Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biodecolorization of Anthraquinone and Azo Dyes by Newly Isolated Indonesian White-Rot Fungi

Water pollution by dyes represents from dyestuff industry becomes an environmental concern. Finding new isolates capable of decolorizing these dyes is important. The study aimed to assess the new isolates of white-rot fungi (WRF) as decolorizing agent of anthraquinone and azo dyes. Decolorization assay were conducted in Agar plates and liquid medium. During the decolorization, laccase activities produced by the fungal strains were analyzed. Identification of the fungal strains were investigated using molecular DNA analysis. The results showed that isolates M3, H18, and GP1 were able to decolorize anthraquinone and azo dyes in Agar and liquid medium. Based on DNA analysis, isolates M3, H18, and GP1 have the similarity to Trametes sanguinea, Trametes polyzona, and Neofomitella guangxiensis, respectively. Among the fungi, T. polyzona H18 exhibited high decolorization ability (70â€“90%) to the dyes (100 mg/L) after 96-hours incubation. Laccase activity was fluctuated during the reactions with tendency to increase at the beginning until its peak, then decreased at the end of incubation. This study demonstrated the potential of the new isolates from Indonesia to decolorize anthraquinone and azo dyes. The results of the study can provide an alteranative for bioremediation agents of contaminated water by synthetic dyes.
International Pressure, State Repression, and the Spread of Protest

We analyze strategic interactions between a state that decides whether to repress activists and the general public that decides whether to protest following repression. The public would like to support activists who demand beneficial reforms, but it is uncertain about both the merit of the activists’ demands and the intentions behind the state’s repression. Multiple equilibria arise, suggesting an important role for social norms, which provides a rationale for the conflicting empirical findings on the determinants of repression and reform. We show that international pressure, which directly reduces the state’s ability to repress, can indirectly increase repression by shifting the public’s belief in favor of the state, thereby reducing its incentive to protest. To protect legitimate activists or promote positive reforms, international pressure must be sufficiently strong. Lukewarm international commitments at best achieve nothing, and at worst crowd out domestic checks on repression, generating the opposite of their intended effects.
Antimicrobial effect of Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standley, against certain bacteria and fungal strains

This study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal potency of Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standley, commonly known as bottle gourd belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. Petroleum Ether, Chloroform, Methanol, Absolute alcohol and Water showed a majority of the compound including Steroids, Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Lactones and Carbohydrates. All the five extracts were prepared by using soxhlet apparatus and the extracts showed moderate to potent antimicrobial activity against the bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal strains: such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma harzianum.
Escherichia coli CONTAMINATION AND ITS RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS IN SE’I MEAT

The purpose of this study was to obtain Escherichia coli isolates from 11 se’i meat sellers in Kupang City and to observe their resistance to13 types of antibiotics. Escherichia coli were isolated and identified based on SNI 2897: 2008. Antibiotic resistance of the Escherichia colii isolates was determined using the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that 13 isolates (39.39%) of Escherichia coli in se’i meat samples had a high level of resistance to erythromycin (100%), tetracycline (76.92%), and doxycycline (61.54%). Isolates demonstrated increased resistance to streptomycin (46.15%), cephalothin (38.46%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (38.46%), amoxicillin (30.77%), chloramphenicol (30.77%), and choline sulfate (30.77%). The antibiotics nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin demonstrated low Escherichia coli resistance (7.69%). Escherichia coli are sensitive to cefotaxime and gentamicin. A total of 12 isolates (92.31%) experienced MDR. The presence of non-MDR and MDR resistant Escherichia coli in se’i meat can seriously threaten community health.
Lobectomy vs. sublobectomy for stage I non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis

Background Although lobectomy is widely regarded as the treatment of choice for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), sublobectomy (segmentectomy and wedge resection) has emerged as an alternative modality over the years. Only a handful of studies has compared the treatment effects of these two surgical interventions. This study aimed to analyze the treatment effects between lobectomy and sublobectomy on the survival outcomes of patients with stage I NSCLC systematically. Methods PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception up to February 2019 for studies that compared the survival outcomes of lobectomy and sublobectomy. Studies that reported the diagnosis of stage I NSCLC by imaging or pathophysiology, lobectomy as intervention, sublobectomy as control, and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) as outcomes were included. The mean OS and DFS rates were calculated using the fixed-effects model. Results A total of 12 studies that included 4,373 patients with stage I NSCLC were included in the meta-analysis. The patients who underwent lobectomy showed a significant improvement in OS than those who underwent sublobectomy (P=0.025). These results differed when stratified by publication year (before 2010 and after 2010), study design (prospective and retrospective), country (Eastern and Western), control (segmentectomy and wedge), and study quality (high and low), but no significant differences were observed in DFS. These results were not altered in the sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Conclusions Stage I NSCLC patients who undergo sublobectomy display poor OS, whereas the DFS is similar for both methods.
Perceived Stigma among Family Members of Persons Suffering from Mental Illness: A Narrative Exploration from West Bengal, India

