Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gamma irradiation of eggplant seeds influences plant growth, yield and nutritional profile in M1 generation

The study examines agromorphological traits and nutrient compositions in three genotypes of eggplants (Solanum melongena ‘African Beauty F1’ and ‘Melina F1’ and S. aethiopicum ‘Kotobi’) grown from seeds irradiated by gamma rays (γ-ray) with 100 Gy. Experiments were carried out in the screenhouse and experimental field of Crop Science Department, University of Calabar, Nigeria. Completely randomised design with four replications and randomised complete block design with three replications was used in the screenhouse and field experiments respectively. Eggplant × γ-ray effect reduced (p ≤ 0.05) seedling emergence, plant height and number of leaves in the nursery at 2 and 4 weeks after sowing. In the field, these traits were consistently lower for irradiated Melina F1 and Kotobi (p > 0.05) at ten weeks after transplanting. Irradiated African Beauty F1 had the highest (p ≤ 0.05) upper canopy leaf area (429.54 cm2), higher (p > 0.05) plant height and stem width; lower (p > 0.05) number of branches and leaves. Un-irradiated and irradiated Kotobi had the highest (p ≤ 0.05) fruit load, lower (p ≤ 0.05) fruit volume, weight and yields over four harvest intervals. Carbohydrate and energy contents of Kotobi fruits grown from 100 Gy gamma-ray irradiated seeds were concurrently improved (p ≤ 0.05). Gamma ray irradiation had both positive and negative influences on the agromorphological traits, mineral composition and nutrient profile of eggplants. However, 100 Gy dose of irradiation had a negative effect on fruit characteristics in general. From the results of this study, inconsistent variations in the agromorphological traits of the irradiated eggplants of the three varieties were reported. Therefore, the goal of mutation breeding in eggplant should not undermine the importance of the eggplant genotype as well as the actual radiation dose.
The influence of local rivers on the eastern cariaco basin, Venezuela

Two oceanographic cruises were conducted during September 2003 and March 2004 in the eastern half of the Cariaco Basin. Specific objectives were to examine the hydrography of the seasonal upwelling plume characteristic of this region, the spatial distribution of particles in the area, and to help determine the source and relative importance of in situ particle production vs. terrigenous particles delivered laterally from the coast. During September 2003, average surface salinities within the basin were higher (~36.6) relative to Caribbean Sea waters outside the basin (~35.6). Salinity patterns indicated that the Orinoco and Amazon River plumes did not enter or influenced the basin directly. The upwelling plume in March 2004 stimulated primary productivity. Beam attenuation and CDOM fluorescence profiles showed marked vertical structure in biomass of microbial populations, particularly near the oxic-anoxic interface typically located between about 250 and 300 m. There is an increasing difference in temperature and salinity between the Cariaco Basin and the adjacent Caribbean Sea below 200 m. Inside the Basin temperatures and salinities were higher by 4C and 0.5. The influence of local rivers on the Cariaco Basin was evident during September 2003. Low salinity plumes with high beam attenuation (~ 1m) lined the southern margin of the Basin. The primary rivers that affected the basin were the Unare and Neveri. Their sediment input affected the shelf near the river mouths, and a surrounding radius of up to 40 Km. Their low salinity plumes were carried northwestward toward the CARIACO time series station. In March 2004, there was minimal or no terrigenous input from local rivers. Near the Manzanares River, off the city of Cumana, and near Cubagua Island, located south of Margarita Island, attenuation due to suspended particles (~0.09 m) was observed at depth (70-150 m) during both cruises (~0.09-0.15 m). Therefore, sediment transport from the shelf into the basin seems to occur year-round. More observations are necessary to determine the nature and origin of these particles. In March 2004, there was minimal or no terrigenous input
Patterns of Tooth Extraction at a Student Dental Clinic in Palestine

Introduction: While the ideal approach in dentistry is to preserve teeth and restore their functionality within the oral cavity, there are circumstances where tooth extraction becomes a necessary and routine dental procedure. In cases where preserving the tooth is not feasible due to unavoidable reasons, extraction may be the preferred choice to ensure the attainment of stable oral health. So, the present study aims to elaborate on the trends in extraction in student dental clinics in Palestine. Materials and methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study. Informed consent was obtained from the participants before enrolling in the study. Patients from all the departments undergoing extraction procedures were included in the present study. Patient information such as age, sex, and main reason for tooth extraction was collected. A dental record was noted for the number of teeth extracted, the type of the teeth, and the condition of the teeth extracted. All the data collected was entered in the spreadsheet, and frequency was calculated for each variable. Results: The present study showed that third molars were the most extracted teeth, and dental caries was the primary cause of extraction. In the “clearance cases,” lower canines were the most commonly extracted teeth. In the “non-clearance cases,” lower incisors and lower first molars were the most commonly extracted teeth. Conclusion: The present study gives an overview of tooth extraction patterns in student dental clinics in Palestine. Further studies are required to evaluate and compare the prevalence and causes of tooth loss in different settings.
Assessing the Optimal Digital Banking Model for Service Users in Thailand: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Risk Analysis

