Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-hip fracture rehabilitation outcomes of diabetic and non-diabetic elderly patients

Abstract Background Although patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at higher risk of hip fracture, data regarding the effect of DM on rehabilitation outcomes are limited. Methods A retrospective single-centre study was conducted comparing elderly diabetic and non-diabetic patients with recent hip fracture, admitted to geriatric rehabilitation, 2014–2019. The functional independence measure (FIM) was used to assess physical and cognitive function. Delta-FIM was calculated by subtracting admission FIM from discharge FIM. One-year mortality, hospitalizations and fractures were assessed. Results Six-hundred-thirty elderly patients, post-hip fracture were included, mean age 83 ± 7 years, 70.5% (444) women. Among them, 193 (30.6%) had type 2 DM, HbA1c 6.6 ± 1.25%. They were younger (81.4 vs. 84.3 years, p < .01) and had more co-morbidities including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Baseline cognitive and motor scores were similar between groups. Delta motor-FIM was similar between diabetics and non-diabetics (15.56 ± 8.95 and 14.78 ± 8.79, respectively, p = .35). Multivariate regression analysis showed motor-FIM improvement was associated with higher BMI, male sex, and younger age, but not with DM. Cognitive FIM did not change significantly during rehabilitation in either group. Similar rates of patients were discharged to nursing care facilities. There was no difference in 1-year hospitalization or fracture rates. One-year, all-cause mortality was higher among diabetic patients (10.9 vs. 6.6%, respectively, p = .07). After adjusting for covariates, DM was associated with higher mortality risk (odds ratio = 2.78, 95% CI [1.28, 6.04], p = .01). Conclusions Patients with well-controlled DM have similar post-hip fracture rehabilitation potential compared with non-diabetics, despite more co-morbidities. These results support resource allocation for post-hip fracture rehabilitation among patients with DM. The higher 1-year all-cause mortality in patients with DM reinforces the need for close follow-up and control of co-morbidities in this population.
High-temperature operation of 1.3 /spl mu/m AlGaInAs strained multiple quantum well lasers

High-temperature operation of 1.3 µm AlGaInAs/InP strained multiple quantum well lasers is demonstrated. An excellent CW characteristic temperature of 111 K was obtained between 20 and 80°C and a record high operating temperature of 210°C was achieved with a 700 µm long laser under pulse excitation. Power reductions at a constant current with increasing temperature were also evaluated at 80°C to be –1.27 and –1.67 dB under pulse and CW excitations, respectively.
Investigating Interruptions: Implications for Flightdeck Performance

A fundamental aspect of multiple task management is attending to new stimuli and integrating associated task requirements into an ongoing task set; this is "interruption management" (IM). Anecdotal evidence and field studies indicate the frequency and consequences of interruptions, however experimental investigations of mechanisms influencing IM are scarce. Interruptions on commercial flightdecks are numerous, of various forms, and have been cited as contributing factors in many aviation incident and accident reports. This research grounds an experimental investigation of flight deck interruptions in a proposed IM stage model. This model organizes basic research, identifies influencing mechanisms, and suggests appropriate dependent measures for IM. Fourteen airline pilots participated in a flightdeck simulation experiment to investigate the general effects of performing an interrupting task and interrupted procedure, and the effects of specific task factors: (1) modality; (2) embeddedness, or goal-level, of an interruption; (3) strength of association, or coupling-strength, between interrupted tasks; (4) semantic similarity; and (5) environmental stress. General effects of interruptions were extremely robust. All individual task factors significantly affected interruption management, except "similarity. " Results extend the Interruption Management model, and are interpreted for their implications for interrupted flightdeck performance and intervention strategies for mitigating their effects on the flightdeck.
Effects of Handwear and Hand Posture on Four Performance Measures in Foil Fencing

In foil fencing, an adequate amount of hand forces and dexterity is extremely important in manipulating the foil and thus affecting the performance of a fencer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of handwear of fencing gloves and posture on four performance measures in foil fencing. Eight male fencers were tested in an experiment. Four measures of fencing performance were collected and analyzed. They were the grip and pinch forces under four hand postures and the hitting scores and motion time under a fundamental attacking scenario. Analysis of variance was conducted. Duncan's multiple range tests were conducted if a significance level of 0.05 was reached. The results showed that both the handwear condition and posture were significant on the grip force. The effects of posture on grip and pinch forces were both significant. Handwear affected hitting accuracy significantly. The effect of handwear on pinch force was not significant. The hitting scores for both the glove I and II conditions were significantly higher than the bare hand condition. The results in this study supported that selection of the thinnest glove resulted in relatively better performance for the fencers.
Response spectrum modelling for rock sites in low and moderate seismicity regions combining velocity, displacement and acceleration predictions

