Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transient Climate Change in the Hadley Centre Models: The Role of Physical Processes

Abstract A comparison of the response to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations of two versions of the Met Office's (Hadley Centre) coupled atmosphere–ocean model reveals differences that result in large local variations in the modeled impact of climate change. With the aim of understanding the important processes and feedbacks associated with climate change, and ultimately reducing uncertainty in predictions, a series of sensitivity experiments were performed using a coupled atmosphere–mixed layer ocean model. The primary differences in the atmospheric response of the coupled models studied are found to be due to changes made to the physical representation of the atmosphere rather than to the ocean. In particular, many of the different patterns of response can be explained through changes made to the boundary layer scheme combining in a nonlinear way with changes to the cloud scheme to alter the tropical temperature and precipitation response in the model. A new land surface exchange scheme largely acc.
The function of BCL11B in base excision repair contributes to its dual role as an oncogene and a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor gene

Abstract Genetic studies in mice and human cancers established BCL11B as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor gene. Paradoxically, BCL11B is overexpressed in some human cancers where its knockdown is synthetic lethal. We identified the BCL11B protein in a proximity-dependent biotinylation screen performed with the DNA glycosylase NTHL1. In vitro DNA repair assays demonstrated that both BCL11B and a small recombinant BCL11B213-560 protein lacking transcription regulation potential can stimulate the enzymatic activities of two base excision repair (BER) enzymes: NTHL1 and Pol β. In cells, BCL11B is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA damage caused by laser microirradiation. BCL11B knockdown delays, whereas ectopic expression of BCL11B213-560 accelerates, the repair of oxidative DNA damage. Inactivation of one BCL11B allele in TK6 lymphoblastoid cells causes an increase in spontaneous and radiation-induced mutation rates. In turn, ectopic expression of BCL11B213-560 cooperates with the RAS oncogene in cell transformation by reducing DNA damage and cellular senescence. These findings indicate that BCL11B functions as a BER accessory factor, safeguarding normal cells from acquiring mutations. Paradoxically, it also enables the survival of cancer cells that would otherwise undergo senescence or apoptosis due to oxidative DNA damage resulting from the elevated production of reactive oxygen species.
The relationship between frailty, walking ability, and depression in elderly Chinese people

To explore the relationship between depression symptoms, frailty, and walking ability in Chinese elderly people, and to provide new evidence for research on the prevention and treatment of depression in Chinese elderly people. The data of this study is sourced from the 2018 CHARLS data (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study). Z-test, logistic regression, and linear stratified regression were used to analyze the walking ability, frailty, and depressive symptoms of 2927 participants. Good walking ability and non frailty were significantly negatively correlated with depression symptoms in the elderly (P < .05). This important negative association persists even after adjusting for demographic, health condition, and lifestyle factors. (P < .05). Elderly women are at a higher risk of developing depression than men, while elderly people with good walking ability and no frailty are at a lower risk of developing depression. At the same time, elderly people with disabilities, hypertension, arthritis, and low levels of physical activity are more likely to experience depressive symptoms. It is recommended that elderly people pay attention to maintaining walking ability and avoiding frailty to reduce the risk of depression.
Synergistic Effects of SAP, Limestone Powder and White Cement on the Aesthetic and Mechanical Properties of Fair-Faced Concrete

In this investigation, a comprehensive assessment was conducted on the cooperative effects of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP), limestone powder, and white cement within the realm of fair-faced concrete. We discerned that while white cement augments the color vibrancy of the concrete, its accelerated hydration rate potentially induced early-stage cracks and compromised performance. To mitigate these challenges, SAP was incorporated to regulate early hydration, and limestone powder was introduced as a fortifying agent to bolster the mechanical robustness of the concrete. Our findings highlighted not only the capability of SAP to enhance concrete workability and longevity but also the pivotal role of limestone powder in amplifying its mechanical attributes. Microscopic evaluations, undertaken via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), unveiled the potential of both SAP and limestone powder in refining the microstructure of the concrete, thereby elevating its performance metrics. Synthesizing the research outcomes, we pinpointed an optimal amalgamation of SAP, limestone powder, and white cement in fair-faced concrete, offering a valuable reference for prospective architectural applications.
SOIL EXCHANGEABLE CALCIUM MAPPING IN CENTRAL SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

