Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Movement

Purpose : To (a) present a theoretical framework that describes how learners ’ movement habits become relevant in the development of movement capability and (b) present data that illustrate how this process occurs in practice. Method : An investigation with preservice physical education teachers was conducted in two phases. The ﬁ rst phase involved examining participants ’ movement habits, and the second phase involved examining the participants ’ development of novel capabilities in the context of unicycling. Results : Empirical materials from two participants are presented as case studies. The cases demonstrate how different sets of movement habits interact with novel tasks, making the demand for creative action more or less likely. The cases also demonstrate how subjective and physical elements are interwoven. Finally, the cases provide insights into potentially productive habits for movement learning. Discussion/Conclusion : The paper is concluded with pedagogical implications, including a consideration of how crises might be managed in educational contexts.
Quantitative single-cell proteomics as a tool to characterize cellular hierarchies

Large-scale single-cell analyses are of fundamental importance in order to capture biological heterogeneity within complex cell systems, but have largely been limited to RNA-based technologies. Here we present a comprehensive benchmarked experimental and computational work ﬂ ow, which establishes global single-cell mass spectrometry-based proteomics as a tool for large-scale single-cell analyses. By exploiting a primary leukemia model system, we demonstrate both through pre-enrichment of cell populations and through a non-enriched unbiased approach that our work ﬂ ow enables the exploration of cellular heterogeneity within this aberrant developmental hierarchy. Our approach is capable of consistently quantifying ~1000 proteins per cell across thousands of individual cells using limited instrument time. Furthermore, we develop a computational work ﬂ ow (SCeptre) that effectively normalizes the data, integrates available FACS data and facilitates downstream analysis. The approach presented here lays a foundation for implementing global single-cell proteomics studies across the world.
Ozone anomalies over the North Atlantic-European region during January 1979-1992 - Linear modelling of horizontal and vertical ozone transport by ultra-long waves

For the North Atlantic-European region it is known that a significant statistical correlation occurs between the trend of the total ozone deviation from the zonal mean and the decadal variation of the 300hPa geopotential deviation in January, 1979-1992. The basic dynamical link of this dependence is investigated by means of a linear transport model. The contributions of horizontal and vertical ozone transports by different ultra-long waves are examined in order to understand the large-scale structure of the total ozone trend as observed by TOMS. In the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, the ozone deviation is, to a large extent, determined by the horizontal and vertical advection of ozone by waves with wavenumbers 1 and 2, with an area of positive deviation, stretching from Eastern Asia to the Pacific and negative ones from the North Atlantic to Europe. The ozone advection caused by wavenumbers 3 and 4 results in a structure with positive values over the west coast of North America, the North Atlantic and over Siberia, with negative values between them. For these waves, horizontal advection provides the dominant contribution, concentrated in the lower stratosphere. In January, the trend in quasi-stationary ozone waves is mainly caused by a trend (a combination of a temporal amplitude change and phase shift) in ultra-long waves with wavenumbers 1 to 4 in the geopotential field in the Northern Hemisphere. It can be described by the height and latitude dependent alteration of horizontal and vertical ozone transport. Over Europe an area of strong temporal ozone decrease occurs, surrounded by areas of increase over the North Atlantic and the Urals, in good agreement with the TOMS data trend. The ozone decrease over Central Europe is dominated by changes in the horizontal advection of waves 3 and 4. Over Northern Europe it is determined by contributions of both advection parts of waves 1 and 2. The changes are strongest in the height region between 300 and 30 hPa.
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis: anti-coxsackievirus A24 variant secretory immunoglobulin A in acute and convalescent tear

