Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paediatric intensive care admissions of preterm children born <32 weeks gestation: a national retrospective cohort study using data linkage

Objective Survival of babies born very preterm (<32 weeks gestational age) has increased, although preterm-born children may have ongoing morbidity. We aimed to investigate the risk of admission to paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) of children born very preterm following discharge home from neonatal care. Design Retrospective cohort study, using data linkage of National Neonatal Research Database and the Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network datasets. Setting All neonatal units and PICUs in England and Wales. Patients Children born very preterm between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018 and admitted to neonatal units. Main outcome measures Admission to PICU after discharge home from neonatal care, before 2 years of age. Results Of the 40 690 children discharged home from neonatal care, there were 2308 children (5.7%) with at least one admission to PICU after discharge. Of these children, there were 1901 whose first PICU admission after discharge was unplanned. The percentage of children with unplanned PICU admission varied by gestation, from 10.2% of children born <24 weeks to 3.3% born at 31 weeks. Following adjustment, unplanned PICU admission was associated with lower gestation, male sex (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.79), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (aOR 1.37), necrotising enterocolitis requiring surgery (aOR 1.39) and brain injury (aOR 1.42). For each week of increased gestation, the aOR was 0.90. Conclusions Most babies born <32 weeks and discharged home from neonatal care do not require PICU admission in the first 2 years. The odds of unplanned admissions to PICU were greater in the most preterm and those with significant neonatal morbidity.
The impact of digital transformation on green total factor productivity of heavily polluting enterprises

Introduction Digital transformation has become an important engine for economic high-quality development and environment high-level protection. However, green total factor productivity (GTFP), as an indicator that comprehensively reflects economic and environmental benefits, there is a lack of studies that analyze the effect of digital transformation on heavily polluting enterprises’ GTFP from a micro perspective, and its impact mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, we aim to study the impact of digital transformation on heavily polluting enterprises’ GTFP and its mechanism, and explore the heterogeneity of its impact. Methods We use Chinese A-share listed enterprises in the heavily polluting industry data from 2007 to 2019, measure enterprise digital transformation indicator using text analysis, and measure enterprise GTFP indicator using the GML index based on SBM directional distance function, to investigate the impact of digital transformation on heavily polluting enterprises’ GTFP. Results Digital transformation can significantly enhance heavily polluting enterprises’ GTFP, and this finding still holds after considering the endogenous problem and conducting robustness tests. Digital transformation can enhance heavily polluting enterprises’ GTFP by promoting green innovation, improving management efficiency, and reducing external transaction costs. The improvement role of digital transformation on heavily polluting enterprises’ GTFP is more obvious in the samples of non-state-owned enterprises, non-high-tech industries, and the eastern region. Compared with blockchain technology, artificial intelligence technology, cloud computing technology, big data technology, and digital technology application can significantly improve heavily polluting enterprises’ GTFP. Discussion Our paper breaks through the limitations of existing research, which not only theoretically enriches the literature related to digital transformation and GTFP, but also practically provides policy implications for continuously promoting heavily polluting enterprises’ digital transformation and facilitating their high-quality development.
EFL Learners' Response to Teacher Written Feedback: An Exploratory Cross-case Analysis

Teacher feedback plays a central role in second language writing research. Although this area of enquiry has been extensively investigated, there is still limited research into learner engagement with the feedback as well as individual difference factors that mediate learner revision processes. Inspired by the ongoing debate around the effectiveness of teacher written feedback and the roles of individual learner factors in feedback activities, the current exploratory multiple-case study examined how two Vietnamese EFL learners of different proficiency levels revised their essays following written feedback provision. Data came from text analyses of the first and revised drafts written by the two case studies. The learners’ revision practices were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative measures. Qualitatively, revision operations were identified using Min’s (2006) revision taxonomy to look at both micro-text-based and macro-text-based changes, while quantitative measures examined the accuracy, fluency, and complexity changes observed from students’ first to revised drafts. Findings suggest some interaction between learner proficiency, revision behaviors, and short-term writing improvement across different drafts within the same essay. Implications for feedback practices are accordingly presented.
Dosimetric characterization of double network Fricke hydrogel based on PVA-GTA and phenylalanine peptide derivative

