Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Canine helminthiases and associated risk factors in Kigali city, Rwanda

Background: Canine helminthiases pose a public health risk to humans and livestock. However, the prevalence of canine helminthiases in Rwanda is unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of canine helminthiases and to identify the associated risk factors in Kigali city. A cross-sectional study involved 93 dogs selected across Kigali city. Faecal samples were collected from apparently healthy dogs and helminth eggs were identified and quantified under microscope using McMaster technique. Risk factors for canine helminthiases were analysed by multivariable binary logistic regression analysis.Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal helminthiases in dogs was 39.8%, 95% CI: 29.84- 49.73. The most prevalent species was Ancylostoma spp with 32.3%, 95% CI: 22.76-41.76. About 38.7% and 3.4% (n= 31) of dogs having ancylostomosis and toxocarosis had high egg counts per gram of faeces (≥ 550) each. Logistic regression analysis showed that dog's age, dog feeding practices and location were significantly associated with the prevalence of canine helminthiases. Compared to dogs aged < 1 year, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of developing helminthiases was more than 10 times higher for dogs aged between 1- 2.5 years (AOR=10.310; 95% CI: 1.557- 68.288), more than 5 times greater for dogs aged between 2.5-5 years, and more than 7 times greater for dogs that were at least 5 years old (AOR=7.543; 95% CI: 1.1360.101). Furthermore, the AOR was more than 5 times higher (AOR=5.41; 95% CI: 1.28- 22.87) for dogs fed on raw animal origin supplements, leftovers from family food and restaurants and more than 13 times higher (AOR=13.581; 95% CI: 2.194-84.050) for dogs that ate leftovers from household food and scavenged compared to those that ate food prepared for them, respectively. Conclusions: All the identified helminths including Ancylostoma spp, Toxocara canis, and tapeworms are zoonotic, and they pose a public health risk to humans. There is an urgent need of increasing the awareness among pet owners on the role of dogs in transmitting zoonotic helminthiases to other animals and to humans. The control of zoonotic helminthiases in dog population should focus on taking appropriate measures to promote hygienic dog feeding practices at all ages.
DETERMINANTS OF INTEREST IN USING TRAVEL VLOGS ON YOUTUBE AS A REFERENCE FOR TRAVELING

This study aims to analyze the demographic characteristics, usage behavior, and things that have an impact on attracting viewers to watch and utilize travel vlogs on YouTube as a travel reference. respondents in this study 131 were selected based on criteria aged 18 years and over and had watched travel vlogs on youtube at least once in 3 months to find travel reference information. The analytical tool used in this study is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using LISREL software. The results of this study are to find out things that affect interest in using travel vlogs on YouTube based on nine hypotheses. First, the popularity of the travel vlog variable does not affect the credibility of the perception variable. Variable perception of interest, attitude variables towards use have a significant effect. Second, the video characteristic variable influences the perception variable of credibility. Third, the video characteristic variable influences the perception of benefits. Fourth, the credibility perception variable influences perceived usefulness. Fifth, video characteristics influence attitudes towards use. Sixth, the credibility variable influences attitudes toward use. Seventh, perceived usefulness variables influence attitudes toward use. Eighth, the perception of video characteristics influences the use of interest. Ninth, Attitudes toward use affect the interest to use.
Health and economic impact of the correct diagnosis of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis in Spain

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the health and economic impact of the reduction in mortality and cardiovascular hospitalizations, associated with correct diagnosis of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR-CM), from the Spanish National Health System (NHS) perspective. Methods: A costs and effects analysis were performed (probabilistic Markov model) with time horizons between 1 and 15 years, comparing the correct diagnosis of ATTR-CM versus the non-diagnosis. Transition probabilities were obtained from the ATTR-ACT study (placebo arm) and from the literature. Costs and healthcare resources were obtained from Spanish sources (€ 2019) and from a panel of Spanish clinical experts. Results: After 1, 5, 10 and 15 years, the diagnosis of ATTR-CM would generate a gain of 0.031 (95%CI 0.025; 0.038); 0.387 (95%CI 0.329; 0.435); 0.754 (95%CI 0.678; 0.781) and 0.944 (95%CI 0.905; 0.983) life years per patient, respectively, with savings of € 212 (95%CI € −632; 633), € 2,289 (95%CI € 2,250; 2,517), € 2,859 (95%CI € 2,584; 3,149) and € 2,906 (95%CI € 2,669; 3,450) per patient, respectively, versus the non-diagnosis. Conclusions: Just by correctly diagnosing ATTR-CM, years of life would be gained, cardiovascular hospitalizations would be avoided, and savings would be generated for the NHS, compared to the non-diagnosis of the disease.
Allosteric Modu Specificity by A of Protein Cores

