Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiotherapy efficacies for vertebral hemangioma patients with severe spinal cord compression and cauda equina syndrome

Background: Although vertebral hemangioma is the most common benign spine tumor, rare patients may experience spinal cord compression accompanied by pain and neurological deficits, in whom surgery remains the standard treatment option. For patients with comorbidities who cannot tolerate operation, radiotherapy may be an alternative treatment, however, previous studies suggested that if spinal cord cannel was aggressively compressed by vertebral hemangioma, the efficacies of radiotherapy were suboptimal. Methods and results: Herein, we presented two patients with vertebral hemangioma who developed spinal cord compression, first patient with underlying congenital heart disease had spinal canal encroachment of 63.4% at ninth thoracic vertebra, and second patient failed to transcatheter arterial embolization for treating total encroachment of sacrum plexus. The first patient underwent radiotherapy with 44 Gy at 20 fractions using Tomotherapy and became fully recovered from the severe neurological deficits at 5.5 months after completing radiotherapy. The second patient benefited from neurological symptoms relief at 6 months after completion of radiotherapy using 42 Gy at 21 fractions using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique.Conclusions: Our results indicate that radiotherapy with 42 to 44 Gy using conventional fractions could efficiently cause tumor regressions and improve neurological symptoms resulted from vertebral hemangioma-causing spinal cord compression.
Wakif's Behavior in Money Waqf: an Approach to Theory of Planned Behavior

The Indonesian nation is a country where the development of productive waqf is very potential, but the collection of productive waqf funds, especially cash waqf, has not been optimal. This is thought to be the behavior of the muslim community that does not understand well the development of cash waqf. Based on this phenomenon, this research was conducted to find empirical evidence of the Theory of Planned Behavior and religiosity in influencing the behavior of Muslim communities to conduct cash waqf in Indonesia. This study used a quantitative descriptive approach, data collection was carried out online using the google form facility, and data collected were 138 respondents to the questionnaire that had been distributed online. The results of this study found that attitudes, subjective norms, and values of religiosity were able to influence waqf behavior in making decisions to do cash waqf.
A comparative study of laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy versus total abdominal hysterectomy in benign gynaecological conditions

Background: Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) has become an alternative to Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH) in cases difficult to manage via vaginal route. To compare the TAH and LAVH for benign uterine pathology.Methods: This prospective study conducted with the outcomes of Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy with Total abdominal hysterectomy over a period of 2 years in 100 patients who are undergoing hysterectomies for benign uterine pathology. 50 underwent TAH and 50 underwent Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal hysterectomy.Results: The average duration of surgery in TAH group is 50 minutes and it is 75 minutes in LAVH group (P<0.05). In TAH group, blood loss was more (250-500ml) in 28% of patients, where as it was <250 ml in 92% of patients in LAVH group. Mean blood loss is 238 ml and 130 ml in TAH and LAVH group (P<0.01). Only 3 (6%) patients in LAVH group required blood transfusion (P>0.05). Recovery and return to work after discharge from hospital was early with LAVH group as early. Recovery and return to work after discharge from hospital was early with LAVH group as early as 2 weeks in 46% of patients. In TAH group, it was late by 4 weeks in 52% of patients and by 6 weeks in 10% of patients.Conclusions: Thus, it can be concluded that LAVH is safe with less blood loss, shorter duration of hospital stay, early recovery to work, and other intra-operative and post-operative complications.
Validation of Modified SOFIT+: Relating Physical Activity Promoting Practices in Physical Education to Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity in 5–6 Year Old Children

ABSTRACT To validate the modified System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time to measure teacher practices related to physical activity promotion (SOFIT+) in physical education (PE) amongst 5–6-year-old-children. Participants (n = 162, 53% female, 6.0 ± 0.3 yrs) were recruited from 9 schools. Video-recordings of 45 PE lessons from 9 teachers/coaches were coded using a modified SOFIT+. Accelerometers measured children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Validity was assessed via multinomial regression measuring the relationship of both SOFIT+ index score and individual teaching practices with children’s MVPA. Inter-rater reliability was examined. A 1 unit increase in the SOFIT+ index was associated with increased likelihood to engage in 10–19 sec, 20–29 sec and 30–40 sec of MVPA, compared to 0–10 sec. Most of the observed teaching practices were significantly related to children’s MVPA. Inter-rater percentage of agreement ranged between 88.8% and 99.7%. SOFIT+ is a valid and reliable assessment of teaching practices related to MVPA promotion in PE amongst 5–6-year-old-children.
Thermal conductive performance of deposited amorphous carbon materials by molecular dynamics simulation

