Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of weak optical feedback on the polarization performances of current-modulated VCSELs

Based on the framework of the spin-flip model (SFM), for the GHz level modulation frequency, the polarization performances of current-modulated vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) subject to weak optical feedback have been theoretically investigated. The results show that, for type I polarization switching (PS), under small signal modulation, the variation of the modulation frequency does not affect the polarization direction of the VCSEL output, but due to the influence of the optical feedback, the VCSEL output may behave period, doubling period and chaos state with modulation frequency variation. For the case of the large signal modulation, optical feedback can result in the generation of a new style of PS with the variation of the modulation frequency.
An Evidence and Consensus-Based Definition of Second Victim: A Strategic Topic in Healthcare Quality, Patient Safety, Person-Centeredness and Human Resource Management

The concept of second victims (SV) was introduced 20 years ago to draw attention to healthcare professionals involved in patient safety incidents. The objective of this paper is to advance the theoretical conceptualization and to develop a common definition. A literature search was performed in Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL (October 2010 to November 2020). The description of SV was extracted regarding three concepts: (1) involved persons, (2) content of action and (3) impact. Based on these concepts, a definition was proposed and discussed within the ERNST-COST consortium in 2021 and 2022. An international group of experts finalized the definition. In total, 83 publications were reviewed. Based on expert consensus, a second victim was defined as: “Any health care worker, directly or indirectly involved in an unanticipated adverse patient event, unintentional healthcare error, or patient injury and who becomes victimized in the sense that they are also negatively impacted”. The proposed definition can be used to help to reduce the impact of incidents on both healthcare professionals and organizations, thereby indirectly improve healthcare quality, patient safety, person-centeredness and human resource management.
Prediction of Pressure Drop for Incompressible Flow Through Screens

A new pressure loss correlation predicts flow through screens for the wire Reynolds number range of 10 -4 to 10 4 using the conventional orthogonal porosity and a function of wire Reynolds number. The correlation is extended by the conventional cosine law to include flow that is not perpendicular to the screen. The importance of careful specification of wire diameter for accurate predictions of porosity is examined. The effective porosity is influenced by the shape of the woven wires, by any local damage, and by screen tension
Analytic solutions of the magnetic annihilation and reconnection problems. II. Three-dimensional flows

Analytic solutions for magnetic annihilation and reconnection in three-dimensional velocity fields are constructed. Exact and approximate solutions for three-dimensional fan current reconnection can be derived using prototype fields based on simple, one-component magnetic annihilation models. Certain reconnection solutions are found to be “fast,” in the sense that the Ohmic dissipation rate scales independently of any positive power of the plasma resistivity η. Three-dimensional models can also possess novel features not contained in two-dimensional planar reconnection solutions. In particular, classes of solutions involving separated field nulls are found to possess multiple scalings for the Ohmic dissipation rate—a feature that has not been observed before. Several solutions are shown to have the potential to meet the extreme energy release characteristics of the solar flare.
Resonance patterns in spatially forced Rayleigh–Bénard convection

Abstract We report on the influence of a quasi-one-dimensional periodic forcing on the pattern selection process in Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC). The forcing was introduced by a lithographically fabricated periodic texture on the bottom plate. We study the convection patterns as a function of the Rayleigh number ( $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}\mathit{Ra}$ ) and the dimensionless forcing wavenumber ( $q_f$ ). For small $\mathit{Ra}$ , convection takes the form of straight parallel rolls that are locked to the underlying forcing pattern. With increasing $\mathit{Ra}$ , these rolls give way to more complex patterns, due to a secondary instability. The forcing wavenumber $q_f$ was varied in the experiment over the range of $0. 6q_c<q_f<1. 4q_c$ , with $q_c$ being the critical wavenumber of the unforced system. We investigate the stability of straight rolls as a function of $q_f$ and report patterns that arise due to a secondary instability.
A Novel Decoupling Feeding Network for Circularly Polarized Patch Arrays Using Orthogonal Mode Decomposition

A new decoupling feeding network (DFN) is proposed for circularly polarized (CP) patch arrays with an arbitrary number of elements. Different from linearly polarized (LP) patch arrays, a dual-feed structure is adopted for each element to enhance the CP performance. The dual-feed structures should be integrated into the DFN, and hence the coupling paths become very complicated. An orthogonal mode decomposition (OMD) method is established to analyze the coupling mechanism between the CP patch elements. Based on the OMD, a network model of the mutual coupling between the CP patch elements is established, which can be used to assist design of the DFN. To verify the decoupling effect, a prototype of a $2\times $ 2 CP patch array for a satellite navigation system is fabricated and measured. After applying the DFN, mutual coupling between all ports is reduced to below −33 dB at the center frequency of 1.26 GHz, and the decoupling effects reach 15–23 dB. The CP patch array maintains stable radiation patterns with a realized gain of ~9.4 dBi. The proposed OMD approach is applicable to other CP arrays with an arbitrary number of elements.
Three-Dimensional Simulations of a Starburst-driven Galactic Wind

