Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Detection of Very Low Frequency Earthquakes Off the Hokkaido and Tohoku Pacific Coasts, Northeastern Japan

Very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs), classified as one type of slow earthquake, occur near seismogenic zones and can be a proxy for interplate slow slip. We investigated VLFE activity off the Hokkaido and Tohoku Pacific coasts, where the Pacific plate subducts under the North American plate. Comprehensive detection of VLFEs is performed for the period from January 2003 to July 2018 by a matched‐filter technique utilizing synthetic waveforms calculated based on a three‐dimensional velocity structure model. The spatiotemporal consistency between the afterslip of the 2003 Tokachi‐Oki earthquake (Mw 8.0) and VLFE distribution off the Hokkaido coast suggests that VLFE activity can reflect interplate slow slip. Inside a large coseismic slip area of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (Mw 9.0), the VLFE activity was low thereafter, whereas outside the area, VLFE activity increased after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. These characteristics are consistent with aseismic slip distributions estimated from repeating earthquakes. VLFEs were sometimes activated by afterslips of interplate earthquakes with Mw of 6–7, such as the 2008 Fukushima‐Oki earthquake and aftershocks of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Even in the coseismic slip areas of very large earthquakes, we found the occurrence of episodic bursts every 3 months to a year during an interseismic period between very large earthquakes. Such VLFE bursts may suggest small slips during the interseismic period.
Temporal Aspects in Emission Accounting—Case Study of Agriculture Sector

Complex relations link climate change and agriculture. The vast majority of the studies that are looking into the quantification of the climate impacts use the Global Warming Potential (GWP) for a 100-year time horizon (GWP100) as the default metrics. The GWP, including the Bern Carbon Cycle Model (BCCM), was proposed as an alternative method to take into consideration the amount and time of emission, and the fraction of emissions that remained in the atmosphere from previous emission periods. Thus, this study aims to compare two methods for GHG emission accounting from the agriculture sector: the constant GWP100 and the time dynamic GWP100 horizon obtained by using the BCCM to find whether the obtained results will lead to similar or contradicting conclusions. Also, the effect of global temperature potential (GTP) of the studied system is summarized. The results show that the application of the BCCM would facilitate finding more efficient mitigation options for various pollutants and analyze various parts of the climate response system at a specific time in the future (amount of particular pollutants, temperature change potential). Moreover, analyze different solutions for reaching the emission mitigation targets at regional, national, or global levels.
Economic impact of investment in maternal and newborn health care under the National Health Security Scheme of Thailand

Abstract Background Evidence for the impact of health care spending in the area of maternal, newborn and child health (MCH) in developing countries is limited. Objectives To examine the investment and medical care expenses for MCH under Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Thailand. Methods A prevention–appraisal–failure (PAF) cost element method was applied. Using a payer perspective, data related to PAF elements of MCH were collected from the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS) inpatient claim database, UCS liability claims, the health-budget administration and health resource databases of the Ministry of Public Health, and the population census of The National Statistical Office in fiscal years 2007–2011. The main outcome measures included payments and budgets for MCH at a provincial level. Results Investment and medical care costs of antenatal care to prevent and manage complications increased from US$7.77 per person per year (PPPY) in 2007 to US$11.69 PPPY in 2011. The payments to support quality-focused activities ranged from US$0.60 to US$1.19 PPPY, whereas failure costs resulting from postpartum complications and UHC liability claims were US$1.92, 2.24, 2.35, 2.48, and 2.56 PPPY. Univariate regression analyses of year-on-year changes in prevention and appraisal costs for providing MCH and changes in the failure costs showed significant negative associations between 3 of 4 pairs of years Conclusions Increased year-on-year costs of preventing MCH problems were associated with a reduction in year-on-year costs incurred for correcting problems. Despite increasing trends for all the costs, this finding indicated improvements in allocation of resources to address MCH challenges in Thailand.
¡Pertenecemos y tenemos importancia aquí! Exploring Sense of Belonging and Mattering for First-Generation and Continuing-Generation Latinx Undergraduates

Using a psychosociocultural approach, we examined the role of motivation, belonging, and congruity relative to sense of mattering for 236 Latinx undergraduates attending a public Midwest research university. Findings revealed the key role of belonging in understanding undergraduates’ experiences where belonging accounted for more than half of the variance of mattering as well as mediated the relationship of congruity and mattering. Differences by college generation, academic certificate, and student organization status were also revealed. Practical implications for faculty, administrators, and university personnel and future direction for research are addressed relative to student affiliation and sense of belonging and mattering.
Insights into the spatially differentiated control of ammonia emissions from livestock farming in Flanders

