Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Causes of Autoimmune Psoriasis and Associated Cardiovascular Disease: Roles of Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Antihypertensive Drugs, A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Current treatments are ineffective to cure or prevent occurrences of autoimmune psoriasis and psoriatic cardiovascular disease/CVD. Psoriasis is associated with deregulated expressions of human endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) variants. ERV transcripts and proteins are detected in lesioned biopsies, without assembled viral particles, in addition to antibody and T-cell responses against ERV-K dUTPase. In persons living with HIV-1, manifestations of psoriasis are exacerbated variably. These may depend on multiple factors, differences in ERVs expressions, subtypes of HIV-1, and/or epigenetics. This article represents a quantitative risk assessment and meta-analysis approach with an attempt to assess causality. We surmise that mutated ERVs trigger aberrant proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, which in turn induce proinflammatory polarization. Independent risk factors and/or covariates with a range of relative risk/RR ratios appear to significantly impact the development of autoimmune psoriasis or immune intolerance, plausibly through ERVs genes activity. Given the antihypertensive drug's potential in psoriasis development, a probable role in promising either ERVs activation or perturbations in epigenetic factors is questionable. Although the correlational nature of the data based on RR ratios prevents making robust conclusions, we reckon that the likelihood of attributable risk factors for certain antihypertensive drugs may stem from their pleiotropic effects or potentials for inducing ERV-mediated dysregulation of keratinocytes and/or endothelial cells. These findings expand our knowledge regarding ERV activations and HIV-1, antihypertensive drugs use, and incidents of psoriatic disease, and call for exploring cell-specific therapies aimed at blocking or reversing mutated ERVs gene activity toward attaining stable remissions in psoriasis and associated CVD.
Associations between Social Contact, Sleep and Dietary Patterns among Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

Social isolation in adults can be associated with poor sleep and altered eating behavior. This study aimed to investigate the interactions between the extent of social contact, eating behavior and sleep in infants and preschool children. In an observational study, caregivers of 726 children aged 0-6 years provided information on sleep (i.e., duration, latency, bedtimes and nighttime awakenings), eating behaviors (i.e., meal size, consumption of sweet snacks, salty snacks, fruits and vegetables) and social contact (i.e., quarantine status, household size, social activities) during the Covid-19 pandemic (April 2020). In infants (0-3 years), the change in meal size and consumption of snacks, fruits, and vegetables did not significantly relate to the extent of social contact. For preschool children (3-6 years), a trend was observed, suggesting that quarantine status was associated with increased meal size. Changes in sleep duration, sleep latency, bedtimes and nighttime awakenings from before to during the pandemic were not significantly linked to the 3 variables quantifying social contact in both age groups. The study highlights that, contrary to expectations, the extent of social contact has negligible associations with infants and preschool children's sleep and eating behaviors. These findings indicate that other factors beyond social isolation play a larger role in shaping young children's eating habits and sleep patterns.
Occupational Exposure and Observance of Standard Precautions Among Bucco-dental Health Workers in Referral Hospitals (Yaounde, Cameroon)

Background: The risk of infection during dental practices is omnipresent for both patients and healthcare workers. Workers within the bucco-dental health services are among the most affected. The most reported infectious agents transmitted through blood and body fluids are Human Immunodeficiency Virus, viral hepatitis B and C. Compliance with standard precautions prevents exposure to hospital associated infections that are acquired through exposure needle sticks and splashes in healthcare settings. The aim of the present investigation was to assess the level of implementation and constraints to the observance of standard precautions in bucco-dental services. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in five referral hospitals in Yaounde, from March to April 2021, involving a purposeful selection of 40 bucco-dental health workers (BDHW). Workers were submitted to a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire covering their knowledge, level of observance of standard precautions and experiences of occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids. The data collected were analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 26. Results: Out of the 53 bucco-dental health workers (BDHW) who were selected for inclusion, 40 provided responses for a participation rate of 75.5%. The mean age of participants was 30.65 years and the M/F sex ratio was 0.54. Half of participants (58.5%) had a good overall level of knowledge of standard precautions. Less than a quarter of participants (12.5%) were compliant with standard precautions. Only 35% of BDHW had received training on hospital infection control, while 60% reported to have experience a needle stick injury in the last three months. Gaps in the observance of standard precautions included the lack of disinfectants (70%), application of hand washing techniques and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Less than half of participant (47,5%) were fully vaccinated against hepatitis B. Conclusion: Most bucco-dental health workers had insufficient knowledge of standard precautions, most of whom had experienced needlestick injuries and accidental exposure to body fluids, and were at high risk of hospital acquired infections. There is an urgent need to establish and strengthen hospital-based infection control committees to ensure training and implementation of infection prevention measures in local healthcare settings. A framework for the nationwide scale up of such interventions should be explored.
Modeling the predictive role of music teachers’ job commitment and optimism in their sense of self-efficacy

