Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Frequency and risk factors stratification of hypertension among the rural population of Bangladesh

Background and Objectives: Hypertension is one of the major risk factors of premature morbidity and mortality in our daily clinical practice. Various studies carried out in the urban settings, but there is scarcity of epidemiological data regarding hypertension among the rural people in Bangladesh. Therefore, this current study has been designed to find out the frequency and risk factors stratification of hypertension among the rural people in Jashore, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited 1812 participants above 18 years attending on national hypertensive week of 2019 in Bagherpara and Keshabpur upazila (subdistrict) health complex in Jashore, Bangladesh. 2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines had been demonstrated to classify hypertension. Results: Out of the total study population, the frequency of hypertension was 20.6% (Grade 1 and Grade 2 hypertensive patients 15.8% and 4.9%, respectively), and high normal blood pressure was 9.0%. The mean age of the study population, Grade 1 hypertensive and Grade 2 hypertensive cohorts were 42 ± 16, 49 ± 15 and 51 ± 14 years, respectively, with a male and female ratio was 1:2. Progressive rise of mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were noticed with increasing age. Age (P: <0.001), sex (P: 0.004), occupation (P: <0.001), BMI (P: <0.001), family (P: <0.001) and past history (P: <0.001) of hypertension, sedentary life style (P: 0.004), additional salt intake (P: <0.001) and smoking (P: 0.011) were significantly associated with hypertension following bivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age after 50 years (AOR = 1.866, 95% CI: 1.210-2.876), positive past history of hypertension (AOR = 3.493, 95% CI: 2.676-4.558), additional salt intake (AOR = 0.591, 95% CI: 0.453-0.770) and obesity (AOR = 3.389, 95% CI: 1.830-6.274) were significantly associated with developing hypertension. Conclusion: High frequency of hypertension was found among the rural population in Bangladesh where presence with a lot of significantly associated risk factors. The data would be helpful for the health policymakers dealing noncommunicable diseases to reach the sustainable goal and mitigate morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases in Bangladesh.
Using artificial intelligence-based instruction to develop EFL higher education students’ essay writing skills

The present study investigated the use of artificial intelligence ( AI ), in terms of Grammarly , to develop the Egyptian higher education students’ FL essay writing skills. The 100 randomly selected participants are English-majoring senior students and were equally divided into a control group and an experimental group with fifty participants each. Data were collected through three instruments, namely FL essay writing pre-and posttests and observation notes. The FL essay writing test was employed as a pretest and a posttest. The participants were trained over 12 weeks to write FL essays by using AI -based Grammarly instruction for the experimental group and by using a traditional method for the control group. During the experimental group’s training period, the researcher recorded observation notes about the experimental group’s comprehension of the AI -based Grammarly corrective feedback. Data were analyzed by using the Paired Sampling T-Test and the Independent Sampling T-Test. The findings indicated better improvement in the performance of experimental participants compared to their control group counterparts. The study presented teaching implications for FL essay writing instruction and recommended the incorporation of AI -based Grammarly instruction to the process of teaching FL essay to Egyptian senior students.
UC and the SAT: Predictive Validity and Differential Impact of the SAT I and SAT II at the University of California

The debate over "aptitude" versus "achievement" tests in college admissions is an old one. Aptitude-type tests, exemplified by the SAT I, are intended to assess students' capacity for future learning, whereas achievement-type tests, exemplified by the SAT II subject tests, are designed to assess students' current mastery of college-preparatory subjects. As one of the few institutions in the nation that requires both the SAT I and SAT II, the University of California (UC) has an extensive database with which to assess their relative utility in predicting student success in college. This study examines the relationship between SAT scores and freshman grades based on the records of 77,893 students who entered UC between Fall 1996 and Fall 1999. The study found that (a) the SAT II achievement tests are consistently better predictors of student success at UC than the SAT I, although the incremental gain in prediction is relatively modest and there is substantial redundancy across the tests; (b) the predictive validity of the SAT II appears to be less conditioned by socioeconomic factors than is the SAT I; and (c) racial/ethnic group performance is substantially similar across the SAT I and SAT II. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, these findings suggest that the benefits of achievement tests for college admissions-greater clarity in admissions standards, closer linkage to the high-school curriculum - can be realized without any sacrifice in the capacity to predict success in college.
Influence of processing temperature on production of red beetroot powder as a natural red colorant using foam‐mat drying: Experimental and modeling study

