Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attitude of European car drivers towards electric vehicles: a survey

CO2 emissions from road transport have risen significantly in the past and projections show that they will continue to rise in the future if no adequate policy measures are implemented. Several European initiatives aim at reducing CO2 emissions from passenger vehicles. A potential option to reduce passenger vehicle CO2 emissions is the deployment of electric vehicles (EV). Consumer perception and willingness to purchase these new vehicle technologies lies at the heart of its successful large scale diffusion. This report aims at describing and analyzing how car drivers in the six countries France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, and United Kingdom consider electric cars, how familiar they are with the electric car concept and its main features. It investigates, which features of EVs people consider essential in terms of propensity to consider electric cars a realistic alternative in case they wanted to purchase a new car. 600 drivers on average per each of the six Member States responded to the questionnaire. As a result we derive an ‘‘ideal’’ composition of an electric car in terms of car purchase price, range, re-charge time and maximum speed. The perspective of the European car drivers, as derived from this study, highlights the importance of further R&D investments to improve some of the performance characteristics of electric vehicles. It provides some guidance which performance aspects matter most for car drivers, notably costs and range. The study finds that the familiarity of car drivers with the electric vehicle aspects is lower when direct exposure or driving experience would be needed to properly assess these aspects. This stresses the need of demonstration activities in order to increase public awareness of electro-mobility and also to receive first hand feedback from car drivers on their experience operating an electric vehicle. A majority of the respondents considers that public incentives are needed to foster a wider market deployment of electric vehicles. Furthermore the study shows that an adequate re-charge network is perceived as crucial by car drivers. It can be concluded that European car drivers see the opportunities that electric vehicles could offer but that a number of pre-requisites need to be fulfilled in order to ensure that the car drivers can consider electric vehicles as a credible vehicle choice.
Man–made noise power measurements at VHF and UHF frequencies

Man-made noise generated by automotive ignition, power distribution and transmission, industrial equipment, consumer products, and lighting systems degrades the performance of radio systems. Man-made noise models, derived from measurements made in the 1970s, may be inaccurate due to changes in these technologies. For example, recent man-made noise measurements performed by ITS in the 136 to 138 MHz meteorological satellite band indicated that man-made noise power in residential areas is lower than predictions by these models. However, these same measurements indicated that man-made noise in business areas has not changed. UHF man-made noise has not been comprehensively measured and modeled. This report describes UHF man-made noise measurements conducted in the Denver, CO metropolitan area in 1999. Measurement data is analyzed and results are compared to other measurements and models. These results showed that 402.5 MHz UHF noise levels in business areas were high enough to adversely affect communication system performance some of the time.
Training, testing and licensing of drivers of public service vehicles : their implications for compliance with traffic regulations in the city of Nairobi, Kenya

The objective of this study was to find out how far training, testing and licensing of paratransit public service vehicle (PSV) drivers ensured their compliance with road safety regulations. Fifty two (52) drivers were sampled and interviewed from 13 routes situated along four major corridors in the City of Nairobi. About two-thirds (61.5%) of the drivers reported having lowly complied with traffic regulations. The PSV industry was dominated by SACCOS/companysole proprietor type of organization and operations characterized by setting of target amount of money to be given to the operator each day and casual employment with daily wage and no other benefits. More of the drivers who had attended professional schools or refresher courses, those who were older and those who had served for more years tended to comply with traffic regulations. Establishment of PSV schools with standard syllabus, introduction of hybrid system with BRT operating on major corridors and contracted to better performing SACCOs/companies and employing better qualified drivers will improve compliance with traffic regulations.
CARBON EMISSION DISCLOSURE IN INDONESIAN FIRMS: THE TEST OF MEDIA-EXPOSURE MODERATING EFFECTS

Carbon emission disclosure serves to justify firms’ sustainable business endeavors. This study contributes to the minor discussions of this topic in the context of Indonesian. The role of media exposure to moderate the firms’ size, profitability, leverage, and environmental performance toward carbon emission uses is also inadequately addressed in previous studies. This study aims to fill these discrepancies by investigating financial statement data of firms listed in the Jakarta Islamic Index, Indonesia (JII), from 2012 to 2016, employing moderated regression techniques. All direct relationships are significant. The media exposure significantly moderates firms’ size and leverage, but not to profitability and environmental performance. We also discuss several considerations with environmental disclosure issues in Islamic Index along with its implications.
Information Extraction from Multifaceted Unstructured Big Data

