Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applying a ‘Metabolic Funnel’ for Phenol Production in Escherichia coli

Phenol is an important petrochemical that is conventionally used as a precursor for synthesizing an array of plastics and fine chemicals. As an emerging alternative to its traditional petrochemical production, multiple enzyme pathways have been engineered to date to enable its renewable biosynthesis from biomass feedstocks, each incorporating unique enzyme chemistries and intermediate molecules. Leveraging all three of the unique phenol biosynthesis pathways reported to date, a series of synthetic ‘metabolic funnels’ was engineered, each with the goal of maximizing net precursor assimilation and flux towards phenol via the parallel co-expression of multiple distinct pathways within the same Escherichia coli host. By constructing and evaluating all possible binary and tertiary pathway combinations, one ‘funnel’ was ultimately identified, which supported enhanced phenol production relative to all three individual pathways by 16 to 69%. Further host engineering to increase endogenous precursor availability then allowed for 26% greater phenol production, reaching a final titer of 554 ± 19 mg/L and 28.8 ± 0.34 mg/g yield on glucose. Lastly, using a diphasic culture including dibutyl phthalate for in situ phenol extraction, final titers were further increased to a maximum of 812 ± 145 mg/L at a yield of 40.6 ± 7.2 mg/g. The demonstrated ‘funneling’ pathway holds similar promise in support of phenol production by other, non-E. coli hosts, while this general approach can be readily extended towards a diversity of other value-added bioproducts of interest.
The some cytokines Levels (TGFβ1, IL-4 , IL-6, and IL-17) in sera Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type1,Type 2 in Nassiriya city

The present study was carried out in the Labs of collage of education for pure science and Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology of the Health Directorate in Nassiriya city, during period from January 2017 to end July of the same year. The immune status investigates for patients with diabetes type I and type II by measuring the levels of cytokines (TGFβ1, IL4, IL6,IL17 ) in sera using a technique enzyme-linked immune Sorbent adsorptive (ELISA). The study included 88 subjects with (34) type I, (34) II diabetes and (20) were healthy control. The statistical analysis showed that a high significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in serum IL6 and IL17 as the rate of concentration of IL-6 in patients (33.07 pg / ml) compared to the control group (4.68 pg/ml) with significant difference (0.00), while IL-17 concentration (113.66 pg / ml) for patients compared with the healthy control (43.67 pg / ml ) with a significant difference (0.01) in type I patients. While a highly significant (p<0.05) of (TGFβ1 , IL-6, and IL-17 ) in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with the concentration in IL – 4 and a healthy control group. The highest concentration recorded was (132.26 , 24.69 and102.02 pg/ml) respectively, compared to the other groups . These results revealed that the excessive presence of cytokines might play a role in diabetic in Nassryain population.
Inertial navigation systems analysis

This book offers a guide for avionics system engineers who want to compare the performance of the various types of inertial navigation systems. The author emphasizes systems used on or near the surface of the planet, but says the principles can be applied to craft in space or underwater with a little tinkering. Part of the material is adapted from the authors doctoral dissertation, but much is from his lecture notes for a one-semester graduate course in inertial navigation systems for students who were already adept in classical mechanics, kinematics, inertial instrument theory, and inertial platform mechanization. This book was first published in 1971 but no revision has been necessary so far because the earth's spin is being so much more stable than its magnetic field.
Active learning for acoustic speech recognition modeling

In this work, we investigate a machine learning approach to cost-effectively train acoustic models for speech recognition. More specifically, we utilize an active learning method that allows the system/learner to exert control over what new data is introduced into training, allowing us to selectively invest in the resources necessary to provide the truth labels required to train the models. We propose a two-pronged approach to improve speech recognition performance through the selective use of training data. First, we make effective use of the available transcribed data by selectively using only those examples that are likely to improve system performance. And second, we focus future transcription effort on data that has the biggest potential to improve performance. Our approach has the capability to select a set of data from which to build a recognition system that outperforms a system built on larger, but randomly selected, data. We start our investigation of our proposed data-selective methods by using a simple alphadigit recognition problem. We demonstrate both a model-selective and a sequence-selective approach appropriate for situations when whole words are modeled independently of each other, in one case showing that we can improve system performance by selectively using 30% (17.5 hours) of a 50-hour training set. In particular, we reduce the error rate from 10.3% (achieved when using the full 50 hours to train) to 9.0%, without prior knowledge of the true transcription. Finally, we demonstrate, on the more realistic Wall Street Journal corpus, a word-selective method suitable for typical speech recognition applications, showing that selective algorithms are able to meet or beat the error rate predicted by systems trained with a similar amount of randomly selected training data.
Determining factors of environmental concern in purchasing decisions