A double network hydrogel based on Poly(vinyl-alcohol) (PVA) cross-linked with Glutaraldehyde (GTA) was recently developed by using self-assembling phenylalanine (Phe) peptide derivative (Fmoc-Phe-Phe-OMe), with the aim to improve the mechanical-elastic properties of PVA-GTA hydrogels. In this study, a characterization of the properties of Xylenol Orange based Fricke gel dosimeters obtained by infusing a Fricke solution into the double network hydrogel was performed. The gel dosimeters were irradiated with 6 MV and 15 MV X-rays produced by a medical linear accelerator and investigated by means optical absorbance measurements. The double network hydrogel formulation maintained a satisfactory level of radiological water-equivalence within the investigated radiotherapy range. Fricke gel dosimeters prepared with such network kept the desired properties of independence of the response of the dose rate and energy in the investigated intervals. Furthermore, the addition of self-assembling Phe peptide derivative proved not avoid the motion of radio-inducted ferric ions into the hydrogel, probably maintaining the main characteristics of the standard, no Phe peptide infused, formulation. The time course of formation of the optical response after the irradiation was observed to be similar to what previously measured in traditional PVA-GTA Fricke gel dosimeters, while a decrease of the sensitivity to radiation dose of the order of 30% was found. The extent of the decrease does not seem such as to impair the use of these dosimeters for evaluation of doses typical of radiation therapy applications. The overall dosimetric properties, coupled with the mechanical-elastic characteristics of the double network hydrogel, pave theway to the development of phantoms able both to mimic the deformation of organs possibly occurring during radiotherapy treatments and at the same time to assess the 3D dose distribution within such volumes.
Foreign Investment And Economic Growth In Indonesia (Panel Data Approach, Granger Causality And Vecm)

Foreign Investment (PMA) is one element that plays an important role as a source of state investment. FDI is becoming more important and is considered a catalyst for economic development, a source of transfer of technology and innovation from developed to developing countries. This study aims to examine the relationship between FDI and GDP in Indonesia. The analysis tool used is the cointegration test to determine the long-term relationship between FDI and GDP, and the causality relationship between FDI and GDP using the Granger causality (GC) test which is based on VECM. This study uses data on FDI, GDP, and labour with a panel data approach from 33 provinces in Indonesia for the period 2010 - 2020. The results of the study did not show a causal relationship between FDI and GDP, labour in Indonesia. From the results of the Impulse response from the VAR, it tends to diverge, the FDI response to GDP and labour is quite good. This shows that FDI brings externalities from technological innovation, increasing the ability of the workforce requires time for learning. The ability of human resources and the absorption capacity of local companies will affect the transfer of technology brought by FDI.
A survey of hybrid twins in non-silicate minerals

This article is the second part of the survey presenting a systematic crystallographic analysis of hybrid twins in minerals. Here we deal with silicate minerals and in particular the hybrid twins of allanite, augite, axinite, beryl, chloritoid, clinoenstatite, clinozoisite, cordierite, cummingtonite-grunerite, diopside-hedenbergite, enstatite-ferrosilite, epidote, forsterite-fayalite, johannsenite, natrolite, piemontite, pigeonite, protoenstatite, pumpellyite, pyroxmangite, quartz, titanite, spodumene, staurolite, topaz, tourmaline, tremolite-actinolite-ferroactinolite, tridymite. The comparison with the twin analysis of non-silicate minerals shows that the number of hybrid twins for non-silicates is higher than that of the silicates. This well agrees with the fact that the twin formation is favoured by the high symmetries of the close-packing topologies, typical of many non-silicates, especially oxides and simple sulphides, whereas the silicate structures are more complex and characterized by different degrees of polymerization of Si-O tetrahedra.
Downwelling in Basins Subject to Buoyancy Loss

AbstractRecent observational, theoretical, and modeling studies all suggest that the upper part of the downwelling limb of the thermohaline circulation is concentrated in strong currents subject to buoyancy loss near lateral boundaries. This is fundamentally different from the traditional view that downwelling takes place in regions of deep convection. Even when resolving the buoyant boundary currents, coarse-resolution global circulation and climate models rely on parameterizations of poorly known turbulent mixing processes. In this study, the first direct measurements of downwelling occurring within a basin subject to buoyancy loss are obtained. Downwelling is observed near the basin’s vertical wall within the buoyant boundary current flowing cyclonically around the basin. Although the entire basin is cooled, large-scale mean downwelling is absent in the basin interior. Laboratory rotating experiments are conducted to explicitly resolve the turbulent mixing due to convective plumes and the baroclinic ed.
Evaluation of Insecticidal Performances of Jayanti Plant (Sesbania sesban) for Integrated Control of Cabbage Caterpillar (Plutella xylostella)