The study investigated and mapped soil exchangeable calcium in the study area assisted by geographic isystem. Field sampling technique was a free soil sur vey guided by geology map of the study area. Pedons were georeferenced using the Global Positioning System (GPS). Physicoc hemical properties were determined. Soil data wer e subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the PROC Mix-mod el of SAS. Soil data and cartographic information were designed and edited using AutoCADMAP 2000 before exportation to ArcView 3.5, followed by query of the database. Sand-sized particles dominated soil texture with soils develop ed over Alluvium having 808.0 g kg -1 sand,693.2 g kg -1 sand recorded on soils derived from Coastal Plain Sands. Sand conten ts of other soil groups include 744.0 g kg -1 (Falsebedded Sandstones),485.6 g kg -1 (Lower Coal Measures)376.8 g kg -1 (Shale ) and 835.2 g kg -1 (Upper Coal Measures). Soils derived from Shale had the highest clay content(492.0 g kg -1 )and waterholding capacity(655.6 g kg -1 ) while least value of waterholding capacity(195.6 g kg -1 ) was found in soils formed over Upper Coal Measur es with 133.2 g kg -1 clay content. Results indicate three classes of exchangeable calc ium in the study site, namely, very low(less than 2 .0 cmol kg -1 ), low (2.0 5.0 cmol kg -1 )and moderate(5.0 ‐ 10.0 cmol kg -1 ). Further studies should include an overlay of ot her soil and non-soil attributes to investigate attributes relationships in the study area.
An independent test of planktic foraminiferal turnover across the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/P) boundary at El Kef, Tunisia: Catastrophic mass extinction and possible survivorship

Planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy a nd assemblage turnover across the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/P) boundary at El Kef revealed the largest and most abrupt extinction event in the history of planktic foraminifera. Cretaceous assemblages were very abundant and di verse and included 67 stable identified species within the terminal Maastrichtian . The mass extinction was characterized by the disappearance of 6 (8.9%) species in the last 12 meters of the upper Maastrichtian and the extinction of 46 (68.7%) species at the K/P boundary as well as 15 (22.4%) possible survivors ranging into the lowermost Danian. The range of planktic foraminifera only based on six samples (equivalen! to the previous El Kef blind sample test) showed an even more catastrophic extinction pattern, with only 1 species disappearing befare the K/P boundary. The K/P debate is the result of severa! problems which include the "Signor-Lipps" effect, the possibility of reworking and the exis­ tence of hiatuses. However, irrespective of the different interpretations we conclude that there were no significant extinction nor quanti­ tative changes before the K/P boundary and that most Cretaceous species suddenly became extinct at the K/P boundary. The El Kef section is one of the most continuous marine K/P boundary sections known and hiatuses ha ve not been identified. Furthermore, possible Cretaceous survivors had a smaller size and lower absolute abundance in the lower Danian than in the upper Maastrichtian and the planktic foraminiferal evolutionary radiation began above the K/P boundary and not below. The same results have been found in other subtropical-temperate sections and may be sufficient proof for the existence of a catastrophic mass extinction at the K/P boundary. The planktic foraminiferal K/P extinction pattern is also very compatible with the catastrophic effects caused by the impact of a large extra­ terrestrial asteroid.
Mesotrode allows chronic simultaneous mesoscale cortical imaging and subcortical or peripheral nerve spiking activity recording in mice

Brain function originates from hierarchical spatial-temporal neural dynamics distributed across cortical and subcortical networks. However, techniques available to assess large-scale brain network activity with single-neuron resolution in behaving animals remain limited. Here, we present Mesotrode that integrates chronic wide-field mesoscale cortical imaging and compact multi-site cortical/subcortical cellular electrophysiology in head-fixed mice that undergo self-initiated running or orofacial movements. Specifically, we harnessed the flexibility of chronic multi-site tetrode recordings to monitor single-neuron activity in multiple subcortical structures while simultaneously imaging the mesoscale activity of the entire dorsal cortex. A mesoscale spike-triggered averaging procedure allowed the identification of cortical activity motifs preferentially associated with single-neuron spiking. Using this approach, we were able to characterize chronic single-neuron-related functional connectivity maps for up to 60 days post-implantation. Neurons recorded from distinct subcortical structures display diverse but segregated cortical maps, suggesting that neurons of different origins participate in distinct cortico-subcortical pathways. We extended the capability of Mesotrode by implanting the micro-electrode at the facial motor nerve and found that facial nerve spiking is functionally associated with the PTA, RSP, and M2 network, and optogenetic inhibition of the PTA area significantly reduced the facial movement of the mice. These findings demonstrate that Mesotrode can be used to sample different combinations of cortico-subcortical networks over prolonged periods, generating multimodal and multi-scale network activity from a single implant, offering new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying specific behaviors.
Mentha piperita: Essential Oil and Extracts, Their Biological Activities, and Perspectives on the Development of New Medicinal and Cosmetic Products

