Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Galaxy clustering as a function of surface brightness

Using diameters and magnitudes of galaxies listed in the Nilson catalog, we examine the angular correlation properties of high- and low-surface brightness galaxies. The low-surface brightness galaxies are less tightly clumped than the higher surface brightness galaxies; they also fill in some conspicuous holes in the distribution of the high-surface brightness galaxies. The angular correlations are weaker and shallower for the low-surface brightness galaxies; when account is taken for the differing redshift distribution of the subsets, we find the spatial clustering length scale to be a factor of two smaller than for the high-surface brightness galaxies. This finding demonstrates that galaxy formation must have been dependent on the large-scale clustering environment and suggests that the luminous galaxy distribution may not be a fair tracer of the mass distribution on any scale. Although the effect is apparent from the sky-projected angular correlations, the relative amplitudes of the spatial clustering must be regarded as preliminary because they are derived from an incom-plete and possibly biased redshift sample.
Engaging With the Category: Exploring Family Business Longevity From a Historical Perspective

Longevity is at the core of what makes family businesses special. Unlike most attempts to explain longevity that have focused primarily on the factors within a family business that lead to longevity or the factors outside of an organization’s environment, we adopt a business-history perspective that enables us to show how the interplay between the organization and its environment can help to explain family business longevity. Building on the category literature, we trace the interaction of a small Swedish fourth-generation high-quality furniture manufacturer with its category over a period of more than 120 years. We identify the internal mechanisms driving family business longevity, the external mechanisms driving category development as well as the mechanisms underlying their interaction. Specifically, we provide new insights into how agency exercised by the family business contributes to the shaping of the category they are a member of, thereby nurturing their business longevity.
Combating ozone stress through N fertilization: A case study of Indian bean (Dolichos lablab L.)

The present study investigates the efficiency of nitrogen (N) amendments in the management of ozone (O3) stress in two varieties (Kashi Sheetal and Kashi Harittima) of Indian bean (Dolichos lablab L.). Two O3 concentrations, ambient (44.9 ppb) and elevated (74.64 ppb) were used, and each O3 concentration has 3 nitrogen (N) dose treatments viz recommended (N1), 1.5 times recommended (N2), 2 times recommended (N3) and no nitrogen, which served as control (C). The experiment concluded Kashi Sheetal as O3 tolerant, as compared to Kashi Harittima. N amendments were effective in the partial amelioration of O3 stress, with N2 being the most effective nitrogen dose, at both ambient and elevated O3 concentrations. Kashi Sheetal has been determined to be O3 tolerant due to greater endogenous levels of H2O2 accumulation and enzymatic antioxidant contents with O3 exposure. The O3-sensitive variety, Kashi Harittima, responded more positively to N treatments, at both O3 concentrations. The positive effect of N amendments is attributed to the stimulated antioxidative enzyme activity, rather than the biophysical processes like stomatal conductance. Strengthened defense upon N amendments was attributed to the enhanced activities of APX and GR in Kashi Sheetal, while in Kashi Harittima, the two enzymes (APX and GR) were coupled by SOD and CAT as well, during the reproductive phase. Yield (weight of seeds plant-1) increments upon N (N2) amendments were higher in Kashi Harittima (O3 sensitive), as compared to Kashi Sheetal (O3 tolerant) at both ambient and elevated O3 concentration, due to higher antioxidant enzymatic response and greater rate of photosynthesis in the former.
Design, prototypes, and performances of an image slicer system for integral field spectroscopy

A research and development activity on an Image Slicer System for Integral Field Spectroscopy is conducted with possible applications on future instrumentation for major ground-based (VLT second-generation instruments) and space (NGST, SNAP) observatories. These instruments need high-photometric accuracy, compactness and will possibly work under cryogenic environment, while multi-integral field units may require mass production. Several prototypes have been manufactured since March 2000. This paper provides an overview of the difficulties and limits of the design for different applications, and will describe technology developments and performance evaluation. In particular, the assembly of Zerodur micro-optical elements required an original method of assembly using high precision molecular adhesion, in order to comply with optical tolerances. Following the exact characteristics of the optical elements, diffraction and straylight analyses have been performed in the NIR range. It was found that diffraction effects due to the image slicer induce energy losses less than a few percents and do not induce any crosstalk between pseudo-slits. With a good baffling, scatter can be controlled to minimize the background increase to less than 10-4 times the incident flux.
New Insights into the Large 1992 July 15-17 Flare on AU Microscopii: The First Detection of Posteruptive Energy Release on a Red Dwarf Star

Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) observations of the long-duration 1992 July 15-17 flaring event on the red dwarf star AU Mic are discussed. The flare was detected in the EUVE Deep Survey (DS) Lexan/B band (65-190 Å) and was made up of a large impulsive event corresponding to an increase in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission by a factor of 15 relative to quiescence, followed by a slow exponential decay interspersed with another smaller impulsive event and further decay. As observed in the EUV, the flare lasted for more than half a day. A similar exponential decay of the flux in the Fe XVIII λ93. 9 line was detected in the EUVE short wavelength (SW) spectrometer following the first powerful impulsive phase. The flare decay in the 65-190 Å band and in the Fe XVIII line during this prolonged event lasted a factor of 10 or more longer than would have been the case had the plasma cooling been due only to radiative losses at typical flare plasma densities. An analysis of the simultaneous DS Lexan/B data and the Fe XVIII line flux has allowed us to determine the approximate temporal behavior of the flaring plasma temperature (d log T/dt ≈ -0.5 day-1) and of the emission measure of the EUV source. The total energy emitted in the 1-2000 Å range during the first 12 hours or so of the flaring event was 3 × 1035 ergs. Solar analogs of processes providing similar long-duration soft X-ray radiation are discussed: (1) a coronal mass ejection (CME); (2) a system of giant postflare arches, which can form in powerful solar flares after a CME; (3) typical soft X-ray flaring loops. A general expression describing the energy balance in the EUV source is derived for both CMEs and giant arch systems. As a result, we conclude that the long-duration EUV emission in the AU Mic flare most resembles the solar scenario of emission from a system of giant coronal arches forming after a CME. Such a system on AU Mic would have a size of 1-2 stellar radii and would be energized by reconnection in a vertical current sheet. In this picture, a substantial part of the radiative loss is compensated for by additional postflare energy input, in a similar way as is thought to take place in the posteruptive phases of the most powerful solar flares. Apparently, we are faced here with a new kind of surface activity on late-type stars, which is intermediate between impulsive flares on red dwarf stars and the long-duration, powerful events seen on subgiant components of the RS CVn binaries.
Abundance Gradient in the Disk of NGC 300

Abstract The structure of the outer parts of galactic disks and the nature of their stellar populations are fundamental to our understanding of the formation and evolution of spiral galaxies. Ages and metallicity distributions of stars in the outermost regions of spiral disks provide important clues on how and when the disks are assembled. In our earlier work we trace the extended stellar disk of NGC 300 out to a radius of at least 10 disk scale lengths, with no sign of truncation. We now revisit the outer disk of NGC 300 in order to derive the metallicity distribution of the faint stellar population in its outskirts. We find that predominantly old stellar population in the outer disk exhibits a negative abundance gradient – as predicted by the chemical evolution models – out to about 10 kpc, followed by the metallicity plateau in the outermost disk.
Feedback from AGN: The Kinetic/Radio Luminosity Function

We have measured the probability distribution function of the ratio RX = log L1.4/LX, where L1.4/LX = ν Lν(1.4 GHz)/LX(2–10 keV), between the 1.4 GHz and the unabsorbed 2–10 keV luminosities and its dependence on LX and z. We have used a complete sample of ~1800 hard X-ray selected AGN, observed in the 1.4 GHz band, cross-correlated in order to exclude FR II-type objects, and thus obtain a contemporaneous measure of the radio and X-ray emission. The distribution P(RX|LX,z) is shown in Figure 1. Convolution of the distribution P(RX|LX,z) with the 2–10 keV X-ray AGN luminosity function from La Franca et al. (2005) and the relations between radio power and kinetic energy from Best et al. (2006) and Willott et al. (1999) allows us to derive the AGN kinetic power and its evolution. As shown in Figure 1, our results are in good agreement with the predictions of the most recent models of galaxy formation and evolution (e.g., Croton et al. 2006), where AGN radio feedback is required to quench the star formation.
CLOUDY 90: Numerical Simulation of Plasmas and Their Spectra

