Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The potential use of Drosophila as an in vivo model organism for COVID-19-related research: a review

The world urgently needs effective antiviral approaches against emerging viruses, as shown by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has become an exponentially growing health crisis. Scientists from diverse backgrounds have directed their efforts towards identifying key features of SARS-CoV-2 and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection. Reports of more transmissible variants of SARS-CoV-2 also raise concerns over the possibility of an explosive trajectory of the pandemic, so scientific attention should focus on developing new weapons to help win the fight against coronaviruses that may undergo further mutations in the future. Drosophila melanogaster offers a powerful and potential in vivo model that can significantly increase the efficiency of drug screening for viral and bacterial infections. Thanks to its genes with functional human homologs, Drosophila could play a significant role in such gene-editing studies geared towards designing vaccines and antiviral drugs for COVID-19. It can also help rectify current drawbacks of CRISPR-based therapeutics like off-target effects and delivery issues, representing another momentous step forward in healthcare. Here I present an overview of recent literature and the current state of knowledge, explaining how it can open up new avenues for Drosophila in our battle against infectious diseases.
Family ownership, family identity of CEO, and accounting conservatism: evidence from Taiwan

ABSTRACT This study investigates how variations in family ownership configurations and family identity of the CEO affect family firms’ accounting conservatism in the East Asian economy, Taiwan. To address this objective, this study extends the traditional agency perspective and employs a socioemotional wealth framework. Findings document that family ownership is positively associated with family firms’ accounting conservatism, whereas the degree of disparity between family cash flow and voting rights is negatively related to accounting conservatism. Additionally, family firms with a founder CEO are more likely to report conservatively than those with a descendent CEO. Our study expands the growing literature on how family owners’ corporate governance features affect financial reporting decisions.
Use of Satellite Data for Air Pollution Modeling in Bulgaria

Air pollution continues to be of concern for Bulgarian cities, mainly due to particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 μm (PM10). There is public and expert interest in the improvement of two operational air quality modeling systems: the Bulgarian Chemical Weather Forecast System (BgCWFS) and the Local Air Quality Management System (LAQMS) for the city of Plovdiv. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of satellite data assimilation in BgCWFS on surface concentrations over Bulgaria (resolution 9 km), to downscale BgCWFS output to LAQMS (resolution 250 m), and to examine effects on PM10 in Plovdiv. Data from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) (MetOP satellites) for aerosols, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were assimilated in BgCWFS using objective analysis. Simulation experiments with and without satellite data were conducted for a summer and a winter month. The comparison to surface observations in the country showed improvement of results when using satellite data, especially in the summer due to mineral dust events captured by satellites. The decrease in the normalized mean bias (NMB) over the two months was 43% (PM10) and 73% (SO2). The LAQMS estimated background contributions to PM10 in the city as 32%. The absolute NMB by LAQMS decreased by 38%.
Examining the Factors Influencing Repurchase Intention in Using Lion Air

The purpose of this study is to determine whether service quality, brand image, brand trust, and flight experience have influence towards repurchase intention in using Lion Air. This study is using quantitative method with 7 Likert-scale, from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The statements are adopted from various prior research. The data was distributed by online and directly to the person. The total sample used in this study is 347 respondents who ever flied with Lion Air at least twice from January 2019 to October 2019. The data was tested by using statistical software for validity and reliability and using Structural Equation Model for model fit and hypothesis testing. The findings indicate the factors that influencing customers repurchase intention in using Lion Air. Out of 6 hypotheses there are 4 hypotheses that are has a significant relationship which are service quality towards brand image, service quality towards brand trust, brand image towards brand trust, and brand trust towards repurchase intention. Meanwhile, the rest 2 hypotheses are found to be not significant, which are flight experience towards brand trust and brand image towards repurchase intention. There are many factors why it is rejected, such as price, needs, influence from others, the choice of routes, and frequent flight frequencies. This study is the first study that combine flight experience factor in determining customer repurchase intention in using Lion Air.
Democratic Backsliding and the Instrumentalization of Women's Rights in Turkey

