Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of speech and language delay among 0-3 years old children attending well-baby clinics using Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of language delay in children aged 0-3 years and to evaluate the association of sociodemographic, perinatal, and home environment factors with language delay. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 children aged 0-3 years attending the well-baby clinic or the outpatient department were included in the study, with exclusion of children with severe illnesses or those with known developmental delays. The parents of the children were asked to fill a risk factor analysis questionnaire consisting of questions related to the socio-demographic, perinatal factors, and home environment. Children were screened for developmental delay using Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum for children aged 0-3 years. Results: Prevalence of language delay in our study was 13%. Positive home environment was significantly associated with no language delay in children (p=0.0481); the association was also seen with the parental habit of reading and the happy nature of children (p<0.05). Language delay was more common in the age group of 13-24 months, and other socio-demographic or perinatal factors did not have a statistically significant association with language delay. Conclusion: Positive home environment is significantly associated with less language delay in children aged 0-3 years. Association of different socio-demographic, perinatal, and home environmental factors with language delay needs to be evaluated with further research.
An evaluation of the hierarchical factor structure of the Persian-translated death anxiety scale in nursing students of Iran

Background/Objective: Clinical nurse educators globally have recognized the prominent necessity of evaluating for death anxiety in students, and adopting curriculum that provides education about death and dying. Reliable assessment tools are needed to evaluate death anxiety in the student population. The study evaluates the hierarchical factor structure of the Persian-translated Templer’s Death Anxiety Scale (TDAS) in nursing students from Iran. Methods: A repeated measures standard psychometric analysis was conducted. In total 400 undergraduate and graduate nursing students from a major university campus in Sari, Iran finished the Persian translated 15-item TDAS. Construct validity was assessed. Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha (α), Theta (θ), and McDonald’s Omega (Ω) coefficients. Results: Exploratory factor analysis (N = 200) indicated the TDAS had two factors (Fear of loss of life; Fear to face death). Model fitness indicators confirmed two independent TDAS structure levels. The Cronbach’s alpha, Theta, McDonald, and construct reliability were larger than . 70. Conclusions: Study outcomes corroborated acceptable psychometric properties and factor structure for the TDAS in a sample of Iranian nursing students. Findings suggest that the scale can be utilized for reliable and valid educational evaluation of death anxiety in Iranian nursing students.
Method comparison of tumor markers assessed by LOCI™- and ECLIA-based technologies

Abstract Background: Since the introduction of luminescent oxygen channeling immunoassays (LOCI™)-based assays in the daily laboratory routine of tumor marker measurements, only a small number of method comparisons with established immunoassays have been published. We performed a method comparison between LOCI™-based tumor marker assays for Dimension™ VISTA and electrochemiluminiscent immunoassays (ECLIA) for Cobas™ e411, for α-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 125, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and free PSA (fPSA). Methods: Tumor markers were assessed in 1088 sera from routine diagnostics on the Dimension™ VISTA 1500 and Cobas™ e411 analyzers. Results: Strong correlations were achieved for PSA (r=0.999), AFP (r=0.994) and CEA (r=0.993). Results were quite comparable as only minor slopes of 1.05 (PSA), 1.02 (AFP) and 0.94 (CEA), respectively, were found. However, correlations for CA 125 (r=0.976), CA 19-9 (r=0.960), fPSA (r=0.950) and CA 15-3 (r=0.940) were only moderate, and considerable slopes were observed for these markers with higher values for CA 19-9 (slope 1.50) and lower ones for CA 15-3 (0.76), fPSA (0.75) and CA 125 (0.64), for Dimension™ VISTA 1500. Conclusions: We found excellent correlations and comparable values for AFP, CEA and PSA, but only moderate correlations for fPSA, CA 125, CA 15-3 and CA 19-9. The slopes for CA 19-9, CA 15-3, fPSA and CA 125 have to be considered when analysis methods for tumor markers are changed.
Phase III trial of nilotinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): First results from ENEST g3.

