Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ontario Public Library Websites and the Framing of Disability

An environment may be technically accessible, in that it complies with accessibility legislation or makes space for those with disabilities, but that does not guarantee equality. A space or experience can be technically accessible according to a standard and still be unusable, difficult to use or not perceived to be inclusive of those with disabilities. This research takes this understanding of ‘technically accessible’ in order to examine a set of medium-sized Ontario public library websites. Overall, findings are promising as the websites use person-first language and provide a variety of information of value for those with disabilities. At the same time, there are opportunities for improvement.
“When I get older, I wanna be an entrepreneur”: the impact of disability and dyslexia on entrepreneurial self-efficacy perception

PurposeThis article contributes to the literature on entrepreneurship for people with disabilities through a better understanding of the impact of entrepreneurial self-efficacy perceptions on entrepreneurial intentions in populations with lower levels of self-esteem. It investigates the entrepreneurial intention and self-efficacy of a population of students suffering from dyslexia, which is a learning disability.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on the study of a data set of 796 male and female adolescents in the USA, aged 13–19 years, both with and without dyslexia. The sample is a convenient one. The whole sample replied to the questionnaire on their self-efficacy perception and their intention to create, one day, their own venture. They also self-declare their dyslexia. Regressions have been conducted to answer the research question.FindingsResults show that having dyslexia has a negative impact on entrepreneurial self-efficacy perceptions. They also reveal that self-efficacy perceptions mediate the relationship between dyslexia and entrepreneurial intentions and their three antecedents (social norms, control behavior and perceived ability). Research limitations/implicationsThe sample is composed of students from private schools and might socially be biased.Practical implicationsOur findings relaunch the debate on the necessity to develop education programs that consider the personal-level variables of students, specifically the development of entrepreneurial self-efficacy among adolescents with disabilitiesSocial implicationsSuch findings should help to better understand students who are suffering from dyslexia and help them find a place in society and economic life.Originality/valueThis is so far the first study that has been conducted on dyslexic adolescents.
Small‐band gap halide double perovskite for optoelectronic properties

The long‐term instability and the existence of toxic lead have hindered the commercialization of photovoltaic devices. Perovskites offer a multitude of crystallographic configurations and substituents that portend the promise of enhanced device performance, while resolving concerns of stability and toxicity. During past few years, lead free perovskites have emerged the most promising photovoltaic materials. Herein, we reported new lead‐free organic perovskites by first principle calculation with possible application in optoelectronic and spintronic devices. The new halide double perovskites Cs2GeVX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) has a smallest band gap ranging from 2 to 3 eV suitable for optoelectronic application in visible as well as UV region. Band profile reveals semiconducting nature of these materials with high values of magnetic moment. Stability of these alloys is determined by calculating the elastic constants. These materials owe brilliant intrinsic properties because of large number of nearest neighboring magnetic ions and strong coupling between various d, s, p orbitals. Our finding will pave a way for future experimentalists for designing and tuning of new‐type Pb‐free halide perovskite for optoelectronic application.
Inherent structures of crystalline pentacene

Using a quasi-Monte Carlo scheme, we search the potential energy surface of crystalline pentacene to sample its local minima, which represent the “inherent” structures, i.e., the possible configurations of mechanical equilibrium. The system is described in terms of rigid molecules interacting through a standard atom–atom potential model. Several hundreds of distinct minima are encountered, with a surprising variety of structural arrangements. We find that deep minima are easily accessible because they exhibit a favorable energy distribution and their attraction basins tend to be wide. Thanks to these features of the potential surface, the localization the global minimum becomes entirely feasible, allowing reliable a priori predictions of the crystallographic structures. The results for pentacene are very satisfactory. In fact, the two deepest minima correspond to the structures of the two known experimental polymorphs, which are described correctly. Further polymorphs are also likely to exist.
Genotypic Difference in Aluminum Resistance and Oxalate Exudation of Buckwheat

