Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of coal properties on acetylene formation and coking in H_2/Ar plasma pyrolysis

The formation of acetylene by coal plasma pryolysis is strongly dependent on coal properties. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the effects of coal properties on the acetylene formation and coking in plasma pyrolysis in H_2/Ar. 12 kinds of coals with different coal rank were chosen and the effects of coal properties, including the content of volatile matter, oxygen and ash, on the yields of acetylene and coking were investigated in details. The results show that the bituminous coals containing the volatile matter from 30% to 40% have higher acetylene yield, while the coals with high oxygen content have lower acetylene yield, which corresponds to an increase in carbon conversion to carbon oxides. The content of mineral matter in coal has no significant relationship with the acetylene yield though it would increase the formation of CO. The higher mineral-matter content in coal is found to have a specific effect on the coking. The results of the tests by adding SiO_2 and sands indicate that the high content of mineral-matter would increase the coke formation and affect the configuration of coke.
Manifold reduction techniques for the comparison of crank angle-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) data and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations in a spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engine

In this article, different manifold reduction techniques are implemented for the post-processing of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) images from a Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) engine. The methods are proposed to help make a more objective comparison between Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations and PIV experiments when Cycle-to-Cycle Variations (CCV) are present in the flow field. The two different methods used here are based on Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) principles where Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) are used for representing linear and non-linear manifold reduction techniques. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first time a non-linear manifold reduction technique, such as KPCA, has ever been used in the study of in-cylinder flow fields. Both qualitative and quantitative studies are given to show the capability of each method in validating the simulation and incorporating CCV for each engine cycle. Traditional Relevance Index (RI) and two other previously developed novel indexes: the Weighted Relevance Index (WRI) and the Weighted Magnitude Index (WMI), are used for the quantitative study. The results indicate that both POD and KPCA show improvements in capturing the main flow field features compared to ensemble-averaged PIV experimental data and single cycle experimental flow fields while capturing CCV. Both methods present similar quantitative accuracy when using the three indexes. However, challenges were highlighted in the POD method for the selection of the number of POD modes needed for a representative reconstruction. When the flow field region presents a Gaussian distribution, the KPCA method is seen to provide a more objective numerical process as the reconstructed flow field will see convergence with an increasing number of modes due to its usage of Gaussian properties. No additional criterion is needed to determine how to reconstruct the main flow field feature. Using KPCA can, therefore, reduce the amount of analysis needed in the process of extracting the main flow field while incorporating CCV.
Fluctuation of Lower Ionosphere Associated with Energetic Electron Precipitations during a Substorm

In this paper, using the combined observations of the NOAA 16, LANL-01A, IMAGE satellites, VLF radio wave, and ground-based riometers, we study the fluctuation of lower ionosphere-associated precipitating energetic electrons during a geomagnetic storm on 8 November 2004. Associated with the substorm dispersion injection observed by the LANL-01A satellite, the riometers observed obvious enhancements of ionospheric absorption within the electron isotropic zone, which they attributed to the tail current sheet scattering (TCS) mechanism. Through observations of the NOAA 16 satellite, we found a sharp enhancement of the precipitating electron flux within the anisotropic zone, which entailed an obvious separation of energetic electron precipitation at high latitudes. This energetic electron precipitation within the anisotropic zone leads to the significant enhancement of electron density in the D region, thus resulting in the variations of VLF radio wave amplitudes, which propagate in the middle latitudes. Since the projection of the electron precipitation region within the anisotropic zone is at the inner edge of the plasmapause observed by the IMAGE EUV, the precipitation of energetic electrons should be attributed to the ELF hiss-ring current electron interaction. As a result, the energetic electron precipitations due to the tail current sheet scattering mechanism and wave-particle interaction in the inner magnetosphere were both observed and analyzed as they were associated with a substorm during a geomagnetic storm.
Metastatic Vulvo-Vaginal Choriocarcinoma Mimicking a Vulvar Hematoma: A Case Report

