Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of nodulation and nodule mass in relation to nitrogenase activity and nitrogen demand in Discaria trinervis (Rhamnaceae) seedlings

A time course experiment of nodulation, N2 fixation and growth was conducted on Discaria trinervis seedlings after inoculation with Frankia isolate BCU110501, to study the regulation of nodulation in relation to nitrogenase activity. Nodulation started at 1.3 weeks after inoculation and reached a plateau at 7 weeks after inoculation. Nodules were mainly restricted to tap roots. Nitrogenase activity was first detected at 3.6 weeks after inoculation and increased throughout the 9-week experimental period. No H2 evolution could be detected, thus the symbiosis appeared to be phenotypically Hup + . Plant growth increased after onset of nitrogenase activity, except for root length growth. Nitrogenase activity expressed on either plant dry matter basis, nodule dry matter basis, or leaf area basis, did not change significantly during the study. N content of all plant parts, increased to a maximal value at 7 weeks after inoculation At this time formation of new nodules stopped and nodule dry mass relative to total plant dry mass did no longer increase. The results support the idea of a feedback regulation of nodule growth and activity through internal N level.
The complexity of teacher professional growth – unravelling threads of purpose, opportunity and response

ABSTRACT This article utilises complexity thinking to further develop a heuristic model for teacher professional growth as a continuous, recursive and adaptive process. Conversations with six case teachers are drawn upon in a phenomenographic study, seeking variation in ways of experiencing learning and development, together comprising professional growth. Distinctions and conjunctions between learning and development are explored, and an attempt is made to unravel the entangled threads of purpose, opportunity and response heard in teacher accounts. These threads, unique in each case, collectively form categories of description as a possibility space for professional growth. This cannot fully capture the complexity of teacher learning and development but can be utilised and expanded to interpret past experiences and project future potential, within organisational contexts and external conditions. The process of professional growth is considered as one of complicity, whereby those involved and the situations they inhabit are mutually implicated in continual and tangible change.
Essential amino acid content of goat meat in comparison with other meats.

Samples of mutton, goat meat, beef and pork were dehydrated and defatted using acetone. After vacuum drying the material was powdered and hydrolysed with 6N HCl in a vacuum sealed tube at 121 degree C for 18h. After cooling the hydrolysate was adjusted to pH 6.8, filtered, diluted and microbiologically assayed for amino acids using Leuconostoc mesenteroides P-60, Lactobacillus arabinosis 17/5 and Streptococcus faecalis-R as test organisms. Results are tabulated Chemical scores individual amino acids, protein socres and sequence of limiting amino acids are presented for all the meats. Goat meat has a similar amino acid pattern to mutton but contains more arginine (7.4 g/16 g N), leucine (8.4 g) and isoleucine (5.1 g) than mutton which contains 6.6. 7.6 and 4.6 g respectively. Results show that goat meat is adequate in respect of all the essential amino acids and has a protein score of 84 compared with 84 for mutton, 89 for beef and 90 for pork.
Voter Perceptions of President Donald Trump’s Personality Disorder Traits: Implications of Political Affiliation

The short form of the Coolidge Axis II Inventory (SCATI) was used to measure traits associated with 14 personality disorders (according to essential Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria) in Donald Trump shortly after the fall 2016 election. Liberal or conservative participants (N = 219, mean age = 38.20 years, range = 18–79 years) were randomly assigned to view a positive or negative compilation of official campaign videos depicting Trump and then completed the SCATI. The general hypothesis was supported: Respondents’ political affiliation related with personality perceptions (although campaign video compilations did not). Despite differences in magnitude, the relative strength of the traits associated with the disorders was highly similar between conservatives and liberals (intraclass correlation coefficient = .76, p < .001). On the basis of overall rankings (independent of respondent’s party affiliation), Trump’s personality was collectively perceived to be at or above the 99th normative percentile for traits associated with four personality disorders (sadistic, narcissistic, antisocial, and passive-aggressive).
Grading of Bag-Mask Ventilation Difficulty and Association with Unanticipated Difficult Laryngoscopy/Intubation in Children at a Training Center University Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study

