Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Neurosubtypes in Autism

There is a general consensus that substantial heterogeneity underlies the neurobiology in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As such, it has become increasingly clear that a dissection of variation at the molecular-, cellular-, and system-level domains is a prerequisite for identifying biomarkers and developing more targeted therapeutic strategies in ASD. Advances in neuroimaging approaches to characterizing atypical brain patterns have recently motivated their application as viable tools to delineate more homogenous ASD subgroups at the level of brain structure and function - i.e., neurosubtyping. This review assesses and critically discusses the current data-driven neurosubtyping in ASD. It breaks this pursuit into key methodological steps: the selection of diagnostic samples, neuroimaging features, algorithm and validation approaches. For each step, we appraise the current literature in terms of progress, as well as remaining challenges and potential solutions. Convergence across findings is discussed and biological implications are highlighted. Although preliminary and with limited methodological overlap, results from this literature illustrate the feasibility of neurosubtyping. Across studies, there is general agreement that distinct neurosubtypes exist, but the exact number and their definitions vary depending on the specific features and approach utilized in a given study. Results also suggest the utility of subtypes in predicting symptom severity and diagnostic labels above and beyond group-average comparison designs. This review concludes with a discussion of future avenues towards a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying ASD heterogeneity.
AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRIVATE VEHICLE INSPECTION PROCESS IN THAILAND

Traffic accidents are a leading cause of deaths in Thailand. Over the last three years, some 13,000 human lives have been lost annually as a result of road accidents. Losses in terms of economic, social and public health costs have risen over 100 billion baht (US$2,500) during the period (Police Lieutenant Colonel Dr. Thaksin Shinawatra Thai Prime Minister, WHO 2004). Traffic accidents can be viewed as a chain of events involving the failure of one or more of the following factors: the road user, the vehicle and the road. Research on traffic accidents in the USA and United Kingdom has shown that one of the significant factors causing road crashes was vehicle defects; this factor contributes 12% and 8% respectively to motor accidents in the two countries (Ogden 1996). The statistics for Thailand showed that vehicle defects accounted for some 27.54% of road accidents (OCMLT 2002). In view of the foregoing findings, inspecting vehicles to guard against vehicle defects can be an effective and proactive measure to help prevent road crashes. This study describes the result of an evaluation of vehicle inspection effectiveness in Thailand. The study aims to identify ways of improving the vehicle inspection process currently in use in the country.
Hydrodynamic performance study of two side-by-side barges

Recently, hydrodynamic interaction between two vessels in a side-by-side configuration has become a research focus. Because of the interaction of multiple bodies, the fluid movement and responses of the vessels are complex. First, the hydrodynamic performances of two identical barges in close proximity in a side-by-side configuration are numerically investigated with a wave elevation in between the barges. Second, corresponding experiments are carried out to validate the numerical results, and comparison of the experimental and calculation results shows that the numerical calculation accurately predicts the resonance period despite a difference in the peak values. Both fixed barges and barges undergoing constrained motions are also compared with free-floating barges to illustrate the influence of motion on the wave elevation and resonance phenomena. Sensitivity analyses of the gap width, barge length, barge breadth, and draft are performed, revealing that the resonant wavelength increases with increasing gap width or barge dimensions.
Enhancement and reconstruction of thermographic NDT data

Visualization and analysis of pulsed thermographic data for NDT has generally been based on simple image averaging, subtraction or slope operations. Quantitative contrast methods, based on comparison to a defect free reference point or region, have also been used to a lesser extent. Despite their widespread use, all of these methods are highly susceptible to noise, nonlinearity of the IR camera response, and the presence of surface features on the sample. More importantly, the ability of any of these methods to significantly improve the ability to retrieve deep or weak subsurface features beyond the original unmodified image is limited. In a previous paper, we introduced the concept of Thermographic Signal Reconstruction (TSR) as a means of enhancing defect to background contrast while reducing the amount of data that must be stored by an order of magnitude. The TSR method increases the depth range over which pulsed thermography can be applied, and also reduces the amount of blurring due to lateral diffusion that is typical of thermographic imaging. In this paper we compare TSR with conventional thermographic approaches and consider the mechanisms for the resulting performance improvements.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA YANG DIMEDIASI OLEH MOTIVASI KERJA KARYAWAN ROCKY PLAZA HOTEL PADANG

