Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phase behavior and rheological properties of basil seed gum/whey protein isolate mixed dispersions and gels

Abstract Many food formulations comprise proteins and polysaccharides simultaneously, contributing in the functional properties in food systems. In this study, the effects of basil seed gum (BSG) addition to whey protein isolate (WPI) dispersions were investigated through phase behavior, steady shear flow, and small amplitude oscillatory shear tests (SAOS). The phase behavior of WPI‐BSG mixed solutions was dependent on the initial concentration of biopolymers, while the effect of BSG was predominant. Herschel–Bulkley model characterized the flow behavior of ternary mixtures, very well. Furthermore, apparent viscosity, the extent of thixotropy and viscoelastic behavior enhanced with increase in BSG concentration, significantly (p ˂ .05). Temperature sweep measurements showed a reduction in WPI gelling temperature by increase in BSG concentration. SEM results depending on BSG concentration revealed the protein continuous, bicontinuous, and polysaccharide continuous networks. Phase separation may be attributed to depletion flocculation and thermodynamic incompatibility of WPI and BSG molecules. The results confirmed the occurrence of phase separation and weak‐gel formation through mixtures, but the rate of gelation was more than the phase separation. In consequence, these results may open up new horizons in developing novel food products and delivery systems as well as utilizing as emulsifying, thickening and gelling agents in food and pharmaceutical industry.
Association between maternal folate status and gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract Studies on the association between maternal folate status and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have yielded inconsistent results. This meta‐analysis was performed to determine whether there may exist some association between maternal folate status and GDM. Unrestricted searches of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase were conducted. All relevant studies on the association between maternal folat status and GDM risk were screened. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% CIs was used to determine the association between maternal folate and GDM. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random‐effects models to assess the impact of maternal folate status on GDM risk. 12 studies were included. The overall data revealed that compared with the non‐GDM group, women with GDM had higher level of folate (SMD 0.41, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.21, I2 = 17.2%) in second or third trimester. We also found that maternal high folate status may be associated with increased risk of GDM (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.74, I2 = 0.0%). Compared with non‐GDM group, women with GDM are prone to higher folate level. Moreover, high maternal folate status may predict a higher risk of GDM. As the number of included studies was limited, further large population studies are needed in the future.
Minimal intervention in dentistry: which is the best approach for silorane composite restoration repairs?

Background This study aimed to evaluate surface treatments, adhesives and composites for repairing silorane based restorations. Material and Methods One hundred and twenty truncated cones (2 mm smaller diameter and 4 mm larger diameter) made of silorane composite were divided in 12 groups according with the surface treatment (diamond bur and oxide aluminum abrasion), the adhesive (Adper Scothbond Multipurpose (3M ESPE), Ecusit (Voco) and Filtek P90 Adhesive (3M ESPE)). Each group was subdivided in two according with the composite used for repair (methacrylate and silorane). The repair was made with a second truncated cone build over the first one and bond strength assssed by tensile strength. Data were submitted to ANOVA 3-way and Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Results There was difference only for the adhesives and the composites, with conventional adhesives (Adper Scothbond Mutipurpose) and methacrylate-based composites (Filtek Z350) presenting superior tensile strength compared to the silorane ones (P90 Adhesive system and composite). Conclusions Therefore, it must be concluded that silorane composite can be repaired with methacrylate base composites and adhesives. Key words:Silorane composites, composites, bond strength, minimal intervention.
Modeling the demography of species providing extended parental care: A capture–recapture multievent model with a case study on polar bears (Ursus maritimus)

Abstract In species providing extended parental care, one or both parents care for altricial young over a period including more than one breeding season. We expect large parental investment and long‐term dependency within family units to cause high variability in life trajectories among individuals with complex consequences at the population level. So far, models for estimating demographic parameters in free‐ranging animal populations mostly ignore extended parental care, thereby limiting our understanding of its consequences on parents and offspring life histories. We designed a capture–recapture multievent model for studying the demography of species providing extended parental care. It handles statistical multiple‐year dependency among individual demographic parameters grouped within family units, variable litter size, and uncertainty on the timing at offspring independence. It allows for the evaluation of trade‐offs among demographic parameters, the influence of past reproductive history on the caring parent's survival status, breeding probability, and litter size probability, while accounting for imperfect detection of family units. We assess the model performance using simulated data and illustrate its use with a long‐term dataset collected on the Svalbard polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Our model performed well in terms of bias and mean square error and in estimating demographic parameters in all simulated scenarios, both when offspring departure probability from the family unit occurred at a constant rate or varied during the field season depending on the date of capture. For the polar bear case study, we provide estimates of adult and dependent offspring survival rates, breeding probability, and litter size probability. Results showed that the outcome of the previous reproduction influenced breeding probability. Overall, our results show the importance of accounting for i) the multiple‐year statistical dependency within family units, ii) uncertainty on the timing at offspring independence, and iii) past reproductive history of the caring parent. If ignored, estimates obtained for breeding probability, litter size, and survival can be biased. This is of interest in terms of conservation because species providing extended parental care are often long‐living mammals vulnerable or threatened with extinction.
Rheumatoid arthritis associated with the occurrence, severity and extension of periodontitis: A case-control study

