Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY HABITS AND COVID-19 1 PRE-PRINT: NOT PEER-REVIEWED Evolution of Physical Activity Habits After a Context Change: the Case of COVID-19 Lockdown RUNNING HEAD: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY HABITS AND COVID-19

Objective. Habits, defined as well-learned associations between cues and behaviours, are essential for health-related behaviours, including physical activity (PA). Despite the sensitivity of habits to context changes, little remains known about the influence of a context change on the interplay between PA habits and behaviours. Here, we investigated the evolution of PA habits amidst the Spring COVID-19 lockdown, a major context change. Moreover, we examined the association of PA behaviours and autonomous motivation with this evolution. Design. Three-wave observational longitudinal design. Methods. PA habits, PA behaviours, and autonomous motivation were collected through online surveys in 283 French and Swiss participants. Variables were self-reported with reference to three time points: before mid-, and end-lockdown. Results. Mixed effect modelling revealed a decrease in PA habits from beforeto midlockdown, especially among individuals with strong before-lockdown habits. Path analysis showed that before-lockdown PA habits were not significantly associated with mid-lockdown PA habits (b = .15, p = .109), while mid-lockdown PA habits were positively related to endlockdown habits (b = .44, p < .001). Mid-lockdown habits were positively associated with endlockdown PA behaviours (b = .22, p = .004). Autonomous motivation was directly associated with PA habits (ps. < .001), but neither predicted PA behaviours during lockdown, nor moderated the relations between PA behaviours and habits (ps. > .085). Conclusion. PA habits were altered and their influence on PA behaviours was impeded during the COVID-19 lockdown. Engagement in PA behaviours and autonomous motivation helped in counteracting PA habits disruption.
Homeostatic Inhibitory Control of Cortical Hyperexcitability in Fragile X Syndrome

In mouse models of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), cellular and circuit hyperexcitability are a consequence of altered brain development [reviewed in (Contractor et al., 2015)]. Mechanisms that favor or hinder plasticity of synapses could affect neuronal excitability. This includes inhibitory long term depression (I-LTD) – a heterosynaptic form of plasticity that requires the activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). Differential circuit maturation leads to shifted time points for critical periods of synaptic plasticity across multiple brain regions (Harlow et al., 2010; He et al., 2014), and disruptions of the development of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic function are also observed both during development and into adulthood (Vislay et al., 2013). However, little is known about how this hyperexcitable environment affects inhibitory synaptic plasticity. Our results demonstrate that the somatosensory cortex of the Fmr1 KO mouse model of FXS exhibits increased GABAergic spontaneous activity, a faulty mGluR-mediated inhibitory input and impaired plasticity processes. We find the overall diminished mGluR activation in the Fmr1 KO mice leads to both a decreased spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic input to principal cells and also to a disrupted form of inhibitory long term depression (I-LTD). In cortical synapses, this I-LTD is dependent on mGluR activation and the mobilization endocannabinoids (eCBs). Notably, these data suggest enhanced hyperexcitable phenotypes in FXS may be homeostatically counterbalanced by the inhibitory drive of the network and its altered response to mGluR modulation. Significance Statement Fragile X Syndrome is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, autism, epilepsy, anxiety and altered sensory sensitivity. In both in vitro and in vivo recordings in the somatosensory cortex of the Fmr1 knockout mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome we show that hyperexcitable network activity contributes to ineffective synaptic plasticity at inhibitory synapses. This increased excitability prevents cortical circuits from adapting to sensory information via ineffective plasticity mechanisms.
Proximate Composition, Mineral Profile and Cholesterol Level in Whole and Fillet of the Guinean Mantis Shrimp, Squilla aculeata calmani (Holthuis, 1959) (Crustacea: Stomatopoda)

The Guinean Mantis Shrimp is a crustacean of the Order Stomatopoda, having a carapace that does not cover the posterior thorax and a broad abdomen bearing gills on the appendages. The nutritional profile of Squilla aculeata calmani as whole organism and fillet was investigated using standard techniques. The proximate compositions of the fillet and whole organism were significantly different (P>0.05), with fillet having higher protein content (65.91 ± 2.24 %) to the whole organism (31.05 ± 3.55%). The whole organism was significantly higher in calcium, potassium, magnesium and sodium. Cholesterol was not detected in Squilla aculeata calmani as whole organism and fillet. The samples were very good sources of oleic acid, a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid with hypotensive (blood pressure reducing) effects. The study showed that both the flesh and the shell contribute positively to the nutritional quality of the Guinea Mantis Shrimp, Squilla aculeata calmani. As the concentrations of the mineral content were within the allowed daily requirement, the shrimp could be employed as an alternative dietary supplement.
Share Buyback and Firms' Performance: A Study of Selected Indian Companies

