Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Problem-based learning supported by arguments scaffolding that affect critical thinking teacher candidates

This study aims to determine the effect of the PBL model with argumentation scaffolding on changes in the critical thinking of teacher candidates’ teachers in terms of personality type and gender. This research is quasi-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. 28 prospective teachers who take the algebraic structure course are the samples of this study. Critical thinking skills scores were analysed descriptively and statistically with normality test and paired t-test. The results showed that the application of PBL with argumentation scaffolding was effective in increasing the critical thinking of prospective teachers from the criteria of "less critical" to "critical enough" and the n-gain results were categorized as moderate when viewed from the aspect of personality type. and gender. The existence of differences in critical thinking that is influenced by gender and personality type is a research finding that must be considered to determine the learning model. Keywords: Problem-based learning, gender, critical thinking, personality type
The contribution of psychological barriers in predicting the cognitive load among the university students’ users of blackboard system

Psychological barriers are one of the most common problems facing individuals nowadays due to everyday life pressures. The current research aimed at identifying the extent to which psychological barriers contribute to predicting the perceived cognitive load of blackboard e-learning management system users. The research sample comprised (240) male and female among the University Students. The descriptive-analytical approach, specifically the predictive correlative research method was utilized to reveal the relationship between the research variables. The research main results revealed that there was a statistically significant correlative positive relationship between the psychological barriers and the cognitive load (intrinsic, extraneous, and the overall degree), and there was no statistically correlative relationship between psychological barriers and the Germane cognitive load. Besides, results concluded that the external psychological barriers were better at predicting the overall degree of the perceived cognitive load. Psychological barriers and cognitive load must be considered within the e-learning settings through making use of the results of the current study in developing training and counseling programs to reduce the students' psychological barriers and cognitive load levels. Keywords: psychological barriers; cognitive load; Blackboard system
On the Similarity Between Two Popular Tube MPC Formulations

Tube Model Predictive Control (TMPC) guarantees that a set of prescribed constraints is satisfied for all possible realizations of a bounded disturbance acting on the controlled system. In this paper, we compare two popular TMPC schemes, highlight the many similarities and few differences and close a theoretical gap by proving the existence of a unifying Lyapunov function. We demonstrate the theoretical results with the help of a simple example in simulations which highlights a case in which the two approaches differ.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the hypoglycemic efficacy of the mcIRBP-19-containing Momordica charantia L. fruit extracts in the type 2 diabetic subjects

Background The fruits of Momordica charantia L. , also named as bitter gourd or bitter melon in popular, is a common tropical vegetable that is traditionally used to reduce blood glucose. A peptide derived from bitter gourd, Momordica charantia insulin receptor binding peptid-19 (mcIRBP-19), had been demonstrated to possess an insulin-like effect in vitro and in the animal studies. However, the benefit of the mcIRBP-19-containing bitter gourd extracts (mcIRBP-19-BGE) for lowering blood glucose levels in humans is unknown. Objective This aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic efficacy of mcIRBP-19-BGE in subjects with type 2 diabetes who had taken antidiabetic medications but failed to achieve the treatment goal. Whether glucose lowering efficacy of mcIRBP-19-BGE could be demonstrated when the antidiabetic medications were ineffective was also studied. Design Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: mcIRBP-19-BGE treatment group (N = 20) and placebo group (N = 20), and were orally administered 600 mg/day investigational product or placebo for 3 months. Subjects whose hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) continued declining before the trial initiation with the antidiabetic drugs were excluded from the subset analysis to further investigate the efficacy for those who failed to respond to the antidiabetic medications. Results The oral administration of mcIRBP-19-BGE decreased with a borderline significance at fasting blood glucose (FBG; P = 0.057) and HbA1c (P = 0.060). The subgroup analysis (N = 29) showed that mcIRBP-19-BGE had a significant effect on reducing FBG (from 172.5 ± 32.6 mg/dL to 159.4 ± 18.3 mg/dL, P = 0.041) and HbA1c (from 8.0 ± 0.7% to 7.5 ± 0.8%, P = 0.010). Conclusion All of these results demonstrate that mcIRBP-19-BGE possesses a hypoglycemic effect, and can have a significant reduction in FBG and HbA1c when the antidiabetic drugs are ineffective.
On special developable ruled surfaces with pointwise 1-type Gauss map

In this paper, some special developable ruled surfaces with point-wise Gauss map are studied. Three different special developable ruled surfaces called rectifying ruled surface, generalized normal ruled surface and osculating type ruled surface are considered. The conditions for such surfaces to have 1-type Gauss map and also to be minimal are introduced. Finally, some examples are given for the obtained results.
Ultrasonographic Determination of Portal Vein Diameter Among Adults with and without Chronic Liver Disease at Selected Referral Hospitals in Southern Ethiopia