In this paper, we report the findings of a qualitative study that, aims to understand the family members’ subjective experiences with perceived stigma of mental illness. The theoretical standpoint and the research method for the study employed are social constructivist theory and narrative inquiry respectively. We conducted semi-structured and in-depth interviews with family members and others accompanying patients to an outpatient unit of a psychiatric clinic. The professionals and the administrative staff at the clinic gave additional interviews. The constant comparative method was employed for the analysis of the narratives. The findings suggest the existence of perceived and direct stigma among family members. Family members shared their concerns relating to the disclosure of illness, its receptions, its interpretation by others, and the possible impact of the disclosure on the family. Professionals and staff at the clinic shared their perceptions regarding the manifestations of perceived stigma among families. In this study, we gathered an emic understanding of family stigma in the context of West Bengal, India. The findings are discussed in the context of current literature on stigma in India.
Nurses' Use of Non?pharmacological Interventions in Managing Common Risk Factors of Delirium in Critically Ill Patients

Incidence of delirium represented 32.3% since long in ICU settings, it might be higher. Other research showed the prevalence of delirium as high as 77% in ventilated burn patients. Incidence of delirium represented 32.3% since long in ICU settings, it might be higher. Other research showed the prevalence of delirium as high as 77% in ventilated burn patients. The incidence of delirium in the ICU ranged from 45% to 87%, this ratio appeared be different to the studied population exclusively to mechanically ventilated patients.
Tuning the Tensile Strength of Cellulose through Vapor-Phase Metalation

The infiltration of transition metals into biopolymers by means of vapor-phase processes has been shown to unusually change the bulk mechanical properties of those materials. Here, for the first time, a novel, single precursor infiltration process was applied to cellulose. The mechanical properties, as measured through uniaxial tensile testing, showed improvement as a function of the total number of infiltration cycles as well as the precursor used. For cellulose infiltrated with diethyl zinc with only four infiltration cycles, the ultimate tensile strength was seen to nearly double from ∼160 to ∼260 MPa. A significant increase was also seen in the elastic modulus, with values increasing ∼2.5×, from ∼1.8 to ∼4.5 GPa. In contrast, cellulose infiltrated with trimethyl aluminum showed very little improvement in mechanical properties. By choosing the appropriate precursor and/or number of cycles, the mechanical properties become tunable. The chemical changes in the cellulose structure were measured with Raman.
G-covering subgroup systems for the classes of finite soluble PST-groups

Abstract A finite group G is called a PST-group (respectively, PT-group, T-group) if every subnormal subgroup of G is Sylow permutable (respectively, permutable, normal) in G. Let be a class of group and G a finite group. Then, a set Σ of subgroups of G is called a G-covering subgroup system for the class if whenever We prove that: (i) If a set of subgroups Σ of G contains at least one supplement to each maximal subgroup of every Sylow subgroup of G, then, is a G-covering subgroup system for the class of all soluble PST-groups; (ii) if Σ is the set of all two-generated subgroups of G, then, is a G-covering subgroup system for the classes of all soluble PST-groups, all soluble PT-groups, and all soluble T-groups. We use these results to prove the following characterizations of soluble PT-groups and T-groups: Suppose that a set of subgroups Σ contains at least one supplement to each maximal subgroup of every Sylow subgroup of G. Then, G is a soluble PT-group (respectively, a soluble T-group) if and only if every subgroup in Σ is a soluble PT-group (respectively, a soluble T-group) and at least one of the nonidentity Sylow subgroups of G is an Iwasawa (respectively, a Dedekind) group.
The Effects of Post-Harvest Treatments on the Quality of Agastache aurantiaca Edible Flowers

