Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NSS_A_309868 829..840

1Sleep Medicine Unit, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale Civico, Lugano, Switzerland; 2Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; 3University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 4Department of Primary Care, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italia; 5IRCSS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italia; 6Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italia; 7Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland Objective/Background: Night terrors, sleepwalking and confusional arousals are behavioral manifestations of incomplete awakenings from sleep. According to international diagnostic criteria, these behaviors occur in the absence of any mental experience, or in the presence of very limited cognition or dream imagery (eg, a single visual scene). The aim of this study was to systematically and retrospectively investigate the mental content associated with sleep terrors and/or sleepwalking in both children and adults. Patients and Methods: Forty-five consecutive patients referred for a diagnosis of disorders of arousal (DOA) of all subtypes (sleepwalking/sleep terrors/confusional arousals) (25 adults: 30 ± 6 y, 15 females; 20 children: 10 ± 3 y, 6 females) underwent a detailed semistructured interview about the mental content associated with their nocturnal episodes. The interview was comprehensive of specific questions about their subjective recall rate, several content details (characters, emotions, actions and setting/context), and hallucinatory or dissociative experiences during clinical episodes. Patients’ reports were classified for complexity (Orlinsky scale) and content (Hall and Van de Castle categories). Results: More than two-third of the children (n = 14) could not recall any mental activity associated with their episodes, whereas more than two-third (n = 16) of the adults recalled at least one mental experience. Half of the adult patients (n = 8) estimated that a specific mental content was subjectively present around 50% or more of the times. Seven adults and one child described clear and vivid hallucinatory experiences of “dreamed” objects or characters projected onto their real home environment, in the absence of any reality testing. Five adults and two children described one or more dissociative experiences. The content of the collected reports was dominated by dynamic actions acted out from a self-perspective, often with apprehension and in response to misfortune and danger, in a home-setting environment. Conclusion: These results suggest that current diagnostic criteria are tailored around the typical presentation of DOA in children, and do not always fit to adult patients with DOA. Furthermore, they support the concept that consciousness may reemerge in DOA patients during clinical episodes, in a peculiar dissociated, psychotic-like form.
OP-BRAI150281 1..13

Symptoms suggesting altered processing of pain and temperature have been described in dementia diseases and may contribute importantly to clinical phenotypes, particularly in the frontotemporal lobar degeneration spectrum, but the basis for these symptoms has not been characterized in detail. Here we analysed pain and temperature symptoms using a semi-structured caregiver questionnaire recording altered behavioural responsiveness to pain or temperature for a cohort of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (n = 58, 25 female, aged 52–84 years, representing the major clinical syndromes and representative pathogenic mutations in the C9orf72 and MAPT genes) and a comparison cohort of patients with amnestic Alzheimer’s disease (n = 20, eight female, aged 53– 74 years). Neuroanatomical associations were assessed using blinded visual rating and voxel-based morphometry of patients’ brain magnetic resonance images. Certain syndromic signatures were identified: pain and temperature symptoms were particularly prevalent in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (71% of cases) and semantic dementia (65% of cases) and in association with C9orf72 mutations (6/6 cases), but also developed in Alzheimer’s disease (45% of cases) and progressive non-fluent aphasia (25% of cases). While altered temperature responsiveness was more common than altered pain responsiveness across syndromes, blunted responsiveness to pain and temperature was particularly associated with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (40% of symptomatic cases) and heightened responsiveness with semantic dementia (73% of symptomatic cases) and Alzheimer’s disease (78% of symptomatic cases). In the voxel-based morphometry analysis of the frontotemporal lobar degeneration cohort, pain and temperature symptoms were associated with grey matter loss in a right-lateralized network including insula (P50.05 corrected for multiple voxel-wise comparisons within the prespecified anatomical region of interest) and anterior temporal cortex (P50.001 uncorrected over whole brain) previously implicated in processing homeostatic signals. Pain and temperature symptoms accompanying C9orf72 mutations were specifically associated with posterior thalamic atrophy (P50.05 corrected for multiple voxel-wise comparisons within the prespecified anatomical region of interest). Together the findings suggest candidate cognitive and neuroanatomical bases for these salient but under-appreciated phenotypic features of the dementias, with wider implications for the homeostatic pathophysiology and clinical management of neurodegenerative diseases.
INDUCTION OF PHYTOALEXINS IN SORGHUM, SOYBEAN AND BEANS BY SUSPENSION OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade de alguns fungos endofíticos em ativar fitoalexinas. Os fungos endofíticos foram isolados de plantas daninhas, na sequência foi realizado uma suspensão destes fungos e testados nos ensaios biológicos para verificar a indução de fitoalexinas. Em sorgo os mesocótilos das plântulas foram acondicionados em tubos contendo os tratamentos e ao final foi realizado a leitura em 480 nm. Em cotilédones de soja e nos hipocótilos de feijão após aplicação dos tratamentos nestes, foram extraídas as fitoalexinas e realizado a leitura. Todos os tratamentos foram capazes de induzir o acúmulo de fitoalexina, porém os mais eficientes foram as suspensões dos fungos D10 (Aspergilus japonicus) D11 (Trichoderma tomentosum) e, Acibenzolar-smetil (ASM) e ácido salicílico (AS). Palavras-chave: Acibenzolar-s-metil, ácido salicílico, plantas daninhas, biocida, metabólitos.
Bacteriological and Serological Study of Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal Throat Infection Among School Children In Najaf Governorate.

