Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Asset-backed Securities and Financial Performance of Listed Commercial Banks in Kenya

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between asset-backed securities and financial performance of listed commercial banks in Kenya.Methodology: Descriptive survey research design was used. The target population was the listed commercial banks that are in Kenya. Census technique was applied in the study. Data was collected from 11 listed commercial banks in Kenya using closed-ended questionnaire. The required information was provided by all risk managers, finance managers, compliance managers and operations managers. To ensure validity and reliability, questionnaires were pre-tested with non-listed commercial banks in Kenya. The coded data was analyzed quantitatively where mean, percentage and standard deviation were computed while linear and multiple regression analysis were used to test the hypothesis, and information presented using Tables.Results: The findings showed that many banks either generally agreed with the statements on the questionnaires. The influence of asset-based securities on financial performance was at a mean 3.8227 and standard deviation of 1.38128. The adjusted R square value of 0.824 implied that asset backed securities predicted 82.4% of the variability in the financial performance. Therefore, asset backed securities could be used to predict financial performance.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: This study contributed the outcome of the relationship between asset-backed securities and financial performance of listed commercial banks in Kenya. Banks will be able to use securitization to free up with-held bank’s capital in loans hence re-investing the capital in other ventures leading to improved financial performance. Commercial banks are recommended to issue more asset backed securities and there should be policies developed to guide commercial banks on asset backed securities This is because asset backed securities can partake in improving the capital structure of business banks in Kenya, thus, improving benefit and avoiding the base capital guideline edge.
Avian Cardiovascular Disease Characteristics, Causes and Genomics

Cardiovascular disease is common in avian species and increasing commercial economic losses and demand for healthcare in the household/smallholding veterinary sector has resulted in increased research into these disorders. This in turn has highlighted the importance of breeding, genetic testing and possibilities for future prognostic and diagnostic testing. Research into avian cardiovascular genetics has rapidly accelerated. Previously much work was undertaken in mammals with information extrapolated and transferred to birds. Birds have also been used to model cardiovascular disease and therefore knowledge has become enriched due to this endeavour. Increasingly, the avian genome is being analysed in its own right. This work is assisted by the growing number of avian genomes being published. In 2015, Nature published news on the ‘Bird 10K’ project, which aims to sequence 10,500 extant bird species. By 2018, the Avian Genomes Consortium had published the sequences of 45 species/34 orders. This review investi-gates a range of avian cardiovascular disorders in order to highlight their pathologies, epidemiology and genetics in addition to avian models of heart disease. With the avail-ability of more reference genomes, increases in the number and magnitude of avian stud- ies and more advanced technologies, the genetics behind avian cardiovascular disorders is being unravelled.
Discovering and analysing lexical variation in social media text

For many speakers of non-standard or minority language varieties, social media provides an unprecedented opportunity to write in a way which reflects their everyday speech, without censorship or castigation. Social media also functions as a platform for the construction, communication, and consolidation of personal and group identities, and sociolinguistic variation is an important resource that can be put to work in these processes. The ease and efficiency with which vast social media datasets can be collected make them fertile ground for large-scale quantitative sociolinguistic analyses, and this is a growing research area. However, the limited meta-data associated with social media posts often makes it difficult to control for potential confounding factors and to assess the generalisability of results. The aims of this thesis are to advance methodologies for discovering and analysing patterns of sociolinguistic variation in social media text, and to apply them in order to answer questions about social factors that condition the use of Scots and Scottish English on Twitter. The Anglic language varieties spoken in Scotland are often conceptualised as a continuum extending from Scots at one end to Standard English at the other, with Scottish English in between. There is a large degree of overlap in grammar and vocabulary across the whole continuum, and people fluidly shift up and down it depending on the social context. It can therefore be difficult to classify a short utterance as unequivocally Scots or English. For this reason we focus on the lexical level, using a data-driven method to identify words which are distinctive to tweets from Scotland. These include both centuries-old Scots words attested in dictionaries, and newer forms not yet recorded in dictionaries, including innovative variant spellings, contractions, and acronyms for common Scottish turns of phrase. We first investigate a hypothesised relationship between support for Scottish independence and distinctively Scottish vocabulary use, revealing that Twitter users who favoured hashtags associated with support for Scottish independence in the lead up to the 2014 Scottish Independence Referendum used distinctively Scottish lexical variants at higher rates than those who favoured anti-independence hashtags. We also test the hypothesis that when specifically discussing the referendum, people might increase their Scots usage in order to project a stronger Scottish identity or to emphasise Scottish cultural distinctiveness, but find no evidence to suggest this is a widespread phenomenon on Twitter. In fact, our results indicate that people are significantly more likely to use distinctively Scottish vocabulary in everyday chitchat on Twitter than when discussing Scottish independence. We build on the methodologies of previous
Caloplaca sol (Teloschistaceae), a new coastal lichen from Great Britain

