Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Technology of Copper-Based Red Glass Sectilia from the 2nd Century AD Lucius Verus Villa in Rome

This work aimed to investigate the origin of different red hues of Roman copper-based red opaque glass sectilia, to shed light on the production technology behind them. This objective was achieved by the depth study of the samples of glass sectilia, which decorated the villa of co-Emperor Lucius Verus (161–169 AD). These were selected for analysis due to their abundance, the certainty of their date and of their different red and orange hues. Using OM (optical microscopy), colourimetry and FORS (fibre optical reflectance spectroscopy) spectroscopy, four red and four orange hues were individuated. A set of representative samples for each hue was analysed by EPMA (electron probe microanalyses) to detect any correlation between colour and chemical composition. Crystalline phases were investigated through high-resolution FEG–SEM (field emission gun scanning electron microscope), μRaman spectroscopy and XRD, for the identification of colouring and opacifying agents and to understand how the different hues are affected by their shape, concentration and dimension. Sub-micrometric particles of metallic copper and cuprite crystals were identified as both the colouring and opacifying agents. These were not present in the same samples and were manufactured by two distinct colouring techniques, corresponding to two different glass chemical compositions. The size and the number of the colouring particles were the main factors that distinguished one hue from another. Although produced through different colouring techniques, some red samples appeared to be very similar to each other. These data enrich a period of the Roman age through some analyses and allow the identification of the type, as well as some of the production conditions of opaque red glass produced during 2nd century AD, which could be considered to be a period of transition from one technology to another.
Antifungal Activity of Plant Extracts against Post-harvest Fungal Pathogens

Recently, the exploitation of natural plant products to control decay and prolong storage life of perishables has received more and more attention (Kamlesh Mathur et al., 2007; Archana Singh et al., 2008; Babu et al., 2008; Jeeva Ram and Thakore, 2009; Chandra and Mahesh, 2013). Biologically active natural products have the potential to replace synthetic fungicides. Plant extracts and essential oils are source of antifungal activity against a wide range of fungi (Anuradha Bandopadyay, 2008; Combrinck et al., 2011). A rapid assay to determine antifungal activity in both plant extracts and essential oils has recently been described by Wilson et al. (1997b; Ghasolia et al., 2008; Devchand Salam et al., 2009; Combrinck et al., 2011). Use of oils in the control of plant diseases is of recent development. Some of the advantages of use of oils are low cost, excellent spreading and sticking properties to plant surface and no toxicity towards man and are co-friendly with the nature. The use of oils in the control of plant diseases have been reported by Mishra et al., (1995), Jain and Pathak, (1998), Bernand et al. (1999), Vandanapandey et al. (2002), Sastry (2002), Rattanapitigorn et al., 2006, Achour et al., (2008) and Saban et al., (2009; Combrinck et al., 2011). The efficacy of plant products against post-harvest fungi was found to vary with concentrations used as reported (Madan International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 1 (2017) pp. 669-679 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Albizia masikororum R.Vig., a Fabaceae from Madagascar

This study is aimed at the assessment of antimicrobial potential of Albizia masikororum, a Malagasy Fabaceae. Hexanic and methanolic extracts from fruit pods, stem bark, leaves and seeds were tested by disc diffusion and microdilution methods on 10 pathogenic microorganisms including four Gram positive bacteria, five Gram negative bacteria and one yeast. Only the leaf and seed methanolic extracts, LME and SME respectively, were active on some bacteria. LME and SME had a broad-spectrum activity, with SME more effective. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of both extracts were <1000 µg/ml of which 30% <100 µg/ml, 20% between 100 and 500 µg/ml and 50% between 500 and 1000 µg/ml. SME MICs ranked from 6.10 µg/ml (Streptococcus pneumoniae) to 781.25 µg/ml (Yersinia enterocolitica) and those of LME from 97.65 µg/ml (Streptococcus pneumoniae) to 781.25 µg/ml (Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Yersinia enterocolitica). LME was bactericidal on all sensitive bacteria whereas SME was bactericidal on some and bacteriostatic on others. Both extracts contained different chemical groups known for their antimicrobial properties, saponins in SME and phenolic compounds in LME. Key words: Albizia masikororum, antimicrobial activity, disc diffusion method, microdilution method, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration.
Data Science Opportunities at Central Banks: Overview

This paper reviews the main streams of Data Science algorithm usage at central banks and shows their rising popularity over time. It contains an overview of use cases for macroeconomic and financial forecasting, text analysis (newspapers, social networks, and various types of reports), and other techniques based on or connected to large amounts of data. The author also pays attention to the recent achievements of the National Bank of Ukraine in this area. This study contributes to the building of the vector for research the role of Data Science for central banking.
Genetic variation and effective population size of a Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engler) Fr. Allem. provenance and progeny test

