Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do social ties lead to job referrals?

A growing number of empirical papers are investigating the effects of job referrals on labor market outcomes by using social network proxies. By combining very detailed data on social networks and actual job referrals for a large number of US firms between 2004 and 2008, this paper evaluates the use of such proxies. Because firms employ several workers and workers are employed in several firms in my dataset, I make use of worker and firm fixed effects to tackle endogeneity issues. I first estimate the effect of having a social tie with an employee on the probability to be hired and find a positive effect as in the literature between 26.7 and 31.1 percentage points. I then relate the existence of social ties to the actual occurrence of job referrals and find that the important ties are the professional ones professional ties increases the likelihood to be referred by 9.5 percentage points. I finally assess the value of using social networks and referrals for recruitment by estimating workers’ ability and find that referred workers are significantly better than non-referred workers but connected workers do not significantly differ from unconnected workers suggesting that social network information might not be enough to proxy the information carried by job referrals. JEL codes: M5, M12, J21, G34
Stock analysts affiliated with debt underwriters: are they different from their counterparts at equity underwriters?

The paper compares earnings forecasts of analysts affiliated with debt underwriters to the forecasts of analysts affiliated with equity underwriters. We demonstrate that while analysts affiliated with equity underwriters produce more overly optimistic and inaccurate forecasts, analysts affiliated with debt underwriter affiliation often issue very precise, slightly pessimistic forecasts that can be marginally beaten by management. With increasing default risk, however, the behavior of debt-underwriter analysts increasingly resembles the behavior of equityunderwriter analysts. These results shed new light on the different conflicts of interest that influence analysts reporting behavior.
Anxiety sensitivity in adolescents: Factor structure and relationships to trait anxiety and symptoms of anxiety disorders and depression

The current study examined the anxiety sensitivity construct in a large sample of normal Dutch adolescents aged 13–16 years ( n=819). Children completed the Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI; Silverman, W. K., Fleisig, W., Rabian, B. & Peterson, R. A. (1991). Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 162–168) and measures of trait anxiety, anxiety disorder symptoms and depression. Results showed that (1) anxiety sensitivity as indexed by the CASI seems to be a hierarchically organized construct with one higher-order factor (i.e., anxiety sensitivity) and three or four lower-order factors, (2) anxiety sensitivity and trait anxiety were strongly correlated, (3) anxiety sensitivity was substantially connected to symptoms of anxiety disorders (in particular of panic disorder and agoraphobia) and depression, and (4) anxiety sensitivity and trait anxiety both accounted for unique proportions of the variance in anxiety disorder symptoms. Altogether these findings are in agreement with those of previous research in adult and child populations, and further support the notion that anxiety sensitivity should be viewed as an unique factor of anxiety vulnerability.  2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Influence of Mycorrhizae and Irrigation on Growth and Mineral Uptake by Corn (Zea mays L.) Seedlings in a Calcareous Soil1

A pot experiment was conducted to determine the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus aggregatum and four levels of water application on early stage of growth and nutrient uptake of corn seedlings (Zea mays L.) in a calcareous soil (Lithic Ustorthents). Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased dry biomass of shoots and roots, leaf width, chlorophyll contents, and uptake of minerals N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, B, Cu, and Zn regardless of irrigation level. Water treatments influenced leaf width, dry biomass of shoots and roots, and mineral uptake of N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Mn, and Zn, but not chlorophyll content and uptake of Fe, B, and Cu. Nonmycorrhizal plants with the lowest water exhibited the least plant growth.
Optimization of agar and glycerol concentration in the manufacture of edible film

Optimization of the formulation in the manufacture of edible film is necessary to obtain the optimum concentration of base materials and plasticizer. The research was aimed to determine the optimum concentration of agar and glycerol in the manufacture of agar-based edible film. The experiment was conducted using central composite design with three levels and five center points. The middle value for each treatment was 3% for agar and 10% for glycerol. The lower and upper limits for each treatment were 2% and 4% for agar, and 6% and 14% for glycerol. The response values of the edible film were thickness, moisture, solubility and mechanical properties. The verification of the optimum formulation is repeated three times. The optimum formulation verification data were analyzed using T test. The results showed that the optimum formulation to manufacture edible film was 2.75% agar and 6.80% glycerol with 0.98 of the desirability values. The verification of the optimum formulation on laboratory scale produced edible film was better than the results of the simulation program in terms of thickness, moisture content, solubility, and Young modulus.
Deepening Democracy Through Citizen Participation? A Comparative Analysis of Three Cities