Abstract Caloplaca sol is described as a new species from limestone and basic siliceous rocks on the southern and western coasts of Great Britain. It is characterized by a well-developed, crustose, non-placodioid, epilithic, cracked, orange-yellow thallus, almost concolorous apothecia up to 0·66 mm diameter, and ascospores c. 11·0–12·2–13·0 µm long with a septum c. 0·4×the ascospore length. Caloplaca dalmatica is related but differs in the endolithic or only thinly epilithic thallus. Caloplaca marina is darker orange in colour, with more convex areoles, and is mostly confined to the splash zone of the seashore. Caloplaca maritima differs in the typically more convex, sometimes isolated areoles, and often in the presence of a crenulate thalline margin in young apothecia. Caloplaca itiana is newly reported from Great Britain from coastal limestone; it differs from C. sol in the thallus being endolithic or almost so, and from C. dalmatica in the more completely endolithic thallus and the larger ascospores.
Tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia in oral squamous cell carcinoma – A predictable biological behavior

Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity is the most common aggressive epithelial malignant neoplasm. Its biological behavior is influenced by the host immune cells, such as multifaceted eosinophils, associated with wound healing and tissue damage processes. Their presence within a variety of human cancers raises queries about their role. The infiltrations of tumor stroma by eosinophils are believed to play a significant role in progression of the carcinoma and could be either a potential diagnostic tool for stromal invasion or as a prognostic indicator. Its role in cancer still remains unclear since in the literature, there are very few studies showing improved prognosis and few contradictory studies showing poor prognosis. This study was conducted with an aim to compare the tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal tissue and to correlate the expression in different grades of carcinoma using a special stain that targets eosinophils exclusively and vividly. Materials and Methods: The study includes 30 samples, six normal, and 24 histopathologically diagnosed with OSCC. 5 μ thick sections were made and stained using special stain and examined under high power (×40), ten consecutive microscopic fields were studied. The average numbers of eosinophils were statistically analyzed. Results: Eosinophil count for carcinoma was higher compared to normal mucosa, but the comparison in different grades of cancer did not show much difference. Conclusion: Since eosinophil count was higher in carcinoma, eosinophil infiltration in dysplastic cases should prompt thorough evaluation for invasiveness.
Risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among university students in Barranquilla , Colombia , 2019 Comportamientos sexuales riesgosos y factores asociados entre estudiantes universitarios en Barranquilla , Colombia , 2019

Introduction: Adolescents and young adults are frequently involved in risky sexual behavior (unprotected sex, sex with casual partners, promiscuity, early sexual initiation, etc.) bringing with them, unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections, suicides, abortions, academic and labor affectations. The objective of the study was to identify risky sexual behaviors and associated factors in students at a university in Barranquilla, 2019. Materials and methods: Study descriptive-correlational cross-sectional, the sexual risk survey was used, which evaluated risky sexual behavior in university students of Barranquilla in the last six months, were generated correlation coefficients Chi-square Pearson (95% confidence level; p≤0.05) to measure the association between sexual risk scores and sociodemographic and academic factors. Results: 63% of participants initiated sexual activity before the age of 18. The 87% have participated one or more times in risky sexual behaviors: vaginal sex without a condom (73%), fellatio without a condom (60.3%), number of partners with whom they have sexual behaviors (66.2%) and unexpected sexual experiences (54.4%). Men and law students had higher sexual risk scores than women and nursing students. Conclusion: The university students are at risk and participating in risky sexual behavior, which could affect their health and life Project. The major risk factors were; early sex, gender, age >20 years, risky sexual practices such as vaginal, oral, and anal unprotected sex and impulsive and unplanned sexual behaviors.
Festivals Post Covid-19

Abstract Festivals have become a part of the cultural fabric of global society and a tourism and leisure pursuit that is participated in by many. The COVID-19 crisis has meant that many festivals in 2020 have been canceled or postponed. But what are the long term impacts for the future of the industry, and accessibility to these events? Will greater restrictions be placed on licensing, with a maximum number of attendees allowed? Will there be a certification scheme for attendees and participants based on current testing methods for COVID-19? Will festivals become more ‘exclusive’, or will there be more smaller-scale accessible organizations that work within a new ‘sharing economy’? This paper explores some of the issues and possibilities for the future of the festivals industry by using an ecological economist’s view of the potential shift in economic paradigms as outcomes of the pandemic.
Evaluation of proline, soluble sugar and ABA content in soybean Glycine max (L.) under drought stress memory

