Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caracterización preliminar del cultivo de arracacha Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft en el departamento de Boyacá

Los estudios realizados en torno a la diversidad genetica de la arracacha en Colombia y en el departamento de Boyaca son escasos. En los municipios productores del departamento de Boyaca, se realizo la identificacion preliminar de los materiales geneticos existentes, se visitaron fincas de productores, con el objetivo de documentar sus saberes en torno a la especie y otros aspectos del sistema productivo. La metodologia empleada es de tipo cualitativo - descriptivo, basada en criterios no metricos de recoleccion de datos, dependiendo de las caracteristicas de la investigacion y del criterio del investigador. Se recolectaron muestras de material vegetal, en el cual se observaron los siguientes caracteres: color del follaje, color del tallo, color y presencia del anillo en la raiz. Se pudo determinar que los tres colores predominantes del follaje identificados corresponden a: verde, verde-violaceo y morado. En el tallo se observo: verde y morado-rojizo. La raiz presento coloracion blanca o amarilla, con vasos de aceite de colores blancos o morados. Se pudo determinar la existencia de seis materiales geneticos denominados Yema de Huevo, Paliverde, Palirrusia, Palinegra, Sata y Sata morada.
Lithosphere thickness and mantle viscosity inverted from GPS-derived deformation rates in Fennoscandia

SUMMARY Crustal deformation in Fennoscandia is associated with the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) process that is caused by ongoing stress release of the mantle after removal of the Late Pleistocene ice sheet by ∼10 cal ka BP. With an earth model of defined structure and rheology and an ice-sheet model of known melting history, the GIA process can be simulated by geophysical models, and the surface deformation rates can be calculated and used to compare with global positioning system (GPS) observations. Therefore, the crustal deformation rates observed by GPS in Fennoscandia provide constraints on the geophysical models. On the basis of two ice sheet models (ANU-ICE and ICE-5G) reconstructed independently by the Australian National University (ANU) and University of Toronto, we use the GPS-derived deformation rates to invert for lithosphere thickness and mantle viscosity in Fennoscandia. The results show that only a three-layer earth model can be resolved from current GPS data, providing robust estimates of effective lithosphere thickness, upper and lower mantle viscosity. The earth models estimated from inversion of GPS data with two different ice sheet models define a narrow range of parameter space: the lithosphere thickness between 93 and 110 km, upper mantle viscosity between 3.4 and 5.0 × 1020 Pa s, and lower mantle viscosity between 7 × 1021 and 13 × 1021 Pa s. The estimates are consistent with those inverted from relative sea-level indicators.
Towards Complete and Accurate Reporting of Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy: The STARD Initiative

Abstract Objective – To improve the accuracy and completeness of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy, to allow readers to assess the potential for bias in the study and to evaluate its generalisability. Methods – The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) steering committee searched the literature to identify publications on the appropriate conduct and reporting of diagnostic studies and extracted potential items into an extensive list. Researchers, editors, and members of professional organisations shortened this list during a two-day consensus meeting with the goal of developing a checklist and a generic flow diagram for studies of diagnostic accuracy. Results – The search for published guidelines regarding diagnostic research yielded 33 previously published checklists, from which we extracted a list of 75 potential items. At the consensus meeting, participants shortened the list to 25 items, using evidence on bias whenever available. A prototypical flow diagram provides information about the method of patient recruitment, the order of test execution and the numbers of patients undergoing the test under evaluation, the reference standard or both. Conclusions – Evaluation of research depends on complete and accurate reporting. If medical journals adopt the checklist and the flow diagram, the quality of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy should improve to the advantage of clinicians, researchers, reviewers, journals, and the public.
Modelling of sediment dynamics in the Dithmarschen Bight, German North Sea Coast

