Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Most Valuable Predictive Factors for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Preterm Infants

Introduction: It is urgent to make a rapid screening of infants at the highest risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) via some succinct postnatal biomarkers, such as Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU) infection and chest radiograph images. Methods: A retrospective study was performed. Moderate to severe BPD or death was set as the main outcome. The association between putative variables and the main outcome were assessed by bivariate analyses and logistic regression. Results: A total of 134 infants were enrolled. Bivariate analyses showed the gestational age, birth weight, appearances of diffuse opacities or grid shadows/interstitial opacities or mass opacities or cystic lucencies on chest radiographic images, a ductal diameter ≥1.5 mm and whether UU infection was associated with BPD. After adjustment by logistic regression, the risk of BPD with gestational age, sex and specific chest-radiographic manifestations remained significant. Conclusions: Chest radiograph images (appearance of diffuse opacities or grid shadows/interstitial opacities or mass opacities or cystic lucencies) could provide a quick prediction of developing BPD in clinical practice, in addition to gestational age and sex. UU infection was not an independent risk factor for BPD.
Rethinking organizational strategies and policies for employee retention in the wake of the migration crisis

Migration opportunities are perceived as an incentive for many (un)satisfied employees to leave their workplace. Remaining job seekers enjoy more employment opportunities and greater bargaining power for better working conditions, which may ultimately lead to employee satisfaction and greater work autonomy. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of work overload and autonomy on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intent among employees in selected industrial sectors in the wake of migration. The job demands-resource (JD-R) model is used to examine the relationship between work overload, autonomy, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intent. The study uses a cross-sectional quantitative approach with one hundred and fifty respondents from different industries. The findings reveal a negative effect of work overload and a positive impact of autonomy on job satisfaction. Results indicate that job satisfaction negatively affects turnover intent and has a positive effect on organizational commitment. Considering the increasing level of migration which serves as an additional incentive to leave organizations, the study suggests that employers should consider multiple strategies centred on the increase of employee satisfaction, reduction of work overload, and increment of autonomy.
Banks of a Feather: The Informational Advantage of Being Alike

Banks lend more to banks that are similar to them. Using data from the German credit register and proprietary supervisory data on the quality of banks’ loan portfolio, we show that a similar portfolio of the lending and borrowing bank helps to overcome information asymmetries in interbank markets. While interbank lenders generally do not adjust their lending to information on the counterparty’s portfolio quality, banks with an exposure to similar industries and regions strongly react to this private information. Lending between similar banks is particularly important for borrowers with an opaque loan portfolio, which do not obtain credit from dissimilar peers. JEL codes: E50; G11; G20; G21
The Wadden Sea ecosystem : stability properties and mechanisms

Introduction ELAWAT: Goals and Conceptual Framework Study Area: The Backbarrier Tidal Flats of Spiekeroog Statistical Models and Techniques for the Analysis of Conditions of an Ecological System Spatial and Temporal Distribution Patterns and Their Underlying Causes Recolonization of Tidal Flats After Disturbance Effects of the Ice Winter 1995/96 Grid-Based Modelling of Macrozoobenthos in the Intertidal of the Wadden Sea: Potentials and Limitations Stability Properties in the Wadden Sea Assessing Stability Properties: How Suitable is this Approach for Ecosystem Research in the Wadden Sea? - Joint Research Projects: Experiences and Recommendations Protection of Processes in the Wadden Sea Summary Appendix Index (References in each chapter).
Relationship between Perceived Stress, Obesity, and Hypertension in Korean Adults and Older Adults

Background: Perceived stress has a significant effect on metabolic diseases, including obesity and hypertension. However, the association between stress levels, obesity, and hypertension according to age and sex is not fully understood. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between stress levels and obesity and hypertension in Korean adults and older adults. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2015 survey of the Korea National Physical Fitness Project conducted by the Korea Institute of Sports Science and the Korea Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism. Of the 3457 participants, 2829 were adults (20–64 years old) and 628 were older adults (≥65 years old). The correlation between obesity and hypertension according to the degree of perceived stress (low, medium, and high) was analyzed using the chi-square test. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of perceived stress levels on obesity and hypertension. Age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, exercise frequency, smoking, breakfast, and sleeping hours were included as covariates. Results: In adult males, perceived stress levels, age, and diastolic blood pressure were found to have a significant impact on obesity rates, whereas age and breakfast had a significant effect on hypertension rates. In adult females, age and systolic blood pressure were found to significantly influence obesity rates, whereas age, BMI, and exercise frequency had a significant impact on hypertension rates. In older adult females, perceived stress levels and systolic blood pressure were found to significantly impact obesity rates, and sleep duration influenced the rates of hypertension. The effect of perceived stress level on obesity and hypertension rates was less pronounced in the elderly population than in the adult population. Conclusions: This study revealed age and sex differences in the relationship between perceived stress, obesity, and hypertension among Koreans. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationship between perceived stress and metabolic disorders and emphasize the need for a deeper understanding of the specific factors involved in the prevention and management of metabolic diseases.
An Experimental Comparison of Multiwinner Voting Rules on Approval Elections