In the era of digital globalization, huge volume and variety of data are being produced at a very high rate. Every day, the world is producing around 2.5 quintillion bytes of data. According to IDC, by 2020, over 40 zettabytes of data will be generated and reproduced. Digital data have become a deluge, overwhelming in every field of information technology (IT), business, science and engineering. These fields are shifting to smart and advanced technologies such as smart manufacturing industries, data-aware medical sciences, and other smart applications. These applications are facilitating the industries in context of data-driven decision making, big data storage, and complex analysis of large data sets. Also, these applications are contributing to generate big data deluge where a variety of data necessitate the industries to use advanced IT approaches. 95% of the digital universe is unstructured data. It is rich data as it contains information that can play a vital role to improve big data analytics. The heterogeneity, complexity, lack of structured information, poor quality and scalability of unstructured data generates difficulties in adapting traditional information extraction techniques. Information extraction can play a vital role in transformation of unstructured data into useful information. A multistep pipeline with data preprocessing steps, extraction methods and representation are utmost requirement to improve the unstructured data analytics. In this regard, this paper presents a short review of information extraction process w.r. t. input data type, extraction methods with their corresponding techniques, and representation of extracted information. The issues with unstructured data and the challenges to information extraction from multifaceted unstructured big data as well as the future research directions have also been discussed
A practice‐oriented estimation of the failure probability of building structures

In the presented practice‐oriented probabilistic approach for the seismic performance assessment of building structures, the SAC‐FEMA method, which is a part of the broader PEER probabilistic framework and permits probability assessment in closed form, is combined with the pushover‐based N2 method. The most demanding part of the PEER probabilistic framework, that is incremental dynamic analysis, is replaced by the much simpler N2 method, which requires considerably less input data and much less computational time, but which can, nevertheless, often provide: acceptable estimates for the mean values of the structural response. Using some additional simplifying assumptions that are consistent with seismic code procedures, an explicit equation for a quick estimation of the annual probability of “failure” (i.e. the probability of exceeding the near collapse limit state) of a structure can be derived, which is appropriate for practical applications, provided that predetermined default values for the dispersion measures are available. In the paper, this simplified approach is summarized and applied to the estimation of the “failure” probability of reinforced concrete frame buildings representing both old structures, not designed for earthquake resistance, and new structures designed according to Eurocode 8. The results of the analyses indicate a high probability of the “failure” of buildings, which have not been designed for seismic loads. For a building designed according to a modern code, the conservatively determined probability of “failure” is about 30 times less but still significant (about 1% over the lifetime of the structure). Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An experimental study of the design and overload capacity of structural grillages subjected to ice loads

It is well known that the design limit states for plating and framing of Polar Class ships are based on simplified plastic collapse mechanisms which ignore the beneficial effect of membrane stress and strain hardening; therefore, real structure will have a substantial reserve capacity beyond the design point. However, it is challenging to quantitatively estimate the level of the reserve capacity. Significant research efforts have been carried out to further understand the interaction between ice and ship structures. However, most experimental studies of structural response have used steel plates or rigid indenters for ice loading rather than real ice. Similarly most ice crushing tests use rigid indenters to crush ice as opposed to compliant structures. However, while the results of previous experiments and simulations well present post-yield behavior of the grillage with rigid indenter, there was no insight in terms of the interaction between ice and ship structures. In this study, laboratory grown conical shaped ice samples (1 m diameter) were used to load structural grillages, typical of a transversely framed 10,000 ton Ice Class PC6 midbody ice belt arrangement, well beyond its yield point and design point. This allowed for investigation into structural deformation considering the failure of ice. Two large grillages (named #1 and #2 respectively) were tested with ice specimens in a quasi-static condition (0.5 mm per second). The tests on Grillage #1 were performed in two load steps at identical loading positions in the midspan of the central stiffener and aimed at studying the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the grillage. The tests on Grillage #2 were carried out in three load steps at different loading positions along the span of the central stiffener; right off-centre (330 mm away from the centre), centre, and left off-centre (330 mm away from the centre). The varying locations of Grillage #2 tests were intended to investigate the effect of damage at nearby locations on capacity of the structure. These experiments suggest that local deformations of up to 11 % of the frame span and prior deformations nearby loading locations will not compromise the overall strength of the ship. A finite element (FE) model was developed to analyze the experiments numerically. The load-deflection curves and deformation shapes measured by the MicroScribe® were used to validate the numerical results. The FE analysis results show strong agreement with the physical experiments and demonstrate that FE model can be used for analysis of an ice-strengthened ship structures subjected to extreme ice loading. This thesis describes the procedure of the large grillage tests, discusses the results and pressure-area relationships, and compares against non-linear finite element analysis in conjunction with load-deflection curves and deformed shapes of the grillage. Each chapter presents several plots of data obtained from the experiments and uses photos to support the discussion of the results.
Younan-Veletsos retaining wall: The exact solution