This review aims to analyze Mentha piperita L. as a potential raw material for the development of new health-promoting products (nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products). A lot of scientific publications were retrieved from the Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases which enable the study and generalization of the extraction procedures, key biologically active compounds of essential oil and extracts, biological properties, and therapeutic potential of M. piperita, along with perspectives on the development of its dosage forms, including combinations of synthetic active substances and herbal preparations of M. piperita. The results of this review indicate that M. piperita is a source rich in phytoconstituents of different chemical nature and can be regarded as a source of active substances to enhance health and to develop medicinal products for complementary therapy of various conditions, especially those related with oxidant stress, inflammation, and moderate infections. Essential oil has a broad spectrum of activities. Depending on the test and concentration, this essential oil has both anti- and prooxidant properties. Gram-positive bacteria are more sensitive to the essential oil of M. piperita than Gram-negative ones. This review also considered some facets of the standardization of essential oil and extracts of M. piperita. Among the identified phenolics of extracts were caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, eriocitrin, luteolin derivates (luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoronide), and hesperidin. The concentration of these phenolics depends on the solvent used. This review also considered the relationships between the chemical component and biological activity. The results showed that the essential oil and extracts reduced inflammation in vitro by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and in vivo by reducing the paw edema induced using carrageenan injection in rats. Therefore, herbal preparations of M. piperita are promising medicinal and cosmetic preparations for their usage in skincare and oral cavity care products with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. This plant can also be regarded as a platform for the development of antibacterial preparations and combined anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective medicinal products (synthetic active substances plus herbal preparations). This review could be considered for the justification of the composition of some medicinal products during their pharmaceutical development for writing a registration dossier in the format of Common Technical Document.
Tumour regression predicts better response to interferon therapy in melanoma patients: a retrospective single centre study

We hypothesise that regression may have an impact on the effectiveness of adjuvant IFN therapy, based on its role in the host immune response. Our purpose is to investigate regression and ulceration as prognostic factors in case of interferon-alpha (IFN)-treated melanoma patients. We followed 357 IFN-treated melanoma patients retrospectively, investigating progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) depending on the presence of ulceration and regression. A Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed, and we used a Cox regression analysis to relate risk factors. The survival function of the Cox regression was used to measure the effect of regression and ulceration on PFS and OS depending on the Breslow thickness (T1–T4) of the primary tumour. Regression was significantly positively related to PFS (P = 0.0018, HR = 0.352) and OS (P = 0.0112, HR = 0.380), while ulceration showed a negative effect (PFS: P = 0.0001, HR = 2.629; OS: P = 0.0003, HR = 2.388). They influence survival independently. The most favourable outcome was measured in the regressed/non-ulcerated group, whereas the worse was in the non-regressed/ulcerated one. Of risk factors, Breslow thickness is the most significant predictor. The efficacy of regression is regardless of Breslow thickness, though the more favourable the impact of regression was in the thicker primary lesions. Our results indicate that regression is associated with a more favourable outcome for IFN-treated melanoma patients, whereas ulceration shows an inverse relation. Further studies are needed to analyse the survival benefit of regression in relation to innovative immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Hospital registration of Adverse Drug Reactions in Electronic health records: importance and contribution to pharmacovigilance.

BACKGROUND Information on registered adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in hospitals may provide a large real-world data source that can be used to ensure patients' safety. This study aimed to assess the potential contribution of hospital registration of ADRs in electronic health records (EHR) to pharmacovigilance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS An observational retrospective descriptive study using data from the Jeroen Bosch Hospital in the Netherlands in 2019. 'Serious and/or severe' and 'previously unknown' ADRs registered systematically in the corresponding field of EHRs were assessed. RESULTS ADR-data concerning 1010 patients were included. In total, 1630 ADRs were registered in EHRs. Fifty-eight serious and/or severe ADRs (5.2%) were registered. Tubulointerstitial nephritis was the most frequently registered severe ADR and was mainly associated with antibacterials for systemic use. A total of 82 previously unknown ADRs (5%) were registered. 'Migraine' and 'chest pain' were the most frequently registered unknown ADRs. Additionally, 25 ADRs (1.5%) were registered that may be attributable to 10 drugs 'under additional monitoring. ' CONCLUSION Hospital registrations of ADRs in EHRs provide information on ADRs which are challenging to assess during clinical trials. However, improvements are required to optimize this registration before it can serve as a valuable data source for pharmacovigilance purposes.
Health impact and cost effectiveness of implementing gender-neutral HPV vaccination in Japan