10017^ Background: Nilotinib (N), a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting KIT, PDGFRA, and BCR-ABL with activity against imatinib (IM)-sensitive and -resistant GIST cells, has shown efficacy in phase I and II trials. ENEST g3, a phase III, randomized, open-label, multicenter trial was performed to test N vs best supportive care (BSC) with physician choice to continue or stop IM or sunitinib (S) in patients (pts) with advanced/metastatic GIST who had failed IM and S. Methods: Pts were randomized 2:1 to N 400 mg bid or to the control arm (C = BSC, BSC+IM, or BSC+S, at physician discretion). Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) per RECIST assessed by blinded central radiology review (CRR). Results: 248 pts were included in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population: N=165, C=83 (BSC=6, BSC+IM=54, BSC+S=23). No significant difference in PFS between the N and C arms was observed based on CRR (p=0.5555; median PFS=109 vs. 111 days, respectively). There was major discordance in local inve.
An investigation into consumer buying behaviour of alcoholic beverages in specialist retailer outlets in South Africa

The alcoholic beverage industry in South Africa is highly competitive, with thousands of brands competing for market share. Companies investing in advertising want to understand if they are getting a return on their investment and also ultimately, whether the advertising contributes towards changing consumers’ buying behaviour and leads to increased revenue. The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness and efficiency of branded advertising in specialist retailer outlets in the alcoholic beverage industry of South Africa, also making clear recommendations on how these methods can be used in the industry and be integrated into marketing strategy. The alcoholic beverage industry in South Africa is cluttered with brands and products. There is a lack of recorded information on advertising campaigns. The product life cycle (PLC) methodology is used to segment the market and determine a product’s competitor set. The data envelopment analysis (DEA) method is used to determine the advertising efficiency. Regression analysis is used as a benchmark method to determine effectiveness. The results show that using the PLC and DEA methods in combination have meaningful results and meet the set objectives. It is also possible to overcome the practical industry problems of noise, clutter and availability of data, while providing market insights. The study will cover alcoholic beverages available in the formal retail market from January 2013 to December 2017. iii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
Herbs to treat liver diseases: More than placebo?

Chronic liver diseases are a major health burden worldwide, with liver cirrhosis being the ninth leading cause of death in Western countries. Treatments of chronic viral hepatitis B and C have greatly improved lately, whereas therapies of metabolic, toxic, and genetic liver disease are still at best modestly effective. Largely unmet is the need to treat established cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs) and prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With this in mind, the widespread and increasing use of herbal drugs in patients with liver disease is not surprising. Herbals that interfere with progression of liver fibrosis have been studied extensively in experimental and clinical settings, and some are currently tested in clinical trials on chronic viral hepatitis, NAFLD, and HCC. Prominent examples of herbals used to treat liver diseases are listed in Table 1. (Silymarin is addressed in a separate article in this series.)
Fostering sustainability through technology-mediated interactions

This article addresses the lack of scholarly attention paid to the sharing economy from a sociological perspective, with respect to the technology-mediated interactions between sharing economy users. The paper provides a critical overview of the sharing economy and its impact on business and communities and explores how information technology can facilitate authentic, genuine sharing through exercising and enabling conviviality and non-direct reciprocity. ,The paper begins with a critique of the technology-mediated sharing economy, introduces the concept of conviviality as a tool to grow and shape community and sustainability within the sharing economy and then explores reciprocity and sharing behaviour. Finally, the paper draws upon social exchange theory to illustrate conviviality and reciprocity, using four case studies of technology-enabled sharing. ,The paper contributes to the emerging debate around how the sharing economy, driven by information systems and technology, affects social cohesion and personal relationships. The paper elucidates the central role conviviality and reciprocity play in explaining the paradoxes, tensions and impact of the sharing economy on society. Conviviality and reciprocity are positioned as key capabilities of a more sustainable version of the sharing economy, enabled via information technology. ,The findings reveal that information technology-mediated sharing enterprises should promote conviviality and reciprocity in order to deliver more positive environmental, economic and social benefits. The diversity of existing operations indicated by the findings and the controversies discussed will guide the critical study of the social potential of sharing economy to avoid treating all sharing alike.
Disease Severity Scores and Haemogram Parameters in Nigerian Sickle Cell Disease Patients