Hydrophobic cores are often viewed as tightly packed and rigid, but they do show some plasticity and could thus be attractive targets for protein design. Here we explored the role of different functional pressures on the core packing and ligand recognition of the SH3 domain from human Fyn tyrosine kinase. We randomized the hydrophobic core and used phage display to select variants that bound to each of three distinct ligands. The three evolved groups showed remarkable differences in core composition, illustrating the effect of different selective pressures on the core. Changes in the core did not significantly alter protein stability, but were linked closely to changes in binding affinity and specificity. Structural analysis and molecular dynamics simulations revealed the structural basis for altered specificity. The evolved domains had significantly reduced core volumes, which in turn induced increased backbone flexibility. These motions were propagated from the core to the binding surface and induced significant conformational changes. These results show that alternative core packing and consequent allosteric modulation of binding interfaces could be used to engineer proteins with novel functions. Crown Copyright © 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Galaxies with Prolate Rotation in Illustris

Tens of early-type galaxies have been recently reported to possess prolate rotation of the stellar component, i.e., a significant amount of rotation around the major axis, including two cases in the Local Group. Although expected theoretically, this phenomenon is rarely observed and remains elusive. We study its origin using the population of well-resolved galaxies in the Illustris cosmological simulation. We identify 59 convincing examples of prolate rotators at the present time, more frequently among more massive galaxies, with the number varying very little with redshift. We follow their evolution back in time using the main progenitor branch galaxies of the Illustris merger trees. We find that the emergence of prolate rotation is strongly correlated with the time of the last significant merger that the galaxy experienced, although other evolutionary paths leading to prolate rotation are also possible. The transition to prolate rotation most often happens around the same time as the transition to prolate shape of the stellar component. The mergers leading to prolate rotation have slightly more radial orbits and higher mass ratios, and they occur at more recent times than mergers in the reference sample of twin galaxies we construct for comparison. However, they cover a wide range of initial conditions in terms of the mass ratio, merger time, radiality of the progenitor orbits, and relative orientations of progenitor spins with respect to the orbital angular momenta. About half of our sample of prolate rotators was created during gas-rich mergers, and the newly formed stars usually support prolate rotation.
Added Benefits: How Supporting Women Faculty in STEM Improves Everyone’s Job Satisfaction

Can gender-based diversity programs benefit everyone? We tested whether and how a broadening participation program intended to benefit women working within male-dominated academic fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, may relate to job satisfaction for all who feel involved. Informed by self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2012), we designed and tested a gender-diversity program that supported women faculty’s psychological need for autonomy, relatedness, and competence through their involvement in five activities embedded in three “ADVANCE Project TRACS” (Transformation through Relatedness Autonomy and Competence Support) initiatives. Longitudinal repeated measures collected over 3 years from men and women tenure track faculty across disciplines show that for everyone, involvement with the program predicted a significant positive change in psychological need satisfaction. This change was associated with positive changes in job satisfaction over time. Results demonstrate the success of this particular program, and suggest that diversity programs that target one group can have wide-spread positive impacts on all who feel involved.
The vertebrate fauna of the Lower Keuper Albertibank (Erfurt Formation, Middle Triassic) in the vicinity of Schwäbisch Hall (Baden-Württemberg, Germany)

