Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Population-level public mental health intervention via interdisciplinary COVID-19 health crisis communication: how can occupational therapists contribute?

ABSTRACT The earliest stages of the COVID-19 pandemic posed risks to Malaysian mental health as isolating infection control measures intended to preserve public health and safety were contrarian to typical coping mechanisms for stress. This case report discusses how the Malaysian Health Coalition COVID-19 health crisis communications’ occupational therapy-led efforts have ventured to strike a balance between both: supporting Malaysian mental health and well-being alongside enabling maintenance of behaviours needed to control viral spread. Strategic leadership roles present an opportunity for occupational therapists to influence the integration of trauma-informed, occupation-focused mental health messages into health crisis communications in a culturally relevant manner. Furthermore, the population health approach to primary-level public health intervention through this medium can serve to amplify occupational therapists’ professional recommendations. This report can serve as an example to occupational therapists looking to expand their practices into public mental health, particularly those working with culturally collectivist populations.
Signal Transmission Capability Improvement of a Telemetry Drill String Using the Reflected Signal at the Transmission Line Termination

A telemetry drill string system consists of a string of wired drill pipes, and high-frequency signals pass the adjacent drill pipes through inductive couplers. Such a system is used to upload downhole information at high data transmission rates for measurements while drilling (MWD). Since the signal energy attenuates greatly in the system, many repeaters must be provided to ensure signal transmission. A reduction in the signal transmission in a telemetry drill string can extend the relay distance and improve the reliability of the transmission system. In this study, the transmission characteristic of the rod of the wired drill pipe is studied using transmission line theory, and the transmission characteristic of the inductive coupler is studied using high-frequency circuit theory. Using impedance matching between the transmission line of the rod and the inductive coupler, external impedance compensation elements, including a capacitor and a resistor, are recommended, and the electromagnetic parameters of the wired drill pipe are determined. Based on the determined electromagnetic parameters, certain changes in the external impedance compensation capacitance and resistance can lead to impedance mismatch between the transmission line and the inductive coupler. This will generate a reflected signal at the transmission line, and the vector superposes with the transmitted signal. The terminal reflection coefficient of the transmission line is controlled by increasing the compensation resistance value to enhance the signal amplitude, which can compensate the transmission loss when passing through the inductive coupler to a certain extent. Thus, the signal transmission capability of the telemetry drill string can be improved, allowing for long-distance signal transmission or drastically extending the relay distance, while maintaining a certain channel bandwidth.
Spectroscopic Characterization of the Water-Oxidation Intermediates in the Ru-Based Catalysts for Artificial Photosynthesis

Moonshiram, Dooshaye. Ph.D., Purdue University, December 2013. Spectroscopic Characterization of Ru-Based Catalysts for Artificial Photosynthesis. Major Professors: Yulia Pushkar and Vladimir Shalaev. Utilization of sunlight requires solar capture, light-to-energy conversion and storage. One effective way to store energy is to convert it into chemical energy by fuel-forming reactions, such as water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen. Ruthenium complexes are among few molecular-defined catalysts capable of water splitting. Insight into the mechanism of their action will help to design future robust and economically feasible catalysts for light-to-energy conversion. Mechanistic insights about the design of such catalysts can be acquired through spectroscopic analysis of short-lived intermediates of catalytic water oxidation. Development of time-resolved approaches through stopped flow UV-Vis Spectroscopy to follow the catalysis of water oxidation is critical for understanding the dynamics of this reaction. In addition, use of techniques sensitive to the electronic states of molecules such as EPR and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is implemented to determine the electronic requirements of catalytic water oxidation. Parallel Resonance Raman and oxygen evolution measurements are carried out to follow particular vibrations and confirm the presence of certain intermediates under conditions of active O2 evolution. Spectroscopic characterization of the first ruthenium-based catalyst for water oxidation, known as the “blue dimer” + cis,cis[(bpy)2(H2O)-RuORu(OH2)(bpy)2] (bpy is 2,2-bipyridine)as well as single-site ruthenium catalysts, [Ru(L)(4pic)2(OH2)](L = 4-t-butyl-2,6-di(1',8'-naphthyrid-2'-yl)pyridine, pic = 4-picoline), [Ru(bpy)(tpy)Cl] (tpy is terpyridine), and [Ru(bda)(isoq)2] ] (H2bda = 2,2’-bipyridine-
An Assessment of the Thiamine Status of Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in the Susquehanna River Watershed

