Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling teachers influence on learners self-directed use of electronic commerce technologies outside the classroom

Nowadays, Electronic Commerce (EC) course is becoming one of the most important taught courses at all business schools due to increased businesses over the Internet network by utilizing all available technologies. However, the success of such courses cannot be measured by number of students who pass or fail but rather by how such courses influence and can change the daily life of these students. Previous literature stressed on the important role of the teacher in developing students’ skills and knowledge and transferring this expertise outside the classroom. This study explores the factors explain teachers' influence on learners' use of EC technology outside the classroom. A questionnaire (survey) was developed and distributed to the students enrolled in the “introduction to EC” course at the Jordan of University. Using structured equation modeling (SEM) a total of 545 valid questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed. The results of the study showed that teachers’ capacity support and behavior support are significant factors that established a facilitating condition which have a significant impact on students' computer self-efficacy. On the other hand, teachers’ affection support and computer self-efficacy are found to be significant factors that strengthened students’ perceived usefulness which supported the use of EC technology outside the classroom. As a result of increased students’ computer self-efficacy and perceived usefulness, the empirical analysis revealed positive significant effect on students’ use of EC technologies outside the classroom. This research presented a set of recommendations and polices that are very handful in developing successful EC courses that support the teachers’ role, leverage student knowledge that goes beyond the classroom settings. Key words: Electronic commerce, student skills, teacher influence, technology.
Automated Detection and Segmentation of Early Gastric Cancer from Endoscopic Images Using Mask R-CNN

Gastrointestinal endoscopy is widely conducted for the early detection of gastric cancer. However, it is often difficult to detect early gastric cancer lesions and accurately evaluate the invasive regions. Our study aimed to develop a detection and segmentation method for early gastric cancer regions from gastrointestinal endoscopic images. In this method, we first collected 1208 healthy and 533 cancer images. The gastric cancer region was detected and segmented from endoscopic images using Mask R-CNN, an instance segmentation method. An endoscopic image was provided to the Mask R-CNN, and a bounding box and a label image of the gastric cancer region were obtained. As a performance evaluation via five-fold cross-validation, sensitivity and false positives (FPs) per image were 96.0% and 0.10 FP/image, respectively. In the evaluation of segmentation of the gastric cancer region, the average Dice index was 71%. These results indicate that our proposed scheme may be useful for the detection of gastric cancer and evaluation of the invasive region in gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Computational studies of magnetite Fe₃O₄ and related spinel-structured materials

This thesis presents the results of ab initio based simulation studies of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and related FeM₂X₄ (thio)spinels with M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni and X = O and S. Using density functional theory with long-range dispersion correction and on-site Coulomb interactions (DFT + U – D2), we have investigated a number of properties of these materials. Firstly, we present a study of the inversion degree and its relevance in the electronic structure and magnetic properties of the spin filter candidates FeM₂X₄, which are one of the key devices in spintronic applications. We also analyze the role played by the size of the ions and by the crystal field stabilization effects in determining the equilibrium inversion degree. Secondly, we present the calculations of the elastic constants and other macroscopic mechanical properties by applying elastic strains on the unit cell of Fe₃O₄, which is the main component in different types of catalysts used in myriad of industrial processes. Thirdly, we calculate the geometries and surface free energies of a number of Fe₃O₄ surfaces at different compositions, including the non-dipolar stoichiometric plane, and those with a deficiency or excess of oxygen atoms. We propose a morphology in thermodynamic equilibrium conditions for the nanocrystals of this compound. We also present the simulated scanning tunnelling microscopy images of the different terminations of the surfaces shown on the Fe₃O₄ morphology. Finally, we investigate the initial oxidation stages of the greigite (Fe₃S₄) (001) surface induced by water. Fe₃S₄ is a mineral widely identified in anoxic aquatic environments and certain soils, which can be oxidised by these environments producing and extremely acid solution of sulfur-rich wastewater called acid mine drainage (AMD). We propose a number of mechanisms involving one or two water molecules and one OH group to explain the replacement of one sulfur by one oxygen atom in this mineral. The findings presented in this thesis provides a theoretical insight into various bulk and surface properties of this group of compounds.
Screening of Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Genotypes for Rust ( Uromyces phaseoli var. vignae ) Resistance in Ghana

