Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Climatic Factors on the Seasonal Fluctuation of Leishmaniasis Vectors in Central Morocco (Meknes Prefecture)

The impact of climate factors on the epidemiology of diseases in general and leishmaniasis in particular continues to be a subject of research and analysis. Changes in climatic parameters contribute to the creation of ecological conditions favorable to the multiplication of the vectors of certain diseases. With this in mind, this study presents an entomological survey conducted in Meknes prefecture and the study of the link between the abundance of sandflies, an indicator of the risk of leishmaniasis in a given area, and the climatic factors. Monthly trapping of this fauna was carried out during a year from March 2016 until April 2017 using adhesive traps. Climatic data from the region were used to determine the effect of climate on the distribution of sandflies. A total of 941 leishmaniasis vector specimens were captured. The dominant species is Ph. sergenti (73.32), followed by Ph. longicuspis (8.25%), then Ph. perniciosus (7.94%) and Ph. papatasi (6.31%). The sex ratio study showed that males are more abundant than females for all species. The seasonal fluctuation is bimodal with two peaks, the first in July and the second in September. The results show a positive correlation between temperature and abundance of sandflies (r = 0.99) and a negative correlation with humidity and precipitation with a correlation coefficient of r = −0.87 and r = −0.72. Indeed, the medium-term climatological forecasts are essential tools to develop a warning system for leishmaniasis.
Delivering Evidence-Based Online Concussion Education to Medical and Healthcare Professionals: The Concussion Awareness Training Tool (CATT)

Background Medical and healthcare professionals report an important gap in their training and knowledge on concussion diagnosis and management. The Concussion Awareness Training Tool (CATT) for medical professionals provides evidenced-based training and resources, representing an important effort to fill this gap. The goal of the current article was to summarize and describe the general uptake of the 2018 relaunch of the CATT for medical professionals and to present results of a quality assurance/quality improvement (QA/QI) assessment including qualitative feedback from medical and healthcare professionals. Methodology. Tracking completions via certificates and Google Analytics were used to measure uptake over the first two years following the 2018 relaunch and promotion of CATT for medical professionals. Medical and healthcare professionals who had completed the CATT from the time of the relaunch on June 11, 2018, to July 31, 2019, were invited via e-mail to participate in the survey-based QA/QI assessment. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Results Year 1 saw 8,072 pageviews for the CATT for medical professionals landing page, increasing to 9,382 in Year 2. Eighty-nine medical and healthcare professionals who had completed the CATT for medical professionals participated in the QA/QI assessment. Results showed that 85% of respondents reported learning new information about concussion; 73% reported changing the way they diagnose, treat, or manage concussion; and 71% reported recommending the CATT to colleagues. Qualitative data also indicated highly favourable opinions and experiences. Conclusions The CATT for medical professionals has demonstrated promise as a tool to promote knowledge translation practice and help fill the gap in concussion training and knowledge reported by medical and healthcare professionals.
Low‐temperature growth of aluminum nitride thin films on silicon by reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering*

