Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of the spectral induced polarization method to microbial enhanced oil recovery processes

ABSTRACTThe demand for more efficient and economic oil recovery techniques has driven research into novel extraction approaches, including microbial enhanced methods. Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is an underutilized technology that could significantly enhance tertiary oil recovery. Previous research has shown the spectral induced polarization (SIP) method to be sensitive to microbial degradation of hydrocarbons, so the method should therefore be sensitive to MEOR treatments. To test this hypothesis, heavy-oil-containing sands were monitored for a period of approximately six months while undergoing MEOR treatment. SIP monitoring showed significant sensitivity to biodegradation induced changes. Increases in phase and imaginary conductivity, with a polarization peak centered on approximately 3–8 Hz, were observed for the two MEOR active columns. Similarly, the normalized chargeability, an integrated parameter of a Debye decomposition analysis of the spectra, showed a linear increase in time. Chroma.
On the Anomalies in ULF Magnetic Field Variations Prior to the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake

There have been reported several papers on the ionospheric F region perturbations prior to the 2008 Sichuan earthquake (EQ) (magnitude 8.0), but it seems that very few reports have been published on the characteristics of ground-based ULF (ultra low frequency) magnetic field variations for this EQ. This paper deals with two different aspects of ground-based ULF magnetic field variations: 1) ULF radiation from the lithosphere, and 2) depression of ULF horizontal magnetic field as a signature of lower ionospheric perturbations. ULF data from two Chinese stations [Chengdu (epicentral distance, 80 km) and Xichang (about 300 km away from the EQ epicenter)] are analyzed, with paying attention to the local nighttime period (LT = 22 h to 02 h, UTC = 14 h to 18 h) in order to avoid man-made noise. We have analyzed powers of the horizontal component (H2), vertical component (Z2), polarization as their ratio (Z2/H2), depression of the horizontal component (as an inverse of horizontal magnetic field component power, 1/H2) and δDep as a variation of depression at a particular frequency of 0.01 - 0.02 Hz (10 - 20 mHz). It is then found that there seems no clear signature of lithospheric ULF radiation. Whilst, the most evident fact is the finding of depression of ULF horizontal magnetic field at Chengdu a few days before the Sichuan EQ, which suggests that the lower ionosphere was perturbed before the EQ. The characteristics of the lower ionospheric perturbations are compared with those of upper ionospheric perturbations reported before.
Modeling sensitivities of thermally and hydraulically driven ice stream surge cycling

Abstract. Modeling ice sheet instabilities is a numerical challenge of potentially high real-world relevance. Yet, differentiating between the impacts of model physics, numerical implementation choices, and numerical errors is not straightforward. Here, we use an idealized North American geometry and climate representation (similarly to the HEINO (Heinrich Event INtercOmparison) experiments – Calov et al., 2010) to examine the process and numerical sensitivity of ice stream surge cycling in ice flow models. Through sensitivity tests, we identify some numerical requirements for a more robust model configuration for such contexts. To partly address model-specific dependencies, we use both the Glacial Systems Model (GSM) and the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). We show that modeled surge characteristics are resolution dependent, though they converge (decreased differences between resolutions) at finer horizontal grid resolutions. Discrepancies between fine and coarse horizontal grid resolutions can be reduced by incorporating sliding at sub-freezing temperatures. The inclusion of basal hydrology increases the ice volume lost during surges, whereas the dampening of basal-temperature changes due to a bed thermal model leads to a decrease.
A Novel AMSS-FFN for Underwater Multisource Localization Using Artificial Lateral Line

The lateral line organs of fish present a promising idea for achieving near-field target awareness. Inspired by the localization of targets by fish, a neural network approach to localize underwater vibration sources is a feasible technical approach. However, previous methods using neural networks are relatively simple, and the robustness of the model is weak. Moreover, the previous studies only focused on single-source localization problems, which were inconsistent with the reality of multiple vibration sources in underwater environments. To address these issues, we develop an artificial lateral system with integrated pressure sensors for acquiring pressure transform signals from underwater multisource vibrations. A novel attention mechanism-based multisensing multisource feature fusion network (AMSS-FFN) is proposed to exploit the information of data fully. Specifically, to reflect the superiority of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for extracting image features, we transform the 1-D signal into a 2-D grayscale image and a time–frequency image processed by Stockwell transformer. Furthermore, a hybrid attention mechanism that learns channel and location information is introduced, allowing globally important features to be represented. Finally, we use a dynamic learning strategy to fuse features in the time and time–frequency domains. The effectiveness of the method is verified using a laboratory-measured dataset. The results indicate that the prediction accuracy of the proposed method is significantly improved.
Chronic pain evaluation in breast cancer patients using the Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS): a single center cross-sectional retrospective study