Purpose –This study investigates the factors that influence the adoption of internet banking in Thailand. It specifically examines the interplay between six dimensions of perceived risk (financial risk, performance risk, privacy risk, security risk, social risk, and time risk), attitude, and trust, and their impact on behavioral intentions to use internet banking.Design/methodology/approach –A multi-stage sampling process was used to obtain a representative sample of 505 respondents in Thailand. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data.Findings –The research outcomes suggest that the adoption and usage of internet banking services are influenced by several key factors, namely perceived risk, attitude, and trust. These factors play a significant role in shaping individuals' decisions and behaviors when it comes to engaging with online banking platforms. The findings also show that attitude and trust mediate the relationship between perceived risk and behavioral intention. Practical implications of this study extend to two key groups: internet banking developers, who can leverage the insights from this research to design user-centric systems aligned with the needs and lifestyles of their target users, and CEOs, who can establish effective and operational strategies and regulations to provide a competitive advantage for their organizations. Originality/value –This study contributes to the existing literature on internet banking adoption by providing a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence this behavior. It also provides insights for internet banking developers and CEOs on how to design and promote internet banking services in a way that minimizes perceived risk and maximizes attitude and trust.
The fungal-derived compound AM3 modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production and skews the differentiation of human monocytes

The proper functioning of the immune system depends on an appropriate balance between pro-inflammation and anti-inflammation. When the balance is disrupted and the system is excessively biased towards inflammation, immune responses cannot return within the normal range, which favors the onset of diseases of autoimmune or inflammatory nature. In this scenario, it is fundamental to find new compounds that can help restore this balance and contribute to the normal functioning of the immune system in humans. Here, we show the properties of a fungal compound with a strong safety profile in humans, AM3, as an immunomodulatory molecule to decrease excessive cytokine production in human cells. Our results present that AM3 treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocytes decreased their pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion following the challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Additionally, AM3 skewed the differentiation profile of human monocytes to macrophages towards a non-inflammatory phenotype without inducing tolerance, meaning these cells kept their capacity to respond to different stimuli. These effects were similar in young and elderly individuals. Thus, the fungal compound, AM3 may help reduce excessive immune activation in inflammatory conditions and keep the immune responses within a normal homeostatic range, regardless of the age of the individual.
Stochastic modeling of colloid‐contaminant transport in physically and geochemically heterogeneous porous media

A two‐dimensional model is used to describe contaminant transport in the presence of colloids for heterogeneous porous media. The model accounts for both spatially varying conductivity (physical heterogeneity) and the spatially varying distribution coefficient and colloid attachment coefficient (chemical heterogeneity). The model is tested against experimental data, and the results are favorable. The model is implemented in a stochastic Monte Carlo fashion, and both absolute and relative dispersion frameworks are used for the analysis. One finding in this study indicates that the presence of colloids reduces variability in mass arrival times to a downstream control plane. The study also indicates that the effect of geochemical heterogeneity is important only if it is correlated to physical heterogeneity. Spatial variability of the contaminant distribution coefficient or colloid attachment coefficient (i.e., geochemical heterogeneity) is not important in determining the mean plume shape and concentration values when it is not correlated to the hydraulic conductivity variability. Moreover, the comparison between absolute and relative dispersion shows that including the plume meandering in the overall ensemble (absolute mean) would reduce the peak concentration 20–30%. It is also found that the positive correlation structure of geochemical parameters and hydraulic conductivity reduces the difference between absolute and relative dispersion results.
College Canines: Investigating the Behavioral and Physiological Impacts of Various College-Housing Environments on Companion Dogs

Companion animals are becoming a more familiar sight on college campuses, and they are often viewed as an essential element of wellness by students and institutions of higher education. While previous studies have investigated the behavioral and physiological impacts of bringing a pet to campus on the owners, impacts on the pets themselves have yet to be explored. Previous studies do suggest, however, that when dogs are left alone, they display more anxiety-related behaviors such as barking, destruction, lip-licking, body shaking, and higher levels of alertness. The present study investigated the difference in anxiety-related behaviors between on-campus dwelling dogs (n = 18) and off-campus dwelling dogs (n = 12) when exposed to a novel environment, and the physiological baseline of the dogs. Specifically, a saliva sample was collected from each dog before they were placed into a novel room for three minutes and their behavior was coded. Overall, there were no significant differences found between the two groups in either the anxiety-related behaviors observed or salivary cortisol levels. The implications of our findings for campus dogs will be discussed. KEYWORDS: Companion Animals; Dogs; Behavior; Cortisol; Higher Education; Dog Welfare; Service Animals; Animal-Assisted Interventions; Student Mental Health
Evaluation of Medical Technologies Used to Manage Malaria in Efoulan Health District of Yaounde-Cameroon

