Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutrient Metabolism — Research Communication Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Increases Hydrolysis of B-6 Vitamers in Swine Adrenal Glands 1

Shipping stress is an economic problem because of its effect on meat quality. Because shipping increases plasma cortisol and pyridoxal 5*-phosphate interacts with steroid hormones, we examined the interaction between adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and vitamin B-6 metabolism in pigs. Six crossbred pigs with ear vein catheters received 50 IU of porcine ACTH intravenously at 3-h intervals from 0800 to 2100 h on d 1–3 and 100 IU intramuscularly at 0800, 1400 and 2000 h on d 6 and 7. Controls received saline. ACTH had no effect on pyridoxal 5*-phosphate in adrenal tissue but decreased pyridoxamine 5*-phosphate from 6.1 6 0.7 to 4.7 6 1.0 nmol/g (P < 0.05). Adrenal pyridoxal and pyridoxamine concentrations were 0.4 6 0.1 nmol/g in controls and 1.1 6 0.3 and 1.3 6 0.5 nmol/g, respectively, in ACTH-treated pigs (P < 0.01). Pyridoxal 5*-phosphate phosphatase activity [median (25–75 percentile value)] at pH 7.4 in adrenal tissue was 66.6 (47.8 –75.5) nmol/ (g z min) in the controls and 764 (626 –771) in the ACTHtreated pigs (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in pyridoxal kinase activity. However, kinase activity in the adrenals was about twice as high as in other tissues. These data suggest an active turnover of vitamin B-6 in adrenal tissue. J. Nutr. 129: 1905–1908, 1999.
Statistical inference for geometric process with the Rayleigh distribution

The aim of this study is to investigate the solution of the statistical inference problem for the geometric process (GP) when the distribution of first occurrence time is assumed to be Rayleigh. Maximum likelihood (ML) estimators for the parameters of GP, where a and λ are the ratio parameter of GP and scale parameter of Rayleigh distribution, respectively, are obtained. In addition, we derive some important asymptotic properties of these estimators such as normality and consistency. Then we run some simulation studies by different parameter values to compare the estimation performances of the obtained ML estimators with the non-parametric modified moment (MM) estimators. The results of the simulation studies show that the obtained estimators are more efficient than the MM estimators.
Malaysian Undergraduates’ Behavioural Intention to Use LMS for Online English Learning: An Extended Self-Directed Learning Technology Acceptance Model (SDLTAM)

The usage of Learning Management System (LMS) conducted in Blended Learning style is believed to increase students’ academic performance and their self-directed learning. Nonetheless, the success of students’ behavioural intention to use these e-learning platforms still remains unclear due to factors like self-directed learning, computer self-efficacy, satisfaction and perceived enjoyment and ESL. This preliminary study aims to incorporate factors that impact students’ self-directed learning of English language in achieving behavioural intention to use LMS with an extended model namely, SDLTAM, generalised for the Malaysian educational institutions. The original Technology Acceptance Model 1 by Davis (1989) was used as a theoretical framework of this study. However, the last variable Actual Use was excluded in this study. A sample of 338 respondents from both private and public universities in Malaysia took part in the 48-items survey. The data were analysed through Structural Equation Modelling through SPSS AMOS 24. The SEM AMOS revealed that the factors were found to moderately fit into the proposed model. This could be misspecification within the model and some items within a factor were more correlated to each other than others.
Confidence in Contact: A New Perspective on Promoting Cross-Group Friendship Among Children and Adolescents

