Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Ginger Volatile Oil (GVO) on The Metabolic Profile of Glycolytic Pathway, Free Radical and Antioxidant Activities of Heat-Stressed Cihateup Duck

One hundred twenty-five female ducks, with an average body weight of 1485.51±14.72 g, aged eight weeks, were used in this experiment to examine the effect of ginger volatile oil (GVO) on the metabolic profile of the glycolytic pathways, free radical and antioxidant activity in heat-stressed Cihateup ducks. GVO isolation was carried out by the distillation technique. Cihateup duck samples were divided into five treatment groups, each group with 25 animals. Each treatment consisted of five replications so that each repetition consisted of 5 duck samples. The treatment in this study was A: temperature of the comfort zone (24°C) and without administration of GVO; B: heat stress (38°C) and without GVO; C: heat stress (38°C) and 150 µL GVO/tail; D: hot stress (38°C) and 200 µL GVO/tail, E: Hot stress (38°C) and 250 µL GVO/tail. GVO was given every morning orally (force-fed). The data then statistically analyzed with ANOVA procedure to determine the treatment effect. Duncan's multiple range test was used to compare the treatment effect. The results showed that the metabolic profile of the glycolytic pathway appeared to be in the normal range by administering 250 µL GVO. The reduction of free radicals activity and increased endogenous antioxidants (Glutathione Peroxidase) activity were also found in GVE treated ducks. In conclusion, the heat stress of Cihateup duck was reduced by administering the GVO.
Corrigendum: Thermal dynamics in the flux‐coordinate independent turbulence code GRILLIX

We have discovered that one of the original articles [1] findings, that the actual choice of the dimensionless parameter χ‖i0 for the ion heat conductivity* seemed to play no role for the simulation results, was not physical. Instead, due to a mistake in the handling of input parameters, χ‖i0 was actually not used in the code the dimensionless electron heat conductivity χ‖e0 was used instead. Hence, the results in chapter 4 and the conclusions are correct only if χ‖i0 = χ‖e0. For the reference case, this means χ‖i0 = χ‖e0 = 26.6 was used,† instead of what we thought was χ‖i0 = 1.15 and χ‖e0 = 26.6. The rest of the code and model is correct. We have fixed the error, verified the code and rerun all the simulations. The main conclusion is that the dimensionless ion heat conductivity χ‖i0 plays as much of a role for the equilibrium ion temperature profile Ti as the electron heat conductivity χ‖e0 for the electron profile Te. Further, with the correct heat conductivity χ‖i0 = 1.15, Ti saturates faster after t ≳ 50 R0 cs0 ≈ 0.9 ms while it was still not saturated at 1.5 ms with the wrong χ‖i0 = χ‖e0 = 26.6. The saturation time for the plasma density n and electron temperature Te remain the same t ≳ 30 R0 cs0 ≈ 0.5 ms. Figure 1, left, shows the saturated radial profiles for the reference simulation. We find that in comparison to the mistakenly used χ‖i0 = 26.6, the proper, lower ion heat conductivity χ‖i0 = 1.15 increases the stationary ion temperature gradient ∂rTi in the confined region, leading to Ti <Te at the separatrix. The Ti profile and fluctuation level are now similar to those of the plasma density n. The Te and n profiles remain unaffected. The stationary profile of the electrostatic potential φ flattens in the confined region due to the lower Ti, while it remains the same in the SOL following Te. In the far SOL, Ti >Te is found due to electron sheath heat transmission unlike in the case without this boundary condition (γe = 0). We note that the previously observed result, Ti >Te also at the separatrix, is recovered again at higher temperature, see double temperature case in Figure 1, right. Other results of the original article [1] hold true, at least qualitatively. The GAM frequency spectrum, shown in Figure 2, is somewhat different quantitatively. With the lower ion heat conductivity χ‖i0, the ion temperature fluctuates more, but overall the turbulence is nonetheless enhanced with increasing density and suppressed with increasing temperature, see Figure 3. In cases 2 and 3 from chapter 4.1, we already had χ‖i0 = χ‖e0 (and case 4 was actually nearly the same as the reference scenario), so the result holds that reducing χ‖i0 and χ‖e0 below 0.1 has no impact on outboard midplane profiles.
French teacher perceptions of student learning about force: a preliminary study

