Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model study of the North Atlantic region atmospheric response to autumn tropical Atlantic sea‐surface‐temperature anomalies

Lead–lag Maximum Covariance Analysis (MCA) between National Centers for Environmental Prediction re‐analysis sea surface temperature (SST) and 500 hPa geopotential‐height fields shows that autumn tropical Atlantic SST anomalies are significantly linked with the following‐winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The ability of the Météo‐France atmospheric general circulation model ARPEGE to reproduce this relationship is tested, by forcing it with autumn tropical SST anomalies derived from lead–lag MCA analysis results. The autumn SST forcing induces a strong wave‐like simultaneous response in October and November. The occurrence of the autumn weather regimes is also affected, in agreement with the significant spatial correlation of the midlatitude part of the wave response with the NAO pattern. By coupling the model with a slab ocean in midlatitudes, we show that the thermal coupling between the ocean and the atmosphere allows a better representation of the midlatitude part of the response. A negative autumn tropical SST anomaly triggers an interaction between the midlatitude SST, the low‐frequency circulation and the storm‐track activity, which reinforces and maintains a positive phase of the NAO until winter. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society
p-Anisidine release study by hydrolysis of Schiff bases in homogeneous media

ABSTRACT. The objective of this work is to study the release of p-anisidine by the hydrolysis of synthesized Schiff bases N-vinylbenzylidene-p-anisidine (Im) as a monomer and its copolymers (Cp1, Cp2) with N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA). The hydrolysis behavior and kinetics are investigated in homogeneous media composed of ethanol/water (80% v/v) at 37 °C and at pH range of 4.0-10.0. The variation of the concentration over time is measured in thermostatically cells using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results showed that the imine function hydrolysis obeyed to the first order for all compounds; the experimental kinetic constants are determined and the pH–rate diagram profile is established. It is noticed that the hydrolysis of imine function is extremely dependent on its carrier and the pH medium. KEY WORDS: p-Anisidine, Copolymer, Schiff base, Hydrolysis, pH–rate diagram, Controlled release Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 745-755. DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3. 16
Energy harvesting over a fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensor

Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensor (DAS) has been deployed for real-time monitoring of various physical phenomena. The operational principle of DAS relies on monitoring backscattered light from a fiber while leaving the pump optical pulses to get wasted at the fiber distal end. Here, we report on energy harvesting from the DAS pump optical signal to supply energy to passive devices. In this work, a DAS over a ∼1.1-km single-mode fiber (SMF) detects a 200-Hz vibration event produced by a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) while harvesting a 1.58–mW optical signal to charge a 10-F supercapacitor.
Occupational Exposure of Forest Workers to the Urticating Setae of the Pine Processionary Moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa

The larvae of the pine processionary moth are a threat to public health because they produce detachable setae that are about 200 µm long and 6 µm wide, reaching a total number of up to 1 million per mature individual. The setae are intended to be released to protect the larvae from predators but become a public health issue when in contact with humans and warm-blooded animals. Symptoms associated with the setae are typically urticaria and local swelling erythema, although edema of the skin, conjunctivitis or respiratory mucosa may occur. Occupational exposure concerns mainly forest workers but also farmers and gardeners. In the present study, we quantify the exposure to the setae of forest workers in a district of Northern Italy. The pine processionary moth represents a real case of occupational exposure as the urticating setae produced by the larvae caused symptoms in most forest workers directly in contact with the infested trees. In addition, the urticating setae were detected on the body of the chainsaw operators and in the surroundings of the felled trees during the operations. The non-exposed workers of the same agency did not report symptoms, with only one exception, likely linked to a non-occupational exposure. As the risk is not immediately perceived by the workers because direct contact with the larvae is unlikely, a campaign of information to workers and the general population living nearby infested forestry areas about the risk associated with airborne exposure is recommended. This becomes especially important in the areas of recent expansion of the insect, where people are inexperienced.
High-resolution spectroscopy of globular cluster post-Asymptotic Giant Branch stars

