Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hardness and compression behavior of niobium carbide

ABSTRACT We report the combined experimental and theoretical investigations on high pressure structural stability of niobium carbide (NbC). The compressibility of NbC has been measured using angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) at room temperature and high pressure (up to 38.0 GPa), complemented with first-principles density-function theory calculations. The results imply that NbC shows bulk modulus of = 281 (6) GPa with a pressure derivative = 6.2 (1.5) for its strong covalent bonding. In addition, indentation testing on the well-sintered bulk NbC obtained at 5.0 GPa/1400°C yielded a Vickers hardness of 19.2 GPa and fracture toughness of 7.7 MPa m1/2 at applied load of 10 kgf, demonstrating that binderless NbC prepared under high pressure should be a prospective hard material.
Bartik Instruments: An Applied Introduction

This article provides an applied introduction to Bartik instruments. The instruments attempt to reduce familiar endogeneity concerns in differential exposure designs (e.g., panel regressions with unit and time fixed effects). They isolate treatment variation due to the differential impact of common shocks on units with distinct pre-determined exposures. As a result, the instruments purge the treatment variation of possibly confounding factors varying across units over time. Given their broad applicability, Bartik instruments promise to provide researchers with a versatile new tool in their empirical toolbox to investigate relevant accounting questions.
Biochemical characterization of fruits of Lycium spp. in Ukraine

Fruits of Lycium possess therapeutic properties due to which they are used in traditional and folk medicine and can be used as a kind of functional food. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical characterization of Lycium L. (L. barbarum L., L. chinense Mill. and L. truncatum Y. C. Wang) fruits for 16 cultivars and varieties from the collections in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv). This study was aimed at determining the concentration of nutrients in the Lycium fruits. Individual genotypes of three Lycium species: L. barbarum, L.chinense, and L. truncatum, differed in such features as the content of dry matter, sugars, vitamin C, β-carotene, acidity, and tannins in the fruit. Fruits of Lycium spp. are a valuable source of nutrients such as vitamin C (4.38–121.0 mg 100g–1 FW), β-carotene content (1.45–5.52%), and tannin (0.12–1.34%). The sugar content (13.83–20.87%) and acidity of the fruit (0.23–4.62%) meet the consumers' requirements for fresh fruit. The cultivar Amber Sweet (L. chinense) had fruits of which the similarities between biochemical characteristics of different studies genotypes were the lowest. The cv. Amber Sweet was characterized by fruit with high sugar content, very high vitamin C content, average acid content, low tannins and β-carotene content, and the lowest dry matter content. Furthermore, a distinctive feature of the other tested genotypes was the yellow colour of the fruit. The data obtained can be used for further selective work.
Investigating and Modelling of Task Offloading Latency in Edge-Cloud Environment

: Recently, the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices connected to the Internet has increased dramatically as well as the data produced by these devices. This would require offloading IoT tasks to release heavy computation and storage to the resource-rich nodes such as Edge Computing and Cloud Computing. However, different service architecture and offloading strategies have a different impact on the service time performance of IoT applications. Therefore, this paper presents an Edge-Cloud system architecture that supports scheduling offloading tasks of IoT applications in order to minimize the enormous amount of transmitting data in the network. Also, it introduces the offloading latency models to investigate the delay of different offloading sce-narios/schemes and explores the effect of computational and communication demand on each one. A series of experiments conducted on an EdgeCloudSim show that different offloading decisions within the Edge-Cloud system can lead to various service times due to the computational resources and communications types. Finally, this paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state-of-the-art research on task offloading issues in the Edge-Cloud environment.
In-Vitro Efficacy of Different Botanical Extract against Leaf Spot of Marry Gold caused by Alternaria alternat

This study was carried out to study the in-vitroefficacy of different botanical extracts against leaf spot of marigold, caused by Alternaria alternata. The results of present study showed that the disease incidence from variouslocations of district HyderabadSindhwas observed Ghangra Mori35%, TandoHyder 30%, Rahooki25%, Moosa Khatyan20%, and Hosri15%. Upper limitdisease occurrencewas observedfrom Ghangra Mori and lower limit sickness was recordedfrom Hosri. The botanicalplantextract ‘Neem’ observed 48, 40and 34mmlinear colony growth of Alternaria alternataat 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations, respectively, Dhaturaextract observed 75.5, 63 and 57.5mmcolony growth of Alternaria alternataat 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations, respectively. Garlic extract observed 49%, 43% and 36% linear colony growth of Alternaria alternataat 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations, respectively. Ginger extract observed 50, 43.5and 36.5mmcolony growth of Alternaria alternataat 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations, respectively. Minimum linear colony growth of Alternaria alternatawas observed at 6% concentration for Neem extract followed by Garlic extract, Ginger extract and Datura extract, respectivelythe plant infusion, Neeminfusion show good effectoppositelinear colony growth of Alternaria alternataon6% solution
Characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from cattle and their contacts

