Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vitro antagonistic activity of Trichoderma spp. against fungal pathogens causing black point disease of wheat

Black point disease of wheat contributes to high economic losses every year. The overuse of fungicides resulted in pathogenic fungal resistance, health and environmental hazards that necessitate the formulation of safe biocontrol agents. Dual cultural assay of Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum strains proved their highest efficiency against Alternaria alternata with inhibition percentages of 75.04 and 67.83%, while the lowest activity was detected against Drechslera halodes with growth inhibition of 51.54 and 43.92%, respectively. Alternaria alternata and D. halodes strains exhibited carbendazim resistance, while Fusarium proliferatum was the most susceptible one. Chemical analysis of T. harzianum and T. viride extracts using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated that 6-pentyl-α-pyrone and cyclooctanol compounds were the main active constituents representing about 26.43 and 32.74% respectively. The tested bioagents were highly effective against the fungal strains causing black point disease of wheat so that these biocontrol agents could be used in formulation of natural fungicides avoiding the harmful impact of the synthetic fungicides. Abbreviations: FCZ; Fluconazole Antifungal agent, GC-MS; Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry, MIC; Minimum inhibitory concentration, MFC; Minimum fungicidal concentration, PDA; Potato dextrose agar, T.H; Trichoderma harzianum, 1. T. V; Trichoderma viride
Energy Requirements and Nutritional Strategies for Male Soccer Players: A Review and Suggestions for Practice

Soccer is a high intensity intermittent sport, featuring critical events completed at high/maximal intensity which is superimposed onto an aerobic base of lower intensity activities and rest. Due to these varying energic demands and the duration of competition the need for optimal nutritional strategies to offset and delay fatigue are paramount. Over the last 50 years, several investigations have been reported on aspects of soccer be they nutrition-focused or those concerning the demands of the sport. Emanating from these scientific papers, observations have been made on the likely factors which result in the fatigue during match-play. Factors such as muscle glycogen depletion and hypoglycaemia are discussed. Studies on the energy demands of soccer have employed a variety of methodologies which are briefly reviewed and vary between the use of heart rate telemetry to the use of global positioning systems (GPS). Moving on from observations of the energy demands of the sport leads to the major focus of this review which highlights key nutritional strategies to support the preparation and recovery of male soccer players to enhance performance, or at least to enable players to perform adequately. This review examines relevant methodologies in assessing training and competitive energy costs as well as the concomitant energy intakes demanded for successful performance outcomes. In order to bring an applied aspect to the overall findings from areas discussed, some practical ideas of feeding strategies are presented.
Novel Method of Chairside Non-Bonded Fixed Retainer

Retention is the final phase of orthodontic treatment. It is defined as the ‘stabilization of teeth in optimal esthetics and functional occlusion. A retention phase is considered crucial for the stability of treatment outcomes. The novel technique of utilizing a Non bonded fixed retainer (NFR) proved superior to the traditional bonded retainer in preventing relapse during the critical period spanning two to nine months after orthodontic therapy. The method as described in this article is simple to execute and economical. It makes effective plaque control in the vicinity of the retainer significantly easier. Moreover, this technique is recommended in patients with compromised periodontium. Nevertheless, it is essential for maintaining periodontal health and ensuring a successful outcome to treatment. However, studies on long term stability following lengthy periods of retention are needed. These are likely to substantiate the efficacy and durability of this technique.
A Generic Online Nonparametric Monitoring and Sampling Strategy for High-Dimensional Heterogeneous Processes

With the rapid advancement of in-process measurements and sensor technology driven by zero-defect manufacturing applications, high-dimensional heterogeneous processes that continuously collect distinct physical characteristics frequently appear in modern industries. Such large-volume high-dimensional data place a heavy demand on data collection, transmission, and analysis in practice. Thus, practitioners often need to decide which informative data streams to observe given the resource constraints at each data acquisition time, which poses significant challenges for multivariate statistical process control and quality improvement. In this article, we propose a generic online nonparametric monitoring and sampling scheme to quickly detect mean shifts occurring in heterogeneous processes when only partial observations are available at each acquisition time. Our innovative idea is to seamlessly integrate the Thompson sampling (TS) algorithm with a quantile-based nonparametric cumulative sum (CUSUM) procedure to construct local statistics of all data streams based on the partially observed data. Furthermore, we develop a global monitoring scheme of using the sum of top- ${r}$ local statistics, which can quickly detect a wide range of possible mean shifts. Tailored to monitoring the heterogeneous data streams, the proposed method balances between exploration that searches unobserved data streams for possible mean shifts and exploitation that focuses on highly suspicious data streams for quick shift detection. Both simulations and a case study are comprehensively conducted to evaluate the performance and demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method. Note to Practitioners—This paper is motivated by the critical challenge of online process monitoring by considering the cost-effectiveness and resource constraints in practice (e.g., limited number of sensors, limited transmission bandwidth or energy constraint, and limited processing time). Unlike the existing methodologies which rely on the restrictive assumptions (e.g., normally distributed, exchangeable data streams) or require historical full observations of all data streams to be available offline for training, this paper proposes a novel monitoring and sampling strategy that allows the practitioners to cost-effectively monitor high-dimensional heterogeneous data streams that contain distinct physical characteristics and follow different distributions. To implement the proposed methodology, it is necessary: (i) to identify sample quantiles for each data stream based on historical in-control data offline; (ii) to determine which data streams to observe at each acquisition time based on the resource constraints; and (iii) to automatically screen out the suspicious data streams to form the global monitoring statistic. Experimental results through simulations and a case study have shown that the proposed method has much better performance than the existing methods in reducing detection delay and effectively dealing with heterogeneous data streams.
Real-time Optimal Energy Dispatch of Standalone Microgrid

