Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thiamine Supplementation Improves Survival and Body Condition of Hatchery-Reared Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Oregon

Simple Summary Steelhead fry reared in hatcheries in Oregon have a high mortality rate while exhibiting some signs of a vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. This study investigates if thiamine supplementation could improve the health and survival of the fry. To do this, adult, female steelhead were injected with thiamine three weeks before spawning; some of the eggs were alternatively treated with a thiamine bath at the time of spawn, and some were treated both ways. The survival and growth efficiency of the thiamine-treated fry were significantly improved compared to fry that were not supplemented with any thiamine. Fry that came from females that were injected with thiamine had greater growth and survival rates than eggs that received thiamine as a bath only; however, any thiamine supplementation improved survival compared to no thiamine supplementation. This is the first description of thiamine deficiency in Oregon’s steelhead. Abstract Early rearing of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Oregon hatcheries is often problematic; fry can become emaciated and die during the period between hatch and first feed. Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency has caused early mortality in salmonids; however, the thiamine status of Oregon’s steelhead populations is unknown, to date. Of the 26 egg samples from three Oregon hatcheries in 2019, 20 (77%) had thiamine levels < 10 nmol/g, and 13 of those samples (50%) had levels <6.5 nmol/g, suggesting the thiamine deficiency of adult, female steelhead. To investigate if thiamine deficiency was causally related to fry survival, females were injected with buffered thiamine HCl 50 mg/kg prior to spawning; additionally, a subset of eggs were supplemented via bath treatment with thiamine mononitrate (1000 ppm) at spawning. Cumulative fry mortality at 8 weeks post-hatch from thiamine-injected females was 2.9% compared to 13.8% mortality of fry without thiamine supplementation. Fry treated only with the thiamine via bath as eggs had a mortality rate of 6.9%. There were no additional improvements for the survival of fry from injected females that also received a thiamine bath. Furthermore, condition factors were greater in thiamine-supplemented fry than in those that received no thiamine. These data identify thiamine deficiency in Oregon steelhead and suggest supplementation with thiamine can mitigate early rearing mortality.
Experiences of adults with stroke attending a peer-led peer-support group

Abstract Purpose: Peer-support groups for stroke survivors are often organized and facilitated by health authorities and disability related organizations within rehabilitation programs. However, the benefits of peer-led, peer-support groups have not yet been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to explore participants’ experiences in a community-based, peer-led, peer-support group for stroke survivors. Materials and Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed following constructivist grounded theory with 11 participants who attended a peer-led, peer-support group for people with stroke. The data were also complemented with one quantitative rating question regarding their experience attending the group. Results: Three themes were identified. Meeting unmet needs after stroke captured how the group was created by stroke survivors to address life in the community post-stroke. Buddies helping buddies highlighted that stroke recovery is a shared process at the group, where members help and encourage each other to contribute what they can. Creating authentic friendships revealed how people experienced social connection and developed relationships in the peer-led, peer-support group. Conclusions: Peer-led, peer-support groups may provide opportunities for stroke survivors to connect with like-minded people in their community to have fun while exploring their abilities.
Negative Life Events and Procrastination among Adolescents: The Roles of Negative Emotions and Rumination, as Well as the Potential Gender Differences

Procrastination (the intentional delay of action despite knowing that one will be worse off due to the delay) is a widespread phenomenon with various negative consequences, especially among adolescents. Based on relevant evidence, this study examined the relation between negative life events and adolescents’ procrastination, as well as the underlying mechanisms—specifically, the effects of negative emotions and rumination, as well as the potential gender differences. A total of 780 adolescents (Mage = 12.92 years old; 52.2% females) were recruited to complete a set of questionnaires assessing negative life events, procrastination, depression-anxiety-stress symptoms and rumination. Results showed that negative life events were positively associated with procrastination, and negative emotions significantly mediated the relation; rumination played a moderating role in this mediation model, specifically, both the direct and indirect effects in this mediation model were stronger for adolescents with higher rumination. Besides this, gender differences in this moderated mediation model were also found—the indirect effect of negative emotions was stronger for girls, and this mediating effect could be moderated by rumination only for boys. These results expanded our understanding of how negative life events influence procrastination and when (or for whom) negative life events influence procrastination the most. The findings also have significant implications for the prevention and intervention of adolescents’ procrastination.
Mars Global Surveyor: Aerobraking Mission Overview

The Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft was launched on Nov. 6, 1996, and was captured into a highly elliptical, 45-h orbit aroundMars with a 973 m/s propulsive maneuver on Sept. 12, 1997. A four-month aerobraking phase was supposed to remove another 1200 m/s to circularize the orbit. Unfortunately, one of the two solar wings was damaged during deployment just after launch when the deployment damper failed. What has happened so far to achieve the original mission objectives is described, and the plans for the future of the Mars Global Surveyor Spacecraft are discussed.
Some remarks on Lie bialgebra structures on simple complex Lie algebras

