Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of resveratrol in the management of childhood obesity

Our review is focused on examining whether or not resveratrol is effective in managing and treating childhood obesity based on its beneficial health effects, while also discussing the progress made in developing functional food products containing resveratrol. Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound found in the Veratrum grandiflorum and is known for its antioxidant properties. Resveratrol can be found in various foods like berries, grapes, pistachios, dark chocolate, peanut skins, soybeans, and pomegranates. Studies evaluating the effectiveness of resveratrol in the management and treatment of childhood obesity have been conducted both in animals and humans. Through numerous mechanisms, such as activation of AMPK, increasing lipolysis, decreasing leptin levels and leptin/soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) ratio, managing embryonic oxidative stress biomarkers, and reducing body weight and adiposity in offspring, resveratrol has been shown to be effective in ameliorating symptoms of obesity. Thus far, researchers have established both a goal to be accomplished (treatment and management of childhood obesity) and a bioactive compound (resveratrol) to accomplish that goal, as well as appropriate dosages and times of consumption for preclinical trials, mechanisms of action, and relevant biomarkers of resveratrol. These findings have been used to conduct various preclinical trials to test the efficacy and safety of resveratrol both in vivo and on animals. To our knowledge, the following steps have not yet been completed and are required for future research; 1) clinical trials involving resveratrol supplementation to establish safety, appropriate dosage, and time of consumption in humans, 2) creation of a specialized label for resveratrol functional food products, 3) publications submitted to open access, peer-reviewed journals, 4) approval by a reliable governmental agency, 5) official establishment of the product, and 6) epidemiological studies and after-market research conducted following release of the functional food product to the general public.Keywords: Resveratrol, Obesity, Childhood, Maternal, Cardiovascular, Diabetes, Inflammation.Graphical Abstract: Effects of resveratrol on managing childhood obesity
Efficient Revocable Attribute-Based Encryption With Verifiable Data Integrity

Nowadays, cloud computing and cloud storage services that can reduce the local workload are becoming increasingly popular, allowing individual and corporate users to upload data to the cloud. Since the user’s permissions in the system are not immutable, the users should have dynamic access. Revocation of users who have been granted access to data is also a strong need for cloud computing systems. In addition, we should ensure the data integrity after the cloud server performs a revocation. To address the above issues, we propose a revocable attribute-based encryption scheme that protects the data integrity (RABE-DI). Our scheme is more efficient compared with existing RABE-DI schemes. In addition, we prove the semantic security and integrity of the scheme. Experimental result shows that the similar scheme is not as efficient as ours.
Assistance-Transmission Tradeoff for RIS-Assisted Symbiotic Radios

This paper considers the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted symbiotic radio (SR) system, in which the RIS, acting as a secondary transmitter (STx), transmits its information by leveraging the primary signal as its RF carrier and simultaneously assists the primary transmission. In such a system, when the RIS transmits information, it could only provide limited assistance for the primary transmission. Thus, there exists a fundamental tradeoff between the assistance and information transmission capabilities of the RIS. To study the tradeoff, in this paper, we propose a novel RIS design scheme which partitions the RIS surface into two sub-surfaces, one to assist the primary transmission and the other to transmit the secondary signal. Considering the coupling effect between these two transmissions in SR, we focus on the composite signal formed by the primary and secondary signals. Then, to optimize the surface partitioning strategy, we formulate the assistance-transmission tradeoff problem to minimize the bit error rate (BER) of the composite signal, so as to improve the overall BER performance of the primary and secondary signals. By solving the problem, we show that optimal surface partitioning is related to the strength ratio of the direct link to the reflected link. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed design outperforms the conventional design significantly, which provides the best tradeoff.
Identification of Pathogenic Missense Mutations in the CHRNA5 Gene: A Computational Approach

Aim The CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene locus is closely related to nicotine dependence and other smoking-related disorders. Coupling genetic and clinical studies of nicotine dependence and smoking behaviors may open new avenues for medication development. The aim of this study is to investigate the functional missense mutations in the CHRNA5 gene. Methodology The Ensembl database was used to gather data on missense mutations of the human CHRNA5 gene. Computational tools viz. SIFT (Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant), PolyPhen (Polymorphism Phenotyping), PROVEAN (Protein Variation Effect Analyzer), I-Mutant, and MutPred were used to uncover the pathogenic mutations in the gene under investigation. Results Among 161 missense variants reported inthe CHRNA5 gene, 94 variants were found to be highly pathogenic. Moreover, 20 were pathogenic and 4 were not pathogenic. Conclusion The computational analysis disclosed harmful mutations in the CHRNA5 gene which could be potentially associated with smoking-related traits.
THE COMBINED USE OF AIR, GROUND AND 'IN RIVER' ELECTROMAGNETICS IN DEFINING SPATIAL PROCESSES OF SALINISATION ACROSS ECOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT FLOODPLAIN AREAS - LOWER RIVER MURRAY, SA

