Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CMAR_A_283204 6705..6719

1Department of Research, Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia; 2Department of Research, Faculty of Dentistry at the Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia; 3Department of Research, Faculty of Dentistry at the Corporación Universitaria Rafael Nuñez, Cartagena, Colombia Purpose: This review describes the current scientific evidence of therapeutic options in unresectable oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We searched MEDLINE (Via PubMed) to identify studies assessing treatments for unresectable oral squamous cell carcinoma. The methodological quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist tool. The evidence was organized and presented using tables and narrative synthesis. Results: Thirty-three studies met the eligibility criteria. Most studies had an observational design. The sample size varied from 16 to 916 participants. The methodology quality of the included studies ranged from 2.5 to 10 using the JBI tool. Overall, the optimal treatment of patients with unresectable oral cancer is challenging, so there is a sprinkling of studies assessing a variety of therapeutic options, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy plus chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and gene therapy plus chemotherapy. Conclusion: There is lacking evidence about the benefits of some therapeutic options for unresectable oral squamous cell carcinoma. Overall, these patients can be treated using a multimodal approach such as concurrent chemoradiotherapy or induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy, which have shown good clinical outcomes. However, other options could be considered depending on the assessment of risk/benefits, tumor extension, and patient values and preferences.
Human FOXP3 and tumour microenvironment

The tumour microenvironment (TME) is a complex system composed of cancer cells, stromal cells and immune cells. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the TME impede immune surveillance of tumours and suppress antitumor immune responses. Transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) is the main marker of Tregs, which dominates the function of Tregs. FOXP3 was originally thought to be a Tregs‐specific expression molecule, and recent studies have found that FOXP3 is expressed in a variety of tumours with inconsistent functional roles. This review summarizes the recent progress of infiltrating Treg‐FOXP3 and tumour‐FOXP3 in TME, discusses the communication mechanism between FOXP3+ cells and effector T cells in TME, the relationship between FOXP3 and clinical prognosis, and the potential of FOXP3‐targeted therapy.
Clinical Challenges in Diagnosis, Tumor Localization and Treatment of Tumor‐Induced Osteomalacia: Outcome of a Retrospective Surveillance

Tumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is an acquired fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)‐related hypophosphatemic osteomalacia caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs) developed in the bone or soft tissue. Diagnostic delay should be addressed, and ideal techniques to localize PMTs and efficient treatment options should be explored to improve the outcomes of this rare disease. To clarify the detailed clinical course and outcomes of TIO patients, retrospective questionnaire surveys were conducted among physicians from the Japanese Society for Bone and Mineral Research (JSBMR) and the Japan Endocrine Society (JES). The primary survey collected the number of TIO patients between January 2007 and December 2018. The secondary survey aimed to obtain the detailed characteristics, laboratory data, and outcomes. Eighty‐eight patients (52 males, mean: 52 years old) were included, and 24 patients were clinically diagnosed with TIO without localized PMTs. The median duration from the onset to detection of high FGF23 levels was 3.4 years, with 77 patients being initially misdiagnosed. Among the methods used to detect small, localized PMTs (≤10 mm), fluorine‐18‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography/computed tomography and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy were less sensitive than somatostatin receptor positron emission tomography/computed tomography (SRPET/CT). Systemic venous sampling (SVS) of FGF23 was performed in 53 patients; among them, SVS was considered useful for detecting localized PMTs in 45 patients with diverse tumor sizes. Finally, 45 patients achieved biochemical remission by surgery, 39 patients continued pharmaceutical treatment, including burosumab (11 patients), and four patients died. These results encouraged us to further increase the awareness of TIO and to improve the accessibility of SRPET/CT and SVS. Further evidence about the efficacy of new pharmaceutical treatments is awaited. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Resistance exercise attenuates IKKε phosphorylation and hepatic fat accumulation of obese mice

