Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Association between Dietary Habits and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are often characterized by impaired function of the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the associated neuromuscular system, which often leads to TMD-related pain. It involves a group of clinical conditions affecting the masticatory muscles, TMJ and other associated structures such as capsule and articular discs. Chewing and dietary habits are often considered as the factors stimulating the onset of TMD with many TMD patients complaining of pain around the area of TMJ following the intake of hard foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of dietary habits of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and its effects on the development of TMD. This retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the case records of 86,000 dental patients reported to Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India from June 2019 to March 2020. About 104 cases were included in the study by a simple random sampling method. These included 52 patients with temporomandibular disorder, and 52 patients without temporomandibular disorder. Patient’s name, patient’s identification number (PID), age, gender and dietary habits were collected from the patients’ case records. Data collected were analyzed using the SPSS version 23.0 and results obtained. Descriptive analysis was done, and categorical variables were expressed in frequency and percentage. Chi square test was used to evaluate the association between dietary habits and TMD. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Majority of the patients were on a mixed diet (65.38%) and the rest of them were vegetarian (34.62%). Prevalence of TMD was seen slightly higher in males (51.92%) compared to females (48.08%). Most of the TMD cases were observed in individuals within the 31-40 years age group (46.15%). A statistically significant association was present between dietary habits and TMD [p=0.039 (<0.05)]. Within the limits of the present study, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) showed higher predilection in males, within 31-40 years of age and in mixed diet patients. The association between dietary habits and temporomandibular joint disorders were statistically significant.
Tilburg University Inter-Industry Wage Differentials and Job Flows

The paper explores the relationship between job flows and wages in the U.S. manufacturing sector, where wage differentials for seemingly identical workers and job reallocation rates are shown to be negatively correlated across 3-digit industries. High wage industries have the lowest turnover of jobs, offering more secure employment opportunities. In a regression of wage differentials on industry characteristics, the role of job flows is robust to the inclusion of many variables that typically help explain the wage structure. However, average education in a worker’s industry, firm size, and capital-per-employee jointly render the coefficient on industry job flows low and insignificant. To explain these findings, an inter-sectoral equilibrium model of the labor market with endogenous job destruction is developed. Employer-provided training in firmspecific skills provides the necessary mechanism that increases wages when job flows are low, due to the dependence of training investments on expected job duration and through exogenous differences in skill requirements. The role of average education can then be explained by a complementarity between training and observable ex-ante abilities of workers, so that average education in the regression proxies for the average amount of training that workers receive in an industry.
Theoretical And Practical Problems of Negotiating Competencies Development for Business Management Students: Case of Lithuania

This paper discusses the problems associated with students' negotiating skills in education of business administration, discussing the problems of structure and content. Here are disclosed and described structural elements of business managers negotiating skills: personal characteristics, personal values, attitudes, knowledge, skills, abilities, emotional intelligence, charisma. Here are discussed the individualized work with students, the principles of organization’ student-centered learning and assumptions to develop managerial and negotiating skills. The paper also analyzes the structural elements of the negotiating skills and characterizes that their content can be developed by a planned, systematic and holistic approach. For this purpose there are highlighted the areas and fields in which the bargaining skills of business management students should be developed. In order to develop negotiating skills of business management students more effectively, here is the argument for the need to shift from teaching on knowledge-based education (called knowledge based approach) to learning paradigm in which education is based on competences (competences based approach): assessing the learning as a process involving the student’s thinking, perception, feelings, emotions, and behavioral processes and their changes during training process with an emphasis on the student’s experience accrued as a meaningful educational process, revealing growth of his skills (to see, to experience, to understand, to assimilate, to learn) in real or simulated learning activities.
FACTORS INFLUENCING ELECTRONIC WASTE (E-WASTE) SEPARATION INTENTION OF ELECTRONIC SHOP OWNERS IN BANGLADESH: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL

“E-waste refers to the reverse supply chain that collects products no longer desired by a given consumer and refurbishes for other consumers, recycles, or otherwise processes wastes,” (Step Initiative, 2014). E-waste observes rapid growth in comparison to the other forms of waste in the world (Fu et al., 2018; Oleszek et al., 2018). Nowadays, electronic waste (e-waste) is becoming an alarming issue that concerns the global environment and health inequity. Frequent and excessive production of electronic goods produces a huge amount of global e-waste (Aich et al., 2020). Balde et al., (2017) reported that the global production of e-waste was 44.7 million metric tonnes (MMT) in 2016 and estimated that it would increase to 52.2 MMT by 2021. This upward trend has serious consequences on environmental pollution and has become the root cause of many diseases for human health. This discarded e-waste is usually dumped in open landfills, open water bodies, and on farming land, causing severe health and environmental impacts. (Herat &Agamuthu, 2012). In the contemporary world, the issue of e-waste has great significance. On one hand, e-waste is a source of toxic elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and poly-brominated biphenyls; while on the other hand, it is also a treasure of precious metals such as iron, copper, aluminum, gold, silver and other valuable metals (Madrigal-Arias et al., 2015).
Geochemistry of Eocene to Pliocene strata of the Bengal Basin: Implications for provenance and erosion of the Himalaya

