Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Speech-to-SQL: Towards Speech-driven SQL Query Generation From Natural Language Question

Speech-based inputs have been gaining significant momentum with the popularity of smartphones and tablets in our daily lives, since voice is the most easiest and efficient way for human-computer interaction. This paper works towards designing more effective speech-based interfaces to query the structured data in relational databases. We first identify a new task named Speech-to-SQL, which aims to understand the information conveyed by human speech and directly translate it into structured query language (SQL) statements. A naive solution to this problem can work in a cascaded manner, that is, an automatic speech recognition (ASR) component followed by a text-to-SQL component. However, it requires a high-quality ASR system and also suffers from the error compounding problem between the two components, resulting in limited performance. To handle these challenges, we further propose a novel end-to-end neural architecture named SpeechSQLNet to directly translate human speech into SQL queries without an external ASR step. SpeechSQLNet has the advantage of making full use of the rich linguistic information presented in speech. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to directly synthesize SQL based on arbitrary natural language questions, rather than a natural language-based version of SQL or its variants with a limited SQL grammar. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed problem and model, we further construct a dataset named SpeechQL, by piggybacking the widely-used text-to-SQL datasets. Extensive experimental evaluations on this dataset show that SpeechSQLNet can directly synthesize high-quality SQL queries from human speech, outperforming various competitive counterparts as well as the cascaded methods in terms of exact match accuracies.
Topological Hecke eigenforms

We study the eigenforms of the action of A. Baker’s Hecke operators on the holomorphic elliptic homology of various topological spaces. We prove a multiplicity one theorem (i.e., one-dimensionality of the space of these “topological Hecke eigenforms” for any given eigencharacter) for some classes of topological spaces, and we give examples of finite CW-complexes for which multiplicity one fails. We also develop some abstract “derived eigentheory” whose motivating examples arise from the failure of classical Hecke operators to commute with multiplication by various Eisenstein series. Part of this “derived eigentheory” is an identification of certain derived Hecke eigenforms as the obstructions to extending topological Hecke eigenforms from the top cell of a CW-complex to the rest of the CW-complex. Using these obstruction classes together with our multiplicity one theorem, we calculate the topological Hecke eigenforms explicitly, in terms of pairs of classical modular forms, on all 2-cell CW complexes obtained by coning off an element in πn(S) which stably has Adams-Novikov filtration 1.
Inexact accelerated proximal gradient method with line search and reduced complexity for affine-constrained and bilinear saddle-point structured convex problems

The goal of this paper is to reduce the total complexity of gradient-based methods for two classes of problems: affine-constrained composite convex optimization and bilinear saddle-point structured non-smooth convex optimization. Our technique is based on a double-loop inexact accelerated proximal gradient (APG) method for minimizing the summation of a non-smooth but proximable convex function and two smooth convex functions with different smoothness constants and computational costs. Compared to the standard APG method, the inexact APG method can reduce the total computation cost if one smooth component has higher computational cost but a smaller smoothness constant than the other. With this property, the inexact APG method can be applied to approximately solve the subproblems of a proximal augmented Lagrangian method for affine-constrained composite convex optimization and the smooth approximation for bilinear saddle-point structured non-smooth convex optimization, where the smooth function with a smaller smoothness constant has significantly higher computational cost. Thus it can reduce total complexity for finding an approximately optimal/stationary solution. This technique is similar to the gradient sliding technique in the literature. The difference is that our inexact APG method can efficiently stop the inner loop by using a computable condition based on a measure of stationarity violation, while the gradient sliding methods need to pre-specify the number of iterations for the inner loop. Numerical experiments demonstrate significantly higher efficiency of our methods over an optimal primal-dual first-order method and the gradient sliding methods.
Detailed Chemical Abundances for a Benchmark Sample of M Dwarfs from the APOGEE Survey