Drought stress memory in plant can alter their physiological, biochemical and molecular to a subsequent stress. An experiment was conducted to determine biochemical parameters of soybean seedlings under drought stress memory. 14-days-old soybean seedlings were subjected to three consecutive water deficit phases (D1, D2, D3), each phase recovered by re-watering (R1, R2, R3), and control plant watering daily (R0). Leave of seedlings from these phases were collected and analyzed. Significantly increasing contents of soluble sugar and proline observed at the first drought stress. After the first re-water and continuous stress phases, these indicator contents decreased and maintained at a relatively stable level. Expression level of two memory genes encoded to transcription factor (NAC09 and NAC109) and one gene encoded enzyme Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS1) were increased in the first stress and decreased in third stress. Our results demonstrate that changing of biochemical parameters of soybean seedlings can be seen as the strong indications of “drought stress memory”. This result may serve as a reference platform to study advanced researches at molecular and genetic levels.
Contribution of Multiple Intelligences to L2 Writing of EFL Learners

The present study was carried out to unveil the predictive power of multiple-intelligences (MI) in accounting for different components of L2 writing. To do so, through an OPT, 120 intermediate EFL learners were selected. In one class session, the researcher gave McKenzie's (1999) MI questionnaire to the learners and asked them to fill out the questionnaire. In the subsequent session, the participants were asked to write an argumentative essay about a topic within 60 minutes. The learners' writings were scored from 1 to 4 based on each component of writing under question (i.e., content, organization, cohesion, vocabulary, grammar, spelling, and pronunciation). Finally, the learners' answers to the questionnaire were quantified and their performances on the writing test were scored by two raters (and the inter-rater reliability calculated through Pearson correlation equaled .86). Multivariate regression in AMOS (version 22) was used to analyze the data, and to show which types of MIs contributed more to different aspects of L2 writing. The results of this investigation showed that certain types of multiple-intelligences affected certain components of the students’ writing. More precisely, it was unraveled that logical and musical intelligences contributed more to the relevance and adequacy of content; on the other hand, verbal, musical, and naturalistic intelligences bore effects on learners' writing organization; logical, existential, and verbal intelligences played a significant part in the learners' cohesion; logical and intrapersonal intelligences contributed more to the adequacy of vocabulary for purpose; musical, logical and intrapersonal intelligences could significantly account for the grammar of written productions; visual and kinesthetic intelligences were most effective in the punctuation components of L2 writings; finally, EFL learners' spelling was influenced by logical, musical, existential, and interpersonal intelligences. The results of the study bear significant implications for L2 writing researchers and teachers.
Is Capacity Utilization Variable in the Long Run? An Agent-Based Sectoral Approach to Modeling Hysteresis in the Normal Rate of Capacity Utilization

ost Keynesian macrodynamic models make various assumptions about the normal rate of capacity utilization. Those rooted in the Classical and neo-Keynesian traditions assume the normal rate is fixed, whereas Kaleckian models treat it as a variable that is endogenous to the actual rate of capacity utilization. This paper contributes to the debate about the normal rate of capacity utilization by developing a model of strong or genuine hysteresis, in which firms make discrete decisions about the normal rate depending on the degree of uncertainty about demand conditions. An agent-based model based on empirical analysis of 25 sectors of the US economy is used to show that hysteresis can cause variation in the normal rate of capacity utilization within a subset of the range of observed variation in the actual capacity utilization rate. This suggests that the economy exhibits both constancy and (endogenous) variability in the normal rate of utilization over different ranges of variation in the actual rate. More broadly speaking, the genuine hysteresis model is shown to provide the basis for a synthesis of Post Keynesian macrodynamics that draws on both the Classical/neo-Keynesian and Kaleckian modeling traditions.
How is Uniqueness Understood among International Students in Turkey An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Although the literature on uniqueness has emphasized that it is unique to the Western culture, recent studies have indicated that the need for uniqueness is getting more familiar to the Eastern culture. The current study aimed to get a deeper understanding of uniqueness by investigating the concept among international students. Primarily, the perception and evaluation of uniqueness by participants from other cultures is investigated. The data were collected from seven international undergraduate students studying in Turkey. The interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the participant accounts. The IPA is a qualitative analysis tool that aimed to investigate the meanings of particular experiences. The results revealed that there were three final themes: “Who is unique? Extraordinary, intelligent and different” “Ordinary: You are safe but routine” and “Turkey and home country: We have Nelson Mandela; you have Mustafa Kemal Atatürk”. It was indicated that uniqueness is seen as exceptional and distinctive, but it is something to be achieved in time. On the other hand, ordinary people were criticized for conforming to the norms, besides the advantage of a comfortable life. The results were discussed in relation to the experiences of international students and the differences between cultures.
MOF Encapsulation of Ru Olefin Metathesis Catalysts to Block Catalyst Decomposition

