Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship among home language use, parental beliefs, and Spanish-speaking children's vocabulary

ABSTRACT This study investigated the relationship among home language use, parents’ beliefs about dual language development, and Spanish-speaking children's vocabulary knowledge. Parents (n = 162) completed a questionnaire about their home language use and beliefs about dual language development, and elementary-age children (N = 190) – Kindergarten (M age = 5.71, SD = .56), second grade (M age = 7.52, SD = .31), and fourth grade (M age = 9.35, SD = .45) – completed conceptually-scored vocabulary assessments. Principal component analyses revealed that Spanish-speaking parents’ beliefs about dual language development are heterogeneous. Further, parents’ beliefs can be characterized differently according to their children's English proficiency designations and grade levels. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that the Bilingual Facility parental belief factor was associated with home language use practices, which in turn were associated with children's vocabulary. However, this association only applied to limited English proficient students and their parents. These results underscore the importance of attending to Spanish-speaking parents’ beliefs, as they appear to relate to home language use practices and, importantly, they also relate to their children's vocabulary achievement.
Análisis comparado de la formación de maestros y maestras en España respecto al desarrollo de las metas de la agenda 2030

La Agenda 2030 lanza una serie de retos que implican un cambio de mentalidad en las nuevas generaciones. El presente estudio pretende analizar si el profesorado recibe una formacion inicial adecuada, para poder desarrollar una educacion en la escuela, capaz de cumplir dichos retos. Con el fin de intentar dar respuesta a esta y otras preguntas, se presenta un estudio comparado de los disenos curriculares de formacion docente en Magisterio de Primaria en las universidades espanolas en relacion con los Objetivos para el Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS en adelante). Se han seleccionado como unidades comparativas una universidad privada y una publica por cada Comunidad Autonoma, tomando como criterio de seleccion aquella con el mayor numero de plazas ofertadas. El total de unidades comparativas resultante para analizar su plan de estudios es de treintaiuna universidades, catorce privadas y diecisiete publicas. Las variables tenidas en cuenta contemplan la existencia o no de asignaturas relacionadas con: interculturalidad; convivencia y ciudadania; genero; educacion inclusiva; valores; sostenibilidad; y accion tutorial, participacion y familias. Todas ellas guardan estrecha relacion con la construccion de una sociedad sostenible, en dos de las tres dimensiones, humana y ambiental, incluidas en el objetivo principal de la Agenda 2030. El resultado del analisis muestra una carencia, bastante evidente, de formacion en interculturalidad, convivencia y ciudadania, pero sobretodo en igualdad de genero.
Effect of ammonia on fine-particle pH in agricultural regions of China: comparison between urban and rural sites

Abstract. Particle acidity is a fundamental property that affects atmospheric particulate chemistry. Synchronous online monitoring was performed at two urban sites, Zhengzhou (U-ZZ) and Anyang (U-AY), and three rural sites, Anyang (R-AY), Xinxiang (R-XX), and Puyang (R-PY) in Henan Province, during a haze episode to investigate the pH value and its driving factors in the agricultural regions of China. The pH values of particles calculated by ISORROPIA-II model at rural sites were slightly higher than those at urban sites, with the median (min–max) values of 5.2 (4.8–6.9, R-PY), 5.1 (4.7–6.5, R-AY), 4.9 (4.1–6.8, R-XX), 4.8 (3.9–5.9, U-AY), and 4.5 (3.8–5.2, U-ZZ). Sensitivity tests show that TNHx (total ammonium, gas + aerosol) followed by total sulfate were the most important factors that influenced the predicted pH. Generally, particle pH increased with a cation increase and decreases in anions, temperature, and relative humidity. Similar pH values ( ∼3.0 ) at the required NHx concentrations for the five sites indicated that the presence of excess NHx was likely important for the lower acidity of PM2.5 during the severe haze episodes in this region. Moreover, the concentrations of excess NHx may drive the higher pH values at rural sites, because of the higher excess NHx concentrations at rural sites than those at urban sites. The underlying influence of regional transport on local particle pH cannot be neglected, as it differs the chemical components of PM2.5 and meteorological conditions. Air masses transported from rural and agricultural regions may enhance the particle pH value in urban aerosols given the high pH of particles and high ammonia levels. These results suggest that ammonia is urgently needed to be involved in the regional strategy for the improvement of air quality in China.
Academic Performance, Employment, and Sleep Health: A Comparison between Working and Nonworking Students