Objective:To estimate the occurrence of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) in cattle reared on farms versus those belonged to smallholders as well as their contact keepers. Design: Descriptive study. Samples: The study comprised 260 samples consisting of f ninety each of (n = 90) for each of cattle feces and milk samples that were originated either from smallholding cattle (n=30) or from farm cattle (n=60) alongside eighty stool specimens were collected from smallholders contacts (n=50) and farm workers (n=30). Procedures: All samples were examined using conventional bacteriological and molecular techniques. Results: The overall occurrence of E. coli in animal samples was 25/180 with a percentage of 13.9. In cattle feces, it was 14.4% (13/90), whereas it was 13.3% (12/90) in milk samples. In human stool samples, E. coli i isolates were also identified in smallholders’ contacts (14%, 7/50) and farm workers (16.7%, 5/30). The most prevalent serotypes obtained from farm cattle and their keepers were (O157 and O55) and from smallholders’ cattle and their contact were (O111, O157, and O11). The PCR analysis showed that stx2 wasthe most predominant genotypes followed by stx1. The recovered E. coli isolates showed high resistance to penicillin G (97.3%) and 81% (30/37) of the tested strains exhibited multidrug resistance. Conclusion and clinical relevance: the presence of Shiga toxigenic and multiple drug-resistant strains of E. coli in the study area poses a high potential risk. Hence, strict hygienic measures should be followed to reduce the risk of STEC occurrence in smallholding cattle and those in commercial farms.
Effects of Fermented Mushroom Residue Feed on Growth Performance and Rumen Microorganisms of Goats

Background: The high content of fiber and macromolecular substances in mushroom residue limits its utilization potential. After we fermented seafood mushroom residue with microorganisms, we found that its palatability and utilization have been greatly improved.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of feed containing fermented seafood mushroom residue on the growth performance and rumen microorganisms of goats. Methods: Forty-eight Jianyang big-ear goats with similar weight and good health were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 goats in each group. The control group (C) was fed a basic diet, and the experimental group 1 (L), 2 (M), and 3 (H) were fed diets supplemented with 20%, 30% and 40% fermented seafood mushroom residue.Results: Incorporating 20% fermented mushroom residue significantly increased the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) and reduced feed to gain ratio (F/G). Incorporating 30% in the diet significantly increased both ADFI and F/G. Growth performance was reduced when greater than 30% fermented mushroom residue was added. The beta diversity of the rumen flora was significantly increased with the 20% fermented mushroom residue diet. The relative abundance of Veillonellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Prevotellaceae increased, and the KEGG pathways related to metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, lipid metabolism, and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism were enhanced. Forty-nine KEGG pathways significantly associated with ADG were identified. Twenty-six pathways, including protein kinases, mineral absorption, propanoate metabolism, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, were positively correlated with ADG. The remaining pathways, including pathogenic Escherichia coli infection, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, shigellosis, and cyanoamino acid metabolism, were negatively correlated with ADG.Conclusions: These results show that adding 20% fermented seafood mushroom residue can improve the growth performance of goats and have a positive effect on goat rumen microorganisms.
Kalmag: a high spatio temporal model of the Geomagnetic field

<p>We present a new high resolution model of the Geomagnetic field spanning the last 121 years. The model derives from a large set of data taken by low orbiting satellites, ground based observatories, marine vessels, airplane and during land surveys. It is obtained by combining a Kalman filter to a smoothing algorithm. Seven different magnetic sources are taken into account. Three of them are of internal origin. These are the core, the lithospheric &#160;and the induced / residual ionospheric fields. The other four sources are of external origin. They are composed by a close, a remote and a fluctuating magnetospheric fields as well as a source associated with field aligned currents. The dynamical evolution of each source is prescribed by an auto regressive process of either first or second order, except for the lithospheric field which is assumed to be static. The parameters of the processes were estimated through a machine learning algorithm with a sample of data taken by the low orbiting satellites of the CHAMP and Swarm missions. In this presentation we will mostly focus on the rapid variations of the core field, and the small scale lithospheric field. &#160; We will also discuss the nature of model uncertainties and the limitiations they imply. </p>
Police Officers

Police officers are exposed to many dangers on the job. Despite this, society may not intuitively consider officers to be victims. Research indicates officers experience various types of victimization on the job, and these victimizations can have direct and indirect physical, mental, and economic impacts on the officer. As a result of violent and nonviolent victimizations in the line of duty, there are negative consequences on officers' wellbeing. Despite this victimhood, police stories are not often headlined in the media, placed on political agendas, or discussed in local communities. Due to the lack of inclusion on these platforms, police officers are invisible victims. This chapter discusses how officers can be considered invisible victims and examines factors that address why society and officers themselves may not equate their experiences to victimization.
The formation mechanism of authigenic chlorite in tight sandstone and its effect on tight oil adsorption during hydrocarbon filling

