Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Insights Into the Relationships Within Subtribe Scorzonerinae (Cichorieae, Asteraceae) Using Hybrid Capture Phylogenomics (Hyb-Seq)

Subtribe Scorzonerinae (Cichorieae, Asteraceae) contains 12 main lineages and approximately 300 species. Relationships within the subtribe, either at inter- or intrageneric levels, were largely unresolved in phylogenetic studies to date, due to the lack of phylogenetic signal provided by traditional Sanger sequencing markers. In this study, we employed a phylogenomics approach (Hyb-Seq) that targets 1,061 nuclear-conserved ortholog loci designed for Asteraceae and obtained chloroplast coding regions as a by-product of off-target reads. Our objectives were to evaluate the potential of the Hyb-Seq approach in resolving the phylogenetic relationships across the subtribe at deep and shallow nodes, investigate the relationships of major lineages at inter- and intrageneric levels, and examine the impact of the different datasets and approaches on the robustness of phylogenetic inferences. We analyzed three nuclear datasets: exon only, excluding all potentially paralogous loci; exon only, including loci that were only potentially paralogous in 1–3 samples; exon plus intron regions (supercontigs); and the plastome CDS region. Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed using both multispecies coalescent and concatenation (Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses) approaches. Overall, our phylogenetic reconstructions recovered the same monophyletic major lineages found in previous studies and were successful in fully resolving the backbone phylogeny of the subtribe, while the internal resolution of the lineages was comparatively poor. The backbone topologies were largely congruent among all inferences, but some incongruent relationships were recovered between nuclear and plastome datasets, which are discussed and assumed to represent cases of cytonuclear discordance. Considering the newly resolved phylogenies, a new infrageneric classification of Scorzonera in its revised circumscription is proposed.
Diagnosis of Brain Tumor Using Light Weight Deep Learning Model with Fine-Tuning Approach

Brain cancer is a rare and deadly disease with a slim chance of survival. One of the most important tasks for neurologists and radiologists is to detect brain tumors early. Recent claims have been made that computer-aided diagnosis-based systems can diagnose brain tumors by employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a supporting technology. We propose transfer learning approaches for a deep learning model to detect malignant tumors, such as glioblastoma, using MRI scans in this study. This paper presents a deep learning-based approach for brain tumor identification and classification using the state-of-the-art object detection framework YOLO (You Only Look Once). The YOLOv5 is a novel object detection deep learning technique that requires limited computational architecture than its competing models. The study used the Brats 2021 dataset from the RSNA-MICCAI brain tumor radio genomic classification. The dataset has images annotated from RSNA-MICCAI brain tumor radio genomic competition dataset using the make sense an AI online tool for labeling dataset. The preprocessed data is then divided into testing and training for the model. The YOLOv5 model provides a precision of 88 percent. Finally, our model is tested across the whole dataset, and it is concluded that it is able to detect brain tumors successfully.
Evaluation of conservative breast surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women, and it is also the main cause of cancer mortality in women. Through the usage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical therapy for breast tumor has progressed from highly radical, debilitating operations to less invasive techniques. Aim of the work: To find out if conservative breast surgery is feasible and has a good oncologic result in females who had breast cancer who were downstaged via neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients and methods: This non-randomized prospective study will include twenty (20) women suffering from cancer who will undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy in order to reduce the cancer's stage and render it suitable for preservation, management, and treatment at Al-Hussein and Bab-elshaaria Hospitals. Results: Women having breast cancer have a significant difference in tumor size before and after chemotherapy. All of them had free margins after conservative breast surgery with an intraoperative frozen portion, and the aesthetic result was satisfactory. Following six months of follow-up, there was no local recurrence. Conclusion: It was discovered in this research that neoadjuvant chemotherapy is efficient and useful in downstaging the tumor size as well as axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer women. Also, good results were obtained regarding the local recurrence throughout the short time of this research.
Early Bedside Predictors of Cardiac Involvement in COVID-19

