Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Framework For Itu Next Generation Pons

Due to the higher number of Optical Network Units (ONU), the power dissipation of Next Generation Passive Optical Net - work (PON) has gradually risen. Several energy energy-saving schemes have been proposed by the International Telecom - munication Union (ITU) such as Cyclic Doze Mode (CDM) and Cyclic Sleep Mode (CSM). The performance of the small capacity devices (nodes) is relying on traffic advent or arrival rate and traffic threshold on which Local Wakeup Indication (LWI) ignited. Thus, an investigative model of ONU to review different CSM / CDM control schemes need extremely import - ant and as well as becoming a hot topic among the scientific community. The state-of-the-art models do not use the sleep buffer parameter that yields lower performance assessment of the CSM process at limited traffic advent rates. They are incapable to acquire the CSM / CDM process at the above traffic rates. The proposed work boosts the current Discrete-Time Markov Chain (DTMC) established power exhibit taking into account a parameter i.e. sleep buffer at each ONU. Addition - ally, it governs the LWI events at the ONU and as well as Optical Line Terminal (OLT). Furthermore, the suggested exhibit precisely measures the ONU sojourn in every CSM / CDM state, energy savings, and power dissipation of ONU which de - pends on the advent rate of traffic. According to the recommended model, a CSM / CDM framework is also supplemented to configure all the parameters effectively under the given average delay constraints.
On generalized recurrent Weyl spaces and Wong's conjecture

In (4), Y. -C Wong conjectured that the covariant derivative of the recurrence covector field of an anely connected recurrent space An with a torsion-free connection will be symmetric if and only if the Ricci tensor of An is symmetric. In (6), it is proved that for a Recurrent Weyl space with a non-vanishing scalar curvature the covariant derivative of the recurrence vector field is symmetric if and only if the Weyl mani- fold is locally Riemannian. In (7), De and Guha introduced Generalized Recurrent Riemannian manifolds and in (8), Singh and Khan studied the nature of the recurrence vectors appearing in the definition of the Gener- alized recurrent Riemannian manifold. In the present work, Generalized Recurrent Weyl manifolds are defined and proved that for a Generalized Recurrent Weyl manifold with a non-vanishing constant scalar curvature the covariant derivatives of the recurrence vector fields are both symmetric if and only if the Weyl manifold is locally Riemannian. Moreover, some results about hypersurfaces of Generalized Recurrent Weyl manifolds are obtained.
Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review

"Reviewing the literature is an essential part of every research project. This book takes you step-by-step through the process of approaching your literature review systematically, applying systematic principles to a wide range of literature review types. Through numerous examples, case studies and exercises, the book covers often neglected areas of literature review such as concept analysis, scoping and mapping"--Jacket.
Typeset Using Revt E X

Structural and electronic properties of the sodium tetrasilicate glass Na 2 Si 4 O 9 from classical and ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations. Abstract The structure and the electronic properties of a sodium tetrasilicate (Na 2 Si 4 O 9) glass were studied by combined Car-Parrinello and classical molecular-dynamics simulations. The glass sample was prepared using a method recently employed in a study of a silica glass [M. Benoit et al, Euro. Phys. J. B 13, 631 (2000)]. First we generated a NS4 glass by classical molecular-dynamics and then we took it as the initial configuration of a first-principles molecular-dynamics simulation. In the ab initio molecular-dynamics simulation, the electronic structure was computed in the framework of the Kohn-Sham density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation using a B-LYP functional. The Car-Parrinello dynamics is remarkably stable during the considered trajectory and, as soon as it is switched on, some significant structural changes occur. The ab initio description improves the comparison of the structural characteristics with experimental data, in particular concerning the Si-O and Na-O bond lengths. From an electronic point of view, we find that the introduction of the sodium oxide in the silica network lowers the band gap and leads to a highly non-localized effect on the charges of the network atoms.
Research Progress of Stress-Induced Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe-Based Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Alloys

Since it was discovered that stress annealing induced larger anisotropies compared to other annealing methods in amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys, there has been a lot of research done to explain this phenomenon. This has led to many suggestions about the origin of this stress-induced magnetic anisotropy, but till now the origin is explained with two competing models: the magnetoelastic effect model and the diatomic pair ordering model. In spite of these theories, the origin of the stress-induced anisotropy is still under discussion because direct observation of structural anisotropy is still lacking. In this paper, we have reviewed some of the characterization techniques which have been used to discuss the origin of stress-induced magnetic anisotropy and the progress which has been made thus far in unifying all the contrasting views which has been suggested to be the origin of the stress-induced anisotropy in FINEMET alloys.
Rethinking Zero-shot Video Classiﬁcation: End-to-end Training for Realistic Applications

