Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study on the correlation between foot length and height of an individual and to derive regression formulae to estimate the height from foot length of an individual

Background: To find out the correlation between foot length and height of an individual and to derive regression formulae to estimate the height from foot length of an individual. Methods: This was a prospective comparative study. A total of 640 bilateral footprints collected from 320 adult volunteers of ages ranging between 25 and 50 years old. Foot Prints, foot length, Stature and height were recorded as per standard methods. Results: The mean age (year) was 38.43±7.63, Stature (cm) mean of male and female was 162.75±6.03, Left Foot Breadth (cm) was 8.90±0.92, Right Foot Breadth (cm) was 8.88±0.82, Left Foot length (cm) was 23.70±2.41 and Right Foot length (cm) was 23.68±2.41. The stature-mean ranges from 20.21±1.25 to 23.70±2.1 cm. First toe-heel footprint length measurement (PLT1, PRT1) was found to be the longest in both right and left sides (23.70±2.1; 23.68±1.32) and Fifth toe-heel footprint length measurement (PLT5, PRT5) was found to be the shortest in both right and left sides (20.60±1.3; 20.21±1.25). For males, the highest correlation coefficient was noted for PLT5 (0.524) and the lowest correlation coefficient noted was for PLT1 (0.581) and for females the highest correlation coefficient was noted for PLT5 (0.585) and the lowest correlation coefficient noted was for PLT1 (0.611). Hence, statistically significant correlation coefficients exist between stature and all footprint length measurements. With regard to the coefficient of determination (R2), the predictive accuracy is found to be statistically significant for stature estimation. Conclusions: Foot length in males and females shows highest correlation with stature and minimum standard error in the estimation of stature. So, the foot length provided the highest reliability and accuracy in estimating stature. The left foot length gives better prediction of stature than the right foot. The prediction of height is better in case of females in comparison to males.
Transformational leadership and teacher well-being: A systematic review

Teachers play a significant role and face diverse challenges everyday, therefore escalating the research of teacher well-being and its factors, with leadership being one of them. This review aims to summarize the findings focusing on the differences and teacher’s perspectives on teacher well-being and transformational leadership in schools. The review consists of peer reviewed articles from 2012 to 2021, with kindergarten to high school teachers as participants. Several databases were used, which are Scopus, Science Direct, PsycInfo, World of Science (WoS) Journal, PubMed, SAGE journals, Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC), and Garuda. Articles were selected using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and 10 were included in the qualitative synthesis. Studies showed that transformational leadership positively correlated with teacher well-being. Research regarding the efficiency of transformational leadership’s each aspect in increasing teacher well-being can be interesting to study in the future.
Studying the emerging global brain: Analyzing and visualizing the impact of co-authorship teams

This article introduces a suite of approaches and measures to study the impact of co-authorship teams based on the number of publications and their citations on a local and global scale. In particular, we present a novel weighted graph representation that encodes coupled author-paper networks as a weighted co-authorship graph. This weighted graph representation is applied to a dataset that captures the emergence of a new field of science and comprises 614 articles published by 1036 unique authors between 1974 and 2004. To characterize the properties and evolution of this field, we first use four different measures of centrality to identify the impact of authors. A global statistical analysis is performed to characterize the distribution of paper production and paper citations and its correlation with the co-authorship team size. The size of co-authorship clusters over time is examined. Finally, a novel local, author-centered measure based on entropy is applied to determine the global evolution of the field and the identification of the contribution of a single author’s impact across all of its co-authorship relations. A visualization of the growth of the weighted co-author network, and the results obtained from the statistical analysis indicate a drift toward a more cooperative, global collaboration process as the main drive in the production of scientific knowledge. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 10: 57– 67, 2005
Finiteness of ⋃e⋃e Ass Fe(M)Fe(M) and its connections to tight closure

