Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Causal Effects of Parents’ Schooling on Children’s Schooling in Urban China

Parental schooling is widely thought to improve child outcomes. But most studies on parental-child relations are associative, without control for estimation problems, such as unobserved intergenerationally-correlated endowments, if causality is of interest. The few exceptions are relatively recent studies that focus on high-income countries (HICs), with their much different contexts than the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in which the vast majority of children globally are growing up. This paper estimates the causal (conditional on the assumptions for the model) relationships between parents’ schooling and their children’s schooling in the most populous LMIC, using adult identical (monozygotic, MZ) twins data from urban China. Our ordinary least-squares estimates show that one-year increases in maternal and parental schooling are associated, respectively, with 0.4 and 0.5 more years of children’s schooling. However, if we control for genetic and other endowment effects by using within-MZ fixed effects, the results indicate that mothers’ and fathers’ schooling have no significant effects on children’s schooling. Our main results remain with various robustness checks, including controlling for measurement error. These results suggest that the positive associations between children’s and parents’ schooling in standard cross-sectional estimates in this major LMIC are mainly due to the correlation between parents’ unobserved endowments and their schooling and not the effects of their schooling per se.
Thinking clearly about causal inferences of politically motivated reasoning: why paradigmatic study designs often undermine causal inference

A common inference in behavioral science is that people’s motivation to reach a politically congenial conclusion causally affects their reasoning—known as politically motivated reasoning. Often these inferences are made on the basis of data from randomized experiments that use one of two paradigmatic designs: Outcome Switching, in which identical methods are described as reaching politically congenial versus uncongenial conclusions; or Party Cues, in which identical information is described as being endorsed by politically congenial versus uncongenial sources. Here we contend that these designs often undermine causal inferences of politically motivated reasoning because treatment assignment violates the excludability assumption. Specifically, assignment to treatment alters variables alongside political motivation that affect reasoning outcomes, rendering the designs confounded. We conclude that distinguishing politically motivated reasoning from these confounds is important both for scientific understanding and for developing effective interventions; and we highlight those designs better placed to causally identify politically motivated reasoning.
The Effect of Sequential High Temperature and Hyperosmotic Shock on Rpos Expression and Cell Viability in Escherichia coli B23

σ, commonly known as RpoS, is a subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase and a general stress regulator which is up-regulated when bacteria are subjected to sub-optimal environmental conditions such as high temperature and high osmolarity. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of Escherichia coli B23 cells to cross-protect against high osmolarity by first subjecting the cells to high temperature shock then exposing the cells to hyperosmolarity. Cell viability was then measured to estimate overall cell survival. The cells that were dual-treated had a 1.5-fold reduction in cell viability as compared to the cells subjected to only hyperosmolarity. RpoS expression in the different treatments was examined by Western immunoblotting with a monoclonal RpoS-specific antibody. The heat shocked and control cells had approximately equal amounts of RpoS expression. The dual-treated cells had the highest level of RpoS expression, whereas the cells subjected to just hyperosmolarity had the lowest. No cross-protection was observed as cell viability in dual-treated cells was unexpectedly low compared to cells subjected to just hyperosmolarity; a possible explanation is that increased RpoS expression could have increased production of genes responsible for cell death, therefore, sacrificing part of the population to increase nutrients available and to better the chance of survival for the rest of the population. Future experiments including improvements of the experimental procedure, alterations in the order and number of stress conditions and using RpoS mutant strains may be helpful to better understand the mechanism of RpoS in response to sequential stresses. ________________________________________________________________
Intractable Headache Related to Intraventricular Glioblastoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Although various neoplasms may develop in the ventricular system, glioblastomas are rare. An 80-year-old woman visited our hospital with intractable headache related to a right ventricular large mass, which exhibited heterogeneous enhancement involving the body, trigone, and occipital horn of the right lateral ventricle on MRI. The mass was diagnosed as glioblastoma multiforme on surgical pathology. Herein, the authors present a case and review the existing literature with regarding to incidence, pathophysiology, prognostic factors, imaging and pathologic findings of intraventricular glioblastoma multiforme.
Batı Etiyopya’nın Sire şehrinde kendi kendine tedavi uygulaması: kesitsel çalışma

