Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compound Poisson limit theorems for high-level exceedances of some non-stationary processes

We show the convergence to a compound Poisson process of the high-level exceedances point process $N_n(B)= \sum_{j/n\in B} 1_{\{X_j>u_n\}}$, where $X_n=\varphi(\xi_n,Y_n) $, $ \varphi $ is a (regular) regression function, $u_n$ grows to infinity with $n$ in some suitable way, $\xi$ and $Y$ are mutually independent, $\xi$ is stationary and weakly dependent, and $Y$ is non-stationary, satisfying some ergodic conditions. The basic technique is the study of high-level exceedances of stationary processes over suitable collections of random sets.
MICROPLASTIC FIBER ACCUMULATION IN SOME WILD AND CULTURED SHRIMP SPECIES

This study was conducted to examine the microplastic fiber abundance and its characteristics in two wild and two cultured shrimp species collected at coastal areas in Hoai Nhon district, Binh Dinh Province. A total of 84 individuals of four shrimp species, Litopenaeus vannamei, Penaeus monodon, Metapenaeus ensis, and Penaeus semisulcatus were collected for analysis. All shrimp specimens were dissected to remove the digestive tracts, which were then treated with 10% KOH to collect microplastic fibers by filtering. The microplastic fiber concentrations varied from 1.96 ± 0.09 to 19.33 ± 10.82 fibers/specimen or 0.20 ± 0.12 to 2.26 ± 1.26 fibers/g of wet body weight. The abundance of fibers in the wild shrimps (Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus ensis) was higher than in the cultured shrimps (Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei). Most fibers observed in the four shrimp species had lengths between 300 and 1500 μm, accounting for 78.72% to 92.82% of the total). White fibers were dominant (30.38%), followed by gray (11.87%), and green (10.60%).
Dissecting Functional Biological Interactions Using Modular RNA Nanoparticles

Nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) are an exciting and innovative technology in the context of both basic and biomedical research. Made of DNA, RNA, or their chemical analogs, NANPs are programmed for carrying out specific functions within human cells. NANPs are at the forefront of preventing, detecting, and treating disease. Their nucleic acid composition lends them biocompatibility that provides their cargo with enhanced opportunity for coordinated delivery. Of course, the NANP system of targeting specific cells and tissues is not without its disadvantages. Accumulation of NANPs outside of the target tissue and the potential for off-target effects of NANP-mediated cargo delivery present challenges to research and medical professionals and these challenges must be effectively addressed to provide safe treatment to patients. Importantly, development of NANPs with regulated biological activities and immunorecognition becomes a promising route for developing versatile nucleic acid therapeutics. In a basic research context, NANPs can assist investigators in fine-tuning the structure-function relationship of final formulations and in this review, we explore the practical applications of NANPs in laboratory and clinical settings and discuss how we can use established nucleic acid research techniques to design effective NANPs.
Building prediction models of clinically significant intraocular lens tilt and decentration for age-related cataract

Patients with crystalline lens tilt over 6.5 degrees or clinically significant IOL decentration model over 0.08 were at a risk for occurrence of clinically significant IOL tilt and decentration. Purpose: To explore the risk factors and construct nomogram models to predict the risks of clinically significant intraocular lens (IOL) tilt and decentration after cataract surgery in patients with age-related cataract. Setting: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: 207 patients (207 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation were enrolled in the study. Casia2 was used to measure the tilt and decentration of crystalline lenses and IOLs before and 3 months after surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of clinically significant IOL tilt and decentration, and nomogram prediction models were constructed according to the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Two hundred and seven patients were included in analysis. 24 eyes (11.59%) and 16 eyes (7.73%) had clinically significant IOL tilt and decentration at 3 months after cataract surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative crystalline lens tilt and decentration were the risk factors for clinically significant IOL tilt (odds ratio [OR], 3.519, P < .001) and decentration (OR, 410.22, P = .001), respectively. Axial length was another association factor for clinically significant IOL decentration (OR, 2.155, P = .019). The risk models demonstrated good calibrations and discriminations for the predictions of clinically significant IOL tilt (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] area = 0.833, cutoff value = 6.5) and decentration (ROC area = 0.757, cutoff value = 0.08). Conclusions: The good performances of our models suggested that they may be useful risk prediction tools for postoperative IOL tilt and decentration. The measurement of preoperative crystalline lens tilt and decentration should be one of the routine examinations before cataract surgery, especially for toric and multifocal IOLs.
ABO Blood Group and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease Assessed by Syntax Score in Patients with Acute Myocardial