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores determinantes da preocupação com o meio ambiente nas decisões de compra na perspectiva dos usuários das redes sociais digitais. Método: A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 288 indivíduos. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi o questionário, contendo 26 questões. O método de análise foi a análise descritiva de médias e desvio padrão das variáveis do construto, e a análise fatorial exploratória, ambas desenvolvidas no software SPSS 12.Originalidade/Relevância: Para que as empresas possam corresponder às expectativas dos consumidores, de empresas sustentáveis e engajadas com causas sociais e ambientais, e assim gerar vantagens competitivas, se torna fundamental perceber os fatores do meio ambiente que são levados em consideração pelo consumidor para definir suas compras.Resultados: Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram a existência de 4 fatores determinantes da preocupação com o meio ambiente nas decisões de compra dos indivíduos da pesquisa, possibilitando uma melhor compreensão do comportamento de consumo sustentável. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Os resultados do estudo contribuem para a formação de uma abordagem teórica mais sólida para se analisar e entender os fatores determinantes da preocupação com o meio ambiente nas decisões de compra. Contribuições sociais/práticas para a gestão: Almeja-se proporcionar às empresas um melhor delineamento dos fatores determinantes da preocupação com o meio ambiente nas decisões de compra, que em posse de tais informações, poderão desenvolver estratégias mais assertivas no atendimento das demandas desse público, potencializando suas vendas, bem como contribuindo para a consolidação do desenvolvimento sustentável.
Relationship of Principal’s Managerial Skills and Academic Supervision Skills through Organizational Climate to Teacher Performance in Public Elementary Schools in Pandawan District

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship (1) principals' managerial skills with organizational climate, (2) academic oversight skills with organizational climate, (3) principals managerial skills on teacher performance, (4) academic supervision skills on teacher performance , (5) organizational climate on teacher performance, (6) principals' managerial skills regarding teacher performance through organizational climate as an intervening variable, (7) academic supervision skills on teacher performance through organizational climate as an intervening variable. Meanwhile, this type of research is quantitative research with Ex-Post Facto design. This research was conducted with a total of 31 school respondents. The sampling technique used in this study was a questionnaire. Hypothesis testing is done by multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 26 for windows . Based on the results of the study it was found that (1) there was a relationship between the princi-pal's managerial skills to the organizational climate with a path coefficient of 0.327; (2) there is a relationship between academic supervision skills and organizational climate with a path coefficient of 0.624; (3) there is a relationship between the principal's managerial skills and teacher performance with a path coefficient of 0.457; (4) there is a relationship between academic supervision skills and teacher performance with a path coefficient of 0.277; (5) there is a relationship between organizational climate and teacher performance with a path coefficient of 0.272; (6) there is a relationship between the principal's managerial skills and teacher performance through the organizational climate as an intervening variable with an indirect path coefficient of 0.5459; (7) there is a relationship between academic supervision skills and teacher performance through organizational climate as an intervening variable with an indirect path coefficient of 0.4516.
Pleuropulmonary pathologies in the early phase of acute pancreatitis correlate with disease severity

Background Respiratory failure worsens the outcome of acute pancreatitis (AP) and underlying factors might be early detectable. Aims To evaluate the prevalence and prognostic relevance of early pleuropulmonary pathologies and pre-existing chronic lung diseases (CLD) in AP patients. Methods Multicentre retrospective cohort study. Caudal sections of the thorax derived from abdominal contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) performed in the early phase of AP were assessed. Independent predictors of severe AP were identified by binary logistic regression analysis. A one-year survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves and log rank test was performed. Results 358 patients were analysed, finding pleuropulmonary pathologies in 81%. CECTs were performed with a median of 2 days (IQR 1–3) after admission. Multivariable analysis identified moderate to severe or bilateral pleural effusions (PEs) (OR = 4.16, 95%CI 2.05–8.45, p<0.001) and pre-existing CLD (OR = 2.93, 95%CI 1.17–7.32, p = 0.022) as independent predictors of severe AP. Log rank test showed a significantly worse one-year survival in patients with bilateral compared to unilateral PEs in a subgroup. Conclusions Increasing awareness of the prognostic impact of large and bilateral PEs and pre-existing CLD could facilitate the identification of patients at high risk for severe AP in the early phase and thus improve their prognosis.
Excessive Weight Gain Before and During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management: What Is the Impact?

