Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Content and Other Resources Recommendations for Individuals with Intellectual Disability: A Review

In this review paper, we look into how a recommendation system can be adapted to and support people with intellectual disability (ID). We start by reviewing and comparing the main classes of techniques for general-purpose content recommendation. Then, centering on individuals with ID, we collect information on their special needs that may be relevant to or affected by content recommendation tasks. We review the few existing recommendation systems specifically designed or adapted to the needs of this population and finally, based on the reviewed literature sources, we catalog the traits that a future content recommendation system should have in order to respond well to the identified special needs. We hope this listing of desirable traits and future directions in our concluding sections will stimulate research towards opening the doors to the digital world for individuals with ID.
Few- and many-nucleon systems with semilocal coordinate-space regularized chiral two- and three-body forces

We present a complete calculation of nucleon-deuteron scattering as well as ground and low-lying excited states of light nuclei in the mass range A=3-16 up through next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory using semilocal coordinate-space regularized two- and three-nucleon forces. It is shown that both of the low-energy constants entering the three-nucleon force at this order can be reliably determined from the triton binding energy and the differential cross section minimum in elastic nucleon-deuteron scattering. The inclusion of the three-nucleon force is found to improve the agreement with the data for most of the considered observables.
Yield performance and economics of wheat varieties under organic farming

Area under organic cultivation of wheat is increasing in India. Information on the yield performance and economic suitability of wheat varieties for organic farming in different agro climatic conditions is lacking. The present two year study was carried out during 2015 and 2016 to observe the yield performance of different varieties of bread, durum and local wheat under sub-humid conditions of southern plains and Aravalli Hills of Rajasthan. Results revealed that among the 12 varieties of wheat tested under organic production system, the maximum grain yield (56.39 q/ha) was obtained from durum wheat variety HI-8713 having 53.50 grains/ear followed by bread wheat variety MP-3288 (45.74 q/ha grain yield) bearing 51.67 grains/ear during both the years. Under organic production system the durum wheat variety HI-8713 recorded maximum net profit of ₹ 170700/ha which was higher by ₹ 68247, ₹ 79436 and ₹ 85055 over the commonly grown wheat varieties Raj-4037, Raj-3765 and Raj-4120, respectively.
Ocean Dynamics and the Inner Edge of the Habitable Zone for Tidally Locked Terrestrial Planets

Recent studies have shown that ocean dynamics can have a significant warming effect on the permanent night sides of 1:1 tidally locked terrestrial exoplanets with Earth-like atmospheres and oceans in the middle of the habitable zone. However, the impact of ocean dynamics on the habitable zone boundaries (inner edge and outer edge) is still unknown and represents a major gap in our understanding of this type of planet. Here, we use a coupled atmosphere–ocean global climate model to show that planetary heat transport from the day to nightside is dominated by the ocean at lower stellar fluxes and by the atmosphere near the inner edge of the habitable zone. This decrease in oceanic heat transport at high stellar fluxes is mainly due to weakening of surface wind stress and a decrease in surface shortwave energy deposition. We further show that ocean dynamics have almost no effect on the observational thermal phase curves of planets near the inner edge of the habitable zone. For planets in the habitable zone middle range, ocean dynamics move the hottest spot on the surface eastward from the substellar point. These results suggest that future studies of the inner edge may devote computational resources to atmosphere-only processes such as clouds and radiation. For studies of the middle range and outer edge of the habitable zone, however, fully coupled ocean–atmosphere modeling will be necessary. Note that due to computational resource limitations, only one rotation period (60 Earth days) has been systematically examined in this study; future work with varying rotation periods, as well as other parameters such as atmospheric mass and composition, is required.
Pre-Lens Tear Meniscus Height, Lipid Layer Pattern and Non-Invasive Break-Up Time Short-Term Changes with a Water Gradient Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens

To evaluate pre-lens tear film volume, stability and lipid interferometry patterns with a silicone hydrogel water content contact lens, a novel, noninvasive, ocular-surface-analyzer technology was used. A prospective, longitudinal, single-center, self-control study was performed in daily or monthly replacement silicone hydrogel contact lens wearers. A tear film analysis was achieved with the Integrated Clinical Platform (ICP) Ocular Surface Analyzer (OSA) from SBM System. The subjects were reassessed, with the contact lens, after 30 min of wearing to quantify the volume, stability and lipid pattern of the short-term pre-lens tear film. Lipid layer thickness decreased from 2.05 ± 1.53 to 1.90 ± 1.73 Guillon patterns (p = 0.23). First pre-lens NIBUT decreased from 5.03 ± 1.04 to 4.63 ± 0.89 s (p = 0.01). Mean pre-lens NIBUT significantly increased from 15.19 ± 9.54 to 21.27 ± 11.97 s (p < 0.01). Lid opening time significantly increased from 26.36 ± 19.72 to 38.58 ± 21.78 s (p < 0.01). The silicone hydrogel contact lens with water gradient technology significantly increased the mean pre-lens NIBUT and lid opening time. Lehfilcon A suggested an improvement in contact lens wearers with tear film instability or decreased subjective symptoms of dry eye disease.
Bridging the Scientific Gaps to Identify Effective Treatments in Adrenocortical Cancer

