Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learners’ perspectives on imagined community of practice in English as an international language

ABSTRACT Imagined communities of practice create spaces for language learners to participate in local and global interactions as individuals and as members of global communities. However, scant research has examined imagined communities of practice in the context of English as an international language (EIL). The present study adopted a mixed-methods design to explore English language learners’ perspectives on using English in the context of EIL. A total of 592 participants completed an Imagined Community of Practice Questionnaire, and 64 participated in semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis, which identified four underlying factors, including constructing language learning identity, learner agency, coordination and synergy, and EIL and global communication. Furthermore, themes emerging from the interview data indicated that imagined communities of practice could afford opportunities for English language users to negotiate their identity, communicate globally, preserve values uniting English language users, exercise learner agency, and practice coordination and synergy in their imagined communities. These findings suggest that English language teachers should place a high value on imagined communities of practice.
Multianalytical investigation of wasters from the Tower 8/Porta di Nola refuse middens in Pompeii: Sr–Nd isotopic, chemical, petrographic, and mineralogical analyses

A total of nine representative pottery fragments belonging to ferruginous, carbonate, and thin‐walled wares were recovered in refuse middens outside the fortification wall of Pompeii and subjected to a program of multianalytical operations (thermal ionization mass spectrometry, X‐ray fluorescence, X‐ray powder diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive spectrometry techniques, optical microscopy). The fragments bear manufacturing defects, indicating their local production in workshops located somewhere at Pompeii. These three groups display a similar volcanic coarse component that exhibits distinct chemical compositions. The volcanic component consists of alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, minor garnet, and rock fragments (with primarily plagioclase and leucite), pointing to an origin from the Somma‐Vesuvius. The fingerprint of the Sr–Nd isotopes of carbonate ware suggests an affinity with high‐CaO clays from Rufoli, a subdivision of Salerno. Sr–Nd isotopes also suggest that clays from the Sorrentine Peninsula were used: A clay mixture of different argillified pyroclastic materials was employed for the low‐CaO ferruginous ware, whereas the low‐CaO thin‐walled ware was manufactured with a marine varicolored clay. The distribution of materials likely occurred by sea via the port at Salernum and Surrentum. The combination of different types of complementary data obtained through this program of analysis illustrates the importance of combining both quantitative petrographic and chemical characterization in the evaluation of archaeological pottery.
Determinants of Career Success: A Case Study of Male Teachers in Secondary Schools

Malaysian secondary schools are facing a shortage of male teachers. Almost 70% of the teaching profession is dominated by female teachers. There is an obvious gap in the reason why teaching is not preferred by the male gender. This study intends to find the determinants of career success among male teachers with the hope of revealing the career success factors that are associated with male teachers. A survey was done among 140 male teachers in a secondary school in the state of Malacca, Malaysia. Results showed that 3 out of 5 of the determinants factors are significantly explaining career success among the teachers (Emotional Intelligence, Person-Job-Fit & Work-Life Balance) while two others are unable to explain the career success of the teachers (Career Adaptability & Career Commitment). The findings enable policymakers to prioritize and draft better career development plans for the teachers that focus on issues about the recruitment of more emotional intelligence teachers, optimize person-job-fit and designing jobs that emphasize work-life balance.
Advances in altimetric snow depth estimates using bi-frequency SARAL/CryoSat-2 Ka/Ku measurements

