Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sexual violence against children in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil: characteristics and factors related to repetitive violence

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize child sexual abuse and investigate the factors related to its repetition in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study, with data from 2009-2019 SINAN. Sociodemographic variables related to the circumstances of violence were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to test factors related to repetitive violence. Results: A total of 3489 cases of child sexual abuse were reported: 73.3% were girls, the most prevalent age ranged from 6 to 10 years, and 51% reported repetitive violence. The majority was perpetrated by one (85.6%) person, and in cases in which two or more perpetrators were involved, the proportion of occurrence was higher for boys (17%) versus girls (13%). Among the risk factors for the repetition of sexual violence are the place of occurrence being the residence, the perpetrator (the stepfather, the brother, and the father) being under the influence of alcohol, and the age of the child between 6 and 10 years. Conclusion: The profile and factors that help in the identification of repetitive child sexual abuse were presented, such as the authorship being related to stepfathers, parents, and siblings, the perpetrator being under the influence of alcohol, and the victim’s age between 6 and 10 years.
An Asymptotic Representation Theorem

Let a sequence of statistical experiments converge to a limit experiment in the sense of Le Cam (1972). Furthermore assume that a sequence of statistics possesses a limit distribution under every statistical parameter. Then its set of limit distributions is also the set of distributions of some randomized estimator in the limit experiment. This is a simple way of saying that the limit experiment is a 'lower bound' for the converging sequence of experiments. Moreover, convolution and minimax theorems can be obtained as corollaries.
On the Structure of Semigroups

The purpose of this paper is to give the basis, and a few fundamental theorems, of a suggested systematic theory of semigroups. By a semigroup is meant a set S closed to a single associative, binary multiplication. Two elements of S are said to be left equivalent (I) if they generate the same left ideal in S. Similarly a right equivalence (r) can be defined. These equivalences commute (or are associable, Dubreil, 1), and their product equivalence is denoted by b. The equivalence b is to be compared with the two-sided analogue f of I and r; x 3 y(f) means that x and y generate the same two-sided ideal. In the case where S is finite, these equivalences b and f coincide, but this is not true in general. A b-class has the property that the 1-classes which it contains generate isomorphic left ideals in S; a theorem on the structure of b-classes is given (Theorem 1). Schwarz (1) and Clifford (1, 3) have both made use of minimal conditions on right and left ideals; and Clifford has shown (1) that the minimum ideal of a semigroup, if it contains both minimal right, and minimal left ideals, is a simple subsemigroup of the type called by Rees completely simple (Rees, 1, 2). In his paper "On Semigroups" (Rees, 1), Rees determined the structure of such simple semigroups. The minimal conditions we use are more stringent, they are the minimal conditions on the partially ordered sets of the principal right, left and two-sided ideals. If the right and left conditions are satisfied, then so is the twosided condition (a fact not obvious in our case, since a principal two-sided ideal is not in general a principal right or left ideal). Further, in this case we do have b = f; and the b-classes take on a simpler aspect. The f-classes of any semigroup S correspond to semigroups called principal factors (cf. Rees, 1, p. 391) of S; our definition does not, however, depend on the existence of a "principal series" of ideals of S. We say that S is semisimple if all these factors are non-nilpotent semigroups. Another, and probably more fruitful idea, is that of regularity. The element a e S is regular if aza = a for some z e S; this is the condition introduced, for rings, by J. v. Neumann (1). 1 A semigroup is regular, if all its elements are regular. Regular semigroups are semisimple, but not conversely; however, any semisimple semigroup which satisfies the right and left minimal conditions, is regular. It seems that these last-mentioned semigroups may form the class which will most repay study; the simple ones are completely simple (and therefore of known structure), and already the extension theory of Clifford (2) suggests the possibility of building up more
Measuring the velocity and mass of stable massive particles using the ATLAS detector at the LHC

A generic search for new detector-stable high-mass particles at the LHC using the ATLAS detector is conducted, by measuring the velocity of candidate tracks in ATLAS’ Inner Detector. Four novel new velocity estimation techniques are developed, the best of which achieve velocity resolutions of better than 8% in simulation. 2.8 fb−1 of 2011 ATLAS data is analyzed via these methods, yielding no significant signal for new stable massive particles at the sub-TeV scale, and an exclusion limit at the 95% confidence level for the existence of generic stable massive gluinos below a mass of 665 GeV.
False Atrial Fibrillation Alerts from Smartwatches are Associated with Decreased Perceived Physical Well-being and Confidence in Chronic Symptoms Management

