Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endocytosis of Cationized Ferritin in Marginal Cells of the Stria Vascularis Is Regulated by Protein Kinase, Protein Phosphatase, and MEK/ERK and PI3-K Signaling Pathways

Hypothesis: The endocytosis of cationized ferritin (CF) via a clathrin-mediated pathway is regulated by a signaling network. Background: Marginal cells showed the active endocytosis of CF via a clathrin-mediated pathway. The internalization of receptors through the clathrin-mediated pathway is an important regulatory event in signal transduction. Numerous kinases are involved in endocytosis, and each endocytic route is subjected to high-order regulation by cellular signaling mechanisms. Methods: CF was infused into the cochlear duct with phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate, okadaic acid, staurosporin, phenylarsine oxide, PD98059, SB20580 and wortmannin. Endocytic activity was measured at 30 minutes post-infusion by transmission electron microscopy. Results: The endocytosis of CF was stimulated by a protein kinase C activator (phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate) and a protein kinase A activator (8-bromoadenosine-3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate). It was inhibited by protein phosphatase inhibitors (okadaic acid and phenylarsine oxide), mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-related kinase inhibitors (PD98059 and SB20580), and a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor (wortmannin). Conclusion: Our previous study showed the endocytosis of microperoxidase to be strongly dependent on protein kinase C, protein phosphatase, extracellular signal-related kinase, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling networks but not on protein kinase A and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling networks. The present study indicated that the signaling cascade regulating CF's internalization differed from the cascade for microperoxidase's endocytosis.
Investigating the Impact of Customer Relationship Management Practices of E-Commerce on Online Customer's Web Site Satisfaction: A Model-Building Approach

This study addresses the effect of customer relationship management (CRM) practices on online customersâ€™ satisfaction with their experience in interacting with the company Web sites. Recognizing the importance of maintaining a healthy relationship with customers, companies are actively seeking ways to enhance the customer value of their offerings through relationship marketing. Since effective managing of customer relationships essentially involves managing customer information flow, Internet technologies have become an important element of a firmâ€™s CRM program. The company Web site is functioning as the focal point of contact for interacting with existing and prospective customers. An important concern is how the company Web site affects customersâ€™ overall perception of the Web site. Using the concepts of Internet-mediated market orientation in marketing and user satisfaction in information systems, this study formulated and validated a theoretical model to analyze causal relationships between CRM practices, customersâ€™ perception of a Web siteâ€™s online customer orientation and online customer Web site satisfaction. Based on the structural equation modeling analysis of the primary data collected in Taiwan, the study found that CRM practices positively impact online customersâ€™ Web site satisfaction through their perception of the Web siteâ€™s customer orientation.
Diet, alcohol, coffee and pancreatic cancer: final results from an Italian study

The relation between selected indicator foods, alcohol and coffee intake, and the risk of pancreatic cancer was evaluated in a case-control study conducted between 1983 and 1992 in northern Italy on 362 patients with histologically confirmed, incident cancers of the pancreas, and 1,552 controls in hospital for acute, non-neoplastic diseases. Odds ratios (ORs) for subsequent tertiles of intake were computed after allowance for sociodemographic factors and tobacco smoking. Pancreatic cancer risk was directly associated with consumption of meat (OR for the highest frequency fertile=1.43), liver (OR=1.43) and ham and sausages (OR=1.64), and inversely with consumption of fresh fruit (OR=0.59), fish (OR=0.65) and olive oil (OR=0.58). No appreciable association was found with coffee (OR=1.21) and alcohol consumption (OR=1.20). A summary score was derived by summing the six related food items; compared to the lowest level, the OR was 2.7 for the highest quintile, and the population attributable risk was 36% (95% confidence interval, 15-57%), indicating the scope of diet for the prevention of this common neoplasm in the Italian population.
Codebook Design for Uniform Rectangular Arrays of Massive Antennas

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) is an emerging research field due to the increasing demand of spectral efficiency in wireless broadband systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) which is proposed by 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project). Precoding is important to exploit the performance of massive MIMO, and codebook design is crucial due to the limited feedback channel. In this paper, we propose a novel double codebook design method based on a Kronecker-type approximation of the array correlation structure for the uniform rectangular array, which is preferable for the antenna deployment of massive MIMO systems. As a case study, we run simulations based on assumptions of the LTE-Advanced system which is extended to 32 dual-polarized antennas. The results verify that the proposed codebook design has remarkable performance gain compared to the traditional double codebook under the uniform rectangular array setup.
A Synthesis of Substituted α-Allenols via Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Propargyl Carboxylates with Grignard Reagents

