Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Interrelated Multifactorial Actions of Cortisol and Klotho: Potential Implications in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease

The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is complex, multilayered, and not fully understood, resulting in a lack of effective disease-modifying treatments for this prevalent neurodegenerative condition. Symptoms of PD are heterogenous, including motor impairment as well as non-motor symptoms such as depression, cognitive impairment, and circadian disruption. Aging and stress are important risk factors for PD, leading us to explore pathways that may either accelerate or protect against cellular aging and the detrimental effects of stress. Cortisol is a much-studied hormone that can disrupt mitochondrial function and increase oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are recognized as key underlying disease mechanisms in PD. The more recently discovered klotho protein, considered a general aging-suppressor, has a similarly wide range of actions but in the opposite direction to cortisol: promoting mitochondrial function while reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Both hormones also converge on pathways of vitamin D metabolism and insulin resistance, also implicated to play a role in PD. Interestingly, aging, stress and PD associate with an increase in cortisol and decrease in klotho, while physical exercise and certain genetic variations lead to a decrease in cortisol response and increased klotho. Here, we review the interrelated opposite actions of cortisol and klotho in the pathogenesis of PD. Together they impact powerful and divergent mechanisms that may go on to influence PD-related symptoms. Better understanding of these hormones in PD would facilitate the design of effective interventions that can simultaneously impact the multiple systems involved in the pathogenesis of PD.
Clinicopathological Features of Intrathoracic Liposarcoma—A Systematic Review with an Illustrative Case

Background: Liposarcoma (LPS) is one of the most common soft-tissue sarcomas. However, intrathoracic LPS is rare, as only 1% of all LPS cases are found in the thorax. Methods: A systematic literature review through PubMed and Embase databases was performed. Only eligible case reports and case series reporting intrathoracic LPS in adult patients were included. Kaplan–Meier curves were calculated to evaluate the survival rate of included patients based on the histological subtype of LPS. Results: 123 studies reporting 197 patients were included. We added a case of a 69-year-old female patient with recurrent giant intrathoracic LPS. The primary tumor measured 15.1cm × 22.9 cm × 21.9 cm and weighed 3100 g. Six months later, the patient was admitted to the hospital with another intrathoracic tumor measuring 9.5 cm × 9 cm× 1.4 cm. The immunohistochemical studies showed expression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) antigen in both primary and recurrent tumor cells. Conclusions: Dyspnea, chest pain, and cough were the most common symptoms reported in included studies. Overall, the 5-year survival rate was 62%. The highest survival was observed in well-differentiated LPS patients (80%) and the lowest in myxoid LPS (31%).
Dietary Fat Intake among Chinese Adults and Their Relationships with Blood Lipids: Findings from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance and Comparison with the PURE Study

Dietary fat intake in the Chinese population has increased. The PURE (prospective urban rural epidemiology) study concluded the potential advantage of total fat and saturated fats (SFA) over carbohydrates on blood lipids with the inaccurate assessment of dietary fats. We investigated the dietary fat profile among 48,315 participants (aged 30–70 years, national representative) from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015–2017), determined the relationship of various fats with blood lipid biomarkers in the selected 39,115 participants, and compared the results with the PURE study. Dietary fat intake was calculated by using 3 days of 24 h recalls and food inventory. Serum lipid biomarkers were assessed at morning fasting state by health professionals. Plant fats (21.5% of total energy (TE)) dominated in total fat intake (69.5 g/day, 35.6% TE), with monounsaturated fats (MUFA) in the largest (13.8% TE) portion and plant oils as the major source (43.7%). Two thirds of the population consumed more than 30% TE from dietary fats and nearly half more than 35%, while 26.4% of them exceeded 10% TE from SFA. Total fat was positively associated with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), but also high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and negatively with triglyceride (TG)-to-HDL-c ratio (TGHDL) (all p-trend < 0.05). Replacing total fat with carbohydrate yielded adverse changes in most biomarkers (higher LDL-c, TG, and TGHDL, lower HDL-c, all p < 0.05) when total fat was low (<34.9% TE). Regardless of fat intake level, replacing plant fat or polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) with carbohydrate yielded the most adverse changes (higher TC, LDL-c, TG, TC-to-HDL-c ratio (TCHDL), and TGHDL, but lower HDL-c, all p < 0.01), while replacing animal fat/SFA with plant fat/PUFA yielded the most favorable changes (lower all biomarkers, all p < 0.01). The results suggested a less harmful effect of carbohydrate on blood lipids when total fat was high, and more beneficial effect of unsaturated fats, than the PURE. In conclusion, dietary fat intake in Chinese adults had reached quite a high level, but with a different profile from Western populations. Replacement of SFA (animal fat) with PUFA (plant fat) could most effectively improve blood lipids, while replacement with carbohydrate could slightly benefit only when total fat was high. The present results may be more applicable to the Chinese population than the PURE study.
Autoeconder-Based Excessive Information Generation for Improving and Interpreting Multi-layered Neural Networks

