Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Planting Methods and Copper Sulfate on Root Rot Disease and Enhancing Productivity of Irrigation Water on Sugar Beet Crop

Two field trails were conducted in 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 winter seasons at Sakha Agricultural Research Station farm, Egypt to investigate the effect of different planting methods and application of copper sulfate to reduce root rot disease, enhance sugar beet yield and irrigation water productivity. A split-plot design was applied, planting methods were allocated in main plots, it included ridges 0.60 m apart (M1), raised-beds 1.20 m apart (M2) and wide raised-beds 1.80 m apart (M3). Copper sulfate were assigned to sub plots at concentrations of 7.15 kg ha (Cu1), 10.71 kg ha (Cu2) and control (Cu0). Results indicated that planting methods of M2 and M3 were reduced water consumptive use by 7.9% and 14.9 % and saved 1217 and 1526 mha of applied water, respectively compared to M1 in both growing seasons and had effective role in retarding root rot disease severity and index. Consequently, increased root yield, sugar yield and improved their quality. Adding of copper sulfate with all planting methods led to significant reduction root rot disease, improved yield quantity and quality especially with M2. Also copper sulfate in vitro reduced myceial growth, sporulation and/or sclerotia of mean root rot fungi, wherever Fusarium oxysporum was the most effective one followed by Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii. Applying the interaction of M2 X Cu2 achieved the highest values of total soluble solids, sucrose, root yield, sugar yield, gross income, net return whereas, the lowest values of root rot disease severity and index, applied water and water consumptive use accordingly, productivity of irrigation water and water productivity for both root and sugar yield were improved.
A Systematic Analysis of Laboratory-Guided Diagnosis and Management of Covid-19: Challenges and Recommendations

We conducted a comprehensive analysis of patient demographics and laboratory tests encompassing Real Time PCR (RT-qPCR) and serology for SARS-CoV-2 in addition to blood components and clinical blood markers for COVID-19 disease. All relevant literature was included up to 15 July 2020 and multiple studies were analysed in tandem to correlate findings. For RT-qPCR, nasopharyngeal swabs are the most suitable samples based on detection rates by sample, but may require repeat testing. One-week post-symptom onset, serological testing is a more stable marker. Antibody titers have been linked to disease severity. Several clinical blood components and markers have been reported to be prognostically useful; however, care is needed when making interpretation owing to the association between raised levels of these being found for the co-morbidities that predispose to worse prognosis in COVID-19. Challenges in the current study when finding the information presented in this paper suggest the need for a quality assured database that outlines the complete set of results, anonymised patient data for each entry and a set of internationally-agreed guidelines for complete laboratory testing, documentation and open-access reporting. We suggest that such information would be useful to help with patient diagnosis and management, worldwide. 8-14, addition a positive RT-qPCR test for SARS-CoV-2 from an upper respiratory tract Antibody levels using specificity assays 99.1% antibodies), 98.6% and The seroconversion rate for total antibody 93.1% (161/173), 82.7% (143/173) for IgM, and 64.7% for IgG. remained seronegative for total antibody, to unavailability of serum for testing the later stage (<13 days PSO) of their time for seroconversion day (total antibodies), day (IgM) and (IgG)
Electromagnetic spectum: a critical natural resource

Little has been written about the electromagnetic spectrum, which is the natural resource which makes modern communication and communications development possible. Even though its physical dimensions are infinite, and it can never be depleted, the constantly increased demands for use of the spectrum constrain the extent to which it can be exploited without unacceptable interference. Over-use and over-crowding cause interference and impair the use of the radio spectrum. No other natural resource has such as immediate and extensive impact on modern civilization. The author explores the nature of the electromagnetic spectrum as a natural and common property resource; elaborates on some of its uses, particularly in conjunction with the geostationary orbit; examines the institutional frameworks that have been developed to manage the resource; and discusses some of the emerging political and legal problems it entails.
Understanding future risks to ports in Australia

This document reports on research carried out for work package 1 - to better understand the complexity (and uncertainty) of the future climate and non-climate risks that are likely to affect future port operations in Australia. The activity involved close liaison with both information providers and the case study ports, with the quantitative and qualitative data then used to inform the assessments of functional and infrastructural resilience (project work packages 2 and 3). The report highlights some of the many challenges involved when assessing the risks that Australian ports need to contend with; not only contributing to the knowledge-base but also providing detail of an integrated assessment methodology that can be replicated for other cases.
Detecting Wireless LAN MAC Address Spoofing

