Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Putting the Cycle Back into Business Cycle Analysis

Are business cycles mainly a response to persistent exogenous shocks, or do they instead reflect a strong endogenous mechanism which produces recurrent boom-bust phenomena? In this paper we present evidence in favor of the second interpretation and we highlight the set of key elements that influence our answer. The elements that tend to favor this type of interpretation of business cycles are (i) slightly extending the frequency window one associates with business cycle phenomena, (ii) allowing for strategic complementarities across agents that arise due to financial frictions, and (iii) allowing for a locally unstable steady state in estimation. (JEL E22, E24, E23, E44)
A Hidden-Process Model for Estimating Prespawn Mortality Using Carcass Survey Data

AbstractAfter returning to spawning areas, adult Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. often die without spawning successfully, which is commonly referred to as prespawn mortality. Prespawn mortality reduces reproductive success and can thereby hamper conservation, restoration, and reintroduction efforts. The primary source of information used to estimate prespawn mortality is collected through carcass surveys, but estimation can be difficult with these data due to imperfect detection and carcasses with unknown spawning status. To facilitate unbiased estimation of prespawn mortality and associated uncertainty, we developed a hidden-process mark–recovery model to estimate prespawn mortality rates from carcass survey data while accounting for imperfect detection and unknown spawning success. We then used the model to estimate prespawn mortality and identify potential associated factors for 3,352 adult spring Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha that were transported above Foster Dam on the South Santiam River (Willamet.
Fracture toughness investigations of Al6061-Graphite particulate composite using compact specimens

The objective of this research work is to study the fracture behavior of Al6061 with graphite particulate composite produced by the stir casting technique. For the study different composition of the particulate metal matrix composite used is Al6061 with 3, 6, 9, & 12% of graphite particles. Compact Tension (CT) specimens were utilized to determine fracture toughness for different compositions of Al6061-graphite particulate metal matrix composite. Specimens with different composition will be prepared for different crack length to width (a/w) ratios according to the ASTM E-399 standard testing procedure. The maximum fracture toughness was found for Al6061-9%Gr for a/w =0.45 and the value is 16.74 MPa ? m.
Response of Cut Rose Flowers to Relative Humidity and Recut During Postharvest Life

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of different originated (the same mother plants with different growers from different cities in Ethiopia) cut rose flowers to various relative humidity (RH) and recut (recut and non-recut). Three different experiments (E1, E2 and E3) using three RH (60, 75 and 90%) and three Ethiopian growing areas (Fleur, Liki and Longonot) with 10 replications were designed. Cut rose flowers from three growing area were recut to 5 cm and placed in 60, 75 and 90% RH as a commercial supply chain. Rose flowers without any recut were selected as control. Mean comparison in three experiments revealed that by increasing storage time in cold room, flower vase life significantly decreased. 75% RH produced the highest flower vase life compared to 60 and 90% RHs. However, mean comparisons showed that cut rose flowers originated from Liki growers significantly had the highest vase life compared to others which followed by Longonot and Fleur ones. The results revealed that 5 cm cut the end of flower stem significantly increased flower vase life compared to control. Mean comparison of bacterial populations in commercial supplies of the three experiments, declared the highest amount of bacteria in E1 than the other experiments. Cut rose flowers originated from Liki growers had the highest bacterial populations at the bottom part of the stem compared to the other growers. The results also showed that the end part of stems contain more bacterial agent compared to upper parts.
Multiple forms of stakeholder interaction in environmental management: business arguments regarding differences in stakeholder relationships

This study describes and interprets differences in stakeholder interaction as rhetorically constructed in environmental reports and in interviews with environmental managers. It also interprets the role of the natural environment among stakeholders, and discusses how that role is justified or not justified. The study focuses in a business perspective on stakeholder interaction in environmental management. Characteristically, stakeholder studies of environmental management have concentrated on stakeholder influence or the creation of stakeholder management models. In contrast to those, the present study identifies different types of stakeholder relationships: power-based, collaborative, conflicting, and one-sided. Through descriptions of those relationships, business actors participate in the power to define responsibility, share responsibility among actors, question environmental interest, and justify environmental impacts. The results of the study demonstrate that, when regarding environmental issues in business, instead of analysing single stakeholder attributes or a single stakeholder relationship, business professionals should be able to manage differences in stakeholder relationships. No universal stakeholder management tools can be created for this purpose, rather stakeholder interaction in environmental management requires analysis of the actors involved, the attributes of relationships, and the attributes of stakeholder interests and identification of differences in those. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Helminths of Ross' and Greater White-fronted Geese Wintering in South Texas, U.S.A.