Purpose: This study aimed at evaluating medical technologies used to manage malaria at Efoulan health’s district. Problem: With almost 3 million of confirmed cases per year, malaria is the disease that most affects Cameroonians. From March 2020, Cameroon witnessed the advent of massive cases of COVID-19, whose symptoms almost coincide with those of malaria, causing a mix of medical technologies meanwhile, populations and medical personnel are required not to get confused between malaria and Covid-19. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional qualitative study for analytical purposes at three levels of comparative analyzes (Malaria protocol, Malaria equipment, and Malaria drugs) using Anova and Pearson correlation. Results: Our study revealed that Malaria protocol in hospitals was moderately and positively correlated to WHO (2023) [1] guidelines at 41.8% [r(30) = . 41.8, 95%, p = . 019]. Malaria equipment found within the community were statistically significantly different (F(2, 96) = [10.688], p = 0.00) from those recommended by Long (2009) [2] (p = 0.001, 95% C.I. = [-2.01, -0.41]). Antimalarial drugs used within the community and in hospitals were respectively moderately positively correlated at 43.5% [r(20) = . 435, 95%, p = . 043] and highly positively correlated at 53.3% [r(20) = . 533, 95%, p = . 011] to WHO (2023) [1] guidelines. Conclusion: To strengthen malaria control, health education on complete malaria protocol must be carried out, first aid medical centers must be better equipped, drugs must be prescribed according to patient’s histories and pre-referral treatments must be applied within the community while integrating traditional concoctions into modern medicine.
Italian National Accounts, 1861-2011

A great deal of new quantitative research has been produced over the last three decades which has radically changed the received interpretation of Italian economic development. Against this backdrop, the Bank of Italy, Istat and the University of Rome "Tor Vergata", together with academics from other institutions, developed a project to estimate new historical national accounts time series. Our reconstruction covers the 150 years following the political unification of Italy and is based on the most up-to-date results in the literature. It provides estimates of supply and uses at constant and at current prices. The documentation could not be reported fully in the following few pages. The details will be presented in full in a book to be published in the coming months, coauthored by all who contributed to the enterprise. In this paper I draw a general picture of the new time series. I focus on historically significant periods, using them as case studies in order to illustrate some features of the new data, both technical and substantial. A detailed, if incomplete, methodological account of our work is given in the appendices.
Association between Bolton Analysis and Dentoskeletal Parameters of Patients with Malocclusion

The mesiodistal diameter of the teeth must be considered during orthodontic diagnosis; the implementation of measurement tools has made it possible to classify each patient into parameters that determine their treatment needs. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between the Bolton Index and dentoskeletal parameters in patients who come to receive orthodontic treatment at the University Polyclinic of the Mexicali Faculty of Dentistry of the Autonomous University of Baja California. A cross-sectional analytical observational study was carried out. The sample consisted of 45 initial plaster models that met the inclusion criteria. The models were measured to obtain the Bolton Index. Lateral skull radiographs were plotted to determine skeletal class according to Steiner's cephalometric analysis. The data were collected and tabulated in Microsoft Excel 365. A two-factor analysis of variance was performed with several samples per group to determine the association between the Bolton Index with dentoskeletal parameters and sex. To compare the mesiodistal measurements of the teeth, a test was performed. hypothesis for a two-tailed mean difference where the normal distribution was used in both with a significance level of α=0.05. No statistically significant results were found between the values of the analysis of variance and the normal distribution value with a confidence interval of α=0.05. In conclusion no statistically significant difference was found between the results of the dentoskeletal parameters between men and women that determine an association with Bolton index discrepancies.
Optimized Deep Learning with Binary PSO for Intrusion Detection on CSE-CIC-IDS2018 Dataset

Anomaly detection is a term refer to any abnormal behaviors, comprise security breaches of network. Deep Learning (DL)has proven its outperformance compared to machine learning algorithms in solving the complex problems of real-world like intrusion detection. Though, this approach need more computational resources and consumes long time. Feature selection is play significant role of choosing the best features that describes the target concept optimally during a classification process. However, when handle large number of features the selecting of such relevant features becomes a difficult task. Thus, this paper proposes using Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) to solve the feature selection problem. Then, features selected from BPSO are evaluated on Deep Neural Networks (DNN) classifiers and the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset. The result of the proposed model has shown comparable performance based on processing time, detection rate and false alarm rate comparing with other benchmark classifiers. Experimental results have shown a high accuracy of 95%.
Stratigraphy, structure, and tectonic evolution of the Himalayan fold‐thrust belt in western Nepal

