Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La variabilité des débits du Rio Amazonas au Pérou

Le bassin amazonien peruvien (977 920km 2 , 76% de la superficie du Perou) apporte au Bresil d'importants volumes d'eau. Les debits de l'Amazone au Perou n'etaient pas connus. A partir des series de hauteurs d'eau journalieres aux stations de Tamshiyacu (1983-2005) et d'Iquitos (1969-2005, 50 km en aval) ainsi que des jaugeages realises par ADCP a Tamshiyacu depuis 2001, le debit a Tamshiyacu a ete calcule (1969-2005). Le debit moyen de cette station, la seule jaugee sur l'Amazone au Perou, est 25 000 m3 s -1 . Les donnees de pluie mensuelles de 234 postes pluviometriques ont ete utilisees pour calculer la lame d'eau precipitee (1964-1997). Les precipitations moyennes annuelles sont de 1600 mm. Le relation pluies/debits annuels pour la periode commune 1970-1997 est forte (r 2 = 0.77). On observe une tendance globale decroissante, de -0.83% et -0.81% respectivement pour les pluies et les debits sur la periode de 28 annees etudiees.
Early postoperative cognitive decline—are there any preventive strategies for surgical patients in the emergency setting?

Postoperative neurocognitive impairments following surgery are a growing concern, especially in the elderly population, since it is associated with a significantly increased risk of morbi-mortality in the postoperative period. Among them, delirium or the early postoperative cognitive decline is associated with a further risk of prolonged cognitive dysfunction and it may quicken long-term cognitive impairment or postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The current knowledge regarding preventive strategies for delirium is not focused anymore only on pharmacological and behavioral management strategies in the postoperative period, but also supports the preoperative cognitive training programs. Since preoperative cognitive evaluation and proactive interventions to optimize surgical patient outcomes are rather impossible in the emergency setting, what are the appropriate preventive strategies that can be implemented in day-to-day practice? In this review, we try to highlight the most recent experimental and clinical strategies, and outline the most relevant recommendations for clinicial practicioners based on the available data.
Gold-Technical note: Evaluation of an ear-attached movement sensor to record cow feeding behavior and activity

The ability to monitor dairy cow feeding behavior and activity could improve dairy herd management. A 3-dimensional accelerometer (SensOor; Agis Automa-tisering BV, Harmelen, the Netherlands) has been developed that can be attached to ear identification tags. Based on the principle that behavior can be identified by ear movements, a proprietary model classifies sensor data as “ruminating,” “eating,” “resting,” or “active. ” The objective of the study was to evaluate this sensor on accuracy and precision. First, a pilot evaluation of agreement between 2 independent observers, recording behavior from 3 cows for a period of approximately 9 h each, was performed. Second, to evaluate the sensor, the behavior of 15 cows was monitored both visually (VIS) and with the sensor (SENS), with approximately 20 h of registration per cow, evenly distributed over a 24-h period, excluding milking. Cows were chosen from groups of animals in different lactation stages and parities. Each minute of SENS and VIS data was classified into 1 of 9 categories (8 behaviors and 1 transition behavior) and summarized into 4 behavioral groups, namely ruminating, eating, resting, or active, which were analyzed by calculating kappa (κ) values. For the pilot evaluation, a high level of agreement between observers was obtained, with κ values of ≥0.96 for all behavioral categories, indicating that visual observation provides a good standard. For the second trial, relationships between SENS and VIS were studied by κ values on a minute basis and Pearson correlation and concordance correlation coefficient analysis on behavior expressed as percentage of total registration time. Times spent rumi-nating, eating, resting, and active were 42.6, 15.9, 31.6, and 9.9% (SENS) respectively, and 42.1, 13.0, 30.0, and 14.9% (VIS), respectively. Overall κ for the comparison of SENS and VIS was substantial (0.78), with κ values of 0.85, 0.77, 0.86, and 0.47 for “ruminating,” “eating,” “resting,” and “active,” respectively. Pearson correlation and concordance correlation coefficients between SENS and VIS for “ruminating,” “eating,” “resting,” and “active” were 0.93, 0.88, 0.98, and 0.73, and 0.93, 0.75, 0.97, and 0.35, respectively. In conclusion, the re-sults provide strong evidence that the present ear sensor technology can be used to monitor ruminating and resting behavior of freestall-housed dairy cattle. Our results also suggest that this technology shows promise for monitoring eating behavior, whereas more work is needed to determine its suitability to monitor activity of dairy cattle.
Patterns, outcomes and trends in hospital visits of un-operated and operated children with rheumatic heart disease in Sudan.