: The study presents the findings of bacteriological and immunological examinations of (250) children suffering from throat infection and (350) school children without throat infection as control . one hundred and five (105)infected children and one hundred (100) uninfected children were selected for asessment of ASO titer and CRP level. It was found that group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, a known sore throat pathogens, were The study indicated that there was significant difference in ASO value 1/200 IU/ml between infected children (57.2 and controls (4 %)as well as there was significant relationship between ASO positivity and beta-hemolytic streptococci carriage. There was significant difference in CRP value between infected and the sensitivity and specificity for ASO test was 57 %and 96 % respectively and for CRP test was 94.5 % and 80 % respectively.
Chlorophyll fluorescence remote sensing from space

Chlorophyll fluorescence remote sensing from space in scattering atmospheres: implications for its retrieval and interferences with atmospheric CO2 retrievals C. Frankenberg, C. O’Dell, L. Guanter, and J. McDuffie Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, UK
Mendelian Randomization Causal Analysis LDL cholesterol still a problem in old age? A Mendelian randomization study

Background: Observational studies in older subjects have shown no or inverse associations between cholesterol levels and mortality. However, in old age plasma lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) may not reflect the lifetime level due to reverse causality, and hence the risk may be underestimated. In the current study, we used an LDL genetic risk score (GRS) to overcome this problem. Methods: A weighted GRS was created using 51 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with LDL-C levels. The LDL GRS was calculated in three Dutch cohorts: the Leiden Longevity Study (LLS) (n1⁄43270), the Leiden 85-plus study (n1⁄4316) and the Rotterdam Study (n1⁄44035). We assessed the association between the LDL GRS and LDL-C levels, chronological age, familial longevity and mortality. Results: Up to 90 years of age, in each age stratum individuals with high LDL GRS had higher LDL-C levels (P1⁄4 0.010 to P1⁄41.1 x 10 ). The frequency of LDL-increasing alleles decreased with increasing age [b1⁄4 0.021 (SE1⁄40.01) per year, P1⁄40.018]. Moreover, individuals with a genetic predisposition for longevity had significantly lower LDL GRS compared with age-matched individuals of the general population [LLS nonagenarians vs > 90 years: b1⁄40.73 (SE1⁄40.33), P1⁄4 0.029, LLS offspring vs partners: b1⁄4 0.66 (SE1⁄40.23), P1⁄40.005]. In longitudinal analysis, high GRS was associated with increased VC The Author 2015; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association 604 International Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, 604–612 doi: 10.1093/ije/dyv031 Advance Access Publication Date: 7 April 2015
The influence of gender ratios on academic careers: Combining network theory with tokenism

This paper examines how gender proportions at the workplace affect the extent to which individual networks support the career progress (i.e. time to promotion). Previous studies have argued that men and women benefit from different network structures. However, the empirical evidence about these differences has been contradictory or inconclusive at best. Combining social networks with tokenism, we show in a longitudinal academic study that gender-related differences in the way that networks affect career progress exist only in situations where women are in a token position. Our empirical results further show that women not in severely underrepresented situations benefit from the same network structure as men. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone. 0207337 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-192399 Journal Article Published Version The following work is licensed under a Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. Originally published at: Schön, Constantin; Rost, Katja; Seidl, David (2018). The influence of gender ratios on academic careers: Combining network theory with tokenism. PLoS ONE, 13(11):1-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone. 0207337
DHPS_A_254949 113..123