SUMMARY Seismic hazard modelling for regions of low and moderate seismicity is often hampered by the lack of indigenous strong motion data. Thus, empirical attenuation models developed for analogous d 29:1457}1489) with observations on local isolated earthquake events, to determine representative design response spectra for both force- and displacementbased seismic applications. In CAM, the acceleration and displacement response spectra may be constructed very conveniently, and with reasonable accuracy, using simpli"ed expressions for the spectrum corner periods and the response spectral velocity parameter, for regions of di! erent geological conditions. The comparison of the response spectra determined by CAM with similar response spectra described by numerous well known empirical models (derived in data rich high seismicity regions) provide very useful indications of the credibility and advantages, as well as the limitations, of CAM. The implied increasing stress drop with increasing moment magnitude is a signi"cant observation from the comparative study.
Blind equalization and estimation of digital communication FIR channels using cumulant matching

The problem of blind estimation and equalization of digital communication FIR (finite impulse response) channel is considered. The channel parameters are estimated by nonlinear batch optimization of a quadratic cumulant matching criterion involving second- and fourth-order cumulants of the received data. A new algorithm is proposed for (asymptotically) globally convergent, linear estimation of the FIR channel parameters where the FIR model order is not necessarily known. The nonlinear cumulant matching algorithm is initialized by the linear parameter estimator. The estimated channel impulse response is then used to construct a linear equalizer. An illustrative simulation example using QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) signals is presented. <<ETX>>
Attitudes towards offsite prefabrication: a fuzzy approach to examining uncertainty within U.K. industry perception

ABSTRACT Offsite prefabrication (OP) is an important approach in overcoming some inefficiencies in the U.K. construction sector. Whilst growth in OP can be demonstrated, its uptake is limited in relation to the expected benefit of its application. Perception, in part due to historical application, has been highlighted as a significant contributing factor in its limited uptake. However, despite recognition that the uncertainties associated with perception on OP are important to technological innovation adoption, these uncertainties were not explored in the previous studies. We adopt fuzzy-set theory, in combination with a survey from 76 organisations in the U.K., to explore these uncertainties in perception for a broad range of OP applications. Through fuzzy-set analysis, the study presents insight into some of the uncertainties related to the perception of OP through three themes: Uptake, Impression, and Strategy. This study proposes that the uncertainty in the perception of OP value, within specific and across all applications, needs to be explicitly considered to understand how perception is informing uptake. This research also suggests that negative perception is one of the key constraints to uptake and it is in fact the overall culture of the U.K. construction sector that is limiting the uptake of OP.
Psychosocial Experiences That Support Positive Self-Concept in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate Adopted From China

Objective Existing psychosocial research offers little information on the unique challenges and strengths of children adopted from China with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). The present study aimed to understand biopsychosocial factors that support positive self-concept in this population. Design Qualitative, semistructured interviews were conducted with children and their parents. Interpretive phenomenological analysis of transcribed interviews was utilized for data analysis. Setting Participants were recruited in an outpatient, pediatric multidisciplinary cleft clinic during a standard team visit. Patients, Participants Participants were ages 8 to 12 years with a diagnosis of isolated cleft lip-palate who were internationally adopted from China before the age of 2 years and English-speaking. Participants also included English-speaking parents. Results Themes reflecting data from the child and parent subsamples include: (1) child's characteristics, (2) family strengths, (3) adoption identity, (4) cultural identity, (5) coping with a cleft, and (6) social factors. Additional 2 to 3 subthemes were identified for the parent and child subsamples within each broader theme. Conclusions Findings from this sample suggested factors supporting positive self-concept included pride and self-efficacy in activities, family support, instilment of family values, strategies for coping with a cleft, family belonging, cultural exposure, and normalization of differences. Medical providers can support patients and families by providing education on surgeries, CL/P sequelae and outcomes, and pediatric medical stress. Mental health providers can screen for social and emotional challenges and provide psychoeducation on racial/ethnic socialization, identity development, and coping.
Associations of Monocytes and the Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio With Extracranial and Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis

Background: Although the monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) has been shown to be a potential marker of inflammatory of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, there are few studies on its relationships with the degree of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis and the stenosis distribution. Methods: In total, 271 patients were admitted for digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination and were classified into a non-stenosis group and a stenosis group. (1) The two groups were compared and the arteries were categorized according to the degree of intracranial or extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (if ≥two branches were stenotic, the artery with the most severe stenosis was used). (2) Clinical baseline data and laboratory indexes of patients grouped according to stenosis location (intracranial vs. extracranial) were collected. Results: (1) MHR × 102 [odds ratio (OR) = 1.119, p < 0.001], age (OR = 1.057, p = 0.007), and lymphocyte count (OR = 0.273, p = 0.002) significantly affected the presence of cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis, with an MHR area of 0.82 under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and an optimal diagnostic value of 0.486. Analyses of the moderate, mild, and severe stenosis groups showed that MHR × 102 (OR = 1.07, p < 0.001) significantly affected the severity of stenosis in patients. (2) In the analysis of stenosis at different sites, the rate of extracranial artery stenosis in patients who smoked (OR = 3.86, p = 0.023) and had a reduced lymphocyte level (OR = 0.202, p = 0.001) was remarkably greater than that in patients who smoked (OR = 3.86, p = 0.023). With increasing age, the rate of extracranial artery stenosis raised sharply. With the increase in the MHR level, the stenosis rate of each group was highly greater than that of the non-stenosis group. Conclusion: The MHR has a predictive value for the diagnosis of extracranial and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis and is correlated with the degree and distribution of stenosis. Trial Registration: Clinical Medical Research Center Project of Qinghai Province (2017-SF-L1). Qinghai Provincial Health Commission Project (Grant #2020-wjzdx-29).
Smart Machines and Long-Term Misery

Are smarter machines our children's friends? Or can they bring about a transfer from our relatively unskilled children to ourselves that leaves our children and, indeed, all our descendants - worse off? This, indeed, is the dire message of the model presented here in which smart machines substitute directly for young unskilled labor, but complement older skilled labor. The depression in the wages of the young then limits their ability to save and invest in their own skill acquisition and physical capital. This, in turn, means the next generation of young, initially unskilled workers, encounter an economy with less human and physical capital, which further drives down their wages. This process stabilizes through time, but potentially entails each newborn generation being worse off than its predecessor. We illustrate the potential for smart machines to engender long-term misery in a highly stylized two-period model. We also show that appropriate generational policy can be used to transform win-lose into win-win for all generations.
Evolution of water–energy–food–climate study: current status and future prospects

The relationship between changing climate and the three sectors of water, energy and food is increasingly drawing attention today while all of them are vital for sustainable development. This paper undertakes a bibliometric analysis of 1,959 published articles from 2010 to 2020 to provide a knowledge base of current nexus studies. Main research power, knowledge domains, evolution trends and frontier hotspots are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The USA, China and England contributed more in this field. Applied Energy published most articles. (2) The knowledge domains of nexus studies mainly focus on the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze the mutual consumption of resources, the impact of environmental changes on resources, policy formulation and implementation and so on. Besides direct interlink evaluation, other synergistic impacts should also be considered from the macro and microscale. (3) The evolution trend in this field has changed from the conceptual framework to management policy, risk security and optimal management: from knowing to taking actions. (4) The current hot points of this field are climate change and uncertainty. This study presents an in-depth analysis of water, energy, food and climate nexus research to inform more potential studies in this field.
Relationship between speed, lateral placement, and drivers' eye movement at two-lane rural highways

A number of previous studies have investigated driver behaviors including speed and lateral placement in curved sections of highways. However, few studies attempted to empirically address relationships considering other factors, such as driver's eye-fixation distributions and illuminations, which are also believed to be relevant to highway safety. This study consists of field experiments to examine driver behaviors under different geometric and illumination conditions in two-lane rural highways. In the experiment, drivers' eye movements, which have been considered as surrogate of drivers' visual attention, are investigated by using a head-mounted eye-movement tracking system. Regression models are developed to show the relationship among the data, and the results show that there are significant differences in driver's eye movements under different geometric and illumination conditions. These findings give traffic engineers practical suggestions when implementing traffic control devices to increase safety on curved sections of two-lane rural highways.
Effect Analysis Of Benefit Perception, Ease Perception, Security And Risk Perception Of Merchant Interest In Using Quick Response Indonesia Standard (Qris)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of benefit perception, ease perception, security and risk perception of merchant interest in using Quick Response Indonesia Standard (QRIS) simultaneously or partially. The research variables consist of, X1 is benefit perception X2 is easy perception, X3 is security, X4 is risk perception and Y is merchant interest in using QRIS. Research data is Primary Data, obtained from the results of the distribution of questionnaires designed with the scale likert. The sample of the research was the merchant in pematangsiantar. Test Instruments using Test validity and reliability using SPSS. Technique Analysis, Multiple Regression, Classic Assumption Test, Hypothesis Test (Test F and Test t). The result showed that benefit perception has no significant effect on merchant interest using QRIS, the easy perception has no significant effect on merchant interest using QRIS, the security has significant effect on merchant interest using QRIS and the risk perception has significant effect on merchant interest using QRIS.
Preliminary sizing correlations for the rear-end of transport aircraft