This paper analyzes local-level participation programs in Porto Alegre, Brazil, Montevideo, Uruguay, and Caracas, Venezuela. The central argument is that three important factors affected the design of the participation program in each city: local government capacity, type of party system, and strength of community organizations. The participation program in Porto Alegre was the most accessible, wide-ranging, and decisive because its City Hall had the most capacity and because the PT faced a divided opposition and a strong community movement. Montevideo’s municipal administration had close to the same capacity as Porto Alegre’s, but the Frente Amplio encountered fierce opposition from the dominant parties in Uruguay’s two-party system and weakly articulated community organizations. In Caracas, the Causa R confronted even greater opposition from Venezuela’s dominant parties, weak community organizations, and a municipal administration lacking authority and financial resources.
Gaze patterns disclose the link between cognitive reflection and sophistication in strategic interaction

In social contexts, we refer to strategic sophistication as the ability to adapt our own behavior based on the possible actions of others. In the current study, we explore the role of other-oriented attention and cognitive reflection in explaining heterogeneity in strategic sophistication. In two eye-tracking experiments, we registered eye movements of participants while playing matrix games of increasing relational complexity (2x2 and 3x3 matrices), and we analyzed individual gaze patterns to reveal the ongoing mechanisms of integration of own and others’ incentives in the current game representation. Moreover, participants completed the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT), in addition to alternative measures of cognitive ability. In both classes of games, higher cognitive reflection levels specifically predict the ability to incorporate the counterpart’s incentives in the current model of the game, as well as higher levels of strategic sophistication. Conversely, players exhibiting low cognitive reflection tend to pay less attention to relevant transitions between the counterpart’s payoffs, and such incomplete visual analysis leads to out-of-equilibrium choices. Gaze patterns appear to completely mediate the relationship between cognitive reflection and strategic choices. Our results shed new light on the cognitive factors driving heterogeneity in strategic thinking and on theories of bounded rationality.
A deep learning based arabic script recognition system: benchmark on KHAT

This paper presents a deep learning benchmark on a complex dataset known as KFUPM Handwritten Arabic TexT (KHATT). The KHATT data-set consists of complex patterns of handwritten Arabic text-lines. This paper contributes mainly in three aspects i.e., (1) pre-processing, (2) deep learning based approach, and (3) data-augmentation. The pre-processing step includes pruning of white extra spaces plus de-skewing the skewed text-lines. We deploy a deep learning approach based on Multi-Dimensional Long Short-Term Memory (MDLSTM) networks and Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC). The MDLSTM has the advantage of scanning the Arabic text-lines in all directions (horizontal and vertical) to cover dots, diacritics, strokes and fine inflammation. The data-augmentation with a deep learning approach proves to achieve better and promising improvement in results by gaining 80.02% Character Recognition (CR) over 75.08% as baseline.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes by cDNA-AFLP in Magnaporthe oryzae

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 식물병연구 Res. Plant Dis. 25(4): 205-212 (2019) https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2019. 25.4. 205 Note Open Access
Seroprevalence of venereal disease in pregnancy: Our experience in Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa Bayelsa State Nigeria

*Corresponding Author Email: kotingolucky2009@yahoo.com In growing nations, syphilis and its congenital form remain significant public health problems that affect 10%–15% of pregnant women. To determine the Seroprevalence Venereal Disease in pregnancy and to make evidence based recommendation in our obstetric population at Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa. This is a descriptive cross sectional study. Two hundred and twenty (220) consecutive healthy pregnant women attending the antenatal booking clinic of the hospital were recruited into this study. Blood was collected and tested for qualitative detection of antibodies to Treponema Pallidium using commercially available in vitro diagnostic kits. Data was collected via a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS 22 statistical package (SPSS Inc., Illinois, USA). The predominant age group was 20-29 years (50.0%). The mean age is 28.8 years ± 5.2. The Seroprevalence of venereal disease in this study was 25.9%. The Seroprevalence of venereal disease in pregnancy is very high in our obstetric population. Early diagnosis and treatment within the first trimester of each pregnancy, on-site screening and public health awareness of this venereal disease is essential for mothers, sexual partners and unborn babies.
Clinical Outcome of Percutaneous Radiofrequency Rhizotomy for Trigeminal Neuralgia at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is a syndrome typicallyconsidered by involuntarypain in the distribution of Fifth nerve that are activated by non-noxious stimuli. Medical Treatment with anticonvulsant remained the 1st line of treatment. If the disease becomes non responsive, there are numerous surgical options like MVD or minimally invasive percutaneous lesioning of the trigeminal nerve, such as glycerol rhizolysis, Balloon Compression, Radiofrequency Rhizotomy. Objective: To determine efficacy of percutaneous Radiofrequency Rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia in terms of early pain relief in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: 62 patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia or lancinating, recurrent episodes of pain in the distribution ofOphthalmic (V1) andMandibular (V3) branches of the trigeminal nerve, not responsive to 6 months of conservative treatment were included. Result: In our study population, 62 included patients were had mean age 56.08 ± 7.39 years. 44 patients (71%) were male. Our treatment was effective in 58 patients (93.5%), while there was recurrence among 4 (6.5%) only. Conclusion: It is concluded that the efficacy of percutaneous Radiofrequency Rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia in terms of complete relief of pain with intact sensations in treated branch region is excellent (93.5%).
Incentives in Public Service: Theory and Evidence from State Supreme Courts

