Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ong-Term Suppression of HIV Infection: enefits and Limitations of Current Treatment ptions

H-1094. oehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (2006). Aptivus prescribing information. Ridgefield, CT: Author. ozzette, S. A. , Joyce, G. , McCaffrey, D. F. , Leibowitz, A. A. , Morton, S. C. , Berry, S. H. , et al. (2001). Expenditures for the care of HIV-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. New England Journal of Medicine,
Attributes of Innovation, Digital Technology and their Impact on SME Performance In Indonesia

This study examines digital technology for innovation adoption in mediating the relationship between the attributes of innovation adoption towards the performance of SMEs. A quantitative method was used in the study by distributing questionnaire manufacturing SMEs in East Java Province Indonesia. This study found that organizational readiness, firm characteristics, strategic orientation and persuasion of innovation, are determinants of digital technology for innovation adoption. Furthermore, digital technology for innovation adoption significantly influences SME’s performance. Thus, this study provides practical implication for policymakers to provide programs and policy systems to an improved information to trigger newness in innovation, the adoption process and agendas to enhance SME’s performance.
Yield and Biochemical Attributes of Brri Dhan-44 (Oryza Sativa L.) as Affected by Tiba Application

A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 ppm) of TIBA on yield and biochemical attributes of BRRI dhan-44. Results revealed that number of effective tillers and dry weight of panicle per plant, length of panicle, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, yield per plant and harvest index increased due to all concentrations of TIBA treatments where, treatments mean varied significantly in majority of cases. The stimulatory effect of TIBA treatments on number of effective tillers and dry weight of panicles per plant, length of panicle, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight resulted significant increase in grain yield per plant. The maximum yield per plant (17.83 g) was obtained from 10 ppm TIBA treatment which was 59.76 % higher over the control. Increases in yield per plant due to 25, 50 and 100 ppm TIBA were 50.53, 47.58 and 28.49%, respectively. Findings of this investigation showed that foliar application of TIBA had beneficial effect on pigment content of leaves at tillering and grain filling stages with a few exceptions. Protein content of leaves was also positively influenced by most of the treatment at tillering stage. Out of five treatments, 10 ppm TIBA produced better results. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(2): 117-125, December 2018
Habitat partitioning in a community of passerine birds

Habitat partitioning was studied in a community of passerine birds in the Virgin River Valley of southwestern Utah. Ten habitat structure variables were measured for each of 24 species of passerine birds and several multi­ variate statistical techniques were used to determine the extent of habitat partitioning. Ordinations of species distributions along known · environmental gradients were constructed using Principal Component Analysis and Stepwise Discriminant Analysis. Stepwise Discriminant Analysis was also used to determine which habitat variables were important in species separa­ tion. It was found that percent canopy cover was the most important variable. Two hundred seventy six pairs of species were analyzed using Multivariant Analysis of Variance. Of these, 272 were found to inhabit signifi­ cantly different parts of the environment. Qualitative analysis of the remaining four pairs also showed effective niche partitioning.
Fermentation and purification of succinic acid from cassava broth using membrane filtration and crystallization

