Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimizing of rye bread recipes containing mono-diglycerice, guar gum, and carboxymethylcellulose using a maturograph and an ovenrise recorder

To determine and optimize the functional properties of rye flour doughs and rye bread, an expanded fractionated factorial test plan and a multipolynomial regression analysis were used to determine the proportions of three commercial additives. The additives utilized were mono-diglyceride (MDG), guar gum (GUAR), and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The optimal final proof time for rye pan bread was determined with a maturograph. Baking behavior was determined with an ovenrise recorder. The specific volume, as well as the porous structure of the crumb and the shelf life, could be improved without altering the crumb elasticity by adding 0.8 parts MDG, 0.6 parts CMC, and 0.3 parts GUAR
"In vitro" Induction, Isolation, and Selection of Potato Mutants Tolerant to Salinity

A mutation breeding program was conducted to improve potato (Solanum tuberosnmv tolerance to salinity. In vitro cultured explants from potato cvs. Draga, Diamant, and Spunta were irrad iated with gamma ray doses of 25, 30, and 35 Gy. Growing plantlets were subsequently propagated to obtain enough explants for in vitro selection of plants tolerant to salinity, Around 1300 MV4 plantlets from the three cuntvars were subjec­ ted to selectio n pressure. The fourth mutation vegetative generation (MV.a) explants were cultured tin an I\IS medium supplemented wi th NaCI in varying concentrat ions ranging from 50 to ZOO mM. Survlvlng plantlets were propagated and re-cultured on a similar medium to insure their tolera nce to salinity. Salt tolerant plantlets were acclimatized and tra nsferred to pots and grown under greenhouse conditions. Mutant and control plants were later subjected to a second selection pressure by irri gating t hem with water containing NaCI in cencentra ­ ucns ranging from 50 to 2511 m! \1. Cultivar Spunta produced the highest number of tolerant plants. Fuur plants of Spunta appeared to he tolerant to salinity whereas only one plant from Diamant was tolerant and no plants Irnm cultivar Drage were tolera nt. The average number of produced minitubers per plant varied in the mutant plants from eight to 14.Also, weight of these minituhcr s varied from less than 1 to 31 grams.
Global climate change and carbon management in multifunctional forests

Fossil-fuel burning and deforestation have emerged as principal anthropogenic sources of rising atmospheric CO2 and consequential global warming. Variability in temperature, precipitation, snow cover, sea level and extreme weather events provide collateral evidence of global climate change. I review recent advances on causes and consequences of global climate change and its impact on nature and society. I also examine options for climate change mitigation. Impact of climate change on ecology, economy and society – the three pillars of sustainability – is increasing. Emission reduction, although most useful, is also politically sensitive for economic reasons. Proposals of the geoengineering for iron fertilization of oceans or manipulation of solar flux using stratospheric scatters are yet not feasible for scientific and environmental reasons. Forests as c arbon sinks, therefore, are required to play a multifunctiona l role that includes, but is not limited to, biodiversity co nservation and maintenance of ecosystem functions; yield of goods and services to the society; enhancing the ca rbon storage in trees, woody vegetation and soils; and providing social and economic well-being of people. This paper explores strategies in that direction and co ncludes that the management of multifunctional forests over landscape continuum, employing tools of conse rvation biology and restoration ecology, shall be the vital option for climate change mitigation in future.
Evasion Attacks against Banking Fraud Detection Systems

Machine learning models are vulnerable to adversarial samples: inputs crafted to deceive a classiﬁer. Adversarial samples crafted against one model can be effective also against related models. Therefore, even without a comprehensive knowledge of the target system, a malicious agent can attack it by training a surrogate model and crafting evasive samples. Unlike the image classiﬁcation context, the banking fraud detection domain is characterized by samples with few aggregated features. This characteristic makes conventional approaches hardly applicable to the banking fraud context. In this paper, we study the application of Adversarial Machine Learning (AML) techniques to the banking fraud detection domain. To this end, we identify the main challenges and design a novel approach to perform evasion attacks. Using two real bank datasets, we evaluate the security of several state-of-the-art fraud detection systems by deploying evasion attacks with different degrees of attacker’s knowledge. We show that the outcome of the attack is strictly dependent on the target fraud detector, with an evasion rate ranging from 60% to 100%. Interestingly, our results show that the increase of attacker knowledge does not signiﬁcantly increase the attack success rate, except for the full knowledge scenario.
ALTERNATIVE FOR REDUCING PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN ‘BARTLETT’ PEARS