This paper provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of how the performance of appellate judges changes in response to changes in employment conditions. We construct a panel data set using published decisions from state supreme court cases merged with institutional and biographical information on all state supreme court judges for the 50 states of the United States from 1947 to 1994. Information from the cases is used to construct a number of measures of judicial performance. We exploit the variation in the employment conditions of judges over this period of time to measure the effect of these changes upon an individual judge’s performance. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that judges are concerned with quality, and that at the margin they prefer quality over quantity. When judges face less time pressure, they write more well-researched opinions that are cited more often by later judges. In particular, when judges are up for election performance falls, consistent with the hypothesis that election politics is time-consuming. These effects are strongest when judges have more discretion to select their case portfolio. Finally, the intrinsic preference for quality appears to be higher among judges selected by nonpartisan elections than among those selected by partisan elections. ∗Department of Economics, Columbia University. Contact: eta2103@columbia.edu, bentley.macleod@columbia.edu. We thank Gohar Harutyunyan, Montague Hung, Mithun Kamath, James Kim, Michael Kurish, Justin McNamee, Sourabh Mishra, Arielle Napoli, Bryn Paslawski, Olga Peshko, Quinton Robbins, Alex Swift, Tom Verderame, Sophie Wilkowske, John Yang, and Fred Zhu for their meticulous help in assembling data and other research assistance. Columbia University’s Program for Economic Research and the National Science Foundation Grant 1260875 provide financial support for this research.
Redistributive Effects of Inflation, Output, Unemployment and Labor Force Participation

Empirical evidence suggests that inflation has a positive effect on both output and unemployment in the long run in the United States. This paper develops a search-theoretic monetary model with heterogeneous agents in which a higher inflation rate increases both output and unemployment. The model has two key features: (i) separation between workers and employers and (ii) endogenous labor force participation. Changes in money supply redistributes consumption between employers and workers. This redistribution along with endogenous labor force participation creates a channel by which a higher inflation rate increases output, unemployment, and labor force participation. Though output rises, inflation acts as a regressive consumption tax. Consumption and welfare of workers fall. The Friedman rule does not maximize social welfare. Address: Department of Economics, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2, Email: kumara@uvic.ca
The Effect of either Aerobic Exercise Training or Chrysin Supplementation on Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Skeletal Muscle of High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

365 The Effect of either Aerobic Exercise Training or Chrysin Supplementation on Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Skeletal Muscle of High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice Kyung-Il Kim, Sang-Min An, Hee-Geun Park, Kwang-moo Lee, Wang-Lok Lee 1Department of Sport Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon; 2Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, Korea University, Sejong; Department of Physical Education, Gongju National University of Education, Gongju, Korea
Morphological and physiological responses and some WRKY genes expression in cherry rootstocks under salt stress

Aim of study: To determine morphological, physiological and molecular responses of cherry rootstocks under salt stress condition.Area of study: Konya, Turkey.Material and methods: A pot trial was conducted to assess moderate salt stress (35 mM NaCl) effects on cherry rootstocks (CAB-6P, MaxMa 14 and Mazzard). We have evaluated many morphological and physiological parameters and analyzed WRKY genes (WRKY25, WRKY33 and WRKY38) under salinity conditions.Main results: All rootstocks survived with slight leaf burn under salinity conditions and the plant growth and physiological parameters, except membrane permeability, decreased in all rootstocks. The membrane permeability increased with salinity and the lowest increment in the membrane permeability (12.17%) was in MaxMa 14, while CAB-6P and Mazzard showed higher levels of increases reaching 46.81 and 56.42%, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of WRKY25, WRKY33 and WRKY38 genes was significantly increased by salinity. The rankings of the WRKY genes expression levels among control rootstocks were: MaxMa 14 < CAB-6P < Mazzard.Research highlights: CAB-6P, MaxMa 14 and Mazzard rootstocks were found relative salt-tolerant at the moderate salinity levels and there is a cross-talk between physiological and molecular responses. Mazzard had higher tolerance to salinity shown in molecular responses. The study possesses importance for plant physiologists and cherry growers as it showed how cherry rootstocks respond to salt stress.
Insights into the Romanian Agricultural Post-Socialist Transition to Sustainability on the European Open Market