กรดซัคซินิกเป็นสารเคมีแพลตฟอร์มคาร์บอน 4 อะตอม ที่มีคุณค่าน ามาใช้กันอย่าง แพร่หลายในงานหลายๆด้าน ในงานนี้ได้ท าการศึกษาการผลิตและการท าให้บริสุทธิ์ของกรดซัค ซินกิจากหัวมันส าปะหลังทดแทนการใช้น้ าตาลกลูโคสโดยใช้เชื้อ Actinobacillus succinogenes ATCC55168 ทั้งนี้มันส าปะหลังที่ถูกย่อยด้วยเอนไซม์จะถูกน าไปใช้เป็นแหล่งคาร์บอน ซึ่งทั้งนี้ได้ มีการศึกษาการใช้มันส าปะหลังเป็นแหล่งคาร์บอนเพียงอย่างเดียวโดยที่ไม่ต้องเติมสารเสริมอื่น ๆ ช่วยในกระบวนการหมักกรดซัคซินิกแบบกึ่งกะ ผลพบว่าสามารถผลิตกรดซัคซินิ กได้ประมาณ 78.33 กรัมต่อลิตร โดยได้ค่าผลผลิต 0.78 กรัมของกรดซัคซินิคต่อกรัมของกลูโคสและค่าผลิตผล การผลิตอยู่ที่4.17 กรัมต่อลิตรต่อชั่วโมงจากนั้นศึกษาการท าบริสุทธิ์ตัวอย่างน้ าหมักด้วยการใช้ เทคนิคเมมเบรนแบบ electrodialysis แต่อย่างไรก็ตามผิวหน้าของเมมเบรนจะเกิดการสะสมอุดตัน จากเกลือแมกนีเซียม ส่งผลท าให้ประสิทธิภาพในการแยกสารของระบบลดล งกระบวนการท า บริสุทธิ์ที่มีประสิทธิภาพมากกว่าคือระบบไมโครฟิลเตชั่น นาโนฟิลเตชั่นและเทคนิคการตกผลึกจึง ถูกน ามาศึกษา ส าหรับไมโครฟิลเตชั่นนั้นจึงเน้นไปที่การแยกเซลล์ออกจากน้ าหมักโดยใช้ แบบจ าลองอนุกรมความต้านทานจากเมมเบรน รวมถึงความต้านทานของเค้ก การอุดตันของรูและ ความต้านทานการดูดซับ ประสิทธิภาพการแยกของเมมเบรนนาโนฟิลเตชั่นนั้นท าการศึกษาโดยใช้ ส่วนที่ได้จากการกรองผ่านไมโครฟลิเตชั่น หรือเพอร์มิเอทจากไมโครฟิลเตชั่นมาเป็นสารป้อน ทั้ง ยังศึกษาระบบโดยใช้สารสังเคราะห์ ซึ่งผลที่ได้แสดงให้เห็นว่ามีความสามารถก าจัดสารอ่ืนๆอาทิ เช่นสารประกอบอินทรีย์ อนินทรีย์ โมเลกุลของสี โปรตีนและแมคโครโมเลกุล โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง พวกไอออนที่มีวาเลนซี่ตั้งแต่ 2 ขึ้นไปได้ นอกจากนี้ยังสามารถเพิ่มการท าบริสุทธิ์จากน้ าหมัก ขั้นตอนไดอะนาโนฟิลเตชั่นที่มีความสามารถในการแยกสารอ่ืนๆออกเหลือแต่เพียงผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ ต้องการได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ ช่วยส่งผลดีต่อระบบการเก็บเกี่ยวผลิตภัณฑ์โดยรวมสุดท้ายเป็นชั้น การการตกผลึกที่เป็นการท าให้กรดซัคซินิกเกิดเป็นผลึกที่มีความบริสุทธิ์สูงส าหรับเป็นผลิตภัณฑ์
Resistencia a colistín mediado por el gen mcr-1 identificado en cepas de Escherichia coli y Klebsiella pneumoniae. Primeros reportes en el Perú

Introducción. Ante la aparición de reportes de la presencia del gen mcr-1 y su posible diseminación por plásmidos en los países de la región y dado que este gen confiere resistencia a colistín, fármaco que es la última línea de tratamiento contra bacterias multirresistentes, es importante conocer su presencia en nuestro país en microorganismos que lo expresen. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal. Se incluyeron microorganismos aislados de urocultivos de pacientes ambulatorios de un centro de salud privado en Lima, Perú, en agosto del año 2017. De 326 urocultivos positivos se seleccionaron 10 aislamientos entre cepas de Escherichia coli y Klebsiella pneumoniae que presentaron concentración mínima inhibitoria ≥4μg/mL (interpretado como resistente para colistín) por el sistema automatizado Microscan Walkaway 96 plus. Se utilizaron los siguientes métodos: colistín agar spot, predifusión con tabletas de colistín, microdilución en caldo colistin y PCR para el gen mcr-1. Resultados. Se determinó que 7 aislamientos, todas Escherichia coli, expresaron la presencia del gen mcr-1 por PCR, el cual confiere resistencia plasmídica a polipéptidos. De las cepas restantes, dos Escherichia coli y una Klebsiella pneumoniae, resultaron positivos para resistencia a colistín en las pruebas fenotípicas pero no en la PCR para gen mcr-1 lo cual sugiere un mecanismo de resistencia a colistín no asociado a gen mcr-1. Conclusiones. Se obtuvieron 7 aislamientos de Escherichia coli resistentes a colistín y con expresión del gen mcr-1.
Clinicopathological factors associated with novel prognostic markers for patients with triple negative breast cancer

