Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Managerial Mistakes on Entrepreneurial Failures in Pakistan

In any economy entrepreneurship serves as a key fundamental activity. They serve majority of the niches in an economy and has a lot of potential to generate revenues from the aggregate perspective. However, entrepreneurial activities are not that much smooth. Failure levels are also as much as the new opportunities for the entrepreneurs. Some failures occur from unavoidable factors. On the other hand other failures occur from avoidable factors. A managerial mistake is one such factor. This article specifically takes into account the influence of the managerial mistakes on the entrepreneurial failures.The total numbers of participants in the sample size of this study were 150. All the participants from the sample were the entrepreneurs, doing business at different places at Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The results of the study were analyzed through frequency distribution, regression analysis and reliability of the collected data was checked Cronbach’s alpha value.The results of the study show that the managerial mistakes have key fundamental influence on entrepreneurial failures. This means that managerial mistakes serve as key predictors of entrepreneurial failures. The results of the study are specifically analyzed on the basis of frequency distribution and regression analysis. Both the results confirm this core influence of managerial mistakes on entrepreneurial failures.
Selected Factors Associated with Wrestling Success

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among total response times for two wrestling take down maneuvers, a strength test, and initial take down ability. Two response time measures of actual take down maneuvers used in wrestling and the 4-Item Total Proportional Strength Test were secured on 100 Illinois high school varsity wrestlers. These measures were compared to actual competitive initial take down performances based on 1029 individual matches and 815 initial take downs during the 1957–58 season. Wrestlers were divided into successful and unsuccessful groups on the criterion of having won a place in the sectional or state tournament. Significant differences beyond the 5 percent level of confidence in favor of successful wrestlers over unsuccessful wrestlers were found on right grip, left grip, and back lift strength measures. Both groups of wrestlers, however, when compared to three different scoring tables were rated average to below average on all strength measures. T.
A comprehensive approach to complex system product development : operations management tools applied to automotive design

The research is based on observations made over a two-year period with the Closures Systems Integrators or CSIs (supervisory engineers who coordinate attribute balance and system decisions for conflicting door attributes) at a North American automobile manufacturer, focusing on organizational and technical improvements in product development. The product development (PD) process for vehicle side doors forms the case study. A Design Structure Matrix model was made of the process by which important closures attributes are managed through PD, Stamping, Manufacturing and Plant Teams. The attribute delivery process is very tightly coupled with many interactions and conflicts between the attributes, and careful system integration and interface management are essential. The study highlights the need for standardized designs and processes to create time for these system-level tasks, along with better knowledge and resource management. Critical inputs for system attributes are identified and it is shown that a lot of rework occurs if these inputs are changed. The Datum Flow Chain method is developed as a way to communicate data, help with assembly decisions and manage interfaces between component owners. An investigation of issues experienced at product launch shows that programs with CSIs have fewer designrelated problems during launch, but that CSIs still spend too much time on Design and Release-type tasks for components (instead of a system focus) and fire-fighting. An extensive organizational study reveals the need for more leverage and clearer roles and responsibilities of CSIs. Conclusions on the process are supported by a simulation model and interviews with CSIs and many other engineers. Simulation results also show that adherence to official product development schedules timing is inherently difficult due to the structure of the as-is PD process. A brief comparison to Toyota's closures design process is also part of the thesis but was not part of the project itself. Recommendations for improvement include a set of design tasks that should be standardized, types of analytical tools that should be developed and managerial practices to be followed. Thesis Supervisor and Co-Advisor: Daniel E Whitney, PhD Title: Senior Scientist, Center for Technology, Policy, & Industrial Development Thesis Co-Advisor: Janice A Klein, PhD Title: Senior Lecturer, Sloan School of Management
Embedded contexts of innovation: BIM adoption and implementation for a specialty contracting SME

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the radical innovation process behind the adoption and implementation of building information modelling (BIM) for a specialty contracting small or medium enterprise (SME). This paper offers two distinct perspectives on BIM adoption and implementation, which are underrepresented in the current literature: the SME perspective and the specialty contractor perspective. It also attempts to bridge the gap between the growing literature on BIM adoption and implementation and the established literature on innovation by developing the notion of embedded contexts in the innovation process. Design/methodology/approach – A mixed-method, longitudinal case study approach was used in this research project to study the evolution of the innovation process and its impact on the Organisation over time. The objectives of this research were to investigate and document the different factors mediating the BIM adoption and implementation process for the Organisation across various .
Evaluation of energy absorbing pliers underride guards for rear and side of large trucks