ABSTRACT Ex situ conservation of tree species in provenance and progeny tests allow the estimation of genetic parameters for quantitative traits and are also useful for tree breeding programs. This study aimed at estimating the genetic variability of provenance and progeny test of Myracrodruon urundeuva and providing subsidies for ex situ conservation and the use of germplasm in breeding programs. We also estimated the variance effective population size () of seeds sampled from this test, simulating six different scenarios for test management and seed collection strategies. We estimated genetic parameters for diameter at breast height (DBH), total height, volume and fork in 31-year-old provenance and progeny test established with 91 open-pollinated progenies from five provenances, allocated in a compact family block design at Pederneiras Experimental Station, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The genetic-statistical analysis was based on REML/BLUP procedure. Significant genetic differences were detected only among progenies within provenances. Individual heritability was high for DBH, height, and volume. We hypothesize that inter-tree competition inflated these estimations and have, consequently, overrated the estimates for genetic gain. Thus, this test should be mainly used for conservation purposes. The estimates for varied considering different scenarios, showing that female gametic control is the best strategy to achieve higher gains on , being an important suggestion for the management and seed collection strategies in dioecious species as M. urundeuva.
Distributed Parameter Detection in Massive MIMO Wireless Sensor Networks Relying on Imperfect CSI

Distributed parameter detection is conceived for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where multiple sensors collaborate to detect the presence/ absence of a spatially correlated parameter. Neyman-Pearson (NP) and generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT)-based detectors are developed at the fusion center (FC) for known and unknown parameter detection scenarios, respectively. More explicitly, the GLRT detector also has to estimate the unknown parameter value. Closed-form expressions are derived for the probabilities of detection <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(P_{D})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and false alarm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(P_{FA})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in order to characterize the performance of the proposed schemes. Furthermore, the optimal sensor transmit gains are determined for maximising the detection performance attained. An asymptotic performance analysis is carried out for determining the gain scaling laws for the massive MIMO WSN considered, when the number of antennas tends to infinity. The proposed framework is also extended to the realistic imperfect channel knowledge scenario at the FC, followed by the development of the associated fusion rules and analytical results to characterize the performance. Our simulation results closely tally the theoretical findings.
A centilitre-scale vacuum chamber for compact ultracold quantum technologies

Oliver S. Burrow, Paul F. Osborn, Edward Boughton, Francesco Mirando, David P. Burt, Paul F. Griffin, Aidan S. Arnold, ∗ and Erling Riis Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom TMD Technologies Ltd, Swallowfield Way, Hayes UB3 1DQ, United Kingdom Kelvin Nanotechnology Ltd., 70 Oakfield Ave, Glasgow, G12 8LS, United Kingdom Kelvin Nanotechnology, 70 Oakfield Ave, Glasgow, G12 8LS, United Kingdom (Dated: January 21, 2021)
A Multiskill, 5-Week, Online Positive Emotions Training for Student Well-Being

The aim of this 5-week Positive Emotions Project (PEP) is to teach students simple emotional well-being techniques in an online course. I adapted a clinical intervention that Moskowitz et al. developed for chronically ill patients. The adapted training proved to be effective for academic purposes. In this instructional innovation article, I provide detailed instructional materials, and explain how to set up and conduct the training. Students read simple instructions at the start of every week, for 5 consecutive weeks. Each week focuses on one or two new techniques. I collected data and present evidence of effectiveness. A secondary take-away from the study is to use multiskill interventions, since not all the eight techniques taught through PEP were endorsed equally for future use; feeling gratitude, setting attainable goals, acts of kindness, savoring positive events, and self-affirmation were the most popular PEP skills, whereas mindfulness was the least popular.
Effective Methods to Improve the Biocompatibility of Poly (dimethylsiloxane)

Poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) has become one of the popular materials in the field of bio-related microfluidic systems, and has been used for various biological assays. While the material is known to be biocompatible in general, it also has been reported that the attachment and survival rate of cells are limited on a PDMS substrate. In this paper, a simple and relevant method to improve the biocompatibility of PDMS is proposed; the effects of various treatments using ethanol, water, and boiling-water were evaluated. The results show that the boiling-water treatment is the most appropriate, time saving, and simple method to improve the biocompatibility of PDMS.
Critical minimum temperature limits xylogenesis and maintains treelines on the Tibetan Plateau