We present model atmosphere analyses of high resolution Keck and VLT optical spectra for three evolved stars in globular clusters, viz. ZNG-1 in M 10, ZNG-1 in M 15 and ZNG-1 in NGC 6712. The derived atmospheric parameters and chemical compositions confirm the programme stars to be in the post-Asymptotic Giant Branch (post-AGB) evolutionary phase. Differential abundance analyses reveal CNO abundance patterns in M 10 ZNG-1, and possibly M 15 ZNG-1, which suggest that both objects may have evolved off the AGB before the third dredge-up occurred. The abundance pattern of these stars is similar to the third class of optically, bright post-AGB objects discussed by van Winckel (1997). Furthermore, M 10 ZNG-1 exhibits a large C underabundance (with � (C/O) ∼− 1.6 dex), typical of other hot post-AGB objects. Differential � (α/Fe) abundance ratios in both M 10 ZNG-1 and NGC 6712 ZNG-1 are found to be approximately 0.0 dex, with the Fe abundance of the former being in disagreement with the cluster metallicity of M 10. Given that the Fe absorption features in both M 10 ZNG-1 and NGC 6712 ZNG-1 are well observed and reliably modelled, we believe that these differential Fe abundance estimates to be secure. However, our Fe abundance is difficult to explain in terms of previous evolutionary processes that occur on both the Horizontal Branch and the AGB.
Salvia sclarea Essential Oil Chemical Composition and Biological Activities

Salvia sclarea essential oil (SSEO) has a long tradition in the food, cosmetic, and perfume industries. The present study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of SSEO, its antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity in vitro and in situ, antibiofilm, and insecticidal activity. Besides that, in this study, we have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of SSEO constituent (E)-caryophyllene and standard antibiotic meropenem. Identification of volatile constituents was performed by using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques. Results obtained indicated that the main constituents of SSEO were linalool acetate (49.1%) and linalool (20.6%), followed by (E)-caryophyllene (5.1%), p-cimene (4.9%), a-terpineol (4.9%), and geranyl acetate (4.4%). Antioxidant activity was determined as low by the means of neutralization of the DDPH radical and ABTS radical cation. The SSEO was able to neutralize the DPPH radical to an extent of 11.76 ± 1.34%, while its ability to decolorize the ABTS radical cation was determined at 29.70 ± 1.45%. Preliminary results of antimicrobial activity were obtained with the disc diffusion method, while further results were obtained by broth microdilution and the vapor phase method. Overall, the results of antimicrobial testing of SSEO, (E)-caryophyllene, and meropenem, were moderate. However, the lowest MIC values, determined in the range of 0.22–0.75 µg/mL for MIC50 and 0.39–0.89 µg/mL for MIC90, were observed for (E)-caryophyllene. The antimicrobial activity of the vapor phase of SSEO (towards microorganisms growing on potato) was significantly stronger than that of the contact application. Biofilm analysis using the MALDI TOF MS Biotyper showed changes in the protein profile of Pseudomonas fluorescens that showed the efficiency of SSEO in inhibiting biofilm formation on stainless-steel and plastic surfaces. The insecticidal potential of SSEO against Oxycarenus lavatera was also demonstrated, and results show that the highest concentration was the most effective, showing insecticidal activity of 66.66%. The results obtained in this study indicate the potential application of SSEO as a biofilm control agent, in the shelf-life extension and storage of potatoes, and as an insecticidal agent.
A Comparative Study on Parameter Recovery of Three Approaches to Structural Equation Modeling

