Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2-(2-Fluorophenyl)-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)acetamide

In the title compound, C11H9FN2OS, the 1,3-thiazole ring is planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.007 Å) and forms a dihedral angle of 73.75 (5)° with the benzene ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked via pairs of N—H⋯N and C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds into chains along [100].
Water quality tests and behavioral factors of child diarrhoea in Dhaka slums

Diarrhoeal disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in less developed countries, especially among children aged 0-5 years. It is a symptom of infection caused by a host of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms most of which can be spread by contaminated water. Diarrhoea prevalence rate for the children in Dhaka slums is 214.29. The total costs of children’s diarrhoea (adding all the direct and indirect) in Dhaka slums is Tk. 133.88 over a 15 day time interval. The water quality is measured at the point-of-use and the point-of-source by the total coliform, faecal coliform, and faecal streptococci tests per 100 ml water. The total coliform, faecal coliform, and faecal streptococci are at the point-of-source 651, 450, and 71 and at the point-of-use 919, 636, and 80 respectively. The test values at the point-of-use are greater than that at the pointof-source due to drinking water contaminated by behavioral activities. Due to the almost perfect correlation between the total coliform, faecal coliform, faecal streptococci tests, we need to drop the values from these two tests (total coliform and faecal streptococci) in the econometric analysis. We will use the faecal coliform test, as it is the test most commonly referred to in the existing literature.
(±)-1,2-Bis(N′-benzoylthioureido)cyclohexane

In the title compound, C22H24N4O2S2, the two thiourea segments of the side-arm groups are inclined at a dihedral angle of 73.09 (9)°. The central cyclohexane bridge adopts a chair conformation. The molecule is stabilized by N—H⋯O intramolecular hydrogen bonds forming S(6) rings, and N—H⋯O and N—H⋯S intermolecular hydrogen bonds forming infinite chains developing parallel to the b axis.
The Experienced Critical Care RN's Perception of New Graduate RNs Competence in Critical Care Using Benner's Novice to Expert

The purpose of the study was to describe the experienced critical care RNs’ perception of the new graduate RNs’ competence in critical care areas. Using the Six-Dimension Scale of Nursing Performance (Six-D Scale) by Patricia Schwirian, experienced nurses from critical care areas with at least three years of experience were asked to rate new graduate RNs in their critical care area on specific nursing activities. Benner’s theory of Novice to Expert is used as the theoretical framework. Findings revealed that experienced critical care RNs perception of new graduate RNs is greater than expected. All activities on the Six-D Scale were performed at least “occasionally”. Of the six subcategories, Professional Development had the greatest overall mean score. Teaching/Collaboration and Leadership had the least scores. Implications from the study show involving experienced nurses in selection, educating, and mentoring of new staff can be pivotal to each person’s success, departmental success, and improved recruitment and retention. Linking relationships between the experienced critical care RN and the new graduate RN can contribute.
Alcohol-specific activity in hospitals in England

Alcohol-related harm is placing increasing demands on the NHS. At a time when unprecedented efficiencies need to be made by the NHS and local authorities, preventative action must be taken seriously. This analysis explores trends in alcohol-specific activity in hospitals due to alcohol poisoning and alcohol-related inpatient admissions by looking at six years of hospital activity data in England. The analysis also explores the use of hospital services before and after a diagnosis of alcohol-related liver disease and highlights opportunities for preventative action to reduce future alcohol-related harm in England.
A comparison between dexmedetomidine and midazolam infusion on characteristic of spinal anesthesia