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with high mortality in Nigeria and the rest of sub-Saharan Africa; there is need to find easily available parameters that could predict disease severity and influence therapy. Objective: To evaluate the haemogram of a population of SCD patients and correlate these with objective scores of disease severity. Methods: Sixty (60) asymptomatic steady state (ASS) SCD patients in our clinic were randomly selected and interviewed with a questionnaire. Their haemogram was done using a 17 parameter, 3-part white cell differential, auto-analyser (KX 21N, Sysmex corporation, Chuo ku, Kobe, Japan) and objective severity scores calculated using a modification of the method proposed by Anyeagbu et al. Statistical analysis of data was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 20 (SPSS Inc., IL, Chicago, USA), with significance assigned to p values less than 0.05. Result: Of the 60 subjects assessed, severity scores were calculated for 49: 11 (22.4%), 31 (63.3%) and 7 (14.3%) met the criteria for mild, moderate and severe disease respectively. The haemogram parameters that were significantly correlated with disease severity were mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and white blood cell count (WBC), p=0.014, and 0.001 respectively. Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) were negatively correlated with disease severity (p=0.001). Conclusion: In addition to already known haemogram parameters that affect SCD severity (such as WBC, Hb concentration, and PCV) MCHC also does same and can be manipulated by drugs and other kinds of therapy to ameliorate severity in patients.
A60 THE INCIDENCE OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IS DECREASING IN SASKATCHEWAN: A POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY

Canada has one of the highest inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence rates worldwide, although within Canada rates vary. Evidence show increasing incidence rates of IBD in Ontario (i.e. adults aged 30–60), stable in Alberta and decreasing in Manitoba. Additionally, higher incident rates of IBD have been identified among urban regions compared to rural regions. There is limited data on the incidence of IBD in Saskatchewan. The study objectives were to 1) estimate IBD incidence rates in Saskatchewan from 1999 to 2016, and 2) test for differences in IBD incidence rates for rural and urban regions of Saskatchewan. A population-based study was conducted using linked provincial administrative health databases. Individuals age 18+ old with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were identified using a validated case definition. Generalized linear models with a negative binomial distribution were used to estimate incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRR) adjusted for age group, sex, and rurality with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). In total, 4,908 newly diagnosed individuals with IBD were included. The average annual incidence rate of IBD decreased from 75 (95%CI 67–84) per 100,000 people in 1999 to 15 (95%CI 12–18) per 100,000 population in 2016. This decrease was evident in both UC (from 36/100,000 [95%CI 31–42] in 1999 to 6/100,000 [95%CI 4–8] in 2016) and CD (37/100,000 [95%CI 32–42] in 1999 to 8/100,000 [95%CI 6–10] in 2016). A significant decline of 6.9% (95%CI 6.2–7.6) in the average annual incidence of IBD was estimated between 1999 and 2016 (see Figure 1). Urban residents had a greater overall risk of IBD (IRR=1.19, 95%CI 1.11–1.27) than rural residents. This risk difference was statistically significant for CD (IRR=1.25, 95%CI 1.14–1.36), but not UC (IRR=1.08, 95%CI 0.97–1.19). A decreasing trend in IBD incidence in Saskatchewan was identified after adjusting for age group, sex, and rural/urban region of residence. Around 150 new cases of IBD are still diagnosed annually in Saskatchewan, but this estimate is lower than estimates from other provinces. Urban dwellers have a 25% higher risk of CD onset compared to their rural counterparts. This finding could suggest the presence of specific risk factors in urban settings that require further investigation. Health care providers and decision-makers should plan IBD-specific health care programs taking into account these specific IBD rates in Saskatchewan. College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan
Relativistic potential of Weyl: a gateway to quantum physics in the presence of gravitation?

The well-noted correspondence between gravitation and electrodynamics emphasizes the importance of the Lanczos tensor—the potential of the Weyl tensor—which is an inherent structural element of any metric theory of gravity formulated in a 4-dimensional pseudo Riemannian spacetime. However, this ingenious discovery has gone largely unnoticed. We elucidate this important quantity by deriving its expressions in some particularly chosen spacetimes and try to find out what it represents actually. We find out that the Lanczos potential tensor does not represent the potential of the gravitational field, as is ascertained by various evidences. Rather, it is enriched with various signatures of quantum character, which provides a novel insight into the heart of a geometric embodiment of gravity.
Clostridioides difficile antibody response of colorectal cancer patients versus clinically healthy individuals