The earliest record of Himalayan detritus in the Himalayan foreland and the erosion sequence of different lithotectonic units of the Himalaya are critical for reconstructing collision and crustal deformation of the orogenic belt. In this study, bulk‐rock major, trace and rare earth elements of 19 fine‐grained clastic sedimentary rock samples from Eocene to Pliocene strata of the Bengal Basin were examined to study their provenance and erosion of the Himalaya. Combining with previous detrital zircon age data from the Bengal Basin, Nepal foreland basin, and South Tibet, we suggest that detritus from the uplifted Tethyan Himalayan Sequences and the Gangdese Arc had not been carried into the Himalayan foreland at least before Late Miocene, and that the Bengal Basin was in a passive continental margin setting from Eocene to Early Miocene, receiving detritus from a felsic sedimentary rock source. The earliest Himalayan detritus recorded in the Eocene strata of Bengal Basin were probably derived from the antecedent sedimentary cover of the Greater Himalayan crystalline rocks. We assume that the lack of Cretaceous Gangdese detritus in the Himalayan foreland from Eocene to Middle Miocene is due to a geomorphic barrier between the Tethyan Himalaya and the Himalayan foreland. Detritus from the Greater Himalayan crystalline rocks were first recorded in the Middle–Late Miocene Boka Bil Formation of the Bengal Basin, which is consistent with the uplift and exhumation time of the Greater Himalayan Sequences.
Daily practices and special events> exploring grinding technologies at the two neighbouring settlements of Kleitos in Late\Final Neolithic northern Greece

The article offers a detailed analysis of the grinding tool assemblage from the two neighbouring, partially contemporary and almost entirely excavated Late/Final Neolithic settlements of Kleitos, northwestern Greece. The data shed light on various choices regarding the organisation of the production and management of these implements. According to the evidence, grinding tools were not only used as part of the daily routine, but were also often used in special events. The limited rates of exhausted implements, the extreme fragmentation, and special patterns of deposition indicate the complex manipulation of grinding implements beyond their primary functions. IZVLE∞EK – V ≠lanku predstavljamo podrobno analizo zbira ∫rmelj iz dveh sosednjih, delno so≠asnih in skoraj v celoti izkopanih naselbin v kraju Kleitos na severozahodu Gr≠ije. Podatki osvetljujejo razli≠ne mo∫nosti pri organizaciji produkcije in upravljanju teh orodij. Dokazujemo, da ∫rmlje niso bile le del vsakodnevnih obi≠ajev, ampak so bile pogosto uporabljene pri posebnih dogodkih. Omejene koli≠ine uporabljenih orodij, izredna fragmentiranost in posebni vzorci odlaganja predmetov ka∫ejo na bolj kompleksno obdelavo ∫rmelj, ki presegajo njihovo osnovno namembnost.
Influence of Processing Temperatures of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6) and Polyoxymethylene (POM) on Some Mechanical Properties when Injecting Items Used in the Automotive Industry Based on Mechanical Resistance Tests

This paper analyses the influence of processing temperatures of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6) and polyoxymethylene (POM) on some mechanical properties when injecting items used in the automotive industry. The ABS specimens were made at the following injection temperatures: 220, 230, 240 and 250°C. The PA 6.6 specimens were made at the following injection temperatures: 280, 290, 300, 310 and 320°C. The POM specimens were made at the following injection temperatures: 180, 190, 200, and 210°C. The mechanical properties were measured using tensile tests, the Izod impact test and the Shore Durometer hardness test. It was observed that for these three polymers, the increase in processing temperature leads to insignificant changes in hardness. The Izod impact strengths of PA 6.6 and POM decrease to a minimum with an increase in processing temperature, while the further increase in processing temperatures leads to an increase in impact strength. Where ABS is concerned, the increase in processing temperature results in an increase in Izod impact strength. The tensile strength at break is influenced by the processing temperature. The highest tensile strength at break for ABS was recorded at 220°C, for PA 6.6 at 310°C and for POM at 200°C. The lowest values were recorded at the lowest and highest processing temperatures.
ANALYSIS OF SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, GENDER, AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS INFLUENCE ON STUDENT

