Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethnobotanical survey on plants used by traditional healers to fight against COVID-19 in Fez city, Northern Morocco

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has now been spread around the world in the form of a highly contagious pandemic The lack of effective vaccines against this lethal viral infection is pushing researchers to identify potential sources from natural products that can help fight the pandemic In Morocco, medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) have long been used to combat infectious diseases According to our knowledge, this is the first ethnobotanical survey in Fez city, aimed to quantify the ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants used by herbalists for fighting against the COVID-19 Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in Fez city with traditional herbalists, in a period of two months (from the beginning of November to the end of December 2020) Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 well-known traditional herbalists A quantitative analysis approach was used resulting in the determination of plant use value (PUV) and family use value (FUV) to evaluate the ethnobotanical knowledge Results: In total, 49 medicinal plants species were recorded belonging to 28 botanical families According to the PUV index, the most important species were Syzygium aromaticum (L ) Merr & Perry, Thymus vulgaris L , Eucalyptus globulus Labill , and Artemisia vulgaris L The Lamiaceae was the most dominant family The aerial part was the most used plant part Most remedies were prepared in the infusion form and mostly administered orally According to herbalists, 47 36 % of customers were very satisfied using herbal remedies to combat COVID-19 Conclusion: The ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological information collected in our study provides basic data on medicinal plants which is promising in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 Thus, it is recommended that the safety and efficacy of these plants will be confirmed through pharmacological, toxicological and phytochemical studies © 2021, Ilia State University, Institute of Botany, Department of Ethnobotany All rights reserved
Vegetative propagation of Manilkara bidentata (A.DC.) A.Chev. using mini-tunnels in the Peruvian Amazon region

Aim of the study: Manilkara bidentata (A.DC.) A.Chev. (‘quinilla’) is a Neotropical tree highly threatened by extensive agricultural practices and climate change, resulting in a substantial reduction of natural stands and seed availability. Commercially, the propagation through seeds of this species is severely impeded by a low germination rate. Vegetative propagation could be an alternative tool for overcoming this limitation. This study aims to evaluate the vegetative propagation of M. bidentata by rooted cuttings using mini-tunnels in the Amazon.Study area: National University of San Martín, Tarapoto, Region of San Martín, Peru. Forested areas at three localities in the Picota province and two localities in the Bellavista province, San Martín Region, were visited for the selection of plus trees and collection of epicormic shoots from stumps.Materials and methods: the study was performed on leaf areas of 0, 50, and 100% with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatments of 0, 3000, and 6000 ppm, for 9 treatments combinations. The experiment consisted of 3 mini-tunnels, with 3 growth trays established on each mini-tunnel, and 16 cuttings established on each tray (and per treatment), for a total of 144 cuttings.Main results: after 55 days, the best scores in rooting rates (75%), number of roots (3.88), root length (3.26 cm), and budding percentage (94%) were obtained for the combination of 50% leaf area left with 3000 ppm of IBA.Research highlights: we propose the technique of mini-tunnel as a tool for the cloning, rescue, and germplam conservation of M. bidentata.Key words: mini-tunnel; Peruvian Amazon; quinilla; rooting; vegetative propagation.Abbreviations used: indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).
The Effect of Sowing Date and Harvest Time on Leafy Greens of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Yield and Selected Nutritional Parameters

