Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transgenic Anopheles stephensi coexpressing single-chain antibodies resist Plasmodium falciparum development

Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes expressing m1C3, m4B7, or m2A10 single-chain antibodies (scFvs) have significantly lower levels of infection compared to controls when challenged with Plasmodium falciparum, a human malaria pathogen. These scFvs are derived from antibodies specific to a parasite chitinase, the 25 kDa protein and the circumsporozoite protein, respectively. Transgenes comprising m2A10 in combination with either m1C3 or m4B7 were inserted into previously-characterized mosquito chromosomal “docking” sites using site-specific recombination. Transgene expression was evaluated at four different genomic locations and a docking site that permitted tissue- and sex-specific expression was researched further. Fitness studies of docking site and dual scFv transgene strains detected only one significant fitness cost: adult docking-site males displayed a late-onset reduction in survival. The m4B7/m2A10 mosquitoes challenged with P. falciparum had few or no sporozoites, the parasite stage infective to humans, in three of four experiments. No sporozoites were detected in m1C3/m2A10 mosquitoes in challenge experiments when both genes were induced at developmentally relevant times. These studies support the conclusion that expression of a single copy of a dual scFv transgene can completely inhibit parasite development without imposing a fitness cost on the mosquito.
Study of Selective Surface of Solar Heat Receiver

For increasing of solar heating energy plants' absorbing possibility and reducing heat loss selective nano-covered surface application has great practical importance. In the investigation Cu+Ni+SiO2+Ni+SiO2 and Cu+Ni+ZnS content selective nano-covered surface' usage in solar energy plants was studied. This content having high effectiveness was painted on the surface of the specific solar receiver. In comparison with the other selective surfaces this selective nano-covered surface supplies to keep its optical properties stable till T>500℃ temperature. New type solar receiver with the developed selective nano-covered surface was tested in natural condition and at the lab. In the paper the most necessary heat-energy parameters of this solar receiver were defined.
A Phase III Randomized Trial of Combined Chemoradiotherapy Versus Radiotherapy Alone in Locally Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

A phase III randomized trial was conducted to investigate whether induction chemotherapy followed by radiation can influence survival as compared with radiation alone in unresectable, locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LADNSCLC). A total of 101 patients with unresectable stage IIIA or IIIB NSCLC were enrolled. Patients were stratified by performance status, weight loss, histology and stage, and then randomized to receive combined chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone. Radiotherapy was administered in 1.8 Gy to 2.0 Gy standard fractions daily 5 times weekly for a total dose of 60 Gy to 65 Gy. The combined group received induction of cisplatin, etoposide, and vinblastine (PEV) chemotherapy with cisplatin 20 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5, etoposide 100 mg/m2 on days 2 to 4, and vinblastine 6 mg/m2 on day 1, which wasrepeated every 3 weeks for 3 courses, after which time the patients underwent radiotherapy. Of 101 patients registered, 89 patients (43 combined, 46 radiotherapy alone) were eligible for analysis. The response rates for the combined and radiotherapy groups were 65% (28/43) and 70% (32/46), respectively. The median survival time (MST) showed a tendency to be more prolonged in the combined group than in the group receiving radiotherapy alone (13.8 vs. 8.5 months). The MST in patients with nonsquamous histology was strikingly prolonged in the combined group as compared with the radiotherapy group (14 vs. 3.6 months, p 0.027). Likewise, the MST in patients with stage IIIB was significantly prolonged in the combined group as compared with the radiotherapy group (11.1 vs. 7.2 months, p 0.045). Together, the MST of the high-risk group with nonsquamous or stage IIIB was significantly higher in the combined group than that seen in the radiotherapy group (11.6 vs. 8 months, p 0.046), whereas the MST of the low-risk group, defined as having both squamous histology and stage IIIA, was similar in the two treatment groups (18.3 vs. 20.8 months, p = 0.293). In conclusion, induction PEV chemotherapy plus radiotherapy is superior to radiotherapy alone in high-risk subsets of unresectable LAD-NSCLC and therapeutic strategy should be based on the identification of prognostic factors.
A performance monitor based on virtual global time for clusters of PCs

Debugging the performance of parallel and distributed systems remains a difficult task despite the widespread use of middleware packages for automatic distribution, communication and tasking in clusters. In this paper we present a performance monitoring tool for clusters of PCs that is based on the simple concept of accounting for resource usage and on the simple idea of mapping all performance related state of hardware performance counters and operating system variables backwards to the application level. In this way a monitoring tool can explain the most relevant performance metrics at a higher level that is easily understood by the application developer. The most important metric for distributed high performance applications remains the total execution time vs. the number of compute nodes involved, since it translates into the scalability of an application. As a detailed contribution of this paper, we closely look into what is needed to reverse map the low level performance counters at each node back through the middleware layer responsible for the parallelization and distribution. The specific problems encountered and dealt with are the creation of a flexible notion of global time for time-stamping and the reassembling of performance data and an appropriate communication mechanism to minimize monitoring intrusion due to the additional networking traffic caused by the monitor. We show how our tool can be used to measure, explain and predict the performance and scalability of a distributed OLAP application running on clusters of PCs.
Respiratory mechanics in mechanically ventilated patients with respiratory failure.