The study on the use of local natural materials as a source of insecticides is intended, among other things, to reduce farmers' dependency on using synthetic chemicals. This research was conducted to obtain the most selective insecticidal active ingredient from Sesbania sesban plant for controlling cabbage caterpillars, choose a target mode of action that has a safe impact on the environment, and determine insecticidal stability during storage of the material prior to application and its stability in water after application. The dried powder of S. sesban leaves was extracted in stages using a series of solvents, namely hexane, DCM, ethanol and water, respectively. Each of the extract fractions produced was tested for its lethal toxicity against Plutella xylostella larvae and Diadegma semiclausum imago. Each of mortality data were processed by probit analysis to produce LC50(s) to determine their insecticidal selectivity. Subsequent bioassays were carried out using extract-water of S. sesban leaves and the data were processed by probit analysis to determine their anti-ovipositor, ovicidal powers and anti-feedant properties against P. xylostella. The insecticidal stability of S. sesban was also studied according to variations in the storage time of the simplicia before extraction, the storage time of the extract before dissolution, and its stability in water during application. The data was processed using ANOVA. The results show that the insecticidal activity of the ethanol extract fraction of S. sesban leaves for controlling cabbage caterpillars was very selective, namely very toxic to P. xylostella but very less toxic to D. semiclausum. Against P. xylostella, S. sesban leaf extract has also been proven to significantly prevent oviposition, inhibit egg hatching and feeding activity. The insecticidal power of S. sesban did not decrease significantly during storage of the simplicia for less than three months and during storage of the extract for less than seven days. However, the toxicity of the extract solution decreased drastically after 24 hours of application
High-strength high-performance concrete incorporating different macro fiber types and contents: Engineering and durability performance

ABSTRACT Generating a synergistic response by combining the advantages of different fiber types in concrete is of current scholarly interest. This study investigated the effects of different hooked-end steel fiber (SF) volume fractions up to 1.6% and three macro fiber types including polypropylene (PP), SF, and typical hybrid fibers (HF: 50% SF + 50% PP) at a fixed dosage of 1.6% on properties of high-strength high-performance concrete (HSHPC). A novel densified mixture design algorithm was used to incorporate a high quantity of fly ash and rice husk ash as an eco-binder. Results showed the specimens with added macro SF exhibited improved mechanical strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity and rigidity, and lower drying shrinkage while the ones with added PP exhibited reductions in compressive strength and dynamic modulus. Interestingly, the incorporation of macro fibers, regardless of fiber type and content, reduced electrical resistivity, ultrasonic pulse velocity and increased the total charge passed in the chloride ion penetration test, resulting in likely underestimation of the reinforcement corrosion resistance, especially for SF specimens. The findings also confirm that HF demonstrating synergistic response may be effective and creative in improving most of the concrete characteristics, contributing to the efficient use of HSHPC in real-world structures.
Cross sections for electron capture and loss by H+ and H impact on O and O2

Projectile‐charge‐changing cross sections for electron capture by H+ and H collisions with O atoms and electron loss by H collisions with O atoms have been determined. The H+ and H energies ranged from 2.0 down to 0.125 keV. The cross‐beam technique involved measuring the cross‐section ratios for reactions with O‐atom targets to those for O2 targets. The O‐atom‐target cross sections were then obtained by normalizing these ratios to previously measured O2‐target cross sections. The experimental apparatus employed is described, and the measured results are compared with other available data.
Late Pleistocene Faunal Assemblages from Karst Cave Settings on Northern Vancouver Island, Canada

ABSTRACT We present the results of our investigations in karst caves on northern Vancouver Island. This work focuses on late Pleistocene faunal remains and potential archaeological deposits. Our analyses of faunal remains from these caves reveal that a variety of animals have inhabited the region since the Last Glacial Maximum. Pleistocene taxa recovered include black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus), black bear (Ursus americanus), mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus), Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis), wolf/dog (Canis spp.), weasel (Mustela), and frog (Anura). We also report on a previously undescribed diminutive red fox (Vulpes vulpes) which no longer inhabits Vancouver Island. We present the results of sedaDNA analysis of cave sediments which demonstrates promise in supporting the morphological identification of animal remains. The results of this study, combined with previous research, help to constrain the timing of the Last Glacial Maximum and when land became viable to support land mammals on northern Vancouver Island.
Hydrological behaviour and modelling of a volcanic tropical cultivated catchment