Introduction: As coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality; timely diagnosis and appropriate therapy is of paramount importance to improve clinical outcomes. Though there are major risk factors for CAD but sometimes it does not correlate with ACS. So, search for new risk factor is necessary for better management of CAD specially STEMI. Aim: To see the association between ABO blood group and severity of CAD in patients with STEMI. Methods: This study was done during the period of January 2016 to June 2016 with STEMI at National Institute of Cardiovascular diseases, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 100 patients were grouped in I and II where group-I having 50 patients of non-O blood group and group-II having 50 patients of O blood group. After CAG all reports were analyzed by two experts and SYNTAX score were calculated and data were analyzed by SPSS. Results: Baseline characteristics (100 patients) were well matched between the groups. Low SYNTAX score (d”22) was 16% and 56%; intermediate score (23-32) was 40% and 36% and high score (>32) was 44% and 8% in group- I and group-II respectively. These indicate that patients of non-O blood group have high SYNTAX score that is more severe CAD. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis showed that non-O blood group is an independent risk factor for CAD. So easily available ABO blood grouping can be helpful to determine the severity of CAD in patients with STEMI. Bangladesh Heart Journal 2022; 37(2): 107-115
Dust around First-Ascent Red Giants

We examine models for the physical conditions in the dust envelopes around the closest and most conspicuous examples of luminosity class III red giants with infrared excesses such as δ And. (1) It has been previously suggested that the dust is sporadically ejected from the stars, but for most such stars, this model seems unlikely. (2) Another possibility is that in some cases we might be witnessing emission from interstellar dust that happens to be near the star, a "cirrus hot spot. " Since 70% of the red giants with infrared excesses lie within 100 pc of the Galactic plane where this phenomenon must sometimes occur, many of the excesses might be explained by this effect. However, a difficulty with this model for at least a few bright sources is that if the clouds have a uniform density, we expect sizes at 60 μm that are about a factor of 10 larger than found for the best studied examples. It seems likely that some class III giants do possess circumstellar dust. (3) The inferred mass of dust around some class III red giants is larger than 1026 g, more matter than would be expected when a Vega-type star evolves off the main sequence. Because the dust is inferred to be more than 100 AU from the star, we hypothesize that the large inferred dust masses is the result of the disintegration of comets. This model can be tested by using the Space Infrared Telescope Facility to measure the 60 μm sizes.
METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISTRECREATIONAL AND RESTAURANT CLUSTERS IN REGIONS

V. Tserklevych, PhD in Pedagogical Sciences, Аssosiate Professor, Аssosiate Professor of the Department of Hotel-Restaurant and Tourist Business, Khmelnytskyi Cooperative Trade and Economic Institute ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7925-780X O. Maslуhan, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor of the Department of Management, Management of Economic Processes and Tourism, Mukachevо State University ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8465-548X L. Medvid, PhD in Economic Sciences, Аssosiate Professor of the Department of Geography and Social Disciplines, Mukachevо State University ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9386-5211 T. Reis, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Engineering, technologies and professional education, Postgraduate student of the Department of Accounting, taxation and marketing, Mukachevо State University ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-4917-3928
Inventory allocation among an assembly and its repairable subassemblies

In this paper we consider a major assembly composed of two or more subassemblies. The failure of any subassembly causes the major assembly to not function. Every failed subassembly is repaired or replaced. A total investment in stocks of spare components is to be distributed among the various subassemblies and the major assembly so as to provide the best possible customer service. This is a complicated problem: relevant factors are the failure rates, unit costs, and repair times of the various components. For the case of Poisson failures, a heuristic solution is developed which is a compromise between theoretical optimality and practical usefulness.
Vacancy Ordering in Epitaxially-Grown Single Crystals of γ-Fe 2 O 3

Single crystal films of γ-Fe 2 O 3 were epitaxially grown on a (100) surface of MgO by the halide-decomposition method. Chemical analysis, electrical conductivity and, optical absorption measurements showed that the crystals contain no ferrous ions. X-ray diffraction assigned a cubic spinel structure and ruled out the presence of ordering of cation vacancies. Magnetization measurement and ferromagnetic resonance experiments were performed on these films which revealed the value of saturation magnetization and the anisotropy constants. The effective Bohr magneton number per iron atom was determined to be 1.45 at 0°K, which is considerably larger than that expected from Neel's theory. The Curie temperature is 743°K, which is lower than that found in ordinary γ-Fe 2 O 3 powder. These results conclude that the vacancies at 16 d sites are randomly distributed and nearly twenty percent of the total vacancies occupy 8 a sites.
Impact of additive direct and maternal heritability on production efficiency traits in Jersey crossbred cattle