Abstract Helminth community structure and pattern were assessed in 16 Ross' geese, Chen rossii, and 46 greater white-fronted geese, Anser albifrons, collected during winter 1999–2000 in Kleberg County, Texas, U.S.A. Helminths found in individual Ross' geese ranged from 1 to 6 species and from 1 to 95 individuals; infracommunities averaged 3.5 ± 0.3 (SE) species and 42.5 ± 7.7 individuals. Ten species were found in the Ross' goose component community, in which Amidostomum anseris, Epomidiostomum crami, Heterakis dispar, and Trichostrongylus tenuis were the most prevalent and numerically dominant. Helminths found in individual white-fronted geese ranged from 1 to 7 species and from 4 to 117 individuals; infracommunities averaged 4.2 ± 0.2 species and 28.9 ± 4.0 individuals. Sixteen species were found in the white-fronted goose component community. Epomidiostomum crami, Amidostomum spatulatum, and T. tenuis were the most prevalent and numerically dominant. In white-fronted geese, chi-square and analysis of variance comparisons were possible for A. anseris, A. spatulatum, E. crami, T. tenuis, and Drepanidotaenia sp. Prevalence was significantly higher in the juvenile sample than the adult sample for A. anseris and T. tenuis, whereas A. spatulatum was significantly lower in the juvenile sample. Prevalence of T. tenuis was significantly higher in males than females. Mean abundance of A. spatulatum was significantly higher in the adult sample than the juvenile sample, whereas T. tenuis was significantly higher in the juvenile sample. No significant differences in mean abundance were observed because of host sex. On the basis of percentage similarity and Jaccard's indices, component communities between juvenile and adult white-fronted geese were most similar, followed by male and female white-fronted geese, and juvenile Ross' and white-fronted geese. Relatively low species richness, preponderance and numerical dominance of direct life cycle nematodes, and absence of helminths in a number of habitats suggests that the mainly herbivorous diet of Ross' and white-fronted geese dramatically influenced helminth community structure and pattern on the wintering grounds.
THRESHOLD LAW FOR POSITRON IMPACT IONIZATION OF ATOMS

We demonstrate that recent experiments for positron impact ionization of He and H{sub 2} can be interpreted by extending Wannier theory to higher energies. Anharmonicities in the expansion of the three-particle potential around the Wannier configuration give rise to corrections in the threshold behavior of the breakup cross section. These corrections are taken into account perturbatively by employing the hidden crossing theory. The resulting threshold law is {sigma}(E){proportional_to}E{sup 2.640}exp[ -0.73{radical}(E)] . The actual energy range for which the Wannier law is valid is found to be smaller for positron impact ionization than for electron impact ionization. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Ethnic heterogeneity, ethnic and national identity, and social cohesion in England

This chapter investigates to what extent ethnic identity and national identity mediate the relationship between ethnic heterogeneity and social cohesion in England. Scholars argue that a shared superordinate national identity is necessary to foster trust, cooperation, and solidarity among diverse sub-groups in a society (Miller 1995; Reeskens and Wright, 2012). Some commentators assert that ethnic heterogeneity undermines the trust and solidarity necessary for cohesive societies (cf. Goodhart, 2013; Scheffer and Waters, 2011) because it reinforces separate ethnic (subordinate) identities rather than promotes a shared national (superordinate) identity. In line with such arguments, social identity theory suggests that ethnic heterogeneity can lead individuals to identify more strongly with other ethnic in-group members rather than with members of society more broadly, which could thereby restrict the development of a shared superordinate identity and therefore harm social cohesion. As such, besides the mechanisms discussed in Chapter 1, the strength of ethnic and national identities represents an additional mechanism that may explain the relationship between ethnic heterogeneity and social cohesion. Indeed, we argue that several of the previously discussed mechanisms could operate via the strength of ethnic and national identification.
The Effects of Tactile and Visual Deterrents on Honey Badger Predation of Beehives

As human and elephant populations grow in Kenya so does human-elephant conflict. One of the most substantial contributors to this conflict, the crop-raiding behavior of elephants (Loxodonta africana), is alleviated through the use of The Elephants and Bee Project's beehive fences. A threat to these beehives are the honey badgers (Mellivora capensis) who try to obtain honey, causing damage to the hive and the colony to abscond. The objective of this study was to improve the effectiveness of these beehive fences through identifying and testing novel honey badger deterrent methods. On-farm experiments in Taita Taveta County, Kenya were conducted to determine if visual and tactile deterrents could reduce the frequency and severity of honey badger hive predation of the hives compared to a previously used method. Prior to the start of the study, 77.1% percent of hives absconded within a week following a honey badger attack. After the addition of the novel deterrents (motion activated light deterrent, cone baffle, and hive cage deterrent), only 11.1% percent of the hives attacked by honey badgers absconded, suggesting the deterrents effectively reduced the amount of successful honey badger attacks. No relationship was found between deterrent type and amount of damage, nor for the duration and deterrent type. All deterrent methods effectively prevented honey badgers from raiding hives with variance in the success rates and economic feasibility. This project complemented the Elephants and Bee Project's ongoing research by providing much-needed insight into the role honey badger deterrents could play in preventing damage to the elephant deterring beehive fences. This research purposes deterrent recommendations based on cost effectiveness and ability to reduce honey badger raiding. These deterrents not only reduce honey badger hive raiding but also to improve human-honey badger coexistence as well as human-elephant coexistence.
Effects of Dramatized Depictions of Accidents on Grade School Children's Reception of Safety Guidelines.

