Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eﬀect of Tensor Representations for High-order Turbulence Correlations in Complex Axi-symmetric Flow Fields

Dual-stream ﬂows are common feature of turbofan engines in civil aviation. For jet ﬂows with a signiﬁcant (i.e. proportional of total mass ﬂow) bypass stream, transport of momentum through mixing between streams may cause an apparent departure of axi-symmetric turbulence conditions. One of the pertinent features of such departure is the diﬀerence in amplitude of transverse diagonal components of velocity and Reynolds stress based correlation function– that is correlation tensors of rank 2 and 4 respectively. Since these functions play a direct role in, among other things, the sound generation process, their accurate representation into an irreducible tensor form is vital in Engineering analysis. This paper builds on our previous work (AIAA 2020-2573, [1]) in which we assessed the kinematic structure of generalized auto-covariance tensor using turbulence data obtained by highly resolved Large-Eddy Simulations of complex dual stream jets. Now, however, we extend this work further by showing how a generalized form of the axisymmetric representation theory of the appropriate tensor correlation functions can be determined by exploiting the experimental observation that such correlation metrics are localized in small azimuthal separations for axisymmetric jets. The paper summarizes the new theory and shows initial comparisons of an appropriate tensor form using LES data reported in our previous work.
Adult and student perspectives on racial and ethnic equity‐informed school‐based strategies

Abstract Although racial and ethnic equity‐informed school‐based strategies are important to addressing racialized structures and processes that create and sustain racial trauma, disadvantage and disparity, little is known about the process of embedding racial and ethnic equity in school‐based strategies and how adults and young people perceive them to promote a positive school climate and youth development. Using a qualitative research approach that included focus groups, this study examined student of color and school and community partner staff perceptions of the role and influence racial and ethnic equity‐informed school‐based strategies in one middle school have on the school's climate and students of color experiences and development. Findings suggest that racial and ethnic equity‐informed social and emotional learning strategies are important in facilitating positive student–teacher interactions and identity and social‐emotional development among students of color. Participant's experiences in and perceptions of the impact these strategies have on school climate and youth development substantiate the need to understand racial and ethnic equity as a process‐oriented approach that requires continuous improvement, rather than just an outcome‐focused endeavor. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Batch and Fed-Batch Production of β-carotene by Rhodotorula Toruloides KP324973 Using Corn Steep Liquor As Sole Carbon Source

Application of agro-industrial waste in microbial fermentation is interesting in economic and environmental aspects. Carotenoids production by Rhodotorula toruloides KP324973 was investigated using corn steep liquor (CSL) as sole carbon source. Haldane model with constants µmax = 0.056 h-1, KS = 1.54 vv-1%, and KI = 58.58 vv-1% showed best describe of cell growth kinetics on CLS. A same maximum carotenoid production rate (Rp) about 2.23 μg gcell-1 h-1 was obtained at initial CSL concentration of 5 v/v% after 72 h and 21 h in batch cultivation in shaken flasks and bubble column reactor (BCR), respectively. Further improvement of carotenogenesis was followed by fed-batch cultivation in BCR where the optimal setting of factors at feed flow rate of 5 mL h-1, pH of 5.66, and temperature 14 ˚C gained a highest Rp = 8.686 μg gcell-1 h-1. Chromatographic analysis showed more than 94% of produced carotenes was β-carotene.
Two decades of active fire data in Huascaran Biosphere Reserve (Peru): patterns and future challenges to prevent wildfires.

Background The Andes are recognized as center of biocultural and biological diversity that provide multiple ecosystem services threatened by different anthropogenic forces. Here, fires are widely used in agriculture and other traditional activities with the potential to become larger-scale, unmanageable “wildfires” and contribute to the degradation of both ecosystems and human livelihoods. In this study, we assess the temporal and spatial pattern of MODIS and VIIRS Active Fire Data (AFD) and their relationships to 9 environmental conditions and human activities across the three zones of the Huascaran Biosphere Reserve (HBR), Ancash, Peru between 2001 and 2020. Results Xeric climatic conditions seem to drive the temporal AFD pattern across and within years in the HBR. Across years, an oscillating increment of active fire alerts was evident, with years 2016 and especially 2020 displaying the highest AFD records of the two decades. Both correspond to years with the lowest mean annual precipitation. Seasonally, AFD also peaked at the end of the dry season (August and September), but AFD continue until late November of 2016 and 2020. The amount of people on the other hand, measured in terms of population and number of rural villages, is the main driver of where AFA occur, increasing along the limits of the Huascaran National Park (HNP) and the Buffer Zone (BZ) and in weakly controlled areas within the park. Conclusions We conclude that a combination of both, xeric conditions, and human pressures, seems to interact and produce high numbers of AFD along key Andean ecosystems like Puna grasslands and shrublands that are not ecologically adapted to this type of pressures. Land transformation and a limited capacity of control over key areas within the HNP seem to play an important role in where and when wildfires occur. Finally, although 2020 was an arid year, the covid-19 pandemic would have exacerbated the number of AFDs that occurred in the area, demonstrating that the effects of the pandemic go beyond health problems.
Evaluating the Big Five as an organizing framework for commonly used psychological trait scales.

