Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First skeletal microfauna from the Cambrian Series 3 of the Jordan Rift Valley (Middle East)

For the first time, a Cambrian microfauna is reported from the Jordan Rift Valley. The fauna comes from low-latitude carbonates of the Numayri Member (Burj Formation, Jordan) and to a lesser degree the equivalent Nimra Member (Timna Formation, Israel). Co-occuring with trilobite, brachiopod and hyolith macrofossils, the microfauna is represented mostly by disarticulated poriferid (mostly hexactinellids) and echinoderm remains (eocrinoids and edrioasteroids). Among the hexactinellids, Rigbyella sp. , many isolated triactins and tetractins, as well as a few pentactins and rare hexactins occur. Additional poriferid spicules come from heteractinids (Eiffelia araniformis [Missarzhevsky, 1981]) and polyactinellids (? Praephobetractinia). Chancelloriids (Archiasterella cf. hirundo Bengtson, 1990, Allonnia sp., Chancelloria sp., ? Ginospina sp.) are a rather rare faunal element. Micromolluscs are represented mainly by an indeterminable helcionellid. The probable octocoral spicule Microcoryne cephalata (Bengtson, 1990), torellellid and hyolithellid hyolithelminths, and a bradoriid arthropod occur as very few or single specimens. The same is the case with a probable siphogonuchitid. The occurrence of a cornulitid related microfossil may extend the stratigraphic range of this fossil group significantly. The rather low-diversity microfauna is overwhelmingly dominated by sessile epibenthic biota. The preferred feeding habit seems to have been suspension feeding and minor deposit feeding. The microfauna from the Jordan Rift Valley is typical for low-latitude carbonate environments of Cambrian Series 3 age that corresponds to the traditional late early to middle Cambrian. Some taxa indicate a closer relation to the equatorial Gondwanan Iran and Australia. Some connection to the European shelf of Perigondwana may also have existed.
con-A reduction in errors is associated with prospectively recording them Clinical article

Object. Error recording and monitoring is an important component of error prevention and quality assurance in the health sector given the huge impact of medical errors on the well-being of patients and the financial loss incurred by health institutions. With this in mind, assessing the effect of reporting errors should be a cause worth pursuing. The object in this study was to examine the null hypothesis that recording and publishing errors do not affect error patterns in a clinical practice. Methods. Intraoperative errors and their characteristics were prospectively recorded between May 2000 and May 2013 in the neurosurgical practice of the senior author (M.B.). The error pattern observed between May 2000 and August 2006, which has been previously described (Group A), was compared with the error pattern observed between September 2006 and May 2013 (Group B). Results. A total of 1108 cases in Group A and 974 cases in Group B were surgically treated. A total of 2684 errors were recorded in Group A, while 1892 errors were recorded in Group B. The ratios of cranial to spinal procedures performed in Groups A and B were 3:1 and 10:1, respectively, while the ratios of general to local anesthesia in the two groups were 2:1 and 1.3:1, respectively (p < 0.0001 for both). There was a significantly decreased proportion of cases with error (87% to 83%, p < 0.006), mean errors per case (2.4 to 1.9, p < 0.0001), proportion of error-related complications (16.7% to 5.5%, p < 0.002), and clinical impacts of error (2.7% to 1.0%, p < 0.0001) in Group B compared with Group A. Errors in Group B tended to be more preventable than those in Group A (85.8% vs 78.5%, p < 0.0001). A significant reduction was also noticed with most types of error. A descending trend in the mean errors per case was demonstrated from the years 2001 to 2012; however, an increased severity of errors (22.6% to 29.5%, p < 0.0001) was recorded in Group B compared with Group A. Conclusions. Data in this study showed that the act of recording errors might alter behaviors, resulting in fewer errors. (http
A High Throughput Lipidomics Method Using Scheduled Multiple Reaction Monitoring