Background Emerging evidence pointed to a potential association between periodontitis (PE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), based on shared characteristics and similarities in risk factors, immunogenetics and pathways of tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association between RA and PE, as well as the influence of risk variables in this association. Material and Methods The present case-control study comprised 471 individuals (157 cases with RA and 314 controls) that underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination. The association between risk variables and the occurrence of AR and PE were evaluated through univariate and multivariate logistic analysis. Results Higher frequency (p<0.001), severity (p=0.006) and extension (p=0.018) of PE was observed among the cases when compared to controls. Variables retained in the final multivariate models for the occurrence of PE were: lower number of teeth, smoking, no use of dental floss, ≥4 daily toothbrushing and RA; for the occurrence of RA were: higher age, female gender, smoking, alcohol use and PE. It is important to stress that RA (OR=2.53; 95%CI 1.24–3.86; p<0.001) was retained in the model for PE, and PE (OR=3.12; 95%CI 1.47–4.26; p<0.001) was retained in the model for RA. Conclusions The present study demonstrated a high frequency of PE among individuals with RA and an important association among the occurrence, severity and extension of PE and RA and smoking. Key words:Case-control study, risk factors, periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis.
Fragmentation of Ventricular Extrasystoles: A Potential New Electrocardiographic Window to Uncover Patients at Risk

Fragmented QRS (fQRS) is a marker of conduction block due to myocardial scar that presents in electrocardiography (ECG) as an additional one or more R wave (R’) or notching in the S wave nadir in contiguous leads. However, fQRS description on premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) has not been previously described. We describe a case of a 67-year-old male with a past medical history of prediabetes, hypertension and coronary artery disease who presented after an ophthalmic procedure with asymptomatic PVCs and episodes of bigeminy. Initial ECG showed an isolated fQRS in V2. However, during PVCs significant extrasystoles fragmentation was seen in other coronary territories. Upon reviewing his most recent cardiac catheterization, it showed a 40% ostial and 70% distal left anterior descending stenosis with a mid-segment patent stent, 95% first diagonal stenosis and totally occluded proximal right coronary artery. Identification of diffuse fQRS known to be associated with myocardial scar, sustained arrhythmic events and sudden cardiac death, particularly when seen in the inferior leads, became extremely relevant in our patient. We noted that ejection fraction reduction from 52% to 34% on his last coronary intervention was crucial to decide if an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator would be needed. PVC fragmentation might be a new ECG marker that could uncover both scar and arrhythmia potential in patients at risk of adverse cardiac events.
Kinematic and Kinetic Predictors of Y-Balance Test Performance

Background The Y-Balance Test (YBT) assesses dynamic stability and neuromuscular control of the lower extremity. Several authors have analyzed kinematic predictors of YBT performance with conflicting results, but the influence of kinetic factors is not well understood. Purpose To examine kinematic predictors of YBT performance and determine the joint kinetics which predict YBT performance. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Methods Thirty-one physically active individuals performed YBT trials on a force plate while whole body kinematics were recorded using a motion capture system. Sagittal, frontal, and transverse plane joint kinematics and joint moments were calculated at maximum reach in each YBT reach direction. Variables correlated with reach distances at the p < 0.2 level were entered into a stepwise linear regression. Results In the anterior direction, knee flexion and torso rotation (R2=0.458, p<0.001) and knee extensor and hip abductor moments (R2=0.461, p<0.001) were the best kinematic and kinetic predictors of reach distance. In the posterior medial direction, hip flexion, ankle dorsiflexion, and ankle rotation accounted for 45.8% of the variance in reach direction (p<0.001) while hip and knee extensor, and hip abductor moments explained 72.6% of the variance in reach distance (p<0.001). In the posterior lateral direction, hip flexion and pelvic rotation (R2=0.696, p<.001) and hip extensor moments (R2=0.433, p=0.001) were the best kinematic and kinetic predictors of reach distance. Conclusion The ability to generate large hip and knee joint moments in the sagittal and frontal plane are critical for YBT performance. Level of Evidence 3.
Adapting the determinants of implementation behavior questionnaire to evaluate implementation of a structured low back pain programme using mixed‐methods

