Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Side Effects of Insecticides on Beneficial Insects: A Practical Tool to Identify Organic Agroecosystems

In order to achieving sustainability, integrated pest management (IPM) represents a remarkable improvement over previous conventional approaches, so optimizing the effectiveness of the entomophagy activity of natural enemies of pests is a determining factor. IPM does not necessarily require the suppression of insecticides, but rather affects the need to reduce their dependence, by eliminating unnecessary applications. However, the correct integration of chemical and biological control is essential part of sustainable pest management, for which a correct interpretation of the impact of insecticide treatments, is required. In IPM agroecosystems a great proportion of non-target insects are mainly affected by sublethal dose/ concentration values. A sublethal dose/concentration defined as inducing no apparent mortality in the experimental population. The effects induced have been described affecting biology, physiology, or behavior of individuals or populations that survive to the exposure to a toxicant at lethal or sublethal dose/concentration. The set of behavioral modifications provides insects with an escape mechanism from the toxic effects of pesticides, which has been called behavioral resistance, as the first barrier or detoxification mechanism. For the correct integration of insecticide applications and biological control, the influence of the insecticide side effects on beneficial insects should be evaluated. Recent studies suggest that, as in both conventional olive / IPM orchards, these species frequently show behavioral resistance, while in organic crops, their populations lack it. There seems to be a close relationship between the application of insecticides and the development of behavioral resistant populations. This finding has suggested establishing a practical procedure based on the realization of small-scale field applications, to subsequently monitor beneficial insect reactions, useful for identifying ecological agroecosystems. The implications of the implementation of this new methodology are discussed.
Direct Determination of the Dynamic Elastic Modulus and Poisson's Ratio of Timoshenko Prisms and Rods

Direct Determination of the Dynamic Elastic Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio of Timoshenko Prisms and Rods Guadalupe Leon In this study, the exact solution of the Timoshenko beam vibration frequency equation under freefree boundary conditions was determined with an accurate shear shape factor. The exact solution was compared with a 3-D finite element calculation using ABAQUS program, and the difference between the exact solution and the 3-D FEM was within 0.15% for both the transverse and torsional modes. Furthermore, relationships between the resonance frequencies and Poisson’s ratio were proposed that can directly determine the elastic constants, unlike the equations provided by ASTM C215. The frequency ratio between the 1 bending mode and the 1 torsional mode, or the frequency ratio between the 1 bending mode and the 2 bending mode for any rectangular prism or rod can be directly estimated. Likewise, the bending and torsional modes can be used to determine the elastic constants of any rectangular prism or rod. The proposed equations were used to verify the elastic constants of a steel rod and prism with less than 0.36% error. The transverse and torsional frequencies of concrete, aluminum and steel rods were tested. Rectangular concrete beam specimens with three different mix designs were produced, and the transverse and torsional frequencies of these beams were tested. Results show that using the equations proposed in this study, the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of a Timoshenko prism and rod can be determined more directly than those obtained from ASTM C215 and with excellent accuracy.
TP53 Mutations and Outcome After Fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide (FC) or FC Plus Rituximab (FCR) in the CLL8 Trial of the GCLLSG.