In this paper, we experimentally compare major approval based multiwinner voting rules. To this end, we define a measure of similarity between two equal sized committees subject to a given election. Using synthetic elections coming from several distributions, we analyze how similar are the committees provided by prominent voting rules. Our results can be visualized as maps of voting rules, which provide a counterpoint to a purely axiomatic classification of voting rules. The strength of our proposed method is its independence from preimposed classifications (such as the satisfaction of concrete axioms), and that it indeed offers a much finer distinction than the current state of axiomatic analysis.
Thriving and Striving: The Paradox of Leading and Following for Women Mid-level Administrators in the Community College

In this qualitative study, I explored the meaning that ten mid-level women administrators ascribe to the experience of being both a leader and a follower within the community college sector. Previous research indicates that mid-level women administrators are under-valued as leaders and followers despite their capacity and influential connectivity up, down, and across the organizational chart. Participants discussed their experiences through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and described the perceived effects of those experiences on their leadership and followership practices. Three overarching themes emerged from the transcript analysis of the narratives: leading with purpose; complications of following; and navigating an adverse work environment. Implications from the findings suggest that community college leaders at all levels will benefit from shared leadership professional development, interrogation of implicit gender bias embedded with the institution, and the reduction and removal of race-based microaggressions among faculty, staff, and administrators. By understanding the leading and following experiences of women in mid-level administrative positions in the community college, this study contributes to a broader inclusion of leadership beyond the privileging of senior-level positions.
Learning Dissemination Strategies for External Sources in Opinion Dynamic Models with Cognitive Biases

The opinions of members of a population are influenced by opinions of their peers, their own predispositions, and information from external sources via one or more information channels (e.g., news, social media). Due to individual cognitive biases, the perceptual impact of and importance assigned by agents to information on each channel can be different. In this paper, we propose a model of opinion evolution that uses prospect theory to represent perception of information from the external source along each channel. Our prospect-theoretic model reflects traits observed in humans such as loss aversion, assigning inflated (deflated) values to low (high) probability events, and evaluating outcomes relative to an individually known reference point. We consider the problem of determining information dissemination strategies for the external source to adopt in order to drive opinions of individuals towards a desired value. However, computing a strategy faces a challenge that agents' initial predispositions and functions characterizing their perceptions of information disseminated might be unknown. We overcome this challenge by using Gaussian process learning to estimate these unknown parameters. When the external source sends information over multiple channels, the problem of jointly selecting optimal dissemination strategies is in general, combinatorial. We prove that this problem is submodular, and design near-optimal dissemination algorithms. We evaluate our model on three different widely used large graphs that represent real-world social interactions. Our results indicate that the external source can effectively drive opinions towards a desired value when using prospect-theory based dissemination strategies.
Fingolimod for multiple sclerosis and emerging indications: appropriate patient selection, safety precautions, and special considerations

: Fingolimod (FTY720), an immunotherapeutic drug targeting the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor, is a widely used medication for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). Apart from the pivotal Phase III trials demonstrating efficacy against placebo and interferon-β -1a once weekly, sufficient clinical data are now available to assess its real-world efficacy and safety profile. Approved indications of fingolimod differ between countries. This discrepancy, to some extent, reflects the intermediate position of fingolimod in the expanding lineup of MS medications. With individualization of therapy, appropriate patient selection gets more important. We discuss various scenarios for fingolimod use in relapsing-remitting MS and their pitfalls: as first-line therapy, as escalation therapy after failure of previous immunotherapies, and as de-escalation therapy following highly potent immunotherapies. Potential side effects such as bradycardia, infections, macular edema, teratogenicity, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy as well as appropriate safety precautions are outlined. Disease reactivation has been described upon fingolimod cessation; therefore, patients should be closely monitored for MS activity for several months after stopping fingolimod. Finally, we discuss preclinical and clinical data indicating neuroprotective effects of fingolimod, which might open the way to future indications such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and other neurodegenerative disorders.
INVESTIGATING THE SEROLOGICAL RESPONSE AND SAFETY OF BRUCELLA MELITENSIS REV.1 CONJUNCTIVAL VACCINE IN SMALL RUMINANTS