In the vicinity of Schwäbisch Hall, the Lower Keuper (Ladinian) Albertibank is characterized by a small-scale lateral facies change and a distinctive fauna composed of ostracods, fi shes, and lower tetrapods, comprising the remarkably abundant polzbergiid actinopterygian Serrolepis suevicus, small unidentifi ed species of ? Redfi eldiiformes and Saurichthyidae, the small brackish water shark Lonchidion, two dipnoans, a large coelacanthiform, the temnospondyl amphibians Mastodonsaurus and Gerrothorax, a small nothosaur, and the “rauisuchian” Batrachotomus. Facies and fauna give evidence of an occasionally dry falling lacustrine environment. The dentition of Serrolepis is indicative of a specialized durophagous diet, presumably on ostracods. K e y w o r d s : Lower Keuper, Albertibank, Ladinian, Southwest Germany, vertebrate fauna, durophagous diet. Z u s a m m e n f a s s u n g Die Albertibank des Unterkeupers (Ladinium) im Raum Schwäbisch Hall ist durch kleinräumlichen lateralen Fazieswechsel und eine Fauna von Ostrakoden, Fischen und niederen Tetrapoden gekennzeichnet. Besonders häufi g ist der polzbergiide Actinopterygier Serrolepis suevicus, seltener sind unbestimmte kleine Arten der ? Redfi eldiiformes und der Saurichthyidae, der Brackwasserhai Lonchidion, zwei Dipnoer-Arten, ein großer Coelacanthiforme, die temnospondylen Amphibien Mastodonsaurus und Gerrothorax, ein kleiner Nothosaurier und der „Rauisuchier“ Batrachotomus. Fazies und Fauna lassen auf ein gelegentlich trockenfallendes lakustrines Habitat schließen. Die Bezahnung von Serrolepis legt eine spezialisierte durophage Ernährung, vermutlich von Ostrakoden nahe.
Effect Of Seed Size and Plant Spacing on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean ( Vicia faba L . )

A field experiment was conducted in season (2001/2002) in the Demonstration Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, at Shambat. The objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of seed size and plant spacing on yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivar Kabkabia. The treatments consisted of four seed size categories (small, medium, large and ungraded bulk) and three plants spacing of (10, 20, and 30 cm) between holes. The treatments were laid in a factorial experiment in Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with four replications. Increasing plant spacing increased the number of pods per plant pods per main stem and consequently gave the highest seed yield. Seed size had no significant effect on yield and other investigated characters.
WATER VAPOR CONDUCTANCE OF THE LOWER CRETACEOUS DINOSAURIAN EGGS FROM SANAGASTA, LA RIOJA, ARGENTINA: PALEOBIOLOGICAL AND PALEOECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR SOUTH AMERICAN FAVEOLOOLITHID AND MEGALOOLITHID EGGS

ABSTRACT The water vapor conductance (GH2O) of the neosauropod eggs from the Lower Cretaceous Sanagasta nesting site in La Rioja Province, Argentina, was examined and compared with other Cretaceous Argentinean oological material. The 2900 mgH2O/day·Torr GH2O of the Sanagasta eggshells confirms an extremely moist nesting environment and supports field observations of dug-out nests in a geothermal setting. The observed thinning of the outer eggshell surface during incubation increases gas conductance and concomitantly decreases eggshell mechanical resistance during the late ontogenetic stages, thus facilitating embryonic development and hatching. The Sanagasta and Entre Ríos Province faveoloolithid eggs display the highest and comparable GH2O values and share several morphological and diagenetic characters, indicating comparable nesting strategy in geothermal settings. However, the faveoloolithid Yaminué and La Pampa Province specimens cluster together with lower GH2O values closer to the megaloolithid eggs. The GH2O of the megaloolithid egg Megaloolithus patagonicus was reconsidered and new results are now congruent with other reported megaloolithid GH2O values. Additionally, we hypothesize that Y-shaped pore canals of M. patagonicus, which upper sections reach only the top third or half eggshell thickness and, a wider section in the middle would not compromise the overall egg mechanical resistance like vertical pores connecting directly the outer to the inner eggshell surfaces. Such pore spatial arrangement and geometry would enhance, as the eggshell thins during incubation, a greater GH2O, GO2 and GCO2 and facilitate embryonic development in high moisture nesting contents. Overall, data suggests that neosauropod nesting and brooding behaviors were dependent on elevated moisture nesting environments.
Adaptation to Shocks and The Role of Capital Structure: Danish Exporters During the Cartoon Crisis