Simple Summary Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis and few treatment options. Surgery is the only curative option, but many patients present after the disease has become metastatic or recurs after surgery. There have been few advances in treatment since mitotane’s discovery in the 1960s, and it remains the only FDA-approved ACC treatment. This paper reviews the current treatment approaches, what we have recently learned about the disease, and the next steps needed to advance research and improve therapeutic options for this disease. Abstract Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) typically presents in advanced stages of disease and has a dismal prognosis. One of the foremost reasons for this is the lack of available systemic therapies, with mitotane remaining the backbone of treatment since its discovery in the 1960s, despite underwhelming efficacy. Surgery remains the only potentially curative option, but about half of patients will recur post-operatively, often with metastatic disease. Other local treatment options have been attempted but are only used practically on a case-by-case basis. Over the past few decades there have been significant advances in understanding the molecular background of ACC, but this has not yet translated to better treatment options. Attempts at novel treatment strategies have not provided significant clinical benefit. This paper reviews our current treatment options and molecular understanding of ACC and the reasons why a successful treatment has remained elusive. Additionally, we discuss the knowledge gaps that need to be overcome to bring us closer to successful treatment and ways to bridge them.
Mesh Segmentation Using the Platonic Solids

Mesh segmentation has become an important step in model understanding and can be used as a useful tool for different applications, for instance, modeling, computer aided design (CAD), and reverse engineering. In this paper, we present a novel application of the platonic solids to find direction vectors for grouping the surface mesh elements. Normal vectors of the faces of the selected platonic solid are defined as the direction vectors. Our algorithm divides a polygonal mesh into the color regions (segments) with polygonal elements with normals that correspond to the direction vectors. Results of experiments on real 3D models demonstrate the performance and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The original contribution in this paper is using normals of the faces of the platonic solids as the direction vectors for grouping mesh elements of the 3D surface meshes.
The Centers of Early-Type Galaxies with HST III: Non-Parametric Recovery of Stellar Luminosity Distributions

We have non-parametrically determined the luminosity density profiles and their logarithmic slopes for 42 early-type galaxies observed with HST. Assuming that the isodensity contours are spheroidal, then the luminosity density is uniquely determined from the surface brightness data through the Abel equation. For nearly all the galaxies in our sample, the logarithmic slope of the luminosity density measured at 0.1" (the innermost reliable measurement with the uncorrected HST) is significantly different from zero; i.e. most elliptical galaxies have cusps. There are only two galaxies for which an analytic core cannot be excluded. The distribution of logarithmic slopes at 0.1" appears to be bimodal, confirming the conclusion of Lauer et al. (1995) that early-type galaxies can be divided into two types based on their surface-brightness profiles; i.e., those with cuspy cores and those whose steep power-law profiles continue essentially unchanged in to the resolution limit. The peaks in the slope distribution occur at -0.8 and -1.9. More than half of the galaxies have slopes steeper than -1.0. Taken together with the recent theoretical work of Merritt & Fridman, these results suggest that many (and maybe most) elliptical galaxies are either nearly axisymmetric or spherical near the center, or slowly evolve due to the influence of stochastic orbits.
Characteristics and Dynamics of Smile in Patients With Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Versus Class I Malocclusion Using Still Digital Video Captures: A Three-Group, Cross-Sectional, Comparative Study

