Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
No use reasoning with adolescents?

Objective: Literature on persuasion suggests compliance increases when requests are accompanied with a reason (i.e. the “because-heuristic”). Greater accelerometer wear-time enhances the reliability of outcomes in physical activity research. This study tested whether SMS reminders— especially those that provided a rationale—increased accelerometer weartime. Methods: We conducted a within-trial RCT during baseline data collection in a school-based physical activity intervention trial. Of 375 participants (mean age=18.1), 280 (75%) opted to receive daily SMS reminders to wear their accelerometers. These 280 participants were then randomised to receive either succinct reminders or reminders including a rationale. Data was analysed using both frequentist and bayesian methods. Results: No differences in total accelerometer wear minutes were detected between the succinct reminder group (Mdn=4909, IQR=3429-5857) and the rationale group (Mdn=4808, IQR=3571-5743); W=8860, p=0.65, CI95=280.90 447.20. Same was true for differences in wear time between participants receiving SMS reminders (Mdn=4859, IQR=3527-5808) and those not receiving them (Mdn=5067, IQR=3201-5885); W=10642.5, p=0.77, CI95=-424.20 305.30. Accumulated days of valid accelerometer wear data did not differ either. Bayesian analysis quantified the support for the null hypotheses. Conclusions: The because-heuristic might be limited to more personal communication methods, or be moderated by hidden factors such as motivation to participate. Alternative explanations also include operationalization failure, as we could not control if the messages were read. This study casts doubt on the effectiveness using the because-heuristic to promote accelerometer wear time, and this may be related to contextual factors not examined in this study. This report is publicly available upon submission at https://osf.io/ncevp/
Repurposing Antiviral Drugs to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Papin-Like Protease Activity

Since December 2019, a pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in China and has rapidly spread around the world. The virus has caused a global outbreak of viral pneumonia, which has been known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study aims to examine known direct acting antivirals (DAA) against SARS-CoV-2 papin like protease. A number of known antiviral drugs were tested as potential SARS-CoV-2 virus inhibitors using the molecular docking analysis to examine the free natural affinity of the binding ligand to catalytic residues and substrate binding pockets without forcing the docking of ligand to active site. SARS-CoV-2 papin like protease solved structure (PDB ID: 6W9C) is targeted by direct acting antiviral drugs. The geometry of all inhibitors was optimized using Avogadro software. Molecular Docking was performed using AutoDock Vina software. Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler (PLIP) web server was used to analyze the interactions formed between drugs and SARS-CoV-2 PLpro. Mycophenolic acid and 4′-Tosyl Mycophenolic Acid-d3 was tested against SARS-CoV2 papin like protease mutant C111S (PDB ID: 6WRH). Mycophenolic acid showed mild efficacy against the mutant strain. The molecular docking analysis results indicated that Mycophenolic acid and 4′-Tosyl Mycophenolic Acid-d3 has good binding affinities to the protein drug target (-5.72 Kcal/mol and -5.72 Kcal/mol) and showed the highest probabilities to bind to catalytic residues of target protein (30% and International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Information
Identi fi cation of oxide defects in semiconductor devices : A systematic approach linking DFT to rate equations and experimental evidence

It is well-established that oxide defects adversely affect functionality and reliability of a wide range of microelectronic devices. In semiconductor-insulator systems, insulator defects can capture or emit charge carriers from/to the semiconductor. These defects feature several stable configurations, which may have profound implications for the rates of the charge capture and emission processes. Recently, these complex capture/emission events have been investigated experimentally in considerable detail in Si/SiO2 devices, but their theoretical understanding still remains vague. In this paper we discuss in detail how the capture/emission processes can be simulated using the theoretical methods developed for calculating rates of charge transfer reactions between molecules and in electro-chemistry. By employing this theoretical framework we link the atomistic defect configurations to known trapping model parameters (e.g. trap levels) as well as measured capture/emission times in Si/SiO2 devices. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we investigate possible atomistic configurations for various defects in amorphous (a)-SiO2 implicated in being involved in the degradation of microelectronic devices. These include the oxygen vacancy and hydrogen bridge as well as the recently proposed hydroxyl ′ E center. In order to capture the effects of statistical defect-to-defect variations that are inevitably present in amorphous insulators, we analyze a large ensemble of defects both experimentally and theoretically. This large-scale investigation allows us to prioritize the candidates from our defect list based on their trap parameter distributions. For example, we can rule out the ′ E center as a possible candidate. In addition, we establish realistic ranges for the trap parameters, which are useful for model calibration and increase the credibility of simulation results by avoiding artificial solutions. Furthermore, we address the effect of nuclear tunneling, which is involved according to the theory of charge transfer reactions. Based on our DFT results, we demonstrate the impact of nuclear tunneling on the capture/emission process, including their temperature and field dependence, and also give estimates for this effect in Si/SiO2 devices.
Comparative Studies of Law, Slavery, and Race in the Americas

