Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deciphering tau-related dementia using human iPSC lines: electrophysiological perspectives of future studies

To date, no disease-modifying treatment or cure is available for dementia. This disorder is becoming more common as the global population ages. There has been over several decades of extensive research focusing on how the pathology develops and progresses causing memory loss, brain damage, and eventually death – it provides the field with a deep understanding of what proteins, peptides, and signaling molecules contribute to neurodegeneration at the molecular, genetic, and cellular levels. The problem is, however, that there is a wide range of dementia types. A given disease can span heterogeneous clinical syndromes with diverse symptomatology, no matter whether it is “senile dementia” or an earlyonset form; moreover, it encompasses the mixed features of many syndromes in later stages of the disease. In confirmation of this, animal models, despite being purposely designed and widely used in dementia research, usually do not fully replicate neuropathological profiles that match pathological changes found in the human brain, much less in cognitive and intellectual decline as it occurs in patients. This made it hitherto insurmountable for scientists to conceptualize the basis underlying nerve cell dysfunctions in a range of dementias.
Physiological, Pathological and Pharmacological Interactions of Hydrogen Sulphide and Nitric Oxide in the Myocardium of Rats with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is characterized by increased myocardium thickness due to increased oxidative stress and downregulation of cystathione γ lyase (CSE) endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Upregulation of CSE by hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and ENOS by L-arginine can arrest the progression of LVH individually. The present study explored the combined treatment of H2S and NO in the progression of LVH, and demonstrated that the response is due to H2S, NO or formation of either new molecule in physiological, pathological, and pharmacological in vivo settings of LVH. Exogenous administration H2S+NO in LVH significantly reduced (all p < 0.05) systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), LV index, heart index and oxidative stress when compared to the LVH group. There was downregulation of CSE mRNA and eNOS in the heart, and exogenous administration of H2S+NO groups upregulated eNOS MRNA while CSE MRNA remained downregulated in the hearts of the LVH group. Similar trends were observed with concentrations of H2S and NO in the plasma and tissue. It can be concluded that combined treatment of LVH with H2S and NO significantly ameliorate the progression of LVH by attenuating systemic hemodynamic and physical indices, and by decreasing oxidative stress. Molecular expression data in the myocardium of LVH depicts that combined treatment upregulated eNOS/NO while it downregulated CSE/H2S pathways in in vivo settings, and it is always eNOS/NO pathways which play a major role.
Effect of Beverage Consumption Frequency on DMFT Index among Iranian Adult Population: An AZAR Cohort Study

Background Given the effect of oral and dental condition on emotional and physical health and the different effects of beverage consumption on decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) as one of the indicators of oral health in different populations, this study aimed to investigate the effect of beverage consumption and its frequency on DMFT among Iranian adult population. Materials and Methods The data of this cross-sectional study were obtained from AZAR (Azerbaijan) cohort, conducted on 15,006 adults aged 35 to 70 years old in Shabestar County, Iran. Demographic and nutritional data were collected by nutritionists through the “Food Frequency Questionnaire,” and DMFT index by general practitioners trained by a dentist according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Beverages including milk, doogh, natural fruit juice, black tea, nonalcoholic beer, coffee, sugar-sweetened beverages, and artificial fruit juice were studied. Results A total of 14,966 adults with the mean age of 49.64 ± 9.28 were enrolled. The participants' mean DMFT value was 21.27 ± 8.95. Weekly consumption of tea and coffee beverages resulted in 13% (95% confidence interval: 3% to 22%) lower DMFT compared to daily consumption (p=0.01). However, there was no association between DMFT and other beverages. Conclusion The higher DMFT values with the daily consumption of tea and coffee beverages showed that a part of adults' oral health is affected by beverages; therefore, this should be considered by healthcare authorities in order to manage carries development in the communities.
Outcomes of 2111 COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients Treated with Hydroxychloroquine/Azithromycin and Other Regimens in Marseille, France, 2020: A Monocentric Retrospective Analysis

