Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Utilization of alternative protein meals with or without multiple-enzyme supplementation in broilers fed low-energy diets.

SUMMARY An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different protein meals, with or without enzyme supplementation, on the performance of broilers. A diet based on a combination of protein meals (15% soybean meal, and 5% each of sunflower meal, canola meal, rapeseed meal, and cottonseed meal) was compared with 4 other diets containing 15% soybean meal and 20% of sunflower meal, canola meal, rapeseed meal, or cottonseed meal. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 2,630 kcal of ME/kg and 0.95% digestible lysine, with all other essential amino acids set to meet or exceed the ideal protein ratios. Each diet was fed with or without supplemental exogenous enzyme (Rovabio Excel at 500 g/metric ton of feed) to 6 replicate pens of 50 chicks from 1 to 35 d posthatch as coarse mash. In the cottonseed meal-based diet, supplemental enzyme resulted in high 35-d feed intake and FCR compared with the cottonseed meal-fed groups with no enzyme. There was a significant (P < 0.05) diet × enzyme interaction for 35-d feed intake and FCR. Birds fed the sunflower meal-based diet had significantly (P < 0.05) higher final BW gain and lower FCR as compared with those fed rapeseed meal- or cottonseed meal-based diets, whereas the BW gain of birds fed the rapeseed meal-based diet was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced compared with birds in all other groups. In conclusion, in low-ME broiler diets formulated on a digestible amino acid basis, up to 20% sunflower meal and canola meal can be safely incorporated into the diet. Supplementation of Rovabio failed to exert any positive effect on production parameters when used with diets containing high levels of each of the common protein meals.
Improved development of microspore‐derived embryo cultures of Brassica napus cv Topaz following changes in glutathione metabolism

Glutathione has been shown to play an important role during embryo development in both plant and animal systems. The effects of altered glutathione metabolism during microspore-derived embryos (MDEs) of Brassica napus were investigated following exogenous application of reduced glutathione (GSH), its oxidized form (GSSG) and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of glutathione de novo synthesis. Applications of BSO which lowered the cellular glutathione redox status, i.e. GSH/(GSH + GSSG), enhanced significantly the quality of the embryos and their ability to convert into viable plants. Histological analyses revealed that inclusions of BSO in the culture medium altered the pattern of storage product accumulation in the embryos and improved the architecture of the shoot apical meristems (SAMs). Compared with their control counterparts which showed severe signs of SAM deterioration, such as the formation of intercellular spaces and differentiation of the meristematic cells, BSO-treated embryos had well-organized SAMs. The improved SAM organization observed in the presence of BSO also correlated with the proper localization pattern of WUSCHEL, a SAM molecular marker gene which was miss-expressed in control embryos. The beneficial effects of BSO on embryo development and conversion were ascribed to the increasing levels of ABA. The concentration of this growth regulator in BSO-treated embryos was always higher than that of control embryos during the second half of the maturation period. Furthermore, many structural alterations induced by BSO could be reproduced in embryos cultured in the presence of ABA. Taken together, these results suggest that a lowering of the glutathione redox status during embryo development may represent a metabolic switch needed for increasing the endogenous levels of ABA, which is required for successful completion of the developmental program.
Identification of Direct Substrates of GSK-3 and Analysis of Substrate Functions in Dictyostelium discoideum