Introduction Teachers’ psychological factors have been argued to influence various aspects of music education. However, scant research has explored the psycho-affective aspects of music teachers’ work. To solve this shortage of research, this study examined the predictive role of Chinese music teachers’ job commitment and academic optimism in their self-efficacy. Methods To this end, 340 music teachers from four universities in Henan Province completed an online survey including three questionnaires. Results The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) and regression analysis demonstrated that music teachers’ self-efficacy could be positively and significantly predicted by their optimism and job commitment. Discussion The study provided implications for music education to pay further attention to the psychology of teaching in this field. Finally, directions for further research are presented to scholars, who are interested in the psycho-emotional side of music education.
Altered profiles of circulating cytokines in chronic liver diseases (NAFLD/HCC): Impact of the PNPLA3 I148M risk allele

Background: Individuals carrying the risk variant p.I148M of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) have a higher susceptibility to fatty liver diseases and associated complications, including HCC, a cancer closely linked to chronic inflammation. Here, we assessed circulating cytokine profiles for patients with chronic liver diseases genotyped for PNPLA3. Methods: Serum concentrations of 22 cytokines were measured by multiplex sandwich-ELISA. The cohort comprised 123 individuals: 67 patients with NAFLD without cirrhosis (57 steatosis, 10 NASH), 24 patients with NAFLD with cirrhosis, 21 patients with HCC (15 cirrhosis), and 11 healthy controls. Receiver operator characteristic analyses were performed to assess the suitability of the cytokine profiles for the prediction of steatosis, cirrhosis, and HCC. Results: HGF, IL-6, and IL-8 levels were increased in patients, with ∼2-fold higher levels in patients with cirrhosis versus healthy, while platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) showed lower concentrations compared to controls. Migration inhibitory factor and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were found at higher levels in NAFLD samples (maximum: NAFLD-cirrhosis) versus healthy controls and HCC samples. In receiver operator characteristic analyses, migration inhibitory factor, IL-8, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 yielded high sensitivity scores for predicting noncirrhotic NAFLD (vs. healthy). The top combination to predict cirrhosis was HGF plus PDGF-BB. Migration inhibitory factor performed best to discriminate HCC from NAFLD; the addition of monokine induced gamma (MIG), RANTES, IL-4, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), or IL-17A as second parameters further increased the AUC values (> 0.9). No significant impact of the PNPLA3 I148M allele on cytokine levels was observed in this cohort. Conclusions: Cytokines have biomarker potential in patients with fatty liver, possibly suited for early HCC detection in patients with fatty liver. Patients carrying the PNPLA3 risk allele did not present significantly different levels of circulating cytokines.
Organotypic heterogeneity in microvascular endothelial cell responses in sepsis—a molecular treasure trove and pharmacological Gordian knot

In the last decades, it has become evident that endothelial cells (ECs) in the microvasculature play an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Studies on how ECs orchestrate leukocyte recruitment, control microvascular integrity and permeability, and regulate the haemostatic balance have provided a wealth of knowledge and potential molecular targets that could be considered for pharmacological intervention in sepsis. Yet, this information has not been translated into effective treatments. As MODS affects specific vascular beds, (organotypic) endothelial heterogeneity may be an important contributing factor to this lack of success. On the other hand, given the involvement of ECs in sepsis, this heterogeneity could also be leveraged for therapeutic gain to target specific sites of the vasculature given its full accessibility to drugs. In this review, we describe current knowledge that defines heterogeneity of organ-specific microvascular ECs at the molecular level and elaborate on studies that have reported EC responses across organ systems in sepsis patients and animal models of sepsis. We discuss hypothesis-driven, single-molecule studies that have formed the basis of our understanding of endothelial cell engagement in sepsis pathophysiology, and include recent studies employing high-throughput technologies. The latter deliver comprehensive data sets to describe molecular signatures for organotypic ECs that could lead to new hypotheses and form the foundation for rational pharmacological intervention and biomarker panel development. Particularly results from single cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics studies are eagerly awaited as they are expected to unveil the full spatiotemporal signature of EC responses to sepsis. With increasing awareness of the existence of distinct sepsis subphenotypes, and the need to develop new drug regimen and companion diagnostics, a better understanding of the molecular pathways exploited by ECs in sepsis pathophysiology will be a cornerstone to halt the detrimental processes that lead to MODS.
Ecological factors affecting the distribution of zooplankton community in the Massa Lagoon (Southern Morocco)