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan yang dimediasi oleh motivasi kerja. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan cara random sampling yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak sederhana. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 55 karyawan. Dalam penelitian ini, ketiga variabel tersebut dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana melalui uji signifikansi dengan program SPSS. Objek penelitian ini adalah sebagian karyawan Rocky Plaza Hotel padang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan Rocky Plaza Hotel Padang, dengan demikian hipotesis 1 didukung. Lingkungan kerja berpengaruh terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan Rocky Plaza Hotel Padang, dengan demikian hipotesis 2 didukung. Adapula motivasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan Rocky Plaza Hotel Padang, dengan demikian hipotesis 3 didukung. Selain itu, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja yang dimediasi oleh motivasi kerja karyawan Roacky Plaza Hotel Padang, dengan demikian hipotesis 4 didukung.
Allelopathic Effects of Imperata Cylindrica Aqueous Extract on the Germination of Cucumis Sativus and Lolium Perenne

In this study, the allelopathic effect of Imperata cylindrica has been investigated. Aqueous extracts of Imperata cylindrica were tested at concentrations of 31.25, 62.5, and 125 mg/ml to study different parameters on Cucumis sativus and Lolium perenne. Various factors were studied to determine the inhibition and growth of root and shoot length, percentage germination, and fresh and dry weight. Results indicated that the aqeous extract of Imperata cylindrica contain allelochemicals which may contribute to its invasiveness and extreme competitiveness. The results of this study show that Imperata cylindrica contains allelochemical compounds particularly in root and shoot extracts that might be the potential candidates for future investigations for the development of herbicides based on its secondary metabolites and their allelopathic inhibitory effects. Further research is needed to investigate the allelopathic effect of Imperata cylindrical aqueous extracts under field conditions against the associated weed species and elucidation of the mechanism of inhibition involved
Human Factor in Equipment Safety of Hard Disk Manufacturing

The focus of this paper is on the human factors aspect of equipment safety focusing on process hazard analysis and safety programs. The objectives of this study are to determine the level of awareness, involvement and perceptions on occupational safety and health among workers. These are accomplished by conducting a survey using questionnaire and interviews involving 98 respondents in two hard disk manufacturing companies. Majority of the respondents were executives with high academic qualifications and possessed high level of safety awareness. The results conclude that despite the existence of various legislations, human factors and its interactions with facilities and management system is the main contributor to incidents. It is also found that most of the incidents involved power driven machineries. For the improvement of equipment safety, it is recommended that Process Hazard Analysis techniques be used to play significant role, along with both engineering and administrative control measures and safety programs.
A new leadframe design solution for improved pop-corn cracking performance

The transition from through-hole packages to plastic surface mount packages has witnessed the emergence of pop-corn cracking phenomenon. Despite recent improvements in packaging materials, package designs and manufacturing technologies, the pop-corn problem is still widespread throughout the semiconductor industry. This paper reports the findings of a new leadframe design as one of the synergistic factors towards improving pop-corn performance of plastic packages. The test package was a 28/spl times/28/spl times/2.4 mm moisture sensitive 144L Quad Flat Pack (QFP) employing copper-alloy as a leadframe material. The effect of plasma cleaning on the new leadframe design was investigated for improved pop-corn performance. An atomic force microscope (AFM) and contact angle method were used to characterise surfaces of leadframe and chip backside in the uncleaned acid plasma cleaned surfaces. Finite element analysis revealed that stresses in the die-attach layer can be significantly reduced by up to 70% in the new leadframe design. Compared to standard leadframe design, package measurements showed that the warpage values were 47% lower in packages assembled with the new leadframe design. Thermal performance of package was characterised by thermal resistance (O/sub JA/) measurements. The measured O/sub JA/ was similar for both standard and new leadframe designs at about 31 K/W for large chip size (12/spl times/12 mm/sup 2/). Decreasing the chip size to 8/spl times/8 mm/sup 2/ has the effect of increasing O/sub JA/ by 8% to 35 K/W for standard designs and 36% to 42 K/W for new leadframe designs. Furthermore, results showed that delamination at the interface of die-pad/moulding compound and chip backside/moulding compound after temperature cycling, pressure cooker and AE3 test were substantially reduced and/or prevented. More importantly, by simply substituting the standard leadframe design with the new leadframe design, packages can achieve IPC level 3 moisture sensitive classification with or without plasma cleaning.
Coastal Ro-Ro freight ferry services: An alternative to trunk road haulage in the UK?