Aiming at energy management of microgrid in standalone operation mode,a real-time optimal energy dispatch method was proposed in this paper.In this method,the state of energy(SOE) of storage device was divided into four operating levels,and the range of primary operating power point of V-f controlled micro-sources was reduced,in order to ensure V-f controlled units with enough power regulating margin to absorb non-planed instantaneous power in microgrid.Different dispatch strategies were used according to the net load power and the SOE level of storage device.Load bidding strategy was used,while load shedding and excess-power dissipating were considered in microgrid operation.Dispatch strategies for standalone microgrid were proposed,while the optimal load distribution model and optimal interruptible load model were demonstrated in this paper.The proposed method could not only improve the reliability and economy of standalone microgrid operation,but also reduce the configuration capacity requirements of storage device.Case study results indicate the effectiveness of the microgrid dispatch model proposed.
Adoption of green innovation practices in SMEs sector: evidence from an emerging economy

Abstract In developing world, awareness and environmental concerns are forcing small and medium-sized enterprises to adopt green practices. Hence it is important to distinguish the major obstacles/barriers which hinders the adoption of green practices in SMEs. This study utilizes a framework (three-phase) to classify the major barriers/obstacles and solutions to eliminate these obstacles in green innovation adoption. In total, twenty-five barriers and fifteen solutions were recognized through review of existing literature and experts opinions. Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchal Process (AHP) was utilized to rank these barriers and Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is employed to give appropriate ranks to strategies/solutions to overcome the identified obstacles. The findings of our study revealed that out of six major barriers, legal barriers were the most critical obstacles in green innovation adoption in Pakistani SMEs. Information barriers were the second critical green innovation adoption obstacles/barriers in SMEs, followed by technical-barriers, managerial-barriers, economic-barriers and market-barriers. These findings will offer insights to SMEs stockholders to overcome and eradicate barriers to green innovation, who intend to adopt green practices instead of conventional ones. Our study analysis will assist SMEs in prioritizing the major factors influencing green innovation adoption.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dan Perilaku Dengan Penerapan Personal Hygiene Penjamah Makanan Tahun 2021

Food handlers have an important role in food processing because they can transmit disease. Human resource greatly affect the state of sanitation hygiene, including education that leads to knowledge about personal hygiene and the enviroment.The research objective was to analyze the relationship the level of knowledge and behavior of food handlers with the aplication of personal hygiene. This type of descriptive research uses interview and observation methods with a cross sectional approach. Sampling using nonprobability sampling technique, with a total of 40 respondents. The analysis in the study used the Fisher Exact Test. The results of the research on the Chi-Square Test, it is known that the Exact Sig (2-sided) value in the Fisher Exact Test is 0.006 0.05 on the variable level of knowledge with the application of personal hygiene, on the variable in the behavior with the application of personal hygiene from the Chi-Square test output it is known that the Exact Sig (2-sided) value in the Fisher Exact Test is 0.008 0.05. The conclusion of this research shows that there is a relationship knowledge and behavior with the application of personal hygiene. Suggestions in this study are expected that food handlers before doing work should wash their hands using soap with clean running water
Energy Conversion Strategies for Wind Energy System: Electrical, Mechanical and Material Aspects