Lipid compositions of cells, tissues, and bio-fluids are complex, with varying concentrations and structural diversity making their identification challenging. Newer methods for comprehensive analysis of lipids are thus necessary. Herein, we propose a targeted-mass spectrometry based lipidomics screening method using a combination of variable retention time window and relative dwell time weightage. Using this method, we identified more than 1000 lipid species within 24-min. The limit of detection varied from the femtomolar to the nanomolar range. About 883 lipid species were detected with a coefficient of variance <30%. We used this method to identify plasma lipids altered due to vitamin B12 deficiency and found a total of 18 lipid species to be altered. Some of the lipid species with ω-6 fatty acid chains were found to be significantly increased while ω-3 decreased in vitamin B12 deficient samples. This method enables rapid screening of a large number of lipid species in a single experiment and would substantially advance our understanding of the role of lipids in biological processes.
A proposed conceptual framework of the effect of sport domain involvement and team attachment on the effectiveness of sport sponsorship

Corporate engagement in sport sponsorships, and companies' expenditures assigned to these sponsorships have boosted. Corporations seek new means to gain more reach, to leverage their image and to increase their purchase intentions. Literature regarding the assessment of the effectiveness of the sponsorship has been limited. Furthermore, few studies have tackled all main the expected outcomes of the sponsorship and the relationships among these factors. Moreover, literature investigating the effect of sport involvement and team attachment on these various factors has been limited. Literature in the sports marketing domain is relatively limited in Egypt. Few Egyptian studies have attempted to tackle the nature and relationships in the field of sponsorships. Furthermore, few studies have examined the effectiveness of sport sponsorship in Egypt. This working paper attempts to extend the sports and sponsorship knowledge through examining the previous literature and concluding a model. This model represents the effect of domain involvement on team attachment, the direct and indirect effect of both domain involvement and team attachment on factors pertaining to the effectiveness of sport sponsorship, sponsorship awareness, corporate image and purchase intention, and the relationship among these factors.
Deep Dive into Global Hydrologic Simulations: Harnessing the Power of Deep Learning and Physics-informed Differentiable Models ( δ HBV-globe1.0-hydroDL)

Accurate hydrological modeling is vital to characterizing how the terrestrial water cycle responds to climate change. Pure deep learning (DL) models have shown to outperform process-based ones while remaining difficult to interpret. More recently, differentiable, physics-informed machine learning models with a physical backbone can systematically integrate physical equations and DL, predicting untrained variables and processes with high performance. However, it was 20 unclear if such models are competitive for global-scale applications with a simple backbone. Therefore, we use - for the first time at this scale - differentiable hydrologic models (fullname δ HBV-globe1.0-hydroDL and shorthanded δ HBV) to simulate the rainfall-runoff processes for 3753 basins around the world. Moreover, we compare the δ HBV models to a purely data-driven long short-term memory (LSTM) model to examine their strengths and limitations. Both LSTM and the δ HBV models provide competent daily hydrologic simulation capabilities in global basins, with median Kling-Gupta efficiency 25 values close to or higher than 0.7 (and 0.78 with LSTM for a subset of 1675 basins with long-term records), significantly outperforming traditional models. Moreover, regionalized differentiable models demonstrated stronger spatial generalization ability (median KGE 0.64) than a traditional parameter regionalization approach (median KGE 0.46) and even LSTM for ungauged region tests in Europe and South America. Nevertheless, relative to LSTM, the differentiable model was hampered by structural deficiencies for cold or polar regions, and highly arid regions, and basins with significant human impacts. This 30 study also sets the benchmark for hydrologic estimates around the world and builds foundations for improving global hydrologic simulations.
PSEUDOCONVEX CLASSES OF FUNCTIONS. Ill CHARACTERIZATION OF DUAL PSEUDOCONVEX CLASSES ON COMPLEX HOMOGENEOUS SPACES

Invariant classes of functions on complex homogeneous spaces, with properties similar to those of the class of plurisubharmonic functions, are studied. The main tool is a regularization method for these classes, and the main theorem characterizes dual classes of functions (where duality is defined in terms of the local maximum property). These results are crucial in proving a duality theorem for complex interpolation of normed spaces, which is given elsewhere.
Field Investigation into Wave Attenuation in the Mangrove Environment of the South China Sea Coast