Career maturity is defined as a person's ability to identify and prepare for a career choice. Career maturity will be necessary for students because as the level of career maturity increases, the achievement of their work will also increase. This study aims to determine the factors that influence student career maturity. The type of research used is correlational research with quantitative methods. Data were collected using a questionnaire method and data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression. The results of the regression analysis showed that gender variables influenced career maturity, while academic achievement and socioeconomic status do not have a significant influence on student career maturity.
A Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Survey about Antibiotic Misuse Among Pediatric Doctors, Pharmacies and Parents, Pharmacists and Parents in East of Libya

The emergence and spread of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing problem worldwide, which presents a significant threat to public health globally. The present study was designed to determine knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic use. A cross-sectional survey was performed using a questionnaire on a sample randomly selected from east Libya for pediatric doctors, pharmacies and parents. A total of 400 participating subjects were approached to be included in the study, 234 agreed to participate giving a response rate of 58.5%. The awareness of antimicrobial resistant was very high among the pharmacist and doctors responder (96.43%) (93.91%) respectively, in contrast participants parents (41.76%). More than one-third (37.36%) were self-medicated with antibiotics to treat mainly common cold and cough. The reasons of antibiotic misuse in the present study according to the opinion of participant doctors were an empirical use, incorrect dose and low level of education with 68.70%, 18. 26%, 13.04% respectively. Pharmacies are the major source of antibiotics reporting more than –quarter 28.57% were sold antibiotic without prescription. These findings presented aid in the assessment of the adequacy of present public educational campaigns to promote specific messages to rationalize antibiotic use, and compensate for knowledge and attitude gaps as an effort towards preventing development of antibiotic resistance.
Perceptions and Attitudes of Students towards Multilingual Practices in an EMI STEM Classroom at Two Kazakhstani Universities

Perceptions and Attitudes of Students towards Multilingual Practices in an EMI STEM Classroom at Two Kazakhstani Universities Having emphasized higher education (HE) as a source for preparing internationally competitive human capital, Kazakhstan has internationalized its HE and introduced English as a medium of instruction (EMI) as part of its trilingual education policy, which implies providing tertiary education in Kazakh, Russian and English. This study aims at exploring undergraduate students' multilingual practices employed at one of the EMI science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) course classrooms and their perceptions and attitudes towards them at two different universities in Kazakhstan. To understand the reasons behind their perceptions and attitudes, a qualitative interview-based case-study approach was employed to answer the following research questions that guided the study: 1. What is the language-in-education policy in Kazakhstan and why is it so? 2. What are the students’ perceptions of multilingual practices in an EMI STEM and why? 3. What are the attitudes of students towards multilingual practices and why? To explore the central phenomenon, eight participants from biology majors were recruited from two Kazakhstani universities using a combination of homogenous, convenience and snowball sampling strategies. The findings of the study revealed that students held monolingual ideologies in both universities despite their actual practice of translanguaging (codeswitching and translation) between languages for both formal and informal learning. Although university policies differ, students reported practicing the same multilingual practices due to such global processes as internationalization and globalization, as well as the national policy development and labor market requirements; but attitudes towards such practices vary depending on each individual’s ideologies and beliefs about a language. Education stakeholders such as teachers and language policy makers may benefit from the PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS MULTILINGUAL PRACTICES vii findings of this research in that these could enable them to adjust multilingual pedagogy and university language policies taking into account students’ attitudes towards languages in teaching and learning in English-medium instruction courses. PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS MULTILINGUAL PRACTICES viii
Morphological characterization of Annona species under northern dry zone of Karnataka

