Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time to Death and Its Predictors Among Infants in Ethiopia: Multilevel Mixed-Effects Parametric Survival Analysis Using the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey

Introduction Three years ahead of the plan, Ethiopia has met Millennium Development Goal 4 of reducing under-five mortality. Additionally, the nation is on track to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal of putting an end to preventable child mortality. Despite this, recent data from the nation showed that there were 43 infant deaths for every 1000 live births. Moreover, the country has fallen short of the 2015 Health Sector Transformation Plan goal, with an anticipated infant mortality rate of 35 deaths per 1000 live births in 2020. Thus, this study aims to identify the time to death and its predictors among Ethiopian infants. Methods This study used the 2019 Mini-Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data set to conduct a retrospective study. The analysis used survival curves and descriptive statistics. Multilevel mixed-effects parametric survival analysis was applied to identify the predictors of infant mortality. Results The estimated mean survival time of infants was 11.3 months (95% CI: 11.1, 11.4). Women’s current pregnancy status, family size, age of women, previous birth interval, place of delivery, and mode of delivery were significant individual-level predictors of infant mortality. Infants born with less than 24 months’ birth interval had a 2.29 times higher estimated risk of death (AHR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.05, 5.02). Infants born at home were 2.48 times more likely to die than those born in a health facility (AHR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.98). At the community level, women’s education was the only statistically significant predictor of infant death. Conclusion The risk of infant death was higher before the first month of life, typically shortly after birth. Healthcare programs should put a strong emphasis on efforts to space out births and make institutional delivery services more readily accessible to mothers in Ethiopia to address the infant mortality challenges.
Does e-banking moderate customer value relations with corporate reputation: The case of BNI bank in Kediri city, Indonesia

Banking activities that utilize internet media to support banking services and at the same time carry out online transactions using communication media have proven to be profitable and make it easier for customers to make transactions. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether e-banking moderates the relationship between customer value and corporate reputation and examine the effect of service quality, product quality, and brand equity on customer value. The analysis uses a structural equation model of 280 respondents chosen using a targeted sampling method, based on a population of BNI (Bank Negara Indonesia) banking clients in the town of Kediri. The results show that e-banking is a moderating factor and makes a positive contribution to the relationship between client value and the company's reputation. Thus, the usage of the online banking network will increase the reputation of the company. The research also proves that service quality and brand equity make a positive contribution to customer value. When the customer's value acts as a power of attorney and makes a positive contribution to the company's reputation.
Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective

Human neuroimaging has demonstrated the existence of large-scale functional networks in the cerebral cortex consisting of topographically distant brain regions with functionally correlated activity. The salience network (SN), which is involved in detecting salient stimuli and mediating inter-network communication, is a crucial functional network that is disrupted in addiction. Individuals with addiction display dysfunctional structural and functional connectivity of the SN. Furthermore, while there is a growing body of evidence regarding the SN, addiction, and the relationship between the two, there are still many unknowns, and there are fundamental limitations to human neuroimaging studies. At the same time, advances in molecular and systems neuroscience techniques allow researchers to manipulate neural circuits in nonhuman animals with increasing precision. Here, we describe attempts to translate human functional networks to nonhuman animals to uncover circuit-level mechanisms. To do this, we review the structural and functional connections of the salience network and its homology across species. We then describe the existing literature in which circuit-specific perturbation of the SN sheds light on how functional cortical networks operate, both within and outside the context of addiction. Finally, we highlight key outstanding opportunities for mechanistic studies of the SN.
ABSORPTION OF SOLAR RADIATION BY WATER VAPOR IN THE ATMOSPHERE

Abstract Absorption of solar radiation by water vapor in the atmosphere has been studied, with use of Fowle's observed results and application of Elsasser's transmission function. The results are compared with those of other workers. Mugge-Moller's absorption curve and Karandikar's are discussed. As a result of calculations, an absorption chart is obtained from which both the absorption of solar radiation by an air column and the rate of heating of the air can be determined. Examples of calculation with the chart are shown with use of London's data for atmospheric conditions, and the results are compared with his.
Using Twitter Data Analysis to Understand the Perceptions, Beliefs, and Attitudes about Pharmacotherapy Used in Rheumatology: An Observational Study

