Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variable multivalent orientations during diakinesis and metaphase I in microsporocytes of Tradescantia spathacea Sw.

Meiotic studies carried out on seven plants/clones of Tradescantia spathacea did not show the expected ring of 12 chromosomes in any of the 1765 cells studied at diakinesis (1202 cells) and metaphase I (563 cells). While at diakinesis the chromosomes resolved into chain configurations of all lengths ranging from one through 12 chromosomes, with the mean per cell being 2.47 ± 1.28, at metaphase I chains carrying up to 10 chromosomes were seen and the mean per cell was 4.18 ± 1.47. However, the larger chains were not the most frequent configurations observed at the two stages. Bivalents and univalents were the most frequent configurations observed in 38.68 and 43.92% cells at diakinesis and 63.94 and 57.72% cells at metaphase I, followed by chains of 10 (29.95% cells) and chains of three (51.50% cells) at the two stages, respectively. The larger chains, though visible at both the meiotic stages, varied significantly in the centromere orientation patterns. While at diakinesis they predominantly showed linear or indifferent orientation, at metaphase I 83.25% chains showed alternate orientation, with the rest showing linear and/or indifferent orientation. A high frequency of alternate orientation was observed in chains of three chromosomes (93.93%), followed by the chains of five and four, where 74.19 and 71.27% chains appeared in alternate orientation, respectively. In 4.97% cells with two chains of six chromosomes each, contrasting behavior was noticed in the two chains in respect of orientation. While one chain appeared zigzagged with alternate centromeres facing the same pole, the other chain invariably appeared in linear configuration. As a result of complex configurations at metaphase I and the high frequency of univalents, anaphase I segregation of chromosomes was highly irregular with 84% cells showing 1–3 lagging chromosomes. The average pollen viability determined for the seven clones studied was very low (17.87 ± 2.57%). The probable cause(s) of the different behaviors of the chain multiples at the two meiotic stages is discussed.
Growth of juvenile striped seabream, Lithognathus mormyrus (Teleostei: Sparidae) in the Adriatic Sea

Growth of juvenile Lithognathus mormyrus from the Duce Glava, eastern Adriatic Sea, was analysed. A total of 2133 juveniles, ranging in total lenght from 0.8 to 10.3 cm, were caught. Most individuals (99.53%) belonged to the 0+ cohort. The first settlers, aged 1.5-2.0 months, were recorded at the end of August. Relationship between total length and weight indicates positive allometric growth (b = 3.141). The condition factor, as a consequence of length-weight relationship, was CF = 1.245. The Gompertz (c = 0.080 mm day-1 ; R2 = 0.962) and linear equation (c = 0.051 mm day-1 ; R2 = 0.956) seem to be the most appropriate for the description of young L. mormyrus growth. The commonly used length-weight relationship and condition factor were applied. Several growth models were tested: linear, exponential, logarithmic, parabolic, VBGE, and the generalized Gompertz growth equation.
The effect of osseodensification on implant stability and bone density: A prospective observational study

Background The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of implant site preparation in low-density bone using osseodensification method in terms of implant stability changes during the osseous healing period and peri-implant bone density using CBCT. Material and Methods This prospective observational clinical study included 24 patients who received 46 dental implants that were installed in low-density bone using the osseodensification method. CBCT was used to measure the bone density pre- and postoperatively and implant stability was measured using Periotest® immediately after implant insertion and then after 6 weeks and 12 weeks postoperatively. The data were analyzed using paired t-test and the probability value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of the 46 implants, 43 were osseointegrated making the early survival of the implants 93.5%. There was a significant increase in bone density postoperatively; 337.6 ±182.9 compared to 265.3 ±173.9 Hounsfield units preoperatively. The primary implant stability was -2.7 ± 2.13 Periotest values (PTV), at the 6th week it decreased significantly (p<0.0001) to become 0.7 (± 4) PTV, and at the 12th week (secondary stability) it increased significantly (p<0.0001) to become -2.1 (± 2.8) PTV. The difference between primary and secondary stability was statistically non-significant (p=0.0814). Conclusions Osseodensification resulted in high primary stability and increased peri-implant bone density but it did not prevent the implant stability drop during the first 6 weeks after insertion of implants. Key words:Osseodensification, implant stability, low-density bone.
The effect of biodegradable nonwovens in butterhead lettuce cultivation for early harvest

