Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of different spacing of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) intercropped with or without Lablab (Lablab purpureus) on biomass yield and nutritional value of Napier grass

This study was conducted with an objective of determining effect of three spacing of Napier grass intercropped with or without Lablab (Lablab purpureus) on the biomass yield and nutritive value of Napier grass forage in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement in RCBD with 4 blocks. Spacing was 1m x 0.5m, 0.75m x 0.5m, and 0.5m x 0.5m. Intercropping decreased the electro conductivity but increased the available phosphorous content of the soil and did not affect the pH, organic carbon and total nitrogen of the soil. Spacing, intercropping and their interaction had no significant effect (P>0.05) on dry matter (DM) yield (DMY) and crude protein (CP) yield (CPY) of the Napier grass. Intercropping and interaction of intercropping with spacing resulted to higher total DMY and CPY (P<0.05). The chemical composition of Napier grass was unaffected by spacing and interaction of intercropping with spacing. Intercropping of Napier grass with lablab however, increased the DM contents (P<0.05) of the Napier grass and decreased the ash contents. In conclusion, intercropping with lablab had a positive influence on the TDMY, TCPY, DM, hence increase the total forage yield and nutritive value of Napier grass. Conversely, spacing failed to have significant impact on these parameters. As such 1 m x 0.5m spacing and intercropping with lablab can be of a better choice based on the results of this study.
A diffusion problem of Kirchhoff type involving the nonlocal fractional p -Laplacian

In this paper, we study an anomalous diffusion model of Kirchhoff type driven by a nonlocal integro-differential operator. As a particular case, we are concerned with the following initial-boundary value problem involving the fractional $p$-Laplacian $\left\{ \begin{array}{*{35}{l}} {{\partial }_{t}}u+M([u]_{s, p}^{p}\text{)}(-\Delta)_{p}^{s}u=f(x, t) & \text{in }\Omega \times {{\mathbb{R}}^{+}}, {{\partial }_{t}}u=\partial u/\partial t, \\ u(x, 0)={{u}_{0}}(x) & \text{in }\Omega, \\ u=0\ & \text{in }{{\mathbb{R}}^{N}}\backslash \Omega, \\\end{array}\text{ }\ \ \right. $ where $[u]_{s, p}$ is the Gagliardo $p$-seminorm of $u$, $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^N$ is a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary $\partialΩ$, $1
An analysis of the stability in multivariate correlation structures

Analysing the instability in the multivariate correlation structure, the present thesis starts from assessing in-sample and out-of-sample performances of multivariate GARCH models with or without a structural break. The result emphasizes the importance of correlation change point detection for model fittings. We then propose semi–parametric CUSUM tests to detect a change point in the covariance structures of non–linear multivariate models with dynamically evolving volatilities and correlations. The asymptotic distributions of the proposed statistics are derived under mild conditions. Our simulations show that, even though the nearly unit root property distorts the size and power of tests, the standardization of the data with conditional standard deviations in multivariate volatility models can correct such distortions. Lastly, concerning classical trimmed issue in change point test, we extend the semi-parametric CUSUM to weighted CUSUM tests, which enhances the power across either ends of a sample. A Monte Carlo simulation study suggests that weighted CUSUM tests exhibit better performances than unweighted ones in finite samples. Regarding empirical applications, we show the absorption ratio is a leading indicator of the financial fragility, and we study global financial contagion effect, also we investigate unexpected events in the U.S. equity market.
Black Women’s and Girls’ Persistence in the P–20 Mathematics Pipeline: Two Decades of Children, Youth, and Adult Education Research

Like other women and girls of color in the U.S. education system, Black1 women and girls negotiate and integrate multiple marginalized identities in mathematics. As such, this integrative review used critical race theory (CRT) and Black feminism as interpretive frames to explore factors that contribute to Black women’s and girls’ persistence in the mathematics pipeline and the role these factors play in shaping their academic outcomes. A synthesis of 62 research studies reveals that structural disruptions, community influences, and resilience strategies significantly influence Black women’s and girls’ persistence in mathematics, and that combined, these factors can culminate into a more robust mathematics identity for Black women and girls. A robust mathematics identity, in turn, is an aspect of self-actualization that is needed for persistence, engagement, and sustained success in the pursuit of a mathematics doctoral degree. New questions, paradigms, and ways of examining the experiences of Black women and girls in mathematics to advance further knowledge that will inform policy are identified and discussed as a future research agenda.
Prevalence of adverse drug reaction in Indonesia: A systematic review

The prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) varies among countries. The aim of this systematic review was to provide reliable information regarding the prevalence of ADRs in Indonesia. A literature search of the PubMed database and Google Scholar between 2011 and 2021 was performed using the main keywords “ADRs” and “Indonesia,” with additional keywords based on the database used. We followed the 2020 PRISMA statement guidelines to prepare the review. Critical appraisal and assessment of the risk of bias were performed using the CONSORT, STROBE, CARE, and MINORS guidelines based on the article’s type. From 168 articles recorded in the databases, we included 36 articles after the identification, screening, and eligibility assessment processes. The prevalence of ADR in Indonesia ranged from 0.9% to 99% based on drug use, duration, and doses of therapy. Insulin, cardiovascular agents, and anti-inflammatories were the drugs with the highest occurrence of ADRs (with the maximum percentage in previous research over 60%). The prevalence of ADR in Indonesia is varied and related to the method used in the reporting studies. There is a need for an annual national report on ADR in Indonesia with a similar technique of survey and calculation to produce accurate data on ADR prevalence.
Secondary school students’ errors and misconceptions in learning algebra

The aim of the study is to develop an understanding of the kinds and sources errors and misconceptions that characterise students’ learning of school algebra. Systematic random sampling was used to draw sixty-five participants from a population of two hundred and twenty-three form three students. A cross sectional survey design was employed to collect data using written tests, a structured questionnaire and interviewing of the students from one high school in Zimbabwe. Content analysis technique was applied to textual data from three sources in order to determine the types of errors and misconceptions. The main findings are that both procedural and conceptual errors were prevalent that errors and misconceptions can be explained in terms of the students’ limited understanding of the nature of algebra; in particular their fragile grasp of the notion of a variable. Sources of misconceptions could be explained in terms of the abstract nature of algebra Mathematics educators should embrace errors and misconceptions in their teaching and should not regard them as obstacles to learning but rather engage with them for better understanding of algebraic concepts by students. Future studies can be carried on systematic errors as one of the ways of improving students’ understanding school mathematics.
Isolation and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Horn Beetle Larvae (Oryctes rhinoceros L.)

The horn beetle larvae (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) contain symbiotic bacteria that are used to digest and degrade cellulose as food so that it has the potential to produce cellulase enzymes. This study aims to isolate, characterize and identify microbial symbionts from horn beetle larvae that have the potential to produce cellulase enzymes.The methods in this study include morphology and physiology identification of bacteria, qualitative and quantitative activity tests and species determination using 16S rRNA sequencing technique. Based on the results of morphological observations, five bacterial isolates were taken which has the potential as a cellulase producer is indicated by the presence of a clear zone that is produced when a qualitative test is carried out using congo red staining with different cellulolytic indices. Based on the quantitative bacterial activity test using UV-Vis, the highest activity was found in PES3 isolates at 1.62 x 10-2 and PES5 at 1.61 x 10-2. Species determination results found that PES3 isolates belonged to the genus Acinetobacter and PES5 belonged to Pseudomonas. In addition to the isolates obtained for the environment and the industrial sector, cellulolytic bacteria can provide added value such as hydrolyze cellulose waste into alternative fuels.
DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH-BASED BIOLOGICAL MODULES ON CHARACTERISTICS OF LEAVES EPIDERMIS AND ITS DERIVATIVES OF Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme and Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ranti FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Biology learning in schools requires current references as enrichment material to accompany textbooks. Therefore it is necessary to develop research-based teaching materials. The study aimed to determine the feasibility of the modules developed for class XI learning on the structure and function of plant tissues based on the results of research on the characteristics of the epidermis and epidermal derivatives of cherry tomato leaves and rose tomato leaves. The research was carried out in two stages. The first was exploratory research carried out by taking samples in the form of cherry tomato leaf organs and rose tomato leaves. Preparation of cherry tomato leaf and rose tomato leaf preparations using the leaf clearing method, observation with optilab-raster image application. Research data were analyzed descriptively. The second stage was preparing modules on the structure and function of plant tissue as biology teaching materials for class XI using the ADDIE development model, which was limited to ADD. Module quality data was collected using a data collection instrument in the form of a product assessment questionnaire. The average result of product evaluation by material experts is 82.14%, and media experts are 84.37%. Based on the results of this assessment, the module on the structure and function of plant tissue is feasible to be used for testing as high school biology teaching materials.
Improving SMEs Innovative Work Behavior: How the Role of Transformational Leadership and Knowledge Sharing in the Digital Era

