Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scléroses en plaques secondairement progressives actives : état des lieux au sein du registre Lorrain des Scléroses en plaques

Objectifs: Evaluer a chaque annee post debut de progression, parmi les patients atteints de SEP de forme SP, ceux presentant des signes d’activite clinique et/ou radiologique et identifier les facteurs predictifs de la persistance d’une activite au cours de la progression. Methodes: Etude observationnelle portant sur l’ensemble des patients issus du registre Lorrain des scleroses en plaques (ReLSEP) presentant une SEP de forme SP avec un debut de progression survenu entre le 01/01/2002 et le 31/12/2012 et avec une derniere evaluation clinique posterieure au debut de la progression. Etude de la proportion de patients presentant des signes d’activite clinique et/ou radiologique a chaque annee post debut de progression et a chaque annee calendaire entre 2002 et 2016. Identification des facteurs predictifs de la persistance d’une activite au cours de la progression a l’aide d’un modele aleatoire a effet mixte. Resultats: 833 patients ont ete suivis pendant une duree mediane de 8 ans. 63.6% des patients ont presente des signes d’activite clinique et/ou radiologique au cours du suivi. Cette activite est maximale au cours de la premiere annee post debut de progression puis diminue au cours du suivi, bien qu’il soit possible de presenter des signes d’activite tardive, notamment des signes de premiere activite en forme progressive. Les facteurs predictifs de la persistence d’une activite au cours d’une annee sont la duree de la forme progressive, l’âge au debut de la progression, le score EDSS au debut de l’annee et le taux annualise de poussee dans les cinq annees precedentes. Conclusion: Il existe un important recouvrement des phenomenes d’activite et de progression au cours de la forme SP, justifiant un suivi rigoureux et prolonge clinique et radiologique. L’identification de facteurs predictifs de la persistance d’une activite inflammatoire pourrait guider le clinicien dans le rythme de suivi clinico-radiologique afin d’orienter les patients vers une therapeutique adaptee.
Electronic Health Record Implementations and Insufficient Training Endanger Nurses’ Well-being: Cross-sectional Survey Study

Background High expectations have been set for the implementations of health information systems (HIS) in health care. However, nurses have been dissatisfied after implementations of HIS. In particular, poorly functioning electronic health records (EHRs) have been found to induce stress and cognitive workload. Moreover, the need to learn new systems may require considerable effort from nurses. Thus, EHR implementations may have an effect on the well-being of nurses. Objective This study aimed to examine the associations of EHR-to-EHR implementations and the sufficiency of related training with perceived stress related to information systems (SRIS), time pressure, and cognitive failures among registered nurses. Moreover, we examined the moderating effect of the employment sector (hospital, primary care, social services, and others) on these associations. Methods This study was a cross-sectional survey study of 3610 registered Finnish nurses in 2020. EHR implementation was measured by assessing whether the work unit of each respondent had implemented or will implement a new EHR (1) within the last 6 months, (2) within the last 12 months, (3) in the next 12 months, and (4) at no point within the last 12 months or in the forthcoming 12 months. The associations were examined using analyses of covariance adjusted for age, gender, and employment sector. Results The highest levels of SRIS (adjusted mean 4.07, SE 0.05) and time pressure (adjusted mean 4.55, SE 0.06) were observed among those who had experienced an EHR implementation within the last 6 months. The lowest levels of SRIS (adjusted mean 3.26, SE 0.04), time pressure (adjusted mean 4.41, SE 0.05), and cognitive failures (adjusted mean 1.84, SE 0.02) were observed among those who did not experience any completed or forthcoming implementations within 12 months. Nurses who perceived that they had received sufficient implementation-related training experienced less SRIS (F1=153.40, P<.001), time pressure (F1=80.95, P<.001), and cognitive failures (F1=34.96, P<.001) than those who had received insufficient training. Recent implementations and insufficient training were especially strongly associated with high levels of SRIS in hospitals. Conclusions EHR implementations and insufficient training related to these implementations may endanger the well-being of nurses and even lead to errors. Thus, it is extremely important for organizations to offer comprehensive training before, during, and after implementations. Moreover, easy-to-use systems that allow transition periods, a re-engineering approach, and user involvement may be beneficial to nurses in the implementation process. Training and other improvements would be especially important in hospitals.
Sult2b1 deficiency exacerbates ischemic stroke by promoting pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization in mice

