Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic Analysis of a Bacterial Strain of the Genus Rothia Detected in Suspension Culture Cells of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh as a Member of the Family Micrococcaceae

We report phylogenetic studies of a bacterial isolate (Isolate SG) recovered from a suspension culture of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. In doing this, we use the known results acquired by whole genome sequencing of the DNA of Micrococcaceae strains closely related to Isolate SG in the 16S rRNA gene test and we evaluate the intra- and intergeneric taxonomic relationships between them using a set of five whole genome tests (ANI, AAI, MiGA, GTDB-Tk, and AAI-profiler). Quantitative analysis of the clustering of the proteomes of these strains by the average amino acid identity (AAI)-based test showed the need to clarify (with possible renaming) the generic assignment of the strains both within and between the identified monophyletic groups. The need for such reclassification was also shown by the AAI-profiler test (Medlar et al., 2018) against the UniProt database (250 million records) with the proteome of Rothia sp. ND6WE1A – a strain most evolutionarily similar to Isolate SG. The contradictions in the historically given names of strains and metagenomic objects at the genus and family levels, which were identified by using sets of the genomes and proteomes of the strains related to Isolate SG, can be eliminated with appropriate reclassification of the objects by using quantitative criteria in the AAI-based tests.
NNs‐Based Event‐Triggered Consensus Control of a Class of Uncertain Nonlinear Multi‐Agent Systems

We are concerned with the consensus problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear multi‐agent systems (MASs) connected through an undirected communication topology via event‐triggered approaches in this paper. Two distributed control strategies, the adaptive centralized event‐triggered control one and adaptive distributed event‐triggered control one, are presented utilizing neural networks (NNs) and event‐driven mechanisms, where the advantages of the proposed control laws lie that they remove the requirement for exact priori knowledge about parameters of individual agents by taking advantage of NNs approximators and they save computing and communication resources since control tasks only execute at certain instants with respect to predefined threshold functions. Also, the trigger coefficient can be regulated adaptively with dependence on state errors to ensure not only the control performance but also the efficiency of the network interactions. It is proven that all signals in the closed‐loop system are bounded and the Zeno behavior is excluded. Finally, simulation examples are presented for illustration of the theoretical claims.
Journeys Beyond The Standard Model

This book should be at the side of every particle and nuclear physics graduate student and professional. Journeys Beyond the Standard Model starts with a detailed and modern account of the Standard Model of elementary particle physics, the paradigm of particle physics for the last twenty years. Its timely release coincides with the recent dramatic discovery that the neutrino has a finite mass, which is the first indication that the Standard Model is an incomplete description of fundamental physics at short distances. This book presents in detail three possible generalizations of the Standard Model: its extension to accommodate neutrino masses; its extension to avoid CP violation in the strong interactions by introducing a new particle, the axion; and finally, its generalization to low-energy supersymmetry, which provides a link between the standard model and Einstein's theory of general relativity.This graduate text complements the author's previous book, Modern Field Theory: A Primer, which focuses on the methodology of particle physics. Its aim is to give students and professional physicists alike a thorough understanding of the phenomena described by the Standard Model, while keeping track of the most recent and cutting-edge principles of elementary particle physics.
The Effect of the Realistic Mathematical Approach Towards the Result of Learning Mathematics Reviewed from the Ability of Numerical Students

This study aims to determine the effect of realistic mathematical approach to mathematics learning outcomes in terms of numerical ability of students of class VII SMPN 1 Enrekang. This research is quasi experimental research with research design used by researcher is treatment by levels of design. Methods of data collection used were the test of learning outcomes and numerical ability tests. Analytical techniques used are descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis with hypothesis testing using two-track anova and Tukey’s advanced test. The results showed that: (1) there was a difference of mathematics learning outcomes between students who followed the learning with realistic mathematics approach and conventional learning in grade VII students SMPN 1 Enrekang (F arithmatic = 39,215> Ftable = 4.08), (2) there is interaction effect between realistic mathematics approach with numerical ability to mathematics learning result (F arithmatic = 4,730> F table = 4,08); (3) there is difference of mathematics learning result of student having high numerical ability following realistic mathematics approach and conventional learning of class VII SMPN 1 Enrekang (MD = 7,09; p <0,05); (4) there is difference of mathematics learning result of student with low numerical ability following realistic mathematics approach and conventional learning of grade VII student SMPN1 Enrekang (MD = 14,64; p <0.05).
Robust M-estimation Based Matrix Completion