Background: Different adjuvants have been used to extend spinal anesthesia, with the probable benefits of late commencement of postoperative pain and reduced analgesic requirements. Alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists have been recently used for their sedative, analgesic, and perioperative sympatholytic and cardiovascular stabilizing effects with reduced anesthetic requirements. Objective: In this prospective, randomized, double-blind study, we evaluated the intravenous dexmedetomidine and compared it with intravenous midazolam for effect on sensory and motor blockade, sedation, hemodynamic parameters, duration of analgesia, and side effects during spinal anesthesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients scheduled for lower abdominal and lower limb surgery were selected. Group D (n = 30) received dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) over 10 min before spinal anesthesia, followed by infusion of 0.5 µg/kg/h during surgery. Group M (n = 30) received midazolam (0.04 mg/kg) over 10 min before spinal anesthesia, followed by infusion of 0.04 mg/kg/h during surgery. Time for onset of sensory and motor blockade, sedation score using Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS), hemodynamic parameters, and duration of analgesia were assessed. Result: The mean time to achieve the highest sensory level and onset of grade 3 motor block were comparable in both the groups (p > 0.05). The mean time to complete regression of sensory analgesia (261.17 ± 23.81 vs. 234.83 ± 22.61 min; p < 0.001) and duration of motor block (232.17 ± 27.94 vs. 199.67 ± 22.36 min; p < 0.001) were significantly longer in group D when compared with group M. The total duration of analgesia (356.67 ± 54.56 vs. 260.33 ± 18.84 min) was significantly longer in group D when compared with group M (p < 0.001). The mean time to achieve RSS of three was significantly shorter in group D when compared with group M (p < 0.05). Statistically significant decrease in heart rate was observed in group D when compared with group M. Conclusion: When compared with intravenous (IV) midazolam, administration of IV dexmedetomidine during spinal anesthesia prolongs the duration of sensory and motor blockade and provides a longer duration of postoperative analgesia, with satisfactory arousable sedation and minimal side effects.
Effects Of Maternal Body Mass Index In The Early Weeks Of Pregnancy On Unfavorable Maternal Perinatal Outcomes Gebeliğin İlk Haftalarindaki Maternal Vücut Kitle İndeksinin Olumsuz Maternal Perinatal Sonuçlara Etkisi

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the association in pregnancy between increased body mass index (BMI) and unfavorable maternal perinatal outcomes. Material and Methods: The medical records of 329 pregnant women who delivered singleton infants from January 2013 to July 2014 at our clinic were retrospectively evaluated. The pregnant women were grouped into 4 groups according to BMI measurements: Group 1, BMI ≤ 19.9 (underweight), Group 2, 20-24.9 (normal weight), Group 3, 25-29.9 (over weight), Group 4, ≥ 30 or more. Increased BMI and pregnancy outcomes according to gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, requirement of blood transfusion and fetal birth weight were compared. Results: In all 329 participants, no association was determined between increased BMI and both fetal birth weight and risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus. A positive correlation was determined between the risk of developing pre-eclampsia and requirement of blood transfusion and increased BMI. Conclusion: Increased maternal BMI index can be considered to be related to increased pre-eclampsia and a need for blood transfusion during delivery. The refore, physicians should recommend that women of reproductive age who are planning to get pregnant should attain ideal weight in the pre-pregnancy period to avoid obesity-related maternal problems.
THE "PELVIC SUPPORT" OSTEOTOMY

Henry Milch was a New Yorker. born and bred. and his entire career was spent in his natal city. After graduating from Columbia College. he served in World War I as a lieutenant in the infantry. After graduating from Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and spending a year abroad studying pathology, he joined the staff of the Hospital for Joint Diseases in 1923. He served there for 40 years until 1960. when he became an attending surgeon emeritus. In addition to his professional work, he was very active in community service. He was a quiet, complex individual with wide-ranging interests in philosophy, history. and music. He had a broad interest in orthopedic problems and wrote papers on an extraordinary variety of clinical subjects. He is best remembered for his work on osteotomy of the upper end of the femur. particularly the pelvic support osteotomy. This paper is of historic interest because it contains a clue to the thought processes involved in the development of an idea.
Immunogenicity of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine in patients with diabetes mellitus