Amac: Gelismekte olan ulkelerde bireylerin buyuk kismi, hastaliklari icin doktora gitmek yerine kendi kendine tedavi yontemlerini kullanmaktadir. Kendi kendine tedavide genelde recetesiz ilaclar kullanilmakta ve kisisel bakimin bir formu olarak desteklenmekteyse de receteli ilaclar kisisel tedaviye uygun olmayip desteklenmemelidir. Bu calismanin amaci Bati Etiyopya’nin Sire sehrinde kendi kendine tedavi ve ilgili faktorlerin sikliginin saptanmasidir.Gerec ve Yontem: Toplum tabanli bu kesitsel calisma, sistematik olarak secilmis 423 aile ile yapilmistir. Calismada veriler yari yapilandirilmis anket ile toplanmistir.Bulgular: 230 aileden 243 bireyde, calismadan 2 hafta oncesinde hastalik farkedilmistir, onlarin disinda, 66 birey (%27.16) kendi kendine tedavi kullanmistir. Kendi kendine tedavi uygulamasi ile hasta ve hasta bakicisinin cinsiyet, egitim seviyesi, meslek ve kazanci arasinda anlamli bir iliski saptanmamistir (P>0.05). Kendi kendine tedavi icin en sik karsilasilan hastalik basagrisidir. (%37.89). Kendi kendine tedavi icin kullanilan ilaclarin cogu (84.84%) eczanelerden saglanmaktadir. Kendi kendine tedavi uygulamasinin en onemli nedeni dusuk fiyattir, 21 (%31.82). Tibbi ajanlar arasinda en fazla kullanilanlar analjeziklerdir 34(%40.96), bunlari takiben antibiyotikler 20(%24.10), geleneksel ilaclar 17(%20.48), sitma ilaclari 4(%4.71) ve solucanlara karsi olan ilaclar 3(%3.53) gelmektedir.Sonuc: Kendi kendine tedavi calismasi cok sayida katilimci ile gerceklestirilmistir. Antimikrobiyaller gibi receteli ilaclarla uygulanan kendi kendine tedavi sikligi da oldukca yuksektir. Bu tur ilaclarin tibbi danisma almadan kullanilmasi uygun olmayan kullanima ve sonucta ilac direncine neden olabilmektedir.
Electrochemical Deposition of Al-Ti Alloys from Equimolar AlCl3 + NaCl Containing Electrochemically Dissolved Titanium

Al-Ti alloys were electrodeposited from equimolar chloroaluminate molten salts containing up to 0.1 M of titanium ions, which were added to the electrolyte by potentiostatic dissolution of metallic Ti. Titanium dissolution and titanium and aluminium deposition were investigated by linear sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometry at 200 and 300 °C. Working electrodes used were titanium and glassy carbon. The voltammograms on Ti obtained in the electrolyte without added Ti ions indicated titanium deposition and dissolution proceeding in three reversible steps: Ti4+ ⇄ Ti3+, Ti3+ ⇄ Ti2+ and Ti2+ ⇄ Ti. The voltammograms recorded with glassy carbon in the electrolyte containing added titanium ions did not always clearly register all of the three processes. However, peak currents, which were characteristics of Al, Ti and Al-Ti alloy deposition and dissolution, were evident in voltammograms on both working electrodes used. A constant potential electrodeposition regime was used to obtain deposits on the glassy carbon working electrode. The obtained deposits were characterized by SEM, energy-dispersive spectrometry and XRD. In the deposits on the glassy carbon electrode, the analysis identified an Al and AlTi3 alloy formed at 200 °C and an Al2Ti and Al3Ti alloy obtained at 300 °C.
Green Water on A Fixed Structure Due to Incident Bores: Guidelines and Database for Model Validations Regarding Flow Evolution