Rationale: Stroke is a leading causes of human death worldwide. Ischemic damage induces the sterile neuroinflammation, which directly determines the recovery of patients. Lipids, a major component of the brain, significantly altered after stroke. Cholesterol sulfate, a naturally occurring analog of cholesterol, can directly regulate immune cell activation, indicating the possible involvement of cholesterol metabolites in neuroinflammation. Sulfotransferase family 2b member 1 (Sult2b1) is the key enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of cholesterol sulfate. This study aimed to investigate the function of Sult2b1 and cholesterol sulfate in the neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke. Methods and Results: Sult2b1-/- and wild-type mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Our data showed that Sult2b1-/- mice had larger infarction and worse neurological scores. To determine whether immune cells were involved in the worsening stroke outcome in Sult2b1-/- mice, bone marrow transplantation, immune cell depletion, and adoptive monocyte transfer were performed. Combined with CyTOF and immunofluorescence techniques, we demonstrated that after stroke, the peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages were the dominant cell type promoting the pro-inflammatory status in Sult2b1-/-mice. Using primary bone marrow-derived macrophages, we showed that cholesterol sulfate could attenuate the pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages under both normal and oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions by regulating the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) - cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway. Conclusions: Sult2b1-/- promoted the polarization of macrophages into pro-inflammatory status. This trend could be attenuated by adding cholesterol sulfate, which promotes the polarization of macrophages into anti-inflammatory status by metabolic regulation. In this study, we established an inflammation-metabolism axis during the macrophage polarization after ischemic stroke.
A Study of Fall Detection: Review and Implementation

This thesis presents a research study on Fall detection with a comprehensive survey on available related literature and an evaluation experiment. Fall detection is a major challenge in the public health care domain, especially for the elderly, and reliable surveillance is a necessity to mitigate the effects of falls. The technology and products related to fall detection have always been in high demand within the security and the health-care industries. An effective fall detection system is required to provide rgent support and to significantly reduce the medical care costs associated with falls. In this thesis, we initially give a comprehensive survey of different systems for fall detection and their underlying algorithms. Fall detection approaches are divided into three main categories: wearable device based, ambience device based and vision based. These approaches are summarised and compared with each other and a conclusion is derived with some discussions on possible future work. Then we present an evaluation of fall detection using optical flow. Optical flow is one of the widely used approaches in computer vision to estimate motion. The literature of optical flow is briefly reviewed and some of the methods are implemented with discussion on experimental results. The best output yielding algorithm with respect to accuracy is used to setup an evaluation of fall detection. The evaluation compares our experimental results with the results obtained using other techniques. At the end we draw a conclusion in general on our research study and in particular on our contributions: Fall detection survey and Fall detection Evaluation. We also point out the futuristic direction of our research study with suggestions on possible areas with further development.
Does bottle color protect red wine from photo‐oxidation?

Even if bottled red wines have an extended shelf life, they undergo several chemical changes, and producers are well aware of the importance of the packaging. However, there is a lack of research into the effect of light on their composition. Therefore, the storage conditions of a Sangiovese wines with respect to artificial light exposure (present/absent) and bottle color (transparent, brown, and green) were investigated. Thirty‐five chemical characteristics (physicochemical, UV‐VIS indexes, and volatile compounds) were recorded after 6 months of storage. Light exposure caused significant differences in total SO2 and a shift from red to yellow/orange color. For wines kept in transparent bottles, total red pigments, total phenol index, monomeric anthocyanins, copigmentation, chemical age, and some volatile compounds showed significant differences, depending on whether it was exposed to light or not. On the contrary, light exposure was found not significant for the wine stored in green and brown bottles, Finally, an overall increase in variability was found for light‐exposed wine in transparent bottles which could be considered, in itself, a measure of lack of quality.
Do the Loss of Thigh Muscle Strength and Tibial Malrotation Cause Anterior Knee Pain after Tibia Intramedullary Nailing?

