Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Residual energy in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and in the solar wind

Recent observations indicate that kinetic and magnetic energies are not in equipartition in the solar wind turbulence. Rather, magnetic fluctuations are more energetic and have somewhat steeper energy spectrum compared to the velocity fluctuations. This leads to the presence of the so-called residual energy E_r=E_v-E_b in the inertial interval of turbulence. This puzzling effect is addressed in the present paper in the framework of weak turbulence theory. Using a simple model of weakly colliding Alfv\'en waves, we demonstrate that the kinetic-magnetic equipartition indeed gets broken as a result of nonlinear interaction of Alfv\'en waves. We establish that magnetic energy is indeed generated more efficiently as a result of these interactions, which proposes an explanation for the solar wind observations.
Sellar Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors (AT/RT): A Systematic Review and Case Illustration

Introduction: Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid tumors are rare, highly malignant tumors in adults, with a median survival of 20 months. We report a case of a sellar atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor in a 70-year-old female treated with intraventricular chemotherapy, followed by a systematic review of the current management of sellar AT/RTs. Methods: A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted on Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed Central using the key terms “sellar” and “atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors”, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data, including patient demographics, histology, treatments, and overall survival were extracted and analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank analysis were used to compare survival outcomes between different treatment regimens. Results: Our literature search disclosed 123 publications. After prespecified exclusions, 41 patients with sellar AT/RT from 30 manuscripts were identified, and 38 were included in the final analysis. Including our patient, the median age was 44 (range: 20-70) with a substantial female predominance (94.7%). Collectively, patients who received combined chemoradiation therapy had a significantly increased overall survival compared to those who received single modality or no adjuvant therapies (median OS 27 vs. 1.25 months; p=0.0052). Conclusion: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor in the sellar region carries a poor prognosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy were associated with significantly increased overall survival. Early consideration of neuro-oncology and radiation-oncology referral and management is likely beneficial in this patient population. Intrathecal chemotherapy is a treatment modality that requires further exploration given the limited options and current dismal prognosis of adult sellar AT/RT.
Identification of a Seven-Differentially Expressed Gene-Based Recurrence-Free Survival Model for Melanoma Patients

Melanoma is a malignant tumor that originates in melanocytes of the skin or mucous membrane, which has a high mortality rate and worse prognosis. Therefore, perspective prognosis evaluation seems more important for patients' treatment. Gene expression profiles of melanoma were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, respectively. 130 consistent differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between melanoma and nevus tissues from two GEO cohorts. Prognostic genes were identified by univariate analysis, and 20 of them were regarded to be associated with the recurrence-free survival (RFS) of melanoma patients. Then, the LASSO Cox regression analysis chose seven of them to establish a seven-DEG-based RFS predicting signature. We demonstrated that this model was more powerful to predict RFS risk than other individual clinical features and was able to independently predict the RFS outcomes in different subsets of patients. We attempted to search for the underlying mechanisms by analyzing the coexpression genes of the seven candidates, and the pathway enrichment analyses indicated that immune response-related pathways might play a critical role in melanoma progression. Finally, we establish a robust seven-DEG-based RFS predicting signature, which will facilitate the personalized treatment of melanoma patients.
Shifting Identifications among Religious and Non-Religious Emerging Adults at a Northeastern U.S. Mainstream Denominational College

Abstract Little is known about the effect of various social contexts on the development of belief for emerging adults. Specifically, college has been shown to both diminish and strengthen beliefs. I show that identifying as religious or non-religious is largely decoupled from beliefs and practices among emerging adults at a mainstream denominational college. This particular social context is one where beliefs, of many stripes, are seen to be admirable. I find that the mainstream denominational college can be a supportive social context that encourages experimentation, exploration, and potential strengthening of both spiritual and denominational beliefs.
Randomised Controlled Study on Measures to Increase Vaccination Rates among German Armed Forces Soldiers

Vaccination is one of the most effective medical measures for preventing infectious diseases. Even though there are recommendations for specific occupational groups that have an increased risk of infection, e.g., armed forces personnel, there are gaps in the vaccination rates of this personal. We conducted a randomised and controlled cohort study to examine whether a computerised reminder system would increase the vaccination rates of active soldiers over a period of twelve months. A total of 506 soldiers with a mean age of 27.7 ± 6.5 years (experimental group (EG)) and 27.9 ± 6.3 years (control group (CG)) were included in our study. Only 26.2% of the EG and 31.3% of the CG had received the required vaccinations at the beginning of our study. The vaccination rates for influenza (50.5% and 49.1%) and tick-borne encephalitis (57.1% and 60.7%) were particularly low, for measles, mumps, and rubella they were high (94.3% and 97.8%). A highly significant increase (p < 0.001) in vaccination rates was observed for both groups during our study. The results revealed considerable vaccination gaps among German armed forces soldiers. Despite a highly significant increase in vaccination rates during the study, there is still a clear need for action.
Impact of NASA EOS Instrument Data on the Scientific Literature: 10 Years of Published Research Results from Terra, Aqua, and Aura.

