Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Modelling of the Flow around a
 Simplified Train in Crosswinds

Currently, there are different computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques used to obtain the flow around trains. One of these techniques is the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS), which is commonly and widely used by industry to obtain the mean flow field around trains in different operating conditions. In order to assess the performance of RANS turbulence modelling for train aerodynamics, five different common RANS modelling have been used in this paper to obtain the flow and the surface pressure around a simplified train model subjected to crosswind; the standard k -  model, the realisable k -  model, the Re-Normalisation Group (RNG) k -  model, the standard k -  model and Shear Stress Transport (SST) k -  model. The train model was stationary and subjected to crosswind with a 90 o yaw angle. The effects of mesh size and spatial discretization scheme on the aerodynamic characteristics of the train were also investigated. The results obtained from the different RANS models were compared to those from published experimental data. In general, all the RANS models provided the pressure distribution trend. However, all k -  models overestimate the surface pressure on the train body except the bottom face. The standard k -  model underestimates the surface pressure on the train body except the streamwise face. It was shown that the simulation using SST k -  model together with a second order discretization scheme provides the closest results to the experimental surface pressure. It could be concluded from the present study that the SST k -  model with a second order discretization scheme and y + around 1.0 is the most appropriate RANS model
Migrant remittances, financial market development, and per capita real growth in sub-Saharan Africa

The inflow of migrant remittances to developing economies in the recent past has been one of the most topical issues discussed in growth literature due to the increasing volume, stable nature, and capacity to enhance growth. This study examines the effect of migrant remittances and financial market development, on per capita real growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Data from twenty-seven African countries between the period 2000 and 2020 was employed for this study. The pool mean group (PMG) was deployed in analyzing the data. The study outcome revealed that migrant remittances positively influence and facilitate growth in the SSA region. The study also affirmed that equity market development contributes positively to growth in the SSA region. Furthermore, the study also established that banking sector development seems not to affect growth positively in the SSA. In addition, the study also recommends some policies for the region to implement.
Growth and carbon stock assessment of different aged mahogany plantations in hilly zone of Karnataka

Swietenia macrophylla is an economically important tree species. Its moderately fast growth and adaptability to different environmental conditions and good economic returns has made it a popular tree species in Karnataka. The present study aims to know the growth and carbon sequestration of mahogany tree in hilly zone of Karnataka. Twenty-five trees selected from each age gradation of one and half year to four and half year old were selected and evaluated for the growth and carbon estimation. A significant difference is observed among one and half year to four and half year-old mahogany trees for growth parameters such as height (2.73 to 5.11 m), GBH (10.80 to 28.04 cm) and the volume (2.20 to 24.18 m 3 /ha). Growth pattern of mahogany showed an increasing trend with tree age. Carbon sequestration also varied with tree age. Maximum carbon sequestered by four and half year-old plantation (8.07 t ha -1 ) compared to the rest.
Signal Integrity - Aware Pattern Generation for Delay Testing

La miniaturisation des circuits integres permet d'avoir une integration plus elevee dans une meme puce. Cela, conduit a des problemes de qualite dans les signaux de communication et d’alimentation comme le phenomene de bruit de diaphonie entre les interconnections (Crosstalk) et de bruit dans le lignes d'alimentation (PSN, GB). Aussi problemes de fiabilite peuvent eventuellement arriver a cause des variations dans les parametres technologiques pendant le processus de fabrication. De ce fait, tout ces phenomenes ont un effet negatif sur le delai dans les circuits embarques (IC) et donnent lieu aux defauts sur le retard. Des echecs relie au delai dans les dispositifs semi conducteurs causes une augmentation de taux d'evasion de defaut, une perte de rendement et une diminution dans le taux de fiabilite. Techniques de Design-For-Test ont etait developpee a fin d'avoir une meilleur controlabilite et observabilite dans les nœuds internes du circuit pour detecter et localiser facilement l’emplacement des defauts. Cependant, ils ne sont pas toujours detectes par les modeles de defauts traditionnels.Cette these s’interesse a l’analyse de ces phenomenes a fin de proposer de nouvelle methodes de test du delai en considerant les phenomenes physiques pour faire face aux defauts provenant du processus de fabrication ou de problemes physiques. Ces methodes comprennent l'analyse de la variation du retard d'un chemin en presence du bruit de diaphonie, du bruit d'alimentation, et les variations de processus. Additionnellement, nous developpons methodes d'essai de retard sur un chemin pour identifier les motifs de test qui peuvent causer le pire des cas de retard sur un chemin cible. Les methodes proposees peuvent etre utilisees pour caracteriser la vitesse de chemin et il contribue a resoudre le probleme de «speed binning». En outre, ils peuvent etre utilises dans l'amelioration de l'approche classique ATPG de generation de «patterns» et elles sont independantes de la technologie. L'application de ces contributions peut apporter des ameliorations considerables a la qualite de test IC en assurant une meilleure couverture des defauts et en aidant a augmenter le rendement de fabrication au cours de la vitesse du «binning» dans les puces IC. L’evolution en continue de la technologie en echelle nanometrique
The Influence Of Agricultural Extension Communication Forms On The Adoption Rate Of Post-Harvest Rice Technology Innovation