Choriocarcinoma, included in gestational trophoblastic neoplasms, is a tumor with high malignant potential [1]. Next to the lung, vulvo-vaginal metastasis comprises 30% of all metastatic incidences in choriocarcinoma. Metastasis in this region is often misleading in its initial appearance. Recent onset vulvo-vaginal swelling may be the sole clinical presentation, as sometimesantecedent pregnancy remains uninformative [2]. We report a case of metastatic choriocarcinoma who presented as a case of vulvar hematoma.
Mass to voltage ratio index predicts mortality following TAVI

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is commonly performed in elderly patients with aortic stenosis. Better methods of risk stratification are needed in this population with high morbidity. There is a relatively high incidence of cardiac amyloidosis in this population and high LV mass index (LVMI) to QRS voltage may help identify patients with worse prognosis following TAVI. This retrospective study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent TAVI in our institution between the years 2008–2019. Mass voltage ratio index (MVRi) was calculated as the ratio of LV mass index on echocardiogram to voltage using the Sokolow‐Lyon criteria on 12 lead ECG performed within 3 months before the intervention. Two hundred and fifty‐one patients (mean age 80.8 years, 49% men) were enrolled. One hundred and sixty‐eight (67%) patients were alive at 3 years follow up. MVRi was a statistically significant predictor of 3 year mortality (p < 0.005). Patients were divided categorically into tertiles based on MVRi score; the “high” group had significantly higher 3‐year mortality (p < 0.001). In the multivariate model only Euroscore (p < 0.009) and MVRi (p < 0.011; OR: 2.32; CI: 1.15–4.964) were statistically significant predictors of mortality. The “high” group had a significantly lower survival rate after 3 years follow up on Kaplan–Meier analysis (p < 0.001). Our findings suggest that MVRi is a strong, independent predictor of increased post‐TAVI mortality. This may be a simple clinical tool to assist in the assessment of patients prior to before TAVI.
Linguistik Forensik Ujaran Kebencian terhadap Artis Aurel Hermansyah di Media Sosial Instagram

Instagram merupakan salah satu akun media sosial online yang digunakan untuk menyampaikan pesan, baik dalam bentuk teks, gambar, audio, maupun video. Pesan yang disampaikan dapat bervariasi, bergantung maksud dan tujuan pemilik akun. Salah satunya adalah ujaran kebencian. Ujaran kebencian pemilik akun @mantanaurelhermansyahdalam bentuk teks bermaksud menghina dan mencemarkan nama baik Aurel Hermansyah, dan bertujuan merusak hubungan Aurel Hermansyah dengan Atta Halilintar yang sengaja di-tag atau ditandai akun instagramnya.Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi-perlokusi, kalimat tabu, dan ujaran kebencian oleh pemilik akun @mantanaurelhermansyah. Metode dalam penelitian ini padan ortografis.Hasil analisis data ditemukan: 1) tindak tutur ilokusi jenis direktif kategori bertanya, kalimat tabu kategori penghinaan dengan menyebut nama, ujaran kebencian kategori menghasut; 2) tindak tutur ilokusi jenis komisif kategori menawarkan dan tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif kategori menyatakan perasaan, kalimat tabu kategori pelecehan seksual, ujaran kebencian kategori penghinaan; 3) tindak tutur ilokusi direktif kategori bertanya, kalimat tabu kategori perbuatan tidak senonoh, ujaran kebencian kategori menghasut; 4) tindak tutur ilokusi asertif kategori mengakui, kalimat tabu kategori pelecehan seksual, ujaran kebencian kategori penyebaran berita bohong penghinaan dan pencemaran nama baik. Tindak tutur perlokusi dari ujaran kebencian tersebut adalah Atta Halilintar memberikan komentarburuk dan berusaha mencari tahu siapa pemilik akun tersebut.
The Development of an Integrated Scale of Technology Use in Physics