Objectives We evaluated the 6-week mortality of SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized patients treated using a standardized protocol in 2020 in Marseille, France. Methods A retrospective monocentric cohort study was conducted in the standard hospital wards at the Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, between March and December 2020 in adults with SARS-CoV-2 PCR-proven infection. Results Of the 2111 hospitalized patients (median age, 67 [IQR 55–79] years; 1154 [54.7%] men), 271 were transferred to the intensive care unit (12.8%) and 239 died (11.3%; the mean age of patients who died was 81.2 (±9.9)). Treatment with hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin (HCQ-AZ), used in 1270 patients, was an independent protective factor against death (0.68 [0.52 – 0.88]). This effect was consistent for all subgroups of age, comorbidities, severity of the disease and comedications with zinc or corticosteroids. Zinc was independently protective against death (0.39 [0.23 – 0.67]), in a subgroup analysis of patients treated with HCQ-AZ without dexamethasone. The use of high-flow oxygen therapy in elderly patients who were not eligible for intensive care unit transfer saved 19 patients (33.9%). Conclusions In our 2020 cohort, treating COVID-19 with HCQ-AZ was associated with lower mortality. These results need to be analyzed in the context of academic discussions about observational studies versus randomized clinical trials. More data will deserve to be analyzed in the SARS-Cov 2 variants, vaccination and post-vaccination era.
The 4 T's of ITP: Tailoring Therapies to Treat Thrombocytopenia

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by the destruction of platelets and megakaryocytes. Its management has changed significantly in recent years, and at JADPRO Live Virtual 2021, David Hughes, PharmD, BCOP, reviewed the background and pathophysiology of ITP and clinical practice guidelines with an emphasis on patient preference when selecting first and subsequent lines of therapies in the chronic ITP setting.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Local Government Administration and Rural Development in Rivers State: A Study of Tai Local Government Area, 2005-2015, Nigeria

third of Abstract: Grassroots development and governance are among the cardinal objectives of establishing the local government system in Nigeria. However, the attainment of these objectives has been a major challenge in Country. This has led to a lot of discourses over the relevance of the local government system in contemporary Nigeria. This study, examined the local government administration and rural development in Rivers State with focus on Tai Local Government Council, 2005-2015. The aim of the study was to interrogate the contributions of the Local Government to rural development, while the specific objectives were amongst others to assess the impact of Local Government on rural development in Tai Local Government Area. The study adopted the human needs theory as the theoretical framework and secondary data was utilized, while content analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings indicated that the Council’s efforts towards delivering effective rural development projects is hampered by corruption, and other institutional decays. It therefore, contends that Tai Local Government Council has contributed to the development of rural communities through the provision of services that engendered socioeconomic development, which has improved the living condition of the people. The study recommended amongst others institutional restructuring, that would include the further alteration of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (As Amended) to engender greater autonomy of the Local Government Councils. This is a panacea to greater grassroots development.
Dynamical Mass Generations and Collective Excitations in the (Supersymmetric-)Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model and a Gauge Theory with Left-Right-Asymmetric Majorana Mass Terms

The structure of effective potential surface of the Nambu$-$Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model with right-left asymmetric Majorana mass terms (corresponds to the single-flavor type-II seesaw situation of neutrino) is investigated. After the dynamical generation of Dirac mass, two collective modes appear similar to the case of ordinary NJL model, and the phase mode (phason), which corresponds to majoron or pion at vanishing Majorana mass parameter(s), has an excitation mass. The mechanism of generation of phason as a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson is examined by a mathematical manner, summarized into a theorem (claims as the generalized Nambu-Goldstone theorem). The mass of phason is also evaluated in a supersymmetric version of the NJL-type model, and phason mass takes the order of that of axion commonly accepted today. An $SU(2_{c})$-gauge model is constructed for the context of neutrino seesaw mechanism, and the Schwinger-Dyson equation of dynamical mass functions is examined. Several physical implications such as decay modes of phason, a non-linear sigma model for phason are given. It is proposed that the method/result of this paper can be applied to an understanding on the origin of the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix.
Title: Newborn T Cell and Microbiota Developmental Trajectories and Their Inter-related Roles in Health and Disease

