Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biocompatible Silver Nanoparticles synthesized from Andrographis echioides and its Antioxidant and Antidiabetic effects on STZ induced Diabetic Rats

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by complete or relative lack of insulin, or insulin resistance. Metal nanoparticles preparation using plant is an important branch of biosynthesis processes. Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees. (Family: Acanthaceae), also known as Indoneesiella echioides (L.) which is commonly known as false water willow. Various biochemical Parameters, Enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were analyzed in the liver, kidney, pancreas as per the standard procedures. Administration of AgNPs hydroalcholoic extract of A. echioides (AgNPsHEAE) significantly lowers the blood glucose level, gluconeogenic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1, 6bisphosphatase whereas increases the activities of hexokinase, glucose-6 phosphatase dehydrogenase and GSH via by increasing level of insulin. AgNPsHEAE reduces the total cholesterol and triglycerides, decreases the LDL-C, VLDL-C and it considerably increase the level of HDL-C. In plasma and tissues i.e. liver, kidney, pancreas, AgNPsHEAE increased catalase activity and GSH level and decreased lipid peroxidation, and increases the enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants levels. Furthermore, the histological damages in pancreas, liver and kidney tissues were reduced. These results indicated a good hypoglycemic and antioxidant activity of AgNPsHEAE. The overall results are suggestive that AgNPs hydroalcholoic extract of A. echioides act as efficient free radical scavenger intercept those radicals which are involved in drug metabolism by microsomal enzymes. To best of our knowledge this is the first report of green synthesis of AgNPsHEAE antioxidant and antidiabetic properties.
Management of Impacted Urethral Calculi: An Uncommon Cause of Acute Urine Retention in North-western Nigeria

Urethral stones though rare manifestation of urolithiasis may be primary but mostly are secondary arising from either the urinary bladder or the upper tract. When impacted in the urethra may result in acute urinary retention and difficulty in urethral catheterization. Various treatment modalities are available ranging from initial suprapubic cystostomy and subsequent open surgical or endoscopic procedures as well as treatment of associated urethral pathology. We report our experience in the management of patients with acute urine retention due to impacted urethral calculi in a tertiary hospital. This was a retrospective review of forty patients with impacted urethral stones managed at the Urology Unit, Department of Surgery Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto from January 2005 to December 2015. Data were collected from patients’ case notes and entered in to a proforma and analysed using SPSS 20.0 version for Windows. Forty patients comprising of one female (2.5%) and 39 males (97.5%), mean age was 25±17.4 years with a range of 1-63yrs. In twenty patients (50%), attempt at urethral catheterization was not successful. Location of the impacted calculi were meatal 7 (17.5%), distal penile 4 (10%), mid penile 8 (20%), proximal penile 1 (2.5%), bulbar 4 (10%), peno-bulbar junction 3 (7.5%), posterior urethra 11 (27.5%), and bladder neck 2 (5%). Spontaneous extrusion of the calculi occurred in 4 (10%), while expulsion occurred in 2 (5%) after intra-urethral instillation of 2% lidocaine jelly. Other treatment modalities in the remaining patients included; meatotomy 11 (27.5%), open urethrolithotomy 6 (15%), urethroscopy and pneumatic lithotripsy 6 (15%), urethroscopy and stone retrieval 1 (2.5%), urethrolithotomy and urethroplasty 2 (5%), and cystolithotomy 8 (20%). Impacted urethral stone may be a cause of acute urinary retention and failed urethral catheterisation. The stone can pass spontaneously with or without manipulation or can be removed by endoscopic or open technique when spontaneous passage is not successful.
AN4_OA_Sidharth 5

Aim: The aim of our study was to compare the effect of mannitol and hypertonic saline on intraoperative brain relaxation during elective craniotomy. Methods: A total of 100 patients, scheduled to undergo craniotomy were enrolled in this study and were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group M patients received 5 ml/kg 20% mannitol (M) and Group HTS received 3% hypertonic saline (HTS) at the start of scalp incision. Hemodynamics, fluid balance and serum electrolytes, were measured at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min and 6 h after infusion. Intensive Care Unit stay and requirement of ventilation was also recorded. The surgeon assessed brain relaxation on a four‐point scale (1 = Relaxed, 2 = Satisfactory, 3 = Firm, 4 = Bulging). P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Intraoperative brain relaxation in the HTS group (relaxed /satisfactory /firm/ bulging, n=26/18/5/1) were better than those observed in the M group (relaxed/satisfactory/firm/bulging (n = 21/19/6/4). The levels of serum sodium were higher in the HTS group compared to group M. Conclusion: Our study concluded that HTS provided better brain relaxation than mannitol during elective craniotomy, without affecting ICU and hospital stay.
A HYBRID MODEL IN PREDICTION OF ADHD USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

