Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-small cell lung cancer targetable mutations: present and future

Rapid advances in the utility of molecular testing to identify common and uncommon driver mutations as well as the expeditious rate of drug development have intensified the need to obtain multiplex next generation sequencing from tissue and/or blood at the time of diagnosis in order to determine the most appropriate treatment for patients with advanced lung cancers. In this review, we discuss the currently available investigational targeted therapies for the treatment of sensitizing epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutations, anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) fusions, ROS proto-oncogene 1 ( ROS1 ) fusions, B-Raf proto-oncogene ( BRAF ) V600E mutations, and neurotrophin receptor tyrosine kinase ( NTRK ) fusions. In addition, we have highlighted promising investigational therapies aimed at high level mesenchymal-to- epithelial transition factor ( MET ) amplifications or exon 14 skipping mutations, EGFR or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ( HER2 ) exon 20 insertion mutations, rearranged during transfection ( RET ) fusions, and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog ( KRAS ) G12C mutations that lend support towards routine testing for these driver mutations as well.
Immigration from the Immigrants’ Perspective: Analyzing Survey Data Collected among Immigrants and Host Society Members

Immigration has been one of the most crucial global phenomena, changing the fabric of many societies, and a topic of substantial research. Much of this research has focused on how the host society views immigrants and immigration, or on the societal factors influencing the latter. The goal of this thematic issue is to present different studies focusing on various aspects of immigration from a perspective that has not been often viewed under the magnifying glass so far, but which is of major importance: looking at immigration from the immigrants’ point of view.
Front-of-pack warning labels are preferred by parents with low education level in four Latin American countries

Background: Overweight and obesity rates in Latin America are much higher than the global prevalence. Front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition label systems are gaining momentum in Latin America and being implemented as a strategy to tackle obesity among children and adults. This study investigates the usage and preference of three FOP nutrition labels among Argentinian, Chilean, Costa Rican, and Mexican adult parents. Methods: From March to May 2016, a questionnaire was administered to 966 parents of elementary school aged children in Argentina (89), Chile (304), Costa Rica (258) and Mexico (315). Guideline Daily Amounts (GDA), traffic light (TL), and warning label FOP systems were compared and analyzed. Statistical analysis was conducted using frequencies and proportions. Median differences tests, ANOVAs and logistic regression models were performed. A thematic analysis of qualitative data was conducted using a deductive process. Results: Parents with low education levels and poor health conditions (i.e., overweight) preferred the FOP warning labels over the GDA and TL systems. The GDA FOP nutrition labels were preferred by parents with higher education levels. Overall, the TL system was preferred with no significant differences across countries. Conclusion: FOP warning labels are preferred by parents with vulnerable conditions (i.e., low education levels and overweight) across four Latin American countries. An easily understandable, readable and acceptable label may facilitate usage by vulnerable groups to make healthy food purchases. These results have important policy implications by providing evidence to government policymakers to enact legislation to implement or enhance existing FOP nutrition label policies as a viable strategy to reduce obesity risk.
Social and Environmental Factors Influencing Reproductive Success in a Cooperatively Breeding Primate

Cooperative breeding is a system where non-breeding individuals care for another individual’s offspring. In primates, cooperative breeding is only found in the family Callitrichidae. Leontopithecus chrysomelas (the golden-headed lion tamarin) is an endangered callitrichid that is facing high rates of habitat loss and fragmentation. For this study, I analyzed the influence of social, parental and environmental variables on reproductive success in L. chrysomelas, using data previously collected during the first long-term study on a wild population of this species. I found that infant survival was negatively associated with group size, but this was tempered by the presence of multiple adult males. The use of secondary forest was associated with high body condition, as well as high resting and reproductive rates, indicating that it can act as a good quality habitat under certain conditions. In addition, secondary forest use and the presence of multiple males were associated with faster infant growth and higher adult weights.
Using Textual Analysis to Identify Merger Participants: Evidence from the U.S. Banking Industry

In this paper, we use the sentiment of annual reports to gauge the likelihood of a bank to participate in a merger transaction. We conduct our analysis on a sample of annual reports of listed U.S. banks over the period 1997 to 2015, using the Loughran and McDonald’s lists of positive and negative words for our textual analysis. We find that a higher frequency of positive (negative) words in a bank’s annual report relates to a higher probability of becoming a bidder (target). Our results remain robust to the inclusion of bank-specific control variables in our logistic regressions.
Estimating Bed Requirements for Emergency Wards of Qazvin Teaching Hospitals by 2021: Dynamic Systems Modeling