Abstract. Although snow depth on sea ice is a key parameter for Sea Ice Thickness (SIT), there currently does not exist reliable estimations. In Arctic, nearly all SIT products use a snow depth climatology (the Warren-99 modified climatology, W99m) constructed from in-situ data obtained prior to the first significant impacts of climate change. In Antarctica, the lack of information on snow depth remains a major obstacle in the development of reliable SIT products. In this study, we present the latest version of the Altimetric Snow Depth (ASD) product computed over both hemispheres from the difference of the radar penetration into the snow pack between the CryoSat-2 Ku-band and the SARAL Ka-band frequency radars. The ASD solution is compared against a wide range of snow depth products including model data (Pan-Arctic Ice-Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) or its equivalent in Antarctica the Global Ice-Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (GIOMAS), the MERCATOR model and NASA's Eulerian Snow On Sea Ice Model (NESOSIM, only in Arctic)), the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR-2) passive radiometer data, and the Dual-altimeter Snow Thickness (DuST) Ka-Ku product (only in Arctic). It is validated in the Arctic against in-situ and airborne validation data. These comparisons demonstrate that ASD provide a consistent snow depth solution, with space and time patterns comparable with those of the alternative Ka-Ku DuST product, but with a mean bias of about 6.5 cm. We also demonstrate that ASD is consistent with the validation data. Comparisons with Operation Ice Bridge's (OIB) airborne snow radar in Arctic during the period of 2014–2018 show a correlation of 0.66 and a RMSE of about 6 cm. Furthermore, a first-guess monthly climatology has been constructed in Arctic from the ASD product, which shows a good agreement with OIB during 2009–2012. This climatology is shown to provide a better solution than the W99m climatology when compared with validation data. Finally, we have characterised the SIT uncertainty due to the snow depth from an ensemble of SIT solutions computed for the Arctic by using the different snow depth products previously used in the comparison with the ASD product. During the period of 2013–2019, we found a spatially averaged SIT mean standard deviation of 20 cm. Deviations between SIT estimations due to different snow depths can reach up to 77 cm. Using the ASD data instead of W99m to estimate SIT over this time period leads to a reduction of the average SIT of about 30 cm.
An Off-Board Vision System for Relative Attitude Measurement of Aircraft

Aircraft attitude has always been an important technical parameter during flights, especially for stages such as aircraft take-off and landing. This article presents a monocular off-board vision system for relative attitude measurement of fixed-wing aircraft. In this system, a zoom imaging subsystem is set up to track and shoot the aircraft over a large distance range. Image sequences and corresponding servo data are transmitted to the processing computer for vision algorithms. A model-based attitude tracking algorithm, which requires the computer-aided design model of the aircraft, is performed to measure the relative attitude of the aircraft with respect to the reference platform. A 2-D visual tracking algorithm and a target detection algorithm are also employed to control the vision system. The proposed attitude tracking algorithm achieves competitive results on a publicly available dataset. The full system is validated in a real-flight experiment. The results revealed that the proposed system can run in real time on 1920×1080@40 Hz videos with an accuracy better than 0.5$^\circ$.
THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF N-ACETYL CYSTEINE (NAC) ON BROILERS EXPOSED TO CHRONIC HEAT STRESS

In hot areas, heat stress (HS) is one of the most prominent stressors in the broiler industry. To provide comprehensive information about the effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on hamartiology, biochemistry, and thyroid hormones in broilers under thermoneutral (TN) (22 4 ° C) and heat stress (HS) (34 2 ° C), The current study was carried out. A total of 80 one-day-old Cobb broiler chicks were used, with 20 birds in each group receiving either a control (basal diet) or a NAC (100 mg/Kg diet). Chronic HS at 42 days resulted in a considerable decrease in HGB, PCV, RBCs, total protein, Albumin, serum T3 and T4, while greatly increasing H/L, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, uric acid, AST, ALT, ALP, TBIL, DBIL, and creatinine. When compared to HSC broilers at 42 d old, NAC supplementation greatly increased PCV content with a substantial decrease in total leukocytic count, heterophils, and H/L ratio with an increase in lymphocytes and monocytes. When compared to HSC population, chickens given NAC had a significant decrease in serum AST, ALP, ALT and triglyceride levels, as well as a significant increase in serum T3 concentration.
Efficiency and recovery index of silicon of a diatomaceous Earth-based fertilizer in two soil types grown with sugarcane and maize