Low‐temperature growth of c‐axis oriented aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films on silicon (Si) substrates by reactive rf magnetron sputtering was investigated. The structural and morphological characterizations determined by x‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were found to be sensitive to the deposition conditions, such as sputtering pressure, rf power, substrate temperature, and N2 concentration. A strong AlN (002) preferred orientation perpendicular to the substrate surface was identified at substrate temperatures as low as 150 °C by XRD and a densely pebble‐like surface texture of c‐axis oriented AlN thin films was observed by SEM. The cross‐sectional SEM photograph of AlN thin film showed a high degree of alignment of the columnar structure with c‐axis preferred orientation. The selected‐area diffraction pattern showed that the deposited films exhibited a polycrystalline microstructure.
Risk of Selected Fetal Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes at Advanced Maternal Age: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Introduction Pregnancy at an advanced maternal age is defined as pregnancy at 35 years or older. Today, women postpone pregnancy due to different socioeconomic and personal reasons. However, there was limited evidence on fetal adverse outcomes' association with pregnancy at an advanced maternal age in Ethiopia and particularly in the study area. This study was aimed at assessing the effect of pregnancy at an advanced age on selected neonatal adverse pregnancy outcomes in Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted on 303 exposed (35 years and older) and 604 nonexposed (20–34 years old) immediate postpartum women who delivered at Debre Markos Referral Hospital after 28 weeks of gestation. All exposed women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were sampled, and systematic random sampling was employed for those in the nonexposed group. The data were collected from 1st of July to 30th of December, 2019, by face-to-face interview and extraction from maternal chart using a structured questionnaire and data extraction checklist, respectively. Binary logistic regression (bivariate and multivariable) model was fitted, and wealth index was analyzed by principal component analysis. Adjusted relative risk with respect to 95% confidence interval was employed for the strength and directions of association between advanced maternal age and selected adverse pregnancy outcomes, respectively. P-value of <0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results The incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes including stillbirth, preterm birth, and low birth weight in the advanced maternal age group was 13.2%, 19.8%, and 16.5%, respectively. The incidence of stillbirth, preterm birth, and low birth weight in the nonexposed group was 3.1%, 8.4%, and 12.4%, respectively. The advanced maternal age group had three times the risk of stillbirth compared with the nonexposed group (ARR = 3.14 95% CI (1.30–7.00)). The advanced maternal age group had 2.66 times the risk of delivering preterm fetus (ARR = 2.66 95% CI (1.81–3.77)) compared with the younger counterparts. Low birth weight was not significantly associated with pregnancy at an advanced maternal age. Conclusion Fetal adverse outcomes including stillbirth and preterm birth were significantly associated with pregnancy at an advanced maternal age.
Early T-Cell Precursor Leukemia Has a Higher Risk of Induction-Related Infection among T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adult

Background Infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the reports regarding risk factors of induction-related infection are roughly unknown/limited in adult T-ALL during induction chemotherapy. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study for the prevalence and risk predictors of induction-related infection among consecutive T-ALL patients (N = 97) enrolled in a PDT-ALL-LBL clinical trial. Of 97 patients with T-ALL enrolled in the trial, 46 were early T-cell precursor (ETP) ALL and 51 were non-ETP ALL. Results When compared with non-ETP, ETP ALL subtype was characterized with lower neutrophil count (1.35 × 109/L vs. 8.7 × 109/L, P < 0.001) and lower myeloid percentage in the bone marrow (13.35% vs. 35.31%, P = 0.007). Additionally, ETP ALL had longer neutropenia before diagnosis (P < 0.001), as well as during induction chemotherapy (P < 0.001). Notably, the ETP cohort experienced higher cumulative incidence of clinically documented infections (CDI; 33.33%, P = 0.001), microbiologically documented infections (MDI; 45.24%, P = 0.006), resistant infection (11.9%, P = 0.013), and mixed infection (21.43%, P = 0.003), respectively, than those of the non-ETP cohort. Furthermore, multivariable analysis revealed that T-ALL mixed infection was more likely related to chemotherapy response (OR, 0.025; 95% CI 0.127-0.64; P = 0.012) and identified myeloid percentage as a predictor associated with ETP-ALL mixed infection (OR, 0.915; 95% CI 0.843-0.993; P = 0.033), with ROC-defined cut-off value of 2.24% in ETP cohorts. Conclusions Our data for the first time demonstrated that ETP-ALL characterized with impaired myelopoiesis were more susceptible to induction-related infection among T-ALL populations.
CCR5-mediated Recruitment of NK Cells to the Kidney Is a Critical Step for Host Defense to Systemic Candida albicans Infection