ABSTRACT Background Many researchers have investigated student reasoning in Newtonian mechanics. In 1979 Viennot revealed that most students associate the concept of force with the velocity or acceleration of a motion. Forty years later, student understandings remain a major challenge for teachers. The implications of this challenge are still unclear, however, including the effect on the instructions given by teachers. Purpose This paper investigated the perceptions that French teachers of science, technology and engineering have of core student misconceptions about, and learning difficulties with, the subject of force, and the extent to which these are dependent on a teacher’s subject knowledge, and how they affect grade levels. Sample One hundred teachers in the Académie d'Aix-Marseille, an educational organisation in the southeast France, were questioned randomly about their views on student learning issues of force. Design and method Teacher views were collected using an exploratory study based on an online questionnaire which included Likert-based and closed questions. The data was analysed using nonparametric tests. Results The analysis revealed four major outcomes: (1) main perceptions of misconceptions related to student ‘impetus force’ and ‘force linked to an object weight’, (2) key learning difficulties included ‘knowledge transfer’ and ‘knowledge construction’, (3) teachers believed that the Aristotelian view was still a common barrier to learning Newtonian mechanics, and (4) differences in perceptions were due, essentially, to the teachers’ subject domain and not to the grades they taught. The only statistically significant difference in perceptions between teachers was linked to the idea of impetus force, with this corresponding to discipline philosophy. Conclusion This paper provides baseline evidence about teacher perceptions of student learning about force, which suggests that more systemic teaching approaches are crucial to foster student conceptual understanding, transfer and knowledge construction. Some implications for teachers and curriculum developers are discussed.
Cavitation Prediction of Ship Propeller Based on Temperature and Fluid Properties of Water

Cavitation is a complex phenomenon to measure, depending on site conditions in specific regions of the Earth, where there is water with various physical properties. The development of ship and propulsion technology is currently intended to further explore territorial waters that are difficult to explore. Climate differences affect the temperature and physical properties of water on Earth. This study aimed to determine the effect of cavitation related to the physical properties of water. Numerical predictions of a cavitating propeller in open water and uniform inflow are presented with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Simulations were carried out using Ansys. Numerical simulation based on Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations for the conservative form and the Rayleigh–Plesset equation for the mass transfer cavitation model was conducted with turbulent closure of the fully turbulent K-epsilon (k-ε) model and shear stress transport (SST). The influence of temperature on cavitation extension was investigated between 0 and 50 ° C . The results obtained showed a trend of cavitation occurring more aggressively at higher water temperature than at lower temperature.
Pollution and Labor Market Search Externalities Over the Business Cycle

We study the relationship between unemployment, environmental policy, and business cycles. We develop a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium real business cycle model that includes both a pollution externality and congestion externalities from labor market search frictions, which generate unemployment. We consider two policies to address the market failures: an emissions tax and a tax or subsidy on job creation. With both policies present, the efficient outcome can be achieved. When one policy is constrained or absent, we solve for the second best. The absence of a vacancy policy to address the congestion externalities substantially affects the value of the emissions tax, both in steady state and over the business cycle.
The effects of performance management on relational coordination in policing: the roles of content and process

