Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural Analysis of the Effect of Exchange Rate Movement on Stock Market Performance in Nigeria

This paper investigates the impact and causal relationship between exchange rate movement and stock market performance in Nigeria using monthly data spanning from February 2001 to December 2017. Estimated models include pre-crisis, crisis, post-crisis, and the primary model. Johanson co-integration, IGARCH (1,1) and Pairwise Granger causality techniques were used for the analysis. The result of the co-integration test suggested the absence of a long-run relationship among the variables. The estimated IGARCH (1,1) model revealed that the exchange rate and money supply have positive impact on stock market performance. Furthermore, the paper established evidence of a one-way causality from exchange rate to stock market performance in the primary and pre-crisis models and no causality during the crisis and post-crisis periods. Thus, we recommend that the monetary authority should pay close attention to exchange rate movement, address the problem of market manipulations, and employ robust measures to protect the stock market from possible future crisis.
An Educational Initiative to Promote Self-Care Practices in Hispanic Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of Nova Southeastern University. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.
PERFIL DO CONSUMO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS PSICOATIVAS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM AS CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS: UMA CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA INTERVENÇÃO BREVE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL

Se objetivo analizar el perfil de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los ultimos tres meses y su asociacion con las variables sociodemograficas. Se trata de un estudio transversal de los pacientes incluidos en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia en la perspectiva de la Intervencion Breve. El estudio se llevo a cabo en la ciudad de Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. La muestra estuvo constituida de 1498 usuarios del Servicio, entrevistados por el periodo de un ano. El consumo de sustancias se evaluo mediante un cuestionario Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. El analisis estadistico se realizo con el software SPSS. Las prevalencias en los ultimos tres meses fue detectada en la submuestra masculina para el uso de tabaco (56,4%), bebidas alcoholicas (75,8%), cannabis (16,9%) y cocaina/crack (10,1%). La religion y la escolaridad emergen como importante factor para el uso de drogas. Se evidencio una prevalencia del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, de la clientela atendida en esta area en el ambito de la practica del enfermero.
Can rational planning stimulate cooperative behaviour? How perceived self-efficacy mediates the relationship between strategic plan use, performance information use and strategic voice by local councillors

ABSTRACT Rational planning practices are believed to improve strategy implementation monitoring on the condition that viewpoints accrued from strategic plans and performance information are shared (i.e. strategic voice). However, empirical evidence explaining if and how the use of strategic plans and performance information stimulates governing board members’ strategic voice is lacking. Therefore we hypothesize, based on information processing theory and self-efficacy theory, that the intertwined relationship between strategic plan and performance information use stimulates perceived self-efficacy which, in turn, triggers strategic voice. Results, based on data from 536 Flemish local councillors of 246 local authorities in Belgium, confirm this overarching idea.
Mechanisms of postoperative pain

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Good pain control after surgery is important to facilitate overall recovery, improve patient satisfaction, decrease morbidity, and reduce health care cost. However, despite heightened awareness and development of new guidelines in recent decades, we have failed to make major improvements in postoperative pain control. Currently available analgesic therapies have limited efficacy, and pain after surgery continues to be a significant clinical problem. Our goal is to develop more effective and safer clinical strategies that will eliminate or greatly reduce postoperative pain, and a better understanding of the mechanisms of pain induced by surgery would be essential to achieve this goal. Evidence suggests that the pathophysiological mechanisms and optimal treatment of postoperative pain are different from many other painful conditions. Recognizing the necessity and importance of relevant pre-clinical models, we have developed and characterized rodent incision models that have close similarities to postoperative pain in patients. Previous studies have demonstrated the clinical relevance and translatability of these pre-clinical models of postoperative pain. In this review, we describe the rodent incision pain models, and summarized our current understanding of the mechanisms of postoperative pain, highlighting key findings from our previous studies using these models. (Anesth Pain Med 2016; 11: 236-248)
EVIDÊNCIAS PARA A PREVENÇÃO DE INFECÇÃO NO CATETERISMO VESICAL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA EVIDENCE FOR THE PREVENTION OF INFECTION IN VESICAL CATHETERISM: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW EVIDENCIA PARA LA PREVENCIÓN DE LA INFECCIÓN EN EL CATETERISMO VESICAL: REVISIÓN INTEGRADORA

