Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NF-gB and Ir~B~: An Inducible Regulatory System

Summary Structural analysis of the promoters of several endothelial genes induced at sites of inflammatory or immune responses reveals binding sites for the transcription factor nuclear factor KB (NF-KB). Endothelial cells express transcripts encoding the pS0/p105 and p65 components of NF-IcB and the tel-related proto-oncogene c-re/; steady state levels of these transcripts are transiently increased by tumor necrosis factor ce (TNF-ce). Western blotting revealed that stimulation of endothelial calls with TNF-ce resulted in nuclear accumulation of the p50 and p65 components of NF-KB. Ultraviolet crosslinking and immunoprecipitation demonstrated binding of the p50 and p65 components of NF-KB to the E-selectin xB site. Endothelial cells express an inhibitor of NF-gB activation, IgB-ce (MAD-3). Protein levels of this inhibitor fall rapidly after TNF-cx stimulation. In parallel, p50 and p65 accumulate in the nucleus and RNA transcript levels for IgB-o~ are dramatically upreguhted. Recombinant p65 stimulates expression of E-sdectin promoter-reporter constructs. IKB-ce inhibits p65 or TNF-ce-stimulated E-sdectin promoter-reporter gene expression in transfected endothelial cells. The NF-gB and IKB-ce system may be an inducible regulatory mechanism in endothelial activation.
Factors Influencing Nest Spacing of a Secondary Cavity-Nesting Parrot: Habitat Heterogeneity and Proximity of Conspecifics

Abstract. Resource availability in a heterogeneous environment and density-dependent processes may influence the spatial distribution of individuals among habitats. The distribution of nests of secondary cavity nesters is rarely clumped because the birds are constrained by the distribution of existing cavities as nest resources. In this study, to evaluate the interplay of environmental and behavioral processes in the spacing of parrot nests, we compared the spatial distribution of active Lilac-crowned Parrot (Amazona finschi) nests with that of all cavities used as nests over 14 years. Parrots reused 42% of cavities, and the frequency of reuse was significantly associated with a previously successful nesting attempt. Positive fitness benefits of cavity reuse may indicate high-quality nest sites that are used more intensively by resident breeding pairs. Spatial-point-pattern analysis indicated that trees used as nests were significantly clustered within 60 m in the three nesting areas, with average distance of 100–200 m between nest trees. In a given breeding season, active parrot nests were separated by a mean 950 ± 890 m. Parrot nests were also located significantly closer to a tree used as a nest in the previous breeding season than the distance between nearest nesting conspecifics. This pattern suggests that conspecifics influence the spatial distribution of reproductive pairs breeding simultaneously, with nesting pairs occupying areas where suitable cavities are more numerous. The behavioral spacing requirements of nesting parrots may limit breeding densities and restrict management strategies to increase numbers of nesting pairs within protected areas.
Electromagnetic Field Sensitivity

A multiphase study was performed to find an effective method to evaluate electromagnetic field (EMF) sensitivity of patients. The first phase developed criteria for controlled testing using an environment low in chemical, particulate, and EMF pollution. Monitoring devices were used in an effort to ensure that extraneous EMF would not interfere with the tests. A second phase involved a single-blind challenge of 100 patients who complained of EMF sensitivity to a series of fields ranging from 0 to 5 MHz in frequency, plus 5 blank challenges. Twenty-five patients were found who were sensitive to the fields, but did not react to the blanks. These were compared in the third phase to 25 healthy naive volunteer controls. None of the volunteers reacted to any challenge, active or blank, but 16 of the EMF-sensitive patients (64%) had positive signs and symptoms scores, plus autonomic nervous system changes. In the fourth phase, the 16 EMF-sensitive patients were rechallenged twice to the frequencies to which they .
Tissue-specific expression of sunflower heat shock proteins in response to water stress

