Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DMSO_A_259697 2743..2750

Erfan Sadeghi 1,2 Sayed Mohsen Hosseini Mehrdad Vossoughi 3 Ashraf Aminorroaya 4 Massoud Amini 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; 2Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; 3Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 4Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Purpose: Dyslipidemia is claimed to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with T2DM are reported to be at higher risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum lipid profile and T2DM incidence in FDRs. Patients and methods: Information on 1222 T2DM FDRs during 14 years of follow-up was retrieved. All individuals were examined for diabetes status and dyslipidemia once a year. We used a Bayesian joint longitudinal-survival model to assess the association. Results: Our data showed that a 10 mg/dL increase in triglycerides (TG), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol levels during the follow-up period was associated with an increased risk of diabetes by 5%, 29%, and 6.6%, respectively. Moreover, for every one-unit increase in the TG to HDL ratio, the T2DM incidence increased by 35%. Subgroup analysis also showed that the increased risk of diabetes was significant only in female FDRs, so that a 10 mg/dL increase in TG and VLDL cholesterol level and a one-unit increase in TG to HDL ratio in female FDRs resulted in an increased risk of diabetes by 7.8%, 46%, and 64%, respectively. However, analysis of HDL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), TC to HDL, and LDL to HDL cholesterol levels/ratios did not find any statistically significant associations. Conclusion: Increases in TG, VLDL, non-HDL cholesterol level, and TG to HDL ratio are associated with an increased risk of T2DM in FDRs, especially in female FDRs.
BF2.649 Hydrochloride], a Nonimidazole Inverse Agonist/Antagonist at the Human Histamine H 3 Receptor: Preclinical Pharmacology

Histamine H 3 receptor inverse agonists are known to en- hance the activity of histaminergic neurons in brain and thereby promote vigilance and cognition. 1-{3-[3-(4-Chlo- rophenyl)propoxy]propyl}piperidine, hydrochloride (BF2.649) is a novel, potent, and selective nonimidazole inverse agonist at the recombinant human H 3 receptor. On the stimulation of guanosine 5 (cid:1) - O -(3-[ 35 S]thio)triphosphate binding to this receptor, BF2.649 behaved as a competitive antagonist with a K i value of 0.16 nM and as an inverse agonist with an EC 50 value of 1.5 nM and an intrinsic activity (cid:2) 50% higher than that of ciproxifan. Its in vitro potency was (cid:2) 6 times lower at the rodent receptor. In mice, the oral bioavailability coeffi- cient, i.e., the ratio of plasma areas under the curve after oral and i.v. administrations, respectively, was 84%. BF2.649 dose dependently enhanced tele- methylhistamine levels in mouse brain, an index of histaminergic neuron activity, with an ED 50 value of 1.6 mg/kg p.o. , a response that persisted after repeated administrations for 17 days. In rats, the drug enhanced dopamine and acetylcholine levels in microdialy- sates of the prefrontal cortex. In cats, it markedly enhanced wakefulness at the expense of sleep states and also en- hanced fast cortical rhythms of the electroencephalogram, known to be associated with improved vigilance. On the two-trial object recognition test in mice, a promnesiant effect was shown regarding either scopolamine-induced or natural forgetting. These preclinical data suggest that BF2.649 is a valuable drug candidate to be developed in wakefulness or memory deficits and other cognitive disorders. amount in the last three samples preceding the drug challenge. One-way analysis of variance applied to AUC revealed a significant effect of BF2.649 treatment for extracellular level of dopamine [ F (1,11) (cid:11) 14.8; P (cid:13) 0.01] and for extracellular level of acetylcholine [ F (1,9) (cid:11) 20.3; P (cid:13) 0.01].
Studies in Duality on Noetherian Formal Schemes and Non-Noetherian Ordinary Schemes

Part 1: Duality and flat base change on formal schemes by L. Alonso, A. Jeremias, and J. Lipman Part 2: Greenlees-May duality on formal schemes by L. Alonso, A. Jeremias, and J. Lipman Part 3: Non-noetherian Grothendieck duality by J. Lipman Index.
Minireview of Adverse Effects of Some Drugs Used in Diabetes Mellitus

Several drugs have been used for treatment of Diabetes Mellitus such as sulfonylureas, biguanides, thiozolidines and others. The aim of this mini-review was to find some adverse effects produced by these drugs using both “ pubmed ” and “ google scholar ” as information sources. The results indicate that thiazolidinediones may produce higher adverse effects compared with the other hypoglycemic drugs.
A Study on the E ﬀ ect of O 2 Di ﬀ usion on the Retention Time of Inert Agents

