Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF PHOTOPERIOD ON CIRCADIAN PROTEIN AND PROTEASE RHYTHMS IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF SILKWORM,

The Silkworm digestive system, with its distinct regions of foregut, midgut and hindgut together with glandular components constitutes the first site wherein the mulberry leaf is subjected to chemical treatment for its ultimate conversion to silk, the exquisite fiber of sericulture industry (Cermenati et al., 2007). The digestive juice is a rich source of digestive enzymes, ions, vitamins and many more biochemical constituents that emanate from glandular cells of the gut wall and from the diet (Santos et al., 1984; Terra and Ferreria, 2005; Xia et al., 2007). In view of its importance in digestion and absorption of mulberry leaves, the biochemical assays of the gut and its contents have emerged as potential areas of research in silkworm biochemistry. Largely, the biochemical studies focused on the ontogenic variations in proteins, lipids, amino acids and nucleic acids during the life cycle of Bombyx mori (Yamashita and Hasegawa, 1974; Horie et al., 1982; Konno et al., 1996; Leonardi et al., 2001; Ponnuvel et al., 2003; Ravikumar and Sarangi, 2004). Protein-uptake from the mulberry diet and its digestion by proteases in the gut is of special interest, as the amino acids so generated, provide raw materials for the silk protein synthesis in the silk gland. Hence, the profiles of these two biochemical constituents (proteins and proteases) have been extensively studied with reference to larval development and metamorphosis (Yamashita and Hasegawa, 1974; Engelmann and Geraerts, 1980; Horie et al., 1982; Sarangi and Anitha, 2007). Despite the availability of voluminous data on ontogenic protein changes (Yamashita and Hasegawa, 1974; Horie et al., 1982; Konno et al., 1996; Leonardi et al., 2001; Ponnuvel et al., 2003; Ravikumar and Sarangi, 2004), the circadian protein changes in the silkworm gut have not been taken-up so far. Nevertheless, the circadian studies on silkworm clock genes and their expression pattern and products such as TIM, PER, CRY, DBT (Naidoo et al., 1999; Froy et al 2003; Hall, 2003; Sharma, 2003; Satyanarayana et al., 2004; Sehadova et al., 2004; Iwai et al., 2006) and those on proteins and amino acid profiles of the silk gland, fat body, haemolymph and segmental muscle (Sailaja and Sivaprasad, 2010, a, b., Sailaja et al., 2011; Sivaprasad and Sailaja, 2011) have immensely contributed to the understanding of the silkworm chronobiology. Additionally, such studies on the protein profiles of the gut would facilitate setting appropriate dietary timings for the silkworm. The current investigation attempts to analyze circadian rhythmic changes in the profiles of total proteins vis-a-vis the protease activity in the digestive system of B. mori under altered photoperiodic conditions.
Spinal Extradural Meningioma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

The diagnosis of the spinal meningiomas is not very difficult based on radiologic findings and typical locations. However, diagnostic difficulties occur when the meningioma has atypical imaging characteristics or is in an unfamiliar location. Spinal meningiomas, which accounts for approximately 12% of all meningioma, are mostly intradural extramedullary in location (1). Some cases of intradural spinal meningiomas are associated with extradural extensions; however, it is uncommon to have pure epidural location. Extradural spinal meningiomas account for only 2.5% to 3.5% of all spinal meningioma (2). We report a case of pathologically confirmed spinal epidural meningioma. Additionally, we review the literature and the radiographic features of meningioma in unusual locations. Case RepORT
The antibacterial effects of ellagic acid on Mutans Strepto- cocci in comparison to Chlorhexidine

