Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus surface antigen among pregnant females attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary care hospital in North India

Background: Hepatitis B infection is one of the most common public health problems worldwide. Hepatitis B virus Surface Antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers may transmit the virus vertically to neonates transplacentally during pregnancy, perinatally during delivery or postnatally through breast milk. Such neonates being carriers of virus are at a very high risk of developing chronic liver diseases at a younger age and also, they act as reservoirs of infection in the community. Objective of the study is to evaluate the seroprevalence of HBsAg in pregnant females attending Antenatal Clinic. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was done from January to June 2019. A total of 840 pregnant females were included in the study who attended Antenatal Clinic for routine checkup whose blood samples were sent to Microbiology Laboratory for screening of HBsAg by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Out of 840 pregnant females included in the study, 8 were reactive to HBsAg, hence, prevalence was found to be 0.95%. The seroprevalence of HBsAg was found to be more (1.40%) in 26-35 year females. Maximum seropositivity was seen in females from urban areas (1.0%), those attending OPD of ANC (1.03%) and those who belonged to lower socio-economic class (1.02%). Conclusions: Routine free screening for HBV infection should be offered to all antenatal females to reduce the risk of vertical transmission to the neonates born to infected mothers, thereby, preventing them from becoming carriers and developing chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma later in life.
The Effects of Jargon on Processing Fluency, Self-Perceptions, and Scientific Engagement

In this experiment (N = 650), we integrate ideas from the literatures on metacognition and self-perception to explain why the use of jargon negatively affects engagement with science topics. We offer empirical evidence that the presence of jargon disrupts people’s ability to fluently process scientific information, even when definitions for the jargon terms are provided. We find that jargon use affects individuals’ social identification with the science community and, in turn, affects self-reports of scientific interest and perceived understanding. Taken together, this work advances our knowledge about the broad effects of metacognition and offers implications for how the language of science may influence nonexpert audiences’ engagement with complex topics in ways beyond comprehension.
THE BENEFITS OF REFLECTIVE PRACTICE USING SPEAKING TASKS IN TEACHING SPANISH FOR THE PROFESSIONALS

This mixed-method research study examines the speaking proficiency of Spanish learners with the Virtual Oral Interview Classroom-based Exam (VOICES), a free oral assessment tool for students and teachers, and the American Council Teaching Foreign Languages (ACTFL) Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) for assessing their oral ability. Students’ oral proficiency was assessed at the beginning and end of the semester via the OPI, and oral performance was assessed during the middle and at the end of the semester with VOICES. During the semester, learners practiced with structured and communicative output activities with the purpose of developing communicative competence. Using active learning as a pedagogical approach and reflective practice based on Schön’s principles (1987), Spanish instruction was focused on conscious awareness, scaffolding, autonomous and meaningful communication as a way to improve the performance of oral tasks. The study employs the convergent design (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2011) that entails the collection of qualitative and quantitative data sets to provide a better understanding of the best practices for teaching and assessing speaking. Participants in this study were 13 undergraduate students at a large public university in the Midwest of the United States and one instructor. They were enrolled in an intermediate Spanish conversation course designed for professionals. The use of active learning and reflective practice contributed positively to building a comfortable and engaging learning environment.
Advantage of Nebivolol Use Over Metoprolol in Patients with AcuteMyocardial Infarction Complicated by Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Objectives: The aim of the study was to do a comparative analysis of the composite outcomes of Nebivolol and Metoprolol therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Subjects and Methods: Patients (n = 192, aged 20 65 years) having AMI with LVEF ≤ 45% were randomized to Nebivolol (n = 96) and Metoprolol (n = 96) subgroups. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics and composite event rates of non-fatal MI, cardiovascular mortality, hospitalization due to unstable angina pectoris or heart failure during the 01-year follow-up were compared among the groups using the χ2 test. Results: A total of 17.7% (n = 17/96) patients were hospitalized in group A and 30.2% (n = 29/96) in group B (P = 0.042). Mortality was reported in 11.5% (n = 11/96) patients in group A and 22.9% (n = 22/96) in group B (P = 0.035). Conclusion: Rate of hospitalization and mortality during one-year follow up was significantly lesser in patients treated with Nebivolol as compared to those treated with maximum tolerable doses of Metoprolol.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH ARTHRITIS