Abstract Genotypic difference in aluminum (Al) resistance of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) was first tested using a simple salt solution (0.5 mM CaCl2) containing 25 µM AlCl3. Two contrasting genotypes, resistant 92‐1 vs. sensitive Liangqiao 1, were selected out of five, and further tested by a long‐term Al treatment in 1/5 strength of Hoagland solution. Consistent results were obtained by the two methods although much higher Al3+ concentration was needed to cause the genotypic difference in the culture solution (up to 2000 µM compared with 25 µM Al3+ in simple salt solution). Oxalate content and exudation was decreased when the plants were subjected to the long‐term Al treatment of both genotypes, 92‐1, however, excreted more oxalate than Liangqiao 1 either in Al‐treated or non‐treated plants. If the plants were treated with 100 µM Al3+ in 0.5 mM CaCl2 solution for 24 h, oxalate exudation was very significantly induced: 4‐fold increase for 92‐1 and 1‐fold increase for Liangqiao 1. This supports the previous report that Al‐induced oxalate exudation is a rapid response and may not last a long time. It is, therefore, suggested that the constitutive excreted and internal oxalate may be able to contribute more than the induced oxalate in copying with Al toxicity as well as conferring the genotypic difference especially when the stress is strong and lasting.
ATTACHMENT STYLES AS PREDICTORS OF ADAPTATION STRATEGIES OF AFRICAN IMMIGRANTS IN UNITED KINGDOM

People who migrate from their countries to foreign countries with their culture and values consciously or unconsciously elect how they would interact with the people in the new location, though, this is largely determined by the acculturation strategy adopted by the individuals. The present study investigates the extent to which attachment style influences how individuals who relocates to another country adapts to the culture in their new environment. The study focuses on four identified attachment styles in social psychological literature which includes: secure attachment, fearful, dismissive and preoccupied attachment styles and their influence on adaptations, i.e. integration, marginalisation, separation and assimilation.The study was conducted online. Nigerians and other African immigrants residing in London were invited to fill an online questionnaire. Snowball approach was used to get respondents who were 3000 in all. The two measures adopted in the research included: Attachment Styles Scales developed by Hazen & Shaver (1987) and Acculturation Strategy Scale developed by (Berry 1994). The data collected was analysed using a Simple Regression analysis, Chi square and Pearson coefficient correlation analysis. The results of the hypotheses tested showed that secure attachment style has a significant influence on the adoption of integration strategy in acculturation, the study also found a significant positive relationship between fearful attachment style and separation adaptation strategy. Moreover, preoccupied attachment style was found to be significantly related to marginalisation strategy. However, the result was unable to find any significant relationship between dismissive style and marginalisation strategy. The study discussed the implications of the findings on intergroup relations of migrants and their hosts.
Impact of two non-nutritive sucking patterns on the development of anterior open bite in children of two kindergartens in Baghdad city

Background: Non-nutritive sucking habit (NNSH) is the main environmental causative factor that disturbs normal orofacial development. In spite of the harmful effect of pacifier as a NNSH, mothers aware from the other types of NNSH like thumb sucking far more than pacifier use. Open bite is one of the most challenging malocclusions in orthodontics due to the high prevalence of relapse after treatment, so preventing the causative factor of its occurrence is essential at early age of child life. This study aims to assess the impact of two non-nutritive patterns on the development of anterior open bite in primary dentition and to compare which of these habits mostly affect open bite development. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 313 Iraqi children (135 boys, 178 girls), aged 3-5 years, enrolled at two public kindergartens in Baghdad city, the Capital of Iraq. A pre-tested questionnaire with clinical examination were used to obtain data regarding thumb sucking, pacifier and the presence of open bite. Excel sheets were used for data processing, and Chi square test was used in data analysis. Results: There was a significant association between NNSH and the development of open bite (p value = 0.01). No gender differences in open bite prevalence were observed. The prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and open bite was 63.11% and 52.9% respectively with no gender difference. There was no significant differences between the effect of pacifier and thumb sucking habits on the development of an anterior open bite. Conclusion: Both pacifier and thumb sucking at preschool age are significant causative factors that lead to development of open bite in primary dentition. Encouraging mothers to ban and discontinue pacifier and thumb sucking habits as early as possible in the child's life is a crucial factor to prevent open bite development. On the other hand if general health of the child indicates the use of pacifier, mothers should use an orthodontic pacifier and for short time
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus among Voluntary Blood Donors in Nairobi County, Kenya: A Pilot Study

