Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
δ18O and Mg/Ca Thermometry in Planktonic Foraminifera: A Multiproxy Approach Toward Tracing Coastal Upwelling Dynamics

Planktonic foraminifera δ18O and Mg/Ca ratios are widely considered as a powerful proxy to reconstruct past seawater‐column temperature. Due to the complex interpretation of planktonic foraminifera δ18O data in regard to past seawater temperatures, temperature determination based on the foraminifera shell Mg/Ca ratio is believed to be more accurate. Scarce Mg/Ca calibration data exists for coastal upwelling regions, resulting in incoherent results of past seawater reconstructions. The current study along the NW Iberia coastal upwelling system intends to define the best Mg/Ca temperature equation for the most representative species of this region (Neogloboquadrina incompta, Globigerina bulloides, and Globorotalia inflata). Seawater temperature from δ18O and Mg/Ca of these three planktonic foraminifera species was compared with the surface sediments alkenone derived SST and with the in situ temperatures measured at the depths where these foraminifera species currently live and calcify. The equations that better reflect each species calcification depth were selected as our regional equations for δ18O and Mg/Ca temperature reconstructions. The δ18O‐estimated temperatures for surface sediment specimens were comparable with in situ seawater‐column temperature measurements, whereas the Mg/Ca derived temperatures seem to underestimate in situ values, in special for G. bulloides from samples affected by stronger coastal upwelling. The G. bulloides δ18O and Mg/Ca estimated temperatures from samples located offshore, further from coastal upwelling influence, are comparable to surface sediment alkenone derived temperatures. Our study shows that in upwelling areas, regional calibration of planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca temperature equations is necessary for reliable interpretations of high‐resolution past temperature variability in these important environments.
A study of various determinates and incidence of low birth weight babies born in Umaid hospital, Jodhpur (Western Rajasthan)

Low birth weight is the term used to define infants who are born too small, and preterm birth is the term used to define infants who are born too soon. “Today’s big baby is tomorrow's healthy adult". Key note was given in international conference on "perinatal programming". Optimal size for a baby at birth is being discussed a lot. The optimal size of newborn baby was suggested by Millar et al. He Suggested 2500gms as a Limit between ABSTRACT
Use of Contraceptive Methods in Couple’s with Unplanned Pregnancies: A Population-Based Study among Iranian Population

According to common complications of unplanned pregnancies and the necessity of the attention to different factors leading to these types of pregnancies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of contraceptive methods in couple’s with unplanned pregnancies referred to health centers in Hamadan city, Iran. In a cross-sectional study conducted on pregnant women who referred to health centers in Hamadan city for using prenatal caring from March 2006 to March 2007.Nine hundred women with unintended pregnancy were randomly selected for this study. The study data were collected by a validated questionnaire including questions about demographic characteristics, pregnancy and also family planning methods used before pregnancy. Data Processing and statistical analysis were performed using SPSS /16.0. Among 900 women with unplanned pregnancy, 92.2% experienced unplanned pregnancy for the first time and once and twice a history of unintended pregnancy was observed in 7.2% and 0.6% of cases, respectively. Among those, 93.9% used contraceptive methods. Hormonal methods were main used methods for contraception in 38.1%, natural method was observed in 31.9% and periodic abstinence was the least used method (0.4%). The main reasons for using irregular methods included inadequate information, lack of motivation and fear of side effects. Meaningful associations were found between the variables of age, age of spouse, educational level, number of parity, and history of abortion and the use of contraceptive methods. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that maternal age, educational level of woman and her spouse, and also number of parity were main indicators of the use of contraception. According to high rate of unplanned pregnancy in our population, planning more training and consulting sessions for improving couple’s awareness about selection of the most appropriate family planning methods should be considered to reduce unintended pregnancy in our population.
Learning Nonnegative Factors From Tensor Data: Probabilistic Modeling and Inference Algorithm

Tensor canonical polyadic decomposition (CPD) with nonnegative factor matrices, which extracts useful latent information from multidimensional data, has found wide-spread applications in various big data analytic tasks. Currently, the implementation of most existing algorithms needs the knowledge of tensor rank. However, this information is practically unknown and difficult to acquire. To address this issue, a probabilistic approach is taken in this paper. Different from previous works, this paper firstly introduces a sparsity-promoting nonnegative Gaussian-gamma prior, based on which a novel probabilistic model for the CPD problem with nonnegative and continuous factors is established. This probabilistic model further enables the derivation of an efficient inference algorithm that accurately learns the nonnegative factors from the tensor data, along with an integrated feature of automatic rank determination. Numerical results using synthetic data and real-world applications are presented to show the remarkable performance of the proposed algorithm.
The Effect of Obesity on Functional Outcome After Total Knee Arthroplasty