Abstract This article examines the instrumentalization of women's rights and the transformation of the gender rights regime in the context of democratic backsliding in Turkey. I show how the Islamically rooted Justice and Development Party governments and their allies used women's rights in constructing authoritarian rule and promoting a conservative gender agenda. The governing elites had different needs at different political stages and instrumentalized women's rights to meet those needs. First, they needed to legitimize their rule in a secular context, so they expanded liberal laws on women's rights. Second, in the process of backsliding, they sought to construct and legitimize their conservative ideology, so they reinterpreted existing laws to promote conservative goals. Finally, they wanted to mobilize conservative women in support of the newly authoritarian regime, so they built new institutions and marginalized existing women's NGOs. The article contributes to the literature on regime types and gender rights by shifting the focus from regime type to regime change.
Late Miocene Onset of Tasman Leakage and Southern Hemisphere Supergyre Ushers in Near‐Modern Circulation

This study provides a Miocene‐to‐recent history of Tasman Leakage (TL), driving surface‐to‐intermediate waters from the Pacific into the Indian Ocean. TL, in addition to Indonesian ThroughFlow (ITF), constitutes an important part of the Southern Hemisphere Supergyre. Here, we employ deep‐sea benthic δ13C timeseries from the southwestern Pacific and eastern Indian Oceans to identify the history of Tasman Leakage. The δ13C results combined with sedimentary evidence show that an inter‐ocean connection south of Australia existed from 7 Ma onward. A southward shift in Westerlies combined with a northward movement of Australia created the oceanic corridor necessary for Tasman Leakage (between Australia and the sub‐Antarctic Front) at this time. Furthermore, changes in the northern limb of the Supergyre (ITF) are evident in the sedimentary record on Broken Ridge from ∼3 to 2 Ma when Banda Sea intermediate waters started originating from the North Pacific.
Study of DNA Interaction and Cytotoxicity Activity of Oxidovanadium(V) Complexes with ONO Donor Schiff Base Ligands

Two new oxidovanadium(V) complexes, (HNEt3)[VVO2L] (1) and [(VVOL)2μ-O] (2), have been synthesized using a tridentate Schiff base ligand H2L [where H2L = 4-((E)-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenylimino)methyl)benzene-1,3-diol] and VO(acac)2 as starting metal precursor. The ligand and corresponding metal complexes are characterized by physicochemical (elemental analysis), spectroscopic (FT-IR, UV–Vis, and NMR), and spectrometric (ESI–MS) methods. X-ray crystallographic analysis indicates the anion in salt 1 features a distorted square-pyramidal geometry for the vanadium(V) center defined by imine-N, two phenoxide-O, and two oxido-O atoms. The interaction of the compounds with CT–DNA was studied through UV–Vis absorption titration and circular dichroism methods. The results indicated that complexes showed enhanced binding affinity towards DNA compared to the ligand molecule. Finally, the in vitro cytotoxicity studies of H2L, 1, and 2 were evaluated against colon cancer (HT-29) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines by MTT assay. The results demonstrated that the compounds manifested a cytotoxic potential comparable with clinically referred drugs and caused cell death by apoptosis.
The Impact of Taking Family Leaves Across Finnish Fathers' Wage Distribution

Abstract:Evidence is mixed as to whether less- or more-advantaged fathers suffer penalties for taking paid family leave and the reasons for this. Perhaps selection into taking leave differs among fathers, or taking leave increases some fathers' commitment to family over paid work, or taking it sends a negative signal to employers about future work-family priorities. We contribute to the literature by distinguishing between the initial paternity leave taken by the majority of fathers, and subsequent solo paternal leave taken by fewer fathers that indicates and signals greater family commitment. We also develop competing hypotheses about why low- or high-wage fathers may be penalized more for taking family leave. These are tested analyzing 2001 to 2014 waves of Finnish administrative panel data using unconditional quantile regression with various fixed-effects models. Net of selection, no fathers incur a sustained wage penalty for taking paternity leave, although distributed fixed-effects models reveal the highestwage fathers receive a temporary penalty that we attribute to signaling. All fathers who also take solo paternal leave have decreasing post-leave wage trajectories. Only lower-wage fathers accrue significant penalties, however, suggesting that taking the leave shifts their priorities more toward family. We conclude the repercussions of taking shorter or longer family leaves and their sources differ across fathers' wage distribution.
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Perioperative Neurocognitive Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the effect of DEX on delayed dNCR (cognitive dysfunction ≥ 1 week postoperative) after cardiac surgery. Background: DEX has salutary effects on cognitive outcomes following cardiac surgery, however, studies are limited by inconsistent assessment tools, timing, and definitions of dysfunction. It is imperative to identify accurate point estimates of effect of DEX on clinically relevant changes in cognitive function. Methods: Randomized trials of adults undergoing cardiac surgery comparing perioperative DEX to placebo or alternate sedation and assessing cognitive function ≥ 1 week postoperative were included. Data was abstracted by three reviewers independently and in parallel according to PRISMA guidelines. The primary outcome is dNCR. To classify as dNCR, cognitive function must decrease by at least the minimal clinically important difference or accepted alternate measure (eg, Reliable Change Index ≥1.96). Bias was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Data was pooled using a random effects model. Results: Nine trials (942 participants) were included in qualitative analysis, of which seven were included in the meta-analysis of dNCR. DEX reduced the incidence of dNCR (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.25–0.61, P < 0.0001) compared to placebo/no DEX. There was no difference in the incidence of delirium (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.35–1.34, P = 0.27) or incidence of hemodynamic instability (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.59–2.18, P = 0.70) associated with perioperative DEX. Conclusions: DEX reduced the incidence of dNCR 1 week after cardiac surgery. Although this meta-analysis demonstrates short term cognitive outcomes are improved after cardiac surgery with perioperative DEX, future trials examining long term cognitive outcomes, using robust cognitive assessments, and new perioperative neurocognitive disorders nomenclature with objective diagnostic criteria are necessary.
Risk Factors Related to Falling in Patients after Stroke

