Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reflectance Measurements from Aerial and Proximal Sensors Provide Similar Precision in Predicting the Rice Yield Response to Mid-Season N Applications

Accurately detecting nitrogen (N) deficiency and determining the need for additional N fertilizer is a key challenge to achieving precise N management in many crops, including rice (Oryza sativa L.). Many remotely sensed vegetation indices (VIs) have shown promise in this regard; however, it is not well-known if VIs measured from different sensors can be used interchangeably. The objective of this study was to quantitatively test and compare the ability of VIs measured from an aerial and proximal sensor to predict the crop yield response to top-dress N fertilizer in rice. Nitrogen fertilizer response trials were established across two years (six site-years) throughout the Sacramento Valley rice-growing region of California. At panicle initiation (PI), unmanned aircraft system (UAS) Normalized Difference Red-Edge Index (NDREUAS) and GreenSeeker (GS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVIGS) were measured and expressed as a sufficiency index (SI) (VI of N treatment divided by VI of adjacent N-enriched area). Following reflectance measurements, each plot was split into subplots with and without top-dress N fertilizer. All metrics evaluated in this study indicated that both NDREUAS and NDVIGS performed similarly with respect to predicting the rice yield response to top-dress N at PI. Utilizing SI measurements prior to top-dress N fertilizer application resulted in a 113% and 69% increase (for NDREUAS and NDVIGS, respectively) in the precision of the rice yield response differentiation compared to the effect of applying top-dress N without SI information considered. When the SI measured via NDREUAS and NDVIGS at PI was ≤0.97 and 0.96, top-dress N applications resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in crop yield of 0.19 and 0.21 Mg ha−1, respectively. These results indicate that both aerial NDREUAS and proximal NDVIGS have the potential to accurately predict the rice yield response to PI top-dress N fertilizer in this system and could serve as the basis for developing a decision support tool for farmers that could potentially inform better N management and improve N use efficiency.
Sur la classification des idéaux primitifs des algèbres enveloppantes

© Bulletin de la S. M. F. , 1984, tous droits réservés. L’accès aux archives de la revue « Bulletin de la S. M. F. » (http://smf. emath.fr/Publications/Bulletin/Presentation.html) implique l’accord avec les conditions générales d’utilisation (http://www.numdam.org/legal.php). Toute utilisation commerciale ou impression systématique est constitutive d’une infraction pénale. Toute copie ou impression de ce fichier doit contenir la présente mention de copyright.
Northern and Southern Hemisphere Polar Cap Indices: To What Extent Do They Agree and to What Extent Should They Agree?

The IAGA‐endorsed Polar Cap Indices for the northern and southern hemispheres, PCN and PCS, are compared for 1998–2018, inclusive. Potential effects of the slightly different, and changing, magnetic coordinates of the two magnetic stations employed, Thule (Qaanaaq) in Greenland and Vostok in Antarctica, are investigated. It is shown that the agreement in overall behavior of the two indices is very close indeed but that PCS consistently correlates slightly better with solar wind parameters than PCN. Optimum lags for these correlations are 19 min for 1‐min data and 37 min for hourly averages. The correlations are significantly highest for the predicted magnetopause reconnection voltage, which is a linear predictor of PCN and PCS for all 1‐hr data and for all but the largest 0.1% of 1‐min values. The indices show lower correlation and marked non‐linearity (tending to saturation) at all levels with the estimated magnetopause reconnection electric field or the estimated power input into the magnetosphere. The PCN index is shown to correlate closely with the transpolar voltage measured by the northern‐hemisphere SuperDARN radar network and both PCN and PCS clearly show the Russell‐McPherron effect of dipole tilt and the Y‐component of the interplanetary magnetic field. However the patterns in time‐of‐year and Universal Time (UT) are complicated by lobe reconnection during northward‐IMF, the effect of which on the indices is shown to be predominantly a summer hemisphere phenomenon and gives a UT dependence on the IMF Y‐component that is predicted theoretically.
Two-dimensional electron gases in MgZnO/ZnO and ZnO/MgZnO/ZnO heterostructures grown by dual ion beam sputtering

