Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The fitness of middle age to the elderly based on body mass index and age in the new normal era

Decrease in physical fitness occurs after the age of 30 years and factors that affect physical fitness include age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. This study aims to determine the physical fitness of middle-aged to elderly people between 45-74 years based on BMI and age. This research is a descriptive study with quantitative methods. The sample of this research is men who are active in badminton activities in Rejang Lebong Regency, which are classified as middle age to elderly people who are taken by purposive sampling. The data collection technique used the BMI test and fitness test. The results show that 1) The average BMI value in middle age to the elderly is 25.47 kg / m2, in the category of light fat. The average value of physical fitness in middle age to the elderly is 33.39, with a very poor category. 2) 26.3% of people have normal nutritional status, 50% of people have mild nutritional status and 23.7% of people have severe nutritional status. 3) 84.2% of people have very poor fitness category, 10.5% of people have poor physical fitness category and 5.3% of people have moderate physical fitness category. So it can be concluded that middle-aged to elderly people with high BMI have less physical fitness and the more middle-aged to elderly people have less physical fitness.
Design of raceway ponds for producing microalgae

Background: A raceway pond for producing algal fuels must be designed to minimize the energy required for mixing, otherwise the net energy recovery in the biofuel will be low. Results & discussion: Computational fluid dynamics modeling was used to characterize the energy demands for mixing full-scale raceways of various configurations. The locations of the dead zones and the conditions required for eliminating them were identified. The existing geometric configurations of the raceways were compared, to identify the best configuration. Conclusion: An inexpensive raceway configuration with a minimum of three semicircular deflector baffles and a modified end of the central divider was found to be the most energy efficient, while also being able to completely eliminate the dead zones.
Mothers’ experience of caring for home-quarantined children after close contact with COVID-19 in Korea: an exploratory qualitative study

Purpose The world saw a shift into a new society consequent to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which made home quarantine mandatory for a person in close contact with those who tested positive. For children, however, home quarantine was not limited only to themselves but parents, especially mothers were involved and required to quarantine. This qualitative study aimed to explore and understand mothers’ experience and their related psychosocial issues while caring for their school-aged children in Korea, who had to home quarantine after coming in close contact with COVID-19 positive individuals. Methods Data were collected from October 2020 to January 2021 via in-depth, semi-structured interviews with nine mothers of children who had to home quarantine. Interviews were conducted face-to-face in an independent space near the participant’s home or workplace (n=5) or via online platforms or telephone (n=4). The data were analyzed using thematic analysis through several iterative team meetings. Results Thematic analysis revealed the following four themes: “Unable to be relieved due to uncertain situations surrounding me,” “Blame and hurt toward me, others, and one another,” “Pulling myself together for my children in my broken daily life,” and “Changes in the meaning of life amid COVID-19. ” Conclusion The narratives show that mothers experienced psychosocial difficulties while caring for their children during home quarantine. It is necessary to reduce the social stigma toward individuals in home quarantine and establish policies to ensure work-family compatibility for such mothers.
Aggregate order release planning for time-varying demand

Order release is the interface between the control of the material flow through the entire logistic chain and the control of the production units. Order release mechanisms based on the workload control concept usually are based on functional relationships of time averages of work-in-process, output, flow time, etc. This causes severe limitations especially in the case of time-varying demand. The paper shows that order release can be designed as a hierarchical system with aggregate order release planning as the upper level; aggregate order release planning determines the amount of released work in the planning periods and thus decides on the time-dependent state of the production units and on the balance between inventory variation and production level variation. A decision model for the optimization of aggregate order release is presented that takes into account the dependence of the work centre output on the work-in-process and therefore can be considered as a workload control method. Simulation results show the performance of the model. It is concluded that the optimization model leads to improvements over order release models currently available. Further improvements of the model, based on better integration of research on the transient behaviour of queuing networks, are a topic of future research.
Usage Patterns and Meanings of High-Frequency English Verbs: A Multi-Word Expression Approach to Japanese High School EFL Textbook Analysis

This article aims to classify the overall uses of high-frequency English verbs in a novel methodology from both a pattern and meaning perspective, which has not be done in previous studies, with special reference to TAKE and MAKE. In the pattern-based analysis, all occurrences of these two verbs were collected from Japanese EFL textbook corpus, and the usage patterns of the extracted two target verbs were categorized into three major multi-word expression types: phrasal verbs, grammatical collocations, and lexical collocations. To further investigate the patterns of uses, some multi-word units consisting of three to seven words were identified as either semi-fixed expressions or fixed expressions. After the pattern-based classification, all the multi-word expressions identified were analyzed from a semantic perspective. This analysis revealed the new finding that all uses of TAKE (352) and MAKE (374) obtained from the corpus could be successfully classified into the three major multi-word expression categories. With respect to the pattern, the proportion of major multi-word expression categories showed similar results; lexical collocations were the most frequent, and phrasal verbs were the least frequent in both target verbs’ usage. In terms of meanings, the uses of TAKE were classified in a larger number of semantic categories (42) than MAKE (25). The obtained results have an implication that the novel methodology employed in this study is a valid way to the further investigation of the usage of high-frequency English verbs.
A DIAGNOSTIC DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR SELECTING BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN URBAN/SUBURBAN WATERSHEDS

