Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing negative cyber-bystander behavior: A systematic literature review

Cyber-aggression is global epidemic affecting citizens of cyberspace, without regards to physical, geographical and time constraints. Recent research has identified the significant role of cyber-bystanders in exacerbating and de-escalating incidents on cyber-aggression they come across. Additionally, frequent exposure to cyber-aggression is found to have been associated with negative effects on participants of cyber-aggression, ranging from self-esteem problems to mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety, and in the worst cases even suicidal behaviors and ideation. Moreover, past research had also identified that negative bystanders could potentially become aggressors themselves. Therefore, the current review is aimed at uncovering the common themes and factors that drive individuals to resort to negative bystander behavior. Hence, a systematic literature review using the PRISMA framework was carried out, involving articles published between January 2012 to March 2022, on online databases such as SCOPUS, Science Direct, SAGE Journals, Web of Science, and Springer Link. Results obtained through the synthesis of 27 selected articles, were grouped into three categories, namely situational factors, personal factors and social influence. Upon further synthesis of the results, it was noted that many of the factors had interacted with each other. Thus, practical suggestion for prevention and future research would include addressing these interactions in preventative methodologies and research interests.
Perceived cognitive impairment in high school students in the United States

Introduction Some youth experience cognitive difficulties that interfere with their ability to learn and function well in a school environment. We examined correlates of perceived cognitive impairment among high school students who completed a national survey conducted by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2019. Methods Participants were high school students (grades 9–12) who completed the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) in 2019. The CDC uses this survey to monitor risk behaviors. Students answered the following question ‘Because of a physical, mental, or emotional problem, do you have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions? ’ as either ‘yes’ or ‘no.’ Student responses to this question were analyzed in relation to demographic variables and variables pertaining to adversity, mental health problems, and drug use. Results The sample included 8,349 students between the ages of 14 and 18, with 4,093 boys (49%) and 4,256 girls (51%). A large proportion reported having serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions due to physical, mental, or emotional problems (38%). A significantly larger proportion of girls (45%) than boys (30%) reported experiencing cognitive impairment [χ2(1) = 212.23, p < 0.001; Odds Ratio = 1.95, 95% confidence interval = 1.78–2.13]. Youth who exercised regularly were significantly less likely to report cognitive impairment. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the associations between perceived cognitive impairment and adversity, mental health, and lifestyle variables separately for boys [χ2(11) = 569.158, p < 0.001; Nagelkerke R2 = 0.212] and girls [χ2(11) = 1,026.189, p < 0.001; Nagelkerke R2 = 0.321]. Being bullied, feeling unsafe or threatened at school, getting very low grades, insufficient sleep, and using illicit drugs were independently associated with perceived cognitive impairment in both boys and girls—after controlling for associations with depression and suicidality. Youth who denied mental health problems, psychosocial adversities, and using illicit drugs reported much lower rates of perceived cognitive impairment (boys = 13%, girls = 15%). Conclusion A remarkably large proportion of high school students in the United States reported experiencing serious difficulty with their cognitive functioning over the past year. Girls were significantly more likely to endorse perceived cognitive difficulties compared to boys. There was a strong association between perceived cognitive impairment and the experience of psychosocial adversity.
EXPLORING THE DARK ACCELERATOR HESS J1745-303 WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE

We present a detailed analysis of the γ-ray emission from HESS J1745-303 with the data obtained by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in its first ∼29 month observation. The source can clearly be detected at the levels of ∼18σ and ∼6σ in 1–20 GeV and 10–20 GeV, respectively. We do not find any evidence of the variability seen in the results obtained by the Compton Gamma-ray Observatory. Most of the emission in 10–20 GeV is found to coincide with region C of HESS J1745-303. A simple power law is sufficient to describe the GeV spectrum with a photon index of Γ ∼ 2.6. The power-law spectrum inferred in the GeV regime can be connected to that of a particular spatial component of HESS J1745-303 in 1–10 TeV without any spectral break. These properties impose independent constraints for understanding the nature of this “dark particle accelerator. ”
Star-forming galaxies with hot dust emission in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey discovered by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)

We present the results of a search for Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) emission-line galaxies with very red 3. 4µm - 4. 6µm (W1 W2) colours in the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) Preliminary Release Source Catalogue (PRSC) aiming to find objects with hot dust emission. For this purpose we considered a sample of � 16000 galaxies with strong emission lines selected out of a total of � 900000 SDSS spectra and identified them with the PRSC sources . We find that � 5000 sources out of the � 16000 SDSS galaxies are present in the PRSC, including � 1000 galaxies with sufficiently strong [O III] �4363 emission lines to permit reliable determinations of the oxygen abundance. No correlation of W1 W2 with metallicity is found. On the other hand, there is clear
Dynamic change of bacterial diversity, metabolic pathways, and flavor during ripening of the Chinese fermented sausage