ABSTRACT Objective: Patient counseling can scientifically improve the physical and mental symptoms of certain diseases that could be a relief to the patient. Non-pharmacological approaches could be an alternative to the drug therapy. Health issues affecting the quality of life (QoL) are to be studied to understand the patient’s physical, mental, emotional, and social functioning. Methods: The present study involves prospective analysis of QoL in men and women with arthritis. The methodology involves the collection and documentation of general information of the patient including personal history, family background, clinical findings, investigations, and medical illness associated with arthritis. Further, the QoL is documented using a specific questionnaire designed to assess the impact of arthritis and their complications. Results: It can be seen that there is no significant changes in the physical and mental component score (MCS) in between the type of arthritis, but there is an extremely significant (p<0.05) values were obtained when compared between pre- and post-counseling phases of physical and MCS. Conclusion: Patients counseling plays a major role in the management of signs and symptoms among patients with arthritis. The non-pharmacological method is also be used for the management of arthritis. Keywords: Quality of life, Arthritis, Patient counseling, Questionnaire, Physical component score, Mental component score.
THE EFFECT OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IMPLEMENTATION IN DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGY OF FAMILY COMPANY AND ITS EFFECT ON FIRM VALUE

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relation of GCG implementation and diversification strategy in the family company and its effect on the corporate value that is proxied with returns of corporate share (cumulative abnormal return - CAR). Methodology: This study used control variables which were size, age, and growth of the company. The hypothesis test was done by using multiple regression and an average T-test. The samples of this study were companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange that have fulfilled the characteristics of concentrated share ownership by one family. This formulated two-equation models i.e. Dependent variable for equation model I was diversification strategy and for equation model II was corporate value. Results: The result of this study shows that management compensation, independent commissioners, and managerial ownership positively affect, while the number of the audit committee and leverage ratio do not affect diversification strategy. The next testing result was a diversification strategy applied by the family company that positively affects corporate value. Implications: In order to conduct a controlling function, a company must plan the existence of good corporate governance (GCG) that organizes the relation and responsibility between many parties involved in the company, that a number of regulations, policies, and procedures. The implementation of GCG is expected able to guarantee the action of management in line with the interest of shareholders.
The impact of the abolishment of the professor’s privilege on European university-owned patents

ABSTRACT Intellectual property regimes governing university inventions were quite diverse in Europe at the end of the 1990s. Several European countries maintained the so-called professor’s privilege, an exception to employment law whereby university researchers were allowed to retain the ownership of academic inventions. The 2000s were characterised by convergence towards a more homogeneous system, in which university administrations took control of IP management. We investigate the impact of the reform and we observe a decline in the technological importance and the value of the patents owned and managed by universities in the countries abolishing the professor’s privilege. On the contrary, by differentiating the academic patents by type of ownership, we find that the technological importance of academic patents owned by companies has instead increased. Our study produces some new results that may alert policymakers to the possible unintended consequences of the university ownership model.
Characterization of Wind-Sea- and Swell-Induced Wave Energy along the Norwegian Coast

The necessity to reduce C O 2 emissions in combination with the rising energy demand worldwide makes the extensive use of renewable energy sources increasingly important. To that end, countries with long coastlines, such as Norway, can exploit ocean wave energy to produce large amounts of power. In order to facilitate these efforts as well as to provide quantitative data on the wave energy potential of a specific area, it is essential to analyze the weather and climatic conditions detecting any variabilities. The complex physical processes and the atmosphere-wave synergetic effects make the investigation of temporal variability of wave energy a challenging issue. This work aims to shed new light on potential wave energy mapping, presenting a spatio-temporal assessment of swell- and wind-sea-induced energy flux in the Nordic Seas with a focus on the Norwegian coastline using the NORA10 hindcast for the period 1958–2017 (59 years). The results indicate high spatial and seasonal variability of the wave energy flux along the coast. The maximum wave energy flux is observed during winter, while the minimum is observed during summer. The highest coastal wave energy flux is observed in the Norwegian Sea. The majority of areas with dominant swell conditions (i.e., in the Norwegian Sea) are characterized by the highest coastal wave energy flux. The maximum values of wave energy flux in the North Sea are denoted in its northern parts in the intersection with the Norwegian Sea. In contrast to the Norwegian Sea, areas located in the North Sea and the Barents Sea show that wind sea is contributing more than swell to the total wave energy flux.
Oscillatory brain dynamics of pronoun processing in native Spanish speakers and in late second language learners of Spanish

Abstract A longstanding question in the second language acquisition literature is whether late second language (L2) learners process grammatical structures in a native-like manner. Here, we use Time Frequency Representation (TFR) analysis to test morpho-syntactic processing of clitic pronouns in native and late L2 learners of Spanish. The TFR results show overall similar power decreases in theta, alpha, and beta frequencies in both groups. Critically, the observed oscillatory effects persisted in time for native Spanish speakers, but declined earlier for L2 learners. We discuss the results using cell-assembly theory models for language processing (e.g., Pulvermüller, 1999) that posit a biphasic time-course for neural assemblies consisting of an early ignition (recognition) and a later reverberation (re-processing) phase. We propose a working hypothesis for L2 processing in tune with a cell-assembly theory suggesting that the length of the reverberation phase could be a distinguishing feature between native and L2 processing.
The Effect of E-Verify Laws on Crime