Agastache spp. are used as ornamental plants for their pleasant aroma and the different colors of flowers. Nowadays, their edible flowers have become attractive for their nutraceutical properties. Post-harvest treatment appears as a crucial point to avoid impairment of the nutraceutical compounds and aroma, so different treatments were tested to analyze their effect on the bioactive metabolites and volatilome. Results indicated that freeze-drying was the best solution to prolong the shelf life of these flowers. The use of high temperatures (50, 60, 70 °C) led to altered the composition of antioxidant compounds (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids). Air-drying at 30 °C was a reasonable method, even though time consuming. Concerning the aroma profile, all samples were dominated by oxygenated monoterpene compounds. Pulegone was the main or one of the major constituents of all samples together with p-menthone. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry results showed a correlation between the temperature and the number of identified compounds. Both fresh and freeze-dried samples evidenced a lesser number (10 and 19, respectively); when the temperature raised, the number of identified constituents increased. Statistical analyses highlighted significant differences between almost all aromatic compounds, even if both Principal Component and Hierarchical Cluster analyses differed at 60 and 70 °C and from the other treatments.
Affective variables contributing to Indonesian EFL students’ willingness to communicate within face-to-face and digital environments

Abstract Literature has suggested the role of affective variables such as self-confidence, motivation, and anxiety in second and foreign language learners’ willingness to communicate in conventional language learning classrooms. However, little has been explored regarding the association of such affective variables inside and outside the classroom and digital environment. To this end, the current study modified the affective variables and replicated the methodological procedure of Lee and Hsieh’s study, who examined the relation between second language (L2) learner affective variables (i.e., self-confidence, anxiety, motivation, and grit) and their willingness to communicate in three different environments (i.e., in-class, out-of-class, and digital environment). A convenience sample of 436 secondary school and university students participated in the study and completed a survey that was administered online. Many of the participants were female (N = 323) and male (N = 113) aged between 10- and 25-years old. Quantitative data analyses using correlational and multiple regression were performed using a statistics software. Findings of the study revealed that all three affective variables; self-confidence, speaking anxiety, and motivation, were significant predictors for Indonesian EFL students’ WTC in both F2F (i.e., inside and outside classroom) and the digital environment. Students also were reported to have a higher level of WTC when participating in the digital communication than in F2F settings. The findings of the current study confirmed the earlier research on EFL students’ WTC in F2F and digital environment. While students’ WTC in the digital environment may vary depending on the delivery mode, for example, synchronous and asynchronous and communication discourse, i.e. written and oral communication, further research is needed to address these issues.
Traditional and Modern Convenience Samples: An Investigation of College Student, Mechanical Turk, and Mechanical Turk College Student Samples

Two of the most popular populations for convenience sampling used in the psychological sciences are college students and Mechanical Turk (MTurk) workers. College students represent a traditional type of convenience sample, whereas MTurk workers provide a more modern source of data. However, little research has examined how these populations differ from each other in salient characteristics. Additionally, no research to date has investigated how MTurk college students (a traditional sample collected using modern methods) compare to either population. The current study examined 1,248 participants comprising three samples: MTurk noncollege workers (n = 533), MTurk college students (n = 385), and traditional college students (n = 330). We compared the samples on demographic characteristics, study completion time, attention, and individual difference variables (i.e., personality, social desirability, need for cognition, personal values, and social attitudes). We examined the individual difference variables in terms of mean responses, internal consistency estimates, and subscale intercorrelations. Results indicated the samples were distinct from each other in terms of all variables assessed; in addition, adding demographic characteristics as covariates to the analyses of individual difference variables did not effectively account for sample differences. We conclude that research using convenience samples should take these differences into account.
Rasch Model for Assessing Propensity to Entomophagy

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations supports the production of edible insects as a promising and sustainable source of nutrients to meet the increasing demand for animal-derived products by the growing world population. Even if insects are part of the diet of more than two billion people worldwide, the practice of eating insects (entomophagy) raises challenging questions for Western countries where this is not a habit. The research applied the Rasch models and showed that, in the case of hunger or need, 70.8% of the sample declared that they would be willing to eat insects. The willingness to habitually consume and pay for insect food is very low, but the percentages are higher than people who had actually had insect tasting experiences. This demonstrates that a communication process is necessary that aims to overcome psychological/cultural barriers. Only in this way will it be possible to increase the propensity to consume insects.
Comparing Paper-Pencil and Computer-Based Tests: A Meta-Analysis Study in The Sample of Turkey

Purpose : With improvements in computer technologies and test implementations in the computer environment, when advantageous points of computer-based test implementations are considered, it is inevitable to compare psychometric characteristics of paper-and-pencil tests and computer-based tests and students’ success. In computer-based tests, individuals’ familiarity with computers and competency in using computers, conditions may show diversity depending on the country or region. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of mean differences between PP and CBT using meta-analysis concerning the studies, including samples from Turkey and conducted between 1993 and 2020.
Genome-wide association analysis for rice salt tolerance at seedling and reproductive stages

