Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decreased inhibitory control after partial sleep deprivation in individuals reporting binge eating: preliminary findings

Background Poor executive functions are associated with dysregulated eating and greater caloric intake in healthy samples. In parallel, findings suggested that sleep deprivation impairs executive functions. Methods We investigated whether partial sleep deprivation impairs executive functions in individuals reporting binge eating (BE, N = 14) and healthy controls (C, N = 13). Switch cost and backward inhibition were measured using the Task Switching Paradigm after a habitual night of sleep and after a night of partial sleep deprivation. Results Results showed a Night by Group interaction on the backward inhibition. The two groups differed in the habitual night, evidencing higher inhibitory control in BE compared to C. Additionally, after partial sleep deprivation, compared to the habitual night, backward inhibition decreased in BE group. This preliminary study was the first to explore the impact of sleep deprivation on executive functions in participants reporting binge eating and healthy controls, thus highlighting their potential role in influencing eating behavior.
Proliferating activity in a bryozoan lophophore

Bryozoans are small benthic colonial animals; their colonies consist of zooids which are composed of a cystid and polypide. According to morphological and molecular data, three classes of bryozoans are recognized: Phylactolaemata, Gymnolaemata and Stenolaemata. Bryozoans are active suspension feeders and their feeding apparatus, the lophophore, is fringed with a single row of ciliated tentacles. In gymnolaemates, the lophophore is bell-shaped and its tentacles may be equal in length (equitentacled lophophores) or some tentacles may be longer than others (obliquely truncated lophophores). In encrusting colonies, polypides with obliquely truncated lophophores usually border specific sites of excurrent water outlets (colony periphery and chimneys) where depleted water has to be removed. It is known that during colony astogeny, colony-wide water currents rearrange: new chimneys are formed and/or location of the chimneys within a given colony changes with time. Such rearrangement requires remodeling of the lophophore shape and lengthening of some tentacles in polypides surrounding water outlets. However, proliferating activity has not been described for bryozoans. Here, we compared the distribution of S-phase and mitotic cells in young and adult polypides in three species of Gymnolaemata. We tested the hypothesis that tentacle growth/elongation is intercalary and cell proliferation takes place somewhere at the lophophore base because such pattern does not interfere with the feeding process. We also present a detailed description of ultrastructure of two parts of the lophophore base: the oral region and ciliated pits, and uncover the possible function of the latter. The presence of stem cells within the ciliated pits and the oral region of polypides provide evidence that both sites participate in tentacle elongation. This confirms the suggested hypothesis about intercalary tentacle growth which provides a potential to alter a lophophore shape in adult polypides according to rearrangement of colony wide water currents during colony astogeny. For the first time deuterosome-like structures were revealed during kinetosome biogenesis in the prospective multiciliated epithelial cells in invertebrates. Tentacle regeneration experiments in Electra pilosa demonstrated that among all epidermal cell types, only non-ciliated cells at the abfrontal tentacle surface are responsible for wound healing. Ciliated cells on the frontal and lateral tentacle surfaces are specialized and unable to proliferate, not even under wound healing. Tentacle regeneration in E. pilosa is very slow and similar to the morphallaxis type. We suggest that damaged tentacles recover their length by a mechanism similar to normal growth, powered by proliferation of cells both within ciliated pits and the oral region.
Influence of the progression of pleural neoplasia on the outcome of pleurodesis in mice

Purpose: Experimental study aimed at evaluating whether pleural neoplastic disease is associated with the degree of pleural fibrosis over time caused by talc pleurodesis. The study describes changes in levels of inflammatory mediators and determines whether the course of time involved in progression of neoplastic pleural disease is the factor that influences safety of talc pleurodesis usage in mice. Materials and Methods: Animals were randomized into two groups: Cancer group (CG) that received intrapleural injection of Lewis cells or Saline group (SG) that received saline injection. After, the animals were subdivided into Early (pleurodesis 3 days after pleural injection) and Late (pleurodesis 7 days after pleural injection) groups. Half of the animals in each group were euthanized 24 hours after pleurodesis (to obtain the inflammatory data); the remaining animals were killed after 8 days (to obtain the scores of pleural fibrosis). Results: CGs had lower fibrosis scores than SGs comparing early phases to late phases. Inflammation scores were lower in CGs, particularly in Late group. In SGs the inflammation was intense in 100% of the animals. In Late CG group pleural adhesions had the lowest scores; we found intense fibrosis only in SGs. VEGF and LDH levels had increased in animals with cancer, particularly in Late group. Systemic distribution of talc occurred only in Late CG. Conclusions: The time for pleural neoplasia to evolve is inversely proportional to the degree of pleural fibrosis. Earlier pleurodesis yielded the best results related to fibrosis, with less systemic inflammation and is safer in mice.
Essai sur l'adaptation de la fermentation ruminale au monensin