Conventional approaches to matrix completion are sensitive to outliers and impulsive noise. This paper develops robust and computationally efficient M-estimation based matrix completion algorithms. By appropriately arranging the observed entries, and then applying alternating minimization, the robust matrix completion problem is converted into a set of regression M-estimation problems. Making use of differentiable loss functions, the proposed algorithm overcomes a weakness of the ℓp-loss (p ≤ 1), which easily gets stuck in an inferior point. We prove that our algorithm converges to a stationary point of the nonconvex problem. Huber’s joint M-estimate of regression and scale can be used as a robust starting point for Tukey’s redescending M-estimator of regression based on an auxiliary scale. Numerical experiments on synthetic and real-world data demonstrate the superiority to state-of-the-art approaches.
Collective motion in a suspension of micro-swimmers that run-and-tumble and rotary diffuse

Recent experiments have shown that suspensions of swimming micro-organisms are characterized by complex dynamics involving enhanced swimming speeds, large-scale correlated motions and enhanced diffusivities of embedded tracer particles. Understanding this dynamics is of fundamental interest and also has relevance to biological systems. The observed collective dynamics has been interpreted as the onset of a hydrodynamic instability, of the quiescent isotropic state of pushers, swimmers with extensile force dipoles, above a critical threshold proportional to the swimmer concentration. In this work, we develop a particle-based model to simulate a suspension of hydrodynamically interacting rod-like swimmers to estimate this threshold. Unlike earlier simulations, the velocity disturbance field due to each swimmer is specified in terms of the intrinsic swimmer stress alone, as per viscous slender-body theory. This allows for a computationally efficient kinematic simulation where the interaction law between swimmers is known a priori. The neglect of induced stresses is of secondary importance since the aforementioned instability arises solely due to the intrinsic swimmer force dipoles. Our kinematic simulations include, for the first time, intrinsic decorrelation mechanisms found in bacteria, such as tumbling and rotary diffusion. To begin with, we simulate so-called straight swimmers that lack intrinsic orientation decorrelation mechanisms, and a comparison with earlier results serves as a proof of principle. Next, we simulate suspensions of swimmers that tumble and undergo rotary diffusion, as a function of the swimmer number density $(n)$ , and the intrinsic decorrelation time (the average duration between tumbles, ${\it\tau}$ , for tumblers, and the inverse of the rotary diffusivity, $D_{r}^{-1}$ , for rotary diffusers). The simulations, as a function of the decorrelation time, are carried out with hydrodynamic interactions (between swimmers) turned off and on, and for both pushers and pullers (swimmers with contractile force dipoles). The ‘interactions-off’ simulations allow for a validation based on analytical expressions for the tracer diffusivity in the stable regime, and reveal a non-trivial box size dependence that arises with varying strength of the hydrodynamic interactions. The ‘interactions-on’ simulations lead us to our main finding: the existence of a box-size-independent parameter that characterizes the onset of instability in a pusher suspension, and is given by $nUL^{2}{\it\tau}$ for tumblers and $nUL^{2}/D_{r}$ for rotary diffusers; here, $U$ and $L$ are the swimming speed and swimmer length, respectively. The instability manifests as a bifurcation of the tracer diffusivity curves, in pusher and puller suspensions, for values of the above dimensionless parameters exceeding a critical threshold.
Generalized slip condition over rough surfaces

A macroscopic boundary condition to be used when a fluid flows over a rough surface is derived. It provides the slip velocity $\boldsymbol{u}_{S}$ on an equivalent (smooth) surface in the form $\boldsymbol{u}_{S}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}{\mathcal{L}}\boldsymbol{ : }{\mathcal{E}}$ , where the dimensionless parameter $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}$ is a measure of the roughness amplitude, ${\mathcal{E}}$ denotes the strain-rate tensor associated with the outer flow in the vicinity of the surface and ${\mathcal{L}}$ is a third-order slip tensor arising from the microscopic geometry characterizing the rough surface. This boundary condition represents the tensorial generalization of the classical Navier slip condition. We derive this condition, in the limit of small microscopic Reynolds numbers, using a multi-scale technique that yields a closed system of equations, the solution of which allows the slip tensor to be univocally calculated, once the roughness geometry is specified. We validate this generalized slip condition by considering the flow about a rough sphere, the surface of which is covered with a hexagonal lattice of cylindrical protrusions. Comparisons with direct numerical simulations performed in both laminar and turbulent regimes allow us to assess the validity and limitations of this condition and of the mathematical model underlying the determination of the slip tensor ${\mathcal{L}}$ .
Anapole-Enhanced Intrinsic Raman Scattering from Silicon Nanodisks

Enhancement of inelastic light emission processes through resonant excitation usually correlates with enhanced scattering of the excitation light, as is for example typically the case for surface-enhanced fluorescence and Raman scattering from plasmonic nanostructures. Here, we demonstrate an unusual case where a reverse correlation is instead observed, that is, we measure a multifold enhancement of Raman emission along with suppressed elastic scattering. The system enabling this peculiar effect is composed of silicon nanodisks excited in the so-called anapole state, for which electric and toroidal dipoles interfere destructively in the far-field, thereby preventing elastic scattering, while the optical fields in the core of the silicon particles are enhanced, thus, amplifying light–matter interaction and Raman scattering at the Stokes-shifted emission wavelength. Our results demonstrate an unusual relation between resonances in elastic and inelastic scattering from nanostructures and suggest a route towa.
High thermopower and potential thermoelectric properties of crystalline LiH and NaH