Twitter has become an important platform for disseminating information about rheumatology drugs by patients, health professionals, institutions, and other users. The aim of this study was to analyze tweets related to 16 drugs used in rheumatology, including their volume, content, and type of user (patients, patients’ relatives, health professionals, health institutions, pharmaceutical industry, general press, scientific journals and patients’ associations), and to detect inappropriate medical content. A total of 8829 original tweets were obtained, with a random sample of 25% of the total number of tweets for each drug (at least 100 tweets) analyzed. Methotrexate (MTX) accounted for a quarter of all tweets, and there were significant differences in the proportion of tweets issued according to the type of user. Patients and their relatives mainly tweeted about MTX, while professionals, institutions, and patient associations posted more about TNF inhibitors. In contrast, the pharmaceutical industry focused on IL-17 inhibitors. Medical content prevailed in all drugs except anti-CD20 and IL-1 inhibitors and the most discussed medical topic was efficacy, followed by posology and adverse effects. Inappropriate or fake content was found to be very low. In conclusion, the majority of the tweets were about MTX, which is a first-line treatment for several diseases. The distribution of medical content varied according to the type of user. In contrast to other studies, the amount of medically inappropriate content was very low.
MHD stagnation-point flow of a micropolar fluid with prescribed wall heat flux

The steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection stagnation point flow towards a vertical surface immersed in an incompressible micropolar fluid with prescribed wall heat flux is investigated. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations, which is then solved numerically by a finite-difference method. Numerical results are obtained for the skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number as well as the velocity and temperature profiles for some values of the governing parameters, namely, the mixed convection parameter, material parameter, and Prandtl number. Dual solutions are found to exist for the opposing flow.
Genre Analysis of Research Abstract: A Literature Review

The presence of an abstract is required in a research publication, and it is a recurring problem for graduate students. The purpose of this literature review article is to elucidate on the following topics by evaluating relevant research publications published in respectable journals between 2014 and 2021: (1) tendency of rhetorical move usage, (2) linguistic features usage in rhetorical moves, and (3) pedagogical implications of rhetorical moves on teaching writing. In previous studies, the following conclusions were confirmed:(1) rhetorical move usage is categorized as obligatory moves and supplementary moves, (2) linguistic features usage in rhetorical moves includes grammatical tense usage, voice form usage, metadiscourse marker, and grammar complexity, and (3) In several research, rhetorical moves yielded positive effects in teaching writing, especially for academic writing instruction and research. This study recommends that more extensive research be conducted, concentrating not just on the moves and steps but also on genre development and their implications. Furthermore, further research is expected to gain a deeper investigation into how genre analysis can improve one’s writing quality. Keywords: genre analysis, rhetorical moves, research abstract.
Machine learning-based screening of the relationship between differential genes and immune infiltration in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent malignancy in humans and one of the common causes of cancer-related deaths. In 2020, there will be 1.8 million new cases of GC and 770,000 deaths worldwide, which is the fifth and fourth highest of all malignancies, respectively. The dataset GSE103236, GSE13911, and GSE79973 was downloaded from the GEO database to comparing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in paired carcinoma tissue and paraneoplastic tissue clinical samples by LASSO and SVM-RFE machine learning methods. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between differential genes and 22 types of immune cells by using the CIBERSORT method, and then provided new ideas for immunotherapy of gastric cancer.
On the Prediction of Stratospheric Balloon Trajectories: Improving Winds with Mesoscale Simulations

AbstractSafety compliance issues for operational studies of the atmosphere with balloons require quantifying risks associated with descent and developing strategies to reduce the uncertainties at the location of the touchdown point. Trajectory forecasts are typically computed from weather forecasts produced by an operational center, for example, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. This study uses past experiments to investigate strategies for improving these forecasts. Trajectories for open stratospheric balloon (OSB) short-term flights are computed using mesoscale simulations with the Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) Model initialized with ECMWF operational forecasts and are assimilated with radio soundings using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) ensemble Kalman filter, for three case studies during the Strapolete 2009 campaign in Sweden. The results are very variable: in one case, the error in the final simulated position is reduced by 90% relative to the forecast u.
Transcriptome Profile of the Rat Adrenal Gland: Parenchymal and Interstitial Cells

The homeostasis of the adrenal gland plays a decisive role in its proper functioning, both in non-stressful conditions and under the influence of various types of stress. This consists of interactions between all types of cells that make up the organ, including parenchymal and interstitial cells. The amount of available information on this subject in the rat adrenal glands under non-stressful conditions is insufficient; the aim of the research was to determine the expression of marker genes for rat adrenal cells depending on their location. The material for the study consisted of adrenal glands taken from intact adult male rats that were separated into appropriate zones. Transcriptome analysis by means of Affymetrix® Rat Gene 2.1 ST Array was used in the study, followed by real-time PCR validation. Expression analysis of interstitial cell marker genes revealed both the amount of expression of these genes and the zone in which they were expressed. The expression of marker genes for fibroblasts was particularly high in the cells of the ZG zone, while the highest expression of specific macrophage genes was observed in the adrenal medulla. The results of this study, especially with regard to interstitial cells, provide a so far undescribed model of marker gene expression of various cells, both in the cortex and medulla of the sexually mature rat adrenal gland. The interdependence between parenchymal and interstitial cells creates a specific microenvironment that is highly heterogeneous within the gland with respect to some of the interstitial cells. This phenomenon most likely depends on the interaction with the differentiated parenchymal cells of the cortex, as well as the medulla of the gland.
Salt Diapir‐Driven Recycling of Gas Hydrate