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring of prime characteristic p and let M be an R-module. In this paper we investigate the sets S e Ass F e (M) and S e Ass G e (M) where F e () is the Peskine-Szpiro functor and G e (M) is F e (M) modulo the tight closure of 0 in F e (M). We show that if either of these sets has finitely many maximal elements, we can impose some restrictions on a possible counter-example for the commutativity of localization and tight closure. The last section of this paper constructs an example which shows that S e Ass F e (M) may have infinitely many maximal elements. The question of whether S e Ass G e (M) may have infinitely many
with ' atientsp among Effect of Designed Life Style Modification Program on Outcomes Ischemic Heart Disease

Background: lifestyle modification is most important in the management of ischemic heart disease patients. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing a designed lifestyle modification program on outcomes among patients ' with ischemic heart disease. Design: Quasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study. Setting: The study was carried out at Coronary Care Unit and cardiology out-patient clinics at Benha University Hospital. Subjects: Purposive sample of ischemic heart disease (100) patients who was admitted in the mentioned setting of the study during six months. Tools: Two tools were used. Tool (I): Structured interviewing questionnaire included three parts; demographic characteristics, health history and assessment of patients’ knowledge regarding ischemic heart disease. Tool (II): Patients' clinical outcomes to evaluate patients' outcomes regarding IHD. Results: (99%) of studied patients had poor total knowledge level regarding ischemic heart disease at pre lifestyle modification program implementation, while immediately post implementation (79%) of them had good level of knowledge and after three months there was slightly decline in their level of knowledge (55%), after three months with a highly statistically significant (p≤0.001). Total (100%) of studied patients had unhealthy lifestyle behavior preprogram implementation, however, post one month implementation (90%) of them had healthy lifestyle behavior, while post three months slight increase in healthy lifestyle behavior was observed (96%). Conclusion: Lifestyle modification program effectively improved patients' knowledge and lifestyle practice among ischemic heart disease patients post lifestyle modification program implementation than pre. And there was highly statistically significant correlation between total patients' knowledge about lifestyle modification and their clinical outcomes. Recommendation: Continuous education and training program regarding lifestyle modification for IHD patients.
Uterine Prognostic Significance of Bcl-2 Expression in Leiomyosarcoma of the Uterus

smooth muscle tumours are the most common neoplasm in the female genital tract. They are histologically classified into several subtypes: usual leiomyoma (UL), cellular leiomyoma (CL), bizarre leiomyoma (BL), smooth muscle tumours of uncertain malignant potential (UMP) and leiomyosarcoma (LMS). Benign smooth muscle tumours are common in the uterus, but LMS is a rare tumour, accounting for only about 1.3% of all uterine malignancies (Zaloudek et al, 1994). Uterine LMS usually exhibits an extremely malignant clinical course. The risk of local recurrence and metastasis is high in LMS and the reported 5-year survival rate in cases of uterine LMS is only 12–25% (Zaloudek et al, 1994). The marked difference in prevalence seen between leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma of the uterus suggests that different mechanisms may underlie the development of these two kinds of smooth muscle tumours. Alterations in a number of oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes, resulting in an imbalance between cellular proliferation and programmed cell death (apoptosis), are required for tumour progression (Korsmeyer et al, 1992; Kerr et al, 1994). It has been reported that both overexpression and mutation of tumour-suppressor gene p53 are exhibited by uterine LMSs but not by leiomyomas (de Vos et al, 1994; Jeffers et al, 1995; Zhai et al, 1998), suggesting that a loss of p53 function is implicated in the pathogenesis of LMSs. The wild-type p53 inhibits cell cycling, in cooperation with cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors such as p21 and p27, and induces apoptosis (Yonish-Rouach et al, 1991; Shaw et al, 1992; Hartwell et al, 1994). By contrast, mutant p53 can inhibit apoptosis and stimulate cell division and proliferation (Lotem et al, 1993). Mutation or overexpression of p53 is found increasingly as the stage of the disease advances, implying that p53 alterations occur late in tumour development (Pollock et al, 1996). Moreover, it has been reported that p53 overexpression correlates with a poor prognosis in a number of malignancies It is known that bcl-2, as well as p53, is involved in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis (Williams et al, 1991). The bcl-2 proto-oncogene encodes a 26 kDa protein mainly localized in mitochon-drial membranes and this bcl-2 protein has been shown to prolong cell survival by inhibiting the apoptotic processes induced by many anticancer drugs, radiation and DNA-damaging agents, processes that are mediated by p53 Wang et al, 1993). bcl-2 expression has been demonstrated in a variety of human cancers (Colombel et al, 1993; Joensuu et …
Anomalous Dissipation, Spontaneous Stochasticity & Onsager's Conjecture