Objective: In children, the grading of Bag-Mask Ventilation (BMV) difficulty and its association with difficult laryngoscopy/intubation has not been well established. This study aimed to evaluate the grading for BMV difficulty and determine its association with difficult laryngoscopy/intubation in a normal airway pediatric population. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in children aged ≤9 years who underwent general anesthesia and oroendotracheal tube intubation between September 2008 and December 2012. Difficult laryngoscopy was defined as a Cormack–Lehane laryngoscopic view grade of 3 or 4. Difficult intubation was defined as the occurrence of at least two of the following: 1) at least three intubation attempts using direct laryngoscopy by experienced personnel (excluding first intubation attempts); 2) intubation time >300 s; and 3) occurrence of desaturation (SpO2<95%). The use of open airway maneuvers, including continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), oropharyngeal airway (OPA), and two-person ventilation (TPV), or unsuccessful BMV were also considered. The association between BMV difficulty and difficult laryngoscopy/intubation was assessed using multivariate logistic regression with adjusted odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: The incidence of difficult laryngoscopy/intubation was 6.4% (49/765). The categories of BMV difficulty were grade 0 (easy BMV without requiring an open airway maneuver, n=308), grade 1 (easy BMV after applying CPAP, n=368), grade 2 (successful BMV after inserting an OPA, n=16), grade 3 (successful BMV after applying TPV, n=71), and grade 4 (unsuccessful BMV after applying all airway maneuvers, n=2). Difficult BMV was defined as a BMV grade of 3 or 4 (v/s grades 0-2). After adjusting for age, body weight, history of snoring, type of operation, use of neuromuscular blocking agents, and first laryngoscopist, BMV difficulty was significantly associated with difficult laryngoscopy/intubation (adjusted OR [95% CI]=2.5 [1.1-5.5], sensitivity 0.59, specificity 0.74, AUC=0.70). Conclusion: A BMV grade of 3 (requiring TPV) or 4 (unsuccessful BMV) was associated with difficult laryngoscopy/ intubation in a pediatric population.
Accurate tip characterization in critical dimension atomic force microscopy

A new method for accurately characterizing the tip geometry of critical dimension atomic force microscopy (CD-AFM) has been introduced. A sample type IVPS100-PTB whose line features have vertical sidewall, round corner with a radius of approx. 5 ∼ 6 nm and very low surface roughness has been applied as the tip characterizer. The geometry of the line features has been accurately and traceably calibrated to the lattice constant of crystal silicon. In this paper, detailed measurement strategies and data evaluation algorithms have been introduced, particularly concerning several important influence factors such as the line width roughness of the tip characterizer, measurement noise, measurement point density, and the calculation of the averaged tip geometry. Thorough experimental studies have been carried out, indicating high measurement accuracy of the developed method. For instance, tip geometry of a probe type CDR120 with a nominal tip diameter of 120 nm is reconstructed using two different tip characterizers before, during and after it is applied for a calibration of a user sample. The agreement of all 20 obtained tip profiles reaches 0.4 nm, confirming the high measurement stability, low tip wear as well as the high measurement consistency between two tip characterizers. Furthermore, the results of a nanofeature of the user sample after correcting the tip contribution show a repeatability of approximately 0.3 nm when it is repeatedly measured by a same tip, and a reproducibility of 0.9 nm when it is measured using two different tips, confirming the good performance of the tip correction method as well.
A point vortex transportation model for yawed wind turbine wakes

