Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimal change disease (MCD) following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a young Indian male: A case report

Various vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been developed amidst the ongoing pandemic. Few cases of glomerulonephritis after COVID-19 vaccination have been reported globally. We present a case of nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change disease (MCD) most likely associated with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. A 24-year-old male presented with anasarca and frothy urine after receiving the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. On admission, the patient had normal serum creatinine with 24-h urinary protein excretion of 4.1 g/day and severe hypoalbuminemia. Kidney biopsy revealed nonproliferative glomerular morphology with relatively unremarkable-appearing glomeruli on light microscopy and diffuse effacement of the odocyte foot processes on electron microscopy, consistent with diagnosis of MCD. This case highlights the risk of new-onset nephrotic syndrome due to MCD after COVID-19 vaccination.
Description and outcomes of patients with eclampsia and severe pre-eclampsia in a rural hospital in North-Eastern Bihar: A retrospective study

Background: Hypertension is one of the most common medical disorders complicating pregnancy. In India, high blood pressure contributes to 7.1% of maternal deaths. This study was carried out to describe the characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of patients presenting with eclampsia or pre-eclampsia to a secondary care hospital in rural India. Methods: Patients diagnosed with pre-eclampsia or eclampsia between January 2018 and April 2021 were identified and included in the study. Medical records were searched and general patient characteristics, obstetrical history, information about the antenatal period, mode of delivery and outcomes were documented and analysed. Results: Among the 3651 women who delivered in this hospital during this time period, 2.3% (n = 83) presented with eclampsia and 1.9% (n = 71) with pre-eclampsia. More than 50% of the women delivered by lower segment caesarean section among both the eclamptics and pre-eclamptics. The stillbirth rate among those with either pre-eclampsia or eclampsia was 1 per 1000. The number of low birth weight babies born to those presenting with eclampsia (66.7%) was significantly more than those presenting with pre-eclampsia (48.6%). Eclampsia/pre-eclampsia accounted for 21% of all maternal deaths with a case fatality rate of 2.6%. Conclusions: This study identified that in this setting the patients presenting with eclampsia were much higher than those presenting with pre-eclampsia which is in stark contrast to the status even in developing countries. This could be an important finding indicating poorer health-seeking behaviour among the population and will need more studies on various interventions to change this status.
Study of platelet indices and their role in evaluation of thrombocytopenia

Background: Thrombocytopenia may result from mechanisms such as marrow hypoplasia, increased destruction of platelets, and splenic sequestration. The gold standard method for discriminating the causes of thrombocytopenia is bone marrow examination, but it is invasive and expensive. Therefore, an alternative method should be introduced as a first-line diagnostic procedure. Of late, the automated blood cell analyzer has made it possible to assess the cause of thrombocytopenia through various machine-derived parameters, known as platelet indices, which include the mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT), which are provided as a part of routine complete blood count. Objectives: The objectives of the present study are to study the variation and effectiveness of platelet indices in establishing the etiology of thrombocytopenia. Method: An observational, prospective, and comparative study was conducted on 134 patients with thrombocytopenia, and 67 cases were taken as the normal group. The study group was classified into two groups: hypo-productive and hyper-destructive. Platelet indices were recorded and compared in the two groups along with the normal group. Results: The mean platelet count (10^3 μL) in the normal, hypo-productive, and hyper-destructive groups was 232.03 ± 74.84, 73.00 ± 36.52, and 68.28 ± 38.24, respectively. The MPV and mean PCT in the normal, hypo-productive, and hyper-destructive groups were 9.46 ± 1.68fL, 8.99 ± 1.49fL, and 11.35 ± 1.35fL and 0.22 ± 0.06%, 0.07 ± 0.04%, and 0.08 ± 0.05%, respectively. The mean PDW in the normal, hypo-productive, and hyper-destructive groups was 15.66 ± 1.76fL, 17.63 ± 1.01fL, and 18.32 ± 1.10fL, respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, platelet indices such as MPV, PCT, and PDW are higher in the hyper-destructive group and may discriminate hyper-destructive from hypo-productive causes of thrombocytopenia.
Acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI)-based screening for breast health in urban slums of central Karnataka, India – SWOC analysis