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in India, and the number of survivors has increased over the last few years. Pain is one of the most common symptoms during cancer treatment due to either the disease itself or adverse effects of treatment. The available data suggests that breast cancer patients have a high prevalence of neuropathic pain. Patients and methods: A cross sectional observational study was done at the Department of Radiation Oncology, between November 2021 to June 2022. The patients were admitted and screened for participation, non-metastatic post operative breast cancer on regular follow up for 2 years after their last chemotherapy or radiotherapy and not having any chronic neuropathy disease and the Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) pain scale was used to assess the neuropathy pain status of patients. Patients’ demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy were collected and the comparison of the pain score between the patients was analysed. Results: Total of 149 patients were included in the study. S-LANSS score was calculated in the study population and more than 61% of participants reported a score equal or greater than 12, suggesting a predominant neuropathic pain component. Autonomic dysfunction, thermal pain, and allodynia were more prevalent in patients who underwent mastectomies compared to breast-conserving surgery. Whereas the dysesthesia and autonomic dysfunction score was higher in only the anthracycline group. Conclusions: The most important index for quality of life in cancer patients is the presence of persistent chronic pain and it is important to classify it accordingly in order to provide the best management. Using the S-LANSS score, the pattern of neuropathic pain can be determined early which leads to early intervention.
The Geology of the British Virgin Islands

The geological structure of the British Virgin Islands correlates them indisputably with the Greater and not with the Lesser Antilles. The latter are composed essentially of Tertiary volcanic rocks of andesitic or basaltic type, with or without development of sedimentary strata which, when present, only dip at gentle angles and never show the violent effects of such dynamic forces as have been responsible for the folding and “up-ending” of the strata in the Virgin Islands. The tremendous depth of the channel separating the British Virgin Islands from the Lesser Antilles lias been ascribed to faulting, probably initiated in Pliocene times. The work of Cleve (1), Hill (4), Vaughan (5), and others (6) in the American Virgin Islands, Porto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, Haiti, and Jamaica, indicates that the British Virgin Islands form geologically only the eastern termination of that main group of islands and have been subjected to the same earth movements as them. The evidence for attributing a Cretaceous age to the sedimentary series has already been referred to. With regard to the age of the folding and igneous intrusion, Vaughan considers that the folding took place between upper Eocene and middle Oligoccne times, and that the intrusion of the diorites took place at approximately the same date. (7) Wythe Cooke considers that the igneous basal complex in the Dominican Republic certainly dates from Cretaceous time, but that part is probably older. He also considers that the stresses that folded and sheared these rocks were probably active during Eocene time or earlier, and that the intrusion of the great masses of dioritic rocks probably occurred before the deposition of the Eocene sediments. According to Hill (4), however, “in mid-Tertiary times granitoid intrusions were pushed upward into the sediments of the Greater Antilles, the Caribbean, Costa Eican, and Panamic regions. ” Frazer, on the other hand (8), considered the nuclear axis of Cuba and San Domingo, and possibly of all the Caribbean islands, to be Archaean, a view upheld also by Dr. W. Bergt. (9) There is no doubt that the key to these problems lies in the larger islands of the Greater Antilles, for it is only there that unaltered fossiliferous sediments occur and can be studied in relation to the igneous intrusion and metamorphism. There appears, however, to the writer to be nothing either in the geological or faunal evidence necessarily indicating previous land connexion at any time between the Virgin Islands and the Lesser Antilles, ahd on this matter it is hoped to furnish further evidence at a later date.
Harnessing AI and Machine Learning for Intrusion Detection in Cyber Security

: The study helps to investigate the performance of ML and AI to detect IDS using different segments. The first segment helps to inform the project aim, objective, and issues in a comprehensive way. The second segment helps to inform the background of the study, different critical factors, and theoretical factors effectively. The third segment helps to inform all the methods that have been chosen to implement the project. The result segment illustrated different themes related to the topic and the last segment provided different information that can be implemented in the future to facilitate the work.
Asleep at the Wheel? The Risk of Sudden Price Adjustments for Climate Risk

A large number of studies has failed to date to identify a robust and economically significant climate risk premium or climate beta, either at the aggregate or at the sectoral level. The author examines several explanations of why this may be the case, and finds that a mispricing of climate risk is the most likely explanation. If this is true, price adjustments will eventually occur, either in a gradual or in an abrupt way. This is a novel source of risk, which should be on the radar screen of long-term investors. Three key takeaways:
Bioenergy options for woody feedstock: are trees killed by mountain pine beetle in British Columbia a viable bioenergy resource?

