Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Casimir energy in Kerr space-time

We investigate the vacuum energy of a scalar massless field confined in a Casimir cavity moving in a circular equatorial orbit in the exact Kerr space-time geometry. We find that both the orbital motion of the cavity and the underlying space-time geometry conspire in lowering the absolute value of the (renormalized) Casimir energy ⟨ e vac ⟩ ren , as measured by a comoving observer, with respect to whom the cavity is at rest. This, in turn, causes a weakening in the attractive force between the Casimir plates. In particular, we show that the vacuum energy density ⟨ e vac ⟩ ren → 0 when the orbital path of the Casimir cavity comes close to the corotating or counter-rotating circular null orbits (possibly geodesic) allowed by the Kerr geometry. Such an effect could be of some astrophysical interest on relevant orbits, such as the Kerr innermost stable circular orbits, being potentially related to particle confinement (as in some interquark models). The present work generalizes previous results obtained by several authors in the weak field approximation.
The impact of administrative management and information technology on e-government success: The mediating role of knowledge management practices

Abstract This study examines the impact of administrative management and information technology on e-government success with the mediation role of knowledge management practices. For this purpose, data was gathered from 163 public sector participants in the Al-Jouf region of Saudi Arabia. This study uses partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test and validate the research model and proposed hypotheses. The findings show that information technology and administrative management significantly increase e-government success and knowledge management practices. Moreover, the findings revealed that knowledge management practices play a vital mediating role between information technology and administrative management to make e-government success more successful and to reduce risk. Furthermore, this study strengthens the theoretical and practical implications of e-government by developing a link with socio-technical systems theory as well as with Fayol’s administrative management theory. In the end, the study recommends that policymakers and managers take serious steps to attain advantages in the application of technologies in e-government to fulfill the renewable and changing needs of beneficiaries.
The association between professional sporting events and police calls for service in San Antonio, Texas

ABSTRACT The influence of sporting events on crime is an important but under-researched area in criminology. Although this literature is growing, it mostly focuses on whether crime changes in the city/area where a sporting event is taking place. Thus, it is unclear whether crime in a different city/state can be affected by airing a sporting event on television. The current study contributes to the literature by investigating the impact of televised professional sporting events by the NFL, NBA, MLB, and NHL on calls for police service in San Antonio, Texas. Specifically, this study examines whether five categories of police calls for service in San Antonio increase or decrease on days in which NFL, NBA, MLB, and NHL games take place compared to days with no games. This study examines this association between March 2020 and March 2021 during which in-person sporting events were not permitted in San Antonio because of COVID-19 restrictions. Results indicate that days with particular sporting events are associated with increases in certain calls for police service, while others are associated with decreases. Our findings suggest that police departments may consider increased patrol on days that certain sporting events take place.
The Extratropical Transitions of Hurricanes Felix and Iris in 1995

Abstract The extratropical transitions of Hurricanes Felix and Iris in 1995 are examined and compared. Both systems affected northwest Europe but only Iris developed significantly as an extratropical system. In both cases the hurricane interacts with a preexisting extratropical system over the western Atlantic. The remnants of the exhurricanes can be identified and tracked across the Atlantic as separate low-level potential vorticity (PV) anomalies. The nature of the baroclinic wave involved in the extratropical transition is described from a PV perspective and shown to differ significantly between the two cases. The role of vertical shear in modifying the hurricane structure during the early phase of the transition is investigated. Iris moved into a region of strong shear. The high PV tower of Iris developed a marked downshear tilt. Felix moved into a vertically sheared environment also but the shear was weaker than for Iris and the PV tower of Felix did not tilt much. Iris maintained its warm-core struc.
Radiative recombination in crystalline As 2 S 3

Two photoluminescence bands characterized by their excitation energy are observed in orpiment ($c\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{3}$). We assign the emission band with the peak energy of 1.53 eV to defect-related bound-exciton recombination. The luminescence band at 1.25 eV is induced by band-to-band excitation and may be understood by the self-trapping of an exciton.
Model Tests on Determining the Effect of Various Geometrical Aspects on Horizontal Impedance Function of Surface Footings

: Problems associated with soil-structure interaction have been determined and the Impendence Functions evaluated. The aim of this paper is studying horizontal impedance function for surface footings by physical model tests. For this purpose, a cubic steel container was used as a testing environment for two different conditions, a rigid base, and a homogeneous half-space model. The effect of various parameters such as footing shape, embedment ratio, inertia, and dynamic force amplitude was studied in three shapes; rectangular, square, and circle footing. The results indicated that the massless impedance function theory was confirmed at the Dimensionless Frequency of less than 2.5. Also, in the rigid base model, soil response heavily depends on the vibration frequency, developed by boundary conditions and side walls, in contrast to the half-space model. The rigid base, distribution and reflection of waves in the soil, and dissipation of higher wave energy substantially influenced the dynamic response of soil–foundation system. Additionally, the embedment ratio significantly affected the impedance functions.
Classic assimilation, self-selection and parent status: An analysis of the central–local political trust among highly educated Mainland migrants in Hong Kong