Melkamu Garuma Mirkuzie Woldie 2,3 Feyera Gebissa Kebene 1Nekemte Public Health Research and Referral Laboratory, East Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia; 2Fenot Project, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Global Health and Population, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 3Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; 4Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia Background: Patient-safety culture is an important component of health-care quality and currentlyan issue of high concern globally. In Ethiopia, little is known about patient-safety culture in hospitals. We assessed the patient-safety culture and associated factors among health-care workers in public hospitals of East Wollega Zone, western Ethiopia. Methods: This institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 421 health-care workers selected using simple random sampling from March 4 to March 29, 2019. A standardized measuring 12 patient safety–culture components was used for data collection. Data were cleaned and entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analysis done using SPSS version 25 (IBM). Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed. Significance was set at 95% CI and p<0.05, and unstandardized β-coefficients were used to measure extent of association. Results: This study revealed that the level of patient-safety culture was 49.2% and patient safety culture–component scores ranged from 29.2% for nonpunitive responses to error to 77.9% for teamwork within a hospital unit. Age ≥45 years (β=13.642, CI: 5.324–21.959; p=0.001), 1–5 years’ experience at the current hospital (β=5.559, 95% CI 2.075–9.042; p=0.002), and working in general hospitals (β=11.988, 95% CI 7.233–16.743; p<0.001) and primary hospitals (β=6.408, 95% CI 2.192–10.624; p=0.003) were factors associated with better scores on patient-safety culture. Conclusion: Overall scores for patient-safety culture were low. Improving the current state of patient safety in public hospitals would require tailored interventions to address lowscoring components, such as nonpunitive responses to error.
NSS_A_271140 865..874

1School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia; 2Sleep Health Foundation, Blacktown, Sydney, Australia; 3Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia Objective: The current study examined sleep and mood associations in parents of children with sleep disturbances across a sample of typically developing children and children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The mediating effect of children’s sleep on the relationship between parents’ sleep and mood was also assessed. The study explored differences in parents’ sleep based on whether 1) the child had a sleep disturbance, and 2) the child was typically developing or had a neurodevelopmental disorder. Methods: A total of 293 parents of children aged 2–12 years completed an online questionnaire. Parental sleep was examined using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale and the Pre-sleep Arousal Scale, and mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States-short form. Measures for children included the Child’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: Across the overall sample, children’s sleep disturbances were associated with parents’ sleep disturbances, accounting for 22% of the change in parental sleep quality. Children’s sleep partially mediated parents’ sleep and mood. Significant differences were observed for sleep and mood outcomes in parents of children with sleep disturbances (CSHQ scores ≥41). However, no significant differences were reported for children’s sleep disturbances and parents’ sleep quality based on whether the child was typically developing or had a neurodevelopmental disorder. Conclusion: Parents of children with sleep disturbances experience poor sleep and high presleep arousal, indicative of insomnia. Given that these parents experience cognitive arousal and insomnia, it is recommended that parents’ sleep problems are addressed and treated in clinical settings.
Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis-A Global Challenge

Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem. With the current pace of globalization, diseases that occur locally can spread rapidly to other parts of the world, threatening national and global health security. In 2013, an estimated 480,000 cases of Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Tuberculosis (TB) were reported; approximately 10% of people with multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) have extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). In countries in Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia, XDR-TB affect up to 15% of persons with MDR-TB. Unfortunately, many of the high TB-burdened countries have large socio-economically vulnerable populations including women and children. Additionally, many countries where TB is endemic do not have adequate laboratory capacity for extensive and rapid drug-susceptibility testing. Furthermore, little success has been achieved in terms of treatment of XDR-TB. These add to the challenge of global TB control in many resource-challenged countries. This article reviews the epidemiology of XDR-TB, common risk factors, current trend and challenges in the management of XDR-TB.
Lifestyle and related genetic variations influence susceptibility towards essential hypertension

Essential hypertension is an outcome of complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Higher prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia in Chandigarh region prompted us to screen genetic (three polymorphisms) as well as lifestyle parameters among individuals from this region, which is known for its advanced and modern culture. Anthropometric measures, lipid profiles along with genetic screening of three polymorphisms namely, rs5186, rs422858 of AT1R, and rs4340 of ACE among individuals from both Hypertensive (HTN) & Normotensive (NTN) groups was performed using autoanalyzer and RFLP techniques. Validation of genotypes was performed by direct sequencing and analysis was done using appropriate statistical tools. NTN group showed significantly lower BMI (p=0.03) than HTN despite comparatively higher percentage of occupational physical inactivity. Mean onset age of hypertension was found to be significantly low among individuals with family history. Among hypertensives, individuals with recent medication (0-3 years) had higher TG and VLDL-C levels than the other group (>3 years). Additionally, allele and genotype analysis revealed higher frequency (p=0.003) of ACE (I) allele among female hypertensive individuals rather than ACE (D) allele. Being the first study on rs422858 (A-214C) among Indians, A allele showed slightly higher frequency for NTN group contrary to the reports from Caucasian population. Present study brings out the higher susceptibility of individuals from Chandigarh region towards EH due to their lifestyle practices and hence warrants lifestyle modification to reduce hypertension related morbidity and mortality
Stock Markets: A Catalyst for Economic Growth