Background: Ellagic acid is a nutraceutical contains a naturally occurring poly-phenol compound that has strong anti-oxidant and anti carcinogenic properties. According to previous researches ellagic acid has anti-viral, antibacterial. Mutans streptococci are the most cariogenic microorganism responsible for initiation of dental caries. Ellagic acid is used in treatment of several diseases besides its effect on periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to test the effects of Pomegranate extracts (ellagic acid) on growth, adherence effects and acidogenicity of Mutants Streptococci. Results The results showed that, all concentration of ellagic acid were effective in inhibition of Mutans Streptococci, The inhibition increased with increasing the concentration of ellagic acid, starting from 0.625 to 10 mg/ml. However the concentration of ellagic acid 5, 10 mg/ml showed stronger effects than chlorhexidine 0.2% and deionized water. Conclusion: The effects of both 5, 10 mg/ml ellagic acid were tested on the viability counts of salivary Mutans Streptococci in vitro. The results showed that, highly significant differences (P<0.001) were reported between 5, 10 mg/ml of ellagic acid when compared to control in the reduction of viable counts of Mutans Streptococci in vitro, on the other hand, the effective concentrations of ellagic acid 5 and 10 mg/ml were able to inhibit the adherence of mutans streptococci to teeth surface and to retard the process of acid production of mutans streptococci in vitro. Stimulated salivary samples were collected from (18) volunteers before and after rinsing. The results showed Chlorhexidine o.2% and de-ionized water after half an hour in reducing the counts of salivary Streptococci and Mutans Streptococci . The antibacterial effects of ellagic acid seem to remain for more than two hours.
Testing Three-Way Complementarities: Incentives, Monitoring and Information Technology

We present evidence on the three-way complementarities among information technology (IT), performance pay, and monitoring practices. We first develop a principal-agent model modeling how these practices work together as a tightly knit incentive system that produces the largest productivity premium when the practices are implemented in concert. We then assess our model by combining fine-grained data on Human Capital Management (HCM) software adoption with detailed survey data on incentive system for 90 firms over 11 years. We find that the adoption of HCM software is correlated with the use of performance pay, and performance monitoring. Furthermore, HCM adoption is associated with a disproportionately large productivity premium when it is implemented as a system of organizational incentives, but has little or no benefit when adopted in isolation. Interestingly, pair-wise interactions are generally insignificant or even negative when the third practice is missing, highlighting the importance of including all three complements. In principle, performance pay can have effects on motivation, selection or both. Because our survey separately addresses each of these mechanisms, we can also address this question. We find that the complementarities in our sample can be entirely explained by talent selection policies, and not changes in motivation.
POLICY ISSUES FOR AUSTRALIA’S EDUCATION SYSTEMS: EVIDENCE FROM INTERNATIONAL AND AUSTRALIAN SURVEY RESEARCH

The purpose of this paper is to discuss education policy issues in the context of empirical evidence. We address two broad policy areas: education in Australia; and the transition from school to work. This paper draws on research from a variety of sources, in particular international studies of student achievement, and Australian longitudinal studies on the transition from school to work. These studies are summarized in the appendix. Over a period of more than two decades, there has been an accumulation of evidence from these and other sources (such as statistical compilations from the ABS and OECD, and smaller cross-sectional studies) that provide an important basis to inform debates about policy and practice in Australian education.
Peer Grading in Gamiﬁed Blended Learning Environments

