Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Student's Digital Literacy Based on Students' Interest in Digital Technology, Internet Costs, Gender, and Learning Outcomes

This study aims to analyze students' digital literacy in the context of learning biology material on the digestive system and identify students' digital literacy in terms of interest in digital technology, internet costs, gender, and learning outcomes. The research was conducted at one private high school in Medan, Indonesia. The instrument used is a questionnaire and a list of student grades from the teacher. The results showed that students interested in digital technology had a significantly higher digital literacy score than students who had less interest in digital technology. There was no significant difference in digital literacy between groups of students with internet fees < US$ 14 per month and students with internet fees of US$ 14 per month, and between groups of male and female students. The result of the analysis also found a positive correlation between learning outcomes and digital literacy.
Financial sector development and macroeconomic volatility: Case of the Southern African Development Community region

Abstract The study examines the effect of financial sector development on macroeconomic volatility in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region for the period 1980–2018 employing the Cross-Sectionally Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) model. The empirical findings show that banking variables have a negative and significant effect on growth volatility in the SADC countries. Also, stock market capitalisation, which is a measure of capital market development, was also found to have a negative effect on macroeconomic volatility when looking at the whole financial sector. The results suggest that a well-developed capital market where both the stock market and banking sector are thriving mitigates macroeconomic volatility. The empirical results however reveal that when the stock market is dominant, there is bound to be macroeconomic volatility. The results imply that pursuing the development of the overall financial system reduces macroeconomic volatility in a country as well as the region. Authorities should therefore ensure that policies geared towards development of the entire financial system are pursued.
THαβ Immunological Pathway as Protective Immune Response against Prion Diseases: An Insight for Prion Infection Therapy

Prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, are mediated by transmissible proteinaceous pathogens. Pathological changes indicative of neuro-degeneration have been observed in the brains of affected patients. Simultaneously, microglial activation, along with the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1 or TNF-α, have also been observed in brain tissue of these patients. Consequently, pro-inflammatory cytokines are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Accelerated prion infections have been seen in interleukin-10 knockout mice, and type 1 interferons have been found to be protective against these diseases. Since interleukin-10 and type 1 interferons are key mediators of the antiviral THαβ immunological pathway, protective host immunity against prion diseases may be regulated via THαβ immunity. Currently no effective treatment strategies exist for prion disease; however, drugs that target the regulation of IL-10, IFN-alpha, or IFN-β, and consequently modulate the THαβ immunological pathway, may prove to be effective therapeutic options.
The novel lncRNA GPC5-AS1 stabilizes GPC5 mRNA by competitively binding with miR-93/106a to suppress gastric cancer cell proliferation

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are of importance in the genesis and progression of gastric cancer (GC). GPC5-AS1 is a novel lncRNA associated with methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), identified in our previous microarray analysis; however, the role of GPC5-AS1 in GC remains unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that GPC5-AS1 is downregulated in GC cells and tissues, and this aberrant expression is regulated by MeCP2 through CpG site binding in the promoter region. Importantly, we also demonstrate that GPC5-AS1 overexpression suppresses cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle transition; induces apoptosis in vitro; and inhibits tumorigenicity in vivo. The expression of the controversial gene GPC5 was downregulated in GC tissues, and elevated GPC5 level could inhibit GC cell growth. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that GPC5-AS1 stabilizes GPC5 mRNA by acting as a molecular sponge for miR-93 and miR-106a, thereby reducing GC tumor progression. In conclusion, our results suggest that GPC5-AS1 may play a pivotal role in GC and serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and a powerful therapeutic target for GC.
The Effect of Asthma Controlling on Heart Rate Recovery in Patients with Asthma

aBeykent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Turkey. bClinic of Chest Diseases, Istanbul Yedikule Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. cDepartment of Cardiology, Yedikule Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. dDepartment of Cardiology, Professor Dr. İlhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
The Role of Competence on The Leadership Effect on Employee Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

This study aims to describe leadership, competence, and employee performance; analyze the influence of leadership on employee performance in Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) both directly and through employee competence as a mediating variable. Data collection used a survey method, with a questionnaire as a tool. The population is employees in MSMEs. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total of 83 respondents. The analytical method used is a Scale Range and path analysis with the Smart PLS3 program. The results of the study showed that leadership is very good, the competence and performance of employees are very high; leadership has a significant effect on employee performance directly, as well as through competence mediation variables.
Knowledge about sources and benefits of vitamin D among high school students in Bandung, Indonesia