Abstract 1267 Poster Board I-289 The international multicenter randomized CLL8 trial evaluated 1 st line treatment with FC or FCR in 817 CLL patients. Analysis of TP53 mutation status by a re-sequencing chip (Amplichip, Roche Molecular Systems) and confirmatory direct DNA sequencing were performed in a central reference laboratory. Samples were available for 628 (76.9%) patients and this cohort was representative of the full trial population regarding other baseline prognostic factors and demographics. Outcome was analyzed for subgroups defined by genetic parameters in univariate and multivariate analyses. The incidence of the TP53 mutations was 11.9% (71/628; 41 in FC arm, 30 in FCR arm). Forty-two of 51 patients (82.4%) with 17p deletion had a TP53 mutation. 5% of patients without 17p deletion (28/553) had a TP53 mutation. Patients with TP53 mutation showed lower complete response (CR) and overall response (OR) rates as compared to the group without TP53 mutation (6.9 vs. 36.4% and 62.1% vs. 95.3% (p Median progression free survival (PFS) was significantly shorter for patients with TP53 mutations (12.4 months vs. 45 months) (HR: 4.4 (3.29-5.87) p Patients with TP53 mutation showed a median OS of 39.3 months whereas median OS was not reached in all other patients (HR 6.01 (4.08-8.87) p Comparing OS separately for the treatment arms in the groups defined by presence or absence of TP53 mutation showed a slightly better outcome for the FCR arm for both subsets, although the comparison did not reach statistical significance (TP53 mutations HR: 0.64 (0.33-1.2) p=0.19; no TP53 mutation HR: 0.68 (0.43-1.2) p=0.09) (Fig. 1). Multivariate analysis was performed by Cox regression including age, stage, treatment arms, IGHV status, genomic aberrations and TP53 mutation. Regarding PFS (n=567), independent prognostic factors were 17p- (HR: 3.6; p In conclusion, 17p deletion and TP53 mutation remain powerful prognostic markers after 1 st line FC and FCR treatment in CLL. When considering the genetic profile and treatment in a multivariate model, FCR improves PFS and OS compared to FC in CLL. TP53 mutations are associated with poor response and survival independent of 17p deletion. Disclosures Zenz: Roche: Honoraria. Patten: Roche Molecular Systems: Employment. Truong: Roche Molecular Systems: Employment. Wu: Roche Molecular Systems: Employment. Fingerle-Rowson: Roche: Honoraria. Fischer: Roche: Travel reimbursment. Fink: Roche: Travel reimbursment. Jager: Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding. Bottcher: Roche: Research Funding. Kneba: Roche: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Wenger: Roche: Employment. Mendila: Roche: Employment. Hallek: Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding. Dohner: Roche: Research Funding. Stilgenbauer: Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding.
Assessing the Relationship between Critical Thinking and Self-Efficacy of Nursing Student

Introduction: Self-efficacy has a significant role to apply knowledge, scientific and professional skills. It is feasible to have more compatible and active students in both learning and their personal and social life via developing critical thinking and general self-efficacy. This study assesses the relationship between critical thinking and self-efficacy of nursing student. Methods: The present correlation study was conducted on all senior nursing students (N = 50) in 2013. Study instruments included demographics, standard California Critical Thinking Skills and Sherer general self-efficacy questionnaires. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 16 using descriptive statistics, Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficient tests. Results: Results revealed that there was positive and significant correlation between critical thinking and self-efficacy of nursing students (rs = 0.42, P = 0.002). Conclusions: According to the positive relationship between critical thinking and self- efficacy of nursing students, developing high level thinking skills as one of the most essential missions of higher education is a necessity to apply appropriate approaches which lead to thinking development.
The complete chloroplast genome of Primula helodoxa, a species endemic to China

Abstract Primula helodoxa Balf.f. is a species endemic to southeastern China distributed in Tengchong county of Yunnan Province. Here is the first time to report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of P. helodoxa. The complete chloroplast genome was 151,909 bp in length, containing a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83192 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 17,797 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) regions of 25,460 bp. There are 137 genes in total, 91 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 38 transfer RNA genes. The phylogenetic tree showed relative relationship of P. helodoxa and P. chrysochlora.
Autoencoder and Adversarial-Learning-Based Semisupervised Background Estimation for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection

Reliable detection of anomalies without any prior information is a critical yet challenging task in many applications, not least military and civilian fields. An intelligent anomaly detection system would use the material-specific spectral information in hyperspectral images (HSIs), thereby avoiding the loss of visually confusing objects. However, conventional hyperspectral anomaly detection methods are mainly achieved in an unsupervised way leading to limited performance due to lack of prior knowledge. In this article, we propose a novel autoencoder and adversarial-learning based semisupervised background estimation model (SBEM) that is trained only on the background spectral samples in order to accurately learn the background distribution. In particular, an unsupervised background searching method is firstly conducted on the original HSIs to search the background spectral samples. Our proposed SBEM consists of an encoder, a decoder, and a discriminator to thoroughly capture background distribution. Furthermore, jointly minimizing the reconstruction loss, spectral loss, and adversarial loss during training aids the model to learn the background distribution as required. Experiments on four real HSIs demonstrate that compared to the current state-of-the-art, the proposed framework yields higher detection capability and lower false alarm rate, which shows that it has a significant benefit in the tradeoff between detection accuracy and false alarm rate.
Caries dental en niños de 0-5 años del municipio de Andes, Colombia. Evaluación mediante el sistema internacional de detección y valoración de caries - icdas

La falta de informacion de la situacion de caries dental en la primera infancia en Andes, limita las acciones en el marco de la Alianza por un Futuro libre de Caries. Objetivo: establecer la situacion de caries dental de los ninos y ninas de 0 a 5 anos del Municipio de Andes, Colombia. Metodologia: fueron examinados 623 ninos y ninas para evaluar la presencia y severidad de las lesiones de caries, con base en criterios del Sistema Internacional para la deteccion y evaluacion de caries - icdas. Se calcularon las proporciones de experiencia y prevalencia de caries dental, y los indices cICDAS 5-6 opd y cICDAS 1-6 opd. Resultados: el 38,2% tenia experiencia de caries dental severa, cuando se incluyen las lesiones iniciales y moderadas de caries dental la experiencia fue 88,4%. Al ano de edad, el 4,9% tenia lesiones severas de caries dental, y a los 5 anos el 53,6% presento este tipo de lesiones. El indice cICDAS 5-6 opd fue 0,15±0,8 al ano de edad y 2,79±3,6 a los 5 anos; el valor del indicador aumenta a 1,97±2,9 y 9,61±4,6 respectivamente, cuando se incluyen lesiones iniciales y moderadas de caries dental, cICDAS 1-6 opd. Discusion: la enfermedad esta presente desde el primer ano en el 58,8%, el doble de lo reportado en el pais a esta edad (29,3%). Conclusion: los hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de disenar estrategias integrales para el control de la enfermedad, que involucren la salud bucal en politicas y programas de primera infancia. Palabras clave: caries dental, ICDAS, linea base, epidemiologia, salud bucal, dientes primarios
Providing Care for Children: How Service Providers Define and Apply “Care” in Contemporary South Australia

While a wide array of service providers and academic scholars apply the use of “care” in their work, the concept of “care” itself remains largely undefined. This has widespread implications for applied work with children and young people (CYP), particularly since institutions such as schools and non-governmental organisations are increasingly being expected to care for or about children. In this paper, we use thematic analysis to report on interviews with representatives from four service providers and organisations responsible for the care of children. In our analysis, we explore both how care is defined by these organisations, and the implications for practice when working with CYP.
CASA Prediction System over Dallas–Fort Worth Urban Network: Blending of Nowcasting and High-Resolution Numerical Weather Prediction Model