Turbulence displays a number of remarkable features. It is a super dissipator, able to efficiently deplete its energy without the direct aid of viscosity. Non-vanishing energy dissipation in the limit of zero viscosity is termed anomalous dissipation and it is so fundamental to our modern understanding that it is ofter referred to as the “zeroth law of turbulence”. Turbulent fluids are also exceptionally strong mixers, capable of very rapidly separating nearby particles within the flow. This is related to the phenomenon of spontaneous stochasticity, or the non-uniqueness of Lagrangian particle trajectories at infinite Reynolds number. Though seemingly distinct, these features are conjectured to be closely connected: “There seems to be a strong relation between the behavior of the Lagrangian trajectories and the basic hydrodynamic properties of developed turbulent flows: we expect the appearance of non-unique trajectories for Re → ∞ to be responsible for the dissipative anomaly, the direct energy cascade, the dissipation of higher conserved quantities and the pertinence of weak solutions of hydrodynamical equations at Re =∞. ” — K. Gawȩdzki & M. Vergassola (2000) This dissertation contains detailed and mathematically rigorous investigations of these properties of turbulence for number of hydrodynamic models, with a particular ii
Non-perturbative QCD correlation functions

Functional methods provide access to the non-perturbative regime of quantum chromo- dynamics. Hence, they allow investigating confinement and chiral symmetry breaking. In this dissertation, correlation functions of Yang-Mills theory and unquenched two-flavor QCD are computed from the functional renormalization group. Employing a self-consistent vertex expansion of the effective action, Yang-Mills correlation functions are obtained in four as well as in three spacetime dimensions. To this end, confinement and Slavnov-Taylor identities are discussed. Our numerical results show very good agreement with corresponding lattice results. Next, unquenched two-flavor QCD is considered where it is shown that the unquenched two-flavor gluon propagator is insensitive to the pion mass. Furthermore, the necessity for consistent truncations is emphasized. Finally, correlation functions of finite-temperature Yang-Mills theory are computed in a truncation that includes the splitting of the gluon field into directions that are transverse and longitudinal to the heat bath. In particular, it includes the splitting of the three- and four-gluon vertices. The obtained gluon propagator allows to extract a Debye screening mass that coincides with the hard thermal loop screening mass at high temperatures, but is meaningful also at temperatures below the phase transition temperature.
STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER GEOMETRY AND INJECTION PRESSURE ON BIODIESEL COMBUSTION

Combustion of biodiesels has inherent problems due to their high viscosity and low volatility. This paper relates the modification of engine combustion chamber design, for inducing turbulence to improve the combustibility of combustible mixture. A survey of literature shows that experimental studies have not been done on a tri-chambered piston for evaluating influence on the performance and emission characteristics using diesel blends as well. The objective of this work is to study the effect of combustion chamber geometry and injection pressure on performance and emissions of a biodiesel (Jatropha) fuelled multi-chambered piston diesel engine. The performance and emission characteristics were studied and it has been noticed that for the engine under consideration 200 bar injection pressure gives optimum performance.
The SCUBA Half Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) – IX. The environment, mass and redshift dependence of star formation