Title of Document: A DIAGNOSTIC DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR SELECTING BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN URBAN/SUBURBAN WATERSHEDS Yan Wang, Doctor of Philosophy, 2015 Directed By: Dr. Hubert J Montas, Fischell Department of Bio-Engineering Dr. Kaye L. Brubaker, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Best Management Practices (BMPs) have become the most effective way to mitigate the non-point source pollution (NPS) problems. Much attention has been paid on NPS in rural areas, where agricultural activities increase the nutrients, toxics, and sediments in surface water. Urban and suburban areas are also major contributors of NPS, largely due to stormwater. For watersheds bearing various soil types and land uses, a single type of BMP cannot be the panacea to all stormwater and related water quality problems. There is a need for a series of spatially distributed small-scale BMPs aimed at reducing flow volume and improving urban stormwater quality. This research seeks to develop a Diagnostic Decision Support System (DDSS) for urban BMP selection. The process-based distributed hydrologic model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was used to simulate the hydrologic processes, estimate water quality variables, and to model the urban BMPs. The DDSS consists of three parts: a Hotspot Identifier, which locates the water quality and quantity hotspots; a Diagnostic Expert System (DES), which identifies the most likely physical reasons for excessive pollutants; and a Prescriptive Expert System (PES), which selects a proper set of spatially distributed BMPs. SWAT was calibrated and validated first to simulate pre-BMP watershed responses. The DDSS was then applied for BMP recommendation. The prescribed BMPs were modeled back into SWAT to quantify their effectiveness. Total Cost for BMP implementation was calculated as a function of BMP coverage area, BMP numbers and types, and residents’ preferences. Protocols for urban BMP modeling were developed based on the BMPs’ mechanism and the hydrologic processes involved. The DDSS was tested in Watts Branch, a small urban watershed in metropolitan Washington D.C., and Wilde Lake, a suburban watershed in Columbia, MD. Comparisons were carried out in terms of hotspots distribution and BMP recommendation between the two study areas. The hotspots identified and BMPs prescribed by the DDSS were also examined under future climate scenarios. The prescribed BMPs and GIS maps will be useful in agency-level decision making and in developing appropriate educational material for residents and the general public. A DIAGNOSTIC DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR SELECTING BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN URBAN/SUBURBAN WATERSHEDS
The Comparison of Students’ Self-Assessment, Gender, and Programming-Oriented Spreadsheet Skills

Previous research proved that teaching spreadsheeting from a programming perspective is much more effective than the widely accepted tool-centered surface approach methods. Spreadsheeting as an introductory programming approach allows students to build up schemata leading to contextualized, concept-based problem-solving. Furthermore, it provides tools for real-world problem-solving in other disciplines, and supports knowledge-transfer to database management and “serious” programming. The present study provides the details of a nationwide testing of Grades 7–10 students on how they evaluate their spreadsheet knowledge, which classroom activities form their self-assessment values, and the results of three spreadsheet tasks evaluated by the SOLO categories of understanding. The comparison reveals that most students’ spreadsheet knowledge is pre-structural. On the other hand, they assess themselves much higher, which is primarily based on the number of activities carried out in classes. Traces of conscious problem-solving and knowledge-transfer within the scope of spreadsheeting are hardly detectable, while knowledge brought from mathematics is recognizable. In general, we found proof that the pieces of knowledge remain unconnected, not allowing students to reach the relational level of understanding and build up long-lasting knowledge.
Flow Patterns in the Dog Descending Aorta under a Steady Flow Condition Simulating Mid-Systole

Hemodynamic factors are suspected to be involved in the localized pathogenesis and development of atherosclerotic lesions in the human thoracico-abdominal aorta. Hence, we studied the detailed flow patterns and the distributions of fluid velocity and wall shear stress there under the condition of a steady flow using five transparent aortic trees prepared from dogs as models of the human descending aorta and by means of flow visualization and high-speed cinemicrographic techniques. It was found that in all the cases the flow in the descending aorta was not fully developed to the extent to provide a parabolic velocity profile. Flow was disturbed at each junction, and most complex secondary and adverse flows formed at the branching site of the left renal artery adjacent to the lateral and posterior walls of the descending aorta. Furthermore, there was considerable interaction between the secondary and adverse flows formed at the branching sites of the four major arteries that stemmed off the descending aorta.
EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF HORIZONTALLY CURVED I-GIRDER BRIDGE BEHAVIOR

