Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of in vitro propagation protocol for some recalcitrant cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes in Sierra Leone

A study on rapid propagation of cassava through tissue culture was conducted with three elite cassava genotypes: Slicass 6, Slicass 11 and Cocoa from Sierra-Leone. They showed slow growth in Murashige & Skoog (MS) basal medium which was proven to be optimal for a vast number of cassava accessions. Prior to mutation induction, a large population needs to be produced for mutagen susceptibility test and for mutant population development. The ultimate objective of this study was to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators on the shoot development of three cassava genotypes. In vivo shoot tips were sterilized and sub-cultured on MS media supplemented with six combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) at different concentrations. The results showed that from all media used, the MS medium with 1.0 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) showed the best response for rooting (5.50), fresh weight (0.29 g), root number (10.00) and plantlet height (3.81 cm), while 0.1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was found to be more favourable to shoot development of leaves (6.38). The highest plant height and fresh weight were 3.81 cm and 0.29 g, respectively for Cocoa at 1.0 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 10.00 roots for Slicass 6 at 1.0 mg/L, 6.37 leaf numbers for Slicass 11 at 0.1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 5.6 at 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). These observations indicate that a supplement of 0.1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) in MS medium can be useful in propagation of recalcitrant cassava and low concentration of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) will be beneficial in root induction prior to acclimatization with promotion in recovery of the ex vitro plants before field assessment. Key words: Cassava, Manihot esculenta, propagation, shoot tip, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA).
Cultural variations in whether, why, how, and at what cost people are proactive: A followership perspective

The objective of this conceptual article is to illustrate how differences in societal culture may affect employees’ proactive work behaviors (PWBs) and to develop a research agenda to guide future research on cross-cultural differences in PWBs. We propose that the societal cultural dimensions of power distance, individualism–collectivism, future orientation, and uncertainty avoidance shape individuals’ implicit followership theories (IFTs). We discuss how these cross-cultural differences in individuals’ IFTs relate to differences in the mean-level of PWB individuals show (whether), in the motivational states driving individuals’ PWBs (why), in the way individuals’ enact PWBs (how), and in the evaluation of PWBs by others (at what cost). We recommend how future research can extend this theorizing and unpack the proposed cross-cultural differences in PWBs, for example, by exploring how culture and other contextual variables interact to affect PWBs.
Genopolitics: introductory remarks

The study of political attitudes and behaviours is important from a cognitive point of view and carries considerable practical implications. Therefore, researchers should consider the widest possible spectrum of factors determining the participation of individuals in politics. Their analyses, however, are usually limited to the effects of environmental factors, ignoring or marginalizing the impact of genetic factors. An approach called ‘genopolitics’ has been trying to fill the resulting knowledge gap for over a decade. The aim of this article is to provide a synthetic description of genopolitics based on institutional, methodological, epistemological and social criteria. The main points of consideration are the assessment of the explanatory utility of genopolitical research, as well as the analysis of the cognitive and non-cognitive conditions and barriers to the development of genopolitics.
Polymer‐Based Low‐Temperature Thermoelectric Composites

Thermoelectric materials allow direct conversion of waste heat energy into electrical energy, thus contributing to solving energy related issues. Polymer‐based materials have been considered for use in heat conversion in the temperature range from 20 to 200 °C, within which conventional materials are not efficient enough, whereas polymers due to their good electronic transport properties, easy processability, non‐toxicity, flexibility, abundance, and simplicity of adjustment, are considered as promising materials. Due to the large variety of available polymers and the almost unlimited combinations of possible modifications, the field of polymer‐based thermoelectrics is very rapidly developing, already reaching efficiency values close to those of inorganic systems. In the current progress report, the most recent advances in the field are discussed. New approaches to improve thermoelectric performance are described, with a focus on revising the mechanisms to improve the thermoelectric properties of the three most investigated polymer matrixes: poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonat, poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl), and polyaniline, alongside the three main paths of optimizing properties: incorporation of carbon‐based material and inorganic substances, and treatment with chemical agents. The most promising research in the field is highlighted and thoroughly analyzed. The path toward a lab‐to‐fab transition for thermoelectric polymers is suggested in perspective.
Complete mitochondrial genome of the three Colombian Caribbean loggerhead sea turtles, using next-generation sequencing