This work reports on the formation of high-density (~1013–1014 cm−2) two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in ZnO-based heterostructures, grown by a dual ion beam sputtering system. We probe 2DEG in bilayer MgZnO/ZnO and capped ZnO/MgZnO/ZnO heterostructures utilizing MgZnO barrier layers with varying thickness and Mg content. The effect of the ZnO cap layer thickness on the ZnO/MgZnO/ZnO heterostructure is also studied. Hall measurements demonstrate that the addition of a 5 nm ZnO cap layer results in an enhancement of the 2DEG density by about 1.5 times compared to 1.11 × 1014 cm−2 for the uncapped bilayer heterostructure with the same 30 nm barrier thickness and 30 at. % Mg composition in the barrier layer. From the low-temperature Hall measurement, the sheet carrier concentration and mobility are both found to be independent of the temperature. The capacitance–voltage measurement suggests a carrier density of ~1020 cm−3, confined in 2DEG at the MgZnO/ZnO heterointerface. The results presented are significant for the optimization of 2DEG for the eventual realization of cost-effective and large-area MgZnO/ZnO-based high-electron-mobility transistors.
Transfer Learning-Based State of Charge and State of Health Estimation for Li-Ion Batteries: A Review

State of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) estimation play a vital role in battery management systems (BMSs). Accurate and robust state estimation can prevent Li-ion batteries (LIBs) from overcharging and undercharging. In recent years, many methods have been utilized for accurate state estimation. Among these methods, data-driven methods show overwhelming effectiveness. However, data-driven methods are also facing several severe challenges, such as data distribution discrepancy and data insufficiency. To tackle these problems, transfer learning (TL) has been leveraged in the community recently. TL-based methods are promising since they can be generalized to various working conditions and are able to alleviate the data distribution discrepancy issue. However, TL was studied in the machine learning community and it is not familiar to the power electronics researchers. In this article, we provide a brief review to mitigate the domain gap. Specifically, recent TL-based state estimation methods are reviewed and divided into three categories: fine-tuning methods, metric-based methods, and adversarial adaptation methods. The model structures, theories and key techniques of these methods are discussed in detail. Moreover, it is noticed that there are no uniform evaluation criteria in the previous literature. By analyzing the required properties of estimation models, new standards for performance evaluation criteria, test datasets, and experiment settings are discussed. Extensive experiments are performed according to the newly proposed standards. At last, we propose several possible directions for future works.
Direct numerical simulation of transitional flow in a finite length curved pipe

ABSTRACT Transition to turbulent flow in a curved pipe has been well studied through experiments and numerical simulations. Numerical simulations often use a helical pipe with an infinite length such that the inlet and outlet boundary conditions can be modelled as periodic which greatly reduces computational time. In this study, we examined a finite length curved pipe with Poiseuille flow imposed at the inlet and a stress-free boundary condition at the outlet. Direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations for rigid walls and a Newtonian fluid was performed using nek5000. Straight extensions were added to the inlet and outlet such to diminish the impact of boundary conditions on the flow field in the region with curvature. The examined model has a pipe radius of curvature that is three times the pipe radius. The model has ∼355 million nodes and required an order of magnitude greater computational time when compared with an infinite length curved pipe. Results show that the critical Reynolds number, the lowest value with instabilities present in the flow, is much greater than that of a straight pipe and occurs near Re=5000–5200. This is larger than the critical Reynolds number typically reported for an infinite length curved pipe (Re=4200–4300).
Velocity-Based Strength Training: The Validity and Personal Monitoring of Barbell Velocity with the Apple Watch

Velocity-based training (VBT) is a method to monitor resistance training based on measured kinematics. Often, measurement devices are too expensive for non-professional use. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy and precision of the Apple Watch 7 and the Enode Pro device for measuring mean, peak, and propulsive velocity during the free-weighted back squat (in comparison to Vicon as the criterion). Velocity parameters from Vicon optical motion capture and the Apple Watch were derived by processing the motion data in an automated Python workflow. For the mean velocity, the barbell-mounted Apple Watch (r = 0.971–0.979, SEE = 0.049), wrist-worn Apple Watch (r = 0.952–0.965, SEE = 0.064) and barbell-mounted Enode Pro (r = 0.959–0.971, SEE = 0.059) showed an equal level of validity. The barbell-mounted Apple Watch (Vpeak: r = 0.952–0.965, SEE = 0.092; Vprop: r = 0.973–0.981, SEE = 0.05) was found to be the most valid for assessing propulsive and peak lifting velocity. The present results on the validity of the Apple Watch are very promising, and may pave the way for the inclusion of VBT applications in mainstream consumer wearables.
Examining a Complex Model Linking Maternal Reflective Functioning, Maternal Meta-Emotion Philosophies, and Child Emotion Regulation