ABSTRACT A series of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films with different microstructure were prepared by depositing carbon atoms on diamond surface with incident energy ranging from 1 to 100 eV. The thermal conductivity of the deposited films and the Kapitza resistance between the film and the diamond substrate were investigated. Results show that the average density, the average fraction of sp3 bonding and the thermal conductivity of the DLC films increase first, reaching a maximum around 20–40 eV before decreasing, while the Kapitza resistance decreases gradually with increased deposition energy. The analysis suggests that the thermal resistance of the interface layer is in the order of 10−10 m2K/W, which is not ignorable when measuring the thermal conductivity of the deposited film especially when the thickness of the DLC film is not large enough. The fraction of sp3 bonding in the DLC film decreases gradually normal to the diamond surface. However, the thermal conductivity of the film in normal direction is not affected obviously by this kind of structural variation but depends linearly on the average fraction of sp3 bonding in the entire film. The dependence of the thermal conductivity on the fraction of sp3 bonding was analysed by the phonon theory.
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Chlorophyll Content for Precision Nitrogen Management in Durum Wheat Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions

To impart sustainability to modern intensive farming systems, environmental pollution caused by nitrogenous fertilizers in needs to be reduced by optimizing their doses. To estimate the grain yield and nutrtional quallity of wheat, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and chlorophyll content (SPAD) are potential screening tools to identify the N deficiency and screen out the promising cultivars. The two-year field study was comprised with five levels of nitrogen (N) (control, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha−1) and two durum wheat genotypes (Sena and Svevo). The experimental design was split-plot, in which N levels were placed in the main plots, while wheat genotypes were arranged in sub-plots. To predict the yield and quality traits, the NDVI and SPAD values recorded at heading, anthesis and milky growth stages were taken as response variables. The results revealed that N fertilization significantly influenced the SPAD and NDVI attributed traits of durum wheat, except NDVI at milky stage (NDVI-M) during the first year. The maximum value of NDVI was recorded by 150 kg N ha−1, while control treatment gave the minimum value. The grain yield was increased with the increasing dose of the N up to 100 kg N ha−1 (4121 kg ha−1), and thereafter, it was declined with further increased of N levels. However, the variation between the genotypes was not significant, except NDVI and SPAD values at the milky stage. The genotype Svevo had the highest NDVI values at all growth stages, while the genotype Sena recorded the maximum SPAD values during both years. Similarly, the N levels significantly influenced the quality traits (protein, wet gluten, starch test weight and Zeleny sedimentation) of both genotypes. The highly significant relationship of SPAD and NDVI with the grain yield and yield attributes showed their reliability as indicators for determining the N deficiency and selection of superior wheat genotypes for ensuring food security under climate change scenario.
Prediction of Full-Scale GAC Adsorption of Organic Micropollutants

Abstract The principal goal of this research was to develop a new scale-up procedure with which the adsorption of organic micropollutants (MPs) by granular activated carbon (GAC) can be predicted from bench-scale tests. To develop scale-up approaches, the adsorption of 29 environmentally relevant MPs was studied in both pilot-scale GAC adsorbers and rapid small-scale column tests that were based on the proportional diffusivity design (PD-RSSCT). Four surface waters with different dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were spiked with MPs at ng/L levels and tested in PD-RSSCTs simulating full-scale empty bed contact times of 7 and 15 min. Corresponding pilot-scale tests showed MP breakthrough occurred earlier than in PD-RSSCTs, and MP-specific differences between the PD-RSSCT and pilot column breakthrough curves were described by fouling parameters. On average, the PD-RSSCT overpredicted pilot-scale MP breakthrough by a factor of 3.0 ± 1.2 (n = 101). Two approaches were developed for predicting bed.
Obstetric violence: a health system study

Background: Disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth is a global problem with differing driving factors in different contexts. Obstetric Violence (OV) refers to professional deficiencies in maternity care. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge and attitudes towards OV in a cohort of members of the obstetric healthcare team at a tertiary care, teaching hospital in Western India (Mumbai). Methods: A questionnaire-based study involving 80 participants comprising of trainee doctors and faculty, nursing students, staff and teachers from the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and hospital administration.Results: 57.97% of participants had heard the term ‘Obstetric violence’ earlier. 75.36% reported verbal abuse as a form of OV, others being physical abuse, non-consented care, discriminatory care, abandonment/neglect or refusal of care and imposition of interventions without scientific basis. 53% and 89.8% of the participants did not consider routine episiotomies and artificial rupture of membrane respectively as forms of OV. 84.06% and 59.4% of participants considered instrumental delivery without consent and Caesarean section citing safety/convenience respectively as forms of OV. 82.6% participants endorsed the need of birth companion. Improving the number and training of healthcare providers and better institutional policies on respectful maternity care were suggested as solutions.Conclusions: Majority of the participants had witnessed some form of OV. The need for practical training of healthcare personnel and better infrastructure in the healthcare system were emphasised, but there appeared to be a lack of consciousness of the paternalistic mindset and approach to women in labour. Soft skills training of healthcare providers with emphasis on key ethical principles like autonomy, respect and dignity is crucial to address the issue of OV.
Consolation Strategies in Children’s Television News: A Longitudinal Content Analysis