The hydrological behaviour of the cultivated Féfé catchment (17·8 ha) on the tropical volcanic island of Guadeloupe was studied to identify flow paths, to quantify water fluxes, and finally, to build a lumped model to simulate discharge and piezometer levels. The approach combined two steps, an experimental step and a modelling step, which covered two time scales, the annual and the storm event scale. The hydrological measurements were conducted over 2 years. The Féfé catchment is characterized by heavy rainfall (4229 mm year−1) on permeable Andosols; the results showed that underground flow paths involved two overlapping aquifers, and that the annual water balance in 2003 was shared among outflows of the deep aquifer (42%), evapotranspiration (31%), and streamflow (27%). On the event scale, the surface runoff coefficient ranges between 6·2% and 24·4% depending on antecedent dry or wet moisture conditions. Hortonian overland flow predominated over subsurface and saturation overland flow processes. Recharge of the shallow aquifer is mainly governed by a constant infiltration capacity of the Andosols with depth in the vadose zone. Outflows of this shallow aquifer were the baseflow of the main stream and the recharge of the deep aquifer. Volcanic deposits at Féfé promoted the underground flow path, and cultivated areas seemed to explain the high stormflow values relative to other tropical small catchments under rain forest. A conceptual lumped model integrating runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration, and fluctuations of the two overlapping aquifers was developed. The model has six parameters and was calibrated and validated on the hydrograph at the outlet and on the two piezometers of the shallow and the deep aquifers. The results show fair to good agreement between measured and simulated variables, and consequently, the model was consistent with the main hydrological processes observed from experimental results in wet conditions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effective Stress and Shear Strength of Moist Uniform Spheres

In continuum soil mechanics, the mechanical behavior of an element of soil is related to the effective stress, which is a measure of the average stress transmitted through the solid matrix in the form of contact stresses. In unsaturated soils, the coexistence of water and air within the soil pore space complicates this concept because the microscopic distribution of each fluid phase in soil pores cannot be known. Because it is thus not possible to physically measure effective stress in unsaturated soils, it is often estimated through the experimentally measurable shear strength. A conceptual model based on contact shear forces was built on the contact normal force based models from the literature to link effective stress and shear strength of the continuum to total stress and microscopic pore fluid forces for the simplified case of uniform spherical particles at low water contents. The validity of both models was examined by comparing model predictions of shear strength with the results of drained triaxial compression tests performed on specimens of uniform glass spheres. Although the shear strength calculated by the new model was consistently larger than that calculated via the contact normal force models, values measured in the experiments were even larger. Nevertheless, the test results fit what the new model analytically showed: the friction angle of a soil does not change with desaturation, and introducing moisture in the form of liquid bridges at contacts is fundamentally different from applying an equivalent isotropic stress to the soil externally.
Phytochemical Standardization of an Extract Rich in Flavonoids from Flowers of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam) Pers

Kalanchoe pinnata is a species widely used in traditional medicine in Latin America and southern Africa. This species has been reported to have different activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic, the latter being related to its flavonoid content. The aim of this study was to contribute to the standardization of the aqueous extract of flowers from Kalanchoe pinnata. Purification of chemical markers was carried out by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). Stability tests under stress conditions were conducted for the extract by using the chromatographic profiles analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detection (UPLC-PDA) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole-time of flight–mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS-QTOF), with quantification of flavonoids by a validated UPLC-PDA method. Physicochemical variables of the plant material were within the limits established by official guides. Thirteen flavonoids present in the extract were identified, the major compounds being quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside and quercetin 3-O-D-glucuronide, purified by CPC. A range of total flavonoids for the extract from 8–13% was determined. Finally, through stability tests, it was observed that the extract was stable in most conditions but evidenced moderate degradations upon acid and basic hydrolysis. Through qualitative and quantitative chemical characterizations, it was possible to chemically standardize the aqueous extract of flowers from K. pinnata, with a high content of flavonoids, under parameters required by the WHO and pharmacopoeias.
Habitat suitability assessment of Gazella subgutturosa in Kalamaili Mountain Nature Reserve

We selected a representative region of about 1 447 km2 for an assessment area in the Kalamaili Mountain Nature Reserve. Based on the data obtained from field surveys of Goitred gazelle(Gazella subgutturosa)in Kalamaili Mountain Nature Reserve since 2005, we used the habitat evaluation model and Geographic Information System (GIS) to assessed suitability of the habitat for Goitred gazelle. Vegetation types,slope,aspect, and human activities were selected as factors for habitat suitability assessment. The results showed that the area of actual habitats was 1 146.9 km2,1 137.1 km2,991.6 km2 and 499.8 km2 respectively during four seasons;accounting for 79.3%, 78.6%, 68.5% and 34.5% of the total assessment area. The area of the suitable actual habitats for Gazella subgutturosa was 304.1 km2, 599.4 km2, 303.6 km2 and 56.2 km2 respectively in the four seasons; accounting for 21.0%, 41.4%, 21.0% and 3.9% of the total assessment area. Some potential habitat has been transformed into unsuitable habitat. The habitat lost is 3.9%, 3.1%, 4.3% and 48.5% during the four seasons. Among human interferences, residential areas, a national highway and mining affect the habitat,but have little impact. In winter, suitable habitat for gazelle was occupied by livestock,which leads to a decline in the quality of habitat in the large area. Based on evaluation results, this paper also put forward measures to protect them.