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Microresonator Effective Thermal Parameters Definition via Thermal Modes Decomposition

High-Q optical microresonators are particularly efficient practical tools of modern applied optics and photonics. Using them, one inevitably faces the problem of thermal effects. Accurate determination of effective thermal parameters of high-Q microresonators (effective thermal relaxation rate and optical absorption rate) is of particular importance for developing microresonator-based devices. Our investigation looks into diverse methodologies to estimate these effective parameters for such systems, ultimately revealing a divergence between the commonly employed simplified model, the direct numerical approach, and classical analytical formulas. We introduce a novel approach to calculate effective parameters based on the decomposition of the thermal field into microresonator thermal modes, which inherently considers the intricate geometry and material anisotropy inherent in microresonators, as well as the influence of external conditions. The method for the accurate determination of the effective thermal parameters of the microresonator for corresponding thermal modes is developed. As a result of applying this method, we modified the classical approach for the simulation of thermal effects in optical microresonators for better agreement with the numerical simulations. By accounting for the complexities of microresonator shapes, material properties, and external factors, our proposed method contributes to a more accurate understanding of thermal dynamics and enhances the predictive capabilities of simulations for these systems. We demonstrated the application of this method on the example of integrated microring resonators, but it can be used to analyze thermal effects in other microresonator platforms.
Human TIMP1 Is a Growth Factor That Improves Oocyte Developmental Competence

Oocyte developmental competence is the ability of a mature oocyte to be fertilized and subsequently support embryonic development. Such competence is gained during folliculogenesis and is facilitated by the bidirectional communication into a compacted cumulus–oocyte complex (COC). Human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP1) participates in biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of TIMP1 as a growth factor on the in vitro maturation (IVM) culture of bovine COCs to improve oocyte developmental competence. All TIMP1 treatments (50, 100, and 150 ng/mL) favored the COCs’ compaction structure (p < 0.05). TIMP1 at 150 ng/mL produced more oocytes in metaphase II compared to the other treatments (p < 0.05). The 150 ng/mL TIMP1 generated oocytes with the most (p < 0.05) cortical granules below the plasma membrane (pattern I). In a parthenogenesis assay, oocyte IVM in 50 ng/mL of TIMP1 produced the most blastocyst compared to the other treatments (p < 0.05). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that 50 ng/mL of TIMP1 was the best condition to develop oocyte competence because it was associated with the COC compact and cortical granule pattern I. TIMP1 influences the development of oocyte competence when added to the IVM culture medium of COCs.
Growth in a traditional society: The French countryside, 1450-1815

As even the most casual observer of the British historical scene must know, the 'agricultural revolution' has proved both elusive and highly contentious. French 'immobilism', on the other hand, has become something of a commonplace, although explanations for this supposed failure are less consensual. Philip Hoffman's very welcome new book has two overriding merits. Firstly, it challenges just about every facile assumption about the structure and performance of the agricultural sector under the French ancien régime. Secondly, this re-examination is based on a large body of data, much of it new, handled with great technical skill. At the heart of the book lies a painstaking analysis of the leases issued by the Cathedral of Nôtre-Dame, from 1450 to the Revolution; these are naturally concentrated around the capital. Hoffman has also made a detailed study of eleven villages scattered across France, while employing printed literature on agriculture, livres de raison, and an extensive range of price and wage series. This ingenious mix of sources allows him to tackle problems from several different angles, often combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. In addition he makes a praiseworthy attempt to allow for regional variations, which indeed take on an important role in his broader discussion. It is also pleasant to record that amidst his repeated tilts at conventional wisdom Hoffman maintains an urbane and courteous tone; when he criticizes other historians, there is no sense that he hopes to make a reputation across their dead bodies. Indeed, he is often at pains to show how his findings can be made to concur with those of others, some of whose claims or methods he disputes.
Updating Rainfall IDF Relationships to Maintain Urban Drainage Design Standards