This study targeted improving Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere’s (CASA) 6-h lead time predictive ability by blending the radar-based nowcast with the NWP model over the Dallas–Fort Worth (DFW) urban radar network. This study also depicts the recent updates in CASA’s real-time reflectivity nowcast system by assessing nine precipitation cases over the DFW urban region. CASA’s nowcast framework displayed better primer outcomes than the WRF Model forecast for the lead time of 1 h and 30 min. After that time, the predictive ability of the nowcast framework began decreasing compared to the WRF Model. To broaden CASA’s predictive system lead time to 6 h, the WRF Model forecasts were blended with Dynamic and Adaptive Radar Tracking of Storms (DARTS) nowcast. The HRRR model analysis was used as initial and boundary conditions in the WRF Model. The high-resolution dual-pol radar observations were assimilated into the WRF Model through the 3DVAR data assimilation technique. Three kinds of blending strategies were used and the results were compared: 1) hyperbolic tangent curve (HTW), 2) critical success index (CSIW), and 3) salient cross dissolve (Sal CD). The sensitivity studies were conducted to decide desirable parameters in the blending techniques. The outcomes proved that blending enhanced the prediction skills. Also, the overall performance of blending relies on the accuracy of the WRF forecast. Even though blending results are mixed, the HTW-based technique performed better than the other two techniques.
Maternal and foetal outcome of eclampsia in a referral hospital

Background: Eclampsia is a life-threatening condition, common in developing countries with high fatality rate. It is a cause of maternal and foetal mortality and morbidity. The aim of the study is to determine the maternal and foetal outcome in Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. Methods: All cases of eclampsia were analysed from January 2012 to December 2014 from admission to discharge or death of the patient. Age, parity, antenatal care, interval between attack and admission, blood pressure on admission, gestational age and mode of delivery were taken into account. There were 135 cases of eclampsia out of 14572 deliveries. Only singleton pregnancies were analysed. Results: The incidence of antepartum eclampsia was 84.4%, intrapartum 3% and postpartum 12.5 %. 83% patients were primigravida, 33% less than 20 yrs,42% had no antenatal checkup and 45% had < 4 visits. Only 15% patients received magnesium sulphate before referral to the hospital. There were four maternal deaths and twenty-one perinatal deaths. Eleven patients needed ventilatory support, four developed pulmonary oedema, two patients had respiratory depression and three patients had renal failure. Conclusions: Hypertensive disease in pregnancy requires proper antenatal care, early recognition and referral, adequate treatment and timely delivery.
Knowledge on birth preparedness and complication readiness in Eastern Region of Nepal

Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) strategy encourage women to be informed of danger signs of obstetric complications and emergencies which will help them to recognize problem and reduce the delay on deciding to seek care, making the care-seeking process more efficient. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge regarding birth preparedness and complication readiness and its effect on the place of delivery. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from November to December, 2012. A total of 93 mothers who gave birth in the last 12 months preceding the survey in Jhorahat VDC of Morang district were interviewed. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test at 0.05 level of significance. Only 45.2% and more than half (58.1%) of the mothers spontaneously mentioned at least three components of BP/CR and three danger signs during pregnancy respectively. Education of mother was significantly associated with knowledge of BP/CR. More than half (58.1%) of the mothers had institutional delivery. Knowledge of BP/CR was associated with place of delivery. Literate mothers were more aware of BP/CR than illiterate. Thus, provision of information, education and communication targeting women, family and the general community on BP/CR are recommended. Key words: Place of delivery, knowledge of BP/CR, danger signs.
Evaluation of efficacy of whatsapp messenger application in medical research education

Background: There is lack of knowledge regarding research amongst medical students as it is not included in the present curriculum of MBBS. Hence authors have selected ‘Medical Research’ as a topic to evaluate the efficacy of WhatsApp messenger application as a teaching-learning tool. There is very limited research on impact of technological modalities like WhatsApp on education. Authors undertook this study to evaluate its efficacy as a tool to supplement medical research education and assess the perception of students about e-learning via WhatsApp messenger application. Methods: A prospective analytical interventional study was conducted after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. A self-designed comprehensive questionnaire was used to test the knowledge of medical students. A series of modules were sent and discussed on the WhatsApp study groups followed by assessment in change of the level of knowledge amongst the participants post intervention. Results: Applying the paired t-test, the scores of the study participants showed a statistically significant increase in the postintervention evaluation (Mean=10.13, Median=10, Range=0-21) as compared to the baseline knowledge regarding medical research as reflected in the pre intervention evaluation (Mean=6.76, Median=7, Range=0-16). Conclusions: Growing availability of economical and user friendly smart phones in every generation has promoted use of WhatsApp by teachers as well as students. WhatsApp has the potential to supplement academic learning and become a natural educational modality. Necessary precautions could be taken to minimize the drawbacks expressed by the students to make it a more enjoyable and acceptable tool for teaching and learning.
Production and Operational Study of a Local Product in Nigeria. Case Study; Xx Yogurt Company in Ota