Individual chemical abundances for 14 elements (C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni) are derived for a sample of M dwarfs using high-resolution, near-infrared H-band spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV/Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey. The quantitative analysis included synthetic spectra computed with 1D LTE plane-parallel MARCS models using the APOGEE Data Release 17 line list to determine chemical abundances. The sample consists of 11 M dwarfs in binary systems with warmer FGK dwarf primaries and 10 measured interferometric angular diameters. To minimize atomic diffusion effects, [X/Fe] ratios are used to compare M dwarfs in binary systems and literature results for their warmer primary stars, indicating good agreement (<0.08 dex) for all studied elements. The mean abundance difference in primaries minus this work’s M dwarfs is −0.05 ± 0.03 dex. It indicates that M dwarfs in binary systems are a reliable way to calibrate empirical relationships. A comparison with abundance, effective temperature, and surface gravity results from the APOGEE Stellar Parameter and Chemical Abundances Pipeline (ASPCAP) Data Release 16 finds a systematic offset of [M/H], T eff, log g = +0.21 dex, −50 K, and 0.30 dex, respectively, although ASPCAP [X/Fe] ratios are generally consistent with this study. The metallicities of the M dwarfs cover the range of [Fe/H] = −0.9 to +0.4 and are used to investigate Galactic chemical evolution via trends of [X/Fe] as a function of [Fe/H]. The behavior of the various elemental abundances [X/Fe] versus [Fe/H] agrees well with the corresponding trends derived from warmer FGK dwarfs, demonstrating that the APOGEE spectra can be used to examine Galactic chemical evolution using large samples of selected M dwarfs.
Leveraging Team Expertise Location Awareness in Improving Team Improvisation: A Dynamic Knowledge Integration Perspective

Purpose The uncertainties in the market have led to an increasing number of uncertainties and unexpected situations in the work environment of organizations. Based on information processing theory, we investigate how teams can dynamically integrate the expertise of their members to better respond to an uncertain market environment. We propose an important team cognition: team expertise location awareness and point out its unique impact on knowledge integration and thus on improvisation capabilities. In addition, we argue that shared leadership facilitates the use of team recognition resources by teams. Methods This study adopts a multi-source design approach and collects data from an information technology (IT) company that provides apps of voice socialization and game for foreign markets in southern China. Our sample comprised 86 IT teams, and hierarchical regression and bootstrapping methods are also employed to test the hypotheses. Results This study reveals that (1) team’s expertise location awareness positively influences the team’s knowledge integration ability which in turn enhances the team’s improvisational ability; (2) team’s knowledge integration mediates the effect of team’s expertise location awareness and team’s improvisational ability; (3) shared leadership moderated this above mediation effect. Conclusion In this paper, we introduce information processing theory into team improvisation research to understand why some teams can effectively utilize and integrate their members’ knowledge and information and further contribute to effective team improvisation. These results’ theoretical and practical implications for team expertise location awareness, team knowledge integration, shared leadership, and team improvisation are discussed.
The Clinical Impact of pT3a Lesions in Patients With pT3b Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy.

