Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First report of Fusarium proliferatum causing crown and stem rot, and pith necrosis, in cannabis (Cannabis sativa L., marijuana) plants

Abstract Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L., marijuana) plants grown under greenhouse or controlled environments with symptoms of leaf yellowing, leaf necrosis and defoliation were observed during 2018–2019. Additional symptoms included crown rot and internal browning or blackening of the pith tissues. Stock (mother) plants as well as plants in the vegetative and flowering stages of 15 cannabis strains (genotypes) were affected. In addition, damping-off symptoms were observed on rooted cuttings in propagation rooms. Isolations from diseased tissues yielded predominantly Fusarium proliferatum, with some F. oxysporum also recovered. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences from the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF-1 α) region of 29 isolates of F. proliferatum from eight licenced production facilities in three provinces in Canada (British Columbia, Ontario and New Brunswick), and one cannabis production site in northern California, grouped isolates from cannabis with a large clade of isolates from a wide range of other hosts in different geographic regions. Pathogenicity studies confirmed the ability of F. proliferatum to cause symptoms of wilting, leaf and pith necrosis, and plant death on cuttings, rooted plants and stock plants. Inoculated tomato and cucumber plants developed similar symptoms. Stem colonization was more extensive by F. proliferatum compared to F. oxysporum on cannabis cuttings. Both grew optimally at 25°C on agar media although F. oxysporum grew faster than F. proliferatum at all temperatures tested. The occurrence of F. proliferatum on cannabis plants has not been previously reported, adding to recent reports of F. oxysporum and F. solani that cause similar symptoms on cannabis plants.
Study of CO2 Decomposition in Microwave Discharges by Optical Diagnostic Methods

The increasing of the carbon dioxide (CO2) release into the atmosphere is undeniably one of the biggest concerns for the twenty-first century. Among the different strategies proposed for reduction of CO2 emission (carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), renewable energies, etc.), low-temperature plasma technology offers an alternative and rather efficient way to convert CO2 into the valuables chemicals (e.g. syngas) which can be stored and used afterwards. Several CO2 decomposition plasma-related approaches have been proposed in the literature, all having a main task: increasing the energy efficiency associated to the decomposition process, while keeping the conversion rate at reasonably high level. This task is especially challenging since many kinetic mechanisms of CO2 decomposition in low-temperature discharges are not yet well-known, such as the vibrational excitation which plays a key role in achieving high decomposition rates. In this chapter our recent research efforts associated with the experimental study of the CO2 decomposition in microwave surfaguide low-temperature discharges are presented. The research was focused on the systematic investigation of the basic plasma parameters. The discharge area of the reactor was characterized by optical emission spectroscopy using the light emitted from spontaneous relaxation of excited species in plasma. The critical parameters such as gas temperature and dissociation rate were evaluated. In addition to this, the post-discharge area was characterized by two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence and gas chromatography techniques in order to investigate the exhaust gas composition. All together, the results overviewed in this chapter provide interesting insights into different kinetic mechanisms of CO2-containing discharges, which play an important role in the CO2 decomposition process.
The Effect of Oxygen on Organic Haze Properties

Atmospheric organic hazes are present on many planetary bodies, possibly including the ancient Earth and exoplanets, and can greatly influence surface and atmospheric properties. Here we examine the physical and optical properties of organic hazes produced with molecular nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, and increasing amounts of molecular oxygen, and compare them to hazes produced without added oxygen. As molecular oxygen is included in increasing amounts from 0 to 200 ppmv, the mass loading of haze produced decreases nonlinearly. With 200 ppmv molecular oxygen, the mass loading of particles produced is on the order of the amount of organic aerosol in modern Earth’s atmosphere, suggesting that while not a thick organic haze, haze particles produced with 200 ppmv molecular oxygen could still influence planetary climates. Additionally, the hazes produced with increasing amounts of oxygen become increasingly oxidized and the densities increase. For hazes produced with 0, 2 and 20 ppmv oxygen, the densities were found to be 0.94, 1.03 and 1.12 g cm−3, respectively. Moreover, the hazes produced with 0, 2, and 20 ppmv oxygen are found to have real refractive indices of n = 1.58 ± 0.04, 1.53 ± 0.03 and 1.67 ± 0.03, respectively, and imaginary refractive indices of , 0.002 ± 0.002 and , respectively. These k values demonstrate that the particles formed with oxygen have no absorption within our experimental error, and could result in a light scattering layer in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
Nuclear reaction cross-section of 22 C using Glauber Model and Relativistic Mean Field formulism