Background: The provision of manpower is one of the effective factors on the improvement in the coverage of health services and the realization of the highest community health level and a considerable part of the health budget is devoted to the production and update on human resources. Therefore, the current study aimed to estimate the number of nurses required in the Emergency Department (ED) of Imam Ali hospital based on the proposed method of the World Health Organization, in which the manpower is calculated based on the workload Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN). Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population was all the nurses working in the emergency department of Imam Ali hospital affiliated by Alborz University of Medical Sciences and their duties in the hospital which was performed using the proposed method of the World Health Organization i.e. WISN in 2018. Determination of their duties and the time and number of times for performing them were carried out during the group discussion session through Delphi method. Results: Based on the research findings, 40 standard nurses were calculated. The studied hospital had 4 nursing staff shortages. The working pressure ratio is 0.91in this study. Conclusion: In the current study, the nursing staff shortage is observed and this shortage caused a high working pressure on the nurses working in the study area. Considering the vital role of nurses in the emergency department, it is recommended to employ and distribute the manpower based on the requirement and workload in the department.
Network-wide assessment of 4D trajectory adjustments using an agent-based model

This paper presents results from the SESAR ER3 Domino project. It focuses on an ECAC-wide assessment of two 4D-adjustment mechanisms, implemented separately and conjointly. These reflect flight behaviour en-route and at-gate, optimising given (cost) objective functions. New metrics designed to capture network effects are used to analyse the results of a microscopic, agent based model. The results show that some implementations of the mechanisms allow the protection of the network from ‘domino’ effects. Airlines focusing on costs may trigger additional side-effects on passengers, displaying, in some instances, clear trade-offs between passenger- and flight-centric metrics.
Cytotoxic Steroids From The Stembak of Chisocheton celebicus KOORD

In the course of our continuing search for anticancer compounds from Chisocheton species, three steroids, stigmast-5-en-3β-ol ( 1 ), stigmast-5-en-3β-ol-3- O -β- D -glucopyranoside ( 2 ) and stigmast-5,22-dien-3β-ol-3- O -β- D -glucopyranoside ( 3 ), were obtained from the stembark of Chisocheton celebicus . The structures of compound 1 - 3 were identified with spectroscopic data including IR, 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR and TOF-MS, as well as by comparing with those spectral data previously. Compounds 1 - 3 , were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against P-388 murine leukemia cells and displayed the cytotoxicity activity with IC 50 values of 12.45 ± 0.050, 52.27 ± 0.031 and 62.52 ± 0.076 µg/mL, respectively.
Parenting Styles and Aggressive Adolescents: Relationships with Self-esteem and Personal Maladjustment

Current emergent studies are seriously questioning if parental strictness contributes to adolescent adjustment. This study examined whether the relationship between authoritative (warmth and strictness), authoritarian (strictness without warmth), indulgent (warmth without strictness), and neglectful (neither warmth nor strictness) parenting styles shows equal or different pattern of adjustment and maladjustment for aggressive and non-aggressive adolescents. The sample consisted of 969 Spanish adolescents, 554 females (57.2%) and 415 males, ranging from 12 to 17 years old. Families were classified into one of four typologies by their scores on warmth and strictness, and the adolescents were grouped by their aggressiveness (low vs. high). Adolescent adjustment was captured with three self-esteem indicators (emotional, physical, and family) and personal maladjustment with five indicators (negative self-esteem, negative self-adequacy, emotional irresponsiveness, emotional instability, and negative worldview). It was tested main and interaction effects between parenting and aggressiveness considering also sex and age factors. Findings showed that aggressive adolescents always had the worst socialization outcomes (i.e., the lowest self-esteem and the highest personal maladjustment). Aggressive and non-aggressive adolescents have a common pattern: both, indulgent and authoritative parenting styles were always associated with better outcomes than either authoritarian or neglectful parenting, but indulgent parenting style was associated with the best outcomes across all the criteria. In contrast with previous evidence about the idea that parental strictness and imposition might be beneficial to raise aggressive adolescents, present findings highlight the positive impact of parental warmth even with aggressive adolescents. Implications for family interventions were considered.
Effect of Micronutrients Application and Spraying Yeast Extract on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

