Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Personality on Code Reuse

The ubiquity and necessity of computer software requires programmers to reuse extant code to keep up with increasing software demands. Researchers have started to investigate the underlying psychological processes and the programmer characteristics affecting code reuse. The present study investigated the role of programmer personality (propensity to trust, suspicion propensity) on willingness to reuse code. Programmers were recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Programmers completed propensity to trust and suspicion personality inventories and were subsequently presented with 18 pieces of computer code containing transparency and reputation manipulations. The results demonstrated that propensity to trust did not influence willingness to reuse code. However, facets of suspicion propensity did affect reuse willingness. Programmers lower in trait mal-intent perceptions and higher in cognitive activity were more likely to report they would reuse code. Implications and applications are discussed.
Could a municipal reform lead to cost savings? An essay on the relationship between population size and municipal costs

The essay estimates the relation between population size and municipal costs. Whether the efficiency in service provision in municipalities is depending on population size is discussed in Sweden as well as other countries. The relation is measured using two measures for total costs and two measures for “fixed costs” associated with having an additional decision level. The result give some support for a negative relation between costs and population size, but is sensitive to the cost measure and model specification. Whether the municipality is located in a rural or urban region is of importance for the results, which highlights the need of looking beyond population size in the discussion on municipal amalgamations
Best waveform score for diagnosing keratoconus Técnica para diagnosticar o ceratocone

Purpose: To test whether corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) can discriminate between keratoconus and normal eyes and to evaluate whether the averages of two consecutive measurements perform differently from the one with the best waveform score (WS) for diagnosing keratoconus. Methods: ORA measurements for one eye per individual were selected randomly from 53 normal patients and from 27 patients with keratoconus. Two groups were considered the average (CH-Avg, CRF-Avg) and best waveform score (CH-WS, CRF-WS) groups. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to evaluate whether the variables had similar distributions in the Normal and Keratoconus groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were calculated for each parameter to assess the efficacy for diagnosing keratoconus and the same obtained for each variable were compared pairwise using the Hanley–McNeil test. Results: The CH-Avg, CRF-Avg, CH-WS and CRF-WS differed significantly between the normal and keratoconus groups (p<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve (AUROC) for CH-Avg, CRF-Avg, CH-WS, and CRF-WS were 0.824, 0.873, 0.891, and 0.931, respectively. CH-WS and CRF-WS had significantly better AUROCs than CH-Avg and CRF-Avg, respectively (p=0.001 and 0.002). Conclusion: The analysis of the biomechanical properties of the cornea through the ORA method has proved to be an important aid in the diagnosis of keratoconus, regardless of the method used. The best waveform score (WS) measurements were superior to the average of consecutive ORA measurements for diagnosing keratoconus.
Opportunities for reducing volatile organic compound emissions in manufacturing office furniture partitions: a feasibility analysis

A feasibility analysis is reported of reduction opportunities for volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions in manufacturing office furniture partitions. The pollution prevention (P2) methodology as defined by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment is utilized. The purpose is to provide a VOC P2 plan for manufacturing office furniture partitions, but the concepts can be generally applied to the wood furniture industry. Baseline VOC emissions for a typical plant are estimated using a mass balance approach. The feasibility analysis expands on a preliminary screening to identify viable P2 options using realistic criteria and weightings, and is based on technical, environmental and economic considerations. The measures deemed to be feasible include the implementation of several best management practices, ceasing the painting of non-visible parts, switching to hot melt backwrapping glue, application of solvent recycling and modification of the mechanical clip attachment. Implementation, measurement and control plans are discussed for the measures considered feasible.
fermenting S . cerevisiae strain reveals mutations in GAL 2 that enable glucose-insensitive l-arabinose uptake

