Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Students' Thinking Processes Connecting Quantities in Solving Covariation Mathematical Problems in High School Students of Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to describe students' thinking processes in relating quantities to the problem of covariation in the process of solving mathematical problems. This study used a descriptive exploratory approach within the scope of qualitative research involving 87 students as prospective subjects from three different high schools. The schools were chosen from three different areas; where two schools were on Sumbawa island namely in Bima district and Bima town. The subject described was chosen by giving assignments related to the covariation problem. Data obtained from the answer sheets from the subjects while doing think aloud, the results of task-based interviews, and field notes. Supporting equipment for video and audio recording was used to take data of think aloud and interview. Data analysis was conducted retrospectively by combining answer sheets, think aloud, interview results and field notes with reference to APOS theory. The results obtained from students' thinking processes in connecting the quantities of covariation were two, namely Connecting Quantity by direct analytic and equation analytic. In general, it was found that students connected quantities in covariation problem solving by linking changing-quantity along with the changes in other quantities internally or externally through mathematical analysis to form new quantities based on quantitative operations.
Mutational analysis of the human Xbp1 translational arrest peptide and construction of arrest-enhanced variants

Xbp1, a protein involved in the unfolded protein response, is a rare example of a mammalian protein that contains a well-defined translational arrest peptide (AP). In order to define the critical residues in the Xbp1u AP, and to search for variants with stronger arrest potency than the wildtype Xbp1u AP, we have carried out a full mutagenesis scan where each residue in the AP was replaced by the other 19 natural amino acids. We find that 10 of the 21 mutagenized positions are optimal already in the wildtype Xbp1 AP, while certain mutations in the remaining residues lead to a strong increase in the arrest potency. Xbp1 has thus evolved to induce an intermediate level of translational arrest, and versions with much stronger arrest efficiency exist. We further show Xbp1-induced translational arrest is reduced in response to increased tension in the nascent chain, making it possible to carry out studies in mammalian systems of cotranslational processes such as membrane protein assembly and protein folding by using suitable Xbp1 AP variants as “force sensors”, as has been done previously in E. coli using bacterial APs.
Comparative Evaluation of Porcelain Fused to Metal (PFM) Material used for Fixed Partial Prosthesis Placed on Vital & Non-vital Abutments on the Periodontal Status – A Two Year Retrospective Follow-up

Objective: Sound periodontal foundation of abutment teeth is essential for successful restorative therapy and also for long-term success of prosthodontic restorations. Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) has been a popular choice of novel esthetic material in fixed prosthodontics over the last few decades. The present study aimed to assess the long term effect and tissue responses of fixed partial prosthesis using PFM material on vital and nonvital abutments on the periodontal parameters both clinically and radiographically. Original Research Article Shetty et al.; JPRI, 32(22): 85-92, 2020; Article no.JPRI. 61143 86 Methodology: Following ethical committee approval, the study group comprised of 86 abutment teeth in 41 systemically healthy patients (24 males and 17 females) aged between 18 – 45 years who had received 3 unit fixed prosthesis made of PFM, having equigingival margins using vital and non-vital abutments. The following parameters were assessed at baseline, phase 1, 3 and 4 (1 year follow up) – CAL, Probing depth, Distance between CEJ/ cervical crown margin and alveolar crest of the abutment teeth (radiograph). Results: Statistical analysis carried out by SPSSV22 software revealed no significant changes in probing depth and CAL (p>0.05) and significant changes in radiographic bone levels (p<0.05) in vital abutments whereas significant changes in probing depth and CAL from baseline to the end of 2 years (p<0.05) with no changes in radiographic parameters (p>0.05) with non vital abutments. However, significant differences were observed between vital and non vital abutments with regard to probing depth at the end of 2years, CAL and radiographic bone levels at 6months, 1 year and 2 years (p<0.05) Conclusion: The response of the periodontal tissues to the PFM material used on fixed prosthesis on both vital and non vital abutment teeth although favorable, were marginally better in vital abutments.
A territorial scale-based model for Euroregions and its implications for Cross-Border Cooperation in maritime contexts

Aquest article preten avancar en el debat teoric sobre euroregions a traves de l’analisi de les seves estructures de governanca i de l’escala territorial de les seves activitats. L’argumentacio es desenvolupa amb un estudi de seixanta euroregions i d’un nombre corresponent de projectes Interreg seleccionats en investigacions anteriors (Dura et al., 2018). Primer, s’intenta elaborar un model euroregional per a la classificacio d’aquestes estructures de governanca transfronterera a traves d’una tipologia de classificacio d’activitats de cooperacio transfronterera a escala territorial, i a traves de l’analisi de la densitat institucional i dels nivells administratius de govern dels actors involucrats. Segon, les contribucions teoriques d’aquest article s’apliquen en el context de territoris separats per una frontera maritima. A partir de l’explotacio de resultats, l’article argumenta a favor d’activitats d’escala supralocal i regional al costat d’euroregions de tipus multinivell per a la cooperacio transfronterera en contextos maritims.
Goodness of fit checks for binomial N-mixture models