The present paper aims to propose a new type of learning method to increase information content in input patterns with multiple steps to be used in supervised learning. Unsupervised pre-training to train multi-layered neural networks turned out to be not so effective as has been expected, because connection weights obtained by the unsupervised learning tend to lose their original characteristics immediately in supervised training. To keep original information by unsupervised learning, we here try to increase information in input patterns as much as possible to overcome the vanishing information problem. In particular, for acquiring detailed information more appropriately, we gradually increases detailed information through multiple steps. We applied the method to the actual real data set of the eye-tracking, and two step information augmentation approach was taken. The results confirmed that generalization performance could be improved. In addition, we could interpret the importance of input variables more easily by treating all connection weights collectively.
Detection of carbon monoxide in Jupiter

New, ground-based, 5-$mu$ spectra of Jupiter have revealed the presence of a trace quantity of carbon monoxide in the lower atmosphere of the planet. A preliminary analysis suggests a number mixing ratio in the neighborhood of 10$sup -9$ and a column abundance of roughly 5 x 10$sup 17$ molecules cm$sup -2$ to a depth of at least 2 atmospheres. It is suggested that the observation might be confirmed by microwave techniques. (AIP)
IoT Based Innovative Smart Monitoring of Aquaponics System Using Atmega 328P and ESP 8266

The combination of hydroponics and aquaculture is known as aquaponics. Because food was a basic necessity, ancient humans relied on farming and animal husbandry to meet their requirements. Because fish is a high-nutrient food, fishery or fish farming is among the human activities. As the world's population grows, so does the need for food, and water becomes scarce. The best method to meet their demands is to use Aquaponics, which involves growing green vegetables and fish in a system that reuses water for mutual benefit. Plants obtain practically all of the nutrients they need from fish excrement when fish are given crude proteins. With today's advanced technology, this method may boost yield while using less human power. For individuals who cannot afford land, aquaponics gives an alternative form of farming. In this study, we present a self-sustaining aquaponic system that leverages IoT to autonomously monitor the parameters. When compared to traditional plant-growing procedures, the outcomes obtained are superior.
Long-Term Projections of Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Japan and Decomposition Analysis of Changes in Cancer Burden, 2020–2054: An Empirical Validation Approach

Simple Summary This is the first comprehensive picture of cancer incidence and mortality projections in Japan, using the most up-to-date and nationally representative data to the best of our knowledge. We applied empirically validated statistical models to project cancer incidence and mortality from 2020 to 2054 for all 22 cancer sites and in both genders. Additionally, we provided the decomposition analysis of changes in cancer cases and deaths over 2020–2054 attributable to population aging, population decline, and changes in the population’s risk of being diagnosed with or dying from cancer. We projected an increase in new cancer cases but a decrease in cancer deaths in both genders. Prostate and female breast cancers would be the leading cancer burdens among the Japanese population in 2050–2054, together with colorectal and lung cancers. Our findings warrant greater efforts in cancer control programs, specifically in enhancing cancer screening and controlling cancer risk factors in Japan. Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to project new cancer cases/deaths forward to 2054, and decompose changes in cancer cases/deaths to assess the impact of demographic transitions on cancer burden. Methods: We collected data on cancer cases/deaths up to 2019, empirically validated the projection performance of multiple statistical models, and selected optimal models by applying time series cross-validation. Results: We showed an increasing number of new cancer cases but decreasing number of cancer deaths in both genders, with a large burden attributed to population aging. We observed the increasing incidence rates in most cancer sites but reducing rates in some infection-associated cancers, including stomach and liver cancers. Colorectal and lung cancers were projected to remain as leading cancer burdens of both incidence and mortality in Japan over 2020–2054, while prostate and female breast cancers would be the leading incidence burdens among men and women, respectively. Conclusions: Findings from decomposition analysis require more supportive interventions for reducing mortality and improving the quality of life of Japanese elders. We emphasize the important role of governments and policymakers in reforming policies for controlling cancer risk factors, including oncogenic infections. The rapid increase and continued presence of those cancer burdens associated with modifiable risk factors warrant greater efforts in cancer control programs, specifically in enhancing cancer screening and controlling cancer risk factors in Japan.
Effect of psychosocial safety climate and organizational justice on affective commitment: A study in the Algarve hotel sector during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Through the lens of the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, this study aimed to analyze how psychosocial safety climate and organizational justice were related to: (a) work engagement through positive psychological capital (PsyCap); and (b) affective commitment through work engagement, in a sample of 217 hospitality workers of the Algarve (Portugal). Using structural equation modeling (SEM), it was observed that PsyCap partially mediated the relationship between organizational justice and work engagement, and that work engagement partially mediated the association between psychosocial safety climate and organizational justice, and affective commitment. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Four-Directional Ambisonic Spatial Decomposition Method With Reduced Temporal Artifacts