Background and purpose: Indonesia is a tropical country, located through the equator line which is abundantly exposed with sun. However, vitamin D deficiency among population in Indonesia is common. To increase optimal vitamin D intake, knowledge on vitamin D and the role of sun exposure early in the adolescence period is imperative. This study aims to explore the knowledge of high school students about the sources and benefits of vitamin D.Methods: This was a quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design using survey method, conducted in 2019. A public madrasah high school in Bandung, Indonesia, was selected using convenience sampling. A validated questionnaire was distributed to students aged 16-18 years old, containing of two parts about sources of vitamin D (10 questions) and its benefits (4 questions). Results: In total, 198 high school students participated in the study, majoring in Natural Sciences (55.6%) and Social Sciences (44.4%), of whom 76.3% were females. The proportion of students who answered correctly about vitamin D was 72.8%, whereas 61.9% had correct answers about the sources of vitamin D and 83.8% about its benefits. Female students had significantly higher score compared to males (p<0.001). Interestingly, the Natural Science students had no significant higher score compared to Social Science students (p=0.227). Conclusion: The knowledge about the source of vitamin D and its benefit among female high school students is significantly better than males, thus, special attention to male students is needed. There is a trend, although not significant, that the knowledge of students majoring in the Natural Sciences is higher compared to the Social Sciences. This study suggests the need of an integrative health education and outdoor activities, as well as a better nutrition program, focusing especially on male students and the Social Sciences class.
Structural Bases of Zoonotic and Zooanthroponotic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2

The emergence of multiple variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) highlights the importance of possible animal-to-human (zoonotic) and human-to-animal (zooanthroponotic) transmission and potential spread within animal species. A range of animal species have been verified for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, either in vitro or in vivo. However, the molecular bases of such a broad host spectrum for the SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive. Here, we structurally and genetically analysed the interaction between the spike protein, with a particular focus on receptor binding domains (RBDs), of SARS-CoV-2 and its receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for all conceivably susceptible groups of animals to gauge the structural bases of the SARS-CoV-2 host spectrum. We describe our findings in the context of existing animal infection-based models to provide a foundation on the possible virus persistence in animals and their implications in the future eradication of COVID-19.
Molecular and Antifilarial IgG4 Detection Using the miniPCR-Duplex Lateral Flow Dipstick and BmSxp-ELISA in Myanmar Immigrant Communities

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is an important tropical disease that affects over a billion people in more than 80 countries and approximately 40 million people are currently suffering from severe disfigurement and disability. A diagnostic tool is the principal impact factor to determine the infection status of lymphatic filariasis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate nucleic acid of Wuchereria bancrofti as well as antifilarial IgG4 in a Myanmar immigrant community living along the Moei River, a natural border between Mae Sot, Tak province Thailand and Myawaddy, Myanmar which is an endemic area of bancroftian filariasis. Blood was collected from 300 Myanmar immigrants in Mae Sot district, Tak Province. The nucleic acid of W. bancrofti was assessed in the study population using our recent published miniPCR-Duplex Lateral Flow dipstick (DLFD) platform as well as the standard PCR technique. The antifilarial IgG4 was detected in the study population using the developed ELISA which used BmSxp protein as antigen. The miniPCR-DLFD method delivered results comparable to the standard PCR technique and it enables convenient and rapid visual detection of the parasite nucleic acid. Furthermore, the ELISA using BmSxp antigen demonstrated a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 98.1%, 98.9%, 96.3%, and 99.4% respectively. The W. bancrofti nucleic acid and antifilarial IgG4 were detected in 1.6% (5/300), and 2% (6/300) of the study population, accordingly. The results of this study also revealed important epidemiological data about LF on the Thai–Myanmar border.
Transcription Profiles Reveal Age-Dependent Variations of Photosynthetic Properties and Sugar Metabolism in Grape Leaves (Vitis vinifera L.)

Leaves, considered as the ‘source’ organs, depend on the development stages because of the age-dependent photosynthesis and assimilation of leaves. However, the molecular mechanisms of age-dependent limitations on the function of leaves are seldom reported. In the present study, the photosynthesis-related characteristics and photoassimilates were investigated in grape leaves at six different age groups (Ll to L6) at micro-morphological, biochemical, and molecular levels. These results showed lower expression levels of genes associated with stomatal development, and chl biosynthesis resulted in fewer stomata and lowered chlorophyll a/b contents in L1 when compared to L3 and L5. The DEGs between L5 and L3/L1 were largely distributed at stomatal movement, carbon fixation, and sucrose and starch metabolism pathways, such as STOMATAL ANION CHANNEL PROTEIN 1 (SLAC1), FRUCTOSE-1,6-BISPHOSPHATE ALDOLASE (FBA1), SUCROSE-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (SPP1), and SUCROSE-PHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASE (SPS2, 4). These genes could be major candidate genes leading to increased photosynthesis capacity and sugar content in L5. The accumulation of starch grains in the chloroplast and palisade tissue of L5 and higher transcription levels of genes related to starch biosynthesis in L5 further supported the high ability of L5 to produce photoassimilates. Hence, our results provide insights for understanding different photosynthetic functions in age-dependent leaves in grape plants at the molecular level.
Integration of Numerical Simulation and Wireline Formation Testing Measurements for Permeability Interpretation

