Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coherent coupled-reaction-channels analysis of existing and new 
p
 + 
Be9
 data between 1.7 and 15 MeV/nucleon

N. Keeley,1,* A. Pakou,2,† V. Soukeras,2,3 F. Cappuzzello,3,4 L. Acosta,5,6 C. Agodi,3 A. Boiano,7 S. Calabrese,3,4 D. Carbone,3 M. Cavallaro,3 N. Deshmukh,3,‡ A. Foti,4,6 A. Hacisalihoglu,3 M. La Commara,7,8 I. Martel,9,§ M. Mazzocco,10,11 A. Muoio,3 C. Parascandolo,7 D. Pierroutsakou,7 K. Rusek,12 A. M. Sanchez-Benitez,13 G. Santagati,3 O. Sgouros,2,3 G. Souliotis,14 A. Spatafora,3,4 E. Strano,10,11 D. Torresi,3 and A. Trzcinska12 1National Centre for Nuclear Research, ul. Andrzeja Sołtana 7, 05-400 Otwock, Poland 2Department of Physics and HINP, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece 3INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95125 Catania, Italy 4Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universita di Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy 5Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico Distrito Federal 01000, Mexico 6INFN Sezione di Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy 7INFN Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy 8Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”,via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy 9Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom 10Departimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universita di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131, Padova, Italy 11INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131, Padova, Italy 12Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5a, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland 13Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Física, Matemáticas y Computación (CEAFMC), Department of Integrated Sciences, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain 14Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and HINP, 15771 Athens, Greece
Interim position emission tomography-computed tomography during multimodality treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer: a scoping review

Background Among cancers, esophageal cancer (EC) has one of the highest incidences and mortality in Asia. As recognized in many national guidelines, functional imaging performed with position emission tomography is recommended for patients with locally advanced disease. This review evaluated evidence for the use of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) interim positron emission tomography (PETint) in bimodality (chemoradiation) and trimodality (chemoradiation followed by surgery) management of locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC), with a focus on its prognostic and predictive value. Methods The MEDLINE database was searched from January 1, 2001, to January 1, 2022, as part of a scoping review. References of selected articles were manually checked to identify other articles meeting the inclusion criteria; only original articles were included, and reviews, guidelines, letters, editorials, and case reports were excluded. Results A total of 63 articles were included in this review. PET-computed tomography (PET-CT) is recognized as having a significant role in the assessment of treatment response. Studies on the predictive PETint suggest that it has a certain value, particularly for early response. Identification of poor responders or nonresponders soon after commencement of multimodality treatment allows for treatment modification. Conclusions The scoping review indicated variable utility for the prognostic value of PETint. There is a need to improve its accuracy, which can likely be achieved through greater standardization of measurements and reporting and testing as well as combination with other promising measures of response to residual disease.
Volumetric 3-component velocimetry (v3v) measurements of the turbulent flow in stirred tank reactors

Volumetric 3-component velocimetry (V3V) measurements have been made of the flow field near a Rushton turbine in a stirred tank reactor. This particular flow field is highly unsteady and threedimensional, and is characterized by a strong radial jet, large tank-scale ring vortices, and small-scale blade tip vortices. V3V uses a single camera head with three apertures and particle tracking methods to obtain approximately 15,000 vectors in a cubic volume 10 cm on a side. The data are then interpolated onto a regular grid, allowing for the ensemble averaging of individual realizations and the calculation of gradientbased quantities such as vorticity. The volumetric velocity data from the present experiments offer the most comprehensive view to date of this flow field. The mean data clearly show the structure of the tip vortices and the Gaussian nature of the radial jet. The turbulent statistics reveal the production of turbulence in the high-shear region near the impeller.
Subtle alterations of vestibulomotor functioning in conductive hearing loss