Objective: to analyze the scientific evidence available for the prevention of infection associated with the vesical catheterism. Method: integrative review, with survey data from 2000 to 2010, using a specific form validated in LILACS and MEDLINE databases and SciELO virtual library, using the key words: nursing, nursing care, Catheterism and infection. 12 national and international articles were selected. The data were synthesized in figures and analyzed descriptively. Results: technologies were highlighted like the use of different catheters that can promote the reduction of infection. With regard to interventions of nurses, these related generally to the use of aseptic technique, observation of on-call time of catheters, care in handling of these and improvement of knowledge. Conclusion: it is believed that this review may provide new information to health care professionals that handle directly the vesical catheter, with the purpose of improving clinical practices and consequently decrease the rates of urinary infection. Descriptors: Nursing; Nursing care; Catheterism; Infection. RESUMEN
Protecting the Well-Being of Medical Residents and Faculty Physicians During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Making the Case for Accessible, Comprehensive Wellness Resources

Accounts of frontline health care workers experiencing distress in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic highlight the need for accessible psychological support for them. Prior to the pandemic, medical residents and physicians often experienced difficulty receiving counseling due to concerns about confidentiality, stigma, cost, time, and reportability to licensure/credentialing bodies. Since 2004, the OHSU Resident and Faculty Wellness Program (RFWP) team has sought to reduce these barriers by providing on-site free, confidential, individual counseling and medication management. Utilization of this program is high with over 500 physicians a year seeking care; 38% of all OHSU residents/fellows and 7% of all faculty eligible for our services participated in 2019-20. In the present essay, we describe how our model of care for trainees and faculty was a key wellness resource during COVID-19. Similar to other accounts of lower help-seeking by health professionals initially during the pandemic, we experienced a slight downturn in utilization rates during the initial weeks of when the pandemic struck our area, but quickly returned to normal and exceeded prior levels. All appointments shifted to telehealth visits and a number of physicians expressed gratitude for the opportunity to talk through concerns and strengthen coping. A number of physicians requested medication consultations to address severe insomnia, anxiety, and depression. We hope that being present in our physicians’ lives when they are exposed to COVID-related stress or trauma will keep them safe, help them cope with difficult experiences and losses, and ultimately facilitate both recovery and post-traumatic growth.
The contribution of aviation NOx emissions to climate change: are we ignoring methodological flaws?

The contribution of aviation to anthropogenic climate change results from CO2 and non-CO2 emissions. The latter emissions comprise of nitrogen oxides, water vapour, and aerosols as well as contrail and contrailcirrus effects. A series of updates can be noted in recent studies related to the effects of NOx-emissions; the inclusion of two physical processes and an updated radiation calculation (see below). However, in our opinion, two further published methodological shortcomings have not been fully considered which leads to a considerable underestimation of the contribution of aviation’s NOx emissions to climate change. First, methane response calculations implicitly assume steady-state instead of an adequate transient development. Second, most studies determine ozone changes are caused by switching off or reducing aviation NOx emissions, instead of calculating aviation contributions to the ozone. Such methodological simplifications largely underestimate the contribution of the aviation NOx emissions to climate change by a factor of 6 to 7 and can thereby be considered as flaws. Note that the contribution of an emission to climate change (=‘status report’) and the contribution of a change in emissions to climate change (=‘mitigation option’) require different calculation methods [1, 2]. While for calculating the contribution of emissions to atmospheric compositions (and hence climate change), to which we are referring here, a clear recommendation was made (e.g. [1]), the methodological approach for evaluating mitigation measures might still be ambiguous, but should certainly not ignore the results of contribution calculations [3].
Attitudes Towards Menopause Among Iranian Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Context: Women’s attitudes towards menopause have an important impact on menopausal experiences, including the perceived severity of symptoms and women’s general lifestyles during menopause. Therefore, such attitudes should be considered when developing management and counseling programs for women in menopausal transition. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine Iranian women’s attitudes towards menopause. Evidence Acquisition: In this study, searches for English articles were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases, and searches for Persian articles were conducted using Magiran, SID, and Google Scholar. All articles published until April 30, 2015 were considered, using the keywords “Menopause,” “Attitude,” “Iran,” and “Iranian women. ” Out of 1160 potentially relevant publications, 21 documents met the inclusion criteria. Then, the quality of the studies was examined by two reviewers independently using additional pre-specified criteria. Measures of the effects were pooled, and random effect meta-analysis was conducted using Stata software version 11. Results: Out of the 21 selected documents, 11 studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis on 3453 participants showed that 25% of Iranian women had positive attitudes, 58% had neutral attitudes, and 17% had negative attitudes towards menopause. Conclusions: The majority of Iranian women had neutral attitudes towards menopause, which may be evidence of poor knowledge about menopause. Therefore, it is suggested that appropriate educational programs be developed and implemented by policymakers in order to increase knowledge and raise awareness among women about menopause.
Optical coupling of quantum dot microlasers