Cas9-assisted genome editing was used to construct an engineered glucose-phosphorylation-negative S. cerevisiae strain, expressing the Lactobacillus plantarum l-arabinose pathway and the Penicillium chrysogenum transporter PcAraT. This strain, which showed a growth rate of 0.26 h−1 on l-arabinose in aerobic batch cultures, was subsequently evolved for anaerobic growth on l-arabinose in the presence of d-glucose and d-xylose. In four strains isolated from two independent evolution experiments the galactose-transporter gene GAL2 had been duplicated, with all alleles encoding Gal2N376T or Gal2N376I substitutions. In one strain, a single GAL2 allele additionally encoded a Gal2T89I substitution, which was subsequently also detected in the independently evolved strain IMS0010. In 14C-sugar-transport assays, Gal2N376S, Gal2N376T and Gal2N376I substitutions showed a much lower glucose sensitivity of l-arabinose transport and a much higher Km for d-glucose transport than wild-type Gal2. Introduction of the Gal2N376I substitution in a non-evolved strain enabled growth on l-arabinose in the presence of d-glucose. Gal2N376T, T89I and Gal2T89I variants showed a lower Km for l-arabinose and a higher Km for d-glucose than wild-type Gal2, while reverting Gal2N376T, T89I to Gal2N376 in an evolved strain negatively affected anaerobic growth on l-arabinose. This study indicates that optimal conversion of mixed-sugar feedstocks may require complex ‘transporter landscapes’, consisting of sugar transporters with complementary kinetic and regulatory properties. Received: 25 April 2018; Accepted: 30 May 2018 C © FEMS 2018. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com 1 D ow naded rom http/academ ic.p.com fem syr/article-ab18/6/foy062/5026172 by U niersity Lrary user on 17 Sptem er 2018 2 FEMS Yeast Research, 2018, Vol. 18, No. 6
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Exploring topic structure : Coherence , diversity and relatedness

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
Search Engine Customization and Data Set Builder

There are two core objectives in this work: firstly, to build a data set, and secondly, to customize a search engine. The first objective is to design and implement a data set builder. There are two steps required for this. The first step is to build a crawler. The second step is to include a cleaner. The crawler collects Web links. The cleaner extracts the main content and removes noise from the files crawled. The goal of this application is crawling Web news sites to find the different sources of the news and retrieve the original articles. The second core objective is to customize a search engine. There are two steps required for this. The first step is to enhance the functionalities of the search engine. The second step is to integrate the enhanced search engine with a different knowledge management platform. In order to enhance the search engine, meta-information is added to its index, and the retrieval process is modified so that the selection of documents to be retrieved takes into account this new meta-information. The integration of the search engine to a different knowledge platform is a requirement of this project, so that pre-existing repositories of knowledge can interact with the search engine in an efficient and effective way. This integration also includes the development of a front-end that will allow users to utilize the search engine. The goal ofthis application is to provide the users with a convenient environment that allows retrieving information depending on meta-information.
Singular left-definite Hamiltonian systems in the Sobolev space

This paper is devoted to construct Weyl’s theory for the singular left-definite even-order Hamiltonian systems in the corresponding Sobolev space. In particular, it is proved that there exist at least n-linearly independent solutions in the Sobolev space for the 2n-dimensional Hamiltonian system. c ©2017 All rights reserved.
Understanding Open Knowledge in China: A Chinese Approach to Openness?

Abstract This paper examines the development of open knowledge in China through two case studies: the development of Chinese open access (OA) journals, and national-level OA repositories. Open access and open knowledge are emerging as a site of both grass-roots activism, and top-down intervention in the practices of scholarship and scholarly publishing in China. Although the language, vision and strategies of the global open knowledge movement are undoubtedly present, so too are the messy realities of open access and open knowledge innovation in a local context. In attempting to position open access developments in China within a diverse and contested global landscape of open knowledge innovation we draw on Moore’s (2017) conception of open access as a boundary object: an object that is understood differently within individual communities but which maintains enough structure to be understood between communities (Moore 2017; Star and Griesemer 1989). Viewed as a boundary object, the concept of open knowledge is making it possible for China to engage with the global open knowledge movement, as a beneficiary of the innovation of others, and as an open knowledge innovator in its own right.
On the effects of changes in group status

Change is a very frequent sociopsychological phenomenon, that we notice when transformations from minority to majority, high to low social status, weak to strong social position and vice versa are being conducted. Causes of change are described in literature dealing with attitudes and persuasion, group dynamics, conformity and group development. But we lack information on consequences of change. This article describes three subjects related to this problem: (i) assessment and evaluation of personal change, (ii) assessment and evaluation of social change and (iii) reactions to change-related agents in a group context. The author introduces a series of experiments based on loss-gain asymmetry (Tversky & Kahneman, 1991). The results implicate that assessment and evaluation of change is influ- enced by different agents such as the direction of comparison (comparing past to present or vice versa), desirability of stability or change of attitudes, maintaining positive views about the self or the group, and gain or loss of group status or power. The change of group status leads to change in the perception of group-self similarity and group attraction, expectancies about future group interactions and group self-evaluation. Change of group status and power is a central determinant of intergroup relations.
Direct multi-resolution estimation of ego-motion and structure from motion

