Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining Associations Between COVID-19 Experiences and Posttraumatic Stress

Abstract COVID-19 has had a profound impact on health and well-being worldwide. There is an increasing need to understand the psychological impact of COVID-19, particularly associations with posttraumatic stress. This cross-sectional study examined associations between COVID-19 and posttraumatic stress among adults utilizing structural equation modeling methods. Results demonstrated that COVID-19 experiences were consistently associated with increased odds of exhibiting posttraumatic stress and higher expressions of total posttraumatic stress. COVID-19 related stress was also robustly associated with posttraumatic stress. These initial findings suggest that COVID-19 is associated with high expression of posttraumatic stress symptomatology, underscoring the increased need for mental health services.
Antischistosomal Activity of Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, and Coriandrum sativum Aqueous Plant Extracts on Hamster Infected with Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosomiasis continues to affect the health and quality of life of millions of people around the world. Schistosomiasis has been ranked the second disease after malaria in terms of importance as a targeted tropical disease. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the only drug approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of schistosomiasis. Being the only drug, parasite resistance to this drug has developed. Therefore, the search for new alternatives has been the goal of many researchers. In this study, the effects of aqueous extracts of Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, and Coriandrum sativum on Schistosoma mansoni infected golden hamsters (Egyptian strain) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo at different doses of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μg/ml. In vitro, adult worms of S. mansoni were tested in RPMI-1640 medium for 48 hrs. The results showed that the concentrations 500, 250, and 125 μg/ml of Zingiber officinale and Piper nigrum caused dead of 100% of adult worms within 6 and 12 hrs of incubation, respectively. Although, aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum at concentrations 500, 250, and 125 μg/ml resulted dead of 100% parasites after 12 to 24 hrs of incubation. In conclusion, Zingiber officinale and Piper nigrum showed efficacy against schistosomiasis in both in vitro and biological experiments of Egyptian schistosome strain, while Coriandrum sativum gave less effective results than the previous ones. Therefore, Zingiber officinale and Piper nigrum may become an innovative treatment for schistosomiasis.
Economic Anxiety and Belief in the American Dream: How Will Redistributive Preferences Evolve as Automation Disrupts Labor Markets?

If growth in automation increasingly challenges the American Dream, will preferences for redistributive policies increase? We inform survey experiment respondents that automation will increase inequality, and luck or decisions made by elites (rather than individual effort) will influence who loses out. We find that beliefs promoted by the American Dream are relatively immutable and preferences for redistributive policies increase only where baseline support is sufficiently high, relatively unpolarized along partisan lines, or where respondents are skeptical of elites. However, leveraging the labor market shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic to create a state-of-the-art re-centered shift-share IV, we causally identify that shock exposure interacts with our informational treatments to increase perceived economic vulnerability, overriding resistance to redistribution arising from opposition to government intervention in the economy, and heightening preferences for several innovative redistributive policies.
“A sentencing”: veteran educators’ perceptions of a constriction of English learner students’ opportunities across grade spans

ABSTRACT Recent research suggests that English learner (EL) classification can impact students in both positive and negative ways. We do not know enough, however, about what contexts and features of EL education lead to these divergent effects. Because students are classified as ELs at all grade levels, and the structure and content of schooling change dramatically across grades, one important consideration is whether EL classification operates differently for students in different grade spans. This study draws on the knowledge of veteran EL educators in one large, urban school district to examine the affordances and potential hazards of being classified as EL in different grade spans. The paper asks first, how these educators interpret EL-classified students’ academic and social experiences at different grade spans, and second, what features of schooling shape these heterogeneous experiences of EL classification. Analysis of in-depth interviews suggests that academic exclusion, insufficient resources, and tracking, among other schooling features, increasingly constrict opportunities for students classified as ELs in upper grade spans. Key transitions – from early to mid-elementary, and from elementary to secondary – also alter EL-classified students’ experiences.
Reappraisal on the Phylogenetic Relationships of the Enigmatic Flightless Bird (Brontornis burmeisteri) Moreno and Mercerat, 1891

The fossil record of birds in South America is still very patchy. One of the most remarkable birds found in Miocene deposits from Patagonia is Brontornis burmeisteri Moreno and Mercerat, 1891. This giant flightless bird is known by multiple incomplete specimens that represent a few portions of the skeleton, mainly hindlimb bones. Since the XIX century, Brontornis was considered as belonging to or closely related to phorusrhacoid birds. In contrast to previous work, by the end of 2000 decade it was proposed that Brontornis belongs to Galloanserae. This proposal was recently contested based on a large dataset including both phorusrhacoids and galloanserine birds, that concluded Brontornis was nested among cariamiform birds, and probably belonged to phorusrhacoids. The aim of the present contribution is to re-evaluate the phylogenetic affinities of Brontornis. Based on modified previous datasets, it is concluded that Brontornis does belong to Galloanserae, and that it represents a member of a largely unknown radiation of giant graviportal birds from South America.
Isolation and 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of active compound from Jujube tree (Zizyphus mauritiana Auct. non Lamk.)