Obesity is associated with low‐grade inflammation and disturbances in hepatic metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of resistance exercise on inflammatory signalling related to IκB kinase (IKK) ɛ protein (IKKɛ) and on hepatic fat accumulation in obese mice. Male Swiss mice were distributed into three groups: control (CTL) fed with standard chow; obese (OB) mice induced by a high‐fat diet (HFD); obese exercised (OB + RE) mice fed with HFD and submitted to a resistance exercise training. The resistance exercise training protocol consisted of 20 sets/3 ladder climbs for 8 weeks, three times/week on alternate days. The training overload was equivalent to 70% of the maximum load supported by the rodent. Assays were performed to evaluate weight gain, hepatic fat content, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, IKKɛ phosphorylation and proteins related to insulin signalling and lipogenesis in the liver. Mice that received the high‐fat diet showed greater adiposity, impaired insulin sensitivity, increased fasting glucose and increased hepatic fat accumulation. These results were accompanied by an increase in IKKɛ phosphorylation and lipogenesis‐related proteins such as cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the liver of obese mice. In contrast, exercised mice showed lower body weight and adiposity evolution throughout the experiment. In addition, resistance exercise suppressed the effects of the high‐fat diet by reducing IKKɛ phosphorylation and hepatic fat content. In conclusion, resistance exercise training improves hepatic fat metabolism and glycaemic homeostasis, which are, at least in part, linked to the anti‐inflammatory effect of reduced IKKɛ phosphorylation in the liver of obese mice.
Nursing students' professional image in the Covid‐19 pandemic in Turkey: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract Background Nursing students' professional perceptions are affected by the environment they live in. Nursing students think that the nursing profession is important during the pandemic. Purpose This descriptive, cross‐sectional study was conducted to determine the nursing students' professional image perceptions and the affecting factors during the Covid‐19 pandemic in Turkey. Methods The research population consisted of all nursing students (N = 750) of two universities in Turkey. The research data were collected using a personal information form and the Scale for the Image of Nursing Profession (SINP). Results Of the students, 76.4% were not infected with Covid‐19, 30.8% had an individual in their family infected with Covid‐19; 34% had an immediate family member who died of Covid‐19; 99.4% thought that the nursing profession is important during the Covid‐19 pandemic. A statistically significant difference was found between the place where the students live and the SINP (p < .05). Conclusion The students' image perceptions toward the nursing profession were found to be at a good level. This indicates that image perception toward nursing profession has increased during the pandemic. It can be said that the place where the students are in the pandemic process and their thoughts about the nursing profession affect their professional image perceptions.
Zerlegung reeller algebraischer Funktionen in Quadrate. Schiefkörper über reellem Funktionenkörper.

Mit der Darstellung von Funktionen durch Quadrate hat sich zuerst Hubert beschäftigt. Dann haben Landau und Artin die Untersuchungen darüber fortgeführt. Hier sollen die Funktionen eines reellen algebraischen Funktionenkörpers k hinsichtlich ihrer Zerlegung in Quadrate untersucht werden, und zwar wird dies unter Verwendung Abelscher Integrale geschehen. Auf diesem Wege wird der letzte Satz der Artinschen Arbeit ) für den Fall des Körpers k von neuem bewiesen werden, sogar mit den genaueren Zusätzen: Ist eine Funktion des Körpers k überhaupt Summe von Quadraten, so ist sie auch schon Summe zweier Quadrate. Ist — l überhaupt Summe von Quadraten, dann ist jede Funktion des Körpers k Summe zweier Quadrate. Sehen wir uns die Verhältnisse genauer an: Durch die Gleichung f(x, y) = 0 mit reellen Koeffizienten sei der reelle algebraische Funktionenkörper k definiert. Seine Elemente & werden wir reelle Funktionen nennen, die Elemente A des Oberkörpers k(i) sollen dagegen komplex heißen. Zum Oberkörper k(i) gehört eine Riemannsche Fläche vom Geschlecht p, diese sei rc-blättrig über der #-Kugel. Mit jedem Punkt5ß = (x, y) liegt auch der konjugiert komplexe Punkt ^° = (x, y) auf der Fläche. Die Menge der reellen Punkte 5ß = 5 bilden eine Reihe von geschlossenen Kurven, die sich nicht schneiden. Nach der topologischen Definition des Geschlechtes ist die Anzahl r dieser reellen Kurven eine der Zahlen 0 bis p + i. Auf diesen reellen Kurven sind die Werte jeder Funktion des Körpers k reell oder oo. Eine reelle Funktion a werden wir definit nennen, wenn <% auf keiner der Kurven das Vorzeichen wechselt, ebenso soll a positiv definit heißen, wenn a auf keiner Kurve negativ wird. Z. B. ist die Zahl — l immer definit, im nullteiligen Fall (r = 0) sogar positiv definit. Über das Verhalten der reellen Funktionen auf den reellen Kurven werden wir folgendes beweisen: I. Ist positiv definit, so ist a = ß + y. II. Wird zu jeder Kurve ein Vorzeichen gewählt, so gibt es definite Funktionen, die genau das verlangte Vorzeichen haben. III. Wird auf jeder Kurve eine gerade Anzahl von verschiedenen Punkten willkürlich markiert, so gibt es Funktionen, die genau an diesen Stellen ihr Vorzeichen wechseln.
From Resistant to Aggressive and Malignant Prolactinomas: A Translational Approach