The studies of exotic nuclei have been important theoretically as well as experimentally for nuclear physics community. One of the most exotic phenomena is the neutron halo, which is formed by the extremely weakly bound neutrons that decouple from the nuclear core. With the advancement in the radioactive ion beam facilities, it becomes possible to carry out many experiments and get more information regarding the structures of nuclei away from the stability line. The properties of the nuclei in the exotic mass regions are entirely different. For example, in the very neutron-rich Ne, Na, and Mg isotopes with N≈20, one of the most important issues is the vanishing of the shell gap, which causes a mixing of normal and intruder configurations, and has significant influence on the properties of those nuclei [1] The reaction cross sections of certain nuclei He, Li and Be [2] have been found anomalously large. The matter radius of such nuclei is much larger than that of the neighboring nuclei. Recently, the measurement of nuclear reaction cross-section for C [3] shows that the drip-line nucleus C has halo structure. The C has N = 16 which is new magic number in neutron-rich nuclei but, C is unstable, which makes it Borromean type nucleus. Therefore, these are the points which motivates the study of C nucleus. We use Galuber theory [4] to calculate the nuclear reaction cross-section and the differential cross-section,
Three-dimensional modelling of sediment transport under tidal bores in the Qiantang estuary, China

ABSTRACT In this study, a three-dimensional model is developed to investigate sediment transport under tidal bores in the Qiantang estuary. The sediment transport is modelled by the advection and diffusion equation, and the exchange of sediment between the riverbed and the flow is determined by a net flux. A new formula of sediment carrying capacity based on recent field data is used and the settling velocity is resolved with an empirical formula accounting for the flocculation of fine sediment. Skill assessment is employed to show the model performance and relatively high predictive skills are demonstrated. The significant rise of sediment concentration under tidal bores is accurately reproduced. Sediment concentration with the arrival of tidal bores increases more than 10 times, and the depth-varying characteristic of suspended sediment is captured. It is concluded that the amount of sediment transport under tidal bores amplifies an order of magnitude, and the reverse sediment transport pattern is documented.
A typological approach to Latin word order

Typological study has thrown new light on the underlying structural patterns which determine word order in language. J. H. Greenberg has recently proposed a number of 'implicational universals', many of which have to do with word order. These universale take the form, if a language has pattern x, it will also have pattern y\ It is no longer adequate to examine the positioning of individual elements in isolation, for the position of any one element in the sentence may show a correlation with that of various other elements. Though Latin word order has been closely studied, Greenberg's results prompt a more systematic consideration of the evidence. In a series of articles W. P. Lehmann has elaborated on Greenberg's conclusions. It now seems possible that languages fall into two categories, depending on whether the verb precedes or follows its object, though detailed consideration of more languages is required to make the picture clearer. In an 0V language, just as the limiting element (the object) precedes the element which it limits ('he killed Caesar' is more specific than 'he killed'; it is the object which limits the field of reference of the verb to one act of killing), so other limiting or modifying elements tend to precede the element limited. Descriptive adjectives and dependent
On the distribution of subject infinitives in Latin and Homeric Greek

The paper explores the distribution of infinitives in subject function in Latin and Homeric Greek. As a matter of fact, in these languagues a nominal infinitive can appear in in subject function if the finite verb of the clause belongs to a restricted set of intransitive predicates, all taking non-agentive subjects, thus pointing to an Aktionsart-based distribution. Some features of Latin and Homeric Greek infinitives are also discussed as further evidence for their status of non-canonical subjects. Their distribution is compared with that of suffixed action nouns, which denote abstract notions but may play the role of agentive subjects. The analysis allows to conclude that infinitives are non-agentive verbal nouns functioning as non-canonical subjects.
Transformational leadership and teacher job satisfaciton: a comparative study of private and public tertiary institutions in Ghana.

This study investigated the relationship between transformational leadership style of the heads of departments and employee job satisfaction in tertiary institutions in Ghana. The study sought to examine the relationship between transformational leadership style of heads of departments and the job satisfaction of lecturers in private and public tertiary institutions in Ghana. Questionnaires and case studies were administered to 74 lecturers and 12 heads of departments from private and public institutions respectively. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) were used by lecturers to assess their heads of departments in relation to the satisfaction they derive from their jobs. While Heads of departments in identified departments were interviewed to assess their transformational leadership strategies. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were executed to establish the transformational leadership practices of heads of departments and the relationship between transformational leadership and the job satisfaction of lecturers. Regression tests were used to analyze the data taking into consideration the descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviations. The results showed a positive correlation between transformational leadership and employee job satisfaction. It further revealed no differences in transformational leadership and job satisfaction of lecturers in both private and public institutions. The results of the survey show that heads of departments do not differ in their transformational leadership practices in both types of institutions. Finally, the study recommended that policy makers and boards of institutions should integrate programmes such as seminars, workshops and updates on school administration and leadership in order to sharpen the skills of institutional leaders on the job.
Improved approach for determining thin layer thermal conductivity using the 3ω method. Application to porous Si thermal conductivity in the temperature range 77–300 K