Intergroup contact theory (Allport, 1954) proposes that positive interactions between members of different social groups can improve intergroup relations. Contact should be especially effective in schools, where opportunities may exist to engage cooperatively with peers from different backgrounds and develop cross-group friendships. In turn, these friendships have numerous benefits for intergroup relations. However, there is evidence that children do not always engage in cross-group friendships, often choosing to spend time with same-group peers, even in diverse settings. We argue that in order to capitalise on the potential impact of contact in schools for promoting harmonious intergroup relations, a new model is needed that places confidence in contact at its heart. We present an empirically-driven theoretical model of intergroup contact that outlines the conditions that help to make young people ‘contact ready’, preparing them for successful, sustained intergroup relationships by giving them the confidence that they can engage in contact successfully. After evaluating the traditional approach to intergroup contact in schools, we present our theoretical model which outlines predictors of cross-group friendships that enhance confidence in and readiness for contact. We then discuss theory-driven, empirically tested interventions that could potentially promote confidence in contact. Finally, we make specific recommendations for practitioners and policy makers striving to promote harmonious intergroup relations in the classroom.
Evaluation of Hepcidin Level and Clinico-Pathological Modifications in Canine Parvovirus Enteritis

Canine parvovirus enteritis (CPV) is one of foremost reasons of vomiting and diarrhea in puppies with consequential alterations in homeostasis; anemia is one of these major changes. This investigation aimed to study alterations in Hepcidin and clinic-pathologic parameters in CPV infected puppies. This investigation carried out thirteen puppies with CPV enteritis and five clinically healthy puppies were enrolled as control with total number of 18 puppies. Upon admission, clinical signs were recorded and rapid in-clinic IC test kit for detection of CPV Ag in feces. Blood samples were used to determine hematologic and biochemical alterations along with hepcidin level. Vomiting and diarrhea were the main recorded clinical signs. Significant reduction in erythrogram and leucogram were recorded in CPV infected puppies. A reduction in Total Protein and albumin accompanied with elevation in triglycerides and Blood Urea Nitrogen were recorded. Significant elevation in serum hepcidin values in CPV enteritis when compared to control data was recorded. Depending on obtained results, CPV enteritis is associated with elevation in hepcidin level, anemia, reduction in leucocytes and elevation in triglycerides.
ROSA/LSTF Experiment on Accident Management Measures during a PWR Station Blackout Transient with Pump Seal Leakage and RELAP5 Analyses

An experiment was conducted on Accident Management (AM) measures during a station blackout transient with the TMLB’ scenario and leakage from primary coolant pump seals at a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) using the Rig of Safety Assessment/Large Scale Test Facility (ROSA/LSTF) at Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The pump seal leakage was simulated by a 0.1% cold leg break. The AM measures considered in this study are Steam Generator (SG) secondary-side depressurization by fully opening Safety Valves (SVs) in both SGs and primary-side depressurization by fully opening SV in pressurizer with the start of core uncovery as well as coolant injection into the secondary-side of both SGs at low pressures. Moreover, non-condensable gas inflow to the primary system from Accumulator (ACC) tanks was assumed. The LSTF test revealed that a decrease was accelerated in the primary pressure when the SG primary-to-secondary heat removal resumed soon after the coolant injection into the SG secondary-side. The primary depressurization worsened due to the gas accumulation in the SG U-tubes after the completion of ACC coolant injection. Remaining problems in the RELAP5 (reactor excursion and leak analysis program, version 5) code include the predictions of the pressure difference between the primary and SG secondary sides after the gas inflow. The onset timings of the SG secondary and primary depressurization as well as the SG coolant injection flow rate were found to significantly affect the peak cladding temperature through sensitivity analyses, based on the RELAP5 post-test analysis.
Relative humidity dependence of light absorption by mineral dust after long‐range atmospheric transport from the Sahara

The relative humidity (RH) dependence of light absorption for a Saharan dust‐dominated air mass transported to the Gulf of Mexico was measured during the 2006 TexAQS/GoMACCS study using a photo‐acoustic absorption spectrometer (PAS). Aerosol absorption was measured at low (25%) and high (73%) RH indicating a 1.5(±0.3) absorption enhancement [f(RHAbs)] under high RH conditions. f(RHAbs) estimates, based on air‐mass physical and optical properties and Mie theory modeling, were between 1.2–1.4. Reasons for differences between the measured and modeled f(RHAbs) are discussed. The mass absorption coefficient of the long‐range transported dust was calculated to be 0.04(±0.02) m2g−1.
Making sense of the constellations of (im)mobility of Bangladeshi migrants in Greece