C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) regulates the trafficking of various immune cells to sites of infection. In this study, we showed that expression of CCR5 and its ligands was rapidly increased in the kidney after systemic Candida albicans infection, and infected CCR5−/− mice exhibited increased mortality and morbidity, indicating that CCR5 contributes to an effective defense mechanism against systemic C. albicans infection. The susceptibility of CCR5−/− mice to C. albicans infection was due to impaired fungal clearance, which in turn resulted in exacerbated renal inflammation and damage. CCR5-mediated recruitment of NK cells to the kidney in response to C. albicans infection was necessary for the anti-microbial activity of neutrophils, the main fungicidal effector cells. Mechanistically, C. albicans induced expression of IL-23 by CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs). IL-23 in turn augmented the fungicidal activity of neutrophils through GM-CSF production by NK cells. As GM-CSF potentiated production of IL-23 in response to C. albicans, a positive feedback loop formed between NK cells and DCs seemed to function as an amplification point for host defense. Taken together, our results suggest that CCR5-mediated recruitment of NK cells to the site of fungal infection is an important step that underlies innate resistance to systemic C. albicans infection.
Intestinal Parasites Infection in Children with Cancer in Ahvaz, Southwest Iran

Background Infection with intestinal parasites is widespread worldwide, especially in developing countries. Intestinal parasites are known as one of the leading causes of diarrhea in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised subjects, but cancer patients are highly susceptible to contamination, and it can be deadly for them. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in immunocompromised patients in Ahvaz. Material and Methods. In this descriptive cross-sectional pilot case-control study, fecal samples were collected from 52 children with malignancies hospitalized in Baqaei2 hospital in Ahvaz. A questionnaire including demographic information, type of cancer, type of gastrointestinal symptoms, and laboratory diagnosis was completed for each patient. The collected specimens were examined by direct smear, Logul staining, and concentration. Result The 52 stool samples were collected, 46% were female and 54% male. The age range of children enrolled in the study was from 4 months to 16 years. Of these stool samples, 38.38% were infected with a variety of parasitic intestinal infections (helminths and protozoa). In this study, protozoan parasites, Blastocystis (23%), Chilomastix mesnili (1.92%), Endolimax nana (7.7%), and Entamoeba coli (1.92%), and helminth infection, Strongyloides stercoralis (3.84%), were observed and statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and parasitic infection in children with cancer. Conclusion Blastocystis and Endolimax nana are the most prevalent gastrointestinal parasitic protozoans that infect individuals admitted to Baqaei2 Hospital of Ahvaz, Iran. Since parasitic intestinal infections in immunocompromised patients lead to fatal diarrhea, children with parasitic infections must be carefully identified and treated.
Zinc Ion Doped Solid-Phase Extraction of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid from Antarctic Krill

Antarctic krill crude extracts contain high levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Accordingly, the solid phase extraction of EPA and DHA from Antarctic krill crude extracts has attracted significant research interest. This study compared the extraction of EPA and DHA from Antarctic krill crude extracts using an aminopropyl, zinc ion-doped silica, and C18 and zinc ion-doped C18 solid-phase column. The best extraction effect was obtained using the zinc ion-doped C18 SPE with water containing methanol as the eluant. The efficiency increased gradually with increasing methanol concentration from 12.5 to 25% in the washing stage, and when pure methanol (5.0 mL) or acetonitrile (3.0 mL) was used as the eluant. To detect EPA and DHA, the acids were first converted to their methyl esters and detected by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC–FID). In the zinc ion-doped C18 elution fractions, EPA and DHA were isolated from the crude extracts in high yield (85–91% (r2 = 4.8–6.3%)).
Influência da quantidade de amônio na síntese de nanopartículas de óxido de ferro por microemulsão

Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized in microemulsion systems composed by Triton X-100/hexyl alcohol/cyclohexane/aqueous solution. The nanoparticles were synthesized in microemulsions containing different amounts of ammonium, in order to evaluate the influence of this parameter on the size of the nanoparticles and on the phase transformation after heat treatment. Powder materials were obtained after centrifugation, washing and drying, and they were analyzed as synthesized and after heating at 350, 500 and 1000 °C. It was observed that the higher amount of ammonium induced smaller particles and minor phase transformation, possibly due to a preferential nucleation process.
Neutron Powder Diffraction Study of Molybdenum and Tungsten Dioxides