Mass vaccination, which is one of the main control policies, provides herd immunity against infectious diseases. This could contribute to the control of the disease and eventually its eradication. The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and humoral immune response of Brucella melitensis Rev.1 vaccine before the start of mass vaccination. A total of 741 sheep and goats were vaccinated conjunctivally. No adverse effect was observed after the vaccination of the animals. No abortion was seen in pregnant animals. Vaccine strain was isolated from some milk samples taken from only lactating vaccinated goats. Excretion of the vaccine strain was not intense and long-termed. Post-vaccination immune response was evaluated by serological tests, namely, Rose Bengal Plate Test, Serum Agglutination Test and Complement Fixation Test. One month after vaccination, the immune response was high, and the decrease of antibody titers was the highest four to six months after vaccination by inversely correlated with the age of the vaccinated animals. In conclusion, we observed that Brucella melitensis Rev.1 vaccine, used conjunctivally, was safe enough for the animals, and vaccinated animals had high vaccine-induced immune response.
Association between precocious puberty and obesity risk in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association between early onset puberty and the risk of different forms of obesity in children. Methods The databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for relevant studies. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of obesity in precocious puberty were calculated using Stata software 14.0. A fixed-effects model was used if P > 0.1 and I2 ≤ 50%. Otherwise, a random-effects model was used. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test. Result The pooling analysis showed that precocious puberty in girls was associated with a higher risk of obesity (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.76–2.24; I2 = 0.00%, P < 0.001). Girls with a history of precocious puberty were found to have an increased risk of general obesity (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.62–2.55; I2 = 22.2%, P < 0.001), central obesity (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.70–2.26; I2 = 0.00%, P < 0.001), and overweight (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.68–2.46; I2 = 5.1%, P < 0.001). The pooled analysis showed that precocious puberty in boys was not associated with an increased risk of obesity (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.86–1.51; I2 = 50.6%, P = 0.369). In boys, the occurrence of precocious puberty was not associated with an elevated risk of general obesity (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.40–2.27; I2 = 79.6%, P = 0.922), central obesity (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.96–1.43; I2 = 0.00%, P = 0.125), or overweight (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.56–1.88; I2 = 74.4%, P = 0.930). Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that the onset of puberty at an early age in girls is associated with an increased risk of obesity, however precocious puberty in boy was not associated with an increased risk of obesity. These findings highlight that precocious puberty should be considered an independent risk factor for obesity in girls. Systematic Review Registration CRD42023404479.
Sleep and Perceived Stress: An Exploratory Mediation Analysis of the Role of Self-Control and Resilience among University Students

Background: High levels of stress are frequent in university education, and a lack of sleep has been reported to make students more vulnerable to stress. The mechanisms through which sleep harms students have not been sufficiently clarified; therefore, this study aimed to explore the mediating role of self-control and resilience in the relationship between sleep quality and duration and perceived stress. Methods: Of 32 first-year college students, 21 (78%) were women, with a mean age of 18.47 (±0.84). They responded to a self-administered survey that included questions on stress, resilience, and sleep quality and recorded their daily sleep duration using a wristband for six days. Results: Perceived stress was significantly correlated with resilience (r = −0.63), self-control (r = −0.46), sleep duration (r = −0.35), and lower sleep quality (r = 0.57). Path analysis revealed that self-control and resilience were partially mediated by sleep quality (R2 = 0.62; p < 0.01) and completely mediated by sleep duration (R2 = 0.46; p < 0.01). In both models, self-control had a direct effect on resilience and had a good-fit index. Conclusion: Being resilient seems to play a mediating role in the relationship between sleep and perceived stress; this ability can be favored by self-control, which is directly influenced by sleep.
Computer aided detection of leaf disease in agriculture using convolution neural network based squeeze and excitation network

ABSTRACT The support rendered by artificial intelligence in plant disease diagnosis and with drastic progression in the agricultural technology, it is necessary to do pertinent research for the cause of long-term agricultural development. Numerous diseases like early and late blight have a significant influence on the quality and quantity of potatoes. Manual interpretation turns out to be a time-consuming process in sorting out leaf diseases. In order to classify various diseases like fungal, viral and bacterial infections in the potato leaf, an enhanced Convolution Neural Network based on VGG16 is used for potato leaf disease classification. Improved Median filter is also used which eradicates the noise to a greater extent. The convolution layers of VGG16 along with the Inception and the SE block are used in this research for classification. The global average pooling layer is used to reduce model training parameters, layer and Squeeze and Excitation Network attention mechanism is used to improve the model’s ability to extract features. The approximate calculations can be done by using soft computing. Compared with other traditional convolutional neural networks, the proposed model achieved the highest classification accuracy of 99.3%
Ultrasound Diagnosis of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations: A Systematic Review

