Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trait mindfulness and personality characteristics in a microdosing ADHD sample: a naturalistic prospective survey study

Background Microdosing (MD), repeatedly taking psychedelics in small, non-hallucinogenic amounts, has been practiced by individuals to relieve attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Generally, adults diagnosed with ADHD have lower levels of mindfulness and differ in personality structure from non-ADHD adults. How MD affects mindfulness and personality in adults with ADHD remains unexplored. Aim This study aimed to investigate the effects of 4 weeks of MD on mindfulness and personality traits in adults diagnosed with ADHD and those experiencing severe ADHD symptoms. It was expected that mindfulness and the personality traits conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and openness would increase and neuroticism would decrease after 4 weeks of MD compared to baseline. It was explored if using conventional ADHD medication alongside MD and/or having comorbidities influenced MD-induced effects. Methods An online prospective naturalistic design was used to measure participants before MD initiation and 2 and 4 weeks later. Validated self-report measures were used assessing mindfulness (15-item Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire) and personality traits (10-item version of the Big Five Inventory) at three time points. Results The sample included n = 233, n = 66, and n = 44 participants at the three time points, respectively. Trait mindfulness, specifically description and non-judging of inner experience, was increased, and neuroticism was decreased after 4 weeks of MD compared to baseline. The remaining personality traits remained unchanged. Using conventional medication and/or having comorbid diagnoses did not change the MD-induced effects on mindfulness and personality traits after 4 weeks. Conclusion MD induced changes in otherwise stable traits. Future placebo-controlled studies are warranted to confirm whether these changes occur in a controlled setting.
Lagrangian Observations of the Circulation in the Northern Gulf of California

Abstract ARGOS drifters deployed in the Northern Gulf of California in September 1995 showed the presence of a cyclonic gyre, while a second deployment in March 1996 revealed an anticyclonic gyre. A circulation pattern consisting of a seasonally reversing gyre had been proposed before on the basis of satellite images, geostrophic calculations, and numerical models, but so far no direct observations have been made to test its existence. In September the gyre was cyclonic, baroclinic, very well defined, stable, and strong; its mean speed and rotation time were 0.3 m s−1 and ∼7 days. In March the gyre had the same mean speed, but it was anticyclonic and displaced to the northwest of the summer position. The March gyre has barotopic and baroclinic characteristics, but the observed speeds are stronger than in numerical simulations. These data and a data bank analysis suggest that the summer gyre is a persistent summer feature, but the winter–spring situation remains ill-defined and requires further research.
Predictors of audience engagement among Nigerian journalists

This paper examined the factors that predicted audience engagement in Nigeria. We surveyed 308 Nigerian journalists. Using the questionnaire as our research instrument, data gathered were analysed using frequency and percentage as well as linear and multiple regression analyses. The study was grounded in Bourdieu’s field theory. The results indicated a moderate relationship between the attitude of Nigerian journalists and audience engagement while a high correlation between Nigerian journalists’ role conception and audience engagement on social media was observed. The three hypotheses (the degree to which journalists’ attitude; role conception; and perceived audience rationality, and perceived audience interaction quality predicted audience engagement was significant) raised in the study were supported by our findings. Implications of this study were discussed in light of the objective of audience engagement.
Two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional computational models in hydrodynamic and morphodynamic reconstructions of a river bend: sensitivity and functionality

This study assesses hydrodynamic and morphodynamic model sensitivity and functionality in a curved channel. The sensitivity of a depth‐averaged model to user‐defined parameters (grain size, roughness, transverse bed slope effect, transport relations and secondary flow) is tested. According to the sensitivity analysis, grain size, transverse bed slope effect and sediment transport relations are critical to simulated meander bend morphodynamics. The parametrization of grain size has the most remarkable effect: field‐based grain size parametrization is necessary in a successful morphodynamic reconstruction of a meander bend. The roughness parametrization method affects the distribution of flow velocities and therefore also morphodynamics. The combined effect of various parameters needs further research. Two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) reconstructions of a natural meander bend during a flood event are assessed against field measurements of acoustic Doppler current profiler and multi‐temporal mobile laser scanning data. The depth‐averaged velocities are simulated satisfactorily (differences from acoustic Doppler current profiler velocities 5–14%) in both 2D and 3D simulations, but the advantage of the 3D hydrodynamic model is unquestionable because of its ability to model vertical and near‐bed flows. The measured and modelled near‐bed flow, however, differed notably from each other's, the reason of which was left open for future research. It was challenging to model flow direction beyond the apex. The 3D flow features, which also affected the distribution of the bed shear stress, seem not to have much effect on the predicted morphodynamics: the 2D and 3D morphodynamic reconstructions over the point bar resembled each other closely. Although common features between the modelled and measured morphological changes were also found, some specific changes that occurred were not evident in the simulation results. Our results show that short‐term, sub‐bend scale morphodynamic processes of a natural meander bend are challenging to model, which implies that they are affected by factors that have been neglected in the simulations. The modelling of short‐term morphodynamics in natural curved channel is a challenge that requires further study. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY OF THE BEIYA SKARN GOLD DEPOSIT IN YUNNAN, SOUTHWEST CHINA