For the creation of convincing virtual acoustics of existing rooms and spaces, it is useful to apply measured Ambisonic room impulse responses (ARIRs) as a convolution reverb. Typically, tetrahedral arrays offering only first-order resolution are the preferred practical choice for measurements, because they are easily available and processed. In contrast, higher order is preferred in playback because it is superior in terms of localization accuracy and spatial clarity. There are a number of algorithms that enhance the spatial resolution of first-order ARIRs. However, these algorithms may introduce coloration and artifacts. This paper presents an improvement of the Ambisonic Spatial Decomposition Method by using four directions simultaneously. The additional signals increase the echo density and thereby better preserve the diffuse sound field components during the process of enhancing measured first-order ARIRs to higher orders. An instrumental validation and a series of listening experiments compare the proposed Four-Directional Ambisonic Spatial Decomposition Method to other existing algorithms and prove its similarity to the best algorithm in terms of enhanced spatial clarity and coloration while producing the least artifacts.
An Efficient AP-ANN-Based Multimethod Fusion Model to Detect Stress through EEG Signal Analysis

Stress is a universal emotion that every human experiences daily. Psychologists say stress may lead to heart attack, depression, hypertension, strokes, or even sudden death. Many technical explorations like stress detection through facial expression, speech, text, physical behaviors, etc., were explored, but no consensus has been reached on the best method. The advancement in biomedical engineering yielded a rapid development of electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis that has inspired the idea of a multimethod fusion approach for the first time which employs multiple techniques such as discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for de-noising, adaptive synthetic sampling (ADASYN) for class balancing, and affinity propagation (AP) as a stratified sampling model along with the artificial neural network (ANN) as the classifier model for human emotion classification. From the EEG recordings of the DEAP dataset, the artifacts are removed, the signal is decomposed using a DWT, and features are extracted and fused to form the feature vector. As the dataset is high-dimensional, feature selection is done and ADASYN is used to address the imbalance of classes resulting in large-scale data. The innovative idea of the proposed system is to perform sampling using affinity propagation as a stratified sampling-based clustering algorithm as it determines the number of representative samples automatically which makes it superior to the K-Means, K-Medoid, that requires the K-value. Those samples are used as inputs to various classification models, the comparison of the AP-ANN, AP-SVM, and AP-RF is done, and their most important five performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and specificity were compared. From our experiment, the AP-ANN model provides better accuracy of 86.8% and greater precision of 85.7%, a higher F1 score of 84.9%, a recall rate of 84.1%, and a specificity value of 89.2% which altogether provides better results than the other existing algorithms.
Translational regulation by Hfq–Crc assemblies emerges from polymorphic ribonucleoprotein folding

The widely occurring bacterial RNA chaperone Hfq is a key factor in the post‐transcriptional control of hundreds of genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. How this broadly acting protein can contribute to the regulatory requirements of many different genes remains puzzling. Here, we describe cryo‐EM structures of higher order assemblies formed by Hfq and its partner protein Crc on control regions of different P. aeruginosa target mRNAs. Our results show that these assemblies have mRNA‐specific quaternary architectures resulting from the combination of multivalent protein–protein interfaces and recognition of patterns in the RNA sequence. The structural polymorphism of these ribonucleoprotein assemblies enables selective translational repression of many different target mRNAs. This system elucidates how highly complex regulatory pathways can evolve with a minimal economy of proteinogenic components in combination with RNA sequence and fold.
Multiple sclerosis iron rim lesions are linked to impaired cervical spinal cord integrity using the T1/T2‐weighted ratio