Background: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with falling in post stroke patients. Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 561 neurology patients hospitalized for a stroke and divided into two groups: falling patients and non-falling patients. They referred to the Special Hospital for Cerebrovascular Diseases “Sveti Sava” in Belgrade, Serbia, from 2018–2019. Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine socio-economic factors associated with predictors of unmet healthcare needs. Results: A significant difference was seen in the length of hospitalization of falling patients compared to the non-falling (P<0.001). We established statistically significant differences in mental status (P<0.001), sensibility (P=0.016), depressed mood (P<0.001), early (P=0.001) and medium insomnia (P=0.042), psychomotor slowness (P=0.030), somatic anxiety (P=0.044) and memory (P<0.001). Conclusion: Cerebrovascular disease distribution and the degree of neurological deficit primarily altered mental status, which could be recognized as one of the more important predictors for falling after stroke. The identification of risk factors may be a first step toward the design of intervention programs for preventing a future fall among hospitalized stroke patients.
Substitution of milk allergen ingredient by blood plasma powder in custard with different sweeteners

Animal blood is a by-product, which can be utilized in a value-adding way instead of being wasted. Allergen substitution is a good possibility especially for a substance that is difficult to substitute, such as milk. Blood plasma is a fluid with high protein content without blood (iron) taste and colour, so it is similar to milk in several ways. While investigating the substitution of milk, it is advisable to investigate the substitution of sugar as well because a lot of consumers who exclude milk from their diet find the glycaemic index and energy content of foods important. The investigated model food is a simple, homogeneous matrix: vanilla custard with milk and with and without sugar and vanilla custard with blood plasma and with and without sugar. Colour, pH and rheological attributes of custard sample groups were measured. According to the results the used protein source as well as sweetener significantly determine the colour, pH and texture of the final product. However, colour and pH are easy to change with other components (food colours, acidity regulators) and the effect of milk and sugar substitution on rheological attributes might not be possible to detect without instrumental analysis.
Modeling and Analysis of Electromagnetic Field and Temperature Field of Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor for Automobiles

In order to study the interaction of electromagnetic fields and temperature fields in a motor, the iron loss curve at different frequencies of silicon steel and the B-H curve at different temperatures of the permanent magnet (PM) were obtained to establish the electromagnetic model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Then, unidirectional and bidirectional coupling models were established and analyzed based on the multi-physical field. By establishing a bidirectional coupling model, the temperature field distribution and electromagnetic characteristics of the motor were analyzed. The interaction between temperature and electromagnetic field was studied. Finally, the temperature of the PMSM was tested. The results showed that the bidirectional coupling results were closer to the test result because of the consideration of the interaction between electromagnetic and thermal fields.
Response to COVID‐19 in social welfare facilities and the psychological state of social workers in South Korea: The mediating role of satisfaction with government

