Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment and monitoring of mental workload in subway train operations using physiological, subjective, and performance measures

Subway train operation is a complex, sociotechnical system that involves a variety of cognitively demanding tasks. The train operators are responsible for continuously monitoring the surrounding environment, maintaining awareness, processing information, and making decisions under risk. The resulting mental strain on operators can negatively affect their performance and the interaction of the human–machine system. The objective of this study was to evaluate if physiological, subjective, and performance measures could identify the level of mental workloads arising from routine and nonroutine operations in the subway system. A total of 11 subway train operators underwent different driving scenarios in a high‐fidelity simulator. The simulated tasks were divided into two categories: routine operations (preparing to drive and driving between stations without interruptions or emergencies) and nonroutine operation (responding to a tunnel fire, dealing with a high density of passengers, encountering a passenger/technician on the track, and responding to train failure). The mental workload was monitored and evaluated in these tasks using an electrocardiogram, subjective self‐rating scales, and driving performance. Both heart rate variability and performance measures (including reaction time and error rate) detected mental workload variations in the different operations. On the other hand, the subjective ratings (including NASA‐TLX) assessed the overall mental workload associated with a task, without explaining the mental demand variations within the task over time. Subway train drivers experienced different levels of mental workload during routine and nonroutine driving conditions. The findings of this study can be used to extract mental workload limits to optimize workload levels during train operations.
The Impact of Marginal Glosses and Network Tree Advance Organizers on EFL Learners’ Summary Writing Ability

In light of the difficulties inherent in EFL/ ESL summary writing teaching and learning, it is of paramount importance to probe into the instructional techniques to enhance summary writing ability. This study investigated the relative impact of two instructional techniques: Network Tree Advance Organizers (NTAOs) and Marginal Glosses (MGs) on EFL learners’ summary writing ability. First, the Oxford Quick Placement Test was administered to ensure the homogeneity of all of the participants. Sixty language learners were then randomly assigned to three groups: The two experimental groups and one control group. One of the experimental groups was exposed to the MG instructional technique; the other experimental group received the NTAOs; while the control group was provided with neither of them and merely followed the traditional procedures of a writing class. The student-generated summaries at the beginning and end of the instructional period were evaluated by two different raters based on the TOEFL iBT scoring criteria (Baba, 2009). To analyze the date, the researchers used one-way ANOVA and paired-samples t-tests. The results revealed that learners in the NTAO group outperformed their counterparts in the other two groups (i.e., the MG group, and control group). The study points to the relative effectiveness of the utilization of different instructional techniques to promote the learners’ summary writing ability. It is also argued that the visual sketch of the materials presented through the NATOs could pave the way for more elaborate and detailed information processing and prompt language learners to properly prioritize, organize, and classify information.
Unsupervised methods for large-scale, cell-resolution neural data analysis

In order to keep up with the volume of data, as well as the complexity of experiments and models in modern neuroscience, we need scalable and principled analytic programmes that take into account the scientific goals and the challenges of biological experiments. This work focuses on algorithms that tackle problems throughout the whole data analysis process. I first investigate how to best transform two-photon calcium imaging microscopy recordings – sets of contiguous images – into an easier-to-analyse matrix containing time courses of individual neurons. For this I first estimate how the true fluorescence signal gets transformed by tissue artefacts and the microscope setup, by learning the parameters of a realistic physical model from recorded data. Next, I describe how individual neural cell bodies may be segmented from the images, based on a cost function tailored to neural characteristics. Finally, I describe an interpretable non-linear dynamical model of neural population activity, which provides immediate scientific insight into complex system behaviour, and may spawn a new way of investigating stochastic non-linear dynamical systems. I hope the algorithms described here will not only be integrated into analytic pipelines of neural recordings, but also point out that algorithmic design should be informed by communication with the broader community, understanding and tackling the challenges inherent in experimental biological science.
Who Is in Charge Here? Evidence of the Division of Roles and Responsibilities Between Global and Local HR Managers in MNEs Operating in the CEE Region