Prior research overlooks highly educated migrants and their political incorporation in host societies. This study applies both classic assimilation and self-selection theories to understand political trust among highly educated migrants from Mainland China in Hong Kong, including their trust toward local (host society) and central (home society) governments. We also address the possibility of selective assimilation adopted by migrant parents as risk-reducing strategies. Based on a survey of highly educated Mainland migrants in Hong Kong (n = 2,884), our results show partial support for both theories. Migrants’ political trust is influenced by both their post-migration political exposure and their pre-migration political attitudes. Moreover, migrant parents tend to remain bicultural, showing more positive attitudes toward both governments in host and home societies.
Multi response optimization of friction stir welding in air and water by analytic hierachy process and VIKOR method

Friction stir welding of Titanium sheets was carried out under air and 13 water environment and the tensile properties of the joints made were measured. The tool rotational 14 speed and tool traversing speed which significantly influences the tensile properties of the welded joints 15 were considered as input process parameters. This work deals with the application of Analytic hierarchy 16 process to calculate the weights of the relative importance of the output responses using the pairwise 17 comparison of responses and checked for the consistency and acceptability of the assumed comparison. 18 Also, the VIKOR optimization technique, a multi-response multi criterion method, was used for 19 determining the optimum process parameters. From the VIKOR optimization method, it is observed that 20 the higher tool rotational speed and lower tool traversing speed are the optimum process parameters in 21 both conventional and underwater FSW. The results from the experimental measurements and the study 22 of microstructure supports the results obtained from VIKOR optimization method. 23
A three‐component model of the variability of the solar ultraviolet flux: 145–200 nM

A three-component model has been developed to examine the variation with solar activity of the far ultraviolet irradiance between 145 and 200 nm. This model is based on spatially resolved observations of the Call K chromosphere and includes the contributions to the full disk flux from both plage and active network emission. The 27-day modulation of the ultraviolet flux is explained by the evolution and rotation of the plage regions on the solar disc. Over the longer time scale of the eleven-year cycle it is essential that changes in the active network arising from the decay of plage regions also be considered as a source of ultraviolet flux variability. Only by using a three-component model of the solar flux is it possible to simultaneously reproduce the 27-day variability observed by the solar backscatter ultraviolet experiment on the Nimbus 7 satellite and the changes from the minimum to the maximum of the solar activity cycle observed by the rocket experiments of the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics and by the extreme ultraviolet spectrometer on the Atmospheric Explorer E satellite. It is shown that the AE-E experiment measured a smaller solar cycle variability for the ultraviolet irradiances than is predicted by the model calculations because of the spatially restricted field of view of this instrument.
Prediction and use of impedance matrices for eddy-current problems

Inclusion of both skin and proximity effects in the prediction of impedance matrices in eddy-current problems significantly complicates the prediction of the impedance matrix. In this paper, a technique employing a boundary element method is used to predict these impedance matrices using an additional constant vector potential which is added to the interior of every conductor. This constant vector potential is slightly altered for an axisymmetric problem and allows for the easy prediction of induced voltage in an eddy-current conductor. Perhaps the greatest contribution offered by this paper is in the interpretation of these matrices and in particular, with the negative components comprising the resistance matrix. The phasor diagrams, both for voltage and current as well as magnetic fields, are employed to aid in better understanding the information delivered within the impedance matrix. The explanations are directed specifically toward a three-coil axisymmetric problem. The technique is tested against the measured voltage in a three-phase current fed system.
On the Convergence of Optimal Actions for Markov Decision Processes and the Optimality of $(s,S)$ Policies for Inventory Control

This paper describes results on the existence of optimal policies and convergence properties of optimal actions for discounted and average-cost Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with weakly continuous transition probabilities. It is possible that cost functions are unbounded and action sets are not compact. The following results are established for such MDPs: (i) convergence of value iterations to optimal values for discounted problems with possibly non-zero terminal costs, (ii) convergence of optimal finite-horizon actions to optimal infinite-horizon actions for total discounted costs, as the time horizon tends to infinity, and (iii) convergence of optimal discount-cost actions to optimal average-cost actions for infinite-horizon problems, as the discount factor tends to 1. The general results on MDPs are applied to the classic stochastic periodic-review inventory control problems with backorders, for which they imply the optimality of $(s,S)$ policies and convergence properties of optimal thresholds. In particular we analyze inventory control problems without two assumptions often used in the literature: (a) the demand is either discrete or continuous or (b) backordering is more expensive that the cost of backordered inventory if the backordered amount is large.
Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADRs) to COVID19 Vaccines: A Case Series

