Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii against pathogenic bacteria

Seaweeds can produce variety of bioactive components for the benefits of humans. Malaysia is one of the countries to produce red seaweeds, which are popular secondary metabolites. Kappaphycus species, largest tropical red algae exhibit the high growth rate. It was reported that its biomass can grow double in just 15 to 30 days. Therefore, this investigation emphasized on two extraction methods such as hot water and ethanolic Soxhlet extraction to extract the bioactive compounds from Kappaphycus alvarezii. Both of theseextractions were screened to produce antimicrobial and antioxidants compounds. Total phenolic content and ferric reducing assays were employed to quantify antioxidant properties. Whereas, the disc diffusion assays were used to study antibacterial activity. The results reported the highest phenolic content for ethanolic extract (20.25 ± 0.03 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of extract). On the other hand, the value of phenolic content was slightly decreased 19.1 ± 0.81 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of extract for the hot water extract. It was also found that both the extracts were potentially capable of balancing reactive oxygen species. Disc diffusion assay results indicated that the extract of red alga K. alvarezi were more efficient against B. cereus. Among the fatty acids determined levoglucosenone and 4-Pyridinemethanol were present in high percentages in hot water extract whereas Hexamethyl- cyclotrisiloxane followed by 1, 2, 5- Thiadiazole-3-carboxamide, 4-[(2-chloroethyl) amino]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) were present in ethanolic extract of K. alvarezi. The present study concluded that, hot water extracts of K. alvarezii can be used for large scale production of bioactive compounds utilizing an easily available potential seaweed. Future research of red seaweed will be highly important for pharmaceutical and medicinal field as well as a homogenizer in milk products, toothpaste and jellies in other industrial applications.
Assessment of cytological and biochemical parameters stability in cerebrospinal
 fluid

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability, in 12 hours, of cytological and biochemical parameters of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were aliquoted into five different tubes and stored at room temperature. The first aliquot was immediately analyzed and the others analyzed after 2, 4, 6 and 12 hours. For cytological analysis, samples of at least 20 leukocytes/mm were included. Analysis of variance of the results and the comparison of the clinical interpretation of the results at the different times were performed. Results: There was no significant decrease in the number of leukocytes and erythrocytes by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The clinical interpretation of the cytology did not result in different results in any of the evaluated times. There was no significant variation in the biochemical parameters. Conclusion: The results suggest that the storage of CSF samples for 12 hours at room temperature does not significantly compromise clinical interpretation. Future studies are still required in order to evaluate the behavior of these parameters in samples of cell counts closer to boundered values.
Assessment of health nutrition and immunisation status amongst under -5 children in migratory brick klin population of periurban Kolkata India.

Background: Migration is a common phenomena to almost all countries and communities including India. Brick kiln industry with 50000 kilns is one of the major sectors that employs large number of low caste and tribal seasonal migrants. Children with high morbidity and mortality are the most vulnerable group among migrants and need special care. Therefore the present study was under taken with the following objectives: I) To study the health nutrition and immunization status of under-five children among brick kiln migrant population. II) To determine the different risk factors and their association with nutritional status of the study population. Methods: It was a Cross-sectional Observational Community based study in the brick kilns of periurban Kolkata along the eastern banks of the river Hooghly India. House to house visit Clinical examination and Anthropometric measurements of the under five children and interview of the adult care-givers with a pre-designed pre-tested proforma. Results: The prevalence of underweight wasting and stunting amongst the study population were 64.9% 20.3% and 64.9% respectively proportion of exclusively breast fed children was only 18.1% and no children was found fully immunized. Acute Respiratory Infections Improper immunization socioeconomic status and not practising exclusive breast feeding were identified as risk factors of under nutrition. Conclusion: Special emphasis should be given for provision of health care services and promotion and protection of optimal infant feeding practices for the improvement of nutritional as well as health status of the children.
Is There a Relation between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and ADHD and Severity of ADHD in Children and Adolescents? A Case-Control Study