Abstract This article focuses on the roles and responsibilities of HR units in multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the region of Central and Eastern Europe. The authors analyze 705 questionnaires originating from foreign owned subsidiaries operating in five countries (Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Slovakia). The results show that the culture of the MNEs home country, the age of the subsidiary, and the pattern of international staffing assignments influence the HR control relationship between the headquarters and the subsidiary. Also, the findings reveal a significant impact of subsidiary level factors such as the age of the subsidiary, business sector, size, mode of market entry, focus on executive human capital, and international assignments on the degree of HR practice autonomy at the subsidiary level.
Épidémiologie des cancers des voies aéro-digestives supérieures

* Service de biostatistique et d’épidémiologie, institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif. ** Département de cancérologie cervico-faciale, institut GustaveRoussy, Villejuif. *** Inserm, U687, Villejuif. Les carcinomes des voies aéro-digestives supérieures (VADS) étudiés ici incluent les carcinomes de la cavité buccale, du pharynx et du larynx. En France, il s’agit essentiellement de carcinomes épidermoïdes.
The Cross-Section of Volatility and Expected Returns: Then and Now

We successfully replicate the main results of Ang, Hodrick, Xing, and Zhang (2006): Aggregate-volatility risk and idiosyncratic volatility (IV) are each priced in the cross-section of stock returns from 1963 to 2000. We also examine the pricing of volatility outside the original time period and under more recent asset-pricing models. With the exception of NASDAQ stocks, aggregate-volatility risk continues to be priced in the years following the Ang et al. (2006) sample period, and none of the more recent asset-pricing models we consider consistently accounts for the pricing of aggregate-volatility risk. The difference in abnormal returns between stocks with high and low IV decreases but remains significant out-of-sample. More recent asset-pricing models do not resolve the IV anomaly for the Ang et al. (2006) sample, but the four-factor model of Stambaugh and Yuan (2017) and the six-factor model of Barillas and Shanken (2018) resolve the anomaly out-of-sample and over the extended period of 1967 to 2016. Finally, both models eliminate the arbitrage asymmetry that Stambaugh, Yu, and Yuan (2015) propose as an explanation of the IV anomaly.
Aversion to phenylthiocarbamide in mature Targhee and Rambouillet rams

© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com Transl. Anim. Sci. 2019.3:1749–1753 doi: 10.1093/tas/txz080
Contingency in Teacher-Child Emotional State Talk during Shared Book Reading in Early Childhood Classrooms

ABSTRACT Research Findings: The aim of this study was to investigate emotional state talk between teachers and their students in 81 early childhood classrooms during shared book reading. Teachers shared with their students an experimental emotion narrative book. Preliminary analysis of teachers’ and children’s transcribed utterances during reading addressed the frequencies of emotional terms, form (question vs. comment), and content (emotion identification, emotion causality, emotion inference, or non-emotional content). Sequential analysis evaluated contingent relations between the book text and teachers’ comments and questions about emotions as well as between teachers’ and children’s contingent responses to each other. Results showed emotional excerpts from the book were significantly associated with teachers’ questions and comments about emotion identification. Children were highly specific and responsive to teachers’ emotional state talk, and children’s comments about emotions evoked further considerations from teachers about the same topics. Practice or Policy: Our results highlight the importance of the presence of emotional terms in the book text to stimulate emotional state talk. Given the value of emotional state talk for children’s emotional development, teachers must be informed of preschoolers’ ability to consistently participate in classroom discussions about emotions, even when complex topics like causality and inferences are addressed.
Materializing data: craftsmanship and technology for ultra-personalization

In this case study three designers supported by multiple stakeholders created a pair of fully personalized printed high heel shoes in a period of two months for a single user. The shoes are made with soft and flexible materials for dynamic fit and use. The shoes are not only uniquely formed to the user’s feet but the geometry of the material is designed to support and flex with the movement of each foot. These shoes utilize a 4D printing approach in the way they are made to fit the user while they move and change. Designing a shoe to such a degree represents a form of Ultra Personalization. This case study of an ultra personalized approach addresses the negotiation of key design considerations: aesthetics, comfort, robustness, balance and temperature. The findings inform digital fabrication design, software, and tools for designers.
Mild Whole-Body Hyperthermia-Induced Interstitial Fluid Pressure Reduction and Enhanced Nanoparticle Delivery to PC3 Tumors: In Vivo Studies and Micro-Computed Tomography Analyses

