Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sequential reversals from the southern hemisphere

Abstract The results of a study of five successive geomagnetic reversal records are presented. The polarity transitions have been recorded in Mar del Plata, Argentina. This sequence of reversals includes the Gauss-Matuyama, Lower and Upper Olduvai, and Lower and Upper Jaramillo polarity transitions as recorded in sedimentary sequences. The first four polarity transitions exhibit similar VGP transitional paths confined over the American continent at about 60°W. Another preferred longitudinal band, at an almost antipodal position of about 160°E, has been recognized from the analysis of other records. The existence of preferred longitudinal bands is not in agreement with a non-dipolar configuration of the transitional field.
Place of Birth

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Effect of Environment, Social and Governance Disclosure on Firm Value

This study aims to determine the environmental, social, and governance of the firm value in this study are all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016-2020. The determination of the sample in this study used purposive sampling with the number of samples used by as many as 27 companies during the year. a period of 5 consecutive years of observation so that the total sample obtained is 135. This study uses Stata 14, the analytical technique used is panel data regression analysis. The results showed that the first hypothesis was found that the environment variable's disclosure had a positive and significant effect on firm value in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Social variable disclosure has a positive and significant impact on firm value in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Governance variable disclosure has a negative and significant impact on firm value in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. While testing with the control variable, namely the company's size, partially has a significant negative effect on firm value, the leverage and profitability variables partially have a significant effect on firm value.
The Difficult Integration of Liminal Individuals

In anthropology, a rite of passage is a process voluntarily initiated to allow an individual or a group move through a difficult stage of transformation. The liminal period is the intermediate stage of this process. The idea of liminality has been widely used in the social sciences and in management. However, although it initially had a strong operational dimension for carrying out a transformation, it has become a simple concept describing the situation of individuals who are disoriented and sidelined. Nonetheless, organizational management needs operational tools to facilitate the integration of individuals during transition phases. This article seeks to understand how rituals can facilitate the integration process of liminal individuals. We study a case of ritual passage within a highly ritualized nonreligious organization: a Masonic lodge. We identify several mechanisms, activated through the ritual, that help to integrate liminal individuals. We analyze them through the ventriloquial perspective of communication, borrowed from the theory called Communicative Constitution of Organization (CCO). The results show that the ritual favors (1) the integration of individuals by reducing the ambiguity of the liminal situation, (2) the affirmation of a temporality, (3) the alignment of individual and collective objectives, (4) the recognition of otherness, (5) the lesser hierarchization of individuals, (6) the reduction of hyper-subjectivity , (7) the use of declarative statements , and (8) the rise in authority . We discuss the discrepancies between these results and works on liminality in management and the possible transposition of these mechanisms to various organizations.
Current situation and needs of change detection techniques

Research on change detection techniques has long been an active topic and many techniques have been developed. In reality, change detection is a comprehensive procedure that requires careful consideration of many factors such as the nature of change detection problems, image preprocessing, selection of suitable variables and algorithms. This paper briefly overviews the major steps involved in a change detection, summarises major change detection methods, discusses the impacts of scales and complexity of study areas on the selection of remote-sensing data and change detection algorithms and finally discusses the needs of developing new change detection methods. As high spatial resolution images are easily available in the past decade, texture- and object-based methods become valuable to improve change detection performance. At national and global scales, coarse spatial resolution satellite images such as MODIS become important data sources for rapidly detecting land-cover change, but results have high uncertainty. More research is needed to develop new techniques to solve the mixed pixel problem. At regional scale, it is necessary to explore integration of multi-sensor data and multiple algorithms to improve change detection results.
HST photometry of the trapezium cluster

We have obtained images of 11 fields in the Trapezium cluster with the Planetary Camera (PC) of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in order to extend Herbig & Terndrup's (1986) study of this prototype, dense embedded cluster to fainter magnitudes than is possible from the ground. Using these images, we have identified 319 stars within an area of approximately 12 sq arc min corresponding roughly to a volume of approximately 0.065 cu pc assuming the cluster is approximately spherically symmetric. Our completeness limits for star identification in V-band and I-band images are V approximately = 20 and I(sub c) approximately = 19 respectively, corresponding to a mass limit of approximately 0.15 solar mass if the faintest stars have the same average A(sub v) as that estimated for the brighter stars in the cluster. We have compared the V versus V-I color-magnitude diagram derived from the HST photometry to new theoretical isochrones. Star formation in the Trapezium appears to be remarkably coeval, with greater than or = 80% of the stars having inferred ages less than 1 Myr. Over the somewhat limited mass range of the observations, there is no evidence for 'bimodal' star formation-the high- and low-mass stars appear to have the same ages. The sharp cores of the HST images and the small angular size of the PC pixels has allowed us to identify 35 new visual binaries in the cluster with separations from approximately 0.06 arc sec (approximately 26 AU) to approximately 1.0 arc sec (approximately 440 AU). For the range of binary separations that we are sensitive to, the observed binary frequency for the Trapezium is essentially identical to that estimated for field low-mass stars by Duquennoy & Mayor (1991). The most straightfoward inference from this result is that binaries in this separation are unlikely to be formed by a tidal capture process. We have also identified three stars which have associated compact nebulosity visible in the HST images. One of these star + nebulosity cases was previously identified by O'Dell, Wen, & Hu (1993)-these objects appear to form a class of objects whose circumstellar matter is being 'lit up', most likely by Theta(sup 1) Ori C, enabling the gas to be observable at both optical and radio wavelengths (Felli et al. 1993a, b). We provide a brief summary of the optical properties of the other radio sources which appear in our PC images.
Kolmogorov similarity scaling for one-particle Lagrangian statistics