ABSTRACT Engaging children in news is important for their participation in the public sphere. However, producers of children’s news face a trade-off between fully informing children and not causing distress. Against the background of technological, economic, and ideological changes in the media landscape, this study examined the use of consolation strategies in the Dutch children’s news, and whether these have shifted between 2000 and 2016. A manual content analysis was conducted, focusing on strategies used within the entire newscast (N = 408 programs), within items (N = 2,304 items), and within camera shots (N = 41,338 shots). Results showed that, on the one hand, the Dutch children’s news seems to become less inclined to protect children, by showing a decrease in expert sources and distant shots, and an increase in the repetition of sensational images and the prevalence of frightening sounds. On the other hand, the attention for sensational topics is relatively low and has not changed over time. Also, the use of the sandwich formula, animations and reassuring comments by the host or reporter did not change over the years. Yet, the use of children as a source has risen, which might signal a greater focus on stories of children themselves.
Association of putatively adaptive genetic variation with climatic variables differs between a parasite and its host

Parasitism is a pervasive phenomenon in nature with the relationship between species driving evolution in both parasite and host. Due to their host‐dependent lifestyle, parasites may adapt to the abiotic environment in ways that differ from their hosts or from free‐living relatives; yet rarely has this been assessed. Here, we test two competing hypotheses related to whether putatively adaptive genetic variation in a specialist mistletoe associates with the same, or different, climatic variables as its host species. We sampled 11 populations of the specialist mistletoe Amyema gibberula var. tatei (n = 154) and 10 populations of its associated host Hakea recurva subsp. recurva (n = 160). Reduced‐representation sequencing was used to obtain genome‐wide markers and putatively adaptive variation detected using genome scan methods. Climate associations were identified using generalized dissimilarity modelling, and these were mapped geographically to visualize the spatial patterns of genetic composition. Our results supported the hypothesis of parasites and host species responding differently to climatic variables. Temperature was relatively more important in predicting allelic turnover in the specialist mistletoe while precipitation was more important for the host. This suggests that parasitic plants and host species may respond differently to selective pressures, potentially as a result of differing nutrient acquisition strategies. Specifically, mistletoes acquire water from hosts (rather than the abiotic environment), which may provide a buffer to precipitation as a selective pressure. This work deepens and complements the physiological and other ecological studies of adaptation and provides a window into the evolutionary processes that underlie previously observed phenomena. Applying these methods to a comparative study in a host–parasite system has also highlighted factors that affect the study of selection pressure on nonmodel organisms, such as differing adaptation rates and lack of reference genomes.
Mechanical and Structural Evaluation of the PA12 Desktop Selective Laser Sintering Printed Parts Regarding Printing Strategy

Despite the dynamic development of additive manufacturing technologies, including selective laser sintering (SLS), there is still limited information on the impact of key factors in printing strategy, on the properties of three-dimensional (3D) printed parts. Such factors, such as the orientation of printed layers toward the powder bed or elements target dimensions, seem to be particularly important, from both a mechanical and a structural point of view. Besides, the scientific articles mainly focus on the analysis of one type of loading condition in the samples, that is, the uniaxial tensile test, which were printed on industrial SLS printers. This is a considerable limitation because very often not only tensile forces but also compressive forces act on the structural elements. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the influence of desktop SLS printed parts' orientation and diameter on their structural and mechanical parameters. The mechanical properties of samples printed from PA12 powder on the desktop SLS 3D printer were tested in uniaxial tensile and compression tests, as well as structural properties were investigated. For the purposes of this article, 5 angular orientations of the samples in relation to the powder bed and three diameters of cylindrical samples were analyzed. The research has shown that in the case of samples subjected to tensile load, the printing strategy is important, and the best mechanical parameters are obtained for parts printed at an angle of 0°, that is, in the powder bed's plane. The highest values of mechanical parameters were obtained for a part oriented at an angle of 0°. In the case of the uniaxial compression test and structural parameters, the parts orientation turned out to be an insignificant factor affecting the tested parameters. However, the diameter of printed elements was proven to have a significant influence; the best geometric and dimensional representation was observed for parts biggest in size.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Sanghuangporus sanghuang by suppressing the TLR4-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR/IKKβ signaling pathway

