Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Separation Process by Porous Membranes: A Numerical Investigation

A major problem associated with the membrane separation processes is the permeate flux drop, limiting the widespread of industrial application of this process. This occurs due to the accumulation of solute concentration near the membrane surface. An exact quantification of the concentration polarization as a function of process conditions is essential to estimate the system performance satisfactorily. In this sense, this work aims to predict the behavior of the concentration polarization boundary layer along the length of a permeable tubular membrane, over various operation conditions. The numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equation, coupled to Darcy's and mass transfer equations, is obtained by the commercial software ANSYS CFX 12, considering a two-dimensional computational domain. The study evaluates the effects of axial Reynolds and Schmidt numbers on the concentration polarization boundary layer thickness during the cross-flow filtration process. Numerical results have shown that the mathematical model is able to predict the formation and growth of the concentration polarization boundary layer along the length of the tubular membrane.
Control of spacecraft and aircraft

List of FiguresList of TablesPreface and AcknowledgmentsCh. 1Natural Motions of Rigid Spacecraft1Ch. 2Spacecraft Sensors and Attitude Determination16Ch. 3Attitude Control with Thrusters28Ch. 4Attitude Control with Reaction Wheels37Ch. 5Attitude Stabilization with Spin50Ch. 6Attitude Control with a Gimbaled Momentum Wheel74Ch. 7Attitude Control during Thrust Maneuvers93Ch. 8Control of Translational Motions102Ch. 9Flexibility and Fuel Slosh114Ch. 10Natural Motions of Rigid Aircraft142Ch. 11Aircraft Sensors164Ch. 12Control of Longitudinal Motions of Aircraft179Ch. 13Control of Lateral Motions of Aircraft232Ch. 14Control of Helicopters near Hover271Ch. 15Aeroelastic Systems284Appendix A - Linear System Representations301Appendix B - Steady-State Control311Appendix C - Synthesis of Analog Control Logic317Appendix D - Synthesis of Digital Control Logic328Appendix E - Simulation343Appendix F - Modeling Flexible Systems350References369Index377
The Missing Link: Station Level Property Rooms in the Chain of Custody

Law enforcement agencies often cover wide geographical areas and rely on the use of temporary storage of evidence at stations or other remote facilities. These station-level property rooms are an early link in the chain of custody for any seized evidence or property. This study examined the processes, policies, procedures, and performance associated with the storage and transportation of such property and evidence. Interviews and a survey questionnaire instrument were used to define the actual process and gauge comprehension and adherence to existing policies, and capture qualitative feedback. In addition, inventory and chain of custody logs were thoroughly examined and verified by audits. This study serves to identify gaps in the chain of custody at the district station level of a large suburban law enforcement agency in the South East United States.
Proteomic analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm treated with Chromolaena odorata extracts

Aim: Biofilm is the major causative factor of infectious diseases. Difficulty in combating biofilm-related diseases is typically due to persisters, heterogeneous microbial population and viscoelastic extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix. Antibiofilm activities of Chromolaena odorata extracts have previously been demonstrated, however, the effects of its treatment on the biofilm proteome expression remains not well understood. Thus, this study was carried out to profile changes in biofilm proteome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa following treatment with chloroform and ethanol extracts of C. odorata . Methodology and results: Biofilm was developed in 6-well microplate in the presence or absence of C. odorata extracts overnight at 37 °C. Whole-cell proteome analysis was carried out by combining two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Treatment with C. odorata extracts triggered changes in two-dimensional proteome profiles of P. aeruginosa biofilm under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The differentially expressed proteins were successfully identified and were assigned to various functional categories including protein metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, peptidoglycan metabolism, electron transport and iron transport. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The present study demonstrates differential proteome expression in P. aeruginosa biofilm following treatment with C. odorata extracts. This suggests that C. odorata extracts may target multiple biological processes to control P. aeruginosa biofilm. C. odorata extracts may be useful for development of novel antibiofilm agents.
Theoretical study of the interferometric bragg-cell spectrum analyser

The paper reports on a theoretical study of the two-Bragg-cell interferometric spectrum analyser system. This architecture offers an improvement in radio frequency (RF) dynamic range compared to that of the conventional power spectrum analyser. Bulkwave shear mode lithium niobate Bragg cells are assumed for the study together with shot noise limited detection by avalanche photodiodes. A theoretical model is presented which enables the temporal history of the intermediate frequency (IF) output on each channel of the detector array to be predicted. A time-domain model is employed in which the instantaneous Fourier transforms of the (Gaussian weighted) signal and reference waveforms are evaluated at intervals much less than the IF period. These are then coherently combined to simulate the heterodyne detection. A computer program based on this theory provides a realistic simulation of pulse responses, ringing and delay effects in the IF filter, image and sidelobe levels, and IF breakthrough due to the reference waveform. Results are presented for chirp, pseudonoise and Gaussian noise reference waveforms. It is concluded that for the detection of RF pulses with durations as short as 100 ns, an instantaneous dynamic range of 50? 55 dB relative to rms noise should be achievable, for simultaneous signals.
Properties of Crystalline Silicon