Background Measuring portal vein diameter (PVD) is a feasible method of detecting portal vein hypertension, which is a primary and fatal complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) and is usually diagnosed very late. However, there is a paucity of morphometric information on portal vein diameter in the Ethiopian population. Hence, it is important to determine the portal vein diameter among adults with and without chronic liver disease. Purpose The study aimed to identify how PVD is affected by age, sex, and anthropometric measurements in patients with and without CLD. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 participants (110 CLD patients and 110 controls) who have visited the radiology unit at selected Hospitals. Patients with CLD were selected consecutively as they present while controls were selected by a systematic sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Correlation and independent t-test were used to assess the relations. A statistically significant association was declared at P-value <0.05. Results Mean portal vein diameter for CLD patients was 17.03±1.97 mm with a range of 12.8−20.8mm and 10.79±1.27mm with a range of 7.70–13.25mm for the control group. Age, weight, and body mass index had a positive correlation with portal vein diameter in both groups. The mean portal vein diameter increased by 21.34% during deep inspiration in the control group. Conclusion The mean portal vein diameter among patients with CLD was higher than that of the control group. A significant gender-based difference was recorded in the portal vein diameter of the control group only. Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, readily available diagnostic tool for portal vein pathology. Recommendation It is recommended for clinicians to take into consideration age, sex and anthropometric measurements while measuring PVD.
On the denseness of minimum attaining operator-valued functions

Let be a bounded open subset of and be a complex separable Hilbert space. We define the following classes of functions on Along with a few finer results on denseness of minimum attaining operators, this article primarily deals with denseness of (i) in and (ii) in with respect to the supremum norm.
Repair and Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Buildings for Seismic Resistance

This paper summarizes a review of the literature on the repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings in seismic areas, with emphasis on the repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete columns. In particular, experimental and analytical investigations are described which provide information on the strength, ductility, and seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete columns repaired and strengthened by jacketing with or without added longitudinal reinforcement placed through the floor structure.
An empirical analysis of the impact of administrative intensity on the operational efficiency of the Victoria state local government system in Australia

ABSTRACT While a voluminous empirical literature has investigated municipal efficiency, much less attention has focused on the impact of administrative intensity on municipal performance. In this paper we seek to contribute to the empirical literature by examining the relationship between operational efficiency and administrative intensity in the Victorian local government system over the period 2014/15 to 2018/19 using a second stage bootstrapping Data Envelopment Analysis fractional regression model. We find that administrative intensity negatively affects the performance of local councils for the bias-corrected efficiency model. Moreover, administrative intensity exhibits a U-shaped relationship with municipal efficiency. We also find that administrative intensity has a differential impact on the efficiency of rural councils in contrast to urban councils. Various public policy implications are considered.
Are the Average Effects of Foster Care Placement Really Close to Zero?

In their provocative article, Barth and colleagues interrogate existing research on a series of claims about the child welfare system. In this reply, we focus on just one of their conclusions: that foster care placement does little, on average, to cause the poor outcomes of children who are ever placed in care. Our argument proceeds in three stages. In the first, we dispute the claim that the average effects of foster care placement on children are “settled” in any scientific sense. In the second, we note that the lack of agreement about what constitutes the appropriate counterfactual makes the idea of average effects of foster care placement in this area problematic. In the third, we problematize the idea that near-zero average effects equate to unimportant effects by showing how different types of effect heterogeneity may lead us to think differently about how the system is working.
A STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE OF GOALS AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCORING THE FIRST GOAL AND WINNING THE MATCH IN THE HUNGARIAN BEACH SOCCER CHAMPIONSHIP

Although beach soccer has become increasingly popular in recent years an only a minimal number of scientific research has been conducted in this area. The beach soccer is characterized by high intensity (HR max above 90 %) intermittent movements, which primarily requires the involvement of the anaerobic metabolic system. The objective of this study was: (i) to analyze the incidence of goals in the Hungarian Beach Soccer Championship in relation to the periods of the game that tend to occur; (ii) to identify the team that scored the first goal of the game, analyzing the influence of this event on the final result (iii) to identify and quantify the periods of the match won by the winner team. We examined all the goals (n = 1.065) in the Hungarian Championship (2016-2017) of beach soccer. We found that nearly 38 percent of goals are scored in the last period of the matches, the team that scores the first goal of the game features an average 74.44 percent probability of winning. We observed, that almost 24 percent of the teams, which achieved overall success also earned the 1st and 3rd periods. Thus, it is suggested that the higher incidence of goals in the 3rd period of the matches is associated mainly with the interaction of physical and psychological factors. Regarding the influence of the first goal on the final result, we assumed that the psychological factor appears to interfere with greater relevance.
The Nuanced Metabolic Functions of Endogenous FGF21 Depend on the Nature of the Stimulus, Tissue Source, and Experimental Model

