Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydrolytic Stability and Changes in E Vitamers and Oryzanol of Extruded Rice Bran During Storage

Rice bran was extruded at 110, 120, 130, and 140°C with post extrusion holding times of 0, 3, and 6 min and stored at ambient temperatures for 1 yr. Holding time had no effect (p>0.05) on hydrolytic stability whereas 110°C was slightly less effective in maintaining hydrolytic stability. Increased holding times reduced (p<0.05) total vitamin E content. Oryzanol concentration was lower (p<0.05) only after 6 min holding time. Oryzanol was relatively more stable to extrusion temperatures than vitamin E. Thc highest retentions of total vitamin E and oryzanol were found in raw rice bran during storage. Increased extrusion temperatures reduced the retention of vitamin E and oryzanol during storage.
ANKRD22 enhances breast cancer cell malignancy by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via modulating NuSAP1 expression

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women worldwide. Although great advancements have been achieved in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, the prognosis of patients with breast cancer is still poor due to distal recurrence and metastasis after surgery. This study aimed to assess the role of ankyrin repeat domain 22 (ANKRD22) in the progression of breast cancer and investigate the molecular mechanism. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that the expression level of ANKRD22 in human breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal breast tissues. ANKRD22 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of breast cancer cells, as confirmed by BrdU, colony formation, transwell, and immunoblot assays. Immunoblot assays further indicated that ANKRD22 regulated the expression of nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NuSAP1) and then caused the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, overexpression of NUSAP1 reversed the inhibitory effects of ANKRD22 knockdown on the proliferation, invasion, and EMT of breast cancer cells. In summary, this study demonstrated that ANKRD22 enhanced breast cancer cell malignancy by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via modulating NuSAP1 expression, which might shed light on new therapeutic approaches for breast cancer.
Relationships among Type Traits and Milk Yield of Brown Swiss Cattle

Abstract Variances and covariances for herd-year, sire, and residual effects were estimated for 10 standard type traits and milk yield from type records on 12,838 Brown Swiss cows and milk records on 5,911 of these. A total of 712 sires and 824 herds was involved. The model was a random two-way, cross-classified model (herd-year and sire of cow) with no interaction. Covariances with descriptive type traits scored in categories as present or absent also were estimated as were variance-covariance matrices for descriptive type traits when each category was a separate trait. Genetic correlations of standard type traits with final classification score were large and positive. Genetic correlations of desirable categories of descriptive type traits with final classification also were positive. Standard type traits and final score had positive genetic correlations with milk yield generally ranging from . 18 to . 29 except for feet and legs . 03.
Association of Padua prediction score with in-hospital prognosis in COVID-19 patients

Abstract Background Nearly 20% novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have abnormal coagulation function. Padua prediction score (PPS) is a validated tools for venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment. However, its clinical value in COVID-19 patients evaluation was unclear. Methods We prospectively evaluated the VTE risk of COVID-19 patients using PPS. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Association of PPS with 28-days mortality was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results 274 continuous patients were enrolled, with total mortality of 17.2%. Patients in high PPS group, with significantly abnormal coagulation, have a higher levels of interleukin 6 (25.27 pg/ml vs.2.55 pg/ml, P < 0.001), prophylactic anticoagulation rate (60.7% vs. 6.5%, P<0.001) and mortality (40.5% vs. 5.9%, P<0.001) as compared with that in low PPS group. Critical patients showed higher PPS (6 score vs. 2 score, P<0.001) than that in severe patients. Multivariate logistic regression revealed the independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality included high PPS (OR: 7.35, 95%CI: 3.08 - 16.01), increased interleukin-6 (OR: 11.79, 95%CI: 5.45 - 26.20) and elevated d-dimer (OR: 4.65, 95%CI: 1.15 - 12.15). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated patients with higher PPS had a significant survival disadvantage. Prophylactic anticoagulation in higher PPS patients show a mild advantage of mortality but without statistical significance (37.1% vs. 45.7%, P=0.42). Conclusion Higher PPS associated with in-hospital poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Prophylactic anticoagulation showed a mild advantage of mortality in COVID-19 patients with higher PPS, but it remain need further investigation.
Insect Diversity in Two Burned and Grazed Grasslands