CONTEXT. — Seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) by prostate cancer (pT3b disease) has been considered as a key prognostic factor. OBJECTIVE. — To assess the clinical impact of T3a lesions (ie, extraprostatic extension other than bladder neck invasion [BNI] or SVI [EPE], microscopic bladder neck invasion [mBNI]) in pT3b disease. DESIGN. — We compared radical prostatectomy findings and long-term oncologic outcomes in 248 patients with pT3b disease, with versus without EPE/mBNI. RESULTS. — Extraprostatic extension/mBNI was found in 219 (88.3%)/48 (19.4%) cases, respectively. Extraprostatic extension was significantly associated with higher preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, higher rates of positive surgical margin (pSM) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and larger tumor volume. Similarly, mBNI was significantly associated with higher PSA level, higher rates of Grade Group(s) 4-5 or 5, pSM, LVI, and pN1, and larger tumor volume. Significant differences in all of these clinicopathologic features (except lymph node metastasis) between EPE-/mBNI+ or EPE+/mBNI- and EPE+/mBNI+ cases were also observed. Outcome analysis revealed that patients with EPE (P < .001) or mBNI (P < .001) had a significantly higher risk of disease progression than respective controls. Notably, there were significant differences in progression-free survival between EPE-/mBNI+ or EPE+/mBNI- cases and EPE-/mBNI- (P = .001) or EPE+/mBNI+ (P < .001) cases. In multivariate analysis, EPE (hazard ratio [HR] = 6.53, P = .009) and mBNI (HR = 2.33, P = .003), as well as EPE-/mBNI+ or EPE+/mBNI- (HR = 11.7, P = .01) and EPE+/mBNI+ (HR = 25.9, P = .002) (versus EPE-/mBNI-), showed significance for progression. CONCLUSIONS. — From these significant findings, we propose a novel pT3b subclassification: pT3b1 (SVI alone without EPE or mBNI), pT3b2 (SVI with either EPE or mBNI), and pT3b3 (SVI with both EPE and mBNI).
Use of tenofovir diphosphate levels to predict viremia during the postpartum period in women living with HIV: a nested case-control study.

BACKGROUND There are few data on the utility of tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots to predict future viral load (VL) in postpartum women with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study within a trial of postpartum ART delivery strategies. Participants started ART containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in pregnancy, were <10 weeks postpartum and had a VL <400 copies/mL. VL and TFV-DP samples were taken 3-6 monthly over 24 months. Cases had >1 VL >20 copies/mL; controls were randomly sampled from women with persistent viral suppression (VS; VL <20 copies/mL). Generalized estimating equations were used to calculate likelihood odds ratios (LORs) for future VL >20 copies/mL by TFV-DP concentration at the preceding visit. RESULTS Sixty-one cases and 20 controls contributed 365 DBS-VL pairs (median ART duration 16 months). Sensitivity and specificity of TFV-DP <700 fmol/punch to detect future viremia were 62.9% (95% CI, 54.7%-70.6%) and 89.7% [95% CI, 84.9%-93.4%], respectively. Adjusting for age, ART duration, previous VL and duration between the TFV-DP and VL measures, LORs of viremia for TFV-DP concentrations 350-699 and <350 fmol/punch versus TFV-DP >1850 fmol/punch were 3.5 (95% CI, 1.1-10.8; P=0.033) and 12.9 (95% CI, 3.6-46.6; P<0.0001), respectively. Including only samples taken during VS, the LOR of future viremia for TFV-DP concentration <350 fmol/punch versus TFV-DP >1850 fmol/punch was 9.5 (95% CI, 1.9-47.0). CONCLUSIONS TFV-DP concentrations in DBS were strongly associated with future viremia and appear useful to identify non-adherence and predict future elevated VL.
COMBED: Rapid non‐invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring Baseline assessment in adult Emergency Department patients with haemodynamic instability

The application of rapid, non‐operator‐dependent, non‐invasive cardiac output monitoring (COM) may provide early physiological information in ED patients with haemodynamic instability (HI). Our primary objective was to assess the feasibility of measuring pre‐intervention (baseline) cardiac index (CI) and associated haemodynamic parameters.
Factors affecting the differentiation of the apgar score and the biochemical correlation of fetal well-being - A prospective observational clinical study.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to identify the features of both the labor and the assisting physicians when evaluating the newborn according to the Apgar score and how these correlate with the biochemical markers of fetal well-being in order to make the Apgar score more objective. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective observational clinical study conducted in a 3rd reference level center between 1st April 2014 and 31st March 2015. The study enrolled 17 neonatologists and 1527 term newborns. RESULTS The Apgar score is highest after natural vaginal delivery, lower after instrumental labor (p <0.001). The pH of the umbilical cord blood and lactate concentration correlate better with a high score than with a lowered one. The young age of a physician does not reduce Apgar score reliability. There were no differences in Apgar assessment according to physicians' training and the time of labor. There were no correlations between abnormalities in postnatal central nervous system ultrasound and the Apgar score. CONCLUSION Biochemical tests of umbilical cord blood significantly increase the Apgar score reliability.
Language development as a mechanism linking socioeconomic status to executive functioning development in preschool.