Abstract To guarantee team performance, employees should demonstrate high levels of relational coordination, which refers to the relational and communicational ties among employees. It is therefore essential to effectively manage relational coordination. This study examines how performance management generates relational coordination by focusing on both the content and the process of performance management. Specifically, when performance management discusses aspects related to the team in which the employee works (i.e. team-related objectives) combined with a clear, understandable and relevant implementation of performance management (i.e. performance management distinctiveness), we expect a positive effect on relational coordination. Furthermore, we expect that this relationship is explained by an increased awareness of employees’ own responsibility for the team, i.e. a decreased perception of diffused responsibility for team objectives. Two empirical studies of the Belgian Police demonstrate that performance management distinctiveness moderates the relationship between team-related objectives of performance management and relational coordination. Study 2 indicates that performance management distinctiveness is indirectly related to relational coordination through a decreased diffusion of responsibility. Attention to both the content and the process of performance management will benefit relational coordination in work teams.
Polymeric nanoparticles based on carboxymethyl chitosan in combination with painless microneedle therapy systems for enhancing transdermal insulin delivery

Biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) have been frequently used as insulin transdermal delivery vehicles due to their grand bioavailability, better encapsulation, controlled release and less toxic properties. However, the skin's barrier properties prevent insulin-loaded NP permeation at useful levels. Nowadays, microneedles have been spotlighted as novel transdermal delivery systems due to their advantages such as painlessness, efficient penetration and no hazardous residues. Herein, we introduce polymeric nanocarriers based on carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) for insulin delivery, combining with microneedle therapy systems, which can rapidly deliver insulin (INS) into the skin. The resulting CMCS-based nanocarriers are spherical nanoparticles with a mean size around 200 nm, which could generate supramolecular micelles to effectively encapsulate insulin (EE% = 83.78 ± 3.73%). A nanocrystalline microneedle array (6 × 6, 75/150 μm) was used to penetrate the stratum corneum (SC) for enhancing transdermal insulin delivery, while minimizing the pain sensation caused by intravenous injection. Compared with the transdermal rate of passive diffusion [2.77 ± 0.64 μg (cm−2 h−1)], the transdermal rate of the insulin-loaded NP combined with microneedle penetration shows a 4.2-fold increase [10.24 ± 1.06 μg (cm−2 h−1)] from permeation experiment in vitro. In vivo hypoglycemic experiments demonstrate the potential of using nanocarrier combination with microneedle arrays for painless insulin delivery through the skin in a clinical setting. Thus, the developed combination scheme of nanoparticles and microneedle arrays offers an effective, user-friendly, and low-toxicity option for diabetes patients requiring long-term and multiple treatments.
Exploring professional roles for early career engineers: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT It is recognised that engineers end up in a wide variety of engineering positions and that the importance of professional competencies might vary accordingly. However, most studies regarding professional competencies, employability or career guidance fail to address this variety in professional roles. This systematic literature review aims to identify professional roles for early career engineers and explores the defining attributes. Twenty-four publications were selected for inclusion by screening and appraising results obtained from three databases. Three frameworks that fulfilled the analysing criteria described similar roles focusing on innovation, optimisation and customisation. The majority of studies investigated professional competencies as identifying attributes, but inconsistency in and a lack of definitions hindered to determine the distinct professional competencies per role. Further research is recommended to identify role attributes and to investigate how a professional roles framework can support career development in engineering education, more particular in creating professional and self-awareness.
Long-term effects of maternal postpartum depression on mothers’ and fathers’ parenting stress

ABSTRACT Ongoing disturbances in parental psychological functioning are proposed as one of the mechanisms linking maternal PPD and adverse child development. We examined the effect of maternal PPD on mothers’ and fathers’ parenting stress and depressive symptoms at child age five. Depressive symptoms and parenting stress were assessed using self-report questionnaires at child age five in a sample of nonclinical mothers (n = 31) and mothers previously diagnosed with PPD (n = 12) and their partners. Maternal PPD diagnosis was associated with mothers’ but not fathers’ depressive symptoms at child age five. Maternal PPD diagnosis was associated with more parental distress in mothers and fathers, although, for mothers, this relationship was better explained by own concurrent depressive symptoms. Finally, maternal PPD diagnosis was associated with mothers reporting more difficult parent–child interactions. Overall, the study shows that maternal PPD diagnosis has long-term negative effects on both mothers’ and fathers’ parenting resources.
Small run size design for model identification in 3m factorial experiments