We present a comparison between the SCUBA (Submillimetre Common User Bolometer Array) Half Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) at 450 and 850 μm in the Lockman Hole East with a deep Spitzer Space Telescope survey at 3.6–24 μm conducted in guaranteed time. Using stacking analyses we demonstrate a striking correspondence between the galaxies contributing the submm extragalactic background light, with those likely to dominate the backgrounds at Spitzer wavelengths. Using a combination BRIzK plus Spitzer photometric redshifts, we show that at least a third of the Spitzer-identified submm galaxies at 1 < z < 1.5 appear to reside in overdensities when the density field is smoothed at 0.5–2 Mpc comoving diameters, supporting the high-redshift reversal of the local star formation–galaxy density relation. We derive the dust-shrouded cosmic star formation history of galaxies as a function of assembled stellar masses. For model stellar masses <1011 M⊙, this peaks at lower redshifts than the ostensible z∼ 2.2 maximum for submm point sources, adding to the growing consensus for ‘downsizing’ in star formation. Our surveys are also consistent with ‘downsizing’ in mass assembly. Both the mean star formation rates 〈dM*/dt〉 and specific star formation rates 〈(1/M*) d M*/d t〉 are in striking disagreement with some semi-analytic predictions from the Millenium Simulation. The discrepancy could either be resolved with a top-heavy initial mass function, or a significant component of the submm flux heated by the interstellar radiation field.
Assessment and student learning: a fundamental relationship and the role of information and communication technologies

This paper reviews the role of assessment in student learning and its relationship with the use of information and communication technologies (ICT). There is ample evidence of technology‐led innovations failing to achieve the transformations expected by educators. We draw upon existing research to illustrate the links between aspects of student learning, assessment practices and the use of ICT. Assessment influences not only what parts of a course get studied, but also how those parts are studied. While the adoption of ICT does not, in itself, change student behaviours, appropriately designed assessment that exploits the potential of ICT can change students’ approaches to learning. We argue that ICT can enable important learning outcomes to be achieved, but these must be underpinned by an assessment strategy that cues students to adopt a suitable approach to learning.
Sharp upper estimate conjecture for the Yau number of a weighted homogeneous isolated hypersurface singularity

: Let V be a hypersurface with an isolated singularity at the origin deﬁned by the function of f : ( C n , 0) → ( C , 0). Let L ( V ) be the Lie algebra of derivations of the moduli algebra A ( V ) := C { x 1 , · · · , x n } / ( f, ∂f/∂x 1 , · · · , ∂f/∂x n ). It is known that L ( V ) is a ﬁnite dimensional solvable Lie algebra ( [Ya1], [Ya2]). L ( V ) is called the Yau algebra of V in [Yu] and [Khi] in order to distinguish from Lie algebras of other types appearing in singularity theory ([AVZ], [AM], [BY]). dim L ( V ) is called Yau number in [EK],[Khi]. This number is an analytic invariant. In case V is a weighted homogeneous singularity, it is a natural question whether Yau number can be bounded by a number which depends only on the weight. In this paper we formulate a sharp upper estimate conjecture for the Yau number of weighted homogeneous isolated hypersurface singularities. We prove this conjecture for a large class of singularities.
Peer Bullies and Victims’ Perceptions of Moral Transgression versus Morally-Aimed Dishonesty