We use direct numerical simulation data up to a Taylor scale Reynolds number Rλ = 1000 to investigate Kolmogorov similarity scaling in the inertial sub-range for one-particle Lagrangian statistics. Although similarity scaling is not achieved at these Reynolds numbers for the Lagrangian velocity structure function, we show clearly that it is achieved for the Lagrangian acceleration frequency spectrum and the scaling range becomes wider with increasing Reynolds number. Stochastic and heuristic model calculations suggest that the difference in behavior observed for the structure function and spectrum is simply a consequence of different rates of convergence to scaling behavior with increasing Reynolds number. Our estimate C0 ≈ 6.9 ± 0.2 for the Lagrangian structure function constant is close to earlier estimates based on extrapolation of the peak value of the compensated structure function. The results presented here suggest prospects for studying Kolmogorov similarity for Lagrangian statistics using the lat.
Vibrationally inelastic electron scattering on polyatomic molecules by the discrete momentum representation (DMR) method

We present an extension of the discrete momentum representation method for a vibrationally inelastic scattering of electrons by polyatomic molecules. We have developed a fully ab initio procedure, based on two-channel Lippmann-Schwinger equations expanded in the momentum space. Static and exchange contributions are obtained explicitly. Results are presented for H 2 and H 2 O molecules.
Passive acoustic mapping using optimal beamforming for real-time monitoring of ultrasound therapy

In ultrasound therapy, passive acoustic mapping (PAM) has been shown to be an effective method for imaging the acoustic emissions generated during treatment providing the potential for real-time therapy monitoring. In both high intensity ultrasound (HIFU) ablative surgery and targeted drug delivery, imaging artefacts at higher amplitude exposure conditions have been observed which make the localization and dosimetry of therapeutically relevant cavitation activity a challenge. Due to these artefacts, correlating drug release or lesion volumes to the PAMs is hindered for many exposures. It is proposed that incorporating optimal beamforming techniques into the PAM framework can reduce and remove these artefacts allowing determination of the extent of cavitation activity during ultrasound therapy. Additionally, optimal beaforming is found to yield improved resolution, good interference suppression, and robustness against steering vector errors. A description of the origin of the artefacts as well as reduction.
Nulling interferometer based on an integrated optics combiner

The Multi-Aperture Imaging Interferometer (MAI2), which Alcatel Space has been developing for ESA for deep nulling demonstration in preparation of the Darwin project, is based on an innovative layout, where both beam combination and modal wave-front filtering functions are achieved by means of an Integrated Optics (IO) component. Two different components, based on different designs and technologies, have been developed and characterised by LAOG with detailed design and manufacturing performed by IMEP/GeeO/LETI. SAGEIS-CSO (optical path control) and Alcatel Space have developed the other breadboard functions. The MAI² interferometer achieved stable Darwin-class nulling (10-5) of a simulated star in monochromatic light, and with a relative bandwidth of several percent (10-4). Operation in non-polarised light, with unchanged nulling performances, was also demonstrated. Preliminary characterisation of the relationship between nulling and bandwidth is also provided.
Development of best fit Cole‐Cole parameters for measurement data from biological tissues and organs between 1 MHz and 20 GHz

In this paper, we developed best fit values for parameters in the Cole‐Cole model for the dielectric properties of 43 biological tissues and organs. We developed a parameter‐fitting algorithm to build an empirical data set for frequencies between 1 MHz and 20 GHz. Using the dielectric properties obtained from the fitted Cole‐Cole parameters, we conducted numerical dosimetry, assessed energy absorption inside a human body exposed to electromagnetic radiation, and compared the results with those obtained on a de facto database.
Towards non-cooperative standoff biometrics using extremely low frequency (ELF) processing