Abstract Field experiments using ‘melt-blown’ biodegradable nonwovens were carried out on the ‘Melodion’ butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.) cultivar for early harvest. All biodegradable nonwovens were manufactured in the Institute of Biopolymers and Chemical Fibres and POLMATEX CENARO in Łódź, Poland. Lettuce seeds were sown into boxes in a greenhouse at the beginning of March, and transplants were planted into the field at the beginning of April. Biodegradable nonwovens - aromatic polyester IBWCH 75 g m-2, polybutylene succinate Bionolle 100 g m-2 and standard polypropylene PP Agro 20 g m-2 - were stretched over the lettuce in the field. The covers were kept on until 4-5 days before harvest. Plots without covers were defined as the control. Ascorbic acid, soluble sugar, dry matter, nitrates, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents were recorded in the leaves. All biodegradable nonwovens showed a positive effect on yielding in comparison to the control in 2009. In the second year of the experiment, there were no significant differences between covers with regard to the yield. Dry matter and soluble sugar content in both years of the experiment was diversified. Nonwovens used as covers in 2009 significantly increased the content of nitrates in comparison to the control. In the second year, the highest level of nitrates was demonstrated in the control object. It is worth underlining that the maximum allowed limit of nitrate content in lettuce (4000 mg kg f.w.) was not exceed. The kind of cover had no significant effect on the level of chlorophyll a in 2009 or chlorophyll b and carotenoids in 2009 and 2010 in the lettuce
Angular Sensitivity of Neutron-Induced Single-Event Upsets in 12-nm FinFET SRAMs With Comparison to 20-nm Planar SRAMs

The angular sensitivity of neutron-induced single-event upsets (SEUs) is studied in 12-nm FinFET SRAMs. Irradiation experiments are performed using a terrestrial environment-compatible source with varying incidence angles. The analyses of the occurrence rates of SEUs and multiple-bit upsets (MBUs) demonstrate that although the SEU rate decreases at grazing incidence, the MBU rate increases when the incidence direction is parallel to the word lines (WLs) of the SRAM array, as similarly observed in our previous experiments for 20-nm planar SRAMs. It is found that the angular response of multiple-cell upsets (MCUs) is different between the 12-nm FinFET and 20-nm planar SRAMs. The comparative analysis of the voltage dependence of the MCU ratio reveals that this difference is due to the different contribution of parasitic bipolar effects (PBEs), which are more significant in the 20-nm planar SRAMs. It is also indicated that in the 12-nm FinFET SRAMs, the contribution of PBEs is relatively large when the incidence angle is parallel to the WLs. Through the characterization of the MCU events, the validity of this picture is confirmed based on the voltage dependence of the pattern-wise MCU ratio with the consideration of the impact of PBEs on fail bit patterns.
Independent Evaluation of A Bioenergetics Model For Largemouth Bass

We evaluated a bioenergetics model for largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, using independent field data on temperature, feeding, and growth of bass in Lake Rebecca, Minnesota. Model predictions of body mass based on observed temperatures and daily ration estimates fell within 2 SE of observed mean body masses on seven of nine sampling dates over a 4—mo period. We employed three statistical methods to evaluate the fit between predicted and observed growth. A lack—of—fit test detected no significant lack of fit between simulated and observed body masses; partitioning mean squared error showed that 76% of the variance was due to random variation rather than to systematic errors, and a reliability index indicated agreement between predicted and observed masses within a factor of 1.12. Growth simulations were relatively robust with respect to simulated errors in the input variables temperatures and swimming speed, but were sensitive to errors in initial body mass. The model used to observed growth to predict cumulative food consumption over the sampling season; the prediction was within 8.5% of an extrapolation from field data. Estimation of consumption rate as a constant proportion of maximum ration for the whole season was shown to be inappropriate; however, three intervals that used different constant proportions of maximum ration fit the data and corresponded to observed changes in bass diet.
Increase in Brain Effective Connectivity in Multitasking but not in a High-Fatigue State