α-Allenols are attractive and versatile compounds whose preparation can be a nontrivial task. In this Letter, we provide a method for the prompt synthesis of substituted α-allenols via a catalytic cross-coupling reaction which makes use of a nontoxic and cost-effective iron catalyst. The catalyst loading is typically as low as 1–5 mol %. The mild reaction conditions (−20 °C) and the short reaction time (15 min) allow for the presence of a variety of functional groups. Moreover, the reaction was shown to be scalable up to gram-scale and the propargyl substrates are readily accessible by a one-pot synthesis.
Short-Wave Aviation Communication Signal Analysis and Aircraft Classification

This paper investigates how to classify the type of the aircraft based on the aviation communication signal. Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) is introduced to adaptively decompose the cockpit voice into several IMFs, then the IMFs can be used as the features of the aircraft for identifying the type. To alleviate the problem of mode mixing caused by the signal intermittency in EMD, a novel method EEMD is applied here in decomposing short-wave aviation communication. The results show that the performance of HHT based on EEMD is better than that of original EMD in decomposition and classification.
A Map Reduce Implementation on Open Source Platform: EUCALYPTUS

Cloud computing is one of the important emerging technologies now-a-days. In recent years many of the applications are developed by using the Cloud computing. It mainly works by using the clusters of all the available resources in an organization or a company. Also recently Hadoop framework has also emerged which work in the distributed environments only. Hadoop being a open-source is used by many companies recently. In this paper, we have tried to propose a solution of merging the Hadoop technology with the cloud by using a open-source platform EUCALYPTUS. Since both of the above platforms are open source many of the companies can earn more profit by integrating with them. In this case the MapReduce an important part of Hadoop is being discussed and is tried to merge out with the Cloud by using EUCALYPTUS. MapReduce is a programming model that is developed by Google but widely used by Hadoop. Thus in this paper we have discussed few of scenarios where Hadoop can fails and also proposed the solution of those by using the Cloud technology.
An Effective Clustering Algorithm With Ant Colony

This paper proposes a new clustering algorithm based on ant colony to solve the unsupervised clustering problem. Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a population-based meta-heuristic that can be used to find approximate solutions to difficult combinatorial optimization problems. Clustering Analysis, which is an important method in data mining, classifies a set of observations into two or more mutually exclusive unknown groups. This paper presents an effective clustering algorithm with ant colony which is based on stochastic best solution kept--ESacc. The algorithm is based on Sacc algorithm that was proposed by P.S. Shelokar. It’s mainly virtue that best values iteratively are kept stochastically. Moreover, the new algorithm using Jaccard index to identify the optimal cluster number. The results of several times experiments in three datasets show that the new algorithm-ESacc is less in running time, is better in clustering effect and more stable than Sacc. Experimental results validate the novel algorithm’s efficiency. In addition, Three indices of clustering validity analysis are selected and used to evaluate the clustering solutions of ESacc and Sacc.
Regularity of interpersonal positioning discriminates short and long sequences of play in small-sided soccer games

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aimed to identify whether the structure underlying the on-field interpersonal positioning tendencies of soccer players might discriminate the length of ball possession sequences. Methods: Data were gathered using GPS during 5-a-side games performed by under-19 elite soccer players. Results: The results revealed significant differences between clusters in almost all the variables, assuring that the regularity of the distance to centroid accurately discriminated the short from the long sequences of play. Also, the analyses revealed moderate significant interaction between Type of Relation (intra-team vs. inter-team) Sequences of Play (short vs. long) independently of the variable taken as criterion to divide the clusters. Conclusions: Regularity of intra- and inter-team interpersonal coordination is able to discriminate short and long sequences of play during SSG. Generally, short sequences of play displayed higher irregularity than the longer sequences. In the long sequence, inter-team interactions were more irregular than the interactions with teammates, while data showed an opposed trend to the short sequences of play. These findings can be useful for coaching instructional purposes, especially in the design of practice tasks setting the appropriate constraints to promote either short or long offensive sequences of play according to the team characteristics.
Dominant Expression of DCLK1 in Human Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells Accelerates Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Patients with pancreatic cancer typically develop tumor invasion and metastasis in the early stage. These malignant behaviors might be originated from cancer stem cells (CSCs), but the responsible target is less known about invisible CSCs especially for invasion and metastasis. We previously examined the proteasome activity of CSCs and constructed a real-time visualization system for human pancreatic CSCs. In the present study, we found that CSCs were highly metastatic and dominantly localized at the invading tumor margins in a liver metastasis model. Microarray and siRNA screening assays showed that doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) was predominantly expressed with histone modification in pancreatic CSCs with invasive and metastatic potential. Overexpression of DCLK1 led to amoeboid morphology, which promotes the migration of pancreatic cancer cells. Knockdown of DCLK1 profoundly suppressed in vivo liver metastasis of pancreatic CSCs. Clinically, DCLK1 was overexpressed in the metastatic tumors in patients with pancreatic cancer. Our studies revealed that DCLK1 is essential for the invasive and metastatic properties of CSCs and may be a promising epigenetic and therapeutic target in human pancreatic cancer.
The Effects of Astaxanthin on Cognitive Function and Neurodegeneration in Humans: A Critical Review