Interest in overall health and well-being of students in higher education has grown. Retention and success in college has been linked to various health aspects including sleep and alchol usage. The purpose of this study is to: 1) assess sleep health and related behaviors, 2) examine relationships between sleep health and work conditions, and 3) determine if there is a relationship between sleep health and academic performance. Because many students work in service industries due to the flexibility of these jobs, comparisons are made between students working in service industries, students working in other industries, and non-working students. The online survey data from 736 participants, representing six U.S. universities, was analyzed. Findings indicated that average grade point was associated with sleep, work hours, and household income; student employees working in the service industry had a sleep score slightly lower than students working elsewhere.
Increase of sentinel lymph node melanoma staging in The Netherlands; still room and need for further improvement

Aim: To investigate implementation of the seventh American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging with sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and associations with socioeconomic status (SES). Patients & methods: Data from The Netherlands Cancer Registry on patient and tumor characteristics were analyzed for all stage IB–II melanoma cases diagnosed 2010–2016, along with SES data from The Netherlands Institute for Social Research. Results: The proportion of SLNB-staged patients increased from 40% to 65% (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that being female, elderly, or having head-and-neck disease reduced the likelihood of SLNB staging. Conclusion: SLNB staging increased by 25% during the study period but lagged among elderly patients and those with head-and-neck melanoma. In The Netherlands, SES no longer affects SLNB staging performance.
Illicit drugs in wastewater treatment plants utilization of wastewater-based epidemiology in a Brazilian regional city

Illicit drugs, belonging to a category of contaminants of growing and threatening concern, must be taken into account in environmental management due to their social and public health risks. Wastewater-based epidemiology consists in acquiring relevant information about the lifestyle and health status of the population through the analysis of wastewater samples collected at the influent of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). This method has been applied to the analysis of influent samples from 4 WWTPs located in Rio de Janeiro Municipality, Brazil, in order to investigate the presence of illicit drugs and their metabolites. These included cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BE, cocaine metabolite), amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (METH), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH, THC metabolite). Concentrations of COC and its main metabolite BE ranged from 201.3 to 2751.5 ng/L and from 630.7 to 5849.2 ng/L, respectively. Amphetamine-like stimulants ranged from 1.7 to 110.0 ng/L for AMP, and from 55.3 ng/L to 477.4 ng/L for METH. THC-COOH ranged from 188.8 to 940.2 ng/L. The concentrations found, besides being significant to public health, can potentially influence the functioning of the ecosystem. It is important to detach that COC and amphetamines (including metabolites as well) have potent pharmacological activities and their presence as complex mixtures in the environment may cause an adverse effect on aquatic organisms and in human health. However, unfortunately, there is no current regulation demanding the determination of the occurrence of these pollutants at the environment. This way, researches on the distribution pattern of these illicit drugs and their potentially harmful impact on our environment needs immediate attention and regulatory limits.
Optimal design of water distribution networks using whale optimization algorithm

ABSTRACT A new optimization technique called Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is applied for the least cost design of pipe networks. The rounded search agents of the algorithm were considered to cope with the discrete nature of pipe diameters as the decision variables in the optimization process. In addition, a new performance indicator based on both number of generations and the minimum number of evaluations is proposed to measure the performance of the optimization technique. The algorithm is applied to three pipe networks and the results are compared to that obtained by optimizing the networks using different optimization techniques and proved that WOA is a promising optimization model since it provided the least cost network design when compared to most of the optimization techniques available in the literature. However, the values of the performance indicator suggested that further research is recommended for more refinement of the algorithm for faster convergence towards the optimal solution.
A review of corporate sustainability drivers in maritime ports: a multi-stakeholder perspective