In this paper, a hybrid artificial network model called DIAGADHD is proposed for the diagnosis of ADHD (Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder) using neuro fuzzy technique. This model is a combination of unsupervised training algorithm using self organizing maps and supervised training algorithm using radial basis function. The linguistic values of suspected children are received from the parents or the teachers and then converted into fuzzy membership values. Those values are given as input to the hybrid model and trained for diagnosing ADHD. The approach proposed in this paper uses a hybrid neural network system consisting of Kohonen’s self organizing maps followed by a radial basis function which uses fuzzy membership values as input. The model is trained in two phases on ADHD data. The trained hybrid model is tested for its effective performance and the experimental results are compared with the back propagation algorithm.
GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS FOR QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN LENTIL

The genetic parameters, character association, path coefficient analysis and clustering pattern were studied on a large number of lentil germplasm accessions (one thousand eighty six) during 2009 and 2010 at New Delhi. Significant variation was noticed for all the traits. High heritability estimates were observed for all the traits except number of primary branches/plant followed by seeds/ pod. In general phenotypic coefficients of variability were greater than their corresponding genotypic coefficients of variability, High estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance and moderate to high GCV were observed for days to 50% flowering (67%) maturity (57%) and pods/ plant (24%) and seed yield (80%) indicating that these characters are mainly governed by additive genes and selection of such traits might be effective for the improvement of seed yield. Inclusion of diverse parents in hybridization programme serves the purpose of combining desirable genes in new recombinations. Non-Heirarchial euclidean cluster analysis distributed the genotypes into three broad clusters. Crosses if attempted between cluster 1 and either of cluster II or III would produce desirable recombinants for grain yield. Based on the results of the means of the two years considering together for various traits the following accessions were found superior for early flowering (IC560333, IC-559639, IC-560111, IC-311161, IC-345491) for extra tall (IC-559744, IC-559608, IC-560040, IC-560291, IC-559763) and for higher number of pods/plant (IC-398094, L-7740, L-169, JBT-3164, L322) Diversified germplasm possessing different desirable traits may prove useful for incorporation of these traits in the lentil improvement programme.
Laparoscopic Ovariohysterectomy in Dogs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surgical technique of Laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy (LOVH) in dogs. LOVH was evaluated in eight healthy intact bitches. The surgical procedure was applied under xylazineketamine anesthesia; insufflation was performed by CO2 at the pressure of 12 mm Hg. Monopolar electrocautery and titanium clips were used for haemostasis. LOVH was performed successfully in all bitches. No surgical complications were observed during surgery and one month after surgery. The mean surgical time (incision to suture) was 35 minutes (ranged 45-25). In conclusion, Laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy in a dog could be an alternative procedure to conventional ovariohystrectomy.
The Determination of Adulteration in Orange Based Fruit Juices

The main objective of the study was to determine adulteration in orange fruit juices in Harare, Zimbabwe. Stratified sampling method was adopted to collect the 6 different brands of 50% pure juices. The six brand samples were analysed for trace metals (magnesium, calcium, potassium, and sodium), acidity, and brix value as well as reducing sugars. The results were analysed and statistical test of correlation and linear regression was used. There were deviations from the assigned value of 50% real juice and some brand sample showed higher levels of adulteration with very low brix value ( ̊19.5) as well as low juice content (20.65%) indicating water additions in the juice. Other brands indicated sucrose additions because of their higher brix value than the reference standard. There is a relationship between juice content, mineral content and sugar content. It is recommended that it should be made mandatory for all juice manufacturers’ large and small scale to be certified to ensure that authentic fruit juices are manufactured and honestly labeled.
26. OA_Neki 2_2_3_18

Background: Since metabolic syndrome (MetS) and thyroid dysfunction (TD) are both characterized by a cluster of common abnormalities, it is possible that patients suffering from both disease entities might have compounded risk. This study was aimed to evaluate the pattern of TD in subjects with MetS and its relationship with components of the MetS. Methods: One hundred cases defined according to the International Diabetic Federation (IDF) criteria were evaluated for vital parameters, lipid and thyroid profile, along with other routine laboratory parameters. Results: There was a significant association of various metabolic syndrome parameters viz. body mass index(BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides (TG) and fasting blood sugar(FBS) with TD (P<0.05). It was found that BMI, waist circumference (WC), SBP, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and FBS had significant (P<0.05) positive linear correlation whereas age and high density lipoprotein (HDL) had non-significant (P>0.05) negative correlation with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Conclusion: The prevalence of TD in patients with MetS was high; while subjects with SCH and elderly females were at increased risk.
AWARENESS ABOUT NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS AMONG NURSES AND HEALTHCARE WORKERS OF HOSPITAL IN MEERUT UP

