Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SOME FACTORS ON SEX OF THE CALF BORN, AND OF SEX OF THE CALF ON PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY COWS

Records of 384 965 parturitions and milk and reproductive performance in subsequent production cycles of 114 526 Black-and-White Polish Holstein-Friesian cows were collected from the SYMLEK database. The animals represented the active population in Pomorze and Kujawy regions, first calved in 2000-2012, and were used or culled until the end of 2013. The GLM and FREQ procedures of the SAS package were used in the statistical calculations. Sex of the calf influenced milk and repro- ductive performance of Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows and the effect was more favourable after a female calf was born. The advantage in milk performance of the cows which gave birth to female calves at first calving may be of importance in mo- dern dairy herds, considering the increasing availability of sexed semen. Significant but small (around 1%) differences in the sex ratio of calves born within factors such as cow's age or production level in the previous lactation do not allow taking these factors into consideration when controlling the sex of the calves born.
Behind the Youthful Facade: The Church of Sweden Abroad and Its Older Visitors and Volunteers

This article addresses the role of the Church of Sweden Abroad, with its 45 parishes in foreign countries, for older Swedes who live or stay abroad, permanently or for long or short periods. The article is based on a research project comprising three studies: a qualitative study, an analysis of websites and information material, and an Internet-based survey. The results highlight the important role played by the parishes for older visitors, in terms of providing community, support, and religious services. However, people above the age of 65 were virtually invisible on the church websites and in other information material. This paradox is discussed and the concept of ageism is used in the analysis.
A new estimator of entropy and its application in testing normality

In this paper, we introduce a new estimator of entropy of a continuous random variable. We compare the proposed estimator with the existing estimators, namely, Vasicek [A test for normality based on sample entropy, J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 38 (1976), pp. 54–59], van Es [Estimating functionals related to a density by class of statistics based on spacings, Scand. J. Statist. 19 (1992), pp. 61–72], Correa [A new estimator of entropy, Commun. Statist. Theory and Methods 24 (1995), pp. 2439–2449] and Wieczorkowski-Grzegorewski [Entropy estimators improvements and comparisons, Commun. Statist. Simulation and Computation 28 (1999), pp. 541–567]. We next introduce a new test for normality. By simulation, the powers of the proposed test under various alternatives are compared with normality tests proposed by Vasicek (1976) and Esteban et al. [Monte Carlo comparison of four normality tests using different entropy estimates, Commun. Statist. –Simulation and Computation 30(4) (2001), pp. 761–785].
It's MY Life: A Student's Perceptions of Her Individualized Transition Program

The participation of students with disabilities in the Individualized Transition Program (ITP) is mandated, yet their active involvement is often lacking. The published research on the perspectives of students about transition is scant. This qualitative study sought to address this research gap by answering the question: “What are the perceptions of a high school senior with a physical disability of the ITP and the transition to post-secondary life? ” Multiple interviews were used to collect the data. Responses were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using the constant-comparison method. Trustworthiness was enhanced by using the strategies of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Three main themes—self-determination, self-confidence, and trusting relationships—emerged from the data. A sub-theme of encouragement from the participant's mother and educators was evident in each main theme. The participant's reported resilience and self-confidence contributed to her high school achievements and positive perception about her abilities entering post-secondary life. Active involvement of the student with a disability is critically important for the development of a self-determined transition plan. The competencies developed during a student-directed transition planning process can help students with disabilities implement their established plan for an adult life of their choosing.
Hubungan Dukungan Suami Dengan Keberhasilan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini Pada Ibu Bersalin Di Klinik Bersalin Bu Nafsi Wonogiri