Abstract With high medicinal and nutritional value, red beetroot powder is utilized as a natural pigment and functional additive in various food industries. In this investigation, red beetroot powder was produced using foam‐mat drying, and the effect of drying temperature on quality attributes was evaluated. Computer simulation was also performed to assess the impact of temperature on uniformity of moisture loss and temperature during drying. Temperature variations did not exert a significant impact on water solubility and total color difference of the powders. Images obtained from field emission scanning electron microscopy illustrated that with increasing temperature, wrinkling, cracking, and roughness of the powder particles reduced because of the formation of smooth and hard crusts on the particles' surface. Predicted moisture content values were in good agreement with measured data. The results of this study could be used to optimize foam‐mat drying of red beetroot to produce functional powders with suitable physicochemical and microstructural characteristics.
From Lie algebras to Chevalley groups

We follow Humphreys, studying the structure theory of semisimple Lie algebras (over algebraically closed fields of characteristic zero) in detail, proving the existence of a Chevalley basis and constructing Chevalley groups of adjoint type. We provide elementary definitions and results about Lie algebras. We take the perspective of toral subalgebras to show the root space decomposition with respect to a maximal torus. We utilise representation theory to prove that the set of roots forms a root system. Studying root systems in their own right then gives us further structural results for semisimple Lie algebras. These enable us to prove the existence of a Chevalley basis, which allows us to transfer the Lie algebra structure to finite fields. We conclude by using this to construct Chevalley groups of adjoint type.
Assessment of Energy Production Potential from Tidal Streams in the United States

Tidal stream energy is one of the alternative energy sources that are renewable and clean. With the constantly increasing effort in promoting alternative energy, tidal streams have become one of the more promising energy sources due to their continuous, predictable and spatially-concentrated characteristics. However, the present lack of a full spatial-temporal assessment of tidal currents for the U.S. coastline down to the scale of individual devices is a barrier to the comprehensive development of tidal current energy technology. This project created a national database of tidal stream energy potential, as well as a GIS tool usable by industry in order to accelerate the market for tidal energy conversion technology. Tidal currents are numerically modeled with the Regional Ocean Modeling System and calibrated with the available measurements of tidal current speed and water level surface. The performance of the model in predicting the tidal currents and water levels is assessed with an independent validation. The geodatabase is published at a public domain via a spatial database engine and interactive tools to select, query and download the data are provided. Regions with the maximum of the average kinetic power density larger than 500 W/m2 (corresponding to a current speed of ~1 m/s), surface area larger than 0.5 km2 and depth larger than 5 m are defined as hotspots and list of hotspots along the USA coast is documented. The results of the regional assessment show that the state of Alaska (AK) contains the largest number of locations with considerably high kinetic power density, and is followed by, Maine (ME), Washington (WA), Oregon (OR), California (CA), New Hampshire (NH), Massachusetts (MA), New York (NY), New Jersey (NJ), North and South Carolina (NC, SC), Georgia (GA), and Florida (FL). The average tidal stream power density at some of these locations can be larger than 8 kW/m2 with surface areas on the order of few hundred kilometers squared, and depths larger than 100 meters. The Cook Inlet in AK is found to have a substantially large tidal stream power density sustained over a very large area.
Trends in Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the United States, 1999 - 2020

Background The United States faces a significant public health issue with colorectal cancer (CRC), which remains the third leading cause of cancer-related fatalities despite early diagnosis and treatment progress. Methods This investigation utilized death certificate data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging OnLine Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database to investigate trends in CRC mortality and location of death from 1999 to 2020. Additionally, the study utilized the annual percent change (APC) to estimate the average annual rate of change over the specific time period for the given health outcome. Incorporating the location of death in this study served the purpose of identifying patterns related to CRC and offering valuable insights into the specific locations where deaths occurred. Results Between 1999 and 2020, there were 1,166,158 CRC-related deaths. The age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) for CRC consistently declined from 20.7 in 1999 to 12.5 in 2020. Men had higher AAMR (18.8) than women (13.4) throughout the study. Black or African American patients had the highest AAMR (21.1), followed by White (15.4), Hispanic/Latino (11.8), American Indian or Alaska native (11.4), and Asian or Pacific Islanders (10.2). The location of death varied, with 41.99% at home, 28.16% in medical facilities, 16.6% in nursing homes/long-term care facilities, 7.43% in hospices, and 5.80% at other/unknown places. Conclusion There has been an overall improvement in AAMR among most ethnic groups, but an increase in AAMR has been observed among white individuals below the age of 55. Notably, over one-quarter of CRC-related deaths occur in medical facilities.
Association Between Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Salivary Cortisol Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Context: Salivary cortisol could be a good marker for temporomandibular joint disorders. This article aimed to study the association between salivary cortisol and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were searched according to the PRISMA guidelines without restricting the publication start date until October 2022. Only case-control studies were included in the study. The critical appraisal checklist of the Joanna Briggs Institute was utilized to appraise the selected articles. Results: Of 1173 articles found, 23 studies were eligible, and 18 were meta-analyzed. A total of 696 TMD patients and 785 controls were included. Meta-analysis showed that salivary cortisol was significantly higher in patients with TMD than the controls. Meta-regression showed that the difference in mean salivary cortisol decreased significantly between the two groups with increasing age. Conclusions: The salivary cortisol in patients with TMD is significantly higher than in the controls. As the heterogeneity among the studies was high, more studies are required to verify this association.
Stability Study of a Holling-II Type Model and Leslie-Gower Modified with Diffusion and Time Delays in Dimension 3