This paper presents a two-dimensional experimental study of the interaction of wet dam-break bores with a fixed structure, regarding the evolution of the incident flows and the resultant green water events on the deck. The study employs image-based techniques to analyse flow propagation from videos taken by high-speed cameras, considering five different shipping water cases. The features of small air-cavities formed in some green water events of the plunging-dam-break type were analysed. Then, the spatial and temporal distribution of water elevations of the incident bores and green water were investigated, providing a database to be used for model validations. Some guidelines for the selection of the freeboard exceedance, which is of relevance for green water simulations, were provided. Finally, the relationship between the incident bore and water-on-deck kinematics was discussed. The proposed study can be used as a reference for performing simplified and systematic analyses of green water in a different two-dimensional setup, giving high-resolution data that visually capture the flow patterns and allow model validations to be performed.
Banks and corporate income taxation : A review arqus

In this paper, I review the empirical literature in the intersection of banks and corporate income taxation that emerged over the last two decades. To structure the included studies, I use a stakeholder approach and outline how corporate income taxation plays into the relation of banks and their four main stakeholders: bank regulators, customers, investors and tax authorities. My contribution to the literature is threefold: First, I contribute by providing, to the best of my knowledge, a first comprehensive review on this topic. Second, I point to areas for future research. Third, I deduce policy implications from the studies under review. In sum, the studies show that taxes distort banks’ pricing decisions, the relative attractiveness of debt and equity financing, the decision to report on or off the balance sheet and banks’ investment allocations. Empirical insights on how tax rules affect banks’ decision-making are helpful for policymakers to tailor suitable and sustainable tax legislation directed at banks. JEL CLASSIFICATION G21, H22, H25, M41
Strengthening conservation: a key issue for adaptation of marginal/peripheral populations of forest trees to climate change in Europe (MaP-FGR) SHORT TERM SCIENTIFIC MISSION REPORT Assessment of genetic diversity of the Portuguese Pinus nigra Arn. Populations

European Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) belongs to the Family Pinaceae and to the Mediterranean pines group. This study constitutes the molecular characterization of six allochthonous Portuguese P. nigra populations using microsatellites (SSR) markers. These populations were installed 50 to 90 years ago and their provenances are unknown. The pool of the SSR data revealed 95% of genetic similarity among the P. nigra individuals that were structured into two differentiated populations with higher polymorphism within rather than among populations. According to the estimated genetic relationships, it seems to belong to two regional varieties of the same subspecies, supported by previous studies in the same populations. List of contents
A patient-centered multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation program improves glycemic control and functional outcome in coronary artery disease after percutaneous and surgical revascularization

Background Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is strongly associated with all-cause mortality reduction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The impact of CR on pathological risk factors, such as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and functional recovery remains under debate. The aim of the present study is to determine whether CR had a positive effect beside physical exercise improvement on pathological risk factors in IGT and diabetic patients with CAD. Methods One hundred and seventy-one consecutive patients participating in a 3-month CR from January 2014 to June 2015 were enrolled. The primary endpoint was defined as an improvement of peak workload and VO2-peak; glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction was considered as secondary endpoint. Results Euglycemic patients presented a significant improvement in peak workload compared to diabetic patients (from 5.75 ± 1.45 to 6.65 ± 1.84 METs vs. 4.8 ± 0.8 to 4.9 ± 1.4 METs, p = 0.018). VO2-peak improved in euglycemic patients (VO2-peak from 19.3 ± 5.3 to 22.5 ± 5.9 mL/min/kg, p = 0.003), while diabetic patients presented only a statistically significant trend (VO2-peak from 16.9 ± 4.4 to 18.0 ± 3.8 mL/min/kg, p < 0.056). Diabetic patients have benefited more in terms of blood glucose control compared to IGT patients (HbA1c from 7.7 ± 1.0 to 7.4 ± 1.1 compared to 5.6 ± 0.4 to 5.9 ± 0.5, p = 0.02, respectively). Conclusions A multidisciplinary CR program improves physical functional capacity in CAD setting, particularly in euglycemic patients. IGT patients as well as diabetic patients may benefit from a CR program, but long-term outcome needs to be clarified in larger studies.
Precessional Cyclicity of Seawater Pb Isotopes in the Late Miocene Mediterranean