—Blended learning and gamiﬁcation have become two main concepts used in higher education, in order to improve students motivation and engagement in course activities. To use gamiﬁcation as a learning approach, it is necessary to apply game elements and principles into the educational context. Game elements, such as badges or experience points, can be used as tools to assess student’s learning outcomes - the professor has to continuous reward student’s work as they produce new learning content. However, this type of assessment procedure cannot scale properly if the number of students is high or if the learning outcomes are too complex to handle. One typical solution to solve this problem is using peer grading as an assessment procedure. In this paper is explored if peer grading can be used as a valid assessment procedure in gamiﬁed blended learning environments. A scalable and modular peer grading plug-in was developed and instantiated in a higher education course (with blended learning and gamiﬁcation implemented as educational approaches) and evaluated through data collected from the course’ peer grading activity and usability tests. The retrieved data were subsequently analyzed. The results revealed no signiﬁcant difference between the students and professor assessment grades, and that the plug-in system was easy to use but, in some cases, users needed some learning experience to perform more complex actions.
A Study of Correlation of Serum Chromium Level with Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides, among Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common disease and it is a major cause of morbidity; several studies indicate that diabetes is a likely under reported cause of death. Chromium’s is important trace element to control diabetes mellitus and metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein. Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between serum chromium, with HbA1c, Total cholesterol and Triglycerides among type 2 diabetes patients among diabetic patients. Methodology: This is cross-sectional study done in Jabber Abu Ezz Centre for treatment and care of diabetics in Khartoum—Sudan. Four hundred subjects were enrolled in this study; one hundred subjects were normal healthy as control group, and three hundred subjects diabetic patient type 2 as test group; demographic and biochemical data were collected; serum chromium, Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), Total cholesterol Triglycerides, were determined by using NYCOCARD READER II, spectrophotometer (Biosystem 310) and spectrophotometer 210-VGP. Result: In this study there is significant parameters level means of FBS HbA1c, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and Chromium of the test groups when compared with healthy control groups subjects (P = 0.001, 0.018, 0.01, 0.011, 0.004), respectively. Significant negative correlation is between FBS, HbA1c, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and Chromium (r = ? 0.555, P value = 0.003), (r = ? 0.668, P value = 0.002), (r = ? 0.335, P value = 0.004) and (r = ? 0.774, P value = 0.002) respectively. Conclusion: There was significant correlation between serum Chromium level with fasting blood sugaer, Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), Total cholesterol and Triglycerides among type 2 diabetes patients.
Beyond the Password

Nowadays, most of our devices are used to store our personal information and the conventional security mechanism to securely store this data is password. In this report are explained the problems associated with storing personal information when using passwords as a data security mechanism. The workaround for this problem is to use biometrics, rather than passwords, to protect our data within devices. The purpose of this work is to implement a system, called BioAuth, to perform second-level authentication requests using biometrics. To achieve this objective it is first carried out an investigation of already existing works that use biometrics and then an analysis of these same works, where it is concluded that the biometrics most suitable to implement in mobile devices are fingerprints, facial recognition and speech recognition. Finally, is explained the system architecture and implementation, how the system tests were performed and what can be added to the system in the future.
Real-Time Monitoring of Aptamer Functionalization and Detection of Ara H 1 by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Dissipation-Mode Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Peanut allergy, the most common cause of fatal-food-related anaphylaxis, is a lifelong disorder and the only existing therapy is avoidance of allergen-containing food. Detection of Ara h 1, the most important peanut allergen, is commonly performed by immunoassay techniques relying on the use of expensive and relatively unstable antibodies. Aptamers can overcome these drawbacks and offer a great potential for the development of reliable biosensors. Therefore, we will present a novel aptamer-based sensor for the label-free detection of Ara h 1. Amino (NH2)-terminated Ara h 1 aptamers were covalently attached to carboxylated gold surfaces employing carbodiimide chemistry. This functionalization procedure was followed in real time by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. Subsequently, the functionalized surfaces were exposed to Ara h 1 solutions in TGK buffer. By combining the two techniques, we can measure in a wide concentration regime varying from the low nanomolar range (1-15 nM) via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to the higher concentrations (25-250 nM) by microgravimetric detection. In summary, a fast, low-cost and sensitive sensor platform for Ara h 1 detection has been developed, which can be operated as a ‘stand-alone device’, making it well suited for applications such as the screening of trace allergens.
Research observation: Hydrolyzable and condensed tannins in plants of the northwest

Tannins are secondary metabolites that may influence feeding by mammals on plants. We analyzed hydrolyzable and condensed tannins in 30 plant species consumed by livestock and deer, as a preliminary attempt to study their possible implications on browsing and grazing in forest ecosystems. Heathers (Ericaceae) and plants of the Rose (Rosaceae) family had tannins, while forbs, grasses and shrubs other than the heathers did not show astringency properties. We found the highest tannin content of all the species in Rubus sp. , with the highest value around 180 mg TAE/g dry weight in spring. Potentilla erecta, Alnus glutinosa and Quercus robur were next with 57 to 44 mg TAE/g dw. Total tannins in heathers ranged from 22 to 36 mg TAE/g dw. Levels of condensed tannins were higher than hydrolyzable for most of the species. Only Betula alba, Calluna vulgaris, Pteridium aquilinum and Vaccinium myrtillus had 100% hydrolyzable tannins. Tannin content of the species changed seasonally with highest values during the growing season, corresponding to late winter or early spring, depending on the species. DOI:10.2458/azu_jrm_v56i5_gonzalez-hernandez
Antioxidant effect of plant extracts of the leaves of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray on the free radical DPPH