Authigenic chlorite, which is frequently found in sandstone, has a controlling effect on the reservoirs in which tight oil is adsorbed during hydrocarbon filling. In this study, the content, occurrence state, timing, mechanism and influence of authigenic chlorite on the micro-occurrence states of tight oil were studied using Thin Section (TS), Fluorescent Thin Section (FTS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The results indicate: (1) a spatial coupling between chlorite development, a brackish water delta front facies depositional environment, and biotite-rich arkosic sandstone. (2) Authigenic chlorite can be divided into three types: grain-coating chlorite, pore-lining chlorite, and rosette chlorite. Chlorite forms after early compaction but before other diagenetic phases, and grows via precipitation from pore waters that contain products released during the dissolution of volcanic rock fragments and biotites. Porewater is also pressure-released from feldspars and mudstone. (3) The micro-occurrence states of tight oil can be divided into five types: emulsion form, cluster form, throat form, thin-film form, and the isolated or agglomerated particle form. (4) During hydrocarbon filling, tight oil mainly occurs on the surface of grain-coating and pore-lining chlorite in the form of a thin film, the granular or agglomerated forms are mainly enriched within the intercrystalline pores within the authigenic chlorite, and the cluster forms are mainly enriched in dissolution pores. Isolated or agglomerated particles of tight oil primarily occur in the intercrystalline pores of the rosette chlorite. (5) The specific surface area and the authigenic chlorite’s adsorption potential of authigenic chlorite control the micro-occurrence of tight oil on the surface of the chlorite and in intercrystalline pores. The adsorption capacity of chlorite lies in the following order: pore-lining chlorite intercrystalline pores > rosette chlorite > chlorite in feldspar dissolution pores > pore-lining chlorite surface > grain-coating chlorite intercrystalline pores > grain-coating chlorite surface.
Determinants of Firm Value: An Empirical Study of Listed Trading Companies in Vietnam

This study aims to investigate the importance of firm value and the factors that affect the firm value of trading companies listed on the Vietnamese stock exchange, thereby enhancing the current literature related to this topic in our country. The factors that affect firm value include firm size, capital structure, profitability, sales, and liquidity whereas firm value is represented by the value of equity. This work employed a data set with 925 observations, which are trading firms listed on the Vietnam Stock Exchange over a nine-year period from 2011 to 2019 with the support of STATA version 2016. Applying the quantitative method, we first find that firm size is of the greatest importance to firm value. It refers that the value of a large company is of a higher rank than a small company. On the other hand, capital structure is found to have a negative impact on firm value. Furthermore, we find that the other independent variables (profitability, sales, and liquidity) are statistically insignificant in the regression model. This means that those mentioned factors do not affect firm value. More importantly, the research also suggests that both firm size and capital structure are crucial for firm value in the trading industry in Vietnam.
Turmeric powder in the diet of Japanese quails improves the quality of stored eggs

SUMMARY This study evaluated the effect of turmeric powder (TP) on the productivity and egg quality of quails and on the quality of eggs stored at different temperatures for 7 or 14 d. Quails were distributed in three treatments that consisted of sorghum-based diets with 1.5% and 3% TP or zero TP inclusion, with five replicates for 84 d. Eggs were stored at ambient temperature or refrigerated for 7 or 14 d in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with three TP levels × two storage temperatures (ST) × two storage periods (SP). Inclusion of TP did not affect the performance of the quails or egg quality at 84 d. Interaction SP × ST influenced the height and diameter of yolk and albumen, and the Haugh unit value. Eggs of quails with a diet supplemented with 3% TP and stored for 14 d showed specific gravity similar to the eggs stored for 7 d, despite the TP supplementation. It was concluded that diets with 3% TP did not affect the performance and quality of fresh eggs but improved the quality of eggs stored for 14 d at ambient temperature.
Risk factors and detection of brucella ovis in naturally infected rams and ewes

The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of ovine brucellosis using Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques, as well as to identify the main risk factors associated with infection in sheep flocks belonging to municipalities in the microregion from Teresina, PI, Brazil. A total of 100 urine and blood samples were collected from sheep aged 6 months or older. The urine samples were submitted to conventional PCR and the blood samples were examined by the AGID technique. Of the 100 blood samples, 17 (17%) were reactive to the AGID test. In conventional PCR of 100 urine samples, six (6%) were positive. Risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis included the rearing system (OR=0.19), feed management (OR=0.05), presence of dystotic births (OR=4.50), miscarriages (OR=3.75) and source of water offered to the animals (OR=0.19). Thus, it was concluded that it is possible to detect the occurrence of animals with ovine brucellosis since PCR is a reliable method to confirm infection. Furthermore, there are risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis in the municipalities studied.
Storms or systematics? The changing secondary eclipse depth of WASP-12b