How do firms’ responses to an unexpected demand shock vary with their capital structure? We study the boycott of Danish products in Muslim countries in response to a Danish newspaper publishing caricatures of prophet Muhammad. Using detailed firm data on financial statements, trade flows, product innovation, and outsourcing activities of Danish exporters, we exploit variation in their capital structure and exposure to Muslim countries to analyze the effect of leverage on their response to the boycott in input and output markets. We find that firms with low leverage compensate for lost demand by increasing investment, introducing new products and redirecting their sales elsewhere. In contrast, high leverage firms reduce sales, employment and investment and substitute employees with outsourcing and owning assets with leasing. This focus on short-term cost savings is consistent with indirect costs of financial distress borne away from bankruptcy in the form of constrained adjustment to changing demand.
R T ] 2 8 M ar 2 01 9 Birational sequences and the tropical Grassmannian

We introduce iterated sequences for Grassmannians, a new class of Fang-Fourier-Littelmanns’ birational sequences and explain how they give rise to points in trop(Gr(k,C)), Speyer-Sturmfels’ tropical Grassmannian. For Gr(2,C) we show that the associated valuations induce toric degenerations. We describe recursively the vertices of the corresponding Newton–Okounkov polytopes, which are particular vertices of a hypercube and hence integral. We show further that every toric degeneration of Gr(2,C) constructed using the tropical Grassmannian can be recovered by iterated sequences.
Entrepreneurial Incentives and the Role of Initial Coin Offerings

Abstract This paper examines whether initial coin offerings (ICOs) are a beneficial form of financing with desirable economic properties. We do so by examining how financing a start-up via an ICO changes the incentives of an entrepreneur to exert effort to reduce cost. An ICO can result in a better or worse alignment of the interests of the entrepreneur and the investors compared with debt and venture capital financing. Notably, an ICO can be the only form of financing that induces optimal effort, and there are projects that should not take place unless they can be financed through an ICO.
Immunity and inflammatory biomarkers in COVID‐19: A systematic review

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a clinical syndrome caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus. Patients can be asymptomatic or present respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, and even multiple‐organ failure which can lead to death. The balance between an effective antiviral response and dysregulated immune response is the key factor determining the severity of COVID‐19 progression. A systematic review was performed using the NCBI‐PubMed database to find the articles related to COVID‐19 immunity and inflammatory response published from 1 December 2019 to 15 April 2020. Haematological, immunological and biochemical parameters were extracted and correlated with disease severity, age and presence of comorbidities. Twelve articles were analysed comprising a total of 1042 hospitalized patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 and 95 different parameters. Total lymphocyte count and levels of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells were decreased in severe and critical cases. Neutrophilia was found in patients who progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Interleukin‐six (IL‐6) was high in mild and severe patients regardless of comorbidities. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and count and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels were increased regardless of disease severity or presence of comorbidities. High levels of D‐dimer and lactate dehydrogenase were present in diabetic patients and patients who developed ARDS. Procalcitonin levels were elevated to varying degrees in severe and critical patients. We conclude that the total lymphocyte count, CD3+ and CD4+ T cells are low, especially in severe and critical COVID‐19 patients; ESR, CRP and IL‐6 were elevated, independent of the severity of disease. Understanding the inflammatory response of COVID‐19 patients is essential for the development of better therapeutic and management strategies.
Rift Assessment and Potential Calving Zone of Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica

Ice shelves line the peripheries of Antarctica. Rift and crevasses are two main deformational structures affecting ice shelf stability. The present study deals with propagation-widening of five active rifts and future potential calving zones on Amery Ice Shelf (AIS), East Antarctica, between 2000 and 2017 using moderate resolution image spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. The widening and rift propagating rate, as well as advancement in AIS show abnormal behaviour. The expansion of AIS differs across the shelf. The highest rate of advancement was observed in 2012–2013 (~517 sq. km) and the lowest was observed in 2000– 2001 (~35 sq. km). The rift system shows variability in its proportion and having poor relationship with environmental processes, which suggests heterogeneities in the AIS. The abnormal behaviour of rift propagation during the study period can be attributed to tsunamis, tide, current action, crevasses pattern and icequakes in the vicinity of the study region.
A Non-orthogonal Joint Coordinate System for the Calculation of Anatomically Practical Joint Torque Power in Three-dimensional Hip Joint Motion

