Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explicit numerical simulation of binary drop collision in a linear shear field at finite Reynolds numbers

We use immiscible lattice-gas automata to study the collision of two drops in a linear shear field for a range of Reynolds number, Re, and Capillary number, Ca, at a single fixed viscosity ratio and impact parameter. We observe the full range of collision scenarios - coalescence in the compressional and extensional quadrants, 'kiss-and-break', where the drops coalesce in the extensional quadrant before breaking up into two or more drops, and non-coalescence - depending on Re and Ca. Limited results suggest that the regions of the Re-Ca space associated with these collision scenarios are not separated by distinct boundaries but, rather, transition zones in which the probabilities of the two outcomes vary in a complementary fashion from one to the other.
Optimal design of experiments for multiple objectives

The focus of this work is on developing optimality criteria corresponding to multiple inference objectives and combining them in compound criteria allowing for finding compromises between different components, especially in the cases of relatively small experiments. In the framework of response surface factorial experiments we take into account the assumption of a potential model misspecification that is expressed in the form of extra polynomial terms that cannot be estimated. Along with obtaining quality estimates of the fitted model parameters, the contamination arising from the model disturbance is desired to be minimised. In addition, in the case of model uncertainty, the model-independent approach of making inference based on 'pure error' is to be incorporated. We first present Generalised DP and LP criteria, the components of which correspond to maximising the precision of the fitted model estimates, minimising the joint effect of potentially missed terms and minimising the prediction bias; we also adapt the criteria for use in blocked experiments. In Chapter 5 we develop the Mean Square Error based criteria which, instead of the prediction bias component, include the component minimising the bias of the fitted model parameters that might occur due to the model misspecification. We also provide an alternative way of estimating its value for cases where the originally suggested simulations would be too computationally expensive. An example of a real-life blocked experiment is studied, and we present a set of optimal designs that satisfied the aims of the experimenters and the restrictions of the experimental setup. Finally, we explore the framework of multistratum experiments; together with adaptation of the MSE-based criteria we provide a flexible design construction and analysis scheme. All of the criteria and experimental settings are accompanied by illustrative examples in order to explore the possible relationship patterns between the criterion components and optimal designs' characteristics, and produce some general practical recommendations.
A corpus-based study of the role of headshaking in negation in Auslan (Australian Sign Language): Implications for signed language typology

Abstract Signed languages have been classified typologically as being manual dominant or non-manual dominant for negation. In the former negation is conveyed primarily by manual lexical signs whereas in the latter negation is primarily conveyed by nonmanual signs. In support of this typology, the site and spread of headshaking in negated clauses was also described as linguistically constrained. Headshaking was thus said to be a formal part of negation in signed languages so it was linguistic, not gestural. This paper aims to establish the role of headshaking in negation in Auslan with reference to this typology. In this corpus-based study, I show that Auslan users almost always negate clauses using a manual negative sign. Although headshakes are found in just over half of these manually negated clauses, the position and spreading behaviour of headshakes do not appear to be linguistically constrained. I also show that signers use headshakes as the sole negating element in a clause extremely rarely. I conclude that headshaking in Auslan appears similar to headshaking in the ambient face-to-face spoken language, English. I explore the implications of these findings for the proposed typology of negation in signed languages in terms of the type of data that were used to support it, and assumptions about the relationship between gesture and signed languages that underlie it.
Multivariate Correlations: Balance Operators and Variable Localization in Ensemble Data Assimilation