Traditionally, two approaches have been employed for structural equation modeling: covariance structure analysis and partial least squares. A third alternative, generalized structured component analysis, was introduced recently in the psychometric literature. The authors conduct a simulation study to evaluate the relative performance of these three approaches in terms of parameter recovery under different experimental conditions of sample size, data distribution, and model specification. In this study, model specification is the only meaningful condition in differentiating the performance of the three approaches in parameter recovery. Specifically, when the model is correctly specified, covariance structure analysis tends to recover parameters better than the other two approaches. Conversely, when the model is misspecified, generalized structured component analysis tends to recover parameters better. Finally, partial least squares exhibits inferior performance in parameter recovery compared with the other approaches. In particular, this tendency is salient when the model involves cross-loadings. Thus, generalized structured component analysis may be a good alternative to partial least squares for structural equation modeling and is recommended over covariance structure analysis unless correct model specification is ensured.
Conservation Genetics of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens): Nuclear Phylogeography Drives Contemporary Patterns of Genetic Structure and Diversity

Sustainable management of exploited and endangered species is facilitated by knowledge of their geographic genetic structure. Lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) epitomizes both categories, but genetic information has largely been limited to the Laurentian Great Lakes basin. We assessed the hierarchical geographic genetic structure of lake sturgeon across their Canadian range using a variation at 14 microsatellite loci. Observed patterns showed evidence of two ancestral groups which originated from Mississippian and Missourian glacial refugia. Coalescent analysis indicates the two lineages most recently shared common ancestry during the late Pleistocene and were likely isolated by the late Wisconsinan ice advance, with subsequent interpopulation divergences within each lineage reflecting their reciprocal isolation as glacial meltwaters receded. Hierarchical patterns of genetic relationships among contemporary populations largely reflect colonization histories and connections within primary and secondary watersheds. Populations in western Canada showed strong similarities based on their shared Missourian origins and colonization from glacial Lake Agassiz. By contrast, populations in the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River drainage were largely founded from a Mississippian source. Sturgeon populations in northern parts of Ontario and Quebec showed evidence of mixed ancestry from secondary contact between the two refugial groups through Holocene meltwater lakes. Within major watersheds, the strong similarity among geographically separate populations reflects their shared ancestry during postglacial colonization. The general lack of structure within major river systems highlights historically continuous habitat (connectivity) and gene flow rather than contemporary barriers (dams). These data highlight the importance of Quaternary and prehistoric events on patterns of genetic diversity and divergence within and among contemporary populations, as well as the importance of these populations for conserving the species’ evolutionary legacy.
Is JavaScript Call Graph Extraction Solved Yet? A Comparative Study of Static and Dynamic Tools

Code analysis is more important than ever because JavaScript is increasingly popular and actively used, both on the client and server sides. Most algorithms for analyzing vulnerabilities, finding coding issues, or inferring type depend on the call graph representation of the underlying program. Luckily, there are quite a few tools to get this job done already. However, their performance in vitro and especially in vivo has not yet been extensively compared and evaluated. In this paper, we compare several approaches for building JavaScript call graphs, namely five static and two dynamic approaches on 26 WebKit SunSpider programs, and two static and two dynamic approaches on 12 real-world Node.js programs. The tools under examination using static techniques were npm call graph, IBM WALA, Google Closure Compiler, Approximate Call Graph, and Type Analyzer for JavaScript. We performed dynamic analyzes relying on the nodejs-cg tool (a customized Node.js runtime) and the NodeProf instrumentation and profiling framework. We provide a quantitative evaluation of the results, and a result quality analysis based on 941 manually validated call edges. On the SunSpider programs, which do not take any inputs, so dynamic extraction could be complete, all the static tools also performed well. For example, TAJS found 93% of all edges while having a 97% precision compared to the precise dynamic call graph. When it comes to real-world Node.js modules, our evaluation shows that static tools struggle with parsing the code and fail to detect a significant amount of call edges that dynamic approaches can capture. Nonetheless, a significant number of edges not detected by dynamic approaches are also reported. Among these, however, there are also edges that are real, but for some reason the unit tests did not execute the branches in which these calls were included.
Statistical study of inverted-V structures in FAST data