We have performed a series of three-dimensional simulations of a starburst-driven wind in an inhomogeneous interstellar medium. The introduction of an inhomogeneous disk leads to differences in the formation of the wind, most noticeably the absence of the “blow-out” effect seen in homogeneous models. A wind forms from a series of small bubbles that propagate into the tenuous gas between dense clouds in the disk. These bubbles merge and follow the path of least resistance out of the disk before flowing freely into the halo. Filaments are formed from disk gas that is broken up and accelerated into the outflow. These filaments are distributed throughout a biconical structure within a more spherically distributed hot wind. The distribution of the inhomogeneous interstellar medium in the disk is important in determining the morphology of this wind, as well as the distribution of the filaments. While higher resolution simulations are required in order to ascertain the importance of mixing processes, we find that soft X-ray emission arises from gas that has been mass-loaded from clouds in the disk, as well as from bow shocks upstream of the clouds driven into the flow by the ram pressure of the wind, and the interaction between these shocks.
Coherence and sameness in well-formed and pairwise well-formed scales

Abstract A common theme running through many of the scale studies in recent years is a concern for the distribution of intervals and pitch classes. The question of good distribution becomes increasingly complex with the increase in parameters. Complexity increases when the cardinality, N, increases, and when the number of step sizes increases relative to cardinality. Complexity is also shown to be dependent upon the relative sizes of the step intervals. Two measures of scalar complexity are the properties known as difference and coherence. Difference rates a scale according to the number of distinct specific intervals it contains, whereas coherence concerns conflicts between generic and specific intervallic measures. There are two types of conflicts, ‘ambiguity’ and ‘contradiction’. This paper demonstrates that well-formed scales have, as a class, the highest coherence rank—fewest numbers of ambiguities or contradictions—for scales of a given cardinality. They are, then, in this sense, ‘minimally complex’. The paper concludes with a conjecture about pairwise well-formed scales, namely that these types are more complex than well-formed ones, but less so than all others.
Commodity exports, financial frictions, and international spillovers

This paper offers a solution to the international co-movement puzzle found in open-economy macroeconomic models. We develop a small open-economy (SOE) dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model describing three endogenous channels that capture spillovers from the world to a commodity exporter: a world commodity price channel, a domestic commodity supply channel
Model Selection Tests for Nonlinear Dynamic Models

This paper generalizes Vuong (1989) asymptotically normal tests for model selection in several important directions. First, it allows for incompletely parametrized models such as econometric models defined by moment conditions. Second, it allows for a broad class of estimation methods that includes most estimators currently used in practice. Third, it considers model selection criteria other than the models" likelihoods such as the mean squared errors of prediction. Fourth, the proposed tests are applicable to possibly misspecified nonlinear dynamic models with weakly dependent heterogeneous data. Cases where the estimation methods optimize the model selection criteria are distinguished from cases where they do not. We also consider the estimation of the asymptotic variance of the difference between the competing models" selection criteria, which is necessary to our tests. Finally, we discuss conditions under which our tests are valid. It is seen that the competing models must be essentially nonnested. Copyright Royal Economic Society 2002
Three year results of Blessed: Expanded access for DeltaRex-G for an intermediate size population with advanced pancreatic cancer and sarcoma (NCT04091295) and individual patient use of DeltaRex-G for solid malignancies (IND# 19130)

