Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardiac outcomes in a cohort of adult survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer: retrospective analysis of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort

Objectives To assess the incidence of and risks for congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, pericardial disease, and valvular abnormalities among adult survivors of childhood and adolescent cancers. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting 26 institutions that participated in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Participants 14 358 five year survivors of cancer diagnosed under the age of 21 with leukaemia, brain cancer, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, kidney cancer, neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma, or bone cancer between 1970 and 1986. Comparison group included 3899 siblings of cancer survivors. Main outcome measures Participants or their parents (in participants aged less than 18 years) completed a questionnaire collecting information on demographic characteristics, height, weight, health habits, medical conditions, and surgical procedures occurring since diagnosis. The main outcome measures were the incidence of and risk factors for congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, pericardial disease, and valvular abnormalities in survivors of cancer compared with siblings. Results Survivors of cancer were significantly more likely than siblings to report congestive heart failure (hazard ratio (HR) 5.9, 95% confidence interval 3.4 to 9.6; P<0.001), myocardial infarction (HR 5.0, 95% CI 2.3 to 10.4; P<0.001), pericardial disease (HR 6.3, 95% CI 3.3 to 11.9; P<0.001), or valvular abnormalities (HR 4.8, 95% CI 3.0 to 7.6; P<0.001). Exposure to 250 mg/m2 or more of anthracyclines increased the relative hazard of congestive heart failure, pericardial disease, and valvular abnormalities by two to five times compared with survivors who had not been exposed to anthracyclines. Cardiac radiation exposure of 1500 centigray or more increased the relative hazard of congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, pericardial disease, and valvular abnormalities by twofold to sixfold compared to non-irradiated survivors. The cumulative incidence of adverse cardiac outcomes in cancer survivors continued to increase up to 30 years after diagnosis. Conclusion Survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer are at substantial risk for cardiovascular disease. Healthcare professionals must be aware of these risks when caring for this growing population.
Centrifuge Modeling of the Cyclic Lateral Response of a Rigid Pile in Soft Clay

A series of centrifuge model tests of the lateral response of a fixed-head single pile in soft clay is reported. Both monotonic and cyclic episodes of loading are described, with varying amplitude and with intervening periods of reconsolidation. The soil conditions are characterized by cyclic T-bar penetrometer tests. The ultimate capacity under monotonic load for virgin and for postcyclic conditions was found to be comparable with calculations based on existing design methods, including theoretical plasticity solutions and empirical methods. The lateral stiffness was observed to degrade with cycles, with the rate of degradation being greater for larger cycles. The degradation pattern has been tentatively linked to the cyclic T-bar response, by considering the ‘damage’ associated with the cumulative displacement and remolding, in each case. This approach provides a consistent interpretation of the tests. Although episodes of pile movement and soil remolding led to a reduction in lateral resistance, interv.
The Power of Suggestion

Multiagent teams have been shown to be effective in many domains that require coordination among team members. However, finding valuable joint-actions becomes increasingly difficult in tightly-coupled domains where each agent’s performance depends on the actions of many other agents. Reward shaping partially addresses this challenge by deriving more “tuned" rewards to provide agents with additional feedback, but this approach still relies on agents randomly discovering suitable joint-actions. In this work, we introduce Counterfactual Agent Suggestions (CAS) as a method for injecting knowledge into an agent’s learning process within the confines of existing reward structures. We show that CAS enables agent teams to converge towards desired behaviors more reliably. We also show that improvement in team performance in the presence of suggestions extends to large teams and tightly-coupled domains.
An integrated economic model of multiple types and uses of water

Water scarcity is an increasing problem in many parts of the world and the management of water has become an important issue on the political economy agenda in many countries. As water is used in most economic activities and the allocation of water is often a complex problem involving different economic agents and sectors, Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models have been proven useful to analyze water allocation problems, although their adaptation to include water is still relatively undeveloped. This paper provides a description of an integrated water‐focused CGE model (STAGE_W) that includes multiple types and uses of water, and for the first time, the reclamation of wastewater as well as the provision of brackish groundwater as separate, independent activities with specific cost structures. The insights provided by the model are illustrated with an application to the Israeli water sector assuming that freshwater resources available to the economy are cut by 50%. We analyze how the Israeli economy copes with this shock if it reduces potable water supply compared with further investments in the desalination sector. The results demonstrate that the effects on the economy are slightly negative under both scenarios. Counter intuitively, the provision of additional potable water to the economy through desalination does not substantively reduce the negative outcomes. This is mainly due to the high costs of desalination, which are currently subsidized, with the distribution of the negative welfare effect over household groups dependent on how these subsidies are financed.
Characterizing Face Recognition for Resource Efficient Deployment on Edge