In this study, the zooplankton structure and the water quality of Massa Lagoon were investigated. Samples were collected biweekly at the three stations for 6 months from winter to summer 2008. Results show that the state of the lagoon is a hyper-eutrophic environment, characterized by high levels of chlorophyll-a and nitrogen. Pollution-tolerant zooplankton such as Brachionus was the dominant species in the lagoon. A total of 61 taxa were recorded, including 35 rotifers, 13 copepods, 5 ostracods, 6 protozoa and 6 cladocera. Salinity and nutrients in the water were the main environmental factors that affected the distribution of the zooplankton species.
Palaeomagnetic Results from Palaeozoic Rocks of South-east Australia

Summary Palaeomagnetic results have been obtained from igneous rocks whose ages range from Middle Silurian (Wenlockian) to Lower Carboniferous (VisCan). A collection of 210 samples from four areas of south-east Australia was studied. The use of alternating field demagnetization procedures enabled the directions of presumed original magnetization to be isolated for the various formations. A conglomerate test provided additional stability evidence for the result from one formation. Calculated palaeomagnetic pole positions are as follows: Isismurra Formation and Lower Kuttung Series (VisCan)-34"E, 73"N with A,, = 21"; Lochiel Formation (Upper Devonian)-14OoE, 58"N with A,, = 7"; Ainslie Volcanics (Lower Devonian)-l73"E, 71"N with A,, = 10"; Bowning Group (Gedinnian Stage, Lower Devonian)-225"E, 64"N with A,, = 9"; Laidlaw Formation, Douro Volcanics and Hawkins ' Series ' (Wenlockian-Ludlovian, Middle-Upper Silurian)91"E, 54"N with A,, = 7".
Spatial coherence and potential predictability assessment of intraseasonal statistics of wet and dry spells over Equatorial Eastern Africa

The aim of this study was to derive components of the intraseasonal rainfall variations from the daily rainfall in the Equatorial Eastern Africa region and assess their spatial coherence, a pointer to their potential predictability. Daily rainfall observations from 36 stations distributed over Equatorial Eastern Africa and extending from 1962 to 2000 were used. The March to May and October to December periods commonly referred to as the long and short rainfall seasons respectively were considered.
Frictional Melting Processes in Planetary Materials: From Hypervelocity Impact to Earthquakes

Frictional melting is the result of the conversion of mechanical deformation to heat under adiabatic conditions of slip. Within planetary materials, which are mainly natural ceramics, frictional melting occurs at high strain rates (typically >10 −2 s −1 ) and at slip velocities greater than 0.1 m s −1 . T he pathway to friction melting is controlled by the mechanical properties of a rock’s constituent minerals, especially fracture toughness. Minerals with the lowest fracture toughnesses and breakdown temperatures are preferentially comminuted and fused to form the melt. The product is a polyphase suspension comprising mineral and rock fragments enclosed in a liquid matrix. This cools to form the rock type known as pseudotachylyte, and at even higher strain rates, it forms shock veins in meteorites and in impact craters, which may contain high-pressure mineral polymorphs. The generation of melt on sliding surfaces can lubricate earthquake faults, facilitate the post-shock modification of impact craters, and make landslides more hazardous.
A new insight from space into swell propagation and crossing in the global oceans

A half‐century ago, it was recorded that ocean swells can propagate up to halfway around the globe. However, from a global perspective, how ocean swells propagate in the global oceans has yet to be depicted. To date, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is the only available remote sensing instrument to measure the two‐dimensional information of ocean surface waves. Here a 10 year (2002–2012) global wave data set of the spaceborne advanced SAR on board the European Space Agency's satellite Envisat and the global wind data set of the WindSat were used to (1) depict the propagation routes of ocean swells in the global oceans, (2) identify four distinguished crossing swell “pools,” and (3) interpret how these pools are formed. Together, these findings yield a new insight into ocean swells propagation and the consequent occurrence of crossing swells on a global ocean scale from space, which will further deepen our understanding of nature of ocean.
Prevalence of lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of cross‐sectional studies