Wrist-based wearables have been FDA approved for AF detection. However, the health behavior impact of false AF alerts from wearables on older patients at high risk for AF are not known. In this work, we analyzed data from the Pulsewatch (NCT03761394) study, which randomized patients (≥50 years) with history of stroke or transient ischemic attack to wear a patch monitor and a smartwatch linked to a smartphone running the Pulsewatch application vs to only the cardiac patch monitor over 14 days. At baseline and 14 days, participants completed validated instruments to assess for anxiety, patient activation, perceived mental and physical health, chronic symptom management self-efficacy, and medicine adherence. We employed linear regression to examine associations between false AF alerts with change in patient-reported outcomes. Receipt of false AF alerts was related to a dose-dependent decline in self-perceived physical health and levels of disease self-management. We developed a novel convolutional denoising autoencoder (CDA) to remove motion and noise artifacts in photoplethysmography (PPG) segments to optimize AF detection, which substantially reduced the number of false alerts. A promising approach to avoid negative impact of false alerts is to employ artificial intelligence driven algorithms to improve accuracy.
Can We Reliably Detect Respiratory Diseases through Precision Farming? A Systematic Review

Simple Summary In this systematic review, we assessed studies on automatic monitoring of respiratory disease in livestock. This can help to understand if precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies are able to fulfill their purpose and can provide insights into the potential of commercially available PLF options. Few PLF technologies had good performance measures with tests under field conditions and using a reliable reference test, indicating that technologies still fall short for monitoring clinical signs or the onset of respiratory diseases in bovine, swine, and poultry productions. This review assessed previously published development and validation articles of PLF technologies to monitor respiratory health, and it highlights that more than just performance measures should be assessed when discussing the potential and pitfalls of PLF technologies. Abstract Respiratory diseases commonly affect livestock species, negatively impacting animal’s productivity and welfare. The use of precision livestock farming (PLF) applied in respiratory disease detection has been developed for several species. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate if PLF technologies can reliably monitor clinical signs or detect cases of respiratory diseases. A technology was considered reliable if high performance was achieved (sensitivity > 90% and specificity or precision > 90%) under field conditions and using a reliable reference test. Risk of bias was assessed, and only technologies tested in studies with low risk of bias were considered reliable. From 23 studies included—swine (13), poultry (6), and bovine (4) —only three complied with our reliability criteria; however, two of these were considered to have a high risk of bias. Thus, only one swine technology fully fit our criteria. Future studies should include field tests and use previously validated reference tests to assess technology’s performance. In conclusion, relying completely on PLF for monitoring respiratory diseases is still a challenge, though several technologies are promising, having high performance in field tests.
On the Rigidity of Punctured Ovaloids

A C isometric embedding φ: M —> R of a Riemannian manifold M into ndimensional euclidean space R is said to be rigid in the class of C isometric embeddings if, corresponding to each C isometric embedding ψ : M -> R, there is a rigid motion Tφ\R -> R such that ψ = Tφoφ. A theorem of CohnVossen [3] is that any C isometric embedding of a compact 2-dimensional Riemannian manifold of everywhere positive Gaussian curvature in R is rigid in the class of C isometric embeddings. Earlier, Hadamard [5] had proven that a compact C submanifold of R* having everywhere positive Gaussian curvature was a convex surface, that is, the boundary of a convex body in R. Using this convexity property, Herglotz [6](see also Hicks [7]) gave a brief new proof of the rigidity theorem of Cohn-Vossen Wintner [20] showed using a refinement of Herglotz's approach that the theorem of Cohn-Vossen remains true if C is replaced by C throughout its statement. In the course of their work on the total curvature of submanifolds of euclidean space, Chern and Lashof [2] proved that a compact C surface in R with everywhere nonnegative Gaussian curvature was necessarily a convex surface. Using this generalization of the convexity result of Hadamard, Voss [18] and independently Sacksteder [15] extended Herglotz's rigidity argument to show that any C isometric embedding of a compact 2-dimensional Riemannian manifold of everywhere nonnegative Gaussian curvature is rigid.
In Patients Hospitalized for Community-Acquired Pneumonia, SARS-CoV-2 Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcomes When Compared to Influenza