Deployment of Face Recognition systems on the edge has seen significant growth due to advancements in hardware design and efficient neural architectures. However, tailoring SOTA Face Recognition solutions to a specific edge device is still not easy and is vastly unexplored. Although, benchmark data is available for some combinations of model, device, and framework, it is neither comprehensive nor scalable. We propose an approximation to determine the relationship between a model and its inference time in an edge deployment scenario. Using a small number of data points, we are able to predict the throughput of custom models in an explainable manner. The prediction errors are small enough to be considered noise in observations. We also analyze which approaches are most efficient and make better use of hardware in terms of accuracy and error rates to gain a better understanding of their behaviour. Related & necessary modules such as Face Anti-Spoofing are also analyzed. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to tackle this issue directly. The data and code along with future updates to the models and hardware will be made available at https://github.com/AyanBiswas19/Resource_Efficient_FR.
Climate Diagnostics from Global Analyses: Conservation of Mass in ECMWF Analyses

Abstract The extent to which mass is conserved in European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analyses archived on pressure surfaces is examined from two perspectives and with two different datasets. The data used come from the WMO archive of 7-level, twice daily initialized analyses and from the WCRP archive of 14-level, four-times daily uninitialized analyses. The first perspective, which considers the equation of continuity in pressure coordinates locally in three dimensions, reveals spurious residuals in the equation of up to 100% of the size of the divergence term, with largest errors of 60% to 100% in the tropics. In this case the horizontal velocity and vertical p-velodty (ω) fields are checked for consistency. Modest improvements occur when 14 versus 7 levels are used. The second perspective considers the vertical integral in which the surface pressure tendency should balance the total mass convergence into a column, and thus does not involve the omega fields. The latter reveals tha.
Scholarly Commons @ Baptist Health South Florida Scholarly Commons @ Baptist Health South Florida

Introduction: Cortical screws offer a less invasive alternative compared to traditional pedicle screws. These screws are inserted in an inferomedial to superolateral trajectory achieving greater cortical bone purchase. Similar fusion rates, pain relief, and decreased surgical morbidity at 12-month follow-up have been documented when compared to traditional pedicle screws. Using intra-operative imaging, neuronavigation, and individual neuro-physiological monitoring of each screw, we showed that this is a safe surgical approach. Methods: Institutional review board (IRB) approved retrospective review of medical records for 173 patients to determine eligibility. Cases had to be elective one-or two-level fusion with surgical indication. Functional improvement was measured with Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at pre and post-operative visits. Surgical morbidity data, individual screw thresholds, and radiographic evidence of stability was collected from electronic medical records (EMR). Results: A total of 153 patients met criteria with mean age 66.60 ± 9.30 (range: 34 – 84) and mean BMI of 28.76 ± 4.47 kg/m 2 . Of 558 screws inserted, no screws recorded < 8 mA upon stimulation, thus no screw required repositioning. There were no pedicle or central canal breach related to screw insertion. ODI decreased from 44.83 ± 18.02 to 19.46 ± 19.52 at 3-months post-operative (p < 0.0001). A subset of 30 patients had 12-month post ODI, which showed a change from 41.22 ± 18.42 to 22.63 ± 22.01 at 12-months (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Within, we discuss our approach for inserting cortical screws in posterior lumbar fusion for patients with unstable degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Our study shows that the implementation of intraoperative imaging, neuronavigation, and neurophysiological monitoring of individual screws can provide a safe environment for cortical screw insertion. This approach allows for a less invasive approach and greater quality bone purchase while mitigating the associated risks.
Systematic review Night blindness and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta - analysis

Background: Night blindness is a significant public health problem among pregnant women in Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta - analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of night blindness and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Methods: Studies were searched using electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and gray literature using Google scholar as well as manual search of reference list of previous studies to retrieve related articles. We used a total of Seven primary studies in our review. Quality of all eligible studies was checked using JBI critical appraisal assessment tool. Data extraction and analysis were performed using Microsoft excel - 10 and STATA 17 software respectively. Heterogeneity and publication bias were checked using the I 2 statistic and Egger’s test, respectively. Meta - analysis was carried out using random - effects model. Results: The overall pooled prevalence of night blindness among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 19.32% (95% CI:12.61 - 26.04). Subgroup analysis revealed that high prevalence of night blindness found in the Amhara region which was 21.41% (95%CI:12.83 - 30.13),but lower prevalence found in the southern region which was 10%(95% CI:4.23 - 15.77) and Meta - analysis using two primary studies revealed that those night blinding among age 35 and above have 3.02 (95% CI:1.73 - 5.24) times higher risk of getting blind compared to those pregnant women age less than 25 years old. Conclusion : The overall pooled prevalence of night blindness among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 19.32%. Pregnant women age greater than 35 years were significantly affected by night blindness So, strengthening the multivitamin supplementation including vitamin A to reproductive age women is crucial and improving women’s married during teenage is an important intervention to tackle maternal night blindness.
University of Birmingham Insights into the Evolution of Multicellularity from the Sea Lettuce Genome