Subjects with diabetes mellitus are considered to be at high risk of influenza infection and influenza-associated complications. To evaluate the immunogenicity of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine among these subjects, we performed a prospective cohort study and measured hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers at baseline and 3 weeks after vaccination in 49 patients. No serious adverse events were reported. We were able to perform analyses for 48 patients, after excluding one patient with suspected infection. The vaccine induced a rise of about 9-fold in the mean antibody level. The sero-response proportion was 79%, and the sero-protection proportion was 73%. Patients with older age and lower body mass index tended to show lower immune response. Multivariate analysis indicated an independent negative effect of hemoglobin A1c level on the sero-protection proportion. A single A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination achieved a sufficient level of immunity among diabetic patients, but both clinicians and patients should be aware of the potential for reductions in immune response.
Coexistent Coronary Artery Disease or Myocardial Bridging in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Using Coronary CT Angiography

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex and relatively common genetic cardiac disease with an estimated prevalence of 0.2% (1). Frequently, patients with HCM have chest pain suggestive of angina pectoris, and the electrocardiogram (ECG) can resemble that of a myocardial infarction (MI) in the absence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (2, 3). However, adult patients with HCM may also develop atherosclerotic CAD, and patients with HCM and coexistent CAD have an increased rate of morbidity compared to patients with HCM without CAD (4, 5). Therefore, early detection of coexistent CAD in HCM is of high importance. Myocardial bridging (MB) is more commonly associated with Coexistent Coronary Artery Disease or Myocardial Bridging in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Using Coronary CT Angiography 비후성 심근증을 가진 성인 환자에서 동반되는 관상동맥질환과 심근교락: 다중검출기 심장 CT를 통한 연구
2,4-Dihydroxy-N′-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide

In the title compound, C15H14N2O5, the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 4.3 (3)° and the molecule adopts an E configuration with respect to the C=N bond. Intramolecular O—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are observed. In the crystal structure, the molecules are linked through intermolecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form layers parallel to the ac plane.
Bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsies in children: Useful or not?

INTRODUCTION: Bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsies are diagnostic tools in the evaluation of difficult asthma and other paediatric airway diseases. The yield of these procedures in clinical practice is uncertain. Therefore our aim was to evaluate if bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsies change management. METHODS: Retrospectively we collected data on diagnosis and treatment before and after bronchoscopy in all children undergoing bronchoscopy with endobronchial biopsies between 0 and 18 yrs. Difficult asthma was defined as uncontrolled asthma despite high dose ICS dose and LABA. In endobronchial biopsies reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickness was measured. RESULTS: Of the 74 children (37 male, mean age 7.8 yrs), 26 had asthma and 13 had difficult asthma. The diagnosis of children undergoing bronchoscopy changed in 31.3 % of the cases: 10 children got a second diagnosis, which could explain the persistent symptoms, 8 children were misdiagnosed. In these 18 children airwaymalacia (n=10) and anatomic abnormalities (n=7) were the most common. In 9.5 % of the cases biopsies changed the diagnosis; in 3 of them ciliary dyskinesia was suspected. In 25 % medication was changed after bronchoscopy. Children without asthma had a RBM of 5,6 μm \[SD +/- 1,4]; in children with asthma RBM thickness was 5,11 μm [SD +/- 1,05] and in those with difficult asthma 6,0 μm [SD +/- 1,34\] (p=0.49). CONCLUSION: Bronchoscopy showed an important role to reveal underlying causes of persistent symptoms such as airwaymalacia and anatomic abnormalities. In 25% of patients bronchoscopy led to a change in treatment. We found no significant difference in RBM thickness between nonasthmatic, asthmatic children and children with difficult asthma.
Assessment of quality of life of Iranian nurses