Binomial N-mixture models are commonly applied to analyze population survey data. By estimating detection probabilities, N-mixture models aim at extracting information about abundances in terms of actual and not just relative numbers. This separation of detection probability and abundance relies on parametric assumptions about the distribution of individuals among sites and of detections of individuals among repeat visits to sites. Current methods for checking assumptions are limited, and their computational complexity have hindered evaluations of their performances. We develop computationally efficient graphical goodness of fit checks and measures of overdispersion for binomial N-mixture models. These checks are illustrated in a case study, and evaluated in simulations under two scenarios. The two scenarios assume overdispersion in the abundance distribution via a negative binomial distribution or in the detection probability via a beta-binomial distribution. We evaluate the ability of the checks to detect lack of fit, and how lack of fit affects estimates of abundances. The simulations show that if the parametric assumptions are incorrect there can be severe biases in estimated abundances: negatively if there is overdispersion in abundance relative to the fitted model and positively if there is overdispersion in detection. Our goodness of fit checks performed well in detecting lack of fit when the abundance distribution is overdispersed, but struggled to detect lack of fit when detections were overdispersed. We show that the inability to detect lack of fit due to overdispersed detection is caused by a fundamental similarity between N-mixture models with beta-binomial detections and N-mixture models with negative binomial abundances. The strong biases in estimated abundances that can occur in the binomial N-mixture model when the distribution of individuals among sites, or the detection model, is mis-specified implies that checking goodness of fit is essential for sound inference in ecological studies that use these methods. To check the assumptions we provide computationally efficient goodness of fit checks that are available in an R-package nmixgof. However, even when a binomial N-mixture model appears to fit the data well, estimates are not robust in the presence of overdispersion unless additional information about detection is collected.
Is the Reliability of Objective Originality Scores Confounded by Elaboration?

ABSTRACT In recognition of the capability of text-mining models to quantify aspects of language use, some creativity researchers have adopted text-mining models as a mechanism to objectively and efficiently score the Originality of open-ended responses to verbal divergent thinking tasks. With the increasing use of text-mining models in divergent thinking research, concerns have been raised about how text-mining-based Originality estimates can be confounded by other dimensions of divergent thinking, especially Elaboration. Since automated Originality estimates can be influenced by varying amounts of Elaboration, or the number of words a participant uses in a response, some researchers question whether Originality scores are psychometrically valid or if the reliability of Originality scores is dependent on the variance in Elaboration. Using partial correlation procedures, we investigate whether Originality scores generated by a freely available text-mining system are significantly influenced by the amount of Elaboration a participant exhibits in their response to a divergent thinking task. Then, the reliability of Originality scores, before and after the variance accounted for by Elaboration is partialled out, are compared. Results from this brief analysis reveal that, when recent methodological recommendations for automatic Originality scoring are applied, Originality scores generated via the GloVe 840B text-mining system are not meaningfully confounded by Elaboration. We conclude that, even when the variance attributed to Elaboration is partialled out, this scoring method is capable of producing reliable Originality scores.
Taylor drop in a closed vertical pipe

Abstract In this work, we study the ascent dynamics of a liquid Taylor drop formed from a lock-exchange configuration in a closed vertical pipe. We focus on the buoyancy-driven motion of an elongated drop surrounded by a denser fluid when viscous forces dominate over inertial and surface tension effects. While gaseous Taylor bubbles have been studied extensively, a liquid Taylor drop moving in a closed pipe is less well understood. We formulate an analytical model for estimating the ascent speed and drop thickness from first principles. First, we use a lubrication approximation to solve for the velocity profiles in the two fluids. Then, we analyse the mechanical energy balance of the whole system, including the effect of viscous dissipation, to understand how the ascent speed and drop thickness scale with the viscosity ratio. We show that a drop with density ratio $\mathcal {R}$ reaches a stationary state with a uniform dimensionless thickness of $\sqrt {2}/{2}$ in the absence of dissipation and $\sqrt {2\mathcal {R}}/{2}$ in the dissipative regime. Through a comparison with existing experimental data, we demonstrate that our model correctly predicts the ascent speed of a Taylor drop if the material properties of the fluids and the geometry of the conduit are known. Our theoretical framework can be generalized to an isolated Taylor drop rising in a vertical pipe.
Chip‐based duplex real‐time PCR for water quality monitoring concerning Legionella pneumophila and Legionella spp.

