Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-managed medication abortion outcomes: results from a prospective study

Background: To evaluate the feasibility of conducting a prospective study to measure self-managed medication abortion outcomes, and to collect preliminary data on safety and effectiveness of self-managed medication abortion, we recruited callers to accompaniment groups (volunteer networks that provide counselling through the out-of-clinic medication abortion process by trained counselors over the phone or in-person). Methods: In 2019, we enrolled callers to three abortion accompaniment groups in three countries into a prospective study on the safety and effectiveness of self-managed medication abortion with accompaniment support. Participants completed up to five interview-administered questionnaires from baseline through six-weeks after taking the pills. Primary outcomes included: (1) the number of participants enrolled in a 30-day period, (2) the proportion that had a complete abortion; and (3) the proportion who experienced any warning signs of potential or actual complications.Results: Over the 30-day recruitment period, we enrolled 227 participants (95% of those invited), and retained 204 participants (90%) for at least one study follow-up visit. At the one-week follow-up, two participants (1%) reported a miscarriage prior to taking the pills, and 202 participants (89% of those enrolled and 99% of those who participated in the one-week survey) had obtained and taken the medications. Three weeks after taking the medications, 192 (95%) participants reported feeling that their abortion was complete. Three (1.5%) received a surgical intervention, two (1%) received antibiotics, and five (3%) other medications. Participants did not report any major adverse events.Conclusion: These results establish the feasibility of conducting prospective studies of self-managed medication abortion in legally restrictive settings. Further, the high effectiveness of self-managed medication abortion with accompaniment support reported here is consistent with high levels of effectiveness reported in prior studies. Trial Registration: ISRCTN95769543
Faculty Equity Issues: A Case Study in Policy and Employment Insecurity

This case study examines equity issues (gender, race/ethnicity, and faculty appointment type) related to a specific policy that focuses on improving performance and ranking metrics at a public metropolitan research university. The overarching issues include the negative unintended consequences of focusing on short-term objectives at the expense of the university’s long-term mission. This article builds on a ten-year line of research regarding intentional change at large public metropolitan research universities.
Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiases Among Pre-School Age Children (12-59 Months) and WASH Condition in Mkuranga, Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

BackgroundNational efforts for STH control have hitherto been concentrated on school age children (SAC) excluding pre-school age children (PSAC). Though Preventive Chemotherapy (PC) for PSAC has been going on during deworming and vitamin A supplementation campaigns in the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) clinics since 2004, it has not been optimal because not all PSAC receive PC thus remaining vulnerable to STH infections and potential source of community transmission. This study examined the prevalence and intensity of STHs infections among PSAC and the associated water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) factors in Mkuranga district, Tanzania.MethodsA quantitative community based cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2019. Stool samples from 525 PSAC were examined for STH infections. This was complemented with a questionnaire interview of mothers/caretakers of the PSAC to obtain their socio-demographic characteristics and WASH practices. An observation check list was used to gather environmental WASH practices. Data were analyzed by statistical computer package (SPSS version 23), and summarized by descriptive statistics; proportions were compared by the Chi-square test at the significance level of 0.05. ResultsThe overall prevalence of STH infection was very low (1.3%) and was significantly associated with condition of child finger nails (P= 0.001) and place of disposal of faecal matter (P= 0.031). Latrine coverage was very high (97.3%), while disposal of children faeces was 100% hygienic. Less than a half (43.6%) of households were using improved latrines. Majority (95%) of households had access to improved water sources; however, only few (5.3%) treated drinking water. Very few (1.3%) households owned hand washing facilities, conceivably leading to a low practice of hand washing with soap at food preparation (12.8%), child feeding (13%), after defecation (34.1%) and after handling children faeces (23%). Nail trimming habit was very good as a large majority (83.8%) of caretakers and corresponding children (87.2%) had their finger nails trimmed at time of survey.Conclusion PSAC are a reservoir of STHs infections, which coupled with the prevalent risk factors of transmission, form a potential source of continuity of transmission in the community, hence the need for a national deworming program extending to PSAC*Corresponding author: Address: P. O. BOX 2329, Dar es Salaam, email: ummybadia@gmail.com;
Acute Cardiorespiratory and Kinematic Adjustments upon early exposure to Barefoot Running