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the clinical course of a laboratory-acquired case of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) caused by coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v). Also, the anti-CA24v neutralizing activity and anti-CA24v immunoglobulin (Ig) G and secretory IgA (sIgA) in acute and convalescent tears and/or sera are presented. Case A 60-year-old male presented with acute-onset left eyelid edema, tearing, conjunctival erythema, pain, foreign body sensation, and subconjunctival hemorrhage 24 hours after suspected laboratory exposure. Bilateral conjunctivitis presented 24 hours later and resolved in 10 days. Methods Tear and blood samples were collected for virus isolation and neutralizing assays. CA24v-reactive IgG and sIgA in tear and/or serum samples were detected by immunofluorescent antibody analysis of ethanol-fixed virus-infected cells. Results Peak tear neutralization titers (1,000–1,500 U/mL) against the isolated virus occurred 1 day post-onset (po) of AHC. Tear neutralization titers became undetectable by the sixth day as serum neutralization titers became detectable on the ninth day po (60 U/mL), peaked by 21 days (3,000 U/mL), declined by 1 year to 200 U/mL, and remained at 30 U/mL 5 years po. Antibody to human IgG, IgA, and secretory component (sIgA) reacted with CA24v-infected cells treated with pooled acute tears collected 1–4 days po. Predominantly, sIgA was detected in CA24v-infected cells treated with tears collected 4 years and 5 years post-AHC, while convalescent serum contained predominantly anti-CA24v IgG. Conclusion AHC was confirmed by CA24v isolation, tear anti-CA24v neutralizing activity, and seroconversion. The detection of CA24v-reactive IgG, sIgA, and neutralizing activity in tears collected 1–4 days po of AHC supports plasma extravasation of IgG and suggests a defensive role for tear anti-CA24v sIgA. The results suggest that immunofluorescent antibody analysis of tears for persistent anti-CA24v sIgA may be useful in epidemiological monitoring of AHC.
Spatio-Temporal Features Representation Using Recurrent Capsules for Monaural Speech Enhancement

Single-channel speech enhancement is important for modern communication systems and has received a lot of attention. A convolutional neural network (CNN) successfully learns feature representations from speech spectrograms but loses spatial information due to distortion, which is important for humans to understand speech. Speech feature learning is an important ongoing research to capture higher-level representations of speech that go beyond conventional techniques. By considering the hierarchical structure and temporal relationships within speech signals, capsule networks (CapsNets) have the potential to provide more expressive and context-aware feature representations. By considering the advantages of CapNets over CNN, this study presents a model for monaural speech enhancement that keeps spatial information in a capsule and uses dynamic routing to pass it to higher layers. Dynamic routing replaces the pooling recurrent hidden states to get speech features from the outputs of the capsule. Leveraging long-term contexts provides identification of the target speaker. Therefore, a gated recurrent layer, gated recurrent unit (GRU), or long-short-term memory (LSTM), is placed above the CNN module and next to the capsule module in the architecture. This makes it viable to extract spatial features and long-term temporal dynamics. The suggested convolutional recurrent CapNet performs better compared to the models based on CNNs and recurrent neural networks. The suggested speech enhancement produces considerably better speech quality and intelligibility. With the LibriSpeech and VoiceBank+DEMAND databases, the suggested speech enhancement improves the intelligibility and quality by 18.33% and (0.94) 36.82% over the noisy mixtures.
One-year Body Mass Index Change in Adult Renal Transplant Recipients and Its Relationship with Glomerular Filtration Rate and Creatinine Level: A Retrospective Study

Objective: Renal transplantation is a challenging process for the recipients. One of the important problems in this process is unwanted weight gain. This study aimed to determine the change in body mass index (BMI) and to evaluate the effect of recipient characteristics on BMI during one-year period after renal transplantation. Methods: The article was conducted in a retrospective design. In the study, files of 170 patients who underwent renal transplantation between 2015 and 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. T-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of data. Results: It was determined that the patients had a tendency to have increased BMI after transplantation, with a higher rate in the first three months. The increase in BMI was higher in singles than in married participants (p=0.01 and p<0.05), and in men than in women (p=0.01 and p<0.05). It was determined that there was no significant relationship between BMI values and glomerular filtration rate, and creatinine levels of adult renal transplant recipients (p>0.05). Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that the increase in BMI was higher especially in the first three months after renal transplantation. For this reason, it is an important requirement to address the counseling and support to patients and their relatives regarding weight management in the early period.
The Rapid Non-Destructive Differentiation of Different Varieties of Rice by Fluorescence Hyperspectral Technology Combined with Machine Learning

A rice classification method for the fast and non-destructive differentiation of different varieties is significant in research at present. In this study, fluorescence hyperspectral technology combined with machine learning techniques was used to distinguish five rice varieties by analyzing the fluorescence hyperspectral features of Thai jasmine rice and four rice varieties with a similar appearance to Thai jasmine rice in the wavelength range of 475–1000 nm. The fluorescence hyperspectral data were preprocessed by a first-order derivative (FD) to reduce the background and baseline drift effects of the rice samples. Then, a principal component analysis (PCA) and t-distributed stochastic neighborhood embedding (t-SNE) were used for feature reduction and 3D visualization display. A partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), BP neural network (BP), and random forest (RF) were used to build the rice classification models. The RF classification model parameters were optimized using the gray wolf algorithm (GWO). The results show that FD-t-SNE-GWO-RF is the best model for rice classification, with accuracy values of 99.8% and 95.3% for the training and test sets, respectively. The fluorescence hyperspectral technique combined with machine learning is feasible for classifying rice varieties.
Role of rain as perception aid in assessing wind speeds and associated personal risks

