Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Summarization from a Deeper Perspective

Product review nowadays has become an important source of information, not only for customers to find opinions about products easily and share them with their peers, but also for producers to get certain degrees of feedback. Unfortunately, the number of reviews is often too large, making it very difficult to utilize this resource. Therefore, in this project, we build a product review summarization system that can automatically process a large collection of reviews and aggregate information in a concise summary. More importantly, we identified a severe limitation in existing product summarization systems of not being able to provide the underlying reasons to justify users’ opinions. Therefore, we initiated a clustering-based solution to this subtopic problem, and obtained a promising result of 75% in F measure. Subject Descriptors: H.3. 1 Content Analysis and Indexing H.3. 3 Information Search and Retrieval I.2. 7 Natural Language Processing
Heat as a tracer to determine streambed water exchanges

This work reviews the use of heat as a tracer of shallow groundwater movement and describes current temperature‐based approaches for estimating streambed water exchanges. Four common hydrologic conditions in stream channels are graphically depicted with the expected underlying streambed thermal responses, and techniques are discussed for installing and monitoring temperature and stage equipment for a range of hydrological environments. These techniques are divided into direct‐measurement techniques in streams and streambeds, groundwater techniques relying on traditional observation wells, and remote sensing and other large‐scale advanced temperature‐acquisition techniques. A review of relevant literature suggests researchers often graphically visualize temperature data to enhance conceptual models of heat and water flow in the near‐stream environment and to determine site‐specific approaches of data analysis. Common visualizations of stream and streambed temperature patterns include thermographs, temperature envelopes, and one‐, two‐, and three‐dimensional temperature contour plots. Heat and water transport governing equations are presented for the case of transport in streambeds, followed by methods of streambed data analysis, including simple heat‐pulse arrival time and heat‐loss procedures, analytical and time series solutions, and heat and water transport simulation models. A series of applications of these methods are presented for a variety of stream settings ranging from arid to continental climates. Progressive successes to quantify both streambed fluxes and the spatial extent of streambeds indicate heat‐tracing tools help define the streambed as a spatially distinct field (analogous to soil science), rather than simply the lower boundary in stream research or an amorphous zone beneath the stream channel.
Estructura trófica de las asociaciones de macroinvertebrados acuáticos de manantiales cársticos en la Huasteca Mexicana

An analysis on the trophic structure and composition of the macroinvertebrates assemblages in karstic springs and first section of streams produced by these springs of the Mexican Huasteca is presented. The Huasteca Mexicana is an area located in the northeast portion of Mexico, between 20° and 24° north and the east from meridian 100°. A common feature of this geologic region is the presence of karstic sediments in the springs, as a feature of the landscape. The taxonomic level of family was used for the analysis. The results showed that the feeding composition is more complex in the adult stages. In the larvae stages the composition is conformed by collectors and shredders families; while in the adults the composition is mainly constituted by families of grazers and collectors. The main differences in feeding compositions between karstic springs and initial
Pension Reforms and Women Retirement Plans

We analyse the effects of pension reforms on the planned retirement age of women by exploiting within country variation in pension wealth across cohorts of workers in Italy after the Amato and Dini reforms of the early 1990s, which introduced a “notionally defined contribution” (NDC) method for calculating pension benefits. The effect of the change in the pension regime on retirement decisions is affected by the presence of gaps in careers of women. Binding constraints related to eligibility to pensions indeed reduce the responsiveness of women to changes in pension rules. This explains why, contrary to a priori expectations, men are often found to be more reactive than women to changes in pension rules.
“Paolo Baffi” Centre on Central Banking and Financial Regulation

We explore the nature of Business Groups, that is network-like forms of hierarchical organization between legally autonomous rms spanning both within and across national borders. Exploiting a unique dataset of 270,474 headquarters controlling more than 1,500,000 (domestic and foreign) a liates in all countries worldwide, we nd that business groups account for a signi cant part of value-added generation in both developed and developing countries, with a prevalence in the latter. In order to characterize their boundaries, we distinguish between an a liate vs. a group-level index of vertical integration, as well as an entropy-like metric able to summarize the hierarchical complexity of a group and its trade-o between exploitation of knowledge as an input across the hierarchy and the associated communication costs. We relate these metrics to host country institutional characteristics, as well as to the performance of a liates across business groups. Conditional on institutional quality, a negative correlation exists between vertical integration and organizational complexity in de ning the boundaries of business groups. We also nd a robust (albeit non-linear) positive relationship between a group's organizational complexity and productivity which dominates the already known correlation between vertical integration and productivity. Results are in line with the theoretical framework of knowledge-based hierarchies developed by the literature, in which intangible assets are a complementary input in the production processes. JEL classi cation: F23; L22; L23; L25; D24, G34
The Influence of Oxidative Stress on Symptom Occurrence, Severity, and Distress During Childhood Leukemia Treatment

