Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complement and Coagulation Systems Molecular Intercommunication between the

The complement system as well as the coagulation system has fundamental clinical implications in the context of life-threatening tissue injury and inﬂammation. Associations between both cascades have been proposed, but the precise molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The current study reports multiple links for various factors of the coagulation and ﬁbrinolysis cascades with the central complement components C3 and C5 in vitro and ex vivo. Thrombin, human coagulation factors (F) XIa, Xa, and IXa, and plasmin were all found to effectively cleave C3 and C5. Mass spectrometric analyses identiﬁed the cleavage products as C3a and C5a, displaying identical molecular weights as the native anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a. Cleavage products also exhibited robust chemoattraction of human mast cells and neutrophils, respectively. Enzymatic activity for C3 cleavage by the investigated clotting and ﬁbrinolysis factors is deﬁned in the following order: FXa > plasmin > thrombin > FIXa > FXIa > control. Furthermore, FXa-induced cleavage of C3 was signiﬁcantly suppressed in the presence of the selective FXa inhibitors fondaparinux and enoxaparin in a concentration-dependent manner. Addition of FXa to human serum or plasma activated complement ex vivo, represented by the generation of C3a, C5a, and the terminal complement complex, and decreased complement hemolytic serum activity that deﬁnes exact serum concentration that results in complement-mediated lysis of 50% of sensitized sheep erythrocytes. Further-more, in plasma from patients with multiple injuries ( n = 12), a very early appearance and correlation of coagulation (thrombin– antithrombin complexes) and the complement activation product C5a was found. The present data suggest that coagulation/ lysis rFXI, FIXa, FVIIa, FVII, FVIII, TF, protein C, activated protein C, thrombin (FIIa), plasmin and plasminogen] at 37˚C in a dose- and time-dependent manner, followed by ELISA and Western blot analyses. Experiments were repeated in the absence or presence of selective FXa inhibitors (sodium enoxaparin and sodium fondaparinux). Human serum and plasma was incubated for 90 min at 37˚C with FXa (ranging from 0–100 m g/ml) and assessed for C3a and C5a production as well as the assembly of TCC using Western blot and ELISA analysis. differences in the mean values among the experimental groups were then compared using the multiple comparison procedure (Dunn’s method). For correlation analysis, the Pearson coefﬁcient was determined. Results were considered statistically signiﬁcant when p , 0.05.
Interaction of the FimB Integrase with the ﬁmS Invertible DNA Element in Escherichia coli In Vivo and In Vitro mutagenesis using ei-*

The FimB protein is a site-speciﬁc recombinase that inverts the ﬁmS genetic switch in Escherichia coli . Based on amino acid sequence analysis alone, FimB has been assigned to the integrase family of tyrosine recombi- nases. We show that amino acid substitutions at positions R47, H141, R144, and Y176, corresponding to highly conserved members of the catalytic motif of integrase proteins, render FimB incapable of inverting the ﬁmS element in vivo. The arginine substitutions reduced the ability of FimB to bind to ﬁmS in vivo or in vitro, while the substitution R144Q resulted in a protein unable to bind independently to the half sites located at the left end of ﬁmS in phase-on bacteria. These data conﬁrm that FimB is an integrase and suggest that residue R144 has a role in binding to a speciﬁc component of the ﬁm switch. FimB protein is one of two site-speciﬁc recombinases that invert the ﬁm switch ( ﬁmS ) in Escherichia coli (20, 24).
T HE I MPACT OF W AGE -S ETTING I NSTITUTIONS ON THE I NCIDENCE OF P UBLIC E MPLOYMENT IN THE OECD: 1960-98

Using data on 17 OECD countries for 1960-98, this paper studies the impact of unions on public employment incidence, using macrodata and microdata. Macrodata show that greater coverage by centralized collective bargaining institutions raises the public employment share, controlling for country effects and country-specific trends. Microdata show that this effect is more positive for outsiders: women, and younger and older men, suggesting that government is employer of last resort. Greater unionization lowers public sector wage premia, particularly for women, suggesting that some of the public employment results may reflect movements along the labor demand curve rather than conscious policy.
Nutrients Contaminant on Monitoring Wells in Agricultural Areas of Kuala Langat, Selangor