There has been much discussion concerning ways in which road freight might be transferred to rail. This discussion has tended to ignore sea transport, often because shipping is viewed as being slow, inexpensive and generally appropriate for only low value non time-sensitive goods. The aim of this paper is to establish what sea transport system between Scotland and England, especially in terms of service specification, would need to be provided if a maritime option was to be competitive with road transport. Analysis of a recently introduced coastal freight ferry service in Italy provides some idea of what makes the maritime alternative competitive and attractive to users. Interviews with potential users of such a service in the UK gives some insight into their views and perceptions of coastal shipping. More importantly, their views serve to illustrate what any maritime alternative would need to offer in order to have any chance of success. Given current road freight traffic volumes, three potential freight ferry routes between Scotland and England are identified. However, it is argued that only sophisticated high-speed freight ferries would be able to complete with current road transport services. High-speed freight ferries could offer the same price and transit time as road haulage. However, such a revolutionary transport alternative may still have difficulty in combating what is a very road-oriented industry, although measures to increase the relative costs of long distance road transport would undoubtedly aid any modal shift from road to sea.
Impact of distributed generation allocation and sizing on reliability, losses and voltage profile

This work presents a methodology for evaluating the impact of DG units installation on electric losses, reliability and voltage profile of distribution networks. The losses and voltage profile evaluation is based on a power flow method with the representation of generators as PV buses. The reliability indices evaluation is based on analytic methods modified to handle multiple generations. The methodology may be used to evaluate the influence of the local of installation and the capacity of DG on these system performance characteristics for different generation expansion planning alternatives. The results obtained with the proposed methodology for systems extracted from the literature demonstrates its applicability.
Status Report on the Second Round of the NIST Lightweight Cryptography Standardization Process

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) initiated a public standardization process to select one or more Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) and hashing schemes suitable for constrained environments. In February 2019, 57 candidates were submitted to NIST for consideration. Among these, 56 were accepted as firstround candidates in April 2019. After four months, NIST selected 32 of the candidates for the second round. In March 2021, NIST announced 10 finalists to move forward to the final round of the selection process. The finalists are ASCON, Elephant, GIFT-COFB, Grain-128AEAD, ISAP, PHOTON-Beetle, Romulus, SPARKLE, TinyJAMBU, and Xoodyak. This report describes the evaluation criteria and selection process, which is based on public feedback and internal review of the second-round candidates.
Distributed event-control for deadlock avoidance in automated manufacturing systems

This paper develops a decentralized event-control strategy to avoid deadlock in automated manufacturing systems. On the basis of the characteristics of the part mix that is currently active, the system is partitioned in subsystems that can be controlled locally and independently using graph-theoretic tools. The controller of each subsystem can be chosen as the best compromise between computational costs and flexibility in resource allocation and depending on the particular layout of the subsystem. The decentralized scheme allows the overall system to improve its flexibility and guarantee good performance measures. The approach is particularly suitable for cellular manufacturing systems that do not exclude intercell flow. In this case the method determines the cells that can be controlled independently and the ones that must be controlled jointly. A case study performed by discrete-event simulation confirms the efficiency of the proposed methodology.
Modeling of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Liquid Sloshing in Road Tanks while Braking

Finite element modeling of the Newtonian and non Newtonian liquids oscillations in the cylindrical transport reservoir at its braking was performed. The peculiarities of the Newtonian, Ostwald de Waele and Bingham models of liquid sloshing in tank with internal perforated baffles and without them were analyzed. There were obtained the dependences of hydrodynamic pressures and liquid energy dissipation for Newtonian and non Newtonian liquids considering the different filling level of the reservoir.
Application of an inverse input/output mapped ANN as a power system stabilizer

An artificial neural network (ANN), trained as an inverse of the controlled plant, to function as a power system stabilizer (PSS) is presented in this paper. In order to make the proposed ANN PSS work properly, it was trained over the full working range of the generating unit with a large variety of disturbances. Data used to train the ANN PSS consisted of the control input and the synchronous machine response with an adaptive PSS (APSS) controlling the generator. During training, the ANN was required to memorize the reverse input/output mapping of the synchronous machine. After the training, the output of the synchronous machine was applied as the input of the ANN PSS and the output of the ANN PSS was used as the control signal. Simulation results show that the proposed ANN PSS can provide good damping of the power system over a wide operating range and significantly improve the system performance. >
Finite-Element Modeling of the Nonlinear Behavior of Bolted T-Stub Connections

This paper describes a finite element model for the characterization of the nonlinear behavior of bolted T-stub connections that idealize the tension zone of bolted joints. Two different types of T-stub elements are considered: rolled profiles that are cut along the web, and two plates, flange and web, that are welded in a T shape by means of a continuous fillet weld. The results of existing experimental work are used to calibrate the models. It is found that the numerical approach allows the quantitative actual response to be accurately reproduced. In the case of welded T-stubs, the differences between the numerical model and the experiments are greater due to the effects of residual stresses and modified mechanical properties close to the weld toe, which are not easy to quantify. A parametric study is also undertaken to provide insight into the overall behavior, failure modes, and deformation capacity of the various specimens. A proposal for prediction of failure criteria of these simple connections is also presented and discussed.
Multi Agent/Object Simulation in Human Swimming