Silicon, as used in silicon chips, is the material on which the information society depends for its computer power. In this reference work aimed at academics, process developers and device simulation engineers working in silicon microelectronics, Professor Hull has brought together 100 authors from the USA, Japan and Europe to review its properties. The text is divided into over 124 indexed modules ("Datareviews") and also offers guidance on over 3000 key references.
Electromechanical impedance of piezoelectric transducers for monitoring metallic and non-metallic structures: A review of wired, wireless and energy-harvesting methods

Electromechanical impedance–based structural health monitoring method had attracted several researchers in the recent past for aerospace, civil, mechanical, timber and biological structures. Smart materials such as piezoelectric (lead zirconate titanate) and macro fibre composite transducers are either surface bonded or embedded inside the host structure to be monitored. These smart materials with an applied input sinusoidal voltage interact with the structure, to sense, measure, process and detect any change in the selected variables (stress, damage) at critical locations. These can be categorized as wire-based ‘advanced non-destructive testing’, wireless-based ‘battery-powered lead zirconate titanate/macro fibre composite’ and energy harvesting–based ‘self-powered lead zirconate titanate/macro fibre composite’ methods. Most importantly, the effectiveness of these electromechanical impedance–methods can be classified into active and passive based on the properties of the material, the component and the structure to be monitored. Furthermore, they also depend on variables to be monitored and interaction mechanism due to surface bonding or embedment. This article presents some of the important developments in monitoring and the path forward in wired, wireless and energy harvesting methods related to electromechanical impedance–based structural health monitoring for metals and non-metals.
Knowledge of improved cultivation practices of gram among the farmers of Kheda district of Gujarat

Gram is a versatile crop that is grown in almost every part of the globe today. It is the most largely produced pulse crop in India accounting to a share of 40 per cent of the total pulse crops produced that makes it the leading gram producing country in the world. In fact about 70 per cent of the total world production of gram is dominated by India. The present study was confined to the gram growers of Matar taluka of Kheda district. Majority of the respondents belonged to middle age group were educated up to primary standard, had small and nuclear families with family of up to 5 members (57%). Majority of them had semi-pucca houses, had membership of at least one social organization with agriculture and animal husbandry combined as profession. Among the respondents 78 per cent had up to two animals and most of them were marginal farmers having less than 1 hectare land. Most of them possessed medium level of knowledge (72%) about the improved cultivation practices of gram. Majority of the respondents had knowledge about the harmful insects (91%) followed by disease infestation, hand weeding and number of hand weedings to be done, suitable soil type, application of farm yard manure, spacing between rows and plants and land preparation. They had minimum knowledge about the improved cultivation practices like chemical weed and disease control methods, seed treatment, application of nitrogenous fertilizers and latest recommended varieties.
Multiple routeings and capacity considerations in group technology applications

SUMMARY This paper addresses the problem of manufacturing cell formation, given multiple part routeings, and multiple functionally similar workcentres. Cellular manufacturing is intended to facilitate production, and thus should be based on projected production requirements. The originality of the approach lies in considering both the manufacturing system as well as projected production, and distributing the demand among alternate routeings in order to obtain a better manufacturing cell design. The suggested choice of part routeings favours the decomposition of the manufacturing system into manufacturing cells in a way that minimizes part traffic, along with satisfying the part demand and workcentre capacity constraints. We show that the problem can be formulated as a linear programming type problem which simultaneously addresses two problems: (i) routeing selection, and (ii) cell formation. The common objective is to minimize the inter-cell traffic in the system. The proposed algorithm iteratively solves.
Conjugative transfer and instability of beta-toxin plasmids of C. perfringens type C

Clostridium perfringens is commonly isolated from both humans and animals and is responsible for a complex spectrum of diseases due to its ability to produce combinations of >20 different toxins. C. perfringens has a unique family of conjugative plasmids that encode toxin and antibiotic resistance genes. In this thesis the movement of a beta toxin plasmid from a human disease isolate has been demonstrated for the first time. In addition, the instability of toxin plasmids was observed and characterised in this thesis. For the first time, this study provides experimental evidence of plasmid instability in isolates of C. perfringens.
CHARACTERIZATION OF CONDITIONED PULVERIZED FUEL ASH FOR USE AS A CEMENT COMPONENT IN CONCRETE