Supplementary Table 1 compares the accuracy of three 3D convolutional backbones on two kinetics versions using our Training Protocol 1 (Sec. 4.2, Main Text). For this comparison we also tried using the full Kinetics 400/700 datasets, without removing overlapping test classes. The table shows that adding the 6% of the training classes most overlapping with the test set yields an unexpected >40% accuracy boost for UCF and 25% on HMDB. This proves that the zero-shot learning constraint is non-trivial.
Large Temperature Fluctuations due to Cold-Air Pool Displacement along the Lee Slope of a Desert Mountain

AbstractLarge temperature fluctuations (LTFs), defined as a drop of the near-surface temperature of at least 3°C in less than 30 min followed by a recovery of at least half of the initial drop, were frequently observed during the Mountain Terrain Atmospheric Modeling and Observations (MATERHORN) program. Temperature time series at over 100 surface stations were examined in an automated fashion to identify and characterize LTFs. LTFs occur almost exclusively at night and at locations elevated 50–100 m above the basin floors, such as the east slope of the isolated Granite Mountain (GM). Temperature drops associated with LTFs were as large as 13°C and were typically greatest at heights of 4–10 m AGL. Observations and numerical simulations suggest that LTFs are the result of complex flow interactions of stably stratified flow with a mountain barrier and a leeside cold-air pool (CAP). An orographic wake forms over GM when stably stratified southwesterly nocturnal flow impinges on GM and is blocked at low level.
Travel times, body waves, and normal modes of the earth

abstract This paper describes the physical relationship between the normal mode and ray representations of body waves, and develops equations and experimental procedures for analyzing body waves in terms of normal modes. For the simplest body waves considered, the horizontally-polarized shear waves S H and ( ScS ) H , the following equation relating the travel time curve to the phase velocity versus period curves corresponding to the various normal modes is derived: T = ( t − Δ d t / d Δ ) { I − 1 + [ ( T ) φ 2 − ( T ) φ 1 ] / 2 π } where T is the period corresponding to the phase velocity dΔ/ dt on the dispersion curve for the I th normal mode; t is the travel time corresponding to a distance Δ; and ϕ 1 ( T ) and ϕ 2 ( T ) are the spectral phases of a body wave at two successive points of reflection a distance Δ apart on a given ray path. The group velocity is given by: U = Δ t − { d [ ( T ) φ 2 − ( T ) φ 1 ] / d ω } I = const where ω is the angular frequency, 2π/ T . These equations are derived from a constructive phase interference requirement for successive reflections of body waves. They may also be applied to S v and PS waves over certain phase velocity ranges. T may be determined experimentally from the phase spectra of successive surface reflections of body waves of a given phase velocity (e.g., ScS at a distance Δ and ScSScS at a distance 2Δ). Analysis of S H and ( ScS ) H waves determines points on the torsional higher mode dispersion curves; and analysis of the S v or PS waves determines points on the spheroidal higher mode dispersion curves. Theoretical seismograms of multiply reflected ScS waves and actual seismograms of S , ScS and PS waves are analyzed to test and illustrate the method. Results are given for phase velocities ranging from 8 to 37 km/sec and for mode numbers ranging from 3 to more than 10. The limited results are in agreement with the shear velocity distribution of the Gutenberg model for a Caracas-Halifax path (Atlantic Ocean region) and with that of the Jeffreys model for a Bermuda-Alert path (partly Atlantic Ocean and partly Canadian shield). A method for rapid computation of approximate theoretical dispersion curves, based on the above equations, is presented.
Cooperative Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter based SLAM framework using Geometric Information and Inter-Robot Measurements

In unknown environments, multiple robots must have capabilities to sense and interpret their surroundings, and localize themselves before performing some missions such as exploring the mineral resources and rescuing people. It is usually called multi-robot simultaneous localization and mapping. To perform multi-robot SLAM more accurately, robots are required to build maps of their surroundings accurately. In addition, inter-robot measurements should be properly utilized in the SLAM process. In this dissertation, a novel Rao-Blackwellized particle filter based SLAM framework is presented using geometric information and inter-robot measurements for accurate multi-robot SLAM. For SLAM, a RaoBlackwellized particle filter (RBPF) is basically one of representative methods. It takes advantage of linear time-complexity which is linearly proportional to the number of features by factoring the full SLAM posterior into the product of a robot path posterior and landmark posteriors. Additionally, it deals with multihypothesis data association using particles with their own data association. They makes it more robust than extended Kalman filter based SLAM. The proposed SLAM framework is divided into two major parts. First, the RBPF is improved using cooperation among particles in case of single robot SLAM, which is called Relational RBPF-SLAM. Here, the framework basically follows the process of the factored solution to SLAM using the unscented Kalman filter (UFastSLAM), which is an accurate instance of RBPFSLAM. A concept of particle to particle cooperation is considered in the importance weight step and the resampling step to increase the SLAM accuracy and solve some inherent problems such as the particle depletion problem and the data association problem. The particle depletion problem is almost eliminated using the formation maintenance of particles which is controlled without any rejection or replication of particles during the resampling step. In addition, to overcome the data association problem, the posterior distribution is estimated more accurately by compensating improperly assigned weights of particles. Secondly, to reduce the accumulated robot pose errors and feature errors, inter-robot measurements are utilized in the proposed RBPF-SLAM framework. They can be measured when a rendezvous between robots occurs or robots share common features. To deal with the inter-robot measurements, a Kalman consensus filter scheme is involved in the proposed RBPF-SLAM framework, which is robust than the covariance intersection method. Several simulations and experiments show significant improvements of the proposed RBPF-SLAM framework in both the accuracy of robot poses and map quality by comparing the state of the art techniques, i.e. FastSLAM 2.0, particle swarm optimization (PSO) based FastSLAM, UFastSLAM, particle fission based UFastSLAM and PSO based UFastSLAM.
12-in-1: Multi-Task Vision and Language Representation Learning