Running barefoot has gained much attention in recent years. Little research has explored the transitioning phase for those accustomed to shod running. Therefore, this study was designed to characterize oxygen uptake (VO 2 ) and kinematic adjustments during initial exposure to barefoot running and whether the adjustments persist at the onset of a second trial a minimum of 48 hours later. Eleven, moderately active subjects (male = 7; female = 4) naive to barefoot running completed two, 11-minute barefoot running trials on a treadmill (5 mph). Expired gases (min 0-3 and 9-11) were analyzed for determination of running economy, respiratory exchange ratio, ventilation, and oxygen consumption. Cinematography evaluated stride frequency and length, along with joint angles and striking pattern to assess kinematic adjustments over the two trials. The group mean difference between initial VO 2 in Trial 1 to final assessment in Trial 2 revealed a 6.8% decrease in oxygen cost (P 0.05). A subset of subjects who were analyzed kinematically revealed a great deal of variation in gait pattern adjustments. While acclimating to barefoot running, individuals may improve their economy by altering gait pattern as evidenced by changes in ankle angles among selected subjects. These changes may reflect the transition from a rearfoot strike to a forefoot strike pattern, contributing to improved running economy.
Microwave miniaturization concept for narrow band rectangular patch antenna structures

A quantitative concept of miniaturization of a narrow-band rectangular patch antenna by using a metamaterial sub- strate with a large value in the real part of the effective permittivity instead of a conventional homogenous high dielectric material is proposed in the microwave frequency range. The volume of the antenna is minimized by tuning the relative permit- tivity and thickness of the substrate material. The specific type of composite that can be used as substrate material and result in antenna miniaturization is suggested. Possible applications of the concept are discussed.
Large eddy simulation of supersonic combustion with application to scramjet engines

This work evaluates the capabilities of the RANS and LES techniques for the simulation of high speed reacting flows. These methods are used to gain further insight into the physics encountered and regimes present in supersonic combustion. The target application of this research is the scramjet engine, a propulsion system of great promise for efficient hypersonic flight. In order to conduct this work a new highly parallelised code, PULSAR, is developed. PULSAR is capable of simulating complex chemistry combustion in highly compressible flows, based on a second order upwind method to provide a monotonic solution in the presence of high gradient physics. Through the simulation of a non-reacting supersonic coaxial helium jet the RANS method is shown to be sensitive to constants involved in the modelling process. The LES technique is more computationally demanding but is shown to be much less sensitive to these model parameters. Nevertheless, LES results are shown to be sensitive to the nature of turbulence at the inflow; however this information can be experimentally obtained. The SCHOLAR test case is used to validate the reacting aspects of PULSAR. Comparing RANS results from laminar chemistry and assumed PDF combustion model simulations, the influence of turbulence-chemistry interactions in supersonic combustion is shown to be small. In the presence of reactions, the RANS results are sensitive to inflow turbulence, due to its influence on mixing. From complex chemistry simulations the combustion behaviour is evaluated to sit between the flamelet and distributed reaction regimes. LES results allow an evaluation of the physics involved, with a pair of coherent vortices identified as the dominant influence on mixing for the oblique wall fuel injection method. It is shown that inflow turbulence has a significant impact on the behaviour of these vortices and hence it is vital for turbulence intensities and length scales to be measured by experimentalists, in order for accurate simulations to be possible.
Improved Abdomen Hypodermic Embedding for Salvage of the Amputated Fingertip from Tip to Lunula (Tamai Zone (cid:0) )

Background To explore the clinical e�cacy of a new surgical approach called improved abdomen hypodermic embedding for salvage of the amputated �ngertip from tip to lunula (Tamai zone (cid:0) ). Methods From September 2015 to June 2017, we treated 18 �ngertips from 15 patients with abdomen hypodermic embedding while all the �ngertips were completely amputated and failed to vascular anastomose. After 3 weeks, all the �ngertips were taken out from abdomen. After 6 months, outcomes were evaluated with DASH score and static two-point �nger discrimination. Results 16 �ngertips survived completely, 2 �ngertips developed partial loss and scar healed by dressing change. All patients were satis�ed with the appearance of the �ngertips while one woman was not satis�ed for ischemic atrophy. The DASH score ranged from 35-46 (average 38), static two-point discrimination was 6--14mm (average 8mm). Conclusions When improved
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Background: It is important to identify the risks that may cause skin cancer development in adolescents and the factors affecting sun protection behaviors. Objectives: This study was carried out in a descriptive and cross-sectional design to determine the effect of high school students’ self-efficacy and perceptions for sun protection on their sun protection behaviors. Methods: The study was conducted from February to April 2019 with 846 students from two high schools in Turkey. The data of the study were collected using a personal information form, the Sun Protection Behavior Scale (SPBS), the Decisional Balance Scale (DBS) for Sun Protection, and the Self-Efficacy Scale for Sun Protection (SES). The data were analyzed through SPSS and AMOS software packages using Pearson’s correlation analysis, the linear regression analysis, and the structural equation model. Results: In the multiple regression analysis, a model was created according to the relationship between the variables. In the model, high school students’ self-efficacy and perceptions for sun protection explained 33.6% of their sun protection behaviors. It was found that all the factors except for DBS cons perception (p> .05) had a statistically significant effect on students’ sun protection behavior. According to the structural equation model, the fit indices of the model were found to be greater than . 91. Conclusion: As adolescents’ self-efficacy levels and perceptions of the pros and cons increase, their likelihood of exhibiting sun protection behaviors increases as well. In adolescent training, it is important to design and disseminate educational programs consisting of interventions that will increase adolescents’ self-efficacy and perceptions of decision-making.
Procedure and Patient-Related Risk Factors for Post-ERCP Pancreatitis Associated with Prophylactic Pancreatic Stent and Rectal Indomethacin