Purpose Anterior knee pain (AKP) is a common complication after tibia intramedullary nailing surgery, but yet the etiology is not fully revealed. Our study had two hypotheses. The first one is “after tibia intramedullary nailing with transtendinous approach, thigh muscles strength decreases and this loss of muscle strength causes AKP. ” Secondly, “lower extremity rotational profile is affected after tibia intramedullary nailing. ” Methods. Our study was planned retrospectively and included 40 patients, who underwent tibia intramedullary nailing surgery. Mean follow-up time was 22.5 months. Tegner Lysholm knee scoring scale was applied to evaluate postoperative functional outcomes of all patients. Isometric muscle strengths of bilateral knee extensor and flexor muscle groups were compared with hand-held dynamometer. In addition, bilateral lower extremity Staheli rotational profile angles (foot progression angle (FPA), thigh-foot angle (TFA), and transmalleolar angle (TMA)) were compared. Results Lysholm knee score was evaluated as excellent in 28 patients. AKP were detected in 15 patients and there was no significant difference between the injured limb with contralateral quadriceps mean muscle strength (injured limb mean (ILM) = 201.97 Newton (N) – contralateral mean (CM) = 205.4 N). However, there was a significant difference (p<0,05) between injured limb with contralateral extremity hamstring mean muscle strength (ILM = 153.2 N– CM=158.95 N). Although there was a significant difference between the two extremities' rotational profile angles, there was no significant correlation between the rotational profile angles and knee pain. Conclusion As a result of our study, AKP appears to be significantly related to the loss of hamstring muscle strength. We suppose that hamstring exercises will gain importance in rehabilitation programs of tibia intramedullary nailing surgery in future.
Dynamic Simulation of Shipboard Electric Power Systems

Abstract : It is the aim of the proposed research to develop digital computer simulation models for a typical shipboard electric propulsion system, conduct dynamic analyses and determine viable control schemes for such a system. Electric propulsion for shipboard use is being considered as an attractive alternative to the geared diesel and gas turbine mechanical drives currently being used in most naval ships. Prior to building an electric propulsion drive system, the dynamic behavior must be understood and methods for controlling the system have to be determined. A shipboard electrical system is small in size and has fewer components than a typical commercial power distribution system. A typical combatant ship may have three or four generators with a combined capacity of 80-100 megawatts. Most of this capacity is used by the propulsion motors, which for a two shaft ship will be rated in the range of 35-40 megawatts each. These loads, which are large with respect to the generating capacity, make the analysis of shipboard electrical systems more difficult than typical commercial power systems. Many of the simplifying assumptions used in the analysis of commercial power systems are not valid with shipboard systems. This complication requires a detailed model of the entire system including the relevant dynamic of each component.
Diversity of COVID-19 News Media Coverage across 17 Countries: The Influence of Cultural Values, Government Stringency and Pandemic Severity

The current media studies of COVID-19 devote asymmetrical attention to social media; in contrast, newspapers have received comparatively less attention. Newspapers are an integral source of current information that are syndicated and amplified by social media to a wide global audience. This is one of the first known studies to operationalize news media diversity and examine its association with cultural values during the pandemic. We tracked the global diversity of COVID-19 coverage in a news media database of 12 billion words, collated from 28 million articles over 7000 news websites, across 8 months. Media diversity was measured weekly by the number of unique descriptors of 10 target terms of the pandemic (e.g., COVID-19, coronavirus) and normalized by the corpus size for the respective countries per week. Government Stringency was taken from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker and cultural scores were taken from Hofstede’s Cultural Values global database. Results showed that Media Diversity Rate increased 6.7 times over 8 months, from the baseline period (October–December 2019) to during the pandemic (January–May 2020). Mixed effects modelling revealed that higher COVID-19 prevalence rates and governmental stringency predicted this increase. Interestingly, collectivist cultures are linked to more diverse media coverage during COVID-19. It is possible that news outlets in collectivist societies are motivated to present a diverse array of topics given the impact of COVID-19 on every segment of society. Of broader significance, we provided a framework to design targeted public health communications that are culturally nuanced.
Learning disabilities and the virtual college campus: A grounded theory of accessibility

Two trends currently impacting higher education intersect in this study: (1) students with learning disabilities are enrolling in colleges and universities in increasing numbers, and (2) colleges and universities are increasingly relying on the web to provide services to students. This reliance on the “virtual campus” comes without apparent consideration of accessibility issues that may be experienced by students with learning disabilities. This study explored the experiences of 16 college students, self-identified as having learning disabilities, as they interacted with the virtual campus of one college. Consistent with the social model of disability, this study initially focused on the features of the virtual campus that were both helpful and not helpful to the informants as they performed eight tasks considered typical of those expected of a college student. Using a grounded theory methodology, the model that evolved from this data indicated that to understand the informants’ experiences, consideration had to be given also to what the informants brought to the experience, including their active choice and use of helpful strategies. The results of this study suggest that web accessibility as currently conceived is too limiting. A “one-size-fits-all” approach to universal access is unrealistic as users of the virtual campus bring varied strengths and capabilities as well as varied impairments to their interaction with web-based services. While colleges and universities are encouraged to follow current usability and accessibility principles, attention should also be given to the construction of a web-human interface that can be individualized to meet a user’s specific needs. LEARNING DISABILITIES AND THE VIRTUAL COLLEGE CAMPUS: A GROUNDED THEORY OF ACCESSIBILITY By Nancy L. Hollins B.S. University of Minnesota, 1973 M.S. Syracuse University, 1988 Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Instructional Design, Development, and Evaluation. Syracuse University May 2012 Copyright © Nancy Hollins 2012 All Rights Reserved
Adhocism: The Case for Improvisation