In the absence of formal data set citation standards in the literature, there is no quantitative information on the connection between data distributed from NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) data centers and subsequent research published using EOS data. This paper provides an analysis of a 10-year citation history of research using EOS instrument data in the peer-reviewed literature, which illustrates that the high volume of published EOS-related papers is indicative of the use of data from the NASA DAACs and comprises a significant contribution to the body of scientific knowledge about the Earth's climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Screening for atrial fibrillation to prevent stroke: a meta-analysis

Abstract Aims We aimed to summarize existing evidence from published randomized trials that assessed atrial fibrillation (AF) screening for stroke prevention. Methods and results We searched MEDLINE for randomized trials that enrolled patients without known AF, screened for AF using electrocardiogram-based methods, and reported stroke outcomes. For this analysis, we excluded studies that focused on post-stroke populations. We combined data using a random-effects model and performed trial sequential meta-analysis using an O’Brien-Fleming alpha-spending function. We identified four randomized clinical trials with a total of 35 836 participants. The populations, screening intervention, and definition of stroke varied markedly. As compared with no screening, AF screening was associated with a reduction in stroke (relative risk 0.91; 95% confidence interval: 0.84–0.99]. Trial sequential meta-analysis found that the cumulative z-score did not cross the stopping boundary. After polling members of the AF-SCREEN and AFFECT-EU consortia, we identified a further 12 trials that are complete but have not yet reported stroke outcomes or are ongoing and expected to collect stroke outcomes. These consortia are planning an individual participant data meta-analysis which will permit the exploration of methodological heterogeneity. Conclusions If and how to screen for AF is an important public health concern. The body of evidence published to date suggests that AF could be effective to prevent strokes in some settings. The AF-SCREEN/AFFECT-EU individual patient data meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the benefits and risks of AF screening, and determine how population, screening method, and health-system factors influence stroke prevention.
Effect of Pitching Restrictions and Mound Distance on Youth Baseball Pitch Counts

Background: Studies have shown that higher pitch counts are directly related to a greater incidence of elbow and shoulder pain among youth baseball pitchers. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different pitching restriction rules on the number of pitches thrown in youth baseball leagues. We hypothesized that more pitches would be thrown in leagues with inning restrictions versus leagues with pitch count restrictions as well as in leagues with a longer mound distance (from pitching mound to home plate). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Pitch count data were collected for 2 consecutive years over a 10-week season from 3 different leagues of 9- to 12-year-old baseball players in a single city. The Eastern league had a pitch count restriction and 46-ft (14.02-m) mound distance. The Southeastern and South leagues’ pitching restrictions were based on innings per week. The Southeastern league had a 50-ft (15.24-m) mound distance, while the South league had a 46-ft mound distance. Comparisons of total seasonal pitches thrown were made of the 3 highest-volume pitchers on each team. League averages for each value were then compared utilizing analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc analysis. The number of pitchers in each league who threw >600 pitches per season was compared using the chi-square test. Results: No significant difference in seasonal pitch counts or innings pitched was noted between the Eastern and South leagues, which differed only in their pitching restrictions. The Southeastern league, with a longer mound distance, was found to have higher seasonal pitch counts per thrower (598 ± 195 pitches) than the South league (463 ± 198 pitches) for the 3 highest-volume throwers for each team (P = .004). The Southeastern league also had a significantly larger number of pitchers who threw >600 pitches per season (33 vs 20 for Eastern and 13 for South; P = .009). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in seasonal pitch counts when the leagues in this study differed based on pitching restrictions. However, the league with a greater mound distance (Southeastern) had higher seasonal pitch counts for the highest-volume throwers. Pitching restrictions based on pitch counts, as opposed to innings, may be advisable.
Dynamic Manager Selection Assisted Resource Allocation in URLLC With Finite Block Length for 5G-V2X Platoons

