Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decomposition of Growth Curves into Growth Rate and Acceleration: a Novel Procedure To Monitor Bacterial Growth and the Time-Dependent Effect of Antimicrobials

The new and simple numerical procedure presented in this paper to analyze bacterial growth will possibly allow the identification of true differences in efficacy among antimicrobial drugs for their applications in human health, food security, and the environment, among others. It further provides insight into predictive microbiology, likely helping in the development of proper mathematical models to predict the course of bacterial growth under diverse circumstances. ABSTRACT In this paper, a simple numerical procedure is presented to monitor the growth of Streptococcus sanguinis over time in the absence and presence of propolis, a natural antimicrobial. In particular, it is shown that the real-time decomposition of growth curves obtained through optical density measurements into growth rate and acceleration can be a powerful tool to precisely assess a large range of key parameters (i.e., lag time [t0], starting growth rate [γ0], initial acceleration of the growth [a0], maximum growth rate [γmax], maximum acceleration [amax], and deceleration [amin] of the growth and the total number of cells at the beginning of the saturation phase [Ns]) that can be readily used to fully describe growth over time. Consequently, the procedure presented provides precise data of the time course of the different growth phases and features, which is expected to be relevant, for instance, to thoroughly evaluate the effect of new antimicrobial agents. It further provides insight into predictive microbiology, likely having important implications for assumptions adopted in mathematical models to predict the progress of bacterial growth. IMPORTANCE The new and simple numerical procedure presented in this paper to analyze bacterial growth will possibly allow the identification of true differences in efficacy among antimicrobial drugs for their applications in human health, food security, and the environment, among others. It further provides insight into predictive microbiology, likely helping in the development of proper mathematical models to predict the course of bacterial growth under diverse circumstances.
Effect of Inflation and Economic Growth on The Rate of Unemployment

This study aims to determine the effect of inflation and economic growth on the unemployment rate in Indonesia. This research is a quantitative research. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression with a random effect model, which was processed using the EViews 10 application. The population in this study was all provinces in Indonesia in 2016-2018. The sample in this study was 34 provinces in Indonesia. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency. The results of this study indicate that inflation and economic growth have a negative and insignificant effect on the unemployment rate in Indonesia. Based on the F test and t test, inflation and economic growth variables have no significant effect on the unemployment rate in Indonesia, either partially or simultaneously.
High-Frequency Modelling of Electrical Machine Windings Using Numerical Methods

This paper presents a method for predicting high-frequency behavior of rotating electrical machines. An approach using the Finite Elements (FE) method coupled with a circuit simulator is utilized to obtain the machine common-mode and differential-mode impedances over the frequency range of interest. The machine geometry, winding configuration and material characteristics are the input for the proposed process. 2D electrostatic FE simulation is used to obtain the capacitive couplings while a magnetodynamic FE approach is used to obtain the frequency-dependent resistances and inductances. These parameters are used in an equivalent circuit that represents the machine stator winding layout. A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) is used as a case study machine to implement the method. The agreement between the simulated model and experimental results is presented assessing the accuracy of the method.
Climate 2030 : A National Blueprint for a Clean Energy Economy

This report presents a blueprint for the United States to make a transition to a clean energy economy. It tackles the thorny issues of creating jobs, reducing dependence on oil, improving health, addressing global warming, tackling air pollution, and strengthening energy security. It analyzes the technological and economic feasibility of meeting stringent global warming targets by 2030. This includes a cap set at 26% below the 2005 level by the year 2020, and 56% below the 2005 level by 2030. Two main scenarios are described: (1) one in which no new transportation, energy or climate policies are presented beyond what is in existence in October 2008; (2) the 2nd scenario is the blueprint case, which examines a cap and trade program and a number of other complimentary policies to increase the use of renewable energy in electricity, buildings, transportation and industry. A third, smaller scenario is similar to #2, without complimentary policies. It is shown that use of the blueprint scenario dramatically reduces carbon emissions and energy utilization.
Is the ISO 9000 Series for Total Quality Management

Many companies are working very hard to achieve high quality goods and services and using them as competitive advantages in their businesses. In the 1990s, there are two main subjects on quality that capture the attention of most businesses in the world: namely, the International Quality Management Standard ISO 9000 and total quality management (TQM). Much publicity and promotion have accompanied these two subjects. It is like a fire in the forest among the industrialized nations. Attempts to find out what is so special about ISO 9000 and TQM and why it is necessary for industries and businesses to acquire them. There are four main parts. First, the current thinking on and development of ISO 9000 and TQM are summarized. Then, the rationale of going for ISO 9000 and TQM are established. This is enhanced by numerous examples. Next, the relationships between ISO 9000 and TQM are discussed. Finally, a framework for implementation of either scheme is suggested based on well‐founded research.
Beetroot and radish production under different doses of green manures