Calismamizda cocuk ve ergenlerde tip 1 diyabetes mellitus (DM) ile dikkat eksikligi hiperaktivite bozuklugu (DEHB) ve DEHB siddetiyle iliskinin arastirilmasini amacladik. Calismaya 6-18 yas arasi, tip 1 DM tanisi ile takip edilen olgular (n:80) ve saglikli cocuklar (n:80) alindi. Katilimcilara DSM-5( Amerikan Psikiyatri Birligi Ruhsal Bozukluklarin Tanisal ve istatistiksel El Kitabi'nin besinci baskisi) tani olcutlerinin goz onunde bulunduruldugu psikiyatrik degerlendirme, bilgi formu, Okul Cagi Cocuklari (6-18) icin Duygulanim Bozukluklari ve Şizofreni Gorusme Cizelgesi - Şimdi ve Yasam Boyu sekli - Turkce Uyarlamasinin(CDŞG-ŞY-T) DEHB ile ilgili kismi, DuPaul DEHB olcegi, Conners Ogretmen Derecelendirme Olcegi(CODO) ve Conners aile Derecelendirme Olcegi (CADO) uygulandi. Iki grup DEHB ve DEHB siddeti acisindan karsilastirildi. Tip 1 DM tanili olgularin 16’si, kontrol grubundan ise 5’i DEHB tanisi aldi ve vaka grubunda DEHB tanisi orani daha yuksek cikti (Ki-Kare p<0,05). DEHB olcek puanlari arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli farklilik bulundu. Olgu grubunda DEHB tanisi alanlarin HbA1c ortalamalari, almayanlara gore daha yuksekti (p=0,020). Olgu grubunda DEHB tanisi alanlarin HbA1c ile CODO dikkat kismi disindaki tum olcek puan parametreleri, DEHB tanisi almayanlara gore daha yuksek bulundu (p=0,020). Olgu grubunda DEHB’li olanlarin, olmayanlara gore diyabet tanisi ile gecirilen sure, hastaneye yatis sayisi ve ketoasidoz atak sayilari daha fazlaydi (p<0.05). Calismamizda DEHB tanisi acisindan kontrol ve olgu gruplari arasinda anlamli fark vardi ve DEHB ile tip 1 DM arasinda bir iliski olmasi muhtemeldir. Bu iliskinin net bir sekilde aciklanabilmesi icin daha ayrintili ve ileri calismalara ihtiyac vardir.
Disaster Reanimatology Potentials: A Structured Interview Study in Armenia. III. Results, Conclusions, and Recommendations

Abstract National medical responses to catastrophic disasters have failed to incorporate a resuscitation component. Purpose: This study sought to determine the lifesaving potentials of modern resuscitation medicine as applied to a catastrophic disaster situation. Previous articles reported the preliminary results (I), and methodology (II) of a structured, retrospective interview study of the 1988 earthquake in Armenia. The present article (III) reports and discusses the definitive findings, formulates conclusions, and puts forth recommendations for future responses to catastrophic disasters anywhere in the world. Results: Observations include: 1) The lack of adequate construction materials and procedures in the Armenian region contributed significantly to injury and loss of life; 2) The uninjured, lay population together with medical teams including physicians in Armenia were capable of rapid response (within two hours); 3) Due to a lack of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) training for medical teams and of basic first-aid training of the lay public, and scarcity of supplies and equipment for extrication of casualties, they were unable to do much at the scene. As a result, an undetermined number of severely injured earthquake victims in Armenia died slowly without the benefit of appropriate and feasible resuscitation attempts. Recommendations: 1) Widespread adoption of seismic-resistant building codes for regions of high seismic risk; 2) The lay public living in these regions should be trained in life-supporting first-aid (LSFA) and basic rescue techniques; 3) Community-wide emergency medical services (EMS) systems should be developed world-wide (tai-lored to the emergency needs of each region) with ATLS capability for field resuscitation; 4) Such systems be prepared to extend coverage to mass casualties; 5) National disaster medical system (NDMS) plans should provide integration of existing trauma-EMS systems into regional systems linked with advanced (heavy) rescue (public works, fire, police); and 6) New techniques and devices for victim extrication should be developed to enable rapid extrication of earthquake casualties within 24 hours.
The Relationship between Professional Exam Performance and Certain Demographic Characteristics of Jordanian Certified Public Accountants Candidates

This study aims to measure the effects of certain demographic factors that may determine the likelihood of passing the Jordanian Certified Public Accountants exam. The researcher used Logistic Binary Regression Analysis to examine the relationship between the result of the exam (pass or fail) as the dependent variable and certain demographic attributes as the independent variables which encompasses: experience, university performance designation, Universities, and area of specialization. Results of the study revealed that university performance, area of specialization, Jordanian and other universities graduates, are significant variables that increase the likelihood of passing the unified JCPA exam.
Diving experience and emotional factors related to the psychomotor effects of nitrogen narcosis.