Extreme event perception drives personal risks and, consequently, dictates household decision-making before, during, and after extreme events. Given this, increasing the extreme event perception accuracy of the public is important to improving decision-making in extreme event scenarios; however, limited research has been done on this subject. Results of a laboratory experiment, in which 76 human participants were exposed to hurricane-strength weather conditions, and asked to estimate their intensities and associated personal risks, is presented in this article. Participants were exposed to a range of identical wind speeds (20, 40, 60 mph) with (8 in/hr) and without rain. They then provided estimates of the perceived wind and rain (when present) speeds, and associated personal risks on a nominal scale of 0 to 10. Improvements in the accuracy of wind-speed perception at higher speeds were observed when rain was present in the wind field (41.5 and 69.1 mph) than when it was not (45.2 and 75.8 mph) for 40 and 60 mph wind speed exposures respectively. In contrast, risk perceptions were similar for both rain and non-rain conditions. This is particularly interesting because participants failed to estimate rain intensities (both horizontal and wind-driven rain) by a significant margin. We discuss the possible implications of rain as a perception aid to wind and the viability of using perception aids to better convey extreme weather risks. The article is concluded with revisiting discussions about the implications of past hurricane experience on wind intensity perception, personal risk assessment, and future directions in extreme weather risk perception research.
Dependency of Waveforms in Intermittent Transmission at Mobile Phone Frequencies on Electromagnetic Interference With Medical Devices

This study focuses on the effect of waveforms, i.e., signal length and period in intermittent transmission, on electromagnetic interference (EMI) with medical devices. It was already shown that intermittent transmission with the period of 1 s (500 ms: ON and 500 ms: OFF) tends to cause EMI on medical devices compared to continuous transmission. To evaluate the impact of waveforms on EMI with medical devices, we conducted an experiment at 837.5 MHz and 1950 MHz using five medical devices that yielded the following results. For EMI dissipation, the input power of an antenna simulating mobile phones increased and the separation distance between the antenna and medical device decreased as the signal length became shorter in the case of a signal length of less than 10 ms. On the other hand, the signal period exhibited no specific tendency regarding such power and distance. We confirmed that previous EMI tests, in which we used a radio signal with the length and period of 100 ms in intermittent transmission, were conservative from the viewpoint of waveforms. Results of this investigation indicate that the influence of EMI on medical devices does not depend on the average power but on the burst power. Based on this, EMI characteristics with medical devices for a certain radio system could be estimated based on previous EMI test results for other radio systems if their frequencies are close to each other and their signal specifications are clearly determined.
Advances in Multi-Modality Imaging in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by abnormal growth of the myocardium with myofilament disarray and myocardial hyper-contractility, leading to left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis. Where culprit genes are identified, they typically relate to cardiomyocyte sarcomere structure and function. Multi-modality imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, monitoring, and risk stratification of HCM, as well as in screening those at risk. Following the recent publication of the first European Society of Cardiology (ESC) cardiomyopathy guidelines, we build on previous reviews and explore the roles of electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), cardiac computed tomography (CT), and nuclear imaging. We examine each modality’s strengths along with their limitations in turn, and discuss how they can be used in isolation, or in combination, to facilitate a personalized approach to patient care, as well as providing key information and robust safety and efficacy evidence within new areas of research.
An update on the biological parameters of the Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

The Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, is one of the most valuable fishery resources in many coastal countries of the Mediterranean Sea and the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. In the Mediterranean Sea, several stocks are being overexploited, with ecological, economic, and social consequences. To perform an adequate stock assessment and provide guidance on maximum sustainable yield, reliable biological parameters of the species are required. Considering that biological parameters may change over time in overexploited populations, in the present study, we updated key biological parameters for the N. norvegicus stock of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea: size at which 50% (L50) of females were in reproductive condition, length–weight relationship, and individual size structure. Moreover, daily landings were combined with the spatial position of the vessels tracked by their Vessel Monitoring System (VMS), to obtain information on the geographical distribution and time series of Landings Per Unit Effort (LPUE), as well as total landings from 2008 to 2021. Our results suggest overexploitation of the resource, revealing a severe reduction in size at 50% maturity, an earlier spawning and brooding period, and a clear decrease of LPUE over time.
Associative Learning of Quantitative Mechanosensory Stimuli in Honeybees