Green manuring with spontaneous species from Caatinga biome has become an important strategy in production vegetables. One of the great challenges in tuberous vegetables production is to define an optimized quantity that provides a high productive yield with economic efficiency of production system. The objective of this study was to optimize agronomically and economically the production and its components of tuberous crops of beetroot and radish when manured with different amounts of green manures biomass, Merremia aegyptia and Calotropis procera from Caatinga biome, in two cropping seasons. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with five treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of green manures amounts (16, 26, 36, 46, 56 t ha-1). The maximum agronomic efficiency of beetroot and radish was obtained with incorporation of 49.87 and 39.43 t ha-1 of M. aegyptia and C. procera, respectively, and the production maximum economic efficiency was reached when 36.14 and 36.48 t ha-1, respectively, of biomass of these green manures were added to the soil. The returns rate obtained in beetroot and radish cultivation using the manures optimized amounts were 1.42 and 1.32 reais obtained for each real invested in the production of these tuberous.
Effect of Exposure Time on Thermal Behaviour: A Psychophysiological Approach

This paper presents the findings of a 6-week long, five-participant experiment in a controlled climate chamber. The experiment was designed to understand the effect of time on thermal behaviour, electrodermal activity (EDA) and the adaptive behavior of occupants in response to a thermal non-uniform indoor environment were continuously logged. The results of the 150 h-long longitudinal study suggested a significant difference in tonic EDA levels between “morning” and “afternoon” clusters although the environmental parameters were the same, suggesting a change in the human body’s thermal reception over time. The correlation of the EDA and temperature was greater for the afternoon cluster (r = 0.449, p < 0.001) in relation to the morning cluster (r = 0.332, p < 0.001). These findings showed a strong temporal dependency of the skin conductance level of the EDA to the operative temperature, following the person’s circadian rhythm. Even further, based on the person’s chronotype, the beginning of the “afternoon” cluster was observed to have shifted according to the person’s circadian rhythm. Furthermore, the study is able to show how the body reacts differently under the same PMV values, both within and between subjects; pointing to the lack of temporal parameter in the PMV model.
Application of Zeolite Membranes to Dehydrate a Bio-Ethanol Solution Produced by High-Temperature Fermentation

The combination of high-temperature fermentation and membrane separation has the potential to realize a simple on-site process to produce concentrated bioethanol. The performance of dehydration membranes in separating bioethanol was investigated in this study. Three types of zeolite membranes, LTA, MFI, and MOR, were synthesized. Their dehydration ability was compared using a bioethanol solution produced by high-temperature fermentation followed by vacuum distillation. The LTA zeolite membranes deformed and became amorphous while treating the distillate. On the contrary, no significant changes were observed in the MFI and MOR zeolite membranes analyzed by X-ray diffraction after treating the distillate. However, the flux declined when the membranes were in contact with the distillate (pH = 3.8). Neutralizing the distillate to pH 6.6 with sodium hydroxide did not prevent the flux decline. Even though flux decreased by about 20–30%, the MOR membrane showed quite high water-selectivity, with a water concentration of over 99.9% in the permeate, suggesting the feasibility of its application to concentrate bioethanol.
Properties of Hall-MHD Turbulence at Sub-Ion Scales: Spectral Transfer Analysis

We present results of a multiscale study of Hall-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, carried out on a dataset of compressible nonlinear 2D Hall-MHD numerical simulations of decaying Alfvénic turbulence. For the first time, we identify two distinct regimes of fully developed turbulence. In the first one, the power spectrum of the turbulent magnetic fluctuations at sub-ion scales exhibits a power law with a slope of ∼−2.9, typically observed both in solar wind and in magnetosheath turbulence. The second regime, instead, shows a slope of −7/3, in agreement with classical theoretical models of Hall-MHD turbulence. A spectral-transfer analysis reveals that the latter regime occurs when the energy transfer rate at sub-ion scales is dominated by the Hall term, whereas in the former regime, the governing process is the dissipation (and the system exhibits large intermittency). Results of this work are relevant to the space plasma community, as they may potentially reconcile predictions from theoretical models with results from numerical simulations and spacecraft observations.
The influence of information configuration on mobile game download