Let g be a complex simple Lie algebra with root system ▵. We prove that any classical double D (g) is graded by ▵. As a consequence of this fact we obtain that D (g)≅g⊗A, where A is a unital com-muative associative algebra of dimension 2. Therefore we have two possibilities for A nilpotent and semisimple. The first case leads to solutions of CYBE and the second case leads to solutions of mCYBE. We obtain an explicit description of Lie bialgebra structures on g in both cases.
ON HAAR'S THEOREM CONCERNING CHEBYCHEV APPROXIMATION PROBLEMS HAVING UNIQUE SOLUTIONS'

XEM v=1 XEM v=1 for every set of real numbers (a1, * * *, an). The existence of such best approximations is well known, and can readily be established by means of familiar continuity and compactness arguments. In his paper, Haar investigated the question of the unicity of the solution, and obtained the following. THEOREM 1. A necessary and sufficient condition that a unique solution (ai*, * * *, a *) exist for every given f(x) real and continuous on M
Inverse Algorithm for Increasing The Resolution of Pulsed Lidars

The resolution of the pulsed lidars is usually accepted to be equal to the pulse duration. In this work an inverse algorithm to improve the lidar resolution is analysed, when the sampling intervals of A/D converters are shorter than the laser pulse. The theorethical analysis, supported by computer simulations show the retrieving of the lidar profile by increased resolution. The effect of additional noises on the algorithm performance is given. The method may be used to increase the resolution of the lidar return in lidars of long emitted pulses. Similar problems have been investigated in [1,2] by introducing a correction function for the lidar equation.
Charles Darwin's meteorological observations aboard the H.M.S. Beagle

Charles Darwin, as a trained naturalist and observer, recorded many intriguing meteorological phenomena during the voyage of the H.M.S. Beagle around the world from 1831 to 1836. Unfortunately, the scientific community has, in general, neglected these observations. In particular, Darwin logged interesting notes on lightning suppression and damage, on the aerial transport of dust, and on rainfall and drought periodicities across South America. The latter observations, addressing simultaneous drought occurrence in diverse parts of the world, may be among the first scientific speculations on climate variability and regional teleconnectivity associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Credit for the first scientific observations of the ENSO phenomenon is usually given to researchers in the late nineteenth century.
Biomimetic nanotherapeutics for targeted drug delivery to glioblastoma multiforme

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality, with no curative treatment to date as limited trafficking across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) combined with tumor heterogeneity often leads to therapeutic failure. Although modern medicine poses a wide range of drugs that are otherwise efficacious in treating other tumors, they often do not achieve therapeutic concentrations in the brain, hence driving the need for more effective drug delivery strategies. Nanotechnology, an interdisciplinary field, has been gaining immense popularity in recent years for remarkable advancements such as nanoparticle (NP) drug carriers, which possess extraordinary versatility in modifying surface coatings to home in on target cells, including those beyond the BBB. In this review, we will be highlighting recent developments in biomimetic NPs in GBM therapy and how these allowed us to overcome the physiological and anatomical challenges that have long plagued GBM treatment.
Input Admittance of Infinitely Long Dipole Antennas Driven from Coaxial Lines

For an infinitely long dipole antenna driven from a coaxial line, the reflection coefficient and hence the apparent terminal admittance are determined approximately when the radii of the coaxial line are small compared with the wavelength. This result is useful because the differences of admittances for antennas with identical geometries near the driving point are less sensitive to the driving condition and hence can be found approximately by many existing theories.
HOMOTOPY CONTINUATION METHODS FOR STOCHASTIC TWO-POINT BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS DRIVEN BY ADDITIVE NOISES *

In this paper the homotopy continuation method for stochastic two-point boundary value problems driven by additive noises is studied. The existence of the solution of the homotopy equation is proved. Numerical schemes are constructed and error estimates are obtained. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the homotopy continuation method over other commonly used methods such as the shooting method.
Using an integrated model of the theory of planned behavior and the temporal self-regulation theory to explain physical activity in patients with coronary heart disease