In this study, the Integrated Scale of Technology Use in Physics (ISTUP) was developed to determine students’ frequency of technology use, their perceptions about the effects of technology use on physics interest and achievement, and their preferences of technological tools and applications in learning physics. The scale was administered two different times to 670 high school students in total who took physics courses. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to validate the scale. The results of the study suggest that the ISTUP is a valid and reliable scale. Students’ frequency of technology use in learning physics corresponded to ‘sometimes’. Students perceived that technology use had slightly positive effect on their interest and achievement. Findings regarding the interrelations between students’ preference for technological tools and applications were also discussed.
The 20th century global warming signature on the ocean at global and basin scales as depicted from historical reanalyses

More than 90% of excess energy trapped by greenhouse gases is accumulated in the oceans. Ocean heat content (OHC) and its changes are therefore fundamental metrics to monitor climate change. However, due to sparse observation sampling before the 1950s, accurate observation‐based estimations only exist for the second half of the 20th century. A 16‐member ensemble of historical ocean reanalyses is used for the first time to compile a unique estimate of 20th century oceanic warming rates. The reanalyses combine dynamical ocean general circulation models with historical observations and observation‐based atmospheric forcing. Ocean heat content tendencies (OHCT) from the multireanalysis ensemble (MRE) agree well with independent estimates of ocean heat content, and show a coherent evolution with records of Earth's energy imbalance from atmospheric reanalyses and atmospheric CO2 concentration at a range of timescales. OHCT from reanalyses proves to be a more effective climate change proxy, that is, more closely related to independent climate indexes, than observed surface warming tendencies that contain high‐frequency variability not related to the climate change signature, or historical coupled model simulations, which neglect interannual fluctuations. The ensemble mean estimate of the century‐long ocean warming rate is 0.26 ± 0.08 W m−2. The warming rate of 0.84 ± 0.21 W m−2 estimated from 1993 onwards is unprecedented. The global decadal warming rate is persistently positive from about 1925 onwards, except for two neutral periods. The Indian Ocean exhibits the highest relative contribution to centennial heat accumulation, while the Atlantic Ocean plays an increasingly prominent role, especially during the 1995–2004 decade. These findings are in agreement with previous studies.
Nilpotent superderivations in prime superalgebras

In this paper we give an in-deph analysis of the nilpotency index of nilpotent homogeneous inner superderivations in associative prime superalgebras with and without superinvolution. We also present examples of all the different cases that our analysis exhibits for the nilpotency indices of the inner superderivations.
Variation in the Inter-Node Length During Plant Growth Influences the Tensile Strength of Maize Stem Fibres.

This study describes an investigation of the evolution of the mechanical and chemical properties of maize stem fibres with the growth stages of the plant, and how the tensile strength is influenced by the presence of nodes along the fibre length. Furthermore the variation of the tensile strength and chemical functional groups among four common maize varieties were determined. In this context, the fibres were characterised by performing tensile test, density & linear density tests, Fourier Transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and surface morphology (SEM image analysis). The fibres were all extracted manually, and in some cases preceded by a water retting process for ten days. The thermal analysis, FTIR and x-ray results showed that in general the fibres from the different maize varieties and from the different growth stages are semi-crystalline in nature. The SEM micrographs revealed the presence of equi-spaced nodes along the fibre length, which are believed to be due to the growth stresses induced in the plant stem. The inter-node distance varied in relation to the growth stage of the plant, and yielded a good correlation (coefficient of 0.91) with the tensile strength of the fibres. Finally a better fibre yield was obtained from the stem at the senescence stage of the maize plant.
Machine-Learning-Based High-Resolution Earthquake Catalog Reveals How Complex Fault Structures Were Activated during the 2016–2017 Central Italy Sequence