Recently studies have shown that glycogen synthase kinase- 3 (GSK-3) is essential for chemotaxis in Dictyostelium discoideum (Teo et al., 2010). To investigate the substrates of which GSK-3 may be acting through to have such dramatic effects, a phosphoproteomic assay was performed to detect proteins that change in phosphorylation levels when GSK-3 is absent from the cell. These data provided us with many potential direct GSK-3 substrate candidates. Some of those potential substrates include the proteins PdeD, DDB0231558, GnrA, DcT, Phg2, and Rapgap1. Through our investigations Phosphodiesterase D (PdeD) and Dynacortin (DcT) were found to be phosphorylated by GSK-3 in vitro. Additionally, these proteins were not phosphorylated in vitro when alanine substitution point mutations were present in the GSK-3 recognition and phosphorylation site. pdeD null cells have subtle chemotaxis defects and when PdeD is over-expressed, developmental defects are observed. dcT null cells also show chemotaxis defects in speed and developmental defects. GSK-3 is known to regulate Daydreamer, a protein that has been found to be necessary for chemotaxis. However, it has been unknown until now if GSK-3 phosphorylates other substrates involved in the known chemotaxis pathways. My investigations have been able to demonstrate that GSK-3 fits into the known chemotaxis signal transduction pathways through the phosphorylation of PdeD and DcT. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate that phosphoproteomics can be used to identify direct substrates and are highly sensitive in the detection of small changes in the phosphorylation levels of proteins
Power line communications (PLC) technology: More than 20 years of intense research

After more than two decades since intensive research began on power line communications (PLC) technology, this interesting field of telecommunication engineering is still progressing towards maturity. Despite some factors that delay its worldwide acceptance, its implementation is starting to take off. Research in PLC is motivated (i) by many factors such as the crowded radio frequency spectrum that requires to be sustained by alternative technologies and (ii) by the emanation of other new technologies that may help PLC to extend its practical implementation such as visible light communications or other wireless communication technologies like near‐field communications. PLC technology is used in applications requiring both low and high data rate but traditionally exploited in applications in which the node does not move. Nowadays, PLC has become widely accepted; hence, a review of the technology may be useful to keep the readers aware of new updates. In this paper, we provide an overview of the evolution of PLC technology over the last few decades.
Phytoestrogens and Their Health Effect

Phytoestrogens have structures that are very similar to endogen estradiol derived from plants. Phytoestrogens sources are widespread in Asian regions including in Indonesia. Its have health benefits including reproductive health, heart health, a role in weight loss, hormone-dependent tumours, bone and skin health, and the immune system. This review aimed to provide information on phytoestrogens’ effect on human health.
Immunocytochemical identification of the site of vitellogenin synthesis in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nipponense

The site of vitellogenin synthesis in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nipponense was examined immunocytochemically using antibodies raised against lipovitellin purified from mature M. nipponense ovaries. The molecular weight of purified lipovitellin was estimated to be 350 kDa by gel filtration. The antiserum cross-reacted with vitellogenin in the hemolymph of the mature female prawn, and could therefore be used to demonstrate the possible site of vitellogenin synthesis immunocytochemically em ploying the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) reaction. Hepatopancreas, sub-epidermal tissue, muscle, and ovary were fixed with periodate-lysine paraformaldehyde solution after which paraffin sections were made. In mature females, oocytes at the yolk globule stage, the hepatopancreas and the sub-epidermal tissue of the lateral somites showed positive PAP reactions. However, the sub-epidermal tissue of the ventral somites, follicular cells of the ovary and muscles did not. No positive reaction was observed in males and immature females. These results suggest that vitellogenin is synthesized in the hepatopancreas and at the sub-epidermal tissue in females at the exogenous vitellogenesis stage.
Do ecologically close species shift their daily activities when in sympatry? A test on chamois in the presence of mouflon

Temporal partitioning of daily activities between species may promote coexistence within animal communities by reducing behavioural interference, particularly when species highly overlap in the use of space and resources. Such a strategy may be used by Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra) when in the presence of mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon × Ovis sp.), an introduced highly gregarious species with a broader ecological niche, overlapping with that of chamois. Using simultaneous monitoring of 29 Global Positioning System-collared chamois and 12 mouflon, we assessed the temporal variation in activity patterns of chamois amongst two subpopulations: one without mouflon and one with mouflon, during January and August, which are the two most extreme periods of spatial overlap of mouflon with chamois distribution. Substantial differences in activity patterns between chamois and mouflon were observed (mean 13.8 ± 10.5% in January and 10.6 ± 11.6% in August). More subtle differences appeared between both subpopulations of chamois and persisted, regardless of the spatial overlap with mouflon (3.2 ± 1.8% in January and 2.6 ± 1.5% in August), thus highlighting that there is no behavioural interference from mouflon on chamois. Our findings suggest that the temporal partitioning of daily activities between chamois and mouflon, although probably a result of species-specific adaptations to environmental conditions, may contribute to their coexistence. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 111, 621–626.
AGE‐SPECIFIC SURVIVAL IN FIVE POPULATIONS OF UNGULATES: EVIDENCE OF SENESCENCE