Previous studies suggest that people judge moral violation (interpersonal injustice of unprovoked harm) to be more serious, wrong, and punishable than acts of dishonesty and lying, thus classifying morality as a super-ordinate principle to acts of honesty. The present study examined whether or not the observed pattern of subordination of honesty to the moral principle of interpersonal harm would remain the same or change among aggressive (peer bullies), passive (bully victims) youths and those who are neither bullies nor bully victims. Two questionnaires were administered to examine the reasoning of 166 adolescents (9 to 12 grades), with self-identified experiences of having been peer bullies, bully victims, or neither bullies or victims, about moral transgressions (MT, involving gratuitous and deliberate harm to others) and morally-aimed dishonesty (MAD, involving lying or breaking promises to prevent unprovoked harm to others). Adolescents altogether viewed moral transgressions (MT), in comparison to morally-aimed transgressions (MAD), as less right and less subject to personal autonomy. Regression analysis, however, revealed that bullies more positively endorsed MT as a right act and judged MT acts to be subject to greater personal discretion of the protagonist. By contrast, victims more positively endorsed MAD as a right act, but victims’ judgments of MAD being subject to the protagonist’s personal discretion were nonsignificant. The results imply that the bullies minimize the inherent consequential harm in the straightforward moral transgressions and overextend protagonists’ discretion in the transgressions. Victims, on the other hand, minimize protagonists’ personal realm of legitimate autonomy utilized in judging multi-faceted moral dilemma.
Estudio de las actitudes hacia las Matemáticas en estudiantes universitarios

In this paper we assess the student’s attitudes towards Mathematics with 483 students of the Pre-School Education Degree (PSED) and Computer Science Degree (CSD). We apply a questionnaire, compare attitudes in both degrees and analyze the influence of the variables “Form of access to the degree and “”Age”. Results show statistically significant differences between degrees as far as student’s conceptualization of attitudes. As far as the dimension “Perception of the teacher by the student”, common to both degrees, we get, in CSD, that “Form of Access” as well as “Age” affects, and that both factors interact. In PSED it just affects “Form of Access”.
Targeted treatment of psoriasis with adalimumab: a critical appraisal based on a systematic review of the literature

: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting 2% to 3% of the population in Western countries. Psoriasis is associated with limited quality of life, cardiovascular disease, and depression. The approval of injectable biological agents has revolutionized the management of moderate to severe psoriasis. Adalimumab is a human monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha approved for moderate-to-severe plaque-type psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This systematic review summarizes the evidence concerning the efficacy, clinical effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of adalimumab in the treatment of psoriasis. Five randomized controlled trials demonstrated the efficacy of adalimumab in moderate-to-severe plaque-type psoriasis and PsA with PASI-75 response rates of 53% to 80% and ACR-20 response rates of 39% to 58% after 12 to 16 weeks of treatment. In clinical practice patients who have not responded to one TNF antagonist may respond to another TNF antagonist. Adalimumab has similar or better cost-effectiveness than other biologics, but is less efficient than methotrexate and cyclosporine. Adalimumab is generally well tolerated. Patients should be evaluated for active/latent tuberculosis, serious infections, and other contraindications prior to initiation of adalimumab therapy. Future studies should investigate the comparative efficacy of adalimumab and other biologic and prebiologic agents. Recently established registries will yield additional data on the effectiveness and long-term safety of adalimumab.
The Great Dimming of Betelgeuse: A Surface Mass Ejection and Its Consequences

The bright supergiant, Betelgeuse (Alpha Orionis, HD 39801), underwent a historic optical dimming during 2020 January 27–February 13. Many imaging and spectroscopic observations across the electromagnetic spectrum were obtained prior to, during, and subsequent to this dimming event. These observations of Betelgeuse reveal that a substantial surface mass ejection (SME) occurred and moved out through the extended atmosphere of the supergiant. A photospheric shock occurred in 2019 January–March, progressed through the extended atmosphere of the star during the following 11 months and led to dust production in the atmosphere. Resulting from the substantial mass outflow, the stellar photosphere was left with lower temperatures and the chromosphere with a lower density. The mass ejected could represent a significant fraction of the total annual mass-loss rate from the star suggesting that episodic mass-loss events can contribute an amount comparable to that of the stellar wind. Following the SME, Betelgeuse was left with a cooler average photosphere, an unusual short photometric oscillation, reduced velocity excursions, and the disappearance of the ∼400 day pulsation in the optical and radial velocity for more than two years following the Great Dimming.