By harnessing both hypothetical, synthetic basin and gas hydrate (GH) system models and real‐world models of well‐studied salt diapir‐associated GH sites at Green Canyon (Gulf of Mexico) and Blake Ridge (U.S. Atlantic coast), we propose and demonstrate salt movement (and in particular, diapirism) to be a new mechanism for the recycling of marine GH. At Green Canyon, for example, we show that by considering this newly proposed diapir‐driven recycling mechanism in conjunction with previously proposed lithological control on sandy‐reservoir‐hosted hydrate at the base of the GH stability zone (BGHSZ; ∼bottom‐simulating reflector, BSR), modeled GH saturations match drilling data. Overall, salt diapir movement‐induced GH recycling provides a temperature‐driven mechanism by which GH saturations at the BGHSZ may reach >90 vol. % and by which GH volumes near and free gas volumes beneath the BGHSZ may be increased significantly through time. Interestingly, comparison of salt diapir‐driven recycling and sediment burial‐driven recycling scenarios suggests notably higher rates of recycling via diapir‐driven versus burial‐driven processes. Our results suggest that GH and associated free gas accumulations above salt diapir crests represent particularly attractive targets for unconventional and conventional hydrocarbon resource exploration and for scientific and academic drilling expeditions aimed at exploiting GH systems. Salt basins containing GH systems—including passive margin basins of the Gulf of Mexico, southeastern Brazil, and southwestern Africa—are therefore compelling localities for studying salt‐driven GH recycling and for salt diapir‐associated natural gas exploration.
Multiscale Entropy Algorithms to Analyze Complexity and Variability of Trunk Accelerations Time Series in Subjects with Parkinson’s Disease

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of multiscale sample entropy (MSE), refined composite multiscale entropy (RCMSE), and complexity index (CI) to characterize gait complexity through trunk acceleration patterns in subjects with Parkinson’s disease (swPD) and healthy subjects, regardless of age or gait speed. The trunk acceleration patterns of 51 swPD and 50 healthy subjects (HS) were acquired using a lumbar-mounted magneto-inertial measurement unit during their walking. MSE, RCMSE, and CI were calculated on 2000 data points, using scale factors (τ) 1–6. Differences between swPD and HS were calculated at each τ, and the area under the receiver operating characteristics, optimal cutoff points, post-test probabilities, and diagnostic odds ratios were calculated. MSE, RCMSE, and CIs showed to differentiate swPD from HS. MSE in the anteroposterior direction at τ4 and τ5, and MSE in the ML direction at τ4 showed to characterize the gait disorders of swPD with the best trade-off between positive and negative posttest probabilities and correlated with the motor disability, pelvic kinematics, and stance phase. Using a time series of 2000 data points, a scale factor of 4 or 5 in the MSE procedure can yield the best trade-off in terms of post-test probabilities when compared to other scale factors for detecting gait variability and complexity in swPD.
Some Limit Theory for the Self-normalised Periodogram of Stable Processes

Let X(t) = Sigma(j)(infinity) = (-infinity) psi(j)Z(t-j) be a discrete moving average process based on i.i. d. random variables (Z(t),)(t epsilon Z) with common distribution function from the domain of normal attraction of a p-stable law (0 <p less than or equal to 2). We prove weak convergence of the self-normalised periodogram [GRAPJICS] Furthermore, we show that smoothed versions of ($) over bar I-n,(X)(lambda) provide consistent estimates for the normalised transfer function for any p epsilon (0, 2] independent of p.
Conjugate observations of quasiperiodic emissions by the Cluster, Van Allen Probes, and THEMIS spacecraft

We present results of a detailed analysis of two electromagnetic wave events observed in the inner magnetosphere at frequencies of a few kilohertz, which exhibit a quasiperiodic (QP) time modulation of the wave intensity. The events were observed by the Cluster and Van Allen Probes spacecraft and in one event also by the THEMIS E spacecraft. The spacecraft were significantly separated in magnetic local time, demonstrating a huge azimuthal extent of the events. Geomagnetic conditions at the times of the observations were very quiet, and the events occurred inside the plasmasphere. The modulation period observed by the Van Allen Probes and THEMIS E spacecraft (duskside) was in both events about twice larger than the modulation period observed by the Cluster spacecraft (dawnside). Moreover, individual QP elements occur about 15 s earlier on THEMIS E than on Van Allen Probes, which might be related to a finite propagation speed of a modulating ULF wave.
The 2p photoionization of ground-state sodium in the vicinity of Cooper minima