Based on biomolecular methods, rapid and selective identification of human pathogenic water organisms becomes an important issue. Legionella spp. , are pathogenic water bacteria with worldwide significance. Prevalent detection methods for these microorganisms are time and/or cost intensive. We describe a detection setup and relating DNA assay. A miniaturized real‐time polymerase chain reaction (real‐time PCR) for direct on‐line discrimination of Legionella pneumophila and Legionella spp. was established and integrated into a real‐time PCR‐chip‐system. The PCR‐chip device combines a temperature controlling unit and a fluorescence intensity measurement. It was designed to achieve rapid amplification, using an approach of real‐time fluorescence read out with the intercalating dye EvaGreen® and melting curve analysis, without requiring multiple probes. The presented results exhibit reproducibility and good sensitivity, showing that the setup is suitable for robust, rapid and cost‐efficient detection and monitoring of a variety of Legionella spp.in urban water samples.
Proximity in marketing: An integrating theoretical framework and research agenda

Academics and practitioners increasingly focus on the concept of proximity, but the growing literature features a confusing diversity of approaches. This article offers a macro-analytical and conceptually unified vision of proximity. Based on an in-depth analysis of literature, this integrative synthesis offers a fourfold contribution: characterize and classify approaches to proximity, understand the place occupied by proximity in theoretical models in marketing, consider the managerial interest of proximity, and develop propositions for continued research into proximity topics.
AsynGraph

Recently, iterative graph algorithms are proposed to be handled by GPU-accelerated systems. However, in iterative graph processing, the parallelism of GPU is still underutilized by existing GPU-based solutions. In fact, because of the power-law property of the natural graphs, the paths between a small set of important vertices (e.g., high-degree vertices) play a more important role in iterative graph processing’s convergence speed. Based on this fact, for faster iterative graph processing on GPUs, this article develops a novel system, called AsynGraph, to maximize its data parallelism. It first proposes an efficient structure-aware asynchronous processing way. It enables the state propagations of most vertices to be effectively conducted on the GPUs in a concurrent way to get a higher GPU utilization ratio through efficiently handling the paths between the important vertices. Specifically, a graph sketch (consisting of the paths between the important vertices) is extracted from the original graph to serve as a fast bridge for most state propagations. Through efficiently processing this sketch more times within each round of graph processing, higher parallelism of GPU can be utilized to accelerate most state propagations. In addition, a forward-backward intra-path processing way is also adopted to asynchronously handle the vertices on each path, aiming to further boost propagations along paths and also ensure smaller data access cost. In comparison with existing GPU-based systems, i.e., Gunrock, Groute, Tigr, and DiGraph, AsynGraph can speed up iterative graph processing by 3.06–11.52, 2.47–5.40, 2.23–9.65, and 1.41–4.05 times, respectively.
Spillover of Drosophila suzukii between noncrop and crop areas: implications for pest management

Semi‐natural areas may promote Drosophila suzukii population dynamics by providing alternative host resources, overwintering habitats and refuge areas during cold, warm or dry periods, or when crops are sprayed with insecticides. In the present study, we investigated the spillover of D. suzukii between noncrop and crop areas using sweet cherry as a model crop. We sampled the pest at different heights and at different distances from the forest, from the the winter dormancy stage to the post‐harvest period. Drosophila suzukii activity‐density in the orchards declined strongly with increasing distance from the forest margin and with increasing height above the ground. The observed patterns varied over the crop phenological development stages, indicating that the pest used multiple habitats throughout the year. When the host plant was not suitable for reproduction, D. suzukii preferred to fly closer to the forest margin and at lower heights. When the host plant was suitable (i.e. ripe cherries), D. suzukii further colonized the orchards both horizontally and vertically, exploring the canopy volume more in depth. The results of the present study will contribute to the development of more effective and practical approaches for protecting fruit crops from D. suzukii and improving chemical, physical or mechanical control measures.
Tracing the Genetic Footprints of the Redbelly Yellowtail Fusilier, Caesio Cuning, Across Multiple Spatial and Evolutionary Scales

