Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Auditor characteristics, independent director’s characteristics and Economic attributes influences financial reporting quality; Evidence from Pakistan

This paper examines the role played by independent directors in monitoring the financial reporting process and its effects on certain personal characteristics and also examine the relationship between auditor characteristics like auditor brand name auditor presence and some economical attributes like GDP and Inflation. In particular, it encompasses the tenure and the number of directorships that independent director’s hold. The data was collected from Pakistani listed firms for eight years i.e. 2010-2017. A positive relationship between board independence and financial reporting quality has been concluded after applying various robustness checks as well as sensitivity analyses. In our results presence of the independent directors in total board composition increase the financial reporting quality by decreasing the total report lags. It means that when independent directors have influence in taking timely decision and firms release financial report in early time. Board independent directors has no impact on the financial reporting quality. In our results auditor characteristics play very important role in timely release of the financial reporting and has positive significant relationship with reporting quality. Economical attributes also has positive relationship in financial reporting quality.
Novice therapists in a developing context: Extending the reach of hand rehabilitation

Introduction Hand rehabilitation needs in some parts of the world extend beyond the impact of specialised hand therapists. This study aimed to establish what hand rehabilitation services novice occupational therapists in South Africa were providing; the supports and barriers for such services; and, therapists’ perceptions of being equipped for hand rehabilitation. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, and an online questionnaire was sent to all occupational therapists in their first year of practice (n = 240). Data were analysed with Stata 12 and IBM SPSS Statistics, version 21.0. Responses to open ended questions were post-coded. Results A 43.3% response rate was obtained. Participants (n = 104) treated an average of 20 clients requiring hand rehabilitation per month often without adequate equipment (73%). Central nervous system (91.3%), bone and joint (72.8%) and arthritic conditions (72.4%) were treated most frequently. Most participants felt confident (64%) and competent (79%) in hand rehabilitation. Conclusion Participants were undertaking hand rehabilitation that in other contexts is considered to require specialised skills. To ensure quality rehabilitation, supervision and mentoring of novice therapists and appropriate professional development opportunities are required.
Emotion-based personality traits and associations with conflict tactics and relationship satisfaction in romantic relationships

Emotion-Based Personality Traits and Associations with Conflict Tactics and Relationship Satisfaction in Romantic Relationships By: Christine A. Rudnicki The purpose of this study was to assess the role that emotion based personality traits play in conflict tactic choice and relationship satisfaction in romantic relationships. The researchers proposed that emotional intelligence and affective orientation influenced the choice of verbally aggressive or reasoning tactics use and their subsequent affects on overall relationship satisfaction. 159 participants, 84 men and 75 women, from a large Mid-Atlantic university participated in this study. Results showed that emotional intelligence and affective orientation were significantly correlated (r=.58), and that affective orientation in combination of the participants perceptions of their partners use of verbally aggressive, and reasoning tactics had the most influence on relationship satisfaction. There were gender differences in affective orientation and emotional intelligence, with females scoring higher, but not in the choice of conflict tactics.
Coaching for change

As discussions about what should be included in the Sixth Community Pharmacy Agreement (6CPA) gather pace, and pharmacists report that a service orientation offers the key opportunity for community pharmacy, it is important to remember that although a program or service has been shown to have good outcomes for patients, this does not mean it will be easy to implement in practice.
Seasonal variations in vitamin D levels in HIV-infected patients

D metabolism D Abstract Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) are at high risk for vitamin D insufficiency, which is essentially caused by interference of medication with vitamin D metabolism. Under these conditions, the preservation of natural seasonal variability in vitamin D concentrations is not self-evident. Yet, for proper screening and interpretation of laboratory findings, knowledge about seasonality is essential. Aim of the study was to describe seasonal behavior in ART-treated HIV-infected patients in Central Europe. Material and methods: It was a retrospective single-center study. Patients’ medical records were screened for serum vitamin D levels, β-crosslaps, and surrogate values of bone turnover. Results: A total of 1011 datasets (625 patients) were evaluated. Overall, the median vitamin D level was 19.6 µg/l. In 207 (16.4%) datasets, patients were receiving oral cholecalciferol supplementation. Seasonal changes in serum vitamin D levels were reflected by minimum levels (median 13.5 µg/l) in March and maximum levels (median 23.7 µg/l) in July ( p < 0.001). In contrast, serum calcium levels were lowest in September and October (2.23 mmol/l) and highest in May (2.32 mmol/l). Conclusions: Significant variation in seasonal serum vitamin D levels was found in an unselected population of HIV-infected patients. This finding is in line with results from HIV-negative populations. Accordingly, the time point of vitamin D testing might be crucial for appropriate diagno-sis of hypovitaminosis. We recommend vitamin D testing between December and May to provide the highest sensitivity. As serum calcium levels did not demonstrate the same pattern, the meaning of this finding is unclear and warrants further investigation.
Association of adjuvant aromatase inhibitor with cataract risk in postmenopausal women with breast cancer

