Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Job Applications and Labor Market Flows∗

Improvements in search technology have led to an increase in worker applications over time. Concomitantly, unemployment inflow rates have declined sharply, with no longrun change in job-finding rates. To explain these trends, we introduce a search model with multiple applications and costly information acquisition. When workers send more applications, the model predicts that firms invest more in finding good matches, leading to fewer separations, while workers become choosier about which offers they accept, mitigating the rise in job-finding rates. Quantitatively, the model replicates the empirical trends in unemployment flows both in the aggregate and across groups. To validate our model’s mechanisms, we present new facts on the variation in job offers, acceptance rates, and reservation wages over time. Importantly, it is the model’s ability to reproduce these empirical changes that enables it to generate the observed trends in unemployment flows.
Strange Metallic Transport in the Antiferromagnetic Regime of Electron Doped Cuprates

We report magnetoresistance and Hall Effect results for electron-doped films of the high-temperature superconductor La$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_4$ (LCCO) for temperatures from 0.7 to 45 K and magnetic fields up to 65 T. For x = 0.12 and 0.13, just below the Fermi surface reconstruction (FSR), the normal state in-plane resistivity exhibits a well-known upturn at low temperature. Our new results show that this resistivity upturn is eliminated at high magnetic field and the resistivity becomes linear-in-temperature from $\sim$ 40 K down to 0.7 K. The magnitude of the linear coefficient scales with Tc and doping, as found previously [1,2] for dopings above the FSR. In addition, the normal state Hall coefficient has an unconventional field dependence for temperatures below 50K. This anomalous transport data presents a new challenge to theory and suggests that the strange metal normal state is also present in the antiferromagnetic regime.
Teachers’ Professional Ethics and Classroom Management as a Correlate of Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Abia State, Nigeria

The study examined teachers’ professional ethics and classroom management as a correlate of students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Abia State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a Correlational Research Design. The population of the study consisted of 9,200 Secondary School Students in Public Secondary Schools. The study sampled 920 students representing 10% of the populations using Stratified Random Sampling Technique. The instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire titled: “Teachers’ Professional Ethics and Classroom Management of Students Academic performance (TPECMSAP)”. The instrument was validated by three experts. The instrument was tested using t-test method and calculated with Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation which yielded an index of 0.71 for teachers’ professional ethics and 0.89 for classroom management. Data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions. Pearson’s r, R2 (coefficient of determination) and multiple regression analysis was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 levels of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between teachers’ professional ethics, classroom management and students academic performance. The findings of the study revealed that employment of qualified teachers and other professionals’ demands for practices to ensure high academic performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that government and the school administrators should organize seminars, workshops and conferences to create more awareness on teachers’ ethics and classroom managements on academic performance of students in Nigeria.
Formidable females redux: male social integration into female networks and the value of dynamic multilayer networks

Abstract The development of multilayer network techniques is a boon for researchers who wish to understand how different interaction layers might influence each other, and how these in turn might influence group dynamics. Here, we investigate how integration between male and female grooming and aggression interaction networks influences male power trajectories in vervet monkeys Chlorocebus pygerythrus. Our previous analyses of this phenomenon used a monolayer approach, and our aim here is to extend these analyses using a dynamic multilayer approach. To do so, we constructed a temporal series of male and female interaction layers. We then used a multivariate multilevel autoregression model to compare cross-lagged associations between a male’s centrality in the female grooming layer and changes in male Elo ratings. Our results confirmed our original findings: changes in male centrality within the female grooming network were weakly but positively tied to changes in their Elo ratings. However, the multilayer network approach offered additional insights into this social process, identifying how changes in a male’s centrality cascade through the other network layers. This dynamic view indicates that the changes in Elo ratings are likely to be short-lived, but that male centrality within the female network had a much stronger impact throughout the multilayer network as a whole, especially on reducing intermale aggression (i.e., aggression directed by males toward other males). We suggest that multilayer social network approaches can take advantage of increased amounts of social data that are more commonly collected these days, using a variety of methods. Such data are inherently multilevel and multilayered, and thus offer the ability to quantify more precisely the dynamics of animal social behaviors.
Cryoprotective effect of polydextrose on chicken surimi