Abstract: Early initiation of breastfeeding can improve the durability of the baby's body, thereby reducing the risk of death BBL. If not done early initiation of breastfeeding will occur post partum bleeding and the risk of newborn deaths. Husband support can increase the confidence of the mother, so that birth mothers successfully performed early initiation of breastfeeding . This study aimed to determine the relationship of husband support the success of early initiation of breastfeeding at birth mothers.This study used observational analytic with cross sectional approach. Engineering samples using purposive sampling. A sample of 30 mothers who gave birth at the Maternity Clinic Bu NafsiWonogiri in April-June 2016. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire and checklist. The study conducted showed that most birth mothers have the support of a good husband is 16 people (53.3%). While the majority of maternal, successfully performed early initiation of breastfeeding were 19 people (63.3%). The results of data analysis statistical test by using chi square obtained probability value r = 0,012 less than the degrees of freedom ( r <0.05). Based on the results of this study concluded that there is a relationship between husband support the success of early initiation of breastfeeding at birth mothers. Keywords : husband support, early initiation of breastfeeding Abstrak: Inisiasi menyusu dini dapat meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh bayi sehingga mengurangi resiko kematian BBL. Apabila tidak dilakukan inisiasi menyusu dini akan terjadi perdarahan post partum serta resiko kematian bayi baru lahir. Dukungan suami dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri ibu, sehingga ibu bersalin berhasil melakukan inisiasi menyusu dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan suami dengan keberhasilan inisiasi menyusu dini pada ibu bersalin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel sebanyak 30 ibu bersalin yang melahirkan di Klinik Bersalin Bu Nafsi Wonogiri pada bulan April-Juni 2016. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan checklist. Penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ibu bersalin memiliki dukungan suami yang baik yaitu 16 orang (53,3%). Sedangkan mayoritas ibu bersalin, berhasil melakukan inisiasi menyusu dini yaitu 19 orang (63,3%). Hasil analisis data uji statistik dengan menggunakan chi square didapatkan nilai probabilitas r = 0,012 lebih kecil dari derajat kebebasan (r< 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara dukungan suami dengan keberhasilan inisiasi menyusu dini pada ibu bersalin. Kata Kunci : dukungan suami, inisiasi menyusu dini
Affordance-Driven Visual Object Representation

Visual object representation has attracted substantial interest during the last decades. Besides being one of the fundamental challenges of computer vision, it also poses a central challenge to many robotic applications. In these applications, we do not only want to recognize objects but we also want to interact with them. In this context, we are specifically interested in applications involving manipulation and grasping in indoor scenarios. In these scenarios, reasoning about affordances of objects such as graspability, pour-ability, or cut-ability are paramount. Thus, making a link between visual object representation and their affordances plays an essential role in these applications. This thesis deals with the problem of object representation by affordances. The hallmark of our object representation is the notion of parts. We argue that affordances are mostly associated with the parts of objects. For example, the head of a hammer affords pounding or the blade of a knife affords cutting. The distinction of our work compared to current state-of-the-art part based object representations is that in our work parts are driven from the affordances themselves. We present here a number of methods and techniques for a part-based object representation, partbased affordance detection, and actualizing affordances in robotic tasks. We aim at providing methods that robustly generalize to novel objects and are applicable in real robotic scenarios. In our work, we use RGB-D data obtained from a Kinect sensor. We represent the RGB-D data based on parts which carry functional meaning. We then propose a part-based affordance detection approach. Since parts are shared among objects, affordances can thus be detected in novel objects. We then actualize affordances in robotic tasks which generally involve multiple affordances. As an example, scooping beans from a box with a ladle needs grasping the ladle’s handle and scooping with the ladle’s mouth. Thus, we learn relations between object parts and their affordances for performing tasks. The proposed contributions which were integrated in a coherent framework have been evaluated on a number of robotic tasks and a publicly available RGB-D affordance dataset. We obtained a high object segmentation performance compared to the other state-of-the-art part segmentation methods on RGB-D data, even in the presence of clutter. Most importantly, we obtained a high affordance detection performance superior to other baseline methods. We also evaluated our framework in different grasping and manipulation tasks. The evaluation proved the applicability and generalization of our approach in real world scenarios and novel scenes.
Assessment of students’ reading culture in a Nigerian university: Waxing or waning?

This study assessed the trend of the reading culture of the students of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria. The respondents’ level of study, preferred language skill, frequency and duration of reading, and types of materials read were examined. Using a descriptive survey design, data was collected from 509 students in the first and last years of study across eight colleges by means of a questionnaire. The findings revealed that the most preferred language activity was reading with a high percentage engaging in it daily. Most students only read to pass examinations as they hardly engaged in any reading outside school books. A relationship between the students’ level and their reading culture was established. Amongst other recommendations, students were encouraged to read magazines, novels, and other recreational materials in order to improve their reading habits.
Isozyme Pattern and Morpho-agronomical Traits Based Genetic Divergence Studies in Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbreds

The present investigation was carried out with an objective to study genetic divergence based on morpho-agronomical traits and isozyme pattern in eight maize inbreds. These inbreds were evaluated in randomized block design with three replication for ten morph-agronomical traits. Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis technique used to study the isozyme polymorphism in different tissues of eight inbreds. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the inbreds for all the ten morpho-agronomical traits. Nature and extent of genetic divergence for morpho-agronomical traits was measured using average taxonomic distances as a measure of dissimilarity coefficient. Eight inbreds were clustered into four groups (A, B, C, D) based on dissimilarity coefficient. Cluster B and cluster D showed the highest inter cluster distance (2.2422) and the lowest was observed between clusters B and C (1.0401). Cluster A exhibited the highest intra cluster distance (0.8519). Based on inter cluster distances inbreds present in cluster B and D were found more diverse consisted of inbred CML 186 and CM 600 respectively. Six isozyme systems were used for characterization and divergence studies based on similarity coefficients. Inbreds were classified into six clusters (A, B, C, D, E and F). The lowest (0.5957) similarity coefficient exist between inbreds CM 600 and CML 176 and the highest (0.8132) existed between inbreds CML 186 and CML 144. Cluster analysis in both cases reflected the moderate level of genetic divergence among the inbred lines but result may not be completely similar, but somewhat distinct and complementary in nature. Isozyme patterns was found to effective in revealing the nature of relationship among the inbred lines Therefore, divergence study using one estimate can’t replace the need to evaluate the relationship on the basis of the other which may be to used as parents in hybridization programme.
Cultivation of Fiber and Oil Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) in No-Tillage and Conventional Systems. Part II. Influence of No-Tillage and Use of Herbicides on Yield and Weed Infestation of Oil Flax and the Physical and Biological Properties of the Soil

No-tillage methods can help to reduce expenditures and improve profitability of the agricultural production. This issue has been widely discussed for the cultivation of many species, but there are no data on the subject concerning oilseed flax. The field experiments were conducted in the years that vary widely in the course of temperature and precipitation. Tillage method significantly affected the yield of flax in the interaction with the weather conditions. In the dry year, the cultivation method did not differentiate the flax yield, while in the optimum moisture year no-till resulted in a reduction of yield compared to conventional tillage. Weed control with herbicide has contributed to increased yield of linseed but the level of increase was higher with no-till compared to conventional cultivation. The number and weight of weeds in no-tillage flax was 50% lower comparing to conventional plowing in both variants of weed control. Weed control decreased the number and weight of weeds also by 50% regardless of cultivation method applied. Cultivation systems affect the size and composition of the soil microbial populations. No-tillage contributed to an increase of humic substances content in the soil environment, the quantity of soil bacteria, and the population structure.
Regulation of the expression of Sclerostin in periodontal fibroblasts

Sklerostin, ein zentraler Regulator der Knochenneubildung, wird nicht nur im Knochen sondern auch im Zahnhalteapparat, dem sogenannten Parodont, produziert. Sklerostin ist daher moglicherweise an Prozessen beteiligt die den Erhalt der Zahne ermoglichen, aber auch pathophysiologische Wirkungen sind nicht auszuschliesen. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es den Einfluss von Signalmolekulen auf die Produktion von Sklerostin bei parodontalen Fibroblasten zu untersuchen. Basierend auf dieser Frage wurden Fibroblasten des parodontalen Gewebes mit verschiedenen Signalmolekulen inkubiert. Untersucht wurde die Veranderung der Produktion von Sklerostin auf mRNA-Ebene mittels PCR, und Proteinebene mittels Westernblot und ELISA. Um eine mogliche autokrine Wirkung aufzuzeigen wurden die Fibroblasten mit Sklerostin inkubiert und der Einfluss auf Zellfunktionen durch Messungen zur Vitalitat, Proliferation, Proteinsynthese und Chemotaxis untersucht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Transforming Growth Factor-beta1 die Produktion von Sklerostin auf mRNA- und Proteinebene steigert. Die Erhohung erfolgte zeit- und dosisabhangig. Rekombinantes Sklerostin zeigte hingegen keinen Einfluss auf die Zellfunktionen Vitalitat, Proliferation, Proteinsynthese und Chemotaxis parodontaler Fibroblasten. Die Produktion von Sklerostin in parodontalen Fibroblasten unterliegt demnach einer Regulation durch Transforming Growth Factor-beta1. Dass die Regulation von Sklerostin einem autokrinen Mechanismus unterliegt konnte nicht bestatigt werden. Die funktionelle Bedeutung der Regulation von Sklerostin im Parodont ist noch unklar.
Reconstructing the Big Easy: racial heritage tourism in New Orleans

This paper identifies the dominant narratives, themes, and marketing strategies that local tourism organizations and groups have used to promote racial heritage tourism in New Orleans. Drawing on ethnographic methods and qualitative data,I argue racial heritage tourism is a form of cultural production in which people construct and draw on past memories and current perceptions of racial discrimination and segregation to contest marginalization and fashion a racial identity. African Americans use racial heritage tourism as a set of discourses and practices to position themselves as stewards of New Orleans culture and therefore central to the process of ‘reconstructing the Big Easy’ as a distinctive place of African American identity and racial consciousness. The analysis focuses on the linkages between identity construction processes and the growth of heritage tourism and examines the ways in which tourism discourses can mobilize people to create new collective identities. Examining racial heritage tourism contributes to our general understanding of how racial identity is socially constructed and how collective representations of the past and present can promote the growth of heritage tourism.
Modernising subordination? A South Asian perspective on the World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development