Viral vector vaccines (Covishield) and inactivated vaccines (Covaxin) are now being administered worldwide to reduce the impact of life-threatening corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19). Various cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) have been reported following COVID-19 vaccination. Here, we are reporting series of CADRs following COVID-19 vaccination. Among 18 CADRs, 4 each were of acute urticaria and pityriasis rosea, 2 each of leukocytoclastic vasculitis and herpes zoster, 3 exacerbation of psoriasis, and 1 each of exacerbation of eczema, reactivation of herpes simplex virus 1 infection, and COVID arm. However, in 1 case there was remission of psoriasis. These CADRs occurred between 6 hours and 20 days after vaccination and were mild to moderate in severity. Only 1 needed hospitalization. Of the 18 CADRs, 10 developed after first dose and 8 after second dose. Causality assessment was done using World Health Organization causality assessment classification. Mass COVID-19 vaccination program is in progress worldwide. Many CADRs like COVID arm, urticaria, pityriasis rosea, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, herpes zoster etc., have been reported following vaccination. In our series only 1 developed cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADR) to Covaxin. It was Covishield that was administered during the vaccination drive; hence, more cases were seen to that vaccine. Most of the CADRs were mild to moderate in intensity. Awareness of these adverse effects enables the healthcare professionals to be better equipped to recognize and manage them correctly.
Evaluation of average maintenance cost for imperfect-repair model

The imperfect-repair model considers units which are either perfectly-repaired or minimally-repaired, with known, fixed probabilities. Minimal repair is defined, roughly, as returning the item to the population's average state at the failure time. The average cost of maintaining the unit under this model is studied by assuming fixed amounts of cost for perfect and minimal repairs when failed. The authors' measure of such maintenance cost is an average cost per unit-time over an infinite time span. To obtain this average cost, they use the expressions for average numbers of perfect and minimal repairs under this model. They prove the few theorems necessary to derive the formulae for the average cost per unit-time. The results are applied to some examples.
Subgroup properties of Demushkin groups†

Abstract We prove that a non-solvable Demushkin group satisfies the Greenberg–Stallings property, i.e., if H and K are finitely generated subgroups of a non-solvable Demushkin group G with the property that H ∩ K has finite index in both H and K, then H ∩ K has finite index in 〈H, K〉. Moreover, we prove that every finitely generated subgroup H of G has a ‘root’, that is a subgroup K of G that contains H with |K : H| finite and which contains every subgroup U of G that contains H with |U : H| finite. This allows us to show that every non-trivial finitely generated subgroup of a non-solvable Demushkin group has finite index in its commensurator.
Association Between 24-Hour Movement Behavior and Cognitive Function in Brazilian Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Findings From the ELSA-Brasil

Abstract Background and Objectives The relationship between 24-hr movement behavior and specific domains of cognitive function is unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify the joint association of daily time spent in light (light-intensity physical activity [LPA]) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep with cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults. Research Design and Methods Cross-sectional data from Wave 3 (2017–2019) of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health were analyzed. The study included adults aged 41–84 years old. Physical activity was assessed using a waist-worn accelerometer. Cognitive function was examined using standardized tests to assess memory, language, and Trail-Making test. Global cognitive function score was calculated by averaging domain-specific scores. Compositional isotemporal substitution models were performed to identify the association between the reallocation of time spent in LPA, MVPA, sleep, and SB with cognitive function. Results Participants (n = 8,608) were 55.9% female (mean age 58.9 [8.6] years). Reallocating time from SB to MVPA was associated with higher cognitive function: Reallocating 15 min to MVPA by reducing 5 min from each other behavior was associated with increased odds of better cognitive function in both insufficient (<7 hr/day; odds ratio [OR]: 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–0.77) and sufficient (≥7 hr/day; OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.58–0.67) sleep groups. Among those with insufficient sleep, reallocating time to MVPA and sleep from SB was associated with higher global cognitive performance. Discussion and Implications Small reductions in SB and increments in MVPA were associated with higher cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults.
Ternary Three Point Non-Stationary Subdivision Scheme

A ternary three-point approximating non-stationary subdivision scheme is presented that generates the family of C 2 limiting curve. The proposed scheme can be considered as the non-stationary counterpart of the ternary three-point approximating stationary scheme. The comparison of the proposed scheme has been demonstrated using different examples with the existing ternary three-point stationary scheme, which shows that the limit curves of the proposed scheme behave more pleasantly and are very close to generate the conic section.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induce Changes of Photosynthesis-Related Parameters in Virus Infected Grapevine