The Big Five is often represented as an effective taxonomy of psychological traits, yet little research has empirically examined whether stand-alone assessments of psychological traits can be located within the Big Five framework. Meanwhile, construct proliferation has created difficulty navigating the resulting landscape. In the present research, we developed criteria for assessing whether the Big Five provides a comprehensive organizing framework for psychological trait scales and evaluated this question across three samples (Total N = 1,039). Study 1 revealed that 83% of an author-identified collection of scales (e.g., Self-Esteem, Grit, etc.) were as related to the Big Five as at least four of 30 Big Five facets, and Study 2 found that 71% of scales selected based on citation counts passed the same criterion. Several scales had strikingly large links at the Big Five facet level, registering correlations with individual Big Five facets exceeding . 9. We conclude that the Big Five can indeed serve as an organizing framework for a sizable majority of stand-alone psychological trait scales and that many of these scales could reasonably be labeled as facets of the Big Five. We suggest an integrative pluralism approach, where reliable, valid scales are located within the Big Five and pertinent Big Five research is considered in all research using trait scales readily located within the Big Five. By adopting such an approach, construct proliferation may be abated and it would become easier to integrate findings from disparate fields. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Improving Therapeutic Adherence of Oral Antidiabetics in Insulin-Dependent Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: the Combination of a Fixed-Dose

Objective: To assess whether the combination of fixed-dose Oral Antidiabetic drugs (OA) in a single tablet compared to OA separated into 2 or more tablets is an effective strategy to improve adherence in insulin-dependent patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2). Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, multi-center study, carried out in 3 primary care centers in Spain. One hundred and twenty patients treated with OA and insulin prescribed for insulin-dependent DM2 were included. A cluster randomization was performed based on two groups: (1) Control Group (CG): Sixty patients treated with two OA prescribed separately in different tablets, and (2) an Intervention Group (IG): Sixty patients treated with OA were with 2 drugs in combination at a fixed dose, in a single tablet. Three visits took place. AO Adherence was measured by using electronic monitors (MEMS). Average adherence percentage (%; Average AP) and daily compliance (%; Daily AP) was calculated. A patient was considered adherent when AP was 80–100%. Insulin adherence was measured by counting. Results: One hundred and ten patients completed the study (79 in the IG and 31 in the CG). Global adherence was 92,59% and 79,62% in IG and 82,85% and 48,21% in CG at 6 and 12 months, respectively (p<0.05 by groups). Daily adherence was 79,62% and 62,96% in IG and 17,85% and 10,71% in CG at 6 and 12 months, respectively (p<0.05). Global adherence with insulin by count was 77,78% and 70,37% in IG and 57,14% and 60,71% in CG at 6 and 12 months, respectively with significant differences. In the non-adherent group, the number of concomitant medications and glucemia and haemoglobin A glycosylate levels at 6 and 12 months, were significantly higher than in the adherent population. The NNT was 4,42 patients to prevent one non-adherence. Conclusions: The combination of fixed-dose OA in a single tablet compared to OA separated into 2 or more tablets is an effective strategy to improve AO therapeutic adherence in patients with insulin-dependent DM2.
Fatigue in A sample of Egyptian Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Multiple sclerosis [MS] is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which is the second-most common cause of physical handicap in young individuals. Fatigue is the most prevalent [50%–90%] symptom of MS interfering with everyday life with at least one mild symptom of fatigue even in the early stages of the disease [36.5%] when clinical symptoms are still negligible. The Aim of The Work: To evaluate the prevalence and relation of fatigue in MS patients with sleep disorders and other clinical factors in an attempt to understand the underlying mechanisms of this symptom which might be of help in easing its evaluation and optimizing patient care. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on patients recruited from MS unit at Al-Azhar University Hospitals in Cairo. Fifty patients were investigated and submitted to clinical evaluation as well as fatigue severity assessment using fatigue severity scale and sleep scales: Epworth sleepiness scale for assessment of daytime sleepiness, Pittsburgh sleep scale for assessment of sleep quality, and polysomnography. Results: Fatigue was present in 60% of MS patients. Decreased sleep efficiency, pain and progressive types were significantly higher among MS patients with fatigue. Male patients with fatigue were significantly more than those without fatigue. About 84% of patients with MS were complaining from sleep disorder symptoms, 72% had insomnia, pain and nocturia ranged from 54%-60% while leg spasm and narcolepsy were present in 30% and 20% respectively. Conclusion: The present study emphasized the prevalence of fatigue in MS patients and its relation with sleep disorders and disease progression denoting wide variety of pathological mechanisms and the necessity of multimodal management.
Travel Health Knowledge and Perception of Foreign Backpackers Traveling in Bali