Background: Artificial intelligence-based imaging is a low-cost, radiation-free solution for the breast imaging process that uses infrared radiation emitted by the body. This is a novel procedure that, when feasible, could be a better solution, particularly in underprivileged communities having low access to breast health care. Aims: To assess the acceptance and explore challenges for an artificial intelligence-based screening solution for breast health among the urban slum population. Settings and Design: A mixed-method study was conducted in urban slums of central Karnataka, India. Material and Methods: The study was carried out for a period of two years in 2019–21 among women in the reproductive age group in urban slums of central Karnataka to understand the acceptance of an artificial intelligence-based imaging solution for screening breast health. In-depth interviews were conducted to identify the strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges (SWOC) screening for breast health. Statistical Analysis Used: Quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v16.0, and for qualitative data, manual descriptive content analysis was carried out, and the sub-themes were generated. Results: A total of 768 women accessed the thermalytix ® breast imaging services, the majority of them in the age group 31–40 years (35%), belonging to the Muslim religion (68.5%) with a mean monthly family income of Rs. 11,950.67/-. SWOC analysis identified reduced cost for the screening services and involvement of female self-help groups (SHGs) as strengths. Weaknesses included poor breast health awareness among women and the stigma associated with breast cancer. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence-based screening is a feasible solution for breast health in low-income, low health access areas like urban slums. Engagement of the local community and active involvement of the health system is of paramount importance for the sustainability of any novel strategy.
Analysis of daily COVID-19 death bulletin data during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India

Context: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality trends can help discern the pattern of outbreak evolution and systemic responses. Aim: This study aimed to explore patterns of COVID-19 deaths in Thiruvananthapuram district from 31 March 2020 to 31 December 2021. Setting and Design: Secondary data analysis of COVID-19 deaths in Thiruvananthapuram district was performed. Materials and Methods: Mortality data were obtained from the district COVID-19 control room, and deaths in the first and second waves of COVID-19 were compared. Statistical Analysis: We summarised data as proportions and medians with the inter-quartile range (IQR) and performed Chi-square tests to make comparisons wherever applicable. Results: As on 31 December 2021, 4587 COVID-19 deaths were reported in Thiruvananthapuram district, with a case fatality rate of 0.91%. We observed high mortality among older persons (66.7%) and men (56.6%). The leading cause of death was bronchopneumonia (60.6%). The majority (88.5%) had co-morbidities, commonly diabetes mellitus (54.9%). The median interval from diagnosis to hospitalisation was 4 days (IQR 2–7), and that from hospitalisation to death was 2 days (IQR 0–6). The deaths reported during the second wave were four times higher than those of the first wave with a higher proportion of deaths in the absence of co-morbidities (p < 0.001). The majority of the deceased were unvaccinated. Ecological analysis with vaccine coverage data indicated 5.4 times higher mortality among unvaccinated than those who received two vaccine doses. Conclusions: The presence of co-morbidities, an unvaccinated status, and delay in hospitalisation were important reasons for COVID-19 deaths. Primary level health providers can potentially help sustaining vaccination, expeditious referral, and monitoring of COVID-19 patients.
ABP-Finder: A Tool to Identify Antibacterial Peptides and the Gram-Staining Type of Targeted Bacteria

Multi-drug resistance in bacteria is a major health problem worldwide. To overcome this issue, new approaches allowing for the identification and development of antibacterial agents are urgently needed. Peptides, due to their binding specificity and low expected side effects, are promising candidates for a new generation of antibiotics. For over two decades, a large diversity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has been discovered and annotated in public databases. The AMP family encompasses nearly 20 biological functions, thus representing a potentially valuable resource for data mining analyses. Nonetheless, despite the availability of machine learning-based approaches focused on AMPs, these tools lack evidence of successful application for AMPs’ discovery, and many are not designed to predict a specific function for putative AMPs, such as antibacterial activity. Consequently, among the apparent variety of data mining methods to screen peptide sequences for antibacterial activity, only few tools can deal with such task consistently, although with limited precision and generally no information about the possible targets. Here, we addressed this gap by introducing a tool specifically designed to identify antibacterial peptides (ABPs) with an estimation of which type of bacteria is susceptible to the action of these peptides, according to their response to the Gram-staining assay. Our tool is freely available via a web server named ABP-Finder. This new method ranks within the top state-of-the-art ABP predictors, particularly in terms of precision. Importantly, we showed the successful application of ABP-Finder for the screening of a large peptide library from the human urine peptidome and the identification of an antibacterial peptide.
The Asymptotic Binary Goldbach and Lemoine Conjectures

In this paper we use the former of the authors developed theory of \textbf{circles of partition} to investigate possibilities to prove the binary Goldbach as well as the Lemoine conjecture. We state the \textit{squeeze principle} and its consequences if the set of all odd prime numbers is the base set. With this tool we can prove asymptotic versions of the binary Goldbach as well as the Lemoine conjecture.
Phylogenetic Relationships of Pilosocereus (Cactaceae) and Taxonomic Implications