In this study, stereo particle imaging velocimetry measurements are performed at multiple streamwise locations behind a yawed wind turbine to reveal the formation mechanisms of the counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP), and a point vortex transportation (PVT) model is proposed to reproduce the top–down asymmetric kidney-shaped wake (also referred to as a curled wake). Results indicate that the CVP formed behind a yawed wind turbine originates from the complex interactions between the hub vortex and the streamwise components of the blade tip vortices, which is fundamentally different from the case of a yawed drag disk where the hub vortex is absent. Specifically, when the yaw angle exceeds a critical value, a small part of the streamwise vorticity shed from the rotor disk edge switches its sign from negative to positive and subsequently merges with the concentrated hub vortex under mutual induction, creating a patch of positive vorticity; meanwhile, the remaining streamwise vorticity distributed along the rotor edge curls and evolves into another patch of negative vorticity. These two patches of streamwise vorticity essentially constitute the CVP. Based on the physics learnt from the experiments, the non-uniform cross-stream velocity fields are first reconstructed by a cloud of point vortices distributed along the rotor edge and a hub vortex located in the rotor centre, and subsequently used to numerically solve a simplified transportation–diffusion equation of the wake velocity deficit, which altogether constitute the PVT model. This physics-based reduced-order model is the first model capable of accurately reproducing the wake deformation behind a yawed wind turbine.
Atmospheric Freshwater Transport From the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean: A Lagrangian Analysis

The Atlantic‐to‐Pacific atmospheric freshwater transport was calculated using Lagrangian water mass trajectories. These were decomposed into eastward and westward moving classes, carrying water over Afro‐Eurasia and over America, respectively. The results reveal that the midlatitude westerlies are contributing to midlatitude precipitation in the Pacific Ocean through transporting water mass from the midlatitude Atlantic Ocean over Afro‐Eurasia. In addition, precipitation in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean is found to be associated with the easterly winds carrying water mass from the tropical Atlantic Ocean. A quantitative analysis of the atmospheric freshwater transport furthermore shows that annually, the westerlies carry 0.40 Sv, approximately twice as much water as the easterly trade winds (0.26 Sv) to the Pacific Ocean, but with a strong seasonality. The Atlantic Ocean exports more freshwater across Afro‐Eurasia than across America, except during the June–August periods. The average residence time of this atmospheric water transport is roughly twice as long when it crosses Afro‐Eurasia (54 days) rather than America (24 days).
Further assessment of pollen limitation in the waratah (Telopea speciosissima).

The literature contains much debate about whether pollen limitation results in a cost to plants. A population of the waratah, Telopea speciosissima (Proteaceae), was found to be pollen limited in 1985. The present study examines the consequences and causes of this pollen limitation. In the 2–3 years following the original experiment, there was no difference in vegetative growth, flower production or fruit production between the hand-pollinated or control plants. There was no difference in inflorescence or fruit production between these two plant groups up to 9 years later. There was no cost of the experimental increase in reproduction. Experiments in 1988 failed to reveal further pollen limitation, suggesting that it may only occur in some years in this population. The retention of self-pollen on stigmas after anthesis was implicated as a cause of the original demonstration of pollen limitation because the waratah is self-incompatible, has highly synchronous flowering and, typical of the Proteaceae, deposits self-pollen on its stigmas at anthesis. These traits should provide a continuing influence on fruit set in all years. However, plants did not produce more fruits when the self-pollen was experimentally removed. This suggests that the waratah experiences pollen limitation in years when pollination and nutrient levels are not in equilibrium. Further studies of pollen limitation are required to fully understand the fitness consequences of this phenomenon, and to fully describe its frequency among different plant families and among plants with differing flowering strategies.
Genetic evaluation using commercial carcass data in French beef cattle.