A field experiment was conducted during winter season of 2018-2019, at Al-Qurna district (75 km north of Basrah city centre). The aim of experiment was studding the effect of five levels of micronutrients (MN), Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B, and Mo: 0, 2 and 4 kg. ha-1 (soil application), 500 and 1000 ppm (foliar application), and three levels of activated yeast extract (AYE): 0, 3 and 6 g. L-1, in the yield and qualitative characteristics of wheat. The experiment was carried out using randomized completely block design in a split arrangement with three replicates. The main plots contained fertilizer levels. While the sub-plot occupied by Yeast levels. The results showed that spraying 1000 ppm from the solution of MN significantly increase the number of spikes per m2 , the number of grains in the spike, grain yield and biological yield with an increase by 15.4%, 18%, 27.5 % and 35% respectively compared to the control treatment, while the concentration of 500 ppm significantly increase protein yield with an increase of 35% compared to the control treatment. The results also showed that spraying 6 g. L- 1 of AYE differ significantly and gave the highest values of spikes number per m2 , number of grains per spike , grain yield , biological yield and protein yield, with an increase by 5.84%, 7.1%, 11.4% , 11.1% and 10.9% respectively compared to the control treatment. The interaction between application of 4 kg. MN ha-1 and the level of 6 g. L-1 AYE gave a significant superiority in the number of spikes (333.9 spike m-2), while the spraying of 1000 ppm + 6 g. L-1 AYE gave the highest grain yield (8.891 ton. ha-1) and biological yield (31.827 ton. ha-1).
Effects of Field and Greenhouse Solarization on Soil Microbiota and Weed Seeds in the Northeast USA

Soil solarization using clear plastic is a promising weed management strategy for organic farms in the Northeast USA. Based on grower concerns that the practice might negatively affect beneficial soil microbiota, we conducted experiments to measure the effects of 2 and 4 weeks of solarization in a field and a closed greenhouse. Soil microbial communities were assayed by dilution plating on semi-selective agar media. Populations of general bacteria, general fungi, bacilli, and florescent pseudomonads were unaffected by field solarization, but fluorescent pseudomonads were reduced following greenhouse solarization. At plastic removal, soil biological activity was reduced non-significantly in the field and by 45% in the green- house. Soil biological activity fluctuated following field solarization, being significantly suppressed at 5 but not 14 days after plastic removal. In the greenhouse, biological activity remained suppressed up to 28 days after plastic removal. Solarization increased available nitrogen in the field and greenhouse. Four weeks of solarization reduced viability of buried weed seeds by 64% in the field and 98% in the greenhouse, indicating that the practice can cause substantial weed seed mortality. Maximum soil temperatures, measured at 10 cm depth under solarization, were 44◦ C in the field and 50◦ C in the greenhouse; temperatures were theoretically sufficient for the reduction of some soil borne pathogens. A subsequent experiment measured the effects of solarization and tarping (black plastic) on soil biological activity. During mulching, biological activity was unaffected by treatment, but 14 days after plastic removal, biological activity was reduced in the solarized treatment as compared with the control. Overall, these results suggest that solarization can deplete the weed seedbank. Although soil biological activity was reduced by solarization, it may bounce back after a period. Greenhouse solarization achieved higher temperatures and was more lethal to weed seeds and some microbiota than field solarization.
International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies (IJMBS)

The numbers of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment have increased spectacularly from past several decades. During orthodontic tooth movement the early response of periodontal tissues to mechanical stress is an acute inflammatory reaction. Mechanical stress from orthodontic appliances is believed to induce cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL) to form biologically active substances, such as enzymes and cytokines, responsible for connective tissue remodeling. Biochemical analysis of the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) has provided a non-invasive model for investigating the cellular response of the underlying PDL during orthodontic tooth movement in vivo. In GCF, several substances such as interleukin, tumor necrosis factor, leptin, osteoprotegerin and alkaline phosphatase have been found to be significantly elevated in teeth under orthodontic forces compared with untreated control teeth. [14] Hence due to the above relevance the present study was planned for Assessment of Leptin Concentration in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) during Orthodontic Tooth Movement. The present study was planned in Department of Private Practioner, Swastik Dental Clinic and Orthodontic Centre Gaya. Total 10 cases of orthodontic of age 13 – 15 years were evaluated in the present study. For each subject, a maxillary cuspid undergoing distal orthodontic tooth movement was used as an experimental tooth, and the contralateral cuspids served as control tooth. Orthodontic brackets were placed on the canines. Experimental canines were moved in the distal direction through an archwire by use of an elastic chain exerting an initial force of 250 g. The amount of tooth movement for each tooth was measured with digimaticcalipers. At the distal aspect of experimental and control teeth, GCF was collected for subsequent analysis and the following examinations of the periodontium were conducted: Probing depth, presence or absence of plaque, and bleeding on probing. The collection and examinations were conducted immediately before activation and at 1 hr, 1 day, and 7days after the initiation of tooth movement. The data generated from the present study concludes that concentration of leptin in the GCF is decreased by orthodontic tooth movement. Leptin may be one of the mediators associated with orthodontic tooth movement. Orthodontic tooth movement can be carried out without any significant destructive changes in investing tissues of the teeth provided oral hygiene is properly maintained.
ORTHOGONAL WAVE CURRENT INTERACTION OVER ROUGH BEDS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE WINGS HY+ TA PROJECT