Background Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is an important public health problem in Sudan. Methods Clinical and echocardiographic findings from an RHD registry in Khartoum (January 2005-March 2018) are described. Operated and un-operated children were prospectively followed. The quality of life (QOL) for children who had surgery was evaluated using pediatric QOL cardiac module. Results A total of 818 children (51% males) were included, patients were clustered in White Nile and Kordofan area. RHD was found in 78% and acute rheumatic fever (ARF) in 22% of cases. RHD was severe in 65% and the most common lesion was mitral regurgitation (MR) in 37%. Follow-up of 107 un-operated children for a mean of 2 years revealed major complications in 38% including a mortality of 14%. Severe valve dysfunction tended to remain unchanged. There were 3 deaths in children with severe valve lesions immediately following benzathine penicillin injections. Only 19% of patients underwent surgery with an average post-operative mortality of 10.5% in the last 8 years. Of those, only 34 were reached for follow-up (23%), all were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class 1, however adverse outcomes were observed including noncompliance with benzathine penicillin and warfarin (51% and 29% respectively) and more than mild valve dysfunction in 35%. All children who had valve surgery have a good QOL scores. In the last 3 years, the outpatient visits, admissions and mortality rates decreased by 20%, 48% and 22% respectively. Conclusions RHD is clustered in certain areas and presents with severe valve lesions with a high mortality for un-operated patients. Operative mortality improved over the last years but the follow-up rates are poor and adverse outcomes are common. There is an apparent trend of decline in the number of patients with RHD seen at referral hospitals.
A Genetic Locus in Elizabethkingia anophelis Associated with Elevated Vancomycin Resistance and Multiple Antibiotic Reduced Susceptibility

The Gram-negative Elizabethkingia express multiple antibiotic resistance and cause severe opportunistic infections. Vancomycin is commonly used to treat Gram-positive infections and has also been used to treat Elizabethkingia infections, even though Gram-negative organisms possess a vancomycin permeability barrier. Elizabethkingia anophelis appeared relatively vancomycin-susceptible and challenge with this drug led to morphological changes indicating cell lysis. In stark contrast, vancomycin growth challenge revealed that E. anophelis populations refractory to vancomycin emerged. In addition, E. anophelis vancomycin-selected mutants arose at high frequencies and demonstrated elevated vancomycin resistance and reduced susceptibility to other antimicrobials. All mutants possessed a SNP in a gene (vsr1 = vancomycin-susceptibility regulator 1) encoding a PadR family transcriptional regulator located in the putative operon vsr1-ORF551, which is conserved in other Elizabethkingia spp as well. This is the first report linking a padR homologue (vsr1) to antimicrobial resistance in a Gram-negative organism. We provide evidence to support that vsr1 acts as a negative regulator of vsr1-ORF551 and that vsr1-ORF551 upregulation is observed in vancomycin-selected mutants. Vancomycin-selected mutants also demonstrated reduced cell length indicating that cell wall synthesis is affected. ORF551 is a membrane-spanning protein with a small phage shock protein conserved domain. We hypothesize that since vancomycin-resistance is a function of membrane permeability in Gram-negative organisms, it is likely that the antimicrobial resistance mechanism in the vancomycin-selected mutants involves altered drug permeability.
Late Holocene rupture behavior and earthquake chronology on the Hope fault, New Zealand

