Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Microcystins in Drinking Water by ELISA and LC/MS/MS

Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) were compared for analyzing microcystins in water. ELISA results of microcystin‐LR spiked into raw water samples were close to the spike concentrations, but method variability was ±25%. However, ELISA‐derived microcystin‐LA concentrations were two to three times higher than the spike concentrations obtained using the kit‐provided microcystin‐LR standards, indicating the need for variant‐appropriate ELISA standards. LC/MS/MS results agreed with spike concentrations for all variants in reagent water, but matrix suppression was observed in some raw waters. In bench‐scale studies, ozonated microcystins generated low‐level positive responses by ELISA and a protein phosphatase inhibition assay, even though microcystins were not detected by LC/MS/MS. These findings indicate that ELISA results—particularly in treated water—should be interpreted with caution because of the possibility of false‐positives, relatively high variability, and differential detection of some variants.
Effectiveness of intracanal calcium hydroxide medicament in treating periapical lesions: a systematic review

Previous literature has shown that calcium hydroxide (CH) is a useful intracanal medicament for root canals. However, there is no conclusive evidence of its success rate in patients with periapical lesion. This study aimed to investigate the success rate and impact effect of endodontic treatment was done with CH in treating periapical lesions. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar as an engine to retrieve rele­ vant interventional studies. Interventional studies were done on the success rate and impact effect of CH for pa­ tients with periapical lesion by endodontic treatment/retreatment approaches. Reviews, duplicate, animal studies, and other irrelevant studies were excluded. Two investigators independently following the (PRISMA) guidelines conducted the study selection and data collection process. The outcomes of this review were the status of the peri­ apical lesion at the end of follow­up. We retrieved 8 studies with 481 participants. The success rate of CH in this review was 75.5%. The success rate of CH was 16% in patients with periapical/radicular cysts and 74% in patients with apical periodontitis after intracanal CH medicament. The post­treatment follow­up period showed a high success rate in patients with > 1­year post­treatment follow­up (62%) while the success was 30% in 6 month – 1­year post­treatment follow­ups. CH has a higher healing effect in lesions of ≤ 5 mm diameter than > 5 mm diame ter (81.6% vs. 18.4%). Finally, intracanal CH has a clinically significant effect on the healing of periapical le­ sions. This review suggests orthograde root canal treatment with CH as an alternative to periapical/apical surgery. calcium hydroxide, intracanal medicament.
A Root Density Tradeoff in an Okra-Assisted Subsurface Pipe Drainage System for Amelioration of Saline Soil

Subsurface pipe drainage technology can effectively improve coastal saline land in Northern China. We explored an okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)-assisted subsurface pipe drainage system to improve the water and salt discharge performance and benefits. In this study, the simulation box experiment was conducted to research the response of water and salt discharge performance in subsurface pipe drainage to okra root weight density (RWD). The drain outflow, soil salinity, and sodium adsorption ratio were determined. The results showed that okra RWD affected the vertical distribution of okra roots. Okra with an appropriate RWD (about 116 μg·cm−3) could significantly increase the cumulative drain outflow. Okra with an appropriate RWD (about 136 μg·cm−3) could significantly increase the desalting effect. Moreover, the RWD of okra also influenced the ability of subsurface pipe drainage to inhibit soil alkalization. The above results show that planting okra and installing subsurface pipe drainage to control drainage at the coastal saline land in Northern China can effectively improve the water and salt drainage effect when okra RWD is about 116–136 μg·cm−3. When using subsurface pipe drainage to improve coastal saline soils, planting okra with proper density may be an appropriate choice to improve the effect and benefit.
Costs and Healthcare Resource Utilization Associated with Posterior Capsule Opacification After Cataract Surgery with Five Different Intraocular Lenses: An Economic Analysis for Spain

Purpose To estimate the economic impact of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy and its related complications for five different intraocular lenses (IOLs) from the payer and hospital perspectives in Spain. Materials and Methods The three-year incidence rates of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy after cataract surgery with five different single-piece acrylic monofocal IOLs (AcrySof IOLs, AJL LLASY60, IOL Tech Stabibag, Medicontur Bi-flex, Zeiss Asphina) for 8293 patients were derived from odds ratios of multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, and diabetic retinopathy. A cost-consequence model for a hypothetical cohort of 2000 eyes was then developed to quantify the potential impact of Nd:YAG capsulotomy in terms of costs and time for each of the included IOLs, from the payer and hospital perspectives. Results The adjusted three-year Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy incidence was 5.0% (95% CI 3.9 to 6.1) for AcrySof and ranged from 26.0% to 44.0% for the other four IOLs. The average costs of Nd:YAG treatment and related complications were €261.90 for payers and €19.99 for hospitals. The average time needed for Nd:YAG treatment and related complications was 32.82 minutes. Model estimates based on 2000 hypothetical cataract surgeries showed that AcrySof IOLs could lead to cost savings between €110,259.90 and €205,591.50 for payers. For hospitals, time, and cost savings with AcrySof ranged from 230.29 hours and €8415.79 compared to Zeiss Asphina to 429.40 hours and €15,692.15 compared to AJL LLASY60 IOLs. Conclusion Post cataract surgery, AcrySof IOLs were associated with a significantly lower incidence of Nd:YAG treatment and its subsequent complications compared to other IOLs. Our analysis shows that IOL choice is an important factor that can reduce the burden for patients, payers, and hospitals.
Ex-vivo Placental Lipid Metabolism of Normal Weight, Overweight and Diabetic Women: A Preliminary Study