Dysbiosis, defined as an imbalance in the gut microbiota caused by too few beneficial bacteria and an overgrowth of bad bacteria, yeast, and/or parasites, is now being associated with several diseases, including the development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). In this study, the potential association of Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) with CRC was investigated. Plasma samples obtained from preoperative histologically confirmed CRC patients (n=39) and their age- and sex-matched clinically healthy controls (n=39) were analyzed for antibodies to toxin B of C. difficile (anti-tcdB) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A significantly greater number (p=0.012) of CRC cases (n=26/39, 66.7%) had anti-tcdB IgG levels above the cutoff value compared with controls (n=12/39, 30.8%). Eight cases (8/39, 20.5%) and none of the controls registered anti-tcdB IgA levels above the cutoff value (p=0.0039). Anti-tcdB IgG and IgA levels were not shown to be significantly associated with tumor grade or tumor stage. Anti-tcdB IgG showed 66.7% sensitivity and 69.2% specificity. For anti-tcdB IgA, sensitivity and specificity were 20.5% and 100%, respectively. The positive predictive values for anti-tcdB IgA and IgG were 100% and 68.4%, respectively. The anti-tcdB IgA and IgG negative predictive values were 55.7% and 67.5%, respectively. The results suggest the potential association of C. difficile with CRC and anti-tcdB levels, particularly the IgA level. Hence, anti-tcdB antibodies can be candidate serologic markers for CRC.
The Relationship between Instructional Leadership Practices and Leadership Self-Efficacy of School Leaders

With educational reform focused on school accountability, principals must attend to tasks that lead to school improvement. Identifying such tasks as instructional leadership practices and gaining a more comprehensive understanding of instructional leadership practices through leadership self-efficacy may contribute to school improvement. Thus, the purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate instructional leadership practices and the degree to which these practices predict the leadership self-efficacy of school leaders. Participants in the survey were 100 principals and assistant principals of public schools in the southeastern United States, spanning 18 school districts, and 180 schools. Findings indicated instructional leadership practices of school leaders predict their leadership self-efficacy. More specifically, for every one unit increase in the area Supervising and Evaluating Instruction, self-efficacy increases by β = . 321 standard deviations. Likewise, for every one unit increase in Monitoring Student Progress subscale, self-efficacy increases by β = . 302 standard deviations. Additionally, there were statistically significant differences in the leadership self-efficacy of principals and assistant principals, t = 2.165, p =. 033. Educational leaders and key constituents may consider these results for reflection on practice as well as professional learning for skill development to attain school improvement. Recommendations for future research include expansion of the population to include participants in other locations as well as the inclusion of additional instructional leadership practices. INDEX WORDS: Instructional leadership, Instructional leadership practices, Leadership selfefficacy, School leaders, School improvement THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP PRACTICES AND LEADERSHIP SELF-EFFICACY OF SCHOOL LEADERS by CARTER BRAN AKINS B.A., University of Georgia, 1999 M.Ed., Georgia Southern University, 2009 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty at Georgia Southern University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF EDUCATION STATESBORO, GEORGIA
Dorm Room Dealers Drugs And The Privileges Of Race And Class

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Long-Term Effects of Corruption Control and Economic Freedom on Economic Growth

Theoretical models and empirical evidence show that corruption control and economic openness have effects on economic growth. This paper aims to estimate the long-term effects of the anti-corruption effort and economic freedom on economic growth in a sample of 121 countries. We use autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models and estimation techniques appropriate to the case where there is a correlation between cross-section errors possibly generated by spillover effects. Besides, estimates of ARDL models are consistent even with endogenous regressors and integrated variables. The results indicate that economic growth of a country can be positively and significantly affected by the long-term corruption control and economic freedom.
The Study of Factors Relevant to Skin Cancer Preventive Behavior in Female High School Students in Yazd Based on Protection Motivation Theory

The Study of Factors Relevant to Skin Cancer Preventive Behavior in Female High School Students in Yazd Based on Protection Motivation Theory Introduction: Skin cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in Yazd, and childhood and adolescence are particularly important time for preventing later skin cancer risk. The goal of this study is to assess the factors relevant to skin cancer preventive behavior in female high school students in Yazd based on protection motivation theory. Skin cancer is one of the most preventable , curable and treatable of all other cancers. The rates for most cancers declined, but the skin cancers increased by 3to5% recently. sun exposure is a major causative factor for skin cancer for which prevention is possible. Protection motivation theory (PMT)provides one model for increasing healthy behavior through persuasive communication Methods: Participants in this cross- sectional study were 360 female students from 4 high schools in Yazd. Data were gathered through a self- report questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS, and statistical tests of ANOVA, T-test, Pearson correlation and regression. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient showed that a significant positive correlation exists between behaviors and perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, fear, self- efficacy, response efficacy and coping-appraisal, and a significant negative correlation exists between behaviors and response cost, reward and perceived threat (P Discussion: results support the effectiveness of a PMT- based intervention to change the attitude and behavior associated with skin cancer risk. Theory – based intervention can motivate people to alert their attitudes and behaviors regarding sun exposure. Keywords: Skin cancer, Protection motivation theory, Students