Optical coupling in the transition regime between the classical and the quantum regime is an emerging research field. Here, semiconductor quantum dot (QD) micropillar emitters are an ideal test-bed system, as they are situated at the crossroads between nanophotonics and non-linear dynamics. Due to their small mode volume and high resonator Q-factor, they are subject to cavity quantum electro-dynamical effects. This results in Purcellenhanced coupling of a large fraction of spontaneous emission into the cavity mode, which is quantified by the spontaneous emission factor β . In this thesis we discuss the emission properties of high-β QD micropillar emitters and investigate the resonant optical interaction between high-β QD micropillar lasers and other active optical components. Taking a close look on the emission properties of QD micropillars, we observe unconventional second-order photon correlation features in high-β QD micropillar emitters with slightly too little gain material for lasing, which are explained by the saturation of QDs. We find that high-β QD micropillar lasers are only susceptible to injected light if the injected power is at least similar to the output power of the micropillar laser. Applying this knowledge, we manage to demonstrate clear mutual frequency locking of two optically coupled, electrically pumped, high-β QD micropillar lasers. We identify synchronization of mode switching-induced intensity fluctuations, both of the leader-laggard and the zero-lag synchronization types, with linear correlation coefficients of up to 50%. For evaluating a highly topical application scenario, we couple a high-β QD micropillar laser to a QD two-level system. We tune the micropillar laser and the QD to spectral resonance. Under favorable conditions, the resulting resonance fluorescence consists mainly of highly indistinguishable singe photons. The latter are essential building blocks in many applications of quantum technology, such as linear optical quantum computing or longdistance quantum key distribution schemes. We demonstrate the feasibility of triggered single-photon generation from a QD two-level system when using a high-β QD micropillar laser as resonant excitation source. By presenting measured Rabi oscillations and the related Mollow triplet, we prove that the micropillar laser provides sufficient output power in CW operation to saturate the two-level system. In pulsed operation at 156MHz repetition rate, we achieve a high photon indistinguishability (Vpure = 57(9)%) and strong multi-photon suppression (д(2)(0) < 0.02). We analyze the results in comprehensive theoretical studies, suggest further improvements and thus pave the way for compact electrically driven quantum light sources and their application in quantum computing and advanced quantum key distribution schemes.
Observing Enforcement: Evidence from Banking

This paper finds that the disclosure of supervisory actions is associated with changes in regulators' enforcement behavior. Using a novel sample of enforcement decisions and orders (EDOs) and the setting of the 1989 Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act (FIRREA), which required the public disclosure of EDOs, we find that U.S. bank regulators issue more EDOs, intervene sooner, and rely more on publicly observable signals after the disclosure regime change. The content of EDOs also changes, with documents becoming more complex and boilerplate. Our results are stronger in counties with higher news circulation, indicating that disclosure plays an incremental role in regulators' changing behavior. We evaluate the main potentially confounding changes around FIRREA, including the S&L crisis and competition from thrifts, and find robust results. We also study changes in bank outcomes following the regime change and find that uninsured deposits decline at EDO banks, especially for banks with EDOs covered in the news. Finally, we observe that bank failure accelerates despite improvements in capital ratios and asset quality.
Effects of information and communication technology platforms on university students academic performance

