Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abstract CT012: Open-label, multicenter, Phase Ib study to assess safety, tolerability and efficacy of adavosertib monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors: Expansion cohorts

Background Adavosertib (AZD1775) is a first-in-class, selective, small-molecule inhibitor of Wee1. Previously we reported safety and efficacy of adavosertib monotherapy in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors (NCT02482311; Bauer et al Cancer Res 2016;76[14 Suppl]); here we report safety and efficacy data from expansion cohorts based on tumor type. Methods A total of 80 pts grouped into 6 biomarker-matched cohorts (Table) received adavosertib (175 mg PO bid; days 1–3 and 8–10 per 21-day cycle). Eligible pts had: confirmed diagnosis of ovarian cancer (OC), small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); prior treatment (Tx) for metastatic/recurrent disease (≥3 prior Tx for pts with BRCAwt OC; progression following PARPi Tx for BRCA1/2m OC pts; ≤1 chemotherapy-based Tx for SCLC and ≥1 chemotherapy-based Tx for TNBC); measurable disease. Primary objective assessments: ORR; DCR; PFS (RECIST v1.1); safety. Tumor assessments were performed every 6 weeks in year 1 and every 12 weeks thereafter until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Blood and tumor samples were collected for correlative biomarker and pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses. Results Median total Tx duration was 2.4 months. Most frequently reported adverse events (AEs) were diarrhea (61%), nausea (50%) and fatigue (43%). Most commonly reported grade ≥3 AEs were diarrhea (7.5%), nausea, fatigue and small intestine obstruction (6%). AEs leading to dose interruptions (22.5%), reductions (11.3%) or discontinuations (16.3%) were reported. The study showed preliminary antitumor activity, particularly in BRCAwt as well as PARPi-failure BRCAm OC pts (Table). PK and biomarker analyses will be presented. Conclusions Adavosertib was generally well tolerated and showed preliminary antitumor activity. DCR was modest across all patient cohorts. Citation Format: Todd M. Bauer, Kathleen Moore, Janet S. Rader, Fiona Simpkins, Alain Mita, J Thaddeus Beck, Lowell Hart, Quincy Chu, Amit Oza, Anna V. Tinker, Karen So, Esteban Rodrigo Imedio, Sanjeev Kumar, Ganesh M. Mugundu, Suzanne Jenkins, Juliann Chmielecki, Suzanne Jones, David R. Spigel, Siqing Fu. Open-label, multicenter, Phase Ib study to assess safety, tolerability and efficacy of adavosertib monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors: Expansion cohorts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr CT012.
Sibling speciation by life‐history divergence in Dendropoma (Gastropoda; Vermetidae)

Dendropoma meroclista has been found on six islands and one continental site between Hawaii and Kenya; it occurs in shallow-subtidal and low-intertidal habitats and has either no, or very limited, planktic development. A very similar form has been found only in the Indian Ocean (Sinai and Madagascar), where it forms gregarious masses on exposed intertidal ledges. This form also produces many more, smaller eggs than the described species and has a planktotrophic larva. While adult anatomies of the two forms are indistinguishable, the Sinai-Madagascar form has a smaller protoconch with distinctive sculpture. These apparent sibling species provide a case of speciation occurring by life-history divergence within a very conservative morphology and present a surprising example of wider distributional range in the species with little apparent capacity for dispersal.
Food Habits of Juvenile Pallid Sturgeon and Adult Shovelnose Sturgeon in the Missouri River Downstream of Fort Randall Dam, South Dakota

ABSTRACT We examined the seasonal food habits and diet overlap of juvenile pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and adult shovelnose sturgeon (S. platorynchus) in the Missouri River downstream of Fort Randall Dam, South Dakota. Seasonal trends were found for both sturgeon species as chironomids were consumed in the greatest numbers and dry weights during early summer, ephemeropterans dominated during late summer, and trichopterans were most abundant in early spring and late fall diets. However, diet overlap between juvenile pallid sturgeon and adult shovelnose sturgeon was low based on a Schoener index value of 0.53 in 2003 and 0.21 in 2004. Juvenile pallid sturgeon consumed a greater proportion of fish in 2003 and Ephemeroptera in 2004 compared to shovelnose sturgeon. Shovelnose sturgeon consumed a greater proportion of Chironomidae in both years compared to juvenile pallid sturgeon. These results illustrate that shovelnose sturgeon is not an acceptable surrogate for the endangered pallid sturgeon based on food habits.
A system using aerial photography to estimate area of root disease centers in forests