In human swimming, there are many situations in which the target of the analysis is not only the swimmer but also other swimmers or other equipment, such as synchronized swimming by multiple swimmers, swimming with fins, and so on. The objective of this study was to extend the swimming human simulation model SWUM so that it could handle the dynamic behavior of multiple rigid bodies and could freely describe the mechanical interactions among the rigid bodies. In this paper, the outline of SWUM is described first. The extension to the multi agent/object simulation and its implementation are explained next. Finally, its validity and usefulness are examined by discussing three examples of analysis. The first example was synchronized swimming by three swimmers. From the simulation results, it was found that the three swimmers gradually gathered, and finally the swimmers' upper limbs stably formed a hexagon. The second example was monofin swimming. The monofin was divided into five rigid plates in this simulation in order to represent its elastic deformation. From the simulation results, it was found that the swimmer accelerated at the moments of downward and upward kicks. The third example was the shooting motion in water polo. From the simulation results, it was found that the ball was smoothly released and flew in an appropriate direction. Since reasonable results were obtained in these examples of analysis, the validity and usefulness of the extension were confirmed.
Leak detection in branched pipe systems coupling wavelet analysis and a Lagrangian model.

Transient analysis of pressurized pipe systems yields useful information regarding the actual state in an effective and rapid manner and then it can be used for the diagnosis of the system. Besides the framework of the inverse problem solution, transient based leak detection can also focus on the modalities with which pressure waves generated by a known manoeuvre travel through a system. This latter approach has been successfully applied by several authors to simple systems, usually comprising a single pipe with a constant head reservoir and a valve at the end section. The present work extends this approach to more complex systems, that is, those with at least one junction. To accomplish this, the pressure signal is analysed using wavelet analysis, a technique which has produced encouraging results. Moreover, the analysis of the pressure signals is generalized by means of a Lagrangian model, which directly simulates the pressure waves' generations and movements in the system. Coupling wavelet analysis with the Lagrangian model allows us to associate singularities pointed out in pressure signals to singularities in the system. In order to better ascertain the applicability of the method, tests were carried out on both a laboratory installation and a real system.
Fuzzy TOPSIS approach for failure mode, effects and criticality analysis

In this paper, an alternative multi‐attribute decision‐making approach for prioritizing failures in failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) is presented. The technique is specifically intended to overcome some of the limitations concerning the use of the conventional US MIL‐STD‐1629A method. The approach is based on a fuzzy version of the ‘technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution’ (TOPSIS). The use of fuzzy logic theory allows one to avoid the intrinsic difficulty encountered in assessing ‘crisp’ values in terms of the three FMECA parameters, namely chance of failure, chance of non‐detection, and severity. With the proposed approach, the definition of a knowledge base supported by several qualitative rule bases is no longer required. To solve the fundamental question of ranking the final fuzzy criticality value, a particular method of classification is adopted, allowing a fast and efficient sorting of the final outcome. An application to an important Italian domestic appliance manufacturer and a comparison with conventional FMECA are reported to demonstrate the characteristics of the proposed method. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the fuzzy judgement weights has confirmed that the proposed approach gives a reasonable and robust final priority ranking of the different causes of failure. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structurally Graded Monolithic Piezoelectric Actuators, Modeling and Optimization with FEM

In this work, novel structurally graded piezoelectric disc actuators are proposed. The monolithic gradient actuators had nonuniform thickness profiles, which caused distribution of the electric field and resulted in bending of the discs. The geometry and clamping conditions of the actuators were varied and the displacement properties were optimized using ATILA and Comsol Multiphysics finite element modeling (FEM) softwares. The material parameters of commercial PZT-5H were used in the modeling of the actuators — 25 mm in diameter with an original thickness of 0.5mm. Additional steel layers with different thicknesses were introduced under the actuators in `unimorph-fashion' in order to study their effect on the displacements and stresses of the actuators. The modeling results showed that the bending of the monolithic actuators could be realized without any additional passive layers and also that the utilization of clamping further improved the displacement capabilities. For example, ~53 μm axial displacements were enabled with a 1 V/μm electric field (corresponding to the thinnest part of the actuator) without any passive layers. The modeled displacement results were comparable to displacements obtained by pre-stressed PRESTO (~50 μm), THUNDER (~60 μm) and RAINBOW (~70 μm) actuators of 25 mm in diameter with a 1 V/μm electric field.