Table 7 shows the number of images in the train+val and test sets before and after cleaning. Our cleaning process removes 13.02% of the total number of images on average. It is important to note that here we show the number of images per dataset and not the number of actual training samples. Different tasks have different number of training samples for each image. For details on training samples please refer to Table 8. We collect the union of all dataset test sets and remove any occurrence of these images from all training and validation sets; in this way we arrive at the Clean training and validation sets. With this strategy, the test sets of the original datasets are not modified in any way.
DATA ASSIMILATION IN A SOLAR DYNAMO MODEL USING ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTERS: SENSITIVITY AND ROBUSTNESS IN RECONSTRUCTION OF MERIDIONAL FLOW SPEED

We implement an Ensemble Kalman Filter procedure using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed for assimilating “synthetic” meridional flow-speed data in a Babcock–Leighton-type flux-transport solar dynamo model. By performing several “observing system simulation experiments,” we reconstruct time variation in meridional flow speed and analyze sensitivity and robustness of reconstruction. Using 192 ensemble members including 10 observations, each with 4% error, we find that flow speed is reconstructed best if observations of near-surface poloidal fields from low latitudes and tachocline toroidal fields from midlatitudes are assimilated. If observations include a mixture of poloidal and toroidal fields from different latitude locations, reconstruction is reasonably good for error in low-latitude data, even if observational error in polar region data becomes 200%, but deteriorates when observational error increases in low- and midlatitude data. Solar polar region observations are known to contain larger errors than those in low latitudes; our forward operator (a flux-transport dynamo model here) can sustain larger errors in polar region data, but is more sensitive to errors in low-latitude data. An optimal reconstruction is obtained if an assimilation interval of 15 days is used; 10- and 20-day assimilation intervals also give reasonably good results. Assimilation intervals days do not produce faithful reconstructions of flow speed, because the system requires a minimum time to develop dynamics to respond to flow variations. Reconstruction also deteriorates if an assimilation interval days is used, because the system’s inherent memory interferes with its short-term dynamics during a substantially long run without updating.
Properties of quantum stochastic walks from the asymptotic scaling exponent

This work focuses on the study of quantum stochastic walks, which are a generalization of coherent, i.e. unitary quantum walks. Our main goal is to present a measure of a coherence of the walk. To this end, we utilize the asymptotic scaling exponent of the second moment of the walk i.e. of the mean squared distance covered by a walk. As the quantum stochastic walk model encompasses both classical random walks and quantum walks, we are interested how the continuous change from one regime to the other influences the asymptotic scaling exponent. Moreover this model allows for behavior which is not found in any of the previously mentioned model – a model with global dissipation. We derive the probability distribution for the walker, and determine the asymptotic scaling exponent analytically, showing that ballistic regime of the walk is maintained even at large dissipation strength.
Research on scheduling of robotic transient survey for Antarctic Survey Telescopes (AST3)

Antarctic Survey Telescopes (AST3) are designed to be fully robotic telescopes at Dome A, Antarctica, which aim for highly efficient time-domain sky surveys as well as rapid response to special transient events (e.g., gamma-ray bursts, near-Earth asteroids, supernovae, etc.). Unlike traditional observations, a well-designed real-time survey scheduler is needed in order to implement an automatic survey in a very efficient, reliable and flexible way for the unattended telescopes. We present a study of the survey strategy for AST3 and implementation of its survey scheduler, which is also useful for other survey projects.
Electron– and positron–molecule scattering: development of the molecular convergent close-coupling method