Purpose: There has been no previous research on innovative work behavior in SMEs, the variables of Transformational Leadership and Knowledge Sharing. This study aims to analyze Knowledge sharing on innovative work behavior and Transformational Leadership on innovative work behavior in SMEs Design/methodology/approach: This research uses quantitative research methods. The dimensions of transformational leadership are ideal influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual consideration. The dimensions of innovative behavior are exploring ideas, creating ideas, fighting for ideas, and implementing ideas. The population in this study are SMEs managers. Respondents in this study were 640 SMEs managers who were determined by simple random sampling method. Data collection was carried out through an online questionnaire using a Likert scale using a scale of 7. Data analysis in this study used the Partial Least Square structural equation model (SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 data processing software. The stages of data analysis begin with testing the validity and reliability of the instrument, determining and finally testing the hypothesis. Findings: The variable Knowledge sharing has a positive and significant effect on the innovative work behavior variable, the transformational leadership variable has a positive and significant effect on the innovative work behavior variable. Practical implications: The findings of this research can be used by SMEs managers to implement knowledge sharing and transformational leadership, to encourage increased innovative work behavior in SMEs, as well as for academics to support new knowledge and support theory. Authenticity/value: The novelty of this research is the relationship model of Innovative Work Behavior with transformational Leadership and knowledge sharing in the digital era which has not existed in previous studies.
Codes Identifiants dans les Graphes

Ce memoire presente quelques resultats recents sur les codes identifiants. La these est structuree en cinq chapitres. Le Chapitre 1 contient les definitions et presente la notion de code identifiant. Dans le Chapitre 2 nous etudions l'aspect algorithmique des codes identifiants. Le Chapitre 3 contient quelques resultats concernant des classes de graphes particulieres, a savoir les hypercubes, les grilles, et les cycles. Nous etudions quelques questions extremales au Chapitre 4. Enfin, le Chapitre 5 presente quelques resultats recents sur les codes identifiants dans les graphes aleatoires. A la fin du document nous resumons les resultats les plus importants que nous avons presentes et nous donnons quelques problemes ouverts sur le sujet.
SSL-GAN-RoBERTa: A robust semi-supervised model for detecting Anti-Asian COVID-19 hate speech on social media

Anti-Asian speech during the COVID-19 pandemic has been a serious problem with severe consequences. A hate speech wave swept social media platforms. The timely detection of Anti-Asian COVID-19-related hate speech is of utmost importance, not only to allow the application of preventive mechanisms but also to anticipate and possibly prevent other similar discriminatory situations. In this paper, we address the problem of detecting Anti-Asian COVID-19-related hate speech from social media data. Previous approaches that tackled this problem used a transformer-based model, BERT/RoBERTa, trained on the homologous annotated dataset and achieved good performance on this task. However, this requires extensive and annotated datasets with a strong connection to the topic. Both goals are difficult to meet without employing reliable, vast, and costly resources. In this paper, we propose a robust semi-supervised model, SSL-GAN-RoBERTa, that learns from a limited heterogeneous dataset and whose performance is further enhanced by using vast amounts of unlabeled data from another related domain. Compared with the RoBERTa baseline model, the experimental results show that the model has substantial performance gains in terms of Accuracy and Macro-F1 score in different scenarios that use data from different domains. Our proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance results while efficiently using unlabeled data, showing promising applicability to other complex classification tasks where large amounts of labeled examples are difficult to obtain.
Design and implementation of a fan beam coded aperture x-ray diffraction tomography system for checkpoint baggage scanning

X-ray diffraction tomography (XRDT) enables material identification throughout a volumetric object. We perform a simulation-based study to analyze how the image quality of a fan beam coded aperture XRDT system depends on the specifications of the detector used to measure the scatter signal. Going beyond simulation, we design and implement an XRDT prototype scanner that operates in near real-time to perform slice-by-slice imaging of a target object. The scanner is consistent with the requirements of airport checkpoint lanes and can run inline with existing transmission-based X-ray scanners.
Comparison of the Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine on Stress Response and Postoperative Delirium of Older Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose We investigated the effects of intraoperative intravenous lidocaine or dexmedetomidine infusion on inflammatory factors and cognitive function in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery. Patients and Methods Patients aged >65 years undergoing elective thoracoscopic lobectomy or segmentectomy were randomly grouped as dexmedetomidine group (group D), lidocaine group (group L), and control group (group C). The plasma cortisol, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were measured before anesthesia (T0) and immediately (T1), 24 h (T2), and 48 h postoperatively (T3). Postoperative delirium (POD) was assessed by 3D-CAM on days 2 and 7. Results The cortisol concentrations decreased for all groups at T1 from T0 although they were significantly higher at T2. Group L had significantly lower interleukin-6 concentrations at T1 and T2 than the other groups (P<0.05). The interleukin-6 concentrations were significantly higher at T1, T2, and T3 than at T0 for all the groups, significantly lower for groups D and L than for group C at T1 and T2 (P<0.05), and significantly lower for group L than for group D at T2 (P<0.05). The tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were significantly higher at T1, T2, and T3 than at T0 for all the groups and significantly lower for groups D and L than for group C at T1 and T2 (P<0.05), although they were not statistically significantly different for groups D and L. There were no statistically significant differences in the postoperative incidence of POD between the three groups on days 2 and day 7. Conclusion Intraoperative continuous intravenous lidocaine or dexmedetomidine infusion reduced surgical stress and inflammatory responses. The inhibitory effect of lidocaine on surgical stress remained significant for up to 24 h postoperatively without affecting patient awakening. However, the administration of either drug failed to prevent postoperative POD.
Large and Tunable Chiro-Optical Response with All Dielectric Helical Nanomaterials