The paper describes an iterative algorithm that estimates the motion of a camera through an environment directly from brightness derivatives of an image pair. A global ego-motion constraint is combined with the local brightness constancy constraint to relate local surface models with the global ego-motion model and local brightness derivatives. In an iterative process, the author first refines the local surface models using the ego-motion as a constraint, and then refines the ego-motion model using the local surface models as constraints. He performs this analysis at multiple resolutions. He shows how information from local corner-like and edge-like image structures contribute to the refinement of the global ego-motion estimate, and how the ego-motion constraint can help resolve local motion ambiguities that arise from the aperture problem. Results of the algorithm are shown on uncalibrated outdoor image sequences, and also on a computer-rendered image sequence. <<ETX>>
What has been the impact of fiscal policy on long-term interest rates in New Zealand?

Understanding the impact of fiscal policy on long-term interest rates has important implications for economic policy-makers. This empirical study discovers a strong positive long-run relationship between fiscal policy and long-term interest rates in a New Zealand context. The results are consistent with the ‘conventional view’ of the effects of government debt on interest rates, as they suggest budget deficits ‘crowd out’ interest sensitive components of investment. Over the long run a lower capital stock is likely to impact negatively on New Zealand’s rate of economic growth. Further, in the short run, it suggests fiscal policy may have prevented monetary policy from properly managing interest rates. 1 I would like to thank the University of Otago, Department of Economics for providing financial support in the form of the Donald Reid Summer Dissertation Award. Also, thank you to Robert Alexander (supervisor), Dorian Owen and Erkin Bairam for valuable comments and feedback. All errors are the responsibility of the author.
Polysiloxane-Based Side Chain Liquid Crystal Polymers: From Synthesis to Structure–Phase Transition Behavior Relationships

Organosilicon polymer materials play an important role in certain applications due to characteristics of much lower glass transition temperatures (Tg), viscosities, surface energy, as well as good mechanical, thermal stabilities, and insulation performance stemming from the higher bond energy and the larger bond angles of the adjacent silicon-oxygen bond. This critical review highlights developments in the synthesis, structure, and phase transition behaviors of polysiloxane-based side chain liquid crystal polymers (PSCLCPs) of linear and cyclic polysiloxanes containing homopolymers and copolymers. Detailed synthetic strategies are elaborated, and the relationship between molecular structures and liquid crystalline phase transition behaviors is systematically discussed, providing theoretical guidance on the molecular design of the materials.
Skew left braces of nilpotent type

We study series of left ideals of skew left braces that are analogs of upper central series of groups. These concepts allow us to define left and right nilpotent skew left braces. Several results related to these concepts are proved and applications to infinite left braces are given. Indecomposable solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation are explored using the structure of skew left braces.
Structure, regeneration and growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands with respect to changing climate and environmental pollution

Changes in the structure and development of managed Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands with respect to changing environmental conditions were set for the period 1979–2015. The study was conducted in conditions of natural pinewoods and pine-oak sites on five permanent research plots (0.25 ha) in Eastern Bohemia, Czech Republic (CR). Studied forest stands showed positive development of stand structural characteristics related to their diversity, number of regeneration individuals and growth characteristics. The standing volume of regularly distributed tree layer in 2015 was in the range of 320–434 m3 ha–1, which indicates an increase by 5.9–20.0% over 10 years. Correlation between pine radial increment and the amount of precipitation was generally the strongest one. Positive statistically significant correlation between diameter increment and temperature was demonstrated only for the average March temperature of the current year. Within the CR, study site can be characterised as a medium polluted area both for sulphur and nitrogen, despite this SO2 concentrations and N deposition in combination with extreme climate events caused severe defoliation in pine stands. Conversely, radial growth was positively significantly correlated with mean NOx concentrations. Drought mainly in combination with even medium environmental pollution can further worsen the health status of pine stands in lowland areas of Central Europe. Thus, formulation of silvicultural techniques able to mitigate the impact of these stress factors is needed.
Quantum walk search on Kronecker graphs