We use first-principles calculations combined with the Boltzmann transport equation and semiclassical analysis to investigate the thermal conductivity $\ensuremath{\kappa}$, electrical conductivity $\ensuremath{\sigma}$, and thermopower $S$ of crystalline LiH and NaH. Remarkably, the calculated $S$ is extraordinarily high while the lattice thermal conductivity ${\ensuremath{\kappa}}_{\mathrm{L}}$ is fairly low, which, as a result, leads to a much high thermoelectric power factor $\ensuremath{\sigma}{S}^{2}$ and good thermoelectric properties, with the figure of merit $zT$ even larger than 1.5 in the $p$-type doped NaH. Further analyses reveal that (i) the large band gap and the flat band around the Fermi level cause the high $S$ and (ii) strong anharmonic phonon scatterings and relevant phonon group velocities result in the low ${\ensuremath{\kappa}}_{\mathrm{L}}$ in these light materials. Our results support that crystalline LiH and NaH may be potential materials for thermoelectric applications.
Stability of a liquid film flowing down an inclined anisotropic and inhomogeneous porous layer: an analytical description

We study the effect of anisotropy and inhomogeneity in the permeability of the porous layer on the stability of surface waves of an inclined fluid–porous double-layer system. The fluid is assumed to be Newtonian and the porous layer to be Darcian. The porous layer is saturated with the same fluid and the two layers are coupled at the interface via the Beavers–Joseph condition. Linear stability analysis is performed based on a long-wave approximation. The resulting eigenvalue problem is exactly solved up to third order in the wavenumber. The anisotropic behaviour of permeability, cross-stream component of permeability, surface tension and porosity are found to have only higher-order effects on the stability characteristics of the system. On the other hand, the inhomogeneous feature in the streamwise component of permeability play a dominant role in determining the stability of the gravity-driven surface waves; as do other system parameters such as the thickness of the fluid layer relative to that of the porous layer and the Beavers–Joseph coefficient.
Recombination defects at the 4H-SiC/SiO2 interface investigated with electrically detected magnetic resonance and ab initio calculations

The selectivity of electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) is utilized to probe the dominant recombination defect at the Si-face 4H-SiC/SiO2 interface. The nature of this defect has long been debated with the two main candidates being the Si vacancy (VSi) or the C-dangling bond (PbC). Through comparison between experimental EDMR measurements and ab initio calculations, an important performance limiting recombination defect observed with EDMR in the current generation of nMOSFETs is reasonably explained as a combination of the PbC and the dual-PbC defects. These defects match the symmetry, hyperfine interaction, and isotopic abundance observed in the experimental EDMR spectrum.
Bilinear and parallel prediction methods

To make accurate predictions about a system one must develop a model for that system. Bilinear models are often attractive options because they allow the user to model nonlinear interactions between variables in complicated systems with (potentially) millions of variables. In this work we apply bilinear models to two separate domains and present novel models for improved prediction accuracy and novel heuristics for solving the optimization problems that arise from the use of bilinear models. In the first system we use a bilinear model to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of a rechargeable lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery. The approach used to solve the bilinear model leverages bilinear kernel regression to build a nonlinear mapping between the capacity feature space and the RUL state space. Specific innovations of the approach include: a general framework for robust sparse prognostics that effectively incorporates sparsity into kernel regression and implicitly compensates for errors in capacity features; and two numerical procedures for error estimation that efficiently derives optimal values of the regression model parameters. Second, we apply a bilinear model to the matrix completion problem, where one seeks to recover a data matrix from a small sample of observed entries. We assume the matrix we wish to recover is low-rank (the rank of the matrix is much less than either dimension) and model it as the product of two low-rank matrices. We then adapt existing parallel solutions to this model for use on a graphics processing unit (GPU). Additionally, we introduce a novel method for inductive matrix completion on a GPU.
Surface Plasmon Effects and Resonance State on Square Lattice of Metallic Photonic Crystals and Defect Mode in h Polarization

The surface plasmon effect in metallic photonic crystals has been investigated. Band structure graph is the only graph that can be used to explain the characteristics of photonic crystals. In this work, band structure graphs have been used to describe these characteristics, which include the surface plasmon effect of photonic crystals. Recently, band structure graphs for frequency-dependent materials have been analyzed by several researchers. The surface plasmon effect has been found for these materials. This article reports the effect of surface plasmons which cause resonance state in the metallic photonic crystals when the relative permittivity is changed from band structure graphs. The numerical results from the commercial software show the magnetic field distribution of waves on the normal photonic crystals, and defect mode is added for each frequency.
An integral equation approach for analysis of control charts