‘Bartlett’ pears from different harvest dates were assessed regarding to cold storage potential and reduction of physiological disorder incidence. Three harvests, the first (HD1), second (HD2), and third (HD3), were carried out at weekly intervals. The pears were assessed after the harvest, with no exposition to the temperature conditioning, after 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 days at 0 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5% RH and after three and six days at room temperature (20 ± 1 °C). Fruit from the early harvest (HD1) showed the smallest incidence of physiological disorder during both cold and room temperature storage. The disorder symptoms became apparent in HD1 fruit after 20 days at cold storage followed by three days at 20 °C, whereas HD2 and HD3 fruit showed the symptoms before being kept in a cold room. ‘Bartlett’ pears harvested at 70.75 N flesh firmness can be stored at 0 ± 1 °C for up to 40 days and preferably commercialized within three days, when they reach the firmness for eating. The extension of cold storage as well as the trade period can result in higher physiological disorder incidence and loss of sensorial quality.
Taxonomy of tropical West African bivalves. VI. Remarks on Lucinidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia), with description of six new genera and eight new species

Sont traitees 13 especes de Lucinidae du plateau continental, du talus et de l'abyssal au large de la cote d'Afrique occidentale tropicale. Six genres sont introduits et huit especes nouvelles sont decrites: Lamylucina exgaini n. gen., n. sp. de l'infralittoral, Tinalucina aequatorialis n. gen., n. sp. du circalittoral Ouest de l'ile de Bioko (Fernando Poo), Afrolucina discontinua n. gen., n. sp. du plateau inferieur et du talus superieur (circalittoral), Lucinoma atalantae n. sp. du bathyal du Bassin du Cap-Vert au large de la Mauritanie (2000 m), Lucinoma myriamae n. sp. , Graecina karinae n. gen., n. sp. et Joellina dosiniformis n. gen., n. sp. des sediments reducteurs sur le talus au large du Nord de l'Angola, et Divaricella (Egracina) chavani n. sp. de la zone infralittorale. De plus, Falsolucinoma n. gen. est introduit pour Lucina leloeuffi Cosel, 1989. Deux especes du genre Anodontia Link, 1807, recemment decrites, sont incluses ici. Lucinoma vestita (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906) du talus superieur (600 m) des Iles du Cap-Vert est rediscute ici. Comme beaucoup d'autres especes ouest-africaines, les especes Afrolucina discontinua n. gen., n. sp. et Divaricella (E.) chavani n. sp. provenant du littoral et du plateau continental presentent des discontinuites de distribution le long de la cote ouest-africaine, ainsi rentrent-elles dans le contexte des conditions hydrographiques de cette cote.
Effect of temperature and cold stratification on seed germination of the Mediterranean wild aromatic Clinopodium sandalioticum (Lamiaceae)

Abstract A germination study was carried out on seeds of Clinopodium sandalioticum (Bacch. & Brullo) Bacch. & Brullo ex Peruzzi & Conti (Lamiaceae), a wild aromatic plant endemic to Sardinia. Seeds were incubated at a range of constant (5–25°C) and an alternating temperatures regime (25/10°C), with 12 hours of irradiance per day. The results achieved at 10°C were also compared with those obtained after a period of cold stratification at 5°C for three months. Final seed germination ranged from ca. 28% (5°C) to ca. 72% (25/10°C). A base temperature for germination (Tb) of ca. 5°C and a thermal constant for 50% germination (S) of 89.3°Cd were identified and an optimal temperature for germination (To) was estimated to be comprised between 20 and 25°C. Cold stratification negatively affected seed viability and germination at 10°C. Although a typical “Mediterranean germination syndrome”, could not be detected for C. sandalioticum seeds, these results were coherent with those previously reported for other Mediterranean Lamiaceae species.
The Relationship of Students’ Thinking Level and the Ability to Develop Proposition Network Representation of Human Nervous System in Modeling Based Learning (MbL)

