse gas—Air pollution INteractions and Synergies (GAINS) model); and (2) a base-year, natural emissions inventory for biogenic and biomass burning. For (1), we focused mainly on China, South Korea, and Japan; however, we also covered emission inventories for other regions in Asia using data covering recent energy/industry statistics, emission factors, and control technology penetration. The emissions inventory (Comprehensive Regional Emissions inventory for Atmospheric Transport Experiment (CREATE)) covers 54 fuel classes, 201 subsectors, and 13 pollutants, namely SO2, NOx, CO, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), NH3, OC, BC, PM10, PM2.5, CO2, CH4, N2O, and Hg. For the base-year natural emissions inventory, the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) and BlueSky-Asia frameworks were used to estimate biogenic and biomass burning emissions, respectively. Since the CREATE emission inventory was designed/developed using international climate change/air quality (CC/AQ) assessment frameworks, such as GAINS, and has been fully connected with the most comprehensive emissions modeling systems—such as the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Chemical Manufacturing Area Source (CMAS) system—it can be used to support various climate and AQ integrated modeling studies, both now and in the future.
Genetic diversity and structure of native Egyptian cattle populations and French-Egyptian Cross via DNA-microsatellite

This study investigates genetic diversity and structure of native Egyptian cattle populations, called Baladi, as Saidi from Southern Egypt, Menufi from Mid-Delta and their F1 crosses with the French Tarentaise breed using DNA Microsatellite markers. A total of unrelated 97 individuals were genotyped utilizing eight SSR primers (ETH10, ETH225, BM1818, BM1824, BM2113, SPS115, TGLA53 and TGLA126). All utilized SSR were found to be polymorphic. The highest and lowest numbers of alleles detected were 16 and 6 at TGLA53 and SPS115 loci, respectively. Baladi-Tarentaise crosses (Bal-Tar) had the highest number of alleles over all. The PIC values of 7 loci were higher than 0.5, indicating high allelic variation of utilized markers. Estimated PIC values were up to 0.898, 0.866 and 0.873 for TGLA53 genotyped in Saidi, Menufi and Bal-Tar, respectively. Hobs values were lower than the expected ones in the native populations accompanied with positive values for Fis and significant deviation from HWE indicating inbreeding trend in native populations. Structure analysis indicated three ancestral genetic backgrounds. The native populations share two main backgrounds in almost equal percentages, while the Bal-Tar had the third one. The three populations showed low percentage of admixture. The studied Mediterranean cattle populations that belong to Egypt and France seem to have differentiated from each other with only little genetic exchange between the geographically isolated populations so local cattle is very similar.
Peatland forests are the least diverse tree communities documented in Amazonia, but contribute to high regional beta‐diversity

Western Amazonia is known to harbour some of Earth's most diverse forests, but previous floristic analyses have excluded peatland forests which are extensive in northern Peru and are among the most environmentally extreme ecosystems in the lowland tropics. Understanding patterns of tree species diversity in these ecosystems is important both for quantifying beta‐diversity in this region, and for understanding determinants of diversity more generally in tropical forests. Here we explore patterns of tree diversity and composition in two peatland forest types – palm swamps and peatland pole forests – using 26 forest plots distributed over a large area of northern Peru. We place our results in a regional context by making comparisons with three other major forest types: terra firme forests (29 plots), white‐sand forests (23 plots) and seasonally‐flooded forests (11 plots). Peatland forests had extremely low (within‐plot) alpha‐diversity compared with the other forest types that were sampled. In particular, peatland pole forests had the lowest levels of tree diversity yet recorded in Amazonia (20 species per 500 stems, Fisher's alpha 4.57). However, peatland pole forests and palm swamps were compositionally different from each other as well as from other forest types in the region. Few species appeared to be peatland endemics. Instead, peatland forests were largely characterised by a distinctive combination of generalist species and species previously thought to be specialists of other habitats, especially white‐sand forests. We suggest that the transient nature and extreme environmental conditions of Amazonian peatland ecosystems have shaped their current patterns of tree composition and diversity. Despite their low alpha‐diversity, the unique combination of species found in tree communities in Amazonian peatlands augment regional beta‐diversity. This contribution, alongside their extremely high carbon storage capacity and lack of protection at national level, strengthens their status as a conservation priority.
Use of Phenylacetonitrile Plus Acetic Acid to Monitor Pandemis pyrusana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Apple

A recent discovery have demonstrated that herbivore induced plant volatile compounds from apple tree infested with leafrollers were highly attractive to con-specific adult male and female leafrollers. However, this work has been conducted in New Zealand and Canada testing only low doses of kairomone. This study has been conducted in US to assess the attractiveness of higher doses of the six apple volatiles provisory identified in apple trees infested by tortricid larvaeto the leafroller, Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott. These volatiles included, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, benzyl alcohol, phenylacetonitrile, (E)-nerolidol, and indole. No volatiles were attractive to P. pyrusana when used alone. However, traps baited with phenylacetonitrile plus acetic acid caught both sexes of P. pyrusana. Traps baited with the other volatiles plus acetic acid caught zero to only incidental numbers of moths, ≤ 1.0. Adding phenylacetonitrile to traps baited with pear ester, ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate plus acetic acid significantly reduced catches of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). However, adding phenylacetonitrile to traps baited with codling moth sex pheromone, pear ester, and acetic acid did not similarly reduce moth catches of C. pomonella. Interestingly, traps baited with phenylacetonitrile plus acetic acid caught significantly more P. pyrusana than traps baited with a commercial sex pheromone lure. The evaporation rate of the acetic acid co-lure was an important factor affecting catches of P. pyrusana with phenylacetonitrile, and studies are needed to optimize the emission rates of both lure components. Further studies are warranted to develop phenylacetonitrile and possibly other aromatic plant volatiles as bisexual lures for the range of tortricid pests attacking horticultural crops.