Hepatitis E is a common infection caused by the Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a primarily enteric virus. HEV disease is mainly spread via stool contamination of water and food supplies. The virus has recently been identified as a global threat to blood safety. The seroprevalence of HEV among blood donors in Kenya remains unknown. This study was carried out as a pilot study to determine the seroprevalence of the virus among blood donors at Nairobi Blood Transfusion Center during the period from September 2018 to January 2019. A total of three hundred and fifty eight (n = 358) plasma samples were used in this study. The plasma was tested for HEV IgM and IgG antibody using a qualitative membrane-based immunoassay (Biopanda reagents Belfast UK). Demographic characteristics of the blood donors were also collected. The age of the blood donors ranged from 16 to 61 years with a mean age of 29 years (±14). Of the study subjects, 36% (n = 130) were females while 64% (n = 228) were males. Overall, 10.6% (38) and 7.8% (28) of the samples were HEV IgG and IgM seropositive respectively. Anti-HEV was distributed among all age groups; however donors aged 20 - 40 years had the highest prevalence. This study shows a relatively high prevalence of anti-HEV among healthy blood donors in Nairobi, Kenya. Further studies would be needed in other population groups to assess the potential benefit of incorporating HEV screening of blood products to the current blood donor selection criteria. Moreover, further studies to determine the circulating genotypes of HEV among this group are required for epidemiological reasons.
Value Relevance of Accounts Receivable Factoring and Its Impact on Financing Strategy under the K-IFRS after COVID-19 from the Perspective of Accounting Big Data

This study investigates whether recognized accounts receivable (AR) factoring is more value relevant than disclosed AR factoring. After the adoption of the Korean International Financial Reporting Standards (K-IFRS), AR factoring is recognized as short-term debt, thus increasing firms’ leverage ratio. Using cross-sectional equity valuation regressions, we find that recognized AR factoring is value relevant, unlike disclosed AR factoring. Moreover, the market value of equity and AR factoring are more significantly correlated in highly leveraged firms than in less-leveraged ones. Accounting data are important from the perspective of big data. In the accounting industry as well, professionals started realizing the implications of big data. The COVID-19 pandemic has created a health crisis and wreaked havoc in an already-fragile global economy. Although there is no way to predict exactly what the economic damage from the COVID-19 pandemic will be, there must be widespread agreement that it will have severe financial impact on every company. Global financial markets have suffered dramatic falls due to the pandemic, and highly leveraged companies are in serious need of financing. While diving deeper, sound debt management and debt transparency are critical to ensure debt sustainability. Thus, companies would be willing to use AR factoring in order to overcome this financial status. This study also shows that highly leveraged firms decrease AR factoring after K-IFRS adoption.
Implications of Temperate Agroforestry on Sheep and Cattle Productivity, Environmental Impacts and Enterprise Economics. A Systematic Evidence Map