Agricultural activities have become one of the prominent contributions to the level of groundwater quality. This paper aims to draw attention to the agricultural pollutants that are associated with the groundwater deterioration. The potential parameters distributions from agricultural areas into groundwater were found to be as nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, ammonia and phosphorous. MWD5 monitoring well shows the highest nitrate concentration. The lowest nitrate concentration recorded was in BKLTW12 monitoring well where this station is located at the North of Kuala Langat Reserve Forest. The nutrients contaminants from agricultural areas were also calculated to determine the accumulation in groundwater according to the different depth of aquifers. It was found that shallow aquifer was more susceptible to pollutants from agricultural areas where the nutrients contaminant will decrease with the increasing of depth. The result shows that nitrate to be below the recommended level for raw water guidelines of Ministry of Health Malaysia except for MWD5 monitoring well. Meanwhile, only BKLTW16, and MWD5 monitoring wells shows exceeded recommended level for ammonia concentration. using in
Borel summability of Navier-Stokes equation in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and small time existence

We consider the Navier-Stokes initial value problem, $$v_t - \nabla v = -\mathcal{P} [ v \cdot \nabla v \right ] + f, v(x, 0) = v_0 (x), x \in \mathbb{R}^3 $$ where $\mathcal{P}$ is the Hodge-Projection to divergence free vector fields in the assumption that $ | f |_{\mu, \beta} 3$, where $$ | {\hat f} (k) | = \sup_{k \in \mathbb{R}^3} e^{\beta |k|} (1+|k|)^\mu | {\hat f} (k) |$$ and ${\hat{f}} (k) = \mathcal{F} [f (\cdot)] (k) $ is the Fourier transform in $x$. By Borel summation methods we show that there exists a classical solution in the form $$ v(x, t) = v_0 + \int_0^\infty e^{-p/t} U(x, p) dp $$ $t\in\CC$, $ \Re \frac{1}{t} > \alpha$, and we estimate $\alpha$ in terms of $| {\hat v}_0 |_{\mu+2, \beta}$ and $ | {\hat f} |_{\mu, \beta}$. We show that $| {\hat v} (\cdot; t) |_{\mu+2, \beta} < \infty $. Existence and $t$-analyticity results are analogous to Sobolev spaces ones. An important feature of the present approach is that continuation of $v$ beyond $t=\alpha^{-1}$ becomes a growth rate question of $U(\cdot, p)$ as $ p \to \infty$, $U$ being is a known function. For now, our estimate is likely suboptimal. A second result is that we show Borel summability of $v$ for $v_0$ and $f$ analytic. In particular, we obtain Gevrey-1 asymptotics results: $ v \sim v_0 + \sum_{m=1}^\infty v_m t^m $, where $ |v_m | \le m! A_0 B_0^m$, with $A_0$ and $B_0$ are given in terms of to $v_0$ and $f$ and for small $t$, with $m(t)=\lfloor B_0^{-1}t^{-1}\rfloor$, $$ | v(x, t) - v_0 (x) - \sum_{m=1}^{m(t)} v_m (x) t^m | \le A_0 m(t)^{1/2} e^{-m(t)} $$
Endogenous, Tissue-Speciﬁc Short Interfering RNAs Silence the Chalcone Synthase Gene Family in Glycine max Seed Coats

Two dominant alleles of the I locus in Glycine max silence nine chalcone synthase ( CHS ) genes to inhibit function of the ﬂavonoid pathway in the seed coat. We describe here the intricacies of this naturally occurring silencing mechanism based on results from small RNA gel blots and high-throughput sequencing of small RNA populations. The two dominant alleles of the I locus encompass a 27-kb region containing two perfectly repeated and inverted clusters of three chalcone synthase genes ( CHS1 , CHS3 , and CHS4 ). This structure silences the expression of all CHS genes, including CHS7 and CHS8 , located on other chromosomes. The CHS short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) sequenced support a mechanism by which RNAs transcribed from the CHS inverted repeat form aberrant double-stranded RNAs that become substrates for dicer-like ribonuclease. The resulting primary siRNAs become guides that target the mRNAs of the nonlinked, highly expressed CHS7 and CHS8 genes, followed by subsequent ampliﬁcation of CHS7 and CHS8 secondary siRNAs by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Most remarkably, this silencing mechanism occurs only in one tissue, the seed coat, as shown by the lack of CHS siRNAs in cotyledons and vegetative tissues. Thus, production of the trigger double-stranded RNA that initiates the process occurs in a speciﬁc tissue and represents an example of naturally occurring inhibition of a metabolic pathway by siRNAs in one tissue while allowing expression of the pathway and synthesis of valuable secondary metabolites in all other organs/tissues of the plant.
Efﬁcacy and Pharmacokinetics of Bacteriophage Therapy in Treatment of Subclinical Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis in Lactating Dairy Cattle†