PurposeThe study aims to show how several factors interact to promote mobile game download: the number of games released by a publisher, the quality of the games released, the popularity of a game's genre, the quality of borrowed intellectual property, the frequency of recommendations, intragenre ranking, consumer rating and review quantity.Design/methodology/approachSignaling theory was used to classify the mobile game information displayed on the Apple App Store into four groups. A conceptual model was proposed to illustrate the complex relationship between the information and download. Based on information on 203 mobile games in the seven days following their release, the model was empirically tested to identify the influence of information configuration on game download by combining fuzzy qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and a fuzzy cognitive map (FCM). FindingsThree solutions were identified for high game download and two for low/medium. The number of previous games released by a publisher, intragenre ranking, consumer rating and review quantity are core conditions that reinforce high game download. The effects of one information type on another and on downloads change as coexisting information types change.Originality/valueThis study enriches existing knowledge about how combinations of multiple types of game information lead to game download and extends previous variance-based research. Combining an FCM with fsQCA can facilitate one’s understanding of the complex causal relationships between game information and download.
Early Microglial Changes Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes

Although morphological changes in microglia have been reported to be associated with diabetic retinopathy, little is known about the early changes in the microglia and macrophages during the progression of this condition. The present study was aimed at characterizing retinal microglial activation in the early stages of experimental diabetic retinopathy. Toward this end, a model of diabetic retinopathy was generated by intraperitoneally injecting male Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin. No apparent histological changes were observed during the early stages of experimental diabetic retinopathy. However, at 4 to 16 weeks after the onset of diabetes, the retinas from diabetic rats exhibited higher density of microglia than those from age-matched normal controls, with microglial density peaking at 12 weeks. In particular, the proportion of the activated microglia increased significantly in the diabetic rats, specifically in the nerve fiber and ganglion cell layers, whereas it decreased in the inner plexiform layer within 12 weeks. Furthermore, the resident retinal microglial cells were activated immediately after diabetes induction, peaked at 12 weeks, and remained for up to 16 weeks after disease onset. Thus, experimental diabetic retinopathy causes gradual hypoxia and neuroinflammation, followed by the activation of microglia and the migration of macrophages. The distribution and density of retinal microglial activation changed typically with the progression of the disease in early-stage diabetic rats.
Oral Colonization by Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax: A PCR-Based Study in Health, Gingivitis, and Periodontitis

Background The etiology of periodontitis remains unclear, as is the place of gingivitis in its pathophysiology. A few studies linked the colonization by oral parasites (Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax) to periodontal disease and its severity. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence of these oral parasites among healthy individuals, and in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis in Jordan. Methods The study was conducted during July 2019–December 2019. Samples were composed of saliva and periodontal material including dental plaque sampled with probes. The detection of oral parasites was done using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results The total number of study participants was 237: healthy (n=94), gingivitis (n=53) and periodontitis (n=90). The prevalence of E. gingivalis was 88.9% among the periodontitis patients, 84.9% among the gingivitis patients and 47.9% in the healthy group. For T. tenax, the prevalence was 25.6% among the periodontitis patients, 5.7% among the gingivitis patients and 3.2% in the heathy group. Positivity for E. gingivalis was significantly correlated with the presence of periodontal disease compared to the healthy group with odds ratio (OR) of 6.6. Periodontal disease was also correlated with lower monthly income (OR=8.2), lack of dental care (OR=4.8), and history of diabetes mellitus (OR=4.5). Colonization by E. gingivalis was correlated with gingivitis (OR=6.1) compared to the healthy group. Colonization by E. gingivalis and T. tenax were significantly correlated with periodontitis (OR=6.4 for E. gingivalis, and OR=4.7, for T. tenax) compared to the healthy group. T. tenax was only detected among individuals with generalized periodontal disease compared to its total absence among those with localized disease (19.6% vs. 0.0%; p=0.039). The co-infection rate by the two oral parasites was 11.0%. Conclusions The higher prevalence of human oral parasites in periodontal disease compared to healthy individuals appears to be more than a mere marker for the disease and might also be associated with disease severity and potential for progression. Thus, the dogmatic view of E. gingivalis and T. tenax as commensals needs to be re-evaluated and their contribution to pathophysiology of periodontal diseases cannot be neglected.
A Self-Modeling Network Model Addressing Controlled Adaptive Mental Models for Analysis and Support Processes

In this paper, a self-modeling mental network model is presented for cognitive analysis and support processes for a human. These cognitive analysis and support processes are modeled by internal mental models. At the base level, the model is able to perform the analysis and support processes based on these internal mental models. To obtain adaptation of these internal mental models, a first-order self-model is included in the network model. In addition, to obtain control of this adaptation, a second-order self-model is included. This makes the network model a second-order self-modeling network model. The adaptive network model is illustrated for a number of realistic scenarios for a supported car driver.
New distance measure for Fermatean fuzzy sets and its application