Over the last three decades of the 20 th century, Greece was transformed from an emigration into an immigration country and, more recently, into a country combining emigration and immigration. Initially, immigration from the ‘Balkans’ was at the heart of the country’s migration debates. However, since the early 2000s, migration inflows have been highly differentiated, and the numbers have increased for both Asian and African migrants. During the era of austerity, Bangladeshis have followed diverse employment pathways and spatial trajectories. Their so- called ‘constellations of (im)mobility’ cover an array of socio -spatial mobility patterns, ranging from being entrapped in precarious jobs to gaining access to/ striving towards more prestigious occupational positions (self-employed occupations). Drawing on recent empirical research, this paper seeks to explore the multidimensional precarity of Bangladeshi migrants living in Greek urban and rural areas. Given the dynamic interplay between macro- and micro-level processes, it also discusses aspects of agency along with practices and strategies for improving the well-being of Bangladeshi migrants in the host society.
The Influence of Hydrogen on Tension-Compression and Rolling Contact Fatigue Properties of Bearing Steel

**要素技術研究所 **商品開発研究所 新商品開発部 In this report, the fatigue properties of JIS-SUJ2 bearing steel were investigated under various hydrogen pre-charging conditions. The results demonstrated that the fatigue strength substantially decreased by the influence of hydrogen and that the decrease of the fatigue strength was in direct correlation with the diffusible hydrogen content. Additionally, double-roller rolling-sliding contact fatigue tests were conducted to investigate the influence of hydrogen on surface crack initiation life and microstructural change beneath contact surfaces. As a result, surface cracking occurred much earlier as compared to the calculated life. The crack initiation life decreased as the amount of the diffusible hydrogen increased. Unusual microstructural changes were distinctly observed, when a relatively high concentration of the diffusible hydrogen was penetrated. In contrast, a relatively low amount of diffusible hydrogen did not always cause unusual microstructural changes, although only marginal difference was seen in the surface crack initiation life regardless of the diffusible hydrogen content. 本報では,軸受鋼SUJ2の疲労強度に及ぼす水素の影響を超音波疲労試験により評価し, 水素の影響で疲労強度は著しく低下し,低下度合いは拡散性水素量と良い相関があること を明らかにした. また,2円筒転がりすべり疲労試験において,片方の円筒に水素チャー ジした後に転動させ,表面き裂の発生寿命,及び転動後の転走面下の組織変化について調 べた. その結果,拡散性水素量が多くなるほど早期に表面き裂が発生した. 拡散性水素量 が多いと特異な白色組織が現れるが,少ない場合には,計算寿命を大きく下回る時間で表 面き裂が発生するものの,必ずしも組織変化は伴わないことがわかった. 濱 田 洋 志* Hiroshi HAMADA 松 原 幸 生** Yukio MATSUBARA
Influence of Stress on Kinetics and Transformation Plasticity of Ferrite Transformation Based on Hysteresis Effects

Transformation plasticity and kinetics play an essential role in the prediction of residual stresses resulting from transformation. This paper is devoted to the investigation of the influence of stress on the kinetics and transformation plasticity of ferrite for H420LA steel. It has been shown that under small external stresses, lower than the yield stress of the weaker phase, the ferrite transformation is inhibited at the beginning of the transformation in the continuous cooling process and the mechanical stabilization of austenite is observed, due to transformation hysteresis effects. This phenomenon affects the metallurgical and mechanical behaviors of the transformation progress. However, most existing models ignore these effects, leading to deviations in the description of transformation plasticity during the transformation progress. Considering the hysteresis effects, the micromechanical model for kinetics and transformation plasticity is reexamined. A general formulation of austenite decomposition kinetics accounting for these effects is developed to better describe the phase transformation under a continuous cooling process. In addition, the influence of hysteresis effects on the evolution of transformation plasticity is analyzed. Consideration of the hysteresis effects decreases the discrepancy between the calculated and experimental values. This will allow better prediction of residual stresses in the thermomechanically controlled processes.
Bullying, Self-Control, and Adhd