Background: COVID-19 could lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome leading to myocardial injury. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 progression severity can be predicted by cardiac signs. Biomarkers can be used for early detection of cardiac injury and damage and prediction of severe prognosis ultimately. Echocardiography is used for therapeutic management and diagnostic procedures for COVID-19 patients. Detection of subtle cardiac damage early allows for providing efficient treatment. Objective: The aim of the current study was to predict early cardiac involvement in COVID-19 depending on different laboratory and echocardiographic parameters. Patients and methods: This prospective analytical observational study included a total of 100 patients diagnosed as positive COVID-19, depending on polymerase chain reaction „PCR‟ of nasopharyngeal swabs. Patients underwent full echocardiographic assessment, electrocardiogram (ECG) and laboratory investigations just upon admission. Further grouping of patients according to clinical deterioration was done to detect the prognostic value of investigations. Results: Group I of clinically deteriorated patients had more lymphopenia (mean ±SD: 954.2± 6.5x10 9 /l), higher neutrophils-lymphocytic ratio (mean ±SD: 3.9± 0.2), less TAPSE (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion) (mean ±SD: 14.85 ± 3.29mm) and more basal RV (right ventricle) diameter (mean ±SD: 39.93 ± 3.08 mm) in comparison with clinically stable patients. Deterioration of TAPSE (p value = 0.017) & basal RV diameter (p value = 0.044) were found to have significant relation with grading of respiratory failure using PO2/FiO2 ratio which had significant positive correlation with RV diameter (p value= <0.001 and r= 0.357). Conclusions: TAPSE & basal RV diameter can early predict cardiac involvement in COVID 19 disease and have the prognostic ability to predict the degree of respiratory failure in deteriorated patients.
A temporal refuge from predation can change the outcome of prey species competition

Generalist predators whose primary prey undergoes cyclic fluctuations, will predate on alternate food sources when the abundance of their primary prey is low. In this paper we have developed a general model of a predator that switches predation between its primary prey and two alternative, competing, prey species. When the predators primary prey is at high abundance, predation of the alternate, competing, prey species is low, which provides periods of temporal refuge for the alternate prey from predation. When the inter-specific interactions between the competing prey species lead to different dynamical outcomes in the presence and absence of predation, increasing the duration of the temporal refuge promotes dominance of a competitively superior species that is vulnerable to predation. The general theoretical framework was extended to consider a key case study system of pine marten predation on red and grey squirrels. In the absence of predation, grey squirrels out-compete red squirrels but preferential predation by pine marten on grey squirrels can suppress grey squirrel density and allow red squirrel recovery. A temporal refuge for both squirrel species can arise due to prey switching by pine marten in years when field voles, their primary prey in the UK, are abundant. The duration of the temporal refuge, quantified as the relative length of the multi-annual vole population cycle where vole density is above a population threshold, is a critical factor determining the persistence of red and grey squirrels. Our findings therefore provide insights for the conservation of the endangered red squirrel in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and more generally on the influence of the population dynamics of primary prey species in determining community composition.
Emotion visualization system based on physiological signals combined with the picture and scene

In this paper, the system of emotion visualization and the system of emotion recognition and judgment are established. Twenty subjects were selected for the test on the above two systems, meanwhile the emotional trend changes given by emotion judgment system based on the set of optimal signal feature and based on conventional machine learning-based method are compared. The results show that the emotional trend changes given by emotion visualization based on picture and scene change are roughly consistent with those obtained by emotion judgment system. As to the real-time ability and interactivity of emotional judgment, the emotion visualization based on scene change is better than that based on picture change; the emotion judgment system based on the set of optimal signal feature is better than the system based on the conventional machine learning-based method. The test experience of subjects has an impact on the test results. Multi-dimensional interactive environment is easier to affect people’s emotional changes than single dimensional interactive environment.
Predicting Return to Work Following Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study

This study aimed to determine the proportion of patients who returned to work within three months post-myocardial infarction and the factors that predicted return to work. A total of 136 participants with myocardial infarction completed the study questionnaires at baseline and three months post-discharge between August 2015 and February 2016. At the three-month follow-up, 87.5% (n = 49) of the participants who were working pre-infarction had resumed work. Age, gender, education, smoking, readmission after discharge, number of comorbidities, diabetes, social support, anxiety, and depression were significantly associated with returning to work at three months post-discharge. Age, gender, smoking, anxiety, and depression significantly predicted those patients with myocardial infarction that returned to work, using binary logistic regression. The majority of patients in work who experience myocardial infarction have the capacity to achieve a work resumption by three months post-discharge. Interventions that facilitate returning to work should focus on modifiable risk factors, such as improving these patients’ mental health, comorbid conditions, risk of readmission, smoking, and social support. Healthcare providers should work in partnership with patients’ family members, friends, and employers in developing and implementing interventions to address these modifiable factors to facilitate patients’ return to work.
3D Spheroid Human Dermal Papilla Cell as an Effective Model for the Screening of Hair Growth Promoting Compounds: Examples of Minoxidil and 3,4,5-Tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (TCQA)

Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are an important element of the hair follicle (HF) niche, widely used as an in vitro model to study hair growth-related research. These cells are usually grown in 2D culture, but this system did not show efficient therapeutic effects on HF regeneration and growth, and key differences were observed between cell activity in vitro and in vivo. Recent studies have showed that DPCs grown in 3D hanging spheroids are more morphologically akin to an intact DP microenvironment. In this current study, global gene molecular analysis showed that the 3D model highly affected cell adhesion molecules and hair growth-related pathways. Furthermore, we compared the expression of signalling molecules and metabolism-associated proteins of DPCs treated with minoxidil (an FDA-approved drug for hair loss treatment) and 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (TCQA) (recently found to induce hair growth in vitro and in vivo) in 3D spheroid hanging drops and a 2D monolayer using DNA microarray analysis. Further validations by determining the gene and protein expressions of key signature molecules showed the suitability of this 3D system for enhancing the DPC activity of the hair growth-promoting agents minoxidil and TCQA.
Effect of Prepartum Dietary Energy Level on Production and Reproduction in Nili Ravi Buffaloes

Simple Summary The objective was to evaluate the effect of prepartum dietary energy level on performance of Nili Ravi buffaloes. Buffaloes were fed low, medium or high energy diet during 63 days prepartum and same lactation diet during 14 weeks postpartum. Buffaloes fed the high energy diet had better performance compared with buffaloes fed the medium or low energy diet. While, prepartum feeding of low energy diet adversely affected buffalo performance. Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of prepartum dietary energy level on postpartum production and reproduction in Nili Ravi buffaloes (n = 21). The buffaloes were offered low energy (LE: 1.31 Mcal/kg DM NEL (net energy for lactation)), medium energy (ME: 1.42 Mcal/kg DM NEL) or high energy (HE: 1.54 Mcal/kg DM NEL) diet for 63 days prepartum, and received the same lactation diet (LD: 1.22 Mcal/kg DM NEL) during 14 weeks postpartum. The effects of dietary energy level and week were analyzed with Proc GLIMMIX model. Dry matter intake (DMI) was lower in buffaloes fed the LE diet compared with buffaloes fed the ME or HE diet. Calf birth weight (CBW) was higher in buffaloes fed the HE diet compared with buffaloes fed the ME or LE diet. Milk production was similar in buffaloes fed the HE, ME or LE diet within 14 weeks postpartum and throughout the lactation. Milk fat was higher in buffaloes fed the LE diet compared with buffaloes fed the ME or HE diet. Milk protein and lactose yields was high in buffaloes fed the HE diet compared with buffaloes fed the ME or LE diet. Body condition score was high in HE and was affected by diet × week interactions during pre and postpartum period. The concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and triglycerides in serum was lowest in buffaloes fed the HE diet compared with the buffaloes fed the ME or LE diet. The buffaloes fed the HE diet had early uterine involution (UI), first estrus, short dry days, and calving interval (CI) compared with buffaloes fed the ME or LE diet. None of buffaloes fed the LE diet exhibited estrus during the first 14 weeks postpartum compared with buffaloes fed the ME or HE diet. In conclusion, prepartum feeding of high energy diet can be helpful in improving the postpartum productive and reproductive performance in Nili Ravi buffaloes.
Eye Infection with SARS-CoV-2 as a Route to Systemic Immunization?

Infectious diseases of the conjunctiva and cornea usually leave behind both broad local and systemic immunity. Case reports of SARS-CoV-2-positive conjunctivitis with subsequent systemic immunity suggest a new route of immunization preventing the primary infection of the airways. Material and Methods: A total of 24 Syrian field hamsters were treated. In systematic animal experiments, we infected the eyes of n = 8 animals (group 1) and the airways of another n = 8 animals (group 2) with SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan type); n = 8 hamsters served as controls (group 3). The weight development of the animals was recorded. After two weeks of observation of disease symptoms, all animals were re-exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory tract (challenge) to determine whether immunity to the virus had been achieved. Results: The epi-ocularly infected animals (group 1) showed no clinically visible disease during the ocular infection phase. At most, there was a slightly reduced weight gain compared to the control group (group 3), while the respiratory infected animals (group 2) all lost weight, became lethargic, and slowly recovered after two weeks. After the challenge, none of the animals in groups 1 and 2 became ill again. The animals in the negative control (group 3) all became ill. Cytotoxic antibodies were detectable in the blood of the infected groups before and after challenge, with higher titers in the epi-ocularly infected animals. Conclusion: By epi-ocular infection with SARS-CoV-2, the development of systemic immunity with formation of cytotoxic antibodies without severe general disease could be observed in the experimental animals, which did not induce any more disease upon a second infection in the respiratory tract. Therefore, it can be concluded that a purely epi-ocular infection with SARS-CoV2 only induces a weak disease pattern followed by systemic immunity.
Investigations of Micro-Deformation in Monocrystalline Copper at Low Temperatures via Indentation