In this paper, we investigate a fifth generation cellular vehicle-to-everything based platoon system and propose low-complexity dynamic manager selection and resource allocation algorithms in the finite block length regime, to meet the ultra reliable and low latency communication requirements of intra-platoon safety-related data transmission. A closed-form expression for the platoon manager index is derived, based on which a low-complexity dynamic platoon manager selection algorithm is proposed, enabling a significant communication performance enhancement over the conventional head vehicle platoon manager algorithm. This is also the first work to investigate the impact of finite block length on platoon communication. The optimal finite block length coding rate under automatic repeat request retransmission is obtained. A subchannel multiplexing criterion is proposed and closed-form expressions for the optimal transmission powers of the platoon manager and its subchannel multiplexing partner are derived. Based on the theoretical findings, a joint resource allocation and coding rate optimization algorithm is proposed, achieving a near-optimal performance in terms of groupcast latency with a significant complexity reduction over exhaustive search.
Perceived Immediacy and Burnout as Mediators of Instructor Misbehaviors and Students’ Task Value

ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to examine instructional influences of students’ task value. A total of 382 undergraduate students participated in this survey study. The data supported a mediated model in which instructor misbehaviors (i.e., antagonism and lecturing) indirectly decrease students’ task value through the psychological responses of perceived immediacy and burnout. Therefore, findings of this study indicate that instructors who do not control their antagonism and lecturing behaviors may reduce the value that students see in the course they teach, ultimately hindering students’ learning experience. This study highlights the need for instructional communication training and resources for instructors which could improve psychoemotional experiences for students and improve learning.
Depth-Aware and Semantic Guided Relational Attention Network for Visual Question Answering

Visual relationship understanding plays an indispensable role in grounded language tasks like visual question answering (VQA), which often requires precisely reasoning about relations among objects depicted in the given question. However, prior works generally suffer from the deficiencies as follows, (1) <bold>spatial-relation inference ambiguity</bold>, it is challenging to accurately estimate the distance of a pair of visual objects in 2D space if there is a visual-overlap between their 2D bounding-boxes, and (2) language-visual relational alignment missing, it is insufficient to generate a high-quality answer to the question if there is a lack of alignment in the language-visual relations of objects during fusion, even using a powerful fusion model like Transformer. To this end, we first model the spatial relation of a pair of objects in 3D space by augmenting the original 2D bounding-box with 1D depth information, and then propose a novel model named <bold><underline>D</underline></bold>epth-aware <bold><underline>S</underline></bold>emantic <bold><underline>G</underline></bold>uided Relational <bold><underline>A</underline></bold>ttention Network (DSGANet), to explicitly exploit the formed 3D spatial relations of objects in an intra-/inter-modality manner for precise relational alignment. Extensive experiments conducted on the benchmarks (VQA v2.0 and GQA) demonstrate DSGANet achieves competitive performance compared to pretrained and non-pretrained models, such as 72.7% vs. 74.6% based on the learned grid features on VQA v2.0.
COVID-19 in the Radiology Literature: A Look Back

T unexpected and sudden appearance of the novel SARS-Cov-2 respiratory virus led to a rush to understand the pathogen and develop appropriate methods of diagnosis and treatment for the COVID-19 disease. The rapid acquisition and dissemination of medical research has been enabled by electronic medical record systems and the internet, leading to the new phenomenon of near realtime production of scientific knowledge. This rapidity of scientific work has also led to important challenges and caveats. In this article, we select two features of COVID-19 in the radiology literature, use of diagnostic CT and pulmonary embolism frequency, that led to frequently cited publications and examine the consistency of those results over time.
Organizational support and perceived environment impact on quality of care and job satisfaction: a study with Pakistani nurses

PurposeReferring to the theory of organizational empowerment, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of organizational support and perceived environment on quality of care and job satisfaction, with organizational commitment as a mediator for the first variable.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a cross-sectional research design and data was collected from seven private and public sector hospitals in Pakistan, involving 352 nurses on a voluntary basis through a self-administered survey.FindingsThe results showed that organizational commitment mediates the relationship between organizational support and job satisfaction with the quality of care. Moreover, the perceived environment has an impact on job satisfaction and quality of care.Originality/valueHealthcare service quality seems strictly dependent on the perceived quality of care and job satisfaction among healthcare workers. Theoretical and practical implications for policymakers and HR management are discussed.
Dynamic Response of the Steel Plate Under the Impact of High-Speed Coal Projectile