An attacker wishing to disrupt a wireless network has a wide arsenal available to them. Many of these tools rely on using a faked MAC address, masquerading as an authorized wireless access point or as an authorized client. Using these tools, an attacker can launch denial of service attacks, bypass access control mechanisms, or falsely advertise services to wireless clients. This presents unique opportunities for attacks against wireless networks that are difficult to detect, since the attacker can present himself as an authorized client by using an altered MAC address. As nearly all wireless NICs permit changing their MAC address to an arbitrary value – through vendor-supplied drivers, open-source drivers or various application programming frameworks – it is trivial for an attacker to wreak havoc on a target wireless LAN. This paper describes some of the techniques attackers utilize to disrupt wireless networks through MAC address spoofing, demonstrated with captured traffic that was generated by the AirJack, FakeAP and Wellenreiter tools. Through the analysis of these traces, the author identifies techniques that can be employed to detect applications that are using spoofed MAC addresses. With this information, wireless equipment manufacturers could implement anomalybased intrusion detection systems capable of identifying MAC address spoofing to alert administrators of attacks against their networks.
Effect of Earth Cover on Far-Field Fragment Distribution

Abstract : The effect of earth cover on the far-field fragment density expected from the accidental detonation of stored munitions was estimated by preparing three models of fragment-cover interaction. Comparisons of the theoretical calculations with limited experimental data show that the model wherein the crown of the earth cover does not retard any fragments gives the best agreement. Models for fragment-fragment interaction which effectively account for stack configuration lead to a simplified model for the effective number of munitions contributing to the far-field fragment density. An approximation technique for the rapid calculation of the far-field fragment density was prepared to assist in the ready evaluation of any model. Tentative quantity-distance relationships for four munitions were prepared. Parametric studies of the effect of altered mass distributions and fragment shape were conducted to assess possible differences between accidental detonation source parameters and arena data source parameters.
A multi-purpose tactile vest for astronauts in the international space station

During a 10 day taxiflight to the International Space Station (ISS) in 2004, Dutch astronaut Andre Kuipers is scheduled to test a multi-purpose vibrotactile vest. The main application of the vest is supporting the astronaut's orientation awareness. To this end, we employ an artificial gravity vector analogy. The location of vibration on the torso indicates the direction of a vector representing the standard ISS orientation. This application is hypothesised to increase the astronaut's performance and safety. A second application is designed to be used during rest. Additional vibrating elements are attached to the ankles, knees, elbows and wrists of the astronaut. By using specific, pre-programmed spatiotemporal patterns, the astronaut can get the feeling of whole body stimulation. This will support the astronaut in sensing and locating his extremities in space. This application is hypothesised to compensate for the sensory deprivation of the proprioceptive system during weightlessness, result-ing in increased comfort for the astronaut.
O USO DE PROXIES DE CONTROLE GERENCIAL EM MICRO E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS GERENCIADAS POR MULHERES

A figura das micro e pequenas empresas (MPE) assumem representativo papel no desenvolvimento econômico e social do país, assumindo seu dirigente a tarefa principal de superar os desafios impostos pelo mercado em busca da sobrevivência. Diante desse cenário, observa-se que a participação das mulheres na economia cresce significativamente. Elas assumem papeis até então considerados masculinos, revelando uma tendência de equilíbrio entre gêneros no ambiente empresarial, inclusive nas pequenas empresas. Quanto a forma de gestão, a literatura existente sugere que mulheres possuem formas particulares ao empreender, traçar estratégias e liderar. Objetiva-se, desse modo, verificar se existem diferenças quanto ao uso de proxies de controle gerencial em relação ao gênero do empreendedor-gestor. O estudo foi realizado por meio de um survey com 196 MPEs localizadas na região noroeste do Paraná e participantes do Programa Bom Negócio Paraná. A análise de agrupamentos entre gêneros viabilizou-se por meio da Análise de Correspondência Múltipla (ACM), sendo levantadas quatro dimensões relacionadas a controles internos, o planejamento, a área financeira e de contabilidade, os aspectos mercadológicos e o controle de pessoal. Os achados apurados nessa pesquisa evidenciaram que os homens mostram-se mais propensos a utilizar em seu empreendimento práticas gerenciais como suporte ao processo decisorial se comparados as mulheres. Observa-se também que, embora ainda seja grande a frequência de MPEs que não fazem uso desses instrumentos de auxílio à tomada de decisão, entende-se que os resultados encontrados ratificam a ideia de que as mulheres tendem a ser motivadas em suas decisões pelas relações pessoais enquanto os homens guiam-se por evidências racionais.
School Bus Acceleration Characteristics