Background This study aimed to explore the psychosocial determinants of the physical activity (PA) levels in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) using an integrated theoretical model based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the temporal self-regulation theory (TST). Method This was a prospective study conducted at the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang, China. A total of 279 patients with CHD [176 men aged 26–89 years, mean (M) = 64.69, standard deviation (SD) = 13.17] were selected under the study inclusion criteria by convenience sampling. The data on attitude, subjective norm (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intention variables for the TPB model and consideration of future consequences (CFC), habit, and self-control (SC) variables for the TST model were collected 1–2 days before the discharge (Time 1, T1) of the participants, and a telephone follow-up was made to assess the participants' self-reported PA levels 1 week after their discharge (Time 2, T2). Results The results revealed that only 39.8% of the patients with CHD met the guidelines' recommendations on PA. The data analyses using structural equation modeling (SEM) in the Mplus 8.3 modeling program showed that, in the simple mediation model, attitude, PBC, and CFC were positively related to the intention to practice guideline-recommended levels of PA but SN was not. In addition, intention was shown to mediate the relationships between attitude, PBC, CFC, and PA levels. Furthermore, based on the moderated mediating model, intention and habit were shown to be positively associated with PA levels but SC was not. Moreover, SC played a significant moderating role between intention and PA levels. However, habit strength did not moderate the relationship between intention and PA levels. Conclusion An integration of the TPB and TST models offers a good theoretical tool for understanding PA levels in patients with CHD.
Phase coupling gravity and astronomical mass discrepancies

Une nouvelle theorie de la gravite avait ete proposee par Bekenstein (1987) dans laquelle une force a longue distance est associee avec un champ scalaire complexe dont seule la phase est couplee a la matiere (gravite a couplage de phase). La gravite a couplage de phase est consideree avec des formes alternatives du potentiel d'autointeraction. Ces versions alternatives predisent un desaccord de masse maximum calcule de maniere conventionnelle dans tout systeme et un retour a la loi de Newton sur de grandes echelles. La forme la plus naturelle du terme d'autointeraction est similaire au potentiel de Coleman-Weinberg decrivant une symetrie de gauge spontanement brisee. Dans cette version, la theorie contient un terme cosmologique qui domine la densite d'energie actuelle de l'Univers
Impact of Stochastic Convection on the Ensemble Transform

Abstract The impact of stochastic convection on ensembles produced using the ensemble transform (ET) initial perturbation scheme is examined. This note compares the behavior of ensemble forecasts based only on initial ET perturbations with the behavior of ensemble forecasts based on the ET initial perturbations and forecasts that include stochastic convection. It is illustrated that despite the fact that stochastic convection occurs only after the forecast integrations have started, it induces changes in the initial perturbations as well. This is because the ET is a “cycling” scheme, in which previous short-term forecasts are used to produce the initial perturbations for the current forecast. The stochastic convection scheme induces rapid perturbation growth in regions where convection is active, primarily in the tropics. When combined with the ET scheme, this results in larger initial perturbation variance in the tropics, and, because of a global constraint on total initial perturbation variance, smaller.
Impacts of Updraft Size and Dimensionality on the Perturbation Pressure and Vertical Velocity in Cumulus Convection. Part II: Comparison of Theoretical and Numerical Solutions and Fully Dynamical Simulations

AbstractThis paper compares simple theoretical expressions relating vertical velocity, perturbation pressure, updraft size, and dimensionality for cumulus convection, derived in Part I, with numerical solutions of the anelastic buoyant perturbation pressure Poisson equation and vertical velocity w. A range of thermal buoyancy profiles representing shallow to deep moist convection are tested for both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) updrafts. The theoretical expressions give similar results for w and perturbation pressure difference from updraft top to base Δp compared to the numerical solutions over a wide range of updraft radius R. The theoretical expressions are also consistent with 2D and 3D fully dynamical updraft simulations initiated by warm bubbles of varying width.Implications for nonhydrostatic modeling in the “gray zone,” with a horizontal grid spacing Δx of O(1–10) km where convection is generally underresolved, are discussed. The theoretical and numerical solutions give a scalin.
Association Between Self-Reported Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Chronic Diseases Among Emiratis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the UAE Healthy Future Study

Purpose This study aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among Emiratis and examine bi-directional associations of PCOS with self-reported chronic diseases, namely: diabetes, asthma, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed using the UAE Healthy Future Study (UAEHFS) data collected from February 2016 to April 2022 involving 1040 Emirati women aged 25–67 years from recruitment centers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The bi-directional associations between self-reported PCOS and self-reported chronic diseases were evaluated by establishing temporality based on reported age-at-diagnoses. Firstly, the associations between PCOS (diagnosed at ≥25 years) and chronic diseases (diagnosed at <25 years) were examined, followed by PCOS (diagnosed at <25 years) and chronic diseases (diagnosed at ≥25 years). Finally, a Poisson regression under unadjusted and age-and-body mass index (BMI) adjusted models was performed to obtain the risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The prevalence of PCOS in this study was 25.9%. Those with asthma and high cholesterol diagnosed at <25 years had increased risks of PCOS diagnosed at ≥25 years (RR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.17–2.76 for asthma; and RR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.01–2.59 for high cholesterol), compared to those respective healthier counterparts, after adjusting for age and BMI. No significant association was observed between PCOS diagnosed at <25 years and respective chronic diseases diagnosed at ≥25 years. Conclusion PCOS prevalence among Emirati women was high. Asthma and high cholesterol in earlier life were associated with PCOS in later life. Understanding how chronic disease conditions and PCOS are associated in bi-directional ways may improve the surveillance of chronic disease conditions among women with PCOS and may also contribute to more targeted PCOS prevention strategies.
On internal wave–shear flow resonance in shallow water