The area of root disease centers on the Coeur d'Alene National Forest in northern Idaho was effectively estimated from large-scale color infrared aerial photographs. An estimated 5.1% (12 160.7 ha) of the commercial forest land was occupied by infection centers. Root disease centers were identified in 113 of 364 stands actually surveyed. Although most of these 113 stands were of the Tsugaheterophylla – Pachistimamyrsinites habitat type, the highest percentage of stands with root disease was found in the Abiesgrandis – Pachistimamyrsinites habitat type.Observations made during these studies suggest that occurrence of Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco, Abiesgrandis (Dougl.) Lindl. , or both in a stand is the most important factor in the expression of root disease centers. Accuracy of interpretation of photographs was 92%; incorrect interpretations were consistently associated with stands in the Abieslasiocarpa series of habitat types or with stands stocked with conifers tolerant of root pathogens.
EVOLUTION OF EGG RETENTION IN THE SCELOPORUS SPINOSUS GROUP: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF PHYSIOLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND PHYLOGENETIC FACTORS

ABSTRACT The evolution of viviparity in squamates has involved intermediate stages of egg retention. Reduction in the thickness of the eggshell, in relative clutch mass (RCM), and in clutch frequency would have facilitated the transition from oviparity to viviparity, while low temperatures are likely the ultimate selective force that promoted this evolutionary shift. We tested these ideas using the Sceloporus spinosus group. Because it is the sister clade of the viviparous Sceloporus formosus group, we predicted that members of the S. spinosus group would exhibit extended egg retention and other features associated with the evolution of viviparity. To test this idea, we examined the ability to retain eggs past the time of normal oviposition in the Sceloporus spinosus group and evaluated the association between egg retention and physiological and environmental factors in a historical context. Gravid females were collected from seven localities at a wide range of altitudes. We estimated the normal stage of embryos at oviposition and the stage at oviposition when females were induced to retain eggs under captive conditions. Stages of embryos varied within clutches; less developed embryos were usually dead and the most advanced embryos were usually alive. The maximum stage observed was therefore used as an index of egg retention for each clutch. The maximum embryonic stage at oviposition was contrasted with RCM, egg membrane thickness, and several climatic variables (temperature and precipitation) in a phylogenetic framework. Females exhibited the ability to retain eggs as predicted. Maximum stage at oviposition varied within same clutch, same locality, and among localities. Variation observed in the maximum stage at oviposition was not related to egg membrane thickness, RCM, or clutch frequency or to environmental temperature and precipitation. Instead, mapping the maximum stage at oviposition on a phylogeny of the S. spinosus group suggested that the invasion of high elevations was associated with an enhanced potential for longer periods of egg retention.
Cytogenetic study of some rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars and their hybrids

Abstract Meiotic study was performed in 22 Brassica napus cultivars considering chiasma frequency and distribution as well as chromosome pairing. All cultivars possessed n = 19 chromosome number (4x) and showed a deviant course of prophase-I meiosis with synezetic knot and post pachytene diffuse stage. Chromosome stickiness occurred in most of the cultivars from early prophase to late telophase-II leading to the formation of laggard chromosomes and micronuclei. The cultivars studied differed significantly in chiasma frequency and distribution as well as bivalent formation indicating their genomic differences. Cluster analysis and ordination based on principal components analysis grouped those cultivars showing meiotic similarities. Some of the cultivars showed the occurrence of unreduced meiocytes and pollen grains.
Body composition and net protein and energy requirements for weight gain of crossbred dairy cattle in grazing