The assessment of forces exerted on walls by the backfill is a recurrent problem in Geotechnical Engineering, owing to its relevance for both retaining systems and underground structures. In particular, the work by Veletsos and Younan becomes pertinent when considering pressure increments on underground structures triggered by seismic events. These scholars furnished the first satisfactory engineering solution corresponding to a simple configuration, which has become a milestone in the field. This paper presents the exact solution to this reference problem. The solution is given in horizontal wavenumber domain, hence it comes in terms of inverse Fourier transforms, which in turn are verified against finite-element simulations. Specific features of this exact solution that were not captured by prior engineering approximations are highlighted and discussed.
Founding-family-controlled firms, intergenerational succession, and firm value

Abstract Using a unique, hand-collected data sample and panel-data econometric techniques, we analyse the impact of founding-family control and intergenerational succession on the value of Chilean listed companies. After controlling for firm- and ownership-specific characteristics, we find an inverse U-shaped relationship between a founding family’s degree of ownership and firm value. Hence, family ownership at first increases firm value. However, when family ownership exceeds a threshold of about 38 percent of outstanding shares, the family takes advantage of its power in the firm and extracts wealth from minority shareholders. Further, if the founder of the company is the CEO or chairman of the board, firm value increases. However, family businesses with a subsequent-generation owner-manager destroy value.
Prediction and control of sound transmission through honeycomb sandwich panels for aircraft fuselage and train floors

Composite sandwich structures with honeycomb cores are increasingly considered as an alternative to aluminium for aircraft fuselages. Technical benefits include lower density, higher strength and greater fatigue resistance. The ability of composite materials to inexpensively be formed into complex shapes allows part count reductions and substantial cost savings. For railway carbodies, metal honeycomb sandwich panels are common in door panels and for interior floors. For floors the drivers are low weight, good moisture properties, fire resistance combined with high stiffness. Despite these advantages, sandwich structures may exhibit increased sound transmission compared to homogenous structures. Appropriate choice of core materials will reduce the need for subsequent noise control measures. In this paper it is shown how a physical understanding for the wave transmission phenomena together with modern prediction software, can be used to achieve designs that satisfy both acoustical and structural requirements. Calculated wavenumbers and transmission losses are compared to measurements for composite sandwich panels with honeycomb cores, treated and un-treated with damping layers. Modeling concepts as well as the potential for insertion losses due to added damping are discussed.
FARMER SATISFACTION ANALYSIS ON RICE FARMING INSURANCE PROGRAM IN TEGAL REGENCY

Farmers satisfaction in joining Rice Farming Insurance illustrates the program performance. The satisfaction of Rice Farming Insurance program can be measured through some attributes of satisfaction. Satisfaction attributes are assessed ranging from dissatisfied to very satisfied. This research aimed to determine the level of farmer satisfaction on Rice Farming Insurance program. This research was conducted in January – February 2020. Slovin method used for sampling method with total sample of 100 respondent, consist of 53 respondents were taken in Dukuhwaru District and 47 respondents were taken in Warureja District using proportional allocation. Locations in this research was choose with purposive method. Importance Performance Analysis and Customer Satisfaction Index were used to analyze. The result showed that Farmers were satisfied with the implementation of the Rice Farming Insurance program with CSI score of 79%. The attributes that need to be improved are the compensation requirements, the amount of coverage, the submission procedure, reviewing, and payment procedure of claims, and the time of approval and payment of claims. Those attributes were considered important by farmers yet still have low performance.
Interconnect Analysis and Synthesis

From the Publisher: State-of-the-art methods and current perspectives on interconnect The irrepressible march toward smaller and faster integrated circuits has made interconnect a hot topic for semiconductor research. The effects of wire size, topology construction, and network design on system performance and reliability have all been thoroughly investigated in recent years. Interconnect Analysis and Synthesis provides CAD researchers and engineers with powerful, state-of-the-art tools for the analysis, design, and optimization of interconnect. It brings together a wealth of information previously scattered throughout the literature, explaining in depth available analysis techniques and presenting a range of CAD algorithms for synthesizing and optimizing interconnect. Along with examples and results from the semiconductor industry and 150 illustrations, this practical work features: *Models for interconnect as well as devices and the impact of scaling trends *Modern analysis techniques, from matrix reduction and moment matching to transmission-line analysis *An overview of the effects of inductance on on-chip interconnect *Flexible CAD algorithms that can be generalized for different needs, from buffer insertion to wire sizing to routing topology *Emphasis on realistic problem formulations, addressing key design tradeoffs such as those between area and performance
Evacuation Simulation of Passengers in Railway Tunnels

