Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Frontiers on Adjuvants Drug Strategies and Treatments in Periodontitis

Causes of the progression of periodontitis such as an imbalance between the immune response by the host by the release of inflammatory mediators in the response of the oral pathogenic dysbiotic biofilm have been identified. New insights on specific cell signaling pathways that appear during periodontitis have attracted the attention of researchers in the study of new personalised approaches for the treatment of periodontitis. The gold standard of non-surgical therapy of periodontitis involves the removal of supra and subgingival biofilm through professional scaling and root planing (SRP) and oral hygiene instructions. In order to improve periodontal clinical outcomes and overcome the limitations of traditional SRP, additional adjuvants have been developed in recent decades, including local or systemic antibiotics, antiseptics, probiotics, anti-inflammatory and anti-resorptive drugs and host modulation therapies. This review is aimed to update the current and recent evolution of therapies of management of periodontitis based on the adjunctive and target therapies. Moreover, we discuss the advances in host modulation of periodontitis and the impact of targeting epigenetic mechanisms approaches for a personalised therapeutic success in the management of periodontitis. In conclusion, the future goal in periodontology will be to combine and personalise the periodontal treatments to the colonising microbial profile and to the specific response of the individual patient.
Khellinoflavanone, a Semisynthetic Derivative of Khellin, Overcomes Benzo[a]pyrene Toxicity in Human Normal and Cancer Cells That Express CYP1A1

Cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) enzymes catalyze the metabolic activation of environmental procarcinogens such as benzo[a]pyrene, B[a]P, into carcinogens, which initiates the process of carcinogenesis. Thus, stopping the metabolic activation of procarcinogens can possibly prevent the onset of cancer. Several natural products have been reported to show unique ability in inhibiting CYP1 enzymes. We found that khellin, a naturally occurring furanochromone from Ammi visnaga, inhibits CYP1A1 enzyme with an IC50 value of 4.02 μM in CYP1A1-overexpressing human HEK293 suspension cells. To further explore this natural product for discovery of more potent and selective CYP1A1 inhibitors, two sets of semisynthetic derivatives were prepared. Treatment of khellin with alkali results in opening of a pyrone ring, yielding khellinone (2). Claisen–Schmidt condensation of khellinone (2) with various aldehydes in presence of potassium hydroxide, at room temperature, provides a series of furanochalcones 3a–v (khellinochalcones). Treatment of khellinone (2) with aryl aldehydes in the presence of piperidine, under reflux, affords the flavanone series of compounds 4a–p (khellinoflavanones). The khellinoflavanone 4l potently inhibited CYP1A1 with an IC50 value of 140 nM in live cells, with 170-fold selectivity over CYP1B1 (IC50 for CYP1B1 = 23.8 μM). Compound 4l at 3× IC50 concentration for inhibition of CYP1A1 completely protected HEK293 cells from CYP1A1-mediated B[a]P toxicity. Lung cancer cells, A549 (p53+) and Calu-1 (p53-null), blocked in growth at the S-phase by B[a]P were restored into the cell cycle by compound 4l. The results presented herein strongly indicate the potential of these khellin derivatives for further development as cancer chemopreventive agents.
David and Goliath: When and Why Micro-Influencers Are More Persuasive Than Mega-Influencers

Abstract Social media influencer (SMI) advertising is on the rise; however, extant theory regarding the determinants of SMI advertising effectiveness is undeveloped. The present research establishes when and how the type of SMI based on the number of followers influences SMI advertising effectiveness. Specifically, the findings of four experimental studies show that micro-influencers (those who have 10,000 to 100,000 followers) are more persuasive than mega-influencers (those who have more than 1 million followers) because endorsements by micro-influencers (versus mega-influencers) bestow higher perceptions of authenticity on the endorsed brand, which “rubs off” from the perceptions regarding influencer authenticity. However, this differential effect of SMI type through influencer and brand authenticity occurs only when the endorsed product is perceived as hedonic (as opposed to utilitarian) consumption. From a theoretical perspective, these findings extend prior research on how endorsements from different SMI types vary in terms of their persuasiveness, shed light on the underlying mechanism, and identify consumption type as an important boundary condition. From a practical perspective, we offer managerial implications for enhancing the effectiveness of SMI advertising strategies by taking into consideration SMI types, consumption contexts, and message framing styles.
Synthesis of Highly Efficient Bifunctional Ag/Co3O4 Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Reactions in Alkaline Medium