The Beiya skarn gold deposit is located in the eastern Tethyan orogenic belt in western Yunnan province, China. It is one of the largest gold deposits in China, with significant amounts of silver and base metals. To the end of 2014, the estimated resources are 125 million tonnes (Mt) of ore, grading 2.42 g/t Au, 0.48 wt % Cu, 25.5 wt % Fe, 38.85 g/t Ag, 1.24 wt % Pb, and 0.53 wt % Zn. Skarn alteration and mineralization are related to shoshonitic quartz monzonite porphyries that were emplaced in Triassic carbonates (Beiya Formation). Re-Os dating on molybdenite from a skarn orebody indicates an ore-forming age of 36.82 ± 0.48 Ma, which is consistent with previous dating results of the quartz monzonite porphyries. At least two paragenetic stages of skarn minerals and associated sulfides were recognized, with the early stage typified by garnet ± pyroxene, magnetite, and calcite, and the late stage characterized by epidote, amphibole, chlorite, quartz, and calcite, containing up to 70% sulfides (pyrite, chalcopyrite, and minor pyrrhotite). The early skarn is dominated by anhydrous minerals, which were replaced by hydrous minerals formed during the late stage. The garnet in the Beiya deposit is andradite rich (Ad36–97Gr3–61), and pyroxene is relatively diopside rich (Di8–91Hd7–89). This mineral assemblage indicates an oxidized skarn system, similar to other Au-Cu, Fe-bearing skarn deposits around the world. Fluid inclusions from pyroxene indicate precipitation from high-temperature and high- to moderate-salinity fluids (420°–530°C, 11.1–43.3 wt % NaCl equiv), which probably results from boiling of a moderately saline magmatic fluid. Cooler (180°–365°C) and moderate- to low-salinity fluids (1.6–16.5 wt % NaCl equiv) were trapped in garnet and quartz and are interpreted to be responsible for gold deposition. Chlorite chemistry indicates ore-forming temperatures between 300° and 340°C, in agreement with fluid inclusion data. It appears that gold was transported as chloride complexes under oxidized conditions and was deposited at temperatures of about 300°C, when transport of chloride complexes as gold carriers was less efficient.
Pumping Test Analysis for a Tidally Forced Aquifer

The analysis of pumping test data for a shallow riverbank aquifer afforded the opportunity to compare standard methods for determining hydraulic conductivity (K) and storativity (S) with techniques based on the propagation of periodic fluctuations of head in the aquifer. Tidal fluctuations in water level at the riverbank were found to propagate approximately nondispersively for 200 m in the aquifer, allowing tidal phase lags and amplitude attenuations in the aquifer to be estimated from river levels by least‐squares techniques. The least‐squares attenuations and phases were used to correct measured pumping test drawdowns for tidal influences. Standard transient analyses of the corrected drawdowns were performed, yielding values of approximately 8 to 10 m/d for K and 0.002 for S. The low S value was taken to indicate semi‐confined conditions. The tidal attenuation coefficients were used to determine the hydraulic diffusivity T/S, providing values that were integrated over the distance from the riverbank to the relevant monitoring wells. S values from the drawdown analyses then yielded K estimates ranging from 3 to 7 m/d. A three‐dimensional finite‐element simulation of the pumping tests showed that the estimated K and S values yielded simulated drawdowns in reasonable agreement with field observations.
Teaching Experience and Self-Efficacy of Beginner Teachers in Mainstream Classroom

This research study explores the relationship between teaching experience and self-efficacy among beginner teachers in mainstream classrooms. The study employs a descriptive correlational design and focuses on 40 beginner teachers from the Municipality of Caraga, Davao Oriental. The study's results reveal that most participants are novice teachers, with limited representation of mid-career and veteran teachers. Despite this, their self-efficacy indicates that, on average, teachers perceive themselves as having a substantial influence on their classroom effectiveness. Teachers express high self-efficacy in fostering students' appreciation for learning, aligning with Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (1986). In terms of instructional practices, teachers maintain a moderate level of self-efficacy. While teachers express confidence in their ability to gauge student comprehension, they perceive limitations in providing alternative explanations during student confusion. Regarding classroom management, teachers possess moderate to high self-efficacy, indicating their belief in their capacity to manage student behavior effectively. However, they perceive some limitations in responding to defiant students. The study finds no statistically significant correlations between years in service and self-efficacy in student engagement, classroom management, or instructional strategies. This suggests that teaching experience alone does not strongly predict efficacy in these domains, highlighting the multifaceted nature of teacher effectiveness. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of teacher self-efficacy in mainstream classrooms and its complex relationship with teaching experience. It emphasizes the need for ongoing professional development and a commitment to pedagogical innovation to enhance teaching effectiveness.
Laboratory Study of Gas Permeability and Cleat Compressibility for CBM/ECBM in Chinese Coals