Simple and complex psychomotor performance were tested among 21 Navy divers under normal conditions and during nitrogen narcosis in simulated dives to 170 ft of sea water. Complex psychomotor performance was impaired significantly during narcosis, while simple psychomotor performance remained essentially normal. Differences between baseline scores for complex psychomotor performance (pre- and post-dive combined) and scores obtained from the two combined testing sessions administered during narcosis were correlated with official Navy records of diving experience and self-reported moods. None of the diving experience measures was associated significantly with these difference scores. The moods of Fatigue and Happiness were, however, correlated significantly with impairment. These results indicate that, although previous experience with nitrogen narcosis and diving tasks do not mediate the performance effects of nitrogen narcosis, the complex psychomotor effects nitrogen narcosis are related to emotional traits. Language: en
Anthropometric and genetic factors associated with the exposure of rifampicin and isoniazid in Mexican patients with tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) remains a critical infectious, contagious disease worldwide with high prevalence and mortality rate. The directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) therapy includes rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) for at least 6 months. The purposes of this scheme are to interrupt the transmissibility of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and to avoid secondary complications. Low plasma concentrations of these anti-TB drugs have been associated with extended treatment duration, therapeutic failure and relapse. The determination of anthropometric, genetic and clinical variables that may affect plasma concentrations of RMP and INH might facilitate the detection of patients at increased risk of therapeutic failure. METHODS A prospective observational study was performed in patients with TB diagnosis. A fixed-dose combined formulation was administered following clinical guidelines, and 12 venous blood samples were collected within 24 hours postdose for the quantification of plasma levels of RMP and INH by HPLC-UV. The plasma concentrations versus time for each drug in each patient were assessed by a noncompartmental approach to obtain Cmax, and the area under the concentration-time curve to the last observation point (AUC0-24 h) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule. Genetic polymorphisms of the enzyme involved in INH metabolism (NAT2) and proteins involved in RMP transport (MDR1 and OATP1B1) were determined. RESULTS A total of 34 patients between 18 and 72 years old with the diagnosis of TB were included in the current study. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the anthropometric and genetic characteristics that modified the Cmax and AUC0-24 h of RMP and INH. Results indicated that RMP Cmax and AUC0-24 h were affected by sex, dose/weight and SNP of MDR1. In addition, age, body mass index (BMI) and NAT2 acetylator genotype were shown to determine the Cmax and AUC0-24 h for INH. CONCLUSIONS Anthropometric, genetic and dosage characteristics of Mexican TB patients are an important source of risk for subtherapeutic plasma concentrations of anti-TB drugs. Factors such as lower-than-recommended RMP dose, male TB patients and MDR1 3435 genotype, in addition to age group, BMI, and INH acetylator phenotype based on NAT2 genotype, should be considered during treatment.
Mothers’ Satisfaction with Nursing Care in a Children’s Hospital

Background and Aims: Assessment of patient and parent satisfaction with nursing care is a method for evaluation of quality of care in hospitals. The aim of this study is to determine the level of mothers’ satisfaction with nursing care in Tabriz children hospital. Material & Methods: It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. A total of 168 mothers of children hospitalized in different wards of Tabriz children hospital were recruited by convenience sampling. Data was collected by Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales (NSNS) and analyzed by Regression coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, and T test using SPSS-PC (v. 11). Results: The mean score of mothers ’ overall satisfaction was 74.77±18.65. The items with lowest level of satisfaction were “nurses’ helping to calm and assure the parents and relatives”, “the kind of information given by nurses to the mothers”, and “nurses rapidity when they were called by mothers” respectively. Mothers were most satisfied with nurses’ helpfulness (4.41±0.81). Mothers ’ satisfaction was not significantly correlated to their age, level of education, job, Childs' gender, age, number of hospitalizations, and health status at the time of discharge (P> 0.05). Mothers ’ satisfaction was significantly correlated with their experiences of nursing care (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results emphasize the importance of supporting patients’ relatives and giving information to parents concerning caring for their hospitalized children.
Central nervous system manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus patients in the antiretroviral therapy era - Scenario from a developing country