In 2015–2017, field experiments were conducted, in two facilities of the Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences: at the Research and Didactic Station in Psary (51°19′08” N, 17°03′37” E) and in the plots of the Department of Crop Production in Pawlowice (51°17′32” N, 17°11′72” E). The research aimed to evaluate fresh biomass yield and selected quality parameters of quinoa grown as a green leafy vegetable. The study was conducted on two soils: medium (clay soil texture) and light (sand soil texture), sowing quinoa in spring and summer periods. On both soils, quinoa was harvested 5 times at each sowing date. The yields of fresh plant biomass, basic morphological characteristics and certain quality traits were compared. All experimental factors had a significant effect on quinoa fresh biomass yield. On light soil, quinoa yielded 4 times lower than on medium soil, and its cultivation posed a high risk, especially at the summer sowing date. The experimental factors used had the greatest effect on macronutrient content. Growing quinoa on medium soil yielded biomass with higher K, Mg, Ca and N-NO3 concentration, while spring sown plants had higher K and N-NO3 concentration. Harvesting date had the greatest effect on the change in nutritional values. Potassium content decreased as the harvest date was delayed, and N-NO3 content decreased gradually until the fourth harvest date. The results showed that quinoa should be harvested as a green leafy vegetable when it reaches a height of 20–30 cm; biomass production is then at 500–1000 g per m2, potassium content is less than 10 g per 100 g dry matter and N-NO3 content is less than 100 mg 100−1 f.m.
The influence of nitrogen doses on yield and yield properties of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) varieties under micro-climate conditions of Igdir plain – Turkey

Abstract The growth and development of safflower are affected by several factors such as genotype, agronomic practices, and environmental conditions. One of the most important agronomic practices is fertilization. As a fertilizer, nitrogen is a basic element required for successful plant growth. In the study, it was aimed to determine the effects of different nitrogen doses (0, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha−1) on yield and yield properties of three safflower varieties (Remzibey-05, Dinçer, and Yenice) under micro-climate conditions in the Iğdır University Agricultural Research fields, Turkey during 2012 − 2013 according to the split-plot experimental design in randomized blocks with three replications. The investigation denoted that the differences among the varieties were found significant for all attributes except seed number per head. And also, the effect of differences between observation years and the effects of nitrogen rates were determined to be significant for all observed properties. Increasing the nitrogen rate increased all observed attributes. Seed oil content increased with nitrogen applications up to 100 kg ha−1 but reduced again in higher nitrogen rates. In the study, the interactions of both factors had no significant effects on all observed attributes. The results of two years study show that the Yenice safflower cultivar as an alternative oil plant and the most economical nitrogen dose of 150 kg ha−1 can be suggested for the maximum yield in the unit area where the experiment is carried out and in other regions with similar climatic conditions.
Comparing Prochlorococcus temperature niches in the lab and across ocean basins

Niche theory suggests that the realized niche occupied by an organism in the field is a subset of the fundamental niche space of the organism, absent additional biotic and abiotic factors. Though often assumed, this discrepancy is rarely tested for specific organisms, and could act as a source of error in model predictions of biogeographical shifts resulting from temperature change which assume niche theory constraints. Here, we quantify the difference between fundamental and realized temperature niches for four dominant ecotypes of Prochlorococcus, including eMED4, eMIT9312, eMIT9313, and eNATL2A, and ask whether the realized temperature niches of each ecotype vary across ocean basins. The realized niches for the four ecotypes are, on average, 3.84°C ± 1.18°C colder (mean ± SD across all ocean basins and ecotypes) and 2.15°C ± 1.89°C wider than the lab‐measured fundamental niches. When divided into four ocean regions—North Atlantic, South Atlantic, North Pacific, and South Pacific—we find that the realized temperature niche optimum for a given ecotype compared to the fundamental temperature niche optimum differs across regions by as much as 7.93°C, while the niche width can differ by up to 9.48°C. Colder and wider realized niches may be a result of the metabolic risk associated with living in variable environments when the mean temperature is too close to the optimal temperature for growth or due to physical processes such as dispersal. The strong differences in temperature niches across ocean basins suggest that unresolved genetic diversity within ecotypes, local adaptation, and variable interactive ecological and environmental factors are likely to be important in shaping Prochlorococcus realized temperature niches.
C-Reactive Protein and Its Relationship with Pain in Patients with Advanced Cancer Cachexia: Secondary Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Limited information is available on the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and pain in advanced cancer. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between serum levels of CRP and subtypes of pain. Design: A secondary cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study. Setting/Subjects: Patients with advanced cancer admitted to 23 palliative care units in Japan. Measurements: Patients rated the severity of pain on the numerical rating scale (NRS) and physicians evaluated pain on the integrated palliative care outcome scale (IPOS). Physicians assessed neuropathic pain and breakthrough pain based on their presence or absence. Patients were divided into four groups according to CRP levels. Comparisons were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test or chi-squared test. To evaluate the relationship between CRP and subtypes of pain, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in logistic models were calculated. Results: We divided 1513 patients into four groups: low CRP (n = 234), moderate CRP (n = 513), high CRP (n = 352), and very high CRP (n = 414). Spearman's correlation coefficient between CRP and pain NRS and that between CRP and pain IPOS were 0.15 (p < 0.001) and 0.16 (p < 0.001), respectively. In the models of pain NRS and pain IPOS, significantly higher adjusted ORs than in the low CRP group were observed in the very high CRP group (1.81 [95% CI 1.14–2.88], p = 0.01; 1.74 [95% CI 1.18–2.57], p = 0.005, respectively). Relationships were not observed between CRP, neuropathic pain, and breakthrough pain. Conclusions: The results indicated direct relationships between CRP, pain NRS, and pain IPOS.
Relationship Between Self Efficacy and Job Performance and Satisfaction of Secondary School Teachers In Anambra State