Prolactinomas are the most frequent pituitary adenomas. Most are successfully treated with Dopamine-Agonists (DA) and Cabergoline (CAB) is recommended as a first line therapeutic option. However, up to 20% may present primary or secondary DA/CAB resistance. Primary resistance is more frequent in macro- and/or invasive prolactinomas, in males and in the presence of inherited genetic predisposition to pituitary adenomas. Secondary resistance develops during follow-up, possibly indicating a change in tumour behaviour. Whereas partial resistance can be frequently overcome by increasing the weekly CAB dose above the labelled dose, severe resistance is typically associated with more aggressive features, often requiring a multimodal approach. Surgery may be indicated to improve neurological symptoms, before pregnancy, or to reduce pharmacological requirement. Because highly aggressive and malignant prolactinomas are life-threatening diseases, a panel of clinical, pathological and molecular features may be considered in order to achieve an early diagnosis and plan an adeguate follow-up and treatment. In addition to surgery and/or radiotherapy, Temozolomide (TMZ) currently represents the best option for highly aggressive/malignant prolactinomas. However, up to 30-40% of these tumours may not respond satisfactorily to TMZ and require innovative and personalized therapeutic approaches, such as molecular or radionuclide therapies targeted upon further characterization of the tumour. Increasing knowledge about the pathways involved in severe DA resistance and the aggressive behaviour of prolactinomas should help improve the clinical outcome of such patients.
OP-BRCM210079 1..16

Synaptic degeneration has been reported as one of the best pathological correlates of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease. However, the location of these synaptic alterations within hippocampal sub-regions, the vulnerability of the presynaptic versus postsynaptic compartments, and the biological mechanisms for these impairments remain unknown. Here, we performed immunofluorescence labelling of different synaptic proteins in fixed and paraffin-embedded human hippocampal sections and report reduced levels of several presynaptic proteins of the neurotransmitter release machinery (complexin-1, syntaxin-1A, synaptotagmin1 and synaptogyrin-1) in Alzheimer’s disease cases. The deficit was restricted to the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, whereas other hippocampal sub-fields were preserved. Interestingly, standard markers of postsynaptic densities (SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 2) and dendrites (microtubule-associated protein 2) were unaltered, as well as the relative number of granule cells in the dentate gyrus, indicating that the deficit is preferentially presynaptic. Notably, staining for the axonal components, myelin basic protein, SMI-312 and Tau, was unaffected, suggesting that the local presynaptic impairment does not result from axonal loss or alterations of structural proteins of axons. There was no correlation between the reduction in presynaptic proteins in the outer molecular layer and the extent of the amyloid load or of the dystrophic neurites expressing phosphorylated forms of Tau. Altogether, this study highlights the distinctive vulnerability of the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus and supports the notion of presynaptic failure in Alzheimer’s disease.
Freezing behavior of stratospheric inferred from trajectory studies