Two thermal analysis techniques Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Differential thermal analysis (DTA) are used to study cryoprotective effects of polydextrose on chicken surimi. Samples of chicken surimi were mixed with: a) different mass fractions of polydextrose (w = 2 - 10%), b) κ-carrageenan (w = 0.5 %) and different mass fractions of polydextrose (w = 2 -10%) and c) NaCl (w = 2 %) and different mass fractions of polydextrose (w = 2 - 10%). Chicken surimi was produced following a modified procedure of Dawson et al. (1988.) from broiler (Sasso, 12 weeks, and 1.73 kg live wt.), quickly frozen and stored for 3 months on -25 °C. Initial freezing points (Ti), thermal transition temperature (Tp) and denaturation enthalpy (ΔH) were evaluated. The most effect of cryoscopic depression of initial freezing point Ti were exhibited by the samples of chicken surimi with added 2% NaCl and 10% polydextrose. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed a shift in thermal transition temperature of myosin and actin to higher temperature as the mass fraction of polydextrose increases. Since the denaturation enthalpy is directly related to amount of native proteins, higher values of ΔH indicates to the higher cryoprotective effects of polydextrose.
A 10-year prospective study on single immediate implants.

PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical, aesthetic and radiographical outcome of single immediate implant placement (IIP) after 10 years (1); to identify putative risk factors for advanced midfacial recession (2). MATERIAL AND METHODS Periodontally healthy patients with a thick gingival biotype and intact buccal bone wall were consecutively treated with a single immediate implant and crown in the aesthetic zone (15-25). Flapless surgery and socket grafting with deproteinized bovine bone mineral was performed. Seven patients received a connective tissue graft (CTG) at 3 months due to obvious alveolar process deficiency (n = 5) or advanced midfacial recession (n = 2). Clinical, aesthetic and radiographical outcomes at 10 years were compared to those at 5 years and CBCTs were taken at 10 years. RESULTS Twenty-two patients (10 women; mean age 50) were consecutively treated and 18 could be re-examined. Two implants failed and 2 patients died. None of the parameters differed between the 5- and 10-year re-assessment (marginal bone loss: 0.31 mm; plaque score: 15 %; probing depth: 3.4 mm; bleeding on probing: 32 %; pink esthetic score: 10.61; mesial papillary recession: -0.03 mm; distal papillary recession: 0.22 mm; midfacial recession: 0.58 mm). Six implants (33 %) demonstrated ≥ 1 mm midfacial recession. Putative risk factors were merely based on descriptive statistics and included buccal shoulder position, no CTG, convex emergence profile and central incisor position. Three implants (17 %) had no visible buccal bone on CBCT. One of these was too buccally positioned, another yielded peri-implant mucositis and another demonstrated peri-implantitis. CONCLUSIONS Advanced midfacial recession is common in the long term following IIP. Therefore, caution is required for IIP in the aesthetic zone.
Restoration of a Historic Building in Order to Improve Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving—Case Study—The Dining Room within the Žiča Monastery Property

A proper systematic approach to the restoration of historic buildings is crucial in the preservation of heritage buildings. This paper presents the unity between the restoration of a historic building and sustainability. The aim of the research is to establish an effective method for the restoration of historic buildings and their reuse and sustainable renovation in terms of energy efficiency, in accordance with modern needs and conservation requirements while maintaining the authentic appearance. The main method in the paper is the observation of a historic building during its restoration and exploitation, analysis and evaluation of the results achieved in improving energy efficiency and energy saving in the example of the building within the Žica Monastery in Serbia, a cultural monument of exceptional importance. The subject of the research is the Dining Room within the Žiča Monastery and the analysis of the restoration results in order to ensure energy refurbishment and cultural heritage enhancement. The research findings are recommendations for the restoration and adaptive re-use of historic buildings, in accordance with modern requirements for comfort and environmental protection. The greatest contribution of this paper is the practical verification of energy refurbishment of the restored historic building, the Dining Room, by applying the principles and measures of energy efficiency, maintaining the authentic appearance of the building, in accordance with the conservation requirements.
Postimpact Evolution of the Southern Hale Crater Ejecta, Mars

As one of the youngest large (>100 km wide) impacts on Mars, Hale crater offers a unique opportunity to observe well‐preserved deposits of Mars' former interior. We utilize visible imagery (Context Camera [CTX] and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment [HiRISE]) and elevation data (Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter [MOLA], High Resolution Stereo Camera [HRSC], and HiRISE stereo pairs) to examine the region south of Hale crater, which contains the greatest density of landforms caused by with the impact. Linear depressions, mounds, and polygons indicate that the ejecta material contained volatiles and underwent substantial postimpact geomorphic evolution after it was emplaced. Ejecta landform formation was facilitated by volatiles, likely water ice displaced from the subsurface during the impact, contained within the material. We suggest that the ejecta flowed into valleys where it acted in a manner similar to terrestrial debris flows, leaving mounds, high‐standing deposits, lobate flow margins, and fan structures. Continued flow and settling of the ejecta then caused deposit dewatering, producing networks of linear depressions, particularly in places where the flows of ejecta were constricted. However, these landforms are not present everywhere, and their formation was likely influenced by topography. This work highlights that, while volatiles were present over much of Hale crater's ejecta blanket, the surface expression of them is spatially variable on local and regional scales.
On the Factors That Determine Boundary Layer Albedo