Abstract Introduction Lumbopelvic pain (LPP) is common in pregnant women and has a significant negative effect on physical and psychological health. In this study, for the first time, we conduct a meta‐analysis to estimate the overall prevalence of LPP among pregnant women and clarify the reasons for the differences in the estimated results. Material and methods A systematic search of four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) was conducted from inception until October 2022. Two reviewers conducted a methodological quality assessment. Random‐effects model analysis was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and the 95% confidence interval. Chi‐square tests and I 2‐values were used to assess the heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis (according to the participants’ continent, age, body mass index [BMI], gestational age and study risk of bias), sensitivity analysis and random‐effects meta‐regression were used to explore the the sources of heterogeneity. Results Of the 1661 unique citations, 38 studies (21 533 pregnant participants) were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of LPP during pregnancy was 63% (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.69), with significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 99.1%, P < 0.001). The prevalence differed by participants’ continents, 71% (North America), 74% (South America), 63% (Asia), 64% (Europe), 59% (Africa) and 45% (Oceania). The prevalence differed by BMI, 64% (BMI <25), 64% (25 ≤ BMI ≤ 28), and 71% (BMI >28). The prevalence differed by age, 72% (age <25 years), 58% (25 ≤ age ≤ 30 years), and 69% (age >30 years). The prevalence were the same differed by study risk of bias, 63% (both low and moderate risk of bias studies). The prevalence were similar by gestational age, 62% (second trimester) and 63% (third trimester). Conclusions Lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy is common; about three‐fifths of pregnant women experience LPP. More prevention and intervention research for lumbopelvic should be conducted in pregnant women with different clinical characteristics.
Interpretable prediction models for widespread m6A RNA modification across cell lines and tissues

Abstract Motivation RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in Homo sapiens plays vital roles in a variety of biological functions. Precise identification of m6A modifications is thus essential to elucidation of their biological functions and underlying molecular-level mechanisms. Currently available high-throughput single-nucleotide-resolution m6A modification data considerably accelerated the identification of RNA modification sites through the development of data-driven computational methods. Nevertheless, existing methods have limitations in terms of the coverage of single-nucleotide-resolution cell lines and have poor capability in model interpretations, thereby having limited applicability. Results In this study, we present CLSM6A, comprising a set of deep learning-based models designed for predicting single-nucleotide-resolution m6A RNA modification sites across eight different cell lines and three tissues. Extensive benchmarking experiments are conducted on well-curated datasets and accordingly, CLSM6A achieves superior performance than current state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, CLSM6A is capable of interpreting the prediction decision-making process by excavating critical motifs activated by filters and pinpointing highly concerned positions in both forward and backward propagations. CLSM6A exhibits better portability on similar cross-cell line/tissue datasets, reveals a strong association between highly activated motifs and high-impact motifs, and demonstrates complementary attributes of different interpretation strategies. Availability and implementation The webserver is available at http://csbio.njust. edu.cn/bioinf/clsm6a. The datasets and code are available at https://github.com/zhangying-njust/CLSM6A/.
Comparative cardiovascular safety with janus kinase inhibitors and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs as used in clinical practice: an observational cohort study from Sweden in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objectives To compare the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi), tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), or other biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), in clinical practice, and to contextualise these findings by comparing to the Swedish RA population and general population at large. Methods Patients with RA initiating JAKi, TNFi and non-TNFi bDMARDs were identified in the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register between 2016 and 2021. Through linkages to national registers, a cohort of patients with RA, general population comparators, as well as covariates and incident major acute CV event (MACE, including myocardial infarction, stroke and fatal CV events) were identified until 2022. Crude and age-sex standardised rates were calculated and HRs estimated from multivariable Cox regression models using TNFi as reference. Results We identified 13 492 patients with RA initiating a JAKi, non-TNFi bDMARD or TNFi treatment. Among 3037 JAKi-initiators, 59 MACE events were observed. The age-sex standardised rates for MACE were similar in the JAKi (0.88 per 100 person years) and TNFi (0.91) cohorts. Fully adjusted models showed no increased rate of MACE with JAKi (HR=0.71, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.99), or non-TNFi bDMARD (HR=0.98; 95% CI 0.78 to 1.23) in comparison to TNFi. We found no evidence that this HR changed over time since treatment initiation. In a CV-enriched subset, we observed higher rates but similar HRs. Conclusions As used in present clinical practice in Sweden, we found no evidence that CV risk is higher with JAKis than TNFis in RA.
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary: A Diagnostic Work-Up

Abstract The current work-up of the primary tumor site of a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary is not standardized and results in several time-consuming procedures that delay treatment initiation. This article seeks to consolidate contemporary strategies used to identify the primary tumor site of an unknown primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and offer recommendations based on current literature review.