Currently, about 22% of global electricity is being supplemented by different renewable sources. Wind energy is one of the most abundant forms of renewable energy available in the atmospheric environment due to different air-currents spread over the troposphere and stratosphere. The demand of modern wind energy conversion system (WECS) has increased to achieve a suitable alternate renewable energy source. In this paper, after a brief introduction, the classification of WECS is reviewed with attractive illustrations. The various mechanical materials and electrical components of WECS are discussed. The flow of power in WECS and its control strategies are also been described. The wind energy conversion is carried out with a suitable controlling mechanism for power grid integration. A maximum power-point tracking controller is an effective controlling method to extract the maximum possible power from the turbines. The present trends in WECS and the scope for improvement and future prospects are discussed. The materials used for both the blade and generator have been found to be key elements of wind turbines. Recycling of the polymer matrix composite materials are found to be a great threat to wind power plants, as well as to their supply chain industries.
New Insights on the Effects of Water on Polymer Inclusion Membranes Containing Aliquat 336 Derivatives as Carriers

Surface characterization of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) using the polymers cellulose triacetate and polyvinyl chloride, containing different ionic liquids (ILs) as carriers, has been performed. Three different ILs have been tested: commercial trioctyl methylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336–AlqCl−) and two derivatives bearing the counter anion NO3− or SCN− (AlqNO3 and AlqSCN, respectively). Surface analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for both dry membranes and PIMs immersed for 4 days in ultrapure water to investigate the effect of the interaction of water with the membrane’s morphology and composition. XPS analysis of the PIMs revealed that immersion in ultrapure water causes a decrease in the atomic concentration percentage (A.C.%) of the specific IL atoms (Cl, S, and N) when compared with dry samples. Moreover, SEM images of the PIMs containing the IL AlqNO3 showed an alteration in the morphology of the membrane due to water contact at surface level, whereas no changes were observed at a bulk level. These changes in the surface composition of the water equilibrated PIMs may be associated with the solubilization of the IL in the water solution, which, therefore, may affect the reactivity of the membrane’s surface. To better understand this effect, PIMs containing both AlqCl and AlqNO3 as carriers were used for arsenic (V) transport. It was found that AlqCl was the most effective IL and that the effectivity of the PIM on As(V) removal was not affected after five cycles of the membrane’s reuse.
Analogue modelling of basin inversion: a review and future perspectives

Abstract. Basin inversion involves the reversal of subsidence in a basin due to compressional tectonic forces, leading to uplift of the basin’s sedimentary infill. A thorough understanding of basin inversion is of great importance for scientific, societal and economic reasons. Analogue tectonic modelling forms a key part our efforts to improve our understanding of basin inversion processes, and researchers have conducted numerous studies on this topic. In this review paper we recap the advances in knowledge of basin inversion tectonics acquired through analogue modelling studies, providing an up-to-date summary of the state of analogue modelling of basin inversion. We describe the different definitions of basin inversion that are being applied by researchers, why basin inversion has been historically an important research topic, and what the general mechanics involved in basin inversion are. We subsequently treat the wide range of different experimental approaches used for basin inversion modelling, with attention to the various materials, set-ups and techniques used for monitoring and analysing the model results. Our new systematic overviews of generalized results reveal the diversity of model results, depending greatly on the chosen set-up, model layering and (oblique) kinematics of inversion, as well as 3D along-strike structural and kinematic variations in the system. We show how analogue modelling results are in good agreement with numerical models, and how these results help to better understand natural examples of basin inversion. In addition to reviewing the past efforts in the field of analogue modelling, we also shed light on future modelling challenges and identify a number of opportunities for follow-up research. These include the testing of force-boundary conditions, adding geological processes such as sedimentation, transport and erosion, applying state-of-the-art modelling and quantification techniques, and establishing best modelling practices. We also suggest expanding the scope of basin inversion modelling beyond the traditional upper crustal "North Sea style" of inversion, which may contribute to the on-going search for clean energy resources. It follows that basin inversion modelling can bring valuable new insights, providing a great incentive to continue our efforts in this field. We therefore hope that this review paper will form an inspiration for future analogue modelling studies of basin inversion.
Improving the Assessment Process of Family Functioning in Adult Bipolar Disorders: A PRISMA Systematic Review

In order to determine family functioning in the treatment of adults with bipolar disorders, guidelines are needed regarding the way family functioning may be assessed. The present systematic review aims to investigate how family functioning is assessed in this context. Following PRISMA guidelines, a total of 29 studies were reviewed. Results showed that although there was no consensual family functioning assessment across studies, 27 studies (93%) relied on self-report questionnaires, 12 studies (41%) relied on one family member as an informant (adult with bipolar disorder or other) and the adult considered was mostly a woman in the acute phase of bipolar I disorder. Significant heterogeneity was observed in the assessment of family functioning. Methodological considerations regarding the assessment of family functioning are discussed.
Does the Urban Environment Act as a Filter on the Individual Quality of Birds?