Introduction Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a worse prognosis than other breast cancer subtypes. TNBC is defined by lack of expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the relationship between immunohistochemical expression of novel prognostic markers (erythropoietin (EPO) and erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R)) and clinicopathological features of TNBC and non-TNBC patients. Material and methods Our analysis was conducted on a group of 162 patients with breast carcinoma with lymph node metastasis (111 TNBC and 51 non-TNBC). All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software v 12.0. Results Histopathologic subtyping of the 111 triple negative breast cancers identified 89.1% invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type and 10.9% other special types of cancers. TNBC more often presented EPO-R and EPO expression (36%; 37.8%) than non-TNBC (23.5%; 29.4%). Non-TNBC subgroup showed statistically significant correlation only between Ki-67 expression and histological grade (G1-G3) (p < 0.001), while TNBC subgroup demonstrated significant correlation between Ki-67 expression and histological grade (G1-G3) and tumor size (pT1-pT4) as well (p = 0.002; p = 0.042), between the EPO-R expression and histological grade (G1-G3) (p < 0.001). Conclusions The relationship between the expression of EPO-R and histological malignancy grade in triple negative breast cancer, suggests that the present EPO-R expression in TNBC may constitute an additional prognostic factor.
The role of comorbidities and clinical predictors of severe disease in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background COVID_19 is unpredictable due to non-specific symptoms and clinical course diversity in different individuals. We analyzed studies regarding the factors associated with severe status of the disease to identify unique findings in severely affected patients. Methods We systematically searched the electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of ‎Science, and Google Scholar from inception to 12th of March 2020. Cochranes Q and I-square statistics were used to assess the existence of heterogeneity between the included ‎studies. We used the random-effects model to pool ‎the odds ratios (ORs) at 95% confidence ‎intervals (CIs). ‎ Results Seventeen articles out of 3009 citations were included. These contained 3189 patients, of whom 732 were severely affected (severe group) and 3189 were in non-severe group. Using the random-effects model, our meta-analyses showed that the odds of comorbidities, including COPD, DM, HTN, CVD, CKD, and symptoms, including dyspnea, dizziness, anorexia, and cough, were significantly higher among the severe group compared with the non-‎severe group. There were no significant changes in odds of CVA, liver disease, immunodeficiency/immunosuppression, fever, fatigue, myalgia, headache, diarrhea, sore throat, nasal congestion, sputum, nausea, vomiting, chest pain between the two groups. Conclusions Early recognition and intervention can be critical in management, and might stop progression to severe disease. Predictive symptoms and comorbidities can be used as a predictor in patients who are at risk of severe disease.
Chest computed tomography (CT) scan findings in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives: Numerous cases of pneumonia of caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were reported in Wuhan, China. Chest computed tomography (CT) scan is highly important in the diagnosis and follow-up of lung disease treatment. The present meta-analysis was performed to evaluate chest CT findings in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: All research steps were taken according to the MOOSE protocol and the final report was based on PRISMA guidelines. Each stage of the study was conducted by two independent authors. We searched the Web of Science, Ovid, Science Direct, Scopus, EMBASE, PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, CINAHL and Google scholar databases. The search was conducted on March 20, 2020. Grey literature was searched at medrxiv website. All analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. The adapted Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias. We registered this review at PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42019127858). Results: Finally, 40 eligible studies with 4,183 patients with COVID-19 were used for meta-analysis. The rate of positive chest CT scan in patients with COVID-19 was 94.5% (95%CI: 91.7-96.3). Bilateral lung involvement, pure ground-glass opacity (GGO), mixed (GGO pulse consolidation or reticular), consolidation, reticular, and presence of nodule findings in chest CT scan of COVID-19 pneumonia patients were respectively estimated to be 79.1% (95% CI: 70.8-85.5), 64.9% (95%CI: 54.1-74.4), 49.2% (95%CI: 35.7-62.8), 30.3% (95%CI: 19.6-43.6), 17.0% (95%CI: 3.9-50.9) and 16.6% (95%CI: 13.6-20.2). The distribution of lung lesions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was peripheral (70.0% [95%CI: 57.8-79.9]), central (3.9% [95%CI: 1.4-10.6]), and peripheral and central (31.1% [95%CI: 19.5-45.8]). The most common pulmonary lobes involved were right lower lobe (86.5% [95%CI: 57.7-96.8]) and left lower lobe (81.0% [95%CI: 50.5-94.7]). Conclusion: Our study showed that chest CT scan has little weakness in diagnosis of COVID-19 combined to personal history, clinical symptoms, and initial laboratory findings, and may therefore serve as a standard method for diagnosis of COVID-19 based on its features and transformation rule, before initial RT-PCR screening.
Taking Account of Asymptomatic Infections in Modeling the Transmission Potential of the COVID-19 Outbreak on the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship

We take the case of the Diamond Princess (DP) cruise ship as an experimental model for studying the transmission potential of COVID-19 in a closed environment. We investigate the changes in R0 for COVID-19 on the DP from January 21 to February 19, 2020 with a chain-binomial model at different times under two scenarios: no quarantine assuming a random mixing condition, and quarantine of passengers in cabins -- passengers may get infected either by an infectious case in a shared cabin or by asymptomatic crew who continued to work. Our modeling approach takes account of the asymptomatic ratio of crew members during the quarantine of passengers, which has not been explored in the literature. Assuming an asymptomatic ratio 0.505 and the proportion of infections in cabins 0.2, R0 at the beginning of the epidemic was 3.27 (95% CI (3.02, 3.54)) and 3.78 (95% CI (3.49, 4.09)) respectively for serial intervals of 5 and 6 days, and increased for passengers in contact with asymptomatic crew during quarantine. We find evidence to support a CDC report that "a high proportion of asymptomatic infections could partially explain the high attack rate among cruise ship passengers and crew. " This emphasizes the importance of improved reporting and quarantine of asymptomatic cases, and raises questions on quarantine procedures in closed environments such as military vessels, cruise ships, dormitories, prisons, and other enclosed living complexes with high population densities.
An international characterisation of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 and a comparison with those previously hospitalised with influenza

Background To better understand the profile of individuals with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we characterised individuals hospitalised with COVID-19 and compared them to individuals previously hospitalised with influenza. Methods We report the characteristics (demographics, prior conditions and medication use) of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 between December 2019 and April 2020 in the US (Columbia University Irving Medical Center [CUIMC], STAnford Medicine Research data Repository [STARR-OMOP], and the Department of Veterans Affairs [VA OMOP]) and Health Insurance Review & Assessment [HIRA] of South Korea. Patients hospitalised with COVID-19 were compared with patients previously hospitalised with influenza in 2014-19. Results 6,806 (US: 1,634, South Korea: 5,172) individuals hospitalised with COVID-19 were included. Patients in the US were majority male (VA OMOP: 94%, STARR-OMOP: 57%, CUIMC: 52%), but were majority female in HIRA (56%). Age profiles varied across data sources. Prevalence of asthma ranged from 7% to 14%, diabetes from 18% to 43%, and hypertensive disorder from 22% to 70% across data sources, while between 9% and 39% were taking drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system in the 30 days prior to their hospitalisation. Compared to 52,422 individuals hospitalised with influenza, patients admitted with COVID-19 were more likely male, younger, and, in the US, had fewer comorbidities and lower medication use. Conclusions Rates of comorbidities and medication use are high among individuals hospitalised with COVID-19. However, COVID-19 patients are more likely to be male and appear to be younger and, in the US, generally healthier than those typically admitted with influenza.
Validation of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 for adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Background/Aims The Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2) has demonstrated reliability and validity in the general population; yet the psychometric properties have not been tested among rehabilitation populations, such as persons experiencing chronic musculoskeletal pain. The objective of the current study was to examine the factorial structure and psychometric properties of the BREQ-2 in a sample of adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods Adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain (n=211) were recruited from clinical and community networks in the United States. Data were collected using a cross-sectional online survey and analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, multiple indicators multiple causes analysis, and correlational techniques. Participants completed the BREQ-2 and other measures relevant to self-determination theory, including outcome expectancies, self-efficacy and family and friend support for physical activity and exercise. Findings Results indicated the intercorrelated model fit the data well. The five factors of amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation and intrinsic regulation toward physical activity and exercise demonstrated good reliability and construct validity. Conclusions This study provides evidence of factorial and construct validity for the BREQ-2 among people with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Implications for rehabilitation practitioners and researchers are discussed.
Acute health shocks and labour market exits