Abstract This study examined insect diversity in two native grassland ecosystems undergoing burning and grazing by bison and cattle, the Niobrara Valley Preserve (Nebraska) and the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve (Oklahoma). Sweep-sampling for insects was conducted during July 1994 and 1995 along transects in management units that were grazed by bison and partially burned, grazed by cattle and either burned (Tallgrass) or unburned (Niobrara), or ungrazed and unburned. At both sites, species richness (S) and diversity (log series α) were higher and similarity (Sorensen’s index) lower for bison than for cattle or ungrazed management units. High bison management unit diversity was associated with significantly higher S and α in burned (Tallgrass) and unburned (Niobrara) portions of bison units compared with their respective cattle units, suggesting that habitat heterogeneity in terms of plant productivity, composition, and structure were higher in bison versus cattle and ungrazed management units. Replicated factorial experiments and sampling of additional taxa and time points are needed to verify how fire and grazing management impacts insect diversity in these grasslands.
Robust geographical determinants of infection prevalence and a contrasting latitudinal diversity gradient for haemosporidian parasites in Western Palearctic birds

Identifying robust environmental predictors of infection probability is central to forecasting and mitigating the ongoing impacts of climate change on vector‐borne disease threats. We applied phylogenetic hierarchical models to a data set of 2,171 Western Palearctic individual birds from 47 species to determine how climate and landscape variation influence infection probability for three genera of haemosporidian blood parasites (Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon, and Plasmodium). Our comparative models found compelling evidence that birds in areas with higher vegetation density (captured by the normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]) had higher likelihoods of carrying parasite infection. Magnitudes of this relationship were remarkably similar across parasite genera considering that these parasites use different arthropod vectors and are widely presumed to be epidemiologically distinct. However, we also uncovered key differences among genera that highlighted complexities in their climate responses. In particular, prevalences of Haemoproteus and Plasmodium showed strong but contrasting relationships with winter temperatures, supporting mounting evidence that winter warming is a key environmental filter impacting the dynamics of host‐parasite interactions. Parasite phylogenetic community diversities demonstrated a clear but contrasting latitudinal gradient, with Haemoproteus diversity increasing towards the equator and Leucocytozoon diversity increasing towards the poles. Haemoproteus diversity also increased in regions with higher vegetation density, supporting our evidence that summer vegetation density is important for structuring the distributions of these parasites. Ongoing variation in winter temperatures and vegetation characteristics will probably have far‐reaching consequences for the transmission and spread of vector‐borne diseases.
Potential adaptive divergence between subspecies and populations of snapdragon plants inferred from Q ST–F ST comparisons

Phenotypic divergence among natural populations can be explained by natural selection or by neutral processes such as drift. Many examples in the literature compare putatively neutral (FST) and quantitative genetic (QST) differentiation in multiple populations to assess their evolutionary signature and identify candidate traits involved with local adaptation. Investigating these signatures in closely related or recently diversified species has the potential to shed light on the divergence processes acting at the interspecific level. Here, we conducted this comparison in two subspecies of snapdragon plants (eight populations of Antirrhinum majus pseudomajus and five populations of A. m. striatum) in a common garden experiment. We also tested whether altitude was involved with population phenotypic divergence. Our results identified candidate phenological and morphological traits involved with local adaptation. Most of these traits were identified in one subspecies but not the other. Phenotypic divergence increased with altitude for a few biomass‐related traits, but only in A. m. striatum. These traits therefore potentially reflect A. m. striatum adaptation to altitude. Our findings imply that adaptive processes potentially differ at the scale of A. majus subspecies.
Seedfall in a young-growth Douglas-fir stand: 1950–1978

A 29-year record of seedfall in thinned and unthinned portions of a Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stand, spanning ages 39 through 68, reveals annual seed production from no seeds to about 3 million per hectare. For the nine largest crops, annual seedfall in the best seed-producing thinning treatment included at least 100 000 filled seed per hectare. The first of these nine crops was in 1950; the other eight occurred at 1- to 4-year intervals beginning with 1959. For the nine largest crops, the proportion of seeds filled averaged 45% and ranged from 30 to 54%. Typically, about two-thirds of the seed fell by mid-December; but for two of the three largest crops, time of seed shedding was greatly delayed. Thinning substantially increased the number of seeds produced in some years following thinning but the effect was not lasting. There was little or no effect of thinning on the proportion of seed filled or timing of seed dissemination.
Blood cell counts and lymphocyte subsets of patients admitted during the COVID‐19 pandemic: a prospective cohort study