We investigated the influence of low self-control and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on bullying and bully victimization in a sample of 1,315 middle school students using a school survey. Students who reported taking medication for ADHD were at increased risk for bullying as well as victimization by bullies. The correlation between ADHD status and bullying could be explained by low self-control, a construct theorized by Gottfredson and Hirschi to be the most important determinant of criminality. In contrast, the correlation between ADHD status and bullying victimization was independent of self-control. Subsequent analyses found that self-control influenced bullying victimization through interactions with student gender and measures of physical size and strength. These findings identify low self-control and ADHD as potential risk factors for bullying and victimization and have implications for research on self-control in young adolescents.
Encapsulation Efficiency , Microstructur and Oxidation Stability of Fish Oil Encapsulated Powder Made by Using whey Protein Concentrate

Fish oil encapsulated powder was prepared with four ratios (0.6:1, 0.8:1, 1:1 and 1.2:1) of fish oil:whey protein concentrate with addition of 100 ppm in dry matter antioxidant (α-tochopherol) and 25 ppm in dry matter nisin as an antimicrobial agent. The emulsion was homogenized, pasteurized and spray or freeze dried. The produced powder was freshly analyzed for moisture content, encapsulation efficiency and microstructure while degree of oxidation was determined every 15 days in the powder kept at 4°C for 90 days.
School Climate and Self-Efficacy as Predictor of Job Satisfaction İş Doyumunun Yordayıcısı Olarak Okul İklimi ve Öz-Yeterlik

In this research, the direct effect of school climate on teacher job satisfaction and the indirect effect of school climate on job satisfaction through self-efficacy were investigated. International Teaching and Learning Survey-2018 data collected by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development from Turkish teachers were used in the study. The research data were obtained from the responses of the participants to the Teacher SelfEfficacy, Job Satisfaction and School Climate scales in the International Teaching and Learning Research Teacher Questionnaire. Although a total of 15498 teachers working in primary school, lower secondary school and upper secondary school participated in the research, participants with missing data were excluded from the analysis. Within the scope of the research, data obtained from 12111 teachers were used. Following the testing of the constructed model with the structural equation model, the following results were obtained: Teachers’ self-efficacy directly affects job satisfaction. The perceived disciplinary dimension of the school climate directly and negatively affects job satisfaction. The other two dimensions of the school climate, teacher-student relations and the dimensions of participation among stakeholders, affect job satisfaction directly and positively. All dimensions of the school climate indirectly affect job satisfaction through self-efficacy.
Anion vacancies as a source of persistent photoconductivity in II-VI and chalcopyrite semiconductors

Using first-principles electronic structure calculations we identify the anion vacancies in II-VI and chalcopyrite Cu-III-VI2 semiconductors as a class of intrinsic defects that can exhibit metastable behavior. Specifically, we predict persistent electron photoconductivity (n-type PPC) caused by the oxygen vacancy VO in n-ZnO, and persistent hole photoconductivity (p-type PPC) caused by the Se vacancy VSe in p-CuInSe2 and p-CuGaSe2. We find that VSe in the chalcopyrite materials is amphoteric having two "negative-U" like transitions, i.e. a double-donor transition e(2+/0) close to the valence band and a double-acceptor transition e(0/2-) closer to the conduction band. We introduce a classification scheme that distinguishes two types of defects (e.g., donors): type-alpha, which have a defect-localized-state (DLS) in the gap, and type-beta, which have a resonant DLS within the host bands (e.g., conduction band). In the latter case, the introduced carriers (e.g., electrons) relax to the band edge where they can occupy a perturbed-host-state (PHS). Type alpha is non-conducting, whereas type beta is conducting. We identify the neutral anion vacancy as type-alpha and the doubly positively charged vacancy as type-beta. We suggest that illumination changes the charge state of the anion vacancy and leads to a crossover between alpha- and beta-type behavior, resulting in metastability and PPC. In CuInSe2, the metastable behavior of VSe is carried over to the (VSe-VCu) complex, which we identify as the physical origin of PPC observed experimentally. We explain previous puzzling experimental results in ZnO and CuInSe2 in the light of this model.
Effects of Antenatal Exercise on the Quality of Life in Pregnant Women: A Literature Review