Childhood socioeconomic status (SES) is related to disparities in the development of both language and executive functioning (EF) skills. Emerging evidence suggests that language development may precede and provide necessary scaffolding for EF development in early childhood. The present preregistered study investigates how these skills co-develop longitudinally in early childhood and whether language development explains the relationship between SES and EF development. A socioeconomically diverse sample of 305 children completed repeated assessments of language (sentence comprehension) and EF (cognitive flexibility, behavioral inhibition, and cognitive inhibition) at four waves spaced 9 months apart from ages 3-5 years. Bivariate latent curve models with structured residuals were estimated to disaggregate between-person and within-person components of stability and change. Results revealed bidirectional relationships between language and EF across all waves. However, at 3 years, language comprehension more strongly predicted EF than the reverse; yet by 5 years, the bidirectional effects across domains did not significantly differ. Children from higher-SES backgrounds exhibited higher initial language and EF skills than children from lower-SES families, though SES was not associated with either rate of growth. Finally, early language mediated the association between SES and early EF skills, and this model outperformed a reverse direction mediation. Together, results suggest that EF development is driven by early language development, and that SES disparities in EF are explained, at least in part, by early differences in language comprehension. These findings have implications for early interventions to support children's language skills as a potential pathway to improving early EF development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Cerebellar Signals Drive Motor Adjustments and Visual Perceptual Changes during Forward and Backward Adaptation of Reactive Saccades.

Saccadic adaptation ($SA$) is a cerebellar-dependent learning of motor commands ($MC$), which aims at preserving saccade accuracy. Since $SA$ alters visual localization during fixation and even more so across saccades, it could also involve changes of target and/or saccade visuospatial representations, the latter ($CDv$) resulting from a motor-to-visual transformation (forward dynamics model) of the corollary discharge of the $MC$. In the present study, we investigated if, in addition to its established role in adaptive adjustment of $MC$, the cerebellum could contribute to the adaptation-associated perceptual changes. Transfer of backward and forward adaptation to spatial perceptual performance (during ocular fixation and trans-saccadically) was assessed in eight cerebellar patients and eight healthy volunteers. In healthy participants, both types of $SA$ altered $MC$ as well as internal representations of the saccade target and of the saccadic eye displacement. In patients, adaptation-related adjustments of $MC$ and adaptation transfer to localization were strongly reduced relative to healthy participants, unraveling abnormal adaptation-related changes of target and $CDv$. Importantly, the estimated changes of $CDv$ were totally abolished following forward session but mainly preserved in backward session, suggesting that an internal model ensuring trans-saccadic localization could be located in the adaptation-related cerebellar networks or in downstream networks, respectively.
Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by clozapine induces preadipocyte differentiation and contributes to endothelial dysfunction

Background: The superior therapeutic benefit of clozapine is often associated with metabolic disruptions as obesity, insulin resistance, tachycardia, higher blood pressure, and even hypertension. Aims: These adverse vascular/ metabolic events under clozapine are similar to those caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and clozapine shows structural similarity to well-known ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Therefore, we speculated that the side effects caused by clozapine might rely on AhR signaling. Methods: We examined clozapine-induced AhR activation by luciferase reporter assays in hepatoma HepG2 cells and we proved upregulation of the prototypical AhR target gene Cyp1A1 by realtime-PCR (RT-PCR) analysis and enzyme activity. Next we studied the physiological role of AhR in clozapine’s effects on human preadipocyte differentiation and on vasodilatation by myography in wild-type and AhR-/- mice. Results: In contrast to other antipsychotic drugs (APDs), clozapine triggered AhR activation and Cyp1A1 expression in HepG2 cells and adipocytes. Clozapine induced adipogenesis via AhR signaling. After PGF2α-induced constriction of mouse aortic rings, clozapine strongly reduced the maximal vasorelaxation under acetylcholine in rings from wild-type mice, but only slightly in rings from AhR-/- mice. The reduction was also prevented by pretreatment with the AhR antagonist CH-223191. Conclusion: Identification of clozapine as a ligand for the AhR opens new perspectives to explain common clozapine therapy-associated adverse effects at the molecular level.
Lottery-Based Incentives and COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in the US.