Featured Application: The approach proposed in this paper can be applied in the ﬁeld of ﬁre safety in industrial facilities where water extinguishing agents are not available. In particular, it can be useful for the design and maintenance of gas ﬁre extinguishing systems. Accurate analysis of the O 2 di ﬀ usion in inert agents provides an accurate prediction time (retention time) to prevent recurrence of ﬁre. Abstract: Gaseous agents are widely used in ﬁre extinguishing systems (FESs) when water extinguishing agents are unavailable. The extinguishing ability of the FES-gaseous agent is determined by the retention time (hold time) at which its concentration is maintained. In particular, the retention time of the inert agent is determined by the O 2 inﬂow from the outside. However, current theoretical models for inert agents do not provide an accurate model for the di ﬀ usion of incoming O 2 . Speciﬁcally, because the theoretical equations do not include O 2 di ﬀ usion or include too large a value, there is a large di ﬀ erence between the measured and theoretical retention times. Therefore, in this study, accurate O 2 di ﬀ usion was veriﬁed through experimental and numerical analyses using three types of deactivators and reﬂected in the existing theoretical model. O 2 di ﬀ usion was analyzed through the interface slope α and di ﬀ usion velocity v d . As a result, this proposed method can predict the retention time more accurately than existing theoretical models.
First-principles calculation of the band offset at BaO/BaTiO3 and SrO/SrTiO3 interfaces

We report first-principles density-functional pseudopotential calculations on the atomic structures, electronic properties, and band offsets of ${\mathrm{B}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{O}/\mathrm{B}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{S}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{O}/\mathrm{S}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ nanosized heterojunctions grown on top of a silicon substrate. The density of states at the junction does not reveal any electronic induced interface states. A dominant perovskite character is found at the interface layer. The tunability of the band offset with the strain conditions imposed by the substrate is studied. Using previously reported theoretical data available for Si/SrO, Si/BaO, ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}/\mathrm{Pt},$ and ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}/{\mathrm{SrRuO}}_{3}$ interfaces we extrapolate the band alignments along two gate stacks of technological interest: ${\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}/\mathrm{S}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{O}/\mathrm{S}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{O}}_{3}/\mathrm{Pt}$ and ${\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}/\mathrm{B}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{O}/\mathrm{B}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{O}}_{3}/{\mathrm{SrRuO}}_{3}$ heterostructures.
Compensatory Role of Thyroid Hormone Receptor (TR) (cid:1) 1 in Resistance to Thyroid Hormone: Study in Mice with a Targeted Mutation in the TR (cid:2) Gene and Deficient in TR (cid:1) 1

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is caused by mutations of the thyroid hormone receptor (cid:2) (TR (cid:2) ) gene. Almost all RTH patients are heterozygous with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. That most are clinically euthyroid suggests a compensatory role of the TR (cid:1) 1 isoform in maintaining the normal functions of thyroid hormone (T 3 ) in these patients. To understand the role of TR (cid:1) 1 in the manifestation of RTH, we compared the phenotypes of mice with a targeted dominantly negative mutant TR (cid:2) (TR (cid:2) PV) with or without TR (cid:1) 1. TR (cid:2) PV mice faithfully recapitulate RTH in humans in that these mice demonstrate abnormalities in the pituitary-thyroid axis and impairment in growth. Here we show that the dysregulation of the pituitary-thyroid axis was worsened by the lack of TR (cid:1) 1 in TR (cid:2) PV mice, and severe impairment of postnatal growth was manifested in TR (cid:2) PV mice deficient in TR (cid:1) 1. Furthermore, abnormal expression patterns of T 3 -target genes in TR (cid:2) PV mice were altered by the lack of TR (cid:1) 1. These results demonstrate that the lack of TR (cid:1) 1 exacerbates the manifestation of RTH in TR (cid:2) PV mice. Therefore, TR (cid:1) 1 could play a compensatory role in mediating the functions of T 3 in heterozygous patients with RTH. This compensatory role may be especially crucial for postnatal
OP-SOCI200078 1..21

Social workers play a vital role in maintaining and improving the lives of the service users that they work with. Despite this, the role is replete with high levels of stressrelated sickness absence, turnover intentions and low levels of jobs satisfaction in addition to poor working conditions. This study sought to further investigate working conditions in the UK social workers, as well as the reasons for these working conditions via a mixed-methods survey and interview study. A total of 3,421 responses were gained from the cross-sectional survey which looked at working conditions, perceived stress, job satisfaction and turnover intentions (both migration and attrition), with the semi-structured interview schedule (n1⁄415) based on survey findings and analysed via thematic analysis continuing through to saturation. Similar to 2018, results demonstrated poor working conditions, irrespective of job role, and regression analysis suggested each of demands, control, managerial support, role and change influenced stress. Qualitative results found that workload, lack of managerial support and service user/family abuse were distinct demands associated with the role, whereas buffering positive resources were the social work role, peer support and positive managerial support. Implications for managerial practice, and harnessing the positive experience of peer support, are discussed.
Switching superconductivity in superconductor/ferromagnet bilayers by multiple-domain structures