Best‐practice low back pain (LBP) primary care programmes have been developed based on evidence‐based clinical guidelines and implemented in Sweden and Denmark. The theoretical domains framework (TDF) was utilized in the design of the implementation strategy. Based on the TDF domains, the Determinants of Implementation Behavior Questionnaire (DIBQ) has been developed to evaluate implementation determinants, but its feasibility and validity need to be tested and adapted to study specific contexts. This study aimed to tailor the DIBQ for evaluation of implementation for LBP primary care programmes. The objectives were to (a) translate the DIBQ into Swedish and Danish, (b) adapt the DIBQ into DIBQ‐tailored (DIBQ‐t) to study content validity, (c) test the DIBQ‐t for feasibility, and (d) perform validity testing of DIBQ‐t.
Production and characterization of soft Sardaigne‐type cheese by using almond gum as a functional additive

Abstract The effect of almond gum (AG), as natural polysaccharide with high nutritional value and important functional properties, on physicochemical and textural characteristics of Sardaigne‐type cheese was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) using Box–Behnken design was applied to determine optimal levels of three selected processing variables such as coagulation temperature (25–45°C), stirring period (20–30 min), and AG concentration (0.25%–0.75%). A 3‐level factorial design was employed to evaluate physicochemical and rheological responses of Sardaigne‐type cheese with AG added. The P‐values of ANOVA indicated that the processing variables selected have significantly affected dry matter content (p = .002), cheese yield (p = .0172), syneresis level (p = .0135), hardness (p = .0103), and adhesiveness (p = .0410). However, pH, cohesiveness, and elasticity are not affected by the selected processing variables. Predictive regression equations with a high coefficient of (R 2 ≥ .686) determination are constructed. The addition of AG owing to its water retention property has improved yield cheese as well moisture level. Therefore, this additional moisture in Sardaigne‐type cheese will be responsible for softer and smoother textural. Indeed, fivefold drop of adhesiveness and fourfold reduction of hardness are observed in cheese formulated with AG at 0.75% and in same temperature and stirring period conditions that commercial cheese. RSM analysis showed that optimum levels of processing variables are reached at AG concentration of 0.57% (w/v), coagulation temperature of 42.57°C, and stirring period of 20 min. Results of sensory properties showed that AG incorporation in Sardaigne‐type cheese does not have an adverse impact on organoleptically characteristics and overall acceptability of product was better than commercial cheese.
Narrative Review of Clinical Productivity and Teaching in Emergency Medicine

Emergency medicine educators are subject to external pressures to increase clinical productivity while maintaining quality teaching. Strategies to mitigate this perceived conflict include alterations in staffing and incentive compensation with educational value units. There is a paucity of information describing the effect of clinical demands on teaching metrics in emergency medicine. We performed a narrative review of the literature describing the relationship between clinical productivity and teaching evaluations of emergency medicine faculty and residents. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles describing emergency medicine clinical productivity metrics, teaching metrics, and the relationship between them. Seven articles met inclusion criteria. While most articles utilized relative value units (RVUs) per hour, other outcomes metrics were heterogeneous. Almost all studies utilized retrospective data and took place at academic teaching hospitals. Despite variability in statistical analysis, no studies found a relationship between clinical productivity and teaching metrics. Multiple articles identified characteristics of faculty that were associated with improved teaching metrics independent of clinical demands. The available literature does not support the concept that increased clinical productivity conflicts with quality teaching. A subset of faculty was identified who excelled at both. Next research steps should include developing shared standards for assessment of clinical productivity and educational quality that can be used to collect data at multiple sites at academic and community clinical settings; a secondary outcome includes measuring the effects of additional teaching attendings and educational value units.
Pattern of crop raiding by wild large mammals and the resultant impacts vary with distances from forests in Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract Crop raiding is a major form of human‐wildlife interaction mainly in the ecotone areas of human‐modified natural landscapes. The aim of this study was to examine the spatial pattern of crop raiding and the resultant impacts on how farmers perceive forests at different distances from Yayu Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve which is located in southwest Ethiopia. For this, thirty transects (each 1 km long) were laid out at 200 m interval parallel to forest edges: ten transects close to forest (<0.5 km), ten at intermediate (0.5–1 km), and ten transects were taken far from forest (>1 km). Along each transect, 2–6 households were randomly selected and interviewed using semistructured questionnaire. The perception of the respondents on forests at different distances from forest edges was analyzed using Pearson's Chi‐square test. The variation in the amount of damage among these three locations was tested using one‐way ANOVA. Four wild large mammals including olive baboon, vervet monkey, bush pigs, and crested porcupine were identified as top crop raiders in the area. The frequencies of occurrence of crop raiders decreased with increasing distance from forest edges. Similarly, the amount of damage in maize fields was higher close to forests when compared with that of either at intermediate or far from forest edges (p < .001). Eighty‐one percent of the households living close to the forests perceive that forest is a threat to their survival. Overall, our results imply that strategies need to be sought in order to minimize the socio‐ecological impacts of crop raiders mainly in locations close to forest edges.
Does the use of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic impact on oral hygiene habits, oral conditions, reasons to seek dental care and esthetic concerns?