The study on the transition of agriculture in Romanian, as well as in other central and eastern European countries, from Socialist pattern to what it is today namely a market-oriented one, has been of great interest both to researchers and especially to the policy makers at both national and international levels. This interest resides in the desire to understand the changes agriculture has gone through, the effects of legislative measures, policies and EU structural funds in supporting rural and agricultural development and also to identify further optimal ways and solutions to bring this process to completion. Transition itself, as a complex process of turning into another socio-economic organization pattern is always difficult and there is no universally valid recipe to achieve it as fast and efficient as possible. Since it is not a fixed pattern and there is large variability in its specific trajectories (Lambin and Meyfroidt, 2010) we can ultimately consider it a sequence of actions, resulting in numerous plausible or less plausible results whose effects reverberate over time and sometimes into unexpected results [14]. Previous analyses of structural changes brought by the agricultural reform in post socialism period in case of many former socialist states emphasize on the repercussions on the land use, ownership, land fragmentation and decreased labour productivity [6], [1], [12]. Decreased productivity in agriculture is places Romania among the transition countries struggling to reorganize agricultural activities through farm restructuring strategies even though the option of Centre for Research on Settlements and Urbanism
EFFECT OF STRATEGIC ORIENTATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON FIRM‘S PERFORMANCE. ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENTS

The main objective of the current study is to examine the direct impact of the strategic orientation and organizational culture on the firm performance of banks operating in the Thailand. Additionally, the study has also examined the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between strategic orientation and firm performance, and between organizational culture and firm performance. The suitability of the activities of an organization is determined through innovation and strong culture, which contributes to the performance an organization (OP). A questionnaire based on structured questions was developed with reference to the objectives of the research. The data was analyzed using structural equation modelling that is regarded as technique of second generation. This is referred as second-generation technique due to some limitations of first-generation techniques. The response rate of the study is 63.4 percent. It was revealed by the results that significant and positive relation exists between hard/soft HR strategic orientations, continuance, and affective components of commitment. However, there was negative association of normative commitment with hard HR. The caring organizational attitude with its employees is regarded as soft HR and limited or rigid behavior is indicated by hard HR. The findings of the study have provided support to the proposed results.
Viscous spreading of non-Newtonian gravity currents in radial geometry

A gravity current originated by a power-law viscous fluid propagating in axisymmetric geometry on a horizontal rigid plane below a fluid of lesser density is examined. The intruding fluid is considered to have a pure power-law constitutive equation. The set of equations governing the flow is presented, under the assumption of buoyancy-viscous balance and negligible inertial forces. The conditions under which the above assumptions are valid are examined and a selfsimilar solution in terms of a nonlinear ordinary differential equation is derived for the release of a fixed volume of fluid. The space-time development of the gravity current is discussed for different flow behavior indexes.
Intracranial Low Grade Glioma: a Clinical Study of 35 Cases in a Teaching Institute

Objective: To determine the clinical manifestation and surgical outcome of patients with low grade Glioma. Material and Methods: This descriptive (cross sectional) study was done at the Neurosurgery Department, Mardan Medical Complex Mardan. The study period was March 2017 to February 2018. Patient of any age and gender presented to outpatient department or referred from some other medical facility and diagnosed as low grade Glioma on clinical and radiological grounds and later confirmed by histopathology were included. Those with high grade Glioma or other tumors of the brain were excluded from the study. Patients’ age, gender, clinical features, location of Glioma, post-operative outcome, and type of Glioma based on histopathology were recorded on predesigned Proforma. All patients were followed for one year. Results: Out of 35 patients, 20 (57%) were male and 15 (42%) were female. 20 to 80 years was the age range and mean age was 46.36 ± 17.11 years. Frontal lobe was the most frequent area of location, followed by parietal 9 (25%) and temporal 8 (22%) lobe. Pre-operativeKarnofsky score was 90 in 16 (45%), 80 in 8 (22%), 70 in 6 (17%) and 60 in 5 (14%) of patients. Gross total resection was achieved in 13 (37%), radical subtotal resection in 10 (28%), subtotal resection in 10 (28%) and biopsy taken in 02 (5%) patients. histopathology revealed Astrocytoma in 15 (42%), mixed Oligoastrocytoma in 12 (34%) and Oligodendroglioma in 8 (22%) number of patients. Post operatively surgical outcome was measured by improvement in symptomatology, Karnofsky score and seizure control. In our study Karnofsky performance score KPS improved in 11 (31.4%) deteriorate in 4 (11.4%), while in 20 (57.1%) there is no change documented. Performance score improved more in patients with gross total resection. Conclusion: Conscious level, Karnofsky Performance score, seizure control are important parameters for surgical outcome in patients with low grade Gliomas. Gross total resection of the tumor is a better option for good surgical outcome.