Introduction Conductive hearing loss (CHL) attenuates the ability to transmit air conducted sounds to the ear. In humans, severe hearing loss is often accompanied by alterations to other neural systems, such as the vestibular system; however, the inter-relations are not well understood. The overall goal of this study was to assess vestibular-related functioning proxies in a rat CHL model. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats (N=134, 250g, 2months old) were used in a CHL model which produced a >20dB threshold shift induced by tympanic membrane puncture. Auditory brainstem response (ABRs) recordings were used to determine threshold depth at different times before and after CHL. ABR threshold depths were assessed both manually and by an automated ABR machine learning algorithm. Vestibular-related functioning proxy assessment was performed using the rotarod, balance beam, elevator vertical motion (EVM) and Ferris-wheel rotation (FWR) assays. Results The Pre-CHL (control) threshold depth was 27.92dB±11.58dB compared to the Post-CHL threshold depth of 50.69dB±13.98dB (mean±SD) across the frequencies tested. The automated ABR machine learning algorithm determined the following threshold depths: Pre-CHL=24.3dB, Post-CHL same day=56dB, Post-CHL 7 days=41.16dB, and Post-CHL 1 month=32.5dB across the frequencies assessed (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32kHz). Rotarod assessment of motor function was not significantly different between pre and post-CHL (~1week) rats for time duration (sec) or speed (RPM), albeit the former had a small effect size difference. Balance beam time to transverse was significantly longer for post-CHL rats, likely indicating a change in motor coordination. Further, failure to cross was only noted for CHL rats. The defection count was significantly reduced for CHL rats compared to control rats following FWR, but not EVM. The total distance traveled during open-field examination after EVM was significantly different between control and CHL rats, but not for FWR. The EVM is associated with linear acceleration (acting in the vertical plane: up-down) stimulating the saccule, while the FWR is associated with angular acceleration (centrifugal rotation about a circular axis) stimulating both otolith organs and semicircular canals; therefore, the difference in results could reflect the specific vestibular-organ functional role. Discussion Less movement (EVM) and increase time to transverse (balance beam) may be associated with anxiety and alterations to defecation patterns (FWR) may result from autonomic disturbances due to the impact of hearing loss. In this regard, vestibulomotor deficits resulting in changes in balance and motion could be attributed to comodulation of auditory and vestibular functioning. Future studies should manipulate vestibular functioning directly in rats with CHL.
Source attribution of human campylobacteriosis using a meta-analysis of case-control studies of sporadic infections

SUMMARY Campylobacter spp. is a widespread and important cause of human illness worldwide. Disease is frequently associated with foodborne transmission, but other routes of exposure, such as direct contact with live animals and person-to-person transmission, are also recognized. Identifying the most important sources of human disease is essential for prioritizing food safety interventions and setting public health goals. Numerous case-control studies of sporadic infections of campylobacteriosis have been published. These studies investigated a variety of potential risk factors for disease, often using different methodologies and settings. Systematic reviews (SRs) consist of a formal process for literature review focused on a specific research question, and include the identification of relevant literature, quality assessment of relevant studies, summarization or statistical analysis of data, and conclusions. With the objective of identifying the most important risk factors for human sporadic campylobacteriosis, we performed a SR of case-control studies of human sporadic cases and a meta-analysis of the obtained results. A combined SR focusing on Salmonella and Campylobacter studies was performed and the results analysed separately. From 1295 identified references, 131 passed the relevance screening, 73 passed the quality assessment stage, and data was extracted from 72 studies. Of these, 38 focused on campylobacteriosis. Information on exposures of cases and controls, and estimated odds ratios for investigated risk factors were collected and analysed. In the meta-analysis, heterogeneity between the studies and possible sources of bias were investigated, and pooled odds ratios for identified risk factors were estimated. Results suggest that travelling abroad, eating undercooked chicken, environmental sources, and direct contact with farm animals were significant risk factors for campylobacteriosis. Sub-analyses by geographical region, age group, and study period were performed, and differences were discussed.
Brominated flame retardants: occurrence, dietary intake and risk assessment

Gebromeerde vlamvertragers zijn tot de voedselketen van de mens doorgedrongen. De aanwezigheid van deze stoffen in voedsel vormt vooralsnog geen risico voor de gezondheid. Dit is wel het geval wanneer het gehalte in voedingsmiddelen toe zou nemen. Het in kaart brengen van gebromeerde vlamvertragers in voeding blijft daarom nodig. Vlamvertragers met broom zijn vanuit het milieu in het voedsel terechtgekomen. Vanuit voedsel, maar ook uit bijvoorbeeld huisstof, worden deze stoffen in het lichaam opgenomen. Door hun scheikundige eigenschappen verlaten zij het lichaam maar heel langzaam. Hierdoor slaat het lichaam vlamvertragers in feite op. Om vast te stellen of blootstelling aan vlamvertragers schadelijk is zijn voedingsmiddelen op aanwezigheid van vlamvertragers onderzocht. Daarnaast is, als maat voor de hoeveelheid in het lichaam, ook moedermelk onderzocht. In Nederlandse voedingsmiddelen konden twaalf vlamvertragers aangetoond worden. Hiervan bleken er elf ook in moedermelk voor te komen. Het moedermelkonderzoek liet verder zien dat de hoeveelheid vlamvertragers in het lichaam tussen 1998 en 2003 niet afgenomen is. Om vast te stellen of de blootstelling aan vlamvertragers ook risicovol is, moet gewerkt worden met de maximaal dagelijks toelaatbare inname van deze stoffen. Zo'n maximale inname is voor een vlamvertrager beschikbaar. Tussen de blootstelling aan deze vlamvertrager via de voeding en zijn maximaal toelaatbare inname bestaat slechts een zeer kleine marge. Hoewel er op dit moment nog geen nadelige effect op de gezondheid is, kan dit snel veranderen wanneer meer vlamvertragers in voedingsmiddelen terechtkomen. Monitoringsonderzoek naar vlamvertagers in voeding blijft nodig. Daarnaast zou de blootstelling via huisstof beter in kaart gebracht moeten worden.
Correlation coefficient of live weight and body measurements of extensively reared West African Dwarf goats in south west zone of Nigeria

