Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple low‐frequency and rare HLA‐B allelic variants are associated with reduced risk in 1,105 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in Hunan province, southern China

In our study, 1,105 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and 1,430 normal controls recruited from Hunan province, southern China were typed for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐B locus by Sanger sequencing exons 2–4. Besides confirming the NPC association with HLA‐B*46:01 allele, HLA‐A*02:07‐B*46:01 and HLA‐A*33:03‐B*58:01 haplotypes (all positive), and HLA‐B*13 lineage (negative), all of which were relatively common, strong negative associations were observed for five low‐frequency and rare alleles or lineages, including HLA‐B*07, ‐B*27:04, ‐B*39, ‐B*51:02 and ‐B*55:02, with odds ratio (OR) ranging from 0.16 to 0.3 (all pcorrected < 0.05). These strong protective associations were independent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between HLA‐A and HLA‐B loci. Further analysis indicated a single amino acid change from histidine to tyrosine at residue 171 is probably crucial for the mutant allele, HLA‐B*51:02, to mediate resistance to NPC. A subset of NPC cases (n = 821) and normal controls (n = 1,035) were tested for antivirus capsid antigen immunoglobulin A (anti‐VCA IgA), which differed drastically between the two groups [67.7% vs. 5.5%, OR (95% confidence interval) = 36 (26.55–48.81), p < 0.0001]. HLA‐B allelic variation did not associate with seropositivity for anti‐VCA IgA in either group. Results from our study show, more clearly than previously, the existence of a cluster of low‐frequency and rare HLA‐B variants conferring low, or very low risk to NPC, a phenomenon not observed in other ethnic groups. Our data shed new insights into genetic susceptibility to NPC in southern Chinese populations. Future independent studies are warranted to replicate the findings reported in our study.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Association of Magnetoencephalographically Measured High-Frequency Oscillations in Visual Cortex With Circuit Dysfunctions in Local and Large-scale Networks During Emerging Psychosis

IMPORTANCE Psychotic disorders are characterized by impairments in neural oscillations, but the nature of the deficit, the trajectory across illness stages, and functional relevance remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To examine whether changes in spectral power, phase locking, and functional connectivity in visual cortex are present during emerging psychosis and whether these abnormalities are associated with clinical outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-sectional study, participants meeting clinical high-risk criteria for psychosis, participants with first-episode psychosis, participants with affective disorders and substance abuse, and a group of control participants were recruited. Participants underwent measurements with magnetoencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging. Data analysis was carried out between 2018 and 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Magnetoencephalographical activity was examined in the 1-to 90-Hz frequency range in combination with source reconstruction during a visual grating task. Event-related fields, power modulation, intertrial phase consistency, and connectivity measures in visual and frontal cortices were associated with neuropsychological scores, psychosocial functioning, and clinical symptoms as well as persistence of subthreshold psychotic symptoms at 12 months. RESULTS The study participants included those meeting clinical high-risk criteria for psychosis (n 32 26 (mean 24 [4.2] 16 38 participants with affective disorders and substance 49 age [SD], 23 [3.6] Clinical first-episode
People powered primary care: learning from Halton

Purpose A community-centred approach to health called Community Wellbeing Practices (CWP) is being offered to patients at all 17 GP practices in Halton in order to respond more appropriately to patients’ social needs, which are often an underlying reason for their presentation at primary care services. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Delivered in partnership with a local social enterprise this approach is centred on the integration of community assets and non-medical community-based support provided by the voluntary, community and social enterprise sector. The core elements include community navigation, social prescribing and social action approaches. Findings The CWP initiative has supported more than 5,000 patients over the last four years and has evidenced demonstrable improvements in a range of health and social outcomes for patients. Research limitations/implications The initiative has been well received by clinicians and social care professionals and has contributed to a cultural transformation in the way health and care professionals are responding to the identified needs of the community. Practical implications Using community-centred approaches in this way may help to augment clinical outcomes as well as reduce demand on over stretched public services. Social implications Community-centred models such as the one in Halton have the potential to empower citizens to play an active role in creating healthier communities by catalysing a “people powered” social movement for health. Originality/value The CWP model in Halton is a good example of the way community-centred approaches to health can be integrated with health and care pathways to augment clinical outcomes and reduce demand on over stretched services.
Perianal Hidradenitis Suppurativa* A Clinical and Pathologic Study

HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissues in those regions in which apocrine sweat glands are said to be found, namely the axitla, about the areola of the breast, in the inguinal regions, about the external genitalia and in the perianal region a,-a, ~:~ Late in its course, the disease is characterized by the formation of subcutaneous abscesses, fistulas and sinuses, '-'~ and by cutaneous scarring. As is true in most conditions that neither represent a ~'eat threat to life nor afflict large numbers of people, this disease has not attracted widespread attention among physicians. Most of the reports concerning hidradenitis represent impressions based on a relatively narrow clinical experience. It is the purpose of this paper to present the results of a clinical and pathologic study of a sizeable group of cases of hidradenitis, comparing our findings with comparable data gleaned from the literature.
A Role for Nurse Practitioners

Disparities in rural health care are associated with poor patient outcomes. There is a need to further evaluate opportunities to bridge the gaps and improve rural health care. This descriptive, exploratory study examined the current and potential expanded use of nurse practitioners (NPs) in rural hospitals of one Midwestern state. Surveys (N = 136) were mailed to chief executive officers (n = 68) and chief nursing officers (n = 68) of rural hospitals in Nebraska with a response rate of 57.3% and 80.8%, respectively. The majority of respondents represented critical access hospitals. A convenience sample of NPs (N = 19) who practiced in rural communities also completed written surveys. Findings identified potential opportunities to expand the use of NPs to provide emergency department coverage and inpatient hospital management of patients in rural hospitals. Education and training of NPs need to include the essential critical thinking and skill sets to manage these types of health care needs.
Detection of t(11;18) in MALT-Type Lymphoma With Dual-Color Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Reverse Transcriptase–Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis

t(11;18) is a recurrent chromosomal abnormality observed in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type lymphoma. API2 and MLT genes have been implicated. The authors devised a dual-color interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) system to detect splitting of 11q22 and its fusion with 18q21. Subjects were 44 cases of extranodal lymphoma and cases of primary macroglobulinemia. Whenever RNA was available, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction followed by sequence analysis was performed. Positive cases by dual-color FISH analysis were restricted to MALT-type lymphoma and one case of primary macroglobulinemia. Among 24 cases of MALT-type lymphoma, 14 (58%) (4 gastric, 5 pulmonary, 3 orbital, 1 salivary, and 1 thyroid lymphomas) had splitting of the 11q22 region probes and fusion of signals suggesting the translocation of chromosome 11 and 18. Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the API2/MLT gene fusion in 9 of 10 cases. Sequence analyses showed three different modes of involvement of the MLT gene, whereas the breakpoint at API2 was the same. Monoclonal component of serum immunoglobulin M was observed in 3 of 14 positive cases for the translocation. Direct visualization using dual-color FISH on samples serves as a molecular tool for management of MALT-type lymphoma with API2/MLT gene fusion.
A 20-Year Followup Study

Between 1976 and 1979, 220 total knee replacements were done on 164 patients using the Total Condylar Knee replacement. The diagnosis was rheumatoid arthritis in 111 knees and osteoarthritis in 109 knees. Patients with 157 knees are known to have died as of December 1998, leaving 63 knees in patients who are still alive. Twelve patients with 18 knees were lost to followup. The average 20-year followup data (range, 18–22 years) are presented for 45 knees in 30 patients using Knee Society evaluations. The average Knee Society clinical score for the surviving patients was 88 points, and the average functional score was 58 points. The radiographic followup averaged 19 years. The average overall alignment was 3 valgus. Femoral lucencies were present in 17 of 40 adequate lateral views, most commonly about the anterior and posterior surfaces. Two femoral components were loose. Twenty-two tibial components had radiolucencies; four radiolucencies were circumferential. The remaining 41 knees retained a well-fixed cemented central peg despite proximal interface lucencies. From the group of 220 knees, 14 revisions have been done at an average of 11.4 years postoperative. Two knee replacements were revised for isolated tibial loosening, whereas one knee replacement had isolated femoral loosening. Three knee replacements were revised for loosening of both components, and one was revised for isolated patellar loosening. Four patients had sepsis develop; three of these four patients were treated with two-stage revision, and one underwent fusion. Three patients were treated for supracondylar fractures. The Total Condylar Knee replacement maintains excellent durability at 20-years followup.
SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS ECP dietary advice on cancer prevention