Purpose – The purpose of this study of which this work is only the first part, is the development of conceptual design tools to perform an optimized design of the rear fuselage and tail surfaces. The development of a new and extensive database of transport aircraft and an analysis of certain general, rear fuselage and horizontal stabilizer parameters of the aircraft are presented in this paper. Design/methodology/approach – In addition to the development of a comprehensive high accurate database, linear and non-linear correlations between different parameters of the aircraft have been established. Data were analyzed using comparison criteria between aircraft database based on the mission, the number of engines installed or arrangement of the tail surfaces. Findings – It has been possible to obtain very relevant, linear and non-linear correlations for critical design parameters to optimize the design of the rear fuselage and horizontal tail. Research limitations/implications – In the case of the tail cone,.
A study of job satisfaction and work engagement at the National Treasury of South Africa

Orientation: There is overwhelming research on job satisfaction and work engagement as it relates to the private sector when compared with the public sector. Noting differences between the two sectors, the undeniable importance of the latter and that its employees are central to service delivery the dynamics of the concepts must be understood comprehensively. This study aims to add to this body of knowledge.Research purpose: To determine the level of job satisfaction and work engagement at National Treasury, and whether job satisfaction is a significant predictor of work engagement.Motivation for the study: South African Government’s financial performance, which is largely the responsibility of National Treasury is unsatisfactory. As this responsibility is carried out by its employees, noting that job satisfaction and work engagement are some of the more recognised antecedents for employee performance, these need to be understood as the first step towards intervention.Research approach/ design and method: A quantitative approach was followed wherein two questionnaires were administered via online census survey to all employees (n = 1189). Data collected were analysed using the mean and the frequency polygon. Multiple linear regression was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Main findings: Somewhat low levels of job satisfaction and work engagement were observed. Multiple linear regression has confirmed that job satisfaction is a predictor of work engagement (R2 = 49.1%). It was also discovered that non-monetary aspects of the former such as communication and access to promotional opportunities are significant predictors while pay is not.Practical / managerial implications: Job satisfaction, which relates to a focused state of work engagement, can also be harnessed through non-monetary aspects of the job.Contribution/ value added: The study provided insight into the level of job satisfaction and engagement at National Treasury and reinforced the sentiment that satisfied employees tend to be vigorous, dedicated and absorbed.
Relative Age Effect on Brazilian male elite futsal athletes according to playing position and performance by goals scored on Brazil National Futsal Leagues

- Introduction: The relative age effect is prevalent in different elite team sports. However, little is known about this phenomenon in high-level adult male futsal players. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of relative age effect in Brazilian male elite futsal players, and its relationship with playing position and goals scored on Brazil National Futsal Leagues (BNFL) from 2016 to 2020. Methods: The distribution of birth dates, playing positions, and goals scored by male participants of the Brazil National Futsal Leagues were analyzed. Chi-squared tests were used to analyze the birth dates distribution based on quarters and semesters of the year, according to playing position (defender, winger, pivot, and goalkeeper) and scoring performance (high and low). Results: The overall analysis indicated that the relative age effect is prevalent on the pool of athletes analyzed. However, this effect was position-dependent, since relatively older athletes were overrepresented only in wingers and defenders playing positions. On the other hand, scoring performance was not associated with the relative age effect, since this effect was found in both performance levels. Conclusion: Relative age effects are prevalent in Brazilian male elite futsal athletes, especially for defenders and wingers. Considering the high level of competitiveness for spots in elite futsal teams, coaches and sports administrators must be educated about the prevalence of the relative age effect in this sporting context. This is necessary in order to reduce the inequalities generated by age categories based on arbitrary cut-off dates, which may reduce potential talent loss.
A phase 2 dose‐finding study of lonafarnib and ritonavir with or without interferon alpha for chronic delta hepatitis

Proof‐of‐concept studies demonstrated lonafarnib (LNF), a first‐in‐class oral prenylation inhibitor, efficacy in patients infected with HDV. The lonafarnib with ritonavir for HDV‐2 (LOWR‐2) study’s aim was to identify optimal combination regimens of LNF + ritonavir (RTV) ± pegylated interferon alpha (PEG‐IFNα) with efficacy and tolerability for longer‐term dosing. Here we report the safety and efficacy at end of treatment for up to 24 weeks.