In the present work, a catalyst variation of the second-generation Hoveyda–Grubbs catalyst, particularly the ammonium-tagged Ru-alkylidene metathesis catalyst AquaMetTM, is under study, not simply to increase the efficiency in olefin metathesis but also the solubility in polar solvents. Moreover, this ionic catalyst was combined with the metal organic framework (MOF) (Cr)MIL-101-SO3−(Na·15-crown-5)+. We started from the experimental results by Grela et al., who increased the performance when the ruthenium catalyst was confined inside the cavities of the MOF, achieving non-covalent interactions between both moieties. Here, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the role of the ammonium N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) tagged and the confinement effects are checked. The kinetics are used to compare reaction profiles, whereas SambVca steric maps and NCI plots are used to characterize the role of the MOF structurally and electronically.
Fetomaternal outcome in elderly primigravida

Background: Elderly primigravida is defined as women thirty five years of age or above who is pregnant for the first time. The advancement in the artificial reproductive technology have played an important part in delaying the pregnancy. Maternal age is no longer only important factor in women wishing for conception. Nevertheless the increased fetomaternal complication and consideration as a high risk leading to early intervention among these age group is of concern. Objective: The objective of the study was to find out incidence and to determine fetomaternal outcome in elderly primigravida. Materials and Methods: The study was cross sectional, conducted in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur over a period of one and half year. Elderly primigravida admitted at term in hospital were studied for fetomaternal outcome. Results: Of 17890 delivery during the study period, 280 were elderly primigravida giving an incidence of 1.8%. Based on inclusion criteria, 166 were enrolled in study. Maternal compilation seen were, Oligohydraminos 6.02%, Gestational hypertension 3.01%, Breech presentation 6.03% , PROM 4.2%, Placenta Praevia 2.4%, Gestational diabetes mellitus 0.6% and Twin gestation 2.4%. Caesarean rate was 67.5% of which 62.5% was done for cephalopelvic disproportion. 5.3% baby was low birth weight. Conclusion: Although fetomaternal complication in Elderly Primigravida is increased, with adequate antenatal care, early recognition of complication and timely intervention, optimum outcome can be expected. Further conclusion drawn from this study is rate of Caesarean section which is of concern and needs to be further assessed. Keywords: Elderly primigravida, Caesarean section, Complications.
Assessment of Difficult Intubation Predictors in Different Populations of Turkey

Difficult tracheal intubation is defined when tracheal intubation requires multiple attempts, in the presence or absence of tracheal pathology. Most importantly, difficult intubation differs between countries and populations. Physicians should be aware of difficult intubation frequencies of their populations. Turkey is a transit country between East and West. Eastern Turkey reflects the Middle East and Asia, while western Turkey has European features. Our objectives were to investigate the frequency of difficult intubation in different regions’ populations, and specificity and sensitivity of predictive values. According to the population in the regions, 24 experienced anesthesiologists from 13 hospitals in 7 regions, were included in the study. Of 1313 patients, 143 patients (10.89%) were detected as difficult intubation. Mallampathy (MLP) III-IV were alone (p = 0.043), and the combination of thyromental distance <6 cm and MLP III-IV (p: 0.018) were statistically significant in difficult and easy intubation patient groups. The specificity was 97.46% in MLP + thyromental combination, and 98.05% in MLP + mouth opening combination. Western region had the shortest measurements in sternomental, thyromental and mouth opening (p <0.05), and had the most difficult intubation frequency compared to the other regions (p: 0.001). The positive predictive values were increased with increasing combinations, but further research is needed on the predictors of difficult intubation.
Institutional Economics and the Cost of Capital for Infrastructure Projects

ABSTRACT The growing use of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in infrastructure delivery has rekindled the public versus private cost-of-capital debate. Early debate concluded that the social cost of public-sector capital is below that of private capital because risk can be spread across numerous taxpayers. Intervening research focused on the agency costs that arise due to increased separation between equity holders and managers and the various mechanisms to control those agency costs. We analyze differences in public versus private residual claims and their associated agency costs. We conclude that earlier discussions that omitted agency-cost analysis should be revisited.