A century ago, the major causes of mortality in Northern Europe were infectious diseases such as typhoid, cholera, whooping cough, diphtheria, tuberculosis, etc., and cancer was only a minor cause of mortality. At that time, life expectancy was approximately 50 years or less. Although those infectious diseases are still major causes of mortality in the developing world, they are no longer common in Northern Europe. Here, they have been conquered by prevention, not treatment. If you were unlucky enough to catch typhoid fever now, although you would probably not die, you would be very ill. However, you are unlikely to get the disease because it has been prevented. With the conquest of so many infectious diseases by public health measures, new causes of mortality have moved to the top of the list, principally heart disease and cancer. Life expectancy has increased dramatically and we can now expect to live for 70 years or more long enough to have to worry about cancer. Although modern palliation helps, and although the treatment of cancer is constantly improving, cancer remains an extremely unpleasant disease. However, cancer has a long latency and the risk of disease progressing to the point where it becomes symptomatic is determined by exposures over a number of decades. This makes it difficult to determine cause, and therefore to devise means of prevention. However the problems should not be insurmountable.
Serum BUN and creatinine estimation in patients of overt hypothyroidism: a case control study

Background: Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid or low thyroid is a common endocrine disorder characterized by low serum T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine) and raised TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone). Thyroid hormones are involved in renal development and hemodynamic, kidney structure and GFR (glomerular filtration rate). Aim of this study was to see the alteration of basic renal markers in patients of hypothyroidism. Methods: A total of seventy subjects were included in the study. Thirty-five were patients of hypothyroidism and thirty-five were age and sex matched normal controls. Serum T3, T4, TSH, creatinine and BUN (blood urea nitrogen) were estimated in both groups. Results: Serum T3, T4 were significantly decreased and TSH was significantly raised among cases as compared to controls. Mean value of serum creatinine and BUN were within normal range in both the groups but these values were significantly raised among cases as compared to controls with p value 0.02 and 0.003 respectively. Also, there was positive correlation of TSH with BUN and creatinine among cases. Conclusions: Hypothyroidism is associated with deranged renal function.
PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSEPSI APOTEKER TERHADAP SISTEM PELAPORAN MONITORING EFEK SAMPING OBAT (MESO) DI APOTEK WILAYAH KOTA YOGYAKARTA

The importance of pharmacovigilance activity is the Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reporting system. Many pharmacists who do not report ADR incident and number of ADR indicated that more knowledge and good perception of ADR is needed. This study was aimed at investigating the knowledge and perception of pharmacists towards the ADR reporting system of Community Pharmacists in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. Cross sectional study design was conducted to community pharmacists (n=275) in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia on the period of November 2016 to March 2017. All data were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software V.16. 0. Results were reported as frequency, and we used cross tabulation. The questionnaire consisted of questions about the sociodemographic characteristics of the Pharmacists. Furthermore, questionnaire with nine and eight points for assessing knowledge and perception about ADR Reporting System in Indonesia was used. The response rate of community pharmacists reached 36% (n = 100). A majority of the respondent was female (81%) and respondents of age group 20–30 years were predominantly (55%). Most of the respondents was graduated as pharmacist (85%), in the graduation year of 2010-2016 (55%). Most of the pharmacist had 1-5 years of work experience (44%) and never get pharmacovigilance training (86%). Most of the pharmacists had fair knowledge ( 40%) and fair perception (65%) towards the ADR reporting system. Pharmacovigilance training and last education of community pharmacists could influence the pharmacists’ knowledge (p: 0.00 and 0.013, respectively). Moreover, there was no significant association between pharmacists’ knowledge and perception (p > 0.496).
Dental caries and its association with present day dietary patterns: a cross-sectional study