BACKGROUND In the southeast of Australia, the floodplains of the Lower River Murray have become extensively salinised. This is, in large part, related to an increase in recharge to the naturally saline groundwater system that flows into the River Murray from the irrigation that flanks the river, the regulation of river flow by weirs, increased water extraction from the river, and a marked reduction in flood events along its course. The result has been the accumulation and concentration of salt within the floodplains along the river and an increase in salt loads to it. The floodplains of the lower Murray represent a zone in which groundwater is shallow, and groundwater - atmosphere interactions through evapotranspiration (ET) are most pronounced. Spatial variations in evapotranspiration develop due to the variable distribution and type of floodplain sediments, patterns of vegetation type, floodplain elevation and geometry, and in places where the groundwater system is particularly close to the surface, evapotranspiration concentrates salt resulting in extensive salinisation, vegetation dieback or health decline. In many floodplain areas, ecologically important Eucalyptus woodlands and forests that inhabit the floodplain are dying from soil water salt concentrations that often exceed those of seawater (Overton & Jolly, 2004). In order to manage the problem and to protect the ecology and biodiversity along the river, a range of management strategies are being employed including the development of salt interception schemes (SIS), targeted spear point pumping to lower groundwater under vulnerable tree communities, injection of fresh water in the same regions, and artificial flooding or environmental irrigation. Modelling tools are key to the development of effective and appropriate management strategies, particularly to assist the prediction of their effects on floodplain salinisation. However, there is an accompanying need to acquire biophysical data that permit resultant models to be calibrated and validated. Geophysical, particularly electrical, methods have the potential to provide detailed spatio-temporal information on the distribution of salinity in soils and groundwater, thereby indicating spatial patterns of groundwater evapotranspiration and baseflow across salinising floodplains that characterise the lower River Murray. In this paper we review this potential at varying scales and comment on the role of these methods in the validation of groundwater models. Specifically, a combination of technologies including airborne, ground and “in river” electrical methods are considered and we provide some preliminary observations on the information content of frequency domain helicopter EM data. High resolution RESOLVE frequency domain helicopter EM data are examined along with ‘in river’ NanoTEM and ground EM31 data.
Recent Progress in Wearable Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) Devices Based on Electroencephalogram (EEG) for Medical Applications: A Review

Importance: Brain–computer interface (BCI) decodes and converts brain signals into machine instructions to interoperate with the external world. However, limited by the implantation risks of invasive BCIs and the operational complexity of conventional noninvasive BCIs, applications of BCIs are mainly used in laboratory or clinical environments, which are not conducive to the daily use of BCI devices. With the increasing demand for intelligent medical care, the development of wearable BCI systems is necessary. Highlights: Based on the scalp-electroencephalogram (EEG), forehead-EEG, and ear-EEG, the state-of-the-art wearable BCI devices for disease management and patient assistance are reviewed. This paper focuses on the EEG acquisition equipment of the novel wearable BCI devices and summarizes the development direction of wearable EEG-based BCI devices. Conclusions: BCI devices play an essential role in the medical field. This review briefly summarizes novel wearable EEG-based BCIs applied in the medical field and the latest progress in related technologies, emphasizing its potential to help doctors, patients, and caregivers better understand and utilize BCI devices.
Current Trends and Challenges in Drug-Likeness Prediction: Are They Generalizable and Interpretable?