The main concern throughout this thesis is the development of a numerical sediment transport model for an area in the German North Sea coast exhibiting a complex-bathymetry which is subject to a prevailing semi-diurnal tidal forcing (mean tidal range of about 3.2m) in the tidal channels and a combined wave-current influence on the shallower tidal flats and sand banks. The construction of the sediment model evolved from an initial condition based on the formulae for the sediment dynamics of non-cohesive particles in which sediment and morphological input parameters were set constant in space and time. Subsequently, in order to improve the performance of this model a combined analysis of cohesive and non-cohesive sediment dynamics is carried out. The improved sediment model is further enriched by means of spatial and temporal refinement of relevant input parameters, namely: a) Spatial distribution of grain sizes. A functional relationship between grain sizes, orbital velocities and relative wave height is proposed and successfully validated in the study area by means of comparisons between predicted and observed grain sizes. b) Spatial and temporal variation of bedforms and equivalent roughness sizes. An existent methodology extensively used and validated for uniform, steady flows [Van Rijn, 1993] is adapted for unsteady tidal flows. Measurements of bedform heights and lengths along the main tidal channels of the study area corroborate the validity of this approach. c) Sediment availability. Areas in the deepest parts of the tidal channels, where layers of highly consolidated materials have outcropped, are included into the model through the reduction of the sediment supply at the bed-flow interface. d) Seasonal variation of cohesive sediment properties. The non-stationary character of the driving gravitational force affects the temporal behavior of several parameters through the neap-spring cycle. Interpolation and extrapolation techniques based on two well calibrated conditions at neap and spring stages are used to define some parameters such as: critical shear stress(erosion-deposition), settling velocity, fraction of cohesive content and erosion rate coefficient at any flow stage under calm weather conditions. The final sediment transport model including all aspects mentioned above, rendered an overall improvement in the model performance of about 50%. Comparisons between predicted and observed suspended sediment concentrations for five independent datasets at different stages in the neap-spring cycle resulted in RMAE values ranging from 0.42 to 0.53. The difficulty in measuring suspended concentrations in the field as stated by several authors, underlines the accuracy of the results obtained through this sediment transport model.
Yield and Cropping Patterns of the Carnation (Dianthus Carophyllus L.) With Respect to Plant Density and Planting Date

SummaryIn a first experiment rooted cuttings of cv White Sim were planted in mid April, May, June and July at seven densities from 12.9 to 103.3 plants m-2. Total yields and quality were recorded for two years from each planting date. Although plant density did not affect the number of primary shoots from each plant, the start of flowering and the rate at which these shoots produced flowers were significantly delayed at high plant densities. These effects were greatest in the July planting. Total yields showed an asymptotic relationship with plant density. In the first year yields at the low density ranged from 47% to 73% of the asymptotic values, and at high density from 75% to 92% of the asymptotes. In the second year the May planting gave a constant yield per unit area at all densities, whereas in the July planting yields continued to be related to plant density. In the first cropping year asymptotic relationships were also found between yields in the three quality grades and plant density. Although th.
Nd-isotope and geochemistry of an early Palaeoproterozoic high-Si high-Mg boninite–norite suite of rocks in the southern Bastar craton, central India: petrogenesis and tectonic significance

ABSTRACT Nd-isotope and lithogeochemistry of an early Palaeoproterozoic high-Si high-Mg boninite–norite (BN) suite of rocks from the southern Bastar craton, central India, are presented to understand their nature, origin, and tectonic setting of emplacement. Various types of evidence, such as field relationships, radiometric metamorphic ages, and the global distribution of BN magmatism, suggest emplacement in an intracratonic rift setting, commonly around 2.4–2.5 Ga. On the basis of geochemistry these high-Si high-Mg rocks are classified as high-Ca boninites, high-Mg norites, and high-Mg diorites. Nd-isotope data indicate that the high-Mg norite and the high-Mg diorite samples are similar, whereas the high-Ca boninites have a different isotopic character. The high-Mg norite and the high-Mg diorite samples have younger TDM model ages than the high-Ca boninites. Geochemical and Nd-isotopic characteristics of the studied rocks indicate some prospect of crustal contamination; however, the possibility of mantle metasomatism during ancient subduction event cannot be ignored. Trace-element modelling suggests that the high-Ca boninites may have crystallized from a magma generated by a comparatively greater percentage of melting of a lherzolite mantle source than the source for the other two varieties. Furthermore, the high-Ca boninite rocks are most likely derived from an Archaean subduction process (the Whundo-type), whereas the other two types are the products of the interaction of subduction-modified refractory mantle wedge and a plume, around the Neoarchaean–Palaeoproterozoic boundary. The emplacement of the high-Mg norites and the high-Mg diorites may be linked to crustal thickening and associated cratonization at the end of the Archaean.
Effect of permeability on the cyclic generation and dissipation of pore pressures in saturated gravel layers

