Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimized temporal energy deposition for advanced processing of Si and SiC based on highly flexible TruMicro series 2000

Within the last decade, ultrafast laser micromachining has found broad applications in a variety of scientific and industrial fields. Likewise, green technologies like E-mobility, photovoltaics or wind power plants have become essential in helping to protect our environment within the last years. Such advancements as well as improvements concerning other electronic devices are profiting from a continuous progress in semiconductor development. Hereby, among other wide-gap semiconductors, SiC is a key material for the production of many high power electronic devices due to its beneficial material properties. Compared to Si-based devices, electronic elements based on SiC enable higher voltages or an increase of general device efficiency. Since well-established production technologies for Si are often not directly transferrable to the machining of SiC, efficient and productive laser-based micromachining calls for extensive parameter studies prior to volume production. In this contribution, we show a comparison of ultra-short pulsed Si- and SiC-machining, as well as different benefits of highly flexible laser systems like the TruMicro series 2000. Choosing an optimized temporal energy deposition on a short- to ultra-short timescale can address a variety of machining aspects like ablation efficiency and surface quality. Using the unique features of the TruMicro series 2000, the temporal energy deposition can be influenced during operation on a femto- up to a microsecond timescale by tuning parameters such as the ultrashort pulse duration or employing bursts in the MHz- and GHz-regime. This enhanced flexibility leads to comprehensive and automated parameter studies that allow for next-generation process understanding.
Evaluation of dissolved heavy metals in water of the Sungai Semenyih (Peninsular Malaysia) using environmetric methods

The study to determine the concentrations of dissolved heavy metals in the Sungai Semenyih and to use the environmetric methods to evaluate the influence of different pollution sources on heavy metals concentrations was carried out. Cluster analysis (CA) classified 8 sampling stations into two clusters based on the similarity of sampling stations characteristics, cluster 1 included stations 1, 2, 3 and 4 (low pollution area), whereas cluster 2 comprised of stations 5, 6, 7 and 8 (high pollution area). Principal component analysis (PCA) of the two datasets yield two factors for low pollution area and three factors for the high pollution area at Eigenvalues >1, representing 92.544% and 100% of the total variance in each heavy metals data sets and allowed to gather selected heavy metals based on the anthropogenic and lithologic sources of contamination.
Machine-learning-aided abstraction of photonic integrated circuits in software-defined optical transport

In order to cope with the fast increase in data traffic demand, optical networks are fast evolving towards the disaggregation and progressive implementation of the openness paradigm. Such an evolution is enabling the application of the software-defined networking below the IP layer, down to the optical transmission (SD-OTN). SD-OTN is enabled by the capability of the network controller to automatized management of photonic switching systems, and allowing their full virtualization and softwarisation. To this purpose, one of the major matter of contention is an efficient utilization of routing strategies, which can be seamlessly incorporated into the control plane. In this work, we rely on data-driven science (DDS) to develop the machine learning (ML) model which is able to predict the routing strategies of generic N x N photonic switching system without any knowledge required of the topology. The dataset used for training and testing the ML model is generated “synthetically”. In particular, the training and testing of the proposed ML module is done in a completely topological and technological agnostic way and is able to perform its application in real-time. Furthermore, the scalability and accuracy of the proposed approach is verified by considering two different switching topologies: the Honey-Comb Rearrangeable Optical Switch and the Beneš network. Promising results are achieved in terms of predicting the control signals matrix for both of the considered topologies.
A REVIEW OF CULTURE AND COMMUNICATION ORIENTATION AMONG MALAY WORKERS TOWARDS SILENCE BEHAVIOUR TENDENCY

This article discusses the review of the concept of culture, value, and belief in the Malay community. The focus is on the Malay workers working in a German organisation in Malaysia. Previous studies show that there are communication and cultural gaps when workers from various races and countries working in a multinational organisation. Asian communities mainly Malay, practices collective values such as cooperation among members, care about others' dignities and, silence due to some factors which indirectly affect communication orientation while working with other races. These practices are different from the European community who observes individualistic values. Typically, the Malays work together in voicing opinions or maintaining long-term relationships. In this article, the authors discuss the groupthink theory, which may influence the workers' behaviours in organisations and decision making.
Solar Activity of the Past 100 Years Inferred From 10Be in Ice Cores—Implications for Long‐Term Solar Activity Reconstructions