Ammonia (NH3) deposition in natural areas is a pollution problem that is suited for spatially differentiated pollution control. The heterogeneous impact of nitrogen deposition from airborne ammonia emissions could serve as the basis for differentiated policy measures. In this chapter, maps were developed that show the potential impact of ammonia emissions on protected Natura 2000 sites in Flanders. These maps link the output of atmospheric dispersion and deposition models with data on the nitrogen sensitivity of protected habitats in the Flemish Natura 2000 network. The maps demonstrate that the indicator used for impact assessment is a crucial factor in the design of the spatially differentiated policy. The currently used impact indicator in Flanders, the Significance Score, was compared with the Aggregate Deposition Score, an alternative that is a better reflection of the total damage caused by airborne ammonia emissions in nearby Natura 2000 sites. Both indicators are based on the ratio of ammonia deposition to the critical load of nitrogen of the impacted habitat. While the Significance Score reflects the impact in the habitat that is most affected by the emission source, the Aggregate Deposition Score takes into account the impact in all habitats affected by the source. Spatial effects related to the choice of impact indicator were evaluated. The results indicate that the choice of impact indicator has a decisive role in the geographical outcome of spatially differentiated policies.
Supply Fundamentals and Grain Futures Price Movements

A long‐standing puzzle in commodity markets is the low explanatory power of supply and demand fundamentals for explaining the variability of prices in these markets. We apply an instrumental variable correction for measurement errors to investigate how noise in the surprise component of USDA Crop Production reports affects estimated price responses in corn, soybeans, and wheat futures markets from 1970 to 2016. Our findings demonstrate that after correcting for measurement error in market surprises, the explanatory power of our models increases about threefold and often exceeds 70%. This is compelling evidence that fundamental supply news play an important role in explaining grain futures price movements.
Quantitative Assessment of Pain Threshold Induced by a Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Objective Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is commonly used in basic research to evaluate human brain function. Although scalp pain is a side effect, no studies have quantitatively assessed the TMS intensity threshold for inducing pain and whether sensitivity to TMS-induced pain differs between sexes. Methods We measured pain thresholds when single-pulse TMS was applied over either Broca’s area (BA) or left primary motor cortex (M1). We compared these thresholds with motor threshold for inducing motor evoked potential (MEP) through M1 stimulation. We also compared pain thresholds for BA and M1 between males and females. Results Pain thresholds for both sites were significantly lower than motor threshold. Further, the pain threshold for BA was much lower than that for M1. No significant difference was observed between sexes. Conclusion The results suggest that TMS at an intensity equivalent to motor thresholds, which is often used in experimental or clinical studies, causes slight scalp pain. Significance Experimental designs using TMS to evaluate functional relationships between brain and behaviors should consider scalp pain and reduce its likelihood as much as possible. Highlights We investigated pain thresholds induced by a single-pulse TMS over the head. Pain thresholds for TMS over Broca’s area (BA) and primary motor cortex (M1) were much lower than motor threshold. No significant differences in the pain thresholds were observed between sexes.
Low‐profile microstrip patch antenna with simultaneous enhanced bandwidth, beamwidth, and cross‐polarisation under dual resonance

A low-profile microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with wide bandwidth, wide beamwidth, and reduced cross-polarisation is proposed here. Firstly, the far-zone radiated fields of the MPA are deeply studied to improve its radiation performance. It demonstrates that the E -plane half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of the antenna could be progressively widened by using a single equivalent slot instead of two equivalent slots. Meanwhile, its high cross-polarisation of the H -plane radiation patterns could be successfully decreased down by enlarging the width of the rectangular patch and loading the shorting pins. Secondly, the input impedance of the MPA operating in the fundamental mode is extensively investigated. The results illustrate that the resonant frequencies of its dual modes could be reallocated in proximity to each other for bandwidth enhancement by properly selecting the dimension of radiating patches. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. Experimental results show that the antenna has gained an improved bandwidth (| S 11 |<;-10 dB) of about 12% ranging from 2.70 to 3.03 GHz, while keeping a thin thickness of about 0.029 free-space wavelength. Besides, its H -plane cross-polarisation is kept below -20 dB. Most importantly, the E -plane HPBW of the antenna is extended to around 140° over the wide band.
Foreign bodies in aero-digestive tract in children: spectrum of presentation and management

Foreign body (FB) ingestion and aspiration is quite common in children. It is a life-threatening condition. In any child presenting with sudden history of respiratory distress and associated decreased chest movement and air entry on the affected side, FB aspiration should be strongly suspected. Even the absence of signs and symptoms does not rule out FB especially when there is positive history of FB ingestion present. Early diagnosis of foreign body aspiration is essential as delay in its recognition and treatment results in multitude of complications. Nevertheless, clinical presentation of aspiration can be subtle, mimicking other respiratory conditions, resulting in mismanagement. High index of suspicion is the cornerstone of diagnosis. Emergency surgery is life saving and also decreases mortality and morbidity. ABSTRACT
Modeling of Ambient Environment and Thermal Status Relationship of Pig’s Body in a Pig Barn