Background Smiling is one of the effective ways for people to express their feelings. It is an integral part of the diagnosis and planning and a key point of the treatment objectives in orthodontic care. Many factors are associated with a pleasant smile, such as correct anatomy, gingival health, and teeth proportion. Therefore, different malocclusion classes can affect the characteristics of smile esthetics. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of skeletal class II malocclusion on the characteristics and dynamics of the smile in the sagittal and frontal planes. Methodology The study sample included 60 patients comprising three groups of malocclusion classes, namely, Class I, Class II division 1, and Class II division 2. A video recording was taken for 5-10 seconds for each patient using a specific camera mounted at a fixed distance from the imaged face. Two facial expressions were captured for each patient, one representing the lips at rest and the second representing the unrestricted natural smile. The facial still images were derived from the streaming video recording, and two images were chosen for each plane (the frontal plane and the sagittal plane) for each patient. In total, 12 variables were assessed on these captured images. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to detect significant differences between the three groups. Results There were statistically significant differences in some of the measured variables. The mean values of thickness of the upper lip, commissure height, gum width, maxillary incisor display, and interlabial gap were greater in the Class II division 1 group than in the other two groups. The proclined incisors were evident in the Class II division 1 group, while the retroclined incisors were evident in the Class II division 2 group. Conclusions The skeletal Class II malocclusion influences the characteristics of the smile, either assessed on the anterior or lateral imaging angles, in addition to its influence on the resting position of the lips. Orthodontists should always analyze patients’ facial expressions, including those related to the upper and lower lips at rest and when patients smile naturally. Depending on the results of this analysis, treatment planning could be built to improve the characteristics of the natural smile in patients with Class I and Class II malocclusions.
Solution combustion synthesis derived Li4SiO4 for post-combustion carbon capture

ABSTRACT Lithium-based sorbents are considered as promising candidates for post-combustion carbon capture because of their superior stability compared to CaO. In the present study, Li4SiO4 powders were synthesized by Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) technique using LiNO3 as lithium source, TEOS as silicon source and citric acid as the fuel. CO2 sorption tests were carried out for the synthesized samples and, powder prepared at 650°C during 4 h, which has 17 µm of particle size, 5.2 m2 g−1 of specific surface area, 85.2% Li4SiO4 phase purity with 97 nm of crystallite size showed a sorption performance as 29.5 wt% CO2 uptake value, in thermobalance test under 92 vol% CO2 (N2 balance) gas concentration at 600°C. The sample had a CO2 uptake value of 21.4 wt% under 20 vol% CO2 concentration which was chosen to simulate industrial off-gas conditions. Also, the same sample showed a good cyclic durability during the sorption/desorption tests. The sample maintained its cyclic CO2 uptake capability range between 21 and 24 wt% for 15 cycles.
Variance Estimation under Two‐Phase Sampling

We consider the variance estimation of the weighted likelihood estimator (WLE) under two‐phase stratified sampling without replacement. Asymptotic variance of the WLE in many semiparametric models contains unknown functions or does not have a closed form. The standard method of the inverse probability weighted (IPW) sample variances of an estimated influence function is then not available in these models. To address this issue, we develop the variance estimation procedure for the WLE in a general semiparametric model. The phase I variance is estimated by taking a numerical derivative of the IPW log likelihood. The phase II variance is estimated based on the bootstrap for a stratified sample in a finite population. Despite a theoretical difficulty of dependent observations due to sampling without replacement, we establish the (bootstrap) consistency of our estimators. Finite sample properties of our method are illustrated in a simulation study.
Recherches sur la théorie des quanta

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Recherches sur la théorie des Quanta Louis de Broglie
Oxidative Stress and Its Modulation by Ladostigil Alter the Expression of Abundant Long Non-Coding RNAs in SH-SY5Y Cells

Neurodegenerative disorders, brain injury, and the decline in cognitive function with aging are accompanied by a reduced capacity of cells in the brain to cope with oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we focused on the response to oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y, a human neuroblastoma cell line. We monitored the viability of the cells in the presence of oxidative stress. Such stress was induced by hydrogen peroxide or by Sin1 (3-morpholinosydnonimine) that generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS). Both stressors caused significant cell death. Our results from the RNA-seq experiments show that SH-SY5Y cells treated with Sin1 for 24 h resulted in 94 differently expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including many abundant ones. Among the abundant lncRNAs that were upregulated by exposing the cells to Sin1 were those implicated in redox homeostasis, energy metabolism, and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., MALAT1, MIAT, GABPB1-AS1, NEAT1, MIAT, GABPB1-AS1, and HAND2-AS1). Another group of abundant lncRNAs that were significantly altered under oxidative stress included cancer-related SNHG family members. We tested the impact of ladostigil, a bifunctional reagent with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on the lncRNA expression levels. Ladostigil was previously shown to enhance learning and memory in the brains of elderly rats. In SH-SY5Y cells, several lncRNAs involved in transcription regulation and the chromatin structure were significantly induced by ladostigil. We anticipate that these poorly studied lncRNAs may act as enhancers (eRNA), regulating transcription and splicing, and in competition for miRNA binding (ceRNA). We found that the induction of abundant lncRNAs, such as MALAT1, NEAT-1, MIAT, and SHNG12, by the Sin1 oxidative stress paradigm specifies only the undifferentiated cell state. We conclude that a global alteration in the lncRNA profiles upon stress in SH-SY5Y may shift cell homeostasis and is an attractive in vitro system to characterize drugs that impact the redox state of the cells and their viability.
The Young Massive Star Cluster Westerlund 2 Observed with MUSE. I. First Results on the Cluster Internal Motion from Stellar Radial Velocities