As a new extended form of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Fermatean fuzzy sets are powerful tools for describing vagueness and uncertainty in complex problems. In the method of handling Fermatean fuzzy information, the distance measure is an essential tool to depict the difference between two Fermatean fuzzy sets. However, how to accurately measure the distance between two Fermatean fuzzy sets is still a problem to be solved. In this paper, we devise two novel distance measure methods for Fermatean fuzzy sets. One is the distance measure of Fermatean fuzzy sets based on the Hellinger distance, which is called the FFSH distance. The other is the distance measure of Fermatean fuzzy sets based on the triangular divergence, which is called the FFSTD distance. Then, we prove that the proposed distance measure methods satisfy the axiomatic requirements of the distance function. Afterward, numerical examples are given to reveal that the proposed distance measures are more effective and reasonable than the normalized Euclidean distance measure, which can overcome the counter‐intuitive situation. Besides, we utilize the proposed distance measure methods to address the problems of pattern recognition and medical diagnosis under Fermatean fuzzy environment and achieved excellent results. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed distance measure methods can efficiently handle the practical application under Fermatean fuzzy environment, and are more reliable than the normalized Euclidean distance measure.
Identification of a detection panel for post-transplant virus infection through integrated analysis of non-coding RNAs in peripheral blood

Abstract Viral infection seriously affects the survival and life quality of transplanted patients without an accurate diagnosis during the early stage. Herein, we aimed to develop a novel diagnostic method based on non-coding RNAs expression in peripheral blood. An immunosuppressive mouse model of viral infection after transplantation was established. Differentially expressed non-coding RNAs were distinguished by microarray analyses in the virus-infected group. After homology analysis, 46 miRNAs and 24 lncRNAs were further verified by qRT-PCR in the peripheral blood samples of transplanted patients. Compared with normal transplanted patients, miR-29b, miR-185, and NR_073415. 2 were significantly downregulated in the PBMC of post-transplant patients with viral infection. Based on the expression of the above three RNAs, principal component analysis (PCA) identified a slight overlap between the two groups. A 3-non-coding-RNA detection panel was constructed by the support vector machine analysis (SVM), whose loss rate was 14.71%. The area under the curve of it was 0.909. With the optimal cut-off value (Y = 0.328), the sensitivity was 0.929 and the specificity was 0.781. Therefore, based on non-coding RNAs expressions, a detection panel for viral infection after organ transplantation was formed with high diagnostic specificity and sensitivity.
On the performance of DQPSK communication systems impaired by timing error, mixer imbalance, and frequency nonselective slow Rayleigh fading

In this paper, the error performance of the differential detection scheme is assessed for differentially encoded quaternary-phase-shift-keying (DQPSK) and /spl pi//4-shifted-DQPSK signals, It is assumed that the receiver suffers from mixer imbalance and timing error impairments. Expressions for the system bit-error rate (BER) are obtained when the channel is free of fading and when the channel suffers from frequency nonselective (flat) slow Rayleigh fading in the face of additive white Gaussian noise. To arrive at the desired expressions, the probability density function (pdf) of the phase angle between a pair of Gaussian random vectors is used to obtain the probability of bit error conditioned on the channel fading and timing error. The resulting expressions are then averaged over the nonnegligible timing error and the channel fading to arrive at the desired expressions for the system BER. Finally, with the aid of numerical analysis and in the presence of the aforementioned impairments, a number of conclusions are drawn and the performance of differential receivers for DQPSK and /spl pi//4-shifted-DQPSK modulation schemes are compared. It is shown here that the performance of a DQPSK receiver in the absence of fading and timing error is substantially impaired by mixer imbalance for BERs less than 10/sup -4/. In the presence of fading, the performance is noticeably degraded due to mixer imbalance when a nonzero timing error is present.
Analysis of energy process window of laser metal pad cut link structure

Since laser metal cut processing has become a standard technology in the industry, the improvement of cutting metal lines has been an important issue. There has been extensive research focused on the optimization of metal cut structure as well as laser parameters. In this work, a metal pad cut link (or fuse) structure has been studied in comparison with a conventional metal linear cut structure through experimental observations and verified using three-dimensional finite-element modeling. The novel proposed structure improves the laser cut processing reliability. The finite-element analysis shows that the temperature in the aluminum line of the pad cut structure throughout the laser pulse duration is higher than that of the linear cut structure due to the reduced heat diffusion along the line. Consequently, the upper-corner cracking initiates faster and the lower-corner stress of pad structure develops faster at first, but starts to release right after earlier upper-corner cracking. This faster upper-corner cracking and delayed lower-corner cracking indicate a low chance for lower-corner cracking as well as possible low-power processing. Therefore, the pad cut structures have been shown to have a wider relative cut energy process window, which indicates higher reliability of laser processing and may result in higher density laser fuses.