Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High‐content video flow cytometry with digital cell filtering for label‐free cell classification by machine learning

Recent development of imaging flow cytometry (IFC) has enabled the measurements of single cells with high throughput, where fluorescent labels provide specificity for cellular diagnosis. The fluorescent labels may disturb the cell functions, and the requirements for high‐throughput measurements limit the cell image quality. Here, we develop the high‐content video flow cytometry (VFC) that measures unlabeled single cells with a rate of approximately 1000 cells per minute. For the obtained big data, the frame of interest (FOI) is automatically prepared by a digital cell filtering technique with machine learning. Cervical carcinoma cell lines (Caski, HeLa and C33‐A cells) are differentiated with an accuracy of 91.5%, 90.5%, and 90.5% by deep learning in a three‐way classification, respectively. The high‐content VFC not only provides high‐quality images of single cells with high throughput and rewinding, but also performs automatic digital cell filtering and label‐free cell classification that may have clinical applications.
Self-inhibiting heat flux

Heat transfer through weakly magnetized diffuse astrophysical plasmas excites whistlers. This leads to electron whistler resonant scattering, a reduction of the electron mean free path, and heat flux inhibition. However, only whistlers propagating at a finite angle to the magnetic field (off-axis) can scatter the heat flux carrying electrons. Thus the level of heat flux inhibition along the magnetic field lines depends on the presence of off-axis whistlers. We obtain a solution of the Boltzmann equation with the whistler wave equation and show that if ethβe ≫ 10−4, where eth is the thermal collisional Knudsen number and βe is the ratio of the electron pressure to the magnetic energy density, then scattering of heat flux carrying electrons by off-axis whistlers, which are shown to propagate at about 65δ, is efficient enough to lead to heat flux inhibition along field lines. The inhibition so obtained is proportional to (ethβe)−1.
A tilted pulse-front setup for femtosecond transient grating spectroscopy in highly non-collinear geometries

We demonstrate a tilted pulse-front transient grating (TG) technique that allows to optimally utilize time resolution as well as TG line density while probing under grazing incidence as typically done in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) or soft x-ray (SXR) experiments. Our optical setup adapts the pulse front tilt of the two pulses that create the TG to the grazing incident pulse. We demonstrate the technique using all 800 nm femtosecond laser pulses for TG generation on a vanadium dioxide film. We probe that grating via diffraction of a third 800 nm pulse. The time resolution of 90 fs is an improvement by a factor of 30 compared to our previous experiments on the same system. The scheme paves the way for EUV and SXR probing of optically induced TGs on any material.
Incorporating infectious duration‐dependent transmission into Bayesian epidemic models

Compartmental models are commonly used to describe the spread of infectious diseases by estimating the probabilities of transitions between important disease states. A significant challenge in fitting Bayesian compartmental models lies in the need to estimate the duration of the infectious period, based on limited data providing only symptom onset date or another proxy for the start of infectiousness. Commonly, the exponential distribution is used to describe the infectious duration, an overly simplistic approach, which is not biologically plausible. More flexible distributions can be used, but parameter identifiability and computational cost can worsen for moderately sized or large epidemics. In this article, we present a novel approach, which considers a curve of transmissibility over a fixed infectious duration. The incorporation of infectious duration‐dependent (IDD) transmissibility, which decays to zero during the infectious period, is biologically reasonable for many viral infections and fixing the length of the infectious period eases computational complexity in model fitting. Through simulation, we evaluate different functional forms of IDD transmissibility curves and show that the proposed approach offers improved estimation of the time‐varying reproductive number. We illustrate the benefit of our approach through a new analysis of the 1995 outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
How the Routine Use of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Hemodialysis Care Influences Patient-Clinician Communication

Visual Abstract Background and objectives Patient-reported outcome measures invite patients to self-report aspects of their quality of life and have been reported to enhance communication with clinicians. We aimed to examine how routine use of patient-reported outcome measures in in-center hemodialysis units influenced patient-clinician communication. Design, setting, participants, & measurements A concurrent, longitudinal, mixed-methods approach was used. We used data from a cluster randomized controlled trial of 17 hemodialysis units in northern Alberta that introduced a patient-reported outcome measures intervention. Patient-clinician communication was assessed using a modified Communication Assessment Tool. Using interpretive description, we explored patients’ and nurses’ perceptions of communication pertaining to routine patient-reported outcome measure use. Through purposeful sampling, we interviewed ten patients and eight nurses and conducted six observations in the dialysis units, which were documented in field notes. We reviewed 779 patient responses to open-ended survey questions from randomized controlled trial data. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed. Results Overall, patient-reported outcome measure use did not substantively improve patient-clinician communication. There was a small positive change in mean total Communication Assessment Tool scores (range, 1–5) from baseline to 12 months in patient-reported outcome measure use units (0.25) but little difference from control group units that did not use patient-reported outcome measures (0.21). The qualitative findings provide in-depth insights into why patient-reported outcome measure use did not improve patient-clinician communication. The purpose of patient-reported outcome measure use was not always understood by patients and clinicians; patient-reported outcome measures were not implemented as originally intended in the trial, despite clinician training; there were challenges using patient-reported outcome measures as a means to communicate; and patient-reported outcome measure use was perceived to have limited value. Conclusions While patient-reported outcome measures use did not improve patient-clinician communication, qualitative data suggest implementation challenges, including limited clarity of purpose and perceived limited value, that may have limited the effectiveness of the intervention.
Effective bioremediation of petroleum‐contaminated saline soil using halotolerant Bacillus strains isolated from the Persian Gulf