Methodological problems in describing patterns of senescence in wild pop- ulations have until recently impeded progress in understanding the evolution of a process that decreases individual fitness. We investigated age- and sex-specific survival in five populations of three species of ungulates (roe deer, Capreolus capreolus; bighorn sheep, Ovis canadensis; and isard, Rupicapra pyrenaica), using recent statistical developments of capture-mark-recapture models and long-term (12 to 22 yr) data on marked individuals. The yearly survival of females aged 2-7 yr was remarkably similar and very high (92- 95%) in all five populations. Survival of adult males varied among species and populations. Survival decreased from 8 yr onward for both sexes in all populations, suggesting that senescence was a common phenomenon. Male survival was lower than female survival, and the gender difference increased with age. The extent of sex differences in survival was related neither to sexual dimorphism in mass nor to the level of polygyny, suggesting that species differences in social behavior, particularly mating system and the level of male- male aggression, may be more important than simply the level of polygyny in explaining sexual differences in survival. Our results underline the advantages of long-term monitoring of marked individuals for the study of evolutionary ecology.
TlPOLOGI BANGUNAN RUMAH TINGGAL ADAT SUNDA DI KAMPUNG NAGA JAWA BARAT (Building Typology of Sundanese Traditional Houses at Kampung Naga, West Java)

A traditional house has specific characteristics that differ from one place to another. The house is treated as one of cultural heritages that should be protected and conserved. That's why it is vety important to study traditional houses and one of such houses is Sundanese traditional houses at Kampung Naga, West Java. Kampung Naga's houses are characterized by poled or staged houses that are built in a group so that it makes a traditional kampong or village that is in habited by a group of people that strongly keep customs inherited by their ancestors. The specific characteristics of these traditional houses are of their building typology and interior design pattern. This writing will expose the building typology of Sundanese traditional houses at Kampung Naga's settlement. Typology here means the characteristics of the shape of Sundanese traditional house in a whole. The data gathering method covers field survey, libraty study, and internet browsing.
Diversity of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Relation to Habitat Type in West-Central Illinois

Abstract The diversity of ground beetles in relation to habitat type was investigated in west-central Illinois from May to Oct. 2005 and 2006 using pitfall traps in six habitats: (1) prairie burned in 2004, (2) prairie burned in 2005, (3) early successional forest, (4) oak-hickory forest burned in 2004, (5) oak-hickory forest burned in 2005 and (6) oak-hickory forest burned in 2006. A total of 2712 ground beetles representing 28 genera and 54 species were collected. A multi-response permutation procedure showed significant differences in ground beetle assemblages among habitat types. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarity supported the findings of MRPP. Indicator species analysis found significant habitat associations for seven species of carabids in 2005 and eight species in 2006. Forest habitats generally had lower species richness than expected based on rarefaction. The effects of fire on prairie carabid assemblages and detrimental effects on individual species appeared to be short-lived. There was little difference in carabid faunas inhabiting oak-hickory stands with different burn histories, but early successional hardwood forest fragments harbored several carabid indicator species.
Tumour necrosis factor-α gene haplotype is associated with pre-eclampsia