Neonatal immune-microbiota co-development is poorly understood, yet appropriate recognition of – and response to – pathogens and commensal microbiota is critical to health. In this longitudinal study of 133 preand 79 full-term infants from birth through one year of age we found that postmenstrual age, or weeks from conception, is the dominant factor influencing T cell and mucosal microbiota development. However, numerous features of the T cell and microbiota trajectories remain unexplained by host age, and are better explained by discrete peri. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It . https://doi.org/10.1101/736090 doi: bioRxiv preprint
From Lysosomes to the Plasma Membrane LOCALIZATION OF VACUOLAR TYPE H -ATPase WITH THE a3 ISOFORM DURING OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION*

Osteoclasts generate a massive acid flux to mobilize bone calcium. Local extracellular acidification is carried out by vacuolar type H -ATPase (V-ATPase) localized in the plasma membrane. We have shown that a3, one of the four subunit a isoforms (a1, a2, a3, and a4), is a component of the plasma membrane V-ATPase (Toyomura, T., Oka, T., Yamaguchi, C., Wada, Y., and Futai, M. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 8760–8765). To establish the unique localization of V-ATPase, we have used a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, that can differentiate into multinuclear osteoclast-like cells on stimulation with RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor B ligand). The V-ATPase with the a3 isoform was localized to late endosomes and lysosomes, whereas those with the a1 and a2 isoforms were localized to organelles other than lysosomes. After stimulation, the V-ATPase with the a3 isoform was immunochemically colocalized with lysosome marker lamp2 and was detected in acidic organelles. These organelles were also colocalized with microtubules, and the signals of lamp2 and a3 were dispersed by nocodazole, a microtubule depolymerizer. In RAW-derived osteoclasts cultured on mouse skull pieces, the a3 isoform was transported to the plasma membrane facing the bone and accumulated inside podosome rings. These findings indicate that V-ATPases with the a3 isoform localized in late endosomes/lysosomes are transported to the cell periphery during differentiation and finally assembled into the plasma membrane of mature osteoclasts.
Synaptic Annealing: Anisotropic Simulated Annealing and its Application to Neural Network Synaptic Weight Selection

Machine learning algorithms have become a ubiquitous, indispensable part of modern life. Neural networks are one of the most successful classes of machine learning algorithms, and have been applied to solve problems previously considered to be the exclusive domain of human intellect. Several methods for selecting neural network con gurations exist. The most common such method is error back-propagation. Backpropagation often produces neural networks that perform well, but do not achieve an optimal solution. This research explores the e ectiveness of an alternative feed-forward neural network weight selection procedure called synaptic annealing. Synaptic annealing is the application of the simulated annealing algorithm to the problem of selecting synaptic weights in a feed-forward neural network. A novel formalism describing the combination of simulated annealing and neural networks is developed. Additionally, a novel extension of the simulated annealing algorithm, called anisotropicity, is de ned and developed. The cross-validated performance of each synaptic annealing algorithm is evaluated, and compared to back-propagation when trained on several typical machine learning problems. Synaptic annealing is found to be considerably more e ective than traditional back-propagation training on classi cation and function approximation data sets. These signi cant improvements in feed-forward neural network training performance indicate that synaptic annealing may be a viable alternative to back-propagation in many applications of neural networks.
Inquiry: The Journal of the Virginia Community Colleges Inquiry: The Journal of the Virginia Community Colleges The Predictive Relationship Between Personality, GPA, and The Predictive Relationship Between Personality, GPA, and Membership in Nontraditional Student Populations Membership in Nontradit