An investigation on ‘Morphological characterization of Annona cultivars grown under northern dry zone of Karnataka’ was carried out during 2018-19 at College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, Karnataka. The experiment was laidout in a Randomized Complete Block Design with twelve varieties replicated thrice. Twelve cultivars consisting of four different species of Annona were evaluated for morphological characters. All the morphological observations were recorded as per Cherimoya descriptor developed by Bioversity Internationale and CHERLA, 2008. In all the 12 cultivars of Annona species, the leaf blade shape was recorded as as ovate, elliptic, obovate and lanceolate; the shape of leaf apex as acute, rounded and acuminate; the leaf base as acute, rounded, obstuse and cordate; leaf colour as light green, green, greyish green and dark green; the leaf margin as entire or undulated; trunk colour as, light grey; grey and dark grey; ramification as one branch, two branches and three or more branches; fruit shape as round, oblate, cordate, broadly, cordate and oval and exocarp type as Laevis (smooth), Impressa (slight depressions) and Umbonata (small protrusions);pulp colour as white, creamy and creamy white; seed weight and seed percentage were also recorded.
Supporting families to protect child health: Parenting quality and household needs during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background Supportive parenting is critical for promoting healthy child development in the face of stressors, such as those occurring during COVID-19. Here, we address a knowledge gap regarding specific household risk factors associated with parenting quality during the pandemic and incorporate first-person accounts of family challenges and needs. Methods Mixed methods were applied to data collected between April 14th - 28th, 2020 from the “Parenting During the Pandemic” survey. Participants included 656 primary caregivers (e.g., mothers, fathers, foster parents) of least one child age 1.5–8 years of which 555 (84.6%) responded to at least one parenting questionnaire. Parenting quality was assessed across stressful, negative, and positive parenting dimensions. Household risk was examined across pandemic- linked (e.g., caregiver depression, unmet childcare needs) and stable factors (i.e., annual income, mental illness history). Significant correlates were examined with regressions in Mplus. Thematic analysis identified caregiver challenges and unmet needs from open-ended questions. Findings Caregiver depression, higher child parity, unmet childcare needs, and relationship distress predicted lower-quality parenting. Caregiver depression was the most significant predictor across every parenting dimension, with analyses indicating medium effect sizes, ds = . 39 - . 73. Qualitative findings highlighted severe strains on parent capacities including managing psychological distress, limited social supports, and too much unstructured time. Interpretations Lower quality parenting during COVID-19 is associated with multiple household and pandemic risk factors, with caregiver depression consistently linked to parent- child relationship disruptions. Focused efforts are needed to address caregiver mental health to protect child health as part of the pandemic response.
Fine‐grained gravity flow deposits and their depositional processes: A case study from the Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation, Songliao Basin, NE China

The Songliao Basin in NE China is a large rift basin filled with Cretaceous terrestrial sediments. Lacustrine mudstones of the Nenjiang Formation form an important source rock in the Cretaceous Songliao Basin. These shales are commonly thought to have been deposited in deep, quiet, and anoxic environments. Samples obtained from the core of the SK‐2 scientific borehole provide critical insights to understand the hydrodynamic and hydroclimatic environments, which are, however, different from the traditional views regarding the deposition of these rocks. By following a mudstone description guide, five different mudstone lithofacies (LF) transported and deposited by muddy hyperpycnal flows and muddy debris flows were recognized. They are laminated fine mudstone (LF1), laminated medium mudstone (LF2), and laminated coarse mudstone (LF3) showing pairs of inverse grading (Ha) and normal grading (Hb) under the microscope, graded coarse mudstone (LF4) and massive coarse mudstone (LF5). We found that mudstones of the First Member of the Nenjiang Formation are dominated by siliciclastic detritus and argillaceous components and show frequent variations in grain size. Because large‐scale sub‐lacustrine channels travelling long distance (>80 km) were widely distributed in the Songliao palaeolake during the deposition of the Nenjiang Formation, fluctuations in mudstone grain size might have been caused by velocity fluctuations in flows. Sedimentary structures and textures preserved in mudstones of the First Member of the Nenjiang Formation indicate that the majority of these lithofacies were accumulated by muddy hyperpycnal flows and muddy debris flows. Therefore, a depositional model dominantly influenced by muddy hyperpycnal flows and debris flows is proposed. This work not only provides a new view for the depositional process of mudstones of the Songliao Basin, NE China, but also give insights to understand lacustrine palaeoenvironment and terrestrial palaeoclimate.
Antarctic network of lamp-calibrated multichannel radiometers for continuous ozone and uv radiation data

Abstract. Three NILU-UV multichannel radiometers have been installed in 1999 at the Argentinian sites of Ushuaia (54S), Marambio (64S) and Belgrano-II (77S) in order to continuously monitor UV radiation, photosynthetically active radiation and total ozone. The measurements were established by INM, Spain in collaboration with FMI, Finland, DNA-IAA, Argentina and CADIC, Argentina to observe and characterize the spatial and temporal evolution of ozone and ultraviolet radiation in the Antarctic region. Special attention has been given to the quality control and quality assurance of the measurements under harsh climatological conditions. The ozone and UV time series of 2000–2006 were calibrated using a polynomial fit for lamp measurements performed every second week all year round. The gaps in these data are minimal, with almost no data missing, and the data products are available from http://www.polarvortex. org in near real time. The data products include the erythemally-weighted UV, UVB and UVA radiation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), total ozone (O3) and a cloud parameter (CLT). For UV data, dose rates as well as daily doses are available; from these the maximum measured UV indices (UVI), during 2000–2006, were 12.0, 9.7 and 8.1 at Ushuaia, Marambio and Belgrano-II, respectively.