Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Bouba–Kiki Effect in Persons with Prelingual Auditory Deprivation

ABSTRACT The “bouba–kiki effect” refers to the correspondence between arbitrary visual and auditory stimuli. Previous studies have demonstrated that neurodevelopmental conditions and sensory impairment affect subjects’ performance on the bouba–kiki task. This study examined the bouba–kiki effect in participants with severe-to-profound hearing loss. Sixteen participants with severe- to- profound hearing loss who were habilitated aurally and used oral language for everyday communication and 16 matched hearing peers were presented with the bouba–kiki task auditorily and orthographically. Verbal intelligence (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition) was determined for all participants and was similar in both groups. Our results demonstrate a reduced bouba–kiki effect in participants with severe-to-profound hearing loss compared to their hearing peers, though they performed above chance level. Moreover, the age at the first use of a hearing device was associated with participants’ performance on the bouba–kiki task in adulthood. Better performance was shown in participants who used a hearing device at infancy before 23 months of age. These results support a relationship between early auditory or linguistic deprivation, and performance on the bouba–kiki task, and are discussed in the light of the role of a sensitive period on the development of the effect. This study is the first to show that prelingual deafness affects cross-modal auditory–visual correspondence resulting in reduced sound symbolism.
The efficiency of the educational psychology report: An explorative study, considering views of recipients, including young people, caregivers, education and health.

The role of the Educational Psychologist (EP) is multifaceted and offers a distinctive contribution to those in receipt of their services (Fallon et al.2010). A comprehensive written psychological report is acknowledged to a major role for the EP (Castillo, Curtis, & Gelley, 2012) but there is very little research available to support an EP in producing an effective and interpretive account of the work they have carried out. Very generally, the psychological report aims to (a) increase others’ understanding of children and young people (C/YP), (b) communicate intervention, hypotheses, and advice in such a way that they are understood, appreciated, and implemented, and (c) ultimately support service users in facilitating change. Unfortunately, research indicates that reports are often difficult to read, particularly for non-psychologists. They are likely to include jargon and poorly defined terms, to make vague or inappropriate recommendations, to emphasize numbers rather than explanations, and to be of an inappropriate length (Kamphaus, 1993; Ownby, 1997; Sattler, 2001; Tallent, 1993). They are also likely to be written at a high level of reading difficulty, which is problematic in that they are read by multiple audiences with varied levels of educational background (Harvey, 1997; Weddig, 1984; Whitaker, 1994). This thesis aimed to offer a current and UK based perspective of how EPs and common recipients of the EP report perceive its usefulness. Results showed a much more positive outlook on the report as a whole, in comparison to similar studies carried out in America, Canada and Malta. However, findings demonstrated common frustrations felt by recipients with regard to complex language and content within the reports. Implications for educational psychologists are considered within the thesis alongside future direction for further study.
Uncivil User Comments Increase Users’ Intention to Engage in Corrective Actions and Their Support for Authoritative Restrictive Actions

In an experimental study (n = 213), we vary the incivility of a user comment below a mock news post on the Facebook page of a German news outlet. We investigate determinants of the users’ intention to engage in corrective actions and their support for restrictions by Facebook and law enforcement. We test an integrated model and find that incivility of a comment affects users’ support for restrictive and intention for corrective actions, whereas the presumed influence of the comment does not have an effect. The users’ commitment to free speech decreases and paternalism increases their support for authoritative restrictions.
Adult’s ‘Person Picking an Apple from a Tree’ Drawings: Coherency, Reciprocity, and Attachment Styles

ABSTRACT This study inquired into quantitative narrative aspects of 215 Person Picking an Apple from a Tree (PPAT) drawings of normative young adults. Coherency of drawings was measured by analyzing associations between the drawings’ main factors; additionally, a reciprocity score reflecting reciprocity degrees between the drawn objects, i.e., person, tree, and apples, was calculated. These aspects were examined for their relation to the participant’s attachment styles, measured by the questionnaire Experiences in Close Relationships Scale. Results show that: (a) significant positive and strong associations were found between the three main factors, reflecting a coherent visual script only in the secure attachment group; and (b) a significant main effect for attachment on reciprocity scores was found. Results are discussed in terms of attachment and projected drawings.
Metaphor in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

ii Acknowledgements . iv Publications and presentations arising from this thesis . vi List of Figures . xv List of Tables . xv Glossary of terms and abbreviations . xvi Chapter 1 A Broad Metaphorical Landscape . 1 1.
The Effectiveness of STEM Integrated Handouts to Improve Students Creative Thinking Skills in Biotechnology Material