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone that is involved in the regulation of lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism. Pharmacological FGF21 administration promotes weight loss and improves insulin sensitivity in rodents, non-human primates, and humans. However, pharmacologic effects of FGF21 likely differ from its physiological effects. Endogenous FGF21 is produced by many cell types, including hepatocytes, white and brown adipocytes, skeletal and cardiac myocytes, and pancreatic beta cells, and acts on a diverse array of effector tissues such as the brain, white and brown adipose tissue, heart, and skeletal muscle. Different receptor expression patterns dictate FGF21 function in these target tissues, with the primary effect to coordinate responses to nutritional stress. Moreover, different nutritional stimuli tend to promote FGF21 expression from different tissues; i.e., fasting induces hepatic-derived FGF21, while feeding promotes white adipocyte-derived FGF21. Target tissue effects of FGF21 also depend on its capacity to enter the systemic circulation, which varies widely from known FGF21 tissue sources in response to various stimuli. Due to its association with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the metabolic effects of endogenously produced FGF21 during the pathogenesis of these conditions are not well known. In this review, we will highlight what is known about endogenous tissue-specific FGF21 expression and organ cross-talk that dictate its diverse physiological functions, with particular attention given to FGF21 responses to nutritional stress. The importance of the particular experimental design, cellular and animal models, and nutritional status in deciphering the diverse metabolic functions of endogenous FGF21 cannot be overstated.
Investigating the Use of Data to Inform Instructional Leadership and Build Data-Use Capacity: Case Studies in Kuwaiti Context

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate how data are used to inform instructional leadership practices in three Kuwaiti public schools, in addition to the factors that impact building data-use capacity. This study conducted three qualitative case studies in high-performing public schools. The findings reveal that data usage in the Kuwaiti schools facilitates the diagnosis and mentoring of students’ academic performance, instructional supervision and change, and the establishment of new plans and activities. Furthermore, the factors helping and hindering the data-use capacity were also assessed.
Polymorphism detection of DGAT1 and Lep genes in Anatolian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) populations in Turkey

Abstract Acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol–acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) enzyme plays a key role in controlling the synthesis rate triglyceride from diacylglycerol. Leptin (LP, OB, obese) is an important hormone that synthesizes mostly from adipose tissue and regulates glucose metabolism and homeostasis. DGAT1 and Lep genes are closely related to reproduction, growth, milk yield and composition in water buffalo breeds. This study aimed to identify genetic variation in the DGAT1 and Lep gene regions in 150 water buffalo individuals from five different provinces of Turkey using DNA sequencing. A total of 38 nucleotide variations and indels have identified 761 bp long partial intron 2 and exon 3 and 5 ′ UTR regions of the Lep gene in Anatolian water buffalo populations; 422 bp long partial exon 7–9 and exon 8 regions of DGAT1 gene were amplified and two mutations were defined in the point of 155 and 275 nucleotide that is three genotypes for S allele and Y allele of DGAT1 gene in intron 7 in Anatolian buffalo populations, respectively. These SNPs may have an effect on reproduction, growth, milk yield and composition in water buffalo populations and may prove to be useful for water buffalo breeding.
Clinical Implication of KRAS Mutation Variants in Patients With Resected Colon Cancer.

Aim This study evaluated the clinical implication of KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (KRAS) mutation variants in patients with resected colon cancer (CC). Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 482 patients diagnosed with CC who underwent curative surgical resection at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital. The inclusion criteria were: Pathologically diagnosed with primary CC; stage I-III CC according to the 7th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system; and with available test results for KRAS mutation status. In total, 345 patients met these criteria and were included in this study. Results Among the 345 patients, 140 (40.6%) exhibited KRAS mutations, with their incidences as follows: 90/140 (64.3%) in exon 2 codon 12, 37/140 (26.4%) in exon 2 codon 13, 1/140 (0.1%) in exon 3 codon 59, 7/140 (5.0%) in exon 3 codon 61, and 5/140 (3.6%) in exon 4 codon 146. KRAS mutation status was not a significant prognostic factor for disease-free survival or overall survival. Although there were no significant differences in survival between patients with exon 2 codon 12 and exon 2 codon 13 mutations, poorer disease-free survival (p=0.085) and overall survival (p=0.005) were seen in those with exon 3 codon 61 mutation than in others. Conclusion KRAS mutation status was not correlated with survival, but exon 3 codon 61 mutation might be a factor for poor prognosis in patients after resection of CC.
Time and Altitude spread F echoes distribution over the Christmas Island VHF radar