Oxidative stress is a key contributing factor in neurodegeneration, cognitive ageing, cognitive decline, and diminished cognitive longevity. Issues stemming from oxidative stress both in relation to cognition and other areas, such as inflammation, skin health, eye health, and general recovery, have been shown to benefit greatly from antioxidant use. Astaxanthin is a potent antioxidant, which has been outlined to be beneficial for cognitive function both in vitro and in vivo. Given the aforementioned promising effects, research into astaxanthin with a focus on cognitive function has recently been extended to human tissue and human populations. The present critical review explores the effects of astaxanthin on cognitive function and neurodegeneration within human populations and samples with the aim of deciphering the merit and credibility of the research findings and subsequently their potential as a basis for therapeutic use. Implications, limitations, and areas for future research development are also discussed. Key findings include the positive impacts of astaxanthin in relation to improving cognitive function, facilitating neuroprotection, and slowing neurodegeneration within given contexts.
Detection of Black Hole & Gray Hole in MANET

A Mobile Ad hoc system (MANET) includes a group of communicating cellular mobile nodes or equipment which do not contain any form of fixed system or centralized authority. The protection in MANET has become a considerable as well as involved issue inside the research community. This is because of higher desire in spreading online streaming videos as well as audio tracks in a variety of software, a single MANET may be installed rapidly in order to improve communications in an aggressive environment such as battleground or perhaps disaster situation likes problems in recovery procedure. Despite the countless attacks targeted at specified nodes in MANET that have recently been revealed, many attacks regarding numerous nodes even get small focus. A good reason regarding it is because individuals make usage of protection systems appropriate to wired networks in MANET and ignore the security steps which apply at MANET. Moreover, it might also need to do with the fact that no survey or taxonomy has been completed in order to make clear the qualities of several multiple node attacks. This paper covers the above mentioned gap by giving an appropriate meaning as well as categorization of collective attacks towards MANET through the variety of multiple node attacks found.
Correlation of bone mineral density with the histological findings of renal osteodystrophy in patients on hemodialysis.

AIMS To examine the distribution of bone mineral density (BMD) in different histological groups of renal osteodystrophy. PATIENTS We prospectively studied 62 patients, 41 men and 21 women, aged 57+/-11.5 years, who had been on hemodialysis for 60+/-55 months. The women had been amenorrheic for 13+/-4 years and 7 patients (11%) had a positive fracture history. METHODS A bone biopsy was taken after tetracycline labelling and BMD of the lumbar spine and proximal femur was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA); serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), bone Gla protein (BGP), phosphorus, calcium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were also determined. RESULTS Histologically, 40 patients showed secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT), 6 mixed bone disease, 14 adynamic bone disease (A) and 2 osteomalacia. BMD of the lumbar spine was decreased in 43 patients (69%) and in 9 (14.5%) it was lower than -2 Z score units. BMD of the femoral neck was low in 55 patients (89%) and in 22 (35.5%) it was lower than -2 Z scores. BMD was lower in patients with sHPT than in those with adynamic bone disease (p<0.05) in which it was close to normal. BMD in both these sites correlated inversely with the biochemical markers (serum iPTH, BGP and ALP) and the histomorphometric indices of bone turnover. CONCLUSIONS Osteopenia is frequent in patients on hemodialysis, especially those with biochemical and histological findings of sHPT.
Investigation of transmission performance of 40-gb/s conventional DCS-RZ signals and DCS-RZ signals generated from phase-modulated duobinary signals

A 40-Gb/s duobinary carrier-suppressed return-to-zero (DCS-RZ) signal format generated from phase-modulated (PM) duobinary signals by using a phase modulator and an external intensity modulator is proposed. The transmission performance of the proposed DCS-RZ format is theoretically investigated. The proposed DCS-RZ format can produce a signal bandwidth similar to that produced by the conventional DCS-RZ format generated from conventional duobinary signals using low-pass filters. However, the receiver sensitivities of the proposed DCS-RZ format can be improved by about 2 dB more than those of the conventional DCS-RZ format due to high extinction ratio and nonlinear tolerance. Due to a short pulse of the proposed DCS-RZ format, the tolerance of the first-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) for the format can be improved by about 1 dB up to the differential-group-delay (DGD) value of 16 ps
Borax analysis with spectrophotometry on meat bakso of frozen food that sold in modern markets and traditional markets in Palembang