The body composition and net protein and energy requirements for weight gain of 5/8 Hostein-Zebu crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria decumbens Spaft pasture were evaluated. In total, 16 bulls with 10 months of age and body weight (BW) of 180 ± 19.95 kg were used. The animals were kept with free access to pasture or with restricted grazing (from 6 to 10 h). Four animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the experimental period to estimate the empty body weight (EBW) and the initial body composition of the remaining animals. The other animals were slaughtered at the end of the 84-day trial period. The logarithm equations of the protein and energy body content were adjusted according to the logarithm of the empty body weight EBW. From these equations, the net protein and energy requirements for weight gain were estimated. There was an increase in fat (from 37.17 to 59.08 g/kg EBW) and energy (from 1.68 to 1.94 Mcal/kg EBW) concentrations, with increase in body weight from 150 to 250 kg. The protein and energy requirements for gaining 1 kg of EBW increased with the increase in body weight or empty body weight. The relationship between fat concentration in gain and protein requirements also increased, indicating that as the BW or EBW increase, more fat deposition in the gain is observed.
Predicting Value of Different Ultrasound Markers for Diagnosing Morbidly Adherent Placenta and Associated Complications

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the importance of different sonographic findings in the detection of the morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) among pregnant women and then to assess the correlation between delivery complications and ultrasonographic findings. Materials and Methods: This analytical and prospective study was conducted on 150 pregnant women with a previous history of a cesarean section from 2015 to 2017. The sonographic findings included the location of the placenta, retroplacental aliasing, bulging toward the bladder, lacuna, and the lack of sonolucent area behind the placenta. Finally, these patients were followed until delivery and their complications were assessed as well. Results: Of 150 previous cesarean sectioned patients, 101 (67.3%) cases had not sonographic findings of MAP. No morbidity was found in those with no sonographic findings of MAP. Fifty-nine pregnant mothers had the sonographic criteria of MAP prior to delivery, of whom 39 (80%) patients had MAP during the cesarean section. In 39 patients with confirmed MAP, 27 cases underwent a hysterectomy and 12 received special procedures for uterus reservation. In addition, 8 cases had bladder rupture, 25 cases experienced ICU hospitalization, and 33 cases needed a blood transfusion. Of these 39 confirmed MAP, 31 (79.48%) and 8 patients (20.51%) had previa and an anterior placenta without previa, respectively. Finally, no mortality was reported in the current study. Conclusions: In general, the most important sonographic factors on predicting MAP were the location of placenta, the aliasing and bulging while lacuna and the lack of sonolucent area had less value. The results demonstrated 93%, 100%, 90%, 79.59%, and 100% accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive values for the prediction of MAP by ultrasonography, respectively.
Anti-Cancer and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Some Nigerian Food Plants In vitro.

This study was designed to screen different extracts of 15 commonly consumed Nigerian food plants for anti-cancer and free radical scavenging activities. Leaves, seeds or fruits of the plants were each successively extracted with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethanol and water. The cytotoxic activity of each of the extracts was tested against human myeloid leukemia (HL-60), human hepatocellular carcinoma (SMMC-7721), human lung carcinoma (A-549), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and colon cancer (SW480) cell lines using Cisplatin as standard. The free radical scavenging activities of the extracts against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were also determined. The dichloromethane extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaves (VA-D) showed the strongest cytotoxic activity against all the cancer cell lines with IC50 range of 5.85-8.84 pg mL - 1 The dichloromethane extract of Gongronema latifolium leaves (GL-D) showed the highest activity against A-549 and MCF-7 with IC50 of 9.57 and 6.51 pg mL -l, respectively, while Piper guineense leaves (PG-D) exhibited the highest activity against HL-60 with IC50 of 3.62 pg mL - 1 The other extracts were inactive against the cancer cell lines. The ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum leaves (81-E) and Mucuna pruriens seeds (MP-E) showed the highest free radical scavenging activity with SC50 of 6.8 and 7.3xl0-2 mg mL -l, respectively. Other extracts of some of the food plant samples showed varying free radical scavenging activities. The results from this study suggest that some of the food plants screened may possess anti -cancer and antioxidant properties.
Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus at São Tomé Island (São Tomé and Príncipe) — relative abundance, site fidelity and social structure