Ag/Co3O4 catalysts using three different modes of solution combustion synthesis were developed and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy to identify crystallite size, oxidation state, composition, and morphology. Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry measurements for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) confirm the bifunctionality of the electrocatalysts. The electrochemical evaluation indicates that a synergic effect between Ag and Co enhances the activity through the fast breaking of O–O bond in the molecular oxygen to enhance the reduction mechanism. The high content of cobalt (Co) in the catalyst Ag/Co3O4-12, synthesized by second wave combustion, improves the activity for ORR, and the reaction mechanism follows a 3.9 number of electron transfer in overall reaction. The kinetic and limiting current densities of Ag/Co3O4-12 are maximum when compared to those of other Ag/Co3O4 catalysts and are very close to commercial Pt/C. Moreover, the maximum current density of OER for Ag/Co3O4-12 makes it a promising candidate for various bifunctional electrocatalytic applications such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries.
Pituitary–Adrenal Responses and Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19

The hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis was described as the principal component of the stress response 85 years ago, along with the acute-phase reaction, and the defense response at the tissue level. The orchestration of these processes is essential since systemic inflammation is a double-edged sword; whereas inflammation that is timely and of appropriate magnitude is beneficial, exuberant systemic inflammation incites tissue damage with potentially devastating consequences. Apart from its beneficial cardiovascular and metabolic effects, cortisol exerts a significant immunoregulatory role, a major attribute being that it restrains the excessive inflammatory reaction, thereby preventing unwanted tissue damage. In this review, we will discuss the role of the HPA axis in the normal stress response and in critical illness, especially in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Finally, a chapter will be dedicated to the findings from clinical studies in critical illness and COVID-19 on the expression of the mediator of glucocorticoid actions, the glucocorticoid receptor (GCR).
Blood Transfusion Knowledge among Nurses in Malaysia: A University Hospital Experience

Blood transfusion is a fundamental and life-saving procedure where the consequence of errors can be fatal. Nurses’ knowledge plays an essential role in ensuring quality and safety in blood transfusion. The objective of this study was to assess blood transfusion-associated knowledge of tertiary hospital nurses on the east coast of Malaysia. This was a cross-sectional study with 200 registered nurses involved in blood transfusion procedures at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The knowledge of the nurses was evaluated by using the routine blood transfusion knowledge questionnaire based on five parts, and <50%, 50–74%, or ≥75% of the knowledge was considered as poor, moderate, or high, respectively. Based on the scoring system, the overall knowledge of blood transfusion among Malaysian nurses (33.2 ± 8.4 years) was estimated to be 54.9 ± 7.6%. In individual items, the scoring was 81.0%, 45.4%, 49.2%, 63.0%, and 90.0% in knowledge prior to blood transfusion, on pre-transfusion, on post-transfusion, on complications, and on transfusion policy, respectively. The findings of this study indicated that most of the nurses’ overall knowledge of blood transfusion was at a moderate level; therefore, training courses and continuous medical education are warranted to improve knowledge and skills of the nurses to ensure good practices of blood transfusion.
In Vitro Evaluation of DSPE-PEG (5000) Amine SWCNT Toxicity and Efficacy as a Novel Nanovector Candidate in Photothermal Therapy by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Nowadays, finding a novel, effective, biocompatible, and minimally invasive cancer treatment is of great importance. One of the most promising research fields is the development of biocompatible photothermal nanocarriers. PTT (photothermal therapy) with an NIR (near-infrared) wavelength range (700–2000 nm) would cause cell death by increasing intercellular and intracellular temperature. PTT could also be helpful to overcome drug resistance during cancer treatments. In this study, an amine derivative of phospholipid poly ethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG (5000) amine) was conjugated with SWCNTs (single-walled carbon nanotubes) to reduce their intrinsic toxicity. Toxicity studies were performed on lung, liver, and ovarian cancer cell lines that were reported to show some degree of drug resistance to cisplatin. Toxicity results suggested that DSPE-PEG (5000) amine SWCNTs might be biocompatible photothermal nanocarriers in PTT. Therefore, our next step was to investigate the effect of DSPE-PEG (5000) amine SWCNT concentration, cell treatment time, and laser fluence on the apoptosis/necrosis of SKOV3 cells post-NIR exposure by RSM and experimental design software. It was concluded that photothermal efficacy and total apoptosis would be dose-dependent in terms of DSPE-PEG (5000) amine SWCNT concentration and fluence. Optimal solutions which showed the highest apoptosis and lowest necrosis were then achieved.
Whistler-Mode Radiation From a Dipole Antenna in Cold Magnetized Plasma

