Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bivalve Molluscs: Barometers of Climate Change in Arctic Marine Systems

Bivalve molluscs store a complete history of their life in the growth lines in their valves. Through sclerochronology, in combination with isotope signatures, it is possible to reconstruct both post-recruitment growth history at the individual level and commensurate environmental records of temperature and salinity. Growth patterns are integrators of local primary productivity; spatial and temporal changes in growth illustrate commensurate patterns of food availability. Mactrid clams are long-lived, benthic dominant species found on inner continental shelves throughout the Northern Hemisphere where they variously support major fisheries ( Spisula solidissima in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, Mactromeris polynyma in eastern Canada, Spisula sachalinensis in Japan) and recreational fisheries ( Mactromeris polynyma in Alaska), and serve as dietary items for charismatic species such as bearded seals ( Erignathus barbatus ) and walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus divergens). Ongoing studies, employing sophisticated adult growth and larval dispersal models of the response of Spisula solidissima to climate change in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, suggest the general use of mactrids as barometers of climate change over broader geographic footprints. Mactromeris polynyma is a candidate species for shallow arctic marine systems, having a pan-arctic distribution from the Gulf of Maine in the Atlantic to the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska in the northern Pacific. The longevity of extant individuals (≤25 years) provides opportunity for detailed reconstruction of the benthic environment and food regimes at the decadal level.
Modified Ultrasound-Guided Dorsal Quadratus Lumborum Block in Cat Cadavers

Simple Summary The quadratus lumborum (QL) block is an ultrasound-guided locoregional anesthetic technique which aims to provide analgesia to the abdomen. Previous studies in dog cadavers have shown that a dorsal injection point, between the psoas minor muscle and the vertebral body of L1, is able to stain the truncus sympathicus and the T13–L3 rami ventrales, potentially providing analgesia to the abdominal wall and viscera. This dorsal approach could be feasible in cats and is probably able to offer similar results to those in canine cadavers. To assess this objective, 10 cat cadavers were used, and a mixture of methylene blue and iopromide (0.4 mL kg−1) was injected dorsal to the QL muscle in the abovementioned location. Computerized tomography and anatomical dissection were employed to evaluate the injectate spread. Our results showed the feasibility of this approach in cat cadavers as a consistent staining of the truncus sympathicus (T13–L3) and the rami ventrales of the spinal nerves (T13–L3) was observed. These results are compatible with the induction of somatic and visceral analgesia of the abdomen, although the cranial abdominal wall may not be covered. Abstract The quadratus lumborum (QL) block is an ultrasound-guided locoregional anesthesia technique which aims to provide analgesia to the abdomen. The main objective of this study was to assess a modified ultrasound-guided dorsal QL block in cat cadavers. For this purpose, a volume of 0.4 mL kg−1 of a mixture of iopromide and methylene blue was administered between the psoas minor muscle and the vertebral body (VB) of the first lumbar vertebra, and its distribution was assessed in thirteen cat cadavers. We hypothesized that this injection point would be feasible, offering a more cranial distribution of the injectate and a more consistent staining of the truncus sympathicus. The study was divided into two phases. Phase 1 consisted of an anatomical study (three cadavers were dissected). Phase 2 consisted of the ultrasound-guided administration of the injectate and the assessment of its distribution by computed tomography and anatomical dissection. The results showed a consistent distribution of contrast media within five (4–8) VBs from T10 to L5. Methylene blue stained three (2–6) rami ventrales, affecting T11 (10%), T12 (20%), T13 (60%), L1 (85%), L2 (95%) and L3 (65%). The truncus sympathicus was dyed in all cadavers with a spread of five (3–7) VBs. Finally, the splanchnicus major nerve was stained in all cadavers (100%). These results suggest that this technique could provide analgesia to the abdominal viscera and the abdominal wall, probably with the exception of the cranial aspects of the abdominal wall.
On Elementary and Composite Particles: the Case of Exotic Hadrons

By elementary hadron we mean a compact bound state of quarks as opposite to a composite hadron, which is made up by other elementary hadrons. To decide the structure of exotic hadrons one may either look for patterns in spectroscopy, as the quark model suggests, or resort to the physics of shallow bound states, virtual states, cusps etc. In recent times, following an experimental study by the LHCb collaboration, a discussion has been raised on the role of the scattering effective range 𝑟 0 as a discriminating parameter between the elementary and composite hypotheses for the 𝑋 ( 3872 ) . I will present a brief introduction to this topic
Need for Affect, Problematic Social Media Use and the Mediating Role of Fear of Missing Out in European and Arab Samples