An improved approach for determining thermal conductivity using the 3ω method was used to determine anisotropic porous Si thermal conductivity in the temperature range 77–300 K. In this approach, thermal conductivity is extracted from experimental data of the third harmonic of the voltage (3ω) as a function of frequency, combined with consequent FEM simulations. The advantage is that within this approach the finite thickness of the sample and the heater are taken into account so that the corresponding errors introduced in thermal conductivity values when using Cahill’s simplified analytical formula are eliminated. The developed method constitutes a useful tool for measuring the thermal conductivity of samples with unknown thermal properties. The thermal conductivity measurements with the 3ω method are discussed and compared with those obtained using the well-established dc method.
On the use of scale‐dependent precision in Earth System modelling

Increasing the resolution of numerical models has played a large part in improving the accuracy of weather and climate forecasts in recent years. Until now, this has required the use of ever more powerful computers, the energy costs of which are becoming increasingly problematic. It has therefore been proposed that forecasters switch to using more efficient ‘reduced precision’ hardware capable of sacrificing unnecessary numerical precision to save costs.
Localization of Cav1.3 L-type calcium channels in the mouse retina

Cav1.3 ist ein Mitglied der spannungsabhangigen Kalziumkanale (VGCCs) und fungiert als Mediator in wichtigen zellularen Prozessen wie Horen oder der Freisetzung von Hormonen aus endokrinen Zellen. Weiters wird dieser Kalziumkanal im Atrioventrikularknoten des Herzens exprimiert wo er fur die Erregungsleitung im Ruhezustand verantwortlich ist. Neueste Studien deuten auf das Vorhandensein von Cav1.3 in der Wirbeltiernetzhaut hin. In dieser Arbeit habe ich mich mit zwei genetisch veranderten Mausmodellen befasst, um Cav1.3 in der Retina zu lokalisieren. Die erste Maus hat einen so genannten HA-tag, benannt nach dem Hamagglutinin des Influenzavirus, im C-terminus des Cav1.3 Proteins inseriert. Durch diesen leicht detektierbaren Marker konnte ich zeigen, dass Cav1.3 tatsachlich in der Retina exprimiert wird. Basierend auf dieser Beobachtung wollte ich weiters die genaue Lokalisation des Proteins in den einzelnen Schichten der Retina feststellen. Mein experimenteller Zugang hierfur war die Immunhistochemie. Dieser Ansatz stellte sich allerdings als problematisch heraus, da der verwendete Antikorper im Kontrollgewebe, dem Hirn, kein Signal gab. Das zweite Mausmodell war ein so genannter knock-out. In diesem Fall fehlt der funktionelle Cav1.3 Kalziumkanal. Auch in diesem experimentellen Ansatz war der verwendete Antikorper nicht geeignet fur Immunhistochemie. Im Kontrollgewebe hingegen konnte ich interessante Beobachtungen anstellen. So scheint es, dass der Antikorper spezifisch Cav1.3 im wildtypischen Hippocampus erkennt. Abschliesend widmete ich mich der generellen Morphologie der Retina und wollte untersuchen ob die Mausmodelle Veranderungen hinsichtlich bekannter Markerproteine aufweisen. Lediglich PMCA1, eine Kalziumpumpe die Zellen vor zu hohen intrazellularen Kalziumionenkonzentrationen schutzt, weist eine erhohte Expression in der auseren Kernschicht der Cav1.3 knock-out Retina auf.
A Model-Based Reinforcement Learning Approach for a Rare Disease Diagnostic Task

In this work, we present our various contributions to the objective of building a decision support tool for the diagnosis of rare diseases. Our goal is to achieve a state of knowledge where the uncertainty about the patient's disease is below a predetermined threshold. We aim to reach such states while minimizing the average number of medical tests to perform. In doing so, we take into account the need, in many medical applications, to avoid, as much as possible, any misdiagnosis. To solve this optimization task, we investigate several reinforcement learning algorithm and make them operable in our high-dimensional and sparse-reward setting. We also present a way to combine expert knowledge, expressed as conditional probabilities, with real clinical data. This is crucial because the scarcity of data in the field of rare diseases prevents any approach based solely on clinical data. Finally we show that it is possible to integrate the ontological information about symptoms while remaining in our probabilistic reasoning. It enables our decision support tool to process information given at different level of precision by the user.
Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using Latent Semantic Indexing