i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iii DEDICATION . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . v LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix NOMENCLATURE . xiv CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Wireline Formation Testing . 1 1.2 Interpretation of WFT data . 3 1.3 Purpose of This Thesis Study . 5 1.4 Outline of the Thesis . 6 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW . 7 2.1 WFT Development and Applications . 8 2.2 WFT Pressure Measurements . 12 2.2.1 Probe-type WFTs . 14 2.2.2 Dual-packer WFTs . 15 2.2.3 Interval pressure transient testing . 17 2.3 Pressure Transient Analysis . 19 2.4 Conventional Interpretation Technique . 22 vi 2.4.1 Flow regimes . 22 2.4.2 Interpretation constraints. 25 2.5 Summary . 29 CHAPTER 3 DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE FORMATION THICKNESS 30 3.1 Numerical Model of Probe-Type WFT . 30 3.1.1 Reference case. 30 3.1.2 Model validation . 39 3.2 Determination of Effective Formation Thickness . 47 3.3 Parametric Effect on Permeability Interpretations . 51 3.3.1 Permeability anisotropy ratio . 51 3.3.2 Probe flow rate . 53 3.3.3 Gauge resolution . 57 3.3.4 Porosity . 60 3.3. 5 Porosity and permeability . 63 3.3. 6 Probe location . 66 3.3. 7 Heterogeneous formation . 69 3.4 Summary . 73 CHAPTER 4 EFFECT OF LAMINATIONS ON PERMEABILITY INTERPRETATION AND PRESSURE BUILDUP DYNAMICS . 77 4.1 WFT Field Measurements . 77 4.2 Numerical Model of Packer-Type WFT . 82
COVID-19 Pandemic: Opportunity to Accelerate e-Health in Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic is still unfolding. At least, 214 countries have reported confirmed cases, and 185 countries have confirmed local transmission, including Indonesia (WHO 2020, Ministry of Health of Indonesia 2020). The pandemic has transformed the way people interact, including in healthcare settings. Patients are under lockdown; human movements are restricted, and health workers are at risk of infection. There is no certainty regarding how long this pandemic will endure.
Nonclassical Measurement Error and Farmers' Response to Information Reveal Behavioral Anomalies

This paper reports on a randomized experiment conducted among Malawian agricultural households to study nonclassical measurement error (NCME) in self-reported plot area, and farmers’ responses to new information (i.e., the objective plot area measure) that was provided to correct NCME. Farmers' pre-treatment self-reported plot areas exhibit considerable NCME, most of which follows a regression-to-mean pattern with respect to plot area, and another 18 percent of which arises from asymmetric rounding to half acre increments. Randomized provision of GPSbased measures of true plot area generates four important findings. First, farmers incompletely update mistaken self-reports; most NCME persists even after the provision of true plot area measures. Second, farmers update asymmetrically in response to information, with upward corrections being far more common than downward ones even though most plot sizes were initially overestimated. Third, the magnitude of updating varies by true plot area, and the magnitude and direction of initial NCME. Fourth, the information treatment affects self-reported information about non-land inputs such as fertilizer and labor, indicating that the effects of measurement error and updating spillover across variables. NCME reflects behavioral anomalies and carries implications for both survey data collection methods and the design of information-based interventions.
A Reference-Feedforward-Based Damping Method for Virtual Synchronous Generator Control

The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control has been extensively applied for realizing grid-friendly interconnections of power converters. Nevertheless, due to the direct shaft dynamics emulation, low-frequency power oscillations may be introduced in the case of limited damping effects. To solve this issue, power control law modifications have been proposed based on the feedback control theory. Although power oscillations can be suppressed to an acceptable level, the original inertial response of the VSG will be significantly degraded. This letter proposes a new damping method based on the reference feedforward control. The proposed method is able to effectively attenuate poorly damped power oscillations in VSG-controlled converters without affecting the original inertial response. Theoretical analysis and effectiveness of the proposed damping method have been validated by both electromagnetic transient simulations and experiments.
Carbon Dots/Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Tuneable Composition and Properties

