Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seismic capacity of adobe dwellings

In this paper the seismic capacity of adobe dwellings, in-plane and out-of-plane, is analyzed in terms of the displacement capacity and the period of vibration. For the former, cyclic and dynamic tests carried out at the Catholic University of Peru (PUCP) has been analyzed to obtain limit states (LS) for adobe walls and damping values for each LS. The period of vibration obtained from the experimental test results were compared with the results of elastic numerical analysis, where different configurations of adobe buildings were simulated. Then, an expression to compute the elastic period of vibration of adobe dwellings was obtained in function of the walls height. For the out-of-plane behaviour the displacement capacity is obtained from a linearized displacement-based approach, which estimates the maximum displacement that an adobe wall can support without collapsing. The period of vibration is obtained based on the collapse mechanism selected for each wall, which is a function of the wall geometrical properties and the boundary conditions.
C-Prime Fuzzy Ideals of Nearrings

In this paper, we introduce the notion of c-prime fuzzy ideal of a near- ring. The cardinality of the image of a c-prime fuzzy ideal can be greater than 2. This is unlike fuzzy prime ideals of rings and that of nearrings. If f : N→ M is an onto nearring homomorphism, we show that the map µ7→ f(µ) defines a one-to-one correspondence between the set of all f-invariant c-prime fuzzy ideals of N and the set of all c-prime fuzzy ideals of M. Finally, we obtain the relationships between c-prime fuzzy ideals and already defined equiprime fuzzy ideals and 3-prime fuzzy ideals of nearrings. 1. Introduction and Preliminaries The definition of fuzzy prime ideal of a ring as well as that of a nearring resulted in stringent conditions namely: (i) the cardinality of the image of a fuzzy prime ideal µ is 2; and (ii) µ(0) = 1. As an attempt to resolve this problem, the present authors in (3) introduced the notions of equiprime fuzzy ideal and 3- prime fuzzy ideal of nearrings and also studied the radical properties based on these ideals. In this paper, we introduce the notion of c-prime fuzzy ideal of a nearring and study the interconnection with the above notions. We review some definitions and results for the sake of completeness. Throughout the paper, N and M will denote right nearrings. A standard refer- ence on nearrings is Pilz (13) and on rings is Anderson and Fuller (2). ((6)) An ideal I of N is called c-prime if a, b ∈ N and ab ∈ I implies a ∈ I or b ∈ I. N is called c-prime nearring if {0} is a c-prime ideal of N.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR: The influence of vibration on rotational cross sections in ? and HD

We have investigated vibrational effects on the cross sections for rotational transitions within the vibrational ground states of and HD, induced by collisions with H atoms. We find that the shift of the mean intramolecular distance from the position of the potential minimum is significant in the case of H scattering on , where the interaction potential is only very weakly anisotropic at low collision energies.
Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of the Squid Na (cid:49) –Ca 2 (cid:49) Exchanger (NCX-SQ1)