Purpose/Objectives: To explore the symptom trajectory during the first 16 months of childhood leukemia treatment and any associations with the oxidative stress pathway measured by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of oxidized phosphatidylcholine (PC), the predominant glyc-erophospholipid in the brain and cell membranes. Design: Prospective, longitudinal design. Setting: Two cancer centers in the southwestern United States. Sample: 36 children (aged 3–14 years) newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Methods: Symptoms were measured using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale at six specific time points during treatment. Biochemical changes in oxidative stress were measured by oxidized PC in the CSF. Main Research Variables: Childhood cancer symptoms, oxidized PC. Findings: Significant differences were found in the number of symptoms experienced during the three phases of treat-ment. Symptom trajectory changes and influence of the oxidative stress pathway on symptom experiences were identified. Conclusions: Symptoms experienced during treatment for childhood leukemia are associated with increased oxidative stress. Implications for Nursing
Exploring the association between housing insecurity and mental health among renters: A systematic review

Adverse social and economic conditions negatively impact mental health and well-being. The present systematic review is the first to investigate the association between housing insecurity and mental health outcomes among renters, with a focus on housing affordability and instability. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in December 2022 across four databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and ASSIA). Quantitative studies from OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) member countries were eligible for inclusion if they investigated housing insecurity by examining at least one independent variable related to housing affordability and/or instability, and included at least one mental health-related outcome among adult renters. Due to heterogeneity of the identified studies, we performed a narrative synthesis. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 14 applied a longitudinal design, five a cross-sectional design, and three a quasi-experimental design. Among the nine studies examining housing affordability, six reported significant associations between unaffordable rent and poor mental health in low-income renters. Regarding housing instability, 12 out of 14 studies reported significant associations between unstable housing and renters mental health issues. Measures of housing insecurity varied, with rent-to-income ratio and forced moves being most commonly employed. Mental health outcomes focused primarily on overall mental health, well-being, and depressive symptoms, while few studies explored other mental health outcomes. The findings suggest that experiencing unaffordable or unstable housing has a negative impact on renters overall mental health and depressive symptoms. Housing insecurity poses a significant challenge for renters in OECD countries, highlighting the need for policymakers to implement supportive housing policies and tenure protection measures in order to improve renters housing security and ultimately public health.
Cuadernos de economía

This article presents a comparative analysis of GDP growth forecasts for 19 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries, reported by the IMF and ECLAC for the period 2003---2013. Contradicting the general result of the literature that asserts that economic predictions of ofﬁcial organizations tend to be optimistic, our results show that during that period, one year-ahead IMF and ECLAC GDP growth forecasts were downward biased. Furthermore, the analysis of usual goodness of ﬁt measures and accuracy tests show that ECLAC’s forecasts performed relatively better than that of the IMF during the period. Another interesting result is that no evidence was found regarding the inﬂuence of political type incentives on the bias of GDP forecasts as suggested by some authors. Instead, the results show that downward bias in projections has been strongly inﬂuenced by the underestimation of the impact of international economic factors, particularly the drastic increase in commodity export prices, on GDP growth of LAC economies
on the Safety of lacto-N-neotetraose as a novel food ingredient pursuant to Regulation ( EC ) No 258 / 97 Tetens

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on lacto-N-neotetraose as a novel food ingredient (NFI) submitted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council, taking into account the comments and objections of a scientific nature raised by Member States. Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) is a synthetic tetrasaccharide, which is intended to be used in infant and follow-on formulae, foods for special medical purposes for infants and young children and other foods for infants and young children, as well as in foods or food supplements for adults. The information provided on the potential mutagenicity of LNnT does not raise safety concerns as regards the genotoxicity of this NFI. Based on the observations from a sub-chronic 90-day toxicity study in rats, the Panel considers that the no observed adverse effect level is 2 500 mg/kg body weight per day. The applicant provided a double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial on the effects of LNnT consumed in combination with another oligosaccharide (2’-O-fucosyllactose (2’-FL)) in infants. The Panel concludes that LNnT is safe for infants (up to one year of age) when added to infant and follow-on formulae, in combination with 2’-FL, at concentrations up to 0.6 g/L of LNnT and up to 1.2 g/L of 2’-FL, at a ratio of 1:2 in the reconstituted formulae; is safe for young children (older than one year of age) when added to follow-on and young-child formulae, at concentrations up to 0.6 g/L of LNnT (alone or in combination with 2’-FL, at concentrations up to 1.2 g/L, at a ratio of 1:2). The Panel also concludes that LNnT is safe when added to other foods at the uses and use levels proposed by the applicant. © European Food Safety Authority, 2015
? The health impact of caregiving to one's spouse