common in the pre-eclampsia group than among the controls (P 5 0.046), giving an odds ratio of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.32–0.99), but there were no differences in the genotype distribution. The data from the G-308A polymorphism was combined with the previously published genotype and allele data from the C-850T polymorphism of the TNF-a gene, and used to assess a haplotype estimation analysis. Estimated overall pair of loci haplotype frequencies differed significantly between the groups (P 5 0.023 6 0.004). In the single haplotype association analysis, the haplotype C-A versus others was over-represented in the pre-eclampsia group (P 5 0.041 6 0.003), whereas the haplotype T-G versus others was less common in the pre-eclampsia group (P 5 0.035 6 0.003), compared with the controls. In conclusion, the polymorphisms of the TNF-a gene showed a significant haplotype association with susceptibility to pre-eclampsia in the Finnish population.
Detrital bedrock elements as tracers of settling resuspended particulate matter in a coastal area of the Baltic Sea

Particulate matter settling out of the trophogenic layer was collected in sediment traps at five stations during 5 yr in a coastal area of the Baltic Sea. Al, Fe, and Ti in the intercepted matter were inferred to bc due mainly to the presence of fine-grained bedrock detritus and were used as markers to calculate the proportion of primary settling matter and resuspended sediment in the collected matter. Considerable variations within and between years, seasons, and nearby stations were found for gross sedimentation rate and for the ratio between primary settling matter and resuspended sediment. This pattern also applied to organic C. A predominance of primary settling matter was recorded mainly in spring. Resuspended matter was a large component in the annual budget for all years and stations. In fact, the resuspended portion commonly exceeded 50%, and periods without resuspension seem to occur rarely or never in the investigated area. The settling rate of particulate matter is a key variable in studies on pelagic biological production and benthic food supply, in efforts to model flows of energy and matter in ecosystems, in geochemical and biogeochemical mass balance calculations, and in studies on dispersion and dynamics of particle-borne elements and contaminants. Commonly, estimates of settling flux are obtained by means of sediment traps (Reynolds et al. 1980; Blomqvist and Hakanson 198 1; Walsh 1988; Jahnke 1990). The settling flux of fine particles in coastal limnetic and marine environments, as well as in nepheloid zones of aphotic ocean waters, often comprises a mixture of primary settling matter (i.e. material derived from the productivity of the trophogenic layer which has not
Detection of outbreak caused by multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Assiut University Hospitals

There is mounting evidence that Acinetobacter baumannii has a naturally occurring carbapenemase gene intrinsic in this species. Presence of class 1 integrase gene in Acinetobacter isolates is a useful marker for causing outbreaks in hospitals and for being epidemic strains of A. baumannii. The goal of the present study was to detect the resistance and outbreak marker genes by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (blaOXA-51-like gene and class 1 integrase gene). Also to detect the correlation between imipenem susceptibility and detection of blaOXA-51-like gene. For these purposes, 51 consecutive, non-duplicate, A. baumanii strains were isolated from various clinical and environmental specimens from the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of Assiut University Hospitals, Egypt. All the isolates were identified by conventional standard methods. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. For imipenem, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using Epsilometer (E test). Multiplex PCR was performed for the detection of the blaOXA-51like and Class I integrase genes. The blaOXA-51-like gene was detected in (95.8%) and (96.3%) in clinical and environmental isolates, respectively. Class I integrase gene was detected in (75%) and (70.3%) in clinical and environmental isolates, respectively with statistically significant difference (P value of clinical samples = 0.041 and P value of environmental samples =0.011). This means that these strains have metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) gene (cause outbreak in hospital at any time). Also (67.35%) of A. baumanii isolates are imipenem sensitive and positive for blaOXA-51-like gene and this means that these isolates contain hidden metallo beta lactamase MBL gene.
QUANTITATIVE COMPARISON OF HANDGRIP STRENGTH BETWEEN CARDIAC PATIENTS AND AGE MATCHED HEALTHY CONTROLS USING A HANDHELD DYNAMOMETER

