Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of G6PD genotypes in G6PD deficiency patients from Suratthani Hospital, Thailand

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia especially in the area of malaria endemic regions. Primaquine is used for the radical treatment of malaria. However, it causes hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients. Objectives: To characterize G6PD mutations in G6PD deficient patients around Surat Thani province which is one of the malaria-endemic areas in Thailand. Materials and methods: One hundred and seventeen leftovered EDTA blood samples were received from primary hospital in Surat Thani Province. All the samples were evaluated for their hematological profiles using an automated hematological analyzer (Beckman Coulter LH 780 Analyzer) and genotyped for G6PD variants using the DiaPlexC G6PD Genotyping Kit. Results: G6PD mutations were identified in 117 cases of G6PD deficient cases. G6PD Viangchan (51.1%) was identified in 43 Thais and 4 Myanmars, G6PD Mahidol (30.5%) in 16 Thais and 12 Myanmars, G6PD Canton (7.6%) in 4 Thais, 2 Myanmars and 1 Laos, G6PD Kaiping and G6PD Union (4.3% each) in 4 Thais each, and G6PD Mediterranean (2.2%) in 2 Thais. However, the G6PD mutations could not be identified in the remaining 14 samples. There was no evidence of significant differences between hematological parameters among different groups of G6PD variants. Conclusions: Our study revealed various distribution of G6PD variants in the region, raising the awareness about the requirement for optimal dosage of primaquine in the treatment of malaria infection based on data on G6PD variants.
Multinationals, R&D and Endogenous Productivity Asymmetries

Abstract We analyze the influence of endogenous productivity asymmetries between firms, in terms of competitiveness and size, on multinational activity. In the model, productivity depends on cost-reducing R&D (research and development). We show that when firms differ on commitment power in R&D, the R&D leader, independently of being a multinational or a domestic firm, tends to invest more in R&D than the R&D follower. Because of these productivity advantages, the R&D leader can more easily become multinational. Therefore, in addition to the proximity-concentration trade-off, we identify another FDI (foreign direct investment) determinant: technological competition.
GAMBARAN BUDAYA KESELAMATAN PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT ROEMANI MUHAMMADIYAH SEMARANG

Budaya keselamatan pasien merupakan pondasi utama dalam menuju keselamatan pasien. Penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit adalah sesuatu yang mutlak harus diaplikasikan sejalan dengan sistem keselamatan agar mampu menurunkan KTD secara signifikan. RS Roemani Semarang sudah memiliki indikator keselamatan pasien pada setiap bagian namun masih banyak yang belum dijalankan karena masih rendahnya budaya lapor terhadap kesalahan- kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh perawat di RS Roemani Semarang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran budaya keselamatan pasien di RS Roemani dilihat dari 12 dimensi budaya keselamatan pasien menurut AHRQ. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan jenis penelitian cross sectional dengan 72 perawat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya keselamatan dikategorikan sedang dengan persentasi 71%, dengan rincian tiap dimensi yaitu dimensi frekuensi pelaporan dikategorikan rendah dengan persentase 48,2% dan 5 dimensi dikategorikan kuat yaitu harapan dan tindakan supervisi dalam mempromosikan patient safety 84,7%, komunikasi terbuka 88,9%, umpan balik dan komunikasi tentang kesalahan 88,9%, kerja sama antar unit 80,2%, handsoff dan transisi 86,1%. Dimensi yang tergolong sedang yaitu perbaikan berkelanjutan 72,6%, kerja sama dalam unit 71,2%, respon non punitive 51,8%, staffing 62,3%, dukungan manajemen 67,6%, persepsi keseluruhan tentang patient safety 74,7%. Peneliti menyarankan agar pihak rumah sakit melakukan root cause analysis, membudayakan briefing, membangun budaya non punitive, melakukan pendeklarasian keselamatan pasien adalah prioritas utama, dan management by walking around untuk mengontrol dan mensosialisasikan keselamatan pasien. Kata Kunci: Rumah Sakit, Keselamatan Pasien, Budaya Keselamatan Pasien Rumah Sakit, AHRQ, Perawat
The Teaching Methods Used in Universities in Rwanda and their Effect on the Students’ Academic Performance