Citation for published version (Harvard): De Clerck, O, Kao, S-M, Bogaert, KA, Blomme, J, Foflonker, F, Kwantes, M, Vancaester, E, Vanderstraeten, L, Aydogdu, E, Boesger, J, Califano, G, Charrier, B, Clewes, R, Del Cortona, A, D'Hondt, S, Fernandez-Pozo, N, Gachon, CM, Hanikenne, M, Lattermann, L, Leliaert, F, Liu, X, Maggs, CA, Popper, ZA, Raven, JA, Van Bel, M, Wilhelmsson, PKI, Bhattacharya, D, Coates, JC, Rensing, SA, Van Der Straeten, D, Vardi, A, Sterck, L, Vandepoele, K, Van de Peer, Y, Wichard, T & Bothwell, JH 2018, 'Insights into the Evolution of Multicellularity from the Sea Lettuce Genome', Current Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub. 2018.08. 015
Rationale and definition of the lateral extension of the inguinal lymphadenectomy for vulvar cancer derived from an embryological and anatomical study.

BACKGROUND. The identiﬁcation of prognostic factors in the recurrence of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma is crucial for less invasive treatments. METHODS. The authors studied 101 patients treated for primary invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Selected pathologic variables were observed in a standardized manner during treatment, and their association with disease free survival was investigated using the Cox model. Independent prognostic factors were selected by a stepwise procedure. The absolute survival of patient groups determined on the basis of such factors was computed by the product limit method. RESULTS. The median follow-up was 3.1 years (range, 56 days to 15.5 years). Recurrences developed in 33 patients. The independent recurrence predictors were as follows: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
Nanophotonic integrated circuits using graphene oxide 2D thin films for nonlinear optics

We report a significant experimental improvement in the performance of all-optical photonic chips that feature ring resonators and nanowires, through the integration of 2D GO (graphene oxide) layered thin films. The films are coated onto SiN, high Hydex glass, and silicon nanowires (SOI), featuring micro-ring resonators (MRRs) and waveguides. We achieve a significantly increased performance in the nonlinear optical performance based on four-wave mixing (FWM) and the Kerr nonlinearity. Our coating method is able to cover large scale areas, using processes that do not require transfer, and with a layer-by-layer coating method. To pattern the devices we use a combination of lift-off with photolithography processes, following processes that are consistent with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) standards. For the silicon nanowires, we observe large self-phase modulation (SPM) induced spectrum broadening of optical pulses after propagating across SOI nanowires coated in GO induced. Our experimental results show a very large spectral broadening factor (SBF) of a factor of 4.34 for a patterned nanowire containing a film with ten GO layers. We also observe a substantial increase in the nonlinear figure of merit (FOM) of the SOI nanowires, by as much as twenty times, which yields a FOM greater than 5. For the SiN and Hydex waveguides, we observe a significantly increased efficiency in the FWM process by up to 9.1 dB, while in the Hydex waveguides we increase the conversion efficiency by 6.9dB compared to bare waveguides. For the MRRs, we observe an increase in the CE of the FWM process of ~10.3 dB because of resonant enhancement. Our work demonstrates the high capability of GO films to enhance the nonlinear optical performance of ring resonators, waveguides, and nanowires.
Isotope hydrograph separations and rapid delivery of pre-event water from drainage basins

Environmental isotopes, such as oxygen-18 and deuterium, have been used increasingly to separate stormflow into its event and pre-event components in order to elucidate the sources, pathways and residence times of water in drainage basins. The majority of isotopic hydrograph separations indicate that pre-event water supplies at least 50% of streamflow at peak discharge in small- and medium-sized basins; however, there is no consensus as to the means by which pre-event water is rapidly exported from drainage basins. The hydrological processes that have been invoked to explain the observed isotopic response of streamflow to rainfall and snowmelt inputs in various environments are reviewed. These processes include groundwater ridging, translatory flow, macropore flow, saturation overland flow, kinematic waves and release of water from surface storage. Tests of the ability of the hypothesized mechanisms to explain the isotopic signature of stormflow from drainage basins will require a more complete integration of hydrometric methods with the use of environmental isotopes than has been achieved previously. Along with various methodological issues associated with the isotopic hydrograph separation technique, the overall relevance of these hydrograph separations to the understanding and prediction of stream hydrochemistry must be evaluated critically.
Three-dimensional modeling of radiative and convective exchanges in the urban atmosphere