We have cloned the squid neuronal Na (cid:49) –Ca 2 (cid:49) exchanger, NCX-SQ1, expressed it in Xenopus oocytes, and characterized its regulatory and ion transport properties in giant excised membrane patches. The squid exchanger shows 58% identity with the canine Na (cid:49) –Ca 2 (cid:49) exchanger (NCX1.1). Regions determined to be of functional importance in NCX1 are well conserved. Unique among exchanger sequences to date, NCX-SQ1 has a potential protein kinase C phosphorylation site (threonine 184) between transmembrane segments 3 and 4 and a tyrosine kinase site in the Ca 2 (cid:49) binding region (tyrosine 462). There is a deletion of 47 amino acids in the large intracellular loop of NCX-SQ1 in comparison with NCX1. Similar to NCX1, expression of NCX-SQ1 in Xenopus oocytes induced cytoplasmic Na (cid:49) -dependent 45 Ca 2 (cid:49) uptake; the uptake was inhibited by injection of Ca 2 (cid:49) chelators. In giant excised membrane patches, the NCX-SQ1 outward exchange current showed Na (cid:49) -dependent inactivation, secondary activation by cytoplasmic Ca 2 (cid:49) , and activation by chymotrypsin. The NCX-SQ1 exchange current was strongly stimulated by both ATP and the ATP-thioester, ATP (cid:103) S, in the presence of F (cid:50) (0.2 mM) and vanadate (50 (cid:109) M), and both effects reversed on application of a phosphatidylinositol-4 (cid:57) ,5 (cid:57) -bisphosphate antibody. NCX1 current was stimulated by ATP, but not by ATP (cid:103) S. Like NCX1 current, NCX-SQ1 current was strongly stimulated by phosphatidylinositol-4 (cid:57) ,5 (cid:57) -bisphosphate liposomes. In contrast to results in squid axon, NCX-SQ1 was not stimulated by phosphoarginine (5–10 mM). After chymotrypsin treatment, both the outward and inward NCX-SQ1 exchange currents were more strongly voltage dependent than NCX1 currents. Ion concentration jump experiments were performed to estimate the relative electrogenicity of Na (cid:49) and Ca 2 (cid:49) transport reactions. Outward current transients associated with Na (cid:49) extrusion were much smaller for NCX-SQ1 than NCX1, and inward current transients associated with Ca 2 (cid:49) extrusion were much larger. For NCX-SQ1, charge movements of Ca 2 (cid:49) transport could be defined in voltage jump experiments with a low cytoplasmic Ca 2 (cid:49) (2 (cid:109) M) in the presence of high extracellular Ca 2 (cid:49) (4 mM). The rates of charge movements showed “U”-shaped dependence on voltage, and the slopes of both charge–voltage and rate–voltage relations (1,600 s (cid:50) 1 at 0 mV) indicated an apparent valency of (cid:50) 0.6 charges for the underlying reaction. Evidently, more negative charge moves into the membrane field in NCX-SQ1 than in NCX1 when ions are occluded into binding sites.
Expression of CD40L by the ALVAC-SIV vector abrogates T cell responses in 1 macaques 2

38 Immunization with recombinant ALVAC/gp120 alum vaccine provided modest 39 protection from HIV-1 and SIV acquisition in humans and macaques. Vaccine-mediated 40 protection was associated with the elicitation of IgG against the envelope V2 loop and of 41 envelope-specific CD4 + T cell responses. We hypothesized that the simultaneous 42 expression of the co-stimulatory molecule CD40L (CD154) by the ALVAC-HIV vector 43 could increase both protective humoral and cellular responses. We engineered an 44 ALVAC-SIV co-expressing CD40L with SIV mac251 (ALVAC-SIV/CD40L) gag , pol , and 45 env genes. We compared its immunogenicity in macaques with a canonical ALVAC-SIV, 46 with both given as a vector-prime/gp120 in alum boost strategy. The ALVAC- 47 SIV/CD40L was superior to the ALVAC-SIV regimen in inducing binding and tier 1 48 neutralizing antibodies against the gp120. The increase in humoral responses was 49 associated with the expression of the membrane-bound form of the CD40L by CD4 + T 50 cells in lymph nodes. Unexpectedly, the ALVAC-SIV/CD40L vector had a blunting 51 effect on CD4 + Th1 helper responses, and instead favored the induction of myeloid 52 derived suppressor cells, the immune-suppressive IL-10 cytokine, and the down- 53 modulatory tryptophan catabolism. Ultimately, this strategy failed to protect macaques 54 from SIV acquisition. Taken together, these results underlie the importance of balanced 55 vaccine-induced activating versus suppressive immune responses in affording protection 56 from HIV. CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) interaction is crucial for inducing effective 62 cytotoxic and humoral responses against pathogens. Because of its immunomodulatory 63 function, CD40L has been used to enhance immune responses to vaccines, including 64 candidate vaccines for HIV. The only successful vaccine ever tested in humans utilized a 65 strategy combining canarypox virus-based vector (ALVAC) together with an envelope 66 protein (gp120) adjuvanted in alum. This strategy showed limited efficacy in preventing 67 HIV-1/SIV acquisition in humans and macaques. In both species, protection was 68 associated with vaccine-induced antibodies against the HIV envelope and CD4 + T cell 69 responses, including Type 1 antiviral responses. In this study, we tested whether 70 augmenting CD40L expression by co-expressing it with the ALVAC vector could 71 increase the protective immune responses. Although co-expression of CD40L did 72 increase humoral responses, it blunted Type 1 CD4 + T cells responses against the SIV 73 envelope protein, and failed to protect macaques from viral infection.
Designing Inter-Organizational Collectivities for Dynamic Fit: Stability, Maneuverability and Application in Disaster Relief Endeavors