Community colleges are academic institutions with a large number of nontraditional students whose needs must be understood before their academic needs can be fully addressed. Previous research studies have established a positive correlation between academic performance and the personality traits of Conscientiousness and Openness to Experiences, and to a lesser extent the traits of Extraversion and Agreeableness. In contrast, a negative correlation has been demonstrated between the trait of Neuroticism and academic performance. These studies were conducted primarily in four-year institutions, making the generalization of results to community college students inappropriate. The present study explored the predictive relationship between personality traits, GPA, and membership into a traditional and nontraditional student category using a non-experimental regression research design. A stepwise forward logistic regression was conducted with data provided by 163 students attending a major community college in the Southeastern region of the United States. Results indicated the trait of Neuroticism accounts for about 10% of the variability between traditional and nontraditional students, thus serving as a predictor variable. Information regarding how faculty members and staff can utilize study findings, as well as recommendation for future studies, are included.
Residual based sampling in POD model order reduction of drift‐diffusion equations in parametrized electrical networks

We consider integrated circuits with semiconductors modeled by modified nodal analysis and drift‐diffusion equations. The drift‐diffusion equations are discretized in space using mixed finite element method. This discretization yields a high dimensional differential‐algebraic equation. We show how proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) can be used to reduce the dimension of the model. We compare reduced and fine models and give numerical results for a basic network with one diode. Furthermore we discuss an adaptive approach to construct POD models which are valid over certain parameter ranges.
An FPGA-Oriented Baseband Modulator Architecture for 4G/5G Communication Scenarios

The next evolution in cellular communications will not only improve upon the performance of previous generations, but also represent an unparalleled expansion in the number of services and use cases. One of the foundations for this evolution is the design of highly flexible, versatile, and resource-/power-efficient hardware components. This paper proposes and evaluates an FPGA-oriented baseband processing architecture suitable for communication scenarios such as non-contiguous carrier aggregation, centralized Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) processing, and 4G/5G waveform coexistence. Our system is upgradeable, resource-efficient, cost-effective, and provides support for three 5G waveform candidates. Exploring Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration (DPR), the proposed architecture expands the design space exploration beyond the available hardware resources on the Zynq xc7z020 through hardware virtualization. Additionally, Dynamic Frequency Scaling (DFS) allows for run-time adjustment of processing throughput and reduces power consumption up to 88%. The resource overhead for DPR and DFS is residual, and the reconfiguration latency is two orders of magnitude below the control plane latency requirements proposed for 5G communications.
Chemically-induced Rapid Sensitization in Restrained Larval Zebrafish ( )

The larval form of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) holds significant promise as a model vertebrate system for understanding the neural mechanisms of behavior. This promise arises from two particularly attractive properties of zebrafish larva: their translucence, which permits robust optogenetic manipulations, and their possession of a relatively simple neural circuitry, which facilitates cellular analysis of behavior. In particular, past studies successfully demonstrated behavioral changes in fish as young as five days post fertilization (DPF) via transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) ion channel activation mediated by the chemical irritant allyl isothiocyanate (mustard oil - MO). In the present study, we found that 10 µM total bath concentration of MO significantly increased the duration of tail activity responses in 5 and 6 DPF, agarose-restrained larval zebrafish compared to control treated animals. Further, we recapitulated this sensitizing effect in agarose-restrained older fish, 12 DPF, and to our knowledge, uniquely, in fish as young as 3 DPF. Together, these results indicate the immense promise that zebrafish hold as a neurobiologically tractable animal model for the study of learning and memory, especially non-associative memory.
Moore-Read Fractional Quantum Hall wavefunctions and SU(2) quiver gauge theories

We identify Moore-Read wave functions, describing non-Abelian statistics in fractional quantum Hall systems, with the instanton partition of N = 2 superconformal quiver gauge theories at suitable values of masses and Ω-background parameters. This is obtained by extending to rational conformal field theories the SU(2) gauge quiver/Liouville field theory duality recently found by Alday-Gaiotto-Tachikawa. A direct link between the Moore-Read Hall n-body wave functions and ℤ n -equivariant Donaldson polynomials is pointed out.
B6zier Modelling of Cracks