In many micrometeorological studies, building resolving models usually assumea neutral atmosphere. Nevertheless, urban radiative transfers play an important role because of their influence on the energy budget. In order to take into account atmospheric radiation and the thermal effects of the buildings in simulations of atmospheric flow and pollutant dispersion in urban areas, we have developed a three-dimensional (3D) atmospheric radiative scheme, in the atmospheric module of the Computational Fluid Dynamics model Code_Saturne. The radiative scheme was previously validated with idealized cases, using as a first step, a constant 3D wind field. In this work, the full coupling of the radiative and thermal schemes with the dynamical model is evaluated. The aim of the first part is to validate the full coupling with the measurements of the simple geometry from the ‘Mock Urban Setting Test' (MUST) experiment. The second part discusses two different approaches to model the radiative exchanges in urban area with a comparison between Code_Saturne and SOLENE. The third part applies the full coupling scheme to show the contribution of the radiative transfer model on the airflow pattern in low wind speed conditions in a 3D urban canopy. In the last part we use the radiative-dynamics coupling to simulate a real urban environment and validate the modeling approach with field measurements from the ‘Canopy and Aerosol Particle Interactions in Toulouse Urban Layer' (CAPITOUL)
Analytical Solutions of the One-Line Model of Shoreline Change

Abstract : This report presents more than 25 closed-form solutions of the shoreline change mathematical model for simulating the evolution of sandy beaches. The governing equation is developed in a general form, and the assumptions and techniques used to arrive at tractable closed form solutions are described. Previous solutions are reviewed, and many new solutions are derived. Solutions for beach evolation with and without the influence of coastal structures are given that cover situations involving beach fill of almost arbitrary initial shapes, sand mining, river discharges, groins and jetties, detached breakwaters, and seawalls. Techniques for combining and extending the solutions are discussed. Appendixes provide details of mathematical techniques used and complete derivations of selected new solutions. Such analytical solutions can provide a simple and economical means to make a quick qualitative evaluation of shoreline response under a wide range of environmental and engineering conditions.
A climatological study of evapotranspiration and moisture stress across the continental United States based on thermal remote sensing: 2. Surface moisture climatology

[1] Robust satellite-derived moisture stress indices will be beneficial to operational drought monitoring, both in the United States and globally. Using thermal infrared imagery from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) and vegetation information from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS), a fully automated inverse model of Atmosphere-Land Exchange (ALEXI) has been used to model daily evapotranspiration and surface moisture stress over a 10-km resolution grid covering the continental United States. Examining monthly clear-sky composites for April–October 2002–2004, the ALEXI evaporative stress index (ESI) shows good spatial and temporal correlation with the Palmer drought index but at considerably higher spatial resolution. The ESI also compares well to anomalies in monthly precipitation fields, demonstrating that surface moisture has an identifiable thermal signature that can be detected from space, even under dense vegetation cover. Simple empirical thermal drought indices like the vegetation health index do not account for important forcings on surface temperature, such as available energy and atmospheric conditions, and can therefore generate spurious drought detections under certain circumstances. Surface energy balance inherently incorporates these forcings, constraining ESI response in both energy- and water-limited situations. The surface flux modeling techniques described here have demonstrated skill in identifying areas subject to soil moisture stress on the basis of the thermal land surface signature, without requiring information regarding antecedent rainfall. ALEXI therefore may have potential for operational drought monitoring in countries lacking well-established precipitation measurement networks.
Acanthodian remains from the Middle‐Late Permian of Brazil

Acanthodian fishes have been recorded from Silurian through to Permian rocks. Bone beds in the Teresina Formation of the Passa Dois Group (Paraná Basin) in São Gabriel, State of Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil) have yielded acanthodian scales and fin spine fragments and are preserved in association with shark and lower actinopterygian fish scales and teeth and possible shark fin spines. All fish remains are disarticulated and preservation is often fragmentary. However, there is no geological or palaeontological evidence that the materials in these bone beds, of Middle‐Late Permian age, could have been re‐worked from older strata. We therefore interpret these bone beds and the acanthodian remains as the youngest known record of acanthodians worldwide. The presence of acanthodians in the Passa Dois Group enhances the significance of the Middle‐Upper Permian rocks of the Paraná Basin in South America in interregional correlation, and may contribute to the discussion of the allegedly global mass extinction event at the end of the Palaeozoic era. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.