The demand for cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is higher than supply in Ghana due to low yields caused by pathogenic diseases, predominantly rust disease. The use of rust resistant cultivars is the most effective method to control cowpea rust. Genetic variations among cowpea genotypes may be potential sources of rust resistance to control cowpea rust and increase cowpea yield and production in Ghana. The study assessed rust disease incidence and severity among cowpea genotypes and determined resistance to cowpea rust under field conditions. Twenty-four cowpea genotypes were sowed in four agro-ecological zones in two cropping seasons in Ghana. Cowpea rust incidence, severity, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and relative area under disease progress curve (rAUDPC) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the semi-deciduous forest and minor cropping season compared with deciduous forest, coastal savannah, Sudan savannah and major cropping season. The cowpea genotypes also showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in response to rust infection. Positive and negative correlations existed in rust incidence, severity, AUDPC and rAUDPC within the agro-ecological zones and cropping seasons. The differences observed were due to variations in climatic conditions and genetic composition of the cowpea genotypes. Five cowpea genotypes were better slow rusting, eleven cowpea genotypes were slow rusting and eight cowpea genotypes were fast rusting. Interestingly, eleven cowpea genotypes showed resistance and eight cowpea genotypes showed moderate resistance to cowpea rust. The rust resistant cowpea genotypes identified in this work can be recommended for farmers to cultivate and used in breeding programmes to further improve the crop. This will maximize yields and increase cowpea production particularly in rust prone areas.
“Special K” Drug on Adolescent Rats: Oxidative Damage and Neurobehavioral Impairments

Ketamine is used in clinical practice as an anesthetic that pharmacologically modulates neurotransmission in postsynaptic receptors, such as NMDA receptors. However, widespread recreational use of ketamine in “party drug” worldwide since the 1990s quickly spread to the Asian orient region. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the behavioral and oxidative effects after immediate withdrawal of intermittent administration of ketamine in adolescent female rats. For this, twenty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and ketamine group (n = 10/group). Animals received ketamine (10 mg/kg/day) or saline intraperitoneally for three consecutive days. Three hours after the last administration, animals were submitted to open field, elevated plus-maze, forced swim tests, and inhibitory avoidance paradigm. Twenty-four hours after behavioral tests, the blood and hippocampus were collected for the biochemical analyses. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, nitrite, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured in the blood samples. Nitrite and LPO were measured in the hippocampus. The present findings demonstrate that the early hours of ketamine withdrawal induced oxidative biochemistry unbalance in the blood samples, with elevated levels of nitrite and LPO. In addition, we showed for the first time that ketamine withdrawal induced depressive- and anxiety-like profile, as well as short-term memory impairment in adolescent rodents. The neurobehavioral deficits were accompanied by the hippocampal nitrite and LPO-elevated levels.
The production, characterisation and applications of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to warfarin

The research presented in this thesis describes the production and applications of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to warfarin, an anticoagulant used in the management of a variety of thromboembolic disorders. 4'-nitrowarfarin was initially reduced in the presence of zinc and dilute acetic acid to 4'- aminowarfarin, which was characterised by a combination of infra-red spectral and nuclear magnetic resonance studies. 4'-aminowarfarin was then used for the production of a variety of drug-protein conjugates, incorporating different carrier molecules and coupling chemistries. They were subsequently characterised by a combination of SDS-PAGE, UV-spectral studies and size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV (280 nm) and photodiode array (200-400 nm) detection. The drug-protein conjugates were then used for the production, purification and characterisation of both mouse monoclonal and rabbit polyclonal antibodies to warfarin. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies were initially produced and used in the development of a competitive ELISA for warfarin and also for the development of a BIACORE-based inhibition immunoassay. A panel of murine monoclonal antibodies to warfarin was also generated by somatic cell fusion procedures, using the spleens of mice, following in vivo immunisation with a variety of warfarin-protein conjugates. Positive clones were selected and cloned by limiting dilution. Antibody concentration determinations of purified antibody fractions and ‘spent’ hybridomas were made using a well-based ELISA technique and a biosensor assay. Affinity determinations of the selected monoclonal antibody preparations to warfarin and structurally related analogues were then determined using a well-based ELISA technique and also using several different assay formats using ‘real-time’ biomolecular interaction analysis. The affinity-purified antibody preparations were then used in the development of a BIACOREbased inhibition immunoassay for warfarin in biological matrices. The stability of various immobilised ligands was initially determined and working concentration ranges were determined for each antibody preparation. A selected monoclonal antibody (i.e. 3-2-19) was then used for the determination of warfarin in plasma ultrafiltrate, which reflects the free active concentration of the drug in plasma. The samples assayed by BIACORE inhibition immunoassay were also analysed by HPLC for the purposes of validating the developed immunoassay technique. The technique was then used for the determination of the degree of protein-binding of warfarin in patient plasma samples, following determination of the total warfarin plasma concentration by HPLC.
Kesan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek terhadap Kemahiran Menulis Karangan Murid Sekolah Rendah (The Effects of Project-Based Learning on Essay Writing Skills among Primary School Students)