Parental Reflective Functioning (PRF) refers to parents’ ability to understand their children’s behavior in light of underlying mental states such as thoughts, desires, and intentions. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal meta-emotion philosophies (i.e., emotion coaching, emotion dismissing) mediated the relation between maternal RF and child emotion regulation (ER). Additionally, children’s genders and ages were examined as moderators of the associations between maternal RF and maternal meta-emotion philosophies. The sample comprises 667 Chinese mothers of children aged 4–6 years. Mothers completed questionnaires assessing their reflective functioning, emotion coaching and dismissing, and child emotion regulation. Results indicated both a direct link between maternal RF and child emotion regulation, as well as indirect pathways mediated by emotion coaching and dismissing. A child’s gender and age also moderated the relations between maternal RF and meta-emotion philosophies. Specifically, the negative association between maternal pre-mentalizing modes and emotion coaching was stronger for mothers of girls than boys; whereas the negative association between maternal certainty of mental states and emotion dismissing, as well as the positive association between maternal interest and curiosity and emotion coaching were both stronger for mothers of younger children than older children. The findings suggest that emotion coaching and dismissing mediate the relation between maternal PRF and the emotion regulation of children.
Enhanced Production of Nitrogenated Metabolites with Anticancer Potential in Aristolochia manshuriensis Hairy Root Cultures

Aristolochia manshuriensis is a relic liana, which is widely used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine and is endemic to the Manchurian floristic region. Since this plant is rare and slow-growing, alternative sources of its valuable compounds could be explored. Herein, we established hairy root cultures of A. manshuriensis transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes root oncogenic loci (rol)B and rolC genes. The accumulation of nitrogenous secondary metabolites significantly improved in transgenic cell cultures. Specifically, the production of magnoflorine reached up to 5.72 mg/g of dry weight, which is 5.8 times higher than the control calli and 1.7 times higher than in wild-growing liana. Simultaneously, the amounts of aristolochic acids I and II, responsible for the toxicity of Aristolochia species, decreased by more than 10 fold. Consequently, the hairy root extracts demonstrated pronounced cytotoxicity against human glioblastoma cells (U-87 MG), cervical cancer cells (HeLa CCL-2), and colon carcinoma (RKO) cells. However, they did not exhibit significant activity against triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). Our findings suggest that hairy root cultures of A. manshuriensis could be considered for the rational production of valuable A. manshuriensis compounds by the modification of secondary metabolism.
Internal audit function, political characteristics, and compliance with government accrual-based accounting standards in Indonesian local government

We investigate the effect of local government internal audit function and political characteristics on accounting compliance based on government accrual-based accounting standards in Indonesia while controlling for financial and local government characteristics. Our analysis is conducted for 2015-2018 with panel data regression, equipped with a robustness test using logistic regression. Our results show that internal audit function capability, maturity, expertise
ANALYSIS OF WALLS AND PILLARS OF THE HYPOSTYLE HALL AT THE QH31 TOMB (ASWAN, EGYPT) BASED ON 3D MODELS

Abstract. This study describes the methodology developed and the results obtained about the geometric behaviour of walls and pillars of one of the most prominent rock-cut funerary structures of the Middle Kingdom period located in the Necropolis of Qubbet el-Hawa. More specifically, we selected the hypostyle hall of the QH31 hypogeum, one of the greatest in the Necropolis, to apply this methodology. The main objective is related to obtaining geometrical aspects of walls and pillars in order to understand the constructive procedure carried out almost four millennia ago. The methodology was based on photogrammetric and TLS surveys that allowed us to obtain a complete combined 3D model of the structure, geometrically contrasted and with real texture. From this product we obtained a high density point cloud, where some planes were fitted considering the walls and pillars that defined the structure. These planes were characterized by their normal vectors, which were used to analyse several geometric aspects such as inclinations, parallelism and perpendicularity. As results, we have obtained important information about the level of accuracy of the constructive procedure carried out by the ancient Egyptians. In this sense, the values obtained allow us to suggest and confirm several hypotheses about the construction of this hypogeum. The proposed methodology has demonstrated its feasibility for determining these geometric aspects of funerary structures through the analysis of the fitted planes obtained from the 3D model.
A Novel Hybrid ICA-FA Algorithm for Multiperiod Uncertain Portfolio Optimization Model Based on Multiple Criteria

This paper deals with a multiperiod portfolio selection problem in an uncertain investment environment, in which the returns of securities are assumed to be uncertain variables and determined by experts’ subjective evaluation. Based on uncertain theory, we present a novel multiperiod multiobjective mean–variance–skewness model by considering multiple realistic investment constraints such as transaction cost, bounds on holdings, cardinality, etc. For the proposed solution, we first apply a weighted max–min fuzzy goal programming approach to convert the proposed multiobjective programming model into a single-objective one. After that, we design a novel hybrid of an imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and a firefly algorithm (FA), termed ICA–FA, to solve it. Finally, we provide a numerical example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and corresponding algorithm.
Accurate Multistep Multi-derivative Collocation Methods Applied to Chaotic Systems