The work is concerned with long nonlinear internal waves interacting with a shear flow localized near the sea surface. The study is focused on the most intense resonant interaction occurring when the phase velocity of internal waves matches the flow velocity at the surface. The perturbations of the shear flow are considered as ‘vorticity waves’, which enables us to treat the wave–flow resonance as the resonant wave–wave interaction between an internal gravity mode and the vorticity mode. Within the weakly nonlinear long-wave approximation a system of evolution equations governing the nonlinear dynamics of the waves in resonance is derived and an asymptotic solution to the basic equations is constructed. At resonance the nonlinearity of the internal wave dynamics is due to the interaction with the vorticity mode, while the wave's own nonlinearity proves to be negligible. The equations derived are found to possess solitary wave solutions of different polarities propagating slightly faster or slower than the surface velocity of the shear flow. The amplitudes of the ‘fast’ solitary waves are limited from above; the crest of the limiting wave forms a sharp corner. The solitary waves of amplitude smaller than a certain threshold are shown to be stable; ‘subcritical’ localized pulses tend to such solutions. The localized pulses of amplitude exceeding this threshold form infinite slopes in finite time, which indicates wave breaking.
A resource-based analysis of strategic alliances between knowledge intermediaries in regional innovation support systems

Notwithstanding a recent upsurge in interest in knowledge intermediaries and their roles in innovation support systems, we know little about the interplay between the activities of academia-driven intermediaries and their publicly financed counterparts. Building on a combination of principles derived from the resource-based theory and entrepreneurial ecosystems literature, this paper investigates the potentials of cooperation between different knowledge intermediaries. Therefore, the authors analyze the alignment of financial, knowledge, market and network resources in politically funded regional alliances between university-internal and university-external intermediaries by means of a qualitative approach. They find that, while knowledge intermediaries can benefit from access to additional ecosystem-specific resources, the urge to improve their own position within the ecosystem hampers the will to cooperate and can lead to non-performing resource alignments. The paper contributes to current scholarly discussions by suggesting and testing a theoretical foundation for analyzing the cooperative behavior of knowledge intermediaries in innovation support systems.
Autoregressive-aided periodogram bootstrap for time series

A bootstrap methodology for the periodogram of a stationary process is proposed which is based on a combination of a time domain parametric and a frequency domain nonparametric bootstrap. The parametric fit is used to generate periodogram ordinates that imitate the essential features of the data and the weak dependence structure of the periodogram while a nonparametric (kernel-based) correction is applied in order to catch features not represented by the parametric fit. The asymptotic theory developed shows validity of the proposed bootstrap procedure for a large class of periodogram statistics. For important classes of stochastic processes, validity of the new procedure is also established for periodogram statistics not captured by existing frequency domain bootstrap methods based on independent periodogram replicates.
Evidence for ion jets in the high‐speed solar wind

Shapes of proton and alpha particle velocity distribution functions in the high-speed solar wind are examined for the time period from 1973 to 1987. Whereas enhanced high-energy extensions are a near universal feature of the proton distributions, no such enhancements are observed in alpha particle distributions. Such distributions are examined and documented in detail. An interpretation of this observation is presented in terms of a two-component model of coronal heating and acceleration. We suggest that a modest amount of heating results from the damping of waves, whereas additional heating and the bulk of the acceleration is associated with the direct conversion of magnetic energy flux to plasma convection and enthalpy flux through the process of magnetic reconnection. This model predicts that the ambient flow of plasma from coronal holes is characterized by a low-speed and a low-mass flux. In particular, the proton flux is insufficient to drag alpha particles out of the solar gravitational potential well. This should lead to a considerable enhancement of the helium abundance close to the Sun. Plasma jets rich in helium and accelerated by reconnection close to the Sun buffet the ambient plasma from below. The slow-moving ambient plasma is coupled to the faster-moving jets by Coulomb friction close to the Sun, and then through microinstabilities far from the Sun. The net effect of this interaction is a high-speed, double-streaming proton population and a single component, but faster alpha particle flow at large heliocentric distances.