This study investigates the factors that control marine boundary layer cloud albedo measured by the Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) over domains of (200 km)2. We use three key metrics to investigate domain albedo: cloud fraction, cloud heterogeneity, and cloud morphology. Cloud heterogeneity is quantified at the domain level with a unified heterogeneity index. Cloud morphology is determined from a cloud classification algorithm using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to classify each domain into one of four categories: (i) closed‐cell Mesoscale Cellular Convection (MCC); (ii) open‐cell MCC; (iii) disorganized MCC; and (iv) No MCC. These different types of MCC are usefully defined as low clouds of different morphologies. Classifications from the ANN are also combined with the satellite observations of MISR to develop relationships between cloud morphology, domain albedo, cloud fraction, and cloud heterogeneity. Cloud morphology is found to play an essential role in modulating these relationships. The cloud fraction‐albedo relationships are found to be directly a function of cloud morphology. Relationships between domain albedo and cloud heterogeneity are also found to be a function of MCC type. Our results indicate that the albedo has a strong dependence on cloud morphology and cloud heterogeneity. Understanding both the physical properties and the meteorological controls on MCC has important implications for understanding low cloud behavior and improving their representation in General Circulation Models.
An investigation on the probiotic properties of Lactobacillus fermentum

The study assessed some of the probiotic characteristics of an isolate (AB4 29) of Lactobacillus fermentum. AB4 29 was isolated from a faecal sample of an infant, fed with breast milk. The results indicated that the isolate had acceptable survival rates in gastric juice both in the presence and in absence of pepsin. It also displayed acceptable sensitivity rates to eleven different antibiotics. Hydrophobicity test showed that the isolate had a good capacity to adhere to xylene. It could also destroy sodium salts. AB4 29 displayed the least survival rates in bile salt. These initial findings could suggest that infant faeces and breast milk could serve as good sources of probiotic organisms.
“911 What’s Your Emergency?”: Deception in 911 Homicide and Homicide Staged as Suicide Calls

Emergency 911 calls are often the first indication a homicide occurred and serve as initial witness statements in an investigation. The current study explores deception among homicide and homicide staged as suicide 911 calls. One hundred suicides, 18 homicide staged as suicide calls, 31 homicides with uninvolved callers, and 26 homicide offender calls were compared. Little overlap was found in deception indicators between the current findings and previous studies. Caution is warranted when extrapolating from studies using only 911 homicide calls to equivocal death cases, where investigators consider if the manner of death is a suicide or a staged homicide.
Collocational Processing in L1 and L2: The Effects of Word Frequency, Collocational Frequency, and Association

This study investigated the effects of individual word frequency, collocational frequency and association on L1 and L2 collocational processing. An acceptability judgment task was administered to L1 and L2 speakers of English. Response times were analysed using mixed- effects modelling for three types of adjective-noun pairs: (1) high-frequency, (2) low-frequency and (3) baseline items. This study extends previous research by examining if the effects of individual word and collocation frequency counts differ for L1 and L2 speakers’ processing of collocations. This study also compared to what extent L1 and L2 speakers’ response times are affected by mutual information and log dice scores, which are corpus-derived association measures. Both groups of participants demonstrated sensitivity to both individual word and collocation frequency counts. However, there was a reduced effects of individual word frequency counts for processing high-frequency collocations compared to low-frequency collocations. Both groups of participants were similarly sensitive to the association measures used.
Teacher education in times of COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal: national, institutional and pedagogical responses

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the national, institutional and pedagogical responses as a result of the closure of schools and universities in March 2020 in Portugal. It includes a brief description and analysis of the initiatives and responses to the crisis as well as the difficulties, the challenges and the opportunities. The paper concludes with the discussion of the implications for teaching and teacher education in such uncertain times, particularly in regard to the role of practice as well as issues of mentoring within the context of a practicum as a ‘real practice’ versus ‘an ideal(ised) practice’.
Contract-Based Knowledge Protection and Cooperation Performance