Regional mapping, stratigraphic study, and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology provide the basis for an incremental restoration of the Himalayan fold‐thrust belt in western Nepal. Tectonostratigraphic zonation developed in other regions of the Himalaya is applicable, with minor modifications, in western Nepal. From south to north the major structural features are (1) the Main Frontal thrust system, comprising the Main Frontal thrust and two to three thrust sheets of Neogene foreland basin deposits; (2) the Main Boundary thrust sheet, which consists of Proterozoic to early Miocene, Lesser Himalayan metasedimentary rocks; (3) the Ramgarh thrust sheet, composed of Paleoproterozoic low‐grade metasedimentary rocks; (4) the Dadeldhura thrust sheet, which consists of medium‐grade metamorphic rocks, Cambrian‐Ordovician granite and granitic mylonite, and early Paleozoic Tethyan rocks; (5) the Lesser Himalayan duplex, which is a large composite antiformal stack and hinterland dipping duplex; and (6) the Main Central thrust zone, a broad ductile shear zone. The major structures formed in a general southward progression beginning with the Main Central thrust in late early Miocene time. Eocene‐Oligocene thrusting in the Tibetan Himalaya, north of the study area, is inferred from the detrital unroofing record. On the basis of 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages and provenance data from synorogenic sediments, emplacement of the Dadeldhura thrust sheet took place in early Miocene time. The Ramgarh thrust sheet was emplaced between ∼15 and ∼10 Ma. The Lesser Himalayan duplex began to grow by ∼10 Ma, simultaneously folding the north limb of the Dadeldhura synform. The Main Boundary thrust became active in latest Miocene‐Pliocene time; transport of its hanging wall rocks over an ∼8‐km‐high footwall ramp folded the south limb of the Dadeldhura synform. Thrusts in the Subhimalayan zone became active in Pliocene time. The minimum total shortening in this portion of the Himalayan fold‐thrust belt since early Miocene time (excluding the Tibetan zone) is ∼418–493 km, the variation depending on the actual amounts of shortening accommodated by the Main Central and Dadeldhura thrusts. The rate of shortening ranges between 19 and 22 mm/yr for this period of time. When previous estimates of shortening in the Tibetan Himalaya are included, the minimum total amount of shortening in the foldthrust belt amounts to 628–667 km. This estimate neglects shortening accommodated by small‐scale structures and internal strain and is therefore likely to fall significantly below the actual amount of total shortening.
Sealevel history recorded in the Pleistocene carbonate sequence in IODP Hole 310‐M0005D, off Tahiti

Material cored during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 310 ‘Tahiti Sea Level’ revealed that the fossil reef systems around Tahiti are composed of two major stratigraphic sequences: (i) a last deglacial sequence; and (ii) an older Pleistocene sequence. The older Pleistocene carbonate sequence is composed of reef deposits associated with volcaniclastic sediments and was preserved in Hole 310‐M0005D drilled off Maraa. Within an approximately 70‐m‐thick older Pleistocene sequence (33.22–101.93 m below seafloor; 92.85–161.56 m below present sealevel) in this hole, 11 depositional units are defined by lithological changes, sedimentological features, and paleontological characteristics and are numbered sequentially from the top of the hole downward (Subunits P1–P11). Paleowater depths inferred from nongeniculate coralline algae, combined with those determined by using corals and larger foraminifers, suggest two major sealevel rises during the deposition of the older Pleistocene sequence. Of these, the second sealevel rise is associated with an intervening sealevel drop. It is likely that the second sealevel rise corresponds to that during Termination II (TII, the penultimate deglaciation, from Marine Isotope Stages 6 to 5e). Therefore, the intervening sealevel drop can be correlated with that known as the ‘sealevel reversal’ during TII. Because there are limited data on the Pleistocene reef systems in the tropical South Pacific Ocean, this study provides important information about Pleistocene sealevel history, the evolution of coral reef ecosystems, and the responses of coral reefs to Quaternary climate changes.
The Hidden Meaning of Household Accounting Implementation Among Moslem Accountants

The purpose of this study was to find the hidden meaning of the implementation of household accounting among moslem accountant. This research using qualitative interpretive method - case study with primary data acquisition techniques using observation and direct interview. This research founds that the implementation of household accounting is motivated by the the goal of marriage namely, samawa. While the the mental accounting concept, the type of internal locus of control and Islamic religious values creates spiritual intelligency and awareness for running the household away from waste and irrational spending. The implementation of household accounting creates mutual trust among husband and wife because there is no financial related activities hiden. Another findings of this research is the form of financial report among informants are varies based on each unique condition of the household, the simplest form is using book-based financial records while the more modern ones use spreadsheets.