Accidents with heavy vehicles, especially in underride crashes, be it rear, side or frontal, are responsible for thousands of deaths all over the world. In many cases, these tragedies are consequences of not having effective underride guards mounted to the rear, side and front of the heavy vehicles. Lack of effective underride guards brings less compatibility making heavy vehicles more aggressive on roads. Several designs have been designed for energy absorbing underride guards. A new underride guard is developed based on the mechanical principle of simple pliers tool was conceived by Louis Otto Faber Schmutzler, SAE BRAZIL 1995. This research work describes nature of underrides, the design and analysis of two new guards for rear and side, vehicle behavior at different speeds and prevention of passenger compartment intrusion. With the advance in computer simulations, full finite element validated vehicle models are being analyzed for different impact scenarios. The main purpose of building the simulation models is to reduce the real time tests which are associated with significant cost. In this thesis, two new guards for rear and side are modeled using MSC-Patran and the performance of the guard in preventing passenger compartment intrusion is analyzed using LSDyna. A zero passenger compartment intrusion is achieved with the employment of the newly designed underride guards for rear and side of the trucks. The newly designed guard models are validated using FMVSS 223/224 regulations. The results are in good correlation with the experimental data for rear and the passenger compartment intrusions are reduced in the case of rear and side underride. The performance of the guard is studied at 30, 40 and 50 miles per hour.
Electricity Distribution Network Design

Distribution networks represent a huge capital investment. To make sensible decisions about their investments, electricity utilities need to form clear-cut design policies and adopt the most accurate systemdesign procedures. Customers' expectations of the reliability of supply continue to rise, market pressures on the design engineer are growing stronger, and the increasing use of computers has changed the entire approach to distribution system design. Technical innovations have presented the design engineer with the means to improve system efficiency. Electricity Distribution Network Design was the first book to be entirely devoted to the planning and design of modern distribution systems, as apposed to the more general aspects of transmission and generation. This second edition has updated its treatment of computer-based planning and reliability. It also covers the implications of international standards, network information systems and distribution automation. With comprehensive and up-to-date bibliographies at the end of each chapter, the book will be useful both for students and for practising engineers involved in distribution network design.
Electrical Resistivity Handbook

Part 1 Introduction: electronic conduction in solids pure metals metallic alloys dilute alloys concentrated alloys. Part 2 Measurement techniques: four probe methods temperature variation of resistivity eddy current methods step function methods periodically varying fields inductive techniques self inductance mutual inductance inductive techniques and temperature variations. Part 3 Explanation of graphs: data analysis catalogue system for materials material classification.
Boundaries, spaces and dialogue: learning to lead in an English primary school

This thesis investigates workplace learning for new and established leaders in an English primary school. The study uses an ethnographic linguistic approach to explore the workplace learning environment and develops a conceptual framework that examines boundary construction, performance spaces and genres of organizational talk. This framework draws on Hernes (2003) to assess organizational boundaries, sociological and psychological concepts which take account of space and a Bakhtinian theory of language to understand genres. Using this framework the study investigates the way that the five formal leaders of a 350 pupil semi-rural primary school are able to learn to lead as part of their working lives. The methods used included interviews, participant observation, concept mapping,group discussions and attendance at the INSET training days and management team meetings taking place within the school. The study took place over one school year (September to July). The study illuminates the ways in which learning to lead was dominated by the local environment. Planned learning within the school was related to the organizational concerns of the headteacher and her perceptions of vulnerability and risk associated with opening the boundaries around and within the school. The school was assessed as having a restrictive learning environment, using Fuller and Unwin’s (2003) expansive – restrictive continuum, but this planned strategy by the headteacher aimed to ensure that fast, immersive learning could take place. Use of a limited range of genres of organizational talk also shaped the way in which learning took place, privileging process knowledge (Eraut 2004). The thesis proposes that boundaries, spaces and genres need to be considered together when considering the workplace as a learning environment.
Observation of the coherent turbulent structure under breaking wave