This study examines the direct effects of technological turbulence and legal system completeness on firm's contract-based knowledge protection and their moderating effects on the relationship between contract-based knowledge protection and cooperation performance. The model is tested using survey data collected from 227 manufacturing firms in China. It finds that technological turbulence and legal system completeness both have a significant and positive effect on contract-based knowledge protection. In addition, technological turbulence weakens the positive relationship between contract-based knowledge protection and cooperation performance, while legal system completeness strengthens the same relationship. The findings enrich our knowledge on how task and institutional environments are related to performance outcomes through shaping firm's behaviors and provides insight into firm's knowledge protection measures in cooperation.
Trichloroacetate Tissue Dosimetry and PPAR alpha-Mediated Liver Cancer Induction by Trichioroethylene and Perchioroethylene

Abstract : A biologically-motivated dose-response analysis was undertaken for liver cancer induction in mice by trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PERC). The mechanistic hypothesis evaluated was whether tumors resulted from a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARa)-mediated process initiated by formation of trichloroacetate (TCA) from the two volatile organics. Available mechanistic data for TCE, PERC, and TCA were compared with those for prototypical PPARa-ligands. Several early and late events were consistent: increased liver to body weight ratio (LW/BW) due to induction of peroxisomes, hypertrophy, and cell proliferation; the phenotype of induced foci; and reversibility of tumor response with cessation of exposure. One difference was hepatic accumulation of lipid with PERC, but not the other compounds. Use of precursor events for analyzing cancer dose response was evaluated; increased LW/BW was suggested as a useful indicator of the pleiotropic response necessary for PPARa-mediated liver carcinogenesis. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models provided estimates of internal dose metrics for TCA. Oral and inhalation studies for LW/BW and cancer were evaluated to obtain points of departure. Low dose extrapolation used a margin of exposure approach for TCE; TCA and PERC were not evaluated. While there are difficulties in analyzing the hypothesis due to the variety of exposure protocols used in the studies with TCE, PERC, and TCA, this analysis indicated substantial consistencies in the database supporting a PPARa-mediated process for TCE- and TCA-induced liver carcinogenesis as a major causative process.
Trends in radionuclide concentrations for selected wildlife and food products near the Hanford Site from 1971 through 1988

From 1971 through 1988 at least 40 species of wildlife and 27 different types of food products were collected and analyzed for radionuclides as part of the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) Environmental Monitoring Program. This report summarizes the results of these analyses for sample types collected for all or most of the 18-year period. The objectives of this summary investigation were to identify long-term trends or significant year-to-year changes in radionuclide concentrations and, if possible, relate any observed changes in radionuclide concentrations to their sources and probable causes. Statistical techniques were employed to test for long-term trends. Conspicuous short-term changes in radionuclide concentrations were identified from inspection of the data. 30 refs., 16 figs., 4 tabs.
Development of an assessment tool for mathematical reading, analytical thinking and mathematical writing

The main objective of this research was to develop and validate the quality of an assessment tool for evaluating the mathematical reading, analytical thinking, and mathematical writing skills of fourth-grade students. We randomly selected 222 fourth grade students across multiple schools of varying sizes to take the assessment. Multidimensional Random Coefficients Multinomial Item Response Model was applied to validate the quality of the developed assessment tool. A design-based research methodology was adopted to develop the assessment tool encompassing four phases as follows: 1) analyze how students solve mathematical problems; 2) develop the assessment tool; 3) validation of the tool; and 4) reflection. The results of this research indicate that the assessment tool consisting of 19 items and two dimensions is a reliable and valid metric to measure mathematical reading, mathematical writing and analytical ability of fourth graders. The Likelihood-Ratio test showed that the multidimensional model fits better in comparison to the unidimensional model. It can be concluded that each item is qualified to assess the students and relevant to the developed dimensional examination structure.
Prefigurative Politics and Social Movement Strategy: The Roles of Prefiguration in the Reproduction, Mobilisation and Coordination of Movements

Recent work historicises and theoretically refines the concept of prefigurative politics. Yet disagreements over the question of whether or how it is politically effective remain. What roles does prefiguration play in strategies of transformation, and what implications does it have for understandings of strategy? The article begins to answer this question by tracking the concept’s use, from discussions of left strategy in the 1960s, a qualifier of new social movements in the 1980s–1990s, its application to protest events in the 2000s, to its contemporary proliferation of meanings. This contextualises reflections on the changing arguments about the roles of prefiguration in social movement strategy. Based on literature about strategy, three essential categories of applied movement strategy are identified: reproduction, mobilisation and coordination. Prefigurative dynamics are part of all three, showing that the reproduction of movements is strategically significant, while the coordination of movements can take various ‘prefigurative’ forms.