A dramatic consequence of the Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquakes of 2010 and 2011 was the widespread liquefaction in the city. Part of the central business district (CBD) was badly affected by liquefaction but elsewhere large volumes of ejecta were not evident for those parts of the CBD where the upper layers in the soil profile are sandy gravel and gravelly sand. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the effect of the gravel permeability on the rise and dissipation of excess pore water pressure during cyclic loading of a soil profile idealised from Christchurch data. The Cyclic1D software, which performs one-dimensional non-linear effective stress site response analysis, was used. Permeability values associated with gravel were found to suppress the cyclic accumulation of excess pore water pressure in gravel layers. Given that there has not been any systematic measurement of the in situ permeability of the gravels in Christchurch, the modelling in the paper suggests that likely values for the bu.
Morphological and Morphometric Study of the Mental Foramen on the M-CP-18 Jiachenjiang Point Estudio Morfológico y Morfométrico del Foramen Mental en el Punto M-CP-18 Jiachenjiang

SUMMARY : The purpose of this work was to study the morphology and morphometry of the mental foramen (MF), as well asto evaluate its morphological configuration; in addition to taking measures of its localization using as a parameter the distances of theforamen to the inferior border of the mandible and at the alveolar ridge. 80 dry mandibles were analyzed using the test of Qui-square andT test, with 5% of significance. Its average distance, on the right side, at the inferior edge of the mandible (IEM) was of 12 . 96(± 1.57) mmand of the alveolar ridge (AR) was of 12.82(± 3.4) mm. On the left side it was found distant of IEM 12.96(± 1.32) mm and of the AR12.82(± 3.22)mm. The largest horizontal diameter found was of 3.32 ( ± 0.91) mm to the right and 3.25 ( ± 0.86) mm to the left side whilethe largest vertical diameter was of 2.38 ( ± 0.63) mm on the right and of 2.39 ( ± 0.58) mm on the left side. It was predominantly found inthe oval form, on the right side, of which 98.3% presented as a larger diameter the horizontal (type I). On the left side, all the ovalforamens were classified as of type I. 76 (95%) appeared single on both sides. As to the localization related to the mandibular dentition,it was localized in similar statistic proportions between the 1
Effects of bagging on the quality factors of Jiangsu red Fuji apple in the process of growth and development.

Fuji Nagafu No.2 apple(Malus pumila Mill.) was used to study the effects of bagging on the quality factors of Jiangsu red Fuji apple in the process of growth and development.The results showed that chlorophyll and carotenoid in skin of bagging apple fruits was lower than control.The anthocyanin content of bagging fruits was notably lower than control during fruit developing,but much rapid increase was present after bag removed,even surpassed the control contents of when harvesting.Soluble sugars,reducing sugar and titratable acids in bagged fruits had almost the same dynamic changes as control,but all lower than control.The comprehensive results indicated that Hengxin bag in Shandong was the best,next was Xiaolin bag in Japan,Tianzheng bag in Xuzhou was the worst.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUASAN PENGGUNA TERHADAP APLIKASI SISTEM AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN DAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN DAN AKUNTANSI BARANG MILIK NEGARA PADA LEMBAGA KEJAKSAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA WILAYAH KEJAKSAAN TINGGI ACEH