Aberrant blood cell counts, most prominently lymphopenia, have been identified as markers of the degree of severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Terpos et al, 2020; Yang et al, 2020; Wan et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2020; Zhao et al, 2020). However, most of these studies lack comparison to a COVID-19 negative, contemporary control group. Additionally, the longitudinal composition and dynamics of lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients are insufficiently characterized.
Optimization of Endoglucanase Production by Aspergillus niger VTCC-F021

Among 63 Aspergillus niger strains collected at the Vietnam Type Culture Collection, the strain Aspergillus niger VTCC-F021 showed the highest endoglucanase production. The endoglucanase production by A. niger VTCC-F021 attained the maximum in CPY medium containing (w/v) 0.4% 24 4 2 4 2 peptone, 0.1% extrat, 0.1% K HPO , 0.05% KCl, 0.05% MgSO . 7H O, 0.001% FeSO . 7H O and 1% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), after 120 hours of cultivation at 37°C, agitated at 200 rpm. The optimum temperature and initial pH for the endoglucanase production by the A. niger VTCC-F021 strain was 37°C and pH 5. Among tested carbon sources (coffee shell, corncob, dried tangerine skin, glucose, lactose, peanut shell, rice bran, sucrose, and sugar-cane bagasse), yeast extract and sugar-cane bagasse at the concentration of 0.1% (w/v) showed the highest glucanase production with an activity of 6.88 U/ml (100%) and 6.62 U/ml (96%), respectively. Peptone and soybean powder were the best 42 3 4 2 4 among tested nitrogen sources (NH ) NO , (NH ) SO , fish powder, peptone, soybean powder, urea) with glucanase activity of 5.32 U/ml (100%) and 5.11 U/ml (96%), respectively. A. niger VTCC-F021 produced the glucanase production optimum in the optimal CPY medium containing 0.4% (w/v) of sugar-cane bagasse as the carbon source and 1.4% (w/v) of soybean powder as the nitrogen source.
SARS‐CoV‐2, COVID‐19 pandemic, “coronawar”… oops; something was forgotten. Cardiovascular disease is still here! The collateral damage

way in which a pandemic can impair optimal medical care. 5 Careful consideration should be given to every patient. Health practitioners should weigh the risks and recommend the optimal treatment. A center with lower COVID ‐ 19 rates may be the solution. 4 A strategy of referring hospital could be another solution. It would probably be better for both COVID and non ‐ COVID patients if they could seek medical help in different specialized hospitals. Therefore, a separation between Hospitals of infectious diseases like COVID ‐ 19 and Cardiac Centers or Trauma Hospitals may be profit-able. There should probably be hospitals specialized to admit patients with COVID and these hospitals should not be general ones which offer plenty of medical services to non ‐ COVID patients. During our efforts to deal with this pandemic, we need to have in mind the collateral damage. Non ‐ COVID patients should not anyway stay away from the hospital. 7 Provided the dynamic nature of cardiovascular diseases, frequent reprioritizing of patients should be considered. 4 Avoiding care for life ‐ threatening but treatable conditions can be a disaster larger than the direct consequences of the infection. 7 Nearly 40% of untreated patients among those who do not seek medical care are estimated to experience a significant complication or death. Indirect effects of COVID ‐ 19 on non ‐ COVID health problems can be more detrimental than the pandemic itself. 10 Any inappropriate delay in seeking the appropriate care for emergent cardiovascular conditions can more adversely affect the health care system long term. 6 COVID ‐ 19 is a new hazard. It did not replace previous ones. The cardiovascular disease menace is still here and it can be a fatal one. No funding was received. The authors declare there are conflict of interests.
Food Habits of the Harpy Eagle, a Top Predator from the Amazonian Rainforest Canopy