Background Aromatase inhibitor (AI) is a cornerstone drug for endocrine therapy of postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The relationship between AI medication and subsequent cataract risk is yet inconclusive. Methods A total of 1,697 postmenopausal, early-staged, and hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients from the prospectively-maintained database of the Breast Surgery Department at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were included, with 542 patients received no endocrine therapy and 1,155 treated with AI only. We explored the influence the use of AI or not and the duration of AI on the subsequent incidence of cataract. Results A total of 146 (8.6%) cataracts were observed in the whole study population. The incidence of cataract is highly related to age, with incidence of cataract in patients <50 years old, 50–60 years, ≥60 years was 2.9%, 6.9%, and 13.3%, respectively (P<0.001). There was no significant relationship between adjuvant AI use and cataract (7.4% in no endocrine group vs. 9.2% in the AI group) with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.20 (95% confidence interval: 0.8–1.7, P=0.30). The incidence of cataract in patients with long-term AI (more than 5 years) could be high up to 14.7%, but without statistical significance compared to those the shorter duration (P=0.52). Conclusions There is no significant association between use of AI and cataract in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Of note, age is an important risk factor for cataract and it is necessary to surveil the eye health in postmenopausal elderly women.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF METRONIDAZOLE DRUG (FLAGYL

A teratogen is an agent or drug or other substance capable of interfering with the development of an embryo and fetus that may lead to congenital malformation. Parasitic illnesses is increasing all over the world, especially in Iraq and developing countries, and Metronidazole (MTZ) drug is the therapeutic agent usually administered to children as well as adults at the reproductive age. In this study, we propose an evaluation of MTZ in order to analyze the potential damage in infants of Rattus norvegicus as an animal model. Adult female pregnant rats were treated with commercial MTZ. Different types of defects were evaluated using prenatal mortality, phenotypic abnormalities as parameters were studied and scored in pup 1 st generation of 40 adult mothers. They were divided into four groups: a) untreated pregnant females as a control; b) females treated with MTZ daily for 18 days as therapeutic dose; c) a double therapeutic dose; and d) a triple therapeutic dose. The results of this study showed that the using of Metronidazole (Flagyl ® ) during pregnancy in pregnant rats was a teratogen causing multiple different anomalies, birth defects and preterm birth to new born infants.
Evaluation of multi-functional fodder tree and shrub species in mid-altitudes of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

A study was conducted to evaluate the early growth performance and nutrient composition of some selected tree/shrub species in the fodder bank agroforestry system. Moringa stenopetala, Terminalia brownii, Morus alba, Melia azedarach, and Sesbania sesban were used for this study. Square quadrants of 16 m2 plot sizes were established with the RCBD of three replications. Seedlings were planted with 1 m × 1 m spacing between rows and plants respectively. The growth and chemical composition of the studied tree/shrub species were evaluated with one way ANOVA. The growth parameters and nutrient composition of the studied fodder tree/shrub species are significantly (P ≤ 0.05) varied. The nutrient composition of the studied tree/shrub species ranged between percentages of 88.3 - 90.6 of Dry Matter, 5.7 - 13 of Ash, 12.45 - 22.35 of Crude Protein, 11.8 – 23.5 of Acid Detergent Fiber and 18.1 - 33.6 of Neutral Detergent Fiber. S. sesban and M. stenopetala are the consistent and superior tree/shrub species with growth performance and nutrient content parameters respectively. In addition to this, the selected fodder tree/shrub species are well adapted in the fodder bank agroforestry system and have considerable nutrient constituents. Thus the studied tree species seems to be a potential alternative for complementing the basal feed. Key words: Fodder bank, livestock feed, South Omo, nutrient composition, agroforestry.
Controlling Shareholders’ Liquidity Constraints and Corporate Payout Policies ABSTRACT We show that firms that are partially affiliated with a business group reduce dividend payouts when their controlling shareholder experiences liquidity constraints. Our identification strategy relies on a series o