E-Verify laws, which have been adopted by 23 states, require employers to verify whether new employees are eligible to legally work prior to employment. This study explores the impact of state E-Verify laws on crime. Using data from the 2004–2015 National Incident Based Reporting System, the authors find that the enactment of E-Verify is associated with a 7% reduction in property crime incidents involving Hispanic arrestees. This finding was strongest for universal E-Verify mandates that extend to private employers and its external validity bolstered by evidence from the Uniform Crime Reports. Supplemental analyses from the Current Population Survey suggest two mechanisms to explain this result: E-Verify-induced increases in the employment of low-skilled natives of Hispanic descent and out-migration of younger Hispanics. Findings show no evidence that arrests were displaced to nearby jurisdictions without E-Verify or that violent crime or arrests of African Americans were affected by E-Verify laws. The magnitudes of the estimates suggest that E-Verify laws averted $491 million in property crime costs to the United States.
Solitary Sternal Plasmacytoma: A Case Report And Current Review

A 74-year-old male presented with localised lower sternal discomfort. Initially investigated for ischaemic heart disease, the patient was finally diagnosed with a sternal tumour. He subsequently underwent primary surgical excision and histopathological findings were consistent with a solitary plasmacytoma. We discuss the difficulty in diagnosing solitary plasmacytomas, as they may be subtle presentations of multiple myeloma. Therapeutic challenges also exist with radiotherapy and surgery alone or in combination offering good results.
Event participation and advocacy: assessing the role of affective commitment and perceived benefits

ABSTRACT The authors attempted to explain why the generally accepted models built on social exchange theory do not sufficiently capture these supporting behaviors. The authors used two types of perceived benefits (personal and community) and examined their direct and interaction effects on event affective commitment and advocacy. Of approximately 23,000 registered attendees of a recurring community running event, 1,897 participated in a web-based survey. This study used 528 responses from residents who participated in a marathon running program. The authors emphasize the importance of reflecting on different types of relationships (exchange and communal relationships) in understanding supporting behaviors.
Studies on Certain Haematological Profiles in Normal Calving and Dystocia Affected Cross Breed Cows

110 VIII. ABSTRACT Blood samples were collected from 41 crossbred cows belonging to one of the three groups i.e. normal calving (eutocia) (n=13), maternal (n=8) and fetal dystocia (n=20) were used to investigate hematological and serum macro mineral contents. The hematological parameters including red blood cells count (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV); mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total leukocytic count (TLC), and differential leukocytic count, The results revealed that the values of RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, and MCHC did not vary significantly between normal calving cows as compared maternal or fetal dystocia cows. The MCH (pg) concentrations were significantly higher in normal calving cows than those cows with maternal dystocia and fetal dystocia. Total WBCs counts in normal calving cows than those cows with fetal dystocia and maternal dystocia were statistically not significant. Neutrophils counts were significantly lower in cows with fetal dystocia and in maternal dystocia as compared to normal calving cows. The lymphocyte counts were found to be significantly higher in were higher in cows with fetal dystocia and in maternal dystocia cows than normal calving cows. However, the eosinophils, monocyte and basophils counts did not vary significantly among normal calving, fetal and maternal dystocia cows. In the dystocia cows, the blood serum concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were significantly higher, while serum magnesium levels were not affected. It is concluded that hematological indices are not affected by stress of dystocia except for total WBC, neutrophils and lymphocytes counts.
Adaptation of plasticity to predicted climates in Australian rainbowfishes (Melanotaenia) across climatically defined bioregions