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of obesity on functional outcome of TKA in terms of range of motion and knee society score. Methods: This is a prospective observational study. We included 350 consecutive patients in whom simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty was done due to knee osteoarthritis from April 2014 to June 2015 by a single surgeon in a single centre. Patients demographic data, weight, height, body mass index, preoperative range of motion and knee society score was taken from Pakistan National Joint Registry. Patients were divided into four groups according to BMI: (1) normal (2) overweight (3) obese and (4) severely obese. At 6 months, detailed assessment of the patients, which included range of motion and calculation of knee society score, was done. We evaluated the effect of obesity on functional outcome after TKR by comparing means and proportions of the outcome variables across these four groups. Results: At the follow-up after 6 months, we found similar improvement in range of motion and knee society scores in obese and non-obese patients. Conclusions: Obese patients should not be refrained from having TKA if indicated. The data reflects that after surgery, their mobility increases so they can reduce their weight as well as the chances of having associated morbidities.
Thermal properties of CsPbCl3 thin films across phase transitions

The local thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and volumetric heat capacity of cesium lead chloride perovskite thin films are mapped simultaneously and with highest spatial resolution by a scanning near-field thermal microscope. Both, the 3D phase (CsPbCl3) and the 0D phase (Cs4PbCl6) are investigated. For CsPbCl3 thin films the variation of the thermal properties across the phase transitions in the range from room-temperature to 65 °C are analyzed. While the thermal conductivity at room temperature is ultra-low, a significant increase of the thermal conductivity is found for the cubic phase of CsPbCl3 (T > 46 °C). While only slight variations in the thermal conductivity are detectable for transitions from the monoclinic to the orthorhombic to the tetragonal phase, thermal diffusivity and volumetric heat capacity measurements are extremely sensitive to the amount of heat involved in the respective transition. It is shown that upon transition to the cubic phase of CsPbCl3 thin films, the relative increase of the volumetric heat capacity is significantly higher than that of the thermal conductivity. Thus, the thermal diffusivity in the cubic phase becomes notably lower in comparison to that of the respective phase at room temperature. An increase of the volumetric heat capacity had been theoretically predicted earlier but could not be confirmed in previous experimental studies. The findings of our thermal analysis are of great general importance for fundamental material research and for the thermal design of thin-film devices based on CsPbCl3 perovskites.
Prognostic Indicators in Patients with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

INTRODUCTION: In 1983, Poser et al. proposed a new set of criteria for diagnosing MS that combined findings from the clinical examination and patient history with the results of MRI, CSF testing, and VEP (1-6) . Diagnostic criteria for clinically definite MS require documentation of two or more episodes of symptoms and two or more signs that reflect pathology in anatomically noncontiguous white matter tracts of the CNS (6) .
Risk factors related to the intervention with intravitreal anti-VEGF injection in patients with diabetic macular edema

factors for DME were: be retired (OR = 5.22, p-value0.05), had a personal history of diabetic retinopathy (OR = 20.27, p-value 0.006), and previous treatment with anti-VEGF (OR = 23.23, p-value 0.002). Conclusion : The results of the research showed that a diabetic patient with low visual acuity and presenting these three factors should be referred as soon as possible to the specialist, since he presents a risk of presenting DME with need for anti-VEGF IIV, with 91.17% of accuracy. This tool can serve as an adjunct to decision making, especially the nonretinologist, in order to refer individuals with EMD to early diagnosis and treatment, which may be crucial in preventing irreversible visual loss in these patients.
Investigating the effect of stairs on the bidirectional movement of pedestrians

Although bidirectional motion on stairs can be commonly observed for external stairs and in some transportation facilities, a study that aims to investigate pedestrians’ walking characteristics under such conditions has never been conducted. In this paper, we perform a controlled experiment to study the bidirectional stair motion with varying flow ratios. It is found that on average, ascending pedestrians walk slower than those descending independent of the flow ratio. At the same density, the average velocity is the smallest for the full bidirectional flow when compared with those in the descending and ascending ones, indicating that the full bidirectional flow is not a simple combination of unidirectional pedestrians. According to the individual time to collision, congestion level and crowd danger, the run when the flow ratio is 0.5 can be considered to be the most critical with a large number of fierce conflicts. Thus, a balanced ascending and descending flow situation should be intentionally avoided for stairs where the bidirectional motion may occur.
Routine care interventions with the parents of adult drug and alcohol users

