Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Monosodium Glutamate Induced Neurotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive with a wide use in modern nutrition. The Current research concerned with studying the toxic effects of MSG on rats cerebrum and kidneys. Thirty six adult male albino rats were divided into three groups (each containing 12 rats); negative control group, positive control group (received 2 ml saline orally for 28 days) and MSG group (received 830 mg/ Kg. B. wt orally for the same period). Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, urine analysis for urinary albumin excretion and histopathological examination for cerebrum, kidneys were examined in all groups. The results showed marked increase in the serum creatinine, BUN levels in MSG group as compared to control group. These changes were accompanied with a significant increase in the urinary excretion of albumin. These alterations were accompanied by variable histopathological changes of the examined cerebral and renal tissues. There were neurogenerative changes in the form of vacuolization, pyknosis, satellitosis and chroidal plexus congestion in the cerebral cortex. The renal tissue showed swelling in the lining endothelium of the glomeruli associated focal areas of glomerular atrophy. There was also hydropic degeneration of the tubules with tubular dilatation and hyaline casts. The inter-tubular spaces showed dilatation and congestion of the cortical blood vessels with focal hemorrhage between the tubules. Moreover MSG treatment induced up regulation of Bax protein in all examined tissues as compared to control rats indicating that MSG induced apoptosis. In conclusion, the results confirmed the neurotoxic and nephrotoxic effects of MSG, where Bax protein appeared to have a pivotal role in MSG induced apoptosis in these organs. [Marwa A. Abass and Manal. R. Abd El-Haleem Evaluation of Monosodium Glutamate Induced Neurotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats. Journal of American Science 2011;7(8):264-276]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org.
USER PARTICIPATION ON SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT, USER COMPETENCE AND TOP MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE SUCCESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM ( EMPIRICAL

: This study is conducted to determine how big the influence of user participation in the system development, user competence and top management commitment on the success of the implementation of accounting information system at Islamic bank in Bandung. The purpose of this research is expected to help develop knowledge and solve problems.The research method used is explanatory research through questionnaire distribution . The simultaneously –a tested result indicates that user participation in system development, user competence and top management commitment significantly affects the success of the implementation of the accounting information system. While partially, user participation and user competence significantly affects the success of the implementation of accounting information system while top management commitment does not give any influence.
Extraction and characterisation of oil from Delonix regia seeds

The characteristic of Delonix regia seed oil was investigated with a view to establish its suitability for use as feedstock the production of biodiesel. The seeds were removed from the Delonix regia pods and boiled for 30minutes to enhance the easy removal of the seed coat and extraction of oil from the seeds. The boiled seeds were dehulled, sundried and milled using a Burr mill. The Delonix regia seed oil was extracted and characterized using the Soxhlet extractor and standard methods respectively. The results showed that the Delonix regia seed oil contains 29.0%. The density (kg/m 3 ), flash point ( o C), kinematic viscosity at 40 o C (mm 2 /s) are 0.942, 201.30 and 43.75 respectively. The Saponification value (mg KOH/g), iodine value (g/100) value, acid value (mg KOH/g) and free fatty acid (mg KOH/g) for the Delonix regia seed oil are 213.48, 127.92, 1.97 and 0.985 respectively. The higher acid value, viscosity and flash point make it unsuitable for direct use in combustion engines without further processing. It can be concluded that the low saponification value and higher molecular weight will make Delonix regia seed oil suitable for use as biodiesel feedstock.
Medical students' preference for choice of clinical specialties: A multicentre survey in Nigeria

Background: The important goal of undergraduate medical training is to train doctors who would undergo further training to become specialists in various fields of clinical medicine. The admission into the specialty training programame depends largely on the pool of undergraduate medical students who have passed qualifications exams and are willing to choose and undergo training in a given clinical specialty. There are many factors considered by medical students when they make up their minds to choose a clinical specialty. This study seeks to determine the medical student preference for the clinical specialty and the factors that they consider in making such choice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire based multicentre study in 3 accredited medical training institutions in Nigeria. Final year medical students who were willing to participate in the study filled out the questionnaires for fifteen minutes. Information on their age, gender, specialty of preference and reason for choosing a particular clinical specialty were sought. Results: A total of 187 final year students took part in the study. Most of the students where in 21 – 30 year age range. Obstetrics and Gynaecology (24.9%), Surgery (18.9%), Internal medicine (14.1%) and Paediatics (8.1%), where the top clinical specialties preferred by the respondents. The less preferred specialties where Pathology (2.7%), radiology (1.1%) ophthalmology (4.3%), ENT (0%). Personal liking (51.9%), society perception (13.0%), financial reward (8.1%); where the most considered reasons for the choice of specialty. Conclusion: Medical students prefer to choose core-clinical specialty based on personal liking, financial reward and society perception. Keyword: Medical Students' Preference; Clinical Specialties; Nigeria
Evaluation of organoleptic and biochemical status of the Fish, Cyprinus carpio at different storage temperatures