This current paper investigates a predator-prey model from Holling-II type and Leslie Gower modified with diffusion and two time delays in dimension three. Firstly, we demonstrate that its solutions are positive and globally bounded. Secondly, we study the local stability of six equilibria points of from one is located within the relevant domain. Under certain conditions, it reveals that among the equilibria points, some are locally stable. Finally, we focus on the global stability of the positive interior equilibrium point. We show that the global stability set out due to the lack of time delays is kept until a certain threshold value of time delays above which a change in the stability is observed. Thus, the global convergence analysis towards the positive interior equilibrium point demonstrate the importance and impacts of the time delay in the stability of our model.
An integrated assessment of the groundwater chemistry of the aquifers at North Giza Governorate, using multivariate statistical analysis, ionic ratios, and geochemical modeling

ROUNDWATER is an important source of water in Egypt that has been heavily exploited in recent decades. This has led to the expansion of the west Nile Delta cultivated area through the New Delta project (in the area to the west of the old Nile Delta), that pose additional stresses on the water resources. Fourteen groundwater samples from the semi-confined and five samples from the unconfined Quaternary aquifers were collected, thirteen samples from the Miocene (Moghra) aquifer, and one sample from the deep Nubian aquifer were also collected and analyzed for various parameters. A comprehensive assessment of the four aquifers in the study area were done using statistical analysis, biplots, Piper and Gibb's diagrams, as well as temporal comparison of the water chemistry. The statistical analysis output indicates the interplay between human activities (anthropogenic factors) and the interaction with the bearing rocks (geogenic factors) that affect the water chemistry of the aquifers. The hydrogeochemistry of the different aquifers indicates that the semi–confined Quaternary and the Moghra aquifers are best used for irrigation, while the unconfined Quaternary aquifer belongs to the Na-Cl water type and the deep Nubian aquifer water is brine according to the salinity classification. Additionally, caution must be taken to mitigate the potential impact of contamination from the use of fertilizers and excessive pumping on the groundwater quality
ELEMENTOS-TRAÇO NO PERFIL DO SOLO DE POMAR CÍTRICO APÓS ADUBAÇÃO ORGÂNICA DE LONGO PRAZO

A utilizacao de residuos agroindustriais como fonte de nutrientes para sistemas de producao orgânica tem sido uma alternativa viavel em muitos locais. Entretanto, a presenca de componentes indesejaveis nesses residuos, como os elementos-traco (ETs), pode resultar em contaminacao ambiental quando utilizados de forma excessiva e continuada. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto do uso de um residuo agroindustrial da regiao de Montenegro/RS, Brasil, nos atributos quimicos ao longo do perfil de um Argissolo Vermelho Distrofico espessarenico sob um pomar de tangerineiras manejado em sistema orgânico de producao, conduzido por longo prazo sob diferentes manejos e doses de adubacao. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes manejos da adubacao orgânica, com uso de plantas de cobertura do solo e aplicacao de composto e biofertilizante liquido, em doses comumente utilizadas pelos produtores. Altas doses do composto orgânico ocasionaram o incremento de ETs, em especial na camada superficial do solo, aumentando o risco de contaminacao ambiental. Onde as doses foram maiores, houve maior pH e teores de materia orgânica no solo e menor mobilidade dos elementos-traco no perfil, pelo efeito na precipitacao e complexacao destes elementos. Palavras-chave: contaminacao, materia orgânica, mobilidade, pH, residuo.
Factors affecting plant density and cotton yields in Turkmenistan

Cotton has been grown in central Asia for over 2,000 years, and is a major crop in Turkmenistan, where medium staple G. hirsutum is the dominant species, cultivated on 80% of the cotton growing area. Many of the cultivars used in Turkmenistan until the time of independence from Russia were from Uzbekistan. Since independence, the original suite of long staple G. barbadense and medium staple Uzbek cultivars has been considerably changed in Turkmenistan by selection for early maturity and productivity. Cotton yields in Turkmenistan have been declining since independence and were below 2 t/ha in 2001 when the TACIS ‘Support to the Cotton Sector Project’ 1 commenced, of which research reported in this thesis was a part. The main factors determining seed cotton yields in this country are quantity of irrigation water applied, nitrogen fertilization, deep ploughing, and plant population. Of these four important factors, plant density is the only one that individual farmers can control, as the others are either state controlled or require equipment held collectively. Reports from agronomists working on the TACIS project in April 2001 suggested that plant populations on farms were low by international standards, and this was supported by measurements of population on two Government cotton research stations. However, the optimum population for modern Turkmen cultivars was unknown, so the significance of these reports could not be judged. The aim of the research described in this thesis was to improve cotton production in Turkmenistan through optimising plant
Acoustical Power of Lightning Flashes