Variance components, direct and maternal heritability were estimated for milk production efficiency traits namely, milk yield per day of lactation length (MY/LL) and milk yield per day of calving interval (MY/CI) in Jersey crossbreds maintained at Eastern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, West Bengal (India). Data analyses were done using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method with six alternative animal models (direct and including or excluding maternal associated effects). The best model was chosen after testing the improvement of the log-likelihood values and it revealed direct heritability estimates as 0.47 and 0.25 for MY/LL and MY/CI traits, respectively. Maternal heritability (0.14) was found to be important for MY/LL trait and permanent environmental maternal effect contributed 12% to the total phenotypic variance of the MY/CI. Direct heritability estimates were high (0.47) for MY/LL and moderate for MY/CI (0.25) trait suggesting that there is ample scope of improvement through selection for milk production efficiency traits in Jersey crossbred maintained at organizedherds.
Efficient Dataset Distillation through Alignment with Smooth and High-Quality Expert Trajectories

Training large AI models typically requires large-scale datasets in the machine learning process, making training and parameter-tuning process both time-consuming and costly. Some researchers address this problem by carefully synthesizing a very small number of highly representative and informative samples from real-world datasets. This approach, known as Dataset Distillation (DD), proposes a perspective for data-efficient learning. Despite recent progress in this field, the performance of existing methods still cannot meet expectations, and distilled datasets cannot effectively replace original datasets. In this paper, unlike previous methods that focus solely on improving the effectiveness of student distillation, we recognize and leverage the important mutual influence between expert and student models. We observed that the smoothness of expert trajectories has a significant impact on subsequent student parameter alignment. Based on this, we propose an effective DD framework named AST, standing for Alignment with Smooth and high-quality expert Trajectories. We devise the integration of clipping loss and gradient penalty to regulate the rate of parameter changes in expert trajectory generation. To further refine the student parameter alignment with expert trajectory, we put forward representative initialization for the synthetic dataset and balanced inner-loop loss in response to the sensitivity exhibited towards randomly initialized variables during distillation. We also propose two enhancement strategies, namely intermediate matching loss and weight perturbation, to mitigate the potential occurrence of cumulative errors. We conduct extensive experiments on datasets of different scales, sizes, and resolutions. The results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms prior methods.
On-line VWAP Trading Strategies

Abstract VWAP stands for volume-weighted average price during a certain trading period, and a VWAP trade refers a trade that uses VWAP as a benchmark. This article provides on-line execution strategies for a VWAP trade. We first propose a simulation-based statistical price-volume model that enables the VWAP to be reformulated as a combination of two Brownian motions. Then we introduce the dynamic programming algorithm as the comparison of our trading strategies. Since the dynamic programming algorithm is model dependent and computationally intensive, we present some simple alternative strategies for VWAP trading. Among these, we first propose a modified cross-boundary strategy which can be shown as an asymptotic approximation of the dynamic programming strategy. Next, we introduce a relative rank strategy that ignores the actual stock price and considers only the stock price's relative rank. Our simulation results show that the (modified) cross-boundary strategy is better for stock prices with negative drift, whereas the relative rank strategy performs well for stock prices with positive drift. As a result, when a trader faces a long trading horizon with multi-periods and variate drifts, a hybrid algorithm based on the intra-day drift trend is proposed. Finally, to demonstrate the robustness of the trading strategies relative to the price-volume model, and evaluate the effect of VWAP trading, we present an empirical study of the trading strategies on the top 20 liquidity stocks on the Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation.
Invariance properties, and characterization of the greatest common divisor of a set of polynomials

On m-sets of polynomials from R[s] of degree d, 𝓅m. d the notion of extended-R-equivalence (Emd under ℯℯ( 𝓅m, d)is characterized by a complete invariant and a canonical form; it is shown that the greatest common divisor ℯ (g.c.d.) of 𝓅m d is an invariant of ℯ(𝓅m, d )For proper sets 𝓅m, d it is also shown that the g.c. d. is invariant under the combined action of E-R-E transformations and shifting operations. Finally, a systematic procedure for the computation of the g.c. d. of 𝓅mdis given. This procedure is based on the use of elementary row operations on real matrices and shifting operations.
Generalized multicomponent systems under cannibalization

Using the theory of Hirsch, Meisner, and Boll, we study the consequences of interchanging parts within a generalized coherent structure. This procedure has been termed “cannibalization. ” The theory of cannibalization is extended to the case where each component can operate at several levels of partial performance and a representation theorem is derived, which expresses the state of a system as a function of the number of working parts at each level. The stochastic theory of these systems is then investigated.
Plug-and-Play Feature Generation for Few-Shot Medical Image Classification