administered. The ration consisted of 300 g of hay and 300 g of concentrates, fed at 9.00 hand 16.00 h. Monensin was placed in the rumen as an aqueous suspension, just prior to the moming feeding. Monensin infusion was preceded and followed by a period during which no monensin was infused. The fol-lowing rumen fermentation parameters were determined: methane production, pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA) molar proportions, total volatile fatty acid concentration, lactate and ammonia concentrations and in sacco degradability of hay. Rumen gas expelled through the fistula was collected for 6 h per day and analysed. Total VFA concentration, molar proportions of individual VFA, pH, lactate and ammonia concentration were determined on rumen contents, sampled just prior the administration of monensin and 2 and 6 h later. In vitro incubations of 3 h were carried out with rumen fluid, sampled 1 h after feeding. In vivo and in vitro methane production was decreased by monensin feeding. The molar propor- tion of propionate in the rumen was increased, while acetate and butyrate percentages were lowered. The total VFA and ammonia concentrations were also decreased by monensin, but pH values were increased. In vitro production of propionate was stimulated by monensin administration and methanogenesis decreased. The organic matter in sacco degradability was not affected, probably because of the time difference between the introduction of bags and monensin in the rumen. These modifications of rumen fermentation persisted as long as monensin was given, indicating that in this experiment, there was no adaptation to the ionophore.
The effect of flow rate upon the magnitude of the olfactory response differs for different odorants

The authors wish to bring to your attention that the values given in Table II for stimulus volume, which are listed in cm in the column headed by V, were clerically misstated and did not agree with the values given in the text. None of the other values in the article or any of its reported findings and interpretations were affected by this clerical error. The correct values for this column from top to bottom should have read in cm as follows: 0.405, 0.70, 1.28, 2.20, 0.405, 0.70, 1.28, 2.20, 0.405, 0.70, 1.28, 2.20, 0.405, 0.70, 1.28, 2.20, 0.405, 0.70, 1.28, 2.20, 0.405, 0.70, 1.28, 2.20.
Effect of laparoscopic surgery on the risk for surgical site infections in colorectal resection: results from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service Database

Purpose To compare the hospital length of stay (LOS), duration of antibiotic use, medical costs, and incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) between laparoscopic colorectal surgery (Lap-CRS) and open CRS (Open-CRS). Methods We retrospectively reviewed data of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis assessment (7th assessment, 2015); the nationwide data were collected from patients who underwent CRS from September to November 2015 in low volume hospital to the tertiary hospital level in Korea. Results All 2,751 patients who underwent elective CRS were assessed. The mean hospital LOS (12.18 days vs. 14.16 days, P < 0.001) and mean postoperative LOS (8.21 days vs. 9.46 days, P < 0.001) were shorter in the Lap-CRS group than in the Open-CRS group. The mean duration of antibiotic use was shorter in the Lap-CRS group (2.91 days vs. 3.64 days, P = 0.033). The rate of SSI was lower in the Lap-CRS group, but there was no significant difference between the groups (3.57% vs. 5.01%, P = 0.133). Among the SSI group, the mean LOS (19.5 days vs. 24.9 days, P = 0.081), duration of antibiotic use (12.62 days vs. 15.46 days, P = 0.097), and medical costs showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. Conclusion Lap-CRS is significantly associated with reduced hospital LOS and the duration of antibiotic use in this study. However, we could not identify significant differences in the incidence of SSI according to the type of surgery. To assess the overall benefits of Lap-CRS, studies including the rate of SSI up to 30 days postoperatively will be needed in the future.
ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC VARIABILITY WITHIN THE GENUS CITRUS IN SYRIA USING SSR MARKERS

Aims : The characterization and the estimation of genetic variability between accessions belonging to Citrus genus using the SSRs markers. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Molecular Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria, between August 2011 to Mash 2013. Methodology: 114 samples representing 4 group of Citrus , obtained from the Department of Citrus Research in Tartous, Syria, were used in this study. DNA was extracted from young leaves and analyzed with 26 SSRs primer pairs. Results : Six primers produced monomorphic alleles, and the other 20 primers produced 95 different alleles. The highest number of alleles (32) was detected in Lemon group while the lowest number (28 alleles) was revealed in Mandarin group. The values of genetic diversity were calculated and ranged from 0.079 in Grapefruit to 0.533 in Mandarin groups. A dendrogram based on the index of genetic distance was established and showing clear separation between Citrus groups where they clustered into two distinct branches. The first one containing cultivars of Lemon group, while the second one included 4 distinct clusters, one for Mandarin cultivars group, one for sweet orange group, one for Grapefruit and pumelo and the fourth for Kumquat accessions. 12 specific alleles were identified, they will be a helpful tool in the Citrus breeding programs. Conclusion: The results obtained in the present work proved the utility of SSR markers for evaluating the genetic diversity and relationships between Citrus species maintained in the Department of Citrus Research in Tartous, Syria, and showed high level of genetic similarity within each cultivar and within the species of Grapefruit and of Sweet orange at the tested SSR loci.
Biomicrospheres Generate Ooids in the Laboratory