Buyback of shares in India has been allowed in 1999. Since then it has been used widely as a means of financial restructuring. It is a process through which a company distributes its excess cash among the shareholders by way of buying back its own shares. It may affect the performance of the company in various ways. The present paper examines the impact of buyback of shares on the operating and financial efficiency of the firms. A sample of 128 buyback announcement made by 102 companies listed on BSE during 1999-2012 has been taken to analyse the impact. Eight different measures viz. net profit ratio, return on net worth, return on capital employed, current ratio, earnings per share, proprietary ratio, dividend payout ratio and price earnings ratio have been used to analyse the impact of buyback of shares on the operating and financial performance of the companies. Paired t-test has been used to examine these ratios before and after the buyback. The paper finds that there is improvement in financial position of the firms after the buyback. Operating ratios have shown a decreasing impact in the post buyback period. However the pre-buyback ratios are not statistically significantly different from the post buyback ratios at 5 % level of significance. Keywords-Share buybacks, financial position, operating efficiency
Cervical exercises improves cervical spondylotic localization: effects observation and mechanism analysis

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the role of cervical exercises in the treatment of patients with cervical spondylotic localization (CSL). Methods: 63 CSL patients in Wonkwang University were divided into Group A (GA, n=32, drug treatment + cervical exercises) and Group B (GB, n=31, drug treatment) according to the diagnosis time. The curative effects were compared at 1 month after treatment. Results: (1) Compared to GB at 1 month after treatment, GA had lower scores in the 4 items of symptoms and signs and the 10 items of neck disability as well as greater mild disability to severe disability ratio (P<0.05). No statistical difference was observed in the moderate disability to extremely severe disability ratio between the two groups (P>0.05). At 1 week and 2-4 weeks after treatment, the VAS scores in GA were lower than those in GB (P<0.05); the total response rate (TRR) and recurrence rate (RR) was 90.62% and 6.25% in GA, 70.97% and 25.81% in GB, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cervical exercises helped relieve the pains, facilitate the recovery of cervical function, reduce the RR and improve the TRR in CSL patients.
NURSES GONE BAD: PREDICTORS OF COUNTERPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR OF NURSES

Disruptive actions in healthcare settings can cause errors, poor client satisfaction, employee turnover, and bigger hospital expenses. This research investigated the determinants of counterproductive work behavior (CWB) such as work-related proactive coping, autonomy, interpersonal conflict, organizational constraints of hospital nurses in a tertiary hospital in Cebu City. A descriptive correlational design was utilized in the study. Nurses from the different clinical areas of the hospital were chosen as respondents for this study. The researcher used five standardized structured questionnaires in gathering the data. In the multiple regression analysis the independent variables, proactive coping, autonomy, interpersonal conflicts, and organizational constraints were significant predictors to the dependent variable, counterproductive work behaviors. Proactive coping, autonomy, and organizational constraints had negative beta coefficients. While interpersonal conflict had a positive beta coefficient. Proactive coping received the strongest weight in the model followed by autonomy and organizational constraints; interpersonal conflicts received the lowest of the four weights. Based on the results of the study, the researcher can conclude that work-related proactive coping, autonomy, interpersonal conflicts, and organizational constraints are determinants of counterproductive work behaviors of hospital nurses. With reverence to the findings of this study, health care managers should formulate customized programs and strategies that can improve employee performance and coping to reduce counterproductive work behaviors. Lastly, further studies would be conducted on other variables that can predict and mediate with counterproductive work behaviors.
Effect of long-term storage on degradation of 21 phenolic compounds in green tea

The storage resistance of 21 selected phenolic compounds present in ten samples of commercially available green tea was monitored using the HPLC/MS/MS over a 16 weeks period using multivariate statistical analysis to compare the different types of packaging. The HPLC/MS/MS method with the computer-aided analysis enabled the fast evaluation of the long-time storage resistance of valuable compounds present in green tea, yielding useful information to customers about their degradation, which affected the sensory properties of the green tea, such as taste and colour. An explanatory data analysis provided an initial visualization of the multivariate data matrix while a factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and discriminant analysis enabled the classification of the green tea samples into clusters according to the storage resistance of the compounds of interest. A significant reduction in the content of all monitored compounds was indicated after 3 weeks of storage, which was also found to be dependent on the type of packaging used. The samples in a plastic box were more stable during long-time storage in comparison to the samples in a paper box.
THE EFFECTS OF U.S. MONETARY POLICY SHOCKS ON LATIN AMERICAN ECONOMIES