In 11 mechanically ventilated patients, respiratory mechanics were measured 1) during constant flow inflation and 2) following end-inflation airway occlusion, as proposed in model analysis (J. Appl. Physiol. 58: 1840-1848, 1985. During the latter part of inflation, the relationship between driving pressure and lung volume change was linear, allowing determination of static respiratory elastance (Ers) and resistance (RT). The latter represents in each patient the maximum resistance value that can obtain with the prevailing time constant inhomogeneity. Following occlusion, Ers and RT were also obtained along with RT (min) which represents a minimum, i.e., resistance value that would obtain in the absence of time constant inhomogeneity. A discrepancy between inflation and occlusion Ers and RT was found only in the three patients without positive end-expiratory pressure, and could be attributed to recruitment of lung units during inflation. In all instances Ers and RT were higher than normal. RT(min) was lower in all patients than the corresponding values of RT, indicating that resistance was frequency dependent due to time constant inequalities. Changes in inflation rate did not affect Ers, while RT increased with increasing flow.
Lightweight Solutions for User Interfaces Over the WWW

Lisp-based HTTP servers provide a starting point for building Web-based applications written in Common Lisp. They do not provide a complete solution. An application needs additional facilities for generating content and managing dialogs. We present some lightweight tools that have been essential in producing applications with complex interactive interfaces. Expressing computed responses is greatly simplified by scripting a template HTML page with some Lisp code. This is managed through our Active Lisp Pages (ALP). Conducting a dialog with a user requires managing an evolving state, for which we have implemented a simple interaction manager. We integrate interactive interfaces developed by third parties in our application, using a simple API based on XML and XSLT. Finally, SOAP messaging provides applications with a standard means of exchanging messages with custom interfaces. These tools have allowed us to assemble consistent and usable user interfaces for our applications.
Towards the assessment of free learner's utterances in CALL

Computer-Aided Language Learning (CALL) should play an important role in the modern training process because it provides easy accessible, adaptive and flexible ways of learning. This paper addresses the scenario of tutor-learner question answering and attempts to automate the free answers evaluation using the advantages of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Our current approach integrates shallow parsing for analysing the answers and allows the learners to enter various utterances to express themselves. However this variety does not impede the assessment of the student’s answer as we check the utterances against the automatically generated scope of the correct answers. The usage of a “set of answers” instead of one predefined correct answer enables feedback elaboration that helps learners to understand better their knowledge gaps. Briefly, in this paper we show how the combination of shallow and deep semantic NLP techniques can improve the effectiveness of eLearning systems which support communication in free natural language and can make them more satisfactory and pleasant for their users.
On doubled 3-manifolds and minimal handle presentations for 4-manifolds

We extend our earlier work on free reduction problems for 2-complexes K in 4-manifolds N (i.e., the problem of eecting, by a geometric deformation of K in N, the free reduction of the relator words in the presentation associated with K). Here, the problem is recast, with new results, in terms of 2-handle presentations of 4-manifolds. Let M be the complement of the interior of a closed 3-ball in the 3-manifold M, and let 2M be the connected sum of two copies M, via a boundary identication allowing the identication of 2 M with the boundary of M ( 1; 1). We show that algebraic handle cancellation associated with a 2- handle presentation of a 4-manifold with boundary 2M can be turned into geometric handle cancellation for handle presentations of possibly dierent 4-manifolds having the same boundary provided that certain obstruction conditions are satised. These conditions are identied as
On MABs and Separation of Concerns in Monte-Carlo Planning for MDPs

Linking online planning for MDPs with their special case of stochastic multi-armed bandit problems, we analyze three state-of-the-art Monte-Carlo tree search al-gorithms: UCT, BRUE, and MaxUCT. Using the outcome, we (i) introduce two new MCTS algorithms,MaxBRUE, which combines uniform sampling with Bellman backups, and MpaUCT, which combines UCB1with a novel backup procedure, (ii) analyze them formally and empirically, and (iii) show how MCTS algorithms can be further stratified by an exploration control mechanism that improves their empirical performance without harming the formal guarantees.
EVALUATION OF PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF ANTILOPINI AND OREOTRAGINI TRIBES (BOVIDAE: ARTIODACTYLA) BASED ON COMPLETE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES

In this research, phylogenetic relationships of 24 species from the subfamily Antilopinae were evaluated using complete mitochondrial genomes. The average base composition of mtDNA sequences was 27.8% T, 25.2% C, 33.7% A, and 13.3% G, showing a strong AT bias (61.5%). The phylogenetic trees were investigated using the NJ, ME and UPGMA methods and found that they have very identical topologies. Overall, consistent with findings of previous studies, the results revealed that the Antilopini tribe has been correctly demarcated. Also, it was found that the Oreotragini tribe, which is represented by a single species (Oreotragus oreotragus), is completely separated from the Antilopini tribe and thus its taxonomic position must be reviewed again. In general, the results of this study indicated that the complete mitochondrial genomes are very useful, powerful, and accurate tools for evaluating the phylogenetic relationships of animals and biosystematics studies. Besides, using these genomes, we can meticulously reconstruct and modify the animal classification.
Targeting LIM kinases in taxane resistant tumors

Microtubule stabilizing drugs such as taxanes have proven fairly effective for treating solid tumors, but the mechanism by which these drugs treat cancer is still unsolved. Intratumor imaging, showing that the cell proliferation rate is low in many chemosensitive human cancers, has challenged the dogma that the cytotoxicity of such compounds is the result of their effect on rapidly dividing cells [1]. Moreover, attempts to develop selective antimitotic cancer drugs that inhibit proteins mainly involved in mitosis have failed. These findings suggest that taxanes may target other microtubule-based mechanisms in addition to mitosis, in cancer cells as well as in cells of the tumor environment, or that their therapeutic effect results from a microtubule independent targeting [1, 2]. In addition, taxanes cause severe side effects, including myelosuppression and neurotoxicity, presumably due to the general perturbation of microtubule functions in normal cells. Finally, the fact that many cancers are inherently resistant to taxane chemotherapy or become so during prolonged treatment make these drugs less than ideal. The search for next generation microtubule stabilizing drugs with increased efficacy is thus intense. Several strategies have been proposed for the development of potentially more effective and less toxic anticancer drugs. One approach is to find drugs that target non-essential proteins, such as microtubule regulators. If such a target would be more active in cancer cells, or centrally involved in cancer aggressiveness, its inhibition would improve drug selectivity for tumors over normal tissue and contribute to a greater therapeutic window. LIM Kinases (LIMKs) are enzymes whose activity is elevated in cancers compared to normal tissue. LIMKs regulate the architecture of the actin cytoskeleton by phosphorylation and inactivation of actin depolymerization factors of the ADF/cofilin family. Independently of this effect on actin microfilament dynamics, LIMKs also regulate microtubule dynamics, but whether this regulation occurs through a direct binding of LIMK to microtubules or through phosphorylation of an associated protein is still unknown [3, 4]. When LIMKs are inhibited, microtubules are stabilized and actin microfilaments are severed. Owing to their stabilizing effect on microtubules, LIMK inhibitors may provide a therapeutic strategy to treat taxane-resistant cancers. A highly selective LIMK inhibitor, Pyr1, has been previously characterized by Prudent et al [4]. Although ATP-competitive, Pyr1 inhibits only LIMKs out of 110 kinases tested. When applied on cells, Pyr1 stabilizes microtubules, induces a moderate cell cycle arrest at the S-G2/M phase and blocks actin microfilament dynamics and cell motility. Anticancer …
Methods to support human-centred design

This paper notes the importance of usable systems and promotes the process of human-centred design as a way to achieve them. Adopting the framework of ISO 13407, each of the main processes in the human-centred design cycle is considered in turn along with a set of usability methods to support it. These methods are briefly described with references to further information. Each set of methods is also presented in a table format to enable the reader to compare and select them for different design situations.
Load frequency control (LFC) of micro-hydro power plant with Capacitive Energy Storage (CES) using Bat Algorithm (BA)

Utilization of Microhydro Power Plant (MHPP) is more widely used in remote areas because it has advantages in economic, technical, and good nature. But the problem that often occurs is the rotation from the generator not constant because change of load by consumer. The burden of change causes a change of frequency where it can cause damage to the system and consumer equipment. To support optimum performance of MHPP, is needed a technology to design appropriate controls. This study will be discussed a strategy based on frequency control Capacitive Energy Storage (CES) and PID. For optimal performance, the needed tuning appropriate for CES-PID parameter. To obtain the CES-PID parameters optimized in MHPP used artificial intelligence method namely Bat Algorithm (BA). The simulation shows that the application of BA-CES-PID can increase settling time and correct the overshoot of the system frequency respons.
Assembly instruction level reverse execution for debugging

