Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review—Diagnostic Challenges, Pathogenic Mechanisms and Effects

Depression is one of the most frequent comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis (RA); it takes an important toll on the quality of life of these patients and also leads to a decrease in life expectancy. The current article is a narrative review on depression in RA, with the objective to emphasize and raise awareness on the high prevalence, pathogenic mechanisms, and effects that depression has on RA patients. In RA, the prevalence of depression has been shown to be 2 to 3 times higher than in the general population, with a meta-analysis reporting that 16.8% of RA patients have a major depressive disorder. Future studies are needed to determine the most accurate self-reported depression questionnaires and their ideal threshold for defining depression as compared to diagnostic interview as gold-standard for patients with RA to allow better comparisons across studies. The pathogenesis of depression remains to be fully understood, but recent specialty literature suggests that immune-mediated processes are involved and that there are similarities between the neural networks recruited in inflammation and those implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Depression in patients with RA is associated with poor long-term outcomes. Multiple studies have shown that depression in RA is associated with increased pain, fatigue, and physical disability. It alters treatment compliance, causes more comorbidities, and leads to higher mortality, partly through increased suicide risk. Depression in RA also increases health service utilization and healthcare costs directly through hospitalization, but also indirectly through loss of work productivity. Assessing depression could be a significant psychomarker of rheumatological outcome in RA.
Asymptotic Joint Distribution of Extreme Eigenvalues of the Sample Covariance Matrix in the Spiked Population Model

In this paper, we consider a data matrix $X\in\mathbb{C}^{N\times M}$ where all the columns are i.i. d. samples being $N$ dimensional complex Gaussian of mean zero and covariance $\Sigma\in\mathbb{C}^{N\times N}$. Here the population matrix $\Sigma$ is of finite rank perturbation of the identity matrix. This is the "spiked population model" first proposed by Johnstone in \cite{21}. As $M, N\to\infty$ but $M/N = \gamma\in(1, \infty)$, we first establish in this paper the asymptotic distribution of the smallest eigenvalue of the sample covariance matrix $S:= XX^*/M$. It also exhibits a phase transition phenomenon proposed in \cite{1} --- the local fluctuation will be the generalized Tracy-Widom or the generalized Gaussian to be defined in the paper. Moreover we prove that the largest and the smallest eigenvalue are asymptotically independent as $M, N\to\infty$.
The symplectic topology of projective manifolds with small dual

We study smooth projective varieties with small dual variety using methods from symplectic topology. We prove the affine parts of such varieties are subcritical, and that the hyperplane class is invertible in their quantum cohomology. We derive several topological and algebraic geometric consequences from that. The main tool in our work is the Seidel representation associated to Hamiltonian fibrations.
Shared-Private Memory Networks For Multimodal Sentiment Analysis

Text, visual, and acoustic are usually complementary in the Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) task. However, current methods primarily concern shared representations while neglecting the critical private aspects of data within individual modalities. In this work, we propose shared-private memory networks based on the recent advances in the attention mechanism, called SPMN, to decouple multimodal representation from shared and private perspectives. It contains three components: a) a shared memory to learn the shared representations of multimodal data; b) three private memories to learn the private representations of individual modalities, respectively; c) and adaptive fusion gates to fuse multimodal private and shared representations. To evaluate the effectiveness of SPMN, we integrate it into different pre-trained language representation models, such as BERT and XLNET, and conduct experiments on two public datasets, CMU-MOSI and CMU-MOSEI. Experimental results indicate that the performances of pre-trained language representation models are significantly improved because of SPMN and demonstrate the superiority of our model compared to the state-of-the-art methods. SPMN's source code is publicly available at: https://github.com/xiaobaicaihhh/SPMN.
Effect of silicon fertilization and crop establishment methods on yield, soil quality and silicon uptake of rice (Oryza sativa)

A field experiment was carried out at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during kharif 2015 and 2016 to determine the effects of rice establishment method, silicon application levels and silicon solubilizing bacteria on silicon concentrations and uptake by rice (Oryza sativa) and soil microbial parameters in rice-wheat cropping system. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design and replicated thrice. The experiment was conducted with 24 treatment combinations including rice establishment methods in main plot, silicon level in sub plot and silicon solubilizing microbes in sub-sub plot. Silicon concentration in grain and straw was highest in crop establishment of aerobic rice and lowest in TPR methods during both the years. Tested aerobic rice establishment methods significantly influenced the microbial biomass carbon (278.2 and 289.3 μg/g soil), soil dehydrogenase activity (202.3 and 198.3 μg TPF/g soil/day) and total count of silicon solubilizing bacteria (222.5 and 255.9 × 102 cfu/g soil) compared to SRI and TPR and the highest silicon concentration and uptake, microbial biomass carbon (285.9 μg/g soil), dehydrogenase activity (189.7 μg TPF/g soil/day) and total count of silicon solubilizing bacteria (239.6 102 cfu/g soil) was recorded with silicon application 120 kg/ha which at par with 80 kg/ha but statistically superior over to control and 40 kg/ha in terms of nutrient uptake in grain and straw and soil quality parameters during both years of study.
On limit theory for functionals of stationary increments Lévy driven moving averages