Lottery-Based Incentives and COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in the US On May 12, 2021, Ohio announced a lottery system incentivizing residents to receive COVID-19 vaccinations1; several US states subsequently introduced similar programs.2 Although analysis of vaccination rates from Ohio suggested that lotterybased incentives were not associated with increased vaccination rates,3 responses to lottery programs across other states are unclear. In this study, we assessed changes in COVID-19 vaccination rates across US states with lottery-based vaccine incentives.
Maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in the NICE birth cohort: an assessment of self-selection bias

Abstract Background Prospective birth cohorts are essential for identifying associations between exposures and outcomes. However, voluntary participation introduces a potential bias due to self selection since the persons that chose to participate may differ in background characteristics and behaviors. Objectives To investigate potential bias due to self-selection in the N utritional impact on I mmunological maturation during C hildhood in relation to the E nvironment (NICE) birth cohort in northern Sweden. Methods Women in the NICE birth cohort (N = 621) were compared to nonparticipating pregnant women in Norrbotten County in northern Sweden who were eligible for participation (N = 4976) regarding maternal characteristics and lifestyle. Maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the groups and associations between exposures (smoking, folic acid, BMI, parity, education) and pregnancy outcomes (birth weight and gestational age) were analyzed by linear regression analyses, examining any interaction with the group. Results NICE participants were more highly educated, older and more likely to cohabit than the non-participants. They more often took folic acid and multivitamin supplements and less often smoked during early pregnancy. Pregnancy outcomes (mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery, birth weight and APGAR score) did, however, not differ significantly between participants and non-participants. Smoking, BMI, education and parity affected gestational age and birth weight, but the associations were of similar magnitude in participants and non-participants, with no significant effect on the group. Conclusion Self-selection to the NICE study was evident in some factors related to lifestyle and socioeconomic characteristics but did not appear to skew pregnancy outcomes or alter well-known effects of certain lifestyle parameters on pregnancy outcomes.
Dynamic Expression and Chromatin Incorporation of ACT and CREM Transcription Factors in Testis Tissues of Infertile Men

Objective Activator of CREM in the testis (ACT) is a tissue specific transcription factor which activates cAMP responsive element modulator (CREM), a key transcription factor in differentiation of round spermatids into mature spermatozoa. They bind to CRE region in the promoters of transition protein genes (TNP1, TNP2) and protamine genes (PRM1 and PRM2), which are essential for sperm chromatin compaction, and regulates their transcription. This study was conducted to consider the expression of ACT and CREM and their regulatory roles on the expression of PRM1, PRM2, TNP1 and TNP2 genes in testis tissues of infertile men. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, testicular biopsies were collected from 40 infertile men and classified into three groups: obstructive azoospermia (OA, n=10, positive control), round spermatid maturation arrest (SMA, n=20), Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS, n=10, negative control group). Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the expression profile of ACT, CREM, TNP1, TNP2, PRM1 and PRM2 genes were assessed in testicular samples and incorporation of ACT and CREM proteins on the promoters of PRM1, PRM2, TNP1 and TNP2 genes were also evaluated by ChIP-real time PCR. Results Our results demonstrated significant decrease in the expression levels of ACT, CREM and in their incorporations on their target genes in SMA group in comparison to control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion These data confirm that there is low expression and incorporation of ACT and CREM and of their target genes in infertilities which are associated with post-meiotic arrest.