CA was a recipient 01 a post-doctoral ('reincorporacion') lellowship Irom the Spanish 'Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia'. MAC was supported in part by lunds Irom 'Junta de Andalucia'. This work was lunded through grant B1090-0759 Irom CICYT.
Sugarcane Genotype Repeatability in Replicated Selection Stages and Commercial Adoption

The sugarcane (interspecific hybrids of Saccharum spp.) breeding and selection program in Canal Point (CP) Florida increased the number of genotypes advanced to its final selection stage, Stage IV, from 11 to 14. This change resulted from recently reported evidence that replications could be decreased without reducing experimental precision in Stage IV. The major purpose of this study was to determine if advancing an additional three new genotypes to Stage IV would improve the likelihood of identifying successful cultivars. A secondary objective was to determine if genotypes with high or mediocre yields in the penultimate stage, Stage III, could be expected to have similar yields in Stage IV. Data were reviewed from 24 cycles of Stage III, and 16 cycles of Stage IV. Genotype correlations between Stage III and Stage IV were significant but low for sugar yield (Mg sugar ha -1 ) (r = 0.27) and economic index ($ ha -1 ) (r = 0.28). No genotype that ranked worse than 15th in both sugar yield and economic index in Stage III was later used on more than 1% of Florida’s annual sugarcane hectarage. It is usually necessary to select
ALLOZYME IDENTIFICATION OF MUSSELS (BIVALVIA: MYTILUS) ON THE PACIFIC COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA

Abstract The taxonomic identity of mussels in the southern hemisphere is still unclear, and the Mytilus that inhabit on the Pacific coast of South America has been considered by different authors as M. chilensis, M. edulis, M. edulis chilensis and M. galloprovincialis. To clarify the taxonomic identity of these mussels four samples from the northern limit of the distribution of Mytilus were taken as well as European control samples of M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis for comparison. Thirty allozyme loci were studied and 9 loci (Aco-1, Ap-1, Est-D, Gpi, Idh-1, Lap-1, Mpi, Me-2 and Odh) were partially diagnostic between the European M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis control samples, as previously reported. Chilean samples showed for four of the above partially diagnostic loci intermediate frequencies for typical alleles of M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis between those of the control samples, but they were closer to those of M. edulis for Ap-1 and Mpi and to those of M. galloprovincialis for Aco-1 and Est-D. The locus Lap-1 showed allele frequencies similar to those of M. edulis, whereas the most frequent allele of the loci Gpi, Idh-1 and Odh was that typical of M. galloprovincialis but at a higher frequency. Moreover, the partially diagnostic loci Me-2 and Lap-2, Pgm-2 and Pp showed important differences with regard to the control populations. Genetic distances, dendrograms and multidimentional scaling as well as principal component analysis on allele frequencies and factorial correspondence analysis on individual genotypes showed that South American samples were genetically closer to European M. galloprovincialis than to M. edulis but having particular and characteristic allele frequencies.
Monitoring regional agricultural water use efficiency for Hebei Province on the North China Plain

Increasing competition for water in China, due to industrialisation of its economy and urbanisation of its population, has led to the introduction of water-saving agricultural practices in an attempt to increase agricultural water use efficiency (Ag WUE). This study was conducted to assess whether changes in management practices have increased regional Ag WUE for a focus area covering 20% of the 300 000 km 2 North China Plain (NCP). An 'input-output' definition of regional Ag WUE was used, where 'input' is the water available over the crop growing season and 'output' is grain yield. Regional databases of precipitation, irrigation, and yield from 1984 to 1996 were established in a Geographic Information System (GIS) to calculate winter wheat and summer corn Ag WUE on a county basis. For wheat, the average Ag WUE was 7.0 kg/ha.mm in 1984, whereas in 1996 it was 14.3 kg/ha.mm. For corn, Ag WUE increased from 9.0 kg/ha.mm in 1984 to 10.1 kg/ha.mm in 1996, although values >11.5 kg/ ha.mm were obtained for both 1991 and 1992. Time series plots of the resulting Ag WUE, and its components, were generated to reveal spatial and temporal variability. Counties with a relatively high mean Ag WUE in combination with low year-to-year consistency have been identified as those with the highest potential for improving Ag WUE management. Total county water resources (WR) were also calculated for the time series, and county-basis normalisation of Ag WUE and WR also showed that there have been recent improvements in Ag WUE. For some counties in wet years, there may be an opportunity to plant larger areas of crop to increase county level Ag WUE. For the focus study site (and for the time series data available), it is most likely that recently introduced water-saving agricultural practices in the NCP are associated with improvements to Ag WUE. Additional keywords: regional scale, Geographic Information System (GIS), spatial and temporal trend analysis. A , A or.s L. No ai n e T.
Consequences of Severe Iodine Deficiency in Pregnancy: Evidence in Humans