Chinese fermented sausage is a famous fermented meat product with a complex microbiota that has a potential impact on flavor and quality. In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum MSZ2 and Staphylococcus xylosus YCC3 were used as starter cultures to investigate the change in bacterial diversity, metabolic pathways, and flavor compounds during the ripening process of fermented sausages. High-throughput sequencing technology and headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) were applied for characterizing the profiles of bacterial diversity, metabolic pathways, and flavor compounds in sausage samples on days 0, 6, and 12 during ripening. Results showed that Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella were the most abundant bacterial genera found in the sausage samples during all stages of fermentation. Functional prediction reveals the abundance of 12 different metabolic pathways, the most important pathways are carbohydrate metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. A total of 63 volatile compounds were successfully identified in fermented sausage samples. Correlational analysis demonstrated that Staphylococcus and Leuconostoc were closely related to the formation of flavor compounds. Therefore, the present study may provide guidance for future use of microbiota to improve flavor, quality, and preservation of fermented sausages.
Comprehensive analysis of the clinical significance, immune infiltration, and biological role of MARCH ligases in HCC

The membrane‐associated RING‐CH (MARCH) family, a member of the E3 ubiquitin ligases, has been confirmed by a growing number of studies to be associated with immune function and has been highlighted as a potential immunotherapy target. In our research, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients were divided into C1 and C2 MARCH ligase-related patterns by the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm. Multiple analyses revealed that the MARCH ligase-related cluster was related to prognosis, clinicopathological characteristics, and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Next, the signature (risk score) of the MARCH prognosis was constructed, including eight genes associated with the MARCH ligase (CYP2C9, G6PD, SLC1A5, SPP1, ANXA10, CDC20, PON1, and FTCD). The risk score showed accuracy and stability. We found that the correlations between risk score and TIME, tumor mutation burden (TMB), prognosis, and clinicopathological characteristics were significant. Additionally, the risk score also had important guiding significance for HCC treatment, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).
Analysis of the blood bacterial composition of patients with acute coronary syndrome and chronic coronary syndrome

Emerging evidence revealed that the blood microbiota plays a role in several non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease. However, the role of circulating microbes in atherosclerosis remains understudied. To test this hypothesis, we performed this study to investigate the microbial profile in the blood of Chines atherosclerosis volunteers. A total of seventy Acute Coronary Syndrome patients, seventy Chronic Coronary Syndrome patients, and seventy healthy individuals were examined using high-throughput Illumina Novaseq targeting the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. The relationship between atherosclerosis and blood microbiome, clinical variables, and their functional pathways were also investigated. Our study observed significantly higher alpha diversity indices (Chao1, p = 0.001, and Shannon, p = 0.004) in the acute coronary syndrome group compared with chronic coronary syndrome and healthy group, although a significantly lower alpha diversity was observed in the chronic coronary syndrome compared to acute coronary syndrome and healthy group. Beta diversity based on principal coordinate analysis demonstrated a major separation among the three groups. In addition, using linear discriminant analysis, a significant distinct taxon such as Actinobacteria _ phylum, and Staphylococcus_ genus in the healthy group; Firmicutes_ phylum, and Lactobacillus_ genus in the chronic coronary syndrome group, and Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota _ phyla in acute coronary syndrome group were observed among three groups. Clusters of Orthologous Genes grouped and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways suggested a significant variation among all groups (p < 0.05). The blood microbiota analysis provides potential biomarkers for the detection of coronary syndromes in this population.
Effect of exercise training on nitric oxide and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) production: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Exercise and physical activity can improve circulation through various mechanisms, such as the increment of nitric oxide (NO) production, by affecting vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although, theoretically, this mechanism is well known, studies in living subjects have made controversial findings regarding the association of NO production and its metabolites [nitrate/nitrite (NOx)] with physical activity. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to gather all these studies and evaluate the effects of exercise training, and physical activity duration and length on the mean change of serum/plasma NO and NOx. Method: We searched all available bibliographic electronic databases from inception through to May 2022 to include all randomized controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-experimental trials which assessed the effect of exercise and training on NO and NOx levels. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of included RCT studies which assessed the effect of training. Stratified meta-analysis was performed according to the type of exercise (high-intensity interval training (HIIT), aerobic training (AT), the duration of exercise (≤8 and > 8 weeks), and length of exercise in each session ≥40 and 40 < minutes). Results: Overall, 15 and 10 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. According to the random-effects meta-analysis, exercise significantly increased the mean change of NO and NOx compared to control (SMD: 1.82, 95%CI: 1.14 to 2.49. In the stratified meta-analysis, the mean change of NO and NOx in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group in the AT (SMD: 1.36, 95%CI: 0.55–2.18), HIIT (SMD: 2.55, 95%CI: 1.14–3.96), duration of ≤8 (SMD: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.24–3.35) and > 8 weeks (SMD: 1.19, 95%CI: 0.52–1.86), length of ≥40 (SMD: 1.61, 95%CI: 1.04–2.18), and 40 < minutes in each session (SMD: 2.07, 95%CI: 0.79–3.35). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that, regardless of exercise duration, length, and type (AT or HIIT), exercise can significantly increase serum NO and NOx levels.
Comparison of the acute effects of Tai chi versus high-intensity interval training on inhibitory control in individuals with substance use disorder

Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a single session of Tai chi (TC) exercise and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on inhibitory control in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD). Methods A total 47 males with methamphetamine dependence were recruited from a compulsory drug rehabilitation center; participation in this study was voluntary. The participants were randomly assigned to the TC group or the HIIT group, and computer-based Go/No-go and Stroop tasks were used to assess inhibitory control in an indoor setting prior to and following exercise. Independent sample t-test was applied for baseline comparison of continuous variables, while analysis of variance was applied to test differences in the effect of each intervention before and after a single session of exercise. Results In Go/No-go test, the reaction time of the TC and HIIT groups in the post-test was shorter than that at the baseline, and the response accuracy of the post-test were higher than that of the baseline. In the Stroop task, the reaction time of two groups in the post-test was shorter than that at the baseline; while, greater improvement in response accuracy was observed in HIIT group in the post-test than that of the baseline. Conclusion Both TC and HIIT can promote inhibitory control in individuals with SUD. Compared with the TC group, the HIIT group showed greater improvements in response accuracy. These findings demonstrate the potential of TC and HIIT in improving cognition in SUD. Clinical trial registration [http://www.chictr. org.cn/], identifier [ChiCTR1900022158].
A 7 deg2 survey for galaxy-scale gravitational lenses with the HST imaging archive

We present the results of a visual search for galaxy-scale gravitational lenses in similar to 7 deg(2) of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. The data set comprises the whole imaging data ever taken with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) in the filter F814W (I-band) up to 2011 August 31, i.e. 6.03 deg(2) excluding the field of the Cosmic Evolution Survey which has been the subject of a separate visual search. In addition, we have searched for lenses in the whole Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) near-IR imaging data set in all filters (1.01 deg(2)) up to the same date. Our primary goal is to provide a sample of lenses with a broad range of different morphologies and lens-source brightness contrast in order to estimate a lower limit to the number of galaxy-scale strong lenses in the future Euclid survey in its VIS band. Our criteria to select lenses are purely morphological as we do not use any colour or redshift information. The final candidate selection is very conservative hence leading to a nearly pure but incomplete sample. We find 49 new lens candidates: 40 in the ACS images and 9 in the WFC3 images. Out of these, 16 candidates are secure lenses owing to their striking morphology, 21 more are very good candidates and 12 more have morphologies compatible with gravitational lensing but also compatible with other astrophysical objects such as ring and chain galaxies or mergers. Interestingly, some lens galaxies include low surface brightness galaxies, compact groups and mergers. The imaging data set is heterogeneous in depth and spans a broad range of galactic latitudes. It is therefore insensitive to cosmic variance and allows us to estimate the number of galaxy-scale strong lenses on the sky for a putative survey depth, which is the main result of this work. Because of the incompleteness of the sample, the estimated lensing rates should be taken as lower limits. Using these, we anticipate that a 15 000 deg(2) space survey such as Euclid will find at least 60 000 galaxy-scale strong lenses down to a limiting AB magnitude of I = 24.5 (10 Sigma) or I = 25.8 (3 Sigma).
Closure to “Centrifuge Model Tests of Liquefaction-Induced Downdrag on Piles in Uniform Liquefiable Deposits”

: Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction can cause settlement around piles, which can translate to negative skin friction and the development of drag load and settlement of the piles. A series of centrifuge model tests were performed to assess liquefaction-induced downdrag and understand the interplay and effects of (1) pile embedment and pile-head load, (2) excess pore pressure generation and dissipation, and (3) reconsolidation and ground settlement on pile response during and postshaking. The model included a layered soil profile (clay, liquefiable sand, and dense sand) with two 635-mm-diameter instrumented piles. One pile was placed with its tip at the bottom of the liquefiable deposit; the other pile was embedded five diameters into the dense sand layer. The model was shaken with multiple earthquake motions with their peak horizontal accelerations ranging from 0.025 to 0 . 4 g . For each shaking event, the drag load on the piles first decreased during shaking and then increased during reconsolidation, exceeding its preshaking value. With multiple shaking events, the net drag load on the piles increased. The maximum observed drag load was found equal to the drained interface shear strength calculated from the interface friction angle of δ ¼ 30 ° and a lateral stress coefficient of K ¼ 1 . Larger drag loads and smaller settlements were observed for the pile embedded deep in the dense sand layer. Most of the pile settlements occurred during shaking; postshaking pile settlement was less than 2% of the pile ’ s diameter. The mechanisms behind the development of liquefaction-induced drag load on piles and settlements are described. Select ramifications concerning the design of piles in liquefiable soils are also described. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002817. © 2022 Civil Engineers.
Prebiotic Role of Chitosan Oligosaccharides on Health Status, Blood Chemistry and Diarrhoeal Patterns in Neonatal Calves

Prebiotic Role of Chitosan Oligosaccharides on Health Status, Blood Chemistry and Diarrhoeal Patterns in Neonatal Calves. Vet Med Animal Sci. Abstract TThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prebiotic role of chitosan oligosaccharides on health status, blood chem istry and diarrheal patterns in neonatal calves. A total of 50 local shahiwal crossbreed female calves aged 1 to 5 days whose initial body weight (24 + 1.0 kg) more or less simi lar were randomly allocated into two (n=25) experimental groups. The control group (n= 25) were fed milk replacer without no additives and prebiotic group (n= 25) were fed milk replacer with prebiotic (COS) 5 gm per day. Milk replac er were offered twice a day. Normal milk and water were of fered
A Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Novel Surfactant-Based Endodontic Irrigant Regimen's on Enterococcus faecalis

Introduction: Irrigants play an important role in the eradication of microorganisms in the complex root canal system. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX), and iodine potassium iodide (IKI) have certain limitations despite their routine clinical use. Surfactant irrigants with antimicrobial properties can be a milestone in endodontics to overcome the drawbacks of conventional irrigants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of surfactants in comparison with routine endodontic irrigants on Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Primary irrigants NaOCl, CHX, IKI were prepared at concentrations of 5%, 2.5%, 2%, and 1%; while mixture of tetracycline acid and detergent (MTAD) (100%) served as control group. Surfactants such as cetrimide (CTR) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were prepared at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. The direct contact assay was used to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy after 5 min. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: In the primary group, only 5% CHX was significant over MTAD (P < 0.05). In the surfactant group, all concentrations of CTR and SDS (except 0.5%) were significant (P < 0.05) in killing E. faecalis over MTAD. Two percent CHX in combination with 0.5% CTR and 1% SDS had an effective kill percentage over 2% CHX and MTAD alone. Conclusion: Surfactant irrigant regimens can be used as adjuncts with CHX to overcome its clinical limitations and potentiate its substantivity, thereby enhancing clinical success in endodontics.
Soft Tissue Augmentation Using De-Epithelialized Free Gingival Graft Compared to Single-line Incision Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft in the Management of Miller Class I and II Gingival Recession: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Aims: The purpose of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to clinically assess soft tissue augmentation and compare patients' morbidity and root coverage outcomes of coronally advanced flap (CAF) with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) versus de-epithelialized free gingival graft (DFGG) in the management of Miller Class I and II gingival recession. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight patients with Miller's Class I or II gingival recession (GR) defects were randomly assigned into two equal parallel groups treated with either CAF + SCTG, harvested using single-line incision technique (control), or CAF + DFGG (test). Gingival thickness (GT), recession depth, recession width, percentage of root coverage, keratinized tissue width, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed postoperatively, including pain, stress, bleeding, and inability to chew. Patients' overall satisfaction and root coverage esthetic scores were recorded at 6 months. Results: Both groups demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in all clinical outcomes after 3 and 6 months compared to baseline. DFGG showed a statistically significant increase in GT after 6 months. No statistically significant difference was detected in other clinical outcomes between both groups at different time intervals. Both treatments achieved 92.9% complete root coverage. Patients treated with CAF + DFGG reported significantly higher stress and inability to chew scores after 2 weeks than those treated with SCTG. There were no significant differences in patient satisfaction between both groups. Conclusions: CAF + SCTG and CAF + DFGG were both effective and can be applied safely in treating Miller Class I and II GRs.