The World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development argues that the solution to rural poverty in South Asia is through commercial smallholder farming, rural waged labour in farm and non-farm activities, or outmigration. Critically evaluating the Report from a South Asian perspective on the basis of agrarian structure, market-led agrarian transformation, the power of monopoly capital, and the option of off-farm livelihoods, it is argued that the Report has a deeply flawed understanding of the process of capitalist development in rural South Asia. Its path-dependent vision of the future of agriculture is rooted in modernisation theory, and predicated on the continued subordination of the majority of those who live in the South Asian countryside.
Dividend behaviour of US equity REITs

A new era began for US equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) around 1992. This study is the first to document the dividend smoothing, determinants of dividend payouts, and the market reaction to dividend announcements of the modern REIT. We find the Lintner (1956) smoothing parameter suggests a high level of dividend smoothing in quarterly data and, although we observe substantially less smoothing in the annual data, modern REITs smooth dividends at least as much as their industrial counterparts. Beyond the dividend paid last period and contemporaneous earnings, usual determinants of dividend behaviour in non‐REIT firms are not economically significant, which is a departure from old‐era REITs. Additionally, as compared with non‐REIT firms, we find muted excess stock returns upon announcements of dividend changes. Overall, our findings suggest that managers set a stable (smooth) dividend policy even in the relative absence of market imperfections.
Intimacy and Marital Satisfaction in Spouses

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between intimacy and marital satisfaction of couples in different stages of the family life cycle. The Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR) questionnaire (Schaefer & Olson, 1981) and a subscale of the Enriching and Nurturing Relationship Issues, Communication and Happiness (ENRICH) questionnaire (Olson, Fournier, & Druckman, 1982) were administered to 57 couples. Significant differences between men and women were found on two of the five aspects of experienced intimacy (sexual and recreational) as well as for social and sexual discrepancy scores (difference between experienced and desired intimacy). With the exception of social intimacy as experienced by women, a positive correlation was found for both sexes between all the components of experienced intimacy and marital satisfaction. No differences were found for experienced intimacy or marital satisfaction according to family developmental stages.
In vitro phagocytic activity of blood and milk neutrophils against Saccharomyces cerevisiae in primiparous and multiparous Karan Fries crossbred cows throughout the dry period and lactation cycle

The differences between in vitro phagocytic activity (PA) of neutrophils isolated from first lactating i.e., primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) Karan Fries (Holstein Fresian × Tharparkar) cows, were studied. Blood and milk samples were collected from 12 PP and 12 MP cows during different days of production cycle (dry period and lactation). Blood total leukocyte counts (TLC) and milk somatic cell counts (SCC) were significantly lower in PP as compared to MP cows during all stages of production cycle. Blood TLC was significantly higher at calving and then decreased towards the end of lactation in both the groups. Milk SCC was highest in colostrums, decreased significantly around mid lactation and again increased towards the end of lactation. Phagocytic activity (PA) of blood neutrophils was significantly higher in PP as compared to MP cows. Suppression of PA around parturition was less and also restored earlier in PP as compared to MP cows. PA of colostrums was higher in MP as compared to PP cows; however, PA of milk neutrophils was always higher in PP as compared to MP cows throughout the lactation period. Less PA of neutrophils make the MP cows more prone to infections during the production cycle. Therefore, proper care and nutrition should be provided to them throughout the production cycle.
Health Determinants, Maternal Addiction, and Foster Care: Current Knowledge and Directions for Future Research

Maternal substance use disorders (SUDs) are a known risk factor for poor child welfare outcomes. Efforts to expose the mechanism of this disparity typically focus on the mother’s addiction treatment experiences. However, treatment completion rates are typically higher than reunification rates and current theory does little to explain why some mothers reunify and others do not. This article aims to widen the lens on this area of research through application of a social determinants of health framework. A systematic review of the literature pertinent to mothers with SUDs seeking reunification identifies existing gaps and makes recommendations for practice, policy, and future research.
Effect of genotype and medium composition on flax

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), a member of the family Linaceae, is an important crop in Europe for the production of both oil and fibre. Organic agriculture is based on minimizing the use of external inputs and avoiding the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, therefore resistant genotypes are preferable in an organic agriculture system. Breeding flax using haploid techniques allows breeders to develop new varieties in a shorter time period. However the overall efficiency of plant regeneration is not efficient, therefore identification of responsible genotypes and improvements of protocols are prerequisites for applied breeding programs. The effect of the combination of genotype and growth regulators on callus induction and shoot regeneration in anther culture of flax was investigated. Anther culture response in nine flax cultivars was studied, and four responsible genotypes have been selected. The results suggested that specific combinations of growth regulators must be designed for each genotype. The highest rate of shoots per plant has been obtained in second subculture.