Physiological and ecological mechanisms that define treelines are still debated. It is suggested that the absence of trees above the treeline is caused by the low temperature that limits growth. Thus, we raise the hypothesis that there is a critical minimum temperature (CTmin) preventing xylogenesis at treeline. We tested this hypothesis by examining weekly xylogenesis across three and four growing seasons in two natural Smith fir (Abies georgei var. smithii) treeline sites on the south-eastern Tibetan Plateau. Despite differences in the timing of cell differentiation among years, minimum air temperature was the dominant climatic variable associated with xylem growth; the critical minimum temperature (CTmin) for the onset and end of xylogenesis occurred at 0.7±0.4 °C. A process-based-modeled chronology of tree-ring formation using this CTmin was consistent with actual tree-ring data. This extremely low CTmin permits Smith fir growing at treeline to complete annual xylem production and maturation and provides both support and a mechanism for treeline formation.
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Yolk Sac Diameter and Shape in the First Trimester of Pregnancy and Its Relation to Pregnancy Outcome

Background: Transvaginal sonography is used to assess the viability of first-trimester pregnancy. Significant data regarding normal and abnormal ultrasonographic measurements of the yolk sac (YS). The study aimed to know pregnancy outcome by assessing the role of ultrasonographic evaluation of yolk sac diameter and its shape in the first trimester. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Zagazig University Hospitals on 72 pregnant women in their first trimester of pregnancy. All pregnant women in their first trimester of pregnancy referred by the Department of Obstetrics for transvaginal sonography. All pregnancies with an abnormal appearing yolk sac were re-evaluated by sonography after two weeks. Results: The mean age was 26.9±3.9 years. It was found that there was no significant relationship between maternal age and pregnancy outcome. Regarding the absence of the yolk sac. It was not visualized in three cases, and all of them aborted later. Total mean YSD ± S.D was 3.7±1.8 mm, seen in GA from 6-9th weeks and there was no significant difference between the studied groups as regard YSD. Regarding normal YSD with the abnormal outcome, three cases with a normal YSD and regular morphology aborted after the 8 th week of gestation. Regarding large-sized YSD, it was found in three cases; two cases ended in a missed miscarriage at 8th week with YSD 8.4 mm and 8.2 mm respectively. In contrast, the third one with YSD 6.8 mm finally continued beyond 20 weeks with no demonstrable fetal anomalies. Regarding small-sized YSD; it was found in one case which ended in missed abortion at 7th week. Regarding the shape of the YS, an echogenic YS was detected in one case. Conclusion: The yolk sac diameter and shape as a sole parameter is a poor predictor for pregnancy outcome beyond 20 weeks and may be related to early pregnancy loss only. If any abnormality is observed, close follow up with ultrasonography is recommended for these pregnancies.
EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND FUTURE EARNINGS

Abstract This research is aimed to examine the moderating effect of the cost of earnings management on the relationship between earnings management and future earnings. Research samples are manufacture companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013-2015. The cost of accruals earnings management is auditor quality, while the costs of real earnings management are the market share and financial health. Based on the fixed effect regression test, auditor quality strengthens the positive effect of accruals earnings management on future performance, while market share and financial health weaken the negative effect of real earnings management on future earnings. It indicates that in the context of efficient contracting, high quality auditor provide better signal for earnings prediction compared to the low quality auditor. In addition, higher market share and higher financial health limit opportunistic real earnings management to reduce future earnings.
Mathematical Modeling for Neuropathic Pain: Bayesian Linear Regression and Self-Organizing Maps Applied to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A better understanding of the connection between risk factors associated with pain and function may assist therapists in optimizing therapeutic programs. This study applied mathematical modeling to analyze the relationship of psychological, psychophysical, and motor variables with pain, function, and symptom severity using Bayesian linear regressions (BLR) and self-organizing maps (SOMs) in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The novelty of this work was a transfer of the symmetry mathematical background to a neuropathic pain condition, whose symptoms can be either unilateral or bilateral. Duration of symptoms, pain intensity, function, symptom severity, depressive levels, pinch tip grip force, and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) over the ulnar, radial, and median nerve trunks, the cervical spine, the carpal tunnel, and the tibialis anterior were collected in 208 women suffering from CTS. The first BLR model revealed that symptom severity, PPTs over the radial nerve, and function had significant correlations with pain intensity. The second BLR showed that symptom severity, depressive levels, pain intensity, and years with pain were associated with function. The third model demonstrated that pain intensity and function were associated with symptom severity. The SOMs visualized these correlations among variables, i.e., clinical, psychophysical, and physical, and identified a subgroup of women with CTS exhibiting worse clinical features, higher pressure sensitivity, and lower pinch tip grip force. Therefore, the application of mathematical modeling identified some interactions among the intensity of pain, function, and symptom severity in women with CTS.
Is long-term ABA therapy abusive: A response to Sandoval-Norton and Shkedy