Nurses’ Quality Of Life (QOL) may be affected by many different factors that can in turn influence their job competency. The aim of this study was to assess the QOL of Iranian nurses to provide evidence to enable policy makers to take the necessary steps needed to make improvements. Using a cross-sectional study design, we evaluated the QOL of Iranian nurses by the assessment of four health indicators: physical, psychological, social and environmental. A total of 850 nurses from 17 different provinces of Iran were recruited by random sampling. They were requested to complete the World Health Organization QOL-BREF questionnaire. Data were then analyzed. Results indicated that half of the nurses scored in the moderate range, suggesting that they had a reasonably good QOL. They scored considerably higher in terms of physical health indicators and achieved significantly lower scores regarding environmental health issues. Although the χ 2 test did not show any significant association between the QOL indicators and different factors such as work experience, gender, job position and patients group. We found a significant association between the subject’s position at work in the hospital shift pattern and their overall QOL score. The results of our study showed that more than half the nurses evaluated their QOL to be at a moderate level. The results from this study can be used by policy makers to help make improvements to nurses’ QOL that may enhance the quality of care they deliver to their patients. Future research including a group of nurses from over the whole country is essential so that a more representative cohort can be studied. It would also pave the way for the establishment of a QOL database for nurses in Iran that could monitor changes in the nursing population.
Risk factors of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia.

Abstract Background: An understanding of risk factors related to neonatal mortality is important to guide the development of focused and evidence-based health interventions to reduce neonatal deaths. Objective: This study aimed to identify risk factors of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. Methods: The data source for the study was the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. The survival information of a total of 8,651 live-born neonates born five years before the survey was examined. Stratified Cox-proportional hazards model was employed to identify risk factors associated with neonatal deaths. Results: About 71% of the neonatal deaths occurred within the first week after birth and, the cumulative death rate reached 79% in the second week. The estimated hazard ratios of mortality were higher for twins or multiple births (HR=3.73, 95% CI: 2.81-4.94), first order birth (HR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.25-2.24), male sex (HR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.06-1.50), birth interval shorter than 24 months (HR=1.63, 95% CI:1.31-2.03), very small and vary large size neonates born to mothers younger than 20 years of age and above 34 years (HR=1.38, 95% CI:1.05-1.82) and (HR=1.32, 95% CI 0.06-2.80), respectively, and neonates whose mothers had a history of pregnancy complications (HR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.27-2.24) compared to their respective counterparts. The risk of dying was lower for neonates whose mothers attended antenatal visits (HR=0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.89) and neonates put to breast immediately upon birth (HR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.59-0.99). Conclusion: Public health interventions directed at reducing neonatal death should address the demographic factors mentioned above and maternal health services. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2013;27(3):192-199]
Prevalence of Pathological Entities in Neck Masses: A Study of 1208 Consecutive Cases

Background: Many head and neck diseases manifest as neck masses with a wide range of pathologies from developmental lesions to malignancies. However, there is a lack of large-scale studies about the relative prevalence of these lesions in the neck region. Objectives: This retrospective study was conducted to assess the distribution of neck masses related to gender, age, pathology, and anatomical location. Patients and Methods: During a 13-year period (1996–2009), the medical records of 1,208 patients with neck masses were collected from the department of pathology at Loghman educational hospital in Tehran, Iran. The cases were reviewed for data on gender, age, the type of origin tissue, the type of lesion, and the anatomical location. Comparisons between genders, age groups, and tissue origins were performed using the Chi-square test. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. All statistical tests were performed with SPSS 20 software. Results: Over a period of 13 years, a total of 1,208 patients (617 men and 591 women) had neck masses resected for pathological assessments. The median age of presentation was 42.1 (ranging from 6 to 83 years). Among the 1,208 cases, 33 cases (2.7%) developed in the pediatric group (≤ 15 years old), 466 cases (38.6 %) developed in the young adult group (16 to 40 years of age), and 709 cases (58.7%) developed in the adult group (≥ 40 years old). Both the inflammatory/infectious and neoplastic lesions were more common in the older adult group with 129 and 433 cases, respectively. The Chi-square test showed significant differences between the genders and the different types of lesions (P = 0.000) and between the different age groups and the different types of lesions (P = 0.000). The anterior triangle (n = 654; 54.1%) was the most common anatomical site for the neck masses, followed by the midline and anterior neck (n = 548; 45.4%), and the posterior triangle (n = 6; 0.5%). Conclusions: The age and location of neck masses are the most important variables. The data in this study showed that the neoplastic lesions (including metastatic lesions) were the most common neck masses and the anterior triangle was the most common anatomical location. In addition, age can play an important role in differential diagnosis. Therefore, any mass in the neck, especially in older patients, located in the anterior triangle must be considered neoplastic until proven otherwise.
Nurses' knowledge and competence in wound management