When this book first appeared in 1972, it was part of the spirit that would define a new architecture and design era--a new way of thinking ready to move beyond the purist doctrines and formal models of modernism. Charles Jencks and Nathan Silver's book was a manifesto for a generation that took pleasure in doing things ad hoc, using materials at hand to solve real-world problems. The implications were subversive. Turned-off citizens of the 1970s immediately adopted the book as a DIY guide. The word "adhocism" entered the vocabulary, the concept of adhocism became part of the designer's toolkit, and Adhocism became a cult classic. Now Adhocism is available again, with new texts by Jencks and Silver reflecting on the past forty years of adhocism and new illustrations demonstrating adhocism's continuing relevance. Adhocism has always been around. (Think Robinson Crusoe, making a raft and then a shelter from the wreck of his ship.) As a design principle, adhocism starts with everyday improvisations: a bottle as a candleholder, a dictionary as a doorstop, a tractor seat on wheels as a dining room chair. But it is also an undeveloped force within the way we approach almost every activity, from play to architecture to city planning to political revolution. Engagingly written, filled with pictures and examples from areas as diverse as auto mechanics and biology, Adhocism urges us to pay less attention to the rulebook and more to the real principle of how we actually do things. It declares that problems are not necessarily solved in a genius's "eureka! " moment but by trial and error, adjustment and readjustment.
Phase transition in vanadium oxide films formed by multistep deposition

VOx films deposited using the multistep method have been investigated. These films were deposited by repeating the two-stage method of low-temperature deposition – low-temperature annealing. The structure and characteristics of VOx thin films have been studied. Taking into account the obtained results, theoretical modeling of the structure was performed and the parameters of the metal-insulator transition have been calculated.
Soft-walled monothalamids (Rhizaria: foraminifera) of the Crimean shelf (Black Sea): taxonomic composition and inter-regional patterns of species diversity and distribution

ABSTRACT We present new data on monothalamous (single-chambered) foraminifera from the Black Sea Crimean shelf zone between Karkinitsky Gulf in the west to the area near Kerch in the east. Within this region we recognized a total of 40 morphospecies; 8 are assigned, in some cases tentatively, to known species and another 9 to known genera, again sometimes tentatively. Twelve species (all undescribed) are reported here for the first time. The most abundant species are Psammophaga sp. (sensu Gooday et al. 2011), Goodayia rostellata Sergeeva & Anikeeva 2008 and Vellaria pellucida Gooday & Fernando 1992, each of which is evenly distributed in all studied areas. The highest species richness of monothalamous foraminifera was observed in the Yalta region. Based on a multivariate analysis of monothalamid assemblage structure and diversity indices [Shannon (H’), Margalef (D’), eveness Pielou (J’), Simpson (1-λ’) and rarefaction ES(n)], we recognized three groups of stations, corresponding to the Western, Southern and Eastern coasts of the Crimean peninsula. The monothalamid assemblages found in each of these coastal regions exhibit different structural features and are distinguished by certain characteristic species.
Effect of Rotating Magnetic Field on Microstructure in AlCuSi Alloys

The solidification of AlCuSi alloys with Mn and Fe was studied by rotating a magnetic field to understand the effect of melt flow. The specimens solidified with a forced convection, low cooling rate and low temperature gradient. Electromagnetic stirring generated by an electric coil around the specimens caused a transformation from equiaxed dendritic to rosette morphology, occasionally with spheroids and minor dendrites. The transformation was quantitatively observed with a specific surface Sv, that decreased for almost all alloys and marked the flow effect on α-Al. The computer coupling of phase diagrams and thermochemistry (CALPHAD) technique was applied for the calculation of phase diagrams and property diagrams. Forced convection decreased secondary dendrite arm spacing λ2 in almost all alloys, while it increased slightly in one studied alloy. The length of detrimental β-Al5FeSi phases decreased in the alloy, where β starts to precipitate in the presence of α-Al, while increasing in alloys where β starts as first and grows in the fully liquid melt. The average overall dimension of the Mn-rich phases increased in almost all alloys, and the number density decreased under flow. The modification of spacing for AlSi-eutectics and Al2Cu was analyzed. It was found that the occurrence of Al2Cu does not influence the fluid flow and vice versa.