The rich armamentarium of contingency theory can help to overcome the challenges of inter-organisational design. However, its predominate focus on static fit is incommensurate with the fundamentally dynamic nature of organisations and their environments. This problem is exacerbated in the context of inter-organisational design, particularly where the membership of participating organisations is discontinuous. Alternatively, recent research focusing on dynamic organisational fit and misfit elucidates novel design issues and engineering techniques even in the very complex inter-organisational context. In this article, we begin with a focused summary of dynamic fit and misfit, and we illustrate the use and utility of this view through empirical application to a very complex inter-organisational case involving thousands of participating organisations attempting to provide multinational disaster relief. The article concludes with an agenda for continued research along the lines of this investigation.
Degradation of Acid Orange II by Heterogeneous Fenton-like Reaction Using Clay Supported Fe 3 - x Mo x O 4 Composite Catalyst

In this study, investigations on four different types of clays as catalyst support and the influence of its loading in relation with catalytic performance of the resultant composite catalysts are performed. The inherent catalytic activity of MKSF, MK10, bentonite and kaolin as catalyst supports have been tested in the oxidative degradation of AOII as the model pollutant. The highest AOII degradation was exhibited by MKSF that followed by bentonite, kaolin and MK10. Therefore, MKSF has been chosen as the catalyst support to immobilize the active sites of Fe 3 - 0.4 Mo 0.4 O 4 catalyst. The MKSF loading were varied at x = 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 wt%, respectively. Interestingly, Fe 3 - 0.4 Mo 0.4 O 4 -MKSF(80wt%) has shown superior catalytic performance up to 98.8% of AOII removal in comparison to the Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 - 0.4 Mo 0.4 O 4 catalysts. Meanwhile, the second-order reaction kinetic model well described AOII degradation and its rate increased in the order of Fe 3 O 4 >Fe 3 - 0.4 Mo 0.4 O 4 >Fe 3 - 0.4 Mo 0.4 O 4 -MKSF(80wt%). Hence, these findings prove that having MKSF clays as catalyst support provides a positive influence in enhancing the overall catalytic performance of Fe 3 - 0.4 Mo 0.4 O 4 catalyst during the Fenton-like reaction as well as the degradation kinetics of the AOII solutions.
Oxy-resveratrol dampens neuroimmune responses in vivo : A selective effect on TNF (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1)

Consumption of nutrients rich in hydroxystilbenes has been promoted due to their health benefits, including dampening of inflammatory responses. However, few studies have examined their effects in vivo . Here, we show that the hydroxystilbene, oxyresveratrol (trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: o-RES) blocked hypothermia, but caused no significant effect on the febrile response to the immune stimulus, bacterial LPS in rats. This was associated with a reduction in the LPS-induced plasma cytokine, TNF (cid:1) , but not IL-6. Both IL-6-stimulated STAT-3 and LPS-induced cycoloxygenase-2 expression in the hypothalamus were not affected by o-RES. These data strongly suggest that the o-RES-induced dampening of neuroimmune responses is largely due to its inhibitory effect on TNF (cid:1) production. In contrast to in vitro experiments, o-RES has no direct effect on NF- (cid:2) B signaling pathway in vivo . The specific inhibitory effect of o-RES on TNF (cid:1) opens new avenues for the clinical use of o-RES in pathological conditions where excessive production of TNF is deleterious.
Presentations from “The Bolund Experiment: Workshop” 3-4th December 2009