Over a long period, the education in Rwanda had been French. This has been changing systematically but with quality related challenges. The study was an experiment designed to test how teaching methods related to the academic performance at the universities in the country. The study employed an experimental design consisting of post-test control and treatment groups. The research was done over three semesters with MBA business statistics students and a sample size of 242 students. The teaching methods used included group discussions, interactive lecture as treatment and traditional lecture as the control. Data on students’ academic performance was collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test significant differences in the performance means between teaching methods and X (Chi Squared) was used to test the associations between teaching methods and grades attained at 95% confidence limit. The teaching methods used had significant mean differences in the students’ performance. Post Hoc differences analysis indicated that group discussion was the most superior method followed by the interactive lectures and the least beneficial was the traditional lecture method. The alternative hypothesis that the teaching method used had a significant effect on the students’ academic performance was adopted. Copyright © WJER, all rights reserved.
Efecto de la cocaína sobre la inhibición por prepulso de la respuesta de sobresalto

Introduccion. La inhibicion por prepulso (IPP) de la respuesta de sobresalto es una medida de sincronizacion sensitivomotora basada en la respuesta del reflejo de sobresalto. Un deficit en la IPP se ha observado en pacientes psiquiatricos, especialmente con esquizofrenia, asi como en sujetos vulnerables a desarrollarla. Asimismo, los consumidores de cocaina presentan un alto indice de patologias psiquiatricas como la esquizofrenia. Objetivo. Conocer las alteraciones que el consumo de cocaina puede producir en la IPP. Desarrollo. Se realiza una revision exhaustiva de los estudios, tanto clinicos como con modelos animales, que hayan evaluado la IPP tras el consumo o la administracion de cocaina. Se sugieren bases neurales y mecanismos de accion subyacentes para explicar los resultados. Conclusiones. La cocaina altera la IPP a traves de su accion sobre el sistema dopaminergico. La administracion aguda de cocaina disminuye la IPP al aumentar la dopamina, mientras que con el consumo cronico, dependiendo del tiempo de abstinencia, la IPP puede restablecerse. Sin embargo, los efectos de la cocaina sobre la IPP parecen depender de los niveles basales de la IPP que muestre el individuo. Asi, dado que un deficit en la IPP se ha relacionado con una mayor vulnerabilidad a desarrollar patologias mentales como la esquizofrenia, los niveles de la IPP en los sujetos podrian considerarse como un biomarcador de vulnerabilidad psiquiatrica. Por ello, conocer mejor el efecto que drogas como la cocaina ejercen sobre la IPP puede ayudar a comprender el desarrollo de la patologia dual.
Effects of coagulation factor XIII (Val34Leu) polymorphism on recurrent pregnancy loss in Iranian Azeri women

Abstract Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a heterogeneous condition consisting of two or more consecutive abortions occurring before 20 weeks of gestation. One of the clotting factor genes encodes factor XIII (FXIII), which is involved in fibrin formation. The most common polymorphism in the FXIII genes is the conversion of G to T in exon 2 (val34leu) of the FXIIIA gene, which leads to the substitution of valine with leucine. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between RPL and FXIII val34leu polymorphisms in a sample population of Iranian Azeri women. Methods: A prospective case-control study was performed on a cohort of 310 RPL patients and 290 healthy controls. DNA was extracted from the whole blood and fragments of the Val34Leu polymorphism were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by DNA sequencing. Genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassArray system. Results: The genotype frequencies of FXIII in the case group were 60.64% GG, 34.83% GT, and 4.41% TT, whereas the frequencies in the control group were 58.96% GG, 36.5% GT, and 4.48% TT. T allele frequencies in the case and control groups were 78.06% and 21.93%, respectively, and G allele frequencies were 77.24% and 22.75%, respectively. Conclusions: No significant association was observed between the Val34Leu polymorphism and RPL among Iranian Azeri women.
Quality assurance in undergraduate dental institutions of Bangladesh: Views of stakeholders

This cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the views of some stakeholders in regarding the current quality assurance activities in different government and non-government dental institutions of Bangladesh. Students, intern doctors, teachers and head of the institutions were the respondents. Semi-structured self-administered questionnaire, interview schedules and a checklist were used for data collection. The sampling technique was convenience and purposive. The study was conducted in 2015 and 2016. The study revealed that teachers were satisfied with the overall educational environment, but students are not certain about this mater and the students' opinion were negative in regards to hostel and library facilities. Only few teachers were engaged in research activities in which authorities do not provide any assistance. Almost all dental institutions are deficient in their quality assurance activities. Other than academic council most of the quality assurance bodies are absent or non-functioning. The study recommends that quality assurance activities in undergraduate dental institutions in Bangladesh should be strengthened and it should be evaluated by the national quality assurance body. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.8(2) 2017: 7-11
Complete edentulism and related factors among patients visiting prosthodontics department clinic of School of Dentistry - University of Sulaimani

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of complete edentulism and associated factors among patients visiting prosthodontics department clinic of School of dentistry Sulaimani University, in order to plan for future oral health care provisions for the society, collecting epidemiological data on oral health particularly related to prosthodontics and its related issues. Materials and Methods: The samples comprised 280 completely edentulous patients, who attended University of Sulaimani School of dentistry prosthodontics department clinic, patients questioner filled out which covered their age, gender, reasons for edentulousness, medical history, and presence of previous denture and the reason of not using it. The patients were divided in to four age groups; Group I (40-49) years, Group II (50-59) years, Group III (60-69) years, and Group IV 70 years and above. The relationship between the variables were investigated then evaluated. Results: The results showed that 155 (55.4%) of the patients were males and 125 (44.6%) of the patients were females. The majority of the patients were from age group III (60-69) years, while minority of the patient were from age Group I (40-49). Tooth decay was the major cause of edentulousness (75.4%), while periodontitis constitutes only (24.65) of the cases. Among the total number of participants only (35%) of them were have systemic problems, 61.2% suffered from hypertension, 29.6% were diabetic, and only 9.2% of the patients have cardiovascular problem. Finally, the results revealed that from 280 patients 164 (58.6 %) have previous dentures, poor retention (48.2%), fracture (31.7), tooth wear (12.2%), discomfort (4.2%), and stability (3.7%); were the reason of not using these dentures. Conclusions: An effective relationship between age, gender, tooth decay, periodontal disease, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease with edentulism is present.
A conflict between distance and closeness: the mother's bittersweet experience of becoming separate from her toddler

Abstract This paper uses the rapprochement subphase of the child's separation-individuation process (Mahler, Pine & Bergman, 1975) as a framework for thinking about mothers’ separation processes. Complementing a wealth of research into the child's development, more recent work also focuses on mothers and their own processes of separating. I interviewed eight mothers with children between 16 and 24 months old and aimed to give them their own voice and subjectivity. At times these mothers appeared to defend against separation and separateness, which were experienced as a loss, as anxiety-provoking, and as dangerous. At other times they described boundaries in their relationship as positive in as much as they enabled separateness and containment. The mothers expressed highly conflicting desires and presented an inconsistent picture of separation. Settlage (1980) viewed rapprochement as a dependence-independence conflict for the child, and this research suggests that mothers, too, experience ambivalence and conflict over separation.
Religious Concepts as Structured Imagination

What cognitive processes underlie the generation of religious concepts? This study investigates the creative processes involved in religious concept formation from the perspective of structured imagination. It examines whether the generation of novel religious entities is structured by universal features of human cognition that are hypothesized in the cognitive science of religion literature, in particular regarding the degree to which religious beings are anthropomorphic, their level of counterintuitiveness, and their moral character. In this study, participants freely imagined and described aliens and alien religious beings. Results suggest that spontaneously imagined religious beings are perceived as less anthropomorphic than aliens, that aliens are conveyed in more counterintuitive terms than religious beings, and that religious beings are described more frequently in terms of moral properties than aliens.
Der Verlauf psychischer Auffälligkeiten bei Kindern und Jugend lichen – Ergebnisse der KiGGS-Kohorte