ABSTRACT Maritime ports play a pivotal role in facilitating trade, serving as key nodes in global transport chains. Competitive pressure exists for port managers and operators to search for ways to deliver consistent improvements in productivity and profitability. Additionally, external effects associated with port activities have been given more attention in recent years, thus favouring a holistic integration of sustainability into port planning and operations. In this process, factors driving ports to become more sustainable need to be examined. This study, which is based on a systematic review of literature published since 1987, synthesizes various research perspectives for corporate sustainability drivers in maritime ports using the lens of stakeholder theory. Thirty drivers of corporate sustainability were identified, classified into 10 main drivers and further grouped into five clusters, serving as the basis for development of a multi-stakeholder perspective. This study also discusses examples of actions taken by ports in response to perspectives of various stakeholders using selected case examples from existing literature. This study provides an understanding of how decisions for adopting corporate sustainability are motivated in ports according to a multi-stakeholder perspective, and highlights how ports have responded to shifts through developing and implementing sustainability strategies using global case examples.
Profil dan karakteristik lemak hewani (ayam, sapi dan babi) hasil analisa ftir dan gcms

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang analisa profil dan karakteristik beberapa lemak hewani sebagaistudi pendahuluan dalam rangka pengembangan metode analisa kehalalan pangan. Samplingdilakukan terhadap tiga jenis sampel jaringan lemak hewani yang meliputi lemak ayam, lemak sapidan lemak babi. Sampel jaringan lemak ayam dan sapi diperoleh dari pasar tradisional sedangkansampel jaringan lemak babi diperoleh dari Rumah Pemotongan Hewan di daerah Jakarta Timur.Masing-masing sampel jaringan lemak diekstrak dengan pemanasan langsung dan selanjutnyadianalisa sifat fisikokimianya meliputi bobot jenis, indeks bias, titik leleh, bilangan asam, bilanganiod dan bilangan penyabunan. Analisa lebih lanjut dilakukan dengan metode FTIR (FourierTransform Infra red) dan GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectromtery) untukmengidentifikasi spesifitas masing-masing lemak berdasarkan pola serapan gugus fungsi dankomposisi asam lemaknya. Hasil analisa sifat fisikokimia yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa tidakterdapat perbedaan yang cukup signifikan untuk masing-masing sampel lemak kecuali untuk titikleleh, bilangan iod dan bilangan penyabunannya. Hasil analisa FTIR menunjukkan adanyaperbedaan pola serapan yang khas pada daerah 3010, 1110-1095 dan 975-965 cm-1 yangmerepresentasikan tingkat perbedaan komposisi asam lemak pada masing-masing sampel. Hal inidiperkuat dengan hasil analisa GCMS yang membuktikan adanya perbedaan kandungan SFA(saturated fatty acid), MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acid) dan PUFA (polyunsaturated fattyacid) pada ketiga sampel.
The efficacy of various additives to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin B1 in broiler chicks