max. 2000 char. ): This report contain copies of the presentations given at “The Bolund Experiment: Workshop” held on the 3-4 December 2009 at Risø DTU. The agenda of the two days and a participant list is given before the presentations. The workshop was held as part of the EFP project “Metoder til kortlægning af vindforholdene i komplekst terræn”. ISSN 0106-2840 ISBN 978-87-550-3841-7 Contract no.: ENS-33033-0062 Group's own reg. no.: 1110058-01 Sponsorship: Energistyrelsen, Danish Energy Agency, Vestas Technology R&D Cover : Picture of Bolund Pages: 162 Tables: 0 References: 1 Information Service Department Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy Technical University of Denmark P.O. Box 49 DK-4000 Roskilde Denmark Telephone +45 46774005 bibl@risoe.dtu.dk Fax +45 46774013 www.risoe.dtu.dk
On the algebraic structure of integrable systems in multidimensions

The d-simplex equations are multidimensional generalizations of the Yang-Baxter (triangle) equations. We discuss the algebraic structure of the hierarchy of the d-simplex equations and their relevance to the notion of quantum and classical integrability. A multidimensional generalization of the notion of lax pair is given. 7 refs.
Lane density optimisation of automated vehicles for highway congestion control

The rapid development of automated vehicle (AV) technology and increasing deployment in the near future present novel opportunities for congestion control on highways. Collective dynamics of AVs allow for network-wide traffic management, offering more flexible centralised and decentralised control schemes. To capitalise on this technology, control strategies need to be developed to enable traffic management to take advantage of AV potential to manipulate traffic flow dynamics. This paper presents a two-level traffic control method to relieve highway congestion by controlling lateral flows of AVs. The first, a proactive lane density distribution optimisation problem to establish the optimal vehicle density in lanes upstream of bottlenecks. The second, a reactive lane change advisory system to tackle local merging manoeuvres and resolve merge conflicts. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated through microsimulation experiments and comparison to ramp metering strategy. To consider the transition period and gradual uptake of AVs, the proposed control is also tested at various penetration rates of AVs. At moderate to high levels of AV penetration, the control is demonstrated to be superior to ramp metering within a range of traffic demands. The proposed traffic control reduces total travel time of all vehicles and travel time variation among vehicles on the mainline and ramps. The effectiveness is attributed to the delayed onset and severity of congestion and subsequent capacity drop. The success of the proposed strategy is illustrated on a three-lane highway with a single on-ramp and further exhibited on a road network with multiple on-ramps and off-ramps.
Experimental method for investigating the impact of the addition of polymer fibers on drying shrinkage and cracking of concretes

This study presents an investigation of a fiber‐reinforced concrete (FRC) with use of fibers of polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and recycled polyester in the amount of 0.50%, seeking to analyze the impact of the fiber additions on mechanical properties, drying shrinkage, and cracking. Regarding flexural strength, a reduction of up to 25% of the value was observed for FRC. The residual strength of FRCs was increased values 20 times higher than the reference concrete. The addition of fibers also increased the void content of the matrices and, therefore, drying shrinkage of the reference matrix up to 74%. The fiber additions increased the internal tensile stresses of the FRC of up to 12.0 MPa. Besides the increase in resistance, the FRC presented formation cracks with openings 8 times smaller than the concrete.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction– A numerical case study

Abstract ACL reconstruction is the recommended surgery for young, physically active persons with complete ACL rupture. This study has MAHE, Manipal ethics committee clearance. This research is a case study on AMP and TT techniques of ACL reconstruction. The two techniques of Reconstruction of ACL undertaken on different subjects are compared with the healthy knee joint and Reconstructed-ACL (R–ACL) which have undergone simulation, based on the stress induced. This research paper is based on a retrospective study that utilizes image data from previously carried–out surgery on patients and does not cause any harm to the living condition of the patients. Computer Tomography (CT) image of the human knee joint of a person who had undergone ACL reconstruction by Anteromedial Portal (AMP) technique and another person who had undergone ACL reconstruction by Traditional Transtibial (TT) technique were considered for this study. A 3-dimensional (3D) geometry of the reconstructed ACL is generated from the CT images of human knee joints of both persons. A Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) of a healthy human knee joint is considered. A 3-D geometric image of this healthy human knee joint is considered. It is discretized into a finite element model. The healthy ACL was replaced by a reconstructed ACL in the healthy human knee joint. The loads and boundary conditions corresponding to the Lachman test were applied to the human knee joint. In this study, equivalent stress (Von-Mises) in the ACL reconstructed by the AMP technique was found to be 16.07 MPa, whereas the equivalent stress in the ACL which has undergone TT technique of ACL reconstruction was 36.73 MPa. The equivalent stress distribution in the model was assessed and compared with earlier studies. Based on the analysis, it was found that the AMP technique is better than the TT technique of ACL reconstruction.
Butyrate Treatment of DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Affects the Hepatic Drug Metabolism in Mice