Hintergrund Kinder und Jugendliche sind durch eine eingeschränkte psychische Gesundheit stärker in ihrer Lebensqualität beeinträchtigt als durch körperliche Erkrankungen [1]. Die Untersuchung von Einflussfaktoren für psychische Auffälligkeiten im Entwicklungsverlauf kann demnach gezielt dabei helfen, geeignete Maßnahmen einzuleiten und Leidensdruck zu verringern. Als psychisch auffällig gelten Kinder und Jugendliche, wenn ihr Verhalten und Empfinden hinsichtlich des Entwicklungsstandes und den gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen nicht der Norm entspricht [2]. Bei rund 20 % der Kinder und Jugendlichen in Deutschland finden sich Anhaltspunkte für psychische Auffälligkeiten. Die Häufigkeit entsprechender Symptome ist über den Zeitraum der bisherigen KiGGS-Studien (von 2003 – 2006 bis 2009 – 2012) stabil geblieben [3]. Allerdings sind emotionale und verhaltensbedingte Probleme im Kindesund Jugendalter stärker als im Erwachsenenalter einem ständigen Entwicklungsprozess unterworfen. Psychische Auffälligkeiten verschwinden bei jedem zweiten Kind innerhalb eines Jahres. Bei einem Teil der Kinder können sie aber auch über längere Zeit andauern oder sich im Laufe der Entwicklung verstärken [4]. Zur Identifikation von Risikogruppen und sensiblen Lebensphasen wurde mit den Längsschnittdaten der KiGGS-Kohorte der individuelle Verlauf psychischer Auffälligkeiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in Abhängigkeit von Geschlecht und Alter abgebildet.
Factors Related to Parental Well Being in Children with Cancer

Introduction: Parents of children with cancer experience a challenging situation in coping with the child’s diagnosis and changes that the illness puts in the overall family condition. Method: A cross-sectional study on 79 parents was conducted in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Sociodemographic information was obtained. Participants completed a set questionnaire measuring their level of anxiety and stress, knowledge about cancer, and amount of activities they perform with or for the child to enhance the child’s coping abilities. Children’s psychological problems were also assessed through parental reports. Results: Parents with higher cancer knowledge reported reduced stress (p<0.01) and anxiety (p<0.05). The higher the income (p<0.05) and education (p<0.01), the higher cancer knowledge. Parental stress was negatively correlated with income (p<0.05) and education (p<0.01), indicating that the better educated and higher the salary, less stress symptoms. Highly educated parents engaged in more activities with their children (p<0.05). Parental anxiety was correlated significantly with children’s current treatment including chemotherapy procedure (p<0.01), ‘In-patient’ Vs ‘Outpatient’ (p<0.01), and children’s condition (p<0.01). Parents of hospitalized children who underwent chemotherapy were significantly more anxious than their counterparts. Parents who perceived their children’s current condition as ‘very good’, reported reduced anxiety, compared to those who reported their child’s condition as ‘ok’. The more psychological problems the children had, the higher parental anxiety (p<0.05) and stress symptoms (p<0.01). Discussion: Some groups of parents had more psychological difficulties compared to others. Ongoing psychological assessment and intervention may reduce parental stress by increasing coping and reducing children psychological problems. Keywordschildren, cancer, parental knowledge, stress
QUALITY OF LIFE IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS REFERRED TO THE KERMAN OUTPATIENT CENTERS, 2010

زمینه و هدف: نارسایی قلبی یک سندرم کلینیکی است که می تواند تاثیر منفی بر کیفیت زندگی داشته باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مطالعه کیفیت زندگی بیماران مبتلا به نارسایی قلبی انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه توصیفی – تحلیلی200 بیمار مبتلا به نارسایی قلبی مراجعه کننده به مرکز سرپایی شهر کرمان به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب و ابعاد کیفیت زندگی آنان با استفاده از ابزار استاندارد بررسی کیفیت زندگی 36 سواله (SF36) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از آزمون های آماری مجذور کای، t مستقل و ANOVA استفاده شد. یافته ها: میانگین سنی بیماران تحت مطالعه 64 سال بود و اکثر آنها در درجه 2 بیماری قلبی قرار داشتند. نمره کیفیت زندگی مردان 57/15±36/42 و زنان 37/15±65/40 بود (36/0=P). مقایسه ابعاد کیفیت زندگی زنان و مردان نشان داد که در دو بعد عملکرد جسمی (005/0=P) و سلامت روان (01/0=P) نمره کیفیت زندگی مردان بیشتر از زنان است. افزایش سن و سابقه مصرف سیگار باعث کاهش بعد عملکرد جسمی کیفیت زندگی شده بود (05/0P
The effects of gender and previous experience on the approach of self and peer assessment: a case from Turkey