Differences between 10Be records from Greenland and Antarctica over the last 100 years have led to different conclusions about past changes in solar activity. The reasons for this disagreement remain unresolved. We analyze a seasonally resolved 10Be record from a firn core (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling [NEEM] ice core project) in Northwestern Greenland for 1887–2002. By comparing the NEEM data to 10Be data from the NGRIP and Dye3 ice cores, we find that the Dye3 data after 1958 are significantly lower. These low values lead to a normalization problem in solar reconstructions when connecting 10Be variations to modern observations. Excluding these data strongly reduces the differences between solar reconstructions over the last 2,000 years based on Greenland and Antarctic 10Be data. Furthermore, 10Be records from polar regions and group sunspot numbers do not support a substantial increase in solar activity for the 1937–1950 period as proposed by previous extensions of the neutron monitor data.
Growth and development of vanda (Vanda sanderiana) explants in vitro on the effect of extracts of organic matter

This study aims to determine the appropriate extract of organic matter to be substituted on MS media, to obtain Vanda orchid Vanda sanderiana plantlets ready for acclimatization. The study consisted of 2 experiments, the first experiment, factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the first factor was tomato extract, consisting of 3 levels (tomato extract 50 ml/l; tomato extract 100 ml/l, and tomato extract 150 ml/l) and the second factor consists of 3 levels of bean sprouts extract (100 ml/l bean sprouts extract, 150 ml/l bean sprouts extract, 200 ml/l bean sprouts extract). The second experiment compared the best or most efficient composition of the first experiment with BAP media (3 ppm), using the T-test. In the first experiment the growth variables (plant height and number of leaves) of all treatments were not significantly different, but the highest number of shoots was obtained at 50 ml/l tomato extract and 100 ml/l bean sprouts extract (6 shoots), the other 1-2 shoots. This treatment in the second experiment was proven to show a better plant height, leaf number and number of shoots than plant growth in BAP media (3 ppm).
Physicochemical and rheological properties of crude polysaccharides extracted from Tremella fuciformis with different methods

ABSTRACT The crude polysaccharides obtained by different extraction methods have different uses in food and cosmetics, mainly due to the significant differences in physicochemical and rheological properties. Crude Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (TPs) were extracted by five different methods: hot-water extraction (TP1), high-pressure water extraction (TP2), alkali extraction (TP3), acid extraction (TP4) and enzyme-assisted extraction (TP5). Their extraction yield, chemical composition, molecular weight, micromorphological structure and rheological properties were investigated and compared. They all were acid heteropolysaccharides with mannose as the main chain. Five TPs had similar dynamic viscoelasticity, exhibited viscous characteristics at low vibration frequencies and elastic characteristics at higher vibration frequencies. TP3, TP4 and TP5 solutions are not easily deformed and are suitable for applying in the products that require shape retention. This paper provides some theoretical data support for the scientific research of crude Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide and its application in food, medicine and cosmetics.
Determinants of online brand communities’ and millennials’ characteristics: A social influence perspective

Online communities have evolved to allow larger numbers of individuals to interact with other users to form a collective virtual environment influenced by members within the community. Existing studies on online brand communities (OBCs) tied millennials ’ participation and interactions to a unidimensional view. Specifically, OBCs scholars generally aggregate individual millennials ’ participation and commitment, ignoring the variance among the demographic cohort. Our exploration challenges not only the existing en-semble interpretation within studies of OBC but also the characterisation of millennials ’ burgeoning participation in OBCs. Unlike other competing epistemologies, the authors developed a conceptual framework that links a holistic set of OBCs ’ characteristics (brand sentiment, identification with source, affirmative experience, conspicuous effect) to consumers ’ perceptions in the fashion sector. Drawing on social influence theory along with a constructivist perspective, we conducted fine ‐ grained in ‐ depth interviews to ex-plore millennials ’ participation in online communities and brand perceptions in the fashion industry. The main findings reveal four categories of customer engagement in OBCs (bias situators, sugar ‐ coaters, rationalisers, judgmentalists). These key categories are explored to create a framework for future research in this area, and further contribute to the field of online brand engagement, particularly in the fashion industry.
Japanese University Students’ Attitudes toward and Usage of Facebook in English Classes: The Implications

本研究では，日本人学生のFacebookに対する態度を調査するとともに，こうした代替ソーシャルネットワークプラットフォームを利用することによる言語学習への影響や授業での活用法についても調査した。 本研究には，教育学部，法学部，工学部という英語を専門としない3つの学部の合計163名の日本人学生が2年間に渡り参加した。 Facebookに対する態度のデータと実際の利用データは， 2つのアンケートによって収集された。 その結果，多くの学生はグローバルで本格的なSNSを使った教室活動に価値を見出していたが，彼らの利用データと照らし合わせると，Facebookは必ずしも最良のプラットフォームとして選ばれていた訳ではないことが明らかになった。 参加者のうち，今回のプロジェクト以外でFacebookを積極的に利用していると回答したのはわずか6％であった。 他方，学生の回答によれば，約98％の学生はLINEを利用しており，73％の学生もYouTubeを頻繁に利用していた。 更に，50％以上の学生がInstagramやTwitterを定期的に利用していた。 本稿では，現在の文献を参考にしながら，これらの回答とその背景にある理由を詳細に検討した。
Quadric surfaces in the Pfaffian hypersurface in ℙ14