Coal permeability is regarded as one of the most critical parameters for the success of coalbed methane recovery. It is also a key parameter for enhanced coalbed methane recovery via CO2 and/or N2 injection. Coal permeability is sensitive to stress and cleat compressibility is often used to describe how sensitive the permeability change to stress change for coal reservoirs. Coalbed methane exploration and production activities and interest of enhanced coalbed methane recovery increased dramatically in China in recent years, however, how permeability and cleat compressibility change with respect to gas species, effective stress and pore pressure have not been well understood for Chinese coals, despite that they are the key parameters for primary and enhanced coalbed methane production. In this work, two dry Chinese bituminous coal samples from Qinshui Basin and Junggar Basin are studied. Four gases, including He, N2, CH4 and CO2 are used to study permeability behaviour with respect to different effective stresses, pore pressures, and temperatures. The effective stress is up to 5 MPa and pore pressure is up to 7 MPa. Permeability measurements are also carried out at highest pore pressures for each adsorbing gas, at three temperatures, 35, 40 and 45°C. The experimental results show that gas species, effective stress and pore pressure all have significant impact on permeability change for both coal samples. Moreover, the results demonstrate that cleat compressibility is strongly dependent on effective stress. More importantly, the results show that cleat compressibility is also strongly dependent on pore pressure. Cleat compressibility initially decreases with pore pressure increase then it increases slightly at higher pore pressures. However, temperature only has marginal impact on permeability and cleat compressibility change.
Analysis of Genotypic Diversity in Sesame Based on Morphological and Agronomic Traits

Sesame is known to be the most ancient oil seed crop dating back to 3050-3500 B.C (Bedigian and Harlan, 1986). It is grown in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. It can set seed and yield well under fairly high temperature it can grow in stored soil moisture without rainfall and irrigation. But continuous flooding or severe drought adversely affect sesame plants and resulted in low yield (Mensah et al., 2009). Another major cause of poor yield of sesame is due to low yielding cultivars. Development of improved plant cultivars is restricted by mainly limited genetic variability. Due to narrow genetic pool it is not possible to restructure the sesame crop. It has been suggested that sesame cultivation under such degradable condition has caused serious genetic erosion for yield, where selections within the local varieties fails to respond favorably to high input managements.
Indonesia Robusta Coffee Value Chain: Mapping and Upgrading Opportunities

Coffee, one of the agricultural commodities, aligns with specific relevant SDGs in addressing its sustainability challenges. This study aims to map and analyze the value chain to identify areas where upgrading interventions could be implemented to enhance the chain’s sustainability. This research was conducted in Bogor Regency, West Java, and Pagar Alam City, South Sumatra, in 2022. 112 farmers and 23 downstream actors participated in this study as respondents. The research utilized the qualitative descriptive method, incorporating the M4P (Making Markets Work for the Poor) approach, Ishikawa analysis, and Gereffi concept. The research discovered that a wide range of actors is involved in the chain, including small farmers, intermediaries traders, cooperative, processing industries, roasteries, retail, and coffee shops. The finding reveals robusta value chain includes several stages of transformation: input, production, processing, trading, roasting, and marketing. Four types of upgrading can be carried out. First, process upgrading by increasing productivity through implementing Good Agricultural Practices and improving post-harvest handling and processing that optimizes water usage and minimizes waste. Second, product upgrading involves product differentiation by producing red-picked green beans. Third, functional upgrading through coffee industrialization by enhancing partnerships in the production network. Fourth, inter-sectoral upgrading by finding new coffee markets. Implementing these interventions is expected to improve the sustainability of Indonesia robusta coffee value chain.
Niosomal Delivery of Celecoxib and Metformin for Targeted Breast Cancer Treatment