Abstract - Unpredictable recruitment and physical abnormalities (sores and lesions) have been observed in populations of Micropterus dolomieu (Smallmouth Bass) throughout the Susquehanna River basin. Malnutrition has been proposed as one of among several potential stressors, yet little to no information was available to critically assess its feasibility as a causal factor. We measured thiamine profiles of Smallmouth Bass (free thiamine [T], thiamine monophosphate [TP], and thiamine pyrophosphate [TPP]) for 3 tissues (egg, liver, and muscle) collected at 13 sites in the Susquehanna River and compared the values to those in 2 neighboring drainages (Allegheny River and Delaware River). Mass-specific thiamine concentrations in eggs were comparable to published values for Micropterus salmoides (Largemouth Bass), but higher than those found in Sander vitreus (Walleye), and Salvelinus namaycush (Lake Trout) known to consume Alosa pseudoharengus (Alewife), a thiaminase positive forage fish. In general, Smallmouth Bass collected from sites within the Susquehanna River basin had thiamine concentrations comparable to fish at the site in the Allegheny River, yet average thiamine concentrations in fish from the Susquehanna and Allegheny sites were each considerably lower than the average value collected from the Smallmouth Bass in the Delaware River. Future studies should consider a more balanced sampling design among watersheds to assess spatial variability among sites and basins. Average site-specific thiamine concentrations measured in Smallmouth Bass exceeded published minimum threshold values for Lake Trout. Given that Smallmouth Bass appear to have distinct thiamine profiles, concentrations, and timing of egg development, threshold thiamine concentrations parameterized for salmonids may not apply to Smallmouth Bass. As such, empirical studies that parameterize species-specific thiamine thresholds are needed to formally evaluate if thiamine deficiency is an issue for Smallmouth Bass in the Susquehanna River basin. To our knowledge, these are the first data on thiamine concentrations published for Smallmouth Bass.
Triggering the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of the inert two-dimensional MoS2 surface via single-atom metal doping

Electrocatalytic splitting of water is one of the most efficient technologies for hydrogen production, and two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 has been considered as a potential alternative to Pt-based catalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the catalytic activity of 2D MoS2 is always contributed from its edge sites, leaving a large number of in-plane domains useless. Herein, we for the first time demonstrated that the catalytic activity of in-plane S atoms of MoS2 can be triggered via single-atom metal doping in HER. In experiments, single Pt atom-doped, few-layer MoS2 nanosheets (Pt–MoS2) showed a significantly enhanced HER activity compared with pure MoS2, originating from the tuned adsorption behavior of H atoms on the in-plane S sites neighboring the doped Pt atoms, according to the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Furthermore, the HER activity of MoS2 doped with a number of transition metals was screened by virtue of DFT calculations, resulting in a volcano curve along the adsorption free energy of H atoms , which was further confirmed in experiment by using non-precious metals such as Co and Ni atoms doping 2D MoS2 as the catalysts.
Reaction of Ph3P(SCN)2 with Further Orthohydroxy Carboxylic Acid Systems, Including Substituted β-Keto Acids: Synthesis of Novel 2-Thio-1,3-oxazines and Their Subsequent Transformation with Amines