WASP-12b is one of the most well-studied transiting exoplanets, as its highly-inflated radius and its 1.1 day orbit around a G0-type star make it an excellent target for atmospheric categorisation through observation during its secondary eclipse. We present two new secondary eclipse observations of WASP-12b, acquired a year apart with the Wide Field Camera on the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) and the IO:O instrument on the Liverpool Telescope (LT). These observations were conducted in the $i^\prime$-band, a window expected to be dominated by TiO features if present in appreciable quantities in the upper atmosphere. We measured eclipse depths that disagree with each other by $\sim$3$\sigma$ (0.97 $\pm$ 0.14 mmag on the INT and 0.44 $\pm$ 0.21 mmag on the LT), a result that is mirrored in previous $z^\prime$-band secondary eclipse measurements for WASP-12b. We explore explanations for these disagreements, including systematic errors and variable thermal emission in the dayside atmosphere of WASP-12b caused by temperature changes of a few hundred Kelvin: a possibility we cannot rule out from our analysis. Full-phase curves observed with TESS and CHEOPS have the potential to detect similar atmospheric variability for WASP-12b and other optimal targets, and a strategic, multi-telescope approach to future ground-based secondary eclipse observations is required to discriminate between explanations involving storms and systematics.
Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata breeding behaviour: Insights from citizen science camera surveillance

Observations on natural history are a useful but often overlooked branch of ecology. With the use of camera-traps, collection of data e.g. on breeding behaviour and success has never been easier, particularly when studying cryptic species. Additionally, camera-traps are well suited to citizen science because of their ease of operation and the ability to store and verify data. Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata breeding behaviour has previously been studied through direct observation or timelapse photography, resulting in small sample sizes and potentially biased observations. Using camera-trap data collected by citizen scientists, we examined the breeding behaviour of this species. We quantified the timing and duration of mound-tending activities at 20 mounds using camera surveillance for >30,000 hours (1250 days) over six breeding seasons. Time spent at the mound during five mound stages and visit frequencies by the male and female during each stage are reported. Femaleinvolvement at the mound was consistent, although males spent three times as long at the mound compared with females during egg-laying. On egg-laying days, females spent longer uncovering the mound, compared with covering the mound post egg-laying. Our findings confirm that both male and female Malleefowl spend a substantial amount of time constructing and maintaining their mound throughout the year and, most notably, that the female consistently participates in mound-tending.These insights are particularly valuable as our surveillance was over markedly longer time spans than previous studies that relied upon direct observation.
Determination of 3-D flow fields in agitated vessels by laser-Doppler velocimetry : Effect of impeller type and liquid viscosity on liquid flow patterns

Radial, axial and tangential velocities were measured in a dished-bottom stirred vessel with a Rushton turbine, and two axial agitators: the Mixel TT and the Lightnin A310, for turbulent (in plain water) and near-laminar (in 1% CMC solution) flow regime. The long-term flow patterns, comprising a single circulation loop for the two axial agitators and a dual one for the Rushton turbine, mask a low-frequency periodic disruption. For all three agitators, a region at the upper part of the vessel was found, where liquid rotates counter-clockwise to the impeller rotation. The Rushton turbine was the most effective in terms of overall liquid circulation, the Lightnin A310 exhibited a poor circulation, with velocities in some parts lower than 1% of the impeller tip speed, while the Mixel TT yielded the best pumped flow rate to power ratio. When the liquid viscosity was increased, the pumped flow rate decreased for all agitators, but the reduction in the amount of liquid circulated was more considerable. In the viscous liquid, the axial agitators developed a radiality, with 10-15% of the flow being ejected radially rather than axially.
Character Region Awareness for Text Detection

Scene text detection methods based on neural networks have emerged recently and have shown promising results. Previous methods trained with rigid word-level bounding boxes exhibit limitations in representing the text region in an arbitrary shape. In this paper, we propose a new scene text detection method to effectively detect text area by exploring each character and affinity between characters. To overcome the lack of individual character level annotations, our proposed framework exploits both the given character-level annotations for synthetic images and the estimated character-level ground-truths for real images acquired by the learned interim model. In order to estimate affinity between characters, the network is trained with the newly proposed representation for affinity. Extensive experiments on six benchmarks, including the TotalText and CTW-1500 datasets which contain highly curved texts in natural images, demonstrate that our character-level text detection significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art detectors. According to the results, our proposed method guarantees high flexibility in detecting complicated scene text images, such as arbitrarily-oriented, curved, or deformed texts.