ABSTRACT Increased reactive oxygen species causes cells or tissue damages and is associated with some degenerative diseases, such as coronary heart diseases and cancer. This research is intended to isolate and to identify the antiradical compounds from the bark of Jujube tree (Zizyphus mauritiana Auct. non Lamk.). The methanol extract of the bark was successively fractionated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to give n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanol extract residue, respectively. The extract and fractions were examined for its radical scavenging activity using 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil radical. The ethyl acetate fraction, having the most active 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil radical scavenging, was further repeatedly separated using vacuum liquid chromatography, and the purification was carried out using preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC) in order to obtain an active isolate. The purity of the isolate was evaluated using thin layer chromatography method and melting point measurement. The structure of the isolate was identified chemically using various spray reagent and ultraviolet-visible, infrared, infrared, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and Proton Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopic methods. The extract, fraction, and sub-fractions were determined for its total contents of phenolic and flavonoid. The results showed that the methanol extract residue contained the highest total phenolic (36.29% wt/wt gallic acid equivalent), while fraction E4 of the ethyl acetate extract contained the highest total flavonoids (21.31% wt/wt quercetin equivalent). The active isolate showed to have 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil radical scavenging activity with IC50 of 7.58 μ/mL and is identified as trans-p-coumaroyl triterpene. Detail structure of the triterpene needs to be identified further.
Effect of coagulation conditions on ultrafiltration for wastewater effluent

Low-pressure membrane filtration is increasingly used for tertiary treatment of wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM), mainly comprising organic base/neutral compounds. In-line coagulation with underdosing, charge neutralization, and sweep floc conditions prior to ultrafiltration (UF) was studied to determine removals of the EfOM components and consequent reduction of fouling using polyethersulfone membranes. Coagulation and UF substantially reduced fouling for all coagulation conditions while removing from 7 to 38% of EfOM organic acids. From 7 to 16% of EfOM organic base/neutrals were removed at neutral pH but there was no significant removal for slightly acid coagulation conditions even though fouling was substantially reduced. Sweep floc produced the lowest resistance to filtration but may be inappropriate for in-line use due to the large added volume of solids. Charge-neutralization resulted in poor recovery of the initial flux with hydraulic cleaning. Under-dosing paralleled sweep floc in reducing hydraulic resistance to filtration (for sub-critical flux) and the initial flux was also easily recovered with hydraulic cleaning. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic base/neutrals were identified on the fouled membranes but as previously reported the extent of fouling was not correlated with accumulation of organic base/neutrals.
Context-Aware Service Recommendation Based on Knowledge Graph Embedding

Over two decades, context awareness has been incorporated into recommender systems in order to provide, not only the top-rated items to consumers but also the ones that are suitable to the user context. As a class of context-aware systems, context-aware service recommendation (CASR) aims to bind high-quality services to users, while taking into account their context requirements, including invocation time, location, social profiles, connectivity, and so on. However, current CASR approaches are not scalable with the huge amount of service data (QoS and context information, users reviews and feedbacks). In addition, they lack a rich representation of contextual information, as they adopt a simple matrix view. Moreover, current CASR approaches adopt the traditional user-service relation and they do not allow for multi-relational interactions between users and services in different contexts. To offer a scalable and context-sensitive service recommendation with great analysis and learning capabilities, we provide a rich and multi-relational representation of the CASR knowledge, based on the concept of knowledge graph. The constructed context-aware service knowledge graph (C-SKG) is, then, transformed into a low-dimensional vector space to facilitate its processing. For this purpose, we adopt Dilated Recurrent Neural Networks to propose a context-aware knowledge graph embedding, based on the principles of first-order and subgraph-aware proximity. Finally, a recommendation algorithm is defined to deliver the top-rated services according to the target user's context. Experiments have proved the accuracy and scalability of our solution, compared to state-of-the-art CASR approaches.
UPTAKE OF DIFFERENT DYES BY TWO NEW STRAINS OF MICROALGAL DRY BIOMASS

The control of wastewater pollution has become of increasing importance in recent years. The release of dyes into the environment constitutes only a small proportion of water pollution, but dyes are visible in small quantities due to their brilliance. In this study Spirulina subsalsa and Scenedesmus ecornis microalgae isolated from Chnarok and Taq-Taq Koya city and its ability to uptake different dyes. Batch studies were conducted at separate biosorbent doses ,dye concentration, pH, temperature and agitation speed. Optimum adsorption of dyes by Spirulina subsalsa and Scenedesmus ecornis showed in reactive yellow (89.3%, 90.4%) respectively at 50 mg l-1, 30℃, pH 8, 150 rpm, dosage 1.2 g ml-1.
Identification of different user types for designing household food waste interventions