Astronomical tuning in the Mediterranean region is primarily based on organically‐mediated proxies, such as cyclicity of organic rich layers or changes in foraminiferal assemblages. Both during and post deposition, organic proxies can be affected by complex processes not immediately related to the changes in precession (insolation) they are assumed to reflect. Here we present an isotopic proxy which exhibits precessional cyclicity yet is inorganic. Seawater lead (Pb) isotope records over four precessional cycles between 6.6 and 6.5 Ma, from bulk sediment leachates of three Messinian, circum‐Mediterranean marginal locations, show variations consistent with precessional cyclicity. During insolation minima, the Pb isotope signatures from all three sites converge to similar values, suggesting a regional process is affecting all three locations at that time. Data from the marginal sites are compared with new data from ODP Site 978 and published data from a variety of geological archives from the Mediterranean region to determine the mechanism(s) causing the observed variability. While the comparisons are not fully conclusive, the timing of events suggest that increased dust production from North Africa during insolation minima is the most likely control. This hypothesis implies that authigenic marine Pb isotope records have the potential to provide a reliable inorganic tie point for Mediterranean cyclostratigraphy where sub‐precessional resolution is required. An inorganic tie point could also provide the means to resolve long‐standing problems in Mediterranean stratigraphy on precessional and sub‐precessional timescales which have been obscured due to post‐depositional changes (e.g., sapropel burn‐down) or suboptimal ecological conditions (e.g., the Messinian Salinity Crisis).
Universities talk, students walk: promoting innovative sustainability projects

This paper aims to describe an innovative approach of integrating sustainability into the structures and processes of a business school without creating resistance. ,A sustainable entrepreneurship competition was embedded as an independent programme in an already existing business plan competition at the School of Business FHNW. The paper shows, which structural elements of the competition had to be adapted to the needs of sustainable entrepreneurs. ,The paper outlines aspects that need to be considered and steps that need to be taken to run a sustainable entrepreneurship competition supporting as many high-quality projects as possible. It describes the importance of developing an independent instrument that meets the specific needs of sustainable entrepreneurs in project planning. The sustainable innovation plan is explained. ,The student projects are developed at the School of Business FHNW as part of the entrepreneurship competition, which has been successfully carried out twice. They have numerous measurable positive social and ecological effects, which are described by the students in their sustainable innovation plans and are subsequently reflected in the realization of the projects. ,Using the example of the Swiss Student Sustainability Challenge, the paper demonstrates under which conditions a sustainability project can be successfully integrated into the existing structures of an institution of higher education and develop into a beacon project of the university. Other universities can make use of these findings to launch comparable projects at their institutions.
THE INFLUENCE OF RADIANT HEATING ON CHEMICAL CHANGES OF SPRUCE WOOD

Spruce wood (Picea abies (L.) Karst. ) board samples with dimensions of 60 × 60 × 800 mm were thermally loaded by radiant heating. Then the amounts of extractives, cellulose and lignin in the samples were determined. The alterations of degree of polymerisation (DP) and molecular weight distribution (MWD) were analysed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of cellulose tricarbanilates (CTC). The amount of cellulose, lignin and extractives increased and cellulose DP decreased after the thermal loading. The results showed that amounts of lignin and extractives increased with increasing thermal loading, in charred layer yield of extractives decreased. The polysaccharidic part significantly degraded, cellulose DP dropped by one-third, but also cross-linking of cellulose takes place.
Sheaf Representations and Duality in Logic