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) infections associated with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has decreased markedly in the developed countries. However, the scenario is different in Indian patients and is not unusual to have CNS infections as their initial presentation. Considering this, we undertook this study to look at the incidence of CNS manifestations in HIV infected patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the Departments of Medicine and Neurology in Christian Medical College Ludhiana, a tertiary teaching institution in North West India. All the HIV infected patients with Central nervous system manifestations who presented to our institution from 1st April 2009 to 31st of March 2014 were included in the study. The demographic and clinical profile along with the outcome of these patients was studied. Results: There were 280 patients diagnosed during this 5 year period, 43(15%) of who had CNS manifestations. The male: female ratio was 5:1. Majority of them were in the age group of 31 to 50 years of age (68.89%). In 72% of patients CNS manifestations were the initial manifestation of HIV infection.The CNS manifestations noted were cryptococcal meningitis in 20, toxoplasmosis in 3, CNS tuberculosis in 11, PMLE in 6, ischemic stroke in 4 and Diffuse B cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) with aseptic meningitis in 1. Conclusions: Even though in the era of HAART the incidence of CNS manifestations has decreased, CNS manifestations continue to be the presenting symptom for HIV infection in over 16% of the cases.
Assessing attitudes toward euthanasia

هلاقم ي يشهوژپ هديكچ زاناتا ي ي اپ ا ي گدنز هب ناسآ نداد نا ي ي ب ک ي اپ رام ي نا ي گنا ثحب زا ، ي رتز ي ن عوضوم ياه قلاخا ي نادـنچ علاطا هک تسا ي شرـگن زا هعماج ي ا ي ن تسد رد نآ هب نار ي تس . تخا رد ي رازبا نتشاد را ياه اپ و اور ي ا يم ت دناو ا رد شهوژپ ي مز ن ي هست ار هن ي دنک ل . رضاح شهوژپ يسررب و نايوجشناد زا يهورگ رد يزاناتا شريذپ نازيم شجنس فده اب يياور و يياياپ دـش ماـجنا يزاـناتا هب شرگن سايقم . ۴۳۷ تواضق رب هولاع وجشناد هرابرد ي يزاناتا ندوب يقلاخا ) قم هب خساپ ي ذپ سا ي زاناتا شر ي ( رگن سايقم هب ، دـنداد خـساپ يزاناتا هب ش . هداد ليلحت يارب اه صخاش زا ياه و يلماع ليلحت هلمج زا يطابنتسا و يفيصوت رامآ يياور دش هدافتسا ارگمه . هداد ليلحت اه داد ناشن اهنت ۹ / ۲۷ دصرد تكرش ناگدننك دنقفاوم يزاناتا اب . يوق يزاناتا شريذپ تـشاد يـقلاخا تاـظحلام اب ار هطبار نيرت . لحت يلماـع لـي راتخاس ،يزاناتا هب شرگن سايقم ي ار يلماع هس دييأت درک . اب ربارب ،سايقم خابنورک يافلآ ۸۸ / ۰ هرـمن اـب نآ يگتسبمه و ي شريذـپ اب ربارب يزاناتا ۵۴ / ۰ ناشن هک دوب هدنهد ي يياياپ و ينورد يياور تسا سايقم يارگمه . هتفاي ربانب ياه شهوژپ ، شيب رت وجشناد ي اـب نا اتا دنفلاخم يزان و تفلاخم نآ اه م زا ي ح راهچ نا ي هط ي زاناتا هب شرگن ي ، يقلاخا تاظحلام اب شيب رـت تـسا . مـه نيـنچ ، هـتفاي ياـه هخسن داد ناشن شهوژپ ي تسا يزاناتا هب شرگن شجنس يارب ربتعم يرازبا ،يزاناتا هب شرگن سايقم يسراف . لک ناگژاو ي د ي : کشزپ قلاخا ي ا هب شرگن ،يزاناتا ، يزانات
Expectation Propagation Detector for Extra-Large Scale Massive MIMO