Abstract The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758), is an endangered sea turtle in Colombian Caribbean beach. In the present study was sequenced the complete mitochondrial DNA of three loggerhead turtles using Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS). The average nucleotide frequency was A: 35% T: 26%, C: 27% and G: 12%. This genome provides knowledge to the study of genetic variations and evolution of mitochondrial genomes of C. caretta. The sequences were deposited at the GenBank database under the accession number MF554690.1, MF579504.1 and MF579505.1.
Soil Microbial Community Structure and Composition in Chinese Fir Plantations of Different Ages in Fujian, Southeast China

ABSTRACT What effects the stand age has on the soil microbial structure and composition remains unclear. The topsoil (0–20 cm) of 3- (YF), 12- (MAF), and 38-year-old (MF) Chinese fir plantations were selected as research objects. We found that the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) concentration and OTUs of bacteria and fungi exhibited an uptrend as the stand age increased. Among dominant bacterial and fungal phyla, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in YF was significantly higher than that in MF and MAF and the relative abundance of Basidiomycota in MF was significantly higher than that in MAF and YF. Interestingly, the relative abundance of three predominant fungal phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota in MAF were lower than those in MF and YF. The significant difference in the relative abundance of some bacterial phyla (e.g., Ignavibacteriae, Latescibacteria, Nitrospirae, and Tectomicrobia) was also found with stand age, and organic matter, pH, available P, available N, and available K were the main factors for the variances in the biomass and structure of soil microbial communities. These findings showed that considering the shift in the structure and composition of microbial communities might improve our understanding of soil fertility maintenance and sustainable management of these plantations.
The Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Online Learning (SeQoL)

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Online Learning (SeQoL; Shen et al., 2013). Using two samples of college students, this study examined evidence of construct validity, concurrent validity, convergent validity, and reliability for the SeQoL. Confirmatory factor analysis and latent profiles analysis were conducted to provide different aspects of construct validity evidence. Our results suggest the SeQoL consistently measures the five dimensions of online learning self-efficacy found in Shen et al.’s original study. We flagged five items from the original scale for further examination. In the current study, strong construct validity and reliability evidence were observed across two different samples, analytical approaches, and related measures. Online learners with higher online learning self-efficacy were found to have higher learning satisfaction and expect better grades. Interpretations and implications of the findings are discussed.
Treatment Management by following Hematological Tips in a Postpartum Case Infected with COVID-19

Much is unknown about COVID-19 and its effects. The findings reported here aim to emphasize the clinical features of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women, the treatment process in the postpartum period, the presence of co-infection, and the value of hematological parameters in the management of the treatment. Introduction Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel viral disease with person-to-person transmission that has spread many other countries worldwide since the end of 2019 (1-5) . The World Health Organization (WHO) characterized the COVID19 outbreak as a pandemic on March 11, 2020 when the number of cases of COVID-19 outside China increased 13-fold (6) . Over a few months, COVID-19 has spread rapidly, with more than 8 million confirmed cases on June 15, 2020. COVID-19 is a systemic infection with clinical manifestations mainly included fatigue, fever, non-productive cough, dyspnea and a significant impact on the hematopoietic system (7,8) . Patients' laboratory examinations included lymphocyte, platelet and hemoglobin count dynamics, and inflammatory indices; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, fibrinogen and D-dimers may help to identify cases with a dismal prognosis and prompt intervention to improve outcomes (9) . The clinical manifestations and laboratory symptoms are similar to other viral infections and systemic inflammatory conditions. Therefore, the differential diagnosis is required. Herein, we report a postpartum case of infected with COVID19 in which the first clinical symptoms were related to disease progression. However, in ongoing clinical follow-up, it was noticed that the only cause was not COVID-19. Based on abnormalities in hematological parameters, she was successfully treated as a result of a multidisciplinary approach. Case Report A 35-year-old woman at 34 weeks of pregnancy suffering shortness of breath, weakness and sore http://jmscr.igmpublication. org/home/ ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i9.32
Weakly supervised classification of rare aortic valve malformations using unlabeled cardiac MRI sequences