This study aims to know the effectiveness of STEM integrated handouts to improve students creative thinking skills in biotechnology material. The design used was nonequivalent pre-post control group design. This research was implemented in grade IX of SMPN 25 Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. The subject were 70 students divided into experiment class (N=35) and control class (N=35) with purposive sampling technique. The data collection was done by pretest and posttest for students creative thinking skills and students responses to the STEM integrated handouts. Based on the result, it were obtained that an average N-gain of experiment class was 0,64 greater than average N-gain of control class was 0,40. Both of class in medium category. Average N-gain of fluency was 0,50 and originality was 0,66 with medium category, then average N-gain of flexibility was 0,74 and elaboration was 0,79 with high category. The student responses showed almost all of the students agreed to the implementation of STEM integrated handouts lead to be interested and motivated in biotechnology material.
Development of a Small-Group Teaching Method for Enhancing the Learning of Basic Acupuncture Manipulation Optimized with the Theory of Motor Learning

—This study developed a method for teaching acupuncture manipulation in small groups optimized with the theory of motor learning. Sixty acupuncture students and their teacher participated in our research. Motion videos were recorded of their manipulations using the lifting-thrusting method. These videos were analyzed using Simi Motion software to acquire the movement parameters of the thumb tip. The parameter velocity curves along Y axis was used to generate small teaching groups clustered by a self-organized map (SOM) and K-means. Ten groups were generated. All the targeted instruction based on the comparative results groups as well as the videos of teacher and student was provided to the members of each group respectively. According to the theory and research of motor learning, the factors or technologies such as video instruction, observational learning, external focus and summary feedback were integrated into this teaching method. Such efforts were desired to improve and enhance the effectiveness of current acupuncture teaching methods in limited classroom teaching time and extracurricular training.
Constructed gender discrimination: Reflections on a long and winding road

Fundamentally, it would be expected that men and women are treated equally, also where private matters such as the access to toilets is concerned. Previous research reports on how gender discrimination is embedded in the design of public toilets, resulting in (dis)similar outcomes. This study, however, goes beyond simply comparing the number of toilets available to men and women, and also engages in the different experiences, associated by a male or a female using toilets while travelling for leisure purposes. Data were collected during a 12-day leisure trip departing from Johannesburg, visiting the south of France, and ultimately the city of Moscow. A mix-method of data generation was followed, incorporating quantitative observations of ablution facilities, as well as autoethnographical comments, which formed the qualitative part of the research. Quantitative data were collected from 16 sites. The quantitative data confirm previous findings that, at a numerical level, men have more access to toilet facilites than women. At a perception level, it could be reported, that in general, access to the immediate use of toilets facilities was similar for both men and women, and that in most cases the facilities were perceived to be well kept and hygienic. Specifically, perceptions regarding the facilities differed along gender lines, with men seemingly having less concerns regarding hygiene in the facilities, and women perceiving men to have easier and faster access to the use of toilets. As for access and experiences about toilet facilities, the words of the song “The Long and Winding Road” seem to ring true, as the road always leads you to the same “door”. From these travellers’ experiences, the message is clear. Men and women differ, and serious efforts need to be made by those involved in the travel and tourism industry to accommodate both genders. As discussed later in the article, the solution does not necessary lie in communal ablution facilities. Some suggestions for the improvement of the ablutionrelated travel and tourism experience are offered.
Sustainability in architectural design projects – a semiotic understanding

ABSTRACT The potential of semiotics to theorize and analyze the field of sustainable architecture is still largely unexplored. This paper uses a triadic structure for defining sustainable design signs and distinguishes two separate modes of sustainable design reasoning: namely deductive and abductive sustainable design reasoning. This theoretical framework is used to analyze two architectural projects submitted for an international design competition in Montreal, Canada. The architectural texts, considered in this paper the representamen of the signs, prove to be indicative of the mode of reasoning deployed. The analysis also reveals that the mode of reasoning used dictates the types of signs produced, the role designed-objects have in the signs, as well as the functional possibilities design elements perform in the project. The paper proposes that deductive sustainable design reasoning brings to a halt the process of semiosis – presenting a status-quo approach – and that abductive sustainable design reasoning allows semiosis ad infinitum – presenting a future driven outlook. Additionally, a gap appeared between the open form of critical judgement proposed for competitions and the conceptual fixation inherit in deductive sustainable design reasoning. This paper presents a theoretical contribution that provides new possibilities for researchers to model and analyze sustainability in design projects.
Knowledge about safety practices in workshop among student in industrial training institute