*2 宝塚大学助産学専攻科 Graduate Program in Midwifery, Takarazuka University Abstract Background: Antenatal exercise is considered to have both physical and psychological effects and helps prepare pregnant women for labour. This study aims to examine the evidence indicating that antenatal physical exercise improves the quality of life (QOL) in pregnant women. Methods: We conducted a literature review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) using the Patient Intervention Comparison Outcomes (PICO) strategy to construct the following research question: In pregnant women (Patient), do physical antenatal exercises (Intervention) improve the QOL (Outcomes) when compared to routine daily activities, including suitable general physical activity (Comparison)? We searched the Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PubMed for studies published before July 2016. Results: We identified nine RCTs, two of which were included in our meta-analysis. The nine identified studies included 1,376 pregnant women, most of whom were in normal health. Of the nine RCTs, three showed statistically significant improvement in the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Physical Function and General Health subscales. Two RCTs involving 154 women with a body mass index over 25 or 26 kg/m were used for the meta-analysis. Our analysis showed a trend towards the intervention groups having higher scores in the World Health Organisation Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) Psychological and Environmental domains than the control groups. Conclusions: Physical and Psychological domains of the QOL measurements showed statistically significant improvement in antenatal exercise intervention groups using relaxation techniques. However, a previous metaanalysis found no evidence of improvement in four WHOQOL-BREF domains. There were many interventional methods in the nine RCTs included; therefore, the relationship between enhancement of QOL and relaxation techniques is unclear.
Investigating material degradation through the recycling of PLA in additively manufactured parts

The field of additive manufacturing (AM) has been expanding rapidly with the decreasing cost of desktop-scale material extrusion AM systems. As the cost of AM systems decreases, more users are investing in the technology, including universities, which have turned to AM as an option for providing wide-scale access to prototyping technology. However, this type of wide-access printing generates significant waste due to cast-off support material as well as failed prints from inexperienced users. This paper investigates the feasibility of recycling this cast-off material through the relationship between the mechanical properties of recycled PLA and the number of lifecycles it has experienced on a desktop material extrusion machine. A three-stage pelletizing, extrusion, and printing process is used to investigate recycling of PLA material from cast-off build material. Additionally, the research investigates how adding virgin pellets to pellets of the recycled material in various ratios can affect tensile properties.
Pre-print of a published manuscript Nanosecond laser texturing of uniformly and non-uniformly wettable micro structured metal surfaces for enhanced boiling heat transfer

Microstructured uniformly and non-uniformly wettable surfaces were created on 25-m-thin stainless steel foils by laser texturing using a marking nanosecond Nd:YAG laser ( = 1064 nm) and utilizing various laser fluences and scan line separations. High-speed photography and high-speed IR thermography were used to investigate nucleate boiling heat transfer on the microstructured surfaces. The most pronounced results were obtained on a surface with nonuniform microstructure and non-uniform wettability. The obtained results show up to a 110 % higher heat transfer coefficients and 20-40 times higher nucleation site densities compared to the untextured surface. We show that the number of active nucleation sites is significantly increased in the vicinity of microcavities that appeared in areas with the smallest (10 m) scan line separation. Furthermore, this confirms the predictions of nucleation criteria and proves that straightforward, cost-effective nanosecond laser texturing allows the production of cavities with diameters of up to a few micrometers and surfaces with non-uniform wettability. Additionally, this opens up important possibilities for a more deterministic control over the complex boiling process.