The global demands compel a consistent food supply that too in good quality. These demands are fulfilled by the intensive aquaculture practices in particular to provide enormous quantities of protein rich food. Fish reaches the consumers either in fresh or processed conditions. The advantage of preservation is to reduce wastage of fresh products, extends the shelf life, develops, value added products and to provide convenient preferable forms. Most of the sensory and biochemical indices are the reflection of the extent of microbial spoilage. In organoleptic evaluation the skin appearance and colour decreased in time dependent manner, texture of body was loosed and odour was increased due to increment of storage period at room temperature. The proximate composition of fish fillets reduced during storage period at room temperature. The fish muscle carbohydrate, protein and fat contents were reduced 50%, 30% and 30% respectively in one day room temperature storage fish but the level of proximate composition not much affected in fish stored at -80C. Critically reviewing the above points, the present study was taken up to assess the natural sequence of changes occurring during spoilage of fillets during storage at various temperature viz., room, refrigerator, -20 and -80C. Evaluation of organoleptic and biochemical constituents are carried out after storage treatment. The assessment of spoilage was carried out on the basis of organoleptic scores, biochemical status of the fish or fish fillets. Biochemical analyses include determination of protein, lipid and carbohydrate.
Utilization of high quality weaning formulae as dietary therapies of protein energy malnutrition

High quality weaning formulae SGMC and SMC (20% protein diets) prepared from available and affordable plants (soya bean, groundnut, maize, and fluted pumpkin green leaves) and animal sources (milk, catfish, and crayfish) were used in rehabilitating kwashiorkor-induced wistar albino rats in a comparative study. The experimental design for the treatment of kwashiorkor was a single factor, Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Administration of the weaning formulae to the kwashiokorinduced rats, caused a reversal of the earlier observed decreases in the parameters [White blood cell count (WBCTotal), True Digestibility (TD%) and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER)], measured, in order of consecutive significant increase (p<0.05) as follows: SGMM<Rd<SGMC/SMC; The growth performance change in live weight and Liver weight [SGMM/Rd<SGMC/SMC]. The aspartate amino transferase (AST) enzyme activity, differed significantly (p<0.05) in order of sequential increase as follows: SGMM>Rd>SGMC/SMC. Results were recorded as values of mean ± S.D unit, of the SGMC/SMC diet groups, as follows: growth performance: (90.4 ± 0.5/87.0 ± 2.84 g), Liver weight (10.77 ± 1.05/10.47 ± 1.01 g), WBCTotal (5156.12 ± 60.3/5150. 2 ± 59.03 mm 3 ), AST: (11.1 ± 0.05/10.95 ± 0.05 U/l), TD%: (97.0 ± 0.06/96.0 ± 0.07%), and PER: (2.44 ± 0.10/2.45 ± 0.16). The regressions, and correlation between growth performance (grams) and PER of the SGMC and SMC diet groups, were significant (p<0.05), with Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficients of 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. SGMC and SMC weaning formulae achieved the most rapid catch-up growth rates in the kwashiorkor-induced rats, and serve as prophylaxis and dietary therapy of protein energy malnutrition.
Analysis of Tubular Structures in 3-D CT Images Using Parallelizable Segmentation

— Tubular structures, such as vasculatures, pulmonary airways, nervous systems and bile ducts, are common in medical images. The anatomical studies and the corresponding disease diagnosis require well-coordinated efforts of image segmentation, topological descriptions, and geometrical quantization. Accurate measurements of the structural information can be conducive to performing any synergistic surgical planning, percutaneous access, or catheter-based interventions. Many automatic algorithms and procedures exist for extraction, analysis, and visualization for tubular structures in three-dimensional (3-D) images. Little work has been on effective cross-sectional analysis, which is essential for valid medical and clinical examinations of those structures. In this paper, we propose an approach that employs a unidirectional and parallelizable region growing method that is efficient and robust to create cross sections (CS) perpendicular to the centrelines of the tubular structures. The method is independent of how the centrelines are generated, either by skeletonization or by the other medial-line tracking schemes. We addressed computationally separable, unidirectional, and parallelizable properties of the proposed approach. The experimental results of 3-D CT images show the proposed approach is less computation-intensive and requests less processing memory than that of traditional methods, and is especially useful for large-scale and complex tubular structures.
Specifics of Self-Regulation in Gifted Adolescents