The aim of this paper was to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within Pilosocereus (Cactaceae, Cactoideae), one of the most emblematic genera of cacti of the Neotropical dry woodlands. The genus includes 42 species and eight subspecies placed in two subgenera: Pilosocereus subg. Pilosocereus and Pilosocereus subg. Gounellea . We used an expanded sampling and a broad coverage of genomic regions ( psb D -trn T, trn L -trn T, pet L -psb E, trn S trn G, ycf 1 and Phy C) resulting in an aligned concatenated matrix of 4563 bp length. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses recovered a non-monophyletic Pilosocereus as well as four consistently non-monophyletic species. We propose taxonomic changes to accommodate para- or polyphyletic taxa including the resurrection of three species, three new synonyms, two new names and a new circumscription for Pilosocereus with 42 species and four subspecies. Xiquexique is proposed as a new genus characterized by molecular and morphological characters, composed of three species formerly positioned in P. subg. Gounellea .
Wind Spacecraft Observations of Solar Impulsive Electron Events Associated with Solar Type III Radio Bursts

We present Wind spacecraft observations of solar impulsive electron events associated with locally generated Langmuir waves during solar type III radio bursts. The solar impulsive electrons had energies from ~600 eV to greater than 300 keV. Local Langmuir emissions associated with these fluxes generally coincided with the arrival of 2-12 keV electrons. A survey of 27 events over 1 yr shows that there were few occurrences of electron distributions (~96 s averaged) that were unstable to Langmuir waves and none that had a substantial growth rate (>3 × 10-2 s-1) or endured for more than 96 s. Intense solar impulsive electron events that occurred on 1995 April 2 are studied in detail. Marginally stable (plateaued) distributions occasionally coincided with a periods of local Langmuir emissions, but the electron distributions were otherwise stable. These observations suggest that kinetic processes were modifying the electron distribution but also suggest that processes other than one-dimensional quasilinear relaxation were involved. We find that solar impulsive electron distributions were often unstable to oblique waves, such as quasi-electrostatic whistler waves or electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves, suggesting that competition between Langmuir and oblique emissions may be important. There are several other features in the Wind spacecraft solar impulsive electron observations that are noteworthy. Nondispersive flux modulations were visible in many of the events (also visible in the published ISEE 3 data) in ~1-4 keV electrons, suggesting that a local hydromagnetic instability may have accompanied the lowest energy solar impulsive electron fluxes. The Wind data differ from the ISEE 3 data in the energy spectra of the electron events. ISEE 3 recorded few events with only high-energy (>10 keV) electron fluxes, whereas a survey of the Wind events shows a substantially higher ratio of high-energy events. The high-energy events were often associated with solar flares that could not have been magnetically well connected with the satellite.
On time‐evolution of a balanced circular vortex

A simplified version of Eliassen's cyclostrophically and hydrostatically balanced circular vortex is considered, when the relative distribution of the tangential velocity is the same across the vortex at all altitudes (the similarity assumption). This vortex model mimics the high‐wind core of an intense tropical cyclone and might also be applicable to major tornadoes and to Martian giant dust devils. A self‐consistent problem is analytically solved to specify a slow time evolution of the primary and the secondary circulation in the vortex under the influence of the diabatic heating and the surface friction. The results show that a self‐similar balanced warm‐core vortex can either be stationary or decay (algebraically) in time, the latter for a vortex flow with incomplete similarity of the velocity field when the characteristics of the primary and the secondary circulation are scaled with height differently. Possible applications to the axisymmetric spin‐down dynamics of tropical cyclones are briefly discussed. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Particle capture and low-Reynolds-number flow around a circular cylinder

Abstract Particle capture, whereby suspended particles contact and adhere to a solid surface (a ‘collector’), is an important mechanism in a range of environmental processes. In aquatic systems, typically characterized by low collector Reynolds numbers ( $\mathit{Re}$ ), the rate of particle capture determines the efficiencies of a range of processes such as seagrass pollination, suspension feeding by corals and larval settlement. In this paper, we use direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a two-dimensional laminar flow to accurately quantify the rate of capture of low-inertia particles by a cylindrical collector for $\mathit{Re}\leq 47$ (i.e. a range where there is no vortex shedding). We investigate the dependence of both the capture rate and maximum capture angle on both the collector Reynolds number and the ratio of particle size to collector size. The inner asymptotic expansion of Skinner (Q. J. Mech. Appl. Maths, vol. 28, 1975, pp. 333–340) for flow around a cylinder is extended and shown to provide an excellent framework for the prediction of particle capture and flow close to the leading face of a cylinder up to $\mathit{Re}= 10$ . Our results fill a gap between theory and experiment by providing, for the first time, predictive capability for particle capture by aquatic collectors in a wide (and relevant) Reynolds number and particle size range.
Response of a multi-layered infinite cylinder to two-dimensional pressure excitation by means of transfer matrices