Abstract We now report the first reaction of Ph3P(SCN)2 with 4,6-dihydroxy-5-methylisophthalic acid to give 10-methyl-2,8-dithio-1,3-oxazino-1,3-benzoxazine-4,6-dione. Also, the enol tautomer has been utilized in the reaction of β-keto acids with Ph3P(SCN)2 to give novel 2-thio-1,3-oxazines. Subsequent reaction of the 2-thio-1,3-oxazines with benzylamine resulted in opening of the oxazine ring and gave novel dibenzylamino-enamides, which could be cyclized to thiouracils. The reaction of 2-thio-1,3-oxazines with morpholine at low temperature led to the production of unstable 2-Mercapto-2-morpholino-1,3-oxazines. 2-Mercapto-2-morpholin-4-yl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one was observed to lose H2S at room temperature to give 2-morpholin-4-yl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one, which was subsequently tested and found to exhibit some antiplatelet activity.
Triphenylbenzene in Urban Atmospheres, a New PAH Source Tracer

PAHs have generally been determined in environmental samples according to the EPA priority list or as benzo[a]pyrene to assess concentrations and potential health hazards. This approach, although sensitive, is tedious and provides limited environmental/ecological source insight. Here, the addition of triphenylbenzene to the analytical scope for PAHs to address a current global environmental problem is proposed. The dominant urban and rural emission sources are still internal combustion engines, industry and burning, but novel or escalating sources are the open burning of plastics (also roasting), land fills, coal, biomass, and other wastes. This is illustrated here with examples of data for PAHs in total extract mixtures from such sources and in atmospheric particulate matter (PM). Triphenylbenzene, a PAH tracer for burning of polyethylene plastics and land fill wastes, is found in aerosol PM and should be included in PAH inventories. High temperature open burning emits novel PAHs tracers with MW >300da on soot carbon. It is urgent that we widen our monitoring strategy to include novel PAHs, especially triphenylbenzene, to track current worldwide emission sources.
Public family firms and capital structure: A meta‐analysis

Correspondence Joern Block, Department of Management, Trier University, Universitätsring 15, 54296 Trier, Germany. Email: block@uni-trier.de Abstract Research Question/Issue: In this study, we examine the impact of family firm status on publicly listed firms' leverage ratios. Furthermore, we investigate the moderating role of a country's institutional setting, especially its shareholder and creditor rights, on this relationship. Research Findings/Insights: Conducting a meta-analysis on 869 effect sizes from 613 studies, we find an overall slightly negative but significant relationship between family firm status and leverage. Our results reveal a large amount of heterogeneity and considerable mean effect size differences across the 48 countries included in the study. The results of our meta-regression analysis reveal significant moderating effects of shareholder and creditor rights on family firms' capital structure decisions. Whereas stronger shareholder rights have a positive impact on family firm leverage, stronger creditor rights have a negative impact. Theoretical/Academic Implications: Our study combines the two dominating and competing views on family firm leverage. On the one hand, the overall lower leverage ratio of family firms confirms the risk-aversion view of family firms. On the other hand, control considerations also have a significant impact on leverage ratios, as family firms adjust their capital structure dependent on shareholder and creditor rights in their home country. Our study highlights the importance of the institutional setting on firms' financing patterns. Practitioner/Policy Implications: The results suggest a significant impact of a country's institutional setting in general, and its strength on shareholder and creditor rights in particular, on family firms' capital structure decisions. Control considerations result in a strategic use of debt financing that ensures the owner family's dominant position in the firm and prevents potentially harmful conflicts with minority shareholders or creditors.
Using micro-lectures in small private online courses: what do we learn from students’ behavioural intentions?