Patrick HamillDepartment of Physics, San Jose State University, San Jose, CaliforniaAbstract. Temperature histories based on 10-day backtrajectories for six ER-2 flights during AASE I (1989) andAAOE (1987) are presented. These trajectories along with theproperties of the observed PSC (polar stratospheric cloud)particles are used here to infer the physical state of the pre-existing sulfuric acid aerosols. Of all the ER-2 flightsdescribed here, only the PSCs observed on the flights ofJanuary 24 and 25, 1989 are consistent with the thermo-dynamics of liquid ternary solutions of H2SOd]-INO_H20 (TypeIb PSCs). For these two days, back trajectories indicate thatthe air mass was exposed to SAT (sulfuric acid tetrahydrate)melting temperatures about 24 hours prior to being sampledby the ER-2. For the remaining ER-2 flights (January, 16, 19,and 20 for the AASE I campaign and August 17 for the AAOEcampaign), the observed PSCs were probably composed ofamorphous solid solutions of HNO3 and H20 (Type Ic PSCs). Formation of such Type Ic PSCs requires the presence of solidH2SO 4 aerosols since liquid aerosols yield ternary solutions.The 10-day back trajectories of these flights indicate that theair mass was not exposed to SAT melting temperatures duringthe past week and had experienced cooling/warming cyclesprior to being sampled by the ER-2. These temperaturehistories, recent laboratory measurements and the propertiesof glassy solids suggest that stratospheric H2SO4 aerosols mayundergo a phase transition to SAT upon warming at - 198 Kafter going through a cooling cycle to about 194 K or lower.IntroductionIt is believed that stratospheric sulfate aerosols serve ascondensation nuclei for the formation of Type I PSCs (HNO3-containing aerosols). Depending on the physical state of thepre-existing sulfate aerosols, different classes of Type I PSCsmay form [Browell et al., 1990; Toon et al., 1990; Tabazadehand Toon, 1995]. We have recently shown that if the pre-existing H2SO,dI-120 aerosols are liquid then ternary solutionsof H2SOJHNO3/H20 (Type Ib) will form (Tabazadeh et al.,1994a]. However, if the H2SO,dH20 aerosols are frozen, anamorphous solid solution of HNO3 and H2 O (Type Ic) willinitially form [Tabazadeh and Toon, 1995]. In this paper, weuse temperature histories and the thermodynamic properties ofthe H2SOdH20 system to describe a new mechanism for theformation of solid phase stratospheric sulfate aerosols.Jenson et al. [1991] and Luo et al. [1994] have suggestedthat H2SO4 aerosols may freeze when ice homogeneouslynucleates in a supercooled H2SOJH20 solution. However, it isnot clear whether ice nucleation in solution leads to thefreezing of HzSO4 in the solution as SAT. Due to the rapidCopyright 1995 by the American Geophysical Union•Paper number 95GL013350094-8534/95/95GL-01335503.00growth of ice crystals, the
RelationbetweenObesity,Insulinemia,andSerum AminoAcid Concentrationsin a Sample of ItalianAdults

Dataare presented on serum insulin concentrations in the parents of a sample of obese elementary school children and those of a matched sample of nonobese children. Amino acid concentrations were measured in serum of venous blood, drawn in the morning after overnight fasting. Correlation analyses were carried out in the obese and nonobese groups of each sex separately. Log values of insulin and amino acid concentrations were correlated with a ponderal index.
DB12-1397R Activation of PPARα ameliorates hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis in high fructose-fed mice despite increased ER stress Running Title: PPARα activation eliminates hepatic insulin resistance against increased ER stress