The order-of-magnitude increase in the dimension of antenna arrays, which forms extra-large-scale massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, enables substantial improvement in spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, and spatial resolution. However, practical challenges, such as excessive computational complexity and excess of baseband data to be transferred and processed, prohibit the use of centralized processing. A promising solution is to distribute baseband data from disjoint subsets of antennas into parallel processing procedures coordinated by a central processing unit. This solution is called subarray-based architecture. In this work, we extend the application of expectation propagation (EP) principle, which effectively balances performance and practical feasibility in conventional centralized MIMO detector design, to fit the subarray-based architecture. Analytical results confirm the convergence of the proposed iterative procedure and that the proposed detector asymptotically approximates Bayesian optimal performance under certain conditions. The proposed subarray-based EP detector is reduced to centralized EP detector when only one subarray exists. In addition, we propose additional strategies for further reducing the complexity and overhead of the information exchange between parallel subarrays and the central processing unit to facilitate the practical implementation of the proposed detector. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed detector achieves numerical stability within few iterations and outperforms its counterparts.
Evaluating Explainers via Perturbation

Due to high complexity of many modern machine learning models such as deep convolutional networks, understanding the cause of model's prediction is critical. Many explainers have been designed to give us more insights on the decision of complex classifiers. However, there is no common ground on evaluating the quality of different classification methods. Motivated by the needs for comprehensive evaluation, we introduce the c-Eval metric and the corresponding framework to quantify the explainer's quality on feature-based explainers of machine learning image classifiers. Given a prediction and the corresponding explanation on that prediction, c-Eval is the minimum-power perturbation that successfully alters the prediction while keeping the explanation's features unchanged. We also provide theoretical analysis linking the proposed parameter with the portion of predicted object covered by the explanation. Using a heuristic approach, we introduce the c-Eval plot, which not only displays a strong connection between c-Eval and explainers' quality, but also serves as a low-complexity approach of assessing explainers. We finally conduct extensive experiments of explainers on three different datasets in order to support the adoption of c-Eval in evaluating explainers' performance.
Alteraciones histopatológicas placentarias en la hipertensión gestacional

Background: Preeclampsia develops after a partial disorder in the process of placental formation, perhaps due to a deficiency of the trophoblast invasion by its spiral arteries and acute aterosis in its miometrial segments. It has not been reported if these changes also appear in placentas of women with gestational hypertension without proteinuria. Objective: To describe histopathological changes in the placenta of patients with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in 138 patients divided into three groups: 46 with normotensive pregnancy (A group or control), 46 with gestational hypertension (group B), and 46 with preeclampsia (group C). There were registered sociodemographic and clinical variables; and the histopathological study of the placenta was performed. Mean, standard error and percentages were used. We calculated analysis of variance for comparing groups and linear regression for determining correlation between histopathological changes and blood pressure (it was assigned an α value of 0.05). Results: There were more histopathological changes in groups of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia compared with controls (p < 0.01). Most frequent changes in all groups were: sincitial hyperplasia and fibrin deposits around the villi. There was correlation between histopathological changes and blood pressure (r = 0.27, p < 0.01). Conclusion: There are more histopathological changes in placentas of women with hypertensive disease; number of histopathological changes is correlated with the severity of hypertension.
Randomized study of rituximab in patients with relapsed or resistant follicular lymphoma prior to high-dose therapy as in vivo purging and to maintain remission following high-dose therapy.

8005 Background: To evaluate the effects of in vivo purging with rituximab 375 mg/m2 weekly × 4 (RP) and maintenance rituximab 375 mg/m2 every 3 months for 2 years (RM) on progression free survival (PFS) in patients with relapsed follicular NHL (rFL) undergoing high-dose therapy with BEAM conditioning. Methods: From Oct 1999 to Apr 2006, 280 of a planned 420 patients with rFL in first (n=16), second (n= 222) or third remission (n=41) who achieved either a complete remission (n=83) or a very good partial remission (n=196) to induction chemotherapy, with limited bone marrow infiltration (<25% B-lymphocytes) underwent a single randomisation in a 2x2 design to RP and RM, n = 69; RP, n = 72; RM, n = 69; No R n = 70. Results: PFS at 5 years was 54.3% versus 47.8% for in vivo purging versus none (logrank PFS; p=0.20; HR 1.23, 95%CI: 0.89 - 1.72). PFS at 5 years was 58.8% versus 42.6% in patient receiving R maintenance versus none (logrank PFS; p=0.02; HR 1.50, 95%CI: 1.07 - 2.09). PFS at 5 years was 54.8% versus.