A consortium isolated from the Persian Gulf is evaluated for its ability to bioremediate petroleum‐contaminated soils. The soil sample was collected from oil fields of South Western Iran. The crude oil concentrations were set to 1000–10,000 mg/kg, and the sodium chloride concentration was set to 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%. Operational parameters including volume (2–20 ml) and soil moisture (25%, 50%, and 100%) were studied consecutively according to one factor at the time of experimental design. A total number of eight different isolates capable of degrading crude oil were isolated from hydrocarbon‐contaminated sites (KL1–KL8). The removal efficiency of Total petroleom hydrocarbons (TPH) with an initial concentration of 1000 mg/kg for numbers of bacterial cells per gram soil of 2, 10, and 20 CFU/g was 20.9%, 45%, and 60%, respectively. The removal efficiency of TPHs (initial concentration of 1000 mg/kg) at the end of fifth week for salinity amounts of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% was 10.87%, 22.4%, 25.7%, 68.6%, and 60.5%, respectively. The TPHs biodegradation efficiencies at different soil/water ratios of 25%, 50%, and 100% (slurry) were 12%, 28.7%, and 60.8%, respectively. In sunflowers, there was no statistically significant difference in seed germination for different levels of soil pollution (p > 0.05). The results of the current work suggest that this process is a viable and efficient method for remediating contaminated sites. To enhance the removal results in real soil, a scale‐up study should also be conducted.
Gravity Control by means of Electromagnetic Field through Gas or Plasma at Ultra-Low Pressure

It is shown that the gravity acceleration just above a chamber filled with gas or plasma at ultra-low pressure can be strongly reduced by applying an Extra Low-Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field across the gas or the plasma. This Gravitational Shielding Effect is related to recent discovery of quantum correlation between gravitational mass and inertial mass. According to the theory samples hung above the gas or the plasma should exhibit a weight decrease when the frequency of the electromagnetic field is decreased or when the intensity of the electromagnetic field is increased. This Gravitational Shielding Effect is unprecedented in the literature and can not be understood in the framework of the General Relativity. From the technical point of view, there are several applications for this discovery; possibly it will change the paradigms of energy generation, transportation and telecommunications.
On the Explainability of Graph Convolutional Network With GCN Tangent Kernel

Abstract Graph convolutional network (GCN) is a powerful deep model in dealing with graph data. However, the explainability of GCN remains a difficult problem since the training behaviors for graph neural networks are hard to describe. In this work, we show that for GCN with wide hidden feature dimension, the output for semisupervised problem can be described by a simple differential equation. In addition, the dynamics of the behavior of output is decided by the graph convolutional neural tangent kernel (GCNTK), which is stable when the width of hidden feature tends to be infinite. And the solution of node classification can be explained directly by the differential equation for a semisupervised problem. The experiments on some toy models speak to the consistency of the GCNTK model and GCN.
Recruitment Challenges of a Colorectal Cancer Screening Dissemination Study