The Hope fault is the most active and southernmost splay of the Marlborough fault system in the northern South Island of New Zealand. The fault consists of five geometrically defined segments. We used trenching to acquire paleoseismic data and radiocarbon dating of faulted late Holocene sediments on the Hurunui segment of the Hope fault to derive an earthquake chronology that extends from the historic 1888 Mw 7.1 Amuri earthquake to ca. 300 C.E. , thereby providing the longest chronologic record of earthquakes on the Hope fault to date. Earthquake event horizons were identified by upward fault terminations, colluvial wedges, unconformities, and/or progressive folding of shutter basin deposits. Six earthquakes identified at C.E. 1888, 1740−1840, 1479−1623, 819−1092, 439−551, and 373−419 indicate a mean recurrence interval of ∼298 ± 88 yr, with successive median interevent times ranging from 98 to 595 yr. The large variance in interevent times with respect to mean recurrence interval is explained by (1) possible coalescence of rupture overlap from the adjacent Hope River segment onto the Hurunui segment at our study site (including the 1888 Mw 7.1 Amuri earthquake, sourced primarily from the Hope River segment), which results in apparently shorter interevent times at the study site compared to mean recurrence intervals from adjacent fault segments, (2) possible earthquake temporal clustering on the Hurunui segment, which could result in interevent times that are significantly shorter or longer than interevent times and mean recurrence intervals predicted by a periodic earthquake rupture model, and/or (3) “missing” events, which could result in interevent times and mean recurrence intervals at the study site that are longer than the actual mean recurrence interval. While we cannot exclude option 3 as a possibility, we prefer options 1 and 2 to explain earthquake chronologies and rupture behavior on the Hurunui segment of the Hope fault, given the detailed nature of our geologic and chronologic investigations. By demonstrating that the 1888 Amuri earthquake propagated through a proposed segment boundary, we provide the first evidence for coseismic multisegment ruptures on the Hope fault. In contrast, the penultimate earthquake ruptured the Hurunui segment at 1740−1840 C.E. with no known rupture of the Hope River segment. Paleoearthquake records near geometrically complex segment structural boundaries on major strike-slip faults may show temporal recurrence distributions resulting from earthquake ruptures that variably arrest or propagate through proposed segment boundaries. We note that earthquake recurrence along major strike-slip plate-boundary faults may vary between more periodic and more episodic end members, even on adjacent, geometrically defined segments.
Coping Strategies and Help-Seeking Behaviors among Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence: A Qualitative Study of Spouses of Men with Heavy Drinking in India

Background. Despite the high prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women in India (33%), there are persistently low rates of disclosure and help-seeking amongst survivors. The aim of this study was to explore both coping strategies employed by survivors and the perceived barriers and facilitators to seeking support from informal and formal resource networks. Methods. We conducted semistructured, in-depth qualitative interviews with thirty-five women survivors of IPV in Goa, India, in secure, private locations, utilizing flipcharts and vignettes to elicit deeper insights into efficacies of support resources. The data were transcribed, translated, and analyzed utilizing qualitative content analysis. Results. The most common coping mechanisms cited by survivors involved passive resistance, such as self-distraction, keeping quiet during violent outbursts, and leaving the home temporarily. Generally, survivors sought support from informal support networks (the natal family, in-laws, neighbors/community members, and close friends) before approaching formal support structures (medical/legal professionals, professors, police, and nongovernment organizations). In fact, informal structures were often facilitators of formal help-seeking. Survivors sought help at various stages of their marital relationship. Primary deterrents to help-seeking included the normalization of IPV by survivors and providers alike, resulting in the stigmatization of disclosing experiences of IPV and ostracism of survivors and close relatives; another barrier was a general lack of awareness of existing support resources. Conclusion. Our findings reveal that there are numerous barriers to help-seeking and shortcomings of support resources. Survivors’ evaluations of support resources reveal that robust, community-level, and meso-level structural changes are required to promote help-seeking behaviors, including the destigmatization of IPV amongst providers and broader society and raising awareness of available support resources.
Comparison of the effects of propofol and alfaxalone on the electrocardiogram of dogs, with particular reference to QT interval