This review surveys the historical research comparing U.S. and Latin American law and slavery and describes how it has informed the development of legal studies of slavery in the Americas. The first generation of comparative work on race and slavery relied heavily on law to draw sharp contrasts between U.S. and Latin American slavery. Revisionist social historians criticized those scholars for providing a misleading top-down history of slavery based on metropolitan codes and instead emphasized demographic and economic factors that suggested pronounced variation in slavery regimes. However, social historians who study relationships of power in slaves' lives have found that they must reckon with law and legal institutions. Recently, legal historians have also begun to explore slave law from the bottom up: through slaves' claims in court, trial-level adjudications, and interactions among ordinary people and low-level government officials. Most studies of slavery stay within one national context, but a few sc.
Ju l 2 01 6 Solution landscapes in nematic microfluidics

We study the static equilibria of a simplified Leslie–Ericksen model for a unidirectional uniaxial nematic flow in a prototype microfluidic channel, as a function of the pressure gradient G and inverse anchoring strength, B. We numerically find multiple static equilibria for admissible pairs (G,B) and classify them according to their winding numbers and stability. The case G = 0 is analytically tractable and we numerically study how the solution landscape is transformed as G increases. We study the onedimensional dynamical model, the sensitivity of the dynamic solutions to initial conditions and the rate of change of G and B. We provide a physically interesting example of how the time delay between the applications of G and B can determine the selection of the final steady state.
An Accurate Online Dynamic Security Assessment Scheme Based on Random Forest

With the increasing integration of renewable energy resources and other forms of dispersed generation, more and more variances and uncertainties are brought to modern power systems. The dynamic security assessment (DSA) of modern power systems is facing challenges in ensuring its accuracy for unpredictable operating conditions (OC). This paper proposes a novel approach that uses random forest (RF) for online DSA. Hourly scenarios are generated for the database according to the forecast errors of renewable energy resources, which are calculated from historical data. Fed with online measurement data, it is able to not only predict the security states of current OC with high accuracy, but also indicate the confidence level of the security states one minute ahead of the real time by an outlier identification method. The results of RF together with outlier identification show high accuracy in the presence of variances and uncertainties due to wind power generation. The performance of this approach is verified on the operational model of western Danish power system with around 200 transmission lines and 400 buses.
Variables associated with cognitive, behavioral and emotional development: a cohort of schoolchildren

This study aimed to identify possible variables associated with cognitive, behavioral and emotional development in a cohort of school children, based on biological (sex, gestational age and birth weight) and socioeconomic variables (marital status, maternal and paternal education, occupation of head of household, socioeconomic status, and number of household members). We evaluated 790 children born in a cohort of Ribeirao Preto (SP), Brazil, with 10/11 years of age. The Raven Test was used for cognitive assessment and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was utilized for emotional and behavioral assessment. By means of multivariate logistic regression analysis (CI 95%) we found that: 1) low maternal schooling was associated with behavioral and emotional problems and poor cognitive function, 2) being female was considered as a protective factor against behavioral problems and 3) low birth weight and prematurity were not associated with the outcomes investigated.
Title: Functional and Structural Findings in Early Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy. Cross- sectional analyses of the baseline data of the EUROCONDOR project. Short running title: Cross-sectional analyses of the baseline results of the EUROCONDOR project

American Diabetes Association (ADA). This is an author­created, un­copyedited electronic version of an article accepted for publication in 'Diabetes'. The American Diabetes Association (ADA), publisher of 'Diabetes', is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it by third parties. The definitive publisher­authenticated version will be available in a future issue of 'Diabetes' in print and online at: http://diabetes.diabetesjournals. org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.2337/db16­ 1453/­/DC1 and is licensed under All Rights Reserved license:
Is the Value Spread a Good Predictor of Stock Returns? UK Evidence