A 6 × 6 transfer matrix is presented to evaluate the response of a multi-layered infinitely long elastic cylinder, imbedded in a fluid and enclosing another fluid, to a given two-dimensional pressure excitation on the outside or inside, or alternatively to evaluate the acoustic pressure distribution excited by the radial velocity components of the radiating surface. It is shown that the transfer matrix presented is a general case embodying the transfer matrix of one-dimensional pressure excitation due to a normal incident wave. It is also shown that the transfer matrix can be effectively used to obtain the scattering coefficient and noise reduction of a multi-layered cylinder for the case of oblique incidence of a plane wave. Numerical results for the scattering form function and noise reduction of a multi-layered infinite cylinder are given to illustrate the effect of two-dimensionality (angle of incidence), and layer material characteristics.
The Effect of Stretch-Shortening Cycle on the Joint Power of the Jireugi in the Taekwondo Juchumseogi Stance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle mechanical properties of the pelvic axial pre-rotational movement for the Jireugi in the Taekwondo Juchumseogi stance. Eleven elite Taekwondo Poomsae athletes participated. Each participant per- formed 5 right hand Jireugi in Juchumseogi stance as fast and strong as possible while their motion was recorded by a 3D motion analysis system and the ground reaction forces by two force plates. The power and work of the muscular group surrounding the waist were analyzed to verify the effect of the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) theory. The cause of the greater power seems to be the application of the SSC by the muscles surrounding the waist during the preparation phase of the pre-rotation group. For the none pre-rotation group, they only used the concentric contraction of the muscles surrounding the waist. Because the pre-rotation group used the SSC theory, they had the effect of shortening of the range of movement, creating a fast and more powerful rotation, thus anticipating the increase the magnitude of impact.
Conductance of molecular wires and transport calculations based on density-functional theory

The experimental value for the zero bias conductance of organic molecules coupled by thiol-groups to gold electrodes tends to be much smaller than the theoretical result based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, often by orders of magnitude. To address this puzzle we have analyzed the regime within which the approximations made in these calculations are valid. Our results suggest that a standard step in DFT based transport calculations, namely approximating the exchange-correlation potential in quasistatic nonequilibrium by its standard equilibrium expression, is not justified at weak coupling. We propose, that the breakdown of this approximation is the most important source for overestimating the width of the experimentally observed conductance peak and therefore also of the zero bias conductance. We present a numerical study on the conductance of an organic molecule that has recently been studied in experiments that fully agrees with this conclusion.
Micromagnetic analysis of anisotropy orientation in high density longitudinal magnetic recording

Micromagnetic simulations have been performed to compare the recording performance of oriented media (Mr=1.50) with planar isotropic media in longitudinal recording. With no exchange, oriented medium exhibits substantially less dc noise power thus larger signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). But with increasing linear density, the oriented medium shows larger nonlinear amplitude reduction, larger nonlinear transition shift, and less SNR advantage. At finite exchange, there is no substantial SNR difference between oriented and isotropic medium.
Cross sections for K-shell ionization of atoms by electron impact

The relativistic version of the binary-encounter Bethe (BEB) model is used to calculate cross sections for K-shell ionization of atoms by electron impact. The BEB model requires only two atomic constants, the binding energy and kinetic energy of the K electrons. These constants are listed for carbon to antimony. Comparisons with available experimental data on N, O, Na, Al, Cl, Ca, Cu, Se and Sb show good agreement. The K-shell ionization cross sections for C, Mg, P, S, Cr, As and Cd are tabulated.
Magnetic anisotropy in the ferromagnetic Cu-doped ZnO nanoneedles

Copper-doped ZnO (ZnO:Cu) nanoneedles exhibiting room-temperature ferromagnetism were fabricated by an ion beam technique using Cu plate and ZnO film. A saturated magnetization moment of 0.698emu∕cm3 was found in the nanoneedles when a field of 10kOe was applied perpendicular to the substrate, which was 15% larger than the field applied parallel to the substrate. The magnetic ordering of the nanoneedles was enhanced significantly to 0.968emu∕cm3 after annealing of 400°C for 20min. However, the magnetic anisotropy at high field is vanished but an “easy plane” ferromagnetism becomes apparent at low field region. The possible mechanisms of the magnetic ordering and anisotropy in the ZnO:Cu nanoneedles are discussed.
Application of an acoustic particle flux profiler in particleladen open-channel flow

An acoustic particle flux profiler (APFP) has been used to non-intrusively and simultaneously profile the instantaneous concentration and the 2-D velocity vector in particle-laden open-channel flow. A temporal resolution of 0.04s and a spatial resolution of φ14. 2x4.5mm3 have been achieved by carefully choosing the APFP parameters. The performance of the APFP has been investigated in two flows under capacity charge conditions. The measured results for the mean profiles of velocity, velocity variance, Reynolds stress, concentration, particle flux, moment flux, diffusion coefficients, etc., are compared with the theoretical or semi-empirical formulas. Good agreement has been found. The fluctuation fields of velocity and concentration are highly correlated. Two kinds of coherent structures, the ejection and the inrush, are found to be the dominant structures in the outer region which are responsible for particle entrainment, resuspension and deposition in a particle-laden flow. It is concluded that the recent.