Summary Three-hundred and twenty 7-day-old Ross 308-strain broiler chickens were fed diets containing 0 or 125 ppb aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from 7 to 28 days of age. Sodium bentonite (0.5%), yeast (Saccharomyces cervisiae) 0.2%, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) (0.5%), ammonia (0.5%), formycine (0.1%), and toxiban (0.1%) were added to the basal diet, as fed basis to determine the effects of these additives against aflatoxicosis. Diet free from aflatoxin, and diet containing aflatoxin (negative control group) were considered as comparison groups. Broiler chickens were divided into 32 groups of 10 with similar mean ± SD weight of 90 ± 0.64 g. Each experimental diet was replicated 4 times during 21 days. Body weight gain, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, daily and weekly feed intake, relative weight of organs (liver, intestines, heart, proventriculus and gizzard) and total serum protein were recorded. Relative weight of organs in chickens fed with diet containing AFB1 alone were significantly greater (P<0.01) than that of those fed with other diets. Their body weight gain, daily weight gain, total serum protein concentration, however, were significantly lesser (P<0.01) compared with those fed with other diets. Experimental diets decreased the relative weight of organs in chickens fed with diets containing aflatoxin along with any of the experimental diets as compared with the negative control group. The feed conversion ratios were higher in chickens fed with diets containing aflatoxin. On the other hand, chickens receiving various additives in their diets showed an increase in body weight gains, serum total protein concentration and an improvement in the feed conversion ratio when compared with the negative control group (P<0.01). Generally, addition of the above compounds made an improvement against negative effects of AFB1 in broiler chickens. Formycine was recognized to be the best additive in this respect.
MARCHA DE ABSORÇÃO DE MACRONUTRIENTES E ACÚMULO DE MATÉRIA SECA EM MILHO

Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a marcha de absorcao de macronutrientes e o acumulo de materia seca (MS) na parte aerea de plantas de milho, em funcao dos estadios fenologicos da cultura, utilizando-se um hibrido com alto potencial de produtividade de graos (P 30F33) e outro com alto potencial de produtividade de MS (GNZ 2004). Foi utilizado o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeticoes, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo os dois hibridos dispostos nas parcelas principais e, nas subparcelas, as epocas de coleta das plantas, considerando os estadios fenologicos da cultura . As cultivares de milho acumulam MS e os seguintes nutrientes, em ordem decrescente: nitrogenio, fosforo, potassio, calcio, magnesio, enxofre, zinco e cobre ate proximo a maturidade fisiologica, quando sao obtidos os acumulos maximos. Os nutrientes sao acumulados na parte aerea do milho, em ordem decrescente: N, K, P, Ca, Mg e S. As quantidades totais de nutrientes, em quilogramas, necessarias para produzir uma tonelada de graos de milho foram: 22,3 e 27,7 kg de N; 5,3 e 5,8 kg de P; 21,3 e 23,2 kg de K; 3,6 e 3,9 kg de Ca; 2,4 e 3,5 kg de Mg; 1,3 e 1,9 kg de S, respectivamente, para os hibridos P 30F33 e GNZ 2004. O maximo acumulo de MS das folhas e das palhas de milho foi obtido no estadio fenologico 6, e no colmo, sabugos e graos, ocorreu nos estadios 9 e 10 de desenvolvimento da cultura.
Estimación del diámetro normal y del volumen del tronco a partir de las dimensiones del tocón para seis especies forestales comerciales de Galicia

Estimating diameter at breast height and stem volume from stump dimensions for six timber species in Galicia (Northwestern Spain) It becomes necessary to use stump dimensions to predict tree volume when a tree has been cut and only the stump remains as an indicator of tree size. Thus, diameter at breast height (dbh) can be predicted from stump measurements and an estimated volume can be obtained by the use of local volume equations, or stem volume can be estimated directly from stump dimensions with a specifically constructed volume equation. Regression equations for predicting dbh and stem volume from tree stump dimensions were adjusted for six of the main timber species in Galicia (Northwestern Spain) (Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Pinus pinaster Ait., Pinus radiata D. Don, Pinus sylvestris L., Quercus robur L. and Betula alba L.), using data collected on 1,450 trees cut in even-aged stands, and fitting linear and multiplicative models transformed by taking natural logarithms. Results show that stump diameter is the most related variable with dbh and stem volume. Stump height did not improve significantly the predictions, except in Betula alba. With this work a simple and important tool is offered to forest sector professionals, private owners and public institutions.
The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Traumatic Knee Injury