In this paper we obtain new limit theorems for variational functionals of high frequency observations of stationary increments L\'evy driven moving averages. We will see that the asymptotic behaviour of such functionals heavily depends on the kernel, the driving L\'evy process and the properties of the functional under consideration. We show the "law of large numbers" for our class of statistics, which consists of three different cases. For one of the appearing limits, which we refer to as the ergodic type limit, we also prove the associated weak limit theory, which again consists of three different cases. Our work is related to [9,10], who considered power variation functionals of stationary increments L\'evy driven moving averages.
A complete representation theorem for G-martingales

In this article, we establish a complete representation theorem for G-martingales. Unlike the existing results in the literature, we provide the existence and uniqueness of the second-order term, which corresponds to the second-order derivative in Markovian case. The main ingredient of the article is a new norm for that second-order term, which is based on an operator introduced by Song.
ANNA/ASJA LACIS AND THE MULTILINGUALITY OF THE OTHER

The article discusses the multilingual nature of Anna/Asja Lācis’s own works as well as those devoted to her. When Anna Lācis’s memoirs were published in German in 1971, the editor Hildegard Brenner pointed out that the name Asja Lācis should appear more often in the research on Walter Benjamin and the cultural scene of Weimar. Asja Lācis did not receive well-deserved acclaim over the subsequent decades either. The conference, which is devoted to Asja Lācis and her work in the context of proletarian theatre and the ideas of leftism, indicates that the situation has changed under the influence of geopolitical and technological circumstances. The article analyses the influence of changes in the world on approaches to translation in culture and ensures an insight into Walter Benjamin’s translation work before meeting Asja Lācis in Capri. The goal of the paper is to analyse the efficiency of such work in order to understand both the difficulties in their relationships and the reception of their literary heritage, which are closely intertwined, as well as to facilitate the dialogue between this reception and leftism, which juxtaposes it to Antonio Gramsci’s works about translatability.
Hoof Matters: Developing an Athletic Thoroughbred Hoof

Simple Summary The development of strong, well-conformed hooves begins pre-natally and is on-going throughout the horse’s life. This paper explores specific aspects of the development and adaptation of the distal forelimb in Thoroughbred foals with emphasis on how the hoof responds to weight bearing early in life. The thickness of the epidermal tissues at the toe increased from 2.84 ± 0.41 mm before birth to 4.04 ± 1.10 mm by 4 months of age. The increase in thickness was accompanied by decreased density of horn tubules at the toe while the number and size of horn tubules increased at the medial and lateral quarters. This provides a malleable hoof capsule with increased resistance to fracture toughness at the quarters to allow for skeletal growth. Between 4–6 months of age, the hoof widens, and higher loading on the medial side (>60%) vs. the lateral side (<40%) may be factors that influence mature asymmetric hoof shape. Shortly after 12 months-of-age, the dorsal hoof wall angle becomes parallel with the dorsal wall of the distal phalanx, thus optimizing the functional capacity of the hoof capsule in the weanling Thoroughbred. Abstract Conformation of the hooves and distal limbs of foals and factors influencing their morphological development have not been reported in detail for the Thoroughbred breed. In this paper we explore morphogenesis of the equine distal limb in Thoroughbred foals with emphasis on adaptations in response to weight bearing early in life that prepare the foal for an athletic career. Novel data from four studies are presented chronologically during key time periods to illustrate specific aspects of distal limb growth and adaptation. Dorsal epidermal thickness increased from 2.84 ± 0.41 mm in utero to 4.04 ± 1.10 mm by 4 months of age. The increase in thickness was accompanied by decreased tubular density, increased inter-tubular material, and an increase in number and size of tubules at the quarters, which provided a malleable hoof capsule to allow for skeletal growth. Between 4–6 months of age, the hoof widens, and higher loading on the medial side (>60%) vs. the lateral side (<40%) may be factors that influence mature asymmetric hoof shape. Shortly after 12 months-of-age, the dorsal hoof wall angle and dorsal parietal angle of the distal phalanx become parallel, thus optimizing the functional capacity of the hoof capsule in the weanling Thoroughbred.
The k-almost Ricci solitons and contact geometry