ABSTRACT To date, designers have developed various interventions to support users in reducing their household food waste. When designing food waste interventions, it is essential to have a clear understanding of target users’ characteristics and consider the diversity in these characteristics. Although there are studies exploring user diversity in the context of sustainable behaviours, the literature lacks studies investigating food waste as a case. This paper explores user diversity in household food waste behaviour and identifies four user types that need to be considered when designing food waste interventions: Conservers, Considerates, Reluctants, and Prodigals. It further gives suggestions on how designers can select target user types and interventions according to their characteristics. It concludes that a design team should target all of the user types in a target population as much as possible and use a combination of different interventions types to create an impactful solution.
Responses of soil gross nitrogen transformations to three vegetation restoration strategies in a subtropical karst region

Investigation of soil internal nitrogen cycles is useful for unravelling the mechanisms responsible for soil nitrogen availability change. Here, gross nitrogen transformations were investigated in a subtropical karst area after 16 years of vegetation restoration. The experiment included four treatments with one control and three restoration strategies, that is: (i) maize‐soybean rotation field (CR, control); (ii) restoration with Toona sinensis (TS); (iii) restoration with Guimu‐1 hybrid elephant grass (GG, Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke × Pennisetum purpureum Schumach); and (iv) restoration with Guimu‐1 hybrid elephant grass and Zenia insignis as a mixture (ZG). Soil NH4+ and NO3− responded differentially to three restoration strategies, resulting in no significant change of total inorganic N content following vegetation restoration. Gross nitrogen mineralization (GNM) rate increased by 124.0%, 96.8%, and 60.3% in TS, GG, and ZG, respectively, relative to CR (2.88 ± 0.05 mg N kg−1 d−1). The strongest explanatory variable was microbial biomass carbon for both GNM (R2 = 0.82) and gross nitrification (R2 = 0.66). Dissimilatory NO3− reduction to NH4+ (DNRA) rate in TS or ZG, which was significantly greater than that in CR, was significantly correlated with SOC: NO3− ratio (R2 = 0.61), implying that DNRA was limited by SOC availability. Gross NH4+ immobilization rate, which was highest in GG, and lowest in CR, was best predicted by carbon to nitrogen ratio (R2 = 0.65). However, gross NO3− immobilization rate could not be well predicted by the measured soil properties. Our results suggest that vegetation restoration especially TS significantly enhanced soil N availability as reflected by gross N mineralization rate.
Pediatric Preseptal and Orbital Cellulitis: Analysis of Clinical, Laboratory and Imaging Findings of 123 Cases.

Background: To compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics and imaging methods of patients diagnosed with preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis in the pediatric age group. Methods: The study was designed retrospectively and the medical records of all patients who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis were reviewed. The findings of preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis groups were compared. The risk factors for the development of orbital involvement were analyzed. Results: A total of 123 patients were included, 90.2% with preseptal cellulitis and 9.8% with cellulitis. The male gender ratio was 60.2% and the mean age was 72±43 months. While all patients had eyelid swelling and redness 20.3% had fever. Ocular involvement was 51.2% in the right eye and 4.9% in both eyes. The most common predisposing factor was rhinosinusitis (56.1%). Radiological imaging (Computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging) was performed in 83.7% of the patients. Subperiostal abscess were detected in 7 cases (5.6%) which three of the cases were managed surgically and four were treated with medically. The levels of c-reactive protein were significantly higher in patients with orbital involvement (p:0.033) but there was no difference between the presence of fever, leukocyte and platelet values. Conclusions: Rhinosinusitis was the most common predisposing factor in the development of preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis. Orbital involvement was present in 9.8% of the patients. It was determined that high c-reactive protein value could be used to predict orbital involvement. Keywords: Childhood, preseptal cellulit, rhinosinusit, orbital cellulit, subperiostal abscess.
Authoritarian values and institutional trust: Theoretical considerations and evidence from the Philippines

Studies on authoritarian values, which have mostly focused on authoritarian regimes and on democracies with spells of authoritarianism, suggest trust in public institutions. However, limited empirical evidence has been carried out in the Philippines where cycles of regime change and authoritarian leadership have characterized its post-authoritarian landscape. Examining multiple public opinion data from the Asian Barometer Survey, this study found that regardless of the political leadership across different regimes, Filipino citizens expressed attitudinal dispositions, i.e. conforming, anti-political pluralism, and support for strong leaders, that constitute authoritarian political values. But instead of a destabilizing effect, estimates from ordinary least squares indicate that Filipino citizens’ authoritarian tendencies enhance institutional trust—seen as an indicator of support for the political system. The findings of this study empirically challenge the view of democratization in the Philippines by foregrounding its ‘populist-authoritarian’ dimension. In addition, they provide evidence of a growing scholarship in comparative political studies that claims that courting confidence for political institutions and regime support does not necessitate a ‘liberal-democratic’ model.
Loneliness – two sides to the story: adolescents’ lived experiences