Population-scale biomedical repositories such as the UK Biobank provide unprecedented access to prospectively collected cardiac imaging data, however the majority of these data are unlabeled, creating barriers to their use in supervised machine learning. We developed a weakly supervised deep learning model for Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) classification using up to 4,000 unlabeled cardiac MRI sequences. Instead of requiring curated, hand-labeled training data, weak supervision relies on noisy heuristics defined by domain experts to programmatically generate large-scale, imperfect training labels. For BAV classification, training models using these imperfect labels substantially outperformed a traditional supervised model trained on hand-labeled MRIs. In a validation experiment using long-term outcome data from the UK Biobank, our classification model identified a subset of individuals with a 1.8-fold increase in risk of a major adverse cardiac event. This work formalizes the first deep learning baseline for aortic valve classification and outlines a general strategy for using weak supervision to train machine learning models using large collections of unlabeled medical images.
Factors Affecting Smoking Behaviors and Smoking Prevalence in Pregnancy and Postpartum Period of Women

Aim This study aimed to determine the factors affecting smoking behaviors and smoking prevalence among women during pregnancy and postpartum period. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2012 and October 2012 on a sample of 640 women who had children aged between one and three years and who enrolled in any one of the 23 family health centers located in the province of Sivas in Turkey. The data were collected through the questionnaires created by the researchers by interviewing the participants face to face in own homes. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 15.0 (SPSS Inc.; Chicago, IL, USA) package program and evaluated using number, percentage distribution, chi square test, logistic regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results Smoking prevalence was found to be 8% during pregnancy and 15.6% in the postpartum period. It was determined that 17.2% of the women smoked before their last pregnancy (n=110), more than half of the smokers quit smoking during pregnancy (n=59), and 46.4% of them continued to smoke during pregnancy. It was determined that 79.7% of the participants who quit smoking during pregnancy relapsed within the first one to three years of the postpartum period, and only 20.3% continued not to smoke. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that women who breastfed quit smoking for a significantly longer time (27.6 months) compared with those who did not breastfeed (12 months). According to the logistic regression analysis, the risk of postpartum relapse among women aged 30 years or more was 10.99-fold higher than women between the ages of 19 and 29. Conclusion The rate of pre-pregnancy smokers decreased in the pregnancy and increased in the postpartum period.
Exact controllability of linear mean‐field stochastic systems and observability inequality for mean‐field backward stochastic differential equations

This paper is concerned with the exact controllability of linear mean‐field stochastic systems with time‐variant random coefficients. We prove that the exact controllability, the validity of the observability inequality for the dual equation, the unique solvability of a family of optimal control problems, the unique solvability of a family of mean‐field forward‐backward stochastic differential equations (MF‐FBSDEs), and the unique solvability of a family of norm optimal control problems are all equivalent. Therefore, some approaches are provided to investigate the issue of exact controllability.
Effect of interactive marketing channels on service customer acquisition

Purpose The cost of customer acquisition is one of the largest expenses that service firms incur due to loss-generating quotes/proposals. This paper aims to connect interactive marketing communications channels with increased customer acquisition and non-interactive marketing communications channels with decreased customer acquisition by service firms. Design/methodology/approach Two field studies using hazard models were used to assess the probability of acquiring a new customer after the prospect first contacts the firm. Multiple discrete hazard models were used to compare channels against each other. Findings Three interactive marketing communications channels (word-of-mouth, online review forum, search engine optimization) increased the rate of acquiring a customer over time. I also compared non-interactive channels (billboard/signage, direct mail), but the analysis did not reveal any significant impact on acquisition rate by the non-interactive marketing communications channels. Originality/value The present study illustrates why the cost of acquisition is so high in the service sector and takes the unique step of linking interactive marketing communications channels with higher customer acquisition rates over time in a services context. Specifically, interactive marketing channels enable customers to find firms that offer the attributes that they seek, thereby increasing acquisition probabilities and decreasing acquisition costs.
Genetic Diversity within Two Tunisian Wild Jirds: Meriones shawi and Meriones libycus (Rodentia, Gerbillinae)

Three Meriones species inhabit Tunisia, namely M. shawi, M. libycus and M. crassus, but little genetic data exist on these gerbils. We collected Meriones from eight localities in Tunisia, and obtained mitochondrial (cytochrome b) and nuclear (IRBP) gene sequence data for 37 and 13 specimens, respectively, belonging to two species: M. shawi and M. libycus. We also optimised three microsatellite markers previously described in M. unguiculatus to obtain a finer analysis of their genetic diversity and geographic structure, given their wide distribution. Phylogenetic inferences of cyt b and IRBP data for these species, in the context of other gerbillin data, corroborate their taxonomic affinities reported by previous studies. High cyt b haplotype diversity was observed in both species (25 haplotypes in 29 and 27 sequences for M. shawi and M. libycus, respectively) with little geographical structure for M. shawi but three divergent groups in M. libycus. The average microsatellite diversity within each population was high (HO ≥ 0.6, HE ≥ 0.8) with M. libycus populations attaining the highest values. Population differentiation was moderate for several population pairs (Fst ≥ 0.1), the highest being between M. shawi populations. However, genetic distance among populations was not significantly correlated with geographic distance in either M. shawi or M. libycus. Our results contribute to a better characterisation of Tunisian Meriones species, suggesting high geographic structure in mtDNA of M. libycus populations within North Africa.
Influence of personality on music-genre exclusivity