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to apply the Technology Acceptance Model to identify the determinants affecting students’ behavioural intentions when it comes to using micro-lectures. The conceptual framework included three antecedents of behavioural intentions – perceived usefulness of micro-lectures; perceived ease of use of micro-lectures; and user satisfaction. Moreover, the four first-order constructs of content richness, user satisfaction, vividness and self-efficacy were incorporated into the framework based on the theoretical construction. Employing a structural equation modelling approach, the hypothesised model was validated empirically using data collected from China. This study examines two factors (perceived usefulness of micro-lectures and user satisfaction in terms of micro-lectures) related to learners’ behavioural intentions to continue using micro-lectures. Additionally, micro-lecture compatibility, micro-lecture self-efficacy and the vividness of micro-lectures emerged as critical predictors of the perceived usefulness of micro-lectures. The findings provide practical implications for educators and micro-lecture learning system developers.
How Types of Facebook Users Approach News Verification in the Mobile Media Age: Insights from the Dual-Information-Processing Model

ABSTRACT Because social media have become a primary means by which fake news is received and disseminated, verifying the accuracy of such news has become an increasingly critical practice for individual users. Drawing on the dual-information-processing model, this study uses two-wave panel survey data collected in Taiwan to investigate users’ verification processes. Results reveal three user-types based on motivation for Facebook use—omnivores, entertainment-oriented mixers, and leisure-convenience seekers—and show that omnivores who are high in all motivations are more likely to engage in elaborative processing and subsequent verification of news than leisure-convenience seekers who use Facebook mainly for leisure and convenience purposes. Further, the indirect effects are weaker for entertainment-oriented mixers with higher levels of mobile Facebook use, compared to leisure-convenience seekers.
Drought legacy affects microbial community trait distributions related to moisture along a savannah grassland precipitation gradient

Ecosystem models commonly use stable‐state assumptions to predict responses of soil microbial functions to environmental change. However, past climatic conditions can shape microbial functional responses resulting in a ‘legacy effect’. For instance, exposure to drier conditions in the field may shape how soil microbial communities respond to subsequent drought and drying and rewetting (DRW) events. We investigated microbial tolerance to low moisture levels (‘resistance’) and ability to recover after a DRW perturbation (‘resilience’) across a steep precipitation gradient in Texas, USA. Although differences in precipitation regime did not result in differences in resistance and resilience of soil microbes, microbial communities appeared to be generally resilient and resistant across the gradient, suggesting that frequent exposure to drought had characterised the trait distributions of microbial communities. Moreover, microbial communities from historically drier sites used carbon more efficiently during a DRW perturbation suggesting that long‐term drought history leaves a legacy effect on microbial functions. This may have been due to an indirect effect of drought caused via precipitation‐induced differences in primary productivity, influencing the availability of soil organic matter to microbes. Alternatively, different exposures to drought might have shaped the microbial ‘readiness’ to cope with the DRW disturbance. Microbial community composition was also linked to drought history, but was unrelated to variation in function. Synthesis. Exposure to drought can have both direct and indirect effects on soil microbial communities, which can result in lasting legacy effects on the functions they control.
Heading incidence in boys’ football over three seasons

ABSTRACT Purpose: To quantify the incidence and characteristics of purposeful headers and unintentional head impacts in football (soccer) in boys’ football over three seasons. Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study analysed purposeful headers and unintentional head impacts collected over three seasons (under-10 to under-12) using match video analysis from boys’ team in Australia. Total headers and head impacts, as well as incidence rate (IR) per 1000 match-hours for different match characteristics, were calculated. Results: Total number of headers and heading IR increased significantly (r = 0.99) with age from under-10 (n = 29; IR: 483) to under-12 (n = 149; IR: 1515). All but three players (87%) were observed to head the ball at least once during a season (mean: 10, range 0–25) with the accumulative number of headers performed by out-field players over three seasons ranging from 6 to 40. Players in defensive positions (n = 121) headed the ball more frequently than midfielders (n = 83) or attackers (n = 53). Five (IR: 22) unintentional head impacts were observed, of which four required medical attention. Conclusion: Although the number of headers performed by young players in under-10 to under-12 age groups was low, the range of headers performed by individuals varied greatly. These results could be used to guide age-specific heading coaching practices.
Effect of Insertion Viscoelastic Damping Layer with Different Thicknesses on the Dynamic Response of Multi-layered Beam in Forced Vibration

