Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk behaviors for relative energy deficiency in sport in young high-performance Brazilian rhythmic gymnasts

Introduction: Rhythmic gymnastics is an aesthetic sport, whose rules encourage long line and lean biotype, exposing gymnasts to the risk of relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S). Objective: To analyze risk behaviors for RED-S in high-performance Brazilian gymnasts from pre-infant, infant and juvenile categories, with national and international prominence. Methods: 36 Brazilian athletes (10 pre-infant, 9 infant and 17 juveniles) were evaluated for body composition, sexual maturation and risk of eating disorders. The investigation of training volume, menstrual cycles, monitoring of bone mineral density and laboratory tests, occurrence of stress fracture, specialized nutritional monitoring and consumption of food supplements, was carried out through a questionnaire adapted by Ackerman. Results: The gymnasts had a weekly training volume of 27.32 hours, % of fat mass of 12.1 ± 2.8, with infant having the lowest adiposity. As for sexual maturation, 66.1% were in the pubescent phase, and no athlete reached the post--pubescent phase. The frequency of risk of eating disorders was 55.6%, being the most affected juveniles (70.6%). Only 47.1% of the juveniles had menarche. Only 36.1% have access to a sports nutritionist, while 16.7% evaluated bone mineral density at least once in their career, and 52.8% regularly perform laboratory tests. Stress fracture was reported by 22.2% of the gymnasts, 44.4% in the juveniles. Food supplementation was found in 36.1% of the gymnasts, especially vitamins C and D, and proteins. Conclusion: Risk behaviors were found for RED-S in young Brazilian rhythmic gymnasts with high performance, with emphasis for eating disorders, especially in the juvenile category.
SegDetector: A Deep Learning Model for Detecting Small and Overlapping Damaged Buildings in Satellite Images

Buildings bear much of the damage from natural disasters, and determining the extent of this damage is of great importance to post-disaster emergency relief. The application of deep learning to satellite remote sensing imagery has become more and more mature in monitoring natural disasters, but there are problems such as the small pixel scale of targets and overlapping targets that hinder the effectiveness of the model. Based on the SegFormer semantic segmentation model, this study proposes the SegDetector model for difficult detection of small-scale targets and overlapping targets in target detection tasks. By changing the calculation method of the loss function, the detection of overlapping samples is improved and the time-consuming non-maximum-suppression (NMS) algorithm is discarded, and the horizontal and rotational detection of buildings can be easily and conveniently implemented. In order to verify the effectiveness of the SegDetector model, the xBD dataset, which is a dataset for assessing building damage from satellite imagery, was transformed and tested. The experiment results show that the SegDetector model outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) models such as you-only-look-once (YOLOv3, v4, v5) in the xBD dataset with F1: 0.71, Precision: 0.63, and Recall: 0.81. At the same time, the SegDetector model has a small number of parameters and fast detection capability, making it more practical for deployment.
Potential and Opportunities of Use of Postindustrial Buildings and Territories for Urban Development: Case Studies of the Historical Area in Lviv (Ukraine)

Industrial objects constructed between the XIX century and the first half of the XX century were scattered outside the historical city center. However, they are currently located within the boundaries of the historical area of a big city. Postindustrial objects that have lost their initial function create opportunities for city development. An urgent problem of urban planning in Lviv is to determine the prospects for the development and reconstruction of industrial areas, complexes, and buildings. The purpose of the work is to identify the modern urban trends in the development process of postindustrial areas located in the historic area of Lviv, as well as its compliance with the city development strategy. The article investigates the connection of new objects with the main functions of the district, provides a historical excursion of their development, on-site studies, and a comparative analysis of objects with the goals of the master plan of Lviv and of the integrated concept of development of the central part of the city. The studied objects of the urban revitalization of postindustrial buildings and areas are grouped according to new dominant function: 1—Development of the creative industry; 2—Revalued multifunctional areas; 3—Implementation of the concept of city center expansion; 4—Reconstruction of historical localities, and 5—Creation of new residential complexes. The authors consider the process of re-urbanization in some particular postindustrial areas and objects as a search for ideas to generalize their use for the whole city. The intensive industrial development of the city during the Soviet period led to strict regulation of other areas. After obtaining independence, there is an opportunity to fix the imbalance. This process occurs in different ways. In particular, the “in situ” review provides an opportunity to understand the development of the territory—whether it follows the master plan (or contradicts it), whether it meets the new development strategy of the city, whether it meets the needs of the local community, or meets the interests of developers only.
Unintended consequences of farm input subsidies: women’s contraceptive usage and knock-on eﬀects on children