Title of dissertation: MULTIVARIATE CORRELATIONS: BALANCE OPERATORS AND VARIABLE LOCALIZATION IN ENSEMBLE DATA ASSIMILATION Catherine Anne Thomas, Doctor of Philosophy, 2017 Dissertation directed by: Professor Kayo Ide Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Localization is performed in ensemble data assimilation schemes to eliminate correlations that are contaminated by sampling error. This method is frequently necessary within numerical weather prediction (NWP) applications due to the computational constraints present, limiting the number of ensemble members to a size much smaller than the dimension of the system. The most common form of localization occurs in the spatial dimensions, reducing the correlations for points that are distant and likely dominated by sampling error. Spatial localization can introduce imbalance in the system due to the disruption of physical relationships that are dictated by gradients or column integrated quantities, which produce fast-moving gravity waves within NWP models and degrade the forecast. The first part of this dissertation explores the impact of including a balance operator within ensemble data assimilation schemes and how the type of spatial localization interacts with it. The inclusion of a balance operator allows the localization to be performed on the unbalanced portion of the correlation, preserving the balanced correlation. Two data assimilation schemes are explored: a hybrid 4D ensemble-variational (4DEnVar) scheme and a Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF). Observing system simulation experiments are performed using an intermediate complexity model, SPEEDY. It is shown that localizing on the background error as in the hybrid 4DEnVar is more effective than localizing on the observation error as in the LETKF. Within the LETKF, the balance operator can only propagate information one way, for example, from streamfunction to temperature, but not vice versa as in the hybrid 4DEnVar. Many applications contain variables that are physically unrelated and should not be correlated, but contain nonzero correlations. The second part of this dissertation presents two forms of variable localization in a unified framework: observation space variable localization (VO) and model space variable localization (VM). VO restricts the impact that observations have to certain model variables. VM removes the cross-correlations during the computation of the background error covariance. VM is more computationally expensive, but it has the added advantages of not requiring knowledge of observation types and allowing a single observation to impact multiple model variables whose cross-correlations have been removed. MULTIVARIATE CORRELATIONS: BALANCE OPERATORS AND VARIABLE LOCALIZATION IN ENSEMBLE DATA ASSIMILATION
Nonhomogeneous dual wavelet frames and mixed oblique extension principles in Sobolev spaces

ABSTRACT From the literature, it is known that nonhomogeneous dual wavelet frames admit fast wavelet transform as homogeneous ones, and have more designing freedom than homogeneous ones. In this paper, we give a characterization of nonhomogeneous dual wavelet frames in , and using this characterization we derive a mixed oblique extension principle for such dual wavelet frames.
Lactate Can Modulate the Antineoplastic Effects of Doxorubicin and Relieve the Drug’s Oxidative Damage on Cardiomyocytes

Simple Summary Cancer cells are characterized by massive glucose consumption, leading to increased lactate generation. Once considered a waste product, this metabolite was recently shown to take part in the regulation of gene expression. The regulatory properties of lactate were also found to play a role in fostering drug resistance. In this paper, we examined whether the exposure of cancer cells to increased lactate levels can affect the anticancer efficacy of doxorubicin. Doxorubicin is a widely used drug, whose clinical application is often hampered by severe cardiotoxicity. We found that lactate can offer protection against oxidative damage caused by the drug. Interestingly, oxidative damage is reputed secondary to the antineoplastic action of the drug but plays an important role in mediating its cardiotoxic effects. Abstract Background: Doxorubicin (DOXO) is currently administered as the first-choice therapy for a variety of malignancies. Cancer cells exhibit enhanced glycolysis and lactate production. This metabolite affects gene expression and can play a role in chemoresistance. Aim of this study: We investigated whether the enhanced lactate levels that characterize neoplastic tissues can modify the response of cancer cells to DOXO. Methods: After exposing cancer cells to increased lactate levels, we examined whether this metabolite could interfere with the principal mechanisms responsible for the DOXO antineoplastic effect. Results: Increased lactate levels did not affect DOXO-induced topoisomerase poisoning but offered protection against the oxidative damage caused by the drug. This protection was related to changes in gene expression caused by the combined action of DOXO and lactate. Oxidative damage significantly contributed to the heavy cardiotoxicity following DOXO treatment. In cultured cardiomyocytes, we confirmed that DOXO-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress can be significantly mitigated by exposing the cells to increased lactate levels. Conclusions: In addition to contributing to elucidating the effects of the combined action of DOXO and lactate, our results suggest a possible method to reduce the heavy drug cardiotoxicity, a major side effect leading to therapy discontinuation.
An Early Mediterranean-Based Nutritional Intervention during Pregnancy Reduces Metabolic Syndrome and Glucose Dysregulation Rates at 3 Years Postpartum

A Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)-based intervention reduces the rate of immediate postpartum maternal metabolic disorders. Whether these effects persist long-term remains to be determined. A total of 2526 normoglycemic women were randomized before the 12th gestational week (GW). IG women followed a MedDiet with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) (>40 mL/day) and a handful of nuts daily, whereas CG women had to restrict all kinds of dietary fat. At 3 months postpartum, a motivational lifestyle interview was held. The endpoint of the study evaluated the rate of abnormal glucose regulation (AGR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) at 3 years postpartum in women of the San Carlos cohort. A total of 369/625 (59%) CG women and 1031/1603 (64.3%) IG women were finally analyzed. At 3 months and 3 years postdelivery, the IG women showed higher adherence to the MedDiet, which was associated with lower values of body mass index (BMI) and lipid and glycemic profiles. Body weight change and waist circumference were lower in the IG women. After applying multiple regression analysis, the ORs (95%CI) resulted in AGR (3.18 (2.48–4.08); p < 0.001)/MetS (3.79 (1.81–7.95); p = 0.001) for women with GDM and higher OR for development of MetS in CG women (3.73 (1.77–7.87); p = 0.001). A MedDiet-based intervention early in pregnancy demonstrated persistent beneficial effects on AGR and MetS rates at 3 years postpartum.
Variedades y densidades de población de frijol ejotero cultivado bajo invernadero e hidroponía

At the Universidad Autonoma Chapingo, a technology package has been developed based on a hydroponic commercial orchard (HCH), in which in the same greenhouse different vegetables can be grown intermittently throughout the year. The objective was to define the best varieties and population densities in order to obtain the highest yield in kidney bean to be cultivated within an HCH. Three varieties of determined growth and 10 indeterminate were evaluated in densities of 15 and 25 plants m-2 of greenhouse in the first, and 10 and 15 plants m-2 in the second. The design was randomized complete blocks in divided plots arrangement with four replicates. Precocity and yield variables were evaluated and variance analysis and means comparisons (Tukey, p= 0.05) were performed. The best determined variety was Palma at a density of 15 plants m-2 (3.09 kg m-2 of fresh pod in a 94 days period from planting to harvest), and the best indeterminate variety was HAB-229 with 10 plants m-2 (3.63 kg m-2, in 110 days).
Anomaly Interactions and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns

This study provides new evidence on anomaly interactions, as well as on the cross-section of returns in all-but-microcap universe of U.S. stocks over the 42-year sample period from 1971 to 2013. The five anomalies being examined are size, value, profitability, investment/asset growth, and momentum. We form 5x5 conditional double-sort portfolios for each pair of anomaly variables, resulting in 20 different 5x5 sorts when using each variable in the first-stage sorting and the remaining four in the second-stage sorting. The interrelation between each pair of anomaly variables is evaluated on the basis of the monotonic relation (MR) test of Patton and Timmermann (2010) for portfolio raw returns, and in addition, by means of the Sharpe ratio comparisons. Moreover, we run Fama-MacBeth (1973) cross-sectional regressions to compare the relative explanatory power of each variable in the presence of the others. The results show that investment/asset growth and momentum dimensions capture the cross-sectional return patterns better than size, value, or profitability. The relative efficacy of momentum is higher in all-but-microcap universe than previously documented for the corresponding unlimited market-cap samples of U.S. stocks.
Increased Drop in Activity of Alkaline Phosphatase in Plasma from Patients with Endocarditis

(1) Infective endocarditis is a severe inflammatory disease associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels have been shown to change significantly during sepsis. Additionally, we previously found that a higher initial AP drop after cardiac surgery is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Therefore, the course of AP after surgery for endocarditis is of special interest. (2) A total of 314 patients with active isolated left-sided infective endocarditis at the Department of Cardiac Surgery (Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria) between 2009 and 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Blood samples were analyzed at different time points (baseline, postoperative days 1–7, postoperative days 14 and 30). Patients were categorized according to relative alkaline phosphatase drop (≥30% vs. <30%). (3) A higher rate of postoperative renal replacement therapy with or without prior renal replacement therapy (7.4 vs. 21.8%; p = 0.001 and 6.7 vs. 15.6%; p = 0.015, respectively) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (2.2 vs. 19.0%; p = 0.000) was observed after a higher initial alkaline phosphatase drop. Short-term (30-day mortality 3.0 vs. 10.6%; p = 0.010) and long-term mortality (p = 0.008) were significantly impaired after a higher initial alkaline phosphatase drop. (4) The higher initial alkaline phosphatase drop was accompanied by impaired short- and long-term outcomes after cardiac surgery for endocarditis. Future risk assessment scores for cardiac surgery should consider alkaline phosphatase.
A Fortunate Half-Century