SARS-CoV-2 and influenza are primary causes of viral community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Both pathogens have exhibited high transmissibility and are recognized causes of pandemics. Controversy still exists regarding the clinical outcomes between patients hospitalized with CAP due to these viruses. This secondary analysis identified patients with either influenza or SARS-CoV-2 infections from three cohorts of patients hospitalized for CAP. Clinical outcomes between patients with CAP due to influenza or due to SARS-CoV-2 were evaluated. Primary outcomes included length of stay and in-hospital mortality. To account for population differences between cohorts, each case of influenza CAP was matched to two controls with SARS-CoV-2 CAP. Matching criteria included sex, age, and nursing home residency. Stratified cox-proportional hazards regression or conditional logistic regression were used where appropriate. A total of 259 patients with influenza CAP were matched to two controls with SARS-CoV-2 CAP, totaling to 518 controls. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP were 2.23 times more likely to remain hospitalized at any point in time (95% confidence interval: 1.77–2.80), and had 3.84 times higher odds of dying in-hospital (95% confidence interval: 1.91–7.76) when compared to patients with influenza CAP. After matching and adjusting for confounding variables, patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 CAP had consistently worse outcomes in comparison to their influenza CAP counterparts. This information can help clinicians decide on the level of care needed for patients with confirmed infections due to these pathogens. Additionally, estimates of disease burden can inform individuals at-risk for poor clinical outcomes, and further highlight the importance of effective preventative strategies.
Noise Suppression of a Single Frequency Fiber Laser

We present an experimental demonstration of fiber laser noise suppression by the mode cleaner. The intensity noise of a single frequency fiber laser is suppressed near the shot noise limit after a sideband frequency of 3 MHz. Two series mode cleaners are used to improve the noise suppression. The noise reduction is over 27 dB at 3 MHz.
Mesoscale Weather Prediction with the RUC Hybrid Isentropic–Terrain-Following Coordinate Model

Abstract A mesoscale atmospheric forecast model configured in a hybrid isentropic–sigma vertical coordinate and used in the NOAA Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) for operational numerical guidance is presented. The RUC model is the only quasi-isentropic forecast model running operationally in the world and is distinguished from other hybrid isentropic models by its application at fairly high horizontal resolution (10–20 km) and a generalized vertical coordinate formulation that allows model levels to remain continuous and yet be purely isentropic well into the middle and even lower troposphere. The RUC model is fully described in its 2003 operational version, including numerics and physical parameterizations. The use of these parameterizations, including mixed-phase cloud microphysics and an ensemble-closure-based cumulus parameterization, is fully consistent with the RUC vertical coordinate without any loss of generality. A series of experiments confirm that the RUC hybrid θ–σ coordinate reduces cross-coordinate.
Motivational climate theory: Disentangling definitions and roles of classroom motivational support, climate, and microclimates

Abstract The study of classroom processes that shape students’ motivational beliefs, although fruitful, has suffered from a lack of conceptual clarity in terminology, definitions, distinctions, and roles of these important processes. Synthesizing extant research and major theoretical perspectives on achievement motivation, I propose Motivational Climate Theory as a guide for future research efforts toward more accurate, systematic understanding of classroom motivational processes. As an initial organizing framework, three broad categories of classroom motivational processes are defined: motivational supports, consisting of speech, actions, and structures in a setting that are controllable by the people in that setting; motivational climate, defined as students’ shared perceptions of the motivational qualities of their classroom; and motivational microclimates, or students’ individual perceptions that differ from shared perceptions. Motivational support and climate’s key characteristics and mechanisms are described, followed by recommendations, future directions, and implications for research, practice, and policy.
Characterization of the Aroma Profiles of Guangdong Black Teas Using Non-Targeted Metabolomics

Guangdong black teas have diverse flavors and aromas. To explore the molecular basis of these aromas, we extracted and analyzed the volatile flavor compounds of 31 black tea samples from 7 districts (Yingde, Luokeng, Renhua, Meizhou, Chaozhou, Lianshan, and Heyuan) in Guangdong Province with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Then, 135 volatile flavor compounds (VFCs) were identified and grouped into 12 classes according to their chemical structure. Notably, alcohols accounted for 31.40–44.43% of total VFCs. The score plot of supervised partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed good discrimination for most black tea samples. Additionally, 64 compounds with variable importance in projection > 1.0 were identified as differential odorants. Through an odor activity value analysis, eight volatile compounds were identified as the key active differential VFCs: linalool, methyl salicylate, phenylethyl alcohol, p-cresol, 3-methyl-butanoic acid, geraniol, benzaldehyde, and benzeneacetaldehyde. Thus, benzeneacetaldehyde and linalool in YJ-Yingde samples, benzaldehyde in Luokeng samples with an almond-like aroma, phenylethyl alcohol in the Heyuan samples, and p-cresol and 3-methyl-butanoic acid in the Chaozhou samples were the key volatile flavor compounds that could differentiate local black teas from other black teas. These findings will enrich the research in tea aroma chemistry and provide a method for identifying the origins of Guangdong black teas.
Measurements in an Axisymmetric Turbulent Boundary Layer Along a Circular Cylinder