Abstract The Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja), the heaviest and the most powerful bird of prey in the canopy of the Neotropical rainforests, is critically endangered in some parts of its range, mainly due to hunting pressure and habitat loss by deforestation. In this study, we found that the diet of five breeding pairs of Harpy Eagles in the central Amazonian rainforest over three years was dominated by two species of sloths (Bradypus variegatus and Choloepus didactylus) in terms of number of individuals and biomass consumed. Twelve other species, including primates, rodents, carnivores, and birds, also contributed to the Harpy Eagle diet in central Amazonia; there was no evidence of Harpy Eagle predation on livestock or domestic animals. Throughout the Harpy Eagle's entire range, 69 prey species have been documented, indicating that it can use a wide range of food resources. However, in our study, there was an evident diet specialization, resulting in a niche breadth which was relatively low (Bsta = 0.171). Conservation of Harpy Eagles should include protection of nesting trees, territories, and prey species to maintain the variability and availability of resources and its ecological functions throughout its geographic range. HÁBITOS DE FORRAJEO DE HARPIA HARPYJA, UN DEPREDADOR TOPE DEL DOSEL DE LA SELVA LLUVIOSA AMAZÓNICA Harpia harpyja, el ave de presa más pesada y poderosa del dosel de los bosques lluviosos neotropicales, está en peligro crítico en algunas partes de su distribución, principalmente debido a la presión de caza y la pérdida de hábitat por deforestación. En este estudio encontramos que la dieta de cinco parejas reproductivas de H. harpyja en los bosques lluviosos amazónicos centrales estuvo dominada a lo largo de tres años por dos especies de perezosos (Bradypus variegatus y Choloepus didactylus) en términos de número de individuos y biomasa consumidos. Otras doce especies, incluyendo primates, roedores, carnívoros y aves también contribuyeron a la dieta de H. harpyja en la Amazonía central; no hubo evidencia de depredación de ganado o animales domésticos por parte de H. harpyja. A lo largo de la distribución completa de H. harpyja se documentaron 69 especies de presa, indicando que la misma puede utilizar un amplio rango de fuentes de alimento. Sin embargo, en nuestro estudio hubo una evidente especialización de la dieta, resultando en un ancho de nicho relativamente estrecho (Bsta = 0.171). La conservación de H. harpyja debería incluir la protección de árboles nido, de territorios y de especies de presas para mantener la variabilidad y disponibilidad de recursos y sus funciones ecológicas a través de su distribución geográfica.
The Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus): A Conservation Challenge

Abstract The northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) has an extensive range in North America, inhabiting boreal, coniferous, and mixed forests of the northern United States and Canada and the slopes of the mountains of the east and west. Most undisturbed northern populations are apparently thriving, but those in the southern mountains are considered disjunct relicts occupying declining remnants of suitable habitat. It is clear that range contraction in the past has been associated with climate and vegetation change in the Pleistocene and the large-scale timber harvests of the early 20th century and that today a significant threat comes from forest practices and development. However, the major problem in dealing with conservation of this species is understanding its complex ecological position in its regional communities and the subtle as well as obvious influences of human activities. Thus, to preserve this species over its extensive range one will have to consider its various roles as a biological opportunist, an important prey item, a disperser of mycorrhizae, a potential victim of biological warfare, and a small, secretive glider especially vulnerable to anthropogenic and possible climatic changes in the size, arrangement, and quality of its home forests.
Metamizole but not ibuprofen reduces the plasma concentration of sertraline: Implications for the concurrent treatment of pain and depression/anxiety disorders

Comorbidity of pain and depression or anxiety is a challenging clinical phenomenon, often requiring the concurrent application of antidepressant and analgesic drugs. Growing evidence suggests that the analgesic metamizole exhibits cytochrome P450 inducing properties. In the present study, we assessed the impact of metamizole and ibuprofen on plasma concentrations of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline.
Effects of NaCl and NaHCO3 on food intake, growth rate and acid-base balance in calves