Bovine mastitis is an inﬂammation of the udder caused by microbial infection. Mastitis caused by Staphy- lococcus aureus is a major concern to the dairy industry due to its resistance to antibiotic treatment and its propensity to recur chronically. Growing concerns surrounding antibiotic resistance have spurred research into alternative treatment methods. The ability of lytic S. aureus bacteriophage K to eliminate bovine S. aureus intramammary infection during lactation was evaluated in a placebo-controlled, multisite trial. Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows with preexisting subclinical S. aureus mastitis were treated. Treatment consisted of 10-ml intramammary infusions of either 1.25 (cid:1) 10 11 PFU of phage K or saline, administered once per day for 5 days. The cure rate was established by the assessment of four serial samples collected following treatment. The cure rate was 3 of 18 quarters (16.7%) in the phage-treated group, while none of the 20 saline-treated quarters were cured. This difference was not statistically signiﬁcant. The effects of phage intramammary infusion on the bovine mammary gland were also studied. In healthy lactating cows, a single infusion of either ﬁlter-sterilized broth lysate or a CsCl gradient-puriﬁed phage preparation elicited a large increase in the milk somatic cell count. This response was not observed when phage was infused into quarters which were already infected with S. aureus . Phage-infused healthy quarters continued to shed viable bacteriophage into the milk for up to 36 h postinfusion. The phage concentration in the milk suggested that there was signiﬁcant degradation or inactivation of the infused phage within the gland.
between infection and hepatic encephalopathy

[1] Piano S, Rosi S, Maresio G, Fasolato S, Cavallin M, Romano A, et al. Evaluation of the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and ascites. J Hepatol 2013;59:482–489. [2] Wong F, Nadim MK, Kellum JA, Salerno F, Bellomo R, Gerbes A, et al. Working Party proposal for a revised classification system of renal dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis. Gut 2011;60:702–709. [3] Arroyo V. Acute kidney injury (AKI) in cirrhosis: should we change current definition and diagnostic criteria of renal failure in cirrhosis? J Hepatol 2013;59:415–417. [4] Angeli P, Sanyal A, Moller S, Alessandria C, Gadano A, Kim R, et al. Current limits and future challenges in the management of renal dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis: report from the International Club of Ascites. Liver Int 2013;33:16–23. [5] Fagundes C, Barreto R, Guevara M, Garcia E, Sola E, Rodriguez E, et al. A modified acute kidney injury classification for diagnosis and risk stratification of impairment of kidney function in cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2013;59:474–481. [6] Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int 2012;2:113–138. [7] Tsien CD, Rabie R, Wong F. Acute kidney injury in decompensated cirrhosis. Gut 2013;62:131–137. [8] Moylan CA, Brady CW, Johnson JL, Smith AD, Tuttle-Newhall JE, Muir AJ. Disparities in liver transplantation before and after introduction of the MELD score. JAMA 2008;300:2371–2378. [9] Francoz C, Prié D, Abdelrazek W, Moreau R, Mandot A, Belghiti J, et al. Inaccuracies of creatinine and creatinine-based equations in candidates for liver transplantation with low creatinine: impact on the model for end-stage liver disease score. Liver Transpl 2010;16:1169–1177. [10] Follo A, Llovet JM, Navasa M, Planas R, Forns X, Francitorra A, et al. Renal impairment after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: incidence, clinical course, predictive factors and prognosis. Hepatology 1994;20: 1495–1501. [11] Fasolato S, Angeli P, Dallagnese L, Maresio G, Zola E, Mazza E, et al. Renal failure and bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis: epidemiology and clinical features. Hepatology 2007;45:223–229. [12] Moreau R, Jalan R, Gines P, Pavesi M, Angeli P, Cordoba J, et al. Acute-onchronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2013;144:1426–1437. [13] Angeli P, Rodríguez E, Piano S, Ariza X, Morando F, Solà E, et al. Acute kidney injury and acute-on-chronic liver failure classifications in prognosis assessment of patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis. Gut 2014. http:// dx.doi. org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307526.
Prokaryotes Rule the World Prokaryotes Rule the World