An active interaction in a main effect plan may cause biased estimation of the parameters in an analysis of variance (ANOVA) model. A fractional factorial design (FFD) with higher order resolution can resolve the alias problem, however, with a considerable number of runs. Alternatively, a search design (SD), the so‐called main effect plus k plan (MEP.k), with much less number of runs than FFD, is able to search for k possible active interactions and estimate them in addition to estimating the main effects. However, the existing MEP.k's for 3m factorial experiments are either proposed for a large m (e.g. m≥13) or have a large number of runs. In this paper, we proposed an irregular design for 3m factorial experiments, which is able to identify the active two‐factor interactions and estimate them along with estimating the general mean and main effects for 3≤m≤14. The obtained design has fewer runs than the previous designs; meanwhile, it is also comparable and competitive in the discrimination and estimation performances with them. By simulation studies, it is shown that the proposed design does well in model identification and variable selection.
Histological examination of the role of Vitamin E in cyclophosphamide-induced testicular damage in rats

Cyclophosphamide is among anticancer and immunosuppressing drugs frequently used in chemotherapy treatment. Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapeutic agent but has also toxic effect on testes. Testicular cells can be protected from toxic effects by antioxidant systems, including vitamin E. The aim of this study is to reveal what kind of an effect the vit-E exerts upon the experimentally induced CP toxicity on testicular tissue of rats. Results of the present study indicate that the testicular injury induced by CP can be prevented by administration of vitamin E.
The Propensity for Social Entrepreneurship During the Coronavirus Outbreak

This research aims to explore scholarly the propensity for social entrepreneurship (PSE) under the condition of Coronavirus outbreak (Covid-19) and the large scale of social distancing in Jakarta, Indonesia. Entrepreneurial education is expected to encourage awareness of social problems among students. This research examines the relationship between perceived social supports and PSE. Additionally, it investigates the mediating effect of self-efficacy that links among empathy, moral obligation, and prior experience towards PSE. As many as 180 students filled the questionnaire through google forms during April 22-29 th 2020. By using Smart-PLS proves a significant effect of perceived social support toward PSE and discovers the mediation effect on social entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The result shows a positive mindset on social entrepreneurship among students whereas this pandemic is as a trigger to intent in social entrepreneurship. It is a mechanism when understanding the social entrepreneurial education for students, thus leaders can utilize to improve regulation in the entrepreneurship learning program.
Calculation of Potential Radiation Doses Associated with Predisposal Management of Dismantled Steam Generators from Nuclear Power Plants

Although the generation of large components from nuclear power plants is expected to gradually increase in the future, comprehensive studies on the radiological risks of the predisposal management of large components have been rarely reported in open literature. With a view to generalizing the assessment framework for the radiological risks of the processing and transport of a representative large component—a steam generator—12 scenarios were modeled in this study based on past experiences and practices. In addition, the general pathway dose factors normalized to the unit activity concentration of radionuclides for processing and transportation were derived. Using the general pathway dose factors, as derived using the approach established in this study, a specific assessment was conducted for steam generators from a pressurized water reactor (PWR) or a pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR) in Korea. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the developed approach, radiation doses reported from actual experiences and studies are compared to the calculated values in this study. The applicability of special arrangement transportation of steam generators assumed in this study is evaluated in accordance with international guidance. The generalized approach to assessing the radiation doses can be used to support optimizing the predisposal management of large components in terms of radiological risk.
Effects of Ethanol–Diesel on the Combustion and Emissions from a Diesel Engine at a Low Idle Speed