Abstract. The goal of this work is to study the time and altitude echoes characteristics under different solar and seasonality conditions using the VHF radar RTI images. The occurrence of equatorial spread F depends on the existence of conditions that can seed the Raileight-Taylor instability, and these conditions can change with solar flux, seasonality, longitude distributions, and day-to-day variability. So, the equatorial spread F is observed as its time and altitude occurrence. The VHF radar of Christmas Island (2.0° N, 157.4° W, 2.9° N dip latitude) has been operational in the equatorial region for some time now, allowing long-term observations. The occurrence of echoes during solar minimum conditions are observed all throughout the night since the post reversal westward electric field is weaker than the solar maximum and the possibilities for the vertical plasma drift to become positive are larger. On other hand, echoes during solar maximum will be controlled by dynamics near the time of the Pre-reversal Peak (PRE). Our results indicate peak time occurrence of echoes along this period shows a well-defined pattern, with echoes being distributed as closer to local sunset during solar maximum and around/closer midnight during solar minimum conditions, meanwhile, the peak altitude occurrence of echoes shows a slightly regular pattern with higher altitude occurrences during solar maxima and lower altitudes during solar minimum conditions.
Cyberloafing: Minimalizing Work Stress on Millennial Generations Employee

In the era of industry 4.0, technological changes are accelerating rapidly. Internet technology provides many conveniences for employees to deal with their duties. The use of the internet that has become a characteristic of individuals, especially employees, has a negative or positive impact. This study aims to determine the factors that cause cyberloafing behavior in millennial employees, how the impact of cyberloafing behavior, what kind of work stress experienced by millennials and how cyberloafing behavior can minimize work stress in millennial generations. The research method applied is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is by conducting interviews with 2 millennial generation employees and 1 leader. The interview technique is done in semi-structured technique and list of questions are prepared for the interview which are developed based on the relevant literature. After the data is obtained, the presentation and data reduction are carried out, then conclusion is drawn. The result of this study indicates that cyberloafing behavior in millennial generation employees is an activity carried out by millennial generation employees to minimize work stress occurred during working hours in the company environment. This means that cyberloafing behavior among millennial generation employees is considered an activity that can refresh brain performance. This behavior is carried out to reduce or minimize the stress experienced such as entertainment when stressed, refreshing the brain from stress and boredom because they have to work continuously.
Innovative algorithms for the planning and routing of multimodal transportation

Grid networks provide users with a transparent way to access computational and storage resources. The introduction of (dense) wavelength division multiplexing techniques have made optical networks the technology of choice for data-intensive grid traffic. In a grid network scenario, users are generally more interested in the successful completion of their jobs than in the location where the actual processing occurs. Job routing and scheduling in current generation grid networks are managed by resource brokers, which assign each job to a resource and route the job in a unicast way. An anycast approach using grid-aware network algorithms would bypass the need for a resource broker and increase scalability.
Host Sex Modulates the Energetics of Pathogen Proliferation and Its Dependence on Environmental Resources

Sex differences in immunity are predicted to underlie much of the frequently observed sex differences in the prevalence or severity of infection. We propose the additional hypothesis that differences in the ability of males and females to acquire and use resources will also affect how readily a pathogen can convert host energy into transmission stages, thereby contributing to sex differences in infection dynamics. To test this we manipulated the resource environment of male and female Daphnia magna by altering the availability of food and then exposed hosts to a bacterial pathogen. We measured the production of transmission spores and virulence via the reduction in life span, together with feeding rates and changes in mass-independent metabolic rate, as a measure of the intake and expenditure of energy during infection. When raised in the presence of high resource levels, females more readily allowed for resources in the environment to be translated to pathogen exploitation, as represented by increased spore production, greater virulence, and higher energy use. In contrast, the traits of infected males were robust to changes in resource availability. High food availability thus exaggerated the degree of sexual dimorphism observed between the sexes. It also modified the relationship between host energy use, virulence, and pathogen spore production for each sex. These results suggest that a host’s resource environment can affect how a male or female is exploited by a pathogen and may thus be an additional factor driving sex-specific patterns of disease susceptibility or severity.