Precipitation of calcium carbonate is widespread in microbial communities (biofilms, microbial mats, etc.) and plays an important role in the nucleation and formation of stromatolites, onkolites and oolites. Here we report carbonate precipitation under laboratory conditions in defined spherical microbial communities. These microbial communities represent a symbiosis of cyanobacteria, diatoms and heterotrophic bacteria. Calcification structures always reflect the shape of microbial aggregates resulting from the formation of coalescent grains in chains. Position of the single carbonate crystals follows the spherical arrangement of the filamentous cyanobacteria and results in hollow spheres. The structure of the spherical biofilm determines the form of the carbonate layer. Tiny calcite scleres, deposited by spherical microbial communities in concentric arrangement are observed continuously, documented and described in the laboratory cultures. They may represent the precursors of oolites and are the first reproducible laboratory system generating ooids without a hard nucleus within an otherwise laminated microbial mat community.
Major Changes in Macroalgae Community Composition Affectthe Food and Habitat Preference of Idotea baltica

Followed by the massive increase in the biomass of Pilayella littoralis, Fucus vesiculosus has almost disappeared in Koiguste Bay, north-eastern Baltic Sea during 1995‐1998. Consequently, Idotea baltica, which previously fed on Fucus, switched to new food items ‐ Furcellaria lumbricalis and Pilayella littoralis. Idotea grazed more Pilayella than Furcellaria whereas Furcellaria was highly preferred as a habitat. Maximum 2.2% and 4.7% of the production of Furcellaria and Pilayella were removed by grazing. We conclude that the grazing pressure by Idotea is not sufficient to control the outbreak of Pilayella. However, Idotea has an advantageous effect on the persistence of Furcellaria by preferentially removing fast growing epiphyte Pilayella.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio are associated with cryptogenic stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale

Introduction Although most ischaemic strokes are due to cardioembolism, about 25–40% of strokes are cryptogenic. Patent foramen ovale has been associated with cryptogenic stroke; however, the precise mechanism of this association has not been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between inflammatory markers and cryptogenic stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale. Material and methods We included 206 patients with patent foramen ovale. Ninety-four (45.63%) out of 206 patients had had stroke, and 112 (54.37%) had not had stroke. The ratio of the total neutrophil count to the total lymphocyte count was defined as the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and the ratio of the absolute platelet count to the absolute lymphocyte count was determined as the platelet to lymphocyte count. Results The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was significantly higher in patients who had stroke than in those who did not (2.41 ±1.69 vs. 2.19 ±1.74, p = 0.047). Although the platelet to lymphocyte count was also higher in patients who had had stroke than in those who had not, it was not statistically significant (120.94 ±55.45 vs. 118.01 ±52.21, p = 0.729). 1.62 was the cut-off value for neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio to be associated with stroke with 73.4% sensitivity and 45.05% specificity (p = 0.042). Conclusions This study demonstrated that elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte count could be associated with cryptogenic stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale.
Klotho as a potential predictor of deceased donor kidney transplantation outcomes

Purpose Klotho is an antiaging factor mainly produced by renal tubular cells. Klotho is reportedly decreased in an animal model of acute kidney injury and patients with chronic kidney disease. However, information on Klotho expression after kidney transplantation is limited. We analyzed the correlation between donor Klotho expression and clinical outcomes of kidney transplantation. Methods Sixty patients who underwent deceased donor kidney transplantation between March 2015 and October 2017 were enrolled. Serum and tissue Klotho expression levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Graft function was assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results Patients were divided into 2 groups according to donor Klotho expression in renal tissues. A greater improvement in eGFR was observed at 1 week after transplantation in patients receiving kidneys with higher Klotho expression (47.5 ± 21.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs. 63.9 ± 28.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = 0.030). Patients were also classified into 2 groups according to donor serum Klotho level. There was a tendency for a higher eGFR at 12 months after transplantation in patients receiving kidneys from donors with a higher Klotho level (51.0 ± 18.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs. 61.2 ± 16.5 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = 0.059). When subgrouped into patients with or without biopsy-proven acute rejection, 12-month eGFR remained higher in patients receiving kidneys from donors with higher serum Klotho. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that donor tissue expression of Klotho correlated with early recovery of eGFR after kidney transplantation. Donor serum Klotho level tended to be associated with posttransplant 12-month eGFR. Donor Klotho expression might be a new predictor for deceased donor kidney transplantation outcome.
Socioeconomic Status and Overweight/obesity in an Adult Chinese Population in Singapore