Background To evaluate the impact of the use of face masks on oral hygiene habits; oral conditions self-perception; reasons to seek dental treatment; and esthetic concerns. Material and Methods 1346 participants answered a web-based survey with questions related to the aims of the study. Descriptive statistic was performed and the responses were analyzed with chi-square test and regression analysis. Results With the use of masks, toothbrushing frequency decreased significantly, and people are significantly less concerned about oral hygiene. The number of subjects that reported to have halitosis increased significantly and this was associated with a decrease in toothbrushing frequency. The greatest complaints of subjects were teeth color and alignment. The prevalence of bruxism increased significantly. Overall, 94.1% considered that esthetics is important to seek dental care even with the use of masks, and 84.2% are maintaining usual periodic dental care. People are significantly less concerned with their smile and dental esthetics with the use of masks. Conclusions With the use of face mask, people must be motivated regarding maintaining oral hygiene habits. Some respondents will seek dental care only when masks were no longer necessary, therefore dentists must be aware of a reduction in the volume of patients. Key words:Dental health surveys, esthetics, oral hygiene, dental care, COVID-19, behavior.
Invisalign treatment from the patient perspective: A Twitter content analyses

Background Understanding patient perspective is a key factor in improving treatment satisfaction. The aim of the present study is to qualitatively describe the content of Twitter posts related to the treatment with Invisalign in order to get a better understanding of patient experience. Material and Methods Tweets were prospectively collected during a period of four weeks from public available posts on Twitter using Awario™ a bespoke social media monitoring tool. After applying the pertinent inclusion and exclusion criteria the selected posts were analysed by three investigators using thematic analysis. Specific themes and subthemes were developed. Results A total of 1564 tweets were analysed; three mayor themes were identified: Pre-treatment related, Treatment related and Patient/clinician relationship. Pre-treatment posts were mainly positive and underlined patients’ expectations, while in the treatment phase an almost equal number of positive and negative posts were found. The positive post were about the satisfaction with treatment and the improvement of self-esteem. The negative ones were related to pain, compliance, the impact on diet and pronunciation. Conclusions The present study provides a better understanding of patients’ experience during clear aligners treatment. Increasing the awareness of the clinicians can improve their ability to face problems related to the orthodontic treatment and to provide to their patients better professional advices and counselling. Key words:Social media, twitter, clear aligners, Invisalign, orthodontics.
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Does Not Affect Post-Discharge Survival in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients complicated by out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) show poor in-hospital outcomes. However, the post-discharge outcomes of survivors of OHCA have not been well studied. Methods and Results: Data for patients admitted to The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital with AMI between April 2012 and March 2020 were examined retrospectively. The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital is a tertiary emergency medical facility, so the frequency of OHCA in this hospital is higher than in an ordinary AMI population. Of 803 patients, 92 (11.5%) were complicated by OHCA. Of the 92 OHCA patients, 37 died in hospital, compared with 45 of 711 non-OHCA patients who died in hospital (P<0.001). OHCA was more frequent in men than in women. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was lower in those with than without OHCA. Long-term mortality was evaluated in patients discharged alive and followed-up at an outpatient clinic (n=635; median follow-up period 607 days). The long-term post-discharge mortality was comparable between AMI patients with and without OHCA. Conclusions: The post-discharge mortality of AMI patients with OHCA was comparable that of patients without OHCA.