We present a simple strategy to generate a family of carbon dots/iron oxide nanoparticles (C/Fe-NPs) that relies on the thermal decomposition of iron (III) acetylacetonate in the presence of a highly fluorescent carbon-rich precursor (derived via thermal treatment of ethanolamine and citric acid at 180 °C), while polyethylene glycol serves as the passivation agent. By varying the molar ratio of the reactants, a series of C/Fe-NPs have been synthesized with tuneable elemental composition in terms of C, H, O, N and Fe. The quantum yield is enhanced from 6 to 9% as the carbon content increases from 27 to 36 wt%, while the room temperature saturation magnetization is improved from 4.1 to 17.7 emu/g as the iron content is enriched from 17 to 31 wt%. In addition, the C/Fe-NPs show excellent antimicrobial properties, minimal cytotoxicity and demonstrate promising bioimaging capabilities, thus showing great potential for the development of advanced diagnostic tools.
A Generalized High Gain Multilevel Inverter for Small Scale Solar Photovoltaic Applications

The contribution of renewable energy, especially small-scale solar photovoltaics (PV), is increasing exponentially in the energy sector. In general, high gain DC-DC converters are used as front-end converters to increase the low voltage of PV panels; further, the DC-AC converter (multilevel inverters) is used for standalone AC loads or grid integration. To avoid the front-end converter and achieve both objectives, this paper proposes a nine-level quadruple boost inverter topology for small-scale solar PV applications. The proposed topology operates on a switched capacitor technique to boost the voltage, and has self-voltage balancing of capacitors. This paper presents the detailed operation of the proposed nine-level inverter, voltage stress calculations, loss analysis, and designing of circuit parameters. In addition, a high-gain generalized multilevel inverter (MLI) topology is also reported. Furthermore, the proposed MLI is compared with competitive inverters available in the recent literature. The proposed MLI topology has advantages such as a minimum total standing voltage and a reduced component count; it can also produce bipolar voltage inherently. The performance of the proposed MLI topology is validated through the MATLAB-based simulations and an experimental prototype. Further, the experimental results are presented by considering load variations, modulation index variations, and output frequency variations. The experimental efficiency obtained is in the range of 96.2% to 92.8% for proposed 9-level inverter.
Factors Affecting Radiographers in the Clinical Supervision of Radiography Students in a Limited Resource Setting: A Survey in Zambia

Background and Purpose: Clinical teaching and learning are an important aspect of radiography programmes. It enables radiography students to acquire knowledge, attitudes, skills, and competence under the clinical supervision of designated radiographers. However, there is a paucity of research on radiography clinical training and the factors that impact on it. This study aimed to evaluate factors that affect supervising radiographers in the clinical supervision of radiography students in Zambia. Methods: A cross-sectional design was utilised in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from supervising radiographers (N=120) working in public hospitals affiliated with the schools of radiography and located in the Lusaka and Copperbelt provinces of Zambia. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: The response rate was 75% (N=120/160). Supervising radiographers rated the current system of clinical supervision as being unsatisfactory. Factors that facilitated the clinical supervision process were an adequate supply of X-ray films, students sharing their learning problems and radiology department management support. On the other hand, factors that inhibited the clinical supervision process were a lack of guidelines, lack of theory amongst students, combined supervision of diploma and degree students, student overcrowding, lack of educational audits, unjustified imaging requests, insufficient clinical teaching knowledge, and inadequate faculty and hospital management supports. Conclusion: Supervising radiographers encounter both facilitating and inhibiting factors in the facilitation of practice-based learning for radiography students. More collaboration amongst key stakeholders and supports are necessary to overcome the challenges identified in this study.
University Student Use and Perception of Listening Comprehension Strategies

The current study aimed to explore undergraduate students use and perceptions of listening comprehension strategies (LCS) in online EMI lectures, and the extent to which LCS use depends on the students’ general language proficiency and language exposure. A total of 76 English majors completed a language proficiency test, an LCS inventory and a language exposure survey. Additionally, 60 of the participants answered 8 open-ended questions on their perceptions of LCS in online EMI lectures. The results of this mixed-methods approach showed that students used a wide variety of metacognitive, cognitive and socio-affective strategies to comprehend online EMI lectures. The students also seemed aware of the particularly challenging nature of online EMI lectures, and thus took several measures before, during and after class to facilitate comprehension. Additionally, the results showed that the students’ choice of LCS is partially dependent on their English language proficiency and exposure.
Supportive Work Environment and Teacher’s Innovative Work Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Informal Learning in Vietnam

This study aims to assess the relationship between the supportive work environment (SWE), informal learning (IFL), and the innovative work behaviour (IWB) of general school teachers. The stratified sampling method is used to select 471 teachers from general public schools in Vietnam. Data are analysed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique with AMOS 22. As per findings, a supportive work environment is critical to predicting teacher’ innovative work behaviour. Informal learning is a partially mediator in the relationship between the supportive work environment and innovative work behaviour. New findings are found regarding the impact of teachers’ informal learning on innovative teaching behaviour. Therefore, some recommendations for educational administrators are also included in the study to encourage innovative teaching behaviour through informal learning