Background: Innovative treatments are urgently needed for metastatic cancer. DeltaRex-G, a tumor-targeted retrovector encoding a dominant-negative/cytocidal cyclin G1 (CCNG1 gene) inhibitor construct—has been tested in over 280 cancer patients worldwide in phase 1, phase 2 studies and compassionate use studies, demonstrating long term (>10 years) survivorship in patients with advanced cancers, including pancreatic cancer, osteosarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, breast cancer, and B-cell lymphoma. Patient and Methods: Endpoints: Survival, response, treatment-related adverse events. Study one is entitled “Blessed: Expanded Access for DeltaRex-G for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer and Sarcoma (NCT04091295)”. Study two is entitled “Individual Patient Use of DeltaRex-G for Solid Malignancies (Investigational New Drug#19130). In both studies, patients will receive DeltaRex-G at 1-3 x 10e11 cfu i.v. over 30–45 min, three x a week until significant disease progression or unacceptable toxicity or death occurs. Results: Seventeen patients were enrolled, nine sarcoma, two pancreatic adenocarcinoma, one non-small cell lung cancer, two breast carcinoma, one prostate cancer, one cholangiocarcinoma and one basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis. Three patients were enrolled in Study 1 and 14 patients were enrolled in Study 2. Twelve of 17 enrolled patients were treated with DeltaRex-G monotherapy or in combination with United States Food and Drug Administration-approved cancer therapies. Five patients died before receiving DeltaRex-G. Efficacy Analysis: Of the 12 treated patients, 5 (42%) are alive 15–36 months from DeltaRex-G treatment initiation. Two patients with early-stage HR + HER2+ positive or triple receptor negative invasive breast cancer who received DeltaRex-G as adjuvant/first line therapy are alive in complete remission 23 and 16 months after DeltaRex-G treatment initiation respectively; three patients with metastatic chordoma, chondrosarcoma and advanced basal cell carcinoma are alive 36, 31, and 15 months after DeltaRex-G treatment initiation respectively. Safety Analysis: There were no treatment-related adverse events reported. Conclusion: Taken together, the data suggest that 1) DeltaRex-G may evoke tumor growth stabilization after failing standard chemotherapy, 2) DeltaRex-G may act synergistically with standard chemotherapy/targeted therapies, and 3) Adjuvant/first line therapy with DeltaRex-G for early-stage invasive carcinoma of breast may be authorized by the USFDA when patients refuse to receive toxic chemotherapy.
Statistic model for coding subband images using VQ and arithmetic coding

A new entropy coding algorithm for the compression of subband images is presented. By combining vector quantization (VQ) and scalar quantization (SQ) with entropy coding, the proposed scheme exploits the remaining statistical dependencies among the subband samples, and keeps an optimal control on local distortion by scalar quantization. The system is based on a statistical model which uses VQ information to generate low entropy probability tables for an arithmetic coder. The bit rate can be shared between VQ-rate and SQ-rate, allowing many possible configurations in terms of performances and implementation complexity. The proposed system shows improved performances when compared with other existing methods.
Adhesive Bonding of Scots Pine Wood from the Szczecinek Forest District for the Production of Garden Equipment: An Experimental Investigation

This work aimed to determine the gluability of pressure-impregnated pine wood with two protection agents used in production technologies for garden equipment and their effect on the strength, water resistance and thermal resistance of joints, as well as their susceptibility to aging. The tests were carried out on Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) purchased from the forest districts of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Szczecinek town, Poland. For the impregnation, two commercial protection agents were used. The pressure impregnation of the elements and gluing with the PUR adhesive were carried out by a garden furniture manufacturer. The strength and durability after aging tests of glued joints were performed in accordance with the procedure described in Technical Approval No. AT-15-2948/00 and the PN-EN ISO 9142 standard. The collected experimental data can be used in technological solutions, mainly for processes which involve gluing wood after impregnation.
HYPERBOLICITY OF ALGEBRAS WITH INVOLUTION AND CONNECTIONS WITH CLIFFORD ALGEBRAS

Let F be a field of characteristic not 2 and let A be a central simple Falgebra. Recall that an involution on A is an anti-automorphism of period 2. Involutions that fix F are said to be of the first kind. Those that do not fix F (and so restrict to an automorphism of F of period 2) are said to be of the second kind. Those of the first kind are of two types, orthogonal or symplectic. (For more details see for example [1].) In this paper we will be interested in pairs ðA; sÞ, where A is F-central simple and s is an involution. The pair ðA; sÞ is said to be isotropic if A contains a nonzero element a such that sðaÞa 1⁄4 0 and ðA; sÞ is said to be hyperbolic if A contains a right ideal I such that I 1⁄4 I? , where I? 1⁄4 fx 2 A : sðxÞI 1⁄4 0g. If A 1⁄4 EndFðVÞ where V is an F-vector space and s is the adjoint involution arising from a quadratic form q on V, then ðA; sÞ is isotropic (hyperbolic) if and only if q is isotropic (hyperbolic). (For more details see Bayer-Fluckiger, et al [1] or Knus, et al [4].)
Comparative Pharmacokinetic of Curcuminoids Formulations with an Omega-3 Fatty Acids Monoglyceride Carrier: A Randomized Cross-Over Triple-Blind Study