(1) Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Italy, Email: cfaraci@unime.it (2) DICAR, University of Catania, Italy, Email: rosaria.musumeci@unict.it (3) Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Italy, Email: giuseppe.barbaro@unirc.it (4) NTNU, Norway, Email: pierre-yves.henry@ntnu.no (5) Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy, Email: blx@dicca.unige. it (6) UCL, UK, Email: r.r. simons@ucl.ac. uk (7) DHI, Denmark Email: bjj@dhi.dk
The Influence of a Migration Background on Attitudes Towards Immigration

Migration is an ever-increasing phenomenon that is unfailingly the topic of public discourse. Recently, empirical interest has expanded to include the study of attitudes towards immigration. However, the focus usually lies on the opinion of natives, that is, persons without a migration background. This is unfortunate, because in many countries the proportion of people with a migration background is quite high, and many of them hold the citizenship of the receiving country. I expect individuals with a migration background to have more favourable attitudes towards immigration than the general population because they can identify more strongly with other immigrants due to their own migration history. Furthermore, I expect this difference to decrease with each subsequent migrant generation, with earlier generations holding more positive attitudes than later generations. For the analyses, I pooled data from the 2008–2016 rounds of the American General Social Survey. The subsample used included 7,362 respondents, 2,811 of whom had a migration background. Moreover, the data set allowed the differentiation of three generations of migrants. The results support the theoretical expectations. Persons with a migration background had more favourable attitudes towards immigration compared to those without a migration background. However, a closer look revealed that this is the case only for first-generation immigrants. The attitudes of second- and third-generation immigrants differed from each other on the 5% level, but the attitudes of neither group differed from that of the general population when the migrants’ regional origins were controlled for.
Comparative Evaluation of Natural Herbal Extracts as Root Canal Irrigation versus Routine Chemical Root Canal Irrigation

The aim that initiates this study was to compare and evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of natural herbal extract (neem and tea tree oil) versus chemical root canal irrigation (sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine) with and without agitation system.One hundred freshly extracted intact human single-rooted premolars with totally formed apex, and a unit root canal, checked by radiographs, were obtained from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, and other governmental dental clinics. These samples were divided into two main groups: With agitation system EndoVac and without agitation system (B1, B2), each group contains four subgroups; CHX, NaoCL, Neem, and Tea Tree oil (A1, A2, A3, A4). While the control groups (C1) positive control group in which the samples were infected with tested microorganisms, (C2) while negative control in which the samples not infected with tested organisms Results showed that EndoVac agitation system has higher statistically significance antimicrobial effect than the Conventional agitation techniques.Also, NaoCl has the highest statistically significant antimicrobial effect, followed by Neem chlorhexidine, and Tea tree oil.
Relationship Individual Characteristics and Work Stress with Menstrual Disorders in Tobacco Farmers

Introduction: Women participation at work, especially in the agricultural sector, is implies a status of gender equality that positions women as capable of doing work like men. However, women naturally have physically and biologically differenced with men, for example in reproductive health conditions. Menstrual disorders are important to know because it can show the function of women reproductive health disorder. Menstrual disorders can be caused by various factors. The purpose of this study was to identify individual characteristics and psychological factor (work stress) with menstrual disorders of female tobacco farmers in Ambulu Village, Jember City. Methods: This study was an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted on August 2018 and respondents were 36 female tobacco farmers chosen by simple random sampling. Dependent variable of this study was menstrual disorders and the independent variables were individual characteristics (age, marital status, and work period) and psychological factor (work stress). Results: Obtained were that most of the respondents aged 35-44 years (55.6%), married (91.7%), having work period over 5 years (69.4%) and 58.3% respondents experienced a moderate level of work stress. Conclusion: There was a relationship between work stress and menstrual disorders. There was no relationship between individual characteristics with menstrual disorders in tobacco farmers in Ambulu Village, Jember City.