Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHANGES IN BIOMASS OF PENULTIMATE-INSTA R CRAB SPIDERS MISUMENA VATIA (ARANEAE, THOMISIDAE) HUNTING ON FLOWERS LATE IN THE SUMME R

Penultimate-instar crab spiders Misumena vatia foraging on goldenrod Solidago spp. in late summer gained mass slowly, averaging 0.8 mg/day, and usually did not molt into the adult stage before the end of the summer. In contrast, adults gained mass rapidly at this site, averaging 8 . 8 mg/day, taking larger prey and taking them more often than penultimates . The penultimates' prey consisted primarily of small flies, bees and wasps, and overlapped broadly with those of the adults, but did not include the most important resource of the adults, bumble bees, upon which the adults registered most of their gain . Penultimates captured prey biomass at only one-tenth the rate of the adults, and one-third the rate of adults per unit body mass.
Sets of Grammars Between Context-Free and Context-Sensitive

We discuss some sets of grammars whose generative power lies between that of the set of context-free grammars and that of the set of context-sensitive grammars. These sets are developed by subjecting generators of context-sensitive grammars to abstract versions of a "hardware" restriction to which the users of natural languages, unlike the describers of natural languages, might be subject.
Journal of Sohag Agriscience (JSAS)

This study investigated the pathogenic fungi associated with stored garlic bulbs causing cloves rot (CR) disease. First, 25 fungal isolates were obtained from naturally diseased samples of stored garlic bulbs showing cloves rot symptoms collected from different counties of Sohag governorate and identified as Aspergillus niger van Tieghem (4 isolates), Botrytis allii . (4 isolates), F. oxysporum Schlecht. (5 isolates), F. proliferatum (Matsush.) Nirenberg (4 isolates), F. solani (Mart.) Sacc. (4 isolates), and Penicillium sp. (4 isolates). Ihe pathogenicity test conducted on cloves and seedlings under ambient laboratory and greenhouse conditions. All isolates belonging to Fusarium spp. were superior to other tested fungal isolates, causing the highest infection of CR and recovered from infected tissues of garlic cloves. Also, all isolates of F. oxysporum caused seedlings' damping-off and were superior to other tested isolates of F. solani. Under the greenhouse conditions, a significant decline in cloves germination and increased CR values of the disease severity index (DSI) occurred on garlic plants inoculated with all isolates of F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum . On the other hand, all isolates of F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum exhibited high values of the DSI after 60 days of bulb storage at room conditions. In vitro tests , all tested bacterial and fungal isolates significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and F. proliferatum . However, isolates of T. harzianum were more effective in reducing the mycelial growth of both fungi than isolates of B. subtilis . In the greenhouse trial, both tested antagonists, B. subtilis (isolate No. 2) and T. harzianum (isolate No. 5), significantly increased cloves germination, reduced the DSI of cloves rot caused by both fungi, and decreased cloves rot disease development of garlic during storage. Under field conditions, both tested antagonists significantly increased cloves germination and reduced the DSI of cloves rot caused by both fungi, as well as decreased the development of garlic cloves rot disease during storage under room conditions.
Diabetes insipidus in patiens with traumatic severe brain injury

Submitted : Januari 2019 Accepted : February 2019 Published : Mei 2019 ABSTRACT Traumatic severe brain injury is a fatal injury, with a mortality rate of up to 50%. About 1.5 million people experience severe brain injury in the United States. There are more than 50,000 deaths and 500,000 incidents of permanent neurological sequelae. About 85% of mortality occurs in the first 2 weeks after the injury. One complication of a severe brain injury is diabetes insipidus. There are no definitive data on the incidence of diabetes insipidus in patients with traumatic severe brain injury of Indonesia so far. In this case report, a male, 45 years old, was taken to the Emergency Installation (IRD) after experiencing a traffic accident 12 hours before being hospitalized. After surgery, the signs of diabetes insipidus was presented by polyuria of 300cc / hour urine production and 149mmol / L hypernatremia, although the immediate administration of desmopressin, the patients clinical and hemodynamic was not shown any improvements. The patient passed away in the days five of treatment in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The main treatments for diabetes insipidus in traumatic severe brain injury are adequate rehydration and administration of desmopressin. Adequate hypovolemic, polyuric and hypernatremia corrections are the keys to the successful treatment of diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus in cases of brain injury requires complicated treatment. Therefore, in the case of being handled improperly, it can bring death.
HIGH-ALTITUDE RECREATION: What to Expect at the Top!