Abstract Objective To assess the public health impact and cost effectiveness of gender-neutral vaccination (GNV) versus female-only vaccination (FOV) with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Japan. Methods We modeled the public health impact and cost effectiveness of GNV versus FOV to prevent HPV-associated diseases in Japan over the next 100 years. We used one-way sensitivity analyses to examine the impact of varying key model input parameters and conducted scenario analyses to explore the effects of varying the vaccination coverage rate (VCR) of each cohort. Results In the base-case analysis, GNV averted additional cancer cases (17,228 female/6,033 male) and deaths (1,892 female/1,849 male) compared to FOV. When all HPV-associated diseases were considered, GNV had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of ¥4,732,320 (US$35,987)/quality-adjusted life year gained compared to FOV. The model was most sensitive to the discount rate and the disutility associated with HPV-related diseases. GNV had greater relative public health benefits when the female VCR was lower and was cost effective at a female VCR of 30%. Conclusions Immediate implementation of GNV would reduce the disease burden and mortality associated with HPV in Japan, and would be cost effective compared to FOV if the female VCR remains low (30%). PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection and, in Japan, the prevalence of HPV infection and the incidence of its associated diseases are high among both men and women. In the present manuscript we modeled the public health impact and cost effectiveness of gender-neutral vaccination versus female-only vaccination to prevent HPV-associated diseases in Japan over the next 100 years and found that immediate implementation of a gender-neutral vaccination strategy would reduce the burden and mortality associated with HPV in Japan.
Lateral spatial biases in naturalistic and simulated driving: Does pseudoneglect influence performance?

ABSTRACT Whereas a rightward bump is more likely than a leftward bump when walking through a doorway, investigations into potential similar asymmetries for drivers are limited. The research presented here aims to determine the influence of innate lateral spatial biases when driving. Data from the Strategic Highway Research Program Naturalistic Driving Study (SHRP 2 NDS) and a driving simulation were used to address our research questions. Data points from SHRP 2 were aggregated within relevant variables (e.g., left/right obstacles). In the simulation, participants drove in ways that were consistent with their everyday driving in urban and rural environments. Collision frequency, collision severity and average lateral lane position were analyzed with rightward biases throughout both analyzes. SHRP 2 data indicated greater likelihoods of collisions when vehicles crossed the right line/edge of the road and when making a right turn. There were more collisions with obstacles on the right side, which were also more severe, and greater rightward lane deviations in the driving simulation, contrasted with more severe collisions on the left side in SHRP 2 data, possibly because of the presence of traffic. These findings suggest that previously observed rightward biases in distant space when walking are also present when driving.
Knowledge, acceptance, motivators and barriers of booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination among dental patients: A cross-sectional study

Given the lingering threat of COVID infection, questions are being raised if coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine needs annual or regular boosters to maintain high levels of immunity against both the original virus and variants. This study was designed to evaluate the knowledge, acceptance, motivators and barriers of the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine among the dental patients of District Lucknow, India. A total of 297 respondents were selected by a convenience sampling method in this cross-sectional study from various dental clinics. An anonymous, self-administered, closed-ended questionnaire was used. Overall 37.7% respondents reported to have taken all 3 doses and 57.9% had taken single/double doses. Correct information about booster doses shows a significant association with the number of doses taken. The majority had information about the availability of the Pfizer booster vaccine (69.0%). About 58% of participants had information about the technology used in booster doses. The hesitancy for booster doses and the development of natural immunity by infection show significant associations with the number of doses taken. Only 18.2% patients had hesitation about the booster dose and most of them 78.8% recommended others to take the booster vaccine as soon as possible. The majority assumed that previous COVID-19 vaccines can help them get immune (21.5%) followed by not much research has been done on the booster vaccines (15.5%) and their chronic diseases warn them against the booster dose administration (12.5%). Nearly 18.2% of respondents had hesitation about booster dose and less than one third of the respondents trusted a government source for information about booster dose of COVID vaccine. Nearly 36 % did not know that the booster dose of COVID vaccine is available at health centers. Dental health professionals and policymakers should implement and support strategies to ensure people are vaccinated for COVID-19 booster doses.
Edge-Guided Contrastive Adaptation Network for Arteriovenous Nicking Classification Using Synthetic Data

Retinal arteriovenous nicking (AVN) manifests as a reduced venular caliber of an arteriovenous crossing. AVNs are signs of many systemic, particularly cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that people with AVN are twice as likely to have a stroke. However, AVN classification faces two challenges. One is the lack of data, especially AVNs compared to the normal arteriovenous (AV) crossings. The other is the significant intra-class variations and minute inter-class differences. AVNs may look different in shape, scale, pose, and color. On the other hand, the AVN could be different from the normal AV crossing only by slight thinning of the vein. To address these challenges, first, we develop a data synthesis method to generate AV crossings, including normal and AVNs. Second, to mitigate the domain shift between the synthetic and real data, an edge-guided unsupervised domain adaptation network is designed to guide the transfer of domain invariant information. Third, a semantic contrastive learning branch (SCLB) is introduced and a set of semantically related images, as a semantic triplet, are input to the network simultaneously to guide the network to focus on the subtle differences in venular width and to ignore the differences in appearance. These strategies effectively mitigate the lack of data, domain shift between synthetic and real data, and significant intra- but minute inter-class differences. Extensive experiments have been performed to demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed method.