Oral health is an integral part of general health and wellbeing. Dental caries, one of the most prevalent diseases afflicting the human beings, poses a major public health problem all over the world over due to its universal prevalence and insidious nature. It is a transmissible, complex biofilm disease that creates prolonged periods of low pH in the mouth, which results in net mineral loss from the teeth. Information on the epidemiological figures of dental caries of a population at a given point of time is a fundamental requirement which updates our knowledge on the changing trends of the disease, its treatment needs and helps in understanding the ways and means to prevent its onset, limit its progression and consequences. A number of epidemiological studies conducted throughout the world have shown that dental caries is universally distributed, however its severity varies within and between the populations. ABSTRACT
Late introduction of low dose resveratrol and grape powder after estradiol depletion does not restore glucose tolerance in the ovariectomized rat.

Background: Estrogen (E2) loss is associated with insulin resistance. Natural compounds such as resveratrol (RESV) have potential insulin sensitizing effects. Grape pomace powder (GP) also contains RESV and other antioxidants. However, the ability of realistic, attainable concentrations of RESV and GP to reverse glucose intolerance in E2 deficient rats has not yet been explored. Purpose: The aim of the current study was to determine whether RESV and GP, in realistic amounts that could be achieved with supplementation, would be effective in restoring glucose tolerance in the ovariectomized (OVX) rat. Furthermore, there appears to be a critical time window following the loss of E2 when hormonal replacement is effective, with delayed treatment being ineffective and potentially detrimental. Therefore, we were particularly interested in examining the effectiveness of RESV and GP as a delayed treatment i.e. after the establishment of glucose intolerance, rather than administering at the onset of E2 loss. Results: In the present study, rats demonstrated impaired glucose tolerance, as determined by an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, 12 weeks after bilateral ovary removal. Subsequently, OVX animals were randomly placed into a sham or one of 3 treatment groups. The treatments were either i) a physiological oral dose of E2 (28µg/kg body mass), ii) RESV (5mg/kg body mass), or iii) GP (1.5g/100g of diet) for another 6 weeks. OVX animals were significantly heavier than non-OVX rats at the onset of glucose intolerance and this did not change throughout the treatment. None of the treatments restored glucose tolerance within the 6 weeks. Insulin tolerance did not worsen in OVX rats and was unaffected by treatment. Adipocyte size was generally increased in OVX animals and was not decreased with treatment. Conclusions: In conclusion, delayed E2, RESV and GP treatment do not restore glucose tolerance in OVX rats. Low dose RESV and GP supplementation may not be effective alternatives to HRT to restore compromised glucose tolerance. Keywords: ovariectomy, estrogen, resveratrol, grape pomace, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, delayed treatment
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SPINAL MANIPULATION IN CHRONIC NON-SPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN PATIENTS

iii Acknowledgments . v CHAPTER 1: . 1 1.1 Background . 2 1.2 Epidemiology of Low Back Pain . 2 1.3 Definition of Nonspecific Low Back Pain . 3 1.4 Definition of Spinal Manipulation . 4 1.5 Effectiveness of Spinal Manipulation for Low Back Pain. 5 1.7 Mechanical Characteristics of Spinal Manipulation . 14 1.8 Biomechanical Mechanisms of Spinal Manipulation . 16 1.9 Neurophysiological Mechanisms of Spinal Manipulation . 24 1.10 Effects of Spinal Manipulative Therapy on Pain Sensitivity . 29 1.11 Effects of Spinal Manipulative Therapy on Kinematics . 37 1.12 Significance of the Proposed Research . 39 1.13 Innovation of the Proposed Research . 40 1.14 Specific Aims . 42 CHAPTER 2: . 45 2.1 Abstract . 46 2.2 Introduction . 47 2.3 Methods. 48 2.4 Results . 55 2.5 Discussion . 58 CHAPTER 3: . 78 3.1 Abstract . 79 3.2 Introduction . 80 3.3 Methods. 81 3.4 Results . 87 3.5 Discussion . 92 CHAPTER 4: . 106 4.1 Abstract . 107 4.2 Introduction . 108 4.3 Methods. 110 4.4 Results . 119 4.5 Discussion . 120 CHAPTER 5 . 131 5.1 Summary of Findings . 132 5.2 Clinical Implications . 134 5.3 Limitations . 135 5.4 Future Directions . 138 viii 5.5 Conclusions . 140 Cited Literature . 141 Appendix A . 155
Effects of Back Massage and Facial Massage on Sleep Quality in Critically Ill Patients