Sub-Saharan Africa’s countries adopted farm input subsidies, with a twin goal of bolstering food security and reducing poverty. Many scholars evaluate the subsidies against these intended impacts, while ignoring the potential unintended consequences. In this paper, I take advantage of a rare combination of information on both contraceptive usage and a subsidy program, from Malawi’s 2020 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), to investigate whether Malawi’s Farm Input Subsidy Program (FISP) aﬀected women’s contraceptive usage. I ﬁnd that women that lived in FISP households increased contraceptives usage. This is in line with the hypothesis that the women aimed to prevent pregnancy, and hence dedicate uninterrupted time to farming, complementing the FISP. More of women’s time in farming could imply less of their time in domestic chores. I therefore further investigated whether children, in the same households, increased participation in the domestic chores, to take up roles left by the farming women. I ﬁnd that this is the case. These ﬁndings therefore suggest that past studies evaluating the subsidies, and failed to consider the unintended consequences on fertility choices and domestic child labour, may have over- or underestimated the beneﬁts of the subsidies.
Consistent closure of RG flow equations in quantum gravity

We construct a consistent closure for the beta functions of the cosmological and Newton's constants by evaluating the influence of the fluctuating metric and ghost fields anomalous dimensions on their flow. In this generalized framework we confirm the presence of a UV attractive non-Gaussian fixed-point. Our closure method is general and can be applied systematically to more general truncations of the gravitational effective average action.
Tabular Data Generation: Can We Fool XGBoost ?

If by ’realistic’ we mean indistinguishable from (fresh) real data, generating realistic synthetic tabular data is far from being a trivial task. We present here a series of experiments showing that strong classifiers like XGBoost are able to distinguish state-of-the-art synthetic data from fresh real data almost perfectly on several tabular datasets. By studying the important features of these classifiers, we remark that mixed-type (continuous/discrete) and ill-distributed numerical columns are the ones which are the less faithfully reconstituted. We hence propose and experiment a series of automated reversible column-wise encoders which improve the realism of the generators.
Reduced Tyrosine and Serine-632 Phosphorylation of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 in the Gastrocnemius Muscle of Obese Zucker Rat

Obesity has become a serious health problem in the world, with increased morbidity, mortality, and financial burden on patients and health-care providers. The skeletal muscle is the most extensive tissue, severely affected by a sedentary lifestyle, which leads to obesity and type 2 diabetes. Obesity disrupts insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle, resulting in decreased glucose disposal, a condition known as insulin resistance. Although there is a large body of evidence on obesity-induced insulin resistance in various skeletal muscles, the molecular mechanism of insulin resistance due to a disruption in insulin receptor signaling, specifically in the gastrocnemius skeletal muscle of obese Zucker rats (OZRs), is not fully understood. This study subjected OZRs to a glucose tolerance test (GTT) to analyze insulin sensitivity. In addition, immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting techniques were used to determine the expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and insulin receptor-β (IRβ), and the activation of serine-632-IRS-1 phosphorylation in the gastrocnemius muscle of Zucker rats. The results show that the GTT in the OZRs was impaired. There was a significant decrease in IRS-1 levels, but no change was observed in IRβ in the gastrocnemius muscle of OZRs, compared to Zucker leans. Obese rats had a higher ratio of tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRβ than lean rats. In obese rats, however, insulin was unable to induce tyrosine phosphorylation. Moreover, insulin increased the phosphorylation of serine 632-IRS-1 in the gastrocnemius muscle of lean rats. However, obese rats had a low basal level of serine-632-IRS-1 and insulin only mildly increased serine phosphorylation in obese rats, compared to those without insulin. Thus, we addressed the altered steps of the insulin receptor signal transduction in the gastrocnemius muscle of OZRs. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of human obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Bacterial and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern in Secondary Peritonitis

Background: Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneum usually as a result of a localized or generalized infection. Secondary peritonitis which is the most common type follows an infective process in a visceral organ. The role of peritoneal cultures and use of antibiotics effective against culture results remain controversial. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the bacterial and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in patients with secondary peritonitis. It also compared the use of empirical antibiotics and culture-sensitive antibiotics with outcomes of patients with secondary peritonitis. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized clinical study was conducted. Five millilitres of peritoneal fluid was sampled intra-operatively, and microscopy, culture, and sensitivity testing was performed in patients with secondary peritonitis. The patients, randomized into two groups, had antibiotics administered for 7 days. The first group had empirical antibiotics throughout (Ceftriaxone + Metronidazole), whereas the second group had empirical antibiotics (Ceftriaxone + Metronidazole) for the first 2 days and antibiotics according to the sensitivity report for the remaining 5 days. The post-hoc analysis was also done on a third group, who, even though were randomized to either groups, had no growth on culture of peritoneal fluid. Results: The commonest pathogens identified from the peritoneal culture of the participants were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Anaerococcus group, and Bacteroides fragilis. Complications including mortality were significantly higher in those who received empirical antibiotics than those who received culture-sensitive antibiotics. Conclusion: The outcome of antibiotics administration in patients with secondary peritonitis with a positive culture was better in those who received culture-sensitive antibiotics than those who received empirical antibiotics.
Dental Caries Prevalence, Severity, and Pattern Among Male Adolescents in Kano, Nigeria