In this thesis, a method for indexing cross-language databases for conceptual querymatching is presented. Two languages (Greek and English) are combined by appending a small portion of documents from one language to the identical documents in the other language. The proposed merging strategy duplicates less than 7% of the entire database (made up of di erent translations of the Gospels). Previous strategies duplicated up to 34% of the initial database in order to perform the merger. The proposed method retrieves a larger number of relevant documents for both languages with higher cosine rankings when Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) is employed. Using the proposed merge strategies, LSI is shown to be e ective in retrieving documents from either language (Greek or English) without requiring any translation of a user's query. An e ective Bible search product needs to allow the use of natural language for searching (queries). LSI enables the user to form queries with using natural expressions in the user's own native language. The merging strategy proposed in this study enables LSI to retrieve relevant documents e ectively while duplicating a minimum of the entire database. iv
Nonparametric Identification and Estimation of Additive Social Interaction Models with Homophily

We study strategic social interaction among economic agents that are connected through the phenomena of homophily. In particular, we measure homophily effects by the differences between players’ socioeconomic characteristics. Under the symmetric equilibrium selection mechanism, we establish a nonparametric approach to identify the structural model and propose a computationally feasible two-step estimation procedure. The asymptotic properties of the two-step estimator are derived under context of large games, i.e., the number of players going to infinity. Finally, we apply the identification and estimation methods to study the peer effects on youth smoking behaviors using data of adolescents in the United States, our empirical findings show positive and statistically significant peer effects and demonstrate the empirical importance of including homophily effect in our model.
STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICS KNOWLEDGE – THEORY AND EXERCISES

This article analyses the tests results evaluating the knowledge of students of basic mathematics courses at the University of Economics and the University of Finance and Administration in Prague. The relationship between the knowledge of definitions and the ability to solve exercises is tested. This article focuses on the theoretical part by assessing the ability to formulate the definitions and to analyse the relationships between the study of the theory, the ability to formulate definitions and to solve exercises. For this purpose the statistical evaluation utilizing the log-linear models is used. The most common errors in the theoretical part are presented.
123 Amyloid- (cid:2) peptide induces oligodendrocyte death by activating the neutral sphingomyelinase– ceramide

China myloid- (cid:2) peptide (A (cid:2) ) accumulation in senile plaques, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has been implicated in neuronal degeneration. We have recently demonstrated that A (cid:2) induced oligodendrocyte (OLG) apoptosis, suggesting a role in white matter pathology in AD. Here, we explore the molecular mechanisms involved in A (cid:2) -induced OLG death, examining the potential role of ceramide, a known apoptogenic mediator. Both A (cid:2) and ceramide induced OLG death. In addition, A (cid:2) activated neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase), but not acidic sphingomyelinase, resulting in increased ceramide generation. Blocking ceramide degradation with A N -oleoyl-ethanolamine exacerbated A (cid:2) cytotoxicity; and addition of bacterial sphingomyelinase (mimicking cellular nSMase activity) induced OLG death. Furthermore, nSMase inhibition by 3- O -methyl-sphingomyelin or by gene knockdown using antisense oligonucleotides attenuated A (cid:2) -induced OLG death. Glutathione (GSH) precursors inhibited A (cid:2) activation of nSMase and prevented OLG death, whereas GSH depletors increased nSMase activity and A (cid:2) -induced death. These results suggest that A (cid:2) induces OLG death by activating the nSMase–ceramide cascade via an oxidative
Factors Affecting the Use of Financial Technology Payment Systems (Case Study on ShopeePay Digital Wallet Users in Madiun City)

This study aims to ﬁnd out what factors inﬂuence the use of ﬁnan-cial technology payment systems on “ShopeePay” digital wallet users, especially students who are studying in Madiun City. The design of this study was carried out using quantitative research methods seen from the data used in the form of numbers and statistics to analyze it. The data used is primary data in the form of a questionnaire and distributed to 100 respondents who were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data analysis used multiple linear analysis using SPSS Version 23. The results of this study indicate that usability and ﬁnancial capability affect the use of ﬁnancial technology. Meanwhile, convenience and security do not affect the use of ﬁnancial technology.