We examine the advantages of a non-orthogonal joint coordinate system (JCS) in calculating each anatomical torque's power through comparison with a segment coordinate system (SCS) of the distal segment. To clarify the diŠerences between coordinate systems, kinematic data were collected from 12 male participants swinging their legs laterally and anteriorly under two conditions: the toe facing forward and facing laterally. The mechanical power and work exerted by each hip anatomical torque in JCS and SCS were calculated. With the toe facing forward, there is no signiˆcant diŠerence between the two methods. The largest energy generators were abduction torque for lateral swing and ‰exion torque for anterior swing. With the toe facing laterally, in JCS, these results were consistent for both lateral swing (abduction: 0.21±0.06 J/kg; ‰exion: 0.06±0.04 J/kg) and anterior swing (‰exion: 0.35±0.09 J/kg; adduction: 0.01± 0.01 J/kg). However, in SCS, the largest energy generator for lateral swing changed from abduction (0.08±0.07 J/kg) to ‰exion torque (0.22±0.12 J/kg). For anterior swing, the hip adduction torque generated as large energy (0.14±0.08 J/kg) as hip ‰exion torque (0.20±0.08 J/kg) in SCS. Therefore, although SCS resulted in an inconsistency between power generator and movement due to hip external rotation, JCS avoided it, regardless of leg position, allowing JCS to investigate the power generation/absorption of each anatomical torque, particularly during long axial rotation.
Firm and Worker Dynamics in an Aging Labor Market

I assess the impact of an aging labor force on business dynamism, labor market fluidity and economic growth. The analysis embeds endogenous growth through creative destruction in an equilibrium job ladder model, highlighting feedback between the extent of mismatch in the labor market and incentives to innovate. I calibrate the model to aggregate reallocation rates and show that the theory replicates life cycle firm and worker dynamics in the data. The model implies that labor force aging over the last 30 years in the US explains 40-50 percent of the decline in job and worker reallocation and has reduced annual economic growth by 0.3 percentage points. Using cross-state variation and instrumenting for the incidence of aging using lagged age shares, I find additional empirical support for the prediction of large effects of aging on dynamism and growth.
An Edge-brightened Bicone in the Nuclear Regions of Cygnus A

Infrared-imaging observations that span the wavelength range of 0.8-2.35 μm have been obtained for the archetypal powerful radio galaxy Cygnus A using the Near-Infrared Camera and Multiobject Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope. At 2.25 μm, the images are dominated by the presence of a nuclear point source (FWHM < 0.″21), whose flux is a factor of ~4 times less than the limits deduced from previous ground-based studies. The observations also reveal an edge-brightened biconical structure centered on the point source, which is strikingly similar to those observed around young stellar objects. The high polarization and orientation of the bicone relative to the radio axis lead us to conclude that it is an illuminated structure, while the edge brightening provides evidence that the bicone is defined as much by outflows in the nuclear regions as by the polar diagram of the illuminating quasar radiation field. A further implication of our observations is that not all of the anisotropy in the nuclear radiation field is caused by extinction on a scale less than 100 pc in the torus; some of the anisotropy must be generated by absorption and scattering in the dust lane on a 1 kpc scale.
Organic Stimulant Uses In Natural Plant Production

Synthetic plant growth regulators have widely been used for many years. However, restrictions are imposed in traditional agriculture today due to the harms of certain agricultural practices to natural resources and the environment (Bhargavi et al., 2018). The new policies and restrictions of the European Union on environmental protection and pesticides urge member countries to limit, change and remove active ingredients of synthetic growth preparations (Khan et al., 2009, Pacholczak et al., 2013 and Pacholczak et al., 2017). Substances that are effective in plant development are also supposed to be not harmful to the environment according to the limitations (Pacholczak et al., 2012a).