OBJECTIVE Conventional gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) management focuses on managing blood glucose in order to prevent adverse outcomes. We hypothesized that excessive weight gain at first presentation with GDM (excessive gestational weight gain [EGWG]) and continued EGWG (cEGWG) after commencing GDM management would increase the risk of adverse outcomes, despite treatment to optimize glycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data collected prospectively from pregnant women with GDM at a single institution were analyzed. GDM was diagnosed on the basis of Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society 1998 guidelines (1992–2015). EGWG means having exceeded the upper limit of the Institute of Medicine–recommended target ranges for the entire pregnancy, by GDM presentation. The relationship between EGWG and antenatal 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) values and adverse outcomes was evaluated. Relationships were examined between cEGWG, insulin requirements, and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants. RESULTS Of 3,281 pregnant women, 776 (23.6%) had EGWG. Women with EGWG had higher mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) on oGTT (5.2 mmol/L [95% CI 5.1–5.3] vs. 5.0 mmol/L [95% CI 4.9–5.0]; P < 0.01), after adjusting for confounders, and more often received insulin therapy (47.0% vs. 33.6%; P < 0.0001), with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1–1.7; P < 0.01). aORs for each 2-kg increment of cEGWG were a 1.3-fold higher use of insulin therapy (95% CI 1.1–1.5; P < 0.001), an 8-unit increase in final daily insulin dose (95% CI 5.4–11.0; P < 0.0001), and a 1.4-fold increase in the rate of delivery of LGA infants (95% CI 1.2–1.7; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The absence of EGWG and restricting cEGWG in GDM have a mitigating effect on oGTT-based FPG, the risk of having an LGA infant, and insulin requirements.
Cytokinin Induction in Response to Tomato Pinworm, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Gelechiidae: Lepidoptera) Damage on Tomato Leaves

Endophagous herbivorous insects live within plants and lead to the formation of plant architectures like galls and mines. These insect derived architectures offer protection from natural enemies, extreme environmental conditions and also enable the resident to feed selectively on tissues with high nutrient content and low defense responses (Stone and Scho ̈nrogge 2003). Tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Gelechiidae) is one of the most devastating endophagous leafminer pests of solanaceous crops. It mines on the mesophyll region by destroying the epidermal region and causes 14.4 to 97.9 per cent yield loss (Kumari et al., 2015). These endophagous insects are also known to alter plant primary or secondary metabolisms and thereby they also control their chemical properties (Stone and Scho ̈nrogge 2003). Several hypotheses have been suggested on the adaptive International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 08 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Quality Assessment of Summer and Autumn Carrots from a Biodynamic Breeding Project and Correlations of Physico-Chemical Parameters and Features Determined by Picture Forming Methods

Introduction: Assessment of product quality is of special significance in organic farming and includes the supervision of crop quality in different growing systems (e.g., Fleck et al. 1998) and the characterisation of different cultivars. Several methods have been developed and applied for this purpose, e.g., the physico-chemical analysis of crops, picture forming methods (PFMs) and plant observation. So far only limited information is available on the comparability of these methods. This contribution aims to compare the results of the analysis of physico-chemical parameters of summer and autumn carrots with features determined by PFMs by means of correlation analysis. Conclusions: High and significant correlation coefficients were found between quality parameters of summer and autumn carrots from a biodynamical breeding project determined by physico-chemical analysis and PFMs. This indicates close relationships between the two quality approaches which should be investigated further in future work.
Production control and information systems for component-manufacturing shops

Production control and information system design is a fast developing field, in theory and well as in practice. Many production organizations have tried to improve their control performance and their information systems, either by implementing standard software packages for production control or by developing customized production control software themselves. All too often, however, these projects do not fully achieve their purpose. This book reports on research on some aspects of production control and information system design that may explain some of the failures often encountered.
Carrier wave interference and Loran-C receiver performance

Carrier wave interference (CWI) has been shown to be a serious problem which affects the operation of all Loran-C receivers in Europe, and aviation and land-mobile receivers in the US and Canada. The designers of Loran-C systems for use in Europe have been obliged to pay considerable attention to CWI in predicting coverage. The paper contains a unified analysis of the effects of the phase-decoding and averaging operations of receivers on CWI and provides a quantitative assessment of receiver performance under CWI conditions. The analysis covers synchronous, near-synchronous and asynchronous interference. It shows that, in contrast to asynchronous interference, synchronous and near-synchronous CWI are attenuated by phase decoding and averaging within periods of two group repetition intervals and that longer periods of averaging do not improve performance. Front-end filtering is incorporated into the analysis by considering not only the attenuation of interference that it provides but also the delay and distortion it causes to Loran-C signals. Both the phase-tracking and the cycle-selection functions of receivers are examined. The results of the analysis, which are confirmed by computer simulation, are presented in a form that will be of direct use to the designers of Loran-C receivers and systems.
Trends and Effects of Child Restraint Systems Based on Volvo's Swedish Accident Database

