Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electromyographic analysis in elite swimmers with shoulder pain during a functional task

ABSTRACT The purpose of study was to determine and compare electromyographic activity of selected shoulder girdle muscles in elite swimmers with and without shoulder pain. Twelve professional swimmers with shoulder pain (mean age: 18.55 ± 3.16 years, body mass: 74.33 ± 2.91 kg and height: 179.00 ± 5.29 cm) and 12 swimmers without pain (mean age: 18.11 ± 1.61 years, body weight: 73.33 ± 6.06 kg, height: 178.33 ± 5.07 cm) were recruited. Surface electromyography signals were collected from seven upper limb muscles during a task: participants were instructed to mark points with a pen within each of the three circles counterclockwise. The normalised root-mean-square value was used to determine the muscular activation. Swimmers with shoulder pain demonstrated greater activation of the upper trapezius (pain group mean: 28.04 ± 10.37, control group mean: 13.40 ± 06.04; p = 0.002, : 0.455), serratus anterior (pain group mean: 30.78 ± 20.09, control group mean: 13.30 ± 5.52; p = 0.023, : 0.283) and latissimus dorsi (pain group mean: 27.05 ± 17.87, control group mean: 4.99 ± 3.90; p = 0.002, : 0.450) muscles. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in the activation of the middle and lower trapezius, middle deltoid and sternocleidomastoid. The altered muscle activation patterns may contribute to the painful shoulder in elite swimmers and need to be considered within the rehabilitation interventions.
Plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy of AlGaN heterostructures for deep‐ultraviolet optically pumped lasers

The paper reports on elaboration of plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) of AlxGa1 − xN‐based quantum‐well (QW) structures with high Al content (up to 50% in the QW) grown directly on c‐sapphire. Different elements of the structure design are considered consecutively in detail along with the advanced growth approaches developed for each element. Special attention is paid to the growth conditions of (i) AlN nucleation layers with suppressed generation of threading dislocations (TDs), (ii) 2‐µm thick AlN buffer layers with atomically smooth droplet‐free morphology (rms = 0.46 nm) grown under the strongly metal‐rich conditions, (iii) cladding and waveguide AlGaN layers also possessing the atomically smooth droplet‐free morphology that is ensured by the accurately established phase diagram of metal(Ga)‐rich growth conditions within the temperature range 660–780 °C. Employing several 3‐nm thick strained GaN insertions in the AlN buffer layer and a AlGaN/AlN superlattice (SL) on top of it is shown to result in a significant decrease of TD's density down to 108–109 cm−2 in the top QW region fabricated by a submonolayer digital alloying (SDA) technique. Finally, advanced AlGaN‐based QW structures are presented, which demonstrate optically pumped lasing within the deep‐ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range with the threshold power density below 600 kW cm−2 (at 289 nm).
Acclimation by diverse phytoplankton species determines oceanic carbon to nitrogen ratios

The carbon to nitrogen (CN) ratio of phytoplankton connects the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the ocean. Any variation in this ratio under climate change will alter the amount of carbon fixed by photosynthesis, and ultimately the amount sequestered in the ocean. However, a consistent mechanistic explanation remains lacking for observed species‐specific variations in phytoplankton CN ratios. We show that acclimation to ambient environmental conditions explains the observed variation of phytoplankton CN ratios by incorporating phytoplankton acclimation theory based on a resource allocation trade‐off between carbon vs. nitrogen acquisition capacity into a three‐dimensional marine ecosystem model. Inter‐specific differences in CN ratio and its sensitivity are caused by inter‐specific differences in Droop's minimum nitrogen cell quota. Our model, constrained by observed phytoplankton parameters, shows that the global mean phytoplankton CN ratio is greater than the canonical Redfield ratio, as suggested previously based on regional in situ observations.
Citrus Aurantifolia Essential Oil Composition, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Mode of Action on Salmonella Enterica, a Foodborne Pathogen

Salmonella enterica is a well-known pathogenic bacterium that can cause intracellular illness and food poisoning in humans, especially salmonellosis. In the present study, 20 essential oils of aromatic plants were screened for their antibacterial activity against S. enterica. Among the essential oils screened, Citrus aurantifolia essential oil (CAEO) demonstrated most efficient activity against S. enterica. CAEO had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 8 and 16 μl/mL, respectively. A significant scavenging of radical cations was observed with CAEO using 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl with an IC50 of 0.2147 mg/mL. Total phenolic content of CAEO was 10.90 mg GAE/100 μL. The treatment of bacterium with CAEO caused the leakage of cellular components, i.e., both nucleic acids and proteins. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure the ultrastructure of control and treated bacterium (due to CAEO). The results of SEM reveal a loss of cellular integrity and function of bacterial cell membrane. The GC/GC-MS analysis of CAEO revealed E-citral (67.97%) as a major chemical component. CAEO may be considered as a safe antibacterial agent against foodborne S. enterica. The present study investigated a detailed analysis of antibacterial activity of C. aurantifolia essential oil, which can provide insight for further studies.
Differential expression of androgen receptor variants in hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer xenografts, castration‐resistant sublines, and patient specimens according to the treatment sequence