Background Dissemination strategies to reach underserved and minority populations to promote screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) are key to reducing disparities. We conducted a study to examine a tailored messaging approach to navigate individuals from communities (i.e., lower income, less access to care, and underscreened) to clinics to receive CRC screening. We encountered several political, demographic, and secular trend issues that required reconsideration and redesign of implementation strategies. Objectives Through study implementation from 2012 to 2017, changes in medical reimbursement and immigration policies—at the state level and later at the national level—affected healthcare delivery systems that had initially committed to supporting the study and our recruitment methods. Although our selected zip codes and sites had previously yielded high rates of CRC screening nonadherence, within a few years, these sites showed substantially higher screening adherence rates—yielding limited numbers of eligible participants. In addition, state immigration policy trends created mistrust and fear, leading to lower participation rates than anticipated. This report documents and provides valuable insights on how we and the community network developed creative strategies to overcome these challenges. Methods New relationships with community partners were extended to tap advisory board input to meet the challenges. Criteria for clinic participation widened from originally selected Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) to various nonprofit, hybrid, and privately insured reimbursement types. Recruitment site options were creatively redefined to reach community participants where they live, work, and receive services. Results Strategies that engage community members in identifying alternative healthcare delivery structures and that link recruitment efforts to community-based service organizations were found to be critical to recapturing community trust in the face of unfavorable political environments. Widening the type of clinic partners from FQHCs to stand-alone nonprofits and private clinics and identifying unusual types of recruitment sites provided alternative solutions for successful study implementation. Discussion In prevention-based studies that face unplanned system and political barriers to recruitment, embedding the study in the community may aid in reestablishing trust levels to improve engagement and recruitment of clinic partners and eligible participants.
Therapeutic lying: Brazilian speech and language therapists’ point of view about a controversial communication strategy employed in the care for people with dementia

ABSTRACT Purpose The objective of this research was to obtain the speech and language therapists’ point of view about the use of therapeutic lying as a communication strategy in dementia care. Methods The present research was a quantitative, qualitative, and descriptive cross-sectional study. Data was collected through an online survey with multiple choices and open answer questions. Results The quantitative results indicated that the majority of the speech and language therapists have already used therapeutic lying as a communicative strategy and wish to learn more about it, considering the technique as relatively valid, ethical and adequate. The qualitative results indicated the reasons for the usage of the technique: to reassure the patient in case of agitation; to encourage engagement in therapy; to avoid stress-related to memory loss; to manage difficulty or refusal to eat; to manage difficulty or refusal for drug treatment; to prevent patients from leaving the building; to manage delirium, confusion and/or paranoia; to ensure safety; and for use when other strategies do not work. Conclusion The majority of speech and language therapists use therapeutic lying in their clinical practice, taking into consideration the best interest of the person with dementia, although professionals recognize their lack of knowledge on the subject. They have considered the communication strategy as relatively ethical, valid and adequate. The article calls attention to the necessity of education and guidelines for speech and language therapists in the use of therapeutic lying among people with dementia.
A salutogenic urban design framework: the case of UK local high streets and older people

Summary The article provides a novel look at the links between salutogenesis, health promotion, and urban design supported by the findings of recent research on local high streets and their benefits for the well-being of older people. Salutogenesis and the related explanatory concept of sense of coherence (SOC) have provided a theoretical framework for developing healthy settings interventions, shifting the focus from exploring barriers and deficits to assets and resources in promoting people’s health and well-being. While these concepts have informed policies and programmes at the level of regions and cities, no attempt has been made to establish more direct links with the disciplines devoted to the organization and design of the built environment at the scale of public spaces and streets. This article advances the idea that the main categories of SOC—comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness—have found application in urban design theory. Linking these categories with urban design concepts in a comprehensive framework, it is possible to guide interventions aimed at strenghtening well-being resources available in the public realm. This is corroborated by the findings resulting from a study of the well-being experiences of older people (n = 84) across a range of local high streets in the city of Edinburgh (UK) applying an innovative multi-methods approach. The discussion establishes the links between well-being benefits, SOC constructs and urban design concepts, and underscores the potential of the proposed framework to guide a design-oriented salutogenic approach to the built environment.
Global Structure and Dynamics of Advection-dominated Accretion Flows around Black Holes

We present global solutions that describe advection-dominated accretion flows around black holes. The solutions are obtained by solving numerically a set of coupled ordinary differential equations corresponding to a steady axisymmetric height-integrated flow. The solutions satisfy consistent boundary conditions at both ends. On the inside, the flow passes through a sonic point and falls supersonically into the black hole with a zero-torque condition at the horizon. On the outside, the flow attaches to a normal thin accretion disk. We obtain consistent transonic solutions for a wide range of values of the viscosity parameter α, from 0.001 to 0.3. We do not find any need for shocks in our solutions, and we disagree with previous claims that viscous accretion flows with low values of α must have shocks. We compare the exact global solutions of this paper with a local self-similar solution that has been studied in the past. Although the self-similar solution makes significant errors close to the boundaries, we find that it provides nevertheless a reasonable description of the overall properties of the flow. We compare also two different forms of viscosity: one is based on a diffusion prescription, while the other takes the shear stress to be simply proportional to the pressure. The results with the two prescriptions are similar. We see a qualitative difference between solutions with low values of the visocity parameter, α ≲ 0.01, and those with large values, α ≳ 0.01. The solutions with low α have their sonic transitions occurring close to the radius of the marginally bound orbit. These flows are characterized by regions of super-Keplerian rotation and have pressure maxima outside the sonic point. The solutions are similar in many respects to the hydrostatic thick tori developed previously as models of active galactic nuclei. In contrast, the solutions with large α have sonic transitions farther out, close to, or beyond the marginally stable orbit and have no super-Keplerian rotation or pressure maxima. We believe these flows will be nearly quasi-spherical down to the sonic radius and will not have empty funnels along the rotation axis. The large-α solutions are more likely to be representative of real systems, since most observations of astrophysical systems are best fit, within the context of advection-dominated theories, with values of α ≳ 0.1.
One Health Analysis of mcr-Carrying Plasmids and Emergence of mcr-10.1 in Three Species of Klebsiella Recovered from Humans in China