A study examined a format for fear appeal messages that introduced a threat through one medium (i.e., a segment of dramatic television programming) and the recommended action through another medium (i.e., the verbal presentation of safety guidelines by an adult to a child). Subjects, 138 elementary school children from a middle-class elementary school in Madison, Wisconsin, were exposed to a videotape of a dramatized sequence depicting either fatal accidents or neutral events involving either fire or water. Their affective responses were assessed during exposure and immediately after viewing the videotape. They rated the likelihood that such an event would occur, the perceived severity of such events, and the degree to which they worried about such events. Next, they were taught safety guidelines appropriate to the subject matter of the event th*y had just watched. Finally, they gave ratings of how safe or dangerous it would be not to follow both fire and water safety guidelines and how important they thought it was to comply with them. Results indicated that children who watched dramatized accidents considered the relevant safety guidelines more important than children who watched neutral events on the same topic or neutral or threatening events involving unrelated activities. Perceived dangerousness of not complying was significantly affected by both the topic of the drama seen and whether or not subjects had seen a dramatized accident, but the interaction was not significant. In regression analyses, emotional arousal and the three cognitive responses predicted perceived importance of the guidelines differently for the different topics. There were no significant interactions between the cognitive responses. (Seven tables of data are included. Contains 26 references.) (RS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Long-term Specialization and Trade Flow Patterns of Heavy Industrial and Light Industrial Goods: A Comparative Analysis of Anglophone and Nordic countries

Recent studies focusing on the analysis of emissions embodied in trade have shown that high-income countries are increasingly becoming net importers of emissions. This is commonly explained by the economies’ changing trade specialization in heavy and light industrial goods. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and compare the trade specialization patterns of twelve Anglophone and Nordic countries between 1962 and 2016 by using two trade specialization indicators: the normalized trade balance and the revealed symmetric comparative advantage (RSCA) index. The results do not support the claim that the Anglophone or Nordic countries have increasingly specialized in the export of light industrial or the import of heavy industrial goods. Instead, it has rather been found that natural resources, such as wood or basic metals, have been very trade-determinant factors throughout the entire period. Overall, the results suggest that other reasons than a changing trade structure must be responsible for the increasing emissions embodied in imports.
H2
-He collisions: 
Ab initio
 theory meets cavity-enhanced spectra

Fully quantum ab initio calculations of the collision-induced shapes of two rovibrational ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ lines perturbed by He provide an unprecedented subpercent agreement with ultra-accurate cavity-enhanced measurements. This level of consistency between theory and experiment hinges on a highly accurate potential energy surface and a realistic treatment of the velocity changing and dephasing collisions. In addition to the fundamental importance, these results show that ab initio calculations can provide reference data for spectroscopic studies of planet atmospheres at the required accuracy level and can be used to populate spectroscopic line-by-line databases.
Influence of Self-Leadership Strategies on the Beliefs of General Self-Efficacy

The purpose of the present study was to examine the existence of the mediatory role of self-leadership strategies on the self-efficacy of people participating in physical activities, and individual differences in gender- and form of physical activity-related self-efficacy. One hundred and seventy-one undergraduate students from a Greek university participated. All participants participated in physical activities (competitive and recreational). They filled out validated Greek versions of the Revised Self-leadership Questionnaire (RSLQ) and General Self-Efficacy (GSE). Results revealed that self-leadership strategies (self-goal setting, self-reward, self-punishment and nature reward) predicted general self-efficacy, and they supported that gender affects general self-efficacy.
Inclusive low mass Drell-Yan production in the forward region at √ s = 7 TeV