Earth's Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (⊕-NMR) is a novel detection technique that exploits the uniformity of the earth's magnetic field to measure precessing magnetizations of isotope-having objects such as human beings. The ability to provide standoff medical surveillance will increase the Biomedical Wellness (BMW) of not only aging American citizens but also persons we seek to track from healthy to diseased states. Taking advantage of the uniform field in the earth, spatio-temporal integration (3 orders due to time and 4 orders due to space) and Higher Order Statistics (HOS), namely, change detection via kurtosis (ΔK), SNR and the ability to make non-locality measurements may be increased to at least the level of the typical hospital NMR devices. Moreover, we present theoretical calculations of magnitude and consider time dynamics of the resonant/relaxing magnetic fields as a function of 3D human motion and distance.
Spectra of Laser Irradiated Xenon and Krypton in the Wavelength Range 0.5–1.0 nm

X-ray spectra of highly-ionized xenon and krypton measured in a laser-irradiated gas jet are presented with a main purpose of line identification. The spectral range of 0.5 to 1 nm was covered using two flat Bragg crystal spectrographs. The very rich spectra of xenon cover the transitions 3p–nd and 3d–nf, with n = 5 to 10, of Xe26+ to Xe30+ (Ni-like to Cr-like). Transitions 2p–nd and 2s–np with n = 3, 4 of Kr24+ to Kr28+ (Mg-like to O-like) have also been recorded, in a range covering some unidentified lines. Ab initio detailed calculations performed with the RELAC code have permitted to identify lines of Xe and Kr, including transitions which were measured but not identified until now. Ionic fractions were deduced by adjusting the experimental spectra with a least-squares fit based on the RELAC data.
Generalized mittag-leffler function and generalized fractional calculus operators

The paper is devoted to the study of the function E γ ρ,μ(z) defined for complex ρ, μ, γ (Re(ρ) > 0) by which is a generalization of the classical Mittag-Leffler function E ρ,μ(z) and the Kummer confluent hypergeometric function Φ(γ, μ; z). The properties of E γ ρ,μ(z) including usual differentiation and integration, and fractional ones are proved. Further the integral operator with such a function kernel is studied in the space L(a, b). Compositions of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integration and differentiation operators with E γ ρ,μ,ω;a+ are established. An analogy of the semigroup property for the composition of two such operators with different indices is proved, and the results obtained are applied to construct the left inversion operator to the operator E γ ρ,μ,ω;a+. Since, for γ = 0, E 0 ρ,μ,ω;a+ coincides with the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of order μ, the above operator and its inversion can be considered as generalized fractional calculus operators involving the generalized Mittag-Leffler function E γ ρ,μ(z) in the kernels. Similar assertions are presented for the integral operators containing the Mittag-Leffler and Kummer functions, E ρ,μ(z) and Φ(γ, μ; z), in the kernels, and applications are given to obtain solutions in closed form of the integral equations of the first kind.
Full-wave analysis and coupling effects in a crossover region

The solution of the wave equation for a plane stratified medium is obtained by using a fourth-order accurate numerical integration technique. The general solution thus obtained is described in terms of four characteristic waves, two upgoing and two downgoing. A compact expression for the coupling coefficients Γij(i ≠j), which is suitable for numerical calculation, is also derived. These techniques are then used in a quantitative study of transmission coefficients, coupling factors, and wave structures through the crossover region where the proton whistlers are generated. The negligible influence of collisions upon the transmitted energies in the two upgoing modes is discussed. The results are then compared with previous works in which the thin-slab full-wave method was used.
Residual stress induced wetting variation on electric brush-plated Cu film

Nanocrystalline Cu film with a mirror surface finishing is prepared by the electric brush-plating technique. The as-prepared Cu film exhibits a superhydrophilic behavior with an apparent water contact angle smaller than 10°. A subsequent increase in the water contact angle and a final wetting transition from inherent hydrophilicity with water contact angle smaller than 90° to apparent hydrophobicity with water contact angle larger than 90° are observed when the Cu film is subjected to natural aging. Analysis based on the measurement of hardness with nanoindentation and the theory of the bond-order-length-strength correlation reveals that this wetting variation on the Cu film is attributed to the relaxation of residual stress generated during brush-plating deposition and a surface hydrophobization role associated with the broken bond polarization induced by surface nanostructure.
Test-mass charging simulations for the LISA Pathfinder mission

We present detailed Monte Carlo simulations of test-mass charging caused by energetic cosmic rays in the LISA Pathfinder mission, using the GEANT4 software toolkit. This effect can lead to a variety of disturbances, threatening the goal of the mission—to achieve a low-frequency acceleration noise within an order of magnitude of that required for LISA. We calculate the test-mass charging rates and charging shot noise for different solar conditions, including solar energetic particle eruptions. Further simulations show that the inclusion of additional masses within the LTP inertial sensor, to balance the gravitational accelerations felt by the test masses, does not significantly alter the overall charging rates. The specifications of a particle monitor for LISA Pathfinder, which can detect variations in the energetic particle flux and enable correlation with test-mass charging, are also described.
Stable water isotopes and tritium tracers tell the same tale: No evidence for underestimation of catchment transit times inferred by stable isotopes in SAS function models.