International travel to a country has potentially carry health risks for travelers, including backpackers. To date, little is known about Travel Health knowledge and perception among foreign backpackers traveling to Bali. This study aimed to explore the level of knowledge and perception, as well as health information that backpackers need in their destination, Bali. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from December 2017 to January 2018 in Bali. This study involved 133 backpackers, taken by convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and were analysed descriptively. The results showed that backpackers’ knowledge was inadequate, especially to common diseases or health problems that occurred to travelers in Bali. There were 94.74% have low knowledge about rabies, 48.87% have less knowledge about methanol poisoning and 58.65% have low knowledge about diarrhoea. A total of 69.18% backpackers have a perception that they were not prone to being exposed to diseases and health problems in Bali and 36.84% were not aware that they had to seek health information before traveling to Bali. Almost all stated that they needed complete, destination-specific health information. It is necessary to increase backpackers’ knowledge and awareness regarding Travel Health at the destination. The development of integrated health promotion media about travel health in Bali, in form of web-based or application-based is one of the strategies to consider.
Correlation Between Dynamic Changes of Chest CT Findings and Therapeutic Response of COVID-19: A Multicenter Experience in Shanghai, China

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health emergency. Computed tomography (CT) offers valuable clues to the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, little is known about the correlation between dynamic changes of CT scores and therapeutic response in the course of COVID-19. Objectives: To describe the temporal changes of CT findings and characterize the time window of disease progression on the follow-up CT scans of patients with COVID-19. Patients and Methods: In this historical cohort study performed in Shanghai, China, the follow-up chest CT images of 91 patients with COVID-19 with different therapeutic responses were reviewed in multiple centers, with an emphasis on characterizing the changing trend of CT scores for lung lesions at 13 - 15 days after the symptom onset and thereafter. The CT score curve patterns were categorized into type 1 (characterized by an increase to the peak level, followed by a decrease), type 2 (characterized by a steady change without an obvious peak), and type 3 (characterized by a progressive increase). Results: The CT scores of the progression group (n = 9) with a longer time to the peak were significantly higher than those of the non-progression group (n = 82) on the first day and days 13 - 15 (P < 0.05), except for the median CT scores before days 13 - 15. The CT curve type 1 and type 2 were commonly observed in the non-progression group (63.4% and 36.6%, respectively), while type 3 was more common in the progression group (88.9%). Conclusion: Most patients with COVID-19 show favorable responses to clinical treatments in Shanghai. Thirteen to fifteen days after the symptom onset can be considered as a turning point for the therapeutic response. The CT curve type 3 usually represents a poor response. The CT scores of patients with different therapeutic responses may overlap before days 13 - 15. The changing trend of longitudinal CT scores may contribute to the prediction of disease progression.
Association of leaf chlorophyll content with the stay-green trait and grain yield in wheat grown under heat stress conditions

Heat stress is a major production constraint of wheat in South Asia, particularly in the Gangetic plains of India and Bangladesh. The leaf chlorophyll status is a key determinant for a high rate of photosynthesis under stress. The present experiments included 238 genotypes in 2016–2017 and 321 genotypes in 2017–2018 under optimum and under heat stress conditions. Subsequently, a set of 100 genotypes selected on basis of the heat susceptibility index was evaluated in 2018–2019 under heat stress conditions to study the relationship between important physiological traits and yield under stress. A significant correlation of soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value of the two upper leaves with stay-green trait and grain yield indicates the importance of chlorophyll content, both in flag and penultimate leaf, in maintaining leaf areas under greenness (LAUG) and grain yield under heat stress. The SPAD in the flag and penultimate leaf was responsible for 8.8% and 10.9%, respectively, of the variation in grain yield. For the stay-green trait, 8.4% and 7.2 % of the variation was governed by the SPAD value in the flag and penultimate leaf, respectively. These results suggest that, in addition to the flag leaf, the chlorophyll status of the penultimate leaf can be an important criterion for the selection of superior wheat genotypes under heat stress. The genotypes SW-139; SW 108; DWR-F8-35-9-1; NHP-F8-130; DWR-F8-3-1 that maintained a high chlorophyll content in the flag and penultimate leaf can be used further in breeding programmes addressing heat resistance in wheat.
Populists in Government: Normal or Exceptional?