We study smooth quadric surfaces in the Pfaffian hypersurface in parameterizing 6 × 6 skew-symmetric matrices of rank at most 4, not intersecting its singular locus. Such surfaces correspond to quadratic systems of skew-symmetric matrices of size 6 and constant rank 4, and give rise to a globally generated vector bundle E on the quadric. We analyse these bundles and their geometry, relating them to linear congruences in .
The Solubility of Th(IV) and U(IV) Hydrous Oxides in Concentrated NaCl and MgCl2 Solutions

The solubilities of Th(IV) and U(IV) hydrous oxides can be used to set Upper limits on Th(IV) and U(IV) concentrations that can leach out of salt repositories which contain concentrated Na and Mg Chloride brines. Therefore, the solubilities of Th(IV) and U(IV) hydrous oxides were studied in concentrated solutions of NaCl (ranging up to 6.0 m) and MgClz (ranging up to 3.0 m) over a wide ränge of H^ concentrations and equilibration periods. Extreme precautions (such as the use of pure U(IV) stock solutions, EuCli reducing agent, and deoxygenated waters through equilibrations with Fe powder) were taken to ensure that the dissolved U was present as U(IV). Similar trends of rapidly decreasing solubilities, 3 to 4 Orders of magnitude with a unit change in pChs over very narrow ranges in pCH+ values, for both hydrous oxides and the oxidation State analyses of aqueous U indicate that U was being maintained as U(IV). The differences in solubility between the two hydrous oxides did not change significantly over wide ranges of Chloride concentrations. These solubility data, along with other data available in the literature, are interpreted using Pitzer's ion-interaction model, which requires the use of 1) U""̂ , Th""̂ , and UOH'"^ species and binary interactions of these species with Cl", 2) cation-cation and cation-cation-anion interactions involving Th"* with bulk electrolyte ions, and 3) log of the solubility products of U02(am) and Th02(am) of -53.45 and -45.5, respectively. The model predictions agree well with the experimental solubilities of U(IV) and Th hydrous oxides in dilute to concentrated NaCl and MgCU solutions.
Politically Connected Boards and Audit Pricing: U.S. Evidence

This study investigates the impact of political connections, as measured by having directors that previously held political positions, on the pricing of audits. We document that auditors charge higher fees to politically connected firms than to similar non-connected firms. Our findings are robust to a battery of additional analyses including (1) propensity score matching, (2) entropy balancing, (3) changes analysis, and (4) a fixed effects model with transaction-based measures of political connections (i.e., campaign contributions and lobbying expenditures) in the model. The effect of political connections on audit fees is mitigated by independent monitoring. Moreover, the main effect is stronger in firms with more complicated operational structures and higher litigation risk, but weaker for distressed firms. Although our findings suggest that auditors exert greater effort at politically connected clients, we show that connected clients report significantly higher discretionary accruals, consistent with auditors' incremental effort being insufficient to fully offset the audit risk inherent in these engagements. Collectively, our study sheds light on how auditors perceive political connections and their impact on financial reporting quality.
Consumer Intention to Participate in E-Waste Collection Programs: A Study of Smartphone Waste in Indonesia

Indonesia is a developing country with a low-level e-waste management system based on a limited number of informal initiatives. E-waste requires proper management procedures, which involve the design of a reverse logistics management network. Consumers play a critical role in such a network, because the network runs when they willingly participate as suppliers of waste. This paper applies the Theory of Planned Behavior framework and extends it using Reverse Logistics drivers, the Value Belief Norm Theory, and facility accessibility to explain consumer intention to participate in e-waste collection programs. A survey was conducted on smartphone users in Indonesia, with a total of 324 valid questionnaires. The results showed that government drivers, facility accessibility, and personal attitudes significantly influence consumer intentions. Environmental concern has a positive influence on consumer intentions through the variables of the Theory of Planned Behavior and perceived behavioral control through government drivers. This study shows the need for integration, because the variables reinforce each other. However, neither economic drivers nor subjective norms significantly influence consumer intentions. This finding distinguishes Indonesia from other countries, especially developed countries, in that e-waste collection programs have not become part of the culture in Indonesia. For this reason, Indonesia needs regulations, as the most influential variable, to regulate the implementation of such a program.
Assessment Instrument on Measuring Physics Verbal Representation Ability of Senior High School Students