This study investigated the effects of social media and its influence on the academic performance of the students in the National Open University (NOUN), Benin Study Center using a self-developed structured questionnaire called “Social Media and Academic Performance of Students Questionnaire (SMAAPOS)” with 395 student respondents. Data obtained shows that 597 (46%) of the participants’ responded Strongly Agree that students addictiveness to social network has a significant influence on their academic performance, while 312 (24%) Agree, 262 (20%) Disagree, and 125 (10%) Strongly Disagree, and that there is a significant influence on student’s usages of social media network by age.Keywords: Social Network Sites, Information and Communication Technology, Academy performance
Eligibility for opiate substitution therapy in recently released prisoners with high-risk amphetamine use, and their perceptions of its effectiveness

ABSTRACT Introduction and Aim: The harmful consequences of amphetamine (including methamphetamine) misuse in Australia and internationally have been well documented. There has been surprisingly little exploration, however, of the role of opiate substitution therapy (OST), an evidence-based harm minimization strategy for opiate dependence, in eligible high-risk amphetamine users. Design and Methods: This survey study explored histories of substance use and dependence, and eligibility for OST, in a group of Queensland adult male ex-prisoners recently released into a residential supported parole program. Results: 57% of participants were identified as high-risk amphetamine (HRA) users. Of these HRA users, 74% were eligible for opiate substitution treatment under current Australian guidelines, and 59% believed that suboxone (buprenorphine and naloxone) maintenance would reduce their risks of going back to prison due to amphetamine use. Discussion and Conclusions: In recently released prisoners with a history of high-risk amphetamine use and opiate dependence, OST may be a strategy to reduce the harms of both opiate and amphetamine use. Further studies are needed to understand poly-drug use in this population, and optimize the safety, effectiveness, and attractiveness of suboxone maintenance for these potential clients.
Clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy to predict success of adjuvant chemotherapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma.

137 Background: Evidence informing current guidelines advising postoperative chemotherapy following trimodality therapy for esophageal cancer are limited. Our objective was to identify patients with locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma treated with trimodality therapy who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: A single institution retrospective study was performed in 308 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery between 1989-2012. Kaplan-Meier analysis compared postoperative survival by clinical response to trimodality therapy and the use of adjuvant chemotherapy. Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated the association of adjuvant chemotherapy with survival. Results: After trimodality treatment, 93 out of 308 patients(30%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. Partial response to trimodality treatment was observed in 150(48%) patients; 50 of whom received adjuvant therapy. The median survival for partial responders who recei.
Differentiating Active and Passive Fatigue with the use of Electroencephalography

Desmond and Hancock (2001) proposed that two types of cognitive fatigue can arise depending on the nature of a task: active or passive. The purpose of this study was to use electroencephalographic indices of task engagement and a candidate marker of strain to differentiate these two fatigue states. Participants (N = 84) performed a generalized flight simulation task for 62 min under either active, passive, or control conditions. Passive fatigue was characterized by reduced EEG engagement and initially elevated and stable ratios of Fz theta to POz alpha power compared to active fatigue. No performance differences were found between the fatigue conditions; however, an overall speed-accuracy trade-off was observed from pre to post fatigue induction. These results support theoretical and empirical distinctions between active and passive fatigue and have potential applications for developing augmented cognition technologies to deliver appropriate fatigue countermeasures in automated operational environments.
Defining the phylogeographic relationship between cis- and trans-Andean populations of Dendrocincla fuliginosa and Xenops minutus in Colombia

Due to the position of Colombia between Central and South America, and the presence of several ecosystems in its territory, phylogeographic information from populations across this country is fundamental to understand the evolutionary history of widespread Neotropical species. The Andes have long been noted for their influence isolating lowland species into cis- and trans-Andean populations. However, detailed sampling across cis-Andean zones adjacent to the Andes (i.e., Orinoquia) has been lacking in avian phylogeographic studies. Information from DNA sequences, from 2 passerine birds: Dendrocincla fuliginosa and Xenops minutus is presented herein; to depict their phylogeographic patterns, focusing on the relationship between cis- and trans-Andean populations from Colombia. The analyses, regarding Colombian samples indicated that cis-Andean populations (i.e., Orinoquia and Amazon) are not closely related, rather the Orinoquia populations are more closely related to trans-Andean populations in both species. These relationships suggest that populations on both sides of the Andes were connected in the recent past (less than 1 myA). I propose that phylogeographic differentiation in lowland species in this region is not only explained by the presence of the Andean mountains, but also based on the ecological shifts between major ecosystems such as Amazonia and Orinoquia.