Background: Pancreatitis is one of the most crucial complications following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The purpose of the current study was to investigate a potential procedure and patient-related risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) in two groups: prophylactic pancreatic stent and rectal indomethacin.Methods: Two different prophylactic modalities were planned and complications were assessed based on defined inclusion criteria. In this study, the patients were evaluated for the procedure and patient-related risk factors in post-ERCP pancreatitis in the recipient groups of the prophylactic pancreatic stent or rectal indomethacin.Results: Pancreatitis was confirmed in 27 of all 175 selected patients after ERCP. By univariate analysis, two variables were significant with the development of PEP. Regarding the patient-related risk factors, unique subjects with common bile duct(CBD) dilated 10mm were more exposed to an increased chance of PEP (p=0. 015); meanwhile, other factors didn’t correlate with the increased possibility of PEP in both groups. The only procedure-related risk factor for PEP was deep cannulation of the pancreatic duct in both groups during the procedure with an incremental significant incidence of pancreatitis (p=0.005). Prophylactic pancreatic stent and rectal indomethacin showed no effects on reducing post ERCP pancreatitis. Additionally, there was no significant difference between these two strategies in the rate of PEP.Conclusion: Prophylactic pancreatic duct stents and administration of rectal indomethacin cannot have particular methods for reducing the occurrence of PEP. The increase in time of deep cannulation and the presence of CBD dilation <10mm could be considered as important risk factors.
Experimental verification of the model of electrohydraulic drive for internal combustion engine valves

The paper presents experimental electrohydraulic valve drive for internal combustion engine. The design is a single-acting hydraulic actuator with spring return controlled by servovalve. Such solution should give free control of valve lift, valve open and valve close time. In the article the principles of the operation of the drive are described. The paper focuses on exploring the dynamic of experimental electrohydraulic engine valve actuation system working in open-loop. For investigations the mathematical and simulation models were elaborated. The values of unknown coefficients of the models were intercepted on two test stands. First of them served to servovalve research. Second was built on the basis of the prototype drive and let on the research of the dynamics of the all drive. Chosen results of these investigations are placed in the article. The drive was explored for different oil supply pressures, control signals and spring mounting lifts. Experimental dates let to verified dynamic mathematical model. Comparisons of valve lift proceedings obtained from experiments and simulations are presented in the article. Verified model let to execute the analysis of the features of such drive and point necessary modifications for the correct realization of the process of the gas exchange in internal combustion engine.
Simulation strategies for complex turbulent flows

Computational fluid dynamics in conjunction with the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes approach is nowadays routinely employed in a large variety of engineering and industrial applications despite some well-known reliability issues in more complex flows. In this study, the performance of a state-of-the-art Explicit-Algebraic-Stress Model (EASM) and a promising elliptic-blending approach is assessed on a range of test cases to predict complex turbulent flows. In an attempt to improve the quality of the predictions, near-wall-anisotropy modifications are introduced to the EASM, which provide better predictions for the Reynolds-stress and anisotropy tensor close to solid walls. In addition, a novel elliptic-blending RANS model is presented, which is based on the inverse turbulence time scale w, and which is equipped with a non-linear constitutive stress-strain relationship. The coefficients of the non-linear stress-strain relationship are obtained from the explicit solution of a Second-Moment Closure in the limit of weak equilibrium, and by imposing an internal consistency constraint and near-wall-anisotropy modifications, such that the highly anisotropic state of turbulence and the limiting two-component state is correctly reproduced at solid boundaries. The performance of the modified EASM and the novel elliptic-blending model are illustrated and assessed for a range of complex turbulent flows. It is expected that, due to ever increasing computational resources, unified or hybrid RANS/LES approaches will slowly penetrate into engineering applications where improved accuracy and reliability is needed. For this reason, a unified RANS/LES/DNS framework is presented, which is expected to provide the required amount of turbulence modelling for any mesh resolution and seamlessly operates between RANS and DNS mode. This is achieved by a revised Flow Simulation Methodology where the turbulence modelling contribution of a RANS model is rescaled using a damping function. The Flow Simulation Methodology is operating in conjunction with a newly developed damping function and a tailored convection discretisation scheme. In addition, a thorough calibration study is performed, which ensures proper turbulence resolving capabilities. It is conjectured that a sophisticated RANS model will also improve the overall quality of the predictions of any hybrid RANS/LES model. For this reason, the new elliptic-blending RANS model is incorporated, together with two successively simpler turbulence models, into the unified RANS/LES/DNS framework and the performance are assessed on a range of test cases, and compared to other widely used hybrid RANS/LES methods.
Preparering av kabelände inför statorlindning