There is a growing interest for curcuminoids in the general population and the scientific research community. Curcuminoids, derived from turmeric spice, are lipophiles and therefore have a low solubility in water which hence have a low bioavailability in the human plasma. To circumvent this issue, a natural product developed by Biodroga Nutraceuticals combined curcuminoids with omega-3 fatty acids (OM3) esterified in monoglycerides (MAG). The objective was to perform a 24 h pharmacokinetics in humans receiving a single dose of curcuminoid formulated by three different means, and to compare their plasma curcuminoids concentration. Sixteen males and fifteen females tested three formulations: 400 mg of curcuminoids powder extract, 400 mg of curcuminoids in rice oil and 400 mg of curcuminoids with 1 g MAG-OM3. Blood samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 24 h post dose intake. Plasma samples were analyzed by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). Twenty-four hours after a single dose intake, the total plasma curcuminoids area under the curve (AUC) reached 166.8 ± 17.8 ng/mL*h, 134.0 ± 12.7 ng/mL*h and 163.1 ± 15.3 ng/mL*h when curcuminoids were provided with MAG-OM3, with rice oil or in powder, respectively. The Cmax of total curcuminoids reached between 11.9–17.7 ng/mL at around 4 h (Tmax). One-hour post-dose, the curcuminoids plasma concentration was 40% higher in participants consuming the MAG-OM3 compared to the other formulations. Thus, in a young population, plasma curcuminoids 24 h pharmacokinetics and its increase shortly after the single dose intake were higher when provided with MAG-OM3 than rice oil.
Low-Frequency Dispersion-Function Factorization and Classification of P-SV Modes by Wavenumber Limits

The dispersion function for P-SV wave propagation in a laterally homogeneous fluid-solid medium is a characteristic function for a multi-point boundary-value problem, and it can be expressed as a product of compound-matrix propagators. It is studied asymptotically when the frequency tends to zero, as a function of the horizontal wavenumber. An entire function is obtained, whose zeros determine the limits as the frequency tends to zero for the horizontal wavenumbers of the wave-guide modes. The entire function can be factorized with scalar factors, which can be evaluated by solution of ordinary differential equation (ODE) systems. The order of its zero at the origin determines the number of modes with vanishing low-frequency wavenumber limits. Interface waves and different types of bending waves are particular examples of such modes. In addition, there will be one factor from each fluid or solid region. Hence, the modes with nonzero wavenumber limits decouple into region-dependent classes at low frequency, and they can be classified according to low-frequency connection to the different regions. The decoupling is elucidated by an asymptotic analysis of the mode shapes.
Differences in Subjective and Objective Cognitive Decline Outcomes Are Associated with Modifiable Protective Factors: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in older adults has been identified as a risk factor for dementia. However, the literature is inconsistent, and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We aimed to determine whether older adults with SCD had more modifiable protective factors against the risk of dementia and a lower risk of developing objective cognitive decline (OCD). We included 4363 older adults (71.7 ± 5.3 [mean ± standard deviation] years of age; 2239 women) from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Study of Geriatric Syndromes. SCD, OCD, and protective factors against dementia, such as lifestyle and activity, were assessed using interviews and objective cognitive-assessment tools. Based on initial cognitive status, participants were categorized into normal cognition, SCD-only, OCD-only, and both SCD and OCD groups. After 4 years, participants were classified as having either no impairment or mild or global cognitive impairment (i.e., OCD). Binomial logistic regression analyses were performed with the cognitive statuses of the groups at follow-up and baseline as the dependent and independent variables, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we found that the SCD-only group had more modifiable protective factors against the risk of dementia than the OCD-only group. Community-dwelling older adults with normal cognition or those part of the SCD-only group had a lower risk of developing OCD during the 4-year follow-up, which may have been due to having more modifiable protective factors against the risk of dementia. Additionally, these factors may contribute to the inconsistencies in the literature on SCD outcomes.
Health-related Quality of Life Outcomes Following Single or Bilateral Lung Transplantation: A Systematic Review

Background. Lung transplantation is the definitive treatment for end-stage lung disease. There has been uncertainty regarding whether single or bilateral lung transplantation confers patients’ greater health-related quality of life. This systematic review was performed to evaluate the impact of single lung transplantation (SLTx) against bilateral lung transplantation on short- and long-term health-related quality of life. Methods. A literature search was conducted on PubMed for studies matching the eligibility criteria between January 2000 and January 2022. OVID (MEDLINE), Google Scholar, EBSCOhost (EMBASE), and bibliographies of included studies were reviewed. Inclusion of studies was based on predetermined eligibility criteria. Quality appraisal and data tabulation were performed using predetermined forms. Results were synthesized by narrative review. The structure of this systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. This systematic review was prospectively registered in the PROSPERO register (CRD42022344389). Results. Ten studies (1916 patients) were included. Within 12 mo posttransplantation, there was no evidence of the improved health-related quality of life with respect to the type of lung transplantation procedure. Bilateral lung transplantation patients reported significantly greater scores in both the physical and mental health domains of health-related quality of life. Bilateral lung transplantation offered significantly better health-related quality of life outcomes at later follow-up periods. Bilateral lung transplantation showed a significantly slower reduction in health-related quality of life physical composite scores relative to SLTx. Conclusions. Bilateral lung transplant (BLTx) recipients perceive the greater health-related quality of life beyond 1-y post-lung transplantation. BLTx recipients better retain their health-related quality of life long-term posttransplantation than those receiving SLTx.