The environmental impacts of ruminant livestock farming need to be mitigated to improve the sustainability of food production. These negative impacts have been compounded by the increased spatial and cultural separation of farming and forestry across multiple temperate landscapes and contexts over recent centuries, and could at least in part be alleviated by re-integration of livestock and trees via agroforestry systems. Such integration also has the potential to benefit the productivity and economics of livestock farming. However, the delivery of hoped-for benefits is highly likely to depend on context, which will necessitate the consideration of local synergies and trade-offs. Evaluating the extensive body of research on the synergies and trade-offs between agroforestry and environmental, productivity and economic indicators would provide a resource to support context-specific decision making by land managers. Here, we present a systematic evidence map of academic and grey literature to address the question “What are the impacts of temperate agroforestry systems on sheep and cattle productivity, environmental impacts and farm economic viability? ”. We followed good practice guidance from the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence to find and select relevant studies to create an interactive systematic map. We identified 289 relevant studies from 22 countries across temperate regions of North and South America, Australasia and Europe. Our preliminary synthesis indicates that there is an emerging evidence base to demonstrate that temperate agroforestry can deliver environmental and economic benefits compared with pasture without trees. However, to date measures of livestock productivity (particularly weather-related mortality and heat- and cold-stress) have received insufficient attention in many temperate agroforestry systems. The evidence base assembled through this work provides a freely accessible resource applicable across temperate regions to support context-specific decision making.
Effect of Bridging Groups on Sulfonated Poly(imide-Siloxane) for Application in Proton Exchange Membrane

A series of six-membered sulfonated poly(imide-siloxane)s (SPIs) was synthesized using 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA), aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 2,2-benzidinedisulfonic acid (BDSA), as the sulfonation target diamine groups, and various nonsulfonated diamine monomers behaving as bridging groups. The structure-property relationship of SPI-SXx membranes is discussed in detail according to the chemical structure of the various nonsulfonated diamines of the SPI-SXx membranes from the viewpoints of proton conductivity ion exchange capacity (IEC), and membrane properties (water uptake and membrane swelling) at equal PDMS content SPI-SXx. The PDMS was introduced to enhance the proton conductivity and water uptake attributed from the high flexibility of the siloxane segments. The conductivity and water uptake of angled SPI-SXm and oxydianiline-based SPI-SX membranes (SPI-SXO) are greater than those prepared from diaminodiphenylmethane-based SPI-SX membranes (SPI-SXD) at a given IEC. These differences resulted from the increased number of entanglements of the SPI-SXx membrane. The SPI-SXD showed almost isotropically dimensional changes with the increase in water uptake, and the volume were slightly smaller than those estimated from the additivity rule. Free volume in the SPI-SXx increased with the increase in bulky irregular packing in nonsulfonated segments, which augmented the water uptake and, in turn, the conductivity of the polymer. With the increase in temperature, conductivity increased more rapidly in SPI-SXx than in Nafion 117. Microscopic analyses revealed that these smaller (<10 nm) and well-dispersed hydrophilic domains contribute to better proton conducting properties. The new sulfonated poly(imide-siloxane)s have proved to be a possible candidate as the polymer electrolyte membrane for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs).
Belatacept-based immunosuppressive regimen in HIV-positive kidney transplant recipients

Abstract Background Kidney allograft survival in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients is lower than that in the general population. Belatacept increases long-term patient and allograft survival rates when compared with calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs). Its use in HIV-positive recipients remains poorly documented. Methods We retrospectively report a French cohort of HIV-positive kidney allograft recipients who were switched from CNI to belatacept, between June 2012 and December 2018. Patient and allograft survival rates, HIV immunovirological and clinical outcomes, acute rejection, opportunistic infections (OIs) and HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) were analysed at 3 and 12 months, and at the end of follow-up (last clinical visit attended after transplantation). Results were compared with HIV-positive recipients group treated with CNI. Results Twelve patients were switched to belatacept 10 (2–25) months after transplantation. One year after belatacept therapy, patient and allograft survival rates scored 92% for both, two (17%) HIV virological rebounds occurred due to antiretroviral therapy non-compliance, and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts remained stable over time. Serious adverse events included two (17%) acute steroid-resistant T-cell-mediated rejections and three (25%) OIs. Kidney allograft function significantly increased over the 12 post-switch months (P = 0.009), and DSAs remained stable at 12 months after treatment. The control group showed similar results in terms of patient and kidney allograft survival rates, DSA characteristics and proteinuria Conclusions Switch from CNI to belatacept can be considered safe and may increase long-term kidney allograft survival in HIV-positive kidney allograft recipients. These results need to be confirmed in a larger cohort.
Modified Gingival Index (MGI) Classification Using Dental Selfies