Purpose The growing awareness and concern about the excessive use of social media have led to an increasing number of studies investigating the underlying factors contributing to this behavior. In the literature, it is discussed that problematic social media use (PSMU) can impact individuals’ mental health and well-being. Drawing on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, this study aimed to examine the association between the need for affect (affect approach and affect avoidance) and PSMU (operationalized via the social media disorder scale), as well as the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO) in that relation. Participants and Methods Data were collected via an online survey from 513 participants in European and Arabic countries. Regression and mediation analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between affect approach, affect avoidance, FoMO, and PSMU. Results Regression analysis results indicated that both affect approach and affect avoidance as part of the need for affect construct significantly predicted PSMU in both cultural contexts. Mediation analysis showed that FoMO partially mediated the relationship between affect approach and PSMU in the Arab sample but not in the European sample. Beyond this, FoMO partially mediated the relationship between affect avoidance and PSMU in both cultural samples. Conclusion The present study indicates that managing emotions could be an effective strategy to combat PSMU. In line with this and against the background of the data business model behind social media companies, we deem it to be of importance to minimize triggers related to FoMO in the design of social media platforms (for example, push notifications). This might be particularly relevant for individuals with a high inclination towards affect approach and affect avoidance.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORAGING ACTIVITY OF HONEY BEE (APIS MELLIFERA L.) AND BEE POLLEN STORAGE

Foraging behavior is one of the amazing behaviors of honey bees, Apis mellifera . Foraging behavior is not useful only for feeding the colony by collecting the nectar and pollens but for plant pollination and other benefits. Bee pollen is good food product with nutritional profile and therapeutic benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the relation between foraging activity and storing pollens. Ten honey bee colonies located in Faculty of agriculture apiary at Minia region at seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. Data showed positive relation between foraging bees activity and stored pollen area also, the highest foraging bees activity and stored pollen area was recorded in summer and spring season and the lowest in autumn and winter. Data showed that the highest mean foraging bees (53.64 and 37.56 bees) in August and July (summer season). On the other hand, results showed that the highest of mean pollen area (128.4 and 131 inch 2 ) in June month in summer season. While, the lowest of mean pollen area (1.2 and 1.4 inch 2 ) in winter season .
Oceanic Origins of Historical Southwest Asia Precipitation During the Boreal Cold Season

AbstractWhile a strong influence on cold season southwest Asia precipitation by Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) has been previously established, the scarcity of southwest Asia precipitation observations prior to 1960 renders the region’s long-term precipitation history largely unknown. Here a large ensemble of atmospheric model simulations forced by observed time-varying boundary conditions for 1901–2012 is used to examine the long-term sensitivity of November–April southwest Asia precipitation to Pacific SSTs. It is first established that the models are able to reproduce the key features of regional variability during the best-observed 1960–2005 period and then the pre-1960 variability is investigated using the model simulations.During the 1960–2005 period, both the mean precipitation and the two leading modes of precipitation variability during November–April are reasonably simulated by the atmospheric models, which include the previously identified relationships with El Nino–Southern Oscillatio.
Why TVET colleges are not attractive places of higher learning for South African high school learners?

Annually, South African universities experience an overwhelming number of learners who are interested in enrolling with them because they are viewed as more appealing post-secondary school study options compared to technical and vocational education and training (TVET) colleges. Therefore, it is important to understand high school learners’ views of TVET colleges so that the issue of oversubscription at universities can be addressed and ensure TVET colleges are a favourable option for learners. In South Africa, most studies investigating TVET colleges as study options involve samples primarily of students already enrolled at TVET colleges. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate high school learners’ views on TVET colleges as a study option after high school. A qualitative study was conducted in which data was collected using a qualitative questionnaire from a sample of 42 high school learners from Grades 10, 11, and 12. Three themes were constructed from the data: the pull factors, the push factors, and the expectations of TVET colleges. Several misconceptions and expectations about TVETs were identified. As most studies used TVET students as study samples, the findings in this study have implications for TVET colleges as they provide insights into the perspectives of South African high school learners and how TVET colleges need to market themselves as viable study options.
Geological factors responsible for REY-rich mud in the western North Pacific Ocean: Implications from mineralogy and grain size distributions

Copyright © 2016 by The Geochemical Society of Japan. increased access to REY resources are critically needed. Recently, Kato et al. (2011) reported the existence of extensive new REY resources on the abyssal seafloor of many areas of the Pacific Ocean. They referred to pelagic sediment with total REY contents (ÂREY) greater than 400 ppm as “REY-rich mud”. By chemical analyses of sediment samples from two Deep Sea Drilling Project/ Ocean Drilling Program (DSDP/ODP) cores (DSDP Hole 198A and ODP Hole 800A), Kato et al. (2012) identified REY-rich mud within the Japanese Exclusive Economic Zone around Minamitorishima Island (Minamitorishima Geological factors responsible for REY-rich mud in the western North Pacific Ocean: Implications from mineralogy and grain size distributions
Developing Green Waqf Model for Environmental Issues