Abstract Silicon (Si) plays an important role in crop yields and is known as a beneficial element for gramineous plants. Si sources used as fertilizers in Brazil are mainly industrial by-products and naturally occurring silica-rich minerals, such as calcium silicates. There is still relatively little information about Si fertilization in the country, especially in the potential of diatomaceous Earth (DE) as a Si fertilizer compared to other widely used sources. In this context, we aimed at assessing the efficiency of a DE-based fertilizer as Si supplier to plants of sugarcane and maize grown on two soil types. We used a calcium silicate source widely used in Brazil for comparison as a positive control. Results showed that the DE fertilizer application provided linear increase in the biomass of sugarcane and maize in the tested soils. The improvement in crop biomass correlated well with the Si accumulation in the shoots of the plants. Besides, DE fertilizer improved crop performance by increased N, P, K, and S concentrations in plants. When compared to the calcium silicate source, the DE fertilizer provided the same Si supplying potential for the tested plants and higher relative biomass yield.
Effect of pressure and temperature on the wavelength shift of the fluorescence line of SrB 4O 7:Sm 2+ scale

The pressure shift of 7D 0−5F 0 fluorescence line of SrB 4O 7:Sm 2+ has been recalibrated at high temperature and high pressure, respectively. Combined with the high pressure and high-temperature experimental data given by previous study, a quantitative analysis of the temperature effect on pressure shift of the 7D 0−5F 0 fluorescence line has been performed. The results show that there is an overall negligible coupling effect of temperature and pressure on the wavelength shift of the 7D 0−5F 0 fluorescence line below 770 K and 35 GPa. But above 770 K, the temperature effect on pressure shift could not be ignored at least in a relatively high pressure range. A proposed calibration relation is recommended to predict more accurate pressures in high pressure and high-temperature experiments with SrB 4O 7:Sm 2+ as the pressure scale.
Bond Behavior Between Recycled Concrete Containing CDW and Different Types of Steel Bars

The operation of reinforced concrete structures is directly associated with the adhesion between the steel bar and the concrete, which allows the internal forces to be transferred to the reinforcement during the process of loading the structural elements. The modification of the concrete composition, with the introduction of recycled aggregate from construction and demolition waste (CDW), affects the steel-concrete interface and can modify the bonding stress, which is also influenced by the type and diameter of the bar used. In this work, the influence of the recycled fine aggregate (RFA) and types of steel bar on the steel-concrete bond was experimentally evaluated using the pullout test. Conventional concrete and recycled concrete, with RFA replacement level of 25%, were produced. Two types of steel rebars (i.e.,plain and deformed) with diameters of 10.0 and 16.0mm were considered in this paper. The results indicate a reduction in the adhesion stress with the introduction of recycled aggregate, but this trend is influenced by the diameter of the bar used. The use of ribbed bars modifies the stress bon-slip behavior, with an increase in the average bond strength, which is also observed with the reduction of the diameter of the bar.
THE INFLUENCE OF STAND DENSITY AND SPECIES DIVERSITY INTO TIMBER PRODUCTION AND CARBON STOCK IN COMMUNITY FOREST

THE INFLUENCE OF STAND DENSITY AND SPECIES DIVERSITY INTO TIMBER PRODUCTION AND CARBON STOCK IN COMMUNITY FOREST. Stand density and species diversity are two indicators that are highly related to forest productivity. However, the effect of those variables on the productivity of community forest is rarely documented. This study evaluates the influence of stand density and species diversity on timber production and carbon stock in the community forest. The study area was located in Madiun District. A field survey was conducted in four different community forest sites, i.e. Morang, Kuwiran, Randualas, and Kare. The sampling technique was by quadrat method using a sample plot size of 25 m x 25 m. The number of sample plots used in this study was 64 units, which were evenly distributed in every site. Comparison of stand attributes among sites was examined by Kruskal-Wallis test and followed by Kruskal-Nemenyi test on the effects of stand density and species diversity on timber production and carbon stock were assessed separately for each parameter using the generalized least square regression test. The process of statistical analysis was applied using a significance level of 5%. Results show a significant difference in stand volume, aboveground biomass, and carbon stock among sites (P<0.05). This study also recorded a meaningful effect of stand density and species diversity on timber production and carbon stock of community forest, wherein stand density provided a higher effect (R2 = 0.68; P<0.05) than species diversity (R2 = 0.26; P<0.05).
Enxofre elementar ou sulfato de cálcio para remediação de solos salino-sódicos?