We consider the effect of a multiple magnetic domain structure in a superconductor/ferromagnet bilayer, modeled by a ferromagnetic layer with a rotating magnetic moment. The domain walls in this model are of equal size as the domains, and are of N\'eel type. We study the superconducting critical temperature as a function of the rotation wavelength of the magnetic moment. The critical temperature of the bilayer is found to be always enhanced by the domain structure, and exhibits an interesting reentrant behavior. We suggest that this effect can be used for a new device where superconductivity may be controlled by the domain structure of the magnetic layer.
Cancellation of hyperbolic forms and topological four-manifolds.

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ENVIRONMEN TAL HEALTH PER SPEC T I VES ehp Neurotoxicity of the Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pesticide Ziram Is Synuclein-Dependent in Zebrafish Embryos

Exposure to the commonly used dithiocarbamate (DTC) pesticide ziram is associated with an increased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD), although the mechanisms of toxicity are not completely understood. In this study, we utilized zebrafish (ZF) embryos to study the mechanisms of ziram’s neurotoxicity in vivo . Nanomolar concentrations of ziram caused selective loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and impaired swimming behavior. Since ziram increases α-synuclein (α-syn) concentrations in rat primary neuronal cultures, we investigated the effect of ziram on ZF γ-synuclein 1 (γ1). ZF express 3 synuclein isoforms and ZF γ1 appears to be a functional homologue of α-syn. We found that recombinant ZF γ1 formed fibrils in vitro and overexpression of ZF γ1 in ZF embryos led to the formation of neuronal aggregates and neurotoxicity similarly to α-syn. Importantly, knockdown of ZF γ1 with morpholinos or disruption of oligomers with the molecular tweezer CLR01 prevented ziram’s DA toxicity. These data demonstrate that ziram is selectively toxic to DA neurons in vivo and this toxicity is synuclein-dependent. These findings have important implications for understanding the mechanisms by which pesticides may cause PD.
Examining STEM Diagnostic Exam Scores and Self-Efﬁcacy as Predictors of Three-Year STEM Psychological and Career Outcomes

In this research-based paper, we explore the relationships among Rice University STEM students’ high school preparation, psychological characteristics, and career aspirations. Although greater high school preparation in STEM coursework predicts higher STEM retention and performance in college [1], objective academic preparation and college performance do not fully explain STEM retention decisions, and the students who leave STEM are often not the lowest-performing students [2]. Certain psychosocial experiences may also influence students’ STEM decisions. We explored the predictive validity of 1) a STEM diagnostic exam as an objective measure of high school science and math preparation and 2) self-efficacy as a psychological measure on long-term (three years later) STEM career aspirations and STEM identity of underprepared Rice STEM students. University administrators use diagnostic exam scores (along with other evidence of high school underpreparation) to identify students who might benefit from additional support. Using linear regression to explore the link between diagnostic exam scores and self-efficacy, exam scores predicted self-efficacy a semester after students’ first semester in college; exam scores were also marginally correlated with self-efficacy three years later. Early STEM career aspirations predicted later career aspirations, accounting for 21.3% of the variance of career outcome expectations three years later (β=.462, p= .006). Scores on the math diagnostic exam accounted for an additional 10.1% of the variance in students’ three-year STEM career aspirations ( p= .041). Self-efficacy after students’ first semester did not predict future STEM aspirations. Early STEM identity explained 28.8% of the variance in three-year STEM identity ( p= .001). Math diagnostic exam scores accounted for only marginal incremental variance after STEM identity, and self-efficacy after students’ first semester did not predict three-year STEM aspirations. Overall, we found that the diagnostic exam provided incremental predictive validity in STEM career aspirations after students’ sixth semester of college, indicating that early STEM preparation has long-lasting ramifications for students’ STEM career intentions. Our next steps include examining whether students’ diagnostic exam scores predict STEM graduation rates and final GPAs for science and math versus engineering majors.
cacholeira blood sausage: A first taste of its microbiota and volatile organic compounds