For millions of years, prokaryotic organisms have functioned as a vital selective force shaping eukaryotic evolution. It is now widely accepted that gut bacteria play a vital role in various physiological and metabolic activities of hosts, and thus, it is essential to main- tain their homeostasis. Previous studies have shown an association of gut bacterial imbal-ance (dysbiosis) associated with several pathologies. However, very little is known about possible mechanisms involved between bacteria and hosts to maintain their homeostasis in the gut. Bacterial activities, such as cooperation (biofilm formation, horizontal gene transfer, quorum sensing, etc.), antagonism, and combination, and host responses of their immune system, gut barrier functions, and different dietary components have been identified as crucial factors for maintaining bacterial homeostasis in the gut. Our under standing of several possible mechanisms involved in gut bacterial homeostasis should be widened to modulate their composition or treat diseases. The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of different factors involved in gut bacterial homeostasis with an emphasis on host intestinal barrier and immune system, dietary components, and quorum sensing. Also, brief information regarding roles of microbiota on gut-brain axis has also been included.
Design of a Deep Sea LiDAR system

Current subsea LiDAR implementations are inherently depth limited, and make LiDAR applications in the deep-sea costly. To this end, the SLiDAR project aims to develop a pressure tolerant LiDAR system for use at any ocean depth. This thesis elaborates the design and implementation of the laser pulse transmission of the LiDAR and the circuit which will supply the bias voltage for the Avalanche photodiode (APD) from the receiving stage. Although testing of the transmission stage showed the laser can be pulsed, there can be more optimizations done in the future as better laser system can be designed to achieve higher optical output power and an even smaller pulse width. Furthermore, future optimizations should be considered for the APD bias circuit as there were some minor problems in the PCB. Unfortunately, the LiDAR system as a whole was not tested in practise, due to time limitations. Hence, this thesis aims to provide a basis for future development, testing and verification of both the LiDAR system and its laser pulse transmission stage.
Genetic variation in Acremonium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) /

GENETIC VARIATION IN Acremonium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) MAY 1993 HONGCHUAN LIU, B.S., BEIJING AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY M.S., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS Directed by: Dr. William A. Torello The fungal endophytes in the grasses of tall fescue {Festuca arundinacea) and Poa autumnalis are considered to be Acremonium coenophialum. These endophytes grow intercellularly in their hosts and reproduce through seed without causing any visible symptoms. The endophyte infected grasses have greater insects resistance, more efficient nitrogen utilization, drought tolerance, high regrowth rates, and they are larger and more competitive in mixtures with noninfected plants. Acremonium coenophialum^ is, therefore, considered a potential biocontrol agent. The noted variation of Acremonium coenophialum with regard to growth rate, production of ergot alkaloids and isozyme pattern suggested that there is genetic variation within Acremonium coenophialum. In this research, the genetic variation among Acremonium coenophialum endophytes from four
Initial clinical experience of CrossBoss catheter for in-stent chronic total occlusion lesions A case report

Background: The CrossBoss coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) crossing catheter has been demonstrated to have greatly improved the success rate of crossing CTO lesions, but there are no published data on its application for in-stent CTO lesions. Methods: In the current study, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 8 patients with in-stent CTO lesions that were managed with the CrossBoss catheter and herein we report the ef ﬁ cacy and safety of the CrossBoss crossing and re-entry system for this clinically challenging condition. Results: TheCrossBosscatheterwasusedfor8patientswithin-stentCTOlesions,whichresultedinsuccessin6casesandfailurein2 cases, with a 75% success rate. Of the 6 patients with successful treatment, 5 cases had the occlusive lesions crossed with the CrossBoss catheter through a proximal lumen-to-distal lumen approach, whereas the remaining case had his occlusive lesions penetrated by the CrossBoss catheter and the guidewire. Two cases failed in treatment as the CrossBoss catheter could not cross the occlusive lesions. The 6 cases with successful treatment included 3 cases with occlusive lesions in the left anterior descending artery, 1 case with occlusive lesions in the obtuse marginal branches, and 2 cases with occlusive lesions in the right coronary artery, and the 2 cases withfailure intreatment hadtheir occlusive lesionsin the right coronaryartery. In addition, patients with a higherJapanchronic total occlusionscorewerefoundtohavealowersuccessrateofcrossingtheocclusivelesions.Noneofthepatientsdevelopedcomplications. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the CrossBoss catheter has a high success rate and is safe for in-stent CTOs and can be recommended for this rather clinically challenging condition.
Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes with Ischemia Resistant Gap Junctions