Obesity and diabetes mellitus are documented major risk factors for maternal and fetal health complications. Maternal lipid metabolism is greatly changed when pregnancy is complicated with obesity and diabetes mellitus. The effects of maternal obesity on placental lipid metabolism are not fully understood and thereby needs to be elucidated. Our objective is to study the lipid metabolism in the placenta of normal weight, overweight/obese and diabetic women, and to assess placental, maternal and cord serum triglycerides (TG). The term placentae, maternal and cord blood were collected from three (3) normal weight, three (3) overweight/obese and two (2) diabetic women during elective caesarean sections. The total lipid content of the placenta was measured using the Folch method. Lipolysis assay was carried out in placental tissue explant using an optimized method. Triglyceride levels of placental tissue, maternal, and cord serum were measured using a commercial reagent kit. The Placental total lipid (mg/500mg placental tissue) deposition was highest in the overweight (35.7Â±0.5), followed by diabetic (30.7Â±3.4) women, while both these groups had significantly higher (P<0.05) lipid contents than normal-weight women (19.6Â±3.9). However, the placental lipolysis among the three groups did not differ. The maternal-to-placental-to-cord TG ratio of the overweight women was 22:2:2, while it was 19:2:4 in diabetic and 16:2:1 in normal-weight women. Our study implies that although maternal obesity and diabetes affect placental lipid deposition, they may not have a notable effect on placental lipolysis. However, cord TG and maternal-to-cord TG ratio were markedly high among diabetic women.
Modal Analysis of a Discrete Tire Model with a Contact Patch and Rolling Conditions Using the Finite Difference Method

Obtaining the modal parameters of a tire with ground contact and rolling conditions represents a challenge due to the complex vibration characteristic behaviors that cause the distortion of the tire’s symmetry and the bifurcation phenomena of the natural frequencies. An in-plane rigid–elastic-coupled tire model was used to examine the 200 DOF finite difference method (FDM) modal analysis accuracy under non-ground contact and non-rotating conditions. The discrete in-plane rigid–elastic-coupled tire model was modified to include the contact patch restriction, centrifugal force and Coriolis effect, covering a range from 0 to 300 Hz. As a result, the influence of the contact patch and the rotating tire conditions on the natural frequencies and modes were obtained through modal analysis.
Punishment Reactions to Powerful Suspects

Abstract. This study aimed to replicate the intuitive retributivism hypothesis, according to which people’s punitive sentiments are predominantly driven by retributive concerns. Contrary to prior research that focuses on how people punish offenders, this study investigated how people punish individuals suspected of immoralities. Moreover, we manipulated a suspect’s power level (high/low/undefined) and stated contrasting hypotheses (the “power corrupts” approach vs. the “power leniency” approach) regarding the impact of power on punishment motives. Finally, we investigated the mediating role of recidivism and guilt likelihood in these effects. The results replicated the intuitive retributivism hypothesis and revealed the robustness of this effect. Moreover, in line with the “power corrupts” approach, we found that the role of utilitarian (but not retributive or restorative) motives is stronger in the punishment of powerful suspects as opposed to powerless ones. Unexpectedly, neither guilt likelihood nor recidivism of a suspect mediated the effects of power on punishment motives.
Liquid Level Control of Separator in an OTEC Experimental Plant with Uehara Cycle via LQG Control Theory

In this research, liquid level control of separator in an ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) experimental plant with Uehara cycle is considered. A linear control system representation is obtained from a liquid level model of separator in the OTEC experimental plant via weighted least squares by taking into account noises. The control mechanism for liquid level control is constructed based on LQG control theory. In order to verify the behavior of the constructed control system, a simulation was conducted.
The Influence of Internship Participation on Construction Industry Hiring Professionals When Selecting New Hires and Determining Starting Salaries for Construction Engineering Graduates

Kathleen Short earned a PhD in Environmental Design and Planning and a Master of Science in Building/Construction Science and Management from Virginia Tech. She also earned a Bachelor of Social Work from Concord University. She is currently the Project Director for the Construction Academy and the Hospitality Academy in the Workforce Development and Life Long Learning division of the University of the District of Columbia, Community College.
Measuring Online Public Opinion for Decision Making: Application of Deep Learning on Political Context