Accurate multistep multi-derivative collocation methods are derived for the numerical integration of chaotic systems. These methods have high order of accuracy, with A-stable regions of absolute stability. Although the calculation of the third derivative terms in the methods is relatively high compared to the rst and second derivative terms, the advantage gained makes them suitable for solving chaotic system of equations with large eigenvalues. The stability characteristic properties and order of accuracy of the methods are studied. Figurative comparisons of the solution curves obtained are in good agreement with the exact solutions which demonstrate practically the eectiveness of the proposed methods.
THE ACCEPTANCE FACTORS FOR ISLAMIC BANKING FINTECH SEVICES: EXTENDED TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM) APPROACH

Era 4.0 requires Islamic banking to optimize its services through digital platforms to make it easier for customers to transact. Indonesia is a large market for Islamic banking products, so Islamic banking should provide the best possible digital services and people will be more interested in using Islamic bank products. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the factors that influence customers in using Islamic bank services online so that the quality of digital services can be improved. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the acceptance of Islamic bank customers for financial technology (Fintech) services in Indonesia by using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach. The TAM model states that system users tend to use the system if the system is easy to use and useful for its users. Extended TAM adds a consumer innovation variable, namely the degree to which an individual is relatively earlier in adopting an innovation than other members of the system. This research is a type of quantitative research using primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from a survey of Islamic bank customers using convenience sampling. Secondary data is obtained from related literature sourced from journals, articles, books, and official government or banking websites. The results show that the acceptance of Islamic banking fintech services in Indonesia is determined by the perceived ease of use and customer innovation (consumer innovativeness), while the perceived usefulness does not affect the acceptance of Islamic bank customers for the use of mobile banking. This research will be useful as a reference for policymakers, academics, and researchers in the future.
Differentiation between Weissella cibaria and Weissella confusa Using Machine-Learning-Combined MALDI-TOF MS

Although Weissella cibaria and W. confusa are essential food-fermenting bacteria, they are also opportunistic pathogens. Despite these species being commercially crucial, their taxonomy is still based on inaccurate identification methods. In this study, we present a novel approach for identifying two important Weissella species, W. cibaria and W. confusa, by combining matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) data using machine-learning techniques. After on- and off-plate protein extraction, we observed that the BioTyper database misidentified or could not differentiate Weissella species. Although Weissella species exhibited very similar protein profiles, these species can be differentiated on the basis of the results of a statistical analysis. To classify W. cibaria, W. confusa, and non-target Weissella species, machine learning was used for 167 spectra, which led to the listing of potential species-specific mass-to-charge (m/z) loci. Machine-learning techniques including artificial neural networks, principal component analysis combined with the K-nearest neighbor, support vector machine (SVM), and random forest were used. The model that applied the Radial Basis Function kernel algorithm in SVM achieved classification accuracy of 1.0 for training and test sets. The combination of MALDI-TOF MS and machine learning can efficiently classify closely-related species, enabling accurate microbial identification.
A study on stochastic longitudinal wave equation in a magneto-electro-elastic annular bar to find the analytical solutions

In this paper, we set up dynamic solitary perturb solutions of a unidirectional stochastic longitudinal wave equation in a magneto-electro-elastic annular bar by a feasible, useful, and influential method named the dual G′/G,1/G -expansion method. Computer software, like Mathematica, is used to complete this discussion. The obtained solutions of the proposed equation are classified into trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational types which play an important role in searching for numerous scientific events. The technique employed here is an extension of the ( G′/G )-expansion technique for finding all previously discovered solutions. To illustrate our findings more clearly, we provide 2D and 3D charts of the various recovery methods. We then contrasted our findings with those of past solutions. The graphical illustrations of the acquired solutions are singular periodic solitons and kink solitons which are added at the end of this paper.
A new aging concept derived from the increasing convex ordering

Abstract In this paper, a comparison between the life distribution of a new unit with that of a used unit in the increasing convex order is made leading to a new class of life distributions which we call “new better than used in convex ordering of second order”. This class includes as subclasses the NBU and the NBUC and is a subclass of the NBUCA class. Preservation properties under convolution, random maxima, mixing and formation of coherent structures are established. Stochastic comparisons of the excess lifetime when the inter-arrival times belong to the NBUC(2) class are developed. Some applications of Poisson shock models and a test of exponentiality against NBUC(2) alternative are presented.