Cardiac electrical activity is often altered by administration of anesthetic drugs. While the effects of propofol in this regard have previously been described in dogs, to date, there are no reports of the effect of alfaxalone. This study investigated the impact of both propofol and alfaxalone on the ECG of 60 dogs, after premedication with acepromazine and methadone. Heart rate increased significantly in both groups. The PR and QRS intervals were significantly increased following propofol while with alfaxalone the QRS duration was significantly increased and ST segment depression was observed. The QT and JT interval were significantly shorter following induction with alfaxalone, but, when corrected (c) for heart rate, QTc and JTc in both groups were significantly greater following induction. When comparing the magnitude of change between groups, the change in RR interval was greater in the alfaxalone group. The change in both QT and JT intervals were significantly greater following alfaxalone, but when QTc and JTc intervals were compared, there were no significant differences between the two drugs. The similarly increased QTc produced by both drugs may suggest comparable proarrhythmic effects.
THE INFLUENCE OF PROFESSIONAL COMMITMENT ON TURNOVER INTENTION AMONG EDUCATIONAL ACCOUNTANTS

The aim of this research is to examine the influence of professional commitment on turnover intention. The data collection method used in this study was a digital survey method, which involved sending a Google Form link to the selected population via WhatsApp chat. A total of 56 questionnaires were collected through the Google Form, but one questionnaire provided answers that were not as expected (negative questions were answered positively), so it had to be excluded from the research sample. Data analysis was conducted using inferential statistical tests, specifically multiple linear regression. The research results indicate that turnover intention among educational accountants at private universities is influenced by professional commitment, specifically Affective Professional Commitment. Low Affective Professional Commitment is associated with higher levels of turnover intention, indicating that the desire of educational accountants to leave their jobs is related to their lack of attachment to their profession. However, this study did not find evidence that turnover intention is influenced by Continuance Professional Commitment and Normative Professional Commitment. In short, the desire of educational accountants to switch jobs is not related to the presence of other job alternatives or a sense of obligation to remain committed to the university
Le genévrier thurifère, Juniperus thurifera L. (cupressacées) : analyse biométrique et biochimique; propositions systématiques

Sur des bases biometriques (nombre de graines par galbule) et biochimiques (importance de la prodelphinidine foliaire), nous proposons de sectionner Juniperus thurifera L. en deux sous-especes : -la premiere , J. th. thurifera subsp. nov., couvre le domaine europeen de l’espece ; elle est caracterisee par un nombre de graines eleve (3,0 +/-0,6 graines/galbule). Trois chimiovar peuvent etre distingues, respectivement faible (chimiovar hispanica), moyen (chimiovar gallica) et riche (chimiovar corsicana) en prodelphinidine ; -la seconde sous-espece, J. th. africana comb, nov., notee au Maghreb, presente un nombre significativement reduit de graines (1,2 +/-0,1 graines/galbule ) ; sa teneur en prodelphinidine est tres faible. Il existe en fait un cline biochimique allant du Maghreb a la Corse, fonde sur un polymorphisme subtil de la prodelphinidine ; les Alpes du Sud-Est francais peuvent etre considerees corme le foyer (secondaire) des taxons actuels.
Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides: Current Status and Future Perspectives

The use of radionuclides for targeted endoradiotherapy is a rapidly growing field in oncology. In particular, the focus on the biological effects of different radiation qualities is an important factor in understanding and implementing new therapies. Together with the combined approach of imaging and therapy, therapeutic nuclear medicine has recently made great progress. A particular area of research is the use of alpha-emitting radionuclides, which have unique physical properties associated with outstanding advantages, e.g., for single tumor cell targeting. Here, recent results and open questions regarding the production of alpha-emitting isotopes as well as their chemical combination with carrier molecules and clinical experience from compassionate use reports and clinical trials are discussed.
Impacts of ainuovirine-based and efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapies on the lipid profile of HIV/AIDS patients in southern China: a real-world study