Among typical Portuguese sausages, the cacholeira blood sausage undoubtedly represents one of the most popular preparations. To the authors’ knowledge, a lack of information on both the microbiota and the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of this blood-containing sausage emerges from the available scientific literature. This study represents the first characterization of physico-chemical, microbiological and volatile traits of Portuguese cacholeira blood sausage. To this end, ready-to-eat cacholeira blood sausages were collected from two production batches manufactured in summer (batch 1) and autumn (batch 2). Viable counts showed active microbial communities mainly composed by lactic acid bacteria, coagulase negative cocci, enterococci and eumycetes. The metataxonomic approach showed a simple bacterial composition, which was dominated by Lactobacillus sakei in both the analyzed batches (1 and 2) considered. Carnobacterium , Enterococcus , Kluyvera, Lactococcus and Serratia were found as minor genera. The mycobiota varied according to the production season. Batch 1 was dominated by Starmerella apicola , Debaryomyces hansenii and Candida tropicalis , whereas batch 2 was dominated by D. hansenii . Moreover , Aspergillus spp. , Kurtzmaniella zeylanoides , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Kurtzmaniella santamariae , Brettanomyces bruxellensis and Pichia kluyveri were detected in both the batches as minority species. Seventy-two volatile compounds were identified, including esters, phenols, terpenoids, acids, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, lactones, furans, sulphur and nitrogen compounds. Significant differences were seen in the amount of some compounds, as a feasible consequence of differences in the raw materials, artisan production and seasonality. and The overall results collected in the present study allowed the bacterial and fungal communities of artisan cacholeira blood sausages to be disclosed for the very first time. If, on the one hand, a simple bacterial biota neatly dominated by L. sakei was highlighted, on the other hand, a more complex mycobiota was revealed. An impact of the production season (summer vs autumn) on the loads and diversity of eumycetes as well as on the amount of some VOCs was also suggested. To the authors’ knowledge, the present study represents the first characterization of cacholeira blood sausage with regards to its physico-chemical, microbiological and volatile traits to be used as baseline for future studies on microbial dynamics of such meat-based product. Further research on a more ample number of production batches sampled from different local artisan producers is needed to better understand the microbial dynamics and the evolution of VOCs during manufacturing and ripening of cacholeira blood sausage.
Numerical Studies of Vanka-Type Smoothers in Computational Solid Mechanics

In this paper multigrid smoothers of Vanka-type are studied in the con- text of Computational Solid Mechanics (CSM). These smoothers were originally de- veloped to solve saddle-point systems arising in the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), particularly for incompressible flow problems. When treating (nearly) incompressible solids, similar equation systems arise so that it is reason- able to adopt the 'Vanka idea' for CSM. While there exist numerous studies about Vanka smoothers in the CFD literature, only few publications describe applications to solid mechanical problems. With this paper we want to contribute to close this gap. We depict and compare four different Vanka-like smoothers, two of them are oriented towards the stabilised equal-order Q1/Q1 finite element pair. By means of different test configurations we assess how far the smoothers are able to handle the numerical difficulties that arise for nearly incompressible material and anisotropic meshes. On the one hand, we show that the efficiency of all Vanka-smoothers heav- ily depends on the proper parameter choice. On the other hand, we demonstrate that only some of them are able to robustly deal with more critical situations. Fur- thermore, we illustrate how the enclosure of the multigrid scheme by an outer Krylov space method influences the overall solver performance, and we extend all our examinations to the nonlinear finite deformation case.
Relevance of anthropometric measurements as predictors of prevalent diabetes type II - A cross-sectional study on a Norwegian population CURRENT STATUS: POSTED

Background The association of overweight and diabetes mellitus type 2 varies with geographical area and ethnicity, and there is incoherent evidence as to which anthropometric index best predicts prevalent diabetes mellitus type 2 in different populations. The rationale for this study was to contribute to the understanding of how anthropometric indices perform as a screening tool for diabetes mellitus type 2. Hence, the objective was to determine the predictive potential of anthropometric indices to screen prevalent diabetes mellitus type 2 in the Norwegian population.Methods This study used cross-sectional data from the Health Study in Nord-Trøndelag (HUNT) to determine the potential association of waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-circumference and body mass index with prevalent diabetes mellitus type 2 through logistic regression analysis. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determinate the predictive potential of the anthropometric indices. Youden’s index was applied to determinate the optimal cut-off points for each anthropometric index.Results The results suggest that the anthropometric indices performed differently within the Norwegian population with waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio being the strongest predictors with (ROC) of 0.746 (0.735 - 0.757) and 0.741(0.730 - 0.752). The predictive potential for the investigated anthropometric indices was generally stronger for women than men.Interpretation When using anthropometric indices to screen prevalent diabetes mellitus type 2, the choice of anthropometric index and cut-off points should be considered based on country and the ethnic characteristics of the population.