Although the literature abounds with studies on self and peer assessment, there are only a few studies examining the impact of gender and previous experience upon these assessment approaches. In this context, the study performed an application of self, peer and instructor assessment in the science teaching course at a university. The study examined the relationship of students’ genders and their previous experience with self/peer assessment with the scores they obtained from the application. The results of the application demonstrated that female students received significantly higher mean scores than male students in all score types in terms of the gender variable (scores from peers, scores to peers, self and instructor scores). There was no significant difference between the students’ scores with regard to participation/lack of participation in a previous self and peer assessment application.
Protecting biodiversity and safeguarding ecosystem services provision in a changing world

This last Issue of the International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services and Management of 2013 clearly shows the result of the shift in scope that the journal has undergone. The Issue includes short communications, research letters and full research papers, and the geographical spread of the contributing authors is considerable. In addition, the number and diversity of papers on ecosystem services assessments has increased over the recent years, while papers on both biodiversity and ecosystem services are characterised by having higher relevance for management and regional planning as illustrated in Van Oudenhoven and de Groot (2013). Management practices such as restoration, agroforestry, resource extraction, etc. strongly influence biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services provision, and recent contributions to this journal are increasingly exploring the trade-offs and synergies between them.
The evolving construct of intellectual disability: is everything old new again?

The American Association on Mental Retardation (AAMR) is a very influential body in the arena of intellectual disability. It has a long and distinguished history of advocacy for individuals with an intellectual disability, of disseminating information, and of publishing work relevant to intellectual disability. One of the roles the AAMR has undertaken has been to define and classify intellectual disability. It published its first manual on definition in 1921 and its tenth in 2002. In 1992 the AAMR published the 9th edition of the manual for the definition of mental retardation (intellectual disability in Australia and learning disability in the United Kingdom). This definition varied substantially from that of the 8th edition (1983) which had remained largely unchanged from the publication in 1973 of the 6th edition. The 1992 definition states: “Mental retardation refers to substantial limitation in present functioning. It is characterized by significantly subaverage intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with related limitations in two or more of the following applicable adaptive skill
Fluorescein Sodium Use during Spinal Ependymoma Resection

Spinal ependymomas (SEs) are common adult intramedullary tumors; however, determining the absolute boundary between the tumor and the tumor residual may be difficult. We assessed outcomes following the use of fluorescein sodium (FS) during surgical removal of SEs. We performed a retrospective analysis of 112 patients with SEs who were treated at Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital between December 2014 and December 2016. Each patient received intravenous FS (3–4 mg/kg) to determine the SE boundaries during surgery. Tumor removal efficiencies and tumor residuals were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 10 days and 3 months after surgical recovery; McCormick's spinal function classification was also performed at the 3-month follow-up. The complete tumor removal rate was 92% (103/112). Ninety-four patients underwent tumor removal under fluorescent light, which provided distinctive tumor fluorescence. Tumor removal under white light was performed in 18 patients; fluorescent images were invisible or indistinctive in these 18 patients. At the 3-month follow-up, sensory function (85.8% (91/106)) and movement (84.3% (86/102)) were improved in patients with pre-surgical dysfunction; urination and defecation functions were improved in 66.7% (16/24). The McCormick spinal cord functional classifications, at the 3-month follow-up, showed significant differences in the percentages of patients with disease classified to each grade (I–IV), compared with preoperative classifications (each, P < 0.05). There was no MRI evidence of tumor relapse or residuals at the 3-month follow-up. FS use during the surgical treatment of SE enables complete tumor removal and detection of tumor residuals.