Abstract Introduction and aims: To explore routine care interventions which enable parents to support the therapeutic effort of their adult child in drug and alcohol treatment. Design and methods: Inductive content analysis was used to analyze the experiences of 31 Greek addiction professionals who participated in focus groups. Findings: Professionals adopted various interventions which included (a) respond to parents quest for help, (b) involvement of the distant parent in treatment, (c) boundary setting, (d) facilitation of parent-child communication, and (e) support of parental changes. These interventions were perceived as necessary, both for motivating and sustaining the client’s change, and for alleviating the parents’ chronic grief and distress over their child’s addiction. Conclusion: Overall, addiction professionals perceived low intensity interventions, information giving, and non- judgmental informal interactions as catalysts for the parents involvement in addiction treatment.
Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Diastolic dysfunction in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus represents an earlier stage in the natural history of cardiomyopathy. This study was done to assess the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in recently diagnosed (<5yr) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Echocardiography and also to determine association of glycemic status (by HBA1c levels) with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). Methods: An observational descriptive study involving 100 diabetic patients, taken on first come first serve basis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. In all the subjects, other than routine investigations, HbA1c was estimated and echocardiography was done to evaluate LVDD. Results: Mean value of HbA1c in the study was 8.31+ 1.408 %. 63 out of 100 subjects had LVDD. There was significant positive correlation between HbA1c and LVDD (p value <0.001). As HbA1c increased, severity of LVDD increased. In this study, as BMI increased, HbA1c and LVDD increased & both findings were statistically significant (p value =0.001). Conclusion: Our study indicates that myocardial damage in patients with diabetes affects diastolic function before systolic function &higher HbA1C level is strongly associated with presence of LVDD. Patients should be advised strict control of diabetes in order to reduce the risk for developing LVDD which is a precursor for more advanced disease. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Diastolic dysfunction, BMI, HbA1c
Maize Chromosome Abnormalities and Breakage-Fusion-Bridge Cycles in Callus Cultures

The maize karyotype was first characterized by the observation of pachytene chromosomes. The somatic chromosomes were identified by C-banding and FISH with repetitive DNA sequences. C-banding was useful for the identification of chromosome abnormalities in callus cultures. In the present review, we focus on the involvement of heterochromatic knobs on the occurrence of chromosome abnormalities in callus cultures. In a previous work we detected anaphase bridges resulting from delayed chromatid separation at knob regions and typical bridges derived from dicentric chromatids in cultures. The analysis of altered chromosomes showed they were derived from a chromatid-type breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) showed signals of telomere sequences in the broken chromosome arm, thus giving evidence of de novo telomere formation on the broken chromosome end. Further observations of long- and short-term cultures have shown the presence of chromosome alterations derived from BFB cycles followed by chromosome healing. Additionally, the occurrence of unequal crossing over in a knob region was observed in callus culture. These results are of interest for studies on the mechanisms of chromosome alterations during evolution.
Physical activity and GPA: Results from a national sample of Black students

ABSTRACT Physical Activity is an important contributor to health, both physical and cognitive. The relationship between physical activity and educational outcomes has been explored in a variety of venues. Little research, however, has recently interrogated this subject longitudinally, and especially for a national sample of Black students. To address that gap, this paper employs data from the High School Longitudinal Study (HSLS), hierarchical regression modeling, and intersectionality theory to evaluate the relative impact of extracurricular activities, school attitudes, and the impact of demographics on the Personal Health and Physical Education Grade Point Average of over 1,000 Black high school students. The High School Longitudinal Study is a nationally representative, longitudinal study of ninth graders followed through their secondary and postsecondary years. Further, we examined the results separately for male and female students, in order to achieve a better understanding of physical activity and academic achievement from the female perspective. Our findings reinforce the importance of participating in sports and extracurricular activities in fostering positive educational outcomes for Black students, male and female, nationally. Finally, recommendations are offered to parents, community leaders, teachers, school administrators, and policy makers regarding implementation strategies to optimize the benefits of Physical Activity to Black adolescents.
Idelalisib in Combination With Rituximab or Bendamustine or Both in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-delta (PI3K&dgr;) signaling is critical for proliferation, survival, homing, and tissue retention of malignant B cells. Idelalisib, a selective oral inhibitor of PI3K&dgr;, has shown considerable single-agent activity in patients with heavily pretreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This study evaluated the safety and clinical activity of idelalisib in combination with bendamustine (IB) or rituximab (IR) or both (IBR) in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) CLL. Idelalisib was given continuously at 100 or 150 mg twice daily in combination with rituximab (375 mg/m2 weekly × 8 doses), bendamustine (70 or 90 mg/m2, days 1 and 2 every 4 weeks × 6 cycles) or BR (rituximab, 375 mg/m2 every 4 weeks and bendamustine, 70 mg/m2, days 1 and 2 every 4 weeks × 6 cycles). The primary endpoint was safety; secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR), and progression-free survival (PFS). Fifty-two patients (median age 64 years) with a median of 3 prior therapies were enrolled. ORR was 84.6% (89.5% IR group, 77.8% IB group, and 86.7% IBR group). The overall median PFS was 25.6 months, and median DOR was 26.6 months. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events (≥10% of patients) were pneumonia (19.2%), diarrhea (13.5%), and febrile neutropenia (17.3%). Idelalisib-based combination therapy with bendamustine and/or rituximab was highly active, resulting in durable tumor control in patients with heavily pretreated R/R CLL. However, its tolerability profile suggests that these regimens should be used cautiously in this patient population. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01088048.
Flood and fire affect the soil seed bank of riparian forest in the Pantanal wetland