Thoughts travel faster and farther through cyberspace where people interact with one another regardless of limitations in language, space, and time. Is a poll sufficient to measure people’s opinions in this era of hyperconnectivity? This study introduces a deep learning method to measure online public opinion. By analyzing Korean texts from Twitter, this study generates time-series data on online sentiment toward the South Korean president, comparing it to traditional presidential approval to demonstrate the independence of the masses’ online discourse. The study tests different algorithms and deploys the model with high accuracy and advancement. The analysis suggests that online public opinion represents a unique population as opposed to offline surveys. The study model examines Korean texts generated by online users and automatically predicts their sentiments, which translate into group attitudes by aggregation. The research method can extend to other studies, including those on environmental and cultural issues, which have greater online presence. This provides opportunities to examine the influences of social phenomenon, benefiting individuals seeking to understand people in an online context. Moreover, it helps scholars in analyzing those public opinions—online or offline—that are more important in their decision making to assess the practicality of the methods.
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of nafamostat to support dose selection for treatment of pediatric patients with COVID-19

Pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are increasing, and severe cases such as multisystem inflammatory syndrome are being reported. Nafamostat, a repurposing drug, is currently being explored for the treatment of COVID-19 in adults. However, the data supporting its exposure in pediatrics remains scarce. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling enables the prediction of drug exposure in pediatrics based on ontogeny of metabolic enzymes and age dependent anatomical and physiological changes. The study aimed to establish a PBPK model of nafamostat in adults, then scale the adult PBPK model to children for predicting pediatric exposures of nafamostat and an optimal weight-based nafamostat dose in pediatric population. The developed model adequately described adult exposure data in healthy volunteers following i.v. administration with three doses (10, 20, and 40 mg). Scaling adult PBPK models to five pediatric groups predicted that as age advances from neonate to adult, the exposure of nafamostat slightly increased from neonate to infant, steadily decreased from infant to child, and then increased from child to adult after the administration of 0.2 mg/kg/h for 14 days, a dosing regimen being conducted in a clinical trial for COVID-19. Based on the fold change of predicted area under the curve for the respective pediatric group over those of adults, weight-based dosages for each pediatric group may be suggested. The novel PBPK model described in this study may be useful to investigate nafamostat pharmacokinetics in a pediatric subgroup further.
A Study of the Effect of Looming Intensity Rumble Strip Warnings in Lane Departure Scenarios

In lane departure warning systems (LDWS) it is important that the auditory warning triggers a fast and appropriate reaction from the driver. The rumble strip noise is a suitable warning to alert the driver of an imminent lane departure. A short reaction time is important in lane departure scenarios, where a late response may have fatal consequences. For abstract sounds an increase in intensity can influence the perceived urgency level of the warning, which may also trigger a faster reaction from the listener. In this thesis, the effect of a rumble strip warning with looming (increasing) intensity was analyzed by letting test persons drive a driving simulator and measuring how quickly they reacted to the auditory warning. These results were compared with those for a rumble strip warning with a constant intensity, and two versions of an abstract warning; constant intensity and looming intensity. A survey regarding the perceived urgency, annoyance and acceptance of the warnings was also carried out.The results show no differences in reaction time between the four warning signals. This may be because the test persons expected the warnings, or because of their limited experience. The survey suggests that adding a looming intensity to the rumble strip warning results in a higher urgency, while keeping the annoyance low, which could be of importance to avoid unwanted reactions from the driver.
Airplanes at constant speeds on inclined circular trajectories

The dynamical requirements are obtained for airplanes to travel on inclined circular trajectories. Formulas are provided for determining the load factor, the bank angle, the lift coefficient and the thrust or power required for the motion. The dynamical properties of the airplane are taken into account, for both, airplanes with internal combustion engines and propellers, and airplanes with jet engines. A procedure is presented for the construction of tables from which the flyability of trajectories at a given angle of inclination can be read, together with the corresponding minimum and maximum radii allowed. Sample calculations are shown for the Cessna 182, a Silver Fox like unmanned aerial vehicle, and a F-16 jet airplane.
Functional Connectivity Pattern Using Resting-state fMRI as an Assessment Tool for Spatial Neglect during the Recovery Stage of Stroke: A Pilot Study