In this paper, we have studied the influence of rail vehicle and rail tunnel characteristics on passenger behavior during evacuation. We have looked at influences of vehicle type, vehicle load, calamity location, escape path width, escape door capacity, distance between escape doors and passenger walking speed on total evacuation time. Using the microscopic simulation tool Nomad, we have calculated evacuation times for different scenarios. In each scenario, a single tunnel or vehicle characteristic is changed. The evacuation time of this scenario is then compared to the reference scenario to show its influence. Repeating this for a range of values for different parameters leads to relations between parameters and evacuation time. These relations may be used by designers of rail tunnels to predict evacuation times, as is shown with an example in this paper.
Rethinking anti-corruption efforts in international development

Purpose Corruption is commonly seen as a primary impediment to economic development, and its eradication has therefore featured high on development agendas. Most anti-corruption efforts in international development however fail. This paper aims to review recent attempts to unpack the “black box” of corruption to better understand its functioning in developing countries and find ways to combat corruption effectively. Design/methodology/approach The study has been undertaken through a comparative literature and case analysis of some of the primary findings within the field of anti-corruption in international development of the past decade. Findings The research finds that the black-and-white conceptualisation of corruption as an impediment to economic development, which is dominant in development circles, commonly fails to understand corruption as an alternative form of problem-solving in specific institutional settings. This has both hindered anti-corruption efforts and given unwarranted primacy to anti-corruption efforts in international development, to the loss of other priorities. Practical implications Policy-makers need to accept that there are no “magic bullets” against corruption and work in a much more contextual manner, while accepting the fact that corruption might not be the primary impediment to economic growth in their country. Originality/value The paper strengthens recent calls for a more contextualized approach to combat corruption, which have been given insufficient attention in policy design and most of the literature on corruption, providing a novel starting point for “functional”, politically-aware anti-corruption and development efforts.
Factors Associated with Protection of Last Live Birth against Neonatal Tetanus among Mother Age 15-49 in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis Using EDHS 2016

BackgroundEthiopia has the highest neonatal tetanus mortality and morbidity rates in the world due to low TT immunization coverage coupled with the high amount of deliveries taking place at home. This study aimed to identify individual and community-level factors associated with protections of last live birth against neonatal tetanus among mothers age 15–49 in Ethiopia.MethodsThe P-value of less than 0.05 in the final model was considered as statistically significant. The interclass correlation coefficient and proportional change in variance were used to quantify the magnitude of the general contextual effect. The relative goodness-of-fit test was conducted using Akaike's information criterion.ResultHome delivery (AOR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.96), at least one ANC visits (AOR = 12.35; 95% CI: 10.42, 14.62) and wealth index (poorer (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.54) and richer (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.93). were the individual factors that had an association with the utilization of protection of last live birth against neonatal tetanus.ConclusionsUtilization of protection of last live birth against neonatal tetanus is affected both by the individual and community level factors with high state variation.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LICENSE RESTRICTION FOR DRINK DRIVING OFFENDERS: THE AUSTRALIAN EXPERIENCE

In many jurisdictions, licence restriction is used as an alternative to full suspension for certain drink driving offenders. However, this may undermine both the specific and general deterrent effect of licence loss, by reducing the perceived certainty and severity of the sanction. To explore this proposition, an analysis was undertaken of the records of almost 22,000 male drivers initially convicted of drink driving during 1988 in Queensland, Australia. At a process level, it was found that licence restriction was relatively common, with 12% of offenders being granted a restricted licence for employment purposes. Contrary to legislative guidelines, these licences were sometimes granted to offenders with a recent history of drink driving. At an outcome level, it was found that the restricted drivers were involved in a similar proportion of alcohol-related crashes, but more non alcohol-related crashes, during the term of the sanction than drivers who had been fully suspended. This is consistent with previous research by the authors indicating that restricted drivers do not commit any more drink driving offences than suspended drivers. Therefore, while full suspension produces greater overall road safety benefits, restricted licences appear no less effective as a specific deterrent to drink driving. For the covering abstract see ITRD E106992.