The purpose of this research is to reveal the relationship of thinking level with the students’ ability to form a representation of proposition network on the human nervous system concept using modeling based learning. This was quantitative research with 30 science class’ students of grade XI from one private school in Bandung as the subject research, who learned using modeling-based learning (MbL). The instruments used to measure the thinking level were 19 numbers of multiple choices and 2 essays that were developed based on Marzano and Kendall’s level thinking indicator. The result of this research shows that the thinking level of senior high school’ students has reached L3 (analysis) with minimum standard mastery ≥70. The higher the expectation of students’ thinking level, the lower the minimum standard mastery will be reached. The correlation result showS no significant relationship between thinking level and the students’ ability to form a proposition network on the study of neuron structure and function (r= 0,075; p=0,692) with low concept complexity. The significant relationship between thinking level and the ability to form proposition representation is obtained during the study of the central nervous and peripheral nervous system (r= 0,506; p= 0,004) with higher concept complexity. It means the higher students’ thinking level, the better their abilities to form a proposition network. MbL could be recommended for learning biology concept especially abstract concept like the human nervous system. This research concluded that students’ thinking level reached level 3 (analysis) and MbL can facilitate a significant relationship between thinking level and the ability to form proposition networks if the concept taught has a higher complexity compared to the lower complexity concept.
RUNNING HEAD: ADOLESCENT TRAJECTORIES OF DEPRESSION Abbreviations: GMM (Growth Mixture Modeling), LCGA (Latent Class Growth Analysis) 1 Longitudinal trajectories of depression symptoms in adolescence: Psychosocial risk factors and outcomes

Variations in symptom trajectories within a population may represent distinct groups with different etiologies and outcomes. This study aimed to identify subgroups of depression symptom trajectories in a sample of adolescents, and to describe psychosocial attributes of the different groups. In a longitudinal study, 243 adolescents (121 males and 122 females), were assessed using a battery of measures of temperament, psychopathology, and psychological and behavioral functioning. Four phases of data collection over seven years spanned average ages of the participants from 12 – 18 years old. Depressive symptoms from each phase were used to model latent class growth trajectories. A four-group solution was selected as the best-fitting model: (1) ongoing stable low levels of depression; (2) very high depressive symptoms initially, but a steep decrease in symptoms over time; (3) moderately high depressive symptoms initially, but symptoms decreased over time; and (4) initially low levels of symptoms that increased over time. Trajectory group membership was associated with a range of psychosocial variables including temperament, childhood maltreatment, and young adult quality of life. Characterising these subgroups allows for a better understanding of how the interaction of risk factors increases the likelihood of depression and other poor outcomes, and highlights the importance of early interventions to prevent and treat adolescent depression.
Prevention of fungal diseases in transgenic, bialaphos- and glufosinate-resistant creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris)

The antifungal activity of the herbicides bialaphos and glufosinate, the active moiety of bialaphos, was assessed. Bialaphos showed a higher level of in vitro antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, and Pythium aphanidermatum than glufosinate. Glufosinate suppressed the mycelial growth of R. solani and S. homoeocarpa, but it had no inhibitory effect on P. aphanidermatum up to the highest concentration in our testing regimes. Various concentrations of bialaphos solutions were applied to transgenic, bialaphos- and glufosinate-resistant creeping bentgrass inoculated with fungal pathogens. Bialaphos applications were able to significantly reduce symptomatic infection by R. solani and S. homoeocarpa on transgenic plants. Bialaphos significantly inhibited P. aphanidermatum, but not to the same degree that R. solani and S. homoeocarpa were inhibited. These results indicate that bialaphos may provide a means for the simultaneous control of weeds and fungal pathogens in turf areas with transgenic, bialaphos-resistant creeping bentgrass.
UNDERFLOOR AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM – OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS FOR COMFORT IN OFFICE ENVIRONMENTS