The recovery of soils with high salinity and alkalinity requires the use of products that decrease the pH and exchangeable sodium content, in order to improve their fertility. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of calcium sulfate and elementary sulfur on the chemical properties of a soil with high contents of soluble salts and exchangeable sodium. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse using samples of a sandy loam saline-sodic soil. In the first experiment, four soil correction treatments (without correction, without correction and washing, corrected with calcium sulfate, and corrected with elementary sulfur) were tested. In the second experiment, five elementary sulfur doses (0 kg ha -1 , 400 kg ha -1 , 800 kg ha -1 , 1,200 kg ha -1 and 1,600 kg ha -1 ) were tested. The elementary sulfur and calcium sulfate positively affected the chemical properties of the soil, improving its fertility. The elementary sulfur, besides improving the soil chemical properties, is more efficient than calcium sulphate in decreasing alkalinity, however, the use of this product requires the application of additional calcium to the soil. Due to its low clay content, the simple washing process decreases soil salinity and sodicity.
Individual differences in theta-band oscillations in a spatial memory network revealed by electroencephalography predict rapid place learning

Spatial memory has been closely related to the medial temporal lobe and theta oscillations are thought to play a key role. However, it remains difficult to investigate medial temporal lobe activation related to spatial memory with non-invasive electrophysiological methods in humans. Here, we combined the virtual delayed-matching-to-place task, reverse-translated from the watermaze delayed-matching-to-place task in rats, with high-density electroencephalography recordings. Healthy young volunteers performed this computerised task in a virtual circular arena, which contained a hidden target whose location moved to a new place every four trials, allowing the assessment of rapid memory formation. Using behavioural measures as predictor variables for source reconstructed frequency-specific electroencephalography power, we found that inter-individual differences in ‘search preference’ during ‘probe trials’, a measure of one-trial place learning known from rodent studies to be particularly hippocampus-dependent, correlated predominantly with distinct theta-band oscillations (approximately 7 Hz), particularly in the right temporal lobe, the right striatum and inferior occipital cortex or cerebellum. This pattern was found during both encoding and retrieval/expression, but not in control analyses and could not be explained by motor confounds. Alpha-activity in sensorimotor and parietal cortex contralateral to the hand used for navigation also correlated (inversely) with search preference. This latter finding likely reflects movement-related factors associated with task performance, as well as a frequency difference in (ongoing) alpha-rhythm for high-performers versus low-performers that may contribute to these results indirectly. Relating inter-individual differences in ongoing brain activity to behaviour in a continuous rapid place-learning task that is suitable for a variety of populations, we could demonstrate that memory-related theta-band activity in temporal lobe can be measured with electroencephalography recordings. This approach holds great potential for further studies investigating the interactions within this network during encoding and retrieval, as well as neuromodulatory impacts and age-related changes.
Congenital Heart Disease: Growth Evaluation and Sport Activity in a Paediatric Population