The coal-rock projectiles induced by gas explosions in coal mines have a strong destructive effect on mine facilities and equipment, which are mostly made of steel. The LS-DYNA is used to simulate the process of coal projectile striking the steel plate. The results show that during the failure process, the morphological change of the projectile consists of three stages including plastic deformation, partial crushing, and complete crushing, and the steel plate pits at the impact point. The duration of the stress peak value of the steel plate increases as the impact velocity increases. The farther away from the center point, the smaller the stress peak value is, and the shorter the duration is. When the impact velocity is 100 m/s and 300 m/s, the axial velocity curve at the impact point of the projectile is pulsating. When the impact velocity reaches 500 m/s, the axial velocity of the projectile rapidly increases and then tends to be stable. As the impact velocity increases, the energy absorbed by the steel plate increases, and the rate of increase also increases. However, the proportion between the absorbed energy of the steel plate and the initial kinetic energy of the projectile decreases. The projectile conversion energy of the 1 mm steel plate is slightly larger than that of 1.5 mm and 2 mm steel plates, and the energy absorbed by the steel plate decreases with the increase in thickness of the steel plate. When the thickness of the steel plate is more than 2 mm, the thickness of the steel plate has little effect. The results of the study have a direct sense for the antiknock design of coal mine facilities and equipment.
Red-Skin Extracts of Lotus Seeds Alleviate High-Fat-Diet Induced Obesity via Regulating Lipoprotein Lipase Activity

In recent years, obesity has become an epidemic and an important public health concern. This study was designed to explore the anti-obesity effects of red-skin extracts (RSE) from lotus seeds on high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice. In this study, a total of 55 phenolic compounds from the RSE were tentatively characterized using a UPLC-Q/TOF-MS system, including 9 phenolic acids and derivatives, 40 flavonoids, 2 proanthocyanidin, and 4 coumarins and derivatives. Our data demonstrated that RSE could significantly ameliorate obesity characteristics of HFD-fed mice by regulating tissue specific lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activities. In detailed, the activity and expression of LPL in adipose tissue was inhibited, and the activity and expression of LPL in skeletal muscle tissue was enhanced. Overall, these findings suggested that RSE from the red skin of lotus seeds could serve as a great candidate for a value-added, functional ingredient due to its anti-obesity effects via the regulation of LPL activity.
Study on the Hygienic Quality of Pasteurized Milk in Khartoum State (Sudan)

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of storage conditions on the hygienic quality and shelf life of pasteurized milk produced by one of the dairy factory in Khartoum State. Moreover investigations on the possible sources and causes of contamination of pasteurized milk were also done. Three areas (Sixty samples) were selected in Khartoum North according to fluctuations in electrical supply, permanent supply (stand by generator) and immediate marketing. Other twenty samples were stored in the laboratory (Faculty of Animal Production) at 7°C. These samples were examined to determine the total number of bacteria, coliform bacterial counts, Escherichia coli counts and psychrophic bacterial counts. Also the presence of Salmonella spp. and Proteus spp. , in pasteurized milk were reported. The counts of total bacteria were found to range between 6.5x10 and <6.5x10 , psychrophilic bacteria were between 6.5×10 to <6.5×10 , coliform 5 14 7 14 counts revealed 6.5× 10 to 6.5×10 and E. coli were between 0 and <6.5×10 . The results showed that storage 12 14 11 conditions have effects on bacterial counts (P <0.001). The results also showed that pasteurized milk samples were free from Salmonella whereas Proteus spp. were found in 20 % of the examined samples and E. coli was isolated from 90 % of the samples. The survey in the factory revealed 100%, 80% and 80% positive isolation of E. coli from raw milk samples and pasteurized milk before and after filling, respectively. While filling machine after used, rinsed water and tap water showed 100% 100% and 0% for the presence of E. coli. The present study concluded that the pasteurized milk distributed in Khartoum State by the selected dairy factory is of low quality. Hence it was recommended that hygienic quality monitoring programs are urgently needed to ensure that quality milk are produced and consumed in the country.
Coexpression of TRPML1 and TRPML2 Mucolipin Channels Affects the Survival of Glioblastoma Patients

Among brain cancers, glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant glioma with an extremely poor prognosis. It is characterized by high cell heterogeneity, which can be linked to its high malignancy. We have previously demonstrated that TRPML1 channels affect the OS of GBM patients. Herein, by RT-PCR, FACS and Western blot, we demonstrated that TRPML1 and TRPML2 channels are differently expressed in GBM patients and cell lines. Moreover, these channels partially colocalized in ER and lysosomal compartments in GBM cell lines, as evaluated by confocal analysis. Interestingly, the silencing of TRPML1 or TRPML2 by RNA interference results in the decrease in the other receptor at protein level. Moreover, the double knockdown of TRPML1 and TRPML2 leads to increased GBM cell survival with respect to single-channel-silenced cells, and improves migration and invasion ability of U251 cells. Finally, the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high TRPML2 expression in absence of TRPML1 expression strongly correlates with short OS, whereas high TRPML1 associated with low TRPML2 mRNA expression correlates with longer OS in GBM patients. The worst OS in GBM patients is associated with the loss of both TRPML1 and TRPML2 channels.