Background: Gum diseases are prevalent in a large proportion of the population worldwide. Unfortunately, most people do not follow a regular dental checkup schedule, and only seek treatment when experiencing acute pain. We aim to provide a system for classifying gum health status based on the MGI (Modified Gingival Index) score using dental selfies alone. Method: The input to our method is a manually cropped tooth image and the output is the MGI classification of gum health status. Our method consists of a cascade of two stages of robust, accurate, and highly optimized binary classifiers optimized per tooth position. Results: Dataset constructed from a pilot study of 44 participants taking dental selfies using our iGAM app. From each such dental selfie, eight single-tooth images were manually cropped, producing a total of 1520 images. The MGI score for each image was determined by a single examiner dentist. On a held-out test-set our method achieved an average AUC (Area Under the Curve) score of 95%. Conclusion: The paper presents a new method capable of accurately classifying gum health status based on the MGI score given a single dental selfie. Enabling personal monitoring of gum health—particularly useful when face-to-face consultations are not possible.
Collective vibrational spectra of α- and γ-glycine studied by terahertz and Raman spectroscopy

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is used to investigate the absorption and dispersion of polycrystalline α- and γ-glycine in the spectral region 0.5–3.0 THz. The spectra exhibit distinct features in these two crystalline phases. The observed far-infrared responses are attributed to intermolecular vibrational modes mediated by hydrogen bonds. We also measure the Raman spectra of the polycrystalline and dissolved glycine in the frequency range 28–3900 cm−1. The results show that all the vibrational modes below 200 cm−1 are nonlocalized but are of a collective (phonon-like) nature. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of the Raman spectra of α-glycine agrees with the anharmonicity mechanism of the vibrational potentials.
A threatened species index for Australian birds

Quantifying species population trends is crucial for monitoring progress towards global conservation targets, justifying investments, planning targeted responses and raising awareness about threatened species. Many global indicators are slow in response and report on common species, not on those at greatest risk of extinction. Here we develop a Threatened Species Index as a dynamic tool for tracking annual changes in Australia's imperiled birds. Based on the Living Planet Index method and containing more than 17,000 time series for 65 bird taxa surveyed systematically, the index at its second iteration shows an average reduction of 59% between 1985 and 2016, and 44% between 2000 and 2016. Decreases seem most severe for shorebirds and terrestrial birds and least severe for seabirds. The index provides a potential means for measuring performance against the Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 12, enabling governments, agencies and the public to observe changes in threatened species.
Ab initio studies of cyclic water clusters (H2O)n, n=1–6. II. Analysis of many‐body interactions

The magnitudes of the two‐ through six‐body energy terms and their contribution to the interaction energy of small ring water clusters (n=2–6) are computed at the Hartree–Fock (HF) and second‐ through fourth‐order many‐body perturbation (MP2, MP4) levels of theory. The analysis is performed at the minimum energy geometries reported earlier [J. Chem. Phys. 99, 8774 (1993)]. The correlation correction is found to account for a 10%–20% increase in the individual two‐body terms and a much larger increase of 75% for the three‐body and 200% for the small four‐body terms. The MP4 results are found to differ only slightly (<2%) from the corresponding MP2 results. We have found that three‐body terms have a significant contribution as high as 30% to the interaction energy of the larger clusters and that four‐body and higher order terms are negligible. The total and incremental association energies for the processes n H2O→(H2O)n and (H2O)n−1+H2O→(H2O)n, n=2–6 are also reported.