Androgen receptor variants (AR‐vs), especially AR‐v7 and AR‐v 5, 6, and 7 exon‐skipped (AR‐v567es), are reportedly key players in the development of castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We previously established a mouse xenograft model (JDCaP) from a metastatic skin lesion from a Japanese patient with CRPC and that was revealed to exhibit androgen sensitivity. In the present study, we established multiple castration‐resistant xenograft models from JDCaP mice to investigate the biological features of CRPC.
Multivariate log-skewed distributions with normal kernel and their applications

We introduce two classes of multivariate log-skewed distributions with normal kernel: the log canonical fundamental skew-normal (log-CFUSN) and the log unified skew-normal. We also discuss some properties of the log-CFUSN family of distributions. These new classes of log-skewed distributions include the log-normal and multivariate log-skew normal families as particular cases. We discuss some issues related to Bayesian inference in the log-CFUSN family of distributions, mainly we focus on how to model the prior uncertainty about the skewing parameter. Based on the stochastic representation of the log-CFUSN family, we propose a data augmentation strategy for sampling from the posterior distributions. This proposed family is used to analyse the US national monthly precipitation data. We conclude that a high-dimensional skewing function lead to a better model fit.
Pattern languages with and without erasing

The paper deals with the problems related to finding a pattern common to all words in a given set. We restrict our attention to patterns expressible by the use of variables ranging over words. Two essentially different cases result, depending on whether or not the empty word belongs to the range. We investigate equivalence and inclusion problems, patterns descriptive for a set, as well as some complexity issues. The inclusion problem between two pattern languages turns out to be of fundamental theoretical importance because many problems in the classical combinatorics of words can be reduced to it.
RNAi expression tuning, microfluidic screening, and genome recombineering for improved protein production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Significance Recombinant proteins are broadly used in many applications, as medicines or enzymes, etc. One of the most common cell factories that produces many proteins is yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Synthesis, posttranslational modifications, and secretion of the protein are crucial steps for optimization but rational design is often challenging due to the complexity of the system and interactions between many cellular processes. Here we dissect the genetic basis of gene down-regulation for improved protein production in yeast, via microfluidics-assisted tracking of systematically introduced RNAi perturbations, and establish a workflow for identification and combinatorial engineering of favorable gene targets. The knowledge and the recombineering approach will aid the understanding of protein-producing machinery and enable strain improvement. The cellular machinery that supports protein synthesis and secretion lies at the foundation of cell factory-centered protein production. Due to the complexity of such cellular machinery, the challenge in generating a superior cell factory is to fully exploit the production potential by finding beneficial targets for optimized strains, which ideally could be used for improved secretion of other proteins. We focused on an approach in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that allows for attenuation of gene expression, using RNAi combined with high-throughput microfluidic single-cell screening for cells with improved protein secretion. Using direct experimental validation or enrichment analysis-assisted characterization of systematically introduced RNAi perturbations, we could identify targets that improve protein secretion. We found that genes with functions in cellular metabolism (YDC1, AAD4, ADE8, and SDH1), protein modification and degradation (VPS73, KTR2, CNL1, and SSA1), and cell cycle (CDC39), can all impact recombinant protein production when expressed at differentially down-regulated levels. By establishing a workflow that incorporates Cas9-mediated recombineering, we demonstrated how we could tune the expression of the identified gene targets for further improved protein production for specific proteins. Our findings offer a high throughput and semirational platform design, which will improve not only the production of a desired protein but even more importantly, shed additional light on connections between protein production and other cellular processes.
Exploration of Influencing Factors for Postoperative Recurrence in Patients with Madelung’s Disease on the Basis of Multivariate Stepwise Cox Regression Analysis

Purpose Madelung’s disease (MD) is a rare condition of massive deposits of fat accumulations between superficial and deep fascia at typical locations. There is an absence of systematic studies related to MD in the Chinese cohort. Thus, the objective of the study was to investigate the clinical features of the MD cases in our institution and to explore the clinical variables associated with postoperative recurrence. Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical information of 21 individuals with MD from 2013 to 2021 enrolled in our institution. The paired t-test and χ2 test were, respectively, used to determine the difference between continuous and classified variables. The univariate Kaplan–Meier analysis by log-rank and multivariate stepwise Cox regression analysis were used to explore variables possibly associated with postoperative recurrence in MD individuals. Results In the current study, 90.48% of the studied patients were male with a mean age of 48.76 years old. About 61.90% exhibited type I MD. MD patients who experienced postoperative recurrence had a higher age, BMI, incidence of chronic complications, and prevalence of alcoholism than the other MD patients without recurrence (P < 0.05). The univariate Kaplan–Meier analysis by log-rank identified that age, BMI, alcoholism, and comorbidities were influencing factors related with postoperative recurrence (P < 0.05). Conclusion Demographic characteristics of the 21 studied Chinese cases with MD were generally in accordance with previously published data of other foreign populations. The factors possibly influencing the postoperative recurrence for patients with MD were age, BMI, alcoholism, and a combination of comorbidities. This is the first time that a summarization of clinical characteristics and postoperative recurrence variables of Chinese patients with MD has been reported.
Understanding motivational beliefs of women in postsecondary STEM- vocational-technical education. Evidence from Chile