Background: Dental caries is the most common oral disease of mankind; however, there are limited data on the oral status of adolescents in northern Nigeria. Recently, the World Health Organization set the global caries goal as significant caries (SiC) index score of <3. This study was designed to appraise the magnitude of the disease among adolescents in northern Nigeria. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence, pattern, and severity of caries among 10–12-year-old adolescents in Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Six hundred and ninety-four school-aged children were selected through a multi-stage sampling of 10–12-year-old children in Kano and examined for dental caries using the WHO protocols. Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 20 Inc. Chicago IL, USA). Results: The prevalence of caries was 22.9% with mean DMFT and SiC scores of 0.5 (±1.2) and 3.7 respectively. DMFT >0 ranged from 1 to 8. Tooth 85 (the right mandibular second primary molar) and tooth 36 (left mandibular permanent first molar) had the highest caries count for primary and permanent teeth respectively. More lesions occurred on the left mandible in primary and permanent teeth. The second primary molars and the first permanent molars were most affected by the disease. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries was low among male adolescents in Kano as evidenced by the low mean DMFT/dmft scores; however, the condition exceeded the recommended WHO thresholds. Caries occurred more frequently on teeth 85 and 36.
Prognostic Factors in the Management of Empyema Thoracis in Northern Nigeria

Background: Empyema thoracis portrays pleural effusion with demonstrable actively multiplying bacteria. It is a significant cause of morbidity, and commonly complicates parapneumonic effusions. It is important to identify those factors that can be used to prognosticate the outcome of its management in our locality so that those that are modifiable could be applied to improve management outcomes. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study of patients managed for empyema thoracis at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, Nigeria from February 2017 to January 2018 was conducted. Eighty-three patients were enrolled for this study and recruitment into the study included all consecutive patients being managed for empyema thoracis in ABUTH, Zaria during the study period. Data collected included age, gender, aetiology, microbial isolates, BMI, initial and total empyema volumes, and duration before hospital presentation. The patients were subsequently managed and observed, and the outcome of management (duration of drainage and hospital stay, percentage of lung expansion, and need for decortication) was noted. Results: Patients in the paediatric age group correlated positively with an earlier presentation to the hospital. The duration before presentation correlated positively with the stage of the disease. The duration before presentation and the total empyema volume indexed to body surface area could prognosticate all four outcome parameters assessed. The age and stage of the disease prognosticated the lung expansion and the need for decortication. The initial empyema volume indexed to body surface area prognosticated the length of hospital stay. The presence of complications was a determinant of the need for decortication. Adolescents and adults had 2.1 times increased probability of requiring a decortication for successful management. Conclusion: The age, stage of the disease, duration before presentation, initial empyema volume indexed to body surface area, and total empyema volume indexed to body surface area can be used to prognosticate the outcome of empyema thoracis. With the onset of complication comes a higher chance of requiring decortication. Children are less likely to require decortication for satisfactory management of empyema thoracis.
Knowledge of community-based health insurance and associated factors among artisans in a selected community of Ekiti State

Background: The Community-Based Health Insurance Scheme (CBHIS) (National Health Insurance Scheme [NHIS]) pools the risk of high costs of health care across a large number of individuals, and it permits payment of a premium based on the average cost of health care for the group of people. This function of spreading risk in NHIS helps in making the cost of health-care services affordable for many individuals. Aim: This study which is aimed at assessing the knowledge of Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHIS) among artisans in Ekiti State will help in identifying and implementing strategies to widen health insurance services to this group of nonformal sector. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 416 respondents using a systematic random sampling technique among the skilled occupational group vis-a-vis bricklayers, carpenters, electricians, hair stylist, and tailors. Data were collated using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire and analysed using IBM SPSS version 23. Chi-square and binary logistic regression were used to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. P < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The study participant mean age was 29.7 ± 10.9 years, majority were females (57.5%), and 46.9% had tertiary education. 53.1% were aware of health insurance, but only 24% were aware of CBHIS. Just about a fifth of the respondents (18.3%) had good knowledge of CBHIS. Significant factors and predictors of knowledge of CBHIS in this study include female gender, tertiary level of education, higher family income, and higher frequency of illness. Conclusion: The awareness and knowledge of CBHIS among artisans in Ekiti State is still very low. Factors associated with the low knowledge include gender, level of education, frequency of illness, and family income. Therefore, efforts at improving awareness and educating members of the public about the scheme will be beneficial.
The International Celestial Reference Frame as Realized by Very Long Baseline Interferometry