This study assessed the relationship between self-efficacy and job performance and satisfaction of secondary school teachers in Anambra State. Two research questions guided the study. Two null hypotheses were tested at . 05 level of significance. Correlational survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was 1,615 secondary school teachers in 32 state government owned secondary schools. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized to select a sample size of 485 teachers. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach’s alpha formula which yielded reliability coefficient values of 0.88 and 0.85. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient. The results showed that there is negligible and low positive relationship between self efficacy and job performance of secondary school teachers in Anambra State. There is moderate and substantial positive relationship between self-efficacy and job satisfaction of secondary school teachers. The study further revealed that there is significant relationship between self-efficacy and job performance and satisfaction of secondary school teachers in Anambra State. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that educational agencies and professional associations should collaborate with secondary schools to organize workshops and seminars for teachers at regular interval to strengthen abilities to ensure effective performance of teachers to achieve the objectives of secondary education as entrenched in the National Policy on Education.
Pengembangan Modul IPBA Materi Sistem Bumi-Bulan Berbasis Integrasi Sains-Islam

This paper aims to describe the development of the IPBA module on the Earth-Moon System material based on science-Islam integration for preservice science teachers in PTKI. The development procedure is carried out by adopting the 4 D model (define, design, develop, dan diseminate) by Thiagarajan in which stage disseminate was not executed. The study involved 87 preservice science teachers in one of the PTKI. This research produces the following instructional module indicators: by analyzing the kauniyah verses and authentic hadith, students are able to (1) provide factual and actual information about the condition of the Moon as Earth's satellite; (2) analyze the relative motion of the Moon and its phases; (3) describe the Sideral and Synodic periods; (4) analyze the construction of the lunar calendar system and the hisab-rukyat mechanism; and (5) analyze the occurrence of eclipses. The uniqueness of the module is shown in the tadabbur corner which explains models of science-Islam integration for each indicator, whether they are inspirational, confirmatory, or empirical dogma. This module has been assessed as very valid from the material aspect, valid from the media aspect, and very good from user responses.Keywords: the earth and space science module, earth-moon system, science-islam integration, preservice science teacherABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengembangan modul IPBA materi Sistem Bumi-Bulan berbasis integrasi Sains-Islam bagi calon guru IPA di PTKI. Prosedur pengembangan dijalankan dengan mengadopsi model 4 D (define, design, develop, dan disseminate) oleh Thiagarajan di mana tahap disseminate tidak dijalankan. Subjek pengembangan melibatkan 87 mahasiswa calon guru IPA di salah satu PTKI. Studi ini telah menghasilkan indikator modul ajar sebagai berikut: dengan menelaah ayat-ayat kauniyah dan hadits-hadits yang shahih, mahasiswa mampu (1) mengemukakan informasi-informasi faktual dan aktual tentang keadaan Bulan sebagai satelit Bumi; (2) menganalisis gerakan relatif Bulan dan fase-fase Bulan; (3) menjelaskan periode Sideral dan Periode Sinodik; (4) menganalisis konstruksi sistem kalender Bulan dan mekanisme hisab-rukyat; dan (5) mampu menganalisis terjadinya gerhana. Keunikan modul ditunjukkan melalui pojok tadabbur yang menerangkan model integrasi sains-Islam pada masing-masing indikator, baik yang bersifat inspirasi, konfirmasi, dan dogma empiris. Modul ini telah dinilai sangat valid dari aspek materi, valid dari aspek media, dan sangat baik dari respons pengguna.Kata kunci: modul IPBA, sistem Bumi-Bulan, integrasi sains-Islam, calon guru IPA
Corporate governance mechanism and firm performance in Saudi Arabia