We treat whistler-mode radiation from a dipole antenna in a cold magnetized plasma based on the Fresnel zone construction theory. Radiated waves from the antenna with different propagation directions interfere in space. Regions of enhanced waves are formed when the interference is predominantly constructive at the observing point. The coherently enhanced wave propagates at the group velocity. If the antenna is perpendicular to the background magnetic field, the regions of strong waves form two back-to-back Fresnel zones that are parabolic-shaped cones along the background magnetic field from the antenna. The power within each cone drops with distance at a rate of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1/r$ </tex-math></inline-formula> much more slowly than the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1/r^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thinning of a spherical wave as in vacuum. The total radiation can be approximately derived by the total energy flux integrated over the Fresnel zone. The derived radiation resistance is much greater than that in vacuum. It is proportional to frequency as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1/f^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and proportional to the antenna length as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. To radiate more power, a longer antenna is preferred, a result that is opposite to some previous theoretical studies.
Analysing Agreement Among Different Evaluators in God Class and Feature Envy Detection

The automatic detection of <italic>Design Smells</italic> has evolved in parallel to the evolution of automatic <italic>refactoring</italic> tools. There was a huge rise in research activity regarding <italic>Design Smell</italic> detection from 2010 to the present. However, it should be noted that the adoption of <italic>Design Smell</italic> detection in real software development practice is not comparable to the adoption of automatic <italic>refactoring</italic> tools. On the basis of the assumption that it is the objectiveness of a refactoring operation as opposed to the subjectivity in definition and identification of <italic>Design Smells</italic> that makes the difference, in this paper, the lack of agreement between different evaluators when detecting <italic>Design Smells</italic> is empirically studied. To do so, a series of experiments and studies were designed and conducted to analyse the concordance in <italic>Design Smell</italic> detection of different persons and tools, including a comparison between them. This work focuses on two well known <italic>Design Smells</italic>: <italic>God Class</italic> and <italic>Feature Envy</italic>. Concordance analysis is based on the Kappa statistic for inter-rater agreement (particularly <italic>Kappa-Fleiss</italic>). The results obtained show that there is no agreement in detection in general, and, in those cases where a certain agreement appears, it is considered to be a fair or poor degree of agreement, according to a <italic>Kappa-Fleiss</italic> interpretation scale. This seems to confirm that there is a subjective component which makes the raters evaluate the presence of <italic>Design Smells</italic> differently. The study also raises the question of a lack of training and experience regarding <italic>Design Smells</italic>.
DEPICTION OF VASA VASORUM DURING CEA 2921 Introduction Following the Japanese Health