The Nutritional value of yogurt cannot be overemphasized owing to its general acceptance in the world at large. The product focus for this study is yogurt. It is a local product that is produced by a medium scale company in Ota, Ado-Odo local government area, Ogun State, Nigeria. Their production procedure conforms to the set standards for yogurt production as approved by Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) and the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) in the country such as milk standardization, homogenization, pasteurization, fermentation, cooling, homogenization or smoothing, filling and storage. This research work was carried out for 90 days to study the production process of the xx yogurt, marketing strategy and the likely challenging face by the company. The system runs a very lager line plant layout, and carried out regular preventive maintenance to keep the plant running year-round in a bid to avoid unnecessary additional cost of operation owing to system breakdown as an inevitable eventuality that results from ill-maintenance practices. Their major market is within the Ota metropolis which is actually a great limitation on product visibility and patronage by more end-users. This evaluation study shows that yogurt production process can be stable and more profitable if better marketing strategy and good infrastructures facility can be employed for the production process.
When Equity Fails – An Appraisal of Revenue Sharing As the Last Resort

We study the trade-off venture capitalists encounter in a financing framework under moral hazard. The venture capitalist has the option to supply funds either within a revenue-sharing contract or via equity but faces a hidden effort problem. While projects with a low degree of moral hazard yield higher returns to the venture capitalist when financed by equity, revenue-sharing contracts become superior as moral hazard increases. At high moral hazard levels, revenue sharing becomes the sole financing option and hence can raise welfare. We apply our model in the context of initial coin offerings as a modern form of revenue sharing.
Pharmacological Cerebral Protection in Cardiac Surgery: An Update

Aim of review: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) remains a major issue in cardiovascular surgery, although advances have been made in anesthesia, surgery and neuroprotective measures. Pharmacological prevention and management of POCD has achieved some progress over the last one to two decades, yet no consensus or guideline being established.Method: The following key words in PubMed were searched: cerebral protection, brain protection, cardiac surgery, and postoperative cognitive decline, etc. Recent articles and literatures were searched and reviewed on the risk factors for POCD and the cerebral protective effects of pharmacological agents, in order to make a comprehensive review and offer an update.Recent findings: Risk factors for POCD reported in literatures include older age, male gender, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) use, cerebral embolization, pre-existing cognitive disturbance and genetic predisposition. The pharmacological agents with potential neuroprotective effects include volatile anesthetics, intravenous anesthetic agents, steroids, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists, nitric oxide carriers and some traditional Chinese herbal medicine such as gastrodin. Cerebral protection in current practice is achieved by a combination of different strategies including surgical (cerebral perfusion during CPB, aortic filter, carotid stents, avoidance of aortic atheroma) and nonsurgical measures (hypothermia, lumbar drain, management of mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, pre- and post-conditioning, and cerebral regional oxygenation monitoring, etc). Summary: Multiple factors are associated with the incidence of POCD. Numerous pharmacological agents have been found to have certain degree of neuroprotective effects. Large-scale, randomized, multicenter clinical trials will be needed for the integration of these agents into our clinical practice. Citation: Henry Liu, Rayhan Tariq, Geoffrey Liu, Ling Yu. Pharmacological cerebral protection in cardiac surgery: an update. J Anesth Perioper Med 2017; 4: 23-37. doi: 10.24015/JAPM.2017. 0004This is an open-access article, published by Evidence Based Communications (EBC). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format for any lawful purpose. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.