Research was conducted to collect speed, time, and distance data for Type C and D ("full size") school buses accelerating from a stopped position. Most of the tests were conducted on level terrain. By combining the knowledge of how quickly a school bus can accelerate with assumed speeds of oncoming through-street vehicles, the needed intersection sight distance can be calculated. Another application of the findings is analyzing departure sight distance at railroad grade crossings used by school buses.
Variations In Air-ice Drag Coefficient Due to Ice Surface Roughness

Wind profiles collected by satellite-tracked ice beacons and ice surface roughness data by a helicopter-borne laser altimeter are used to study variation in the air-ice drag coefficient due to surface roughness of the pack ice in Canada’s Gulf of the St. Lawrence. The results show that the air-ice drag coefficient referenced to 10 m (C10) varied by an order of magnitude from 0 5× 10−3 over smooth ice with above-freezing air temperatures to 5 4×10−3 over rough ice with below-freezing air temperatures. This range includes the value of 2 8×10−3 used by ice-ocean modelers to forecast ice drift along the Canadian east coast. Laser data showed that the root-mean-square (rms) elevation was 0 07 m for the smooth ice and 0 29 m for the rough ice. Linearly relating the roughness to the drag coefficient appears promising, but more data are required. With remotely sensed imagery increasing its capability to the classification of ice types and ice roughness conditions, variable drag coefficients based on imagery may become available for ice-ocean models.
The cropping-plan decision-making : a farm level modelling and simulation approach

Evolutions of the institutional and environmental contexts are driving search for alternative cropping systems to reduce water use while maintaining high levels of productivity. This thesis is an account of the long tradition of research on cropping-plan choices at the farm level. It concerns the scope of modelling agricultural systems with an opening to economy. The objective of the research described in this thesis is to produce formalised knowledge on farmers’ croppingplan choices under uncertain environment (price and weather) by analysing and modelling their decision-making processes. Formalising and modelling decision-making processes is becoming a crucial point to develop decision support systems that go beyond limitations of formerly developed prescriptive approaches. This thesis contributes to the development of a formalised and integrated methodology to study and model complex decision-making process. This methodology enables to fill the gap between field surveys and decision-model implementation. The methodology is drawn upon a theoretical background of the decision-making' and consistently combined tools to respectively survey' analyse' model and implement coupled agent and biophysical models. In this thesis' I address the question of uncertainty in two directions. I first analyse the spatio-temporal dynamic of individual farmers’ decision-making process. Then I estimate farmers’ aversion to risk by comparing stated and revealed elicitation methods. On the basis of field survey results' I develop a decision model called CRASH. The approach to develop the model stresses on explicit formalisation of the decision-making process in its temporal and spatial dimensions' and representation of the domain knowledge through generic concepts that are close to ones used by decision-makers. The implementation of developed models is carried out on the RECORD platform as trail blazing project. The originality relies on the use of dynamic models on both the biophysical and management processes. This research opens new perspectives for developing farm specific decision support systems that are based on simulating farmers’ decisionmaking processes. The modelling and simulating the cropping-plan decision-making processes should enable to design with farmers cropping systems that re-conciliate the required adaptive capacities and needs to maintain cropping systems productivity.
RF Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Second Edition (Artech House Microwave Library (Hardcover))