In this work, we study the effect of the thickness variation of viscoelastic layer inserted in a laminated multi-layer beam in forced vibration on the vertical displacements and on the natural frequencies. The new structure is a sandwich structure composed by two external layers (top and bottom facesheets) of aluminum and viscoelastic core of 3M ISD112 polymers. The viscoelastic model used to describe the behavior of the core is a four-parameter fractional derivative model. The finite element method including the viscoelastic model of fractional derivatives for modeling the sandwich structure is used. The system resolution of the nonlinear equations of motion of the sandwich structure is required to use a numerical integration method as the explicit method of Newmark to obtain the transient response. Also, ANSYS finite element modeling is applied to the sandwich structure to calculate the frequency response in harmonic vibration. The increase in the thickness of the viscoelastic layer leads to a decrease in the amplitudes of vibration. The natural frequencies found by the two methods are very close to the frequencies found experimentally in the literature.
The Adaptable 4A Inversion (5AI): Description and first XCO2 retrievals from OCO-2 observations

Abstract. A better understanding of greenhouse gas surface sources and sinks is required in order to address the global challenge of climate change. Spaceborne remote estimations of greenhouse gas atmospheric concentrations can offer the global coverage that is necessary to improve the constraint on their fluxes, thus enabling a better monitoring of anthropogenic emissions. In this work, we introduce the Adaptable 4A Inversion (5AI) inverse scheme that aims to retrieve geophysical parameters from any remote sensing observation. The algorithm is based on Bayesian optimal estimation relying on the Operational version of the Automatized Atmospheric Absorption Atlas (4A/OP) radiative transfer forward model along with the Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmospheriques: Management and Study of Atmospheric Spectroscopic Information (GEISA) spectroscopic database. Here, the 5AI scheme is applied to retrieve the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of carbon dioxide (XCO2) from measurements performed by the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) mission, and uses an empirically corrected absorption continuum in the O2 A-band. For airmasses below 3.0, XCO2 retrievals successfully capture the latitudinal variations of CO2, as well as its seasonal cycle and long-term increasing trend. Comparison with ground-based observations from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) yields a difference of 1.33 ± 1.29 ppm, which is similar to the standard deviation of the Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space (ACOS) official products. We show that the systematic differences between 5AI and ACOS results can be fully removed by adding an average calculated – observed spectral residual correction to OCO-2 measurements, thus underlying the critical sensitivity of retrieval results to forward modelling. These comparisons show the reliability of 5AI as a Bayesian optimal estimation implementation that is easily adaptable to any instrument designed to retrieve column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of greenhouse gases.
Anatomical evaluation of the nasopalatine canal using CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography): Method validation in open source software

Objective: Development and validation (using open source software) of a method for volumetric and linear assessment of the nasopalatine channel (NPC) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study of 276 CBCTs. Acquisition was performed on a Prexion 3D computerized tomography scanner (manufacturer), using voxels of 0.08 mm and 0.14 mm, (with FOV at 5 and 12 cm). The images were compiled and divided in accordance with gender and the dental condition of the maxilla. Evaluation took place on a MacBook Pro computer using the Horos Project program (Version 3.3.5). Linear measurements and NPC volumetric evaluations were performed after correcting the orientation axes (sagittal and axial). The length and ROI volume tools were used. Results: The average age for men was 60.15 ± 11.94, for women it was 59.95 ± 10.63. Respectively, for men and women, the average NPC volume values ​​ were: 68.59 mm3 and 59.37 mm3 (p = 0.032), for length they were 10.08 mm and 8.84 mm (p = 0.000). Of the dentate participants, the NPC averages for volume for men and women were: 71.01 mm3 and 57.18 mm3 (p = 0.007), for length they were 10.26 mm and 9.14 mm (p = 0.001). In the edentulous, the average NPC lengths were 9.79 mm (men) and 8.37 mm (women) (p = 0.005). Conclusion: For linear and volumetric nasopalatine channel assessment, the post-processing method used in the Horos software was considered precise and easy-to-use.