Indentation experiments on differently oriented faces of monocrystalline copper were conducted to investigate the micro-deformation process at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 150 K. The morphologies and textures of the residual imprints were observed using electron microscopy. Distinct slip bands were observed inside the imprints at 150 K compared to smooth surfaces at room temperature. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to identify the deformation process beneath the indentation region. The results showed that plastic deformation was inhibited with decreasing temperature, but elastic recovery during the unloading process was enhanced, resulting in inner slip bands (ISBs) being observable in the residual imprints. The performances of these ISBs were strongly associated with the angles between the indentation direction and major slip surfaces and could be considered microscopic forms on the surfaces of aggregated geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). This work helped reveal the micro-deformation mechanism of indentations inside imprints.
Impact of financial capital, social capital, and business digitalization on business sustainability of SMEs in Indonesia

SMEs have significant challenges amid a pandemic that is crippling the country's economy to survive and continue to struggle from bankruptcy. So, this paper analyzes the impact of financial capital, social capital, and business digitalization in improving business sustainability and finds out which variables are marketing strategies in mediating the direct influence between these three variables. Data collection using a questionnaire instrument using a survey technique. The research sample was 93 respondents as SME business owners. The research period was carried out from June to September 2021. After the data is collected, then tested using SEM-PLS using Warppls 5.0 software. The study found that financial capital can improve business sustainability, and social capital can also affect business sustainability; the same is valid for business digitization which can improve business sustainability for SME actors. Therefore, SME business actors need to pay attention to the business capital, then social capital to the community in the long term, and digitalization to improve businesses' ability to survive in a pandemic. Furthermore, we hope that this research will expand understanding to SMEs business owners to be more vigilant about several factors that can make a business go bankrupt, especially in a pandemic situation. However, the limitation of this study lies in the research sample, which only examines one province so that future researchers can compare it with other provinces. And in this study, it was found that the marketing strategy has not been successful in mediating, so it still needs to be discussed further.
Accurate and efficient analysis of the upward heat flow in InGaP/GaAs HBTs through an automated FEM‐based tool and Design of Experiments

This paper presents an extensive analysis aimed at quantifying the impact of all the key technology parameters on the upward heat flow in state‐of‐the‐art InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) for various emitter areas and shapes. Extremely accurate thermal simulations are conducted in a relatively short time with a tool relying on a commercial 3‐D finite‐element method (FEM) solver and an in‐house routine for automated geometry construction, optimized mesh generation, sequential solution, and data storing/processing. Design of Experiments is used to define a thermal resistance model as a function of the aforementioned parameters on the basis of a few FEM data.
The Effect of Music-Based Intervention on Linguistic Skills: A Systematic Review

Music-based approaches, including singing and movement, have received an extensive examination by researchers. Previous study results have revealed that music-based approaches improved young children’s music skills and enhanced social, linguistic, and logical thinking skills. This review characterizes and compares existing studies to investigate the use of music and movement to improve linguistic skills. This systematic review followed the SPIDER search tool by investigating the samplings (S), the phenomenon of interest (PI), design (D), evaluation (E), and research type (R). This systematic review includes studies published between 2001-2018 with participants ranging from 4 to 12 years old. The authors investigated the designs of 20 articles.
Effects of Tractor and Soil Parameters on the Depth of the Permanent Traffic Lanes in Controlled Traffic Farming Systems

One of the basic requirements for controlled traffic farming (CTF) is the precise motion of all agricultural equipment on permanent traffic lanes (PTL). Tractors of machine-tractor units are then equipped with a GNSS (global navigation satellite) RTK (real-time kinematic) system, even though in many parts of the world, and Europe as well, satellite navigation is not yet used. In this case, for implementation of the CTF system, it needs to lay such PTL tracks that would be sufficiently visible, especially when using the CTF system in multi-year agricultural crop cultivation. The PTL track depth is influenced by both tractor and soil parameters and, in this paper, this influence is studied considering the dimensionless π-terms of the similarity theory. To obtain a greater depth of PTL tracks (h), the soil cone index must be low. The low density of the soil is important, even if its effect on the parameter h is less than that of the soil cone index. A greater depth of PTL tracks is also obtained by increasing the inflation pressure in the tractor tires. Ballasted wheels are the least effective for increasing the value of the parameter h.