In this study, we performed in vivo experiments on mice to evaluate whether whole-body hyperthermia enhances nanoparticle delivery to PC3 (prostatic cancer) tumors. PC3 xenograft tumors in immunodeficient mice were used in this study. The mice in the experimental group were subjected to whole-body hyperthermia by maintaining their body temperatures at 39–40 °C for 1 h. Interstitial fluid pressures (IFPs) in tumors were measured before heating, immediately after, and at 2 and 24 h postheating in both the experimental group and in a control group (without heating). A total of 0.2 ml of a newly developed nanofluid containing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was delivered via the tail vein in both groups. The micro-computed tomography (microCT) scanned images of the resected tumors were analyzed to visualize the nanoparticle distribution in the tumors and to quantify the total amount of nanoparticles delivered to the tumors. Statistically significant IFP reductions of 45% right after heating, 47% 2 h after heating, and 52% 24 h after heating were observed in the experimental group. Analyses of microCT scans of the resected tumors illustrated that nanoparticles were more concentrated near the tumor periphery rather than at the tumor center. The 1-h whole-body hyperthermia treatment resulted in more nanoparticles present in the tumor central region than that in the control group. The mass index calculated from the microCT scans suggested overall 42% more nanoparticle delivery in the experimental group than that in the control group. We conclude that 1-h mild whole-body hyperthermia leads to sustained reduction in tumoral IFPs and significantly increases the total amount of targeted gold nanoparticle deposition in PC3 tumors. The present study suggests that mild whole-body hyperthermia is a promising approach for enhancing targeted drug delivery to tumors.
ArA*summarizer: An Arabic text summarization system based on subtopic segmentation and using an A* algorithm for reduction

Automatic text summarization is a field situated at the intersection of natural language processing and information retrieval. Its main objective is to automatically produce a condensed representative form of documents. This paper presents ArA*summarizer, an automatic system for Arabic single document summarization. The system is based on an unsupervised hybrid approach that combines statistical, cluster‐based, and graph‐based techniques. The main idea is to divide text into subtopics then select the most relevant sentences in the most relevant subtopics. The selection process is done by an A* algorithm executed on a graph representing the different lexical–semantic relationships between sentences. Experimentation is conducted on Essex Arabic summaries corpus and using recall‐oriented understudy for gisting evaluation, automatic summarization engineering, merged model graphs, and n‐gram graph powered evaluation via regression evaluation metrics. The evaluation results showed the good performance of our system compared with existing works.
The Impact of Transformational Leadership Effects on Innovative Work Behavior by the Moderating Role of Psychological Empowerment

The study is an endeavor to analyze the relationship between transformational leadership (TFL) and innovative work behavior (IWB) of bank employees in commercial banks of Bangladesh. This paper examines whether psychological empowerment influences the above causal relationship. Data from 372 bank employees were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling and Partial Least Squares (SMART PLS). Our key findings suggest that there is a significant positive relationship between TFL and IWB. The results also indicate the employees who are highly psychologically empowered, like to work under TFL and this shows that when the level of psychological empowerment of employees is high, TFL impact IWB positively. From the leadership perspective, our findings suggest that the role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between TFL and IWB should not be underestimated by the leaders or the managers of the commercial banks.
Endothelial Function in Stroke Subtypes Using Endopat Technology

Background : Endothelial function is characterized by the vasodilator capacity of blood vessel smooth muscle cells mediated by nitric oxide. Some studies have shown an inverse association between the endothelial function and the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). The relationship between endothelial dysfunction and stroke based on several studies has shown that is altered in all stroke subtypes especially lacunar strokes. Methods : We aimed to investigate endothelial function by EndoPAT device in relation to stroke subtypes. We investigate too the correlations between endothelial function and IMT and we study possible interactions with age, sex, traditional risk factors and severity of stroke. Subsequent patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled. They were divided according with the etiological mechanism of stroke (TOAST classification). Endothelial function was assessed with finger plethysmography by the EndoPAT device that gave Reactive Hyperemia Index (RHI) and Augmentation Index (AI). Results : Patients with a cardioembolic stroke had a RHI higher than atherotrombotic or lacunar stroke. There was a negative correlation between RHI and IMT and positive between AI and age. Conclusions: The endothelial function is different between stroke subtypes with higher values of RHI in the cardioembolic respect to lacunar or atherotrombotic. The RHI is correlated with the atherosclerosis by the negative relationship with the IMT. The AI that shows the rigidity in the arteries increased with the age. DOI : 10.14302/issn.2470-5020.jnrt-14-558 Corresponding author : Pedro Enrique Jiménez Caballero. , Calle Dionisio Acedo no 9, Portal 7, 4-1a. , 10001. Cáceres. Spain. , Phone number: 0034 927256200; Fax number: 0034 927221487; Email: pjimenez1010j@yahoo.es Running title: Endothelial function and stroke.
Institutional Environment for Entrepreneurship, Strategic Flexibility, and Entrepreneurial Orientation