Iodine is a necessary micronutrient for the production of thyroid hormones and normal human development. Despite the significant worldwide strategies for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency, it is still a prevalent public health issue, especially in pregnant women. Severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy and neonatal period is associated with many major and irreversible adverse effects, including an increased risk of pregnancy loss and infant mortality, neonatal hypothyroidism, cretinism, and neuropsychomotor retardation. We will review the impact of severe iodine deficiency on maternofetal, neonatal, and offspring outcomes. We will also discuss its epidemiology, classification of iodine deficiency severity, and current recommendations to prevent iodine deficiency in childbearing age and pregnant women.
Studies on the Antileishmanial Potential of High dose of Cisplatin along with Vitamin C and E against Visceral leishmaniasis in BALB/c Mice

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, is a vector-borne disease caused by a protozoan of the Leishmania donovani. Most available drugs against visceral leishmaniasis are toxic, and relapse after cure remains a chronic problem. First in vivo report from our laboratory revealed the leishmanicidal potential of cisplatin, an antineoplastic drug at low dose (0.5 and 1 mg/kg body weight). High dose is used in present study so as to eliminate the parasite completely. But since it is reported to be nephrotoxic at high dose, antioxidants were administered. Antileishmanial effect of drug was revealed by reduction in the parasite burden and increased DTH responses. Antibody response was predominantly of IgG type with increased IgG2a production and lesser production of IgG1. The drug treatment stimulated the production of IFN-γ and IL-2 in splenocytes suggesting a Th1 type of response with a concomitant down-regulation of IL10. Reduced enzymatic activity (SGOT and SGPT) was observed in infected mice treated with cisplatin and vitamin C/ vitamin E. Cisplatin at this dose efficiently eliminated the parasite to large extent and vitamin C and E significantly reduced the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin.
Circadian and seasonal variations of the metabolism of carbohydrates in Aegla ligulata (Crustacea: Anomura: Aeglidae)

Oliveira, G.T. , Fernandes, F.A. , Bond-Buckup, G. , Bueno, A.A. and Silva, R.S. M. 2003. Circadian and seasonal variations of the metabolism of carbohydrates in Aegla ligulata (Crustacea: Anomura: Aeglidae). In: Lemaitre, R. , and Tudge, C.C. (eds), Biology of the Anomura. Proceedings of a symposium at the Fifth International Crustacean Congress, Melbourne, Australia, 9‐13 July 2001. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 60(1): 59‐62. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of circadian and seasonal variations on the metabolism of carbohydrates in different tissues of the freshwater anomuran Aegla ligulata Bond-Buckup and Buckup, 1994. Samples of A. ligulata were collected monthly from August 1999 to August 2000 in Tainhas, Sao Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil, at 0600 h, 1200 h and 1800 h. Samples of haemolymph and tissues (hepatopancreas, gills and muscle) were taken to determine glucose and glycogen levels. Data indicated the presence of high levels of haemolymphatic glucose, especially in spring, and we also found circadian differences between males and females. These variations seem to be related to the reproductive period of the species, food availability and the degree of environmental exploration. These factors lead to different metabolic adjustments in distinct species of crustaceans.
Transposition of IS911