Simple Summary This study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of combining Metformin (MET) and Celecoxib (CXB) in the treatment of breast cancer. Niosomes, which are drug carriers, were prepared using the thin-film hydration technique. These niosomes were characterized and found to have stable properties when stored at 4 °C for three months. The encapsulated drugs in the niosomes showed increased cytotoxicity compared to their free drug counterparts in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional viability assays. The combination of Metformin Niosomal Particles (MET NPs) and Celecoxib Niosomal Particles (CXB NPs) also led to decreased cell viability in both models. However, the efficacy of the niosomes’ combination was not superior to that of the free drug combination in preventing cell migration. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential application of combining MET and CXB nanoparticle delivery systems for breast cancer treatment. Abstract Breast cancer continues to be a prominent worldwide health concern and requires continued investigation into innovative therapeutic approaches. Here, we report the first investigation into the therapeutic efficacy of combining Metformin (MET) and Celecoxib (CXB), both in free and niosomal form, for the treatment of breast cancer. Our investigation encompassed the characterization of these niosomal drug carriers, their stability assessment, and their effect on breast cancer cell models. The thin-film hydration technique was employed to prepare niosomes with spherical, uniform-size distributions and high encapsulation efficiencies. The niosomes were characterized by TEM, particle size analyzer, and ATR-FTIR. The niosomes with an average size of 110.6 ± 0.6 and 96.7 ± 0.7, respectively, for MET and CXB were stable when stored at 4 °C for three months with minimal drug leakage, minor changes in encapsulation efficiency and size, and unchanged physicochemical parameters. Evaluation in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) viability assays demonstrated an increased cytotoxicity of encapsulated drugs when compared to their free-drug counterparts. Additionally, the combination of Metformin Niosomal Particles (MET NPs) and Celecoxib Niosomal Particles (CXB NPs) led to decreased cell viability in both 2D and 3D models compared to each drug administered individually. When comparing the effect of the niosomal versus the free combination of the drugs on cell migration, we found that both interventions effectively prevented cell migration. However, the efficacy of the niosomes’ combination was not superior to that of the free drug combination (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study provide valuable insights into the potential application of combining MET and CXB nanoparticle delivery systems to breast cancer treatment. Exploring the in vivo application of this drug delivery system could open new avenues for more effective and targeted therapeutic approaches for breast cancer patients.
Aromatherapy Massage of Lemongrass, Kaffir Lime, and Lemon to Increase Appetite, IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1) Levels, Body Weight, and Height In Stunted Toddler

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem caused by malnutrition over a long period of time, resulting in children becoming short. Stunting is not only a problem of impaired physical growth, but also causes children to become easily sick, impaired brain development and intelligence, so stunting is a major threat to the quality of human resources in Indonesia. Indonesia's stunting prevalence is 24.4% in 2021, based on the results of the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) by the Ministry of Health. This figure is quite high and still above the standard tolerated by WHO, which is below 20%. For this reason, efforts are needed to reduce stunting rates with aromatherapy footing. The study aims to analyze the effect of aromatherapy massage on appetite, IGF-1 levels, body weight, and height in stunted toddlers. The research design used was pretest-postest with control group design. The number of samples in this study was 32 subjects, which were divided into two groups, 16 subjects in the intervention group were given aromatherapy massage 3 times a week with a duration of 15 minutes for 8 weeks and the control group was given standard care for stunting toddlers given PMT biscuits. The probability sampling technique is simple random sampling. The data studied were appetite, IGF-1 levels, body weight, and height of stunted toddlers. Data analysis using Wilcoxon Test, Man Wihtney Test, Paired T-test, and Independent T-test. The results show there were differences between before and after aromatherapy massage in the intervention group on appetite (P = 0.001), IGF-1 levels (P = 0.000), body weight (P = 0.000), and height (P = 0.000). Aromatherapy massage 3 times a week for a duration of 15 minutes for 8 weeks is effective in increasing appetite, IGF-1 levels, weight, and height of stunted toddlers.
Paleomagnetic Constraint on the Age of the Shyok Suture Zone

The India‐Eurasia collision is a key case study for understanding the influence of plate tectonic processes on Earth's crust, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. However, the timing of the final India‐Eurasia continental collision is debated due to significant uncertainty in the age of the collision between the Kohistan‐Ladakh arc (KLA) and Eurasia along the Shyok suture zone. Here we present paleomagnetic results that constrain the Karakoram terrane in northwest India to a paleolatitude of 19.9 ± 8.9°N between 93 and 75 million years ago (Ma). Our results show that the Karakoram terrane was situated on the southern margin of Eurasia in the Late‐Cretaceous. Our results indicate that the KLA and Eurasian continent had a not converged until <61.6 Ma, placing a Paleocene older limit on the age of final closure of the Shyok suture zone. This suggests that the India‐Eurasia collision in northwestern India likely occurred after the closure of the oceanic basin between the KLA and Eurasia. The Paleocene collision event affecting India that has been widely interpreted to represent final India‐Eurasia collision instead records the arc‐continent collision between the KLA and the northern edge of India prior to final India‐Eurasia collision. Final India‐Eurasia collision in northwest India most likely occurred after the closure of the oceanic basin between the KLA and Eurasia.