Simple Summary One major challenge when using animal models to study cognition is that we cannot ask them what they are thinking or how they are feeling; instead, we measure the animal’s behavior. For honeybees, the extension of the proboscis (their tongue-like structure) occurs when they are presented with a sucrose solution, and they can be trained to associate a neutral cue—for example, an odor—with the occurrence of this food reward, eventually extending the proboscis when presented with the neutral cue rather than the food cue. Thus, the proboscis extension response (PER) is useful for exploring honeybees’ sensory perception, learning, and memory. In this study, we tested a new stimulus, namely different speeds of air flow, to investigate whether honeybees were able to associate this cue with the reward. Additionally, we designed a new system for performing PER experiments wherein the stimulus delivery and analyses are entirely automated, rather than performed manually. Using this enhanced method, we found that honeybees succeeded when a lower air flux was rewarded, but not when a higher air flux was rewarded. These results add to our knowledge of stimulus intensity encoding, while our improved PER system will offer technical advantages for such experiments in the future. Abstract The proboscis extension response (PER) has been widely used to evaluate honeybees’ (Apis mellifera) learning and memory abilities, typically by using odors and visual cues for the conditioned stimuli. Here we asked whether honeybees could learn to distinguish between different magnitudes of the same type of stimulus, given as two speeds of air flux. By taking advantage of a novel automated system for administering PER experiments, we determined that the bees were highly successful when the lower air flux was rewarded and less successful when the higher flux was rewarded. Importantly, since our method includes AI-assisted analysis, we were able to consider subthreshold responses at a high temporal resolution; this analysis revealed patterns of rapid generalization and slowly acquired discrimination between the rewarded and unrewarded stimuli, as well as indications that the high air flux may have been mildly aversive. The learning curve for these mechanosensory stimuli, at least when the lower flux is rewarded, more closely mimics prior data from olfactory PER studies rather than visual ones, possibly in agreement with recent findings that the insect olfactory system is also sensitive to mechanosensory information. This work demonstrates a new modality to be used in PER experiments and lays the foundation for deeper exploration of honeybee cognitive processes when posed with complex learning challenges.
Impact of photochemical processing of DOC on the bacterioplankton respiratory quotient in aquatic ecosystems

Many studies assume a respiratory quotient (RQ = molar ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed) close to 1 when calculating bacterioplankton respiration. However, evidence suggests that RQ depends on the chemical composition of the respired substrate pool that may be altered by photochemical production of oxygen‐rich substrates, resulting in elevated RQs. Here we conducted a novel study of the impact of photochemical processing of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on RQ. We monitored the bacterial RQ in bioassays of both ultraviolet light irradiated and nonirradiated humic lake water, using optic gas‐pressure sensors. In the experimentally irradiated samples the average RQ value was significantly higher (3.4–3.5 [±0.4 standard error (SE)]) than that in the dark controls (1.3 [±0.1 SE]). Our results show that the RQ is systematically higher than 1 when the bacterial metabolism in large part is based on photoproducts. By assuming an RQ of 1, bacterioplankton respiration in freshwater ecosystems may be greatly underestimated.
TOWARDS REUSE OF AQUACULTURE EFFLUENTS FOR SUSTAINABLE CROP PRODUCTION IN THE DRYLANDS: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

The aquaculture industry generates substantial amounts of effluents that may cause environmental pollution if not properly handled. However, since it may contain nutrients, aquaculture effluents could offer a sustainable source of irrigation water in the drylands, which are characterized by water scarcity. This paper provides preliminary findings on aquaculture effluent generation and management in Kano State which is located in Nigerian drylands. Surveys were conducted to obtain information related to the production size, sources of water, and effluent handling. 87% of the surveyed farms are small-scale and medium-scale enterprises, with capacities below 5000 fish. Catfish and Tilapia are the commonly produced fish, with 67% of the farms producing the former. Groundwater is the common source of water utilized by farms, accounting for about 72% of the total. Our findings indicate that there are no established criteria for changing the pond water, with the farms considering either the color of the water or its duration in the pond. Most of the farms change the water every 1 to 2 weeks while considering the change in color as the major criterion. The majority of the farms discharge the effluents directly without any treatment. Although some of the farms claimed to be treating their effluents, we could not establish the presence of treatment technologies on the farms. Unfortunately, most of the farmers are unaware of the environmental implications of discharging the effluents without treatment. Further studies are needed to characterize these effluents and to evaluate their suitability as irrigation water.