Past research has been conducted on the behavior of horizontally curved girders by testing scaled models and full-scale laboratory bridges and by analyzing numerical models. Current design specifications are based on this past research; however, little field data of in-service bridges exist to support the findings of the past research on which the current design criteria are based. The purpose of the present study was to gather field response data from three in-service, curved, steel I-girder bridges to determine behavior when subjected to a test truck and normal truck traffic. Transverse bending distribution factors and dynamic load allowance were calculated from the data collected. Numerical grillage models of the three bridges were developed to determine if a simple numerical model will accurately predict actual field measured transverse bending distribution, deflections, and cross-frame and diaphragm shear forces. The present study found that AASHTO specifications are conservative for both dynamic loa.
Routine Activities Theory in cyber victimization and cyberbullying experiences of Turkish adolescents

ABSTRACT The Routine Activity Theory proposes that the presence of a suitable target and a motivated offender in the absence of capable guardianship predict criminal behaviors. Prior research has utilized the theory to explain varied cyber victimization in different western and eastern cultures. The purpose of this study is to test the effects of adolescents’ online behaviors on cyber victimization and cyberbullying experiences from the Routine Activities Theory framework. Therefore, through this study, the paper expands upon this research to examine the cyber activities of Turkish adolescents on both cyber victimization and cyberbullying experiences. The participants were 1046 high school students between the ages of 14–18. According to the findings, Turkish adolescents’ cyberbullying and victimization experiences could be predicted from their cyber activities after controlling for gender. The results revealed the role of target suitability, exposure to a motivated offender and capable guardianship on both cyber victimization and cyberbullying in a more comprehensive model based on the Routine Activities Theory. Altogether, the findings provide evidence-based strategies for cyberbullying and victimization prevention at schools.
EFFECT OF SOWING METHODS AND PICKING INTERVALS ON THE FRESH YIELD AND SEED PRODUCTION OF OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS L.)

To study the effect of various planting beds and picking time on yield of okra, a research study was conducted at Horticulture Research Farm, Malakander, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. Okra seeds of cultivar Swat Green were planted into two different types of sowing methods (ridges and flat beds), and reduced to various number of picking (3, 4, and 5 intervals). The results of the present study revealed that okra plants sown on the ridges recorded maximum germination percentage (96.9%), fruit weight (22.41g), pod length (14.44 cm), seed pod-1 (48), 100 seed weight (6.41 g), seed yield (102.2 kg ha-1) and fresh yield (0.165 tons ha-1). Data regarding number of picking intervals showed that maximum germination percentage (92.7%), fruit weight (20.97 g), pod length (12.25 cm), highest seed yield (103.3 kg ha-1), and seed pod-1 (43) were recorded in 3 pickings. Whereas, data for maximum 100 seed weight (6.6 g) for picking intervals was recorded in 4 pickings and maximum fresh yield (0.148 tons ha-1) in 5 pickings. Infestation of weeds can cause a significant loss in okra yield which needs urgent integrated management. Cyperus rotundus, Echinochloa crusgalli and Digitaria sanguinalis were the main weeds observed during the study against which local farmers used various manual, mechanical and chemical control methods. It is concluded that okra plant sown on ridges and almost 3 picking intervals have significantly affected the growth and seed yield. Excessive use of chemical herbicides should be avoided to prevent environmental and human health hazards.
Multi-resolution, time-resolved PIV measurements of a Decelerating Turbulent Boundary Layer near Separation

We report on measurements of the time-evolving velocity profile of a turbulent boundary layer subjected to a strong adverse pressure gradient (APG) at Reynolds numbers up to Reθ ≈ 55 000 with an upstream friction Reynolds number exceeding Reτ ≈ 10 000. Near the point of flow separation high-resolution imaging at high camera frame rates captured the time evolving velocity profile using the so-called “profile-PIV” technique in a nested imaging configuration of two cameras operating at different image magnifications. One camera used an image magnification better than unity to resolve the viscous scales directly at the wall while the remainder of the roughly 200 mm thick boundary layer is simultaneous captured by the second camera. In the APG the variance of the stream-wise velocity exhibits no “inner peak” commonly found in turbulent boundary layers without pressure gradient influence. Spectral analysis further shows that the peak energy within the boundary layer shifts away from the wall toward lower frequencies. The overlap between the simultaneously imaged areas allows to assess and, to first order, correct for the effect of spatial smoothing on statistical quantities, spectra and related quantities. A multi-frame cross-correlation algorithm was used to process the extensive data base. In addition, a newly developed 2D-2C “Shake-The-Box” algorithm (STB) provided highly resolved particle tracking data beyond the reach of conventional PIV processing.
Effect of nest and floor eggs with visually clean shells on hatchability and chick quality in broiler breeders