The aim of this article is to study the k-almost Ricci soliton and k-almost gradient Ricci soliton on contact metric manifold. First, we prove that if a compact K-contact metric is a k-almost gradient Ricci soliton then it is isometric to a unit sphere S2n+1. Next, we extend this result on a compact k-almost Ricci soliton when the flow vector field X is contact. Finally, we study some special types of k-almost Ricci soliton where the potential vector field X is point wise collinear with the Reeb vector field {\xi} of the contact metric structure.
Convolutions of slanted half-plane harmonic mappings

Abstract Let S0(Hγ) denote the class of all univalent, harmonic, sense-preserving and normalized mappings f of the unit disk D onto the slanted half-plane Hγ: = {w:Re(eiγw) > −1/2} with an additional condition fz(0) = 0. Functions in this class can be constructed by the shear construction due to Clunie and Sheil-Small which allows by examining their conformal counterpart. Unlike the conformal case, convolution of two univalent harmonic convex mappings in D is not necessarily even univalent in D. In this paper, we fix f0 ∈ S0(H0) and show that the convolutions of f0 and some slanted half-plane harmonic mapping are still convex in a particular direction. The results of the paper enhance the interest among harmonic mappings and, in particular, solve a recent open problem of Dorff et al. in a more general setting. Finally, we present some basic examples of functions and their corresponding convolution functions with specified dilatations, and illustrate them graphically with the help of MATHEMATICA software. These examples explain the behaviour of the image domains.
Causal Poisson bracket via deformation quantization

Starting with the well-defined product of quantum fields at two spacetime points, we explore an associated Poisson structure for classical field theories within the deformation quantization formalism. We realize that the induced star-product is naturally related to the standard Moyal product through an appropriate causal Green's functions connecting points in the space of classical solutions to the equations of motion. Our results resemble the Peierls-DeWitt bracket analyzed in the multisymplectic context. Once our star-product is defined we are able to apply the Wigner-Weyl map in order to introduce a generalized version of Wick's theorem. Finally, we include some examples to explicitly test our method: the real scalar field, the bosonic string and a physically motivated nonlinear particle model. For the field theoretic models we have encountered causal generalizations of the creation/annihilation relations, and also a causal generalization of the Virasoro algebra for the bosonic string. For the nonlinear particle case, we use the approximate solution in terms of the Green's function in order to construct a well-behaved causal bracket.
On the monotone properties of general affine surfaces under the Steiner symmetrization

In this paper, we prove that, if functions (concave) $\phi$ and (convex) $\psi$ satisfy certain conditions, the $L_{\phi}$ affine surface area is monotone increasing, while the $L_{\psi}$ affine surface area is monotone decreasing under the Steiner symmetrization. Consequently, we can prove related affine isoperimetric inequalities, under certain conditions on $\phi$ and $\psi$, without assuming that the convex body involved has centroid (or the Santal\'{o} point) at the origin.
Effects of Native Whey Protein and Carbohydrate Supplement on Physical Performance and Plasma Markers of Muscle Damage and Inflammation during a Simulated Rugby Sevens Tournament: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

The importance of optimized recovery during a sport competition is undisputed. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of recovery drinks comprising either carbohydrate only, or a mix of native whey proteins and carbohydrate to maintain physical performance and minimize muscle damage during a simulated rugby sevens (rugby 7s) tournament. Twelve well-trained male rugby players participated in three simulated rugby 7s tournament days with a week’s interval in between. Each tournament comprised a sequence of three simulated matches, interspersed with 2 h of recovery. Three different recovery drinks were tested: a placebo (PLA, nonenergetic chocolate-flavored drink), a carbohydrate drink (CHO, 80 g of carbohydrate) or an isoenergetic carbohydrate–protein drink (P-CHO, 20 g of Pronativ®, native whey protein and 60 g of carbohydrate). A different recovery drink, consumed after each match, was tested during each simulated tournament. Physical performance, muscle damage and muscle pain were assessed before and after each simulated tournament. Regarding physical performance, both P-CHO and CHO drinks had a positive effect on the maintenance of 50 m sprint time compared to the PLA drink (effect sizes large and moderate, respectively). Regarding muscle damage, the P-CHO supplement attenuated the creatine phosphokinase increase at POST6 compared to PLA (effect size, moderate). Finally, P-CHO and CHO drinks reduced the exercise-induced DOMS (effect size, moderate), compared to the PLA condition (effect size, large), while P-CHO only reduced pain on muscle palpation and pain when descending stairs compared to PLA 24 h post-tournament (effect size, small). This study suggests that consuming a recovery drink containing native whey proteins and carbohydrate or carbohydrate only after each match of a rugby 7s tournament may attenuate the exercise-induced increase in markers of muscle damage and maintain physical performance.
Time variation of radon in tap water in locations of a Greek area with geological background for elevated radon-in-water concentrations and correlation study between radon, gross alpha, uranium, and radium concentrations