This extensively revised edition of the bestselling Artech House book, RF Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, offers you a comprehensive, practical, and up-to-date understanding of how to tackle a power amplifier design with confidence and quickly determine the cause of malfunctioning hardware. Among the numerous updates, the Second Edition includes five new chapters on class AB PAs at GHz frequencies; switching PA modes at GHz frequencies; signals, modulation systems, and PA nonlinearities; power amplifier bias circuit design; and load-pull techniques. Chapters on efficiency enhancement methods and Class F design have been substantially extended, and many more practical examples and design tools are included on the accompanying CD-ROM. Supported with nearly 200 illustrations, the book contains the most complete survey of RF PA efficiency enhancement and linearization techniques in a single volume. It helps you design suitable matching networks which provide correct fundamental harmonic terminations for conventional (AB, B) high efficiency PA modes, understand the Class D, E, and F modes and their feasibility at microwave frequencies, and use envelope simulation techniques to analyze the effects of distortion in overdriven PAs. You learn how to maintain high efficiency operation at low points in an amplitude modulated signal envelope, including detailed coverage of the Doherty, Chireix, and Kahn techniques. Moreover, this authoritative resource helps you understand the possibilities and limitations of linearization methods, and offers guidance in objectively analyzing PA stability and oscillation problems.
Dietary habits of High School Population in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Background Adolescence is a period of life when prevalence of overweight, obesity and chronic non-communicable diseases rise the fastest. This period of life is very important for adoption of healthy lifestyle habits. Those include regular physical activity and diet, which could prevent nutrient deficiencies and may limit harmful behaviors contributing to the epidemic of non-communicable diseases in adulthood. There are a small number of surveys on a large number of high school and student population about this topic in low-to middle income countries. Methods The aim of this study was to examine dietary habits and frequency of physical activity and presence of non-communicable diseases in immediate family. Survey was conducted in 6 secondary schools of city of Mostar through an anonymous questionnaire. The study involved 482 adolescents (279 boys and 203 girls) aged 17 and 18. For data entry and analysis SPSS (version 25) was used. Association between variables was determined using chi-square. Results Collected data showed low breakfast consumption by adolescents, low everyday consumption of vegetables, fruits, and dairy products. There is a high trend of daily consumption of meat, especially processed meat as also as relatively high consumption of soft drinks. In addition, data showed difference in physical activity of boys and girls. Conclusion There were significant deviations in dietary habits of participants compared with health needs recommended for adolescent population. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and organize better nutritional education for adolescents and involve wider community to implement public health programs in order to adopt a healthier lifestyle for adolescents.
FAILURE OF STEEP REINFORCED SOIL SLOPES

A centrifuge study was undertaken to investigate the failure mechanisms of geosynthetically reinforced steep soil slopes and to evaluate the assumptions in their design. The selected variables in the testing program were the reinforcement spacing, soil strength, and reinforcement strength. Failure in the models was characterized by well-defined shear surfaces through the toe of the slope. The moment of failure was defined by a sudden change in the rate of settlements at the crest of the slope, as monitored from transducers placed on top of the centrifuge models. Well-defined failure surfaces developed, which is in good agreement with current design methods for reinforced slopes based on limit equilibrium. Interpretation of the failure mechanisms in reinforced soil slopes also depends on the distribution of reinforcement forces with depth. However, in contrast to the current design assumptions that failure should initiate at the toe of the reinforced slopes, failure of all centrifuge slope models was observed to initiate at midheight of the slopes.
Measuring the traction profile on sportsfields: Equipment development and testing

Traction is recognised as an important component of the overall playability and safety of a sportsfield. It relates to the "grip", or footing, provided through an athlete's shoe when in contact with the surface, and is normally measured by the torque generated when a weighted studded disc apparatus is dropped onto the turf and twisted manually. This paper describes the development of an automated traction tester, which mechanises the dropping and twisting of the weighted studded disc. By standardising these operational stages, more repeatable and reliable results can be expected than from the original hand-operated design where positioning of the disc and speed of rotation are controlled manually and so can vary from one measurement to the next. As well as measuring the maximum torque reached during rotation of the studded disc, the automated traction tester generates a profile of torque showing changes over time and calculates the angle through which the studded disc moved before reaching maximum torque. These aspects are now covered by a utility patent (PAT/AU/2004270767). Use of the automated traction tester is illustrated by comparative data for a range of warm-season turfgrasses, by comparisons of traction under different surface conditions generated by wear on Cynodon dactylon cultivars, and by the effects of environment, management and playing patterns on traction across a multi-use sports stadium.
Survey of recent work on explosive-driven magnetic flux compression generators

There are five widely-used classes of explosive-driven flux compression generators. They are the spiral, coaxial, strip, plate and cylindrical implosion systems. The configurations are described and the characteristics of the various types are compared. There are a number of techniques for sharpening or impedance-matching the output pulse of the generators. The use of switching, fuses and transformers are discussed. Some of the areas of application of the generators are outlined briefly. Much of the recent work at Los Alamos has been directed toward the development of the plate generator. This type consists essentially of a transmission line with explosive slabs on the flat surfaces. These plates may be parallel or at an angle with respect to each other. A plane detonation front in the explosive allows a large area of conductor to be driven simultaneously. As a result, the power and current outputs are very high - many megamperes at the terawatt level. This generator is particularly well suited to driving low impedance plasma devices. The results of the plate generator tests are discussed.