There has been a lot of interest recently in statistical image analysis using global image models [1-4], as opposed to pixel-based methods. Here we present an application that is ideally suited to a global parameterisation. Art historians are keen to be able to establish the period and region of old paintings, as this can help identify fakes. One way of doing this is by examination of the patterns of cracks on the surface of the paint layer [5]. These cracks evolve over many years and are characteristic of the material and paint composition. Research in this area is still in its early stages. Some examples of some actual crack patterns are shown in Fig. 1.
Genetic Diversity Studies in MAGIC Population of Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Based on Mahalanobis D 2 Distance

Soybean MAGIC lines are highly variable breeding material which utilizes both recent and historic genetic recombination events. Present investigation was carried out to assess the genetic diversity present among 95 soybean MAGIC lines along with six checks for 10 different quantitative traits. All the genotypes were grouped into 16 clusters by performing Tocher’s clustering method using Mahalanobis D 2 distance. Cluster I was the largest comprising of 30 genotypes followed by cluster II (23 genotypes), cluster X (15 genotypes) and cluster IX (9 genotypes). The maximum genetic distance (D 2 ) was observed between cluster XI and XV (168.37) followed by cluster III and XV Swar IJPSS, 33(5): 18-25, 2021; (164.3), cluster X and XV (149.64) as well as between cluster XII and cluster XVI (145.99). The cluster mean for most of the traits were high in cluster I and cluster XVI. Oil content contributed maximum (23.86%) towards total genetic diversity followed by number of pods plant -1 (18.97%), seed yield plant -1 (18.63%), 100 seed weight (11.05%) and number of branches plant -1 (10.16%) traits. The soybean MAGIC lines belong to the cluster XI (6-120) and cluster XV (6-30, 6-31, 6-5) were found to be the most divergent hence can be utilised in the recombination breeding programs to exploit maximum heterosis.
Localization of Granzyme B in the Nucleus A PUTATIVE ROLE IN THE MECHANISM OF CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTE-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS*

One mechanism used by cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells to kill target cells involves synergy between the pore-forming protein, perforin, and a serine protease termed granzyme B, both constituents of the cytoplasmic granules of cytolytic lymphocytes. Exposing susceptible cells to perforin and granzyme B results in apoptosis, the morphological consequences of which are most clearly seen in the nucleus. It is conventionally accepted that perforin acts by perforating the target cell membrane; however, the site andmode of action of granzyme B are unknown. We have addressed this issue using Western blotting, proteolytic assays, and confocal laser scanning microscopy to demonstrate that purified human granzyme B can be taken up in large amounts and bound within nuclei. By contrast, perforin and nongranzyme serine proteases did not undergo nuclear uptake. Both unglycosylated human granzyme B (26 kDa) and that bearing high mannose glycosylation (32 kDa) were internalized and bound within nuclei, but forms greater than 32 kDa with complex carbohydrate addition were excluded. The uptake of granzymes was not dependent on net charge, as nuclei absorbed similar quantities of granzyme B at neutral pH and through a range of basic pHs but did not take up other very basic serine proteases such as the mouse mast cell protease 5. Confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated nuclear and nucleolar accumulation of fluoresceinated granzyme B by isolated nuclei. Measurement of the kinetics of nuclear import using an in vitro nuclear transport assay indicated maximal levels of nuclear accumulation of granzyme about 2.5-fold above those in the cytoplasm and nucleolar accumulation a further 3–4-fold higher. Nuclear and nucleolar accumulation were exceedingly rapid, reaching half-maximal levels within 3.3 and 7.5 min, respectively, implying that nuclear accumulation probably occurs prior to transport to the nucleolus. Our observations may provide a mechanism explaining how aspartate-specific cell death proteases access the nuclear substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, the cleavage of which is an early event in apoptosis.