Apply It! After reading this article, the reader will be able to: • Evaluate the underlying cause, potential symptoms, and possible detrimental effects of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and high-altitude sleep disturbance. • Analyze the challenges and physiological responses associated with high-altitude recreation. • Compare the relationship between increased body fat, AMS, and high-altitude sleep disturbance.
Assessing the impact of farm dams on streamflows, Part II: Regional characterisation

Abstract This paper reports on a number of advances in the hydrologie characterisation of farm dams that are required in the assessment of farm dam impacts on streamflows. While the characteristics were derived for input to the TEDI simulation model, the generic nature of the information derived is applicable to any quantitative analysis of farm dam impacts, regardless of the method used. The use of topographic maps and aerial photography to identify the number and volume of farm dams is discussed, and this includes development of a functional relationship between farm dam surface area and volume. An essential component required for the estimation of farm dam impacts is the proportion of a dam’s volume used to satisfy demands, and this is investigated using a regional survey of landholders. Typical size distributions of farm dams used for irrigation, and for stock and domestic purposes are presented, as is information on the range of farm dam densities encountered across Victoria. Farm dam and catchment characteristics derived for 1600 Victorian catchments were used along with previously derived prediction equations to estimate the impacts of farm dams on a range of streamflow indices. The manner in which this regional information can be used to rapidly estimate the impacts of farm dams on specific catchments is also discussed and presented.
Data Enclave: A Data-Centric Trusted Execution Environment

—Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) protect sensitive applications in the cloud with the minimal trust in the cloud provider. Existing TEEs with integrity protection however lack support for data management primitives, causing data sharing between enclaves either insecure or cumbersome. This paper proposes a new data abstraction for TEEs, data enclave . As a data-centric abstraction, data enclave is decoupled from an enclave’s existence, is equipped with flexible secure permission controls, and crytographically isolated. It eliminates the hurdles for enclaves to cooperate efficiently
FACTORS AFFECTING AGROBACTERIUM -MEDIATED GENETIC TRANSFORMATION IN GROUNDNUT ( ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)

– The development of Agrobacterium -mediated transformation protocol for a recalcitrant species like groundnut requires the identification and optimisation of the factors affecting T-DNA delivery and plant transformation. During the present investigation, we have used de-embryonated cotyledon (DC), leaflet (LL) and cotyledonary node (CN) explants of groundnut cv ICG 7827 and the Agrobacterium strain LBA 4404 harbouring the binary vector pBAL2 containing nptII and uidA (Gus) genes. Factors that affect significant differences in T-DNA delivery and transformation included explant type, duration of pre-culture of explant, incubation period in bacterial suspension, co-cultivation, antibiotics used for selection and the presence of Acetosyringone (AS) in the medium. Three days precultured explants (DC, LL and CN) were incubated in Agrobacterium suspension for 20 min. Optimized the cocultivation period in the shoot induction medium with 100 mg/L AS at 25 °C in the dark for 4 days. A concentration of 75 mg/L (LL) and 100 mg/L (DC, CN) Kan was added to shoot induction medium (SIM)) to select transformed shoots. The Kan R shoots were excised and cultured on modified MS medium (MMS) +50 mg/L Kan+0.5 mg/L BAP for shoot elongation. These elongated micro shoots were rooted on root induction medium (RIM) supplemented with 1 mg/L NAA+50 mg/L Kan. The in vitro rooted plantlets were acclimatized and maintained in the green house. The expression of GUS gene ( uidA gene) in the regenerated plants (T 0 ) was verified by histochemical GUS assay. Stable integration and expression of the transgenes ( uidA and nptII ) in T 0 plants were confirmed by using PCR analysis. Showing the transformation efficiency as, 16.29% for DC, 13.15% for LL and 10.59% for CN explants of groundnut cv ICG 7827. Thus, the optimized factors of Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation showed the enhanced transformation frequencies to transfer gene of interest into groundnut.
GIS based spatial decision-making approach for solar energy site selection, Ardabil, Iran

have caused immense harm to the environment, making renewable energy sources like solar power essential. However, finding the optimal location for a solar power plant requires multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) due to various factors influencing the selection process. This study used the AHP method to weigh criteria such as GHI, Temperature, Elevation, Slope
Time-independent three-dimensional ﬂ ow of a water-based hybrid nano ﬂ uid past a Riga plate with slips and convective conditions: A homotopic solution

: In the present analysis, we have analyzed the three-dimensional ﬂ ow of an electromagnetohydrodynamic copper – aluminum/water hybrid nano ﬂ uid ﬂ ow on a Riga plate. The heat and mass ﬂ ux model proposed by Cattaneo-Christov is deliberated here. Thermal radiation, thermo-phoretic di ﬀ usion, Brownian motion, and chemical reaction phenomena are considered in analyzing the ﬂ ow problem. Thermal convective, mass convective, and velocity slip conditions are adapted in this analysis. Suitable resemblance variables are implemented for the conversion of the model equations to dimension-free form. The homotopy analysis method is adopted to solve the modeled equations. The obtained results show that the velocity pro ﬁ les are reduced with an increasing estimation of the slip factors. Additionally, the nanoparticles ’ concentration and the temperature of the hybrid nano ﬂ uid increase with higher values of thermal and solutal Biot numbers. The Nusselt number is increased with an increase in the radiation factor and thermal Biot number.
Patients’ Perceptions of the Importance of Nurses’ Knowledge About Cancer and Its Treatment for Quality Nursing Care