Informal care may substitute for formal long ‐ term care that is often publicly funded or subsidized. The costs of informal caregiving are borne by the caregiver and may consist of worse health outcomes and, if the caregiver has not retired, worse labor market outcomes. We estimate the impact of providing informal care to one's partner on the caregiver's health using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. We use statistical matching to deal with selection bias and endogeneity. We find that in the short run caregiving has a substantial effect on the health of caregivers and, for female caregivers, on their health care use. These effects should be taken into account when comparing the costs and benefits of formal and informal care provision. The health effects may, however, be short ‐ lived, as we do not find any evidence that they persist after 4 or 7 years.
Integrated analysis of miRNA profiles and gut bacterial changes in Altica viridicyanea following antibiotic treatment

Abstract The gut bacteria involves in insect homeostasis by playing essential roles in host physiology, metabolism, innate immunity, and so forth. microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression to affect immune or metabolic processes in insects. For several non‐model insects, the available knowledge on the relationship between changes in the gut bacteria and miRNA profiles is limited. In this study, we investigated the gut bacterial diversity, composition, and function from Altica viridicyanea feeding on normal‐ and antibiotic‐treated host plants using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing; antibiotics have been shown to affect the body weight and development time in A. viridicyanea, suggesting that the gut bacteria of the normal sample were more diverse and abundant than those of the antibiotic‐fed group, and most of them were involved in various physical functions by enrichment analysis. Furthermore, we executed small RNA transcriptome sequencing using the two experimental groups to obtain numerous sRNAs, such as piRNAs, siRNAs, and known and novel miRNAs, by data mapping and quality control, and furthermore, a total of 224 miRNAs were identified as significantly differentially expressed miRNAs, of which some DEMs and their target genes participated in immune‐ and metabolism‐related pathways based on GO and KEGG annotation. Besides, regarding the regulatory roles of miRNA and target genes, a interaction network of DEM‐target gene pairs from eight immune‐ or metabolism‐related signaling pathways were constructed. Finally, we discovered that DEMs from above pathways were significantly positively or negatively correlated with gut bacterial alterations following antibiotic treatment. Collectively, the observations of this study expand our understanding of how the disturbance of gut bacteria affects miRNA profiles in A. viridicyanea and provide new valuable resources from extreme ranges for future studies on the adaptive evolution in insects.
Characteristics and potential sources of atmospheric mercury at a subtropical near‐coastal site in East China

To evaluate the impact of regional mercury (Hg) emissions and understand possible source regions of atmospheric Hg in Eastern China, 2 year observation for speciated atmospheric Hg was conducted at the Dameishan Atmospheric Observatory, a mountain site near the east coast of China. The observed concentration of total gaseous Hg (TGM) was 3.3 ± 1.4 ng m−3. During the sampling period, gaseous oxidized Hg and particulate bound Hg were 6.7 ± 4.3 pg m−3 and 180 ± 110 pg m−3 in winter and 5.9 ± 3.4 pg m−3 and 130 ± 100 pg m−3 in spring, respectively. The relatively high mean concentration of TGM was mainly caused by regional anthropogenic emissions and occasional long‐range transport from domestic source regions. Seasonal variation in the TGM concentration was observed with lower values in the wet monsoon season (from May to September) and higher values in the dry monsoon season (from October to April). Backward trajectories and potential source contribution function analysis suggested that anthropogenic Hg emission from coal combustion in the Yangtze River Delta region was the most likely cause for the elevated TGM concentrations. Relatively clean air originating from the East China Sea was the most possible cause for the observed low TGM concentrations. Positive correlation between TGM concentration and air quality index suggests that emissions that influenced regional air quality contributed to the elevated TGM concentrations.
A New Record of Boudinage-structure from Scotland

The peculiar tectonic structure called “boudinage” by Lohest (5, pp. 471–2), has recently been found in Unst, Shetland Islands, by Professor H. H. Read (8, pp. 134–8), who has also noted its occurrence in tie Durn Hill quartzites of Banffshire (9, p. 471). What would now be termed boudinage-structure was seen by Ramsay in North Wales, and was described in 1866 in these words (6, and. fig. 18): “In the great quarry west of the Ffestiniog and Trawsfynydd fault the cleavage dips from 45° to 50° north-west, the inclination of the beds being about 35° in the same direction, and a greenstone dyke runs through them between the cleavage-planes…, bulging and thinning off in a rapid succession of oval-shaped masses of 3 or 4 feet in length. Associated with it are quartz veins ccurring principally at the points between the separate bulgings of the greenstone. ”
Assessing Your Strengths – Hungarian Validation of the 24-Item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths on a Large Sample