INTRODUCTION Genetic improvement of beef traits by selection in the French beef breeds is based on two sources of information. First, in the herds under performance recording, all animals are genetically evaluated for birth to weaning traits with a BLUP procedure applied to an animal model (Anonymous, 1995). This evaluation is run for all the beef cattle breeds, either the specialised, rustic or local breeds. Although a large number of animals are evaluated, it may be of limited efficiency for improving final beef value due to the lack of slaughter performance recording. In the three specialised beef breeds (Charolais, Limousin, Blond d’Aquitaine), there are integrated selection schemes of AI sires with planned mating, performance and progeny testing in central stations. In each progeny testing, male progenies are randomly procreated, gathered in a single fattening station and slaughtered in a single slaughterhouse according to a fixed end-point. Breeding values for slaughter traits are estimated with a BLUP procedure applied to a sire model (Fouilloux et al., 1999 ; 2000). These programmes provide precocious and accurate estimates. However there are only a limited number of sires that are actually evaluated due to the limitation of the progeny testing capacity. A third source of information is available since slaughter performances recorded in commercial slaughterhouses have been integrated in the national data bases used for genetic evaluation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of a genetic evaluation using this new source of information.
A Public-Private Partnership Designed to Improve Student Soft Skills: The Johnson & Johnson Bridge-to-Employment Program

In this paper we describe a corporate-education partnership between Johnson & Johnson and disadvantaged public schools called Bridge-to-Employment (BTE) and examine the program’s impact on student acquisition of soft or non-cognitive, school-to-career transition skills. We model the differences in the attainment levels of eight soft skills in a sample of 236 BTE and 308 Comparison students from 10 BTE program sites in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware. Using cross-site trajectory analysis, we find that BTE participation had a positive impact on BTE students’ communication skills, perceived readiness for an immediate job, readiness for career, teamwork, and persistence in pursuing a task/goal (grit). BTE did not have an impact on students’ problem solving skills, readiness for college or ability to set long-term goals. We discuss the possible reasons for these mixed results and the need for encouraging more direct business-public school partnerships to address the growing knowledge and skills gaps facing our nation.
Heterosis analysis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Cette etude a ete entreprise afin d'elucider l'apparition des trimuants et de comparer plusieurs carcteres quantitatifs entre ces trimuants et les tetramuants dans la generation F1 d'hybrides entre des souches trimuantes recessives et des souches tetramuantes du ver a soie.
The Knowledge-based Agricultural Cooperative: A Validation from the Trentino Case

The new agri-food market is considered a detrimental factor for the competitiveness and financial equilibria of agricultural cooperatives. According to this view, as a result of market saturation and globalisation processes, shifting investments to supply chain forward activities (e.g., for brand development or for research and development activities) would represent a serious threat to the cooperative model. Taking a contrasting view, this paper aims at demonstrating that the cooperative model continues to play a strategic role in the current competitive environment. In particular, the adoption of the knowledge-based theory of the firm combined with the i? ½open innovationi? ½ approach permits a renewed interpretation of the role of modern agricultural cooperatives as knowledge developers and disseminators, for the benefit of members and their communities. This theoretical approach will be tested by studying a sample of agricultural cooperatives operating in the province of Trento, in North-East Italy.
Dental morphology of Microtus (Terricola) voles from Calabria (Southern Italy) and relationships with M. (T.) savii (Rodentia, Arvicolidae)

Abstract Microtus (Terricola) savii brachycercus (von Lehmann, 1961) was described as a Calabrian endemism. More recently, by chromosome evidence, it was considered as a valid species. Comparison of the first lower molar morphometry between Calabrian Terricola and M. savii populations show small differences. This may be explained by a recent separation of the two groups. Biogeographical, geographical and paleogeographical features of the Calabria, are also showed in order to understand a possible role in ground vole differentiation. Riassunto Morfologia dentaria delle arvicole Microtus (Terricola) della Calabria (Sud Italia) e relazioni con M. (T.) savii (Rodentia, Arvicolidae) Microtus (Terricola) savii brachycercus (von Lehmann, 1961) fu descritto come un endemismo calabro. Piu recentemente, da evidenze cromosomiche, e stato considerato buona specie. Analisi comparative sulla morfometria del primo molare inferiore tra Terricola calabresi e popolazioni di M. savii mostrano piccole differenze. Cio puo essere spiegato da una segregazione recente dei due gruppi. Sono altresi illustrate le caratteristiche biogeografiche, geografiche e paleogeografiche della Calabria per comprendere un possibile ruolo nella differenziazione delle arvicole sotterranee.
Do Fund Managers Misestimate Climatic Disaster Risk