In an axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer along a circular cylinder at constant pressure, measurements have been made of mean velocity profile and turbulence characteristics: longitudinal velocity fluctuations, Reynolds shear stress, transverse correlation and spectrum. It has been found that the qualitative behaviour of an axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer is similar to that of a two-dimensional boundary layer in the wall region, where as in the outer region the effects of transverse curvature are observed.
Growth and macronutrient accumulation in tomato cultivated in an organic system

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to characterize the growth and nutrient absorption of ‘Debora Victory’ tomato grown in organic system. The treatments consisted of nine sampling dates, at 2, 32, 46, 60, 77, 91, 109, 122 and 137 days after transplantation (DAT). In the last sampling, plants reached an estimated accumulation of dry and fresh weight in plant shoots of 550 and 9,528 g/plant, respectively. At the end of the cycle, the distribution of dry matter was 73% in the fruits, 16% in the leaves and 11% in the stem. The yield of total fresh fruits was estimated at 154.7 t/ha. The decreasing order of nutrient accumulation in plant shoots was K>N>Ca>P>S>Mg, with estimated values of 22.6; 10.4; 5.0; 2.3; 2.1 and 1.6 g/plant, respectively, corresponding to 431; 198; 95; 44; 40 and 30 kg/ha of K, N, Ca, P, S and Mg, respectively. The decreasing order of nutrient accumulation in the fruits was K>N>P>S>Mg>Ca, with estimated values of 16.6; 8.4; 1.7; 0.8; 0.7 and 0.2 g/plant, respectively, which corresponded to an estimated total extraction of 315; 153; 32; 16; 14 and 3 kg/ha of K, N, P, S, Mg and Ca, respectively. In the last sampling, the greatest accumulation of N, P and K occurred in the fruits and Ca, S and Mg in the vegetative organs (stem + leaves).
PERCEPTIONS OF INDUSTRY PROFESSIONALS FROM DIVERSE SECTORS ON POST-SECONDARY MICRO-CREDENTIALS ON LINKEDIN

The study explored industry professionals’ perceptions of micro-credentialing in postsecondary education and their views on LinkedIn. The study used a grounded theory approach to develop a theory on industry professionals’ perspectives on micro-credentials. The representative sample comprised 15 LinkedIn posts written by industry professionals from different sectors, and the posts were analyzed using the NVivo software program. The study found that industry professionals and employers value micro-credentials to address the skill gap and provide accessible learning opportunities. Micro-credentials are seen as a means of achieving lifelong and competency-based learning, enabling individuals to adapt to changes in their profession and stay competitive in the job market. The study’s findings suggest that microcredentials can help meet the changing demands of the job market and offer accessible and cost-effective learning options. The results have practical implications for policymakers, educators, and industry professionals using micro-credentials to address labor market needs.
Decomposition of geometric constraint graphs based on computing fundamental circuits

The graph-based geometric constraint solving technique works in two steps. First the geometric problem is translated into a graph whose vertices represent de set of geometric elements and whose edges are the constraints. Then the constraint problem is solved by decomposing the graph into a colection of subgraphs each representing a standard problem which is solved by a dedicated equational solver. In this work we report on an algorithm to decompose biconnected graphs representing geometric constraint problems. The algorithm is based on recursively splitting the graphs through terns of vertices located on fundamental circuits of the graph. Preliminar experiments suggest that the algorithm runtime is at worst quadratic with the total number of vertices in the graph. In a case study we illustrate how the algorithm works.
Lithium-ion-Based Resistive Devices of LiCoO2/LiPON/Cu With Ultrathin Interlayers of Titanium Oxide for Neuromorphic Computing

Lithium (Li)-ion materials such as LiCoO2 and (Li3PO4)-N (LiPON) are used in Li-ion all-solid-state batteries, and are now expected to be used as ion-electron hybrid materials to create a new degree of freedom in future integrated circuits. We fabricated thin-film devices on the basis of LiCoO2/LiPON/Cu and ultrathin titanium oxide (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm {TiO}}_{x}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) to demonstrate their new type of resistance change mechanism and characteristics. Multi-level resistance changes promising as synaptic plasticity were obtained, and the resistance properties enable neuromorphic computing to enter a new era.
Another look at the moment bounds on reliability

In this paper a unified derivation of the upper and lower bounds (in terms of the mean) of an IFR, DFR, IFRA, DFRA, NBU or NWU reliability function is presented. The method of proof provides a simpler alternative to the various proofs known in the literature. Moreover, this method can be used to generalize the existing results in two ways, as demonstrated here. First, the bounds for the reliability function are obtained in terms of any finite moment in all these cases. Subsequently we provide a moment bound on a reliability function which ages faster or slower than a known one in some sense. The existing literature does not offer any of these generalizations, except for a few results which are available in an unnecessarily complicated form.