This study was conducted to determine (1) the influence of forms of interpersonal communication, group communication and mass communication carried out by agricultural extension services on the adoption rate of postharvest rice field technology innovations. (2) To find out the right form of agricultural extension communication in order to achieve the adoption of pascpapanen technological innovations. This research was conducted in Gapoktan Mulya Jaya in Babakanmulya Village, Jalaksana District, Kuningan Regency. The study was conducted from September to October 2022. This method and type of research uses descriptive quantitative methods with survey techniques and a sample of 75 members of the Association. Technical data collection is primary data obtained from interviews and questionnaires, and secondary data obtained from data obtained from literature studies and data from agencies or institutions related to research. Data Analysis techniques performed include: descriptive analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and F test. The results of multiple linear regression analysis (1) Interpersonal Communication Variables have a real effect on the adoption rate of postharvest technology innovations in rice fields, with the results of multiple linear regression tests that have a sig value = 0.001 which means 0.001 < 0.05 and have a B value = 0.791. (2) Group communication variables have a significant effect on the adoption rate of postharvest technology innovations in rice fields, with multiple linear regression test results that have a sig value = 0.038 which means 0.038 < 0.05 and have a value of B – 0.510. (3) Mass Communication Variables have a real effect on the adoption rate of postharvest technology innovations in rice fields, with regression test results that have a GIS value = 0.002 which means 0.002 < 0.05 and has a value of 0.977. (4) The variables of interpersonal communication, group communication, and mass communication have a significant effect on the adoption rate of rice postharvest technology innovations with the results of multiple linear regression equation analysis, namely: Y = (-1.031) + 0.791 + 0.510 + 0.977 X_1 X_2 X_3.
Role of efflux pumps, their inhibitors, and regulators in colistin resistance

Colistin is highly promising against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant bacteria clinically. Bacteria are resistant to colistin mainly through mcr and chromosome-mediated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis-related locus variation. However, the current understanding cannot fully explain the resistance mechanism in mcr-negative colistin-resistant strains. Significantly, the contribution of efflux pumps to colistin resistance remains to be clarified. This review aims to discuss the contribution of efflux pumps and their related transcriptional regulators to colistin resistance in various bacteria and the reversal effect of efflux pump inhibitors on colistin resistance. Previous studies suggested a complex regulatory relationship between the efflux pumps and their transcriptional regulators and LPS synthesis, transport, and modification. Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine (NMP), and Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide (PAβN) all achieved the reversal of colistin resistance, highlighting the role of efflux pumps in colistin resistance and their potential for adjuvant development. The contribution of the efflux pumps to colistin resistance might also be related to specific genetic backgrounds. They can participate in colistin tolerance and heterogeneous resistance to affect the treatment efficacy of colistin. These findings help understand the development of resistance in mcr-negative colistin-resistant strains.
Potential of the Oxidized Form of the Oleuropein Aglycon to Monitor the Oil Quality Evolution of Commercial Extra-Virgin Olive Oils

The quality of commercially available extra-virgin olive oils (VOOs) of different chemical compositions was evaluated as a function of storage (12 months), simulating market storage conditions, to find reliable and early markers of the virgin olive oil (VOOs) quality status in the market. By applying a D-optimal design using the Most Descriptive Compound (MDC) algorithm, 20 virgin olive oils were selected. The initial concentrations of oleic acid, hydrophilic phenols, and α-tocopherol in the 20 VOOs ranged from 58.2 to 80.5%, 186.7 to 1003.2 mg/kg, and 170.7–300.6 mg/kg, respectively. K270, ∆K, (E, E)-2.4-decadienal and (E)-2-decenal, and the oxidative form of the oleuropein aglycon (3,4-DHPEA-EA-OX) reflected the VOO quality status well, with 3,4-DHPEA-EA-OX being the most relevant and quick index for simple monitoring of the “extra-virgin” commercial shelf-life category. Its HPLC-DAD evaluation is easy because of the different wavelength absorbances of the oxidized and non-oxidized form (3,4-DHPEA-EA), respectively, at 347 and 278 nm.
The Impact of Storage Temperature and Time on Ergot Alkaloid Concentrations