Comfort air conditioning systems are widely used in office buildings, particularly in big cities. Most of such systems, which uses ceiling air supply, do not present good comfort conditions, besides a lack of layout flexibility. Building performance evaluation applied to contemporary office buildings has shown that for most such buildings comfort and air quality users level satisfaction is low. About 30% of several national and international office building users demonstrate dissatisfaction with thermal conditions. These results are strong indicators that it is necessary to change design, operation and practice concepts about air conditioning systems. In order to solve these problems a laboratory facility was built at the Mechanical Engineering Department of Polytechnic School of University of São Paulo, supported by FAPESP and industries. This paper presents experimental results of this kind of system, emphasizing operational conditions to meet Fanger thermal comfort requirements adopted by ISO 7730. Measurements of thermal comfort and system conditions were done simultaneously. These data and results of users’ evaluation were used to establish project reference values, in order to provide the more appropriate conditions using underfloor air supply for comfort in office environments.
Appraisal of Vegetable Marketers’ Access to Formal and Informal Credit

ABSTRACT An effective credit system is essential for agricultural value chain development. It facilitates fulfillment of venture potential through access to appropriate technology. There is little information on credit accessibility among vegetable marketers and other participants in the value chain such as the input suppliers, processors, and transporters. Factors that drive participation of vegetable marketers in formal and informal credit sources were studied. A total of 480 retail vegetable marketers in major markets in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, were respondents. Primary data on socioeconomic characteristics, credit sources, and types of sources of credit were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logit regression. Most (83%) vegetable marketers were female and 31–40 years old (31%–67%). A minority of marketers had no formal education (38.13%) and were married (81.6%). Informal credit was accessed by 45.63% of the marketers, formal credit by 40.62%, and 13.75% had no access to any kind of credit. Marketers in the age range of 41–50 years (12.91%) had most access to formal credit; those aged 31–40 years had most access to informal credit (13.54%). Factors driving participation in formal credit were years of education, interest rate, and ease of application procedure; repayment time and ease of application influenced participation of marketers in the informal credit system. Informal credit was mostly available to marketers due to ease of application processing and repayment procedure.
Supplementation of Nodulisporium sp. KT29 induced by Vibrio harveyi as an immunostimulant for controlling vibriosis in vannamei white shrimp under marine culture system