The development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota. There is currently no universal treatment for this disease, thus emphasizing the importance of developing innovative therapeutic approaches. Gut microbiome-derived metabolite butyrate with its well-known anti-inflammatory effect in the gut is a promising candidate. Due to increased intestinal permeability during IBD, butyrate may also reach the liver and influence liver physiology, including hepatic drug metabolism. To get an insight into this reason, the aim of this study was set to clarify not only the protective effects of the sodium butyrate (SB) administration on colonic inflammation but also the effects of SB on hepatic drug metabolism in experimental colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in mice. It has been shown here that the butyrate pre-treatment can alleviate gut inflammation and reduce the leakiness of colonic epithelium by restoration of the assembly of tight-junction protein Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in mice with DSS-induced colitis. In this article, butyrate along with inflammation has also been shown to affect the expression and enzyme activity of selected cytochromes P450 (CYPs) in the liver of mice. In this respect, CYP3A enzymes may be very sensitive to gut microbiome-targeted interventions, as significant changes in CYP3A expression and activity in response to DSS-induced colitis and/or butyrate treatment have also been observed. With regard to medications used in IBD and microbiota-targeted therapeutic approaches, it is important to deepen our knowledge of the effect of gut inflammation, and therapeutic interventions were followed concerning the ability of the organism to metabolize drugs. This gut–liver axis, mediated through inflammation as well as microbiome-derived metabolites, may affect the response to IBD therapy.
Localization of the Mandibular Foramen for Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block In a Sample of Egyptians Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic-A Retrospective Study

Background: Localization of mandibular foramen (MF) determines the success of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). Methods: The location of MF was determined in 273 scans using I-CAT machine. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were of 104 males (38.10%) and 169 females (61.90%) were assessed. The MF location was analyzed by measuring the following distances: Distance from midpoint of anterior margin of MF to the nearest point on anterior border of ramus of mandible (AB-MF). Distance from midpoint of posterior margin of MF to the nearest point on the posterior border of the ramus of mandible (PB-MF). Distance from the lowest point of mandibular notch to entering point of MF (MF-MN). Distance from entering point of MF to point of the greatest convexity of the inferior ramus border (MF-IB). Distance from entering point of MF to occlusal plane of mandibular right first and second molars (MF-OP). Distance from entering point of MF to apex of retromolar trigone (MF-ARMT). Two ramus anatomic features were analyzed: Ramus width (RW) and ramus height (RH). Mandibular foramen depth (MFD) and mandibular canal width (CW) were also evaluated. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare between the mean values of males and females. Results: Males showed significantly higher values in most of the measurements except MFD and ARTM-MF. Conclusions: In the present study, statistically significant differences in the location of the MF were found between males and females. However, there is no need to change needle insertion in IANB because females have overall smaller mandibles. Smaller distances in every direction compensate for each other.
Thermodynamics and an Introduction to Thermostatistics, 2nd Edition

DESCRIPTION The only text to cover both thermodynamic and statistical mechanics--allowing students to fully master thermodynamics at the macroscopic level. Presents essential ideas on critical phenomena developed over the last decade in simple, qualitative terms. This new edition maintains the simple structure of the first and puts new emphasis on pedagogical considerations. Thermostatistics is incorporated into the text without eclipsing macroscopic thermodynamics, and is integrated into the conceptual framework of physical theory.