Studies reveal consistent relationships between personality and preferred musical genre. This article explores these relationships using a novel methodology: genre dispersion among people’s mobile-phone music collections. By analyzing the download behavior of genre-based user subgroups, we investigated the following questions: (1) do genre-based subgroups exhibit different levels of genre exclusivity; and (2) does genre exclusivity relate to Big Five personality factors? We hypothesized that genre-based subgroups would vary in genre exclusivity, and that their degree of exclusivity would be associated with the personality factor of openness (if people have open personalities, they should be open to different musical styles). Consistent with our hypothesis, results showed that greater genre inclusivity, that is, many genres in people’s music collections, positively correlated with openness and (unexpectedly) agreeableness, suggesting that individuals with high openness and agreeableness have wider musical tastes than those with low openness and agreeableness. By demonstrating an association between personality and patterns of music consumption, this research serves to corroborate previous work linking genre preference and personality. The practical implications of this research may be useful in the implementation of music-recommendation systems.
Perception of Multisensory Wind Representation in Virtual Reality

The set of physical and sensitive phenomena that interacts with the urban morphology acts on the resulting perception from the users of a place. Its study and representation provides elements beyond the aesthetics aspects that can allow a better understanding of the space and future urban projects. We aim to analyze the effects of three different wind representations in terms of perception and sense of presence in virtual reality (VR). We focus on the following conditions: (R) reference scene with the audiovisual representation of the mechanical effects of the wind on the elements of the context, (V) reference scene plus the visualization of the wind flow, present (among others) in the architecture field, (T) reference scene plus tactile restitution of wind and eventually (V+T) assembling all previous conditions. For the experiment, we present to the participants (R), then (V) followed by (T), and finish with (V+T). 37 participants evaluated 12 different stop points (divided into four routes in the same simulated street), where they had to determine the perceived wind force and direction concerning the four different conditions (each one corresponding to one route). At the end of each route, participants evaluated their sense of presence in the VR scene. Our analysis showed significant effects of tactile restitution over the visual effects used in the study, both for understanding wind properties and for increasing the sense of presence in the VR scene. In terms of wind direction, (T) reduced the estimation error by 27% compared to (V). Concerning wind force, the reduction was 9.8%. As far as presence was concerned, (T) increased the sense of presence by 12.2% compared to (V). Index Terms: Human-centered computing—Human computer interaction (HCI)—HCI design and evaluation methods—User studies.
The Amazonian Low-Level Jet and Its Connection to Convective Cloud Propagation and Evolution

We describe the existence of an Amazonian low-level jet (ALLJ) that can affect the propagation and life cycle of convective systems from the northeast coast of South America into central Amazonia. Horizontal winds from reanalysis were analyzed during March–April–May (MAM) of the two years (2014–15) of the GoAmazon2014/5 field campaign. Convective system tracking was performed usingGOES-13infrared imagery and classified into days with high and weak convective activity. The MAM average winds show a nocturnal enhancement of low-level winds starting near the coast in the early evening and reaching 1600 km inland by late morning. Mean 3-hourly wind speeds maximize at 9–10 m s−1near 900 hPa, but individual days can have nighttime low-level winds exceeding 12 m s−1. Based on objective low-level wind criteria, the ALLJ is present 10%–40% of the time over the Amazon during MAM depending on the location and time of day. The evolution of the ALLJ across the Amazon impacts the frequency of occurrence of cloud clusters and the intensity of the moisture flux. In addition, the ALLJ is associated with the enhancement of northeasterly flow in the midtroposphere during active convective days, when vertical momentum transport may be occurring in the organized cloud clusters. During the weakly active convective period, the ALLJ is weaker near the coast but stronger across the central Amazon and appears to be linked more directly with the South American low-level jet.