ABSTRACT Cao, H. ; Chen, Y. ; Tian, Y. , and Feng, W. , 2016. Field investigation into wave attenuation in the mangrove environment of the South China Sea coast. Coastal mangroves form the land-sea interface and face an increasingly aggressive threat from ocean waves as a result of sea-level rise. This study investigates the buffering effect of mangroves on the coast of Leizhou Bay in the South China Sea under two different climates (normal windy weather and storm). By doing this, we aim to establish the exact wave damping rate due to the presence of mangroves and to study the wave and spectral characteristics of wave energy in the vegetated area. Wave gauges are mounted along a cross-shore transect to monitor the wave conditions during particular time periods. From the data analysis, we found that the recorded maximum significant wave height is 22.3 cm at the outermost station and remarkable wave damping was experienced within the mangrove troops of 100 meters. To evaluate the wave dissipation on the mudflat, an empirical expression is proposed on the basis of the field data. In this way, the net vegetation-induced wave dissipation is quantified separately. The spectral analysis of wave energy shows the modalities of frequency-dependent wave energy dissipation under different weather conditions. From the results, we conclude that the wave height was strictly subjected to the concurrent water depth even under the storm condition. The relative water depth (to the wave height) determined wave generation or dissipation on the mudflat. Despite the existence of dissipation by the mudflat, wave energy was majorly attenuated by the mangrove system. The wind growth of wave energy is of great significance when studying the spectral characteristics of wave energy during storm conditions.
University of Birmingham BMP4/Smad1 Signalling Promotes Spinal Dorsal Column Axon Regeneration and Functional Recovery After Injury

Signalling through the BMP4/Smad1 pathway promotes corticospinal tract axon regeneration and functional recovery in mice. However, unlike humans and rats, mice do not cavitate. Here, we investigated if activation of the BMP4/Smad1 pathway promotes axon regeneration and functional recovery in a rat model that cavitates. We show that dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGN) in injury models, including the non-regenerating dorsal column (DC) and the regenerating sciatic nerve (SN) crush and preconditioning (p) SN + DC (pSN + DC) paradigms, regulate the BMP4/Smad1 signalling pathway. For example, mRNA expression of positive regulators of the BMP4/Smad1 pathway was highly up-regulated whilst negative regulators were significantly down-regulated in DRGN in the regenerating SN and pSN + DC models compared to non-regenerating DC models, matched by concomitant changes in protein expression detected in DRGN by immunohistochemistry. BMP4 peptide promoted significant DRGN survival and disinhibited neurite outgrowth in vitro, whilst AAV-BMP4 delivery in vivo stimulated DC axon regeneration and functional recovery in a model that cavitates. Our results show that activation of the BMP4/Smad1 pathway is a potential therapeutic target in the search for axon regenerative signalling pathways in the CNS.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Asking Clarifying Questions

Modern information-seeking systems are becoming more interactive, mainly through asking Clarifying Questions (CQs) to refine users’ information needs. System-generated CQs may be of different qualities. However, the impact of asking multiple CQs of different qualities in a search session remains underexplored. Given the multi-turn nature of conversational information-seeking sessions, it is critical to understand and measure the impact of CQs of different qualities, when they are posed in various orders. In this paper, we conduct a user study on CQ quality trajectories, i.e., asking CQs of different qualities in chronological order. We aim to investigate to what extent the trajectory of CQs of different qualities affects user search behavior and satisfaction, on both query-level and session-level. Our user study is conducted with 89 participants as search engine users. Participants are asked to complete a set of Web search tasks. We find that the trajectory of CQs does affect the way users interact with Search Engine Result Pages (SERPs), e.g., a preceding high-quality CQ prompts the depth users to interact with SERPs, while a preceding low-quality CQ prevents such interaction. Our study also demonstrates that asking follow-up high-quality CQs improves the low search performance and user satisfaction caused by earlier low-quality CQs. In addition, only showing high-quality CQs while hiding other CQs receives better gains with less effort. That is, always showing all CQs may be risky and low-quality CQs do disturb users. Based on observations from our user study, we further propose a transformer-based model to predict which CQs to ask, to avoid disturbing users. In short, our study provides insights into the effects of trajectory of asking CQs, and our results will be helpful in designing more effective and enjoyable search clarification systems.
Short Period Spectral Acceleration Zonation of Tehran a Comparison between Slip and Activity Rates Data’s