Introduction: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as a non-invasive modality plays a vital role in assessment of a wide spectrum of internal knee derangements. This study focuses on the commonest anatomical derangement and reveals the importance of MRI to characterize the pattern of derangement in the assessment of the patient with knee injury. Methods: This is the hospital based prospective study conducted among 65 patients referred to department of radiology with first presentation of knee injury during two years period from August, 2013 to August, 2015. Patient fulfilling the inclusion criteria underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging knee in SIEMENS MAGNETOM C 0.35 Tesla MRI machine, after taking written informed consent. Descriptive analysis of data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 program Result: Of the total 65 patients with knee injury, Sport injuries were the most common mode of knee injury. 63 cases with trauma had findings on MRI. Most of the cases presented with joint effusion (59 cases). Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tear is the commonest injury (37 cases) during knee trauma followed by Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL), Medial Meniscus, Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL), Lateral Meniscus and Lateral Collateral Ligament(LCL) injuries. Conclusion: MRI as a high-contrast soft-tissue imaging technique can be used as a noninvasive modality to assess a wide spectrum of internal knee derangements in a patient with knee injury. Specific pattern of bone bruise can guide us to narrow our diagnosis.
On-farm Evaluation of Elite Sweet Sorghum Genotypes for Grain and Stover Yields and Fodder Quality

Sweet sorghum is a multipurpose crop that comes up well under rainfed conditions in semi-arid tropics. While the stalk juice from sweet sorghum used for ethanol production, its grain is used for food and the bagasse as animal feed. The investigation had four objectives: 1) to popularize sweet sorghum as food, feed and fuel crop; 2) to identify promising sweet sorghum cultivars under on-farm conditions for use as animal feed; 3) to study the associationships between cane yield and stalk sugar traits; and 4) to assess the options for utilizing stover and fresh/dried bagasse as livestock feed. Sweet sorghum cultivation is feasible and profitable under rainfed conditions in the study area with the hybrid CSH 22 SS. Results from on-farm evaluation of elite sweet sorghum hybrids and varieties and correlation studies indicated that dryland farmers gain from whole plant use of sweet sorghum as there is no significant tradeoff between grain yield and sugar/stover yields. The genetic enhancement of sweet sorghum is justifiable as the food and fodder value of the crop is not compromised by its improvement for bio-fuel value. The effective rumen degradable dry matter (ERDDM) for sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) was 40.60 per cent and effective rumen degradable protein (ERDP) value was 55.30 per cent. The nutritive value of SSB in terms of the digestible crude protein (DCP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) in sheep was 1.02, 50.67 per cent where as in buffaloes DCP was 0.98 and TDN 51.78 percent. Results from the limited on-farm animal experiments in milch buffaloes and sheep indicate that the potential of sweet sorghum stalks in the form of stover and bagasse in fresh or ensiled form as a source of roughage is good and further long term experiments are required to confirm the same.
Far‐UV Observations of Lunar Rayed Craters with LRO‐LAMP

Using data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Lyman Alpha Mapping Project (LAMP), we investigate the spectral properties of rayed craters in the far‐ultraviolet (FUV). Because LAMP is sensitive to the uppermost layer of the lunar surface and regolith grains, it is ideal for characterizing regolith maturity and space weathering products such as submicroscopic iron. We find that crater rays from a survey of the largest Copernican‐age craters have high Off‐band (155–190 nm)/On‐band (130–155 nm) albedo (Off/On) LAMP product ratios, consistent with immature regolith and low amounts of submicroscopic iron. The Off/On ratio of the highlands crater rays decreases linearly over time (0.095 per 100 My), and we use this trend to estimate the age of Jackson crater (~152 My). Some large young highlands craters (e.g., Tycho, Jackson, Giordano Bruno, and Necho) display lower ratio halos around the crater cavity, at regions where previous studies have suggested abundant impact melt exists. The lower Off/On ratio is likely due to the increased glass component of the regolith at these highlands regions, which would act to increase absorption at Off‐band wavelengths. We also find that ejecta blankets from large maria craters (e.g., Copernicus and Aristillus) have a similar Off/On ratio to the mature background highlands. This supports previous findings that determined that the rays from these craters are composed of highlands material excavated from beneath the maria and subsequently weathered to maturity.