Importance: Drug-likeness of a compound is an overall assessment of its potential to succeed in clinical trials, and is essential for economizing research expenditures by filtering compounds with unfavorable properties and poor development potential. To this end, a robust drug-likeness prediction method is indispensable. Various approaches, including discriminative rules, statistical models, and machine learning models, have been developed to predict drug-likeness based on physiochemical properties and structural features. Notably, recent advancements in novel deep learning techniques have significantly advanced drug-likeness prediction, especially in classification performance. Highlights: In this review, we addressed the evolving landscape of drug-likeness prediction, with emphasis on methods employing novel deep learning techniques, and highlighted the current challenges in drug-likeness prediction, specifically regarding the aspects of generalization and interpretability. Moreover, we explored potential remedies and outlined promising avenues for future research. Conclusion: Despite the hurdles of generalization and interpretability, novel deep learning techniques have great potential in drug-likeness prediction and are worthy of further research efforts.
Supporting Informed Choices about Browser Cookies: The Impact of Personalised Cookie Banners

Browser cookies, especially those from third parties, pose a threat to individual privacy. While it is possible in principle to control the number of cookies accepted, this choice is often neither usable nor truly informed. To address this issue, this study used semi-structured interviews (N=19) to identify attitudes and user requirements to develop an alternative personalised cookie banner, which was evaluated in an online experiment (N=157). The cookie banner explanations were tailored to the privacy knowledge of three groups of users: low, medium and high. The online experiment measured cookie choices and perceived usability of the cookie banner across three groups: an experimental group that viewed the novel cookie banner with personalisation (personalised privacy assistant), a control group that viewed the novel cookie banner without personalisation (privacy assistant) and a control group that viewed the standard cookie banner provided by the website. The results indicate that the novel cookie banner (with or without personalisation) generally resulted in significantly fewer accepted cookies and increased usability compared to the standard cookie window. In addition, the personalised cookie banner resulted in significantly fewer accepted cookies and higher usability than the non-personalised cookie banner. These results suggest that tailoring cookie banners to users' privacy knowledge can be an effective approach to empowering users to make informed choices and better protect their privacy.
PHY Security Enhancement Exploiting STAR-RIS for Dual-Functional Radar-Communication

Considering a simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RIS)-aided dual-functional radar-communications (DFRC) system, this paper proposes a symbol-level precoding-based scheme for enhancing the physical layer (PHY) security of the confidential information transmission and performing target sensing simultaneously. Specifically, the STAR-RIS-aided DFRC system design objective is to maximize the average received radar sensing power subject to the quality-of-service constraints for multiple communication users, the security constraint for multiple potential eavesdroppers, as well as various practical waveform design restrictions. However, the formulated problem is challenging to handle due to its nonconvexity. To address these issues, we propose a distance-majorization induced low-complexity algorithm to obtain an efficient solution. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the STAR-RIS in improving the DFRC performance.
SUICIDE ATTEMPTS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS IN CROATIAN WAR VETERANS WITH POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER.

BACKGROUND Patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have an increased frequency of suicide ideations, but also a higher risk of suicide attempts. Of all the known predisposing risk factors of suicide attempts in this population, personality dimensions are one of the least investigated. The main aim of this study was to examine if personality traits, namely temperament and character dimensions and trait impulsivity, are associated with suicide attempts in war veterans with PTSD. SUBJECTS AND METHODS his sample included 178 Croatian male war veterans (mean age 49.20 years) treated for PTSD at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb. These patients were assessed with the M.I. N.I. diagnostic interview and they filled out several self-report scales: the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II), the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). RESULTS It was found that 42 (24%) Croatian war veterans with PTSD had a previous suicide attempt. Comparison between the two groups (participants with vs. those without history of suicide attempts) revealed that patients with previous suicide attempts are less educated and more often unemployed, have a longer duration of psychiatric treatment and more psychiatric hospitalizations, and exhibit higher levels of depression and lower life satisfaction. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, temperament dimension Harm Avoidance and character dimension Self-transcendence were unique predictors of suicide attempts, above the influence of age, education level and length of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Croatian war veterans with PTSD have a substantial risk of suicide attempts. In addition to the role of some sociodemographic and clinical factors, it seems that certain personality dimensions are uniquely associated with suicide behaviours among these individuals.
Consequences of an experimental cortisol elevation on the behaviour, condition and survival of creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) across a gradient of habitat quality

Aquatic ecosystems are becoming increasingly altered as a result of human landuse practices, exposing fish to a variety of environmental stressors. This thesis tested whether exposure of creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) to experimental chronic cortisol elevations affected their behaviour, health, condition, and survival across a gradient of habitat quality, outside of the reproductive period. Using biotelemetry methods, exogenous cortisol manipulations were found to have no affect on the fineand large-scale movements of creek chub despite exposure to a significant, ecological relevant challenge. Similarly, elevated cortisol levels had no effect on the health, and condition of creek chub within streams in reference, agriculture, and urban land-use sites. Results suggest that compensatory mechanisms enable wild fish to cope with stressors that in laboratory environments typically result in profound effects. However, as creek chub are a rather tolerant organism, caution must be taken when applying results to other
Roles of Oxidative Injury and Nitric Oxide System Derangements in Kawasaki Disease Pathogenesis: A Systematic Review