SUMMARY Calves were reared on milk replacer up to 5 weeks of age and given ad libitum access to pellets and chopped straw from 1 to 10 weeks of age. Major ingredients of the pellets were ground barley (B) or ground barley and grass meal in a 6:4 ratio (G). Included in these two basal diets were NaCl or NaHCO3, each at 2, 11, 20 or 29 g Na/kg D.M. Calves on G diets ate more than those on B diets but grew at a similar rate. The replacement value of grass meal for ground barley was 1·36:1. Most responses to Na inclusions were unaffected by the basal diets. Before weaning there were linear increases in food intake and growth rate related to Na level in the diet. At 29 g Na/kg D.M. , total D.M. intake/kg0.75 and growth rate were respectively 31 and 23% greater than at 2 g Na/kg D.M. After weaning there were differential responses to the two salts. With NaHC03 there were linear increases in food intake and growth rate up to 20 g Na/kg D.M. , at which level total D.M. intake/kg0.75 and growth rate were respectively 36 and 44% greater than at 2 g Na/kg D.M. With NaCl the only significant response was that total D.M. intake at 11 g Na/kg D.M. was 16% higher than at 2 g Na/kg D.M. Observations on acid-base balance and water intake indicated that inclusions of NaCl or NaHCO3 up to 20 g Na/kg D.M. were well tolerated by calves. Above this level there was a sharp increase in water intake, and with NaHCO3 there was a large base excess and high pH in the blood.
Bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic Aspergillus fumigatus: structural elucidation and bioactivity studies

During the research for bioactive secondary metabolites from microorganisms, the endophytic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus sp. isolate R7 was found to produce a set of promising bioactive compounds (1-10) after its large scale fermentation, working up and purification using a series of chromatographic techniques. Structural elucidation of the yielded compounds using intensive studies of their NMR ( 1 H, 13 C& 2D NMR) and mass (EI MS, ESI MS) spectrometry confirmed them as linoleic acid (1), R(-)-glycerol monolinoleate (2), bis-dethio-(bis-methyl-thio)-gliotoxin (3), fumiquinazoline-F (4), fumiquinazoline-D (5), (Z,Z)-N,N’-[1-[(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)methylene]-2-[(4-methoxy-phenyl)-methylene]-1,2-ethanediyl]-bis-formamide (6), pyrazoline-3-one trimer (7), Tricho-9-ene-2a,3a,11a,16-tetraol (8), 2’-deoxy-thymidine (9), and cerebroside A (10). In this article, taxonomical characterization, fermentation, structural characterization of the obtained metabolites were reported together with their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. www.relaquim. com
Population structure and regeneration status of Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. in homegardens of Upper Assam, northeast India

Aquilaria malaccensis, a critically endangered tree species of India, is cultivated in homegardens of Assam. We studied the population structure and regeneration status of this species in homegardens of Upper Assam, northeast India. Population structure of the species was studied in 135 homegardens and regeneration status was studied in eight selected homegardens of Jorhat and Golaghat districts of Upper Assam. In the studied homegardens, population density (individuals ha -1 ) of A. malaccensis was 1,443, 4,060 and 33,917 for trees (> 3.18 cm diameter at breast height = DBH), saplings and seedlings, respectively. This pattern of density distribution (seedlings > saplings > trees) indicates good regeneration status of the species in homegardens. On the other hand, out of the eight selected homegardens, seven showed good regeneration status, whereas, one showed fair regeneration status for the species. Seasonal survival rate of A. malaccensis saplings was significantly different among the eight selected homegardens during all the four seasons (each season of three months) of the year but that of seedlings and trees did not differ significantly. Average seasonal growth rate of A. malaccensis (in terms of collar diameter for seedlings and saplings, and DBH for trees) varied significantly among the eight selected homegardens as well as between the four seasons. The findings of the present study suggest that homegardens can save the species from the risk of extinction.
High Glucosylceramides and Low Anandamide Contribute to Sensory Loss and Pain in Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) causes chronic pain in two‐thirds of patients, in part originating from sensory neuropathies. The aim of the present study was to describe the phenotype of PD‐associated sensory neuropathy and to evaluate its associations with lipid allostasis, the latter motivated by recent genetic studies associating mutations of glucocerebrosidase with PD onset and severity. Glucocerebrosidase catalyzes the metabolism of glucosylceramides.