Introduction: Sleep disturbance is common among patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Changes in clinical practice to promote sleep in the ICUs have been sporadic. The European Respiratory Society and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine recognize that massage therapy may improve quality of sleep. Goal: This study was conducted to identify the effects of back and face massage on sleep quality in ICU patients. Material and Methods: A sample of 45 patients in intensive care units in Al-Assad University Hospital and Alwatani Hospital were recruited in the study . Both the massage and control participants were evaluated for sleep quality by Groningen sleep quality scale, 1 hour after administration of the protocol. Results: The effectiveness of back and face massage, as quality of sleep, is significantly improved (p=0.000) in the experimental back and face massage groups (mean score 3.9981), and (mean score 4,4043) respectively, than in control group (mean score – 0.8117). In conclusion , our data suggest that back and face massage therapy is effective in improving the quality of sleep in ICU patients. المقدمة: يعد اضطراب النوم من الاضطرابات الشائعة في وحدات الرعاية المركزة، والتغيرات التي حدثت في الممارسة السريرية الموجهة لدعم النوم في وحدات الرعاية المركزة متفرقة ، ميزت جمعية الجهاز التنفسي الأوروبية والجمعية الأوروبية للطب والعناية المركزة أن العلاج بالتدليك قد يحسن نوعية النوم . الهدف: قد أجريت هذه الدراسة لتحديد تأثير تدليك الظهر وتدليك الوجه على نوعية النوم في مرضى الحالات الحرجة. طرائق البحث وأدواته: أجري البحث على عينة قوامها 45 مريضا في وحدات الرعاية المركزة في مستشفى الأسد الجامعي والمستشفى الوطني . تم تقييم نوعية النوم في المجموعتين التجريبيتين والمجموعة الضابطة باستخدام مقياس نوعية النوم Groningen بعد ساعة من تطبيق السياسة. النتائج: أوضحت النتائج فعالية تدليك الظهر وتدليك الوجه، إذ تحسنت نوعية النوم بشكل ملحوظ (** P = 0.000) في المجموعة التجريبية التي تلقت تدليك الظهر والمجموعة التجريبية التي تلقت تدليك الوجه بقيمة متوسطة (3,9981) و (4,4043)على التتابع، أكثر من المجموعة الضابطة التي لم تتلق التدليك وتركت لروتين المشفى . الاستنتاجات: تقترح معلومات الدراسة أن تدليك الظهر وتدليك الوجه علاجان فعالان في تحسين نوعية النوم في مرضى الحالات الحرجة.
Surgeons and Shamans

Surgeons have conducted placebo-controlled double-blind investigations to determine the value of surgical procedures by comparing the results of real operations with sham operations. The sham operation served as a placebo control, permitting analysis of the alleged benefit of the real operation by eliminating the effect caused by the rest of the surgical experience. A modern operation starts with a series of events resembling ritualistic practices used by shamans. Shamans are traditional healers in cultures that believe communication with the gods and spirits influence health and well being. Shamanistic healing measures include: journeying to a healing place, fasting, wearing ritual garb, ingesting psychotrophic substances, anointment with purifying liquid, an encounter with a masked healer, and inhaling stupefactive vapors. These steps are followed by a central ritual activity that may include extracorporeal, surface, and penetrative components. Postoperative ritual activities reinforce the suggestive value of the healing. These experiences increase a patient’s suggestibility, thereby enhancing the likelihood of a favorable outcome. Any research on the effectiveness of surgical procedures, especially those designed to relieve pain, must consider the strongly suggestive effect of the elaborate perioperative ritual.