This chapter is centered on studies of IS911 as a model system for studying the large IS3 group. The present understanding of the steps in IS911 transposition is shown. However, important insights and some intriguing differences have been revealed from other members and these are described where appropriate. Different roles for OrfA have been proposed for different IS3 family members: stimulation of transposon circle integration for IS911; inhibition of transposition for IS3; and repression of transposase expression for IS2. Mutation of the terminal dinucleotide at one or both ends of the junction significantly reduces cleavage of the mutated end in vivo and in vitro, and the same single- and double-end mutations strongly reduce the transposition frequency in vivo. In conclusion, by IS2, IS3, IS150, and IS911 probably share the same transposition pathway but may be differently regulated by OrfA and possibly by OrfB. Many transposable elements are separated from their flanking donor DNA prior to insertion into a target site. This behavior, termed cut-and-paste, requires processing of both strands at each end of the element.
Exclusive core areas in overlapping ranges of the sleepy lizard, Tiliqua rugosa

Where animal home ranges overlap extensively, objectively identifying exclusive areas within individual ranges has been difficult, particularly in species lacking overt territorial behaviors. By analyzing the overlap between successively smaller core areas among individuals in a population of the long-lived Australian skink, the sleepy lizard (Tiliqua rugosa), we objectively determined exclusive areas within animal ranges. Using 4-year radio tracking data, we found that ranges consisted of relatively large sally zones (mean 66--80% total range), around home ranges with multinucleate cores strongly associated with key refuge sites. Total range and home range area varied significantly among years, being smaller in a drought year. Total ranges overlapped extensively between and within sexes, but for both sexes, intrasexual overlap of inner range cores rapidly approached zero, suggesting intrasexual territoriality. Intersexual inner core overlap reflected this species socially monogamous mating system. But, male overlap of female ranges and inner cores was consistently higher than female-male overlap. Refuges and/or mates may be defended resources within these core areas, although aggressive behavioral interactions were rarely observed. In the extensively overlapping sally zones, males shared space with females other than their principal partner. In productive years, with larger home ranges and more extensive overlap, some lizards associated with extra partners, suggesting that males opportunistically use sally zones for polygyny. Consequently, we suggest that benefits to females from male association may change with environmental quality, such that if food resources are low, monogamy may be favored if females increase foraging efficiency as a consequence of male vigilance during pairing. Copyright 2006.
Original Contribution THE COMPARISON OF LONG AND SHORT PRIMERS USED FOR RAPD TECHNIQUE IN GRAPE

In this research RAPD method was used with the help of individual selective short primers (10 mer)and long primers(15-21 mer). The number of produced polymorphic items ranged in order from 122 and 136 bands for short and long primers. In multiplication reaction , Items in the size area of 1904 to 564 pair base Resulted for short primers and 3530 to 564 pair base for long primers. In this study , by comparing the results gained from techniqe long and short primers in RAPD, the potential value of long primers for the production of polymorphism in grapes was indentified.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Case Based Learning with Conventional Teaching in Anatomy

Introduction: Case based learning (CBL ) is an efficient method of making dry subject like anatomy interesting and student centered. Subjects and Methods : A group of students of 1 st MBBs were taught by CBL while the other group was taught by conventional teaching methods and both the groups were assessed for their performance. Results: Students had a better understanding of the topic on being taught by CBL. Conclusion: CBL is a good approach to teach anatomy to medical students as it makes the subject quite lively and clinically oriented.
APPLICATION OF PLANT GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA TO RUNNER BEAN INCREASES SEED CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN YIELD

The potential of two rhizobacterial strains with plant growth promoting capabilities (mineral phosphate solubilization and IAA production traits) to influence the nutritive value of runner bean grains was assessed on plants cultivated in organic crop system. Seed inoculation with rhizobacterial strains improve the nutritive value of the harvested grains by enhancing the soluble protein content up to 11.97 % and total reducing carbohydrates content up to 28.97%. The number of fractions detected by SDS-PAGE analysis in the all extracts was around 20, without any significant differences between the control and the inoculated samples. Our study suggests that the two PGPR strains may be used as biofertilizer for vegetable production in sustainable and ecological agricultural systems.
POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF PERUVIAN PROSOPIS (FABACEAE)