Since the 1970s the inverted-V structures have been observed in the satellite-borne particle data. These 3- shaped enhancements of the differential energy flux on the high energy channels on the top of low number flux on the lower energies are traces of auroral particle acceleration by U-shaped potential drops along the field lines within the au- roral zones. In this study, we show the results of a statistical study of inverted-V events in five years (1997-2001) of the Fast Auroral SnapshoT (FAST) electron spectrograms. We found 588 well-defined events in total, but the statistical re- sults are also shown for a subset of 97 very best events. The statistical analysis shows that the inverted-V's mainly occur within the auroral oval latitudes (65 -75 invariant latitude), in the pre-midnight sector (21-23 magnetic local time) and during the Northern Hemisphere winter months (November to February). The typical maximum energies of the inverted-V's are 2-4 keV, when a threshold value of 0.3 keV is used as a selection criterion. This corresponds to an acceleration potential drop of a few kV. The typical peak energy tends to increase towards the magnetic mid- night. Most of the inverted-V events occur during magnet- ically quiet or moderate activity, Kp 1-4. The usual width of an inverted-V varies from 20 to 40 km and is comparable to the peak value of the typical meso-scale auroral arc width of 10-20 km. Furthermore, the polar cap potential values es- timated from the SuperDARN radar data are always at least three times larger than the inverted-V acceleration potential drop.
Low specific absorption rate quad-port multiple-input-multiple-output limber antenna integrated with flexible frequency selective surface for WBAN applications

This paper presents the design and analysis of a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) textile antenna for wireless body area network (WBAN) applications. The MIMO antenna is comprised of four identical modified rhombus-shaped monopole antenna elements of size of 0.57 λ0× 0.57λ0× 0. 015λ0 , where λ0 is the wavelength calculated at the lowest operating frequency. The antenna is backed by a 6 ×6 frequency selective surface (FSS) of dimensions of 0.84 λ0× 0.84λ0× 0. 015λ0 to improve gain and to reduce specific absorption rate (SAR). The antenna has an impedance bandwidth (S 11 ⩽ −10 dB) of 8.8 GHz (2.8–11.6 GHz) and isolation of >19 dB between the resonating elements. In order to assess the MIMO antenna’s flexibility, the bending analysis is performed for various bending radii. The obtained diversity metrics are: envelope correlation coefficient <0.5 dB, diversity gain <10 dB, channel capacity loss <0.4 bits s−1 Hz−1, and total active reflection coefficient <−10 dB. The performance of the antenna with and without FSS is investigated for gain enhancement and SAR reduction. With the help of FSS, the antenna gain is increased to 8.44 dBi, and the SAR reduced from 6.99 Watt kg−1 to 0.0273 Watt kg−1. The FSS achieves the highest efficiency of 96%. The designed antenna is suitable for smart textile applications due to its low SAR, high gain, and wider impedance bandwidth.
The Small Scale Environment of Low Surface Brightness Disk Galaxies

We use a sample of about 340 low surface brightness (LSB) disk galaxies with measured redshifts in combination with the Center for Astrophysics redshift survey to test the hypothesis that LSB galaxies have a deficit of nearby companion galaxies compared to high surface brightness (HSB) disk galaxies. We find a very strong statistical deficit of galaxies located within a projected radius of 0.5 Mpc and within a velocity of 500 km/s around LSB disk galaxies compared to HSB ones. Further, comparing LSB and HSB disk galaxies which are located in the same portion of the sky indicates that the average distance to the nearest neighbor is 1.7 times farther for LSB disk galaxies. A Komologorov-Smirnoff test rules out, at greater than the 99 percent confidence level, the hypothesis that the distribution of nearest-neighbor distances is the same for HSB and LSB disk galaxies. We speculate that LSB disk galaxies have relatively long formation time scales and therefore must form in relative isolation. In addition, the lack of tidal interactions over a Hubble time serves to suppress the overall star-formation rate as no external trigger is available to help clump the gas. The observed low surface densities of H I in combination with the low probability of tidal interactions effectively prevents these disk galaxies from evolving very rapidly.
Comparative Metabolomic Analysis of the Nutritional Aspects from Ten Cultivars of the Strawberry Fruit