Stable isotopes ( δ 18 O) and tritium ( 3 H) are frequently used as tracers in environmental sciences to estimate age 10 distributions of water. However, it has previously been argued that seasonally variable tracers, such as δ 18 O, generally and systematically fail to detect the tails of water age distributions and therefore substantially underestimate water ages as compared to radioactive tracers, such as 3 H. In this study for the Neckar river basin in central Europe and based on a >20-year record of hydrological, δ 18 O and 3 H data, we systematically scrutinized the above postulate together with the potential role of spatial aggregation effects to exacerbate the underestimation of water ages. This was done by comparing water age distributions 15 inferred from δ 18 O and 3 H with a total of 12 different model implementations, including lumped parameter sine-wave (SW) and convolution integral models (CO) as well as integrated hydrological models in combination with SAS-functions (IM-SAS). We found that, indeed, water ages inferred from δ 18 O with commonly used SW and CO models are with mean transit times (MTT) ~ 1 – 2 years substantially lower than those obtained from 3 H with the same models, reaching MTTs ~ 10 years. In contrast, several implementations of IM-SAS models did not only allow simultaneous representations of stream flow as well 20 as δ 18 O and 3 H stream signals, but water ages inferred from δ 18 O with these models were with MTTs ~ 16 years much higher than those from SW and CO models and similar to
Hot-wire anemometry of transitional boundary layers exposed to different freestream turbulence intensities

Abstract Transitional boundary layer flows on a flat plate, subjected to different freestream turbulence intensities, have been investigated experimentally in details. The inlet freestream turbulence levels were varied from 1.5 to 4.4 per cent using different circular bar grids of various sizes installed upstream in a proper distance from the plate leading edge. A single hot-wire probe was used for the measurements of instantaneous flow velocities within the boundary layer. Longitudinal and vertical movements of the hot-wire probe were performed by a two-component traversing device, which was itself controlled by a computerized system. Experiments were conducted in an open circuit wind tunnel of suction type. For each level of freestream turbulence, boundary-layer surveys of the mean longitudinal velocity and root mean square of the velocity fluctuations were obtained at several streamwise locations. Experimental results were used to determine the variations of streamwise skin-friction coefficient and the boundary-layer shape factor versus the local Reynolds number. Evaluation of the final results showed that increasing the freestream turbulence intensity causes the transitional region to shrink and to shift up-stream. Current experimental results together with reliable data presented by other researchers led to propose a new correlation capable of predicting the onset of transition for a wide range of freestream turbulence intensities.
Generalized Coupled Thermoelasticity of a Layer

The generalized thermoelasticity based on the Lord-Shulman (LS), Green-Lindsay (GL), and Green-Naghdi (GN) theories admit the second sound effect. By introducing some parameters all these theories are combined and a unified set of equations is rendered. These equations are then solved for a layer of isotropic and homogeneous material to study the thermal and mechanical wave propagations. The disturbances are generated by a sudden application of temperature to the boundary. The non-dimensionalized form of the governing equations are solved utilizing the Laplace transform method in time domain. Closed form solutions are obtained for the layer in Laplace transform domain, and a numerical inverse Laplace transform method is used to obtain the temperature, displacement, and stress fields in the physical time domain. The thermo-mechanical wave propagations and reflections from the layer boundaries are investigated.
Comparison of VLBI and SLR geocentric site coordinates

The geocentric coordinates for 18 pairs of SLR and VLBI sites are compared. After a seven-parameter frame adjustment, the two coordinate sets have weighted rms differences of 15, 22, and 22 mm for X, Y, and Z, respectively, consistent with the formal errors being too small by a factor of about two.
Dual-stage Optimal Iterative Learning Control for Nonlinear Non-affine Discrete-time Systems

Abstract On the basis of a new dynamic linearization technology along the iteration axis, a dual-stage optimal iterative learning control is presented for nonlinear and non-affine discrete-time systems. Dual-stage indicates that two optimal learning stages are designed respectively to improve control input sequence and the learning gain iteratively. The main feature is that the controller design and convergence analysis only depend on the I/O data of the dynamical system. In other words, we can easily select the control parameters without knowing any other knowledge of the system. Simulation study illustrates the geometrical convergence of the presented method along the iteration axis, in which an example of freeway traffic iterative learning control is noteworthy for its intrinsic engineering importance.