Previous studies qualitatively sketched that relative larger coherent turbulent motions generated in the crest region would stretch downward into the trough level during propagation of breaking wave in the surf zone. This event further suggests that an instantaneous burst of turbulence intensity will occur locally in the path of the penetrating turbulent motion. To observe such a spatial depended turbulent structure, the internal flow field of spilling wave propagating on an inclined bottom slope of 1/20 was measured quantitatively by Particle Image Velocimetry. The ensemble average method is employed to decompose the mean flow and turbulent fluctuations by repeating the same experiment for twenty-five times in each Field of View (FOV). Seven FOVs were integrated for representing the global results, which covers the breaking wave from the outer to inner surf zones. The temporal and spatial evolutions of the coherent turbulent structure were examined and discussed. Results manifest that a relative large turbulent motion is initially organized in the wave crest of the bore-established region. As the wave crest passed, this turbulent structure will then stretch downward to the interior region of the water column. Two important dynamic turbulence transport terms, the turbulent convection and diffusion, were estimated to investigate the underline mechanism of the turbulence transport. It is found that the convection term is much significant to spread the turbulent structure from the wave crest to trough region.
Abdominal Characterization Test Under Lap Belt Loading

The phenomenon of submarining is of major interest in the design and optimization of restraint systems. A biofidelic finite element human body model can be more useful for investigating this phenomenon than the existing dummy. For the validation of finite element human body models, belt pull tests were performed to characterize thoracic and abdominal regions of the PMHS, and the 50%tile male Hybrid III dummy was tested for comparison with the PMHS. The spines of subjects were rigidly mounted to a test fixture through a mounting system to minimize the influence of the spinal motion during the test. The pelvis of the subjects were positioned close to the normal driving posture, but the torso angle was more reclined than the average driving posture due to the difficulty of adjusting the torso angle during the mounting process. This torso angle led to the belt being positioned more rearward with respect to anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) in the longitudinal direction. The subjects were loaded under lap belt only configurations with two levels of load limits, 1 kN and 3 kN. The lap belt was positioned in various vertical offsets with respect to ASIS and belt angles. The vertical offset of the belt from ASIS was determined based on volunteer test data. Belt pulling distance, belt cable force, spine reaction force, and belt kinematics were documented for the human body model validation. During the lap belt tests, both belt sliding over the pelvis and belt staying in front of the pelvis were observed, and a large amount of abdominal compression was observed during the submarining cases. After finishing the test series, autopsies were performed on the PMHS, and both PMHS showed no injuries in the abdominal region. One of the PMHS also showed a pelvic fracture at the iliac crest, but the PMHS had a pre-existing healed pelvic fracture at the same location. It was believed that this pre-existing fracture had not healed completely prior to death. Note that its ASIS region was intact so it should not have affected the occurrence of the submarining-like belt kinematics. Although only two PMHS were tested, the biomechanical responses collected through the belt pull test can be used to validate the computational human body model for further investigation on the submarining phenomenon.
Communication Technology: The New Media in Society

From the Publisher: The industrial nations of the world have become Information Societies. Advanced technologies have created a communication revolution, and the individual, through the advent of computers, has become an active participant in this process. The "human" aspect, therefore, is as important as technologically advanced media systems in understanding communication technology. The flagship book in the Series in Communication Technology & Society, Communication Technology introduces the history and uses of the new technologies and examines basic issues posed by interactive media in areas that affect intellectual, organization, and social life. Author and series co-editor Everett M. Rogers defines the field of communication technology with its major implications for researchers, students, and practitioners in an age of ever more advanced information exchange.
The Handbook of Research on Top Management Teams

Research. Corporate Governance Board of Directors Top Management Teams 2012: Examining the effects of acquired top management team turnover on firm Handbook of Strategy Process Research, edited by Franz Kellerman & Pietro. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Management and Human Resources o M. Keith The Handbook of Research on Top Management Teams. "The Determinants of Women's Involvement in Top Management Teams: P. Poutziouris, K. Smyrnios, S. Klein Family Business Research Handbook, Elgar.
Profiling behaviour: The social construction of categories in the detection of financial crime.

Profiles are knowledge constructs that represent and identify a data subject. While not a new phenomenon, the use of profiling has exploded and its ubiquity is likely to increase, as a result of the widespread adoption of monitoring technology. The literature on profile development tends to refer to the practice, the technique or the technology of profiling, separately. Little has been written on how the perspectives interact with each other and, ultimately, shape the emerging behaviour profile. In order to map out the elements that impact on behaviour profiling, this thesis uses organisational semiotics, enhanced with classification theory, for key constructs. The study views profilers as agents who interpret and act on available information according to particular sets of technical, formal and informal factors and who, in the presence of incomplete or ambiguous stimuli, may fill in or distort information. Furthermore, the thesis examines how the position of the interpreter in the profiling process influences the result of the exercise. A case study conducted in a British financial institution demonstrates how technical systems and profilers acting in particular contexts influence each other in a dialectical process, whereby the characteristics of the data available impact the analysts' ability to interpret an event and, at the same time, the analysts tend to look for in the data only what they consider conceivable. The discussion centres on the influence of the type of stimuli available, the relational context and the actions of individual profilers in shaping the emerging meaning, in the context of financial crime detection. In addition, it considers the role of technical, formal and informal systems to overcome eventual variances in meaning. The thesis extends the applicability of organisational semiotics with classification theory. Inspired by models of sequential encounters, the thesis provides a methodological contribution by developing a tool for the analysis of sequential meaning making processes. A practical contribution emerges from mapping the impact of the profilers' perceptions into the emerging profile, and by suggesting mechanisms for shaping those perceptions.
Cross-validated risk scores adaptive enrichment (CADEN) design