Background Salinity is one of the main adverse environmental factors severely inhibiting rice growth and decreasing grain productivity. Developing rice varieties with salt tolerance (ST) is one of the most economical approaches to cope with salinity stress. However, the valuable resources for rice breeding towards ST remain to be identified. In this study, the salt tolerance of 220 rice accessions from RDP1, representing five subpopulations, were evaluated at both seedling and reproductive stages. Results An apparent inconsistency was found for ST between the two stages. Through a gene-based / tightly linked genome-wide association study, a total of 214 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to 251 genes, significantly associated with 16 ST-related indices, were detected at both stages. Eighty-two SNPs with low frequency favorable (LFF) alleles in the population were proposed to hold high breeding potential in improving rice ST. Fifty-four rice accessions collectively containing all these LFF alleles were identified as donors of these alleles. Through the integration of meta-QTL for ST and the response patterns of differential expression genes to salt stress, thirty-one candidate genes were suggested to be involved in the regulation of rice ST. Conclusions In total, the present study provides valuable information for further characterizing ST-related genes and for breeding ST varieties across whole developmental stages through marker-assisted selection (MAS).
The role of social communication technologies in cognition and affect in older adults

Abstract Affect and cognition have both been associated with communication across one's social network during ageing. Thus, it is important to consider how communication varies by different aspects of one's social network, and by communication mode, including phone, email and social media. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between technology-mediated communication, depression and an executive function-related fluid-reasoning measure among older adults. Data were drawn from the Health and Retirement dataset's 2016 wave. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the link between communication modes (phone, email and social media) with children, family and friends with a fluid-reasoning cognition measure and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, controlling for demographic covariates, among 3,798 older American adults. Phone and email communication, but not social media, were significantly related to depression and cognition. The model fit was considerably stronger for the analyses with cognition than depression. Curvilinear associations were found for communication via phone and email with cognition, suggesting moderate amounts of communication by phone and email across social groups were most closely linked with higher scores on fluid reasoning. For depression, curvilinear relationships were found for talking on the phone with family and friends, and emailing for children and family, indicating that moderate communication levels revealed the lowest depression levels. Implications for how older adults’ social support may contribute to depression and cognition status are discussed.
Test of electric conductivity on the assessment of physiological quality of crambe seeds(Crambe abyssinica Hochst)

The study aimed to assess present the effects of water volume and imbibition periods on the application of electric conductivity test on crambe seeds. We used crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) seeds of 5 lots, FMS Brilhante cultivar, provided by the MS Foundation, from properties located in different locations of Mato Grosso do Sul State, produced on the 2012 harvest. We used randomized block designs with four replicates. For the characterization of the lots, we conducted germination tests and emergence speed index. Posteriorly, we performed the electric conductivity test, using 25oC as imbibition temperature, four volumes of water (20mL, 30mL, 40mL and 50mL) and 5 imbibition periods (30, 60, 120, 240 e 360 minutes). We observed that the higher the volume the lower the quantity of electrolytes liberated by the seeds. The electric conductivity test was efficient in order to assess the vigor of crambe seeds. The volumes of 20 and 30mL, with imbibition period of 240 minutes, were the most favorable conditions in the conduction of our test.
Hypolipidemic Activity of Ginkgo biloba Extract, EGb 761 in Hypercholesterolemic Wistar Rats

Cardiovascular diseases are becoming an increasing problem worldwide. Hypercholesterolemia has been implicated in causation of coronary heart disease. Oxidation of low density lipoprotein has been shown to be prevented by standardized Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761. Studies on the effect of Ginkgo biloba on serum lipid levels are lacking. Hence the present study was carried out to study the effect of EGb 761 on serum lipids in female wistar rats. The hypolipidemic effect was compared with a standard dose of lovastatin. The rats were divided into six groups of ten animals each. The first group was the normal control. The second group was given cholesterol (400 mg/kg) for 30 days. The third, fourth and fifth groups were given cholesterol and EGb 761 in the doses of 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively. The sixth group was given lovastatin (7.2 mg/kg) in addition to cholesterol. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoproteins were measured on days 0, 15 and 30. Serum levels on days 15 and 30 were compared using students paired t-test (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in serum cholesterol in both the lovastatin and the EGb 761 treated groups. EGb 761 did not produce a significant change in serum triglyceride and high density lipoprotein levels. The animal model used had limitations and further studies are required.