Resilience to environmental stressors due to climate warming is influenced by local adaptations, including the capacity for plastic responses. The recent literature has focussed on genomic signatures of climatic adaptation, however little work has been done to address how plastic capacity may be influenced by biogeographic history and evolutionary processes. Here, we investigate phenotypic plasticity as a target of climatic selection, hypothesising that lineages that evolved under warmer climate will exhibit greater plastic adaptive resilience to thermal stress. This was tested using common garden experiments to compare gene expression regulation within and among a temperate, a subtropical and a desert ecotype of Australian rainbowfish. Individuals from each ecotype were subjected to contemporary and projected summer thermal conditions for 2070, and their global patterns of gene expression were characterized using liver transcriptomes. Critical thermal maximums were also determined for each ecotype to assess thermal tolerance. A comparative phylogenetic expression variance and evolution model framework was used to assess plastic and evolved changes in gene expression. Similar changes in both the direction and the magnitude of expressed genes were found within ecotypes. Although most expressed genes were identified in all ecotypes, 532 genes were identified as candidates subject to ecotype-specific directional selection. Twenty-three of those genes showed signal of adaptive (i.e. genetic-based) plastic response to future increases in temperature. Network analyses demonstrated centrality of these genes in thermal response pathways, along with several highly conserved hub genes thought to be integral for heat stress responses. The greatest adaptive resilience to warming was shown by the subtropical ecotype, followed by the desert and temperate ecotypes. Our findings indicate that vulnerability to climate change will be highly influenced by biogeographic factors, and we stress the need for integrative assessments of climatic adaptive traits for accurate estimations of population and ecosystem responses.
Preference vote and intra-party competition in open list PR systems

Open list proportional representation (PR) systems require that candidates seek personal votes in order to be successful. This feature of the system is considered to lead to intense competition among co-partisans and, ultimately, to weak electoral and legislative parties, narrow public policies, localism, clientelism, and corruption. We examine the distribution of personal votes among candidates from the same party for seven elections to the Brazilian national chamber of deputies (1990–2014). These elections are widely seen as hyper-competitive, particularly among candidates from the same list. Yet, the patterns in the data are not compatible with such a view. We find that the level of overall competition is considerably lower than the absolute number of parties and candidates competing would suggest. More significantly, we find that the number of viable candidates within party lists is limited and that their votes are distributed in such a way that indicates a contained competition among co-partisans during the election. These findings add to recent work that builds a more nuanced view of ballot structure, competition, and personalism.
Estrés Académico y Trabajo de Grado en Licenciatura en Educación

The research had for objective determine the Impact of the Academic Stress during the Process of Realization of the Special Work of Degree in Students of Degree in Education. Academic stress was supported theoretically from the perspective of authors such as: Berrio y Mazo (2011), Castillo Pimienta et al. (2016), Mendez y Galvez (2018), Moran et al. (2018). Methodologically, a correlational investigation was carried out. The study sample consisted of 167 students. The Pearson correlation has a result of 0.061, which is in the very weak positive correlation range and a significance of 0.434, approaching 0.5, generating a positive confidence level. From the results obtained, the null hypothesis H0 is rejected. We found a statistically significant, moderate linear association (rP = -0.434, p <0.05), between academic stress and special grade work, with which, academic stress directly influences students during the process of carrying out special work of degree. The impact of academic stress has negatively influenced the population sample addressed, requiring extra efforts on the part of the students for the effective conclusion of the research work and to complete their training process in the university, being necessary to deepen in investigations that allow to explain with more attention the consequences of academic stress on the personality of students. It is necessary to recover the role played by the university in the promotion of new knowledge from research work, it being pertinent to consider research-centered planning as a key figure for the generation of a curriculum that addresses the importance of accompanying from the multiple complexities of student researchers during the research process.
The effects of pre-task planning on EFL learners’ oral performance in a 3D multi-user virtual environment

Abstract Prior research on pre-task planning examines its effects on the quality of second language (L2) learners’ planned output. Planning mitigates the cognitive overload placed upon L2 learners’ oral performance, thus improving language production. Despite the pedagogical benefits, studies on pre-task planning on L2 learners’ oral output are conducted mostly in a lab or class setting. Whether or not similar effects of pre-task planning can be evidenced in three-dimensional (3D) multi-user virtual environments (MUVEs), such as Second Life (SL), is still less explored. Hence, this study investigates whether pre-task planning could enhance the quality and quantity of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ task-oriented, voice-based outcomes in SL. Nine EFL learners worldwide participated in this 10-session virtual class. Data were collected through students’ oral presentations in performing real-life simulated tasks related to their home cultures and interests. Yuan and Ellis’s (2003) framework of T-units measures was adopted to analyze their linguistic performance measured by complexity and accuracy. Results indicated that EFL learners showed statistically significant improvement on grammatical complexity on the levels of syntactic complexity and variety (but not on lexical variety) and on linguistic accuracy across all measured levels (error-free clauses/T-units/verb forms). It is suggested that pre-task planning can be seeded in task-based instruction either in a classroom-based or 3D MUVE setting to optimize the quality of learners’ linguistic performance. Tasks that are real-world oriented and targeting learners’ cultural repertoires and world knowledge also positively impact their virtual learning experiences. These significant implications add new research and pedagogical dimensions to the field of computer-assisted language learning.