CLOUDY is a large‐scale spectral synthesis code designed to simulate fully physical conditions within an astronomical plasma and then predict the emitted spectrum. Here we describe version 90 (C90) of the code, paying particular attention to changes in the atomic database and numerical methods that have affected predictions since the last publicly available version, C84. The computational methods and uncertainties are outlined together with the direction future development will take. The code is freely available and is widely used in the analysis and interpretation of emission‐line spectra. Web access to the Fortran source for CLOUDY, its documentation Hazy, and an independent electronic form of the atomic database is also described.
Role of Altered Metabolism of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Particles in the Development of Vascular Dysfunction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Background: Impaired lipid metabolism contributes to accelerated inflammatory responses in addition to promoting the formation of atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We aimed to evaluate the lipid profile, inflammatory markers, and vascular diagnostic tests in active SLE patients to clarify the association between dyslipidemia and early vascular damage. Patients and Methods: 51 clinically active SLE patients and 41 age- and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled in the study. Lipoprotein subfractions were detected by Lipoprint. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and common carotid intima-media thickness were detected by ultrasonography. Arterial stiffness indicated by augmentation index (Aix) and pulse wave velocity was measured by arteriography. Results: We found significantly higher Aix, higher VLDL ratio, plasma triglyceride, ApoB100, and small HDL, as well as lower HDL-C, large HDL, and ApoA1 in patients with SLE. There was a significant positive correlation of Aix with triglyceride, VLDL, IDL-C, IDL-B, and LDL1. A backward stepwise multiple regression analysis showed IDL-C subfraction to be the best predictor of Aix. Conclusions: Our results indicate that in young patients with SLE, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins influence vascular function detected by Aix. These parameters may be assessed and integrated into the management plan for screening cardiovascular risk in patients with SLE.
Association of arterial stiffness with a prothrombotic state in uncomplicated nondiabetic hypertensive patients

Background and aims Past studies reported a significant contribution of a prothrombotic state to the development and progression of target organ damage in hypertensive patients. Stiffening of arterial vessels is associated with aging and hypertension, and additional factors could contribute to this process. This study was designed to examine the relationships between arterial stiffening and the hemostatic and fibrinolytic system. Methods In 128 middle-aged, nondiabetic, essential hypertensive patients without major cardiovascular and renal complications, we measured coagulation markers that express the spontaneous activation of the hemostatic and fibrinolytic system and assessed stiffness of the arterial tree by measurement of the carotid/femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and pulse wave analysis with calculation of the brachial augmentation index (AIx). Results Levels of fibrinogen (FBG), D-dimer (D-d), and plasminogen activator-inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) were significantly higher in patients with PWV and AIx above the median of the distribution. FBG, D-d, and PAI-1 were significantly and directly related with both cfPWV and AIx, and multivariate regression analysis indicated that the relationships of D-d and PAI-1 with both cfPWV and AIx and of FBG with AIx, were independent of age, body mass index, severity and duration of hypertension, use of antihypertensive drugs, blood glucose, and plasma lipids. Conclusion In middle-aged, uncomplicated, nondiabetic patients with essential hypertension, spontaneous activation of plasma hemostatic cascade and impaired fibrinolysis is significantly and independently associated with stiffening of the arterial tree.
The influence of meteorological conditions and atmospheric circulation types on PM10 and visibility in Tel Aviv

Abstract A 3-yr dataset (February 2000–November 2002) of 30-min averages for particulates, visibility, and meteorological data were analyzed to examine the dependence of particulate matter of less than 10 μm in diameter (PM10) mass concentrations and visibility in Tel Aviv, Israel, on seasonal meteorological conditions, synoptic weather patterns, and airmass history. The persistent nature of the summer synoptic weather pattern in the east Mediterranean (EM) region yielded the highest mean visibility (35 km) and lowest variability in PM10 concentrations, as compared with the higher variance for the other seasons, and spring in particular. The frequent passage of the “Sharav” cyclones during spring causes natural dust outbreaks with extreme values that result in a much higher PM10 annual mean (57 μg m−3) as compared with other larger cities. The history of the air mass dictating the physical and chemical properties of the particulate matter reaching Israel was assessed by back-trajectory analysis from prede.
Some Nonparametric Methods for Changepoint Problems

A general model for changepoint problems is discussed from a nonparametric viewpoint. The test statistics introduced are based on Cramer-von Mises functionals of certain processes and are shown to converge in distribution to corresponding Gaussian functionals (under the assumption of no change in distribution, H0). We also demonstrate how the distribution of the limiting Gaussian functionals may be tabulated. Finally, properties of the tests under the alternative hypothesis of exactly one changepoint occurring are studied, and some examples are given. Cet article examine d'un point de vue non-parametrique un modele general pour les problemes d'identification du moment de changement de loi. Les functions des observations a tester sont fondees sur des fonctionnels de type Cramer-von Mises de certains precedes et il est demontre que ces functions des observations convergent en distribution vers les fonctionnels de Gauss correspondants (sous l'hypothese d'aucun changement en distribution, H0). Nous demontrons egalement comment tabuler la distribution des fonctionnels limites de Gauss. Enfin, nous etudions des proprietes des tests sous l'hypothese alternative d'exactement un moment de changement de loi et donnons quelques exemples.
The relationship between knowledge and disaster preparedness of undergraduates responding to forest fires