Kaedah pembelajaran berasaskan projek ( PBP ) dianggap sebagai salah satu amalan pengajaran yang berkesan yang boleh diterapkan dalam bidang kurikulum, namun kurang dipraktikkan kerana dibatasi faktor masa. Kajian tindakan ini bertujuan mengkaji kesan pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek ( PBP ) ke atas penguasaan kemahiran penulisan serta minat terhadap pembelajaran penulisan dalam kalangan murid sekolah rendah . E mpat orang murid Tahun Lima yang mempunyai masalah dalam penulisan dipilih sebagai peserta kajian secara bertujuan. Sesi tindakan telah dilakukan dalam tiga kitaran, dan penguasaan kemahiran penulisan murid dilihat berdasarkan ujian pencapaian penulisan, hasil lembaran kerja, dan hasil projek buku skrap. Minat murid terhadap pembelajaran telah diperhatikan dan dianalisis secara naratif. Dapatan menujukkan peningkatan dalam markah ujian pencapaian penulisan murid, penurunan dalam aspek masalah penulisan, serta penghasilan projek buku skrap yang menepati tugasan dan kriteria penilaian. Dapatan juga menunjukkan peningkatan minat murid dalam pembelajaran penulisan dalam beberapa aspek, iaitu: i) kebebasan meneroka kreativiti, ii) fokus dan rasa ingin tahu yang mendalam, dan iii) mengambil bahagian secara aktif. Kesimpulannya, aktiviti PBP dapat membantu meningkatkan pencapaian dan minat murid untuk belajar penulisan dalam Bahasa Melayu, terutamanya dalam kalangan murid yang mempelajari Bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa kedua mereka. Kata kunci : Kemahiran menulis karangan, pembelajaran berasaskan projek, murid sekolah rendah Project-based learning ( PBP ) methods are considered one of the most effective teaching practices that can be implemented in the curriculum but are less practiced due to time constraints. This action research aims to study the impact of the Project Based Learning ( PBP ) approach on mastery of writing skills as well as interest in learning writing among primary school students. Four Year Five students with writing problems were purposely selected as research participants. Action sessions were conducted in three cycles, and mastery of student writing skills was assessed based on writing achievement tests, worksheets, and scrapbook project results. Students' interest in learning has been observed and analyzed narratively. The findings indicate improvements in student writing achievement test scores, a decrease in the aspect of writing problems, and the production of scrapbook projects that meet assignments and assessment criteria. The findings also show increased student interest in writing learning in several aspects, namely: i) freedom to explore creativity, ii) deep focus and curiosity, and iii) active participation. In conclusion, the PBP activity can help increase student achievement and interest in learning to write in the Malay language, especially among students who learn the Malay language as their second language. Keywords : Essay writing skills, project-based learning, primary school students
Study on structure–activity relationships (SARs) of epoxylignan compounds with α- glucosidase inhibitory activity

Epoxylignans are polyphenolic compounds, which possess various biological activities such as antiproliferative activity on cancer cells, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic,… In this research, we study on α- glucosidase inhibitory activity of 11 epoxylignans isolated from the stem of Artocarpus heterophyllus, the stem of Willughbeia cochinchinensis, the stem bark of Crateva religiosa, and the propolis of Trigona minor. The results showed that, compounds 1–4 and 7–10 were more potent inhibitory activity than that of positive control acarbose (IC50, 214.5 µM). Based on the results, their structure-activity relationships showed that the presence of the hydroxyl group at C-4, and C-4ʹ positions play an important role in increasing the activity. Furthermore, diepoxylignans having a ketone group at C-9′ exhibited stronger activity. In contrast, the opening of an epoxy ring at C-7 the C-9′ positions reduced the activity.
Hetero-gate Dielectric with Hetero Dielectric BOX for Suppressing Ambipolar Current in Tunnel FETs

Scaling of transistors has been a challenging task among researchers. The conventional TFETs do offer a solution to this problem. However, TFETs based on simple silicon material fail to obtain high ON current and suffer from an ambipolar conduction during negative gate voltages. In this paper, we have proposed a hetero gate dielectric based tunnel FET structure with SiGe used at a source. The low bandgap energy material decreases the tunneling width at the junction, hence increases the ON current of a device. A buried oxide layer is constructed of SiO2 below the source and HfO2 below the drain to suppress ambipolar conduction. Analysis has been carried out in terms of the $I_{ON}/I_{OFF}$ ratio, gate function variation, mole fraction variation and the subthreshold swing parameters. Results have shown improvements in ION and suppression of ambipolar conduction in the proposed TFET device.
Soil and foliar applied boron in olive: tree crop growth and yield, and boron remobilization within plant tissues