Multitasking has become omnipresent in daily activities and increased brain connectivity under high workload conditions has been reported. Moreover, the effect of fatigue on neural activity has been shown in participants performing cognitive tasks, but the effect of fatigue on different cognitive workload conditions is unclear. In this article, we investigated the effect of fatigue on changes in effective connectivity (EC) across the brain network under distinctive workload conditions. There were 133 electroencephalography (EEG) data sets collected from 16 participants over a five-month study, in which high-risk, reduced, and normal states of real-world fatigue were identified through a daily sampling system. The participants were required to perform a lane-keeping task (LKT) with/without multimodal dynamic attention-shifting (DAS) tasks. The results show that the EC magnitude is positively correlated with the increased workload in normal and reduced states. However, low EC was discovered in the high-risk state under high workload conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this investigation is the first EEG-based longitudinal study of real-world fatigue under multitasking conditions. These results could be beneficial for real-life applications, and adaptive models are essential for monitoring important brain patterns under varying workload demands and fatigue states.
Schiff-Based Fluorescent-ON Sensor L Synthesis and Its Application for Selective Determination of Cerium in Aqueous Media

In the present study, a fluorescent sensor L for sensing of Ce3+ ion was designed and characterized by XRD, 1HNMR, and FTIR. Its fluorescence behavior towards metal ion was examined by fluorescence spectroscopy. Chelation-enhanced fluorescence was shown by the sensor L upon interaction with Ce3+ ion. This fluorescent sensor exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity towards Ce3+ ion in acetonitrile solution, forming 2 : 1 (L : M) complex as determined by Job’s plot. Association constant was found to be estimated from the Benesi-Hildebrand plot. No significant interference was observed in the presence of other studied alkali, alkaline, and transition metal ions. A rapid response was observed when employed for the determination of Ce3+ ion in spiked water samples with a limit of detection equal to .
Karyotypic Studies of Commelina benghalensis variety benghalensis and C. forskalaei (Commelinaceae) from Nigeria

The study investigated the mitotic chromosomes of two variants of C. benghalensis var. benghalensis and C. forskalaei from Nigeria using classical cytogenetic techniques. The two variants of C. benghalensis var. benghalensis have the same diploid chromosome number of 2n=22 and the same karyotype formula of (8 m+10 sm+4 st) chromosomes. The two variants of C. forskalaei have the same diploid chromosome number of 2n=30 and the same karyotype formula of (14 m+ 6 sm+10 st) chromosomes. Terminal satellites were observed on the short arms of sub-terminal chromosome pair number 13 of C. forskalaei cf1 and the short arms of sub-terminal chromosome pair number 7 of C. forskalaei cf2. No satellites were observed in the chromosomes of the two variants of C. benghalensis. The chromosomes of the two variants of C. benghalensis var. benghalensis are mainly medium sized (1.00–1.43 μm) while the chromosomes of C. forskalaei are mainly small sized (0.47–0.97 μm). Results indicate interspecific variation in chromosome numbers and forms in the two Commelina species investigated.
The life cycles and age of Carabus glabratus Paykull and C.problematicus Herbst (Col.: Carabidae) on moorland in northern England

Abstract. 1. The life cycles of C.glabratus and C.problematicus on moorland in northern England were studied in 1967. C.glabratus was a spring/summer breeder whilst C.problematicus was a late summer/autumn breeder and both had biennial life cycles.
The effects of light and temperature on settlement and germination of Enteromorpha