Physicians, nurses and health care workers are exposed to hospitals for long duration which increases their risk of acquiring infections. Infection control practices are geared towards reduction of occurrence and transmission of infectious diseases. Hundreds of millions of patients are affected by Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) worldwide each year, leading to significant patient mortality rates and financial losses for health systems. Education and training of healthcare workers about standard infection control can reduce the extent of risks of nosocomial infection. Nurses have a critical role to play in prevention measures and infection control and they should have the opportunity for continuous professional development. To assess the knowledge, and practices of nurses and Healthcare workers of Hospital in Meerut. A pre-designed, pre-tested, anonymous self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was given to each respondent. Data was collected over a period of four months from September to December 2013.As results shows that, 102 respondents were participated in this study. There was poor knowledge about the hand hygiene 83.33%, use of gloves 61.76% and use of mask, goggle and gown 58.82%. Thus it was concluded that the knowledge about nosocomial infection was poor. A serious effort like educational training is needed to improve the knowledge on nosocomial infection is necessary for nurses and health workers.
Characterization of CuO substituted 45S5 Bioactive Glasses and Glass - ceramics

ZnO substituted 45S5 bioactive - glasses and glass - ceramics were prepared. In vitro bioactivity of bioactive glasses and glass - ceramics, before and after exposed to simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for different time periods, were investigated by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) reflectance spectrometer with measuring the pH and the concentrations of silicon, sodium, calcium, phosphorus and zinc ions in SBF solution. The density, micro hardness and flexural strength of bioactive glasses and glass - ceramics were measured. Experimental results show that in vitro bioactivity nearly remains same by doping 1% of ZnO by weight, but after that as well as ZnO content increases in vitro bioactivity decreases. Crystallization of bioactive glasses decreases in vitro bioactivity. The density, micro hardness and flexural strength of bioactive glass - ceramics are higher than their respective bioactive glasses and these are also increasing with the increase of ZnO content.
THE INTENTION TO PLAY ONLINE MOBILE GAMES IN HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM

: The mobile game industry in Asia has been rapidly developed and is on its way to become the main sector in the mobile service industry thanks to the significantly fast growth of internet and mobile devices. However, most researches still focus on how to create fascinating computer or video games. Therefore, this study aims to examine the factors affecting gamers’ intention to play in Vietnam. It proposes a research model based on both technological and psychological factors. Data collection was done through quantitative surveys and then, 410 valid responses were used for Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis. The results have shown that the most important drivers of gamers’ intention to play online mobile games is perceived enjoyment, followed by satisfaction about games, which in turn is predicted by perceived co-presence and perceived enjoyment. Moreover, among the three technological factors, communication characteristics affect both types of gamers’ perception; however, the strongest impact belongs to attractive characteristics, which significantly influence perceived enjoyment. In contrast, it was proven that image characteristics and attractive characteristics do not have significant impact on perceived enjoyment and perceived co-presence, respectively. Overall findings of this study provide some suggestions to mobile game companies as well as independent game producers in conducting appropriate strategies to create interesting and entertaining online mobile games with suitable features to make players feel more enjoyable and willing to stick with the games.
Urban and Regional Planning

Cities are widely recognized as the preferred places for cultural production and interactions, with their ability to agglomerate high-skilled workers and talented people, and to host services and knowledge infrastructures connected through formal and informal networks. They stand at the intersection points of both physical connections, including passenger travels and trade of goods and non-physical relations. The paper starts from the acknowledgment that innovation comes out as a consequence of these networks, triggering the economic growth and making cities attractive and competitive. It will then investigate the role of the human capital, as the current best productive asset, that acquires a new value in virtue of the social capital. The aim is to demonstrate that multiculturalism is an innovative, dynamic factor for development necessary for cities to thrive, that is particularly present within port cities. These nodes of transportation and relational networks, in fact, are embedded into several activities that go far beyond their boundaries and emerge as places of conflicts, but also of innovation and progress. In order to support the discussion, this contribution will explore the Innovation District of Boston as a significant case study, since, with its strong multiculturalism within a port environment that is deeply changing, the area is favoring the new economy of innovation. The results of the study will highlight the challenging character of stressing multiculturalism in a general climate of mistrust, intolerance and fear and will recognize the fact that in the era of the human capital there is an important element linked to connections, both physical (transportation links) and relational (social capital), that have the ability to transform the look of cities, opening up new opportunities to grow and use the human capital in unexpected ways. A set of possible future scenarios of policies will be proposed as well, considering the diversity added value and the prioritization of physical and relational connections.
An Intercluster-Chaining Protocol with Neighbour Node for Energy Efficient Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks

— In this paper, we propose an Intercluster-Chaining Protocol with Neighbour Node for Energy Efficient Data Collection (ICCPNN) in Wireless Sensor Networks to prolonging network lifetime and low energy consumption and reduce transmission delay of data. ICCPNN using Neighbouring nodes for data collection that are chained with Cluster Head (CH). ICCPNN organizes sensor nodes into clusters by using multiple distance metrics and constructs a chain with Neighbour Node. Neighbour Node is elected based on it’s minimum distance between the CH and elected Neighbour Node construct a chain among the sensor nodes within cluster so that each sensor node receives data from a previous neighbor and transmits to a next neighbor. Existing approah that invoves CH is to collect information from all SN nodes that are present in cluster. But ICCPNN approach reduces CH work siginificantly for its data collection and saving energy of CH and reduces delay. Data collection is done by calling Neighbour Node is enough. No need to call all the SN nodes in cluster. If work is reduced energy will saved automatically and prolonging the network lifetime. ICCPNN also adopts a chain based data transmission mechanism for sending non-time critical data packets from the cluster heads to the base station. Our Simulation results explain that our proposed protocol significantly outperforms LEACH, CBRP and PEGASIS in conditions of network lifetime, energy consumption, transmission delay of data and the total number of data received at base station.
Non Invasive Brain Stimulation to Improve Metaphoric Speech Processing in

Background: An underestimated feature of schizophrenia is the impaired processing of the metaphoric speech, mainly due to a reduced activation of the right hemisphere. Objective/hypothesis: We investigated whether anodal tDCS over the right posterior superior temporal sulcus may improve the processing of metaphoric speech of schizophrenia patients (SCZ). Methods: Ten SCZ subjects were randomly allocated to receive a single session of active tDCS or sham stimulation. Metaphoric speech processing was investigated through a discrimination task between literal or metaphoric expressions. Results: tDCS improved significantly the reaction time but not the accuracy of the answers at the discrimination task compared to sham stimulation. Conclusion: These preliminary results should be verified in larger studies with more sessions of tDCS.
Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Aeromonas spp . Isolated from Orna-mental Fish

The genus Aeromonas belongs to the family Aeromonadaceae within the Gammaproteobacteria and comprises Gram-negative, nonspore-forming, motile bacilli or coccobacilli rods with rounded ends which measure 1-3,5 μm across [3]. They are facultative anaerobic, oxidase, catalase and indol-positive, able to reduce nitrate to nitrite and are, glucose-fermenting, generally resistant to the vibriostatic agent O/129 [4,5].
An Alternative to Angle ANB in the Assessment of Sagittal Discrepancy: A Case for W angle, M-axis and G-axis based on a Secondary Analysis of Clinical Trial Data

In the treatment of patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion, the overjet can be corrected by dento-alveolar retraction of the upper incisors or skeletal mandibular advancement [1]. In practice, overjet reduction involves both mechanisms and it is desirable to maximise the latter. Trenouth and Desmond [2, 3] showed that during Twin-block appliance treatment, the presence of a Southend clasp not only reduced tipping of the upper and lower incisors, but also enhanced the skeletal correction.
Utilization of Waste: Extraction and Characterization of Chitosan from Shrimp Byproducts

Chitin and Chitosan have been produced from shrimp byproduct by chemical method. Shrimp byproducts were collected from fish processing point. The process of chitin extraction from shrimp waste was involving demineralization with 2% (v/v) HCl solution (10:1 v/w, 30oC, 12h), then de-proteinization with 4% (w/v) NaOH solution (10:1 v/w, 90oC, 12h). Chitosan was produced by deacetylation step by treating extracted chitin under conditions of 15 psi/121oC with 50% NaOH for 20 min and a solid/solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v). Results show that the yield of the extracted chitosan was 54.65% and the degree of deacetylation was 70.9% with pH 8.4 and solubility of 98.15% compared to commercial chitosan 99.0%. The higher yield was due to repeating demineralization and deprotonated steps twice. Viscosity of extracted chitosan was 12.23 cPs which was higher than commercial chitosan 8.06 cPs. Other chitosan properties have been investigated including water binding capacity, oil binding capacity, emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and antioxidant activity of extracted chitosan. Keywords: Chitosan, extraction, deacetylation, water binding capacity.
Exposure to Sidestream Tobacco Smoke Induces Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Inflammation in Early Postnatal Mice

ETS exposure in infants and children increases respiratory symptoms such as coughs, wheezing [1] and airway obstruction [26]. Epidemiological studies show that children are more susceptible to adverse respiratory effects of passive smoking than adults [7], suggesting that exposure to ETS in early development may be a predisposing factor. Indeed, recent studies in animals showed that exposure to ETS during prenatal and early postnatal life produces the changes to lung function [8], indicating a possible critical period of developmental sensitivity to cigarette smoke exposure during the early postnatal period.