The study was conducted in Ejigbo Local Government Area of Osun State, a derived savanna zone of Nigeria. Body measurements and live weight were assessed in 399 West African Dwarf (WAD) goats 194 bucks and 205 does. The data were segregated based on sex and age groups to obtain detailed information for characterisation goat in the experimental area. Body measurement values increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with age in both sexes. Mean body weight ranged from 5.32±0.15 kg to 29.63±1.88 kg in bucks, and 5.75±0.13 kg to 30.29±1.22 kg in does. Live weight was positively and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) related with most body parameters. Body length, heart girth, rump height had highest coefficient of correlation across ages. Phenotypic values were higher in male WAD goats than the female. Conclusively, body weight and linear body measurements are economically important traits in animal genetic resources especially small ruminants like goats. Selection for increase in any of the two phenotypic variables (live weight and linear measurements) will result in an equal increase in the other. Equally, live weights, in the absence of adequate records, can be utilized to predict traits that are correlated with linear measurements.
Hospitalization Trends and Outcomes of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in the United States: A Decade-Long Nationwide Analysis

Background Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic antigen-mediated esophageal disease characterized by infiltration of the esophageal mucosa by eosinophils. The prevalence of EoE continues to rise worldwide. However, certain aspects of the epidemiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Methods This study examined the hospitalization trends of EoE using an extensive inpatient database in the United States, the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS), to identify hospitalizations between 2010 and 2019. We assessed patient demographics as well as hospital-specific variables using the NIS. We obtained the prevalence rate of EoE for each year and used joinpoint regression analysis to obtain trends after adjusting the rate for age and gender. We also sought to characterize the outcomes of these hospitalizations by obtaining the mortality rate, length of stay (LOS), and total hospital charges (THC). Results Of 305 million hospitalizations included in the study, 33,878 were for EoE. The prevalence rate per 100,000 hospitalizations of EoE increased from 6.6 in 2010 to 15.5 in 2019. The annual percentage change obtained from the joinpoint regression analysis was 13.3% from 2010 to 2014 and 7.2% from 2014 to 2019. Most of the hospitalizations were among the male gender and young adults. Almost 95% of hospitalizations across the study period were seen in urban hospitals. We did not notice any significant trend in the mortality rates or length of stay over the study period. The THC increased significantly across the study period. Conclusion There has been an upward trend in the average prevalence rate of EoE over the decade from 2010 to 2019 which almost parallels that of inflammatory bowel disease. This represents a significant burden of disease for a condition that was initially recognized in the late 20th century.
Post-Crisis Sustainable Performance of Manufacturing SMEs: The Roles of Positive Orientation, Financial Slack, and External Networks

This paper examines the roles of positive orientation, financial slack, and external networks in the sustainability of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) following the global financial crisis in 2008–2009. The financial crisis is a good example of sudden, unexpected external disruption, in which a firm’s resilience as well as sustainability is seriously tested. Using a sample of 207 manufacturing SMEs in Hong Kong, we tested the simultaneous effects of positive orientation, financial slack, and external networks on post-crisis firm performance through strategic change. Our findings show that positive orientation and external networks play an enabling role in strategic change, which in turn leads to high performance. The enabling role of financial slack is, however, not supported. The study also shows that positive orientation, financial slack, and external networks have direct and positive effects on firm performance. The results provide academics and practitioners with a new perspective of the underlying mechanism that sustains the firm performance of SMEs under a financial crisis.
Le peuplement des animaux de ferme et l'elevage de la chevre au bresil avec une etude du polymorphisme visible de la chevre du ceara