Starting from first principles, this tutorial describes the development of the adiabatic-nuclei convergent close-coupling (CCC) method and its application to electron and (single-centre) positron scattering from diatomic molecules. We give full details of the single-centre expansion CCC method, namely the formulation of the molecular target structure; solving the momentum-space coupled-channel Lippmann–Schwinger equation; deriving adiabatic-nuclei cross sections and calculating V-matrix elements. Selected results are presented for electron and positron scattering from molecular hydrogen H2 and electron scattering from the vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen ion H 2 + and its isotopologues (D2+, T 2 + , HD+, HT+ and TD+). Convergence in both the close-coupling (target state) and projectile partial-wave expansions of fixed-nuclei electron– and positron–molecule scattering calculations is demonstrated over a broad energy-range and discussed in detail. In general, the CCC results are in good agreement with experiments.
J an 2 01 8 Verifying and Synthesizing Constant-Resource Implementations with Types

Side channel attacks have been used to extract critical data such as encryption keys and confidential user data in a variety of adversarial settings. In practice, this threat is addressed by adhering to a constant-time programming discipline, which imposes strict constraints on the way in which programs are written. This introduces an additional hurdle for programmers faced with the already difficult task of writing secure code, highlighting the need for solutions that give the same source-level guarantees while supporting more natural programming models. We propose a novel type system for verifying that programs correctly implement constant-resource behavior. Our type system extends recent work on automatic amortized resource analysis (AARA), a set of techniques that automatically derive provable upper bounds on the resource consumption of programs. We devise new techniques that build on the potential method to achieve compositionality, precision, and automation. A strict global requirement that a program always maintains constant resource usage is too restrictive for most practical applications. It is sufficient to require that the program’s resource behavior remain constant with respect to an attacker who is only allowed to observe part of the program’s state and behavior. To account for this, our type system incorporates information flow tracking into its resource analysis. This allows our system to certify programs that need to violate the constanttime requirement in certain cases, as long as doing so does not leak confidential information to attackers. We formalize this guarantee by defining a new notion of resource-aware noninterference, and prove that our system enforces it. Finally, we show how our type inference algorithm can be used to synthesize a constant-time implementation from one that cannot be verified as secure, effectively repairing insecure programs automatically. We also show how a second novel AARA system that computes lower bounds on resource usage can be used to derive quantitative bounds on the amount of information that a program leaks through its resource use. We implemented each of these systems in Resource Aware ML, and show that it can be applied to verify constant-time behavior in a number of applications including encryption and decryption routines, database queries, and other resourceaware functionality. Keywords-Language-based security; timing channels; information flow; resource analysis; static analysis
Conditional Density Estimation with Bayesian Normalizing Flows

Modeling complex conditional distributions is useful in a variety of settings. However, conditional density estimation (CDE) is challenging, in large part due to fundamental trade-offs between modeling distributional complexity, functional complexity and avoiding overfitting. We present a Bayesian method for CDE which uses normalizing flows to model complex predictive distributions and variational Bayesian neural networks to capture their changes throughout the space without overfitting. We validate our method on several small benchmark regression datasets on some of which we obtain state of the art performance. We demonstrate the scalability of this approach on a spatial density modeling task with over 1 million datapoints using the New York City yellow taxi dataset. On this task, our model provides constant time evaluation of fine-grained conditional probability densities.
ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY : AN ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF BRAZILIAN FAMILY FIRMS

JOÃO JOSÉ MATOS FERREIRA Doctor in Management from the Department Management and Economics at the Universidade da Beira Interior. Associate Professor for the Department of Management and Economics & NECE – Research Unit at the Universidade da Beira Interior. Estrada do Sineiro, s/n, Polo IV, Covilhã, Castelo Branco – Portugal – CEP 6200-209 E-mail: jjmf@ubi.pt RAM, REV. ADM. MACKENZIE (Mackenzie Management Review), 18(1) • SÃO PAULO, SP • JAN./FEB. 2017 ISSN 1678-6971 (electronic version) • http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/1678-69712017/administracao.v18n1p174-204. Submission: Sept. 6, 2016. Acceptance: Nov. 4, 2016. Evaluation system: double blind review. UNIVERSIDADE PRESBITERIANA MACKENZIE. Silvio Popadiuk (Editor), Rafael Barreiros Porto (Associate Editor), p. 174-204.
The effect of reconnection electric field on crescent and U-shaped distribution functions in asymmetric reconnection with no guide field

Electron distribution functions in the electron diffusion region in asymmetric reconnection without a guide field are studied by means of theory and 2-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The effect of the reconnection electric field on crescent-shaped distribution functions is to broaden the thickness of the crescent. We express the thickness of the crescent as a function of field strengths, the distance from the X-line, and the time electrons spend executing meandering orbits. The electron distribution at the reconnection X-line exhibits a U-shaped structure with an opening angle in the direction of the reconnection electric field. We predict the opening angle of the U-shaped distribution by considering acceleration of the meandering electrons by the reconnection electric field. Results from particle tracing in PIC simulations and theoretical analysis agree. The above predictions provide guidance to interpret measurements by spacecraft from electron diffusion regions in asymmetric reconnection.