Background: Radon (222Rn), a naturally occurring radioactive gas, dissolves in water, and it can be found in elevated concentrations in public water supplies when water originates from ground sources in areas rich in uranium. An area of great interest for measuring radon-in-water is the Migdonia basin in Northern Greece due to its geological background and because all of its villages are supplied with water from boreholes. Objectives: The main aim of this paper was to study the time variation of radon in tap water activity concentration in nine villages of the Migdonia basin supplied with water from boreholes and to determine factors that may affect it. Radon in water correlation between the source (borehole) and the consumption point (tap) was studied for some villages. Also, the correlation among radon, gross alpha, beta, uranium (238U), and radium (226Ra) activity concentration in water was studied. Design and methods: Water samples were collected and measured for their radon activity concentration from 66 villages in the Migdonia basin in order to find places with relatively high radon concentrations. The time variation of radon-in-water was studied for villages that showed relatively high radon concentrations for 3–4 years (2018–2022). All samples were measured for their 222Rn activity concentration using gamma-ray spectrometry. Water samples were also analyzed for their gross alpha, beta, and uranium isotopes activity concentration. Results and conclusions: Average radon in tap water activity concentrations measured in the area ranged from background concentrations to 185 Bq L-1. The corresponding annual effective doses from waterborne radon inhalation using both UNSCEAR and ICRP dose conversion factors ranged from 0.01 to 0.466 mSv y-1 and from 0.02 to 0.868 mSv y-1, respectively, while radon ingestion annual effective doses varied from 0.007 to 0.324 mSv y-1. Time variation of radon activity concentration in tap water for villages supplied from one borehole or a constant number of boreholes showed relatively low standard deviations (<24%) at a coverage factor of k = 1. Those deviations are probably caused by the time variation of boreholes’ radon concentration and water demand changes. A significant decline in radon concentration from the source (borehole) to the consumption point (tap water) was observed. Therefore, sampling should be performed at the consumption point. However, knowing the supplying borehole concentration is useful as it determines the potential for radon in drinking water. No apparent correlation was found among radon, gross alpha, beta, uranium, and radium concentrations in water. However, in some cases, remedial actions (withdrawal of boreholes) for uranium concentration also decreased radon concentration.
Remarks on the self-shrinking Clifford torus

Abstract On the one hand, we prove that the Clifford torus in ℂ2{\mathbb{C}^{2}} is unstable for Lagrangian mean curvature flow under arbitrarily small Hamiltonian perturbations, even though it is Hamiltonian F-stable and locally area minimising under Hamiltonian variations. On the other hand, we show that the Clifford torus is rigid: it is locally unique as a self-shrinker for mean curvature flow, despite having infinitesimal deformations which do not arise from rigid motions. The proofs rely on analysing higher order phenomena: specifically, showing that the Clifford torus is not a local entropy minimiser even under Hamiltonian variations, and demonstrating that infinitesimal deformations which do not generate rigid motions are genuinely obstructed.
Symmetrized topological complexity

We present upper and lower bounds for symmetrized topological complexity [Formula: see text] in the sense of Basabe–González–Rudyak–Tamaki. The upper bound comes from equivariant obstruction theory, and the lower bounds from the cohomology of the symmetric square [Formula: see text]. We also show that symmetrized topological complexity coincides with its monoidal version, where the path from a point to itself is required to be constant. Using these results, we calculate the symmetrized topological complexity of all odd spheres.
Triangular Gatzouras–Lalley-type planar carpets with overlaps

We construct a family of planar self-affine carpets with overlaps using lower triangular matrices in a way that generalizes the original Gatzouras–Lalley carpets (Gatzouras and Lalley 1992 Indiana Univ. Math. J. 41 533–68) defined by diagonal matrices. Assuming the rectangular open set condition, Barański (2008 Discrete Continuous Dyn. Syst. A 21 1015–23) proved for this construction that for typical parameters, which can be explicitly checked, the inequalities between the Hausdorff, box and affinity dimension of the attractor are strict. We generalize this result to overlapping constructions, where we allow complete columns to be shifted along the horizontal axis (as in Fraser and Shmerkin (2016 Ergod. Theor. Dyn. Syst. 36 2463–81) and Pardo-Simón (2019 Ergod. Theor. Dyn. Syst. pp 733–63) or allow parallelograms to overlap within a column in a transversal way. Our main result is to show sufficient conditions under which these overlaps do not cause a drop of the dimension of the attractor. Several examples are provided to illustrate the results, including a self-affine smiley, a family of self-affine continuous curves, examples with overlaps and an application of our results to some three-dimensional systems.