BACKGROUND Studies from industrialized Western countries have reported an inverse association between socioeconomic status and overweight/obesity. In contrast, few studies from newly industrialized countries in Asia have examined this association. In this context, we examined the association between socioeconomic status and overweight/obesity by gender in Chinese adults in Singapore. METHODS A population-based cross sectional study of 942 participants (57.3% women, 40-81 years) residing in the Tanjong Pagar district of Singapore was conducted. Education, income, and housing type were used as socioeconomic status indicators. Main outcome-of-interest was the presence of overweight/obesity (n=313), classified by body mass index as overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2), or obese (≥30 kg/m2) RESULTS The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 33% in men and 34% in women. In men, SES indicators were not associated with overweight/obesity. In women, SES indicators were found to be inversely associated with overweight/ obesity. Compared to women with secondary/higher education, the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of overweight/obesity in women with primary/lower education was 2.5 (1.5-4.0). Compared to women earning > Singapore dollar (SGD) 1,000 per month, the OR (95% CI) of overweight/obesity among women earning ≤SGD 1,000 was 2.5 (1.4-4.5). Compared to women living in large size public apartments or private houses, the OR (95% CI) of overweight/obesity in women living in small/medium size public apartments was 1.8 (1.2-2.7). CONCLUSIONS Lower socioeconomic status, defined by education, income, and housing type was associated with overweight/obesity in Chinese Singaporean women.
Sedum formosanum subsp. miyakojimense (Crassulaceae), a new subspecies from Miyako-jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Abstract We re-examined the taxonomic status of plants treated as Sedum formosanum (Crassulaceae) from Miyako-jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, using morphological comparison and molecular phylogenetic analyses with related species. In morphology, plants from Miyako-jima Island bore a close resemblance to the other plants of S. formosanum, but differed in being perennial, polycarpic, and having lateral axillary branches. Molecular analyses based on ITS of nrDNA and six regions of cpDNA sequencing indicated that the Miyako-jima plants formed a distinct subclade. This subclade was part of a polytomy with three other subclades comprising nine taxa endemic to Taiwan and S. formosanum from other areas, including the type locality. Therefore, we propose and describe the Miyako-jima plants as a new subspecies, Sedum formosanum subsp. miyakojimense.
Tolerance Induction in Thymectomized, Adult Xenopus by Co-Transplantation of Thymus and Tolerated Skin Graft

Abstract In Xenopus, semi-xenogeneic JB skins render donor-specific tolerance to perimetamorphic JJ larvae, whereas the same grafts are never accepted by adults. To clarify the mechanisms underlying tolerance induction, we tried to find a method of inducing tolerance in adults. First, we reconstituted early-thymectomized (E-Txd) adults with larval or adult thymi. All JB skin grafts transplanted to E-Txd adults that had been reconstituted with larval thymi were rejected, while almost all of the E-Txd larvae that had been reconstituted with larval or adult thymi were rendered tolerant. Second, we transplanted tolerated JB (tol-JB) skin, i.e., JB skin that reportedly possessed a suppressive activity (Ono and Tochinai, 1995), to late-thymectomized adults and found that those adults were rendered tolerant. Third, when tol-JB skin and larval or adult thymi were simultaneously transplanted to E-Txd animals, many of the E-Txd adults were rendered tolerant. The overall results indicate that donor-specific tolerance can be induced in thymectomized JJ adults by cotransplanting either a larval or an adult thymus and a tol-JB skin graft.
A microsatellite analysis of natterjack toad, Bufo calamita, metapopulations

Although it is widely recognised that spatial subdivision of populations is common in nature, there is no consensus as to how metapopulation dynamics affect genetic diversity. We investigated the genetic differentiation of natterjack toads, Bufo calamita, in three regions of Britain where habitat continuity indicated the likely occurrence of extensive metapopulations. Our intention was to determine whether genetic analysis supported the existence of metapopulation structures, if so of what type, and to identify barriers to migration between subpopulations. Allele frequencies were determined across eight polymorphic microsatellite loci for a total of 24 toad subpopulations at three separate sites. Genetic differentiation was assessed using five measures of genetic distance, notably FST, RST, Nei's standard distance Ds,Δμ2 and the Cavalli-Sforza chord distance Dc. B. calamita exhibited small but significant levels of genetic differentiation between subpopulations in all three study areas, and genetic and geographic distance correlations indicated isolation-by-distance effects in all three cases. The effects on correlation strengths of compensation for positive (sea, rivers, urban development) and negative (pond clusters) barriers to toad migration between the subpopulations in each area were also determined. Dc, a measure which assumes that differentiation is caused by drift with negligible mutation effect, yielded the most plausible interpretation of metapopulation structures. Overall the patterns of genetic variation suggested the existence of a mixed metapopulation model for this species, with high levels of gene flow compatible with one version of the classical model but often supported by particularly stable subpopulations as in the mainland-island model.