Flood and fire can harm plants but they can have survival strategies, such as the seed bank. We aimed to determine the influence of fire and flood on the richness, abundance and diversity of the seed bank. Sampling was carried out in October/2013, year of prolonged drought, and October/2014, year of a heavy flood, in ten areas along the Paraguay River. The areas were selected in satellite images, five with old burn (2010, three years before sampling) and five with recent burn (2013, three months before sampling). In each area, we marked a 20 m long transect with ten 20 × 20 cm quadrats where we collected 5 cm deep topsoil samples, five with and five without litter. Seed bank richness and abundance were determined by seedling emergence. Old burn areas presented greater abundance than recent burn. The drier year presented greater abundance, richness and diversity than flood year. Removal of litter reduced the richness only in the wetter year. There was no difference in richness in the drier year. The removal of the litter did not affect the abundance and diversity. Interaction between fire and flood did not affect richness, abundance and diversity of the seed bank.
Biochemical and histopathological responses of Oreochromis niloticus and Cyprinus carpio to sub-lethal exposure of Ictacrune pesticide

Oreochromis niloticus and Cyprinus carpio were subjected to different concentrations (0.036-0.252 mg/l) and (0.0072-0.108 mg/l), respectively, of Ictacrunepesticide for 96 hours and the lethal concentration (LC50) values of Ictacrune pesticidefor the two studied fishes were 0.144 and 0.02662 mg/l Ictacrune, respectively, for 96 hours of exposure.The values of lipid, glucose, T. protein and albumin were significantly (P
Professional identity and the advanced nurse practitioner in primary care : a qualitative study

Abstract Background: Health professional roles are being adapted in response to increased demand and declining medical workforces, both in England and internationally. This is exemplified by advanced nurse practitioners (ANP) in primary care. However, evidence suggests ANP practice may lack acceptability and understanding, leading to underutilisation. Professional identity (how colleagues are perceived by themselves and others) may influence how professionals work together to utilise such roles. Previous research has explored ANP professional identity during transition and in isolation from workplace cultures. Less is known about relationships between professional identity and established ANP practice within primary healthcare teams, or how ANP practice is affected by workplace cultures. Wider societal level influences have not been fully explored. This study aimed to explore the relationship between professional identity and ANP practice in a context where ANP practice was established. Methods: The study consisted of a qualitative cross-sectional study which explored professional identity of ANPs on a sample of general practice websites. Then the relationship between professional identity and ANP practice was explored, in-depth, in an ethnographic study of two general practices in England. Findings: ANPs lacked visibility on general practice websites. Both studies found ANPs were framed within a traditional nursing identity. This impacted on ANP practice and has implications for how professionals and the wider public understand ANP roles. Individual characteristics and interactional relationships were central to acceptance and utilisation of ANPs within the workplace, but were limited by broader societal level understanding of professional identities. ANPs negotiated their place within the workforce by utilising established understanding of professional identity. Intra-professional tensions were identified between ANPs and nursing. Conclusions: Professional identity is a useful framework within which to develop contextual understanding of ANP practice. Primary healthcare team members utilised shared understanding of professional identity to shape ANP roles, which both supported and inhibited ANP utilisation.