Meatballs are one of the processed meat products that are in great demand by all levels of society. Along with the times and changes in public consumption trends, currently meatballs are turning into frozen food which is more simple and practical for cooking anytime. As processed frozen meat, making frozen food meatballs are often added with food additives (BTP) to maintain food quality such as preservatives, thickeners, and dyes. Borax is a dangerous chemical that is often added to food as a thickening agent. This study aims to determine and compare frozen food meatballs sold in modern markets and traditional markets in Palembang City which contain borax based on physical tests and to analyze borax levels using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. In this study, the maximum wavelength obtained to measure the absorbance of the 10 samples that have been prepared is 423,50 nm. Determination of the standard borax solution curve that has been made with various concentrations were 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, and 30 ppm. The obtained linear equation y = 0,0352x + 0,2047 with coefficient correlation (r) 0,9631. The levels of borax contained in the frozen food meatballs as the research samples were sample A contained 13,322 µg/ml, sample B contained 9,392 µg/ml, sample C contained 12,688 µg/ml, sample D contained 23,379 µg/ml, sample E contained 29,127 µg /ml, sample F was 24,821 µg/ml, sample G was 17,583 µg/ml, sample H was 15,595 µg/ml, the sample I was 26,665 µg/ml, sample J was 12,460 µg/ml. Based on physical tests, the characteristics of frozen food meatballs containing borax showed a brighter color, an unnatural smell, very chewy, and hard texture that is difficult to destroy. In conclusion, the ten samples of frozen food meatballs tested all contained borax with varying levels.
Axonal sodium channel distribution shapes the depolarized action potential threshold of dentate granule neurons

Intrinsic excitability is a key feature dictating neuronal response to synaptic input. Here we investigate the recent observation that dentate granule neurons exhibit a more depolarized voltage threshold for action potential initiation than CA3 pyramidal neurons. We find no evidence that tonic GABA currents, leak or voltage‐gated potassium conductances, or the expression of sodium channel isoform differences can explain this depolarized threshold. Axonal initial segment voltage‐gated sodium channels, which are dominated by the NaV1.6 isoform in both cell types, distribute more proximally and exhibit lower overall density in granule neurons than in CA3 neurons. To test possible contributions of sodium channel distributions to voltage threshold and to test whether morphological differences participate, we performed simulations of dentate granule neurons and of CA3 pyramidal neurons. These simulations revealed that cell morphology and sodium channel distribution combine to yield the characteristic granule neuron action potential upswing and voltage threshold. Proximal axon sodium channel distribution strongly contributes to the higher voltage threshold of dentate granule neurons for two reasons. First, action potential initiation closer to the somatodendritic current sink causes the threshold of the initiating axon compartment to rise. Second, the proximity of the action potential initiation site to the recording site causes somatic recordings to more faithfully reflect the depolarized threshold of the axon than in cells like CA3 neurons, with distally initiating action potentials. Our results suggest that the proximal location of axon sodium channels in dentate granule neurons contributes to the intrinsic excitability differences between DG and CA3 neurons and may participate in the low‐pass filtering function of dentate granule neurons. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HYDRAULIC FRACTURE CONTAINMENT IN LAYERED RESERVOIRS

Hydraulic fracturing has been widely used for enhancing gas and oil recovery. Often the desire is for the hydraulic fractures to be confined in the reservoir layer, while in other cases the desire is to grow through barriers in order to connect production across multiple strata. In either case, accurate prediction of height growth is important for successful design. This research is oriented to study the hydraulic fracture propagation in the layered reservoirs using: 1) fully coupled, lattice type Distinct Element (DEM) simulator, and 2) laboratory experiments carried out using an analogue three-layered medium constructed from transparent polyurethane. The work is presented in three parts. Firstly, I present experimental validation of several theoretically-predicted asymptotic behaviors, namely for hydraulic fracture growth under conditions of negligible fracture toughness, with growth progressing from early-time radial geometry to large-time blade-like (PKN) geometry. Secondly, I present laboratory experiments comprising a parametric study in hydraulic fracture containment/height growth. There are four observed geometries generated by these experiments: containment, height growth, T-shape growth and the combination of height growth and T-shape. The results indicate that these cases fall within distinct regions when plotted in a parametric space defined by horizontal confining stress contrast between the reservoir and barrier layers as well as the vertical confining stress, both normalized by the fluid pressure. Finally, a numerical study of hydraulic fracture containment in layered reservoirs is carried out. Again, four distinct geometries are observed, depending on the input parameters. These numerical results match well to relevant experimental benchmarks, and they extend the dimensionless parameters beyond what can be considered in the laboratory configuration. The results presented in this paper show the vital role of weak interfaces for determining hydraulic fracture height growth. This research shows that neglecting the role of weak interfaces on hydraulic fracture height growth must be done with the utmost of caution and only if the combination of stress conditions, rock strength, and horizontal interface strength can indeed show to correspond to a range where the interface is expected to play a negligible role in limiting the fracture height growth.