The financial consequences of early labour market exit can be substantial and long-lasting. This paper investigates the labour supply response to acute health shocks defined by the incidence of cancer, stroke, or heart attack, for working age individuals in the UK, a group rarely considered in previous studies which generally focus on older individuals. We draw on data from Understanding Society which offers a unique combination of a large sample, a panel dimension together with a broad range of socio-demographic, health and labour market information. Our identification strategy exploits uncertainty in both the occurrence and timing of an acute health shock. We follow individuals until they experience either a first occurrence of a health shock, or a re-occurrence, and compare their labour supply responses to those observed in a control group. Controls are defined through a combination of coarsened exact matching and parametric propensity score estimation. The panel dimension of the data allows us to condition on unobserved individual heterogeneity. Our results indicate that, on average, experiencing an acute health shock significantly reduces labour market participation, with a stronger response to an additional, as opposed to a first, shock. In general younger workers of both genders display a stronger labour market attachment than older counterparts conditional on a health shock. Older and more educated women exhibit the strongest retraction despite experiencing less disabling shocks. This suggests an important role for preferences, financial constraints, and intra-household division of labour in explaining labour supply adjustments.
Speciation rates are correlated with changes in plumage color complexity in the largest family of songbirds

Although evolutionary theory predicts an association between the evolution of elaborate ornamentation and speciation, empirical evidence for links between speciation and ornament evolution has been mixed. In birds, the evolution of increasingly complex and colorful plumage may promote speciation by introducing prezygotic mating barriers. However, overall changes in color complexity, including both increases and decreases, may also promote speciation by altering the sexual signals that mediate reproductive choices. Here, we examine the relationship between complex plumage and speciation rates in the largest family of songbirds, the tanagers (Thraupidae). First, we test whether species with more complex plumage coloration are associated with higher speciation rates and find no correlation. We then test whether rates of male or female plumage color complexity evolution are correlated with speciation rates. We find that elevated rates of plumage complexity evolution are associated with higher speciation rates, regardless of sex and whether species are evolving more complex or less complex ornamentation. These results extend to whole‐plumage color complexity and regions important in signaling (crown and throat) but not nonsignaling regions (back and wingtip). Our results suggest that the extent of change in plumage traits, rather than overall values of plumage complexity, may play a role in speciation.
Lurasidone Improves Psychopathology and Cognition in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Abstract Purpose/Background In addition to clozapine, other atypical antipsychotic drugs pharmacologically similar to clozapine, for example, olanzapine, risperidone, and melperone, are also effective in a similar proportion of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) patients, ~40%. The major goal of this study was to compare 2 doses of lurasidone, another atypical antipsychotic drug, and time to improvement in psychopathology and cognition during a 6-month trial in TRS patients. Methods/Procedures The diagnosis of TRS was based on clinical history and lack of improvement in psychopathology during a 6-week open trial of lurasidone 80 mg/d (phase 1). This was followed by a randomized, double-blind, 24-week trial of lurasidone, comparing 80- and 240-mg/d doses (phase 2). Findings/Results Significant non–dose-related improvement in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale—Total and subscales and in 2 of 7 cognitive domains, speed of processing and executive function, were noted. Twenty-eight (41.8%) of 67 patients in the combined sample improved ≥20% in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale—Total. Of the 28 responders, 19 (67.9%) first reached ≥20% improvement between weeks 6 and 24 during phase 2, including some who had previously failed to respond to clozapine. Implications/Conclusions Improvement with lurasidone is comparable with those previously reported for clozapine, melperone, olanzapine, and risperidone in TRS patients. In addition, this study demonstrated that 80 mg/d lurasidone, an effective and tolerable dose for non-TRS patients, was also effective in TRS patients but required longer duration of treatment. Direct comparison of lurasidone with clozapine in TRS patients is indicated.