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is among the most widely cultivated fruits with good taste and rich nutrients. Many strawberry species, including white strawberries, are planted all over the world. The metabolic profiles of strawberry and distinctions among different cultivars are not fully understood. In this study, non-targeted metabolomics based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS was used to analysis the metabolites in 10 strawberry species. A total of 142 compounds were identified and were divided into six categories. Tochiotome may differ most from the white strawberry (Baiyu) by screening 72 differential metabolites. Histidine, apigenin, cyanidin 3-glucoside and peonidin 3-glucoside had potential as biomarkers for distinguishing Baiyu and another 11 strawberry groups. Amino acid metabolisms, anthocyanin biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were mainly involved in the determination of the nutrition distinctions. This research contributes to the determination of the nutrition and health benefits of different strawberry species.
The pairwise velocity dispersion of galaxies: effects of non-radial motions

I discuss the effect of non-radial motions on the small-scale pairwise peculiar velocity dispersions of galaxies (PVD) in a CDM model. I calculate the PVD for the SCDM model by means of the refined cosmic virial theorem (CVT) (Suto & Jing 1997 (hereafter SJ97)) and taking account of non-radial motions by means of Del Popolo & Gambera (1998) (hereafter DG98) model. I compare the results of the present model with the data from Davis & Peebles (1983), the IRAS value at 1h 1 Mpc of Fisher et al. (1993) and Marzke et al. (1995). I show that while the SCDM model disagrees with the observed values, as pointed out by several authors (Peebles 1976, 1980; Davis & Peebles 1983 (hereafter DP83); Mo et. al 1993; Fisher et al. 1994b; SJ97; Jing et al. 1998 (hereafter J98)), taking account of non-radial motions produce smaller values for the PVD. At r � 1h 1 Mpc the result is in agreement with Bartlett & Blanchard (1996) (hereafter BB96). At the light of this last paper, the result may be also read as a strong dependence of the CVT prediction on the model chosen to describe the mass distribution around galaxies, suggesting that the CVT cannot be taken as a direct evidence of a low density universe. Similarly to what shown in Del Popolo & Gambera (1999, 2000) (hereafter DG99, DG00), Del Popolo et al. (1999) (hereafter D99), the agreement of our model to the observational data is due to a scale dependent bias induced by the presence of non-radial motions. Since the assumptions on which CVT is based have been questioned by several authors (BB96; SJ97), I also calculated the PVD using the redshift distortion in the redshift-space correlation function, �z(rp,�), and I compared it with the PVD measured from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey by J98. The result confirms that non-radial motions influence the PVD making them better agree with observed data.
Iterates of meromorphic functions III: Preperiodic domains

Abstract The paper discusses the connectivity of periodic and preperiodic domains in the stable set in the iteration of a meromorphic function. The connectivity of an invariant component has one of the values 1, 2, ∞. Examples are constructed to show that the connectivity of a preperiodic component may take any value.
Will they or won't they? Understanding New Zealand adults' attitudes towards using digital interventions

Background Digital interventions deliver healthcare via the internet or smartphone application to support people's well-being and health. Yet uptake is relatively poor. Furthermore, several studies exploring attitudes towards digital interventions have found inconsistent attitudes. In addition to this, regional and cultural nuances may further influence attitudes to digital interventions. Objective This study aimed to understand New Zealand adults' attitudes towards digital interventions and their influences. Results A mixed-method design consisting of a cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interviews found that New Zealand adults hold varied and complex attitudes towards digital interventions. Attitudes were found to be influenced by group membership and the scenarios in which digital interventions are made available. In addition, beliefs about the benefits and concerns surrounding digital interventions, knowledge, perceived views of others, and previous experience and confidence influenced these attitudes. Conclusions Findings indicated that digital interventions would be acceptable if offered as part of the healthcare service rather than a standalone intervention. Key modifiable factors that could positively influence attitudes were identified and could be leveraged to increase the perceived acceptability of digital interventions.