Abstract This paper investigated associations between COVID‐19 responses in social welfare facilities and the psychological state of social workers together with the potential mediating role of satisfaction with the government. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, following government guidelines, social workers have continued to provide social services to the vulnerable groups. However, no research has been conducted focusing on their psychological state. A cross‐sectional survey was carried out in Incheon Metropolitan City, South Korea. Data from 332 participants were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Supplementary in‐depth interviews were conducted with social workers. Analysis results show that higher levels of preventive measures against COVID‐19 directly worsen levels of well‐being, but this negative effect is offset by the satisfaction with the government (β = .383, p < .001). In social workers, satisfaction with the government fully mediates the influence of preventive measures toward reduced negative emotionality (β = −.288, p < .001). The implications of this study suggest that the government's active response to the social welfare sector is important to alleviate the negative psychological consequences of social workers.
Labour Market Segmentation within Ethnic Economies: The Ethnic Penalty for Invisible Kurdish Migrants in the United Kingdom

Despite the extensive literature on the labour market outcomes of migration, little attention has been given to labour market inequalities within ethnic economies containing internal ethnicity. This article, using a field-study, multi-segmented labour market approach and the enclave hypothesis, contributes to the literature by demonstrating the key roles of different migration patterns and ethnic disparities in shaping labour market segmentation. It focuses on how and why Kurdish migrants are located in the lower segments of the labour market in their shared ethnic (migrant) economy in London. It argues that the Kurds’ underprivileged position associated with an ethnic penalty for them in the UK results from their relatively recent migration history, (un)documented asylum status and the ongoing persecution against them in Turkey. The article concludes that different migration histories, particular motivations for migration and ethnic disparities stratify migrants into distinct segments of the labour market in the country of destination.
Patterns of abundance reveal evidence of translocation and climate effects on Houbara bustard population recovery

Population reinforcement, through translocations of individuals, aims to restore populations of threatened species. The increase in population size or geographic distribution is often used as positive facts when assessing the recovery of a species, making abundance monitoring a major criterion. Based on 8‐year monitoring of a reinforced population of North African Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata undulata), over an area of 50 170 km² in the eastern region of Morocco, we assessed the success of management actions by assessing spatial and temporal variation in abundance as well as the factors driving this variation. We used count data to estimate and spatialize population abundance. We then assessed environmental (climate) and management covariates (release effort and hunting management) associated with temporal and spatial variation in abundance. The overall estimate of abundance in the study area was 16 918 individuals (95% CI = 13 629–21 027) over our study period, with strong variation between years (range = 10 409–32 401). Our results highlighted strong spatial heterogeneity over the study area, linked to spatial variation in local climate and management conditions. Local abundances were negatively associated with local temperature, were higher in hunting than in non‐hunting areas, and were positively influenced by the number of birds released around the focal point. In addition to describing the spatio‐temporal variation in the abundance of the species on a large scale, we estimated two major proxies of its conservation status: population size and population trend. The determination of these proxies and the comparison with the counterfactual state of the species confirms the beneficial impact of the restoration and protection program on the dynamics of the North African Houbara bustard, while underlining the dependence of these dynamics on ongoing management.
Climate clubs: politically feasible and desirable?

ABSTRACT The idea of a stringent climate club, once the reserve of academic debates, is quickly gaining ground in international policy circles. This reflects dissatisfaction with the multilateral UNFCCC process, but also hope that a minilateral club could increase climate policy ambition, reinvigorate the Paris Agreement process, and make future emissions pledges stick. With the Biden Presidency renewing the US commitment toward climate action and the European Green Deal proposal for carbon border tariffs, some are advocating the creation of a transatlantic climate club. What could a club approach hope to achieve, and what do we know about its political feasibility and desirability? In this article, we seek conceptual clarification by establishing a typology of different club models; we inject a greater sense of political realism into current debates on the feasibility of these models; and we consider their legitimacy in the context of international climate cooperation. Key policy insights Knowledge gaps and confusion regarding the nature of climate clubs hold back debates about what intergovernmental clubs can contribute to international climate policy. Club design matters: existing club models vary in terms of the proposed size, purpose, operational principles, legal strength, and relationship to the UNFCCC. Clubs focused on normative commitments face low barriers to establishment. They lack legal strength but can help raise policy ambition. Clubs aimed at negotiating targets and measures can increase bargaining efficiency, but struggle to deal with equity and distributional conflicts. Clubs seeking to change incentives via club benefits and sanctions face the highest hurdles to implementation. Their promise to tackle free-riding remains untested and difficult to achieve. Climate clubs face an international legitimacy deficit. Any club proposal needs to consider how to add to, and not distract from, the multilateral climate regime.