The negative effects of viruses and the positive effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on grapevine performance are well reported, in contrast to the knowledge about their interactive effects in perennial plants, e.g., in grapevine. To elucidate the physiological consequences of grapevine–AMF–virus interactions, two different AMF inoculum (Rhizophagus irregularis and ‘Mix AMF’) were used on grapevine infected with grapevine rupestris stem pitting virus, grapevine leafroll associated virus 3 and/or grapevine pinot gris virus. Net photosynthesis rate (AN), leaf transpiration (E), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and conductance to H2O (gs) were measured at three time points during one growing season. Furthermore, quantum efficiency in light (ΦPSII) and electron transport rate (ETR) were surveyed in leaves of different maturity, old (basal), mature (middle) and young (apical) leaf. Lastly, pigment concentration and growth parameters were analysed. Virus induced changes in grapevine were minimal in this early infection stage. However, the AMF induced changes of grapevine facing biotic stress were most evident in higher net photosynthesis rate, conductance to H2O, chlorophyll a concentration, total carotenoid concentration and dry matter content. The AMF presence in the grapevine roots seem to prevail over virus infection, with Rhizophagus irregularis inducing greater photosynthesis changes in solitary form rather than mixture. This study shows that AMF can be beneficial for grapevine facing viral infection, in the context of functional physiology.
Progress and challenges in short- to medium-range coupled prediction

The availability of GODAE Oceanview-type ocean forecast systems provides the opportunity to develop high-resolution, short- to medium-range coupled prediction systems. Several groups have undertaken the first experiments based on relatively unsophisticated approaches. Progress is being driven at the institutional level targeting a range of applications that represent their respective national interests with clear overlaps and opportunities for information exchange and collaboration. The applications include forecasting of the general circulation, hurricanes, extra-tropical storms, high-latitude weather and coastal air–sea interaction. In some cases, research has moved beyond case and sensitivity studies to controlled experiments to obtain statistically significant metrics and operational predictions.
Two-dimensional sample entropy: assessing image texture through irregularity

Image texture analysis is a key task in computer vision. Although various methods have been applied to extract texture information, none of them are based on the principles of sample entropy, which is a measurement of entropy rate. This paper proposes a two-dimensional sample entropy method, namely SampEn2D, in order to measure irregularity in pixel patterns. We evaluated the proposed method in three different situations: a set of simulated images generated by a deterministic function corrupted with different levels of a stochastic influence; the Brodatz public texture database; and a real biological image set of rat sural nerve. Evaluation with simulations showed SampEn2D as a robust irregularity measure, closely following sample entropy properties. Results with Brodatz dataset testified superiority of SampEn2D to separate different image categories compared to conventional Haralick and wavelet descriptors. SampEn2D was also capable of discriminating rat sural nerve images by age groups with high accuracy (AUROC = 0.844). No significant difference was found between SampEn2D AUROC and those obtained with the best performed Haralick descriptors, i.e. entropy (AUROC = 0.828), uniformity (AUROC = 0.833), homogeneity (AUROC = 0.938) and Wavelet descriptors, i.e. Haar energy/entropy (AUROC = 0.932) and Daubechies energy/entropy (AUROC = 0.859). In addition, it was shown that SampEn2D computation time increases with image size, being around 1400 s for a 600 × 600 pixels image. In conclusion, SampEn2D showed to be stable and robust enough to be applied as texture feature quantifier and irregularity properties, as measured by SampEn2D, seem to be an important feature for image characterization in biomedical image analysis.
Optical properties of the silicate dust grains in the envelopes around asymptotic giant branch stars

ABSTRA C T We have investigated the optical properties of the carbon dust grains in the envelopes around carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch stars, paying close attention to the infrared observations of the stars and the laboratory-measured optical data of the candidate dust grain materials. We have compared the radiative transfer model results with the observed spectral energy distributions of the stars including IRAS Point Source Catalog and IRAS Low Resolution Spectrograph data. We have deduced an opacity function of amorphous carbon dust grains from model fitting with infrared carbon stars. From the opacity function, we have derived the optical constants of the AMC grains. The optical constants satisfy the Kramers‐Kronig relation and produce the opacity function that fits the observations of infrared carbon stars better than previous works in the wide wavelength range 1‐1000mm. We have used simple mixtures of the AMC and silicon carbide grains for modelling. We have compared the contributions that AMC and SiC grains make to the opacity for the cases of simple mixtures of them and spherical core‐mantle type grains consisting of a SiC core and an AMC mantle.