We examine whether professional money managers overreact to large climatic disasters. We find that managers within a major disaster region underweight disaster zone stocks to a much greater degree than distant managers and that this aversion to disaster zone stocks is related to a salience bias that decreases over time and distance from the disaster, rather than to superior information possessed by close managers. This overreaction can be costly to fund investors for some especially salient disasters like hurricanes and tornadoes: a long-short strategy that exploits the overreaction generates a significant DGTW-adjusted return over the following 2 years.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on sustainable quality leaf production in mulberry (Morrus alba) under irrigated, alluvial soil conditions

A field experiment was conducted during 2003-2005 at Berhampore (West Bengal), under irrigated Gangetic alluvial soil conditions, to study the effect of integrated nutrient packages on soil status, growth characters, leaf yield, leaf quality, N, P and K uptake by leaves in 3-year-old recommended diploid 'Si ' and 'S 1635' mulberry (Monts alba L.) genotypes separately utilizing 2 types each of organic manure (vermicompost and farmyard manure) and biofertilizers (Azotobacter chroococcum Beyerinck and Glomus mosseae (T.H. Nicolson & Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe, green manuring with sunnhemp (Crotalaria jurzcea L.), 3 levels each of N, P and K in combination, spraying of a-naphthyl acetic acid (NAA) mixed micronutrients with 2 types each of different height of pruning (at ground level and 15 cm) and system of irrigation (flood and alternate furrow). Significant differences were observed among the treatments for all the parameters studied. Season x treatment interaction was found significant for plant height, N uptake and total soluble protein content in leaves of both 'S 1' and 'S 1635'. While branches /plant, leaf area, leaf moisture and total chPorophyll content in leaves of 'S I ', and leaf yield, K uptake and total soluble sugar content in leaves of 'S 1635' were also significant. Further, the year x treatment interaction was also found significant for branches 1 plant, P and K uptake by leaves and total soluble protein content in leaves of both 'S 1' and 'S 1635', while plant height and N uptake by leaves in 'S 1635'. However, plant height, branches 1 plant, leaf area, N, P and K uptake by leaves in both '5 1' and 'S 1635' and leaf yield in 'S 1' were found almost at par owing to application of recommended dose of farmyard manure and N, P and K (control). Some of the important growth and yield parameters recorded the maximum values in different treatment combinations and the leaf quality was significantly increased in all the treatments over control
Serious Gaming for Climate Adaptation—Assessing the Potential and Challenges of a Digital Serious Game for Urban Climate Adaptation

Serious gaming has gained increasing prominence in climate change communication, and provides opportunity to engage new audiences and new platforms for knowledge co-creation and dialogues. This paper presents the design and evaluation of a serious game on climate adaptation, primarily targeted towards high school students, practitioners and politicians. The game aims to provide an experience of the impact of climate adaptation measures, and illustrates links with selected Agenda 2030 goals, which the player has to consider, while limiting impacts of hazardous climate events. The game design builds on the key goals in Education for Sustainable Development combining comprehensive views, action competence, learner engagement and pluralism. This study draws on game sessions and surveys with high school students in Sweden, and aims to assess to what extent different aspects of the game can support an increased understanding of the needs and benefits of adaptation actions. The results of this study indicate that the game can engage players to reflect upon challenges related to climate adaptation decision making, but also point towards the challenge of including a high degree of complexity which can make it difficult to grasp consequences of individual measures, as well as to link these to the natural variability of the occurrence of extreme climatic events.