Although the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus is one of the most common cetacean species around São Tomé Island, Gulf of Guinea, little research has focused on this species in this region. This study investigated the population of bottlenose dolphins around São Tomé Island by estimating the minimum population size, site fidelity and social structure. During a total of 226 surveys between 2002 and 2006, and in 2012, 51 sightings were recorded but only 33 had photographic data suitable for rigorous analysis. The minimum annual total population size, based on permanently marked dolphins, was 37 individuals, and the discovery curve indicated that a large part of the population remained undiscovered. The annual sighting rate for 76 highly distinctive adult animals ranged from 0.20 (seen in one year only) to 1.0 (seen every year of the study period). Resighted individuals demonstrated low association values; the dolphins seemed to form a single group with a fluid structure.
Using Machine Learning Algorithms For Forecasting Rate of Return Product In Reverse Logistics Process

Satis tahmini, stok planlama ve dagitim gibi faaliyetlerde yapilan hatalar nedeni ile bircok tekstil urunu tersine lojistik agina girmektedir. Kaynak kullanimini ve maliyeti en basta azaltmak icin dogru sayida uretimin yani sira bu urunlerin dogru subelere dogru sayida, renkte, bedende ve modelde gonderilmesi, nakliyesinin ve stok planlamasinin dogru bir sekilde yapilmasi gerekmektedir. Cok parametreli ve cok degiskenli problemlerde matematiksel model kurmanin zorlugu nedeniyle istatistiksel yontemler, yapay zeka yontemleri ve makine ogrenme yontemleri kullanilmaktadir. Genel olarak tum bu faaliyetler zaman serisine dayali talep tahminleri baz alinarak yapilir, fakat moda ve tuketicilerin cok cabuk degisen istekleri nedeniyle talep tahminleri ile gerceklesen talepler arasinda onemli farkliliklar dogmaktadir. Son donemde yapilan calismalar gosteriyor ki bu sekilde karmasik yapili buyuk veri setlerinde yapay zeka ve makine ogrenme yontemleri diger tahmin yontemlerine gore dogrulugu daha yuksek sonuclar vermektedir. Bu calismada diger calismalardan fakli olarak Tersine Lojistikte urun iade oranlarinin ilk defa Makine Ogrenme yontemleri ile tahmin edilmesi yapilmistir. Bu kapsamda musterilerin tercihleri ile birlikte satisa cikan urunlerin iadeleri ve nedenleri uzerinde yogunlasilip iadelerin daha dogru bir sekilde tahmin edilmesi amaclanmistir. Elde edilen analizler sonucunda subelere dogru beden, renk ve modelde urunlerin gitmesi; gereksiz uretim, nakliye ve depolama faaliyetlerinden kacinilmasi; maliyetin, kaynak kullaniminin ve cevre kirliliginin azaltilmasi; kacinilamayan nakliye ve depolama maliyetlerinin tahmin edilmesi konularinda daha dogru bir planlama yapilmasi saglanmistir. Makine Ogrenme tekniklerinden M5P algoritmasi ile en iyi tahmin performansina (% 82,35 korelasyon katsayisi ve en dusuk hata olcutleri) ulasmistir.
Caracterização agronômica de acessos de cacau

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento agronomico de 140 acessos de cacau (Theobroma cacao L.) de diferentes origens. De 2002 a 2005, foram avaliados oito caracteres relativos a componentes de producao de amendoas e de resistencia a vassoura-de-bruxa e a coleobroca-dos-frutos. Os dados anuais, totalizados por colheitas e acesso, foram submetidos a analises descritivas de correlacao e de variância em esquema fatorial, seguidas de testes de medias. Os acessos apresentaram elevada variabilidade em todos os caracteres avaliados. Os acessos CAB 9, 13, 40, 218, 226, 417 e 452 destacaram-se quanto a tolerância a vassoura-de-bruxa e coleobrocas e quanto ao desempenho produtivo, que foi de intermediario a elevado. A identificacao de acessos tolerantes a vassoura-de-bruxa ampliou as fontes de genes para uso em melhoramento de cultivares quanto a resistencia horizontal ao patogeno Moniliophthora perniciosa.
THE MUTUAL EFFECT OF RYEGRASS AND CLOVER WHEN GROWN TOGETHER