In multiple sclerosis (MS), iron rim lesions (IRLs) are characterized by pronounced tissue matrix damage. The T1/T2‐weighted (T1/T2w) ratio represents a postprocessing MRI approach to investigate tissue integrity, but studies investigating spinal cord pathology are missing until now. The aim of this study was to characterize tissue integrity using the T1/T2w ratio in lesions and the normal‐appearing white and gray matter (NAWM, NAGM) in the spinal cord and brain in MS patients with and without brain IRLs.
Circulating miRNAs in the first trimester and pregnancy complications: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Most pregnancy complications originate with early placentation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may play an important role in placentation and function as biomarkers of future pregnancy complications. We summarized from the literature all first trimester circulating miRNAs associated with pregnancy complications of placental origin and further identified the miRNAs which have the most evidence as potential early biomarkers for pregnancy complications. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA reporting guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42020183421). We identified all first trimester serum or plasma miRNAs associated with a pregnancy complication of placental origin (preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), gestational hypertension, preterm delivery) and the number of times those miRNAs were identified, as a measure of replication. Twenty-one studies examined 118 unique miRNAs, and 87 were associated with at least one pregnancy complication; preeclampsia was the most common. Seven miRNAs were significantly associated with a pregnancy complication in at least two studies: miR-125b, miR-518b, miR-628-3p, miR-365a-3p, miR-520h, miR-374a-5p, miR-191-5p. Few miRNAs were associated with more than one pregnancy complication: miR-518b and miR-520h with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension, miR-374a-5p and miR-191-5p with preterm birth and preeclampsia. Our systematic review suggests seven miRNAs as potential biomarkers of pregnancy complications. These complications are thought to originate with early placental defects and these miRNAs may also be biomarkers of placental pathology. First-trimester biomarkers of pregnancy complications can facilitate early detection and interventions.
Pioglitazone Has a Null Association with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Pioglitazone shows potential benefits in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in preclinical studies, but its effect in humans has not been researched. We used a nationwide database of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance to investigate whether pioglitazone might affect IBD risk. We enrolled 12,763 ever users and 12,763 never users matched on a propensity score from patients who had a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus between 1999 and 2008. The patients were alive on 1 January 2009, and they were followed up for a new diagnosis of IBD until 31 December 2011. Propensity score-weighted hazard ratios were estimated, and the interactions between pioglitazone and major risk factors of IBD (i.e., psoriasis, arthropathies, dorsopathies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/tobacco abuse, and any of the above) and metformin were investigated. At the end of the follow-up, 113 ever users and 139 never users were diagnosed with IBD. When compared to never users, the hazard ratio for ever users was 0.809 (95% confidence interval: 0.631–1.037); and none of the hazard ratios for ever users categorized by tertiles of cumulative duration and cumulative dose reached statistical significance. No interactions with major risk factors or metformin were observed. Our findings suggested a null effect of pioglitazone on IBD.
INVESTIGATION OF BOTANICAL COMPOSITION, FEED VALUE, ORGANIC MATTER DIGESTIBILITY AND NET ENERGY LACTATION OF GRASS SILAGE AT EARLY MATURITY STAGE BY IN VIVO AND IN VITRO METHODS

This study was carried out to determine botanical composition, nutritive value, organic matter digestibility (OMD) and net energy lactation (NEL) of grass ensiled at early (early maturity, first cut) stage of maturity. In vivo and in vitro (gas test) methods were both used. The feed material of the study was taken from the producers in three different regions of (Arisu, Edremit, Kurubas) Van province at the first cutting period (1 June). Approximately 1000 kg of grass was cut from each pasture with a mower. It was kept in plastic bins, closed tightly and turned upside down until the day the silos were opened. In addition, 0.25-m 2 areas were cut, divided into species when wet, and the rate of participation of species in yield was calculated. Chemical analyses and in vivo and in vitro (gas test) experiments were conducted on the silage which was opended on the 60 th day after it had been ensiled. According to the analysis; silages obtained from Edremit, Kurubas and Arisu pastures contained 27.38%, 22.30%, 24.78%, of dry matter 9.51%, 14.76%, 14.27% of crude protein, respectively; in vivo OMD was found 70.70%, 79,17%, 55.85%, and in vitro OMD 48 h was found 66.79%, 61.65%, 61.15%, respectively. At the same time, the correlation between in vivo OMD and in vitro OMD 48 hour was found R 2 0.99. It has been determined that Gramineae family is the dominant plant population in the pastures of Van province. In conclusion, it has been evaluated that grass ensiled at early maturity (first cut) stage increased organic matter digestibility of silages.
Low-voltage organic electroluminescent devices using pin structures

We have realized a small-molecule organic light-emitting diode where the intrinsic emitter layer is sandwiched by n- and p-doped transport layers with appropriate blocking layers. The diodes based on this pin concept have exponential forward characteristics up to comparatively high current densities. The diodes reach high brightness at very low operating voltage: for instance, 1000 cd/m2 at a voltage of 2.9 V. Despite the highly doped transport layers, the devices reach very high efficiency for the given emitter system up to high brightness.