The stock market is a common feature of a current economy and it is reputed to achieve some necessary functions, which promote the growth and development of the economy. To achieve this objective, the endogenous growth literature and research, and recent theoretical studies have tried to provide a link between the literature of endogenous growth theory and financial markets. Providing evidence of stock market development will assist policy makers in designing reforms that do indeed promote the growth rate, enhancing stock market development as economic growth through to the banking system of financial sectors, and to the degree of investor’s right; furthermore, allowing risk sharing encourages speculative and productive investment (see, e.g. Greenwood and Jovanovic (1990) and Bencivenga and Smith (1991)). The results of the previous study, which established positive links between the stock market and economic growth, suggests the pursuit of policies geared towards rapid development of the stock market. Keyword: Stock market Development, Economic growth, New Endogenous growth theory JEL Classifications: F43; G0; G10; G15; R11 © 2013 Published by SSBFNET
The regulation of mesangial cell apoptosis by inflammatory macrophages

Inflammation of any organ frequently resolves by remodelling of the tissue. Normal tissue function is restored. However, inflammation can lead to scarring, dysfunction and even failure of function of the tissues. The kidney, in particular the glomerulus, is a focus for inflammation by many, currently obscure mechanisms. Inflammation here is not exceptional, and failed resolution leads to organ failure and death. However, in humans and animals complete resolution of apparently severe inflammatory injury of the glomerulus can occur. Mesangial cells (MC) are a major cell-type in the healthy glomerulus. They respond to inflammation by proliferation and laying-down scar tissue. In animal models, deletion of excess MC by a cell death process called apoptosis is crucial for resolution and restoration of the normal tissue. Coincident with the occurrence of MC apoptosis is the presence of inflammatory macrophages (M<])), in the mesangial areas of the glomerulus. Motivated by a clear role for M(j) in deleting excess cells in developmental remodelling, I sought to determine whether inflammatory M(J) as found in the diseased glomerulus could induce apoptotic death in of cultured MC. By developing an in vitro assay of proliferating MC with M(J) as a model of glomerular inflammation, M<J), either activated by cytokines, or taken directly from diseased glomeruli, induced apoptotic death of MC. Thus, Mtj) were able to control MC populations. Roles for Mc() derived nitric oxide and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in mediating these effects on MC were clearly shown. Further, when M(|) ingested opsonised particles (to model immune complex activation), hydrogen peroxide release was also found to induce MC apoptosis. Excessive M(J) killing of MC is also deleterious to healing of the glomerulus, since excessive MC loss also leads to scarring. Negative feedback in M0 killing was sought. Since M(j) ingestion of apoptotic cells leads to transforming growth factor beta release, I hypothesised that once M(|) had induced MC apoptosis and ingested the dead cells, they might deactivate. Co-culture was modified whereby activated M<|) ingested pre-formed apoptotic cells whilst in the process of killing healthy MC. These M(f> were rendered incapable of inducing TNF dependent MC apoptosis, indicating a novel negative feedback loop in the inflammatory response. TNF receptor 1 signalling pathways of apoptosis in MC were investigated. Following stable transfection, an important role for interferon regulatory factor-1 was shown. This thesis has contributed to the understanding of the inflammatory process both in the glomerulus and in a wider context. It has demonstrated that inflammatory M(]) induce apoptosis of MC, and indicated that normal ingestion of apoptotic cells brings about a form of deactivation of the inflammatory M(j) phenotype.
High-dimensional additive hazards models and the Lasso

Abstract: We consider a general high-dimensional additive hazards model in a non-asymptotic setting, including regression for censored-data. In this context, we consider a Lasso estimator with a fully data-driven l1 penalization, which is tuned for the estimation problem at hand. We prove sharp oracle inequalities for this estimator. Our analysis involves a new “datadriven” Bernstein’s inequality, that is of independent interest, where the predictable variation is replaced by the optional variation.