The fundamental duality theories relating algebra and geometry that were discovered in the mid-20th century can also be applied to logic via its algebraization under categorical logic. They thereby result in known and new completeness theorems. This idea can be taken even further via what is sometimes called “categorification” to establish a new connection between logic and geometry, a glimpse of which can also be had in topos theory.
Effects of Electro-Acupuncture Plus Rehabilitation Training on Bladder Dysfunction After Cervical Cancer Radical Resection

Objective:To compare the effects of electro-acupuncture plus rehabilitation training and simple rehabilitation training on bladder dysfunction after cervical cancer radical resection.Methods:62 cases diagnosed with cervical cancer after radical resection in patients with urinary retention were randomly divided into experimental and control groups,the experimental group used electro-acupuncture treatment plus rehabilitation training,the control group for the simple rehabilitation training.Results:The observation of two groups after extubation in patients with urinary retention rate of removal of catheter after treatment in patients with average residual urine volume of the first time,the average length of stay,the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group;and the two groups have a statistical significance.Conclusion:Electro-acupuncture plus rehabilitation training is better than simple rehabilitation.
CCID_A_229054 31..48

Marie-Odile Christen Franco Vercesi 1BEHAVIOR, Paris 75116, France; 2Centro Medico Galeno, Milano 20122, Italy Abstract: Compared to other domains, tissue engineering and esthetics have dramatically expanded in recent years, leading to both major biomedical advances and futuristic perspectives. The two share a common approach based on biomaterials, especially polymers. This paper illustrates this with the example of polycaprolactone (PCL), a polymer synthesized in the early 1930s, and one of its most recent applications, a PCL-based collagen stimulator, a filler used in esthetics. PCL is biocompatible and biodegradable. Its specific physicochemical and mechanical properties, viscoelasticity and ease of shaping led to the production of PCL-based products with various shapes and durations dependent on its biodegradation kinetics. PCL has been safely used in the biomedical field for more than 70 years, from sutures to tissue and organ replacement by 3D printing. The PCL-based collagen stimulator is composed of PCL microspheres suspended in a carboxymethyl-cellulose gel carrier providing immediate and sustained volumizing effects when injected; the morphology, the biocompatibility of the PCL microspheres embedded with the collagen fibers produced all contribute to the creation of a unique 3D scaffold for a sustained effect. Its safety has been investigated in clinical studies and vigilance surveys. Recently published experts' recommendations on injection modalities and techniques should help further optimize treatment outcome and safety. This paper also integrates reviews and recommendations on the prevention and management of adverse events related to dermal and subdermal fillers including the PCL-based collagen stimulator. In addition, in terms of efficacy and safety, this product benefits from its daily clinical use in esthetics worldwide and continuous extensive fundamental and clinical research, both on it and the PCL polymer. Forthcoming data from further investigations will reinforce knowledge of the product and procedures in the field.
EFFECT OF THE THERMAL AGEING ON SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF RECYCLED OFFICE PAPER

The work was focused on monitoring of changes of selected characteristics of recycled office paper occurring during the modelled thermal ageing. The effect of modelled thermal ageing was manifested mainly by the change of optical characteristics when brightness of recycled paper surface decreased by 40%. The coordinate values L*, a* and b* of the color space moved into the black, red and yellow region of the spectrum in achieving of total color differences E* 14.0 during modelled ageing. Thermal ageing due to hornification and shrinkage of fibers significantly affected the value of air permeability (increasing by 31.5%), the value of swelling of paper (decreasing by 37%), the value of tear index (decreasing by 26%), the value of total crystallinity index (decreasing by 26%) and the value of oxidation index (increasing by 24% ). Modelled thermal ageing slightly reduce the pH values of the surface of the paper (by 5.2%), the values of breaking length (by 5.3%) and the values of intensity of the hydrogen bonds (by 2.6%). The biggest changes of monitored characteristics were observed after the first 6-hour interval of modelled thermal ageing.