Ergot sclerotia produce toxic secondary metabolites, ergot alkaloids, that infect cereal crops and grasses. Ergot alkaloids have two isomeric configurations: the C-8-R-isomer (R-epimer), and the C-8-S-isomer (S-epimer). Ergot contaminated matrices, such as cereal grains or grasses, may be stored for extended periods at various temperatures before being analyzed, utilized, or consumed. This study assessed the concentration of six common ergot alkaloids in both configurations found in naturally contaminated wheat over time (one, two, and four months) at different temperatures (room temperature, +4 °C, and −20 °C) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The data indicate that the total ergot concentration within a natural contaminated sample varies over time at room temperature, +4 °C, and −20 °C. The total ergot concentration increased until month two, and decreased at month four, independent of temperature (p < 0.05). The total R-epimer concentration appeared to be less stable over time than the total S-epimer concentration. The changes in the total R and total S-epimer concentrations may have been caused by changes in the ergocristine and ergocristinine concentrations, respectively. Time and temperature should be considered when storing potentially contaminated matrices in a laboratory or practical agriculture situations. Quantification of ergot contaminated matrices should occur prior to their use to ensure the most reliable estimates of the concentration of ergot.
The impact of money supply on the real sector during the Covid-19 pandemic: Evidence from OECD countries

Declared as a pandemic on March 11, 2020, COVID-19 caused a “sudden stop” in the world economy, resulting in both supply and demand shock. Most of the countries responded by monetary expansion to tackle the global economic issue. In this study we aim to find the impacts of these economic policies during COVID 19 on global economy. Our sample includes 33 of OECD countries. We estimate the impact of monetary expansion on the real economy with a linear regression model. The results show that the monetary policy has positively and significantly impacted economic growth even after controlling for fiscal policies.
PENGARUH MEDIA KARTU DALAM LAYANAN KONSELING KELOMPOK UNTUK PENGENTASAN MASALAH SISWA

Dalam proses layanan konseling, ditemukan masih banyak siswa (klien) yang sulit dapat mengungkapkan masalah kepada konselor dalam mengatasi permasalahan secara mandiri. Karena itu penelitian ini dilaksanakan bertujuan Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media kartu dalam layanan konseling kelompok untuk mengatasi masalah siswa. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 10 siswa yang dipilih secara sampling kuota . Teknik pengumpulan data adalah angket. Teknik pengolahan data menggunakan Mann-Whitney U test . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa U ≤ U tabel (21,5 ≤ 23) dengan nilai α 0,05. Artinya terdapat perbedaan yang positif dan signifikan sebelum dan setelah diberikannya layanan konseling kelompok dengan menggunakan media kartu dalam mengentaskan masalah siswa. Adanya media kartu juga dapat meningkatkan aktifitas, minat dan motivasi siswa dalam layanan konseling kelompok. Dengan demikian hipotesis yang menyatakan bahwa layanan konseling kelompok dengan media kartu tersebut efektif dalam mengatasi masalah siswa dapat diterima.
In Silico Physicochemical Characterization of Fusion Proteins from Emerging Amazonian Arboviruses

Mayaro (MAYV), Saint Louis encephalitis (SLEV), and Oropouche (OROV) viruses are neglected members of the three main families of arboviruses with medical relevance that circulate in the Amazon region as etiological agents of outbreaks of febrile illnesses in humans. As enveloped viruses, MAYV, SLEV, and OROV largely depend on their class II fusion proteins (E1, E, and Gc, respectively) for entry into the host cell. Since many aspects of the structural biology of such proteins remain unclear, the present study aimed at physicochemically characterizing them by an in silico approach. The complete amino acid sequences of MAYV E1, SLEV E, and OROV Gc proteins derived by conceptual translation from annotated coding regions in the reference sequence genome of the respective viruses were obtained from the NCBI Protein database in the FASTA format and then submitted to the ClustalO, Protcalc, Pepstats, Predator, Proscan, PCprof, Phyre2, and 3Drefine web servers for the determination of sequence identities, the estimation of residual properties, the prediction of secondary structures, the identification of potential post-translational modifications, the recognition of antigenic propensities, and the modeling/refinement of three-dimensional structures. Sequence identities were 20.44%, 18.82%, and 13.70% between MAYV/SLEV, SLEV/OROV, and MAYV/OROV fusion proteins, respectively. As for the residual properties, MAYV E1 and SLEV E proteins showed a predominance of the non-polar profile (56% and 55% of the residues, respectively), whereas the OROV Gc protein showed a predominance of the polar profile (52% of the residues). Regarding predicted secondary structures, MAYV E1 and SLEV E proteins showed fewer alpha-helices (16.51% and 15.17%, respectively) than beta-sheets (21.79% and 25.15%, respectively), while the opposite was observed in the OROV Gc protein (20.39% alpha-helices and 12.14% beta-sheets). Regarding post-translational modifications, MAYV E1, SLEV E, and OROV Gc proteins showed greater relative potential for protein kinase C phosphorylation, N-myristoylation, and casein kinase II phosphorylation, respectively. Finally, antigenic propensities were higher in the N-terminus half than in the C-terminus half of these three proteins, whose three-dimensional structures revealed three distinctive domains. In conclusion, MAYV E1 and SLEV E proteins were found to share more physicochemical characteristics with each other than the OROV Gc protein, although they are all grouped under the same class of viral fusion proteins.
The Correlation of Knowledge and Duration of Illness Towards Self Management With Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Pan-demic Era of COVID-19