The intention of this study is to examine the relationship of board size with firm performance among the health care equipment and services listed firms in Saudi Arabia for the period ranging from 2010 to 2019. The pooled ordinary least square (POLS) regression findings mention that the board size was positively associated with firm performance in both return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) models. This shows that better governed companies tend to attain better firm performance. This study results mention that in perspective of Saudi Arabia, enforcing a voluntary ‘comply or explain’ CG regime has, so far, a good effect on firm performance. The results documented by this study are important for market levels, decision makers and the company.
Effects of Heat Treatment on Interfacial Properties of Pinus Massoniana Wood

Understanding the interfacial changes of wood during heat treatment can facilitate the improvement of the bonding and coating processes of heat-treated wood. Steam was used as the medium to modify Pinusmassoniana wood through heat treatment at 160, 180, 200, and 220 °C. Changes to the surface characteristics after heat treatment were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and contact angle measurement. The results showed that: (1) hemicelluloses were the first to experience degradation at 160 °C, and this degradation was the most intense at 200 °C. The cellulose started experiencing obvious degradation at 200 °C, while there was less degradation of lignin at this temperature. (2) Oxygen-containing groups like hydroxyl and carbonyl were gradually reduced as temperature increased with deepened color and passivated surface. (3) Cellulose crystallinity presented a variable trend of increasing–decreasing–increasing. (4) Surface porosity and roughness of Pinus massoniana wood both increased after heat treatment. (5) The Pinus massoniana wood interface turned from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, and 180 °C was a turning point for the wettability of the Pinus massoniana wood interface.
Knowledge Among Women at Reproductive Age About Intrauterine Device in Baquba City

Background: The intrauterine device (IUD) is the most popular form of reversible long-acting contraceptionin the world which is inserted into a woman›s uterus to prevent pregnancy.Objectives: To study knowledge among women at reproductive age about intrauterine device in baqubacity. Subjects and Method: a cross-sectional study was conducting among women at reproductive age whoattended outpatient clinics of Al-Batool Teaching Hospital in Baquba City from the period of the 1st ofJanuary to the 30th of June 2020.Results: Among 900 women who included in this study, with mean age about 32.2±8 years old, about77.1% of women respondents had poor knowledge about this method of birth control. The knowledge scorewas affected significantly by level of education, age, residency, occupation, years of marriage, number ofparity as well as the use of IUD. The main source of information is friends and relatives who represent about93.3% and a limited role of health care providers. This may cause negative beliefs as well as many mythsand rumors about IUD. Conclusion: in this study women were unaware about the basic knowledge of IUDs.
Climbing for dummies: recommendation for multi‐specific fishways for the conservation of tropical eels and gobies