Phenotypic divergences of birds are common between urban and natural habitats and can result from different selective pressures between habitats or maladaptation to the city. No uniform patterns were observed, especially concerning markers of bird health, such as, for example, telomere length. Telomeres are involved in maintaining genome integrity and naturally shorten with age, but environmental stressors can accelerate their attrition. Thus, telomere length can be an indicator of individual quality. Some studies showed that urban breeders had longer telomeres than forest individuals. Two hypotheses can explain this result: (1) urban breeders are younger than forests breeders, and (2) cities act as a filter on individuals and only high-quality birds can successfully reproduce. In this context, we compared the age category (molting pattern) and morphological and physiological characteristics of urban and forest Great Tits before and during breeding. No differences in age or body condition were observed. However, urban breeders were smaller and had shorter telomeres than birds captured in winter. Urban birds had longer telomeres than forest birds, only in winter. These results highlight that urban habitats potentially favor smaller birds. However, the decrease in telomere length between winter and reproduction only in the city suggest a higher cost of reproduction in the city compared to the forest.
Semilunar Coronally Repositioned Flap- the Minimally Invasive Root Coverage Technique: A Report of 3 Cases

Introduction: Gingival recession (GR) is the location of marginal periodontal tissues apical to the cemento-enamel junction. Treatment of GR can be done by free gingival graft, laterally positioned pedicle flap, coronally displaced flap, and subepithelial connective tissue graft, semilunar coronally repositioned flap (SCRF). The purpose of this case report is to highlight the simplicity of carrying out SCRP procedure and its long-term benefits in case of maxillary gingival recession. Methods: Three systemically healthy patients aged 35-43 years reported with chief complaint of unesthetic appearance of teeth. Following full mouth scaling and root planning, patients were scheduled for root coverage procedure. SCRF was performed under local anaesthesia and postoperative instructions were given. Patients were asked to record VAS pain score and number of analgesics consumed for 3 days and recalled on 3rd, 10th day, 1, 3, 6 months and 1 year postoperatively. Results: All patients showed complete root coverage for 1 year postoperatively. VAS score showed mild pain for 3 days postoperatively. Conclusion: Semilunar coronally advanced flap is an effective, simple and highly acceptable periodontal plastic procedure.
Tiga dekade laju perubahan garis pantai di Kota Dumai

Mapping of coastline changes helps in coastal development and monitoring. The city of Dumai, on the east coast of Riau Province, has undergone significant and radical changes caused by the intervention of humans and nature over the past three decades. This study mapped and measured the rate of change of the coastline of Dumai City for 30 years. The Landsat (TM, and OLI) image series, 1990, 1999, 2008, and 2020 became a data source to generate coastlines through on-screen digitization techniques, then to study the temporal behavior of coastlines using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) and geographic information systems to describe the spatial and temporal variations of coastlines. The results showed that the coastline length during the observation ranged from 123,14 to 125,23 km, while the average accretion rate was 1.17 meters per year while the average abrasion rate was 2.04 meters per year. Those rates of change affected coastline expanded to the sea for 60,82 hectares and eroded 760,20 hectares coastline to the land.
Dynamic Forecast of Desert Locust Presence Using Machine Learning with a Multivariate Time Lag Sliding Window Technique

Desert locust plagues can easily cause a regional food crisis and thus affect social stability. Preventive control of the disaster highlights the early detection of hopper gregarization before they form devastating swarms. However, the response of hopper band emergence to environmental fluctuation exhibits a time lag. To realize the dynamic forecast of band occurrence with optimal temporal predictors, we proposed an SVM-based model with a temporal sliding window technique by coupling multisource time-series imagery with historical locust ground survey observations from between 2000–2020. The sliding window method was based on a lagging variable importance ranking used to analyze the temporal organization of environmental indicators in band-forming sequences and eventually facilitate the early prediction of band emergence. Statistical results show that hopper bands are more likely to occur within 41–64 days after increased rainfall; soil moisture dynamics increasing by approximately 0.05 m³/m³ then decreasing may enhance the chance of observing bands after 73–80 days. While sparse vegetation areas with NDVI increasing from 0.18 to 0.25 tend to witness bands after 17–40 days. The forecast model combining the optimal time lags of these dynamic indicators with other static indicators allows for a 16-day extended outlook of band presence in Somalia, Ethiopia, and Kenya. Monthly predictions from February to December 2020 display an overall accuracy of 77.46%, with an average ROC-AUC of 0.767 and a mean F-score close to 0.772. The multivariate forecast framework based on the lagging effect can realize the early warning of band presence in different spatiotemporal scenarios, supporting early decisions and response strategies for desert locust preventive management.