This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and cyt otoxic effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts from the leaves of Tithonia diversifolia (Asteracea) on the free radic al DPPH • and larvae of Artemia salina Leach, respe ctively. Samples of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray w as collected in the district of Fazendinha, MacapáAmapá. The selected leaves were dried at 40C and then ground i n a mill to obtain a fine-grained powder. After obt aining the aqueous and ethanolic plant extracts, they were sub jected to phytochemical analysis for identification of metabolites classes. Phytochemicals tests were conducted to ver ify the presence of saponins, organic acids, reduci ng sugars, phenols, tannins, alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, r ins, proteins and amino acids. The evaluation o f the antioxidant activity was assessed by the sequestran t ability extracts on free radical DPPH • (2,2-diph enyl-1-picrylhidrazila). There was prepared a methanol solution of DPPH at the concentration of 40mg / ml. Where th e aqueous and ethanolic crude extracts T. diversifolia were d iluted in methanol at the following concentrations (5-2,5-1,00,75-0,5 and 0.25 mg/mL). To evaluate the cytotoxic activity the adult forms (metanauplius) of Artemia salina were incubated for 24 hours with the following concentra tions of 1000 extracts, 750, 500, 250, 100 and 50 μ g/mL, thereby groups were assigned according to their res pective concentration and all tests were performed in triplicate. The result of phytochemical analysis of crude aqueo us extract Tithonia diversifolia revealed the prese nc of saponins, organic acids, reducing sugars, phenols, tannins, alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, and resi ns. In crude ethanol extract was revealed the presence of those found in the aqueous crude extract plus protein and mino acids. It is observed a strong antioxidant activity of bot h the aqueous extract as ethanol dose dependent on the type DPPH • with IC50 of 2.273 and 0.630 mg / mL, respectively, for EBA and EBE. Regarding the cytotoxic activity, is obser ved that the aqueous crude extract of T. diversifolia w s non-toxic to A. salina with CL 50 equal to 3660 μg/mL. To the ethanolic extract to LC50 of 1403 μg / mL also shows no toxicity, but statis tical analysis revealed that values obtained for T. diversifolia are within the probabi listic error bound suggesting cytotoxic activity by high concentrations. On the results obtained, it is conc luded that the plant species is a promising source of antioxidant compounds.
Estimate of genetic and non-genetic parameters and trends for age at first calving in Sahiwal cows

Age at first calving (AFC) records (403) of Sahiwal cows sired by 30 bulls, spread over 50 years (1948–1997) maintained at Government Cattle Breeding Farm, Anjora, Durg were utilized to study the factors affecting age at first calving and its estimate of heritability by using least squares technique. The period of birth and sire effects were significant and the season was nonsignificant. The estimate of heritability was moderate (0.43). AFC showed negative association with first lactation milk yield, however, the relationship was positive in later cumulative milk and lifetime traits. Overall phenotypic and genetic trends for AFC were in the desired direction, except poor performance in the second to fourth periods. Genetic trend can further be improved if the available additive genetic variability in the herd is properly exploited through selection.
Lei Zhang1 · Zhimin Geng1 · Yong Wan1 · Fandi Meng1 · Xiankui Meng1 · Lin Wang1

Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression is a central hallmark of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identification of the mechanisms underlying the miRNA actions should provide invaluable resource for revealing the molecular basis of different malignant behaviors in HCC. Previous high-throughput analysis has identified miR-767-5p as a unique miRNA signature of HCC, but the biological relevance and corresponding molecular basis of miR-767-5p in HCC is still in its infancy. The current study was, therefore, designed to elucidate whether changes in miR-767-5p expression levels affect HCC pathogenesis, and to further identify the putative targets. miR-767-5p expression was observed to be upregulated by ~ 3.7-fold in surgical HCC specimens as compared to that in adjacent normal hepatic tissues, and this up-regulation trend correlated well to disease progression and predicted a poor prognosis in HCC patients. Functionally, miR-767-5p-overexpressing cells had a significantly higher proliferative, migratory, and invasive potential, and exhibited an enhanced anchorage-dependent clonogenesis and a tumor formation potential in vivo. Mechanistically, PMP22, a core component of integral membrane glycoprotein of peripheral nervous system myelin, was further identified as a direct down-stream target of miR-767-5p in HCC cells. Conversely, stable ectopic expression of PMP22 abrogated the promoting effects of miR-767-5p on HCC aggressive phenotype. Collectively, the available data suggest that as a potent oncomiR, miR-767-5p actions along HCC progression are in part mediated by its function as a posttranscriptional repressor of PMP22 signaling.
E⁄cacy and safety of amisulpride 50 mg versus paroxetine 20 mg in major depression: a randomized, double-blind, parallel group study

G.B. Cassano and M.C. Jori, on behalf of the AMIMAJOR investigators Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnologies, University of Pisa, Pisa and Clinical Research Unit, Medical Department, Sano¢-Synthelabo SpA, Milan, Italy Correspondence to G.B. Cassano, Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnologies, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, I-56100 Pisa, Italy Tel: +39 050 835419; fax: +39 05
Biological therapy of rheumatoid arthritis: is it a real prediction of efficacy?

Relationship of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), platelet- endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), E-, P- and L-selectins blood levels with results of three-monthly combination treatment by biological agents and methotrexate was studied in 35 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (29 women, 6 men) at age from 40 to 66 with previous noneffective methotrexate treatment. Tocilizumab was applied in 20 patients, in 15 cases etanercept was used. The moderate effect of treatment was observed in 74.3 % of cases, remission or low activity of rheumatoid arthritis were reached in 22.9 % of patients, 9 patients were non-responders. Increase of blood concentration of all immunoglobulins superfamily molecules and of P-selectin was observed in rheumatoid arthritis. After 3 months of therapy decrease in VCAM-1, PECAM-1 blood levels and normalization of ICAM-1, P-selectin values were observed, especially in cases of effective treatment, in non-responders there was reduction only of ICAM-1 levels. The favorable response to treatment was associated with high initial levels of ICAM-1, РЕСАМ-1 and low levels of P-selectin in blood that opens new possibilities of use of adhesion molecules in prediction of successful therapy of RA. of increased values of VCAM-1, PECAM-1 and P-selectin. Levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and P-selectin after treatment remained very higher than in group of responders. In cases with successful treatment by etanercept, very high initial levels of ICAM-1 and very low values of P-selectin in blood were determined. Dynamics in concentrations of E- and L-selectins, regardless of treatment results, were not found.Indicators of ICAM-1 higher than 886 ng/ml (OR 30; 95 % CI (1.41–638.15)) were involved with achieving positive results of treatment with etanercept characterized with high diagnostic accuracy (86.7 in delineation of treatment results.
TRANSITION TODAY AND TOMORROW

The purpose of this study was to gain information regarding special educators’ perceptions of occupational therapy’s role in secondary transition planning in the state of Arkansas. Non-experimental design, using survey methodology with open-ended questions, was used to explore participants’ responses to the topic. Forty-one participants who attended a statewide transition conference completed the survey over a two year period. Using exploratory analysis, the responses were examined for common constructs and reported quantitatively. Limited involvement of occupational therapy in secondary transition services was reported but respondents seemed to be fairly knowledgeable of the possible roles of occupational therapy in this area. In addition, the participants were receptive to the possibility of the inclusion of occupational therapy in the process. The results provide implications and possibilities for future growth in this area of practice.