Dams and other man‐made barriers impair upstream fish migration and thus threaten fish populations that need access to upper river reaches to complete their life cycle. For many years, fishways have been used to mitigate this impact. Fishways around the globe are typically built based on recommendations made for northern hemisphere species, particularly salmonids. These recommendations do not consider the locomotor characteristics and skills of other species, especially those living in the tropics. Among tropical species, freshwater eels and gobies of the Sicydiinae subfamily are important cultural and economic species that are particularly sensitive to the impact of man‐made barriers. Our experimental study aimed to test different substrates and slopes for ramp‐like fishways adapted to tropical eels and sicydiines. Among the five substrates tested for 368 eels Anguilla marmorata, elastomer pins appeared to be the most efficient. Elastomer pins also appeared to be more efficient than the fine concrete which is currently used in fishways for sicydiines (Sicyopterus lagocephalus, N = 1797, and Cotylopus acutipinnis, N = 1303). The slope had a lesser effect on the climbing success of sicydiines compared to substrate type, except for gradients greater than 50° that induced a slight decrease in success. Our results indicated that ramp‐like fishways fitted with 1.0 cm diameter elastomer pins, positioned in staggered rows with a diagonal spacing of 1.3 cm, wetted with low‐flow and angled less than 50°, are well adapted to accommodate the different locomotor characteristics and skills of tropical eels and sicydiines.
Low- and Fully N-Glycosylated Gonadotropins Circulating in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Context A preponderance of basic luteinizing hormone (LH) molecules having elevated bioactivity was detected in the circulation of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Subsequent studies have shown that LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) both circulate as glycoforms differing in number of glycans: low-N-glycosylated glycoforms, LHdi and FSHtri, with high in vitro bioactivity, and fully glycosylated glycoforms, LHtri and FSHtetra, with high in vivo bioactivity. Objective This work aims to characterize the glycosylation patterns on circulating gonadotropin glycoforms in women with PCOS. Methods Serum samples, collected from 8 women with PCOS were included. The concentration, sulfonation, and sialylation of each glycoform were determined and compared with values of serum samples from healthy women: 22 women at follicular phase, 16 at midcycle, and 15 after menopause. Results All the women with PCOS had higher LHdi serum levels compared with those in the follicular-phase group. Median LHdi and median LHtri levels were significantly elevated in PCOS women. The percentage of LHdi was increased from 37 to 49 and that of FSHtri was decreased from 41 to 33. The LHdi, LHtri, and FSHtetra glycoforms were more sialylated and both LH glycoforms less sulfonated in women with PCOS. Conclusion All women with PCOS had increased serum levels of LHdi, compared with those in the follicular phase. The percentage of LHdi was increased and that of FSHtri decreased in women with PCOS. The increased LHdi leads to maintenance of the abnormal early follicular development of the polycystic ovary, and the decreased FSHtri contributes to the arrested follicle growth.
Lycopene prevents cisplatin-induced liver tissue damage, without affecting concentrations of TNF-α or iNOS/NO inflammatory pathway

Introduction: Liver inflammatory response occurring after toxic chemicals injection, such as cisplatin, causes the aggravation in liver damage. Lycopene, a carotenoid, has previously been proven to possess antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic properties. This study objective was to evaluate for the first time the protective effects of lycopene in cisplatin-induced liver damage based on the disturbances in serum and tissue inflammatory parameters. Also, to confirm the extent of changes in inflammation of the studied tissue, a microscopic analysis will be performed. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups: (I) control; (II) lycopene (2 mg/kg); (III) cisplatin (10 mg/kg) and (IV) lycopene and cisplatin-treated (2 and 10 mg/kg, respectively) animals. After the experiment, we studied changes in serum liver tissue damage associated parameters (ALT, AST, and γ-GT) and liver inflammatory parameters (NO and TNF-α concentrations, myeloperoxidase and iNOS activity, as well as CD68 expression). Results: Application of lycopene prevented a rise in evaluated serum parameters induced by cisplatin, while at the same time it did not cause any harmful effect by itself. Lycopene, alone or in combination with cisplatin, decreased the values of all studied liver inflammatory parameters. Conclusions: We can conclude that lycopene does not prevent liver tissue inflammatory decalin seen after cisplatin application, however, it prevents tissue damage arising from this cytostatic application.