The 2016–2017 central Italy seismic sequence occurred on an 80 km long normal-fault system. The sequence initiated with the Mw 6.0 Amatrice event on 24 August 2016, followed by the Mw 5.9 Visso event on 26 October and the Mw 6.5 Norcia event on 30 October. We analyze continuous data from a dense network of 139 seismic stations to build a high-precision catalog of ∼900,000 earthquakes spanning a 1 yr period, based on arrival times derived using a deep-neural-network-based picker. Our catalog contains an order of magnitude more events than the catalog routinely produced by the local earthquake monitoring agency. Aftershock activity reveals the geometry of complex fault structures activated during the earthquake sequence and provides additional insights into the potential factors controlling the development of the largest events. Activated fault structures in the northern and southern regions appear complementary to faults activated during the 1997 Colfiorito and 2009 L’Aquila sequences, suggesting that earthquake triggering primarily occurs on critically stressed faults. Delineated major fault zones are relatively thick compared to estimated earthquake location uncertainties, and a large number of kilometer-long faults and diffuse seismicity were activated during the sequence. These properties might be related to fault age, roughness, and the complexity of inherited structures. The rich details resolvable in this catalog will facilitate continued investigation of this energetic and well-recorded earthquake sequence.
Analyses of hypernuclei produced via fission and evaporation

In heavy-ion reactions, nuclei and hypernuclei yields can be emitted from target/projectile rediuals in peripheral collisions. The evaporation and fission yields are investigated at 0.25-2.5 MeV/nucleon excitation energy intervals for source nuclei U, U, U, U, U, Ho, Ho, Ho, Ho, and Ho. We have reproduced mass distributions via computer codes by using hyper-SMM model which is based on the statistical multifragmentation model for hypernuclei. Our results can be used for the analyses of the future experiments at FAIR(GSI) and NICA(Dubna).
Disproportionate Mitral Regurgitation Determines Survival in Acute Heart Failure

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and impact of mitral regurgitation (MR) on survival in patients presenting to hospital in acute heart failure (AHF) using traditional echocardiographic assessment alongside more novel indices of proportionality. Background: It remains unclear if the severity of MR plays a significant role in determining outcomes in AHF. There is also uncertainty as to the clinical relevance of indexing MR to left ventricular volumes. This concept of disproportionality has not been assessed in AHF. Methods: A total of 418 consecutive patients presenting in AHF over 12 months were recruited and followed up for 2 years. MR was quantitatively assessed within 24 h of recruitment. Standard proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) and a novel proportionality index of effective regurgitant orifice/left ventricular end-diastolic volume (ERO/LVEDV) >0.14 mm2/ml were used to identify severe and disproportionate MR. Results: Every patient had MR. About 331/418 (78.9%) patients were quantifiable by PISA. About 165/418 (39.5%) patients displayed significant MR. A larger cohort displayed disproportionate MR defined by either a proportionality index using ERO/LVEDV > 0.14 mm2/ml or regurgitant volumes/LVEDV > 0.2 [217/331 (65.6%) and 222/345 (64.3%), respectively]. The LVEDV was enlarged in significant MR−129.5 ± 58.95 vs. 100.0 ± 49.91 ml in mild, [p < 0.0001], but remained within the normal range. Significant MR was associated with a greater mortality at 2 years {44.2 vs. 34.8% in mild MR [hazard ratio (HR) 1.39; 95% CI: 1.01–1.92, p = 0.04]}, which persisted with adjustment for comorbid conditions (HR; 1.43; 95% CI: 1.04–1.97, p = 0.03). Disproportionate MR defined by ERO/LVEDV >0.14 mm2/ml was also associated with worse outcome [42.4 vs. 28.3% (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.12–2.34, p = 0.01)]. Conclusions: MR was a universal feature in AHF and determines outcome in significant cases. Furthermore, disproportionate MR, defined either by effective regurgitant orifice (ERO) or volumetrically, is associated with a worse prognosis despite the absence of adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling. These findings outline the importance of adjusting acute volume overload to LV volumes and call for a review of the current standards of MR assessment. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02728739, identifier NCT02728739.
Our HMoob American College Paj Ntaub: student-engaged Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) as counter-invisibility work