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To determine the quantitative comparison of handgrip strength between cardiac patients and age matched healthy controls using a handheld dynamometer.METHODS: This quantitative comparison cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Lahore teaching hospital, Lahore from 17th, October 2017 to 5th February 2018. Twenty cardiac and twenty age matched healthy participants were selected using consecutive (non-probability) sampling technique. After approval from ethical committee, data was collected using questionnaire. Measurements were taken of grip strength of both hands by using Jammer Dynamometer. This method was repeated three times in order to obtain mean value of both hands.RESULTS: In this study 40 subjects were studied with mean age of the participants as 62.08±7.63years. Among them 23(57.5%) were male and 17(42.5%) were female. Mean age of males were 65±7.37years whereas mean age of females were 64.11±7.75years. Out of twenty cardiac patients, 12(60%) male and 5 (25%) female were suffering from myocardial infarction, 3(15%) female had Angina. Twenty participants of age-matched healthy individual group included 11 (55%) males and 9 (45%) females. In quantitative comparison of the dominant handgrip strength of cardiac patients (54.28 ± 27.75) and age matched healthy control (74.78±30.33) there was noteworthy difference in mean values of both groups with significant p-value of 0.032 whereas in the strength of non-dominant hand grip in cardiac patients (54.11±26.46) and age matched healthy control (71.03±29.25), no significant difference was recorded.CONCLUSION: Grip strength of dominant hand is less in cardiac patients as compared to healthy normal individual with significant relationship whereas there is no significant difference among non-dominant hand strength in both groups.KEY WORDS: Grip strength (Non-MeSH); Dominant & Non-dominant (Non-MeSH); Cardiac patient (Non-MeSH); Myocardial Infarction (MeSH); Muscle Strength Dynamometer (MeSH); Muscle Strength (MeSH).
Structural diversity of secretory products in the glandular parts of the oviduct of two plethodontid salamanders (Amphibia, Urodela)

Ab s t r a c t. Semithin and in particular ultrathin sections of the glandular subdivisions in the oviduct of the terrestrial egg laying, direct developing plethodontid salamanders Bolitoglossa pesruba and Oedipina uniformis revealed remarkable structural differences of secretory products between the two species and in B. pesrubra between the different subdivisions of the duct. In the latter species structure of the secretory granules confirmed the previously described histological differentiation of the glandular portion of the oviduct in four subdivisions. In the first subdivision most secretory granules were moderately electron-dense having a distinct osmiophilic core, in the second these cores are absent, in the third granules revealed a complex inner structure and in the fourth they are more or less homogeneous and electron dense. In O. uniformis, however, secretory granules were differently stained in semithin sections with toluidine blue, but showed a homogeneous moderately electron-dense appearance along the entire oviduct. As oviductal secretions form the generally multi-layered glycoproteinaceous egg jelly enveloping the ovum when passing down the oviduct, our results suggest that in terrestrial breeders considerable differences exist in these secretions even at the structural level and, therefore, very likely in number and nature of egg jelly layers.
Phylogeography of Primula allionii (Primulaceae), a narrow endemic of the Maritime Alps

Primula allionii is endemic to a tiny area of the Maritime Alps and has one of the narrowest distribution ranges in this hotspot of biodiversity. Phylogeographical patterns in P. allionii were studied using plastid DNA markers and dominantly inherited markers (AFLP and ISSR) to verify any admixture between P. allionii and the sympatric P. marginata and to detect the phylogeographical history of the species. Morphometric measurements of flowers and admixture analysis support the hypothesis that hybridization occurs in nature. Species distribution models using two climate models (CCSM and MIROC) suggested a reduction in habitat suitability during cold periods. Phylogeographical analysis suggested an old allopatric divergence during the mid-Pleistocene transition (about 0.8 Mya) without recolonization/contraction cycles. The Alps watershed does not act as a strong barrier between the two main areas of the distribution range, and moderate gene flow by pollen seems to create the admixture recorded among the stands. According to our results, the persistence of P. allionii throughout the Ice Age appears to be linked to the capacity of the Maritime Alps to provide a wide diversity of microhabitats consistent with the recent biogeographical pattern proposed for the Mediterranean Basin. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 173, 637–653.