Resumo: Nas duas últimas décadas, a literatura empírica mostrou que as economias emergentes são suscetíveis a choques externos. Um fator que poderia desempenhar um papel importante na determinação da política dos bancos centrais das economias emergentes é a política monetária do Federal Reserve. Este artigo tem como objetivo estimar a ocorrência de spillovers da política monetária dos Estados Unidos nas taxas de juros da política monetária de países da América Latina. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que os choques da política monetária originados pelo Federal Reserve são uma importante fonte de flutuações na política monetária interna dos países da América Latina. Há também, um transbordamento regional ainda maior entre as próprias economias da América Latina.
Effect of Storage Period on Quality and Lipid Composition of Eggs Obtained From Hens Fed Restricted Diet

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of storage period on the quality and lipid composition of table eggs obtained from birds fed on restricted commercial feed. The study was carried out at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching and Research Farm. Seven-two (72) laying hens which were 74 weeks old were assigned to three (3) treatments which had three (3) replicate each. The treatment consisted of T1 (control, ad libitum feeding), T2 (four hours feed restriction from 7 am – 11 am) and T3 (eight hours feed restriction from 7 am – 3 pm). At the end of the 12 weeks feeding trial, 60 eggs were collected from each treatment, (20 eggs per replicate), stored at room temperature and used for analysis of the external (egg weight, egg width, egg length, shell weight, shell thickness and egg index), internal (albumen and yolk weight, yolk diameter and height, albumen height, yolk index and haugh unit, HU) and lipid composition (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, HDL and the low-density lipoprotein, LDL) at week 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The result showed that the length of storage significantly affected (P < 0.05) the egg weight, egg width, egg length and egg index, some internal characteristics and the lipid composition of the eggs examined. The eggs analyzed at the end of week 4 and 5 gave lower HU of 53.3 – 59.2 in all the treatments which tallied with the classification of low quality eggs grade (HU of 31 – 59) compared to those analyzed at the end of the first to third week (68.1 – 76.4) which were within the AA grade (HU > 72) and A grade (HU of 60 – 70) termed high quality eggs. The result of the interactive effect of storage and restricted feeding regimen did not affect the egg quality and the lipid composition of the eggs. The egg HDL increased after 2 weeks of storage in T1 and T2 and the LDL decreased during same period in the two treatments. It was concluded that farmers could practice restricted feeding regime especially for four hours (7 am – 11 am) since similar egg quality in terms of HU was obtained throughout the storage duration as well as an increase in the good cholesterol, HDL, and a corresponding decrease in the bad cholesterol, LDL after two weeks of storage.
THE K-THEORY OF FILTERED DEFORMATIONS OF GRADED POLYNOMIAL ALGEBRAS

Recent discoveries make it possible to compute the K-theory of certain rings from their cyclic homology and certain versions of their cdh-cohomology. We extend the work of G. Cortiñas et al. who calculated the K-theory of, in addition to many other varieties, cones over smooth varieties, or equivalently the K-theory of homogeneous polynomial rings. We focus on specific examples of polynomial rings, which happen to be filtered deformations of homogeneous polynomial rings. Along the way, as a secondary result, we will develop a method for computing the periodic cyclic homology of a singular variety as well as the negative cyclic homology when the cyclic homology of that variety is known. Finally, we will apply these methods to extend the results of Michler who computed the cyclic homology of hypersurfaces with isolated singularities. 0 ar X iv :1 31 1. 49 31 v1 [ m at h. K T ] 2 0 N ov 2 01 3 THE K-THEORY OF FILTERED DEFORMATIONS OF GRADED POLYNOMIAL ALGEBRAS. 1
FWU Journal of Social Sciences, Spring 2020, Vol.14, No.1, 15-27 An Assessment of Class Reproduction Theory in Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Class reproduction theory claims the perpetuation of the structure of inequality across generations. This paper aimed to assess the class reproduction theory in southern Punjab. The study used a multistagerandom sampling technique to select a representative sample of the population. At first stage, the researchers randomly selected 14 occupations from Pakistan Standard Occupation Classification (2015). The second stageused stratified random sampling technique. A stratum of each selected occupation was formed in each division (i.e.,Multan, Dera Ghazi Khan,and Bahawalpur) of southern Punjab.The researchers randomly interviewed 564 male respondents from each stratum of the region. The study explored that the dominant class of fathers significantly correlated with the dominant class of children as well as their high economic capital, highbrow cultural capital, and high social capital (p<.001, p<.05). The dominant class of respondents significantly correlated with their high economic capital (p<.001). The correlation among the capitals of the respondents showed that their high economic capital significantly determined highbrow cultural capital and high social capital (p<.001, p<.05). The study concluded the intergenerational perpetuation of the structure of inequality of southern Punjab. The study suggested that future researches should incorporate gender disparity of class reproduction.
Factors influencing consumers’ preferences towards meat and meat products with traceability systems in Malaysia