The photoionization processes of ground-state sodium have been investigated with the multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock method. The results are in good or at least reasonable agreement with available experimental and theoretical data. In the energy region near the threshold, the cross sections show non-monotonic changes because of Cooper minima, which due to the sign changes of dominant dipole matrix elements and are very sensitive to electron correlations. As the energy increases continuously, the radial wave functions of the photoelectrons will move towards the nucleus. The values of the cross sections, and hence the Cooper minima, mainly depend on the relative positions of the one-electron radial wave functions of the initial bound electrons 2 p 1 / 2,3 / 2 and the continuum photoelectrons.
Complex Versus Simple Modeling for DIF Detection

Previous research has demonstrated that differential item functioning (DIF) methods that do not account for multilevel data structure could result in too frequent rejection of the null hypothesis (i.e., no DIF) when the intraclass correlation coefficient (ρ) of the studied item was the same as the ρ of the total score. The current study extended previous research by comparing the performance of DIF methods when ρ of the studied item was less than ρ of the total score, a condition that may be observed with considerable frequency in practice. The performance of two simple and frequently used DIF methods that do not account for multilevel data structure, the Mantel–Haenszel test (MH) and logistic regression (LR), was compared with the performance of a complex and less frequently used DIF method that does account for multilevel data structure, hierarchical logistic regression (HLR). Simulation indicated that HLR and LR performed equivalently in terms of significance tests under most conditions, and MH was conservative across most of the conditions. Effect size estimate of HLR was equally accurate and consistent as effect size estimates of LR and MH under the Rasch model and was more accurate and consistent than LR and MH effect size estimates under the two-parameter item response theory model. The results of the current study provide evidence to help researchers further understand the comparative performance between complex and simple modeling for DIF detection under multilevel data structure.
Molecular simulations of methane, ethane and propane adsorption on TON

The aim of this study was to understand and characterize the adsorption of small alkanes, namely methane, ethane and propane, in zeolite TON through detailed Monte Carlo simulations. The isotherms of pure components were calculated and showed good agreement with experimental data. The adsorption positions, adsorption energy of pure components and isotherms of mixtures were also simulated and the results are discussed.
Motivational dispositions predict qualitative differences in oral task performance

Abstract The study examined how learners’ motivational dispositions predict the complexity, accuracy, fluency of their oral task performance and their overall second language proficiency. Eighty-one speakers of English as a second language in the United States completed a regulatory focus and a regulatory mode questionnaire, an oral interview task, and a picture description task. Regression analyses showed a meaningful pattern of results. The assessment mode (concerned with analysis, evaluation, and comparison) contributed to syntactic and lexical complexity, the reduction of dysfluencies, and overall English proficiency, whereas the locomotion mode (concerned with acting without deliberation) positively predicted the speed measure of fluency and the total number of errors. The prevention focus (concerned with stability, security, and safety) negatively predicted lexical sophistication, whereas the promotion focus (concerned with advancement, accomplishments, and growth) predicted overall English proficiency. Theoretical and instructional implications were discussed.
Justification of Indication for Cranial CT Imaging after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury According to the Current National Guidelines

The primary aim was to evaluate the compliance of cranial CT indication with the national guideline-based decision rules in patients after mTBI. The secondary aim was to determine the incidence of CT pathologies among justified and unjustified CT scans and to investigate the diagnostic value of these decision rules. This is a retrospective, single-center study on 1837 patients (mean age = 70.7 years) referred to a clinic of oral and maxillofacial surgery following mTBI over a five-year period. The current national clinical decision rules and recommendations for mTBI were retrospectively applied to calculate the incidence of unjustified CT imaging. The intracranial pathologies among the justified and unjustified CT scans were presented using descriptive statistical analysis. The performance of the decision rules was ascertained by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. A total of 123 intracerebral lesions were radiologically detected in 102 (5.5%) of the study patients. Most (62.1%) of the CT scans strictly complied with the guideline recommendations, and 37.8% were not justified and likely avoidable. A significantly higher incidence of intracranial pathology was observed in patients with justified CT scans compared with patients with unjustified CT scans (7.9% vs. 2.5%, p < 0.0001). Patients with loss of consciousness, amnesia, seizures, cephalgia, somnolence, dizziness, nausea, and clinical signs of cranial fractures presented pathologic CT findings more frequently (p < 0.05). The decision rules identified CT pathologies with 92.28% sensitivity and 39.08% specificity. To conclude, compliance with the national decision rules for mTBI was low, and more than a third of the CT scans performed were identified as “likely avoidable”. A higher incidence of pathologic CT findings was detected in patients with justified cranial CT imaging. The investigated decision rules showed a high sensitivity but low specificity for predicting CT pathologies.