The aim of this paper is to look into the safety practices in the workshop among students at the Industrial Training Institute(ITI) in term of knowledge aspect. This study was conducted using questionnaire for quantitative and interview for qualitative approaches. The study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to respondents consisting of 176 students from two selected ITI. An interview session also been conducted with four instructor form four selected workshop. The data from questionnaire were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Software version 21.0. Analysis is translated into mean, frequency and percentage. Findings show that knowledge about safety practices in workshop among student in ITI is very high. Hopefully with the information obtained from the study findings, appropriate measures and approaches can be identified to ensure that safety practices in the workshops are constantly enhanced.
SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION

In terms of effectiveness, organizations need to consider the concept of spiritual leadership in order to increase employee performance, which in turn, lead to organizational performance. This study aims to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership on employee performance. Data from162 employees of public universities in Southeast Sulawesi are analyzed using structural equation modeling. The result shows that spiritual leadership has a significant effect on employee performance. Overall, the finding of this study indicates that spiritual leadership improves employee performance to realize the organizational competitive advantage. Keyword: Spiritual leadership, employee performance.
Treating knee osteoarthritis with dialectical acupoint selection and electro-acupuncture: a randomized controlled study

[Objective] To discuss the effective method in acupuncture therapy on knee osteoarthritis. [Methods] The 210 patients were randomly divided into electro-acupuncture group, acupuncture group, acupuncture group plus Western medicine(WM) group with 70 cas-es in each group. The WM group was treated with oral administration of Glucosamine Hydrochloride capsules;the needle group was treated with dialectical acupoint selection;electroacupuncture group with dialectical acupoint selection based on a low frequency pulse current. Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC) and Chinese version of SF-16 were used to assess the therapeutic effect before treatment,4 and 9 weeks after treatment. [Results] Four weeks after treatment the total effective rate was 91.4%in the electro acupuncture group,85.3% in the needle group,81.4% in the WM group without significant difference(P0.05) among the three groups. At 9 weeks after treatment,the total effective rate( 87.1%) in the electro acupuncture group was better than that in the nee-dle group(77.9%) and in the WM group(58.6%),P0.05. There were no significant differences in comparison of WOMAC and SF-16scores 4 weeks after treatment among three groups. Nine weeks after treatment these patients were followed up and found that the electro needle group in improving these scores was superior than the needle group and WM group(P0.05). [Conclusion] The therapeutic effect in the early atage of electro acupuncture combined with differentiated acupoint acupuncture in treating knee osteoarthritis is similar to acupuncture group and the WM group, while the long-term efficacy of the electro-acupuncture group is much better than the acupuncture group and WM group.
Determinants of Self-Efficacy among Individuals Who Are Hard-of-Hearing

Self-efficacy plays an important role in their lives of the estimated 48 million Americans who report having some degree of hearing impairment, helping them navigate through a myriad of communication challenges. The purpose of the present study was to assess the levels of self-efficacy in this disability group by examining an array of social, psychological, spiritual, disability, and demographic variables. A total of 114 persons who identified as hard-of-hearing took part in an online survey. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to answer the research question. The proposed regression model explained 24.7% of variance in self-efficacy among individuals who are hard-of-hearing. Specifically, educational attainment, internal locus of control, spirituality/religiosity, social support, and employment status are the five significant predictors of self-efficacy. Finally, implications for rehabilitation practice and research are discussed.
“Be Realistic. Hope for a Miracle”: On the Coexistence of Grief and Optimism Among Caregivers of Patients With Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness

This cross-sectional study explored caregivers’ views on patient prognosis, alongside dispositional optimism and grief in prolonged disorders of consciousness. Participants were 64 primary family caregivers (aged 34–80 years) of patients diagnosed with either persistent vegetative state or minimal conscious state, all hospitalized in a long-term medical–rehabilitative institute. Caregivers’ views on prognosis were derived from questions designed to assess belief in improvement (Question 1) and medical prospect 5 years forward (Question 2). Grief was assessed using selected scales from the Two-Track Bereavement Questionnaire and dispositional optimism by the Life Orientation Test-Revised. While caregivers’ optimism was significantly higher than the normative population, their grief levels resembled death. Classification based on belief in improvement (Question 1) indicated that despite an equivalent time since injury, caregivers conveying a positive prognosis exhibited intensified grief and were more optimistic, religious, and patient-oriented, relative to those conveying a negative prognosis. Our findings point to caregivers’ utilization of optimism and highlight the importance of seeing hope as a dynamic process in such continuous medical states of uncertainty. Thus, clinical interventions should be attuned to the role dispositional versus unrealistic optimism plays in caregivers’ hope-related goal setting, while working through mitigating their grief.
Premature ejaculation among patients with genital warts: a pilot study