This paper is based on 25.000 crashes which occurred in Sweden between 1976 and 1996. The analysis is carried out on a subset of 4242 child occupants between 0 and 15 years of age, restrained and unrestrained. A positive trend to more frequent use of child restraint systems (CRS) in Sweden, during the last 20 years, is shown in the paper. During the same period, the overall injury risk, for different age groups of child occupants, has decreased substantially. This indicates the high effectiveness of CRS. Children need car occupant safety systems specifically designed for their size. The paper clearly states the need for child safety systems, and discusses benefits and drawbacks with regard to different restraints, ages, and injuries. The analysis points out, that when a crash occurs, the maximum effect of a CRS is not reached, if the child is not using the correct system for his/her size. There is even a tendency that the injury risk increases when children switch from one restraint system to another, that is to say when they are at the youngest ages for which the specific restraint is recommended. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 899572.
EVALUATING "INDEPENDENT" ASSESSMENT OF CAPSTONE PROJECTS BY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS IN DIT

Capstone projects by mechanical engineering students in Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT) are designed for students to showcase their skills and technical knowledge. To successfully complete capstone projects, students must typically demonstrate skills of project planning, time management, negotiation, component sourcing and an awareness of the multi-disciplinary nature of engineering in addition to the application of technical knowledge. A key element is that students explain and justify their work before a panel of technical experts. The Mechanical Engineering Department at DIT introduced “independent” assessment for student presentations on a pilot basis for the Bachelor of Engineering technology students in 2010. Under this system, assessors of a particular project are not ordinarily involved with teaching or mentoring the student, or with any other part of that student’s project, on a day to day basis. Consequently, assessors are unaware of specific project details in advance of the assessment session and they must rely on the student to describe and defend the project and the approach taken. More specifically, the student’s supervisor does not attend the sessions at which students present their work. This approach is closer to the post-college environment in which most engineers work and therefore simulates workplace experiences for students. A review has recently been conducted to evaluate the process from the perspective of both students and staff with a view to determining whether or not this structure should be continued with. This paper documents the rationale behind the concept, the logistical challenges, and an analysis of the feedback received from both students and staff as part of the review. In addition, future plans to improve the fairness, consistency and transparency of the assessment process for such projects are outlined.
The national maternal near miss surveillance in China

Abstract To introduce the National Maternal Near Miss Surveillance System (NMNMSS) in detail and to report the composition of maternal near miss (MNM) in China. The NMNMSS was established by the National Health Commission at the end of 2010, covered over 400 health facilities from 30 provinces in China. The NMNMSS was designed to collect individual information for every pregnant woman admitted to obstetric department in the sampled health facilities. Cross tabulations and correlations were used to describe the distribution of population and sampled facilities in the NMNMSS, and to calculate the MNM mortality ratio for different complications and organ dysfunctions. The individual survey forms of 9,051,638 pregnant women were collected in the NMNMSS between 2012 and 2017. Compared with urban areas, there are very few well-quality medical resources in rural areas. Most women with pregnancy complications in rural areas can only be treated in Level 2 and lower hospitals. MNM in women with indirect obstetric complications received treatment more frequently in Level 3 hospital. The most common maternal complications in severe maternal outcomes (including maternal near miss and maternal death) are obstetrics hemorrhage (58.7%), hypertension disorder (28.0%), and severe anemia (20.6%). The overall MNM mortality ratio is 38:1. The MNM mortality ratios are lowest in amniotic fluid embolism, HIV/AIDS, heart disease, thrombophlebitis, and sepsis. For different organ dysfunctions, the ranks of the MNM mortality ratio from low to high are renal dysfunction, respiratory dysfunction, cardiovascular dysfunction, hepatic dysfunction, neurologic dysfunction, uterine dysfunction, coagulation dysfunction. The NMNMSS is a well-established hospital-based surveillance system for maternal complications in China. It can identify the maternal complications that need to improve health care immediately in China through a powerful longitudinal real-world evidence.
The Effects of Two Road Safety Advertisements on Viewers' Perceptions and Driving Intentions

Road safety public education campaigns, especially public service announcement and paid television advertising, have been widely used in many countries to raise awareness of the safety issues, influence public attitude and change driver behaviors (Beach 1966; Hutchinson et al 1969; Johnston et al 1973; Kohn 1982; Fry 1996; Ben-Ari et al 2000; Tay 2002, in press). Many of these advertisements appear to be based on the premise that threatening messages that are likely to arouse a high level of fear, for example, by showing a gruesome car crash, are effective in producing attitudinal and behavioral changes (Beach 1966; Johnston et al 1973; Ben-Ari et al 2000; Tay, 1999; Tay & Watson 2002).
Semiconductor Nanostructures for Optoelectronic Applications

Introduction. Growth of Semiconductor Nanostructures. Characterization of Semiconductor Nanostructures. Quantum Dot Lasers: Theoretical Overview. High-Speed Quantum Dot Lasers. Quantum Dot Detectors. InGaAs Quantum Dots. III-Nitride Quantum Dots. Self Assembled Ge Quantum Dots on Si for Optoelectronics. ZnO Nanostructures. Carbon Nanotubes.