Sanghuangporus sanghuang (SS) is a mushroom that belongs to the genus Sanghuangporus and it is commonly called “Sangwhang” in Taiwan. It is popular in oriental countries and has been traditionally used as food and medicine. The mystery surrounding it was solved in 2012, when it was discovered. However, existing research has not extensively investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of sanghuang that grows on Morus trees. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanism of SS on inflammation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that SS treatment markedly attenuated LPS-induced lung edema, by elevation of the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) accompanied by a remarkable improvement of lung histopathological symptoms. Additionally, western blotting results suggest that anti-inflammatory effects of SS against the LPS-induced ALI may be due to its ability to inhibit the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/IKK, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Notably, our results suggest that SS suppresses LPS-induced ROS by inducing Nrf2 activation and HO-1, thioredoxin-1 expression in the lung tissues. Moreover, these findings suggest a potential application of SS in pulmonary inflammatory disease therapy.
From the Well to the Bottle: Identifying Sources of Microplastics in Mineral Water

Microplastics (MP) have been detected in bottled mineral water across the world. Because only few MP particles have been reported in ground water-sourced drinking water, it is suspected that MP enter the water during bottle cleaning and filling. However, until today, MP entry paths were not revealed. For the first time, this study provides findings of MP from the well to the bottle including the bottle washing process. At four mineral water bottlers, five sample types were taken along the process: raw and deferrized water samples were filtered in situ; clean bottles were sampled right after they left the bottle washer and after filling and capping. Caustic cleaning solutions were sampled from bottle washers and MP particles isolated through enzymatic and chemical treatments. The samples were analyzed for eleven synthetic and natural polymer particles ≥11 µm with Fourier-transform infrared imaging and random decision forests. MP were present in all steps of mineral water bottling, with a sharp increase from <1 MP L−1 to 317 ± 257 MP L−1 attributed to bottle capping. As 81% of MP resembled the PE-based cap sealing material, abrasion from the sealings was identified as the main entry path for MP into bottled mineral water.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Air Pollution in Poland Based on Surface Measurements and Satellite Data

ABSTRACT Since its first detection in December 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan, the virus has become a global pandemic within just three months. The Polish government declared a state of emergency on March 14, 2020, which was connected with the adoption of a number of measures aimed to prevent the spread of the virus. These restrictive measures have led to improvements in air quality throughout the country. Therefore, evaluation of the reduction in anthropogenic emissions due to COVID-19 and related government measures to constrain its spread is crucial to define its impact on air pollution. During this study, aerosol optical depth (AOD) observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) were used along with tropospheric NO2 and SO2 vertical column densities from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI). The data on ground-based concentrations of pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2) obtained from air quality monitoring stations were also considered to assess changes in aerosols and air pollutants connected with the cessation of various kinds of anthropogenic and industrial activities due to preventive measures for COVID-19. In large cities of the country, the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 were reduced in the range from -5.1% to -35.5%, from -8.3% to -33.1% and from -0.4% to -18.8%. In addition, satellite data for NO2 and SO2 also indicate a decrease in concentration across the country by -10.8% and -25.6% during the COVID-19 restrictions period. The lockdown events may play a vital role as a potential solution to reduce air pollution in future as it may not be uncommon for governments to introduce deliberately selective hotspot lockdowns to control pollution levels.
The Impact of Executives' IT Expertise on Reported Data Security Breaches

Data security breaches (DSBs) are increasing investor and regulator pressure on firms to improve their IT governance (ITG) in an effort to mitigate the related risk. We argue that DSB risk cannot be mitigated by one executive alone, but, rather, is a shared leadership responsibility of the top management team (TMT) (i.e., Chief Executive Officer [CEO], Chief Financial Officer [CFO], and Chief Information Officer [CIO]). Our results suggest that IT-savvy CEOs see technologies related to mitigating DSBs as a top-three most important type of digital methodology for their firm. Similarly, the results related to CFOs with IT expertise single out the critical investment in controls designed to prevent DSBs. Our strong findings for CIOs on the TMT add to the related guidance from COBIT 5 for information security and consistently suggest that they are the key executive for securing IT systems. Finally, our granular explanation of each executive’s DSB-related responsibility could potentially provide firms the start of a governance-led roadmap for compliance to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s and Justice Department’s cyber regulations.