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the development level of such regulatory skills, as “goal-setting”, “planning”, “modelling” and “results’ evaluation” in gifted adolescents. In order to evaluate the regulatory skills in adolescents, we developed and standardized activity-oriented tasks that allowed assessing specifically the defined skills, rather than the self-esteem of their presence. Considering the age specifics of the participants, the tasks were ranged according to their difficulty: for 12-13-year-old adolescents (students of 6-7 grades), and for 14-16-year-old adolescents (students of 8-9 grades). For the first time, we revealed and described the specifics of functioning of the conscious activity self-regulation system in the gifted adolescents. We described the defects of self-regulation in the functional segments and possibilities of their compensation.
Modeling of Power Line Communications for Indoor System Using MIMO coding scheme

: The need to study broadband Power Line Communications (PLC) for indoor use is becoming essential with the spread of broadband technologies. This paper aims at modeling the broadband PLC channel based on indoor applications considering multipath fading andusing Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) coding technique with its channel estimation to achieve better performance. In particular, the BER performance using the FIR filter model and the Rayleigh fading model for the PLC channel is evaluated and compared. The performance of orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC) with code rates 1, ½ and ¾ with BPSK modulation in an indoor PLC channel corrupted with impulsive, narrowband and background noises is presented. The effect of increasing space-time diversity as a means to overcome the hostile nature of the PLC channel is also investigated. Moreover, the improvement in BER performance and throughput with less complex coding is shown as compared to previous works. The simulations have been carried out usingthe MATLAB environment.
Primary Bone Burkitt’s like Lymphoma of the Skull Mimicking Meningioma-Case Report and Review of Literature

Primary Bone Lymphoma of the skull is extremely rare and has a variable clinical course and prognosis. We are describing a case of a 26 year old woman who presented with a 2 year history of intermittent scalp swelling and skull pain. Brain MRI showed thickening of the bilateral frontal bones and band thickening of the underlying meninges suggestive of band meningiomatosis. Patient was presumably diagnosed with a meningioma based on radiological findings and underwent resection; however, pathology was consistent with a B-cell lymphoma with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. A PET CT scan showed sacral bone hypermetabolic lesion which was biopsied and consistent with same lymphoma features. She received chemotherapy with Rituximab and Hyper-CVAD protocol (Table 1) and had a sustained ongoing complete remission 19 months after her initial diagnosis. Several cases of primary lymphoma of the skull or cranial vault have been described in the literature, but only one other case with the same pathology of Burkittlike lymphoma was found.
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Among Female Students of a Tertiary Institution in Southeast Nigeria

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common bacterial infections in humans. Asymptomatic bacteriuria has been observed to be a strong criterion for urinary tract infections, it is therefore a means of predicting UTI. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among female students of Imo State University Owerri (IMSU), a tertiary institution in southeast Nigeria. Mid stream urine specimens were collected from 253 apparently healthy asymptomatic undergraduate female students of IMSU between ages of 17 and 26 who were randomly sampled. Each specimen was cultured on CLED and MacConkey agar, incubated overnight at 370C. Bacteria isolates were characterized and identified based on conventional microbiological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion method according to performance standards of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. The results showed that, the total prevalence rate of bacteriuria was 13.8% with the highest rate occurring in students within age group of 20-22 (8.3%). Out of the 253 urine specimens cultured, a total of 35 bacteria isolates were identified comprising Escherichia coli (37.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (20.7%), Klebsiella pneumonia (17.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.8%) and Proteus mirabilis (10.3%). All isolates tested were 100% susceptible to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and gentamicin but showed 100% resistance to amoxycillin and cotrimaoxazole. Proteus mirabilis were 100% sensitive to all antibiotics except cotrimaoxazole and amoxycillin. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli exhibited multidrug resistance to antibiotics belonging to ≥ 4 antibiotic classes. Escherichia coli was the most common bacteria for asymptomatic bacteriuria in female university undergraduates in this study. Statistical analysis showed that bacteriuria rate among the students residing in different hostels was not significantly different in any of the sampled hostels P<0.05. The incidence of the bacteriuria in a healthy population is of significant public health concern, thus, education and awareness on the need for proper personal hygiene should be encouraged.
Comparative Study of Different Flexures of MEMS Accelerometers