ABSTRACT Women face many barriers to entry into and persistence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. Drawing on expectancy-value theory (EVT) and using a qualitative approach, this study sought to deeply understand women’s entry and persistence in STEM-related postsecondary Vocational Technical Education (VTE) programs that lead to male-dominated skilled trades in construction, metalworking, and mining sectors in Chile. The findings revealed that, depending on the economic sector women were preparing to work in, different motivational patterns of EVT beliefs emerged that allowed women to overcome the high costs imposed by the gender stereotypes they encountered in their studies. Therefore, to improve women participation in VTE programs related to STEM fields, institutional and government policies must consider these different motivational profiles, as well as different strategies to improve women identity with these male-typed skilled trades.
Forward backward domain decomposition method for finite element solution of electromagnetic boundary value problems

We introduce the forward–backward domain decomposition method (FB‐DDM), which is basically an improved version of the classical alternating Schwarz method with overlapping subdomains, for electromagnetic boundary value problems. The proposed method is noniterative in some cases involving smooth geometries, or it usually converges in a few iterations in other cases involving challenging geometries, via the utilization of the locally‐conformal PML method. We report some numerical results for two‐dimensional electromagnetic scattering problems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2582–2590, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22757
The Relationship Between the Big Five Personality Traits and Job Satisfaction – A Pilot Study on a Sample of Croatian Seafarers

Over the past decade, research on seafarers' health, well-being, stress, and job satisfaction has increased. Previous studies on other work populations have shown the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and job satisfaction, but the significance of each trait of the Big Five model, as well as the size of the correlations, vary according to the characteristics of the samples, such as gender, age, and occupation. With a view of the lack of addressing this research topic in seafarers, this study aimed to examine the relationships between the five basic personality dimensions and seafarers' job satisfaction. The convenient sample consisted of 286 Croatian male seafarers aged between 18 and 65. Participants completed a questionnaire that included questions on sociodemographic characteristics, IPIP-50 inventory measuring five personality traits, Job Satisfaction Scale, and Seafarers' Job Satisfaction Scale. The results showed that both measures of job satisfaction correlated positively with emotional stability, conscientiousness, and extraversion. However, the general measure of job satisfaction additionally
THE DISC-HALO STRUCTURE OF NGC 3109

We present the results of V and I photometries for ∼56,500 stars of NGC 3109 obtained from a 467.26(′)2 wide-field observations. The internal extinction does not affect the determination of the magnitude of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) from which a distance modulus of (m − M)0 = 25.61 ± 0.10 (1.32 ± 0.06 Mpc) have been derived. A mean metallicity of the RGB stars have been found to be [Fe/H] = −1.84 ± 0.2 (Z = 0.0003 ± 0.0001). The profile of the star density distribution shows two exponentials with a break radius located at ∼16′ and ∼4′ in the direction of the semimajor and semiminor axes, respectively. An extended low surface brightness structure perpendicular to the disk of the galaxy has been found. The radial distribution of the stellar populations implies that the disk is formed by stars of all ages while the extended extraplanar structure lacks young stars. From the main characteristics of NGC 3109 we deduce that the extended structure could be (1) a true halo formed only by old, low-metallicity stars being a low-mass spiral galaxy, or (2) a posthalo epoch formed either by a merging with smaller galaxies or by a past encounter with a neighbor galaxy like Antlia. If the latter, the extended structure could be composed of an intermediate-age population.
Aerodynamic Forces and Moment on a Sphere or Cylinder Attached to a Wall in a Blasius Boundary Layer

Abstract The results presented in this paper quantify the moment on a sphere and the lift, drag and moment on a cylinder when each is attached to a plate over which flows a Blasius boundary layer. For the cylinder the freestream velocity is prescribed to be perpendicular to the cylinder axis. Computational methods were utilized to develop coefficient of lift and drag relationships as functions of particle Reynolds number with respect to diameter. Results for a plate Reynolds number of 32400 were computed over a particle Reynolds number range 0.06 to 49 for the cylinder and 0.1 to 250 for the sphere. The effect of plate Reynolds number on the results was also investigated. As cylinder Reynolds number approaches zero, the lift coefficient approaches a constant value while the drag coefficient asymptotes to infinity. For both geometries the force and moment coefficients monotonically decrease as particle Reynolds number increases. The moment coefficient for the sphere varies only weakly with plate Reynolds number, while for the cylinder the force and moment coefficients increase somewhat as plate Reynolds number increases above 32400. Empirical curves fits to the data are presented.
Surface electronic properties of undoped InAlN alloys