The positive phototactic response of gametes of Enteromorpha is lost on fusion and the zygotes settle in the region of aggregation if a suitable substratum is available, otherwise they sink and settle under gravity. The zygotes and germlings remain viable in total darkness for at least 6 weeks. The first-formed rhizoids are negatively phototropic. The rate of germination of zoospores is more than doubled by a rise in temperature from 10 to 20°C. The relationships of these observations to Enteromorpha as a ship-fouling organism are discussed.
Ovarian contents of immunoreactive β-endorphin and α-N-acetylated opioid peptides in rats

beta-Endorphin was measured by radioimmunoassay in homogenates of ovaries from immature Sprague-Dawley rats (21-29 days of age) and found to be present at levels of about 0.6-0.7 ng/ovary. After administration of PMSG there was approximately a 4-fold increase (2-3 ng/ovary) in total ovarian immunoreactive (ir) beta-endorphin 48 h after injection. Analysis of follicular fluid from similarly treated rats indicated about the same amount of ovarian ir-beta-endorphin (2-3 ng/ovary) as in ovarian homogenates, suggesting that most of the ir-beta-endorphin is localized in follicular fluid of PMSG-primed immature rats. Immature rats were made pseudopregnant by administration of hCG 48 h after PMSG, and at 24 h after injection of hCG there was a slight, but significant and reproducible, increase in the ovarian content of ir-beta-endorphin. The serum concentration of ir-beta-endorphin was in the range of 1-3 ng/ml and was unaffected by PMSG and PMSG/hCG; likewise, the pituitary content of ir-beta-endorphin did not change following administration of gonadotrophins to immature rats. In mature cyclic animals, levels of 2-4 ng ir-beta-endorphin/ovary were found, comparable to those in the ovaries of PMSG-primed immature rats, and there were only small changes during the oestrous cycle. In addition to ir-beta-endorphin, we also obtained evidence for the presence of alpha-N-acetylated opioid peptides (endorphins or enkephalins) in the ovaries of PMSG-primed immature and mature rats. The physiological role of the opioid peptides in reproductive tissue is unknown, but they are presumably acting in an autocrine or paracrine fashion.
Short-term variation in the Calanus sinicus ammonium excretion rate during the post-capture period

Short-term variation in the ammonium excretion rate by Calanus sinicus during the post-capture period was evaluated in 1-h incubations. Incubation water volume (13 mL vs. 100 mL) did not significantly affect the excretion rate, and the overall mean excretion rate of C. sinicus was similar to reported values from congeneric species. However, the 24-h variations in the excretion rate denoted that acclimation stress decreased the excretion rates 1–2 h after introduction to a no-food condition. The effect of presence/absence of food was not significant up to 24 h after capture.
Floristic richness of three perhumid New Zealand alpine plant communities in comparison with other regions

Results are presented on vascular species richness in three representative alpine plant communities at 1040-1410 m on Mt Burns in the perhumid Fiordland region, a hotspot of alpine plant diversity, in south-western South Island, New Zealand. Overall species richness was not dissimilar between the three communities in any of the eight plot sizes (mean values of 20.8-24.4 species in the largest plots of 100 m 2 ), even though coefficients of floristic similarity were small (17.9; 23.5) between both low-alpine communities (snow tussock-shrubland and snow tussock grassland) and the high-alpine cushion fellfield. Vascular species richness was generally similar to that in the few other oceanic New Zealand alpine communities for which data are available. The decline in richness from the low-alpine to high-alpine zones, revealed in more comprehensive records from two other regions with generally similar oceanic environments, was not recorded, indeed was reversed, on Mt Burns. Whether the recognized biodiversity hotspot of Fiordland has a generally richer high-alpine flora than other regions in New Zealand needs further examination. The general pattern of alpine floristic richness in relation to elevation, in New Zealand, also prevails in most alpine regions abroad, usually under much more extreme continental environments. This pattern is usually ascribed to the associated decrease in temperature. Both the small size of the land mass and/or associated environmental conditions may be implicated but clarification awaits further data, preferably collected with standardized procedures.
The antimicrobial activity and microbiological safety of stingless bee honeys from Costa Rica