Purpose To determine if functional connectivity measured with resting-state functional MRI could be used as a tool to assess unilateral spatial neglect during stroke recovery. Methods Resting-state functional MRI was performed on 13 stroke patients with lesions in the right cerebral hemisphere and 31 healthy subjects. The functional connectivity score was defined as a correlation of a target region with the right inferior parietal lobule. Spatial neglect was measured with a behavioral inattention test. Results First, the functional connectivity scores between the right inferior parietal lobule and right inferior frontal gyrus, including the opercular and triangular parts, were significantly decreased in stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect compared with patients without unilateral spatial neglect and were significantly correlated with the behavioral inattention test score. Second, the functional connectivity scores between the bilateral inferior parietal lobules were also significantly decreased in patients with unilateral spatial neglect compared with patients without unilateral spatial neglect and were significantly correlated with the behavioral inattention test score. Third, negative functional connectivity scores between the right inferior parietal lobule and bilateral medial orbitofrontal cortexes, which are related to the default mode network, were detected in patients without unilateral spatial neglect in contrast to a reduction of this negative tendency in patients with unilateral spatial neglect. The functional connectivity scores between these regions were significantly different between patients with and without unilateral spatial neglect and were negatively correlated with the behavioral inattention test score. Conclusion Though still in the pilot research stage and using a small number of cases, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that functional connectivity maps generated with resting-state functional MRI may be used as a tool to evaluate unilateral spatial neglect during stroke recovery.
The Impact of Environmental Tax on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Visegrad Group Countries

The role of environmental tax as an economic instrument to reduce environmental degradation has been under investigation for many years. In this paper, the main research objective is to check whether there were long-term relationships (cointegration) between greenhouse gas emissions, environmental taxes and gross domestic product in Visegrad Group countries under the inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis from 1995 to 2018. It was also checked whether environmental tax has an impact on greenhouse gas emissions. In the first step, the long-run relationship (cointegration) was examined by applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test. In the second step, the causal relationship and direction were tested within the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) framework. The results of ARDL bounds testing confirmed cointegration between Istnieje od / Published since 1931 1(309)2022, 66–78 DOI: 10.33119/GN/145537 gnpje.sgh. waw.pl Bartosz Jóźwik (corresponding author) Katedra Ekonomii Międzynarodowej, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Polska Antonina Gavryshkiv Katedra Ekonomii Międzynarodowej, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Polska
Aging, Migration and Monetary Policy in Poland

Poland faces a particularly sharp demographic transition. The old-age dependency ratio is expected to increase from just above 20% in 2000 to over 60% in 2050. At the same time, the country has recently witnessed a huge wave of immigration, mostly from Ukraine. In this paper, we investigate how aging and migration will affect the Polish economy and what consequences these adjustments have for monetary policy. Using a general equilibrium model with life-cycle considerations, we show that the decline in the natural rate of interest (NRI) due to demographic processes is substantial, amounting to around 1.5 percentage points, albeit spread over a period of 40 years. The impact of migration flows is relatively small and cannot significantly alleviate the downward pressure on the NRI induced by populating aging. If the central bank is slow in learning about the declining NRI, an extended period of inflation running below the
Smart ways to reduce milking times

Summary •� Recent research on raising the threshold setting for automatic cup removers (ACR) or setting a maximum time limit for milking slow cows has opened up new possibilities for milking herds more quickly, with no apparent adverse effects. •� The aim should be to milk most cows as completely as possible, within a reasonable time, at every milking. •� These guidelines apply only to herds with a somatic cell count (SCC) below 200,000 cells/ml. •� Increasing the ACR take-off setting from 0.2 to 0.4kg/min will reduce cow milking duration by around 10%.
INVOLVED CULPRIT ARTERIES AND PROPORTION OF SPONTANEOUS ARTERIAL RECANALIZATION IN ACUTE LATERAL WALL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION ADULT PATIENTS IN PAKISTAN

Objectives: To elucidate the involved culprit arteries and proportion of spontaneous arterial recanalization (SAR) in acute lateral wall myocardial infarction (ALWMI) patients in Pakistan. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care cardiac center from February 2019 to July 2019. Patients meeting selection criteria of ALWMI were included. Key angiographic outcomes were recorded for each patient. Proportion of SAR in terms of involved culprit arteries was assessed. Results: One hundred fifty two (152) patients were included, out of which 81% (124) were males. Mean age was 54.73 ± 11.03 years. Most (46.4%) of the study patients presented with single vessel disease. Overall, 89 (59%) patients showed SAR with settled ECG changes. Of them 73 (66%), 8 (33%) and 8 (47%) patients had diagonal artery involvement, 1st obtuse marginal artery involvement and ramus intermedius artery involvement respectively. Statistical significance (p=0.006) is observed for relationship of involved culprit arteries and SAR in ALWMI patients. Conclusion: This cross-sectional study reports the proportion of arterial recanalization in terms of involved culprit arteries. Diagonal was the culprit artery (~ 73%) in most patients presented with ALWMI. SAR proportion is also highest in patients with diagonal artery involvement. This tendency of SAR was more in single vessel diseases patients compared to double vessel and triple vessel diseases patients.