We propose a Cross-validated ADaptive ENrichment design (CADEN) in which a trial population is enriched with a subpopulation of patients who are predicted to benefit from the treatment more than an average patient (the sensitive group). This subpopulation is found using a risk score constructed from the baseline (potentially high-dimensional) information about patients. The design incorporates an early stopping rule for futility. Simulation studies are used to assess the properties of CADEN against the original (non-enrichment) cross-validated risk scores (CVRS) design that constructs a risk score at the end of the trial. We show that when there exists a sensitive group of patients, CADEN achieves a higher power and a reduction in the expected sample size, in comparison to the CVRS design. We illustrate the application of the design in two real clinical trials. We conclude that the new design offers improved statistical efficiency in comparison to the existing non-enrichment method, as well as increased benefit to patients. The method has been implemented in an R package caden.
Extending Memory Capacity in Consumer Devices with Emerging Non-Volatile Memory: An Experimental Study

The number and diversity of consumer devices are growing rapidly, alongside their target applications' memory consumption. Unfortunately, DRAM scalability is becoming a limiting factor to the available memory capacity in consumer devices. As a potential solution, manufacturers have introduced emerging non-volatile memories (NVMs) into the market, which can be used to increase the memory capacity of consumer devices by augmenting or replacing DRAM. Since entirely replacing DRAM with NVM in consumer devices imposes large system integration and design challenges, recent works propose extending the total main memory space available to applications by using NVM as swap space for DRAM. However, no prior work analyzes the implications of enabling a real NVM-based swap space in real consumer devices. In this work, we provide the first analysis of the impact of extending the main memory space of consumer devices using off-the-shelf NVMs. We extensively examine system performance and energy consumption when the NVM device is used as swap space for DRAM main memory to effectively extend the main memory capacity. For our analyses, we equip real web-based Chromebook computers with the Intel Optane SSD, which is a state-of-the-art low-latency NVM-based SSD device. We compare the performance and energy consumption of interactive workloads running on our Chromebook with NVM-based swap space, where the Intel Optane SSD capacity is used as swap space to extend main memory capacity, against two state-of-the-art systems: (i) a baseline system with double the amount of DRAM than the system with the NVM-based swap space; and (ii) a system where the Intel Optane SSD is naively replaced with a state-of-the-art (yet slower) off-the-shelf NAND-flash-based SSD, which we use as a swap space of equivalent size as the NVM-based swap space.
Resilient Interval Observer for Simultaneous Estimation of States, Modes and Attack Policies

This paper considers the problem of designing interval observers for hidden mode switched nonlinear systems with bounded noise signals that are compromised by false data injection and switching attacks. The proposed observer consists of three components: i) a bank of mode-matched observers, which simultaneously estimates the corresponding mode-matched continuous states and discrete states (modes), as well as learns a model of the unknown attack policy, ii) a mode observer that eliminates the incompatible modes based on a residual-based set-membership criterion, and iii) a global fusion observer that combines the outputs of i) and ii). Moreover, in addition to showing the correctness, stability and convergence of the mode-matched estimates, we provide sufficient conditions to guarantee that all false modes will be eliminated after sufficiently large finite time steps, i.e., the system is mode-detectable under the proposed observer.
LAION-400M: Open Dataset of CLIP-Filtered 400 Million Image-Text Pairs

Multi-modal language-vision models trained on hundreds of millions of image-text pairs (e.g. CLIP, DALL-E) gained a recent surge, showing remarkable capability to perform zero- or few-shot learning and transfer even in absence of per-sample labels on target image data. Despite this trend, to date there has been no publicly available datasets of sufficient scale for training such models from scratch. To address this issue, in a community effort we build and release for public LAION-400M, a dataset with CLIP-filtered 400 million image-text pairs, their CLIP embeddings and kNN indices that allow efficient similarity search.