Neutron powder diffraction data for MoO2 [P21/c, a 5.6102(3), b 4.8573(2), c 5.6265(3) Ǻ, β 120.915(2)°] and WO2 [P21/c, a 5.5769(2), b 4.8986(1), c 5.6644(2) Ǻ, β 120.678(1)] have been employed to refine structural parameters by the Rietveld method. The results confirm previous studies but have considerably greater precision.
Comparative effects of de‐aeration and package permeability on ascorbic acid loss in refrigerated orange juice

Several factors including pH, cultivar, extraction method, metal ion content and storage conditions affect the rate of ascorbic acid loss in refrigerated fruit juices. While oxygen permeation rate and product de-aeration also influence ascorbic acid loss, little comparative data on these two variables exist despite the potential usefulness of such data in optimizing the packaging of juice. De-aerated and non-de-aerated single-strength orange juices were packaged and stored at 7°C in experimental glass containers constructed with oxygen permeability rates of 0·35, 0·39, 0·43, 0·79, 1·18 and 1·60 ml/day/container at 7°C. The rate of ascorbic acid degradation inversely correlated with permeation rate for both de-aerated and non-de-aerated juices regardless of initial dissolved oxygen content. Degradation was best described by zero-order and first-order kinetics for de-aerated and non-de-aerated juices, respectively. Headspace volume had no effect on ascorbic acid loss in both de-aerated and non-de-aerated juices when nitrogen flushed. Juice in high oxygen permeability containers showed a faster decrease in ascorbic acid content, independent of initial dissolved oxygen content. These results indicate that both package barrier properties and de-aeration are major factors in maintaining ascorbic acid in refrigerated orange juice. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interleukin-10-Producing B Cells Help Suppress Ovariectomy-Mediated Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is prevalent in elderly women and it may cause dental implant failure. In particular, estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women leads to higher rates of osteoporosis prevalence. Immune cell-mediated effects involving the development of osteoporosis have been studied previously; however, the role of IL-10-producing regulatory B (B10) cells in osteoporosis is largely unclear. Here, we examined the role of B10 cells in osteoporosis. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX). Fifteen weeks after OVX surgery, the first molar of the right maxillary was extracted, and twenty-four weeks after OVX surgery, serous progression of osteoporosis was observed in the alveolar bone. Moreover, the proportion of CD19+CD5+CD1dhigh regulatory B cells, B10, and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells from the spleen of OVX mice decreased during the progression of osteoporosis, compared to controls. In contrast to regulatory cells, IL-17-producing Th (Th17) cell levels were increased in OVX mice. Adoptive transfer of B10 cells to OVX mice led to a decrease in Th17 cell abundance and inhibited the development of osteoporosis in the alveolar bone from OVX mice. Thus, our results suggest that B10 cells may help suppress osteoporosis development.
Use of ab Initio Calculations toward the Rational Design of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

Ionic liquids are gaining substantial interest as alternative reaction media. Despite the overwhelming amount of evidence suggesting a relationship between their structure and melting point, there still remains the problem of selectively choosing a particular ionic pair that will produce a liquid at room temperature. Ionic liquids based on 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium halides have been investigated using ab initio calculations utilizing Gaussian 98 and the 6-31G* and 6-31+G* basis sets. The calculated interaction energy was found to increase in magnitude with decreasing alkyl chain length at the Hartree−Fock level, although no trend was found to exist with increasing anionic radius. Correlations between melting point and interaction energy were investigated. Linear trends were found to exist in the 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (Bmim) halide series as well as the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide series.
Effect of magneto-active filling on the effectiveness of methane fermentation of dairy wastewaters