This study presents seismic hazard analysis and provides spectral iso acceleration maps based on slip rate (SR) and also activity rate (AR) of the faults. Nowadays modern seismic design of structures is complicated so special attention to the nature of the seismicity in active seismic zones like Tehran is required. Many studies, based on seismic hazard analysis have been done in Tehran. However, none of these studies provided comparison between SR, AR and spectral seismic zonation. In order to reduce the loss of life and property in metropolitan Tehran such studies are undeniable. The process of this study is identification of seismic sources, estimation of seismic parameters and interpretation the results of paleoseismology. Seismic hazard assessment for grid points has been done based on seismic sources and the determination of shear wave velocity. Based on these studies, the shear wave velocity for the upper 30 m has been prepared as a basic parameter for seismic hazard analysis. In addition, iso acceleration spectral maps were prepared based on the SR and AR, for 475 years return period. Referring to paleoseismology studies, it is apparent that some faults in South and South East of Tehran should be considered as an ancient coast line; therefore, they were excluded from the seismic studies. As a result, acceleration in South East Tehran has dramatically declined. In a general comparison, it can be stated that the acceleration based on data from the SR is higher than the AR for the period of 0.4 seconds. The results are equal, in period of 0.4 s and after that the acceleration based on AR is higher than SR.
DISTRIBUTION, VARIATION, AND TAXONOMY OF TOPAZA HUMMINGBIRDS (AVES: TROCHILIDAE)

We review the distribution, variation, and taxonomy of the Crimson Topaz (Topaza pella) and the Fiery Topaz (Topaza pyra). Both taxa show sexual dimorphism of foot color and notable age-related varia- tion in plumage. Topaza pyra shows distinct and reliable differences from T. pella and warrants specific sta- tus. We describe a new subspecies, T. pyra amaruni, and delineate diagnostic features for T. pella pella, T. pella smaragdula, and T. pella microrhyncha. Topaza pella pamprepta is based on specimens with incorrect locality data and should be regarded as a synonym of T. p. smaragdula. We note recent range extensions for both species. Our findings serve, we hope, to illuminate directions for further research on these hummingbirds. Accepted 10 June 1999. Resumen. Revisamos la distribucion, la variacion, y la taxonomia del Topacio Carmesi (Topaza pella) y del Topacio Fuego (Topaza pyra ). Los dos taxa demuestran dimorfismo sexual en el color del pie y notable variacion en el plumaje con relacion a la edad. Topaza pyra se distingue claramente de T. pella y merece la categoria de especie. Describimos una nueva subespecie, T. pyra amaruni, y presentamos los elementos dia- gnosticos para T. pella pella, T. pella smaragdula, y T. pella microrhyncha. Topaza pella pamprepta fue descrita en base a especimenes con localidades incorrectas y debe ser considerada como un sinonimo de T. p. sma- ragdula. Observamos extensiones recientes en la distribucion de las dos especies. Esperamos que nuestros hallazgos sirvan para guiar investigaciones en estos colibries.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) L-DOPA improves extinction memory retrieval after successful fear extinction

Rationale A promising strategy to prevent a return of fear after exposure-based therapy in anxiety disorders is to pharmacologically enhance the extinction memory consolidation presumed to occur after exposure. Accumulating evidence suggests that the effect of a number of pharmacological consolidation enhancers depends on a successful fear reduction during exposure. Here, we employed the dopamine precursor L-DOPA to clarify whether its documented potential to enhance extinction memory consolidation is dependent on successful fear extinction. Methods In two double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled experiments (experiment 1: N = 79, experiment 2: N = 32) comprising fear conditioning (day 1), extinction followed by administration of 150 mg L-DOPA or placebo (day 2) and a memory test (day 3) in healthy male adults, conditioned responses were assessed as differential skin conductance responses. We tested whether the effect of L-DOPA on conditioned responses at test depended on conditioned responses at the end of extinction in an experiment with a short (10 trials, experiment 1) and long (25 trials, experiment 2) extinction session. Results In both experiments, the effect of L-DOPAwas dependent on conditioned responses at the end of extinction. That is, post-extinction L-DOPA compared to placebo administration reduced conditioned responses at test only in participants showing a complete reduction of conditioned fear at the end of extinction. Conclusion The results support the potential use of L-DOPA as a pharmacological adjunct to exposure treatment, but point towards a common boundary condition for pharmacological consolidation enhancers: a successful reduction of fear in the exposure session.
IMPACT OF CONTENT MARKETING, BRAND IMAGE, AND SOCIAL MEDIA ON BUYING BEHAVIOR