Forest and land fires are disasters that regularly occur on the island of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Higher education students on the island of Kalimantan are considered vulnerable to these disasters, hence the need for mandatory disaster knowledge and preparedness for every individual in the area. This research aimed to: (1) determine disaster knowledge and student preparedness in dealing with forest and land fire disasters, (2) determine the relationship between knowledge and student preparedness. This study used a quantitative correlation method with a questionnaire. The data were processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 21. The research sample used purposive sampling because it followed the needs of the study, which involved 300 students affected by forest fires, representing three universities located in a forest fire–prone area in West Kalimantan province, Indonesia. Each campus has 100 students, a total of 300 students. The results showed as many as 284 students had experienced forest and land fire disasters. In addition, 202 out of 284 students were known to have low disaster knowledge. Four main parameters of disaster preparedness were used to measure student preparedness, namely (1) knowledge and attitudes, (2) emergency response plans, (3) disaster warning system and (4) resource mobilisation. The number of students with high preparedness was 141, while 143 had low preparedness. Thus, student preparedness measures need to be increased to avoid disaster impact. Contribution Based on the data analysis, students’ knowledge and preparedness to face forest fires are positively related. It was shown that the higher the learning of students, the higher their readiness and vice versa. It is suggested that there is a need for increasing knowledge and preparedness actions for students in dealing with forest fire disasters through regular disaster lectures, simulations and training so that they can make the right decisions in coping with disasters.
Thermo-Acoustic Properties of a Burner with Axial Temperature Gradient: Theory and Experiment

This paper presents a model for thermo-acoustic effects in a gas turbine combustor. A quarter-wavelength burner with rectangular cross-section has been built and studied from an experimental and theoretical perspective. It has a premixed methane-air flame, which is held by a bluff body, and spans the width of the burner. The flame is compact, i.e. its length is much smaller than that of the burner. The fundamental mode of the burner is unstable; its frequency and pressure distribution have been measured. The complex pressure reflection coefficients at the upstream and downstream end of the burner were also measured. For the theoretical considerations, we divide the burner into three regions (the cold pre-combustion chamber, the flame region and the hot outlet region), and assume one-dimensional acoustic wave propagation in each region. The acoustic pressure and velocity are assumed continuous across the interface between the precombustion chamber and flame region, and across the interface between the flame region and outlet region. The burner ends are modelled by the measured pressure reflection coefficients. The mean temperature is assumed to have the following profile: uniformly cold and uniformly hot in the pre-combustion chamber and outlet region, respectively, and rising continuously from cold to hot in the flame region. For comparison, a discontinuous temperature profile, jumping directly from cold to hot, is also considered. The eigenfrequencies are calculated, and the pressure distribution of the fundamental mode is predicted. There is excellent agreement with the experimental results. The exact profile of the mean temperature in the flame region is found to be unimportant. This study gives us an experimentally validated Green's function, which is a very useful tool for further theoretical studies.
Health Psychology Services for People in Disadvantaged Regions of Hungary: Experiences from the Primary Health Care Development Model Program

Background: The importance of community health psychology in providing complex bio-psycho-social care is well documented. We present a mixed-method outcome-monitoring study of health psychology services in the public-health-focused Primary Health Care Development Model Program (2012–2017) in four disadvantaged micro-regions in northeast Hungary. Methods: Study 1 assessed the availability of the services using a sample of 17,003 respondents. Study 2 applied a follow-up design to measure the mental health outcomes of the health psychology services on a sample of 132 clients. In Study 3, we conducted focus-group interviews to assess clients’ lived experiences. Results: More mental health issues and higher education predicted a higher probability of service use. Follow-up showed that individual and group-based psychological interventions resulted in less depression and (marginally) higher well-being. Thematic analysis of the focus-group interviews indicated that participants deemed topics such as psychoeducation, greater acceptance of psychological support, and heightened awareness of individual and community support important. Conclusions: The results of the monitoring study demonstrate the important role health psychology services can play in primary healthcare in disadvantaged regions in Hungary. Community health psychology can improve well-being, reduce inequality, raise the population’s health awareness, and address unmet social needs in disadvantaged regions.