Abstract How is government affected by including populists in a governing coalition? We investigate if populist political parties behave ‘normally’ when they attain power, or if they govern differently from mainstream political parties. Empirically, we use survey data from 282 ministerial advisers from three cabinets in Norway. Our conclusion is that populists govern normally on some governance dimensions and exceptionally on others. Populists in office had ample professional experience, adhered to collegial decision making and thought the bureaucracy delivered quality and was politically responsive – on a par with the non-populists. However, populists differed from non-populist politicians in their contact patterns and their communicative concerns. That populists in this context belong to a party with a long history of parliamentary representation (Norway's Progress Party) suggests elements of exceptionalism are things one should expect to find in practically all populist parties that attain power.
Quantitative evaluation of drainage attributes to infer hydrologic and morphological characteristics of upper Beas Basin, Himachal Pradesh: A GIS-based approach

ABSTRACT Drainage morphometric analysis is a quantitative indexing of linear, areal, and relief attributes of a watershed, which is an essential prerequisite to understand the ongoing geomorphological, geological, and tectonic processes in a watershed that modifies its landscape. The present study is an investigation of the morphometric parameters of upper Beas basin. ALOS PALSAR digital elevation model available at 12.5 m resolution from Alaska Satellite Facility has been used for the study in Arc GIS 10.2 environment. The findings of the study categorize upper Beas as a sixth order drainage basin with a total area of 4958.98 km2. High bifurcation values infer an accelerated state of erosion and underline the mountainous origin and late youthful stage of river Beas and its tributaries. Geometrically, the basin has an elongated shape indicating lower peak flow but for a longer duration making flood management ambiguous. Upper Beas basin has a coarse drainage density and texture, suggesting high infiltration and less surface water availability. Tectonically, studyarea has some prominent faults and thrusts (MBT, MCT, and STD), making the region susceptible to water infiltration. These observations unquestionably indicate a strong tectonic and lithological control over the evolution of drainage patterns in the study area.
Alpha, Omega, and H Internal Consistency Reliability Estimates: Reviewing These Options and When to Use Them

Abstract Reliability evidence of test scores is essential in counseling research and program evaluation, as the quality of client care is, in part, based on the proper interpretation of test scores. Cronbach’s coefficient alpha is unquestionably the most frequently reported estimate of internal consistency reliability in counseling research. For over a decade scholars in other disciplines have raised a number of concerns about the utility of coefficient alpha for capturing the reliability of psychological traits, in favor of composite reliability estimates. However, coefficient alpha remains the most dominant reliability index in counseling research. To this end, this article provides a non-technical summary of coefficient alpha, coefficient omega, hierarchical omega, and coefficient H, guidelines for their appropriate usage, and can serve as a reference for counseling practitioners and researchers when conducting outcome research and program evaluation.
Cladogram misreading of undergraduate students in understanding evolutionary

The student's ability to understand evolutionary studies is determined by representing a phylogenetic tree or cladogram. This study aims to determine the tree thinking ability, especially the students' reading ability in interpreting the cladogram. This descriptive study involved 29 students as subjects. Students are selected by purposive random sampling, only students who have attended and studied evolution courses. The data collection instrument used tests and interview guidelines. The test questions consist of 20 multiple choice questions with five answer choices. The difficulty level of the questions used includes understanding, applying, analyzing, and evaluating. The phylogenetic tree interpretation refers to four indicators, including the most recent common ancestor (MRCA), monophyletic group, branch proximity, contemporary descendant, and counting the branch or nodes position. The data obtained were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2013 and Anates-V4, then presented in percentage form. The results showed that many students misinterpreted the cladogram. Furthermore, errors in cladogram interpretation occurred in monophyletic group indicators (38%), most common ancestor (59%), branch proximity (41%), contemporary ancestry (39%), and branch position calculations (53%). These results indicate that misreading of analysis in cladogram interpretation is moderate to high, so it is necessary to formulate the most appropriate way to teach phylogenetic studies in evolution.