(1) Objective: To evaluate: (i) the associations of age and disease severity with anthropometric indices and weight status, (ii) the difference in the frequency of sports activity among different levels of disease severity in paediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). (2) Methods: Clinical data of Caucasian children (aged 2–18 years) diagnosed with CHD (2005–2018) were retrospectively collected from the electronic register of outpatient visits. Of the 475 children with CHD, 368 children and their 1690 complete anthropometric measurements were eligible for inclusion in our analysis. (3) Results: Significant increase with age was observed for weight z-score [beta (95%CI): 0.03 (0.02, 0.05) for one-unit of age] and BMI z-score [0.06 (0.03, 0.08)] but not for height z-score. The probability of being underweight and overweight/obese increased and decreased with disease severity, respectively. The obesity probability of patients with mild CHD (0.06 [95%CI: 0.03, 0.08]) was not statistically distinguishable from that of patients with moderate CHD (0.03 [95%CI: 0.02, 0.05]), whereas it was lower in patients with severe CHD (0.004 [95%CI: 0.0, 0.009]). No obese patients with a univentricular heart defect were observed. Days spent in sport activities were equal to 1.9 [95%CI: 1.6, 2.2] days/week, 1.9 [1.5, 2.2], 1.4 [1.1, 1.7] and 0.7 [0.1, 1.3] in patients with mild, moderate, severe and univentricular CHD, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The risk of being overweight and obese should not be underestimated in paediatric patients diagnosed with CHD, especially in children with mild or moderate heart defects. It could be prevented or reduced by promoting a healthy lifestyle.
Migration and the plurality of ethnic boundary work: A qualitative interview study of naming practices of migrants from former Yugoslavia in Germany

Most research on migration and ethnic boundaries is concerned with boundaries between a specific migrant minority and the ‘majority society’ in the destination country. However, migrant groups are not homogenous; within-group boundaries that are relevant in their context of origin may also play a role in the host context. Focusing on migrants from former Yugoslavia, we analyse the relevance of ethnic boundaries between Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats in Germany. We do so by interpreting migrant parents’ practices of first-name giving as instances of ethnic boundary work. In the case of migrants from former Yugoslavia, first names are a salient marker of ethnic affiliation. Based on 22 semi-structured interviews, we distinguish between three types of ethnic boundary work based on first-name giving. ‘Particularists’ wish to express their ethnic affiliation via first names, and they maintain ethnic boundaries both towards the German majority society as well as other ethnic groups from former Yugoslavia. In contrast, ‘cosmopolitans’ reject names with specific ethnic references and base their choice on personal taste, often opting for international names, thereby rejecting ethnic boundaries towards other former Yugoslav groups. Finally, ‘negotiators’ stand in between. They blur boundaries towards the German majority society, but maintain boundaries towards other ex-Yugoslav ethnic groups. Overall, we find that ex-Yugoslav migrants’ strategies of ethnic boundary work are shaped by a multiplicity of reference groups, not just the relationship with the German majority society.
Total Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of an Oxazole Analogue of Tubulysin U

Tubulysins are strongly cytotoxic natural tetrapeptides with potent antiproliferative, antimitotic, and antiangiogenic activities which might find use in oncology. We herein report the first total synthesis of a stereoisomerically pure oxazole analogue of tubulysin U, which was found to be more cytotoxic than the thiazole-containing natural product. Additionally, we have developed an improved and scalable synthetic route towards the Tup fragment of the tubulysins.
Let’s coordinate! The reinforcement of a ‘liberal bastion’ within European Industrial Federations, 1978-1987

Abstract This article focuses on the establishment in the 1970s of a new international private governance forum, the so-called ‘Interlaken Conferences’, which gathered together the leading figures of the Industrial Federations of the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. It therefore contributes to the literature dealing with business interest associations’ (BIAs) international alliances, and to the growing corpus analysing BIAs’ political strategies in tackling the 1970s social unrest and economic crisis. Thanks to archival sources from the Swiss Federation of Commerce and Industry, this article examines the calculated efforts by Interlaken participants to secure a ‘liberal bastion’ of European industrial federations that could impose its views within other official international BIAs. By improving coordination, the participants sought to defend common liberal economic principles and to fight against adverse economic policies such as protectionism and state intervention in the economy.