This paper explores the predictive ability of the value spread in the UK. I replicate the US analysis of Liu and Zhang (2007) using UK data. In addition, I extend their work by exploring the predictive ability of the book-to-market, market-to-book and value spread on other size and value investment strategies, namely: large-caps only; small-caps minus large-caps (SML); value stocks only; growth stocks only; value stocks minus growth stocks (VMG) and a market portfolio that includes all stocks. The results are consistent with Liu and Zhang (2007) on the value spread. The value spread shows no predictive power for portfolio returns. Therefore, I show that the predictive power of book-to-market and market-to-book spreads depend on the portfolio formation strategies and the relative proportion of small-cap, large-cap, value and growth stocks in the portfolio. Copyright (c) 2009 The Author Journal compilation (c) 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
The Importance of Leisure for Subjective Well-Being

: This chapter reviews what is known about how leisure contributes to subjective well-being (SWB). We review evidence documenting the importance of leisure for SWB and point to psychological need fulfillment as the main mechanism through which leisure promotes well-being. We discuss why individuals often do not fully experience the beneficial effects of leisure, focusing on intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural constraints to leisure participation, and review differences in the degree and type of constraints experienced by different demographic groups. Finally, we review research on the cognitive and behavioral strategies individuals employ to overcome leisure constraints, and highlight the need to understand how societal and institutional policies influence leisure participation and quality. Throughout, we identify important questions for future research. et al. (2011) intervention, the module focused on leisure mastery educated participants about the importance of mastery for well-being, facilitated a reflection to help participants identify the types of challenging leisure activity that could provide mastery, provided a short exercise to boost self-efficacy for engaging in challenging activities, and asked participants to identify changes to make to improve their leisure. This intervention resulted in improved leisure mastery one week but not three weeks after the training and decreased state negative affect three weeks after the training. Future interventions should continue to build upon and refine this model to determine ways to facilitate longer lasting changes in leisure mastery.
The Liquidity Role of a Bank in Bank and Non-bank Conglomerates: Evidence from Taiwan

This paper studies the roles of a bank in a conglomerate, roles which are best investigated during a bad period. We examine two hypotheses using Taiwan’s unique bank loan transaction data. Firstly, our extended liquidity constrained hypothesis which argues that during a bad period, investments of firms in a non-bank group are more severely constrained than they are during a normal period cannot be rejected. The same argument, however, does not hold true for firms in a bank group. Secondly, our extended liquidity insurance hypothesis which argues that during a bad period, firms can obtain funds only when they are in a bank group with a financially related core business is also accepted. When they are in a bank group with a core business unrelated to finance, the hypothesis is not expected to hold.
Institutional bricolage in times of crisis

How may we understand the occurrence of gradual but significant change following economic crisis? Theories of gradual institutional transformation offer important insights to analyses of long-term institutional change, but have so far shied away from dealing with institutional change during and following crisis, leaving the issue to more traditional critical juncture models. Instead of seeing gradual institutional change originating only in the efforts of rule takers to circumvent existing institutions – potentially leading to gradual change over longer periods of time – the paper suggests that in more abrupt processes of change characteristic of economic crisis, rule makers may also reinterpret the meaning of rules and redeploy them under significantly altered circumstances leading to gradual change. The paper suggests that the concept of bricolage is useful for understanding how policymakers create new institutional setups through the re-ordering of existing institutional elements. The empirical relevance of these arguments is demonstrated with a study of post-crisis special bank insolvency policies in Denmark and the United States, showing how in both polities new institutions were created from existing institutional elements.
Hand Hygiene, Attitude and Barriers among Health Care Workers at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Uttarakhand

Introduction: Health care associated infection (HCAI) is one of the most significant, and current phenomena for discussions in health care industry. Hand hygiene was thought to be a key factor in reducing hospital acquired infection during the initial development of healthcare system. The present study aimed to determine hand hygiene compliance, attitude and barriers among health care workers (HCWs). Material & Methods: A cross sectional observational survey was conducted by recruiting 115 health care workers from different in-patient departments at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. Convenience consecutive sampling technique was used to enroll HCWs. Modified WHO hand hygiene checklist, attitude scale and checklist for identification of barriers was used to ascertain compliance, attitude and barriers. Appropriate descriptive & inferential statistics was applied to compute the results. Results: Results shows higher adherence (10%) to hand hygiene practices among faculty followed by senior residents (7.14%) and medical and nursing interns (6.71%). However, the partial adherence to hand hygiene practices was surprisingly high (63.04%) among HCWs. There was significant difference in attitude towards hand hygiene practices among medical and nursing professionals. Further, findings revealed that inconvenient placement of hand hygiene facility was prime reported (85.21%) barrier for poor adherence to hand hygiene practices followed by over burden of patient (80.87%), understaffing/overcrowding (81.73%) and hand hygiene is time consuming activity (80.86%) HCWs. Conclusion & recommendation: The study concluded poor hand hygiene compliance among HCWs. Study findings recommend improvement in existing facilities for hand hygiene and make them readily accessible for HCWs at their respective departments to enable them to engage in good practices which will be beneficial for them and patients.
Getting Started in Elementary School: Cognitive Competence, Social Skills, Behavior, and Stress