ABSTRACT Loneliness in adolescents is related to common mental health issues, and as a major global concern it is important to investigate loneliness from their own perspectives. The aim of this study was to explore how adolescents experience and describe negative and positive sides of loneliness. Data was collected through interviews with fifteen young Swedish-speaking Finns. Two main themes and seven subthemes were found. Negative experiences of involuntary loneliness were stressful and paralysing giving rise to physical symptoms, emptiness, anxiety, fear and invisibility. Other negative experiences resulting from involuntary loneliness were shame, self-blame and self-contempt, as well as meaninglessness, hopelessness and exclusion. Positive experiences from self-chosen solitude were freedom, calmness and recovery, creativity and meaningfulness as well as reflection, recharging and personal growth.
Antimalarial potential of quinones isolated from plants: an integrative review

Antimalarial treatment is often associated with the resistance developed by Plasmodium which generate ineffective drug treatment. Based on this, the search for therapeutic alternatives is necessary and urgent. This review intends to assess the antimalarial potential of quinones isolated from plants. The search for scientific articles was carried out on the CAPES Journal Portal (PPC), Virtual Health Library (VHL), PUBMED, NCBI and SCIELO, using the following descriptors: quinones and antimalarials. Inclusion criteria were adopted based on studies about quinones isolated from plants and tested against Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium berghei. The exclusion criteria were based mainly on articles that tested extracts, fractions and synthesis of quinones obtained from plants and other natural products. A total of 1344 publications were collected for screening (PPC = 5, VHL = 248, PUBMED = 525, NCBI = 462 and SCIELO = 94). From this total, 1280 articles were excluded, with only 64 articles selected for full reading. All benzoquinones were active against P. falciparum. Naphthoquinones were active, inactive and moderately active against the P. falciparum e P berghei. Anthraquinones and anthrones were active and moderately active against P. falciparum. The naphthoquinone 2-acetylnaphtho- [2,3b] -furan-4,9-dione was the most active of all the molecules tested against Plasmodium. Whereas lapachol was the most studied naphthoquinone and structural changes do not seem to contribute to the activity. In summary, quinones are promising as antimalarials, however, need in vivo studies.
Influence of Pre-Aging on the Artificial Aging Behavior of a 6056 Aluminum Alloy after Conventional Extrusion

In the present study, the influence of the initial heat-treatment conditions on the artificial aging behavior after conventional linear extrusion at room temperature was investigated for the precipitation hardening of a 6056 aluminum alloy. A solution-annealed condition was systematically compared to naturally-aged and pre-aged conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry was used for analyzing the precipitation sequence and its dependence on the initial heat treatment. The natural aging behavior prior to extrusion and the artificial aging behavior after extrusion were determined by microhardness measurements as a function of the aging time. Furthermore, the microstructure, dependent on the induced strain, was investigated using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. As a result of pre-aging, following a solid-solution treatment, the formation of stable room-temperature clusters was suppressed and natural aging was inhibited. The artificial aging response after extrusion was significantly enhanced by pre-aging, and the achieved hardness and strength were significantly higher when compared with the equally processed solution-annealed or naturally-aged conditions.
What emotional‐centred challenges do children attending special schools face over primary–secondary school transition?

Primary – secondary school transition encompasses multiple social, academic and environmental changes which can negatively impact children ’ s emotional well-being. Children with Social, Emotional and Mental Health difﬁculties (SEMH) are believed to be especially vulnerable during this time. However, the voices of children with SEMH are heavily underrepresented in this ﬁeld within practice and research. The present case study examined how children with SEMH difﬁculties within one special school experience primary – secondary school transition and how they are supported, in order to make recommendations to improve this period. The case study was qualitative and longitudinal, conducted over 18-months and methodologies included ethnographic observations, child photo-elicitation focus groups (with 11 Year 6 children) and three adult interviews. Findings demonstrated that over primary – secondary school transition children with SEMH difﬁculties (a) negotiate signiﬁcant structural changes in support (often unanticipated) and (b) need to feel a sense of safety and belonging . To manage this effec-tively, transition provision for children with SEMH difﬁculties needs to consider their short-term emotional well-being whilst still in primary school, in addition to their long-term well-being looking ahead to secondary school. Greater collaboration and communication across schools and stakeholders can help ensure children receive continuity in standards and support.