This note presents the measurement of the Drell-Yan cross-section in dimuon final states for muons within pseudorapidities of 2 to 4.5, in the mass range 5 < Mμμ < 120 GeV/c 2. The muons are required to have a momentum larger than 10 GeV/c and a transverse momentum larger that 3 GeV/c. For masses above 40 GeV/c2 the transverse momentum needs to be larger than 15 GeV/c. The cross section is measured differentially, in mass, and in rapidity of the virtual photon (γ? ) in two distinct mass regions. The analysis uses the full dataset collected by the LHCb experiment during 2010 with an integrated luminosity of 37 pb−1. †Conference report prepared for the XX International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and related Subjects, 26. -30. March 1012, Bonn; contact authors: Jonathan Anderson, Katharina Müller
Poultry Litter as a Fertilizer for Bermudagrass : Effects on Yield and Quality

Utilizing poultry litter as a fertilizer for bermudagrass (Cyndon dactylon (L.) Pers. ) hay production may be an environmen­ tally desirable disposal method, especially if yield and quality of the hay is maintained. A study was conducted on a Wynnville fine sandy loam (fme-Ioamy, siliceous, thermic Glossic Fragiudult), near Snead, AL, to determine the impact of poultry litter on bermudagrass yield and quality. Treatments included three rates of poultry litter (5.6, 11.2, and 22.4 Mg ha-l), three rates of anunonium-nitrate (l12, 224, or 336 kg ha-l in a split application), and a control. Hay was har­ vested in six cuttings over a two-year period. At the highest rates, no significant difference between poultry litter and ammonium-nitrate was observed with respect to average forage quality (mean of six cuttings) and two-year total yield. When examined by cutting, forage yield and quality were equal or greater with poultry litter than am­ monium-nitrate at the first cutting each year, but were less at the second cutting. Apparent residual effects of poultry litter application resulted in increased yields and crude protein content in the second year of the study. It appears that fertilizing bermudagrass hay fields with poultry litter is an excellent sustainable agricultural practice. C. W. Wood and H. A. Torbert are affiliated with the Department of Agrono­ my and Soils, 202 Funchess Hall, Aubwn University, AL 36849-5412. D. P. Delaney is affiliated with the Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, District 1 Office, P.O. Box 1904, Decatur, AL 35602. Contribution of the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station. This research was supported by the TelU1essee Valley Authority and the USDA Southern Re­ gion Low Input Sustainable Agriculture Program. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Vol. 3(2) 1993 © 1993 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 22 JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Prophylactic Use of Micronised Progesterone in Prevention of Preterm Labuor

DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2018. 6.11. 44 Abstract: Preterm labor is defined as the presence of uterine contractions of sufficient frequency and intensity to effect progressive effacement and dilation of the cervix prior to term gestation. Preterm labour occurs in approximately 12% of pregnancies and is the leading cause of neonatal mortality. To assess the efficacy of micronized progesterone in prevention of preterm labor. To assess the incidence of preterm in terms of need of tocolysis. To know about period of gestation at which delivery occurs. To study the mean birth weight and perinatal outcome. To study the maternal complications. The present prospective study has been conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Kamlaraja Hospital, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior for a period of 1 year from September 2014 to October 2015. Result and conclusion: It is concluded from the present study that by using micronized progesterone in mothers with previous spontaneous preterm birth and bad obstetrics history we can reduce the incidence of preterm birth and prolong the period of gestation till term thus alleviating mental trauma to mother and reduces maternal morbidity.
Analysis of Interdependence Relationship Between Investment Decisions, Financing Decisions and Dividend Decisions on Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2010-2017

The study aims to analyze the interdependence relationship between investment decisions, financing decisions, and dividend decisions. The objects are the manufacturing companies continuously listing on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the period 20102017, selected using the purposive sampling technique. 30 companies were selected for analysis, with a total of 720 data observed. Secondary data is obtained from financial statements through documentation methods, and analyzed using the Two-Stage Least Square Analysis (2SLS) method. The results showed there is no interdependence relationship between investment decisions and financing decisions, no interdependence relationship between investment decisions and dividend decisions, and no interdependence relationship between financing decisions and dividend decisions.
Technology-Driven Unemployment

To examine the relationship between technological progress and unemployment, I study a model that features putty-clay production, directed technical change, and wage bargaining. The first goal of this project is to understand the forces that deliver a constant steady state unemployment rate in the presence of labor-saving technical change. Labor-saving technical change increases unemployment, which lowers wages and creates incentives for future investment in labor-using technologies. In the long run, this interaction generates a balanced growth path that is observationally equivalent to that of the standard neoclassical growth model, except that is also incorporates a positive steady state level of unemployment. The second goal is to understand the effects of technological breakthroughs that permanently lower the cost of creating new labor-saving technologies. Breakthroughs lead to faster growth in output per worker and wages, but also yield higher long-run unemployment and a lower labor share of income. Despite increasing the speed of technological progress, breakthroughs also slow economic growth in the short-run.