The discussion on strengthening environmental issues for sustainable development is summarized in SDGs goal fifteen. On the other hand, waqf is an Islamic social fund instrument that has a sustainable nature and has relevance to SDGs, so it has the potential to be developed in its role in maintaining a more sustainable environment. This research seeks to look at waqf models that are relevant to the SDGs by prioritizing waqf models that can be implemented in Indonesia in line with SDGs goal 15 from the Maqasid al-Shariah perspective. Furthermore, this research proposes a model for realizing the 15th SDG goal, namely the preservation of terrestrial ecosystems based on waqf through a modified Green Waqf scheme
Examination of the behaviour of the lungs under high-frequency chest
 compression airway clearance therapy

— Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, with 3 million in 2019. Medical devices for high-frequency chest compression (HFCC) therapy are currently the most common approach to relieve COPD symptoms in the lungs. The resonance frequency of the human thorax is one of the most influential parameters for HFCC to act on the viscoelastic, shear-thinning, and thixotropic properties of bronchial mucus for airway clearance therapy (ACT). In this study, a 3D computed tomography-based finite element analysis (CT/FEA) is done by COMSOL Multiphysics ® 6.1 under the frequency domain with the purpose of examining the resonance frequency and the behaviour of lungs under HFCC therapy. An excitation under 140 dB SPL with a frequency range between 5 and 100 Hz is considered on the back-chest surface. As for comparison, the maximum kinetic energy density is 3.3 times higher than the kinetic energy density for the whole thorax because of the poroviscoelastic physical properties of the lungs. The lung kinetic energy density value reaches a peak at 56 µ J/m 3 at 30 Hz, which is supported by the numerical and experimental studies in the literature.
THEMATIC ARTICLES - CHALLENGES OF IMMIGRATION: BETWEEN ADAPTATION AND RETURNING HOME?

Since economic factors cannot fully explain the determinants of bilateral migration, this study explores the social and cultural determinants that influence an individual's decision to migrate. Values, norms and interests in a given culture, may determine whether an individual's intention to move translates into actual migration. Work values inherent in different cultures could explain why people move or do not move under the condition of perceived economic advantages of migration. A gravity type migration model is used to incorporate variables related both to economic indicators and work values. It is perhaps the first migration study to use the World Value Survey (WVS) and the European Value Survey (EVS). We use 2000 stock bilateral migration dataset collected by the World Bank. Our findings indicate that if more aspects of work are valued in a country, this country sends more migrants. Also we show that countries with higher extrinsic work value orientation tend to send more migrants, while countries with higher intrinsic work value orientation tend to send fewer migrants. Our finding shows that the value of work and the level of job security in a country may significantly change migration decision.
Associations between load-velocity profiling and race parameters of elite swimmers in the 100 and 200m freestyle events

Introduction Improving swimming performance involves assessments of biomechanical variables of the stroke, and it can be achieved using semi-tethered swimming tests. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the associations between load-velocity (L-V) profiles, from a semi-tethered swimming protocol and race variables in the 100 m and 200 m freestyle events. Methods Eight swimmers completed a L-V profiling protocol consisting of four sprints (25 m, 25 m, 20 m, 15 m) against increasing loads (0.1, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 kg respectively) with complete recovery between repetitions (>5 min). The L-V linear regression was used to estimate maximal velocity (V0) and body mass normalized load (rL0). Race variables such as clean swimming speed (V), stroke rate (SR), distance per cycle (SL) and stroke index (SI) were assessed from video analysis of 100 m and 200 m freestyle events taking place 3–4 days after the L-V protocol. Results L-V results showed high levels of speed (mean ± SD: 1.87 ± 0.04 m/s) and heavy maximal relative loads (mean ± SD: 38.5 ± 6.51 as % of body mass). Swimmers also achieved high-level performances in the 100 m (mean ± SD time: 51.95 ± 0.75 s) and the 200 m (mean ± SD time: 113.85 ± 2.67 s). For the 100 m events, the maximal relative load showed strong correlation with performance (r = 0.63) whereas trivial correlation was observed for the 200 m events (r = 0.12). SR on the 100 m and the 200 m also showed very strong association with rL0 (r = 0.83) and a strong association with V0 (r = 0.68) respectively. Conclusion The relationships between L-V variables and race variables depend on the distance of the event. However, L-V variables seem to be less related to SR and SL evolutions for the 100 m than in the 200 m event. Moreover, L-V profiles tend to be more related to the 100 m than 200 m freestyle performance. L-V profile should be interpreted taking into consideration the specific physiological and biomechanical constraints of the main events of the swimmer.
Identification and intercomparison of surface‐based inversions over Antarctica from IASI, ERA‐Interim, and Concordiasi dropsonde data