We show that firms that are partially affiliated with a business group reduce dividend payouts when their controlling shareholder experiences liquidity constraints. Our identification strategy relies on a series of reforms in China that mandate central state owned enterprises (CSOEs) to return to the government a proportion of consolidated net income of their controlled business groups. Empirical analyses reveal that listed firms controlled by these CSOEs experience a significant reduction in dividend payouts upon the inception of these reforms. The dividend reductions are concurrent with an increase in within-group borrowings and related party transactions, i.e. two primary channels of reallocating resources within the group. The dividend cut around CSOE reforms reflects CSOE managers‟ incentives to seek better career outcome, and is more pronounced when managers face a higher likelihood of demotion in the near future. Finally, the reduction in listed firms‟ dividend payout hurt minority shareholders‟ interests, manifested in lower level of valuation after the reform. We conclude that controlling shareholders‟ liquidity constraints exert a causal and first-order impact on listed firms‟ payout policies. JEL classifications: Dividend payout, Controlling shareholder, Expropriation, Business Group
Urinary Metabolomic Profiles and Netrin-1 as Diagnostics and Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury in Preterm Neonates

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has a higher incidence in preterm neonates, because full nephrogenesis is not completed until week 36 of gestation. Delay in the diagnosis of AKI using conventional biomarkers has become one of the important obstacles in applying early effective interventions. Handling of major biochemical classes of metabolites occurs in the kidneys. So, any changes in urinary metabolite concentrations may reflect impaired kidney function. Urinary Netrin-1(NTn-1) is a promising early up- regulated diagnostic marker of AKI across many types of injury. Objective: To asses metabolomics data obtained from the urine of preterm infants to uncover biomarkers that may be used in diagnosing or predicting the development of AKI, and to investigate the values of urinary netrin-1 in the early diagnosis of AKI. Methods: This study was conducted on 40 preterm neonates, they were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Al-zahraa university hospital. They were sub-classified into 2 groups: 20 neonates with AKI and 20 neonates with no- AKI. Urinary metabolomic profiles (UMP) of these neonates were determined by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and, urinary NTn-1 was measured by ELISA. Results: Metabolomics analysis revealed significant changes in 7 urine metabolites. They were: homovanillic acid, carnosine, betaine, glucose, allantoin and acetic acid which were upregulated, while hippuric acid was downregulated. Urinary Netrin-1 levels were significantly higher in AKI neonates as compared with no-AKI ones (p =0.000), and its level was positively correlated with urea and serum creatinine (sCr) (r = 0.520, p = 0.019; r = 0.482, p = 0.032) respectively. Conclusions: Urinary metabolomics is a promising tool to identify markers of AKI. They can identify at risk neonates before the disease process goes on, which may be helpful in early diagnosis and treatment before irreversible structural injuries occur. Netrin-1 is an early up- regulated biomarker for detection of AKI.
DMSO_A_225854 2799..2809

Toyba Endris Abebaw Worede Daniel Asmelash 2 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Dessie Referral Hospital, Dessie, Ethiopia; 2Department of Clinical Chemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Background: Diabetes mellitus is becoming an epidemic public health problem in developing countries such as Ethiopia. As the International Diabetes Federation indicates, the number of adults living with diabetes globally has been increasing from time to time. If early screening and follow-up are done, diabetes is a manageable disease. However, diabetes study at the community level in Ethiopia is limited and scarce. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the current prevalence of DM, prediabetes and its associated factors in Dessie Town, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2019 among people aged 18 years and above in Dessie Town, Northeast Ethiopia. A multistage sampling technique was used to select a total of 587 study participants. Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristic data were collected using a pretested semistructured questionnaire. Venous blood samples were used to determine the level of blood glucose and lipid profile. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes were based on the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Results: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes was 6.8% (95% CI 4.9–9.0) and 15.7% (95% CI 12.9–18.7), respectively. The prevalence of previously undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was 72.5%. Positive family history of diabetes mellitus (AOR: 20.24, 95% CI 4.74–86.43), smoking habit (AOR: 12.12, 95% CI 2.30–63.73), overweight (AOR: 21.95, 95% CI 6.73–71.603), systolic hypertension (AOR: 4.61, 95% CI 1.09–19.50) and hypercholesterolemia (AOR: 8.97, 95% CI 2.05–39.23) were significantly associated with diabetes mellitus. Prediabetes was associated with advanced age (AOR: 3.55, 95% CI 1.16–10.79), marital status (single) (AOR: 3.06, 95% CI 1.40–6.67), educational status (illiterate) (AOR: 2.35, 95% CI 1.04–5.35) and overweight (AOR: 2.11, 95% CI 1.05–4.23). Conclusion: There was a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes. In addition, the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was high in our study area. Therefore, targeting the control and prevention strategy to such modifiable risk factors associated with diabetes and prediabetes may contribute to the reduction of the prevalence and further complications of diabetes mellitus.
Teacher Support as Determinant of Academic Achievement