The aim of this study is to determine whether the site of oviposition has an impact on the results of incubation of broiler hatching eggs. In order to determine this, eggs laid in the nest, eggs laid in the nest and then placed on the floor to cool and eggs laid on the floor were compared. All eggs had a visually clean shell, including eggs laid on the floor. A total of 1,800 eggs from a 59-week-old Cobb 500 parent flock were examined, divided into three groups (n = 600) with 4 replicates (150 eggs per replicate). Compared to nest eggs, floor eggs had significantly higher weight loss (p0.05), lower hatchability of set eggs and total embryonic mortality (p0.01), as well as a lower number of first grade chicks per incubator tray (p0.05). The percentage of contamination differed significantly between groups and it was the highest in floor eggs and the lowest in nest eggs (p0.01). Nest eggs placed on the floor did not differ statistically significantly from nest and floor eggs in hatchability, total mortality and number of first grade chicks per incubator tray, although these eggs achieved more favourable results compared to floor eggs (p0.05). The applied treatments did not affect the weight and length of the chicks (p0.05). This research confirmed that floor eggs, despite their clean shell, have lower hatchability and a higher percentage of contamination than nest eggs, which emphasizes the importance of maintaining hygiene in nests and preventing the appearance of floor eggs in order to ensure the maximum number of eggs suitable for incubation.
Grapevine Variety and Number of Canes Affect Dry-on-Vine (DOV) Raisin Production on an Overhead Arbor Trellis

Making raisins (dried grapes) is a laborious process and grape growers around the world are increasingly interested in adopting mechanized methods, especially dry-on-vine (DOV). The DOV method entails severing canes bearing mature fruit, causing them to DOV, after which they may be harvested by machine. The overhead arbor is an important DOV raisin trellis system, but basic agronomic performance of raisin varieties on that system are scant. Therefore, a three-year experiment was conducted to compare the performance of several raisin grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.), on an overhead arbor trellis, for production of DOV raisins. Grapevine variety, ‘DOVine’, ‘Fiesta’, ‘Selma Pete’, or ‘Thompson Seedless’, was the main-plot factor, and number of canes, six or eight, was the sub-plot. ‘Fiesta’ produced the highest yields, averaging about 12.24 Mg/ha raisins. However, ‘Fiesta’ generally had the lowest soluble solids and among the lowest raisin grades. The later ripening of ‘Fiesta’ fruit delayed harvest pruning to initiate fruit drying compared to the other varieties. Therefore, its raisins did not dry sufficiently to meet industry standards. ‘Selma Pete’, ‘DOVine’, and ‘Thompson Seedless’ had similar yields, generally about 20% less than ‘Fiesta’, but ‘Selma Pete’ produced fruit that were the largest in size, with the highest soluble solids, and that produced raisins of the highest grades, compared to the other varieties. Vines pruned to eight canes produced higher yields without sacrificing raisin quality. In conclusion, ‘Fiesta’ was notable for its high productivity, and ‘Selma Pete’ for its earliness and high quality, and both varieties had sufficient capacity to carry eight 15-node canes.
Test structures for analyzing proton radiation effects in bipolar technologies

Structures integrated onto BiCMOS test chips were specially designed to characterize the complex mechanisms related to radiation effects in bipolar technologies. Bipolar devices from two commercial processes were modified to include independent gate terminals. Through the use of gate control, the effects of radiation-induced defects on discrete bipolar devices and analog bipolar circuits can be analyzed independently, thereby facilitating a quantitative, experimentally verified, description of the non-linear relationship between the radiation defects and electrical response at both the device and circuit level.
Linking corporate social responsibility, cooperation and innovation: the triple bottom line perspective

PurposeDrawing on the resource-based view (RBV) and knowledge-based view (KBV) theories, this study contributes to deepen the knowledge that corporate social responsibility (CSR) exerts on firms' innovation, considering the role played by cooperation. The research also seeks to ascertain the factors that influence the development of business cooperation.Design/methodology/approachThe database used is the Community Innovation Survey (CIS, 2014) applied in the European Union (EU) during the time period 2012–2014. A sample of 7083 Portuguese firms were analyzed through the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). FindingsThe results suggest that CSR positively relates with firms' innovation, and business cooperation partially mediates this relationship. The outcomes also reveal that investing in certain types of innovation activities increases the firms' willingness to cooperate.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to encourage an open innovation strategy as an easy and effective way to cope with rapid trends and changes, since it demonstrates the complementary between innovation and cooperation, as sources of value creation. From a triple bottom line (TBL) perspective, it also highlights that CSR must include social, economic and environmental initiatives, and should be a part of the firms' innovation strategy. As a result, managers who intend to contribute for society in the long term should plan, monitor and manage all CSR dimensions.