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is suggested to cause hepatic insulin resistance by increasing de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and/or directly interfering with insulin signaling via activation of the JNK and IKK pathway. The present study interrogated these two proposed mechanisms in a mouse model of hepatic insulin resistance induced by a high fructose (HFru) diet with the treatment of fenofibrate (FB, 100 mg/kg/day), a PPARα agonist known to reduce lipid accumulation while maintaining elevated DNL in the liver. FB administration completely corrected HFru-induced glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis and the impaired hepatic insulin signaling (pAkt and pGSK3β). Intriguingly, both IRE1/XBP1 and PERK/eIF2α arms of the UPR signaling were activated. While retaining the elevated DNL (indicated by the upregulation of SREBP1c, ACC, FAS and SCD1 and 3 H2O incorporation into lipids), FB treatment markedly increased FA oxidation (indicated by induction of ACOX1, pACC, β-HAD activity and 14 C-palmitate oxidation) and eliminated the accumulation of diacylglycerols (DAGs) which is known to impact on insulin signaling. Despite the marked activation of UPR signaling, neither JNK nor IKK appeared to be activated. These findings suggest that lipid accumulation (mainly DAGs), rather than the activation of JNK or IKK is pivotal for ER stress to cause hepatic insulin resistance. Therefore, by reducing the accumulation of deleterious lipids, activation of PPARα is able to ameliorate hepatic insulin resistance against increased ER stress.
Effect of Feeding Graded Levels of Whole Sugarcane Waste with or Without Fishmeal and Grasshopper Meal Supplementation in the Diets of Broilers

A total of two hundred and seventy (270) day old broiler chicks were used to evaluate the effect of feeding graded level of whole sugarcane waste with or without fishmeal and grasshopper meal supplementation in the diet of broiler. The diet formulated had three (3) inclusion levels of Whole sugarcane waste (WSW) at 0, 5, 10 %, with animal protein supplementation (fishmeal and grasshopper meal) at 2.5 %. The experimental animals were randomly distributed into nine dietary treatments. There were three replicates per treatment with ten birds per replicates. Feed and water were supplied ad-libitum while standard poultry management where strictly followed during the study. Data on different performance parameters such as average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and cost of feed where collected . It was a 3×3 factorial experiment in a complete randomized design (CRD). The experiment lasted for a period of (8) weeks. The result showed that the experimental diet had significant effects (P<0.05) on final weight, daily feed intake, weight gain and feed to gain ratio. Supplement interaction showed significant difference on final weight, daily feed intake, and feed to gain ratio. This study showed that broilers fed 5% Whole sugar cane waste supplemented with grasshopper meal had better performance as it gave better growth performance When compared to 10% inclusion level.
Dendritic Cell Differentiation Regulate GM-CSF or Flt3 Ligand-Mediated Myeloid Progenitors to Differentially Estradiol Acts Directly on Bone Marrow

Estrogen receptor (ER) ligands modulate hemopoiesis and immunity in the normal state, during autoimmunity, and after infection or trauma. Dendritic cells (DC) are critical for initiation of innate and adaptive immune responses. We demonstrate, using cytokine-driven culture models of DC differentiation, that 17- (cid:1) -estradiol exerts opposing effects on differentiation mediated by GM-CSF and Flt3 ligand, the two cytokines that regulate DC differentiation in vivo. We also show that estradiol acts on the same highly puriﬁed Flt3 (cid:2) myeloid progenitors (MP) to differentially regulate the DC differentiation in each model. In GM-CSF-supplemented cultures initiated from MP, physiological amounts of estradiol promoted differentiation of Langerhans-like DC. Conversely, in Flt3 ligand-supplemented cultures initiated from the same MP, estradiol inhibited cell survival in a dose-dependent manner, thereby decreasing the yield of plasmacytoid and conventional myeloid and lymphoid DC. Experiments with bone marrow cells from ER-deﬁcient mice and the ER antagonist ICI182,780 showed that estradiol acted primarily via ER (cid:3) to regulate DC differentiation. Thus, depending on the cytokine environment, pathways of ER signaling and cytokine receptor signaling can differentially interact in the same Flt3 (cid:2) MP to regulate DC development. Because the Flt3 ligand-mediated differentiation pathway is important during homeostasis, and GM-CSF-mediated pathways are increased by inﬂammation, our data suggest that endogenous or pharmacological ER ligands may differentially affect DC development during homeostasis and disease, with consequent effects on DC-mediated immunity. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 180: 727–738.