The hydrologic design standards for urban drainage systems are commonly based on the frequency of occurrence of heavy rainfall events. Observations of recent climate history indicate that the frequency of occurrence of heavy rainfall events is increasing. This increasing trend will likely continue in the future due to global warming. In this study, extending from previous analysis results for Chicago, the rainfall intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relationships were determined to represent the climate conditions of the first and second halves of the last century. Using these IDF relationships, the impact of the observed increase in heavy rainfall events on the design and performance of urban drainage systems were quantified. This quantification demonstrated the need for updating rainfall IDF relationships to reflect changing climate conditions. In the design of new and retrofitting or replacement of old urban drainage systems, up to date IDF relationships need to be used to maintain design standards.
Growth processes of an inland Antarctic ice wedge, Mesa Range, northern Victoria Land

Abstract During the 16th Italian Antarctic Expedition (2000/01) a geomorphological survey of permafrost-related polygons was carried out in the Mesa Range area, upper Rennick Glacier. The investigated site is located in the uppermost reaches of Pain Mesa, which forms the northern sector of the Mesa Range. An ice wedge was found in a volcanic regolith at about 2200ma.s. l. This altitude is below a well-defined erosional trimline, located at about 2380ma.s. l. in this sector of Pain Mesa. The ice was sampled by inserting an ice screw, with an internal diameter of 14 mm, into the ice wedge in vertical sequences. Oriented block samples for thin sections were taken. A co-isotopic study was performed, measuring both oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δD) isotope compositions. Tritium activity was measured, and major cations and anions were determined. The δ18O and δD obtained showed a strong divergence from the snowfalls expected to occur at this elevation, with extremely negative d excess values. Sublimation processes were taken into account to define the origin of the ice forming the wedge. The tritium data obtained suggest that the growth process of the ice wedge might still be active today.
The behavior of extreme cold air outbreaks under greenhouse warming

Climate model output is used to analyze the behavior of extreme cold‐air outbreaks (CAOs) under recent and future climatic conditions. The study uses daily output from seven GCMs run under late‐twentieth century and projected twenty‐first century radiative conditions (SRES A1B greenhouse gas emission scenario). We define a CAO as an occurrence of two or more consecutive days during which the local mean daily surface air temperature is at least two standard deviations below the local wintertime mean temperature. In agreement with observations, the models generally simulate modern CAOs most frequently over western North America and Europe and least commonly over the Arctic. These favored regions for CAOs are located downstream from preferred locations of atmospheric blocking. Future projections indicate that CAOs—defined with respect to late‐twentieth century climatic conditions—will decline in frequency by 50 to 100% in most of the Northern Hemisphere during the twenty‐first century. Certain regions, however, show relatively small changes and others actually experience more CAOs in the future, due to atmospheric circulation changes and internal variability that counter the thermodynamic tendency from greenhouse forcing. These areas generally experience greater near‐surface wind flow from the north or the continent during the twenty‐first century and/or are especially prone to atmospheric blocking events. Simulated reductions in CAOs are smallest in western North America, the North Atlantic, and in southern regions of Europe and Asia. The Eurasian pattern is driven by a strong tendency for the models to produce sea‐level pressure (SLP) increases in the vicinity of the Mediterranean Sea (intermodel mean of 3 hPa), causing greater advection of continental air from northern and central Asia, while the muted change over western North America is due to enhanced ridging along the west coast and the increased frequency of blocking events. The North Atlantic response is consistent with a slowdown of the thermohaline circulation, which either damps the warming regionally or results in a cooler mean climate in the vicinity of Greenland. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society.
On the origin of the 100-kyr cycles in the astronomical forcing

[1] Investigations during the last 25 years have demonstrated that the astronomically related 19-, 23-, and 41-kyr quasiperiodicities actually occur in long records of the Quaternary climate. However, the same investigations also identified the largest climatic cycle as being about 100 kyr long. As the 100-kyr variations in standing insolation due to eccentricity change are too small, they cannot be the direct cause of the ice ages. This is the reason why most of the modeling studies attempting to explain the relation between the astronomical forcing and climatic change have focused on this 100-kyr cycle. In this paper, we will show the astronomical origin of the periods at about 100 kyr that characterize the long-term variations of eccentricity, of its first derivative, of the frequency modulation of obliquity, and of the inclination of the Earth's orbit on the invariable plane of reference. Five independent values are found between 95 and 107 kyr, and a wavelet signature is suggested to test the possible relationships between the astronomical and climatic variables. Proxy records from deep-sea cores and European Programme for Ice Coring in Antarctica ice core and modeling results from the Louvain-la-Neuve two-dimensional model are used for illustration.