Majority consumers around the world have become increasingly concern and aware about their health and food safety. Recent food crisis and foodborne illness incidents showed the needs to assure the authenticity and traceability of foods in the market especially meat and meat products. These scandals have led to negative effect and perception to consumers, food companies and both supply and demand chain. Hence, the food industry needs an excellent and reliable traceability system to ensure that consumers are persistently well protected from unconscious consumption of unsafe foods. Therefore, traceability systems can support the claims by making it verifiable. However, the awareness among Malaysian consumers is still lacking due to the inadequate exposure towards concept and the importance of traceability systems particularly in meat and meat products. The aim of this study is to determine factors influencing consumers’ preferences towards traceability systems of meat and meat products in Malaysia. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire via face to face interview with 503 respondents in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and factor analysis. The findings of descriptive analysis showed that most of the consumers preferred using traceability systems and aware of its importance when buying meat and meat products. Meanwhile, the factor analysis results discovered six factors that influenced consumers’ preferences towards meat and meat products with traceability systems namely Halal certificate, transparency, quality, confidence, food safety and knowledge. Therefore, implementation of traceability systems could raise standards of food safety throughout the meat production supply chain. Furthermore, the society will become more confident and they can benefit from the quality of purchase and consumption. The findings from this study are also able to contribute to the body of knowledge to the producers or marketers towards food safety issues and foodborne illness that recently happened in Malaysia.
On the systematics of the harlequin frogs (Amphibia: Bufonidae: Atelopus) from Amazonia. II: Redescription of Atelopus pulcher (BOULENGER, 1882) from the eastern Andean versant in Peru

Systematics of the Neotropical bufonid genus Atelopus are complicated. On the one hand, species are poor in characters and hence similar to each other; on the other hand, within some species characters are very variable. Atelopus spumarius comprises a complex of species, distributed in the Amazon basin as well as on the eastern versant of the Andes and in the Guianan region. In Peru, besides A. spumarius sensu stricto, at least two species can be distinguished. They differ in life colour, pattern, adult size, skin texture, larval morphology and intraspecific communication behaviour (forefoot waving, calls). In this paper, A. pulcher from the eastern Andean versant (Departamentos Loreto and San Martín) is removed from the synonymy of A. spumarius. Pulsed calls and the larva, which is characterised by having the upper beak shorter than the lower, of A. pulcher are described. In addition, an alphataxonomic overview of the genus Atelopus in Amazonia and adjacent areas is provided.
Financial Infrastructure and Economic Development: Theory, Evidence and Experience

Last three decades have witnessed economists’ growing interest in exploring for a possible link between financial structure and economic activities. In more recent years, the horizon of economists’ inquiry has expanded to include the interrelationship between financial infrastructure and economic development. Financial infrastructure of an economy is defined in this paper to include financial system, legal system, accounting standards, and payment and settlement system. The financial system consists of financial institutions, markets and instruments. An attempt has been made in this paper to address some of the theoretical issues and discuss evidence thereon in relation to the following proposition: there is a direct and symbiotic relationship between sound and efficient financial infrastructure and financial stability and economic development.
Geographic variation in body size among French populations of the European pond turtle

The processes underlying macroecological gradients in body size are widely debated, in part because their intraspecific variability remains poorly described even in well-studied taxa such as vertebrates. In this study, we investigated how climate, habitat, genetic lineage and sex explain body size variations in French populations of the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis). We measured 7016 adult individuals captured in 41 populations, covering most of the species’ distribution in metropolitan France, including Corsica. Body size variation in our sample was wide and comparable to that found across the species’ worldwide range. Variation was similar in magnitude at regional and local levels, suggesting that body size is influenced by local factors as much as by regional factors such as climate or genetic lineage. Smaller sizes were associated with Mediterranean or altered oceanic climates, and with two lineages (E. o. galloitalica and E. o. galloitalica/E. o. orbicularis), while larger sizes were associated with northern environments and the orbicularis lineage. Body size variations recorded at local level reflect an adaptive response to environmental constraints, suggesting that habitat is also an important factor in understanding size variation.
Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Enteric Bacteria from Post Weaning Diarrheic Pigs and their Resistance to Multiple Antibiotics

Diarrhea in pigs is one of the major problems worldwide leading to huge economic losses to swine industry. Neonatal and post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is responsible for high morbidity and mortality where mortality may reach up to 20-30% during acute outbreaks of PWD (Amezcua et al., 2002). Many viral, bacterial, and parasitic agents are involved in the cause of neonatal diarrhea such as transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus, swine enteric coronavirus disease (SECD) including porcine epidemic disease virus (PEDV) and swine delta corona virus (SDCV), rotavirus, E. coli, Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens type C, Strongyloides ransomi and Coccidia. PWD, however, is a multifactorial as it involves interaction between sow, piglet, environment, ETEC bacteria and managemental practices (Hong et al., 2006). Though exact cause has not yet International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 12 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com