Abstract This article presents the institutional and historical context, methods, findings, and action-consequences of ‘Our HMoob American College Paj Ntaub,’ a qualitative, student-led Participatory Action Research (PAR) project documenting the sociocultural and institutional factors that influence HMoob American college students’ experiences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Drawing on concepts from Asian Critical Race Theory (AsianCrit), we identify sociocultural and institutional processes that misrepresent and erase HMoob American experiences, producing a profound and troubling experience of institutional invisibility which has serious consequences for students’ wellbeing and educational attainment. However, we also document that student-led PAR research can be an effective means of enacting what we term ‘counter-invisibility work,’ by producing compelling counter-narratives that expand social networks for activism, outreach, and policy enactment.
Analyzing Restaurant Customers’ Evolution of Dining Patterns and Satisfaction during COVID-19 for Sustainable Business Insights

Observing and interpreting restaurant customers’ evolution of dining patterns and satisfaction during COVID-19 is of critical importance in terms of developing sustainable business insights. This study describes and analyzes customers’ dining behavior before and after the pandemic outbreak by means of statistically aggregating and empirically correlating 651,703 restaurant-user-generated contents posted by diners during 2019–2020. Twenty review topics, mostly food, were identified by latent Dirichlet allocation, whereas analysis of variation and rating-review regression were performed to explore whether and why customers became less satisfied. Results suggest that customers have been paying fewer visits to restaurants since the outbreak, assigning lower ratings, and showing limited evidence of spending more. Interestingly, queuing, the most annoying factor for restaurant customers during normal periods, turns out to receive much less complaint during COVID-19. This study contributes by discovering business knowledge in the context of COVID-19 based on big data that features accessibility, relevance, volume, and information richness, which is transferable to future studies and can benefit additional population and business. Meanwhile, this study also provides practical suggestions to managers regarding the framework of self-evaluation, business mode, and operational optimization.
Probing Chinese Perception on the Importance of Social Capital in Entrepreneurial Success

The link between entrepreneurship and economic growth has been established in the literature. The potency of an entrepreneurship ecosystem, driven by the role of financial capital, is now a determinant of an economy’s success. The People’s Republic of China has been successful on this expanse. However, in this conceptual study, we explicate the role social capital play in entrepreneurial venture growth. By conducting a survey on Chinese entrepreneurs, cross tabulating their categorical responses and conducting contingency table analysis, we get to illustrate how they see social capital as a facilitating factor of their entrepreneurial success. Results revealed that Chinese entrepreneurs believe that together with financial capital and government assistance, having more social capital is critical in developing start-ups, attracting more investments and acquiring a bigger market share. However, a premium is placed on technical skills and enterprise planning than personal charisma. Results were validated and augmented earlier results on Chinese perceptions on what makes entrepreneurial ventures successful.
Designs of borders: Security, critique, and the machines

Abstract Over the past 15 years, the European Commission has poured millions of euros into Research and Development in border security. This article looks at the devices that are funded under this scheme. To this end, it applies Multiple Correspondence Analysis to a database of 41 projects funded under 7th Framework Programme. This method of data visualisation unearths the deep patterns of opposition that run across the sociotechnical universe where European borders are designed and created. We identify three rationalities of power at play: territorial surveillance aimed at detecting rare events in remote areas, policing of dense human flows by sorting out the benign from the dangerous, and finally global dataveillance of cargo on the move. Instead of trends towards either the hardening of borders or their virtualisation, we, therefore, find multiple rationalities of power simultaneously redefining the modalities of control at EU borders. A second finding shows where precisely critical actors are located in this sociotechnical universe and indicates that the structure of European R&D in border security keeps irregularised migrants off their radars. This finding calls for more caution as to the possibility to effectively put critique to work within the context of EU R&D.