Few-shot learning (FSL) presents immense potential in enhancing model generalization and practicality for medical image classification with limited training data; however, it still faces the challenge of severe overfitting in classifier training due to distribution bias caused by the scarce training samples. To address the issue, we propose MedMFG, a flexible and lightweight plug-and-play method designed to generate sufficient class-distinctive features from limited samples. Specifically, MedMFG first re-represents the limited prototypes to assign higher weights for more important information features. Then, the prototypes are variationally generated into abundant effective features. Finally, the generated features and prototypes are together to train a more generalized classifier. Experiments demonstrate that MedMFG outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods on cross-domain benchmarks involving the transition from natural images to medical images, as well as medical images with different lesions. Notably, our method achieves over 10% performance improvement compared to several baselines. Fusion experiments further validate the adaptability of MedMFG, as it seamlessly integrates into various backbones and baselines, consistently yielding improvements of over 2.9% across all results.
A Search for Prompts: Generating Structured Answers from Contracts

In many legal processes being able to action on the concrete implication of a legal question can be valuable to automating human review or signalling certain conditions (e.g., alerts around automatic renewal). To support such tasks, we present a form of legal question answering that seeks to return one (or more) fixed answers for a question about a contract clause. After showing that unstructured generative question answering can have questionable outcomes for such a task, we discuss our exploration methodology for legal question answering prompts using OpenAI's \textit{GPT-3.5-Turbo} and provide a summary of insights. Using insights gleaned from our qualitative experiences, we compare our proposed template prompts against a common semantic matching approach and find that our prompt templates are far more accurate despite being less reliable in the exact response return. With some additional tweaks to prompts and the use of in-context learning, we are able to further improve the performance of our proposed strategy while maximizing the reliability of responses as best we can.
An Alternative Method for Estimating the Variance Components in a Replicated Crossover Study

ABSTRACT For a uniform within sequence replicated crossover experiment, Chinchilli and Esinhart (1996) derived closed-form expressions for the maximum likelihood (ML) and restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimators of the variance components. In this article, we exploit the characteristics of the covariance matrix for the vector variable of measurements on each subject, and derive simple expressions for the ML and REML estimators of the variance components. We show the identity of the two sets of expressions, and illustrate the new method by applying it to an example.
Mathematical analysis of the guided modes of an optical fiber

A mathematical formulation for the guided modes of an optical fiber is derived from Maxwell's equations: this formulation leads to an eigenvalue problem for a family of self-adjoint noncompact operators. The main spectral properties of these operators are established. Then the min-max principle provides an expression of the nonlinear dispersion relation, which connects the propagation constants of guided modes to the frequency. Various existence results are finally proved and a complete description of the dispersion curves (monotonicity, asymptotic behavior, existence of cutoff values) is carried out.
Susceptor assisted microwave annealing for recrystallization and dopant activation of arsenic-implanted silicon

The increasing need for quicker and more efficient processing techniques motivates the study of the use of a single frequency applicator microwave cavity, along with an alumina-coated SiC susceptor, as an alternative to current post-implantation processing. The extent of Si recrystallization and repair of the damage caused by arsenic implantation into Si is determined by cross-section transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Dopant activation is evaluated by sheet resistance measurements. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy is used to compare the extent of diffusion that results from such microwave annealing with that experienced when using conventional rapid thermal annealing (RTA). The results show that, compared to susceptor-assisted microwave annealing, RTA caused undesired dopant diffusion. The SiC-alumina susceptor plays a significant role in supplying heat to the Si substrate and also acts as an assistor that helps a high-Z dopant, like arsenic, to absorb the microwave energy, using a m.
Dendrimer as nanocarrier for drug delivery and drug targeting therapeutics: a fundamental to advanced systematic review

Abstract Development of novel nano therapeutic material is of great interest among the researchers and with continuous advancement in nanotechnology, dendrimer a monodispersed unimicellar nanosize drug carrier with spacious globular 3D architecture in which the drug can be encapsulated is widely explored. This encapsulation of drug improves its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties and more importantly enhances their bioavailability. A dendrimer based drug delivery system is a boon in targeted drug delivery. Its applications are not restricted to the pharmaceutical or medical field but also in other fields of science. The presence of various functional groups on the periphery has made their surface modifiable with therapeutic drugs, diagnostic agents, and targeting ligands. The vast surface area shows its capability to be used as a catalyst in chemical reactions too. And its biocompatibility makes its use much more effective and safer than other nano-carriers. This review tries to give a comprehensive description of this nano therapeutic, its properties, characteristics, method of synthesis, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and recent applications in various fields, which can help the researchers for producing more promising outcomes of the dendrimers. Graphical Abstract