There is a greater demand for developing a monolithic 3axis accelerometer. The main challenges for deve loping a 3-axis accelerometer arethe size factor, realizin g z-axis sensing, and decoupling the motions of the structure in thre e mutually perpendicular directions. With this motivation, we a n lyze structures using different flexures and evaluate th eir compliance and natural frequencies in three orthogonal directi ons. In this paper, the analytical and numerical study of differ nt flexures such as straight-beam flexures, crab-leg flexures, erpentine flexures, and folded flexures is done. First, the co ncept of lumped parameter is described in brief, then numerical sim ulation of flexures is done using software ANSYS. Finally, a com parison of the analytical and numerical results is presented.
Treatment Outcomes among Patients Treated With Category II Anti-tuberculosis Regimen: Short Review

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, especially in developing and underdeveloped nations. To add to the burden, drug resistant TB is on the rise and India is handling the dual burden of drug sensitive TB and resistant TB. Previously treated TB cases when compared to the newly diagnosed, have poor treatment success rates and nearly seven times higher incidence of multi drug resistant TB. Proper management of patients treated with Category-II anti-tuberculous treatment (ATT) can result in decrease in emergence of drug resistant bacilli and interruption of disease transmission. Very few studies have reported the treatment outcomes of re-treatment cases and the associated factors in the literature. Favourable outcome rates are highly variable among the failure, relapse and default subgroups. There are many challenges faced by the treating physicians in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of the re-treatment cases. This review describes the outcomes of patients treated with Category-II ATT and the challenges in managing the previously treated cases successfully. Relapse type of retreatment cases had better success rates compared to other subgroups.
A Theoretical Model for predicting the mean Droplet Diameter in Spray based on the linear Stability Analysis

The prediction of the droplets size in spray is one of the most challenge problems in hydrodynamics applications. In the present paper, a theoretical model for predicting the volume mean diameter of droplets (MDD model) produced by the atomization of cylindrical liquid jet is developed and validated by the experimental measurements. This work is motivated by the desire to predict the mean droplet diameter in sprays according to the nozzle operating conditions. The proposed model is based on the modification of the linear theory formulation coupled with a criterion concerning the drop formation. The first step of the model consists of solving a modified form of the dispersion equation, known as wave-breakup model, obtained by Reitz and Bracco (1982) derived from the linearization of the Navier-Stokes equations. Following, a simple equation to predict the volume mean droplet diameter from the instability analysis is developed. An iterative technique is adopted to search for the maximum value of the growth rate over the possible ranges of the disturbance wavelength. A simple relation is suggested to estimate the resulting average diameter of the droplets as a function of the nozzle diameter and the most-unstable dimensionless wave number corresponding to the maximum growth rate. The present theoretical model is validated by comparing the theoretical results with the experimental measurements for a set of selected nozzles at different operating conditions. Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) is used for measuring both the size of droplets n water sprays with a measuring point located near enough to the nozzle tip in order to capture the initially formed droplets just after the atomization. The performed comparison showed a good agreement between the theoretically predicted volume mean diameter of spray droplets and the corresponding experimental measurements. Keywords— Atomization process, breakup model, droplet diameter, instability analysis, spray experiments.
Relation of osteopontine levels in plasma and synovial fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis to magnetic resonance imaging findings of the knee joint

Objective: to detect the levels in plasma and synovial fluid osteopontine (OPN) in patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA) and their relation to progressive joint damage as detected by plain radiography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and its impact on both functional status and disease severity. Design: 60 patients with primary knee OA and 60 healthy controls were included. Functional status was assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), pain was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale (KL) was used to assess radiological severity. MRI using magnetic resonance imaging osteoarthritis knee score (MOAKS score), levels of plasma and synovial fluid OPN were measured. Results: Mean synovial fluid and plasma OPN of OA patients was 218.4 ± 37.7 and 136.67 ± 35.1. Plasma OPN was significantly higher in OA than control (p<0.0001). Significant positive correlation between serum and synovial OPN in OA patients (r=0.8, p<0.0001). Significant positive correlation between synovial fluid OPN and patients' age, disease duration, VAS, WOMAC, KL scale and parameters of MOAKS score. Significant positive correlation between plasma OPN and body mass index (BMI), VAS, WOMAC and KL scale parameters of MOAKS score. OPN level were significantly higher in grade ӀV KL than other grades. Synovial fluid OPN and bone marrow lesion (BML) score were the determining predictors for the function status (p=0.003) for both and severity (p=0.004, p<0.0001). Plasma and synovial OPN show high specificity and sensitivity in relation to BML score as parameter of activity and cartilage loss score as parameter of chronicity. Conclusion: Plasma and synovial fluid OPN correlated with the clinical features, functional status, radiological features of Knee OA and severity MOAKS score. Synovial OPN can predict both functional impact and radiological severity in patients with knee OA.