Surface‐based temperature inversions (SBIs) occur frequently over Antarctica and play an important role in climate and weather. Antarctic SBIs are examined during the austral spring of 2010 using measurements from dropsondes, ERA‐Interim Atmospheric Reanalysis Model, and the recently released version 6 of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) level 2 product. A SBI detection algorithm is applied to temperature profiles from these data sets. The results will be used to determine if satellite and reanalysis products can accurately characterize SBIs, and if so, then they may be used to study SBIs outside of the spring 2010 study period. From the dropsonde data, SBIs occur in 20% of profiles over sea ice and 54% of profiles over land. IASI and ERA‐Interim surface air temperatures are found to be significantly warmer than dropsonde observations at high plateau regions, while IASI surface air temperatures are colder over sea ice. IASI and ERA‐Interim have a cold bias at nearly all levels above the surface when compared to the dropsonde. SBIs are characterized by their frequency, depth, and intensity. It is found that SBIs are more prevalent, deeper, and more intense over the continent than over sea ice, especially at higher surface elevations. Using IASI and ERA‐Interim data the detection algorithm has a high probability of detection of SBIs but is found to severely overestimate the depth and underestimate the intensity for both data sets. These overestimation and underestimation are primarily due to the existence of extremely shallow inversion layers that neither satellite nor reanalysis products can resolve.
Application of Health Canada QMRA Model in 17 Canadian Drinking Water Treatment Plants

RESUME Securiser l'approvisionnement en eau potable est l'un des defis les plus importants pour l'industrie de l'eau potable. L'analyse quantitative du risque microbien (AQRM) est un outil qui sert a estimer le risque de la sante publique cause par l'exposition aux microorganismes pathogenes suite a la consommation d'eau potable. Une approche a barrieres multiples de traitement d'eau potable est generalement adoptee pour assurer une bonne qualite d’eau potable. L’AQRM peut etre considere comme une etape de l'implantation d’une approche a barrieres multiples. Sante Canada a elabore un modele sur Excel d’AQRM qui fournit une evaluation des risques pour la sante humaine suite a l’exposition vi a l’eau potable a cinq agents pathogenes cibles: E. coli O157: H7, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Campylobacter et rotavirus. Ce modele simplifie est concu pour un usage par les ingenieurs municipaux, les operateurs et les decideurs locaux. ----------ABSTRACT Securing drinking water supply is one of the most significant challenges for the drinking water industry. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) is a tool used to estimate the public health risk from exposure to pathogenic microorganisms through drinking water consumption. A multiple barrier approach to drinking water treatment is generally adopted to ensure safe drinking water. QMRA can be used as a part of the multiple barriers approach. Health Canada developed an Excel based QMRA model providing an assessment for human health risk while exposed to 5 index pathogens: E. coli O157:H7, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Campylobacter, and Rotavirus. This model is designed for the municipal engineers, Water Treatment Plant (WTP) operators and local decision makers.
Study on the Use of Coal Bottom Ash as a Raw Material Replacement for the Production of Clay Bricks

Context: Masonry bricks are one of the most widely used building materials in the world, which leads to the overexploitation of its raw materials. Its production consumes a large amount of energy and has a large environmental footprint. The clay brick industry can add residues to its raw materials; among those reported are tea processing waste, brick waste, paper industry residues, waste from coffee mills, and coal ashes. Method: Bottom coal ashes were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, electronic microscopy, and particle size analysis. In addition, their density and loss on ignition were determined. The incorporation of ashes in the elaboration of clay bricks was evaluated, with sand replacement percentages of 0, 3, 5, and 7%. Finally, the physical and mechanical properties of the bricks were evaluated. Results: The water absorption and apparent porosity increased, while the compressive strength and bulk density decreased with the incorporation of ash in the brick samples, except for those with a 3% replacement, which showed a better performance in the evaluated properties. Conclusions: Coal bottom ashes have great potential in the manufacturing of clay bricks. The findings of this study indicate that, by incorporating up to 3% ashes, bricks can be obtained which comply with the Colombian regulations.
Factors related to sleep in family caregivers of people with dementia: A systematic review

Background: Family caregivers (FCGs) face many problems when taking care of people with dementia. Purpose: This study wanted to explore the factors related to FCGs’ sleep in people with dementia. Methods: The study used a systematic review approach based on PRISMA. The study focused on FCGs for people with dementia in the home setting. A narrative synthesis was employed. Results: The result showed that the sleep problem and severity of a patient with dementia have an essential role in their state. Those indirectly impact the FCGs’ condition. The majority of the study’s sleep problems were related to physical fatigue that influenced the FCGs’ distress. Coping mechanisms have an essential role in the caregiver situation. A maladaptive coping mechanism would increase the stress of the caregiver and lead to a sleep problem. Conclusion: The consequences of those are burden and depression. Therefore, FCGs should be supported by families, friends, and healthcare workers. Community online groups of the FCGs might be helpful to support each other.