Westerlund 2 (Wd2) is the central ionizing star cluster of the H ii region RCW 49 and the second most massive young star cluster ( ) in the Milky Way. Its young age (∼2 Myr) and close proximity to the Sun (∼4 kpc) makes it a perfect target to study stars emerging from their parental gas cloud, the large number of OB-stars and their feedback onto the gas, and the gas dynamics. We combine high-resolution multi-band photometry obtained in the optical and near-infrared with the Hubble Space Telescope, and Very Large Telescope/MUSE integral field spectroscopy to study the gas, the stars, and their interactions, simultaneously. In this paper we focus on a small, 64 × 64 arcsec2 region north of the main cluster center, which we call the Northern Bubble (NB), a circular cavity carved into the gas of the cluster region. Using MUSE data, we determined the spectral types of 17 stars in the NB from G9III to O7.5. With the estimation of these spectral types, we add 2 O and 5 B-type stars to the previously published census of 37 OB-stars in Wd2. To measure radial velocities we extracted 72 stellar spectra throughout Wd2, including the 17 of the NB, and show that the cluster-member stars follow a bimodal velocity distribution centered around (8.10 ± 1.53) km s−1 and (25.41 ± 1.57) km s−1 with a dispersion of (4.52 ± 1.78) km s−1 and (3.46 ± 1.29) km s−1, respectively. These are in agreement with CO(J = 1–2) studies of RCW 49 leaving cloud–cloud collision as a viable option for the formation scenario of Wd2. The bimodal distribution is also detected in the Gaia DR2 proper motions.
Periodic Averaging of Discrete-Time Systems: A Time-Delay Approach

This article is concerned with the stability of discrete-time systems with fast-varying coefficients that may be uncertain. Recently, a constructive time-delay approach to averaging was proposed for continuous-time systems. In this article, we develop, for the first time, this approach to discrete-time case. We first transform the system to a time-delay system with the delay being the period of averaging, which can be regarded as a perturbation of the classical averaged system. The stability of the original system can be guaranteed by the resulting time-delay system. Then, under assumption of the classical averaged system being exponentially stable, we derive sufficient stability conditions for the resulting time-delay system, and find a quantitative upper bound on the small parameter that ensures the exponential stability. Moreover, we extend our method to input-to-state stability analysis of the perturbed systems. Finally, we apply the approach to the practical stability of discrete-time switched affine systems, where an explicit ultimate bound in terms of the switching period is presented. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of results.
Floquet resonances close to the adiabatic limit and the effect of dissipation

We study the approach to the adiabatic limit in periodically driven systems. Specifically focusing on a spin-1/2 in a magnetic field we find that, when the parameters of the Hamiltonian lead to a quasi-degeneracy in the Floquet spectrum, the evolution is not adiabatic even if the frequency of the field is much smaller than the spectral gap of the Hamiltonian. We argue that this is a general phenomenon of periodically driven systems. Although an explanation based on a perturbation theory in ω0 cannot be given, because of the singularity of the zero frequency limit, we are able to describe this phenomenon by means of a mapping to an extended Hilbert space, in terms of resonances of an effective two-band Wannier–Stark ladder. Remarkably, the phenomenon survives in presence of dissipation towards an environment and can be therefore easily experimentally observed.
Community Perceptions on Environmental and Social Impacts of Mining in Limpopo South Africa and the Implications on Corporate Social Responsibility

ABSTRACT Perceptions of communities about mining and its impacts influence their relationship with mining companies in their vicinity. This study investigated the perceptions of communities on environmental and social impacts of nearby mines in Limpopo South Africa. Data was collected using a questionnaire administered to male and females above 18 years living in five villages located around the mine, and key informant interviews. Scores for perceptions on environmental impacts (3.17–3.26) were lower than those for perceptions of social impacts (4.86–4.89) on a scale where 1 represented positive perceptions, and 5, negative perceptions. Factors affecting perceptions on environmental impacts and social impacts differed but length of stay in the village was a common denominator. These negative perceptions may affect the relationship between the mine and surrounding communities and stand as a hindrance to the accomplishments of the goals of corporate social responsibility which forms the principle of operations of mines in the country.