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of temperature model (T model), relative humidity model (H model), temperature-humidity model (TH model), and temperature-humidity index model (THI model) in predicting pig’s body surface temperature (PBT). Infrared Sensor (IR) was used to measure PBT at different locations: left side (LS), right side (RS), forehead (FH) and back side (BS). Ambient environmental parameters inside the room such as temperature (ART), relative humidity (RRH) and CO2 concentration were measured using livestock environment management system (LEMS). THI model was selected as the best model in making more accurate prediction in both training (R2=0.72, RMSE=0.80, RSE=0.26 and MAPE=2.08) and validation (R2=0.74, RMSE=1.10, RSE=0.40 and MAPE=2.80) stages. For more precise modeling, apart from temperature and humidity data other environmental factors inside pig’s barn (CO2 concentration, wind speed, air pressure etc.) as well as growth factors (body weight, feed intake etc.) may be included in models.
New Equivalence Tests for Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium and Multiple Alleles

We consider testing equivalence to Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium in case of multiple alleles. Two different test statistics are proposed for this test problem. The asymptotic distribution of the test statistics is derived. The corresponding tests can be carried out using asymptotic approximation. Alternatively, the variance of the test statistics can be estimated by the bootstrap method. The proposed tests are applied to three real data sets. The finite sample performance of the tests is studied by simulations, which are inspired by the real data sets.
BERAPA KEBUTUHAN DIAZEPAM UNTUK MEMENUHI PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA? STUDI KASUS KONSUMSI DIAZEPAM DI INDONESIA

Diazepam adalah obat esensial golongan benzodiazepin yang penggunaannya diawasi secara nasional dan global, oleh karena itu ketersediaan untuk pelayanan kesehatan harus dapat terpenuhi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji kebutuhan diazepam dengan menganalisis konsumsi diazepam selama 5 tahun dari tahun 2010 sampai dengan tahun 2014 serta menghitung kebutuhan yang harus tersedia. Penelitian studi kasus dengan pendekatan diskriptif analitik. Menggunakan data sekunder untuk mengkaji penggunaan diazepam selama tahun 2010 sampai dengan tahun 2014. Penggunaan diazepam dihitung berdasarkan data konsumsi, yaitu data produksi, impor dan ekspor. Nilai konsumsi diazepam (dalam kg) per tahun diubah dalam “ Define Daily Doses for Statistical purposes ” (S-DDD). S-DDD adalah unit teknis pengukuran untuk tujuan analisis statistik dan tidak direkomendasikan untuk dosis peresepan. Menghitung kebutuhan diazepam untuk penderita gangguan jiwa berdasarkan nilai S-DDD. Konsumsi diazepam mengalami penurunan selama tahun 2010 sampai dengan tahun 2014. Konsumsi tertinggi pada tahun 2010 dan terendah pada tahun 2014, rerata konsumsi diazepam selama 5 tahun sebesar 0,36 S-DDD.Ketersediaan diazepam belum mencukupi untuk kebutuhan penderita gangguan jiwa.Sebagai obat esensial konsumsi diazepam di Indonesia masih rendah, belum mencukupi untuk memenuhi pelayanan kesehatan. Kuantifikasi kebutuhan yang tepat diperlukan untuk memenuhi ketersediaan dan akses pasien mendapat pengobatan.
The further development and evaluation of a generic individual non-managerial performance measure

If it can be assumed that the connotative meaning of performance (Kerlinger & Lee, 2000) is not unique to specific managerial and non-managerial jobs, this opens up the possibility of developing generic managerial and non-managerial competency models simply because it becomes easier to assemble a sufficiently large sample to convincingly empirically test the model. This in addition then also opens up the possibility of developing and validating generic managerial and non-managerial prediction models. The question is whether industry should be expected to develop and empirically test explanatory structural models that explain variance in managerial and non-managerial performance. Myburgh (2013) argued that they should not. Moreover, Myburgh (2013) argued that the inability of the discipline of industrial psychology to develop a generic non-managerial performance model has, let down the practice of industrial psychology. Myburgh (2013) consequently took the first step towards building a generic non-managerial structural competency model by proposing a performance structural model in which she mapped twelve generic non-managerial competencies on eight generic non-managerial outcomes. She, however, did not empirically test her proposed non-managerial performance model. She in addition developed and psychometrically evaluated the construct validity of the Generic Performance Questionnaire (GPQ). The GPQ attempts to assess the level of competence that employees in entry-level non-managerial position achieve on the competencies that comprise the generic non-managerial performance construct (Myburgh & Theron, 2014). The objective of the current study is to continue with the research where Myburgh (2013) left off towards the development of a valid comprehensive non-managerial individual employee competency model. The primary objective of the current study is to re-examine the performance structural model proposed by Myburgh (2013), to modify the model if this is deemed necessary and empirically test the fit of the model as well as the statistical significance of the paths in the model (provided adequate fit has been achieved). Re-examining the performance structural model proposed by Myburgh (2013) entails reflecting on the question whether any critical competencies have been excluded from the model and whether any redundant or inappropriate Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN INVESTASI, MODAL MINIMAL, PELATIHAN PASAR MODAL DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP MINAT INVESTASI SAHAM DI PASAR MODAL(Studi Pada Mahasiswa FEB Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto)