Purpose/Objectives: To gain insight into how and why patients’ perceptions of nurses’ knowledge about cancer and its treatments relate to quality nursing care. Design: Qualitative study inspired by Giorgi’s approach to phenomenology. Setting: An oncology ward in a regional hospital in Norway. Sample: 20 patients (10 women and 10 men). Most received life-prolonging and symptom-relieving treatment, whereas 4 had the possibility of being cured. Methods: In-depth interviews were tape recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. The text was read as a whole, condensed into units of meaning, and clustered into themes of importance. Finally, the consistency between identified themes and the general structure of the interviews was checked. Findings: Patients regarded knowledge about cancer and its treatment as basic in nursing and took for granted that nurses had this competency. Three themes were identified that explained why the knowledge was important: (a) it makes patients feel safe and secure and alleviates suffering by providing useful information, (b) it prevents and alleviates suffering and insecurity during chemotherapy, and (c) it alleviates suffering by relieving side effects caused by the treatment and symptoms caused by the disease. Conclusions: Patients appreciated meeting nurses who had experience and could combine clinical and biologic knowledge and nursing skills with a human touch. In addition, nurses alleviated patients’ bodily and existential suffering and made them feel safe and secure. Implications for Nursing: Experienced, effective nurses with knowledge about cancer and its treatments are needed in oncology wards to provide optimal care to patients.
Insights on Protective Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma and Tadalafil on Testicular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Exposed to Testicular Torsion/Detorsion.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Ischemic reperfusion (I-R) injury is greatly influenced by the testicular torsion/detorsion process (TDP). In this instance, the anti-inflammatory properties of plateletrich plasma (PRP) combined with tadalafil (Td) significantly promote tissue healing in the I-R injury model. METHODS Five groups of rats were created: the control group, the I-R group not receiving any therapy, the I-R group receiving a single dosage of Td (0.25 mg/kg, I.P.), the I-R group receiving a single dose of PRP (80 l, intratesticular), and the I-R group receiving both Td and PRP. Sperm morphology, motility, and histology were assessed. The levels of TNF-, BAX, antioxidant status, and testosterone were measured. Additionally, E-selectin expression was done. RESULTS PRP reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis while also boosting testosterone levels, which alleviated I-R injury. Otherwise, PRP reduces E-selectin expression, which modifies the pathways that control endothelial function. Td also partially demonstrated its testicular-protective activity at the same time. CONCLUSION PRP's proven anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic potentials make it a natural treatment for testicular harm caused by tadalafil. For the first time, it was demonstrated that PRP therapy restored the functionality of the vascular endothelium, specifically the control of E-selectin expression. Combining Td and PRP therapy may be a promising strategy for improving response to PDE5 inhibitors.
Comparative Effectiveness of PET and SPECT MPI for Predicting Cardiovascular Events After Kidney Transplant

BACKGROUND: Advanced chronic kidney disease is associated with high cardiovascular risk, even after kidney transplant. Pretransplant cardiac testing may identify patients who require additional assessment before transplant or would benefit from risk optimization. The objective of the current study was to determine the relative prognostic utility of pretransplant positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for posttransplant major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). METHODS: We retrospectively followed patients who underwent MPI before kidney transplant for the occurrence of MACE after transplant including myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and cardiac death. An abnormal MPI result was defined as a total perfusion deficit >5% of the myocardium. To determine associations of MPI results with MACE, we utilized Cox hazard regression with propensity weighting for PET versus SPECT with model factors, including demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 393 patients underwent MPI (208 PET and 185 SPECT) and were followed for a median of 5.9 years post-transplant. Most were male (58%), median age was 58 years, and there was a high burden of hypertension (88%) and diabetes (33%). A minority had abnormal MPI (n=58, 15%). In propensity-weighted hazard regression, abnormal PET result was associated with posttransplant MACE (hazard ratio, 3.02 [95% CI, 1.78–5.11]; P<0.001), while there was insufficient evidence of an association of abnormal SPECT result with MACE (1.39 [95% CI, 0.72–2.66]; P=0.33). The explained relative risk of the PET result was higher than the SPECT result (R2 0.086 versus 0.007). Normal PET was associated with the lowest risk of MACE (2.2%/year versus 3.6%/year for normal SPECT; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Kidney transplant recipients are at high cardiovascular risk, despite a minority having obstructive coronary artery disease on MPI. PET MPI findings predict posttransplant MACE. Normal PET may better discriminate lower risk patients compared with normal SPECT, which should be confirmed in a larger prospective study.
Dying to Quit: Understanding the Burden of Tobacco in Psychiatric Patients—A Clinical Review

Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide and remains a critical public health challenge. The burden of disease caused by smoking is disproportionately borne by persons living with mental illness. Public health efforts to address smoking have not historically translated to a significant reduction in smoking prevalence among patients with mental illness. Smoking is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality among psychiatric patients who smoke at 1.7 to 3.3 times the rate of the general population. Among those with serious mental illness, tobacco-related illness accounts for half of all deaths. Nicotine dependence also interferes with treatment and worsens many psychiatric symptoms. Interventions are underutilized due to persistent misunderstandings regarding tobacco cessation for patients who are mentally ill. Addressing these misunderstandings is crucial in targeting the disparate rates of smoking in this population. Therefore, it is incumbent on psychiatrists to address the outsized effect that smoking has on patients with mental illness.
Capital inflow, exchange rate and agricultural output: Evidence from Sub-Saharan African region

The numerous roles played by the agricultural sector across the globe has made it imperative to enquire into the hardship encountered by the participants of the sector in sourcing for fund and procurement of inputs needed for further production across the Sub-Saharan African region. This study however investigated the influence of capital and exchange rate on agricultural output in Sub-Saharan African nations from 1998-2018 using panel system-GMM estimation technique. The study found capital inflow to be positively related to agricultural output in SSA nations while exchange rate revealed a negative relationship with agricultural output in SSA nations. Decomposing the capital into private and public capital suggest that private capital is positively related to agriculture output while public capital is negatively related to agricultural output in SSA nations. The interactive role of capital and exchange rate on agricultural output is highly keen to the success of the agricultural sector in the SSA nations, since they both contribute to the agricultural output. The authorities in the SSA nations should maintain an appreciating exchange rate and make policies that will attract additional investors in order to increase the availability of capital, agricultural output, decrease unemployment and poverty level in SSA region.
GWAS of epigenetic ageing rates in blood reveals a critical role for TERT

DNA methylation age is an accurate biomarker of chronological age and predicts lifespan, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. In this genome-wide association study of 9,907 individuals, we found gene variants mapping to five loci associated with intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA) and gene variants in 3 loci associated extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (EEAA). Mendelian randomization analysis suggested causal influences of menarche and menopause on IEAA and lipid levels on IEAA and EEAA. Variants associated with longer leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (TERT) locus at 5p15.33 confer higher IEAA (P<2.7×10-11). Causal modelling indicates TERT-specific and independent effects on LTL and IEAA. Experimental hTERT expression in primary human fibroblasts engenders a linear increase in DNA methylation age with cell population doubling number. Together, these findings indicate a critical role for hTERT in regulating the DNA methylation clock, in addition to its established role of compensating for cell replication-dependent telomere shortening.
Growth–climate relationships of Himalayan conifers along elevational and latitudinal gradients

High mountains are some of the most vulnerable regions to climate change and therefore a matter of global concern. Here, the climatic growth factors of conifers and their course in time and space along an elevational gradient in the northwestern Himalayan part of India were studied. Increment cores of Juniperus semiglobosa and Cedrus deodara (xeric species), and Abies pindrow and Picea smithiana (mesic species) were collected from thirteen sites. Tree‐ring width and maximum latewood density were measured and cross‐dated. The time‐series were standardized and site‐ and species‐level chronologies were built. Static and moving bootstrap correlation and response functions between the tree‐ring chronologies and monthly climatic variables were computed. The largest climate changes in the region were increasing winter and early‐spring temperatures and decreasing monsoon precipitation. The growth of all species was negatively correlated with pre‐monsoon temperature, as the higher temperatures probably increased evapotranspiration and caused water deficit. The phenomenon was most pronounced in May, but also in June for the Juniperus at the northernmost, highest, and driest sites. The pre‐monsoon temperature signal of the drought‐prone Juniperus and Cedrus endured, while the signal of the climate‐susceptible Abies and Picea at the mesic sites was unstable. Namely, the May temperature signal of Picea became significant since the second half of the last century whereas the signal of Abies shifted from May to April. This apparently related to the earlier onset of spring due to the accelerated warming in the region. Besides, maximum latewood density of Picea and Abies negatively correlated with May and June temperature, respectively. Additionally, the Cedrus benefitted from winter precipitation and the Abies and Picea from pre‐monsoon rainfall. Counterintuitively, we detected no direct effect of monsoon precipitation decrease on the conifers because their growth was driven by pre‐monsoon conditions, which changed only slightly.