Assembly instruction level reverse execution provides a programmer with the ability to return a program to a previous state in its execution history via execution of a "reverse program. " The ability to execute a program in reverse is advantageous for shortening software development time. Conventional techniques for recovering a state rely on saving the state into a record before the state is destroyed. However, state-saving causes significant memory and time overheads during forward execution.The proposed method introduces a reverse execution methodology at the assembly instruction level with low memory and time overheads. The methodology generates, from a program, a reverse program by which a destroyed state is almost always regenerated rather than being restored from a record. This significantly reduces state-saving.The methodology has been implemented on a PowerPC processor with a custom made debugger. As compared to previous work, all of which heavily use state-saving techniques, the experimental results show from 2X to 2206X reduction in run-time memory usage, from 1.5X to 403X reduction in forward execution time overhead and from 1.2X to 2.32X reduction in forward execution time for the tested benchmarks. Furthermore, due to the reduction in memory usage, our method can provide reverse execution in many cases where other methods run out of available memory. However, for cases where there is enough memory available, our method results in 1.16X to 1.89X slow down in reverse execution.
The Multiplicative Weights Update Method: a Meta-Algorithm and Applications

Algorithms in varied fields use the idea of maintaining a distribution over a certain set and use the multiplicative update rule to iteratively change these weights. Their analyses are usually very similar and rely on an exponential potential function. In this survey we present a simple meta-algorithm that unifies many of these disparate algorithms and derives them as simple instantiations of the meta-algorithm. We feel that since this meta-algorithm and its analysis are so simple, and its applications so broad, it should be a standard part of algorithms courses, like "divide and conquer. "
Coverage Performance Analysis of OFDM-Based Spatial Multiplexing Systems

Combining multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna techniques with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation (MIMO-OFDM) becomes an attractive air-interface solution for the next generation high speed wireless systems. Nevertheless, because the total available transmit power is split uniformly across transmit antennas in MIMO-OFDM systems, increasing the number of transmit antennas leads to a smaller signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) per degree of freedom. Thus the coverage performance of this kind of MIMO-OFDM system becomes an essential issue. In this paper by means of order statistics and Glivenko-Cantelli theorem, we develop an analytical expressions for the link outage probability and cell coverage reliability of OFDM-based spatial multiplexing systems in a frequency selective fading channel, respectively.
Atomistic study of ordinary screw dislocations in single-phase and lamellar γ-TiAl

Computer simulation of the core structure and glide of ordinary screw dislocations in single-phase L10 TiAl and in two lamellae forming a twin γ/γ-interface has been performed using recently constructed Bond-Order Potentials (BOPs). BOPs represent a semi-empirical, numerically efficient scheme that works within the orthogonal tight-binding approximation and is able to capture the directionality of bonding. We have studied dislocation glide in perfect L10 TiAl and along a twin interface, transmission of an ordinary screw dislocation between lamellae, and the core structure, mobility and detachment of an interfacial screw dislocation from a twin boundary under applied shear stresses in directions parallel and perpendicular to a (111) plane. Our results show that the glide of ordinary straight screw dislocations under applied stresses in L10 TiAl is characterized by zigzag movement on two conjugated {111} planes. The non-planar core of the screw dislocation is distorted asymmetrically when the elastic centre of the dislocation is close to a twin γ/γ-interface and the dislocation moves on one of the (111) planes, depending on the magnitude of the corresponding Schmid factor. Ordinary dislocations become ordinary interfacial dislocations when they reach the interface. With increasing applied stress they can glide into the adjacent lamella, leaving no remnant interfacial dislocation.
Successful treatment of anogenital lichen sclerosus with topical tacrolimus.

BACKGROUND Lichen sclerosus of the anogenital area is a chronic inflammatory and fibrosclerotic disease associated with substantial morbidity. Topical ultrapotent corticosteroids are currently the treatment of choice. OBSERVATIONS Three prepubertal girls and 3 adults (2 men, 1 woman) were treated with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment once daily. All patients experienced complete resolution with long-lasting remission for up to 1 year. No major adverse effects were observed, and treatment was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Topical tacrolimus is a promising novel agent in the treatment of lichen sclerosus of the anogenital area. A major advantage over topical corticosteroids is the lack of skin atrophy. Further clinical trials are warranted to confirm our findings.
The Influence of Size Effects on the Fatigue Behaviour of the Aluminium Alloy AIMgSi0.7

In order to estimate the crack initiation lifetime of the alumi nium alloy AA6009 an analytical model, based on local stress strain approaches will be pres nted. To calculate fatigue lifetimes of engineering components statistical and technological size effects have been taken into consideration. In addition, fatigue tests have been undertaken with load spec tra, which are representative of stresses and strains actually experienced by the component duri g service.