Reports of mcr-1 and mcr-8 are common in China; however, few studies have reported mcr-9 and mcr-10. One reason is that the newly described variants can be phenotypically colistin susceptible and thus may not be identified. ABSTRACT The global dissemination of the mobile colistin resistance (mcr) gene illustrates how the use of colistin in veterinary medicine can affect human health, exemplifying the concept of One Health. This study screened for the existence of mcr variants (from mcr-1 to mcr-10) in a 5-year collection of clinical Klebsiella short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from a tertiary hospital in China (2013 to 2018) and aimed to identify the mechanisms of mcr spread. MICs were measured for the mcr-positive isolates, and long-read sequencing was performed to complete the mcr-positive genome sequences. Six variants (mcr-1.1, mcr-8.1, mcr-8.2, mcr-9.1, mcr-9.2, and mcr-10.1) were identified in 20 genomes, with plasmids from the IncFIIK, IncHI2, IncI2, and IncX4 groups. Highly similar plasmids (coverage, >75%; nucleotide identity, >98.5%) isolated from silver gulls, chickens, pigs, wastewater treatment plants, and hospital sewage were identified in GenBank. The MICs of the mcr-1- and mcr-8-carrying isolates were ≥4 μg/mL; however, the MICs of the mcr-9- and mcr-10-carrying isolates ranged from 0.5 μg/mL to 1 μg/mL (colistin susceptible). The variants mcr-1 to mcr-9 were found only in Klebsiella pneumoniae, while mcr-10.1 was found in K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. quasipneumoniae, and Klebsiella variicola. A pair of inverted repeats (IRs) was identified for hsdSMR-ISEc36-mcr-10.1-xerC; IR-1 (5′-TCAAACGTA) was inside the attL site of xerC, indicating that mcr-10.1 was originally integrated by xerC and mobilized by ISEc36 afterwards. In conclusion, this is the first report of mcr-10.1 susceptible to colistin in three species of Klebsiella. This study shows the genetic events that happened to mcr-10.1 in a stepwise manner, with the first step being XerC integration and the second being ISEc36 mobilization. Finally, this study also highlights mcr transmission between humans and nature. IMPORTANCE Reports of mcr-1 and mcr-8 are common in China; however, few studies have reported mcr-9 and mcr-10. One reason is that the newly described variants can be phenotypically colistin susceptible and thus may not be identified. This study identified the mcr-positive clinical isolates by investigating WGS data for 2,855 Klebsiella isolates (including K. pneumoniae, K. quasipneumoniae subsp. quasipneumoniae, and K. variicola) and found three mcr-9 and three mcr-10 cases (MICs, 0.5 μg/mL to 1 μg/mL; colistin susceptible). This study also reveals a pair of perfect 9-bp IRs of ISEc36 and the precise mcr-10.1 integration and insertion events that happened to the IncFIIK plasmids. A One Health analysis of highly similar plasmid structures from human and nonhuman sources emphasizes the plasmid transmission and evolution process.
Electro-diffusion of ions

Preface Introduction Nonlinear effects in electro-diffusional equilibrium Locally electro-neutral electro-diffusion without electric current Stationary current with local electro-neutrality The nonequilibrium Space charge in one-dimensional electro-diffusion A prototypical convective electro-diffusional phenomenon -electro-osmotic oscillations References.
Compatibility of t-structures for quantum symplectic resolutions

Let W be a smooth complex quasiprojective variety with the action of a connected reductive group G. Adapting the stratification approach of Teleman to a microlocal context, we prove a vanishing theorem for the functor of G-invariant sections---i.e., of quantum Hamiltonian reduction---for G-equivariant twisted D-modules on W. As a consequence, when W is affine we establish an effective combinatorial criterion for exactness of the global sections functors of microlocalization theory. When combined with our earlier derived equivalence results, this gives precise criteria for "microlocalization of representation categories. "