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile vasculitis that occurs mostly in children younger than five years. KD involves multiple intricately connected inflammatory reactions activated by a cytokine cascade. Despite therapeutic advances, coronary artery damage may develop in some patients, who will be at risk of clinical cardiovascular events and even sudden death. The etiology of KD remains unclear; however, it may involve both genetic and environmental factors leading to aberrant inflammatory responses. Given the young age of onset, prenatal or perinatal exposure may be etiologically relevant. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, a post-infectious hyper-inflammatory disorder associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has features that overlap with those of KD. Available evidence indicates that vascular endothelial dysfunction is a critical step in the sequence of events leading to the development of cardiovascular lesions in KD. Oxidative stress and the dysregulation of the nitric oxide (NO) system contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory responses related to this disease. This review provides current evidence and concepts highlighting the adverse effects of oxidative injury and NO system derangements on the initiation and progression of KD and potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular pathologies in affected children.
Transcriptome analysis of divergent residual feed intake phenotypes in the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum of Wannan Yellow rabbits

Introduction: Feed efficiency is an important economic trait in rabbit meat production. The identification of molecular mechanisms and candidate genes for feed efficiency may improve the economic and environmental benefits of the rabbit meat industry. As an alternative to the conventional feed conversion ratio, residual feed intake (RFI) can be used as an accurate indicator of feed efficiency. Methods: RNA sequencing was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum of eight Wannan Yellow rabbits with excessively high or low RFIs (HRFI or LRFI, respectively). Thereafter, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, enrichment using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was conducted. Results: In total, 445 DEGs were identified in the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum of rabbits with high and low RFIs. The significantly enriched GO terms identified in these two groups were primarily involved in energy and mitochondrial metabolism and oxidation–reduction processes. KEGG analysis identified 11 significantly enriched pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, PI3K-Akt signaling, and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathways. According to GSEA, the expressions of genes and pathways related to mitochondrial function were upregulated in HRFI rabbits, whereas genes with upregulated expressions in LRFI rabbits were related to immune response and energy metabolism. Additionally, PPI network analysis revealed five potential candidate genetic markers. Conclusion: Comparative analysis of the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum transcriptomes in HRFI and LRFI rabbits revealed FOS, MYC, PRKACB, ITGA2, and FN1 as potential candidate genes that affect feed efficiency in rabbits. In addition, key signaling pathways involved in oxidative phosphorylation and PI3K-Akt and ECM-receptor interaction signaling impact rabbit feed efficiency. These findings will aid in breeding programs to improve feed efficiency and optimize RFI selection of rabbits for meat production.
A Conceptual Framework to Study Factors Influencing Volunteers’ Motivation

Many researchers agree that motivation plays a key role for people to volunteer. This is because volunteering sometimes offers them no money or recognition. Understanding volunteer motivations and variances between groups of people will enable management to build management methods that will help volunteers perform better. Little study has been conducted on the volunteer motivational factors due to crisis although there were many studies on other forms of factors related to volunteerism. By understanding volunteer motivation, volunteers can be better managed to ensure that the benefits of helping outweigh the potential negative consequences for individuals and the community as a whole. The Malaysian Ministry of Youth and Sports was selected because although the initiative has just been launched recently but the Ministry able to attract more than 200,000 volunteers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence people to volunteer as trained Satria. This will help government and non-profit organizations understand the factors that influence people to motivate during crises and emergencies as well as less-emergencies situations. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the factors influencing volunteers’ motivation from a population of 508 trained Satria volunteers of the Malaysian Ministry of Youth and Sports throughout Malaysia.
Tendency to perfectionism and its relationship to academic burnout among gifted students at King Abdullah II Schools of Excellence

This study aimed to identify the tendency towards perfectionism and its relationship to academic burnout among gifted students at King Abdullah II Schools for Excellence. In the second semester 2021/2022, the study used the descriptive-relational approach. The researchers used a measure of perfectionism and a measure of Academic burnout, and their validity and reliability were verified after application to an experimental sample. The results of the study showed that the level of the tendency towards perfectionism among the study sample was moderate, and that the level of academic burnout was high. Significant differences were also found between the arithmetic means of Academic burnout, statistically, due to the variable of grade, in favor of the eleventh grade, as well as differences due to gender, in favor of male students.