(1) Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that, if not treated trigger various disease, and also cause the severity of COVID-19 infection. People with DM need proper knowledge and management to improve the quality of life of patients during a pandemic and the treatment process will take a lifetime. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between knowledge and duration of illness on diabetes mellitus self-management; (2) Methods: The study's design is a correlational study with a cross-sectional approach, with a total sample of 138 respondents who were taken by convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using the diabetes knowledge questionnaire (DKQ-24), the COVID-19 knowledge questionnaire, and the diabetes self-management questionnaire (DSMQ); (3) Results: The Chi-Square statistical test analysis revealed a p-value of 0.00 relationship between knowledge and self-management; (4) Conclusions: There is a relationship between knowledge of diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 on self-management of diabetes mellitus, and there is no relationship between duration of illness and diabetes mellitus self-management during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Influence of different adhesion strategies on glass fiber post retention

Background Failures in glass fiber post (GFP) retention may be associated with low adhesion achieved in root dentin. Material and Methods 55 single-rooted premolars were endodontically treated and distributed according to different adhesion strategies (n=11): G1: RelyX ARC (3M ESPE; etch-rinse strategy); G2: Relyx Ultimate (3M ESPE; etch-rinse strategy); G3: AllCem (FGM; etch-rinse strategy); G4: Relyx Ultimate (3M ESPE; self-etching strategy); G5: RelyX U200 (3M ESPE; self-adhesive strategy). For Bonding Strength (BS) analysis, the roots were sectioned in slices (1.0mm thickness) corresponding to each root third and submitted to push-out test. The type of failure was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results The highest BS averages were found in G2 and G3. However, in the middle and apical root thirds, G3 showed statistically similar results to G4 and G5. In the cervical and middle third, G1 was statistically similar to G4 and G5. The mixed type of failure was the most common in all groups. Conclusions Self-etching (G4) and self-adhesive resin (G5) cements, showed similar BS results of immediate bonding in the cementation of GFP compared to conventional resin cements (G1, G2, G3). Key words:Dental Cements, Dentin-Bonding Agents, Post and Core Technique, Dental Bonding.
Analysis of Reports Sent to the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance System and Published Literature Regarding the Safety of Metformin in the Elderly

The first line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes is metformin. This study aims to investigate the safety profile of metformin and metformin combination medications in older adults using pharmacovigilance data. A literature search was used to identify published clinical studies reporting safety of metformin in older patients (age ≥ 65 years old), which were then thoroughly evaluated. Additionally, a deep analysis was performed, taking into account suspected adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports submitted to the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance System involving patients with 65 years old or older, with metformin or metformin combination as the suspected drug. The results suggest that metformin is safer when used in combination with other antidiabetics than when used in monotherapy. Metformin prolonged-release tablets have a lower incidence of adverse effects compared to treatment with immediate-release metformin tablets. The analysis of the reports showed that “gastrointestinal disorders” was one of the most common classes reported, and metformin alone was the drug most commonly associated with serious gastrointestinal reactions that resulted in hospitalization. In addition, it was the drug most commonly associated with the lactic acidosis ADR. Even though most ADRs in the reports were serious, the majority progressed to cure. According to the analysis performed, the results suggest that the patient’s renal function should be considered in order to prevent ADRs associated with metformin, such as lactic acidosis. Therefore, monitoring the safety profile of metformin remains essential to prevent serious ADRs.