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Nodulisporium sp. KT29 supplementation with variousVibrio harveyi induction in feed against vibriosis in vannamei white shrimp. The study design included KP (positivecontrol without supplementation Nodulisporium sp. KT29 and infected with V. harveyi), KN (negative controlswithout Nodulisporium sp. KT29 and infected with physiological solution), NT (treatment of supplementationNodulisporium sp KT29 20 mL/kg and infected with V. harveyi), NM (treatment of supplementation testNodulisporium sp. KT29 induction of V. harveyi dead cell 20 mL/kg and infected V. harveyi), NH (treatment ofsupplementation Nodulisporium sp. KT29 induction of V. harveyi live cell 20 mL/kg and infected with V. harveyi). The study parameters included inhibition zone, resistance, immune responses, and hemolim glucose. The resultsshowed Nodulisporium sp. KT29 with induction treatment raised antibacterial activity with best treatment of NMand NH (P<0.05). The results of V. harveyi infection resistance presented NM treatment of 20 mL/kg increasesurvival in vannamei shrimp reached 72.2% (P<0.05). In addition, the same treatment increase the immuneresponse activity and decrease the activity of hemolim glucose. It could be concluded that providing NM 20 mLtreatment boosted the resistance and the immune system in vaname shrimp to control vibriosis reared at the sea.Keywords: antibacterial, β-glucan, induced, Nodulisporium sp. KT29, Vibrio harveyi ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengevaluasi efektivitas suplementasi Nodulisporium sp. KT29 dengan berbagai perlakuaninduksi Vibrio harveyi dalam pakan terhadap pengendalian vibriosis pada udang vaname yang dibudidayakan dilaut. Rancangan penelitian meliputi KP (kontrol positif tanpa suplementasi Nodulisporium sp. KT29 dan diinfeksiV. harveyi), KN (kontrol negatif tanpa Nodulisporium sp. KT29 dan diinfeksi larutan fisiologis), NT (perlakuanuji suplementasi Nodulisporium sp. KT29 20 mL/kg dan diinfeksi V. harveyi), NM (perlakuan uji suplementasiNodulisporium sp. KT29 diinduksi sel mati V. harveyi 20 mL/kg dan diinfeksi V. harveyi), NH (perlakuan ujisuplementasi Nodulisporium sp. KT29 induksi sel hidup V. harveyi 20 mL/kg dan diinfeksi V. harveyi). Parameterpenelitian meliputi zona hambat, resistensi, respons imun, dan glukosa hemolim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanNodulisporium sp. KT29 dengan perlakuan induksi dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri dengan perlakuanterbaik NM dan NH (P<0.05). Hasil pengamatan resistensi infeksi V. harveyi menunjukkan perlakuan NM 20 mL/kg dapat meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup pada udang vaname mencapai 72.2% (P<0.05). Perlakuan yang samajuga meningkatkan respons imun dan menurunkan aktivitas glukosa hemolim. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberianNM 20 mL dapat meningkatkan resistensi dan sistem imun udang vaname terhadap pengendalian vibriosis di laut.Kata kunci : antibakteri, β-glucan, induksi, Nodulisporium sp. KT29, Vibrio harveyi,
Guar gum and isubgol as cost-effective alternative gelling agents for in vitro multiplication of an orchid, Dendrobium chrysotoxum

Guar gum (isolated from the endosperms of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and isubgol (husk derived from Plantago ovata seeds) have been successfully used as exclusive gelling agents for in vitro multiplication of an orchid, Dendrobium chrysotoxum from leaf and protocorm explants. The explants were cultured on Mitra's medium supplemented with 2% sucrose, 1 g l - 1 peptone and gelled with either 0.9% agar, 3% guar gum or 3% isubgol. The medium used for leaf explants contained 1 mg l - 1 BA. Both the alternative gelling agents supported differentiation of protocorm-like bodies and their growth into shoots two and half to threefold higher than agar.
Kinosternon acutum (Gray 1831) – Tabasco Mud Turtle, Montera, Chechagua de Monte

062.1 Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group A.G. J. Rhodin, P.C. H. Pritchard, P.P. van Dijk, R.A. Saumure, K.A. Buhlmann, J.B. Iverson, and R.A. Mittermeier, Eds. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5. 062.acutum. v1.2011 © 2011 by Chelonian Research Foundation • Published 31 December 2011
Street Gang Intervention: Review and Good Lives Extension

Tackling street gangs has recently been highlighted as a priority for public health. In this paper, the four components of a public health approach were reviewed: (1) surveillance, (2) identifying risk and protective factors, (3) developing and evaluating interventions at primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary intervention stages, and (4) implementation of evidence-based programs. Findings regarding the effectiveness of prevention and intervention programs for street gang members were mixed, with unclear goals/objectives, limited theoretical foundation, and a lack of consistency in program implementation impeding effectiveness at reducing street gang involvement. This paper proposes that the Good Lives Model (GLM), a strengths-based framework for offender rehabilitation, provides an innovative approach to street gang intervention. Utilizing approach-goals, the GLM assumes that improving an individual’s internal skills and external opportunities will reduce the need to become involved in street gangs. Wrapping the GLM framework around current evidence-based interventions (e.g., Functional Family Therapy) increases client engagement and motivation to change, which is notably poor amongst those at risk of, or involved in, street gangs.
In Vitro Culture of Cinchona Ledgeriana L.

SummaryIn vitro cultures of Cinchona ledgeriana were established from seedling stock grown on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium. The addition of phloroglucinol to the medium promoted growth and, within the range 40·5 to 181·5 mg 1-1, there was no permanent effect of concentration on the growth promotion.