Background: The literature indicates that nurses’ knowledge in wound assessment is insufficient to inform practice and if knowledge is present it is not reflected in clinical practice. The competence required to perform wound care assessment and management is context-dependent, incorporating the nurse’s ability, the task to be performed and the setting in which it is completed. A correlation between knowledge and competence is said to exist, however no studies were sourced that examined knowledge and competence in wound assessment and management. Aim: To explore nurses’ knowledge and competence in wound assessment and management in the acute hospital setting. Method: A descriptive quantitative design was used. Data were collected from 150 nurses via a researcher-designed questionnaire . Results: Findings indicated that knowledge of the parameters of wound assessment were very good. Statistically significant correlations were found between knowledge and wound assessment competence in respondents who had updated their wound care knowledge in the previous two years. Findings also suggest that the more wounds treated per week significantly impacted on competence but not on knowledge. Conclusions: Nurses’ general knowledge in relation to wound assessment was very good contrasting with findings in previous research. However, a large number of nurses rated their competence in relation to wound assessment on the lower end of the scale. When nurses had updated their knowledge on wound care in the previous two years application to practice was significantly enhanced. Conflict of interest: None.
ANTICONVULSANT THERAPY, MEGALOBLASTIC HAEMOPOIESIS AND FOLIC ACID METABOLISM

A clinical, haematological, and biochemical investigation of 62 epileptics is reported. Fifty-four of the patients were receiving anticonvulsant drugs and eight were untreated. None of the treated patients was anaemic, but 17 (38 per cent.) of 45 in whom the bone marrow was examined showed megaloblastic haemopoiesis. Treatment with folic acid in seven patients restored normoblastic haemopoiesis in all. Only seven of the 54 treated patients showed macrocytosis and only five showed hypersegmentation of the neutrophils in the peripheral blood. Serum folate concentrations were subnormal in 76 per cent. of the treated patients. With one exception, serum vitamin B12 concentrations were within the normal range, though significantly lower in the megaloblastic group than in the untreated patients. Only a small proportion of the treated patients excreted excess Figlu after a histidine load. Serum lactate dehydrogenase concentrations were normal in all patients. It was found that neither morphological changes in the peripheral blood nor biochemical investigations were reliable indications of megaloblastic haemopoiesis. All three major anticonvulsant drugs (phenobarbitone, phenytoin, and primidone) appear to be capable of causing folate deficiency. The possible mechanisms are discussed, and it is suggested that there may be a relationship between the anti-folate effect of the drugs and their therapeutic action. Attention is drawn to the possible consequences of prolonged drug-induced folate deficiency, which may be responsible for producing mental symptoms.
2-[(E)-(Morpholin-4-ylimino)methyl]-6-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)phenol

The title compound, C16H23N3O3, contains two morpholine rings, each of which adopts a chair conformation. The molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond, leading to a S(6) ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked into zigzag chains along the c-axis direction by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π interactions.
(E)-N′-(3,5-Dichloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-methoxybenzohydrazide

In the title compound, C15H12Cl2N2O3, the dihedral angle between the two substituted aromatic rings is 5.4 (4)°. Intramolecular O—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds affect the planarity of the molcular conformation, with a mean deviation from the plane defined by the non-H atoms of 0.062 (2) Å. The molecule exists in a trans configuration with respect to the methylidene unit. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H⋯O interactions.