Measuring achievement is a major part of the learning process and informs educators of student talent and progress toward educational goals. Today’s modern society expects each one to be a high achiever. It has become an indicator of a child’s future. Parents, teachers and higher authorities concerned with effective academic performance of the students. Present study aimed to investigate the effect of teacher support locale and sex on academic achievement. For this purpose initially larger number of student Studying in government schools of Rajnandgaon district of Chhattisgarh state were selected out of which 646 students were retained as final sample. To measure the academic achievement of the student, over all marks obtained by the student in different subjects (viz-Hindi, English, Mathematics, Science, & Social Science) in class 10 board examination was used. The dependent variable of the study was academic achievement and independent variables were teacher support locale and sex. To analyze the data descriptive statistics, and ANOVA technique is used. The ANOVA analysis reveals that teacher support and locale affect independently as well as jointly to academic achievement whereas role of sex was not found to be significant. Key wordsAcademic achievement,Teacher support, Locale, Sex.
The Effects of Customization on Satisfaction with Mobile Systems

In the context of mobile commerce, many technology constraints, such as small screen displays and limited bandwidth, impede user adoption. It is crucial to customize interfaces, content, commerce transactions, and communication to meet mobile users’ need. This paper explores customer satisfaction with mobile services by expanding the expectation and desire disconfirmation model and incorporating constructs of perceived customizability and self-efficacy. This paper proposes a research model and method to validate the effect of perceived customizability on positive perception of service performance, expectation and desire disconfirmation, and satisfaction.
STEPS to a Healthier Heart: Improving Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Knowledge Among African American Women

ABSTRACT Background: African American women have the highest risk of death from heart disease among all racial, ethnic, and gender groups due to sedentary behaviors. Purpose: This article describes an intervention among 2 groups—a program group and an information group (intervention and comparison)—that assessed cardiovascular risk factor knowledge among African American women. Methods: The Coronary Heart Disease Knowledge Test was administered to participants prior to study participation. Participants (N = 345) aged 34–66 self-selected into either the intervention group (n = 166) or the comparison group (n = 179). Repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were performed to assess participant characteristics and determine whether changes occurred in participants’ knowledge. Results: Data analysis indicated no significant differences between the groups regarding knowledge; however, significant differences appeared between pre- and posttest scores over time. The 3-way repeated-measures ANOVA indicated differences based on education. Discussion: Results suggest that intervention duration should be longer to ensure that participants understand cardiovascular risk factors. Future research could assess African American women’s current cardiovascular preventative practices and add a qualitative component to provide context on knowledge and actions. Translation to Health Education Practice: Results confirm the need for culturally tailored, gender-specific programming to help close awareness and knowledge gaps.
Bioremediation Of Soil Contaminated With Cassava Effluent Using Organic Soap Solution

Cyanide is a chemical that is widely distributed in the environment and had harmful effects both on the environment and human life, if not properly managed. Soil remediation is among the most expensive treatments in the world nowadays. The objective of this research is to degrade the effect of cassava effluent through bioremediation means. To achieve this aim, thirty plastic buckets were filled with top soil and ponded with cassava effluent for twenty days consistently, and later divided into two lots. One of the lots was treated with organic soap solutionfor three days; after which the following parameters (cyanide, Zine, Copper, Nickel, Chromium, Potassium, Sodium and Phosphorous) were tested on the two lots. The results show degradation of the cyanide and heavy metals in the soil;and stabilization of the soil is a function of time,faster with treated soil samples. From the results, organic soap had significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on the degradation of the cyanide, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Zn in the soil within the treatment period of twenty-one days. and was able to stabilize the soil. In respite to the Na, P and K values in the two lots, it was found that the organic soap significantly increased their availability, making the soil more fertile. This research shows that there is appreciable level of soil detoxification arising from the usage of organic soap solution as bioremediationagent; and at the same time improving the essential elements (P, Na, K) in the soil.
Raising campus awareness on issues of globalization in veterinary medical education

Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine (RUSVM), due to its geographic location, provides an opportunity to raise awareness regarding issues of globalization in veterinary medical education, specifically in relation to diversity and acculturation. This manuscript discusses RUSVM’s demographics and raises awareness concerning challenges North American students may experience when immersed in an environment where the racial mix of the university is predominantly White, vastly different than the community in which it resides. RUSVM students, faculty and support staff (n=1448) were invited to complete the American Veterinary Medical Association climate survey. Survey response rate was 36%. Students and faculty self-identified as White (80% and 76%, respectively), and support staff self-identified as African American or Black (71%). Non-US Faculty reported a legal residence of Europe 8%, Africa 2%, or the Caribbean (44%), and support staff of Saint Kitts and Nevis (68%). Non-US students, most often indicated Canadian residency. Qualitative analyses resulted into three themes addressing university climate (35%), culture privilege (42%), and professionalism (24%). Matriculation of North American students wishing to study abroad should include deliberate discussions with respect to diversity, cultural and social contexts supporting acculturation, and adaptation to a broader academic environment.