Ischemic heart disease remains the number one killer worldwide, and no therapies are aimed at restoring lost muscle within patients’ hearts. Human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) demonstrate engraftment and mediate beneficial effects on left ventricular contractile function in rodent and non-human primate models. Unfortunately, ventricular arrhythmias in large animal models post-transplantation prevent their clinical application. Loss of connexin-43 (Cx43) gap junctions (GJs) is hypothesized to contribute to hPSC-CM induced arrhythmias. Phosphomimetic mutations at casein kinase 1 (CK1) targeted residues that mimic the phosphorylated state of Cx43 reduced ischemia induced GJ remodeling and susceptibility to inducible arrhythmias in mice. hESC-CMs heterozygous for these CK1 mutations displayed ischemia resistant Cx43 GJs by immunofluorescence but were not protected from ischemia induced reentrant arrhythmias. Discovery of a frameshift mutation and a heterozygous genotype motivated production of homozygous CK1 hESC clones that merits further investigation as a potential solution to hPSC-CM graft-related arrhythmias.
To Be Transmissible and Colitogenic IL-22 Deficiency Alters Colonic Microbiota

IL-22 is a good candidate to play a critical role in regulating gut microbiota because it is an important inducer of antimicrobial peptides and mucins in the gut. However, whether IL-22 participates in immune homeostasis by way of modulating gut microbiota remains to be elucidated. In this study, we ﬁnd, through 16S rRNA gene-pyrosequencing analysis, that healthy IL-22–deﬁcient mice had altered colonic microbiota, notably with decreased abundance of some genera, including Lactobacillus , and increased levels of others. Mice harboring this altered microbiota exhibited more severe disease during experimentally induced colitis. Interestingly, this altered gut microbiota can be transmitted to cohoused wild-type animals along with the increased susceptibility to this colitis, indicating an important role for IL-22 in shaping the homeostatic balance between immunity and colonic microbiota for host health. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 190: 000–000.
TC-1 observations of a flux rope: Generation by multiple X line reconnection

[1] On 29 December 2004 the Double Star TC-1 satellite most probably stays close to a reconnection line for about 20 min. The direction of the X line can be evaluated according to the component merging model. During the time of observations, TC-1 also detects a flux transfer event (FTE). It is found that the FTE axis is parallel to such an X line. This observation is more in favor of the single X line and the multiple X lines FTE models, rather than the original Russell and Elphic model. Moreover, particular features of the ion distribution functions and the plasma behavior near the FTE seem to be more consistent with a multiple X line generation mechanism. The period under study is characterized by a large and negative Earth's dipole tilt, and the reconnection line close to TC-1 is found to follow the magnetic equator, passing northward of the subsolar/stagnation point. These facts lead to speculate that the FTE is generated when a secondary X line, probably passing through the subsolar/stagnation point and with approximately the same orientation of the X line near TC-1, is activated southward of TC-1.
The Use of Modified Cognitive Therapy to Eliminate or Reduce Depression among Persons with Intellectual Disabilities: A Case Study

There is a high prevalence rate of depression among persons with intellectual disabilities. However, persons with intellectual disabilities can benefit from appropriate cognitive interventions, an effective treatment for depression, despite their cognitive limitations. One such applicable intervention is a modified cognitive intervention that separates false ideas from reality (S), then puts things into perspective (PP), and finally aids the client retain healthy thinking (R) and discard faulty thinking (D) (SPPRD). This case study investigated SPPRD’s outcome in reducing depression in a client with intellectual disability. The SPPRD frame was used to correct the participant’s faulty thinking in a weekly session, about one hour every week for five weeks. Results of the weekly depression evaluations and one time QOL- related evaluation at the fifth week indicate the participant’s level of depression was reduced and his QOL improved after the intervention.