The variation in surface electronic properties of undoped c-plane InxAl1−xN alloys has been investigated across the composition range using a combination of high-resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and single-field Hall effect measurements. For the In-rich alloys, electron accumulation layers, accompanied by a downward band bending, are present at the surface, with a decrease to approximately flatband conditions with increasing Al composition. However, for the Al-rich alloys, the undoped samples were found to be insulating with approximate midgap pinning of the surface Fermi level observed.
Statistical simulation of non-circular cross section Poiseuille flows

This paper investigates the Poiseuille flows for rectangular, regular hexagonal, and semicircular cross sections in transition regime using particle approaches, namely the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method and the information preservation (IP) method. The DSMC and IP results compare well with each other, while the IP method is much more computationally efficient than the DSMC method. The mass flow rates given by IP and DSMC are in agreement with the BGK solutions of Hasegawa and Sone. For rectangular cross sections in the wide range of the width-to-height ratio, the simulation results of the mass flow rates and the velocity profiles along the midperpendicular line have been given for both methods to estimate the lateral wall influence. For the physical quantities, such as the mass flow rate, which are influenced by the whole field, the lateral wall influence must be considered even for width-to-height ratio as large as 10. And for the physical parameters, such as the maximum velocity and the velocity profile along the midperpendicular line, the lateral wall influence can be negligible if the width-to-height ratio is bigger than 5.
TIP-SAMPLE CAPACITANCE IN CAPACITANCE MICROSCOPY OF DIELECTRIC FILMS

The tip–sample capacitance in the scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) of dielectric films is described through theoretical calculations based on the method of images. The results are explained with the charge density distribution in the tip–sample system. Furthermore, capacitance signals in the tapping mode SCM of dielectric films are experimentally investigated and found to be in good agreement with the simulation results.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berkarakter Islami pada Praktikum Pembelajaran IPA di MTS Raudhatul Akmal

The laboratory has a very important role in learning science education, and science educators are advised to apply practicum activities in the learning process because there are many benefits that students can get in doing practicum. The problem-based student worksheet (LKPD) used in this study is a problem-based student worksheet. Student worksheets are expected to be able to develop knowledge through problems given by the existence of problems students are required to solve problems in accordance with the knowledge possessed by students. Efforts that can be made in overcoming problems in learning are by holding practicums in the classroom. The purpose of this research is to develop student worksheets with Islamic character in science learning practicum at MTS Raudhatul Akmal. This research method uses survey methods and literature review. This research method uses Development carried out by research and development methods (Research and Development). The development model in this study is the Borg and Gall model. The research subjects were students of class VII and class VIII MTS Raudhatul Akmal Batang Kuis because they had knowledge and understanding of Islamic religious values. Research data were collected using expert validation sheets, teacher response sheets, student response sheets and data analysis using a Likert scale.
Confinement of self-generated Mg(BH4)2 particles for simultaneously enhanced flux pinning and grain connectivity in polycrystalline H-doped MgB2

The present study reports a simple quenching method to simultaneously improve flux pinning and grain connectivity in polycrystalline H-doped MgB2, which was ex-situ synthesized at 350 °C under the H2 pressure of 3 MPa. Quenching prevented the phase transformation of β-Mg(BH4)2→α-Mg(BH4)2 upon cooling, and the dominant point-pinning effects originated from the self-generated nano-sized β-Mg(BH4)2 particles that were confined within the MgB2 grains. A semi-coherent relationship was found between MgB2(100) and Mg(BH4)2( 1ˉ14ˉ ) planes. Meanwhile, the precipitation-induced expansion of the MgB2 grains remained at room temperature, leading to an increasing number of contact points as well as grain connectivity. Compared with the un-doped MgB2, the quenched H-doped one exhibited enhanced critical current density over the entire field. These results are expected to guide the design of flux pinning centers for improving the J c performance of standard type II superconductors.
Bond percolation and the Yang-Lee edge singularity problems in three dimensions

Field theories with a trilinear interaction are used to describe both the random bond percolation problem and the Yang-Lee edge singularity problems in three dimensions at criticality. Renormalisation group functions are calculated to order four for the exponents eta , omega and the beta function, and to order five for the remaining critical exponents. Estimations of the critical coupling constant and the exponents for percolation theory are found by summing conformal transformations of the Borel transformed series.