In this study, detailed experiments were conducted on the combustion and exhaust characteristics of ethanol–diesel blended fuels. The four-stroke four-cylinder common-rail direct injection diesel engine was used. The experiment was carried out at 750 rpm at a low speed idle, and a 40 Nm engine load was applied to simulate the operation of the accessories during the low idle operation of the actual vehicles. The test fuels were four types of ethanol-blended fuel. The ethanol blending ratios were 0% (DE_0) for pure diesel, and 3% (DE_3), 5% (DE_5) and 10% (DE_10) for 3%, 5% and 10% ethanol mixtures (by vol.%). Blending ethanol with diesel fuel increased the maximum combustion pressure by up to 4.1% compared with that of pure diesel fuel, and the maximum heat release rate increased by 13.5%. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased, up to 5.9%, as the ethanol blending ratio increased, while the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for diesel-ethanol blended fuels remained low, and was maintained at 23.8%. The coefficient of variation (COV) of the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) was consistently lower than 1% when ethanol was blended. The blending of ethanol increased the ignition delay from a 12.0 degree crank angle (°CA) at DE_0 to 13.7 °CA at DE_10, and the combustion duration was reduced from 21.5 °CA at DE_0 to 20.8 °CA at DE_10. When ethanol blending was applied, nitrogen oxides (NOx) reduced to 93.5% of the level of pure diesel fuel, the soot opacity decreased from 5.3% to 3% at DE_0, and carbon monoxide increased (CO) by 27.4% at DE_10 compared with DE_0. The presence of hydrocarbon (HC) decreased to 50% of the level of pure diesel fuel, but increased with a further increase in the ethanol blending ratio. The mean size of the soot particulates was reduced by 26.7%, from 33.9 nm for pure diesel fuel, DE_0, to 24.8 nm for DE_10.
An Investigation of Antibacterial Resistance Patterns in Isolated Bacteria from Contaminated Water Samples in Poultry Slaughterhouses

Nowadays, in the poultry industry, antibiotics are used to treat, prevent, and enhance poultry growth and production efficiency. Their irregular consumption has resulted in the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in this industry. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in contaminated waters can be transmitted into soil. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from the water of chicken slaughterhouses around Hamadan (Iran) province. In this study, 20 water samples were collected from four slaughterhouses in Hamadan province (during spring and summer 2019). Initial isolation and identification of the bacteria were performed by pour plate culture and biochemical tests. The disc diffusion method was applied to investigate the resistance pattern. This study presents 109 screened isolates. Of these, 57.8% E.coli, 35.7% Salmonella spp. , and 6.42% Klebsiella spp. were detected. Antibiograms of isolates showed that in E.coli, 23.09% were resistant to four types of the antibiotic tetracycline, amoxicillin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol, 76.19% had only one type of antibiotic. Antibiotics for Salmonella spp. showed that 35.9% were resistant to tetracycline, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol, 64.10% to only one type of antibiotic. Also, in Klebsiella spp. , 85.71% were sensitive to antibiotics, and only 14.28% were resistant to tetracycline. Conclusion: The results showed that the rate of multiple antibiotic resistance is relatively high, and contaminated water has a high potential for soil contamination. Therefore, resistant bacteria become more stable in the environment, and the health of the environment will be endangered. Therefore, it is necessary to study the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria to study and maintain the health of the environment.
Organisational and personal predictors of work engagement in India

ABSTRACT The job demands-resource model of work engagement describes how engagement is influenced by various work demands, and the work-related and personal resources of employees. We studied the role of organisational climate, organisational justice and psychological capital of employees in explaining work engagement. At the outset, 212 full-time adults employed at an organisation in Mumbai, India, for at least a year completed a questionnaire which included relevant scales. Organisations from which the sample was drawn represented three types of work sectors. Multiple regression was used with a reduced sample of 195 employees after removing 17 outliers. Results indicated that all three predictor variables explained work engagement significantly with psychological capital as the strongest predictor of work engagement, followed by organisational justice and organisational climate.