2920 Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the depiction of the carotid artery by fluorescein sodium (FS) videoangiography compared with indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography, focusing on how the vasa vasorum of the carotid artery is depicted.Methods: Thirty-five patients (19 FS patients, 16 ICG patients, mean age 69.4 6 5.1 years, mean degree of stenosis 78.7% 6 11.7%) who underwent a carotid endarterectomy (CEA)were enrolled. FS (5-6mg/kg) or ICG (.2-.3mg/kg) was injected intravenously as a bolus before the arterectomy during the CEA. The intravascular fluorescence signal was recorded with a digital video camera integrated on a microscope. Magnetic resonance imaging black-blood (BB) T1-weighted imaging (WI) was preoperatively performed using a 1.5-Twhole-body imager, and the signal intensity ratio relative to the ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle on BB-T1WI (BB-SIR) was calculated. We also performed an immunohistochemistry study using CD31 and CD68 antibodies for plaque specimens. Results: In the FS videoangiography series, the vasa vasorum of carotid adventitia was depicted first, followed by augmentation of FS of the wall and partially the inner lumen (pattern A) in 6 cases. Augmentation of FS of the wall and inner lumen prior or simultaneous to the depiction of the vasa vasorum of the carotid adventitia (pattern B) were observed in 13 cases. The average BB-SIR value of the pattern B cases was significantly higher than that in the pattern A group (P , .05). Most of the plaques with BB-SIR values higher than 1.25 also belonged to the pattern B group (90.9%). Microvessels stained by CD31 and macrophages stained by CD68 were more frequently observed in the high–BB-SIR plaques. In contrast, the ICG videoangiography uniformly showed pattern B in all 16 cases, because of the fluorolucency of the carotid wall revealed by the ICG. Conclusions: The early depiction of adventitial vasa vasorum in FS videoangiography was inversely associated with the BB-SIR values of the plaques, along with many microvessels and macrophages that have been reported to have a tendency of intraplaque hemorrhage or symptoms. The present results may support the idea of an intimal origin of the neovascularization in vulnerable carotid plaques, and they demonstrated the potential of intraoperative plaque imaging by FS videoangiography.
Dietary effect of Lemon Verbena (Aloysia triphylla) extract on growth performance, some haematological, biochemical, and non-specific immunity and stocking density challenge of rainbow trout juveniles (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

ABSTRACT An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla) extract on growth performance, some haematological, biochemical, and non-specific immunity parameters as well as stocking density challenge of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). After adaptation, the fish, with an average weight of 25.52 ± 1.31 g, were fed four different dietary lemon verbena inclusion levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 7 g/kg) for six weeks. In the next step, the number of fish in each tank tripled to expose the fish to density challenges for two weeks. There were differences in the final weight, (SGR), (FCR), (PER), and feed intake between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). The results showed that the cortisol content decreased (p < 0.05). The highest levels of FCR, feed intake, plasma triglyceride, cholesterol, (LDL), and (HDL) were observed in the control group. Furthermore, under high stocking density, treatments showed a significant decrease in glucose and cortisol (p < 0.05). A significant increase was also shown in (IgM), (RBA), and (SOD) in all treatments. Finally, using lemon verbena extract, up to 7 g/kg of food can be recommended for rainbow trout diets because it can improve growth performance and non-specific immunity parameters.
Diatom‐inferred microtopography formation in peatlands