Abstract Objective To assess the frequency of premature ejaculation (PE) in patients with genital warts (GWs) and to hypothesize the potential relation between GWs and PE. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a pilot prospective cross-sectional clinical study. It was done on 56 male patients with GWs and 50 male healthy control subjects. All included patients and controls were assessed by intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT), Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), sexual satisfaction and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: According to PEDT, 37 (66.07%) patients with GWs diagnosed with PE and 19 (33.92%) patients with GWs had no PE. This study showed that the means of BAI and PEDT total scores were statistically significant higher in patients with GWs and PE than patients with GWs and no PE, and healthy control subjects (P value =0.001). There was a positive correlation between PEDT total scores and BAI total scores in patients with GWs and PE (P value = 0.001). Conclusion: This study concluded that PE is a frequent male sexual dysfunction among male patients with GWs. Patients with PE and GWs have high rates of anxiety and psychological stress.
Associations of physical and sexual violence victimisation, homelessness, and perceptions of safety with suicidality in a community sample of transgender individuals

ABSTRACT Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals experience hardship and mistreatment. These experiences may contribute to mental health disparities faced by this community, including suicidality. The present study examined the associations between physical- and sexual-violence victimisation, homelessness, perception of safety, and suicidality among TGNC participants (N= 70) in an LGBTQ health needs assessment of the Central Savannah River Area. Half of the participants endorsed a history of sexual violence victimisation and 41.4% endorsed a history of partner physical violence. Just under one-third (30.3%) of the sample endorsed a history of homelessness. Over half of the sample (52.9%) endorsed a suicidal ideation history, while over one-third (37.1%) of the sample endorsed a suicide attempt history. Sexual violence victimisation was significantly correlated with suicidal ideation and attempt history. Hierarchical regression models including sexual violence victimisation, homelessness, and perception of safety significantly predicted histories of both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts; however, perception of safety was the only significant independent stressor in the models with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt as outcome variables. TGNC suicidality is a complex problem with multiple risk factors. Interventions that adopt an approach that helps to address intra- and interpersonal, social, familial, and community factors may be useful.
Liver and Metabolic Diseases

Abstract Chronic liver diseases and metabolic disorders represent two real public health problems that cause increased morbidity and mortality in a significant number of people worldwide. The most common cause of chronic liver disease is represented by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic inflammation is a critical event in the progression of NAFLD and excess adiposity, through the hormones and cytokines secreted by the adipose tissue, plays an important role. There is ample evidence supporting a significant association between chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and metabolic disorders. CHC may be considered not just a viral disease, but also a metabolic type condition. Multiple pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed to explain the interaction between hepatitis C virus and impairment of glucose and lipid metabolism and diabetes. The relationship between hepatitis B infection (HBV) and metabolic diseases remains uncertain.
The Relation between Inequality and Intergenerational Class Mobility in 39 Countries

We study the relationship between inter-class inequality and intergenerational class mobility across 39 countries. Previous research on the relationship between economic inequality and class mobility remains inconclusive, as studies have confounded intra- with between-class economic inequalities. We propose that between-class inequality across multiple dimensions accounts for the inverse relationship between inequality and mobility: the larger the resource distance between classes, the less likely it is that mobility from one to the other will occur. We consider inequality in terms of between-class differences in three areas—education, wages, and income—and in a composite measure. Building on sociological mobility theory, we argue that cross-country variation in mobility results, in part, from families adapting to different levels of between-class inequality. Consistent with this hypothesis, we find a negative correlation between inter-class inequality and social fluidity, with between-class inequality being a better predictor of mobility chances than conventional distributional measures. We also find that the resource distance between classes is negatively related to the strength of their intergenerational association for some off-diagonal origin and destination (OD) class combinations.
Portrayals of Immigrants and Refugees in U.S. News Media: Visual Framing and its Effect on Emotions and Attitudes

This research explores the effects of visual representations of immigrants and refugees in U.S. news outlets. Study 1 examined news photographs about immigrants and refugees that were shared on Twitter by regional news outlets in all 50 states. Most photos contained either a human interest frame, featuring immigrants and refugees as everyday people, or a political frame, showcasing politicians. Study 2’s experiment determined the effects of these visuals on participants’ emotions and, in turn, their attitudes toward immigrants and refugees. The political frame increased negative emotions, leading to negative attitudes. The human interest frame increased positive emotions, enhancing positive attitudes.