El ingreso a ensenanza primaria - EP indica una importante transicion en el desarrollo de los ninos. El proposito del estudio fue verificar la estabilidad y el cambio en indicadores del desempeno academico, inteligencia general, habilidades sociales, ajuste de comportamiento y estres entre el primer y el tercer ano de la EP. Participaron 151 ninos (79 varones y 72 ninas), evaluados longitudinalmente con el Social Skills Rating System, Matrices Progresivas de Raven, Provinha Brasil, Escala de Estres Infantil e Inventario de Estressores Escolares. Los resultados indicaron estabilidad moderada de las variables y aumento continuo en el desempeno academico. Las ninas mostraron mejores indicadores de habilidades sociales y ajuste de comportamiento. Los encuestados mostraron mayores comportamientos de exteriorizacion en el primer ano; mas sintomas de estres en el segundo; y en el tercer ano mayor inteligencia general, mas habilidades sociales academicas y menos sintomas de estres. Las tendencias observadas sugieren que la transicion se extienda hasta el segundo ano y las conquistas de desarrollo se consolidan en el tercer ano.
Evaluation of Antidiabetic activity of Murraya koenigii on Alloxan Induced Diabetic rats

The present study was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effect and histological parameters of Murraya Koenigii in Alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. The experimental rats weighed 200-250g were induced for diabetes with single dose of alloxan (120mg/kg body weight). Oral administration of chloroform extracts of Murraya leaf (250 and 500mg/kg body weight) for 30 days resulted in significant decrease of blood glucose from 296.62±20.12 to 80.22 ± 03.63 and decrease in the activities of enzymes of liver. To study the histology of Murraya Koenigii in Alloxan induced albino rats, sampling and staining of pancreas, spleen, liver and kidney tissues of diabetic and normal rats showed that strong antigenesity in beta-cells of the islets in control. Degenerative and necrotic changes and shrunken tissues in islets of langerhans were observed in diabetic induced group. Majority of the cells are protected from light degeneration when treated with 25 and 50 ml/kg/bw of Murraya and moderate antigenesity was noted in beta-cells of the islets of langerhans of the pancreatic tissue. Diabetic rats treated with murraya (25 ml/kg/bw) showed an improvement in the spleen histology and treated with Murraya (50 ml/kg/bw) shows a result similar to that of nondiabetic control. The results showed not only significant anti-hyperglycemic effect of Murraya extracts in experimental model of diabetes mellitus but also indicated a dose dependant activity of the extracts.
High biodegradability of riverine dissolved organic carbon in late winter in Hudson Bay, Canada

Hudson Bay, at the southern margin of the Arctic Ocean, receives nearly one-third of Canada’s river discharge and approximately 5.5 Tg of riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) annually. Riverine DOC fluxes to Hudson Bay are expected to increase with climate change, but how this increase will influence the biogeochemistry of the coastal waters is largely unknown. In particular, the fate of riverine DOC that enters Hudson Bay during the dark, frozen winter period (roughly January to April) is poorly known despite high discharge from the large, regulated rivers of Hudson and James Bays at that time. Few studies have assessed the degradability of riverine DOC transported in winter anywhere across the Arctic, leaving unanswered questions regarding the impact of riverine DOC on the Arctic carbon budget, CO2 fluxes, and local food webs. Here, we assessed the biodegradability of DOC in riverine and coastal waters of southern Hudson Bay in late winter using 45-day incubation experiments. We found 24%–60% of the DOC in the rivers and on average 21% of the DOC in the immediate coastal waters to be biodegradable. Differences in biodegradability appeared to depend on properties of the rivers/watersheds and physical and biochemical processes in the aquatic environments. DOC biodegradability correlated strongly with DOC concentration, which was higher during winter than summer in all studied rivers and higher in the Nelson and Hayes Rivers, draining the Hudson Bay Lowlands than in most previously studied large rivers of the Arctic watershed. The Nelson River, regulated for hydropower production, had the highest winter DOC concentrations and most degradable DOC. The high biodegradability of Hudson Bay riverine DOC in late winter and high concentrations and fluxes of riverine DOC at that time imply strong leverage for future increases in DOC fluxes to impact the carbon cycle of these coastal waters.