Lightning is a ubiquitous source of infrasound. To study lightning flashes, thunder measurement efficiently complements electromagnetic observation. Using acoustical arrays, time delays between sensors inform on the direction of sound arrival, while the difference between emission time and sound arrival provides the source distance. Combining the two allows a geometrical reconstruction of individual lightning flashes, each viewed as a set of sound point sources. The measured sound amplitude can also be back‐propagated, compensating for absorption and density stratification. This allows to evaluate the acoustical power of each detected source, and the total power of an individual flash. This methodology is carried out to analyze data from two campaigns in Southern continental France (HyMeX‐SOP1, 2012) and in Corsica (EXAEDRE, 2018). Acoustic reconstruction is compared with ground and altitude localizations provided respectively by electromagnetic low frequency range Lightning Location Systems (LLS), and very high frequency range Lightning Mapping Array (LMA). In Corsica, power from reconstructed sources is also forward‐propagated toward several isolated microphones, and compared to measured signal, giving an additional validation of the power evaluation. Seventy eight events from the two campaigns are analyzed, including negative and positive cloud‐to‐ground discharges and intracloud ones. The analysis outlines the method efficiency and the strong variability of lightning as sound sources in terms of both power spatial distribution and overall value. Lastly, the correlation of this later with electrical parameters is investigated, either peak current (provided by LLS) or Charge Moment Change, resulting from broadband Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) measurements.
Natural variation in fatty acid composition of diverse Vietnamese rice germplasm

Despite the advantages of rice bran oil in terms of nutrition and healthcare, the knowledge of its fatty acid composition was still limited. A panel of 100 rice varieties generated from the different ecosystems of Vietnam had been used in our study to investigate their fatty acid profile. Using the modern Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method, five main fatty acids in our rice bran were discovered including myristic (14:0), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:2) acids, in which the fatty acids profile were different and specific for each variety. Among the five fatty acids, the essential linoleic fatty acid content was the highest whereas the myristic acid had the lowest content. The genotype G31 (NEP CAM) had been found with the highest linoleic fatty acid content (43.5%) which could be considered a good source of food and potential for breeding. In this study, we also determined the correlation between the five fatty acids (FAs) content in each rice variety and in comparison with different genotypes. A strong positive correlation between palmitic acid content and the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid (R = 0.98) was obtained in this study. The ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid in Japonica genotypes is lower than Indica (p < 0.001), indicating that Japonica genotypes have more favorable unsaturated FA. Our study's results may have great importance in contributing to future breeding programs to improve fatty acid components in our Vietnamese rice.
Incidence of Asymptomatic Gallstones in Obese Patients Who Underwent Bariatric Surgery in Qassim Region at King Fahad Specialist Hospital

Background: Gallstone is a significant health issue in the KSA and other developing countries. Multiple important risk factors have been identified as being associated with gallstones. Obesity is one of the risk factors for gallstone formation. Therefore, this study intends to determine the incidence of asymptomatic gallstone disease among the obese population in the Qassim region. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of asymptomatic gallstone in obese patients and the risk factors that contribute to its development in the Qassim region. As well as to compare the prevalence of gallstone disease between age groups and genders. Methodology: A retrospective study of all patients who underwent bariatric surgery and had gallstones between January 2018 and January 2022 at King Fahad Specialist Hospital in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. The data, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and co-morbidities, will be collected from their charts. Results: The current study included 295 patients with a mean age of 34.83 years (SD = 11.7) and 126 (42.7%) male participants. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus, which was present in 54 (18.4%) participants, followed by hypertension in 42 (14.3%) participants. Of the 295 participants, 232 (78.6%) had asymptomatic gallstones, while 63 (14.3%) patients were symptomatic. The results showed that younger people (16-25 years) had the highest odds ratio of having asymptomatic gallstones compared to the reference group (>55 years). Gender was also significantly associated with asymptomatic gallstones, with males having higher odds of having asymptomatic gallstones than females. Participants with comorbidities other than diabetes mellitus had lower odds of having asymptomatic gallstones. Conclusion: The present study's main finding is that obese patients receiving bariatric surgery had a significant prevalence of comorbidities and asymptomatic gallstones. According to the results, diabetes mellitus, male gender, and younger age may all be risk factors for the occurrence of asymptomatic gallstones in this population.