The author has had the happy opportunity to work and study in the field of theoretical astrophysics during a half-century of unparalleled observational discovery. Quasars, pulsars, large-scale cosmic structure, galaxy evolution, and many other phenomena were discovered using revolutionary new observational techniques. In the same period of time, analytical tools ranging from new disciplines like plasma physics to enormously enhanced computational facilities became available, giving theoreticians the machinery to make some sense of this new world. At the start of the era the extragalactic world was largely framed as a quasi-homogeneous Universe of static galaxies formed by unknown and in fact unexamined processes. By the end of the period there was widespread acceptance of a self-consistent, evolving cosmological model amenable to calculation and comprehension. The author was fortunate indeed to have had the chance to collaborate with many wonderfully talented colleagues during this exciting time, attempti.
Synthesis, Characterization, and DFT Calculations of a New Sulfamethoxazole Schiff Base and Its Metal Complexes

A new Schiff base, 4-((1E,2E)-3-(furan-2-yl)allylidene)amino)-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl) benzene-sulfonamide (L), was synthesized by thermal condensation of 3-(2-furyl)acrolein and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and the furan Schiff base (L) was converted to a phenol Schiff base (L’) according to the Diels–Alder [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction and studied experimentally. The structural and spectroscopic properties of the Schiff base were also corroborated by utilizing density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Furthermore, a series of lanthanide and transition metal complexes of the Schiff base were synthesized from the nitrate salts of Gd, Sm, Nd, and Zn (L1, L2, L3, and L4), respectively. Various spectroscopic studies confirmed the chemical structures of the Schiff-base ligand and its complexes. Based on the spectral studies, a nine-coordinated geometry was assigned to the lanthanide complexes and a six-coordinated geometry to the zinc complex. The elemental analysis data confirmed the suggested structure of the metal complexes, and the TGA studies confirmed the presence of one coordinated water molecule in the lanthanide complexes and one crystalline water molecule in the zinc complex; in addition, the conductivity showed the neutral nature of the complexes. Therefore, it is suggested that the ligand acts as a bidentate through coordinates to each metal atom by the isoxazole nitrogen and oxygen atoms of the sulfur dioxide moiety of the SMX based on FTIR studies. The ligand and its complexes were tested for their anti-inflammatory, anti-hemolytic, and antioxidant activities by various colorimetric methods. These complexes were found to exhibit potential effects of the selected biological activities.
The Mistakes and the Misconceptions of the Eighth Grade Students on the Subject of Angles.

The purpose of this study was to determine the learning levels, mistakes, and misconceptions of the 8th grade students on the subject of “angles in geometry” as well as the possible reasons for these situations. Research sample consisted of 30 students attending the 8th grade of a middle school located in the central district of a northern province of Turkey during the 2012 – 2013 academic year. 4 open-ended questions were used in this study. Firstly, the answers given were divided into two: correct and incorrect. Then, incorrect answers were split into sub-categories and tabulated. According to the results of the study, (1) students paid attention to the physical appearances of geometric figures alone without taking into consideration their geometric properties; (2) although they detected some geometric properties of figures, they failed to associate these properties with other knowledge required for solution; (3) they generalized a property that was valid for only a specific condition over different situations; (4) and they did not fully comprehend the concept of parallelism on the subject of angles.
Output regulation for linear delta operator systems subject to actuator saturation

In this paper, output regulation for linear delta operator systems subject to actuator saturation is investigated by state feedback. The relation between the regulatable regions and the null controllable region is described in this paper. A set of all initial conditions of a plant and a exosystem is called asymptotically regulatable region for which output regulation is possible. An asymptotically regulatable region is characterized according to a null controllable region of an anti‐stable subsystem of the plant. Feedback laws are constructed to solve the problems on output regulation. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and potential for the developed techniques. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sur le lieu de Noether-Lefschetz en degrés 6 et 7

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A Numerical Study of Outer Rainband Formation in a Sheared Tropical Cyclone

AbstractThe dynamical process of outer rainband formation in a sheared tropical cyclone (TC) is examined in this study using the fully compressible, nonhydrostatic TC model. After the easterly vertical wind shear of 10 m s−1 was imposed upon an intensifying strong TC, an outer rainband characterized by a wavenumber-1 structure formed as a typical principal rainband downshear. Further analysis indicates that the outer rainband formation was closely connected to the activity of the inner rainband previously formed downshear. Moving radially outward, the inner rainband tended to be filamented owing to the strong radial gradient of angular velocity. As the inner rainband approached the outer boundary of the inner core, convection in its middle and upwind segments reinvigorated and nascent convective cells formed upwind of the rainband, caused mainly by the decreased filamentation and stabilization. Subsequently, the rainband reorganized into a typical outer rainband. Three different scenarios are found to be .