Kronecker graphs, obtained by repeatedly performing the Kronecker product of the adjacency matrix of an "initiator" graph with itself, have risen in popularity in network science due to their ability to generate complex networks with real-world properties. In this paper, we explore spatial search by continuous-time quantum walk on Kronecker graphs. Specifically, we give analytical proofs for quantum search on first-, second-, and third-order Kronecker graphs with the complete graph as the initiator, showing that search takes Grover's $O(\sqrt{N})$ time. Numerical simulations indicate that higher-order Kronecker graphs with the complete initiator also support optimal quantum search.
English 2018 Experiments with Universal CEFR Classification

The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) guidelines describe language proficiency of learners on a scale of 6 levels. While the description of CEFR guidelines is generic across languages, the development of automated proficiency classification systems for different languages follow different approaches. In this paper, we explore universal CEFR classification using domainspecific and domainagnostic, theory-guided as well as data-driven features. We report the results of our preliminary experiments in monolingual, cross-lingual, and multilingual classification with three languages: German, Czech, and Italian. Our results show that both monolingual and multilingual models achieve similar performance, and crosslingual classification yields lower, but comparable results to monolingual classification. Disciplines Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education | Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research | Language and Literacy Education Comments This is a pre-print made available through arxiv: arXiv:1804.06636v1 . This conference proceeding is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/engl_conf/9 Experiments with Universal CEFR Classification Sowmya Vajjala Applied Linguistics and Technology Program Iowa State University, USA sowmya@iastate.edu Taraka Rama Department of Informatics University of Oslo, Norway
The potential of planets orbiting red dwarf stars to support oxygenic photosynthesis and complex life

Abstract We review the latest findings on extra-solar planets and their potential of having environmental conditions that could support Earth-like life. Focusing on planets orbiting red dwarf (RD) stars, the most abundant stellar type in the Milky Way, we show that including RDs as potential life supporting host stars could increase the probability of finding biotic planets by a factor of up to a thousand, and reduce the estimate of the distance to our nearest biotic neighbour by up to 10. We argue that binary and multiple star systems need to be taken into account when discussing habitability and the abundance of biotic exoplanets, in particular RDs in such systems. Early considerations indicated that conditions on RD planets would be inimical to life, as their habitable zones would be so close to the host star as to make planets tidally locked. This was thought to cause an erratic climate and expose life forms to flares of ionizing radiation. Recent calculations show that these negative factors are less severe than originally thought. It has also been argued that the lesser photon energy of the radiation of the relatively cool RDs would not suffice for oxygenic photosynthesis (OP) and other related energy expending reactions. Numerous authors suggest that OP on RD planets may evolve to utilize photons in the infrared. We however argue, by analogy to the evolution of OP and the environmental physiology and distribution of land-based vegetation on Earth, that the evolutionary pressure to utilize infrared radiation would be small. This is because vegetation on RD planets could enjoy continuous illumination of moderate intensity, containing a significant component of photosynthetic 400–700 nm radiation. We conclude that conditions for OP could exist on RD planets and consequently the evolution of complex life might be possible. Furthermore, the huge number and the long lifetime of RDs make it more likely to find planets with photosynthesis and life around RDs than around Solar type stars.
Explicitation and directionality in simultaneous interpreting

The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between explicitation and directionality in simultaneous interpreting. Given that explicitation in this mode of interpretation is often triggered by the constraints inherent in the process of interpreting, it has been hypothesized that explicitating shifts might be more frequent in retour, which is considered to be more demanding. The study is both product-and process-oriented, relying on recordings and transcripts of interpreting outputs as well as retrospective protocols. The participants in the study were 36 advanced interpreting students. The analysed forms of explicitation range from cohesive explicitation (e.g. adding connectives, reiteration, etc.), through substituting nominalisations with verb phrases and disambiguating lexical metaphors, to inserting explanatory remarks. The present paper is aimed to be a pilot study for a larger project in progress.
Convolutions of Distributions With Exponential and Subexponential Tails

Distribution tails F(t) = F(t, ∞) are considered for which and as t → ∞. A real analytic proof is obtained of a theorem by Chover, Wainger and Ney, namely that . In doing so, a technique is introduced which provides many other results with a minimum of analysis. One such result strengthens and generalizes the various known results on distribution tails of random sums. Additionally, the closure and factorization properties for subexponential distributions are investigated further and extended to distributions with exponential tails.