Abstract: This study aims to look at factors that affect user satisfication of Financial Accounting System and Management Information Systems and Accounting Of State Application at The Attorney Institute Of The Republic Indonesia For Aceh Regional.The study was conduct using census techniques in data collection. Data was obtained from 75 respondents in the Attorney Institute Of The Republic Indonesia For Aceh Regional, and data processing using multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 16. From the results of data processing Elecronic Data Process staff service, user knowledge. Keywords : Elecronic Data Process staff service, user knowledge. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan pengguna terhadap aplikasi Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan dan Sistem Informasi Manajemen dan Akuntansi Barang Milik Negara pada Lembaga Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia wilayah Kejaksaan Tinggi Aceh. Penelitan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik sensus dalam pengambilan data. Data diperoleh dari 75 Responden di Wilayah Kejaksaan Tinggi Aceh. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan bantuan program SPSS 16. Dari hasil pengolahan data secara simultan faktor pelayanan staf Electronic Data Process, Pengetahuan pengguna. Kata kunci : Pelayanan staf Electronic Data Process, Pengetahuan pengguna.
Age and Correlation of Huizachal Group (Mesozoic), State of Tamaulipas, Mexico

Field studies in the Huizachal anticlinorium, Sierra Madre Oriental, near Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico, disclose that the Huizachal group (redbeds), formerly undivided, contains at least two mappable sequences, herein named La Joya formation and La Boca formation. The La Boca formation consists mostly of red and green claystones, mudstones, siltstones, sandstones, and conglomerates and rests unconformably on (1) crystalline rocks of unknown age and (2) deformed Paleozoic strata lithically similar to those of the Marathon uplift (Texas). It is considerably folded and faulted and underlies either the La Joya formation (redbeds) or the overlying Zuloaga limestone (Late Jurassic) with angularity up to almost 90°. The La Joya includes (1) a lithically variable basal conglomerate, (2) a thin limestone and limestone conglomerate, (3) red mudstones, claystones, siltstones, and fine quartzose sandstones which grade upward into red, pink, or green, fine to very coarse, cross-bedded, quartzose sandstones and red, pink, or green conglomerates. The La Joya possesses conformable to low angular unconformable relations with the superjacent Zuloaga limestone; it rests with considerable angularity on the La Boca formation and on deformed sediments of late Paleozoic age. At some places it overlies crystalline rocks probably Paleozoic and Precambrian in age. Fossil plants from the upper part of the La Boca formation in Novillo Canyon indicate that this part of the group is probably late Triassic in age. The La Joya thus appears to be Jurassic in age, its general relations to the Zuloaga limestone (of definite Late Jurassic age) being such as to suggest that it might be Middle or Late Jurassic in age.
The Quantitative Cape: Notes from a new Histriography of the Dutch Cape Colony

The digitisation and transcription of rich archival sources and the use of statistical techniques combined with modern computing power, have, over the last decade, allowed social scientists to reinterpret eighteenth-century Cape history. This review essay summarises the main results from the burgeoning literature; assesses whether these new studies refute or support earlier hypotheses; shows how new quantitative evidence can inform our understanding of the process of economic development; and appeals to historians and economists to learn the language of the other.
Primary Care Antibiotic Prescribing and Infection-Related Hospitalisation

Inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics has been widely recognised as a leading cause of antimicrobial resistance, which in turn has become one of the most significant threats to global health. Given that most antibiotic prescriptions are issued in primary care settings, investigating the associations between primary care prescribing of antibiotics and subsequent infection-related hospitalisations affords a valuable opportunity to understand the long-term health implications of primary care antibiotic intervention. A narrative review of the scientific literature studying associations between primary care antibiotic prescribing and subsequent infection-related hospitalisation was conducted. The Web of Science database was used to retrieve 252 potentially relevant studies, with 23 of these studies included in this review (stratified by patient age and infection type). The majority of studies (n = 18) were published in the United Kingdom, while the remainder were conducted in Germany, Spain, Denmark, New Zealand, and the United States. While some of the reviewed studies demonstrated that appropriate and timely antibiotic prescribing in primary care could help reduce the need for hospitalisation, excessive antibiotic prescribing can lead to antimicrobial resistance, subsequently increasing the risk of infection-related hospitalisation. Few studies reported no association between primary care antibiotic prescriptions and subsequent infection-related hospitalisation. Overall, the disparate results in the extant literature attest to the conflicting factors influencing the decision-making regarding antibiotic prescribing and highlight the necessity of adopting a more patient-focussed perspective in stewardship programmes and the need for increased use of rapid diagnostic testing in primary care.
URBAN AND LAKE EFFECTS ON SUMMER RAINFALL IN THE CHICAGO AREA

Rainfall data from three summers were studied to discern possible urban and lake influences on precipitation processes and quantity over the Chicago region and southern Lake Michigan. The stabilizing influence of Lake Michigan on convective rainfall is considerable, with fewer raincells and lower rain rates than over adjacent rural areas. The lake effect is realized largely in less well-organized and weaker convective conditions, whereas squall lines do not exhibit any great diminishment in rainfall production over the lake. Average over-lake rainfall more than 40 km east of the western shore was reduced, estimated as being 36% less than the shoreline average. The urban influences on rain are most pronounced in well-organized convective systems, leading to localized increases in raincell initiations, mergers of raincells, and larger more intense raincells than occur over nearby rural areas. The net result is 15% more rain, on the average, over Chicago, and 10 to 20% more rain extending 40 km east over sou.
Monthly variations in physicochemical parameters of a flood plain reservoir on River Ravi near Balloki Headworks (Pakistan)

Monthly variations of different physicochemical parameters of water of a flood plain reservoir on River Ravi near Balloki Headworks were studied. Atmospheric temperature ranged from 16.62 to 40.32 ( o C). Water temperature ranged from 14.15 to 33.89 ( o C). pH ranged from 6.82 to 8.53, dissolved oxygen from 5.00 to 9.46 (mg/l), electrical conductivity from 232.76 to 330 (μS/cm), total dissolved solids from 148.96 to 211.20 (mg/l), turbidity from 4.62 to 63.70 (NTU), visibility from 30.48 to 150 (cm), total hardness from 120 to 160 (mg/l), total alkalinity from 100 to 119 (mg/l) and chlorides ranged from 20.0 to 34.93 (mg/l).
Detecting patients at a high risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in general practice: cross sectional case finding study

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of case finding of patients at risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, whether the method is suitable for use in general practice, how patients should be selected, and the time required. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Two semirural general practices in the Netherlands. Participants: 651 smokers aged 35 to 70 years. Main outcome measures: Short standardised questionnaire on bronchial symptoms for current smokers, lung function with a spirometer, and the quality of the spirometric curve. Results: Of the 201 smokers not taking drugs for a pulmonary condition, 169 produced an acceptable curve (fulfilling American Thoracic Society criteria). Of these, 30 (18%, 95% confidence interval 12% to 24%) had a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) <80% of predicted. When smokers were preselected on the basis of chronic cough, the proportion with an FEV1 <80% of predicted increased to 27% (17 of 64; 12% to 38%). Chronic cough was a better predictor of airflow obstruction than other symptoms, such as wheeze and dyspnoea. The presence of two symptoms was a slightly better predictor than cough only (odds ratio 3.02 (1.37 to 6.64) v 2.50 (1.14 to 5.52)). Age was also a good predictor of obstruction; smokers over 60 with cough had a 48% chance of having an obstruction. The mean time needed for spirometry was four minutes. Detecting one smoker with an FEV1 <80% of predicted cost €5 to €10. Conclusions: Trained practice assistants could check all patients who smoke for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at little cost to the practice. Cough and age are the most important predictors of the disease. By testing one smoker a day, an average practice could identify one patient at risk a week.