: This research aims to investigate the influence of content marketing, brand image, and social media on purchase intention and purchase decision for Sambal Ning Niniek, a small and medium-sized enterprise (SME). A quantitative research method was employed, with three independent variables, namely content marketing, brand image, and social media, and two dependent variables, namely purchase intention and purchase decision. A total of 216 respondents were included in the study. The analysis involved both outer model and inner model assessments. The results revealed that content marketing did not have a significant positive impact on purchase intention. However, brand image and social media demonstrated a positive and significant impact on purchase intention for sambal Ning Niniek. Furthermore, purchase intention was found to have a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions at Sambal Ning Niniek. Regarding the influence on purchasing decisions, content marketing, and brand image were identified as significant and positive factors for Sambal Ning Niniek. However, social media did not exhibit a significant positive impact on purchasing decisions.
Identi�cation of saquinavir as a potent inhibitor of dimeric SARS-CoV2 main protease through MM/GBSA

Among targets selected for studies aimed to identify potential inhibitors against COVID-19, SARS-CoV2 main proteinase (M pro ) is highlighted. M pro is indispensable for virus replication, and is a promising target of potential inhibitors of COVID-19. Recently, monomeric SARS-CoV2 M pro , drug repurposing and docking methods have facilitated the identi�cation of several potential inhibitors. Results were re�ned through the assessment of dimeric SARS-CoV2 M pro , which represents the functional state of enzyme. Docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) studies indicated that dimeric M pro most signi�cantly impacts binding a�nity tendency compared with the monomeric state, which suggesting that dimeric state is most useful when performing studies aimed to identify drugs targeting M pro . In this study, we extend previous research by performing docking and MD simulation studies coupled with an MM/GBSA approach to assess binding of dimeric SARS-CoV2 M pro to 12 FDA-approved drugs (darunavir, indinavir, saquinavir, tipranavir, diosmin, hesperidin, rutin, raltegravir, velpatasvir, ledipasvir, rosuvastatin and bortezomib), which were identi�ed as the best candidates for treatment of COVID-19 in some previous dockings studies involving monomeric SARS-CoV2 M pro . This analysis identi�ed saquinavir as a potent inhibitor of dimeric SARS-CoV2 M pro , therefore, the compound may have clinical utility against COVID-19.
Late Quaternary Permafrost Distributions Downscaled for South America: Examinations of GCM‐based Maps with Observations

High‐resolution maps of potential frozen ground distribution in South America have been produced for the present day (0 ka) and the Last Glacial Maximum (21 ka). Surface air temperature outputs from global climate models (GCMs) of the recent Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project were used for the reconstructions, and then downscaled from regional to local scales, with the help of a 1 arc‐minute digital elevation model. Their validity was examined using fieldwork‐based evidence and knowledge. The downscaled map for the present day successfully reproduces the presence of permafrost in the Andes, a task at which original coarse‐resolution GCM output maps failed. The map also shows close correspondence with instrumental observations. Similarly, the downscaled distribution of 21 ka frozen ground shows overall consistency with geomorphological and/or palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Areal coverage of potential permafrost for all of South America is estimated at 139 000 km2 for today and 435 000 km2 for 21 ka, mostly along the Andean mountain ranges. Regional inspections, however, show divergence from field‐observed features, attributed to microclimatic effects and past permafrost conditions. For southern Patagonia, and especially the eastern lowlands, the diagnosed lower limit for permafrost is about 1000 m asl, whereas field evidence at lower altitudes indicates the presence of either permafrost or deep seasonal frost. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.