A quasi-inertial reference frame is defined based on the radio positions of 212 extragalactic sources distributed over the entire sky. The positional accuracy of these sources is better than about 1 mas in both coordinates. The radio positions are based upon a general solution for all applicable dual-frequency 2.3 and 8.4 GHz Mark III very long baseline interferometry data available through the middle of 1995, consisting of 1.6 million pairs of group delay and phase delay rate observations. Positions and details are also given for an additional 396 objects that either need further observation or are currently unsuitable for the definition of a high-accuracy reference frame. The final orientation of the frame axes has been obtained by a rotation of the positions into the system of the International Celestial Reference System and is consistent with the FK5 J2000.0 optical system, within the limits of the link accuracy. The resulting International Celestial Reference Frame has been adopted by the International Astronomical Union as the fundamental celestial reference frame, replacing the FK5 optical frame as of 1998 January 1.
Biochar Stimulated Actual Evapotranspiration and Wheat Productivity under Water Deficit Conditions in Sandy Soil Based on Non-Weighing Lysimeter

The major climate-related hazard to worldwide agricultural productivity is drought, which is becoming more common because of ongoing climate change, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions. Herein, we investigated the influence of biochar soil application at 0, (B1), 7.5 ha−1 (B2), and 15 t ha−1 (B3) on the productivity and drought-tolerance indices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Sakha 93) grown in sandy soil under irrigation levels of 100 (I1), 80 (I2), and 60% (I3) of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), as well as soil properties based on non-weighing lysimeter units. Increasing water deficiency significantly decreased the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) values. A growing biochar rate caused a significant increase in ETa values, water use efficiency, and wheat productivity compared to the untreated control. Additionally, biochar supplementation revealed an improvement in soil quality as measured by the reduction in the bulk density and hydraulic conductivity with an increase in the total porosity and void ratio of the experimental soil. The correlation analysis exhibited a highly significant and positive correlation (0.98 **) between biological yield and grain yield traits. Therefore, it may be stated that these traits are the most significant components of the evaluated grain yield in wheat plants. The productivity of I1 plants was not significantly different and slightly higher than that of I2 plants. Therefore, it can be recommended that exposed wheat plants cultivated in sandy soil with I2 × B3 treatment significantly provide the highest yield while saving 20% of the irrigation water.
MATERNAL FEELINGS AT CONGENITAL MALFORMATION DIAGNOSIS

This article aims to analyze the maternal feelings about a congenital malformation diagnosis received before birth, immediately after birth, or in early infancy. This study was conducted with mothers whose children have congenital anomalies, based on ninety-seven interviews that included questions regarding pregnancy and the mothers’ perspective on their child diagnosis. Regarding maternal feelings, the main questions were: ‘How did you feel when you first heard the diagnosis? ’, ‘How have you been feeling? ’, ‘Where have sought comfort? ’. Qualitative analysis was performed based on categories for data comprehension. Congenital malformation diagnosis breaks down the maternal expectations around the child’s future, creating an environment full of anxiety, confusion, insecurity and multiple fears. The support of the multidisciplinary health team, religious and domestic is important to reduce the emotional impact suffered by the mothers after the diagnosis. It also helps the early difficulties in bonding with the baby.
Dynamic Efficient Adversarial Training Guided by Gradient Magnitude

Adversarial training is an effective but time-consuming way to train robust deep neural networks that can withstand strong adversarial attacks. As a response to its inefficiency, we propose Dynamic Efficient Adversarial Training (DEAT), which gradually increases the adversarial iteration during training. We demonstrate that the gradient's magnitude correlates with the curvature of the trained model's loss landscape, allowing it to reflect the effect of adversarial training. Therefore, based on the magnitude of the gradient, we propose a general acceleration strategy, M+ acceleration, which enables an automatic and highly effective method of adjusting the training procedure. M+ acceleration is computationally efficient and easy to implement. It is suited for DEAT and compatible with the majority of existing adversarial training techniques. Extensive experiments have been done on CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets with various training environments. The results show that the proposed M+ acceleration significantly improves the training efficiency of existing adversarial training methods while achieving similar robustness performance. This demonstrates that the strategy is highly adaptive and offers a valuable solution for automatic adversarial training.