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of methane fermentation in dairy wastewaters in terms of the volume and qualitative composition of biogas produced in an anaerobic reactor with magneto-active filling (MAF) mounted in the zone of hydrolysis and acidogenesis. Experiments were conducted on the fractional-technical scale in a vertical fermentation reactor with a labyrinth flow. Synthetic dairy wastewaters prepared based on milk powder were used as a substrate. The analyzed filling was made of plastic covered with iron and copper powders and was additionally equipped with fluid magnetizers (FM) in the form of neodymium magnets. The study demonstrated that MAF incorporation into the technological system significantly improved the effectiveness of biogas production, increased methane concentration and lowered the content of hydrogen sulfide in gaseous metabolites of fermentative bacteria. A significant increase was also observed in the effectiveness of COD removal from dairy wastewaters. The reported experiments proved a correlation between the effectiveness of methane fermentation and the number of MAF elements introduced into the anaerobic reactor.
The crystal structure of (1E,2E)-2,2′-dipyridylglyoxime

(1E,2E)-2,2′-dipyridylglyoxime (1) was synthesized by a literature method involving the reaction of 2,2′-pyridyl with an excess of hydroxylammonium chloride and sodium hydroxide in distilled water. 1 was characterized by elemental analysis, melting point, mass spectrometry, and NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy. In addition, the crystal structure of 1 was determined by low temperature X-ray analysis. 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with four formula units in the unit cell and the following unit cell parameters: a = 6.269(1) A, b = 10.258(1) A, c = 9.132(1) A, β = 107.59(1)°, and V = 559.7(1) A3. Strong OċN hydrogen bonds link the molecules of 1, forming three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded networks; whereas the unclassical CċO hydrogen bonds result in the formation of C1,1(9) and C2,2(18) infinite chains and dimmer pairs with the graph-set descriptor R2,2(16). Lastly, the structure of 1 was fully optimized using DFT calculations (B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)) and the NBO and Mulliken charges were calculated at the same level of theory. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 23:59–65, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20752
Airborne Circularly Polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar

In this article, airborne broadband (maximum 400 MHz bandwidth) C-band circularly polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is proposed and developed for further study on airborne compact polarized synthetic aperture radar (CP SAR) system using circular polarization. This article explains the scattering characteristic of circular polarization as the concept of circularly polarized SAR, system configuration, RF system and antenna, ground test, and flight test of circularly polarized SAR in Hinotori-C2 (Firebird-C2) mission onboard CN235MPA aircraft on 14 and 15 March 2018 at South Celebes, Indonesia. The result of the flight test depicts multipath full polarimetric circularly polarized images that show good performance of circularly polarized SAR and matched well to the result of the ground test of a multipolarized single pulse. The circularly polarized scattering clarification using trihedral, cylindrical, and omni corner reflectors (TCR, CCR, and OCR), assessment of circularly polarized image analysis, and image classification using the conventional axial ratio (AR), ellipticity (ϵ), and polarization ratio (ρ) are discussed. The proposed circularly polarized SAR will enrich the existing CP SAR systems and could be employed in further study of CP SAR calibration technique, also applications development for the environment and disaster monitoring using CP SAR.
An Integrated Quasi-Elastic Light-Scattering, Pulse-Gradient-Spin−Echo Study on the Transport Properties of α,α-Trehalose, Sucrose, and Maltose Deuterium Oxide Solutions

A study on D2O solutions of trehalose, maltose, and sucrose have been performed by using quasi-elastic light-scattering (QELS) and 1H and 2H pulse-gradient-spin−echo NMR (PGSE-NMR). The self-diffusion coefficient of disaccharide (D) and the apparent diffusion coefficient Dapp have been obtained as a function of disaccharide weight fraction c and temperature (20−60 °C). Hydrodynamic radii at infinite dilution have been evaluated. In case of trehalose and sucrose a model of monodisperse hard spheres has been used to interpret the concentration dependence of D and Dapp in the dilute region (c ≤ 0.1), thus obtaining the values of the hydrodynamic radii together with the diffusing particles volume fractions as a function of c and T. The invariance of the hydrodynamic radii and the agreement with the model suggest that T and c neither induce self-aggregation of the sugars nor affect sensitively their structure and hydration. The self-diffusion coefficient of D2O (Ds) at 20 °C has also been measured for the D2O .