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is a key source of competitive advantage. Yet, firms vary strongly in approaching it, making what are the antecedents of EO a serious question. This article tests the individual and joint effects of institutional environment for entrepreneurship (IEE) and strategic flexibility on EO. It finds that the governmental dimension of IEE (Governmental IEE) has a nonsignificant relationship with EO, but the societal dimension of IEE (Societal IEE) and strategic flexibility both are positively related to EO. Moreover, Governmental IEE and strategic flexibility interactively have a positive effect on EO, whereas the joint effect of Societal IEE and strategic flexibility is negative. The findings enrich the knowledge on the antecedents of EO and aid in elaborating the implications of IEE and strategic flexibility.
Infant Feeding Practices among Rural Mothers of Tirupati.

Background: Under any circumstances, breast milk is the ideal food for the infant. No other food is required by the baby until 6 months after birth. Objectives: 1.To study infant feeding practices among rural mothers.2. To find out factors affecting infant feeding practices. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted at Rural health centre was conducted. All the rural mothers who are attending immunization clinic for their children in the month of May-June were included in the study, irrespective of any sample. Infant Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices questionnaire given by WHO was used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 16. Results: Only 32% mothers initiated breastfeeding with in half to one hour of delivery. 71% of infants were exclusively breast fed (up to 6 months of age). 34% mothers gave their infants pre-lacteal feeds and 39% mothers initiated complimentary feeding at 6 months of age. Bottle feeding was observed in 34% of all the children. Conclusion: Traditional beliefs influenced infant feeding practices especially in initiation of breast feeding, exclusive feeding and bottle feeding. Discarding colostrums, giving pre-lacteal feeds, not feeding exclusively and bottle feeding contributes to malnutrition and various types of infection. Awareness of the health benefits of colostrums should be increased by further breast feeding education and support.
Electron radiation–induced degradation of GaAs solar cells with different architectures

The effects of electron irradiation on the performance of GaAs solar cells with a range of architectures is studied. Solar cells with shallow and deep junction designs processed on the native wafer as well as into a thin‐film were irradiated by 1‐MeV electrons with fluence up to 1×1015 e−/cm2. The degradation of the cell performance due to irradiation was studied experimentally and theoretically using model simulations, and a coherent set of minority carriers' lifetime damage constants was derived. The solar cell performance degradation primarily depends on the junction depth and the thickness of the active layers, whereas the material damage shows to be insensitive to the cell architecture and fabrication steps. The modeling study has pointed out that besides the reduction of carriers lifetime, the electron irradiation strongly affects the quality of hetero‐interfaces, an effect scarcely addressed in the literature. It is demonstrated that linear increase with the electron fluence of the surface recombination velocity at the front and rear hetero‐interfaces of the solar cell accurately describes the degradation of the spectral response and of the dark current characteristic upon irradiation. A shallow junction solar cell processed into a thin‐film device has the lowest sensitivity to electron radiation, showing an efficiency at the end of life equivalent to 82% of the beginning‐of‐life efficiency.
Monetary valuation of urban nature’s health effects: a systematic review

Allocation of public budgets requires deliberate analyses of the costs and benefits of alternative budget usages, which must be made using the same metric. The use of monetary term is the standard metric in government budgeting and is ideal for cost-benefit analysis. This paper systematically searched and reviewed literature on monetary valuation of urban nature’s health effects. Although extensive research has demonstrated urban nature’s positive health effects for humans, the review only found ten items in the literature, including four peer-reviewed journal articles, one book chapter, and five reports. Large monetary values were found. These estimates are useful as an argument for urban planners promoting investment in urban green infrastructure. The small number of studies calls for more research. Specifically, more research is required to investigate the monetary values of urban nature’s other health effects, including the impact on depression and obesity. Case studies covering larger geographical areas are needed to account for heterogeneities across countries.