Controlling the state of optical polarization is a major focus of modern nanophotonics, which can be achieved quite effectively with plasmonic chiral nanomaterials, such as to obtain intense polarization sensitive optical response. Unfortunately, ohmic losses associated with light absorbed in metallic nanostructures can be a major limiting factor, which has triggered interest in alternate low-loss elements. Here, we describe an all dielectric chiral metamaterial comprising helical core–shell nanostructures, with large refractive index contrast between the core (SiO2) and the shell (Si or Ge). The system exhibits very strong chiro-optical activity (differential transmittance ∼20%) whose spectral characteristics can be tuned by simply controlling the thickness of the shell, thereby covering the entire range from visible to near IR. The numerical calculations match well with the experimental results and suggest the chiro-optical response to originate in magnetic fields that were strongly confined within the .
The real risk in pension forecasting

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to shed light on some of the flaws in the forecasting approach undertaken by the pension industry. Specifically, it considers the treatment of inflation and shows that the current modeling framework is too simplistic. I identify the flaws of the existing regulatory framework and provide an alternative full model framework constructed around the three-factor diffusion model recently proposed by the Danish Society of Actuaries. By use of a simulation study I compare the deterministic inflation scheme applied in the industry to a stochastic scheme and show that the real value of the pension saver’s investment portfolio at retirement is highly dependent on the inflation scheme. As the deterministic scheme does not take state variable correlations into account it overestimates the expected portfolio value in real terms compared to the stochastic scheme. Moreover, the deterministic scheme gives rise to a more heavy-tailed distribution implying a misestimation of downside risk and upside potential. Finally, it is shown in a realistic case study that the pension saver’s expected retirement payout profile is heavily affected.
Self-Oscillating Liquid Crystal Elastomer Helical Spring Oscillator with Combined Tension and Torsion

Self-oscillation is the autonomous maintenance of continuous periodic motion through energy absorption from non-periodic external stimuli, making it particularly attractive for fabricating soft robots, energy-absorbing devices, mass transport devices, and so on. Inspired by the self-oscillating system that presents high degrees of freedom and diverse complex oscillatory motions, we created a self-oscillating helical spring oscillator with combined tension and torsion under steady illumination, among which a mass block and a liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) helical spring made with LCE wire are included. Considering the well-established helical spring model and the dynamic LCE model, a nonlinear dynamic model of the LCE helical spring oscillator under steady illumination is proposed. From numerical calculation, the helical spring oscillator upon exposure to steady illumination possesses two motion regimes, which are the static regime and the self-tension–torsion regime. Contraction of the LCE wire under illumination is necessary to generate the self-tension–torsion of the helical spring oscillator, with its continuous periodic motion being maintained by the mutual balance between light energy input and damping dissipation. Additionally, the critical conditions for triggering the self-tension–torsion, as well as the vital system parameters affecting its frequencies and amplitudes of the translation and the rotation, were investigated in detail. This self-tension–torsion helical spring oscillator is unique in its customizable mechanical properties via its structural design, small material strain but large structural displacement, and ease of manufacture. We envision a future of novel designs for soft robotics, energy harvesters, active machinery, and so on.
The Cauchy problem for a spin-liquid model in three space dimensions

Abstract In this paper, we study the Cauchy problem for magnetic fluid of spin-liquid type with Mermin-Ho relation in the three-dimensional space and prove global existence and uniqueness of solutions. The proof is based on the equivalence relation between smooth solutions of the spin-liquid model and the systems of Schrödinger equations with Abelian gauge field. The Sobolev spaces with fractional derivatives are also used in our estimates.