Boron (B) has great importance in the fertilizer recommendation programs of olive, since B deficiency is a frequent nutritional disorder. This paper reports results of the olive response to applied B from two 3-year field trials (ExpF1, ExpF2) and two pot experiments (ExpP1, ExpP2). The ExpF1 was installed in a 3-year-old orchard and the ExpF2 consisted of planting young trees with the aboveground biomass yield being recorded. In ExpP1, B was applied to the soil or as a foliar spray to the whole of the canopy. The ExpP2 consisted of the application of B to selected parts of the canopy. The concentration of B in the existing tissues receiving the spray directly and in the new shoots developing after the B application was determined. The performance of the crop, including olive yield, did not increase in ExpF1 with soil-applied B. However, dry matter yield of young plants in ExpF2 significantly increased with B application. The application of B, both as a soil fertilizer and as a foliar spray, significantly increased the B concentration in all tissues and in all experiments. From ExpP1, soil applied B proved to be a more powerful tool of delivering high amounts of B to the plant than foliar spray. From ExpP2, B was shown to be mobile in the tree to some extent, although the mobility appears to be cultivar-dependent. In 'Arbequina' the older leaves that received the foliar spray showed higher B levels than the young leaves that developed thereafter, whereas in 'Cobrançosa' this difference was not observed.
Evolution of Autonomic Function Test in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Western Rajasthan: A Case Control Study

Original Research Article Neuropathy is one of the most common complication of diabetes. Therefore the present study was find out the evaluation of autonomic dysfunctions in Western Rajasthan type 2 diabetic patients will be helpful in their management. This case-control study was carried out on 240 subjects were divided into two groups i.e. control 120 and diabetic 120 (60 male: 60 female) (25-60 years). To assess the autonomic functions CANWin device was used. Our study concluded that values of parasympathetic tests were observed to be lower and sympathetic tests were higher in diabetic, when compare with control and statistically highly significant (p<0.001). In our study, patients with DM were found to have both sympathetic and parasympathetic dysfunctions due to hyperglycaemic effect.
HISTO-ANATOMY OF VEGETATIVE ORGANS OF SOME ARTEMISIA SPECIES

Aim: Comparative study of three medicinal species of Artemisia widespread in our country, focusing on the anatomical structures that contain bioactive compounds, such as glandular hairs and secretory ducts. Material and methods: The roots, stems and leaves of Artemisia annua, A. vulgaris and A. absinthium were preserved in 70% alcohol. Cross-sections were made using the common methodology and were further analyzed microscopically. Results: In the secondary structure of the stem there are differences related to the degree of lignification, more pronounced in A. annua, and the special structure of the phloem in A. vulgaris. The leaf of A. vulgaris presents more vascular bundles in the median rib and A. annua has fewer protective trichomes on the leaf lamina. The root has a secondary structure with differences in the number of secretory ducts and cortex size. Conclusions: The structure of the stem and root is typical secondary with differences in the number and size of the secretory elements. Depending on light exposure, the leaf presents a heterogeneous symmetric or asymmetric mesophyll.
Aeromonas Infections in African Sharptooth Catfish

Several cases of septicemia in African Sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, have been submitted to our lab by the local fishermen in Qena, Egypt, who reported that such case, have recently increased in the small tributaries of the River Nile. Although there is no official data for the rates of infections and mortalities, our preliminary investigations indicated that main cause of such infections is Aeromonas. Genus Aeromonas causes serious problems in various fish and shellfish species that is characterized by septicemia and resulting in mass mortalities and high economic losses [1,2]. Out of the 24 reported species within the genus [3], only Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas caviae, and Aeromonas jandaei are considered the main species that infect fish [4,5] causing Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS).
A Scube2-Shh feedback loop links morphogen release and spread to morphogen signaling to enable scale invariant patterning of the ventral neural tube

To enable robust patterning, morphogen systems should be resistant to variations in gene expression and tissue size. Here we explore how the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) morphogen gradient in the ventral neural tube enables scaled patterning in embryos of varying sizes. Using zebrafish eggs that have been surgically reduced in size, we find that ventral neural tube patterning remains proportional in smaller embryos. Intriguingly, a secreted protein implicated in Shh release, Scube2, is expressed in the dorsal-intermediate neural tube far from Shh producing cells. Overexpression of scube2 expands the Shh gradient whereas loss of scube2 causes gradient contraction. Conversely, upregulation of Shh represses scube2 expression while Shh downregulation increases scube2 expression thus establishing a negative feedback loop. This regulatory feedback is necessary for scaling, as demonstrated by its loss in scube2 overexpressing embryos. Using mathematical modeling, we show that feedback control on diffusion and release rates of Shh allows the morphogen gradient to be robust to differences in field length and Shh gene dosage. We conclude that Scube2 promotes release and diffusion of Shh to allow gradient scaling in an extension to the expander-repressor model. Summary Statement The Shh morphogen gradient can scale to different size tissues by feedback between Scube2 mediated release and diffusion of Shh and Shh based inhibition of Scube2 expression