Summary Stingless bee honeys from Costa Rica possess etnopharmacological value mainly as a wound dressing. The microbiological study by APHA methods reported that 83 % of the honeys analysed had microbial counts that comply with European Pharmacopoeia's acceptance criteria for microbiological quality of non-sterile substances for pharmaceutical use. All samples reported the absence of Clostridium botuiinum spores by PCR. Over 90 % of Tetragonisca angustula and Melipona beecheii honeys inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus at minimum inhibitory concentrations lower than MedihoneyTM. Under the conditions tested, MedihoneyTM was not active against Candida albicans, whereas 53 % of T angustula honeys rendered inhibition. The melissopalynological analyses reported a homogeneous (monofloral) botanical composition for the Meliponini honeys, which emphasizes the contribution of nectar constituents to the antimicrobial activity and provides foundation to the standardization of a desired inhibitory effect. The traditional use of Costa Rican stingless bee honey as a dressing for burns and wounds reveals the application of a proficient antiseptic agent with low health associated risks.
FORAMEN OVALE AND DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS BOTALLI IN AQUATIC MAMMALS

Rccherchcs sur Pocclusion du trou ovale et sur le canal arteriel de Botal chez les mammifcres aquatiques, reposant sur de nombreuses dissections de Baleinoptcres, Marsouins, Phoque veau-marin et divers autres Pinnipedes. Le trou ovale s'oblitere pen de temps apres la naissance, sauf chez le Phoque veaumarin oil ce phenomene est retarde. Le canal art£riel de Botal s'oblitere ä un äge de 2-5 semaines chez les Pinnipedes (sauf le Phoque veau-marin), a 4-14 mois chez le Marsouin et les autres Delphinidos, et reste ouvert au moins jusqu'ä 13 ans chez les Baleinopteres. Gette obliteration est done considerablement retardee par rapport aux animaux terrestres. Ces faits sont en rapport avec la tension en oxygcne du sang. L'elevation de celle-ci apres la naissance entraine l'occlusion du canal ; une ddficience en oxygcne est au contraire capable de l'ouvrir a nouveau. L'auteur examine la biologic des animaux marins en fonction de ces diverses donnees et compare notamment les Cetaces et le Phoque veau-marin aux autres Pinnipedes, dont les jeunes ne ponetrent dans Peau qu'ägos de 3-4 semaines au moins et parfois plus.
Time-Varying Beta—The Case Study of the Largest Companies from the Polish, Czech, and Hungarian Stock Exchange

ABSTRACT The main goal of this article is to investigate empirically the Kalman approach to estimate the time-varying beta parameter as a systematic investment risk market in Poland, Czech Republic, and Hungary. In our research, we investigate the assessments of beta on the basis of seven specifications of time-varying beta for the 12 largest companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (Poland), 7 on Prague Stock Exchange (Czech Republic), and 11 on Budapest Stock Exchange (Hungary). The obtained results are compared with the estimates received on the basis of Sharpe’s linear model. Estimations are made using the maximum likelihood method for monthly data in the period 2005–2017. We are presenting the ranking of the used specifications according to three criteria of goodness of fit and the matrix of correlation coefficients between the results of these specifications. The results show that the Kalman filter estimators outperform the others.
Molecular analysis of genetic variation among alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Medicago ruthenica clones

Medicago ruthenica (L.) Ledebour is an allogamous diploid (2n = 2x = 16) perennial indigenous to Siberia, Mongolia and Manchuria with a remarkable ability to survive mechanical and physiological stress. The possibility of hybridizing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and M. ruthenica is being investigated. The objective of the current research was to conduct a molecular assessment of genetic relatedness and inter- and intra-specific genetic variation in cultivated alfalfa (2n = 4x = 32) and M. ruthenica. Seventeen alfalfa clones, selected randomly from the broad-based population W10- AC3, and 17 agronomically superior M. ruthenica clones, tracing to 17 collection sites in Inner Mongolia, were studied using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Anchored Microsatellite Priming (AMSP), and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) analyses of genomic DNA. Mean genetic distances (GD) within M. ruthenica and alfalfa clones were 0.5 and 0.56, respectively, based on RAPD/AMSP data, and 0.29 and 0.40, respectively, based on SSR.