TRACING THE GENETIC FOOTPRINTS OF THE REDBELLY YELLOWTAIL FUSILIER, CAESIO CUNING, ACROSS MULTIPLE SPATIAL AND EVOLUTIONARY SCALES Amanda Susanne Ackiss Old Dominion University, 2017 Director: Dr. Kent E. Carpenter Overfishing is one of the most pervasive threats to coral reef ecosystems, and management of these multi-species resources is hampered by limited species-specific population level information. The reefs in the western tropical Pacific Ocean, including the Coral Triangle, are the most bio-diverse in the world. Home to more than 400 million people, this region contains some of the most threatened coral reef ecosystems. Presented here is the first comprehensive analysis of the genetic structure of Caesio cuning, planktivorous fish inhabiting reefs in the Coral Triangle and western Pacific Ocean. Data from both classical Sanger and nextgeneration sequencing were analyzed across multiple spatial scales to test hypotheses regarding the biogeography, ecology, and population connectivity of this important food fish. Across the Coral Triangle, mitochondrial DNA sequencing was used to examine broadscale genetic patterns from 33 locations. Results show the presence of two clades found on either side of the Sunda Shelf, a biogeographic pattern attributed to vicariant isolation during low sea level stands during the Pleistocene Epoch. No evidence for isolation-by-distance across the sampling region was found, however, within the clade associated with the Pacific Ocean, AMOVA and BARRIER analyses indicate significant genetic differences between central Indonesia and the Philippines relative to eastern Indonesia. Restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing data from five sites along the Kuroshio Current were used to examine fine-scale gene flow from the core to the northern limit of the species range. Results indicate that C. cuning in this region conform to the predictions of the central-peripheral population model described by Mayr (1963). Edge effects were found in peripheral populations including decreasing effective sample size, increased relatedness, and disjunct peripheral populations. Finally, since management of reef fish resources occurs at the country-level, RAD sequencing data from seven sites were used to examine fine-scale patterns of population structure within the Philippines. Results suggest that C. cuning from Palawan are genetically distinct from all other sites in the north, central, and eastern Philippines. Excluding Palawan, no isolation-by-distance was found despite significant genetic structure between many sites, indicating that gene flow within the Philippines is largely impacted by regional oceanographic features.
Breeding Season Space Use and Habitat Selection of Adult Female Scaled and Gambel's Quail in West Texas

We used radiotelemetry to investigate breeding-season (1 Apr–1 Sep, 2012 and 2013) home ranges and habitat selection of adult female scaled (Callipepla squamata) and Gambel’s quail (C. gambelii) in the eastern Chihuahuan Desert, Texas. Mean breeding-season home range (95% fixed kernel) for scaled quail was 145.02 6 23.56 ha (range1⁄4 22.03–538.24 ha) and 156.32 6 13.04 ha (range1⁄4 66.15– 270.74 ha) for Gambel’s quail. Mean core-use area (50% fixed kernel) for scaled quail was 31.38 6 4.80 ha (range1⁄4 4.03–111.36 ha) and 32.87 6 2.61 ha (range1⁄412.19–52.36) ha for Gambel’s quail. We found evidence of home-range overlap in neighboring females in both species. Excessive drought can suppress nesting activity. However, encourage reproductive activity in both species may be encouraged by managing riparian areas to provide adequate forage and microclimatic conditions. Citation: Temple, Jr., R. A. , L. A. Harveson, and R. S. Luna. 2017. Breeding season space use and habitat selection of adult female scaled and Gambel’s quail in West Texas. National Quail Symposium Proceedings 8:416–423.
Considerations for the Management of Women with Breast Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Outcomes in cancer patients are strongly influenced by timeliness and quality of multidisciplinary interventions. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to severe disruption in cancer care in many countries. This has necessitated several changes in clinical care and workflow, including resource allocation, team segregation and deferment of many elective procedures. Several international oncological societies have proposed guidelines for the care of patients afflicted with breast cancer during the pandemic with a view to optimize resource allocation and maximize risk versus benefit for the individual and society. Clinicians may utilize these recommendations to adapt patient care, based on the current availability of resources and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic in each region. This article discusses the guidelines for care of patients afflicted with breast cancer during the pandemic.
Structural Studies of Bacteriophage Lysins and their Implication in Human Diseases

Structural Studies of Bacteriophage Lysins and Their Implication in Human Diseases. (May 2011) Qingan Sun, B.S., Fudan University; M.S., Fudan University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. James C. Sacchettini Structural biology lays the molecular foundation for the modern field of life sciences. In this thesis, X-ray crystallography is the primary resource for atomic detail structural information and is the major technology employed in our research. Three examples show how structural biology addresses the basic processes of life. Firstly, two crystal structures of R, corresponding to two biological states, reveal a new activation mechanism of SAR(Signal-Anchor-Release)-endolysin, which not only complements the previous model, but is also more generally applicable to the endolysin family. It turned out that the SAR domain in R not only modulates the topology of the protein but also becomes an integral part of the active enzyme. This role is brand-new to the current knowledge on the SAR domain. The structural information was further corroborated by NMR(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) data in solution. The second example is the crystal structure of mycobacteriophage lysin B. Combined with further biochemistry and genetics study, it identified the function of the Lysin B in phage D29 as a novel mycolylarabinogalactan esterase. This finding tackles the long-standing question of how mycobacteriophage circumvent the mycolic acid-rich outer membrane of mycobacterium