The problem questions used in the physics learning assessment process do not only require the ability of students to apply concepts only in solving problems. But more than that, these questions measure how the concept can be applied in various situations, and how students make sense in solving the problems. Representing the same concept and then conveying it in a different form is the meaning of multiple representations. The ability of multi representation is one of the most important abilities to be mastered by students. For this reason, this study aims to develop a question instrument and to determine the characteristics of the verbal representation questions of Physics on Particle Dynamics, Newton's Law of Gravity, and Work and Energy. A total of 39 verbal representation questions were developed and tested on 322 students in Yogyakarta. The selection of the trial subjects was done by using the purposive sampling method. The steps for developing the instrument are, (1) Determination of test objectives, (2) Determination of test materials, (3) Designing test blueprints, (4) Writing test questions based on verbal indicators, (5) Content Validation, (6) Determination test subjects, (7) test implementation, and (8) analyzing test results. A total of 39 verbal representation questions have been developed with the format of two-tier multiple-choice questions. Valid items based on the results of content validation analysis using Aiken's V based on expert judgment and empirically, according to the PCM model. The difficulty index of all items on the test instrument is in a good category between -0.49 to 1.9. Test questions are very suitable for measuring verbal representation skills with an ability range of -2.3≤ θ ≤ 1.9. The results of this test item analysis can be used as a guide in assembling and presenting questions to measure the verbal representation ability of high school students in physics learning.
Water-Sediment Physicochemical Dynamics in a Large Reservoir in the Mediterranean Region under Multiple Stressors

Nowadays, the Mediterranean freshwater systems face the threat of water scarcity, along with multiple other stressors (e.g., organic and inorganic contamination, geomorphological alterations, invasive species), leading to the impairment of their ecosystem services. All these stressors have been speeding up, due to climate variability and land cover/land use changes, turning them into a big challenge for the water management plans. The present study analyses the physicochemical and phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll-a) dynamics of a large reservoir, in the Mediterranean region (Alqueva reservoir, Southern Portugal), under diverse meteorological conditions and land cover/land use real scenarios (2017 and 2018). The most important stressors were identified and the necessary tools and information for a more effective management plan were provided. Changes in these parameters were further related to the observed variations in the meteorological conditions and in the land cover/land use. The increase in nutrients and ions in the water column, and of potentially toxic metals in the sediment, were more obvious in periods of severe drought. Further, the enhancement of nutrients concentrations, potentially caused by the intensification of agricultural activities, may indicate an increased risk of water eutrophication. The results highlight that a holistic approach is essential for a better water resources management strategy.
Assessing News Credibility: Misinformation Content Indicators

The development of explainable news credibility prediction models is critical both for fighting the viral propagation of misinformation and improving media literacy. This work investigates a variety of content indicators approaching different semantic and discourse dimensions, such as title representativeness, reasoning errors, and sentiment intensity. These indicators were inspired by a previous study conducted for English news, aimed at reaching a collective consensus on which indicators could be widely used for predicting news credibility. This new study, performed by a multi-disciplinary team, relies on a corpus of 80 news articles from Portuguese mainstream and alternative news media, which were annotated by junior and senior journalists. The assessment of the corpus annotations provides insight into the prevalence of different indicators in each type of news source. The results obtained for Portuguese correlate in most cases with the ones reported for English, which motivates the adoption of common standards for supporting the collaborative development of interoperable automatic misinformation detection approaches.
Shapers or schemers of collaborative governance: network management in England’s Local Enterprise Partnerships

ABSTRACT The coordination of inter-organisational networks is key to their success and yet partnership management in the context of regional economic development remains a complex and ambiguous process. To address this lack of understanding, this article reviews the extant literature on brokerage and network coordination and presents a theoretical framework comprising three propositions on the benefits of a private sector influence over the management and coordination of multi-organisational economic development partnerships. The propositions are then explored through a qualitative study of those tasked with the role of leading the management of Local Enterprise Partnerships in England. The findings conversely reveal a reliance on the public sector to lead the framing and mobilisation of these networks and questions whether the policy shift has resulted in truly collaborative governance.
Weakly supervised salient object detection via double object proposals guidance

The weakly supervised methods for salient object detection are attractive, since they greatly release the burden of annotating time-consuming pixel-wise masks. However, the image-level annotations utilized by current weakly supervised salient object detection models are too weak to provide sufﬁcient supervision for this dense prediction task. To this end, a weakly supervised salient object detection method is proposed via double object proposals guidance, which is generated under the supervision of double bounding boxes annotations. With the double object proposals, the authors’ method is capable of capturing both accurate but incomplete salient foreground and background information, which contributes to generating saliency maps with uniformly highlighted saliency regions and effectively suppressed background. In addition, an unsupervised salient object segmentation method is proposed, taking advantage of the non-parametric statistical active contour model (NSACM), for segmenting salient objects with complete and compact boundaries. Experiments on ﬁve benchmark datasets show