Abstract Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a common treatment for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In a recent volume of this journal, Sanvodal-Norton and Shkedy (2019) published a criticism of behavior analysis including the professionals and entire field as a discipline—of demonstrating unethical behavior, creating prompt dependency in the learners, destroying internal motivation, and refusing to collaborate with new and other treatment philosophies. The current paper is a response to the these claims by providing several examples of peer-reviewed studies that contradicts the authors’ arguments, and summarizing the information of the included study’s findings by and other objective. The primary purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that, contrary to the perspectives of Sanvodal-Norton and Shkedy (2019), ABA is scientific approach that identifies environmental variables that influence socially significant behaviors and develop strategies to cause behavior change that is practical and applicable, improve educational outcomes, and provide real-life support for parents and families who are seeking treatment for their loved one with ASD. In doing so, this paper will demonstrate that ABA is an efficacious approach that is supported by numerous scientific studies in the peer-reviewed literature
Principal authentic leadership and teacher engagement in Kuwait’s educational reform context

Scholars have asserted that a school principal’s authentic leadership can raise the engagement of teachers under their charge. This paper delves into this consideration, within the context of Kuwaiti educational reform, by investigating the extent to which principal authentic leadership (PAL) affects teacher engagement (TE) by enhancing their occupational self-efficacy (OSE). The study used a non-experimental, predictive survey design, obtaining data from 333 teachers in 25 primary schools in Kuwait. The study tested a set of hypotheses drawn from a conceptualized model developed from previous research studies using structural equation modelling (SEM). Results indicated the validation of this model describing how PAL affects teacher OSE and TE. Data analysis from this study indicated that PAL has a significant, positive effect upon TE, as does OSE. Furthermore, OSE mediates the relationship between PAL and TE. These findings contribute to our understanding for the effects of authentic leadership in Kuwait. As such, this study offers insight into how Kuwaiti policymakers may improve and support school leadership practices to realize the aims of the nation’s educational reform goals. Additionally, this study builds upon, and extends, the foundations established in earlier research endeavours regarding school principal leadership within centralized education systems and outside Western society.
Effect of sub-lethal concentration of Azadirachta indica on biology and weight of Spodoptera litura on cauliflower under laboratory conditions

The larvae were collected from vegetable fields and reared on cauliflower leaves under laboratory conditions to check the mortality and sub-lethal effects of neem oil were comprised of different five concentrations and compared with control (distilled water) on surviving of Spodoptera litura on 4th instar larvae at constant temperature of 26±2 oC and 50-60 RH%. Such doses, 2500, 2000, 1500, 1000 and 500 ppm were dissolved in one litter of water and each treatment was replicated three times. The maximum mortality was observed (50.00±5.77; at 2500 ppm)% and highest larval weight reduction (50.32±0.06; at 2000 ppm), pupal weight was highly reduced (30.43±0.93; at 2500 ppm) with the highest total life period (39.03±0.56; at 2500 ppm) thus, the lowest fertility percentage of female was recorded (56.56±1.74; at 2500 ppm) of S. litura. It was concluded that the neem oil was effective by their sub-lethal concentrations however, most preference can be given to which, caused highly sub-lethal effects on the biology of pest.
Drivers of Fuel Choice for Cooking among Uganda’s Households

This paper examines the factors that Uganda’s households consider when making fuel choices for cooking and investigates the key drivers of fuel choice. The study adopts a quantitative cross sectional research design. The dependent variable of the empirical model is a qualitative response variable which defines three mutually exclusive and highly differentiated discrete choices for cooking fuels, namely: the traditional fuel (firewood), the transitional fuel (charcoal), and the modern (LPG & electricity). Results from the study show that the most important drivers of fuel choice for cooking in Uganda’s households are: household income, age of household head, gender of household head, marital status, education levels of household head and location of a household. Results also reveal high dependency of firewood as cooking energy source among households in Uganda.
Social media dissidence and activist resistance in Zimbabwe

Dissidents exist in every nation, always have, and perhaps always will – existing in that risky space between being patriots and being enemies of the state. Social media, on the other hand, is a fairly recent tool of communication defined by its heightened ductility in the hands of users. The admixture of social media and political dissidence has thrown many governments in a ceaseless panic, reflected in the raft of legislation enacted to control and constrain cyber activities. This paper studied the ‘social media dissidence’ phenomenon in Zimbabwe in the period 2016 within the context of digital media and the publics in Africa. The periodization understudy is noticeable because it bore witness to a variety of unsettling acts by individuals that provoked panicked responses from the state. Using qualitative data drawn from Facebook and Twitter and deploying Mamdani’s citizen and subject, the study examines the nature of the born-digital dissidence in a sample of two cases, #ThisFlag and #Tajamuka. The paper establishes the possibilities and limitations of deploying social media as a tool for expressing protest and dissidence. The study found that social media dissidence is marked by constant fluidity, transmogrification, crests, and troughs.