Pollen morphology from ten Peruvian species of Prosopis genus (P. alba , P. chilensis , P. limensis , P. mantaroensis , P. pallida , P. peruviana , P. piurensis , P. purpurea , P. reptans and P. tupayachensis ) was examined using light microscopy (LM), looking for new features that might contribute to clarify classification of the genus in Peru. The Prosopis species are stenopalynous, which is an agreement with observations in previous studies of other species. Pollen is shed in monads and characterized by being isopolar, radially symmetric, generally prolate, and psilate. Pollen i s medium size (31.41 ‐ 23.89 µm in P. alba and 40.65 ‐ 22.04 µm in P. reptans ), tricolporate, with long and narrow colpi, a circular endoaperture and a reduced polar area. The exine has a range between 1.72 to 2.37 µm thick .
A user-oriented focus to create healthcare facilities; decision making on strategic values

In recent years, the effects of the physical environment on the healing process and wellbeing have proved to be increasingly relevant for patients and their families (PF) as well as for healthcare staff. The discussions focus on traditional and institutionally designed healthcare facilities (HCF) relative to the actual well-being of patients as an indicator of their health and recovery. This review investigates and structures the scientific research on an evidence-based healthcare design for PF and staff outcomes. Evidence-based design has become the theoretical concept for what are called healing environments. The results show the effects on PF and staff from the perspective of various aspects and dimensions of the physical environmental factors of HFC. A total of 798 papers were identified that fitted the inclusion criteria for this study. Of these, 65 articles were selected for review: fewer than 50% of these papers were classified with a high level of evidence, and 86% were included in the group of PF outcomes. This study demonstrates that evidence of staff outcomes is scarce and insufficiently substantiated. With the development of a more customer-oriented management approach to HCF, the implications of this review are relevant to the design and construction of HCF. Some design features to consider in future design and construction of HCF are single-patient rooms, identical rooms, and lighting. For future research, the main challenge will be to explore and specify staff needs and to integrate those needs into the built environment of HCF.
IN VITRO BACTERICIDAL AND BACTERIOSTATIC POTENTIAL OF INGRIDIENTS OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE OBTAINED FROM KACHA AREA (RIVER INDUS) DISTRICT D.I.KHAN, KPK, AGAINST HUMAN BACTERIAL PATHOGENS

The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate antimicrobial potential of medicinal plants obtained from kacha area of river indus, that are used as ingredients of traditional medicine for treatment of multiple infectious diseases. The antimicrobial activities of methanol and aqueous extracts of 5 medicinal plants of a traditional medicine were evaluated against 6 human gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcos luteus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, Klebsiella pneumoniae) pathogens. The disc diffusion and broth macro dilution assay was used to determine the zone of inhibitions and the minimum inhibitory concentration respectively. The ciprofloxacin and streptomycin were used as standard agents. Both aqueous and methanol fractions of all 5 tested plants exhibited antimicrobial activity against one or more species of microorganisms. The most active extract found was Azadirachta indica leaves which represented widest zone of inhibition of 16(±0.05) mm and minimum inhibitory concentration 0.19mg/ml against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Calotropis procera leaves was found least active representing lowest Zones of inhibition 3.13(±0.05) mm and highest minimum inhibitory concentration value (20mg/ml) against test microorganisms. Over all methanol fractions of medicinal plants represented stronger biological activity against test microorganisms than aqueous extracts. A good majority of extracts were bactericidal. These results afford the ground information for potential use of crude extracts with high MIC and MBC values. Moreover a synergistic effect is expected when used in combination. For this further attempt are in progress to investigate antimicrobial potential of combination medicine.