Peatlands, an important carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems, are often characterised by a hummock–hollow microtopography, which has important implications for hydrologic conditions, biotic community structure and carbon cycling. However, dynamics of microtopography formation are poorly understood. Moss‐inhabiting diatoms are sensitive to water table change and may be used to infer microtopography formation. Sixty‐three surface moss samples were collected from four Sphagnum peatlands in the Changbai Mountains (north‐eastern China), covering a water table gradient of 0–55 cm. Ordination analyses revealed that depth to the water table (DWT) was the determinant of diatom distribution, and its sole effect explained 15% of total variance in diatom composition. Accordingly, a diatom‐based water table transfer function was developed using a weighted averaging model with inverse deshrinking (R2 = 0.82, RMSEP = 5.63 cm with leave‐one‐out cross validation), and applied to diatom records of a Sphagnum hummock profile. Quantitative reconstruction of DWT showed that the height of the Sphagnum hummock increased obviously in the early stage and then remained relatively stable when the reconstructed height was more than 35 cm. The results suggested that annual addition of Sphagnum litter exceeded its decomposition during the early stage of hummock formation, and Sphagnum production and decomposition reached equilibrium when the hummock had grown to a certain height. This is the first study to explore dynamics of hummock height using moss‐inhabiting diatoms, and hence provides a novel tool for quantitative reconstruction of microtopography formation in Sphagnum peatlands.
Effectiveness of human resource records management strategies at a university in Ghana

Purpose Human resource records are very important in the successful management of organisations. Despite their importance, they are ignored in records management studies. This study aims to bring to the limelight human resource records management issues that are overlooked despite the numerous studies on records management by examining the effectiveness of human resource records management strategies at a university in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive survey was used in this study. A combination of census and simple random sampling was used to administer questionnaires to administrators who handle master or working personal files regularly. Data of 228 respondents was processed using SPSS and analysed in frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Findings This study revealed that while most vital documents were found on staff personal files, some documents like medical reports, passport pictures and birth certificates were somewhat unavailable. It was also found that the University had no human resource records policy in its corporate strategic thrust, which is a barrier to effective human resource records management, but the records creation strategies were effective. However, regarding the maintenance, and retention and disposition of human resource records, the strategies were ineffective. Overall, the findings fell short of the ISO 15489 framework for managing records. Originality/value This study seeks to bring to the fore human resource records management issues that seem to be overlooked despite the numerous studies on records management.
A new record of sweat-sucking stingless bee, Lisotrigona carpenteri Engel 2000, from a natural savanna in southwest China

Abstract The stingless bee Lisotrigona carpenteri was first described from northern Vietnam, and later on reported from Cambodia. Here, we present a new record of this species from a valley-type savanna in southwest China. Though the other two species of Lisotrigona, L. cacciae, and L. furva, showed significant tear-sucking behavior, workers of L. carpenter sampled in this study were mainly observed to suck sweat from exposed human skin, and also take tears when they find tear secretion from human eyes. How the populations of L. carpenteri survive in this extreme environment and their role in pollination for local flora are worthy of further exploration.
Impact of lipopolysaccharides on cultivation and recombinant protein expression in human embryonal kidney (HEK‐293) cells

The human embryonal kidney 293 cell (HEK‐293) is a widely used expression host for transient gene expression. The genes or plasmids used for the transient transfections are usually propagated and extracted from the gram‐negative bacterium Escherichia coli, the workhorse for molecular biologists. As a gram‐negative bacterium E. coli has an outer membrane (OM) containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or endotoxins. LPS are very potent inducers of inflammatory cytokines in the body. In early research phases DNA intended for transient transfections is not routinely checked for LPS‐levels. In this study we addressed the question whether LPS has an impact on the cultivation and production of a recombinant antibody. At high concentrations the presence of LPS has a detrimental impact on cell viability and recombinant protein expression. But low LPS concentrations are tolerated and might even enhance protein expression levels.
During a Sustained Isometric Contraction Electromyographic ( EMG ) Analysis of Quadriceps Muscle Fatigue in Children With Cerebral Palsy

http://jcn.sagepub. com/content/25/3/287 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0883073809338734 2010 25: 287 originally published online 30 September 2009 J Child Neurol Angeline Nsenga Leunkeu, Daniel J. Keefer, Miladi Imed and Said Ahmaidi During a Sustained Isometric Contraction Electromyographic (EMG) Analysis of Quadriceps Muscle Fatigue in Children With Cerebral Palsy