Background : Uterine arteriovenous malformations (UAVM) are especially relevant vascular abnormalities due to the vital risk that may stem from severe genital bleeding. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the ultrasound criteria for the diagnosis of UAVM and determine which ones are the consistently relevant for the diagnosis of UAVM. Methods : For this systemic review, we followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The systematic search was carried out in PubMed and Embase databases up to January 31st, 2023. The total amount of articles compiled with the search strategy was 3191. Results : 21 records met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The results revealed the heterogeneity in the studies on UAVM, as not all studies use the same ultrasound (US) features. Most of the included articles described data on US findings in the grayscale mode, which were variable and not specific for the diagnosis. In
Evaluation of an anti-bullying intervention in the school context

Abstract Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an anti-bullying intervention carried out with adolescents from public schools. Methods: A longitudinal, quasi-experimental design was used, with pre-test and immediate post-test evaluations. A sociodemographic questionnaire, Cartoon Test, KIDSCREEN-52, and Social Support Appraisals were used. The intervention had four editions and consisted of eight weekly meetings, amounting to 16 hours. A total of 69 adolescents (12-17 years) participated in the study, 40 of which were allocated to the Experimental Group and 29 to the Control Group. Results: After the intervention, the Experimental Group demonstrated improvements in the adolescents’ perception of bullying, quality of life, and social support. The intergroup analysis indicated a better perception of bullying for the Experimental Group. Conclusion: From the data, it can be concluded that the intervention demonstrated its effectiveness and has the potential to be replicated in the school context.
Efficient and Equitable Deployment of Mobile Vaccine Distribution Centers

Vaccines have proven to be extremely effective in preventing the spread of COVID-19 and potentially ending the pandemic. Lack of access caused many people not getting vaccinated early, so states such as Virginia deployed mobile vaccination sites in order to distribute vaccines across the state. Here we study the problem of deciding where these facilities should be placed and moved over time in order to minimize the distance each person needs to travel in order to be vaccinated. Traditional facility location models for this problem fail to incorporate the fact that our facilities are mobile (i.e., they can move over time). To this end, we instead model vaccine distribution as the Dynamic k-Supplier problem and give the first approximation algorithms for this problem. We then run extensive simulations on real world datasets to show the efficacy of our methods. In particular, we find that natural baselines for Dynamic k-Supplier cannot take advantage of the mobility of the facilities, and perform worse than non-mobile k-Supplier algorithms.
CAN CYBER RISK OF HEALTH CARE FIRMS BE INSURED? A MULTINOMIAL LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL

ABSTRACT The healthcare sector is prone to Distributed Denial-of-Service and Ransomware attacks owing to unsecured networks and software. This results in stalling of outpatient and inpatient operations of a hospital. In this study, we propose an H-CRAM model that computes the risk of a cyber-attack based on the threat appraisal component of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) using multinomial logistic regression. We also hypothesize that training the healthcare staff, implementing IT governance, and intervening technology will decrease the probability of the occurrence of a cyber threat. The severity of the risk is computed using Collective Risk Modelling. Next, based on the coping appraisal component of PMT, Rational Choice Theory, and NIST guidelines, we propose that the CIO of a healthcare firm should first reduce the cyber-risk by investing in encrypting Electronic Health Records, Security Incident and Event Management (SIEM) and Security Orchestration, Automation and Response (SOAR) tools. Then pass the residual cyber risk to a cyber insurer.
Conditions for different autonomy regimes in the world : a fuzzy-set application

Avhandlingen behandlar temat territoriell autonomi ur ett globalt perspektiv. Syftet ar dels att kartlagga de territoriella autonomierna i varlden och dels att visa hur en ny metod som fuzzy-set kan anvandas inom amnesomradet jamforande politik. Forskningsproblemet ar att forsoka finna de bakgrundsfaktorer som forklarar uppkomsten av territoriell autonomi som sadant. Territoriella autonomier ses som sarlosningar inom stater. Dessa regioner har erhallit en specialstallning i forhallande till andra regioner inom respektive stat och aven i forhallande till centralmakten i ovrigt. Regionerna kan darfor ses som undantag inom det enhetliga federala, regionala eller decentraliserade systemet inom en viss stat ifraga. En kartlaggning visar att det finns 65 specialregioner fordelade pa 25 stater i varlden. De flesta av dessa utgors av oar. Resultaten visar att det finns tva vagar vilka leder till territoriell autonomi i allmanhet. Den ena vagen ar en kombination av etnisk sarpragel och liten befolkningsmangd, medan den andra vagen utgors av kombinationen av historiska orsaker och geografiskt avstand. Bada vagar ar lika giltiga och forutsattningen ar en demokratisk miljo.