Background The newly approved third-generation oral anti-HIV-1 drug, ainuovirine (ANV), was used in combination with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in our study, and its effects on the lipid profile of antiretroviral-experienced HIV/AIDS patients are unclear. Objectives This study aimed to examine the effects of antiretroviral agents on the lipid profile in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods We conducted a real-world prospective study involving treatment-naive and treatment-experienced adult participants living with HIV-1 infection provided with ANV- or efavirenz (EFV)-based regimens. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants with an HIV-1 RNA level of <50 copies/mL at week 24 of treatment. Secondary endpoints included the change from baseline in CD4+ T-cell count and lipid profile. Results A total of 60 treatment-naive and 47 treatment-experienced participants received an ANV-based regimen, while 88 treatment-naive and 47 treatment-experienced participants receiving an EFV-based regimen were, respectively, matched as controls. At week 24 following treatment, the proportion of participants with an HIV-1 RNA level of <50 copies/mL and the mean changes of CD4+ T-cell counts from baseline were significantly higher in naive-ANV group than those in naive-EFV group (p < 0.01). Compared with the EFV group, both naive and experienced ANV groups exhibited a favorable lipid profile, including constant changes in total cholesterol and triglycerides, a significant decrease in LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.0001), and a dramatic increase in HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001). Conclusion The efficacy of ANV was non-inferior to EFV when combined with two NRTIs. Patients receiving ANV-based regimens had a decreased prevalence of dyslipidemia.
Determination of Crop Co-efficient Values of Soybean ( Glycine max [L.] Merrill) by Lysimeter Study

Local level calibration of crop coefficient (K c ) values is critical for regional level planning and allocation of water resources for irrigation. In this regard, an experiment was conducted at the Irrigation and Water Management Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, in order to estimate crop coefficient values of soybean under the local climatic condition. An improved crop variety- BARI Soybean-6 was used in this experiment. The crop was grown under four irrigation treatments, allowing irrigation at an interval of 10, 15, 20 and 25 days. The treatments were so designed that drainage was allowed between the consecutive irrigations. Irrigation at 15 days interval produced the highest seed yield of 1.26 t/ha and was considered to be suitable for estimating seasonal crop evapotranspiration (ET c ) and K c values. The seasonal highest cumulative ET c was 308.43 mm under this treatment. The K c values of soybean at initial, development, mid-season and late season stages were found as 0.67, 1.46, 1.59 and 0.62, respectively. The Agriculturists 2016; 14(2) 14-23
Maternal plasma angiotensin 1-7 concentration is related to twin pregnancy chorionicity in the third trimester of pregnancy

Introduction Twin gestation is related to a higher risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy with possible risk stratification depending on chorionicity. It may be related to differences in plasma renin-angiotensin-aldosterone components between monochorionic and dichorionic twin pregnancies. The study aimed to analyze the plasma ANG II and ANG 1-7 concentrations in women with monochorionic and dichorionic twin gestation. Methods A prospective observational study included 79 women between 32 and 34 weeks of gestation with twin pregnancy (31 with monochorionic gestation and 48 with dichorionic gestation). Angiotensin II and angiotensin 1-7 concentrations were measured in the collected blood samples. Results No significant differences were observed in angiotensin II concentrations between the dichorionic and monochorionic group with significantly higher levels of angiotensin 1-7 being observed in the dichorionic group. Angiotensin 1-7 level was higher than angiotensin II in 20 women (64.5%) in the monochorionic group and in 42 women (87.5%, p=0.01) in the dichorionic group. Higher plasma concentrations of angiotensin II and lower concentrations of angiotensin 1-7 were found in 5 women with gestational hypertension and in 3 with preeclampsia compared to normotensive women. Discussion It is the first study investigating angiotensin II and angiotensin 1-7 in twin pregnancies regarding chorionicity. Our results showed that plasma angiotensin 1-7 concentration was related to chorionicity, while plasma angiotensin II level was not. In most women with twin gestation angiotensin 1-7 concentration exceeded the concentration of angiotensin II. A switch in the relation between angiotensin II and angiotensin 1-7 was observed in hypertensive pregnant women.