At Uppsala university scientists have during the last years developed and built wave energy converters. This project is called "Lysekilsprojektet". The development has come so far that they are currently investigating how to gain profit in a mass production. For that reason they want to automate as many steps in the production as possible.The winding of the stator is one part that is being automated using industry robots. The stator is cable wound unlike many other generators. The stator consists of many thin stator sheets that have been stacked. These stator sheets have cable slots where the cables pass through. This can lead to the cable getting stuck during winding. To avoid this the shape of the cable end has to be changed. This report investigates methods to automate the process of preparing the cable end.Experiments show how the cable insulation acts when heated and cooled. Different methods are tested to see how the insulation can be pulled out and reshaped. The methods presented have showed good results and are worth to continue to develop. The results have achieved the set requirements. The project leader has shown interest to build the presented concept tools. This report also shows that it is possible to save three hours and 40 minutes per complete stator winding by using a separate robot to carry out the preparation instead of the winding robots. This could reduce about 20 % of the total winding cycle. If this preparation were to be carried out manually it would take about five hours and ten minutes for each stator.
Tall Poppy Syndrome and its effect on work performance

The aim of this study was to find out whether employees would perform worse if they perceived their work colleagues to have negative attitudes towards tall poppies (colleagues favoured the fall of tall poppies rather than rewarding tall poppies), thus displaying typical tall poppy syndrome perceptions. Performance measures were: decision-making vigilance, decision-making dependence, decision-making avoidance, problem solving, creativity, service quality, and the personality construct need for affiliation. Control variables were age, tenure and need for achievement. The design of the study was cross-sectional, online surveys were used to collect the data. The link to the survey was distributed using LinkedIn groups and Facebook advertising, yielding a sample of 229 participants. The data was analysed using regression; the results confirmed 3 of the 7 hypotheses. The results indicated that employees working in an environment that favoured the fall of tall poppies, showed lower decisionmaking dependability and higher decision-making avoidance. Internal service quality was partially confirmed, it was negatively associated with participants working in an environment that favoured the fall of tall poppies, rather than reward; Theories about the contribution New Zealand’s history has made to the development of tall poppy syndrome are considered. Practical implications of the results are discussed. Directions for future studies in industrial and organizational psychology on the effects of tall poppy syndrome on work performance are discussed.
Combined Paper-Based Substrates for Electrochemical Detection of Copper Ions in Serum

The electroanalytical field has exploited great advantages in using paper-based substrates, even if the word “paper” might be general. In fact, the mainly adopted paper-based substrates are often chromatographic and office ones. They are characterized by main features (and drawbacks): chromatographic paper is well-established for storing reagents/treating samples but the sensitivity compared to traditional screen-printed is lower (due to porosity), while office paper represents a sustainable alternative to plastic (with similar sensitivity) but its porosity is not enough to load reagents. To overcome the limitations that might arise due to the adoption of a type of individual paper-based substrate, herein we describe for the first time, the development of a 2D merged paper-based devices for electrochemical copper ions detection in serum. In this work we report a novel configuration to produce an integrated all-in-one electrochemical device, in which no additional working media has to be added by the end user and the sensitivity can be tuned by rapid pre-concentration on porous paper, with the advantage of making the platform adaptable to real matrix scenario. The novel architecture has been obtained by combining office paper to screen-print a sustainable and robust electrochemical strip, the printed electrochemical strips and chromatographic one to 1) store the reagents, 2) collect real sample and 3) pre-concentrate the analyte of interest. The novel sensing platform has allowed to obtain a detection limit for copper ions down to 5 ppb in all the solutions that have been interrogated, namely standard solution and serum, and a repeatability of ca. 10% has been obtained.