Introduction: Several studies have shown the inconsistent factorial structures of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths between cultures. Aims: This paper describes an adapted Hungarian version of the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for adults. Methods: Participants in three online self-report questionnaire-based cross-sectional studies ( S n = 10,911) filled in the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths, the Global Well-being Scale, Huppert’s and Diener’s Flourishing Scales, and the Positivity Scale. Results: The exploratory factor analyses provided evidence for four factors: Wisdom and Knowledge; Humanity; Temperance; and Spirituality and Transcendence. The scales showed excellent internal consistency values in each study. The confirmatory factor analyses of the subsamples also showed a good fit. Low discriminant but excellent content validity was proved. Participants rated themselves highest on Humanity and lowest on Temper-ance. Women reported significantly higher values on both the Humanity and the Spirituality and Transcendence virtue scales than did men. The Wisdom and Knowledge virtue showed a positive correlation with education level. Among those living alone, Humanity was significantly lower, while the level of Humanity among married people stood significantly higher than in any other group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the Hungarian version of the 24-item Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for adults serves as a suitable measure for assessing character strengths and virtues.
Surgical procedures for papillary thyroid carcinoma located in the thyroid isthmus: an intention-to-treat analysis

Objective We sought to evaluate and compare the outcomes of different surgical protocols for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) located in the isthmus in a retrospective intention-to-treat analysis. Patients and methods The data of 3,068 patients who received thyroidectomy due to thyroid cancer in our center were reviewed. Of these, 103 patients had a dominant carcinoma located in the isthmus. Various baseline and tumor characteristics and surgical outcomes were evaluated and compared with respect to the different surgical protocols (85 cases with total thyroidectomy and 18 cases with less-than-total thyroidectomy). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify resected patients who developed recurrence with isthmic PTC. Results The postoperative complication rates were comparable between the two groups (17.6% versus 11.1%, P=0.500). Although the total thyroidectomy group showed a much higher rate (P=0.004) and number (P<0.001) of parathyroidectomies, long-term follow-up indicated that parathyroid autotransplantation did not significantly damage the function of the parathyroid (P>0.05). Tumor recurrence was observed in five patients, including two patients in the total thyroidectomy group and three patients in the less-than-total thyroidectomy group; the tumor recurrence rate in the total thyroidectomy group was significantly lower than that in the less-than-total thyroidectomy group (P=0.040). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated less-than-total thyroidectomy as a risk factor for tumor recurrence in PTC cases with tumors located at the isthmus (hazard ratio: 1.870, 95% confidence interval: 1.320–2.218, P<0.001). Conclusion Our findings indicate that total thyroidectomy is an appropriate initial surgical protocol for isthmic PTC due to the lower recurrence rate, comparable postoperative complication rate, and parathyroid function recovery.
Spindle-shaped Ediacara fossils from the Mistaken Point assemblage, Avalon Zone, Newfoundland

The Mistaken Point assemblage of the Ediacara fossils is dominated by rangeomorphs with homologous fractal branching elements. The most distinctive are the fusiform fossils, herein named Fractofusus misrai n.gen., and n.sp. , and Fractofusus andersoni n.gen., and n.sp. Although endemic to the Newfoundland portion of the Avalonia terrane, they dominated deep sea-floor communities below the photic zone, in the mid-Ediacaran Period (ca. 575–560 Ma). Their biological affinities remain uncertain, but their architecture suggests a phylogenetic position near the base of the Metazoa.
Critical Review Autophagy: A Pathogen Driven Process

Summary Host cell recognition and eradication of invading pathogens is crucial for the control of microbial infections. However, several microorganisms develop tactics that allow them to survive intra-cellularly. Autophagy, a process involved in protein turnover and in charge of the removal of aged organelles by degradation of engulfed cytoplasmic portions, was recently shown to play a clear role in the detection and elimination of intracellular pathogens. Yet, some pathogens employ elegant strategies to elude entrapment in auto-phagosomes, and thus to avoid lysosomal degradation, whereas others utilize the autophagy pathway for their own beneﬁt. In this review some recent ﬁndings on the relationship between micro-organisms and autophagy are summarized, the underlying assumption being that intracellular infection models may contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the auto-phagic process. IUBMB Life , 59: 238–242, 2007