This paper considers the influence of moisture addition (conditioning) to PFA of up to 40% by mass on its physical and chemical properties and performance as a cement component in concrete. The work examined conditioned PFA, covering a range of fineness levels and lime contents, stored for up to 18 months, either in the laboratory or in stockpiles established at four UK power stations. Data for laboratory-conditioned PFA indicated progressive particle agglomeration (mainly in the finer fractions) with storage period, which was greatest at moisture levels of 10–20% and for material with total and free lime contents in excess of 3·0% and 0·1%, respectively. Corresponding increases in water demand and reductions in strength factor were also noted with conditioned material. Other changes, including increased LOI, reduced free lime content and formation of hydration products such as bassanite and gypsum, indicated that the effects were due to chemical activity. However, no significant changes to bulk oxide, mo.
A Qualitative Evaluation of the Usability of a Hospital-Wide Electronic Medication Management System in the Oncology setting using the Unified Theory and Use of Technology Framework

Background: In light of the complexity of the medication process and the difficultly of examining it in isolation from other interrelated processes and contextual factors, this qualitative research aims to fill the gap in the literature by cohesively determining the usability of a hospital-wide Electronic Medication Management System in a specialised oncology unit by bringing in the perspective of three key user groups. Furthermore, it demonstrates how the UTAUT can be used to guide qualitative evaluation studies in evaluating the usability of an integrated EMMS. Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in a 12-bed hospital outpatient Oncology unit in a major teaching hospital. In-depth semi-structured interviews were performed with the doctors, nurses and pharmacists to identify user’s requirements. Data were analysed by using the UTAUT framework for analysis. Results: The UTAUT framework facilitated the evaluation of interrelated aspects and provided a structured summary of user experience usability factors. The direct cross comparison between user groups illustrated that doctors and pharmacists were generally satisfied with the facilitating conditions (hardware and training), but had varying perceptions of performance (automation, standardised protocols and communication and documented) and effort (mental and temporal demand). On the other hand, nurses were generally satisfied across all constructs. It also illustrated the key role that ‘previous system experience’ plays in developing user’s system frustrations and acted as a moderator for these constructs. Conclusion: Considering the complexity of the medication process and the difficultly of examining it in isolation from other interrelated processes and contextual factors, this study cohesively demonstrated the need to explore perceptions of usability across user groups. It illustrated that doctors and pharmacists were satisfied with the EMMS if it provided desirable utility to their practice, and nurses when the EMMS was easy to use in the nursing processes using the UTAUT framework. As multidisciplinary teams are involved in cancer care, all potential users and their requirements should be considered.
Weapons, drugs and crime: the Australian experience

In recent years, legislative reforms have been introduced that seek to restrict the number of weapons in the community. These reforms have centred on knives carried in public places and on firearm ownership and possession. The focus on knives is of particular importance, as according to statistics for both homicides and armed robberies they are commonly the weapon of choice. Using data collected as part of the Drug Use Monitoring in Australia (DUMA) program, Jenny Mouzos explores the link between weapons, drugs and crime, with a specific focus on weapon ownership and possession.
Imperfect Repair Strategies for Two-Dimensional Warranty

When a repairable product under warranty fails, the manufacturer (warrantor) has the choice to either repair or replace the failed product. When repairing a failed product, the degree of repair which affects the working condition of the product can vary, and this is assumed to have an impact on the cost of the repair. The main motivation of this study is to develop a warranty repair strategy that minimizes the costs associated with servicing the warranty. In this research, the product coverage is represented by a two-dimensional rectangular region with a free-replacement warranty. We propose an imperfect repair strategy that suggests employing imperfect repairs of a predefined degree, in prespecified subregions of the warranty region. The aim is to then minimize the expected warranty servicing cost to the manufacturer by determining the optimal partitioning of the warranty region for the chosen degrees of repair. Two imperfect repair models are considered, and for both, the expressions for the distribution of the times to imperfect repair and the expected warranty servicing cost per product sold are derived. We numerically illustrate our findings and compare the expected costs of the proposed imperfect repair strategy with those of previously developed repair-replacement warranty strategies.
Place Branding for Smart Cities and Smart Tourism Destinations: Do They Communicate Their Smartness?