Nous avons passe en revue des documents, effectue une enquete par correspondance et visite des troupeaux caprins dans l'etat du ceara. Des milliers de tetes bovines et des centaines de tetes caprines ont ete introduites au bresil colonial en provenance du portugal et des iles du cap-vert. L'effectif caprin est reste concentre dans la region nordeste jusqu'a nos jours. Avec onze millions de tetes caprines, la production annuelle est de l'ordre de trente mille tonnes de carcasses, deux millions d'unites de peaux et cent vingt-neuf mille tonnes de lait. On estime que trente-neuf mille tonnes de lait sont commercialisees, dont une petite partie est inspectee. Il existe cinq entites caprines bresiliennes standardisees: la caninde, la gurgueia, la marota, la moxoto et la repartida et une population dite sans race definie ou srd, primaire ou metissee. L'elevage caprin de races exotiques laitieres ameliorees est une nouvelle ressource economique mais presente egalement un peril pour l'existence des populations caprines autochtones adaptees aux conditions locales. Les donnees morphometriques ont permis de discerner la variabilite existant au sein de l'echantillon sans race definie, ainsi qu'entre les differents groupes ethniques etudies. Les distances genetiques et les arbres taxonomiques calcules a partir des caracteres discrets donnent une premiere vision de la ressemblance/dissemblance entre les chevres bresiliennes et mediterraneennes
Unveiling the Clinical Benefits of High-Volume Hemodiafiltration: Optimizing the Removal of Medium-Weight Uremic Toxins and Beyond

Dialysis treatment has improved the survival of patients with kidney failure. However, the hospitalization and mortality rates remain alarmingly high, primarily due to incomplete uremic toxin elimination. High-volume hemodiafiltration (HDF) has emerged as a promising approach that significantly improves patient outcomes by effectively eliminating medium and large uremic toxins, which explains its increasing adoption, particularly in Europe and Japan. Interest in this therapy has grown following the findings of the recently published CONVINCE study, as well as the need to understand the mechanisms behind the benefits. This comprehensive review aims to enhance the scientific understanding by explaining the underlying physiological mechanisms that contribute to the positive effects of HDF in terms of short-term benefits, like hemodynamic tolerance and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, it explores the rationale behind the medium-term clinical benefits, including phosphorus removal, the modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress, anemia management, immune response modulation, nutritional effects, the mitigation of bone disorders, neuropathy relief, and amyloidosis reduction. This review also analyzes the impact of HDF on patient-reported outcomes and mortality. Considering the importance of applying personalized uremic toxin removal strategies tailored to the unique needs of each patient, high-volume HDF appears to be the most effective treatment to date for patients with renal failure. This justifies the need to prioritize its application in clinical practice, initially focusing on the groups with the greatest potential benefits and subsequently extending its use to a larger number of patients.
A General Framework for Neutrality Tests Based on the Site Frequency Spectrum

One of the main necessities for population geneticists is the availability of sensitive statistical tools that enable to accept or reject the standard Wright–Fisher model of neutral evolution. A number of statistical tests have been developed to detect specific deviations from the null frequency spectrum in different directions (e.g., Tajima’s D, Fu and Li’s F and D tests, Fay and Wu’s H). A general framework exists to generate all neutrality tests that are linear functions of the frequency spectrum. In this framework, it is possible to develop a family of optimal tests with almost maximum power against a specific alternative evolutionary scenario. In this paper we provide a thorough discussion of the structure and properties of linear and nonlinear neutrality tests. First, we present the general framework for linear tests and emphasise the importance of the property of scalability with the sample size (that is, the interpretation of the tests should not depend on the sample size), which, if missing, can lead to errors in interpreting the data. After summarising the motivation and structure of linear optimal tests, we present a more general framework for the optimisation of linear tests, leading to a new family of tunable neutrality tests. In a further generalisation, we extend the framework to nonlinear neutrality tests and we derive nonlinear optimal tests for polynomials of any degree in the frequency spectrum.
The study of different dosages of remazolam combined with sufentanil and propofol on painless gastroscopy: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Gastroscopy is one of the most commonly used diagnostic modalities for upper gastrointestinal disorders. Remazolam besylate, a new type of ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine drug, has been less studied in gastroscopy. In this study, we studied the efficacy and safety of remazolam combined with propofol for painless gastroscopy. Methods: This is a single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial. Hundred patients undergoing painless gastroscopy were included in this study and randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 50 per group): the remazolam 3 mg group (R3 group) and the remazolam 6 mg group (R6 group). Sufentanil, remazolam, and propofol are used to anesthetize the patients, and then, the effects of different dosages of remazolam on these patients are compared and analyzed. The patient’s general condition, vital signs at different times, the dosage of propofol (mg) and additional times, complications, duration of gastroscopy (minute), awakening time (minute), residence time in the resuscitation room (minute), and adverse reactions were recorded. Results: R3 group systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are more stable (P < .05); The number of additional propofol in R6 group was less (P < .05). The incidence of hypotension was lower in R3 group, as well as the time of awakening and staying in the resuscitation room were shorter (P < .05). Conclusion: Remazolam 3mg combined with sufentanil and propofol have less effect on hemodynamics in painless gastroscopy, and the patients have shorter awakening time.