Italian ryegrass and a late-flowering red clover were grown together, with abundance of water and nutrients for both. It was found that even a small number of ryegrass plants reduced the growth of clover by 30%. This effect varied very little with increasing density of the clover crop. The presence of clover reduced the ryegrass crop by an amount diminishing as the density of the ryegrass was increased. In a sparse crop of ryegrass, clover reduced the growth of the grass considerably more than did barley under comparable conditions. There is no evidence of any specific effect of the roots of one plant on the other. When ample nitrogen is available the clover tends to take some that would otherwise be available for the grass and does not provide the grass with additional nitrogen.
Enterococcus mundtii sp. nov.

Deoxyribonucleic acid base composition, deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization, and biochemical studies were performed on some problematic enterococci of unknown taxonomic position. Our results indicate that some motile, nonpigmented strains are members of Enterococcus gallinarum, whereas motile, yellow-pigmented strains belong to Enterococcus casseliflavus. Four nonmotile, yellow-pigmented strains were biochemically and genetically distinct from all previously described Enterococcus species and constitute a new species, for which the name Enterococcus mundtii is proposed. The type strain of Enterococcus mundtii is strain NCDO 2375.
Tea Catechins Inhibit Cell Proliferation Through Hydrogen Peroxide-Dependent and -Independent Pathways in Human T lymphocytic Leukemia Jurkat Cells

In the present study, we investigated the anti-proliferative effects of four tea catechins: (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECg) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) in human T lymphocytic leukemia Jurkat cells. Each catechin induced a significant cytotoxic effect on Jurkat cells. Combinations of EGCg with other catechins additively potentiated anti-proliferation, extracellular hydrogen peroxide formation, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation and interferon (IFN)-γ mRNA expression. Catalase partly but significantly abolished the cytotoxicity induced by EGC or EGCg, whereas it did not influence the ECor ECg-induced effect. Among the tea catechins, ECg synergistically enhanced the EGCg-induced JNK phosphorylation and IFN-γ expression. The present findings provide evidence that tea catechins are able to concertedly induce cytotoxicity through the JNK/IFN-γ pathway in both a hydrogen peroxide-dependent and -independent manner.
Field and growth chamber evaluation of components of partial resistance to Colletotrichum truncatum in lentil

Abstract The components of panial resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum) were evaluated in lentil (Lens culinaris) in a growth chamber and in the field. Lines PI 299331, PI 320937, PI 345629, 458-57, and cv. Indianhead, with different levels of panial resistance and the susceptible cultivar Eston were inoculated in a growth chamber and in the field using a single virulent isolate of C truncatum. Incubation and latent periods as well as sporulating lesions were measured on stems. A computer imaging system was used to measure lesion number, lesion size, and percent necrotic area per square centimetre on stem samples. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values were also calculated using disease severity from the field samples. Lines PI 320937, PI 345629, 458-57, and cv. Indianhead were found to have high levels of partial resistance, as indicated by significantly smaller and fewer lesions and longer incubation and latent periods than cv. Eston. For each component, PI 299331 was interm.
ON THE PHYCOBIONTS OF THE CYCAD CORALLOID ROOTS

Summary The structure, ultrastructure and the developmental cycle of the phycobionts living in the coralloid roots of various cycads growing in different Italian Botanical Gardens were studied. The phycobionts were examined in the various zones of the coralloids from the top towards the base. All the phycobionts observed have the characteristics typical of Nostoc. Eucaryotic algae, fungi or bacteria have never been observed. Nostoc present in the coralloid roots of various cycads differ from each other in the trichomes and the organization of vegetative cells and heterocysts. Three main types of phycobionts have been distinguished, each having preference for a group or species of cycad. In the coralloid roots the heterocystous phase prevails with vegetative cells and heterocysts. The latter differ from the heterocysts reported in other cyano-bacteria. Their frequency increases towards the basal parts of the coralloid roots and concomitantly they undergo changes until they become empty and stiff. Heterocysts releasing gonidia or dividing were not observed. In the sporogenous phase akinetes were not found. In the oldest coralloid roots few vegetative cells and numerous heterocysts in various stages were found.