Smart cities and smart tourism destinations integrate technological infrastructures and end-user devices with the aim of providing more satisfying experiences. They generate expectations of superior innovation, greater interactivity, participation and a better image. Therefore, they need to communicate their smartness and include it in their branding. The study analyses the smart content present in the tourist and non-tourist official Twitter accounts of a selection of smart cities and smart destinations, through semantic analysis, in order to find out which smart concepts are strategically branded to create a smart tourism destination image. The results show that the best cities in the ranking for each smart topic are not the ones with highest percentages of tweets on that topic. The study also shows that the number and percentage of tweets that communicate smart aspects on the platforms analyzed are low, showing the smartness is not included in their branding. It has also been observed that, almost all cities communicate or do not communicate the same concepts, evincing an undifferentiated branding strategy. The results of this study are interesting for urban policy-makers and tourism destination marketers to improve their branding.
Potential New Uses for Old Gas Fields: Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide

ABSTRACT Although the reality and significance of global warming remain controversial, advanced planning for all contingencies would be advantageous to operators. One approach under consideration by the U.S. Department of Energy and the international community that has the potential to reduce the rate of increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations is to capture CO2 from industrial point sources and inject it into the subsurface (geologic sequestration). This approach is especially attractive in cases where sequestration provides economic benefits (lower overall costs), such as accelerated gas production, increased ultimate recoveries, and new revenue streams for mature reservoirs. Carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery accelerates production in mature gas reservoirs because CO2, which is denser than methane, settles at the gas-water interface and displaces remaining methane. Such displacement reenergizes the reservoir and increases ultimate recovery. Another approach, sequestration at the gas-oil contact, might accelerate production of a gas cap otherwise kept in place as pressure support for maximizing oil production. Both techniques are being evaluated through modeling of CO2 and CH4 flow and transport processes. Finally, mature gas reservoirs ready for abandonment but with infrastructure still in place represent a high-volume, low-cost sequestration option, especially when situated near a CO2 source such as a fossil-fuel-burning power plant or chemical plant. These sequestration options are particularly applicable in the Gulf Coast region, where many CO2 sources lie near reservoirs. Further evaluation and increased operator interest could provide the U.S. with early sequestration approaches, if necessary, and breathe new life into Gulf Coast reservoirs.
Two Novel Methods for Extracting Synchronously Fluctuated Genes

: In this paper, I propose two novel methods for extracting synchronously ﬂuctuated genes (SFGs) from a transcriptome data. Variability and synchrony in biological signals are generally considered to be associated with the system’s stability in some sense. However, a standard method for extracting SFGs from a transcriptome data with high reproducibility has not been established. Here, I propose two novel methods for extracting SFGs. The ﬁrst method has two steps: selection of remarkably ﬂuctuated genes and extraction of synchronized gene clusters. The other method is based on principal component analysis. It has been conﬁrmed that the two methods have high extraction performance for artiﬁcial data and a moderate level of reproducibility for real data. The proposed methods will help to extract candidate genes related to the stability and homeostasis in living organisms.
The virtual customer : a distributed methodology for linking product design and customer preferences

The objective of this research is to develop a multimedia tool that uses analytical and graphical models of "virtual customers" to evaluate customer preferences against various design parameters. This tool responds to design changes and notifies engineers and designers of customer needs tradeoffs associated with product redesign. Equipped with this information, product development teams can focus on key features and develop more customer driven products. Customer preference functions can be determined using conjoint analysis and mathematically modeled in DOME (Distributed Object-based Modeling and Evaluation). DOME is a modeling software program that decomposes a design into modules or subcomponents and provides a distributed environment where modules are shared through communication channels. This platform allows designers to compare customer requirements to selected design specifications and alter variables to optimize customer satisfaction across chosen attributes. Individual preference functions are aggregated to develop customer specifications for a particular market segment. These segment models are stored in catalogs internal to the Virtual Customer software program. Using this framework, a LCD projector was modeled to identify target markets for different design configurations. The Virtual Customer software was linked directly to different computer software packages (Excel, CAD, TEAM@) to evaluate customer response to design changes. Thesis Supervisor: Dave Wallace Title: Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering Thesis co-Supervisor: John Hauser Title: Professor of Marketing Science
Web buckling tests on welded plate girders. Overall introduction and part 1: the test girders.WRC Bulletin, 64, (September 1960), Reprint No. 165 (60-5)

An extensive experimental and theoretical investigation was carried out at Leigh University with the purpose of determining the carrying capacity of plate girders whose web slenderness ratios were beyond the limits stipulated by present specifications. The objective of this investigation was to determine the postbuckling strength of thin web plate girders. The purpose of part 1 is to describe the test girders and the physical properties of materials used. Based on this information, standard-reference values such as yield loads, plastic loads, critical loads, and computed deflections will be established.