This thesis is concerned with the use of Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts for detection of change-point in distributions in quality control and surveillance problems. We derive explicit analytical formulas and develop numerical algorithms for evaluating important characteristics of "Exponentially Weighted Moving Average" (EWMA) control charts for a range of distributions. The most popular characteristics of a control chart are Average Run Length (ARL) - the mean of observations/times that are taken before a system is signalled to be out-of-control when it is actually still in-control, and Average Delay (AD) time - the mean of delay of true alarm times before a system that is actually out-of-control is signalled to be out-of- control. An important property required of ARL is that it should be sufficiently large when the process is in-control to reduce a number of false alarms. On the other side, if the process is actually out-of-control then its AD should be as small as possible. Traditional methods that are used for evaluating chart characteristics include Markov Chain Approach (MCA), Integral Equation (IE) and Monte Carlo simulation (MC) methods. Some crucial features of the methods are as follows: the MCA requires many matrix inversions and there is no theoretical proof of convergence of the method; the IE is most advanced method and it was used before only for Gaussian distribution; the MC is very time consuming. In this thesis, we find explicit formulas for ARL and AD of EWMA in the case when observations are exponentially distributed. These explicit formulas can be applied to some other distributions, e.g. the Pareto distribution. The numerical results obtained from our explicit formulas are compared with results obtained from the Monte Carlo simulation (MC) and Markov Chain Approach (MCA). We also compare the performance of the EWMA procedure with charts obtained with the CUSUM and Shiryayev-Roberts procedures. The technique that we use to derive the formulas for an exponential distribution cannot be used to derive formulas for gamma and Wei bull distributions. However, we have developed a different method for evaluating the ARL and AD for the case of gamma and Weibull distributions . This method is based on a numerical solution of Integral Equations based on Gauss-Legendre integration rules to approximate the integrals. Numerical results for these distributions are compared with results from other approaches.
Orbital decay in triaxial shaped dark matter haloes

Orbital Decay in Triaxial Shaped Dark Matter Haloes by Ja lp esh Sachania In cosmological simulations of structure formation of the universe, the dark m atter halos in which galaxies are embedded in, are triaxial in shape. Simulations which focus in on galaxies in isolation do not use triaxial dark m atter halos but use spherical shaped halos instead, as triaxial equilibrium models are hard to create. Using a new method of creating initial conditions, which is able to create triaxial equilibrium models, the effect of using a triaxial halo in simulations of satellite accretion will be studied. In previous studies with a spherical shaped dark m atter halo, the initial position of the satellite is unim portant due to the symmetry of the system, however in a triaxial halo this is not the case and the initial position becomes im portant. A study of the parameter space of the initial position and velocity of a satellite is undertaken and the orbital decay is compared in each case. The different mergers will also have different effects upon the halo itself as the orbital energy of the satellite is transferred to the halo. The effects of a minor merger onto the halo is investigated and compared to the scenario more commonly used when the halo is spherical. This study is then extended to find out whether the orbital decay in a triaxial potential, which can differ significantly from th a t in a spherical halo, can be used to explain the observations of polar ring galaxies and gas discs in elliptical galaxies.
Short-term weather fluctuation and quality assessment of oxbows

— Our aim was to study the effects of short-term weather fluctuations on the quality of oxbows, based on the physico-chemical parameters of the water. The present study explored the effect of precipitation, temperature, and the water level of the main river on the quality of oxbows. We assessed the quality of four oxbows in the Upper Tisza region (north Hungary) over a two-year period. Water samples were collected in the summer in 2011 and 2012, and 12 physico-chemical parameters were investigated. We found positive correlations between the dissolved oxygen, water temperature, concentration of hydro carbonate, nitrate, pH, conductivity and the average temperature. Canonical discriminant analysis showed that the studied oxbows were similar in 2011 and 2012, based on physico-chemical parameters. Significant differences were found between the years, in terms of the water temperature, the content of suspended solids, and the concentrations of carbonate and chloride. Our results show that only short-term weather changes such as less precipitation and higher temperature cause the quality of oxbows to deteriorate. Our results demonstrated that the water quality of oxbows is influenced by the River Tisza, because the decrease in the water level of the Tisza was also responsible for the differences between the years, based on the physical-chemical parameters of the water. parameters of water, weather change, drought index, degradation, emerse vegetation, submerse vegetation anthropogenic activities did not cause the degradation in the state of the oxbows. Our findings suggest that the degradation of the water quality of the oxbows is only slightly influenced by precipitation and temperature. The degradation depends on the water level of the main river, and the frequency and duration of the flooding.