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of investment knowledge, minimum fund, capital market training and motivation toward investment interest in stock capital market. Objects of this research were Faculty of Economics and Business students. Samples were determined using non probability sampling method. Data were analyzed using multtiple linier regresion analysis method. The result of the analysis showed that as partial : investment knowledge, capital market training and motivation have significant positive effects toward investment interest in the capital market. Minimum fund have no significant effect toward investment interest in the capital market. Keywords: Investment Knowledge, Minimum Capital, Capital Market Training, Motivation, Investment Interest
The WIL to learn: students’ perspectives on the impact of work-integrated learning placements on their professional readiness

ABSTRACT Work-integrated learning (WIL) has assumed life as a central feature of higher education curriculum design in a wide range of disciplines with the ultimate goal of producing work-ready graduates. Under recent Australian government initiatives affecting teacher education, placement forms of WIL have been touted as the panacea for perceived problems with graduate teacher quality; resulting in the national regulation of placement design and length in this discipline. This article reports the findings of a qualitative study into the perspectives of fifteen teacher education students from one regional Australian university. The study investigated these students’ placement experiences and the impact of these experiences on their perceptions of readiness for a career in the teaching profession. Thematic analysis is the method used to identify two key themes in the data collected through semi-structured interviews. Despite recognising the benefits of real-world opportunities for skill development and practice inherent in WIL placement experiences, the study highlights important limitations of these forms of WIL on the development of professional readiness arising from the contextual features of particular placement sites; relationships with workplace supervisors and performance pressure associated with assessment during placements. These findings not only confirm the importance of social processes in the preparation of work-ready graduates but question reliance on placement forms of WIL learning for nurturing graduates’ readiness for professional work.
The relationship between serum apelin level and different grades of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of renal failure. Diabetic patients with microalbuminuria typically progress to proteinuria and overt DN. Similar to other microvascular complications of diabetes, there are strong associations between glucose control (as measured using HbA1c) and the risk of developing DN. Apelin (APLN), a peptide first isolated from bovine stomach tissue extracts, is the endogenous ligand for the G-protein-coupled APJ receptor that is expressed at the surface of some cell types. APLN and APJ are widely expressed in homogenates from animal organs in a pattern shared with angiotensinogen and the angiotensin receptor. APLN is widely distributed in the central nervous system and periphery, especially in the heart, kidney, lung, and mammary glands. The APLN–APJ system may be involved in the pathogenesis of DN, which may play a renoprotective role partially by antagonizing the angiotensin II–ATIR pathway. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between serum APLN and different grades of DN in type 2 diabetic patients. Patients and methods This study was conducted on 150 diabetic patients and 20 controls selected from the inpatient department and outpatient clinics of the Internal Medicine Department in Menoufia University Hospital. The selected participants were divided into four groups: group 1 included 20 healthy controls; group 2 included 50 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with normoalbuminuria; group 3 included 50 T2DM patients with microalbuminuria; and group 4 included 50 T2DM patients with macroalbuminuria. Members of the study groups were subjected to thorough history taking with special emphasis on age, sex, and duration of diabetes mellitus. Investigations included liver profile, complete blood count, fasting and 2 h postprandial plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), complete urine analysis, kidney function tests (blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine), urine albumin/creatinine ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum APLN. Results Serum APLN was significantly higher in group 4 compared with the other groups, in group 3 compared with groups 1 and 2, and in group 2 compared with group 1. There was a significant positive correlation between serum APLN and serum creatinine, urine albumin/creatinine ratio, and HbA1c. Further, there was a significant negative correlation between serum APLN and estimated glomerular filtration rate in the studied diabetic patients. There was no correlation between serum APLN and BMI in diabetic patients. Conclusion From this study, we can conclude that serum APLN is significantly higher in patients with DN compared with diabetic patients without nephropathy, and there is a positive correlation between serum apelin and the degree of DN. Thus, APLN may play an important role in the development of DN.